abstract: BACKGROUND: The current study evaluated postirradiation @entity7 in the oral cavity to investigate clinical and pathologic characteristics and incidence rates. METHODS: Between 1960 and 1999, 2719 @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with radiation therapy at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital. Of these, six @entity0 developed clinically polypoid @entity1 pathologically diagnosed as @entity7 . Histopathology, immunohistology, and the clinical courses of these lesions were investigated. RESULTS: Spindled fibroblastic cells arranged in whorled patterns were common pathologic features. Immunohistochemical results showed reactivity for @entity6 and smooth muscle actin and nonreactivity for cytokeratin. The latent period from the initial radiation therapy to the development of the @entity7 ranged from 45 to 145 months (median, 79 months). The overall cumulative incidence of @entity7 was 0.22% during the 40 year period. All six @entity0 were cured with simple excisions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 @entity0 treated with radiation therapy may develop @entity7 in a low frequency with a shorter period than that of radiation induced @entity2 / @entity3 . @entity7 was curable with surgery. @entity7 should be added to the list of differential diagnosis for postirradiation oral polypoid masses.

title: XXXX : benign polypoid masses following radiation therapy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Colonoscopy is the most commonly used @entity2 screening test in the United States. Its quality, as measured by @entity3 rates (ADRs), varies widely among physicians, with unknown consequences for the cost and benefits of screening programs. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the lifetime benefits, complications, and costs of an initial colonoscopy screening program at different levels of @entity3 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Microsimulation modeling with data from a community-based health care system on ADR variation and @entity1 risk among 57,588 @entity0 examined by 136 physicians from 1998 through 2010. EXPOSURES: Using modeling, no screening was compared with screening initiation with colonoscopy according to ADR quintiles (averages 15.3%, quintile 1; 21.3%, quintile 2; 25.6%, quintile 3; 30.9%, quintile 4; and 38.7%, quintile 5) at ages 50, 60, and 70 years with appropriate surveillance of @entity0 with @entity3 . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Estimated lifetime @entity2 incidence and mortality, number of colonoscopies, complications, and costs per 1000 @entity0 , all discounted at 3% per year and including 95% confidence intervals from multiway probabilistic sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: In simulation modeling, among unscreened @entity0 the lifetime risk of @entity2 incidence was 34.2 per 1000 (95% CI, 25.9-43.6) and risk of mortality was 13.4 per 1000 (95% CI, 10.0-17.6). Among screened @entity0 , simulated lifetime incidence decreased with lower to higher ADRs (26.6; 95% CI, 20.0-34.3 for quintile 1 vs 12.5; 95% CI, 9.3-16.5 for quintile 5) as did mortality (5.7; 95% CI, 4.2-7.7 for quintile 1 vs 2.3; 95% CI, 1.7-3.1 for quintile 5). Compared with quintile 1, simulated lifetime incidence was on average 11.4% (95% CI, 10.3%-11.9%) lower for every 5 percentage-point increase of ADRs and for mortality, 12.8% (95% CI, 11.1%-13.7%) lower. Complications increased from 6.0 (95% CI, 4.0-8.5) of 2777 colonoscopies (95% CI, 2626-2943) in quintile 1 to 8.9 (95% CI, 6.1-12.0) complications of 3376 (95% CI, 3081-3681) colonoscopies in quintile 5. Estimated net screening costs were lower from quintile 1 ( @entity4  2.1 million, 95% CI,  1.8- 2.4 million) to quintile 5 ( @entity4  1.8 million, 95% CI,  1.3- 2.3 million) due to averted @entity1 treatment costs. Results were stable across sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this microsimulation modeling study, higher @entity3 rates in screening colonoscopy were associated with lower lifetime risks of @entity2 and @entity2 without being associated with higher overall costs. Future research is needed to assess whether increasing @entity3 would be associated with improved @entity0 outcomes.

title: Variation in XXXX Rate and the Lifetime Benefits and Cost of @entity2 : A Microsimulation Model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Colonoscopy is the most commonly used @entity2 screening test in the United States. Its quality, as measured by @entity3 rates (ADRs), varies widely among physicians, with unknown consequences for the cost and benefits of screening programs. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the lifetime benefits, complications, and costs of an initial colonoscopy screening program at different levels of @entity3 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Microsimulation modeling with data from a community-based health care system on ADR variation and @entity1 risk among 57,588 @entity0 examined by 136 physicians from 1998 through 2010. EXPOSURES: Using modeling, no screening was compared with screening initiation with colonoscopy according to ADR quintiles (averages 15.3%, quintile 1; 21.3%, quintile 2; 25.6%, quintile 3; 30.9%, quintile 4; and 38.7%, quintile 5) at ages 50, 60, and 70 years with appropriate surveillance of @entity0 with @entity3 . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Estimated lifetime @entity2 incidence and mortality, number of colonoscopies, complications, and costs per 1000 @entity0 , all discounted at 3% per year and including 95% confidence intervals from multiway probabilistic sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: In simulation modeling, among unscreened @entity0 the lifetime risk of @entity2 incidence was 34.2 per 1000 (95% CI, 25.9-43.6) and risk of mortality was 13.4 per 1000 (95% CI, 10.0-17.6). Among screened @entity0 , simulated lifetime incidence decreased with lower to higher ADRs (26.6; 95% CI, 20.0-34.3 for quintile 1 vs 12.5; 95% CI, 9.3-16.5 for quintile 5) as did mortality (5.7; 95% CI, 4.2-7.7 for quintile 1 vs 2.3; 95% CI, 1.7-3.1 for quintile 5). Compared with quintile 1, simulated lifetime incidence was on average 11.4% (95% CI, 10.3%-11.9%) lower for every 5 percentage-point increase of ADRs and for mortality, 12.8% (95% CI, 11.1%-13.7%) lower. Complications increased from 6.0 (95% CI, 4.0-8.5) of 2777 colonoscopies (95% CI, 2626-2943) in quintile 1 to 8.9 (95% CI, 6.1-12.0) complications of 3376 (95% CI, 3081-3681) colonoscopies in quintile 5. Estimated net screening costs were lower from quintile 1 ( @entity4  2.1 million, 95% CI,  1.8- 2.4 million) to quintile 5 ( @entity4  1.8 million, 95% CI,  1.3- 2.3 million) due to averted @entity1 treatment costs. Results were stable across sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this microsimulation modeling study, higher @entity3 rates in screening colonoscopy were associated with lower lifetime risks of @entity2 and @entity2 without being associated with higher overall costs. Future research is needed to assess whether increasing @entity3 would be associated with improved @entity0 outcomes.

title: Variation in @entity3 Rate and the Lifetime Benefits and Cost of XXXX : A Microsimulation Model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The author presents late results of treating 60 @entity0 with @entity5 of @entity3 . The treatment was conducted by 3 methods: 30 @entity0 were receiving @entity4 for 1 month, 15 subjects were given calcitonin intramuscularly for 1 month, and programmed rehabilitation according to Mucha's scheme was applied in 15 @entity0 . The results were estimated within the period of 1/2--2 years since the commencement of therapy. The evaluation of the results was accomplished by 3-degree classification namely: good, fair, poor. Main attention was focussed on the rest pain regression and improvement of the hand grasping function. In the total group of 60 @entity0 under treatment, there were 38 @entity0 with good results (62%), in 16 the result was fair (27%) and in 6 @entity0 the outcome was poor (11%). It has been recorded that the treatment during the I stage of disease by all the three methods used was uniformly effective. In the treatment of the II stage the most efficacious was @entity4 (statistically significant). @entity4 best influenced the improvement of hand grasping strength after the treatment, as well as regression of DS typical changes in RTG and bone scan. It has been also ascertained that for achievement of good results--regardless of the therapeutic method--the greatest influence was exerted by: the time shorter than 3 months elapsing from the @entity2 to the onset of the treatment, initial @entity1 smaller than 3 cm, the presence of typical for DS changes in bone scintigraphy as well as I stage of the disease.

title: [Clinical estimation of late treatment results in XXXX treated with @entity4 , calcitonin and exercise therapy].

answer: @entity5


abstract: The author presents late results of treating 60 @entity0 with @entity5 of @entity3 . The treatment was conducted by 3 methods: 30 @entity0 were receiving @entity4 for 1 month, 15 subjects were given calcitonin intramuscularly for 1 month, and programmed rehabilitation according to Mucha's scheme was applied in 15 @entity0 . The results were estimated within the period of 1/2--2 years since the commencement of therapy. The evaluation of the results was accomplished by 3-degree classification namely: good, fair, poor. Main attention was focussed on the rest pain regression and improvement of the hand grasping function. In the total group of 60 @entity0 under treatment, there were 38 @entity0 with good results (62%), in 16 the result was fair (27%) and in 6 @entity0 the outcome was poor (11%). It has been recorded that the treatment during the I stage of disease by all the three methods used was uniformly effective. In the treatment of the II stage the most efficacious was @entity4 (statistically significant). @entity4 best influenced the improvement of hand grasping strength after the treatment, as well as regression of DS typical changes in RTG and bone scan. It has been also ascertained that for achievement of good results--regardless of the therapeutic method--the greatest influence was exerted by: the time shorter than 3 months elapsing from the @entity2 to the onset of the treatment, initial @entity1 smaller than 3 cm, the presence of typical for DS changes in bone scintigraphy as well as I stage of the disease.

title: [Clinical estimation of late treatment results in @entity5 treated with XXXX , calcitonin and exercise therapy].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the USA, uncontrolled @entity1 contributes to 1000 deaths a day. However, little is known about the quality of @entity1 management in family medicine resident clinics. OBJECTIVES: To examine rates of documentation and treatment of elevated blood pressure, and to identify missed opportunities to address @entity1 . Study design A cross-sectional chart review of 1011 adult @entity0 visits between 2 January and 4 February 2013 was performed in a resident-run federally qualified health centre. For @entity0 with elevated blood pressure at time of visit, we noted whether or not the residents had documented a diagnosis or discussion of @entity1 and the presence or absence of a treatment plan. We compared these rates with those from a national sample of primary care physicians. RESULTS: 262/1011 (26%) of adult @entity0 had elevated blood pressure at time of visit. Of those, 115/262 (44%) had documentation and a plan for treatment, 79/262 (30%) had documentation but no plan, and 68/262 (26%) had neither documentation nor plan. Nationally, 45% of @entity0 are diagnosed and treated compared with 44% of study visits with documentation and treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Fewer than half of visits of @entity0 with elevated blood pressure resulted in both documentation and a treatment plan. Nevertheless, these rates are comparable to national providers. @entity2 was more likely to be missed during acute visits and in @entity0 with less elevated blood pressure.

title: Documentation and treatment of XXXX : quality of care and missed opportunities in a family medicine resident clinic.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence-based consensus guidelines recommend only observation for @entity0 with @entity2 and life expectancy less than 10 years. This report describes the incidence, drivers, cost, and morbidity of overtreatment of @entity2 within the United States. METHODS: The SEER-Medicare Program was used to identify 11,744 @entity0 aged 66 years or older diagnosed with @entity2 in 2004 through 2007. Overtreatment of @entity2 was defined as definitive treatment of a @entity0 with a life expectancy of less than 10 years. Expected survival was estimated using NCCN methodology. Costs were the amount paid by Medicare in years after minus year before diagnosis. @entity1 were relevant Medicare diagnoses/interventions. P values are 2-sided. RESULTS: Of 3001 @entity0 with @entity2 and a life expectancy of less than 10 years, 2011 @entity0 (67%) were overtreated. On multivariable logistic regression, overtreated @entity0 were more likely to be married (odds ratio [OR], 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.59; P=.02), reside in affluent regions (P<.001), and harbor more @entity3 at diagnosis (P<.001). Two-year @entity1 was greater in overtreated @entity0 (P<.001). Relative to active surveillance/watchful waiting/observation, the median additional cost per definitive treatment was  18,827 over 5 years; the cumulative annual cost attributable to overtreatment in the United States was  58.7 million. The ability to avoid treating the 80% of @entity0 with low-grade disease who will never die of @entity2 would save  1.32 billion per year nationally. CONCLUSIONS: Overtreatment of @entity2 is partially driven by sociodemographic factors and occurs frequently, with marked impact on @entity0 quality of life and health-related costs.

title: Cost implications and complications of overtreatment of XXXX in the United States.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidural injections are performed utilizing 3 approaches in the lumbar spine: caudal, interlaminar, and transforaminal. The literature on the efficacy of epidural injections has been sporadic. There are few high-quality randomized trials performed under fluoroscopy in managing disc herniation that have a long-term follow-up and appropriate outcome parameters. There is also a lack of literature comparing the efficacy of these 3 approaches. METHODS: This manuscript analyzes data from 3 randomized controlled trials that assessed a total of 360 @entity0 with @entity4 . There were 120 @entity0 per trial either receiving local anesthetic alone (60 @entity0 ) or local anesthetic with @entity3 (60 @entity0 ). RESULTS: Analysis showed similar efficacy for caudal, interlaminar, and transforaminal approaches in managing @entity5 and disability from disc herniation. The analysis of caudal epidural injections showed the potential superiority of @entity3 compared with local anesthetic alone a 2-year follow-up, based on the average relief per procedure. In the interlaminar group, results were somewhat superior for @entity2 relief in the @entity1 group at 6 months and functional status at 12 months. Interlaminar epidurals provided improvement in a significantly higher proportion of @entity0 . The proportion of @entity0 nonresponsive to initial injections was also lower in the group for local anesthetic with @entity1 in the interlaminar trial. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this assessment show significant improvement in @entity0 suffering from @entity4 with 3 lumbar epidural approaches with local anesthetic alone, or using @entity3 with long-term follow-up of up to 2 years, in a contemporary interventional @entity2 management setting.

title: Comparison of the efficacy of caudal, interlaminar, and transforaminal epidural injections in managing XXXX : is one method superior to the other?

answer: @entity4


abstract: A 50-year-old active male with a smoking history of 30 years (20 cigarettes per day) was admitted to hospital because of more than one month's cough without sputum. No comorbidity was present. The preoperative examination showed: blood test normal, ECG normal, cardio-pulmonary function normal, chest computed tomography (CT) display @entity5 ( @entity5 ) mass of 5 cm diameter. Bronchoscopy examination and biopsy indicated @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the take-off of @entity5 bronchus. No metastatic focus was found after emission computed tomography (ECT) scan of whole body bone, abdominal US scanning and brain MR. After initial evaluation, the clinical stage before operation was cT2bN0M0 (IIA stage). A selective video-assisted @entity4 surgery (VATS) operation was arranged after 9 days of smoking cessation. Lateral position, one 10 mm trocar for camera in the 7th intercostals space in the mid-auxiliary line, 4 cm trocar for operation in the 4th intercostal space in the anterior axillary line, 15 mm trocar for auxiliary operation in the 8th intercostal space in the scapula line, the @entity0 received VATS @entity5 lobectomy, plus systemic mediastinal lymph nodes dissection. The procedure of 200 minutes operation was smooth with @entity3 of about 150 mL. Chest tube was removed 6 days after operation, and the @entity0 discharged 11 days after the operation; The post-operation pathological examination showed @entity5 @entity2 , and the pathological stage was pT2bN0M0R0 (IIA stage). The @entity0 has received four cycles of EP adjuvant chemotherapy per 21 days and is still alive without disease recurrence and @entity1 after re-examination.

title: Video-assisted XXXX surgery right sleeve lobectomy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a high tendency among specialists to treat the addicts with @entity4 ; withdrawal symptoms are frequent after taking @entity4 along with opioids. This study investigated the frequency of @entity5 due to inappropriate use of @entity4 in addicts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in Noor and Aliasghar hospitals in Isfahan city. The study population included the addicts who were agitated as a result of @entity4 abuse. Scores of @entity0 with @entity5 were measured with Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS). @entity0 outcomes including recovery without complications, recovery with complications ( @entity6 ), and mortality were recorded. RESULTS: All the @entity0 with @entity5 caused by @entity4 abuse during 1 year were 40 @entity0 , of whom nine were excluded due to their comorbid diseases ( @entity1 or @entity2 ). Among the remaining 31 @entity0 , 30 were male. The @entity0 ' mean age was 29.93 (5.24) years. The most common symptoms observed besides @entity5 was midriasis (41.9%), and @entity3 (41.9%), A 38.8% of the @entity0 scored 3 or 4, and, 61.2% scored 1 or 2 for @entity5 . The mean time for @entity0 ' restlessness scores to reach zero was 9.30 (3.71) h (min: 3 h, max: 18 h). All the @entity0 in both groups were discharged with recovery without complication. CONCLUSION: Considering the high prevalence of @entity5 in the poisoning emergency department due to inappropriate use of @entity4 , more accurate planning for administration of @entity4 in addicts seems necessary.

title: The frequency of @entity5 due to inappropriate use of XXXX in addicts.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a high tendency among specialists to treat the addicts with @entity4 ; withdrawal symptoms are frequent after taking @entity4 along with opioids. This study investigated the frequency of @entity5 due to inappropriate use of @entity4 in addicts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in Noor and Aliasghar hospitals in Isfahan city. The study population included the addicts who were agitated as a result of @entity4 abuse. Scores of @entity0 with @entity5 were measured with Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS). @entity0 outcomes including recovery without complications, recovery with complications ( @entity6 ), and mortality were recorded. RESULTS: All the @entity0 with @entity5 caused by @entity4 abuse during 1 year were 40 @entity0 , of whom nine were excluded due to their comorbid diseases ( @entity1 or @entity2 ). Among the remaining 31 @entity0 , 30 were male. The @entity0 ' mean age was 29.93 (5.24) years. The most common symptoms observed besides @entity5 was midriasis (41.9%), and @entity3 (41.9%), A 38.8% of the @entity0 scored 3 or 4, and, 61.2% scored 1 or 2 for @entity5 . The mean time for @entity0 ' restlessness scores to reach zero was 9.30 (3.71) h (min: 3 h, max: 18 h). All the @entity0 in both groups were discharged with recovery without complication. CONCLUSION: Considering the high prevalence of @entity5 in the poisoning emergency department due to inappropriate use of @entity4 , more accurate planning for administration of @entity4 in addicts seems necessary.

title: The frequency of XXXX due to inappropriate use of @entity4 in addicts.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the predictive values of ambulatory blood pressure-related parameters for moderate @entity1 in resistant @entity2 (RH). METHODS: The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for 401 hospitalized @entity0 with @entity2 at our hospital from October 2010 to October 2013. They were divided into RH (n = 263) and non-RH (n = 138). The modified estimating equation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for Chinese @entity0 was used to assess renal functions. The standardization of moderate @entity1 was when GFR below 60 ml    min(-1)    1.73 m(-2). The ambulatory blood pressure-related parameters were obtained by 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The important prediction of these parameters for moderate @entity1 was accessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. And the related risk factors for @entity1 were tested by multiple stepwise Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI), 24 h mean pulse pressure (24 hPP), sleeptime relative systolic blood pressure ( @entity3 ) decline and 24 h systolic blood pressure (24 @entity3 ) had important predictive values for moderate @entity1 in RH. GFR was significantly lower in those with AASI >=  0.485, 24 hPP >=  47.5 mmHg, sleeptime relative @entity3 decline  <= -1.75% and 24 @entity3 >=  130.5 mmHg (P < 0.05). Area under curve of ROC curve of AASI, 24 hPP, sleeptime relative @entity3 decline and 24 @entity3 were 0.804, 0.644, 0.602 and 0.623 respectively. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that AASI (OR 1 268.5, P = 0.000), low density lipoprotein (OR 0.7, P = 0.01) and sleeptime relative @entity3 decline (OR 1.3, P = 0.01) were independent risk factors for GFR < 60 ml    min(-1)    1.73 m(-2) in RH. CONCLUSION: AASI, 24 hPP, sleeptime relative @entity3 decline and 24 @entity3 are the most significant ambulatory blood pressure-related parameters in predicting @entity1 in resistant @entity2 .

title: [Change of ambulatory blood pressure-related parameters for different levels of renal function in resistant XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The double-stapling technique using a circular stapler (CS) to create an end-to-end @entity5 is currently used widely in laparoscopic-assisted rectal surgery. However, a high rate of @entity2 has been reported. We report new side-to-side @entity5 creation using a CS, the so-called circular side stapling technique (CST). After excising the rectum at the oral and anal sides of the @entity1 with a linear stapler, a side-to-side colorectal @entity5 was made on the anterior wall of the rectosigmoid colon and the anterior or posterior wall of the rectum with a CS. Between 2012 and 2013, we recorded 30 serial cases of @entity3 that were treated with laparoscopic-assisted surgeries using this method. In the 30 cases, the mean age was 68    12 years, operating time was 288    80 minutes, and @entity4 was 66    67 mL. None of the @entity0 suffered from @entity5 leakage or postoperative @entity6 , and none complained of their stool habits. Three months after the last surgery in this cohort, no @entity5 strictures were reported. Based on these results, we propose an alternative method of side-to-side @entity5 for low anterior resection by using a CS to prevent staple overlap. Our experience indicates that the CST is easy and safe. Therefore, this method is a useful alternative to the current method used in laparoscopic surgery.

title: The Use of a Circular Side Stapling Technique in Laparoscopic Low Anterior Resection for XXXX : Experience of 30 Serial Cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The differential efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for @entity2 family caregivers' is analyzed through a randomized controlled trial. METHOD: @entity0 were 135 caregivers with high depressive symptomatology who were randomly allocated to the intervention conditions or a control group (CG). Pre-, postintervention, and follow-up measurements assessed depressive symptomatology, @entity1 , leisure, dysfunctional thoughts, and experiential avoidance. RESULTS: Depression: Significant effects of interventions compared with CG were found for CBT (p < .001, d = 0.98, number needed to treat [NNT] = 3.61) and ACT (p < .001, d = 1.17, NNT = 3.53) at postintervention, but were maintained only at follow-up for CBT (p = .02, d = 0.74, NNT = 9.71). Clinically significant change was observed in 26.7% @entity0 in CBT, 24.2% in ACT, and 0% in CG. At follow-up, 10.53% in CBT and 4% in ACT were recovered (0% CG). @entity1 : At postintervention, ACT @entity0 showed lower @entity1 than CBT @entity0 (p < .05, d = 0.50) and CG @entity0 (p < .01, d = 0.79, NNT = 3.86), with no effects at follow-up. At postintervention, 23.33% in CBT, 36.36% in ACT, and 6.45% in CG showed clinically significant change. At follow-up, 26.32% in CBT, 36% in ACT, and 13.64% in CG were recovered. Significant changes at postintervention were found in leisure and dysfunctional thoughts in both ACT and CBT, with changes in experiential avoidance only for ACT. CONCLUSION: Similar results were obtained for ACT and CBT. ACT seems to be a viable and effective treatment for @entity2 caregivers.

title: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) versus acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for XXXX family caregivers with significant depressive symptoms: Results of a randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe treatment results in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and to compare three different classification staging systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1988 to 2013, we performed a retrospective study of 20 @entity0 with @entity3 . The median age at diagnosis was 71 years. There were 10 males and 10 females. RESULTS: Nine @entity3 (45%) were originated in the ethmoidal sinus complex, four (20%) in the inferior turbinate, three (15%) in the nasal septum, two (10%) in the maxillary sinus, and two (10%) in the nasal vestibule. Local recurrence was diagnosed in eight @entity0 (40%), and six out of 20 @entity0 (30%) developed distant @entity1 during the course of their disease. The adjusted survival rates at three and five years were 47% and 34%, respectively. The adjusted three-year survival rate according to the sinonasal staging system 7th edition for SMM (TNM-SMM) was 60% in T3 stage, 50% in T4a stage, and 34% in T4b stage (p = 0.05). According to Thompson's staging system, survival was 33% for group one, 58% for group two, and 0% for group three (p = 0.006). With the sinonasal staging system 7th edition for @entity2 (TNM-CAR) survival was 33% in T1, 100% in T2 and T3, 0% in T4a, and 34% in T4b (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Our experience confirms the distribution of @entity0 according to survival rates was better with the TNM-SMM than with Thompson's or the TNM-CAR systems.

title: XXXX and comparison of classification staging systems.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 (NM) is an auto-oxidation by-product of @entity3 synthesis which is observed almost exclusively in primates. We have estimated the distribution and the number of NM-positive neurons of the upper brainstem and the degree of their melanization from birth to the onset of senescence in 5 monkeys ( @entity4 ) aged 0, 1.5, 3.5, 8 and 13 years. Series of sections taken at 640-microns intervals were examined either unstained to detect unstained NM, stained for NM with Masson @entity0 impregnation or processed by @entity1 hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry to analyze catecholaminergic neurons. The proportion of NM-containing cells among TH-positive neurons varied from one catecholaminergic region to another: low in the @entity2 and central gray substance (cgs); moderate in the cell group A8, and high in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), locus coeruleus (LC) and substantia nigra (SN). TH-positive neurons were detected in the SN, VTA, catecholaminergic cell group A8, LC, cgs and @entity2 . At birth, although no unstained NM-positive neurons were detected, Masson-stained cells were observed, though only in the LC. At 1.5 and 3.5 years, Masson-positive neurons were observed despite the absence of visible pigment. At 8 and 13 years, unstained NM was present in Masson-positive neurons. The number of unstained NM-positive neurons and Masson-positive neurons and the amount of NM per neuron increased with age in each subregion studied. Nevertheless, some TH-positive neurons were found to be without NM. The data indicate a differential increased NM content with age in the neurons of midbrain catecholaminergic cell groups. However, its functional significance remains to be determined.

title: Neuromelanin accumulation with age in catecholaminergic neurons from XXXX brainstem.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: A mathematical model that describes the kinetics of @entity2 measured in @entity0 who received therapeutic doses of radiation therapy is presented. The clinical implications of the model are also investigated. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Data from 122 @entity0 treated at Stanford University between December 1985 and December 1990 were used. The general form of the model contains five parameters, two associated with a decreasing exponential, two with a rising exponential and one additional constant. A nonlinear steepest-descent procedure that minimized chi-squared was used to determine the parameters producing the best fit to a @entity0 's data. The correlation of the model parameters with clinical findings was investigated using standard statistical techniques including multivariate life-table and logistic regression. RESULTS: The data for all @entity0 could be fit with either a decreasing exponential with or without the additional constant (nonrelapsing pattern with two or three parameters) or with a decreasing plus rising exponential (relapsing pattern with three or four parameters). In no instance were all five parameters of the general model required to describe a @entity0 's data. Three of 61 @entity0 with nonrelapsing patterns experienced clinical relapse, whereas 36 of 61 @entity0 with relapsing patterns did. The logarithm of the initial @entity2 level and the corresponding model parameter correlated with @entity1 and Gleason score. Among the @entity0 with relapsing patterns, the nadir in antigen level occurred within 2 years of the start of treatment and the time to nadir, as calculated from the model parameters, was associated with the probability of clinical relapse. In no instance was the rate of initial decline ever exceeded by the rate of subsequent rise. CONCLUSION: The model is capable of describing the kinetics of @entity2 levels found in @entity0 after receiving radiation therapy. The parameters derived from the model are strong correlates with clinical findings and @entity0 outcome.

title: XXXX kinetics after external beam irradiation for carcinoma of the prostate.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) may present with significant @entity4 of the orbital walls or cranial base. Although proptosis is fairly common, @entity5 are rarely reported. The objectives of this study are to describe strategies for @entity2 -induced @entity1 and evaluate ophthalmologic outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Case series with chart review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. SUBJECT AND METHODS: A retrospective review identified 9 @entity0 treated from 2008 to 2014 with @entity2 -induced @entity5 . Data regarding @entity0 demographics, preoperative imaging, ophthalmologic symptoms, surgical intervention, histopathologic findings, and postoperative sinonasal and ophthalmologic outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity2 (average age, 38 years) presented with @entity9 or @entity12 . Clinical presentation included unilateral @entity7 secondary to @entity11 (n = 5), @entity8 from unilateral (n = 2) or bilateral (n = 1) @entity12 , and @entity10 secondary to optic chiasm compression (n = 1). On average, the duration of ocular symptoms was 17 days. All @entity0 underwent endoscopic surgical decompression of the sinuses and oral @entity6 therapy. Two individuals had an additional optic nerve decompression at the time of surgery. Seven @entity0 had complete return of nerve function, whereas 2 had partial recovery at an average of 5 weeks following surgery. CONCLUSION: Bone erosion of the sphenoid sinus walls by @entity2 can lead to compression of surrounding neural structures producing @entity5 . Identification of these symptoms and prompt surgical @entity3 , along with aggressive medical therapy, provided excellent outcomes in the current series of @entity0 .

title: Outcomes of Pressure-Induced XXXX from Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has emerged as the treatment of choice for uncomplicated @entity4 . Despite early concerns, many surgeons have applied this new technique to more complicated biliary tract disease states, including @entity2 . To evaluate the safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in this setting, we retrospectively reviewed 29 @entity0 with clinical and laboratory evidence of @entity2 who underwent this procedure between March 1990 and December 1992. The severity of @entity2 was determined by Ranson's criteria. Two @entity0 had a Ranson's score of 6, one of 5, one of 4, five scored 3, nine scored 2, nine also scored 1, and two @entity0 scored 0. The mean serum amylase level on admission was 1,610 (range 148 to 7680). All @entity0 underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the same hospital admission for @entity2 , with the mean time of operation being 5.5 days from admission. Operative time averaged 123 minutes (range 60-220 minutes). Intraoperative cholangiography was obtained in 76 per cent of @entity0 . Three @entity0 had @entity3 on intraoperative cholangiography and were treated with choledochoscopy, laparoscopic common bile duct exploration, and saline flushing of the duct. The mean length of hospital stay was 11 days (range 5-32 days). There were seven postoperative complications requiring prolonged hospitalization with all but one treated non-operatively. One @entity0 with a preoperative Ranson score of 6 developed necrotizing @entity2 and subsequently required operative pancreatic debridement and drainage. There were no deaths in this series and no postoperative wound @entity1 . The average recovery period for return to work was 2 weeks. These statistics compare favorably with literature reports for open cholecystectomy in @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 1.   Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction (HLJDD) is widely used for the treatment of @entity3 , @entity0 , @entity1 in clinic. In the present study, the comprehensive metabolic profile of HLJDD was demonstrated reliably and rapidly followed by the metabolic pathway analysis of six typical pure compounds (four alkaloids, one @entity5 and one iridoid) in HLJDD using LC-IT-MS combined with high resolution LC-FT-ICR-MS. 2.   Totally, 85 compounds, including 32 prototype components and 53 biotransformed metabolites were detected and characterized in the urine and feces after oral administration of HLJDD and six pure compounds to @entity2 , respectively. Among them, 17 prototypes were identified definitely with standard references. 3.   Hydroxylation, demethylation and glucuronidation reactions of alkaloids, as well as glucuronidation and sulfonation reactions of @entity6 and @entity4 , were observed as the major metabolic pathways of HLJDD. @entity4 , @entity6 and their metabolites were mainly excreted from urine. However, amount of alkaloids were detected in feces. 4.   In general, the distinctive metabolic process of three kinds of representative components in HLJDD was clarified. The in vivo metabolic network of HLJDD was demonstrated. Meanwhile, the investigation of representative pure compounds in metabolic study provided a valuable strategy to elucidate the full-scale metabolic fate of HLJDD. This might be helpful to understand the in vivo mechanism of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

title: Metabolic fate analysis of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction in XXXX urine and feces by LC-IT-MS combining with LC-FT-ICR-MS: a feasible strategy for the metabolism study of Chinese medical formula.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because of unique exposures, studies among farmers may yield insights into the relationship between @entity2 and @entity3 . We evaluated farm characteristics, @entity1 and conditions, and risk of @entity6 including specific subtypes in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort of farmers and spouses from North Carolina and Iowa. METHODS: We identified 710 incident cases of @entity6 (including chronic @entity7 and @entity5 ) among 82,370 @entity0 with baseline data on crop and animal exposures, including 454 cases among 52,850 @entity0 with baseline data on @entity2 ( @entity8 ) and living on a farm during childhood. HR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multivariable-adjusted proportional hazards models. RESULTS: We observed reduced risks of @entity6 among farmers and spouses with @entity8 at baseline (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.51-0.79), related to growing @entity4 (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67-0.96), and among farmers who handled stored grains or hay (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.52-0.82). Growing up on a farm was associated with @entity6 (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.15-1.98). Results did not differ significantly by @entity6 subtype. CONCLUSIONS: Both the reduced risk of @entity6 among those with @entity2 and specific farm exposures in adulthood, and the increased risk among those who grew up on a farm suggest that the host immune response to agricultural allergens may influence @entity6 development. IMPACT: This prospective study is, to our knowledge, the first to investigate the relationship between @entity2 and @entity6 risk in farmers; confirmation of these findings in other farming populations is warranted. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(3); 587-94.   2015 AACR.

title: Farm characteristics, XXXX , and risk of non-hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms in the agricultural health study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular events occur most frequently in the morning hours. We prospectively studied the association between the morning blood pressure (BP) surge and @entity1 in elderly @entity2 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied @entity1 prognosis in 519 older @entity2 in whom ambulatory BP monitoring was performed and silent cerebral @entity4 was assessed by brain MRI and who were followed up prospectively. The @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was calculated as follows: mean systolic BP during the 2 hours after awakening minus mean systolic BP during the 1 hour that included the lowest sleep BP. During an average duration of 41 months (range 1 to 68 months), 44 @entity1 events occurred. When the @entity0 were divided into 2 groups according to @entity3 , those in the top decile ( @entity3 group; @entity3 > or =55 mm Hg, n=53) had a higher baseline prevalence of @entity4 (57% versus 33%, P=0.001) and a higher @entity1 incidence (19% versus 7.3%, P=0.004) during the follow-up period than the others (non- @entity3 group; @entity3 <55 mm Hg, n=466). After they were matched for age and 24-hour BP, the relative risk of the @entity3 group versus the non- @entity3 group remained significant (relative risk=2.7, P=0.04). The @entity3 was associated with @entity1 events independently of 24-hour BP, nocturnal BP dipping status, and baseline prevalence of silent @entity4 (P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: In older @entity2 , a higher @entity3 is associated with @entity1 risk independently of ambulatory BP, nocturnal BP falls, and silent @entity4 . Reduction of the @entity3 could thus be a new therapeutic target for preventing target organ damage and subsequent cardiovascular events in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Morning surge in blood pressure as a predictor of silent and clinical cerebrovascular disease in elderly XXXX : a prospective study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) is well known for its high @entity1 content and great resistance to environmental stress. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of @entity1 biosynthesis in this annual oilseed crop. To gain greater insight into this mechanism, the transcriptome profiles of seeds at different developmental stages were analyzed by 454 pyrosequencing. RESULTS: Sequencing of two normalized 454 libraries produced 831,632 clean reads. A total of 32,759 unigenes with an average length of 642  bp were obtained by de novo assembly, and 12,476 up-regulated and 12,390 down-regulated unigenes were identified in the 20 DAF (days after flowering) library compared with the 10 DAF library. Functional annotations showed that 220 genes annotated as @entity0 biosynthesis genes were up-regulated in 20 DAF sample. Among them, 47 candidate unigenes were characterized as responsible for @entity2 synthesis. To verify unigene expression levels calculated from the transcriptome analysis results, quantitative real-time PCR was performed on 11 randomly selected genes from the 220 up-regulated genes; 10 showed consistency between qRT-PCR and 454 pyrosequencing results. CONCLUSIONS: Investigation of gene expression levels revealed 32,759 genes involved in seed development, many of which showed significant changes in the 20 DAF sample compared with the 10 DAF sample. Our 454 pyrosequencing data for the camelina transcriptome provide an insight into the molecular mechanisms and regulatory pathways of @entity2 biosynthesis in camelina. The genes characterized in our research will provide candidate genes for the genetic modification of crops.

title: Mining and identification of XXXX synthesis genes active during camelina seed development using 454 pyrosequencing.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the world's most prevalent @entity2 . Accurate prediction of @entity0 outbreaks may lead to public health interventions that mitigate disease morbidity and mortality. METHODS: We describe an application of a method for creating prediction models utilizing Fuzzy Association Rule Mining to extract relationships between epidemiological, meteorological, climatic, and socio-economic data from Korea. These relationships are in the form of rules, from which the best set of rules is automatically chosen and forms a classifier. Two classifiers have been built and their results fused to become a @entity0 prediction model. Future @entity0 cases are predicted as LOW, MEDIUM or @entity3 , where these classes are defined as a total of 0-2, 3-16, and above 17 cases, respectively, for a region in South Korea during a two-week period. Based on user recommendations, @entity3 is considered an outbreak. RESULTS: Model accuracy is described by Positive Predictive Value ( @entity1 ), Sensitivity, and F-score for each class, computed on test data not previously used to develop the model. For predictions made 7-8 weeks in advance, model @entity1 and Sensitivity are 0.842 and 0.681, respectively, for the @entity3 classes. The F0.5 and F3 scores (which combine @entity1 and Sensitivity) are 0.804 and 0.694, respectively, for the @entity3 classes. The overall FARM results (as measured by F-scores) are significantly better than those obtained by Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Holt-Winters methods for the @entity3 class. For the MEDIUM class, Random Forest and FARM obtain comparable results, with FARM being better at F0.5, and Random Forest obtaining a higher F3. CONCLUSIONS: A previously described method for creating disease prediction models has been modified and extended to build models for predicting @entity0 . In addition, some new input variables were used, including indicators of intervention measures. The South Korea @entity0 prediction models predict LOW, MEDIUM or @entity3 cases 7-8 weeks in the future. This paper demonstrates that our data driven approach can be used for the prediction of different diseases.

title: Fuzzy association rule mining and classification for the prediction of XXXX in South Korea.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 is an infectious disease that can be prevented in several ways. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of sodium fluoride mouthrinse and nano- hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) for the remineralization of incipient @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: After obtaining different concentrations of nano-HA (0-2-5-10%), 60 sound premolars fixed in acrylic blocks were coated with nail polish except for one surface. Ten teeth (control group) were stored in distilled water and the remaining 50 samples were demineralized by immersion in 13 ml of 0.1 M lactic acid and 0.2% poly acrylic acid for 48 hours. Their microhardness was then measured and compared to that of the control group. Next, the 50 test teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups of group1 (negative), group 2 (2% nano-HA), group 3 (5% nano-HA), group 4(10% nano-HA) and group 5 (0.2 @entity0 mouthrinse). The microhardness of the teeth was measured after 12 hours of immersion in the above-mentioned solutions. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: Microhardness of all samples decreased significantly after immersion in the demineralization solution and increased following immersion in nano-HA and @entity0 mouthrinses; however, this increase was not statistically significant (P=0.711). CONCLUSION: Nano-HA and @entity0 mouthrinses can greatly enhance remineralization and increase tooth microhardness.

title: Comparison of nano-hydroxyapatite and sodium fluoride mouthrinse for remineralization of incipient XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The plant Salvadora persica is used for oral hygiene in many parts of the world. It has been suggested that it has antibacterial properties, in addition to its ability to mechanically remove plaques. The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of the herbal product Persica containing Salvadora persica against periodontopathogens @entity4 and @entity5 in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty @entity0 with moderate and severe @entity3 were recruited. Using paper points, @entity1 samples were taken from pockets with attachment loss >=  3mm. The samples were subjected to microbial culture to yield @entity4 and A. actinomycetemcomitans. The ditch plate method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the bacteria to Persica compared to @entity2 and distilled water. The growth inhibition zones of microorganisms around the ditches were measured in millimeters. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16. Freidman test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test with Bonferroni adjustment were used for analysis of variance with 5% significance level. P<0.05 for main comparisons and P< 0.017 for multiple comparisons were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: @entity4 was sensitive to @entity2 and persica. There was a significant difference (P=0.001) between antimicrobial activity of @entity2 (mean 28.733mm, SD 5.216) and Persica (mean 16.333mm, SD 5.259) compared to water against @entity4 . There was a significant difference (P< 0.001) between the antimicrobial activity of @entity2 (24.045mm, SD 3.897) and Persica (0.545mm, SD 2.558) with respect to A. actinomycetemcomitans. There was no significant difference (P=0.317) between the antimicrobial activity of Persica and water against A. actinomycetemcomitans. CONCLUSION: The herbal product Persica had significant antimicrobial activity against @entity4 and negligible antimicrobial activity against A. actinomycetemcomitans compared to 0.2% @entity2 .

title: Antibacterial effect of an herbal product persica on XXXX and @entity5 : an in-vitro study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The plant Salvadora persica is used for oral hygiene in many parts of the world. It has been suggested that it has antibacterial properties, in addition to its ability to mechanically remove plaques. The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of the herbal product Persica containing Salvadora persica against periodontopathogens @entity4 and @entity5 in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty @entity0 with moderate and severe @entity3 were recruited. Using paper points, @entity1 samples were taken from pockets with attachment loss >=  3mm. The samples were subjected to microbial culture to yield @entity4 and A. actinomycetemcomitans. The ditch plate method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the bacteria to Persica compared to @entity2 and distilled water. The growth inhibition zones of microorganisms around the ditches were measured in millimeters. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16. Freidman test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test with Bonferroni adjustment were used for analysis of variance with 5% significance level. P<0.05 for main comparisons and P< 0.017 for multiple comparisons were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: @entity4 was sensitive to @entity2 and persica. There was a significant difference (P=0.001) between antimicrobial activity of @entity2 (mean 28.733mm, SD 5.216) and Persica (mean 16.333mm, SD 5.259) compared to water against @entity4 . There was a significant difference (P< 0.001) between the antimicrobial activity of @entity2 (24.045mm, SD 3.897) and Persica (0.545mm, SD 2.558) with respect to A. actinomycetemcomitans. There was no significant difference (P=0.317) between the antimicrobial activity of Persica and water against A. actinomycetemcomitans. CONCLUSION: The herbal product Persica had significant antimicrobial activity against @entity4 and negligible antimicrobial activity against A. actinomycetemcomitans compared to 0.2% @entity2 .

title: Antibacterial effect of an herbal product persica on @entity4 and XXXX : an in-vitro study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity1 of the genitourinary tract is a rare pathologic entity of hitherto unknown etiology that, because of the cellular pleomorphism and the infiltrative nature of the lesion, may be mistakenly diagnosed as @entity4 or @entity5 . We retrospectively studied nine pseudosarcomatous @entity1 involving the bladder and prostate to define characteristic parameters that may allow for accurate diagnosis. The study @entity0 included four @entity0 and five @entity0 with a mean age of 48.7 years. Histologic analysis revealed @entity3 with a proliferation of spindle fibroblastic cells in a background of granulation tissue-type vascularity and inflammatory cells. Mitoses were infrequent and no atypical forms were found. Immunostaining was positive for @entity7 and smooth muscle actin, and negative for @entity9 protein, @entity8 , myoglobin, and keratin. Ultrastructurally, the lesion displayed fibroblastic and myofibroblastic cell features. Flow cytometric DNA content analysis revealed uniform DNA diploidy and a low S-phase fraction. All @entity0 were alive and well with no evidence of disease after a mean follow-up of 4.8 years. In contrast, the @entity4 and @entity5 of the @entity6 and prostate that were used as controls occurred in older @entity0 and had more frequent mitoses with atypical forms, @entity2 , and different immunostaining profiles; they were preponderantly aneuploid or diploid with high S-phase fraction. Awareness of the clinicopathologic and biologic characteristics of these lesions is necessary to ensure their accurate diagnosis and to prevent unnecessary radical therapy.

title: @entity1 of the XXXX and prostate: immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and DNA flow cytometric analyses of nine cases.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity1 of the genitourinary tract is a rare pathologic entity of hitherto unknown etiology that, because of the cellular pleomorphism and the infiltrative nature of the lesion, may be mistakenly diagnosed as @entity4 or @entity5 . We retrospectively studied nine pseudosarcomatous @entity1 involving the bladder and prostate to define characteristic parameters that may allow for accurate diagnosis. The study @entity0 included four @entity0 and five @entity0 with a mean age of 48.7 years. Histologic analysis revealed @entity3 with a proliferation of spindle fibroblastic cells in a background of granulation tissue-type vascularity and inflammatory cells. Mitoses were infrequent and no atypical forms were found. Immunostaining was positive for @entity7 and smooth muscle actin, and negative for @entity9 protein, @entity8 , myoglobin, and keratin. Ultrastructurally, the lesion displayed fibroblastic and myofibroblastic cell features. Flow cytometric DNA content analysis revealed uniform DNA diploidy and a low S-phase fraction. All @entity0 were alive and well with no evidence of disease after a mean follow-up of 4.8 years. In contrast, the @entity4 and @entity5 of the @entity6 and prostate that were used as controls occurred in older @entity0 and had more frequent mitoses with atypical forms, @entity2 , and different immunostaining profiles; they were preponderantly aneuploid or diploid with high S-phase fraction. Awareness of the clinicopathologic and biologic characteristics of these lesions is necessary to ensure their accurate diagnosis and to prevent unnecessary radical therapy.

title: XXXX of the @entity6 and prostate: immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and DNA flow cytometric analyses of nine cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thirteen proteins of natural rubber latex ( @entity5 ) known to bind @entity0 IgE have been isolated and characterized as @entity4 b allergens. However, the in vivo importance of native @entity4 b allergens has not been defined in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with natural rubber latex (NRL) @entity2 . OBJECTIVES: The principal aim of this study was to identify the major in vivo @entity4 b allergens in @entity1 with NRL @entity2 confirmed by percutaneous sensitivity to nonammoniated latex (NAL). METHODS: Skin prick testing was performed with 7 (native) proteins purified from NAL ( @entity4 b 1, 2, 3, 4, 6.01, 7.01, and a newly described @entity4 b 13) and recombinant @entity4 b 5 in 62 @entity1 with histories of NRL @entity2 (group 1) confirmed by percutaneous reactivity to NAL and in 49 @entity3 without NRL @entity2 (group 2). Serial 10-fold concentrations of @entity4 b proteins (5 x 10(-5) microg/mL to 50 microg/mL) were tested; serum samples of subjects were assayed for serum specific IgE by immunoassays. RESULTS: @entity4 b 2, @entity4 b 5, @entity4 b 6.01, and @entity4 b 13 produced skin reactions in more than 60% of group 1 subjects, with @entity4 b 1, 3, 4, and 7.01 eliciting reactions in less than 50%. Only 1 of 49 group 2 workers reacted to a single Hev b antigen ( @entity4 b 13). Specificity of 7 @entity4 b allergens was 100% and 98% for @entity4 b 13 in identifying workers with confirmed NRL @entity2 . Specific IgE by AlaSTAT and CAP immunoassays was elevated in 40 of 60 (67%) and 33 of 62 (53%) of NAL-reactive workers and produced false-positive test results in 4 of 49 (8%) and 3 of 48 (6%) group 2 subjects, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity4 b 2, 5, and 6.01 are major in vivo allergens and @entity4 b 13 is a new major in vivo allergen among @entity1 with @entity2 to NRL.

title: In vivo sensitization to purified XXXX proteins in @entity1 sensitized to natural rubber latex.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thirteen proteins of natural rubber latex ( @entity5 ) known to bind @entity0 IgE have been isolated and characterized as @entity4 b allergens. However, the in vivo importance of native @entity4 b allergens has not been defined in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with natural rubber latex (NRL) @entity2 . OBJECTIVES: The principal aim of this study was to identify the major in vivo @entity4 b allergens in @entity1 with NRL @entity2 confirmed by percutaneous sensitivity to nonammoniated latex (NAL). METHODS: Skin prick testing was performed with 7 (native) proteins purified from NAL ( @entity4 b 1, 2, 3, 4, 6.01, 7.01, and a newly described @entity4 b 13) and recombinant @entity4 b 5 in 62 @entity1 with histories of NRL @entity2 (group 1) confirmed by percutaneous reactivity to NAL and in 49 @entity3 without NRL @entity2 (group 2). Serial 10-fold concentrations of @entity4 b proteins (5 x 10(-5) microg/mL to 50 microg/mL) were tested; serum samples of subjects were assayed for serum specific IgE by immunoassays. RESULTS: @entity4 b 2, @entity4 b 5, @entity4 b 6.01, and @entity4 b 13 produced skin reactions in more than 60% of group 1 subjects, with @entity4 b 1, 3, 4, and 7.01 eliciting reactions in less than 50%. Only 1 of 49 group 2 workers reacted to a single Hev b antigen ( @entity4 b 13). Specificity of 7 @entity4 b allergens was 100% and 98% for @entity4 b 13 in identifying workers with confirmed NRL @entity2 . Specific IgE by AlaSTAT and CAP immunoassays was elevated in 40 of 60 (67%) and 33 of 62 (53%) of NAL-reactive workers and produced false-positive test results in 4 of 49 (8%) and 3 of 48 (6%) group 2 subjects, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity4 b 2, 5, and 6.01 are major in vivo allergens and @entity4 b 13 is a new major in vivo allergen among @entity1 with @entity2 to NRL.

title: In vivo sensitization to purified @entity5 proteins in XXXX sensitized to natural rubber latex.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the past, the diagnosis of chronic @entity6 , an important cause of @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 , relied upon @entity3 ( @entity3 ). In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of the light microscopic (LM) diagnosis of @entity6 was determined. METHODS: Thirty-four consecutive jejunal biopsies from @entity2 @entity0 were evaluated at St. Luke's-Roosevelt and George Washington University Hospital Centers by several light microscopic stains, including @entity4 and @entity5 , Gram stain, Giemsa stain, chromotrope 2R modified-trichrome stain, and Giemsa stain of mucosal touch preparations (TP). The results were compared to @entity3 , as the gold standard, and to estimates of parasite burden from plastic section light microscopy and TP. RESULTS: @entity6 was diagnosed by @entity3 in 15 cases. The diagnosis also was reached by light microscopy in most cases. The sensitivities and negative predictive values of the different techniques ranged from 57% to 88%, while the specificities and positive predictive values ranged from 94% to 100%. All stains gave concordant results in 23 of 34 cases. The parasite burden was lower by @entity3 (p < 0.05) and TP in cases with discordant (false-negative) results than in those with concordant results, suggesting that a false-negative diagnosis is related to a low parasite burden. CONCLUSION: It should be possible to render the diagnosis of @entity6 by LM in most cases. @entity3 may be needed for the minority of cases with low parasite burden.

title: Light microscopic diagnosis of XXXX in @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the past, the diagnosis of chronic @entity6 , an important cause of @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 , relied upon @entity3 ( @entity3 ). In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of the light microscopic (LM) diagnosis of @entity6 was determined. METHODS: Thirty-four consecutive jejunal biopsies from @entity2 @entity0 were evaluated at St. Luke's-Roosevelt and George Washington University Hospital Centers by several light microscopic stains, including @entity4 and @entity5 , Gram stain, Giemsa stain, chromotrope 2R modified-trichrome stain, and Giemsa stain of mucosal touch preparations (TP). The results were compared to @entity3 , as the gold standard, and to estimates of parasite burden from plastic section light microscopy and TP. RESULTS: @entity6 was diagnosed by @entity3 in 15 cases. The diagnosis also was reached by light microscopy in most cases. The sensitivities and negative predictive values of the different techniques ranged from 57% to 88%, while the specificities and positive predictive values ranged from 94% to 100%. All stains gave concordant results in 23 of 34 cases. The parasite burden was lower by @entity3 (p < 0.05) and TP in cases with discordant (false-negative) results than in those with concordant results, suggesting that a false-negative diagnosis is related to a low parasite burden. CONCLUSION: It should be possible to render the diagnosis of @entity6 by LM in most cases. @entity3 may be needed for the minority of cases with low parasite burden.

title: Light microscopic diagnosis of @entity6 in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the past, the diagnosis of chronic @entity6 , an important cause of @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 , relied upon @entity3 ( @entity3 ). In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of the light microscopic (LM) diagnosis of @entity6 was determined. METHODS: Thirty-four consecutive jejunal biopsies from @entity2 @entity0 were evaluated at St. Luke's-Roosevelt and George Washington University Hospital Centers by several light microscopic stains, including @entity4 and @entity5 , Gram stain, Giemsa stain, chromotrope 2R modified-trichrome stain, and Giemsa stain of mucosal touch preparations (TP). The results were compared to @entity3 , as the gold standard, and to estimates of parasite burden from plastic section light microscopy and TP. RESULTS: @entity6 was diagnosed by @entity3 in 15 cases. The diagnosis also was reached by light microscopy in most cases. The sensitivities and negative predictive values of the different techniques ranged from 57% to 88%, while the specificities and positive predictive values ranged from 94% to 100%. All stains gave concordant results in 23 of 34 cases. The parasite burden was lower by @entity3 (p < 0.05) and TP in cases with discordant (false-negative) results than in those with concordant results, suggesting that a false-negative diagnosis is related to a low parasite burden. CONCLUSION: It should be possible to render the diagnosis of @entity6 by LM in most cases. @entity3 may be needed for the minority of cases with low parasite burden.

title: Light microscopic diagnosis of @entity6 in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: To study the long-term clinical course and outcomes of @entity3 , 8 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 were observed for more than 12 years (mean, 20 years). Retrospective examination was performed, particularly with respect to clinical features at each episode. The overall course of each case was classified as one of the following three types: Type I--"Recurrent @entity4 state" type. @entity0 frequently repeated acute transient @entity4 or dream-like states in a similar way, sometimes and/or for part of the episode accompanied by a floating @entity5 state. Duration of @entity3 was short, persisting for a few days to about one month. Type II--" @entity6 similar" type. After a long course of disease, the predominantly early middle-aged @entity0 (30- to 40 years-old) demonstrated fewer original characteristic features of acute @entity4 or dream-like states. Instead, @entity1 or @entity2 episodes tended to predominate. Duration of @entity3 exceeded the duration of type I episodes, to a maximum of about 3 months. Type III--"Appearance of residual state" type. After several episodes characterized by transient @entity4 state during middle age, residual states consisting of a slight @entity2 state, reduced spontaneity and flattening of emotions appear. These states become durable and the periodicity of the disease disappeared. We conclude that the core group of @entity3 @entity0 presents with @entity4 symptoms as a clinical feature of episodes, and with the recurrent @entity4 state type representing the long-term clinical course. "Shift to @entity6 similar" and "appearance of residual state" types were considered to be derived from the core group, according to the interplay of personality structure and viable dynamics.

title: [Classification of long-term clinical course of ' XXXX ': a 20-year follow-up study at a medical school hospital].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Doping of size mismatched aliovalent ions is challenging due to the associated elastic and electronic stress making the thermodynamics unfavorable. Despite such features, its utilization may be viable if such systems can be made metastable by suppressing the kinetics of phase segregation. In light of such a possibility, we utilize sol-gel synthesis for preparing a size mismatched trivalent @entity1 doped @entity0 system, which can be potentially used in optical applications. It is found that such a doped system can be metastabilized and the extent of metastability can be correlated with critical temperature (Tc) required for phase segregation which decreases with the dopant concentration. For x = 0.005, 0.01, and 0.02, Tc is above 1200   C, 500-800   C and less than 500   C, respectively. As the synthesis temperature is 500   C, these trends in critical temperatures make it impossible to metastabilize @entity1 in @entity0 with x > 0.01. Doping is evident from X-ray diffraction data, excitation spectra, high resolution emission spectra, and luminescence lifetimes. A characteristic strong red emission of @entity2 has been observed via energy transfer from the @entity0 matrix to @entity2 . Density functional theory based simulations suggest stabilization of @entity2 in @entity0 at lower doping concentration through the formation of cation vacancies which is also evident from optical studies. Furthermore, thin films deposited using the e-beam evaporation technique from the (x = 0.005) system show UV sensitized emission with CIE coordinates (0.26, 0.21).

title: Kinetically stabilized aliovalent XXXX -doped magnesium oxide as a UV sensitized phosphor.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Highly purified astrocyte cultures from @entity0 embryonic brain were examined for their capacity to present antigen to human @entity9 compatible, cytolytic @entity4 + T lymphocytes. Most astrocytes constitutively expressed HLA class I products and @entity10 ( @entity10 ). Constitutive expression of HLA class II, @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was lower and varied among different cultures, while @entity8 ( @entity8 ) was absent. @entity3 alone or in combination with @entity2 strongly enhanced expression of HLA class I, HLA-DR, -DP, -DQ, @entity5 and @entity6 , but did not affect expression of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and @entity10 ( @entity10 ). @entity2 alone induced only HLA class I and @entity6 , but not HLA class II or @entity5 . Cytokine treated, but not untreated astrocytes were able to present protein (auto-)antigens to specific T lymphocyte lines. Astrocytes expressing appropriate major histocompatibility complex class II products were lysed by @entity4 + T cells specific for @entity7 or @entity1 toxoid. The lytic response was antigen dose dependent and HLA-DR restricted. It could be blocked by antibodies against HLA-DR determinants and against the adhesion molecules @entity5 and @entity6 . In remarkable contrast to their susceptibility to T cell lysis, antigen presenting astrocytes were not only completely unable to induce T cell proliferation but even inhibited proliferation. The results indicate that, although @entity0 astrocytes have the potential to present protein antigens to @entity4 + T cells, they do not induce the co-stimulatory factors required to trigger the complete T cell activation programme.

title: XXXX astrocytes are only partially competent antigen presenting cells. Possible implications for lesion development in multiple sclerosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity9 is one of the major @entity5 caused by @entity7 ( @entity7 ) treatments to the head and neck. The clinical efficacy of @entity11 (Carafate R) mouthwash for @entity4 @entity0 (HNC) is not consistent across studies. In this study, it was hypothesized that if the particles in the original @entity11 suspension were micronized (i.e., < or = 25 microns) then the coating action of the mouthwash in the @entity8 would be enhanced. The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the efficacy of micronized @entity11 (Carafate R) mouthwash and salt _ soda mouthwash in terms of the severity of the @entity2 , the severity of @entity6 , and the time required to heal @entity7 -induced @entity2 in @entity0 with HNC. Severe @entity2 and @entity6 can interfere with the ingestion of food and fluids, so @entity0 ' body weights were measured as well. All @entity0 in this randomized clinical trial carried out a systematic oral hygiene protocol called the PRO-SELF: Mouth Aware (PSMA) Program. @entity0 who developed @entity7 -induced @entity2 anytime during their course of @entity7 were randomized to one of the two mouthwashes and followed to the completion of @entity7 and at one month following @entity7 . Two referral sites were used for the study. Repeated measures occurred with the following instruments/variables: MacDibbs Mouth Assessment and weight. @entity3 , and @entity1 treatment information was also obtained. Thirty @entity0 successfully completed the study. The typical @entity0 was male (70%), married/partnered (70%), White (63%), not working or retired (73%), and had an average of 14.5 years of education (SD = 3.7). T-tests and Chi-square analyses with an alpha set at 0.05 were used to compare differences between the two mouthwashes. No significant differences were found in the number of days to onset of @entity2 (i.e., 16 +/- 8.4 days). When @entity0 had their worst MacDibbs score, (i.e., the most severe @entity2 ), there were no significant differences between the mouthwashes as to MacDibbs score, the @entity7 dose received, or ratings of @entity6 (upon swallowing). Similarly, at the end of @entity7 , no significant differences were found between mouthwashes as to MacDibbs scores or ratings of @entity6 (upon swallowing). At the one-month follow-up assessment no significant differences were found between the mouthwashes in MacDibbs scores or @entity6 ratings (upon swallowing). The analysis of the efficacy of the two mouthwashes revealed no significant differences in the time to heal (in days) from the @entity7 -induced @entity2 . The findings from this trial provide important clinical information regarding cost analysis of @entity10 management. Given that there is no significant difference in efficacy between micronized @entity11 and salt _ soda, use of the less costly salt _ soda is prudent and cost-effective.

title: Radiation-induced XXXX : a randomized clinical trial of micronized @entity11 versus salt _ soda mouthwashes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity9 is one of the major @entity5 caused by @entity7 ( @entity7 ) treatments to the head and neck. The clinical efficacy of @entity11 (Carafate R) mouthwash for @entity4 @entity0 (HNC) is not consistent across studies. In this study, it was hypothesized that if the particles in the original @entity11 suspension were micronized (i.e., < or = 25 microns) then the coating action of the mouthwash in the @entity8 would be enhanced. The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the efficacy of micronized @entity11 (Carafate R) mouthwash and salt _ soda mouthwash in terms of the severity of the @entity2 , the severity of @entity6 , and the time required to heal @entity7 -induced @entity2 in @entity0 with HNC. Severe @entity2 and @entity6 can interfere with the ingestion of food and fluids, so @entity0 ' body weights were measured as well. All @entity0 in this randomized clinical trial carried out a systematic oral hygiene protocol called the PRO-SELF: Mouth Aware (PSMA) Program. @entity0 who developed @entity7 -induced @entity2 anytime during their course of @entity7 were randomized to one of the two mouthwashes and followed to the completion of @entity7 and at one month following @entity7 . Two referral sites were used for the study. Repeated measures occurred with the following instruments/variables: MacDibbs Mouth Assessment and weight. @entity3 , and @entity1 treatment information was also obtained. Thirty @entity0 successfully completed the study. The typical @entity0 was male (70%), married/partnered (70%), White (63%), not working or retired (73%), and had an average of 14.5 years of education (SD = 3.7). T-tests and Chi-square analyses with an alpha set at 0.05 were used to compare differences between the two mouthwashes. No significant differences were found in the number of days to onset of @entity2 (i.e., 16 +/- 8.4 days). When @entity0 had their worst MacDibbs score, (i.e., the most severe @entity2 ), there were no significant differences between the mouthwashes as to MacDibbs score, the @entity7 dose received, or ratings of @entity6 (upon swallowing). Similarly, at the end of @entity7 , no significant differences were found between mouthwashes as to MacDibbs scores or ratings of @entity6 (upon swallowing). At the one-month follow-up assessment no significant differences were found between the mouthwashes in MacDibbs scores or @entity6 ratings (upon swallowing). The analysis of the efficacy of the two mouthwashes revealed no significant differences in the time to heal (in days) from the @entity7 -induced @entity2 . The findings from this trial provide important clinical information regarding cost analysis of @entity10 management. Given that there is no significant difference in efficacy between micronized @entity11 and salt _ soda, use of the less costly salt _ soda is prudent and cost-effective.

title: Radiation-induced @entity2 : a randomized clinical trial of micronized XXXX versus salt _ soda mouthwashes.

answer: @entity11


abstract: A high performance liquid chromatographic method with quaternary gradient elution and fluorometric detection was developed for profiling of @entity4 (TRP), @entity5 , @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity6 ) in urine, platelet-rich plasma and ( @entity1 ) tissue of @entity0 with @entity1 . Prior to injection, urine samples were diluted and filtered. Platelet-rich plasma and tissue homogenates were prepurified by C18 solid phase extraction. Detection limits were approx. 2 pmol. Results of urinary @entity2 and @entity6 compared favourably with those of single component analyses. No consistent diurnal variations were found for TRP, @entity2 and @entity6 in 12-h urine samples from 15 healthy adults. Abstinence of @entity2 -rich foods reduced urinary levels of @entity2 and @entity6 . C18 extraction of @entity7 from protein-containing matrices was studied in platelet-rich plasma. Although time-consuming and complicated for daily routine use, the present approach offers particular advantages over single component analyses in the study of TRP metabolism in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: High performance liquid chromatographic profiling of XXXX and related indoles in body fluids and tissues of carcinoid @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A high performance liquid chromatographic method with quaternary gradient elution and fluorometric detection was developed for profiling of @entity4 (TRP), @entity5 , @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity6 ) in urine, platelet-rich plasma and ( @entity1 ) tissue of @entity0 with @entity1 . Prior to injection, urine samples were diluted and filtered. Platelet-rich plasma and tissue homogenates were prepurified by C18 solid phase extraction. Detection limits were approx. 2 pmol. Results of urinary @entity2 and @entity6 compared favourably with those of single component analyses. No consistent diurnal variations were found for TRP, @entity2 and @entity6 in 12-h urine samples from 15 healthy adults. Abstinence of @entity2 -rich foods reduced urinary levels of @entity2 and @entity6 . C18 extraction of @entity7 from protein-containing matrices was studied in platelet-rich plasma. Although time-consuming and complicated for daily routine use, the present approach offers particular advantages over single component analyses in the study of TRP metabolism in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: High performance liquid chromatographic profiling of @entity4 and related indoles in body fluids and tissues of carcinoid XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the barriers that make it difficult for the health care professionals (physicians, nurses and health care managers) to achieve a better control for @entity1 in Spain. METHODS: The study has an observational design and was performed using the modified Delphi technique. One hundred and forty-nine panel members from medicine, nursing and health care management fields and from different Spanish regions were selected randomly and were invited to participate. Individual and anonymous opinions were asked by answering a 42-items questionnaire via e-mail (two rounds were done). Level of agreement was assessed using measures of central tendency and dispersion. We analysed commonalities/differences between the three groups (Kappa index and McNemar chi-square). RESULTS: Response rate: 81%. The agreement index was 33.3 (95% CI: 18.9-47.7). Regarding the non-compliance with therapy, it improves with @entity0 education degree in @entity1 , @entity0 motivation, the agreement on decisions with the @entity0 and with the use of cardiovascular risk measure and it gets worse with lack of information on the objectives to achieve. Clinical inertia improves with professional's motivation, cardiovascular risk calculation, training on objectives and the use of indicators and it gets worse with lack of treatment goals. CONCLUSION: Different perceptions and attitudes between medicine, nursing and health care management were found. An agreement in interventions in non-compliance and clinical inertia to @entity1 control was reached.

title: Identifying the barriers to improve the XXXX control: a Delphi survey of a multidisciplinary panel.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Wound infections and @entity2 formations are important problems in @entity5 repair operations using synthetic mesh grafts. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the use of synthetic mesh soaked in @entity3 solution on the rate of graft @entity1 . The total number of subjects was 52. The subjects were randomized into 2 groups using a software program. Group 1 (n = 26) was the control group. In group 2 (n = 26), synthetic mesh was soaked in a @entity3 solution before it was implanted. The @entity0 were compared with respect to demographic characteristics and preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the available variables. @entity2 development was significantly more common in group 2 (P < 0.041). Three @entity0 (5.7%) developed @entity4 , and 9 (17%) developed @entity1 . No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of @entity1 . The use of synthetic mesh soaked in @entity3 solution had no beneficial effects on the rate of wound-site @entity1 . Future randomized, controlled, large-scale studies using the same mesh and suture types, and meshes soaked in larger spectrum antibiotics are needed.

title: The Effect of the Use of Synthetic Mesh Soaked in Antibiotic Solution on the Rate of Graft Infection in XXXX : A Prospective Randomized Study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have developed a novel test for the surgical margin of @entity1 using a cytologic technique (the run-across method in which a glass slide is run across the staple site), and we have assessed whether this method is useful in predicting margin relapse and prognosis. METHODS: From April 1996 to March 1999, 15 lesions of stage I @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (maximum diameter ranged from 10 to 35 mm with a median of 20 mm) from 15 @entity0 with @entity2 were excised without additional proximal resections. The surgical margin was examined using the run-across method. There were 8 male 7 female @entity0 whose ages ranged from 51 to 80 years. One @entity0 underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery and 14 underwent thoracotomy. The preoperative diagnoses of the @entity0 were 13 @entity3 , @entity4 , and 1 undiagnosed lesion (1 @entity3 ). The follow-up period ranged from 37 to 63 months. RESULTS: The rate of positive cytology was 47% in comparison with the rate of positive histology of 20%. There were 4 @entity0 with margin relapse (3 of them contained negative histology margins) at a rate of 57% among the positive cytology @entity0 in comparison with 0% among the negative cytology @entity0 (p = 0.03). In a comparison of survival between the negative cytology group and the positive cytology group, there were no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: The run-across method is also useful in confirming complete resection. A positive cytology margin could lead to margin relapse even if a @entity5 is resected with a negative histology margin.

title: Cytologically malignant margins of wedge resected stage I XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-term follow-up of @entity0 who underwent @entity6 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has rarely been brought into the focus. METHODS: Of 299 @entity0 who underwent an arterial switch operation between January 1991 and January 2001, 23 @entity0 had anatomic @entity5 . Age ranged from 4 days to 18 years (median 90 days) and weight ranged from 2.6 to 35 kg (median 4.3 kg). Surgical management included arterial switch operation, closure of @entity4 wherever indicated, and excision of @entity5 . RESULTS: Among @entity0 with preoperative @entity5 there were 2 early deaths and 8 @entity0 had mild @entity2 at the time of discharge. Follow-up ranged from 8 months to 9 years (mean 60 +/- 12 months). In 4 @entity0 who had mild @entity2 at discharge, the regurgitation progressed to moderate or severe degree after a follow-up of 22 to 72 months. In 1 @entity0 mild @entity3 present at the time of discharge progressed to severe @entity3 . This @entity0 subsequently underwent double valve replacement. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of preoperative anatomical @entity5 in @entity0 undergoing arterial switch operation predicts high incidence of @entity1 .

title: Late outcome after @entity6 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-term follow-up of @entity0 who underwent @entity6 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has rarely been brought into the focus. METHODS: Of 299 @entity0 who underwent an arterial switch operation between January 1991 and January 2001, 23 @entity0 had anatomic @entity5 . Age ranged from 4 days to 18 years (median 90 days) and weight ranged from 2.6 to 35 kg (median 4.3 kg). Surgical management included arterial switch operation, closure of @entity4 wherever indicated, and excision of @entity5 . RESULTS: Among @entity0 with preoperative @entity5 there were 2 early deaths and 8 @entity0 had mild @entity2 at the time of discharge. Follow-up ranged from 8 months to 9 years (mean 60 +/- 12 months). In 4 @entity0 who had mild @entity2 at discharge, the regurgitation progressed to moderate or severe degree after a follow-up of 22 to 72 months. In 1 @entity0 mild @entity3 present at the time of discharge progressed to severe @entity3 . This @entity0 subsequently underwent double valve replacement. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of preoperative anatomical @entity5 in @entity0 undergoing arterial switch operation predicts high incidence of @entity1 .

title: Late outcome after XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity3 , the predominant cause of chronic airway infections of @entity0 with @entity4 , exhibits extensive phenotypic diversity among isolates within and between sputum samples, but little is known about the underlying genetic diversity. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the population genetic structure of transmissible @entity3 Liverpool Epidemic Strain in chronic infections of nine @entity0 with @entity4 , and infer evolutionary processes associated with adaptation to the @entity1 . METHODS: We performed whole-genome sequencing of @entity3 isolates and pooled populations and used comparative analyses of genome sequences including phylogenetic reconstructions and resolution of population structure from genome-wide allele frequencies. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Genome sequences were obtained for 360 isolates from nine @entity0 . Phylogenetic reconstruction of the ancestry of 40 individually sequenced isolates from one @entity0 sputum sample revealed the coexistence of two genetically diverged, recombining lineages exchanging potentially adaptive mutations. Analysis of population samples for eight additional @entity0 indicated coexisting lineages in six cases. Reconstruction of the ancestry of individually sequenced isolates from all @entity0 indicated smaller genetic distances between than within @entity0 in most cases. CONCLUSIONS: Our population-level analysis demonstrates that coexistence of distinct lineages of @entity3 Liverpool Epidemic Strain within individuals is common. In several cases, coexisting lineages may have been present in the infecting inoculum or assembled through multiple transmissions. Divergent lineages can share mutations via homologous recombination, potentially aiding adaptation to the airway during @entity2 . The genetic diversity of this transmissible strain within infections, revealed by high-resolution genomics, has implications for @entity0 segregation and therapeutic strategies.

title: Divergent, Coexisting @entity3 Lineages in Chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity3 , the predominant cause of chronic airway infections of @entity0 with @entity4 , exhibits extensive phenotypic diversity among isolates within and between sputum samples, but little is known about the underlying genetic diversity. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the population genetic structure of transmissible @entity3 Liverpool Epidemic Strain in chronic infections of nine @entity0 with @entity4 , and infer evolutionary processes associated with adaptation to the @entity1 . METHODS: We performed whole-genome sequencing of @entity3 isolates and pooled populations and used comparative analyses of genome sequences including phylogenetic reconstructions and resolution of population structure from genome-wide allele frequencies. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Genome sequences were obtained for 360 isolates from nine @entity0 . Phylogenetic reconstruction of the ancestry of 40 individually sequenced isolates from one @entity0 sputum sample revealed the coexistence of two genetically diverged, recombining lineages exchanging potentially adaptive mutations. Analysis of population samples for eight additional @entity0 indicated coexisting lineages in six cases. Reconstruction of the ancestry of individually sequenced isolates from all @entity0 indicated smaller genetic distances between than within @entity0 in most cases. CONCLUSIONS: Our population-level analysis demonstrates that coexistence of distinct lineages of @entity3 Liverpool Epidemic Strain within individuals is common. In several cases, coexisting lineages may have been present in the infecting inoculum or assembled through multiple transmissions. Divergent lineages can share mutations via homologous recombination, potentially aiding adaptation to the airway during @entity2 . The genetic diversity of this transmissible strain within infections, revealed by high-resolution genomics, has implications for @entity0 segregation and therapeutic strategies.

title: Divergent, Coexisting XXXX Lineages in Chronic @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In @entity0 , galanin is colocalized in GnRH neurons, and galanin mRNA in GnRH neurons is increased coincidentally with the preovulatory gonadotropin surge. Whether the induction of galanin mRNA in GnRH neurons at proestrus reflects the action of sex @entity3 is unknown. We tested this hypothesis by challenging ovariectomized @entity0 (n = 7) with @entity2 and @entity4 (E/P) to induce a LH surge and measuring galanin mRNA in GnRH neurons to determine whether there was an associated induction of galanin message in these cells. We used single and double label in situ hybridization and image analysis to compare among groups the levels of both galanin mRNA and GnRH mRNA in GnRH neurons. We found that @entity1 -primed animals showed an approximately 400% induction of galanin mRNA signal in GnRH neurons over that in vehicle-treated animals. Second, we hypothesized that @entity1 -dependent events which induce the expression of galanin mRNA in GnRH neurons depend on transsynaptic input to GnRH neurons. We tested this hypothesis by examining the effect of a pharmacological blockade of the @entity1 -induced activation of GnRH neurons on levels of galanin mRNA in these cells. We killed groups of ovariectomized adult female @entity0 at the peak of a E/P-primed LH surge (n = 7) and after @entity1 priming followed by blockade of the LH surge with either the general anesthetic @entity5 (n = 7) or the specific alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker @entity6 (n = 7). When we examined signal levels representing galanin mRNA content in GnRH neurons, we observed a 4-fold increase in signal for galanin mRNA in the GnRH neurons of @entity1 -primed (E/P surge) animals compared with that in oil-treated controls (P < 0.0004). This increase in galanin mRNA was prevented when the LH surge was blocked by treatment with either @entity5 or @entity6 (P < 0.03 and P < 0.0001 vs. E/P surge controls, respectively). Cellular levels of GnRH mRNA were not different among control, E/P, and E/P plus @entity5 groups (P > 0.2). These observations suggest that an increase in galanin mRNA levels in GnRH neurons is tightly coupled to the occurrence of a LH surge. By inference, induction of galanin mRNA in GnRH neurons reflects their activation, possibly via afferent neurons that transduce the @entity1 signal to GnRH neurons.

title: Activation-dependent regulation of galanin gene expression in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the female XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is associated with increased risk of @entity1 . Determining a @entity0 's risk and appropriate timing of gonadectomy is challenging, but immunohistochemical markers (IHM) may help establish the diagnosis of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Our objective was to identify the prevalence of specific IHM expression in @entity0 with @entity3 and determine if the patterns of expression can help identify @entity1 versus pre- @entity1 state. We evaluated the published literature using the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to provide recommendations on the predictive role of IHM in the detection of germ cell @entity1 . METHODS: The data for this retrospective study included karyotype, gonadal location, external masculinization score, age at time of gonadectomy or biopsy, microscopic description and diagnosis of gonadal tissue, and immunohistochemical staining, including @entity7 , @entity11 ( @entity11 ), @entity6 , @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and stem cell factor receptor @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity0 with complete or partial @entity3 who had undergone gonadectomy or gonadal tissue biopsy were included. RESULTS: The study included 26 @entity0 with @entity3 , 3 of whom had evidence of @entity5 (11.5  %, @entity10 , @entity9 ): 2 had @entity8 , 1 had 46,XY partial @entity3 . One @entity0 with XY partial @entity3 had @entity10 -like tissue. All 4 @entity0 (15  %) had strong expressions of 4 @entity1 markers ( @entity7 , @entity11 , @entity6 , @entity4 ), as did 5 other @entity0 (19  %, ages 2-14 months) without @entity5 : 4 had XY @entity3 , 1 had 46,XX @entity3 . @entity6 was expressed in 96  % of @entity0 in a cytoplasmic pattern, @entity4 in 78  %, @entity7 in 55  %, @entity11 in 37  %, and @entity2 in 1 @entity0 (4  %). Tumor marker expression was not specific for ruling out @entity1 in @entity0 <1  year. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 older than 1  year, expression of all three markers ( @entity7 , @entity11 , @entity4 ) may be instrumental in the decision-making process for gonadectomy, even in the absence of overt germ cell @entity1 . Our literature review suggests that @entity7 expression is most helpful in predicting risk of @entity1 . Additional criteria are needed to stratify risk in @entity0 younger than 1  year of age, as these markers are not reliable in that age group.

title: Association of immunohistochemical markers with premalignancy in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the Association between @entity2 gene @entity3 polymorphism of Chinese and body composition together with its response to endurance training. METHOD: 102 biologically unrelated Han nationality male new recruits from northern China volunteered to execute a 5000-m running programme, and the intensity is 95-105% individual @entity1 threshold. The protocol was lasted for 18 weeks, three times per week. The body composition index, including body @entity0 ( @entity0 )   lean body @entity0 (LBW), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (Fat%), was measured before and after training. PCR-RFLP was used to detect the @entity2 gene @entity3 polymorphism. RESULTS: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed for the frequency of genotypes in these subjects. Before training, @entity0 , BMI and Fat% in KK group were significantly higher than those in EE and KK group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). There was no significant difference in LBW among groups (P>0.05). After training, the changes of all body composition index in KK group were bigger significantly greater than those in EE and EK groups (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity2 gene @entity3 polymorphism might contribute to individual body composition together with its response to endurance training. The body fat content at baseline in KK was more than those in EE and EK groups, and it may hinder that individual to eliminate their body fat during endurance training.

title: Association Between XXXX Gene @entity3 Polymorphism and Body Composition Together with its Response to Endurance Training.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the Association between @entity2 gene @entity3 polymorphism of Chinese and body composition together with its response to endurance training. METHOD: 102 biologically unrelated Han nationality male new recruits from northern China volunteered to execute a 5000-m running programme, and the intensity is 95-105% individual @entity1 threshold. The protocol was lasted for 18 weeks, three times per week. The body composition index, including body @entity0 ( @entity0 )   lean body @entity0 (LBW), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (Fat%), was measured before and after training. PCR-RFLP was used to detect the @entity2 gene @entity3 polymorphism. RESULTS: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed for the frequency of genotypes in these subjects. Before training, @entity0 , BMI and Fat% in KK group were significantly higher than those in EE and KK group (p<0.05 or p<0.01). There was no significant difference in LBW among groups (P>0.05). After training, the changes of all body composition index in KK group were bigger significantly greater than those in EE and EK groups (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity2 gene @entity3 polymorphism might contribute to individual body composition together with its response to endurance training. The body fat content at baseline in KK was more than those in EE and EK groups, and it may hinder that individual to eliminate their body fat during endurance training.

title: Association Between @entity2 Gene XXXX Polymorphism and Body Composition Together with its Response to Endurance Training.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy using the protein-coding @entity3 (Mtcyb) gene was assessed in laboratory @entity1 (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) exposed to the Chernobyl environment. Subacute to subchronic (30-40 days) exposure resulted in a cumulative radiation dose of 1.2-1.6 Gy ( approximately 0.04 Gy/day). @entity1 were sampled prior to introduction into the enclosures and again after removal from the enclosures. @entity2 variation (site heteroplasmy) in 306 pre-exposure Mtcyb gene copies (122400 base pairs) was compared to variation in 354 postexposure gene copies (141600 base pairs). Five mutant copies, each characterized by a single @entity2 substitution, were observed (four in the pre-exposure samples, one in a postexposure sample). The frequencies of mutant gene copies and @entity2 substitutions in pre-exposure and postexposure samples were not significantly different. This suggests that this type of exposure (i.e. low dose rate) does not pose a significant mutation risk to the Mtcyb gene in digit tissue. Furthermore, no significant radiation risk to analogous @entity0 tissues may exist when occupational exposures involve low dose rates such as these. Finally, linear, cumulative models of genetic risk currently used to estimate radiation-induced effects are likely to be inappropriate for low-dose-rate exposures and need to be re-evaluated critically.

title: Mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy in laboratory XXXX experimentally enclosed in the radioactive Chernobyl environment.

answer: @entity1