abstract: SCOPE: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) constitute a growing public health concern in western countries. Bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties are lacking in the @entity9 accompanying @entity2 . Selected strains of probiotic bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties accordingly alleviate symptoms and enhance treatment of @entity3 in clinical trials. Such properties are also found in selected strains of dairy starters such as @entity11 and @entity7 . We thus investigated the possibility to develop a fermented dairy product, combining both starter and probiotic abilities of both @entity5 and @entity8 bacteria, designed to extend remissions in @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed a single-strain @entity7 -fermented milk and a two-strain @entity11 and @entity7 -fermented experimental pressed cheese using strains previously selected for their anti-inflammatory properties. Consumption of these experimental fermented dairy products protected @entity1 against @entity10 -induced @entity6 , alleviating severity of symptoms, modulating local and systemic @entity4 , as well as colonic oxidative stress and epithelial cell damages. As a control, the corresponding sterile dairy matrix failed to afford such protection. CONCLUSION: This work reveals the probiotic potential of this bacterial mixture, in the context of fermented dairy products. It opens new perspectives for the reverse engineering development of anti-inflammatory fermented foods designed for target populations with @entity2 , and has provided evidences leading to an ongoing pilot clinical study in @entity3 @entity0 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Combining selected immunomodulatory @entity11 and XXXX strains: Reverse engineering development of an anti-inflammatory cheese.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A limiting factor in the therapeutic outcome of @entity0 with high-risk @entity3 is the intrinsic and acquired resistance to common chemotherapeutic treatments. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which the hemisynthetic cardiac glycoside @entity7 overcomes this limitation and induces differential cell death modalities in both neuroblastic and stromal @entity3 through stimulation of a cell-type-specific autophagic response eventually leading to apoptosis or necroptosis. In neuroblastic SH-SY5Y cells, we observed a time-dependent production of reactive @entity1 species that affects lysosomal integrity inducing lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 degradation and @entity2 and L activation. Subsequent mitochondrial membrane depolarization and accumulation of mitochondria in phagophores occurred after 8h of @entity7 treatment. Results were confirmed by mitochondrial mass analysis, electron microscopy and co-localization of mitochondria with GFP-LC3, suggesting the impaired clearance of damaged mitochondria. Thus, a stress-induced defective autophagic flux and the subsequent lack of clearance of damaged mitochondria sensitized SH-SY5Y cells to @entity7 -induced apoptosis. Inhibition of autophagy with small inhibitory RNAs against @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity4 protected SH-SY5Y cells against the cytotoxic effect of @entity7 by inhibiting apoptosis. In contrast, autophagy progression towards the catabolic state was observed in stromal SK-N-AS cells: here reactive @entity1 species (ROS) generation remained undetectable preserving intact lysosomes and engulfing damaged mitochondria after @entity7 treatment. Moreover, autophagy inhibition determined sensitization of SK-N-AS to apoptosis. We identified efficient mitophagy as the key mechanism leading to failure of activation of the apoptotic pathway that increased resistance of SK-N-AS to @entity7 , triggering rather necroptosis at higher doses. Altogether we characterize here the differential modulation of ROS and mitophagy as a @entity3 resistance with potential relevance for personalized anticancer therapeutic approaches.Oncogene advance online publication, 7 December 2015; doi:10.1038/onc.2015.455.

title: Cell type-dependent ROS and mitophagy response leads to apoptosis or necroptosis in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mesial temporal structures play an important role in @entity0 memory. In @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity3 activity is generated from the same structures. Surgery is the definitive treatment for medically intractable @entity4 . In addition to standard temporal lobe microsurgical resection, stereotactic radiofrequency amygdalohippocampectomy (SAHE) is used as an alternative @entity4 treatment. While @entity5 after @entity1 surgery are well known, it has been shown that memory decline is not a feature of SAHE. The aim of the present study was to correlate the volume of the remnant hippocampus and amygdala in @entity0 treated by SAHE with changes in memory parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven @entity4 @entity0 treated by SAHE (ten right, 27 left) were included. @entity0 underwent magnetic resonance imaging examinations including hippocampal and amygdalar volumetry and neuropsychological evaluation preoperatively and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: Using Spearman correlation analyses, larger left-sided hippocampal reductions were associated with lower verbal memory performance (  =-0.46; P=0.02). On the contrary, improvement of global memory quotient (MQ) was positively correlated with larger right-sided hippocampal reduction (  =0.66; P=0.04). Similarly, positive correlations between the extent of @entity5 (  =0.74; P=0.02) and global MQ change (  =0.69; P=0.03) were found. Thus, larger right hippocampal and @entity2 was associated with higher global and verbal MQ change after SAHE. CONCLUSION: Larger left-sided hippocampal reductions were associated with lower verbal memory performance. This finding is in accordance with the material-specific model of @entity0 memory, which states that the dominant hemisphere is specialized for the learning and recall of verbal information. We hypothesize that larger right-sided ablations enable the left temporal lobe to support memory more effectively, perhaps as a consequence of @entity1 spreading from remnants of right mesiotemporal structures to the left.

title: Relationship between remnant hippocampus and amygdala and memory outcomes after stereotactic surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the long term effects of an @entity1 prevention programme in schools. DESIGN: Longitudinal results after a cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Schools in southwest England. @entity0 : Of the original sample of 644 @entity0 aged 7-11, 511 @entity0 were tracked and measurements were obtained from 434 @entity0 three years after baseline. INTERVENTION: The intervention was conducted over one school year, with four sessions of focused education promoting a healthy diet and discouraging the consumption of carbonated drinks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric measures of height, weight, and waist circumference. Body mass index (BMI) converted to z scores (SD scores) and to centile values with growth reference curves. Waist circumference was also converted to z scores (SD scores). RESULTS: At three years after baseline the age and sex specific BMI z scores (SD scores) had increased in the control group by 0.10 (SD 0.53) but decreased in the intervention group by -0.01 (SD 0.58), with a mean difference of 0.10 (95% confidence interval -0.00 to 0.21, P=0.06). The prevalence of overweight increased in both the intervention and control group at three years and the significant difference between the groups seen at 12 months was no longer evident. The BMI increased in the control group by 2.14 (SD 1.64) and the intervention group by 1.88 (SD 1.71), with mean difference of 0.26 (-0.07 to 0.58, P= 0.12). The waist circumference increased in both groups after three years with a mean difference of 0.09 (-0.06 to 0.26, P=0.25). CONCLUSIONS: These longitudinal results show that after a simple year long intervention the difference in prevalence of overweight in @entity0 seen at 12 months was not sustained at three years.

title: Preventing childhood XXXX : two year follow-up results from the @entity1 ( @entity1 ).

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the long term effects of an @entity1 prevention programme in schools. DESIGN: Longitudinal results after a cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Schools in southwest England. @entity0 : Of the original sample of 644 @entity0 aged 7-11, 511 @entity0 were tracked and measurements were obtained from 434 @entity0 three years after baseline. INTERVENTION: The intervention was conducted over one school year, with four sessions of focused education promoting a healthy diet and discouraging the consumption of carbonated drinks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric measures of height, weight, and waist circumference. Body mass index (BMI) converted to z scores (SD scores) and to centile values with growth reference curves. Waist circumference was also converted to z scores (SD scores). RESULTS: At three years after baseline the age and sex specific BMI z scores (SD scores) had increased in the control group by 0.10 (SD 0.53) but decreased in the intervention group by -0.01 (SD 0.58), with a mean difference of 0.10 (95% confidence interval -0.00 to 0.21, P=0.06). The prevalence of overweight increased in both the intervention and control group at three years and the significant difference between the groups seen at 12 months was no longer evident. The BMI increased in the control group by 2.14 (SD 1.64) and the intervention group by 1.88 (SD 1.71), with mean difference of 0.26 (-0.07 to 0.58, P= 0.12). The waist circumference increased in both groups after three years with a mean difference of 0.09 (-0.06 to 0.26, P=0.25). CONCLUSIONS: These longitudinal results show that after a simple year long intervention the difference in prevalence of overweight in @entity0 seen at 12 months was not sustained at three years.

title: Preventing childhood @entity1 : two year follow-up results from the @entity1 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the long term effects of an @entity1 prevention programme in schools. DESIGN: Longitudinal results after a cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING: Schools in southwest England. @entity0 : Of the original sample of 644 @entity0 aged 7-11, 511 @entity0 were tracked and measurements were obtained from 434 @entity0 three years after baseline. INTERVENTION: The intervention was conducted over one school year, with four sessions of focused education promoting a healthy diet and discouraging the consumption of carbonated drinks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Anthropometric measures of height, weight, and waist circumference. Body mass index (BMI) converted to z scores (SD scores) and to centile values with growth reference curves. Waist circumference was also converted to z scores (SD scores). RESULTS: At three years after baseline the age and sex specific BMI z scores (SD scores) had increased in the control group by 0.10 (SD 0.53) but decreased in the intervention group by -0.01 (SD 0.58), with a mean difference of 0.10 (95% confidence interval -0.00 to 0.21, P=0.06). The prevalence of overweight increased in both the intervention and control group at three years and the significant difference between the groups seen at 12 months was no longer evident. The BMI increased in the control group by 2.14 (SD 1.64) and the intervention group by 1.88 (SD 1.71), with mean difference of 0.26 (-0.07 to 0.58, P= 0.12). The waist circumference increased in both groups after three years with a mean difference of 0.09 (-0.06 to 0.26, P=0.25). CONCLUSIONS: These longitudinal results show that after a simple year long intervention the difference in prevalence of overweight in @entity0 seen at 12 months was not sustained at three years.

title: Preventing childhood @entity1 : two year follow-up results from the XXXX ( @entity1 ).

answer: @entity1


abstract: Uterine fibroids are common @entity1 of the female pelvis. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive alternative procedure in appropriate candidates to conventional myomectomy and hysterectomy for symptomatic @entity6 , reducing or eliminating @entity6 -related symptoms of @entity3 , bulk, and/or @entity2 . In order to completely block the arterial blood supply to the fibroid, UAE is typically performed in both uterine arteries. At 1 year follow-up, the uterus may shrink by up to 55%, however, a re-growth of the fibroid may occur. The rate of major complications and @entity5 following this procedure is low, ranging in most series from 1% to 3.5% and 1% to 7%, respectively. Nevertheless, the rate of @entity5 in @entity0 over 45 seems to be higher. @entity0 who wish to become pregnant should be cautioned about potential complications during pregnancy. Despite the lack of controlled studies that compared UAE with conventional surgery, and despite limited extended outcome data, UAE has gained rapid acceptance, primarily because this procedure preserves the uterus, is less invasive, and has less short-term morbidity than most surgical options. This review focuses on recent publications evaluating UAE and concludes that it is a safe treatment option, providing substantial improvement in both health-related quality of life and symptom control for most @entity0 , with a very low rate of major complications. Any centre that offers UAE should adhere to published clinical guidelines, maintain ongoing assessment of quality improvement measures, and observe strict criteria to obtain procedural privileges. The gynecologist is likely to be the primary initial consultant to @entity0 who present with @entity4 symptoms. Therefore, they must be familiar with the indications, exclusions, outcome expectations, and complications of UAE. When hysterectomy is the only option, UAE should be seriously taken into consideration. At this particular moment in time, data are needed from randomized controlled trials comparing UAE with surgical procedures. Current efforts to provide prospective objective assessment of treatment outcomes and complications after UAE will help to optimize @entity0 options and clinical guidelines.

title: [Treatment of uterine XXXX with bilateral uterine artery embolization: state of the art].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the cytogenetic changes in in vitro- and in vivo-matured oocytes after vitrification. DESIGN: In vitro experiments using @entity0 model. SETTING: Animal model study in university laboratory. ANIMAL(S): @entity2 @entity0 . INTERVENTION(S): In vitro maturation and vitrification of oocytes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Post-warming survival, analysis of spindle and chromosome configurations, @entity1 screening of parthenogenetically activated oocytes, extent of DNA fragmentation, and early embryonic development after IVF. RESULT(S): Eighty percent of germinal vesicle-stage oocytes matured after in vitro maturation and were cryopreserved by vitrification (n = 354). There was no significant difference in the post-warming survival of in vitro- and in vivo-matured oocytes (94.1% vs. 91.8%, respectively). The majority of in vitro- and in vivo-matured oocytes maintained normal meiotic spindle morphology and chromosome alignment (88.2% vs. 86.9%, respectively) after vitrification and the incidence of @entity1 was not increased (11.5% vs. 9.3%). However, in vitro-matured oocytes showed a higher rate of DNA fragmentation after vitrification compared to in vivo-matured oocytes. After vitrification, the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates of in vitro-matured oocytes were significantly lower than those of in vivo-matured oocytes (37.0% vs. 60.0% and 5.4% vs. 18.9%, respectively). CONCLUSION(S): Vitrification of in vitro-matured @entity0 oocytes results in high survival rates, normal meiotic spindle and chromosome alignment, and no increased incidence of @entity1 . A possible cause of the reduced developmental competence of in vitro-matured and vitrified oocytes may be due to DNA fragmentation.

title: Comparison of spindle and chromosome configuration in in vitro- and in vivo-matured XXXX oocytes after vitrification.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aims. To report the results of lateral rectus muscle recession, medial rectus muscle resection, and superior oblique muscle transposition in the restoration and maintenance of ocular alignment in primary position for @entity0 with @entity1 . Methods. The medical records of @entity0 who underwent surgery between March 2007 and September 2011 for @entity1 were reviewed. All @entity0 underwent a preoperative assessment, including a detailed ophthalmologic examination. Results. A total of 6 @entity0 (age range, 14-45 years) were included. The median preoperative horizontal deviation was 67.5 Prism Diopter (PD) (interquartile range [IQR] 57.5-70) and vertical deviation was 13.5 PD (IQR 10-20). The median postoperative horizontal residual exodeviation was 8.0 PD (IQR 1-16), and the vertical deviation was 0 PD (IQR 0-4). The median correction of hypotropia following superior oblique transposition was 13.5    2.9 PD (range, 10-16). All cases were vertically aligned within 5   PD. Four of the six cases were aligned within 10   PD of the horizontal deviation. Adduction and head posture were improved in all @entity0 . All @entity0 gained new area of binocular single vision in the primary position after the operation. Conclusion. Lateral rectus recession, medial rectus resection, and superior oblique transposition may be used to achieve satisfactory cosmetic and functional results in @entity1 .

title: Superior Oblique Anterior Transposition with Horizontal Recti Recession-Resection for Total XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) have higher mortality from @entity0 compared with white Americans (WA). Studies using population-based @entity2 registries have attributed this to disparities in treatment after normalizing the @entity4 and WA populations for differences in disease stage. However, those studies were hampered by lack of comorbidity data and limited information about systemic treatments. The objective of the current study was to investigate racial disparities in @entity0 treatment by conducting a comprehensive medical records review of @entity1 who were diagnosed with @entity0 at the Karmanos @entity2 Institute (KCI) in Detroit, Michigan. METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 651 @entity1 who were diagnosed with primary @entity0 between 1990 and 1996 at KCI. Multivariable logistic regression analysis controlling for sociodemographic factors, @entity2 characteristics, comorbidities, and health insurance status was used to assess whether there were differences between WA and @entity4 in the receipt of breast-conserving surgery (BCS), radiation, @entity3 , and chemotherapy. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between WA and @entity4 in the receipt of BCS versus mastectomy. @entity1 with @entity2 who were enrolled in government insurance plans underwent mastectomy more often (vs BCS plus radiation) compared with @entity1 who were enrolled in nongovernment plans. The rates of receipt of @entity3 and chemotherapy were similar for local-stage WA and local-stage @entity4 . However, WA were more likely to receive @entity3 and/or chemotherapy for regional-stage disease. Married @entity1 with regional disease were more likely to receive chemotherapy than nonmarried @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study may be used to target educational interventions to improve the use of adjuvant therapies among @entity4 @entity1 who have regional-stage disease.

title: Disentangling the effects of race on XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the best observation time for drug administration and withdrawal in the treatment of @entity0 with transient @entity2 ,seeking an objective basis for the safe drug withdrawal. METHODS: @entity1 was prescribed for 1 144 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and according to the results @entity1 was adjusted to a maintenance dosage. Examinations were performed periodically including physical and mental development, thyroid ultrasonography,and blood levels of T3, T4, TSH. For the @entity0 with a small maintenance dosage of @entity1 (15.0 - 16.6 g/d) and all the examinations normal, @entity1 was withdrawn at 2 - 3 years, and the @entity0 were followed up and reexamined after 1 month, 2 months, and 10 months, respectively. Permanent drug withdrawal was determined for @entity0 with all the examinations normal. Once abnormal TSH occurred, @entity1 was prescribed again, and followed up continuously. RESULT: @entity1 was withdrawn from 157 @entity0 . During the follow up, for 15 @entity0 (9.55%) @entity1 were prescribed continuously, and for 142 @entity0 permanent drug withdrawal (confirmed with transient @entity2 ) was determined. Abnormal TSH of various degrees was detected in 48 cases: 25.48 % (40/157),4.46 % (7/157), and 0.64 % (1/157) were detected at 1, 2 and 10 months after drug withdrawal, respectively. In 15 @entity0 @entity1 was prescribed again for the remarkably high TSH, and the other 33 with mildly abnormal TSH finished the treatment since TSH normalized during follow-up. CONCLUSION: After 2 - 3 years of regular treatment, @entity1 can be withdrawn from @entity0 with normal T3, T4, TSH, physical and mental development, and thyroid function. The best observation time for drug withdrawal should be 2 - 3 months. If T3, T4 and TSH levels are in the normal range, drug can be withdrawn safely. Once abnormal results were detected during follow-up, @entity1 should be administrated continuously.

title: [Observation time for drug administration and withdrawal in the treatment of @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the best observation time for drug administration and withdrawal in the treatment of @entity0 with transient @entity2 ,seeking an objective basis for the safe drug withdrawal. METHODS: @entity1 was prescribed for 1 144 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and according to the results @entity1 was adjusted to a maintenance dosage. Examinations were performed periodically including physical and mental development, thyroid ultrasonography,and blood levels of T3, T4, TSH. For the @entity0 with a small maintenance dosage of @entity1 (15.0 - 16.6 g/d) and all the examinations normal, @entity1 was withdrawn at 2 - 3 years, and the @entity0 were followed up and reexamined after 1 month, 2 months, and 10 months, respectively. Permanent drug withdrawal was determined for @entity0 with all the examinations normal. Once abnormal TSH occurred, @entity1 was prescribed again, and followed up continuously. RESULT: @entity1 was withdrawn from 157 @entity0 . During the follow up, for 15 @entity0 (9.55%) @entity1 were prescribed continuously, and for 142 @entity0 permanent drug withdrawal (confirmed with transient @entity2 ) was determined. Abnormal TSH of various degrees was detected in 48 cases: 25.48 % (40/157),4.46 % (7/157), and 0.64 % (1/157) were detected at 1, 2 and 10 months after drug withdrawal, respectively. In 15 @entity0 @entity1 was prescribed again for the remarkably high TSH, and the other 33 with mildly abnormal TSH finished the treatment since TSH normalized during follow-up. CONCLUSION: After 2 - 3 years of regular treatment, @entity1 can be withdrawn from @entity0 with normal T3, T4, TSH, physical and mental development, and thyroid function. The best observation time for drug withdrawal should be 2 - 3 months. If T3, T4 and TSH levels are in the normal range, drug can be withdrawn safely. Once abnormal results were detected during follow-up, @entity1 should be administrated continuously.

title: [Observation time for drug administration and withdrawal in the treatment of XXXX with @entity2 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: In vivo functional neuroimaging, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), is becoming increasingly important in defining the pathophysiology of @entity1 such as @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity3 . Furthermore, recent studies have begun to investigate the possibility of using functional neuroimaging to guide treatment selection for individual @entity0 . By studying the changes between a @entity0 's pre- and post-treatment brain activity, investigators are gaining insights into the impact of treatment on behavior-related neural processing traits associated with particular @entity1 . Furthermore, these studies may shed light on the neural basis of response and nonresponse to specific treatments. The practical limitation of such studies is that the post-treatment scans offer little guidance to treatment selection in clinical settings, since treatment decisions precede the availability of post-treatment brain scans. This shortcoming represents the impetus for developing statistical methodology that would provide clinicians with predictive information concerning the effect of treatment on brain activity and, ultimately, symptom-related behaviors. We present a prediction algorithm that uses a @entity0 's pretreatment scans, coupled with relevant @entity0 characteristics, to forecast the @entity0 's brain activity following a specified treatment regimen. We derive our predictive method from a Bayesian hierarchical model constructed on the pre- and post-treatment scans of designated training data. We perform estimation using the expectation-maximization algorithm. We evaluate the accuracy of our proposed prediction method using K-fold cross-validation, quantifying the error using two new measures that we propose for neuroimaging data. The proposed method is applicable to both PET and fMRI studies. We illustrate its use with a PET study of working memory in @entity0 with @entity2 and an fMRI data example is also provided.

title: Predicting the brain response to treatment using a Bayesian hierarchical model with application to a study of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate whether adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in extremity and truncal soft-tissue @entity2 (STS) @entity0 with microscopically positive or close margins after excision can achieve comparable local control to that of excision with negative margin plus RT. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 150 @entity0 (111 extremity and 39 trunk cases) treated with conserving surgery and adjuvant RT was analyzed. All surgical margins were classified as being a negative margin or a positive or close margin based on pathologic margin width. RT was delivered with a shrinking-field technique in 150 @entity0 (median, 63 Gy). RESULTS: All @entity0 were divided into two groups: (A) excision with negative margins plus RT (n = 56) and (B) excision with positive or close margins plus RT (n = 94). Overall, the 5-year local failure-free survival in all @entity0 was 72.9%, and no significant differences were found between the two groups (Group A, 74.7%; Group B, 71.6%). High @entity1 grade was found to be a significant predictor of local failure. However, Group A was superior to Group B in distant metastasis-free survival (p = 0.02). No significant differences were shown in overall survival between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In our series, margin status did not predict for LF when adjuvant RT was used. We believe that when adjuvant RT is used, re-resection may not be necessary for selected @entity0 with positive or close pathologic margins in the management of extremity and truncal STS @entity0 .

title: Clinical significance of margin status in postoperative radiotherapy for extremity and truncal soft-tissue XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced @entity7 triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and can cause @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The @entity10 ( @entity10 ) protein plays an important role as a late mediator of sepsis and @entity5 . @entity8 ( @entity9 ) is a central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that inhibits the expression of @entity10 . This study evaluated the effects of @entity9 by measuring levels of inflammatory mediators and observing histopathological features associated with LPS-induced @entity5 . Sixty 8-10 week old male @entity1 (200-240 g) were randomized into three groups as follows: control group, LPS group (7.5 mg/kg LPS), and LPS+ @entity9 group (5 mg/kg @entity9 before LPS administration). Histopathological examination of lung specimens obtained 12 h after LPS administration was performed to analyze changes in wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) activity, and @entity10 expression level. Additionally, plasma concentrations of @entity0 @entity2 factor-a, @entity4 , and @entity10 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 0 (baseline), 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after LPS administration. Mortality in the three groups was recorded at 72 h. LPS-induced @entity5 was characterized by distortion of @entity3 and elevation of @entity6 activity, W/D weight ratio, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including @entity0 @entity2 factor-a, @entity4 , and @entity10 . Pretreatment with @entity9 significantly reduced the LPS-induced lung pathological changes, W/D weight ratio, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and @entity6 activity (ANOVA). Moreover, @entity9 treatment significantly decreased the mortality rate (ANOVA). In conclusion, we demonstrated that @entity9 exerted a protective effect on LPS-induced @entity5 in @entity1 .

title: XXXX protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced @entity5 in @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced @entity7 triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and can cause @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The @entity10 ( @entity10 ) protein plays an important role as a late mediator of sepsis and @entity5 . @entity8 ( @entity9 ) is a central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that inhibits the expression of @entity10 . This study evaluated the effects of @entity9 by measuring levels of inflammatory mediators and observing histopathological features associated with LPS-induced @entity5 . Sixty 8-10 week old male @entity1 (200-240 g) were randomized into three groups as follows: control group, LPS group (7.5 mg/kg LPS), and LPS+ @entity9 group (5 mg/kg @entity9 before LPS administration). Histopathological examination of lung specimens obtained 12 h after LPS administration was performed to analyze changes in wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) activity, and @entity10 expression level. Additionally, plasma concentrations of @entity0 @entity2 factor-a, @entity4 , and @entity10 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 0 (baseline), 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after LPS administration. Mortality in the three groups was recorded at 72 h. LPS-induced @entity5 was characterized by distortion of @entity3 and elevation of @entity6 activity, W/D weight ratio, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including @entity0 @entity2 factor-a, @entity4 , and @entity10 . Pretreatment with @entity9 significantly reduced the LPS-induced lung pathological changes, W/D weight ratio, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and @entity6 activity (ANOVA). Moreover, @entity9 treatment significantly decreased the mortality rate (ANOVA). In conclusion, we demonstrated that @entity9 exerted a protective effect on LPS-induced @entity5 in @entity1 .

title: @entity8 protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced @entity7 triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and can cause @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The @entity10 ( @entity10 ) protein plays an important role as a late mediator of sepsis and @entity5 . @entity8 ( @entity9 ) is a central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that inhibits the expression of @entity10 . This study evaluated the effects of @entity9 by measuring levels of inflammatory mediators and observing histopathological features associated with LPS-induced @entity5 . Sixty 8-10 week old male @entity1 (200-240 g) were randomized into three groups as follows: control group, LPS group (7.5 mg/kg LPS), and LPS+ @entity9 group (5 mg/kg @entity9 before LPS administration). Histopathological examination of lung specimens obtained 12 h after LPS administration was performed to analyze changes in wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) activity, and @entity10 expression level. Additionally, plasma concentrations of @entity0 @entity2 factor-a, @entity4 , and @entity10 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 0 (baseline), 3, 6, 9, and 12 h after LPS administration. Mortality in the three groups was recorded at 72 h. LPS-induced @entity5 was characterized by distortion of @entity3 and elevation of @entity6 activity, W/D weight ratio, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including @entity0 @entity2 factor-a, @entity4 , and @entity10 . Pretreatment with @entity9 significantly reduced the LPS-induced lung pathological changes, W/D weight ratio, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and @entity6 activity (ANOVA). Moreover, @entity9 treatment significantly decreased the mortality rate (ANOVA). In conclusion, we demonstrated that @entity9 exerted a protective effect on LPS-induced @entity5 in @entity1 .

title: @entity8 protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced @entity5 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are non-specific and thus can make diagnosis difficult, even for an experienced clinician. We aimed to evaluate the timing of diagnosis of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in Italian hospitals and to identify individual and clinical predictors of timely or delayed diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: MASTER is a multicenter prospective registry of @entity0 with acute @entity3 and @entity4 . Information on clinical presentation and diagnostic methods, temporary and permanent risk factors, were captured by an electronic data network at the time of the index event. RESULTS: Data on 2047 @entity0 (1024 males), 1505 with @entity3 and 542 with @entity4 , were analysed. Delayed diagnosis (i.e. more than 10 days from onset of symptoms) was observed in 340 (22.6%) @entity0 with @entity3 and in 88 (16.2%) with @entity4 , respectively. In @entity3 @entity0 , factors associated with earlier diagnosis were the presence of multiple signs or symptoms (p=0.014), the presence of @entity2 (p=0.049), and previous @entity1 (p=0.016). Neither the presence of other known risk factors nor ongoing prophylaxis influenced the timing of diagnosis. In @entity4 @entity0 , only multiple signs or symptoms at presentation (p=0.014) and the presence of transient risk factors (p=0.001) were significantly associated with earlier diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial delays occur when diagnosing both @entity3 and @entity4 . The severity of presentation, but not @entity0 risk profile are associated with earlier diagnosis, even in @entity0 with signs or symptoms of @entity4 .

title: Factors associated with the timing of diagnosis of XXXX : results from the MASTER registry.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Carotid intraplaque @entity4 is a marker of @entity8 instability. Noninvasive assessment of bleeding can be performed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but its association with inflammatory markers has not been clearly demonstrated. METHODS: We evaluated consecutive carotid endarterectomy @entity0 that underwent high-resolution MRI, independent evaluation of neurologic symptoms, @entity7 measurement, and histologic analysis. Intraplaque @entity4 was determined by the presence of a hyperintense MRI signal (T1-weighted sequence). RESULTS: The study included 70 predominantly male (66%) and @entity2 (89%) @entity0 (89%) aged 66 +/- 9 years old. MR angiography identified 15 @entity0 (21.5%) with @entity6 between 50% and 69%, 15 (21.5%) with @entity6 between 70% and 90%, and 40 (57%) with @entity6 >90%. High-resolution MRI depicted a hyperintense signal suggestive of intraplaque bleeding in 45 subjects (64%). All @entity0 who had had transient @entity1 attacks >90 days before the surgery showed a hyperintense signal on MRI (P = .007). Age, gender, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and history of @entity5 or @entity9 were similar in @entity0 with or without signs of intraplaque bleeding on MRI. There was excellent agreement between acute or recent @entity4 on histologic and MRI findings (kappa coefficient, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.00). Only one of 45 @entity0 (2%) with a hyperintense signal on MRI did not have acute or recent @entity4 in the histologic analysis (P < .001). High-sensitivity @entity7 levels were similar for different degrees of @entity3 as assessed by MR angiography, but they were significantly higher in clinically unstable @entity0 (P = .006) and in those with a positive hyperintense MRI signal (P = .01). In an aggregated analysis of neurologic symptoms and MRI findings, we found a progressive increase of high-sensitivity @entity7 levels (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Intraplaque @entity4 evaluated by MRI identified neurologically unstable @entity0 with increased levels of high-sensitivity @entity7 regardless of the degree of @entity3 .

title: Intraplaque @entity4 assessed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and XXXX in carotid atherosclerosis.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Carotid intraplaque @entity4 is a marker of @entity8 instability. Noninvasive assessment of bleeding can be performed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but its association with inflammatory markers has not been clearly demonstrated. METHODS: We evaluated consecutive carotid endarterectomy @entity0 that underwent high-resolution MRI, independent evaluation of neurologic symptoms, @entity7 measurement, and histologic analysis. Intraplaque @entity4 was determined by the presence of a hyperintense MRI signal (T1-weighted sequence). RESULTS: The study included 70 predominantly male (66%) and @entity2 (89%) @entity0 (89%) aged 66 +/- 9 years old. MR angiography identified 15 @entity0 (21.5%) with @entity6 between 50% and 69%, 15 (21.5%) with @entity6 between 70% and 90%, and 40 (57%) with @entity6 >90%. High-resolution MRI depicted a hyperintense signal suggestive of intraplaque bleeding in 45 subjects (64%). All @entity0 who had had transient @entity1 attacks >90 days before the surgery showed a hyperintense signal on MRI (P = .007). Age, gender, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and history of @entity5 or @entity9 were similar in @entity0 with or without signs of intraplaque bleeding on MRI. There was excellent agreement between acute or recent @entity4 on histologic and MRI findings (kappa coefficient, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.81 to 1.00). Only one of 45 @entity0 (2%) with a hyperintense signal on MRI did not have acute or recent @entity4 in the histologic analysis (P < .001). High-sensitivity @entity7 levels were similar for different degrees of @entity3 as assessed by MR angiography, but they were significantly higher in clinically unstable @entity0 (P = .006) and in those with a positive hyperintense MRI signal (P = .01). In an aggregated analysis of neurologic symptoms and MRI findings, we found a progressive increase of high-sensitivity @entity7 levels (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Intraplaque @entity4 evaluated by MRI identified neurologically unstable @entity0 with increased levels of high-sensitivity @entity7 regardless of the degree of @entity3 .

title: Intraplaque XXXX assessed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and @entity7 in carotid atherosclerosis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Little is known about the incidence and clinical outcomes of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) involving native valves in Asian countries. This nationwide study investigated epidemiologic features and in-hospital mortality associated with @entity5 in adults (age > or =18 years) based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance database from 1997 through 2002. Of 7,240 enrolled @entity0 with @entity5 involving native valves, the mean age was 53 +/- 19 years and 70% were @entity0 . The mean annual crude incidence was 7.6 per 100,000 inhabitants. The incidence was significantly higher in @entity0 than in @entity0 (10.4 vs 4.6 per 100,000; p <0.001). The incidence of @entity5 increased steadily with age, ranging from 3.8 per 100,000 @entity0 in @entity0 <30 years of age to 33 per 100,000 @entity0 in @entity0 > or =80 years of age (p <0.001). Staphylococcal (32%) and streptococcal species (61%) were the most common causative pathogens. The mean in-hospital mortality rate was 18%. Multivariate analysis showed that male gender, older age (> or =50 years), @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity6 , and Staphylococcus species as the causative microorganism were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. In conclusion, this Taiwanese study revealed a high incidence of @entity5 in @entity0 and elderly subjects. The in-hospital mortality rate remained high. @entity0 with @entity5 who also developed @entity6 and @entity7 were the most likely to have a poor outcome.

title: Epidemiologic features of XXXX in Taiwanese adults involving native valves.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Many investigators who have analysed the possible correlation between @entity2 and high serum @entity1 levels have found that hearing appears to be influenced by high blood lipids. Noise, as is well known, also influences hearing, particularly at high frequencies. It increases serum @entity1 levels during short-term experiments. The present investigation addresses the question of a possibly increased ototraumatic influence by the combination of high serum @entity1 levels and occupational noise exposure. Seventy-eight 50-year-old @entity0 with high serum @entity1 levels from a WHO study were compared with 75 50-year-old @entity0 who were randomly selected from the same WHO material. Group mean audiograms showed that hearing was similar in both groups, with a moderate high frequency @entity2 having a configuration suggestive of a noise-induced @entity2 . Analysis of the individual histories and the pure-tone audiograms showed that noise was the most predominant factor influencing hearing at any specific frequency or combination of frequencies. There was a statistically significant tendency for the high- @entity1 group that had suffered the most noise exposure, to have a @entity4 . There was also a tendency for the low- @entity1 group to have a high-frequency loss if they had been excessively exposed to occupational noise. No further correlations were found. The present results indicate a slightly increased risk of acquiring a high-frequency @entity3 for @entity0 who work in noisy environments and have high serum @entity1 levels.

title: Is there a relationship between hypercholesterolaemia and noise-induced XXXX ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: From the analysis of 182 consecutive surgical @entity0 who underwent hepatectomy and/or were associated with @entity6 during 1963-1982, @entity7 was proved to be so much often in those @entity0 . The case rate of this complication tends to increase according to resected size of liver tissue and severity of @entity6 . Those cases showed clinical signs of @entity9 and were often associated with @entity5 and @entity12 . In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of the @entity7 based on @entity3 , a @entity2 experimental model in which blood inflow into the liver was completely blocked was newly devised, and respiratory state in this model was analysed. The following results were obtained. The increase of EVLW (extravascular lung water) measured by modified double indicator dilution method was linear to the increase of PWP (pulmonary wedge pressure) in both @entity8 group and control group. But the coefficient of the regression line was three times larger in the former group than in the latter. It suggests that permeability of pulmonary capillary was highly increased in @entity8 group. All @entity2 with @entity8 showed typical symptomes of @entity1 at maximal PWP. @entity11 , consumption of neutrophils, decrease of CH50 and serum opsonin were thought to be mediators of the increase of lung vascular permeability. @entity4 and @entity10 blocked the increase of the lung vascular permeability completely but not the increase of lung vascular resistance in this experimental model.

title: [Acute @entity7 based on XXXX in @entity2 @entity3 model].

answer: @entity3


abstract: From the analysis of 182 consecutive surgical @entity0 who underwent hepatectomy and/or were associated with @entity6 during 1963-1982, @entity7 was proved to be so much often in those @entity0 . The case rate of this complication tends to increase according to resected size of liver tissue and severity of @entity6 . Those cases showed clinical signs of @entity9 and were often associated with @entity5 and @entity12 . In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of the @entity7 based on @entity3 , a @entity2 experimental model in which blood inflow into the liver was completely blocked was newly devised, and respiratory state in this model was analysed. The following results were obtained. The increase of EVLW (extravascular lung water) measured by modified double indicator dilution method was linear to the increase of PWP (pulmonary wedge pressure) in both @entity8 group and control group. But the coefficient of the regression line was three times larger in the former group than in the latter. It suggests that permeability of pulmonary capillary was highly increased in @entity8 group. All @entity2 with @entity8 showed typical symptomes of @entity1 at maximal PWP. @entity11 , consumption of neutrophils, decrease of CH50 and serum opsonin were thought to be mediators of the increase of lung vascular permeability. @entity4 and @entity10 blocked the increase of the lung vascular permeability completely but not the increase of lung vascular resistance in this experimental model.

title: [Acute @entity7 based on @entity3 in @entity2 XXXX model].

answer: @entity3


abstract: From the analysis of 182 consecutive surgical @entity0 who underwent hepatectomy and/or were associated with @entity6 during 1963-1982, @entity7 was proved to be so much often in those @entity0 . The case rate of this complication tends to increase according to resected size of liver tissue and severity of @entity6 . Those cases showed clinical signs of @entity9 and were often associated with @entity5 and @entity12 . In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of the @entity7 based on @entity3 , a @entity2 experimental model in which blood inflow into the liver was completely blocked was newly devised, and respiratory state in this model was analysed. The following results were obtained. The increase of EVLW (extravascular lung water) measured by modified double indicator dilution method was linear to the increase of PWP (pulmonary wedge pressure) in both @entity8 group and control group. But the coefficient of the regression line was three times larger in the former group than in the latter. It suggests that permeability of pulmonary capillary was highly increased in @entity8 group. All @entity2 with @entity8 showed typical symptomes of @entity1 at maximal PWP. @entity11 , consumption of neutrophils, decrease of CH50 and serum opsonin were thought to be mediators of the increase of lung vascular permeability. @entity4 and @entity10 blocked the increase of the lung vascular permeability completely but not the increase of lung vascular resistance in this experimental model.

title: [Acute XXXX based on @entity3 in @entity2 @entity3 model].

answer: @entity7


abstract: From the analysis of 182 consecutive surgical @entity0 who underwent hepatectomy and/or were associated with @entity6 during 1963-1982, @entity7 was proved to be so much often in those @entity0 . The case rate of this complication tends to increase according to resected size of liver tissue and severity of @entity6 . Those cases showed clinical signs of @entity9 and were often associated with @entity5 and @entity12 . In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of the @entity7 based on @entity3 , a @entity2 experimental model in which blood inflow into the liver was completely blocked was newly devised, and respiratory state in this model was analysed. The following results were obtained. The increase of EVLW (extravascular lung water) measured by modified double indicator dilution method was linear to the increase of PWP (pulmonary wedge pressure) in both @entity8 group and control group. But the coefficient of the regression line was three times larger in the former group than in the latter. It suggests that permeability of pulmonary capillary was highly increased in @entity8 group. All @entity2 with @entity8 showed typical symptomes of @entity1 at maximal PWP. @entity11 , consumption of neutrophils, decrease of CH50 and serum opsonin were thought to be mediators of the increase of lung vascular permeability. @entity4 and @entity10 blocked the increase of the lung vascular permeability completely but not the increase of lung vascular resistance in this experimental model.

title: [Acute @entity7 based on @entity3 in XXXX @entity3 model].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of primary @entity2 varies between countries. Many of the etiological factors contributing to the geographical variations in incidence are unknown. Development of @entity3 has been linked to levels of trace elements. This review summarizes the evidence associating @entity3 with trace elements. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases were searched. Various inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the articles for inclusion. Data extraction was performed using a custom designed data extraction form. RESULTS: A total of 12,344 references were identified. Duplicates, 1,597, were excluded. Clearly irrelevant references, 10,676, were excluded through reading titles and abstracts. Some references (59) were excluded by applying the exclusion criteria. Twelve studies including 646 @entity0 and measuring @entity1 content (8), @entity5 content (11), @entity4 (9), and @entity6 (2) qualified for the review. Although a meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity between the studies, a clear pattern of distribution of the trace elements was discernible. CONCLUSION: @entity1 and @entity4 content are lower in @entity3 than in surrounding tissues or normal controls. @entity5 content is lower in @entity3 than in surrounding tissues and cirrhotic controls. Epidemiological and physiological reasons for the trace element alterations should be further investigated.

title: Trace element concentration in primary XXXX --a systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Between 1978 and 1983, 35 neonates with @entity5 (from a group of 200 cases with the same pathology) underwent @entity5 relief. Indications for operation were persistent @entity4 and/or @entity0 . Three surgical techniques were employed: Aortoplasty with prosthetic patch (politetrafluoroethylen) in 23 cases. Repair with subclavian flap in 11 cases, and resection of coarctate segment with and-to-end @entity1 in only one case. It is an important fact the high incidence of @entity3 associated with @entity5 in neonates. There were 8 deaths (six of them with associated @entity3 , and other with miocardiophaty). There were 8 late deaths and 5 cases with @entity2 , and no @entity0 cases. All others are well in the follow-up. Some of them are waiting for definitive correction of their major @entity3 . The high risk of mortality in this group, mark again the importance of adequate medical treatment previous to surgical correction in optimal conditions and as early as possible.

title: [Surgical management of XXXX in the newborn infant].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a phase I dose escalation study to determine the maximum tolerated dose, recommended dose, and safety profile of a biweekly @entity1 and @entity7 combination regimen in the treatment of @entity0 with completely resected @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with completely resected pathologically documented stage IB, II, or IIIA @entity4 , performance status (ECOG) 0-1, with adequate bone marrow, @entity3 , were treated with @entity1 and @entity7 . The starting dose was @entity1 800 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity7 area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) 4 mg/mL/min on day 1. @entity1 was increased to 1000 mg/m2 (level 3). @entity7 was increased to AUC 5 (level 2, 3). The regimen was performed every 4 weeks. The dose-limiting @entity2 of the regimen was assessed during the first chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS: Nine @entity0 were enrolled in this study. All @entity0 were assessed for safety. Grade 3 @entity6 occurred in 1 @entity0 (11%) and grade 3/4 @entity5 occurred in 3 @entity0 (33%). No other grade 3/4 @entity2 was observed. No dose-limiting @entity2 was experienced at dose levels 1, 2, and 3 of this schedule. CONCLUSION: Maximum tolerated dose was not reached in this study. Considering treatment continuation, the recommended dose for a phase II study is @entity1 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity7 AUC 5 on day 1, every 4 weeks. Biweekly administration of @entity1 and @entity7 is a feasible and well-tolerated regimen for the treatment of @entity0 with completely resected @entity4 as adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: A phase I dose escalation study of biweekly @entity1 and @entity7 in completely resected stage IB-IIIA XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a phase I dose escalation study to determine the maximum tolerated dose, recommended dose, and safety profile of a biweekly @entity1 and @entity7 combination regimen in the treatment of @entity0 with completely resected @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with completely resected pathologically documented stage IB, II, or IIIA @entity4 , performance status (ECOG) 0-1, with adequate bone marrow, @entity3 , were treated with @entity1 and @entity7 . The starting dose was @entity1 800 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity7 area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) 4 mg/mL/min on day 1. @entity1 was increased to 1000 mg/m2 (level 3). @entity7 was increased to AUC 5 (level 2, 3). The regimen was performed every 4 weeks. The dose-limiting @entity2 of the regimen was assessed during the first chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS: Nine @entity0 were enrolled in this study. All @entity0 were assessed for safety. Grade 3 @entity6 occurred in 1 @entity0 (11%) and grade 3/4 @entity5 occurred in 3 @entity0 (33%). No other grade 3/4 @entity2 was observed. No dose-limiting @entity2 was experienced at dose levels 1, 2, and 3 of this schedule. CONCLUSION: Maximum tolerated dose was not reached in this study. Considering treatment continuation, the recommended dose for a phase II study is @entity1 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity7 AUC 5 on day 1, every 4 weeks. Biweekly administration of @entity1 and @entity7 is a feasible and well-tolerated regimen for the treatment of @entity0 with completely resected @entity4 as adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: A phase I dose escalation study of biweekly @entity1 and XXXX in completely resected stage IB-IIIA @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a phase I dose escalation study to determine the maximum tolerated dose, recommended dose, and safety profile of a biweekly @entity1 and @entity7 combination regimen in the treatment of @entity0 with completely resected @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with completely resected pathologically documented stage IB, II, or IIIA @entity4 , performance status (ECOG) 0-1, with adequate bone marrow, @entity3 , were treated with @entity1 and @entity7 . The starting dose was @entity1 800 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity7 area under the time-concentration curve (AUC) 4 mg/mL/min on day 1. @entity1 was increased to 1000 mg/m2 (level 3). @entity7 was increased to AUC 5 (level 2, 3). The regimen was performed every 4 weeks. The dose-limiting @entity2 of the regimen was assessed during the first chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS: Nine @entity0 were enrolled in this study. All @entity0 were assessed for safety. Grade 3 @entity6 occurred in 1 @entity0 (11%) and grade 3/4 @entity5 occurred in 3 @entity0 (33%). No other grade 3/4 @entity2 was observed. No dose-limiting @entity2 was experienced at dose levels 1, 2, and 3 of this schedule. CONCLUSION: Maximum tolerated dose was not reached in this study. Considering treatment continuation, the recommended dose for a phase II study is @entity1 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15 and @entity7 AUC 5 on day 1, every 4 weeks. Biweekly administration of @entity1 and @entity7 is a feasible and well-tolerated regimen for the treatment of @entity0 with completely resected @entity4 as adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: A phase I dose escalation study of biweekly XXXX and @entity7 in completely resected stage IB-IIIA @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is scarce data on the clinical profile of adult Brazilian @entity0 with @entity9 caused by @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and response to treatment in adult @entity0 with @entity9 having a histological diagnosis of @entity10 or @entity11 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 50 @entity0 with @entity10 and 120 with @entity11 . All @entity0 were initially treated with @entity2 . The study outcomes were: @entity4 responsiveness, prevalence of total remission, progression to @entity1 and need of renal replacement therapy due to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: Initial serum @entity8 level was 24% higher among @entity0 with @entity11 (p = 0.02), and @entity6 levels were 36% higher in @entity10 (p < 0.001). @entity0 with @entity10 were sensitive to @entity4 therapy in 80% of the cases, with total remission in 74%, while @entity0 with @entity11 were sensitive in 58% (p = 0.01), with total remission in 30% (p = 0.002). @entity0 with @entity11 had an @entity7 prevalence of 39% (vs. 12%, p = 0.013) and @entity3 of 10% (vs. 0%, p < 0.001). @entity4 responsiveness reduced in 83% the risk of @entity3 (p < 0.001), while total remission was associated to a reduction in risk of 89% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A positive response to @entity4 therapy was the most important factor related with preservation of renal function and @entity11 was related with less @entity4 responsiveness.

title: @entity10 and XXXX in adults: response to @entity2 and risk of @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is scarce data on the clinical profile of adult Brazilian @entity0 with @entity9 caused by @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and response to treatment in adult @entity0 with @entity9 having a histological diagnosis of @entity10 or @entity11 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 50 @entity0 with @entity10 and 120 with @entity11 . All @entity0 were initially treated with @entity2 . The study outcomes were: @entity4 responsiveness, prevalence of total remission, progression to @entity1 and need of renal replacement therapy due to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: Initial serum @entity8 level was 24% higher among @entity0 with @entity11 (p = 0.02), and @entity6 levels were 36% higher in @entity10 (p < 0.001). @entity0 with @entity10 were sensitive to @entity4 therapy in 80% of the cases, with total remission in 74%, while @entity0 with @entity11 were sensitive in 58% (p = 0.01), with total remission in 30% (p = 0.002). @entity0 with @entity11 had an @entity7 prevalence of 39% (vs. 12%, p = 0.013) and @entity3 of 10% (vs. 0%, p < 0.001). @entity4 responsiveness reduced in 83% the risk of @entity3 (p < 0.001), while total remission was associated to a reduction in risk of 89% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A positive response to @entity4 therapy was the most important factor related with preservation of renal function and @entity11 was related with less @entity4 responsiveness.

title: XXXX and @entity5 in adults: response to @entity2 and risk of @entity1 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is scarce data on the clinical profile of adult Brazilian @entity0 with @entity9 caused by @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and response to treatment in adult @entity0 with @entity9 having a histological diagnosis of @entity10 or @entity11 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 50 @entity0 with @entity10 and 120 with @entity11 . All @entity0 were initially treated with @entity2 . The study outcomes were: @entity4 responsiveness, prevalence of total remission, progression to @entity1 and need of renal replacement therapy due to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: Initial serum @entity8 level was 24% higher among @entity0 with @entity11 (p = 0.02), and @entity6 levels were 36% higher in @entity10 (p < 0.001). @entity0 with @entity10 were sensitive to @entity4 therapy in 80% of the cases, with total remission in 74%, while @entity0 with @entity11 were sensitive in 58% (p = 0.01), with total remission in 30% (p = 0.002). @entity0 with @entity11 had an @entity7 prevalence of 39% (vs. 12%, p = 0.013) and @entity3 of 10% (vs. 0%, p < 0.001). @entity4 responsiveness reduced in 83% the risk of @entity3 (p < 0.001), while total remission was associated to a reduction in risk of 89% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A positive response to @entity4 therapy was the most important factor related with preservation of renal function and @entity11 was related with less @entity4 responsiveness.

title: @entity10 and @entity5 in adults: response to XXXX and risk of @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There is scarce data on the clinical profile of adult Brazilian @entity0 with @entity9 caused by @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical characteristics and response to treatment in adult @entity0 with @entity9 having a histological diagnosis of @entity10 or @entity11 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 50 @entity0 with @entity10 and 120 with @entity11 . All @entity0 were initially treated with @entity2 . The study outcomes were: @entity4 responsiveness, prevalence of total remission, progression to @entity1 and need of renal replacement therapy due to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: Initial serum @entity8 level was 24% higher among @entity0 with @entity11 (p = 0.02), and @entity6 levels were 36% higher in @entity10 (p < 0.001). @entity0 with @entity10 were sensitive to @entity4 therapy in 80% of the cases, with total remission in 74%, while @entity0 with @entity11 were sensitive in 58% (p = 0.01), with total remission in 30% (p = 0.002). @entity0 with @entity11 had an @entity7 prevalence of 39% (vs. 12%, p = 0.013) and @entity3 of 10% (vs. 0%, p < 0.001). @entity4 responsiveness reduced in 83% the risk of @entity3 (p < 0.001), while total remission was associated to a reduction in risk of 89% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A positive response to @entity4 therapy was the most important factor related with preservation of renal function and @entity11 was related with less @entity4 responsiveness.

title: @entity10 and @entity5 in adults: response to @entity2 and risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study new and easy way to calculate equations to predict ionized @entity3 ( @entity2 ) for adult hospitalized @entity0 with usual laboratory and clinical parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study conducted in a third-level university hospital. An initial learning cohort (cohort L: 269 @entity0 ) was selected to deriving the new equations. These equations were tested in a validation of another cohort (cohort V: 146 @entity0 ). @entity0 selected were hospitalized adults that had simultaneous determinations of @entity2 and serum total @entity3 (CaTot). They were classified using their estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFRe) into normal function, moderate, and severe @entity1 . Demographic and biochemical parameters, in addition to comorbidities, were collected from hospital databases. Nine published equations to predict @entity2 and two widely-used equations to predict corrected CaTot were also selected to compare to newer equations in accuracy in detecting serum @entity3 alterations. New equations were derived by a multiple linear-regression analysis from @entity0 in cohort L. RESULTS: Three equations were derived containing CaTot square root as the main independent variable Eq. 1: @entity2 = 0.815 * CaTot0.5. Eq. 2: @entity2 = 0.826 * CaTot0.5 - 0.023 * RF. Eq 3: @entity2 = 0.813 * CaTot0.5 - 0.006 * Alb0.75 + 0.079. These equations performed better than published equations to predict @entity2 when analyzed their error measures in the cohort V, even in special populations as critically ill and very old @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Three new equations predicting @entity2 were derived requiring easy available clinical and laboratory parameters. They could be valuable in predicting @entity5 , but of limited use in @entity4 .

title: New Predictive Equations for Serum Ionized XXXX in Hospitalized @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study new and easy way to calculate equations to predict ionized @entity3 ( @entity2 ) for adult hospitalized @entity0 with usual laboratory and clinical parameters. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study conducted in a third-level university hospital. An initial learning cohort (cohort L: 269 @entity0 ) was selected to deriving the new equations. These equations were tested in a validation of another cohort (cohort V: 146 @entity0 ). @entity0 selected were hospitalized adults that had simultaneous determinations of @entity2 and serum total @entity3 (CaTot). They were classified using their estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFRe) into normal function, moderate, and severe @entity1 . Demographic and biochemical parameters, in addition to comorbidities, were collected from hospital databases. Nine published equations to predict @entity2 and two widely-used equations to predict corrected CaTot were also selected to compare to newer equations in accuracy in detecting serum @entity3 alterations. New equations were derived by a multiple linear-regression analysis from @entity0 in cohort L. RESULTS: Three equations were derived containing CaTot square root as the main independent variable Eq. 1: @entity2 = 0.815 * CaTot0.5. Eq. 2: @entity2 = 0.826 * CaTot0.5 - 0.023 * RF. Eq 3: @entity2 = 0.813 * CaTot0.5 - 0.006 * Alb0.75 + 0.079. These equations performed better than published equations to predict @entity2 when analyzed their error measures in the cohort V, even in special populations as critically ill and very old @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Three new equations predicting @entity2 were derived requiring easy available clinical and laboratory parameters. They could be valuable in predicting @entity5 , but of limited use in @entity4 .

title: New Predictive Equations for Serum Ionized @entity3 in Hospitalized XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since the early 1990s, pylorus-preserving gastrectomy ( @entity4 ) has been used in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity1 in order to reduce postprandial symptoms. To date, there have been few reports of long-term symptom evaluation following this procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term postoperative outcomes after @entity4 . METHODS: Three hundred and ninety-seven @entity0 with @entity1 were enrolled in this study: 194 @entity0 who underwent @entity4 and 203 who underwent distal gastrectomy with Billroth-I reconstruction (DGBI). We compared the symptoms for the two groups in a questionnaire on postoperative functional outcomes, endoscopy findings and the appearance of @entity2 after surgery. RESULTS: The incidence of symptoms suggesting @entity3 was significantly lower in the @entity4 group compared with the DGBI group (P < 0.05). The incidences of disturbed bowel habit and frequent flatus were significantly lower in the @entity4 than in the DGBI group. The average relative body weight (actual BW/ BW immediately before the surgery) was significantly better in the @entity4 than in the DGBI group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The long-term results show that @entity4 has clear advantages over DGBI in terms of postoperative symptoms and functional outcomes. These results imply that @entity4 should be the recommended procedure for early @entity1 located in the middle third of the stomach.

title: Symptom evaluation of long-term postoperative outcomes after pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: METHODS: We studied four @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 who developed sudden @entity6 . The clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, MR imaging findings, and clinical outcome in each @entity0 were evaluated. RESULTS: All four @entity0 had long-term @entity1 and severe azotaemia. Brain MR findings consisted of bilateral symmetric @entity2 , with decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. All three @entity0 who underwent diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) showed signal intensities similar to those of the surroundings in regions corresponding to increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images, with slightly increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Two of the @entity0 showed small focal areas of restricted diffusion within the @entity2 . After haemodialysis, follow-up MR imaging in all @entity0 demonstrated that the @entity2 had regressed markedly, with some residual changes. The @entity4 also improved in all @entity0 . CONCLUSION: A syndrome associated with acute bilateral @entity2 in @entity1 @entity0 is rare, with reversible changes demonstrated by clinical and imaging findings. DWI showed that the bilateral @entity2 in this syndrome were primarily vasogenic in origin, although there were small foci of @entity5 .

title: Acute bilateral @entity2 in XXXX : diffusion-weighted MRI.

answer: @entity1


abstract: METHODS: We studied four @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 who developed sudden @entity6 . The clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, MR imaging findings, and clinical outcome in each @entity0 were evaluated. RESULTS: All four @entity0 had long-term @entity1 and severe azotaemia. Brain MR findings consisted of bilateral symmetric @entity2 , with decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. All three @entity0 who underwent diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) showed signal intensities similar to those of the surroundings in regions corresponding to increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images, with slightly increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Two of the @entity0 showed small focal areas of restricted diffusion within the @entity2 . After haemodialysis, follow-up MR imaging in all @entity0 demonstrated that the @entity2 had regressed markedly, with some residual changes. The @entity4 also improved in all @entity0 . CONCLUSION: A syndrome associated with acute bilateral @entity2 in @entity1 @entity0 is rare, with reversible changes demonstrated by clinical and imaging findings. DWI showed that the bilateral @entity2 in this syndrome were primarily vasogenic in origin, although there were small foci of @entity5 .

title: Acute bilateral XXXX in @entity1 : diffusion-weighted MRI.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF) syndrome is a recurrent @entity4 that affects up to 23% of @entity0 with normal menstrual cycles and up to 73% with @entity2 . Mechanisms underlying the development of @entity14 in mares were studied to provide a potential model for @entity0 @entity10 . The effect of extended increase in circulating @entity15 achieved by administration of recombinant @entity8 @entity15 (reLH) or a short surge of @entity15 and decrease in @entity6 induced by @entity13 ( @entity13 ) on LUF formation (Experiment 1), identification of an optimal dose of @entity12 inhibitor ( @entity11 , FM; to block the effect of @entity9 ) for inducing LUFs (Experiment 2), and evaluation of intrafollicular endocrine milieu in LUFs (Experiment 3) were investigated. In Experiment 1, mares were treated with reLH from Days 7-15 (Day 0 = ovulation), @entity13 on Day 7, or in combination. In Experiment 2, FM at doses of 2.0 or 3.0 mg/kg every 12 h and hCG (1500 IU) were administered after a follicle >= 32 mm was detected. In Experiment 3, FM at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg every 12 h plus hCG was used to induce LUFs and investigate the intrafollicular endocrine milieu. No LUFs were induced by reLH or @entity13 treatment; however, LUFs were induced in 100% of mares using FM. Intrafollicular @entity13 metabolite (PGFM), @entity13 , and @entity7 were lower and the ratio of @entity7 : @entity13 was higher in the Induced LUF group. Higher levels of intrafollicular E2 and total primary sex @entity3 were observed in the Induced LUF group along with a tendency for higher levels of GH, @entity5 , and T; however, @entity15 , PRL, @entity1 , and NO did not differ between groups. In conclusion, this study reveals part of the intrafollicular endocrine milieu and the association of @entity9 in LUF formation, and indicates that the mare might be an appropriate model for studying the poorly understood @entity14 .

title: The mare as a model for luteinized XXXX : intrafollicular endocrine milieu.

answer: @entity14


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 is a common cause of @entity4 after kidney transplant. We designed this 12-month, prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized study to evaluate whether @entity2 is more effective than @entity7 for controlling @entity4 caused by persistent @entity5 after kidney transplant. Kidney allograft recipients with @entity4 and elevated intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentration were eligible if they had received a transplant >= 6 months before the study and had an @entity1 >30 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). The primary end point was the proportion of @entity0 with normocalcemia at 12 months. Secondary end points were serum iPTH concentration, serum @entity8 concentration, bone mineral density, @entity3 , renal function, @entity0 and graft survival, and economic cost. In total, 30 @entity0 were randomized to receive @entity7 (n=15) or @entity2 (n=15). At 12 months, ten of 15 @entity0 in the @entity7 group and 15 of 15 @entity0 in the parathyroidectomy group (P=0.04) achieved normocalcemia. Normalization of serum @entity8 concentration occurred in almost all @entity0 . @entity2 induced greater reduction of iPTH and associated with a significant increase in femoral neck bone mineral density; @entity3 remained unchanged in both groups. The most frequent adverse events were digestive intolerance in the @entity7 group and @entity6 in the parathyroidectomy group. Surgery would be more cost effective than @entity7 if @entity7 duration reached 14 months. All @entity0 were alive with a functioning graft at the end of follow-up. In conclusion, @entity2 was superior to @entity7 in controlling @entity4 in these @entity0 with kidney transplants and persistent @entity5 .

title: A Randomized Study Comparing Parathyroidectomy with @entity7 for Treating @entity4 in Kidney Allograft Recipients with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 is a common cause of @entity4 after kidney transplant. We designed this 12-month, prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized study to evaluate whether @entity2 is more effective than @entity7 for controlling @entity4 caused by persistent @entity5 after kidney transplant. Kidney allograft recipients with @entity4 and elevated intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentration were eligible if they had received a transplant >= 6 months before the study and had an @entity1 >30 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). The primary end point was the proportion of @entity0 with normocalcemia at 12 months. Secondary end points were serum iPTH concentration, serum @entity8 concentration, bone mineral density, @entity3 , renal function, @entity0 and graft survival, and economic cost. In total, 30 @entity0 were randomized to receive @entity7 (n=15) or @entity2 (n=15). At 12 months, ten of 15 @entity0 in the @entity7 group and 15 of 15 @entity0 in the parathyroidectomy group (P=0.04) achieved normocalcemia. Normalization of serum @entity8 concentration occurred in almost all @entity0 . @entity2 induced greater reduction of iPTH and associated with a significant increase in femoral neck bone mineral density; @entity3 remained unchanged in both groups. The most frequent adverse events were digestive intolerance in the @entity7 group and @entity6 in the parathyroidectomy group. Surgery would be more cost effective than @entity7 if @entity7 duration reached 14 months. All @entity0 were alive with a functioning graft at the end of follow-up. In conclusion, @entity2 was superior to @entity7 in controlling @entity4 in these @entity0 with kidney transplants and persistent @entity5 .

title: A Randomized Study Comparing Parathyroidectomy with @entity7 for Treating XXXX in Kidney Allograft Recipients with @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 is a common cause of @entity4 after kidney transplant. We designed this 12-month, prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized study to evaluate whether @entity2 is more effective than @entity7 for controlling @entity4 caused by persistent @entity5 after kidney transplant. Kidney allograft recipients with @entity4 and elevated intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentration were eligible if they had received a transplant >= 6 months before the study and had an @entity1 >30 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). The primary end point was the proportion of @entity0 with normocalcemia at 12 months. Secondary end points were serum iPTH concentration, serum @entity8 concentration, bone mineral density, @entity3 , renal function, @entity0 and graft survival, and economic cost. In total, 30 @entity0 were randomized to receive @entity7 (n=15) or @entity2 (n=15). At 12 months, ten of 15 @entity0 in the @entity7 group and 15 of 15 @entity0 in the parathyroidectomy group (P=0.04) achieved normocalcemia. Normalization of serum @entity8 concentration occurred in almost all @entity0 . @entity2 induced greater reduction of iPTH and associated with a significant increase in femoral neck bone mineral density; @entity3 remained unchanged in both groups. The most frequent adverse events were digestive intolerance in the @entity7 group and @entity6 in the parathyroidectomy group. Surgery would be more cost effective than @entity7 if @entity7 duration reached 14 months. All @entity0 were alive with a functioning graft at the end of follow-up. In conclusion, @entity2 was superior to @entity7 in controlling @entity4 in these @entity0 with kidney transplants and persistent @entity5 .

title: A Randomized Study Comparing Parathyroidectomy with XXXX for Treating @entity4 in Kidney Allograft Recipients with @entity5 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Diagnosis of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) lacks a "gold standard" test and is therefore based on combinations of tests including nasal @entity1 (nNO), high-speed video microscopy analysis (HSVMA), genotyping and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). There are few published data on the accuracy of this approach.Using prospectively collected data from 654 consecutive @entity0 referred for @entity2 diagnostics we calculated sensitivity and specificity for individual and combination testing strategies. Not all @entity0 underwent all tests.HSVMA had excellent sensitivity and specificity (100% and 93%, respectively). @entity4 was 100% specific, but 21% of @entity2 @entity0 had normal ultrastructure. nNO (30   nL  @entity3 ) cut-off) had good sensitivity and specificity (91% and 96%, respectively). Simultaneous testing using HSVMA and @entity4 was 100% sensitive and 92% specific.In conclusion, combination testing was found to be a highly accurate approach for diagnosing @entity2 . HSVMA alone has excellent accuracy, but requires significant expertise, and repeated sampling or cell culture is often needed. @entity4 alone is specific but misses 21% of cases. nNO ( <=30   nL  @entity3 )) contributes well to the diagnostic process. In isolation nNO screening at this cut-off would miss    10% of cases, but in combination with HSVMA could reduce unnecessary further testing. Standardisation of testing between centres is a future priority.

title: Accuracy of diagnostic testing in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Experimental methods involving painful electrical stimulation of a peripheral nerve showed the existence of a minimum stimulation frequency capable of inducing cramp, termed "threshold frequency" ( @entity2 ). Our aim was to test an alternative method to induce @entity3 and cramps electrically. Two daily sessions of electrical stimulation of the abductor hallucis muscle were performed in 19 volunteers on 3 days: stimulation trains of 150 monophasic square pulses (duration 152 micros) of increasing frequency (current intensity 30% higher than maximal; frequency of the first trial, 4 pps; recovery between trials, 1 min) were delivered to the main muscle motor point until a cramp developed. Once a cramp was induced the protocol was repeated after 30 min. To verify by electromyography that cramp occurred, a surface electrode array was placed between the motor point and the distal tendon. Ambient and skin temperature were kept constant in all sessions. @entity3 and cramps were elicited in all subjects. We observed the following median (interquartile range) values of @entity2 : day 1 (session 1), 13 (6) pps; day 1 (session 2), 16 (4) pps; day 2 (session 1), 16 (6) pps; day 2 (session 2), 18 (6) pps; day 3 (session 1), 17 (4) pps; day 3 (session 2), 18 (8) pps. @entity2 intersession intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.82, 0.92, and 0.90 for days 1, 2, and 3, respectively. @entity2 interday intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.85. The absence of @entity1 due to the stimulation and the demonstration of @entity2 reliability support the use of our method for the study of @entity0 .

title: Reliability of a novel neurostimulation method to study XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The literature on the two main models of @entity3 ( @entity2 -based positive reinforcement and stress-based negative reinforcement models) have made many important contributions to understanding this @entity1 . However, rarely has there been a comprehensive critique of the limitations of both models. This article seeks to resolve theoretical issues inherent to each model, as well as propose a more @entity0 which reconciles important elements of both. We suggest that there is not only direct interaction of dopaminergic and stress systems throughout the @entity3 cycle, from initial use, via the abusing stage, to the endpoint of @entity3 , but that this interaction is present prior to initial use. A combination of genetic factors and/or experiences of adversity may result in a stress-triggered sensitisation of dopaminergic networks which is present before the onset of substance use, which cannot be explained solely in terms of dopaminergic (positive) reinforcement. Rather these processes are best explained by an allostatic model which reconciles aspects of both models of @entity3 and shows how @entity2 /stress interactions become increasingly pathological in the @entity3 cycle. Our model suggests that chronic stress eventually creates baseline hypodopaminergic activity, but also prompts dopaminergic @entity4 in cue reactivity. This is the neural marker of allostatic mechanisms observed at endpoint @entity3 . We propose a multi-circuit explanation of how this cumulative effect of stress increasingly impacts on dopaminergic networks of reward, affect, attention, memory and behavioural control. This revised model provides a useful frame of reference for further research and ultimately clinical practice.

title: Combining Stress and XXXX Based Models of Addiction.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate hemodynamic changes caused by sole intravenous infusion of lipid emulsion with doses recommended for treatment of drug-related @entity2 . METHODS: Large White @entity3 underwent general anesthesia, tracheal intubation was performed, and mechanical ventilation was instituted. Hemodynamic variables were recorded using invasive blood pressure and pulmonary artery catheterization. Baseline hemodynamic measurements were obtained after a 30-minute stabilization period. An intravenous bolus injection of 20% lipid emulsion at 1.5 ml/kg was administered. Additional hemodynamic measurements were made after 1 minute, followed by a continuous intravenous lipid infusion of 0.25 ml/kg/min. Further measurements were carried out at 10, 20 and 30 minutes, when the infusion was doubled to 0.5 ml/kg/min. Assessment of hemodynamic changes were then made at 40, 50 and 60 minutes. RESULTS: Lipid infusion did not influence cardiac output or heart rate, but caused an increase in arterial blood pressure, mainly pulmonary blood pressure due to increased vascular resistance. Ventricular systolic @entity0 work consequently increased with greater repercussions on the right ventricle. CONCLUSION: In doses used for drug-related @entity2 , lipid emulsion cause significant hemodynamic changes with @entity1 , particularly in the pulmonary circulation and increase in vascular resistance, which is a factor to consider prior to use of these solutions.

title: Hemodynamic changes with high infusion rates of lipid emulsion. Experimental study in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A @entity5 -loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (FFC-SLN) suspension was prepared by hot homogenisation and ultrasonic technique. The suspension was characterised for its release profile, stability, @entity1 , and the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity of the suspension was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the mean diameter, polydispersity index and zeta potential of the nanoparticles were 253    3 nm, 0.409    0.022 and 47.5    0.21 mV, respectively. In vitro release profile showed the FFC-SLN suspension had sustained release effect. The minimum inhibition concentration values of the FFC-SLN suspension were 6 and 3   g/mL against @entity4 and @entity3 respectively, compared with 3.5 and 2   g/mL of native @entity5 . The suspension was relatively stable at 4  C and less stable at room temperature during 9 months storage. Although the nanoparticle carriers exhibited @entity1 in cell cultures, the LD50 of the lyophilised dry power of the suspension was higher than 5 g/kg body weight. Mortality protection against @entity3 lethal @entity2 in @entity0 showed that the nanoparticle suspension had much better efficacy (6/10) than native drug (1/10). These results indicate that FFC-SLN suspension could be a promising formulation in veterinary medicine.

title: Preparation, characterisation and antibacterial activity of a XXXX -loaded solid lipid nanoparticle suspension.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity4 is a frequent complication after orthotopic cardiac transplant. We aimed to describe the risk factors for @entity4 after cardiac transplant according to @entity1 : Improving Global Outcomes criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied a population-based cohort of cardiac transplant recipients (aged > 12 y) at Ba  kent University between February 2003 and January 2015. Of 94 @entity0 , 64 were evaluated and included in the study. The main outcome was @entity4 , defined and classified according to @entity1 : Improving Global Outcomes criteria, during 7 postoperative days. Other outcomes included risk factors, use of renal replacement therapy, @entity3 , mortality, and kidney recovery. RESULTS: Mean age at transplant was 34.14    16.30 years, and 45 @entity0 (70.32%) were @entity0 . @entity4 developed in 34 (53.12%) of 64 cardiac transplant recipients, with severity classified as stage 1 in 10 (15.62%), stage 2 in 14 (21.87%), and stage 3 in 10 (15.62%). Renal replacement therapy was given to 25 @entity0 (39.06%). @entity0 with @entity4 were significantly older (40.41    15.85 y vs 27.03    13.91 y; P = .001), had larger body surface area (1.78    0.28 m2 vs 1.61    0.31 m2; P = .033), and more frequently had a history of @entity2 (P = .011) and smoking (P = .007) than did @entity0 without @entity4 . They also had lower intraoperative urine output (453.380    266.85 mL) than did @entity0 who did not develop @entity4 (632.33    430.94 mL (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: According to the @entity1 : Improving Global Outcomes criteria, @entity4 occurs in more than 50% of heart transplant @entity0 postoperatively. Older age, larger body surface area, and history of @entity2 and smoking are associated with acute @entity1 following orthotopic heart transplant.

title: Incidence and Outcomes of XXXX After Orthotopic Cardiac Transplant: A Population-Based Cohort.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity1 /Fas interaction plays an important role in the regulation of immune responses. Allografted cells undergo Fas-mediated apoptosis induced by CD8+ T cells. Our objective was to prevent @entity0 keratinocytes from immunologically induced apoptosis. We focused on three proteins with inhibitory function on Fas-mediated apoptosis. @entity0 keratinocytes were transfected with either @entity2 , @entity4 , or Lifeguard (LFG). The treatment proved to be practicable and efficient. The recombinant keratinocytes with expression of our target proteins were cocultured with CD8+ T cells and the apoptotic activity was then evaluated. Activation of @entity3 was detectable in control but not in the recombinant cells. Quantitative analysis revealed significant induction of T-cell-induced apoptosis in nontransfected keratinocytes (p = 0.04, n = 12) but not in @entity2 (p = 0.66), @entity4 (p = 0.42), or LFG (p = 0.44) expressing cells. Our results suggest that heterotopic expression of antiapoptotic proteins can induce the resistance of keratinocytes to a major mechanism of rejection.

title: Inhibition of apoptosis by expression of antiapoptotic proteins in recombinant XXXX keratinocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is increasing rapidly worldwide, predominantly in younger individuals. We developed a checklist of all symptoms of @entity3 reported in the literature and compared the completeness of the recording of symptoms at initial presentation before and after the checklist was adopted. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of @entity0 newly diagnosed with @entity3 from January 1, 1979 through September 30, 2006 to assess the presenting features and test the usefulness of a symptom checklist in evaluating the history on presentation. The checklist was incorporated into the records as of October 1, 1994. RESULTS: Of the 304 @entity0 identified, 130 (43%) had checklists in the charts. There were 146 (48%) @entity0 , 98 (32%) who were diagnosed under the age of 6 years, and 198 (65%) presented with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Records with a checklist noted @entity1 symptoms that were subtle and easily ignored more often than records without the checklist. As compared with those diagnosed at an older age, @entity0 diagnosed at < or = 6 years were more likely to be male, have @entity1 and a shorter symptom duration, and report more episodes of preceding @entity4 and @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity1 also had a shorter symptom duration. CONCLUSIONS: A @entity1 symptom checklist was helpful in identifying clinical @entity1 symptoms and signs which were otherwise easily ignored. Younger @entity0 were more likely to have a shorter symptom duration and a higher incidence of @entity1 .

title: Clinical and laboratory characteristics of XXXX in @entity0 and adolescents: experience from a medical center.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is increasing rapidly worldwide, predominantly in younger individuals. We developed a checklist of all symptoms of @entity3 reported in the literature and compared the completeness of the recording of symptoms at initial presentation before and after the checklist was adopted. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of @entity0 newly diagnosed with @entity3 from January 1, 1979 through September 30, 2006 to assess the presenting features and test the usefulness of a symptom checklist in evaluating the history on presentation. The checklist was incorporated into the records as of October 1, 1994. RESULTS: Of the 304 @entity0 identified, 130 (43%) had checklists in the charts. There were 146 (48%) @entity0 , 98 (32%) who were diagnosed under the age of 6 years, and 198 (65%) presented with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Records with a checklist noted @entity1 symptoms that were subtle and easily ignored more often than records without the checklist. As compared with those diagnosed at an older age, @entity0 diagnosed at < or = 6 years were more likely to be male, have @entity1 and a shorter symptom duration, and report more episodes of preceding @entity4 and @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity1 also had a shorter symptom duration. CONCLUSIONS: A @entity1 symptom checklist was helpful in identifying clinical @entity1 symptoms and signs which were otherwise easily ignored. Younger @entity0 were more likely to have a shorter symptom duration and a higher incidence of @entity1 .

title: Clinical and laboratory characteristics of @entity3 in XXXX and adolescents: experience from a medical center.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In this study, the antiulcerogenic effect of essential oil from Baccharis dracunculifolia was evaluated using the model of @entity4 induced by @entity3 . The @entity2 index (ULI) was significantly reduced by oral administration of the essential oil of B. dracunculifolia at doses of 50, 250 and 500 mg/kg which reduced the lesions by 42.79, 45.70 and 61.61%, respectively. The analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oil from B. dracunculifolia by GC showed that this was composed mainly of mono- and @entity1 and the majority compound was @entity8 . Therefore, antiulcerogenic activity of @entity8 (50, 250 and 500 mg/kg) was investigated using @entity3 -, @entity6 - and stress-induced @entity2 models in @entity0 . In the stress-induced @entity2 model, a significant reduction of the ULI in animals treated with @entity8 (50, 250 and 500 mg/kg) and @entity7 (100 mg/kg) was observed, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The percentage of inhibition of @entity2 was 41.22, 51.31, 56.57 and 53.50% in groups treated with 50, 250, 500 mg/kg of @entity8 and 100 mg/kg of @entity7 (positive control), respectively. Regarding @entity3 - and @entity6 -induced @entity2 models, it was observed that the treatment with @entity8 (250 and 500 mg/ kg) significantly reduced the ULI in comparison with the control group (p < 0.05). The dose of 50 mg/kg reduced the parameters analyzed but this was not statistically significant. In the @entity3 -induced model percentage of inhibition of @entity2 was 34.20, 52.63, 87.63 and 50.87% in groups treated with 50, 250, 500 mg/kg of @entity8 and 30 mg/kg of @entity9 (positive control), respectively. In @entity6 - @entity2 the percentage of inhibition of @entity2 was 34.69, 40.80, 51.02 and 46.93% in groups treated with 50, 250, 500 mg/kg of @entity8 and 100 mg/ kg of @entity7 (positive control), respectively. The results of this study show that @entity8 displays antiulcer activity, as it significantly inhibited the formation of @entity2 induced in different animal models. However, further pharmacological and toxicological investigations, to delineate the mechanism(s) of action and the toxic effects, are required to allow the use of @entity8 for the treatment of @entity5 .

title: XXXX , an antiulcer constituent from the essential oil of Baccharis dracunculifolia DC (Asteraceae).

answer: @entity8


abstract: A new method for arriving at individualized doses of @entity1 ( @entity2 ) is described. This method, designated the @entity0 method, operates on two measurements of unbound plasma @entity2 . One plasma sample is collected 48 h after a single, oral @entity2 dose (approximately 4.5 mg/kg). From the single dose, single sample measurements of plasma unbound @entity2 individual estimates of intrinsic unbound @entity2 clearance (CLuint) can be made. With the use of CLuint and weight-adjusted mean population values of Vmax predicted plasma concentrations of unbound @entity2 for 11 subjects exhibited a mean prediction error (mpe) of 0.07 mg/L with 95% confidence limits of -0.11 to 0.26 mg/L and an error coefficient of variation [root mean squared error (rmse)/mean unbound concentration at steady state (Cuss)] of 0.4. The second plasma unbound @entity2 is collected at steady state. From CLuint and one Cuss measurement, Vmax and Km can be directly calculated. Doses calculated by the @entity0 method to produce plasma unbound @entity2 concentrations of approximately 1.0 mg/L were identical to those calculated by the Bayesian method to yield plasma total @entity2 concentrations of approximately 10 mg/L. When those doses were administered to six subjects, the plasma unbound @entity2 concentrations predicted by the @entity0 method exhibited a mpe of -0.13 mg/L, with 95% confidence limits ranging from -0.33 to 0.06 mg/L and an error coefficient of variation of 0.2. The plasma @entity2 concentrations predicted by the Bayesian method exhibited an mpe of -1.30 mg/L, with 95% confidence limits of -4.02 to 1.42 mg/L and an error coefficient of variation of 0.3. Values of Vmax and doses of @entity2 calculated to produce a Cuss of 1.0 mg/L calculated by the @entity0 method were nearly identical to Vmax values and doses of @entity2 calculated by Bayesian double feedback (based on two different Css values) to produce a Css of 10.0 mg/L.

title: A new approach to establishing individualized maintenance doses of XXXX .

answer: @entity1