abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate re-innervation in the neovaginal mucosa of @entity0 underwent sigmoid colon vaginoplasty in treatment of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kistner-Hauser Syndrome (MRKHS). METHODS: Biopsies in the upper third of the posterior neovagina were taken in 20 @entity0 treated by sigmoid colon vaginoplasty at 1, 2 and 3 years after surgery, respectively. @entity3 ( @entity3 ), vasoactive intestinal peptide ( @entity2 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were detected by immunohistochemical method and compared with those in intact sigmoid colon mucosa. RESULTS: (1) Density of nerve fiber: abundant distribution of @entity3 nerve fibers were observed in the mucosal @entity1 , submucosa, and smooth @entity1 of the neovagina. The nerve fibers of @entity2 and @entity4 immunoreactivity were mainly distributed around blood vessels and in the smooth muscles. In the neovagina, the density of nerve fibers of @entity3 of 17    6 were much more than @entity2 of 2.9    1.0 and @entity4 of 2.5    0.8 significantly (P < 0.05). (2) Expression of @entity3 in neovagina: at 1 year after surgery, @entity3 positive expression of 14    4 was significantly lower in the neovagina than 28    7 in the intact sigmoid colon (P < 0.05). However, after 2 to 3 years, its expression displayed an upgrade tendency in the neovagina and was significantly higher at the 3 year postoperatively than that at the 1 years postoperatively (22    7 vs. 14    4, P < 0.05). The changes were much more obvious in submucosa. (3) The expression of @entity2 and @entity4 in neovagina: at 1 year after surgery, @entity2 and @entity4 positive nerve fibers were also decreased in the neovagina when compared with those in the intact sigmoid colon (2.3    0.7 vs. 5.3    1.4, P < 0.05; 2.5    1.1 vs. 5.5    1.1, P < 0.05). At 2 to 3 years after surgery, the positive @entity2 fiber showed initially decreased and subsequently increased tendency. The density of @entity2 of 3.7    0.7 in the neovagina at 3 years postoperatively was higher than 2.3    0.7 at 1 years postoperatively (P < 0.05). No significant up-regulation was observed in @entity4 -positive expression in the neovagina within 3 years after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Distribution of sensory @entity3 , @entity2 and @entity4 immunoreactive nerve fibers was similar to the pattern observed within the intact sigmoid colon wall. The number of nerve fibers in the neovagina decreased after surgery and then increased subsequently within 3 years after surgery.

title: [Expression of @entity3 , vasoactive intestinal peptide and XXXX in the mucosa of the neovagina after sigmoid colon vaginoplasty].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate re-innervation in the neovaginal mucosa of @entity0 underwent sigmoid colon vaginoplasty in treatment of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kistner-Hauser Syndrome (MRKHS). METHODS: Biopsies in the upper third of the posterior neovagina were taken in 20 @entity0 treated by sigmoid colon vaginoplasty at 1, 2 and 3 years after surgery, respectively. @entity3 ( @entity3 ), vasoactive intestinal peptide ( @entity2 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were detected by immunohistochemical method and compared with those in intact sigmoid colon mucosa. RESULTS: (1) Density of nerve fiber: abundant distribution of @entity3 nerve fibers were observed in the mucosal @entity1 , submucosa, and smooth @entity1 of the neovagina. The nerve fibers of @entity2 and @entity4 immunoreactivity were mainly distributed around blood vessels and in the smooth muscles. In the neovagina, the density of nerve fibers of @entity3 of 17    6 were much more than @entity2 of 2.9    1.0 and @entity4 of 2.5    0.8 significantly (P < 0.05). (2) Expression of @entity3 in neovagina: at 1 year after surgery, @entity3 positive expression of 14    4 was significantly lower in the neovagina than 28    7 in the intact sigmoid colon (P < 0.05). However, after 2 to 3 years, its expression displayed an upgrade tendency in the neovagina and was significantly higher at the 3 year postoperatively than that at the 1 years postoperatively (22    7 vs. 14    4, P < 0.05). The changes were much more obvious in submucosa. (3) The expression of @entity2 and @entity4 in neovagina: at 1 year after surgery, @entity2 and @entity4 positive nerve fibers were also decreased in the neovagina when compared with those in the intact sigmoid colon (2.3    0.7 vs. 5.3    1.4, P < 0.05; 2.5    1.1 vs. 5.5    1.1, P < 0.05). At 2 to 3 years after surgery, the positive @entity2 fiber showed initially decreased and subsequently increased tendency. The density of @entity2 of 3.7    0.7 in the neovagina at 3 years postoperatively was higher than 2.3    0.7 at 1 years postoperatively (P < 0.05). No significant up-regulation was observed in @entity4 -positive expression in the neovagina within 3 years after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Distribution of sensory @entity3 , @entity2 and @entity4 immunoreactive nerve fibers was similar to the pattern observed within the intact sigmoid colon wall. The number of nerve fibers in the neovagina decreased after surgery and then increased subsequently within 3 years after surgery.

title: [Expression of XXXX , vasoactive intestinal peptide and @entity4 in the mucosa of the neovagina after sigmoid colon vaginoplasty].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the mutations in the trabecular meshwork induced-glucocorticoid response protein gene ( @entity3 / @entity3 ) in Chinese @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: It was a case-control study. One hundred and eighteen Chinese @entity0 with @entity2 and 150 control subjects without @entity2 were screened for coding sequence of the @entity3 gene by polymerase chain reaction, single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequence. Restriction endonuclease analysis was used to detect the SSCP in 150 gender- and aged-matched controls. Statistical significance of the difference in frequencies of @entity3 mutations between @entity2 @entity0 and the controls was determined by the chi-squared test. RESULTS: Three coding sequence variants that lead to @entity1 changes were identified in @entity3 gene. One mutation of @entity3 gene was novel, @entity5 , which was present in one @entity0 with @entity2 and 3 control subjects. @entity4 and @entity6 have been reported previously. @entity5 and @entity6 were found in both the subjects with and without @entity2 , the difference of the frequency of these two mutations between @entity2 and the controls was   (2) = 0.07, P = 0.791 and   (2) = 0.56, P = 0.453, respectively. Coding sequence mutations of @entity3 were found in 4.23% @entity2 @entity0 . Frequency of @entity4 mutation in @entity2 @entity0 was significantly greater than that in the controls (  (2) = 4.37, P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: One novel variant locus in the @entity3 / @entity3 ( @entity5 ) was found in the present study, but this mutation is not associated with @entity2 . @entity4 is the most common mutation in @entity3 locus in Chinese subjects with @entity2 . Approximately 4.23% sporadic @entity2 @entity0 have mutation in the exon 1 in @entity3 / @entity3 .

title: [Study on XXXX / @entity3 gene mutations in primary open-angle glaucoma].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the mutations in the trabecular meshwork induced-glucocorticoid response protein gene ( @entity3 / @entity3 ) in Chinese @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: It was a case-control study. One hundred and eighteen Chinese @entity0 with @entity2 and 150 control subjects without @entity2 were screened for coding sequence of the @entity3 gene by polymerase chain reaction, single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequence. Restriction endonuclease analysis was used to detect the SSCP in 150 gender- and aged-matched controls. Statistical significance of the difference in frequencies of @entity3 mutations between @entity2 @entity0 and the controls was determined by the chi-squared test. RESULTS: Three coding sequence variants that lead to @entity1 changes were identified in @entity3 gene. One mutation of @entity3 gene was novel, @entity5 , which was present in one @entity0 with @entity2 and 3 control subjects. @entity4 and @entity6 have been reported previously. @entity5 and @entity6 were found in both the subjects with and without @entity2 , the difference of the frequency of these two mutations between @entity2 and the controls was   (2) = 0.07, P = 0.791 and   (2) = 0.56, P = 0.453, respectively. Coding sequence mutations of @entity3 were found in 4.23% @entity2 @entity0 . Frequency of @entity4 mutation in @entity2 @entity0 was significantly greater than that in the controls (  (2) = 4.37, P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: One novel variant locus in the @entity3 / @entity3 ( @entity5 ) was found in the present study, but this mutation is not associated with @entity2 . @entity4 is the most common mutation in @entity3 locus in Chinese subjects with @entity2 . Approximately 4.23% sporadic @entity2 @entity0 have mutation in the exon 1 in @entity3 / @entity3 .

title: [Study on @entity3 / XXXX gene mutations in primary open-angle glaucoma].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of superwet technique of infiltration and autologous tissue sealants during rhytidectomy has benefits of decreasing @entity2 and @entity1 , improving visualization, and easing dissection. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether these intraoperative strategies resulted in more consistent and reproducible outcomes and significantly decreased @entity3 rates. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on 1089 consecutive face lifts performed by a single surgeon. Fisher's exact test was used to determine significant differences in @entity3 between those @entity0 who received platelet-rich plasma and superwet technique and those who did not. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate demographic variables and intraoperative interventions for risk of complication. RESULTS: Five hundred eighty-seven of 1089 face lifts received platelet-rich plasma and 926 of 1089 underwent a superwet technique. Ten @entity3 were recorded, six in the group that did not receive platelet-rich plasma compared to four who did (p = 0.527). One @entity3 was observed before implementation of the superwet technique and nine were in the group after (p = 1.00). Multivariate analysis showed male sex to be a significant factor for @entity3 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis showed excellent outcomes with a @entity3 rate of 0.9 percent. Although no significant differences were noted, the authors attribute their consistent and reproducible results to the use of the superwet technique and platelet-rich plasma. The superwet technique allows for improved safety and visualization with improved hemostasis. Platelet-rich plasma potentially decreases ecchymosis and @entity1 . Prospective studies are needed to determine significant differences between these intraoperative interventions. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

title: The Role of the Superwet Technique in Face Lift: An Analysis of 1089 XXXX over 23 Years.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) may be treated through different surgical techniques. In this endovascular era, surgery remains a mainstay in the management of this disease, especially in @entity0 unsuitable for EVAR. The purpose of this study was to compare retrospectively the postoperative outcomes and survival rates of the transperitoneal and the retroperitoneal approach for the @entity2 repair in our Unit. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 840 consecutive @entity0 affected by @entity2 who were electively admitted in our unit from 1996 to 2011 was performed. Five hundred and sixty @entity0 underwent surgical treatment, 193 through a transperitoneal approach (TP group) and 367 by a retroperitoneal approach (RP group). Short and long-term postoperative outcomes were compared in the two groups. RESULTS: The RP group was characterized by significantly fewer ICU admissions and fewer respiratory and @entity1 . Canalization and oral feeding occurred earlier and the mean length of hospital stay for the RP group was shorter compared with that for the TP group. Twelve months survival rate in the RP group was significantly higher comparing with the TP group. Similarly higher survival rates were also observed at 180 months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In our study the repair of @entity2 through a retroperitoneal approach was associated with positive outcomes particularly in high-risk @entity0 . It represents a valid therapeutic option especially in subjects not suitable for endovascular procedures. Surgical training and competence should be maintained to ensure the selection of the appropriate therapy for each @entity0 .

title: Retroperitoneal access for XXXX : a single center experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Limited information is available concerning the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in @entity1 @entity0 who receive conservative therapy. Accordingly, this study was designed to evaluate the predictive value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in @entity1 @entity0 without surgery. METHOD: From January 2009 to January 2011, @entity1 @entity0 were admitted to a vascular center. The demographic data, @entity0 histories, comorbidities and risk factors were documented, and the differential cell count was determined at admission and seven days later after conservative therapy. The cutoff value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was determined by an ROC curve. @entity0 were divided into groups A and B according to the cutoff value. Amputation-free survival was compared between groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify independent risk factors. RESULT: A total of 172 @entity0 were identified with a mean age 71.98  10.09 years; among them, 122 were male. A value of 3.8 was identified as the cutoff value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. Groups A (post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio >= 3.8) and B (post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio <3.8) showed a significant difference in amputation-free survival (P<0.001). The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year amputation-free survival rates were 79.6%, 55.6% and 46.3%, respectively, in group A; however, in group B, these values were 89.7%, 79.3% and 75.9%, respectively. The post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was identified as an independent predictive factor for amputation in @entity1 @entity0 (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is an independent predictive factor for amputation in @entity1 @entity0 . @entity0 with a post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio >= 3.8 are likely to suffer from amputation; amputation-free survival usually occurs in @entity0 with a post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio <3.8.

title: Post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio independently predicts amputation in XXXX without operation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: To determine the value of preoperative anal physiology testing and transanal ultrasonography in predicting clinical response to sacral neuromodulation for @entity2 . METHODS: We report a retrospective study of all @entity0 treated with sacral neuromodulation for @entity2 in a single practice between 2011 and 2014 was performed. @entity0 demographics included age, gender, comorbidities, presence of an ultrasound-defined external @entity3 , and history of prior anal sphincter repair. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) scores were used to assess the severity of @entity2 at baseline, and at 3, 6 and 12 months. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between preoperative physiology testing and ultrasonography and @entity0 outcome. RESULTS: Sacral neuromodulation was trialed in 60 @entity0 , of whom 31 had anorectal physiology testing and 29 did not. @entity0 who were tested were younger (60.9 vs. 71.4 years, p   =   0.013) and more likely to have had a prior overlapping sphincteroplasty (40.5% vs. 15%, p   =   0.043). Among @entity0 who progressed to complete system implantation, @entity1 scores at 3 and 12 months were similar whether they had physiology testing or not. Likewise, @entity0 outcome did not correlate with the finding of an ultrasound-defined external @entity3 . Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between the test results and the 3-month @entity1 scores. @entity1 scores 3 months after full system implantation did not correlate with the presence or size of an external @entity3 , resting or squeeze pressure, pudendal nerve terminal motor latency, rectoanal inhibitory reflex, or minimum detectable volume. CONCLUSIONS: Anal physiology testing and ultrasonography were not predictive of clinical outcomes among @entity0 treated with sacral neuromodulation for @entity2 .

title: Does preoperative anal physiology testing or ultrasonography predict clinical outcome with sacral neuromodulation for XXXX ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Very large @entity1 are not very common in neurosurgical practice and there is not any widely acknowledged standard of their treatment. One of the useful methods in such cases is individual forming of @entity3 - @entity2 knitwear. Such material was used in the past but before 2008 it was available only as standardized plates. Currently, it can be also produced as individually shaped implants. The authors give their definition of very large @entity1 and present their experience with this cranioplastic method in such defects. The authors collected data on 11 cases of @entity0 with very large @entity1 , from a total of 156 cases, operated on in 5 Polish neurosurgical departments. The necessary implants were prepared for individual @entity0 according to the data provided by a computed tomography examination and with the use of computer aided machining. All defects were larger than 120 sqcm (129 to 178 sqcm) and exceeded 1/4 of the calvaria area. @entity0 were operated between 2008 to 2012. In all @entity0 , a very good aesthetic result and correct skull reconstruction was achieved. The follow up time in all cases exceeded 1 year and reached 4 years in 1 case. No complications were noted. The advantages and limitations of this method of cranioplasty are discussed below. Individually pre-shaped @entity3 - @entity2 knitwear prostheses are a good alternative to existing cranioplasty methods, particularly in very large @entity1 .

title: Treatment of very large @entity1 with individually shaped XXXX @entity2 knitwear prostheses - series of 11 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Very large @entity1 are not very common in neurosurgical practice and there is not any widely acknowledged standard of their treatment. One of the useful methods in such cases is individual forming of @entity3 - @entity2 knitwear. Such material was used in the past but before 2008 it was available only as standardized plates. Currently, it can be also produced as individually shaped implants. The authors give their definition of very large @entity1 and present their experience with this cranioplastic method in such defects. The authors collected data on 11 cases of @entity0 with very large @entity1 , from a total of 156 cases, operated on in 5 Polish neurosurgical departments. The necessary implants were prepared for individual @entity0 according to the data provided by a computed tomography examination and with the use of computer aided machining. All defects were larger than 120 sqcm (129 to 178 sqcm) and exceeded 1/4 of the calvaria area. @entity0 were operated between 2008 to 2012. In all @entity0 , a very good aesthetic result and correct skull reconstruction was achieved. The follow up time in all cases exceeded 1 year and reached 4 years in 1 case. No complications were noted. The advantages and limitations of this method of cranioplasty are discussed below. Individually pre-shaped @entity3 - @entity2 knitwear prostheses are a good alternative to existing cranioplasty methods, particularly in very large @entity1 .

title: Treatment of very large @entity1 with individually shaped @entity3 XXXX knitwear prostheses - series of 11 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Very large @entity1 are not very common in neurosurgical practice and there is not any widely acknowledged standard of their treatment. One of the useful methods in such cases is individual forming of @entity3 - @entity2 knitwear. Such material was used in the past but before 2008 it was available only as standardized plates. Currently, it can be also produced as individually shaped implants. The authors give their definition of very large @entity1 and present their experience with this cranioplastic method in such defects. The authors collected data on 11 cases of @entity0 with very large @entity1 , from a total of 156 cases, operated on in 5 Polish neurosurgical departments. The necessary implants were prepared for individual @entity0 according to the data provided by a computed tomography examination and with the use of computer aided machining. All defects were larger than 120 sqcm (129 to 178 sqcm) and exceeded 1/4 of the calvaria area. @entity0 were operated between 2008 to 2012. In all @entity0 , a very good aesthetic result and correct skull reconstruction was achieved. The follow up time in all cases exceeded 1 year and reached 4 years in 1 case. No complications were noted. The advantages and limitations of this method of cranioplasty are discussed below. Individually pre-shaped @entity3 - @entity2 knitwear prostheses are a good alternative to existing cranioplasty methods, particularly in very large @entity1 .

title: Treatment of very large XXXX with individually shaped @entity3 @entity2 knitwear prostheses - series of 11 cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: GTPases perform a wide range of functions, ranging from protein synthesis to cell signaling. Of all known GTPases, only eight are conserved across all three domains of life. YchF is one of these eight universally conserved GTPases; however, its cellular function and enzymatic properties are poorly understood. YchF differs from the classical GTPases in that it has a higher affinity for @entity1 than for @entity2 and is a functional ATPase. As a hydrophobic @entity3 -substituted ATPase, YchF does not possess the canonical catalytic Gln required for @entity4 hydrolysis. To elucidate the catalytic mechanism of @entity1 hydrolysis by YchF, we have taken a two-pronged approach combining classical biochemical and in silico techniques. The use of molecular dynamics simulations allowed us to complement our biochemical findings with information about the structural dynamics of YchF. We have thereby identified the highly conserved His-114 as critical for the ATPase activity of YchF from @entity0 . His-114 is located in a flexible loop of the G-domain, which undergoes @entity4 -dependent conformational changes. The use of a catalytic His is also observed in the hydrophobic @entity3 -substituted GTPase RbgA and is an identifier of the translational GTPase family.

title: Histidine 114 Is Critical for XXXX Hydrolysis by the Universally Conserved ATPase YchF.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the value of three-dimensional (3D) visualization, 3D printing and 3D laparoscopy (3-3D techniques) in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: From November 2013 to January 2015, 22 @entity0 with @entity2 admitted in our department underwent abdominal thin-slice CT scanning. The CT images were imported into Medical Image three Dimensional Visualization System (MI-3 @entity5 ) for 3D reconstruction. Standard Template Library (STL) files were exported for 3D printing. The hepatic vascular classification and predicted liver resection were performed with the aid of MI-3 @entity5 system. The 3D models were then printed and virtual liver resections were executed accordingly. Based on these preoperative surgical planning data, we performed anatomical hepatectomy using 3D laparoscopy, and the intraoperative @entity3 , @entity4 and postoperative hospital stay were recorded. RESULTS: According to Michels's classifications, 19 @entity0 had type I, 2 had type II, and 1 had type VIII hepatic arteries; based on Cheng classifications, the portal vein was classified into type I in 17 cases, type II in 2 cases, and type III in 2 cases, and type IV in 1 case; according to Nakamura classifications, the right hemiliver hepatic vein was classified into type I in 10 cases, type II in 7 cases, and type III in 5 cases. In the virtual operations, the mean volume of liver resected was 490    228 ml and the mean remnant liver volume was 885    139 ml, with a remnant to functional liver volume ratio of (71    11)%. The 3D printed models stereoscopically displayed the location of the @entity1 and adjacent liver vascular structure clearly. Laparoscopic hepatectomy was performed successfully in 20 @entity0 guided by the 3-3D techniques, and the other 2 @entity0 required convertion to open hepatectomy. The mean operation time was 186    92 min, the intraoperative @entity3 was 284    286 ml, the mean actual liver resection volume was 491    192 ml, and the mean postoperative hospital stay of the @entity0 was 8.6    3.7 days. CONCLUSIONS: The 3-3D technique can facilitate the evaluation of preoperative risk and critical anatomical structures and navigate the surgical procedure in real time in anatomical hepatectomy for @entity2 .

title: [Application of 3D visualization, 3D printing and 3D laparoscopy in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: : To perform a large registry-based study to determine the relative prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) problems in @entity0 with an @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from families with multiple affected members compared with their unaffected sibling(s). METHODS: : In-home structured retrospective medical history interviews by parent recall were conducted by a pediatric neurologist. Our analysis sample included information about GI health of 589 subjects with idiopathic, familial @entity1 and 163 of their unaffected sibling controls registered with @entity5 Genetic Resource Exchange. Individuals with @entity1 were subgrouped into 3 @entity5 severity groups (Full @entity5 , Almost @entity5 , and Spectrum) based on their @entity5 Diagnostic Interview-Revised and @entity5 Diagnostic Observation Scale scores. RESULTS: : Parents reported significantly more @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity1 (249/589; 42%) compared with their unaffected siblings (20/163; 12%) (p < .001). The 2 most common Gl problems in @entity0 with @entity1 were @entity4 (116/589; 20%) and chronic @entity2 (111/589; 19%). Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that having Full @entity5 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 14.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.22-32.77) or Almost @entity5 (AOR = 5.16, 95% CI 2.02-13.21) was most highly associated with experiencing @entity3 . Increased @entity5 symptom severity was associated with higher odds of @entity3 (AOR for trend = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.56-4.45). CONCLUSIONS: : Parents report significantly more @entity3 in @entity0 with familial @entity1 , especially those with Full @entity5 , than in their unaffected @entity0 . Increased @entity5 symptom severity is associated with increased odds of having @entity3 .

title: The prevalence of @entity3 in @entity0 across the United States with XXXX from families with multiple affected members.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: : To perform a large registry-based study to determine the relative prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) problems in @entity0 with an @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from families with multiple affected members compared with their unaffected sibling(s). METHODS: : In-home structured retrospective medical history interviews by parent recall were conducted by a pediatric neurologist. Our analysis sample included information about GI health of 589 subjects with idiopathic, familial @entity1 and 163 of their unaffected sibling controls registered with @entity5 Genetic Resource Exchange. Individuals with @entity1 were subgrouped into 3 @entity5 severity groups (Full @entity5 , Almost @entity5 , and Spectrum) based on their @entity5 Diagnostic Interview-Revised and @entity5 Diagnostic Observation Scale scores. RESULTS: : Parents reported significantly more @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity1 (249/589; 42%) compared with their unaffected siblings (20/163; 12%) (p < .001). The 2 most common Gl problems in @entity0 with @entity1 were @entity4 (116/589; 20%) and chronic @entity2 (111/589; 19%). Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that having Full @entity5 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 14.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.22-32.77) or Almost @entity5 (AOR = 5.16, 95% CI 2.02-13.21) was most highly associated with experiencing @entity3 . Increased @entity5 symptom severity was associated with higher odds of @entity3 (AOR for trend = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.56-4.45). CONCLUSIONS: : Parents report significantly more @entity3 in @entity0 with familial @entity1 , especially those with Full @entity5 , than in their unaffected @entity0 . Increased @entity5 symptom severity is associated with increased odds of having @entity3 .

title: The prevalence of XXXX in @entity0 across the United States with @entity1 from families with multiple affected members.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: : To perform a large registry-based study to determine the relative prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) problems in @entity0 with an @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from families with multiple affected members compared with their unaffected sibling(s). METHODS: : In-home structured retrospective medical history interviews by parent recall were conducted by a pediatric neurologist. Our analysis sample included information about GI health of 589 subjects with idiopathic, familial @entity1 and 163 of their unaffected sibling controls registered with @entity5 Genetic Resource Exchange. Individuals with @entity1 were subgrouped into 3 @entity5 severity groups (Full @entity5 , Almost @entity5 , and Spectrum) based on their @entity5 Diagnostic Interview-Revised and @entity5 Diagnostic Observation Scale scores. RESULTS: : Parents reported significantly more @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity1 (249/589; 42%) compared with their unaffected siblings (20/163; 12%) (p < .001). The 2 most common Gl problems in @entity0 with @entity1 were @entity4 (116/589; 20%) and chronic @entity2 (111/589; 19%). Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that having Full @entity5 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 14.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.22-32.77) or Almost @entity5 (AOR = 5.16, 95% CI 2.02-13.21) was most highly associated with experiencing @entity3 . Increased @entity5 symptom severity was associated with higher odds of @entity3 (AOR for trend = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.56-4.45). CONCLUSIONS: : Parents report significantly more @entity3 in @entity0 with familial @entity1 , especially those with Full @entity5 , than in their unaffected @entity0 . Increased @entity5 symptom severity is associated with increased odds of having @entity3 .

title: The prevalence of @entity3 in XXXX across the United States with @entity1 from families with multiple affected members.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In Japan in 2013, two @entity2 in the northwestern part of Kagoshima Prefecture developed @entity1 and @entity4 and were suspected of having @entity0 . The @entity3 (EHDV) genome was detected from diseased and asymptomatic @entity2 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). High neutralization antibody titers to Ibaraki virus (IBAV) ranging from 1:128 to 1:1,024 were observed in the RT-PCR-positive @entity2 , and the virus was isolated in one of the IBAV-positive farms. A pairwise alignment and phylogenetic analysis based on the major outer coat protein VP2 encoded in segment 2 revealed a close relationship between the isolated viruses and previous IBAV isolates. The phylogeny of VP2 also suggested that an IBAV variant isolated in 1997 was distinct from IBAV and sorted into a heterogeneous serotype, EHDV serotype 7. The findings revealed the reemergence of @entity0 in Japan after a 26-year absence. Interestingly, the co-circulation of EHDV serotype 1 with IBAV was observed in the affected region, suggesting the potential reassortment between two heterogeneous serotypes in the field. Sentinel surveillance in Kagoshima Prefecture indicated that the incursion of IBAV occurred in October 2013 and that its spread was limited within the small area. Inadequate environmental temperatures for vector transmission in late autumn might have limited the virus spread to a wider region. The reemergence of @entity0 showed us the importance of continuous vaccination to prevent economic losses.

title: Reemergence of XXXX in southern Japan in 2013.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: We looked for microstructural corneal characteristics of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in an in vivo investigation using laser scanning confocal microscopy. METHODS: Five @entity0 (3 @entity0 and 2 @entity0 ; mean age, 51.8 years) with clinically diagnosed @entity1 were enrolled in this study. All @entity0 were examined by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and in vivo laser confocal microscopy. Deposits in selected confocal images of all corneal layers were evaluated qualitatively for shape and degree of light reflection. RESULTS: The most characteristic finding was aggregates of highly reflective deposits with a starburst-like appearance that corresponded with epithelial punctate lesions identified by slit-lamp biomicroscopy; the aggregates were sporadically observed in all cases at the superficial and basal epithelial cell layers. Subepithelial haze was observed in all cases. Langerhans cells were also sporadically observed in all cases at the basal epithelial layer. @entity3 were observed in 3 of 5 cases; all these @entity0 had a long history of @entity1 (eg, more than 1 year). In addition, the 3 @entity0 had highly reflective, tiny, needle-shaped materials in the @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: In vivo laser confocal microscopy is capable of identifying characteristic corneal microstructural changes related to @entity1 with a higher resolution than is available with slit-lamp biomicroscopy. It may also be a valuable tool for further research to elucidate both pathogenesis and the natural course of @entity1 .

title: In vivo laser confocal microscopy findings of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Importance: Community-based surveys find that many otherwise healthy individuals report histories of @entity3 and delusions. To date, most studies have focused on the overall lifetime prevalence of any of these @entity2 experiences (PEs), which might mask important features related to the types and frequencies of PEs. Objective: To explore detailed epidemiologic information about PEs in a large multinational sample. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : We obtained data from the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys, a coordinated set of community epidemiologic surveys of the prevalence and correlates of @entity1 in representative household samples from 18 countries throughout the world, from 2001 through 2009. Respondents included 31 261 adults (18 years and older) who were asked about lifetime and 12-month prevalence and frequency of 6 types of PEs (2 hallucinatory experiences and 4 delusional experiences). We analyzed the data from March 2014 through January 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures: Prevalence, frequency, and correlates of PEs. Results: Mean lifetime prevalence (SE) of ever having a PE was 5.8% (0.2%), with hallucinatory experiences (5.2% [0.2%]) much more common than delusional experiences (1.3% [0.1%]). More than two-thirds (72.0%) of respondents with lifetime PEs reported experiencing only 1 type. @entity2 experiences were typically infrequent, with 32.2% of respondents with lifetime PEs reporting only 1 occurrence and 31.8% reporting only 2 to 5 occurrences. We found a significant relationship between having more than 1 type of PE and having more frequent PE episodes (Cochran-Armitage z   =   -10.0; P   <   .001). Lifetime prevalence estimates (SEs) were significantly higher among respondents in middle- and high-income countries than among those in low-income countries (7.2% [0.4%], 6.8% [0.3%], and 3.2% [0.3%], respectively;   22 range, 7.1-58.2; P   <   .001 for each) and among @entity0 than among @entity0 (6.6% [0.2%] vs 5.0% [0.3%];   21   =   16.0; P   <   .001). We found significant associations with lifetime prevalence of PEs in the multivariate model among nonmarried compared with married respondents (  22   =   23.2; P   <   .001) and among respondents who were not employed (  24   =   10.6; P   <   .001) and who had low family incomes (  23   =   16.9; P   <   .001). Conclusions and Relevance: The epidemiologic features of PEs are more nuanced than previously thought. Research is needed that focuses on similarities and differences in the predictors of the onset, course, and consequences of distinct PEs.

title: XXXX Experiences in the General Population: A Cross-National Analysis Based on 31   261 Respondents From 18 Countries.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fractures of the clavicle present very common injuries with a peak of incidence in young active @entity0 . Recently published randomized clinical trials demonstrated an improved functional outcome and a lower rate of nonunions in comparison to non-operative treatment. Anterior chest wall @entity4 due to @entity3 constitute common surgery related complications in plate fixation of displaced @entity2 . We recently developed a technique for mini open plating (MOP) of the clavicle to reduce postoperative @entity4 and @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to analyze the size of anterior chest wall @entity4 and the intensity of @entity3 in MOP in comparison to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of @entity2 . METHODS: 24 @entity0 (mean age 38.2    14.2 yrs.) with a displaced @entity2 of the clavicle (Orthopaedic Trauma Association B1.2-C1.2) surgically treated using a @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were enrolled. 12 @entity0 underwent MOP and another 12 @entity0 @entity5 . Anterior chest wall @entity4 was measured with a transparency grid on the second postoperative day and at the six months follow-up. @entity3 was evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). RESULTS: Mean ratio of skin incision length to plate length was 0.61    0.04 in the MOP group and 0.85    0.06 in the @entity5 group (p < 0.05). Mean ratio of the area of anterior chest wall @entity4 to plate length was postoperative 7.6    5.9 (six months follow-up 4.7    3.9) in the MOP group and 22.1    19.1 (16.9    14.1) in the @entity5 group (p < 0.05). Mean VAS was 2.6    1.4 points in the MOP group and 3.4    1.6 points in the @entity5 group (p = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, MOP significantly reduced anterior chest wall @entity4 in comparison to a conventional open approach postoperative as well as at the six months follow-up. @entity3 tended to be lower in the MOP group, however this difference was not statistically significant. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02247778 . Registered 21 September 2014.

title: Does a minimal invasive approach reduce anterior chest wall XXXX and @entity3 in plate fixation of @entity2 ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fractures of the clavicle present very common injuries with a peak of incidence in young active @entity0 . Recently published randomized clinical trials demonstrated an improved functional outcome and a lower rate of nonunions in comparison to non-operative treatment. Anterior chest wall @entity4 due to @entity3 constitute common surgery related complications in plate fixation of displaced @entity2 . We recently developed a technique for mini open plating (MOP) of the clavicle to reduce postoperative @entity4 and @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to analyze the size of anterior chest wall @entity4 and the intensity of @entity3 in MOP in comparison to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of @entity2 . METHODS: 24 @entity0 (mean age 38.2    14.2 yrs.) with a displaced @entity2 of the clavicle (Orthopaedic Trauma Association B1.2-C1.2) surgically treated using a @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were enrolled. 12 @entity0 underwent MOP and another 12 @entity0 @entity5 . Anterior chest wall @entity4 was measured with a transparency grid on the second postoperative day and at the six months follow-up. @entity3 was evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). RESULTS: Mean ratio of skin incision length to plate length was 0.61    0.04 in the MOP group and 0.85    0.06 in the @entity5 group (p < 0.05). Mean ratio of the area of anterior chest wall @entity4 to plate length was postoperative 7.6    5.9 (six months follow-up 4.7    3.9) in the MOP group and 22.1    19.1 (16.9    14.1) in the @entity5 group (p < 0.05). Mean VAS was 2.6    1.4 points in the MOP group and 3.4    1.6 points in the @entity5 group (p = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, MOP significantly reduced anterior chest wall @entity4 in comparison to a conventional open approach postoperative as well as at the six months follow-up. @entity3 tended to be lower in the MOP group, however this difference was not statistically significant. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02247778 . Registered 21 September 2014.

title: Does a minimal invasive approach reduce anterior chest wall @entity4 and XXXX in plate fixation of @entity2 ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fractures of the clavicle present very common injuries with a peak of incidence in young active @entity0 . Recently published randomized clinical trials demonstrated an improved functional outcome and a lower rate of nonunions in comparison to non-operative treatment. Anterior chest wall @entity4 due to @entity3 constitute common surgery related complications in plate fixation of displaced @entity2 . We recently developed a technique for mini open plating (MOP) of the clavicle to reduce postoperative @entity4 and @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to analyze the size of anterior chest wall @entity4 and the intensity of @entity3 in MOP in comparison to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of @entity2 . METHODS: 24 @entity0 (mean age 38.2    14.2 yrs.) with a displaced @entity2 of the clavicle (Orthopaedic Trauma Association B1.2-C1.2) surgically treated using a @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were enrolled. 12 @entity0 underwent MOP and another 12 @entity0 @entity5 . Anterior chest wall @entity4 was measured with a transparency grid on the second postoperative day and at the six months follow-up. @entity3 was evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). RESULTS: Mean ratio of skin incision length to plate length was 0.61    0.04 in the MOP group and 0.85    0.06 in the @entity5 group (p < 0.05). Mean ratio of the area of anterior chest wall @entity4 to plate length was postoperative 7.6    5.9 (six months follow-up 4.7    3.9) in the MOP group and 22.1    19.1 (16.9    14.1) in the @entity5 group (p < 0.05). Mean VAS was 2.6    1.4 points in the MOP group and 3.4    1.6 points in the @entity5 group (p = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, MOP significantly reduced anterior chest wall @entity4 in comparison to a conventional open approach postoperative as well as at the six months follow-up. @entity3 tended to be lower in the MOP group, however this difference was not statistically significant. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02247778 . Registered 21 September 2014.

title: Does a minimal invasive approach reduce anterior chest wall @entity4 and @entity3 in plate fixation of XXXX ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to develop a new formula to estimate the @entity1 in both @entity0 and adults; then compare the new formula with previously published formulas. METHODS: Renal depth and total thickness (T, cm) of the body at the level of the kidneys were measured by CT in 113 @entity0 and 246 adults. Their sex, age, height (H, cm), and weight (W, kg) were recorded. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were conducted, using data from @entity0 and adults together. The 359 cases were divided into 2 random groups, of which, the first group was used to derive a regressive formula, and the second was used to verify the formula and compare the formula with previously published formulas in different groups. RESULTS: Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the important variable in estimating the depth of each kidney was the ratio of body weight (W, kg) to body height (H, cm) and the total thickness (T, cm) of the body at the level of the kidneys. The new formula was as follows: for right @entity1 (cm) = 0.22 * T + 7.714 * W/H-0.331 (r = 0.95), and for @entity1 (cm) = 0.238 * T + 6.553 * W/H-0.618 (r = 0.95). It is better than the other four formulas in different groups, especially in @entity0 and W/H  <= 0.30 (in adults) groups. CONCLUSIONS: We first introduced T into @entity1 estimation formula and established the new formula. It has a better performance than the other four formulas in different groups. The new formula provided reliable and accurate @entity1 and may contribute to improving the methods used to estimate renal function from radionuclide renography.

title: Establish New Formulas for the Calculation of Renal Depth in Both XXXX and Adults.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Evaluation of cognitive function in @entity5 has revealed contradictory findings; some studies report normal cognition in @entity0 with long-term cured @entity5 , while others show @entity6 . Moreover, the presence of @entity4 in these @entity0 is common. Our aim was to evaluate memory and decision making in acromegalic @entity0 and explore their relationship with @entity4 like @entity2 and @entity3 . Thirty-one @entity0 with @entity5 (mean age 49.5    8.5 years, 14 females and 17 males) and thirty-one healthy controls participated in this study. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, State-Trait @entity2 Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used to evaluate decision making, verbal memory, @entity2 , and @entity3 , respectively. Acromegalic @entity0 showed @entity1 (p < 0.05) and more @entity2 and @entity3 (p < 0.05) than controls. In the IGT, acromegalic @entity0 presented an altered decision-making strategy compared to controls, choosing a lower number of the safer cards (p < 0.05) and higher number of the riskier cards (p < 0.05). Moreover, multiple correlations between @entity2 and @entity3 and performance in memory and decision making were found. @entity6 and decision making observed in acromegalic @entity0 are related to @entity2 and @entity3 . Providing emotional support to the @entity0 could improve their cognitive function. A key clinical application of this research is the finding that @entity3 and @entity2 are essentially modifiable factors.

title: Impaired decision making and delayed memory are related with XXXX and @entity3 in @entity5 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Evaluation of cognitive function in @entity5 has revealed contradictory findings; some studies report normal cognition in @entity0 with long-term cured @entity5 , while others show @entity6 . Moreover, the presence of @entity4 in these @entity0 is common. Our aim was to evaluate memory and decision making in acromegalic @entity0 and explore their relationship with @entity4 like @entity2 and @entity3 . Thirty-one @entity0 with @entity5 (mean age 49.5    8.5 years, 14 females and 17 males) and thirty-one healthy controls participated in this study. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, State-Trait @entity2 Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used to evaluate decision making, verbal memory, @entity2 , and @entity3 , respectively. Acromegalic @entity0 showed @entity1 (p < 0.05) and more @entity2 and @entity3 (p < 0.05) than controls. In the IGT, acromegalic @entity0 presented an altered decision-making strategy compared to controls, choosing a lower number of the safer cards (p < 0.05) and higher number of the riskier cards (p < 0.05). Moreover, multiple correlations between @entity2 and @entity3 and performance in memory and decision making were found. @entity6 and decision making observed in acromegalic @entity0 are related to @entity2 and @entity3 . Providing emotional support to the @entity0 could improve their cognitive function. A key clinical application of this research is the finding that @entity3 and @entity2 are essentially modifiable factors.

title: Impaired decision making and delayed memory are related with @entity2 and XXXX in @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Evaluation of cognitive function in @entity5 has revealed contradictory findings; some studies report normal cognition in @entity0 with long-term cured @entity5 , while others show @entity6 . Moreover, the presence of @entity4 in these @entity0 is common. Our aim was to evaluate memory and decision making in acromegalic @entity0 and explore their relationship with @entity4 like @entity2 and @entity3 . Thirty-one @entity0 with @entity5 (mean age 49.5    8.5 years, 14 females and 17 males) and thirty-one healthy controls participated in this study. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, State-Trait @entity2 Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were used to evaluate decision making, verbal memory, @entity2 , and @entity3 , respectively. Acromegalic @entity0 showed @entity1 (p < 0.05) and more @entity2 and @entity3 (p < 0.05) than controls. In the IGT, acromegalic @entity0 presented an altered decision-making strategy compared to controls, choosing a lower number of the safer cards (p < 0.05) and higher number of the riskier cards (p < 0.05). Moreover, multiple correlations between @entity2 and @entity3 and performance in memory and decision making were found. @entity6 and decision making observed in acromegalic @entity0 are related to @entity2 and @entity3 . Providing emotional support to the @entity0 could improve their cognitive function. A key clinical application of this research is the finding that @entity3 and @entity2 are essentially modifiable factors.

title: Impaired decision making and delayed memory are related with @entity2 and @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Historically, federal funding streams to address @entity0 and @entity2 use have been provided separately to state health departments. This study aims to document the impact of a recent focus on coordinating @entity1 efforts through collaboration between the 2 programs. METHODS: Through a case-study approach using semistructured interviews, we collected information on the organizational context, infrastructure, and interaction between @entity0 and @entity2 control programs in 6 states from March through July 2012. Data were analyzed with NVivo software, using a grounded-theory approach. RESULTS: We found between-program activities in the state health department and coordinated implementation of interventions in the community. Factors identified as facilitating integrated interventions in the community included collaboration between programs in the strategic planning process, incorporation of one another's priorities into state strategic plans, co-location, and leadership support for collaboration. Coalitions were used to deliver integrated interventions to the community. Five states perceived high staff turnover as a barrier to collaboration, and all 5 states felt that federal funding requirements were a barrier. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 and @entity2 programs are beginning to implement integrated interventions to address @entity1 . Findings can inform the development of future efforts to integrate program activities across @entity1 prevention efforts.

title: Factors involved in the collaboration between the national XXXX control programs and @entity2 control programs: a qualitative study of 6 States, United States, 2012.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Historically, federal funding streams to address @entity0 and @entity2 use have been provided separately to state health departments. This study aims to document the impact of a recent focus on coordinating @entity1 efforts through collaboration between the 2 programs. METHODS: Through a case-study approach using semistructured interviews, we collected information on the organizational context, infrastructure, and interaction between @entity0 and @entity2 control programs in 6 states from March through July 2012. Data were analyzed with NVivo software, using a grounded-theory approach. RESULTS: We found between-program activities in the state health department and coordinated implementation of interventions in the community. Factors identified as facilitating integrated interventions in the community included collaboration between programs in the strategic planning process, incorporation of one another's priorities into state strategic plans, co-location, and leadership support for collaboration. Coalitions were used to deliver integrated interventions to the community. Five states perceived high staff turnover as a barrier to collaboration, and all 5 states felt that federal funding requirements were a barrier. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 and @entity2 programs are beginning to implement integrated interventions to address @entity1 . Findings can inform the development of future efforts to integrate program activities across @entity1 prevention efforts.

title: Factors involved in the collaboration between the national @entity0 control programs and XXXX control programs: a qualitative study of 6 States, United States, 2012.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bevacizumab plays an important role in the treatment of @entity0 with metastatic @entity1 (mCRC). The aim of this study is to assemble current RCTs to analyze efficacy of adding bevacizumab to the most used combination first-line chemotherapy in mCRC @entity0 . METHODS: Pubmed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Embase were systematically searched. Our primary endpoint was @entity2 ( @entity2 ), progression-free survival (PFS) and secondary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Hazard ratios (HRs) for PFS and @entity2 and risk ratio (RR) for ORR were extracted from each trial. All these above were performed using a random-effects model and statistics was performed in StataSE 12.0. RESULTS: Seven Randomized controlled studies aggregating 3264 @entity0 were enrolled in our meta-analysis. @entity2 , PFS and ORR were performed using a random-effects model. A therapeutic effect advantage was showed in Bevacizumab added to first-line chemotherapy with higher @entity2 (HR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.61-0.72;   - =0.000), PFS (HR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.61-0.72;   - =0.000) compared with chemotherapy alone. Chemotherapy plus bevacizumab increased ORR (38.42% vs. 33.44%), showing statistically difference (RR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06-1.28, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis shows that the addition of bevacizumab to first-line regimens can be beneficial in terms of @entity2 , PFS and ORR compared with chemotherapy alone.

title: Bevacizumab in combination with first-line chemotherapy in @entity0 with metastatic XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bevacizumab plays an important role in the treatment of @entity0 with metastatic @entity1 (mCRC). The aim of this study is to assemble current RCTs to analyze efficacy of adding bevacizumab to the most used combination first-line chemotherapy in mCRC @entity0 . METHODS: Pubmed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Embase were systematically searched. Our primary endpoint was @entity2 ( @entity2 ), progression-free survival (PFS) and secondary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Hazard ratios (HRs) for PFS and @entity2 and risk ratio (RR) for ORR were extracted from each trial. All these above were performed using a random-effects model and statistics was performed in StataSE 12.0. RESULTS: Seven Randomized controlled studies aggregating 3264 @entity0 were enrolled in our meta-analysis. @entity2 , PFS and ORR were performed using a random-effects model. A therapeutic effect advantage was showed in Bevacizumab added to first-line chemotherapy with higher @entity2 (HR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.61-0.72;   - =0.000), PFS (HR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.61-0.72;   - =0.000) compared with chemotherapy alone. Chemotherapy plus bevacizumab increased ORR (38.42% vs. 33.44%), showing statistically difference (RR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06-1.28, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis shows that the addition of bevacizumab to first-line regimens can be beneficial in terms of @entity2 , PFS and ORR compared with chemotherapy alone.

title: Bevacizumab in combination with first-line chemotherapy in XXXX with metastatic @entity1 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite a vast literature, @entity11 and the associated @entity2 /reperfusion injuries remain today in many ways a mystery. Why do @entity14 make and store a supply of @entity5 and @entity8 within the major arteries supplying the heart? Why are treatment programs aimed to suppress certain @entity7 risk factors, such as elevated serum @entity13 and @entity1 , generally counterproductive? METHODS: Our methods are based on an extensive search of the literature in @entity3 as well as in the area of the unique properties of water, the role of biosulfates in the vascular wall, and the role of electromagnetic fields in vascular flow. Our investigation reveals a novel pathology linked to @entity11 that better explains the observed facts than the currently held popular view. RESULTS: We propose a novel theory that @entity11 can best be explained as being due to @entity15 deficiency. Furthermore, @entity14 replenish the supply of @entity5 and @entity8 to the microvasculature, by exploiting the inflammatory agent @entity6 to derive @entity8 from @entity13 and other @entity9 sources. We argue that the @entity8 anions attached to the glycosaminoglycans in the glycocalyx are essential in maintaining the structured water that is crucial for vascular endothelial health and erythrocyte mobility through capillaries. @entity8 depletion leads to @entity5 accumulation in @entity14 , because its transport through water-based media depends on sulfurylation. We show that streaming potential induces @entity12 (NO) release, and NO derivatives break down the extracellular matrix, redistributing @entity8 to the microvasculature. We argue that low (less negative) zeta potential due to insufficient @entity8 anions leads to @entity4 and @entity10 , because these responses can increase streaming potential and induce @entity12 mediated vascular relaxation, promoting @entity0 delivery. Our hypothesis is a parsimonious explanation of multiple features of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: If our interpretation is correct, then it would have a significant impact on how @entity11 is treated. We recommend a high intake of @entity9 -containing foods as well as an avoidance of exposure to toxicants that may impair @entity8 synthesis.

title: A novel hypothesis for @entity11 as a XXXX deficiency syndrome.

answer: @entity15


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite a vast literature, @entity11 and the associated @entity2 /reperfusion injuries remain today in many ways a mystery. Why do @entity14 make and store a supply of @entity5 and @entity8 within the major arteries supplying the heart? Why are treatment programs aimed to suppress certain @entity7 risk factors, such as elevated serum @entity13 and @entity1 , generally counterproductive? METHODS: Our methods are based on an extensive search of the literature in @entity3 as well as in the area of the unique properties of water, the role of biosulfates in the vascular wall, and the role of electromagnetic fields in vascular flow. Our investigation reveals a novel pathology linked to @entity11 that better explains the observed facts than the currently held popular view. RESULTS: We propose a novel theory that @entity11 can best be explained as being due to @entity15 deficiency. Furthermore, @entity14 replenish the supply of @entity5 and @entity8 to the microvasculature, by exploiting the inflammatory agent @entity6 to derive @entity8 from @entity13 and other @entity9 sources. We argue that the @entity8 anions attached to the glycosaminoglycans in the glycocalyx are essential in maintaining the structured water that is crucial for vascular endothelial health and erythrocyte mobility through capillaries. @entity8 depletion leads to @entity5 accumulation in @entity14 , because its transport through water-based media depends on sulfurylation. We show that streaming potential induces @entity12 (NO) release, and NO derivatives break down the extracellular matrix, redistributing @entity8 to the microvasculature. We argue that low (less negative) zeta potential due to insufficient @entity8 anions leads to @entity4 and @entity10 , because these responses can increase streaming potential and induce @entity12 mediated vascular relaxation, promoting @entity0 delivery. Our hypothesis is a parsimonious explanation of multiple features of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: If our interpretation is correct, then it would have a significant impact on how @entity11 is treated. We recommend a high intake of @entity9 -containing foods as well as an avoidance of exposure to toxicants that may impair @entity8 synthesis.

title: A novel hypothesis for XXXX as a @entity15 deficiency syndrome.

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that poor sleep quality is associated with nondipping @entity1 , but the underlying mechanisms were not reported. This study was carried out to evaluate whether poor sleep quality is associated with stress status and sympathetic nervous system activation in nondippers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 307 Chinese essential @entity1 @entity0 were defined as dippers or nondippers by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and stress status was assessed by @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The levels of @entity3 and @entity2 were examined to investigate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS: A total of 204 (66.4%) and 103 cases (33.6%) were found to be dippers and nondippers, respectively. Nondippers were with poorer sleep quality (P<0.05), more stressful status (P<0.05), and with an increased activity of sympathetic nervous system (P<0.01). The decline of @entity5 (DBP) at night was inversely related with the PSQI score (r=-0.469, P<0.01 and r=-0.421, P<0.01), @entity4 score (r=-0.432, P<0.01 and r=-0.404, P<0.01), @entity3 (r=-0.304, P<0.05 and r=-0.293, P<0.05), and @entity2 (r=-0.321, P<0.05 and r=-0.357, P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that older age [odds ratio (OR): 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-2.43], PSQI score (OR: 2.78; 95% CI: 1.65-6.87), and @entity4 score (OR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.56-5.93) were independently correlated with the nondipping pattern. CONCLUSION: Poor sleep quality and stressful status were closely associated with higher activation of sympathetic nervous system, and they are independent predictors of nondipping @entity1 .

title: Poor sleep quality, stress status, and sympathetic nervous system activation in nondipping XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Suction applied to the vestibule through the oval window during stapes surgery is considered a primary risk for postoperative @entity2 . This study investigated the mechanism of acute phase change in cochlear function caused by aspiration of the opened oval window. STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 model. SETTING: Academic hospital laboratory. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity1 were divided into 3 groups: stapes footplate removed without suctioning (6 animals), with indirect suctioning (5 animals), and with direct suctioning of the vestibular perilymph (6 animals). Endocochlear potentials (EPs) were measured at the second turn of the cochlea, and temporal bones were examined histologically. RESULTS: Removal of the stapes footplate without suctioning caused little change in the EP (original value, 80.12    3.52 mV), indirect suctioning caused minor decline of the EP of 9.14    1.84 mV, and partial recovery ensued, whereas direct but gentle suctioning, resulting in dry vestibule, caused reduction in the EP of 16.38    6.63 mV. Recovery was not observed or incomplete. No animals showed profound decrease in the EP. CONCLUSION: Gentle suctioning and removal of the vestibular perilymph can cause a mild decrease in the EP even without damaging the inner ear structures. Therefore, suctioning of the perilymph should be avoided during stapes surgery because acute @entity0 can result even without damaging the inner ear structures. However, @entity0 may not be profound, if suctioning is not vigorous enough to cause damage to the inner ear structures.

title: Effect of aspiration of perilymph during stapes surgery on the endocochlear potential of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The ocular surface is a frequent target tissue of mucosal chronic GVHD (cGVHD). We investigated the histopathological features of the conjunctival microvilli in @entity0 with cGVHD. Conjunctival tissue specimens from @entity0 with cGVHD or Sj  @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or from healthy individuals were examined by light microscopy and EM, impression cytology, and immunohistochemistry. The cGVHD conjunctivae showed significantly more @entity4 and fewer goblet cells than the @entity1 and normal conjunctivae. Abundant @entity2 (+) T cells infiltrated the basal epithelia in the cGVHD conjunctiva. The microvilli per standard epithelial unit and the secretory vesicles were counted by analyzing electron micrographs. The mean number of mucosal microvilli was significantly lower in the cGVHD than that in the @entity1 or normal specimens, and the microvilli were significantly shorter, with a smaller height-width ratio. The mean number of secretory vesicles was also significantly lower, and the membrane-spanning mucin thinner, in the cGVHD compared with the @entity1 and normal specimens. Thus, the conjunctival mucosal microvilli of cGVHD @entity0 were significantly different in number and morphology from those of @entity1 and normal subjects. These may be important factors affecting the stability of the tear-film layer and its contribution to cGVHD-related @entity3 .

title: Mucosal microvilli in XXXX @entity0 with chronic GVHD.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The ocular surface is a frequent target tissue of mucosal chronic GVHD (cGVHD). We investigated the histopathological features of the conjunctival microvilli in @entity0 with cGVHD. Conjunctival tissue specimens from @entity0 with cGVHD or Sj  @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or from healthy individuals were examined by light microscopy and EM, impression cytology, and immunohistochemistry. The cGVHD conjunctivae showed significantly more @entity4 and fewer goblet cells than the @entity1 and normal conjunctivae. Abundant @entity2 (+) T cells infiltrated the basal epithelia in the cGVHD conjunctiva. The microvilli per standard epithelial unit and the secretory vesicles were counted by analyzing electron micrographs. The mean number of mucosal microvilli was significantly lower in the cGVHD than that in the @entity1 or normal specimens, and the microvilli were significantly shorter, with a smaller height-width ratio. The mean number of secretory vesicles was also significantly lower, and the membrane-spanning mucin thinner, in the cGVHD compared with the @entity1 and normal specimens. Thus, the conjunctival mucosal microvilli of cGVHD @entity0 were significantly different in number and morphology from those of @entity1 and normal subjects. These may be important factors affecting the stability of the tear-film layer and its contribution to cGVHD-related @entity3 .

title: Mucosal microvilli in @entity3 XXXX with chronic GVHD.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The application of a Continuous Positive pressure to @entity0 's airway (CPAP) represents one of the most important respiratory treatments during @entity1 ( @entity1 ) due to Acute @entity2 (ACPE). Thanks to its hemodynamic and ventilatory effects, CPAP improves clinical and gasanalytic parameters and lead to a decrease of mortality and need of intubation in these @entity0 . CPAP can be applied with different devices: ventilators, Venturi-like flow generators and Boussignac's device. AIM: To verify and to compare effectiveness and tolerability of two different CPAP's devices (Venturi-like flow generator and Buossignac's device) in @entity1 due to ACPE. The study was performed in a General Medical Ward. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 @entity0 with @entity1 due to ACPE were randomized in two group: the first group (10 @entity0 ) received CPAP with a Venturi-like flow generator, the second group (10 @entity0 ) with Boussignac's device. At the end of CPAP treatment each @entity0 gave a score to tolerability. RESULTS: In each group we noted a significant (p<0.05) improvement in clinical and gasanalytic parameters since the first hour of treatment; these improvements were confirmed in following determinations and were not significantly different in the two group of @entity0 . The Boussignac group showed a better tolerability. CONCLUSIONS: The two CPAP's devices resulted similar in term of effectiveness. Boussignac's device has shown a better tolerability: this characteristic, together with the simple use, should stimulate the diffusion of this device where a flow generator or a ventilator are not present (outside Intensive Care Units, for example in General Medical Wards).

title: [Continuous positive airway pressure in XXXX . application in a general medical ward].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 is the main pathological change in many @entity5 . @entity8 , a yellow pigment present in the rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa L. Zingiberaceae), was found to be a potential anti-inflammatory agent. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of @entity8 on the @entity3 of @entity2 kidney and cultured renal tubular epithelial cells ( @entity0 cells) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to explore the mechanism. @entity8 was injected intraperitoneally before LPS administration. @entity1 was assessed by evaluating @entity7 ( @entity7 ) expression and macrophage infiltration in renal tissue using immunohistochemical methods, and also by measuring renal @entity7 mRNA level using Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). @entity0 cells were cultured to investigate the in vitro effect of @entity8 against @entity1 . The expression of @entity7 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) mRNA was measured by Real-Time PCR. The expression of @entity7 and @entity4 protein in supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activity of nuclear factor (NF)-kB was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results demonstrated that @entity8 could inhibit LPS-induced renal @entity7 mRNA expression. @entity8 also significantly inhibited the expression of @entity7 and @entity6 mRNA in @entity0 cells, and partially inhibited the secretion of @entity7 and @entity4 . Furthermore, @entity8 was found to inhibit the DNA-binding activity of NF-kB. The present study demonstrated that @entity8 has a protective effect on LPS-induced @entity1 , and this effect might be attributed to its inhibitory effects on @entity7 mRNA expression and DNA-binding activity of NF-kB. Hence, @entity8 might be potentially useful in some @entity1 by preventing @entity1 .

title: @entity8 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 is the main pathological change in many @entity5 . @entity8 , a yellow pigment present in the rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa L. Zingiberaceae), was found to be a potential anti-inflammatory agent. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of @entity8 on the @entity3 of @entity2 kidney and cultured renal tubular epithelial cells ( @entity0 cells) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to explore the mechanism. @entity8 was injected intraperitoneally before LPS administration. @entity1 was assessed by evaluating @entity7 ( @entity7 ) expression and macrophage infiltration in renal tissue using immunohistochemical methods, and also by measuring renal @entity7 mRNA level using Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). @entity0 cells were cultured to investigate the in vitro effect of @entity8 against @entity1 . The expression of @entity7 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) mRNA was measured by Real-Time PCR. The expression of @entity7 and @entity4 protein in supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activity of nuclear factor (NF)-kB was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results demonstrated that @entity8 could inhibit LPS-induced renal @entity7 mRNA expression. @entity8 also significantly inhibited the expression of @entity7 and @entity6 mRNA in @entity0 cells, and partially inhibited the secretion of @entity7 and @entity4 . Furthermore, @entity8 was found to inhibit the DNA-binding activity of NF-kB. The present study demonstrated that @entity8 has a protective effect on LPS-induced @entity1 , and this effect might be attributed to its inhibitory effects on @entity7 mRNA expression and DNA-binding activity of NF-kB. Hence, @entity8 might be potentially useful in some @entity1 by preventing @entity1 .

title: XXXX attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: The arterial baroreflex is a key mechanism for the homeostatic control of blood pressure (BP). In animals and @entity0 , psychological stressors suppress the capacity of the arterial baroreflex to control short-term fluctuations in BP, reflected by reduced baroreflex sensitivity ( @entity3 ). While animal studies have characterized the brain systems that link stressor processing to @entity3 suppression, comparable @entity0 studies are lacking. Here, we measured beat-to-beat BP and heart rate (HR) in 97 adults who performed a multisource interference task that evoked changes in spontaneous @entity3 , which were quantified by a validated sequence method. The same 97 @entity0 also performed the task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of brain activity. Across @entity0 , task performance (i) increased BP and HR and (ii) reduced @entity3 . Analyses of fMRI data further demonstrated that a greater task-evoked reduction in @entity3 covaried with greater activity in brain systems important for central autonomic and cardiovascular control, particularly the cingulate cortex, insula, amygdala, and midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG). Moreover, task performance increased the functional connectivity of a discrete area of the anterior insula with both the cingulate cortex and amygdala. In parallel, this same insula area showed increased task-evoked functional connectivity with midbrain PAG and pons. These novel findings provide @entity0 evidence for the brain systems presumptively involved in suppressing baroreflex functionality, with relevance for understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of stressor-related cardiovascular reactivity and associated risk for essential @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Brain systems for baroreflex suppression during stress in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Exercising muscle releases @entity4 ( @entity4 ), but the mechanisms controlling this process are poorly understood. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that the @entity4 release differs in arm and leg muscle during whole-body exercise, owing to differences in muscle metabolism. Sixteen subjects (10 @entity0 and six @entity0 , with body mass index 24    1 kg m(-2) and peak @entity1 uptake 3.4    0.6 l @entity7 )) performed a 90 min combined arm and leg cycle exercise at 60% of maximal @entity1 uptake. The subjects arrived at the laboratory having fasted overnight, and catheters were placed in the femoral artery and vein and in the subclavian vein. @entity3 was sampled and arm and leg blood flow were measured by thermodilution. Lean limb mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorbtiometry scanning. Before and after exercise, biopsies were obtained from vastus lateralis and deltoideus. During exercise, @entity4 release was similar between @entity0 and @entity0 and higher (P < 0.05) from arms than legs (1.01    0.42 and 0.33    0.12 ng @entity7 ) (kg lean limb mass)(-1), respectively). Blood flow (425    36 and 554    35 ml @entity7 ) (kg lean limb mass)(-1)) and @entity5 uptake (26    7 and 47    7  mol @entity7 ) (kg lean limb mass)(-1)) were lower, @entity2 uptake similar (51    12 and 41    8 mmol @entity7 ) (kg lean limb mass)(-1)) and @entity6 release higher (82    32 and -2    12  mol @entity7 ) (kg lean limb mass)(-1)) in arms than legs, respectively, during exercise (P < 0.05). No correlations were present between @entity4 release and exogenous substrate uptakes. Muscle glycogen was similar in arms and legs before exercise (388    22 and 428    25 mmol (kg dry weight)(-1)), but after exercise it was only significantly lower in the leg (219    29 mmol (kg dry weight)(-1)). The novel finding of a markedly higher @entity4 release from the exercising arm compared with the leg during whole-body exercise was not directly correlated to release or uptake of exogenous substrate, nor to muscle glycogen utilization.

title: XXXX release is higher across arm than leg muscles during whole-body exercise.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, it is sometimes observed that @entity0 in whom @entity2 ( @entity2 ) cease, develop another @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: In order to determine how many @entity0 develop new @entity3 post diagnosis and whether @entity0 whose attacks cease are more likely to do so, new @entity3 were recorded 6-12 months after the diagnosis of @entity2 in 187 consecutive @entity0 . RESULTS: Compared with baseline, the overall proportion of @entity0 with @entity3 increased slightly, from 70.1% to 76.5%, with 44/187 @entity0 (23.5%) developing new @entity3 . There were no significant differences between attack free and non-attack free @entity0 . Binary logistic regression analysis showed that predictors of new @entity3 diverged between attack free and non-attack free @entity0 . Among @entity0 continuing to have attacks, those with previous health related psychological @entity1 were 18.00 times more likely to develop new @entity3 (p<0.0005). In @entity0 who became attack free, @entity0 drawing disability benefits were 5.04 times more likely to have new @entity3 (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that almost 25% of @entity0 develop new @entity3 following a diagnosis of @entity2 , although most of those have @entity3 pre-diagnosis. @entity0 with a history of health related psychological @entity1 whose attacks continue after diagnosis are at particularly high risk of developing new @entity3 . The data do not support the hypothesis that @entity2 that resolve are likely to be 'replaced' by other @entity3 .

title: Do @entity0 whose @entity2 resolve, 'replace' them with other medically unexplained symptoms? Medically unexplained symptoms arising after a diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, it is sometimes observed that @entity0 in whom @entity2 ( @entity2 ) cease, develop another @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: In order to determine how many @entity0 develop new @entity3 post diagnosis and whether @entity0 whose attacks cease are more likely to do so, new @entity3 were recorded 6-12 months after the diagnosis of @entity2 in 187 consecutive @entity0 . RESULTS: Compared with baseline, the overall proportion of @entity0 with @entity3 increased slightly, from 70.1% to 76.5%, with 44/187 @entity0 (23.5%) developing new @entity3 . There were no significant differences between attack free and non-attack free @entity0 . Binary logistic regression analysis showed that predictors of new @entity3 diverged between attack free and non-attack free @entity0 . Among @entity0 continuing to have attacks, those with previous health related psychological @entity1 were 18.00 times more likely to develop new @entity3 (p<0.0005). In @entity0 who became attack free, @entity0 drawing disability benefits were 5.04 times more likely to have new @entity3 (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that almost 25% of @entity0 develop new @entity3 following a diagnosis of @entity2 , although most of those have @entity3 pre-diagnosis. @entity0 with a history of health related psychological @entity1 whose attacks continue after diagnosis are at particularly high risk of developing new @entity3 . The data do not support the hypothesis that @entity2 that resolve are likely to be 'replaced' by other @entity3 .

title: Do @entity0 whose XXXX resolve, 'replace' them with other medically unexplained symptoms? Medically unexplained symptoms arising after a diagnosis of @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, it is sometimes observed that @entity0 in whom @entity2 ( @entity2 ) cease, develop another @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: In order to determine how many @entity0 develop new @entity3 post diagnosis and whether @entity0 whose attacks cease are more likely to do so, new @entity3 were recorded 6-12 months after the diagnosis of @entity2 in 187 consecutive @entity0 . RESULTS: Compared with baseline, the overall proportion of @entity0 with @entity3 increased slightly, from 70.1% to 76.5%, with 44/187 @entity0 (23.5%) developing new @entity3 . There were no significant differences between attack free and non-attack free @entity0 . Binary logistic regression analysis showed that predictors of new @entity3 diverged between attack free and non-attack free @entity0 . Among @entity0 continuing to have attacks, those with previous health related psychological @entity1 were 18.00 times more likely to develop new @entity3 (p<0.0005). In @entity0 who became attack free, @entity0 drawing disability benefits were 5.04 times more likely to have new @entity3 (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that almost 25% of @entity0 develop new @entity3 following a diagnosis of @entity2 , although most of those have @entity3 pre-diagnosis. @entity0 with a history of health related psychological @entity1 whose attacks continue after diagnosis are at particularly high risk of developing new @entity3 . The data do not support the hypothesis that @entity2 that resolve are likely to be 'replaced' by other @entity3 .

title: Do XXXX whose @entity2 resolve, 'replace' them with other medically unexplained symptoms? Medically unexplained symptoms arising after a diagnosis of @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) is a subjective measurement tool designed to provide a standardized method of assessing outcomes in @entity1 . It has earlier been shown to be useful in several @entity1 , but there is currently no widely accepted subjective outcome measurement tool for @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: The PODCI was administered to parents of 74 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 . The score distributions were compared with values published earlier for @entity0 without @entity1 . For those @entity0 with repeated PODCI administrations over time, the initial score was compared with the most recent score. Comparisons were made using the Student t test. RESULTS: PODCI scores in @entity0 with @entity2 were significantly lower than those for typically developing @entity0 in all 6 domains. The scores were also more normally distributed than those for typically developing @entity0 in all 6 domains. Over an average follow-up period of approximately 3 years, @entity0 with @entity2 had a statistically significant increase in scores for upper extremity function, sports participation, and global functioning. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the PODCI is useful in evaluating functional outcomes of @entity0 with @entity2 , and is sensitive to change in function over time. The PODCI shows promise as a tool to evaluate long-term outcomes of surgical management in @entity2 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic Study, Level III.

title: Use of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument to evaluate functional outcomes in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) commonly coexist with @entity3 . Recently, @entity4 have been identified as a possible cause of @entity3 . We developed a @entity6 -induced @entity3 animal model using a novel premature pacing algorithm to assess timeframe and reversibility of this @entity3 and examine the associated histopathologic abnormalities. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirteen mongrel @entity2 were implanted with a specially programmed pacemaker capable of simulating @entity4 . Animals were randomly assigned to either 12 weeks of bigeminal @entity4 (n = 7) or no @entity4 (control, n = 6). Continuous 24-hour Holter monitoring corroborated ventricular bigeminy in the @entity6 group ( @entity6 , 49.8% versus control, < 0.01%; P<0.0001). After 12 weeks, only the @entity6 group had @entity3 , with a significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction ( @entity6 , 39.7    5.4% versus control, 60.7    3.8%; P < 0.0001) and an increase in left ventricular end-systolic dimension ( @entity6 , 33.3    3.5 mm versus control, 23.7    3.6 mm; P < 0.001). Ventricular effective refractory period showed a trend to prolong in the @entity6 group. @entity6 -induced @entity3 was resolved within 2 to 4 weeks after discontinuation of @entity4 . No @entity0 , @entity1 , or changes in apoptosis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation were observed with @entity6 -induced @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: This novel @entity6 animal model demonstrates that frequent @entity4 alone can induce a reversible form of @entity3 in otherwise structurally normal hearts. @entity6 -induced @entity3 lacks gross histopathologic and @entity5 seen in other @entity2 models of @entity3 .

title: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction induced by @entity4 : a novel model for premature ventricular contraction-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) commonly coexist with @entity3 . Recently, @entity4 have been identified as a possible cause of @entity3 . We developed a @entity6 -induced @entity3 animal model using a novel premature pacing algorithm to assess timeframe and reversibility of this @entity3 and examine the associated histopathologic abnormalities. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirteen mongrel @entity2 were implanted with a specially programmed pacemaker capable of simulating @entity4 . Animals were randomly assigned to either 12 weeks of bigeminal @entity4 (n = 7) or no @entity4 (control, n = 6). Continuous 24-hour Holter monitoring corroborated ventricular bigeminy in the @entity6 group ( @entity6 , 49.8% versus control, < 0.01%; P<0.0001). After 12 weeks, only the @entity6 group had @entity3 , with a significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction ( @entity6 , 39.7    5.4% versus control, 60.7    3.8%; P < 0.0001) and an increase in left ventricular end-systolic dimension ( @entity6 , 33.3    3.5 mm versus control, 23.7    3.6 mm; P < 0.001). Ventricular effective refractory period showed a trend to prolong in the @entity6 group. @entity6 -induced @entity3 was resolved within 2 to 4 weeks after discontinuation of @entity4 . No @entity0 , @entity1 , or changes in apoptosis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation were observed with @entity6 -induced @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: This novel @entity6 animal model demonstrates that frequent @entity4 alone can induce a reversible form of @entity3 in otherwise structurally normal hearts. @entity6 -induced @entity3 lacks gross histopathologic and @entity5 seen in other @entity2 models of @entity3 .

title: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction induced by XXXX : a novel model for premature ventricular contraction-induced @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe stylohyoid complex syndrome (SHCS) as a new diagnostic classification of all lateral neck and/or @entity1 conditions resulting from an elongated styloid process, ossified stylohyoid ligament, or elongated hyoid bone. All of these pathologic conditions result in @entity2 and reduced distensibility of the stylohyoid complex (SHC), with resultant irritation of the surrounding cervical structures with movement of the complex. DESIGN: A retrospective medical chart review was performed to identify a cohort of @entity0 who underwent surgical intervention for lateral neck and/or @entity1 due to pathologic SHCS. Follow-up time of greater than 1 year is reported in 5 of 7 @entity0 . SETTING: Tertiary, academic referral center. @entity0 : @entity0 included were those given a diagnosis of SHCS who underwent surgical intervention from June 2006 through September 2009. There were 7 @entity0 , 5 of whom were female. The age range was 38 to 53 years at time of presentation (mean age, 45.3 years). Common presenting complaints were lateral neck and @entity1 exacerbated by tongue and head movements. INTERVENTION: The pathologic areas were surgically addressed through transoral or cervical approaches. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Symptoms following surgical intervention. RESULTS: Seven @entity0 (8 sides) were identified as having SHCS. Computed tomographic findings included elongated styloid processes (3 sides), ossified stylohyoid ligaments (2 sides), and elongated hyoid bones (3 sides). Computed tomographic scan, frequently with volume-rendered 3-dimensional reconstructions, identified the pathologic condition. All @entity0 experienced clinically significant relief of presenting symptoms following surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 includes all lateral neck and/or @entity1 conditions resulting from an elongated styloid process, ossified stylohyoid ligament, or elongated hyoid bone. Surgical intervention directed at any pathologic point to disrupt this complex relieves @entity2 and offers @entity0 relief of symptoms.

title: XXXX : a new diagnostic classification.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether mortality and clinical outcomes vary for injured @entity0 in a mature @entity1 system on weeknights and weekends compared with weekdays. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Pennsylvania @entity1 system. @entity0 : A total of 90,461 @entity0 over 5 years. INTERVENTION: Treatment at a level I, II, or III @entity1 center. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In-hospital mortality, time to procedures, and length of stay. RESULTS: In adjusted analyses, @entity0 presenting on weeknights were no more likely to die than @entity0 presenting during weekdays, and @entity0 presenting on weekends were less likely to die than @entity0 presenting on weekdays (odds ratio = 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.81-0.97). Presenting on weeknights was associated with longer intensive care unit stay (incidence rate ratio = 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.10) and longer hospital stay (incidence rate ratio = 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.04). Presenting on weekends was associated with longer intensive care unit stay (incidence rate ratio = 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.10) but not longer hospital stay. Delays to laparotomy or craniotomy were not seen in either group. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate comparable mortality among injured @entity0 presenting on weeknights vs weekdays and lower mortality among injured @entity0 on weekends vs weekdays. Systems-based solutions of the @entity1 model are protective against the weekend effect and inform care for other emergency care-sensitive conditions.

title: Weekend and night outcomes in a statewide XXXX system.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: A minimally invasive approach to @entity2 is equivalent to bilateral exploration when intraoperative @entity3 (IOPTH) monitoring is used. The optimal strategy for the monitoring has been debated. HYPOTHESIS: There exists an optimal strategy for IOPTH monitoring. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Tertiary referral hospital. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 1882 @entity0 underwent parathyroidectomy for @entity2 with IOPTH monitoring. Successful exploration was defined as a 50% or more decline in IOPTH level from baseline and a normal or near-normal IOPTH level at 10 minutes postexcision. These results were compared with those of alternative strategies for IOPTH monitoring, including a 50% decline at 10 minutes, 50% decline at 5 minutes, and normal IOPTH levels at 10 minutes, using the preoperative parathyroid level as baseline. RESULTS: A curative operation was performed in 1830 @entity0 (97.2%). The current strategy had a sensitivity of 96% and an accuracy of 95%. @entity1 was present in 271 @entity0 (14.5%); 134 of 1858 @entity0 (7.2%) whose outcomes failed to reach curative criteria had confirmed @entity1 . Using only a 50% decline from baseline as the curative criterion would result in a failed operation in 22.4% of @entity0 with @entity1 . A 50% decline at 10 minutes was 96% sensitive and 94% accurate. A 5-minute value was 79% sensitive and 80% accurate. With use of the 5-minute value, unnecessary bilateral exploration would have been performed in 272 of 1460 @entity0 (18.6%) compared with 62 of 1750 @entity0 (3.5%) when using a 10-minute value. A normal 10-minute value is 91% sensitive and 90% accurate. CONCLUSIONS: A 10-minute postexcision IOPTH level that decreased 50% from baseline and is normal or near normal is highly successful. Relying on a 50% decrease alone increases the rate of operative failure in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: An optimal algorithm for intraoperative XXXX monitoring.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has been shown to be a general stimulation for repair and 1-year results showed promising success percentages. PURPOSE: This trial was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of @entity3 compared with @entity2 injections in @entity0 with chronic @entity4 with a 2-year follow-up. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS: The trial was conducted in 2 Dutch teaching hospitals. One hundred @entity0 with chronic @entity4 were randomly assigned to a leukocyte-enriched @entity3 group (n = 51) or the @entity2 group (n = 49). Randomization and allocation to the trial group were carried out by a central computer system. @entity0 received either a @entity2 injection or an autologous platelet concentrate injection through a peppering needling technique. The primary analysis included visual analog scale (VAS) @entity1 scores and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) outcome scores. RESULTS: The @entity3 group was more often successfully treated than the @entity2 group (P < .0001). Success was defined as a reduction of 25% on VAS or DASH scores without a reintervention after 2 years. When baseline VAS and DASH scores were compared with the scores at 2-year follow-up, both groups significantly improved across time (intention-to-treat principle). However, the DASH scores of the @entity2 group returned to baseline levels, while those of the @entity3 group significantly improved (as-treated principle). There were no complications related to the use of @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Treatment of @entity0 with chronic @entity4 with @entity3 reduces @entity1 and increases function significantly, exceeding the effect of @entity2 injection even after a follow-up of 2 years. Future decisions for application of @entity3 for @entity4 should be confirmed by further follow-up from this trial and should take into account possible costs and harms as well as benefits.

title: Ongoing positive effect of platelet-rich plasma versus @entity2 injection in XXXX : a double-blind randomized controlled trial with 2-year follow-up.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has been shown to be a general stimulation for repair and 1-year results showed promising success percentages. PURPOSE: This trial was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of @entity3 compared with @entity2 injections in @entity0 with chronic @entity4 with a 2-year follow-up. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS: The trial was conducted in 2 Dutch teaching hospitals. One hundred @entity0 with chronic @entity4 were randomly assigned to a leukocyte-enriched @entity3 group (n = 51) or the @entity2 group (n = 49). Randomization and allocation to the trial group were carried out by a central computer system. @entity0 received either a @entity2 injection or an autologous platelet concentrate injection through a peppering needling technique. The primary analysis included visual analog scale (VAS) @entity1 scores and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) outcome scores. RESULTS: The @entity3 group was more often successfully treated than the @entity2 group (P < .0001). Success was defined as a reduction of 25% on VAS or DASH scores without a reintervention after 2 years. When baseline VAS and DASH scores were compared with the scores at 2-year follow-up, both groups significantly improved across time (intention-to-treat principle). However, the DASH scores of the @entity2 group returned to baseline levels, while those of the @entity3 group significantly improved (as-treated principle). There were no complications related to the use of @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Treatment of @entity0 with chronic @entity4 with @entity3 reduces @entity1 and increases function significantly, exceeding the effect of @entity2 injection even after a follow-up of 2 years. Future decisions for application of @entity3 for @entity4 should be confirmed by further follow-up from this trial and should take into account possible costs and harms as well as benefits.

title: Ongoing positive effect of platelet-rich plasma versus XXXX injection in @entity4 : a double-blind randomized controlled trial with 2-year follow-up.

answer: @entity2