abstract: PURPOSE: As important ion channels of the central nervous system, @entity2 channels not only take part in epileptogenesis but also act as the targets of commonly used @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Thus, this study aimed to provide the first investigation of the association between @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AED resistance in the Chinese Han population. METHODS: We performed genotyping of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) of @entity4 H in 480 Chinese @entity1 @entity0 (288 drug-responsive and 192 drug-resistant @entity0 ). The Illumina GoldenGate BeadArray assay was used to detect the genotypes of all of the @entity0 . A total of 15 SNPs were selected based on the HapMap database. The genotype distributions in drug-responsive and drug-resistant @entity0 were compared, and the haplotype frequencies of each gene were calculated. RESULTS: None of the 15 tagSNPs alleles were found to be associated with @entity1 . However, the frequency of the TAGAA haplotype in @entity4 was significantly higher in drug-resistant @entity0 than in drug-responsive @entity0 after the correction of multiple comparisons with Bonferroni's method (TAGAA 13.3% vs. 7.1%, OR=2.129 [1.373-3.299], P=0.00059<0.05/10). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed no association between the 15 tagSNPs of @entity4 , 1C, and 1H and drug efficacy in the Chinese Han population. The TAGAA haplotype of @entity4 may be a risk factor for AED resistance.

title: Association study between polymorphisms in the @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity6 genes and XXXX in the Chinese Han population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: As important ion channels of the central nervous system, @entity2 channels not only take part in epileptogenesis but also act as the targets of commonly used @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Thus, this study aimed to provide the first investigation of the association between @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AED resistance in the Chinese Han population. METHODS: We performed genotyping of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) of @entity4 H in 480 Chinese @entity1 @entity0 (288 drug-responsive and 192 drug-resistant @entity0 ). The Illumina GoldenGate BeadArray assay was used to detect the genotypes of all of the @entity0 . A total of 15 SNPs were selected based on the HapMap database. The genotype distributions in drug-responsive and drug-resistant @entity0 were compared, and the haplotype frequencies of each gene were calculated. RESULTS: None of the 15 tagSNPs alleles were found to be associated with @entity1 . However, the frequency of the TAGAA haplotype in @entity4 was significantly higher in drug-resistant @entity0 than in drug-responsive @entity0 after the correction of multiple comparisons with Bonferroni's method (TAGAA 13.3% vs. 7.1%, OR=2.129 [1.373-3.299], P=0.00059<0.05/10). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed no association between the 15 tagSNPs of @entity4 , 1C, and 1H and drug efficacy in the Chinese Han population. The TAGAA haplotype of @entity4 may be a risk factor for AED resistance.

title: Association study between polymorphisms in the @entity4 , XXXX , and @entity6 genes and @entity1 in the Chinese Han population.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: As important ion channels of the central nervous system, @entity2 channels not only take part in epileptogenesis but also act as the targets of commonly used @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Thus, this study aimed to provide the first investigation of the association between @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AED resistance in the Chinese Han population. METHODS: We performed genotyping of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) of @entity4 H in 480 Chinese @entity1 @entity0 (288 drug-responsive and 192 drug-resistant @entity0 ). The Illumina GoldenGate BeadArray assay was used to detect the genotypes of all of the @entity0 . A total of 15 SNPs were selected based on the HapMap database. The genotype distributions in drug-responsive and drug-resistant @entity0 were compared, and the haplotype frequencies of each gene were calculated. RESULTS: None of the 15 tagSNPs alleles were found to be associated with @entity1 . However, the frequency of the TAGAA haplotype in @entity4 was significantly higher in drug-resistant @entity0 than in drug-responsive @entity0 after the correction of multiple comparisons with Bonferroni's method (TAGAA 13.3% vs. 7.1%, OR=2.129 [1.373-3.299], P=0.00059<0.05/10). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed no association between the 15 tagSNPs of @entity4 , 1C, and 1H and drug efficacy in the Chinese Han population. The TAGAA haplotype of @entity4 may be a risk factor for AED resistance.

title: Association study between polymorphisms in the XXXX , @entity5 , and @entity6 genes and @entity1 in the Chinese Han population.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   Negative angiography @entity2 , also known as idiopathic @entity2 (iSAH), is a challenging pathologic condition whose evolution and final outcome is difficult to predict with certainty. This article describes the clinical features, the type of complications and rates, as well as the final outcome of @entity0 with iSAH. Methods   A prospective evaluation of @entity0 with @entity2 was performed. @entity0 with a diagnosis of iSAH were included. Demographic data, clinical features, complication rates, and functional outcomes were all collected. iSAH cases were subsequently compared with @entity0 with @entity1 @entity2 (aSAH) taken from the same period. Results   Forty-nine @entity0 fulfilled the criteria for iSAH. @entity0 with aSAH presented with a worse clinical condition and had a larger amount of blood in the initial computed tomography (CT) scan than iSAH @entity0 . There were no differences in the incidence of acute @entity3 , and there was a positive correlation with the Fisher score and the initial clinical status in both groups. @entity4 was more frequent among @entity0 with aSAH, but the relationship between the incidence of @entity4 and the amount of blood in the initial CT scan was not linear. Good functional outcome was present in   >   90% of iSAH @entity0 . Conclusions   Although iSAH generally has a good prognosis, it may be accompanied with serious complications. The incidence of acute @entity3 in iSAH is similar to that in aSAH. There is a lower incidence of @entity4 in iSAH than aSAH. A different relationship seems to exist between these complications and the amount of blood in the CT scan.

title: Clinical Features and Complications in XXXX : Case Studies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity0 dehydrogenase II isozyme (enzyme, ADHII; structural gene, @entity7 ) of the @entity1 , @entity1 , is under stringent @entity3 catabolite control. This cytoplasmic isozyme exhibits negligible activity during growth in media containing fermentable @entity3 sources such as @entity2 and is maximal during growth on nonfermentable @entity3 sources. A recessive mutation, @entity8 -1, and possibly two other alleles at this locus, were selected for their ability to decrease Ty-activated @entity7 -6c expression. The @entity8 -1 mutation led to decreased ADHII activity in both @entity7 -6c and @entity7 + strains, and to decreased levels of @entity7 mRNA. Ty transcription and the expression of two other @entity3 catabolite regulated enzymes, isocitrate lyase and @entity4 dehydrogenase, were unaffected by the @entity8 -1 mutation. @entity8 -1/ @entity8 -1 strains were defective for sporulation, indicating that @entity8 mutations may have pleiotropic effects. The sporulation defect was not a consequence of decreased @entity5 activity. Since the @entity7 -6c mutation is due to insertion of a 5.6-kb Ty element at the TATAA box, it appears that the @entity8 +-dependent ADHII activity required @entity7 sequences 3' to or including the TATAA box. The @entity7 upstream activating sequence (UAS) was probably not required. The @entity8 locus was unlinked to the @entity6 gene which encodes another trans-acting element required for @entity7 expression.

title: The identification and characterization of @entity8 , a gene required for sporulation and for expression of the XXXX dehydrogenase II isozyme from @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity0 dehydrogenase II isozyme (enzyme, ADHII; structural gene, @entity7 ) of the @entity1 , @entity1 , is under stringent @entity3 catabolite control. This cytoplasmic isozyme exhibits negligible activity during growth in media containing fermentable @entity3 sources such as @entity2 and is maximal during growth on nonfermentable @entity3 sources. A recessive mutation, @entity8 -1, and possibly two other alleles at this locus, were selected for their ability to decrease Ty-activated @entity7 -6c expression. The @entity8 -1 mutation led to decreased ADHII activity in both @entity7 -6c and @entity7 + strains, and to decreased levels of @entity7 mRNA. Ty transcription and the expression of two other @entity3 catabolite regulated enzymes, isocitrate lyase and @entity4 dehydrogenase, were unaffected by the @entity8 -1 mutation. @entity8 -1/ @entity8 -1 strains were defective for sporulation, indicating that @entity8 mutations may have pleiotropic effects. The sporulation defect was not a consequence of decreased @entity5 activity. Since the @entity7 -6c mutation is due to insertion of a 5.6-kb Ty element at the TATAA box, it appears that the @entity8 +-dependent ADHII activity required @entity7 sequences 3' to or including the TATAA box. The @entity7 upstream activating sequence (UAS) was probably not required. The @entity8 locus was unlinked to the @entity6 gene which encodes another trans-acting element required for @entity7 expression.

title: The identification and characterization of @entity8 , a gene required for sporulation and for expression of the @entity0 dehydrogenase II isozyme from XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The @entity0 dehydrogenase II isozyme (enzyme, ADHII; structural gene, @entity7 ) of the @entity1 , @entity1 , is under stringent @entity3 catabolite control. This cytoplasmic isozyme exhibits negligible activity during growth in media containing fermentable @entity3 sources such as @entity2 and is maximal during growth on nonfermentable @entity3 sources. A recessive mutation, @entity8 -1, and possibly two other alleles at this locus, were selected for their ability to decrease Ty-activated @entity7 -6c expression. The @entity8 -1 mutation led to decreased ADHII activity in both @entity7 -6c and @entity7 + strains, and to decreased levels of @entity7 mRNA. Ty transcription and the expression of two other @entity3 catabolite regulated enzymes, isocitrate lyase and @entity4 dehydrogenase, were unaffected by the @entity8 -1 mutation. @entity8 -1/ @entity8 -1 strains were defective for sporulation, indicating that @entity8 mutations may have pleiotropic effects. The sporulation defect was not a consequence of decreased @entity5 activity. Since the @entity7 -6c mutation is due to insertion of a 5.6-kb Ty element at the TATAA box, it appears that the @entity8 +-dependent ADHII activity required @entity7 sequences 3' to or including the TATAA box. The @entity7 upstream activating sequence (UAS) was probably not required. The @entity8 locus was unlinked to the @entity6 gene which encodes another trans-acting element required for @entity7 expression.

title: The identification and characterization of XXXX , a gene required for sporulation and for expression of the @entity0 dehydrogenase II isozyme from @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Characteristics of electrical activities, and the relationship between electrical and motor activities, were studied in circular and longitudinal (taenia) muscle of the @entity0 colon that was obtained from 21 individuals. Recordings were obtained with suction electrodes, the @entity2 -gap method, and microelectrodes. The circular muscle electrical activity consisted of oscillatory activity of relatively low amplitude, with a frequency range from 4.5 to 60 cycle/min. Spiking activity was present on most oscillations. Contractile activity was associated with individual oscillations at frequencies below 12 cycle/min. Contractions related to periods of oscillations at frequencies above 12 cycle/min showed summation resulting in prolonged contractions. In these periods, oscillations were either of relatively high amplitude, or had superimposed spiking activity. Longitudinal muscle activity consisted of slow electrical oscillations at frequencies between 24 and 36 cycle/min with spiking activity superimposed on most oscillations. Contractions were related to bursts of such activity. These findings provide the electrophysiologic basis for short and prolonged phasic contractions and for sustained contractions of the @entity0 @entity1 . Activities in both @entity1 were myogenic in nature, were very sensitive to stretch, and could be initiated or modulated by nervous activity.

title: Electrophysiologic control of motility in the XXXX colon.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of published data on the prevalence of @entity4 conditions within large, integrated healthcare organizations in the U.S.A. Such data are essential to inform the development of appropriate treatment programs. METHODS: Twenty-five selected @entity2 conditions were used to identify @entity0 receiving care within the Henry Ford Health System (HFHS) who were enrolled in the Health Alliance Plan (HAP), a subsidiary of HFHS. @entity0 aged >=   18  years, enrolled in HAP in 2010, and having >=   2 encounters, >=   30  days apart, with an ICD-9-CM diagnosis code for a @entity2 condition of interest during 2010 were counted. Variables included in the study were as follows: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and Charlson comorbidity conditions and index score. RESULTS: Altogether, 14,784 @entity0 (11.6% of the total adult population) met the criteria for having a @entity4 condition. Overall, the study population was 64.4% female and had mean age (SD) of 61.2 (15.6) years and mean BMI of 31.4 (7.2) kg/m(2) . @entity5 conditions were the most common diagnoses, comprising 75.4% of all @entity2 diagnoses. @entity1 and chronic @entity3 were the most common medical comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: In this comprehensive analysis of 2  years of data from a large, vertically integrated metropolitan health system, @entity4 was identified in 12% of adult @entity0 . Approximately 75% of @entity4 conditions were musculoskeletal. The triad of age >=   60  years, BMI  >=   30, and female sex were the most salient demographic characteristics of @entity0 with @entity4 conditions. These diagnostic and demographic data may be used to inform treatment program development.

title: Prevalence of XXXX in a Large Integrated Healthcare Delivery System in the U.S.A.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oral anticoagulation (OAC) to prevent @entity1 has to be balanced against the potential harm of serious @entity4 , especially @entity5 ( @entity5 ). We determined the net clinical benefit (NCB) balancing effectiveness and safety of no antithrombotic therapy, @entity2 and @entity6 in AF @entity0 with none or one @entity1 risk factor. Using Danish registries, we determined NCB using various definitions intrinsic to our cohort (Danish weights at 1 and 5 year follow-up), with risk weights which were derived from the hazard ratio (HR) of @entity3 following an event, relative to HR of @entity3 after @entity1 . When @entity2 was compared to no treatment, NCB was neutral or negative for both risk strata. For @entity6 vs no treatment, NCB using Danish weights was neutral where no risk factors were present and using five years follow-up. For one @entity1 risk factor, NCB was positive for @entity6 vs no treatment, for one year and five year follow-up. For @entity6 vs @entity2 use in @entity0 with no risk factors, NCB was positive with one year follow-up, but neutral with five year follow-up. With one risk factor, NCB was generally positive for @entity6 vs @entity2 . In conclusion, we show a positive overall advantage (i.e. positive NCB) of effective @entity1 prevention with OAC, compared to no therapy or @entity2 with one additional @entity1 risk factor, using Danish weights. 'Low risk' AF @entity0 with no additional @entity1 risk factors (i.e.CHA2DS2-VASc 0 in males, 1 in females) do not derive any advantage (neutral or negative NCB) with @entity2 , nor with @entity6 therapy in the long run.

title: Non-valvular atrial fibrillation @entity0 with none or one additional risk factor of the CHA2DS2-VASc score. A comprehensive net clinical benefit analysis for @entity6 , XXXX , or no therapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oral anticoagulation (OAC) to prevent @entity1 has to be balanced against the potential harm of serious @entity4 , especially @entity5 ( @entity5 ). We determined the net clinical benefit (NCB) balancing effectiveness and safety of no antithrombotic therapy, @entity2 and @entity6 in AF @entity0 with none or one @entity1 risk factor. Using Danish registries, we determined NCB using various definitions intrinsic to our cohort (Danish weights at 1 and 5 year follow-up), with risk weights which were derived from the hazard ratio (HR) of @entity3 following an event, relative to HR of @entity3 after @entity1 . When @entity2 was compared to no treatment, NCB was neutral or negative for both risk strata. For @entity6 vs no treatment, NCB using Danish weights was neutral where no risk factors were present and using five years follow-up. For one @entity1 risk factor, NCB was positive for @entity6 vs no treatment, for one year and five year follow-up. For @entity6 vs @entity2 use in @entity0 with no risk factors, NCB was positive with one year follow-up, but neutral with five year follow-up. With one risk factor, NCB was generally positive for @entity6 vs @entity2 . In conclusion, we show a positive overall advantage (i.e. positive NCB) of effective @entity1 prevention with OAC, compared to no therapy or @entity2 with one additional @entity1 risk factor, using Danish weights. 'Low risk' AF @entity0 with no additional @entity1 risk factors (i.e.CHA2DS2-VASc 0 in males, 1 in females) do not derive any advantage (neutral or negative NCB) with @entity2 , nor with @entity6 therapy in the long run.

title: Non-valvular atrial fibrillation @entity0 with none or one additional risk factor of the CHA2DS2-VASc score. A comprehensive net clinical benefit analysis for XXXX , @entity2 , or no therapy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oral anticoagulation (OAC) to prevent @entity1 has to be balanced against the potential harm of serious @entity4 , especially @entity5 ( @entity5 ). We determined the net clinical benefit (NCB) balancing effectiveness and safety of no antithrombotic therapy, @entity2 and @entity6 in AF @entity0 with none or one @entity1 risk factor. Using Danish registries, we determined NCB using various definitions intrinsic to our cohort (Danish weights at 1 and 5 year follow-up), with risk weights which were derived from the hazard ratio (HR) of @entity3 following an event, relative to HR of @entity3 after @entity1 . When @entity2 was compared to no treatment, NCB was neutral or negative for both risk strata. For @entity6 vs no treatment, NCB using Danish weights was neutral where no risk factors were present and using five years follow-up. For one @entity1 risk factor, NCB was positive for @entity6 vs no treatment, for one year and five year follow-up. For @entity6 vs @entity2 use in @entity0 with no risk factors, NCB was positive with one year follow-up, but neutral with five year follow-up. With one risk factor, NCB was generally positive for @entity6 vs @entity2 . In conclusion, we show a positive overall advantage (i.e. positive NCB) of effective @entity1 prevention with OAC, compared to no therapy or @entity2 with one additional @entity1 risk factor, using Danish weights. 'Low risk' AF @entity0 with no additional @entity1 risk factors (i.e.CHA2DS2-VASc 0 in males, 1 in females) do not derive any advantage (neutral or negative NCB) with @entity2 , nor with @entity6 therapy in the long run.

title: Non-valvular atrial fibrillation XXXX with none or one additional risk factor of the CHA2DS2-VASc score. A comprehensive net clinical benefit analysis for @entity6 , @entity2 , or no therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pro-survival @entity3 family members can promote @entity1 development and contribute to treatment resistance. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is frequently characterized by overexpression of anti-apoptotic @entity3 family members. Increased levels of these anti-apoptotic proteins have been associated with radio- and chemoresistance and poor clinical outcome. Inhibition of anti-apoptotic @entity3 family members therefore represents an appealing strategy to overcome resistance to anti- @entity1 therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate combined effects of radiation and the pan- @entity3 inhibitor AT-101 in @entity2 in vitro. In addition, we determined @entity0 plasma levels of AT-101 obtained from a phase I/II trial, and compared these with the effective in vitro concentrations to substantiate therapeutic opportunities. METHODS: We examined the effect of AT-101, radiation and the combination on apoptosis induction and clonogenic survival in two @entity2 cell lines that express the target proteins. Apoptosis was assessed by @entity5 staining to detect morphological nuclear changes and/or by @entity6 staining and flow-cytometry analysis to quantify sub-diploid apoptotic nuclei. The type of interaction between AT-101 and radiation was evaluated by calculating the Combination Index (CI) and by performing isobolographic analysis. For the pharmacokinetic analysis, plasma AT-101 levels were measured by HPLC in blood samples collected from @entity0 enrolled in our clinical phase I/II study. These @entity0 with locally advanced @entity2 were treated with standard @entity4 -based chemoradiotherapy and received dose-escalating oral AT-101 in a 2-weeks daily schedule every 3  weeks. RESULTS: In vitro results showed that AT-101 enhances radiation-induced apoptosis with CI's below 1.0, indicating synergy. This effect was sequence-dependent. Clonogenic survival assays demonstrated a radiosensitizing effect with a DEF37 of 1.3 at sub-apoptotic concentrations of AT-101. Pharmacokinetic analysis of @entity0 blood samples taken between 30  min and 24  h after intake of AT-101 showed a dose-dependent increase in plasma concentration with peak levels up to 300-700  ng/ml between 1.5 and 2.5  h after intake. CONCLUSION: AT-101 is a competent enhancer of radiation-induced apoptosis in @entity2 in vitro. In addition, in vitro radiosensitization was observed at clinically attainable plasma levels. These finding support further evaluation of the combination of AT-101 with radiation in @entity3 -overexpressing @entity1 .

title: Targeting anti-apoptotic XXXX by AT-101 to increase radiation efficacy: data from in vitro and clinical pharmacokinetic studies in head and neck cancer.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Thiazide diuretics have been in use for over 30 years in the treatment of @entity2 . Their action results in a reduction in peripheral resistance without a significant @entity9 or a major shift in plasma volume. They are as or more effective than any of the other antihypertensive agents when used as monotherapy and can serve as baseline therapy in combination with any of the available adrenergic, converting enzyme-inhibiting agents, or @entity4 -entry blockers. There is a high degree of @entity0 acceptance; titration to an effective dosage is relatively easy; and cost, relatively low. Although certain undesirable metabolic changes may occur following the use of these agents, most of them are controllable, and there is no evidence to date that they offset the benefits achieved by blood pressure lowering. Asymptomatic elevated uric acids have not been shown to be of great significance. If gout occurs, it can be managed. Alterations in @entity3 metabolism may occur, and in some @entity0 , it appears that blood @entity3 levels are elevated over time. This is not a desirable metabolic change, but is one of doubtful prognostic significance. Changes in lipids are generally short-term, and in the major clinical trials, lipid levels have not remained elevated with a continuation of diuretic therapy. Although diuretics produce @entity10 in a fairly high percentage of @entity0 , this is not generally severe (less than 3.3 mEq per liter) and usually does not produce symptoms. There is no firm evidence that the @entity10 produced by diuretics predisposes the @entity0 to severe @entity6 or @entity7 , although this point has been emphasized repeatedly in recent publications. Diuretics can usually be given without @entity8 -maintenance therapy. However, @entity10 should be prevented in the elderly, in @entity0 with @entity5 , @entity11 and those on digitalis, or with @entity1 . We prefer @entity8 -sparing agents along with a diuretic over supplements to prevent @entity10 ; the number of pills is kept at a reasonable level, and cost is minimized. Physicians should continue to prescribe diuretics as first-step therapy in the majority of @entity0 to maximize therapeutic outcome.

title: Diuretics in the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 38-year-old @entity0 was admitted to Yatsushiro General Hospital because of an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray film. Chest X-ray film showed a tumorous shadow in the left posterior basal segment (S10). Chest CT scan showed that this shadow was consisted of torutuous vessels and was connected to the descending thoracic aorta. Angiographic examinations showed that there was no normal left basal trunk of the pulmonary artery, and revealed an anomalous arterial supply to the basal segments from the descending thoracic aorta, with an @entity1 . The left bronchial tree appeared normal during fibroptic bronchoscopy (confirmed by post-operative bronchography). From these findings, we determined that this @entity0 had an systemic arterial supply to the normal basal segments. Furthermore, this @entity0 had an @entity1 , which took a peculiar route to the left atrium. The @entity2 were resected. In the resected specimen, the bronchi of the left lower lobe had a normal structure and showed a normal pattern of distribution. This anomalous systemic artery had an elastic component.

title: [A case of systemic arterial supply to the normal left basal segments with anomalous return of the XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 38-year-old @entity0 was found to have an abnormal shadow in his chest X-ray film during a general medical examination. A nodule with a homogeneous density and a clear margin was seen in the upper lobe of the right lung. Since this shadow gradually enlarged during a five-year follow-up period, he was admitted to our hospital. Chest contrast and dynamic CT scans and aortography showed characteristics of a @entity2 with somewhat rich vascularity. The doubling time of this @entity2 was about 430 days. Transbronchial brushing for cytologic study and a transbronchial biopsy showed no @entity2 . However, the @entity2 was surgically resected because of its gradual growth over the five years. The resected @entity2 was histologically diagnosed as a @entity1 . This disease was first described by Leibow and Castleman in 1963, as a @entity2 similar to @entity3 . This disease is extremely rare and only 61 cases have been reported: twenty cases, including the present case, in Japan and 41 in other countries.

title: [A XXXX that grew gradually over five years].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Primary or secondary @entity8 is associated with @entity7 @entity4 , @entity1 and progressive @entity2 . Monolayer cultures of nontransformed monkey kidney epithelial cells ( @entity13 line) and @entity7 ( @entity11 ) crystals were used as a model system to study cell responses to crystal interactions that might occur in the nephrons of @entity0 during periods of @entity8 . To determine if @entity11 crystals signal a change in gene expression, Northern blots were prepared from total renal cellular RNA after the cells were exposed to crystals. The immediate early genes @entity3 , @entity10 , and @entity9 were induced at one hour. At two to six hours stimulated expression of the genes encoding plasminogen activator inhibitor ( @entity5 ) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A chain was detected, but constitutive expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was not altered. Expression of @entity12 ( @entity12 ) was induced at one hour and persisted up to 24 hours. The stimulation of gene expression by @entity11 crystals was relatively crystal- and renal cell-type specific. Thus the interaction of kidney epithelial cells with @entity11 crystals alters expression of genes that encode three classes of proteins: transcriptional activators, a regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM), and growth factors. Activation of @entity5 gene expression without a change in @entity6 favors accumulation of ECM proteins, as does increased expression of PDGF and @entity12 which can also stimulate fibroblast proliferation in a paracrine manner. These results suggest that @entity11 crystal-mediated stimulation of specific genes in renal tubular cells may contribute to the development of @entity1 in hyperoxaluric states.

title: XXXX crystals stimulate gene expression in renal epithelial cells.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Heterokaryons (hets), but not monokaryons of @entity7 die when grown anaerobically on minimal medium. Their rates of inactivation increase with decreases in growth temperatures from 37 degrees C to 25 degrees C. At 10 degrees C, however, anaerobiosis is not lethal and suppresses the inactivation which normally occurs among hets cultured aerobically at that temperature. Killing of hets by anaerobiosis can be altered significantly by certain exogenously provided @entity5 or intermediates of oxidative respiration. Aspartic acid alone promotes inactivation whereas @entity3 , @entity0 or @entity1 individually have no effects. However, @entity6 and @entity1 combined afford slight protection against inactivation while @entity2 and @entity6 combined, with or without @entity1 , are highly protective: the activity of the @entity2 - @entity6 combination is completely negated by the addition of @entity3 . Other common @entity5 have no effects on het responses to anaerobiosis other than the ability, when combined, to relieve the antagonism of @entity3 for the @entity2 - @entity6 combination. Anaerobic survivals are also enhanced by @entity8 or @entity9 , and even more so by a combination of these two intermediates. The resistances to inactivation elicited by the oxalacetate @entity9 or @entity2 - @entity6 combinations are not additive. These relationships are interpreted to signify that inactivation of hets by anaerobic growth is largely, if not exclusively, due to depletion of their @entity8 and @entity9 contents for @entity4 biosyntheses, and the unique inability of het cells to replenish those @entity10 upon subsequent return to aerobic conditions. The observations are consistent with previous indications that mitochondria formed by hets are functionally abnormal.

title: Selective inactivation of heterokaryons of XXXX by anaerobiosis.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Fifty-two @entity1 with @entity0 , diagnosed according to criteria of Ridolfi et al. [Cancer 40:1365-1385, 1977] are described. At the time of diagnosis, 90% of the @entity1 were stages I and II. The primary @entity2 size was < or = to 4 cm in 46 (88.5%) and > 4 cm in 6 (11.5%) @entity1 . Axillary lymph nodes were microscopically negative in 35 (67.3%) and positive in 17 (32.7%) @entity1 . All 52 @entity1 underwent the Patey operation. Seventeen @entity1 with microscopically positive axillary lymph nodes received postoperative irradiation. Of the 52 treated @entity1 , 44 (84.6%) survived 10 years NED. The only prognostic factor was the microscopical axillary lymph nodes status. In the group of pNO @entity1 , 97.1% survived 10 years NED, pN+ 58.8% only. The sole causes of unsuccessful treatment were distant metastases to lungs, hepar, and bones. Typical @entity3 is a favorable histological type of @entity0 with very good prognosis for pNO @entity1 .

title: Typical XXXX of the breast: a clinical and pathological analysis of 52 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The virion-associated glycoprotein of the CVS-11 strain of @entity6 exists in two forms, GI and GII, which differ in their @entity2 content. The structural relationship between GI and GII is investigated in order to account for the difference in glycosylation. Partial sequence analysis and mapping of tryptic glycopeptides isolated from the parent CVS-11 GI and GII glycoprotein forms revealed that two of the three predicted glycosylation sites (at @entity3 -204 and @entity3 -319) were utilized in the GI form whereas only one of these two sites (at @entity3 -319) was utilized in the GII form. One predicted glycosylation site (at @entity3 -37) was not utilized in either species. In the variant virus, RV231-22, a single glycoprotein species was detected which corresponded in electrophoretic mobility to the GI form of the parent virus. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the variant glycoprotein gene revealed a base mutation which specifies an @entity1 change six residues upstream from the predicted glycosylation site at @entity3 -204. This single @entity1 substitution apparently results in utilization of the signal at @entity3 -204 in the GII form of RV231-22 virus. The @entity1 substitution is discussed in relation to altered conformation. In the variant virus RV194-2 (F3), both GI and GII glycoprotein forms were present, but each revealed slower electrophoretic mobilities compared with the corresponding parent glycoprotein forms in @entity5 - @entity4 gel electrophoresis ( @entity0 -PAGE). An extra glycosylation site was identified in both glycoprotein forms of this variant virus.

title: Antigenic variants of CVS XXXX with altered glycosylation sites.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Two techniques originally developed for measurement of glycated ("glycosylated") hemoglobin but also applicable to determination of glycated albumin are the @entity2 colorimetric technique (I) and the @entity3 affinity chromatographic procedure (II). The latter reliably distinguishes @entity0 from nondiabetics, and concentrations of glycated hemoglobin and glycated albumin are linearly correlated. I is nonspecific; it neither correlates with @entity0 status nor with values derived via the affinity technique. Most of the chromogenic material is present in the fraction of albumin that does not bind to @entity3 . @entity1 interferes significantly with I but only slightly with II. Prolonged incubation of plasma with @entity1 dramatically increases the II-determined glycated albumin. Reactivity with @entity2 increases much less, and mainly in the II-bound fraction. This fraction contains a high proportion of nonspecifically reactive material. The percentage of glycated albumin determined in crude plasma samples by II differs only slightly from the value determined by purifying the albumin from the plasma. This technique appears more promising than I for eventual clinical applications.

title: XXXX affinity chromatography and @entity2 colorimetry compared for measuring glycated albumin.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Two techniques originally developed for measurement of glycated ("glycosylated") hemoglobin but also applicable to determination of glycated albumin are the @entity2 colorimetric technique (I) and the @entity3 affinity chromatographic procedure (II). The latter reliably distinguishes @entity0 from nondiabetics, and concentrations of glycated hemoglobin and glycated albumin are linearly correlated. I is nonspecific; it neither correlates with @entity0 status nor with values derived via the affinity technique. Most of the chromogenic material is present in the fraction of albumin that does not bind to @entity3 . @entity1 interferes significantly with I but only slightly with II. Prolonged incubation of plasma with @entity1 dramatically increases the II-determined glycated albumin. Reactivity with @entity2 increases much less, and mainly in the II-bound fraction. This fraction contains a high proportion of nonspecifically reactive material. The percentage of glycated albumin determined in crude plasma samples by II differs only slightly from the value determined by purifying the albumin from the plasma. This technique appears more promising than I for eventual clinical applications.

title: @entity3 affinity chromatography and XXXX colorimetry compared for measuring glycated albumin.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Thirty @entity0 with @entity8 or other @entity1 had liver biopsies done before treatment with low-dose @entity5 , 15 mg/week, and then at one- to two-year intervals as long as they continued the @entity5 . All @entity0 were symptomatically improved on this regimen. The 15 @entity0 who had normal liver biopsies at the start of the study had normal biopsies after @entity5 . Fifteen others had minor hepatic histologic abnormalities before treatment. Eleven @entity0 had @entity7 . Ten showed no significant change after treatment while one had increased fat and portal @entity2 on a fourth liver biopsy done seven years after @entity6 was begun. This last @entity0 , a former @entity3 abuser, continued @entity5 and showed no further worsening at 8 years. The remaining four had portal @entity2 before treatment. One @entity0 had less @entity2 after @entity5 , two @entity0 slightly more @entity2 , and one a marked increase in portal @entity2 . No @entity0 developed @entity2 or clinical @entity4 . Our results suggest that in the absence of @entity3 consumption, low-dose weekly @entity5 treatment rarely causes clinically significant @entity4 .

title: Low incidence of hepatotoxicity associated with long-term, low-dose oral XXXX in treatment of @entity8 , psoriatic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. An acceptable risk/benefit ratio.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Thirty @entity0 with @entity8 or other @entity1 had liver biopsies done before treatment with low-dose @entity5 , 15 mg/week, and then at one- to two-year intervals as long as they continued the @entity5 . All @entity0 were symptomatically improved on this regimen. The 15 @entity0 who had normal liver biopsies at the start of the study had normal biopsies after @entity5 . Fifteen others had minor hepatic histologic abnormalities before treatment. Eleven @entity0 had @entity7 . Ten showed no significant change after treatment while one had increased fat and portal @entity2 on a fourth liver biopsy done seven years after @entity6 was begun. This last @entity0 , a former @entity3 abuser, continued @entity5 and showed no further worsening at 8 years. The remaining four had portal @entity2 before treatment. One @entity0 had less @entity2 after @entity5 , two @entity0 slightly more @entity2 , and one a marked increase in portal @entity2 . No @entity0 developed @entity2 or clinical @entity4 . Our results suggest that in the absence of @entity3 consumption, low-dose weekly @entity5 treatment rarely causes clinically significant @entity4 .

title: Low incidence of hepatotoxicity associated with long-term, low-dose oral @entity5 in treatment of XXXX , psoriatic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. An acceptable risk/benefit ratio.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Many scientists have focused their research on the role of nanotechnology for the control of @entity0 pathogens, but there are also many topical pathogens present in animals, which infect animals and transfer to @entity0 . Topical therapy is extremely important for the management of dermatological condition in animals. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of biogenic @entity3 nanoparticles (AgNPs) in combination with herbal oils against @entity2 which may be responsible for causing infections in @entity0 beings. Here, the authors synthesised and characterised the AgNPs from Azadirachta indica. The oils were extracted from medicinal plants including Cymbopogon citratus, Cymbopogon martini, Eucalyptus globules, A. indica and Ocimum sanctum and the antifungal and antibacterial activity of plant oils along with AgNPs were evaluated. An excision wound model was used for the study of wound healing activity in @entity1 . AgNPs functionalised oil has demonstrated remarkable antimicrobial activity against pathogens present on the skin of animals. The nano-functionalised antimicrobial oils were used in the formulation of shampoo, soap and ointment for veterinary dermatology. Antimicrobial products of plant origin with AgNPs are valuable, safe and have a specific role in controlling diseases. The authors believe that this approach will be a good alternative therapy to solve the continuous antibiotic resistance developed by many bacterial pathogens and will be utilised in various animal contacting areas in medicine.

title: Development of shampoo, soap and ointment formulated by green synthesised XXXX nanoparticles functionalised with antimicrobial plants oils in veterinary dermatology: treatment and prevention strategies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 gene single nucleotide polymorphism ( @entity5 SNP) @entity6 has been described as a favorable risk marker in @entity0 with @entity2 . Subsequent studies revealed inconsistent results in both adult and pediatric @entity0 . We analyzed its impact on clinical outcome in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) for the first time. METHODS: @entity5 SNP @entity6 of 158 @entity0 with @entity1 treated according to @entity1  nster treatment trials from 1990 to 2009 and 43 hematopoietic stem cell donors was analyzed by allelic discrimination. @entity5 SNP status was correlated with disease characteristics and clinical outcome comparing SNP ( @entity5 (GG/AG)) and wildtype ( @entity5 (AA)). RESULTS: At least one minor allele was found in 23.4  % of @entity0 and 34.9  % of donors (P  =  0.07). Distribution of @entity0 and disease  characteristics was similar between @entity5 (GG/AG) and @entity5 (AA). In multivariate analyses, @entity5 SNP was an independent good prognostic marker for cumulative incidence of relapse ( @entity4 @entity5 (AA) vs. @entity5 (GG/AG) HR  =  3.384, P  =  0.021) and event-free survival (EFS; event risk @entity5 (AA) vs. @entity5 (GG/AG) HR  =  2.503, P  =  0.036). Univariate subanalyses of @entity0 who underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation revealed more significant differences in @entity4 (P  =  0.017), EFS (P  =  0.012), and overall survival (OS; P  =  0.017). Donor's @entity5 SNP status did not affect outcome. We found no correlation between @entity5 SNP and @entity5 expression level at diagnosis (P  =  0.634). CONCLUSION: @entity5 SNP @entity6 predicts improved @entity4 and EFS. Outcome differences were more prominent in transplanted @entity0 . Our findings identify @entity5 SNP @entity6 as a favorable risk marker in @entity1 which is independent from known risk factors.

title: @entity3 gene single nucleotide polymorphism @entity6 predicts a favorable outcome in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 gene single nucleotide polymorphism ( @entity5 SNP) @entity6 has been described as a favorable risk marker in @entity0 with @entity2 . Subsequent studies revealed inconsistent results in both adult and pediatric @entity0 . We analyzed its impact on clinical outcome in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) for the first time. METHODS: @entity5 SNP @entity6 of 158 @entity0 with @entity1 treated according to @entity1  nster treatment trials from 1990 to 2009 and 43 hematopoietic stem cell donors was analyzed by allelic discrimination. @entity5 SNP status was correlated with disease characteristics and clinical outcome comparing SNP ( @entity5 (GG/AG)) and wildtype ( @entity5 (AA)). RESULTS: At least one minor allele was found in 23.4  % of @entity0 and 34.9  % of donors (P  =  0.07). Distribution of @entity0 and disease  characteristics was similar between @entity5 (GG/AG) and @entity5 (AA). In multivariate analyses, @entity5 SNP was an independent good prognostic marker for cumulative incidence of relapse ( @entity4 @entity5 (AA) vs. @entity5 (GG/AG) HR  =  3.384, P  =  0.021) and event-free survival (EFS; event risk @entity5 (AA) vs. @entity5 (GG/AG) HR  =  2.503, P  =  0.036). Univariate subanalyses of @entity0 who underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation revealed more significant differences in @entity4 (P  =  0.017), EFS (P  =  0.012), and overall survival (OS; P  =  0.017). Donor's @entity5 SNP status did not affect outcome. We found no correlation between @entity5 SNP and @entity5 expression level at diagnosis (P  =  0.634). CONCLUSION: @entity5 SNP @entity6 predicts improved @entity4 and EFS. Outcome differences were more prominent in transplanted @entity0 . Our findings identify @entity5 SNP @entity6 as a favorable risk marker in @entity1 which is independent from known risk factors.

title: @entity3 gene single nucleotide polymorphism XXXX predicts a favorable outcome in @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 gene single nucleotide polymorphism ( @entity5 SNP) @entity6 has been described as a favorable risk marker in @entity0 with @entity2 . Subsequent studies revealed inconsistent results in both adult and pediatric @entity0 . We analyzed its impact on clinical outcome in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) for the first time. METHODS: @entity5 SNP @entity6 of 158 @entity0 with @entity1 treated according to @entity1  nster treatment trials from 1990 to 2009 and 43 hematopoietic stem cell donors was analyzed by allelic discrimination. @entity5 SNP status was correlated with disease characteristics and clinical outcome comparing SNP ( @entity5 (GG/AG)) and wildtype ( @entity5 (AA)). RESULTS: At least one minor allele was found in 23.4  % of @entity0 and 34.9  % of donors (P  =  0.07). Distribution of @entity0 and disease  characteristics was similar between @entity5 (GG/AG) and @entity5 (AA). In multivariate analyses, @entity5 SNP was an independent good prognostic marker for cumulative incidence of relapse ( @entity4 @entity5 (AA) vs. @entity5 (GG/AG) HR  =  3.384, P  =  0.021) and event-free survival (EFS; event risk @entity5 (AA) vs. @entity5 (GG/AG) HR  =  2.503, P  =  0.036). Univariate subanalyses of @entity0 who underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation revealed more significant differences in @entity4 (P  =  0.017), EFS (P  =  0.012), and overall survival (OS; P  =  0.017). Donor's @entity5 SNP status did not affect outcome. We found no correlation between @entity5 SNP and @entity5 expression level at diagnosis (P  =  0.634). CONCLUSION: @entity5 SNP @entity6 predicts improved @entity4 and EFS. Outcome differences were more prominent in transplanted @entity0 . Our findings identify @entity5 SNP @entity6 as a favorable risk marker in @entity1 which is independent from known risk factors.

title: XXXX gene single nucleotide polymorphism @entity6 predicts a favorable outcome in @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 gene single nucleotide polymorphism ( @entity5 SNP) @entity6 has been described as a favorable risk marker in @entity0 with @entity2 . Subsequent studies revealed inconsistent results in both adult and pediatric @entity0 . We analyzed its impact on clinical outcome in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) for the first time. METHODS: @entity5 SNP @entity6 of 158 @entity0 with @entity1 treated according to @entity1  nster treatment trials from 1990 to 2009 and 43 hematopoietic stem cell donors was analyzed by allelic discrimination. @entity5 SNP status was correlated with disease characteristics and clinical outcome comparing SNP ( @entity5 (GG/AG)) and wildtype ( @entity5 (AA)). RESULTS: At least one minor allele was found in 23.4  % of @entity0 and 34.9  % of donors (P  =  0.07). Distribution of @entity0 and disease  characteristics was similar between @entity5 (GG/AG) and @entity5 (AA). In multivariate analyses, @entity5 SNP was an independent good prognostic marker for cumulative incidence of relapse ( @entity4 @entity5 (AA) vs. @entity5 (GG/AG) HR  =  3.384, P  =  0.021) and event-free survival (EFS; event risk @entity5 (AA) vs. @entity5 (GG/AG) HR  =  2.503, P  =  0.036). Univariate subanalyses of @entity0 who underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation revealed more significant differences in @entity4 (P  =  0.017), EFS (P  =  0.012), and overall survival (OS; P  =  0.017). Donor's @entity5 SNP status did not affect outcome. We found no correlation between @entity5 SNP and @entity5 expression level at diagnosis (P  =  0.634). CONCLUSION: @entity5 SNP @entity6 predicts improved @entity4 and EFS. Outcome differences were more prominent in transplanted @entity0 . Our findings identify @entity5 SNP @entity6 as a favorable risk marker in @entity1 which is independent from known risk factors.

title: @entity3 gene single nucleotide polymorphism @entity6 predicts a favorable outcome in XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A total of 280 fecal specimens from @entity0 with @entity1 attending one rural hospital (Dharmapasha health complex, Sunamgonj) in Bangladesh from August 2004 to May 2006 were tested for rotavirus by @entity2 Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE). The diversity of rotavirus was investigated using electropherotyping and reverse transcription-PCR amplification of the VP7 and VP4 genes. The electrophoretic patterns of dsRNA of rotavirus showed 9 different migrations (6 long and 3 short) by PAGE. In the year 2004-2006, @entity3 was detected in 112 out of 280(40.0%) specimens. G and P genotyping was performed among the 46 representative positive specimens, 20(43.5%) were emerging strain G9P[8], which were associated with VP6 genotype II (subgroup II), and @entity4 genotype B, followed by 16(34.8%) G2P[4], 8(17.4%) G1P[8] and 2(4.4%) G4P[8] strains. G9P[8] was found to be the most predominant strain in 2004, but the prevalence rate abruptly decreased during the period 2005-2006. In addition G2P[4] was the most prevalent strain in 2005 and 2006. G1P[8] was less prevalent in the study period then the previous years. Nucleotide Sequence identity of VP7 gene of G9 rotaviruses were higher than 99.4% with each other and all the G9 rotavirus strains in this study clustered in a single branch of the phylogenetic tree. Nucleotide sequence identity of complete VP4 gene of P[8] rotaviruses were more than 99.7% with each other and all the P[8] rotavirus strains in this study grouped in a single cluster suggesting recent emergence from a common ancestor. An important finding of this study is that the genetic profile of rotavirus is changing within very short period in Bangladesh and continued surveillance of the circulating strains is necessary to detect new strains or new variants which can escape immune protection induced by available vaccines.

title: Instability of XXXX rotavirus G genotypes circulating in a rural area of Bangladesh.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The use of grafts with @entity1 has been considered a relative contraindication because of the increased incidence of @entity2 . The aim of this retrospective study is to determine whether the kidney grafts with multiple arteries have any adverse effect upon post transplant graft and @entity0 survival. After reviewing the records of 35 adult kidney transplants done consecutively at Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University over a period of 3 years (Jan 2005 to Dec 2007). Mean age of recipients. 43.46  12.11 years and donors 40.33  11.46 years. Twenty @entity0 (Group A) had grafts with single renal artery and 15 @entity0 (Group B) had grafts with @entity1 . The incidence of @entity2 , @entity7 , post surgical @entity3 , mean serum @entity4 level and @entity8 in both Group A _ B were observed. Complications developed in 15(43%) @entity0 in this series. In Group A, 1(5%) developed post @entity3 cause perinephric @entity5 , 1(5%) @entity6 , 1(5%) sloughed ureter, graft nephrectomy 1(5%) and @entity8 (5%) @entity0 . In Group B, 2(13%) @entity0 developed @entity5 , urine leak 3(20%), sloughed ureter 1(6%), graft nephrectomy 1(6%) and @entity8 3(20%) @entity0 . Though the kidney grafts with @entity1 have been considered a relative contraindication because of the increased risk of complication. In this series incidence of complication was 43%. The higher rate probably reflects the small number of living related donors.

title: The outcome of kidney transplants with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although central @entity4 (CAPD) test battery performance has been examined in adults with @entity2 (CANS), similar data on @entity0 being referred for CAPD evaluations are sparse. PURPOSE: This study characterizes CAPD test battery performance in @entity0 using tests commonly administered to diagnose the disorder. Specifically, this study describes failure rates for various test combinations, relationships between CAPD tests used in the battery, and the influence of cognitive function on CAPD test performance and CAPD diagnosis. A comparison is also made between the performance of @entity0 with CAPD and data from @entity0 with @entity1 of the CANS. RESEARCH DESIGN: A retrospective study. STUDY SAMPLE: Fifty-six pediatric @entity0 were referred for CAPD testing. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: @entity0 were administered four CAPD tests, including frequency patterns (FP), low-pass filtered speech (LPFS), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and competing sentences (CS). In addition, they were given the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for @entity0 (WISC). Descriptive analyses examined the failure rates of various test combinations, as well as how often @entity0 with CAPD failed certain combinations when compared with adults with CANS lesions. A principal components analysis was performed to examine interrelationships between tests. Correlations and regressions were conducted to determine the relationship between CAPD test performance and the WISC. RESULTS: Results showed that the FP and LPFS tests were most commonly failed by @entity0 with CAPD. Two-test combinations that included one or both of these two tests and excluded @entity3 tended to be failed more often. Including the @entity3 and CS test in a battery benefited specificity. Tests thought to measure interhemispheric transfer tended to be correlated. Compared with adult @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity0 with CAPD tended to fail LPFS more frequently and @entity3 less frequently. Both groups failed FP with relatively equal frequency. CONCLUSIONS: The two-test combination that showed the highest failure rate for @entity0 with CAPD was LPFS-FP. Comparison with adults with CANS lesions, however, suggests that the mechanisms underlying LPFS performance in @entity0 need to be better understood. The two-test combination that showed the next highest failure rates among @entity0 with CAPD and did not include LPFS was CS-FP. If it is desirable to use a dichotic measure that has a lower linguistic load than CS then @entity3 can be substituted for CS despite the slightly lower failure rate of the @entity5 .

title: Characteristics of Pediatric Performance on a Test Battery Commonly Used in the Diagnosis of Central XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity3 has been implicated as a risk factor for various @entity2 , the precise mechanisms by which @entity3 induces @entity2 remain to be elucidated. We have previously revealed that repeated oral administration of @entity4 elicits @entity5 via changes in the gut microbiota of the ileum, and thereby induces systemic @entity1 and insulin resistance. However, it is not clear to what extent a single administration of @entity4 could affect gut microbiota composition, gut barrier function, and subsequent influx of gut microbiota into the liver. Therefore, in the present study, C57BL/6 @entity0 were orally administered @entity6 ) once and compared to sham-inoculated @entity0 . The phylogenetic structure and diversity of microbial communities in the gut and liver were analyzed by pyrosequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA genes. Serum endotoxin activity was determined by a Limulus amebocyte lysate test. Gene expression in the intestine and expression of 16S rRNA genes in the blood and liver were examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Administration of @entity4 significantly altered gut microbiota, with an increased proportion of phylum Bacteroidetes, a decreased proportion of phylum Firmicutes, and increased serum endotoxin levels. In the intestinal tissues, gene expression of tjp-1 and occludin, which are involved in intestinal permeability, were downregulated. Higher amounts of bacterial DNA were detected in the liver of infected @entity0 . Importantly, changes in gut microbiota preceded systemic inflammatory changes. These results further support the idea that disturbance of the gut microbiota composition by orally derived periodontopathic bacteria may be a causal mechanism linking @entity3 and @entity2 .

title: Oral Administration of XXXX Induces Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota and Impaired Barrier Function Leading to Dissemination of Enterobacteria to the Liver.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of preservative-free @entity3 (Triesence) for the treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on @entity0 who attended a tertiary retinal clinic from June 2009 to July 2012 with @entity2 due to various causes. @entity0 who received at least 1 intravitreal Triesence injection and completed 6 months of follow-up were recruited. Data, including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity, @entity1 ( @entity1 ), intraocular pressure (IOP), and adverse events (AEs), were collected at baseline, week 1, month 1, month 3, and month 6 after initiation of treatment. Snellen visual acuity was converted to visual acuity score (VAS) for statistical analysis using paired t-tests and linear regression. RESULTS: One hundred two eyes from 102 @entity0 were included in the study. Mean VAS was significantly improved at all follow-up time points compared to baseline (P <=0.002), with highest mean gain at month 1 (6.1  8.9 letters). Mean @entity1 decreased significantly at all follow-up points compared to baseline (P <=0.0005), with the greatest reduction at week 1 (146.6  109.4    m). A total of 22 AEs were observed, and IOP elevation was the most common AE related to Triesence treatment (17/22, 77.3%). No sterile or @entity4 was observed. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal Triesence improves visual acuity and reduces macular thickness in eyes with @entity2 from various causes. Treatment-associated IOP elevation was manageable with antiglaucoma medications. There were no serious vision-threatening complications associated with intravitreal Triesence therapy during the study period.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Intravitreal Preservative-Free XXXX (Triesence) for @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of preservative-free @entity3 (Triesence) for the treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on @entity0 who attended a tertiary retinal clinic from June 2009 to July 2012 with @entity2 due to various causes. @entity0 who received at least 1 intravitreal Triesence injection and completed 6 months of follow-up were recruited. Data, including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity, @entity1 ( @entity1 ), intraocular pressure (IOP), and adverse events (AEs), were collected at baseline, week 1, month 1, month 3, and month 6 after initiation of treatment. Snellen visual acuity was converted to visual acuity score (VAS) for statistical analysis using paired t-tests and linear regression. RESULTS: One hundred two eyes from 102 @entity0 were included in the study. Mean VAS was significantly improved at all follow-up time points compared to baseline (P <=0.002), with highest mean gain at month 1 (6.1  8.9 letters). Mean @entity1 decreased significantly at all follow-up points compared to baseline (P <=0.0005), with the greatest reduction at week 1 (146.6  109.4    m). A total of 22 AEs were observed, and IOP elevation was the most common AE related to Triesence treatment (17/22, 77.3%). No sterile or @entity4 was observed. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal Triesence improves visual acuity and reduces macular thickness in eyes with @entity2 from various causes. Treatment-associated IOP elevation was manageable with antiglaucoma medications. There were no serious vision-threatening complications associated with intravitreal Triesence therapy during the study period.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Intravitreal Preservative-Free @entity3 (Triesence) for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of systemic @entity3 inhibition using canakinumab (Ilaris) on retinal neovascularizations in @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity1 were enrolled in a prospective uncontrolled pilot study. Canakinumab (150 mg) was given 3 times subcutaneously. The primary end point was the change in the area of neovascularization from baseline to Week 24. Secondary end points were the change in @entity4 measured and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), as well as systemic safety evaluation, HbA1c, and systemic inflammatory parameters. RESULTS: Systemic canakinumab treatment was well tolerated. None of the 8 eyes showed progression of neovascularizations within 24 weeks. Their mean size remained unchanged comparing 0.60 mm at baseline with 0.62 mm at Week 24 (P = 0.944). Median BCVA remained stable with 80 ETDRS letters at baseline and 82 ETDRS letters at Week 24. A not statistically significant @entity4 was detectable for the foveal central subfield thickness (mean, 313-295  m). Mean @entity5 c improved significantly from 7.92% to 7.30% within the 24 weeks (P = 0.046). Systemic inflammatory parameters remained overall unchanged. CONCLUSION: Systemic canakinumab showed no change in neovascularizations in @entity1 . Promising effects were seen on @entity2 .

title: SYSTEMIC XXXX INHIBITION IN PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: A Prospective Open-Label Study Using Canakinumab.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies in @entity0 with @entity3 , however, without missing significant @entity2 the present study re-evaluates the age-dependent PSA cut-offs in the Tyrol @entity2 ( @entity2 ) early detection program. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study population included 2225 @entity0 who underwent prostate biopsy due to elevated PSA levels at our department. We divided our @entity0 collective into four age groups:  <=49 years (n = 178), 50-59 years (n = 597), 60-69 years (n = 962) and >= 70 years (n = 488). We simulated different scenarios for PSA cut-off values between 1.25 and 6 ng/mL and fPSA% between 15 and 21% for all four age groups and calculated sensitivity, specificity, confidence intervals and predictive values. RESULTS: @entity2 was detected in 1218 @entity0 (54.7%). We found that in combination with free PSA  <=21% the following PSA cut-offs had the @entity1 specificity: 1.75 ng/ml for @entity0  <=49 years and 50-59 years, 2.25 ng/ml for @entity0 aged 60-69 years and 3.25 ng/ml for @entity0 >= 70 years. Using these adjusted PSA cut-off values all significant @entity1 are recognized in all age groups, yet the number of biopsies is reduced. Overall, one biopsy is avoided in 13 to 14 @entity0 (number needed to screen = 13.3, reduction of biopsies = 7.5%) when decision regarding biopsy is done according to the "new" cut-off values instead of the "old" ones. For the different age groups the number needed to screen to avoid one biopsy varied between 9.2 ( <=49 years) and 17.4 (50-59 years). CONCLUSION: With "new", fine-tuned PSA cut-offs we detect all relevant @entity2 with a significant reduction of biopsies compared to the "old" cut-off values. Optimization of age-specific PSA cut-offs is one step towards a smarter strategy in the Tyrol @entity2 Early Detection Program.

title: Age-Adjusted PSA Levels in XXXX Prediction: Updated Results of the Tyrol @entity2 Early Detection Program.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies in @entity0 with @entity3 , however, without missing significant @entity2 the present study re-evaluates the age-dependent PSA cut-offs in the Tyrol @entity2 ( @entity2 ) early detection program. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study population included 2225 @entity0 who underwent prostate biopsy due to elevated PSA levels at our department. We divided our @entity0 collective into four age groups:  <=49 years (n = 178), 50-59 years (n = 597), 60-69 years (n = 962) and >= 70 years (n = 488). We simulated different scenarios for PSA cut-off values between 1.25 and 6 ng/mL and fPSA% between 15 and 21% for all four age groups and calculated sensitivity, specificity, confidence intervals and predictive values. RESULTS: @entity2 was detected in 1218 @entity0 (54.7%). We found that in combination with free PSA  <=21% the following PSA cut-offs had the @entity1 specificity: 1.75 ng/ml for @entity0  <=49 years and 50-59 years, 2.25 ng/ml for @entity0 aged 60-69 years and 3.25 ng/ml for @entity0 >= 70 years. Using these adjusted PSA cut-off values all significant @entity1 are recognized in all age groups, yet the number of biopsies is reduced. Overall, one biopsy is avoided in 13 to 14 @entity0 (number needed to screen = 13.3, reduction of biopsies = 7.5%) when decision regarding biopsy is done according to the "new" cut-off values instead of the "old" ones. For the different age groups the number needed to screen to avoid one biopsy varied between 9.2 ( <=49 years) and 17.4 (50-59 years). CONCLUSION: With "new", fine-tuned PSA cut-offs we detect all relevant @entity2 with a significant reduction of biopsies compared to the "old" cut-off values. Optimization of age-specific PSA cut-offs is one step towards a smarter strategy in the Tyrol @entity2 Early Detection Program.

title: Age-Adjusted PSA Levels in @entity2 Prediction: Updated Results of the Tyrol XXXX Early Detection Program.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a class of single-stranded RNAs which play a crucial role in regulating development and controlling gene expression by targeting mRNAs and triggering either translation repression or messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation. miRNAs are widespread in eukaryotes and to date over 14,000 miRNAs have been identified by computational and experimental approaches. Several miRNAs are highly conserved across species. In @entity0 , the full set of miRNAs and their expression patterns during development remain poorly understood. Here we report on the development and implementation of a homology-based detection strategy to search for miRNA genes in @entity0 . In addition, we report results on the experimental detection of miRNAs by means of cDNA cloning and sequencing of size-fractionated RNA samples. RESULTS: Homology search using the high-throughput pipeline was performed with all known miRNAs in miRBase. A total of 6,211 mature miRNAs were used as reference sequences and 110 unique @entity1 sequences were returned by BLASTn analysis. The existing mature miRNAs that produced these hits are reported, as well as the locations of the homologous sequences in the @entity1 genome. All BLAST hits aligned with at least 95% of the miRNA sequence, resulting in alignment lengths of 19-24 nt. Following several filtering steps, 15 potential miRNA candidates were identified using this approach. By sequencing small RNA cDNA libraries from adult worm pairs, we identified 211 novel miRNA candidates in the @entity1 genome. Northern blot analysis was used to detect the expression of the 30 most frequent sequenced miRNAs and to compare the expression level of these miRNAs between the lung stage schistosomula and adult worm stages. Expression of 11 novel miRNAs was confirmed by northern blot analysis and some presented a stage-regulated expression pattern. Three miRNAs previously identified from @entity2 were also present in @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Evidence for the presence of miRNAs in @entity1 is presented. The number of miRNAs detected by homology-based computational methods in @entity1 is limited due to the lack of close relatives in the miRNA repository. In spite of this, the computational approach described here can likely be applied to the identification of pre-miRNA hairpins in other organisms. Construction and analysis of a small RNA library led to the experimental identification of 14 novel miRNAs from @entity1 through a combination of molecular cloning, DNA sequencing and expression studies. Our results significantly expand the set of known miRNAs in multicellular parasites and provide a basis for understanding the structural and functional evolution of miRNAs in these metazoan parasites.

title: Identification of XXXX microRNAs.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is an emerging and exciting new technique in @entity1 surgery. As with all novel techniques, new challenges arise, requiring small modifications of the technique. Here we present a simple technique that we have devised to facilitate a stapled @entity2 using standard circular staplers following a taTME. METHOD: We describe the technique in a stepwise fashion with picture - and video illustration. Our experience with this @entity2 in a small cohort of @entity0 is reported. RESULTS: No @entity3 occurred in 12 consecutive @entity0 using this technique following taTME. In one @entity0 a small defect was noticed on direct visualisation of the @entity2 intra-operative, and was closed transanally. So far 8/12 @entity0 had their protective ileostomy reversed with satisfactory function. CONCLUSION: We believe that this technique for a transanal, stapled @entity2 after a transanal TME procedure is safe and reproducible. Objective assessment of longterm functional outcome is required and outcomes need to be compared to other stapled techniques and handsewn anastomoses.

title: Technique for a stapled XXXX following transanal total mesorectal excision for @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: Transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) is an emerging and exciting new technique in @entity1 surgery. As with all novel techniques, new challenges arise, requiring small modifications of the technique. Here we present a simple technique that we have devised to facilitate a stapled @entity2 using standard circular staplers following a taTME. METHOD: We describe the technique in a stepwise fashion with picture - and video illustration. Our experience with this @entity2 in a small cohort of @entity0 is reported. RESULTS: No @entity3 occurred in 12 consecutive @entity0 using this technique following taTME. In one @entity0 a small defect was noticed on direct visualisation of the @entity2 intra-operative, and was closed transanally. So far 8/12 @entity0 had their protective ileostomy reversed with satisfactory function. CONCLUSION: We believe that this technique for a transanal, stapled @entity2 after a transanal TME procedure is safe and reproducible. Objective assessment of longterm functional outcome is required and outcomes need to be compared to other stapled techniques and handsewn anastomoses.

title: Technique for a stapled @entity2 following transanal total mesorectal excision for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The association of @entity3 and @entity2 , a well established pattern of disease, often leads to @entity9 in an already compromised patient. Anticoagulation therapy in these @entity1 is occasionally complicated by several factors including @entity7 , which may result in a life-threatening situation of @entity9 . Mechanical intervention may prevent @entity9 from reaching the lungs, thereby negating the use of anticoagulants in the @entity1 with @entity7 . In this clinical trial, ten @entity1 with @entity2 and @entity7 complicated by recurrent @entity9 received the Kim-Ray Greenfield filter. There were four @entity1 (two with @entity6 and two with @entity8 ) and six @entity1 (four with @entity0 , one with @entity6 , and one with @entity8 ). Pulmonary emboli were documented in all @entity1 by comparative ventilation/perfusion lung scans, arterial blood gas determinations, and chest x-ray films. In each case anticoagulation was begun, but in six of the ten @entity1 @entity5 developed and anticoagulation had to be discontinued. The Kim-Ray Greenfield filter was subsequently placed in all ten @entity1 in the infrarenal inferior vena cava (eight via a jugular approach and two via the femoral vein) without complication, and anticoagulation was discontinued. All @entity1 had follow-up to time of @entity4 , ranging from six to 26 months (mean 11 months). In no @entity1 was recurrent @entity9 based on clinical evidence, nor in autopsy reports in three of the ten @entity1 . There should be increased usage of the Kim-Ray Greenfield filter in @entity1 with @entity2 , @entity7 , and @entity9 .

title: XXXX and @entity2 : use of the Kim-Ray Greenfield filter to prevent thromboembolism.

answer: @entity7


abstract: The association of @entity3 and @entity2 , a well established pattern of disease, often leads to @entity9 in an already compromised patient. Anticoagulation therapy in these @entity1 is occasionally complicated by several factors including @entity7 , which may result in a life-threatening situation of @entity9 . Mechanical intervention may prevent @entity9 from reaching the lungs, thereby negating the use of anticoagulants in the @entity1 with @entity7 . In this clinical trial, ten @entity1 with @entity2 and @entity7 complicated by recurrent @entity9 received the Kim-Ray Greenfield filter. There were four @entity1 (two with @entity6 and two with @entity8 ) and six @entity1 (four with @entity0 , one with @entity6 , and one with @entity8 ). Pulmonary emboli were documented in all @entity1 by comparative ventilation/perfusion lung scans, arterial blood gas determinations, and chest x-ray films. In each case anticoagulation was begun, but in six of the ten @entity1 @entity5 developed and anticoagulation had to be discontinued. The Kim-Ray Greenfield filter was subsequently placed in all ten @entity1 in the infrarenal inferior vena cava (eight via a jugular approach and two via the femoral vein) without complication, and anticoagulation was discontinued. All @entity1 had follow-up to time of @entity4 , ranging from six to 26 months (mean 11 months). In no @entity1 was recurrent @entity9 based on clinical evidence, nor in autopsy reports in three of the ten @entity1 . There should be increased usage of the Kim-Ray Greenfield filter in @entity1 with @entity2 , @entity7 , and @entity9 .

title: @entity7 and XXXX : use of the Kim-Ray Greenfield filter to prevent thromboembolism.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 blast is the most threatening disease to cultivated @entity1 . @entity4 , its causal agent, is likely to encounter environmental challenges during invasive growth in its host plants that require shifts in gene expression to establish a compatible interaction. Here, we tested the hypothesis that gene expression patterns during in planta invasive growth are similar to in vitro stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation, temperature up shift and oxidative stress, and determined which condition most closely mimicked that of in planta invasive growth. Gene expression data were collected from these in vitro experiments and compared to fungal gene expression during the invasive growth phase at 72 hours post-inoculation in compatible interactions on two grass hosts, @entity1 and @entity3 . RESULTS: We identified 4,973 genes that were differentially expressed in at least one of the in planta and in vitro stress conditions when compared to fungal mycelia grown in complete medium, which was used as reference. From those genes, 1,909 showed similar expression patterns between at least one of the in vitro stresses and @entity1 and/or @entity3 . Hierarchical clustering of these 1,909 genes showed three major clusters in which in planta conditions closely grouped with the nutrient starvation conditions. Out of these 1,909 genes, 55 genes and 129 genes were induced and repressed in all treatments, respectively. Functional categorization of the 55 induced genes revealed that most were either related to @entity0 metabolism, membrane proteins, or were involved in oxidoreduction reactions. The 129 repressed genes showed putative roles in vesicle trafficking, signal transduction, @entity2 metabolism, or molecular transport. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity4 is likely primarily coping with nutrient-limited environments at the invasive growth stage 72 hours post-inoculation, and not with oxidative or temperature stresses.

title: Transcriptome profiling of the XXXX during invasive plant infection and in vitro stresses.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1 is common, little is known about which factors lead to poor functional outcomes. We sought to determine which characteristics of @entity5 predict @entity4 or health-related quality of life. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial involving @entity0 with @entity5 at a Level I @entity1 center between December 2007 and July 2012. We evaluated the overall severity of the @entity5 -characterized primarily by the number of @entity3 -and rib @entity3 location (upper, middle, and lower; anterior, lateral, and posterior) as predictors of @entity0 -reported outcomes 60 days after injury: @entity7 burden (0-40), Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (MMRC) (0-4), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and normalized Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36) scores. RESULTS: Of 189 evaluable subjects, the mean (SD) number of @entity3 was 5 (4). The number of @entity3 was not associated with @entity7 burden, MMRC, or SGRQ scores. After adjustment for confounders, each additional fractured rib was associated with worse SF-36 Physical Functioning and Bodily @entity2 scores (-0.6 units [95% confidence interval (CI), -1.1 to 0.0] and -0.8 units [95% CI, -1.3 to -0.2], respectively). @entity3 were associated with worse @entity7 burden (3.4 units; 95% CI, 1.0-5.9), MMRC score (0.4 units; 95% CI, 0.0-0.8), and SF-36 Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, Role-Emotional, and Physical Component Summary scores (-4 units [95% CI, -8 to 0], -5 units [95% CI, -8 to -1], -4 units [95% CI, -8 to 0], and -4 units [95% CI, -7 to -1], respectively). CONCLUSION: The overall anatomic severity of @entity5 does not predict @entity6 60 days after injury, but it does predict increased @entity0 perceptions of @entity2 and physical function limitations. @entity3 predict both persistent respiratory symptoms and perception of decreased overall health. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic/epidemiologic study, level III.

title: Characteristics of XXXX that predict @entity4 : A secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1 is common, little is known about which factors lead to poor functional outcomes. We sought to determine which characteristics of @entity5 predict @entity4 or health-related quality of life. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial involving @entity0 with @entity5 at a Level I @entity1 center between December 2007 and July 2012. We evaluated the overall severity of the @entity5 -characterized primarily by the number of @entity3 -and rib @entity3 location (upper, middle, and lower; anterior, lateral, and posterior) as predictors of @entity0 -reported outcomes 60 days after injury: @entity7 burden (0-40), Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (MMRC) (0-4), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and normalized Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36) scores. RESULTS: Of 189 evaluable subjects, the mean (SD) number of @entity3 was 5 (4). The number of @entity3 was not associated with @entity7 burden, MMRC, or SGRQ scores. After adjustment for confounders, each additional fractured rib was associated with worse SF-36 Physical Functioning and Bodily @entity2 scores (-0.6 units [95% confidence interval (CI), -1.1 to 0.0] and -0.8 units [95% CI, -1.3 to -0.2], respectively). @entity3 were associated with worse @entity7 burden (3.4 units; 95% CI, 1.0-5.9), MMRC score (0.4 units; 95% CI, 0.0-0.8), and SF-36 Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, Role-Emotional, and Physical Component Summary scores (-4 units [95% CI, -8 to 0], -5 units [95% CI, -8 to -1], -4 units [95% CI, -8 to 0], and -4 units [95% CI, -7 to -1], respectively). CONCLUSION: The overall anatomic severity of @entity5 does not predict @entity6 60 days after injury, but it does predict increased @entity0 perceptions of @entity2 and physical function limitations. @entity3 predict both persistent respiratory symptoms and perception of decreased overall health. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic/epidemiologic study, level III.

title: Characteristics of @entity5 that predict XXXX : A secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of T2W-SPACE technique in early detection of @entity3 , the signal evolutions of degenerated corticospinal tract (CST) on T2W-SPACE, and their underlying pathological changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity3 model of the CST was established in 23 @entity1 through excision of cortical origins of the tract. Eight @entity1 were scanned with the T2W-SPACE technique at 8 sequential time points, i.e. 0 (before modeling), 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20 and 30 days after modeling, and then they were pathologically examined. The remaining 15 @entity1 (3 per group) also underwent pathological examination at 2, 4, 6, 10 and 20 days after modeling, respectively. The ratios of @entity5 signal intensity (rT2s) between the affected and unaffected sides of CST were analyzed. RESULTS: During the first 4 days, SPACE could not detect any significant changes of the affected CST, although @entity2 was pathologically observed at the second day. From 6 to 10 days, the rT2s decreased monotonously, which is corresponded to histological findings of @entity0 and phagocyte proliferation. From 10 to 20 days, @entity5 s kept relatively stable at a low level and started to recover after that; the pathological changes of this period was characterized by marked phagocytizing activities. CONCLUSION: SPACE technique can detect @entity4 at an early stage, and the signal evolution is consistent with the pathological processes. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015;42:1134-1143.

title: Longitudinal three-dimensional-T2WI-SPACE study on XXXX in cat corticospinal tract and underlying pathology changes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Abnormalities of chromosomes 11 and 17 have been widely reported in invasive @entity0 . Interphase cytogenetics using pericentromeric repeat probes allows the evaluation of numerical chromosomal aberrations in @entity2 cell populations. We have developed a method for interphase cytogenetics on fine needle aspirates taken from @entity0 and have applied it to the analysis of chromosomes 11 and 17 in 49 cases of invasive @entity4 . Frequency distributions of signal number were generated for each case and no correlation was found between modal signal number and @entity2 size at presentation, nodal status or @entity2 differentiation. In 14 cases, two copies of each of chromosomes 11 and 17 were present, and in 14, the number of chromosomes 11 and 17 were equal but abnormal. In 14 cases, the chromosome 11 number was greater than chromosome 17 and in 7 cases, the chromosome 17 number was greater than chromosome 11. Chromosome inequality correlated with the presence of lymph node @entity1 or disseminated disease at presentation and the absence of in situ @entity3 . There was no relationship with the presence of vascular invasion. These data suggest that numerical chromosome 11 and 17 imbalance may indicate the ability of @entity0 to @entity1 rather than invade vessels. The pattern of numerical @entity5 described may define a subgroup of @entity2 with a greater tendency for @entity1 .

title: Correlation of numerical chromosome 11 and 17 imbalance with @entity1 of primary XXXX to lymph nodes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Abnormalities of chromosomes 11 and 17 have been widely reported in invasive @entity0 . Interphase cytogenetics using pericentromeric repeat probes allows the evaluation of numerical chromosomal aberrations in @entity2 cell populations. We have developed a method for interphase cytogenetics on fine needle aspirates taken from @entity0 and have applied it to the analysis of chromosomes 11 and 17 in 49 cases of invasive @entity4 . Frequency distributions of signal number were generated for each case and no correlation was found between modal signal number and @entity2 size at presentation, nodal status or @entity2 differentiation. In 14 cases, two copies of each of chromosomes 11 and 17 were present, and in 14, the number of chromosomes 11 and 17 were equal but abnormal. In 14 cases, the chromosome 11 number was greater than chromosome 17 and in 7 cases, the chromosome 17 number was greater than chromosome 11. Chromosome inequality correlated with the presence of lymph node @entity1 or disseminated disease at presentation and the absence of in situ @entity3 . There was no relationship with the presence of vascular invasion. These data suggest that numerical chromosome 11 and 17 imbalance may indicate the ability of @entity0 to @entity1 rather than invade vessels. The pattern of numerical @entity5 described may define a subgroup of @entity2 with a greater tendency for @entity1 .

title: Correlation of numerical chromosome 11 and 17 imbalance with XXXX of primary @entity0 to lymph nodes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) results from leaks developing in the dura mater. The major symptom is @entity1 which gradually disappears after lying down. Lumbar epidural blood patches (EBPs) can be effective in relieving @entity1 , however, thoracic and cervical EBPs have also been applied to alleviate the symptoms. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Retrospective collection of the main characteristics of @entity7 , site and amount of blood injection, and clinical outcomes of 18 @entity0 who underwent thoracic EBPs for intractable @entity7 . STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series RESULTS: All thoracic autologous EBPs except 3 were performed in the sitting position. @entity0 undergoing epidural puncture at lower thoracic levels (T10-T12) received 25 mL of autologous blood, 15 mL and 18 mL were injected at spinal segments T5-T7 (mid-thoracic) and T2-T4 (upper- thoracic), respectively. @entity4 EBPs did not lead to immediate resolution of symptoms in 3 of 18 @entity0 ; one of them underwent early repetition with complete @entity1 relief, one refused a second @entity8 , and one experienced partial resolution, followed by a recurrence, and then satisfactory improvement with a second high thoracic @entity8 . In long-term follow-up only 2 @entity0 complained of symptoms or relapses. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective nature of the case series, single center experience. CONCLUSIONS: Performing thoracic-targeted EBPs as the preferred approach theoretically improves results with respect to those observed with lumbar EBPs. The immediate response was comparable with that of other reports, but the long-term success rate (90%) turned out to be very effective in terms of both quality of @entity1 relief and very low incidence of recurrence. KEY WORDS: Central @entity2 , @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity3 , epidural blood patch, @entity1 .

title: @entity4 Epidural Blood Patches in the Treatment of XXXX : A Retrospective Case Series.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) results from leaks developing in the dura mater. The major symptom is @entity1 which gradually disappears after lying down. Lumbar epidural blood patches (EBPs) can be effective in relieving @entity1 , however, thoracic and cervical EBPs have also been applied to alleviate the symptoms. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Retrospective collection of the main characteristics of @entity7 , site and amount of blood injection, and clinical outcomes of 18 @entity0 who underwent thoracic EBPs for intractable @entity7 . STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series RESULTS: All thoracic autologous EBPs except 3 were performed in the sitting position. @entity0 undergoing epidural puncture at lower thoracic levels (T10-T12) received 25 mL of autologous blood, 15 mL and 18 mL were injected at spinal segments T5-T7 (mid-thoracic) and T2-T4 (upper- thoracic), respectively. @entity4 EBPs did not lead to immediate resolution of symptoms in 3 of 18 @entity0 ; one of them underwent early repetition with complete @entity1 relief, one refused a second @entity8 , and one experienced partial resolution, followed by a recurrence, and then satisfactory improvement with a second high thoracic @entity8 . In long-term follow-up only 2 @entity0 complained of symptoms or relapses. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective nature of the case series, single center experience. CONCLUSIONS: Performing thoracic-targeted EBPs as the preferred approach theoretically improves results with respect to those observed with lumbar EBPs. The immediate response was comparable with that of other reports, but the long-term success rate (90%) turned out to be very effective in terms of both quality of @entity1 relief and very low incidence of recurrence. KEY WORDS: Central @entity2 , @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity3 , epidural blood patch, @entity1 .

title: XXXX Epidural Blood Patches in the Treatment of @entity7 : A Retrospective Case Series.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to compare the single-isocenter, four-field hybrid IMRT with the two-isocenter techniques to treat the whole breast and supraclavicular fields and to investigate the intrafraction motions in both techniques in the superior direction. Fifteen @entity0 @entity1 who underwent lumpectomy and adjuvant radiation to the whole breast and supraclavicular ( @entity5 ) fossa at our institution were selected for this study. Two planning techniques were compared for the treatment of the breast and @entity5 lymph nodes. The @entity1 were divided into three subgroups according to the whole breast volume. For the two-isocenter technique, conventional wedged or @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were used to match with the same anterior field for the @entity5 region. For the single-isocenter technique, four-field hybrid IMRT was used for the tangent fields matched with a half blocked anterior field for the @entity5 region. To simulate the intrafraction uncertainties in the longitudinal direction for both techniques, the treatment isocenters were shifted by 1 mm and 2 mm in the superior direction. The average breast clinical @entity2 volume (CTV) receiving 100% (V100%) of the prescription dose (50 Gy) was 99.3%    0.5% and 96.4%    1.2% for the for two-isocenter and single-isocenter plans (   < 0.05), respectively. The breast CTV receiving 95% of the prescription dose (V95%) was close to 100% in both techniques. The average breast CTV receiving 105% (V105%) of the prescription dose was 32.4%    19.3% and 23.8%    13.3% (   = 0.08). The percentage volume of the breast CTV receiving 110% of the dose was 0.4%    1.2% in the two-isocentric technique vs. 0.1%    0.2% in the single-isocentric technique. The average uniformity index was 0.91    0.02 vs. 0.91    0.01 in both techniques (p = 0.04), but had no clinical impact. The percentage volume of the contralateral breast receiving a dose of 1 Gy was less than 2.3% in small breast @entity1 and insignificant for medium and large breast sizes. The percentage of the total lung volume receiving > 20 Gy (V20Gy) and the heart receiving > 30 Gy (V30Gy) were 13.6% vs. 14.3% (   = 0.03) and 1.25% vs. 1.2% (   = 0.62), respectively. Shifting the treatment isocenter by 1 mm and 2 mm superiorly showed that the average maximum dose to 1 cc of the breast volume was 55.5    1.8 Gy and 58.6    4.3 Gy in the two-isocentric technique vs. 56.4    2.1 Gy and 59.1    5.1 Gy in the single-isocentric technique (   = 0.46, 0.87), respectively. The single-isocenter technique using four-field hybrid IMRT approach resulted in comparable plan quality as the two-isocentric technique. The single-isocenter technique is more sensitive to intra-fraction motion in the superior direction compared to the two-isocentric technique. The advantages of the single-isocenter include elimination of @entity4 due to couch and collimator rotations and reduction in treatment time. This study supports consideration of a single-isocenter four-field hybrid IMRT technique for @entity1 undergoing breast and supraclavicular nodal irradiation.

title: Single-isocenter hybrid IMRT plans versus two-isocenter conventional plans and impact of intrafraction motion for the treatment of XXXX with supraclavicular lymph nodes involvement.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe @entity1 follows @entity3 during the neonatal period. The role of @entity2 (NO) in learning and memory has been widely investigated. METHODS: This study aimed to investigate the effect of @entity4 during neonatal and juvenile periods on NO metabolites in the hippocampi of @entity0 and on learning and memory. Animals were divided into two groups and treated for 60 days from the first day of lactation. The control group received regular water, whereas animals in a separate group were given water supplemented with 0.03% @entity7 to induce @entity4 . Male offspring were selected and tested in the Morris water maze. Samples of blood were collected to measure the metabolites of NO, @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity5 . The animals were then sacrificed, and their hippocampi were removed to measure the tissue concentrations of @entity8 and @entity9 . DISCUSSION: Compared to the control group's offspring, serum @entity5 levels in the @entity7 group's offspring were significantly lower (P<0.01). In addition, the swim distance and time latency were significantly higher in the @entity7 group (P<0.001), and the time spent by this group in the target quadrant (Q1) during the probe trial was significantly lower (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the plasma levels of NO metabolites between the two groups; however, significantly higher NO metabolite levels in the hippocampi of the @entity7 group were observed compared to controls (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the increased NO level in the hippocampus may play a role in the learning and @entity6 observed in childhood @entity4 ; however, the precise underlying mechanism(s) remains to be elucidated.

title: @entity2 contributes to learning and XXXX observed in @entity4 @entity0 during neonatal and juvenile growth.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe @entity1 follows @entity3 during the neonatal period. The role of @entity2 (NO) in learning and memory has been widely investigated. METHODS: This study aimed to investigate the effect of @entity4 during neonatal and juvenile periods on NO metabolites in the hippocampi of @entity0 and on learning and memory. Animals were divided into two groups and treated for 60 days from the first day of lactation. The control group received regular water, whereas animals in a separate group were given water supplemented with 0.03% @entity7 to induce @entity4 . Male offspring were selected and tested in the Morris water maze. Samples of blood were collected to measure the metabolites of NO, @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity5 . The animals were then sacrificed, and their hippocampi were removed to measure the tissue concentrations of @entity8 and @entity9 . DISCUSSION: Compared to the control group's offspring, serum @entity5 levels in the @entity7 group's offspring were significantly lower (P<0.01). In addition, the swim distance and time latency were significantly higher in the @entity7 group (P<0.001), and the time spent by this group in the target quadrant (Q1) during the probe trial was significantly lower (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the plasma levels of NO metabolites between the two groups; however, significantly higher NO metabolite levels in the hippocampi of the @entity7 group were observed compared to controls (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the increased NO level in the hippocampus may play a role in the learning and @entity6 observed in childhood @entity4 ; however, the precise underlying mechanism(s) remains to be elucidated.

title: XXXX contributes to learning and @entity6 observed in @entity4 @entity0 during neonatal and juvenile growth.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe @entity1 follows @entity3 during the neonatal period. The role of @entity2 (NO) in learning and memory has been widely investigated. METHODS: This study aimed to investigate the effect of @entity4 during neonatal and juvenile periods on NO metabolites in the hippocampi of @entity0 and on learning and memory. Animals were divided into two groups and treated for 60 days from the first day of lactation. The control group received regular water, whereas animals in a separate group were given water supplemented with 0.03% @entity7 to induce @entity4 . Male offspring were selected and tested in the Morris water maze. Samples of blood were collected to measure the metabolites of NO, @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity5 . The animals were then sacrificed, and their hippocampi were removed to measure the tissue concentrations of @entity8 and @entity9 . DISCUSSION: Compared to the control group's offspring, serum @entity5 levels in the @entity7 group's offspring were significantly lower (P<0.01). In addition, the swim distance and time latency were significantly higher in the @entity7 group (P<0.001), and the time spent by this group in the target quadrant (Q1) during the probe trial was significantly lower (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the plasma levels of NO metabolites between the two groups; however, significantly higher NO metabolite levels in the hippocampi of the @entity7 group were observed compared to controls (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the increased NO level in the hippocampus may play a role in the learning and @entity6 observed in childhood @entity4 ; however, the precise underlying mechanism(s) remains to be elucidated.

title: @entity2 contributes to learning and @entity6 observed in XXXX @entity0 during neonatal and juvenile growth.

answer: @entity4