abstract: As one of the most common @entity2 , @entity3 still lacks @entity2 markers with enough specificity and sensitivity. Therefore the development of novel @entity2 markers is necessary for early diagnosis in clinics. MicroRNA (miR) has been known to be of unique expressional patterns in various @entity2 and may work as potential @entity2 markers for clinical use. This study thus explored the significance of plasma @entity4 in clinical diagnosis of @entity3 and its effects on proliferation of @entity2 cells. Plasma @entity4 levels were quantified by real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR methods in 80 cases of @entity3 @entity0 and healthy individuals to analyze the correlation between @entity4 and clinical features. @entity4 inhibitor was further transfected into @entity0 @entity3 cells for further cell proliferation using CCK-8 approach. @entity4 was significantly up-regulated in @entity3 @entity0 plasma samples compared to healthy individuals (P<0.01). The area under ROC curve was 0.895 (95% CI: 0.846~0.943). It has a specificity of 93.8% and a sensitivity of 77.5% in diagnosing @entity3 . @entity4 level was also correlated with @entity2 differentiation stage, lymph node @entity1 , TNM stage and @entity2 size (P<0.05). The down-regulation of @entity4 in @entity3 cells inhibited cell proliferation (P<0.05). @entity4 was significantly up-regulated in @entity3 @entity0 and can facilitate the in vitro proliferation of @entity2 cells. It may work as a biological marker for @entity3 .

title: Diagnostic significance of XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: As one of the most common @entity2 , @entity3 still lacks @entity2 markers with enough specificity and sensitivity. Therefore the development of novel @entity2 markers is necessary for early diagnosis in clinics. MicroRNA (miR) has been known to be of unique expressional patterns in various @entity2 and may work as potential @entity2 markers for clinical use. This study thus explored the significance of plasma @entity4 in clinical diagnosis of @entity3 and its effects on proliferation of @entity2 cells. Plasma @entity4 levels were quantified by real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR methods in 80 cases of @entity3 @entity0 and healthy individuals to analyze the correlation between @entity4 and clinical features. @entity4 inhibitor was further transfected into @entity0 @entity3 cells for further cell proliferation using CCK-8 approach. @entity4 was significantly up-regulated in @entity3 @entity0 plasma samples compared to healthy individuals (P<0.01). The area under ROC curve was 0.895 (95% CI: 0.846~0.943). It has a specificity of 93.8% and a sensitivity of 77.5% in diagnosing @entity3 . @entity4 level was also correlated with @entity2 differentiation stage, lymph node @entity1 , TNM stage and @entity2 size (P<0.05). The down-regulation of @entity4 in @entity3 cells inhibited cell proliferation (P<0.05). @entity4 was significantly up-regulated in @entity3 @entity0 and can facilitate the in vitro proliferation of @entity2 cells. It may work as a biological marker for @entity3 .

title: Diagnostic significance of @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: To investigate the clinical efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy using dendritic cells (DC) and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells combined with chemotherapy in multiple @entity6 . The immunomodulatory effect of the therapy was discussed by detecting the levels of peripheral blood T cell subsets and CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory cells (Treg). Fifty MM @entity0 were randomly divided into two groups: 24 cases in the simple chemotherapy group and 26 cases in the combined therapy group (chemotherapy plus DC/CIK immunotherapy). The therapeutic efficacy and the proportions of peripheral blood T cell subsets and Treg cells were compared between the two groups. The cellular immunity indicators were also compared, including @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity3 , AgNORs ratio and @entity7 . After 3 weeks of treatment, the life quality and clinical efficacy of the combined therapy group were superior to those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). CD3(+)CD8(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+)/CD4(+) ratio, CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+)/CD4(+)CD25(+) ratio, @entity9 , @entity3 and @entity7 levels of the combined therapy group were obviously lower than those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). The CD3(+)CD4(+)/CD3(+)CD8(+) ratio, AgNOR ratio, @entity5 and @entity2 level and positive rate of @entity8 in the combined therapy group were significantly higher than those of the simple chemotherapy group (P<0.05). These results indicated better immunomodulatory effect of the combined therapy. DC/CIK immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has a good clinical efficacy and prospect for MM, reversing the @entity4 to Th2 shift and increasing the anti- @entity1 capacity of the immune system.

title: Immunomodulatory effect of DC/CIK combined with chemotherapy in multiple XXXX and the clinical efficacy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The term retained products of conception (RPOC) refers to intrauterine tissue that develops after conception and persists after medical and surgical pregnancy termination, miscarriage, and vaginal or cesarean delivery. One of the most important factor risk for RPOC is @entity3 , defined as "the abnormal adherence, either in whole or in part, of the afterbirth to the underlying uterine wall". We report a case of a 37 years old @entity0 referred to our gynecologic department with irregular @entity2 . On her medical history, she had a cesarean occurred 3 months before. Ultrasonography revealed in the uterine cavity hyperechoic mass, treated with curettage. Two weeks later the curettage, @entity0 @entity2 . On the transvaginal ultrasound, the uterine cavity was occupied again by a hyperechoic mass. She underwent to hysteroscopic resection and histological diagnosis was compatible with @entity3 residual. In the follow up she had not complications. Early diagnosis, prompt evaluation of @entity1 is important for timely treatment and for preventing immediate complications and demolitive approach. A careful follow up is necessary to prevent late consequences. The purpose of this study is to report our experience in timely diagnosis and conservative management.

title: Conservative and timely treatment in retained products of conception: a case report of XXXX ritention.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity13 ( @entity13 ), an intermediate @entity1 of endothelial origin in childhood, is often associated with @entity12 ( @entity12 ). In this study, 22 cases of @entity13 were immunochemically studied for @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity11 , smooth muscle actin (SMA), D240, @entity8 and Ki67. The @entity0 (15 males and 7 females) ranged in age from 13 days to 7 years (median, 2 mo). Lesion developed on the extremities/joint (12 cases), chest/abdominal wall (6 cases), head/neck (4 cases), and presented both superficial and deep soft tissue. The superficial change was commonly enlarging cutaneous lesion with ill-defiined red to purple indurated plaque. 15 of the 22 cases (68%) developed @entity12 , with consumptive @entity6 or @entity4 complications. @entity1 consisted of infiltrating nodules of fascicles of spindleshaped endothelial cells and slitlike vascular channels with @entity1 margins. On immunohistochemistry (IHC), endothelial cells were diffusely positive for @entity10 , @entity9 and @entity11 but negative for @entity8 , and the peripheral area of proliferative capillaries were markedly positive for D240. Adjuvant medical therapy and sclerotherapy were prepared for the @entity1 and the associated @entity12 , and then all @entity0 were treated by complete surgical excision. Follow-up information was available in 22 @entity0 (8 to 26 months, mean 15 mo), and indicated that 1 died of @entity5 and 21 were alive without @entity2 . In conclusion, our results suggest that @entity13 can occur in the embryonic period, and @entity0 with @entity12 often have earlier onset time and larger lesional size. @entity13 @entity0 given with adjuvant @entity3 and @entity7 injection and complete resection rarely relapse.

title: Clinicopathological features of XXXX .

answer: @entity13


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of chitosan-coated and @entity3 -coated insulin liposomes after oral administration in @entity0 . METHODS: Insulin-liposomes were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation. @entity2 was carried out by mixing liposomal suspension with chitosan and @entity3 solutions, followed by incubation. The particle size and morphology of insulin-liposomes were determined using laser light scattering instrument and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The entrapment efficiency was analyzed using HPLC and ultracentrifuge. The protection of insulin from peptic and tryptic digestion was studied with HPLC. The hypoglycemic effects of polysaccharide-coated insulin liposomes were investigated using the @entity1 oxidase method after oral administration in @entity0 . RESULTS: The particle size of uncoated, @entity2 was (138 +/- 31) nm, (230 +/- 20) nm and (266 +/- 19) nm, respectively. All insulin-liposomes were of spherical or ellipsoidal shape. The entrapment efficiencies were 81.6%, 73.5% and 68.7%, respectively. Insulin was protected from tryptic digestion by chitosan-coated liposomes and protected from peptic digestion by alginate-coated liposomes. The hypoglycemic effects of insulin-liposomes, coated with 0.1% chitosan and 0.1% @entity3 , were observed. CONCLUSION: Chitosan-coated and @entity3 -coated liposomes were shown to reduce peptic or tryptic digestion on insulin, and enhance enteral absorption of insulin.

title: [Hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharide-coated insulin liposomes after oral administration in XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity8 and the @entity3 are the most frequently used medications for treating @entity1 ( @entity1 ). These medications modulate both @entity5 as well as @entity4 . @entity8 is a pure blocker of the @entity5 and @entity4 transporters. The @entity3 also block reuptake of both @entity7 , but they also release all three @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity4 , and @entity2 , from presynaptic vesicles. @entity3 are the most robust agents in increasing synaptic @entity4 levels, since they do so regardless of the endogenous level of the relevant neurons. Stimulant-evoked synaptic increases of @entity4 have been demonstrated in the striatum in @entity0 , but pharmacologic effects are likely relevant to therapeutic action in other regions, particularly the prefrontal cortex. Blockade of noradrenergic reuptake in the prefrontal cortex may also indirectly increase prefrontal @entity4 levels, but there is also evidence that noradrenergic effects are mediated by alpha-2a noradrenergic receptors. A recent study in non- @entity0 primates found that @entity8 and @entity9 both increased the efficiency of prefrontal pyramidal neurons, but via distinct mechanisms. @entity8 decreased non-specific signals, i.e., neuronal noise, via D1 receptors. By contrast, @entity9 increased the strength of specific signals via activation of alpha-2 receptors. These findings, although in non- @entity0 primates, suggest that combinations of agents working on these complementary systems (D1 and alpha-2a) may be worth considering and evaluating rigorously in @entity0 with @entity1 with sub-optimal responses to monotherapy.

title: [Towards an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pharmacological treatments of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: A study was undertaken to assess the association between either preoperative serum total @entity1 (TT) or @entity4 (defined as TT <3 ng/mL) with high-risk @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (defined as @entity0 with pathological extracapsular extension [ECE], seminal vesicle invasion [SVI], or Gleason grades >= 4 + 3 [high-grade @entity2 ]) at radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS: A cohort of 673 consecutive Caucasian-European @entity0 who underwent RP at a single institute was used. None of the @entity0 had taken any hormonal neoadjuvant treatment or other hormonal preparations during the previous 12 months. Serum TT was measured the day before surgery (8-10 AM) in all cases. Logistic regression models tested the associations among predictors (eg, @entity3 , clinical stage, biopsy Gleason sum, body mass index, and TT) and ECE, SVI, and high-grade @entity2 . RESULTS: Median TT was 4.5 ng/mL (mean, 4.5; range, 0.02-13.6). @entity4 was found in 144 (21.4%) @entity0 , and severe @entity4 (defined as TT <1 ng/mL) was observed in 37 (5.5%) @entity0 . Extracapsular extension, SVI, and high-grade @entity2 were found in 96 (14.6%), 88 (13.1%), and 153 (22.7%) @entity0 , respectively. @entity0 with high-risk @entity2 had median TT comparable to those with low-risk disease. At multivariate analysis, TT did not achieve independent predictor status for ECE, SVI, and high-grade @entity2 . Only circulating TT <1 ng/mL was an independent predictor of SVI (odds ratio, 3.11; P = .006). CONCLUSIONS: In contrast with previous reports, preoperative circulating TT levels were not associated with high-risk @entity2 . Likewise, @entity4 did not achieve independent predictor status for high-risk @entity2 .

title: XXXX is not an independent predictor of high-risk disease in @entity0 undergoing radical prostatectomy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: A study was undertaken to assess the association between either preoperative serum total @entity1 (TT) or @entity4 (defined as TT <3 ng/mL) with high-risk @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (defined as @entity0 with pathological extracapsular extension [ECE], seminal vesicle invasion [SVI], or Gleason grades >= 4 + 3 [high-grade @entity2 ]) at radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS: A cohort of 673 consecutive Caucasian-European @entity0 who underwent RP at a single institute was used. None of the @entity0 had taken any hormonal neoadjuvant treatment or other hormonal preparations during the previous 12 months. Serum TT was measured the day before surgery (8-10 AM) in all cases. Logistic regression models tested the associations among predictors (eg, @entity3 , clinical stage, biopsy Gleason sum, body mass index, and TT) and ECE, SVI, and high-grade @entity2 . RESULTS: Median TT was 4.5 ng/mL (mean, 4.5; range, 0.02-13.6). @entity4 was found in 144 (21.4%) @entity0 , and severe @entity4 (defined as TT <1 ng/mL) was observed in 37 (5.5%) @entity0 . Extracapsular extension, SVI, and high-grade @entity2 were found in 96 (14.6%), 88 (13.1%), and 153 (22.7%) @entity0 , respectively. @entity0 with high-risk @entity2 had median TT comparable to those with low-risk disease. At multivariate analysis, TT did not achieve independent predictor status for ECE, SVI, and high-grade @entity2 . Only circulating TT <1 ng/mL was an independent predictor of SVI (odds ratio, 3.11; P = .006). CONCLUSIONS: In contrast with previous reports, preoperative circulating TT levels were not associated with high-risk @entity2 . Likewise, @entity4 did not achieve independent predictor status for high-risk @entity2 .

title: @entity4 is not an independent predictor of high-risk disease in XXXX undergoing radical prostatectomy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The hippocampal @entity2 of @entity7 has been known, but the region shape contractions of the hippocampus in @entity7 were inconsistent. Spheric harmonic shape analysis was applied to the hippocampus in female @entity0 with unremitting @entity7 to evaluate morphometric changes of the hippocampus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Shape analysis was performed by using T1-weighted MR imaging in 21 female @entity0 with @entity7 and 21 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Manually segmented hippocampi were parameterized, and the point-to-point-based group difference was compared by using the Hotelling T-squared test. The partial correlation analyses were tested between clinical variables and shape changes. RESULTS: Both hippocampal volumes were small in @entity0 with @entity7 compared with healthy controls, and the right hippocampal volume was negatively correlated with the number of episodes at marginal significance. Regional shape contractions were found in the ambient gyrus, basal hippocampal head, posterior subiculum, and dorsal hippocampus of the left hemisphere. The right hippocampus showed a similar pattern but was less @entity5 compared with the left hippocampus. A negative correlation was found between the @entity6 and shape deformation in the @entity4 , ambient gyrus, posterior subiculum, and gyrus fasciolaris of the left hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS: We showed @entity2 and regional shape contractions in the hippocampi of @entity0 with @entity7 , which were more dominant on the left side. The causes of @entity1 could be the hypersecretion of glucocorticoids contributing to @entity3 or the failing of adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus.

title: Hippocampal shape deformation in female XXXX with unremitting major depressive disorder.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4 in siphon section of internal carotid artery (ICA) caused by @entity1 was diagnosed and totally embolized by applying digital subtraction angiography (DSA) technique, with satisfactory results. The clinical application of this technique was discussed. METHODS: The @entity0 suffered from @entity1 with serious @entity3 were managed in our hospital by DSA. The @entity0 with @entity4 in ICA were chosen from them. The circular function of Willis circulus in these @entity0 were checked. If it was good, the ICA was totally embolised. RESULTS: Among 32 @entity0 suffered from @entity1 with serious @entity3 , 6 @entity0 were definitely diagnosed by DSA to have @entity4 . The @entity2 was performed in 5 of them. Among these 5 @entity0 , 4 cured, and 1 died. The @entity0 who could not be embolized also died. CONCLUSION: The @entity4 definitely diagnosed by DSA can be treated by embolizing siphon section of internal carotid artery completely, after checking the compensatory function of side branches in Willis circulus.

title: [Treatment of traumatic XXXX through completely embolizing siphon section of internal carotid artery].

answer: @entity4


abstract: Subjective health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was investigated in 100 @entity0 with disturbed sleep (39 @entity0 aged 52 +/- 13 years and 61 @entity0 aged 53 +/- 10 years) referred to the sleep laboratory and compared with HRQoL in 100 normal healthy adults. Measurements included the Quality of Life Index (QLI) (Mezzich and Cohen), and objective (polysomnographic) and subjective (psychometric) quality of sleep and awakening. Statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney U-test) showed HRQoL to be significantly reduced in @entity2 ( @entity2 ), with a more pronounced reduction in nonorganic than in organic @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity7 were more disturbed than those with @entity1 . Within organic @entity2 , @entity0 with @entity5 were more disturbed than those with obstructive snoring. Out of ten elementary HRQoL components, seven were disturbed in @entity2 : physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-care and independent functioning, occupational functioning, interpersonal functioning, personal fulfillment, and overall quality of life. No differences between @entity0 and normal healthy subjects where found in the components social support, community and services support or spiritual fulfillment. @entity0 suffering from nonorganic @entity2 had significantly worse scores in physical and psychological well-being and overall quality of life than those with organic @entity2 . @entity0 with both @entity2 and additional diagnoses of @entity6 had more profoundly reduced HRQoL than those with @entity4 . Follow-up of 51 @entity0 (31 with nonorganic @entity2 and 20 with organic @entity2 ) one year after sleep laboratory investigation and subsequent treatment found significantly improved HRQoL compared with pre-treatment. Moreover, @entity0 diagnosed and treated in the sleep laboratory showed lower re-hospitalization @entity3 .

title: Quality of life in nonorganic and XXXX : I. Comparison with normative data.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to predict prognosis of @entity1 in several studies. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of stratified NLR in @entity0 who have received curative liver resection (CLR) for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: A total of 1659 @entity0 who underwent CLR for suspected @entity3 between 2007 and 2014 were reviewed. The preoperative NLR was categorized into quartiles based on the quantity of the study population and the distribution of NLR. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were significantly associated with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and derived by Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were evaluated for association of all independent parameters with disease prognosis. RESULTS: Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models showed that the level of NLR (HR = 1.031, 95%CI: 1.002-1.060, P = 0.033), number of nodules (HR = 1.679, 95%CI: 1.285-2.194, P<0.001), @entity4 (HR = 4.329, 95%CI: 1.968-9.521, P<0.001), microvascular invasion (HR = 2.527, 95%CI: 1.726-3.700, P<0.001) and @entity2 score (HR = 1.675, 95%CI: 1.153-2.433, P = 0.007) were significant predictors of mortality. From the Kaplan-Meier analysis of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), each NLR quartile showed a progressively worse @entity5 and apparent separation (log-rank P=0.008). The highest 5-year @entity5 rate following CLR (60%) in @entity3 @entity0 was observed in quartile 1. In contrast, the lowest 5-year @entity5 rate (27%) was obtained in quartile 4. CONCLUSIONS: Stratified NLR may predict significantly improved outcomes and strengthen the predictive power for @entity0 responses to therapeutic intervention.

title: Stratified neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio accurately predict mortality risk in XXXX @entity0 following curative liver resection.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to predict prognosis of @entity1 in several studies. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of stratified NLR in @entity0 who have received curative liver resection (CLR) for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: A total of 1659 @entity0 who underwent CLR for suspected @entity3 between 2007 and 2014 were reviewed. The preoperative NLR was categorized into quartiles based on the quantity of the study population and the distribution of NLR. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were significantly associated with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and derived by Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were evaluated for association of all independent parameters with disease prognosis. RESULTS: Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models showed that the level of NLR (HR = 1.031, 95%CI: 1.002-1.060, P = 0.033), number of nodules (HR = 1.679, 95%CI: 1.285-2.194, P<0.001), @entity4 (HR = 4.329, 95%CI: 1.968-9.521, P<0.001), microvascular invasion (HR = 2.527, 95%CI: 1.726-3.700, P<0.001) and @entity2 score (HR = 1.675, 95%CI: 1.153-2.433, P = 0.007) were significant predictors of mortality. From the Kaplan-Meier analysis of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), each NLR quartile showed a progressively worse @entity5 and apparent separation (log-rank P=0.008). The highest 5-year @entity5 rate following CLR (60%) in @entity3 @entity0 was observed in quartile 1. In contrast, the lowest 5-year @entity5 rate (27%) was obtained in quartile 4. CONCLUSIONS: Stratified NLR may predict significantly improved outcomes and strengthen the predictive power for @entity0 responses to therapeutic intervention.

title: Stratified neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio accurately predict mortality risk in @entity3 XXXX following curative liver resection.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The authors have encountered a case of compound @entity6 in a 59 year-old- @entity0 complicated by occlusion of the anterior 1/3 part of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). He was hit by a hammer at the midline of the frontal region, and transferred to our emergency care unit. On admission, there was laceration of skin at the midline of the forehead, but the @entity0 had no @entity1 . Skull radiograph showed a @entity6 over the SSS. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed a small brain contusion adjacent to the @entity3 . Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed occlusion of the anterior 1/3 part of SSS, and extravasations of contrast medium from cortical arterioles and capillaries. CT taken at 4 hours after @entity2 of the lesion with extravasations of contrast medium and the @entity0 manifested consciousness disturbance at this point. Distribution of extravasations suggested the occurrence of @entity4 . Elevation of the depressed skull was thus performed under general anesthesia. There was laceration of the dura 5 mm away from the SSS and lacerations of cortical vessels, but there was no apparent damage to SSS itself. The depressed bone was replaced with artificial bone. The @entity0 was discharged without any @entity1 . Preoperative angiography was helpful to understand the hemodynamics and risk of @entity5 during the operation.

title: [ @entity4 complicated by obliteration of the superior sagittal sinus by XXXX after a hammer injury: a case report].

answer: @entity6


abstract: The authors have encountered a case of compound @entity6 in a 59 year-old- @entity0 complicated by occlusion of the anterior 1/3 part of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). He was hit by a hammer at the midline of the frontal region, and transferred to our emergency care unit. On admission, there was laceration of skin at the midline of the forehead, but the @entity0 had no @entity1 . Skull radiograph showed a @entity6 over the SSS. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed a small brain contusion adjacent to the @entity3 . Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed occlusion of the anterior 1/3 part of SSS, and extravasations of contrast medium from cortical arterioles and capillaries. CT taken at 4 hours after @entity2 of the lesion with extravasations of contrast medium and the @entity0 manifested consciousness disturbance at this point. Distribution of extravasations suggested the occurrence of @entity4 . Elevation of the depressed skull was thus performed under general anesthesia. There was laceration of the dura 5 mm away from the SSS and lacerations of cortical vessels, but there was no apparent damage to SSS itself. The depressed bone was replaced with artificial bone. The @entity0 was discharged without any @entity1 . Preoperative angiography was helpful to understand the hemodynamics and risk of @entity5 during the operation.

title: [ XXXX complicated by obliteration of the superior sagittal sinus by @entity6 after a hammer injury: a case report].

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: To explore the mechanism by which gastric bypass surgery (GBS) @entity0 ( @entity0 ) by investigating whether @entity5 (a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of glycolipid metabolism) expression is altered in the liver and pancreatic islet cells in a @entity1 model of GBS-treated @entity0 . METHODS: @entity1 were randomly divided into four groups (n   =   10 @entity1 each): @entity0 @entity1 treated by GBS ( @entity3   +   GBS), @entity0 @entity1 subjected to sham operation ( @entity3   +   sham), normal control @entity1 (control), and @entity0 @entity1 without surgery ( @entity3 ). Fasting levels of blood @entity2 (BG), insulin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 ( @entity4 ) were measured in all groups before and 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after operation. @entity1 were killed 24 weeks after surgery. Liver and pancreas expressions of @entity5 were investigated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analyses. RESULTS: In the @entity3   +   GBS group, fasting BG before and 24 weeks after surgery decreased from 20.2        2.1 to 7.7        1.1   mmol/L, respectively; fasting insulin showed no change (2.9        0.1 and 3.0        0.1   mU/L, respectively); and fasting @entity4 increased from 8.7        0.9 to 23.5        0.2 pmol/L, respectively. Fasting BG levels after surgery in the @entity3   +   GBS group were significantly lower than those in the @entity3   +   sham and @entity3 groups. @entity5 expression levels in the liver and pancreatic islets of the @entity3   +   GBS group were reduced compared to those in the @entity3   +   sham and @entity3 groups. @entity5 in the pancreatic b-cells was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS: Gastric bypass may improve @entity0 by changing @entity5 expression in the liver and pancreatic islet cells.

title: Effects of gastric bypass on @entity5 expression in the liver and pancreas of XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To explore the mechanism by which gastric bypass surgery (GBS) @entity0 ( @entity0 ) by investigating whether @entity5 (a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of glycolipid metabolism) expression is altered in the liver and pancreatic islet cells in a @entity1 model of GBS-treated @entity0 . METHODS: @entity1 were randomly divided into four groups (n   =   10 @entity1 each): @entity0 @entity1 treated by GBS ( @entity3   +   GBS), @entity0 @entity1 subjected to sham operation ( @entity3   +   sham), normal control @entity1 (control), and @entity0 @entity1 without surgery ( @entity3 ). Fasting levels of blood @entity2 (BG), insulin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 ( @entity4 ) were measured in all groups before and 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after operation. @entity1 were killed 24 weeks after surgery. Liver and pancreas expressions of @entity5 were investigated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analyses. RESULTS: In the @entity3   +   GBS group, fasting BG before and 24 weeks after surgery decreased from 20.2        2.1 to 7.7        1.1   mmol/L, respectively; fasting insulin showed no change (2.9        0.1 and 3.0        0.1   mU/L, respectively); and fasting @entity4 increased from 8.7        0.9 to 23.5        0.2 pmol/L, respectively. Fasting BG levels after surgery in the @entity3   +   GBS group were significantly lower than those in the @entity3   +   sham and @entity3 groups. @entity5 expression levels in the liver and pancreatic islets of the @entity3   +   GBS group were reduced compared to those in the @entity3   +   sham and @entity3 groups. @entity5 in the pancreatic b-cells was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS: Gastric bypass may improve @entity0 by changing @entity5 expression in the liver and pancreatic islet cells.

title: Effects of gastric bypass on XXXX expression in the liver and pancreas of @entity0 @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: To explore the mechanism by which gastric bypass surgery (GBS) @entity0 ( @entity0 ) by investigating whether @entity5 (a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of glycolipid metabolism) expression is altered in the liver and pancreatic islet cells in a @entity1 model of GBS-treated @entity0 . METHODS: @entity1 were randomly divided into four groups (n   =   10 @entity1 each): @entity0 @entity1 treated by GBS ( @entity3   +   GBS), @entity0 @entity1 subjected to sham operation ( @entity3   +   sham), normal control @entity1 (control), and @entity0 @entity1 without surgery ( @entity3 ). Fasting levels of blood @entity2 (BG), insulin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 ( @entity4 ) were measured in all groups before and 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks after operation. @entity1 were killed 24 weeks after surgery. Liver and pancreas expressions of @entity5 were investigated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analyses. RESULTS: In the @entity3   +   GBS group, fasting BG before and 24 weeks after surgery decreased from 20.2        2.1 to 7.7        1.1   mmol/L, respectively; fasting insulin showed no change (2.9        0.1 and 3.0        0.1   mU/L, respectively); and fasting @entity4 increased from 8.7        0.9 to 23.5        0.2 pmol/L, respectively. Fasting BG levels after surgery in the @entity3   +   GBS group were significantly lower than those in the @entity3   +   sham and @entity3 groups. @entity5 expression levels in the liver and pancreatic islets of the @entity3   +   GBS group were reduced compared to those in the @entity3   +   sham and @entity3 groups. @entity5 in the pancreatic b-cells was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS: Gastric bypass may improve @entity0 by changing @entity5 expression in the liver and pancreatic islet cells.

title: Effects of gastric bypass on @entity5 expression in the liver and pancreas of @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The association between @entity5 and the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was analyzed in the general population. The usefulness of the inclusion of the serum @entity4 concentration in the @entity1 criteria for the detection of @entity3 was also examined. @entity0 AND METHODS: The 825 @entity0 of a comprehensive health checkup who underwent carotid ultrasonography and the measurement of serum @entity4 levels were studied. RESULTS: The carotid @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was significantly higher in the @entity1 group than in the non- @entity1 group in @entity0 , but not in @entity0 . In @entity0 , a significantly higher odds ratios was obtained for @entity1 , in terms of the current waist circumference criterion, and a high @entity2 (fourth quartile) (OR=2.64, p=0.040). In @entity0 , however, a waist circumference of around 85 cm did not reflect high a @entity2 , and even when the waist circumference criterion was varied, the odds ratio did not increase. When the waist circumference was replaced by @entity6 in the current @entity1 criteria, the odds ratio was significantly increased in @entity0 (OR=1.82, p=0.032). CONCLUSION: The current @entity1 criteria seem appropriate for @entity0 . In @entity0 , there was no significant evidence for the validity of the inclusion of the waist circumference criterion as an essential component. Incorporating @entity6 into the current criteria would be useful for the early detection of @entity3 in @entity0 .

title: Association between @entity1 and XXXX : relevance of combined criteria including the serum @entity4 level for the general population.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The association between @entity5 and the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was analyzed in the general population. The usefulness of the inclusion of the serum @entity4 concentration in the @entity1 criteria for the detection of @entity3 was also examined. @entity0 AND METHODS: The 825 @entity0 of a comprehensive health checkup who underwent carotid ultrasonography and the measurement of serum @entity4 levels were studied. RESULTS: The carotid @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was significantly higher in the @entity1 group than in the non- @entity1 group in @entity0 , but not in @entity0 . In @entity0 , a significantly higher odds ratios was obtained for @entity1 , in terms of the current waist circumference criterion, and a high @entity2 (fourth quartile) (OR=2.64, p=0.040). In @entity0 , however, a waist circumference of around 85 cm did not reflect high a @entity2 , and even when the waist circumference criterion was varied, the odds ratio did not increase. When the waist circumference was replaced by @entity6 in the current @entity1 criteria, the odds ratio was significantly increased in @entity0 (OR=1.82, p=0.032). CONCLUSION: The current @entity1 criteria seem appropriate for @entity0 . In @entity0 , there was no significant evidence for the validity of the inclusion of the waist circumference criterion as an essential component. Incorporating @entity6 into the current criteria would be useful for the early detection of @entity3 in @entity0 .

title: Association between @entity1 and @entity5 : relevance of combined criteria including the serum XXXX level for the general population.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The association between @entity5 and the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was analyzed in the general population. The usefulness of the inclusion of the serum @entity4 concentration in the @entity1 criteria for the detection of @entity3 was also examined. @entity0 AND METHODS: The 825 @entity0 of a comprehensive health checkup who underwent carotid ultrasonography and the measurement of serum @entity4 levels were studied. RESULTS: The carotid @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was significantly higher in the @entity1 group than in the non- @entity1 group in @entity0 , but not in @entity0 . In @entity0 , a significantly higher odds ratios was obtained for @entity1 , in terms of the current waist circumference criterion, and a high @entity2 (fourth quartile) (OR=2.64, p=0.040). In @entity0 , however, a waist circumference of around 85 cm did not reflect high a @entity2 , and even when the waist circumference criterion was varied, the odds ratio did not increase. When the waist circumference was replaced by @entity6 in the current @entity1 criteria, the odds ratio was significantly increased in @entity0 (OR=1.82, p=0.032). CONCLUSION: The current @entity1 criteria seem appropriate for @entity0 . In @entity0 , there was no significant evidence for the validity of the inclusion of the waist circumference criterion as an essential component. Incorporating @entity6 into the current criteria would be useful for the early detection of @entity3 in @entity0 .

title: Association between XXXX and @entity5 : relevance of combined criteria including the serum @entity4 level for the general population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Dual renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade has no more efficiency to decrease cardiovascular mortality than mono-blockade. Our goal was to explore differences between other cardiovascular markers in @entity0 with RAS blockade. METHODS: We analyzed two groups of @entity0 treated with a long-term @entity2 inhibitor (MONO-group, n = 20) and an @entity2 inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker (DUAL-group, n = 15). Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, echocardiography, arterial stiffness and levels of @entity3 , endogenous @entity4 (EO), pro-brain natriuretic peptide and more types of urinary albumin measurements were performed. RESULTS: In the DUAL-group, we found significantly better cardiac parameters, but the levels of EO and urinary albumins were similar in both groups. The level of EO correlates with nighttime mean arterial blood pressure (R = 0.556, p = 0.032) and arterial b-stiffness (R = 0.512, p = 0.042). Urinary immuno-unreactive albumin showed a relationship with @entity1 of the heart (R = -0.508, p = 0.045) diurnal index of diastolic blood pressure (R = -0.569, p = 0.021) in the MONO-group. CONCLUSION: Cardiac parameters were more prosperous in the DUAL-group, but the levels of EO did not differ between groups. The level of EO correlated with blood pressure and arterial stiffness markers in the MONO-group only. The urinary immuno-unreactive albumin may be a new marker of cardiovascular conditions.

title: Effects of mono- and dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on markers of cardiovascular status in hypertensive XXXX with mild and moderate renal failure.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effectiveness of adjunctive cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBGT) to prevent recurrence of episodes in euthymic @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A randomized controlled single-blind trial was conducted with 50 @entity0 with @entity1 types I and II followed up for at least 12 months in an outpatient service and whose disease was in remission. An experimental CBGT manual was developed and added to treatment as usual (TAU), and results were compared with @entity3 alone. RESULTS: Intention-to-treat analysis showed that there was no difference between groups in terms of time until any relapse (Wilcoxon = 0.667; p = 0.414). When considering type of relapse, there was still no difference in either @entity2 (Wilcoxon = 3.328; p = 0.068) or @entity1 episodes (Wilcoxon = 1.498; p = 0.221). Although occurrence of episodes also did not differ between groups (  (2) = 0.28; p = 0.59), median time to relapse was longer for @entity0 treated with CBGT compared to TAU (Mann-Whitney = -2.554; p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS: Time to recurrence and number of episodes were not different in the group of @entity0 treated with CBGT. However, median time to relapse was shorter in the TAU group. Studies with larger samples may help to clarify whether our CBGT approach prevents new episodes of @entity1 . Our findings also indicated that CBGT is feasible in euthymic @entity0 with @entity1 and should be investigated in future studies. To our knowledge, this is the first publication of a controlled trial of CBGT for euthymic @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral group therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Primary @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a disease with poor prognosis and high unmet therapeutic need. Here, we evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of single-dose infusions of fresolimumab, a human monoclonal antibody that inactivates all forms of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), in a phase I open-label, dose-ranging study. @entity0 with biopsy-confirmed, treatment-resistant, primary @entity1 with a minimum estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 25    ml/min per 1.73    m(2), and a urine protein to @entity3 ratio over 1.8    mg/mg were eligible. All 16 @entity0 completed the study in which each received one of four single-dose levels of fresolimumab (up to 4    mg/kg) and was followed for 112 days. Fresolimumab was well tolerated with pustular rash the only adverse event in two @entity0 . One @entity0 was diagnosed with a histologically confirmed primitive @entity5 2 years after fresolimumab treatment. Consistent with treatment-resistant @entity1 , there was a slight decline in eGFR (median decline baseline to final of 5.85   ml/min per 1.73    m(2)). @entity2 fluctuated during the study with the median decline from baseline to final in urine protein to @entity3 ratio of 1.2    mg/mg with all three Black @entity0 having a mean decline of 3.6    mg/mg. The half-life of fresolimumab was    14 days, and the mean dose-normalized Cmax and area under the curve were independent of dose. Thus, single-dose fresolimumab was well tolerated in @entity0 with primary resistant @entity1 . Additional evaluation in a larger dose-ranging study is necessary.

title: A phase 1, single-dose study of fresolimumab, an anti- @entity4 antibody, in treatment-resistant primary XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Primary @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a disease with poor prognosis and high unmet therapeutic need. Here, we evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of single-dose infusions of fresolimumab, a human monoclonal antibody that inactivates all forms of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), in a phase I open-label, dose-ranging study. @entity0 with biopsy-confirmed, treatment-resistant, primary @entity1 with a minimum estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 25    ml/min per 1.73    m(2), and a urine protein to @entity3 ratio over 1.8    mg/mg were eligible. All 16 @entity0 completed the study in which each received one of four single-dose levels of fresolimumab (up to 4    mg/kg) and was followed for 112 days. Fresolimumab was well tolerated with pustular rash the only adverse event in two @entity0 . One @entity0 was diagnosed with a histologically confirmed primitive @entity5 2 years after fresolimumab treatment. Consistent with treatment-resistant @entity1 , there was a slight decline in eGFR (median decline baseline to final of 5.85   ml/min per 1.73    m(2)). @entity2 fluctuated during the study with the median decline from baseline to final in urine protein to @entity3 ratio of 1.2    mg/mg with all three Black @entity0 having a mean decline of 3.6    mg/mg. The half-life of fresolimumab was    14 days, and the mean dose-normalized Cmax and area under the curve were independent of dose. Thus, single-dose fresolimumab was well tolerated in @entity0 with primary resistant @entity1 . Additional evaluation in a larger dose-ranging study is necessary.

title: A phase 1, single-dose study of fresolimumab, an anti- XXXX antibody, in treatment-resistant primary @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The results of microsurgical treatment for @entity2 (ANs) have been highly satisfying for decades, notoriously posing a challenge for interventional neuroradiologists. Following the International @entity3 Trial (ISAT) study results, most centres across Europe and the USA switched to a "coil first" policy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and critically review the substantiation of this change. METHODS: The authors conducted a single-institution retrospective study of MCA @entity4 treatment between January 2000 and December 2013 maintaining a "clip first" policy. The results are supplied with a literature review. RESULTS: A total of 315 MCA ANs were treated in 288 consecutive @entity0 (209 females, 79 males). Microsurgical treatment was performed for 238 @entity4 @entity0 (116 ruptured, 122 unruptured) and 77 @entity4 @entity0 (46 ruptured, 31 unruptured) who underwent a coiling procedure. Treatment-related morbidity and mortality (MM) for unruptured ANs was 2.8 % in the microsurgical group and 10.3 % in the endovascular group. The percentage of @entity0 with no/minor permanent @entity1 after @entity3 in a good initial clinical state (HH 1-2) was 93 % in the microsurgical and 76 % in the endovascular group. A literature review identified 21 studies concerning MCA @entity4 treatment with a specified decision-making algorithm. Microsurgery seemed superior to endovascular management regarding both clinical and radiological outcomes, although several aspects of the analysed reports might appear questionable. CONCLUSION: Although this study has its inherent limitations, the effect brought about by microsurgical clipping of MCA ANs remains superior to that of endovascular embolisation and it should be sustained as the first treatment choice. The decision about the treatment strategy should be made by a multi-disciplinary team consisting of specialists from both teams, bearing in mind the higher occlusion rate and longevity of the surgical treatment.

title: "Clip first" policy in management of XXXX : Single-centre experience with a systematic review of literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic @entity1 is associated with @entity2 in healthy adults as well as in @entity0 with @entity3 . The mechanism for this association is unknown and it is unclear if systemic @entity1 leads to @entity2 or if poor lung function leads to @entity1 . We explored the temporal associations between blood @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity5 , and white blood cells, and lung function in young adults. METHODS: Spirometry, plethysmography, and diffusion capacity were measured in a population-based cohort at ages 32 and 38 years. High-sensitivity @entity4 , @entity5 , and white blood cells were measured at the same ages. RESULTS: Higher levels of @entity4 and, to a lesser extent, @entity5 were associated with lower lung volumes in cross-sectional analyses at both ages 32 and 38 years. Higher @entity4 and @entity5 at age 32 were associated with higher FEV1 and FEV1/FVC at age 38, but not other measures of lung function. Lower lung volumes (total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and residual volume) but not airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC) at age 32 were associated with higher @entity4 at age 38. Associations between age 32 lung function and @entity5 at follow-up were weaker, but consistent. There were no longitudinal associations between white blood cells and lung function. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence that systemic @entity1 causes a decline in lung function. However, lower lung volumes were associated with higher @entity4 and @entity5 at follow-up indicating that pulmonary restriction may be a risk factor for systemic @entity1 . The mechanism for this association remains unclear.

title: Systemic XXXX and lung function: A longitudinal analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECMO) is associated with side effects, e.g., blood cell consumption and activation. Our group has earlier shown that @entity3 administered as a gas reduces platelet consumption and activation. In the present work we have studied the effect of the NO-donor @entity5 GSNO) on platelets and leukocytes in an in vitro extracorporeal circuit. Two complete ECMO circuits were perfused with fresh heparinized @entity0 blood for 24 hours. GSNO was administered as a continuous infusion to one circuit at a rate of 0.7 mg/hour in four paired experiments and at a rate of 3.5 mg/hour in another four paired experiments. The other circuit was used as a control. Blood samples were withdrawn from both circuits before the start of the experiments and at 0.5, 1, 3, 12, and 24 hours of perfusion. The samples were analyzed for red blood cell count, leukocyte count, platelet count, platelet membrane expression of glycoproteins GP) Ib and @entity4 /IIIa, leukocyte membrane expression of cluster of differentiation CD) 11b/ @entity7 , as well as plasma concentration of @entity1 necrosis factor TNF)-alpha, interleukin IL)-1beta, and @entity2 . No difference in these parameters between the GSNO and the control circuit at any time point was assayed. In this study, no significant effect of @entity6 on circulating platelets or leukocytes during experimental extracorporeal circulation could be shown.

title: The effect of XXXX on platelet and leukocyte function during experimental extracorporeal circulation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: ICD-10 acute and transient @entity1 (ATPD; F23) has one of its historical roots in the French concept of bouff  e d  lirante. This study explores the empirical relationship of the two concepts. METHOD: During a 5-year period, all inpatients with ATPD were identified; the diagnosis of bouff  e d  lirante was also determined. We systematically evaluated demographic and clinical features and carried out follow-up investigations at an average of 2.2 years after the index episode using standardized instruments. RESULTS: Forty-two (4.1%) of 1036 @entity0 treated for @entity1 or major affective episode fulfilled the ICD-10 criteria of ATPD. Of these, only 28.6% also fulfilled the criteria of bouff  e d  lirante. @entity0 with bouff  e d  lirante were significantly younger than the remaining ATPD @entity0 . Outcome parameters were generally more favourable for @entity0 diagnosed with bouff  e d  lirante than for ATPD @entity0 without a concurrent diagnosis of bouff  e d  lirante, but the difference was statistically significant only for occupational status. CONCLUSIONS: There are indications that a diagnosis of bouff  e d  lirante carries a somewhat better prognosis than ATPD in general. However, the low frequency of operationally diagnosed bouff  e d  lirante suggests that the criteria might be too narrow.

title: Bouff  e d  lirante and ICD-10 acute and transient XXXX : a comparative study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Biopsies of @entity4 are often reported as showing @entity6 , though in reality some lesions may harbour invasive @entity2 . AIM: To assess the risk of underlying invasive @entity2 in sessile @entity5 where biopsies had shown severe @entity6 and also to attempt to define a management strategy in such @entity0 . METHODS: Between 1997 and 2001, 30 @entity0 were diagnosed as having severe @entity6 using Morson's criteria in @entity4 not amenable for endoscopic polypectomy. Severely @entity3 were completely excised by appropriate surgical measures. RESULTS: Out of 30 @entity0 , 15 had @entity1 . Surgical intervention involved anterior resections, endoanal excisions, sigmoid colectomies, or abdomino-perineal excisions as deemed appropriate. The lesions ranged in size from 0.5 cm to 13 cm (mean 3.4 cm). There were nine T1 lesions (one of which was T1N1) and two each of T2, T3, T4 lesions (10 Dukes' A, 3 Dukes' B, 2 Dukes' C). Complete resection was confirmed histologically in all cases. One @entity0 had a leak following endoanal excision, which required intervention. There was no mortality. DISCUSSION: This study demonstrates that endoscopic sampling can be misleading and severely @entity3 should be managed along the same principles as followed for @entity1 , rather than adopting a 'wait and watch' policy with repeated endoscopies, biopsies or piece-meal polypectomies.

title: Severe XXXX in the colon - how aggressive should we be?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: A second staged operation using @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been widely used in @entity0 with periarticular complex @entity2 , yet few papers have been published on the related complications. The purpose of this study was to report the complication rate and pitfalls directly related to @entity4 through a retrospective study and to suggest some solutions. METHODS: Fifty-nine cases that were treated by using @entity4 were studied among 195 periarticular complex @entity2 . We retrospectively collected the clinical and radiological data and then the study data was evaluated for 1) cases with unsatisfactory restoration of length, 2) cases with @entity3 caused by half pins invading the zone of definitive fixation, and 3) @entity5 related to half pins. RESULTS: Complications were observed in 7/59 cases (11%). Problems related to the achievement of length were observed in one case of @entity2 and 2 cases of @entity2 . Half pin related infection was observed in 2 cases of @entity2 . @entity5 (medial @entity1 in a @entity2 ) was observed in 2 cases. Among 7 complications, four were related to using @entity4 in @entity2 . This is because the abundant leg muscles have strong deforming force and infection might be increased due to frequent irritation by the half pins. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 is a simple procedure with several advantages. However, complications might be observed if certain principles are not followed. It is thought that many complications due to @entity4 can be reduced if the half pins are not inserted in the zone of injury, restoration of length is fully achieved and the neurovascular characteristics are carefully considered. In particular, much more caution is needed in the distal femur, which has abundant muscles surrounding it.

title: Complication rate and pitfalls of temporary bridging external fixator in periarticular communited XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity8 ( @entity3 ) is distinguished from other @entity3 ( @entity3 ) by its unique clinical and pathologic features. Cytological features for this @entity1 on fine needle aspiration (FNA) of @entity1 have been described earlier. We present here a unique case of metastatic @entity3 diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of mediastinal adenopathy. A 32-year-old @entity0 with a history of oral contraceptive use presented with @entity4 and severe @entity6 but no ascites or stigmata of @entity2 . She had a past history of resection of a @entity5 . Serial computed tomography scans revealed @entity7 and the @entity0 was referred for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). A transesophageal EUS-FNA was performed and tissue was collected for cytological evaluation by an on-site pathologist with no knowledge of prior history. Based on morphology correlated with prior history received later, a final diagnosis of metastatic @entity3 in the retrocardiac lymph node was rendered on the EUS-FNA samples. There are very few reports in the literature where a diagnosis of @entity3 is rendered at unusual sites. This case highlights that EUS-FNA is a relatively non-invasive, rapid, accurate and effective modality in obtaining tissue from otherwise hard-to-reach areas. It also suggests that metastasis of @entity3 can be observed in mediastinal nodes and that diagnosis based on cytological features can be rendered even when the @entity1 is identified at unusual locations.

title: Diagnosis of metastatic XXXX by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration.

answer: @entity8


abstract: A total of 261 regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies were carried out on 34 medication-free @entity0 with chronic @entity3 and 50 normal subjects. rCBF, an indicator of local cortical metabolism and activity, was measured during the resting state and also during four cognitive activation tasks or "cortical stress tests." The latter included the Wisconsin Card Sort (WCS), a test of prefrontal lobe function; a simple numbers matching task, and two versions of a visual Continuous Performance Task (CPT). Multivariate comparisons of the two subject groups were performed for each of the five testing conditions, and discriminant function analyses for each condition were carried out to define mathematical models that differentiated normal subjects from medication-free @entity0 . The best such model was determined and was then applied to another group of @entity0 who had diagnoses other than @entity3 or for whom the diagnosis was unclear. This group included two @entity0 with clinical " @entity2 " and radiological evidence of @entity2 . The most robust differences between the groups were seen in frontal rCBF during the WCS. In the discriminant function analysis, rCBF during the WCS was the best discriminator between the two groups, retrospectively classifying 85% of the subjects correctly. rCBF during the resting state and one of the CPTs correctly classified subjects at a rate only marginally better than chance. When the model derived from WCS rCBF was applied to a second group of @entity0 , the two @entity0 with @entity2 were classified as " @entity3 " with 100% certainty. Three other @entity0 with @entity4 were also assigned to this group with greater than 80% certainty, whereas a @entity0 with @entity1 (rule-out @entity5 ) was classified as "normal" with a high level of confidence. These data suggest (1) that @entity3 is characterized by a deficit in prefrontal function that is revealed when regionally specific demand exceeds the physiological capacity, and (2) that functional brain imaging studies, such as rCBF, can best identify @entity2 during "cortical stress tests."

title: Cortical "stress tests" in XXXX : regional cerebral blood flow studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Several studies demonstrated that face perception is biased by the prior presentation of another face, a phenomenon termed as face-related after-effect ( @entity3 ). @entity3 is linked to a neural signal-reduction at occipito-temporal areas and it can be observed in the amplitude modulation of the early event-related potential (ERP) components. Recently, macaque single-cell recording studies suggested that manipulating the duration of the adaptor makes the selective adaptation of different visual motion processing steps possible. To date, however, only a few studies tested the effects of adaptor duration on the electrophysiological correlates of @entity0 face processing directly. The goal of the current study was to test the effect of adaptor duration on the image-, identity-, and generic category-specific face processing steps. To this end, in a two-alternative forced choice familiarity decision task we used five adaptor durations (ranging from 200-5000 ms) and four adaptor categories: adaptor and test were identical @entity1 ( @entity1 ); adaptor and test were different images of the Same Identity (SameID); adaptor and test images depicted @entity2 ( @entity2 ); the adaptor was a Fourier phase-randomized image (No). Behaviorally, a strong priming effect was observed in both accuracy and response times for @entity1 compared with both @entity2 and No. The electrophysiological results suggest that rapid adaptation leads to a category-specific modulation of P100, N170, and N250. In addition, both identity and image-specific processes affected the N250 component during rapid adaptation. On the other hand, prolonged (5000 ms) adaptation enhanced, and extended category-specific adaptation processes over all tested ERP components. Additionally, prolonged adaptation led to the emergence of image-, and identity-specific modulations on the N170 and P2 components as well. In other words, there was a clear dissociation among category, identity-, and image-specific processing steps in the case of longer (3500 and 5000 ms) but not for shorter durations (< 3500 ms), reflected in the gradual reduction of N170 and enhancement of P2 in the No, @entity2 , SameID, and @entity1 conditions. Our findings imply that by manipulating adaptation duration one can dissociate the various steps of @entity0 face processing, reflected in the ERP response.

title: Adaptation Duration Dissociates Category-, Image-, and XXXX -Specific Processes on Face-Evoked Event-Related Potentials.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The precise interpretation of environmental @entity1 isotope records requires a quantitative understanding of the biochemical controls on @entity1 isotope fractionation by the principle isotope-fractionating process within the S cycle, microbial @entity0 reduction (MSR). Here we provide the only direct observation of the major ( @entity4 / @entity5 ) and minor ( @entity3 / @entity5 , @entity6 / @entity5 ) @entity1 isotope fractionations imparted by a central enzyme in the energy metabolism of @entity0 reducers, dissimilatory @entity2 reductase (DsrAB). Results from in vitro @entity2 reduction experiments allow us to calculate the in vitro DsrAB isotope effect in @entity4 / @entity5 (hereafter, [Formula: see text]) to be 15.3    2   , 2  . The accompanying minor isotope effect in @entity3 , described as [Formula: see text], is calculated to be 0.5150    0.0012, 2  . These observations facilitate a rigorous evaluation of the isotopic fractionation associated with the dissimilatory MSR pathway, as well as of the environmental variables that govern the overall magnitude of fractionation by natural communities of @entity0 reducers. The isotope effect induced by DsrAB upon @entity2 reduction is a factor of 0.3-0.6 times prior indirect estimates, which have ranged from 25 to 53    in (34)  DsrAB. The minor isotope fractionation observed from DsrAB is consistent with a kinetic or equilibrium effect. Our in vitro constraints on the magnitude of [Formula: see text] is similar to the median value of experimental observations compiled from all known published work, where (34)   r-p = 16.1    (r-p indicates reactant vs. product, n = 648). This value closely matches those of MSR operating at high @entity0 reduction rates in both laboratory chemostat experiments ([Formula: see text] 17.3    1.5   , 2  ) and in modern marine sediments ([Formula: see text] 17.3    3.8   ). Targeting the direct isotopic consequences of a specific enzymatic processes is a fundamental step toward a biochemical foundation for reinterpreting the biogeochemical and geobiological @entity1 isotope records in modern and ancient environments.

title: XXXX Isotope Effects of Dissimilatory @entity2 Reductase.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The precise interpretation of environmental @entity1 isotope records requires a quantitative understanding of the biochemical controls on @entity1 isotope fractionation by the principle isotope-fractionating process within the S cycle, microbial @entity0 reduction (MSR). Here we provide the only direct observation of the major ( @entity4 / @entity5 ) and minor ( @entity3 / @entity5 , @entity6 / @entity5 ) @entity1 isotope fractionations imparted by a central enzyme in the energy metabolism of @entity0 reducers, dissimilatory @entity2 reductase (DsrAB). Results from in vitro @entity2 reduction experiments allow us to calculate the in vitro DsrAB isotope effect in @entity4 / @entity5 (hereafter, [Formula: see text]) to be 15.3    2   , 2  . The accompanying minor isotope effect in @entity3 , described as [Formula: see text], is calculated to be 0.5150    0.0012, 2  . These observations facilitate a rigorous evaluation of the isotopic fractionation associated with the dissimilatory MSR pathway, as well as of the environmental variables that govern the overall magnitude of fractionation by natural communities of @entity0 reducers. The isotope effect induced by DsrAB upon @entity2 reduction is a factor of 0.3-0.6 times prior indirect estimates, which have ranged from 25 to 53    in (34)  DsrAB. The minor isotope fractionation observed from DsrAB is consistent with a kinetic or equilibrium effect. Our in vitro constraints on the magnitude of [Formula: see text] is similar to the median value of experimental observations compiled from all known published work, where (34)   r-p = 16.1    (r-p indicates reactant vs. product, n = 648). This value closely matches those of MSR operating at high @entity0 reduction rates in both laboratory chemostat experiments ([Formula: see text] 17.3    1.5   , 2  ) and in modern marine sediments ([Formula: see text] 17.3    3.8   ). Targeting the direct isotopic consequences of a specific enzymatic processes is a fundamental step toward a biochemical foundation for reinterpreting the biogeochemical and geobiological @entity1 isotope records in modern and ancient environments.

title: @entity1 Isotope Effects of Dissimilatory XXXX Reductase.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) state that @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is seen in 13-18% of all @entity0 being admitted to hospital and that other @entity0 will further go on to develop @entity2 during their time in hospital, with around 30-40% being in the operative setting. @entity2 has an estimated inpatient mortality of 20-30% in the UK and can lead to long-term morbidities like @entity1 .[2] @entity2 is under-recognised and badly managed despite its prevalence and seriousness, with NCEPOD report stating that only 50% of @entity0 with @entity2 received good care, that there was poor assessment of risk factors for @entity2 , and there was an unacceptable delay in recognising post-admission @entity2 in 43% of @entity0 .[4] Baseline data collected on the urology ward in Ninewells Hospital, showed that only five of 22 (23%) @entity0 undergoing urological surgery had post-operative @entity3 measured on the ward within 48 hours (the primary method for detecting @entity2 ). Excluding @entity0 who were discharged the same day 5/16 (31%) received the blood test. The aim of the project was to increase the number of @entity0 returning to ward 9 post-surgery who receive a serum @entity3 measurement within two days of their urological surgery, excluding daycases. Specifically, we wanted the reliability of this measurement to be 95% or over in ward 9 by 30 July 2014. This was to be done by raising awareness around @entity2 on ward 9 and changing protocol so that every @entity0 staying on ward 9 beyond their day of surgery should receive a post-operative @entity3 . This would be tested for a set amount of time to see if @entity0 with @entity2 were being missed. Despite not being able to implement a set protocol, the percentage of @entity0 receiving post-operative @entity3 measurements on ward 9 after a urological surgery still increased significantly. By interacting with the urology team and presenting our data, the knowledge and comprehension of the problem was altered. This lead to a change in culture and a significant increase in the number of post-operative @entity3 measurements being taken. Through building relationships on the ward and sharing our data and knowledge there was an increase from 27% of @entity0 receiving post-op @entity3 in our first week of collecting data, to 87% in our last week on ward 9. However, without a set tool or change in protocol this change appears to have not been sustainable as the percentage dropped to 42% two weeks later.

title: Improving the recognition of post-operative XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that the introduction of high-sensitivity troponin T (HsTnT) as a diagnostic tool for @entity3 @entity0 in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) creates a high rate of false-positive tests. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate if the diagnostic performance of HsTnT for @entity4 ( @entity4 ) up to 3-4  h after presentation in elderly @entity0 can be improved. METHODS: A total of 477 consecutive @entity0   >=    75  years, admitted to in-hospital care for @entity3 suspicious of @entity4 , were retrospectively included. HsTnT values at presentation (0  h) and at 3-4  h were analysed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created for absolute and relative changes from 0 to 3-4  h. @entity4 , non-elective percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting and death of all causes were recorded for all @entity0 during a follow-up of 60  days. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value ( @entity5 ) were analysed for different HsTnT cut-off values at 0 and 3-4  h and for the combination of a HsTnT at presentation and an absolute change from 0 to 3-4  h. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent of the @entity0 had @entity4 and 21  % @entity2 ( @entity2 ) during the hospital stay. The standard cut-off 14  ng/L gave sensitivity and NPV for @entity4 of 88 and 90  % at 3-4  h. Specificity and @entity5 was 38 and 32  % respectively. Analysing for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) alone gave a sensitivity and NPV of 100  % but did not improve specificity and @entity5 . The area under the ROC-curve was larger for absolute than relative HsTnT changes from 0 to 3-4  h. A combination of HsTnT at presentation   >   30  ng/L and/or a change   >   5  ng/L up to 3-4  h gave a 63  % specificity and a @entity5 of 46  %, a 99  % sensitivity and a NPV of 99  % for @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that HsTnT can neither exclude nor confirm @entity4 within 3-4  h from presentation in @entity0   >=    75  years. @entity2 can be excluded with HsTnT within 3-4  h, but HsTnT cannot be used to rule in @entity2 during the first 3-4  h, not even by using a combination of the initial HsTnT result and the change from 0 to 3-4  h. With combined criteria, the majority of the positive tests were still false positive. Our results indicate that in @entity0   >   75  years, HsTnT should be used primarily as an early rule-out tool for @entity2 .

title: Predictive role of high sensitivity troponin T within four hours from presentation of XXXX in elderly @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that the introduction of high-sensitivity troponin T (HsTnT) as a diagnostic tool for @entity3 @entity0 in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) creates a high rate of false-positive tests. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate if the diagnostic performance of HsTnT for @entity4 ( @entity4 ) up to 3-4  h after presentation in elderly @entity0 can be improved. METHODS: A total of 477 consecutive @entity0   >=    75  years, admitted to in-hospital care for @entity3 suspicious of @entity4 , were retrospectively included. HsTnT values at presentation (0  h) and at 3-4  h were analysed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were created for absolute and relative changes from 0 to 3-4  h. @entity4 , non-elective percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting and death of all causes were recorded for all @entity0 during a follow-up of 60  days. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value ( @entity5 ) were analysed for different HsTnT cut-off values at 0 and 3-4  h and for the combination of a HsTnT at presentation and an absolute change from 0 to 3-4  h. RESULTS: Twenty-seven percent of the @entity0 had @entity4 and 21  % @entity2 ( @entity2 ) during the hospital stay. The standard cut-off 14  ng/L gave sensitivity and NPV for @entity4 of 88 and 90  % at 3-4  h. Specificity and @entity5 was 38 and 32  % respectively. Analysing for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) alone gave a sensitivity and NPV of 100  % but did not improve specificity and @entity5 . The area under the ROC-curve was larger for absolute than relative HsTnT changes from 0 to 3-4  h. A combination of HsTnT at presentation   >   30  ng/L and/or a change   >   5  ng/L up to 3-4  h gave a 63  % specificity and a @entity5 of 46  %, a 99  % sensitivity and a NPV of 99  % for @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that HsTnT can neither exclude nor confirm @entity4 within 3-4  h from presentation in @entity0   >=    75  years. @entity2 can be excluded with HsTnT within 3-4  h, but HsTnT cannot be used to rule in @entity2 during the first 3-4  h, not even by using a combination of the initial HsTnT result and the change from 0 to 3-4  h. With combined criteria, the majority of the positive tests were still false positive. Our results indicate that in @entity0   >   75  years, HsTnT should be used primarily as an early rule-out tool for @entity2 .

title: Predictive role of high sensitivity troponin T within four hours from presentation of @entity4 in elderly XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In the interval between screening examinations, some cases of @entity0 are invariably detected clinically in @entity1 whose mammogram was considered to be normal at the earlier screening. During the first interval in the Stockholm study, 60 @entity2 were detected, giving a rate of 1.8 cases/1000 examinations/24 months. About half of these interval cases (31/60) were @entity2 in that no sign of them could be found on the first mammogram; the other half, non-true, were possible to trace on the first mammogram. It is mainly @entity1 under 50 who feature in the interval group, above all in the sub-group of true @entity2 (p less than 0.05). The incidence of @entity2 rises, as expected, with the length of the interval (Fig. 1). In the final six months of the 2-year interval the incidence of @entity2 had risen to 88 per cent of the @entity2 detected in the control group in the same period of time. The cumulative incidence of @entity2 supports the hypothesis that the distribution of sojourn time in the interval 0-2 years is approximately rectangular. This means that shortening the interval by one-half would halve the number of interval cases. If mammography becomes a wide spread screening method for early detection of @entity0 , the number of @entity2 could be a feed back on the effectiveness of the screening.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Analysis of interval XXXX in a randomized screening trial in Stockholm.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Primary @entity0 (PBSs) are spectrum heterogeneous @entity3 in breast and the optimal treatment for them is still under discussion. Our study was to investigate clinical characteristics and identify potential prognostic factors for this rare malignancy.The authors retrospectively reviewed 38 @entity1 with PBSs between October 2000 and February 2014 in FuDan University Shanghai @entity2 Center. Local control rate and overall survival (OS) were determined by Kaplan-Meier actuarial method. Univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to identify potential prognostic factors.With median follow-up of 40.19 months, 14 @entity1 (14/38) were found with local recurrence. Extensive operation like mastectomy was not superior to local resection (P=0.167). Three-year recurrence-free survival and OS rate were 61.9% and 89%, respectively. Larger @entity2 size and local recurrence were indicated as unfavorable prognostic factors in univariate analysis. Cox model identified narrow interval of recurrence free survival as an unfavorable factor (P=0.048).Surgery remains crucial treatment for PBSs. Mastectomy, however, is not routinely necessary if clear margin could be achieved by local excision. Early recurrence indicates a poor OS.

title: Early Local Recurrence Presents Adverse Effect on Outcomes of Primary XXXX : A Retrospective Study From Single Institute in China.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The management of @entity1 associated with a @entity3 can be a particularly challenging problem. Successful eradication may not occur without interposition of healthy vascularized tissue. Pedicled muscle flaps for coverage on the thorax have been well described. However, secondary to @entity2 or previous surgical procedures, a pedicle flap may not be sufficiently sized or available. Free tissue transfer is an attractive option to provide the appropriate vascularized tissue. METHODS: Six @entity0 with chronic @entity3 were reconstructed with 4 rectus abdominis myocutaneous and 2 gracilis muscle flaps. The choice of recipient vessels was dictated by existing local anatomy but included intercostal, thoracodorsal, thoracoacromial, azygous, and circumflex humeral vessels. One flap required interposition saphenous vein grafts for both artery and vein. RESULTS: @entity0 follow-up ranged from 2 to 14 years. There were no episodes of @entity4 or postoperative mortality. @entity5 without recurrent @entity3 was achieved in all @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Free tissue transfer is an excellent option for vascularized tissue interposition in @entity0 who are not candidates for pedicled muscle transfer. Multiple potential recipient vessels provide tremendous versatility, arguing for early consideration of free tissue transfer.

title: The role of intrathoracic free flaps for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate comorbid conditions with prognostic influence in non-ST-segment elevation @entity7 (NSTEACS). @entity0 AND METHODS: The study group consisted of a derivation cohort of 1017 @entity0 (admitted from October 1, 2002, through October 1, 2008) and an external validation cohort of 652 @entity0 (admitted from February 1, 2006, through September 30, 2009). Comorbid conditions, including risk factors and components of the Charlson comorbidity index (ChCI) and @entity4 -specific index, were recorded. The main outcome was one-year mortality. RESULTS: During follow-up, 103 @entity0 died. After adjusting for variables associated with NSTEACS characteristics (base model), 5 comorbid conditions predicted mortality: severe or mild @entity2 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.9 and HR, 1.6, respectively), @entity3 (HR, 3.1), @entity8 (HR, 2.0), previous @entity6 (HR, 2.6), and previous @entity5 (HR, 1.4). A simple comorbidity index (SCI) was developed using these variables, (per point: HR, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-1.8; P = .0001). Adding the SCI, Charlson comorbidity index, or @entity4 -specific index to the base model resulted in a gain of 6.58%, 5.00%, and 4.04%, respectively, in discriminative ability (P = .001), without significant differences among the 3 indices. In @entity0 with comorbid conditions, the highest risk period was in the first weeks after NSTEACS. The strength of the association between SCI and mortality rate was similar in the external validation cohort (HR, 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.6; P = .001). CONCLUSION: @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , previous @entity6 , and previous @entity5 are the comorbid conditions that predict mortality in NSTEACS. A simple index using these variables proved to be as accurate as the more complex comorbidity indices for risk stratification. In-hospital management of @entity0 with comorbid conditions merits further investigation.

title: Influence of comorbid conditions on one-year outcomes in non-ST-segment elevation XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity5 is developed in 30-75% of cases and it is a result of complicated hormonal and immunological changes in the organism. 100 pregnant @entity0 with various degree of severity of @entity5 have been observed. Acute generalized @entity5 , @entity1 with @entity2 , @entity3 , have been observed in all @entity0 , while in bad cases - with ulcers' formation at gingival. Decrease of hemoreological index of gingival tissue (down to 0,15-0,19 Ohm) have been mentioned, too. Complete clinical and laboratory studies, as well as screening of obtained data have been carried out before the treatment, in its process and after the course. Pregnant @entity0 have been under the supervision, to whom according to various indications (rhesus-imcompatibility, @entity4 , early interruption of pregnancy with disorder of the system of hemostasis basically towards hypercoagulation) has been carried out curative discrete plasmapheresis. All pregnant @entity0 have been diagnosed by the @entity5 of varying severity. After completion of curative course of plasmapheresis has been carried out evaluation of @entity0 ' condition. It has been reached improvement of subjective and objective data, regulation of hemoreological data in gingival tissue (0,21-0,23 Ohm). Respectively, the period of recurrence-free course of disease have been increased and the quality of @entity0 ' life have been improved.

title: Ways of optimization of pregnancy XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of a formal, structured, nonpharmacological treatment for apathetic @entity2 @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A controlled, cross-over, randomized, simple-blind, multicentre clinical trial. A total of 146 institutionalized or day care @entity2 @entity0 with a stage 1 or 2 Clinical @entity2 Rating, with no significant motor or sensory problems, or with rapidly evolving @entity2 and in a clinically stable state were recruited. A cognitive mini examination, and functional, @entity3 , and potential @entity1 scales, Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), and @entity2 Apathy Interview and Rating (DAIR) scales were applied at baseline. @entity0 were randomized to initial intervention (music and art therapy and psychomotor activity) or initial control (free activities in the day room) and changed over at 4 weeks. NPI-Q and DAIR scales were administered at the end of weeks 4 and 8. RESULTS: A significant difference between intervention and control periods, as measured using the DAIR scale, was observed, with a difference of 0.21 (95% confidence interval: 0.07-0.34, P<0.005). The difference was very important in the @entity0 with moderated apathy. However, differences were not so important in the @entity0 with severe apathy and there were no differences at all in the non-apathetic @entity0 . No significant differences were found with the NPI-Q scale, although there was a clear improvement trend in the "apathy" question on this scale. This effect seems to extend beyond the therapeutic intervention period. CONCLUSIONS: A structured, nonpharmacological, short-term occupational therapy intervention is more useful than activities of the @entity0 ' own choice for improving apathy in @entity0 with mild or moderate @entity2 .

title: The efficacy of nonpharmacological treatment for XXXX -related apathy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Hospital acquired @entity1 caused by enterococci are increasing in incidence. This increase has been attributed, in part, to widespread use of @entity7 antibiotics which lack activity against enterococci. To test this hypothesis, we compared @entity0 having @entity2 with those @entity0 having nosocomial @entity5 for antecedant @entity7 use. In a six month period, we found 14 instances of nosocomial enterococcal wound and @entity4 ; 13 were superinfections (occurring during or up to one week after administration of antimicrobials). Seven had coexisting pathogens noted. In the same six month period, 30 instances of @entity3 nosocomial respiratory tract and wound @entity1 were found and only 13 were superinfections (p less than 0.002 compared with enterococcal superinfections). Nine had coexisting pathogens noted. The mean age, gender distribution and underlying illnesses in the @entity3 and enterococcal superinfection groups were comparable. Of the 14 instances of @entity2 , 11 were associated with administration of a @entity7 compared with seven of 30 for @entity5 (p less than 0.002). @entity2 are commonly associated with antimicrobial therapy and the use of @entity6 may selectively predispose @entity0 to increased risk of enterococcal superinfections.

title: @entity2 due to XXXX and enterococci in a general hospital.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Hospital acquired @entity1 caused by enterococci are increasing in incidence. This increase has been attributed, in part, to widespread use of @entity7 antibiotics which lack activity against enterococci. To test this hypothesis, we compared @entity0 having @entity2 with those @entity0 having nosocomial @entity5 for antecedant @entity7 use. In a six month period, we found 14 instances of nosocomial enterococcal wound and @entity4 ; 13 were superinfections (occurring during or up to one week after administration of antimicrobials). Seven had coexisting pathogens noted. In the same six month period, 30 instances of @entity3 nosocomial respiratory tract and wound @entity1 were found and only 13 were superinfections (p less than 0.002 compared with enterococcal superinfections). Nine had coexisting pathogens noted. The mean age, gender distribution and underlying illnesses in the @entity3 and enterococcal superinfection groups were comparable. Of the 14 instances of @entity2 , 11 were associated with administration of a @entity7 compared with seven of 30 for @entity5 (p less than 0.002). @entity2 are commonly associated with antimicrobial therapy and the use of @entity6 may selectively predispose @entity0 to increased risk of enterococcal superinfections.

title: XXXX due to @entity3 and enterococci in a general hospital.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Clinical and experimental evidence attests to the neurological and psychological benefits of physical exercise. Prescribing exercise for @entity0 after @entity1 has the potential to facilitate recovery, performance and development, with consequent improvement in quality of life and long-term outcome. However, could a school take up the prescription for a @entity0 's individual exercise programme? As a preliminary to an intervention study, all primary and secondary schools in two Scottish regions were surveyed. The aim was to evaluate the utility of prescribing exercise as part of a @entity0 's individual rehabilitation plan and to investigate awareness in schools of the potential benefits of exercise for cognition and behaviour. Approximately half the respondents indicated that extra physical exercise sessions could be incorporated into the school day. The main difficulties preventing such inclusion were identified as a lack of staff for supervision and timetabling problems. However, there was also a high level (>70%) of lack of information about what a @entity0 could be expected to do after @entity1 . Further, more respondents (approximately 60%) anticipated benefits of exercise for social development than for academic progress (approximately 35%). These results emphasize the necessity of clear and specific liaison with a school when planning and implementing a @entity0 's long-term rehabilitation programme.

title: Rehabilitation and development after XXXX : can the need for physical exercise be met?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasing immunosuppressant utilization and expenditure is a worldwide challenge as more @entity0 successfully live with transplanted organs. Our aims were to characterize utilization of @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity3 in Australian transplant recipients from 2007 to 2013; to identify specific patterns of usage; and to compare Australian utilization with Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Australian utilization and expenditure data were captured through national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and Highly Specialized Drug administrative databases. Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands utilization were retrieved from their healthcare databases. Utilization was compared as defined daily dose per 1000 population per day ( @entity6 /1000 population/day). Data on kidney transplant recipients, the predominant @entity0 group prescribed these medicines, were obtained from international transplant registries. RESULTS: From 2007-2013 Australian utilization of @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 increased 2.7-fold, 2.2-fold, and 2.3-fold, respectively. Use of @entity1 and @entity5 decreased 20% and 30%, respectively. Australian utilization was significantly lower than European utilization (2013) but was increasing at a faster rate. Total Australian expenditure increased approximately AUD 30 million over the study period to almost AUD 100 million in 2013. Kidney transplantation rates increased across each country over this time, with Australia having the lowest rate. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppressant usage and subsequent expenditure are rising in Australia and Northern Europe. With increased numbers of @entity0 living with transplants, and the observed growth potential predicted from Northern European data, this class of medicines can be expected to continue consuming an increasing share of Australian pharmaceutical expenditure into the future.

title: Multinational Evaluation of @entity4 , XXXX , @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity3 Utilization.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasing immunosuppressant utilization and expenditure is a worldwide challenge as more @entity0 successfully live with transplanted organs. Our aims were to characterize utilization of @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity3 in Australian transplant recipients from 2007 to 2013; to identify specific patterns of usage; and to compare Australian utilization with Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Australian utilization and expenditure data were captured through national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and Highly Specialized Drug administrative databases. Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands utilization were retrieved from their healthcare databases. Utilization was compared as defined daily dose per 1000 population per day ( @entity6 /1000 population/day). Data on kidney transplant recipients, the predominant @entity0 group prescribed these medicines, were obtained from international transplant registries. RESULTS: From 2007-2013 Australian utilization of @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 increased 2.7-fold, 2.2-fold, and 2.3-fold, respectively. Use of @entity1 and @entity5 decreased 20% and 30%, respectively. Australian utilization was significantly lower than European utilization (2013) but was increasing at a faster rate. Total Australian expenditure increased approximately AUD 30 million over the study period to almost AUD 100 million in 2013. Kidney transplantation rates increased across each country over this time, with Australia having the lowest rate. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppressant usage and subsequent expenditure are rising in Australia and Northern Europe. With increased numbers of @entity0 living with transplants, and the observed growth potential predicted from Northern European data, this class of medicines can be expected to continue consuming an increasing share of Australian pharmaceutical expenditure into the future.

title: Multinational Evaluation of XXXX , @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity3 Utilization.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasing immunosuppressant utilization and expenditure is a worldwide challenge as more @entity0 successfully live with transplanted organs. Our aims were to characterize utilization of @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity3 in Australian transplant recipients from 2007 to 2013; to identify specific patterns of usage; and to compare Australian utilization with Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Australian utilization and expenditure data were captured through national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and Highly Specialized Drug administrative databases. Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands utilization were retrieved from their healthcare databases. Utilization was compared as defined daily dose per 1000 population per day ( @entity6 /1000 population/day). Data on kidney transplant recipients, the predominant @entity0 group prescribed these medicines, were obtained from international transplant registries. RESULTS: From 2007-2013 Australian utilization of @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 increased 2.7-fold, 2.2-fold, and 2.3-fold, respectively. Use of @entity1 and @entity5 decreased 20% and 30%, respectively. Australian utilization was significantly lower than European utilization (2013) but was increasing at a faster rate. Total Australian expenditure increased approximately AUD 30 million over the study period to almost AUD 100 million in 2013. Kidney transplantation rates increased across each country over this time, with Australia having the lowest rate. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppressant usage and subsequent expenditure are rising in Australia and Northern Europe. With increased numbers of @entity0 living with transplants, and the observed growth potential predicted from Northern European data, this class of medicines can be expected to continue consuming an increasing share of Australian pharmaceutical expenditure into the future.

title: Multinational Evaluation of @entity4 , @entity2 , XXXX , @entity5 , and @entity3 Utilization.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasing immunosuppressant utilization and expenditure is a worldwide challenge as more @entity0 successfully live with transplanted organs. Our aims were to characterize utilization of @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity3 in Australian transplant recipients from 2007 to 2013; to identify specific patterns of usage; and to compare Australian utilization with Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Australian utilization and expenditure data were captured through national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and Highly Specialized Drug administrative databases. Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands utilization were retrieved from their healthcare databases. Utilization was compared as defined daily dose per 1000 population per day ( @entity6 /1000 population/day). Data on kidney transplant recipients, the predominant @entity0 group prescribed these medicines, were obtained from international transplant registries. RESULTS: From 2007-2013 Australian utilization of @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 increased 2.7-fold, 2.2-fold, and 2.3-fold, respectively. Use of @entity1 and @entity5 decreased 20% and 30%, respectively. Australian utilization was significantly lower than European utilization (2013) but was increasing at a faster rate. Total Australian expenditure increased approximately AUD 30 million over the study period to almost AUD 100 million in 2013. Kidney transplantation rates increased across each country over this time, with Australia having the lowest rate. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppressant usage and subsequent expenditure are rising in Australia and Northern Europe. With increased numbers of @entity0 living with transplants, and the observed growth potential predicted from Northern European data, this class of medicines can be expected to continue consuming an increasing share of Australian pharmaceutical expenditure into the future.

title: Multinational Evaluation of @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity5 , and XXXX Utilization.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasing immunosuppressant utilization and expenditure is a worldwide challenge as more @entity0 successfully live with transplanted organs. Our aims were to characterize utilization of @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity3 in Australian transplant recipients from 2007 to 2013; to identify specific patterns of usage; and to compare Australian utilization with Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands use. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Australian utilization and expenditure data were captured through national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and Highly Specialized Drug administrative databases. Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, and the Netherlands utilization were retrieved from their healthcare databases. Utilization was compared as defined daily dose per 1000 population per day ( @entity6 /1000 population/day). Data on kidney transplant recipients, the predominant @entity0 group prescribed these medicines, were obtained from international transplant registries. RESULTS: From 2007-2013 Australian utilization of @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 increased 2.7-fold, 2.2-fold, and 2.3-fold, respectively. Use of @entity1 and @entity5 decreased 20% and 30%, respectively. Australian utilization was significantly lower than European utilization (2013) but was increasing at a faster rate. Total Australian expenditure increased approximately AUD 30 million over the study period to almost AUD 100 million in 2013. Kidney transplantation rates increased across each country over this time, with Australia having the lowest rate. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppressant usage and subsequent expenditure are rising in Australia and Northern Europe. With increased numbers of @entity0 living with transplants, and the observed growth potential predicted from Northern European data, this class of medicines can be expected to continue consuming an increasing share of Australian pharmaceutical expenditure into the future.

title: Multinational Evaluation of @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity1 , XXXX , and @entity3 Utilization.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tension-free skin closure after partial aponeurectomy of fingers in @entity3 with @entity2 . INDICATIONS: Contractures of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint >30   in @entity3 cannot sufficiently treated by Z-plasty due to the contracted @entity1 . CONTRAINDICATIONS: @entity4 or impaired circulation in the operation region and infections. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: The primary plan is to place a sliding flap into the incision line with the PIP joint in a flexed position, under regional anesthesia and temporary arrest of the blood supply of the upper arm by cuffing. Definitive incising round the sliding flap after achieving a PIP extension position and covering of the sliding flap either by another dorsal side flap or by full thickness skin graft. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Immobilization in a palmar splint, hand physiotherapy and massaging of the scar. RESULTS: In the time period June 2008 to December 2010 a total of 40 @entity0 were surgically treated. The preoperative angle of contracture in the PIP joint was 30-60   in 25 @entity0 (group 1), 60-90   in 10 @entity0 (group 2) and >  90   in 5 @entity0 (group 3). The angle of contracture 12 months postoperatively was 10-15   in group 1, 20-30   in group 2 and 30-40   in group 3 and after 24 months 15-20   in group 1, 30-45   in group 2 and 40-60   in group 3 . The angle of contracture of the PIP joint was greatest for digit 5. Revision surgery resulted in a poorer outcome. Recovery of sensation lasted up to 2 years after surgery. Complications which occurred were problems in wound healing (4), loss of a flap (1), partial loss of the skin transplant without revision (3), arthrodesis (1) and amputation of digit  5 (1).

title: [Flap plasty in advanced XXXX ].

answer: @entity3