abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNA-145 ( @entity4 ) has been reported to be a @entity1 -suppressing agent in several studies. It can repress pluripotency and control @entity0 embryonic stem cell differentiation by regulating the core pluripotency factor @entity5 . However, it is not known whether @entity4 can play a role in inducing @entity1 cell differentiation and repressing growth of @entity1 . METHODS: Ishikawa cells, the established @entity0 @entity3 cells, were treated with @entity4 mimics, inhibitor, or small interfering RNA @entity5 . @entity4 levels were assayed using TaqMan microRNA assays, and the messenger RNA levels of @entity5 and the differentiation marker glycodelin were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of @entity5 and glycodelin were characterized via flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. In vivo activity was measured in a xenograft @entity2 model. RESULTS: Up-regulating @entity4 reduced the expression of @entity5 and induced the differentiation of Ishikawa cells to closely resemble normal endometrial epithelium both in vitro and in vivo. @entity4 successfully inhibited @entity1 growth. We also found that in @entity0 with @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 were expressed in tissues, and there was a relationship between @entity4 , @entity5 , and the degree of @entity1 cell differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results strongly suggested that @entity4 is a @entity1 cell differentiation-inducing agent in @entity3 , and that @entity4 or @entity5 may be useful markers for grading @entity3 .

title: Up-regulation of microRNA-145 promotes differentiation by repressing @entity5 in @entity0 XXXX cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNA-145 ( @entity4 ) has been reported to be a @entity1 -suppressing agent in several studies. It can repress pluripotency and control @entity0 embryonic stem cell differentiation by regulating the core pluripotency factor @entity5 . However, it is not known whether @entity4 can play a role in inducing @entity1 cell differentiation and repressing growth of @entity1 . METHODS: Ishikawa cells, the established @entity0 @entity3 cells, were treated with @entity4 mimics, inhibitor, or small interfering RNA @entity5 . @entity4 levels were assayed using TaqMan microRNA assays, and the messenger RNA levels of @entity5 and the differentiation marker glycodelin were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein levels of @entity5 and glycodelin were characterized via flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. In vivo activity was measured in a xenograft @entity2 model. RESULTS: Up-regulating @entity4 reduced the expression of @entity5 and induced the differentiation of Ishikawa cells to closely resemble normal endometrial epithelium both in vitro and in vivo. @entity4 successfully inhibited @entity1 growth. We also found that in @entity0 with @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 were expressed in tissues, and there was a relationship between @entity4 , @entity5 , and the degree of @entity1 cell differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results strongly suggested that @entity4 is a @entity1 cell differentiation-inducing agent in @entity3 , and that @entity4 or @entity5 may be useful markers for grading @entity3 .

title: Up-regulation of microRNA-145 promotes differentiation by repressing @entity5 in XXXX @entity3 cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of additional chemotherapy in preventing @entity1 recurrence of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has not been fully established. The authors compared the efficacy of 2 @entity4 -based chemotherapeutic agents in combination with radical local treatment for preventing intrahepatic distant recurrence (IDR). METHODS: Seventy-eight @entity0 with stage I/II @entity2 aged 45 to 85 years underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and/or radiofrequency ablation after they received hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of @entity4 compounds. The HAI consisted of @entity6 ( @entity5 ) in 25 @entity0 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in 53 @entity0 . Multivariate analysis was used to identify independent factors that were associated with IDR. RESULTS: Cumulative IDR rates at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years were 21.7%, 52.2% and 75.7%, respectively, in the @entity5 group and 8.1%, 22.7%, and 36.9%, respectively, in the @entity3 group. The @entity3 group had a significantly lower IDR rate compared with the @entity5 group. The selection of a @entity4 agent was 1 of the independent factors for IDR in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. CONCLUSIONS: HAI chemotherapy with @entity3 before radical local treatment was effective in @entity0 with @entity2 . The authors concluded that radical local treatment with concurrent HAI using @entity3 may contribute to a longer progression-free period, which could be predicted with intrahepatic imaging in @entity0 with stage I/II @entity2 .

title: Prevention of intrahepatic distant recurrence by transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy with @entity4 agents for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of additional chemotherapy in preventing @entity1 recurrence of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has not been fully established. The authors compared the efficacy of 2 @entity4 -based chemotherapeutic agents in combination with radical local treatment for preventing intrahepatic distant recurrence (IDR). METHODS: Seventy-eight @entity0 with stage I/II @entity2 aged 45 to 85 years underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and/or radiofrequency ablation after they received hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of @entity4 compounds. The HAI consisted of @entity6 ( @entity5 ) in 25 @entity0 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in 53 @entity0 . Multivariate analysis was used to identify independent factors that were associated with IDR. RESULTS: Cumulative IDR rates at 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years were 21.7%, 52.2% and 75.7%, respectively, in the @entity5 group and 8.1%, 22.7%, and 36.9%, respectively, in the @entity3 group. The @entity3 group had a significantly lower IDR rate compared with the @entity5 group. The selection of a @entity4 agent was 1 of the independent factors for IDR in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. CONCLUSIONS: HAI chemotherapy with @entity3 before radical local treatment was effective in @entity0 with @entity2 . The authors concluded that radical local treatment with concurrent HAI using @entity3 may contribute to a longer progression-free period, which could be predicted with intrahepatic imaging in @entity0 with stage I/II @entity2 .

title: Prevention of intrahepatic distant recurrence by transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy with XXXX agents for @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In this paper the authors have analyzed the management and the outcome of 81 cases of @entity1 which occurred during the period January 1972 - April 1985. 53 @entity0 presented very severe @entity1 (grade 4 according to Hendren), 28 mild valve type. All the @entity0 of the first group but two had a dilatation of the U.U.T. Vesico-renal reflux, usually severe, was present in 51 ureters; in another 50 ureters a dilatation without reflux was present. 47% of the @entity0 of the first group had a renal function within the limits of normality at the moment of presentation and the remaining 53% a reduced renal function. In 9 @entity0 (8 under 50 days of age) a cutaneous vesicostomy according to Blocksom followed, at the age of 10-18 months, by transurethral valve destruction was done. In 6 @entity0 , in the early part of the series, the valve was removed with a hook via the perineal approach. In 38 @entity0 we performed a transurethral valve destruction with the n. 3 Bugbee electrode. 36 out of 53 @entity0 (68%) had exclusively a removal of the @entity1 . After the removal of the obstruction, 32 out of 37 non refluxing dilated ureters (86.5%) showed a clear improvement. In 7 out of 29 refluxing ureters a nephrectomy was carried out. In the remaining 22 ureters the reflux vanished in 17 and improved in the other 5. 17 @entity0 had other types of operations after valvular removal. 23 ureters in 13 @entity0 were reimplanted, with 3 failures (13%). In the 53 @entity0 with very severe valve (grade 4) supravesical diversions were not carried out. In the follow-up of 51 @entity0 (from 6 month to about 14 years) the renal function was within the limits of normality in 74% (before the operation it was 47%). The best results were obtained in @entity0 diagnosed and treated in the first months of life. Cutaneous vesicostomy showed itself to be a very useful method of treatment in very young babies with severe complications. We observed a slight terminal urethral stricture, easily dilatable, in only 1 @entity0 . All the @entity0 over the age of 12-13 years were continent. In 28 @entity0 with mild valves, as well as transurethral valve destruction, an ureteric reimplantation was carried out with success in 5 @entity0 (8 ureters) and a vesical diverticulectomy in another 2.

title: [Posterior XXXX . Type of treatment and short- and long-term evaluation of renal function].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Virtually all @entity0 who present with @entity1 and amyloid of the colon have evidence of @entity3 and require therapy. The small subset of @entity0 with @entity5 localized to the colon must be recognized and treatment avoided. We queried our file for @entity0 who had @entity5 of the colon but no evidence of @entity3 during long-term follow-up. We identified 3 @entity0 who presented with @entity1 and who, on investigation, had @entity7 but no evidence of @entity3 during a follow-up of 4.5 to 20 years. These @entity0 had no evidence of a @entity2 and received no chemotherapy to prevent deposition of amyloid. It is important to recognize this rare subset and avoid treatment with alkylating agents or high-dose therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. Alkylating agent therapy may be associated with @entity4 or @entity6 . In addition, the cost, inconvenience, and morbidity of therapy are avoided by observation. @entity0 who present with @entity1 and a subsequent diagnosis of @entity5 of the colon likely will be subjected to chemotherapy or transplantation. Such @entity0 must be recognized and treatment avoided if there is no evidence of @entity3 because they remain stable for many years.

title: Localized XXXX : an unrecognized entity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was performed to examine whether applying @entity5 paste as a lubricant to endotracheal tubes (ETTs) reduces the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat (POST) more effectively than applying @entity6 jelly. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled clinical trial. @entity0 enrolled in the study were ages 20 to 70 yr, American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status I and II, and scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The @entity0 were divided randomly into two groups, the @entity2 group and the @entity4 group. Prior to endotracheal intubation, ETTs in the @entity2 group were lubricated with 0.1% @entity6 jelly, whereas the ETTs in the @entity4 group were lubricated with 0.1% @entity5 paste 0.5 mg. During the 24 hr after the operation, we recorded the incidence and severity of POST and the incidence of cough, hoarseness, @entity3 , @entity1 , and dry throat. RESULTS: Of the 150 @entity0 initially enrolled, 143 @entity0 were included in the study. The incidence of POST was significantly lower in the @entity4 group compared with the @entity2 group (difference = 52.4%; 95% confidence interval, 36.8% to 64.2%; P < 0.001). The severity score for the @entity4 group was significantly lower than that for the @entity2 group. The frequencies of coughing, hoarseness, @entity3 , @entity1 , and dry throat were similar in the two groups for the first 24 hr after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 paste applied along the length of the ETT resulted in clinically important and statistically significant decreases in the incidence and severity of POST compared with the application of @entity2 jelly. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00908817).

title: Application of XXXX paste to the endotracheal tube reduces postoperative sore throat: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of @entity1 (Hp) eradication therapy on blood gastrin levels in long-term PPI users, since proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and @entity1 (Hp) are major causes of hypergastrinaemia. DESIGN: A prospective study. SUBJECTS: Twenty seven Hp (+) @entity0 enrolled in the study. Twenty were given eradication treatment (ET group), and the rest were given symptomatic treatment (ST group). Those who remained Hp (+) after eradication therapy were also added into the ST group. @entity2 30 mg/day was given to both groups for three months thereafter. RESULTS: Fasting and non-fasting blood gastrin levels (FGL and NFGL) were measured initially and one month and four months after treatment. At the end of fourth month, FGL was significantly higher than both initial and first month level (p < 0.01) in the ST group. NFGL in this group did not change significantly (p > 0.05) after eradication therapy. In the ET group, FGL was significantly higher in the fourth month than the first month (p < 0.001) and than the initial level (p < 0.05). NFGL was higher, but not statistically in the fourth month than in the first month (p > 0.05) and significantly lower than the initial level (p < 0.05) in this group. CONCLUSION: We suggest that testing for Hp positivity and treating it if detected would be an appropriate approach to avoid hypergastrinaemia, especially in candidate @entity0 for long term PPI treatment.

title: Does eradication of XXXX reduce hypergastrinaemia during long term therapy with proton pump inhibitors?

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity8 is the most common @entity6 in western countries. Although every effort has been made to clarify the pathogenic mechanism of @entity8 , thereby devising its ideal therapeutic drugs, neither convinced hypotheses nor unequivocally effective drugs have been established. In view of the pathologic basis for the treatment of @entity8 , it is important to enhance nerve regeneration as well as prevent @entity5 . Nerve regeneration or sprouting in @entity1 may occur not only in the nerve trunk but also in the dermis and around dorsal root ganglion neurons, thereby being implicated in the generation of @entity4 sensation. Thus, inadequate nerve regeneration unequivocally contributes to the pathophysiologic mechanism of @entity8 . In this context, the research on nerve regeneration in @entity1 should be more accelerated. Indeed, nerve regenerative capacity has been shown to be decreased in @entity1 @entity0 as well as in @entity1 animals. Disturbed nerve regeneration in @entity1 has been ascribed at least in part to all or some of decreased levels of neurotrophic factors, decreased expression of their receptors, altered cellular signal pathways and/or abnormal expression of cell adhesion molecules, although the mechanisms of their changes remain almost unclear. In addition to their steady-state changes in @entity1 , @entity2 induces @entity3 in individual neurotrophic factors, their receptors and their intracellular signal pathways, which are closely linked with altered neuronal function, varying from neuronal survival and neurite extension/nerve regeneration to apoptosis. Although it is essential to clarify those changes for understanding the mechanism of disturbed nerve regeneration in @entity1 , very few data are now available. Rationally accepted replacement therapy with neurotrophic factors has not provided any success in treating @entity8 . Aside from adverse effects of those factors, more rigorous consideration for their delivery system may be needed for any possible success. Although conventional therapeutic drugs like @entity7 reductase (AR) inhibitors and vasodilators have been shown to enhance nerve regeneration, their efficacy should be strictly evaluated with respect to nerve regenerative capacity. For this purpose, especially clinically, skin biopsy, by which cutaneous nerve pathology including nerve regeneration can be morphometrically evaluated, might be a safe and useful examination.

title: XXXX and nerve regeneration.

answer: @entity8


abstract: This study tested whether performance would be more impaired when @entity1 use followed partial @entity3 (PSD) than when @entity1 use followed a typical night of sleep. Seven recreational @entity1 users (mean 15 of last 30 days) completed six test sessions in a double-blind randomized within-subject design. Each session began with an overnight stay in a sleep laboratory. Bed and wake times were calculated from mean data on individual sleep diaries. Time-in-bed was either regular (mean=8.2 h) or shortened (first 65% of regular time-in-bed deprived). At 3 and 5 h after waking, daytime @entity0 was measured with self-report questionnaires and a sleep latency test. Approximately 6.5 h after waking, subjects smoked a @entity1 cigarette (0.003, 2, or 3.5% delta-9 @entity2 [ @entity2 ]). Test batteries were completed 2, 62, and 122 min after smoking ended. Sleepiness was significantly greater following PSD than after regular sleep. Following regular sleep, heart rate increases with active @entity2 doses were comparable, but heart rate with 2% @entity2 was significantly less elevated following PSD. Ratings of "impaired" and "stoned" increased with both @entity2 doses after regular sleep and were further increased with 3.5% @entity2 after PSD. High-potency @entity1 increased body sway similarly across sleep conditions. There were no significant effects of @entity1 or PSD, alone or in combination, on brake latency. Thus, while PSD increased the dose-dependence of @entity2 effects on heart rate and subjective impairment, it did not enhance the effects of @entity1 on standing balance and brake latency.

title: Behavioral and subjective effects of @entity1 following partial XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study tested whether performance would be more impaired when @entity1 use followed partial @entity3 (PSD) than when @entity1 use followed a typical night of sleep. Seven recreational @entity1 users (mean 15 of last 30 days) completed six test sessions in a double-blind randomized within-subject design. Each session began with an overnight stay in a sleep laboratory. Bed and wake times were calculated from mean data on individual sleep diaries. Time-in-bed was either regular (mean=8.2 h) or shortened (first 65% of regular time-in-bed deprived). At 3 and 5 h after waking, daytime @entity0 was measured with self-report questionnaires and a sleep latency test. Approximately 6.5 h after waking, subjects smoked a @entity1 cigarette (0.003, 2, or 3.5% delta-9 @entity2 [ @entity2 ]). Test batteries were completed 2, 62, and 122 min after smoking ended. Sleepiness was significantly greater following PSD than after regular sleep. Following regular sleep, heart rate increases with active @entity2 doses were comparable, but heart rate with 2% @entity2 was significantly less elevated following PSD. Ratings of "impaired" and "stoned" increased with both @entity2 doses after regular sleep and were further increased with 3.5% @entity2 after PSD. High-potency @entity1 increased body sway similarly across sleep conditions. There were no significant effects of @entity1 or PSD, alone or in combination, on brake latency. Thus, while PSD increased the dose-dependence of @entity2 effects on heart rate and subjective impairment, it did not enhance the effects of @entity1 on standing balance and brake latency.

title: Behavioral and subjective effects of XXXX following partial @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity2 is a common problem, accounting for 3% of visits to pediatric clinics and 30% of visits to pediatric gastroenterologists. Estimates of the prevalence of childhood @entity2 vary from 0.3% to 28% with younger @entity0 being affected most often. We were unable to find any studies that specifically examine the causes of @entity2 in young @entity0 . Our objective of the study was to determine precipitants to @entity2 during early childhood. METHODS: Findings from 125 families visiting their primary care physician for the first time with a @entity0 aged between 2 and 7 years with the complaint of @entity2 were compared with findings from 95 @entity0 between 2 and 7 years without any history of @entity2 . Parents answered questions concerning family history, toilet training, and bowel habits. Parents of constipated @entity0 were asked to describe events that occurred during the 3 months before the onset of @entity2 and whether these events contributed to the @entity0 's @entity2 . RESULTS: The age and sex of @entity0 who did and did not suffer from @entity2 were comparable (P > .3). When compared with control @entity0 , constipated @entity0 were no more likely to have a parent (30% vs 40%, P = .14) or sibling (17% vs 14%, P = .54) with a history of @entity2 . Constipated @entity0 did not begin toilet training earlier than did control @entity0 (28 +/- 7 vs 27 +/- 6 months, P = .30). When compared with parents of control @entity0 , parents of constipated @entity0 reported more difficulties with toilet training (P < .001). Parents of constipated @entity0 indicated their @entity0 had more difficult and more @entity1 experiences than did parents of control @entity0 (P < .001), and constipated @entity0 were more likely to express worry about future @entity1 than were control @entity0 (P < .001). Parents of constipated @entity0 described a number of events that occurred before the onset of @entity2 ; however, they did not consider many of the events important contributors to the @entity2 . @entity1 was the event most often reported as causing the @entity2 . CONCLUSION: @entity1 is the primary precipitant of @entity2 during early childhood. Parents should be counseled to be attentive to such experiences and taught to intervene quickly to lessen the risk that their @entity0 will develop persistent @entity2 or fecal soiling.

title: Precipitants of XXXX during early childhood.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to analyse retrospectively the data of a series of @entity0 presenting to our unit with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of the ovary to identify the prognostic factors and relate them to survival. The role of @entity2 -based chemotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of this @entity1 was also evaluated. METHODS: All @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 of the ovary from 1987 to 2000 were identified from the gynaecological @entity1 registry of King George V Hospital, Australia. The effect of clinical and histopathological variables on survival was analysed. The response of @entity2 -based adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery was also evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty @entity0 with @entity1 of the ovary were identified. Of the six @entity0 with measurable disease, two (33%) had complete response after adjuvant @entity2 -based chemotherapy. The median survival of all @entity0 was 8 months, while that of the @entity0 receiving adjuvant @entity2 -based chemotherapy was 23 months. @entity0 who were older (> 65 years) had a significantly worse survival rate than those who were younger (P = 0.02). The @entity0 with optimal debulking had a better median survival than those with suboptimal debulking, but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.21). Sarcomatous component (homologous vs heterologous) was not found to be a significant prognostic factor for predicting survival. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 of the ovary is a rare and aggressive gynaecological @entity1 . The current study indicates that @entity0 age was a significant prognostic factor for survival and surgical cytoreduction combined with @entity2 -based chemotherapy is the most effective management regimen identified to date to treat @entity1 of the ovary.

title: XXXX of the ovary: prognostic factor and response of adjuvant @entity2 -based chemotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the present study was to analyse retrospectively the data of a series of @entity0 presenting to our unit with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of the ovary to identify the prognostic factors and relate them to survival. The role of @entity2 -based chemotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of this @entity1 was also evaluated. METHODS: All @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 of the ovary from 1987 to 2000 were identified from the gynaecological @entity1 registry of King George V Hospital, Australia. The effect of clinical and histopathological variables on survival was analysed. The response of @entity2 -based adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery was also evaluated. RESULTS: Twenty @entity0 with @entity1 of the ovary were identified. Of the six @entity0 with measurable disease, two (33%) had complete response after adjuvant @entity2 -based chemotherapy. The median survival of all @entity0 was 8 months, while that of the @entity0 receiving adjuvant @entity2 -based chemotherapy was 23 months. @entity0 who were older (> 65 years) had a significantly worse survival rate than those who were younger (P = 0.02). The @entity0 with optimal debulking had a better median survival than those with suboptimal debulking, but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.21). Sarcomatous component (homologous vs heterologous) was not found to be a significant prognostic factor for predicting survival. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 of the ovary is a rare and aggressive gynaecological @entity1 . The current study indicates that @entity0 age was a significant prognostic factor for survival and surgical cytoreduction combined with @entity2 -based chemotherapy is the most effective management regimen identified to date to treat @entity1 of the ovary.

title: @entity1 of the ovary: prognostic factor and response of adjuvant XXXX -based chemotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) is a rare disease of unknown aetiology, which is characterised by diffuse growth of @entity1 . Between 1995 and 2000 we treated 11 @entity0 with @entity3 in the head and neck. The group comprised 10 @entity0 and one @entity0 aged 34 to 62 years (mean 47). The most common complaints were reduced range of movement of the head and obstruction when eating or speaking. Combined lipectomy and liposuction were done for all @entity0 , with liposuction being done at a second session. The mean follow-up period was 2.7 years. The functional results were satisfactory in all @entity0 . Nine of the 11 @entity0 were also satisfied with the aesthetic outcome. Two @entity0 developed recurrence 1.5 and 2 years after the operation, respectively. There were no serious complications. We think that combined lipectomy and liposuction is a successful procedure for treating @entity3 in the head and neck region. Nevertheless, the advantages and drawbacks of the two techniques should be considered preoperatively.

title: Combined surgical lipectomy and liposuction in the treatment of XXXX of the head and neck.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The peroxisomal @entity3 metabolism of @entity4 depends on a group of genes that are coordinately regulated. @entity3 oxidase (Mox) plays a key role in this pathway and its synthesis has been shown to be regulated at the transcriptional level. MOX expression is strongly repressed on @entity0 and activated on @entity2 or @entity3 . In this study we have identified two MOX transcripts that are differentially expressed along MOX derepression. The first one, named @entity5 (for longer MOX), starts at position -425, is only weakly and transiently transcribed and is not translated into the Mox protein. The other is the true MOX mRNA, which initiates around position -25. Using a strain bearing multiple copies of MOX( @entity6 ) and a reporter gene fused to the MOX promoter, regulation of the two transcripts was investigated. Initiation of the true MOX correlates with repression of @entity5 and conditions that are repressive for MOX transcription, such as the inhibition of mitochondrial activity, lead to higher levels of @entity5 expression. This effect was first observed in a mox mutant (Q1N-M8) unable to grow on nonfermentable @entity1 sources. No function was detected for @entity5 , but its regulation follows a pattern similar to that of catalase, which is essential for @entity3 metabolism. This suggests that, @entity5 , although precisely regulated, seems to be a remnant of the evolution of the @entity3 metabolism network.

title: The XXXX MOX gene presents two alternative transcription start points differentially utilized and sensitive to respiratory activity.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Burning incense to worship Gods and ancestors is a traditional practice prevalent in Asian societies. This work investigated indoor PM10 concentrations resulting from incense burning in household environments under two conditions: closed and ventilated. The exposure concentrations of particle-bound @entity0 ( @entity1 ) were estimated. The factors of potential exposure were also evaluated. Under both conditions, samples were taken at three locations: 0.3, 3.5 and 7 m away from the altar during three periods: incense burning, the first 3 h, and the 4-6 h after cessation of combustion. @entity1 concentrations of incense smoke were assessed in the laboratory. Personal environment monitors were used as sampling instruments. The results showed a significant contribution of incense burning to indoor PM10 and particulate @entity1 concentrations. PM10 concentrations near the altar during incense burning were 723 and 178 microg/m3, more than nine and 1.6 times background levels, under closed and ventilated conditions, respectively. Exposure concentrations of particle-bound @entity1 were 0.088-0.45 microg/m3 during incense burning. On average, PM10 and associated @entity1 concentrations were about 371 and 0.23 microg/m3 lower, respectively, in ventilated environments compared with closed conditions. Concentrations were elevated for at least 6 h under closed conditions.

title: Contribution of incense burning to indoor PM10 and particle-bound XXXX under two ventilation conditions.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 of the adrenal gland is rare with a reported incidence of between 2% to 4%. Improved imaging techniques have helped in the diagnosis of these lesions. CASE PRESENTATION: We report an incidentally detected @entity3 in a 43-year-old Asian @entity0 with a six year history of @entity2 . He had a @entity5 one year earlier, for which he was taking an antiplatelet agent in addition to antihypertensive medication.The @entity1 was detected by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and was a large, well-defined, altered signal intensity lesion 12 cm in size in the right suprarenal region. The @entity1 was resected laparoscopically and sent for histopathologic evaluation. It measured 15 cm   11.5 cm   6.5 cm on gross examination, weighed 810 g and had a homogenous yellow cut surface. The postoperative course was smooth. Microscopy revealed mature adipose tissue with @entity4 . Over the course of a four month follow-up the @entity0 recovered. CONCLUSION: @entity3 of the adrenal gland, a @entity1 , is rare compared with @entity6 . Improved radiologic modalities have led to increased reporting of these @entity1 . Laparoscopic removal of the @entity1 has helped in early recovery and in reinstating @entity0 to normal lives.

title: XXXX of the adrenal gland: a case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Deletions of chromosome 22q11 are present in over 90% of cases of @entity4 ( @entity4 / @entity4 ). 15q11-q13 duplication is another recognized syndrome due to rearrangements of several genes, belonging to the category of imprinted genes. The phenotype of this syndrome varies but has been clearly associated with @entity2 and @entity5 . Co-existence of the two syndromes has not been reported so far. RESULTS: Here we report a 6-year-old @entity0 presenting @entity3 , @entity1 and who exhibited learning difficulties. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of the proband revealed a deletion of @entity4 critical region (TUPLE). Array-CGH analysis revealed an interstitial duplication of 12 Mb in size in the area 15q11.2-q13.3, combined with a 3.2 Mb deletion at region 22q11.1-q11.21. FISH analysis in the mother showed a cryptic balanced translocation between chromosome 15 and chromosome 22 (not evident by classic karyotyping). DISCUSION: The clinical manifestations could be related to both syndromes and the importance of array-CGH analysis in cases of unexplained @entity2 is emphasized. The present case further demonstrates how molecular cytogenetic techniques applied in the parents were necessary for the genetic counseling of the family.

title: Combined 22q11.1-q11.21 deletion with 15q11.2-q13.3 duplication identified by array-CGH in a 6 years old XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To define a @entity1 experimental model that can be used in for training in the early management of @entity1 , specifically by extracorporeal depuration (ECD). DESIGN: A case-control experimental study. SETTING: Veterinary university hospital. SUBJECTS: Ten @entity0 (weight 12-15kg). INTERVENTIONS: Shock was induced using 1mg/kg @entity3 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) diluted in 20 mL saline infused in 10 minutes, with a subsequent follow-up at 6 hours. There was no intervention in 5 animals in order to define the natural course of the @entity4 and 5 underwent high volume hemofiltration (HVHF, 100mL/kg/h) to define delay in response to treatment. VARIABLES: Pressures (arterial and pulmonary), hemodynamic parameters, gastric tonometry and respiratory function were recorded. RESULTS: The LPS effect was evidenced at 2 minutes of the infusion and the 10 animals showed severe @entity4 at the end of the infusion. At 2-hours, changes between treated and non-treated animals were seen in cardiac output, systolic volume variability and mucous @entity2 . Mean arterial pressure was significantly different at four hours. All non-treated subjects died during the 6-hour follow-up and all the treated animals survived for this period. Based on these results, we developed a workshop that has been used in five courses (www.ccmijesususon.com - www.crrtcordoba.com.es/), obtaining the previous results. CONCLUSIONS: Our @entity4 model shows a predictable behavior, very short latency and a sufficiently rapid improvement in the treated animals for it to be applied in training workshops. It is useful for training in the high-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) and can be used for training in the early management of @entity1 .

title: [Development of a XXXX experimental model oriented at training. Application in the training of depuration techniques in the management of severe sepsis].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 derives from abnormal gonadal development caused by chromosome aberrations/mosaicisms or mutations/deletions in @entity6 or other genes responsible for testicular differentiation. Dysgenetic male pseudohaermaphroditism has bilateral dysgenetic testes characterized by a cortical network of anastomosing seminiferous cords that penetrate a thin albuginea. In asymmetric gonadal differentiation (or Mixed @entity3 ) a dysgenetic testis associates with a @entity3 with primitive sex cords embedded in an @entity2 . Uni- or bilateral ovotestes identify true haermaphroditism. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation studies demonstrate that the sex chromosomes of mosaic @entity0 do not distribute homogeneously in asymmetric gonads. 45,X lines predominate over 46,XY in streak gonads, while the relationship between these two is more equivalent in dysgenetic testes, suggesting that testicular or streak differentiation is related to the balance between X0 and XY lines. Testicular dys-genesis is more severe when there is a frank predominance of X0 or XX cells. Higher percentages of XY cells coincide with lesser degrees of @entity7 . DNA densitometry indicate a higher incidence of @entity1 transformation than previously anticipated. Various specimens showed clear aneuploid histograms but no clear indication of a cytological CIS phenotype. There was a wide cytological variation in aneuploid germ cells, ranging from normally looking big infantile spermatogonia to gonocyte/CIS cells. @entity4 probably precedes the full expression of the CIS phenotype. In case of doubt we recommend DNA densitometry to either confirm or discard their @entity1 nature. The earliest recognizable change in germ cell tumorigenesis is probably the polyploidisation of fetal germ cells, followed by the expression of the CIS phenotype in isolated germ cells scattered along infantile seminiferous tubules that later proliferate to give an adult type CIS pattern.

title: Early manifestations of @entity5 in @entity0 : pathological phenotypes, karyotype correlations and precursor stages of XXXX development.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 derives from abnormal gonadal development caused by chromosome aberrations/mosaicisms or mutations/deletions in @entity6 or other genes responsible for testicular differentiation. Dysgenetic male pseudohaermaphroditism has bilateral dysgenetic testes characterized by a cortical network of anastomosing seminiferous cords that penetrate a thin albuginea. In asymmetric gonadal differentiation (or Mixed @entity3 ) a dysgenetic testis associates with a @entity3 with primitive sex cords embedded in an @entity2 . Uni- or bilateral ovotestes identify true haermaphroditism. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation studies demonstrate that the sex chromosomes of mosaic @entity0 do not distribute homogeneously in asymmetric gonads. 45,X lines predominate over 46,XY in streak gonads, while the relationship between these two is more equivalent in dysgenetic testes, suggesting that testicular or streak differentiation is related to the balance between X0 and XY lines. Testicular dys-genesis is more severe when there is a frank predominance of X0 or XX cells. Higher percentages of XY cells coincide with lesser degrees of @entity7 . DNA densitometry indicate a higher incidence of @entity1 transformation than previously anticipated. Various specimens showed clear aneuploid histograms but no clear indication of a cytological CIS phenotype. There was a wide cytological variation in aneuploid germ cells, ranging from normally looking big infantile spermatogonia to gonocyte/CIS cells. @entity4 probably precedes the full expression of the CIS phenotype. In case of doubt we recommend DNA densitometry to either confirm or discard their @entity1 nature. The earliest recognizable change in germ cell tumorigenesis is probably the polyploidisation of fetal germ cells, followed by the expression of the CIS phenotype in isolated germ cells scattered along infantile seminiferous tubules that later proliferate to give an adult type CIS pattern.

title: Early manifestations of XXXX in @entity0 : pathological phenotypes, karyotype correlations and precursor stages of @entity1 development.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 derives from abnormal gonadal development caused by chromosome aberrations/mosaicisms or mutations/deletions in @entity6 or other genes responsible for testicular differentiation. Dysgenetic male pseudohaermaphroditism has bilateral dysgenetic testes characterized by a cortical network of anastomosing seminiferous cords that penetrate a thin albuginea. In asymmetric gonadal differentiation (or Mixed @entity3 ) a dysgenetic testis associates with a @entity3 with primitive sex cords embedded in an @entity2 . Uni- or bilateral ovotestes identify true haermaphroditism. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation studies demonstrate that the sex chromosomes of mosaic @entity0 do not distribute homogeneously in asymmetric gonads. 45,X lines predominate over 46,XY in streak gonads, while the relationship between these two is more equivalent in dysgenetic testes, suggesting that testicular or streak differentiation is related to the balance between X0 and XY lines. Testicular dys-genesis is more severe when there is a frank predominance of X0 or XX cells. Higher percentages of XY cells coincide with lesser degrees of @entity7 . DNA densitometry indicate a higher incidence of @entity1 transformation than previously anticipated. Various specimens showed clear aneuploid histograms but no clear indication of a cytological CIS phenotype. There was a wide cytological variation in aneuploid germ cells, ranging from normally looking big infantile spermatogonia to gonocyte/CIS cells. @entity4 probably precedes the full expression of the CIS phenotype. In case of doubt we recommend DNA densitometry to either confirm or discard their @entity1 nature. The earliest recognizable change in germ cell tumorigenesis is probably the polyploidisation of fetal germ cells, followed by the expression of the CIS phenotype in isolated germ cells scattered along infantile seminiferous tubules that later proliferate to give an adult type CIS pattern.

title: Early manifestations of @entity5 in XXXX : pathological phenotypes, karyotype correlations and precursor stages of @entity1 development.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the prognosis value of lymph node involvement (LN positive) lymph node @entity1 (BOT). STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective study on 49 @entity0 treated at our institution for advanced-stage serous BOT (International @entity2 [ @entity2 ] III or IV). Pathological characteristics and survival were compared according to the lymph node status. The same analysis was performed on 1503 @entity0 of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. RESULTS: In our institution, 14 @entity0 were LN positive. Eight @entity0 have been upstaged after lymph node dissection. No @entity0 has died during follow-up (median 53 months). LN positivity was not associated with recurrence. In the SEER registry, 93 @entity0 (6.2%) had LN positivity. These @entity0 were younger and with more advanced local extension. Survival curves were similar after adjustment for @entity2 stage. CONCLUSION: Lymph node involvement does not appear as a prognosis factor for advanced-stage BOT.

title: Prognostic value of lymph node involvement in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the early diagnosis of primary @entity2 and its outcome after surgical procedure. METHODS: Twenty-two @entity0 with primary @entity2 treated operatively between 1983 and 1997 were analyzed retrospectively. Eleven @entity0 complained of @entity1 and discomfort, 5 @entity5 , 4 @entity3 and @entity4 and 2 epigastric fullness. The correct diagnosis rate for endoscopy was 90.0% (9/10), for duodenography 86.7% (13/15), for ultrasound examination 33.3% (4/12) and for computerized tomography (CT) scanning 58.3% (7/12), respectively. All of the 22 @entity0 received surgery including pancreaticoduodenectomy (12 @entity0 ), segmental resection (4) and bypass operation (gastrojejunostomy and cholecystojejunostomy or cholangiojejunostomy) (6). RESULTS: Primary @entity2 was characterized nonspecifically, and the correct diagnosis was based on endoscopy and duodenography. The follow-up rate of this group was 86.4% (19/22). The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of @entity0 receiving radical resection (n = 16, 1 @entity0 lost follow-up) were 86.7% (13/15), 46.7% (7/15), and 26.7% (4/15), respectively. The 5-year survival rate of @entity0 receiving pancreaticoduodenectomy was 27.3% (3/11), and the 5-year survival rate of @entity0 having segmental resection was 1/4. No @entity0 (n = 6, 2 lost follow-up) with primary @entity2 treated by bypass procedure survived more than one year. There was a significant difference between @entity0 receiving radical procedure and bypass operation (chi(2) = 6.84, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Radical resection might improve the survival of @entity0 with primary @entity2 .

title: [Diagnosis and surgical treatment of primary XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To construct a recombinant prokaryotic expression vector (plasmid) containing microneme protein 1 (MIC1) partial gene in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) ZS2 isolate. The gene was expressed in varied @entity1 (E. coli) after sequencing. METHODS: The gene fragment coding MIC 1 from the genomic DNA of @entity3 ZS2 isolate was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The gene was inserted to a prokaryotic expression vector pWR450-1 by digesting with restriction enzymes and linking reaction. The positive clone was screened on LB plates containing @entity2 and identified by restrictive enzyme digestion, PCR amplification and sequence analysis. The recombinant plasmid was transferred into @entity1 TG1, JM109 (DE3) and DH5 alpha, and was expressed under the induction of IPTG. The expression products were identified by @entity0 -PAGE. The MIC1 gene structure was analyzed and compared in homology with the gene sequence of RH isolate using computer software. RESULTS: The recombinant plasmid pWR450-1/MIC1, after cloning from acquired 471 bp MIC1 gene fragment and amplified from the genome gene ZS2, was complete homologous to the sequence of RH isolate, reflecting its highly conservative. The gene could be expressed as fusion protein with 70,000 in varied @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Recombinant plasmid pWR450-MIC1 was successfully constructed and could be expressed in different strains of @entity1 , laying a foundation for research on its structure and function.

title: [Cloning, sequencing and expressing of microneme protein 1 partial gene in XXXX ZS2 isolate].

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: A @entity0 with a @entity1 was treated with high-dose rate brachytherapy using an oral applicator with embedded lead shielding making conventional simulation, using either kilovoltage computed tomography or radiographs, impossible because of scatter artifact. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Treatment simulation was accomplished using megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) simulation on a helical tomotherapy unit. Because of difficulty in visualization of the catheters on the @entity0 MVCT images, Velocity AI image registration software (Velocity Medical Solutions, Atlanta, GA) was used to register an MVCT of the applicator itself with the @entity0 MVCT simulation. The treatment plan was manually optimized to prescribe 4Gy/fraction to the gross @entity1 volume. RESULTS: The @entity0 tolerated the treatment well, with no evidence of disease 6 months after treatment. Thermoluminescent dosimeter measurements showed that the shielding reduced the dose by up to 90%, depending on the location of the thermoluminescent dosimeter. While the @entity0 was treated using dose distributions calculated in a homogeneous medium (Task Group-43), an approximation of the true dose distributions was retrospectively calculated using Acuros (Varian Medical Systems Inc., Palo Alto, CA), which accounts for heterogeneities in the @entity0 . DISCUSSION: Use of the MVCT with image registration allowed treatment planning in the presence of lead shielding. Dose-volume histograms showed that recalculation of the dose using heterogeneity correction did not affect the dose to the gross @entity1 volume, but that the dose to normal structures (maxilla and mandible) was reduced by the lead shielding. CONCLUSION: The use of MVCT and image registration allows for optimized planning in the presence of shielding, which would not be possible with conventional kilovoltage computed tomography.

title: Use of megavoltage computed tomography with image registration for high-dose rate treatment planning of an XXXX using a custom oral mold applicator with embedded lead shielding.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare treatment efficacy and complications of abdominal myomectomy with those of uterine @entity2 in @entity0 with symptomatic uterine fibroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the outcomes of 111 consecutive @entity0 who underwent abdominal myomectomy (n = 44) or @entity2 (n = 67) over a 30-month period. The mean ages of the two groups were 37.7 years (range, 28-48 years) and 44.2 years (range, 31-56 years), respectively. A questionnaire and review of medical records assessed all procedure-related complications and changes in symptoms. Length of hospital stay, time until resumption of daily activities, and @entity1 medication requirements after the procedure were also analyzed. RESULTS: Follow-up times for the myomectomy and embolization groups were 14.6 and 14.3 months, respectively. The respective observed success rates in abdominal myomectomy and uterine @entity2 @entity0 were 64% versus 92% for @entity3 (p < 0.05), 54% versus 74% for @entity1 (not significant), and 91% versus 76% for mass effect (p < 0.05). The complication rates were 25% (abdominal myomectomy) and 11% (uterine @entity2 ) (p < 0.05). The respective secondary end points for the two procedures were 2.9 versus 0 days mean hospital stay, 8.7 versus 5.1 days of narcotics use, and 36 versus 8 days until resumption of normal activities. These differences were all statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Uterine @entity2 is a less invasive and safer treatment option in @entity0 with symptomatic @entity4 than myomectomy. @entity3 may be better controlled with embolization, and myomectomy may be a better option in @entity0 with mass effect. Both procedures were equally effective in controlling @entity1 .

title: Abdominal myomectomy versus uterine XXXX in the treatment of symptomatic uterine @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare treatment efficacy and complications of abdominal myomectomy with those of uterine @entity2 in @entity0 with symptomatic uterine fibroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the outcomes of 111 consecutive @entity0 who underwent abdominal myomectomy (n = 44) or @entity2 (n = 67) over a 30-month period. The mean ages of the two groups were 37.7 years (range, 28-48 years) and 44.2 years (range, 31-56 years), respectively. A questionnaire and review of medical records assessed all procedure-related complications and changes in symptoms. Length of hospital stay, time until resumption of daily activities, and @entity1 medication requirements after the procedure were also analyzed. RESULTS: Follow-up times for the myomectomy and embolization groups were 14.6 and 14.3 months, respectively. The respective observed success rates in abdominal myomectomy and uterine @entity2 @entity0 were 64% versus 92% for @entity3 (p < 0.05), 54% versus 74% for @entity1 (not significant), and 91% versus 76% for mass effect (p < 0.05). The complication rates were 25% (abdominal myomectomy) and 11% (uterine @entity2 ) (p < 0.05). The respective secondary end points for the two procedures were 2.9 versus 0 days mean hospital stay, 8.7 versus 5.1 days of narcotics use, and 36 versus 8 days until resumption of normal activities. These differences were all statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Uterine @entity2 is a less invasive and safer treatment option in @entity0 with symptomatic @entity4 than myomectomy. @entity3 may be better controlled with embolization, and myomectomy may be a better option in @entity0 with mass effect. Both procedures were equally effective in controlling @entity1 .

title: Abdominal myomectomy versus uterine @entity2 in the treatment of symptomatic uterine XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Fourteen cases of @entity1 with @entity4 were analyzed employing conventional cardiologic methods, including echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and endomyocardial biopsy. The cases were divided into four types: Acute carditic ( @entity3 , @entity6 , @entity5 ; five cases); ventricular dilation (three cases); restrictive (three cases); electric disturbance (three cases). Biopsy revealed significant changes in all cases. In one case of the ventricular dilation type, @entity7 with @entity0 was seen, and in another case mural @entity2 formation was shown to be present. In three cases of the restrictive type, @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was observed. In two cases of the electric disturbance type, minor right @entity0 was observed. In two of the three cases of the carditic type and in three of eight cases in other categories, postmyocarditic changes were observed. The course of the disease compared with the type of disorder revealed a short course in the carditic type and a longer course, ranging from 2 to 24 years, with one exception, in the other types. It is also confirmed that the various histopathologic changes can be related to particular clinical presentations. We have shown that the basic changes in @entity1 are not restricted to the endomyocardium and that they occur in various parts of the heart causing more widespread manifestations. The more comprehensive term " @entity1 " is a preferable description.

title: Clinical spectrum and endomyocardial biopsy findings in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Clinical studies concerning @entity2 @entity0 treated with protons reporting on radiation-induced side effects are scarce. Therefore, we reviewed the literature regarding the potential benefits of protons compared with the currently used photons in terms of lower doses to normal tissue and the potential for fewer subsequent radiation-induced side effects, with the main focus on in silico planning comparative (ISPC) studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was performed by two independent researchers on ISPC studies that included proton-based and photon-based irradiation techniques. RESULTS: Initially, 877 papers were retrieved and 14 relevant and eligible ISPC studies were identified and included in this review. Four studies included @entity4 cases, three included @entity1 cases, and seven included oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and/or @entity1 cases. Seven studies compared the most sophisticated photon and proton techniques: intensity-modulated photon therapy versus intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). Four studies compared different proton techniques. All studies showed that protons had a lower normal tissue dose, while keeping similar or better target coverage. Two studies found that these lower doses theoretically translated into a significantly lower incidence of @entity3 . CONCLUSION: The results of ISPC studies indicate that protons have the potential for a significantly lower normal tissue dose, while keeping similar or better target coverage. Scanned IMPT probably offers the most advantage and will allow for a substantially lower probability of radiation-induced side effects. The results of these ISPC studies should be confirmed in properly designed clinical trials.

title: The potential benefit of radiotherapy with protons in XXXX with respect to normal tissue sparing: a systematic review of literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is currently based on culture methods, which lack sensitivity, especially after antibiotic therapy. Molecular methods have improved sensitivity and do not require viable bacteria; however, their use is complicated by reports of low specificity with some assays. The present study investigated the specificity of a real-time PCR targeting lytA for the detection of @entity1 . A group of 147 healthy @entity0 , aged 6 months to 16 years (mean 6.4 years, median 4.9 years, interquartile range 6.4 years), who were in hospital for routine examinations, were tested for pneumococcal carrier status and for the presence of detectable pneumococcal DNA in their blood by real-time PCR targeting the pneumococcal lytA gene. In addition, 35 culture-positive biological samples were analysed. Urine was examined for the presence of pneumococcal DNA and C-polysaccharide antigen. Carriage was detected in 77 of the 147 subjects (52.4%); however, regardless of carrier status, none of the subjects had a positive result from blood. Analysis of the culture-positive biological samples yielded positive results in 100% (15/15) of cerebrospinal fluid samples and 95% (19/20) of blood samples. All urine samples from healthy carriers were negative for DNA, whilst antigenuria was detected in 44/77 carriers (57.1%). In conclusion, real-time PCR is both sensitive and specific and can be a useful tool in the routine diagnosis of @entity1 . Its sensitivity, which surpasses that of other methods for this purpose, does not come at the cost of reduced specificity.

title: Pneumococcal DNA is not detectable in the blood of healthy carrier XXXX by real-time PCR targeting the lytA gene.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 is an invasive enteric pathogen that causes significant @entity1 . Recently, we identified and characterized a global regulator of virulence (rovA). When @entity0 are infected orally with the rovA mutant they are attenuated by 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) analysis and have altered kinetics of @entity3 . Most significantly, @entity0 orally infected with the rovA mutant have greatly reduced @entity1 in the Peyer's patches compared to those infected with wild-type @entity4 . However, we present data here indicating that when the rovA mutant bacteria are delivered intraperitoneally (i.p.), they are significantly more virulent than when delivered orally. The i.p. LD(50) for the rovA mutant is only 10-fold higher than that of the wild-type @entity4 , and there are significant @entity1 responses to the rovA mutant that are evident in the liver and spleen. Altogether, these data suggest that the RovA regulon may be required for the early events of the @entity3 that occur in the Peyer's patches. Furthermore, these data suggest that the RovA regulon may be dispensable for @entity4 @entity2 and @entity1 responses if the Peyer's patches are bypassed.

title: The rovA mutant of XXXX displays differential degrees of virulence depending on the route of @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 is an invasive enteric pathogen that causes significant @entity1 . Recently, we identified and characterized a global regulator of virulence (rovA). When @entity0 are infected orally with the rovA mutant they are attenuated by 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) analysis and have altered kinetics of @entity3 . Most significantly, @entity0 orally infected with the rovA mutant have greatly reduced @entity1 in the Peyer's patches compared to those infected with wild-type @entity4 . However, we present data here indicating that when the rovA mutant bacteria are delivered intraperitoneally (i.p.), they are significantly more virulent than when delivered orally. The i.p. LD(50) for the rovA mutant is only 10-fold higher than that of the wild-type @entity4 , and there are significant @entity1 responses to the rovA mutant that are evident in the liver and spleen. Altogether, these data suggest that the RovA regulon may be required for the early events of the @entity3 that occur in the Peyer's patches. Furthermore, these data suggest that the RovA regulon may be dispensable for @entity4 @entity2 and @entity1 responses if the Peyer's patches are bypassed.

title: The rovA mutant of @entity4 displays differential degrees of virulence depending on the route of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: To investigate the structure-function relationships of goose-type lysozyme, a gene coding for @entity3 egg-white lysozyme (OEL) was designed based on the published @entity1 sequence and constructed by assembling 32 chemically synthesized oligonucleotides. To obtain the recombinant OEL (rOEL), the synthetic gene was fused to the alpha-factor signal peptide in the expression vector pPIC9K and expressed in the methylotrophic @entity0 @entity4 . The secreted protein from the transformed @entity0 was found to be processed at three different sites, including the correct site. The correctly processed rOEL was purified to homogeneity and shown to be indistinguishable from the authentic form in terms of circular dichroism (CD) spectrum and enzyme activity. Furthermore, the time-course of the reaction catalyzed by OEL was studied using ( @entity2 )(n) (n = 5 and 6) as the substrate and compared to that of goose egg-white lysozyme (GEL) [Honda and Fukamizo (1998) BIOCHIM: Biophys. Acta 1388, 53-65]. OEL hydrolyzed ( @entity2 )(6) in an endo-splitting manner producing mainly ( @entity2 )(2), ( @entity2 )(3), and ( @entity2 )(4), and cleavage to ( @entity2 )(3) + ( @entity2 )(3) predominated over that to ( @entity2 )(2) + ( @entity2 )(4). This indicates that OEL hydrolyzes preferentially the third glycosidic linkage from the nonreducing end of ( @entity2 )(6) as in the case of GEL. The cleavage pattern seen for ( @entity2 )(5) was similar to that seen for ( @entity2 )(6). Theoretical analysis of the reaction time-course for OEL revealed that the binding free energy values for subsites B, E, and G were different between OEL and GEL, although these lysozymes were estimated to have the same type of subsite structure.

title: Expression of a synthetic gene coding for XXXX egg-white lysozyme in @entity4 and its enzymatic activity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To investigate the structure-function relationships of goose-type lysozyme, a gene coding for @entity3 egg-white lysozyme (OEL) was designed based on the published @entity1 sequence and constructed by assembling 32 chemically synthesized oligonucleotides. To obtain the recombinant OEL (rOEL), the synthetic gene was fused to the alpha-factor signal peptide in the expression vector pPIC9K and expressed in the methylotrophic @entity0 @entity4 . The secreted protein from the transformed @entity0 was found to be processed at three different sites, including the correct site. The correctly processed rOEL was purified to homogeneity and shown to be indistinguishable from the authentic form in terms of circular dichroism (CD) spectrum and enzyme activity. Furthermore, the time-course of the reaction catalyzed by OEL was studied using ( @entity2 )(n) (n = 5 and 6) as the substrate and compared to that of goose egg-white lysozyme (GEL) [Honda and Fukamizo (1998) BIOCHIM: Biophys. Acta 1388, 53-65]. OEL hydrolyzed ( @entity2 )(6) in an endo-splitting manner producing mainly ( @entity2 )(2), ( @entity2 )(3), and ( @entity2 )(4), and cleavage to ( @entity2 )(3) + ( @entity2 )(3) predominated over that to ( @entity2 )(2) + ( @entity2 )(4). This indicates that OEL hydrolyzes preferentially the third glycosidic linkage from the nonreducing end of ( @entity2 )(6) as in the case of GEL. The cleavage pattern seen for ( @entity2 )(5) was similar to that seen for ( @entity2 )(6). Theoretical analysis of the reaction time-course for OEL revealed that the binding free energy values for subsites B, E, and G were different between OEL and GEL, although these lysozymes were estimated to have the same type of subsite structure.

title: Expression of a synthetic gene coding for @entity3 egg-white lysozyme in XXXX and its enzymatic activity.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Similar to @entity5 , @entity2 breakdown generates several lipids, including @entity3 (SPC), that are putative signaling molecules. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the involvement of SPC in transmitter release process. Intracellular recordings were made from isolated frog sciatic-sartorius nerve-muscle preparations, and the effects of SPC on neurosecretion in the form of miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs) were assessed. Extracellular application of SPC mixture (D,L-SPC) at 1, 10, and 25 microM increased the MEPP frequency by 68, 96, and 127%, respectively. D-erythro-SPC (dissolved in @entity1 but not coupled to bovine serum albumin), but not L-threo-SPC, was active extracellular; the former (at 10 microM) increased the MEPP frequency by 143%. D-erythro-SPC treatment did not significantly change the median amplitude or frequency-distribution of MEPPs. Intracellular delivery via liposomes, in which 10, 100, or 1000 microM SPC mixture was entrapped in liposomal aqueous phase, induced a concentration-dependent increase in MEPP frequency of 45, 91, and 100%, respectively. D-erythro-SPC and L-threo-SPC at the concentration of 100 microM increased the MEPP frequency by 117 and 67%, respectively, or 91 and 61%, respectively, when coupled to bovine serum albumin. Pretreatment with @entity0 significantly reduced but did not abolish the effects of extracellular D-erythro-SPC (10 microM) or liposomes containing 100 microM D-erythro-SPC. Liposomes filled with 100 microM @entity4 (IP3) enhanced the MEPP frequency to the same magnitude as 100 microM D-erythro-SPC entrapped in liposomes. However, administration of 100 microM D-erythro-SPC and IP3 entrapped in the same liposomes enhanced the MEPP frequency by 70%, which was less than that produced by these two compounds alone. The result provides the first electrophysiological evidence that SPC can modulate transmitter release by an extra- or intracellular action at the frog motor nerve ending.

title: Extra- and intracellular XXXX promote spontaneous transmitter release from frog motor nerve endings.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 remains a @entity1 with poor prognosis. Rapid progresses were made in chemotherapeutic agents and the development of molecular markers allowed better identification of candidates for targeted therapy. This study aimed to identify the candidate peptides used for anti-angiogenic therapy of @entity3 by in vivo screening C7C peptide library for peptides binding specifically to blood vessels of @entity0 @entity3 . METHODS: The phage displayed C7C peptide library was injected intravenously into @entity2 bearing @entity0 @entity1 xenografts under renal capsule. After 5 rounds of screening, 13 clones were picked up individually and sequenced. During each round of screening, titers of phage recovery were calculated from @entity1 xenograft and control tissues. Homing of these 9 peptides to @entity1 vessel was detected by calculating phage titers in the @entity1 xenograft and control tissues (lung and spleen) after each phage was injected into @entity2 model, and compared with the distribution of @entity4 and @entity5 -related antigen in @entity1 xenograft by immunohistochemical staining. Comparisons among groups of data were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. RESULTS: The number of phage recovered from @entity1 tissue of each round increased gradually in @entity1 group while decreased in control groups (P < 0.01 in @entity1 and spleen, P < 0.05 in lung). Immunohistochemical staining showed similar staining pattern with @entity4 antibody or @entity5 -related antigen antibody, suggesting that phages displaying the selected peptides could home to blood vessel of @entity0 @entity3 . According to their DNA, 9 corresponding peptide sequences were deduced. And the homing ability to blood vessel of phages displaying the selected peptides was confirmed by comparing with their recovery in @entity1 and control tissues. Two motifs, YSXNXW and PXNXXN, were also obtained by analyzing the homology of these peptide sequences. The staining distribution of phage with the sequence of PNPNNST was similar to that of the blood vessel marker factor @entity5 -related antigen staining. After sequencing, each phage with the selected peptide of PNPNNST with 1.0   10(11) pfu/ml was injected intravenously into @entity2 . The homing ability to @entity1 vessel of these 9 kinds of peptides in the xenograft was higher than control tissues (lung and spleen). CONCLUSION: Nine peptides obtained from in vivo screening homed to the blood vessel of @entity0 @entity3 , and the two motifs of YSXNXW and PXNXXN are the possible biochemical recognition units binding to vascular endothelial cells of @entity3 .

title: Screening of specific binding peptide targeting blood vessel of XXXX @entity3 in vivo in @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 remains a @entity1 with poor prognosis. Rapid progresses were made in chemotherapeutic agents and the development of molecular markers allowed better identification of candidates for targeted therapy. This study aimed to identify the candidate peptides used for anti-angiogenic therapy of @entity3 by in vivo screening C7C peptide library for peptides binding specifically to blood vessels of @entity0 @entity3 . METHODS: The phage displayed C7C peptide library was injected intravenously into @entity2 bearing @entity0 @entity1 xenografts under renal capsule. After 5 rounds of screening, 13 clones were picked up individually and sequenced. During each round of screening, titers of phage recovery were calculated from @entity1 xenograft and control tissues. Homing of these 9 peptides to @entity1 vessel was detected by calculating phage titers in the @entity1 xenograft and control tissues (lung and spleen) after each phage was injected into @entity2 model, and compared with the distribution of @entity4 and @entity5 -related antigen in @entity1 xenograft by immunohistochemical staining. Comparisons among groups of data were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. RESULTS: The number of phage recovered from @entity1 tissue of each round increased gradually in @entity1 group while decreased in control groups (P < 0.01 in @entity1 and spleen, P < 0.05 in lung). Immunohistochemical staining showed similar staining pattern with @entity4 antibody or @entity5 -related antigen antibody, suggesting that phages displaying the selected peptides could home to blood vessel of @entity0 @entity3 . According to their DNA, 9 corresponding peptide sequences were deduced. And the homing ability to blood vessel of phages displaying the selected peptides was confirmed by comparing with their recovery in @entity1 and control tissues. Two motifs, YSXNXW and PXNXXN, were also obtained by analyzing the homology of these peptide sequences. The staining distribution of phage with the sequence of PNPNNST was similar to that of the blood vessel marker factor @entity5 -related antigen staining. After sequencing, each phage with the selected peptide of PNPNNST with 1.0   10(11) pfu/ml was injected intravenously into @entity2 . The homing ability to @entity1 vessel of these 9 kinds of peptides in the xenograft was higher than control tissues (lung and spleen). CONCLUSION: Nine peptides obtained from in vivo screening homed to the blood vessel of @entity0 @entity3 , and the two motifs of YSXNXW and PXNXXN are the possible biochemical recognition units binding to vascular endothelial cells of @entity3 .

title: Screening of specific binding peptide targeting blood vessel of @entity0 XXXX in vivo in @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 remains a @entity1 with poor prognosis. Rapid progresses were made in chemotherapeutic agents and the development of molecular markers allowed better identification of candidates for targeted therapy. This study aimed to identify the candidate peptides used for anti-angiogenic therapy of @entity3 by in vivo screening C7C peptide library for peptides binding specifically to blood vessels of @entity0 @entity3 . METHODS: The phage displayed C7C peptide library was injected intravenously into @entity2 bearing @entity0 @entity1 xenografts under renal capsule. After 5 rounds of screening, 13 clones were picked up individually and sequenced. During each round of screening, titers of phage recovery were calculated from @entity1 xenograft and control tissues. Homing of these 9 peptides to @entity1 vessel was detected by calculating phage titers in the @entity1 xenograft and control tissues (lung and spleen) after each phage was injected into @entity2 model, and compared with the distribution of @entity4 and @entity5 -related antigen in @entity1 xenograft by immunohistochemical staining. Comparisons among groups of data were made using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. RESULTS: The number of phage recovered from @entity1 tissue of each round increased gradually in @entity1 group while decreased in control groups (P < 0.01 in @entity1 and spleen, P < 0.05 in lung). Immunohistochemical staining showed similar staining pattern with @entity4 antibody or @entity5 -related antigen antibody, suggesting that phages displaying the selected peptides could home to blood vessel of @entity0 @entity3 . According to their DNA, 9 corresponding peptide sequences were deduced. And the homing ability to blood vessel of phages displaying the selected peptides was confirmed by comparing with their recovery in @entity1 and control tissues. Two motifs, YSXNXW and PXNXXN, were also obtained by analyzing the homology of these peptide sequences. The staining distribution of phage with the sequence of PNPNNST was similar to that of the blood vessel marker factor @entity5 -related antigen staining. After sequencing, each phage with the selected peptide of PNPNNST with 1.0   10(11) pfu/ml was injected intravenously into @entity2 . The homing ability to @entity1 vessel of these 9 kinds of peptides in the xenograft was higher than control tissues (lung and spleen). CONCLUSION: Nine peptides obtained from in vivo screening homed to the blood vessel of @entity0 @entity3 , and the two motifs of YSXNXW and PXNXXN are the possible biochemical recognition units binding to vascular endothelial cells of @entity3 .

title: Screening of specific binding peptide targeting blood vessel of @entity0 @entity3 in vivo in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS) can be cultured and expanded in vitro in monolayer. Little is known about the growth characteristics of FLS derived from different @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: To study FLS cultures, with particular attention to differences in growth rate of FLS from @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and from other arthritic @entity0 . Additionally, to analyse the influence of @entity5 ( @entity6 ) treatment, @entity0 age, and disease duration on FLS growth characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: FLS were isolated from needle arthroscopy biopsy specimens. Twenty four @entity0 (11 @entity2 , 8 @entity7 , 1 @entity3 , and 4 undifferentiated @entity4 ) were studied. FLS population doubling time was determined between passage 2 and passage 5. Differences in population doubling time between @entity2 and non- @entity2 FLS and between FLS from @entity0 receiving @entity6 and those not receiving this drug were analysed. In addition, possible correlations between FLS population doubling time and @entity0 age or disease duration were examined. RESULTS: In vitro monolayer FLS cultures from needle arthroscopy biopsy specimens showed linear growth characteristics. Cell growth rate was not correlated with @entity1 . Cells from @entity0 undergoing treatment with @entity6 showed a longer population doubling time than FLS from @entity0 not receiving this drug (Mann-Whitney test, p<0.05). No correlation was found with @entity0 age or disease duration. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that FLS growth in monolayer is not dependent on the disease affecting the joint. @entity6 treatment, however, was more relevant in determining FLS growth rate.

title: In vitro growth rate of fibroblast-like synovial cells is reduced by XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Body image distortion is a key symptom of @entity1 . In behavioral research two components of body image have been defined: attitudes towards the body and body size estimation. Only few fMRI-studies investigated the neural correlates of body image in @entity3 ; those are constrained by the lack of a direct distinction between these different body image components. METHODS: The present study investigates the neural correlates of two aspects of the body image using fMRI: satisfaction rating and size estimation of distorted own body photographs in @entity2 @entity0 (15) and controls (16). RESULTS: @entity0 were less satisfied with their current body shape than controls and preferred to be thinner. The amount of insula activity reflects the pattern of the satisfaction rating for @entity0 and controls. @entity0 also overestimated their own body size. For control subjects, an activated cluster in lateral occipital cortex was sensitive for body size distortions, whereas bulimic @entity0 did not demonstrate such a modulation. Furthermore, bulimic subjects did not recruit the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) in contrast to controls during the body size estimation task, maybe indicating a reduced spatial manipulation capacity. Therefore, this activation pattern of lateral occipital cortex and MFG might be responsible for body size overestimation in @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The present results show that bulimic @entity0 exhibit two distinct deficits in body image representations similar to anorectic @entity0 and that specifically associated neuronal correlates can be identified. Concludingly, our study support psychotherapeutic strategies specifically targeting these two aspects of body image distortions.

title: Body image distortions in XXXX : investigating body size overestimation and body size satisfaction by fMRI.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Serum concentration of type IV collagen 7S domain (7S collagen) is a marker of hepatic @entity1 . We investigated the usefulness of measuring the serum 7S collagen concentration as a risk factor for recurrence after liver resection for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: The serum 7S collagen concentration was measured before liver resection for @entity2 in 219 @entity0 . Group 1 included 102 @entity0 with a high serum concentration of 7S collagen (>or=8.0 ng/ml), and group 2 consisted of 117 @entity0 with a low serum concentration of 7S collagen (<8.0 ng/ml). Clinicopathologic findings and outcome after surgery were compared between groups. RESULTS: The results of liver function tests were better in group 2 than in group 1. The percentage of @entity0 with @entity1 or who underwent minor resection was higher in group 1 than in group 2. The percentage of @entity0 with moderately or poorly differentiated @entity2 or portal invasion was higher in group 2 than in group 1. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified that a high serum concentration of 7S collagen (>or=8.0 ng/ml) was an independent risk factor for recurrence. CONCLUSION: Measuring the serum 7S collagen concentration is useful to estimate the risk of recurrence after resection of @entity2 .

title: Serum concentration of type IV collagen 7S domain as a marker for increased risk of recurrence after liver resection for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) stem cell transplantation in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) when a matched sibling donor was unavailable. METHODS: Three @entity0 with @entity3 received unrelated umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation after a preparative regimen for the treatment of @entity2 . The @entity0 ranged in age from 1.9 to 7.9 years. The cord blood units were 4/6 HLA antigen matches in 2 @entity0 and 5/6 in 1 @entity0 , with molecular HLA-DR match in all 3 @entity0 . RESULTS: The time for neutrophil engraftment (ANC >500/mm(3)) was 11 to 16 days, and the average time for platelet engraftment was 36 to 49 days. One @entity0 had no evidence of GvHD, 1 @entity0 grade I, and 1 @entity0 grade II. No @entity0 had chronic GvHD. The @entity0 with grade II GvHD also had gut involvement. Immunologic reconstitution demonstrated that cord blood stem cell transplantation resulted in consistent and stable T-, B-, and NK-cell development. Functional B-cell antibody responses revealed that 2 of the @entity0 in whom IVIG has been discontinued had low detectable antibody responses to @entity1 and diphtheria toxoid immunizations at 18 to 24 months after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Unrelated umbilical donor cord blood is an alternative source of stem cells for transplantation in @entity0 with @entity3 when a suitable HLA-matched donor is not available. Benefits of UCB include rapid and reliable recovery of immune function, low risk of GvHD, and low viral transmission rate.

title: Umbilical cord blood transplantation in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the kinetics of response to certolizumab pegol (CZP), and association between rapid response and longterm outcomes, in @entity0 with active @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: This was a post-hoc analysis of the randomized, double-blind RAPID 1 study in @entity0 who received @entity3 ( @entity4 ) and either CZP 200 mg subcutaneously or placebo every 2 weeks for 52 weeks. Clinical and radiographic outcomes at Week 52 were evaluated based on the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) >=  1.2 and American College of Rheumatology 20% (ACR20) responses at Week 6 and Week 12. RESULTS: Clinical responses [European League Against @entity2 (EULAR), DAS28 >=  1.2, and ACR20 responses] were rapid in CZP-treated @entity0 . Week 12 DAS28 >=  1.2 responders had better clinical and radiographic outcomes at Week 52 compared with nonresponders. Among Week 12 responders, incremental benefit of earlier response was observed: Week 6 DAS28 >=  1.2 responders and ACR20 responders had significantly higher ACR response rates and were more likely to achieve remission at Week 52 than Week 12 responders. @entity0 with a clinical response at Week 6 had faster, more meaningful sustained improvements in @entity0 -derived outcomes than those responding by Week 12 only. CONCLUSION: Rapid attainment of clinical response in @entity0 with @entity1 is associated with improved longterm outcomes. Analysis of the kinetics of response to CZP during the first 12 weeks of therapy potentially permits informed prediction of clinical success or need to alter treatment. In @entity0 not achieving a clinical response at Week 12 treatment adjustment should be considered. Trial registration NCT00152386.

title: Rapid improvement in the signs and symptoms of XXXX following certolizumab pegol treatment predicts better longterm outcomes: post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity9 , an @entity10 antifungal drug, has previously been shown to diminish @entity4 and @entity6 production in @entity0 as well as @entity2 and @entity1 cells in vitro. Inhibition of adrenal mitochondrial @entity7 enzymes was demonstrated. In this study we tested several @entity10 antifungal drugs and examined the individual steps in testicular steroidogenesis to determine which enzymes in the @entity5 pathway were blocked. In addition, we studied @entity11 24-hydroxylase activity in cultured @entity8 kidney cells (LLC-PK1) to assess a mitochondrial P-450 enzyme in another organ. All @entity12 tested inhibited both total @entity4 production and 24-hydroxylase activity but the relative potencies differed. We next studied the individual testicular enzymatic steps between @entity3 and @entity4 . @entity9 inhibited @entity3 -side-chain-cleavage enzyme (mitochondrial) and C-17,20 lyase (microsomal). The three inhibited enzymes (two testicular and one renal) are all P-450 cytochromes. Testicular 17-hydroxylase, also a P-450 cytochrome, was not inhibited even at high doses of @entity9 . This is an interesting finding because the testicular hydroxylase and lyase have been shown to be a single protein. Non- @entity7 enzymes in the @entity5 pathway were not inhibited. The results demonstrate that several @entity10 antifungal drugs all inhibit both microsomal and mitochondrial @entity7 enzymes in multiple organs.

title: Inhibition of steroidogenic @entity7 enzymes in @entity2 testis by XXXX and related @entity10 anti-fungal drugs.

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity9 , an @entity10 antifungal drug, has previously been shown to diminish @entity4 and @entity6 production in @entity0 as well as @entity2 and @entity1 cells in vitro. Inhibition of adrenal mitochondrial @entity7 enzymes was demonstrated. In this study we tested several @entity10 antifungal drugs and examined the individual steps in testicular steroidogenesis to determine which enzymes in the @entity5 pathway were blocked. In addition, we studied @entity11 24-hydroxylase activity in cultured @entity8 kidney cells (LLC-PK1) to assess a mitochondrial P-450 enzyme in another organ. All @entity12 tested inhibited both total @entity4 production and 24-hydroxylase activity but the relative potencies differed. We next studied the individual testicular enzymatic steps between @entity3 and @entity4 . @entity9 inhibited @entity3 -side-chain-cleavage enzyme (mitochondrial) and C-17,20 lyase (microsomal). The three inhibited enzymes (two testicular and one renal) are all P-450 cytochromes. Testicular 17-hydroxylase, also a P-450 cytochrome, was not inhibited even at high doses of @entity9 . This is an interesting finding because the testicular hydroxylase and lyase have been shown to be a single protein. Non- @entity7 enzymes in the @entity5 pathway were not inhibited. The results demonstrate that several @entity10 antifungal drugs all inhibit both microsomal and mitochondrial @entity7 enzymes in multiple organs.

title: Inhibition of steroidogenic XXXX enzymes in @entity2 testis by @entity9 and related @entity10 anti-fungal drugs.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity9 , an @entity10 antifungal drug, has previously been shown to diminish @entity4 and @entity6 production in @entity0 as well as @entity2 and @entity1 cells in vitro. Inhibition of adrenal mitochondrial @entity7 enzymes was demonstrated. In this study we tested several @entity10 antifungal drugs and examined the individual steps in testicular steroidogenesis to determine which enzymes in the @entity5 pathway were blocked. In addition, we studied @entity11 24-hydroxylase activity in cultured @entity8 kidney cells (LLC-PK1) to assess a mitochondrial P-450 enzyme in another organ. All @entity12 tested inhibited both total @entity4 production and 24-hydroxylase activity but the relative potencies differed. We next studied the individual testicular enzymatic steps between @entity3 and @entity4 . @entity9 inhibited @entity3 -side-chain-cleavage enzyme (mitochondrial) and C-17,20 lyase (microsomal). The three inhibited enzymes (two testicular and one renal) are all P-450 cytochromes. Testicular 17-hydroxylase, also a P-450 cytochrome, was not inhibited even at high doses of @entity9 . This is an interesting finding because the testicular hydroxylase and lyase have been shown to be a single protein. Non- @entity7 enzymes in the @entity5 pathway were not inhibited. The results demonstrate that several @entity10 antifungal drugs all inhibit both microsomal and mitochondrial @entity7 enzymes in multiple organs.

title: Inhibition of steroidogenic @entity7 enzymes in @entity2 testis by @entity9 and related XXXX anti-fungal drugs.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity9 , an @entity10 antifungal drug, has previously been shown to diminish @entity4 and @entity6 production in @entity0 as well as @entity2 and @entity1 cells in vitro. Inhibition of adrenal mitochondrial @entity7 enzymes was demonstrated. In this study we tested several @entity10 antifungal drugs and examined the individual steps in testicular steroidogenesis to determine which enzymes in the @entity5 pathway were blocked. In addition, we studied @entity11 24-hydroxylase activity in cultured @entity8 kidney cells (LLC-PK1) to assess a mitochondrial P-450 enzyme in another organ. All @entity12 tested inhibited both total @entity4 production and 24-hydroxylase activity but the relative potencies differed. We next studied the individual testicular enzymatic steps between @entity3 and @entity4 . @entity9 inhibited @entity3 -side-chain-cleavage enzyme (mitochondrial) and C-17,20 lyase (microsomal). The three inhibited enzymes (two testicular and one renal) are all P-450 cytochromes. Testicular 17-hydroxylase, also a P-450 cytochrome, was not inhibited even at high doses of @entity9 . This is an interesting finding because the testicular hydroxylase and lyase have been shown to be a single protein. Non- @entity7 enzymes in the @entity5 pathway were not inhibited. The results demonstrate that several @entity10 antifungal drugs all inhibit both microsomal and mitochondrial @entity7 enzymes in multiple organs.

title: Inhibition of steroidogenic @entity7 enzymes in XXXX testis by @entity9 and related @entity10 anti-fungal drugs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). SUBJECTS: The study included 100 consecutive unselected @entity0 with @entity1 attending our @entity1 clinic. @entity0 were divided into two groups: 45 @entity0 with @entity5 1 @entity1 and 55 @entity0 with @entity5 2 @entity1 . A group of 50 healthy hospital staff members served as controls. The @entity6 was diagnosed according to the 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria. Counts of 18 tender points were performed by thumb palpation and assessed by dolorimeter. Routine biochemical tests and levels of HbA(1c) were recorded in each @entity0 . RESULTS: The main outcome measure was the association of @entity6 with @entity1 . @entity6 was diagnosed in 17 @entity0 (17%) with @entity1 and in only one (2%) healthy control ( P=0.008). No differences in @entity0 were noted in the prevalence of @entity6 between @entity5 1 and @entity5 2 @entity1 (18.5% vs 15.5%, respectively). @entity0 with both @entity6 and @entity1 had significantly higher levels of HbA(1c) than @entity1 @entity0 without @entity6 (9.2+/-1.1% vs 6.4+/-1.5%) ( P<0.05). Similarly, the numbers of tender points, @entity4 scores, and the prevalence of @entity3 , fatigue, and @entity2 were higher in this group of @entity0 . A significant correlation was observed between the numbers of tender points and HbA(1c) levels in the @entity1 @entity0 with @entity6 ( r=0.72, P=0.027). CONCLUSION: @entity6 is a common finding in @entity0 with types 1 and 2 @entity1 , and its prevalence could be related to control of the disease. As with other @entity8 , @entity6 might be prevented by improved control of blood @entity7 levels.

title: XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). SUBJECTS: The study included 100 consecutive unselected @entity0 with @entity1 attending our @entity1 clinic. @entity0 were divided into two groups: 45 @entity0 with @entity5 1 @entity1 and 55 @entity0 with @entity5 2 @entity1 . A group of 50 healthy hospital staff members served as controls. The @entity6 was diagnosed according to the 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria. Counts of 18 tender points were performed by thumb palpation and assessed by dolorimeter. Routine biochemical tests and levels of HbA(1c) were recorded in each @entity0 . RESULTS: The main outcome measure was the association of @entity6 with @entity1 . @entity6 was diagnosed in 17 @entity0 (17%) with @entity1 and in only one (2%) healthy control ( P=0.008). No differences in @entity0 were noted in the prevalence of @entity6 between @entity5 1 and @entity5 2 @entity1 (18.5% vs 15.5%, respectively). @entity0 with both @entity6 and @entity1 had significantly higher levels of HbA(1c) than @entity1 @entity0 without @entity6 (9.2+/-1.1% vs 6.4+/-1.5%) ( P<0.05). Similarly, the numbers of tender points, @entity4 scores, and the prevalence of @entity3 , fatigue, and @entity2 were higher in this group of @entity0 . A significant correlation was observed between the numbers of tender points and HbA(1c) levels in the @entity1 @entity0 with @entity6 ( r=0.72, P=0.027). CONCLUSION: @entity6 is a common finding in @entity0 with types 1 and 2 @entity1 , and its prevalence could be related to control of the disease. As with other @entity8 , @entity6 might be prevented by improved control of blood @entity7 levels.

title: @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) assay has been validated in retrospective studies as prognostic of distant disease recurrence and predictive of the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity2 -receptor-positive @entity0 ( @entity0 ). There is limited published data on the impact of the assay on clinical practice, particularly in the context of a single practice with a unified treatment policy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 2006 and 2009, RS was obtained on 135 @entity1 in a single practice with a uniform treatment policy. Treatment recommendations before and after RS result were analyzed retrospectively. Pre-RS treatment recommendations were based on clinicopathological features and Adjuvant! Online (AO) calculated survival advantage. RS and AO survival advantage for adding chemotherapy were compared for each @entity1 . RESULTS: The distribution by risk group of RS was low- 49.6%, intermediate-37.8%, and high-12.6%. In 34 @entity1 (25.2%, 95% confidence interval 17.9% to 32.5%), recommendation for chemotherapy was changed after obtaining assay result. Most changes (70.6%) were from chemotherapy to no chemotherapy. The RS correlated poorly with AO predictions. CONCLUSION: The 21-gene assay, when applied in a consistent manner in early-stage @entity0 , changes treatment recommendations in one-quarter of @entity1 tested.

title: The impact of the 21-gene recurrence score assay on decision making about adjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage XXXX -receptor-positive @entity0 in an oncology practice with a unified treatment policy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) assay has been validated in retrospective studies as prognostic of distant disease recurrence and predictive of the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity2 -receptor-positive @entity0 ( @entity0 ). There is limited published data on the impact of the assay on clinical practice, particularly in the context of a single practice with a unified treatment policy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 2006 and 2009, RS was obtained on 135 @entity1 in a single practice with a uniform treatment policy. Treatment recommendations before and after RS result were analyzed retrospectively. Pre-RS treatment recommendations were based on clinicopathological features and Adjuvant! Online (AO) calculated survival advantage. RS and AO survival advantage for adding chemotherapy were compared for each @entity1 . RESULTS: The distribution by risk group of RS was low- 49.6%, intermediate-37.8%, and high-12.6%. In 34 @entity1 (25.2%, 95% confidence interval 17.9% to 32.5%), recommendation for chemotherapy was changed after obtaining assay result. Most changes (70.6%) were from chemotherapy to no chemotherapy. The RS correlated poorly with AO predictions. CONCLUSION: The 21-gene assay, when applied in a consistent manner in early-stage @entity0 , changes treatment recommendations in one-quarter of @entity1 tested.

title: The impact of the 21-gene recurrence score assay on decision making about adjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage @entity2 -receptor-positive XXXX in an oncology practice with a unified treatment policy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Elderly @entity0 have largely been excluded from randomized trials for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We reviewed the results of treatment approaches, which included surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation in this group of @entity0 . @entity0 were treated during the period 1979-2007 and were 70 years of age and older with histologically confirmed @entity2 . @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was the primary endpoint of this retrospective study. Two hundred six @entity0 70 years of age and older were identified. Median age was 75 years (range 70-90). Median @entity3 time was 4.5 months. Univariate analysis showed that @entity3 was significantly impacted by KPS score (1.8 months for KPS  <= 50 to 17.2 months for KPS >=  90, P < .001), age at diagnosis (5.1 months for age 70-79 versus 3.1 months for age >=  80, P < .001), and extent of disease (worse for bilateral disease [P = .003], multifocal disease [P = .005], and @entity1 [P = .02]). On multivariate analysis, higher KPS score (P = .006), surgical resection (any surgery beyond biopsy) (P < .001), radiation therapy (P < .001), and chemotherapy (P < .001) were all found to be independently associated with improved @entity3 . In this study of newly diagnosed @entity2 @entity0 over the age of 70 years, aggressive treatment with radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery is associated with @entity3 .

title: Aggressive treatment is appropriate for XXXX @entity0 70 years old or older: a retrospective review of 206 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Elderly @entity0 have largely been excluded from randomized trials for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We reviewed the results of treatment approaches, which included surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation in this group of @entity0 . @entity0 were treated during the period 1979-2007 and were 70 years of age and older with histologically confirmed @entity2 . @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was the primary endpoint of this retrospective study. Two hundred six @entity0 70 years of age and older were identified. Median age was 75 years (range 70-90). Median @entity3 time was 4.5 months. Univariate analysis showed that @entity3 was significantly impacted by KPS score (1.8 months for KPS  <= 50 to 17.2 months for KPS >=  90, P < .001), age at diagnosis (5.1 months for age 70-79 versus 3.1 months for age >=  80, P < .001), and extent of disease (worse for bilateral disease [P = .003], multifocal disease [P = .005], and @entity1 [P = .02]). On multivariate analysis, higher KPS score (P = .006), surgical resection (any surgery beyond biopsy) (P < .001), radiation therapy (P < .001), and chemotherapy (P < .001) were all found to be independently associated with improved @entity3 . In this study of newly diagnosed @entity2 @entity0 over the age of 70 years, aggressive treatment with radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery is associated with @entity3 .

title: Aggressive treatment is appropriate for @entity2 XXXX 70 years old or older: a retrospective review of 206 cases.

answer: @entity0