abstract: Chronic and recurrent @entity6 are a frequent problem in general practice. The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of @entity1 to house dust mites in @entity6 in general practice @entity0 . We tried to assess the influence of determined risk factors exposure on development of respiratory tract @entity3 . @entity0 from family practitioners surgeries with chronic or recurrent respiratory tract symptoms who had no diagnosis of @entity3 were recruited to the study (n = 89). All @entity0 responded to a questionnaire focused on history of symptoms, @entity2 in family and exposure to determined environmental factors like dwelling conditions, obstetrician history, diet in the first year of life. All @entity0 underwent skin prick test with common inhalant allergens. Families of the @entity0 were asked to participate in the study. Families who agreed to take part also responded to the questionnaire and underwent skin tests. In @entity0 and their families blood samples were taken to determine total IgE and specific IgE antibodies to mites allergens. Dust samples were collected by vacuuming of @entity0 ' bedroom carpets and mattresses to determine house dust mites allergens concentration. Data on 30 complete @entity0 family sets of their brotherhood, mother and father were collected. Total and specific serum IgE antibodies were determined by disc enzyme-immunoassay (Analco). Mites allergens concentration in dust was measured by simple Acarex strip test (Nexter). The results of the assays (positive skin tests and/or elevated levels of specific IgE) showed @entity3 to house dust mites in 24 of 89 study @entity0 from general practitioners surgeries (27%). The prevalence of @entity4 , recurrent @entity5 , chronic or recurrent cough, wheezing, dyspnoea was higher in allergic than in nonallergic subjects. @entity0 with the diagnosis of @entity3 to house dust mites had usually worse dwelling conditions. Especially the influence of dampness in flats on several respiratory symptoms was observed. Subjects who had been found to be allergic were more frequently exposed to higher concentrations of house dust mites allergens in bedroom carpets and in mattresses. In allergic @entity0 early introducing of sensitizing components into the diet in infancy related to shorter breast feeding was observed.

title: XXXX to house dust mites in primary health care subjects with chronic or recurrent inflammatory states of respiratory system.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The authors discuss epidemics of @entity1 in the world and in Poland. In the Lublin region (eastern Poland), for instance, they found type 2 @entity1 ( @entity3 2) in 15.6% of the examined aged over 35 (according to the WHO criteria of 1985). The health care system reform in Poland has made more difficult the access of the @entity1 to a specialist that treats this disease. Therefore doctors and nurses of primary health care have become more responsible for diabcare than before. The authors believe that the systematic education of primary health care doctors by specialists so that they can treat @entity0 according to the modern standards of practical diabetology as well as sharing of tasks and responsibilities between primary and specialist diabetologic care, are very important. Primary health care would be in charge of prevention and early diagnosis of @entity3 2 as well as prevention and early diagnosis of concomitant complications of the disease. Specialists would have consultation on the @entity0 at the moment of diagnosis and then at least once a year. They would also take care of search for and @entity2 . Primary health care doctors would still treat most of diabetics with @entity3 2; specialist centres doctors would treat most of diabetics with @entity3 type 1, @entity0 with complications and from special risk groups (e.g. @entity0 with @entity4 ).

title: Primary and specialist XXXX care three years after introduction of health care system reform in Poland.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Persistent severe @entity3 in pregnancy is called @entity4 gravidarum. The etiology of this disorder is still unknown. @entity1 and psychological factors are mentioned as possible causes. Vomiting usually stops after the end of the first trimester of pregnancy. CASE REPORT: A case of persistent, severe @entity3 during pregnancy is reported. The @entity0 was admitted to the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Novi Sad in the 29th week gestation due to persistent @entity3 from the beginning of pregnancy. A psychological evaluation including current @entity2 was performed. The obtained results showed that @entity4 gravidarum was a consequence of associated psychosocial factors, and conflicts causing somatic disorders. CONCLUSION: Such cases point to the importance of psychotherapy in pregnancy either with or without drug therapy. In addition, we underline the importance of psychological preparation before pregnancy and better information about pregnancy and motherhood.

title: [Persistent XXXX gravidarum as a psychosomatic dysfunction--case report].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: We compared the efficacy of medical masks, N95 respirators (fit tested and non fit tested), in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: A cluster randomized clinical trial (RCT) of 1441 @entity2 in 15 Beijing hospitals was performed during the 2008/2009 winter. @entity0 wore masks or respirators during the entire work shift for 4 weeks. Outcomes included clinical @entity4 (CRI), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), laboratory-confirmed @entity5 and @entity3 . A convenience no-mask/respirator group of 481 health workers from nine hospitals was compared. FINDINGS: The rates of CRI (3  9% versus 6  7%), @entity3 (0  3% versus 0  6%), laboratory-confirmed respiratory virus (1  4% versus 2  6%) and @entity3 (0  3% versus 1%) @entity1 were consistently lower for the N95 group compared to medical masks. By intention-to-treat analysis, when P values were adjusted for clustering, non-fit-tested N95 respirators were significantly more protective than medical masks against CRI, but no other outcomes were significant. The rates of all outcomes were higher in the convenience no-mask group compared to the intervention arms. There was no significant difference in outcomes between the N95 arms with and without fit testing. Rates of fit test failure were low. In a post hoc analysis adjusted for potential confounders, N95 masks and hospital level were significant, but medical masks, vaccination, handwashing and high-risk procedures were not. INTERPRETATION: Rates of @entity1 in the medical mask group were double that in the N95 group. A benefit of respirators is suggested but would need to be confirmed by a larger trial, as this study may have been underpowered. The finding on fit testing is specific to the type of respirator used in the study and cannot be generalized to other respirators. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN: ACTRN12609000257268 (http://www.anzctr.org.au).

title: A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: We compared the efficacy of medical masks, N95 respirators (fit tested and non fit tested), in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: A cluster randomized clinical trial (RCT) of 1441 @entity2 in 15 Beijing hospitals was performed during the 2008/2009 winter. @entity0 wore masks or respirators during the entire work shift for 4 weeks. Outcomes included clinical @entity4 (CRI), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), laboratory-confirmed @entity5 and @entity3 . A convenience no-mask/respirator group of 481 health workers from nine hospitals was compared. FINDINGS: The rates of CRI (3  9% versus 6  7%), @entity3 (0  3% versus 0  6%), laboratory-confirmed respiratory virus (1  4% versus 2  6%) and @entity3 (0  3% versus 1%) @entity1 were consistently lower for the N95 group compared to medical masks. By intention-to-treat analysis, when P values were adjusted for clustering, non-fit-tested N95 respirators were significantly more protective than medical masks against CRI, but no other outcomes were significant. The rates of all outcomes were higher in the convenience no-mask group compared to the intervention arms. There was no significant difference in outcomes between the N95 arms with and without fit testing. Rates of fit test failure were low. In a post hoc analysis adjusted for potential confounders, N95 masks and hospital level were significant, but medical masks, vaccination, handwashing and high-risk procedures were not. INTERPRETATION: Rates of @entity1 in the medical mask group were double that in the N95 group. A benefit of respirators is suggested but would need to be confirmed by a larger trial, as this study may have been underpowered. The finding on fit testing is specific to the type of respirator used in the study and cannot be generalized to other respirators. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN: ACTRN12609000257268 (http://www.anzctr.org.au).

title: A cluster randomized clinical trial comparing fit-tested and non-fit-tested N95 respirators to medical masks to prevent @entity5 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the respective value of dual-phase helical CT arterial portography (CTAP) and conventional angiography in preoperative predicting resectability of @entity3 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Tumor resectability was prospectively evaluated in 54 @entity0 with pathologically proven @entity3 who later underwent surgery. Both dual-phase helical CT scanning and selective angiography were obtained in each @entity0 preoperatively. For optimal enhancement of pancreas and major peripancreatic vessels, two catheters connected to an automatic injector via a Y-shaped tube were placed selective angiography, one in celiac trunk, the other in superior mesenteric artery. Then the @entity0 underwent dual-phase helical CTAP of pancreas and liver. The criteria of irresectability for CTAP include: @entity1 diameter > or = 5 cm, extrapancreatic invasion, distant metastases and vascular involvement (occlusion, @entity2 or semicircular encasement of superior mesenteric artery, hepatic artery, splenic artery, celiac axis; portal vein, superior mesenteric vein or splenic vein). The results of both modalities were correlated with findings from surgery or pathology. RESULTS: Thirty-eight of 54 @entity0 had nonresectable disease. In prediction the irresectability, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and overall accuracy were 94.7%, 100%, 100%, 88.9%, 96.3% respectively for helical CTAP and 63.2%, 93.89%, 96.0%, 51.7%, 72. 2% respectively for selective angiography. In assessing vascular involvements, dual-phase helical CTAP was also superior to selective angiography. CONCLUSION: Dual-phase helical CTAP is superior to angiography in assessing resectability of @entity3 . The combination of the two modalities may further improve overall creatic

title: Assessing the resectability of XXXX : comparision of dual-phase helical CT arterial portography with conventional angiography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In 22q11.2 deletion @entity0 , the normal decrease in T lymphocyte counts after 1-2   years is blunted such that relatively T lymphocyte numbers increase over early childhood, probably via post-thymic expansion of peripheral lymphocytes. This may leave less T lymphocyte receptor (TCR) diversity than when derived from naive thymic emigrants. We analysed TCR Vb repertoire on 27 22q11.2 chromosome deletion @entity0 . No @entity0 had @entity1 at sampling. CD3(+) @entity2 (+) recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) were identified by CD45RA and @entity6 expression. TCR Vb repertoire was determined using four-colour flow cytometry. @entity0 and controls showed significant TCR Vb family usage differences between CD3(+) @entity2 (+) and CD3(+) @entity2 (-) T lymphocyte subpopulations. @entity8 (  3   SD of controls) were identified in 18/27 (67%) @entity0 and 12/47 (25%) controls. In @entity0 , the magnitude of expansions was increased, with some Vb families representing 37% of the cells present in the subpopulations. There was a significant increase in frequency of abnormalities in CD3(+) @entity2 (+) (P   <   0.001) and CD3(+) @entity2 (-) T lymphocytes (P   <   0.05) in @entity0 . A total of 11/16 @entity0 had an abnormal @entity2 (+) @entity7 (Bright) TCR Vb repertoire. There was no difference in expansions/contractions between @entity2 (+) @entity7 (Bright) and @entity2 (+) T lymphocyte repertoires (P   =   0.575) for individual @entity0 but significant differences in expansions/contractions between @entity2 (+) @entity7 (Bright) and @entity3 (+) T lymphocytes repertoires (P   =   0.011). There was bias in Vb usage between CD3(+) @entity2 (+) and CD3(+) @entity2 (-) T lymphocyte subsets. A total of 67% @entity0 had TCR Vb @entity5 , with a trend towards increased @entity5 with fewer RTEs, suggesting thymic output plays an important role in TCR repertoire diversity. There was no correlation between skewed repertoire and symptoms of @entity1 or @entity4 .

title: Flow cytometric analysis of TCR Vb repertoire in XXXX with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: While lung transplantation is an increasingly utilized therapy for advanced @entity5 , chronic rejection in the form of @entity10 ( @entity10 ) continues to result in significant allograft dysfunction and @entity0 mortality. Despite correlation of clinical events with eventual development of @entity10 , the causative pathophysiology remains unknown. Airway epithelial cells within the region of @entity1 and @entity2 associated with @entity10 may have a participatory role. METHODS: Transplant derived airway epithelial cells differentiated in air liquid interface culture were treated with @entity8 and/or @entity3 , after which secretion of cytokines and growth factor and gene expression for markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition were analyzed. RESULTS: Secretion of @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity4 , but not @entity9 , was increased by @entity8 stimulation. In contrast to previous studies using epithelial cells grown in submersion culture, treatment of differentiated cells in ALI culture with @entity3 did not elicit cytokine or growth factor secretion, and did not alter @entity6 , @entity7 , or @entity4 production in response to @entity8 treatment. Neither @entity8 nor @entity3 elicited expression of markers of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition @entity11 , EDN-fibronectin, and a-smooth muscle actin. CONCLUSION: Transplant derived differentiated airway epithelial cell @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity4 secretion is not regulated by @entity3 in vitro; these cells thus may participate in local inflammatory responses in the setting of immunosuppression. Further, treatment with @entity8 did not elicit gene expression of markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. These data present a model of differentiated airway epithelial cells that may be useful in understanding epithelial participation in @entity1 and allograft rejection in lung transplantation.

title: Differentiated transplant derived airway epithelial cell cytokine secretion is not regulated by XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: There is no standard second-line chemotherapy treatment for recurrent or metastatic @entity1 (MUC). The purpose of this phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of the three-drug combination of @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity15 (TIN). @entity0 with MUC were eligible after treatment failure with @entity14 , @entity16 , @entity8 , and @entity10 , or @entity2 and @entity10 . Doses for TIN therapy were @entity12 175   mg/m2 on day 1, @entity11 1500   mg/m2 on days 1-3, and @entity15 70   mg/m2 on day 1, every 4   weeks. @entity1 response, the primary efficacy parameter, was assessed according to unidimensional measurements (Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity1 criteria, version 1.0). Secondary efficacy parameters were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). @entity3 was assessed according to the National @entity1 Institute Common @entity3 Criteria, version 3.0. A total of 45 @entity0 (13 females and 32 males) with MUC were evaluable for response and @entity3 . The overall response rate was 40.0%. Median PFS time was 4.0   months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6-11.6). Median OS time was 8.9   months (95% CI, 10.5-18.9). Grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse events were @entity13 (95.6%), @entity4 (15.6%), and @entity9 (17.8%). The most common grade 3 or 4 non-hematologic adverse events were @entity5 (4.4%) and elevated @entity6 transaminase/ @entity7 transaminase (2.2%). No toxic death was observed. The main limitation of this study is that only 10 @entity0 (22.2%) who were previously treated with @entity2 and @entity10 were included. In conclusion, @entity17 as second-line treatment for MUC is an active regimen with a manageable @entity3 profile.

title: @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity15 as second-line treatment for XXXX with metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a phase II study of the SUOC group.

answer: @entity0


abstract: There is no standard second-line chemotherapy treatment for recurrent or metastatic @entity1 (MUC). The purpose of this phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of the three-drug combination of @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity15 (TIN). @entity0 with MUC were eligible after treatment failure with @entity14 , @entity16 , @entity8 , and @entity10 , or @entity2 and @entity10 . Doses for TIN therapy were @entity12 175   mg/m2 on day 1, @entity11 1500   mg/m2 on days 1-3, and @entity15 70   mg/m2 on day 1, every 4   weeks. @entity1 response, the primary efficacy parameter, was assessed according to unidimensional measurements (Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity1 criteria, version 1.0). Secondary efficacy parameters were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). @entity3 was assessed according to the National @entity1 Institute Common @entity3 Criteria, version 3.0. A total of 45 @entity0 (13 females and 32 males) with MUC were evaluable for response and @entity3 . The overall response rate was 40.0%. Median PFS time was 4.0   months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6-11.6). Median OS time was 8.9   months (95% CI, 10.5-18.9). Grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse events were @entity13 (95.6%), @entity4 (15.6%), and @entity9 (17.8%). The most common grade 3 or 4 non-hematologic adverse events were @entity5 (4.4%) and elevated @entity6 transaminase/ @entity7 transaminase (2.2%). No toxic death was observed. The main limitation of this study is that only 10 @entity0 (22.2%) who were previously treated with @entity2 and @entity10 were included. In conclusion, @entity17 as second-line treatment for MUC is an active regimen with a manageable @entity3 profile.

title: @entity12 , XXXX , and @entity15 as second-line treatment for @entity0 with metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a phase II study of the SUOC group.

answer: @entity11


abstract: There is no standard second-line chemotherapy treatment for recurrent or metastatic @entity1 (MUC). The purpose of this phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of the three-drug combination of @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity15 (TIN). @entity0 with MUC were eligible after treatment failure with @entity14 , @entity16 , @entity8 , and @entity10 , or @entity2 and @entity10 . Doses for TIN therapy were @entity12 175   mg/m2 on day 1, @entity11 1500   mg/m2 on days 1-3, and @entity15 70   mg/m2 on day 1, every 4   weeks. @entity1 response, the primary efficacy parameter, was assessed according to unidimensional measurements (Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity1 criteria, version 1.0). Secondary efficacy parameters were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). @entity3 was assessed according to the National @entity1 Institute Common @entity3 Criteria, version 3.0. A total of 45 @entity0 (13 females and 32 males) with MUC were evaluable for response and @entity3 . The overall response rate was 40.0%. Median PFS time was 4.0   months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6-11.6). Median OS time was 8.9   months (95% CI, 10.5-18.9). Grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse events were @entity13 (95.6%), @entity4 (15.6%), and @entity9 (17.8%). The most common grade 3 or 4 non-hematologic adverse events were @entity5 (4.4%) and elevated @entity6 transaminase/ @entity7 transaminase (2.2%). No toxic death was observed. The main limitation of this study is that only 10 @entity0 (22.2%) who were previously treated with @entity2 and @entity10 were included. In conclusion, @entity17 as second-line treatment for MUC is an active regimen with a manageable @entity3 profile.

title: @entity12 , @entity11 , and XXXX as second-line treatment for @entity0 with metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a phase II study of the SUOC group.

answer: @entity15


abstract: There is no standard second-line chemotherapy treatment for recurrent or metastatic @entity1 (MUC). The purpose of this phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of the three-drug combination of @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity15 (TIN). @entity0 with MUC were eligible after treatment failure with @entity14 , @entity16 , @entity8 , and @entity10 , or @entity2 and @entity10 . Doses for TIN therapy were @entity12 175   mg/m2 on day 1, @entity11 1500   mg/m2 on days 1-3, and @entity15 70   mg/m2 on day 1, every 4   weeks. @entity1 response, the primary efficacy parameter, was assessed according to unidimensional measurements (Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity1 criteria, version 1.0). Secondary efficacy parameters were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). @entity3 was assessed according to the National @entity1 Institute Common @entity3 Criteria, version 3.0. A total of 45 @entity0 (13 females and 32 males) with MUC were evaluable for response and @entity3 . The overall response rate was 40.0%. Median PFS time was 4.0   months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6-11.6). Median OS time was 8.9   months (95% CI, 10.5-18.9). Grade 3 or 4 hematologic adverse events were @entity13 (95.6%), @entity4 (15.6%), and @entity9 (17.8%). The most common grade 3 or 4 non-hematologic adverse events were @entity5 (4.4%) and elevated @entity6 transaminase/ @entity7 transaminase (2.2%). No toxic death was observed. The main limitation of this study is that only 10 @entity0 (22.2%) who were previously treated with @entity2 and @entity10 were included. In conclusion, @entity17 as second-line treatment for MUC is an active regimen with a manageable @entity3 profile.

title: XXXX , @entity11 , and @entity15 as second-line treatment for @entity0 with metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a phase II study of the SUOC group.

answer: @entity12


abstract: The interaction of @entity6 and @entity7 with @entity3 was studied. @entity0 stable on @entity3 therapy and concurrently taking a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) inhibitor comparator (traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications, @entity8 , or @entity4 ) randomly received @entity6 200 mg/day or @entity7 25 mg/day for three weeks. After a one-week washout period, the @entity0 were crossed over to treatment with the opposite @entity5 inhibitor for three more weeks. The International Normalized Ratio (INR) was measured at baseline and at weeks 1, 2, and 3 of therapy with each @entity5 inhibitor by testing blood samples obtained by finger stick. Data for 16 @entity0 were analyzed. The INR increased by 13%, 6%, and 5% on average in @entity0 taking @entity6 at weeks 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and by 5%, 9%, and 5% in @entity0 taking @entity7 . Changes in the INR were statistically significant at week 1 for @entity6 and at week 2 for @entity7 . Of the 12 subjects who had a clinically significant > or = 15% change in the INR while receiving either @entity5 inhibitor, 4 showed this change for both agents. @entity2 were similar for each @entity5 inhibitor, but the rate of @entity1 requiring medical intervention was higher in the @entity7 group. Significant increases in the INR were observed in @entity0 who were stable on @entity3 therapy after the addition of therapy with @entity7 or @entity6 .

title: Interaction of @entity7 and XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The interaction of @entity6 and @entity7 with @entity3 was studied. @entity0 stable on @entity3 therapy and concurrently taking a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) inhibitor comparator (traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications, @entity8 , or @entity4 ) randomly received @entity6 200 mg/day or @entity7 25 mg/day for three weeks. After a one-week washout period, the @entity0 were crossed over to treatment with the opposite @entity5 inhibitor for three more weeks. The International Normalized Ratio (INR) was measured at baseline and at weeks 1, 2, and 3 of therapy with each @entity5 inhibitor by testing blood samples obtained by finger stick. Data for 16 @entity0 were analyzed. The INR increased by 13%, 6%, and 5% on average in @entity0 taking @entity6 at weeks 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and by 5%, 9%, and 5% in @entity0 taking @entity7 . Changes in the INR were statistically significant at week 1 for @entity6 and at week 2 for @entity7 . Of the 12 subjects who had a clinically significant > or = 15% change in the INR while receiving either @entity5 inhibitor, 4 showed this change for both agents. @entity2 were similar for each @entity5 inhibitor, but the rate of @entity1 requiring medical intervention was higher in the @entity7 group. Significant increases in the INR were observed in @entity0 who were stable on @entity3 therapy after the addition of therapy with @entity7 or @entity6 .

title: Interaction of XXXX and @entity6 with @entity3 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The interaction of @entity6 and @entity7 with @entity3 was studied. @entity0 stable on @entity3 therapy and concurrently taking a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) inhibitor comparator (traditional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications, @entity8 , or @entity4 ) randomly received @entity6 200 mg/day or @entity7 25 mg/day for three weeks. After a one-week washout period, the @entity0 were crossed over to treatment with the opposite @entity5 inhibitor for three more weeks. The International Normalized Ratio (INR) was measured at baseline and at weeks 1, 2, and 3 of therapy with each @entity5 inhibitor by testing blood samples obtained by finger stick. Data for 16 @entity0 were analyzed. The INR increased by 13%, 6%, and 5% on average in @entity0 taking @entity6 at weeks 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and by 5%, 9%, and 5% in @entity0 taking @entity7 . Changes in the INR were statistically significant at week 1 for @entity6 and at week 2 for @entity7 . Of the 12 subjects who had a clinically significant > or = 15% change in the INR while receiving either @entity5 inhibitor, 4 showed this change for both agents. @entity2 were similar for each @entity5 inhibitor, but the rate of @entity1 requiring medical intervention was higher in the @entity7 group. Significant increases in the INR were observed in @entity0 who were stable on @entity3 therapy after the addition of therapy with @entity7 or @entity6 .

title: Interaction of @entity7 and @entity6 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The major form of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterised by immune-mediated pancreatic islet b-cell destruction, and has also been called type 1A @entity1 to distinguish it from idiopathic forms of islet b-cell loss. Since the first demonstration of islet cell antibodies in 1974, the concept has been that this form of @entity1 is autoimmune in nature. The commonly accepted concept is that antibodies (representing the humoral arm of the immune system) do not mediate the b-cell destruction but rather serve as markers of that destruction, while the cellular arm of the immune system, specifically T-lymphocytes, mediate the b-cell destruction. Yet, the T-lymphocytes do not act alone. They receive help in initiating the response from antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages, and appear to receive help also from B-lymphocytes. In addition, the initial immune response engenders secondary and tertiary responses - involving the whole immunological army - which collectively result in impairment of b-cell function, progressive destruction of b-cells, and consequent development of type 1A @entity1 . The process is insidious and may evolve over many years, with the overt expression of clinical symptoms becoming apparent only when most b-cells have been destroyed. Yet, the process clearly evolves at different speeds - much more rapidly in young @entity0 , much more slowly in older individuals. And, although it has been thought that ultimately there is complete b-cell destruction, several studies have now demonstrated some degree of persistent b-cell function or existence (at autopsy) in long-standing @entity4 . A major focus of investigation in @entity4 is the preservation of b-cell function (and, it is hoped, of b-cells themselves), in the expectation that continuing endogenous insulin secretion will contribute towards better glycaemic control, reduce episodes of severe hypoglycaemia, and slow the development of complications such as @entity3 and @entity2 . Thus, there have been many studies designed to interdict the @entity4 disease process, mostly by altering the immune system, both during the stage of evolution of the disease and at the time of disease onset. This chapter of the Yearbook of Advanced Technology and Treatments in @entity1 reviews the key papers that have appeared in this field between July 2009 and June 2010. Articles selected were confined to studies in @entity0 beings. All immune intervention studies reported in this time frame were included. In addition, the author selected other relevant articles dealing with mechanisms, markers, triggers, and pathology of @entity0 @entity4 .

title: Immune intervention for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a hereditary condition that can cause discoloration of teeth in addition to other @entity2 . @entity0 often present to the dentist with a main goal of improving their esthetics. A myriad of treatment options have been described for this condition. This clinical report describes the management of a young adult with @entity3 who desired improvement in dental esthetics after orthodontic treatment. As a result of his condition, the @entity0 's dentition exhibited the classic generalized dark amber opalescence. A 14% @entity1 gel was used for bleaching of the maxillary and mandibular teeth, performed by the @entity0 at home. The @entity0 was followed at different intervals, and the improvement in teeth shade was significant and remained stable at 3.5 years. No adverse effects were observed. This article is the first case report in the literature describing the long-term follow-up of teeth bleaching in a @entity0 with @entity3 . CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Teeth bleaching may be considered as the first choice of treatment in @entity3 @entity0 . If successful, it offers a simple, conservative, and economical solution to satisfy the esthetic requirements of these @entity0 .

title: Successful bleaching of teeth with XXXX discoloration: a case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity3 correlates with @entity1 and its common risk factors due to the development of @entity4 . Positive effects on endothelial and erectile function have been described for substances inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-system. Here, we investigated in an @entity5 model, whether @entity10 (angiotensin receptor blocker) and @entity8 (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) are equivalent or the combination of both is superior in improving endothelial function in the aorta and the corpus cavernosum and in reducing @entity5 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Wild-type (WT, C57/B6) and apolipoprotein-E-deficient ( @entity9 (-/-) ) @entity0 were treated with a @entity2 -rich diet for 8 weeks. @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 were supplemented with either @entity10 (20 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ), @entity8 (2.5 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ) or the combination thereof. KEY RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased in treatment groups (P < 0.001), with significantly smaller reduction under @entity8 monotherapy (P < 0.05). Endothelial function (assessed by pharmacological stimulation of aortic rings and corpus cavernosum in organ bath chambers) was impaired in @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 compared to WT animals, which was improved by all three treatments to a comparable extent (P < 0.05). @entity5 size in the ascending aorta and aortic sinus (P < 0.001), the amount of lipid @entity7 in cavernosal and aortic tissue (P < 0.05) and free radical load ( @entity11 -stain) (P < 0.05) were enhanced in untreated @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 in comparison to WT animals and were significantly reduced by either treatment. In penile tissue, expression of eNOS could be restored by renin-angiotensin- @entity6 system blockade. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: @entity10 and @entity8 significantly improved endothelial function of aortic and cavernosal tissues in @entity9 (-/-) via reduction of oxidative stress. Combination of both agents does not enhance beneficial effects significantly.

title: @entity10 , @entity8 and their combination improve endothelial function in different tissues in a XXXX model of @entity2 -induced @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity3 correlates with @entity1 and its common risk factors due to the development of @entity4 . Positive effects on endothelial and erectile function have been described for substances inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-system. Here, we investigated in an @entity5 model, whether @entity10 (angiotensin receptor blocker) and @entity8 (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) are equivalent or the combination of both is superior in improving endothelial function in the aorta and the corpus cavernosum and in reducing @entity5 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Wild-type (WT, C57/B6) and apolipoprotein-E-deficient ( @entity9 (-/-) ) @entity0 were treated with a @entity2 -rich diet for 8 weeks. @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 were supplemented with either @entity10 (20 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ), @entity8 (2.5 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ) or the combination thereof. KEY RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased in treatment groups (P < 0.001), with significantly smaller reduction under @entity8 monotherapy (P < 0.05). Endothelial function (assessed by pharmacological stimulation of aortic rings and corpus cavernosum in organ bath chambers) was impaired in @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 compared to WT animals, which was improved by all three treatments to a comparable extent (P < 0.05). @entity5 size in the ascending aorta and aortic sinus (P < 0.001), the amount of lipid @entity7 in cavernosal and aortic tissue (P < 0.05) and free radical load ( @entity11 -stain) (P < 0.05) were enhanced in untreated @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 in comparison to WT animals and were significantly reduced by either treatment. In penile tissue, expression of eNOS could be restored by renin-angiotensin- @entity6 system blockade. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: @entity10 and @entity8 significantly improved endothelial function of aortic and cavernosal tissues in @entity9 (-/-) via reduction of oxidative stress. Combination of both agents does not enhance beneficial effects significantly.

title: XXXX , @entity8 and their combination improve endothelial function in different tissues in a @entity0 model of @entity2 -induced @entity5 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity3 correlates with @entity1 and its common risk factors due to the development of @entity4 . Positive effects on endothelial and erectile function have been described for substances inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-system. Here, we investigated in an @entity5 model, whether @entity10 (angiotensin receptor blocker) and @entity8 (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) are equivalent or the combination of both is superior in improving endothelial function in the aorta and the corpus cavernosum and in reducing @entity5 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Wild-type (WT, C57/B6) and apolipoprotein-E-deficient ( @entity9 (-/-) ) @entity0 were treated with a @entity2 -rich diet for 8 weeks. @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 were supplemented with either @entity10 (20 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ), @entity8 (2.5 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ) or the combination thereof. KEY RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased in treatment groups (P < 0.001), with significantly smaller reduction under @entity8 monotherapy (P < 0.05). Endothelial function (assessed by pharmacological stimulation of aortic rings and corpus cavernosum in organ bath chambers) was impaired in @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 compared to WT animals, which was improved by all three treatments to a comparable extent (P < 0.05). @entity5 size in the ascending aorta and aortic sinus (P < 0.001), the amount of lipid @entity7 in cavernosal and aortic tissue (P < 0.05) and free radical load ( @entity11 -stain) (P < 0.05) were enhanced in untreated @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 in comparison to WT animals and were significantly reduced by either treatment. In penile tissue, expression of eNOS could be restored by renin-angiotensin- @entity6 system blockade. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: @entity10 and @entity8 significantly improved endothelial function of aortic and cavernosal tissues in @entity9 (-/-) via reduction of oxidative stress. Combination of both agents does not enhance beneficial effects significantly.

title: @entity10 , @entity8 and their combination improve endothelial function in different tissues in a @entity0 model of XXXX -induced @entity5 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity3 correlates with @entity1 and its common risk factors due to the development of @entity4 . Positive effects on endothelial and erectile function have been described for substances inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-system. Here, we investigated in an @entity5 model, whether @entity10 (angiotensin receptor blocker) and @entity8 (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) are equivalent or the combination of both is superior in improving endothelial function in the aorta and the corpus cavernosum and in reducing @entity5 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Wild-type (WT, C57/B6) and apolipoprotein-E-deficient ( @entity9 (-/-) ) @entity0 were treated with a @entity2 -rich diet for 8 weeks. @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 were supplemented with either @entity10 (20 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ), @entity8 (2.5 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ) or the combination thereof. KEY RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased in treatment groups (P < 0.001), with significantly smaller reduction under @entity8 monotherapy (P < 0.05). Endothelial function (assessed by pharmacological stimulation of aortic rings and corpus cavernosum in organ bath chambers) was impaired in @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 compared to WT animals, which was improved by all three treatments to a comparable extent (P < 0.05). @entity5 size in the ascending aorta and aortic sinus (P < 0.001), the amount of lipid @entity7 in cavernosal and aortic tissue (P < 0.05) and free radical load ( @entity11 -stain) (P < 0.05) were enhanced in untreated @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 in comparison to WT animals and were significantly reduced by either treatment. In penile tissue, expression of eNOS could be restored by renin-angiotensin- @entity6 system blockade. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: @entity10 and @entity8 significantly improved endothelial function of aortic and cavernosal tissues in @entity9 (-/-) via reduction of oxidative stress. Combination of both agents does not enhance beneficial effects significantly.

title: @entity10 , @entity8 and their combination improve endothelial function in different tissues in a @entity0 model of @entity2 -induced XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity3 correlates with @entity1 and its common risk factors due to the development of @entity4 . Positive effects on endothelial and erectile function have been described for substances inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-system. Here, we investigated in an @entity5 model, whether @entity10 (angiotensin receptor blocker) and @entity8 (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) are equivalent or the combination of both is superior in improving endothelial function in the aorta and the corpus cavernosum and in reducing @entity5 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Wild-type (WT, C57/B6) and apolipoprotein-E-deficient ( @entity9 (-/-) ) @entity0 were treated with a @entity2 -rich diet for 8 weeks. @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 were supplemented with either @entity10 (20 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ), @entity8 (2.5 mg  kg(-1)   day(-1) ) or the combination thereof. KEY RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure significantly decreased in treatment groups (P < 0.001), with significantly smaller reduction under @entity8 monotherapy (P < 0.05). Endothelial function (assessed by pharmacological stimulation of aortic rings and corpus cavernosum in organ bath chambers) was impaired in @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 compared to WT animals, which was improved by all three treatments to a comparable extent (P < 0.05). @entity5 size in the ascending aorta and aortic sinus (P < 0.001), the amount of lipid @entity7 in cavernosal and aortic tissue (P < 0.05) and free radical load ( @entity11 -stain) (P < 0.05) were enhanced in untreated @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 in comparison to WT animals and were significantly reduced by either treatment. In penile tissue, expression of eNOS could be restored by renin-angiotensin- @entity6 system blockade. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: @entity10 and @entity8 significantly improved endothelial function of aortic and cavernosal tissues in @entity9 (-/-) via reduction of oxidative stress. Combination of both agents does not enhance beneficial effects significantly.

title: @entity10 , XXXX and their combination improve endothelial function in different tissues in a @entity0 model of @entity2 -induced @entity5 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cockroach proteins induce @entity4 including @entity3 in predisposed individuals. Well-designed controlled studies are required to show the effect of cockroach immunotherapy (IT). This study is aimed to assess changes in clinical and immunological parameters post-IT with @entity2 extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of cockroach IT was performed for 1year in 50 @entity0 of @entity3 , @entity5 or both. The efficacy of IT was assessed by change in skin reactivity and clinical parameters such as symptom/drug score, airway reactivity and immunological parameters namely IgE, IgG1 and IgG4, @entity6 and @entity1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting using @entity0 ' sera at baseline and after 1year of treatment. RESULTS: Immunotherapy with cockroach extract demonstrated significant improvement in clinical parameters of active group @entity0 compared with baseline values and placebo group. Specific IgE levels showed a modest reduction, while IgG4 levels increased significantly in active IT group after 1year. IgE immunoblotting demonstrated reduction in intensity and number of specific bands, whereas IgG4 binding showed more number and distinct bands following IT. Active group @entity0 showed correlation between increase in IgG4/IgG1 ratio and reduction in symptom score post-IT. CONCLUSIONS: Immunotherapy with cockroach extract improved clinical and immunological status of @entity3 and @entity5 @entity0 . Clinical improvement in @entity0 after IT is associated with immunological changes.

title: Clinico-immunological changes post-immunotherapy with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To define the histological criteria of primary @entity8 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-two @entity8 of bone in 23 males and 15 females were studied. Histological criteria were related to @entity0 ' outcome. Eleven @entity0 had @entity2 . Lesions were located in the long and short tubular bones followed by the pelvis, spine and trunk. @entity1 cells were positive for @entity5 in 38 of 40, @entity7 Factor in 21 of 35, @entity6 in 15 of 38, smooth muscle actin in 22 of 36, D2-40 in 11 of 35 and keratin AE1AE3 in 27 of 39. Thirty-nine @entity1 showed an epithelioid phenotype. One- and 5-year survival rates were 55% and 33%, respectively. Survival analysis showed that a macronucleolus, three or more mitoses per 10 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and fewer than five eosinophilic granulocytes per 10 @entity4 within a @entity1 was associated with an even worse survival compared to the overall group. CONCLUSIONS: Because keratin positivity is seen in the majority of cases, pathologists should avoid misinterpretation as @entity3 . A macronucleolus, three or more mitoses per 10 @entity4 and fewer than five eosinophilic granulocytes per 10 @entity4 can be used to further define @entity8 .

title: Distinct histological features characterize primary XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: The therapeutic strategy in @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is a difficult balance between the prevention of bleeding and @entity6 complications and the risks of @entity2 and @entity2 . @entity5 is rare and seems to be related to higher platelet counts. Therefore, a platelet count greater than 1500 x 10(9)/L is generally regarded as an indication for cytoreduction. @entity6 complications include @entity3 , which are usually reversible with low-dose @entity1 , and large vessel @entity6 . The risk of major @entity6 is higher in @entity0 with @entity9 who are older than 60 years and who have had a previous occlusive event. In this high-risk group, the nonalkylating agent @entity7 significantly reduces the rate of @entity4 and has emerged as the treatment of choice. However, the long-term risk:benefit ratio of @entity7 remains disputed because its leukemogenic potential has not been ruled out. This holds also for other myelosuppressive agents such as @entity8 and @entity11 . Other drugs of particular interest for young @entity0 include recombinant interferon-alpha and anagrelide. Both of these drugs are effective in lowering platelet counts, but their efficacy in reducing clinical complications remains to be demonstrated. Furthermore, interferon and @entity10 have frequent and clinically important side effects. Thus, further clinical studies are required to establish their role in the management of @entity0 with @entity9 .

title: Treatment indications and choice of a platelet-lowering agent in XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess efficacy and morbidity of microwave ablation (MWA) for small @entity2 in an initial cohort of @entity0 . MWA is a recently introduced thermal needle ablation treatment modality with theoretical advantages compared with radiofrequency ablation, such as greater intratumoral temperatures, lack of a grounding pad, and superior convection profile. However, experience has been limited in the @entity0 kidney. METHODS: Ten @entity0 with a single, solid-enhancing @entity2 from June 2008 to November 2008 received laparoscopic or computed tomography-guided percutaneous MWA at a tertiary referral center with >= 14 months of follow-up. MWA was performed using the Valleylab Evident, 915-MHz MWA system at 45 W with intraoperative biopsy before ablation, and peripheral fiberoptic thermometry to determine the treatment endpoints. The @entity0 were followed up with contrast-enhanced computed tomography at 1 month, 6 months to 1 year, and annually to monitor for @entity1 recurrence. RESULTS: The follow-up duration for the 6 male and 4 female @entity0 (mean @entity1 size 3.65 cm, range 2.0-5.5; mean age 69.8 years) was 17.9 months. The recurrence rate, defined by persistent enhancement, was 38% (3 of 8). The intraoperative and postoperative complication rate was 20% and 40%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: MWA resulted in poor oncologic outcomes with a significant complication rate at an intermediate level of follow-up. However, MWA has promising theoretical advantages and should not be discarded. Additional studies should be considered to better understand the microwave-tissue interaction and treatment endpoints for different size renal masses before widespread use.

title: Initial experience using microwave ablation therapy for XXXX treatment: 18-month follow-up.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the cost-effectiveness a school-based intervention designed to reduce overweight/ @entity1 and other cardiovascular risk factors in @entity0 . METHODS: Standard cost effectiveness analysis methods and two perspectives (societal and institutional) were used. A cluster-randomized controlled trial with 10 intervention schools (691 @entity0 ) and 10 control schools (718 @entity0 ) was performed. Net costs were calculated by subtracting the usual after-school care cost from intervention costs. The effectiveness of the intervention was measured as the reduction in health outcomes compared with the control group. RESULTS: The intervention costs totaled 125,469.75   , representing 269.83    /year/ @entity0 . The usual after-school care was estimated at 844,56    /year/ @entity0 . Intervention @entity0 showed a decrease in triceps skinfold thickness (-1.25mm, 95% CI: -1.82 to -0.67; P<.001). Intervention @entity0 with body mass index (BMI) between the percentiles 25 and 75 showed a decrease in the percentage of body fat (-0.59%; 95% CI: -1.03 to -0.67; P<.001), and those with a BMI>P75 showed a decrease in triceps skinfold thickness (-1.87mm; 95%CI: -3.43 to -0.32; P<.001), and percentage of body fat (-0.67%; 95%CI: -1.32 to -0.01; P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: This type of after-school program for recreational physical activity to prevent @entity1 are likely to be a cost-effective use of public funds and warrant careful consideration by policy makers and program planners.

title: [Cost-effectiveness of an intervention to reduce overweight and XXXX in 9-10-year-olds. The Cuenca study].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Ten cases of spindle cell @entity4 with prominent papillary and pseudopapillary features were presented. The @entity0 were 7 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 between the ages of 47 and 75 years. Clinically, 3 @entity0 were asymptomatic, 1 @entity0 presented with @entity3 , 4 @entity0 with @entity5 , and 1 @entity0 with a history of @entity6 . One case was found during an autopsy procedure. Nine @entity0 underwent complete surgical resection of their mediastinal @entity2 , which varied in size from 4 to 9 cm in greatest diameter. Histologically, all @entity2 showed a spindle cell appearance (WHO type A) with elongated nuclei and inconspicuous nucleoli. Scattered lymphocytes were present admixed with the spindle cellular proliferation. In addition, all @entity2 showed prominent areas of papillary and pseudopapillary features, which varied in size and type. In some cases, prominent areas of hyalinization were also present, whereas in other cases the papillary-like changes were composed of @entity1 projections, which imparted these @entity2 a unique morphologic growth pattern. Three @entity2 were encapsulated, whereas 7 other @entity2 were invasive. Immunohistochemical studies for keratin CAM5.2 and keratin 5/6 showed strong positive reaction, whereas other stains including @entity9 , calretinin, @entity7 , and thyroglobulin were negative. Follow-up information showed that 2 @entity0 are alive and well, whereas 3 @entity0 have died. No follow-up information was obtained in 4 @entity0 . The current morphologic appearance has not been previously emphasized in @entity4 , which is important to recognize to avoid misdiagnosis with other @entity8 .

title: Spindle cell XXXX (WHO Type A) with prominent papillary and pseudopapillary features: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 10 cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is defined by the absence of intramural ganglia of Meissner and Auerbach along variable lengths of the gastrointestinal tract. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) type B is characterized by the @entity2 of the parasympathetic submucous plexus of the gut. A connection appears to exist between these two @entity4 . Due to the major role played by the @entity5 proto-oncogene in @entity3 , we sought to determine whether this gene was also related to INDB. dHPLC techniques were employed to screen the @entity5 coding region in 23 @entity0 presenting with INDB and 30 @entity0 with a combined @entity3 +INDB phenotype. In addition, eight @entity5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were strategically selected and genotyped by TaqMan technology. The distribution of SNPs and haplotypes was compared among the different groups of @entity0 (INDB, @entity3 +INDB, @entity3 ) and the controls. We found several @entity5 mutations in our @entity0 and some differences in the distribution of the @entity5 SNPs among the groups of study. Our results suggest an involvement of @entity5 in the pathogenesis of intestinal INDB, although by different molecular mechanisms than those leading to @entity3 . Further investigation is warranted to elucidate these precise mechanisms and to clarify the genetic nature of INDB.

title: Is the XXXX proto-oncogene involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1 type B?

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is defined by the absence of intramural ganglia of Meissner and Auerbach along variable lengths of the gastrointestinal tract. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) type B is characterized by the @entity2 of the parasympathetic submucous plexus of the gut. A connection appears to exist between these two @entity4 . Due to the major role played by the @entity5 proto-oncogene in @entity3 , we sought to determine whether this gene was also related to INDB. dHPLC techniques were employed to screen the @entity5 coding region in 23 @entity0 presenting with INDB and 30 @entity0 with a combined @entity3 +INDB phenotype. In addition, eight @entity5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were strategically selected and genotyped by TaqMan technology. The distribution of SNPs and haplotypes was compared among the different groups of @entity0 (INDB, @entity3 +INDB, @entity3 ) and the controls. We found several @entity5 mutations in our @entity0 and some differences in the distribution of the @entity5 SNPs among the groups of study. Our results suggest an involvement of @entity5 in the pathogenesis of intestinal INDB, although by different molecular mechanisms than those leading to @entity3 . Further investigation is warranted to elucidate these precise mechanisms and to clarify the genetic nature of INDB.

title: Is the @entity5 proto-oncogene involved in the pathogenesis of XXXX type B?

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have previously reported the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) sensitivity of @entity1 cells from @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 using the collagen gel droplet embedded culture-drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) under multiple drug concentrations and contact durations. Moreover, the area under the concentration curve (AUC) and growth inhibition rate (IR) were combined, resulting in the AUC-IR curve, which was approximated to the logarithmic curve. In the present study, we used the AUC-IR curve to calculate the individualized AUCIR50, the AUC value that imparts 50% growth inhibition. Individual AUCIR50 was calculated in @entity2 @entity0 , and its distribution was evaluated. The cumulative distribution of individual AUCIR50 was regressed over two lines (logarithmic scale). Among the 45 resectable @entity2 @entity0 , those who achieved more than the individual AUCIR50 during post-operative @entity3 -based chemotherapy demonstrated a trend towards better disease-free survival compared to those who did not achieve AUCIR50. Of the @entity4 @entity0 (n=10), those who achieved more than twice the individual AUCIR50 during post-operative @entity3 -based chemotherapy demonstrated significantly better survival rates (p=0.05) than those who did not. In this study, the distribution of the individual AUCIR50 suggested that approximately 6% of @entity0 demonstrated very low @entity3 sensitivity. Therefore, the individual AUCIR50 was useful in classifying good, intermediate and poor @entity3 response. Achievement of the individual AUCIR50 may be a prerequisite for individualized @entity3 -based adjuvant chemotherapy. As well, the early achievement of twice the individual AUCIR50 may indicate an improved prognosis in @entity4 @entity0 . The individual AUCIR50 using CD-DST is useful in determining the individualized chemotherapy of @entity2 @entity0 , thus CD-DST has the potential to facilitate the establishment of individualized chemotherapy for @entity2 .

title: Evaluation of the individual 50% inhibitory area under the concentration curve of @entity3 based on the collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have previously reported the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) sensitivity of @entity1 cells from @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 using the collagen gel droplet embedded culture-drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) under multiple drug concentrations and contact durations. Moreover, the area under the concentration curve (AUC) and growth inhibition rate (IR) were combined, resulting in the AUC-IR curve, which was approximated to the logarithmic curve. In the present study, we used the AUC-IR curve to calculate the individualized AUCIR50, the AUC value that imparts 50% growth inhibition. Individual AUCIR50 was calculated in @entity2 @entity0 , and its distribution was evaluated. The cumulative distribution of individual AUCIR50 was regressed over two lines (logarithmic scale). Among the 45 resectable @entity2 @entity0 , those who achieved more than the individual AUCIR50 during post-operative @entity3 -based chemotherapy demonstrated a trend towards better disease-free survival compared to those who did not achieve AUCIR50. Of the @entity4 @entity0 (n=10), those who achieved more than twice the individual AUCIR50 during post-operative @entity3 -based chemotherapy demonstrated significantly better survival rates (p=0.05) than those who did not. In this study, the distribution of the individual AUCIR50 suggested that approximately 6% of @entity0 demonstrated very low @entity3 sensitivity. Therefore, the individual AUCIR50 was useful in classifying good, intermediate and poor @entity3 response. Achievement of the individual AUCIR50 may be a prerequisite for individualized @entity3 -based adjuvant chemotherapy. As well, the early achievement of twice the individual AUCIR50 may indicate an improved prognosis in @entity4 @entity0 . The individual AUCIR50 using CD-DST is useful in determining the individualized chemotherapy of @entity2 @entity0 , thus CD-DST has the potential to facilitate the establishment of individualized chemotherapy for @entity2 .

title: Evaluation of the individual 50% inhibitory area under the concentration curve of XXXX based on the collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test in @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the analgesic effects of locally applied @entity4 in third molar surgery under general anesthesia. METHODS: @entity0 undergoing bilateral third molar surgery under general anesthesia were recruited into this double-blind, randomized, controlled study and were allocated to 3 study groups. Group D received preincision intravenous @entity4 (1 mcg/kg) and direct infiltration of normal saline to the surgical wounds at the end of the surgery. Group P received preincision intravenous normal saline and direct infiltration of @entity4 (1  g /kg) to the surgical wounds at the end of the surgery. A control group (group N) received normal saline at both time points. Postoperative analgesic effects, analgesic consumption, @entity2 satisfaction score, vital signs, adverse events, and postoperative recovery were assessed. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity0 from each group were studied. Postoperative resting @entity2 numerical rating scale scores were similar in all the groups. However, the areas under curves of numerical rating scale @entity2 scores during mouth opening for 1 to 72 hours were significantly lower in group P than in group N (P=0.012). Both heart rate and systolic blood pressure in the immediate postoperative period were significantly lower in groups D and P than in group N (P<0.001). @entity0 from groups D and P were also more sedated than @entity0 in group N (P=0.013 and P=0.007, respectively) but no difference in psychomotor recovery was observed. Respiratory rate, @entity1 saturation, common side effects, wound @entity3 rate, and @entity2 satisfaction scores were similar among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 seems to have an antihyperalgesic effect when administered locally after bilateral third molar surgery. There is no delay in psychomotor recovery or increase in postoperative clinically significant adverse events.

title: Evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of local XXXX application.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Few studies have investigated the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on anthropometric characteristics concomitantly with aerobic and anaerobic capacities in young @entity0 . The present study aimed to assess the effect of a 6-month physical activity program on body composition and physical fitness among primary schoolchildren. Four hundred fifty-seven @entity0 aged 6 to 10 years were randomly assigned to the intervention group (229 @entity0 ) or observational group (228 @entity0 ). @entity0 ' height and weight were assessed, and @entity1 was determined using French reference curves for BMI. The sum of the four skinfolds and fat-free mass were determined. Ground tests were used to assess aerobic (20-m shuttle run test) and anaerobic (cycling peak power) fitness before and after a 6-month physical activity intervention. The anthropometric modifications obtained over the 6 months cannot be attributed to the intervention as the ANOVA revealed no group effect (intervention vs. group). However, anaerobic and aerobic fitness were significantly improved, thanks to the program in both lean and @entity1 @entity0 . A 6-month school-based physical activity intervention in 6- to 10-year-old @entity0 did not yield positive anthropometric improvements, but appears effective in terms of aerobic and anaerobic physical fitness. Two physical activity sessions per week in addition to standard physical education classes in primary schoolchildren bring effective results for the prevention of @entity1 .

title: Effect of a 6-month school-based physical activity program on body composition and physical XXXX schoolchildren.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Sex hormones induce @entity2 or cell proliferation in various cell lines and in primary cultures. However, the signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that @entity5 and @entity3 induce apoptosis in HUVECs in a @entity6 - and @entity7 -dependent manner, and that @entity1 promotes proliferation via the activation of @entity6 . We showed that, at physiological doses, @entity5 and @entity3 promoted @entity6 , but not @entity7 , phosphorylation. Hormone inhibitors, on the other hand, prevented @entity6 phosphorylation. When supraphysiological doses were applied, both @entity6 and @entity7 were phosphorylated, causing apoptotic cell @entity2 . The addition of hormone inhibitors at an appropriate concentration did not prevent cell @entity2 or the phosphorylation of @entity6 and @entity7 . @entity1 , at physiological doses, promoted an increase in @entity6 phosphorylation that was blocked by @entity4 . At physiological and supraphysiological doses, it promoted a proliferative effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that @entity7 has an important pro-apoptotic function following @entity5 and @entity3 treatment in @entity0 endothelial cells, and that @entity6 has a proliferative effect following @entity1 treatment.

title: Effect of @entity1 , @entity5 and XXXX on apoptosis- and proliferation-induced MAPK signaling in @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Sex hormones induce @entity2 or cell proliferation in various cell lines and in primary cultures. However, the signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that @entity5 and @entity3 induce apoptosis in HUVECs in a @entity6 - and @entity7 -dependent manner, and that @entity1 promotes proliferation via the activation of @entity6 . We showed that, at physiological doses, @entity5 and @entity3 promoted @entity6 , but not @entity7 , phosphorylation. Hormone inhibitors, on the other hand, prevented @entity6 phosphorylation. When supraphysiological doses were applied, both @entity6 and @entity7 were phosphorylated, causing apoptotic cell @entity2 . The addition of hormone inhibitors at an appropriate concentration did not prevent cell @entity2 or the phosphorylation of @entity6 and @entity7 . @entity1 , at physiological doses, promoted an increase in @entity6 phosphorylation that was blocked by @entity4 . At physiological and supraphysiological doses, it promoted a proliferative effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that @entity7 has an important pro-apoptotic function following @entity5 and @entity3 treatment in @entity0 endothelial cells, and that @entity6 has a proliferative effect following @entity1 treatment.

title: Effect of XXXX , @entity5 and @entity3 on apoptosis- and proliferation-induced MAPK signaling in @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Sex hormones induce @entity2 or cell proliferation in various cell lines and in primary cultures. However, the signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that @entity5 and @entity3 induce apoptosis in HUVECs in a @entity6 - and @entity7 -dependent manner, and that @entity1 promotes proliferation via the activation of @entity6 . We showed that, at physiological doses, @entity5 and @entity3 promoted @entity6 , but not @entity7 , phosphorylation. Hormone inhibitors, on the other hand, prevented @entity6 phosphorylation. When supraphysiological doses were applied, both @entity6 and @entity7 were phosphorylated, causing apoptotic cell @entity2 . The addition of hormone inhibitors at an appropriate concentration did not prevent cell @entity2 or the phosphorylation of @entity6 and @entity7 . @entity1 , at physiological doses, promoted an increase in @entity6 phosphorylation that was blocked by @entity4 . At physiological and supraphysiological doses, it promoted a proliferative effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that @entity7 has an important pro-apoptotic function following @entity5 and @entity3 treatment in @entity0 endothelial cells, and that @entity6 has a proliferative effect following @entity1 treatment.

title: Effect of @entity1 , XXXX and @entity3 on apoptosis- and proliferation-induced MAPK signaling in @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Sex hormones induce @entity2 or cell proliferation in various cell lines and in primary cultures. However, the signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report that @entity5 and @entity3 induce apoptosis in HUVECs in a @entity6 - and @entity7 -dependent manner, and that @entity1 promotes proliferation via the activation of @entity6 . We showed that, at physiological doses, @entity5 and @entity3 promoted @entity6 , but not @entity7 , phosphorylation. Hormone inhibitors, on the other hand, prevented @entity6 phosphorylation. When supraphysiological doses were applied, both @entity6 and @entity7 were phosphorylated, causing apoptotic cell @entity2 . The addition of hormone inhibitors at an appropriate concentration did not prevent cell @entity2 or the phosphorylation of @entity6 and @entity7 . @entity1 , at physiological doses, promoted an increase in @entity6 phosphorylation that was blocked by @entity4 . At physiological and supraphysiological doses, it promoted a proliferative effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that @entity7 has an important pro-apoptotic function following @entity5 and @entity3 treatment in @entity0 endothelial cells, and that @entity6 has a proliferative effect following @entity1 treatment.

title: Effect of @entity1 , @entity5 and @entity3 on apoptosis- and proliferation-induced MAPK signaling in XXXX umbilical vein endothelial cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present the early results of the use of third-generation cryotherapy as primary treatment for @entity1 in China. @entity0 AND METHODS: From January 2006 to December 2009, 102 @entity0 underwent primary cryosurgery for clinically @entity1 . All @entity0 underwent a dual freeze-thaw cycle using third-generation cryotechnology with ultrathin 17-gauge cryoneedles. RESULTS: The @entity5 (PSA) level for all @entity0 at the last follow-up visit was less than 0.5 ng/ml in 94 @entity0 (92.2%) and 0.5 ng/ml or more in 8 (7.8%). One @entity0 (1.0%) had recurrent @entity1 confirmed by prostate biopsy and was treated with salvage cryotherapy. Seven other @entity0 (6.9%) had an elevated PSA level after cryotherapy despite negative posttreatment biopsies and a metastatic evaluation. Of 102 @entity0 , 1 @entity0 was incontinent preoperatively. Of the remaining 101 @entity0 , 4 @entity0 (4.0%) developed mild incontinence requiring 1 to 2 pads per day. Urethral sloughing occurred in 5 of the 102 @entity0 (4.9%) and in 1 of these @entity0 (1.0%) required transurethral resection of sloughing. The rates of @entity3 were 64.1%. No @entity6 , @entity2 , @entity4 was reported. The median inpatient stay after cryoablation was 3.2 days. CONCLUSION: Early results suggest that cryotherapy offers a safe and effective alternative for the primary treatment of @entity1 . Additional studies with longer follow-up are necessary to determine the sustained efficacy of this procedure.

title: Cryosurgery as primary treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The head and neck is the most common site of @entity4 , a @entity2 with poor prognosis. In contrast to @entity4 , @entity4 of the head and neck (MMHN) is uncommon, with limited data regarding outcomes and prognostic factors drawn from small, single-institution case series. In order to identify factors predictive of survival, we analyzed MMHN outcomes in a large US cohort. METHODS: MMHN cases (n = 815) diagnosed in the USA between 1973 and 2007 were analyzed in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, and cause of @entity3 was individually determined in 778 (95.5%) cases. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to analyze prognostic variables. RESULTS: Disease-specific survival status was determined in 778 (95.5%) cases. The 5- and 10-year rates of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were 25.2 and 12.2%; disease-specific survival (DSS), 32.4 and 19.3%. On multivariable analysis, anatomic primary site was an independent predictor of @entity5 and DSS, with @entity2 in the nasal cavity and oral cavity associated with survival superior to @entity2 in the nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses. Age > 70 years, @entity2 size, nodal status, and distant @entity1 status were additional independent predictors of poorer survival. CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of @entity0 with MMHN, we have identified several novel factors robustly predictive of overall and @entity4 -specific survival.

title: Predictors of survival in XXXX of the head and neck.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Three cases of @entity3 associated with @entity0 of the body of the stomach are presented. The endoscopic congo-red test showed the red to black color changes of the sprayed congo-red only on the top of the polypoid lesions. The endoscopic @entity2 -blue test revealed no dye absorption on the antral mucosa or on the top of the polypoid lesions, while the dye was absorbed on the flat mucosa surrounding the top of the polypoid lesions. Histological examinations revealed well-preserved oxyntic glands on the top of the polypoid lesions. The flat mucosa showed marked @entity1 . There have been several reports of experimental models of @entity3 , where chief and parietal cells decreased in considerable number. These findings and the experimental models suggest that the polypoid lesions resulted from @entity4 . The top of the polypoid lesions is the residual oxyntic glands. The lesions, therefore, should be called "gastric pseudopolyposis." The spontaneous disappearance of the polypoid lesions seen in one case is thought to be a result of a further progression of the @entity4 . A pronounced G-cell increase was noted in the antrum and lower body of the stomach. This is considered a secondary phenomenon following the marked reduction of acid secretion.

title: Gastric pseudopolyposis: a new clinical manifestation of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the B-lymphocyte antigen CD20, has shown promise in several @entity3 . @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is an @entity3 characterised by autoantibodies to @entity5 ( @entity5 ). An open-label, proof-of-concept phase II clinical trial was conducted in 10 @entity6 @entity0 . The intervention consisted of two intravenous infusions of rituximab (1,000 mg) 15 days apart. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and peripheral blood samples were collected. The primary outcome was improvement in arterial blood oxygenation. Both arterial @entity1 tension and alveolar-arterial @entity1 tension difference in room air improved in seven out of the nine @entity0 completing the study. Lung function and high-resolution computed tomography scans, which were secondary outcomes, also improved. Peripheral blood @entity4 + B-lymphocytes decreased from mean    sem 15    2% to <0.05% (n = 10) 15 days post-therapy. This decrease persisted for 3 months in all @entity0 ; at 6 months, @entity4 + B-cells were detected in four out of seven @entity0 (5    2%). Total anti- @entity5 immunoglobulin (Ig)G levels from baseline to 6 months were decreased in BAL fluids (n = 8) but unchanged in sera (n = 9). In this @entity6 cohort: 1) rituximab was well-tolerated and effectively ameliorated @entity2 ; and 2) reduction in anti- @entity5 IgG levels in the lung correlated with disease changes, suggesting that disease pathogenesis is related to autoantibody levels in the target organ.

title: An open-label trial of rituximab therapy in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The effect of @entity1 ( @entity4 ), @entity2 (DA), and @entity6 (BK) on vascular tone was examined in interlobular arteries and superficial afferent and efferent arterioles isolated from @entity0 kidney. A single microvessel was dissected and cannulated, and lumen diameter was measured at a fixed intraluminal pressure. @entity4 caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity3 -induced tone in all three vessel types. Significant relaxation (10-20%) was observed with 10(-8) M @entity4 and higher concentrations caused complete relaxation. In afferent and efferent arterioles DA caused a dose-dependent relaxation that was indistinguishable from the one caused by @entity4 . However, DA was much less effective on interlobular arteries. Significant relaxation was not observed until 10(-5) M DA, and 10(-4) M caused only a 30-40% relaxation. In afferent arterioles @entity7 blocked the effect of @entity4 , and @entity5 selectively inhibited DA-induced relaxation. BK (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity3 -induced tone only in efferent arterioles. BK, either in the bath or lumen, had no effect on the preglomerular microvessels. @entity4 and DA also caused relaxation of afferent arterioles with spontaneous tone while all three vasodilators relaxed efferent arterioles with spontaneous tone. The results demonstrate segmental heterogeneity for these vasodilators in the @entity0 renal microvasculature, with @entity4 causing relaxation in all three vessel types, DA acting primarily on the glomerular arterioles, and BK affecting only the efferent arteriole.

title: Response of isolated renal arterioles to @entity1 , XXXX , and @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effect of @entity1 ( @entity4 ), @entity2 (DA), and @entity6 (BK) on vascular tone was examined in interlobular arteries and superficial afferent and efferent arterioles isolated from @entity0 kidney. A single microvessel was dissected and cannulated, and lumen diameter was measured at a fixed intraluminal pressure. @entity4 caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity3 -induced tone in all three vessel types. Significant relaxation (10-20%) was observed with 10(-8) M @entity4 and higher concentrations caused complete relaxation. In afferent and efferent arterioles DA caused a dose-dependent relaxation that was indistinguishable from the one caused by @entity4 . However, DA was much less effective on interlobular arteries. Significant relaxation was not observed until 10(-5) M DA, and 10(-4) M caused only a 30-40% relaxation. In afferent arterioles @entity7 blocked the effect of @entity4 , and @entity5 selectively inhibited DA-induced relaxation. BK (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity3 -induced tone only in efferent arterioles. BK, either in the bath or lumen, had no effect on the preglomerular microvessels. @entity4 and DA also caused relaxation of afferent arterioles with spontaneous tone while all three vasodilators relaxed efferent arterioles with spontaneous tone. The results demonstrate segmental heterogeneity for these vasodilators in the @entity0 renal microvasculature, with @entity4 causing relaxation in all three vessel types, DA acting primarily on the glomerular arterioles, and BK affecting only the efferent arteriole.

title: Response of isolated renal arterioles to XXXX , @entity2 , and @entity6 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effect of @entity1 ( @entity4 ), @entity2 (DA), and @entity6 (BK) on vascular tone was examined in interlobular arteries and superficial afferent and efferent arterioles isolated from @entity0 kidney. A single microvessel was dissected and cannulated, and lumen diameter was measured at a fixed intraluminal pressure. @entity4 caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity3 -induced tone in all three vessel types. Significant relaxation (10-20%) was observed with 10(-8) M @entity4 and higher concentrations caused complete relaxation. In afferent and efferent arterioles DA caused a dose-dependent relaxation that was indistinguishable from the one caused by @entity4 . However, DA was much less effective on interlobular arteries. Significant relaxation was not observed until 10(-5) M DA, and 10(-4) M caused only a 30-40% relaxation. In afferent arterioles @entity7 blocked the effect of @entity4 , and @entity5 selectively inhibited DA-induced relaxation. BK (10(-9) to 10(-5) M) caused a dose-dependent relaxation of @entity3 -induced tone only in efferent arterioles. BK, either in the bath or lumen, had no effect on the preglomerular microvessels. @entity4 and DA also caused relaxation of afferent arterioles with spontaneous tone while all three vasodilators relaxed efferent arterioles with spontaneous tone. The results demonstrate segmental heterogeneity for these vasodilators in the @entity0 renal microvasculature, with @entity4 causing relaxation in all three vessel types, DA acting primarily on the glomerular arterioles, and BK affecting only the efferent arteriole.

title: Response of isolated renal arterioles to @entity1 , @entity2 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is associated with a marked increase in risk for @entity6 and @entity1 compared with the general population. Therapy with @entity4 receptor activators has been linked with reduced mortality in @entity5 and an improvement in @entity6 in animal studies. PURPOSE: PRIMO ( @entity7 capsules benefits in @entity2 Induced @entity3 MOrbidity) is a multinational, multicenter randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of @entity7 (a selective @entity4 receptor activator) on mild to moderate @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: Subjects with mild-moderate @entity5 are randomized to @entity7 or placebo after confirming @entity6 using a cardiac echocardiogram. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is then used to assess left ventricular mass index at baseline, 24 and 48 weeks, which is the primary efficacy endpoint of the study. Because of limited prior data to estimate sample size, a maximum information group sequential design with sample size re-estimation is implemented to allow sample size adjustment based on the nuisance parameter estimated using the interim data. An interim efficacy analysis is planned at a pre-specified time point conditioned on the status of enrollment. The decision to increase sample size depends on the observed treatment effect. A repeated measures analysis model, using available data at Week 24 and 48 with a backup model of an ANCOVA analyzing change from baseline to the final nonmissing observation, are pre-specified to evaluate the treatment effect. Gamma-family of spending function is employed to control family-wise Type I error rate as stopping for success is planned in the interim efficacy analysis. LIMITATIONS: If enrollment is slower than anticipated, the smaller sample size used in the interim efficacy analysis and the greater percent of missing week 48 data might decrease the parameter estimation accuracy, either for the nuisance parameter or for the treatment effect, which might in turn affect the interim decision-making. CONCLUSIONS: The application of combining a group sequential design with a sample-size re-estimation in clinical trial design has the potential to improve efficiency and to increase the probability of trial success while ensuring integrity of the study.

title: The use of group sequential, information-based sample size re-estimation in the design of the PRIMO study of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: A novel facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated Y12(T), was isolated from activated sludge of a wastewater bio-treatment facility. The strain was able to degrade about 90% of added @entity3 (100 mg l(-1)) within 3 days of incubation. Growth occurred in the presence of 0-4.5% (w/v) @entity1 (optimum 0.5%), at 10-40   C (optimum 28   C) and at pH 5.5-10.0 (optimum pH 7.0). Vesicular internal membrane structures and photoheterotrophic growth were not observed. The major respiratory @entity2 was @entity4 and the major cellular @entity0 was summed feature 8 (C(18:1)  6c and/or C(18:1)  7c). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain Y12(T) was 63.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that strain Y12(T) was a member of the genus Catellibacterium, as it showed highest sequence similarities to Catellibacterium caeni DCA-1(T) (99.1%) and <96.0% similarities with other species of the genus Catellibacterium. Strain Y12(T) showed low DNA-DNA relatedness values with C. caeni DCA-1(T). Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic properties, strain Y12(T) represents a novel species of the genus Catellibacterium, for which the name Catellibacterium nanjingense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Y12(T) (=CCTCC AB 2010218(T) =KCTC 23298(T)). An emended description of the genus Catellibacterium is also presented.

title: Catellibacterium nanjingense sp. nov., a XXXX -degrading bacterium isolated from activated sludge, and emended description of the genus Catellibacterium.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Between October 1980 and July 1983, 13 @entity0 with clinical @entity3 who had a large mediastinal mass (mediastinal mass ratio, MMR greater than 1/3) were entered into a prospective treatment program emphasizing irradiation. Careful clinical staging, including CT scanning, was completed in order to define precisely the extent of disease in the chest. All @entity0 had a negative lymphogram. The range of MMR was .34 to .56 (median .39). By the time mantle irradiation was completed the MMR ranged from .21 to .35. One @entity0 had such extensive pulmonary parenchymal extension that treatment with combined modality therapy was necessary. Twelve @entity0 underwent laparotomy after adequate reduction of the mediastinal mass size, but only two had subdiaphragmatic disease detected. One @entity0 had disease extension into the lung during mantle irradiation and one @entity0 failed in a rib six months after completion of irradiation. Both have been treated successfully with salvage chemotherapy. All the remaining @entity0 received prophylactic irradiation below the diaphragm and all are doing well with a median follow up of 21 months. The 2 year actuarial freedom from relapse of the entire group of 13 @entity0 is 83%. These early results are very encouraging for this unfavorable group of @entity0 with large mediastinal masses. This may be due to the routine use of CT scans to determine @entity1 volume and @entity2 mantle irradiation, which often includes prophylactic treatment to the lungs. Careful monitoring of @entity1 response and use of a shrinking field technique has helped to keep complications to a minimum.

title: The management of XXXX with a large mediastinal mass: a prospective program emphasizing irradiation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pathological changes in the myocardium in @entity5 ( @entity4 ) are usually studied using endomyocardial biopsy specimens, but the relationship between pathological changes in the myocardium and clinical findings is unclear. The goal of the study was to examine correlations between clinical findings and histopathological findings in specimens of the left ventricular myocardium collected during left ventriculoplasty in @entity4 @entity0 . METHODS: The subjects were 20 @entity4 @entity0 (17 males and 3 females; mean age: 59    14 years old) who underwent left ventriculoplasty, including 16 cases of overlapping ventriculoplasty (OLVP) and 4 of papillary muscle approximation (PMA) with left ventricular incision. Preoperative age, sex, The New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, the @entity8 ( @entity8 ) level, cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), echocardiographic data, history of @entity1 , drug history of spironolactone, @entity7 inhibitor, ARB, and b-blocker were used as clinical findings. Histopathological scores were determined for each @entity0 and semi-quantitative data for @entity6 , attenuation, vacuolation and @entity2 were obtained. RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between age and interstitial @entity2 . A significant inverse correlation was found between left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd) in echocardiographic data and interstitial @entity2 . There were no other significant relation between histopathological scores and clinical findings. CONCLUSION: From this study, we found that interstitial fibrous increased with aging and more dilated LVDd had less interstitial @entity2 . It is concluded that the kinetics of @entity3 with remodeling might be variable and histopathological findings does not reflect the clinical and hemodynamic changes in @entity4 @entity0 . Further morphological data are needed to verify this result.

title: Histopathological study of specimens obtained by left ventricular biopsy during ventriculoplasty for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: We report a case of @entity7 following prolonged ureteral stenting in the left ureter which crossed over the aorta toward the cutaneous ureterostomy stoma. A 59 year-old @entity0 presented @entity4 from the left cutaneous ureterostomy of the single stoma for bilateral ureters. The @entity0 underwent radical hysterectomy and total cystectomy with a single stoma cutaneous ureterostomy for advanced cervical and @entity2 . The postoperative course was uneventful except for @entity8 due to bilateral @entity6 , which were treated by bilateral ureteral stenting. The @entity0 had intermittent @entity5 from the left cutaneous ureterostomy for 4 years after ureteral stenting. @entity4 from the left cutaneous ureterostomy requiring a big amount of blood transfusion followed intermittent @entity5 , finally. A Computed tomography (CT) suggested both severe adhesion of the left ureter to the aorta and @entity1 . @entity4 seemed to be caused by @entity7 . A @entity3 , about 5 mm in diameter, from the left ureter to the aorta was detected at exploration. The defect of aortic wall was closed primarily and then left nephroureterectomy underwent for nonfunctioning kidney. Her postoperative course was uneventful at the 18-month follow-up.

title: XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The therapeutic effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) were investigated in @entity3 with @entity1 known as impaired set switching. METHODS: Six @entity0 with @entity3 exhibiting impaired performances on the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) were enrolled. Under electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring, rTMS was performed using a concave circular coil once a week for three months. A 0.2-Hz rTMS was applied over the frontal region (Fz) at an intensity of 1.2 x the motor threshold of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) for a total of 100 stimuli per session. The Trail Making Test part B (TMT-B), WCST, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Revised (WAIS-R), Self-rating @entity4 Scale (SDS), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and 20 m Walk time were evaluated before and after rTMS. Subjective symptoms and objective findings were also evaluated. RESULTS: Significant improvements in the TMT-B and WCST scores after rTMS were observed for all six @entity0 . In addition, the subjective symptoms and objective findings also improved. The 20 m walk time decreased significantly in all four subjects after rTMS. The SDS scores improved in four of the five subjects, although the differences between the baseline and follow-up scores were not significant. No significant improvements in the WAIS-R, @entity2 scores were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Low-frequency suprathreshold rTMS applied over bilateral prefrontal areas alleviated impaired set switching in @entity3 . These results suggest that rTMS can affect the functional recovery of the frontostriatal circuit.

title: Effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A 32-year-old @entity0 was referred to our hospital for a refractory @entity3 on her back. She had a history of myelomeningocele with @entity6 that was treated surgically at birth. The @entity3 was located at the apex of the @entity5 . An X-ray film revealed a @entity5 of 154   between @entity7 and a scoliosis of 60   between T11 and L5. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory data indicated the presence of a @entity4 at L2/3. To correct the @entity5 and remove the infected vertebrae together with the skin @entity3 , kyphectomy was performed. Pedicle screws were inserted from T8 to T12 and from L4 to S1. The dural sac was transected and ligated at L2, followed by total kyphectomy of the L1-L3 vertebrae. The spinal column was reconstructed by approximating the ventral wall of the T12 vertebral body and the cranial endplate of the L4 vertebra. Postoperatively, the @entity5 was corrected to 61   and the scoliosis was corrected to 22  . In the present case, we treated the skin @entity3 and @entity4 successfully by kyphectomy, thereby, preventing recurrence of the @entity3 and @entity2 , and simultaneously obtaining sufficient correction of the @entity1 .

title: Kyphectomy for severe XXXX with @entity4 associated with myelomeningocele: a case report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: A 32-year-old @entity0 was referred to our hospital for a refractory @entity3 on her back. She had a history of myelomeningocele with @entity6 that was treated surgically at birth. The @entity3 was located at the apex of the @entity5 . An X-ray film revealed a @entity5 of 154   between @entity7 and a scoliosis of 60   between T11 and L5. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory data indicated the presence of a @entity4 at L2/3. To correct the @entity5 and remove the infected vertebrae together with the skin @entity3 , kyphectomy was performed. Pedicle screws were inserted from T8 to T12 and from L4 to S1. The dural sac was transected and ligated at L2, followed by total kyphectomy of the L1-L3 vertebrae. The spinal column was reconstructed by approximating the ventral wall of the T12 vertebral body and the cranial endplate of the L4 vertebra. Postoperatively, the @entity5 was corrected to 61   and the scoliosis was corrected to 22  . In the present case, we treated the skin @entity3 and @entity4 successfully by kyphectomy, thereby, preventing recurrence of the @entity3 and @entity2 , and simultaneously obtaining sufficient correction of the @entity1 .

title: Kyphectomy for severe @entity5 with XXXX associated with myelomeningocele: a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is a quasi-experimental case control research focusing on the impact of systematic preoperative instruction on the level of postoperative @entity1 in gyneoncologic @entity0 . The population studied consists of the gyneoncologic surgery @entity0 admitted to the Gynecologic Oncology Service at Zekai Tahir Burak Gynecology Training and Research Hospital from May to September 2010. @entity0 AND METHODS: Through a random sampling, 60 @entity0 were recruited in each group. The study group was given a systematic preoperative instruction while the control group was given routine nursing care. @entity0 were interviewed in the postoperative period and @entity1 was measured. The data-collecting tool consisted of the Individual Information Form and the State-Trait @entity1 Inventory. The collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS Program to find the frequency, the percentage, the mean and the standard variables, and the hypothesis was tested with Chi-square, variance, and t-independent test. RESULTS: It was found that the incidence rates from the post-operative @entity1 score of the study group were lower than those of the control group (p<.05). The results of this research demonstrated that gyneoncologic surgery @entity0 who were given systematic preoperative instruction felt less anxious than the ones who were given merely a routine nursing care. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study suggest that preoperative instruction programs aiming at informing gyneoncologic surgery @entity0 at the preoperative stage should be organized in hospitals and have an essential role.

title: The efficacy of preopoerative instruction in reducing XXXX following gyneoncological surgery: a case control study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Dysfunction of the nigrostriatal system is the major cause of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This brain region is therefore an important target for gene delivery aiming at disease modeling and gene therapy. Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors have been developed as efficient vehicles for gene transfer into the central nervous system. Recently, several serotypes have been described, with varying tropism for brain transduction. In light of the further development of a viral vector-mediated @entity0 model for @entity1 , we performed a comprehensive comparison of the transduction and tropism for dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the adult @entity0 @entity0 substantia nigra (SN) of seven rAAV vector serotypes (rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9). All vectors were normalized by titer and volume, and stereotactically injected into the SN. Gene expression was assessed non-invasively and quantitatively in vivo by bioluminescence imaging at 2 and 5 weeks after injection, and was found to be stable over time. Immunohistochemistry at 6 weeks following injection revealed the most widespread enhanced green fluorescence protein expression and the highest number of positive nigral cells using rAAV 2/7, 2/9 and 2/1. The area transduced by rAAV 2/8 was smaller, but nevertheless almost equal numbers of nigral cells were targeted. Detailed confocal analysis revealed that serotype 2/7, 2/9, 2/1 and 2/8 transduced at least 70% of the DNs. In conclusion, these results show that various rAAV serotypes efficiently transduce nigral DNs, but significant differences in transgene expression pattern and level were observed.

title: Efficient and stable transduction of dopaminergic neurons in XXXX substantia nigra by rAAV 2/1, 2/2, 2/5, 2/6.2, 2/7, 2/8 and 2/9.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In spite of the recent advances in heart surgery, @entity0 undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass are at risk of developing significant @entity3 and substantial blood requirements. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of some perioperative predictors of @entity3 , and blood transfusion after heart surgery and offer suggestions on preventive measures. DESIGN AND METHODS: A prospective analytical study. The perioperative factors studied were haemoglobin level, international normalised ratio (INR), platelet count, and total bypass time. Eighty-seven consecutive @entity0 who underwent heart surgery in the year 2004 were selected. Each @entity0 had laboratory work up which included full blood count, clotting profile, kidney and liver function tests. The total @entity2 within the first twenty-four hours and the total units of blood transfused before the @entity0 was discharged were also recorded. RESULTS: Pre-operative haemoglobin was significant in determining the total units of blood received by a @entity0 . Increasing total bypass time caused a significant increase in the percentage reduction of the pre-operative platelet count (p <0.004). However even though there was an increasing trend of @entity3 with increase in total bypass time, this was not significant from the analysis (p<0.069). The percentage reduction in platelet count and immediate postoperative platelet count were significant predictors of @entity1 (p <0 .009) and (p <0.003) respectively. CONCLUSION: Pre-operative haemoglobin, percentage @entity4 after cardiopulmonary bypass and immediate postoperative platelet count are significant predictors of @entity1 and blood requirements.

title: Predictors of post XXXX and blood transfusion in cardiac surgery.

answer: @entity3