abstract: @entity9 provided a survival advantage compared with @entity8 in @entity0 with castration-resistant @entity4 refractory to @entity6 . Grade 3 to 4 (G3-4) @entity7 and @entity7 were relatively frequent in the registrative @entity10 Plus @entity3 Compared to @entity8 Plus @entity3 in Hormone Refractory Metastatic @entity4 (TROPIC) trial, but their incidence was lower in the Expanded Access Program (EAP). Although cumulative doses of @entity6 are associated with @entity1 , the effect of cumulative doses of @entity9 is unknown. In this retrospective review of prospectively collected data, the authors assessed "per cycle" incidence and predictors of @entity2 in the Italian cohort of the EAP, with a focus on the effect of cumulative doses of @entity9 .The study population consisted of 218 Italian @entity0 enrolled in the @entity9 EAP. The influence of selected variables on the most relevant adverse events identified was assessed using a Generalized Estimating Equations model at univariate and multivariate analysis."Per cycle" incidence of G 3 to 4 @entity7 was 8.7%, whereas @entity7 was reported in 0.9% of cycles. All events of @entity7 occurred during the first 3 cycles. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher prior dose of @entity9 was associated with decreased odds of having G3 to 4 @entity7 (OR=0.90; 95% CI: 0.86-0.93; P<0.01), @entity7 (OR=0.52; 95% CI: 0.34-0.81; P<0.01) and G3 to 4 @entity5 (OR=0.93; 95% CI: 0.86-1; P=0.07). @entity0 with a body surface area >2m presented increased odds of having G 3 to 4 @entity7 (OR=0.93; 95% CI: 0.86-1; P=0.07), but decreased odds of having G3 to 4 @entity5 .Among the @entity2 assessed, the authors did not identify any that appeared to be associated with a higher number of @entity9 cycles delivered. Prior cumulative dose was associated with reduced G3 to 4 @entity7 and @entity5 . The apparent protective effect associated with higher doses of @entity9 is likely to be affected by early dose reduction and early @entity2 -related treatment discontinuation. Because this analysis is limited by its retrospective design, prospective trials are required to assess the optimal duration of @entity9 treatment.

title: Lack of Cumulative @entity2 Associated With @entity9 Use in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity9 provided a survival advantage compared with @entity8 in @entity0 with castration-resistant @entity4 refractory to @entity6 . Grade 3 to 4 (G3-4) @entity7 and @entity7 were relatively frequent in the registrative @entity10 Plus @entity3 Compared to @entity8 Plus @entity3 in Hormone Refractory Metastatic @entity4 (TROPIC) trial, but their incidence was lower in the Expanded Access Program (EAP). Although cumulative doses of @entity6 are associated with @entity1 , the effect of cumulative doses of @entity9 is unknown. In this retrospective review of prospectively collected data, the authors assessed "per cycle" incidence and predictors of @entity2 in the Italian cohort of the EAP, with a focus on the effect of cumulative doses of @entity9 .The study population consisted of 218 Italian @entity0 enrolled in the @entity9 EAP. The influence of selected variables on the most relevant adverse events identified was assessed using a Generalized Estimating Equations model at univariate and multivariate analysis."Per cycle" incidence of G 3 to 4 @entity7 was 8.7%, whereas @entity7 was reported in 0.9% of cycles. All events of @entity7 occurred during the first 3 cycles. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher prior dose of @entity9 was associated with decreased odds of having G3 to 4 @entity7 (OR=0.90; 95% CI: 0.86-0.93; P<0.01), @entity7 (OR=0.52; 95% CI: 0.34-0.81; P<0.01) and G3 to 4 @entity5 (OR=0.93; 95% CI: 0.86-1; P=0.07). @entity0 with a body surface area >2m presented increased odds of having G 3 to 4 @entity7 (OR=0.93; 95% CI: 0.86-1; P=0.07), but decreased odds of having G3 to 4 @entity5 .Among the @entity2 assessed, the authors did not identify any that appeared to be associated with a higher number of @entity9 cycles delivered. Prior cumulative dose was associated with reduced G3 to 4 @entity7 and @entity5 . The apparent protective effect associated with higher doses of @entity9 is likely to be affected by early dose reduction and early @entity2 -related treatment discontinuation. Because this analysis is limited by its retrospective design, prospective trials are required to assess the optimal duration of @entity9 treatment.

title: Lack of Cumulative @entity2 Associated With XXXX Use in @entity4 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate ICU utilization and hospital outcomes of oncological @entity0 admitted to a comprehensive @entity1 center. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. SETTING: The University of Texas @entity4 Anderson @entity1 Center. @entity0 : Consecutive adults with @entity1 discharged over a 20-year period. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The Cochran-Armitage test for trend was used to evaluate ICU utilization and hospital mortality rates by primary service over time. A negative binomial log linear regression model was fitted to the data to investigate length of stay over time. Among 387,306 adult hospitalized @entity0 , the ICU utilization rate was 12.9%. The overall hospital mortality rate was 3.6%: 16.2% among @entity0 with an ICU stay and 1.8% among non-ICU @entity0 . Among those admitted to the ICU, the mean (SD) admission Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was 6.1 (3.8) for all ICU @entity0 : 7.3 (4.4) for medical ICU @entity0 and 4.9 (2.8) for surgical ICU @entity0 . @entity5 were associated with the highest hospital mortality rate in ICU @entity0 (42.8%); metastatic disease had the highest mortality rate in non-ICU @entity0 (4.2%); @entity3 , @entity2 , and other infections had the highest mortality rate for all inpatients (8.5%). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a longitudinal view of ICU utilization rates, hospital and ICU length of stay, and severity-adjusted mortality rates. Although the data arise from a single institution, it encompasses a large number of hospital admissions over two decades and can serve as a point of comparison for future oncological studies at similar institutions. More studies of this nature are needed to determine whether consolidation of @entity1 care into specialized large-volume facilities may improve outcomes, while simultaneously sustaining appropriate resource utilization and reducing unnecessary healthcare costs.

title: Two Decades of ICU Utilization and Hospital Outcomes in a XXXX Center.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Retinobalstoma, the commonest childhood @entity2 , is usually diagnosed early with over 90% survival rate in developed countries. In developing countries, the diagnosis is late resulting in less than 50% survival. OBJECTIVE: To determine @entity4 stages at presentation and @entity0 ' outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: The clinical and histopathological records of @entity0 with @entity4 seen from May 2004 to December 2005 were studied. Data was analysed for mode of presentation, laterality, clinical staging using Reese-Ellsworth (R-E) classification, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for @entity1 , and @entity0 outcome. SETTING: Ophthalmology Unit, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity0 presented with @entity4 over the period. Males were 12(52.2%). The age range from 1 to 84 months, mean 36.3(  22.15) and median (36 months). Nineteen (82.6%) had unilateral and 4(17.4%) bilateral disease. The common clinical presentations were leukocoria in 20(87.0%), proptosis 8(34.8%), strabismus 5(21.7%) and red eye 5(21.7%). The clinical features were commensurate with R-E stage V in 20(87.0%) @entity0 , 2(8.7%) with orbital recurrence and 1(4.3%) with post-enucleation anophthalmos. HHRFs were present in 9(75%) enucleated eyes with invasion of optic nerve as the commonest site (7/9). The @entity0 were followed up for 1 day to 19 months. Eight abandoned treatment, 2 were discharged for palliative treatment, 2 out of 5 with @entity1 died and 6 had no metastases at their last visit. Common sites for @entity1 were the bone marrow, brain and orbit. CONCLUSION: Majority of the @entity0 presented with @entity5 manifesting as leukocoria, proptosis, RE stages V disease and poor outcome.

title: Presentation of XXXX at a paediatric eye clinic in ghana.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is increasing use of online pharmacies to purchase prescription drugs. While some online pharmacies are legitimate and safe, there are many unsafe and illegal so-called "rogue" online pharmacies. This study investigated the availability of psychotropic drugs online to consumers in the US, using 5 commonly prescribed drugs for @entity0 . METHODS: Using the search term "buy [drug name]" in the Google, Yahoo and @entity5 , the characteristics of the online pharmacies found on the first two pages of search results were investigated. The availability of the requested dosage and formulations of two brand (Seroquel XR, Abilify) and three generic drugs ( @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity1 SR) were determined. RESULTS: Of 30 online pharmacies found, 17 (57%) were rated as rogue by LegitScript. Of the 30 pharmacies, 15 (50%) require a prescription, 21 (70%) claim to be from Canada, with 20 of these having a @entity4 ( @entity4 ) seal on the website. Only 13 of the 20 sites with a @entity4 seal were active @entity4 members. There were about the same number of trust verification seals on the rogue and legitimate pharmacy sites. Some rogue pharmacies are professional in appearance, and may be difficult for consumers to recognize as rogue. All five brand and generic drugs were offered for sale online, with or without a prescription. However, many substitutions were presented such as different strengths and formulations including products not approved by the FDA. LIMITATIONS: No evaluation of product quality, packaging or purchasing. CONCLUSIONS: Psychotropic medications are available online with or without a prescription. The majority of online pharmacy websites were rogue. Physicians should ask about the use of online pharmacies. For those who choose to use online pharmacies, two measures to detect rogue pharmacies are recommended: (1) only purchase drugs from pharmacies that require a prescription, and (2) check all pharmacy verification seals directly on the website of the certifying organization, every time, before purchase.

title: Availability of prescription drugs for XXXX at online pharmacies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine absconding behaviour (a @entity0 leaving the hospital without permission) in acute and rehabilitation wards of one Australian @entity1 institution to describe the characteristics of the absconding @entity0 and these events. BACKGROUND: Absconding is a significant issue in @entity1 inpatient settings, with risks that include @entity0 harm, aggression and violence. In spite of this, limited research has been conducted in Australia on @entity0 who abscond while receiving @entity1 care. DESIGN: The study was a retrospective descriptive analysis. METHOD: Absconding events from three acute and seven rehabilitation wards over a 12-month period were studied. RESULTS: The rate of absconding events by detained @entity0 was 20.82%. Gender was not significantly associated with absconding, although 61.19% of those who absconded were @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 . Over half of acute care @entity0 who absconded left during their first 21-day detention order. More than half of absconding events were by @entity0 that absconded more than once. There was limited support for the efficacy of locking ward doors. Age and diagnosis emerged as particularly important factors to consider. DISCUSSION: The study revealed that @entity0 are not more likely to abscond than @entity0 , that locking ward doors does not deter the determined absconders and that once a @entity0 has absconded, they are more likely to do so again. Younger @entity0 and those with a @entity2 may be particularly likely to abscond. There also appears to be a link between continuing detention orders and an absconding event. CONCLUSIONS: Findings provide new data about the profile of absconding @entity0 in Australia. Exploration of the reasons why @entity0 abscond and why many do so repeatedly warrants further investigation. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Risk management approaches taking into account factors associated with absconding could be trialled to reduce the incidence of absconding in @entity1 inpatient settings.

title: The profile of absconding XXXX inpatients in Australia.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 in the esophagus is a rare condition which has been described only occasionally in case reports or in larger series of @entity0 with @entity7 . We describe here the very rare case of a @entity0 who presented initially with a 2-month history of @entity8 and @entity5 which led to the endoscopic diagnosis of an unclear lesion in the distal esophagus. Biopsies were taken revealing positive immunohistochemical staining against HMB-45. As there were no signs of @entity4 and there was an absence of pigmentation, a diagnosis of primary amelanotic malignant @entity4 was made. Primary staging of the lesion was completed with computed tomography (CT), which revealed a locally advanced @entity2 with lymph node @entity1 at the lesser curvature of the stomach and celiac trunk. As there is still a lack of potential protocols for multimodal neoadjuvant treatment for this rare @entity2 entity, a palliative abdominothoracic esophagectomy with systemic lymphadenectomy and intrathoracic @entity3 was carried out. Due to an intraoperative R2 situation, clip marking was performed to allow postoperative radiotherapy. Two months postoperatively, the planning CT scan for radiotherapy revealed @entity2 mass, which was enclosing the celiac trunk, renal vein, and superior mesenteric artery. Multiple new liver and lung @entity1 were also found. During the following weeks, the @entity0 developed @entity6 and was admitted for dialysis, and the planned radiotherapy was deferred. At the end of May 2007, 4 months after the primary diagnosis, the @entity0 died due to @entity6 .

title: Amelanotic esophageal malignant XXXX : case report and short review of the literature.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We have compared the glycoproteins of two biologically distinct virulent strains of @entity2 . Cells infected by either @entity0 virions and the cellular surfaces have hemadsorbing activity; however, only cells infected by strain AV undergo fusion from within. We fractionated @entity1 embryo cells and monitored the incorporation of radioactive proteins into virions to study the sites of synthesis, cellular locations, and kinetics of virion assembly for the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and the fusion glycoproteins of each strain. We found that the HN glycoprotein of both strains was synthesized on rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), accumulated in low-density membranes derived from smooth ER and the plasma membrane, and appeared in virions after a 30-min delay. The fusion glycoprotein of both strains was synthesized as a precursor in rough ER and subsequently processed to the active form. However, the sites of accumulation of the fusion glycoproteins were strain-dependent. The larger subunit F1 of the fusion glycoprotein of strain AV was detected in subcellular fractions enriched for plasma membranes, while that of @entity4 accumulated in denser fractions which contained internal membranes. This result suggests that differential compartmentation of viral glycoproteins may influence the expression of biologic activities such as fusion on cellular surfaces. Despite their different sites of accumulation, the F1 glycoproteins or F-related polypeptides of similar size were assembled into virions of both strains. The kinetics of incorporation of this protein into virions appear to be too rapid for migration through internal membrane systems. Furthermore, @entity3 did not block the incorporation of F-related polypeptides into virions. A hypothesis is presented to explain the unusual behavior of the F-related proteins.

title: Maturation of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion glycoproteins of two biologically distinct strains of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The records of 160 @entity0 with @entity4 of the tonsillar fossa treated from 1968 through 1979 were reviewed. Biologic behavior, local and regional findings, and other prognostic factors were evaluated. @entity0 were treated by either radiation alone (112 @entity0 ), radiation followed by planned neck dissection (31 @entity0 ), surgery alone (11 @entity0 ), or surgery combined with radiation (6 @entity0 ). Analysis of the data supports the recommendation that radiation be used as treatment for T1, T2, and early T3 lesions, whereas surgery alone or combined with radiation is best employed for advanced T3 or T4 @entity2 . @entity2 control rates with radiation as the initial modality were 100% for T1 lesions, 89% for T2, 68% for T3, and 24% for T4. In addition, the control of cervical @entity1 with radiation therapy for @entity0 with @entity3 staged N0 through N3b was excellent (95%). In instances where a planned neck dissection was done 5 weeks after radiation, the control of @entity2 in the neck was 100%. The incidence of distant @entity1 was 10% and was not affected by the selection of therapy. The 2- and 5-year determinate survival figures for 112 @entity0 treated with radiation therapy alone was 67% and 48% respectively, while 31 @entity0 treated with radiation therapy followed by neck dissection achieved survival rates of 70% (2 year) and 58% (5 year). The criteria for selection of treatment are discussed.

title: Treatment of choice for XXXX of the tonsillar fossa.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 are among the most difficult problems in diagnosis and management in the field of orthopaedic oncology. In addition to the variability of presentation of the "standard" hyaline, myxoid or fibrous types of lesion, three unusual forms of the @entity2 are now recognized--mesenchymal, clear cell and dedifferentiated--which show differences in their biologic behavior. @entity4 , with only rare exception, are radio-resistant and show only a limited response to adjunctive chemotherapy. The optimal therapy at present is surgical, but clearly the type of surgical procedure selected should vary with the malignity and extent of the @entity2 in order to avoid either undertreatment (resulting in a high rate of local recurrence and/or distant metastases) or excessive and unnecessary sacrifice of normal tissue. @entity0 suspected of having @entity4 should be thoroughly evaluated by clinical examination, radiographic and special studies to define as fully as possible the site and extent of the @entity2 , the presence or absence of a soft-tissue mass and the existence of distant metastases. A biopsy should be performed through an incision which can be subsequently excised during the definition procedure. The tissue obtained should be graded histologically and the clinical and radiologic data added to define whether the lesion is benign or a low-grade or high-grade @entity4 . Using a special system recently described by Enneking and Spanier, the lesions should be evaluated on the basis of the grade (G1 or G2); the site of the lesion in relation to the anatomic compartments (T1 or T2) and the presence or absence of distant @entity1 (M0 or M1). Based on a scheme presented in this article, the appropriate one of four grades of surgical procedures should be chosen. For @entity2 , Grade I procedures (intralesional curettage or excision) are generally adequate. For Stage IA @entity2 , occasionally a Grade II procedure, marginal excision may be sufficient, but more frequently Grade III procedures (wide intracompartmental resections) are indicated. Stage IIA and IIB lesions should be treated with Grade III or Grade IV (radical resection) surgical procedures. The treatment of inoperable or Stage IV @entity2 (those with @entity1 ) is unsatisfactory and consists of palliative resections, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

title: The management of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trial findings show cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and graded exercise therapy (GET) can be effective treatments for @entity2 , but @entity0 ' organisations have reported that these treatments can be harmful and favour pacing and specialist health care. We aimed to assess effectiveness and safety of all four treatments. METHODS: In our parallel-group randomised trial, @entity0 meeting Oxford criteria for @entity2 were recruited from six secondary-care clinics in the UK and randomly allocated by computer-generated sequence to receive specialist medical care (SMC) alone or with adaptive pacing therapy (APT), CBT, or GET. Primary outcomes were @entity1 (measured by Chalder @entity1 questionnaire score) and physical function (measured by short form-36 subscale score) up to 52 weeks after randomisation, and safety was assessed primarily by recording all serious adverse events, including serious adverse reactions to trial treatments. Primary outcomes were rated by @entity0 , who were necessarily unmasked to treatment assignment; the statistician was masked to treatment assignment for the analysis of primary outcomes. We used longitudinal regression models to compare SMC alone with other treatments, APT with CBT, and APT with GET. The final analysis included all @entity0 for whom we had data for primary outcomes. This trial is registered at http://isrctn.org, number ISRCTN54285094. FINDINGS: We recruited 641 eligible @entity0 , of whom 160 were assigned to the APT group, 161 to the CBT group, 160 to the GET group, and 160 to the SMC-alone group. Compared with SMC alone, mean @entity1 scores at 52 weeks were 3  4 (95% CI 1  8 to 5  0) points lower for CBT (p = 0  0001) and 3  2 (1  7 to 4  8) points lower for GET (p = 0  0003), but did not differ for APT (0  7 [-0  9 to 2  3] points lower; p = 0  38). Compared with SMC alone, mean physical function scores were 7  1 (2  0 to 12  1) points higher for CBT (p = 0  0068) and 9  4 (4  4 to 14  4) points higher for GET (p = 0  0005), but did not differ for APT (3  4 [-1  6 to 8  4] points lower; p=0  18). Compared with APT, CBT and GET were associated with less @entity1 (CBT p = 0  0027; GET p = 0  0059) and better physical function (CBT p=0  0002; GET p<0  0001). Subgroup analysis of 427 @entity0 meeting international criteria for @entity2 and 329 @entity0 meeting London criteria for @entity2 yielded equivalent results. Serious adverse reactions were recorded in two (1%) of 159 @entity0 in the APT group, three (2%) of 161 in the CBT group, two (1%) of 160 in the GET group, and two (1%) of 160 in the SMC-alone group. INTERPRETATION: CBT and GET can safely be added to SMC to moderately improve outcomes for @entity2 , but APT is not an effective addition. FUNDING: UK Medical Research Council, Department of Health for England, Scottish Chief Scientist Office, Department for Work and Pensions.

title: Comparison of adaptive pacing therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, graded exercise therapy, and specialist medical care for XXXX (PACE): a randomised trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe our surgical en bloc approach and to assess the outcome and survival of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) invading the spine. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our prospective database of all @entity0 , who underwent lung resection with en bloc hemivertebrectomy or total vertebrectomy for @entity1 between January 2003 and December 2008 in an individualized multimodality treatment concept. Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank analyses were used to compare groups. RESULTS: Twenty-eight @entity0 (age 58.9    12.9 years) were diagnosed with @entity1 invading the spine at a single center. Eight of those @entity0 were inoperable. Twenty @entity0 proceeded to surgery with en bloc hemivertebrectomy (n = 16) or total vertebrectomy (n = 4). Six @entity0 had induction chemotherapy (30%). Complete resection could be achieved in 16 @entity0 (80%). Morbidity was observed in eight @entity0 (40%); no mortality occurred. Adjuvant radiation (n = 14) or chemoradiation (n = 6) was administered with 66 Gy. The mean survival and 5-year survival for @entity0 , who underwent surgery (n=20), were 46.0 months and 47%, respectively. Inoperable @entity0 had poorer survival (14.0 months; p = 0.004). Sublobar resections (p = 0.002) and incomplete resections (p = 0.02) were associated with inferior survival. @entity2 (p = 0.088), hemivertebrectomy (p = 0.062), and age < 70 years (p = 0.076) trended toward prolonged survival. CONCLUSIONS: Multimodality treatment including en bloc lung resections with hemivertebrectomy or total vertebrectomy offer promising long-term survival in highly selected @entity0 with @entity1 invading the spine. These extended resections can be performed with acceptable morbidity and mortality in specialized centers. @entity0 aged >=  70 years should be selected very carefully for radical resection. Sublobar resections should be avoided.

title: En bloc resection of XXXX invading the spine.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 is an inflammatory disorder of the vasculature that is orchestrated by the action of cytokines. Macrophages play a prominent role in all stages of this disease, including foam cell formation, production of reactive @entity1 species, modulation of the inflammatory response and the regulation of the stability of @entity2 . The role of the matrix metalloproteinase family in the control of plaque stability is well established. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS) family has been implicated in several diseases and the expression of @entity6 in macrophages of @entity2 has suggested a potential role for this protease in @entity2 . However, the action of cytokines on the expression of @entity6 in macrophages is poorly understood. We have investigated here the effect of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on @entity6 expression in macrophages along with the regulatory mechanisms underlying its actions. Consistent with the anti-atherogenic role of @entity5 , this cytokine decreased the expression of @entity6 mRNA and protein in @entity0 macrophages. Transient transfection assays showed that the -100 to +10 promoter region contained the minimal @entity5 response elements. Small-interfering RNA-mediated knockdown revealed a critical role for Smads, @entity4 mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity3 in the action of @entity5 on @entity6 mRNA expression. These studies show for the first time that @entity5 inhibits the expression of @entity6 in @entity0 macrophages and identifies the signalling pathways underlying this response. The inhibition of macrophage @entity6 expression is likely to contribute to the anti-atherogenic, plaque stabilisation action of @entity5 .

title: The expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 in @entity0 macrophages is inhibited by the anti-atherogenic cytokine @entity5 and requires Smads, XXXX mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 is an inflammatory disorder of the vasculature that is orchestrated by the action of cytokines. Macrophages play a prominent role in all stages of this disease, including foam cell formation, production of reactive @entity1 species, modulation of the inflammatory response and the regulation of the stability of @entity2 . The role of the matrix metalloproteinase family in the control of plaque stability is well established. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS) family has been implicated in several diseases and the expression of @entity6 in macrophages of @entity2 has suggested a potential role for this protease in @entity2 . However, the action of cytokines on the expression of @entity6 in macrophages is poorly understood. We have investigated here the effect of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on @entity6 expression in macrophages along with the regulatory mechanisms underlying its actions. Consistent with the anti-atherogenic role of @entity5 , this cytokine decreased the expression of @entity6 mRNA and protein in @entity0 macrophages. Transient transfection assays showed that the -100 to +10 promoter region contained the minimal @entity5 response elements. Small-interfering RNA-mediated knockdown revealed a critical role for Smads, @entity4 mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity3 in the action of @entity5 on @entity6 mRNA expression. These studies show for the first time that @entity5 inhibits the expression of @entity6 in @entity0 macrophages and identifies the signalling pathways underlying this response. The inhibition of macrophage @entity6 expression is likely to contribute to the anti-atherogenic, plaque stabilisation action of @entity5 .

title: The expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 in @entity0 macrophages is inhibited by the anti-atherogenic cytokine @entity5 and requires Smads, @entity4 mitogen-activated protein kinase and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 is an inflammatory disorder of the vasculature that is orchestrated by the action of cytokines. Macrophages play a prominent role in all stages of this disease, including foam cell formation, production of reactive @entity1 species, modulation of the inflammatory response and the regulation of the stability of @entity2 . The role of the matrix metalloproteinase family in the control of plaque stability is well established. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS) family has been implicated in several diseases and the expression of @entity6 in macrophages of @entity2 has suggested a potential role for this protease in @entity2 . However, the action of cytokines on the expression of @entity6 in macrophages is poorly understood. We have investigated here the effect of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on @entity6 expression in macrophages along with the regulatory mechanisms underlying its actions. Consistent with the anti-atherogenic role of @entity5 , this cytokine decreased the expression of @entity6 mRNA and protein in @entity0 macrophages. Transient transfection assays showed that the -100 to +10 promoter region contained the minimal @entity5 response elements. Small-interfering RNA-mediated knockdown revealed a critical role for Smads, @entity4 mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity3 in the action of @entity5 on @entity6 mRNA expression. These studies show for the first time that @entity5 inhibits the expression of @entity6 in @entity0 macrophages and identifies the signalling pathways underlying this response. The inhibition of macrophage @entity6 expression is likely to contribute to the anti-atherogenic, plaque stabilisation action of @entity5 .

title: The expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 in @entity0 macrophages is inhibited by the anti-atherogenic cytokine XXXX and requires Smads, @entity4 mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity2 is an inflammatory disorder of the vasculature that is orchestrated by the action of cytokines. Macrophages play a prominent role in all stages of this disease, including foam cell formation, production of reactive @entity1 species, modulation of the inflammatory response and the regulation of the stability of @entity2 . The role of the matrix metalloproteinase family in the control of plaque stability is well established. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif (ADAMTS) family has been implicated in several diseases and the expression of @entity6 in macrophages of @entity2 has suggested a potential role for this protease in @entity2 . However, the action of cytokines on the expression of @entity6 in macrophages is poorly understood. We have investigated here the effect of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on @entity6 expression in macrophages along with the regulatory mechanisms underlying its actions. Consistent with the anti-atherogenic role of @entity5 , this cytokine decreased the expression of @entity6 mRNA and protein in @entity0 macrophages. Transient transfection assays showed that the -100 to +10 promoter region contained the minimal @entity5 response elements. Small-interfering RNA-mediated knockdown revealed a critical role for Smads, @entity4 mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity3 in the action of @entity5 on @entity6 mRNA expression. These studies show for the first time that @entity5 inhibits the expression of @entity6 in @entity0 macrophages and identifies the signalling pathways underlying this response. The inhibition of macrophage @entity6 expression is likely to contribute to the anti-atherogenic, plaque stabilisation action of @entity5 .

title: The expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 in XXXX macrophages is inhibited by the anti-atherogenic cytokine @entity5 and requires Smads, @entity4 mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Intraosseous (IO) access has been used with good results in emergency situations, when venous access is not available for fluids and drugs infusion. The objective of this study was to evaluate IO a useful technique for anesthesia and fluids infusion during hemodynamic studies and when peripheral intravascular access is unobtainable. The setting was an university hospital hemodynamics unit, and the subjects were twenty one @entity0 with @entity2 enrolled for elective hemodynamic study diagnosis. METHODS: This study compared the effectiveness of IO access in relation to IV access for infusion of anesthetics agents ( @entity5 , @entity3 , and @entity4 ) and fluids during hemodynamic studies. The anesthetic induction time, procedure duration, anesthesia recovery time, adequate hydration, and IV and IO puncture complications were compared between groups. RESULTS: The puncture time was significantly smaller in IO group (3.6 min) that in IV group (9.6 min). The anesthetic onset time (56.3 second) for the IV group was faster than IO group (71.3 second). No significant difference between groups were found in relation to hydration (IV group, 315.5 mL vs IO group, 293.2 mL), and anesthesia recovery time (IO group, 65.2 min vs IV group, 55.0 min). The puncture site was reevaluated after 7 and 15 days without signs of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Results showed superiority for IO infusion when considering the puncture time of the procedure. Due to its easy manipulation and efficiency, hydration and anesthesia by IO access was satisfactory for hemodynamic studies without the necessity of other infusion access.

title: Intraosseous anesthesia in hemodynamic studies in XXXX with cardiopathy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spinal anesthesia is an integral part of the daily routine of countless anesthesiologists. It is considered to be a safe procedure, although some complications related to this technique, among them the most feared is @entity3 ( @entity3 , CA), do exist. The real incidence of CA related to spinal anesthesia, as well as its etiology, is not known and has motivated this review article. CONTENTS: Articles published in the last twenty years in Medline indexed journals and in a textbook were reviewed. The objective of the present review was to identify the incidence of @entity2 anesthesia-related CA and the etiology of those cases. We also tried to identify possible risk factors. Finally, treatment strategies described in the literature were reviewed in order to determine the best conduct when facing a case of CA during spinal anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of spinal anesthesia-related CA varies, and it seems to be lower when compared to that of general anesthesia. In the past, it was believed that CA was due to @entity1 related especially to excessive sedation. However, nowadays, it is known that the etiology of CA during @entity2 anesthesia is related to cardiocirculatory factors, mainly a reduction of preload resulting from sympathetic blockade. Other factors that increase the risk of developing CA also exist. Among those factors, the following should be mentioned: changes in @entity0 positioning and @entity5 . It is very important to institute treatment as soon as possible. Besides a vagolytic agent, early use of a sympathomimetic drug, especially @entity4 , is also recommended to minimize damage to the @entity0 .

title: XXXX in spinal anesthesia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of augmented soft tissue mobilization (ASTM) on the treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: This randomized clinical study assessed 27 subjects (12 @entity0 and 15 @entity0 ) with @entity2 and were divided randomly into 2 groups. The experimental group (n = 15) received ASTM twice a week for 5 weeks. The subjects of the control group (n = 12) received advice on the natural evolution of @entity2 , computer ergonomics, and stretching exercises. @entity0 -rated outcome was assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks and 3 months using a visual analog scale and the @entity0 -Rated @entity2 . The function was assessed using the @entity1 -free grip strength at baseline and after 6 weeks. RESULTS: Both groups showed improvements in @entity1 -free grip strength, visual analog scale, and @entity0 -Rated @entity2 . Sample size for larger future randomized clinical trial was 116 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: A larger study investigating the same hypothesis is warranted to detect difference in the effects of these treatments strategies. The study design is feasible, and minor improvements will help to minimize the potential bias.

title: Augmented soft tissue mobilization vs natural history in the treatment of XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: We recently reported that @entity5 pectin nasal spray (FPNS) provides superior @entity2 relief from breakthrough @entity1 (BTCP) compared with immediate-release @entity4 (IRMS), with significant effects by five minutes and clinically meaningful @entity2 relief from 10 minutes postdose. OBJECTIVES: To report the consistency of efficacy, tolerability, and @entity0 acceptability of FPNS vs. IRMS. METHODS: @entity0 (n=110) experiencing one to four BTCP episodes/day while taking >= 60 mg/day oral @entity4 (or equivalent) for background @entity2 entered a double-blind, double-dummy (DB/ @entity3 ), multiple-crossover study. Those who completed an open-label titration phase (n=84) continued to a DB/ @entity3 phase; 10 episodes were randomly treated with FPNS and overencapsulated placebo or IRMS and nasal spray placebo (five episodes each). @entity2 intensity (PI) and @entity2 relief scores were assessed. @entity0 acceptability scores were assessed at 30 and 60 minutes. Safety and tolerability were assessed by adverse events (AEs) and nasal assessments. RESULTS: Per-episode analysis revealed that FPNS consistently provided relief from @entity2 more rapidly than IRMS; by 10 minutes, there were significant differences in PI difference scores and in the percentages of episodes showing clinically meaningful @entity2 relief (P<0.05). Overall acceptability scores were significantly greater for FPNS than for IRMS at 30 (P<0.01) and 60 (P<0.05) minutes. @entity0 were "satisfied/very satisfied" with the convenience (79.8%) and ease of use (77.2%) of FPNS. Only 4.7% of @entity0 withdrew from titration because of AEs; no significant nasal effects were reported. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that FPNS is efficacious, well accepted, and well tolerated by @entity0 with BTCP.

title: Consistency of efficacy, @entity0 acceptability, and nasal tolerability of XXXX pectin nasal spray compared with immediate-release @entity4 in breakthrough @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: CONTEXT: We recently reported that @entity5 pectin nasal spray (FPNS) provides superior @entity2 relief from breakthrough @entity1 (BTCP) compared with immediate-release @entity4 (IRMS), with significant effects by five minutes and clinically meaningful @entity2 relief from 10 minutes postdose. OBJECTIVES: To report the consistency of efficacy, tolerability, and @entity0 acceptability of FPNS vs. IRMS. METHODS: @entity0 (n=110) experiencing one to four BTCP episodes/day while taking >= 60 mg/day oral @entity4 (or equivalent) for background @entity2 entered a double-blind, double-dummy (DB/ @entity3 ), multiple-crossover study. Those who completed an open-label titration phase (n=84) continued to a DB/ @entity3 phase; 10 episodes were randomly treated with FPNS and overencapsulated placebo or IRMS and nasal spray placebo (five episodes each). @entity2 intensity (PI) and @entity2 relief scores were assessed. @entity0 acceptability scores were assessed at 30 and 60 minutes. Safety and tolerability were assessed by adverse events (AEs) and nasal assessments. RESULTS: Per-episode analysis revealed that FPNS consistently provided relief from @entity2 more rapidly than IRMS; by 10 minutes, there were significant differences in PI difference scores and in the percentages of episodes showing clinically meaningful @entity2 relief (P<0.05). Overall acceptability scores were significantly greater for FPNS than for IRMS at 30 (P<0.01) and 60 (P<0.05) minutes. @entity0 were "satisfied/very satisfied" with the convenience (79.8%) and ease of use (77.2%) of FPNS. Only 4.7% of @entity0 withdrew from titration because of AEs; no significant nasal effects were reported. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that FPNS is efficacious, well accepted, and well tolerated by @entity0 with BTCP.

title: Consistency of efficacy, @entity0 acceptability, and nasal tolerability of @entity5 pectin nasal spray compared with immediate-release XXXX in breakthrough @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: CONTEXT: We recently reported that @entity5 pectin nasal spray (FPNS) provides superior @entity2 relief from breakthrough @entity1 (BTCP) compared with immediate-release @entity4 (IRMS), with significant effects by five minutes and clinically meaningful @entity2 relief from 10 minutes postdose. OBJECTIVES: To report the consistency of efficacy, tolerability, and @entity0 acceptability of FPNS vs. IRMS. METHODS: @entity0 (n=110) experiencing one to four BTCP episodes/day while taking >= 60 mg/day oral @entity4 (or equivalent) for background @entity2 entered a double-blind, double-dummy (DB/ @entity3 ), multiple-crossover study. Those who completed an open-label titration phase (n=84) continued to a DB/ @entity3 phase; 10 episodes were randomly treated with FPNS and overencapsulated placebo or IRMS and nasal spray placebo (five episodes each). @entity2 intensity (PI) and @entity2 relief scores were assessed. @entity0 acceptability scores were assessed at 30 and 60 minutes. Safety and tolerability were assessed by adverse events (AEs) and nasal assessments. RESULTS: Per-episode analysis revealed that FPNS consistently provided relief from @entity2 more rapidly than IRMS; by 10 minutes, there were significant differences in PI difference scores and in the percentages of episodes showing clinically meaningful @entity2 relief (P<0.05). Overall acceptability scores were significantly greater for FPNS than for IRMS at 30 (P<0.01) and 60 (P<0.05) minutes. @entity0 were "satisfied/very satisfied" with the convenience (79.8%) and ease of use (77.2%) of FPNS. Only 4.7% of @entity0 withdrew from titration because of AEs; no significant nasal effects were reported. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that FPNS is efficacious, well accepted, and well tolerated by @entity0 with BTCP.

title: Consistency of efficacy, @entity0 acceptability, and nasal tolerability of @entity5 pectin nasal spray compared with immediate-release @entity4 in breakthrough XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: We recently reported that @entity5 pectin nasal spray (FPNS) provides superior @entity2 relief from breakthrough @entity1 (BTCP) compared with immediate-release @entity4 (IRMS), with significant effects by five minutes and clinically meaningful @entity2 relief from 10 minutes postdose. OBJECTIVES: To report the consistency of efficacy, tolerability, and @entity0 acceptability of FPNS vs. IRMS. METHODS: @entity0 (n=110) experiencing one to four BTCP episodes/day while taking >= 60 mg/day oral @entity4 (or equivalent) for background @entity2 entered a double-blind, double-dummy (DB/ @entity3 ), multiple-crossover study. Those who completed an open-label titration phase (n=84) continued to a DB/ @entity3 phase; 10 episodes were randomly treated with FPNS and overencapsulated placebo or IRMS and nasal spray placebo (five episodes each). @entity2 intensity (PI) and @entity2 relief scores were assessed. @entity0 acceptability scores were assessed at 30 and 60 minutes. Safety and tolerability were assessed by adverse events (AEs) and nasal assessments. RESULTS: Per-episode analysis revealed that FPNS consistently provided relief from @entity2 more rapidly than IRMS; by 10 minutes, there were significant differences in PI difference scores and in the percentages of episodes showing clinically meaningful @entity2 relief (P<0.05). Overall acceptability scores were significantly greater for FPNS than for IRMS at 30 (P<0.01) and 60 (P<0.05) minutes. @entity0 were "satisfied/very satisfied" with the convenience (79.8%) and ease of use (77.2%) of FPNS. Only 4.7% of @entity0 withdrew from titration because of AEs; no significant nasal effects were reported. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that FPNS is efficacious, well accepted, and well tolerated by @entity0 with BTCP.

title: Consistency of efficacy, XXXX acceptability, and nasal tolerability of @entity5 pectin nasal spray compared with immediate-release @entity4 in breakthrough @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: We categorize the subtypes of the @entity0 ( @entity0 ) and evaluate the clinical implications. METHODS: Thirty-four cases of the @entity0 were evaluated retrospectively using multidetector computed tomography. We categorized them into the three @entity0 subtypes according to pancreatic penetration and the passing routes. The distance between the orifice of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity0 bifurcation (D @entity2 - @entity0 ) was measured using advanced 3D imaging software. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the difference in D @entity2 - @entity0 according to the @entity0 subtype. RESULTS: Type A (n  =  17, 50  %) referred to @entity0 penetrating the @entity1 , all crossing the dorsal aspect of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). Among them, three cases were accompanied by the circumportal pancreas. Type B (n  =  10, 29  %) referred to @entity0 without penetration of the @entity1 and crossing of the dorsal aspect of the main portal vein ( @entity3 ) or SMV. Type C (n  =  7, 21  %) referred to @entity0 without penetration of the pancreas parenchyma and crossing of the ventral aspect of the @entity3 or SMV. The mean D @entity2 - @entity0 of each subtype was as follows: type A, 3.13  cm [95  % confidence interval (CI) 2.70-3.57]; type B, 2.04  cm [95  % CI 1.40-2.68]; and type C, 2.14  cm [95  % CI 2.23-2.92]. The D @entity2 - @entity0 of the penetrating @entity1 of the @entity0 was significantly longer than that of the non-penetrating @entity1 (P  =  0.007). CONCLUSION: Half of @entity0 show penetrating the @entity1 , which was categorized as type A, and this type A takes off from the @entity2 more distally than @entity0 without intrapancreatic penetration.

title: Replaced common hepatic artery from the XXXX : multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) classification focused on pancreatic penetration and the course of travel.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 is a rare but potentially fatal entity in neonates. The aim of this study was to provide valuable data for diagnosis, management and prevention of @entity1 in preterm @entity0 . METHODS: A retrospective chart review was made for @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 between 2012 and 2015. Methods included clinical and radiological review of records and evaluation of potential risk factors. RESULTS: A total of three @entity0 with @entity1 were identified. All of them had low birth weight and low gestational age. Predisposing factors included prematurity, late @entity2 , umbilical catheterization, @entity4 and previous antibiotic therapy. Isolated organisms from blood included Staphylococcus spp. in two cases and @entity3 spp. in one case. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first preterm case of @entity1 caused by @entity3 in the literature. All @entity0 responded well to antibiotic therapy alone, and no interventional drainage was required. CONCLUSION: We suggest evaluating all preterm neonates who have severe @entity2 and/or @entity4 signs and who do not respond to prolonged antibiotic therapy with detailed abdominal ultrasound for possible @entity1 as early diagnosis, and treatment favors prognosis.

title: Hepatic Abscesses in Preterm XXXX : Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: Croton membranaceus root and leaf extracts are used in the Bahamas to aromatize @entity2 , in Nigeria to improve digestion, and in Ghana, for @entity7 . Despite claims of success there is paucity of information on its @entity1 . The aim of this study was to determine if Croton membranaceus has acute @entity1 properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Roots were air-dried in a solar dryer for one week before milling. The powder was extracted with 96% @entity8 , freeze-dried and re-extracted with distilled water and freeze-dried. 15 male @entity0 (180-200 g) were divided equally into 2 treatment groups [low dose (LD) and @entity10 ( @entity10 )], plus a control group (C). LD and @entity10 received 1500 and 3000 mg/kg b.wt. Croton membranaceus aqueous extract, respectively, one time and observed for 14 days. Haematological [Full Blood Count and haemoglobin (Hb)], biochemical [ @entity5 , @entity4 aminotransferase (ALA), @entity3 aminotransferase (AST), total protein, albumin, globulin, alkaline phosphatise (ALP), y-glutamyltranspetidase (GGT), @entity9 , @entity6 , @entity6 kinase - Muscle and Brain (CK-MB), @entity6 kinase - Total ( @entity11 )] examinations were performed. RESULTS: Control group's CK-MB (5444  534 U/L) and LD group CK-MB (4014  1016 U/L) were significantly different (p<0.05). Control and the @entity10 group CK-MB (3955  1135 U/L) were significantly different (p<0.05). Both LD and @entity10 @entity11 levels (697  197U/L and 732  203 U/L, respectively), were lower than the control (1139  220 U/L) at 48 h and 14 days (p<0.05, p<0.05, respectively). y-GT levels of the @entity10 group was 4.8  0.4 U/L compared to the Control group value of 0.9  0.2 U/L (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Taking all factors into consideration, Croton membranaceus ingestion does not produce general acute @entity1 . However, its @entity6 kinase lowering ability could be explored.

title: Acute XXXX studies of Croton membranaceus root extract.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity1 , including @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ), affect millions of U.S. adults and are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. There is some uncertainty regarding the utility of certain screening tests for prevention of @entity1 and mortality. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Current guidelines and studies pertaining to @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity5 , and @entity4 screening in the adult population were reviewed. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: @entity2 risk can be estimated by the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), which is valuable in identifying high-risk asymptomatic adults who may benefit from preventive treatments. There is moderate certainty that the benefits of screening do not outweigh the harms for individuals with asymptomatic @entity3 . The potential harms associated with routine @entity5 screening in asymptomatic adults are also likely to exceed benefits. Ultrasonography is a safe, noninvasive, and reliable screening test used to identify AAAs for treatment in @entity0 aged >65 years who have ever smoked. CONCLUSIONS: American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM) recommends @entity2 risk assessment using the FRS to guide risk-based therapy. ACPM does not recommend routine screening of the general adult population using electrocardiogram, exercise-stress testing, computed tomography scanning, ankle-brachial index, carotid intima medial thickness, or emerging risk factors, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). ACPM does not recommend routine screening of the general adult population for @entity3 or @entity5 . ACPM recommends one-time @entity4 screening in @entity0 aged 65-75 years who have ever smoked. Routine @entity4 screening in @entity0 is not recommended.

title: XXXX disease screening in adults: American College Of Preventive Medicine position statement on preventive practice.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endometriosis is a common, @entity4 in which angiogenesis may be involved in the growth of endometrium outside the uterus. microRNAs (miRNAs) are 21-22 @entity6 non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play fundamental roles in biological processes. The objective of this study was to analyze several miRNAs related to angiogenesis and the angiogenic factors, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ), in @entity5 ( @entity2 , @entity8 and rectovaginal nodule) and eutopic endometrium from @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: TaqMan real-time PCR was used to assess the expression of the miRNAs ( @entity12 , -16, -17-5p, -20a, -21, -125a, -221 and -222), while @entity1 and @entity7 mRNA were assessed by real-time PCR, with SYBR Green I and @entity1 and @entity7 protein levels were quantified by ELISA. Included in the study were 58 @entity0 with @entity3 and 38 control @entity0 . RESULTS: In paired samples, @entity2 showed significantly lower @entity1 mRNA (P = 0.02) and protein (P = 0.002) expression than eutopic endometrium and higher expression of @entity9 (P = 0.003) and @entity10 (P <0.001). However, @entity2 had significantly higher expression of the angiogenic inhibitor @entity7 and lower expression of @entity11 than eutopic endometrium (P < 0.001). Moreover, a significant inverse correlations between @entity10 and @entity1 protein levels (-0.267, P = 0.018) and between @entity11 and @entity7 protein levels (-0.260, P=0.022) were observed. Peritoneal lesions showed a significant increase in @entity1 in comparison with @entity2 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Expression levels of miRNAs related to angiogenesis were different in eutopic endometrium from that observed in @entity2 . This could influence the expression of angiogenic factors and play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity3 .

title: microRNAs expression in XXXX and their relation to angiogenic factors.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Locally advanced @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 suffer from a high local failure rate following radiotherapy. Despite many efforts to develop new dose-volume models for early detection of @entity2 local failure, there was no reported significant improvement in their application prospectively. Based on recent studies of biomarker proteins' role in @entity4 and @entity3 in predicting @entity2 response to radiotherapy, we hypothesize that combining physical and biological factors with a suitable framework could improve the overall prediction. To test this hypothesis, we propose a graphical Bayesian network framework for predicting @entity1 . The proposed approach was tested using two different datasets of locally advanced @entity5 @entity0 treated with radiotherapy. The first dataset was collected retrospectively, which comprises clinical and dosimetric variables only. The second dataset was collected prospectively in which in addition to clinical and dosimetric information, blood was drawn from the @entity0 at various time points to extract candidate biomarkers as well. Our preliminary results show that the proposed method can be used as an efficient method to develop predictive models of local failure in these @entity0 and to interpret relationships among the different variables in the models. We also demonstrate the potential use of heterogeneous physical and biological variables to improve the model prediction. With the first dataset, we achieved better performance compared with competing Bayesian-based classifiers. With the second dataset, the combined model had a slightly higher performance compared to individual physical and biological models, with the biological variables making the largest contribution. Our preliminary results highlight the potential of the proposed integrated approach for predicting post-radiotherapy local failure in @entity5 @entity0 .

title: A Bayesian network approach for modeling XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Between 1978 and 1983 a total of 33 @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) involving the gastrointestinal tract were seen in our institution. Pathological classification was performed according to Kiel. Low grade @entity4 was diagnosed in 17, high grade @entity4 in 16 @entity0 . The most frequent histological entity was lymphoplasmocytoid immunocytoma (11 @entity0 ). The most common sites of origin were the stomach (23 @entity0 ) and the ileocecal region (6 @entity0 ). The majority of @entity0 presented with stage I and II disease (20 of 33 @entity0 ). As a rule primary therapy consisted of surgery with curative intent. Most of the @entity0 received additional chemotherapy or radiotherapy. @entity0 with @entity1 resection showed long-term survival from 12+ to 57+ months (mean 32.9+ months). @entity0 with @entity3 (stage III and IV) and only palliative surgery or with @entity2 had a probability of survival of less than 12 months.

title: XXXX presenting with gastrointestinal involvement.

answer: @entity4


abstract: During a 12 year period, 110 @entity0 were submitted to surgery for @entity6 . The pathologic process was @entity4 in 65, @entity7 in 28, @entity2 in 5, aortoarteritis in 2 and 3 miscellaneous lesions. Operative procedures used on 148 renal arteries have been: nephrectomy (12), reconstructive surgery (133). Among them: endarterectomy (89), aorto-renal grafts (20) venous, dacron or arterial autografts, resection and @entity1 (10), direct reimplantation (8), angioplasty (5), arterial spleno-renal @entity1 (1). Postoperative arteriograms have been obtained in 98% of the @entity0 , 4 occlusions occurred in aorto renal grafts, no @entity3 in endarterectomy. Progression of @entity5 and @entity4 was observed in 5 @entity0 . The overall clinical results show: cure 55%, improvement 34% and no change 11%. With a difference between @entity4 (45% cured, 40% improved, 15% no change) and @entity7 (63% cured, 29% improved and 8% no change). Several parameters are studied correlated with the surgical result. This series support interest to treat operatively @entity6 : 89% of @entity0 benefited from surgery.

title: Results following surgical XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The incorporation of antitachycardia pacing ( @entity5 ) into @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has provided a better tolerated alternative to shocks. @entity5 has been shown to be effective in terminating approximately 80% to 90% of spontaneous @entity6 ( @entity6 ) episodes. Although @entity5 is routinely used, little is known about predictors of @entity5 failure. Based on the evaluation of stored electrograms, we aimed to prospectively follow @entity0 with @entity4 , and to analyze parameters affecting @entity5 effectiveness. One hundred eighteen consecutive @entity0 received @entity4 for standard indications. Before discharge, empirical, standardized @entity5 therapy was programmed in all @entity0 within @entity6 zones. A total of 1,218 spontaneous @entity3 episodes occurred in 51 @entity0 during a mean follow-up of 24.5 +/- 12 months. Among these, 888 VTs were diagnosed. One hundred four fast VTs were detected in the @entity8 zone and treated with primary shock delivery. @entity5 was attempted 881 times in the remaining 784 @entity6 episodes. @entity5 terminated 640 VTs successfully, @entity5 failed in 55 VTs finally reverted by shocks, and 89 VTs converted to a slower @entity6 outside the @entity6 zone. Fifty-one of these slower VTs reverted spontaneously, and 38 were redetected and treated. Finally, in primary intention-to-treat basis, @entity5 was successful in 691 VTs (88%) and unsuccessful in 93 VTs (12%). There was no influence of @entity6 cycle length on @entity5 success rate. Furthermore, @entity5 efficacy was similar between @entity0 with left ventricular ejection fraction < or =35% or >35%, between daytime and nighttime, as well as between @entity0 with @entity1 or nonischemic @entity2 . A faster heart rate immediately preceding the onset of @entity6 (103 +/- 19 vs 78 +/- 14 beats/min, respectively, hazard ratio 4.08, 95% confidence interval 2.11 to 7.89, p <0.001), and absence of beta-blocker therapy (82% vs 93%, respectively, hazard ratio 2.71, 95% confidence interval 1.72 to 4.29, p = 0.02) were found, by Cox proportional-hazard analysis, to be the sole independent predictors of @entity5 ineffectiveness in @entity7 recipients. Thus, the present study identified both preceding @entity9 (reflecting an increased sympathetic tone) and lack of beta-blocker use as independent risk factors for reduced success of @entity5 therapy in terminating @entity6 . Therefore, modification of sympathetic tone may be beneficial for @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Effect of elevated heart rate preceding the onset of XXXX on antitachycardia pacing effectiveness in @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The incorporation of antitachycardia pacing ( @entity5 ) into @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has provided a better tolerated alternative to shocks. @entity5 has been shown to be effective in terminating approximately 80% to 90% of spontaneous @entity6 ( @entity6 ) episodes. Although @entity5 is routinely used, little is known about predictors of @entity5 failure. Based on the evaluation of stored electrograms, we aimed to prospectively follow @entity0 with @entity4 , and to analyze parameters affecting @entity5 effectiveness. One hundred eighteen consecutive @entity0 received @entity4 for standard indications. Before discharge, empirical, standardized @entity5 therapy was programmed in all @entity0 within @entity6 zones. A total of 1,218 spontaneous @entity3 episodes occurred in 51 @entity0 during a mean follow-up of 24.5 +/- 12 months. Among these, 888 VTs were diagnosed. One hundred four fast VTs were detected in the @entity8 zone and treated with primary shock delivery. @entity5 was attempted 881 times in the remaining 784 @entity6 episodes. @entity5 terminated 640 VTs successfully, @entity5 failed in 55 VTs finally reverted by shocks, and 89 VTs converted to a slower @entity6 outside the @entity6 zone. Fifty-one of these slower VTs reverted spontaneously, and 38 were redetected and treated. Finally, in primary intention-to-treat basis, @entity5 was successful in 691 VTs (88%) and unsuccessful in 93 VTs (12%). There was no influence of @entity6 cycle length on @entity5 success rate. Furthermore, @entity5 efficacy was similar between @entity0 with left ventricular ejection fraction < or =35% or >35%, between daytime and nighttime, as well as between @entity0 with @entity1 or nonischemic @entity2 . A faster heart rate immediately preceding the onset of @entity6 (103 +/- 19 vs 78 +/- 14 beats/min, respectively, hazard ratio 4.08, 95% confidence interval 2.11 to 7.89, p <0.001), and absence of beta-blocker therapy (82% vs 93%, respectively, hazard ratio 2.71, 95% confidence interval 1.72 to 4.29, p = 0.02) were found, by Cox proportional-hazard analysis, to be the sole independent predictors of @entity5 ineffectiveness in @entity7 recipients. Thus, the present study identified both preceding @entity9 (reflecting an increased sympathetic tone) and lack of beta-blocker use as independent risk factors for reduced success of @entity5 therapy in terminating @entity6 . Therefore, modification of sympathetic tone may be beneficial for @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Effect of elevated heart rate preceding the onset of @entity6 on antitachycardia pacing effectiveness in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The incorporation of antitachycardia pacing ( @entity5 ) into @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has provided a better tolerated alternative to shocks. @entity5 has been shown to be effective in terminating approximately 80% to 90% of spontaneous @entity6 ( @entity6 ) episodes. Although @entity5 is routinely used, little is known about predictors of @entity5 failure. Based on the evaluation of stored electrograms, we aimed to prospectively follow @entity0 with @entity4 , and to analyze parameters affecting @entity5 effectiveness. One hundred eighteen consecutive @entity0 received @entity4 for standard indications. Before discharge, empirical, standardized @entity5 therapy was programmed in all @entity0 within @entity6 zones. A total of 1,218 spontaneous @entity3 episodes occurred in 51 @entity0 during a mean follow-up of 24.5 +/- 12 months. Among these, 888 VTs were diagnosed. One hundred four fast VTs were detected in the @entity8 zone and treated with primary shock delivery. @entity5 was attempted 881 times in the remaining 784 @entity6 episodes. @entity5 terminated 640 VTs successfully, @entity5 failed in 55 VTs finally reverted by shocks, and 89 VTs converted to a slower @entity6 outside the @entity6 zone. Fifty-one of these slower VTs reverted spontaneously, and 38 were redetected and treated. Finally, in primary intention-to-treat basis, @entity5 was successful in 691 VTs (88%) and unsuccessful in 93 VTs (12%). There was no influence of @entity6 cycle length on @entity5 success rate. Furthermore, @entity5 efficacy was similar between @entity0 with left ventricular ejection fraction < or =35% or >35%, between daytime and nighttime, as well as between @entity0 with @entity1 or nonischemic @entity2 . A faster heart rate immediately preceding the onset of @entity6 (103 +/- 19 vs 78 +/- 14 beats/min, respectively, hazard ratio 4.08, 95% confidence interval 2.11 to 7.89, p <0.001), and absence of beta-blocker therapy (82% vs 93%, respectively, hazard ratio 2.71, 95% confidence interval 1.72 to 4.29, p = 0.02) were found, by Cox proportional-hazard analysis, to be the sole independent predictors of @entity5 ineffectiveness in @entity7 recipients. Thus, the present study identified both preceding @entity9 (reflecting an increased sympathetic tone) and lack of beta-blocker use as independent risk factors for reduced success of @entity5 therapy in terminating @entity6 . Therefore, modification of sympathetic tone may be beneficial for @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Effect of elevated heart rate preceding the onset of @entity6 on antitachycardia pacing effectiveness in XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity is essential for remodeling of @entity1 tissue. The @entity0 hindlimb @entity1 model exhibits tissue remodeling including revascularization in part due to angiogenesis. @entity5 are type IV collagenases necessary for basement membrane degradation as a part of extracellular matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) contain @entity2 , and in the presence of @entity4 , are able to activate proMMP-2 in vitro. Activation of @entity5 may be essential in @entity1 limbs both for tissue remodeling and revascularization via angiogenesis. We hypothesized that @entity5 would be activated following acute hindlimb @entity1 (HI), and this activation would be temporally related to PMN infiltration. DESIGN OF STUDY: HI was achieved by unilateral femoral artery ligation in 20 FVB/ @entity0 . Five @entity0 underwent sham operation without hindlimb @entity1 . Gastrocnemius muscle was harvested from both hindlimbs at 1, 3, 14, and 30 days following ligation and assayed for @entity5 (gelatin zymography), and @entity4 (Western blotting). @entity5 expression and activation were analyzed by gelatin zymography and quantified by densitometry with NIH Image Analysis software. Neutrophils per high power field were counted. The results were expressed as a ratio of @entity1 to nonischemic limbs and compared at each time point using ANOVA. RESULTS: Zymographic analysis revealed a 212% increase in active @entity3 3 days postligation (P <.05). Active @entity2 reached its maximum level (800% over baseline) on postoperative day 3 and continued to be elevated on day 14 (737% over baseline) (P <.05). The increase in active @entity5 levels paralleled PMN infiltration that also peaked 3 days postligation (1184% over baseline) (P <.05). PMN count, @entity5 all returned to baseline levels by postoperative Day 30. @entity4 was present in tissue samples from all time points as confirmed by Western blot. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 causes an early activation of @entity5 in temporal relation to PMN infiltration. HI may prime PMNs, leading to their sequestration in @entity1 tissue. Primed PMNs, along with constitutively expressed @entity4 , may activate @entity5 and enable tissue remodeling essential for limb revascularization and angiogenesis.

title: Temporal expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases-2, -9, and @entity4 following acute hindlimb XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity is essential for remodeling of @entity1 tissue. The @entity0 hindlimb @entity1 model exhibits tissue remodeling including revascularization in part due to angiogenesis. @entity5 are type IV collagenases necessary for basement membrane degradation as a part of extracellular matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) contain @entity2 , and in the presence of @entity4 , are able to activate proMMP-2 in vitro. Activation of @entity5 may be essential in @entity1 limbs both for tissue remodeling and revascularization via angiogenesis. We hypothesized that @entity5 would be activated following acute hindlimb @entity1 (HI), and this activation would be temporally related to PMN infiltration. DESIGN OF STUDY: HI was achieved by unilateral femoral artery ligation in 20 FVB/ @entity0 . Five @entity0 underwent sham operation without hindlimb @entity1 . Gastrocnemius muscle was harvested from both hindlimbs at 1, 3, 14, and 30 days following ligation and assayed for @entity5 (gelatin zymography), and @entity4 (Western blotting). @entity5 expression and activation were analyzed by gelatin zymography and quantified by densitometry with NIH Image Analysis software. Neutrophils per high power field were counted. The results were expressed as a ratio of @entity1 to nonischemic limbs and compared at each time point using ANOVA. RESULTS: Zymographic analysis revealed a 212% increase in active @entity3 3 days postligation (P <.05). Active @entity2 reached its maximum level (800% over baseline) on postoperative day 3 and continued to be elevated on day 14 (737% over baseline) (P <.05). The increase in active @entity5 levels paralleled PMN infiltration that also peaked 3 days postligation (1184% over baseline) (P <.05). PMN count, @entity5 all returned to baseline levels by postoperative Day 30. @entity4 was present in tissue samples from all time points as confirmed by Western blot. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 causes an early activation of @entity5 in temporal relation to PMN infiltration. HI may prime PMNs, leading to their sequestration in @entity1 tissue. Primed PMNs, along with constitutively expressed @entity4 , may activate @entity5 and enable tissue remodeling essential for limb revascularization and angiogenesis.

title: Temporal expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases-2, -9, and XXXX following acute hindlimb @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiation effects make operative dissection difficult, impair subsequent healing, and increase morbidity. This study evaluates tissue reinforcement of the irradiated bronchus as a modality to reduce morbidity after lobectomy for @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all @entity0 who had preoperative radiotherapy before lobectomy for @entity1 between May 1977 and June 2000. RESULTS: There were 56 @entity0 (33 @entity0 and 23 @entity0 ) who ranged in age from 42 to 80 years (median, 59 years). Bronchial stump reinforcement included no coverage in 24 @entity0 (42.8%), mediastinal tissue (parietal pleura, pericardial fat, or azygos vein) in 16 (28.6%), and muscle (serratus anterior) in 16 (28.6%). Median preoperative radiation dose was 4,600 cGy (range, 3,000 to 9,810 cGy) and did not differ between the groups. There were three @entity3 (13%) in the no coverage group, one (6%) in the mediastinal tissue group, and one (6%) in the muscle group (NS). Pulmonary complication rate was 67% in the no coverage group, 44% in the mediastinal group, and 25% in the muscle group (p = 0.03). Median duration of chest tube drainage was 8 days in the no coverage group, 6 days in the mediastinal group, and 5 days in the muscle group (p = 0.006). Median hospital stay was 13 days in the no coverage group, 9 days in the mediastinal group, and 7 days in the muscle group (p = 0.02). @entity0 in the muscle group had reduced hospital stay, duration of chest tube drainage, and @entity5 compared with the other two groups (p < 0.05). Subjectively, presence and magnitude of @entity4 , range of motion, and strength of the upper extremity of the muscle flap side were not different between the groups (p = NS). Follow-up was complete and ranged from 4 to 147 months (median, 17 months). CONCLUSIONS: Tissue reinforcement of the irradiated bronchus after lobectomy reduces postoperative morbidity and hospitalization. @entity2 may be preferred.

title: Management of the irradiated bronchus after lobectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The coagulation and fibrinolytic function of 100 cases (male 75, female 25) of @entity1 limited to the head was evaluated in acute phase. The coagulation and fibrinolytic function was evaluated by 6 parameters, consisting of platelet counts, PT, APTT, fibrinogen, serum @entity10 , and protamine @entity5 test. @entity4 was categorized into 5 groups according to CT findings: subdural @entity7 (SDH: 13 cases), @entity2 (CC: 46 cases), @entity8 (EDH: 21 cases), skull @entity3 only (Fr: 14 cases), and cerebral concussion (Co: 6 cases). The results were as follows, in 19 dead cases, severe @entity6 was observed. In @entity1 group (SDH + CC), serum @entity10 level was markedly elevated. The incidence of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) following @entity4 was 24% (in dead cases 73.7% in survival cases 12.3%) of all cases, and mortality of cases with @entity9 was exceedingly high (58.3%). In 14 dead cases with @entity9 , the @entity0 did not recover from @entity9 , and their mean survival time was only 89.2 hours. In 10 survival cases with @entity9 , the @entity0 recovered from @entity9 . APTT was the most important to estimate the mortality of @entity4 . Thus, the evaluation of coagulation and fibrinolytic function in @entity4 in acute phase is not only important to know the occurrence of @entity9 , but also useful to predict the severity and prognosis of @entity4 .

title: [Disturbance of the coagulatory system in @entity0 with XXXX in acute phase].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The coagulation and fibrinolytic function of 100 cases (male 75, female 25) of @entity1 limited to the head was evaluated in acute phase. The coagulation and fibrinolytic function was evaluated by 6 parameters, consisting of platelet counts, PT, APTT, fibrinogen, serum @entity10 , and protamine @entity5 test. @entity4 was categorized into 5 groups according to CT findings: subdural @entity7 (SDH: 13 cases), @entity2 (CC: 46 cases), @entity8 (EDH: 21 cases), skull @entity3 only (Fr: 14 cases), and cerebral concussion (Co: 6 cases). The results were as follows, in 19 dead cases, severe @entity6 was observed. In @entity1 group (SDH + CC), serum @entity10 level was markedly elevated. The incidence of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) following @entity4 was 24% (in dead cases 73.7% in survival cases 12.3%) of all cases, and mortality of cases with @entity9 was exceedingly high (58.3%). In 14 dead cases with @entity9 , the @entity0 did not recover from @entity9 , and their mean survival time was only 89.2 hours. In 10 survival cases with @entity9 , the @entity0 recovered from @entity9 . APTT was the most important to estimate the mortality of @entity4 . Thus, the evaluation of coagulation and fibrinolytic function in @entity4 in acute phase is not only important to know the occurrence of @entity9 , but also useful to predict the severity and prognosis of @entity4 .

title: [Disturbance of the coagulatory system in XXXX with @entity4 in acute phase].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate objectively and subjectively the long-term outcome of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in @entity0 with high and very high @entity1 . SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany. METHODS: Thirty-three eyes of 19 @entity0 were followed for a mean of 76 months (range 50 to 84 months) after primary LASIK using the Keratom I excimer laser (Schwind) and the @entity2 microkeratome (Chiron). Refraction, glare, pachymetry, corneal topography, and tear-film secretion and stability were measured. At the last examination, @entity0 also answered a 14-item questionnaire. RESULTS: Preoperatively, the mean spherical equivalent was -13.65 diopters (D). At 1 year, it was -0.25 D and after 6 years, -0.88 D. Fifteen percent of eyes lost > or =2 lines of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), and 9% gained > or =2 Snellen lines. At the end of the study, 46% of eyes were within +/-1.0 D of the attempted corrected and 88% were within +/-3.0 D. There were 5 microkeratome-associated complications; 3 resulted in loss of BSCVA. The latest pachymetry showed a mean corneal thickness of 498.5 microm (range 396 to 552 microm). There were no cases of keratectasia. Seventy-five percent of @entity0 noted an increase in their quality of life. Seventy-one percent were satisfied with their postoperative visual acuity; however, 75% noticed glare and halos at night. CONCLUSIONS: Laser in situ keratomileusis correction of very high @entity1 did not cause keratectasia in the long term provided the corneal thickness was respected. A flap thickness setting of 130 microm with a first-generation microkeratome resulted in a high number of cut failures. Most @entity0 were happy with the results despite a modest level of accuracy and glare.

title: Six-year follow-up of laser in situ keratomileusis for moderate and extreme XXXX using a first-generation excimer laser and microkeratome.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Endorectal coil MRI (endoMRI) of the prostate is useful to evaluate @entity1 localization. There is little evidence on @entity0 characteristics affecting its diagnostic performance. We evaluate the influence of clinical and histological parameters on the accuracy of endoMRI. METHODS: Sixty-nine @entity0 with @entity2 were included. After virtually dividing the prostate into pixels of 1 cm2, results of endoMRI were compared with those from prostatectomy specimens' whole-mount sections. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to calculate the impact of clinical and histological parameters on the number of appropriately described pixels. RESULTS: In 9, no @entity1 could be demonstrated by endoMRI. 48.3% of @entity0 were staged correctly, 23.3% were over- and 28.3% understaged. Mean rates of correctly labeled pixels were 0.44 (   0.04 SEM) for @entity1 and 0.90 (   0.01) for benign segments. In univariate analysis, the rate of correctly labeled @entity1 segments showed significant positive correlations with Gleason score >= 7 and negative correlations with prostate weight and multifocality. The rate of correctly labeled benign segments showed significant negative correlation with @entity1 weight. All factors were independent variables in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The reliability of endoMRI depends on clinical parameters. Higher Gleason scores, unifocal @entity1 and smaller prostate volumes ameliorate endoMRI performance.

title: Impact of clinical parameters on the diagnostic accuracy of endorectal coil MRI for the detection of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD) are frequent in @entity0 with @entity3 and cause considerable stress to @entity0 and their carers. Antipsychotics have been widely used as a first-line treatment, resulting in an estimated 1,800 excess @entity1 and 1,600 excess deaths in the UK alone. Safe and effective alternatives are urgently needed. Based upon preliminary evidence from clinical trials, aromatherapy with melissa oil may be such an alternative, but initial studies have been modest in size, and adequate blinding has been problematic. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of melissa aromatherapy in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 in an adequately powered and robustly blinded randomized controlled trial comparing it with @entity5 , an anticholinesterase drug used with some benefit to treat BPSD. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The study was a double-blind parallel-group placebo-controlled randomized trial across 3 specialist old age psychiatry centres in England. @entity0 had probable or possible @entity3 , were resident in a care home, had clinically significant @entity4 (defined as a score of 39 or above on the Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory) and were free of antipsychotics and/or anticholinesterase for at least 2 weeks. @entity0 were allocated to 1 of 3 groups: placebo medication and active aromatherapy; active medication and placebo aromatherapy or placebo of both. MAIN OUTCOME: The primary outcome measure was reduction in @entity4 as assessed by the Pittsburgh Agitation Scale (PAS) at 4 weeks. This is an observational scale, and raters were required to wear nose clips to ensure that full blinding was maintained. The PAS, @entity2 Inventory (NPI; another measure of BPSD) and other outcome measures were completed at baseline, 4-week and 12-week follow-ups. 114 @entity0 were randomized, of whom 94 completed the week 4 assessment and 81 completed the week 12 assessment. Aromatherapy and @entity5 were well tolerated. There were no significant differences between aromatherapy, @entity5 and placebo at week 4 and week 12, but importantly there were substantial improvements in all 3 groups with an 18% improvement in the PAS and a 37% improvement in the NPI over 12 weeks. CONCLUSION: When assessed using a rigorous design which ensures blinding of treatment arms, there is no evidence that melissa aromatherapy is superior to placebo or @entity5 , in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 . However, the sizeable improvement in the placebo group emphasizes the potential non-specific benefits of touch and interaction in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of Melissa officinalis oil and XXXX for the treatment of @entity4 in @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD) are frequent in @entity0 with @entity3 and cause considerable stress to @entity0 and their carers. Antipsychotics have been widely used as a first-line treatment, resulting in an estimated 1,800 excess @entity1 and 1,600 excess deaths in the UK alone. Safe and effective alternatives are urgently needed. Based upon preliminary evidence from clinical trials, aromatherapy with melissa oil may be such an alternative, but initial studies have been modest in size, and adequate blinding has been problematic. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of melissa aromatherapy in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 in an adequately powered and robustly blinded randomized controlled trial comparing it with @entity5 , an anticholinesterase drug used with some benefit to treat BPSD. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The study was a double-blind parallel-group placebo-controlled randomized trial across 3 specialist old age psychiatry centres in England. @entity0 had probable or possible @entity3 , were resident in a care home, had clinically significant @entity4 (defined as a score of 39 or above on the Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory) and were free of antipsychotics and/or anticholinesterase for at least 2 weeks. @entity0 were allocated to 1 of 3 groups: placebo medication and active aromatherapy; active medication and placebo aromatherapy or placebo of both. MAIN OUTCOME: The primary outcome measure was reduction in @entity4 as assessed by the Pittsburgh Agitation Scale (PAS) at 4 weeks. This is an observational scale, and raters were required to wear nose clips to ensure that full blinding was maintained. The PAS, @entity2 Inventory (NPI; another measure of BPSD) and other outcome measures were completed at baseline, 4-week and 12-week follow-ups. 114 @entity0 were randomized, of whom 94 completed the week 4 assessment and 81 completed the week 12 assessment. Aromatherapy and @entity5 were well tolerated. There were no significant differences between aromatherapy, @entity5 and placebo at week 4 and week 12, but importantly there were substantial improvements in all 3 groups with an 18% improvement in the PAS and a 37% improvement in the NPI over 12 weeks. CONCLUSION: When assessed using a rigorous design which ensures blinding of treatment arms, there is no evidence that melissa aromatherapy is superior to placebo or @entity5 , in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 . However, the sizeable improvement in the placebo group emphasizes the potential non-specific benefits of touch and interaction in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of Melissa officinalis oil and @entity5 for the treatment of XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD) are frequent in @entity0 with @entity3 and cause considerable stress to @entity0 and their carers. Antipsychotics have been widely used as a first-line treatment, resulting in an estimated 1,800 excess @entity1 and 1,600 excess deaths in the UK alone. Safe and effective alternatives are urgently needed. Based upon preliminary evidence from clinical trials, aromatherapy with melissa oil may be such an alternative, but initial studies have been modest in size, and adequate blinding has been problematic. Our objective was to assess the efficacy of melissa aromatherapy in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 in an adequately powered and robustly blinded randomized controlled trial comparing it with @entity5 , an anticholinesterase drug used with some benefit to treat BPSD. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The study was a double-blind parallel-group placebo-controlled randomized trial across 3 specialist old age psychiatry centres in England. @entity0 had probable or possible @entity3 , were resident in a care home, had clinically significant @entity4 (defined as a score of 39 or above on the Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory) and were free of antipsychotics and/or anticholinesterase for at least 2 weeks. @entity0 were allocated to 1 of 3 groups: placebo medication and active aromatherapy; active medication and placebo aromatherapy or placebo of both. MAIN OUTCOME: The primary outcome measure was reduction in @entity4 as assessed by the Pittsburgh Agitation Scale (PAS) at 4 weeks. This is an observational scale, and raters were required to wear nose clips to ensure that full blinding was maintained. The PAS, @entity2 Inventory (NPI; another measure of BPSD) and other outcome measures were completed at baseline, 4-week and 12-week follow-ups. 114 @entity0 were randomized, of whom 94 completed the week 4 assessment and 81 completed the week 12 assessment. Aromatherapy and @entity5 were well tolerated. There were no significant differences between aromatherapy, @entity5 and placebo at week 4 and week 12, but importantly there were substantial improvements in all 3 groups with an 18% improvement in the PAS and a 37% improvement in the NPI over 12 weeks. CONCLUSION: When assessed using a rigorous design which ensures blinding of treatment arms, there is no evidence that melissa aromatherapy is superior to placebo or @entity5 , in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 . However, the sizeable improvement in the placebo group emphasizes the potential non-specific benefits of touch and interaction in the treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of Melissa officinalis oil and @entity5 for the treatment of @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To differentiate between @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of the pancreas using dynamic CT findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2001 and 2008, there were 3 @entity3 and 15 @entity2 surgically resected in our institute, for whom preoperative multidetector-row CT were available. Various CT features were retrospectively evaluated by two radiologists in consensus for the differentiation between the two entities. Delay time for early and delayed phase images were 40 and 180 or 240s, respectively. For qualitative assessment, density of the @entity1 relative to the surrounding parenchyma was evaluated, along with other characteristic features. In @entity0 for whom digital data were available, CT values of the @entity1 were measured, and quantitative assessment was also performed. Relative and absolute washout rate (RWR and AWR, respectively) were also calculated. RESULTS: Mean sizes of the two groups were similar. @entity1 were seen as low density area more frequently in @entity3 than in @entity2 on unenhanced CT (3/3 vs 1/14), and also on the delayed phase image (2/3 vs 0/14) (p<0.05). Fibrous capsule was observed more frequently in @entity3 (2/3) than in @entity2 (0/14). CT value of the @entity1 on unenhanced CT was significantly lower, and RWR was higher in @entity3 than in @entity2 (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney's U test). The difference in delayed phase CT density and AWR did not reach statistically significant level. CONCLUSION: Unenhanced and enhanced CT findings may be of value in differentiation between @entity3 and @entity2 .

title: CT differentiation of solid serous XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND SETTING: @entity7 (AZE) in a novel, eye drop, formulation, was compared with topically applied @entity6 (SCG) and placebo (PLA) in the treatment of @entity1 or rhino- @entity4 in a multicentre, parallel group study. RESEARCH DESIGN: 144 subjects ranging in age from 16 to 65 years participated. All had at least a 2-year history of @entity1 and were symptomatic at the time of inclusion. Medications were administered topically either twice daily (AZE/ @entity3 ) or four times daily (SCG) over a 2-week treatment period. Method and outcome measures: @entity7 and placebo were compared double-blind; the comparison versus SCG was carried out in an open manner. Itching, redness, flow of tears, eyelid swelling, @entity2 , @entity5 , soreness and discharge were scored on a 4-point severity scale. RESULTS: Results for the decrease of main @entity4 symptoms (itching, tearing and conjunctival redness) showed a marked effect for both active treatments on day 3 with a sustained improvement on days 7 and 14. A clear response to treatment (an improvement of sum scores for day 3 of >/=3 points compared to baseline) occurred in 85.4% of @entity7 -treated @entity0 , 83.0% of @entity6 @entity0 and 56.3% of placebo @entity0 . Response rates for both active treatments were statistically superior to those for placebo ( @entity7 p = 0.005; @entity6 p = 0.007). Global assessment of efficacy was at least 'satisfactory' for 90.0% of @entity7 @entity0 , 81.3% of @entity6 @entity0 and 66.3% of placebo-treated @entity0 . The most frequent adverse effects were transient application site reactions which tended to disappear with increasing duration of treatment, and, less frequently, taste perversion. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the therapeutic use of @entity7 eye drops in @entity0 with @entity1 or rhino- @entity4 can be recommended.

title: Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of topically administered XXXX , @entity6 and placebo in the treatment of @entity1 and rhino- @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND SETTING: @entity7 (AZE) in a novel, eye drop, formulation, was compared with topically applied @entity6 (SCG) and placebo (PLA) in the treatment of @entity1 or rhino- @entity4 in a multicentre, parallel group study. RESEARCH DESIGN: 144 subjects ranging in age from 16 to 65 years participated. All had at least a 2-year history of @entity1 and were symptomatic at the time of inclusion. Medications were administered topically either twice daily (AZE/ @entity3 ) or four times daily (SCG) over a 2-week treatment period. Method and outcome measures: @entity7 and placebo were compared double-blind; the comparison versus SCG was carried out in an open manner. Itching, redness, flow of tears, eyelid swelling, @entity2 , @entity5 , soreness and discharge were scored on a 4-point severity scale. RESULTS: Results for the decrease of main @entity4 symptoms (itching, tearing and conjunctival redness) showed a marked effect for both active treatments on day 3 with a sustained improvement on days 7 and 14. A clear response to treatment (an improvement of sum scores for day 3 of >/=3 points compared to baseline) occurred in 85.4% of @entity7 -treated @entity0 , 83.0% of @entity6 @entity0 and 56.3% of placebo @entity0 . Response rates for both active treatments were statistically superior to those for placebo ( @entity7 p = 0.005; @entity6 p = 0.007). Global assessment of efficacy was at least 'satisfactory' for 90.0% of @entity7 @entity0 , 81.3% of @entity6 @entity0 and 66.3% of placebo-treated @entity0 . The most frequent adverse effects were transient application site reactions which tended to disappear with increasing duration of treatment, and, less frequently, taste perversion. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the therapeutic use of @entity7 eye drops in @entity0 with @entity1 or rhino- @entity4 can be recommended.

title: Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of topically administered @entity7 , @entity6 and placebo in the treatment of XXXX and rhino- @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND SETTING: @entity7 (AZE) in a novel, eye drop, formulation, was compared with topically applied @entity6 (SCG) and placebo (PLA) in the treatment of @entity1 or rhino- @entity4 in a multicentre, parallel group study. RESEARCH DESIGN: 144 subjects ranging in age from 16 to 65 years participated. All had at least a 2-year history of @entity1 and were symptomatic at the time of inclusion. Medications were administered topically either twice daily (AZE/ @entity3 ) or four times daily (SCG) over a 2-week treatment period. Method and outcome measures: @entity7 and placebo were compared double-blind; the comparison versus SCG was carried out in an open manner. Itching, redness, flow of tears, eyelid swelling, @entity2 , @entity5 , soreness and discharge were scored on a 4-point severity scale. RESULTS: Results for the decrease of main @entity4 symptoms (itching, tearing and conjunctival redness) showed a marked effect for both active treatments on day 3 with a sustained improvement on days 7 and 14. A clear response to treatment (an improvement of sum scores for day 3 of >/=3 points compared to baseline) occurred in 85.4% of @entity7 -treated @entity0 , 83.0% of @entity6 @entity0 and 56.3% of placebo @entity0 . Response rates for both active treatments were statistically superior to those for placebo ( @entity7 p = 0.005; @entity6 p = 0.007). Global assessment of efficacy was at least 'satisfactory' for 90.0% of @entity7 @entity0 , 81.3% of @entity6 @entity0 and 66.3% of placebo-treated @entity0 . The most frequent adverse effects were transient application site reactions which tended to disappear with increasing duration of treatment, and, less frequently, taste perversion. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the therapeutic use of @entity7 eye drops in @entity0 with @entity1 or rhino- @entity4 can be recommended.

title: Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of topically administered @entity7 , XXXX and placebo in the treatment of @entity1 and rhino- @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND SETTING: @entity7 (AZE) in a novel, eye drop, formulation, was compared with topically applied @entity6 (SCG) and placebo (PLA) in the treatment of @entity1 or rhino- @entity4 in a multicentre, parallel group study. RESEARCH DESIGN: 144 subjects ranging in age from 16 to 65 years participated. All had at least a 2-year history of @entity1 and were symptomatic at the time of inclusion. Medications were administered topically either twice daily (AZE/ @entity3 ) or four times daily (SCG) over a 2-week treatment period. Method and outcome measures: @entity7 and placebo were compared double-blind; the comparison versus SCG was carried out in an open manner. Itching, redness, flow of tears, eyelid swelling, @entity2 , @entity5 , soreness and discharge were scored on a 4-point severity scale. RESULTS: Results for the decrease of main @entity4 symptoms (itching, tearing and conjunctival redness) showed a marked effect for both active treatments on day 3 with a sustained improvement on days 7 and 14. A clear response to treatment (an improvement of sum scores for day 3 of >/=3 points compared to baseline) occurred in 85.4% of @entity7 -treated @entity0 , 83.0% of @entity6 @entity0 and 56.3% of placebo @entity0 . Response rates for both active treatments were statistically superior to those for placebo ( @entity7 p = 0.005; @entity6 p = 0.007). Global assessment of efficacy was at least 'satisfactory' for 90.0% of @entity7 @entity0 , 81.3% of @entity6 @entity0 and 66.3% of placebo-treated @entity0 . The most frequent adverse effects were transient application site reactions which tended to disappear with increasing duration of treatment, and, less frequently, taste perversion. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the therapeutic use of @entity7 eye drops in @entity0 with @entity1 or rhino- @entity4 can be recommended.

title: Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of topically administered @entity7 , @entity6 and placebo in the treatment of @entity1 and rhino- XXXX .

answer: @entity4