abstract: OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to compare the projected long-term clinical and cost implications associated with liraglutide, @entity6 and @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity1 failing to achieve glycemic control on @entity3 monotherapy in France. METHODS: Clinical input data for the modeling analysis were taken from two randomized, controlled trials ( @entity4 and LEAD-2). Long-term ( @entity0 lifetime) projections of clinical outcomes and direct costs (2013 @entity5 ;    ) were made using a validated computer simulation model of @entity2 2 @entity1 . Costs were taken from published France-specific sources. Future costs and clinical benefits were discounted at 3% annually. Sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: Liraglutide was associated with an increase in quality-adjusted life expectancy of 0.25 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and an increase in mean direct healthcare costs of    2558 per @entity0 compared with @entity6 . In the comparison with @entity7 , liraglutide was associated with an increase in quality-adjusted life expectancy of 0.23 QALYs and an increase in direct costs of    4695. Based on these estimates, liraglutide was associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of    10,275 per QALY gained vs @entity6 and    20,709 per QALY gained vs @entity7 in France. CONCLUSION: Calculated ICERs for both comparisons fell below the commonly quoted willingness-to-pay threshold of    30,000 per QALY gained. Therefore, liraglutide is likely to be cost-effective vs @entity6 and @entity7 from a healthcare payer perspective in France.

title: Evaluation of the long-term cost-effectiveness of liraglutide therapy for @entity0 with @entity2 2 XXXX in France.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to compare the projected long-term clinical and cost implications associated with liraglutide, @entity6 and @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity1 failing to achieve glycemic control on @entity3 monotherapy in France. METHODS: Clinical input data for the modeling analysis were taken from two randomized, controlled trials ( @entity4 and LEAD-2). Long-term ( @entity0 lifetime) projections of clinical outcomes and direct costs (2013 @entity5 ;    ) were made using a validated computer simulation model of @entity2 2 @entity1 . Costs were taken from published France-specific sources. Future costs and clinical benefits were discounted at 3% annually. Sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: Liraglutide was associated with an increase in quality-adjusted life expectancy of 0.25 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and an increase in mean direct healthcare costs of    2558 per @entity0 compared with @entity6 . In the comparison with @entity7 , liraglutide was associated with an increase in quality-adjusted life expectancy of 0.23 QALYs and an increase in direct costs of    4695. Based on these estimates, liraglutide was associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of    10,275 per QALY gained vs @entity6 and    20,709 per QALY gained vs @entity7 in France. CONCLUSION: Calculated ICERs for both comparisons fell below the commonly quoted willingness-to-pay threshold of    30,000 per QALY gained. Therefore, liraglutide is likely to be cost-effective vs @entity6 and @entity7 from a healthcare payer perspective in France.

title: Evaluation of the long-term cost-effectiveness of liraglutide therapy for XXXX with @entity2 2 @entity1 in France.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: Many @entity3 , including @entity1 ( @entity1 ), disruptive @entity3 , @entity2 , and some @entity3 characteristics, such as poor empathizing, are regarded to be related to elevated levels of @entity6 or @entity4 sensitivity. Thus, numerous studies have investigated the potential association between @entity4 -related physical diseases and these @entity3 conditions. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a disease characterized by an increased sensitivity of the pilosebaceous unit to circulating @entity6 in @entity0 . The purpose of this study was to examine whether @entity5 has a relationship with @entity4 -related @entity3 conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Totally 37 females with @entity5 and 33 healthy female controls were included in this study. Childhood and present @entity1 symptoms of the @entity0 were assessed using the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and the Adult @entity1 Self-Report Scale, respectively. The Autism-spectrum quotient and the interpersonal reactivity index were used to assess autistic traits and different aspects of empathy. @entity5 severity was measured using the Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the @entity0 and controls on @entity3 questionnaire scores, except for a trend for subjects with @entity5 to show higher levels of the school-associated problems than controls according to WURS. The severity of @entity5 was strongly correlated with the WURS @entity3 and @entity3 /impulsivity subscores and WURS total score, and moderately correlated with the WURS attentional deficit subscore. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary evidence that common etiological factors may be involved in both the severity of @entity5 , @entity1 , and coexisting disruptive @entity3 .

title: Autistic Trait, Empathy, and XXXX in @entity0 with Idiopathic @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: Many @entity3 , including @entity1 ( @entity1 ), disruptive @entity3 , @entity2 , and some @entity3 characteristics, such as poor empathizing, are regarded to be related to elevated levels of @entity6 or @entity4 sensitivity. Thus, numerous studies have investigated the potential association between @entity4 -related physical diseases and these @entity3 conditions. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a disease characterized by an increased sensitivity of the pilosebaceous unit to circulating @entity6 in @entity0 . The purpose of this study was to examine whether @entity5 has a relationship with @entity4 -related @entity3 conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Totally 37 females with @entity5 and 33 healthy female controls were included in this study. Childhood and present @entity1 symptoms of the @entity0 were assessed using the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and the Adult @entity1 Self-Report Scale, respectively. The Autism-spectrum quotient and the interpersonal reactivity index were used to assess autistic traits and different aspects of empathy. @entity5 severity was measured using the Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the @entity0 and controls on @entity3 questionnaire scores, except for a trend for subjects with @entity5 to show higher levels of the school-associated problems than controls according to WURS. The severity of @entity5 was strongly correlated with the WURS @entity3 and @entity3 /impulsivity subscores and WURS total score, and moderately correlated with the WURS attentional deficit subscore. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary evidence that common etiological factors may be involved in both the severity of @entity5 , @entity1 , and coexisting disruptive @entity3 .

title: Autistic Trait, Empathy, and @entity1 in @entity0 with Idiopathic XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: Many @entity3 , including @entity1 ( @entity1 ), disruptive @entity3 , @entity2 , and some @entity3 characteristics, such as poor empathizing, are regarded to be related to elevated levels of @entity6 or @entity4 sensitivity. Thus, numerous studies have investigated the potential association between @entity4 -related physical diseases and these @entity3 conditions. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a disease characterized by an increased sensitivity of the pilosebaceous unit to circulating @entity6 in @entity0 . The purpose of this study was to examine whether @entity5 has a relationship with @entity4 -related @entity3 conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Totally 37 females with @entity5 and 33 healthy female controls were included in this study. Childhood and present @entity1 symptoms of the @entity0 were assessed using the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) and the Adult @entity1 Self-Report Scale, respectively. The Autism-spectrum quotient and the interpersonal reactivity index were used to assess autistic traits and different aspects of empathy. @entity5 severity was measured using the Ferriman-Gallwey scoring system. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the @entity0 and controls on @entity3 questionnaire scores, except for a trend for subjects with @entity5 to show higher levels of the school-associated problems than controls according to WURS. The severity of @entity5 was strongly correlated with the WURS @entity3 and @entity3 /impulsivity subscores and WURS total score, and moderately correlated with the WURS attentional deficit subscore. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary evidence that common etiological factors may be involved in both the severity of @entity5 , @entity1 , and coexisting disruptive @entity3 .

title: Autistic Trait, Empathy, and @entity1 in XXXX with Idiopathic @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 transdermal patch has shown higher caregiver satisfaction and greater preference than oral formulation in @entity0 with @entity1 . However, there is limited literature available related to caregiver preference or treatment compliance in real-world clinical settings. To date, no such data are available from Asia and the Middle East, which account for a sizeable proportion of @entity0 with @entity1 . The objective of this study was to evaluate treatment preference and compliance with oral and transdermal medications in daily clinical practice in an ethnically diverse @entity0 population from Asia and the Middle East with mild-to-moderate @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: RECAP (Real-world Evaluation of Compliance And Preference in the treatment of @entity1 ) was a 24-week, multicenter, prospective, noninterventional study. Two treatment cohorts were observed during the study: oral (cholinesterase inhibitors or @entity2 ) and transdermal ( @entity3 patch). Caregiver preference, physician preference, and @entity0 compliance were evaluated at week 24. RESULTS: A total of 978 of 1,931 enrolled @entity0 (mean age: 72.8 years; 50.5% female) were in the transdermal cohort. For @entity0 with exposure to both oral and transdermal monotherapy (n=330), a significant caregivers' preference for the transdermal monotherapy was observed (82.7%; P<0.0001). Of the 89 participating physicians, 71 indicated preference for transdermal monotherapy. @entity0 compliance was also significantly higher for transdermal than oral monotherapy (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Our study showed higher caregiver and physician preference and greater @entity0 compliance with transdermal monotherapy in daily practice.

title: Real-world evaluation of compliance and preference in XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies on economic impact of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are scanty despite its being common among @entity0 in developing countries who are mostly Africans. OBJECTIVE: To determine the financial burden of @entity4 on households in Ado Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria. METHODS: A longitudinal and descriptive study of household expenditures on care of 111 @entity0 with @entity4 managed at the pediatric hematology unit of the Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital was conducted between January and December 2014. RESULTS: There were 64 male and 47 female @entity0 involved, aged between 15 and 180 months. They were from 111 households, out of which only eight (7.2%) were enrolled under the National Health Insurance Scheme. The number of admissions and outpatients' consultations ranged from 1 to 5 and 1 to 10 per @entity0 , respectively. @entity1 , @entity3 , and severe @entity2 were the leading comorbidities. The monthly household income ranged between    12,500 and    330,000 ( @entity5 76 and @entity5 2,000) with a median of    55,000 ( @entity5 333), and health expenditure ranged between    2,500 and    215,000 ( @entity5 15 and @entity5 1,303) with a mean of    39,554  35,479 ( @entity5 240  215). Parents of 63 @entity0 lost between 1 and 48 working days due to their @entity0 's ill health. Parents of 23 @entity0 took loans ranging between    6,500 and    150,000 ( @entity5 39 and @entity5 909) to offset hospital bills. The percentage of family income spent as health expenditure on each @entity0 ranged from 0.38 to 34.4. Catastrophic health expenditure (when the health expenditure >10% of family income) occurred in 23 (20.7%) households. Parents who took loan to offset hospital bills, low social class, and @entity0 who took ill during the study period significantly had higher odds for catastrophic health expenditure (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.399-87.176, P=0.000; 95% CI 2.322-47.310, P=0.002; and 95% CI 1.128-29.694, P=0.035, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity4 poses enormous financial burden on parents and households.

title: The financial burden of XXXX on households in Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is one of the most commonly diagnosed types of @entity2 and is a leading cause of @entity2  -associated mortality worldwide. Short chain enoyl coenzyme  A hydratase  1  ( @entity7 ) is an important gene involved in the mitochondrial @entity5 b  -oxidation pathway. In addition, @entity7 has been implicated in a variety of @entity2 , including @entity0 . The aim of the present study was to examine the expression of @entity7 in the @entity1 HCT  -8 @entity3 cell line. The results showed that @entity7 expression was significantly increased in poorly  -differentiated cells compared with that in well  -differentiated cells. In order to further investigate the functions of @entity7 in @entity3 cells, a stably transfected HCT  -8 cell line expressing small interfering  (si)RNA targeting the @entity7 gene was established. The expression of the @entity7 siRNA was found to reduce @entity7 protein levels in @entity7  -silenced cells by >40%. Cell proliferation and cell migration of the siECHS1 cells were characterized using Cell Counting Kit  -8 and Transwell assays, respectively, the results of which showed that the constitutive knockdown of the ECSH1 gene in HCT  -8 cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, decreased levels of @entity4 and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3b phosphorylation were observed in @entity7  -silenced HCT  -8 cells compared with that of parental or pU6 empty vector  -transfected cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that @entity7 may have an important role in @entity3 cell proliferation and migration via activation of @entity4  - and @entity6  -associated signaling pathways.

title: Attenuation of enoyl coenzyme  A hydratase  1 expression in XXXX cells using small interfering  RNA inhibits cell proliferation and migration.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 stem-like cells (CSC) have been proposed to promote @entity2 progression by initiating @entity2 growth at distant sites, suggesting that stem-like cell features can support metastatic efficiency. Here, we demonstrate that oncogenic DNp73, a @entity2 -suppressor @entity8 , confers @entity2 cells with enhanced stem-like properties. DNp73 overexpression in noninvasive @entity3 and @entity1 cells increased anchorage-independent growth and elevated the expression of the pluripotency factors @entity7 , @entity4 , and @entity6 . Conversely, DNp73 depletion in metastatic cells downregulated stemness genes, attenuated sphere formation and reduced the @entity2 -initiating capability of spheroids in @entity2 xenograft models. Mechanistic investigations indicated that DNp73 acted by attenuating expression of miR-885-5p, a direct regulator of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) responsible for stemness marker expression. Modulating this pathway was sufficient to enhance chemosensitivity, overcoming DNp73-mediated drug resistance. Clinically, we established a correlation between low @entity8 function and high @entity5 / @entity7 / @entity4 / @entity6 levels in @entity3 specimens that associated with reduced @entity0 survival. Our work shows how DNp73 promotes @entity2 stem-like features and provides a mechanistic rationale to target the DNp73- @entity5 cascade as a therapeutic strategy to eradicate CSC. @entity2 Res; 76(2); 197-205.   2015 AACR.

title: XXXX and @entity5 Regulate Emergence of Aggressive Cancer Stem-like Features via miR-885-5p Control.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 stem-like cells (CSC) have been proposed to promote @entity2 progression by initiating @entity2 growth at distant sites, suggesting that stem-like cell features can support metastatic efficiency. Here, we demonstrate that oncogenic DNp73, a @entity2 -suppressor @entity8 , confers @entity2 cells with enhanced stem-like properties. DNp73 overexpression in noninvasive @entity3 and @entity1 cells increased anchorage-independent growth and elevated the expression of the pluripotency factors @entity7 , @entity4 , and @entity6 . Conversely, DNp73 depletion in metastatic cells downregulated stemness genes, attenuated sphere formation and reduced the @entity2 -initiating capability of spheroids in @entity2 xenograft models. Mechanistic investigations indicated that DNp73 acted by attenuating expression of miR-885-5p, a direct regulator of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) responsible for stemness marker expression. Modulating this pathway was sufficient to enhance chemosensitivity, overcoming DNp73-mediated drug resistance. Clinically, we established a correlation between low @entity8 function and high @entity5 / @entity7 / @entity4 / @entity6 levels in @entity3 specimens that associated with reduced @entity0 survival. Our work shows how DNp73 promotes @entity2 stem-like features and provides a mechanistic rationale to target the DNp73- @entity5 cascade as a therapeutic strategy to eradicate CSC. @entity2 Res; 76(2); 197-205.   2015 AACR.

title: @entity8 and XXXX Regulate Emergence of Aggressive Cancer Stem-like Features via miR-885-5p Control.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The reasons of the dramatically aggravated cercarial situation were examined in the Naroch Lake area (Minsk Province, Byelorussia). The incidence of @entity2 with cercariae of the family Schistosomatidae trematodes in 8 mollusk species of the genera Lymnaea, Planorbarius, Planorbis, Anisus which were nonuniformly distributed in the upper littoral were studied. The snails form mosaic congestions of various density (from solitary individuals in a 50-100 m2 area to hundreds per m2), which is associated with the nature of aquaphytocenoses and the degree of @entity5 . The snails infected with Trichobilharzia ocellata and Bilharziella polonica cercariae accounted for 18.8%. Schistosoma cercariae affected L. stagnalis, L. ovata, and L.p. corvus to the greatest extent. The proportion of @entity4 (Anas platyrhyncha) infected with the two Schistosomatidae is 30.0% in the area in question with the average @entity1 rate of as many as 20 trematodes of both sexes per @entity4 . High-risk areas for @entity0 @entity1 (with the number of Schistosoma cercariae exceeding 10 larvae in 10 liters of water) were recorded in the upper littorals in the beach zones of all recreation institutions such as sanatoria, rest homes, camping, etc.). The fact that Schistosoma cercariae can be active in attacking @entity0 under the conditions of the Naroch Lake littoral was verified by the self- @entity1 of one of the authors (S.A. Be'er). @entity3 showing its typical clinical manifestations developed after 120-130 cercariae had penetrated into the arms and legs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX cercariasis caused by schistosomatid larvae from aquatic birds in the Narochanka River recreational area of Byelarus].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is an @entity2 (incidence and prevalence 1:10,000) which is characterized by @entity7 in various organs. @entity0 AND METHODS: We demonstrate three @entity0 with different and partly atypical manifestations: All had @entity8 . No @entity0 was @entity5 and @entity3 was observed only intermittently. In all cases periventricular calcifications were noted and @entity1 were found. Two @entity0 requested dialysis after nephrectomy. One @entity0 suffered from severe complications of the rare @entity4 . RESULTS: Therapy of this multiorgan disease is only symptomatic. Operations should be considered as second line treatment. In one case, successful renal transplantation is described. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic counselling is warranted in this disease with high penetrance, particularly the broad spectrum of manifestations should be taken into account.

title: [ XXXX : typical complications of a @entity2 and therapeutic options].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is an @entity2 (incidence and prevalence 1:10,000) which is characterized by @entity7 in various organs. @entity0 AND METHODS: We demonstrate three @entity0 with different and partly atypical manifestations: All had @entity8 . No @entity0 was @entity5 and @entity3 was observed only intermittently. In all cases periventricular calcifications were noted and @entity1 were found. Two @entity0 requested dialysis after nephrectomy. One @entity0 suffered from severe complications of the rare @entity4 . RESULTS: Therapy of this multiorgan disease is only symptomatic. Operations should be considered as second line treatment. In one case, successful renal transplantation is described. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic counselling is warranted in this disease with high penetrance, particularly the broad spectrum of manifestations should be taken into account.

title: [ @entity6 : typical complications of a XXXX and therapeutic options].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Few studies have measured the physical activity levels of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) survivors, and no previous studies have measured sedentary behavior levels in this population. This study used accelerometers to measure the physical activity and sedentary time levels of @entity1 survivors and examined the demographic, behavioral, and medical correlates of these behaviors. METHODS: A total of 156 @entity1 survivors (mean age   =   64 years) completed a questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days during waking hours. Descriptive statistics were used to describe physical activity and sedentary time levels, and linear regression was used to investigate correlates of these behaviors. RESULTS: @entity0 averaged 8.6 h of sedentary time per day (60% of their accelerometer wear time), 5.3 h of light-intensity physical activity (37%), and 30 min of moderate-intensity physical activity (3%). Only 12% of the @entity0 accrued the duration of moderate-vigorous physical activity recommended by physical activity guidelines (30 min accrued in bouts of at least 10 min). Female @entity0 , older @entity0 , smokers, and @entity0 with larger waist circumference had lower levels of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Smokers and @entity0 with larger waist circumference also had higher sedentary time levels. CONCLUSION: The @entity1 survivors in this study spent the majority of their waking hours sedentary, and few met physical activity guidelines. The results of this study emphasize the need for more research exploring the health consequences of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity in @entity1 survivors. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Volume and correlates of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in XXXX survivors.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An in vivo/in vitro system using @entity0 bone marrow cells and spleen cells to assess micronucleus (MN) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) simultaneously (Moore et al., 1995) was further developed. In two separate experiments, two @entity0 /dose/experiment were treated i.p. with 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg @entity4 (CA)/kg or with @entity1 ( @entity2 ) at 0, 1, 2, 4 mg/kg (experiment 1) or 0, 4, 6, and 8 mg/kg (experiment 2) and killed 6 h later. Cultures were then established in the presence of growth stimulants ( @entity5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor for bone marrow; lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin A for spleen) and cytochalasin B, a cytokinesis inhibitor. Bone marrow cells were harvested 24 h after establishment of cultures, while spleen cells were harvested at 48 h. In addition, spleen cells were concurrently assayed for chromosome aberrations. With the MN endpoint, spleen cells appeared more sensitive than bone marrow cells to the effects of CA due both to a lower background and an increased response. For @entity2 , bone marrow cells exhibited both a higher background of MN and a greater numerical response than did spleen cells. However, on the basis of a fold-increase over control values, spleen cells were more sensitive than bone marrow cells. In general, the MN endpoint appeared more sensitive than the @entity3 in spleen cells after treatment with CA or @entity2 . Thus, the approach described here shows greater potential in detecting genotoxicity.

title: An in vivo/in vitro method for assessing micronucleus and chromosome aberration induction in @entity0 bone marrow and spleen. 2. Studies with @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: An in vivo/in vitro system using @entity0 bone marrow cells and spleen cells to assess micronucleus (MN) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) simultaneously (Moore et al., 1995) was further developed. In two separate experiments, two @entity0 /dose/experiment were treated i.p. with 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg @entity4 (CA)/kg or with @entity1 ( @entity2 ) at 0, 1, 2, 4 mg/kg (experiment 1) or 0, 4, 6, and 8 mg/kg (experiment 2) and killed 6 h later. Cultures were then established in the presence of growth stimulants ( @entity5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor for bone marrow; lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin A for spleen) and cytochalasin B, a cytokinesis inhibitor. Bone marrow cells were harvested 24 h after establishment of cultures, while spleen cells were harvested at 48 h. In addition, spleen cells were concurrently assayed for chromosome aberrations. With the MN endpoint, spleen cells appeared more sensitive than bone marrow cells to the effects of CA due both to a lower background and an increased response. For @entity2 , bone marrow cells exhibited both a higher background of MN and a greater numerical response than did spleen cells. However, on the basis of a fold-increase over control values, spleen cells were more sensitive than bone marrow cells. In general, the MN endpoint appeared more sensitive than the @entity3 in spleen cells after treatment with CA or @entity2 . Thus, the approach described here shows greater potential in detecting genotoxicity.

title: An in vivo/in vitro method for assessing micronucleus and chromosome aberration induction in @entity0 bone marrow and spleen. 2. Studies with XXXX and @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: An in vivo/in vitro system using @entity0 bone marrow cells and spleen cells to assess micronucleus (MN) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) simultaneously (Moore et al., 1995) was further developed. In two separate experiments, two @entity0 /dose/experiment were treated i.p. with 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg @entity4 (CA)/kg or with @entity1 ( @entity2 ) at 0, 1, 2, 4 mg/kg (experiment 1) or 0, 4, 6, and 8 mg/kg (experiment 2) and killed 6 h later. Cultures were then established in the presence of growth stimulants ( @entity5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor for bone marrow; lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin A for spleen) and cytochalasin B, a cytokinesis inhibitor. Bone marrow cells were harvested 24 h after establishment of cultures, while spleen cells were harvested at 48 h. In addition, spleen cells were concurrently assayed for chromosome aberrations. With the MN endpoint, spleen cells appeared more sensitive than bone marrow cells to the effects of CA due both to a lower background and an increased response. For @entity2 , bone marrow cells exhibited both a higher background of MN and a greater numerical response than did spleen cells. However, on the basis of a fold-increase over control values, spleen cells were more sensitive than bone marrow cells. In general, the MN endpoint appeared more sensitive than the @entity3 in spleen cells after treatment with CA or @entity2 . Thus, the approach described here shows greater potential in detecting genotoxicity.

title: An in vivo/in vitro method for assessing micronucleus and chromosome aberration induction in XXXX bone marrow and spleen. 2. Studies with @entity4 and @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The pattern of @entity5 in @entity1 survivors has not been investigated previously. We estimated the risk for an @entity5 after @entity1 in a large, population-based setting with outcome measures from comprehensive, nationwide health registries. METHODS: From the national @entity1 registries of Denmark, Iceland and Sweden, we identified 20   361 1-year survivors of @entity1 diagnosed before the age of 20 between the start of @entity1 registration in the 1940s and 1950s through 2008; 125   794 comparison subjects, matched by age, gender and country, were selected from national population registers. Study subjects were linked to the national hospital registers. Standardised hospitalisation rate ratios (SHRRs) and absolute excess risks (AERs) were calculated. RESULTS: Childhood @entity1 survivors had a significantly increased SHRR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.3 to 1.5) of all @entity5 combined, corresponding to an AER of 67 per 100   000 @entity0 -years. The SHRRs were significantly increased for autoimmune haemolytic @entity3 (16.3), @entity13 (13.9), @entity15 (5.8), chronic @entity14 (4.5), @entity11 (3.6), @entity12 (3.4), @entity10 (3.1), pernicious @entity3 (2.7), @entity2 (2.2), Sj  gren's syndrome (2.0) and @entity8 (1.6). The SHRRs for any @entity5 were significantly increased after @entity9 (SHRR 1.6), @entity6 (1.6), @entity4 (1.6) and @entity7 (1.4). CONCLUSIONS: Childhood @entity1 survivors are at increased risk for certain types of @entity5 . These findings underscore the need for prolonged follow-up of these survivors.

title: XXXX in Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS).

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although brainstem @entity1 are thought to portend an inferior prognosis compared to non-brainstem brain @entity1 , there is limited evidence to support this claim, particularly in the modern radiosurgical era. METHODS: We collected the clinical data for 500 @entity0 with brain @entity1 treated at our institution with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). All @entity0 received SRS to at least one brain metastasis, and all brainstem @entity1 underwent SRS. After propensity score matching, clinical characteristics and overall survival were calculated and compared between groups. RESULTS: Three hundred sixteen @entity0 with brain @entity1 were analyzed after matching (143 with brainstem involvement and 173 without). @entity0 with brainstem @entity1 lived shorter after first SRS than @entity0 without brainstem @entity1 did (median 4.4 and 6.5 months, respectively; P  = 0.01), and they were more likely to have received whole brain irradiation (P  = 0.003). @entity0 with a single metastasis did not survive longer than @entity0 with multiple brain @entity1 if there was brainstem involvement (P  = 0.45). The incidence of new @entity2 and severe @entity3 after SRS did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The survival of @entity0 with brain @entity1 is inferior after a metastatic lesion develops within the brainstem, despite favorable local control with brainstem SRS. The brainstem location should be considered a negative prognostic factor for survival after SRS, and it could result from the eloquence of this location. Future research could identify the clinically life-limiting component of brainstem @entity1 .

title: How Does Brainstem Involvement Affect Prognosis in XXXX with Limited Brain Metastases? Results of a Matched-Cohort Analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Several practice guidelines were published by French regulatory agencies between 2006 and 2009 to improve psychotropic drug use in older @entity0 . The objectives of the study were to assess compliance with these guidelines in older @entity0 hospitalized in @entity2 units and to identify characteristics associated with compliance. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 117 @entity0 aged 65 years and older hospitalized in two @entity2 departments of a public hospital, at three dates randomly chosen between January and May 2014. Medical and sociodemographic characteristics were collected from electronic medical records. In all, 8% of psychotropic prescriptions were compliant with guidelines. 98% of antidepressant prescriptions complied with guidelines for product selection (no tricyclics) and 72% for initial dosage (half of that recommended for younger adults). Regarding @entity3 , short half-life drugs were chosen in 73% of treatments, low maintenance dosage was found in 64% of treatments, and a discontinuous administration rhythm was noted in 33% of treatments. Regarding antipsychotics, initial dosage was a quarter of the allowed initial dosage for younger adults in 39% of prescriptions and metabolic blood testing was performed in 17% of prescriptions. @entity1 was monitored in 41% and 61% of prescriptions, respectively. Few clinical factors were found to be associated with compliance or noncompliance with guidelines in older @entity2 inpatients. Practice guidelines on psychotropic drug prescription were partially respected in older inpatients. Practitioners should take into account the risks associated with non-recommended patterns of psychotropic drug use in this vulnerable population. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Compliance of psychotropic drug prescription with clinical practice guidelines in older in- XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been no prospective large-scale multicenter epidemiological studies on the clinical course and treatment from the time of diagnosis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in Japan. The purpose of this study was to clarify the current clinical situation of IIP in Japan. METHODS: This study was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare to the Diffuse Lung Diseases Research Group. Data including clinical findings, course, and treatment of IIP from a web database created by a collaborative effort of medical institutions across Japan that specialize in the care of @entity1 were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 436 IIP @entity0 from 19 institutions were newly registered during a 5-year period. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was the most frequently encountered IIP, and 28% of the @entity2 cases were initially diagnosed by abnormal chest X-ray or CT in asymptomatic @entity0 . Until the 2008 fiscal year, no treatment was given for most cases of @entity2 . After the end of 2008, when @entity3 was approved for manufacture, the number of @entity0 for whom no treatment was recommended declined, and @entity3 therapy was initiated in 32.9% of cases in 2009. The median survival times for @entity2 from the onset symptoms and from the initial visit were 105 months and 69 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study should provide valuable information for understanding the current state of IIP in Japan.

title: A prospective survey of XXXX in a web registry in Japan.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The effects of adrenal @entity2 on synaptic plasticity were investigated in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Experiments were performed in either adrenalectomized or intact (non-adrenalectomized), anesthetized @entity0 . High-frequency stimulation was applied to the medial perforant pathway at three different frequencies; 100, 200 or 400 Hz, either post- or pre- and post-administration of the specific Type-II adrenal @entity1 receptor agonist @entity4 . High-frequency stimulation prior to @entity4 administration produced a frequency-dependent long-term potentiation of the population spike, with 100 Hz showing no long-term potentiation and 400 Hz the highest degree of potentiation. In contrast, following administration of @entity4 , high-frequency stimulation produced a long-term @entity3 (in comparison to baseline). In the experiments in which high-frequency stimulation was applied both pre- and post- @entity4 administration, the size of the population spike was initially potentiated and then depotentiated after the @entity4 injection. This effect was also frequency dependent, although opposite to the long-term potentiation effect. That is, 400 Hz was the least effective frequency for inducing long-term @entity3 /depotentiation, while 100 Hz was the most effective. Long-term @entity3 /depotentiation was immediate following high-frequency stimulation and lasted for the extent of the recording session, in some cases longer than 1 h. Similar to the finding reported in the accompanying paper, induction of long-term potentiation was substantially suppressed by @entity4 . However, in a number of experiments long-term potentiation could still be induced after @entity4 administration, even after long-term @entity3 /depotentiation had been established. In these cases, stimulation at the higher frequencies was necessary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Hippocampal homosynaptic long-term XXXX /depotentiation induced by adrenal @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effects of adrenal @entity2 on synaptic plasticity were investigated in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Experiments were performed in either adrenalectomized or intact (non-adrenalectomized), anesthetized @entity0 . High-frequency stimulation was applied to the medial perforant pathway at three different frequencies; 100, 200 or 400 Hz, either post- or pre- and post-administration of the specific Type-II adrenal @entity1 receptor agonist @entity4 . High-frequency stimulation prior to @entity4 administration produced a frequency-dependent long-term potentiation of the population spike, with 100 Hz showing no long-term potentiation and 400 Hz the highest degree of potentiation. In contrast, following administration of @entity4 , high-frequency stimulation produced a long-term @entity3 (in comparison to baseline). In the experiments in which high-frequency stimulation was applied both pre- and post- @entity4 administration, the size of the population spike was initially potentiated and then depotentiated after the @entity4 injection. This effect was also frequency dependent, although opposite to the long-term potentiation effect. That is, 400 Hz was the least effective frequency for inducing long-term @entity3 /depotentiation, while 100 Hz was the most effective. Long-term @entity3 /depotentiation was immediate following high-frequency stimulation and lasted for the extent of the recording session, in some cases longer than 1 h. Similar to the finding reported in the accompanying paper, induction of long-term potentiation was substantially suppressed by @entity4 . However, in a number of experiments long-term potentiation could still be induced after @entity4 administration, even after long-term @entity3 /depotentiation had been established. In these cases, stimulation at the higher frequencies was necessary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Hippocampal homosynaptic long-term @entity3 /depotentiation induced by adrenal XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Electrical stimulation of the distal stump of cut peripheral nerves is a commonly accepted way to evoke @entity3 . Nevertheless, the modulatory effect of biogenic @entity2 and vasoactive peptides released from efferent fibres can be excluded only if the dorsal roots are stimulated. The present study was focussed to investigate plasma extravasation in the appropriate skin and mucosal areas as well as in the genito-urinary organs in response to antidromic stimulation of the lumbar and sacral dorsal roots of the @entity0 . Plasma extravasation was detected by quantitative measurement of the accumulated Evans Blue tracer in tissue pieces. Two unilateral posterior roots were stimulated simultaneously (20 V, 0.5 ms, 5 Hz, 5 min) in each anaesthetized @entity0 . Intensive blueing response occurred in the following tissues: plantar glabrous skin, L4-L5 (L6); dorsum of the hindpaw and ankle joint, L2-L4; ventral surface of the thigh, L2-L4 (L1); abdominal skin, L1-L4; caudal nipples, L1-L2; root of the tail, S1 orifice of the vagina, S1 (L6); vagina, L2-L3, L5-S1; cervix and corpus uteri, L2-L3, L5-S1; lower two-thirds of the uterine horns, L1-L3; urinary bladder, L1-L3, L6-S1; rectum, L5-S1; scrotum (dorsal surface and lower pole), L6-S1; scrotum (ventral surface), L3-L5. No significant dye accumulation was observed in the muscles, testicles, vas deferens and prostate. Plasma extravasation caused by antidromic activation of the dorsal roots was absent or highly reduced after systemic @entity1 pretreatment of the @entity0 . @entity3 evoked by antidromic stimulation of the dorsal roots makes this method suitable for mapping the organs where @entity1 -sensitive sensory nerve endings exert their "efferent functions". This first functional description of segmental innervation of @entity1 -sensitive afferent fibres is in agreement with retrograde tracing studies and immunohistochemical localization of substance P in the dorsal root ganglia and peripheral tissues.

title: Plasma extravasation in the skin and pelvic organs evoked by antidromic stimulation of the lumbosacral dorsal roots of the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The prevalence and general characteristics of chronic symmetric symptomatic @entity2 were assessed in two elderly populations living in Varese, northern Italy, and San Giovanni Rotondo, southern Italy. We interviewed 4,191 subjects (3,027 in Varese and 1,164 in San Giovanni Rotondo), 55 years and older, seen in office consultations by 27 general practitioners. A neurologist examined 734 @entity0 who had two or more symptoms of @entity2 . A diagnosis of possible @entity2 (screening @entity4 and one of the following findings: bilateral impairment of strength; bilateral @entity5 ; bilateral @entity3 ) was made in 213 @entity0 (7.0%) in Varese and 94 (8.1%) in San Giovanni Rotondo. Probable @entity2 (screening symptoms and at least two of the physical findings) was present in 111 Varese @entity0 (3.7%) and 40 San Giovanni Rotondo @entity0 (3.4%). The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rate of probable @entity2 was 3.6 per 100 in Varese and 3.3 per 100 in San Giovanni Rotondo. The disease was more prevalent in @entity0 in Varese and in @entity0 in San Giovanni Rotondo and was significantly correlated with age in Varese. @entity1 was found in association with probable @entity2 in 43.7% of @entity0 . Muscle cramps and distal paresthesia were the main symptoms. In general, @entity2 was mild to moderate, @entity3 and sensation being the most common findings.

title: Chronic symmetric symptomatic XXXX in the elderly: a field screening investigation in two Italian regions. I. Prevalence and general characteristics of the sample. Italian General Practitioner Study Group (IGPSG).

answer: @entity2


abstract: The surgical treatment of @entity2 usually requires temporary clipping of the aneurysmatic vessel. In planning the surgical approach and in applying temporary clips, the surgeon must consider collateral circulations. The functional integrity of the collateral vessels frequently decides the @entity0 's outcome. In 8 @entity0 with internal carotid artery @entity2 , measurements of blood flow velocities in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery were performed preoperatively with transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) during manual occlusion of the carotid artery at the neck. Three different perfusion patterns were established, and each collateral capacity was rated as insufficient, temporarily sufficient, or long-term unproblematic. Surgical strategies were conceived. In one @entity0 with @entity2 of the middle cerebral artery the temporary occlusion test was not carried out preoperatively. Intraoperatively, collateral circulation was controlled using microvascular Doppler sonography (MVD). In 8 cases cortical blood flow (CoBF) was monitored by thermal diffusion flow probe and/or laser Doppler. In some cases, the complex pathological anatomy required a change in surgical strategy and a new MVD determination of collateral capacity. Despite these precautions 2 @entity0 suffered @entity1 of the basal ganglia and the white matter.

title: Pre- and intraoperative methods of controlling cerebral circulation in XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: An earlier controlled trial showed that over an average of 26 months, @entity5 slowed the progression of @entity1 . Following completion of the trial, the @entity0 continued to receive antihypertensive treatment according to ordinary clinical criteria. All but four @entity0 in the @entity5 group remained on that drug, and two @entity0 in the control group were switched to an @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibitor. In the present study the fate of the 70 @entity0 44 months after termination of the trial was investigated, with a total follow-up of around 7 years. In the original @entity5 group, 12 of the 35 @entity0 (34%) were alive without renal replacement therapy versus five of the 35 @entity0 (14%) in the control group. This difference of 20% in favour of having been in the @entity5 group in the original trial was significant (P = 0.05; 95% confidence limits 0.5-39.5%). The influence of baseline @entity3 on clinical outcome was analysed. In the original control group, baseline renal clearances of albumin (Calb) and immunoglobulin G (CIgG) were significantly lower in @entity0 surviving without renal replacement therapy at follow-up than in @entity0 who ultimately developed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (P < 0.05). In the original @entity5 group, these baseline clearances were equal in the two renal outcome groups. In all @entity0 , baseline Calb and CIgG were negatively correlated with the rate of change in GFR during the controlled trial (r = -0.37, P < 0.01 and r = -0.28, P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Late outcome of a controlled trial of XXXX treatment in progressive @entity1 . Hard end-points and influence of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: An earlier controlled trial showed that over an average of 26 months, @entity5 slowed the progression of @entity1 . Following completion of the trial, the @entity0 continued to receive antihypertensive treatment according to ordinary clinical criteria. All but four @entity0 in the @entity5 group remained on that drug, and two @entity0 in the control group were switched to an @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibitor. In the present study the fate of the 70 @entity0 44 months after termination of the trial was investigated, with a total follow-up of around 7 years. In the original @entity5 group, 12 of the 35 @entity0 (34%) were alive without renal replacement therapy versus five of the 35 @entity0 (14%) in the control group. This difference of 20% in favour of having been in the @entity5 group in the original trial was significant (P = 0.05; 95% confidence limits 0.5-39.5%). The influence of baseline @entity3 on clinical outcome was analysed. In the original control group, baseline renal clearances of albumin (Calb) and immunoglobulin G (CIgG) were significantly lower in @entity0 surviving without renal replacement therapy at follow-up than in @entity0 who ultimately developed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (P < 0.05). In the original @entity5 group, these baseline clearances were equal in the two renal outcome groups. In all @entity0 , baseline Calb and CIgG were negatively correlated with the rate of change in GFR during the controlled trial (r = -0.37, P < 0.01 and r = -0.28, P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Late outcome of a controlled trial of @entity5 treatment in progressive XXXX . Hard end-points and influence of @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: An earlier controlled trial showed that over an average of 26 months, @entity5 slowed the progression of @entity1 . Following completion of the trial, the @entity0 continued to receive antihypertensive treatment according to ordinary clinical criteria. All but four @entity0 in the @entity5 group remained on that drug, and two @entity0 in the control group were switched to an @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibitor. In the present study the fate of the 70 @entity0 44 months after termination of the trial was investigated, with a total follow-up of around 7 years. In the original @entity5 group, 12 of the 35 @entity0 (34%) were alive without renal replacement therapy versus five of the 35 @entity0 (14%) in the control group. This difference of 20% in favour of having been in the @entity5 group in the original trial was significant (P = 0.05; 95% confidence limits 0.5-39.5%). The influence of baseline @entity3 on clinical outcome was analysed. In the original control group, baseline renal clearances of albumin (Calb) and immunoglobulin G (CIgG) were significantly lower in @entity0 surviving without renal replacement therapy at follow-up than in @entity0 who ultimately developed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (P < 0.05). In the original @entity5 group, these baseline clearances were equal in the two renal outcome groups. In all @entity0 , baseline Calb and CIgG were negatively correlated with the rate of change in GFR during the controlled trial (r = -0.37, P < 0.01 and r = -0.28, P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Late outcome of a controlled trial of @entity5 treatment in progressive @entity1 . Hard end-points and influence of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Frailty is associated with poor outcomes for @entity0 on dialysis; however, previous studies have not taken into account the severity of frailty as a predictor of outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess if there was an association between the degree of frailty and mortality among @entity0 on incident dialysis. DESIGN, SETTING, @entity0 , _ MEASUREMENTS: A cohort study of incident chronic dialysis @entity0 was conducted between January of 2009 and June of 2013 (last follow-up in December of 2013). On the basis of overall clinical impression, the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) score was determined for @entity0 at the start of dialysis by their primary nephrologist. This simple scale allocates a single point to different states of frailty (1, very fit; 2, well; 3, managing well; 4, vulnerable; 5, mildly frail; 6, moderately frail; 7, severely frail or terminally ill) with an emphasis on function of the assessed individual. The primary outcome was time to @entity1 . @entity0 were censored at the time of transplantation. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 390 @entity0 with completed @entity3 scores (mean age of 63  15 years old). Most were Caucasian (89%) and @entity0 (67%), and 30% of @entity0 had @entity2 caused by @entity4 . The median Charlson Comorbidity Index score was 4 (interquartile range =3-6), and the median @entity3 score was 4 (interquartile range =2-5). There were 96 deaths over 750 @entity0 -years at risk. In an adjusted Cox survival analysis, the hazard ratio associated with each 1-point increase in the @entity3 was 1.22 (95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 1.43; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: A higher severity of frailty (as defined by the @entity3 ) at dialysis initiation is associated with higher mortality.

title: Frailty and Mortality in Dialysis: Evaluation of a XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) frequently complicates spontaneous intracerebral or @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Administration of intraventricular @entity4 (TPA) accelerates blood clearance, but optimal dosing has not been clarified. Using a standardized TPA dose, we assessed peak cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) TPA concentrations, the rate at which TPA clears, and the relationship between TPA concentration and biological activity. METHODS: Twelve @entity0 with @entity1 @entity2 and @entity3 , treated with endovascular coiling and ventricular drainage, were randomized to receive either 2  mg intraventricular TPA or placebo every 12  h (five doses). CT scans were performed 12, 48, and 72  h after initial administration, and blood was quantified using the @entity2 Sum and @entity3 Scores. CSF TPA and fibrin degradation product (D-dimer) concentrations were measured at baseline and 1, 6, and 12  h after the first dose using ELISA assays. RESULTS: Median CSF TPA concentrations in seven TPA-treated @entity0 were 525 (IQR 352-2129), 323 (233-413), and 47 (29-283) ng/ml, respectively, at 1, 6, and 12  h after drug administration. Peak concentrations varied markedly (401-8398  ng/ml). Two @entity0 still had slightly elevated levels (283-285  ng/ml) when the second dose was due after 12  h. There was no significant correlation between the magnitude of CSF TPA elevation and the rate of blood clearance or degree of D-dimer elevation. D-dimer peaked at 6  h, had declined by 12  h, and correlated strongly with radiographic @entity3 clearance (r  =  0.82, p  =  0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacokinetics of intraventricular TPA administration varies between individual @entity0 . TPA dose does not need to exceed 2  mg. The optimal administration interval is every 8-12  h.

title: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of XXXX Administered Through an External Ventricular Drain.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The effects of infusions of the @entity1 receptor (BZR) full agonist @entity3 ( @entity4 ) or the full inverse agonist @entity5 into the basal forebrain on behavioral vigilance were tested. Vigilance was measured by using a previously characterized task that requires the animals to discriminate between visual signals of variable length and non-signal events. Measures of performance included hits, misses, correct rejections, false alarms, side bias, and errors of omission. Following the infusion of saline (0.5 microliters/hemisphere), the relative number of hits varied with signal length. In response to shorter signals, the number of hits decreased over time, indicating a vigilance decrement. Infusions of @entity4 (20, 40 micrograms/hemisphere) initially decreased the relative number of hits in response to shorter signals and, later in the course of the test sessions, to longer signals as well. @entity4 did not affect the relative number of correct rejections. In contrast, infusions of the inverse agonist @entity5 (1.5, 3.0 micrograms/hemisphere) did not affect the relative number of hits but decreased the relative number of correct rejections (i.e., increased the number of false alarms). These data suggest that the basal forebrain mediates the attentional effects of BZR ligands. As systemic or intrabasalis administration of BZR agonists and inverse agonists was previously demonstrated to decrease and augment, respectively, activated cortical @entity0 ( @entity2 ) efflux, their effects on behavioral vigilance are hypothesized to be mediated via their effects on cortical @entity2 .

title: Dissociation between the attentional effects of infusions of a XXXX receptor agonist and an inverse agonist into the basal forebrain.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine variation in source of information about sexual matters by sociodemographic factors, and associations with sexual behaviours and outcomes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional probability sample survey. SETTING: British general population. @entity0 : 3408 @entity0 and @entity0 , aged 17-24   years, interviewed from 2010-2012 for third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main source of information (school, a parent, other); age and circumstances of first heterosexual intercourse; unsafe sex and distress about sex in past year; experience of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) diagnoses, @entity3 ( @entity0 only) ever. RESULTS: Citing school was associated with younger age, higher educational level and having lived with both parents. Citing a parent was associated, in @entity0 , with lower educational level and having lived with one parent. Relative to other sources, citing school was associated with older age at first sex (adjusted HR 0.73 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.83) @entity0 , 0.73 (0.65 to 0.82) @entity0 ), lower likelihood of unsafe sex (adjusted OR 0.58 (0.44 to 0.77) @entity0 , 0.69 (0.52 to 0.91) @entity0 ) and previous @entity2 diagnosis (0.55 (0.33 to 0.91) @entity0 , 0.58 (0.43 to 0.80) @entity0 ) and, in @entity0 , with lower likelihood of lack of sexual competence at first sex; and experience of non-volitional sex, abortion and distress about sex. Citing a parent was associated with lower likelihood of unsafe sex (0.53 (0.28 to 1.00) @entity0 ; 0.69 (0.48 to 0.99) @entity0 ) and, in @entity0 , previous @entity2 diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Gaining information mainly from school was associated with lower reporting of a range of negative @entity1 , particularly among @entity0 . Gaining information mainly from a parent was associated with some of these, but fewer cited parents as a primary source. The findings emphasise the benefit of school and parents providing information about sexual matters and argue for a stronger focus on the needs of @entity0 .

title: Associations between source of information about sex and XXXX in Britain: findings from the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3).

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate a percutaneous technique for in situ destruction of @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radio-frequency ablation was performed in 18 @entity0 with @entity2 (17 male, one female; age range, 8-42 years). Diagnosis was established by means of clinical and radiographic features and confirmed by means of needle biopsy findings. No attempt was made to remove the lesion. A small radio-frequency electrode introduced into the lesion through the biopsy track was used to produce thermal necrosis of a 1-cm sphere of tissue. RESULTS: Symptoms were completely relieved in 16 (89%) of 18 @entity0 . In one @entity0 , a second procedure was required for @entity1 relief. All but two @entity0 underwent treatment as outpatients: These two were hospitalized for 1 night only. All @entity0 resumed normal daily activities immediately. No casts or external supports were required; there were no complications. Twelve @entity0 were followed up for more than 1 year. There were no recurrences CONCLUSION: Radio-frequency ablation of @entity2 is a promising alternative to surgery in selected @entity0 .

title: XXXX : percutaneous radio-frequency ablation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective of the study was to determine whether HRCT criteria for @entity1 ( @entity1 ), possible @entity1 or no- @entity1 pattern recommended by ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT guidelines 2011 are able to predict progression and prognosis of the disease in a group of @entity0 with fibrotic @entity3 ( @entity3 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study conducted with the approval of the ethics committee. Two radiologists at baseline HRCT distributed 70 @entity0 with fibrotic @entity3 into three groups on the basis of the 2011 guidelines: @entity1 pattern (group 1), possible @entity1 pattern (group 2), inconsistent with @entity1 pattern (group 3). The different abnormalities (honeycombing, reticulation, ground-glass and traction @entity2 ), fibrotic score (reticulation  +  honeycombing) and overall CT score were visually scored at baseline and during the follow-up (total HRCT 178). The mortality rate of the three groups was compared. The baseline abnormalities were then correlated with the mortality rate in the @entity1 group. RESULTS: The inter-observer agreement in the classification of the abnormalities in the three groups was almost perfect (k  =  0.92). After consensus, 44 @entity0 were classified into group 1, 13 into group 2 and 13 into group 3. During a mean follow-up of 1386  days, overall CT score, fibrotic score, honeycombing and traction @entity2 showed a significant progression in group 1. The mortality rate was significantly higher in group 1 (18 deaths) versus group 2 and 3 (1 death each). In group 1, baseline honeycombing rate higher than 25  %, fibrotic score higher than 30, overall CT score greater than 45 and traction @entity2 in more than 4 lobes defined the worst prognosis. CONCLUSION: HRCT classification based on 2011 guidelines showed high accuracy in stratifying fibrotic changes because in our study @entity1 , possible @entity1 and inconsistent with @entity1 pattern seem to be correlated with different disease progression and mortality rate.

title: XXXX : do HRCT criteria established by ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT in 2011 predict disease progression and prognosis?

answer: @entity3


abstract: A 67-year-old @entity0 was admitted to our hospital by ambulance after @entity6 due to complete @entity5 . He had received surgical treatment for @entity10 of the right coronary artery 3 months before, with patch plasty of the right sinus of Valsalva and bypass grafting to the right coronary artery (RCA) as well as the left anterior descending branch. Computed tomography revealed @entity9 of the right Valsalva sinus of about 8 cm in diameter and a shunt flow to the right atrium. The previous bypass graft to RCA had been occluded due to compression by the @entity4 . As he was in a @entity8 state, emergency operation was performed. Cardiopulmonary bypass was first established, and after the rectal temperature reached to 26 degrees centigrade, the chest was opened. The @entity9 burst out when the sternum was re-opened. Under @entity7 , the ascending aorta was clamped, and then the circulation was resumed. The previous @entity3 pericardium patch repairing the Valsalva sinus was detached due to @entity2 and pus were observed in the @entity4 . At the bottom of the @entity4 , a fistula connected to the right atrium was found. Debridement around the @entity4 was performed as much as possible. The @entity1 was repaired with a Dacron patch immersed in gentian violet. The postoperative course was uneventful without any recurrence of @entity2 .

title: [Surgical treatment for XXXX of the sinus of valsalva ruptured into the right atrium after mycotic right coronary artery aneurysm repair;report of a case].

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is associated with decreased physical activity and increased rates of the @entity7 ( @entity7 ), a risk factor for the development of @entity5 2 @entity1 and @entity3 . Exercise training has been shown to improve @entity9 and @entity7 factors. Therefore, our study aimed at examining whether @entity0 receiving an exercise program as an adjunct to inpatient treatment will benefit in terms of physiological and psychological factors. METHOD: Fourty-two inpatients with moderate to severe @entity8 were included. Twenty-two @entity0 were randomized to additional 3x weekly exercise training (EXERCISE) and compared to treatment as usual (TAU). Exercise capacity was assessed as peak @entity2 uptake (VO2peak), ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) and workload expressed as Watts (W). @entity7 was defined according to NCEP ATPIII panel criteria. RESULTS: After 6 weeks of treatment, @entity9 (VO2peak, VAT, Watt), waist circumference and HDL @entity6 were significantly improved in EXERCISE @entity0 . Treatment response expressed as >= 50% MADRS reduction was more frequent in the EXERCISE group. CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive exercise training in @entity8 inpatients improves physical fitness, @entity7 factors, and psychological outcome. Given the association of @entity8 with @entity4 , exercise training is recommended as an adjunct to standard antidepressant treatment.

title: Effects of adjunctive exercise on physiological and psychological parameters in XXXX : A randomized pilot trial.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The preoperative evaluation of @entity2 involves endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET). With routine Barrett's oesophagus surveillance, superficial @entity1 are often identified. EUS, CT and PET have a limited role in the staging of superficial @entity1 . Standard EUS has limited accuracy, but high frequency ultrasound miniprobes are valuable for assessing @entity1 stage in superficial @entity1 . However, the best method for determining depth of invasion, and thereby stage of disease, is endoscopic mucosal resection. In contrast, in advanced @entity1 , a multi-modality approach is crucial. Accurate @entity1 staging is very important since the treatment of advanced @entity1 involves a combination of chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. EUS is very useful for staging of the @entity1 and nodes. High frequency ultrasound miniprobes provide the ability to perform staging when the lesion is obstructing the oesophageal lumen. CT and PET provide valuable information regarding node and @entity0 staging.

title: Preoperative evaluation of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aim: @entity1 is accompanied by @entity8 , which produces various @entity3 . While metabolic factors have been considered to promote the development of @entity6 in the early-stage of @entity1 , it remains unknown whether the presence of @entity2 in early-stage diabetics affects the natural history of @entity6 . We herein investigated the characteristics of the disease substrate in @entity2 early-stage diabetics.Methods: The DIANA ( @entity1 and diffuse coronary NArrowing) study was a serial evaluation of angiographic disease progression in early-stage diabetics with @entity6 . A total of 252 study subjects were stratified into @entity2 (n=168) and @entity2 groups (n=84). @entity2 in Japanese subjects was defined as a body mass index >= 25 kg/m(2) according to the statement about Japanese @entity2 from the Japan Society for the Study of @entity2 . Coronary atherosclerotic changes were evaluated by a quantitative computed analysis. The total lesion length ( @entity9 =total length of all @entity7 ) was compared between the groups.Results: The @entity2 @entity0 were younger (p=0.0002) and had higher levels of fasting (p=0.002) and postprandial insulin (p=0.01), and higher @entity4 levels (p=0.02). On serial angiographic evaluations, @entity2 @entity0 had greater disease progression, reflected by a larger percent change in the @entity9 (24.7  13.7 vs. 7.4  10.0%, p=0.04). However, the improvement of abnormal @entity5 tolerance was associated with a slowing of disease progression in both @entity2 (-0.9  10.7 vs.    15.0  11.2%, p=0.04) and @entity2 (   4.2  22.8 vs.    55.5  26.5%, p=0.005) @entity0 .Conclusions: Obese @entity0 with early-stage @entity1 exhibit profound disease progression. Glycemic control attenuated the progression of their @entity6 . Our findings indicate progressive but modifiable disease in @entity2 early-stage diabetics under optimal glycemic management.

title: Atheroma Progression in Obese Early-stage Diabetic Japanese XXXX in Response to Glycemic Control: Sub-analysis from the DIANA Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Anterior decompression and fusion is a valuable technique in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst @entity2 . Anterior instrumentation has evolved to @entity1 and stabilize the spinal segments during decompression and bone grafting as a single-stage procedure. One anterior device developed by Kaneda has been used in our institution since 1989. This study is an initial review of our experience with this instrumentation. Anterior decompression and fusion augmented with the Kaneda device was performed in 20 @entity0 with thoracolumbar burst @entity2 . Timing of surgery was early (< 15 days) in 13 @entity0 , intermediate (16 to 120 days) in 2, and delayed (> 121 days) in 5. Sixteen @entity0 were neurologically intact (Eismont grade D), 3 with distal weakness (Eismont grade B or C) and 1 with complete @entity4 (Eismont grade A). All @entity0 with deficits recovered one Eismont grade after anterior decompression and fusion. Complications included @entity3 in 2 @entity0 , a thoracic duct laceration requiring ligation, and a sympathectomy effect of the lower extremity. One @entity0 had a @entity3 and developed a @entity5 at the graft harvest site while on anticoagulants with resultant @entity7 paresthetica. There have been three screw failures and one definite @entity6 . Anterior decompression and fusion supplemented by the Kaneda device was performed on 20 @entity0 with thoracolumbar burst @entity2 . The average correction of kyphosis was approximately 50% acutely, with loss of approximately 50% of correction at follow up. In some @entity0 , @entity1 was created by the device. No effect on neurologic recovery could be shown with this small series. Perioperative complication rate was 30%, and 1 @entity0 developed @entity6 .

title: Anterior stabilization of thoracolumbar burst XXXX using the Kaneda device: a preliminary report.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The clinical consequences of accurately identifying @entity2 ( @entity2 ) status in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are unclear. We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of N stage, positive @entity2 (PLN) count, and the positive @entity2 ratio (LNR). We also retrospectively compared survival outcomes of @entity1 @entity0 stratified by @entity2 dissection (LND). RESULTS: LND was performed in 1593 @entity0 . The @entity3 was significantly different between groups divided according to N stage, PLN, and LNR in @entity1 @entity0 who underwent LND. Lower LNR was an independent predictor of longer survival in all kinds of @entity0 cohorts, whereas PLN was not such a predictor. PLN count correlated with LND number and LNR. No correlation existed between LNR and LND number. Undergoing LND and having a higher number of dissected LNs were associated with superior @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 1889 @entity1 @entity0 treated between 2004 and 2009, and documented in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry, were reviewed. Pearson's correlation coefficient and the Chi-square test were used to study the relationships between LND number, PLN count, N stage, and the LNR. @entity3 was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, with the log-rank test performed for univariate analysis (UVA) and the Cox proportional hazards model employed for multivariate analysis (MVA). CONCLUSION: @entity2 metastatic variables play important roles in the prognostic evaluation and treatment decisions of @entity1 @entity0 . Accurate identification of @entity2 status in @entity1 @entity0 is critical. LND performance is associated with increased survival and has clinical practicability.

title: Clinical significance of accurate identification of XXXX status in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The clinical consequences of accurately identifying @entity2 ( @entity2 ) status in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are unclear. We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of N stage, positive @entity2 (PLN) count, and the positive @entity2 ratio (LNR). We also retrospectively compared survival outcomes of @entity1 @entity0 stratified by @entity2 dissection (LND). RESULTS: LND was performed in 1593 @entity0 . The @entity3 was significantly different between groups divided according to N stage, PLN, and LNR in @entity1 @entity0 who underwent LND. Lower LNR was an independent predictor of longer survival in all kinds of @entity0 cohorts, whereas PLN was not such a predictor. PLN count correlated with LND number and LNR. No correlation existed between LNR and LND number. Undergoing LND and having a higher number of dissected LNs were associated with superior @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 1889 @entity1 @entity0 treated between 2004 and 2009, and documented in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry, were reviewed. Pearson's correlation coefficient and the Chi-square test were used to study the relationships between LND number, PLN count, N stage, and the LNR. @entity3 was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, with the log-rank test performed for univariate analysis (UVA) and the Cox proportional hazards model employed for multivariate analysis (MVA). CONCLUSION: @entity2 metastatic variables play important roles in the prognostic evaluation and treatment decisions of @entity1 @entity0 . Accurate identification of @entity2 status in @entity1 @entity0 is critical. LND performance is associated with increased survival and has clinical practicability.

title: Clinical significance of accurate identification of @entity2 status in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To verify changes in vocal behavior of @entity6 @entity0 and components of @entity3 and @entity4 symptoms before and after voice therapy. STUDY DESIGN: It is an uncontrolled clinical trial on individuals with @entity6 who attended voice therapy at the outpatient clinic of a hospital in southern Brazil. METHODS: Statistical analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests, assuming maximum significance level of 5% (P   <=  0.05), SPSS 16.0. All @entity0 underwent otorhinolaryngologic assessment for @entity1 diagnosis. @entity5 (GRBAS scale) and the Hospital @entity3 and @entity4 Scale were applied before and after voice therapy. RESULTS: Sixty-eight @entity0 , 23 of whom were @entity0 (33.82%), mean age of 49  years (standard deviation      19.14). The number of voice therapy sessions varied according to each case, with a mean of 10.31 (standard deviation      5.32). The comparisons between psychological or @entity2 referral and @entity0 ' age revealed statistical significance, suggesting that younger @entity0 were referred to the specialties because they were suspected potential clinical cases. Comparisons between voice parameters, @entity3 and @entity4 scores before and after voice therapy showed statistically significant findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the presence of emotional symptoms in @entity6 @entity0 and indicated that voice therapy is effective to improve voice quality and to early detect and help reduce @entity3 and @entity4 symptoms. It also highlights the influence of psychological and @entity2 referral on emotional symptoms. The need for controlled trials and the importance of interdisciplinary interventions in this area for the complete care of individuals with @entity6 is pointed out.

title: Measurement of Voice Quality, @entity3 and XXXX Symptoms After Speech Therapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To verify changes in vocal behavior of @entity6 @entity0 and components of @entity3 and @entity4 symptoms before and after voice therapy. STUDY DESIGN: It is an uncontrolled clinical trial on individuals with @entity6 who attended voice therapy at the outpatient clinic of a hospital in southern Brazil. METHODS: Statistical analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests, assuming maximum significance level of 5% (P   <=  0.05), SPSS 16.0. All @entity0 underwent otorhinolaryngologic assessment for @entity1 diagnosis. @entity5 (GRBAS scale) and the Hospital @entity3 and @entity4 Scale were applied before and after voice therapy. RESULTS: Sixty-eight @entity0 , 23 of whom were @entity0 (33.82%), mean age of 49  years (standard deviation      19.14). The number of voice therapy sessions varied according to each case, with a mean of 10.31 (standard deviation      5.32). The comparisons between psychological or @entity2 referral and @entity0 ' age revealed statistical significance, suggesting that younger @entity0 were referred to the specialties because they were suspected potential clinical cases. Comparisons between voice parameters, @entity3 and @entity4 scores before and after voice therapy showed statistically significant findings. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the presence of emotional symptoms in @entity6 @entity0 and indicated that voice therapy is effective to improve voice quality and to early detect and help reduce @entity3 and @entity4 symptoms. It also highlights the influence of psychological and @entity2 referral on emotional symptoms. The need for controlled trials and the importance of interdisciplinary interventions in this area for the complete care of individuals with @entity6 is pointed out.

title: Measurement of Voice Quality, XXXX and @entity4 Symptoms After Speech Therapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 is a global public health problem. The National Hip Fracture Database provides a framework for service evaluation in this group of @entity0 in the United Kingdom, but does not collect @entity0 -reported outcome data and is unable to provide meaningful data about the recovery of quality of life. We report one-year @entity0 -reported outcomes of a prospective cohort of @entity0 treated at a single major @entity2 centre in the United Kingdom who sustained a @entity3 between January 2012 and March 2014. There was an initial marked decline in quality of life from baseline measured using the EuroQol 5 Dimensions score (EQ-5D). It was followed by a significant improvement to 120 days for all @entity0 . Although their quality of life improved during the year after the @entity4 , it was still significantly lower than before injury irrespective of age group or @entity1 (mean reduction EQ-5D 0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17 to 0.26). There was strong evidence that quality of life was lower for @entity0 with @entity1 . There was a mean reduction in EQ-5D of 0.28 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.35) in @entity0 <  80 years of age. This difference was consistent (and fixed) throughout follow-up. Quality of life does not improve significantly during recovery from @entity3 in @entity0 over 80 years of age (p = 0.928). Secondary measures of function showed similar trends. @entity3 marks a step down in the quality of life of a @entity0 : it accounts for approximately 0.22 disability adjusted life years in the first year after @entity4 . This is equivalent to serious neurological conditions for which extensive funding for research and treatment is made available. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:372-82.

title: Recovery of health-related quality of life in a United Kingdom XXXX population: the Warwick Hip Trauma Evaluation - a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To report on normal tissues morbidity following IMRT for @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The first 61 @entity0 of a prospective series were included. 50Gy to the @entity3 1(pelvis) and 60Gy to the @entity3 2 (centro-pelvic disease and GTV nodes) were delivered concomitantly in 28 fractions, followed by a brachytherapy boost. For the small bowel, 50Gy was the maximal dose, while V45 and V40 had to be <50cc and 200cc, respectively. For the bladder, rectum and sigmoid structures, 60Gy was the maximal dose, and V45 and V40 had to be <20% and <50%. Acute and late @entity2 data were prospectively collected. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 40months (range: 23-60). 30% and 90% of acute and moderate late side effects were reported respectively. Considering the AUC data of the organs at risk (OAR) DVH, late morbidity and doses were significantly linked (p   0.03), predominantly between 10Gy and 40Gy, considering the small bowel and sigmoid colon. The high dose regions exhibited no significant impact. CONCLUSION: The moderate dose volumes represent the predominant cause of morbidity after IMRT. Prospective trials are thus required to investigate new ways of dose distribution within the OAR.

title: What is the normal tissues morbidity following Helical Intensity Modulated Radiation Treatment for XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 with chronic @entity1 frequently experience cardiovascular events. This study sought to investigate whether the presence of @entity3 displays a vascular risk equivalent to that in @entity0 with prior @entity2 . METHODS: @entity3 was defined as a urinary albumin to @entity4 ratio of 30   g/mg or greater in 852 consecutive @entity0 undergoing coronary angiography. Prospectively, we recorded vascular events over 3.2      1.2 years. RESULTS: From our @entity0 , 513 (60.2%) had neither @entity3 nor a history of MI, 126 (14.8%) had @entity3 without prior MI, 137 (16.1%) did not have @entity3 but had a history of MI, and 76 (8.9%) had both, @entity3 and prior MI. Compared with the incidence of the composite endpoint among normoalbuminuric @entity0 with no prior MI (11.9%), event rates nearly doubled both in @entity0 with @entity3 without prior MI (24.6%; p  =  0.003) and in normoalbuminuric @entity0 with a history of prior MI (21.2%; p  =  0.004) and were highest in @entity0 with both, @entity3 and prior MI (36.8%; p  <  0.001). Importantly, event rates were not significantly different between @entity0 with @entity3 and no prior history of MI and those with normoalbuminuria but prior MI (p  =  0.972). Moreover, the event rate in @entity0 with both, @entity3 and history of MI, was significantly higher (p  <  0.05) than in the two groups exhibiting only one of the two conditions. CONCLUSION: This is the first study demonstrating that @entity3 is a CAD risk equivalent. Thus, cardiovascular risk factors in albuminuric @entity0 should be treated as aggressively as in @entity0 with prior MI.

title: Is XXXX a @entity2 risk equivalent for atherothrombotic events?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 with chronic @entity1 frequently experience cardiovascular events. This study sought to investigate whether the presence of @entity3 displays a vascular risk equivalent to that in @entity0 with prior @entity2 . METHODS: @entity3 was defined as a urinary albumin to @entity4 ratio of 30   g/mg or greater in 852 consecutive @entity0 undergoing coronary angiography. Prospectively, we recorded vascular events over 3.2      1.2 years. RESULTS: From our @entity0 , 513 (60.2%) had neither @entity3 nor a history of MI, 126 (14.8%) had @entity3 without prior MI, 137 (16.1%) did not have @entity3 but had a history of MI, and 76 (8.9%) had both, @entity3 and prior MI. Compared with the incidence of the composite endpoint among normoalbuminuric @entity0 with no prior MI (11.9%), event rates nearly doubled both in @entity0 with @entity3 without prior MI (24.6%; p  =  0.003) and in normoalbuminuric @entity0 with a history of prior MI (21.2%; p  =  0.004) and were highest in @entity0 with both, @entity3 and prior MI (36.8%; p  <  0.001). Importantly, event rates were not significantly different between @entity0 with @entity3 and no prior history of MI and those with normoalbuminuria but prior MI (p  =  0.972). Moreover, the event rate in @entity0 with both, @entity3 and history of MI, was significantly higher (p  <  0.05) than in the two groups exhibiting only one of the two conditions. CONCLUSION: This is the first study demonstrating that @entity3 is a CAD risk equivalent. Thus, cardiovascular risk factors in albuminuric @entity0 should be treated as aggressively as in @entity0 with prior MI.

title: Is @entity3 a XXXX risk equivalent for atherothrombotic events?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Doppler-based renal @entity2 ( @entity2 ) might help in distinguishing transient from persistent @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The main objective of these systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the diagnostic performance of @entity2 in predicting short-term reversibility of @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review of the literature was performed. Relevant studies were identified in Pubmed and Cochrane databases covering the years 1985 to 2013 and reviewed independently by 3 authors. Renal transplant recipients were excluded from this analysis. The summary estimates were computed using a random-effects model based on the DerSimonian and Lair meta-analytic method. RESULTS: Among the 154 unique articles identified, 9 studies were included. Of the 176 @entity0 in these studies with elevated @entity2 or pulsatility index, 146 (83%) had a persistent @entity1 vs 44 (16%) of the 273 @entity0 with normal values. Elevated @entity2 or pulsatility index was associated with an increased risk of persistent @entity1 (odds ratio, 29.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.73-102.16; P < .00001) with significant heterogeneity (I(2) = 75.0%, P < .0001). The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.83 (95% CI, 0.77-0.88) and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.79-0.88). The summary positive and negative likelihood ratios were 4.9 (95% CI, 2.44-9.87) and 0.21 (95% CI, 0.11-0.41). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that an elevated @entity2 may be a predictor of persistent @entity1 in critically ill @entity0 . Further studies are warranted, however, to clarify the exact test performance given the marked heterogeneity among the included studies.

title: Doppler-based renal XXXX for prediction of renal dysfunction reversibility: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Synovial tissue can display an inflammatory response in the presence of @entity1 . There is increasing interest to better understand the role of @entity0 in @entity1 , particularly with regard to those who require joint replacement. A systematic review of @entity0 in @entity1 of literature databases was undertaken from their inception until October 14, 2014. Independent critical appraisal of each study was undertaken using the CASP appraisal tool. From a total of sixty-six identified citations, twenty-three studies were deemed eligible for review. The studies presented moderate to strong methodological quality. Strong correlation was identified between histological and imaging @entity2 severity. Correlation was weaker between clinical symptoms and imaging and/or histological @entity2 severity. There was little consensus, with regard to expressed cytokines and chemokines at the different stages of @entity1 disease progression. Few studies investigated the influence of @entity0 on the outcome of major joint replacement. Research into @entity0 in @entity1 is an emerging field. Longitudinal studies applying proven imaging modalities, histological analysis, and longer follow-up are required in order to further define our understanding of the role of @entity2 in the pathogenesis of @entity1 and its effects on outcomes following major joint replacement.

title: A Systematic Review Investigating the Presence of Inflammatory XXXX in Hip and Knee Joint Replacement Surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To understand factors related to recruitment to behavioral intervention trials among Spanish-speaking urban @entity0 (BC) survivors. METHODS: Potentially eligible Hispanic BC survivors were recruited from the Columbia University Breast Oncology Clinic, signed informed consent, and completed a screening interview on demographics, medical history, acculturation (Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics), quality of life (QOL), and perceived benefits/risks of research participation. Trial eligibility criteria included stage 0-III BC, completion of adjuvant treatment, Hispanic, fluency in Spanish, willing to be randomized to active arm (9-session in- @entity1 culturally-based   Cocinar para su salud! dietary modification program) or control arm (written materials). We compared characteristics between eligible @entity1 who did and did not enroll in the trial. RESULTS: 102 @entity1 completed the screening interview and were eligible to participate. Overall mean age was 57.3  9.5 years, mean time since diagnosis was 3.4  2.1 years, 71% reported annual household income < 15,000 and mean acculturation index score was 1.6  0.6 (scale 1-5, low-high). Of the 102 @entity1 , 70 enrolled and 32 declined participation. Reasons stated for non-participation included lack of interest in dietary change, illness, and work constraints. Compared to @entity1 who enrolled, @entity1 who did not enroll were less likely to be employed (P=0.03) and more likely to only read/speak Spanish (P=0.02). Compared to @entity1 who enrolled, non-enrollers were more likely to state that research is costly to @entity1 (P=0.03). CONCLUSION: Lower participation was associated with unemployment, monolingualism, and the perception that research is costly to @entity1 . Future behavioral intervention trials among minority BC survivors need to account for these and other factors that may be related to trial participation.

title: Barriers and facilitators to recruitment to a culturally-based dietary intervention among urban XXXX survivors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is mounting evidence that burnout is a risk factor for @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Stress-related dysregulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system and the @entity3 may explain the enhanced risk for @entity1 . To test this hypothesis, 55 @entity0 (34 males and 21 females) with burnout on sickness absence and 40 healthy @entity0 (16 males and 24 females) were exposed to a psychosocial stressor consisting of mental arithmetic and public speech. Physiological variables (i.e., blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, vascular resistance, @entity2 , and alpha-amylase) were measured. Basal levels, reactivity, and recovery were compared between groups. In male @entity0 , baseline systolic blood pressure was higher, whereas basal alpha-amylase and @entity2 reactivity were lower than in healthy males. In female @entity0 , a tendency for lower basal @entity2 was found as compared to healthy females. Furthermore, reduced basal heart rate variability and a trend for elevated basal cardiac output were observed in both male and female @entity0 . Burnout is characterised by dysregulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system and the @entity3 , which was more pronounced in males than in females. This study further supports burnout as being a risk factor for @entity1 through dysregulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system and the @entity3 .

title: Burnout Is Associated with Reduced Parasympathetic Activity and Reduced XXXX Responsiveness, Predominantly in Males.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose. To compare the ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) lowering effects of preservative-free tafluprost and @entity4 - @entity3 fixed combination (DTFC) using dynamic contour tonometry. Methods. In total, 66 eyes of 66 @entity0 with normal tension @entity2 (NTG) (n = 34) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (n = 32) were included. @entity0 were divided into two groups: the preservative-free @entity5 -treated group (n = 33) and the preservative-free DTFC-treated group (n = 33). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT). OPA was measured using dynamic contour tonometry; corrected OPA (cOPA) was calculated at baseline and at 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Results. After 6 months of treatment, tafluprost significantly reduced IOP (P < 0.001). The OPA lowering effects differed significantly between the two treatment groups (P = 0.003). The cOPA-lowering effect of tafluprost (1.09   mmHg) was significantly greater than that of DTFC (0.36   mmHg) after 6 months of treatment (P = 0.01). Conclusions. Tafluprost and DTFC @entity2 treatments provided marked OPA and IOP lowering effects. Tafluprost had a greater effect than DTFC; thus, this drug is recommended for @entity0 at risk of @entity2 progression, due to the high OPA caused by large fluctuations in IOP.

title: Comparison of Ocular Pulse Amplitude Lowering Effects of Preservative-Free Tafluprost and Preservative-Free @entity4 - XXXX Fixed Combination Eyedrops.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose. To compare the ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) lowering effects of preservative-free tafluprost and @entity4 - @entity3 fixed combination (DTFC) using dynamic contour tonometry. Methods. In total, 66 eyes of 66 @entity0 with normal tension @entity2 (NTG) (n = 34) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (n = 32) were included. @entity0 were divided into two groups: the preservative-free @entity5 -treated group (n = 33) and the preservative-free DTFC-treated group (n = 33). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT). OPA was measured using dynamic contour tonometry; corrected OPA (cOPA) was calculated at baseline and at 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Results. After 6 months of treatment, tafluprost significantly reduced IOP (P < 0.001). The OPA lowering effects differed significantly between the two treatment groups (P = 0.003). The cOPA-lowering effect of tafluprost (1.09   mmHg) was significantly greater than that of DTFC (0.36   mmHg) after 6 months of treatment (P = 0.01). Conclusions. Tafluprost and DTFC @entity2 treatments provided marked OPA and IOP lowering effects. Tafluprost had a greater effect than DTFC; thus, this drug is recommended for @entity0 at risk of @entity2 progression, due to the high OPA caused by large fluctuations in IOP.

title: Comparison of Ocular Pulse Amplitude Lowering Effects of Preservative-Free Tafluprost and Preservative-Free XXXX - @entity3 Fixed Combination Eyedrops.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) Protocol B-06, a clinical trial sponsored by the National @entity2 Institute (NCI), has provided evidence of the value of lumpectomy and breast irradiation for treating @entity1 with @entity0 in an early stage. Publicity generated by the discovery that the study included fraudulent data on @entity1 enrolled by St. Luc Hospital in Montreal aroused concern about the overall accuracy of the data and conclusions. To address this concern, the NCI conducted an audit of other participating institutions. METHODS: In 1994, data on 1554 of the 1809 randomized @entity1 (85.9 percent) enrolled by centers other than St. Luc Hospital were audited at 37 clinical sites in North America. The audit included data on eligibility, survival, disease-free survival, the length of time to a recurrence of @entity2 in the ipsilateral breast, and documentation of signed informed consent. RESULTS: End points were assessed for all 1554 @entity1 , and eligibility was assessed for 1507 @entity1 ; 47 @entity1 were excluded because their forms were not complete or not returned. A total of 1429 @entity1 had their eligibility status verified. Of a total of 7770 data points examined with respect to the number of positive nodes at base line, treatment characteristics, first events (excluding death), recurrence of @entity2 in the ipsilateral breast, and survival, 7577 (97.5 percent) were verified, 123 (1.6 percent) could not be verified, and 70 (0.9 percent) were discrepant with the NSABP file. Of the 1554 @entity1 , 1340 (86.2 percent) had all audited items (including eligibility) verified, 69 (4.4 percent) had at least one discrepant item, and 113 (7.3 percent) had at least one unverified item (as a result of missing or incomplete data); 32 (2.1 percent) were not assessed for eligibility but had no other discrepant or unverifiable items. Written informed consent was documented for 1098 @entity1 before surgery and 210 after surgery; no date appeared on the signed form for 137. The informed-consent status was not verified for 71 @entity1 and could not be determined for 38. The rates of verification of end-point data and documentation of written informed consent were similar among the total-mastectomy group, the lumpectomy group, and the group treated by lumpectomy and breast irradiation. CONCLUSIONS: The audit confirms the adequacy of the data on which the reanalysis of Protocol B-06 and the results after 12 years of follow-up are based.

title: The National XXXX Institute audit of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol B-06.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a public health problem and older @entity0 have higher incidence of this symptom, which affect body balance, functional capacity and behavior. The purpose of this study was to verifying the effect of exercises with Nintendo Wii on @entity2 , functional capacity and mood of elderly. Thirty older @entity0 (68    4 years; 68    12 kg; 154    5 cm) with @entity2 participated in this study. Elderly individuals were divided into a Control Exercise Group (n = 14) and an Experimental Wii Group (n = 16). Control Exercise Group did strength exercises and core training, while Experimental Wii Group did ones additionally to exercises with Wii. @entity2 , balance, functional capacity and mood were assessed pre and post training by the numeric @entity1 scale, Wii Balance Board, sit to stand test and Profile of Mood States, respectively. Training lasted eight weeks and sessions were performed three times weekly. MANOVA 2 x 2 showed no interaction on @entity1 , siting, stand-up and mood (P = 0.53). However, there was significant difference within groups (P = 0.0001). ANOVA 2 x 2 showed no interaction for each variable (P > 0.05). However, there were significant differences within groups in these variables (P < 0.05). Tukey's post-hoc test showed significant difference in @entity1 on both groups (P = 0.0001). Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests identified no significant differences on balance (P > 0.01). Capacity to Sit improved only in Experimental Wii Group (P = 0.04). In conclusion, physical exercises with Nintendo Wii Fit Plus additional to strength and core training were effective only for sitting capacity, but effect size was small.

title: Wii-Workouts on chronic pain, physical capabilities and mood of older XXXX : A randomized controlled double blind trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity8 (AM) is an @entity9 compound isolated from honey medicinal mushroom, Armillaria mellea, which has anti- @entity1 potential. This study was designed to examine the effects of AM on differentiation and activation macrophages, the major ontogeny of innate immunity. Macrophages were derived from @entity7 + monocytes which were sorted from @entity0 peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Cell viability was assessed by @entity4 exclusion test. Cells were stained with Liu's dye for observation of morphology. Expression of surface antigens was examined by flow cytometric analysis. Phagocytosis and generation of reactive @entity2 species (ROS), as functional assays, were evaluated by counting engulfed @entity3 and DCFH-DA reaction. The viability of macrophages was not significantly reduced by AM. AM at nontoxic concentrations markedly increased cytoplasmic vacuoles. The expression of surface @entity7 , @entity5 , @entity6 , and HLA-DR was suppressed. The phagocytosis function, but not ROS production, of macrophages was inhibited by AM. @entity8 could inhibit the differentiation and activation of @entity0 macrophages. It may have potential to be developed as a biological response modifier for inflammatory diseases.

title: XXXX , a Honey Medicinal Mushroom, Armillaria mellea (Higher Basidiomycetes) Component, Inhibits Differentiation and Activation of @entity0 Macrophages.

answer: @entity8