abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of neuropsychiatric @entity0 Centred Outcome Measures (PCOMs) in routine @entity0 mental health and paediatric services is very time consuming and often requires multiple scales being completed as no single scale covers all areas of psychopathology. The use of a web-based programme can overcome these problems and contribute to improved use of PCOMs in clinical practice. We aim to develop a web-based scale (using HealthTracker   ) to screen and identify young @entity0 with significant @entity1 to enable early intervention. METHODS: Qualitative development of the Profile of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (PONS) and quantitative evaluation of the psychometric properties of the PONS scale (parent version). Parents of 929 from the general population and 147 with @entity1 (5-18 years old) completed the PONS online. In addition, those @entity0 with @entity1 were assessed for the presence of current and lifetime @entity1 disorders using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA). RESULTS: The PONS scale (parent version) consists of 30 symptom domains rated on a 7-point scale for both frequency and impairment. We found an intra-class correlation coefficient for single measures was 0.44 (0.42-0.46 95 % CI, F   =   22.84, p    <=   0.0001) and for average measures was 0.96 (0.95-0.96 95 % CI, F   =   22.84, p    <=   0.0001). The factor analysis showed a 4-factor model: @entity3 ; Behavioural and Emotional Dysregulation; Psychoses and Personality Dysfunction; and @entity2 and @entity4 . The receiver operating characteristic area for the 4-factors was 0.96 (SE   =   0.006; 0.95-0.97 95 % CI). CONCLUSIONS: The PONS scale (parent version) is a web-based PCOM on the HealthTracker    system that is a rapid, engaging measure that has excellent reliability and validity. The system allows for automated scoring and immediate feedback of statistical cut-off points and assists clinicians with diagnostic decision-making and optimises use of clinician time.

title: Development and psychometric properties of the parent version of the Profile of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (PONS) in XXXX and adolescents.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Various point-of-care testing (POCT) urine analysers are commercially available for routine urine analysis in general practice. The present study compares analytical performance, agreement and user-friendliness of six different POCT urine analysers for diagnosing @entity0 in general practice. SETTING: All testing procedures were performed at a diagnostic centre for primary care in the Netherlands. Urine samples were collected at four general practices. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Analytical performance and agreement of the POCT analysers regarding @entity1 , leucocytes and erythrocytes, with the laboratory reference standard, was the primary outcome measure, and analysed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and Cohen's k coefficient for agreement. Secondary outcome measures were the user-friendliness of the POCT analysers, in addition to other characteristics of the analysers. RESULTS: The following six POCT analysers were evaluated: Uryxxon Relax (Macherey Nagel), Urisys 1100 (Roche), Clinitek Status ( @entity2 ), Aution 11 (Menarini), Aution Micro (Menarini) and Urilyzer (Analyticon). Analytical performance was good for all analysers. Compared with laboratory reference standards, overall agreement was good, but differed per parameter and per analyser. Concerning the @entity1 test, the most important test for clinical practice, all but one showed perfect agreement with the laboratory standard. For leucocytes and erythrocytes specificity was high, but sensitivity was considerably lower. Agreement for leucocytes varied between good to very good, and for the erythrocyte test between fair and good. First-time users indicated that the analysers were easy to use. They expected higher productivity and accuracy when using these analysers in daily practice. CONCLUSIONS: The overall performance and user-friendliness of all six commercially available POCT urine analysers was sufficient to justify routine use in suspected @entity0 in general practice.

title: Analytical performance, agreement and user-friendliness of six point-of-care testing urine analysers for XXXX in general practice.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A key regulator of swarming in @entity1 is the Rcs phosphorelay, which represses flhDC, encoding the master flagellar regulator FlhD4C2. Mutants in rcsB, the response regulator in the Rcs phosphorelay, hyperswarm on solid agar and differentiate into swarmer cells in liquid, demonstrating that this system also influences the expression of genes central to differentiation. To gain a further understanding of RcsB-regulated genes involved in swarmer cell differentiation, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to examine the RcsB regulon. Among the 133 genes identified, minC and minD, encoding cell division inhibitors, were identified as RcsB-activated genes. A third gene, minE, was shown to be part of an operon with minCD. To examine minCDE regulation, the min promoter was identified by 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'-RACE), and both transcriptional lacZ fusions and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase (qRT) PCR were used to confirm that the minCDE operon was RcsB activated. Purified RcsB was capable of directly binding the minC promoter region. To determine the role of RcsB-mediated activation of minCDE in swarmer cell differentiation, a polar minC mutation was constructed. This mutant formed minicells during growth in liquid, produced shortened swarmer cells during differentiation, and exhibited @entity0 . IMPORTANCE: This work describes the regulation and role of the MinCDE cell division system in @entity2 swarming and swarmer cell elongation. Prior to this study, the mechanisms that inhibit cell division and allow swarmer cell elongation were unknown. In addition, this work outlines for the first time the RcsB regulon in @entity2 . Taken together, the data presented in this study begin to address how @entity2 elongates upon contact with a solid surface.

title: Regulation of the Min Cell Division Inhibition Complex by the Rcs Phosphorelay in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 is an uncommon disease characterized by @entity1 , @entity6 and symptoms of @entity2 . The etiology is unknown, however there is evidence for an autoimmune pathogenesis. The "typical" @entity10 presents as bilateral @entity11 . The presence of other inflammatory manifestations in addition of @entity7 has been termed as "atypical" @entity10 . @entity0 : We report on six @entity0 presenting with typical as well as atypical ocular manifestations between 1982 and 1994. Typically, the illness was accompanied by systemic symptoms. Each @entity0 had audiovestibular involvement, that was the initial presentation in 4 cases. @entity5 often preceded @entity4 . Five of our @entity0 not only presented with @entity7 but also demonstrated signs of @entity1 diagnosed as @entity9 or @entity9 . In two @entity0 these ocular symptoms were the first signs of @entity10 , recurred periodically and did not respond to corticosteroids. RESULTS: In 3 @entity0 that were diagnosed early and treatment with @entity3 was initiated early, hearing could be stabilized, in the remaining @entity0 @entity8 could not be prevented. CONCLUSION: The importance of being aware that @entity6 may occur in @entity0 with @entity1 , and the fact that early immunotherapy may prevent the risk of @entity8 , has to be emphasized.

title: [ XXXX : too often detected too late? A contribution to early diagnosis of @entity10 ].

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 is an uncommon disease characterized by @entity1 , @entity6 and symptoms of @entity2 . The etiology is unknown, however there is evidence for an autoimmune pathogenesis. The "typical" @entity10 presents as bilateral @entity11 . The presence of other inflammatory manifestations in addition of @entity7 has been termed as "atypical" @entity10 . @entity0 : We report on six @entity0 presenting with typical as well as atypical ocular manifestations between 1982 and 1994. Typically, the illness was accompanied by systemic symptoms. Each @entity0 had audiovestibular involvement, that was the initial presentation in 4 cases. @entity5 often preceded @entity4 . Five of our @entity0 not only presented with @entity7 but also demonstrated signs of @entity1 diagnosed as @entity9 or @entity9 . In two @entity0 these ocular symptoms were the first signs of @entity10 , recurred periodically and did not respond to corticosteroids. RESULTS: In 3 @entity0 that were diagnosed early and treatment with @entity3 was initiated early, hearing could be stabilized, in the remaining @entity0 @entity8 could not be prevented. CONCLUSION: The importance of being aware that @entity6 may occur in @entity0 with @entity1 , and the fact that early immunotherapy may prevent the risk of @entity8 , has to be emphasized.

title: [ @entity10 : too often detected too late? A contribution to early diagnosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic inflammatory response was shown to play an important role in development and progression of many @entity1 types and different inflammation-based indices were used for determining prognosis. We aimed to investigate the prognostic effects of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity2 @entity0 diagnosed in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics were recorded. NLR and PNI was calculated before the application of any treatment. RESULTS: A total of 138 @entity0 were included in the study. @entity0 were divided into two groups according to NLR (<3.24 or >= 3.24) and PNI (<49.5 or >= 49.5). While median overall survival was 37.0 (95% CI 17.5-56.5) months in the group with low NLR, it was calculated as 10.0 (95%CI 5.0-15.0) months in the group with high NLR (p<0.0001). While median overall survival was 7.0 (95%CI 3.5-10.5) months in the group with low PNI, it was calculated as 33.0 (95% CI 15.5-50.4) months in the group with high PNI (p<0.0001). Stage, NLR and PNI levels were evaluated as independent risk factors for overall survival for all @entity0 in multivariate analysis (p<0.0001, p=0.04 and p<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: NLR (>= 3.24) and PNI (<49.5) at diagnosis is an independent marker of poor outcome in @entity0 with @entity2 . NLR and PNI is an easily measured, reproducible prognostic tests that could be considered in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Assessment of Prognostic Value of "Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio" and "Prognostic Nutritional Index" as a Sytemic Inflammatory Marker in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) were recorded under voltage-clamp conditions. Consistent with activation of non- @entity0 -type @entity3 receptors, the sEPSCs reversed at potentials above 0 mV, were blocked by 1 microM CNQX and prolonged by 2 mM @entity7 . 2. The peak conductance of the averaged sEPSCs (n = 70-400) was 130 +/- 60 pS (mean +/- S.D.; 17 cells, ranging from 70 to 290 pS). Amplitude distributions were skewed towards larger amplitudes. 3. The decay of individual and mean sEPSCs was exponential with a mean time constant (tau d) of 3.75 +/- 0.84 ms (n = 13), which was voltage independent. The 10-90% rise time of the sEPSCs was 1.30 +/- 0.44 ms (n = 13). There was no correlation between sEPSC rise time and tau d suggesting that dendritic filtering alone did not shape the time course of sEPSCs. 4. Light-evoked EPSCs in these @entity5 cells are mediated by concomitant activation of @entity0 and non- @entity0 receptors; however, no @entity0 component was discerned in the sEPSCs, even when recording at -96 mV in @entity2 -free solutions. The decay time course was not altered by 20 microM AP7, an @entity0 antagonist, nor was an @entity0 component unmasked by adding @entity4 or @entity6 . These results suggest that @entity0 and non- @entity0 receptors are not coactivated by a single vesicle of transmitter during spontaneous release, and thus are probably not colocalized in the postsynaptic membrane at the sites of spontaneous release. 5. The sEPSCs were an order of magnitude faster than the non- @entity0 receptor-mediated EPSCs evoked by light stimuli, and it is proposed that the EPSC time course is determined largely by the extended time course of release of synaptic vesicles from @entity1 . The quantal content of a light-evoked non- @entity0 receptor-mediated EPSC in an on-off cell is about 200 quanta.

title: Characterization of spontaneous excitatory synaptic currents in salamander XXXX cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: 1. The effects of hyperosmotic stress on cytosolic @entity1 concentration ([ @entity0 ]i) were studied by ratio image analysis in single cells of an osteoblast-like bone cell line (RCJ 1.20) loaded with @entity2 AM. 2. The ratio (340 nm/380 nm) of steady-state [ @entity0 ]i in resting osteoblasts kept in Hepes-buffered medium was 0.82 +/- 0.04. A hyperosmotic stimulus (200 mosmol l-1 @entity4 ) produced a [ @entity0 ]i transient with a peak ratio of 1.28 +/- 0.09, which decayed with an apparent half-life (t1/2) of 42.7 +/- 2.6 s. 3. The hyperosmotically induced [ @entity0 ]i transients were insensitive to @entity5 , @entity9 or @entity3 , which excludes the involvement of @entity11 -sensitive @entity0 channels in the process. Non-specific @entity0 channel blockers ( @entity7 , @entity8 , @entity12 or @entity13 ) partially abolished the hyperosmotically induced [ @entity0 ]i elevation, indicating the contribution of extracellular @entity0 influx. 4. A hyperosmotic stimulus applied in @entity0 -free medium (0.5 mM @entity10 ) lowered the [ @entity0 ]i peak to a ratio of 0.96 +/- 0.08 (P < 0.001) compared with a @entity0 -containing medium. This suggests that the [ @entity0 ]i increase is due to extracellular influx, as well as release from an intracellular @entity0 pool. 5. Application of @entity6 (0.5 microM), a specific inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum @entity0 -ATPase, in @entity0 -free medium caused transient [ @entity0 ]i elevation to peak ratios of 1.33 +/- 0.09, and completely abolished the [ @entity0 ]i response to a hyperosmotic stimulus. This implies the existence of a @entity6 -sensitive intracellular pool of @entity0 that is mobilized by hyperosmotic stimulus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Hyperosmotic modulation of the cytosolic XXXX concentration in a rat osteoblast-like cell line.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity6 ) are a highly consumed class of @entity4 and their consumption has been linked to beneficial effects in type 2 @entity0 . However, limited gastrointestinal absorption occurs due to the polymeric structure of @entity6 . We hypothesized that hydrolysis of the @entity6 polymer would increase bioavailability, thus leading to enhanced beneficial effects on @entity2 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function. @entity6 -rich @entity5 seed coats (PSC) were supplemented to a high-fat diet (HFD) either in native ( @entity6 ) or hydrolyzed (HPAC) form fed to @entity1 for 4 weeks. HFD or low-fat diet groups were controls. @entity6 -derived compounds were characterized in both PSC and serum. @entity2 and insulin tolerance tests were conducted. Pancreatic a-cell and b-cell areas and @entity2 -stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from isolated islets were measured. Increased @entity6 -derived metabolites were detected in the serum of HPAC-fed @entity1 compared to @entity6 -fed @entity1 , suggesting hydrolysis of PSC-enhanced @entity6 bioavailability. This was associated with ~18% less (P<.05) @entity3 compared to HFD without affecting food intake, as well as improvement in @entity2 disposal in vivo. There was a 2-fold decrease of a/b-cell area ratio and a 2.5-fold increase in GSIS from isolated islets of HPAC-fed @entity1 . These results demonstrate that hydrolysis of PSC-derived @entity6 increased the bioavailability of @entity6 -derived products, which is critical for enhancing beneficial effects on @entity2 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function.

title: Hydrolysis enhances bioavailability of proanthocyanidin-derived metabolites and improves b-cell function in XXXX intolerant @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity6 ) are a highly consumed class of @entity4 and their consumption has been linked to beneficial effects in type 2 @entity0 . However, limited gastrointestinal absorption occurs due to the polymeric structure of @entity6 . We hypothesized that hydrolysis of the @entity6 polymer would increase bioavailability, thus leading to enhanced beneficial effects on @entity2 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function. @entity6 -rich @entity5 seed coats (PSC) were supplemented to a high-fat diet (HFD) either in native ( @entity6 ) or hydrolyzed (HPAC) form fed to @entity1 for 4 weeks. HFD or low-fat diet groups were controls. @entity6 -derived compounds were characterized in both PSC and serum. @entity2 and insulin tolerance tests were conducted. Pancreatic a-cell and b-cell areas and @entity2 -stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from isolated islets were measured. Increased @entity6 -derived metabolites were detected in the serum of HPAC-fed @entity1 compared to @entity6 -fed @entity1 , suggesting hydrolysis of PSC-enhanced @entity6 bioavailability. This was associated with ~18% less (P<.05) @entity3 compared to HFD without affecting food intake, as well as improvement in @entity2 disposal in vivo. There was a 2-fold decrease of a/b-cell area ratio and a 2.5-fold increase in GSIS from isolated islets of HPAC-fed @entity1 . These results demonstrate that hydrolysis of PSC-derived @entity6 increased the bioavailability of @entity6 -derived products, which is critical for enhancing beneficial effects on @entity2 homeostasis and pancreatic b-cell function.

title: Hydrolysis enhances bioavailability of proanthocyanidin-derived metabolites and improves b-cell function in @entity2 intolerant XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We aimed to study the relationship between two morphological parameters recently described on MRI images in relation to @entity3 ( @entity3 ): the first is the sedimentation sign (SedS) and the second is the morphological grading of lumbar @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRIs from a total of 137 @entity0 were studied. From those, 110 were issued from a prospective database of symptomatic @entity3 @entity0 , of whom 73 were treated surgically and 37 conservatively based on symptom severity. A third group consisting of 27 subjects complaining of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) served as control. Severity of @entity1 was judged at disc level using the four A to D grade morphological classification. The presence of a SedS was judged at pedicle level, above or below the site of maximal @entity1 . RESULTS: A positive SedS was observed in 58, 69 and 76% of @entity0 demonstrating B, C and D morphology, respectively, but in none with grade A morphology. The SedS was positive in 67 and 35% of the surgically and conservatively treated @entity0 , respectively, and in 8% of the @entity2 group. C and D morphological grades were present in 97 and 35% of @entity0 in the surgically and conservatively treated group, respectively, and in 18% of the @entity2 group. Presence of a positive SedS carried an increased risk of being submitted to surgery in the symptomatic @entity3 group (OR 3.5). This risk was even higher in the @entity3 @entity0 demonstrating grade C or D morphology (OR 65). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: One-third of surgically treated @entity3 @entity0 do not present a SedS. This sign appears to be a lesser predictor of treatment modality in our setting of symptomatic @entity3 @entity0 compared to the severity of @entity1 judged by the morphological grade.

title: Relationship between sedimentation sign and morphological grade in symptomatic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: Nebulette is a 109 kDa modular protein localized in the sarcomeric Z-line of the heart. In vitro studies have suggested a role of nebulette in stabilizing the thin filament, and missense mutations in the nebulette gene were recently shown to be causative for @entity3 and @entity4 in @entity0 and @entity1 . However, the role of nebulette in vivo has remained elusive. To provide insights into the function of nebulette in vivo, we generated and studied nebulette-deficient ( @entity6 (-) (/-)) @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity6 (-) (/-) @entity1 were generated by replacement of exon 1 by Cre under the control of the endogenous nebulette promoter, allowing for lineage analysis using the @entity5 Cre reporter strain. This revealed specific expression of nebulette in the heart, consistent with in situ hybridization results. @entity6 (-) (/-) @entity1 exhibited normal cardiac function both under basal conditions and in response to transaortic constriction as assessed by echocardiography and haemodynamic analyses. Furthermore, histological, IF, and western blot analysis showed no @entity2 in @entity6 (-) (/-) @entity1 up to 8 months of age. In contrast, transmission electron microscopy showed Z-line widening starting from 5 months of age, suggesting that nebulette is important for the integrity of the Z-line. Furthermore, up-regulation of cardiac stress responsive genes suggests the presence of chronic cardiac stress in @entity6 (-) (/-) @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Nebulette is dispensable for normal cardiac function, although Z-line widening and up-regulation of cardiac stress markers were found in @entity6 (-) (/-) heart. These results suggest that the nebulette disease causing mutations have dominant gain-of-function effects.

title: Nebulette knockout XXXX have normal cardiac function, but show Z-line widening and up-regulation of cardiac stress markers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. Type A or type D botulinum toxin administered to @entity0 did not produce a generalized @entity1 of skeletal muscles at the time of @entity2 . However, if survival was extended by artificial ventilation complete blockade of neuromuscular transmission developed 6.5 hr after 100 @entity5 and 5 hr after 1000 @entity5 of type A toxin. The onset of @entity1 of a muscle was shortened by repetitive stimulation of the motor nerves.2. There was no consistent blockade of parasympathetically innervated viscera in animals dying after type A toxin. Animals given type D toxin displayed @entity4 and urinary retention before death.3. Motor responses to electrical stimulation, of bladder preparations in vitro were more vulnerable to type D than to type A toxin. When somatic @entity1 was complete in animals treated with type A or type D toxin the excised bladders produced pressure elevations 45 and 25%, respectively, of control preparations.4. During electrical stimulation of bladder preparations nearly paralysed by either toxin, the @entity3 release was significantly diminished from controls. In the @entity0 bladder botulinum toxin specifically disrupted the liberation of mediator from post-ganglionic nerve endings.

title: Motor responses of the urinary bladder and skeletal muscle in botulinum intoxicated XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: We sought to evaluate the ability of the Identification of Seniors At Risk (ISAR) tool to differentiate between older adult @entity0 having a poor outcome within 30   days of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) care and those who do not. We compare prognostic accuracy of subjective versus objective risk factors. METHODS: 202 community-dwelling @entity0 age 65   years and older presenting to two EDs were prospectively enrolled. @entity0 completed the six-question ISAR and objective testing (cognition, ambulation, vision). We reviewed electronic medical records for current medications, hospitalisations in the past six   months, @entity2 disposition, length of hospital stay, subsequent @entity2 visits or inpatient admissions or @entity1 at 30   days. @entity0 were given a point for each risk factor present; subjective and objective risk factors were scored separately. We tested ability of individual risk factors and scores to predict a composite outcome of subsequent @entity2 visit, postdischarge hospitalisation or @entity1 by day 30 after the index @entity2 visit. We computed receiver operating curve area under the curves (AUC) to determine tool discrimination. RESULTS: 23% of @entity0 had a poor 30-day outcome. The optimum subjective ISAR cut-off score for screening was >= 2, which was present in 84% of @entity0 , had a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 19%. Using the subjective ISAR tool, the AUC was 0.66. The optimum objective ISAR-related risk cut-off score for screening was >= 3, which was present in 82% of @entity0 , had a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 40%. Using the objective ISAR-related tool, the AUC was 0.69. CONCLUSIONS: The self-reported ISAR tool did not discriminate well between older adults with or without 30-day hospital revisit or @entity1 . An optimum score of >= 2 would identify many older adults at no apparent increased risk of poor outcomes at 30   days. Using objective ISAR-related risk factors did not improve overall discrimination.

title: Predicting older adults who return to the hospital or die within 30   days of XXXX care using the ISAR tool: subjective versus objective risk factors.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Inhibition by ultraviolet light of beta-galactosidase and alkaline phosphatase synthesis was investigated in both ultraviolet (UV)-sensitive and UV-resistant (wild-type) @entity1 , with the objective of determining the sensitivity of various targets. Kinetics of enzyme formation by unmated bacteria and in mating systems, in which the donor provided the specific genetic material and the recipient the cytoplasm, permit the following conclusions regarding the sensitivity of various targets. Catabolite repression resulting from @entity0 causes most of the inhibition of beta-galactosidase formation. When it is largely eliminated by a step-down in nutrition, the principal target in UV-sensitive bacteria appears to be the structural gene (lacZ(+)), but damage to the cytoplasm is also important. Transitory inhibition by inactivation of messenger @entity3 is also observed. In wild-type bacteria, repair reduces the importance of lesions in deoxyribonucleic acid sufficiently that cytoplasmic damage appears to be at least as important. Repair occurs within 10 min, as shown by recovery of enzyme-synthesizing ability. @entity2 and @entity4 prevent recovery. Newly mated bacteria respond to irradiation very differently than do unmated bacteria. The beta-galactosidase or alkaline phosphatase structural gene (lacZ(+) or phoP(+)) is much more inhibited after it is transferred than it is in unmated bacteria. This sensitivity seems to depend on a sensitive state of the injected material, rather than on a different physiological condition of the entire zygote. Irradiation of recipient uvr(+) bacteria much more strongly inhibited expression of injected genes than if the F(-) was uvr(s). Studies on mating systems are not very useful for learning about the function of unmated bacteria.

title: Ultraviolet-sensitive targets in the enzyme-synthesizing apparatus of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prospective data spanning childhood and adolescence are needed to better understand @entity1 incidence among @entity0 and to identify important periods for intervention. OBJECTIVE: To describe gender differences in @entity2 and @entity1 from infancy to late adolescence in a South African cohort. METHODS: We analysed body mass index at 1-2 years, 4-8 years, 11-12 years, 13-15 years and 16-18 years among 1172 @entity0 in the South African Birth-to-Twenty cohort. RESULTS: Among @entity0 , @entity2 and @entity1 prevalence declined from age 1-2 years to 16-18 years. Among @entity0 , @entity2 and @entity1 prevalence increased from 4-8 years to 16-18 years. Obesity incidence was highest from 4-8 years to 11-12 years in @entity0 (6.8 cases per 1000 @entity0 -years) and from 11-12 years to 13-15 years in @entity0 (11.2 cases per 1000 @entity0 -years). Among @entity0 , @entity1 at 16-18 years was associated with @entity2 (odds ratio [OR]   =   3.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8-7.2) or @entity1 (OR   =   8.0; 95% CI 3.7-17.6) at 1-2 years and @entity2 (OR   =   6.8; 95% CI 3.3-13.9) or @entity1 (OR   =   42.3; 95% CI 15.0-118.8) at 4-8 years; for @entity0 , @entity1 at 16-18 years was associated with @entity2 at 1-2 years (OR   =   5.6; 95% CI 1.7-18.0) and @entity1 at 4-8 years (OR   =   19.7; 95% CI 5.1-75.9). CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity0 , @entity2 and @entity1 increased throughout childhood. Overweight and @entity1 were not widely prevalent among @entity0 . Early childhood and post-puberty may be important periods for intervention among @entity0 .

title: Sex differences in XXXX incidence: 20-year prospective cohort in South Africa.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirate cytology fails to diagnose many malignant thyroid nodules; consequently, @entity0 may undergo diagnostic lobectomy. This study assessed whether textural analysis (TA) could noninvasively stratify thyroid nodules accurately using diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI). METHODS: This multi-institutional study examined 3T DW-MRI images obtained with spin echo echo planar imaging sequences. The training data set included 26 @entity0 from Cambridge, United Kingdom, and the test data set included 18 @entity1 @entity0 from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (New York, New York, USA). Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were compared over regions of interest (ROIs) defined on thyroid nodules. TA, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and feature reduction were performed using the 21 MaZda-generated texture parameters that best distinguished benign and malignant ROIs. RESULTS: Training data set mean ADC values were significantly different for benign and malignant nodules (P   =   0.02) with a sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 63%, respectively, and a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73. The LDA model of the top 21 textural features correctly classified 89/94 DW-MRI ROIs with 92% sensitivity, 96% specificity, and an AUC of 0.97. This algorithm correctly classified 16/18 (89%) @entity0 in the independently obtained test set of thyroid DW-MRI scans. CONCLUSION: TA classifies thyroid nodules with high sensitivity and specificity on multi-institutional DW-MRI data sets. This method requires further validation in a larger prospective study. Magn Reson Med, 2015.    2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Magn Reson Med 75:1708-1716, 2016.    2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance.

title: Multi-institutional validation of a novel textural analysis tool for preoperative stratification of suspected XXXX on diffusion-weighted MRI.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 is still a major public health threat in Thailand. The introduction of a short course of chemotherapy at national level might help reduce the magnitude of the problem. In order to assess the efficacy and toleration of two different regimens of chemotherapy under field conditions, a comparative clinically controlled trial was conducted at the Central Chest Hospital in Nonthaburi, Thailand. From January 1988 to August 1990, 199, newly diagnosed, untreated, sputum positive @entity2 @entity0 were allocated randomly to two treatment groups; in Group A, 97 @entity0 received Rifater daily for the first 2 months, followed by Rifinah daily for 4 months (2 Rifater/4 Rifinah). In Group B, 102 @entity0 received Rifater supplemented by @entity4 daily for the first 2 months followed by @entity5 and @entity3 daily for 6 months (2 Rifater @entity6 /6 HT.) Treatment results were very satisfactory in both groups. At the end of treatment conversion rates were 100 per cent in Group A, and 99 per cent in Group B. After a period of 36 months following completion of treatment, relapse rates of 3 per cent for Group A and 4 per cent for Group B were observed. Adverse reactions were minimal in both groups, but acne formation and gastrointestinal symptoms were noticed more in Group B, suggestive of @entity5 side effects. This study shows that, the 6-months regimen is as effective as the 8-months regimen. Although the 8-months regimen is cheaper, it causes more @entity1 and skin reaction which might led to less @entity0 compliance and result in a lower cure rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: A comparison of two short course XXXX chemotherapy regimens, both using Rifater during an intensive phase, with a 3 year follow-up.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Crystallins are the major structural @entity6 responsible for maintaining the refractive index of the lens. However, recent studies suggest that they also have a functional significance in non-lenticular tissues. Prolonged uncontrolled @entity1 results in the development of macro and microvascular complications that are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in @entity1 @entity0 all over the world. SCOPE OF REVIEW: Recent studies have shown that crystallins play an instrumental role in @entity1 and its complications. Therefore, this review highlights the current data on the impact of chronic @entity9 on expression, distribution, glycation, phosphorylation, chaperone-like function and, anti-apoptotic activity of crystallins. Furthermore, we discussed the insights for developing therapeutic strategies for @entity8 including natural agents, peptides, and pharmacological chaperones that modulate or mimic chaperone activity of a-crystallins. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: Upregulation of crystallins appears to be a common feature of chronic @entity1 . Further, chronic @entity9 induces the glycation and phosphorylation of crystallins, mainly a-crystallins and thereby alters their properties. The disturbed interaction of aB-crystallin with various apoptotic mediators including @entity5 and caspases is also an important factor for increased cell death in @entity1 . Numerous dietary agents, peptides, and chemical chaperones prevent apoptosis and the loss of chaperone activity in @entity1 . GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Understanding the role of crystallins will aid in developing therapeutic strategies for alleviating pathophysiological conditions such as @entity10 , @entity2 , oxidative stress and apoptosis associated with chronic complications of @entity1 including @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity4 . This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Crystallin Biochemistry in Health and Disease.

title: Role of crystallins in XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nanocarriers are widely used for delivering drugs to @entity0 and are progressing in a stable trend. The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has been a key rationale for the development of stimulus-responsive nanocarriers to @entity0 . In this study, we developed a kind of novel nanocarrier, G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 , which was constructed with shrinkable gelatin nanoparticles coated, @entity2 ( @entity5 ) tethered gold nanoparticles and long chain @entity3 ( @entity4 ). The particle size of G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 was 186.5  nm with a zeta potential of  -4.21  mV and the @entity5 loading capacity was 9.22%. In  vitro, the G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 could be degraded by @entity6 proteins with a size shrink from 186.5  nm to 59.3  nm. The release of @entity5 from G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 was in a pH- and time-dependent manner. At pH 5.0, the release of @entity5 was much quicker than that at high pH value and the cumulative release rate of @entity5 from G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 was approach 90.9%. Cellular uptake demonstrated that G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 could be internalized via the endosome-mediated pathway. @entity0 spheroid penetration and collagen gel diffusion showed G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 with pre-incubation with @entity6 could significantly enhance its penetrating efficiency. In  vivo and ex  vivo imaging exhibit that G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 could distribute into 4T1 and B16F10 @entity0 at a highest intensity. Correspondingly, 4T1 and B16F10 @entity0 bearing @entity1 treated with G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 displayed the @entity0 growth rate. In summary, the @entity0 microenvironment sensitive size-shrinkable G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 could deliver into deep @entity0 region and then release @entity5 , resulting in a best anti- @entity0 effect.

title: Matrix metalloproteinase-sensitive size-shrinkable nanoparticles for deep @entity0 penetration and pH triggered XXXX release.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nanocarriers are widely used for delivering drugs to @entity0 and are progressing in a stable trend. The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has been a key rationale for the development of stimulus-responsive nanocarriers to @entity0 . In this study, we developed a kind of novel nanocarrier, G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 , which was constructed with shrinkable gelatin nanoparticles coated, @entity2 ( @entity5 ) tethered gold nanoparticles and long chain @entity3 ( @entity4 ). The particle size of G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 was 186.5  nm with a zeta potential of  -4.21  mV and the @entity5 loading capacity was 9.22%. In  vitro, the G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 could be degraded by @entity6 proteins with a size shrink from 186.5  nm to 59.3  nm. The release of @entity5 from G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 was in a pH- and time-dependent manner. At pH 5.0, the release of @entity5 was much quicker than that at high pH value and the cumulative release rate of @entity5 from G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 was approach 90.9%. Cellular uptake demonstrated that G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 could be internalized via the endosome-mediated pathway. @entity0 spheroid penetration and collagen gel diffusion showed G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 with pre-incubation with @entity6 could significantly enhance its penetrating efficiency. In  vivo and ex  vivo imaging exhibit that G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 could distribute into 4T1 and B16F10 @entity0 at a highest intensity. Correspondingly, 4T1 and B16F10 @entity0 bearing @entity1 treated with G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 displayed the @entity0 growth rate. In summary, the @entity0 microenvironment sensitive size-shrinkable G-AuNPs- @entity5 - @entity4 could deliver into deep @entity0 region and then release @entity5 , resulting in a best anti- @entity0 effect.

title: Matrix metalloproteinase-sensitive size-shrinkable nanoparticles for deep XXXX penetration and pH triggered @entity2 release.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of second-look surgery in @entity6 (GCTs) needs to be reviewed. OBJECTIVE: To present our experience of second-look surgery in @entity0 with intracranial GCTs who showed less than complete response despite normalizing or decreasing @entity1 markers after chemotherapy. METHODS: Retrospective review of 7 @entity0 who underwent second-look surgery for an intracranial GCT was performed. RESULTS: Of 23 consecutive @entity0 with newly diagnosed intracranial GCTs treated between August 2003 and August 2013, 7 @entity0 (30%) underwent second-look surgery. The mean age was 9.4 years. The initial diagnoses were @entity6 in 5 and immature @entity3 in 2. Second-look surgery was performed after 1 to 3 courses of chemotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging at the surgery demonstrated increasing @entity2 in 4 and stable @entity2 in 3. @entity1 markers were normalized in 5 and nearly normalized in 2. Gross total resection was achieved in all @entity0 . Histopathology at second-look surgery revealed mature @entity3 in 5, @entity4 with @entity5 in 1, and @entity4 in 1. All @entity0 subsequently underwent additional chemoradiation therapy according to the initial diagnosis. All @entity0 are alive with no evidence of recurrence, with a mean follow-up of 48 months. CONCLUSION: Second-look surgery plays an important role in the treatment of intracranial GCTs. Surgery may be encouraged at a relatively early phase after chemotherapy when the @entity2 increases or does not change size despite normalized or nearly normalized @entity1 markers in order to achieve complete resection and improve outcome.

title: Second-look surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system compared with sham placebo in adults. METHODS: Adult @entity0 participated in this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. @entity0 were randomly allocated to receive either the needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system or sham placebo 1 to 3 minutes before a required venipuncture or venous cannulation. The primary efficacy endpoint measured the analgesic effect of the active system using a @entity1 visual analogue scale. RESULTS: In 693 adults who completed the study, the needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system was associated with significantly less @entity1 during venipuncture and venous cannulation compared with sham placebo, as demonstrated by a difference between groups in age-adjusted mean @entity1 score (P=0.003). Secondary analyses demonstrating significant differences between groups included the proportion of @entity0 who were @entity1 free, the proportion of responders, and the difference between @entity1 experienced during the current venous procedure compared with the recollection of @entity1 experienced during a prior venous procedure. Use of the active system was not associated with any serious adverse events or any adverse events resulting in study discontinuation. All treatment-related adverse events were mild. DISCUSSION: This clinical trial demonstrated that use of a needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system resulted in a significant @entity1 during venipuncture and peripheral intravenous cannulation in adults. Both the predefined primary endpoint and all 3 secondary endpoints were met. The needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system may be an option for analgesia during venous access procedures in adults.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Needle-free Powder XXXX Delivery System in Adult @entity0 Undergoing Venipuncture or Peripheral Venous Cannulation: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system compared with sham placebo in adults. METHODS: Adult @entity0 participated in this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. @entity0 were randomly allocated to receive either the needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system or sham placebo 1 to 3 minutes before a required venipuncture or venous cannulation. The primary efficacy endpoint measured the analgesic effect of the active system using a @entity1 visual analogue scale. RESULTS: In 693 adults who completed the study, the needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system was associated with significantly less @entity1 during venipuncture and venous cannulation compared with sham placebo, as demonstrated by a difference between groups in age-adjusted mean @entity1 score (P=0.003). Secondary analyses demonstrating significant differences between groups included the proportion of @entity0 who were @entity1 free, the proportion of responders, and the difference between @entity1 experienced during the current venous procedure compared with the recollection of @entity1 experienced during a prior venous procedure. Use of the active system was not associated with any serious adverse events or any adverse events resulting in study discontinuation. All treatment-related adverse events were mild. DISCUSSION: This clinical trial demonstrated that use of a needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system resulted in a significant @entity1 during venipuncture and peripheral intravenous cannulation in adults. Both the predefined primary endpoint and all 3 secondary endpoints were met. The needle-free powder @entity2 delivery system may be an option for analgesia during venous access procedures in adults.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Needle-free Powder @entity2 Delivery System in Adult XXXX Undergoing Venipuncture or Peripheral Venous Cannulation: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Responses of isolated mucosal mast cells ( @entity3 ) during @entity1 with either Trichostrongylus colubriformis or @entity4 were examined by measuring the release of @entity2 mast cell protease (SMCP) in a degranulation assay. @entity3 from @entity2 immune to T. colubriformis released maximal amounts of SMCP and @entity0 within 0.5h of incubation with larval antigen whereas maximum secretion of leukotrienes occurred 3h after addition of antigen. It was only after 8 weeks of a primary T. @entity1 , that @entity3 released significantly elevated levels of SMCP (23%); this occurred when the worm burden was being rejected. In contrast, the SMCP release from @entity3 of immune @entity2 was significantly higher at 40%, and occurred within 1-4 days after challenge (DAC). The SMCP release peaked at 6-8 DAC at 51%, and declined after 56 DAC to < 25%. @entity3 isolated from the duodenum and mid-small intestine of immune @entity2 released 2-3 times higher proportion of SMCP than did cells recovered from the terminal ileum. Mast cell numbers were similar in the 3 regions but the quantity of globule leucocytes (GL) was 2.5 times higher in the duodenum. During @entity1 with @entity4 in the abomasum, @entity3 isolated from the small intestine released greater levels of SMCP when incubated with larval antigens than did abomasal @entity3 . There was no increased release during the first 12 weeks of a @entity1 although the SMCP release (23%) from immune @entity3 at 7-10 DAC was significantly enhanced. Once again the release from @entity3 isolated from the three intestinal regions of @entity2 immune to @entity4 was lowest in the terminal ileum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The sensitization of mucosal mast cells during @entity1 with Trichostrongylus colubriformis or @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Responses of isolated mucosal mast cells ( @entity3 ) during @entity1 with either Trichostrongylus colubriformis or @entity4 were examined by measuring the release of @entity2 mast cell protease (SMCP) in a degranulation assay. @entity3 from @entity2 immune to T. colubriformis released maximal amounts of SMCP and @entity0 within 0.5h of incubation with larval antigen whereas maximum secretion of leukotrienes occurred 3h after addition of antigen. It was only after 8 weeks of a primary T. @entity1 , that @entity3 released significantly elevated levels of SMCP (23%); this occurred when the worm burden was being rejected. In contrast, the SMCP release from @entity3 of immune @entity2 was significantly higher at 40%, and occurred within 1-4 days after challenge (DAC). The SMCP release peaked at 6-8 DAC at 51%, and declined after 56 DAC to < 25%. @entity3 isolated from the duodenum and mid-small intestine of immune @entity2 released 2-3 times higher proportion of SMCP than did cells recovered from the terminal ileum. Mast cell numbers were similar in the 3 regions but the quantity of globule leucocytes (GL) was 2.5 times higher in the duodenum. During @entity1 with @entity4 in the abomasum, @entity3 isolated from the small intestine released greater levels of SMCP when incubated with larval antigens than did abomasal @entity3 . There was no increased release during the first 12 weeks of a @entity1 although the SMCP release (23%) from immune @entity3 at 7-10 DAC was significantly enhanced. Once again the release from @entity3 isolated from the three intestinal regions of @entity2 immune to @entity4 was lowest in the terminal ileum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The sensitization of mucosal mast cells during @entity1 with Trichostrongylus colubriformis or XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Responses of isolated mucosal mast cells ( @entity3 ) during @entity1 with either Trichostrongylus colubriformis or @entity4 were examined by measuring the release of @entity2 mast cell protease (SMCP) in a degranulation assay. @entity3 from @entity2 immune to T. colubriformis released maximal amounts of SMCP and @entity0 within 0.5h of incubation with larval antigen whereas maximum secretion of leukotrienes occurred 3h after addition of antigen. It was only after 8 weeks of a primary T. @entity1 , that @entity3 released significantly elevated levels of SMCP (23%); this occurred when the worm burden was being rejected. In contrast, the SMCP release from @entity3 of immune @entity2 was significantly higher at 40%, and occurred within 1-4 days after challenge (DAC). The SMCP release peaked at 6-8 DAC at 51%, and declined after 56 DAC to < 25%. @entity3 isolated from the duodenum and mid-small intestine of immune @entity2 released 2-3 times higher proportion of SMCP than did cells recovered from the terminal ileum. Mast cell numbers were similar in the 3 regions but the quantity of globule leucocytes (GL) was 2.5 times higher in the duodenum. During @entity1 with @entity4 in the abomasum, @entity3 isolated from the small intestine released greater levels of SMCP when incubated with larval antigens than did abomasal @entity3 . There was no increased release during the first 12 weeks of a @entity1 although the SMCP release (23%) from immune @entity3 at 7-10 DAC was significantly enhanced. Once again the release from @entity3 isolated from the three intestinal regions of @entity2 immune to @entity4 was lowest in the terminal ileum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The sensitization of mucosal mast cells during XXXX with Trichostrongylus colubriformis or @entity4 in @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chronic consumption of a @entity4 ( @entity4 ) causes peripheral insulin resistance, brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 and @entity1 . @entity2 deprivation has also been found to impair cognition. However, the combined effect of both conditions on the brain is unclear. We hypothesized that @entity2 deprivation causes brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 , hippocampal @entity3 and @entity1 , and that consumption of a @entity4 accelerates these impairments in an @entity2 -deprived condition. Seventy-two female @entity0 were divided into sham (S) and ovariectomized (O) groups. @entity0 in each group were further divided into two subgroups to be fed with either a @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity4 for 4, 8 and 12weeks. At the end of each period, the Morris water maze test was carried out, after which the blood and brain were collected for metabolic and brain function analysis. Obesity, peripheral insulin resistance, increased brain oxidative stress and hippocampal @entity3 were observed at the eighth week in the NDO, HFS and HFO @entity0 . However, these impairments were worse in the HFO @entity0 . Interestingly, brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 and @entity1 developed earlier (week eight) in the HFO @entity0 , whereas these conditions were observed later at week 12 in the NDO and HFS @entity0 . Either @entity2 deprivation or @entity4 appears to cause peripheral insulin resistance, increased brain oxidative stress, hippocampal @entity3 , brain @entity5 and brain insulin resistance, which together can lead to @entity1 . A @entity4 accelerates and aggravates these deleterious effects under @entity2 -deprived conditions.

title: Obesity accelerates @entity1 by aggravating @entity5 , insulin resistance and XXXX under @entity2 -deprived conditions.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chronic consumption of a @entity4 ( @entity4 ) causes peripheral insulin resistance, brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 and @entity1 . @entity2 deprivation has also been found to impair cognition. However, the combined effect of both conditions on the brain is unclear. We hypothesized that @entity2 deprivation causes brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 , hippocampal @entity3 and @entity1 , and that consumption of a @entity4 accelerates these impairments in an @entity2 -deprived condition. Seventy-two female @entity0 were divided into sham (S) and ovariectomized (O) groups. @entity0 in each group were further divided into two subgroups to be fed with either a @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity4 for 4, 8 and 12weeks. At the end of each period, the Morris water maze test was carried out, after which the blood and brain were collected for metabolic and brain function analysis. Obesity, peripheral insulin resistance, increased brain oxidative stress and hippocampal @entity3 were observed at the eighth week in the NDO, HFS and HFO @entity0 . However, these impairments were worse in the HFO @entity0 . Interestingly, brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 and @entity1 developed earlier (week eight) in the HFO @entity0 , whereas these conditions were observed later at week 12 in the NDO and HFS @entity0 . Either @entity2 deprivation or @entity4 appears to cause peripheral insulin resistance, increased brain oxidative stress, hippocampal @entity3 , brain @entity5 and brain insulin resistance, which together can lead to @entity1 . A @entity4 accelerates and aggravates these deleterious effects under @entity2 -deprived conditions.

title: Obesity accelerates @entity1 by aggravating @entity5 , insulin resistance and @entity3 under XXXX -deprived conditions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chronic consumption of a @entity4 ( @entity4 ) causes peripheral insulin resistance, brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 and @entity1 . @entity2 deprivation has also been found to impair cognition. However, the combined effect of both conditions on the brain is unclear. We hypothesized that @entity2 deprivation causes brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 , hippocampal @entity3 and @entity1 , and that consumption of a @entity4 accelerates these impairments in an @entity2 -deprived condition. Seventy-two female @entity0 were divided into sham (S) and ovariectomized (O) groups. @entity0 in each group were further divided into two subgroups to be fed with either a @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity4 for 4, 8 and 12weeks. At the end of each period, the Morris water maze test was carried out, after which the blood and brain were collected for metabolic and brain function analysis. Obesity, peripheral insulin resistance, increased brain oxidative stress and hippocampal @entity3 were observed at the eighth week in the NDO, HFS and HFO @entity0 . However, these impairments were worse in the HFO @entity0 . Interestingly, brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 and @entity1 developed earlier (week eight) in the HFO @entity0 , whereas these conditions were observed later at week 12 in the NDO and HFS @entity0 . Either @entity2 deprivation or @entity4 appears to cause peripheral insulin resistance, increased brain oxidative stress, hippocampal @entity3 , brain @entity5 and brain insulin resistance, which together can lead to @entity1 . A @entity4 accelerates and aggravates these deleterious effects under @entity2 -deprived conditions.

title: Obesity accelerates @entity1 by aggravating XXXX , insulin resistance and @entity3 under @entity2 -deprived conditions.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chronic consumption of a @entity4 ( @entity4 ) causes peripheral insulin resistance, brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 and @entity1 . @entity2 deprivation has also been found to impair cognition. However, the combined effect of both conditions on the brain is unclear. We hypothesized that @entity2 deprivation causes brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 , hippocampal @entity3 and @entity1 , and that consumption of a @entity4 accelerates these impairments in an @entity2 -deprived condition. Seventy-two female @entity0 were divided into sham (S) and ovariectomized (O) groups. @entity0 in each group were further divided into two subgroups to be fed with either a @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity4 for 4, 8 and 12weeks. At the end of each period, the Morris water maze test was carried out, after which the blood and brain were collected for metabolic and brain function analysis. Obesity, peripheral insulin resistance, increased brain oxidative stress and hippocampal @entity3 were observed at the eighth week in the NDO, HFS and HFO @entity0 . However, these impairments were worse in the HFO @entity0 . Interestingly, brain insulin resistance, brain @entity5 and @entity1 developed earlier (week eight) in the HFO @entity0 , whereas these conditions were observed later at week 12 in the NDO and HFS @entity0 . Either @entity2 deprivation or @entity4 appears to cause peripheral insulin resistance, increased brain oxidative stress, hippocampal @entity3 , brain @entity5 and brain insulin resistance, which together can lead to @entity1 . A @entity4 accelerates and aggravates these deleterious effects under @entity2 -deprived conditions.

title: Obesity accelerates XXXX by aggravating @entity5 , insulin resistance and @entity3 under @entity2 -deprived conditions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the apoptosis/proliferation of K  lliker organ supporting cells and to understand the prompting apoptosis factors in vivo in the supporting cells in the K  lliker organ by changing the environment of the cultured supporting cells in the Kliker organ in vitro, via the separation, culture and purification of the supporting cells in the K6lliker organ. METHOD: A combinatorial approach of enzymatic digestion and mechanical separation was employed to isolate and culture in vitro pure K  lliker organ supporting cells. The purity was tested by flow cytometry assay. And K6lliker organ supporting cells were harvested to detect the rate and cycle of apoptosis by flow cytometry after @entity10 /PI staining, to test the cell growth curve by @entity1 assay, and to observe the differential expressions of the @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity6 through the Realtime PCR and Western blot. The @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity7 concentrations in the culture medium of these cells in vitro were changed to detect the survival rate of cells by @entity1 assay. RESULT: The purity of K6lliker organ supporting cells by flow cytometry assay was 96. 56%. And these cells showed no significant difference in apoptosis, but an evident linear growth. The results of Realtime PCR and Western blot showed that the expression of @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity6 mRNA and protein in all different time points kept stable. Furthermore, the elevation of extracellular @entity2 might contribute to decrease the cell viability of supporting cells. And K+ participated regulation of cell viability in a concentration-depending way. However, @entity7 appeared to be a protective factor in high concentration. CONCLUSION: There is no significant apoptosis in vitro of the supporting cells in the K  lliker organ of @entity0 , showing a linear growth. The @entity2 in high concentration might contribute to the apoptosis factor of these cells. However, the K+ and @entity7 appear to be protective factors in high concentration.

title: [The study on the proliferation and the apoptosis factors in vitro of K  lliker organ supporting cells in the cochlea of newborn XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: Atrial standstill is characterized by the absence of atrial activity. We report about a series of cases, in which conventional atrial pacemaker lead implantation in @entity0 with symptomatic @entity2 failed due to lack of excitable right atrial tissue, thus, prompting the diagnosis of @entity3 . We hypothesized that mapping of the atria with subsequent identification of myocardium still amenable to @entity1 would allow dual chamber pacemaker implantation. METHODS AND RESULTS: In four @entity0 , @entity1 failed. In these @entity0 , spontaneous or fibrillatory electrical activity was absent but the atria could not be captured despite high stimulation voltages at conventional atrial sites. We suspected partial or complete @entity3 and subsequently confirmed this hypothesis by conventional (n = 1) or electroanatomical mapping (n = 3). Areas of fibrotic tissue were present in all @entity0 as identified by lack of spontaneous electrical activity and inability of local electrical capture via the mapping catheter. Surviving atrial tissue, which could be electrically captured with subsequent conduction of activity to the atrioventricular (AV) node, was present in three @entity0 . Successful targeted @entity1 at these sites was achieved in all these @entity0 . Isolated sinus node activity without conduction to the atria was found in one @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Partial @entity3 may be present and prevent @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 . In these @entity0 , recognition of partial @entity3 and identification of surviving muscular islets with connection to the AV node by mapping studies may still allow synchronous AV sequential pacing.

title: XXXX due to extensive atrial fibrosis: impact on dual chamber pacemaker implantation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of barium impaction therapy for @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: We reviewed the clinical charts of @entity0 in whom therapeutic barium enema was performed for the control of diverticular bleeding between August 2010 and March 2012 at Yokohama Rosai Hospital. Twenty @entity0 were included in the review, consisting of 14 @entity0 and 6 @entity0 . The median age of the @entity0 was 73.5 years. The duration of the follow-up period ranged from 1 to 19 mo (median: 9.8 mo). Among the 20 @entity0 were 11 @entity0 who required the procedure for re-bleeding during hospitalization, 6 @entity0 who required it for re-bleeding that developed after the @entity0 left the hospital, and 3 @entity0 who required the procedure for the prevention of re-bleeding. Barium (concentration: 150 w%/v%) was administered per the rectum, and the leading edge of the contrast medium was followed up to the cecum by fluoroscopy. After confirmation that the ascending colon and cecum were filled with barium, the enema tube was withdrawn, and the @entity0 's position was changed every 20 min for 3 h. RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 remained free of re-bleeding during the follow-up period (range: 1-19 mo) after the therapeutic barium enema, including 9 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 with a median age of 72.0 years. Re-bleeding occurred in 8 @entity0 including 5 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 with a median age of 68.5 years: 4 developed early re-bleeding, defined as re-bleeding that occurs within one week after the procedure, and the remaining 4 developed late re-bleeding. The DFI (disease-free interval) decreased 0.4 for 12 mo. Only one @entity0 developed a complication from therapeutic barium enema ( @entity2 ). CONCLUSION: Therapeutic barium enema is effective for the control of diverticular @entity1 in cases where the active bleeding site cannot be identified by colonoscopy.

title: Effectiveness of therapeutic barium enema for diverticular XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most common @entity0 of the @entity3 , while basal cell adenoma (BCA) is an uncommon @entity0 . Blood and lymphatic vessels are crucial for @entity0 metabolism. The aim of this study was to compare the blood and lymphatic vascular density and vascular and endothelial growth factor ( @entity1 ) expression in @entity4 and BCA @entity0 . In addition, cell proliferation was evaluated in these @entity0 . METHODS: Blood and lymphatic vessel content, @entity1 expression, and cell proliferation were analyzed in 30 cases of @entity4 and 13 cases of BCA by immu-nohistochemistry using antibodies for @entity2 , CD105, D2-40, @entity1 , and @entity5 . RESULTS: Regarding @entity2 and CD105 expression, @entity4 demonstrated a high vascularity and a low number of positive vessels, respectively. D2-40-positive lymphatic vessels were mainly located in the @entity0 capsules, with small intratumoral lymphatic vessels observed occasionally. @entity1 expression revealed a remarkably heterogeneous immunoreactivity, alternating from weak or negative to positive or intense. BCA presented significantly higher @entity2 , @entity2 , CD105, D2-40, and @entity1 expression compared to @entity4 . No significant difference was found in cell proliferation between the @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Although @entity4 and BCA are considered part of the same spectrum of differentiation, this study showed that the blood and lymphatic vascularization of these @entity0 is different.

title: Comparison of the blood and lymphatic microvessel density of XXXX and Basal cell adenoma.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Current study was aimed to evaluating protective effects of cornus mas fruit extract (CMFE) in @entity0 treated with @entity2 ( @entity4 ). For this purpose, 48 young mature male @entity0 were divided into 6 groups. Control group received only normal saline (0.1 mL per day, intraperitoneally), and the second group was administered @entity4 (20 mg kg(-1) per week, intraperitoneally). The third, fourth and fifth groups received @entity4 daily oral doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg kg(-1) CMFE as well as @entity4 . The sixth group was only given CMFE with a dose of 1000 mg kg(-1) per day, orally, for 35 days. Then, the animals were anesthetically euthanized and the sperms were separated from epididymis. DNA damage level, the amount of @entity1 ( @entity3 ) as well as in vitro fertility was evaluated. The number of sperms with damaged DNA and @entity3 level in @entity4 -treated group showed a significant increase compared to control group (p < 0.05). In groups receiving CMFE along with @entity4 , DNA damage level and @entity3 amount suggested a decrease in comparison with @entity4 group (p < 0.05). Also, in vitro fertilization and embryonic development in @entity4 -treated group was significantly lower than the control group, and the level of embryonic arresting was higher (p < 0.05). In groups which received CMFE along with @entity4 , in vitro fertility and embryonic development was higher than @entity4 group (p < 0.05) and the arrested embryos showed a decrease. This study suggested that cornus mas is able to ameliorate the side effects of @entity4 .

title: Protective effects of cornus mas extract on in vitro fertilization potential in XXXX treated male @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Current study was aimed to evaluating protective effects of cornus mas fruit extract (CMFE) in @entity0 treated with @entity2 ( @entity4 ). For this purpose, 48 young mature male @entity0 were divided into 6 groups. Control group received only normal saline (0.1 mL per day, intraperitoneally), and the second group was administered @entity4 (20 mg kg(-1) per week, intraperitoneally). The third, fourth and fifth groups received @entity4 daily oral doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg kg(-1) CMFE as well as @entity4 . The sixth group was only given CMFE with a dose of 1000 mg kg(-1) per day, orally, for 35 days. Then, the animals were anesthetically euthanized and the sperms were separated from epididymis. DNA damage level, the amount of @entity1 ( @entity3 ) as well as in vitro fertility was evaluated. The number of sperms with damaged DNA and @entity3 level in @entity4 -treated group showed a significant increase compared to control group (p < 0.05). In groups receiving CMFE along with @entity4 , DNA damage level and @entity3 amount suggested a decrease in comparison with @entity4 group (p < 0.05). Also, in vitro fertilization and embryonic development in @entity4 -treated group was significantly lower than the control group, and the level of embryonic arresting was higher (p < 0.05). In groups which received CMFE along with @entity4 , in vitro fertility and embryonic development was higher than @entity4 group (p < 0.05) and the arrested embryos showed a decrease. This study suggested that cornus mas is able to ameliorate the side effects of @entity4 .

title: Protective effects of cornus mas extract on in vitro fertilization potential in @entity2 treated male XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is an underrecognized condition in the adult population. @entity6 can lead to @entity1 but is likely misdiagnosed as either @entity7 or chronic @entity1 . We retrospectively identified adult @entity0 with @entity6 either in its isolated form or related to other @entity2 from January 1998 to September 2012. We reviewed the @entity0 ' clinical data by using our hospital electronic medical records and/or their paper charts. We identified 6 adult @entity0 with @entity6 with an age range of 16-56 years (1 @entity0 and the rest @entity0 ). Presenting signs and symptoms were thoracic murmurs, progressive @entity4 , and @entity3 . Three @entity0 had @entity5 . Pulmonary angiography showed that @entity6 was predominantly located in main branches or lobar pulmonary arteries in 5 @entity0 , while in 1 @entity0 the arterial narrowing was at the level of the segmental pulmonary arteries. Right heart catheterization showed a mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) ranging from 35 to 60 mmHg. Balloon dilation was performed in all @entity0 , predominantly in the lobar arteries, and it caused a decrease in mean PAP that ranged from 16% to 46% in 5 @entity0 . In 1 @entity0 the mean PAP did not decrease. All but 1 @entity0 had follow-up echocardiograms at 1 year that showed stable echocardiographic findings. @entity1 due to @entity6 continues to presents a diagnostic challenge. Therefore, a high index of suspicion during the initial evaluation of @entity1 is essential for its prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment.

title: @entity6 as a cause of XXXX in adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is an underrecognized condition in the adult population. @entity6 can lead to @entity1 but is likely misdiagnosed as either @entity7 or chronic @entity1 . We retrospectively identified adult @entity0 with @entity6 either in its isolated form or related to other @entity2 from January 1998 to September 2012. We reviewed the @entity0 ' clinical data by using our hospital electronic medical records and/or their paper charts. We identified 6 adult @entity0 with @entity6 with an age range of 16-56 years (1 @entity0 and the rest @entity0 ). Presenting signs and symptoms were thoracic murmurs, progressive @entity4 , and @entity3 . Three @entity0 had @entity5 . Pulmonary angiography showed that @entity6 was predominantly located in main branches or lobar pulmonary arteries in 5 @entity0 , while in 1 @entity0 the arterial narrowing was at the level of the segmental pulmonary arteries. Right heart catheterization showed a mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) ranging from 35 to 60 mmHg. Balloon dilation was performed in all @entity0 , predominantly in the lobar arteries, and it caused a decrease in mean PAP that ranged from 16% to 46% in 5 @entity0 . In 1 @entity0 the mean PAP did not decrease. All but 1 @entity0 had follow-up echocardiograms at 1 year that showed stable echocardiographic findings. @entity1 due to @entity6 continues to presents a diagnostic challenge. Therefore, a high index of suspicion during the initial evaluation of @entity1 is essential for its prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment.

title: XXXX as a cause of @entity1 in adults.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Conventional pancreatic resections may be unnecessary for benign @entity1 or for @entity1 of low malignant potential located in the neck and body of pancreas. Such extensive resections can place the @entity0 at increased risk of developing postoperative exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Central pancreatectomy is a plausible surgical option for the management of @entity1 located in these locations. Laparoscopic approach seems appropriate for such small @entity1 situated deep in the retroperitoneum. AIMS: To assess the technical feasibility, safety and long-term results of laparoscopic central pancreatectomy in @entity0 with benign and low malignant potential @entity1 involving the neck and body of pancreas. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This study was an observational study which reports a single-centre experience with laparoscopic central pancreatectomy over a 9-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 14 @entity0 underwent laparoscopic central pancreatectomy from October 2004 to September 2013. These included @entity0 with @entity1 located in the neck and body of pancreas that were radiologically benign-looking @entity1 of less than 3 cm in size. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The statistical analysis was done using GraphPad Prism software. RESULTS: The mean age of @entity0 was 48.93 years. The mean operative time was 239.7 min. Mean @entity2 was 153.2 ml. Mean postoperative ICU stay was 1.2 days and overall mean hospital stay was 8.07 days. There were no mortalities and no major @entity3 . Margins were negative in all cases and with a median follow-up of 44 months, there was no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic central pancreatectomy is a feasible procedure with acceptable morbidity. In the long term, there were no recurrences and pancreatic function was well preserved.

title: Laparoscopic central pancreatectomy: Our technique and long-term results in 14 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data from Egyptian studies provide widely varying estimates on the prevalence of preinvasive @entity4 . The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in Egyptian @entity1 living in Alexandria to clarify the need for implementing a national organized screening program and a vaccination program in our community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted over a 6 years period and covered the different socioeconomic levels to have a representative sample for @entity1 living in Alexandria. All @entity1 included did not have any @entity3 related complaints. Conventional Pap smears were obtained and diagnosed using the Bethesda system. @entity1 with abnormal Pap smears were managed according to the 2006 consensus guidelines within the available facilities. Persistent abnormal cytological results were referred for colposcopic biopsy. Histological results were grouped into: Reactive changes, @entity5 1, @entity5 2/ @entity5 3 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). RESULTS: Out of the 6173 smears included in the study 6072 (98.36%) were normal and only 101 (1.63%) were abnormal. After colposcopic biopsies, 0.08% had @entity5 1, 0.03% had @entity5 2, 3 and 0.01% had @entity6 . CONCLUSION: We concluded that cervical @entity2 screening programs, although life-saving for a number of @entity1 , are not a sufficiently high priority in our community. Money for national health screening programs should preferably be directed more towards recruiting @entity1 for @entity0 screening, since @entity0 accounts for about 33% of all female cancers in Egypt ranking number one, while cervical @entity2 ranks number 13.

title: Cervical intraepithelial lesions in females attending XXXX 's Health Clinics in Alexandria, Egypt.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multifidus @entity1 and @entity2 have been demonstrated following traditional open spine surgery. The purpose of this study was to quantify multifidus @entity4 and @entity3 following a 1-level minimally invasive (MIS) lumbar discectomy. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 24 @entity0 who underwent a primary 1-level MIS microdiscectomy were reviewed. Demographics, operative levels, and time from surgery to imaging were assessed. Total and lean cross-sectional areas (CSA), T1-signal intensity ratio between the multifidus and psoas muscles, and lean-to-total CSA ratio were measured. Pre- and postoperative values were compared within each @entity0 utilizing paired sample T-tests. RESULTS: The mean age was 47.8  14.2 years. MRI was obtained 182.5  194.4 days following index surgery. On the ipsilateral side, total CSA decreased at the index level (-4.9%) and the lean CSA decreased at the index (-6.2%), inferior pedicle (-13.0%), and inferior disc levels (-18.6%). On the contralateral side, no significant decreases in total or lean CSA were demonstrated. T1-signal intensity ratios increased at all levels, but the differences were not statistically significant. The lean-to-total CSA ratio was decreased at the superior disc (-5.2%), inferior pedicle (-8.4%), and inferior disc levels (-17.2%) on the ipsilateral side and at the contralateral inferior disc level (-5.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Primary 1-level MIS discectomy results in minimal short-term @entity2 and @entity3 of the multifidus at the index level. Total CSA @entity2 was mainly confined to the ipsilateral side at the index level. Lean CSA @entity2 was observed mainly at and below the index level on the ipsilateral side. @entity3 , as measured by the lean-to-total CSA ratio, ranged 1.2-17.2% on the ipsilateral and 0-5.3% on the contralateral side with greater fat content demonstrated caudally to the surgical level. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Overall, the majority of the multifidus muscle appears to be radiographically preserved following an MIS lumbar discectomy.

title: Quantification of Multifidus Atrophy and XXXX Following a Minimally Invasive Microdiscectomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A male @entity0 with @entity1 accepted operation under general anesthesia. Sixth day after surgery in @entity0 with @entity5 and obvious difficulty in breathing. Blood @entity2 saturation of 90%. The electrocardiogram showed: ST-T change,Tv6 flat;blood gas analysis: pH 7. 491, PCO2 34. 1 mmHg, @entity7 54. 7 mmHg; D-Dimer 3. 87 mg/L; white blood cell 17. 50 * 10(9)/L. CTPA showed: right @entity6 , @entity4 . Another male @entity0 with the right tonsil @entity1 accepted operation under general anesthesia. Fourth day of @entity0 suddenly appear bosom frowsty and obvious difficulty in breathing. Blood @entity2 sat- uration of 88%. Blood gas analysis: pH: 7. 48, PCO2 : 33 mmHg, @entity7 : 57 mmHg; D-Dimer: 2. 97 mg/L; white blood cell:11. 80 * 10(9)/L. CTPA showed: the main @entity6 , @entity3 . Both were diagnosised as @entity6 and recovered well after giving anticoagulant therapy in time.

title: [Two cases of XXXX in head and neck tumor surgery].

answer: @entity6


abstract: The small satellite RNA of @entity1 (sTRSV RNA) is dependent on @entity1 (TRSV) for replication and encapsidation. sTRSV RNA has appeared during serial passage of certain TRSV strains in some hosts. Co-inoculation of bean with TRSV and either of two related, nonaccumulating mutants of sTRSV RNA induced the appearance of sTRSV RNA in a single passage (van Tol et al., 1991, Virology 180, 23-30). The sTRSV RNA obtained after serial passage and after co-inoculation have the same @entity0 sequence, designated the endogenous sequence. The endogenous sTRSV RNA @entity0 sequence differs from that of each of the nonaccumulating sTRSV RNA at three positions. In order to detect possible trace amounts of endogenous satellite RNA in virion RNA preparations, RNA from two TRSV isolates was subjected to reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction of the transcript (RT-PCR), using primers with sTRSV RNA terminal sequences. The yield of RT-PCR product suggests that the virion RNA preparations contained approximately 0.1 fg of sTRSV RNA per microgram of virion RNA. The @entity0 sequence of the RT-PCR product corresponded to that of the endogenous sTRSV RNA. The endogenous sTRSV RNA of TRSV inocula appears to be latent, being maintained in very small amounts during serial passage of TRSV in some hosts but capable of dramatic increase during serial passage in other hosts or when TRSV was co-inoculated with either of two specific sTRSV RNA mutants. Ten other nonaccumulating sTRSV RNA mutants did not induce a detected increase in sTRSV RNA.

title: Trace amount of satellite RNA associated with XXXX : increase stimulated by nonaccumulating satellite RNA mutants.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is rare but carries a poor prognosis. @entity1 leads to tracheal compression, airway compromise and eventually death. Airway compromise, a particularly distressing symptom, can be palliated with tracheal stenting. METHOD: A retrospective case note analysis was conducted of @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 between July 2003 and July 2013. RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 with @entity1 were identified. Four @entity0 underwent palliative tracheal stenting. Three @entity0 had no dyspnoea at the time of stenting. Two stented @entity0 subsequently developed dyspnoea secondary to stent migration; this was managed successfully with stent exchange. The other stented @entity0 remained asymptomatic with regards to dyspnoea. All non-stented @entity0 died with or from airway compromise. CONCLUSION: Tracheal stenting is a relatively safe and effective method for palliation of distressing airway symptoms in @entity0 with @entity1 . Early prophylactic tracheal stenting in @entity1 may be an effective option to prevent development of airway compromise as the disease progresses.

title: Use of tracheal stenting in the palliation of XXXX : tertiary centre experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. We studied isometric twitch peak force (TPF) and twitch contraction time (TCT) of 249 motor units of the masseter muscle in 41 @entity0 after extracellular electrical stimulation of single trigeminal motoneurons in the brain stem. In 41 of these units we determined the amount of @entity2 decrease during a partially fused @entity1 (sag) and the ratio between peak tetanic force after 2 min of intermittent tetanic stimulation and initial @entity2 (fatigue index). Muscle fibers of 24 motor units were identified by the glycogen depletion method and characterized in serial sections with monoclonal antibodies against @entity4 , IIA, "cardiac" alpha, and I isoforms of @entity3 (MHC). 2. The motor units had TCTs ranging from 13 to 32 ms. The majority of the units showed forces < 35 mN. The TPFs were larger and varied more for motor units with short and intermediate TCTs than for units with long TCTs. There is a small but statistically significant negative correlation between the motor unit TPF and the TCT. 3. All units exhibited "sag" and, with the exeption of one, had fatigue indexes > 0.75. The studied @entity0 masseter motor units can therefore be classified as fast, fatigue-resistant, except for one that belonged to the FF (fast, fatigable) category. No slow units were represented in the sample pool. Significant correlations were not found either between TCT and the amount of sag or between TCT and the fatigue index. 4. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the FF unit had fibers containing only IID-MHC. Five other units were found with a single MHC--three with IIA-MHC and two with alpha-MHC. In three other units all fibers showed one combination of two MHCs (1 IIA/IID, 1 IIA/alpha, and 1 alpha/I). The remaining 15 units contained two MHCs spread unevenly over the constituting fibers. Large variations in myosin composition of fibers within one motor unit cast doubts on the presumed dominant neuronal influence on myosin expression in the adult animal. 5. We found a close, statistically significant correlation between the TCT and the estimated MHC content of the units: the TCT was 13 ms for the IID unit, 18 ms for the pure IIA units, and 28 ms for the pure alpha units. Units with two MHCs had intermediate TCTs; units with alpha/I-MHC mixtures had TCTs of 29-30 ms. No pure MHC-I units were identified.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Contraction characteristics and @entity3 composition of XXXX masseter motor units.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. We studied isometric twitch peak force (TPF) and twitch contraction time (TCT) of 249 motor units of the masseter muscle in 41 @entity0 after extracellular electrical stimulation of single trigeminal motoneurons in the brain stem. In 41 of these units we determined the amount of @entity2 decrease during a partially fused @entity1 (sag) and the ratio between peak tetanic force after 2 min of intermittent tetanic stimulation and initial @entity2 (fatigue index). Muscle fibers of 24 motor units were identified by the glycogen depletion method and characterized in serial sections with monoclonal antibodies against @entity4 , IIA, "cardiac" alpha, and I isoforms of @entity3 (MHC). 2. The motor units had TCTs ranging from 13 to 32 ms. The majority of the units showed forces < 35 mN. The TPFs were larger and varied more for motor units with short and intermediate TCTs than for units with long TCTs. There is a small but statistically significant negative correlation between the motor unit TPF and the TCT. 3. All units exhibited "sag" and, with the exeption of one, had fatigue indexes > 0.75. The studied @entity0 masseter motor units can therefore be classified as fast, fatigue-resistant, except for one that belonged to the FF (fast, fatigable) category. No slow units were represented in the sample pool. Significant correlations were not found either between TCT and the amount of sag or between TCT and the fatigue index. 4. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the FF unit had fibers containing only IID-MHC. Five other units were found with a single MHC--three with IIA-MHC and two with alpha-MHC. In three other units all fibers showed one combination of two MHCs (1 IIA/IID, 1 IIA/alpha, and 1 alpha/I). The remaining 15 units contained two MHCs spread unevenly over the constituting fibers. Large variations in myosin composition of fibers within one motor unit cast doubts on the presumed dominant neuronal influence on myosin expression in the adult animal. 5. We found a close, statistically significant correlation between the TCT and the estimated MHC content of the units: the TCT was 13 ms for the IID unit, 18 ms for the pure IIA units, and 28 ms for the pure alpha units. Units with two MHCs had intermediate TCTs; units with alpha/I-MHC mixtures had TCTs of 29-30 ms. No pure MHC-I units were identified.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Contraction characteristics and XXXX composition of @entity0 masseter motor units.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The impact of physical activity on @entity3 has been demonstrated in many studies. Taking into account the discrepant results of physical exercise on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of @entity0 , we aimed to examine the impact of physical training on @entity4 -( @entity5 )-induced mammary @entity3 . Fifty female @entity2 were divided into four groups according to the intensity of physical activity they undertook. The number of developed @entity1 , @entity1 volume, and histopathological diagnoses were noted. Apoptosis and cell proliferation were studied by the number of TUNEL-positive and Ki-67-expressing cells. We demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the @entity1 number between all trained groups and the control group. The results were most pronounced in the group with a moderate intensity of training. Moreover, we showed a decrease in @entity1 volume as training intensity increased, though the differences were not statistically significant. The mean number of TUNEL-positive @entity1 cells was significantly higher in the training groups than in the control group. These data suggest that physical training, especially of moderate intensity, may alleviate MNU-induced mammary @entity3 . The results could suggest that physical exercise-induced apoptosis may be a protective mechanism.

title: The effect of physical training on the @entity4 -induced mammary XXXX of @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The impact of physical activity on @entity3 has been demonstrated in many studies. Taking into account the discrepant results of physical exercise on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of @entity0 , we aimed to examine the impact of physical training on @entity4 -( @entity5 )-induced mammary @entity3 . Fifty female @entity2 were divided into four groups according to the intensity of physical activity they undertook. The number of developed @entity1 , @entity1 volume, and histopathological diagnoses were noted. Apoptosis and cell proliferation were studied by the number of TUNEL-positive and Ki-67-expressing cells. We demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the @entity1 number between all trained groups and the control group. The results were most pronounced in the group with a moderate intensity of training. Moreover, we showed a decrease in @entity1 volume as training intensity increased, though the differences were not statistically significant. The mean number of TUNEL-positive @entity1 cells was significantly higher in the training groups than in the control group. These data suggest that physical training, especially of moderate intensity, may alleviate MNU-induced mammary @entity3 . The results could suggest that physical exercise-induced apoptosis may be a protective mechanism.

title: The effect of physical training on the XXXX -induced mammary @entity3 of @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The impact of physical activity on @entity3 has been demonstrated in many studies. Taking into account the discrepant results of physical exercise on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of @entity0 , we aimed to examine the impact of physical training on @entity4 -( @entity5 )-induced mammary @entity3 . Fifty female @entity2 were divided into four groups according to the intensity of physical activity they undertook. The number of developed @entity1 , @entity1 volume, and histopathological diagnoses were noted. Apoptosis and cell proliferation were studied by the number of TUNEL-positive and Ki-67-expressing cells. We demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the @entity1 number between all trained groups and the control group. The results were most pronounced in the group with a moderate intensity of training. Moreover, we showed a decrease in @entity1 volume as training intensity increased, though the differences were not statistically significant. The mean number of TUNEL-positive @entity1 cells was significantly higher in the training groups than in the control group. These data suggest that physical training, especially of moderate intensity, may alleviate MNU-induced mammary @entity3 . The results could suggest that physical exercise-induced apoptosis may be a protective mechanism.

title: The effect of physical training on the @entity4 -induced mammary @entity3 of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Twenty-five radical prostatectomy specimens were screened for the presence of numerical chromosome changes within the @entity2 as well as 17 adjacent @entity7 ( @entity7 ) by means of interphase in situ hybridization (ISH) to routinely processed tissue sections. To this end a defined alfoid repetitive DNA probe set was used, specific for the centromeres of chromosomes 1, 7, 8, 10, 15, and Y. The cytogenetic information was correlated with histopathological and clinical features as well as with DNA ploidy. Numerical aberrations of at least one chromosome were shown in 13 of 25 cases (52%). Alterations of chromosome 8 and loss of the Y chromosome were the most frequent findings (both 20%), followed by loss of chromosomes 15 (16%) and 10 (12%). @entity3 was seen in 8% of cases. No aberrations of chromosomes 7, 8, 10, and 15 were found in the adjacent @entity6 , whereas loss of the Y chromosome in both @entity7 and @entity0 occurred in two cases. Also, (low level) aneuploidy was observed in 76% of these @entity6 . Ploidy of the @entity1 as assessed by ISH correlated well with ploidy measured by DNA flow cytometry (FCM; P < 0.02). Due to the more specific correspondence between ISH and @entity0 pathology, pathologic grade correlated with ISH aneuploidy (P < 0.05), whereas FCM ploidy did not. Furthermore, genetic heterogeneity within a @entity0 was seen, as judged by the focal appearance of chromosomal aberrations. @entity4 occurred in all grades and stages, although @entity5 , and aberrations of chromosome 8 tended to predominate in more @entity0 .

title: Interphase cytogenetics of prostatic adenocarcinoma and precursor lesions: analysis of 25 radical prostatectomies and 17 adjacent XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated @entity3 (AAV) is a well-described cause of multiple organ involvement including rapidly progressive pauci-immune crescentic @entity2 . Kidney transplantation (KTx) is considered the treatment of choice in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) due to AAV. @entity0 and graft survival in AAV after KTx is favourable and comparable with other non-diabetic causes of @entity1 . While relapse of AAV is high in dialysis @entity0 (up to 50%), it decreases after KTx (8.6-22.2%). Yet, relapse may occur at any time after KTx and transplant involvement has been documented in at least 25 cases. Therapeutic guidelines for the management of AAV after KTx do not exist and clinical management is a controversial discussion. We present two unusual cases of young males with smouldering AAV who recently underwent KTx at our hospital. Case 1 experienced repeated relapses after KTx and was finally successfully treated with rituximab. Case 2 received rituximab pre-emptively before living kidney donation and remained free of flairs. Prompted by theses two cases, we reviewed the literature focusing on the right point of time for transplantation, risk assessment, role of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, clinical presentation of flairs and immunosuppression in smouldering @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and in relapse, including individualized treatment with rituximab.

title: Make the grade for XXXX after kidney transplantation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a possible association between @entity9 and @entity7 secondary to minimal @entity1 and to review the literature related to @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity9 . METHODS: The clinical, laboratory, and renal biopsy findings in a @entity0 with @entity9 and minimal @entity1 are discussed. In addition, the pertinent English-language literature published from 1966 to 2009, determined by means of a MEDLINE search, is reviewed. RESULTS: A 63-year-old @entity0 who was admitted to the hospital with @entity7 . @entity0 had a history of @entity9 for last 2 years with associated @entity11 . He had been treated with @entity10 and low low-dose @entity4 ( @entity3 5 mg daily). Examination revealed generalized oedemaedema and exophthalmoses. Laboratory tests showed 6.62 g/day of @entity5 . Antinuclear antibodies, anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), serum complement levels, cryoglobulin, @entity2 screen and serum and urine protein electrophoreses were normal. A kidney biopsy revealed features consistent with @entity8 on light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. The @entity0 had an excellent clinical and laboratory response after treatment with @entity4 and near total thyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the fourth report of the occurrence of @entity8 in a @entity0 with @entity9 in the absence of any other @entity6 known to be associated with minimal @entity1 .

title: XXXX and @entity9 : a case report and literature review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a possible association between @entity9 and @entity7 secondary to minimal @entity1 and to review the literature related to @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity9 . METHODS: The clinical, laboratory, and renal biopsy findings in a @entity0 with @entity9 and minimal @entity1 are discussed. In addition, the pertinent English-language literature published from 1966 to 2009, determined by means of a MEDLINE search, is reviewed. RESULTS: A 63-year-old @entity0 who was admitted to the hospital with @entity7 . @entity0 had a history of @entity9 for last 2 years with associated @entity11 . He had been treated with @entity10 and low low-dose @entity4 ( @entity3 5 mg daily). Examination revealed generalized oedemaedema and exophthalmoses. Laboratory tests showed 6.62 g/day of @entity5 . Antinuclear antibodies, anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), serum complement levels, cryoglobulin, @entity2 screen and serum and urine protein electrophoreses were normal. A kidney biopsy revealed features consistent with @entity8 on light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. The @entity0 had an excellent clinical and laboratory response after treatment with @entity4 and near total thyroidectomy. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the fourth report of the occurrence of @entity8 in a @entity0 with @entity9 in the absence of any other @entity6 known to be associated with minimal @entity1 .

title: @entity1 and XXXX : a case report and literature review.

answer: @entity9


abstract: The use of antibiotics and chemotherapeutics in animal husbandry has led to the occurrence of veterinary drug residues in all types of food of animal origin. Due to the specification of toxicologically based maximum residue levels for a large number of substances, existing control strategies need even faster and more sensitive methods to meet new and more rigorous regulations. The applicability of an immunosensor device for biospecific interaction analysis was investigated and the development of an assay for analysis of @entity4 ( @entity3 ) in milk is described. SMZ was covalently immobilized to a @entity5 -modified gold film. Spiked samples with known concentrations of SMZ were prepared in HBS buffer and skim and raw milk for construction of standard curves. Polyclonal antibodies against SMZ were added to the sample and the immobilized surface was used to determine the amount of free antibodies by surface plasmon resonance detection. After each measurement the surface was regenerated by @entity2 and @entity1 . In milk, the mean relative standard deviation of the assay was approximately 2% and the limit of detection less than 1 ppb. By introduction of a secondary sheep anti-rabbit antibody, the use of specific antibody could be reduced. Milk samples from the individual @entity0 , herd, and tanker levels were analyzed and the relative standard deviations within each sample category were 4.4, 2.4, and 2.2%, respectively. The effect of some potential interferences, e.g., high somatic cells, bacterial contamination, and preservatives, was investigated. The results were not influenced in such a way that the risk for so-called false-positive findings was obvious.

title: Determination of XXXX residues in milk by a surface plasmon resonance-based biosensor assay.

answer: @entity4