abstract: Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in the large ribosomal RNA region of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was developed as a genetic marker for investigating mitochondrial transmission in sexual crosses of the @entity0 pathogenic basidiomycetous @entity1 @entity2 JEC20 of @entity2 . neoformans (mat a) was mated with six strains of @entity3 (mat alpha). Successful mating was indicated by the formation of hyphae and basidiospores. These basidiospores were examined for mtDNA RFLP genotypes. All 570 basidiospores examined from the six crosses showed the mtDNA genotype of strain JEC20. The failure to recover the @entity3 mtDNA in any cross indicates that the @entity3 mtDNA is either selectively eliminated in the newly formed dikaryon or selectively excluded in the immediate dikaryotic hyphae of the newly formed dikaryon.

title: Uniparental mitochondrial transmission in sexual crosses in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A common feature of @entity7 and of animal models of @entity4 is the growth of hippocampal mossy fibers into the dentate molecular layer, where at least some of them innervate granule cells. Because the mossy fibers are axons of granule cells, the recurrent mossy fiber pathway provides monosynaptic excitatory feedback to these neurons that could facilitate @entity5 discharge. We used the @entity8 model of @entity7 to study the synaptic responses evoked by activating this pathway. Whole cell patch-clamp recording demonstrated that antidromic stimulation of the mossy fibers evoked an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) in approximately 74% of granule cells from @entity0 that had survived >10 wk after @entity8 -induced @entity3 . Recurrent mossy fiber growth was demonstrated with the Timm stain in all instances. In contrast, antidromic stimulation of the mossy fibers evoked an EPSC in only 5% of granule cells studied 4-6 days after @entity3 , before recurrent mossy fiber growth became detectable. Notably, antidromic mossy fiber stimulation also evoked an EPSC in many granule cells from control @entity0 . Clusters of mossy fiber-like Timm staining normally were present in the inner third of the dentate molecular layer at the level of the hippocampal formation from which slices were prepared, and several considerations suggested that the recorded EPSCs depended mainly on activation of recurrent mossy fibers rather than associational fibers. In both @entity3 and control groups, the antidromically evoked EPSC was glutamatergic and involved the activation of both @entity1 / @entity9 and @entity6 ( @entity2 ) receptors. EPSCs recorded in granule cells from @entity0 with recurrent mossy fiber growth differed in three respects from those recorded in control granule cells: they were much more frequently evoked, a number of them were unusually large, and the @entity2 component of the response was generally much more prominent. In contrast to the antidromically evoked EPSC, the EPSC evoked by stimulation of the perforant path appeared to be unaffected by a prior episode of @entity3 . These results support the hypothesis that recurrent mossy fiber growth and synapse formation increases the excitatory drive to dentate granule cells and thus facilitates repetitive synchronous discharge. Activation of @entity2 receptors in the recurrent pathway may contribute to @entity5 propagation under depolarizing conditions. Mossy fiber-granule cell synapses also are present in normal @entity0 , where they may contribute to repetitive granule cell discharge in regions of the dentate gyrus where their numbers are significant.

title: Recurrent mossy fiber pathway in @entity0 dentate gyrus: synaptic currents evoked in presence and absence of XXXX -induced growth.

answer: @entity5


abstract: A common feature of @entity7 and of animal models of @entity4 is the growth of hippocampal mossy fibers into the dentate molecular layer, where at least some of them innervate granule cells. Because the mossy fibers are axons of granule cells, the recurrent mossy fiber pathway provides monosynaptic excitatory feedback to these neurons that could facilitate @entity5 discharge. We used the @entity8 model of @entity7 to study the synaptic responses evoked by activating this pathway. Whole cell patch-clamp recording demonstrated that antidromic stimulation of the mossy fibers evoked an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) in approximately 74% of granule cells from @entity0 that had survived >10 wk after @entity8 -induced @entity3 . Recurrent mossy fiber growth was demonstrated with the Timm stain in all instances. In contrast, antidromic stimulation of the mossy fibers evoked an EPSC in only 5% of granule cells studied 4-6 days after @entity3 , before recurrent mossy fiber growth became detectable. Notably, antidromic mossy fiber stimulation also evoked an EPSC in many granule cells from control @entity0 . Clusters of mossy fiber-like Timm staining normally were present in the inner third of the dentate molecular layer at the level of the hippocampal formation from which slices were prepared, and several considerations suggested that the recorded EPSCs depended mainly on activation of recurrent mossy fibers rather than associational fibers. In both @entity3 and control groups, the antidromically evoked EPSC was glutamatergic and involved the activation of both @entity1 / @entity9 and @entity6 ( @entity2 ) receptors. EPSCs recorded in granule cells from @entity0 with recurrent mossy fiber growth differed in three respects from those recorded in control granule cells: they were much more frequently evoked, a number of them were unusually large, and the @entity2 component of the response was generally much more prominent. In contrast to the antidromically evoked EPSC, the EPSC evoked by stimulation of the perforant path appeared to be unaffected by a prior episode of @entity3 . These results support the hypothesis that recurrent mossy fiber growth and synapse formation increases the excitatory drive to dentate granule cells and thus facilitates repetitive synchronous discharge. Activation of @entity2 receptors in the recurrent pathway may contribute to @entity5 propagation under depolarizing conditions. Mossy fiber-granule cell synapses also are present in normal @entity0 , where they may contribute to repetitive granule cell discharge in regions of the dentate gyrus where their numbers are significant.

title: Recurrent mossy fiber pathway in XXXX dentate gyrus: synaptic currents evoked in presence and absence of @entity5 -induced growth.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The virus of @entity3 contained within the spinal cord and medulla of @entity0 beings and monkeys withstands glycerolation for many years. The specimens tested had been kept for 4 and 6 years respectively in 50 per cent @entity2 at refrigerator temperature. The symptoms and lesions caused by this virus are identical with those produced by that contained in the more recently collected spinal cord and medulla. The specimens had lost a part of their activity under the conditions described, necessitating larger and repeated doses to induce @entity1 . Whether this difference is due merely to quantitative reduction in number of viable microorganisms or to qualitative alterations under the influence of the mildly antiseptic @entity2 has not been determined. An ineffective inoculation of tissues containing the virus does not increase resistance, but rather diminishes it, so that a subsequent injection, inadequate in itself, may cause experimental @entity3 . This power of survival under adverse conditions may not be without significance in respect to the recrudescence of @entity3 in a given locality and after a lapse of years. Hitherto this phenomenon has been accounted for by assuming a fresh importation of a virus of pronounced pathogenic power. It is possible that the explanation in some instances resides in the renewed activity of specimens of the virus surviving from a previous epidemic, while in other instances a fresh introduction actually takes place from a remote focus of @entity1 . The infectious nervous tissues employed in these experiments did not yield in culture streptococci or other ordinary bacteria.

title: SURVIVAL OF THE POLIOMYELITIC VIRUS FOR SIX YEARS IN XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess serum @entity5 levels based on body habitus and ovarian morphology during controlled @entity2 . DESIGN: Prospective analysis. SETTING: University IVF program. @entity0 (S): @entity0 undergoing IVF-ET were divided into two groups, @entity1 ovulatory @entity0 (n = 6; mean (+/-SD) body mass index, 30.1 +/- 0.6 kg/m(2)) and lean ovulatory @entity0 (n = 20); mean (+/- SD) body mass index 22.0 +/- 0.2 kg/m(2)). Lean @entity0 were categorized further according to whether they had polycystic-appearing ovaries (n = 8) or normal-appearing ovaries (n = 12). INTERVENTION(S): Controlled @entity2 and IVF. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 . RESULT(S): Mean (+/- SD) @entity5 levels were significantly higher before and after GnRH agonist down-regulation in @entity1 @entity0 (41.7 +/- 5.2 pg/mL and 36.1 +/- 5.8 pg/mL, respectively) compared with lean @entity0 (8.4 +/- 1.0 pg/mL and 6.9 +/- 1.1 pg/mL, respectively). Mean (+/- SD) @entity5 levels increased significantly in both groups (54.5 +/- 5.1 pg/mL and 11.7 +/- 1.2 pg/mL, respectively), and the mean (+/-SD) percentage increase was similar (55% +/- 18% and 54.8% +/- 17%, respectively). Mean (+/-SD) @entity5 levels were similar in @entity0 with polycystic-appearing and normal-appearing ovaries before controlled @entity2 , but increased significantly in @entity0 with polycystic-appearing ovaries afterward (14.7 +/- 1.8 pg/mL and 9.3 +/- 1.0 pg/mL, respectively). CONCLUSION(S): Significant increases in @entity5 levels occur during controlled @entity2 , suggesting that @entity5 plays a role in follicular growth and maturation. The exaggerated response in @entity0 with polycystic-appearing ovaries reflects either a greater number of recruited follicles or a predisposition of adipocytes to @entity5 production.

title: Circulating XXXX levels during ovulation induction: relation to adiposity and ovarian morphology.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Becoming a career is associated with physical, emotional, and financial hardship, with caregivers often experiencing a maelstrom of emotions as they struggle to understand what has happened to their loved one. While the burden of caring for young @entity0 with first-episode @entity1 (FEP) has been well documented, much less is known about how carers develop the strength and resilience to continue caring. This qualitative study aimed to understand the experience of 20 first-time primary caregivers of young adults with FEP. Most caregivers were female (85%, n = 17) and parents (85%, n = 17). The average length of involvement as a caregiver at an FEP service was 14.5 months. Six main themes were identified in the data, highlighting the carers' experience in supporting young adults with FEP. Caregiving is a burdensome responsibility and is characterized as a roller coaster and unpredictable experience. Caregivers often feel responsible for the young @entity0 's illness; however, eventually most come to terms with the changes that have occurred in the young @entity0 with FEP. As a consequence of the illness, the relationship between caregiver and care recipient frequently becomes closer and deeper, although it is important that they both maintain hope for the future. These findings provide important insights into the experiences of first-time caregivers of young @entity0 with FEP, with direct implications for improving the information and support given to caregivers by FEP services, as well as the development of interventions that effectively address the unique challenges caregivers face following the onset of FEP.

title: First-time primary caregivers' experience of caring for young adults with first-episode XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The excited-state dynamics of @entity6 , a @entity4 -like compound and, as substrate of the @entity2 / @entity6 oxidoreductase, a precursor of chlorophyll biosynthesis, is studied by femtosecond absorption spectroscopy in a variety of solvents, which were chosen to mimic different environmental conditions in the oxidoreductase complex. In the polar solvents @entity1 and @entity3 , the excited-state dynamics differs significantly from that in the nonpolar solvent @entity5 . In @entity1 and @entity3 , the relaxation dynamics is multiexponential with three distinguishable time scales of 4.0-4.5 ps for vibrational relaxation and vibrational energy redistribution of the initially excited S1 state, 22-27 ps for the formation of an intermediate state, most likely with a charge transfer character, and 200 ps for the decay of this intermediate state back to the ground state. In the nonpolar solvent @entity5 , only the 4.5 ps relaxational process can be observed, whereas the intermediate intramolecular charge transfer state is not populated any longer. In addition to polarity, solvent viscosity also affects the excited-state processes. Upon increasing the viscosity by adding up to 60% @entity0 to a methanolic solution, a deceleration of the 4 and 22 ps decay rates from the values in pure @entity1 is found. Apparently not only vibrational cooling of the S1 excited state is slowed in the more viscous surrounding, but the formation rate of the intramolecular charge transfer state is also reduced, suggesting that nuclear motions along a reaction coordinate are involved in the charge transfer. The results of the present study further specify the model of the excited-state dynamics in @entity6 a as recently suggested (Chem. Phys. Lett. 2004, 397, 110).

title: Solvent effects on the excited-state processes of XXXX : a femtosecond time-resolved absorption study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although some studies have demonstrated lower infectious morbidity in @entity0 receiving supplemental @entity3 , there remains no consensus on the utility of such treatment. This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplemental enteral @entity3 on the rate and outcomes of @entity2 in critically ill surgical @entity0 . METHODS: All 185 surgical and @entity1 @entity0 admitted to a single university surgical @entity1 intensive care unit (STICU) over an approximately three-year period who were to receive enteral nutrition support were assigned sequentially to one of three diets: standard 1-kCal/mL feedings with added protein (Group 1), standard feedings with @entity3 0.6 g/kg per day (Group 2), or immune-modulated feedings with a similar amount of @entity3 (Group 3). Group compositions and @entity0 characteristics were similar at baseline. Data were collected prospectively on @entity2 acquired during hospitalization. RESULTS: A total of 119 @entity0 had at least one @entity2 : 59% of the @entity0 in Group 1, 64% of Group 2, and 69% of Group 3 (p = NS). There were no differences among the groups in the mean number of @entity2 . The most common sites in all groups were the lungs, blood, and urine; and the frequencies of these @entity2 did not differ between groups. Minor differences were found between groups in the organisms isolated. Antibiotic usage did not differ. CONCLUSION: Supplemental enteral @entity3 in the dose studied does not appear to influence the acquisition or characteristics of @entity2 in @entity0 admitted to a mixed STICU.

title: Does enteral XXXX supplementation decrease infectious morbidity?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lead exposure in @entity0 has been associated with both global and specific @entity2 . Although chelation therapy is advised for @entity0 with blood lead concentrations of >44 microg/dL, treatment options for @entity0 with lower blood lead values are limited. Because lead absorption is related to @entity0 's nutritional status, micronutrient supplements may be 1 strategy for combating low-level, chronic lead exposure. This study was designed to test the efficacy of @entity1 and @entity3 supplementation for lowering blood lead concentrations and improving cognitive performance in schoolchildren who live in a lead-contaminated city. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial was conducted in public elementary schools in Torre  n, an industrialized city in northern Mexico. A metal foundry, located close to the city center and within 3.5 km of 9 schools, was the main source of lead exposure. A total of 602 @entity0 who were aged 6 to 8 years and regularly attending first grade in the study schools were enrolled. @entity0 were given 30 mg of @entity1 , 30 mg of @entity3 , both, or a placebo daily for 6 months. A total of 527 completed the treatment, and 515 were available for long-term follow-up, after another 6 months without supplementation. Eleven cognitive tests of memory, attention, @entity4 , and learning were administered at baseline and each follow-up. RESULTS: There were no consistent or lasting differences in cognitive performance among treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Daily supplementation with @entity1 and/or @entity3 may be of limited usefulness for improving cognition in lead-exposed schoolchildren. However, these treatments may be effective in settings with higher prevalence of @entity5 or in younger @entity0 .

title: Efficacy of @entity1 and/or XXXX supplementation on cognitive performance of lead-exposed Mexican schoolchildren: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lead exposure in @entity0 has been associated with both global and specific @entity2 . Although chelation therapy is advised for @entity0 with blood lead concentrations of >44 microg/dL, treatment options for @entity0 with lower blood lead values are limited. Because lead absorption is related to @entity0 's nutritional status, micronutrient supplements may be 1 strategy for combating low-level, chronic lead exposure. This study was designed to test the efficacy of @entity1 and @entity3 supplementation for lowering blood lead concentrations and improving cognitive performance in schoolchildren who live in a lead-contaminated city. METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial was conducted in public elementary schools in Torre  n, an industrialized city in northern Mexico. A metal foundry, located close to the city center and within 3.5 km of 9 schools, was the main source of lead exposure. A total of 602 @entity0 who were aged 6 to 8 years and regularly attending first grade in the study schools were enrolled. @entity0 were given 30 mg of @entity1 , 30 mg of @entity3 , both, or a placebo daily for 6 months. A total of 527 completed the treatment, and 515 were available for long-term follow-up, after another 6 months without supplementation. Eleven cognitive tests of memory, attention, @entity4 , and learning were administered at baseline and each follow-up. RESULTS: There were no consistent or lasting differences in cognitive performance among treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Daily supplementation with @entity1 and/or @entity3 may be of limited usefulness for improving cognition in lead-exposed schoolchildren. However, these treatments may be effective in settings with higher prevalence of @entity5 or in younger @entity0 .

title: Efficacy of XXXX and/or @entity3 supplementation on cognitive performance of lead-exposed Mexican schoolchildren: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the ability of video recording to identify management errors in @entity1 resuscitation and to compare this method with medical record review. METHOD: The resuscitation of @entity0 who presented to the emergency department of the Royal @entity0 's Hospital between February 19, 2001, and August 18, 2002, for whom the @entity1 team was activated was video recorded. The tapes were analyzed, and management was compared with Advanced @entity1 Life Support guidelines. Deviations from these guidelines were recorded as errors. Fifty video recordings were analyzed independently by 2 reviewers. Medical record review was undertaken for a cohort of the most seriously injured @entity0 , and errors were identified. The errors detected with the 2 methods were compared. RESULTS: Ninety resuscitations were video recorded and analyzed. An average of 5.9 errors per resuscitation was identified with this method (range: 1-12 errors). Twenty-five @entity0 (28%) had an injury severity score of >11; there was an average of 2.16 errors per @entity0 in this group. Only 10 (20%) of these errors were detected in the medical record review. Medical record review detected an additional 8 errors that were not evident on the video recordings. Concordance between independent reviewers was high, with 93% agreement. CONCLUSIONS: Video recording is more effective than medical record review in detecting management errors in pediatric @entity1 resuscitation. @entity1 are common and often involve basic resuscitation principles. Resuscitation of the most seriously injured @entity0 was associated with fewer errors. Video recording is a useful adjunct to @entity1 .

title: Using video recording to identify management errors in pediatric XXXX resuscitation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study evaluated the biodistribution and @entity0 targeting ability of radiolabeled @entity4 . Because IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) play a critical role in modulating IGF activity, the binding properties of 125I-labeled @entity4 to IGFBPs were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Because a large amount of the @entity4 was catabolized in vivo, we also studied the catabolism of @entity4 by @entity0 cells in vitro. METHODS: 125I-labeled- @entity4 was prepared using the @entity5 method. The biodistribution of 125I-labeled- @entity4 in @entity0 -bearing @entity1 was compared between groups injected with 125I-labeled @entity4 alone or coinjected with unlabeled peptide. In vitro and in vivo chromatography studies were performed to evaluate the binding profile to IGFBPs and the degree of catabolites in serum as well as urine. RESULTS: Data indicated that the binding of radiolabeled @entity4 to IGFBPs in vitro was dose dependent. However, there was a difference in complex formation between the serum and the heparinized plasma. In heparinized plasma, the radioactivity shifted from a 30- to 50-kDa complex to a 150-kDa complex and to a free ligand, because the binding of heparin with IGFBPs decreased its affinity for @entity4 . In plasma prepared with acid @entity3 dextrose a binding pattern identical to that of serum was observed. Moreover, there was a binding difference between @entity1 and @entity2 . The 125I-labeled @entity4 catabolized very quickly when incubated at 37 degrees C but not at all at 4 degrees C. In @entity0 -bearing @entity1 , the uptake of radioactivity in normal tissues decreased quickly, particularly in the kidneys. In @entity1 coinjected with unlabeled carrier, the radioactivity in most normal tissues was lower and the @entity0 uptake higher than in the @entity1 without carrier. CONCLUSION: These data confirm that 125I-labeled @entity4 is avidly bound to IGFBPs, both in vitro and in vivo. By partially saturating this binding with unlabeled peptides, a favorable biodistribution was achieved, including faster clearance from normal tissue and higher @entity0 uptake, which resulted in better @entity0 -to-nontumor ratios. Nevertheless, the rapid catabolism and release of the radiolabel from @entity0 tissue result in a suboptimal targeting agent.

title: Effects of insulinlike growth factor binding proteins on insulinlike growth factor-I biodistribution in XXXX -bearing @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study evaluated the biodistribution and @entity0 targeting ability of radiolabeled @entity4 . Because IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) play a critical role in modulating IGF activity, the binding properties of 125I-labeled @entity4 to IGFBPs were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Because a large amount of the @entity4 was catabolized in vivo, we also studied the catabolism of @entity4 by @entity0 cells in vitro. METHODS: 125I-labeled- @entity4 was prepared using the @entity5 method. The biodistribution of 125I-labeled- @entity4 in @entity0 -bearing @entity1 was compared between groups injected with 125I-labeled @entity4 alone or coinjected with unlabeled peptide. In vitro and in vivo chromatography studies were performed to evaluate the binding profile to IGFBPs and the degree of catabolites in serum as well as urine. RESULTS: Data indicated that the binding of radiolabeled @entity4 to IGFBPs in vitro was dose dependent. However, there was a difference in complex formation between the serum and the heparinized plasma. In heparinized plasma, the radioactivity shifted from a 30- to 50-kDa complex to a 150-kDa complex and to a free ligand, because the binding of heparin with IGFBPs decreased its affinity for @entity4 . In plasma prepared with acid @entity3 dextrose a binding pattern identical to that of serum was observed. Moreover, there was a binding difference between @entity1 and @entity2 . The 125I-labeled @entity4 catabolized very quickly when incubated at 37 degrees C but not at all at 4 degrees C. In @entity0 -bearing @entity1 , the uptake of radioactivity in normal tissues decreased quickly, particularly in the kidneys. In @entity1 coinjected with unlabeled carrier, the radioactivity in most normal tissues was lower and the @entity0 uptake higher than in the @entity1 without carrier. CONCLUSION: These data confirm that 125I-labeled @entity4 is avidly bound to IGFBPs, both in vitro and in vivo. By partially saturating this binding with unlabeled peptides, a favorable biodistribution was achieved, including faster clearance from normal tissue and higher @entity0 uptake, which resulted in better @entity0 -to-nontumor ratios. Nevertheless, the rapid catabolism and release of the radiolabel from @entity0 tissue result in a suboptimal targeting agent.

title: Effects of insulinlike growth factor binding proteins on insulinlike growth factor-I biodistribution in @entity0 -bearing XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. Concurrent @entity3 in the experiments described may be regarded as of accidental nature and are not causally related to the typical effects induced in @entity1 by a material wholly free from ordinary bacteria. 2. The influenzal agent exerts an effect on the pulmonary tissue which encourages the invasion of the lung and subsequent multiplication there of ordinary bacteria, such as the pneumococcus, streptococcus, and Bacillus pfeifferi. 3. A similarity is believed to exist between the conditions under which concurrent @entity3 arose in the inoculated @entity1 and those which seem to favor the occurrence of concurrent @entity3 during @entity4 in @entity0 . In no instance did @entity2 occur in the @entity1 as a result of the uncomplicated effects of the influenzal agent alone. When @entity2 occurred in any of the inoculated animals concurrent infection of the lungs by ordinary bacteria was present. The microorganisms most commonly met with under these conditions were Pneumococcus Type IV and atypical Type II, streptococci, and hemoglobinophilic bacilli. Other kinds were encountered less often.

title: EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE NASOPHARYNGEAL SECRETIONS FROM INFLUENZA XXXX : III. STUDIES OF THE CONCURRENT INFECTIONS.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A systematic study was made of the affections of bone, cartilage, tendons, and synovial membranes which occurred in a series of @entity2 with generalized syphilis. Localized @entity3 of this group of structures was found to be of very frequent occurrence. The parts involved were, in the order of their frequency, the @entity1 , the bones, tendons, and joints of the feet and legs, the cervical and caudal vertebrae, the ribs, and the sternum. These infections often gave rise to characteristic manifestations of disease which could be detected without difficulty by inspection or palpation of the part. In many instances, however, clinical manifestations were so slight that the presence of lesions could be detected only by radiographic or pathological examination. Detailed descriptions of various clinical types of disease were given and the clinical manifestations correlated with the pathological process. It was pointed out that @entity1 exhibited a decided predilection for certain exposed bony prominences, for lines of bony union, and for epiphyseal lines in particular. A study of the clinical history of @entity1 brought out the fact that they were among the earliest of the generalized forms of disease; they tended to pursue a comparatively rapid course, and relapse was never observed. Especial emphasis was laid upon three aspects of the experimental @entity3 : the analogy existing between certain forms of the animal and @entity0 affections, the relation of syphilis of the osseous system to other evidences of disease, and the occurrence of obscure @entity1 . In this connection, it was pointed out that the nasal and epiphyseal lesions of the @entity2 presented a striking analogy to those of @entity4 in @entity0 . It was also pointed out that syphilis of the osseous system occupied a definite position in the scheme of defensive reactions such that lesions of these tissues might be favored or inhibited according to the experimental conditions employed. Finally, the frequency with @entity3 occurred which were not accompanied by sufficiently distinctive signs even to suggest the possibility of their existence was interpreted as evidence that some cases of latent or obscure @entity3 in @entity0 might find their explanation in the presence of a similar group of affections.

title: EXPERIMENTAL SYPHILIS IN THE XXXX : VI. AFFECTIONS OF BONE, CARTILAGE, TENDONS, AND SYNOVIAL MEMBRANES. PART 3. SYPHILIS OF THE POSTERIOR EXTREMITIES WITH OTHER AFFECTIONS OF A MISCELLANEOUS TYPE.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess our long term results of lateral pancreaticojejunostomy in @entity0 with @entity6 . DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University hospital, France. SUBJECTS: 57 @entity0 (48 @entity0 , 9 @entity0 , mean (SD) age 46 (7) years who required surgical treatment of chronic @entity6 between January 1977 and October 1995. INTERVENTIONS: Lateral pancreaticojejunostomy with or without another procedure. Outcome classified as excellent, good, fair, or poor. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postoperative morbidity and mortality; relief of @entity1 ; reduction in use of analgesics and exocrine supplements; effect on exocrine and endocrine insufficiency; and return to paid work. RESULTS: There were no postoperative @entity3 and no pancreatic fistulae, but there were 17 other @entity4 (30%). Median follow up was 65 months (range 8-206), during which 12 @entity0 died (21%). Result was judged excellent in 16 (28%), good in 27 (47%), fair in 5 (9%), and poor in 9 (16%). @entity1 control was significantly improved, analgesic usage decreased, less pancreatic enzyme supplementation was required, and 25 @entity0 returned to paid work (p = 0.0001 in each case). Exocrine and endocrine function remained stable. The results were better if the @entity0 gave up misusing @entity2 (p = 0.03) and if the operation was done within 4 years of the development of @entity5 (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Lateral pancreaticojejunostomy is a safe procedure that can improve functional outcome in @entity0 with chronic @entity6 , and does not worsen pancreatic function.

title: Long term results of lateral pancreaticojejunostomy for chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the short term anatomic and visual acuity response after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) in @entity0 with @entity4 due to central @entity8 (CRVO). METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective study of @entity0 with @entity4 due to CRVO who were treated with at least one intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1.25 mg in 0.05 mL. @entity0 underwent Snellen visual acuity testing, optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, and ophthalmoscopic examination at baseline and follow-up visits. RESULTS: There were 16 eyes of 15 consecutive @entity0 with a mean age of 76.1 years (SD 9.8 years). Intravitreal @entity6 had been previously administered to 9 @entity0 , but all of these @entity0 either had no improvement or had @entity7 caused by the @entity6 . The @entity0 received a mean of 2.8 injections of bevacizumab per eye. No adverse events were observed, including @entity9 , clinically evident @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity5 , or @entity3 events in any @entity0 . The mean central macular thickness at baseline was 887 microm and decreased to a mean of 372 microm at month 1 (P < 0.001). The mean baseline acuity was 20/600 (logMAR = 1.48) and the mean acuity at month 1 was 20/200 (logMAR = 1.05), a difference that was highly significant (P = 0.001). At last follow-up, a mean of 3 months after the first injection, the mean visual acuity was 20/138 (logMAR = 0.84), which was significantly better than baseline (P < 0.001). Visual acuity improvement, defined as a halving of the visual angle, was seen in 14 of the 16 eyes. CONCLUSION: Initial treatment results of @entity0 with @entity4 secondary to CRVO did not reveal any short-term safety concerns. Intravitreal bevacizumab resulted in a significant decrease in @entity4 and improvement in visual acuity. The number of @entity0 in this pilot study was limited and the follow-up is too short to make any specific treatment recommendations, but the favorable short-term results suggest further study is needed.

title: Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) treatment of XXXX in central @entity8 : a short-term study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the short term anatomic and visual acuity response after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) in @entity0 with @entity4 due to central @entity8 (CRVO). METHODS: The authors conducted a retrospective study of @entity0 with @entity4 due to CRVO who were treated with at least one intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1.25 mg in 0.05 mL. @entity0 underwent Snellen visual acuity testing, optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, and ophthalmoscopic examination at baseline and follow-up visits. RESULTS: There were 16 eyes of 15 consecutive @entity0 with a mean age of 76.1 years (SD 9.8 years). Intravitreal @entity6 had been previously administered to 9 @entity0 , but all of these @entity0 either had no improvement or had @entity7 caused by the @entity6 . The @entity0 received a mean of 2.8 injections of bevacizumab per eye. No adverse events were observed, including @entity9 , clinically evident @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity5 , or @entity3 events in any @entity0 . The mean central macular thickness at baseline was 887 microm and decreased to a mean of 372 microm at month 1 (P < 0.001). The mean baseline acuity was 20/600 (logMAR = 1.48) and the mean acuity at month 1 was 20/200 (logMAR = 1.05), a difference that was highly significant (P = 0.001). At last follow-up, a mean of 3 months after the first injection, the mean visual acuity was 20/138 (logMAR = 0.84), which was significantly better than baseline (P < 0.001). Visual acuity improvement, defined as a halving of the visual angle, was seen in 14 of the 16 eyes. CONCLUSION: Initial treatment results of @entity0 with @entity4 secondary to CRVO did not reveal any short-term safety concerns. Intravitreal bevacizumab resulted in a significant decrease in @entity4 and improvement in visual acuity. The number of @entity0 in this pilot study was limited and the follow-up is too short to make any specific treatment recommendations, but the favorable short-term results suggest further study is needed.

title: Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) treatment of @entity4 in central XXXX : a short-term study.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 form a small percentage of @entity1 . @entity3 is caused by @entity6 , @entity5 or, rarely, a @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 48 parathyroidectomies received in the Department of Pathology of a major teaching hospital over a period of 10 years. Clinical, biochemical and radiological details were retrieved from medical records. Information regarding routine gross and microscopic examination findings (including frozen section and paraffin sections) was retrieved from departmental records. RESULTS: We had 43 @entity4 , three @entity5 and two @entity2 . The most common age group was 21-30 years. The female:male ratio was 2.5:1. Most @entity0 presented with skeletal manifestations. The pre-operative diagnosis was assisted by ultrasonography in 11 cases, computerized tomography of the neck in 10 cases and sestamibi scans in three cases. Intra-operative @entity7 monitoring was performed in one case of @entity4 . Frozen section was requested in 28 of 48 cases. There was a discrepancy between frozen section diagnosis and paraffin section diagnosis in two cases. CONCLUSION: Histopathologic diagnosis is an important guide to decide the type of surgical management. Although pathologic features of @entity6 are diagnostically reliable, those of the more commonly encountered lesions of @entity4 and @entity5 may be overlapping and, therefore, indistinctive, more so if only a single gland is available for examination. Because @entity8 are only occasionally encountered by the surgical pathologist, awareness of the spectrum of histologic features along with knowledge of recent trends in diagnosis and surgical management are important.

title: XXXX : a clinicopathological experience.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite broad clinical use of the American Association of the Surgery of @entity2 (AAST) injury scale for kidney, it has only been found to predict the need for renal surgery in single institution series. We sought to validate this scheme for morbidity and mortality in a national cohort of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort design was used to determine the association between increasing AAST scores and nephrectomy, dialysis, and mortality. The cohort included all @entity0 with a @entity1 in the National @entity2 Data Bank (NTDB) from 1994 and 2003. Univariate and multivariate prediction models were used for analysis of data. RESULTS: At the time of review, a total of 742,774 @entity0 records were registered in the NTDB. @entity1 occurred in 8465 @entity0 (1.2%). Increasing injury grade was associated with a greater nephrectomy (RR 12-127), dialysis (RR 1.3-4.7), and mortality (RR 1.3-1.9) rate for blunt @entity1 . For penetrating injury, nephrectomy was the only outcome that was associated with higher grades of @entity1 with a RR of 7.7 to 31 for grades III to V @entity2 . CONCLUSION: The AAST injury scale for kidney predicts for morbidity in blunt and penetrating @entity1 and for mortality in @entity3 . Thus, we continue to support its use as a clinical and research tool.

title: American Association for the Surgery of @entity2 Scale for kidney XXXX predicts nephrectomy, dialysis, and death in @entity0 with @entity3 and nephrectomy for penetrating @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite broad clinical use of the American Association of the Surgery of @entity2 (AAST) injury scale for kidney, it has only been found to predict the need for renal surgery in single institution series. We sought to validate this scheme for morbidity and mortality in a national cohort of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort design was used to determine the association between increasing AAST scores and nephrectomy, dialysis, and mortality. The cohort included all @entity0 with a @entity1 in the National @entity2 Data Bank (NTDB) from 1994 and 2003. Univariate and multivariate prediction models were used for analysis of data. RESULTS: At the time of review, a total of 742,774 @entity0 records were registered in the NTDB. @entity1 occurred in 8465 @entity0 (1.2%). Increasing injury grade was associated with a greater nephrectomy (RR 12-127), dialysis (RR 1.3-4.7), and mortality (RR 1.3-1.9) rate for blunt @entity1 . For penetrating injury, nephrectomy was the only outcome that was associated with higher grades of @entity1 with a RR of 7.7 to 31 for grades III to V @entity2 . CONCLUSION: The AAST injury scale for kidney predicts for morbidity in blunt and penetrating @entity1 and for mortality in @entity3 . Thus, we continue to support its use as a clinical and research tool.

title: American Association for the Surgery of @entity2 Scale for kidney @entity2 predicts nephrectomy, dialysis, and death in @entity0 with @entity3 and nephrectomy for penetrating XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite broad clinical use of the American Association of the Surgery of @entity2 (AAST) injury scale for kidney, it has only been found to predict the need for renal surgery in single institution series. We sought to validate this scheme for morbidity and mortality in a national cohort of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort design was used to determine the association between increasing AAST scores and nephrectomy, dialysis, and mortality. The cohort included all @entity0 with a @entity1 in the National @entity2 Data Bank (NTDB) from 1994 and 2003. Univariate and multivariate prediction models were used for analysis of data. RESULTS: At the time of review, a total of 742,774 @entity0 records were registered in the NTDB. @entity1 occurred in 8465 @entity0 (1.2%). Increasing injury grade was associated with a greater nephrectomy (RR 12-127), dialysis (RR 1.3-4.7), and mortality (RR 1.3-1.9) rate for blunt @entity1 . For penetrating injury, nephrectomy was the only outcome that was associated with higher grades of @entity1 with a RR of 7.7 to 31 for grades III to V @entity2 . CONCLUSION: The AAST injury scale for kidney predicts for morbidity in blunt and penetrating @entity1 and for mortality in @entity3 . Thus, we continue to support its use as a clinical and research tool.

title: American Association for the Surgery of XXXX Scale for kidney @entity2 predicts nephrectomy, dialysis, and death in @entity0 with @entity3 and nephrectomy for penetrating @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite broad clinical use of the American Association of the Surgery of @entity2 (AAST) injury scale for kidney, it has only been found to predict the need for renal surgery in single institution series. We sought to validate this scheme for morbidity and mortality in a national cohort of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort design was used to determine the association between increasing AAST scores and nephrectomy, dialysis, and mortality. The cohort included all @entity0 with a @entity1 in the National @entity2 Data Bank (NTDB) from 1994 and 2003. Univariate and multivariate prediction models were used for analysis of data. RESULTS: At the time of review, a total of 742,774 @entity0 records were registered in the NTDB. @entity1 occurred in 8465 @entity0 (1.2%). Increasing injury grade was associated with a greater nephrectomy (RR 12-127), dialysis (RR 1.3-4.7), and mortality (RR 1.3-1.9) rate for blunt @entity1 . For penetrating injury, nephrectomy was the only outcome that was associated with higher grades of @entity1 with a RR of 7.7 to 31 for grades III to V @entity2 . CONCLUSION: The AAST injury scale for kidney predicts for morbidity in blunt and penetrating @entity1 and for mortality in @entity3 . Thus, we continue to support its use as a clinical and research tool.

title: American Association for the Surgery of @entity2 Scale for kidney @entity2 predicts nephrectomy, dialysis, and death in @entity0 with XXXX and nephrectomy for penetrating @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite broad clinical use of the American Association of the Surgery of @entity2 (AAST) injury scale for kidney, it has only been found to predict the need for renal surgery in single institution series. We sought to validate this scheme for morbidity and mortality in a national cohort of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort design was used to determine the association between increasing AAST scores and nephrectomy, dialysis, and mortality. The cohort included all @entity0 with a @entity1 in the National @entity2 Data Bank (NTDB) from 1994 and 2003. Univariate and multivariate prediction models were used for analysis of data. RESULTS: At the time of review, a total of 742,774 @entity0 records were registered in the NTDB. @entity1 occurred in 8465 @entity0 (1.2%). Increasing injury grade was associated with a greater nephrectomy (RR 12-127), dialysis (RR 1.3-4.7), and mortality (RR 1.3-1.9) rate for blunt @entity1 . For penetrating injury, nephrectomy was the only outcome that was associated with higher grades of @entity1 with a RR of 7.7 to 31 for grades III to V @entity2 . CONCLUSION: The AAST injury scale for kidney predicts for morbidity in blunt and penetrating @entity1 and for mortality in @entity3 . Thus, we continue to support its use as a clinical and research tool.

title: American Association for the Surgery of @entity2 Scale for kidney @entity2 predicts nephrectomy, dialysis, and death in XXXX with @entity3 and nephrectomy for penetrating @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ocular involvement in cicatricial pemphigoid often occurs from the onset. Certain forms are seen only in this condition. OBSERVATION: A 31-year-old @entity0 presented highly inflammatory @entity10 for several months associated with bilateral symblepharons and superficial punctuate @entity6 around the left eye refractory to treatment. The @entity0 had a history of mouth @entity7 and sores on the scalp. Examination showed scalp lesions with crusts. Histological examination of these lesions revealed @entity11 . Direct immunofluorescence showed @entity2 . Anti-basal membrane antibodies were positive. Immunotransfer confirmed the presence of circulating antibodies. This condition was controlled following administration of three courses of @entity4 as a bolus. However, the symblepharons persisted in both eyes. Improvement lasted 4 years. The @entity0 again consulted for inflammatory @entity10 and @entity6 resulting in invalidating loss of visual acuity, associated with @entity9 . @entity5 eye drops alone resulted in no improvement. Treatment was initiated with topical @entity8 (Protopic) 0.03% comprising once-daily application to the conjunctiva in the evening. This therapy was well tolerated, and 2 daily applications could be given, followed by a dosage of 0.1%. Improvement was rapid and spectacular, with @entity1 and resolution of the @entity0 's @entity6 . Treatment was continued for 4 months and gradually reduced to the 0.03% dosage level, with increasingly wide intervals between applications. There has been no relapse within the 12 months following the end of treatment. DISCUSSION: Standard treatment of pharmacological cicatricial pemphigoid involves systemic immunosuppression since topical anti-inflammatories are ineffective. The mortality associated with this disease is due to iatrogenic complications. @entity8 exhibits extremely good penetration of the conjunctiva. Following administration at a concentration of 0.06% 3 times daily in 15 @entity0 with inflammatory disease of the conjunctiva or the @entity3 , improvement was seen in 10 of these @entity0 at 26 weeks. @entity8 appears to act through immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. It induces local inhibition of T lymphocyte activation and reduces production of pro-inflammatory lymphokines. Oral @entity8 cannot be used to control cicatricial pemphigoid refractory to standard immunomodulators. However, 3 three other cases involving topical treatment of cicatricial pemphigoid showed marked efficacy of treatment given for 2 to 6 months, with complete tolerability. Thus, topical @entity8 appears to constitute an interesting alternative treatment in cicatricial pemphigoid.

title: [Topical XXXX treatment for ocular cicatricial pemphigoid].

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the effects of a late evening snack (LES), of 200 kcal of @entity3 ball, on energy metabolism in cirrhotic @entity0 . Impaired nutritional metabolism has been associated with @entity1 , and frequent intake of small meals may prevent early-onset starvation, and maintain nourishment in these @entity0 . SUBJECTS: Twenty-one cirrhotic @entity0 and 26 control subjects (Control) were recruited for this study. @entity0 were subsequently treated by LES (LC-LES) and by a non-LES regimen (LC-NLES). METHOD: Resting energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) were assessed by indirect calorimetry at 0830, 1130 and 1430. Blood @entity2 and non-esterified @entity4 ( @entity5 ) were measured just before the energy metabolism measurements. The regular diet included three major meals and LES, at 0900, 1200, 1800 and 2100, respectively. The Control and LC-NLES groups received only the major meals, whereas the LC-LES group received three meals plus 200 kcal LES for 7 days. There was no difference in the total energy intake among Control, LC-NLES and LC-LES groups. RESULTS: Respiratory quotient in LC-NLES was significantly lower than that of Control at 0830. Respiratory quotient value in LC-LES significantly elevated from that in LC-NLES. The RQ values did not differ among Control, LC-NLES and LC-LES at 2 h after the meal (1130 and 1430). Non-esterified @entity4 in LC-LES were lower than that in LC-NLES after overnight fasting. CONCLUSIONS: The ingestion of a 200 kcal @entity3 ball LES can improve the nutritional metabolism in cirrhotic @entity0 .

title: Effect of late evening snack with @entity3 ball on energy metabolism in liver XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the effects of a late evening snack (LES), of 200 kcal of @entity3 ball, on energy metabolism in cirrhotic @entity0 . Impaired nutritional metabolism has been associated with @entity1 , and frequent intake of small meals may prevent early-onset starvation, and maintain nourishment in these @entity0 . SUBJECTS: Twenty-one cirrhotic @entity0 and 26 control subjects (Control) were recruited for this study. @entity0 were subsequently treated by LES (LC-LES) and by a non-LES regimen (LC-NLES). METHOD: Resting energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) were assessed by indirect calorimetry at 0830, 1130 and 1430. Blood @entity2 and non-esterified @entity4 ( @entity5 ) were measured just before the energy metabolism measurements. The regular diet included three major meals and LES, at 0900, 1200, 1800 and 2100, respectively. The Control and LC-NLES groups received only the major meals, whereas the LC-LES group received three meals plus 200 kcal LES for 7 days. There was no difference in the total energy intake among Control, LC-NLES and LC-LES groups. RESULTS: Respiratory quotient in LC-NLES was significantly lower than that of Control at 0830. Respiratory quotient value in LC-LES significantly elevated from that in LC-NLES. The RQ values did not differ among Control, LC-NLES and LC-LES at 2 h after the meal (1130 and 1430). Non-esterified @entity4 in LC-LES were lower than that in LC-NLES after overnight fasting. CONCLUSIONS: The ingestion of a 200 kcal @entity3 ball LES can improve the nutritional metabolism in cirrhotic @entity0 .

title: Effect of late evening snack with XXXX ball on energy metabolism in liver @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a chronic inflammatory disease that frequently affects @entity0 aged >or=65 years, causing significant impairment with @entity4 . Elderly @entity5 @entity0 have specific problems, including co-morbid diseases, numerous concomitant medications, greater number of damaged joints as a result of @entity3 and often a more severe disease presentation in elderly-onset @entity5 . These factors, together with an age-related decline in the immune defence mechanisms, make elderly @entity0 more vulnerable. The new era of biologic medications has made intensive treatment of @entity5 patients possible. Anti- @entity1 @entity2 factor-alpha (anti- @entity6 ) agents can cause a dramatic improvement in disease activity and functional capacity, making complete remission of @entity5 a possible target. @entity6 has been shown to play an important role in both the healthy aging process and age-related diseases such as @entity5 . Targeting this cytokine in elderly @entity0 is therefore reasonable. However, it is not clear whether treatment effects can be reached to the same extent in both elderly and younger @entity0 and whether anti- @entity6 treatment specifically increases the risk of certain adverse events in elderly @entity5 @entity0 . This review discusses the currently available evidence relating to the efficacy and safety of anti- @entity6 medication in @entity5 @entity0 aged >or=65 years treated in clinical trials and observational studies. Despite a slightly less robust effect in elderly patients, anti- @entity6 treatment has a similar long-term efficacy in @entity0 aged >or=65 years and @entity0 aged <65 years. The majority of the study results showed that anti- @entity6 treatment does not elevate the risk of infections beyond the risk found in age-matched controls. When a moderate increase in risk was found, this occurred equally in elderly and younger @entity0 . Furthermore, whereas anti- @entity6 agents were found to be relatively safe in the treatment of elderly @entity5 @entity0 , treatment with corticosteroids significantly elevated the risk of serious infections. Corticosteroids are frequently used in elderly @entity0 , but the evidence suggests that preference should increasingly be given to anti- @entity6 agents, for which the expected benefits will mostly outweigh the modestly increased risks of associated adverse events.

title: Tumour @entity2 factor-alpha antagonists in the management of XXXX in the elderly: a review of their efficacy and safety.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a chronic inflammatory disease that frequently affects @entity0 aged >or=65 years, causing significant impairment with @entity4 . Elderly @entity5 @entity0 have specific problems, including co-morbid diseases, numerous concomitant medications, greater number of damaged joints as a result of @entity3 and often a more severe disease presentation in elderly-onset @entity5 . These factors, together with an age-related decline in the immune defence mechanisms, make elderly @entity0 more vulnerable. The new era of biologic medications has made intensive treatment of @entity5 patients possible. Anti- @entity1 @entity2 factor-alpha (anti- @entity6 ) agents can cause a dramatic improvement in disease activity and functional capacity, making complete remission of @entity5 a possible target. @entity6 has been shown to play an important role in both the healthy aging process and age-related diseases such as @entity5 . Targeting this cytokine in elderly @entity0 is therefore reasonable. However, it is not clear whether treatment effects can be reached to the same extent in both elderly and younger @entity0 and whether anti- @entity6 treatment specifically increases the risk of certain adverse events in elderly @entity5 @entity0 . This review discusses the currently available evidence relating to the efficacy and safety of anti- @entity6 medication in @entity5 @entity0 aged >or=65 years treated in clinical trials and observational studies. Despite a slightly less robust effect in elderly patients, anti- @entity6 treatment has a similar long-term efficacy in @entity0 aged >or=65 years and @entity0 aged <65 years. The majority of the study results showed that anti- @entity6 treatment does not elevate the risk of infections beyond the risk found in age-matched controls. When a moderate increase in risk was found, this occurred equally in elderly and younger @entity0 . Furthermore, whereas anti- @entity6 agents were found to be relatively safe in the treatment of elderly @entity5 @entity0 , treatment with corticosteroids significantly elevated the risk of serious infections. Corticosteroids are frequently used in elderly @entity0 , but the evidence suggests that preference should increasingly be given to anti- @entity6 agents, for which the expected benefits will mostly outweigh the modestly increased risks of associated adverse events.

title: Tumour XXXX factor-alpha antagonists in the management of @entity5 in the elderly: a review of their efficacy and safety.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Retrospective evaluation of MRI in the diagnosis of renal masses and determination of the correlation of MRI with histology or follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 46 consecutive @entity0 (13 female, 33 male, mean age 64.7 yrs) with suspected @entity4 were examined with a 1.5 T MR scanner using a standardized protocol (TSE T2fs, 2DGRE T1, dynam. ce3DGRE T1fs, ce2DGRE T1fs, ce3DGRE urogram). RESULTS: 142 @entity2 were found with diameters of < 2 cm up to 14 x 18 cm. A primary classification as solid and @entity6 was performed according to MRI criteria. In 29 cases we found lesions bilaterally, in 17 @entity0 only in one kidney, and in four cases we found multifocal @entity4 unilaterally (n = 3) or bilaterally (n = 1). In 22 @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity6 could be seen as well. In 19 cases these were uncomplicated cysts, and in 3 cases these were complicated cysts. 35/43 lesions were histologically proven solid vascularized @entity1 (29 @entity5 , 6 @entity3 ), five additional masses with @entity1 signs in MRI appeared to be progressive during follow-up thus suggesting @entity1 , and one case was a multifocal bilateral @entity4 . 3/43 lesions were initially reported as being suspected of @entity1 but were proven during follow-up or histologically to be benign. @entity1 thrombus was depicted in MRI in the renal vein in 5 cases, stretching into the IVC in 4 cases and proven histologically in 4 and 3 cases, respectively. Of these solid masses, 99 @entity6 could be differentiated clearly in MRI (88 simple cysts, 11 complicated cysts) that remained unchanged during follow-up (6 - 65 months) or were proven to be cysts histologically. In 17 cases these cysts were bilateral, in 19 cases unilateral, and 33 kidneys showed multicystic changes. In characterizing renal masses, MRI showed a positive predictive value of 93 % for the diagnosis of a @entity1 . The T-stage of histologically proven @entity5 using MRI was correct in 89 %. CONCLUSIONS: MRI is a valid modality for characterizing and staging renal masses using a suitable sequence protocol that includes dynamic ce studies. @entity1 invasion can be depicted safely. MRI can be employed alternatively to state-of-the-art ceCT and additionally to CT in unclear cases.

title: [Characterization and staging of XXXX : significance of MRI diagnostics].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To decrease the morbidity associated with cut-downs during @entity3 repair, some authors have suggested the totally percutaneous endovascular repair (PEVAR). The goal of this report is to evaluate and describe our centre's experience with the total percutaneous @entity3 repair (PEVAR) for @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 15 consecutive @entity0 with @entity6 , including 1 with right common @entity7 . RESULTS: There were 12 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 with a mean age of 74 (standard deviation [SD] 2) years who underwent PEVAR with a Perclose ProGlide suture-mediated closure system between July 2007 and July 2008. All surgeries were elective. Forty percent of @entity0 had a history of smoking, 73% were @entity2 , 33% were @entity1 , 20% had @entity8 and 40% had @entity4 . Fourteen @entity0 had bilateral deployment for bifurcated devices (7 bifurcated Gore Excluder, 7 bifurcated Cook Zenith grafts), and 1 @entity0 had unilateral deployment for a Cook Zenith device. The outer diameter of the sheaths used for puncture sites was on average 18.1-Fr (SD 0.6), with main bodies being 21.1-Fr (SD 0.3) and contralateral sides 15-Fr (SD 0.3). Procedural success was 93%, with 1 @entity0 requiring a femoral artery cut-down because of failure of the Perclose device to deploy in the groin. Another @entity0 had persistent @entity5 in 1 puncture site that stopped with skin suturing. @entity3 repair was 100% with no conversion to open surgery and no type-I endoleaks. The mean length of stay in hospital was 2.2 (SD 0.4) days. There were no long-term groin complications at 6 (SD 1) months' follow-up. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first Canadian report of experience with PEVAR using the Perclose device. The technique is safe, reliable and allows discharge of @entity0 soon after surgery.

title: Canadian experience with percutaneous XXXX repair: short-term outcomes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECT: The aim of this study was to compare @entity2 and memory outcome in @entity0 with medically refractory mesial @entity3 due to @entity1 (MTLE/HS) treated using an anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) or a selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SA). METHODS: Surgical outcome data were prospectively collected for 2 to 11 years in 161 consecutive @entity0 with MTLE/ HS. Eighty @entity0 underwent an ATL and 81 an SA. @entity2 control achieved with each technique was compared using the Engel classification scheme. Postoperative memory testing was performed in 86 @entity0 (53%). At the last follow up, 72% of the @entity0 who had undergone an ATL (mean follow up 6.7 years) and 71% of those who had undergone an SA (mean follow up 4.5 years) were @entity2 free (Engle Class IA). Estimated survival in @entity0 in Engel Classes I, IA, and I and II combined did not differ between the two surgical techniques. Preoperatively, 58% of the @entity0 had verbal memory scores one @entity5 ( @entity5 ) below the normal mean. One third of the @entity0 with preoperative scores in the normal range worsened after surgery, although this outcome was not related to the surgical technique. In contrast, one third of those whose preoperative scores were less than -1 @entity5 experienced improvement after surgery. Nine (18%) of the 50 @entity0 whose left side had been surgically treated improved their verbal memory scores by more than one @entity5 . Seven (78%) of these nine underwent an SA (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both ATL and SA can lead to similar favorable @entity2 control in @entity0 with MTLE/HS. Preliminary data suggest that postoperative verbal memory scores may improve in @entity0 who undergo selective resection of a @entity4 hippocampus in the dominant temporal lobe.

title: @entity2 and memory outcome following temporal lobe surgery: selective compared with nonselective approaches for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECT: The aim of this study was to compare @entity2 and memory outcome in @entity0 with medically refractory mesial @entity3 due to @entity1 (MTLE/HS) treated using an anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) or a selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SA). METHODS: Surgical outcome data were prospectively collected for 2 to 11 years in 161 consecutive @entity0 with MTLE/ HS. Eighty @entity0 underwent an ATL and 81 an SA. @entity2 control achieved with each technique was compared using the Engel classification scheme. Postoperative memory testing was performed in 86 @entity0 (53%). At the last follow up, 72% of the @entity0 who had undergone an ATL (mean follow up 6.7 years) and 71% of those who had undergone an SA (mean follow up 4.5 years) were @entity2 free (Engle Class IA). Estimated survival in @entity0 in Engel Classes I, IA, and I and II combined did not differ between the two surgical techniques. Preoperatively, 58% of the @entity0 had verbal memory scores one @entity5 ( @entity5 ) below the normal mean. One third of the @entity0 with preoperative scores in the normal range worsened after surgery, although this outcome was not related to the surgical technique. In contrast, one third of those whose preoperative scores were less than -1 @entity5 experienced improvement after surgery. Nine (18%) of the 50 @entity0 whose left side had been surgically treated improved their verbal memory scores by more than one @entity5 . Seven (78%) of these nine underwent an SA (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both ATL and SA can lead to similar favorable @entity2 control in @entity0 with MTLE/HS. Preliminary data suggest that postoperative verbal memory scores may improve in @entity0 who undergo selective resection of a @entity4 hippocampus in the dominant temporal lobe.

title: XXXX and memory outcome following temporal lobe surgery: selective compared with nonselective approaches for @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Adipose tissue has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of various disease states, including @entity3 . We investigated the association of cytokines and growth factors secreted by periprostatic adipose tissue with pathological features of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Periprostatic adipose tissue was harvested from @entity0 undergoing radical prostatectomy and cultured for 24 hours to generate conditioned medium or snap frozen immediately for functional signaling profiling. Multiplex analysis of the periprostatic adipose tissue conditioned medium was used to detect cytokine levels and compared to patient matched serum from 7 @entity0 . @entity4 in serum and periprostatic adipose tissue conditioned medium was further analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and correlated with clinical variables, such as age, body mass index and Gleason score, in 45 @entity0 . @entity4 expression in periprostatic adipose tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. Reverse phase protein microarray technology was used to analyze cell signaling networks in periprostatic adipose tissue. RESULTS: @entity4 in periprostatic adipose tissue conditioned medium was approximately 375 times greater than that in patient matched serum and levels correlated with pathological grade. This finding was further extended by cell signaling analysis of periprostatic adipose tissue, which showed greater phosphorylation on @entity5 with high grade @entity1 (any component of Gleason score 4 or 5). CONCLUSIONS: Higher Gleason score correlated with high levels of conditioned medium derived @entity4 . Moreover, cell signaling analysis of periprostatic adipose tissue identified activated signaling molecules, including @entity5 , that correlated with Gleason score. Since @entity5 is @entity4 regulated, these findings suggest that periprostatic adipose tissue may have a role in modulating @entity3 @entity2 by serving as a source of @entity4 . Also, we found low numbers of inflammatory cells in the fat, suggesting that adipocytes are the major secretors of @entity4 .

title: Periprostatic adipose tissue as a modulator of XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Adipose tissue has been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of various disease states, including @entity3 . We investigated the association of cytokines and growth factors secreted by periprostatic adipose tissue with pathological features of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Periprostatic adipose tissue was harvested from @entity0 undergoing radical prostatectomy and cultured for 24 hours to generate conditioned medium or snap frozen immediately for functional signaling profiling. Multiplex analysis of the periprostatic adipose tissue conditioned medium was used to detect cytokine levels and compared to patient matched serum from 7 @entity0 . @entity4 in serum and periprostatic adipose tissue conditioned medium was further analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and correlated with clinical variables, such as age, body mass index and Gleason score, in 45 @entity0 . @entity4 expression in periprostatic adipose tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. Reverse phase protein microarray technology was used to analyze cell signaling networks in periprostatic adipose tissue. RESULTS: @entity4 in periprostatic adipose tissue conditioned medium was approximately 375 times greater than that in patient matched serum and levels correlated with pathological grade. This finding was further extended by cell signaling analysis of periprostatic adipose tissue, which showed greater phosphorylation on @entity5 with high grade @entity1 (any component of Gleason score 4 or 5). CONCLUSIONS: Higher Gleason score correlated with high levels of conditioned medium derived @entity4 . Moreover, cell signaling analysis of periprostatic adipose tissue identified activated signaling molecules, including @entity5 , that correlated with Gleason score. Since @entity5 is @entity4 regulated, these findings suggest that periprostatic adipose tissue may have a role in modulating @entity3 @entity2 by serving as a source of @entity4 . Also, we found low numbers of inflammatory cells in the fat, suggesting that adipocytes are the major secretors of @entity4 .

title: Periprostatic adipose tissue as a modulator of @entity3 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A clearer understanding of the various abnormalities which may develop in relation to the experimental or clinical bile @entity3 will be of value to the laboratory worker as well as to the physician and surgeon. A better comprehension of these diseased conditions will make for a saner analysis of the great mass of experimental data relating to the various types of bile @entity3 . Too frequently in the literature the bile @entity3 material is used to debate a physiological state whereas in reality the animal is in a pathological condition. It is possible but not easy to keep a bile @entity3 @entity2 in a normal state for months or years if proper attention is given to the diet and physical state. The most significant abnormalities are-intestinal disturbances, spontaneous @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity8 and duodenal @entity6 . Three types of bile @entity3 were used in our experiments and each one has its advantages and disadvantages. @entity11 is best controlled by diet, by whole bile or @entity9 or combinations of @entity2 and ox bile. Spontaneous @entity4 seems to be due to the loss of something by way of the bile and this can be prevented by bile feeding. The @entity7 appears to be a lack of prothrombin. @entity1 appears inevitably after many months if bile is excluded from the intestine. This state is related to the lack of absorption of @entity5 . It is of some interest that liver feeding will prevent it. @entity10 and @entity8 are common in bile @entity3 @entity2 and absolute control or prevention is not easy. It may be restated that bile secretion into the intestine is necessary for normal health and even for actual continuation of life beyond a few months' period. Some of these experimental data should be of value to physicians and surgeons in the care and study of @entity0 @entity3 cases and should emphasize the necessity of prompt dietary control.

title: BILE FISTULAS AND RELATED ABNORMALITIES : BLEEDING, OSTEOPOROSIS, XXXX AND DUODENAL ULCERS.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity11 is a rare, frightening, and potentially tragic complication of @entity3 pregnancies, usually developing within 48 hours of delivery. @entity5 occurring days to weeks after parturition are exceedingly uncommon and require rapid, precise clinical evaluation by multiple specialists. METHODS: A case presentation of delayed @entity11 illustrates unique features of the syndrome. Extensive review of the literature highlights pathogenesis, controversies, and dilemmas surrounding this enigmatic @entity3 . RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: A 39-year-old @entity3 @entity0 had an uneventful full-term delivery by her family physician only to develop @entity2 , @entity8 , and recurrent @entity5 16 days later. Initial evaluation showed severe @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity12 . She was given a @entity9 infusion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) documented asymmetric ischemic foci within gray matter in the distribution of the posterior cerebral arteries. All symptoms, signs, and abnormal laboratory values resolved within 4 days. A follow-up MRI showed complete resolution of all cytotoxic cortical lesions. Based on @entity0 autopsy data, radiologic investigations, and animal studies, @entity11 is believed to result from explosive @entity10 , @entity4 , and cytotoxic @entity1 of cerebral cortex. This central nervous system vasculopathy is most prominent in the posterior cerebral vasculature and is often rapidly reversible. Difficulties in differential diagnosis, typical findings on neuroimaging, and urgent management strategies are discussed. The time limit for @entity11 probably should be lengthened to 4 weeks, as indicated by our case and other clinical series.

title: Late XXXX 16 days after delivery: case report with clinical, radiologic, and pathophysiologic correlations.

answer: @entity11


abstract: PURPOSE: The second dorsal metacarpal artery flap from the middle finger is a reconstructive technique that can be used to repair extensive @entity1 in a normal-length thumb. However, few reports advocate using it for coverage of @entity1 . In this article, an anatomic study of 9 flaps used for resurfacing thumb defects is presented along with the clinical experience of the authors. METHODS: From 2004 to 2006, 9 @entity0 (6 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 ; mean age, 33 years; range, 18-51 years) with extensive @entity1 of their normal-length thumbs had reconstruction using the described technique. In all cases, the first dorsal metacarpal artery flap technique was unable to be used because of injury. Donor sites were covered using full-thickness skin grafts. After surgery, the thumb was immobilized with a splint, followed by rehabilitation. During the follow-up period, which lasted 24 to 30 months, flap-site skin quality, @entity2 , and finger mobility were assessed. The range of motion of the hand was measured by a goniometer. Sensibility was evaluated by the 2-point discrimination test and the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament test. Cold intolerance was also assessed. RESULTS: @entity0 postoperative courses were uneventful, and all flaps survived completely without complication. Good coverage was obtained in all cases. Full active range of motion was observed in all @entity0 in both the donor finger and the thumb. The mean Semmes-Weinstein sensitivity and 2-point discrimination scores of the flap were 4.02 g and 8.4 mm, respectively. Mild cold intolerance was observed in all of the thumbs. CONCLUSIONS: The second dorsal metacarpal artery flap from the middle finger is a single-stage flap that produces good results. Although its pedicle length is limited, it is reliable and can be used as an alternative for reconstruction of extensive thumb-pulp defects, especially when the first dorsal metacarpal artery flap cannot be used. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.

title: Second dorsal metacarpal artery flap from the dorsum of the middle finger for coverage of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Aim of the study was elaboration of indications to the application of postponed percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in acute period of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 without prior thrombolytic therapy. We fulfilled comparative assessment of efficacy of 3 strategies of treatment of 810 @entity0 admitted to the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Urgent @entity4 from 2003 to 2007: primary PCI carried out within first 12 hours (n=32), postponed PCI in acute period because of initially elevated risk (n=90), conservative treatment without reperfusion therapy (n=688). Elevated risk of @entity1 according to TIMI score was used as the basis for establishment of indications for postponed interventions. Right ventricular involvement and repeat MI were considered as additional predictors. The data obtained indicate that elevated risk of @entity1 allows to detect @entity0 with high rate of persisting occlusions and subtotal stenoses in @entity3 related artery. Reperfusion therapy appears to be the main component of treatment of such @entity0 . Necessity to perform primary PCI within first 12 hours does not exclude possibility of its later use in acute period of MI. Both strategies allow to substantially lower rates of complications and lethal outcomes. Shortening of terms of application of reperfusion therapy gives an opportunity to prevent most of unfavorable outcomes. Success of postponed interventions in acute period of MI opens opportunities of their active use in @entity0 from other hospitals.

title: [Early and postponed percutaneous coronary interventions in acute period of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: In this study, we present the results of surgery and chemotherapy and the impact of various prognostic factors on survival in @entity0 with @entity2 with a follow-up of 6 years. All of the 328 cases were @entity3 histologically and had a median age of 55 years. Median survival was 11 months, and the 5-year survival rate was 18%. Nonmetastatic cases were associated with improved survival as compared with the cases with @entity1 (p<0.001). @entity0 with gastrectomy had improved survival (p<0.001). Subtotal gastrectomized @entity0 had better survival rates in comparison to the total gastrectomized @entity0 (p = 0.03). Addition of splenectomy to total gastrectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy did not influence survival rates (p>0.05). In metastatic @entity0 , we determined beneficial effects of gastrectomy and chemotherapy on survival. The benefit was most predominant in chemoresponsive @entity0 (p<0.001). Higher serum CA 19.9 levels in @entity0 without @entity1 , higher serum @entity4 dehydrogenase and carcinoembryonic antigen levels in @entity0 with @entity1 , and lower serum albumin levels in both stages were determined as significant predictors of poor survival. On multivariate analysis, only higher serum CA 19.9 level was the independent unfavorable prognostic factor of survival time in nonmetastatic @entity0 (p = 0.008). In @entity1 , older age (p = 0.03) and male gender (p = 0.05) were associated with poorer survival. In conclusion, @entity2 is a great health problem, especially in developing countries, and we need more optimal approaches and treatment modalities for @entity2 .

title: The roles of chemotherapy and surgery in XXXX and the influence of prognostic factors on survival.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. A pure strain of fibroblasts has been isolated from the Jensen @entity1 @entity2 . The cells give rise to @entity0 on transplantation into animals and during several months of life in vitro have maintained their malignancy unchanged. 2. The malignant cells are generally coarser and more refringent than normal cells. They possess the cytological characteristics of fibroblasts without showing any morphological abnormality. They can be considered as healthy cells. The texture of their colonies is looser than that of normal fibroblasts and @entity2 No. 10 fibroblasts. Their residual activity does not differ markedly from the normal. They proliferate unlimitedly in a nutrient medium. 3. They liquefy the fibrin of @entity1 plasma and turn @entity5 red golden yellow. They do not liquefy the fibrin of @entity4 plasma. 4. They multiply in @entity4 embryo juice, @entity3 liver digest, and also in rat serum. Their growth activity is increased by the presence of bone marrow. 5. The unlimited growth of @entity6 within the body may possibly be attributed to the ability of the fibroblasts to maintain themselves upon the substances present in rat serum. This property itself probably depends upon the increased enzyme activity of the cells.

title: THE FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF THE FIBROBLAST AND THE MACROPHAGE : IV. THE MALIGNANT FIBROBLAST OF JENSEN XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 represents a unique model insofar as some well-differentiated @entity1 progress to non-lipogenic, so-called 'dedifferentiated,' forms. The well-differentiated and dedifferentiated family of @entity1 demonstrates amplification of the chromosome subregion 12q13-q15 with resultant amplification of the @entity2 and @entity3 genes. However, the specific genetic changes that distinguish between well-differentiated and @entity1 are less well understood. To study the genetic changes in @entity1 , @entity0 were analyzed separately by array-based comparative genomic hybridization. A bacterial artificial chromosome array at approximately 1-Mb resolution was used. The genetic changes were compared with clinical presentation, grade of the dedifferentiated component and overexpression of @entity2 and @entity3 . Most @entity0 (n=21, 72%) were retroperitoneal, with both components present at initial diagnosis (n=25, 86%). @entity0 (28%) were classified as low-grade dedifferentiation. In four cases (14%), a well-differentiated @entity1 preceded the presentation of the dedifferentiated @entity0 by 1-5 years. 12q13-q15 was amplified in all @entity0 . Using unsupervised hierarchical clustering of copy-number changes, all but two @entity0 showed close similarities between well-differentiated and dedifferentiated components, and segregated as pairs. Dedifferentiated components had more total amplifications (P=0.008) and a trend for gain at 19q13.2, but no genetic changes were significant in distinguishing between the two components. High-level amplifications of 1p21-32 (n=7, 24%), 1q21-23 (n=9, 31%), 6q23-24 (n=6, 21%) and 12q24 (n=3, 10%) were common, but none significantly correlated with differentiation. Presentation and grade correlated with the frequency of changes at a number of genetic loci (P<0.001), whereas @entity3 immunostaining showed negative correlation with 12q13.13 amplification. The genotypic similarity, at the limit of the array's resolution, between components implies that most genetic changes precede phenotypic 'progression,' early in tumorigenesis. The relationship between genetic changes and presentation or grade may reflect differences in factors that control genomic instability or the background genotype of the @entity0 .

title: Similarity in genetic alterations between paired well-differentiated and dedifferentiated components of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. An instance of successful inoculation of @entity1 virus after preservation for 8 years in 50 per cent @entity0 is reported. 2. The virulence of the material injected remained essentially unchanged during this period. 3. The fact that @entity1 virus will survive in @entity0 for so great a period may be taken as further indication of the improbability of streptococci as the inciting organisms. 4. @entity1 virus would seem to vary in its resistance to glycerolation. 5. The remarkable persistence of active virus outside of the body may have a bearing on the epidemiology of @entity1 .

title: SURVIVAL OF THE VIRUS OF POLIOMYELITIS FOR EIGHT YEARS IN XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To systematically review the literature and to determine the clinical performance of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for the treatment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: RCTs on @entity1 treatment with 12 months of follow-up were identified through electronic databases and hand-searched journals. Primary outcomes were tooth survival, clinical attachment (CAL) gain, @entity0 ( @entity0 ) reduction and @entity3 increase (REC). Weighted means and forest plots were calculated for each outcome variable 12 months after surgery. Long-term stability was explored with RCTs of at least 24 months of follow-up. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the type of flap. RESULTS: Twenty-seven trials reporting 647 subjects and 734 defects were identified. Twelve months after @entity2 , tooth survival was 98% (IQ: 96.77-100), CAL gain 1.65 mm (95% CI: 1.37-1.94; p < 0.0001), @entity0 reduction 2.80 mm (CI: 2.43-3.18; p < 0.0001) and REC increase 1.26 mm (CI: 0.94-1.49; p < 0.0001). Longer follow-up showed similar findings. CI of CAL gain were 1.44-3.52 for recently introduced papilla preservation flaps and 1.25-1.89 mm for access flaps. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of @entity1 with @entity2 is associated with high tooth retention and improvement of periodontal clinical parameters. Clinical performance may vary according to the type of surgical flap used.

title: Clinical performance of access flap surgery in the treatment of the XXXX . A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

answer: @entity1


abstract: beta-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation was investigated in ring preparations of @entity0 isolated thoracic aorta. Rings were pre-constricted with a sub-maximal concentration of @entity1 (1 microM) and relaxant responses to cumulative concentrations of beta-adrenoceptor agonists obtained. The concentration-response curve (CRC) to @entity3 was shifted to the right by @entity2 (0.3 microM) with a steepening of the slope. Estimation of the magnitude of the shift from EC(50) values gave a pA(2) of 7.6. Selective beta(1)- and @entity6 antagonists, @entity8 (0.1 microM) and @entity7 (0.1 microM), respectively, produced 4 and 14 fold shifts of the @entity3 CRC. Atypical beta-adrenoceptor agonists also produced concentration-dependent relaxation of aortic rings. The order of potency of the beta-adrenoceptor agonists was (-log EC(50)): @entity3 (6. 25)> @entity10 (5.59)> @entity3 + @entity2 (5.11)> @entity4 (4.40)> @entity12 (4.24)> @entity13 (4.07)> @entity5 (3.89). Relaxation to @entity4 and @entity13 was unaffected by @entity2 (0.3 microM). SR 59230A (</=1 microM) and @entity10 (1 microM), @entity9 antagonists, had no effect on the @entity3 (in the presence of @entity2 ) or @entity4 CRCs. @entity11 and @entity8 , at microM concentrations (beta(4)-adrenceptor antagonists), inhibited responses to @entity3 (in the presence of @entity2 ) and @entity4 . In conclusion, atypical beta-adrenoceptors co-exist with beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenoceptors in @entity0 aorta. Although non-conventional partial agonists and selective @entity9 agonist cause relaxation, the vascular atypical beta-adrenoceptor does not appear to correspond to the @entity9 . There are, however, similarities with the putative beta(4)-adrenoceptor.

title: Beta 1-, beta 2- and atypical beta-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation in XXXX isolated aorta.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity9 (SPP) acts as a first messenger in immortalized @entity0 airway epithelial cells (CFNPE9o(-)), possibly interacting with an Edg family receptor. Expression of the SPP receptors @entity10 and @entity14 , as well as a low level of @entity13 /H218, was detected in these cells, in agreement with their ability to specifically bind SPP. The related lipids, @entity7 and @entity8 , were unable to displace SPP from its high affinity binding sites, suggesting that the biological responses to these different lysolipids are mediated by distinct receptors. SPP markedly inhibited @entity4 -stimulated @entity1 accumulation in a dose-dependent manner and caused a remarkable elevation of intracellular @entity2 , both effects being sensitive to pertussis toxin treatment. Most importantly, SPP stimulated @entity12 formation, which was maximal after 2 min and decreased within 8-10 min. In the presence of @entity16 , suppression of SPP-induced @entity12 formation and production of @entity17 were found, clearly indicating activation of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). This finding was also confirmed by analysis of the @entity3 composition of @entity12 , showing an increase in the monounsaturated @entity6 only. The decrease of @entity12 level after 8-10 min incubation with SPP was accompanied by a parallel increase of @entity5 production, which was abolished in the presence of @entity16 . This result indicates that activation of @entity15 is followed by stimulation of @entity11 phosphohydrolase activity. @entity12 formation was insensitive to protein kinase C inhibitors and almost completely inhibited by pertussis toxin treatment, suggesting that SPP activates @entity15 via a G(i/o) protein-coupled receptor.

title: @entity9 activates XXXX in @entity0 airway epithelial cells via a G protein-coupled receptor.

answer: @entity15


abstract: @entity9 (SPP) acts as a first messenger in immortalized @entity0 airway epithelial cells (CFNPE9o(-)), possibly interacting with an Edg family receptor. Expression of the SPP receptors @entity10 and @entity14 , as well as a low level of @entity13 /H218, was detected in these cells, in agreement with their ability to specifically bind SPP. The related lipids, @entity7 and @entity8 , were unable to displace SPP from its high affinity binding sites, suggesting that the biological responses to these different lysolipids are mediated by distinct receptors. SPP markedly inhibited @entity4 -stimulated @entity1 accumulation in a dose-dependent manner and caused a remarkable elevation of intracellular @entity2 , both effects being sensitive to pertussis toxin treatment. Most importantly, SPP stimulated @entity12 formation, which was maximal after 2 min and decreased within 8-10 min. In the presence of @entity16 , suppression of SPP-induced @entity12 formation and production of @entity17 were found, clearly indicating activation of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). This finding was also confirmed by analysis of the @entity3 composition of @entity12 , showing an increase in the monounsaturated @entity6 only. The decrease of @entity12 level after 8-10 min incubation with SPP was accompanied by a parallel increase of @entity5 production, which was abolished in the presence of @entity16 . This result indicates that activation of @entity15 is followed by stimulation of @entity11 phosphohydrolase activity. @entity12 formation was insensitive to protein kinase C inhibitors and almost completely inhibited by pertussis toxin treatment, suggesting that SPP activates @entity15 via a G(i/o) protein-coupled receptor.

title: XXXX activates @entity15 in @entity0 airway epithelial cells via a G protein-coupled receptor.

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity9 (SPP) acts as a first messenger in immortalized @entity0 airway epithelial cells (CFNPE9o(-)), possibly interacting with an Edg family receptor. Expression of the SPP receptors @entity10 and @entity14 , as well as a low level of @entity13 /H218, was detected in these cells, in agreement with their ability to specifically bind SPP. The related lipids, @entity7 and @entity8 , were unable to displace SPP from its high affinity binding sites, suggesting that the biological responses to these different lysolipids are mediated by distinct receptors. SPP markedly inhibited @entity4 -stimulated @entity1 accumulation in a dose-dependent manner and caused a remarkable elevation of intracellular @entity2 , both effects being sensitive to pertussis toxin treatment. Most importantly, SPP stimulated @entity12 formation, which was maximal after 2 min and decreased within 8-10 min. In the presence of @entity16 , suppression of SPP-induced @entity12 formation and production of @entity17 were found, clearly indicating activation of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). This finding was also confirmed by analysis of the @entity3 composition of @entity12 , showing an increase in the monounsaturated @entity6 only. The decrease of @entity12 level after 8-10 min incubation with SPP was accompanied by a parallel increase of @entity5 production, which was abolished in the presence of @entity16 . This result indicates that activation of @entity15 is followed by stimulation of @entity11 phosphohydrolase activity. @entity12 formation was insensitive to protein kinase C inhibitors and almost completely inhibited by pertussis toxin treatment, suggesting that SPP activates @entity15 via a G(i/o) protein-coupled receptor.

title: @entity9 activates @entity15 in XXXX airway epithelial cells via a G protein-coupled receptor.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity2 requirements for dairy heifers (0.20-0.35%) and endogenous concentrations (0.20-35%) of P in feeds fed to dairy heifers are similar, suggesting that the need for supplemental P in dairy heifer diets may be minimal. Because long-term P feeding studies on dairy heifers are unavailable, 183 Holstein heifers and 182 backcross Holstein   Jersey heifers were offered diets with (SP=0.40% of dry matter) and without (NP=0.30% of dry matter) supplemental P from 4 to 22 mo of age in a replicated pen design. Forty-eight pens of 8 heifers each were split evenly by breed and treatment group. Heifers were evaluated for body weight (BW), external bone/frame growth, @entity1 , @entity0 BW, reproductive efficiency, and first-lactation performance. Growth phase data were analyzed using pen-based statistical models, and lactation data were analyzed using mixed linear models with effects of season of birth, age of dam, heifer pen, sire, sire birth year, and days in milk. Heifers fed NP had similar average daily gain from 170 to 410 and from 410 to 650 d of age compared with heifers fed SP. At 22 mo of age, heifers fed NP did not differ in BW, hip height, hip width, body length, heart girth, cannon bone circumference, or pelvic area compared with heifers fed SP. Blood P concentrations between heifers fed SP or NP did not differ at 8 or 18 mo of age, and heifers fed SP excreted more P (29.2 vs. 24.2g/d) than heifers fed NP. As heifers, services per conception and age at pregnancy were not different between heifers fed NP or SP. At parturition, heifers fed NP or SP had similar @entity1 scores and @entity0 were similar in BW. Complete first-lactation data (305 d) were available for 333 primiparous @entity0 , and @entity0 fed NP as heifers produced similar milk, fat, and protein compared with @entity0 fed SP as heifers. Days open, days in milk at first breeding, and services per conception also were similar for primiparous @entity0 fed NP or SP as heifers. No growth, reproductive, or lactation benefit was found by feeding dairy heifers diets containing 0.40% P compared with 0.30% P. Furthermore, P supplemented to SP heifers was simply excreted in the feces and not retained.

title: The effect of feeding dairy heifers diets with and without supplemental XXXX on growth, reproductive efficiency, health, and lactation performance.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 continues to represent the leading cause of long term disability despite positive achievements in the last few years. An estimated 50 million @entity3 survivors world wide currently cope with significant physical, cognitive, and @entity2 , and 25% to 74% of these survivors will require some assistance or are fully dependent on caregivers for activities of daily living. The interdisciplinary team approach, with the nurse playing the central role, is important across the continuum of care. Families must cope with the impact of stoke on their daily lives once the acute phase of @entity3 care is over. Studies have shown personal and environmental factors influence outcomes after @entity3 . @entity0 and family education during the acute phase of @entity3 care is vitally important. There is also a need to educate nursing and other members of the interdisciplinary team about the potential for recovery in the later or more chronic phases of @entity3 care. The goal of hospitals seeking and obtaining certification as a Primary @entity3 Center is to provide the best possible outcomes for @entity0 suffering a @entity3 . An organized evidence-based approach to each aspect of @entity3 care contributes to the quality of the outcomes and requires an infrastructure that the organized center can provide. @entity3 is a complex disease process that requires the skills of an interdisciplinary team. Prevention of medical complications and @entity1 is key in managing @entity0 with acute @entity4 . The use of clinical pathways and physician standing orders helps to guide the team in managing the care of @entity3 @entity0 in the acute phase of care. Traditionally the role of educating @entity0 and families about the modifiable and treatable risk factors, and the nonmodifiable risk factors for @entity3 has been a nursing responsibility. Because @entity0 education is a performance standard for primary @entity3 centers, nurses must be well informed regarding evidence-based practices associated with effective lifestyle modification strategies for a diverse population.

title: Comprehensive care of adults with acute XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of speckle tracking in the assessment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) deformation dynamics has not been established yet. The reference ranges of @entity1 @entity2 indices were measured by speckle tracking in a population of normal subjects. METHODS: In 84 healthy individuals, peak @entity2 (PALS), peak atrial contraction strain (PACS), and time to peak @entity2 (TPLS) were measured using a six-segment model for the @entity1 . Strain rate (SR) was also measured starting from the QRS-wave onset, peak positive (x-wave), first peak negative (y-wave), and second negative peak (z-wave). The time from the QRS onset was measured to each wave peak. RESULTS: Adequate tracking quality was achieved in 64% of segments analyzed. Inter- and intraobserver variability coefficients of measurements ranged between 6% and 11%. Global PALS was 49    13%, global TPLS was 363    59 msec, x-wave was 2.12    0.58 @entity3 ) , y-wave was -1.91    0.63 @entity3 ) , and z-wave was -2.18    0.78 @entity3 ) . CONCLUSION: Speckle tracking is a feasible technique for the assessment of longitudinal myocardial @entity0 . Reference ranges of strain indices were reported.

title: Reference values of right XXXX imaging by two-dimensional speckle tracking.

answer: @entity2