abstract: @entity4 complicates 6% to 10% of parturients and is manifested as nightmares, physical complaints and difficulties in concentrating on work or on family activities. Very often fear of childbirth leads to request for an elective cesarean section (CS). In Finland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, fear of childbirth or maternal request is the reason for about 7-22% of CS births. @entity4 is as common in nulliparous as in parous @entity0 . Fear of @entity2 is strongly associated with the fear of @entity2 in general, and a previous complicated childbirth or inadequate @entity2 relief are the most common reasons for requesting a CS among parous @entity0 . Previous psychological morbidity and a great number of daily stressors expose a @entity0 to a great risk of fear of childbirth. @entity4 is not an isolated problem but associated with the @entity0 's personal characteristics, mainly general @entity1 , low self-esteem, and @entity3 , and dissatisfaction with their partnership, and lack of support. Also the partners of @entity0 with fear have a certain pattern of low psychological well-being, resulting in low life-satisfaction, dissatisfaction with partnerships, and @entity3 . A vivid debate about the @entity0 's right to choose the mode of delivery is going on in obstetric literature, but discussion on the reasons for @entity0 to request a CS, or on the possibilities to help them overcome the fear of vaginal childbirth is scanty. Preliminary Swedish and Finnish reports demonstrated the results of treatment during pregnancy, when more than half of the @entity0 withdrew their request after being able to discuss their @entity1 and fear, and vaginal deliveries after treatment were successful.

title: XXXX : a neglected dilemma.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is one of the commonest reasons for gynecologic consultations. Inhibitors of fibrinolysis and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are generally used as therapy for the condition with an acceptable response in some @entity0 . Endometrial ablation is one choice in @entity0 suffering from @entity1 . It can be performed in @entity0 with no endometrial histological or anatomical pathology. In this method, the functional endometrial tissue is ablated under general anesthesia in an outpatient setting. METHODS: We compared two methods that are widely used in Finland (Menotreat and Cavaterm) in thermoablation of endometrial tissue in 31 @entity0 that were randomized into two treatment groups. RESULTS: Endometrial ablation was effective in the treatment of @entity1 in @entity0 with normal endometrial structure. About 70% of the @entity0 described the result of the treatment as 'very good'. Only one @entity0 underwent a hysterectomy during the 6-month follow-up period because of problems related to @entity2 . The two methods were similar in efficacy and @entity0 acceptance. CONCLUSIONS: Both thermoablation techniques were well accepted by our @entity0 and showed similar and good efficacy and @entity0 acceptance.

title: Endometrial thermoablation for treatment of XXXX : comparison of two methods in outpatient setting.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE: To establish outcome measures for recovery and chronic @entity1 for studies with @entity0 who present with recent-onset @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in primary care. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Among back @entity1 researchers, no consensus exists about outcome definitions or how to identify primary-care @entity0 as not-recovered from an episode of @entity2 . Cut points for outcome scales have mostly been arbitrarily chosen. Theoretical models for establishing minimal important change values in studies of @entity0 with @entity2 have been proposed and need to be applied to real data. METHODS: A sample of 521 @entity0 who presented with acute @entity2 (<4 weeks) in primary care clinics were observed for 6 months and scores for @entity1 and disability were compared with ratings on a Global Perceived Effect Scale. Using multiple potential "gold standards" as anchors (reference standards), the receiver operating characteristic method was used to determine optimal cut points for different ways of defining nonrecovery from acute @entity2 . RESULTS: Minimal important change values and upper limits for @entity1 and disability scores as well as minimal important percentage changes are presented for five different definitions of recovery. A previously suggested 30% change from baseline scores does not accurately discriminate between recovered @entity0 and nonrecovered @entity0 in @entity0 presenting with acute @entity2 in primary care. CONCLUSION: Outcome definitions that combine ratings from perceived recovery scales with @entity1 and disability measures provide the highest accuracy in discriminating recovered @entity0 from nonrecovered @entity0 .

title: Acute XXXX and primary care: how to define recovery and chronification?

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To report on 1-year visual, anatomical, and angiographic responses with intravitreal bevacizumab for the treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: @entity0 with macula-involved, symptomatic @entity2 with initial best-corrected visual acuity of 20/400 or better and a minimal follow-up period of 12 months were retrospectively enrolled. Eyes were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (2.5 mg) at baseline and monitored monthly for best-corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness (by optical coherence tomography). Indocyanine green angiography was evaluated on a 6-month basis. Eyes were retreated on an "as-needed" basis according to visual and anatomical changes. RESULTS: A total of 35 eyes of 33 @entity0 were treated with a mean of 3.3 (range, 1-8) times of injection. Best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved from a mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution of 0.79    0.42 at baseline (Snellen equivalent, 20/123) to 0.69    0.47 (20/94), 0.66    0.45 (20/87), 0.67    0.44 (20/87), 0.67    0.48 (20/87), and 0.67    0.51 @entity6 , and 12 months, respectively (P = 0.002, 0.0003, 0.0008, 0.017, and 0.02, respectively; paired Student's t-test). Central retinal thickness also significantly improved from a mean of 297    94  m at baseline to 215    58  m, 214    59  m, 218    79  m, 213    75  m, and 221    61  m at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, respectively (all P < 0.0001, paired Student's t-test). Indocyanine green angiography showed 3 of 32 eyes (9.4%) and 5 of 31 eyes (16.1%) with completely resolved @entity3 and 11 of 32 eyes (34.4%) and 10 of 31 eyes (32.3%) with reduced @entity3 at 6 and 12 months, respectively. No systemic complication or severe local complication, such as @entity5 , was found. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal bevacizumab therapy has a favorable outcome in improving visual acuity and macular exudative changes in @entity0 with @entity2 . It can also moderately reduce @entity1 on @entity4 angiography.

title: One-year outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab (avastin) therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 67-year-old male @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity6 under @entity7 treatment was admitted to our hospital with @entity4 and severe @entity3 . Upon physical examination, a @entity5 was identified. Furthermore, the scrotum was gangrenous with extensive @entity8 and left lower abdominal wall. Crepitations between the skin and fascia were palpable. A diagnosis of @entity9 was made. He was treated with immediate extensive surgical debridement under general anesthesia. The @entity0 received broad-spectrum antibiotics, and repeated extensive debridements were performed until healthy granulation was present in the wound. Due to the fact that his left testicle was severely exposed, it was transpositioned into a subcutaneous pocket in the inner side of the left thigh. He was finally discharged on the 57th postoperative day. @entity9 is characterized by high mortality rates, ranging from 15% to 50% and is an acute surgical emergency. The mainstay of treatment should be open drainage and early aggressive surgical debridement of all @entity2 tissue, followed by broad-spectrum antibiotics therapy.

title: Successful Treatment of a Severe Case of @entity9 Complicating a XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: A 67-year-old male @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity6 under @entity7 treatment was admitted to our hospital with @entity4 and severe @entity3 . Upon physical examination, a @entity5 was identified. Furthermore, the scrotum was gangrenous with extensive @entity8 and left lower abdominal wall. Crepitations between the skin and fascia were palpable. A diagnosis of @entity9 was made. He was treated with immediate extensive surgical debridement under general anesthesia. The @entity0 received broad-spectrum antibiotics, and repeated extensive debridements were performed until healthy granulation was present in the wound. Due to the fact that his left testicle was severely exposed, it was transpositioned into a subcutaneous pocket in the inner side of the left thigh. He was finally discharged on the 57th postoperative day. @entity9 is characterized by high mortality rates, ranging from 15% to 50% and is an acute surgical emergency. The mainstay of treatment should be open drainage and early aggressive surgical debridement of all @entity2 tissue, followed by broad-spectrum antibiotics therapy.

title: Successful Treatment of a Severe Case of XXXX Complicating a @entity5 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) account for 40 to 60% of primary @entity6 . About 10% occur in the head and neck region, frequently in the mandibula or maxilla. We treated a 30-year-old @entity0 with 26-month history of right-sided facial @entity2 and @entity4 . Investigation showed high-grade OS of the right mandibular coronoid process, affecting the mandibular nerve, @entity7 (ICA). True en bloc resection was performed after upfront adjuvant chemotherapy. The ICA was trap-ligated intradurally, whereafter the floor of the middle fossa, including the mandibular nerve and the glenoid fossa, was detached from the skull base in one piece. Subsequently, a hemimandibulectomy, total parotidectomy, ICA sacrifice, and removal of the pterygoid plates and muscles were performed, and the abovementioned structures were removed as a solitary specimen, including the @entity1 . A sural nerve graft was interposed between five major facial nerve branches to reanimate the face. The @entity0 had an uneventful recovery, is able to eat, and has a partial @entity5 . He has no @entity1 recurrence 26 months after surgery. OS of the jaw should be treated with radical surgery as the primary modality.

title: Multimodal treatment of XXXX of the jaw.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current @entity1 are generally based on anatomical considerations. Failures of such operations are due to lack of consideration of physiological aspects. Many @entity0 with @entity1 are cured as a result of current techniques of operation, though factors that are said to prevent @entity2 formation are not restored. Therefore, the surgical physiology of inguinal canal needs to be reconsidered. METHODS: A retrospective study is describer of 200 @entity0 operated on for @entity1 under local anaesthesia by the author's technique of @entity1 . RESULTS: The posterior wall of the inguinal canal was weak and without dynamic movement in all @entity0 . Strong aponeurotic extensions were absent in the posterior wall. The muscle arch movement was lost or diminished in all @entity0 . The movement of the muscle arch improved after it was sutured to the upper border of a strip of the external oblique aponeurosis (EOA). The newly formed posterior wall was kept physiologically dynamic by the additional muscle strength provided by external oblique muscle to the weakened muscles of the muscle arch. CONCLUSIONS: A physiologically dynamic and strong posterior inguinal wall, and the shielding and compression action of the muscles and aponeuroses around the inguinal canal are important factors that prevent @entity2 formation or @entity2 recurrence after repair. In addition, the squeezing and plugging action of the cremasteric muscle and binding effect of the strong cremasteric fascia, also play an important role in the prevention of @entity2 .

title: Surgical physiology of XXXX --a study of 200 cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: This study analyzes the impact of a temporary loop ileostomy on postoperative outcome after restorative proctocolectomy for @entity1 in terms of complications and reoperations including ileostomy closure. METHODS: The records of 122 consecutive @entity0 undergoing restorative proctocolectomy for @entity1 during a 12-year period were reviewed. In 89 @entity0 , a defunctioning ileostomy was created, while 33 @entity0 had no ileostomy. Statistics were done with Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test, p   <   0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: Both study groups were comparable concerning age, @entity7 activity, previous diseases, previous surgery, use of @entity2 , and immunosuppressives. Pouch-related septic complications ( @entity6 dehiscence, pouch leakage, @entity5 ) were significantly lower in the ileostomy group (5.6% vs. 18.2%, p   =   0.031), resulting in a lower rate of @entity4 following restorative proctocolectomy (4.5% vs. 30.3%, p   <   0.001). Including all complications associated with scheduled closure of ileostomy, the cumulative frequency of @entity4 was significantly lower in the ileostomy group (13.5% vs. 30.3%, p   =   0.032). The cumulative duration of hospitalization, including all hospital stays for complications or closure of the ileostomy, was significantly longer in the ileostomy group [median 22  days (11-92) vs. 14  days (9-109), p   <   0.001]. During long-term follow-up, a stricture at the pouch-anal @entity3 was more common in the ileostomy group (24.7% vs. 6.1%, p   =   0.021), whereas only one stricture necessitated surgical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Creation of a defunctioning loop ileostomy reduces pouch-related septic complications and the frequency of emergency second laparotomies after restorative proctocolectomy for @entity1 .

title: Impact of defunctioning loop ileostomy on outcome after restorative proctocolectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Recently, new catheter technologies have been developed for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) ablation. We investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a circular mapping and pulmonary vein ablation catheter ( @entity3 ) compared with a standard circular mapping catheter (Orbiter) and the influence of filter settings on signal quality. METHODS: After reconstruction of the left atrium by three-dimensional atriography, baseline @entity2 potentials ( @entity4 ) were recorded consecutively with @entity3 and Orbiter in 20 @entity0 with paroxysmal @entity1 . PVPs were compared and attributed to predefined anatomical @entity2 segments. Ablation was performed in 80 PVs using the @entity3 . If isolation of the PVs was assumed, signal assessment of each @entity2 was repeated with the Orbiter. If residual @entity2 potentials could be uncovered, different filter settings were tested to improve mapping quality of the @entity3 . Ablation was continued until complete @entity2 isolation (PVI) was confirmed with the Orbiter. RESULTS: Baseline mapping demonstrated a good correlation between the Orbiter and @entity3 . Mapping accuracy using the @entity3 for mapping and ablation was 94% (74 of 79 PVs). Additional mapping with the Orbiter improved the @entity2 isolation rate to 99%. Adjustment of filter settings failed to improve quality of the @entity2 signals compared with standard filter settings. CONCLUSIONS: Using the @entity3 as a stand-alone strategy for mapping and ablation, one should be aware that in some cases, different signal morphology mimics PVI isolation. Adjustment of filter settings failed to improve signal quality. The use of an additional mapping catheter is recommended to become familiar with the particular signal morphology during the first @entity3 cases or whenever there is a doubt about successful isolation of the pulmonary veins.

title: Comparison of XXXX signal quality using a novel circular mapping and ablation catheter versus a standard circular mapping catheter.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We isolated hybrids and cybrids using HeLaTG cells and @entity0 normal primary fibroblasts to examine the functional differences between the mitochondrial genomes of @entity1 and normal cells with respect to their possible involvement in the regulation of tumorigenicity. Hybrids contained mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) predominantly from the fibroblast parent and their tumorigenicity was suppressed completely. Then, cytoplasmic transmission of primary fibroblast mtDNA to HeLaTG cells was carried out using toxin-antitoxin selection. Two cybrid clones containing a HeLaTG nucleus only and more than 60% of transmitted fibroblast mtDNA were isolated and injected into @entity2 to test their tumorigenicity. They formed @entity1 when 2 X 10(6) cells were injected, whereas no @entity1 were formed after injection of 5 X 10(5) cells (a concentration at which HeLaTG subclones formed @entity1 ). These cybrids were cultivated in normal medium for two additional months and the content of fibroblast mtDNA increased gradually, resulting in HeLaTG mtDNA eventually being lost from both cybrid clones. We again examined their tumorigenicity and found that they recovered tumorigenicity completely. These results indicate that tumorigenicity of HeLaTG cells could not be suppressed by replacing their mitochondrial genomes with those of normal primary fibroblasts. Further, the partial suppression of tumorigenicity observed in the cybrid clones was temporary and may be due to cytoplasmic factors other than the mitochondrial genomes. Although we can find no difference between the mitochondrial genomes of normal and @entity1 cells regarding the regulation of tumorigenicity, the segregation pattern of the mtDNA in the cybrids was of interest: in the absence of any mitochondrial selection, HeLaTG mtDNA was lost while fibroblast mtDNA was retained, even though the nuclear component of these cybrids was from the HeLaTG cells. Thus, there should be some functional differences between the mitochondrial genomes of HeLaTG cells and primary fibroblasts that are responsible for the preferential segregation of HeLaTG mtDNA from the cybrids.

title: Effects of normal XXXX fibroblast mitochondrial DNA on segregation of HeLaTG Mitochondrial DNA and on tumorigenicity of HeLaTG cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Mosquito-borne diseases have an economic impact, including @entity3 , particularly in countries with tropical and subtropical climates; however, no part of the world is free from @entity6 . In mosquito control programs, botanical origin may have the potential to be used successfully as eggs, larvae, and adult. The larvicidal, ovicidal, and repellent activities of crude @entity8 and @entity4 extracts of leaf of Ervatamia coronaria and Caesalpinia pulcherrima were assayed for their @entity2 against three important vector mosquitoes, viz., Anopheles stephensi, @entity7 , and @entity5 (Diptera: Culicidae). The larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. All extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects; however, the highest larval mortality was found in @entity8 extract of E. coronaria against the larvae of Anopheles Stephensi, @entity7 , and @entity5 with the LC(50) and LC(90) values were 79.08, 89.59, and 96.15 ppm and 150.47, 166.04, and 174.10 ppm, respectively. Mean percent hatchability of the ovicidal activity was observed 48 h posttreatment. The percent hatchability was inversely proportional to the concentration of extract and directly proportional to the eggs. The leaf extract of E. coronaria was found to be most effective than Caesalpinia pulcherrima against eggs/egg rafts of three vector mosquitoes. For E. coronaria, the @entity8 extract exerted 300, 250, and 200 ppm against Anopheles stephensi, @entity7 , and @entity5 , respectively. The results of the repellent activity of @entity8 and @entity4 extract of E. coronaria and Caesalpinia pulcherrima plants at three different concentrations of 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/cm(2) were applied on skin of fore arm in @entity0 and exposed against adult female mosquitoes. In this observation, these two plant crude extracts gave protection against mosquito bites without any @entity1 to the test @entity0 , and also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. These results suggest that the leaf solvent plant extracts have the potential to be used as an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of mosquitoes. This is the first report on the mosquito larvicidal, ovicidal, and repellent activities of the reported E. coronaria and Caesalpinia pulcherrima plants.

title: Mosquito larvicidal, ovicidal, and repellent properties of botanical extracts against Anopheles stephensi, XXXX , and @entity5 (Diptera: Culicidae).

answer: @entity7


abstract: Mosquito-borne diseases have an economic impact, including @entity3 , particularly in countries with tropical and subtropical climates; however, no part of the world is free from @entity6 . In mosquito control programs, botanical origin may have the potential to be used successfully as eggs, larvae, and adult. The larvicidal, ovicidal, and repellent activities of crude @entity8 and @entity4 extracts of leaf of Ervatamia coronaria and Caesalpinia pulcherrima were assayed for their @entity2 against three important vector mosquitoes, viz., Anopheles stephensi, @entity7 , and @entity5 (Diptera: Culicidae). The larval mortality was observed after 24 h of exposure. All extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects; however, the highest larval mortality was found in @entity8 extract of E. coronaria against the larvae of Anopheles Stephensi, @entity7 , and @entity5 with the LC(50) and LC(90) values were 79.08, 89.59, and 96.15 ppm and 150.47, 166.04, and 174.10 ppm, respectively. Mean percent hatchability of the ovicidal activity was observed 48 h posttreatment. The percent hatchability was inversely proportional to the concentration of extract and directly proportional to the eggs. The leaf extract of E. coronaria was found to be most effective than Caesalpinia pulcherrima against eggs/egg rafts of three vector mosquitoes. For E. coronaria, the @entity8 extract exerted 300, 250, and 200 ppm against Anopheles stephensi, @entity7 , and @entity5 , respectively. The results of the repellent activity of @entity8 and @entity4 extract of E. coronaria and Caesalpinia pulcherrima plants at three different concentrations of 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/cm(2) were applied on skin of fore arm in @entity0 and exposed against adult female mosquitoes. In this observation, these two plant crude extracts gave protection against mosquito bites without any @entity1 to the test @entity0 , and also, the repellent activity is dependent on the strength of the plant extracts. These results suggest that the leaf solvent plant extracts have the potential to be used as an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of mosquitoes. This is the first report on the mosquito larvicidal, ovicidal, and repellent activities of the reported E. coronaria and Caesalpinia pulcherrima plants.

title: Mosquito larvicidal, ovicidal, and repellent properties of botanical extracts against Anopheles stephensi, @entity7 , and XXXX (Diptera: Culicidae).

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The management of @entity2 @entity0 suffering from active @entity5 has improved with a better understanding of @entity2 -induced @entity7 . The aim of this manuscript is to give recommendations for coagulation management. METHODS: A systematic literature search in the PubMed database was performed for articles published between January 2000 and August 2009. A total of 230 articles were included in the present systematic review. CONCLUSIONS: The " @entity7 of @entity2 " is a discrete disease which has a decisive influence on survival. Diagnosis and therapy of @entity8 should start immediately after admission to the emergency department. A specific protocol for massive transfusion should be introduced and continued. Loss of body temperature should be prevented and treated. Acidaemia should be prevented and treated by appropriate shock therapy. If massive transfusion is performed using fresh frozen plasma (FFP), a ratio of FFP to pRBC (packed red blood cells) of 1:2-1:1 should be achieved. Fibrinogen should be substituted at levels of <1.5 g/L. For @entity0 suffering from active @entity5 , permissive @entity6 (i.e. mean arterial pressure ~65 mmHg) may be aimed for until surgical cessation of @entity5 . This option is contraindicated in @entity3 and in @entity0 with @entity4 , or with known @entity1 . Thrombelastography or -metry may be performed to guide coagulation diagnosis and substitution. Hypocalcaemia <0.9 mmol/L should be avoided and may be treated. For actively @entity5 @entity0 , pRBC may be given at haemoglobin <10 g/L (6.2 mmol/L) and haematocrit may be targeted at 30%.

title: Coagulation management in multiple XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Intra-articular @entity4 is the clinical hallmark of @entity3 . Synoviorthesis, the intra-articular injection of chemical or radioactive substances in order to produce @entity1 of the hypertrophied synovium, has proved effective in the treatment of chronic @entity5 . Between December 2006 and July 2007, we treated 21 @entity0 with @entity7 by synoviorthesis with @entity6 once a week. The procedures were performed on 14 knees, five elbows, four ankles, and one shoulder (24 joints and 113 injections). The mean age was 16.7 years (range, 7-49 years). According to the Fernandez-Palazzi classification, synoviorthesis was considered satisfactory (excellent or good) in 21 (87.5%) joints and unsatisfactory (fair or poor) in three (12.5%). A mean reduction of 6.3 @entity4 episodes per month was obtained (P < 0.0001). The mean @entity2 score was reduced from 2.62 (range, 2-3; SD, 0.49) before treatment to 0.79 (range, 0-2; SD, 0.65) after treatment. The mean World Federation of @entity3 (WFH) score was 5.45 (range, 2-8) before synoviorthesis and 3.5 (range, 1-7) after treatment. This method effectively reduced @entity8 and @entity2 and also improved the range of motion in @entity0 with @entity7 . Chemical synoviorthesis with @entity6 appears to be efficient, inexpensive, and simple and also especially practical in developing countries where radioactive agents are not easily available.

title: Synoviorthesis induced by XXXX in @entity7 : a report of 24 treated joints.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Intra-articular @entity4 is the clinical hallmark of @entity3 . Synoviorthesis, the intra-articular injection of chemical or radioactive substances in order to produce @entity1 of the hypertrophied synovium, has proved effective in the treatment of chronic @entity5 . Between December 2006 and July 2007, we treated 21 @entity0 with @entity7 by synoviorthesis with @entity6 once a week. The procedures were performed on 14 knees, five elbows, four ankles, and one shoulder (24 joints and 113 injections). The mean age was 16.7 years (range, 7-49 years). According to the Fernandez-Palazzi classification, synoviorthesis was considered satisfactory (excellent or good) in 21 (87.5%) joints and unsatisfactory (fair or poor) in three (12.5%). A mean reduction of 6.3 @entity4 episodes per month was obtained (P < 0.0001). The mean @entity2 score was reduced from 2.62 (range, 2-3; SD, 0.49) before treatment to 0.79 (range, 0-2; SD, 0.65) after treatment. The mean World Federation of @entity3 (WFH) score was 5.45 (range, 2-8) before synoviorthesis and 3.5 (range, 1-7) after treatment. This method effectively reduced @entity8 and @entity2 and also improved the range of motion in @entity0 with @entity7 . Chemical synoviorthesis with @entity6 appears to be efficient, inexpensive, and simple and also especially practical in developing countries where radioactive agents are not easily available.

title: Synoviorthesis induced by @entity6 in XXXX : a report of 24 treated joints.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Thirty-one consecutive high @entity2 for varus gonarthrosis performed by one surgeon using one technique were evaluated to determine correction of deformity, functional result, subjective impression, and subsequent surgery for the same problem. Twenty-five @entity0 had satisfactory follow-up evaluations. Preoperative tibiofemoral angulation averaged 7 degrees varus. Postoperative tibiofemoral angulation averaged 5 degrees valgus. Ninety-two percent had excellent or good results, according to Coventry's criteria and the H.S.S. knee score. Eighty-eight percent claimed postoperative improvement, 8% were unchanged, and one @entity0 was worse. Eighty-eight percent had had no further surgery. Excellent/good results deteriorated from 92% at two years to 88% at five years, to 91% at seven years, and to 80% at nine years. This is a smaller rate of deterioration than noted in other series. @entity1 and antiinflammatory drug use was significantly reduced after operation. No significant differences were noted in @entity0 older than or younger than 60 years of age at the time of surgical correction. Factors contributing to success included careful @entity0 selection; correction of the limb to the mechanical axis; and precise surgical technique. Osteotomy proved a successful alternative to total knee replacement for treatment of varus gonarthrosis in a carefully selected group of @entity0 .

title: High XXXX . A clinical review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a benign tumorous lesion of unknown cause, which is composed of fibrous tissue with infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes. A 57-year-old male with @entity4 was indicated to have @entity2 during observation of the course of @entity4 at a nearby hospital. He was referred to our facility to undergo detailed examinations. When he visited our hospital for the initial examination, he had no subjective symptoms. His past medical history was unremarkable. There were no distinct abnormalities on the medical examination. Blood tests revealed a white blood cell count of 10400 / L, CRP of 0.29 mg/dl, AST of 31 IU/L, ALT of 46 IU/L, ALP of 583 IU/L and - @entity3 of 408 IU/L, showing a mild inflammatory reaction and elevated hepatobiliary enzymes. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination revealed a @entity1 mass approximately 4 cm in diameter in a lateral hepatic segment. The margin and center of the mass were hypoechoic and iso- to hyperechoic, respectively, and the inside of the mass was non-homogeneous. Needle biopsy revealed only inflammatory findings with no indications of @entity1 . Since computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen, done 4 months after detection of the @entity1 mass, revealed the mass to have increased to approximately 6 cm in diameter, excision biopsy was considered. The CT taken 2 months later revealed the mass to have regressed to approximately 2 cm in diameter, but excision of the lateral hepatic segment was undertaken at the @entity0 's request. As a result, the diagnosis of @entity5 of the liver was confirmed. Imaging findings of hepatic @entity5 are variable and specific findings are lacking. Since the rate of correct diagnosis with needle biopsy is also low, @entity5 of the liver is often very difficult to differentiate from @entity1 . On the other hand, since it may show spontaneous regression, indications for surgery must be assessed very carefully.

title: XXXX : case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between the histopathologic effects of preoperative chemoradiotherapy in @entity0 and the proteins, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 . METHODS: Samples from 73 @entity0 were examined. The histopathologic effects observed in the resected specimens induced by preoperative chemoradiotherapy were correlated with the inmunohistochemical expression of @entity3 and @entity2 in biopsies obtained by rectoscopy before chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: Thirty-five @entity0 showed a high @entity3 index (48%). Nuclear accumulation of @entity2 protein was detected in 53 @entity0 (72%). Specimens were assigned one of four grades based on the amount of residual viable @entity0 . Three @entity0 (4%) showed complete regression; 8 other @entity1 (11%) showed only small numbers of @entity0 cells scattered within the field of stromal reaction. In these cases, it was considered that the @entity0 had responded significantly to radiotherapy. @entity0 with a high @entity3 index responded to chemoradiotherapy more frequently (8/35; 72%) than @entity0 with a low index (3/38; 43%) (p = 0.07). @entity2 -negative @entity0 responded more frequently (4/20; 20%) than positive @entity0 (7/53; 13.2%) (p = 0.50). When pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of the @entity0 were included in a logistic regression model, only high @entity3 index (odds ratio 5.35, 95% confidence interval 1.07-26.7) (p = 0.04) was significantly associated with the histologic response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy. CONCLUSION: High proliferative activity of @entity0 , as determined by @entity3 immunostaining, is predictive of the response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

title: Preoperatively irradiated XXXX : analysis of the histopathologic response and predictive value of @entity3 immunostaining.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between the histopathologic effects of preoperative chemoradiotherapy in @entity0 and the proteins, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 . METHODS: Samples from 73 @entity0 were examined. The histopathologic effects observed in the resected specimens induced by preoperative chemoradiotherapy were correlated with the inmunohistochemical expression of @entity3 and @entity2 in biopsies obtained by rectoscopy before chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: Thirty-five @entity0 showed a high @entity3 index (48%). Nuclear accumulation of @entity2 protein was detected in 53 @entity0 (72%). Specimens were assigned one of four grades based on the amount of residual viable @entity0 . Three @entity0 (4%) showed complete regression; 8 other @entity1 (11%) showed only small numbers of @entity0 cells scattered within the field of stromal reaction. In these cases, it was considered that the @entity0 had responded significantly to radiotherapy. @entity0 with a high @entity3 index responded to chemoradiotherapy more frequently (8/35; 72%) than @entity0 with a low index (3/38; 43%) (p = 0.07). @entity2 -negative @entity0 responded more frequently (4/20; 20%) than positive @entity0 (7/53; 13.2%) (p = 0.50). When pathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of the @entity0 were included in a logistic regression model, only high @entity3 index (odds ratio 5.35, 95% confidence interval 1.07-26.7) (p = 0.04) was significantly associated with the histologic response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy. CONCLUSION: High proliferative activity of @entity0 , as determined by @entity3 immunostaining, is predictive of the response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

title: Preoperatively irradiated @entity1 : analysis of the histopathologic response and predictive value of XXXX immunostaining.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A study was made of the clinical features and therapeutic response of 144 @entity0 from whose sputum @entity15 was isolated. Typically, features of @entity5 with cough productive of moderate amounts of purulent sputum, fever and dyspnoea were present. Of 74 @entity0 who were infected in the community, 50 required hospital admission. @entity7 occurred in the remaining 70 @entity0 . Most @entity0 had chronic @entity6 or @entity3 bronchus; @entity1 occurred in 12 @entity0 . Acute tracheobronchitis developed in 4 healthy non-smokers after viral illnesses. @entity15 contributed to the death of 8 @entity0 . Overall, 59% of isolates produced beta-lactamase but the proportion had risen to 70% by the end of the study; half of these were community acquired. 41% of @entity0 who were treated initially with @entity11 did not respond. @entity8 plus @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity13 , @entity10 , @entity12 and @entity14 are useful alternative antibiotics. All strains of @entity15 were resistant to @entity4 .

title: @entity5 due to XXXX . Clinical features and therapeutic response.

answer: @entity15


abstract: A study was made of the clinical features and therapeutic response of 144 @entity0 from whose sputum @entity15 was isolated. Typically, features of @entity5 with cough productive of moderate amounts of purulent sputum, fever and dyspnoea were present. Of 74 @entity0 who were infected in the community, 50 required hospital admission. @entity7 occurred in the remaining 70 @entity0 . Most @entity0 had chronic @entity6 or @entity3 bronchus; @entity1 occurred in 12 @entity0 . Acute tracheobronchitis developed in 4 healthy non-smokers after viral illnesses. @entity15 contributed to the death of 8 @entity0 . Overall, 59% of isolates produced beta-lactamase but the proportion had risen to 70% by the end of the study; half of these were community acquired. 41% of @entity0 who were treated initially with @entity11 did not respond. @entity8 plus @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity13 , @entity10 , @entity12 and @entity14 are useful alternative antibiotics. All strains of @entity15 were resistant to @entity4 .

title: XXXX due to @entity15 . Clinical features and therapeutic response.

answer: @entity5


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to compare quantitatively the position of the cerebellar tonsil in neurologically normal adolescents with that in @entity5 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 and age-matched healthy controls. OBJECTIVES: To redefine the normal reference level of the cerebellar tonsil in healthy adolescents and to compare the differences in tonsillar level with @entity4 of different severities. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Asymptomatic @entity3 has been reported not infrequently in @entity0 and adolescents with @entity4 . The @entity6 and its variations with sex, age, and curve severities have not been clarified. METHODS: Sagittal MRI of hindbrain was performed on 170 adolescents, including 117 @entity0 with @entity4 and 53 age-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: The cerebellar tonsillar tip in healthy @entity0 was found at an average of 2.8 mm above the basion-opisthion reference line (BO line) (range, 0-10.5 mm), in contrast to the finding that 17.9% of the @entity4 @entity0 had tonsillar tip below the BO line. The position of tonsil in the @entity4 group was lower than that in the healthy controls (P < 0.05), and the differences also increased with the severity of the curve (P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Using the current MRI reference standards, the incidence of @entity6 could be significantly underestimated. According to our experience, any @entity1 of a tonsil below the BO line in adolescents should be regarded as abnormal. @entity2 could be an important manifestation of @entity6 .

title: Redefining the magnetic resonance imaging reference level for the cerebellar tonsil: a study of 170 adolescents with normal versus XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine an association between fall-related @entity1 and gluteus medius and minimus @entity3 . METHODS: Retrospective review of 64 @entity0 with @entity1 and 96 age- and sex-stratified controls was performed. Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, @entity4 , and iliopsoas @entity3 was scored using a standard scale. Statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: There is a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in gluteus medius and minimus @entity3 in the @entity2 versus control groups. Presence of @entity3 was predictive of fall-related @entity2 (odds ratio, 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-4.31). There is no significant difference in @entity4 (P = 0.47) or iliopsoas (P = 0.15) @entity3 between the 2 groups. @entity3 increased with age (r = 0.41, P < 0.0001). In unilateral fractures, there is a significant difference (P = 0.0002) in ipsilateral versus contralateral gluteus medius @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Gluteus medius and minimus @entity5 is greater in @entity1 , which may predispose the elderly to falls.

title: Association of Gluteus Medius and Minimus Muscle Atrophy and XXXX in Older Individuals Using Computed Tomography.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity5 are rare, and their management is controversial. We reviewed our experience with the surgical management of this condition. METHODS: From August 1988 to August 2001, 26 @entity0 (16 @entity0 and 10 @entity0 ) were treated surgically for @entity5 . The median age was 56 years (range, 20-77 years). @entity0 who had a recent previous median sternotomy were excluded. RESULTS: All @entity0 were symptomatic. @entity3 was present in 21 @entity0 , swelling in 14 @entity0 , @entity4 in 11 @entity0 , and erythema in 9 @entity0 . @entity6 included @entity5 in other areas in 12 @entity0 ( @entity1 in 4 @entity0 , @entity5 in 2 @entity0 , and other in 6 @entity0 ) and an indwelling central venous catheter in 1 @entity0 . Five @entity0 had a history of @entity2 in the region of the joint. Four @entity0 had prior joint incision and drainage. Unilateral sternoclavicular joint resection was done in 18 @entity0 , bilateral resection in 2 @entity0 , and incision and drainage with debridement in 6 @entity0 . Wound culture results were positive in 24 @entity0 , and the most common organism isolated was @entity7 (n = 17). Eleven @entity0 had transposition of the ipsilateral pectoralis major muscle to obliterate residual space and to reconstruct the chest wall. Two (7.7%) @entity0 had complications, and 1 died (operative mortality, 3.8%). Follow-up was complete in all 25 operative survivors and ranged from 2 months to 10 years (median, 25 months). Twenty-one @entity0 are alive without symptoms, @entity5 , or limitations in range of motion. Four @entity0 have died as a result of causes unrelated to their joint @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Symptomatic @entity5 often require surgical intervention. Surgical resection combined with muscle transposition provides effective long-term outcome.

title: Surgical management of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop routinely applicable limited sampling strategies for assessing @entity1 (CsA) AUC(0-12 h), and possibly other exposure indices such as AUC(0-4 h) and C(max), in heart transplant @entity0 over the first year post-transplantation. METHODS: First, the individual pharmacokinetics (PKs) of 14 adult heart-transplant @entity0 receiving Neoral were assessed at three post-transplantation periods, at the end of the first week (W1), the third month (M3) and the first year (Y1). To fit blood concentrations, a @entity2 model specially developed for oral CsA was applied. Second, two statistical methods were compared for AUC(0-12 h) estimation using a limited sampling strategy (maximum of three blood samples): multiple regression analysis (MR) and Bayesian estimation (BE). RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between the individual @entity2 parameters at M3 and Y1, so population modelling was performed taking as a whole the concentration data collected at M3 and Y1. On the contrary, a significant difference ( P<0.05) was found for the C2/dose ratio between @entity3 (mean+/-SD =5.47+/-2.33; 7.78+/-1.05; 6.98+/-2.17 ml(-1 )for @entity3 , respectively). Also, C(max)/dose and A were found significantly lower at W1 than at M3 ( P<0.01 and P<0.005, respectively), while lambda(1) was significantly higher at W1 than at both M3 and Y1 ( P<0.01). Using three sampling times (t0 h, t1 h and t3 h), BE allowed an accurate prediction of AUC(0-12 h) (mean bias =3.06+/-12.16%; +1.50+/-1.61%; and -0.20+/-11.42% at @entity3 , respectively), AUC(0-4 h )and C(max). MR led to satisfactory estimation of AUC(0-12 h) using only two blood samples collected 2 h and 6 h post-dose (R=0.956-0.993; bias =-5.22 to +4.41; precision =6.38 to 9.90%), but this method is unable to estimate any other exposure index and requires strict respect of sampling times, contrary to BE. CONCLUSION: Neoral monitoring based on full or abbreviated AUC is possible using BE or MR in heart transplant @entity0 over the first year post-transplantation. BE provides a good description of the individual @entity2 profiles and thus might be useful not only in case of potential discrepancies between C2 and clinical findings, but also for clinical trials aimed at finding optimum @entity2 monitoring in heart recipients.

title: Limited sampling strategies using Bayesian estimation or multilinear regression for XXXX AUC(0-12) monitoring in cardiac transplant recipients over the first year post-transplantation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A study of lumbar ligamentum flavum (LF) OBJECTIVE.: To identify @entity3 - related microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profile, and to investigate the role of miRNAs in the development of @entity3 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although histologic and biologic literature on @entity3 is available, the pathomechanism is still unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in many physiologic processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and @entity1 , but the role of specific miRNAs involved in @entity3 remains elusive. METHODS: An initial screening of LF tissues miRNA expression by miRNA microarray was performed using samples from 10 @entity0 and 10 controls, respectively. Subsequently, differential expression was validated using qRT-PCR. Then, functional analysis of the miRNAs in regulating collagens I and III expression was carried out. Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay were also used to detect the target gene. In addition, the thickness of the LF at the level of the facet joint was measured on axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. RESULTS: We identified 18 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in @entity0 compared with controls. Following qRT-PCR confirmation, @entity2 was significantly lower in LF tissues of @entity0 when compared with controls. The LF was significantly thicker in @entity0 than that in controls. Bioinformatics target prediction identified @entity4 as a putative target of @entity2 . Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that @entity2 directly targets @entity4 and affects the protein expression of @entity4 in fibroblasts isolated from LF. Of note, @entity2 mimic reduced mRNA and protein expression of collagens I and collagen III in fibroblasts isolated from LF. CONCLUSION: The down-regulation of @entity2 might contribute to @entity3 by promoting collagens I and III expression via the induction of @entity4 . Our study also underscores the potential of @entity2 as a novel therapeutic target in @entity5 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: MicroRNA-221 regulates @entity3 of ligamentum flavum in @entity5 by targeting XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A study of lumbar ligamentum flavum (LF) OBJECTIVE.: To identify @entity3 - related microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profile, and to investigate the role of miRNAs in the development of @entity3 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although histologic and biologic literature on @entity3 is available, the pathomechanism is still unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in many physiologic processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and @entity1 , but the role of specific miRNAs involved in @entity3 remains elusive. METHODS: An initial screening of LF tissues miRNA expression by miRNA microarray was performed using samples from 10 @entity0 and 10 controls, respectively. Subsequently, differential expression was validated using qRT-PCR. Then, functional analysis of the miRNAs in regulating collagens I and III expression was carried out. Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay were also used to detect the target gene. In addition, the thickness of the LF at the level of the facet joint was measured on axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. RESULTS: We identified 18 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in @entity0 compared with controls. Following qRT-PCR confirmation, @entity2 was significantly lower in LF tissues of @entity0 when compared with controls. The LF was significantly thicker in @entity0 than that in controls. Bioinformatics target prediction identified @entity4 as a putative target of @entity2 . Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that @entity2 directly targets @entity4 and affects the protein expression of @entity4 in fibroblasts isolated from LF. Of note, @entity2 mimic reduced mRNA and protein expression of collagens I and collagen III in fibroblasts isolated from LF. CONCLUSION: The down-regulation of @entity2 might contribute to @entity3 by promoting collagens I and III expression via the induction of @entity4 . Our study also underscores the potential of @entity2 as a novel therapeutic target in @entity5 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: MicroRNA-221 regulates XXXX of ligamentum flavum in @entity5 by targeting @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A study of lumbar ligamentum flavum (LF) OBJECTIVE.: To identify @entity3 - related microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profile, and to investigate the role of miRNAs in the development of @entity3 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although histologic and biologic literature on @entity3 is available, the pathomechanism is still unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) participate in many physiologic processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and @entity1 , but the role of specific miRNAs involved in @entity3 remains elusive. METHODS: An initial screening of LF tissues miRNA expression by miRNA microarray was performed using samples from 10 @entity0 and 10 controls, respectively. Subsequently, differential expression was validated using qRT-PCR. Then, functional analysis of the miRNAs in regulating collagens I and III expression was carried out. Western blotting and luciferase reporter assay were also used to detect the target gene. In addition, the thickness of the LF at the level of the facet joint was measured on axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. RESULTS: We identified 18 miRNAs that were differentially expressed in @entity0 compared with controls. Following qRT-PCR confirmation, @entity2 was significantly lower in LF tissues of @entity0 when compared with controls. The LF was significantly thicker in @entity0 than that in controls. Bioinformatics target prediction identified @entity4 as a putative target of @entity2 . Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that @entity2 directly targets @entity4 and affects the protein expression of @entity4 in fibroblasts isolated from LF. Of note, @entity2 mimic reduced mRNA and protein expression of collagens I and collagen III in fibroblasts isolated from LF. CONCLUSION: The down-regulation of @entity2 might contribute to @entity3 by promoting collagens I and III expression via the induction of @entity4 . Our study also underscores the potential of @entity2 as a novel therapeutic target in @entity5 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: MicroRNA-221 regulates @entity3 of ligamentum flavum in XXXX by targeting @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a case of intra-arterial @entity6 injection in a hemodynamically unstable @entity0 leading to @entity1 and a subsequent compartment syndrome. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Prehospital setting, emergency department and ICU of a university hospital. @entity0 : A 58-year-old @entity0 presenting with a @entity4 of 190 beats/min was administered @entity6 through an accidently placed arterial access in the left cubital fossa. Quickly, the @entity0 developed clinical signs of an acute @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Immediate left brachial artery angiography with subsequent thrombectomy was performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A @entity2 at the injection side was found, which was immediately recanalized by thrombus aspiration. In addition to anticoagulation and an @entity3 -antagonist an adjunct therapy with vasodilators and @entity5 /IIIa inhibitors was given and repetitive duplex sonography confirmed arterial flow. However, despite restoration of blood flow the @entity0 developed a severe compartment syndrome of the arm and had to receive multistep surgical interventions. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of an acute @entity2 leading to a compartment syndrome upon accidental intra-arterial injection of @entity6 in an emergency setting. In the hemodynamically unstable @entity0 healthcare providers should be aware of arterial miscanulation and its consequences. Upon intra-arterial injection, a direct antithrombotic and vasodilative therapy should be administered via the initially misplaced arterial access, which may include a @entity5 /IIIa inhibitor.

title: Acute @entity2 of the Left Brachial Artery After Intra-Arterial Administration of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a case of intra-arterial @entity6 injection in a hemodynamically unstable @entity0 leading to @entity1 and a subsequent compartment syndrome. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Prehospital setting, emergency department and ICU of a university hospital. @entity0 : A 58-year-old @entity0 presenting with a @entity4 of 190 beats/min was administered @entity6 through an accidently placed arterial access in the left cubital fossa. Quickly, the @entity0 developed clinical signs of an acute @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Immediate left brachial artery angiography with subsequent thrombectomy was performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A @entity2 at the injection side was found, which was immediately recanalized by thrombus aspiration. In addition to anticoagulation and an @entity3 -antagonist an adjunct therapy with vasodilators and @entity5 /IIIa inhibitors was given and repetitive duplex sonography confirmed arterial flow. However, despite restoration of blood flow the @entity0 developed a severe compartment syndrome of the arm and had to receive multistep surgical interventions. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of an acute @entity2 leading to a compartment syndrome upon accidental intra-arterial injection of @entity6 in an emergency setting. In the hemodynamically unstable @entity0 healthcare providers should be aware of arterial miscanulation and its consequences. Upon intra-arterial injection, a direct antithrombotic and vasodilative therapy should be administered via the initially misplaced arterial access, which may include a @entity5 /IIIa inhibitor.

title: Acute XXXX of the Left Brachial Artery After Intra-Arterial Administration of @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Exposure of an animal to stressful stimuli, perceived by the animal as a threatening, emergency condition, elicits a transient @entity2 sensitivity, which often affects thermoregulatory mechanisms in the threatened organism. We studied the interaction between emergency and thermoregulatory components of swim stress in developing swim stress-induced @entity4 (SSIA). The subjects were @entity0 selectively bred for high @entity4 (HA) induced by swimming in 20 degrees C water, and displaying profound swim @entity5 . The @entity0 were acclimated to one of the following conditions: (1) ambient cold (5 degrees C, mimicking the thermal component of swim stress); (2) daily 3-min swimming at 32 degrees C (mimicking the emergency, emotional in nature, component of swim stress), or (3) daily swimming at 20 degrees C (a combination of both emergency and thermal component of swim stress). Following each of the procedures the @entity4 induced by swimming in 20 degrees C water and by acute exposure to -2.5 degrees C in helium/ @entity1 (Helox) atmosphere was measured. @entity4 was also assessed in a group of naive @entity0 immersed in 20 degrees C shallow water with the purpose of eliminating the emergency condition, but assuring the animal's contact with the cold water environment. Cold acclimation markedly attenuated @entity3 ( @entity3 ) without affecting SSIA, whereas repeated swims attenuated SSIA without affecting @entity3 . The results suggest that @entity5 is the only stimulus eliciting @entity3 , while the emergency condition of swimming is essential for inducing SSIA. The significantly lower magnitude of SSIA in @entity0 acclimated to repeated swims in 20 degrees C than in 32 degrees C water suggests that SSIA develops due to an interaction between the emergency and hypothermic components of swim stress. This is further supported by a greater @entity5 and greater @entity4 in freely swimming than in immersed naive @entity0 .

title: XXXX induced by swim stress: interaction between analgesic and thermoregulatory mechanisms.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a possible mechanism underlying the partial virilization of a 46, XX @entity0 by a functional maternal @entity7 ( @entity7 ). METHODS: We performed immunocytochemical staining of @entity1 sections for luteinizing hormone (LH)/ @entity0 chorionic gonadotropin ( @entity6 ) receptors. In addition, related reports in the literature are discussed. RESULTS: A previously healthy mother developed a large @entity5 - and @entity3 -producing @entity1 that did not interfere with conception or early morphogenesis. The @entity1 eluded detection until after delivery of a partially virilized 46, XX female @entity0 with @entity10 . Immunohistochemical staining of @entity1 sections revealed overexpression of the LH/ @entity6 receptor. Virilization of the genetically female fetus may have resulted from @entity6 -stimulated steroid secretion by the @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Because @entity4 and @entity9 are associated with menstrual disturbances and @entity8 , pregnancy in @entity0 with functional @entity1 is uncommon. Rarely, maternal @entity2 excess from a functional @entity1 has caused 46, XX disordered sex differentiation. This unusual case demonstrates the influence of @entity6 on the functionality of an @entity7 and demonstrates the rare phenomenon of virilization of a female @entity0 by a functional maternal @entity1 .

title: Virilization of a female @entity0 by a maternal XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a possible mechanism underlying the partial virilization of a 46, XX @entity0 by a functional maternal @entity7 ( @entity7 ). METHODS: We performed immunocytochemical staining of @entity1 sections for luteinizing hormone (LH)/ @entity0 chorionic gonadotropin ( @entity6 ) receptors. In addition, related reports in the literature are discussed. RESULTS: A previously healthy mother developed a large @entity5 - and @entity3 -producing @entity1 that did not interfere with conception or early morphogenesis. The @entity1 eluded detection until after delivery of a partially virilized 46, XX female @entity0 with @entity10 . Immunohistochemical staining of @entity1 sections revealed overexpression of the LH/ @entity6 receptor. Virilization of the genetically female fetus may have resulted from @entity6 -stimulated steroid secretion by the @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Because @entity4 and @entity9 are associated with menstrual disturbances and @entity8 , pregnancy in @entity0 with functional @entity1 is uncommon. Rarely, maternal @entity2 excess from a functional @entity1 has caused 46, XX disordered sex differentiation. This unusual case demonstrates the influence of @entity6 on the functionality of an @entity7 and demonstrates the rare phenomenon of virilization of a female @entity0 by a functional maternal @entity1 .

title: Virilization of a female XXXX by a maternal @entity7 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The European @entity5 @entity7 (EU-ARCCS) expanded-access study provided @entity7 to advanced @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 in whom previous systemic therapy had failed. The study assessed the safety and use of @entity7 for the treatment of advanced @entity5 in a large community-based @entity0 population across 11 countries in Europe. @entity0 AND METHODS: EU-ARCCS was a single-arm, open-label trial of @entity7 in advanced @entity5 @entity0 . End points included safety, time to progression, progression-free survival (PFS), and disease control rate (DCR). Subgroup analyses included age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, histology, prior therapy, and number and sites of @entity1 . RESULTS: About 1159 advanced @entity5 @entity0 were enrolled. Most @entity0 (94%) experienced drug-related adverse events (AEs) of any grade, with the most common grade >= 3 AEs including hand-foot skin reaction (13%), @entity3 (7%), @entity4 (7%), @entity2 (6%), and @entity6 /desquamation (5%). The incidence of AEs in the subgroups was similar to that in the overall population. Median PFS was 6.6 months; DCR at >= 8 and >= 12 weeks was 85% and 78%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity7 safety profile in European community-based practice settings was similar to that reported in clinical trials. The heterogeneous advanced @entity5 @entity0 population in EU-ARCCS permitted assessment of @entity7 in important subpopulations of advanced @entity5 @entity0 .

title: Final results of the European XXXX @entity7 (EU-ARCCS) expanded-access study: a large open-label study in diverse community settings.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The European @entity5 @entity7 (EU-ARCCS) expanded-access study provided @entity7 to advanced @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 in whom previous systemic therapy had failed. The study assessed the safety and use of @entity7 for the treatment of advanced @entity5 in a large community-based @entity0 population across 11 countries in Europe. @entity0 AND METHODS: EU-ARCCS was a single-arm, open-label trial of @entity7 in advanced @entity5 @entity0 . End points included safety, time to progression, progression-free survival (PFS), and disease control rate (DCR). Subgroup analyses included age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, histology, prior therapy, and number and sites of @entity1 . RESULTS: About 1159 advanced @entity5 @entity0 were enrolled. Most @entity0 (94%) experienced drug-related adverse events (AEs) of any grade, with the most common grade >= 3 AEs including hand-foot skin reaction (13%), @entity3 (7%), @entity4 (7%), @entity2 (6%), and @entity6 /desquamation (5%). The incidence of AEs in the subgroups was similar to that in the overall population. Median PFS was 6.6 months; DCR at >= 8 and >= 12 weeks was 85% and 78%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity7 safety profile in European community-based practice settings was similar to that reported in clinical trials. The heterogeneous advanced @entity5 @entity0 population in EU-ARCCS permitted assessment of @entity7 in important subpopulations of advanced @entity5 @entity0 .

title: Final results of the European @entity5 XXXX (EU-ARCCS) expanded-access study: a large open-label study in diverse community settings.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Ambulatory pulmonary artery pressure monitoring by means of a transducer tipped catheter with a simultaneous frequency modulated electrocardiogram and a miniaturised tape recorder was used to study the haemodynamic implications of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . Nineteen male @entity0 (mean (SD) age 58 (11) years) with clinical and angiographic evidence of @entity3 were studied together with six controls. Changes in the ST segment and pulmonary artery diastolic pressure during treadmill exercise, @entity6 , and unrestricted ambulant activity were analysed. During exercise, pulmonary artery diastolic pressure rose significantly in @entity0 with @entity3 but not in the controls. One @entity0 with ST @entity2 greater than 1 mm did not have a rise in pulmonary artery diastolic pressure on exercise; two had a rise in pulmonary artery diastolic pressure with no ST segment change despite severe @entity5 . The pulmonary artery diastolic pressure tended to rise before or simultaneously with the onset of @entity2 . The haemodynamic response to @entity6 was similar in normal controls and @entity0 with @entity3 . During ambulatory monitoring there were 29 episodes of @entity2 all of which were associated with a rise in pulmonary artery diastolic pressure and @entity4 . The onset of @entity2 occurred before a rise in pulmonary artery diastolic pressure in 11 episodes, was simultaneous with it in 11, and followed it in seven episodes. During exercise and ambulatory monitoring there was a correlation between the magnitude of @entity2 and the rise in pulmonary artery diastolic pressure. @entity1 was a late feature during exercise, @entity6 . This technique for the first time allows the relation between ST segment changes and haemodynamic alterations in left ventricular function to be assessed in ambulant @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Haemodynamic response to myocardial ischaemia during unrestricted activity, exercise testing, and XXXX assessed by ambulatory pulmonary artery pressure monitoring.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pathogenesis related-10 (PR-10) proteins are present as multigene family in most of the higher plants. The role of PR-10 proteins in plant is poorly understood. A sequence analysis revealed that a large number of PR-10 proteins possess conserved motifs found in aldo/keto reductases (AKRs) of @entity1 and fungi. We took three PR-10 proteins, CaARP from @entity8 , ABR17 from @entity7 and the major pollen allergen Bet v1 from @entity2 birch as examples and showed that these purified recombinant proteins possessed AKR activity using various @entity0 @entity5 including @entity9 and @entity4 as substrates and the reduced form of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) as co-factor. Essential @entity6 for this catalytic activity were identified by substitution with other @entity6 . CaARP was able to discriminate between the reduced and oxidized forms of @entity3 independently of its catalytic activity and underwent structural change upon binding with @entity3 . CaARP protein was preferentially localized in cytosol. When expressed in bacteria, @entity1 or plant, catalytically active variants of CaARP conferred tolerance to salinity, oxidative stress or @entity0 @entity5 . CaARP-expressing plants showed lower lipid peroxidation product content in presence or absence of stress suggesting that the protein functions as a scavenger of @entity0 @entity5 produced by metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Our result proposes a new biochemical property of a PR-10 protein.

title: A pathogenesis related-10 protein CaARP functions as aldo/keto reductase to scavenge @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pathogenesis related-10 (PR-10) proteins are present as multigene family in most of the higher plants. The role of PR-10 proteins in plant is poorly understood. A sequence analysis revealed that a large number of PR-10 proteins possess conserved motifs found in aldo/keto reductases (AKRs) of @entity1 and fungi. We took three PR-10 proteins, CaARP from @entity8 , ABR17 from @entity7 and the major pollen allergen Bet v1 from @entity2 birch as examples and showed that these purified recombinant proteins possessed AKR activity using various @entity0 @entity5 including @entity9 and @entity4 as substrates and the reduced form of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) as co-factor. Essential @entity6 for this catalytic activity were identified by substitution with other @entity6 . CaARP was able to discriminate between the reduced and oxidized forms of @entity3 independently of its catalytic activity and underwent structural change upon binding with @entity3 . CaARP protein was preferentially localized in cytosol. When expressed in bacteria, @entity1 or plant, catalytically active variants of CaARP conferred tolerance to salinity, oxidative stress or @entity0 @entity5 . CaARP-expressing plants showed lower lipid peroxidation product content in presence or absence of stress suggesting that the protein functions as a scavenger of @entity0 @entity5 produced by metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Our result proposes a new biochemical property of a PR-10 protein.

title: A pathogenesis related-10 protein CaARP functions as aldo/keto reductase to scavenge XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the engraftment, survival and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) after transplantation of unrelated cord blood for the treatment of childhood and adult @entity2 . METHODS: Seventeen @entity0 (13 @entity0 and 4 adults) with @entity2 were enrolled in this study. Twelve @entity0 were transplanted with one unit and 5 with 2 units of cord blood. There were HLA-matched in 6 and HLA-mismatched at 1 approximately 2 loci in 11 @entity0 . Ten @entity0 were transplanted at stable status, 7 at advanced stage of @entity4 . Conditioning regimens were BU/CY for 13 and CY/TBI for 3 @entity0 . Most @entity0 received additional ATG at a dose of 15 approximately 20 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for 3 days. CsA, @entity1 ( @entity5 ) and @entity3 were used for @entity6 prophylaxis. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 survived more than 40 days after transplantation were evaluated for engraftment. At day 60 after UCBT, 86% and 71% of the @entity0 showed neutrophil and platelet engraftment, respectively. The time for an absolute neutrophil count > or = 0.5 x 10(9)/L was (21.0 +/- 1.3) days and platelet > or = 20 x 10(9)/L was (39.0 +/- 10.3) days. Four @entity0 developed grade II acute @entity6 and 2 chronic @entity6 . Of the 17 @entity0 , 11 were still alive and 8 of them were in event-free status. For the 10 @entity0 transplanted at stable status, 2 year overall survival is 90%, and event-free survival (EFS) 70%. However, for the 7 @entity0 transplanted at advanced stage of @entity4 , only 2 survived without relapse. Of the 4 adult @entity0 , 2 had sustained engraftment and survived for 18 and 14 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: HLA-matched or 1 approximately 2 loci-mismatched UCBT is a feasible procedure to cure a significant proportion of @entity0 or adults with @entity4 , especially if performed in a favourable phase of disease. Two units of CBT can be used for adult @entity0 if the cell number of one unit is not enough.

title: [Unrelated cord blood transplantation for the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity2 -selective ionotropic receptor constitutes one of the three principal classes of @entity5 receptors within the @entity0 brain. It plays key roles in neuronal differentiation and synapse consolidation, activity-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity, and excitatory @entity3 -mediated @entity1 [Lab. Invest., 68 (1993) 372-387]. @entity2 receptors exist as multimeric complexes comprising proteins from two families, @entity4 and NR2(A-D) [J. Biol. Chem., 271 (1996) 15669-15674]. Studies on recombinant receptors have revealed that while homomeric NR2 receptors are non-functional, co-expression of an @entity4 with an NR2 subunit modulates the efficacy of the resulting channel [Nature, 357 (1992) 70-74]. The RT-PCR assay we describe here was developed to allow quantitation of all hNR2 transcripts in a single-tube PCR assay. Each hNR2 isoform is quantified on the basis of standard curves in which a known amount of synthetic @entity6 competitor is co-amplified against total RNA. The protocol has been applied to the quantitation of hNR2 mRNA levels in autopsy brain. Used in conjunction with a method for the quantitation of @entity4 transcripts [Brain Res. Protoc., in press], a complete analysis of @entity2 receptor mRNA expression can be obtained.

title: Quantitation of XXXX receptor NR2 mRNA transcripts in @entity0 brain by competitive RT-PCR.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity2 -selective ionotropic receptor constitutes one of the three principal classes of @entity5 receptors within the @entity0 brain. It plays key roles in neuronal differentiation and synapse consolidation, activity-dependent forms of synaptic plasticity, and excitatory @entity3 -mediated @entity1 [Lab. Invest., 68 (1993) 372-387]. @entity2 receptors exist as multimeric complexes comprising proteins from two families, @entity4 and NR2(A-D) [J. Biol. Chem., 271 (1996) 15669-15674]. Studies on recombinant receptors have revealed that while homomeric NR2 receptors are non-functional, co-expression of an @entity4 with an NR2 subunit modulates the efficacy of the resulting channel [Nature, 357 (1992) 70-74]. The RT-PCR assay we describe here was developed to allow quantitation of all hNR2 transcripts in a single-tube PCR assay. Each hNR2 isoform is quantified on the basis of standard curves in which a known amount of synthetic @entity6 competitor is co-amplified against total RNA. The protocol has been applied to the quantitation of hNR2 mRNA levels in autopsy brain. Used in conjunction with a method for the quantitation of @entity4 transcripts [Brain Res. Protoc., in press], a complete analysis of @entity2 receptor mRNA expression can be obtained.

title: Quantitation of @entity2 receptor NR2 mRNA transcripts in XXXX brain by competitive RT-PCR.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The benefits of @entity4 in the context of a D2 lymph node dissection are controversial. The aim was to investigate the effects of postoperative @entity4 on the survival of @entity0 with a curative resection for @entity2 and a D2 lymph node dissection. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study. @entity0 operated from 1996 to 2013 were selected. We compared long term survival of @entity0 treated with surgery alone and those with surgery plus postoperative @entity4 . A multivariate analysis for survival was applied in every stage. RESULTS: The study included 580 @entity0 . Two-hundred and four @entity0 received postoperative @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and 376 @entity0 were treated only with surgery (SU). @entity0 in the @entity4 group were younger (60 versus 68, p  <  0.001), had a lower rate of multiple organ resection (21% versus 39%, p  <  0.001) and had @entity1 (14% versus 32%, p  <  0.001). In the @entity4 group, @entity0 had more @entity3 (stage III; 77% versus 66%, p  <  0.001). No difference was found in lymph nodes resected (31 versus 30, p  =  ns). The median survival with @entity4 was 33 months (39% 5 year survival) and 22 months (31% 5 year survival) for @entity0 without @entity4 (p  =  0.003). On multivariate analysis, @entity0 with stage IIIB and IIIC had significantly better overall and disease specific long-term survival with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there is a long-term survival benefit for @entity0 treated with postoperative @entity4 for stages IIIB and IIIC @entity2 after D2 lymph node dissection.

title: Postoperative @entity4 for XXXX improves long-term survival after curative resection and D2 lymphadenectomy. Results from a Latin American Center.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The benefits of @entity4 in the context of a D2 lymph node dissection are controversial. The aim was to investigate the effects of postoperative @entity4 on the survival of @entity0 with a curative resection for @entity2 and a D2 lymph node dissection. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study. @entity0 operated from 1996 to 2013 were selected. We compared long term survival of @entity0 treated with surgery alone and those with surgery plus postoperative @entity4 . A multivariate analysis for survival was applied in every stage. RESULTS: The study included 580 @entity0 . Two-hundred and four @entity0 received postoperative @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and 376 @entity0 were treated only with surgery (SU). @entity0 in the @entity4 group were younger (60 versus 68, p  <  0.001), had a lower rate of multiple organ resection (21% versus 39%, p  <  0.001) and had @entity1 (14% versus 32%, p  <  0.001). In the @entity4 group, @entity0 had more @entity3 (stage III; 77% versus 66%, p  <  0.001). No difference was found in lymph nodes resected (31 versus 30, p  =  ns). The median survival with @entity4 was 33 months (39% 5 year survival) and 22 months (31% 5 year survival) for @entity0 without @entity4 (p  =  0.003). On multivariate analysis, @entity0 with stage IIIB and IIIC had significantly better overall and disease specific long-term survival with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there is a long-term survival benefit for @entity0 treated with postoperative @entity4 for stages IIIB and IIIC @entity2 after D2 lymph node dissection.

title: Postoperative XXXX for @entity2 improves long-term survival after curative resection and D2 lymphadenectomy. Results from a Latin American Center.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Since the first description of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in 1755, multiple surgical techniques have been proposed to repair the @entity1 . Today, the transnasal endoscopic method is the most widely accepted repair technique. The bony choanal plates are perforated, the lateral choanae are drilled, and a portion of the vomer removed. Unfortunately, the problem of @entity3 is a significant issue, and as a result, revision surgery may be a recurring theme in some @entity0 . We describe a successful revision endoscopic technique utilizing a microdebrider with straight and 120 degrees telescopes, image guided surgery, and topical @entity4 -C to permanently open the choanae without stenting. METHODS: Described are six @entity0 (1-15 years old) with @entity8 or @entity3 who have collectively undergone 25 choanal procedures at various institutions. A microdebrider carefully removes the bony septum under direct nasal and intraoral telescopic visualization. No lateral drilling is performed. Image guidance is helpful when @entity7 is present. Topical mitomycin-C minimizes post-operative scarring. The @entity2 is left intact. RESULTS: 2-4-year clinical and endoscopic follow-up on all @entity0 revealed a widely patent nasal airway with no complications ( @entity5 , crusting, or @entity3 ). Synechiae or @entity3 did not occur as circumferential mucosal stripping was avoided. No stenting was needed since the bony septum is removed. CONCLUSION: Near @entity6 provides long-term nasal patency for revision @entity8 repairs. The endoscopic 'common choanae' technique is aided by transnasal and transoral telescopic visualization with precise microdebrider removal of the bony septum. The technique is safe with no complications in our case series.

title: Revision XXXX repair.

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are becoming an attractive target for therapeutic purposes because of their neural crest origin and propensity. Although DPSCs can be successfully cryopreserved, there are hardly any reports on cryopreservation of dental pulp tissues obtained from teeth diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible @entity4 during endodontic treatment and isolation and characterization of DPSCs from such cryopreserved pulp. The aim of this study was to cryopreserve the said pulp tissues to propagate and characterize isolated DPSCs. METHODS: A medium consisting of 90% fetal bovine serum and 10% @entity3 was used for cryopreservation of pulp tissues. DPSCs were isolated from fresh and cryopreserved pulp tissues using an enzymatic method. Cell viability and proliferation were determined using the @entity1 [ @entity2 ] assay. DPSC migration and interaction were analyzed with the wound healing assay. Mesenchymal characteristics of DPSCs were verified by flow cytometric analysis of cell surface CD markers. The osteogenic and adipogenic potential of DPSCs was shown by von Kossa and oil red O staining methods, respectively, and the polymerase chain reaction method. RESULT: We found no significant difference in CD marker expression and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs obtained from fresh and cryopreserved dental pulp tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that dental pulp can be successfully cryopreserved without losing normal characteristics and differentiation potential of their DPSCs, thus making them suitable for dental banking and future therapeutic purposes.

title: Isolation and Characterization of @entity0 Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Cryopreserved Pulp Tissues Obtained from Teeth with Irreversible XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are becoming an attractive target for therapeutic purposes because of their neural crest origin and propensity. Although DPSCs can be successfully cryopreserved, there are hardly any reports on cryopreservation of dental pulp tissues obtained from teeth diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible @entity4 during endodontic treatment and isolation and characterization of DPSCs from such cryopreserved pulp. The aim of this study was to cryopreserve the said pulp tissues to propagate and characterize isolated DPSCs. METHODS: A medium consisting of 90% fetal bovine serum and 10% @entity3 was used for cryopreservation of pulp tissues. DPSCs were isolated from fresh and cryopreserved pulp tissues using an enzymatic method. Cell viability and proliferation were determined using the @entity1 [ @entity2 ] assay. DPSC migration and interaction were analyzed with the wound healing assay. Mesenchymal characteristics of DPSCs were verified by flow cytometric analysis of cell surface CD markers. The osteogenic and adipogenic potential of DPSCs was shown by von Kossa and oil red O staining methods, respectively, and the polymerase chain reaction method. RESULT: We found no significant difference in CD marker expression and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs obtained from fresh and cryopreserved dental pulp tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that dental pulp can be successfully cryopreserved without losing normal characteristics and differentiation potential of their DPSCs, thus making them suitable for dental banking and future therapeutic purposes.

title: Isolation and Characterization of XXXX Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Cryopreserved Pulp Tissues Obtained from Teeth with Irreversible @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity8 represent a frequent pathology among elderly population, with potentially devastating consequences. More than 20  years have passed since percutaneous vertebroplasty was initially used in the treatment of @entity6 , representing nowadays a widely used treatment for @entity7 . The authors present a retrospective review of 59 consecutive @entity0 (in total 94 fractured levels) that underwent polymethylmethacrylate percutaneous vertebroplasty for @entity8 due to senile or secondary @entity2 . All @entity3 were free from neurologic involvement and were classified as A1 type according to Magerl classification. All of @entity0 were initially treated conservatively, by application of orthosis that allows immediate deambulation. At control, @entity0 who complained of @entity1 and limitation of daily activities underwent MRI. If presence of marrow signal changes, especially hypertense signal in T2-weighted images was confirmed, percutaneous vertebroplasty procedure was performed (we could call it "sub-acute" procedure). A limited group of @entity0 that did not tolerate brace and had an insufficient @entity1 control underwent vertebroplasty "in acute", few days after @entity3 . Immediate post-operative @entity1 reduction and follow-up clinical outcome (estimating quality of @entity4 ) were evaluated by means of Visual Analogue Scale, SF-36 and @entity5 Index. In the immediate post-operative course a significant @entity1 relief was found in 39 @entity0 (66.1%), moderate @entity1 relief in 17 (28.8%), while 3 (5.1%) did not achieve relevant @entity1 improvement. @entity1 intensity and life quality was maintained within satisfactory limits after a mean follow-up of 16  months. In conclusion, percutaneous vertebroplasty is an effective and safe procedure for treating @entity8 in the elderly. It provides immediate @entity1 relief and allows early mobilization, thus avoiding potentially severe complications related to persistent back @entity1 and prolonged bed rest. When performed by experienced surgeon complication rate is low, representing a safe procedure, able to provide a satisfactory outcome.

title: Vertebroplasty: benefits are more than risks in selected and evidence-based informed XXXX . A retrospective study of 59 cases.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The study was designed to assess the effects of local heat (LH) application on postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) measured by microneurography in healthy @entity0 . In the first protocol, MSNA of the left peroneal nerve, blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and skin temperature of the shin ( @entity2 ) were recorded in nine @entity0 . In the second protocol, leg blood flow (LBF) was measured in the same subjects by strain-gauge plethysmography. In both protocols, after 10 min of rest in the supine position, a heated hydrocollator pack was applied to the shin and anterior foot for 15 min and recovery was monitored over a period of 20 min. @entity2 gradually increased from 31.7    0.1 to 41.9    0.5  C (mean    SEM) during LH. No subject complained of @entity1 , and BP and HR remained constant. The MSNA burst rate (16.1    2.1 beats/min) during the control period decreased significantly (P < 0.05) to 72.0    2.3% during LH. Total MSNA also decreased to 59.2    2.6% (P < 0.05) during LH, but both immediately returned to baseline at recovery. In contrast, LBF in the left leg significantly and immediately increased (P < 0.05) after LH application and remained significantly elevated until the end of the recovery period. These results suggest that: (1) LH application significantly attenuates MSNA without any changes in HR and BP. (2) Other factors in addition to MSNA seem to control regional blood flow in the lower extremity during LH.

title: Local heat application to the leg reduces muscle sympathetic nerve activity in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyse the relation between serum @entity3 concentration and hospital outcome across the whole spectrum of @entity6 . METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of 2127 @entity0 presenting with @entity6 . The @entity0 were stratified into quartile groups (Q1 to Q4) defined by serum @entity3 concentrations of 5.8, 7.2, and 10.0 mmol/l. The relation between quartile group and major in-hospital complications was analysed. RESULTS: The proportion of @entity0 with @entity4 increased incrementally across the quartile groups, from 21.4% in Q1 to 47.9% in Q4 (p < 0.0001). The trend for frequency of in-hospital major complications was similar, particularly @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (Q1 6.4%, Q4 25.2%, p < 0.0001) and @entity2 (Q1 0.7%, Q4 6.1%, p < 0.0001). The relations were linear, each @entity3 quartile increment being associated with an odds ratio of 1.46 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27 to 1.70) for @entity5 and 1.52 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.97) for @entity2 . Although complication rates were higher for a discharge diagnosis of @entity4 than for @entity7 , there was no evidence that the effects of serum @entity3 concentration were different for the two groups, there being no significant interaction with discharge diagnosis in the associations between @entity3 quartile and @entity5 (p = 0.69) or @entity2 (p = 0.17). Similarly there was no significant interaction with @entity1 status in the associations between @entity3 quartile and @entity5 (p = 0.08) or @entity2 (p = 0.09). CONCLUSION: Admission glycaemia stratified @entity0 with @entity6 according to their risk of in-hospital @entity5 and cardiac mortality. There was no detectable glycaemic threshold for these adverse effects. The prognostic correlates of admission glycaemia were unaffected by @entity1 status and did not differ significantly between @entity0 with @entity4 and those with @entity7 .

title: A single serum XXXX measurement predicts adverse outcomes across the whole range of @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyse the relation between serum @entity3 concentration and hospital outcome across the whole spectrum of @entity6 . METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of 2127 @entity0 presenting with @entity6 . The @entity0 were stratified into quartile groups (Q1 to Q4) defined by serum @entity3 concentrations of 5.8, 7.2, and 10.0 mmol/l. The relation between quartile group and major in-hospital complications was analysed. RESULTS: The proportion of @entity0 with @entity4 increased incrementally across the quartile groups, from 21.4% in Q1 to 47.9% in Q4 (p < 0.0001). The trend for frequency of in-hospital major complications was similar, particularly @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (Q1 6.4%, Q4 25.2%, p < 0.0001) and @entity2 (Q1 0.7%, Q4 6.1%, p < 0.0001). The relations were linear, each @entity3 quartile increment being associated with an odds ratio of 1.46 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27 to 1.70) for @entity5 and 1.52 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.97) for @entity2 . Although complication rates were higher for a discharge diagnosis of @entity4 than for @entity7 , there was no evidence that the effects of serum @entity3 concentration were different for the two groups, there being no significant interaction with discharge diagnosis in the associations between @entity3 quartile and @entity5 (p = 0.69) or @entity2 (p = 0.17). Similarly there was no significant interaction with @entity1 status in the associations between @entity3 quartile and @entity5 (p = 0.08) or @entity2 (p = 0.09). CONCLUSION: Admission glycaemia stratified @entity0 with @entity6 according to their risk of in-hospital @entity5 and cardiac mortality. There was no detectable glycaemic threshold for these adverse effects. The prognostic correlates of admission glycaemia were unaffected by @entity1 status and did not differ significantly between @entity0 with @entity4 and those with @entity7 .

title: A single serum @entity3 measurement predicts adverse outcomes across the whole range of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Different definitions of virologic relapse (VR) are being used. One way of defining VR is "reappearance of @entity1 DNA in the serum," while another definition is an "increase in @entity1 DNA level greater than 1 log in two determinations at least 4 weeks apart." The aim of this study was to see the effectiveness of these two definitions METHODS: Forty-five HBeAg-positive @entity2 @entity0 with a virologic response [negative PCR (<12 IU/ml)] who had discontinued therapy were analyzed retrospectively for VR, HBeAg reversion and biochemical flare. RESULTS: @entity1 DNA reappeared in the serum (>= 12 IU/ml) of all 45 @entity0 (100%). An increase in @entity1 DNA level greater than 1 log in two determinations at least 4 weeks apart was identified in 20 of 25 @entity0 (80%). Biochemical flare and HBeAg reversion were observed in 18 (40%) and 14 (31%) @entity0 , respectively. Peak off-therapy @entity1 DNA level was significantly associated with biochemical flare (r=0.758, P<0.001) and HBeAg reversion (r=0.645, P<0.001). Two @entity0 with high initial off-therapy @entity1 DNA levels (>= 4.0 log(10) IU/ml) were reassessed at 4 weeks, and both experienced a biochemical flare and HBeAg reversion. Two @entity0 had an increase in @entity1 DNA level greater than 1 log at a very low level (1 log to 2 or 3 log), but did not experience biochemical flare or HBeAg reversion during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Reappearance of @entity1 DNA was universal when sensitive @entity1 DNA assay was used. Waiting 4 weeks to confirm VR may be harmful for @entity0 with a high @entity1 DNA level, and was ineffective to indicate re-therapy for @entity0 with increase in @entity1 DNA at a very low level. There is a need for improved and standardized definitions of VR.

title: Defining virologic relapse in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 32-year-old male @entity0 who was @entity1 positive presented at the Wits Oral Health Centre complaining of a large swelling of the left submandibular region of three years' duration. The swelling was nontender, soft and doughy on palpation and appeared to be crossing the midline. Bilateral submandibular and @entity3 was present. Intraorally the lesion caused considerable elevation of the @entity2 and impaired the flow of saliva. Fluid from the lesion was aspirated and the @entity0 sent for MRI examination. These images revealed a multilocular cystic lesion causing disruption of the mylohyold muscle. The aspirate consisted of a thick, bloody fluid which tested positive for salivary amylase. A provisional diagnosis of plunging @entity4 was made. The multilocular nature of the lesion seen on MRI prompted a more extensive surgical approach in order to prevent recurrence. Consequently the sublingual gland was removed via an intraoral approach while the multilocular cyst was dissected by means of a submandibular approach in order to effect complete removal. Microscopic examination of the submitted specimen confirmed the clinical diagnosis of a plunging @entity4 .

title: Plunging XXXX : an unusual multilocular presentation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Colonoscopic diagnosis of @entity7 is a rather easy task, although some small @entity6 might be missed when they are situated around the steep angulation or behind the fold. A correct diagnosis of @entity8 is difficult not only by colonoscopy but also by biopsy because the @entity2 focus may be small or not exposed on the polyp surface. Therefore, colonoscopic polypectomy is the best procedure of choice for correct histologic diagnosis of @entity3 . Only by polypectomy can correct diagnosis of @entity3 be made, although there are various endoscopic signs such as irregularity of the surface configuration and white spots on the surrounding mucosa suggesting @entity3 . Over the course of several years experience of colonoscopy we have encountered small flat elevations under 1 cm in diameter of which 58% were benign @entity4 and 42% contained minute foci of @entity3 . These small flat lesions might have been missed quite easily during routine examination in the past and they might play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity5 . @entity6 can be adequately treated by polypectomy only, whereas @entity3 needs further treatment as it has a risk of node @entity1 . Risk factors influencing @entity1 are lymphatic permeation, poorly differentiated @entity3 , massive invasion close to the cut end. Only when one of these findings is seen in the removed polyp, further surgical treatment must be considered. However, the @entity0 's general condition, age and site of the polyp should be carefully taken into account in order to choose the appropriate treatment in each individual case as the risk of @entity1 under such situations mentioned above is not so high. Management of @entity3 is still a controversial issue and a long-term, clinicopathologic study will be needed to solve this question.

title: [Endoscopic diagnosis and management of XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: CONTEXT: Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products ( @entity4 ) mediates cellular injury. Soluble forms of @entity4 [soluble @entity4 (sRAGE), endogenous secretory (esRAGE)] bind @entity4 ligands, thereby preventing downstream signaling and damage. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to characterize the changes in maternal serum, amniotic fluid, and cord blood soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) during physiological gestation and to provide insight into mechanisms responsible for @entity4 activation in @entity2 . DESIGN AND SETTINGS: This was a cross-sectional study at a tertiary university hospital. @entity0 : We studied 135 @entity0 in the following groups: nonpregnant controls (n = 16), healthy pregnant controls (n = 68), pregnant @entity0 with chronic @entity1 (n = 13), or pregnant @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ; n = 38). INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: sRAGE and esRAGE levels were evaluated in vivo by ELISA in maternal serum, amniotic fluid, and cord blood and in vitro after stimulation of the amniochorion and placental explants with lipopolysaccharide or @entity3 / @entity3 oxidase. Placenta and amniochorion were immunostained for @entity4 . Real-time quantitative PCR measured @entity4 mRNA. RESULTS: Pregnant @entity0 had significantly decreased serum sRAGE compared with nonpregnant subjects (P < 0.001). @entity2 @entity0 had higher serum and amniotic fluid sRAGE and esRAGE relative to those expected for gestational age (P < 0.001). Cord blood sRAGE remained unaffected by @entity2 . @entity4 immunoreactivity and mRNA expression appeared elevated in the amniochorion of @entity2 @entity0 . @entity3 / @entity3 oxidase (but not lipopolysaccharide) significantly up-regulated the release of sRAGE (P < 0.001) in the amniochorion explant system. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal membranes are a rich source of sRAGE. Elevated maternal serum and amniotic fluid sRAGE and esRAGE, paralleled by increased @entity4 expression in the amniochorion, suggest activation of this system in @entity2 .

title: Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products system in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products ( @entity4 ) mediates cellular injury. Soluble forms of @entity4 [soluble @entity4 (sRAGE), endogenous secretory (esRAGE)] bind @entity4 ligands, thereby preventing downstream signaling and damage. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to characterize the changes in maternal serum, amniotic fluid, and cord blood soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) during physiological gestation and to provide insight into mechanisms responsible for @entity4 activation in @entity2 . DESIGN AND SETTINGS: This was a cross-sectional study at a tertiary university hospital. @entity0 : We studied 135 @entity0 in the following groups: nonpregnant controls (n = 16), healthy pregnant controls (n = 68), pregnant @entity0 with chronic @entity1 (n = 13), or pregnant @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ; n = 38). INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: sRAGE and esRAGE levels were evaluated in vivo by ELISA in maternal serum, amniotic fluid, and cord blood and in vitro after stimulation of the amniochorion and placental explants with lipopolysaccharide or @entity3 / @entity3 oxidase. Placenta and amniochorion were immunostained for @entity4 . Real-time quantitative PCR measured @entity4 mRNA. RESULTS: Pregnant @entity0 had significantly decreased serum sRAGE compared with nonpregnant subjects (P < 0.001). @entity2 @entity0 had higher serum and amniotic fluid sRAGE and esRAGE relative to those expected for gestational age (P < 0.001). Cord blood sRAGE remained unaffected by @entity2 . @entity4 immunoreactivity and mRNA expression appeared elevated in the amniochorion of @entity2 @entity0 . @entity3 / @entity3 oxidase (but not lipopolysaccharide) significantly up-regulated the release of sRAGE (P < 0.001) in the amniochorion explant system. CONCLUSIONS: Fetal membranes are a rich source of sRAGE. Elevated maternal serum and amniotic fluid sRAGE and esRAGE, paralleled by increased @entity4 expression in the amniochorion, suggest activation of this system in @entity2 .

title: Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products system in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0