abstract: @entity6 (AARF) is a relatively uncommon @entity2 , especially in association with @entity3 of the @entity4 . The @entity5 and fixation is normally caused by intercalated facet joints of @entity4 and atlas. A traumatic AARF in a 21 year old female is presented with special emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This high velocity @entity2 was caused by a traffic accident. The @entity2 service which was initially involved made the correct diagnosis and tried to reduce the dislocation by skull traction during analgesia and sedation, but without success. For further treatment, the @entity0 was referred to a level one @entity2 center. After completing the diagnostic imaging with MRI and CT for exact delineation of the @entity3 site and determination of ligament damage, a halo fixation for skull traction was installed. This second attempt was also unsuccessful. Only a closed reduction under general anesthesia with @entity1 led to a neutral alignment and congruent joint contact between C1 and C2. Due to the stable @entity3 site and the intact ligaments, a conservative treatment with a stable collar splint was performed.

title: [ @entity6 with lateral mass XXXX of the @entity4 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 (AARF) is a relatively uncommon @entity2 , especially in association with @entity3 of the @entity4 . The @entity5 and fixation is normally caused by intercalated facet joints of @entity4 and atlas. A traumatic AARF in a 21 year old female is presented with special emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This high velocity @entity2 was caused by a traffic accident. The @entity2 service which was initially involved made the correct diagnosis and tried to reduce the dislocation by skull traction during analgesia and sedation, but without success. For further treatment, the @entity0 was referred to a level one @entity2 center. After completing the diagnostic imaging with MRI and CT for exact delineation of the @entity3 site and determination of ligament damage, a halo fixation for skull traction was installed. This second attempt was also unsuccessful. Only a closed reduction under general anesthesia with @entity1 led to a neutral alignment and congruent joint contact between C1 and C2. Due to the stable @entity3 site and the intact ligaments, a conservative treatment with a stable collar splint was performed.

title: [ @entity6 with lateral mass @entity3 of the XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional imaging with mammography and ultrasonography has a low sensitivity for diagnosis and a tendency to underestimate the extent of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the breast. The aim was to determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had any advantages for the characterization of @entity3 . METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with histologically proven @entity3 underwent preoperative imaging with MRI. MRI was performed to aid detection of @entity2 in six @entity1 with a clinically suspicious presentation but normal or indeterminate imaging on mammography and ultrasonography. In 14 @entity1 MRI was performed to determine @entity2 extent. RESULTS: MRI accurately identified @entity2 in five of six @entity1 with normal or indeterminate conventional imaging. In seven of 14 @entity1 in whom MRI was performed to determine @entity2 extent, it provided significant additional information. These included four @entity1 in whom conventional imaging grossly underestimated @entity2 size, two @entity1 in whom MRI identified an unsuspected @entity0 and one @entity1 in whom MRI predicted @entity2 invasion of the pectoral muscle. The correlation between @entity2 size on histological examination was better with MRI (r = 0.967) than with mammography (r = 0.663) and ultrasonography (r = 0.673). CONCLUSION: MRI can provide considerable additional information in the detection and characterization of @entity3 .

title: Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and single-stage surgical resection of XXXX of the breast.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 and @entity5 are factors of great importance in early gestation. In sows, @entity2 supplement can increase litter size through a decrease in embryonic mortality, while @entity5 , the most abundant @entity0 in the sow oviduct, uterine, and allantoic fluids, is reported to act as an organic osmoregulator. In this study, we report the characterization of cytoplasmic @entity1 hydroxymethyltransferase (cSHMT), T-protein, and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) mRNA expression levels in endometrial and embryonic tissues in gestating sows on Day 25 of gestation according to the breed, parity, and @entity2 + @entity5 supplementation. Expression levels of cSHMT, T-protein, and @entity3 mRNA in endometrial and embryonic tissues were performed using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We also report, for the first time, an alternative splicing event in the porcine T-protein gene. Results showed that a T-protein splice variant, @entity3 , is present in all the tested sow populations. Further characterizations revealed that this T-protein splice variant contains a coding intron that can adopt a secondary structure. Results demonstrated that cSHMT mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in sows receiving the @entity2 + @entity5 supplementation, independently of the breed or parity and in both endometrial and embryonic tissues. Upon receiving the same treatment, the @entity3 and T-protein mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in the endometrial tissue of Yorkshire-Landrace sows only. These results indicate that modulation of specific gene expression levels in endometrial and embryonic tissues of sows in early gestation could be one of the mechanism involved with the role of @entity2 on improving @entity4 reproduction traits.

title: Effects of breed, parity, and XXXX supplement on the expression of @entity2 metabolism genes in endometrial and embryonic tissues from sows in early pregnancy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 and @entity5 are factors of great importance in early gestation. In sows, @entity2 supplement can increase litter size through a decrease in embryonic mortality, while @entity5 , the most abundant @entity0 in the sow oviduct, uterine, and allantoic fluids, is reported to act as an organic osmoregulator. In this study, we report the characterization of cytoplasmic @entity1 hydroxymethyltransferase (cSHMT), T-protein, and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) mRNA expression levels in endometrial and embryonic tissues in gestating sows on Day 25 of gestation according to the breed, parity, and @entity2 + @entity5 supplementation. Expression levels of cSHMT, T-protein, and @entity3 mRNA in endometrial and embryonic tissues were performed using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We also report, for the first time, an alternative splicing event in the porcine T-protein gene. Results showed that a T-protein splice variant, @entity3 , is present in all the tested sow populations. Further characterizations revealed that this T-protein splice variant contains a coding intron that can adopt a secondary structure. Results demonstrated that cSHMT mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in sows receiving the @entity2 + @entity5 supplementation, independently of the breed or parity and in both endometrial and embryonic tissues. Upon receiving the same treatment, the @entity3 and T-protein mRNA expression levels were significantly reduced in the endometrial tissue of Yorkshire-Landrace sows only. These results indicate that modulation of specific gene expression levels in endometrial and embryonic tissues of sows in early gestation could be one of the mechanism involved with the role of @entity2 on improving @entity4 reproduction traits.

title: Effects of breed, parity, and @entity2 supplement on the expression of XXXX metabolism genes in endometrial and embryonic tissues from sows in early pregnancy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study investigated changes in left ventricular (LV) geometry and systolic function after corrective surgery for atrial ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Transesophageal LV short-axis echocardiograms were recorded before and after operative repair of @entity2 (n = 11) and @entity1 (n = 7). Preload was measured using LV end-diastolic area indexed for body surface area. Measurements of septal-freewall (D1) and anterior-posterior (D2) endocardial diameters were used to assess LV symmetry from D1/D2. Systolic indices included @entity0 area, area ejection fraction, and fractional @entity3 . RESULTS: Preload, @entity0 area, area ejection fraction, and fractional @entity3 of D1 increased after @entity2 repair but decreased after @entity1 repair (p < 0.05). End-diastolic symmetry increased after @entity2 closure and decreased after @entity1 closure (p < 0.05). Increases in @entity0 area and ejection fraction after @entity2 correction primarily reflected increased @entity3 of D1. A positive correlation was found overall between percent change in end-diastolic area (EDA) and percent change in area ejection fraction (r(2) = 0.80, p < 0.0001, n = 18). CONCLUSIONS: Preload was the primary determinant of changes in LV function in this series of @entity2 and @entity1 repairs. Intraoperative changes in position of the interventricular septum affected systolic and diastolic LV symmetry and septal free wall @entity3 . Additional studies are needed to define changes in afterload and contractility as well as diastolic compliance and systolic mechanics.

title: Echocardiographic analysis of ventricular geometry and function during repair of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence of @entity5 and their relationship with albumin excretion and microalbuminuria in adolescents with type 1 @entity0 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study population comprised 895 young subjects with type 1 @entity0 (490 males); median age at the baseline assessment was 14.5 years (range 10-21.1), and median @entity0 duration was 4.8 years (0.2-17). A total of 2,194 nonfasting blood samples were collected longitudinally for determination of total @entity1 , LDL @entity1 , HDL @entity1 , TG, and non-HDL @entity1 . Additional annually collected data on anthropometric parameters, @entity4 , and albumin-to- @entity2 ratio (ACR) were available. RESULTS: Total @entity1 , LDL @entity1 , HDL @entity1 , and non-HDL @entity1 were higher in females than in males (all P < 0.001). A significant proportion of subjects presented sustained @entity5 during follow-up: total @entity1 >5.2 mmol/l (18.6%), non-HDL @entity1 >3.4 mmol/l (25.9%), TG >1.7 mmol/l (20.1%), and LDL @entity1 >3.4 mmol/l (9.6%). Age and duration were significantly related to all lipid parameters (P < 0.001); @entity4 was independently related to all parameters (P < 0.001) except HDL @entity1 , whereas BMI SD scores were related to all parameters (P < 0.05) except total @entity1 . Total @entity1 and non-HDL @entity1 were independently related to longitudinal changes in ACR (B coefficient +/- SE): 0.03 +/- 0.01/1 mmol/l, P = 0.009, and 0.32 +/- 0.014/1 mmol/l, P = 0.02, respectively. Overall mean total @entity1 and non-HDL @entity1 were higher in microalbuminuria positive (n = 115) than in normoalbuminuric subjects (n = 780): total @entity1 4.7 +/- 1.2 vs. 4.5 +/- 0.8 mmol/l (P = 0.04) and non-HDL @entity1 3.2 +/- 1.2 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.8 mmol/l (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In this longitudinal study of adolescents with type 1 @entity0 , sustained @entity5 were related to age, duration, BMI, and @entity4 . Furthermore, ACR was related to both total @entity1 and non-HDL @entity1 , indicating a potential role in the pathogenesis of @entity3 .

title: Prevalence of abnormal lipid profiles and the relationship with the development of microalbuminuria in adolescents with type 1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess two physician learning interventions designed to improve safety and quality of @entity1 care delivered by primary care physicians (PCPs). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This group randomized clinical trial included 57 consenting PCPs and their 2,020 eligible adult @entity0 with @entity1 . Physicians were randomized to no intervention (group A), a simulated case-based physician learning intervention (group B), or the same simulated case-based learning intervention with physician opinion leader feedback (group C). Dependent variables included @entity6 values, LDL @entity3 values, pharmacotherapy intensification rates in @entity0 not at clinical goals, and risky prescribing events. RESULTS: Groups B and C had substantial reductions in risky prescribing of @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity2 (P = 0.03). Compared with groups A and C, physicians in group B achieved slightly better glycemic control (P = 0.04), but physician intensification of oral @entity4 -lowering medications was not affected by interventions (P = 0.41). Lipid management improved over time (P < 0.001) but did not differ across study groups (P = 0.67). CONCLUSIONS: A simulated, case-based learning intervention for physicians significantly reduced risky prescribing events and marginally improved glycemic control in actual @entity0 . The addition of opinion leader feedback did not improve the learning intervention. Refinement and further development of this approach is warranted.

title: Simulated physician learning intervention to improve safety and quality of XXXX care: a randomized trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Authorities advocate that resistance and aerobic exercise are essential for reducing risk factors for @entity1 and disability in older adults. However, the incremental effects of combined resistance and aerobic exercise compared with either modality alone on risk factors for disease and disability is generally unknown. METHODS: @entity0 were 136 sedentary, abdominally obese older @entity0 and @entity0 recruited from September 30, 2002, through November 15, 2006, at Queen's University. @entity0 were randomized to 1 of the following 4 groups for 6 months: resistance exercise, aerobic exercise, resistance and aerobic exercise (combined exercise), or nonexercise control. Primary outcomes were analyzed by an intent-to-treat model and included changes in @entity3 resistance by @entity2 and functional limitation using the average change in 4 tests combined (average z score). RESULTS: After controlling for age, sex, and baseline value, @entity3 resistance improved compared with controls in the aerobic exercise and the combined exercise groups but not in the resistance exercise group. Improvement (mean [SE]) in the combined exercise group was greater than in the resistance exercise group (9.2 [1.3] vs 1.8 [1.3] mg/mL/microIU per kilogram of skeletal muscle per minute x100 [P < .001]) but not in the aerobic exercise group (9.2 [1.3] vs 6.5 [1.3] mg/mL/microIU per kilogram of skeletal muscle per minute x100 [P = .46]). Functional limitation improved significantly in all groups compared with the control group. Improvement in the combined exercise group was greater than in the aerobic exercise group (0.5 [0.1] vs -0.0 [0.1]; standard units, z score [P = .003]) but not in the resistance exercise group. Improvement in the resistance exercise group was not different from the aerobic exercise group. CONCLUSION: The combination of resistance and aerobic exercise was the optimal exercise strategy for simultaneous reduction in @entity3 resistance and functional limitation in previously sedentary, abdominally obese older adults. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00520858.

title: Effects of exercise modality on XXXX resistance and functional limitation in older adults: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: EMR has emerged as an alternative therapeutic option for selected cases of early @entity1 (ECC). However, the factors associated with resectability and curability of EMR for ECC remain unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical outcomes and factors related to resectability and curability in ECC cases treated with EMR. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Tertiary-care academic medical center. @entity0 : This study involved all @entity0 in whom EMR was performed for ECC at Severance Hospital between March 1997 and August 2007. A total of 236 cases of ECC occurring in 231 @entity0 (66.2% @entity0 ) were enrolled. INTERVENTION: EMR. Curative surgical resection and lymph node dissection were used in cases that were incompletely cured by EMR. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Resectability, curability, and recurrence. RESULTS: Complete cure was achieved for 162 lesions (68.6%). Of the remaining 74 cases (31.4%), 69 (29.2%) were incompletely cured, and the other 5 (2.1%) had an undetermined resection status and ultimately required supplementary surgical resection for curative treatment. Location on the right side of the colon, piecemeal resection, and @entity2 were independently associated with incomplete resection, whereas @entity3 type was independently related to incomplete cure. Among the ECC cases completely cured by EMR and followed for more than a year (n = 118), local recurrence was observed in one case (0.8%) during the median follow-up period of 39.4 months (range 12.4-123.1 months). LIMITATIONS: Single-center, retrospective study. CONCLUSION: Our data show that EMR is feasible and could be an effective option for treatment of ECC if the technique is applied with the appropriate indications.

title: Clinical outcomes and factors related to resectability and curability of EMR for early XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the hormonal, ultrasonographic, and color Doppler parameters in a population-based follow-up study of female childhood @entity1 survivors with regular menstrual cycle and normal early follicular FSH values. DESIGN: Controlled, prospective clinical study. SETTING: University hospital. @entity0 (S): Twenty-eight female @entity0 affected by a @entity1 during childhood and 14 age-matched healthy controls. INTERVENTION(S): Hormonal, ultrasonographic, and color Doppler analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): In the midluteal phase of the cycle, the @entity0 underwent hormonal assay of gonadotropins, E2, and P; ultrasonographic evaluation of the uterine and ovarian volume, the endometrial thickness, and of the corpus luteum characteristics; color Doppler analysis of uterine, intraovarian, and periluteal arteries. RESULT(S): A greater uterine volume and a better utero-ovarian vascularization was observed in controls in comparison with @entity1 survivors. In @entity0 who suffered from childhood @entity1 the P values were lower than in controls. On the basis of circulating P (> or < 20 nmol/L) values, we divided the former group in ovulatory and nonovulatory @entity0 . We observed that even if there were no differences between ovulatory @entity1 survivors and controls, the nonovulatory group showed a reduced uterine volume associated with elevated resistance at the level of uterine and intraovarian arteries. Among these two groups the time elapsed between the diagnosis of @entity1 and menarche was shorter in nonovulatory than in ovulatory @entity0 , and was directly correlated with both uterine volume (r = 0.660) and ovarian volume (r = 0.597). CONCLUSION(S): Ultrasonographic and Doppler analyses may noninvasively study the subtle utero-ovarian modification after anticancer therapies.

title: Utero-ovarian ultrasonographic and Doppler flow analyses in female childhood XXXX survivors with regular menstruation and normal circulating follicle-stimulating hormone levels.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To correlate apoptosis of cultured @entity0 granulosa-lutein cells (GL cells) with the outcome of IVF ( @entity2 and pregnancy rate) and to study the effect of @entity3 ( @entity1 ) on apoptosis. DESIGN: In vitro assays. SETTING: University laboratory and private IVF center. @entity0 (S): Eighty-one @entity0 undergoing IVF. INTERVENTION(S): Purified @entity0 GL cells from pooled follicles were cultured for 48 hours in serum-free media with or without @entity3 and @entity1 . Cumulus cells and mural GL cells were evaluated separately. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Detection of apoptosis by using caspACE FITC-VAD-FMK, a fluorescent in situ marker for activated caspases; @entity2 ; and pregnancy. RESULT(S): Age younger than 38 years and successful pregnancy were associated with less apoptosis (33.0% +/- 17.2% vs. 43.2% +/- 18.0% and 30.2% +/- 14.0% vs. 40.4% +/- 19.5%, respectively). There was a linear correlation between @entity2 and GL cell apoptosis. @entity1 decreased apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. A statistically significant effect (17% decrease) was reached at a dose of 10 nM. @entity3 (10 nM) caused a small (8%) decrease in apoptosis, but this effect did not reach statistical significance. Cumulus cells consistently had <3% apoptosis. CONCLUSION(S): [1] Apoptosis of cultured GL cells may be associated with IVF outcome and ovarian reserve and [2] @entity1 decreases apoptosis of cultured GL cells.

title: Apoptosis of cultured granulosa-lutein cells is reduced by @entity1 and may correlate with XXXX and pregnancy rate.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To correlate apoptosis of cultured @entity0 granulosa-lutein cells (GL cells) with the outcome of IVF ( @entity2 and pregnancy rate) and to study the effect of @entity3 ( @entity1 ) on apoptosis. DESIGN: In vitro assays. SETTING: University laboratory and private IVF center. @entity0 (S): Eighty-one @entity0 undergoing IVF. INTERVENTION(S): Purified @entity0 GL cells from pooled follicles were cultured for 48 hours in serum-free media with or without @entity3 and @entity1 . Cumulus cells and mural GL cells were evaluated separately. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Detection of apoptosis by using caspACE FITC-VAD-FMK, a fluorescent in situ marker for activated caspases; @entity2 ; and pregnancy. RESULT(S): Age younger than 38 years and successful pregnancy were associated with less apoptosis (33.0% +/- 17.2% vs. 43.2% +/- 18.0% and 30.2% +/- 14.0% vs. 40.4% +/- 19.5%, respectively). There was a linear correlation between @entity2 and GL cell apoptosis. @entity1 decreased apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. A statistically significant effect (17% decrease) was reached at a dose of 10 nM. @entity3 (10 nM) caused a small (8%) decrease in apoptosis, but this effect did not reach statistical significance. Cumulus cells consistently had <3% apoptosis. CONCLUSION(S): [1] Apoptosis of cultured GL cells may be associated with IVF outcome and ovarian reserve and [2] @entity1 decreases apoptosis of cultured GL cells.

title: Apoptosis of cultured granulosa-lutein cells is reduced by XXXX and may correlate with @entity2 and pregnancy rate.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity2 due to @entity6 is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adult @entity1 @entity0 . In @entity0 , signs of subclinical @entity6 such as increased @entity4 ( @entity4 ) of the common carotid arteries have been detected in several studies. However, concerns may arise about the different analyzing methods used because measurements in @entity0 and controls differ significantly. @entity0 AND METHODS: We studied 208 @entity0 [150 @entity0 with @entity1 , mean age (+/-sd) 13.9 +/- 2.8 yr, 66 males, mean glycosylated hemoglobin (+/-sd) 7.8 +/- 1.4%, and 58 healthy controls, mean age (+/-sd) 14.1 +/- 3.1 yr, 32 males] and used normal @entity4 values published recently for comparison of the results. RESULTS: Of 150 @entity0 , 37 had an increased @entity4 [mean @entity4 (+/-sd) 1.6 +/- 0.6], whereas healthy controls had nearly normal @entity4 values [mean @entity4 (+/-sd) 0.3 +/- 0.1; P < 0.001]. Age at onset of @entity1 , mean daily @entity7 dosage, systolic blood pressure, and total @entity5 level were significantly related to @entity4 in a multilinear regression model. A total of 25 @entity1 @entity0 were @entity3 and had a significantly increased @entity4 (mean @entity4 0.475 +/- 0.03 mm) compared to the remaining @entity0 (mean @entity4 0.459 +/- 0.02 mm; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity4 measurement detected subclinical @entity6 in a large cohort of @entity1 @entity0 . Systolic blood pressure, total @entity5 level, @entity7 dosage, and age at onset of the disease were significantly related to the @entity4 . Longitudinal measurements may help to identify @entity0 at special risk for @entity6 changes and @entity2 .

title: Age of onset of type 1 XXXX in @entity0 and carotid intima medial thickness.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity2 due to @entity6 is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adult @entity1 @entity0 . In @entity0 , signs of subclinical @entity6 such as increased @entity4 ( @entity4 ) of the common carotid arteries have been detected in several studies. However, concerns may arise about the different analyzing methods used because measurements in @entity0 and controls differ significantly. @entity0 AND METHODS: We studied 208 @entity0 [150 @entity0 with @entity1 , mean age (+/-sd) 13.9 +/- 2.8 yr, 66 males, mean glycosylated hemoglobin (+/-sd) 7.8 +/- 1.4%, and 58 healthy controls, mean age (+/-sd) 14.1 +/- 3.1 yr, 32 males] and used normal @entity4 values published recently for comparison of the results. RESULTS: Of 150 @entity0 , 37 had an increased @entity4 [mean @entity4 (+/-sd) 1.6 +/- 0.6], whereas healthy controls had nearly normal @entity4 values [mean @entity4 (+/-sd) 0.3 +/- 0.1; P < 0.001]. Age at onset of @entity1 , mean daily @entity7 dosage, systolic blood pressure, and total @entity5 level were significantly related to @entity4 in a multilinear regression model. A total of 25 @entity1 @entity0 were @entity3 and had a significantly increased @entity4 (mean @entity4 0.475 +/- 0.03 mm) compared to the remaining @entity0 (mean @entity4 0.459 +/- 0.02 mm; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity4 measurement detected subclinical @entity6 in a large cohort of @entity1 @entity0 . Systolic blood pressure, total @entity5 level, @entity7 dosage, and age at onset of the disease were significantly related to the @entity4 . Longitudinal measurements may help to identify @entity0 at special risk for @entity6 changes and @entity2 .

title: Age of onset of type 1 @entity1 in XXXX and carotid intima medial thickness.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term significance of normocalcemic @entity4 elevation (NPE) after successful parathyroidectomy for sporadic @entity1 remains unclear. METHOD: Of 239 consecutive @entity0 who underwent targeted parathyroidectomy with intraoperative @entity4 monitoring, 96 were followed for >=  10 years. NPE was defined as a normal serum @entity2 level and @entity4 ( @entity3 ) above the normal reference range >=  6 months after successful parathyroidectomy. Recurrence was defined as elevated serum @entity2 and @entity3 levels >=  6 months after parathyroidectomy. Risk factors for NPE, patterns of postoperative @entity3 variation, and 10-year outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 96 @entity0 followed >=  10 years, 42 had postoperative NPE. Only male gender (P = .008) was a risk factor for NPE, and NPE did not predict recurrence. Three patterns of postoperative NPE were identified in @entity0 with >=  3 @entity3 measurements over this 10-year period. Group 1 (n = 11): 1 to 2 consecutive @entity3 elevations; none recurred, and most were explained by physiologic variation. Group 2 (n = 23): multiple @entity3 fluctuations; 3 recurred, and almost all had physiologic variations. Group 3 (n = 4): @entity3 always elevated; 2 recurred. CONCLUSION: Postoperative NPE may be a dynamic, reversible, and transient clinical entity that does not predict recurrence. Nevertheless, @entity0 with postoperative NPE should be monitored and an attempt made to correct any obvious potential causes of @entity3 elevation.

title: Normocalcemic XXXX elevation after successful parathyroidectomy: long-term analysis of @entity4 variations over 10 years.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term significance of normocalcemic @entity4 elevation (NPE) after successful parathyroidectomy for sporadic @entity1 remains unclear. METHOD: Of 239 consecutive @entity0 who underwent targeted parathyroidectomy with intraoperative @entity4 monitoring, 96 were followed for >=  10 years. NPE was defined as a normal serum @entity2 level and @entity4 ( @entity3 ) above the normal reference range >=  6 months after successful parathyroidectomy. Recurrence was defined as elevated serum @entity2 and @entity3 levels >=  6 months after parathyroidectomy. Risk factors for NPE, patterns of postoperative @entity3 variation, and 10-year outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 96 @entity0 followed >=  10 years, 42 had postoperative NPE. Only male gender (P = .008) was a risk factor for NPE, and NPE did not predict recurrence. Three patterns of postoperative NPE were identified in @entity0 with >=  3 @entity3 measurements over this 10-year period. Group 1 (n = 11): 1 to 2 consecutive @entity3 elevations; none recurred, and most were explained by physiologic variation. Group 2 (n = 23): multiple @entity3 fluctuations; 3 recurred, and almost all had physiologic variations. Group 3 (n = 4): @entity3 always elevated; 2 recurred. CONCLUSION: Postoperative NPE may be a dynamic, reversible, and transient clinical entity that does not predict recurrence. Nevertheless, @entity0 with postoperative NPE should be monitored and an attempt made to correct any obvious potential causes of @entity3 elevation.

title: Normocalcemic @entity4 elevation after successful parathyroidectomy: long-term analysis of XXXX variations over 10 years.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate possible predictors of remission, normalized physical function, and work change in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: We determined in our early @entity3 cohort the proportion of @entity0 in remission [Disease Activity Score (DAS28)<2.6], with normalized function [ @entity2 ( @entity2 ) = 0], and with changed working situation since disease onset. Candidate predictors of remission, normalized function, and work change were studied by subgroup comparison and logistic regression analysis, including demographics, education, rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, treatment, and DAS28, @entity2 , @entity1 (on the visual analogue scale, VAS). RESULTS: Median (interquartile range, IQR) disease duration was 18 (29) months. Of 89 @entity0 included, 69% were in remission. DAS28, @entity2 , @entity1 of these @entity0 were lower throughout year 1, although similar at baseline, compared to @entity0 not in remission. At month 4, more of these @entity0 were already good responders. Remission at month 4 independently predicted remission at follow-up. Thirty-eight per cent had no functional limitations; compared to @entity0 with limitations, they had a lower baseline @entity2 and lower DAS28, @entity2 , @entity1 during year 1. At month 4, more achieved remission or @entity2 = 0. Male sex, baseline @entity2 , and month 4 good European League Against @entity4 (EULAR) response predicted long-term @entity2 = 0, but month 4 @entity2 = 0 was the strongest independent predictor. Of the 40% with a paid job at baseline, 43.8% reported changes in their work situation; they had higher DAS28, @entity2 , @entity1 during year 1. Failing a month 4 good EULAR response independently predicted work change. CONCLUSION: Month 4 disease response predicts later remission, normalized physical function, and work change in @entity3 .

title: Predictors of remission, normalized physical function, and changes in the working situation during follow-up of @entity0 with early XXXX : an observational study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate possible predictors of remission, normalized physical function, and work change in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: We determined in our early @entity3 cohort the proportion of @entity0 in remission [Disease Activity Score (DAS28)<2.6], with normalized function [ @entity2 ( @entity2 ) = 0], and with changed working situation since disease onset. Candidate predictors of remission, normalized function, and work change were studied by subgroup comparison and logistic regression analysis, including demographics, education, rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, treatment, and DAS28, @entity2 , @entity1 (on the visual analogue scale, VAS). RESULTS: Median (interquartile range, IQR) disease duration was 18 (29) months. Of 89 @entity0 included, 69% were in remission. DAS28, @entity2 , @entity1 of these @entity0 were lower throughout year 1, although similar at baseline, compared to @entity0 not in remission. At month 4, more of these @entity0 were already good responders. Remission at month 4 independently predicted remission at follow-up. Thirty-eight per cent had no functional limitations; compared to @entity0 with limitations, they had a lower baseline @entity2 and lower DAS28, @entity2 , @entity1 during year 1. At month 4, more achieved remission or @entity2 = 0. Male sex, baseline @entity2 , and month 4 good European League Against @entity4 (EULAR) response predicted long-term @entity2 = 0, but month 4 @entity2 = 0 was the strongest independent predictor. Of the 40% with a paid job at baseline, 43.8% reported changes in their work situation; they had higher DAS28, @entity2 , @entity1 during year 1. Failing a month 4 good EULAR response independently predicted work change. CONCLUSION: Month 4 disease response predicts later remission, normalized physical function, and work change in @entity3 .

title: Predictors of remission, normalized physical function, and changes in the working situation during follow-up of XXXX with early @entity3 : an observational study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A masked facial expression, one of the hallmark features of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), can form the basis for misattributions by others about a @entity0 's mood or interest levels. Reports of preserved intensity of internal emotional experience in @entity1 @entity0 raise the question of whether @entity0 are aware of their outward expressivity levels. The aim of the present study was to determine whether @entity1 @entity0 exhibit deficits in overall emotional expressivity, and if so, whether they are aware of these deficits. We evaluated 37 non-demented @entity1 @entity0 and 21 comparison @entity0 using the Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ). To examine awareness of emotional expressivity, we compared @entity0 self-ratings of their own expressivity to ratings made by family members or close friends. @entity0 also completed questionnaires regarding @entity2 and apathy and underwent motor examination and cognitive screening. @entity1 @entity0 ' self-ratings of emotional expressivity were significantly lower than comparison @entity0 ' self-ratings. Even so, the @entity1 @entity0 viewed themselves as experiencing equivalent levels of emotional intensity to comparison @entity0 , based on analysis of the BEQ subscales. Informant and @entity1 @entity0 self-ratings did not differ, indicating that @entity1 @entity0 accurately appraise the extent of their reduced expressivity. These findings suggest that anosognosia for emotional expressivity is not a prominent feature of nondemented @entity1 . Importantly, @entity1 @entity0 are aware of their reduced expressivity and report experiencing emotions as intensely as comparison @entity0 . These findings highlight the view that diminished emotional expressivity in @entity1 should not be mistaken for decreased subjective emotional experience.

title: Awareness of expressivity deficits in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Adequate evaluation of @entity0 resection at surgery continues to be an important issue in surgical care, as over 30% of @entity4 recur locally unless radiation is used to destroy remaining @entity1 cells in the field. Medical Hyperspectral Imaging (MHSI) delivers near-real time images of biomarkers in tissue, providing an assessment of pathophysiology and the potential to distinguish different tissues based on spectral characteristics. METHODS: We have used an experimental @entity5 -induced @entity2 @entity0 model to examine the intraoperative utility of MHSI, in distinguishing @entity1 from normal breast and other tissues. @entity2 @entity1 underwent surgical exposure and MHSI imaging, followed by partial resection of the @entity1 , then MHSI imaging of the resection bed, and finally total resection of @entity1 and of grossly normal-appearing glands. Resected tissue underwent gross examination, MHSI imaging, and histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: An algorithm based on spectral characteristics of tissue types was developed to distinguish between @entity1 and normal tissues. Tissues including @entity1 , blood vessels, muscle, and connective tissue were clearly identified and differentiated by MHSI. Fragments of @entity3 0.5-1 mm in size intentionally left in the operative bed were readily identified. MHSI demonstrated a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 94% for @entity3 , comparable to that of histopathological examination of the @entity1 bed (85% and 92%, respectively). CONCLUSION: We conclude that MHSI may be useful in identifying small @entity3 in a @entity1 resection bed and for indicating areas requiring more extensive resection and more effective biopsy locations to the surgeon.

title: Medical hyperspectral imaging to facilitate XXXX identification during surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and angiotensin II type I receptor ( @entity7 ) antagonists are commonly used as a treatment for @entity4 . Recent experimental and population studies have suggested that these agents may exert an inhibitory effect on malignancy, possibly through anti-angiogenic pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an ACE-I ( @entity5 ) and an @entity7 antagonist ( @entity6 ) in @entity1 . METHODS: The effect of @entity5 and @entity6 on @entity0 growth was investigated in a @entity2 model using quantitative stereological and histological analysis. @entity0 microcirculation was assessed by microvascular resin casting. A survival study was also carried out. RESULTS: Both @entity5 and @entity6 markedly decreased @entity0 growth when compared to control (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in survival or @entity0 @entity3 for either of the drugs. @entity0 microvasculature exhibited a reduction in central microvascular density, with constriction and tapering of vessels. CONCLUSION: @entity5 and @entity6 caused a marked reduction in volume of @entity1 and caused changes in @entity0 microvasculature. However, there was no difference in percentage @entity0 @entity3 or improvements in survival. Further investigation is needed to identify the mode of action of these agents.

title: Effect of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in a @entity2 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and angiotensin II type I receptor ( @entity7 ) antagonists are commonly used as a treatment for @entity4 . Recent experimental and population studies have suggested that these agents may exert an inhibitory effect on malignancy, possibly through anti-angiogenic pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an ACE-I ( @entity5 ) and an @entity7 antagonist ( @entity6 ) in @entity1 . METHODS: The effect of @entity5 and @entity6 on @entity0 growth was investigated in a @entity2 model using quantitative stereological and histological analysis. @entity0 microcirculation was assessed by microvascular resin casting. A survival study was also carried out. RESULTS: Both @entity5 and @entity6 markedly decreased @entity0 growth when compared to control (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in survival or @entity0 @entity3 for either of the drugs. @entity0 microvasculature exhibited a reduction in central microvascular density, with constriction and tapering of vessels. CONCLUSION: @entity5 and @entity6 caused a marked reduction in volume of @entity1 and caused changes in @entity0 microvasculature. However, there was no difference in percentage @entity0 @entity3 or improvements in survival. Further investigation is needed to identify the mode of action of these agents.

title: Effect of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in a XXXX model of @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Besides International Prognostic Index, many parameters have proven prognostic significance in @entity1 . However, the most appropriate system of risk stratification in @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is not yet clear. In this study, we attempt to clarify the prognostic value of platelet count at the onset of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2000 and December 2009, 100 @entity0 with @entity8 receiving R-CEOP (rituximab, @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity2 ) in a single institution were enrolled. @entity0 characteristics and survival outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Before front-line treatment, 17 @entity0 with @entity5 (< 150   10(9)/L) and 83 @entity0 without @entity5 were enrolled. @entity5 @entity0 initially presented with more B symptoms (P = .040), more bone marrow involvement (P = .001), later staging (P = .001), and higher International Prognostic Index (P < .001). @entity5 was shown to be an independently poor prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis of overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 3.405; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.431-8.101; P = .006) and progression-free survival (HR, 4.299; 95% CI, 1.786-10.343; P = .001). CONCLUSION: Platelet count at diagnosis is a simple but useful indicator for predicting survival outcomes of @entity8 . Although the mechanisms of @entity5 may be complex in @entity3 , further investigations are warranted to illustrate the predictive merit.

title: Prognostic value of platelet count in XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although lateral retinacular release (LR) surgery has historically been one of the most commonly used arthroscopic procedures for the treatment of patellar instability and anterior knee @entity1 , it may be associated with complications and poor functional outcome measures. PURPOSE: To examine the clinical efficacy of open lateral retinacular closure (LRC), a novel but technically simple procedure in the treatment of disabling anterolateral knee @entity1 , @entity2 , and positive medial patellar apprehension testing in @entity0 who have undergone prior arthroscopic LR surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: The records of 22 @entity0 who had previously undergone an arthroscopic LR and underwent a diagnostic arthroscopy and LRC were reviewed. Physical examination findings and symptoms after prior LR surgery, duration between LR and LRC surgeries, and arthroscopic findings immediately before LRC were analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative Lysholm knee scores and activity levels were compared, and subjective satisfaction ratings assessed. RESULTS: Average follow-up after LRC was 3.2 years. Mean preoperative Lysholm knee score was 46.5 (range, 25-90), which improved postoperatively to a mean score of 86 (range, 48-100). Fourteen percent of @entity0 subjectively rated their preoperative function as fair and 86% as poor. Postoperatively, 82% rated themselves as good or excellent and 18% as fair, with all @entity0 improving from the LRC procedure. All @entity0 stated that they would have the procedure again for the same problem. CONCLUSION: Open LRC provides significant @entity1 relief and improvement in functional knee outcome scores in @entity0 with persistent @entity1 and @entity2 at the site of a previous lateral release and a positive medial patellar apprehension test. Lateral release procedures should be considered with caution. For @entity0 with anterolateral knee @entity1 and symptoms of medial patellar instability after lateral release, LRC may provide symptomatic relief and functional improvement.

title: Open lateral retinacular closure surgery for treatment of anterolateral knee XXXX and disability after arthroscopic lateral retinacular release.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment outcome of different methods for reduction and fixation of isolated zygomatic @entity2 using degree of displacement as a guide to classify @entity0 into closed and open reduction groups. METHODS: This Clinical Trial was conducted at de' Montmorency College of Dentistry/Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore between 21st July 2000 and 30th June 2003. Sixty @entity0 with isolated zygomatic @entity2 were assigned to open and closed reduction groups of treatment depending on the degree of @entity2 . Adequacy of reduction was evaluated by comparing pre and post operative radiographs. Aesthetic outcome was assessed by biometric evaluation. RESULTS: Reduction was adequate in all @entity0 except four. In two of four no @entity1 was apparent. No @entity0 showed post surgical change in position of reduced zygomatic bone. Biometric evaluation revealed acceptable aesthetics and adequate mouth opening in all except two @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that displacement of 2 mm at any of the fractured site on occipitomental radiographs can be successfully used as a criterion to assign @entity0 into open and closed reduction groups, for treatment of isolated zygomatic @entity2 .

title: Choice of operative method for management of isolated zygomatic XXXX ; evidence based study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The complement system is important in both innate and adaptive host defense against microbial infection in vertebrates. It contains three pathways: the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways. Complement component factors B and D are two crucial proteases in the alternative pathway. In this study, the genes of complement factors Bf/C2 and Df from @entity1 , @entity1 were identified and characterized. Two @entity4 -related genes, Bf/ @entity2 and Bf/C2B, and factor D gene Df were identified. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Bf/ @entity2 and Bf/C2B is likely orthologous to factor B and factor C2, respectively. Southern blot results suggested that these three genes are all single-copy genes in the catfish genome. The catfish Bf/ @entity2 , Bf/C2B and Df genes were genetically mapped on linkage group 3, 20 and 29, respectively. Bf/ @entity2 and Bf/C2B are highly expressed in liver and kidney, while Df is highly expressed in gill and spleen. After infection with @entity3 , the expression of Bf/ @entity2 , Bf/C2B and Df genes were found to be remarkably induced in the gill, liver, spleen and kidney at some sampling times, indicating that these three complement factors play a pivotal role in immune responses after the @entity0 in catfish.

title: Alternative complement pathway of XXXX ( @entity1 ): molecular characterization, mapping and expression analysis of factors Bf/C2 and Df.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The complement system is important in both innate and adaptive host defense against microbial infection in vertebrates. It contains three pathways: the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways. Complement component factors B and D are two crucial proteases in the alternative pathway. In this study, the genes of complement factors Bf/C2 and Df from @entity1 , @entity1 were identified and characterized. Two @entity4 -related genes, Bf/ @entity2 and Bf/C2B, and factor D gene Df were identified. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Bf/ @entity2 and Bf/C2B is likely orthologous to factor B and factor C2, respectively. Southern blot results suggested that these three genes are all single-copy genes in the catfish genome. The catfish Bf/ @entity2 , Bf/C2B and Df genes were genetically mapped on linkage group 3, 20 and 29, respectively. Bf/ @entity2 and Bf/C2B are highly expressed in liver and kidney, while Df is highly expressed in gill and spleen. After infection with @entity3 , the expression of Bf/ @entity2 , Bf/C2B and Df genes were found to be remarkably induced in the gill, liver, spleen and kidney at some sampling times, indicating that these three complement factors play a pivotal role in immune responses after the @entity0 in catfish.

title: Alternative complement pathway of @entity1 ( XXXX ): molecular characterization, mapping and expression analysis of factors Bf/C2 and Df.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neuroplasticity associated with drug-induced behavioral sensitization has been associated with excessive drug pursuit and consumption characteristic of addiction. Repeated intraperitoneal (ip) injections of @entity2 ( @entity1 ) can induce psychomotor sensitization in @entity0 . In terms of its clinical relevance, however, it is important to determine whether this phenomenon can also be produced by voluntary @entity1 consumption. METHODS: The present investigation used a drinking-in-the-dark (DID) methodology to induce high levels of @entity1 drinking in @entity0 ; @entity1 replaces water for 2 or 4h, starting 3h after the beginning of the dark cycle. Animals followed a 3-week DID protocol prior to an evaluation of @entity1 -induced locomotor activity (acute and repeated @entity1 ). For the first week, animals had access to 20% @entity1 . On weeks 2 and 3, different concentrations of @entity1 (10, 20 or 30%) were used. Three different inbred strains of @entity0 were used: C57BL/6J (B6), BALB/cByJ (BALB), and CXBK. The CXBK @entity0 line was used because of its reduced expression and functioning of brain mu-opioid receptors, which have been suggested to participate in the development of @entity1 -induced sensitization. B6 and BALB @entity0 were used as controls. RESULTS: B6 and CXBK @entity0 presented comparable levels of @entity1 drinking (approx. 3g/kg in 2h), that were higher than those showed by BALB. All animals, regardless of genotype, adjusted volume of @entity1 intake to obtain stable g/kg of @entity1 across concentrations. Previous @entity1 DID produced (B6) or potentiated (BALB) sensitization to @entity1 ; this effect was not seen in CXBK. Western blot analysis showed a reduced number of mu-opioid receptors in several brain regions of CXBK as compared to that of B6 and BALB @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: In summary, here we show that the DID methodology can be used to trigger @entity1 -induced neuroplasticity supporting psychomotor sensitization, a process that might require participation of mu-opioid receptors.

title: XXXX drinking-in-the-dark facilitates behavioral sensitization to @entity2 in C57BL/6J, BALB/cByJ, but not in mu-opioid receptor deficient CXBK @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neuroplasticity associated with drug-induced behavioral sensitization has been associated with excessive drug pursuit and consumption characteristic of addiction. Repeated intraperitoneal (ip) injections of @entity2 ( @entity1 ) can induce psychomotor sensitization in @entity0 . In terms of its clinical relevance, however, it is important to determine whether this phenomenon can also be produced by voluntary @entity1 consumption. METHODS: The present investigation used a drinking-in-the-dark (DID) methodology to induce high levels of @entity1 drinking in @entity0 ; @entity1 replaces water for 2 or 4h, starting 3h after the beginning of the dark cycle. Animals followed a 3-week DID protocol prior to an evaluation of @entity1 -induced locomotor activity (acute and repeated @entity1 ). For the first week, animals had access to 20% @entity1 . On weeks 2 and 3, different concentrations of @entity1 (10, 20 or 30%) were used. Three different inbred strains of @entity0 were used: C57BL/6J (B6), BALB/cByJ (BALB), and CXBK. The CXBK @entity0 line was used because of its reduced expression and functioning of brain mu-opioid receptors, which have been suggested to participate in the development of @entity1 -induced sensitization. B6 and BALB @entity0 were used as controls. RESULTS: B6 and CXBK @entity0 presented comparable levels of @entity1 drinking (approx. 3g/kg in 2h), that were higher than those showed by BALB. All animals, regardless of genotype, adjusted volume of @entity1 intake to obtain stable g/kg of @entity1 across concentrations. Previous @entity1 DID produced (B6) or potentiated (BALB) sensitization to @entity1 ; this effect was not seen in CXBK. Western blot analysis showed a reduced number of mu-opioid receptors in several brain regions of CXBK as compared to that of B6 and BALB @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: In summary, here we show that the DID methodology can be used to trigger @entity1 -induced neuroplasticity supporting psychomotor sensitization, a process that might require participation of mu-opioid receptors.

title: @entity2 drinking-in-the-dark facilitates behavioral sensitization to XXXX in C57BL/6J, BALB/cByJ, but not in mu-opioid receptor deficient CXBK @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neuroplasticity associated with drug-induced behavioral sensitization has been associated with excessive drug pursuit and consumption characteristic of addiction. Repeated intraperitoneal (ip) injections of @entity2 ( @entity1 ) can induce psychomotor sensitization in @entity0 . In terms of its clinical relevance, however, it is important to determine whether this phenomenon can also be produced by voluntary @entity1 consumption. METHODS: The present investigation used a drinking-in-the-dark (DID) methodology to induce high levels of @entity1 drinking in @entity0 ; @entity1 replaces water for 2 or 4h, starting 3h after the beginning of the dark cycle. Animals followed a 3-week DID protocol prior to an evaluation of @entity1 -induced locomotor activity (acute and repeated @entity1 ). For the first week, animals had access to 20% @entity1 . On weeks 2 and 3, different concentrations of @entity1 (10, 20 or 30%) were used. Three different inbred strains of @entity0 were used: C57BL/6J (B6), BALB/cByJ (BALB), and CXBK. The CXBK @entity0 line was used because of its reduced expression and functioning of brain mu-opioid receptors, which have been suggested to participate in the development of @entity1 -induced sensitization. B6 and BALB @entity0 were used as controls. RESULTS: B6 and CXBK @entity0 presented comparable levels of @entity1 drinking (approx. 3g/kg in 2h), that were higher than those showed by BALB. All animals, regardless of genotype, adjusted volume of @entity1 intake to obtain stable g/kg of @entity1 across concentrations. Previous @entity1 DID produced (B6) or potentiated (BALB) sensitization to @entity1 ; this effect was not seen in CXBK. Western blot analysis showed a reduced number of mu-opioid receptors in several brain regions of CXBK as compared to that of B6 and BALB @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: In summary, here we show that the DID methodology can be used to trigger @entity1 -induced neuroplasticity supporting psychomotor sensitization, a process that might require participation of mu-opioid receptors.

title: @entity2 drinking-in-the-dark facilitates behavioral sensitization to @entity2 in C57BL/6J, BALB/cByJ, but not in mu-opioid receptor deficient CXBK XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Different studies have reported of physical, social and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 . Nevertheless, its impact on the health-related quality of life is not clarified sufficiently. Our objective is to know the repercussion of the moderate-severe @entity4 on the health-related quality of life with the Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI). @entity0 AND METHOD: An observational, cross-sectional, international study developed in dermatology practices in Spain and Portugal. During a period of 9 months, 332 participating dermatologist included a minimum of 10 consecutive @entity0 with moderate to severe @entity4 . The date report form includes information about the health-related quality of life (PDI), as well as objective variables of severity as body surface area and PASI (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index), @entity1 , costs and willingness to pay. RESULTS: A total of 3,320 @entity0 were assessed. The majority of cases were males (57%) and the mean age at study inclusion time was 47 years. The mean value of the PDI was 8.93 (95% confidence interval, 7.83-9.21), which represents a percentage of @entity3 lower than 20%. The floor effect varies between 8.3% and 61.2%, and the ceiling effect varies between 0% and 3%. The correlations between the PDI and objective variables of severity (PASI and body surface area) were weak though statistically significant (p < 0.001) They all indicate that to higher severity of the @entity4 , upper negative impact in the health-related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Psoriasis causes a negative impact in the health-related quality of life, though the magnitudes are weak and suggest some problems with the questionnaire. Possibly, the PDI reflects more the disability that the form in which the @entity0 perceive and react to their state of health, and, several items seem to have a scanty applicability in the Spanish and Portuguese population. The PDI doesn't seem the appropriate instrument for this type of @entity0 in our environment.

title: [Impact of XXXX on health-related quality of life].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the status of haemoglobin- @entity1 affinity in @entity4 and investigate the potential to improve gas exchange, tissue oxygenation and outcome by manipulations of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve. DATA SOURCES: Articles and published peer-review abstracts. SUMMARY OF REVIEW: The @entity2 of a species is determined by natural selection according to animal size, tissue metabolic requirements and ambient @entity1 tension. In right to left shunting mathematical modeling indicates that an increased @entity2 defends capillary oxygenation, the one exception being sustained @entity3 . Increasing the @entity2 should also be protective in tissue ischaemia, and this is supported by modeling and experimental evidence. Most studies of critically ill @entity0 have indicated reduced @entity5 concentrations. This is probably due to acidaemia, and the in vivo @entity2 is likely to be normal despite low @entity5 levels. It may soon be possible to achieve significant @entity2 elevations without potentially harmful manipulations of acid-base balance or hazardous drug therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Despite encouraging theoretical and experimental data, it is not known whether manipulations of the @entity2 in @entity4 can improve gas exchange and tissue oxygenation or improve outcome. The status of the @entity2 may warrant more routine quantification and consideration along with the traditional determinants of tissue @entity1 availability.

title: The oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity2 ) consumption during pregnancy can lead to fetal @entity3 , @entity4 , and neurodevelopmental delay. The fetal brain initiates neurogenesis and vasculogenesis during the second trimester, and depends on maternal-fetal circulation for nutrition and growth signals. We used high-resolution in vivo ultrasound imaging to test the hypothesis that @entity2 interferes with fetal brain-directed blood flow during this critical developmental period. METHODS: Pregnant @entity0 were lightly anesthetized on gestational day 12 with an @entity6 / @entity1 mixture. We assessed the effect of single and repeated binge-like maternal @entity2 exposures at 3 g/kg, administered by intragastric gavage or intraperitoneal injection, on maternal circulation and fetal umbilical, aortic, internal carotid, and middle cerebral arterial circulation. RESULTS: Binge maternal @entity2 exposure, regardless of exposure route, significantly reduced fetal arterial blood acceleration and velocity time integral (VTI), from umbilical to cerebral arteries, without a change in fetal heart rate and resistivity indices. Importantly a single maternal binge @entity2 exposure induced persistent suppression of fetal arterial VTI for at least 24 hours. Repeated binge episodes resulted in a continuing and persistent suppression of fetal VTI. Qualitative assessments showed that maternal @entity2 exposure induced oscillatory, nondirectional blood flow in fetal cerebral arteries. Maternal cardiac and other physiological parameters remained unaltered. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that binge-type maternal @entity2 exposure results in rapid and persistent loss of blood flow from the umbilical artery to the fetal brain, potentially compromising nutrition and the maternal/fetal endocrine environment during a critical period for neuron formation and angiogenesis in the maturing brain.

title: XXXX exposure during pregnancy persistently attenuates cranially directed blood flow in the developing fetus: evidence from ultrasound imaging in a @entity0 second trimester equivalent model.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity2 ) consumption during pregnancy can lead to fetal @entity3 , @entity4 , and neurodevelopmental delay. The fetal brain initiates neurogenesis and vasculogenesis during the second trimester, and depends on maternal-fetal circulation for nutrition and growth signals. We used high-resolution in vivo ultrasound imaging to test the hypothesis that @entity2 interferes with fetal brain-directed blood flow during this critical developmental period. METHODS: Pregnant @entity0 were lightly anesthetized on gestational day 12 with an @entity6 / @entity1 mixture. We assessed the effect of single and repeated binge-like maternal @entity2 exposures at 3 g/kg, administered by intragastric gavage or intraperitoneal injection, on maternal circulation and fetal umbilical, aortic, internal carotid, and middle cerebral arterial circulation. RESULTS: Binge maternal @entity2 exposure, regardless of exposure route, significantly reduced fetal arterial blood acceleration and velocity time integral (VTI), from umbilical to cerebral arteries, without a change in fetal heart rate and resistivity indices. Importantly a single maternal binge @entity2 exposure induced persistent suppression of fetal arterial VTI for at least 24 hours. Repeated binge episodes resulted in a continuing and persistent suppression of fetal VTI. Qualitative assessments showed that maternal @entity2 exposure induced oscillatory, nondirectional blood flow in fetal cerebral arteries. Maternal cardiac and other physiological parameters remained unaltered. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that binge-type maternal @entity2 exposure results in rapid and persistent loss of blood flow from the umbilical artery to the fetal brain, potentially compromising nutrition and the maternal/fetal endocrine environment during a critical period for neuron formation and angiogenesis in the maturing brain.

title: @entity5 exposure during pregnancy persistently attenuates cranially directed blood flow in the developing fetus: evidence from ultrasound imaging in a XXXX second trimester equivalent model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 has been observed among @entity0 at increased risk for @entity1 . Researchers consider religiosity and spirituality (RS) to be positive coping mechanisms associated with @entity2 . Relatively little is known about the impact of RS on genomic health issues. The objectives of our study were: (1) describe the prevalence of RS and @entity3 and (2) explore how RS relates to @entity4 in a cohort of individuals with a > or =25% prior probability of a genetic predisposition to @entity1 . @entity0 (n = 99) were drawn from an African-American, Louisiana-based kindred with a mutation at the @entity5 locus. This analysis reports findings from a survey assessing RS and the use of three types of religious coping styles: collaborative, self-directing, and deferring. Clinically significant @entity3 were relatively high (27%); with females (33%) more likely than males (17%) to report symptoms (P < 0.01). The majority of @entity0 reported being highly religious. The most commonly employed religious problem solving style used by @entity0 was collaborative (X=22.9; SD=5.8) versus self-directing (X=12.8; SD = 5.1) and deferring (X=19.9; SD = 6.3). We did not observe significant associations between RS indicators and @entity4 , nor did we observe appreciable differences related to gender or risk perception. Although RS beliefs and practices are important for many African-Americans, we did not find evidence that indicators of self-reported RS are associated with @entity4 prior to genetic counseling and testing.

title: Religiosity, spirituality, and XXXX in African-Americans at risk for having a hereditary cancer predisposing gene mutation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This naturalistic study is a contribution to randomized controlled trials which reflect only a very limited part of @entity0 of the clinical practice and the relevance of guideline recommended treatment. METHODS: Adhering to quality assurance and development of treatment guidelines, 224 @entity0 were evaluated for the effectiveness of inpatient treatment of @entity1 by assessing admission and discharge @entity1 scores, response and remission rates. Furthermore @entity0 who were treated according to current guidelines (duration of treatment, dosage of antidepressants, combination of medication and psychotherapy) were compared to @entity0 who did not meet those criteria. Primary outcome measure was the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity1 (HAMD). Secondary outcome measures included Beck @entity1 Inventary (BDI). RESULTS: Mean HAMD-17 total score decreased from 28.9 to 8.0. Effect sizes d were similar to other naturalistic studies (d(HAMD) = 2.9; d(BDI) = 1.4); 84.4% of the @entity0 could reach complete or partial response criteria for the HAMD-17. @entity0 treated according to guidelines could reach remission in 73% of cases (HAMD) vs. 59.6% remission rate for non-guideline @entity0 . CONCLUSION: This trial shows high remission rates in inpatient treatment of @entity1 compared to similar effectiveness studies. Guideline according treatment might be superior to other treatment strategies.

title: Adherence to guidelines and effectiveness of inpatient treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous work demonstrated that the transcription factor, early growth response-1 ( @entity10 ), participates in the development of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) after chronic @entity5 ( @entity2 ) administration. Here, we determined the extent to which @entity10 is involved in @entity7 development in @entity0 subjected to acute @entity2 administration. METHODS: In acute studies, we treated both wild-type and @entity10 null @entity0 with either @entity2 or @entity6 -buffered saline (PBS) by gastric intubation. At various times after treatment, we harvested sera and livers and quantified endotoxin, indices of @entity1 , @entity7 , and hepatic @entity10 content. In chronic studies, groups of @entity0 were fed liquid diets containing either @entity2 or isocaloric @entity9 -dextrin for 7 to 8 weeks. RESULTS: Compared with controls, acute @entity2 -treated @entity0 showed a rapid, transient elevation in serum endotoxin beginning 30 minutes after treatment. One hour postgavage, livers from @entity2 -treated @entity0 exhibited a robust elevation of both @entity10 mRNA and protein. By 3 hours postgavage, liver @entity4 increased in @entity2 -treated @entity0 as did lipid peroxidation. Acute @entity2 treatment of @entity10 -null @entity0 showed no @entity10 expression, but these animals still developed elevated @entity8 , although significantly lower than @entity2 -fed wild-type littermates. Despite @entity7 , @entity2 -treated @entity10 null @entity0 exhibited greater @entity1 . After chronic @entity2 feeding, @entity7 and @entity3 were clearly evident, but there was no indication of elevated endotoxin. @entity10 levels in @entity2 -fed @entity0 were equal to those of pair-fed controls. CONCLUSIONS: Acute @entity2 administration induced the synthesis of @entity10 in @entity0 liver. However, despite its robust increase, the transcription factor had a smaller, albeit significant, function in @entity7 development after acute @entity2 treatment. We propose that the rise in @entity10 after acute @entity2 is an hepatoprotective adaptation to acute @entity1 from binge drinking that is triggered by @entity2 metabolism and elevated levels of endotoxin.

title: Early growth response-1 contributes to XXXX development after acute @entity5 administration.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous work demonstrated that the transcription factor, early growth response-1 ( @entity10 ), participates in the development of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) after chronic @entity5 ( @entity2 ) administration. Here, we determined the extent to which @entity10 is involved in @entity7 development in @entity0 subjected to acute @entity2 administration. METHODS: In acute studies, we treated both wild-type and @entity10 null @entity0 with either @entity2 or @entity6 -buffered saline (PBS) by gastric intubation. At various times after treatment, we harvested sera and livers and quantified endotoxin, indices of @entity1 , @entity7 , and hepatic @entity10 content. In chronic studies, groups of @entity0 were fed liquid diets containing either @entity2 or isocaloric @entity9 -dextrin for 7 to 8 weeks. RESULTS: Compared with controls, acute @entity2 -treated @entity0 showed a rapid, transient elevation in serum endotoxin beginning 30 minutes after treatment. One hour postgavage, livers from @entity2 -treated @entity0 exhibited a robust elevation of both @entity10 mRNA and protein. By 3 hours postgavage, liver @entity4 increased in @entity2 -treated @entity0 as did lipid peroxidation. Acute @entity2 treatment of @entity10 -null @entity0 showed no @entity10 expression, but these animals still developed elevated @entity8 , although significantly lower than @entity2 -fed wild-type littermates. Despite @entity7 , @entity2 -treated @entity10 null @entity0 exhibited greater @entity1 . After chronic @entity2 feeding, @entity7 and @entity3 were clearly evident, but there was no indication of elevated endotoxin. @entity10 levels in @entity2 -fed @entity0 were equal to those of pair-fed controls. CONCLUSIONS: Acute @entity2 administration induced the synthesis of @entity10 in @entity0 liver. However, despite its robust increase, the transcription factor had a smaller, albeit significant, function in @entity7 development after acute @entity2 treatment. We propose that the rise in @entity10 after acute @entity2 is an hepatoprotective adaptation to acute @entity1 from binge drinking that is triggered by @entity2 metabolism and elevated levels of endotoxin.

title: Early growth response-1 contributes to @entity7 development after acute XXXX administration.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic potential and the vascularization of embroidered, tissue engineered, and cell-seeded 3D @entity5 ( @entity6 ) scaffolds in nude @entity1 . Collagen I (coll I)- and collagen I/chondroitin @entity3 (coll I/CS)-coated @entity6 scaffolds were seeded with @entity0 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Proliferation and differentiation were characterized by different biochemical assays in vitro. For animal experiments, the cells were cultivated on coll I- or coll I/CS-coated scaffolds and either expanded or osteogenically differentiated. Scaffolds were piled up to create a 3D scaffold pad and implanted subcutaneously into nude @entity1 . In vitro hMSC showed proliferation and differentiation on @entity6 scaffolds. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and @entity2 increased in the differentiation medium and in the presence of coll I/CS. In vivo blood vessels were found in the scaffold-stack. Histological/immunohistological analyses of explanted scaffolds showed osteogenic markers such as osteopontin, @entity4 , and coll I around the @entity6 fibers. Coll I/CS-coated scaffolds with expanded hMSC showed higher values of ALP and @entity2 than the other combinations. Embroidered @entity6 scaffolds, coated with extracellular matrix components, provided an adequate environment and, therefore, a template for hMSC which could be differentiated in osteogenic direction.

title: Evaluation of the osteogenic potential and vascularization of 3D XXXX scaffolds subcutaneously implanted in nude @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic potential and the vascularization of embroidered, tissue engineered, and cell-seeded 3D @entity5 ( @entity6 ) scaffolds in nude @entity1 . Collagen I (coll I)- and collagen I/chondroitin @entity3 (coll I/CS)-coated @entity6 scaffolds were seeded with @entity0 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Proliferation and differentiation were characterized by different biochemical assays in vitro. For animal experiments, the cells were cultivated on coll I- or coll I/CS-coated scaffolds and either expanded or osteogenically differentiated. Scaffolds were piled up to create a 3D scaffold pad and implanted subcutaneously into nude @entity1 . In vitro hMSC showed proliferation and differentiation on @entity6 scaffolds. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and @entity2 increased in the differentiation medium and in the presence of coll I/CS. In vivo blood vessels were found in the scaffold-stack. Histological/immunohistological analyses of explanted scaffolds showed osteogenic markers such as osteopontin, @entity4 , and coll I around the @entity6 fibers. Coll I/CS-coated scaffolds with expanded hMSC showed higher values of ALP and @entity2 than the other combinations. Embroidered @entity6 scaffolds, coated with extracellular matrix components, provided an adequate environment and, therefore, a template for hMSC which could be differentiated in osteogenic direction.

title: Evaluation of the osteogenic potential and vascularization of 3D @entity5 scaffolds subcutaneously implanted in nude XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of preoperative hormonal therapy before laparoscopic cystectomy of @entity1 . We identified differences in follicle loss and surgical difficulties with or without preoperative hormonal therapy. METHODS: Ninety-six @entity0 with @entity1 underwent a laparoscopic cystectomy. @entity0 were divided into three groups: control group A (53 @entity0 , 57 cysts) with no preoperative hormonal therapy; group B (34 @entity0 , 40 cysts) who received @entity5 agonist therapy; and group C (9 @entity0 , 11 cysts) who received @entity4 therapy before surgery. The medical and videotape records of all @entity0 were retrospectively reviewed. The specimens of @entity2 were histologically evaluated. RESULTS: Mean diameters of @entity2 before hormonal therapy in groups B and C were significantly greater than those in the control group. There were no significant differences in the following: the mean diameter of removed cysts, the revised-American Society of Reproductive Medicine scores, the number of capsules containing follicle(s), and the mean number of follicles attached to a cyst. However, the number of capsules showing @entity3 significantly increased in the preoperative hormonal therapy groups (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean operation time of the preoperative hormonal groups was significantly longer than that of the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that preoperative hormonal therapy reduced the size of @entity2 . However, with similar revised-American Society of Reproductive Medicine scores, preoperative hormonal therapy did not contribute to the reduction of the loss of ovarian follicles. @entity3 resulting from hormonal therapy appears to be responsible for these observations.

title: The efficacy of preoperative hormonal therapy before laparoscopic cystectomy of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Normal @entity1 is an adaptive emotional response. However, when @entity1 appears to lack adaptive value, it might be defined as pathological. Adaptation in animals can be assessed for example by changes in behavioural responses over time, i.e. habituation. We hypothesize that non-adaptive @entity1 might be reflected by impaired habituation. To test our hypothesis, we repeatedly exposed male @entity0 from two inbred strains to a novel environment, the modified hole board. BALB/cJ @entity0 were found to be initially highly anxious, but subsequently habituated to the test environment. In contrast, 129P3/J @entity0 initially showed less @entity1 compared with the BALB/cJ @entity0 but no habituation in @entity1 was observed. Notably, @entity1 even increased during the experimental period. Complementary, 129P3/J @entity0 did not show habituation in other parameters such as locomotor and exploratory activity, whereas significant changes appeared in these behaviours in BALB/c @entity0 . Finally, the expression of the @entity2 gene @entity3 differed between the two strains in distinct brain areas, known to regulate the integration of emotional and cognitive processes. These results suggest that 129P3/J @entity0 might be a promising (neuro)-behavioural animal model for non-adaptive, i.e. pathological @entity1 .

title: Identifying emotional adaptation: behavioural habituation to novelty and XXXX gene expression in two inbred @entity0 strains.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Normal @entity1 is an adaptive emotional response. However, when @entity1 appears to lack adaptive value, it might be defined as pathological. Adaptation in animals can be assessed for example by changes in behavioural responses over time, i.e. habituation. We hypothesize that non-adaptive @entity1 might be reflected by impaired habituation. To test our hypothesis, we repeatedly exposed male @entity0 from two inbred strains to a novel environment, the modified hole board. BALB/cJ @entity0 were found to be initially highly anxious, but subsequently habituated to the test environment. In contrast, 129P3/J @entity0 initially showed less @entity1 compared with the BALB/cJ @entity0 but no habituation in @entity1 was observed. Notably, @entity1 even increased during the experimental period. Complementary, 129P3/J @entity0 did not show habituation in other parameters such as locomotor and exploratory activity, whereas significant changes appeared in these behaviours in BALB/c @entity0 . Finally, the expression of the @entity2 gene @entity3 differed between the two strains in distinct brain areas, known to regulate the integration of emotional and cognitive processes. These results suggest that 129P3/J @entity0 might be a promising (neuro)-behavioural animal model for non-adaptive, i.e. pathological @entity1 .

title: Identifying emotional adaptation: behavioural habituation to novelty and @entity2 gene expression in two inbred XXXX strains.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This review article summarizes the @entity1 likely to be seen by a Western dermatologist. The article aims to cover both @entity1 and those likely to present in the returning traveler. @entity9 is due to the gravid sand flea (Tunga penetrans) embedding into the stratum corneum of a @entity0 host. As the flea is a ground dweller, lesions are usually present on the feet and are classically periungual. The sand flea is eventually shed spontaneously but to reduce the infection risk, early surgical removal is recommended. Infestation by the Diptera species of @entity2 causes @entity7 , which may be primary, secondary, or accidental. The botfly ( @entity10 ) is one of the causes of primary @entity7 covered in this article. Traditionally, botfly larvae are forced to partially emerge by occluding the breathing apparatus, following which manual extraction can occur. Alternatively, the larvae can be surgically removed. The common bed bug (Cimex lectularius) has experienced a resurgence over the past 10 years. Bites are typically arranged in clusters or a linear fashion and vary from urticated wheals to @entity5 . Treatment is symptomatic with antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. In addition, bed bugs need to be eradicated from furniture and soft furnishings. Ticks are part of the Arachnid class of joint-legged animals and can transmit a variety of @entity3 . This article briefly discusses Mediterranean spotted fever, @entity8 , and @entity6 as well as describing tick avoidance measures. Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis) is highly contagious and widely distributed around the world. It is common in the returning traveler and can require a high index of suspicion to diagnose. The treatment of choice in the US, UK, and Australia is @entity4 5% dermal cream, applied on two occasions, 1 week apart.

title: Recognition and management of common XXXX in travelers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: Macroscopic and imaging indicators for lymph node @entity1 have been documented not in lateral pelvic lymph nodes but in mesorectal lymph nodes in @entity0 with @entity2 . We conducted this study to uncover morphological characteristics of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in @entity0 with @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight @entity0 with locally advanced @entity2 who had total mesorectal excision and lateral pelvic lymph node dissection were studied. Total number of lateral pelvic lymph nodes evaluated was 462, with 538 mesorectal lymph nodes being used for comparison. Factors of lymph nodes evaluated were size (long- and short-axes diameters), shape (ovoid and irregular), and heterogeneity of internal structure. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to compare the diagnostic accuracy of each factor. RESULTS: Lateral pelvic lymph node at non-metastatic status appeared to be longer (4.5 vs 3.5 mm) and thinner (2.2 vs 2.6 mm) than mesorectal lymph nodes. ROC curve analysis, for discriminating non-metastatic and metastatic lateral pelvic lymph nodes, revealed that a @entity3 diameter appeared to be the most prominent factor with highest area under curve (0.907) and was more reliable than either long-axis diameter (0.811) or shape (0.527) other than internal structure (1.00). A @entity3 diameter was an independent risk factor for @entity1 by multivariate analysis with an odds ratio of 1.29 (p < 0.0001, 95% confident interval, 1.22-1.36). The most reliable cut-off value was 4 mm with 96% of sensitivity, 68% of specificity, and 82% of overall accuracy. CONCLUSION: Lateral pelvic lymph nodes tended to be longer and thinner than mesorectal lymph nodes at non-metastatic status. A @entity3 diameter of 4 mm or larger was the prominent indicator of @entity1 in lateral pelvic lymph nodes.

title: Morphological characteristics of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: An immense volume of tailings and tailings water is accumulating in tailings ponds located on mine leases in the oil sands area of Alberta, Canada. Oil sands mining companies have proposed to use tailings- and tailings water-amended lakes and wetlands as part of their mine remediation plans. @entity0 ( @entity1 ) are substances of concern in oil sands tailings and tailings water. In this study, we determined concentrations of @entity1 in sediments, insect larvae and adult insects collected in or adjacent to three groups of wetlands: experimental wetlands to which tailings or tailings water had been purposely added, oil sands wetlands that were located on the mine leases but which had not been experimentally manipulated and reference wetlands located near the mine leases. Alkylated @entity1 dominated the @entity1 profile in all types of samples in the three categories of wetlands. Median and maximum @entity1 concentrations, especially alkylated @entity1 concentrations, tended to be higher in sediments and insect larvae in experimental wetlands than in the other types of wetlands. Such was not the case for adult insects, which contained higher than expected levels of @entity1 in the three types of ponds. Overlap in @entity1 concentrations in larvae among pond types suggests that any increase in @entity1 levels resulting from the addition of tailings and tailings water to wetlands would be modest. Biota-sediment accumulation factors were higher for alkylated @entity1 than for their parent counterparts and were lower in experimental wetlands than in oil sands and reference wetlands. Research is needed to examine factors that affect the bioavailability of @entity1 in oil sands tailings- or tailings water-amended wetlands.

title: Levels of XXXX and dibenzothiophenes in wetland sediments and aquatic insects in the oil sands area of northeastern Alberta, Canada.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rule of lymph-node @entity1 in @entity3 and the rational extent of lymph node dissection. METHODS: Clinicopathological data of 77 @entity0 with @entity3 were reviewed and the relationship between extent of lymph-node dissection and prognosis was analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: (1) The lymph node @entity1 rates were 64.9% for N(1), 14.3% for N(2) and 10.4% for N(3). (2) No lymph node @entity1 was detected in T(1) stage @entity2 and maximum diameter of less than 2.0 cm. The lymph node @entity1 rates were 20% for T(2), 68.2% for T(3) and 82.8% for T(4) respectively. (3) Lymph node No.1, 3, 2 were often involved in the @entity1 of lymph node group 1, and No.7, 8, 10, 9 in Group 2. In lymph node group 3, lymph node @entity1 rates were 6.5% for No.5, 1.3% for No.6, 1.3% for No.16 and 2.6% for No.107-110. (4) The five-year survival rates were 36.5% for D(3), 31.3% for D(2), and 22.7% for D(1) lymphadenectomy respectively. The survival rates of @entity0 undergone D(2) and D(3) lymphadenectomy were significantly higher than that undergone D(1) dissection (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: D(2) or more than D(2) lymphadenectomy associated with enlargement of esophageal hiatus via laparotomy, lower partial esophagectomy and total gastrectomy is able to achieve surgical resectability and improve the survival rate of @entity3 @entity0 .

title: [Investigate on rational lymph-node dissection for XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 inhibitor (PPI) therapy is known to suppress gastric acid secretion. Thus PPI therapy may decrease gastric volume and gastric contents available for @entity0 by decreasing acid secretion. AIM: To determine the effect of PPI therapy on the gastric volume after a standard meal. METHODS: A total of nine healthy subjects were studied using magnetic resonance imaging, before and after a standard liquid meal mixed with a paramagnetic contrast to help demarcate the gastric region. Images were acquired for a total of 90 min after the meal. Studies were conducted before and following @entity1 twice daily for 7 days. Images were analysed to determine the gastric liquid volume. RESULTS: Gastric volume, 15 min after the meal peaked to 611 +/- 37 mL on the control day and 539 +/- 30 mL following the PPI administration (P < 0.001). Average gastric volume remained significantly lower (56 +/- 9 mL, P < 0.05) on the PPI therapy from 5 to 75 min after the meal. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 inhibitor therapy causes a significant reduction in the gastric contents volume during first 75 min after the meal. In addition to increasing the gastric pH, PPI therapy may decrease the frequency of @entity0 by decreasing the volume of gastric contents.

title: Effect of XXXX inhibition on the gastric volume: assessed by magnetic resonance imaging.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Autophagy is a molecular process that breaks down damaged cellular organelles and yields @entity4 for de novo protein synthesis or energy provision. Mechanical unloading with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) decreases the energy demand of the failing @entity0 heart. We tested the hypothesis that LVAD support reverses activation of autophagy. METHODS AND RESULTS: Paired biopsy samples of left ventricular myocardium were obtained from 9 @entity0 with @entity3 (mean duration of LVAD support, 214 days) at the time of implantation and explantation of the LVAD. Transcript and protein levels of markers and mediators of autophagy and apoptosis were measured by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. TUNEL assays, C9 immunohistochemistry, and 20S proteasome activity assays were also performed. Mechanical unloading significantly decreased mRNA transcript levels of @entity5 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain-3 (MAP1-LC3 or LC3; P<0.02). Protein levels of @entity5 , @entity6 - @entity8 conjugate, and LC3-II were also significantly reduced after LVAD support (P<0.05). A significant increase in 20S proteasome activity was observed with unloading, in parallel to the decrease in autophagic markers. Although @entity7 and the ratio of activated @entity1 to @entity1 increased after LVAD support, @entity2 and TUNEL-positive nuclei were not significantly different between samples. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanical unloading of the failing @entity0 heart decreases markers of autophagy. These findings suggest that autophagy may be an adaptive mechanism in the failing heart, and this phenomenon is attenuated by LVAD support.

title: Markers of autophagy are downregulated in failing XXXX heart after mechanical unloading.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because ambulatory care clinicians override as many as 91% of drug interaction alerts, the potential benefit of electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) with decision support is uncertain. METHODS: We studied 279 476 alerted prescriptions written by 2321 Massachusetts ambulatory care clinicians using a single commercial e-prescribing system from January 1 through June 30, 2006. An expert panel reviewed a sample of common drug interaction alerts, estimating the likelihood and severity of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) associated with each alert, the @entity1 to the @entity0 , and the health care utilization required to address each ADE. We estimated the cost savings due to e-prescribing by using third-party-payer and publicly available information. RESULTS: Based on the expert panel's estimates, electronic drug alerts likely prevented 402 (interquartile range [IQR], 133-846) @entity2 in 2006, including 49 (14-130) potentially serious, 125 (34-307) significant, and 228 (85-409) minor @entity2 . Accepted alerts may have prevented a @entity3 in 3 (IQR, 2-13) cases, @entity4 in 14 (3-18), and temporary disability in 31 (10-97). Alerts potentially resulted in 39 (IQR, 14-100) fewer hospitalizations, 34 (6-74) fewer emergency department visits, and 267 (105-541) fewer office visits, for a cost savings of 402,619 USD (IQR, 141,012-1,012,386 USD). Based on the panel's estimates, 331 alerts were required to prevent 1 ADE, and a few alerts (10%) likely accounted for 60% of @entity2 and 78% of cost savings. CONCLUSIONS: Electronic prescribing alerts in ambulatory care may prevent a substantial number of injuries and reduce health care costs in Massachusetts. Because a few alerts account for most of the benefit, e-prescribing systems should suppress low-value alerts.

title: An empirical model to estimate the potential impact of medication safety alerts on XXXX safety, health care utilization, and cost in ambulatory care.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of 1-mg and 4-mg doses of preservative-free intravitreal @entity4 with observation for eyes with @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to perfused central @entity6 (CRVO). METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, clinical trial of 271 @entity0 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Gain in visual acuity letter score of 15 or more from baseline to month 12. RESULTS: Seven percent, 27%, and 26% of @entity0 achieved the primary outcome in the observation, 1-mg, and 4-mg groups, respectively. The odds of achieving the primary outcome were 5.0 times greater in the 1-mg group than the observation group (odds ratio [OR], 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-14.1; P = .001) and 5.0 times greater in 4-mg group than the observation group (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.8-14.4; P = .001); there was no difference identified between the 1-mg and 4-mg groups (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.5-2.1; P = .97). The rates of @entity5 and @entity1 were similar for the observation and 1-mg groups, but higher in the 4-mg group. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal @entity4 is superior to observation for treating @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to CRVO in @entity0 who have characteristics similar to those in the SCORE-CRVO trial. The 1-mg dose has a safety profile superior to that of the 4-mg dose. Application to Clinical Practice Intravitreal @entity4 in a 1-mg dose, following the retreatment criteria applied in the SCORE Study, should be considered for up to 1 year, and possibly 2 years, for @entity0 with characteristics similar to those in the SCORE-CRVO trial. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00105027.

title: A randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of intravitreal XXXX with observation to treat @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to central @entity6 : the Standard Care vs Corticosteroid for @entity6 (SCORE) study report 5.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of 1-mg and 4-mg doses of preservative-free intravitreal @entity4 with observation for eyes with @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to perfused central @entity6 (CRVO). METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, clinical trial of 271 @entity0 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Gain in visual acuity letter score of 15 or more from baseline to month 12. RESULTS: Seven percent, 27%, and 26% of @entity0 achieved the primary outcome in the observation, 1-mg, and 4-mg groups, respectively. The odds of achieving the primary outcome were 5.0 times greater in the 1-mg group than the observation group (odds ratio [OR], 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-14.1; P = .001) and 5.0 times greater in 4-mg group than the observation group (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.8-14.4; P = .001); there was no difference identified between the 1-mg and 4-mg groups (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.5-2.1; P = .97). The rates of @entity5 and @entity1 were similar for the observation and 1-mg groups, but higher in the 4-mg group. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal @entity4 is superior to observation for treating @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to CRVO in @entity0 who have characteristics similar to those in the SCORE-CRVO trial. The 1-mg dose has a safety profile superior to that of the 4-mg dose. Application to Clinical Practice Intravitreal @entity4 in a 1-mg dose, following the retreatment criteria applied in the SCORE Study, should be considered for up to 1 year, and possibly 2 years, for @entity0 with characteristics similar to those in the SCORE-CRVO trial. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00105027.

title: A randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of intravitreal @entity4 with observation to treat @entity2 associated with XXXX secondary to central @entity6 : the Standard Care vs Corticosteroid for @entity6 (SCORE) study report 5.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of 1-mg and 4-mg doses of preservative-free intravitreal @entity4 with observation for eyes with @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to perfused central @entity6 (CRVO). METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, clinical trial of 271 @entity0 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Gain in visual acuity letter score of 15 or more from baseline to month 12. RESULTS: Seven percent, 27%, and 26% of @entity0 achieved the primary outcome in the observation, 1-mg, and 4-mg groups, respectively. The odds of achieving the primary outcome were 5.0 times greater in the 1-mg group than the observation group (odds ratio [OR], 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-14.1; P = .001) and 5.0 times greater in 4-mg group than the observation group (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.8-14.4; P = .001); there was no difference identified between the 1-mg and 4-mg groups (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.5-2.1; P = .97). The rates of @entity5 and @entity1 were similar for the observation and 1-mg groups, but higher in the 4-mg group. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal @entity4 is superior to observation for treating @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to CRVO in @entity0 who have characteristics similar to those in the SCORE-CRVO trial. The 1-mg dose has a safety profile superior to that of the 4-mg dose. Application to Clinical Practice Intravitreal @entity4 in a 1-mg dose, following the retreatment criteria applied in the SCORE Study, should be considered for up to 1 year, and possibly 2 years, for @entity0 with characteristics similar to those in the SCORE-CRVO trial. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00105027.

title: A randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of intravitreal @entity4 with observation to treat XXXX associated with @entity3 secondary to central @entity6 : the Standard Care vs Corticosteroid for @entity6 (SCORE) study report 5.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of 1-mg and 4-mg doses of preservative-free intravitreal @entity4 with observation for eyes with @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to perfused central @entity6 (CRVO). METHODS: Multicenter, randomized, clinical trial of 271 @entity0 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Gain in visual acuity letter score of 15 or more from baseline to month 12. RESULTS: Seven percent, 27%, and 26% of @entity0 achieved the primary outcome in the observation, 1-mg, and 4-mg groups, respectively. The odds of achieving the primary outcome were 5.0 times greater in the 1-mg group than the observation group (odds ratio [OR], 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-14.1; P = .001) and 5.0 times greater in 4-mg group than the observation group (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.8-14.4; P = .001); there was no difference identified between the 1-mg and 4-mg groups (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.5-2.1; P = .97). The rates of @entity5 and @entity1 were similar for the observation and 1-mg groups, but higher in the 4-mg group. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal @entity4 is superior to observation for treating @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to CRVO in @entity0 who have characteristics similar to those in the SCORE-CRVO trial. The 1-mg dose has a safety profile superior to that of the 4-mg dose. Application to Clinical Practice Intravitreal @entity4 in a 1-mg dose, following the retreatment criteria applied in the SCORE Study, should be considered for up to 1 year, and possibly 2 years, for @entity0 with characteristics similar to those in the SCORE-CRVO trial. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00105027.

title: A randomized trial comparing the efficacy and safety of intravitreal @entity4 with observation to treat @entity2 associated with @entity3 secondary to central XXXX : the Standard Care vs Corticosteroid for @entity6 (SCORE) study report 5.

answer: @entity6