abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of early nephrology referral on clinical outcome in @entity1 @entity0 on maintenance hemodialysis dialysis. @entity0 AND METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed the type II @entity1 @entity0 entering our PD program from February 1988 to June 2001. @entity0 who were presented to a nephrologist more than 6 months before starting dialysis were defined as early referral (ER). @entity0 were considered late referral (LR) if they were transferred to the nephrology department within 6 months before initial dialysis. RESULTS: Hundred and fifteen type II @entity1 @entity0 receiving @entity3 for at least 3 months were enrolled in this study. Sixteen of the 53 @entity0 (46.1%) were in the ER group and 62 of the 115 (53.9%) were in the LR group. In univariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards mode, the early referral (Exp (Coef) = 0.423, p < 0.01), good glycemic control (Exp (Coef) = 0.16, p < 0.05), and age at dialysis (Exp (Coef) = 1.026, p < 0.05 (had significantly influenced the @entity0 survival. The residual renal function in the ER group, estimated by @entity2 clearance (Ccr), significantly exceeded that of the LR group (ER vs. LR: 4.46 +/- 1.56 vs. 2.51 +/- 1.70 mL/min, p < 0.001). The @entity0 with early referral had significantly better survival (p < 0.05). Five-year survival improved significantly in the early referral group compared to the late referral group (ER: 72.4%; LR: 35.2%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that the time of referral before starting dialysis is a predictor of survival for type II @entity1 on @entity3 . @entity0 with early referral are associated with longer survival. The beneficial effect might be associated with the timely initiation of the chronic @entity3 program. These results suggest that early referral before dialysis is important in determining the long-term prognosis in type II @entity1 on @entity3 .

title: Improvement of clinical outcome by early nephrology referral in type II XXXX on hemodialysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 34-year-old female with @entity5 was admitted for severe @entity6 , @entity1 , @entity12 and severe @entity4 following a bout of @entity7 . She improved on aggressive medical management including intensive hemodialysis and was initiated onto maintenance heparin-free hemodialysis (twelve hours per week) and discharged. After a week, she presented with @entity2 with chills and rigors for three days, was toxic, severely orthopenic and had a pulsus paradoxus of 36 mmHg. Echocardiography suggested cardiac tamponade. Aspiration revealed frank pus with polymorphonuclear predominance and @entity8 on culture. CT of the thorax revealed @entity11 . In the absence of any obvious septic foci, concomitant @entity3 , mediastinal or intra-abdominal pathology; a diagnosis of "acute primary @entity12 " was made. @entity0 was put on parenteral antibiotics- @entity13 and @entity9 . @entity10 was added after sensitivity results. Pericardial drainage was required initially. After @entity14 improved, paradox decreased and @entity2 subsided, the pericardial catheter was removed and antibiotics continued for a period of four weeks. Maintenance hemodialysis was continued during hospital stay and after discharge.

title: XXXX in a chronic renal failure @entity0 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: A 34-year-old female with @entity5 was admitted for severe @entity6 , @entity1 , @entity12 and severe @entity4 following a bout of @entity7 . She improved on aggressive medical management including intensive hemodialysis and was initiated onto maintenance heparin-free hemodialysis (twelve hours per week) and discharged. After a week, she presented with @entity2 with chills and rigors for three days, was toxic, severely orthopenic and had a pulsus paradoxus of 36 mmHg. Echocardiography suggested cardiac tamponade. Aspiration revealed frank pus with polymorphonuclear predominance and @entity8 on culture. CT of the thorax revealed @entity11 . In the absence of any obvious septic foci, concomitant @entity3 , mediastinal or intra-abdominal pathology; a diagnosis of "acute primary @entity12 " was made. @entity0 was put on parenteral antibiotics- @entity13 and @entity9 . @entity10 was added after sensitivity results. Pericardial drainage was required initially. After @entity14 improved, paradox decreased and @entity2 subsided, the pericardial catheter was removed and antibiotics continued for a period of four weeks. Maintenance hemodialysis was continued during hospital stay and after discharge.

title: @entity12 in a chronic renal failure XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated the treatment results and outcomes of @entity0 with pathological node positive @entity4 who experienced an inguinal recurrence after therapeutic lymphadenectomy, and determined the clinicopathological features predictive of such recurrences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of 161 @entity0 with pN+ @entity4 were analyzed. Ipsilateral postoperative radiotherapy was given if histopathology revealed 2 or more @entity1 and/or extranodal extension. Medium observed followup was 60 months. The 5-year incidence of inguinal recurrence was estimated using a competing risk analysis considering death a competing risk. RESULTS: An inguinal recurrence developed in 26 @entity0 following lymphadenectomy after a median of 5.3 months. The overall estimated 5-year inguinal recurrence rate was 16%. Of the 26 @entity0 with inguinal recurrence ipsilateral adjuvant radiotherapy was indicated in 22 but given in 11. The other 11 @entity0 had recurrence in the groin before the start of adjuvant radiotherapy. Median survival after inguinal recurrence was 4.5 months. Only 2 of 26 @entity0 (8%) underwent successful salvage after inguinal recurrence. Pronounced differences in estimated recurrence rates were found among several clinicopathological variables indicating extensive @entity2 . @entity0 with 3 or more unilateral metastatic inguinal nodes and/or extranodal extension and/or pelvic @entity3 involvement defined a subgroup with high risk pN+ @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Most inguinal recurrence following therapeutic lymphadenectomy in pN+ @entity4 occurs within a short time. @entity0 experiencing such a recurrence have a poor outcome with limited salvage options. @entity0 with 3 or more unilateral metastatic inguinal nodes and/or extranodal extension and/or pelvic @entity3 involvement represent a high risk group that may benefit from multimodality treatment.

title: Inguinal recurrence following therapeutic lymphadenectomy for node positive XXXX : outcome and implications for management.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: @entity2 , which was the first targeted therapy for @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), has led to the significant prolongation of life for most @entity0 . However, approximately 30% fail therapy. The major mechanism of acquired resistance is somatic mutation within the BCR-ABL1 kinase domain, which affects @entity2 binding. Recently, more potent inhibitors have been approved that retain activity against most of the more than 100 mutations. However, some mutations remain problematic for one or more of the new inhibitors. The most frequently detected mutation, @entity3 , remains resistant to all of the currently approved inhibitors. More sensitive mutation techniques that focus on the detection of a limited number of specific mutations may be beneficial, but are yet to prove their clinical utility for the early detection of relapse in routine practice. RECENT FINDINGS: Inhibitors with alternate binding modes that may overcome @entity3 -associated resistance are at the preclinical stage or are undergoing clinical trial. SUMMARY: Each of the new, more potent kinase inhibitor drugs appear to have a partially overlapping set of mutations that confer a degree of resistance. Mutation detection techniques may need to adapt to provide clinicians with a more timely indication of mutation acquisition and pending relapse.

title: Mutational analysis in XXXX : when and what to do?

answer: @entity1


abstract: Case Description-A 1.5-year-old spayed female Bernese Mountain @entity3 was examined for a 6-month history of intermittent @entity5 , regurgitation, wheezing, and coughing. Initially, a diagnosis of @entity4 with @entity2 was made but clinical signs did not resolve with treatment. Clinical Findings-Thoracic and cervical radiography and CT revealed a sessile, irregularly marginated soft tissue opacity at the level of the fourth rib. Results of a CBC, serum biochemical analysis, and urinalysis were within reference limits. Results of abdominal ultrasonography were normal. Treatment and Outcome-Tracheoscopy revealed a firm, irregularly marginated mass apparently originating from the ventral aspect of the @entity7 , occluding approximately one-half of the tracheal lumen, and located 2 cm cranial to the carina. Cytologic and histopathologic examination of fine-needle aspirate and biopsy samples suggested a benign etiology; therefore, endoscopic minimally invasive laser and electrocautery resection of the mass was scheduled. A total IV anesthetic protocol was administered with an @entity1 -air mixture used to decrease the risk of fire during tracheal surgery. The mass was successfully resected, and histopathologic examination confirmed a diagnosis of @entity6 . Clinical signs resolved, and at follow-up 32 months later, no regrowth of the mass was evident. Clinical Relevance-Tracheoscopy-guided electrocautery and surgical diode laser resection was successful in removing an obstructive tracheal mass that was not resectable by means of a conventional open surgical approach. Minimally invasive procedures may decrease morbidity and mortality and improve outcome in appropriately selected small animal @entity0 .

title: Endoscopic treatment of an intrathoracic XXXX in a @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Case Description-A 1.5-year-old spayed female Bernese Mountain @entity3 was examined for a 6-month history of intermittent @entity5 , regurgitation, wheezing, and coughing. Initially, a diagnosis of @entity4 with @entity2 was made but clinical signs did not resolve with treatment. Clinical Findings-Thoracic and cervical radiography and CT revealed a sessile, irregularly marginated soft tissue opacity at the level of the fourth rib. Results of a CBC, serum biochemical analysis, and urinalysis were within reference limits. Results of abdominal ultrasonography were normal. Treatment and Outcome-Tracheoscopy revealed a firm, irregularly marginated mass apparently originating from the ventral aspect of the @entity7 , occluding approximately one-half of the tracheal lumen, and located 2 cm cranial to the carina. Cytologic and histopathologic examination of fine-needle aspirate and biopsy samples suggested a benign etiology; therefore, endoscopic minimally invasive laser and electrocautery resection of the mass was scheduled. A total IV anesthetic protocol was administered with an @entity1 -air mixture used to decrease the risk of fire during tracheal surgery. The mass was successfully resected, and histopathologic examination confirmed a diagnosis of @entity6 . Clinical signs resolved, and at follow-up 32 months later, no regrowth of the mass was evident. Clinical Relevance-Tracheoscopy-guided electrocautery and surgical diode laser resection was successful in removing an obstructive tracheal mass that was not resectable by means of a conventional open surgical approach. Minimally invasive procedures may decrease morbidity and mortality and improve outcome in appropriately selected small animal @entity0 .

title: Endoscopic treatment of an intrathoracic @entity6 in a XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 is the most common cause of death because of injury in @entity0 , and @entity1 alone is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatrics. This study aimed to characterize the demographics and economic burden associated with the surgical and nonsurgical repair of craniofacial @entity2 in the pediatric inpatient population in the United States. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed using the 2012 Kids' Inpatient Database which identified 20,070 @entity0 who had a skull or facial @entity2 , of whom 6395 (31.9%) were treated surgically. Epidemiologic @entity0 and hospital data were analyzed as potential determinants of surgical treatment, prolonged hospitalizations, and higher charges. RESULTS: Pediatric craniofacial @entity2 are estimated to represent  1.2 billion of national healthcare expenditures annually. The average @entity0 charge for surgical treatment of a craniofacial @entity2 in the pediatric population is  84,849 compared with  52,490 for nonsurgical management (P<0.001), and the average length of stay was longer for surgical repair when compared with nonsurgical management for craniofacial @entity2 (5.3 days versus 4.6 days, P<0.001). @entity0 who were older, African American, had nonprivate insurance, whose @entity2 was caused by external @entity1 , and who were treated in an urban hospital had an independently increased likelihood of surgical repair of craniofacial @entity2 . @entity0 who were older, female, insured, of lower income brackets, whose @entity2 was caused by a motor vehicle accident, who had surgical treatment of their craniofacial @entity2 , and who were treated in hospitals in the South, Midwest, or West, teaching hospitals, and government-owned hospitals had an independent risk for a prolonged hospitalization. @entity0 who were older, Caucasian, insured, whose @entity2 was caused by a motor vehicle accident, and who were treated in hospitals in the South, teaching hospitals, pediatric hospitals, larger hospitals, and government-owned hospitals had an independent risk for increased @entity0 charges. CONCLUSIONS: Craniofacial @entity2 in the pediatric population represent a large economic burden to the @entity0 and family, as well as the healthcare system as a whole. The identified @entity0 and hospital demographics that are associated with prolonged hospital stays and higher @entity0 charges may represent potential barriers to care, and additional research to elucidate these factors is warranted.

title: Surgical Treatment of XXXX : A National Perspective.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Nasal septal perforations (NSPs) are one of the major complications among the nose surgery that the surgeon has to solve it. There are many reasons on the etiology of septal perforation such as iatrogenic and idiopathic. All the surgical procedures are based on 2 main principles, namely repair using an intranasal flaps: mucosal, mucoperichondrial, mucoperiosteal flaps within the nasal cavity; and extranasal flaps. Operation can be carried out using either the "closed technique" or "open technique." The author presents a different or additional method, namely alar winged flaps (AWFs). @entity0 AND METHODS: Between 2010 and 2014, a total of 13 @entity0 with medium-large @entity6 were treated with this approach. Of these 13 @entity0 , 9 were male (69%) and 4 female (31%). Average age was 40.13 years. In 13 cases, average diameter of the perforation was between 1.5 and 2.4cm; in 1 case, it was >3cm; in 2 cases, it was <2cm. RESULTS: Alar winged flaps was used for better exposure in all @entity0 . Etiology of the @entity6 was detected as previous septal surgery in 5 cases (38%), over septal tissue resection in 3 cases (23%), and @entity4 at septal surgery, blunt @entity1 , >1 blunt @entity1 , nasal @entity2 using, respectively. There was no preoperative and @entity3 . At the early follow-up, AWF @entity5 incision scar was cosmetically satisfactory. DISCUSSION: As can be seen from the senior authors' description, especially large NSPs are difficult problems to solve. The proposed surgical techniques are still offered the highest recurrence rates. To address this problem, the authors developed the AWF method. The operation time before using AWF was so long in our previous @entity6 surgeries. After AWF, the authors saved an average of 14 to 25 minutes in each operation. No visible scar is seen on the AWF donor areas at the early follow-up. The authors suggest this @entity5 method bilaterally and/or unilaterally for the medium or large perforations.

title: A Different Approach to the Reconstruction of Nasal Septum Perforations: Alar Winged XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To audit the effectiveness of the anticonvulsant @entity4 on hot flushes in postmenopausal @entity0 . DESIGN: This was an open case series involving 11 postmenopausal @entity0 who were willing to take @entity4 for the relief of their hot flushes and were willing to keep a diary recording the number and intensity of their hot flushes, both before and during treatment. @entity4 was started at a dose of 300 mg, to be taken at night, and the @entity0 were instructed to increase the dose up to 1,200 mg, according to symptom behavior. RESULTS: Eleven @entity0 agreed to participate for on average 53.22 days (range, 2-79 days), but two discontinued participation-one before starting treatment and one after 2 days-so there are complete data sets for nine @entity0 . @entity4 was found to be extremely effective in reducing hot flush activity (P < 0.001; Fig. 1). A significant @entity2 was observed with a dose of 300 mg/day (P < 0.001). Scores on the Green Climacteric Scale were significantly improved from a mean of 25.72 (range, 12-42) to 19.25 (range, 13-31; P < 0.001). Palpitations (P = 0.001), @entity5 attacks (P = 0.0001), mood (P = 0.023), muscle and joint @entity1 (P = 0.021), and @entity3 and loss of sensation in the extremities (P = 0.001) were also shown to improve with treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In the present case series, @entity4 was well tolerated and could be a valuable alternative for the treatment of hot flushes in @entity0 with contraindications to hormonal replacement therapy. It would be particularly beneficial for @entity0 in whom aches and @entity1 and @entity3 are also a significant feature of the climacteric syndrome.

title: XXXX for the management of hot flushes: a case series.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of perineal @entity2 , the effects of @entity2 on postnatal recovery, @entity3 used to relieve @entity2 and the perceived effectiveness of such @entity3 at the Royal @entity0 's Hospital, Victoria, Australia. DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity0 : We conducted structured interviews of 215 @entity0 in the postnatal ward of a tertiary hospital, within 72 hours of a vaginal birth. FINDINGS: The structured interviews revealed that 90% of @entity0 reported some perineal @entity2 , with 37% reporting moderate or severe @entity2 . The degree of perineal @entity1 predicted @entity0 's ratings of perineal @entity2 on a visual analogue scale, with more severe @entity1 related to higher @entity2 scores. Over a third of @entity0 experienced moderate or severe perineal @entity2 , particularly when walking (33%) or sitting (39%), while 45% noted that @entity2 interfered with their ability to sleep. @entity0 reported moderate or severe perineal @entity2 when they undertook activities involving feeding their @entity0 (12%) or caring for their @entity0 (12%). @entity0 used a range of @entity3 , including a combination of ice packs (69%), oral @entity3 (75%), narcotic @entity3 (4%) and anti-inflammatory suppositories (25%). The majority of @entity0 rated these forms of @entity3 as effective and identified very few side effects. KEY CONCLUSIONS: Following vaginal birth, @entity0 commonly reported @entity2 from perineal @entity1 . This @entity2 affected @entity0 's ability to mobilise and was relieved by a variety of agents. Side effects from @entity3 were rare. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The prevalence of perineal @entity2 and the associated impact on @entity0 's recovery from childbirth warrants midwives' proactive care in offering a range of effective @entity2 relief options to @entity0 .

title: Perineal @entity2 following childbirth: prevalence, effects on postnatal recovery and XXXX usage.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of perineal @entity2 , the effects of @entity2 on postnatal recovery, @entity3 used to relieve @entity2 and the perceived effectiveness of such @entity3 at the Royal @entity0 's Hospital, Victoria, Australia. DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity0 : We conducted structured interviews of 215 @entity0 in the postnatal ward of a tertiary hospital, within 72 hours of a vaginal birth. FINDINGS: The structured interviews revealed that 90% of @entity0 reported some perineal @entity2 , with 37% reporting moderate or severe @entity2 . The degree of perineal @entity1 predicted @entity0 's ratings of perineal @entity2 on a visual analogue scale, with more severe @entity1 related to higher @entity2 scores. Over a third of @entity0 experienced moderate or severe perineal @entity2 , particularly when walking (33%) or sitting (39%), while 45% noted that @entity2 interfered with their ability to sleep. @entity0 reported moderate or severe perineal @entity2 when they undertook activities involving feeding their @entity0 (12%) or caring for their @entity0 (12%). @entity0 used a range of @entity3 , including a combination of ice packs (69%), oral @entity3 (75%), narcotic @entity3 (4%) and anti-inflammatory suppositories (25%). The majority of @entity0 rated these forms of @entity3 as effective and identified very few side effects. KEY CONCLUSIONS: Following vaginal birth, @entity0 commonly reported @entity2 from perineal @entity1 . This @entity2 affected @entity0 's ability to mobilise and was relieved by a variety of agents. Side effects from @entity3 were rare. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The prevalence of perineal @entity2 and the associated impact on @entity0 's recovery from childbirth warrants midwives' proactive care in offering a range of effective @entity2 relief options to @entity0 .

title: Perineal XXXX following childbirth: prevalence, effects on postnatal recovery and @entity3 usage.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Prolonged @entity6 treatment in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) often leads to the expression of @entity3 known as @entity6 -induced @entity3 . Recently, dramatic 80Hz oscillatory @entity5 ( @entity5 ) activity within the primary motor cortex has been linked to @entity3 in a rodent model of @entity1 and attributed to stimulation of cortical @entity4 D1 receptors. To characterize the relationship between high gamma (70-110Hz) cortical activity and the development of @entity6 -induced @entity3 , cortical @entity5 and spike signals were recorded in hemiparkinsonian @entity0 treated with @entity6 for 7days, and @entity3 was quantified using the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) scale. The relationship between high gamma and @entity3 was further probed by assessment of the effects of pharmacological agents known to induce or modulate @entity3 expression. Findings demonstrate that @entity3 and high gamma @entity5 power increase between days 1 and 7 of @entity6 priming. Notably, high beta (25-35Hz) power associated with @entity1 decreased as @entity3 and high gamma @entity5 power increased during priming. After priming, @entity0 were treated with the D1 agonist @entity9 and the D2 agonist @entity10 . Both @entity4 agonists independently induced @entity3 and high gamma cortical activity that were similar to that induced by @entity6 , showing that this @entity5 activity is neither D1 nor D2 receptor specific. The @entity2 1A receptor agonist @entity7 reduced @entity6 - and DA agonist-induced @entity3 and high gamma power to varying degrees, while the @entity2 1A antagonist @entity8 reversed these effects. Unexpectedly, as cortical high gamma power increased, phase locking of cortical pyramidal spiking to high gamma oscillations decreased, raising questions regarding the neural substrate(s) responsible for high gamma generation and the functional correlation between high gamma and @entity3 .

title: Effects of XXXX priming on cortical high beta and high gamma oscillatory activity in a rodent model of @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Prolonged @entity6 treatment in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) often leads to the expression of @entity3 known as @entity6 -induced @entity3 . Recently, dramatic 80Hz oscillatory @entity5 ( @entity5 ) activity within the primary motor cortex has been linked to @entity3 in a rodent model of @entity1 and attributed to stimulation of cortical @entity4 D1 receptors. To characterize the relationship between high gamma (70-110Hz) cortical activity and the development of @entity6 -induced @entity3 , cortical @entity5 and spike signals were recorded in hemiparkinsonian @entity0 treated with @entity6 for 7days, and @entity3 was quantified using the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) scale. The relationship between high gamma and @entity3 was further probed by assessment of the effects of pharmacological agents known to induce or modulate @entity3 expression. Findings demonstrate that @entity3 and high gamma @entity5 power increase between days 1 and 7 of @entity6 priming. Notably, high beta (25-35Hz) power associated with @entity1 decreased as @entity3 and high gamma @entity5 power increased during priming. After priming, @entity0 were treated with the D1 agonist @entity9 and the D2 agonist @entity10 . Both @entity4 agonists independently induced @entity3 and high gamma cortical activity that were similar to that induced by @entity6 , showing that this @entity5 activity is neither D1 nor D2 receptor specific. The @entity2 1A receptor agonist @entity7 reduced @entity6 - and DA agonist-induced @entity3 and high gamma power to varying degrees, while the @entity2 1A antagonist @entity8 reversed these effects. Unexpectedly, as cortical high gamma power increased, phase locking of cortical pyramidal spiking to high gamma oscillations decreased, raising questions regarding the neural substrate(s) responsible for high gamma generation and the functional correlation between high gamma and @entity3 .

title: Effects of @entity6 priming on cortical high beta and high gamma oscillatory activity in a rodent model of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for the treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: We have performed @entity3 to treat @entity5 using a single three-channel port system with a wound retractor and surgical glove since October 2008. All @entity0 who underwent @entity3 for @entity5 between October 2008 and September 2009 were included in the study. We retrospectively reviewed their medical records and analyzed demographic data and surgical outcomes including age, medico-surgical illness, surgical indications, operative times and pathologic results. RESULTS: Eighty-six @entity0 underwent @entity3 for @entity5 . The median age of the @entity0 was 31 years (range 14-78 years), the median body mass index was 21.0 kg/m(2) (range 16.7-32.2 kg/m(2)), and the median operation time was 64.5 min (range 21-176 min). The median @entity2 was 10 ml (range 10-300 ml). The median length of postoperative hospital stay was 2 days (range 1-7 days). Endometriosis was the most frequently diagnosed etiology (34.9%). Other laparoscopic approaches were employed in two cases (2.3%). There were four cases (4.7%) with complications: three with @entity4 and one with @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a feasible approach for the treatment of @entity5 .

title: Single port transumbilical laparoscopic surgery for XXXX : a single center experience in Korea.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Extramammary @entity3 of the perianal region is a rare finding that often results in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Although the natural history of the disease is not well characterized, it historically has been associated with other @entity1 . This study summarizes the history and treatment of all @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 at a single institution. METHODS: Charts of all @entity0 with a diagnosis of extramammary @entity3 of the perianal region confirmed or treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1950 and 2000 were reviewed. @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 were excluded except when @entity3 of the perianal region was diagnosed first. Whenever possible, follow-up information was updated. Estimates of overall and disease-free survival were made by the method of Kaplan and Meier. RESULTS: Twenty-seven @entity0 with a median age of 63 years were diagnosed with @entity3 . Most @entity0 (74 percent) were treated with wide excision. Local recurrence occurred in 37 percent of all @entity0 treated and in 30 percent of @entity0 (6/20) undergoing a wide excision as part of their treatment. An invasive component was identified in 44 percent of @entity0 (12/27) with @entity3 . Six @entity0 (22 percent) required a colostomy as part of the treatment for their disease. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was used in 22 percent of @entity0 (6/27) who had more aggressive disease. At a median follow-up of 67 months, 56 percent (15/27) had no evidence of disease, and two @entity0 had died of metastatic disease. The overall and disease-free survival at five years was 59 and 64 percent, respectively, which decreased to 33 and 39 percent, respectively, by ten years. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a rare finding even at a large referral center. The disease process is generally a prolonged one marked by frequent recurrences, and the treatment of first choice is wide excision. @entity0 with @entity1 require more extensive surgery. The role of chemoradiotherapy remains undefined in this disease.

title: Long-term outcome of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The expression pattern and function of miRs in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of miR-181b in the post- @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: The @entity2 - @entity4 -induced @entity1 model was established in @entity0 . The expression of miR-181b in @entity0 blood and hippocampus was confirmed by RT-PCR at 24 hous and 7 days post- @entity1 . The expression of @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity3 was detected by RT-PCR and western blot. After the @entity0 model was treated with LV-rno-mir181b and LV-anti-181b-5p, the expression change of miR-181b, @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity3 was examined again. The effects of altering the expression of miR-181b on neurone cell apoptosis post- @entity1 were assessed. RESULTS: The expression of miR-181b significantly decreased both in post- @entity1 @entity0 hippocampus and peripheral blood at 24 hours and 7 days (p<0.05). @entity6 is up-regulated, however, @entity5 and @entity3 are down-regulated (p<0.05). LV-miR-181b treatment induced down-regulation of @entity6 and up-regulation of @entity5 and @entity3 (p<0.05). Neurone cell apoptosis decreased in miR-181b group and post- @entity1 @entity0 hippocampal (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed the low-expression of miR-181b in the hippocampus in a post- @entity1 @entity0 model. MiR-181b negatively regulated @entity6 as an anti-apoptotic gene via Notch signaling pathway.

title: Mir-181b Functions as Anti-Apoptotic Gene in Post-Status Epilepticus via Modulation of XXXX and Notch Signaling Pathway.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: We combined alemtuzumab (Campath-1H, Berlex Laboratories, Montville, NJ) and @entity4 (Tac) immunosuppression for intestinal and multivisceral transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 21 adult @entity0 received 24 grafts: 14 intestinal, nine multivisceral, and one liver-intestinal graft. Alemtuzumab was administered perioperatively in four doses with low-dose Tac (levels 10-15 ng/dL) and no maintenance @entity2 . Tac was substituted with @entity7 in case of Tac-related complications. Suspected or mild rejections were treated with @entity2 . Moderate rejections were treated with @entity2 or OKT3. Severe rejections were treated with OKT3. RESULTS: Of the 16 @entity0 that were followed up for an average of 9 months, 12 are alive with functioning grafts. Two @entity0 experienced severe rejection, three experienced moderate rejection episodes, and seven experienced mild acute rejection episodes. Four @entity0 never developed acute rejection. Infectious complications included a @entity6 and four @entity3 (related to central venous access). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of alemtuzumab and Tac therapy without @entity1 use seems to efficiently prevent acute rejection in a significant number of @entity0 without causing frequent @entity5 .

title: Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) combined with XXXX in intestinal and multivisceral transplantation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is the most common late side-effect of radiotherapy to the @entity2 . Compared with conventional radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) can reduce irradiation of the parotid glands. We assessed the hypothesis that parotid-sparing IMRT reduces the incidence of severe @entity5 . METHODS: We undertook a randomised controlled trial between Jan 21, 2003, and Dec 7, 2007, that compared conventional radiotherapy (control) with parotid-sparing IMRT. We randomly assigned @entity0 with histologically confirmed @entity4 (T1-4, N0-3, M0) at six UK radiotherapy centres between the two radiotherapy techniques (1:1 ratio). A dose of 60 or 65 Gy was prescribed in 30 daily fractions given Monday to Friday. Treatment was not masked. Randomisation was by computer-generated permuted blocks and was stratified by centre and @entity1 site. Our primary endpoint was the proportion of @entity0 with grade 2 or worse @entity5 at 12 months, as assessed by the Late Effects of Normal Tissue (LENT SOMA) scale. Analyses were done on an intention-to-treat basis, with all @entity0 who had assessments included. Long-term follow-up of @entity0 is ongoing. This study is registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial register, number ISRCTN48243537. FINDINGS: 47 @entity0 were assigned to each treatment arm. Median follow-up was 44  0 months (IQR 30  0-59  7). Six @entity0 from each group died before 12 months and seven @entity0 from the conventional radiotherapy and two from the IMRT group were not assessed at 12 months. At 12 months @entity5 side-effects were reported in 73 of 82 alive @entity0 ; grade 2 or worse @entity5 at 12 months was significantly lower in the IMRT group than in the conventional radiotherapy group (25 [74%; 95% CI 56-87] of 34 @entity0 given conventional radiotherapy vs 15 [38%; 23-55] of 39 given IMRT, p=0  0027). The only recorded acute adverse event of grade 2 or worse that differed significantly between the treatment groups was fatigue, which was more prevalent in the IMRT group (18 [41%; 99% CI 23-61] of 44 @entity0 given conventional radiotherapy vs 35 [74%; 55-89] of 47 given IMRT, p=0  0015). At 24 months, grade 2 or worse @entity5 was significantly less common with IMRT than with conventional radiotherapy (20 [83%; 95% CI 63-95] of 24 @entity0 given conventional radiotherapy vs nine [29%; 14-48] of 31 given IMRT; p<0  0001). At 12 and 24 months, significant benefits were seen in recovery of saliva secretion with IMRT compared with conventional radiotherapy, as were clinically significant improvements in dry-mouth-specific and global quality of life scores. At 24 months, no significant differences were seen between randomised groups in non- @entity5 late @entity3 , locoregional control, or overall survival. INTERPRETATION: Sparing the parotid glands with IMRT significantly reduces the incidence of @entity5 and leads to recovery of saliva secretion and improvements in associated quality of life, and thus strongly supports a role for IMRT in @entity4 of the @entity2 . FUNDING: Cancer Research UK (CRUK/03/005).

title: Parotid-sparing intensity modulated versus conventional radiotherapy in XXXX (PARSPORT): a phase 3 multicentre randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: The preferred reperfusion strategy for early @entity1 ( @entity1 , defined as time from symptoms onset  <=120 min) in non-capable percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) centres remains controversial. We sought to compare mortality of in situ fibrinolysis vs. PCI transfer in a real-life consecutive cohort of early @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Prospective multicentre @entity1 registry (Catalonia 'Codi IAM' network) of all-comers in a non-capable PCI centre with symptom onset to first medical contact (FMC) <120 min. Two groups were identified: in situ fibrinolysis and transfer to a PCI-capable centre. Primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. We included 2470 @entity0 , of whom 2227 (90.2%) and 243 (9.8%) comprised the transfer and fibrinolysis groups, respectively. In the fibrinolysis group, diagnostic and system delays were shorter (24 vs. 31 min, P < 0.001; 45 vs. 119 min, P < 0.001, respectively). Thirty-day mortality was 7.7 and 5.1% in fibrinolysis and transfer groups, respectively (P = 0.09). However, @entity0 in the transfer group whose time FMC-device was achieved within 140 min were associated with significantly lower mortality (2.0% for FMC-device <99 min, and 4.6% for FMC-device 99-140 min; P < 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively vs. fibrinolysis). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, reperfusion with fibrinolysis was an independent 30-day mortality predictive factor (odds ratio: 1.91, 95% confidence interval: 1.01-3.50; P = 0.04), together with age and Killip-Kimball class (both P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In early @entity1 @entity0 assisted in non-capable PCI centres, in situ fibrinolysis had worse prognosis than @entity0 transfer. Transfer to a PCI-capable centre seems recommended in @entity0 with FMC-device delay <140 min.

title: Early XXXX in non-capable percutaneous coronary intervention centres: in situ fibrinolysis vs. percutaneous coronary intervention transfer.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few instruments that measure physical activity (PA) can accurately quantify PA performed at light and moderate intensities, which is particularly relevant in older adults. The evidence of their reliability in free-living conditions is limited. OBJECTIVE: The study objectives were: (1) to determine the test-retest reliability of the Actigraph (ACT), SenseWear Armband (SWA), and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) questionnaire in assessing free-living PA at light and moderate intensities in @entity0 after total knee arthroplasty; (2) to compare the reliability of the 3 instruments relative to each other; and (3) to determine the reliability of commonly used monitoring time frames (24 hours, waking hours, and 10 hours from awakening). DESIGN: A one-group, repeated-measures design was used. METHODS: @entity0 wore the activity monitors for 2 weeks, and the @entity1 questionnaire was completed at the end of each week. Test-retest reliability was determined by using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [2,k]) to compare PA measures from one week with those from the other week. RESULTS: Data from 28 @entity0 who reported similar PA during the 2 weeks were included in the analysis. The mean age of these @entity0 was 69 years (SD=8), and 75% of them were @entity0 . Reliability ranged from moderate to excellent for the ACT (ICC=.75-.86) and was excellent for the SWA (ICC=.93-.95) and the @entity1 questionnaire (ICC=.86-.92). The 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of the ICCs from the SWA were the only ones within the excellent reliability range (.85-.98). The @entity1 questionnaire showed systematic bias, with less PA being reported in week 2. The reliability of PA measures in the waking-hour time frame was comparable to that in the 24-hour time frame and reflected most PA performed during this period. LIMITATIONS: Reliability may be lower for time intervals longer than 1 week. CONCLUSIONS: All PA measures showed good reliability. The reliability of the ACT was lower than those of the SWA and the @entity1 questionnaire. The SWA provided more precise reliability estimates. Wearing PA monitors during waking hours provided sufficiently reliable measures and can reduce the burden on @entity0 wearing them.

title: Reliability of Physical Activity Measures During Free-Living Activities in XXXX After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 is a multifactorial disease, of which etiology is based on interaction between genetic susceptibility and environment. However, few studies attempted to identify the risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic influence and its interaction with environmental quality and stress, as possible risk factors for @entity1 development. @entity0 AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated two groups of @entity0 , of which 47 had a clinical diagnosis of @entity1 , and 41 @entity0 comprising thre control group, all from the town of Novo Hamburgo, RS. The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) gene polymorphism was analyzed in DNA extracted from total blood, in both samples. Environmental factors were studied through Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults and by applying the WHOQOL-100 domain V. RESULTS: Among the @entity0 , more @entity0 had high stress levels when compared to the control sample (P < 0.001); moreover, the average scores of the WHOQOL-100 domain V, which analyze environment quality, were lower in this group (P < 0.001). @entity2 genotypic and allelic frequencies were similar between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that low WHOQOL-100 scores increase the chance of disease development by 57.7 times (P < 0.001), and that high stress levels were related with the disease (OR = 197.2; P < 0.001). This approach pointed out an interaction between stress and presence of E*2 allele (P = 0.028). @entity1 was much more frequent in @entity0 with high stress levels that were E*2 non-carriers (estimated OR = 265.1), when compared to @entity0 with the same stress level, but E*2 carriers (estimated OR = 1.06). CONCLUSION: E*2 allele presence could have a protective action regarding the association between @entity1 and stress.

title: Association between environmental quality, stress and @entity2 gene variation in XXXX susceptibility determination.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 is a multifactorial disease, of which etiology is based on interaction between genetic susceptibility and environment. However, few studies attempted to identify the risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic influence and its interaction with environmental quality and stress, as possible risk factors for @entity1 development. @entity0 AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated two groups of @entity0 , of which 47 had a clinical diagnosis of @entity1 , and 41 @entity0 comprising thre control group, all from the town of Novo Hamburgo, RS. The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) gene polymorphism was analyzed in DNA extracted from total blood, in both samples. Environmental factors were studied through Lipp's Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults and by applying the WHOQOL-100 domain V. RESULTS: Among the @entity0 , more @entity0 had high stress levels when compared to the control sample (P < 0.001); moreover, the average scores of the WHOQOL-100 domain V, which analyze environment quality, were lower in this group (P < 0.001). @entity2 genotypic and allelic frequencies were similar between the two groups. Multivariate analysis showed that low WHOQOL-100 scores increase the chance of disease development by 57.7 times (P < 0.001), and that high stress levels were related with the disease (OR = 197.2; P < 0.001). This approach pointed out an interaction between stress and presence of E*2 allele (P = 0.028). @entity1 was much more frequent in @entity0 with high stress levels that were E*2 non-carriers (estimated OR = 265.1), when compared to @entity0 with the same stress level, but E*2 carriers (estimated OR = 1.06). CONCLUSION: E*2 allele presence could have a protective action regarding the association between @entity1 and stress.

title: Association between environmental quality, stress and XXXX gene variation in @entity1 susceptibility determination.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To validate the clinical and epidemiological diagnosis criterion for confirming @entity3 suspect cases. METHODS: The study comprised 2,687 and 716 @entity0 admitted with @entity1 to a public hospital in Macei , Brazil, in 1992 and 1997 respectively. Culture of @entity2 O1 (Koch, 1884) in TCBS-agar was performed and the clinical and epidemiological criterion was applied and compared to the gold standard. The statistical analysis was carried out in two age-groups: less than five years old and five years old or more. RESULTS: There were studied 833 @entity0 , of which 517 in 1992 and 316 in 1997; 72 aged less than five years and 761 aged five years or more. In those aged less than five years in 1992, sensitivity was 40% and specificity 84.6%. For this same age-group in 1997, sensitivity was 28.6% and specificity 62.5%. In @entity0 aged five years or more in 1992, sensitivity was 99% and specificity 1.2%. For this same age-group in 1997, sensitivity was 86.9% and specificity 8.7%. CONCLUSION: The higher sensitivity of the clinical and epidemiological @entity3 diagnosis criterion in @entity0 aged five years or more found in the study support its application during epidemics periods. In periods of lower incidence, all cases need to be confirmed using laboratory methods.

title: [Validation of clinical and epidemiological diagnosis criterion for confirming XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Reinfusion of mediastinal shed blood during cardiopulmonary bypass reportedly reduces the need for homologous blood transfusion. Although the @entity1 is thought to be amplified by shear stress during cardiopulmonary bypass and processing, the time-related deterioration of red blood cells (RBCs) in stored shed blood has not been studied extensively. In this study, we examined time-related @entity2 in shed blood stored at different temperatures. We examined processed shed blood collected from 15 @entity0 (11 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 ; mean age      standard deviation, 71      9  years) during cardiopulmonary bypass. The shed blood was collected and stored at 20  C (group A) or 4  @entity3 ). Stored blood collected by venipuncture at the end of the surgery was used as a control. Damage was assessed by measuring its free hemoglobin (Hb) levels, using a photometric assay. The free Hb levels in blood samples from each group were tested at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48  h after surgery. The free Hb levels (g/dl) at 0, 12, and 24  h were 0.03      0.01, 0.05      0.02*, and 0.06      0.02* in group A; 0.03      0.02, 0.04      0.03, and 0.05      0.02* in group B; and 0.01      0.01, 0.01      0.01, and 0.01      0.01 in the control group (*p  <  0.05 vs. 0  h after surgery). The free Hb levels in stored shed blood significantly increased after 12  h in group A (20  C) and increased after 24  h in group B (4  C), whereas in drawn blood, they did not significantly increase over the first 24  h. Compared to storage at 20  C, storage at 4  C suppresses the increase in the free Hb levels.

title: Time-related XXXX in stored shed mediastinal blood after cardiopulmonary bypass.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Classical molecular genetics uses stringent selective conditions to identify mutants with distinct phenotypic responses. Mutations giving rise to less pronounced phenotypes are often missed. However, to gain systems-level insights into complex genetic interaction networks requires genome-wide assignment of quantitative phenotypic traits. In this paper, we present a quantitative selection approach coupled with transposon sequencing (QS-TnSeq) to globally identify the cellular components that orchestrate susceptibility of the cell cycle model bacterium @entity3 toward bacteriophage   @entity0 . We found that 135 genes representing 3.30% of the @entity3 genome exhibit significant accumulation of transposon insertions upon   CbK selection. More than 85% thereof consist of new factors not previously associated with phage   CbK susceptibility. Using hierarchical clustering of dose-dependent TnSeq datasets, we grouped these genes into functional modules that correlate with different stages of the   @entity0 process. We assign   CbK susceptibility to eight new genes that represent novel components of the pilus secretion machinery. Further, we demonstrate that, from 86 motility genes, only seven genes encoding structural and regulatory components of the flagellar hook increase phage resistance when disrupted by transposons, suggesting a link between flagellar hook assembly and pili biogenesis. In addition, we observe high recovery of Tn5 insertions within regulatory sequences of the genes encoding the essential @entity1 : @entity2 oxidoreductase complex indicating that intact proton motive force is crucial for effective phage propagation. In sum, QS-TnSeq is broadly applicable to perform quantitative and genome-wide systems-genetics analysis of complex phenotypic traits.

title: Quantitative Selection Analysis of Bacteriophage   CbK Susceptibility in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the level of endothelial damage caused by contact with materials used in contemporary @entity1 drainage devices and a @entity3 polymer-coated @entity5 (PC- @entity5 ). METHODS Standard-sized discs of @entity2 , @entity5 (polymethylmethacrylate), and PC- @entity5 (n = 6) were gently lowered onto cultured @entity0 corneal endothelial (BCE) monolayers using a vacuum suction device. A 2.4-g stainless steel cloning ring weight was then placed on top of each disc. The weights and discs were removed using a vacuum suction device and forceps after 5 minutes of contact. A 0.4% @entity4 solution was used to stain the cell monolayer to visualize the area of cell damage. The total area of damage in each well (including the area stripped of cells) was measured using an image processor and expressed as a percentage of the total disc area to derive a damage coefficient for each material. Damage coefficients for different materials were compared using Bonferroni corrected analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: Percentage of areas of damage (mean +/- SD) after standardized contact were as follows: @entity5 , 5.95 +/- 4.60%; @entity2 , 3.08 +/- 2.68%; PC- @entity5 , 0.15 +/- 0.25%. @entity5 caused marked endothelial cell damage. PC- @entity5 discs produced a significantly lower level (p = 0.04) of endothelial cell trauma. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that PC coating technology may be effective in reducing the rate of corneal endothelial failure following GDD implantation.

title: Corneal endothelial cell damage from XXXX drainage device materials.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: While skeletal muscle mass is an established primary outcome related to understanding @entity0 mechanisms, considerable gaps exist in our understanding of muscle biochemical and functional properties that have recognized roles in systemic health. Skeletal muscle quality is a classification beyond mass, and is aligned with muscle's metabolic capacity and substrate utilization flexibility. This supplies an additional role for the mitochondria in @entity0 -induced @entity2 . While the historical assessment of mitochondria content and function during @entity0 -induced @entity1 was closely aligned with energy flux and @entity4 susceptibility, this understanding has expanded to link mitochondria dysfunction to cellular processes regulating myofiber @entity4 . The primary objective of this article is to highlight muscle mitochondria and oxidative metabolism as a biological target of @entity0 and also as a cellular regulator of @entity0 -induced @entity2 . Initially, we examine the role of muscle metabolic phenotype and mitochondria content in @entity0 -induced @entity4 susceptibility. We then assess the evidence for @entity0 -induced regulation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, mitophagy, and oxidative stress. In addition, we discuss environments associated with @entity0 that can impact the regulation of skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism. The article also examines the role of cytokine-mediated regulation of mitochondria function regulation, followed by the potential role of @entity0 -induced @entity5 . Lastly, a role for decreased muscle use in @entity0 -induced @entity3 is reviewed.

title: The Emerging Role of Skeletal Muscle Metabolism as a Biological Target and Cellular Regulator of Cancer-Induced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A phase II trial of @entity6 and low dose @entity3 in hormone-refractory metastatic @entity4 was conducted in order to investigate its safety, efficacy and impact on quality of life. @entity6 was administered at the dose of 25 mg/m(2) i.v. weekly for 12 weeks and then biweekly, along with 10 mg of daily oral @entity3 until time of progression. Fourteen @entity0 , median age of 74 years, were treated. The treatment was generally well tolerated with @entity7 and @entity5 as the major side effects. One @entity0 achieved partial remission and eleven remained with stable disease. One of the eleven @entity0 with stable disease had a dramatic PSA response from 1000 to 236 ng/ml; seven of these progressed after week twelve when @entity6 was given biweekly. PSA response occurred in 5 of 14 @entity0 . The median time to progression was 28 weeks and the median survival was 17 months. Nine out of the 14 accrued @entity0 were evaluable for quality of life assessment. Five of them improved, three remained unchanged and two had a slight worsening. Four @entity0 had improvement in @entity2 control and fatigue. Our preliminary data suggest that the combination of @entity6 / @entity3 has modest activity in metastatic @entity4 with a very favorable @entity1 profile and is very well tolerated in this group of elderly @entity0 .

title: Phase II study of XXXX with low dose @entity3 in the treatment of hormone-refractory metastatic @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: A phase II trial of @entity6 and low dose @entity3 in hormone-refractory metastatic @entity4 was conducted in order to investigate its safety, efficacy and impact on quality of life. @entity6 was administered at the dose of 25 mg/m(2) i.v. weekly for 12 weeks and then biweekly, along with 10 mg of daily oral @entity3 until time of progression. Fourteen @entity0 , median age of 74 years, were treated. The treatment was generally well tolerated with @entity7 and @entity5 as the major side effects. One @entity0 achieved partial remission and eleven remained with stable disease. One of the eleven @entity0 with stable disease had a dramatic PSA response from 1000 to 236 ng/ml; seven of these progressed after week twelve when @entity6 was given biweekly. PSA response occurred in 5 of 14 @entity0 . The median time to progression was 28 weeks and the median survival was 17 months. Nine out of the 14 accrued @entity0 were evaluable for quality of life assessment. Five of them improved, three remained unchanged and two had a slight worsening. Four @entity0 had improvement in @entity2 control and fatigue. Our preliminary data suggest that the combination of @entity6 / @entity3 has modest activity in metastatic @entity4 with a very favorable @entity1 profile and is very well tolerated in this group of elderly @entity0 .

title: Phase II study of @entity6 with low dose XXXX in the treatment of hormone-refractory metastatic @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A phase II trial of @entity6 and low dose @entity3 in hormone-refractory metastatic @entity4 was conducted in order to investigate its safety, efficacy and impact on quality of life. @entity6 was administered at the dose of 25 mg/m(2) i.v. weekly for 12 weeks and then biweekly, along with 10 mg of daily oral @entity3 until time of progression. Fourteen @entity0 , median age of 74 years, were treated. The treatment was generally well tolerated with @entity7 and @entity5 as the major side effects. One @entity0 achieved partial remission and eleven remained with stable disease. One of the eleven @entity0 with stable disease had a dramatic PSA response from 1000 to 236 ng/ml; seven of these progressed after week twelve when @entity6 was given biweekly. PSA response occurred in 5 of 14 @entity0 . The median time to progression was 28 weeks and the median survival was 17 months. Nine out of the 14 accrued @entity0 were evaluable for quality of life assessment. Five of them improved, three remained unchanged and two had a slight worsening. Four @entity0 had improvement in @entity2 control and fatigue. Our preliminary data suggest that the combination of @entity6 / @entity3 has modest activity in metastatic @entity4 with a very favorable @entity1 profile and is very well tolerated in this group of elderly @entity0 .

title: Phase II study of @entity6 with low dose @entity3 in the treatment of hormone-refractory metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It is known that psychosocial skills training programs increase the efficacy of @entity1 treatment. The aim of this study was to carry out the Turkish version of two modules of a commonly used program, Social Skills Training (Medication Management and Symptom Management Modules), and to determine its possible benefits. METHOD: The study was carried out at three sites. Fifty @entity1 @entity0 who were at least literate and who did not have @entity2 or organic mental diseases, aged 18-60, using antipsychotic agents in a standard dose and in a stable phase were included in the study. Eight training groups were formed. Each group consisted of 5-7 individuals and the study took approximately eight months. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Quality of Life Scale: an instrument for rating the @entity1 , the Drug Treatment Compliance Scale and Pre- and Post-Tests of Social Skills Training were applied to the @entity0 before and after the group education The scores of the rating scales were compared. RESULTS: Thirty-eight (76%) @entity0 completed the study. The mean age of the @entity0 was 32 +/- 7, 84% were @entity0 , 58% had received less than 11 years, of education 84% had never married, and 97% were living with their families. The mean age of illness onset was 20 +/- 5 years, and the mean duration of the illness was 12 +/- 7 years. At the end of the study, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores (baseline 42.0, after the training 37.1, p<0.02), and the Quality of Life Scale scores (baseline 67.5, after the training 75.3, p<0.01) were significantly changed. The level of knowledge of the @entity0 about the medication and symptoms of @entity1 increased 20.6%. Drug treatment compliance had also increased by the end of the study. CONCLUSION: The results show that this program contributed to the treatment compliance and treatment efficacy in @entity1 . Increased treatment efficacy might have played a role in increasing of the quality of life a long with the group milieu. It may be concluded that this social skills training program, which did not encounter any problems in application, may contribute significantly to the treatment of @entity1 .

title: [Social skills training in psychosocial therapy of XXXX : a multicenter study for symptom management and medication management modules].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is an autosomal dominant @entity5 characterized by early onset @entity1 of the colorectum, endometrium and other @entity1 . A significant proportion of DNA variants in @entity4 @entity0 are unclassified. Reports on the pathogenicity of the @entity8 ( @entity9 ) variant of the @entity7 gene are conflicting. In this study, we provide new evidence indicating that this variant has no significant implications for @entity4 . METHODS: The following approach was used to assess the clinical significance of the @entity9 variant: frequency in a control population, case-control comparison, co-occurrence of the @entity9 variant with a pathogenic mutation, co-segregation with the disease and @entity3 in @entity1 from carriers of the variant. We genotyped @entity9 in 1034 individuals (373 sporadic @entity2 [ @entity2 ] @entity0 , 250 index subjects from families suspected of having @entity4 [revised Bethesda guidelines] and 411 controls). Three well-characterized @entity4 families that fulfilled the Amsterdam II Criteria and consisted of members with the @entity9 variant were included to assess co-occurrence and co-segregation. A subset of @entity2 DNA samples from 17 @entity0 carrying the @entity9 variant was screened for @entity3 using five mononucleotide markers. RESULTS: Twenty-seven individuals were heterozygous for the @entity9 variant; nine had sporadic @entity2 (2.41%), seven were suspected of having hereditary @entity2 (2.8%) and 11 were controls (2.68%). There were no significant associations in the case-control and case-case studies. The @entity9 variant was co-existent with pathogenic mutations in two unrelated @entity4 families. In one family, the allele distribution of the pathogenic and unclassified variant was in trans, in the other family the pathogenic variant was detected in the @entity6 gene and only the deleterious variant co-segregated with the disease in both families. Only two positive cases of @entity3 (2/17, 11.8%) were detected in @entity1 from @entity9 carriers, indicating that this variant does not play a role in functional inactivation of @entity7 in @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity9 variant should be considered a neutral variant for @entity4 . These findings have implications for the clinical management of @entity2 probands and their relatives.

title: Evidence for classification of @entity8 in XXXX as a neutral variant for @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is an autosomal dominant @entity5 characterized by early onset @entity1 of the colorectum, endometrium and other @entity1 . A significant proportion of DNA variants in @entity4 @entity0 are unclassified. Reports on the pathogenicity of the @entity8 ( @entity9 ) variant of the @entity7 gene are conflicting. In this study, we provide new evidence indicating that this variant has no significant implications for @entity4 . METHODS: The following approach was used to assess the clinical significance of the @entity9 variant: frequency in a control population, case-control comparison, co-occurrence of the @entity9 variant with a pathogenic mutation, co-segregation with the disease and @entity3 in @entity1 from carriers of the variant. We genotyped @entity9 in 1034 individuals (373 sporadic @entity2 [ @entity2 ] @entity0 , 250 index subjects from families suspected of having @entity4 [revised Bethesda guidelines] and 411 controls). Three well-characterized @entity4 families that fulfilled the Amsterdam II Criteria and consisted of members with the @entity9 variant were included to assess co-occurrence and co-segregation. A subset of @entity2 DNA samples from 17 @entity0 carrying the @entity9 variant was screened for @entity3 using five mononucleotide markers. RESULTS: Twenty-seven individuals were heterozygous for the @entity9 variant; nine had sporadic @entity2 (2.41%), seven were suspected of having hereditary @entity2 (2.8%) and 11 were controls (2.68%). There were no significant associations in the case-control and case-case studies. The @entity9 variant was co-existent with pathogenic mutations in two unrelated @entity4 families. In one family, the allele distribution of the pathogenic and unclassified variant was in trans, in the other family the pathogenic variant was detected in the @entity6 gene and only the deleterious variant co-segregated with the disease in both families. Only two positive cases of @entity3 (2/17, 11.8%) were detected in @entity1 from @entity9 carriers, indicating that this variant does not play a role in functional inactivation of @entity7 in @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity9 variant should be considered a neutral variant for @entity4 . These findings have implications for the clinical management of @entity2 probands and their relatives.

title: Evidence for classification of @entity8 in @entity7 as a neutral variant for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is an autosomal dominant @entity5 characterized by early onset @entity1 of the colorectum, endometrium and other @entity1 . A significant proportion of DNA variants in @entity4 @entity0 are unclassified. Reports on the pathogenicity of the @entity8 ( @entity9 ) variant of the @entity7 gene are conflicting. In this study, we provide new evidence indicating that this variant has no significant implications for @entity4 . METHODS: The following approach was used to assess the clinical significance of the @entity9 variant: frequency in a control population, case-control comparison, co-occurrence of the @entity9 variant with a pathogenic mutation, co-segregation with the disease and @entity3 in @entity1 from carriers of the variant. We genotyped @entity9 in 1034 individuals (373 sporadic @entity2 [ @entity2 ] @entity0 , 250 index subjects from families suspected of having @entity4 [revised Bethesda guidelines] and 411 controls). Three well-characterized @entity4 families that fulfilled the Amsterdam II Criteria and consisted of members with the @entity9 variant were included to assess co-occurrence and co-segregation. A subset of @entity2 DNA samples from 17 @entity0 carrying the @entity9 variant was screened for @entity3 using five mononucleotide markers. RESULTS: Twenty-seven individuals were heterozygous for the @entity9 variant; nine had sporadic @entity2 (2.41%), seven were suspected of having hereditary @entity2 (2.8%) and 11 were controls (2.68%). There were no significant associations in the case-control and case-case studies. The @entity9 variant was co-existent with pathogenic mutations in two unrelated @entity4 families. In one family, the allele distribution of the pathogenic and unclassified variant was in trans, in the other family the pathogenic variant was detected in the @entity6 gene and only the deleterious variant co-segregated with the disease in both families. Only two positive cases of @entity3 (2/17, 11.8%) were detected in @entity1 from @entity9 carriers, indicating that this variant does not play a role in functional inactivation of @entity7 in @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity9 variant should be considered a neutral variant for @entity4 . These findings have implications for the clinical management of @entity2 probands and their relatives.

title: Evidence for classification of XXXX in @entity7 as a neutral variant for @entity4 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: The increased risk for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been partly attributed to @entity6 . There is limited information on the effect of @entity4 on lipoprotein (a) [ @entity8 ], which is considered a significant predictor of @entity2 . Serum @entity8 levels are predominantly regulated by apolipoprotein [apo(a)] gene polymorphisms. The aim of our study was to evaluate the @entity8 levels and apo(a) phenotypes in @entity0 with @entity4 compared to healthy controls as well as the influence of @entity5 substitution therapy on @entity8 values in relation to the apo(a) isoform size. @entity8 levels were measured in 69 @entity0 with @entity4 before and after restoration of a euthyroid state and in 83 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Apo(a) isoform size was determined by @entity7 ( @entity1 ) agarose gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting and development via chemiluminescence. @entity0 with @entity4 exhibited increased @entity8 levels compared to controls (median value 10.6 mg/dL vs. 6.0 mg/dL, p = 0.003]), but this was not because of differences in the frequencies of apo(a) phenotypes. There was no association between thyrotropin (TSH) and @entity8 levels in @entity0 with @entity4 . In subjects with either low (LMW; 25 @entity0 and 28 controls) or high (HMW; 44 @entity0 and 55 controls) molecular weight apo(a) isoforms, @entity8 concentrations were higher in @entity0 than in the control group (median values 26.9 mg/dL vs. 21.8 mg/dL, p = 0.02 for LMW, and 6.0 mg/dL versus 3.3 mg/dL, p < 0.001 for HMW). @entity5 treatment resulted in an overall reduction of @entity8 levels (10.6 mg/dL baseline vs. 8.9 mg/dL posttreatment, p = 0.008]). This effect was mainly evident in @entity0 with LMW apo(a) isoforms associated with high baseline @entity8 concentrations (median values 26.9 mg/dL vs. 23.2 mg/dL pretreatment and posttreatment, respectively; p = 0.03). In conclusion, even though a causal effect of @entity3 on @entity8 was not clearly demonstrated in @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity5 treatment is beneficial, especially in @entity0 with increased baseline @entity8 levels and LMW apo(a) isoforms.

title: Lipoprotein (a) levels and apolipoprotein (a) isoform size in @entity0 with XXXX : effect of treatment with @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The increased risk for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been partly attributed to @entity6 . There is limited information on the effect of @entity4 on lipoprotein (a) [ @entity8 ], which is considered a significant predictor of @entity2 . Serum @entity8 levels are predominantly regulated by apolipoprotein [apo(a)] gene polymorphisms. The aim of our study was to evaluate the @entity8 levels and apo(a) phenotypes in @entity0 with @entity4 compared to healthy controls as well as the influence of @entity5 substitution therapy on @entity8 values in relation to the apo(a) isoform size. @entity8 levels were measured in 69 @entity0 with @entity4 before and after restoration of a euthyroid state and in 83 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Apo(a) isoform size was determined by @entity7 ( @entity1 ) agarose gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting and development via chemiluminescence. @entity0 with @entity4 exhibited increased @entity8 levels compared to controls (median value 10.6 mg/dL vs. 6.0 mg/dL, p = 0.003]), but this was not because of differences in the frequencies of apo(a) phenotypes. There was no association between thyrotropin (TSH) and @entity8 levels in @entity0 with @entity4 . In subjects with either low (LMW; 25 @entity0 and 28 controls) or high (HMW; 44 @entity0 and 55 controls) molecular weight apo(a) isoforms, @entity8 concentrations were higher in @entity0 than in the control group (median values 26.9 mg/dL vs. 21.8 mg/dL, p = 0.02 for LMW, and 6.0 mg/dL versus 3.3 mg/dL, p < 0.001 for HMW). @entity5 treatment resulted in an overall reduction of @entity8 levels (10.6 mg/dL baseline vs. 8.9 mg/dL posttreatment, p = 0.008]). This effect was mainly evident in @entity0 with LMW apo(a) isoforms associated with high baseline @entity8 concentrations (median values 26.9 mg/dL vs. 23.2 mg/dL pretreatment and posttreatment, respectively; p = 0.03). In conclusion, even though a causal effect of @entity3 on @entity8 was not clearly demonstrated in @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity5 treatment is beneficial, especially in @entity0 with increased baseline @entity8 levels and LMW apo(a) isoforms.

title: Lipoprotein (a) levels and apolipoprotein (a) isoform size in @entity0 with @entity4 : effect of treatment with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The increased risk for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been partly attributed to @entity6 . There is limited information on the effect of @entity4 on lipoprotein (a) [ @entity8 ], which is considered a significant predictor of @entity2 . Serum @entity8 levels are predominantly regulated by apolipoprotein [apo(a)] gene polymorphisms. The aim of our study was to evaluate the @entity8 levels and apo(a) phenotypes in @entity0 with @entity4 compared to healthy controls as well as the influence of @entity5 substitution therapy on @entity8 values in relation to the apo(a) isoform size. @entity8 levels were measured in 69 @entity0 with @entity4 before and after restoration of a euthyroid state and in 83 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Apo(a) isoform size was determined by @entity7 ( @entity1 ) agarose gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting and development via chemiluminescence. @entity0 with @entity4 exhibited increased @entity8 levels compared to controls (median value 10.6 mg/dL vs. 6.0 mg/dL, p = 0.003]), but this was not because of differences in the frequencies of apo(a) phenotypes. There was no association between thyrotropin (TSH) and @entity8 levels in @entity0 with @entity4 . In subjects with either low (LMW; 25 @entity0 and 28 controls) or high (HMW; 44 @entity0 and 55 controls) molecular weight apo(a) isoforms, @entity8 concentrations were higher in @entity0 than in the control group (median values 26.9 mg/dL vs. 21.8 mg/dL, p = 0.02 for LMW, and 6.0 mg/dL versus 3.3 mg/dL, p < 0.001 for HMW). @entity5 treatment resulted in an overall reduction of @entity8 levels (10.6 mg/dL baseline vs. 8.9 mg/dL posttreatment, p = 0.008]). This effect was mainly evident in @entity0 with LMW apo(a) isoforms associated with high baseline @entity8 concentrations (median values 26.9 mg/dL vs. 23.2 mg/dL pretreatment and posttreatment, respectively; p = 0.03). In conclusion, even though a causal effect of @entity3 on @entity8 was not clearly demonstrated in @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity5 treatment is beneficial, especially in @entity0 with increased baseline @entity8 levels and LMW apo(a) isoforms.

title: Lipoprotein (a) levels and apolipoprotein (a) isoform size in XXXX with @entity4 : effect of treatment with @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Until recently, chromosomal translocations and fusion genes have been an underappreciated class of mutations in solid @entity1 . Next-generation sequencing technologies provide an opportunity for systematic characterization of @entity1 cell transcriptomes, including the discovery of expressed fusion genes resulting from underlying genomic rearrangements. RESULTS: We applied paired-end RNA-seq to identify 24 novel and 3 previously known fusion genes in @entity0 cells. Supported by an improved bioinformatic approach, we had a 95% success rate of validating gene fusions initially detected by RNA-seq. Fusion partner genes were found to contribute promoters (5' UTR), coding sequences and 3' UTRs. Most fusion genes were associated with copy number transitions and were particularly common in high-level DNA amplifications. This suggests that fusion events may contribute to the selective advantage provided by DNA amplifications and deletions. Some of the fusion partner genes, such as @entity3 in the @entity6 - @entity3 fusion and @entity5 in the @entity4 - @entity5 fusion, were only detected as a fusion transcript, indicating activation of a dormant gene by the fusion event. A number of fusion gene partners have either been previously observed in oncogenic gene fusions, mostly in @entity2 , or otherwise reported to be oncogenic. RNA interference-mediated knock-down of the @entity4 - @entity5 fusion gene indicated that it may be necessary for @entity1 cell growth and survival. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, using RNA-sequencing and improved bioinformatic stratification, we have discovered a number of novel fusion genes in @entity0 , and identified @entity4 - @entity5 as a potential fusion gene with importance for the growth and survival of @entity0 cells.

title: Identification of fusion genes in XXXX by paired-end RNA-sequencing.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine response of @entity2 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) symptoms to @entity3 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: An aggregated analysis was conducted in 90 @entity0 with @entity2 who received the same dose regimen of @entity4 in three independent, placebo-controlled studies. Active drug and placebo were given from 2 to 4 weeks each. Outcome measures included teacher and parent ratings on standardized behavior scales (mean n = 84), performance on computer-controlled cognitive-motor tests (n = 62), and measures of cardiovascular response (n = 85). RESULTS: Both teachers and parents rated the @entity0 consistently as being improved on subscales assessing attention, overactivity, and conduct problems. Some 44% of the subjects showed at least a 30% reduction compared with placebo on teacher ratings. @entity4 improved accuracy on several cognitive tests, response speed was increased on some, and seat activity declined for one of three tests; heart rate was mildly increased (3.9 beats/minute) with @entity4 . Analyses of IQ and mental age as moderator variables suggested that lower functional level (especially lower IQ) may be associated with a less favorable response to @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 clearly respond to @entity4 , but their rate of beneficial response appears to be well under that of normal-IQ @entity0 and more varied. Different attentional mechanisms may moderate response to psychostimulants.

title: XXXX treatment in @entity0 with borderline IQ and mental retardation: analysis of three aggregated studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine response of @entity2 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) symptoms to @entity3 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: An aggregated analysis was conducted in 90 @entity0 with @entity2 who received the same dose regimen of @entity4 in three independent, placebo-controlled studies. Active drug and placebo were given from 2 to 4 weeks each. Outcome measures included teacher and parent ratings on standardized behavior scales (mean n = 84), performance on computer-controlled cognitive-motor tests (n = 62), and measures of cardiovascular response (n = 85). RESULTS: Both teachers and parents rated the @entity0 consistently as being improved on subscales assessing attention, overactivity, and conduct problems. Some 44% of the subjects showed at least a 30% reduction compared with placebo on teacher ratings. @entity4 improved accuracy on several cognitive tests, response speed was increased on some, and seat activity declined for one of three tests; heart rate was mildly increased (3.9 beats/minute) with @entity4 . Analyses of IQ and mental age as moderator variables suggested that lower functional level (especially lower IQ) may be associated with a less favorable response to @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 clearly respond to @entity4 , but their rate of beneficial response appears to be well under that of normal-IQ @entity0 and more varied. Different attentional mechanisms may moderate response to psychostimulants.

title: @entity3 treatment in XXXX with borderline IQ and mental retardation: analysis of three aggregated studies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is defined as @entity2 initiated or caused by a @entity1 or dysfunction in the nervous system. Some examples of this condition are phantom limb @entity2 , @entity2 and complex regional @entity2 (reflex sympathetic dystrophy) and type II ( @entity7 ). Treatment options include drugs, physical treatments, surgery and psychological interventions. The concept that many @entity0 , particularly @entity6 and @entity7 are "sympathetically maintained @entity2 " has historically led to attempts to temporarily or permanently interrupt the sympathetic nervous system. Chemical sympathectomies use @entity3 or @entity5 injections to destroy the sympathetic chain, but this effect is temporary until regeneration of the sympathetic chain occurs. Surgical ablation can be performed by open removal or electrocoagulation of the sympathetic chain, or minimally invasive procedures using stereotactic thermal or laser interruption. OBJECTIVES: The review aimed to assess the effects of both chemical and surgical sympathectomy for @entity0 . Secondary objectives were to compare the effects of sympathectomy with no treatment, placebo or conventional treatment, and to evaluate whether the technique of sympathectomy influences the outcomes of the procedure. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE up to February 2003 and the latest issue of the Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2003). We screened references in the retrieved articles, literature reviews and book chapters. We also contacted experts in the field of @entity0 . SELECTION CRITERIA: Clinical trials and observational studies assessing the effects of sympathectomy (surgical or chemical) for @entity0 of both central or peripheral origin were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers applied the selection criteria to titles and abstracts. Full articles of potentially eligible trials were obtained and the same reviewers applied the inclusion criteria to the studies. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated. The studies were also evaluated for clinical relevance according to a classification developed by our group. Statistical pooling was not possible due to heterogeneity of data; instead a narrative description of each included study was performed. MAIN RESULTS: We included four studies. One randomized trial comparing radiofrequency sympatholysis with @entity5 sympathectomy was rated as low methodological quality and it showed that radiofrequency sympatholysis does not offer advantage over @entity5 techniques. However, a modified technique produced sympatholysis comparable to that produced by 6% @entity5 , with less incidence of @entity0 . REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: The practice of surgical and chemical sympathectomy is based on poor quality evidence, uncontrolled studies and personal experience. Furthermore, complications of the procedure may be significant, in terms of both worsening the @entity2 or producing a new @entity2 ; and abnormal forms of sweating (compensatory @entity4 and pathological @entity8 ). Therefore, more clinical trials of sympathectomy are required to establish the overall effectiveness and potential risks of this procedure.

title: Sympathectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Since 1980 we have used T  bingen middle ear implants of @entity1 in some reconstructions of the ossicular chain. So far such implants have been inserted in 129 operations on 106 @entity0 . Follow-up examinations have been performed on 108 ears (91 @entity0 ). Post-operative observation periods have varied from 6 to 46 months, with an average duration of 22 months. In the last two years, since observing the first extrusions and imminent extrusions of implants, we have begun inserting a small autologous cartilage-perichondrium disk between implant and eardrum. Follow-up examinations have shown that insertion of cartilage lowers the rates of extrusion and imminent extrusion. It should be noted, however, that the average observation period for implants with cartilage has been somewhat shorter than for those without cartilage. Good audiometric results have been obtained with @entity2 -ceramic implants. Moreover, insertion of a cartilage-perichondrium disk demonstrably contributes to an improvement of audiometric results. As our clinical study shows, an @entity2 -ceramic implant is quite suitable for reconstructive surgery of the ossicular chain when an alloplastic implant is needed. At the same time we strongly advise insertion of a cartilage-perichondrium disk between the eardrum and the implant.

title: [ XXXX ceramic implants (T  bigen type) in middle ear surgery. Report of clinical experiences].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of acupuncture for @entity2 during labour. DESIGN: Double-blind study of manual, electro and sham acupuncture, and single-blind study comparing acupuncture with a control group for @entity2 for labour induction. SETTING: A major obstetric unit in the UK. POPULATION: A cohort of 105 nulliparae undergoing labour induction at term. METHODS: Twenty-three subjects needed to be randomised to each group to have an 80% power of detecting a 50% relative reduction in epidural rate with an alpha value of 0.05. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was the rate of intrapartum epidural @entity2 , and the secondary end points were parenteral @entity2 requirement, labour length, delivery mode, neonatal condition and postpartum @entity1 . RESULTS: There was no difference in epidural @entity2 between acupuncture and sham acupuncture, relative risk 1.18 (95% CI 0.8-1.74), or between acupuncture and control, relative risk 0.88 (95% CI 0.66-1.19). There were no significant differences in the secondary end points between the acupuncture groups and the control group. Side effects or complications of acupuncture were not identified. CONCLUSIONS: Using the protocols studied, there was no analgesic benefit with acupuncture for @entity0 relief during induced labour in nulliparae.

title: Acupuncture for XXXX relief during induced labour in nulliparae: a randomised controlled study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Raynaud?s phenomenon ( @entity6 ) and cutaneous @entity1 are the distinctive manifestations of @entity5 , in which @entity4 plays a fundamental pathogenetic role. Bosentan, an @entity4 receptor antagonist used for the treatment of @entity2 , retards the beginning of new @entity3 (DU). This open-label, observational, retrospective study verified the effect of @entity8 on @entity6 and skin @entity1 in sclerodermic outpatients affected by @entity2 without DU. Fourteen subjects (13 @entity0 , 1 @entity0 ; mean age 60    7.5 years; ten with limited and four with @entity7 ) were observed at baseline (T0) and after four (T1), twelve (T2), twenty-four (T3) and forty-eight (T4) weeks during treatment with Bosentan. They were evaluated for daily quantity and duration of @entity6 attacks and skin thickness (using modified Rodnan total skin score, @entity9 ). Videocapillaroscopic evaluation was performed at T0 and T4. Bosentan decreased significantly the number and duration of @entity6 attacks, beginning at T2 (p<0.05). Videocapillaroscopy showed significant improvement of microcirculatory patterns at T4 (p<0.05). @entity9 decreased throughout the study, reaching the statistical significance at T3 and T4 (p<0.01) in the whole cohort. The present data suggest that Bosentan is effective in stabilizing the microcirculation involvement and in improving skin @entity1 irrespective of @entity5 patterns.

title: Bosentan treatment for Raynauds phenomenon and skin XXXX in @entity0 with Systemic Sclerosis and @entity2 : an open-label, observational, retrospective study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Raynaud?s phenomenon ( @entity6 ) and cutaneous @entity1 are the distinctive manifestations of @entity5 , in which @entity4 plays a fundamental pathogenetic role. Bosentan, an @entity4 receptor antagonist used for the treatment of @entity2 , retards the beginning of new @entity3 (DU). This open-label, observational, retrospective study verified the effect of @entity8 on @entity6 and skin @entity1 in sclerodermic outpatients affected by @entity2 without DU. Fourteen subjects (13 @entity0 , 1 @entity0 ; mean age 60    7.5 years; ten with limited and four with @entity7 ) were observed at baseline (T0) and after four (T1), twelve (T2), twenty-four (T3) and forty-eight (T4) weeks during treatment with Bosentan. They were evaluated for daily quantity and duration of @entity6 attacks and skin thickness (using modified Rodnan total skin score, @entity9 ). Videocapillaroscopic evaluation was performed at T0 and T4. Bosentan decreased significantly the number and duration of @entity6 attacks, beginning at T2 (p<0.05). Videocapillaroscopy showed significant improvement of microcirculatory patterns at T4 (p<0.05). @entity9 decreased throughout the study, reaching the statistical significance at T3 and T4 (p<0.01) in the whole cohort. The present data suggest that Bosentan is effective in stabilizing the microcirculation involvement and in improving skin @entity1 irrespective of @entity5 patterns.

title: Bosentan treatment for Raynauds phenomenon and skin @entity1 in @entity0 with Systemic Sclerosis and XXXX : an open-label, observational, retrospective study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Raynaud?s phenomenon ( @entity6 ) and cutaneous @entity1 are the distinctive manifestations of @entity5 , in which @entity4 plays a fundamental pathogenetic role. Bosentan, an @entity4 receptor antagonist used for the treatment of @entity2 , retards the beginning of new @entity3 (DU). This open-label, observational, retrospective study verified the effect of @entity8 on @entity6 and skin @entity1 in sclerodermic outpatients affected by @entity2 without DU. Fourteen subjects (13 @entity0 , 1 @entity0 ; mean age 60    7.5 years; ten with limited and four with @entity7 ) were observed at baseline (T0) and after four (T1), twelve (T2), twenty-four (T3) and forty-eight (T4) weeks during treatment with Bosentan. They were evaluated for daily quantity and duration of @entity6 attacks and skin thickness (using modified Rodnan total skin score, @entity9 ). Videocapillaroscopic evaluation was performed at T0 and T4. Bosentan decreased significantly the number and duration of @entity6 attacks, beginning at T2 (p<0.05). Videocapillaroscopy showed significant improvement of microcirculatory patterns at T4 (p<0.05). @entity9 decreased throughout the study, reaching the statistical significance at T3 and T4 (p<0.01) in the whole cohort. The present data suggest that Bosentan is effective in stabilizing the microcirculation involvement and in improving skin @entity1 irrespective of @entity5 patterns.

title: Bosentan treatment for Raynauds phenomenon and skin @entity1 in XXXX with Systemic Sclerosis and @entity2 : an open-label, observational, retrospective study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Melanin is a recognized virulence factor in @entity0 ; several pathogenetic mechanisms have been suggested. We studied melanin as an antifungal resistance factor. The growth of laccase-active strains of @entity0 and C. albidus in @entity3 resulted in the production of black pigment. The formal minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of @entity1 and @entity2 were not changed by melanization. However, when we examined those wells which contained inhibited cells, we found live cells only in wells containing melanized @entity0 . In contrast, melanization did not protect C. albidus from killing by @entity1 . In an @entity1 time-kill study of @entity0 , significantly more melanized cells than non-melanized survived for the first few hours. Fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analyses showed that fewer melanized cells were stained with the fluorescent dye MitoRed. Incubation of MitoRed (the model) or @entity1 with @entity4 extracted from @entity0 decreased the free concentrations of these substances. @entity2 , in contrast, was not removed from solution by melanin. This suggests that neoformans cryptococcal melanin deposited @entity1 in the cell wall binds, reducing its effective concentrations.

title: Effects of melanin upon susceptibility of XXXX to antifungals.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To describe the ultrastructural changes that occur in @entity3 as a result of ageing. METHODOLOGY: Thirty samples of healthy dental pulps were obtained from functional @entity0 permanent teeth. Two age groups were examined: young (10-17 years) and old (>60 years). The teeth were extracted under local anaesthesia using @entity4 without @entity2 (Scandonest 3%, Septodont, Saint-Maur des Foss  s, France) and split longitudinally in a bench press. The pulps were gently removed, immersed in fixative solution, sectioned and processed by conventional transmission electron microscopic techniques. Micrographs were taken from the endothelium, and the whole capillary area of each vessel was examined. RESULTS: In young pulps, the endothelial cell layer was characterized by the presence of numerous pinocytotic vesicles and microvesicles, RER cisterns, free ribosomes, a small Golgi complex, centrioles, microtubules, microfilaments and mitochondria. In the endothelial cell cytoplasm of older pulpal vessels, pinocytotic vesicles and microvesicles, as well as microfilaments, were more numerous. In addition, lipid-like vacuoles, monogranular glycogen granules and extensive Golgi complexes with dilated cisterns were also present. @entity1 were observed in both age groups without showing variations related with age. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in capillaries of aged pulpal tissue suggest that the endothelium experiences morphological changes that could be associated with advancing age.

title: Age-related changes in blood capillary endothelium of XXXX dental pulp: an ultrastructural study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In an open, non-comparative study 40 @entity0 with severe, often life-threatening @entity3 , were treated with @entity13 5.2 g (5 g @entity12 plus 200 mg @entity8 ) by iv infusion every 6 or 8 h. They were suffering from @entity5 (9), obstructed UTI (8), @entity4 (10), @entity10 (6), infected burns (4) or @entity14 (3). Many @entity0 had important aggravating factors such as renal transplantation, peritoneal or haemodialysis, @entity11 , extensive burns, @entity9 , tracheostomy and @entity1 . Pathogens included @entity7 (21), @entity6 (7), and other Enterobacteriaceae (6). Twenty-four pathogens (13 @entity7 ) were @entity12 -resistant. Thirty-six @entity0 were clinically cured including all cases of @entity14 , @entity3 . Three @entity0 improved and one @entity0 with obstructed @entity4 failed. In 32 @entity0 the pathogen was eradicated, in one @entity0 it persisted and in seven it reappeared. In particular, 11 of 13 @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity12 -resistant @entity7 were cured and two improved. There was, however, bacteriological relapse in five. There were no side-effects or evidence of @entity2 in any of the @entity0 . In an in-vitro study a synergistic effect between @entity12 and @entity8 was noted against Enterobacteriaceae but only a slight synergistic effect against @entity7 . Studies in @entity0 with normal liver and kidney function showed pharmacokinetic compatibility of the two agents. @entity13 can be recommended for the initial treatment of serious @entity3 .

title: XXXX and @entity8 in serious @entity3 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: In an open, non-comparative study 40 @entity0 with severe, often life-threatening @entity3 , were treated with @entity13 5.2 g (5 g @entity12 plus 200 mg @entity8 ) by iv infusion every 6 or 8 h. They were suffering from @entity5 (9), obstructed UTI (8), @entity4 (10), @entity10 (6), infected burns (4) or @entity14 (3). Many @entity0 had important aggravating factors such as renal transplantation, peritoneal or haemodialysis, @entity11 , extensive burns, @entity9 , tracheostomy and @entity1 . Pathogens included @entity7 (21), @entity6 (7), and other Enterobacteriaceae (6). Twenty-four pathogens (13 @entity7 ) were @entity12 -resistant. Thirty-six @entity0 were clinically cured including all cases of @entity14 , @entity3 . Three @entity0 improved and one @entity0 with obstructed @entity4 failed. In 32 @entity0 the pathogen was eradicated, in one @entity0 it persisted and in seven it reappeared. In particular, 11 of 13 @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity12 -resistant @entity7 were cured and two improved. There was, however, bacteriological relapse in five. There were no side-effects or evidence of @entity2 in any of the @entity0 . In an in-vitro study a synergistic effect between @entity12 and @entity8 was noted against Enterobacteriaceae but only a slight synergistic effect against @entity7 . Studies in @entity0 with normal liver and kidney function showed pharmacokinetic compatibility of the two agents. @entity13 can be recommended for the initial treatment of serious @entity3 .

title: @entity12 and XXXX in serious @entity3 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: In an open, non-comparative study 40 @entity0 with severe, often life-threatening @entity3 , were treated with @entity13 5.2 g (5 g @entity12 plus 200 mg @entity8 ) by iv infusion every 6 or 8 h. They were suffering from @entity5 (9), obstructed UTI (8), @entity4 (10), @entity10 (6), infected burns (4) or @entity14 (3). Many @entity0 had important aggravating factors such as renal transplantation, peritoneal or haemodialysis, @entity11 , extensive burns, @entity9 , tracheostomy and @entity1 . Pathogens included @entity7 (21), @entity6 (7), and other Enterobacteriaceae (6). Twenty-four pathogens (13 @entity7 ) were @entity12 -resistant. Thirty-six @entity0 were clinically cured including all cases of @entity14 , @entity3 . Three @entity0 improved and one @entity0 with obstructed @entity4 failed. In 32 @entity0 the pathogen was eradicated, in one @entity0 it persisted and in seven it reappeared. In particular, 11 of 13 @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity12 -resistant @entity7 were cured and two improved. There was, however, bacteriological relapse in five. There were no side-effects or evidence of @entity2 in any of the @entity0 . In an in-vitro study a synergistic effect between @entity12 and @entity8 was noted against Enterobacteriaceae but only a slight synergistic effect against @entity7 . Studies in @entity0 with normal liver and kidney function showed pharmacokinetic compatibility of the two agents. @entity13 can be recommended for the initial treatment of serious @entity3 .

title: @entity12 and @entity8 in serious XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bos d 2, a major @entity3 allergen of the lipocalin family, stimulates very weakly @entity3 dust-asthmatic subjects' peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the spleen cells of several inbred @entity0 strains immunized with the allergen. OBJECTIVE: To identify the immune mechanisms accounting for the weak stimulatory capacity of Bos d 2. METHODS: The spleen cell responses of BALB/c @entity0 immunized with the allergen and with hen egg lysozyme and @entity2 toxoid as control antigens were examined using several in vitro methods. RESULTS: Analysis of the numbers of spleen cells in the antigen-stimulated in vitro cultures with the vital dye @entity6 showed that Bos d 2 induced a smaller expansion of cells in comparison with the control antigens. Increased cell death in vitro did not account for the weak response against Bos d 2. The number of spleen cells reacting against Bos d 2 also proved to be the lowest when they were analysed by labelling the stimulated cells with @entity7 or by enumerating cytokine-secreting cells by ELISPOT. Eliminating CD8+ cells in the in vitro culture did not enhance the response against Bos d 2. Bos d 2 was also the weakest of the antigens to stimulate the production of soluble cytokines. Adding @entity5 , @entity1 or antibody against TGF-beta in the antigen-stimulated spleen cell cultures enhanced the proliferative responses against all the antigens, whereas adding IL-12 or antibody against @entity1 or @entity4 did not enhance the responses. CONCLUSION: The results exclude several mechanisms of peripheral tolerance as an explanation for the poor immune response against Bos d 2, and suggest that the allergen is recognized by a low number of specific T cells. The weak immunogenicity of Bos d 2 may be related to its allergenicity.

title: Probing the mechanisms of low immunogenicity of a lipocalin allergen, Bos d 2, in a XXXX model.

answer: @entity0