abstract: UNASSIGNED: In the treatment of @entity7 , reduction of sympathetic stress and @entity11 release is an important therapeutic goal. One method used to achieve this goal is @entity4 reduction through the systemic administration of analgesia. Historically, @entity9 has been the analgesic of choice in @entity2 @entity4 . This randomized double-blind controlled trial seeks to prove the utility of @entity10 as an alternate first-line analgesic for @entity6 in the prehospital setting. Successive @entity0 who were treated for suspected @entity2 @entity6 in the emergency medical services system were considered eligible. Once @entity6 was confirmed, @entity0 received @entity1 , @entity3 , and @entity8 therapy. If the @entity6 continued the @entity0 was randomized in a double-blinded fashion to treatment with either @entity9 or @entity10 . @entity4 scale scores, necessity for additional dosing, and rate of adverse events between the groups were assessed every 5 minutes and were compared using t-testing, Fisher's Exact test, or Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) where appropriate. The primary outcome of the study was incidence of @entity5 and the secondary outcome was @entity4 reduction as measured by the visual analog score and numeric rating score. A total of 207 @entity0 were randomized with 187 @entity0 included in the final analysis. Of the 187 @entity0 , 99 were in the @entity9 group and 88 in the @entity10 group. No statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to @entity5 was found ( @entity9 5.1% vs. @entity10 0%, p = 0.06). Baseline characteristics, necessity for additional dosing, and other adverse events between the two groups were not statistically different. There were no significant differences between the changes in visual analog scores and numeric rating scale scores for @entity4 between the two groups (p = 0.16 and p = 0.15, respectively). This study supports that @entity10 and @entity9 are comparable in providing analgesia for @entity6 . @entity10 appears to be a safe and effective alternative to @entity9 for the management of @entity6 in the prehospital setting.

title: Comparison of @entity10 and XXXX in the Prehospital Treatment of @entity6 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In the treatment of @entity7 , reduction of sympathetic stress and @entity11 release is an important therapeutic goal. One method used to achieve this goal is @entity4 reduction through the systemic administration of analgesia. Historically, @entity9 has been the analgesic of choice in @entity2 @entity4 . This randomized double-blind controlled trial seeks to prove the utility of @entity10 as an alternate first-line analgesic for @entity6 in the prehospital setting. Successive @entity0 who were treated for suspected @entity2 @entity6 in the emergency medical services system were considered eligible. Once @entity6 was confirmed, @entity0 received @entity1 , @entity3 , and @entity8 therapy. If the @entity6 continued the @entity0 was randomized in a double-blinded fashion to treatment with either @entity9 or @entity10 . @entity4 scale scores, necessity for additional dosing, and rate of adverse events between the groups were assessed every 5 minutes and were compared using t-testing, Fisher's Exact test, or Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) where appropriate. The primary outcome of the study was incidence of @entity5 and the secondary outcome was @entity4 reduction as measured by the visual analog score and numeric rating score. A total of 207 @entity0 were randomized with 187 @entity0 included in the final analysis. Of the 187 @entity0 , 99 were in the @entity9 group and 88 in the @entity10 group. No statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to @entity5 was found ( @entity9 5.1% vs. @entity10 0%, p = 0.06). Baseline characteristics, necessity for additional dosing, and other adverse events between the two groups were not statistically different. There were no significant differences between the changes in visual analog scores and numeric rating scale scores for @entity4 between the two groups (p = 0.16 and p = 0.15, respectively). This study supports that @entity10 and @entity9 are comparable in providing analgesia for @entity6 . @entity10 appears to be a safe and effective alternative to @entity9 for the management of @entity6 in the prehospital setting.

title: Comparison of @entity10 and @entity9 in the Prehospital Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In the treatment of @entity7 , reduction of sympathetic stress and @entity11 release is an important therapeutic goal. One method used to achieve this goal is @entity4 reduction through the systemic administration of analgesia. Historically, @entity9 has been the analgesic of choice in @entity2 @entity4 . This randomized double-blind controlled trial seeks to prove the utility of @entity10 as an alternate first-line analgesic for @entity6 in the prehospital setting. Successive @entity0 who were treated for suspected @entity2 @entity6 in the emergency medical services system were considered eligible. Once @entity6 was confirmed, @entity0 received @entity1 , @entity3 , and @entity8 therapy. If the @entity6 continued the @entity0 was randomized in a double-blinded fashion to treatment with either @entity9 or @entity10 . @entity4 scale scores, necessity for additional dosing, and rate of adverse events between the groups were assessed every 5 minutes and were compared using t-testing, Fisher's Exact test, or Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) where appropriate. The primary outcome of the study was incidence of @entity5 and the secondary outcome was @entity4 reduction as measured by the visual analog score and numeric rating score. A total of 207 @entity0 were randomized with 187 @entity0 included in the final analysis. Of the 187 @entity0 , 99 were in the @entity9 group and 88 in the @entity10 group. No statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to @entity5 was found ( @entity9 5.1% vs. @entity10 0%, p = 0.06). Baseline characteristics, necessity for additional dosing, and other adverse events between the two groups were not statistically different. There were no significant differences between the changes in visual analog scores and numeric rating scale scores for @entity4 between the two groups (p = 0.16 and p = 0.15, respectively). This study supports that @entity10 and @entity9 are comparable in providing analgesia for @entity6 . @entity10 appears to be a safe and effective alternative to @entity9 for the management of @entity6 in the prehospital setting.

title: Comparison of XXXX and @entity9 in the Prehospital Treatment of @entity6 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: In young @entity0 ingesting protein meals, slowly digested proteins (caseins: @entity2 ) induce a higher protein gain than those that are rapidly digested (whey proteins: WP). Our aim was to assess whether or not this is true in elderly @entity0 receiving mixed meals. The effects of meals containing either @entity2 or two different amounts of WP (WP-iN: isonitrogenous with @entity2 , or WP-iL: providing the same amount of @entity1 as @entity2 ) on protein metabolism (assessed by combining oral and intravenous @entity1 tracers) were compared in nine healthy, elderly (mean +/- S.E.M. age 72 +/- 1 years) and six young @entity0 (24 +/- 1 years). In both age groups, WP-iL and WP-iN were digested faster than @entity2 (P < 0.001, ANOVA). Proteolysis was inhibited similarly whatever the meal and age groups (P = NS). Protein synthesis was higher with WP-iN than with @entity2 or WP-iL (P < 0.01), irrespective of age (P = NS). An age-related effect (P < 0.05) was found with postprandial @entity1 balance. @entity1 balance was higher with @entity2 than with WP-iL (P < 0.01) in young @entity0 , but not in elderly subjects (P = NS). In isonitrogenous conditions, @entity1 balance was higher with WP-iN than with @entity2 (P < 0.001) in both age groups, but the magnitude of the differences was higher in the elderly @entity0 (P = 0.05). In conclusion, during aging, protein gain was greater with WP (rapidly digested protein), and lower with @entity2 (slowly digested protein). This suggests that a 'fast' protein might be more beneficial than a 'slow' one to limit protein losses during aging.

title: The rate of protein digestion affects protein gain differently during aging in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study examined the efficacy of a new cognitive debiasing intervention in reducing decision-making errors in the assessment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHOD: The study was a randomized controlled trial using case vignette methodology. @entity0 were 137 mental health professionals working in different regions of the United States (M = 8.6    7.5 years of experience). @entity0 were randomly assigned to a (a) brief overview of @entity1 (control condition), or (b) the same brief overview plus a cognitive debiasing intervention (treatment condition) that educated @entity0 about common cognitive pitfalls (e.g., base-rate neglect, search satisficing) and taught corrective strategies (e.g., mnemonics, Bayesian tools). Both groups evaluated 4 identical case vignettes. Primary outcome measures were clinicians' diagnoses and treatment decisions. The vignette characters' race or ethnicity was experimentally manipulated. RESULTS: @entity0 in the treatment group showed better overall judgment accuracy, p < .001, and committed significantly fewer decision-making errors, p < .001. Inaccurate and somewhat accurate diagnostic decisions were significantly associated with different treatment and clinical recommendations, particularly in cases where @entity0 missed comorbid conditions, failed to detect the possibility of hypomania or @entity1 in @entity2 , and misdiagnosed classic @entity1 . In contrast, effects of @entity0 race were negligible. CONCLUSIONS: The cognitive debiasing intervention outperformed the control condition. Examining specific heuristics in cases of @entity1 may identify especially problematic mismatches between typical habits of thought and characteristics of the disorder. The debiasing intervention was brief and delivered via the Web; it has the potential to generalize and extend to other diagnoses as well as to various practice and training settings. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: A randomized controlled trial of cognitive debiasing improves assessment and treatment selection for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) have been used for the treatment of @entity0 . We performed kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty with alpha- @entity2 cement (CPC) and @entity1 to compare the biomechanical properties. Thirty osteoporotic vertebrae were harvested from nine embalmed cadavers. We randomized the vertebrae into four treatment groups: (1) kyphoplasty with CPC; (2) kyphoplasty with @entity1 ; (3) vertebroplasty with CPC; and (4) vertebroplasty with @entity1 . Prior to injecting the cement, all vertebrae were compressed to determine their initial strength and stiffness. They were then recompressed to determine their augmented strength and stiffness. Although the augmented strength was greater than the initial strength in all groups, there was no significant difference between the two bone cements for either kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty. The augmented stiffness was significantly less than the initial stiffness in the kyphoplasty groups, but the difference between the two cements did not reach significance. In the vertebroplasty groups, the augmented stiffness was not significantly different from the initial stiffness. There was no significant difference between the two bone cements for either procedure when cement volume and restoration of anterior height were assessed. We concluded that kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty with CPC were viable treatment alternatives to @entity1 for @entity0 .

title: Biomechanical evaluation of kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate cement in a simulated XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Overweight and @entity2 are believed to be associated with @entity1 . Whether this depends on fat distribution is not known. We hypothesize that in addition to overweight, fat distribution may be associated with @entity1 . METHODS: We studied the relation between body weight and fat distribution and microalbuminuria and elevated or diminished filtration in 7,676 subjects without @entity0 . Microalbuminuria is defined as urinary albumin excretion (UAE) of 30 to 300 mg/24 h. Elevated and diminished filtration are defined as filtration plus or minus 2 SDs of a nondiabetic lean group with a peripheral fat distribution and UAE of 0 to 15 mg/24 h, corrected for age and sex. The total population was divided into six groups according to body weight (overweight is defined as body mass index [BMI] > 25 and < or = 30 kg/m2; @entity2 , as BMI > 30 kg/m2) and fat distribution. RESULTS: In logistic regression analysis, @entity2 subjects with central fat distribution had a greater risk for microalbuminuria (relative risk, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.19 to 2.35). Obese subjects with either peripheral or central fat distribution had a greater risk for elevated filtration (relative risk, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.19 to 8.47; relative risk, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.59 to 4.28, respectively). Furthermore, subjects with central fat distribution, either lean, overweight, or @entity2 , had a greater risk for diminished filtration (relative risk, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.19 to 3.12; relative risk, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.19 to 3.19; and relative risk, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.46 to 4.85, respectively). Finally, by dividing waist-hip ratio (WHR) into quartiles, greater WHR was associated with a greater risk for diminished filtration, even when corrected for BMI. CONCLUSION: Not only overweight and @entity2 subjects, but also lean subjects with central fat distribution are at risk for diminished filtration. Therefore, a central pattern of fat distribution, not overweight or @entity2 by itself, seems to be important for @entity1 .

title: A central body fat distribution is related to XXXX , even in lean subjects.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Renal involvement is frequently present in antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated systemic @entity6 and is an important cause of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: This retrospective, multicenter, sequential cohort study reports presenting features and outcome of 246 new @entity0 diagnosed in London, UK, between 1995 and 2000. RESULTS: Diagnostic subgroups were @entity9 , 120 @entity0 (49%); @entity8 ( @entity8 ), 82 @entity0 (33%); renal-limited @entity6 , 33 @entity0 (13.5%); and @entity11 , 11 @entity0 (4.5%). Median age was 66 years, 57% were @entity0 , and median @entity5 level at presentation was 3.87 mg/dL (342 micromol/L). ANCA was present in 92%. Cumulative @entity0 survival at 1 and 5 years was 82% and 76%, respectively. Mortality was associated with age older than 60 years (P < 0.001), development of @entity4 (P < 0.001), initial @entity5 level greater than 2.26 mg/dL (200 micromol/L; P = 0.01), and @entity3 (P < 0.048). @entity4 occurred in 68 @entity0 (28%), of whom 47% died. Fifty-six @entity0 who presented with a @entity5 level greater than 5.65 mg/dL (500 micromol/L) survived, and 31 @entity0 (55%) achieved dialysis independence. Relapse occurred in 34% after a median of 13 months and was more common in @entity0 with @entity8 (P = 0.048) and @entity10 -ANCA (P = 0.034). @entity7 occurred in 41% and was associated with @entity3 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Mortality and morbidity of ANCA-associated systemic @entity6 are improving compared with previous series, but remain high. @entity1 often affects older @entity0 , who have a particularly poor outcome. Early diagnosis improves outcome. @entity7 , caused by immunosuppressive therapy, should be avoided because of the close association with @entity3 and @entity2 .

title: Outcome of ANCA-associated XXXX : a 5-year retrospective study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A survey was carried out on the incidence of @entity6 amongst the asymptomatic female students of University of Jos. One hundred and three students were selected at guided random. Their first stream urine samples were collected with the aid of sterile McCarthney bottles. The deposits of the centrifuged urine samples were plated out on sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) fortified with antibiotics ( @entity1 and @entity2 ). A total number of 42 positive Candida cases were obtained. This represented 40.78% of the total samples (103) examined. The Candida species isolated included @entity3 , @entity4 , C. guilliermondi, @entity5 , C. pseudotropicalis, @entity3 , @entity7 and @entity8 . @entity3 and @entity7 were more predominant than the other species. @entity3 had 38.10% frequency of occurrence while @entity7 had 21.43% occurrence. The least percentage occurrence was recorded for @entity8 which had 2.38%. There were significant relationships between the incidence of @entity6 and the predisposing factors like drug administration (antibiotics and contraceptive pills), cases of pregnancy and previous @entity0 . Neither the marital status nor the age groups of the test female students had significant effects on the incidence of this disease. The pH values of the infected urine samples had a significant effect on the incidence of the disease.

title: The incidence of XXXX amongst the asymptomatic female students of the University of Jos, Nigeria.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess contrast material-enhanced ultrasonographic (US) findings seen after high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of @entity3 and correlate the US findings with post-HIFU biopsy findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was ethics committee approved. Written informed consent was obtained from all @entity0 . Twenty-eight @entity0 referred for @entity3 ablation underwent contrast-enhanced prostate US before treatment, @entity4 -enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and repeat contrast-enhanced US 1-3 days after treatment, and contrast-enhanced US-guided biopsy 30-45 days after treatment. The contrast-enhanced US enhancement patterns of the biopsy sites--assigned a score of S0 for no enhancement, S1 for mild and/or patchy enhancement, or S2 for marked enhancement--were compared with corresponding biopsy findings, which were assigned a score of B0 for @entity1 and/or @entity2 without viable prostate gland tissue, B1 for vascularized tissue without viable gland tissue, or B2 for viable gland tissue (benign or malignant). Then, six additional @entity0 underwent contrast-enhanced prostate US 15-30 minutes and 1 day after HIFU ablation, and the results of these two US examinations were compared. RESULTS: Contrast-enhanced US performed on days 1-3 and days 30-45 after HIFU ablation depicted a large devascularized zone with peripheral enhancing areas that were localized anteriorly in all 28 @entity0 , posteriorly in nine, laterally in five, and at the apex in 20 @entity0 . MR findings were concordant. At biopsy, viable gland tissue was found at nine (6.2%) of 146 S0 sites, 10 (34%) of 29 S1 sites, and 44 (60%) of 73 S2 sites. The odds ratios for finding viable tissue (score B1 or B2) at S1 and S2 sites as opposed to S0 sites were 21 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6, 71) and 73 (95% CI: 22, 243), respectively (P < .0001). Contrast-enhanced US performed 15-30 minutes and 1 day after treatment in the six additional @entity0 had similar findings. CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced US is a promising tool for distinguishing between ablated (devascularized) and viable (enhancing) tissue immediately after HIFU treatment.

title: XXXX ablation with transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound: assessment of tissue destruction with contrast-enhanced US.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate by Scheimpflug photography the capacity of several commercially available ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) to remain in the anterior chamber and maintain @entity4 ( @entity4 ) during simulated @entity0 surgery in porcine cadaver eyes. SETTING: Department of Preclinical Ophthalmology, Pharmacia _ Upjohn AB, Uppsala, Sweden. METHODS: Eighty eyes from newly slaughtered @entity2 were used. They were distributed equally among 8 OVDs: Amvisc Plus ( @entity3 1.6%), Biolon ( @entity3 1.0%), Biolon Prime ( @entity3 1.2%), Healon ( @entity3 1.0%), Healon GV ( @entity3 1.4%), Healon5 ( @entity3 2.3%), Provisc ( @entity3 1.0%), and Viscoat ( @entity3 3.0%-chondroitin @entity1 4.0%). Scheimpflug photographs were taken using a Nidek EAS-1000 instrument before surgery (control), after injection of the OVD, after continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC), and after lens extraction by phacoemulsification. Differences in the @entity4 with a P value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The retention capacity was visually assessed. RESULTS: Healon5 had a significantly higher capacity to maintain the @entity4 than the other OVDs after CCC and phacoemulsification. After injection, Healon5, Viscoat, and Biolon Prime showed similar @entity4 -maintaining capacities. CONCLUSIONS: The capacity of Healon5 to maintain the @entity4 during @entity0 surgery, ie, neutralizing the vitreous pressure and stabilizing the anterior segment of the eye, was significantly higher than that of the other OVDs.

title: Scheimpflug photography study of ophthalmic viscosurgical devices during simulated XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the survival of @entity0 with @entity2 whose lung function has deteriorated to a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) below 30% predicted in the recent treatment @entity3 and to explore factors associated with any change in survival. Design Cohort study. SETTING: Adult @entity2 unit in London. @entity0 : 276 @entity0 (147 (53%) male) whose FEV(1) was first observed to be less than 30% predicted between 1 January 1990 and 31 December 2003. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Survival during follow-up to 31 December 2007 in two year sub-cohorts. RESULTS: Median survival improved from 1.2 years in the 1990-1 group to 5.3 years in the 2002-3 group, with a marked improvement in survival from 1994. The use of nebulised recombinant @entity0 DNase was significantly associated with a reduced risk of @entity1 (hazard ratio 0.59, 95% confidence interval 0.44 to 0.79). Significantly increased risks were associated with a body mass index under 19 (hazard ratio 1.52, 1.10 to 2.10), long term oxygen therapy (3.52, 2.49 to 4.99), and nebulised antibiotics (1.84, 1.05 to 3.22). CONCLUSION: A marked improvement has occurred in the survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with an FEV(1) less than 30% predicted. Secondary analyses suggest that some of this improvement may be due to use of recombinant @entity0 DNase.

title: Improved survival at low lung function in XXXX : cohort study from 1990 to 2007.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) can be the first sign of @entity3 . In case of thickened endometrium, endometrial sampling is often used in these @entity0 . In this systematic review, we studied the accuracy of endometrial sampling for the diagnoses of @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 (endometrial pathology, including benign @entity2 ). We systematically searched the literature for studies comparing the results of endometrial sampling in @entity0 with @entity1 with two different reference standards: blind dilatation and curettage (D_C) and hysteroscopy with histology. We assessed the quality of the detected studies by the QUADAS-2 tool. For each included study, we calculated the fraction of @entity0 in whom endometrial sampling failed. Furthermore, we extracted numbers of cases of @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 that were identified or missed by endometrial sampling. We detected 12 studies reporting on 1029 @entity0 with @entity1 : five studies with dilatation and curettage (D_C) and seven studies with hysteroscopy as a reference test. The weighted sensitivity of endometrial sampling with D_C as a reference for the diagnosis of @entity3 was 100% (range 100-100%) and 92% (71-100) for the diagnosis of @entity4 . Only one study reported sensitivity for @entity5 , which was 76%. When hysteroscopy was used as a reference, weighted sensitivities of endometrial sampling were 90% (range 50-100), 82% (range 56-94) and 39% (21-69) for the diagnosis of @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 , respectively. For all diagnosis studied and the reference test used, specificity was 98-100%. The weighted failure rate of endometrial sampling was 11% (range 1-53%), while insufficient samples were found in 31% (range 7-76%). In these @entity0 with insufficient or failed samples, an @entity3 was found in 7% (range 0-18%). In @entity0 with @entity1 , the sensitivity of endometrial sampling to detect @entity3 and especially @entity4 and @entity5 , including @entity5 , is lower than previously thought. Therefore, further diagnostic work-up for focal pathology is warranted, after a benign result of endometrial sampling.

title: The accuracy of endometrial sampling in @entity0 with XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) can be the first sign of @entity3 . In case of thickened endometrium, endometrial sampling is often used in these @entity0 . In this systematic review, we studied the accuracy of endometrial sampling for the diagnoses of @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 (endometrial pathology, including benign @entity2 ). We systematically searched the literature for studies comparing the results of endometrial sampling in @entity0 with @entity1 with two different reference standards: blind dilatation and curettage (D_C) and hysteroscopy with histology. We assessed the quality of the detected studies by the QUADAS-2 tool. For each included study, we calculated the fraction of @entity0 in whom endometrial sampling failed. Furthermore, we extracted numbers of cases of @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 that were identified or missed by endometrial sampling. We detected 12 studies reporting on 1029 @entity0 with @entity1 : five studies with dilatation and curettage (D_C) and seven studies with hysteroscopy as a reference test. The weighted sensitivity of endometrial sampling with D_C as a reference for the diagnosis of @entity3 was 100% (range 100-100%) and 92% (71-100) for the diagnosis of @entity4 . Only one study reported sensitivity for @entity5 , which was 76%. When hysteroscopy was used as a reference, weighted sensitivities of endometrial sampling were 90% (range 50-100), 82% (range 56-94) and 39% (21-69) for the diagnosis of @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 , respectively. For all diagnosis studied and the reference test used, specificity was 98-100%. The weighted failure rate of endometrial sampling was 11% (range 1-53%), while insufficient samples were found in 31% (range 7-76%). In these @entity0 with insufficient or failed samples, an @entity3 was found in 7% (range 0-18%). In @entity0 with @entity1 , the sensitivity of endometrial sampling to detect @entity3 and especially @entity4 and @entity5 , including @entity5 , is lower than previously thought. Therefore, further diagnostic work-up for focal pathology is warranted, after a benign result of endometrial sampling.

title: The accuracy of endometrial sampling in XXXX with @entity1 : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We showed previously that the vasopeptidase inhibitor (VPI) omapatrilat improves @entity1 ( @entity1 ) survival, but the mechanisms involved and whether these effects are sustained remained to be determined, and are the subject of this study. @entity0 (n = 272) received omapatrilat (20 mg x kg-1x day-1) starting 7 days before @entity1 and continued peri- and @entity1 , or no treatment (control). One group of @entity0 had continuous ambulatory ECG and blood pressure recordings started 6 h before @entity1 and continued until 24 h after @entity1 , when survival was evaluated, and the @entity0 were killed, and @entity1 size was evaluated. A second group had left ventricular (LV) remodeling evaluated by echocardiography at 30 days and, at 38 days, had cardiac hemodynamics and morphology done and survival evaluated. Survival 24 h after @entity1 (n = 255) improved with omapatrilat (60% vs. 46% for control; P = 0.0378). Over the next 37 days, there was no further improvement with omapatrilat but the early benefit was sustained. Omapatrilat reduced @entity1 size 24 h after @entity1 (36 +/- 2 vs. 42 +/- 2 mm2 for controls; P = 0.034). Omapatrilat reduced ventricular @entity2 score 1-12 h after @entity1 . Omapatrilat decreased blood pressure, but not during the first 24 h after @entity1 . Omapatrilat reduced LV diastolic and systolic dimensions and LV and right ventricular weights compared with control large @entity1 , indicating a decrease in reactive @entity3 . Improvement in cardiac remodeling was accompanied by improved cardiac hemodynamics. Thus this study indicates that pre-, peri-, and @entity1 treatment with the VPI omapatrilat is beneficial in survival, @entity2 , LV remodeling, and cardiac function.

title: Effects of pre-, peri-, and postmyocardial infarction treatment with omapatrilat in @entity0 : survival, XXXX , ventricular function, and remodeling.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We showed previously that the vasopeptidase inhibitor (VPI) omapatrilat improves @entity1 ( @entity1 ) survival, but the mechanisms involved and whether these effects are sustained remained to be determined, and are the subject of this study. @entity0 (n = 272) received omapatrilat (20 mg x kg-1x day-1) starting 7 days before @entity1 and continued peri- and @entity1 , or no treatment (control). One group of @entity0 had continuous ambulatory ECG and blood pressure recordings started 6 h before @entity1 and continued until 24 h after @entity1 , when survival was evaluated, and the @entity0 were killed, and @entity1 size was evaluated. A second group had left ventricular (LV) remodeling evaluated by echocardiography at 30 days and, at 38 days, had cardiac hemodynamics and morphology done and survival evaluated. Survival 24 h after @entity1 (n = 255) improved with omapatrilat (60% vs. 46% for control; P = 0.0378). Over the next 37 days, there was no further improvement with omapatrilat but the early benefit was sustained. Omapatrilat reduced @entity1 size 24 h after @entity1 (36 +/- 2 vs. 42 +/- 2 mm2 for controls; P = 0.034). Omapatrilat reduced ventricular @entity2 score 1-12 h after @entity1 . Omapatrilat decreased blood pressure, but not during the first 24 h after @entity1 . Omapatrilat reduced LV diastolic and systolic dimensions and LV and right ventricular weights compared with control large @entity1 , indicating a decrease in reactive @entity3 . Improvement in cardiac remodeling was accompanied by improved cardiac hemodynamics. Thus this study indicates that pre-, peri-, and @entity1 treatment with the VPI omapatrilat is beneficial in survival, @entity2 , LV remodeling, and cardiac function.

title: Effects of pre-, peri-, and postmyocardial infarction treatment with omapatrilat in XXXX : survival, @entity2 , ventricular function, and remodeling.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: For optimal decision making on access to and regulations around biologicals availability of national utilisation data is a prerequisite. This study characterises the main categories of critical issues in collecting available national utilisation data on @entity1 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity2 ) inhibitors in different European countries. METHODS: Data were collected on characteristics of the nature of @entity2 usage data and on usage of @entity2 itself (2003-2007). Utilisation rates were expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs)/1000 inhabitants/day. Data from Denmark, Finland, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway and Portugal were included. RESULTS: Characteristics of @entity2 (usage settings and ways of distribution to @entity0 ) and databases (type of data collected, public availability and data sources) influenced the way data were collected and determined the type of research and policy questions that can validly be addressed. The prevailing differences in the structure of national databases are prohibitive for critical aspects of medicines utilisation studies. An increase in @entity2 usage over time was observed in all countries and varied widely from 0.32 (Portugal) to 1.89 (Norway) DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day (2007). CONCLUSIONS: In the European countries studied data on national @entity2 usage is not easily, if at all accessible. Intercountry collaboration and sharing of technical resources will facilitate harmonisation of data collection allowing independent, population based, health and outcomes research.

title: Quality and completeness of utilisation data on biological agents across European countries: XXXX necrosis factor alpha inhibitors as a case study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6 arising from the distal part of the aortic arch and passing behind the oesophagus (arteria lusoria) is a rare @entity1 , it is the 4th most common @entity7 . At the site of the orifice there is the @entity8 , which is the locus minoris resistentiae with the possible arise of the @entity5 . @entity2 of the anomalous artery and of the aorta may be the cause of distal embolism or @entity3 . Less frequently there is also the possibility of aortic dissection or @entity3 . CASE REPORT: 54-old @entity0 with a symptomatic aberrant @entity2 (arteria lusoria) and an anerurysmatic dilatation of the @entity8 was indicated to staged combined management. Firstly we performed open surgical debranching of two supraaortic trunks (both subclavian arteries). Thereafter we excluded the orifice of the aberrant artery with the @entity8 by use of the endovascular techniques. There have been no complications during the perioperative period and the effect of surgery was optimal. DISCUSSION: It is generally accepted that the presence of @entity4 of the @entity6 is an indication for surgery, whether symptomatic or not. The conventional surgery is usually staged. Firstly there is a carotid-subclavian bypass or transposition on the right side and thereafter a transthoracic resection of the @entity8 and aortic angioplasty. The combined management with supraaortic revascularization followed with the stentgraft exclusion of the @entity4 is a sophisticated alternative. CONCLUSION: Experiences with the combined treatment published in the literature and ours are excellent, this technique is miniinvasive with a low complication rate. In our opinion it is the management of choice.

title: [Successfully combined management of the abberant retroesophageal arteria subcalvia dextra XXXX (arteria lusoria)].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Targeted biologic therapy has been proven to be effective compared to the current therapy of metastatic @entity3 (mRCC) in clinical studies as well as in actual clinical practice, but its high cost is a potentially limiting factor. Since the local cost-effectiveness analysis is missing, we assessed the cost of @entity5 and @entity6 in the treatment of mRCC in a comprehensive @entity1 centre. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 31 @entity0 were treated with @entity5 and/or @entity6 between 06/2006 and 09/2009 and then followed for at least 12 months. Clinical (disease progression, adverse events, dose reduction) and cost data (medication, examination, hospitalization) were assessed in the comprehensive @entity1 centre (1 @entity7 = 25.78 CZK). RESULTS: The multikinase inhibitors were the second line treatment for most @entity0 after @entity8 therapy failure (86.7%). The mean cost per month to progression ( @entity4 ) was 94,141.8 CZK/3651.7 @entity7 ( @entity5 : 11 months to @entity4 , cost to @entity4 1,267,648.5 CZK/49,171.8 @entity7 ; @entity6 : 8 months to @entity4 , cost to @entity4 896,670.1 CZK / 34,781.6 @entity7 ). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 123,659.5 CZK / 4796.7 @entity7 per progression-free month in @entity5 vs @entity6 @entity0 . The mean cost per month after @entity4 was 45,767.0 CZK/1775.3 @entity7 with sequential therapy ( @entity6 after @entity5 failure and vice-versa in more than half of @entity0 ) or best supportive care. 16 @entity0 died during the study period with mean cost of 1,180,795.4CZK/45,802.8 @entity7 per 12 months (median between treatment initiation with @entity5 or @entity6 and @entity2 ). 8 @entity0 (26%) did not achieve progression (median progression-free survival to 09/2009: @entity5 18 months, @entity6 14 months). CONCLUSION: The cost of medication made up more than 95% of total costs to @entity4 and more than 90% after @entity4 . The cost per progression-free month was 123,659.5 CZK/4796.7 @entity7 in mRCC @entity0 treated with @entity5 vs @entity6 .

title: [Economic evaluation of targeted biologic therapy in metastatic XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In primary @entity3 , the sentinel node (SN) biopsy is an accurate method for the staging of the lymph nodes. Positron emission tomography (PET) has been suggested as a useful alternative. However, the sensitivity of PET may be too low to detect SN @entity1 , which are often small. AIM: To predict the value of PET for initial lymph node staging in @entity3 based on morphometric analysis of SN metastatic load, without exposing @entity0 to PET. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 59 SN positive @entity0 with @entity3 , the sizes of @entity2 deposits in the SNs and subsequent dissection specimens were measured by morphometry and correlated with the detection limits of current and future PET scanners. RESULTS: The median @entity2 volume within the basin was 0.15 mm(3) (range, 0.0001-118.86). Seventy per cent of these deposits were smaller than 1 mm(3). State of the art PET scanners that have a resolution of about 5 mm would detect only 15-49% of positive basins. Logistic regression analysis revealed no pretest indicators identifying @entity0 expected to have a positive PET. However, the SN @entity2 load was a significant and single predictor of the presence of PET detectable @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Morphometric analysis of metastatic load predicts that PET scanning is unable to detect most metastatic deposits in sentinel lymph nodes of @entity0 with @entity3 because the @entity1 are often small. Therefore, the SN biopsy remains the preferred method for initial regional staging.

title: How morphometric analysis of metastatic load predicts the (un)usefulness of PET scanning: the case of lymph node staging in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The spectrum of @entity1 in older adults remains incompletely defined. The purpose of the present study was to determine if differences exist in diagnostic approach, etiology, therapy, and outcome between older (> or = 60 years) and younger (<60 years) @entity0 referred for evaluation of @entity5 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of outpatient office charts in a 7-physician, hospital-based nephrology practice. RESULTS: We identified 69 @entity0 with at least 1 subsequent follow-up assessment after reviewing approximately 500 sequential charts. Forty-five were younger (mean +/- SD age, 38 +/- 2 years), and 24 were older (69 +/- 1 years). The degree of @entity5 at presentation was similar (4.5 +/- 0.7 vs 3.9 +/- 0.6 g/d, older vs younger, p = NS), but older @entity0 had higher @entity6 levels (1.7 +/- 0.2 vs 1.2 +/- 0.07 mg/dl, p <.01), lower @entity6 clearances (64 +/- 7 vs 111 +/- 7 ml/min., p <.05), and higher systolic blood pressure (164 +/- 8/88 +/- 2 vs 145 +/- 4/94 +/- 2 mm Hg, p <.01). Older @entity0 were more likely to decline a renal biopsy (21% vs 7.6%, p <.01). The most common final renal diagnoses were immunoglobulin A @entity1 (31%), @entity4 (24%), @entity2 (13%), and @entity1 (11%) in the younger @entity0 , and @entity1 (29%), @entity2 (25%), @entity8 (17%), and @entity7 (8%) in the older @entity0 . @entity3 were given to 17.7% of younger @entity0 and 16.7% of older @entity0 (p = NS). The percentage of @entity0 with improvement, defined as a 50% reduction in @entity5 with stable or improved renal function, was similar among older and younger @entity0 (33.3% vs 35.5%). However, older @entity0 were more likely to develop progression of @entity1 (33.3% vs 8.8%) and less likely to retain stable renal function (29.2% vs 53.3%). CONCLUSION: Significant differences exist in @entity1 between older and younger adults.

title: Evaluation and outcome of XXXX in older and younger adults.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The co-occurrence of severe @entity6 and @entity3 , or dual diagnosis, is prevalent and is associated with significant clinical and social problems. Most studies have treated @entity0 with a dual diagnosis as a homogeneous population, grouping together different substances of misuse. This study investigated whether subgroups defined by their main substances of misuse were heterogeneous. The primary hypothesis was that users of stimulants, such as @entity7 or @entity5 , would be characterized by especially high rates of inpatient admission, violence, and self-harm. METHODS: Case managers' ratings were used to identify individuals with serious @entity6 and comorbid substance abuse or @entity3 who were being treated by 13 community mental health teams in South London. Standardized instruments were used to elicit sociodemographic, clinical, social, and service use data. RESULTS: A total of 233 cases of comorbid @entity3 and @entity2 were identified. On the basis of best available information, 78 (34 percent) @entity0 were classified as @entity1 misusers only, 52 (22 percent) as @entity1 and @entity4 users, 29 (12 percent) as users of @entity4 only, and 55 (24 percent) as stimulant users; 19 @entity0 (8 percent) were excluded from the analysis. No significant differences were found between subgroups in the use of inpatient services and lifetime history of self-harm, but there was a significant difference in lifetime history of violence, which was more frequent among stimulant users. The @entity1 users were older and more likely to be white, but otherwise few differences between subgroups were suggested by exploratory analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Apart from differences in history of violence, little heterogeneity was found among subgroups of @entity0 with different types of substance misuse.

title: Characteristics of subgroups of individuals with @entity2 and a comorbid XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The co-occurrence of severe @entity6 and @entity3 , or dual diagnosis, is prevalent and is associated with significant clinical and social problems. Most studies have treated @entity0 with a dual diagnosis as a homogeneous population, grouping together different substances of misuse. This study investigated whether subgroups defined by their main substances of misuse were heterogeneous. The primary hypothesis was that users of stimulants, such as @entity7 or @entity5 , would be characterized by especially high rates of inpatient admission, violence, and self-harm. METHODS: Case managers' ratings were used to identify individuals with serious @entity6 and comorbid substance abuse or @entity3 who were being treated by 13 community mental health teams in South London. Standardized instruments were used to elicit sociodemographic, clinical, social, and service use data. RESULTS: A total of 233 cases of comorbid @entity3 and @entity2 were identified. On the basis of best available information, 78 (34 percent) @entity0 were classified as @entity1 misusers only, 52 (22 percent) as @entity1 and @entity4 users, 29 (12 percent) as users of @entity4 only, and 55 (24 percent) as stimulant users; 19 @entity0 (8 percent) were excluded from the analysis. No significant differences were found between subgroups in the use of inpatient services and lifetime history of self-harm, but there was a significant difference in lifetime history of violence, which was more frequent among stimulant users. The @entity1 users were older and more likely to be white, but otherwise few differences between subgroups were suggested by exploratory analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Apart from differences in history of violence, little heterogeneity was found among subgroups of @entity0 with different types of substance misuse.

title: Characteristics of subgroups of individuals with XXXX and a comorbid @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is little information about early outcome after intravenous application of tissue-type plasminogen activator ( @entity4 ) for @entity1 @entity0 treated in community-based settings. We investigated the association between @entity4 therapy and in-hospital mortality in a pooled analysis of German @entity1 registers. METHODS: @entity3 @entity0 admitted to hospitals cooperating within the German @entity1 Registers Study Group (ADSR) between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2000, were analyzed. The ADSR is a network of regional @entity1 registers, combining data from 104 @entity5 and community hospitals throughout Germany. @entity0 treated with @entity4 were matched to @entity0 not receiving @entity4 on the basis of propensity scores and were analyzed with conditional logistic regression. Analyses were stratified for hospital experience with the administration of @entity4 . RESULTS: A total of 13,440 @entity3 @entity0 were included. Of these, 384 @entity0 (3%) were treated with @entity4 . In-hospital mortality was significantly higher for @entity0 treated with @entity4 compared with @entity0 not receiving @entity4 (11.7% versus 4.5%, respectively; P<0.0001). After matching for propensity score, overall risk of @entity2 was still increased for @entity0 treated with @entity4 (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.8). @entity0 receiving @entity4 in hospitals that administered <or=5 thrombolytic therapies in 2000 had an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 9.9). No significant influence of @entity4 use for risk of @entity2 was found in hospitals administering >5 thrombolytic treatments per year (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.8 to 2.4). CONCLUSIONS: In-hospital mortality of @entity3 @entity0 after @entity4 use varied between hospitals with different experience in @entity4 treatment in routine clinical practice. Our study suggested that thrombolytic therapy in hospitals with limited experience in its application increase the risk of in-hospital mortality.

title: Frequency of thrombolytic therapy in @entity0 with acute @entity3 and the risk of in-hospital mortality: the German XXXX Registers Study Group.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is little information about early outcome after intravenous application of tissue-type plasminogen activator ( @entity4 ) for @entity1 @entity0 treated in community-based settings. We investigated the association between @entity4 therapy and in-hospital mortality in a pooled analysis of German @entity1 registers. METHODS: @entity3 @entity0 admitted to hospitals cooperating within the German @entity1 Registers Study Group (ADSR) between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2000, were analyzed. The ADSR is a network of regional @entity1 registers, combining data from 104 @entity5 and community hospitals throughout Germany. @entity0 treated with @entity4 were matched to @entity0 not receiving @entity4 on the basis of propensity scores and were analyzed with conditional logistic regression. Analyses were stratified for hospital experience with the administration of @entity4 . RESULTS: A total of 13,440 @entity3 @entity0 were included. Of these, 384 @entity0 (3%) were treated with @entity4 . In-hospital mortality was significantly higher for @entity0 treated with @entity4 compared with @entity0 not receiving @entity4 (11.7% versus 4.5%, respectively; P<0.0001). After matching for propensity score, overall risk of @entity2 was still increased for @entity0 treated with @entity4 (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.8). @entity0 receiving @entity4 in hospitals that administered <or=5 thrombolytic therapies in 2000 had an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 9.9). No significant influence of @entity4 use for risk of @entity2 was found in hospitals administering >5 thrombolytic treatments per year (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.8 to 2.4). CONCLUSIONS: In-hospital mortality of @entity3 @entity0 after @entity4 use varied between hospitals with different experience in @entity4 treatment in routine clinical practice. Our study suggested that thrombolytic therapy in hospitals with limited experience in its application increase the risk of in-hospital mortality.

title: Frequency of thrombolytic therapy in @entity0 with acute XXXX and the risk of in-hospital mortality: the German @entity1 Registers Study Group.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There is little information about early outcome after intravenous application of tissue-type plasminogen activator ( @entity4 ) for @entity1 @entity0 treated in community-based settings. We investigated the association between @entity4 therapy and in-hospital mortality in a pooled analysis of German @entity1 registers. METHODS: @entity3 @entity0 admitted to hospitals cooperating within the German @entity1 Registers Study Group (ADSR) between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2000, were analyzed. The ADSR is a network of regional @entity1 registers, combining data from 104 @entity5 and community hospitals throughout Germany. @entity0 treated with @entity4 were matched to @entity0 not receiving @entity4 on the basis of propensity scores and were analyzed with conditional logistic regression. Analyses were stratified for hospital experience with the administration of @entity4 . RESULTS: A total of 13,440 @entity3 @entity0 were included. Of these, 384 @entity0 (3%) were treated with @entity4 . In-hospital mortality was significantly higher for @entity0 treated with @entity4 compared with @entity0 not receiving @entity4 (11.7% versus 4.5%, respectively; P<0.0001). After matching for propensity score, overall risk of @entity2 was still increased for @entity0 treated with @entity4 (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.8). @entity0 receiving @entity4 in hospitals that administered <or=5 thrombolytic therapies in 2000 had an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 9.9). No significant influence of @entity4 use for risk of @entity2 was found in hospitals administering >5 thrombolytic treatments per year (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.8 to 2.4). CONCLUSIONS: In-hospital mortality of @entity3 @entity0 after @entity4 use varied between hospitals with different experience in @entity4 treatment in routine clinical practice. Our study suggested that thrombolytic therapy in hospitals with limited experience in its application increase the risk of in-hospital mortality.

title: Frequency of thrombolytic therapy in XXXX with acute @entity3 and the risk of in-hospital mortality: the German @entity1 Registers Study Group.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The reports on prevalence rates of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) have varied widely. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the prevalence rates of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: A computer search was conducted through the PubMed from 1950 to June 2015 using key words or search terms of @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity3 and prevalence. RESULTS: The search resulted in nine studies with 598 @entity2 cases identified in 5,707 @entity0 with @entity4 . The prevalence of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 ranged from 3.9% to 23.9%. The five prospective studies had prevalence rates of 12.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.9 to 13.2) whilst the four retrospective studies had prevalence rates of 8.6% (95% CI: 7.5 to 9.8). Concerning the prospective studies, the newborn study had a higher prevalence than those of other childhood studies [23.9% vs. 11.5% (95% CI: 10.4 to 12.7)]. The newborn study with the use of echocardiography had a higher prevalence than those without using echocardiography (23.9% vs. 12.8%). @entity1 was the most frequent CHD found. CONCLUSION: CHD is commonly found in a @entity0 with @entity5 . Echocardiography should be used to assess CHD in @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Prevalence of Congenital XXXX in @entity0 with Orofacial Clefts: A Systematic Review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The reports on prevalence rates of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) have varied widely. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the prevalence rates of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: A computer search was conducted through the PubMed from 1950 to June 2015 using key words or search terms of @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity3 and prevalence. RESULTS: The search resulted in nine studies with 598 @entity2 cases identified in 5,707 @entity0 with @entity4 . The prevalence of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 ranged from 3.9% to 23.9%. The five prospective studies had prevalence rates of 12.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.9 to 13.2) whilst the four retrospective studies had prevalence rates of 8.6% (95% CI: 7.5 to 9.8). Concerning the prospective studies, the newborn study had a higher prevalence than those of other childhood studies [23.9% vs. 11.5% (95% CI: 10.4 to 12.7)]. The newborn study with the use of echocardiography had a higher prevalence than those without using echocardiography (23.9% vs. 12.8%). @entity1 was the most frequent CHD found. CONCLUSION: CHD is commonly found in a @entity0 with @entity5 . Echocardiography should be used to assess CHD in @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Prevalence of Congenital @entity2 in XXXX with Orofacial Clefts: A Systematic Review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the accuracy of the @entity5 calculation by @entity6 /T formula in pediatric @entity1 @entity0 , by means of the @entity3 after the @entity1 surgery. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective review of pediatric @entity0 requiring @entity1 extraction with @entity5 implantation, between January 2006 and December 2013 was performed. Post-operative spherical equivalent was compared with the predicted calculation value from pre-operative @entity6 /T measurement, defined as @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: 139 eyes from 106 @entity0 were studied. The median age of @entity0 at surgery was 4.56 years (IQR, 14). The two most common causes of @entity1 were @entity2 (25.9%), respectively. Primary @entity5 ( @entity5 ) implantation was performed in 87 (62.6%) eyes. The mean @entity3 was -1.32  1.89 D (-7.78, 2.24). At one to three months after surgery, the mean @entity3 of @entity5 in bag and sulcus were -0.87 D and -2.02 D, respectively. In non-traumatic group, the mean @entity3 of @entity5 in bag and sulcus were -1.1 D and 2.28 D, respectively, whilst the traumatic group was -0.33 D and -1.16 D, respectively. Post-operative @entity3 within   1 diopter was found in 30 eyes (37.97%) at one to three months of follow-ups. CONCLUSION: The majority of post-operative refraction was more myopic than the taigeted @entity4 , which was calculated by @entity6 /T formula. Aiming for a more hyperopic target and @entity5 implantation in the bag would decrease the post-operative @entity3 in the use of the @entity6 /T formnula in pediatric @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Calculation by XXXX /T Formula in Pediatric Cataracts.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: to analyze @entity0 -related factors that may influence adherence in @entity0 with @entity1 in an African cardiology department. This prospective observational study took place in the in- @entity0 department of the Abidjan cardiology institute and enrolled consecutive @entity0 hospitalized for decompensated @entity1 from January to November 2014. The inclusion criteria were @entity1 in @entity0 older than 18  years, developing for at least 6  months and treated by medication. The revised @entity1 compliance questionnaire was used. The study included 121  @entity0 . Overall adherence was poor in 88.4% of @entity0 . Multiple linear regression analyses showed that use of traditional medicine was associated with poor adherence for the following 3 components: keeping follow-up appointments, medication intake, and @entity2 limitations. Overall adherence increased with the number of hospitalizations (OR  =  1.69, 95% CI 1.13-2.53; p  =  0.01). This increase persisted after adjustment for age, sex, educational level, marital status, medical insurance coverage and the use of alternative medicines (traditional and Chinese) (OR  =  1.70; CI 1.12-2.28; p  =  0.01). Adherence among black Africans with @entity1 remains poor, influenced too much by traditional medicine. Therapeutic education is essential to improve @entity0 ' knowledge about their disease and its treatment.

title: Assessment of treatment adherence among black Africans with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This paper aims to understand the transaction costs implications of two different governance modes for large scale contracting of @entity1 prevention services to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in 2 states in India as part of the National @entity2 Control Programme between 2001 and 2003. Interviews at purposively selected case study NGOs, contracting agencies and key informants as well as document review were used to compile qualitative data and make comparisons between the states on five themes theoretically proposed to shape transaction costs: institutional environment, informational problems, opportunism, scale of activity and asset specificity (the degree to which investments made specifically for the contract have value elsewhere). The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in state Y used a management agency to manage the NGO contracts whereas the @entity2 in state X contracted directly with the NGOs. A high level of uncertainty, endemic corruption and weak information systems served to weaken the contractual relationships in both states. The management agency in state Y enabled the development of a strong NGO network, greater transparency and control over corrupt practises than the contract model in state X. State X's contractual process was further weakened by inadequate @entity0 resources. The application of the transaction cost framework to contracting out public services to NGOs identified the key costs associated with the governance of @entity1 prevention services through NGO contracts in India. A more successful form of relational contract evolved within the network of the contract management agency and the NGOs. This led to improved flows of information and perceived quality, and limited corrupt practises. It is unlikely that the @entity2 on its own, with broader responsibilities and limited autonomy can achieve the same ends. The management agency approach therefore appears to be both transaction cost reducing and better able to cope with the large scale of these contracting programmes.

title: What can transaction costs tell us about governance in the delivery of large scale XXXX prevention programmes in southern India?

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: To establish the ability of the rhamnolipids biosurfactants from @entity2 , in the presence and absence of @entity4 and @entity1 , to disrupt bacterial biofilms, compared with the anionic @entity5 surfactant @entity3 ( @entity0 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity2 ATCC 15442 biofilms were disrupted by rhamnolipids at concentrations between 0.5 and 0.4g/L and with @entity0 at 0.8g/L. The combination of rhamnolipids 0.4g/L and @entity4 at 0.1 g/L showed a remarkable effect on biofilm disruption and cell killing. After 30 min of treatment most of the biofilm was disrupted and cell viability was significantly reduced. Neither @entity4 nor @entity1 has any effect on biofilm disruption at 0.1g/L. @entity0 is an effective antimicrobial agent, however in the presence of @entity4 its effect was neutralised. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that rhamnolipids at low concentration in the presence of @entity4 are promising molecules for inhibition/disruption of biofilms formed by @entity2 ATCC 15442. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The disruption of biofilms has major significance in many industrial and domestic cleaning applications and in medical situations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX biofilm disruption using microbial surfactants.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A prospective, randomized, controlled single center study was designed to evaluate clinical efficacy of a @entity4 containing bio-cellulose dressing (group B) compared to a @entity3 cream (group A) in sixty partial-thickness burn @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Local ethics committee approval was obtained and @entity0 consented. Parameters were: @entity2 reduction (VAS), healing time and wound bed condition, comparing day 0 (start) versus day 14 (end), as well as, ease of dressing use and treatment costs. RESULTS: All completed the study (n=30/n=30) and were included in the ITT analysis, with a total of 72 burns (group A: n=38, group B: n=34). We noted no differences in healing time. @entity2 reduction was significantly faster and better in group B (p<0.01). There were fewer dressing changes in group B, compared to group A. Ease of use for the bio-cellulose dressing was rated better compared to group A. In group B,     95.20 was saved for a 10 day treatment period, compared to group A. CONCLUSION: Group B demonstrated a better and faster @entity2 reduction in the treated @entity1 , compared to group A. The results indicate the @entity4 containing bio-cellulose dressing to be a safe and cost effective treatment for @entity1 .

title: Randomized controlled single center study comparing a XXXX containing bio-cellulose dressing with @entity3 cream in partial-thickness dermal burns.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A prospective, randomized, controlled single center study was designed to evaluate clinical efficacy of a @entity4 containing bio-cellulose dressing (group B) compared to a @entity3 cream (group A) in sixty partial-thickness burn @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Local ethics committee approval was obtained and @entity0 consented. Parameters were: @entity2 reduction (VAS), healing time and wound bed condition, comparing day 0 (start) versus day 14 (end), as well as, ease of dressing use and treatment costs. RESULTS: All completed the study (n=30/n=30) and were included in the ITT analysis, with a total of 72 burns (group A: n=38, group B: n=34). We noted no differences in healing time. @entity2 reduction was significantly faster and better in group B (p<0.01). There were fewer dressing changes in group B, compared to group A. Ease of use for the bio-cellulose dressing was rated better compared to group A. In group B,     95.20 was saved for a 10 day treatment period, compared to group A. CONCLUSION: Group B demonstrated a better and faster @entity2 reduction in the treated @entity1 , compared to group A. The results indicate the @entity4 containing bio-cellulose dressing to be a safe and cost effective treatment for @entity1 .

title: Randomized controlled single center study comparing a @entity4 containing bio-cellulose dressing with XXXX cream in partial-thickness dermal burns.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the accuracy of specimen radiography in evaluating the surgical margins of impalpable @entity0 . DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study from June 2009 to June 2010 in Orleans Hospital Center. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study involved @entity1 with impalpable in situ @entity0 diagnosed by mammography. Only @entity1 with larger in situ @entity2 than @entity2 were included. @entity1 underwent a breast conserving surgery after preoperative localization of the lesion. PRIMARY ENDPOINT: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value ( @entity3 ) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the specimen radiography are determined by correlation between radiologic and histologic margins. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The following results were obtained from 46 @entity1 : 36 @entity4 cases (78%), six @entity4 with IDC cases (13%), two LCIS cases (4%) and two biopsy suggested @entity4 (4%). A radiologic margin of 2mm (by analogy with the histological margins) results in a NPV of 73%. NPV, sensibility and specificity were respectively 79, 60 and 74% for a radiologic margin of 5mm. The measure or inter-rater reliability found a moderate agreement (kappa: 0.62). The systematic review on this topic found only eight articles (small samples and only two prospective studies). We could not make any recommendations from the literature review on a threshold to define excision margin status. CONCLUSION: The specimen radiography is a useful tool to assess margins of impalpable @entity0 . However, further studies are necessary as this point to determine a threshold for those radiologic margins.

title: [Specimen radiography assessment of surgical margins status in subclinical XXXX : a diagnostic study].

answer: @entity0


abstract: A "good" in vivo animal model of @entity3 must reproduce the etiology, anatomical, functional and metabolic consequences of @entity0 pathology and must also permit the study of anti- @entity2 drugs in conditions pertinent to the clinical therapeutics. As @entity3 is a very heterogeneous clinical entity, such a model could only mimic a limited part of @entity3 . Animal data are usually collected in healthy laboratory rodents of the same age, in which a standardized amount of @entity6 is induced by a reproducible intervention. In contrast, aetiology, location and severity of @entity3 in @entity0 is very heterogeneous. Among the various animal models of @entity3 , two of them are particularly used: a model of global transient @entity2 by occlusion of the 4-vessels in the @entity1 (Pulsinelli's model), which induces a delayed @entity5 in the hippocampus and model(s) of permanent or transient focal @entity6 occluding the middle cerebral artery in rodents. A large number of compounds have been shown to be active using these two animal models, but unfortunately, none of them were found to be active in clinical trials. Various factors could be responsible for this major discrepancy and some of them are not related to pre-clinical studies, but to the complexities of the clinical problem of @entity3 . Failure in the translation of results from animals models to @entity0 implicates potential limitations of the current drug development process. Retrospective analysis of studies suggests possible improvements at several stages during pre-clinical studies. Standardized guidelines for preclinical evaluation of neuroprotective drugs may improve chances of success. For example, preclinical studies should be performed in at least 2 species and 2 strains for a specific specie in order to take into account known strain and species differences. Moreover, while neuroprotection drug development is dominated by volumetric histology as the outcome measure, the demonstration of functional benefits must be performed both after short and long periods of recovery. Attempts should be made to use multiple models such as @entity3 -prone spontaneously @entity4 @entity1 , outbred rodents and aged animals that more closely simulate clinical conditions. In addition, treatment in animals should not be given immediately after ischaemia, but after a delay, as most @entity0 are not treated within minutes of @entity3 onset. Animal models should be used to determine dosage and duration of therapy, which will vary with the pharmacokinetic properties of different agents. Moreover, complete dose-response curves should be established as bell-shaped dose-responses curves may predict dose-limiting adverse effects that hinder subsequent efficacy trials. Finally, physiological monitoring (cerebral blood flow, blood pressure and gazes, body temperature, glycemia, ...) should be performed to eliminate confounding variables and to observe adverse systemic effects. The future of neuroprotection for @entity3 remains bright in spite of previous disappointments.

title: [In vivo exploration of XXXX : use of neuroprotective agents in animal studies].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Microbial analyses of fermented milk products require selective methods to discriminate between close species simultaneously present in high amounts. A culture-based method combining novel chromogenic agar media and appropriate incubation conditions was developed to enumerate @entity0 bacteria (LAB) strains in fermented milk. M1 agar, containing two chromogenic substrates, allowed selective enumeration of @entity5 , two strains of @entity6 and @entity2 based on differential b-galactosidase and b-glucosidase activities. Depending on the presence of some or all of the above strains, M1 agar was supplemented with @entity7 or @entity1 and incubations were carried out at 37    C or 44    C to increase selectivity. A second agar medium, M2, containing one chromogenic substrates was used to selectively enumerate b-galactosidase producing @entity3 at 47    C. By contrast with the usual culture media, the chromogenic method allowed unambiguous enumeration of each species, including discrimination between the two @entity4 , up to 10(9)  CFU/g of fermented milk. In addition, the relevance of the method was approved by enumerating reference ATCC strains in pure cultures and fermented milk product. The method could also be used for enumerations on non-Danone commercial fermented milk products containing strains different from those used in this study, showing versatility of the method. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a chromogenic culture method applied to selective enumeration of LAB.

title: Novel method based on chromogenic media for discrimination and selective enumeration of XXXX bacteria in fermented milk products.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Whether newly diagnosed @entity4 (nAF) after @entity1 reflects underlying @entity2 and represents an increased risk of @entity1 , or whether it is triggered by neurogenic mechanisms remains uncertain. We investigated, whether cardiovascular risk factors and echocardiographic parameters in @entity0 with nAF are similar to @entity0 with known AF (kAF) and differ from @entity0 without AF. METHODS: Consecutive acute @entity3 @entity0 were enrolled into a prospective @entity1 database. All @entity0 with echocardiography were included and univariable and multivariable testing was applied to compare clinical characteristics and echocardiographic findings among @entity0 with nAF, kAF, and no AF. RESULTS: A total of 1397 @entity0 were included (male, 62.3%; median age, 71 years). AF was present in 320 (22.9%) @entity0 . Of those, nAF was present in 36.2% (116/320) and kAF in 63.8% (204/320). No clinical or echocardiographic factor was independently associated with detection of nAF compared with kAF but a trend toward larger left atrial diameters in @entity0 with kAF was observed (P=0.070). In contrast, @entity0 with nAF were more often female (P<0.001), older (P<0.001) and had a larger left atrial diameters (P<0.001) compared with @entity0 without AF. While @entity1 severity in @entity0 with nAF and kAF was similar, @entity0 without AF had less severe @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 @entity0 with nAF and with kAF share common cardiovascular risk factors, have similar echocardiographic findings and suffer equally severe @entity1 . We conclude that preexisting @entity2 is the major cause of AF that is first diagnosed after @entity1 .

title: Preexisting @entity2 Underlies Newly Diagnosed XXXX After Acute @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Whether newly diagnosed @entity4 (nAF) after @entity1 reflects underlying @entity2 and represents an increased risk of @entity1 , or whether it is triggered by neurogenic mechanisms remains uncertain. We investigated, whether cardiovascular risk factors and echocardiographic parameters in @entity0 with nAF are similar to @entity0 with known AF (kAF) and differ from @entity0 without AF. METHODS: Consecutive acute @entity3 @entity0 were enrolled into a prospective @entity1 database. All @entity0 with echocardiography were included and univariable and multivariable testing was applied to compare clinical characteristics and echocardiographic findings among @entity0 with nAF, kAF, and no AF. RESULTS: A total of 1397 @entity0 were included (male, 62.3%; median age, 71 years). AF was present in 320 (22.9%) @entity0 . Of those, nAF was present in 36.2% (116/320) and kAF in 63.8% (204/320). No clinical or echocardiographic factor was independently associated with detection of nAF compared with kAF but a trend toward larger left atrial diameters in @entity0 with kAF was observed (P=0.070). In contrast, @entity0 with nAF were more often female (P<0.001), older (P<0.001) and had a larger left atrial diameters (P<0.001) compared with @entity0 without AF. While @entity1 severity in @entity0 with nAF and kAF was similar, @entity0 without AF had less severe @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 @entity0 with nAF and with kAF share common cardiovascular risk factors, have similar echocardiographic findings and suffer equally severe @entity1 . We conclude that preexisting @entity2 is the major cause of AF that is first diagnosed after @entity1 .

title: Preexisting @entity2 Underlies Newly Diagnosed @entity4 After Acute XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Whether newly diagnosed @entity4 (nAF) after @entity1 reflects underlying @entity2 and represents an increased risk of @entity1 , or whether it is triggered by neurogenic mechanisms remains uncertain. We investigated, whether cardiovascular risk factors and echocardiographic parameters in @entity0 with nAF are similar to @entity0 with known AF (kAF) and differ from @entity0 without AF. METHODS: Consecutive acute @entity3 @entity0 were enrolled into a prospective @entity1 database. All @entity0 with echocardiography were included and univariable and multivariable testing was applied to compare clinical characteristics and echocardiographic findings among @entity0 with nAF, kAF, and no AF. RESULTS: A total of 1397 @entity0 were included (male, 62.3%; median age, 71 years). AF was present in 320 (22.9%) @entity0 . Of those, nAF was present in 36.2% (116/320) and kAF in 63.8% (204/320). No clinical or echocardiographic factor was independently associated with detection of nAF compared with kAF but a trend toward larger left atrial diameters in @entity0 with kAF was observed (P=0.070). In contrast, @entity0 with nAF were more often female (P<0.001), older (P<0.001) and had a larger left atrial diameters (P<0.001) compared with @entity0 without AF. While @entity1 severity in @entity0 with nAF and kAF was similar, @entity0 without AF had less severe @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 @entity0 with nAF and with kAF share common cardiovascular risk factors, have similar echocardiographic findings and suffer equally severe @entity1 . We conclude that preexisting @entity2 is the major cause of AF that is first diagnosed after @entity1 .

title: Preexisting XXXX Underlies Newly Diagnosed @entity4 After Acute @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A lower glycaemic index (GI) diet is associated with a reduction in glycosylated Hb (HbA(1c)) in @entity0 with @entity1 . Yet, little research has been conducted to determine the effects of specific goals regarding consumption of low GI (LGI) foods on @entity1 outcomes. The present study evaluated a behavioural intervention on dietary intake, weight status and HbA(1c), which included a goal to consume either six or eight servings of LGI foods daily. DESIGN: A parallel two-group design was used. Following the 5-week intervention, @entity0 were randomly assigned to the group of six (n 15) or eight (n 20) servings of LGI foods daily and followed up for 8 weeks. Dietary intake was assessed using the mean of 4 d food records. SETTING: A metropolitan community in the USA. SUBJECTS: Individuals aged 40-65 years with @entity2 2 @entity1 of >= 1 year and HbA(1c) >=  7  0 % were eligible. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between goal difficulty groups with regard to GI servings at the end of the study. However, mean consumption of LGI foods increased by 2  05 (SE 0  47) and 1  65 (SE 0  40) servings per 4184 kJ in the six (P < 0  001) and eight (P < 0  001) LGI serving groups, respectively. For all @entity0 combined, there were significant decreases in mean HbA(1c) (-0  58 (SE 0  21) %; P = 0  01), weight (-2  30 (SE 0  78) kg; P = 0  01), BMI (-0  80 (SE 0  29) kg/m(2); P = 0  01) and waist circumference (-2  36 (SE 0  81) cm; P = 0  01). CONCLUSIONS: An intervention including a specific goal to consume six to eight servings of LGI foods daily can improve @entity1 outcomes. Clinicians should help @entity0 set specific targets for dietary change and identify ways of achieving those goals.

title: A behavioural intervention incorporating specific glycaemic index goals improves dietary quality, weight control and glycaemic control in adults with XXXX 2 @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A lower glycaemic index (GI) diet is associated with a reduction in glycosylated Hb (HbA(1c)) in @entity0 with @entity1 . Yet, little research has been conducted to determine the effects of specific goals regarding consumption of low GI (LGI) foods on @entity1 outcomes. The present study evaluated a behavioural intervention on dietary intake, weight status and HbA(1c), which included a goal to consume either six or eight servings of LGI foods daily. DESIGN: A parallel two-group design was used. Following the 5-week intervention, @entity0 were randomly assigned to the group of six (n 15) or eight (n 20) servings of LGI foods daily and followed up for 8 weeks. Dietary intake was assessed using the mean of 4 d food records. SETTING: A metropolitan community in the USA. SUBJECTS: Individuals aged 40-65 years with @entity2 2 @entity1 of >= 1 year and HbA(1c) >=  7  0 % were eligible. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between goal difficulty groups with regard to GI servings at the end of the study. However, mean consumption of LGI foods increased by 2  05 (SE 0  47) and 1  65 (SE 0  40) servings per 4184 kJ in the six (P < 0  001) and eight (P < 0  001) LGI serving groups, respectively. For all @entity0 combined, there were significant decreases in mean HbA(1c) (-0  58 (SE 0  21) %; P = 0  01), weight (-2  30 (SE 0  78) kg; P = 0  01), BMI (-0  80 (SE 0  29) kg/m(2); P = 0  01) and waist circumference (-2  36 (SE 0  81) cm; P = 0  01). CONCLUSIONS: An intervention including a specific goal to consume six to eight servings of LGI foods daily can improve @entity1 outcomes. Clinicians should help @entity0 set specific targets for dietary change and identify ways of achieving those goals.

title: A behavioural intervention incorporating specific glycaemic index goals improves dietary quality, weight control and glycaemic control in adults with @entity2 2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Kindlins are a novel family of intracellular adaptor proteins in integrin-containing focal adhesions. @entity4 are expressed in the skin, but whether and how they cooperate in adult epithelial cells have remained elusive. We uncovered the overlapping roles of @entity4 in maintaining epithelial integrity and show that the phenotype of @entity6 -deficient cells can be modulated by regulating @entity5 gene expression and vice versa. The experimental evidence is provided by use of @entity0 keratinocyte cell lines that express both kindlins, just @entity6 or @entity5 , or none of them. Double deficiency of @entity4 had significant negative effects on focal adhesion formation and actin cytoskeleton organization, cell adhesion, survival, directional migration, and activation of b(1) integrin, whereas @entity2 kindlin only showed variable perturbation of these functions. Cell motility and formation of cell-cell contacts were particularly affected by lack of @entity5 . These results predict that @entity4 can functionally compensate for each other, at least in part. The high physiologic and pathologic significance of the compensation was emphasized by the discovery of environmental regulation of @entity5 expression. UV-B irradiation induced loss of @entity5 in keratinocytes. This first example of environmental regulation of kindlin expression has implications for phenotype modulation in @entity3 , a @entity1 caused by @entity6 deficiency.

title: XXXX have overlapping functions in epithelial cells implications for phenotype modification.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Medication non-adherence is one of the major challenges in treating @entity0 with @entity1 . This systematic review aims to determine the clinical and economic outcomes of non-adherence in @entity1 . METHODS: A systematic search was performed across the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, DARE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; from database inception to March 31, 2015. Studies must report on the association between adherence and outcomes, and English full texts needed to be available. The quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS: A total of 11 articles were included, with eight reporting on clinical outcomes, two reporting on economic outcomes, and one reporting on both. The majority of studies were retrospective cohort studies. The mean quality of all included studies was 7, with a range from 3 to 9. Results clearly indicate that @entity0 who were non-adherent were more likely to experience increased risks of relapse and/or recurrence, emergency department visits, and hospitalization rates; increased severity of @entity1 , and a decrease in response and remission rates. The worsening of clinical outcomes in @entity0 who were non-adherent subsequently translated to an increase in healthcare utilization and charges. LIMITATIONS: No standardized adherence measurement tools were used, and few studies looked at the economic impact of non-adherence in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: There is a strong association between non-adherence to antidepressants and a worsening of @entity0 ' clinical and economic outcomes. Cost-effective interventions should be directed to this group of @entity0 to improve medication adherence.

title: Clinical and economic impact of non-adherence to antidepressants in major XXXX : A systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite recognized benefits of optimal glyacemic control in @entity0 with T1DM, this is still difficult to achieve, particularly for adolescents and young adults. Recognition of factors that may assist early optimization of glycaemic control is therefore important. AIMS: We explored associations of demographic, social and behavioural factors with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in @entity0 with T1DM aged 18-25 years. @entity0 and methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed on young adults attending a dedicated multidisciplinary clinic at Fremantle Hospital, Western Australia from January to August 2014. RESULTS: Data from 93 @entity0 was analysed. Mean age was 21.4  2.3 years and 39.8% of the cohort were female. Longer duration of @entity1 was associated with higher HbA1c (r = 0.25, p=0.04). @entity0 had lower HbA1c than @entity0 (8.2  1.6 vs. 9.2  2.0%, p=0.01). Increased frequency of clinic attendance was associated with lower HbA1c (r = -0.27, p=0.02). Those engaged in work or study had better HbA1c compared to those who were not (8.9  2.1 vs. 10.5  2.1%, p=0.03). Socioeconomic disadvantage, risk-taking behaviour, insulin pump use and distance travelled to clinic were not associated with differences in HbA1c. CONCLUSION: In young adults with T1DM, geographic separation, socioeconomic disadvantage and risk taking behaviours did not influence glycaemic control. Longer duration of @entity1 identifies young adults at higher risk of poor control, while attendance at a multidisciplinary clinic and engagement in work or study was associated with better glycemic control. Additional studies are warranted to clarify the role of behavioural interventions to improve @entity1 management in young adults.

title: Associations of demographic and behavioural factors with glycaemic control in young adults with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) acts in the first step in release of @entity0 from glycogen, a form of energy storage for most organisms. To investigate the characteristics and expression pattern of GP gene (Ofgp) in the @entity1 , @entity1 (Guen  e), larvae, we cloned and analyzed tissue transcription of Ofgp. The results indicate that the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is 2,526 bp, encoding 841 @entity2 . The calculated three-dimensional structure shows 33 a-helices and 24 b-sheets. Ofgp transcription levels varied significantly during the second to fifth instars under long-day (28  C, 16:8 L:D photoperiod, and 70-80% relative humidity (RH)) and short-day (24.5  C, 11:13 L:D photoperiod, and 70-80% RH) conditions, remained low during the prediapause phase, and then increased after about 36 d under short-day photoperiod. In the larvae reared under long-day condition, hemolymph ranked the highest in the transcript level of Ofgp. The highest transcription was recorded in the fat body and was lower in the other tissues in larvae reared under short-day condition. We found that Ofgp transcription increased linearly from October 2012 to January 2013. The transcript level was negatively correlated with environmental temperature. We infer the higher Ofgp transcription may enhance the cold hardiness of the diapause larvae.

title: EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF THE GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE GENE RELATED TO LARVAL DIAPAUSE IN XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: PET @entity3 imaging of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has the potential to stratify the response to radiochemotherapy. The aim of this work was to quantify the statistical properties of @entity1 subvolumes measured by PET, and their impact on failure rate of standard chemoradiation. METHODS: A PubMed search was undertaken to identify relevant publications between 2001 and July 2015, containing original data regarding the properties of @entity2 @entity3 subvolumes and their evolution during therapy, measured using specific PET tracers. RESULTS: The number and intensity of @entity3 voxels is significantly reduced during therapy. @entity0 are 4.2 times more likely to have negative outcome if baseline @entity3 . The change of the @entity3 volume during therapy, as well as the statistical distribution of the @entity3 fraction (HF), is quantified and analyzed. HF strongly correlates with the median T/M ( @entity1 -to-muscle) SUV (standard uptake value) ratio, but not with gross @entity1 volume. @entity3 is 2.2 times more frequently manifest in T3   +   T4 than in T1   +   T2 @entity1 . Calculated quantities are presented for primary and @entity1 separately, where available. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity3 diminishes during chemoradiation, it is a major predictor of outcome. HF, if large enough, can be predicted from the median T/M SUV ratio. CT-delineated gross @entity1 size does not influence the percentage of @entity3 voxels. @entity1 are less likely @entity3 at an earlier stage.

title: PET-based quantification of statistical properties of XXXX subvolumes in @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: PET @entity3 imaging of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has the potential to stratify the response to radiochemotherapy. The aim of this work was to quantify the statistical properties of @entity1 subvolumes measured by PET, and their impact on failure rate of standard chemoradiation. METHODS: A PubMed search was undertaken to identify relevant publications between 2001 and July 2015, containing original data regarding the properties of @entity2 @entity3 subvolumes and their evolution during therapy, measured using specific PET tracers. RESULTS: The number and intensity of @entity3 voxels is significantly reduced during therapy. @entity0 are 4.2 times more likely to have negative outcome if baseline @entity3 . The change of the @entity3 volume during therapy, as well as the statistical distribution of the @entity3 fraction (HF), is quantified and analyzed. HF strongly correlates with the median T/M ( @entity1 -to-muscle) SUV (standard uptake value) ratio, but not with gross @entity1 volume. @entity3 is 2.2 times more frequently manifest in T3   +   T4 than in T1   +   T2 @entity1 . Calculated quantities are presented for primary and @entity1 separately, where available. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity3 diminishes during chemoradiation, it is a major predictor of outcome. HF, if large enough, can be predicted from the median T/M SUV ratio. CT-delineated gross @entity1 size does not influence the percentage of @entity3 voxels. @entity1 are less likely @entity3 at an earlier stage.

title: PET-based quantification of statistical properties of @entity1 subvolumes in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity2 remains a critical aim in @entity1 care. To date, only aggressive medical and surgical efforts to control @entity4 have been demonstrated to be of benefit. Incomplete understanding of @entity6 mechanisms limits the development of more specific interventions. Periictal @entity3 is implicated in @entity6 ; postictal electroencephalography (EEG) suppression, @entity5 , and immobility may also play a role. Nocturnal supervision is protective against @entity6 , presumably by permitting intervention in the case of a life-threatening event. Resuscitative efforts were implemented promptly in near- @entity6 cases but delayed in @entity6 deaths in the Mortality in Epilepsy Monitoring Unit Study (MORTEMUS) study. Nursing interventions-including repositioning, oral suctioning, and @entity0 administration-reduce @entity4 duration, @entity7 , and EEG suppression in the @entity1 monitoring unit ( @entity8 ), but have not been studied in outpatients. Cardiac pacemakers or cardioverter-defibrillator devices may be of benefit in a few select individuals. A role for implantable neurostimulators has not yet been established. @entity4 detection devices, including those that monitor generalized tonic-clonic @entity4 -associated movements or cardiorespiratory parameters, may provide a means to permit timely periictal intervention. However, these and other devices, such as antisuffocation pillows, have not been adequately investigated with respect to @entity6 prevention.

title: From unwitnessed fatality to witnessed rescue: Nonpharmacologic interventions in sudden unexpected death in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Previous studies indicate that sympathetic efferent nerves to the carotid sinus can modulate carotid sinus baroreceptor (BR) activity. There are, however, no studies that demonstrate this in the aortic arch. Since application of exogenous @entity1 to the aortic arch can alter BR activity, we examined whether electrically stimulating the efferent innervation would likewise be effective. We used an in vitro preparation from anesthetized @entity0 . This consisted of the aortic arch and sections of the aortic afferent and sympathetic efferent nerves. The aorta was perfused at a constant pulseless pressure set 10-15 mmHg above BR pressure threshold, and aortic diameter was measured with a photoelectric device. We electrically stimulated the efferent innervation with 1-ms duration constant-voltage pulses, while simultaneously recording aortic pressure, diameter, and BR discharge. In 12 of 18 @entity3 , discharge decreased with vasoconstriction and subsequently recovered with vasorelaxation. This BR inhibition was blocked when constriction was prevented with the alpha-adrenergic antagonist prazosin (10(-6) M). In the remaining six @entity3 , discharge increased in five units and remained constant in one unit; however, the excitation occurred only during and a few seconds after the stimulus period. Discharge then fell below control while aortic constriction persisted and subsequently increased back to control with aortic relaxation. In this second group of fibers, treatment with the smooth muscle relaxant @entity2 (10(-6) M) prevented BR inhibition but not excitation. Lastly, BR responses were eliminated if the efferent nerve was crushed but not cut, indicating that the sensory endings were not activated directly by electrotonic current spread.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Sympathetic modulation of XXXX aortic baroreceptors in vitro.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: We sought to evaluate preoperative and postoperative productivity losses and quality of life (QOL) impairment reported by @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) as compared to @entity0 with chronic rhinosinusitis without @entity4 (CRSsNP). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, multi-institutional, nested case-control. METHODS: @entity0 with @entity3 (n = 20) and CRSsNP (n = 20) undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) were enrolled as part of a prospective cohort study. For comparison, @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 cases were age/gender-matched to control @entity0 diagnosed with CRSsNP using a 1:1 ratio. RESULTS: @entity3 and CRSsNP @entity0 were followed for    14 months postoperatively. Productivity losses were reported as the number of days missed from normal productive activities out of the previous 90 days. @entity3 @entity0 reported similar baseline productivity losses (12.6    27.1 [standard deviation]) as @entity0 with CRSsNP (11.7    20.9; P = .314). Postoperatively, improvement in productivity losses was similar between @entity3 @entity0 and CRSsNP controls (-6.7    20.0 vs. -9.8    19.1; P = .253). Preoperative and postoperative disease-specific QOL measures (Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test-22 and Rhinosinusitis Disability Index) were similar between the two groups. @entity3 @entity0 reported a significant decrease in days of previous antibiotic (P = .009) and nasal decongestant (P = .004) use following ESS, whereas @entity0 with CRSsNP reported a significant decrease in antibiotic (P = .002) and oral @entity2 use (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 @entity0 report baseline productivity losses and disease-specific @entity1 to levels that parallel those with CRSsNP. @entity0 with @entity3 report improvement in QOL following ESS in all disease-specific QOL measures and in several medication measures. Productivity losses and postoperative improvements are similar between @entity0 with @entity3 and CRSsNP. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b Laryngoscope, 126:1046-1053, 2016.

title: Productivity outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Bileaflet @entity8 (BiMVP) is common among survivors of otherwise unexplained @entity3 , but prognostic implications of BiMVP are unknown. This study evaluated whether @entity0 with BiMVP are at higher risk for @entity2 , @entity6 placement, or @entity1 compared to controls with either single-leaflet @entity8 (SiMVP) or no @entity8 ( @entity8 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: This retrospective, matched cohort study included 18,786 @entity0 who underwent echocardiography at Mayo Clinic between June 1990 and September 2014. The study included three cohorts: BiMVP, SiMVP, and controls without @entity8 . We assessed rates of @entity2 , @entity6 placement, and all-cause mortality between groups. BiMVP was associated with higher rates of @entity4 compared to SiMVP and controls (adjusted HR 1.48 [1.14-1.92], p = 0.003 and 1.40 [1.04-1.88], p = 0.026 respectively); however, there were no statistically significant differences in rates of @entity5 or @entity6 placement between groups. BiMVP was associated with a lower rate of all-cause mortality compared to SiMVP and controls (adjusted HR 0.86 [0.79-0.94], p = 0.0008, and 0.55 [0.50-0.60], p < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION: Although BiMVP is associated with @entity4 , it is not associated with an increased risk of @entity5 / @entity7 or @entity6 implantation and is, paradoxically, associated with a better survival compared to SiMVP or matched controls. The findings suggest that, despite its association with @entity4 , BiMVP in the absence of other risk factors does not seem to portend a poor prognosis at the population level. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Bileaflet Mitral Valve Prolapse and Risk of XXXX and @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Bileaflet @entity8 (BiMVP) is common among survivors of otherwise unexplained @entity3 , but prognostic implications of BiMVP are unknown. This study evaluated whether @entity0 with BiMVP are at higher risk for @entity2 , @entity6 placement, or @entity1 compared to controls with either single-leaflet @entity8 (SiMVP) or no @entity8 ( @entity8 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: This retrospective, matched cohort study included 18,786 @entity0 who underwent echocardiography at Mayo Clinic between June 1990 and September 2014. The study included three cohorts: BiMVP, SiMVP, and controls without @entity8 . We assessed rates of @entity2 , @entity6 placement, and all-cause mortality between groups. BiMVP was associated with higher rates of @entity4 compared to SiMVP and controls (adjusted HR 1.48 [1.14-1.92], p = 0.003 and 1.40 [1.04-1.88], p = 0.026 respectively); however, there were no statistically significant differences in rates of @entity5 or @entity6 placement between groups. BiMVP was associated with a lower rate of all-cause mortality compared to SiMVP and controls (adjusted HR 0.86 [0.79-0.94], p = 0.0008, and 0.55 [0.50-0.60], p < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION: Although BiMVP is associated with @entity4 , it is not associated with an increased risk of @entity5 / @entity7 or @entity6 implantation and is, paradoxically, associated with a better survival compared to SiMVP or matched controls. The findings suggest that, despite its association with @entity4 , BiMVP in the absence of other risk factors does not seem to portend a poor prognosis at the population level. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Bileaflet Mitral Valve Prolapse and Risk of @entity2 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1