abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity8 @entity4 is an @entity1 due to @entity8 mutations. Anticholinesterase therapy is ineffective and may worsen the @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity8 @entity4 or few other forms of @entity7 . We describe a 31-year-old @entity0 previously diagnosed with seronegative @entity4 . Repetitive stimulation of the right spinal accessory nerve showed 51% decrement. Needle electromyography revealed @entity2 in clinically affected muscles. Muscle biopsy was normal. The @entity0 was referred to us for worsening @entity3 after taking @entity6 . We searched for @entity8 mutations and identified compound heterozygous mutations of a common @entity9 mutation and a novel splice site mutation, @entity10 . Discontinuation of @entity6 improved @entity3 . He further regained strength with oral @entity5 therapy and decrement was reduced to 25%. Worsening of symptoms with anticholinesterase therapy in @entity0 with "seronegative @entity4 " should prompt clinicians to consider a possibility of @entity7 to avoid unnecessary use of immunosuppressive therapy. @entity0 with @entity8 @entity4 respond well to oral @entity5 treatment.

title: Anticholinesterase Therapy Worsening Head Drop and Limb Weakness Due to a Novel XXXX Mutation.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The evaluation of Barrett's glands buried underneath esophageal squamous epithelium becomes increasingly important to achieve curative treatments. However, clinically available endoscopies have critical limitations in depicting the subsurface structure, resulting in non-curative treatments. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can acquire a high-resolution cross-sectional image, equivalent to an 'optical biopsy'. We aimed to assess the feasibility of the in vivo use of probe-type OCT imaging to evaluate @entity1 buried underneath esophageal squamous epithelium METHODS: We conducted a single-center prospective study with 14 consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 from 2008 to 2014. The enrolled @entity0 were examined by a probe-type OCT in vivo, followed by en bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with electric marking. Then, the one-to-one correlations between the OCT images of the buried mucosa and their histological assessment were examined. RESULTS: The overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the buried mucosa in the OCT imaging were 85.7% (12/14), 77.8% (7/9), 100% (5/5), 100% (7/7) and 71.4% (5/7), respectively. However, OCT could not easily distinguish @entity3 from @entity4 . Additionally, the linear distance from the histological squamo-columnar junction in correct cases tended to be longer than that in incorrect cases (mm, median [range]: 2.0 [0.7-7.5] vs. 0.5 [0.5-0.5]). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated, for the first time, that pre-operative OCT imaging might be feasible for detecting the oral side extension of buried @entity1 to remove the entire area with malignant potential by ESD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Feasibility of optical coherence tomography for the evaluation of XXXX buried underneath esophageal squamous epithelium.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Unilateral spatial neglect consists of the inability of a @entity0 to respond, orient, and attend to stimuli on the left side of a space following a right-hemisphere lesion. Many rehabilitation approaches have been proposed to reduce neglect. The aim of our study was to compare the effect of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and prismatic adaptation (PA) on @entity0 with neglect following a right-hemisphere lesion. Twenty @entity0 with left neglect were enrolled in the study. Before and after training, a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment of visuospatial abilities, evaluating personal, peripersonal, and extrapersonal neglect, was performed. After assessment, @entity0 were alternately assigned to 1 of 2 groups, @entity1 or PA. Both trainings consisted of 20 sessions, 1 per day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The results showed that both treatments improved @entity0 neglect, especially in personal and peripersonal spaces. No difference between pretreatment and posttreatment was found in extrapersonal subscales. This finding could be due to the fact that there were no exercises requiring the use of objects within reach in either training. In conclusion, no difference between the 2 approaches was found, and both are useful rehabilitation techniques that appear to improve neglect.

title: Efficacy of XXXX and prism adaptation for neglect rehabilitation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The prevalence of psychotropic and nonpsychotropic drug prescriptions in institutions and community residential facilities in 1978-79 was assessed. The data were gathered as an incidental part of a comprehensive national interview study of the characteristics of residential facilities and their residents. The study included 2271 retarded individuals in 236 residential facilities in the US. Facilities were selected through a 2-stage probability sample design in such a way that the probability of a facility's selection was proportionate to its size (number of residents) and so that the distribution of sample facilities across census regions and size classes was in close agreement with the distribution of facilities nationally. Interviews at 75 institutions and 161 private facilities were conducted between September 1978 and April 1979. Demographic information about individual residents, including date of birth, date of admission, previous type of residential placement, age, height, weight, diagnosed degree of retardation, and diagnosis of @entity2 , @entity5 , or @entity4 , was obtained from each resident's records. The staff @entity0 most familiar with each resident was then identified and interviewed about the resident. Care @entity0 were asked whether and for what purpose drugs were prescribed for each resident. 75.8% of institutionalized residents and 54.3% of community facility residents were reported to be receiving at least 1 type of regularly prescribed medication. Percentages reported for specific drugs should be considered minimums, because drug names were not always elicited if the drug's purpose was known. Drugs not named, but reported to be prescribed for a chronic health condition, @entity2 , a @entity1 problem, for sleeping, or for birth control, were listed with "other" within tentative categories. Multiple regression was used to examine the relationships among drug use and several resident and facility characteristics. The institutionalized and community-based samples were combined for these analyses. Drugs reported to be prescribed for chronic health problems most frequently were used by older, nonambulatory residents who had health problems. Use of antiepilepsy drugs was most closely associated with a history of @entity3 . Only 1.3% of community facility residents and 1.6% of institutionalized residents whose records did not document @entity2 were reported to be receiving antiepilepsy drugs. Psychotropic drugs most often were prescribed for residents with @entity1 or for those with a recorded mention of @entity4 or @entity5 . Older, heavier, and more severely retarded residents also were more likely to receive psychotropic drugs. Contraceptive drugs were predicted by age, sex, ability, and minority status. Younger and @entity4 @entity0 were more likely to receive birth control methods, as were minorities.

title: A national study of prescribed drugs in institutions and community residential facilities for XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The prevalence of psychotropic and nonpsychotropic drug prescriptions in institutions and community residential facilities in 1978-79 was assessed. The data were gathered as an incidental part of a comprehensive national interview study of the characteristics of residential facilities and their residents. The study included 2271 retarded individuals in 236 residential facilities in the US. Facilities were selected through a 2-stage probability sample design in such a way that the probability of a facility's selection was proportionate to its size (number of residents) and so that the distribution of sample facilities across census regions and size classes was in close agreement with the distribution of facilities nationally. Interviews at 75 institutions and 161 private facilities were conducted between September 1978 and April 1979. Demographic information about individual residents, including date of birth, date of admission, previous type of residential placement, age, height, weight, diagnosed degree of retardation, and diagnosis of @entity2 , @entity5 , or @entity4 , was obtained from each resident's records. The staff @entity0 most familiar with each resident was then identified and interviewed about the resident. Care @entity0 were asked whether and for what purpose drugs were prescribed for each resident. 75.8% of institutionalized residents and 54.3% of community facility residents were reported to be receiving at least 1 type of regularly prescribed medication. Percentages reported for specific drugs should be considered minimums, because drug names were not always elicited if the drug's purpose was known. Drugs not named, but reported to be prescribed for a chronic health condition, @entity2 , a @entity1 problem, for sleeping, or for birth control, were listed with "other" within tentative categories. Multiple regression was used to examine the relationships among drug use and several resident and facility characteristics. The institutionalized and community-based samples were combined for these analyses. Drugs reported to be prescribed for chronic health problems most frequently were used by older, nonambulatory residents who had health problems. Use of antiepilepsy drugs was most closely associated with a history of @entity3 . Only 1.3% of community facility residents and 1.6% of institutionalized residents whose records did not document @entity2 were reported to be receiving antiepilepsy drugs. Psychotropic drugs most often were prescribed for residents with @entity1 or for those with a recorded mention of @entity4 or @entity5 . Older, heavier, and more severely retarded residents also were more likely to receive psychotropic drugs. Contraceptive drugs were predicted by age, sex, ability, and minority status. Younger and @entity4 @entity0 were more likely to receive birth control methods, as were minorities.

title: A national study of prescribed drugs in institutions and community residential facilities for @entity4 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The relationships between @entity2 visible on imaging and cognition are complex. We explored the possibility that the cerebral cortical volume mediated these relationships. METHODS: Total of 1906 nondemented @entity0 (59% @entity0 ; 25% African-American; mean age, 76.6 years) in the @entity3 Risk in Communities (ARIC) study underwent cognitive assessments, risk factor assessments, and quantitative MRI for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 . The Freesurfer imaging analysis pipeline was used to determine regional cerebral volumes. We examined the associations of cognitive domain outcomes with cerebral volumes (hippocampus and separate groups of posterior and frontal cortical regions of interest) and cerebrovascular imaging features (presence of large or small cortical/subcortical @entity4 and @entity1 volume). We performed mediation pathway analyses to assess the hypothesis that hippocampal and cortical volumes mediated the associations between cerebrovascular imaging features and cognition. RESULTS: In unmediated analyses, @entity1 and @entity4 were both associated with worse psychomotor speed/executive function. In mediation analyses, @entity1 and @entity4 associations on psychomotor speed/executive function were significantly attenuated, but not abolished, by the inclusion of the posterior cortical regions of interest volume in the models, and the @entity4 on psychomotor speed/executive function association were attenuated, but not abolished, by inclusion of the frontal cortical regions of interest volume. CONCLUSIONS: Both @entity1 and @entity4 were associated with cortical volume, and both lesions were also associated with cognitive performance, implying shared pathophysiological mechanisms. Although cross-sectional, our findings suggest that @entity1 and @entity4 could be proxies for clinically covert processes that directly damage cortical regions. Microinfarcts are 1 candidate for such a clinically covert process.

title: Vascular Imaging Abnormalities and Cognition: Mediation by Cortical Volume in Nondemented Individuals: XXXX Risk in Communities-Neurocognitive Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Infiltration of @entity1 with effector T cells is positively associated with therapeutic efficacy and @entity0 survival. However, the mechanisms underlying effector T-cell trafficking to the @entity1 microenvironment remain poorly understood in @entity0 with @entity7 . The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is involved in @entity1 progression, but the regulation of @entity1 immunity by epigenetic mechanisms has yet to be investigated. In this study, we examined the relationship between the repressive PRC2 machinery and effector T-cell trafficking. We found that PRC2 components and demethylase @entity11 -mediated histone H3 @entity4 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) repress the expression and subsequent production of @entity8 -type chemokines @entity3 and @entity2 , mediators of effector T-cell trafficking. Moreover, the expression levels of PRC2 components, including @entity9 , @entity10 , and EED, were inversely associated with those of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 -type chemokines in @entity0 @entity7 tissue, and this expression pattern was significantly associated with @entity0 survival. Collectively, our findings reveal that PRC2-mediated epigenetic silencing is not only a crucial oncogenic mechanism, but also a key circuit controlling @entity1 immunosuppression. Therefore, targeting epigenetic programs may have significant implications for improving the efficacy of current @entity1 immunotherapies relying on effective T-cell-mediated immunity at the @entity1 site. @entity1 Res; 76(2); 275-82.   2015 AACR.

title: PRC2 Epigenetically Silences @entity8 -Type Chemokines to Suppress Effector T-Cell Trafficking in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Infiltration of @entity1 with effector T cells is positively associated with therapeutic efficacy and @entity0 survival. However, the mechanisms underlying effector T-cell trafficking to the @entity1 microenvironment remain poorly understood in @entity0 with @entity7 . The polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is involved in @entity1 progression, but the regulation of @entity1 immunity by epigenetic mechanisms has yet to be investigated. In this study, we examined the relationship between the repressive PRC2 machinery and effector T-cell trafficking. We found that PRC2 components and demethylase @entity11 -mediated histone H3 @entity4 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) repress the expression and subsequent production of @entity8 -type chemokines @entity3 and @entity2 , mediators of effector T-cell trafficking. Moreover, the expression levels of PRC2 components, including @entity9 , @entity10 , and EED, were inversely associated with those of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 -type chemokines in @entity0 @entity7 tissue, and this expression pattern was significantly associated with @entity0 survival. Collectively, our findings reveal that PRC2-mediated epigenetic silencing is not only a crucial oncogenic mechanism, but also a key circuit controlling @entity1 immunosuppression. Therefore, targeting epigenetic programs may have significant implications for improving the efficacy of current @entity1 immunotherapies relying on effective T-cell-mediated immunity at the @entity1 site. @entity1 Res; 76(2); 275-82.   2015 AACR.

title: PRC2 Epigenetically Silences XXXX -Type Chemokines to Suppress Effector T-Cell Trafficking in @entity7 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: During gaze shifts, @entity0 can use visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive feedback, as well as feedforward mechanisms, for stabilization against active and passive @entity3 . The contributions of feedforward and sensory feedback control, and the role of the cerebellum, are still under debate. To quantify these contributions, we increased the head moment of inertia in three groups (ten healthy, five chronic vestibular-loss and nine @entity5 @entity0 ) while they performed large gaze shifts to flashed targets in darkness. This induces undesired @entity1 . Consequently, both active (desired) and passive (undesired) @entity3 had to be compensated for to stabilize gaze. All groups compensated for active and passive @entity3 , vestibular-loss @entity0 less than the other groups (P < 0.001, @entity4 : vestibular-loss 0.23    0.09/0.43    0.12, healthy 0.80    0.17/0.83    0.15, @entity5 .17/0.77    0.30, mean    SD). The compensation gain ratio against @entity2 was smaller than one in vestibular-loss @entity0 (0.54    0.10, P=0.001). Healthy and @entity5 @entity0 did not differ in active and passive compensation. In summary, vestibular-loss @entity0 can better stabilize gaze against active than against passive @entity3 . Therefore, feedforward mechanisms substantially contribute to gaze stabilization. Proprioception alone is not sufficient (gain 0.2). Stabilization against active and passive @entity3 was not impaired in our @entity5 @entity0 .

title: Gaze stabilization in chronic vestibular-loss and in XXXX : Interactions of feedforward and sensory feedback mechanisms.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 is the leading cause of @entity4 among Asian Americans. Chinese Americans comprise the largest Asian American ethnic group. Low health literacy (LHL) is associated with lower @entity2 screening rates, but this association has not been studied in Chinese Americans. We examined the relationship between LHL and meeting US Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines for cervical, colorectal and @entity0 screening among Chinese Americans. DESIGN: Observational study of Chinese respondents in the 2007 California Health Interview Survey, a population-based survey. Interview languages included English, Cantonese and Mandarin. SETTING: California, USA @entity1 : Chinese respondents in age/gender groupings appropriate for USPSTF @entity2 screening guidelines (cervical: @entity1 ages 21-65, n=632; colorectal: @entity1 or @entity1 ages 50-75, n=488; and breast: @entity1 ages 50-74, n=326). OUTCOMES: Relationships were tested using multivariable logistic regression models controlling for healthcare access and demographic factors, including limited English proficiency (LEP). The combined effects of having both LHL and LEP were specifically examined. LHL was measured by 2-items on perceived ease-of-use of written medical materials. All study variables were self-reported. RESULTS: @entity2 screening percentages among Chinese Americans were 77.8% for cervical, 50.9% for colorectal (47.9% for @entity1 and 54.2% for @entity1 ), and 85.5% for breast. LHL was associated with lower odds of meeting @entity0 screening guidelines (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.82). Respondents with both LHL and LEP were significantly less likely to have up-to-date colorectal (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.97) and @entity0 screening (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.54) than those with neither health communication barrier. In all multivariable models, having seen a physician in the past year was a significant predictor of an up-to-date screening. CONCLUSIONS: In Chinese Americans, LHL and LEP were negatively associated with up-to-date breast and @entity3 screening, independent of a recent physician visit. Efforts to promote @entity2 screening among Chinese Americans should consider and address LHL, LEP and physician access barriers.

title: Low health literacy and XXXX screening among Chinese Americans in California: a cross-sectional analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Acute disseminated @entity5 (ADEM) is an inflammatory, demyelinating @entity8 whose clinical features, management and outcome are incompletely understood in Tunisian population. OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical, neuroimaging and laboratory features; treatment and outcome in a cohort of Tunisian @entity0 with ADEM. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of all @entity0 attending the Department of @entity0 and Adolescent Neurology (Tunis) with ADEM between 2005 and 2015. Clinical, neuroimaging and laboratory features, therapeutic data and outcome were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 15  @entity0 (7  males and 8  females). The mean age at onset was 6.9years. Thirteen (86.6%) @entity0 had a prodromal event. The onset of @entity2 occurred within 17.6days (4-30). Limb weakness was the most common presenting symptom (53.3%). @entity3 was noticed in 6  @entity0 (40%). Initial MRI showed a deep gray matter involvement in 7  cases (46.6%). @entity7 enhancement at acute stage was observed in only 2  @entity0 (13%). Cerebrospinal fluid findings did not show intrathecal oligoclonal bands. The use of high-dose IV @entity6 followed by oral @entity4 taper was associated with rapid recovery. Additional treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin was necessary in 2  @entity0 . Complete recovery was obtained in 11  @entity0 (73.3%). A monophasic course was noticed in 14  cases. Only one @entity0 (5%) developed @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The high frequency of prodromal events and @entity3 in addition to the low rate of @entity7 enhancement at acute stage seem to be the main features in our @entity0 . Larger ADEM multicenter cohort studies in Tunisia and North Africa could provide more detailed information about this entity.

title: [Acute disseminated XXXX in Tunisia: Report of a pediatric cohort].

answer: @entity5


abstract: The effect of @entity0 ( @entity1 ) was studied at four different doses in a group of 10 normal subjects. Blood levels of @entity1 were assayed by gas chromatography and showed wide interindividual variations. Spontaneous brain electrical activity (EEG) was recorded from 8 leads and submitted to spectral analysis. Evoked responses (ER) to flashes, pattern reversals and clicks were averaged, and measured by their amplitude and variability. Several subjects presented marked side-effects (responders, R) and showed differences in many EEG parameters with respect to subjects without side-effects (non-responders, NR). A cluster analysis permitted to distinguish very clearly these two groups of subjects. The differences in the effects of @entity1 between the R and NR groups involved mainly EEG, and appeared with a systematic topography over the scalp. Within the R group, many differences were observed as a function of the dose of @entity1 ; they consisted mainly in a decrease of alpha and an increase of theta activity in the EEG, decrease of amplitude and increase of variability in the ER measures. These modifications had also a typical topography over the scalp. Finally, many variables of EEG (relative power only) were correlated with plasma level of @entity1 , while no such correlation appeared for ER. These results are discussed in terms of individual sensitivity to drugs, relationships between EEG parameters and plasma level, and topographical differences in the effect of @entity1 .

title: Relationship between plasma-levels of XXXX and effects on EEG and evoked potentials in healthy volunteers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is the most common @entity2 in developed countries. Between the identified risk factors, one of the most important is the age. Its prevalence reaches 24  % in @entity0 and 33  % in @entity0 over 85  years. Increase in life expectancy, making it a serious public health problem. Prevention of @entity1 represents a major challenge to health. Given that @entity1 is largely dependent on the genetics of each @entity0 and uninterrupted progress of the age, which is try to make @entity0 aware that there are other factors that can alter your chance of developing the @entity1 and although currently not reduce, help is not increased in the near or distant future.The aim of this paper is to develop and evaluate a Web-Mobile application (Alzhe Alert) used to calculate the risk of Alzheimer's from a short questionnaire using a computer or mobile device, so that any user, without requiring computer skills, can access the website to estimate their risk of developing the disease in the coming years depending on their habits and daily basis activities. The users who have realized the questionnaire can to observe in a graph the result, and they will know which is at risk for Alzheimer's at present and over the next 50  years if they continue with the same habits and lifestyle. The objective is that the users can be aware of the risk they have different habits of life about their health. Currently, 243 users (84 @entity0 and 159 @entity0 ) of white race have completed the questionnaire. 76  % of the users have got a risk below the average.

title: What is Your Risk of Contracting XXXX ? A Telematics Tool Helps you to Predict it.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We determined the ultrastructure of @entity1 @entity7 , a model for @entity0 @entity7 . METHODS: @entity7 was induced in C57Bl/6j @entity1 by intrastromal injection of @entity0 adenovirus species D type 37 (HAdV-D37) with a heat-pulled, glass, micropipette needle under compressed air. At select time points after @entity4 , @entity1 were euthanized and their corneas removed, fixed, and sectioned at 70-nm thickness for electron microscopy. RESULTS: Injection of HAdV-D37 into the @entity1 @entity6 placed virus predominantly in the pericellular corneal stromal matrix. @entity5 was seen bound to and entering stromal cells at 1 and 2 hours after @entity4 , respectively. Cell membrane transit by virus was seen to involve two distinct structures resembling caveolae and macropinosomes. However, later during @entity4 intracellular virus was not seen within membrane-bound organelles. By 8 hours after @entity4 , intracellular virus had accumulated into densely packed, perinuclear arrays. @entity5 disassembly was not obvious at any time point after @entity4 . Infiltrating neutrophils seen by one day after @entity4 had engulfed degraded stromal cells by 4 days after @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: By transmission electron microscopy, injected HAdV-D37 readily enters stromal cells in the C57Bl/6j @entity1 @entity3 and induces @entity2 , as was shown previously by light microscopy. However, electron microscopy also revealed dense, static arrays of intracytoplasmic virus, suggesting a block in viral capsid disassembly and viral DNA nuclear entry. These findings may explain why @entity0 adenoviruses do not replicate in the @entity1 @entity6 .

title: Ultrastructure of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The renin-angiotensin- @entity7 system (RAAS) is an enzymatic cascade functioning in a paracrine and autocrine fashion. In animals and @entity0 , RAAS intrinsic to tissues modulates food intake, metabolic rate, @entity8 , and insulin secretion. A large array of observations shows that dysregulation of RAAS in the @entity5 favors @entity4 2 @entity1 . Remarkably, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, suppressing the synthesis of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), and angiotensin receptor blockers, targeting the @entity9 @entity4 1 receptor, prevent @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 . These drugs interrupt the negative feedback loop of @entity9 on the RAAS cascade, which results in increased production of angiotensins. In addition, they change the tissue expression of RAAS components. Therefore, the concept of a dual @entity10 of RAAS regarding @entity6 homeostasis has emerged. The RAAS deleterious @entity10 increases the production of inflammatory cytokines and raises oxidative stress, exacerbating the insulin resistance and decreasing insulin secretion. The @entity10 promotes adipogenesis, blocks the production of inflammatory cytokines, and lowers oxidative stress, thereby improving insulin sensitivity and secretion. Currently, drugs targeting RAAS are not given for the purpose of preventing @entity1 in @entity0 . However, we anticipate that in the near future the discovery of novel means to modulate the RAAS @entity10 will result in a decisive therapeutic breakthrough.

title: Modulation of XXXX metabolism by the renin-angiotensin- @entity7 system.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The renin-angiotensin- @entity7 system (RAAS) is an enzymatic cascade functioning in a paracrine and autocrine fashion. In animals and @entity0 , RAAS intrinsic to tissues modulates food intake, metabolic rate, @entity8 , and insulin secretion. A large array of observations shows that dysregulation of RAAS in the @entity5 favors @entity4 2 @entity1 . Remarkably, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, suppressing the synthesis of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), and angiotensin receptor blockers, targeting the @entity9 @entity4 1 receptor, prevent @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 . These drugs interrupt the negative feedback loop of @entity9 on the RAAS cascade, which results in increased production of angiotensins. In addition, they change the tissue expression of RAAS components. Therefore, the concept of a dual @entity10 of RAAS regarding @entity6 homeostasis has emerged. The RAAS deleterious @entity10 increases the production of inflammatory cytokines and raises oxidative stress, exacerbating the insulin resistance and decreasing insulin secretion. The @entity10 promotes adipogenesis, blocks the production of inflammatory cytokines, and lowers oxidative stress, thereby improving insulin sensitivity and secretion. Currently, drugs targeting RAAS are not given for the purpose of preventing @entity1 in @entity0 . However, we anticipate that in the near future the discovery of novel means to modulate the RAAS @entity10 will result in a decisive therapeutic breakthrough.

title: Modulation of @entity6 metabolism by the renin-angiotensin- XXXX system.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Summary OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective longitudinal investigation was to compare the relationship between the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) condyles and the temporal fossae by means of tomography before and after the orthodontic correction of Class II, division 1 @entity3 using the activator appliance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The final sample consisted of 26 consecutively treated Class II, division 1 @entity0 (19 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 with an average pre-treatment age of 11 years) who underwent orthodontic treatment by means of an activator appliance. Before treatment all @entity0 were free of signs and symptoms associated to @entity2 . Bilateral tomographic records before and after treatment were taken and analyzed. Outlines of the condyle and temporal fossa were automatically determined by an edge-detection protocol, and the minimum joint space dimension was automatically measured every 2 degrees. For further analysis, the joint space was divided into anterior, superior, and posterior joint spaces. RESULTS: The average treatment time with the activator appliance was 366 days. In all subjects, activator treatment resulted in a Class I dental arch relationship. After activator treatment, no differences were found in the joint space measurements in any direction. Comparisons between the right and left condyles were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: Joint space dimension in Class II division I @entity0 was similar before and after treatment in both TMJs.

title: Changes in joint space dimension after the correction of Class II division 1 XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Transanal irrigation is increasingly used against chronic @entity3 and fecal @entity2 in selected @entity0 . The aims were to estimate the incidence of irrigation-related @entity1 in @entity0 using the Peristeen Anal Irrigation(  ) system, and to explore @entity0 - and procedure-related factors associated with perforation. METHODS: External independent expert audit on the complete set of global vigilance data related to Peristeen Anal Irrigation from 2005 to 2013. RESULTS: In total, 49 reports of @entity1 had been recorded. Based on sales figures, this corresponds to an average risk of @entity1 of 6 per million procedures. The latest two-year data indicate a risk of 2 per million procedures. In 29 out of 43 evaluable cases (67  %), perforation happened within the first 8  weeks since start of treatment. After 8  weeks, long-term use has an estimated risk of less than 2 per million procedures. Among @entity0 with @entity4 , 11 out of 15 (73  %) had a history of pelvic organ surgery compared to 5 out of 26 (19  %) in @entity4 . In 11 of 46 (24  %) evaluable cases, burst of the rectal balloon was reported. CONCLUSION: Enema-induced perforation is a rare complication to transanal irrigation with Peristeen Anal Irrigation, which increases the benefit risk ratio in support of the further use of transanal irrigation. Increased risk is present during treatment initiation and in @entity0 with prior pelvic organ surgery. Careful @entity0 selection, @entity0 evaluation and proper training of @entity0 are critical to safe practice of this technique.

title: XXXX related to transanal irrigation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) regulates multiple biological processes including flowering, circadian and stress response in plant. Although accumulating evidences indicate that @entity1 is developmentally regulated, how @entity1 responds to developmental cues is not well understood. Early fruit growth mainly characterized by active cell division and cell expansion contributes to the formation of fruit morphology and quality traits. Transcriptome profiling has revealed the coordinated complex regulation of gene expression in the process. High throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology is advancing the genome-wide analysis of @entity1 events in plant species, but the landscape of @entity1 in early growth fruit is still not available for @entity0 ( @entity0 ), a model plant for fleshy fruit development study. RESULTS: Using RNA-seq, we surveyed the @entity1 patterns in @entity0 seedlings, flowers and young developing fruits and found that 59.3  % of expressed multi-exon genes underwent @entity1 in these tissues. The predominant type of @entity1 events is intron retention, followed by alternative splice donor and acceptor, whereas exon skipping has the lowest frequency. Although the frequencies of @entity1 events are similar among seedlings, flowers and early growth fruits, the fruits generated more splice variants per gene. Further comparison of gene expression in early growth fruits at 2, 5 and 10  days post anthesis revealed that 5206 multi-exon genes had at least one splice variants differentially expressed during early fruit development, whereas only 1059 out of them showed differential expression at gene level. We also identified 27 multi-exon genes showing differential splicing during early fruit growth. In addition, the study discovered 2507 new transcription regions (NTRs) unlinked to the annotated chromosomal regions, from where 956 putative protein coding transcripts and 1690 putative long non-coding RNAs were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Our genome-wide analysis of @entity1 events reveals a distinctive @entity1 pattern in early growth @entity0 fruits. The landscape of @entity1 obtained in this study will facilitate future investigation on transcriptome complexity and @entity1 regulation during early fruit growth in @entity0 . The newly found NTRs will also be useful for updating the @entity0 genome annotation.

title: Identification of alternative splicing events by RNA sequencing in early growth XXXX fruits.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The failure to rescue (FTR) rate is the probability of @entity3 after a major complication and was defined in elective surgical cohorts. In elective surgery, the precedence rate (proportion of @entity3 preceded by major complications) approaches 100%, but recent studies in @entity2 report rates of only 20-25%. We hypothesised that use of high quality data would result precedence rates in higher than those derived from national datasets, and we further sought to characterise the nature of those @entity3 not preceded by major complications. METHODS: Prospectively collected data from 2006 to 2010 from a single level I @entity2 centre were used. @entity0 age >16 years with @entity4 >= 2 who survived beyond the @entity2 bay were included. Complications, mortality, FTR, and precedence rates were calculated. Chart abstraction was performed for registry @entity3 without recorded complications to verify the absence of complications and determine the cause of @entity3 , after which outcomes were re-calculated. RESULTS: A total of 8004 @entity0 were included (median age 41 (IQR 25-75), 71% male, 82% blunt, median ISS 10 (IQR 5-18)). Using registry data the precedence rate was 55%, with 132/293 (45%) @entity3 occurring without antecedent major complications. On chart abstraction, 11/132 (8%) @entity0 recorded in the registry as having no complication prior to @entity3 were found to have major complications. Complication and FTR rates after chart abstraction were statistically significantly different than those derived from registry data alone (complications 16.5% vs. 16.3, FTR 12.3 vs.13, p=0.001), but this difference was unlikely to be clinically meaningful. @entity0 dying without complications predominantly (87%) had neurologic causes of demise. CONCLUSIONS: Use of data with near-complete ascertainment of complications results in precedence rates much higher than those from national datasets. @entity0 dying without precedent complications at our centre largely succumbed to progression of @entity1 . Attempts to use FTR to compare quality between centres should be limited to high quality data. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III. RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY: Outcomes.

title: Failure to rescue in XXXX : Coming to terms with the second term.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: An association of human @entity6 alleles with autoimmune conditions is increasingly being used for diagnostic purposes. The aim of our study was to examine whether HLA class II alleles in pediatric-onset @entity1 (pAILD) may serve as diagnostic markers and if they correlate with clinical outcome parameters. @entity5 alleles of 76 @entity0 with pAILD ( @entity2 [ @entity2 ], @entity3 [ @entity3 ], @entity4 [ @entity4 ]) and of 50 healthy blood donors as control group were analyzed retrospectively. Diagnosis of these @entity0 was confirmed by the @entity2 score including liver histology, which has been re-evaluated by a blinded liver pathologist, and by bile duct imaging, as appropriate. Our results showed significant association of @entity5 *03 with @entity8 and @entity3 with 82  % specificity for @entity2 . For pAILD (excluding @entity7 ), @entity5 *03 homozygosity had specificity of 98  %, whereas sensitivity is low. Remission in @entity5 *03-positive @entity0 appears to be less likely. @entity5 *13 is significantly associated with @entity4 and also with @entity8 . CONCLUSION: @entity5 alleles provide supportive information for diagnostic workup in @entity0 with @entity1 , but they were not suitable for differentiation within pAILD. Their prognostic value could be helpful but needs to be evaluated further. What is Known:     @entity5 *03 is NOT associated with pediatric @entity2 in a previous national study.     In other studies, @entity5 *03 is associated with @entity8 .     @entity5 *13 is associated with @entity4 .     @entity5 *04 is described as protective for AILD. What is New:     @entity5 four-digit typing for all alleles and for all subgroups of pAILD combined with re-assessment of liver histology     @entity5 *03:01 is associated with pediatric @entity8 and @entity3 .     @entity5 *03:01 appears to be a prognostic marker.     @entity5 *13:01 is associated with pediatric @entity8 in mixed ethnicity cohort.     @entity5 *04 does not show any protective effect for pAILD.

title: Human leucocyte antigens and pediatric XXXX : diagnosis and prognosis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 with @entity1 , especially @entity2 , often face low acceptance at work. This is particularly problematic when returning to work after sick leave, because it impedes reintegration into the former workplace. This study explores colleagues' reactions towards a problematic worker dependent on the returning @entity0 's reintegration strategy: The returning @entity0 undertaking changes in their behaviour is compared with the @entity0 requesting adjustments of the workplace. In an experimental study, 188 employed @entity0 read one of four vignettes that described a return-to-work-situation of a problematic co-worker. Across all vignettes, the co-worker was depicted as having previously caused problems in the work team. In the first vignette, the co-worker did not change anything (control condition) when she returned to work; in the second, she asked for workplace adjustments; in the third vignette she initiated efforts to change her own behaviour; and the fourth vignette combined both workplace adjustments and behavioural change. Study @entity0 were asked for their reactions towards the problematic co-worker. Vignettes that included a behavioural change evoked more positive reactions towards the co-worker than vignettes without any behavioural change. Asking for workplace adjustments alone did not yield more positive reactions compared to not initiating any change. When preparing employees with interactional problems for their return to work, it is not effective to only instruct them on their statutory entitlement for workplace adjustments. Instead, it is advisable to encourage them to proactively strive for behaviour changes.

title: Asking for work adjustments or initiating behavioural changes - what makes a 'problematic co-worker' score Brownie points? An experimental study on the reactions towards colleagues with a XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate efficacy and safety of Baimai ointment (see symbol in text) in the treatment of wrist-dysfunction after @entity2 . METHODS: From April, 2011 to June, 2012, 43 @entity0 with @entity2 were treated with plaster fixation. All the @entity0 were divided into two group: test group and control group. Twenty-one @entity0 in test group and 22 in control group, and the baseline was balance (P > 0.05). The 21 @entity0 in test group were treated with Baimai ointment (see symbol in text), fomentation, functional exercises. The 22 @entity0 in control group were treated with placebo, fomentation, functional exercises. Foment affected side wrist with wet towel in 20 min before medication, with the temperature between 50 degrees C and 60 degrees C. Smear drugs uniformly in range of 3 cm in the vicinity of palm stripes after drying (about 3 g) and take functional exercises for the activities of wrist and hand. Continuous follow the program per 8 hours once and follow-up for 8 weeks. The Wrist's @entity1 was assessed with VAS. The wrist's activities were measured with the protractor of orthopedic. Measure The grip strength was measured with dynamometer. The wrist's function were assessed with the table of Cooney. RESULTS: The test group had a significantly better results than those of control group in the extent of wrist's @entity1 throughout the treatment (P < 0.001), and grip strength on the 28th day and the 56th day (P < 0.05), and Cooney functional assessment on the 56th day (P < 0.05). Wrist's activities had no significane difference throughout the 8 weeks (P > 0.05). There were no drug adverse reactions occurred. CONCLUSION: Tibetan Baimai ointment (see symbol in text) has the treatment of wrist-dysfunction after @entity2 for external use, which can reduce the extent of wrist's @entity1 , promote grip strength recovery in the middle and late of process, promote wrist's function recovery latterly, and safety for external use.

title: [Case-control study on tibetan Baimai ointment (see symbol in text) for the treatment of wrist-dysfunction after XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical characteristics of triceps brachii @entity4 at olecranon ending. METHODS: From June 2005 to November 2011,19 @entity0 with triceps brachii @entity4 at olecranon ending were treated with surgical technique. Among the 19 @entity0 , 7 @entity0 were male, with an average age of 24.1 years old (ranged, 15 to 41 years old); 12 @entity0 were female, with an average age of 51.4 years old (ranged, 16 to 73 years old). Eight @entity0 had @entity1 in the left elbows, and 11 @entity0 had @entity1 . Seventeen @entity0 had @entity1 induced by walking fall and 2 @entity0 had @entity1 induced by falling down. Thirteen @entity0 were simple triceps brachii @entity4 at olecranon ending, 6 @entity0 were associated with other @entity1 . Five @entity0 were associated with radial @entity2 ; 1 @entity0 with capitellum @entity2 ; 1 @entity0 with @entity2 ; 1 @entity0 with epitrochlear. All the lateral radiographs of the injuried elbow demenstrated the flecks of avulsed osseous material from the olecranon (flake sign). The associated @entity1 had the homologus presence. All the @entity0 were treated with surgical techniques:15 @entity0 were treated with figure-of-eight tension-band wire; figure-of-eight tension band wire and Kirschner wire in 1 @entity0 ; wire cerclage in 1 @entity0 ; nonabsorbable suture in 2 @entity0 . The associated @entity1 were treated simultaneously. Plaster was applied after operation in 2 @entity0 with heavier elbow associated @entity1 , other @entity0 without any external fixation. The Mayo elbow score were observed to determinate the function of the elbow. RESULTS: All the @entity0 were followed up, 1 @entity0 died of other disease at one year after operation, the other 18 @entity0 were followed up with an average of 47.9 months (ranged from 14 to 91 months). According to the Mayo elbow score, 16 @entity0 got an excellent result and 2 good. CONCLUSION: @entity5 at olecranon ending is not a @entity3 , which is common in female older than fifty and in male younger then thirty. Surgical results are generally excellent. But dysfunction frequently remains in @entity0 with associated @entity1 .

title: [Clinical characteristics of triceps brachii XXXX at olecranon ending].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The neurobiological underpinnings of avolition in @entity3 remain unclear. Most brain imaging research has focused on reward prediction @entity2 , but findings are not consistent. In the light of accumulating evidence that both ventral striatum and dorsal caudate play a key role in motivation, we investigated ventral striatum and dorsal caudate activation during processing of reward or loss in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHOD: We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study brain activation during a Monetary Incentive Delay task in @entity0 with @entity3 , treated with second-generation antipsychotics only, and in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). We also assessed the relationships of ventral striatum and dorsal caudate activation with measures of hedonic experience and motivation. RESULTS: The whole @entity0 group had lower motivation but comparable hedonic experience and striatal activation than @entity1 . @entity0 with high avolition scores showed lower dorsal caudate activation than both @entity1 and @entity0 with low avolition scores. A lower dorsal caudate activation was also observed in @entity0 with deficit @entity3 compared to @entity1 and @entity0 with non-deficit @entity3 . Dorsal caudate activity during reward anticipation was significantly associated with avolition, but not with @entity4 in the @entity0 group. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that avolition in @entity3 is linked to dorsal caudate hypoactivation.

title: Is avolition in XXXX associated with a deficit of dorsal caudate activity? A functional magnetic resonance imaging study during reward anticipation and feedback.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and retinal blood @entity2 saturation ( @entity4 ) in mild to moderate nonproliferative @entity1 (NPDR) and in age-matched controls. Methods: One eye of each of 15 healthy subjects (68    6 years) and 13 subjects with mild to moderate NPDR (67    10 years) was dilated. None of the @entity0 with NPDR had received treatment for their retinopathic changes or had any evidence of sight-threatening characteristics. Doppler Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography blood flow was measured using the prototype RTVue system; six separate measurements each comprising an upper and a lower nasal pupil scan were acquired. Six hyperspectral retinal measurements were acquired using a noninvasive hyperspectral retinal camera (prototype H-8.5 HR Camera). Results: Total @entity3 was significantly lower in NPDR when compared to controls (42.7    7.5 vs. 33.0    9.2  L/min; P = 0.004). Mean retinal arterial and venular @entity4 were higher in NPDR than in controls (94.7    2.4% vs. 92.9    1.6%, P = 0.02; 62.5    5.7% vs. 56.3    4.7%, P = 0.003). This study showed a correlation between @entity3 and arteriolar @entity4 in both controls (r = 0.58, P = 0.02) and NPDR (r = 0.54, P = 0.05), but no correlation between venular @entity3 and venular @entity4 in controls (r = 0.24, P = 0.83) or in NPDR (r = 0.23, P = 0.45). The arteriovenous difference (AV difference) was lower in the NPDR group when compared to controls (30.6    6 vs. 36.7    5.3, P = 0.008). Conclusions: This study found a lower total @entity3 and a lower AV difference in the NPDR group, suggesting a reduced @entity2 uptake from the retina in @entity0 with relatively early @entity1 .

title: Retinal Blood Flow and Retinal Blood XXXX Saturation in Mild to Moderate @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and retinal blood @entity2 saturation ( @entity4 ) in mild to moderate nonproliferative @entity1 (NPDR) and in age-matched controls. Methods: One eye of each of 15 healthy subjects (68    6 years) and 13 subjects with mild to moderate NPDR (67    10 years) was dilated. None of the @entity0 with NPDR had received treatment for their retinopathic changes or had any evidence of sight-threatening characteristics. Doppler Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography blood flow was measured using the prototype RTVue system; six separate measurements each comprising an upper and a lower nasal pupil scan were acquired. Six hyperspectral retinal measurements were acquired using a noninvasive hyperspectral retinal camera (prototype H-8.5 HR Camera). Results: Total @entity3 was significantly lower in NPDR when compared to controls (42.7    7.5 vs. 33.0    9.2  L/min; P = 0.004). Mean retinal arterial and venular @entity4 were higher in NPDR than in controls (94.7    2.4% vs. 92.9    1.6%, P = 0.02; 62.5    5.7% vs. 56.3    4.7%, P = 0.003). This study showed a correlation between @entity3 and arteriolar @entity4 in both controls (r = 0.58, P = 0.02) and NPDR (r = 0.54, P = 0.05), but no correlation between venular @entity3 and venular @entity4 in controls (r = 0.24, P = 0.83) or in NPDR (r = 0.23, P = 0.45). The arteriovenous difference (AV difference) was lower in the NPDR group when compared to controls (30.6    6 vs. 36.7    5.3, P = 0.008). Conclusions: This study found a lower total @entity3 and a lower AV difference in the NPDR group, suggesting a reduced @entity2 uptake from the retina in @entity0 with relatively early @entity1 .

title: Retinal Blood Flow and Retinal Blood @entity2 Saturation in Mild to Moderate XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-term patency is required during treatment for benign airway @entity2 . This study investigated the effectiveness of surgical airway plasty for benign airway @entity2 . METHODS: Clinical courses of 20 @entity0 , who were treated with surgical plasty for their benign airway @entity2 , were retrospectively investigated. RESULTS: Causes of @entity2 were @entity1 in 12 @entity0 , post-intubation @entity2 in five @entity0 , malacia in two @entity0 , and others in one @entity0 . 28 interventional pulmonology procedures and 20 surgical plasty were performed. Five @entity0 with post-intubation @entity2 and four @entity0 with @entity1 were treated with tracheoplasty. Eight @entity0 with @entity1 were treated with bronchoplasty, and two @entity0 with malacia were treated with stabilization of the membranous portion. @entity2 was observed in four @entity0 , and one to four additional treatments were required. Performance status, Hugh-Jones classification, and ventilatory functions were improved after surgical plasty. Outcomes were fair in @entity0 with @entity1 and malacia. However, efficacy of surgical plasty for post-intubation @entity2 was not observed. CONCLUSION: Surgical airway plasty may be an acceptable treatment for @entity1 . @entity0 with malacia recover well after surgical plasty. There may be untreated @entity0 with malacia who have the potential to benefit from surgical plasty.

title: Efficacy of Surgical Airway Plasty for Benign Airway XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Connexins (C*s) are a family of transmembrane proteins that form hemichannels and gap junctions (GJs) on the cell membranes, and transfer small signaling molecules between the cytoplasm and extracellular space and between connecting cells, respectively. Among C*s, suppressing C*43 expression or function promotes skin wound closure and granulation tissue formation, and may alleviate scarring, but the mechanisms are not well understood. Oral @entity3 is characterized by faster wound closure and scarless wound healing outcome as compared to skin wounds. Therefore, we hypothesized that C*43 function is down regulated during @entity0 gingival wound healing, which in fibroblasts promotes expression of genes conducive for fast and scarless wound healing. Cultured gingival fibroblasts expressed C*43 as their major connexin. Immunostaining of unwounded @entity0 gingiva showed that C*43 was abundantly present in the epithelium, and in connective tissue formed large C*43 plaques in fibroblasts. At the early stages of wound healing, C*43 was strongly down regulated in wound epithelial cells and fibroblasts, returning to the level of normal tissue by day 60 post-wounding. Blocking of C*43 function by C*43 mimetic peptide Gap27 suppressed GJ-mediated dye transfer, promoted migration, and caused significant changes in the expression of wound healing-associated genes in gingival fibroblasts. In particular, out of 54 genes analyzed, several MMPs and @entity4 , involved in regulation of @entity2 and extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, and @entity1 , involved in angiogenesis, were significantly upregulated while pro-fibrotic ECM molecules, including Collagen type I, and cell contractility-related molecules were significantly down regulated. These responses involved MAPK, @entity7 /b and @entity4 signaling pathways, and @entity6 and @entity5 transcription factors. Thus, suppressed function of C*43 in fibroblasts promotes their migration, and regulates expression of wound healing-associated genes via @entity6 , @entity5 , MAPK, @entity7 /b and @entity4 signaling pathways, and may promote fast and scarless wound healing in @entity0 gingiva.

title: Expression and function of connexin 43 in XXXX gingival wound healing and fibroblasts.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is the intraluminal excision of @entity1 with the use of instrumentation to maintain a stable pneumorectum, enabling a magnified view of the @entity1 . Despite suggested benefits over traditional transanal excision, there is no consensus on which technique is superior. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study is to use meta-analytical techniques to compare transanal endoscopic microsurgery with transanal excision. DATA SOURCES: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library was performed. STUDY SELECTION: All studies comparing transanal endoscopic microsurgery with transanal excision were included. INTERVENTIONS: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery was compared with transanal excision by using random-effects methods to combine data. Data are presented as ORs with 95% CIs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcomes measured were @entity3 rate, negative microscopic margin rate, specimen fragmentation rate, and lesion recurrence. RESULTS: Six comparative series comparing outcomes following 927 local excisions were identified. There was no difference between techniques in @entity3 rate (OR, 1.018; 95% CI, 0.658-1.575; p = 0.937). Transanal endoscopic microsurgery had a higher rate of negative microscopic margins in comparison with transanal excision (OR, 5.281; 95% CI, 3.201-8.712; p < 0.001). Transanal endoscopic microsurgery had a reduced rate of specimen fragmentation (OR, 0.096; 95% CI, 0.044-0.209; p < 0.001) and lesion recurrence (OR, 0.248; 95% CI, 0.154-0.401; p < 0.001) compared with transanal excision. There was no across-study heterogeneity for any end point. LIMITATIONS: Most studies were retrospectively designed, and there were variations in @entity0 populations and duration of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Available data are limited because of a lack of randomized controlled trials. However, based on current evidence, transanal endoscopic microsurgery is oncologically superior to transanal excision for the excision of @entity2 .

title: Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery Versus Standard Transanal Excision for the XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: (1) To determine the incidence and severity of @entity3 on endoscopic evaluation in a pediatric population of @entity0 with recurrent croup. (2) To determine the incidence of abnormal findings on bronchoalveolar lavage and esophageal biopsy in a pediatric population with recurrent croup. METHODS: Case series with historical chart review of clinical data for pediatric @entity0 (age  <=18 years) at a tertiary care @entity0 's hospital who underwent endoscopic evaluation of the upper aerodigestive tract with a diagnosis of recurrent croup over a ten-year period (2002-2012). @entity3 was graded on Myer- @entity1 scale. Lipid-laden macrophages on bronchoalveolar lavage were noted as none/small/moderate/large with evidence of reflux noted as moderate or large. Esophageal biopsy specimens were evaluated for evidence of @entity2 . Data is expressed as mean  SEM. RESULTS: 1825 charts were reviewed of which 197 met inclusion criteria. Mean age at endoscopy was 53  3 months. @entity3 was noted in 41 @entity0 (20.8%) with 95.1% being mild or Grade I. Abnormal findings on bronchoalveolar lavage were noted on 9.5% of bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. Abnormal esophageal biopsies were noted on 19.9% of specimens. @entity2 was noted on 8.8% of biopsy specimens. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a risk factor for recurrent croup. Evidence suggestive of reflux may be noted on bronchoalveolar lavage or esophageal biopsy, but these findings may not correlate with @entity3 in recurrent croup @entity0 .

title: Objective endoscopic findings in XXXX with recurrent croup: 10-year retrospective analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study reviews the course of all @entity0 registered at the Saskatoon Cancer Clinic between 1949 and 1951, with histologically proven @entity4 . The data were abstracted, coded and analysed by life-table methods. Follow-up was complete to @entity3 or to 1982. There were 403 @entity0 (58.3% were @entity0 ). @entity2 accounted for 51% of the total, the sigmoid colon 22% and the cecum 10%. The primary @entity1 was resected by abdominoperineal resection, hemicolectomy or segmental colectomy in 63% of the @entity0 ; colostomy alone was performed in 21%. The overall survival was 31% at 5 years, 24% at 10 years, 15% at 20 years and 7% at 30 years from diagnosis. Many of the deaths in this relatively elderly group of @entity0 were due to causes other than the @entity1 . Considering @entity1 -related causes of @entity3 only in @entity0 with resectable lesions, the cumulative probability of survival at 5, 10, 20 and 30 years was 63% +/- 4%, 54% +/- 4%, 48% +/- 4% and 47% +/- 6%, respectively (probability +/- 1 standard error), for those without @entity5 , and 14% +/- 3%, 12% +/- 2%, 10% +/- 2% and 9% +/- 3%, respectively, for those with involved nodes. Death from the @entity1 was rare after 10 years while deaths from competing causes continued to occur, at a near constant rate, for 30 years. The data suggest that the @entity1 was eradicated in one third of all @entity0 , and in one half of @entity0 in subgroups with no @entity5 or with shallow primary lesions.

title: XXXX and rectum: 30-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Abnormal serum @entity3 levels are associated with adverse cardiovascular effects. Therapy of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may result in urinary @entity3 excretion and @entity3 apposition to bones, and consequently, in calcemia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of abnormal @entity3 levels in the blood of @entity0 receiving maximized @entity4 therapy, to explore clinical and laboratory determinants of abnormal serum @entity3 levels, and to analyze the relation of abnormal @entity3 levels to prognosis. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study included 722 @entity0 with @entity4 classified as New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III-IV at baseline (age 53   10 years, 13% of @entity0 ), who underwent @entity4 therapy optimization to maximum tolerated doses. RESULTS: After therapy maximization, the NYHA class improved in 66.7% of the @entity0 , while it did not change in 31.0% and worsened in 2.4%. @entity7 occurred in 166 @entity0 (22.9%) and was more prevalent in @entity0 in whom the NYHA class improved. @entity5 was diagnosed in 63 @entity0 (8.7%) and was more common in @entity0 with no functional improvement or worsening of the NYHA class. This effect was independent of age, sex, etiology of @entity4 , body mass index, kidney function, or the use of @entity8 . @entity5 was associated with increased catabolism, hemodynamic compromise, more @entity2 , and lower bone mineral density. Lower albumin and higher @entity6 levels, were significant predictors of @entity5 , @entity1 . @entity7 was associated with reduced catabolism, higher albumin and lower @entity6 levels, use of @entity8 , and smoking history. Neither @entity7 nor @entity5 was associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that abnormal serum @entity3 levels are associated with a clinical response to treatment maximization in @entity0 with @entity4 . Mild @entity7 after maximization of therapy is not associated with poorer prognosis. @entity5 is associated with lack of response to treatment, and its prognostic value remains unclear.

title: Abnormal serum @entity3 levels are associated with clinical response to maximization of XXXX therapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Abnormal serum @entity3 levels are associated with adverse cardiovascular effects. Therapy of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may result in urinary @entity3 excretion and @entity3 apposition to bones, and consequently, in calcemia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of abnormal @entity3 levels in the blood of @entity0 receiving maximized @entity4 therapy, to explore clinical and laboratory determinants of abnormal serum @entity3 levels, and to analyze the relation of abnormal @entity3 levels to prognosis. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study included 722 @entity0 with @entity4 classified as New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III-IV at baseline (age 53   10 years, 13% of @entity0 ), who underwent @entity4 therapy optimization to maximum tolerated doses. RESULTS: After therapy maximization, the NYHA class improved in 66.7% of the @entity0 , while it did not change in 31.0% and worsened in 2.4%. @entity7 occurred in 166 @entity0 (22.9%) and was more prevalent in @entity0 in whom the NYHA class improved. @entity5 was diagnosed in 63 @entity0 (8.7%) and was more common in @entity0 with no functional improvement or worsening of the NYHA class. This effect was independent of age, sex, etiology of @entity4 , body mass index, kidney function, or the use of @entity8 . @entity5 was associated with increased catabolism, hemodynamic compromise, more @entity2 , and lower bone mineral density. Lower albumin and higher @entity6 levels, were significant predictors of @entity5 , @entity1 . @entity7 was associated with reduced catabolism, higher albumin and lower @entity6 levels, use of @entity8 , and smoking history. Neither @entity7 nor @entity5 was associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that abnormal serum @entity3 levels are associated with a clinical response to treatment maximization in @entity0 with @entity4 . Mild @entity7 after maximization of therapy is not associated with poorer prognosis. @entity5 is associated with lack of response to treatment, and its prognostic value remains unclear.

title: Abnormal serum XXXX levels are associated with clinical response to maximization of @entity4 therapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To improve the management of hypersexuality caused by antiparkinsonian treatment and its psychopathological implications in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). If hypersexuality is a classic form of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) observed in @entity3 , its rate is certainly underestimated. METHODS: We have proposed to meet @entity0 with @entity3 , referred by the neurology department of Lille University Hospital, for detection or suspicion of hypersexuality, in the presence of their spouse. The session consisted of an interview conducted by our psychiatry team. This evaluation was conducted between January 1  and August 31, 2011. Nine @entity0 were referred to our service, 7  agreed to meet us, 6  of them with their spouse. RESULTS: An interview in the presence of the spouse has improved hypersexuality screening and information given to the @entity0 and his close contacts regarding the side effects of treatment, and particularly the occurrence of hypersexuality. It also highlighted the various expressions of these behavioral changes, often minimized by @entity0 , as spouses had great difficulty dealing with this. It helped them to improve verbal communication and, therefore, to be more informative concerning sexual behavior changes in connection with the treatment and its management. Finally, it has enabled improved support for secondary consequences of this @entity1 , such as guilt, jealousy or shame. Our interest has also focused on the impact of this hypersexuality on @entity0 ' families. Among the six sets partners, four had symptoms requiring specific psychiatric care: depression, suicidal intention or @entity4 . PERSPECTIVE: Hypersexuality seems underestimated in patients receiving antiparkinsonian treatment. This underestimation is probably linked to some defense mechanisms such as denial or minimization, but also to the feelings generated by these @entity2 , such as shame or guilt. On the other hand, some @entity0 do not experience stress related behavioral changes (even though the family may complain). Systematic partner interview could be a solution to improving this screening.

title: [Hypersexuality in XXXX . Advantage of the presence of the entourage for medical assessment.]

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effects of chronic (2 weeks) @entity6 on the production of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) @entity1 and on VLDL particle size were examined. @entity6 was induced by a constant sc infusion of 6 U porcine insulin/day from an osmotic minipump. To avoid profound @entity7 , these @entity0 received chow plus 10% @entity4 in their drinking water. Therefore, two control groups were examined; one receiving chow plus the same amount of @entity4 (high @entity5 control) and the other receiving chow only (chow control). The constant infusion model was compared to a previously reported model of @entity6 . In that model, NPH insulin was injected for 2 weeks twice daily in incrementally increasing doses (final dose, 6 U/day) into @entity0 that were also fed chow and given 10% @entity4 drinking water. Results with the injection model were similar to those previously reported: an increase in @entity1 production in face of a decrease in FFA, a minimal decrease in serum @entity1 , and some decrease in serum @entity2 . The infusion model produced the same increase in @entity1 production and decrease in @entity3 concentration. However, it differed in producing an increase in serum @entity1 and no change in serum @entity2 . The former suggested that in the infusion model @entity1 removal was not stimulated as much as in the injection model. Since there was no @entity7 in the infusion model, it was unlikely that VLDL changes were caused by an increase in counter regulatory hormones. VLDL particle size was increased in the high @entity5 controls. This indicated that changes in @entity4 supplementation led to the production of more @entity1 -filled VLDL particles. @entity6 was not accompanied by any further increase in particle size. Thus, the @entity6 -induced increase in VLDL- @entity1 production was accompanied by an equivalent increase in VLDL particle production.

title: Changes in very low density lipoprotein particle size and production in response to @entity4 feeding and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The effects of chronic (2 weeks) @entity6 on the production of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) @entity1 and on VLDL particle size were examined. @entity6 was induced by a constant sc infusion of 6 U porcine insulin/day from an osmotic minipump. To avoid profound @entity7 , these @entity0 received chow plus 10% @entity4 in their drinking water. Therefore, two control groups were examined; one receiving chow plus the same amount of @entity4 (high @entity5 control) and the other receiving chow only (chow control). The constant infusion model was compared to a previously reported model of @entity6 . In that model, NPH insulin was injected for 2 weeks twice daily in incrementally increasing doses (final dose, 6 U/day) into @entity0 that were also fed chow and given 10% @entity4 drinking water. Results with the injection model were similar to those previously reported: an increase in @entity1 production in face of a decrease in FFA, a minimal decrease in serum @entity1 , and some decrease in serum @entity2 . The infusion model produced the same increase in @entity1 production and decrease in @entity3 concentration. However, it differed in producing an increase in serum @entity1 and no change in serum @entity2 . The former suggested that in the infusion model @entity1 removal was not stimulated as much as in the injection model. Since there was no @entity7 in the infusion model, it was unlikely that VLDL changes were caused by an increase in counter regulatory hormones. VLDL particle size was increased in the high @entity5 controls. This indicated that changes in @entity4 supplementation led to the production of more @entity1 -filled VLDL particles. @entity6 was not accompanied by any further increase in particle size. Thus, the @entity6 -induced increase in VLDL- @entity1 production was accompanied by an equivalent increase in VLDL particle production.

title: Changes in very low density lipoprotein particle size and production in response to XXXX feeding and @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The follow up study on @entity5 was carried out over a 20 year period by the questionaire method. Two hundreds and seventy-nine @entity0 were analyzed and the following results were obtained. 1) Sixteen cases (5.5%) died, 20 cases (6.8%) showed deterioration, 155 cases (53.1%) were unchanged, 35 cases (12.0%) were improved, 12 cases (4.1%) were announced that their @entity2 disappeared and 22 cases (7.2%) underwent cardiac surgery. The more severe the findings at the final examination under our program, the poorer the courses. 2) The cases having a severe status index showed a tendency for poor prognoses. Mitral steno-regurgitation revealed the poorest prognoses. 3) 84.3 per cent of the living cases were found to be leading normal daily lives without any restriction. 4) The average @entity1 rate was 1.0% per year during the 20 years between 1958 and 1978. The @entity1 rate for age group between 9 and 17 years old was the highest (1.34% per year). 5) The leading cause of @entity1 in every group including all the cases under our program was a recurrence of @entity4 . However in groups older than 18 years of age chronic @entity3 and unsuccessful cardiac surgery were leading causes.

title: Follow up study of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Overcoming resistance to chemotherapy is an important goal in @entity1 treatment. In many systems, resistance to @entity8 and @entity10 correlates with a diminished intracellular content of drug. In @entity11 and @entity9 , an active outward transport of @entity8 and vinca alkaloids occurs. @entity3 channel blockers, such as @entity5 , inhibit this active outward transport and increase intracellular content of @entity7 and @entity8 in cells resistant to vinca alkaloids and @entity8 , respectively. We report a phase I trial of @entity7 (1.5 mg/m2 daily as iv continuous infusion X 5 days) in 17 @entity0 and concurrent @entity5 in escalating doses. @entity5 was administered as a loading dose (0.02-0.1 mg/kg) followed by a maintenance infusion (0.036-0.18 mg/kg/hour) for 5 1/2 days with continuous cardiac monitoring. There was no apparent augmentation of @entity7 @entity2 when @entity7 and @entity5 were given concurrently. ECG change was the dose-limiting @entity2 . At 0.12 mg/kg/hour, five of nine @entity0 developed first-degree @entity4 (mean P-R interval, 0.32 seconds; range, 0.23-0.52 seconds). Junctional rhythms were noted in two of 17 @entity0 . Reversible nonspecific T-wave changes were seen in four of 17 @entity0 . Blood pressure and left ventricular ejection fractions (ultrasonic) were not altered. Five of 17 @entity0 had wbc count nadirs less than 2000/mm3, and two of 17 @entity0 had platelet count nadirs less than 100,000/mm3. Four @entity0 experienced @entity6 . A mean @entity7 concentration of 2.2 ng/ml (0.55 nM) and a mean @entity5 concentration of 290 ng/ml (0.45 microM) were achieved with the concurrent 5-day infusion. The tolerable levels of @entity5 obtained appear to be less than those which were reported to inhibit @entity7 efflux in vitro. Additional in vitro experiments at the tolerable doses of @entity7 and @entity5 are recommended.

title: Phase I study of @entity7 and XXXX given by concurrent iv infusion.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Overcoming resistance to chemotherapy is an important goal in @entity1 treatment. In many systems, resistance to @entity8 and @entity10 correlates with a diminished intracellular content of drug. In @entity11 and @entity9 , an active outward transport of @entity8 and vinca alkaloids occurs. @entity3 channel blockers, such as @entity5 , inhibit this active outward transport and increase intracellular content of @entity7 and @entity8 in cells resistant to vinca alkaloids and @entity8 , respectively. We report a phase I trial of @entity7 (1.5 mg/m2 daily as iv continuous infusion X 5 days) in 17 @entity0 and concurrent @entity5 in escalating doses. @entity5 was administered as a loading dose (0.02-0.1 mg/kg) followed by a maintenance infusion (0.036-0.18 mg/kg/hour) for 5 1/2 days with continuous cardiac monitoring. There was no apparent augmentation of @entity7 @entity2 when @entity7 and @entity5 were given concurrently. ECG change was the dose-limiting @entity2 . At 0.12 mg/kg/hour, five of nine @entity0 developed first-degree @entity4 (mean P-R interval, 0.32 seconds; range, 0.23-0.52 seconds). Junctional rhythms were noted in two of 17 @entity0 . Reversible nonspecific T-wave changes were seen in four of 17 @entity0 . Blood pressure and left ventricular ejection fractions (ultrasonic) were not altered. Five of 17 @entity0 had wbc count nadirs less than 2000/mm3, and two of 17 @entity0 had platelet count nadirs less than 100,000/mm3. Four @entity0 experienced @entity6 . A mean @entity7 concentration of 2.2 ng/ml (0.55 nM) and a mean @entity5 concentration of 290 ng/ml (0.45 microM) were achieved with the concurrent 5-day infusion. The tolerable levels of @entity5 obtained appear to be less than those which were reported to inhibit @entity7 efflux in vitro. Additional in vitro experiments at the tolerable doses of @entity7 and @entity5 are recommended.

title: Phase I study of XXXX and @entity5 given by concurrent iv infusion.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT @entity2 is the most common @entity1 of the spine and is the most common primary @entity3 . Although spinal @entity2 is classically a radiosensitive lesion, clinical or radiographic signs of instability merit surgical intervention. The authors present the epidemiology, surgical indications, and outcome data of a series of consecutive cases involving 31 surgically treated @entity0 with diagnoses of @entity2 and @entity4 of the spine (the largest such series reported to date). METHODS Surgical instability was the criterion for operative intervention in this @entity0 cohort. The Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) was used to make this assessment of instability. The cases were analyzed using location of the lesion, spinal levels involved, Frankel score, adjuvant therapy, functional outcome, and @entity0 survival. RESULTS All @entity0 undergoing surgical intervention were determined to have indeterminate or gross spinal column instability according to SINS criteria. The median survival was 78.9 months. No significant difference in survival was seen for @entity0 with higher SINS scores or for older @entity0 (> 55 years). There was a statistically significant difference in survival benefit observed for @entity0 receiving chemotherapy and radiation versus radiation alone as an adjuvant to surgery (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS In this 10-year analysis, the authors report outcomes of surgical intervention for @entity0 with indeterminate or gross spinal instability due to @entity2 and @entity4 of the spine with improved neurological function following surgery and low rates of instrumentation failure.

title: Outcomes following surgical intervention for impending and gross instability caused by XXXX in the spinal column.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION:: @entity1 of the trapeziometacarpal joint, also known as the thumb carpometacarpal joint, is one of the most common anatomic sites of @entity2 in the @entity0 body. Many surgical techniques to address this problem have been developed; including, trapeziectomy with or without ligament reconstruction tendon interposition, implant arthroplasty, and arthrodesis. No methods have yet proven superior to the others, and each has associated limitations and complications. The primary complication found in the literature after arthrodesis of the trapeziometacarpal joint is nonunion; with a reported incidence in the literature as 13% (8% to 39%). METHODS:: In 2010, a new surgical technique for this procedure was published by Wolff and Duerinckx in Techniques in Hand Surgery. In summary, a V-shaped osteotomy is made at the base of the first metacarpal and, together with a matching osteotomy of the trapezium, creates a more stable fusion site. Our current research looks at a minimum of 2-year follow-up of @entity0 treated with this technique between 2004 and 2012. RESULTS:: Twenty-one @entity0 , including 3 who had bilateral procedures, have participated in the study. The average age is 62.6 years (range, 51 to 76 y) with an average follow-up of 4.6 years (range, 2 to 8 y). Sixteen are female and 5 are male, with a variety of occupations. In these @entity0 , the Quick DASH score improved 51% (49.8 to 24.2; P=0.0006), and the Quick DASH Work score improved 56% (52.8 to 23.2; P=0.0035). Nineteen of 21 @entity0 said that they wound have the procedure again. Range of motion and strength of the operated versus nonoperated thumbs were compared and showed very similar capabilities. Seventy-five percent (18 of 24) were able to lay their hand flat. There were 4 fibrous unions, resulting in an 83% complete fusion rate. There were no infections or reoperations for nonunion. CONCLUSION:: The data suggest that this procedure is a highly successful, pain-relieving, strength-preserving, reproducible arthrodesis with a nonunion rate similar to that of the published literature.

title: The Follow-up of Trapeziometacarpal Arthrodesis Using V-shaped Osteotomy for XXXX of The First Carpometacarpal Joint.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Education and training can improve the quality of health care. We evaluated a course taught by Obstetrics/Gynaecology residents on the work environment and maternal/neonatal outcomes at Orotta Maternity Hospital. @entity0 were given a Standardised Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) to measure work environment before and after training. Maternal/neonatal outcomes were extracted from hospital logbooks. Neonatal quality indicators were: adverse score index, weighted score index and severity score index. SAQ response rate was 77.6% (45/58) pre-training and 95.6% (43/45) post-training. Mean total SAQ score increased from 3.07 to 3.32 out of 5 points (p < 0.05). Changes in relative risk (RR) were not statistically significant for maternal [maternal death ratio of RR (RRR) =1.08, 95% CI: 0.20-5.84 and blood transfusion RRR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.74 -1.09] or neonatal outcomes (intrapartum death @entity2 .24, 95% CI: 0.57-2.75, @entity1 RRR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.26-3.24, neonatal transfer @entity2 .02, 95% CI: 0.81-1.27, and Apgar < 7 at 5 minutes @entity2 .20, 95% CI: 0.83-1.73). Neonatal quality indicators did not change significantly. Utilising residents to teach staff-developed training within a hospital setting was feasible and may improve the work environment. Impact on maternal/neonatal outcomes is not evident but continued follow-up is important.

title: Continuing professional education in Eritrea taught by local obstetrics and gynaecology residents: Effects on work environment and XXXX outcomes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) anatomy pose challenges when endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is required. Deep enteroscopy-assisted ERCP can allow pancreaticobiliary intervention in these @entity0 , but with limited success. This case series describes @entity1 ( @entity1 ) for @entity0 following RYGB. METHODS: @entity0 with RYGB anatomy undergoing @entity1 at a tertiary care center were included in this prospective single-arm feasibility study. All procedures were performed in two stages. First a 16-Fr percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was placed in the excluded stomach using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance. Second, ERCP was performed through the newly fashioned gastrostomy and a transcutaneous fully covered metal esophageal stent. RESULTS: Six @entity0 (5 @entity0 , 1 @entity0 ) with RYGB anatomy underwent @entity1 . EUS-guided PEG placement was successful in all six @entity0 (100%). Antegrade ERCP was successful in all six @entity0 (100%) with the stages being separated by a mean of 5.8 days. The mean procedure times for the two stages were 81 minutes and 98 minutes. Two @entity0 (33%) had localized PEG site infections that were managed with oral antibiotics. There were no adverse events related to ERCP. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 is both feasible and safe to perform in RYGB @entity0 . Given the high success rates of our recent experience, we suspect that this technique can be performed as a one-stage procedure to provide a cost-effective, minimally invasive option for a common problem in a growing @entity0 population.

title: Endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric ERCP ( XXXX ) for Roux-en-Y anatomy: a novel technique.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) was administered to five @entity0 with @entity2 (one case of @entity4 , two of @entity5 of unknown primary, two of metastatic @entity1 ). Under fluoroscopic guidance, percutaneous hepatic venous catheters were placed in five @entity0 and percutaneous hepatic arterial catheters in four. A fifth @entity0 's hepatic arterial catheter was implanted at laparotomy. Hepatic plasma flow was estimated by the Fick principle using peripheral vein @entity8 infusion. On the first day of treatment, @entity0 received a 2- or 4 h hepatic arterial infusion of @entity9 (130 mg/m2); peripheral venous, hepatic arterial, and hepatic venous timed blood samples were drawn during and for 18 h after drug infusion. On the second day of treatment, 2- or 4 h peripheral vein infusion of @entity9 (130 mg/m2) was followed by the same blood sampling schedule. @entity0 were followed weekly for @entity3 . Four @entity0 received only one course of treatment, while a fifth received two courses. All @entity0 experienced @entity7 (median nadir 2400/mm3; range 1400-2700/mm3). Two @entity0 developed @entity6 after drug infusion. No antitumor responses were observed. Plasma @entity9 concentrations were measured by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic analyses are reported for four @entity0 . The hepatic extraction ratio ranged from 15% to 49%, hepatic plasma clearances were 0.029-0.353 1/min/m2; peripheral vein areas under the concentration-time curve during hepatic arterial infusion ranged from 35% to 50% of peripheral vein areas under the curve during peripheral vein infusion. We conclude that hepatic arterial @entity9 infusion offers only modest pharmacokinetic advantage to the target organ or to the systemic circulation over peripheral vein infusion.

title: A phase I and pharmacokinetic comparison of hepatic arterial and peripheral vein infusions of XXXX for @entity2 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) was administered to five @entity0 with @entity2 (one case of @entity4 , two of @entity5 of unknown primary, two of metastatic @entity1 ). Under fluoroscopic guidance, percutaneous hepatic venous catheters were placed in five @entity0 and percutaneous hepatic arterial catheters in four. A fifth @entity0 's hepatic arterial catheter was implanted at laparotomy. Hepatic plasma flow was estimated by the Fick principle using peripheral vein @entity8 infusion. On the first day of treatment, @entity0 received a 2- or 4 h hepatic arterial infusion of @entity9 (130 mg/m2); peripheral venous, hepatic arterial, and hepatic venous timed blood samples were drawn during and for 18 h after drug infusion. On the second day of treatment, 2- or 4 h peripheral vein infusion of @entity9 (130 mg/m2) was followed by the same blood sampling schedule. @entity0 were followed weekly for @entity3 . Four @entity0 received only one course of treatment, while a fifth received two courses. All @entity0 experienced @entity7 (median nadir 2400/mm3; range 1400-2700/mm3). Two @entity0 developed @entity6 after drug infusion. No antitumor responses were observed. Plasma @entity9 concentrations were measured by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic analyses are reported for four @entity0 . The hepatic extraction ratio ranged from 15% to 49%, hepatic plasma clearances were 0.029-0.353 1/min/m2; peripheral vein areas under the concentration-time curve during hepatic arterial infusion ranged from 35% to 50% of peripheral vein areas under the curve during peripheral vein infusion. We conclude that hepatic arterial @entity9 infusion offers only modest pharmacokinetic advantage to the target organ or to the systemic circulation over peripheral vein infusion.

title: A phase I and pharmacokinetic comparison of hepatic arterial and peripheral vein infusions of @entity9 for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 is an @entity1 characterized by @entity4 , @entity3 and, in some cases, @entity2 . The disorder is clinically and genetically heterogeneous and, to date, mutations in 11 genes have been described. This finding makes difficult to get a precise molecular diagnosis and offer @entity0 accurate genetic counselling. To overcome this problem and to increase our knowledge of the molecular basis of @entity6 , we designed a targeted resequencing custom panel. In a first validation step a series of 16 Italian @entity0 with known molecular diagnosis were analysed and 31 out of 32 alleles were detected (97% of accuracy). After this step, 31 @entity0 without a molecular diagnosis were enrolled in the study. Three out of them with an uncertain Usher diagnosis were excluded. One causative allele was detected in 24 out 28 @entity0 (86%) while the presence of both causative alleles characterized 19 @entity0 out 28 (68%). Sixteen novel and 27 known alleles were found in the following genes: @entity8 (50%), @entity9 (7%), @entity10 (11%), @entity7 (7%) and @entity5 (2%). Overall, on the 44 @entity0 the protocol was able to characterize 74 alleles out of 88 (84%). These results suggest that our panel is an effective approach for the genetic diagnosis of @entity6 leading to: 1) an accurate molecular diagnosis, 2) better genetic counselling, 3) more precise molecular epidemiology data fundamental for future interventional plans.

title: XXXX : An effective sequencing approach to establish a genetic and clinical diagnosis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Resources for research are insufficient to cover all unanswered questions, and therefore difficult choices about allocation must be made. Recently there has been a move toward more @entity0 -centered research. This study aims to evaluate approaches to research prioritization in @entity1 and describe research priorities of @entity0 with @entity1 , their caregivers, the health care providers involved in their care, and policy makers. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. SETTING _ POPULATION: Studies that elicited @entity0 , caregiver, health care provider, or policy maker priorities for research in @entity1 were included. SEARCH STRATEGY _ SOURCES: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched to May 2014. ANALYTICAL APPROACH: Descriptive synthesis. RESULTS: We identified 16 studies (n=2,365 @entity0 ) conducted in the United States, the Netherlands, Australia, Canada, and internationally. Only 4 (25%) studies explicitly involved @entity0 . Various priority-setting methods were used, including the Delphi technique, expert panels, consensus conference, ranking or voting surveys, focus groups, and interviews, of which the process was described in detail by 11 (69%) studies. The priority areas for research most frequently identified across studies were prevention of @entity3 , prevention of @entity2 progression, fluid and diet restrictions, improving vascular access, kidney transplant survival, access to transplantation, @entity0 education, and @entity2 . LIMITATIONS: Most studies were conducted in high-income countries. CONCLUSIONS: The priorities identified by @entity1 research priority-setting exercises are broad ranging, but @entity0 involvement is uncommon and the processes often are incompletely described. Establishing research priorities using a prespecified and transparent process that engages @entity0 , caregivers, and health care providers is needed to ensure that resources are invested to answer questions that address the shared priorities in @entity1 .

title: Research priority setting in XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aging is associated with conduit artery stiffening that is a risk factor for and can precede @entity3 and @entity2 . Increases in mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) frequency have been correlated with aging. @entity0 with a mutation in the encoding domain ( @entity7 ) of a proof-reading deficient version of mtDNA polymerase-y ( @entity8 ) have musculoskeletal features of @entity6 and a shortened lifespan. However, few studies using these @entity0 have investigated the effects of mtDNA mutations on cardiovascular function. We hypothesized that the proof-reading deficient mtDNA @entity8 leads to arterial stiffening, @entity3 , and @entity4 . Ten to twelve month-old @entity7 @entity0 (n=13) and age- and sex-matched wild-type controls (n=13) were catheterized for hemodynamic and ventricular function measurements. Left common carotid arteries (LCCA) were harvested for mechanical tests followed by histology. Male @entity7 @entity0 had pulmonary and systemic @entity3 , arterial stiffening, larger LCCA diameter (701  45 vs. 597  60 m), shorter LCCA axial length (8.96  0.56 vs. 10.10  0.80mm), and reduced hematocrit (29.1  6.1 vs. 41.3  8.1; all p<0.05). Male and female @entity7 @entity0 had @entity5 (p<0.05). Female @entity7 @entity0 did not have significant increases in pressure or arterial stiffening, suggesting that the mechanisms of @entity3 or arterial stiffening from mtDNA mutations differ based on sex. Our results lend insight into the mechanisms of age-related @entity1 and may point to novel treatment strategies to address cardiovascular mortality in the elderly.

title: Mitochondria DNA mutations cause sex-dependent development of XXXX and alterations in cardiovascular function.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity2 screening programs, performing appropriate further work-up is essential. In order to elucidate whether the further work-up for the subjects with positive screening results by sputum cytology was performed appropriately, the present study was conducted as the first large-scale thorough survey in Japan. METHODS: All of the @entity1 screening records from 2007 to 2012 in Ishikawa Prefecture were reviewed. Additional investigations about the further work-up were performed. RESULTS: In total, 2 234 984 @entity0 were invited to undergo @entity1 screening, and 494 424 @entity0 participated in the screening. Of these, 25 264 @entity0 underwent sputum cytology, and 68 positive cases were identified. Three of these 68 cases did not undergo further work-up, and another three cases had already been diagnosed to have @entity1 . Forty-five of the remaining 62 cases did not have suspicious chest shadows, and bronchoscopic examinations were performed in 36 cases. Seventeen of these 36 cases were diagnosed as having @entity2 , whereas none of the nine cases who did not receive the examination was diagnosed (P = 0.038). A bronchoscopic examination was not performed due to other medical conditions in three cases, due to the @entity0 's refusal in another three cases and in the remaining three cases, the reasons were unknown. CONCLUSION: The participation rate for further work-up was very high. However, there are some issues to be resolved regarding the transmission of information. With our new registered hospital system, the quality assurance of our screening program will be improved.

title: A survey about further work-up for cases with positive sputum cytology during @entity1 mass screening in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan: a retrospective analysis about quality assurance of XXXX screening.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity2 screening programs, performing appropriate further work-up is essential. In order to elucidate whether the further work-up for the subjects with positive screening results by sputum cytology was performed appropriately, the present study was conducted as the first large-scale thorough survey in Japan. METHODS: All of the @entity1 screening records from 2007 to 2012 in Ishikawa Prefecture were reviewed. Additional investigations about the further work-up were performed. RESULTS: In total, 2 234 984 @entity0 were invited to undergo @entity1 screening, and 494 424 @entity0 participated in the screening. Of these, 25 264 @entity0 underwent sputum cytology, and 68 positive cases were identified. Three of these 68 cases did not undergo further work-up, and another three cases had already been diagnosed to have @entity1 . Forty-five of the remaining 62 cases did not have suspicious chest shadows, and bronchoscopic examinations were performed in 36 cases. Seventeen of these 36 cases were diagnosed as having @entity2 , whereas none of the nine cases who did not receive the examination was diagnosed (P = 0.038). A bronchoscopic examination was not performed due to other medical conditions in three cases, due to the @entity0 's refusal in another three cases and in the remaining three cases, the reasons were unknown. CONCLUSION: The participation rate for further work-up was very high. However, there are some issues to be resolved regarding the transmission of information. With our new registered hospital system, the quality assurance of our screening program will be improved.

title: A survey about further work-up for cases with positive sputum cytology during XXXX mass screening in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan: a retrospective analysis about quality assurance of @entity1 screening.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In a large herd 427 @entity0 were examined for reproductive condition 26 to 34 days after calving. @entity1 profiles were obtained from a total of over 5000 milk samples which were taken twice weekly for 4 weeks, starting at the time of examination, and again 21, 23, and 25 days later. Researchers lived on the farm during the experiment to sample @entity0 and record all data. Electronic probe measurements of cervical-vaginal mucus also were obtained. All @entity0 were inseminated artificially with frozen semen from one organization. Eleven percent of the @entity0 were not inseminated in the estrual phase as determined by substantial concentrations of @entity1 in milk (MP), and 2% were pregnant and aborted following insemination. The MP 23 to 25 days after insemination essentially was 100% accurate in predicting nonpregnancy and was preferable to day 21. When used in conjunction with MP on the day of insemination pregnancy prediction 23 to 25 days after insemination was 84% accurate. Non-return rate 60 days after insemination was 7% higher than palpated pregnancy rate. The use of electronic probes under large herd conditions was labor intensive and did not give repeatably distinctive values at estrus.

title: The use of milk XXXX and electronic vaginal probes as aids in large dairy herd reproductive management.

answer: @entity1