abstract: The natural history of stinging insect @entity2 and its modification by venom immunotherapy was investigated by follow-up observations of @entity0 with histories of venom anaphylaxis and detectable venom-specific IgE. The @entity0 were divided into three categories: (1) receiving venom immunotherapy, (2) declined venom immunotherapy, and (3) terminated venom immunotherapy. One hundred twenty-seven @entity0 were evaluated after 6 mo to 9 yr of venom immunotherapy. Most received top venom doses of 50 micrograms of yellow jacket and/or @entity4 venoms every 4 wk. There were 87 restings in 48 @entity0 resulting in two systemic reactions, only one of which could be considered a treatment failure (1%). Fifty-six @entity0 never received venom immunotherapy. In this group there were 40 restings in 28 @entity0 with 14 systemic reactions (35%). In 88 @entity0 who stopped venom immunotherapy, 61 restings in 41 @entity0 led to 11 systemic reactions (17%). @entity0 with cardiovascular/or respiratory symptoms with @entity3 were at risk for subsequent reactions. With one exception, @entity0 with hives and @entity1 only as the initial reaction either had a similar or no reaction when they were restung. These results confirm the efficacy of venom immunotherapy but also suggest that there are factors other than the presence of venom-specific IgE modulating the occurrence of clinical anaphylaxis.

title: Stinging insect XXXX : natural history and modification with venom immunotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have previously shown that regulatory T cells (Treg) accumulate dramatically in aged animals and negatively impact the ability to control persistent @entity1 . However, the mechanisms underlying the age-dependent accrual of Treg remain unclear. In this study, we show that Treg accumulation with age is progressive and likely not the result of increased thymic output, increased peripheral proliferation, or from enhanced peripheral conversion. Instead, we found that Treg from aged @entity0 are more resistant to apoptosis than Treg from young @entity0 . Although Treg from aged @entity0 had increased expression of functional @entity4 , we found that @entity4 signaling was not required for maintenance of Treg in vivo. Notably, aged Treg exhibit decreased expression of the proapoptotic molecule @entity5 compared with Treg from young @entity0 . Furthermore, in the absence of @entity5 , Treg accumulate rapidly, accounting for >25% of the @entity2 (+) T cell compartment by 6 mo of age. Additionally, accumulation of Treg in @entity5 -deficient @entity0 occurred after the cells left the transitional recent thymic emigrant compartment. Mechanistically, we show that @entity3 drives preferential proliferation and accumulation of @entity5 (lo) Treg. Collectively, our data suggest that chronic stimulation by @entity3 leads to preferential expansion of Treg having low expression of @entity5 , which favors their survival and accumulation in aged hosts.

title: A major role for XXXX in regulatory T cell homeostasis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Although the vast majority of peptic @entity3 are widely considered as related to the germ @entity4 , @entity3 exhibiting absence of this @entity2 are increasingly seen in recent years. This fact has been partly related to a decreased prevalence of @entity4 among the population, a consequence of improved hygiene and housing conditions. Causes in relation to @entity4 -negative @entity3 are: 1. Falsely negative @entity2 diagnostic tests. They represent 25% of @entity3 considered as @entity4 -negative in health-care practice (falsely negative diagnostic test 5%, previous or concomitant therapy with antibiotics, @entity5 or proton pump inhibitors 20%). 2. @entity1 (ASA) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy. This is no doubt the most common cause, representing 50 to 60% of all @entity3 . 3. Other causes ( @entity7 , @entity4 heilmannii, generalised gut disease such as @entity0 , @entity6 , @entity9 , etc.) may be responsible for less than 5% of all @entity4 -negative @entity3 . 4. " @entity8 . Thus are considered @entity3 for which no potential cause may be found, representing 5-15% of all @entity3 . Acid hyper-secretion is probably an important factor in them.

title: XXXX -negative peptic ulcer. What is its aetiopathogenesis and treatment?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antimalarial drug resistance has been a major contributor to the failure of the battle against @entity1 in many developing countries. The @entity3 genes, pfcrt and pfmdr-1, have been implicated in @entity2 resistance. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of mutant alleles of these @entity2 resistance genes among isolates of @entity3 from @entity0 presenting with severe @entity1 in Ghana. METHODS: Venous blood samples were taken from @entity0 , and plasma @entity2 levels measured. @entity3 chromosomal DNA was isolated from the blood samples, and subjected to PCR, restriction digestion and sequencing. Resulting data were analysed using the STATA statistical software. RESULTS: Of 140 @entity0 recruited into the study, 109 (77.9%) had detectable pre-treatment @entity2 levels. PCR and restriction digestion analysis of the pfcrt gene indicated that 124 (88.6%) had the mutant T76 gene, and that this correlated with higher @entity2 levels. Sequence analysis of these showed consistent genetic sequences for @entity2 resistant and sensitive parasites with respect to Pfcrt codons 72 through 76.The Pfcrt T76 mutation was found in 88.4% of isolates having the Pfmdr-1Y86 mutation. The Pfmdr-1 Y86 mutation was found in 67.6% of isolates having the Pfcrt T76 mutation. CONCLUSION: The study affirms Pfcrt as a better @entity2 resistance marker. Both mutations are independently selected by @entity2 levels and that one mutation (Y86) might modify/increase the effect of the other (T76). This study also depicts the much-overlooked antimalarial drug resistance situation in the area and emphasizes the need for a proper treatment strategy.

title: Resistance-mediating polymorphisms of XXXX among isolates from @entity0 with severe @entity1 in kumasi, ghana.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antimalarial drug resistance has been a major contributor to the failure of the battle against @entity1 in many developing countries. The @entity3 genes, pfcrt and pfmdr-1, have been implicated in @entity2 resistance. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of mutant alleles of these @entity2 resistance genes among isolates of @entity3 from @entity0 presenting with severe @entity1 in Ghana. METHODS: Venous blood samples were taken from @entity0 , and plasma @entity2 levels measured. @entity3 chromosomal DNA was isolated from the blood samples, and subjected to PCR, restriction digestion and sequencing. Resulting data were analysed using the STATA statistical software. RESULTS: Of 140 @entity0 recruited into the study, 109 (77.9%) had detectable pre-treatment @entity2 levels. PCR and restriction digestion analysis of the pfcrt gene indicated that 124 (88.6%) had the mutant T76 gene, and that this correlated with higher @entity2 levels. Sequence analysis of these showed consistent genetic sequences for @entity2 resistant and sensitive parasites with respect to Pfcrt codons 72 through 76.The Pfcrt T76 mutation was found in 88.4% of isolates having the Pfmdr-1Y86 mutation. The Pfmdr-1 Y86 mutation was found in 67.6% of isolates having the Pfcrt T76 mutation. CONCLUSION: The study affirms Pfcrt as a better @entity2 resistance marker. Both mutations are independently selected by @entity2 levels and that one mutation (Y86) might modify/increase the effect of the other (T76). This study also depicts the much-overlooked antimalarial drug resistance situation in the area and emphasizes the need for a proper treatment strategy.

title: Resistance-mediating polymorphisms of @entity3 among isolates from @entity0 with severe XXXX in kumasi, ghana.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antimalarial drug resistance has been a major contributor to the failure of the battle against @entity1 in many developing countries. The @entity3 genes, pfcrt and pfmdr-1, have been implicated in @entity2 resistance. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of mutant alleles of these @entity2 resistance genes among isolates of @entity3 from @entity0 presenting with severe @entity1 in Ghana. METHODS: Venous blood samples were taken from @entity0 , and plasma @entity2 levels measured. @entity3 chromosomal DNA was isolated from the blood samples, and subjected to PCR, restriction digestion and sequencing. Resulting data were analysed using the STATA statistical software. RESULTS: Of 140 @entity0 recruited into the study, 109 (77.9%) had detectable pre-treatment @entity2 levels. PCR and restriction digestion analysis of the pfcrt gene indicated that 124 (88.6%) had the mutant T76 gene, and that this correlated with higher @entity2 levels. Sequence analysis of these showed consistent genetic sequences for @entity2 resistant and sensitive parasites with respect to Pfcrt codons 72 through 76.The Pfcrt T76 mutation was found in 88.4% of isolates having the Pfmdr-1Y86 mutation. The Pfmdr-1 Y86 mutation was found in 67.6% of isolates having the Pfcrt T76 mutation. CONCLUSION: The study affirms Pfcrt as a better @entity2 resistance marker. Both mutations are independently selected by @entity2 levels and that one mutation (Y86) might modify/increase the effect of the other (T76). This study also depicts the much-overlooked antimalarial drug resistance situation in the area and emphasizes the need for a proper treatment strategy.

title: Resistance-mediating polymorphisms of @entity3 among isolates from XXXX with severe @entity1 in kumasi, ghana.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Maternal microchimerism (MMc) results from transfer of maternal cells to the fetus in pregnancy. These cells have been shown to persist into adulthood in healthy individuals and an increased frequency of MMc has been associated with @entity2 . Female (presumed maternal) islet beta cells have recently been identified at higher levels in pancreas from a @entity0 with T1D compared to three controls. There was, however, no evidence that these cells were the targets of @entity2 . The aim of this study was to analyze well-characterized T1D pancreases encompassing a spectrum in age at diagnosis, and duration of @entity1 , for the presence of maternal microchimerism compared to control pancreases.Pancreas samples were available from six males with T1D and four male controls. Fluorescent-labeled probes were used to detect X and Y chromosomes. At least 1,000 cells, usually 4,000-8,000 cells underwent confocal imaging for each pancreas. The frequency of MMc was higher in T1D pancreases (range 0.31-0.80%, mean 0.58%) than in controls (0.24-0.50%, mean 0.38%) (p = 0.05). Intriguingly, clusters of 2-3 MMc were occasionally found in the pancreases, particularly T1D pancreases, suggesting replication of these cells. Concomitant FISH and immunofluorescence staining for insulin or @entity3 was performed to phenotype cells of maternal origin. Insulin positive and insulin negative MMc were identified indicating that MMc contribute to the exocrine and endocrine compartments. No @entity3 positive MMc were observed. These data confirm the presence of maternal cells in @entity0 pancreas and support previous observations that levels of MMc are higher in T1D pancreas compared to controls. MMc do not appear to be immune effector cells and those that stain positive for insulin within intact islets in T1D tissue appear healthy with no evidence that they are the focus of immune attack. This study adds support to the hypothesis that maternal stem cells have the capacity to cross the placental barrier and differentiate into both endocrine and exocrine cells but more detailed characterization of MMc in the pancreas is required.

title: Why are levels of maternal microchimerism higher in type 1 XXXX pancreas?

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the long-term hearing results after a middle fossa approach for resection of @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. @entity0 : All @entity0 undergoing a middle fossa approach for resection of @entity3 at a single institution with intent to preserve hearing between December 1989 and December 2009 were included in the study population. INTERVENTIONS: Standard middle fossa approach for resection of @entity3 , magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and audiogram. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Recurrence of @entity1 as evaluated by MRI and hearing results as measured by serial audiograms. RESULTS: Seventy-eight @entity0 were identified who met study criteria. Fifty-one (65%) of the 78 @entity0 had usable hearing (American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery [AAO-HNS] class A or B) postoperatively. Forty-four @entity0 with successful hearing preservation had follow-up beyond their initial postoperative visit. Five (11%) of the 44 @entity0 showed late degradation to nonserviceable hearing (AAO-HNS class C or D) over a mean follow-up of 4.0 years. Kaplan-Meier estimate of preservation of class A or B hearing at 10 years was 72%. Of the five @entity0 with late degradation in hearing, 2 were found to have recurrences of their original @entity1 on MRI. There were 5 confirmed recurrences in the total study population. CONCLUSION: Late degradation of hearing was an infrequent occurrence after initially successful hearing preservation. When @entity2 did occur, there seemed to be a correlation with @entity1 recurrence.

title: Late failure rate of hearing preservation after middle fossa approach for resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The incidence of @entity1 -related @entity3 will increase substantially over the coming decades as the population ages globally. This has important economic and public health implications, contributing substantially to morbidity and excess mortality in this population. METHODS: When prescribing for older @entity0 the effectiveness profile of drugs needs to be balanced against their tolerability in individual @entity0 . RESULTS: Currently we have good anti- @entity3 data to support the use of many available anti-resorptive and anabolic drugs including @entity2 , @entity4 and recombinant @entity0 @entity6 . We also have evidence to demonstrate the importance of @entity5 and @entity7 repletion in these @entity0 . However, in recent years our understanding of normal bone physiology and the mechanisms underlying the development of @entity1 has significantly advanced and this has led to the development of new therapies. Novel agents, particularly denosumab, but also inhibitors of @entity8 and anabolic agents that act on Wnt signalling, will increase the therapeutic options for clinicians in the coming years. CONCLUSION: This review discusses the evidence supporting the use of currently available treatment options for @entity1 and potential future advances in drug therapy. Particular consideration should be given when prescribing for certain older @entity0 who have issues with compliance or tolerance and also in those with co-morbidities or levels of frailty that may restrict the choice of therapy. Understanding the evidence for the benefit and possible harm of @entity1 treatments is critical to appropriate management of this @entity0 population.

title: Current and future treatment options in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility and value of high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluation of @entity1 in @entity0 knee joint in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Thirty-six @entity0 were divided into three groups, each injected with different doses of ovalbumin (OVA) into the right knee joint. On week 1 and 4, 6 randomly selected in each group were killed. Each knee joint undergone the high-resolution ultrasound to measure capsule thickness and contrast-enhanced ultrasound to measure synovium thickness. The results from the ultrasound examinations were compared with those of pathologic examinations. Different OVA doses resulted in different modeling success rate, different pathological @entity1 score, and different capsule and synovium thickness measured by ultrasound. The diagnostic accuracy of @entity1 by ultrasound was high. The ultrasound measurement revealed that the capsule thickness on week 4 was lessened than that on week 1, while the synovial thickness on week 4 was greater than that on week 1. Both the joint capsule and synovium thickness measured by ultrasound were significantly and positively correlated to the pathologic @entity1 score (P  <  0.05). The synovial thickness on week 4 is more correlated to the @entity1 score than the capsule thickness, rather than that on week 1. Injection of OVA of different doses results in different modeling success rate and @entity1 severity. The high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used to determine whether the @entity2 was made successfully and evaluate the @entity1 severity. In chronic inflammatory phase, the contrast-enhanced ultrasound has better effect.

title: Antigen-induced XXXX in @entity0 : a comparative study between high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pathologic findings.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility and value of high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluation of @entity1 in @entity0 knee joint in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Thirty-six @entity0 were divided into three groups, each injected with different doses of ovalbumin (OVA) into the right knee joint. On week 1 and 4, 6 randomly selected in each group were killed. Each knee joint undergone the high-resolution ultrasound to measure capsule thickness and contrast-enhanced ultrasound to measure synovium thickness. The results from the ultrasound examinations were compared with those of pathologic examinations. Different OVA doses resulted in different modeling success rate, different pathological @entity1 score, and different capsule and synovium thickness measured by ultrasound. The diagnostic accuracy of @entity1 by ultrasound was high. The ultrasound measurement revealed that the capsule thickness on week 4 was lessened than that on week 1, while the synovial thickness on week 4 was greater than that on week 1. Both the joint capsule and synovium thickness measured by ultrasound were significantly and positively correlated to the pathologic @entity1 score (P  <  0.05). The synovial thickness on week 4 is more correlated to the @entity1 score than the capsule thickness, rather than that on week 1. Injection of OVA of different doses results in different modeling success rate and @entity1 severity. The high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used to determine whether the @entity2 was made successfully and evaluate the @entity1 severity. In chronic inflammatory phase, the contrast-enhanced ultrasound has better effect.

title: Antigen-induced @entity2 in XXXX : a comparative study between high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pathologic findings.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECT: The dosimetry of radiation exposure of healthy inner, middle, and external ear structures that leads to @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity6 , vertigo, and imbalance after gamma knife surgery (GKS) for @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is unknown. The authors quantified the dose of radiation received by these structures after GKS for VS to assess the likelihood that these doses contributed to postradiosurgery complications. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed using a prospectively acquired database of a consecutive series of 54 @entity0 with VS who were treated with GKS during a 3.5-year period at an "open unit" gamma knife center. Point doses were measured for 18 healthy temporal bone structures in each @entity0 , with the anatomical position of each sampling point confirmed by a fellowship-trained neurootologist. These values were compared against single-dose equivalents for the 5-year tolerance dose for a 5% risk of complications and the 5-year tolerance dose for a 50% risk of complications, which were calculated using known 2-Gy/fraction thresholds for chronic @entity8 , @entity7 , and osseous @entity2 , as well as the @entity1 margin dose and typical @entity1 margin prescription doses for @entity0 in whom hearing preservation was attempted. External and middle ear doses were uniformly low. The intratemporal facial nerve is susceptible to unintentionally high radiation exposure at the fundus of the internal auditory canal, with higher than @entity1 margin doses detected in 26% of cases. In the cochlea, the basal turn near the modiolus and its inferior portion are most susceptible, with doses greater than 12 Gy detected in 10.8 and 14.8% of cases. In the vestibular labyrinth, the ampulated ends of the lateral and posterior semicircular canals are most susceptible, with doses greater than 12 Gy detected in 7.4 and 5.1% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Doses delivered to middle and external ear structures are unlikely to contribute to post-GKS complications, but unexpectedly high doses may be delivered to sensitive areas of the intratemporal facial nerve and inner ear. Unintentional delivery of high doses to the stria vascularis, the sensory neuroepithelium of the inner ear organs and/or their ganglia, may play a role in the development of post-GKS @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity6 , vertigo, and imbalance. Minimizing treatment complications post-GKS for VS requires precise dose planning conformality with the three-dimensional surface of the @entity1 .

title: Radiation exposure of normal temporal bone structures during stereotactically guided gamma knife surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Morbidity management is a core component of the global programme for the elimination of @entity2 . In a double-blind clinical trial, the tolerability and efficacy of @entity4 (500 mg) + @entity3 (25 mg) or DEC (25 mg) alone, twice daily for 90 days, was studied in 26 @entity0 with @entity2 . RESULTS: None of the @entity0 in either drug group reported any adverse reaction throughout the treatment period (90 days). Haematological and biochemical parameters were within normal limits and there was no significant difference between the pre-treatment (day 0) and post-treatment (day 90) values. The group receiving @entity4 showed significant reduction in @entity1 volume from day 90 (140.6 PlusMinus; 18.8 ml) to day 360 (71.8 PlusMinus; 20.7 ml) compared to the pre-treatment (day 0, 198.4 PlusMinus; 16.5 ml) value. This accounted for a 63.8% reduction in @entity1 volume by day 360 (considering the pre-treatment (day 0) as 100%). In the DEC group, the changes in @entity1 volume (between day 1 and day 360) were not significant when compared to the pre-treatment (day 0) value. The percentage reduction at day 360 was only 9%, which was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study has shown that @entity4 (500 mg, twice a day for 90 days) is both safe and efficacious in reducing @entity1 volume in @entity2 . Further clinical trials are essential for strengthening the evidence base on the role of this drug in the morbidity management of @entity2 .

title: Some observations on the effect of @entity4 (micronized purified flavonoid fraction of Rutaceae aurantiae) in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Morbidity management is a core component of the global programme for the elimination of @entity2 . In a double-blind clinical trial, the tolerability and efficacy of @entity4 (500 mg) + @entity3 (25 mg) or DEC (25 mg) alone, twice daily for 90 days, was studied in 26 @entity0 with @entity2 . RESULTS: None of the @entity0 in either drug group reported any adverse reaction throughout the treatment period (90 days). Haematological and biochemical parameters were within normal limits and there was no significant difference between the pre-treatment (day 0) and post-treatment (day 90) values. The group receiving @entity4 showed significant reduction in @entity1 volume from day 90 (140.6 PlusMinus; 18.8 ml) to day 360 (71.8 PlusMinus; 20.7 ml) compared to the pre-treatment (day 0, 198.4 PlusMinus; 16.5 ml) value. This accounted for a 63.8% reduction in @entity1 volume by day 360 (considering the pre-treatment (day 0) as 100%). In the DEC group, the changes in @entity1 volume (between day 1 and day 360) were not significant when compared to the pre-treatment (day 0) value. The percentage reduction at day 360 was only 9%, which was not significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study has shown that @entity4 (500 mg, twice a day for 90 days) is both safe and efficacious in reducing @entity1 volume in @entity2 . Further clinical trials are essential for strengthening the evidence base on the role of this drug in the morbidity management of @entity2 .

title: Some observations on the effect of XXXX (micronized purified flavonoid fraction of Rutaceae aurantiae) in @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: RATIONALE: The high prevalence of smoking and low cessation rates among individuals with @entity2 and similar conditions are not well understood. Behavioral economics has been extensively applied to studying @entity1 and may contribute to understanding smoking in this subpopulation. OBJECTIVES: This study compared smokers with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and control smokers (CS) on indices of cigarette demand and delayed reward discounting, a behavioral economic index of impulsivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity3 (n=25) and CS (n=24) groups participated in two sessions approximately 1 week apart. During the first session, delay discounting was assessed using the Monetary Choice Questionnaire. During the second session, @entity0 smoked their usual brand ad libitum through a smoking topography assessment device, after which cigarette demand was assessed using a cigarette purchase task. Primary comparisons were of the hyperbolic discounting function, k, and indices of cigarette demand. RESULTS: Compared to the CS group, the @entity3 group exhibited significantly higher intensity of demand, and significantly greater consumption and expenditure across the inelastic portion of the demand curve, but no differences were evident on the other demand indices. No differences were evident for delay discounting. The @entity3 group also exhibited heavier smoking topography and two indices of smoking topography were significantly correlated with demand. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide further evidence of higher incentive value of cigarettes among @entity3 individuals, but not greater impulsivity, as measured by discounting. Considerations include potentially important methodological factors and the role of satiation/withdrawal.

title: Cigarette demand and delayed reward discounting in nicotine-dependent individuals with XXXX and controls: an initial study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This prospective cohort study sought to examine key biological measures linking @entity5 symptoms with @entity3 2 @entity1 , specifically @entity2 , @entity6 , and @entity9 . METHODS: A cohort of 688 @entity0 without @entity1 who were 35 years or older were followed up for 5 years. Venous @entity8 , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, endogenous total @entity4 , fasting @entity7 , and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were quantified at baseline and 5 years later. @entity5 symptoms were assessed using the Beck @entity5 Inventory-I, and @entity0 were categorized into persistent, remitted, incident, and nondepressed groups (reference). Logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios (ORs) for @entity1 adjusted for propensity score calculated from 18 established risk factors. RESULTS: @entity1 developed in 112 @entity0 (16.3% of sample). Persistent @entity5 symptoms were associated with @entity1 (adjusted OR = 2.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-5.20, p = .019). Baseline @entity4 (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.22-0.81, p = .01) and follow-up @entity4 (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.84, p = .008) were inversely associated with @entity3 2 @entity1 . Annualized HbA1c was positively associated with annualized change in cognitive Beck @entity5 Inventory symptoms (b = 0.14, p = .001) and inversely associated with annualized change in @entity4 (b = -0.10, p = .014). Annualized change in fasting @entity7 was associated with sE-selectin (b = 0.12, p < .001) and somatic @entity5 symptoms (b = -0.12, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that lower endogenous total @entity4 levels and persistent @entity5 symptoms were associated with @entity3 2 @entity1 risk and HbA1c in @entity0 over a 5-year period.

title: Elucidating the Biological Mechanisms Linking @entity5 Symptoms With Type 2 Diabetes in @entity0 : The Longitudinal Effects of Inflammation, Microvascular Dysfunction, and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This prospective cohort study sought to examine key biological measures linking @entity5 symptoms with @entity3 2 @entity1 , specifically @entity2 , @entity6 , and @entity9 . METHODS: A cohort of 688 @entity0 without @entity1 who were 35 years or older were followed up for 5 years. Venous @entity8 , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, endogenous total @entity4 , fasting @entity7 , and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were quantified at baseline and 5 years later. @entity5 symptoms were assessed using the Beck @entity5 Inventory-I, and @entity0 were categorized into persistent, remitted, incident, and nondepressed groups (reference). Logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios (ORs) for @entity1 adjusted for propensity score calculated from 18 established risk factors. RESULTS: @entity1 developed in 112 @entity0 (16.3% of sample). Persistent @entity5 symptoms were associated with @entity1 (adjusted OR = 2.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-5.20, p = .019). Baseline @entity4 (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.22-0.81, p = .01) and follow-up @entity4 (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.84, p = .008) were inversely associated with @entity3 2 @entity1 . Annualized HbA1c was positively associated with annualized change in cognitive Beck @entity5 Inventory symptoms (b = 0.14, p = .001) and inversely associated with annualized change in @entity4 (b = -0.10, p = .014). Annualized change in fasting @entity7 was associated with sE-selectin (b = 0.12, p < .001) and somatic @entity5 symptoms (b = -0.12, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that lower endogenous total @entity4 levels and persistent @entity5 symptoms were associated with @entity3 2 @entity1 risk and HbA1c in @entity0 over a 5-year period.

title: Elucidating the Biological Mechanisms Linking XXXX Symptoms With Type 2 Diabetes in @entity0 : The Longitudinal Effects of Inflammation, Microvascular Dysfunction, and @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This prospective cohort study sought to examine key biological measures linking @entity5 symptoms with @entity3 2 @entity1 , specifically @entity2 , @entity6 , and @entity9 . METHODS: A cohort of 688 @entity0 without @entity1 who were 35 years or older were followed up for 5 years. Venous @entity8 , high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, sE-selectin, endogenous total @entity4 , fasting @entity7 , and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were quantified at baseline and 5 years later. @entity5 symptoms were assessed using the Beck @entity5 Inventory-I, and @entity0 were categorized into persistent, remitted, incident, and nondepressed groups (reference). Logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios (ORs) for @entity1 adjusted for propensity score calculated from 18 established risk factors. RESULTS: @entity1 developed in 112 @entity0 (16.3% of sample). Persistent @entity5 symptoms were associated with @entity1 (adjusted OR = 2.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-5.20, p = .019). Baseline @entity4 (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.22-0.81, p = .01) and follow-up @entity4 (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.84, p = .008) were inversely associated with @entity3 2 @entity1 . Annualized HbA1c was positively associated with annualized change in cognitive Beck @entity5 Inventory symptoms (b = 0.14, p = .001) and inversely associated with annualized change in @entity4 (b = -0.10, p = .014). Annualized change in fasting @entity7 was associated with sE-selectin (b = 0.12, p < .001) and somatic @entity5 symptoms (b = -0.12, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that lower endogenous total @entity4 levels and persistent @entity5 symptoms were associated with @entity3 2 @entity1 risk and HbA1c in @entity0 over a 5-year period.

title: Elucidating the Biological Mechanisms Linking @entity5 Symptoms With Type 2 Diabetes in XXXX : The Longitudinal Effects of Inflammation, Microvascular Dysfunction, and @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity3 has been described in severe scorpion @entity4 , we wanted to analyze if it was applicable to viper bites in @entity0 . AIM: To describe clinical, biological, and therapeutic characteristics of 83 @entity0 bitten by European viper (Vipera spp.) and to confirm that @entity3 is a risk factor for high-grade @entity4 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted between 2001 and 2014 in the pediatric emergency department of a tertiary level @entity0 's hospital. Collected data were: age and sex of @entity0 ; day and time of admission; day, time and circumstances of the accident; snake identification; bite location; @entity4 severity; presence of fang marks; prehospital care; laboratory abnormalities, use of specific immunotherapy, associated treatments; length of stay; hospital course. RESULTS: Eighty-three @entity0 were included (62 @entity0 , 21 @entity0 ). The mean age was 7.4        3.9 years. Bites were most often located on the lower extremities (66%). The classification of @entity4 was: 83% low grade (absent or minor @entity4 ) and 17% high grade (moderate to severe @entity4 ). All high-grade envenomations received specific immunotherapy (Viperfav(TM), (Aventis Pasteur, MSD, Lyon, France). Being bitten on an upper extremity (odds ratio [OR] 51.1 95% class interval [CI] [6.1-424], p   <   0.0001), during the afternoon (OR 13.4 95% CI [1.7-107.9], p   =   0.015), feeling @entity1 (OR 4.2 95% CI [1.1-16.5], p   =   0.023), and high initial plasma @entity2 level (6.5        1.7   mmol/L versus 5.0        0.9   mmol/L, p   =   0.027) were associated with a significant risk of high-grade @entity4 . CONCLUSION: We have confirmed a potential link between initial @entity3 and the risk of progression to high-grade @entity4 as well as its association with other published predictive factors.

title: XXXX is a risk factor for high-grade envenomations after European viper bites (Vipera spp.) in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity3 has been described in severe scorpion @entity4 , we wanted to analyze if it was applicable to viper bites in @entity0 . AIM: To describe clinical, biological, and therapeutic characteristics of 83 @entity0 bitten by European viper (Vipera spp.) and to confirm that @entity3 is a risk factor for high-grade @entity4 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted between 2001 and 2014 in the pediatric emergency department of a tertiary level @entity0 's hospital. Collected data were: age and sex of @entity0 ; day and time of admission; day, time and circumstances of the accident; snake identification; bite location; @entity4 severity; presence of fang marks; prehospital care; laboratory abnormalities, use of specific immunotherapy, associated treatments; length of stay; hospital course. RESULTS: Eighty-three @entity0 were included (62 @entity0 , 21 @entity0 ). The mean age was 7.4        3.9 years. Bites were most often located on the lower extremities (66%). The classification of @entity4 was: 83% low grade (absent or minor @entity4 ) and 17% high grade (moderate to severe @entity4 ). All high-grade envenomations received specific immunotherapy (Viperfav(TM), (Aventis Pasteur, MSD, Lyon, France). Being bitten on an upper extremity (odds ratio [OR] 51.1 95% class interval [CI] [6.1-424], p   <   0.0001), during the afternoon (OR 13.4 95% CI [1.7-107.9], p   =   0.015), feeling @entity1 (OR 4.2 95% CI [1.1-16.5], p   =   0.023), and high initial plasma @entity2 level (6.5        1.7   mmol/L versus 5.0        0.9   mmol/L, p   =   0.027) were associated with a significant risk of high-grade @entity4 . CONCLUSION: We have confirmed a potential link between initial @entity3 and the risk of progression to high-grade @entity4 as well as its association with other published predictive factors.

title: @entity3 is a risk factor for high-grade envenomations after European viper bites (Vipera spp.) in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We report the case of a 62-year-old @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old Asian @entity0 presented with macroscopic @entity3 . A histological and immunohistochemical study of a @entity2 biopsy specimen led to a suspected diagnosis of @entity4 . She underwent surgical @entity2 resection that included her left kidney. A histological and immunohistochemical study of the resected @entity2 confirmed the diagnosis of @entity4 . The pathological stage was pT3bpN2, and multiple lung @entity1 were detected (pT3bpN2cM1; stage IV). Our @entity0 was classified as "poor risk" according to the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center risk criteria. Interferon-a was administered as adjuvant therapy, and her lung @entity1 remained stable. However, a computed tomography scan and bone scintigraphy 2 years later revealed multiple bone @entity1 . External beam radiotherapy was performed for the bone @entity1 . Despite continuing interferon-a during radiotherapy, multiple skull and liver @entity1 appeared. Oral administration of the @entity7 kinase inhibitor @entity8 was initiated as a second-line therapy, and our @entity0 achieved a stable state for 11 months. As the liver @entity1 progressed and meningeal dissemination newly appeared, oral administration of the @entity0 target of @entity6 inhibitor @entity5 was initiated as a third-line therapy. Our @entity0 remains alive 71 months after diagnosis and has maintained a comparatively good quality of life. CONCLUSION: A literature review revealed that metastatic @entity4 has very poor prognosis, with a survival of <1 year despite systemic therapy. Our @entity0 in this present case achieved long-term survival, a rare incidence worthy of report.

title: Long-term survival following multidisciplinary treatment of metastatic XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study clinical profile, risk factors and pattern of coronary artery involvement in females. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Female @entity0 undergoing coronary angiography at Apollo Hospitals, Chennai during 1996-1998 for angina were analysed for risk factors. RESULTS: Out of 5997 angiograms, 660 (11%) were females of which 574 (88%) post-menopausal. 48% had atypical @entity7 , 11% had @entity8 , 1% had acute @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Past history of @entity6 was present in 48%. Risks factors were @entity4 in 60%, @entity1 in 52%, @entity2 in 41%, @entity9 in 32%, family history in 36%. 71% @entity0 used oral contraceptive. None of the @entity0 were smoker, 34.8% pre-menopausal and 72.2% post-menopausal had @entity5 . @entity3 33% vs 22.1% two vessel disease 43.3 vs 31.2%. Triple vessel 22.3 vs 46.6% and diffuse disease 10% vs 38.7% was seen in pre-menopausal vs post-menopausal females, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Family history was the predominant risk factor in pre-menopausal and @entity1 and @entity4 in post-menopausal females. Diffuse and @entity3 were significantly common in post-menopausal females.

title: Profile of female XXXX undergoing coronary angiogram at a tertiary centre.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A previously healthy 2-year-old @entity0 was admitted with generalized @entity2 . She was in a stupor and could respond only to painful stimuli. She also had severe @entity4 . Although initial liver function tests were normal, they were found to be moderately high on the fifth day of admission; however, they dropped to their normal ranges on the twelfth day of admission. Initially, the @entity0 was diagnosed as having idiopathic @entity2 , and classic anticonvulsant agents, including @entity7 , @entity6 , and then @entity1 , were given. However, her @entity3 did not subside, and @entity7 infusion was initiated. After initiation of @entity7 infusion, the @entity3 were completely controlled. On the fourth day of admission, her parents said that she had accidentally received 20 tablets (a total dose of 2000 mg) of isoniazid just before admission to our hospital. Later, we injected 200 mg of @entity5 intravenously. During follow-up, her general condition improved, and anticonvulsant agents were discontinued because an electroencephalogram was found to be norma. She was discharged from the hospital on the twelfth day of admission. At the fourth month of follow-up, she was @entity3 free. Because of this case, we would like to re-emphasize that acute @entity8 should also be considered in a @entity0 with unexplained @entity2 .

title: Do not overlook acute @entity8 in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A previously healthy 2-year-old @entity0 was admitted with generalized @entity2 . She was in a stupor and could respond only to painful stimuli. She also had severe @entity4 . Although initial liver function tests were normal, they were found to be moderately high on the fifth day of admission; however, they dropped to their normal ranges on the twelfth day of admission. Initially, the @entity0 was diagnosed as having idiopathic @entity2 , and classic anticonvulsant agents, including @entity7 , @entity6 , and then @entity1 , were given. However, her @entity3 did not subside, and @entity7 infusion was initiated. After initiation of @entity7 infusion, the @entity3 were completely controlled. On the fourth day of admission, her parents said that she had accidentally received 20 tablets (a total dose of 2000 mg) of isoniazid just before admission to our hospital. Later, we injected 200 mg of @entity5 intravenously. During follow-up, her general condition improved, and anticonvulsant agents were discontinued because an electroencephalogram was found to be norma. She was discharged from the hospital on the twelfth day of admission. At the fourth month of follow-up, she was @entity3 free. Because of this case, we would like to re-emphasize that acute @entity8 should also be considered in a @entity0 with unexplained @entity2 .

title: Do not overlook acute XXXX in @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: A previously healthy 2-year-old @entity0 was admitted with generalized @entity2 . She was in a stupor and could respond only to painful stimuli. She also had severe @entity4 . Although initial liver function tests were normal, they were found to be moderately high on the fifth day of admission; however, they dropped to their normal ranges on the twelfth day of admission. Initially, the @entity0 was diagnosed as having idiopathic @entity2 , and classic anticonvulsant agents, including @entity7 , @entity6 , and then @entity1 , were given. However, her @entity3 did not subside, and @entity7 infusion was initiated. After initiation of @entity7 infusion, the @entity3 were completely controlled. On the fourth day of admission, her parents said that she had accidentally received 20 tablets (a total dose of 2000 mg) of isoniazid just before admission to our hospital. Later, we injected 200 mg of @entity5 intravenously. During follow-up, her general condition improved, and anticonvulsant agents were discontinued because an electroencephalogram was found to be norma. She was discharged from the hospital on the twelfth day of admission. At the fourth month of follow-up, she was @entity3 free. Because of this case, we would like to re-emphasize that acute @entity8 should also be considered in a @entity0 with unexplained @entity2 .

title: Do not overlook acute @entity8 in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Deep sternal wound infections are a rare but serious complication after median sternotomy. We evaluated the incidence of @entity3 associated with two techniques for sternal closure. METHODS: In this retrospective case series, we recorded the method of sternal closure in consecutive @entity0 undergoing a variety of cardiothoracic surgical procedures. Sternal closure in the historical control group was performed using trans-sternal, stainless-steel wire sutures; subsequent @entity0 were closed using wire sutures in conjunction with a novel, peristernal cable-tie closure system to reinforce the corpus sterni. Perioperative care was standardized between groups. Demographics, risk factors, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Between July 2010 and July 2014, 609 consecutive adult @entity0 underwent sternal closure following open median sternotomy at a single hospital in Mobile, Alabama. Sternal closure was accomplished with wire sutures in the first 309 @entity0 and with cable-tie reinforcement in the subsequent 300 @entity0 . Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups, except that the cable-tie group exhibited greater preoperative comorbidity. Mean body mass index was comparable between groups (30.2        6.6  kg/m(2) wire suture versus 30.5        7.7 cable-tie, p   =   0.568). Deep sternal wound @entity2 occurred in 2.6  % (8/309) @entity0 in the wire-suture group, whereas no deep sternal wound infections were observed in the cable tie group (p   =   0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The peristernal cable-tie system was a simple and reliable method for sternal closure after open median sternotomy, and was associated with a reduced risk of @entity3 , even in an @entity1 and comorbid population.

title: XXXX with use of a peristernal cable-tie closure system: a retrospective case series.

answer: @entity3


abstract: One single injection of @entity0 to male @entity1 resulted in the appearance of Kurloff cells in the thymus and spleen in a maximal number after 2-3 weeks. In both organs, Kurloff cells of three categories were observed with different size and number of the inclusion(s). In the thymus, cells with small and medium-sized inclusions were present almost exclusively among low-density thymocytes. Cells with one large inclusion were initially present among low-density cells, but with time an increasing proportion were found among high-density thymocytes. This indicates that the different categories of Kurloff cells represent maturational stages and follow the normal differentiation step of thymocytes from low to high density. According to electronic cell volume distribution analysis, @entity0 treatment was associated with a shift in cell volume towards larger cells, and this shift was correlated in time with the appearance of Kurloff cells with large inclusions. In thymus sections there was evidence for a massive and selective migration of Kurloff cells via interlobular lymph vessels. No difference in localization of Kurloff cells was noted at various times after @entity0 treatment. Attempts to induce Kurloff cell formation from bone marrow, spleen or thymus cells during 2 weeks in vitro were unsuccessful, also when culturing the cells in serum from @entity0 -treated animals. This negative result, the long lag phase of @entity0 -induced Kurloff cell formation in vivo, and the reported lack of @entity0 receptor in Kurloff cells indicate that the Kurloff cell induction by @entity0 may be indirect.

title: Kinetic study of Kurloff cells in XXXX thymus.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty on excessive genu varum is a more demanding technique and gives worst results than procedures on moderate deformations. It remains a subject of controversies due to the lack of consensus. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the results of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) on excessive genu varum (superior to 20  ) by analyzing pre and post operative clinical and radiological parameters. METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively 40 @entity1 in 33 @entity0 (seven @entity0 operated bilaterally) performed for genu varum superior to 20   between 2004 and 2011. Pre and post operative evaluation of @entity0 were done according to the International Knee Society score. RESULTS: The mean age of our @entity0 was 67 years with a female predominance. Tricompartmental @entity2 was the etiology in all cases. Pre operative IKS score and HKA angle were respectively 52,36 /200 points and 155,7  . The mean follow up was 4 years. Our results were generally satisfactory. The post operative IKS score was 155,36 points (mean joint score of 85.85 points and mean functional score of 69.26 Points) and the post operative HKA angle was 176,17  . Only 60   of @entity0 had normal HKA angle. We noted aseptic loosening of the tibial component in 3 cases. CONCLUSION: @entity1 on excessive genu varum is more demanding technique. Pre operative planning after analyzing different clinical and radiological parameters is necessary to obtain a good functional outcome while minimizing the rate of complications.

title: Results of XXXX on excessive genu varum superior to 20  .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: When administered during pregnancy, antibodies and other biologic drugs that contain the Fc part of the IgG molecule can traverse the placenta. Although it is generally accepted that the @entity3 receptor mediates this process, gaps remain in our understanding of underlying details in @entity0 and in common laboratory animal species. METHODS: We expanded our previous studies in timed-pregnant @entity2 to both measure the transport of human (h) IgG at earlier gestation ages in vivo and evaluate @entity3 function in vitro using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and Madin-Darby @entity1 kidney cells (MDCK) that express @entity2 (gp) @entity3 . RESULTS: In timed-pregnant @entity2 both the average concentration of hIgG in the fetus and its ratio to maternal hIgG concentration increase exponentially with gestation age. Thus, hIgG fetal:maternal concentration ratios increase from an average of 1% to 3%, 17%, and 76% on GD    26, 35, 46, and 54, respectively. In vitro, gpFcRn immobilized on a solid surface can bind hIgG and gpIgG preparations in a similar manner. All engineered @entity0 Fc isotype-specific constructs were internalized by MDCK-gpFcRn cells at significant levels. While not significant, their recycling and hIgG transcytosis by this cell line also trend higher than background controls. DISCUSSION: Pregnant @entity2 exhibit similarities with @entity0 in the degree and timing of transplacental transfer as well as the ability of their @entity3 to bind and internalize hIgG in vitro. Further studies are needed to guide building appropriate systems for the evaluation of @entity3 mediated function of @entity0 immunoglobulin therapies.

title: Gestation age dependent transfer of @entity0 immunoglobulins across placenta in timed-pregnant XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: When administered during pregnancy, antibodies and other biologic drugs that contain the Fc part of the IgG molecule can traverse the placenta. Although it is generally accepted that the @entity3 receptor mediates this process, gaps remain in our understanding of underlying details in @entity0 and in common laboratory animal species. METHODS: We expanded our previous studies in timed-pregnant @entity2 to both measure the transport of human (h) IgG at earlier gestation ages in vivo and evaluate @entity3 function in vitro using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and Madin-Darby @entity1 kidney cells (MDCK) that express @entity2 (gp) @entity3 . RESULTS: In timed-pregnant @entity2 both the average concentration of hIgG in the fetus and its ratio to maternal hIgG concentration increase exponentially with gestation age. Thus, hIgG fetal:maternal concentration ratios increase from an average of 1% to 3%, 17%, and 76% on GD    26, 35, 46, and 54, respectively. In vitro, gpFcRn immobilized on a solid surface can bind hIgG and gpIgG preparations in a similar manner. All engineered @entity0 Fc isotype-specific constructs were internalized by MDCK-gpFcRn cells at significant levels. While not significant, their recycling and hIgG transcytosis by this cell line also trend higher than background controls. DISCUSSION: Pregnant @entity2 exhibit similarities with @entity0 in the degree and timing of transplacental transfer as well as the ability of their @entity3 to bind and internalize hIgG in vitro. Further studies are needed to guide building appropriate systems for the evaluation of @entity3 mediated function of @entity0 immunoglobulin therapies.

title: Gestation age dependent transfer of XXXX immunoglobulins across placenta in timed-pregnant @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 has been used to treat behavioral symptoms, such as delusions and @entity4 , in @entity0 with @entity1 . The relationship between magnitude and variability of @entity3 and @entity5 exposure and the relationship with time to discontinuation of the medication were explored. Sixty-five subjects from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trial of Intervention Effectiveness-Alzheimer's Disease Trial that received @entity3 were included in this study. Eighteen subjects completed the study without switching medication (completers on @entity3 ), whereas 47 discontinued the medication. Those who discontinued were divided into 2 groups according to responsiveness to therapy. Using Cox proportional survival regression analysis, we estimated time to discontinuation and factors associated with treatment discontinuation including age, dose, body mass index, neuropsychiatric inventory baseline score, and average exposure (area under the curve [AUC]) to @entity3 and @entity5 . Twenty-four and 17 subjects discontinued therapy because of inadequate therapeutic effect and side effects, respectively (6 subjects were excluded because of missing information about reason for switching or discontinuation). Discontinuation hazards for those with a higher than median AUC of the metabolite were 2.54 (P = 0.029; inadequate and side effect group combined) and 3.48 (P = 0.025; inadequate effect group) times that of those in the lower than median AUC group. None of the other covariates contributed significantly to the switching hazard. @entity3 metabolite, @entity5 concentrations, correlated with the risk of switching or discontinuing the medication, suggesting that @entity5 contributes to adverse events and intolerability in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Association of XXXX concentrations with risk of switching or discontinuation in the clinical antipsychotic trial of intervention effectiveness- @entity1 trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity3 has been used to treat behavioral symptoms, such as delusions and @entity4 , in @entity0 with @entity1 . The relationship between magnitude and variability of @entity3 and @entity5 exposure and the relationship with time to discontinuation of the medication were explored. Sixty-five subjects from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trial of Intervention Effectiveness-Alzheimer's Disease Trial that received @entity3 were included in this study. Eighteen subjects completed the study without switching medication (completers on @entity3 ), whereas 47 discontinued the medication. Those who discontinued were divided into 2 groups according to responsiveness to therapy. Using Cox proportional survival regression analysis, we estimated time to discontinuation and factors associated with treatment discontinuation including age, dose, body mass index, neuropsychiatric inventory baseline score, and average exposure (area under the curve [AUC]) to @entity3 and @entity5 . Twenty-four and 17 subjects discontinued therapy because of inadequate therapeutic effect and side effects, respectively (6 subjects were excluded because of missing information about reason for switching or discontinuation). Discontinuation hazards for those with a higher than median AUC of the metabolite were 2.54 (P = 0.029; inadequate and side effect group combined) and 3.48 (P = 0.025; inadequate effect group) times that of those in the lower than median AUC group. None of the other covariates contributed significantly to the switching hazard. @entity3 metabolite, @entity5 concentrations, correlated with the risk of switching or discontinuing the medication, suggesting that @entity5 contributes to adverse events and intolerability in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Association of @entity5 concentrations with risk of switching or discontinuation in the clinical antipsychotic trial of intervention effectiveness- XXXX trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Calcaneal @entity1 are associated with substantial morbidity and socioeconomic impact, frequently leading to limited functional outcome and high economic costs. The Oxford foot model (OFM) has been reported as a valid addition to the biomechanical examination of the foot. The aim of our study was to analyze the gait of @entity0 after operative repair of a calcaneal @entity1 in relation to functional outcome and radiographic findings. METHODS: Thirteen @entity0 with a calcaneal @entity1 underwent gait analysis with OFM at a minimum of six months after open surgery. Intersegmental range of motion was measured during gait. Results were compared with those of healthy subjects and those of @entity0 who had undergone subtalar arthrodesis. @entity0 -reported questionnaires and radiographic images were also evaluated. RESULTS: The range of motion between the hindfoot and the tibia in the push-off phase in the transverse plane was significantly correlated with the clinical outcome as reported by @entity0 based on the Foot and Ankle Disability Index (FADI) (r(2) = 0.51; p < 0.001) and the Short Form (SF)-36 physical component summary score (r(2) = 0.52; p < 0.001). We found a significant correlation between the step-off in the subtalar joint as measured on postoperative computed tomography (CT) and range of motion (r(2) = -0.74; p = 0.004). The step-off was also correlated with the @entity0 -reported outcome questionnaire FADI (r(2) = -0.76; p = 0.003) and the SF-36 physical component summary score (r(2) = -0.78; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that the subtalar joint range of motion of @entity0 after a calcaneal @entity1 was related both to the quality of the reduction of the subtalar joint as evaluated on postoperative CT scans and @entity0 -reported functional outcome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Gait Analysis and Functional Outcome After Calcaneal XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and clinical appearance of @entity2 in sows, to identify sow-related risk factors for development of @entity2 , and to explore the manner in which the disease influences sow performance. ANIMALS: 1,254 sows from 76 herds. PROCEDURE: A clinical examination was performed at time of weaning and 7 days later. In addition, some sows were reexamined at time of weaning in the subsequent lactation. Data were collected on sow performance. RESULTS: At time of weaning, 205 of 1,254 (16%) sows had @entity2 , and 7 days later, the prevalence was 19%. Variation between herds was large (0 to 50%). In most of the affected sows (156/205 176%]), only 1 mammary gland was affected. Parity, duration of lactation, and number of teat wounds were identified as risk factors for development of the disease. In 264 of 559 (47%) sows (38/104 [37%] mammary glands), a @entity0 recurred in the subsequent lactation. Risk for recurrence was related @entity0 appearing in multiple form but not to @entity0 size. Affected glands were less distended in the subsequent lactation, suggesting lower milk production. Litter size appeared to be negatively affected by the disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Granu lomatous @entity1 is a common disease in sow herds maintained on straw bedding and in group housing, and it has negative effects on sow productivity. A thorough description of the clinical appearance of the disease and the identification of risk factors should contribute to development of relevant control measures.

title: Clinical characteristics, prevalence, influence on sow performance, and assessment of sow-related risk factors for XXXX in sows.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Central nervous system involvement occurs less than 5% of @entity0 with @entity6 . A prospective analysis of 73 @entity0 with @entity6 identified 13 (17.8%) neurobrucellosis cases from February 2001 to May 2002. 10 @entity0 had @entity3 and 3 acute @entity3 . Two @entity0 had only @entity1 . Cranial nerve involvement was observed in 3 @entity0 (6th, 7th and 8th nerves). Three @entity0 had positive blood cultures and 3 others had positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures. 12 @entity0 had positive agglutination titres in CSF. All patients received antibiotic therapy with @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity7 initially, and after 1 month they were continued with @entity4 and @entity7 up to 4 months. All @entity0 were completely cured. @entity2 developed in 1 @entity0 as a sequela.

title: Neurobrucellosis in an endemic area of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the available evidence of the effectiveness of physiotherapy for @entity2 of the elbow. METHOD: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) identified by a highly sensitive search strategy in six databases in combination with reference checking. Two independent reviewers selected @entity1 that included a physiotherapy intervention, @entity0 with @entity2 , and at least one clinically relevant outcome measure. No language restrictions were made. Methodological quality was independently assessed by two blinded reviewers. A best evidence synthesis, including a quantitative and qualitative analysis, was conducted, weighting the studies with respect to their internal validity, statistical significance, clinical relevance, and statistical power. RESULTS: 23 @entity1 were included in the review, evaluating the effects of lasertherapy, ultrasound treatment, electrotherapy, and exercises and mobilisation techniques. Fourteen studies satisfied at least 50% of the internal validity criteria. Except for ultrasound, pooling of data from @entity1 was not possible because of insufficient data, or clinical or statistical heterogeneity. The pooled estimate of the treatment effects of two studies on ultrasound compared to placebo ultrasound, showed statistically significant and clinically relevant differences in favour of ultrasound. There is insufficient evidence either to demonstrate benefit or lack of effect of lasertherapy, electrotherapy, exercises and mobilisation techniques for @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Despite the large number of studies, there is still insufficient evidence for most physiotherapy interventions for @entity2 due to contradicting results, insufficient power, and the low number of studies per intervention. Only for ultrasound, weak evidence for efficacy was found. More better designed, conducted and reported @entity1 are needed.

title: Effectiveness of physiotherapy for XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clear visibility of the needle and catheter tip is desirable to perform safe and successful ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks. This can be challenging with @entity2 in @entity1 @entity0 . This study compared the visibility of echogenic and non-echogenic block needles and catheters in proximal sciatic blocks when performed with a low-frequency curved probe. METHODS: Seventy-eight @entity0 undergoing total knee joint arthroplasty were randomized to receive an ultrasound-guided continuous sciatic @entity2 using either a non-echogenic needle and stimulating catheter or an echogenic needle and echogenic non-stimulating catheter. Block needles in both groups were placed using both neurostimulation and ultrasound guidance, after which the catheter was positioned using either neurostimulation alone (Stimulating group) or imaging alone (Echogenic group). Three anaesthetists blinded to group allocation graded video clips recorded during the blocks for nerve, needle and catheter visibility. Performance characteristics and block parameters were also compared. RESULTS: No significant differences between the two groups were observed with regard to needle or catheter visibility (P=0.516). The Stimulating group required more needle redirections (P=0.009), had a longer procedure time [Echogenic median 274 s vs Stimulating 344 s (P=0.016)], and resulted in greater @entity0 discomfort (P=0.012). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of block onset or completion time. CONCLUSIONS: Use of echogenic needles and catheters reduced procedure time and @entity0 discomfort compared with a stimulating catheter system. There were no differences in the visibility scores of the two systems. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRISTRATION: @entity3 Protocol ID: R-11-495, Clinical Trials.Gov ID: NCT 01492660.

title: Comparative evaluation of the visibility and block characteristics of a stimulating needle and catheter vs an echogenic needle and catheter for sciatic XXXX with a low-frequency ultrasound probe.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Most studies of @entity1 self-management that show improved clinical outcome performance involve multiple, time-intensive educational sessions in a group format. Most provider performance feedback interventions do not improve intermediate outcomes, yet lack targeted, @entity0 -level feedback. METHODS: 5,457 low-income adults with @entity1 at eight federally-qualified community health centers participated in this nested randomized trial. Half of the @entity0 received report card mailings quarterly; @entity0 at 4 of 8 clinics received report cards at every clinic visit; and providers at 4 of 8 clinics received quarterly performance feedback with targeted @entity0 -level data. Expert-recommended glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure outcomes were assessed. Assessment of report card utility and @entity0 and provider satisfaction was conducted through mailed @entity0 surveys and mid- and post-intervention provider interviews. RESULTS: Many providers and the majority of @entity0 perceived the @entity0 report card as being an effective tool. However, @entity0 report card mailings did not improve process outcomes, nor did point-of-care distribution improve intermediate outcomes. Clinics with @entity0 -level provider performance feedback achieved a greater absolute increase in the percentage of @entity0 at target for glycemic control compared to control clinics (6.4% vs 3.8% respectively, Generalized estimating equations Standard Error 0.014, p < 0.001, CI -0.131 - -0.077). Provider reaction to performance feedback was mixed, with some citing frustration with the lack of both time and ancillary resources. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 performance report cards were generally well received by @entity0 and providers, but were not associated with improved outcomes. Targeted, @entity0 -level feedback to providers improved glycemic performance. Provider frustration highlights the need to supplement provider outreach efforts. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00827710.

title: The impact of tailored XXXX registry report cards on measures of disease control: a nested randomized trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To determine the prevalence of @entity1 in Singapore military conscripts and describe the profile of @entity0 and associated risk factors. METHODS: Population-based descriptive analysis of randomised cohort of 818 Singapore military conscripts presenting for medical examination, using self-administered questionnaire and pure tone audiometry performed for both ears. Main outcome measures are prevalence rate of @entity0 and relative risk of @entity0 by demographic factors and surrogates for noise exposure. RESULTS: Prevalence of @entity0 was 36.7 per 1,000 (95% CI 24.8, 51.9). Of 30 subjects with @entity0 , 19 (63.3%) had loss at high frequency, 7 (23.3%) at low frequency, and 4 (13.4%) in both ranges. @entity0 was unilateral in 17 (56.7%) subjects and bilateral in 13 (43.3%). Relative risk of @entity0 did not differ by age group, education level, race or frequency of personal stereo use. Relative risk of @entity0 is higher in subjects with frequent discotheque visits compared to those who never do so (RR = 2.72, 95%CI 1.09, 6.76). CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of @entity0 in Singapore military conscripts points to the need for routine audiometry screening prior to enlistment. This will be useful in assigning military vocations, in clinical case management, and for assessing cases of noise-induced @entity0 attributable to military service.

title: Prevalence of XXXX in Singapore military conscripts: a role for routine audiometry screening?

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is a member of the BAF chromatin remodeling complex. Two isoforms have been described, namely DPF3a and DPF3b. The latter binds to acetylated and methylated @entity1 residues of histones. Here, we elaborate on the role of DPF3a and describe a novel pathway of cardiac gene transcription leading to pathological @entity7 . Upon @entity6 stimuli, casein kinase 2 phosphorylates @entity10 a at @entity3 348. This initiates the interaction of DPF3a with the transcriptional repressors HEY, followed by the release of HEY from the DNA. Moreover, @entity9 is bound by DPF3a, and is thus recruited to HEY genomic targets upon interaction of the two components. Consequently, the transcription of downstream targets such @entity8 is initiated and pathological @entity7 is established. In @entity0 , @entity10 a is significantly up-regulated in @entity6 hearts of @entity0 with @entity5 or @entity2 . Taken together, we show that activation of DPF3a upon @entity6 stimuli switches cardiac fetal gene expression from being silenced by HEY to being activated by @entity9 . Thus, we present a novel pathway for pathological @entity7 , whose inhibition is a long-term therapeutic goal for the treatment of the course of @entity4 .

title: Phosphorylation of the chromatin remodeling factor DPF3a induces XXXX through releasing HEY repressors from DNA.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity1 of the combination of @entity7 and @entity4 in the treatment of @entity0 with advanced @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: Forty @entity0 with locally advanced (stage III) or metastatic (stage IV) @entity6 were enrolled into the study. The @entity0 received @entity7 75 mg/m   on day 1, and @entity4 75-80 mg/m   on day 1 or days devided into 1-3 of a 21-day cycle. Each @entity0 should complete two cycles. RESULTS: An objective response rate was obtained in 43.6% of 39 @entity0 (one complete and 16 partial response), whereas 15 @entity0 had stable disease and 7 @entity0 were progressive. The response rate was 44.4% (8/18) in the initial @entity0 , and 42.9% (9/21) in the retreated @entity0 . No significant difference existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The main @entity1 were @entity8 (17.5% in grade III+IV) and @entity3 (12.5% in grade III+IV). One @entity0 died of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity7 and @entity4 is a feasible, well-tolerated and active scheme in the first-line or second-line treatment of advanced @entity6 . Great attention must be paid to the possible severe @entity2 of the regimen.

title: [Combination of @entity7 and XXXX in the treatment of advanced @entity6 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity1 of the combination of @entity7 and @entity4 in the treatment of @entity0 with advanced @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: Forty @entity0 with locally advanced (stage III) or metastatic (stage IV) @entity6 were enrolled into the study. The @entity0 received @entity7 75 mg/m   on day 1, and @entity4 75-80 mg/m   on day 1 or days devided into 1-3 of a 21-day cycle. Each @entity0 should complete two cycles. RESULTS: An objective response rate was obtained in 43.6% of 39 @entity0 (one complete and 16 partial response), whereas 15 @entity0 had stable disease and 7 @entity0 were progressive. The response rate was 44.4% (8/18) in the initial @entity0 , and 42.9% (9/21) in the retreated @entity0 . No significant difference existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The main @entity1 were @entity8 (17.5% in grade III+IV) and @entity3 (12.5% in grade III+IV). One @entity0 died of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity7 and @entity4 is a feasible, well-tolerated and active scheme in the first-line or second-line treatment of advanced @entity6 . Great attention must be paid to the possible severe @entity2 of the regimen.

title: [Combination of @entity7 and @entity4 in the treatment of advanced XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity1 of the combination of @entity7 and @entity4 in the treatment of @entity0 with advanced @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: Forty @entity0 with locally advanced (stage III) or metastatic (stage IV) @entity6 were enrolled into the study. The @entity0 received @entity7 75 mg/m   on day 1, and @entity4 75-80 mg/m   on day 1 or days devided into 1-3 of a 21-day cycle. Each @entity0 should complete two cycles. RESULTS: An objective response rate was obtained in 43.6% of 39 @entity0 (one complete and 16 partial response), whereas 15 @entity0 had stable disease and 7 @entity0 were progressive. The response rate was 44.4% (8/18) in the initial @entity0 , and 42.9% (9/21) in the retreated @entity0 . No significant difference existed between the two groups (P > 0.05). The main @entity1 were @entity8 (17.5% in grade III+IV) and @entity3 (12.5% in grade III+IV). One @entity0 died of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity7 and @entity4 is a feasible, well-tolerated and active scheme in the first-line or second-line treatment of advanced @entity6 . Great attention must be paid to the possible severe @entity2 of the regimen.

title: [Combination of XXXX and @entity4 in the treatment of advanced @entity6 ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the incidence and effective factors of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Echocardiography were carried out in 60 @entity0 with @entity1 before treatment. According to heart function, @entity0 were divided into treatment group and control group. RESULTS: The incidence of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity1 was 60%. All @entity0 with @entity7 and @entity6 had @entity4 . @entity4 occurred much earlier when @entity0 had previous history of @entity5 , @entity3 or @entity2 . Treatment against @entity4 may improve symptoms and prolong survival time. The @entity4 in the @entity0 with @entity1 is not concerned in chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of @entity4 is closely related to @entity0 ' general condition, especially massive @entity7 and @entity6 . Treatment against @entity4 can significantly improve the clinical symptoms, life quality and survival time.

title: [Heart function in @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the incidence and effective factors of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Echocardiography were carried out in 60 @entity0 with @entity1 before treatment. According to heart function, @entity0 were divided into treatment group and control group. RESULTS: The incidence of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity1 was 60%. All @entity0 with @entity7 and @entity6 had @entity4 . @entity4 occurred much earlier when @entity0 had previous history of @entity5 , @entity3 or @entity2 . Treatment against @entity4 may improve symptoms and prolong survival time. The @entity4 in the @entity0 with @entity1 is not concerned in chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of @entity4 is closely related to @entity0 ' general condition, especially massive @entity7 and @entity6 . Treatment against @entity4 can significantly improve the clinical symptoms, life quality and survival time.

title: [Heart function in XXXX with @entity1 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis catheter @entity2 is associated with loss of catheter patency, catheter-related @entity3 and @entity1 . To limit these risks, many renal units use heparin as a catheter-locking solution. In this study we investigate the effect of different concentrations of heparin catheter lock solution on systemic anticoagulation in an investigator-blinded randomized study of @entity0 with non-tunneled (temporary) central venous catheters. METHODS: 28 consecutive @entity0 requiring insertion of a temporary non-tunneled dual lumen central venous hemodialysis catheter were randomly allocated to receive either heparin 5,000 IU/ml or heparin 1,000 IU/ml as catheter lock solutions. The primary outcome measure was the difference in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) at 10 minutes following catheter locking with heparin 5,000 IU/ml and heparin 1,000 IU/ml. Secondary outcomes included intradialytic blood flow rates, catheter removal due to insufficient hemodialysis blood flow to maintain hemodialysis and catheter-related @entity3 . RESULTS: 13 @entity0 were randomized to the heparin 1,000 IU/ml group with 15 @entity0 randomized to the heparin 5,000 IU/ml group. There was a statistically significant increase in APTT at 10 minutes between groups with median +22.2% (range 0 - 210) rise in APTT in the heparin 1,000 IU/ml group compared with +373.7% (range 133 - 800) in the heparin 5,000 IU/ml group (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between groups with the secondary outcomes of intradialytic blood flow, catheter failure rates and catheter-related @entity3 rates. CONCLUSIONS: Heparin 1,000 IU/ml catheter lock solution confers a significantly lower risk of systemic heparinization than heparin 5,000 IU/ml without any overtly detrimental effect on intradialytic blood flow, catheter failure rates and catheter-related @entity3 rates.

title: The effect of heparinized catheter lock solutions on systemic anticoagulation in hemodialysis XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Dynamic radionuclide imaging potentially offers a convenient, noninvasive technique for detecting gastroesophageal (GE) @entity1 . Initial studies suggested a high degree of sensitivity, although subsequent reports have been less encouraging. We sought to clarify this controversy by assessing the sensitivity of GE scintigraphy in 15 @entity0 with severe @entity2 at endoscopy and 15 health volunteers. After acid loading, scintigraphy was performed in the basal state and after maneuvers (Valsalva, abdominal compression) which provoke GE reflux. Computer analysis permitted calculation of a reflux index for each maneuver. An index greater than 4% was considered a positive test. We found that the mean reflux index for the @entity0 was significantly greater (p less than 0.01) than the healthy volunteers; 4.55 +/- 1.75% versus 0.42 +/- 0.11%, means +/- S.E.M. Only 30% of the @entity0 had a reflux greater than 4%. Using data from our healthy volunteers, we redefined an abnormal reflux index as greater than 1.7%, but that only improved the test sensitivity to 60% and the specificity to 100%. Scintigraphy for reflux is primarily limited by the short duration of imaging. We cannot recommend GE scintigraphy as a useful screening test for reflux.

title: Gastroesophageal scintigraphy: is it a sensitive screening test for XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Vein of @entity1 (VGAMs) arise from persistent arteriovenous shunting from primitive choroidal vessels into the median prosencephalic vein of Markowski, the embryonic precursor of the vein of Galen. VGAMs rarely present past infancy, and their natural history in adults is unknown. We report the first case of a familial-associated VGAM in an asymptomatic adult female @entity0 . The clinical features of this case are presented alongside a systematic review of the literature on adult VGAM cases to assess the natural history, clinical management, and genetic basis of this rare @entity2 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A previously healthy 44-year-old @entity0 with a family history of a VGAM in a stillborn presented with an 8-week onset of dizziness and vertigo that spontaneously resolved. Time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography identified a choroidal VGAM. No intervention was undertaken at this time because of the @entity0 's asymptomatic status after 9 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Based on our review of the literature, this is the first case report of a familial-associated VGAM in an adult @entity0 and suggests that VGAM development can be genetically linked. Of 15 adult VGAM cases previously reported, all @entity0 were either symptomatic or treated, thus precluding determination of VGAM natural history in adults. @entity0 outcomes correlated with the severity of presenting symptoms, which ranged from asymptomatic to immediately life-threatening. We hypothesize that self-selection may render VGAMs to be more benign for them to persist past childhood. Further investigation of the molecular biology underlying VGAM development is warranted.

title: Adult presentation of a familial-associated vein of XXXX : case report.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Functional @entity2 cause substantial morbidity, but not mortality. Alosetron may achieve 'adequate relief ' in @entity1 -predominant @entity3 , but may cause major complications, including death. AIM: To appraise, quantitatively, the trade-off between possible symptomatic improvement and serious complications in the treatment of functional @entity2 . METHODS: A decision analytical model was used to examine alosetron or standard treatment for 6 months in 45-year-old @entity0 with @entity1 -predominant @entity3 using the health care system's perspective. RESULTS: Assuming a 14% higher 'adequate relief' rate with alosetron compared to standard care, and a complication rate of four per 1000 @entity0 in 6 months, alosetron gained 0.00081 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) per @entity0 at a cost of 358,700 US dollars per QALY gained. Alosetron gained QALYs if 'adequate relief' increased the @entity0 ' utility by more than 0.01 in the base case. In probabilistic analysis, alosetron gained QALYs in 98.2% of iterations at a median cost of 212,600 US dollars per QALY (interquartile range, 138,000-338,900 US dollars per QALY). Results were highly sensitive to the utility gain with 'adequate relief' and alosetron's response and complication rates. CONCLUSIONS: Alosetron's benefit-to-risk profile appears to be favourable, but its cost per QALY gained may be substantial. Decision analyses on treatments for functional @entity2 are likely to be highly sensitive to the utility estimates used. There is a pressing need for direct utility measurements in functional @entity2 .

title: Safety, efficacy and costs of pharmacotherapy for functional XXXX : the case of alosetron and its implications.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is little evidence indicating a causal linkage between @entity3 (POIC) in @entity0 studies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between the occurrence of bacterial translocation in the mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and POIC with a sensitive quantitative method using bacterium-specific ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-targeted reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). METHODS: @entity0 who underwent major hepatectomy for @entity1 involving hepatic hilus were included in this study (n = 65). Mesenteric lymph nodes were harvested from the jejunal mesentery 2 times during the operation (MLN-1 harvested at laparotomy and MLN-2 harvested after @entity1 resection). Microorganisms were detected by a bacterium-specific rRNA-targeted RT-qPCR method. Perioperative factors and POIC were recorded prospectively. RESULTS: Of 65 @entity0 , 51 completed the study. Microorganisms were detected in MLN-1 and MLN-2 in 15 (29.4%) and 19 (37.3%) @entity0 , respectively. The detection of microorganisms in MLN-1 was significantly correlated with the incidence of preoperative @entity2 (P = 0.04), whereas the detection of microorganisms in MLN-2 was significantly correlated with the incidence of POIC (P = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, a positive result for detection of microorganisms in MLN-2 was one of the independent predictive factors of POIC (odds ratio = 26.1). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative analysis of MLNs (especially MLN-2) by rRNA-targeted RT-qPCR can strongly predict the occurrence of POIC after hepatectomy for @entity1 . This method is more sensitive and faster at detection of microorganisms than the conventional culture method. Therefore, we can obtain the information of bacterial translocation immediately after the surgery and can select the group of @entity0 with high risk for POIC.

title: Intraoperative bacterial translocation detected by bacterium-specific ribosomal rna-targeted reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the mesenteric lymph node strongly predicts XXXX after major hepatectomy for @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is little evidence indicating a causal linkage between @entity3 (POIC) in @entity0 studies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between the occurrence of bacterial translocation in the mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and POIC with a sensitive quantitative method using bacterium-specific ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-targeted reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). METHODS: @entity0 who underwent major hepatectomy for @entity1 involving hepatic hilus were included in this study (n = 65). Mesenteric lymph nodes were harvested from the jejunal mesentery 2 times during the operation (MLN-1 harvested at laparotomy and MLN-2 harvested after @entity1 resection). Microorganisms were detected by a bacterium-specific rRNA-targeted RT-qPCR method. Perioperative factors and POIC were recorded prospectively. RESULTS: Of 65 @entity0 , 51 completed the study. Microorganisms were detected in MLN-1 and MLN-2 in 15 (29.4%) and 19 (37.3%) @entity0 , respectively. The detection of microorganisms in MLN-1 was significantly correlated with the incidence of preoperative @entity2 (P = 0.04), whereas the detection of microorganisms in MLN-2 was significantly correlated with the incidence of POIC (P = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, a positive result for detection of microorganisms in MLN-2 was one of the independent predictive factors of POIC (odds ratio = 26.1). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative analysis of MLNs (especially MLN-2) by rRNA-targeted RT-qPCR can strongly predict the occurrence of POIC after hepatectomy for @entity1 . This method is more sensitive and faster at detection of microorganisms than the conventional culture method. Therefore, we can obtain the information of bacterial translocation immediately after the surgery and can select the group of @entity0 with high risk for POIC.

title: Intraoperative bacterial translocation detected by bacterium-specific ribosomal rna-targeted reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the mesenteric lymph node strongly predicts @entity3 after major hepatectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intrinsic @entity3 and @entity4 are complications associated with the use of neck-remodeling devices in the treatment of @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To examine the technical and anatomic factors that predict short- and long-term stent patency. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective review of 161 @entity0 who underwent coil embolization of 168 ruptured and @entity2 assisted by the use of a neck-remodeling device. One hundred twenty-seven @entity0 had catheter-based angiographic follow-up to evaluate 133 stent-coil constructs (mean, 15.4 months; median, 12.7 months). The technique of microcatheter jailing was used in a majority of @entity0 ; nonstandard stent configurations were also used. RESULTS: Clinical follow-up for all @entity0 who had catheter-based angiograms demonstrated that among 133 stent constructs, a total of 9 (6.8%) had an in-stent event: 6 acute or subacute @entity3 (4.5%) and 3 delayed @entity4 or occlusion (2.3%). Seven of these constructs were associated with a symptomatic event (5.3%). A significantly higher rate of in-stent events was seen with the use of constructs to treat anterior communicating @entity1 . When all @entity0 are considered, including those who did not receive catheter-based follow-up imaging, 2 of 168 procedures (1.2%) resulted in the death of a @entity0 , and procedural morbidity was 14.9%. CONCLUSION: From these results and those in the published literature, in-stent complication rates are low in carefully selected @entity0 . The use of dual antiplatelet therapy, sensitivity assays, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors may decrease the rate of acute and chronic in-stent complications.

title: In-stent @entity3 and XXXX after neck-remodeling device-assisted coil embolization of @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intrinsic @entity3 and @entity4 are complications associated with the use of neck-remodeling devices in the treatment of @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To examine the technical and anatomic factors that predict short- and long-term stent patency. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective review of 161 @entity0 who underwent coil embolization of 168 ruptured and @entity2 assisted by the use of a neck-remodeling device. One hundred twenty-seven @entity0 had catheter-based angiographic follow-up to evaluate 133 stent-coil constructs (mean, 15.4 months; median, 12.7 months). The technique of microcatheter jailing was used in a majority of @entity0 ; nonstandard stent configurations were also used. RESULTS: Clinical follow-up for all @entity0 who had catheter-based angiograms demonstrated that among 133 stent constructs, a total of 9 (6.8%) had an in-stent event: 6 acute or subacute @entity3 (4.5%) and 3 delayed @entity4 or occlusion (2.3%). Seven of these constructs were associated with a symptomatic event (5.3%). A significantly higher rate of in-stent events was seen with the use of constructs to treat anterior communicating @entity1 . When all @entity0 are considered, including those who did not receive catheter-based follow-up imaging, 2 of 168 procedures (1.2%) resulted in the death of a @entity0 , and procedural morbidity was 14.9%. CONCLUSION: From these results and those in the published literature, in-stent complication rates are low in carefully selected @entity0 . The use of dual antiplatelet therapy, sensitivity assays, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors may decrease the rate of acute and chronic in-stent complications.

title: In-stent @entity3 and @entity4 after neck-remodeling device-assisted coil embolization of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intrinsic @entity3 and @entity4 are complications associated with the use of neck-remodeling devices in the treatment of @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To examine the technical and anatomic factors that predict short- and long-term stent patency. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective review of 161 @entity0 who underwent coil embolization of 168 ruptured and @entity2 assisted by the use of a neck-remodeling device. One hundred twenty-seven @entity0 had catheter-based angiographic follow-up to evaluate 133 stent-coil constructs (mean, 15.4 months; median, 12.7 months). The technique of microcatheter jailing was used in a majority of @entity0 ; nonstandard stent configurations were also used. RESULTS: Clinical follow-up for all @entity0 who had catheter-based angiograms demonstrated that among 133 stent constructs, a total of 9 (6.8%) had an in-stent event: 6 acute or subacute @entity3 (4.5%) and 3 delayed @entity4 or occlusion (2.3%). Seven of these constructs were associated with a symptomatic event (5.3%). A significantly higher rate of in-stent events was seen with the use of constructs to treat anterior communicating @entity1 . When all @entity0 are considered, including those who did not receive catheter-based follow-up imaging, 2 of 168 procedures (1.2%) resulted in the death of a @entity0 , and procedural morbidity was 14.9%. CONCLUSION: From these results and those in the published literature, in-stent complication rates are low in carefully selected @entity0 . The use of dual antiplatelet therapy, sensitivity assays, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors may decrease the rate of acute and chronic in-stent complications.

title: In-stent XXXX and @entity4 after neck-remodeling device-assisted coil embolization of @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a distinctive form of spinal dysraphism characterized by 2 constant features: a focal "closed" @entity4 and a fibroneural stalk that links the @entity3 to the underlying cord. The embryogenesis is hypothesized to be incomplete disjunction between cutaneous and neural ectoderms, thus preventing complete midline skin closure and allowing persistence of a physical link (fibroneural stalk) between the disjunction site and the dorsal neural tube. OBJECTIVE: To illustrate these features in 51 @entity5 @entity0 . METHODS: All @entity0 were studied with magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography myelography, operated on, and followed for a mean of 7.4 years. RESULTS: There were 10 cervical, 13 thoracic, 6 thoracolumbar and 22 lumbar lesions. Two main types of @entity3 were saccular (21 @entity0 ), consisting of a skin-base cerebrospinal fluid sac topped with a squamous epithelial dome, and nonsaccular (30 @entity0 ), with a flat or sunken squamous epithelial crater or pit. The internal structure of a saccular @entity5 could be a basal neural nodule, a stalk that inserts on the dome, or a segmental myelocystocele. In nonsaccular LDMs, the fibroneural stalk has variable @entity2 and complexity. In all LDMs, the fibroneural stalk was tethering the cord. Twenty-nine @entity0 had @entity1 . There was a positive correlation between neurological grade and age, suggesting progression with chronicity. Treatment consisted of detaching the stalk from the cord. Most @entity0 improved or remained stable. CONCLUSION: @entity5 is a distinctive clinicopathological entity and a tethering lesion with characteristic external and internal features. We propose a new classification incorporating both saccular and flat lesions.

title: XXXX : a distinctive clinicopathological entity.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND:                 <AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">To evaluate progression-free survival, overall survival (OS) and long-term clinical outcome in a consecutive series of 86 @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed. Surviving @entity0 voluntarily participated in a clinical history and physical examination that focused on neurological function and current @entity1 status. RESULTS: Follow-up data are nearly 100% complete; mean follow-up time was 82 months. Eighty-five @entity0 (99%) had surgery as a first-line treatment; 14 (17%) of these @entity0 received adjuvant radiotherapy. Of the 85 @entity0 who underwent primary surgery, gross total resection was performed in 60 @entity0 (71%) and subtotal resection in 25 @entity0 (29%). Ten-year progression-free survival rate was 75%; 5-year OS, 97%; and 10-year OS, 91%. Reduced preoperative neurological function and older age at diagnosis were significantly associated with increased risk of @entity3 . At follow-up, spontaneous regression of @entity2 after primary surgery may have occurred in 7 of 19 @entity0 (37%). More than 75% of @entity0 had neurological function compatible with an independent life at follow-up. Good preoperative neurological function was significantly associated with favorable outcome. It was not possible to evaluate the effect of radiotherapy on progression-free survival and OS. CONCLUSION: Gross total resection remains the optimal treatment for @entity0 with @entity4 . @entity0 should be monitored with a clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging at regular intervals up to 10 years after surgery.

title: Long-term outcome after resection of XXXX : report of 86 consecutive cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Characterisation of the underlying molecular mechanisms that promote Barrett's progression may ultimately lead to identification of potential predictive genetic markers that classify @entity0 ' malignant risk. In an attempt to understand these causative pathways, fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was used in this study to determine when specific genetic alterations arise during Barrett's associated neoplastic progression. METHODS: Endoscopic cytology brushings were obtained from 28 @entity0 with @entity2 , 28 with @entity6 (20 low grade @entity6 (LGD) and eight with @entity7 ( @entity7 )), and seven with @entity3 , together with paired control brushings from regions of normal proximal squamous cell epithelium. The exfoliated epithelial cells were washed and deposited onto slides. Probes specific for the centromeres of chromosomes 4, 8, 20, and Y, and locus specific probes for the @entity1 suppressor genes @entity5 , @entity4 , and Rb were subsequently hybridised. RESULTS: Aneuploidy was found early in progression, with metaplastic tissues displaying increased copy numbers of chromosomes 4 and 8. Chromosome 4 hyperploidy was found in 89%, 90%, 88%, and 100% of metaplasias, LGD, @entity7 , @entity3 , respectively, while chromosome 8 hyperploidy occurred in 71%, 75%, 100%, and 100% of @entity0 with the respective staging. Loss of the @entity5 @entity1 suppressor gene also presented in metaplastic epithelium (7%) but most other genetic aberrations were only seen in @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Genetic instability arises well before @entity6 in @entity2 , with chromosome 4 and 8 hyperploidy representing the earliest and most common alterations identified. As these aberrations are widespread at all the premalignant stages, there may be genes on chromosomes 4 and 8 that are involved in both the initiation and progression of @entity2 .

title: Chromosome 4 hyperploidy represents an early genetic aberration in XXXX .

answer: @entity2