abstract: There is a complex relationship between the thyroid and @entity2 factor (IGF) axes. IGFs circulate in association with six specific high affinity binding proteins (IGFBPs) that modulate their bioactivity and bioavailability. Recent evidence suggests that gene expression and circulating levels of IGFBPs are related to prevailing thyroid hormone status. We have investigated the effects of both withdrawal and reinstitution of thyroid hormone replacement on circulating IGF and IGFBP levels in @entity9 @entity0 (n = 10). The mean @entity1 concentration fell from a basal level of 191.8 +/- 12 micrograms/L to a nadir of 136.4 +/- 17.8 micrograms/L (P = 0.026) 5 weeks after stopping T4 treatment and returned to normal values 3 weeks after recommencement of replacement treatment. The fall in @entity6 levels followed a similar pattern from a basal mean level of 649 +/- 33.7 to 547 +/- 42.7 micrograms/L (P = 0.026) at 5 weeks. These changes paralleled the fall in free T3 and free T4. Similarly, @entity7 levels fell after stopping T4 treatment from a basal level of 54.8 +/- 4.0 to 24.6 +/- 7.0 micrograms/L (P = 0.001) 5 weeks later. After T4 treatment was restarted, @entity7 levels rose and were not significantly different from basal values by week 8. There were strong positive correlations between paired data sets for @entity7 and free T3 (r = 0.488; P = 0/0037) and free T4 (r = 0.56; P = 0.0006), and a strong negative correlation with TSH (r = -0.515; P = 0.0001). Insulin is known to be important in the regulation of @entity7 , but no changes in fasting insulin levels during T4 withdrawal were noted, and levels of @entity7 did not exhibit the normal inverse relationship with circulating insulin levels. Levels of @entity8 , assessed by Western ligand blotting, increased during the development of @entity3 , peaked 5 weeks after stopping T4 replacement, and declined on reinstitution of replacement treatment. A further level of regulation of the IGF-IGFBP @entity4 is afforded by the presence of specific circulating IGFBP proteases. Proteases directed against @entity5 proteolytically cleave the major carrier BP in the circulation and reduce its binding affinity, possibly resulting in increased tissue IGF bioavailability. Despite the marked reduction in circulating IGF levels and the generation of significant biochemical @entity3 , @entity5 protease activity was not apparent during the 10-week period of the study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Reversible effects of cessation and recommencement of thyroxine treatment on insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins in XXXX with total thyroidectomy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 94 @entity0 with a primary @entity2 were registered in the Cooperative Pediatric @entity2 Study @entity11 -89 of the GPOH from 1988 to 1992. 64 of these had a @entity11 ( @entity11 ), 12 a @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 2 a @entity6 and 16 a @entity1 . 51 (80%) @entity0 with an @entity11 were 6 to 36 months of age, 9 with an @entity3 above 10 years. Initial @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was elevated in 51 @entity11 @entity0 and exceeded the 3-fold of normal range in 45. @entity0 with low (< 100 ng/ml) and very high (> 1,000,000 ng/ml) levels had a significantly worse prognosis than those with intermediate values (p = 0.0014). @entity4 was moderately elevated in 9 @entity3 @entity0 . All other @entity1 markers were only irregularly above normal range. 48 (77%) of @entity11 @entity0 survived, 45 (73%) are @entity1 free. All of 18 stage I and 4/5 stage II @entity0 are in remission. After chemotherapy 30/36 stage III HBs and 2/5 stage IV HBs could be resected, 9 of these @entity0 suffered from @entity1 relapse. Disease-free survival was 100% for stage I, 80% for stage II, 68% for stage III and zero for stage IV @entity11 (p = 0.0005). @entity7 occurred after 8% of biopsies, 13% of limited primary resections and 25% of extended secondary resections. There was no perioperative @entity5 . The completeness of @entity1 resection at primary or delayed surgery correlated significantly with @entity0 disease-free survival (p < 0.0001). Chemotherapy with @entity10 , @entity9 and @entity8 was effective in @entity11 . 203 courses were given in 61 @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Results of the @entity11 -89 Study in treatment of XXXX in childhood and concept of a new @entity11 -94 protocol].

answer: @entity2


abstract: 94 @entity0 with a primary @entity2 were registered in the Cooperative Pediatric @entity2 Study @entity11 -89 of the GPOH from 1988 to 1992. 64 of these had a @entity11 ( @entity11 ), 12 a @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 2 a @entity6 and 16 a @entity1 . 51 (80%) @entity0 with an @entity11 were 6 to 36 months of age, 9 with an @entity3 above 10 years. Initial @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was elevated in 51 @entity11 @entity0 and exceeded the 3-fold of normal range in 45. @entity0 with low (< 100 ng/ml) and very high (> 1,000,000 ng/ml) levels had a significantly worse prognosis than those with intermediate values (p = 0.0014). @entity4 was moderately elevated in 9 @entity3 @entity0 . All other @entity1 markers were only irregularly above normal range. 48 (77%) of @entity11 @entity0 survived, 45 (73%) are @entity1 free. All of 18 stage I and 4/5 stage II @entity0 are in remission. After chemotherapy 30/36 stage III HBs and 2/5 stage IV HBs could be resected, 9 of these @entity0 suffered from @entity1 relapse. Disease-free survival was 100% for stage I, 80% for stage II, 68% for stage III and zero for stage IV @entity11 (p = 0.0005). @entity7 occurred after 8% of biopsies, 13% of limited primary resections and 25% of extended secondary resections. There was no perioperative @entity5 . The completeness of @entity1 resection at primary or delayed surgery correlated significantly with @entity0 disease-free survival (p < 0.0001). Chemotherapy with @entity10 , @entity9 and @entity8 was effective in @entity11 . 203 courses were given in 61 @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Results of the XXXX -89 Study in treatment of @entity2 in childhood and concept of a new @entity11 -94 protocol].

answer: @entity11


abstract: 94 @entity0 with a primary @entity2 were registered in the Cooperative Pediatric @entity2 Study @entity11 -89 of the GPOH from 1988 to 1992. 64 of these had a @entity11 ( @entity11 ), 12 a @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 2 a @entity6 and 16 a @entity1 . 51 (80%) @entity0 with an @entity11 were 6 to 36 months of age, 9 with an @entity3 above 10 years. Initial @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was elevated in 51 @entity11 @entity0 and exceeded the 3-fold of normal range in 45. @entity0 with low (< 100 ng/ml) and very high (> 1,000,000 ng/ml) levels had a significantly worse prognosis than those with intermediate values (p = 0.0014). @entity4 was moderately elevated in 9 @entity3 @entity0 . All other @entity1 markers were only irregularly above normal range. 48 (77%) of @entity11 @entity0 survived, 45 (73%) are @entity1 free. All of 18 stage I and 4/5 stage II @entity0 are in remission. After chemotherapy 30/36 stage III HBs and 2/5 stage IV HBs could be resected, 9 of these @entity0 suffered from @entity1 relapse. Disease-free survival was 100% for stage I, 80% for stage II, 68% for stage III and zero for stage IV @entity11 (p = 0.0005). @entity7 occurred after 8% of biopsies, 13% of limited primary resections and 25% of extended secondary resections. There was no perioperative @entity5 . The completeness of @entity1 resection at primary or delayed surgery correlated significantly with @entity0 disease-free survival (p < 0.0001). Chemotherapy with @entity10 , @entity9 and @entity8 was effective in @entity11 . 203 courses were given in 61 @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Results of the @entity11 -89 Study in treatment of @entity2 in childhood and concept of a new XXXX -94 protocol].

answer: @entity11


abstract: @entity3 tolerance is characterized by a loss of @entity2 (NTG) vasodilating and @entity0 effects during continuous administration, but is difficult to detect clinically. We hypothesized that the @entity0 (BP) and the reflex sympathetic activation and @entity1 due to baroreflex deactivation associated with rapid intravenous (i.v.) infusion of NTG would be decreased during continuous NTG patch therapy as a result of tolerance to transdermal NTG. Sympathetic activation was measured as the change in amplitude of low-frequency (66-129 mHz) oscillations in BP and heart rate (HR) recorded by a noninvasive method. Eleven healthy male volunteers received rapid i.v. infusion of 0.45 mg NTG in 1 min on 3 consecutive days: before NTG patch, after 22.5 h of patch therapy, and 22.5 h after patch removal. The maximum decrease in systolic BP (SBP) and maximum reflex @entity1 as well as the sympathetic activation produced by i.v. NTG were compared during each of the three study periods. The maximum decrease in SBP was 38 +/- 8 mm Hg before NTG patch and 27 +/- 15 mm Hg during NTG patch (p < 0.05), with return to baseline values (37 +/- 13 mm Hg) after patch removal. There was no significant change in amplitude of reflex @entity1 among study periods. However, @entity4 in SBP increased by 40 +/- 31% in the absence of NTG patch and by only 9 +/- 35% after 22.5 h of patch therapy (p < 0.05). Patch removal resulted in a significant rebound increase in these oscillations (70 +/- 51%; p < 0.05 vs. baseline).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Rapid development of XXXX tolerance in healthy volunteers: assessment using spectral analysis of short-term blood pressure and heart rate variability.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Very few @entity0 with liver metastases from @entity2 can be cured. We have investigated whether a treatment to slow the growth of liver metastases, hepatic-artery infusion of @entity7 , improves palliation in this setting. In a randomised study of 100 @entity0 , we compared quality of life and survival in @entity0 who received hepatic-artery infusion of @entity7 and in those who received conventional symptom palliation. 95% of control @entity0 survival time was spent with normal quality-of-life scores, which suggests that the aim of treatment should be to prolong normal-quality survival rather than merely to sustain quality of life. There was a significant prolongation (p = 0.03) in overall survival in @entity7 -treated @entity0 compared with controls (median 405 vs 226 days). There were similar significant prolongations in normal-quality (ie, normal symptom scores) survival for physical symptoms (p = 0.04), @entity3 (p = 0.04), and @entity4 (p = 0.04). This survival benefit was associated with significant reductions in @entity1 size on computed tomography (p = 0.001) and in serum carcinoembryonic antigen concentration (p = 0.006) in @entity7 -treated @entity0 . There was no evidence of treatment-related hepatotoxicity as assessed by serum @entity6 aminotransferase and @entity5 measurements. This is the first demonstration that survival can be prolonged with normal quality of life in @entity0 with @entity2 . We conclude that hepatic-artery @entity7 infusion can be recommended for suitable @entity0 .

title: Quality of life and survival with continuous hepatic-artery @entity7 infusion for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Very few @entity0 with liver metastases from @entity2 can be cured. We have investigated whether a treatment to slow the growth of liver metastases, hepatic-artery infusion of @entity7 , improves palliation in this setting. In a randomised study of 100 @entity0 , we compared quality of life and survival in @entity0 who received hepatic-artery infusion of @entity7 and in those who received conventional symptom palliation. 95% of control @entity0 survival time was spent with normal quality-of-life scores, which suggests that the aim of treatment should be to prolong normal-quality survival rather than merely to sustain quality of life. There was a significant prolongation (p = 0.03) in overall survival in @entity7 -treated @entity0 compared with controls (median 405 vs 226 days). There were similar significant prolongations in normal-quality (ie, normal symptom scores) survival for physical symptoms (p = 0.04), @entity3 (p = 0.04), and @entity4 (p = 0.04). This survival benefit was associated with significant reductions in @entity1 size on computed tomography (p = 0.001) and in serum carcinoembryonic antigen concentration (p = 0.006) in @entity7 -treated @entity0 . There was no evidence of treatment-related hepatotoxicity as assessed by serum @entity6 aminotransferase and @entity5 measurements. This is the first demonstration that survival can be prolonged with normal quality of life in @entity0 with @entity2 . We conclude that hepatic-artery @entity7 infusion can be recommended for suitable @entity0 .

title: Quality of life and survival with continuous hepatic-artery XXXX infusion for @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Surgery for @entity3 and @entity6 represents potentially curative therapy in early stage of @entity1 . In the advanced stage of @entity1 palliation is the only remaining therapeutic aim. In a retrospective study covering the period 1984-1992 we analyzed 51 @entity0 who underwent surgery for esophageal or @entity1 to determine whether palliation by surgery is feasible. We also analyzed morbidity and mortality of peri- and @entity5 . In 88% we carried out standard esophagectomy consisting of abdomino-thoracic access, gastric interposition with thoracic @entity4 and extramucous pyloromyotomy. In the light of postresection histology, 53% of the operations were potentially curative (UICC stage I and II) [1], 47% palliative (UICC stage III and IV) [1]. Perioperative 30-days mortality was nil, perioperative 30-days morbidity 11% (3 @entity0 developed @entity2 postoperatively, 2 @entity0 with cervical @entity4 developed @entity9 of @entity4 which in both cases healed completely with conservative therapy, while a further @entity0 with cervical @entity4 suffered persistent @entity7 of the recurrent nerve. All @entity0 were fully able to feed themselves at the time of discharge. 43% of @entity0 had recurrent @entity8 and 24% underwent endoscopic dilatation. Three-year survival was 26%. From these results it may be concluded that esophageal resection represents either good palliation with low morbidity for the majority of @entity0 with non-resectable @entity3 or potentially curative therapy with low morbidity in early stage of @entity1 .

title: [Results of surgical therapy in esophagus and XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pregnancy diagnostics in @entity1 reproduction are routinely performed using transrectal ultrasonography, although it is also possible to visualize the fetus by transabdominal ultrasound examinations from the 90th day of gestation onward. We hypothesized that ultrasound examinations may stress the mare and that the gestational stage status and lactation may influence the mare's stress reaction. To investigate the stress reaction, 25 thoroughbred mares of different age, pregnancy and lactational status underwent a transrectal examination. In pregnant mares, an additional transabdominal examination was performed. Salivary @entity0 concentration, mean heart rate, and heart rate variability of mares were assessed to evaluate the reactions of @entity2 and of the autonomic nervous system. Significant differences were observed between lactating and nonlactating mares; with a lower responsiveness to stress in lactating mares. The transrectal ultrasound examination in nonlactating mares induced a significant increase in salivary @entity0 (P  <  0.05), and in the heart rate variability parameter, ratio of low to high frequencies (P  <  0.05). This reflects an activation of the @entity2 and a shift to more sympathetic dominance. In contrast, a transabdominally performed pregnancy check did not induce an activation of the @entity2 over basal level but increased the mean heart rate and low to high frequency ratio. The results of this study indicate that checks of advanced pregnancies can be easily performed by transabdominal ultrasonography. With regard to animal welfare, this technique should be preferred during midgestation in nonlactating mares.

title: Influence of transrectal and transabdominal ultrasound examination on salivary XXXX , heart rate, and heart rate variability in mares.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 is a disease characterized with massive skin infiltration of lymphoid malignant cells. They commonly express some T-cell markers, such as @entity8 , CD3, @entity2 , and @entity10 , and thus termed as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Here, we present a case with @entity7 / @entity7 -positive @entity4 , which appears lymphocytic morphology and expresses @entity2 , but does not express @entity8 , CD3, @entity3 , @entity12 , @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity6 . The most malignant cells contained no distinctive azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm. Southern blot analysis revealed that T cell receptor-beta, gamma, and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the cells were in germ-line configurations. Electron microscopic examination showed characteristics of lymphoid cells with higher nucleocytoplasmic ratio and lacked structures typical of other cell types (i.e., epithelial cells, neuroendocrine cells, and mesenchymal cells). Thus, the cells are likely to be immature lymphoid cells. Histological analysis revealed the cells infiltrate mainly into the dermis with angiocentric growth pattern. The clinical course was @entity1 , with rapid involvement of bone marrow and central nervous system. These striking features of the @entity0 may represent a novel fraction ( @entity8 -, @entity2 +, and @entity7 +) of @entity4 .

title: High expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in a @entity0 with cutaneous @entity2 -positive XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 is a disease characterized with massive skin infiltration of lymphoid malignant cells. They commonly express some T-cell markers, such as @entity8 , CD3, @entity2 , and @entity10 , and thus termed as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Here, we present a case with @entity7 / @entity7 -positive @entity4 , which appears lymphocytic morphology and expresses @entity2 , but does not express @entity8 , CD3, @entity3 , @entity12 , @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity6 . The most malignant cells contained no distinctive azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm. Southern blot analysis revealed that T cell receptor-beta, gamma, and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the cells were in germ-line configurations. Electron microscopic examination showed characteristics of lymphoid cells with higher nucleocytoplasmic ratio and lacked structures typical of other cell types (i.e., epithelial cells, neuroendocrine cells, and mesenchymal cells). Thus, the cells are likely to be immature lymphoid cells. Histological analysis revealed the cells infiltrate mainly into the dermis with angiocentric growth pattern. The clinical course was @entity1 , with rapid involvement of bone marrow and central nervous system. These striking features of the @entity0 may represent a novel fraction ( @entity8 -, @entity2 +, and @entity7 +) of @entity4 .

title: High expression of XXXX ( @entity7 ) in a @entity0 with cutaneous @entity2 -positive @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity4 is a disease characterized with massive skin infiltration of lymphoid malignant cells. They commonly express some T-cell markers, such as @entity8 , CD3, @entity2 , and @entity10 , and thus termed as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Here, we present a case with @entity7 / @entity7 -positive @entity4 , which appears lymphocytic morphology and expresses @entity2 , but does not express @entity8 , CD3, @entity3 , @entity12 , @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity6 . The most malignant cells contained no distinctive azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm. Southern blot analysis revealed that T cell receptor-beta, gamma, and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the cells were in germ-line configurations. Electron microscopic examination showed characteristics of lymphoid cells with higher nucleocytoplasmic ratio and lacked structures typical of other cell types (i.e., epithelial cells, neuroendocrine cells, and mesenchymal cells). Thus, the cells are likely to be immature lymphoid cells. Histological analysis revealed the cells infiltrate mainly into the dermis with angiocentric growth pattern. The clinical course was @entity1 , with rapid involvement of bone marrow and central nervous system. These striking features of the @entity0 may represent a novel fraction ( @entity8 -, @entity2 +, and @entity7 +) of @entity4 .

title: High expression of @entity7 ( XXXX ) in a @entity0 with cutaneous @entity2 -positive @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity4 is a disease characterized with massive skin infiltration of lymphoid malignant cells. They commonly express some T-cell markers, such as @entity8 , CD3, @entity2 , and @entity10 , and thus termed as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Here, we present a case with @entity7 / @entity7 -positive @entity4 , which appears lymphocytic morphology and expresses @entity2 , but does not express @entity8 , CD3, @entity3 , @entity12 , @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity6 . The most malignant cells contained no distinctive azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm. Southern blot analysis revealed that T cell receptor-beta, gamma, and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the cells were in germ-line configurations. Electron microscopic examination showed characteristics of lymphoid cells with higher nucleocytoplasmic ratio and lacked structures typical of other cell types (i.e., epithelial cells, neuroendocrine cells, and mesenchymal cells). Thus, the cells are likely to be immature lymphoid cells. Histological analysis revealed the cells infiltrate mainly into the dermis with angiocentric growth pattern. The clinical course was @entity1 , with rapid involvement of bone marrow and central nervous system. These striking features of the @entity0 may represent a novel fraction ( @entity8 -, @entity2 +, and @entity7 +) of @entity4 .

title: High expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in a @entity0 with cutaneous XXXX -positive @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 is a disease characterized with massive skin infiltration of lymphoid malignant cells. They commonly express some T-cell markers, such as @entity8 , CD3, @entity2 , and @entity10 , and thus termed as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Here, we present a case with @entity7 / @entity7 -positive @entity4 , which appears lymphocytic morphology and expresses @entity2 , but does not express @entity8 , CD3, @entity3 , @entity12 , @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity6 . The most malignant cells contained no distinctive azurophilic granules in the cytoplasm. Southern blot analysis revealed that T cell receptor-beta, gamma, and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the cells were in germ-line configurations. Electron microscopic examination showed characteristics of lymphoid cells with higher nucleocytoplasmic ratio and lacked structures typical of other cell types (i.e., epithelial cells, neuroendocrine cells, and mesenchymal cells). Thus, the cells are likely to be immature lymphoid cells. Histological analysis revealed the cells infiltrate mainly into the dermis with angiocentric growth pattern. The clinical course was @entity1 , with rapid involvement of bone marrow and central nervous system. These striking features of the @entity0 may represent a novel fraction ( @entity8 -, @entity2 +, and @entity7 +) of @entity4 .

title: High expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in a XXXX with cutaneous @entity2 -positive @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 ) interacts synergistically with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce transcription of @entity6 , the isoform of @entity3 synthase whose activity is independent of elevated @entity2 and exogenous calmodulin. To define a cis-acting element mediating @entity1 -dependent synergy, we made deletions in @entity6 promoter constructs fused to reporter genes, transfected RAW 264.7 macrophages, and treated the cells with @entity1 and/or LPS. This analysis implicated the region from positions -951 to -911, a cluster of four enhancer elements known to bind @entity1 -responsive transcription factors, including an interferon regulatory factor binding site (IRF-E) at @entity4 -913 to -923. Site-specific substitution of two conserved @entity4 within IRF-E in the context of the full-length @entity6 promoter ablated @entity1 's contribution to synergistic enhancement of transcription. Electromobility shift assays performed with a probe containing IRF-E revealed the existence of a complex in nuclei of RAW 264.7 macrophages that was present only after treatment with @entity1 , which reacted specifically with anti- @entity7 immunoglobulin G and which included a species migrating at 40-45 kD, consistent with the apparent molecular weight of @entity0 @entity7 . Thus, the synergistic contribution of @entity1 to transcription of @entity6 in RAW 264.7 macrophages requires that @entity7 bind to IRF-E in the @entity6 promoter. In conjunction with the work of Kamijo et al. (Kamijo, R., H. @entity5 , T. Matsuyama, M. Bosland, J. Gerecitano, D. Shapiro, J. Le, K. S. Im, T. Kimura, S. Green et al. 1994. Science [Wash. DC]. 263:1612), these findings identify @entity6 as the first gene that requires @entity7 for @entity1 -dependent transcriptional regulation.

title: Role of XXXX in induction of @entity3 synthase.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity1 ) interacts synergistically with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce transcription of @entity6 , the isoform of @entity3 synthase whose activity is independent of elevated @entity2 and exogenous calmodulin. To define a cis-acting element mediating @entity1 -dependent synergy, we made deletions in @entity6 promoter constructs fused to reporter genes, transfected RAW 264.7 macrophages, and treated the cells with @entity1 and/or LPS. This analysis implicated the region from positions -951 to -911, a cluster of four enhancer elements known to bind @entity1 -responsive transcription factors, including an interferon regulatory factor binding site (IRF-E) at @entity4 -913 to -923. Site-specific substitution of two conserved @entity4 within IRF-E in the context of the full-length @entity6 promoter ablated @entity1 's contribution to synergistic enhancement of transcription. Electromobility shift assays performed with a probe containing IRF-E revealed the existence of a complex in nuclei of RAW 264.7 macrophages that was present only after treatment with @entity1 , which reacted specifically with anti- @entity7 immunoglobulin G and which included a species migrating at 40-45 kD, consistent with the apparent molecular weight of @entity0 @entity7 . Thus, the synergistic contribution of @entity1 to transcription of @entity6 in RAW 264.7 macrophages requires that @entity7 bind to IRF-E in the @entity6 promoter. In conjunction with the work of Kamijo et al. (Kamijo, R., H. @entity5 , T. Matsuyama, M. Bosland, J. Gerecitano, D. Shapiro, J. Le, K. S. Im, T. Kimura, S. Green et al. 1994. Science [Wash. DC]. 263:1612), these findings identify @entity6 as the first gene that requires @entity7 for @entity1 -dependent transcriptional regulation.

title: Role of @entity7 in induction of XXXX synthase.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Shivering is an unpleasant sensation for @entity0 who undergoing spinal anesthesia. This randomized double-blind clinical trial study was designed to compare the effect of intrathecal @entity2 with intrathecal @entity3 for prevention of shivering in lower limb orthopedic surgeries under spinal anesthesia. METHODS: Ninety @entity0 were randomly recruited to receive either 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1 plus 20  g of @entity2 (Group F), or 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1 plus 0.2 mg/kg of @entity3 (Group M), or 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1 plus normal saline (Group S). The incidence and intensity of shivering were compared in three groups. Data were analyzed by analysis of variances, Mann-Whitney U-test followed by Chi-square test. FINDINGS: There were not statistically differences in complications and side-effects between three groups. Total incidence of shivering was similar between Groups F and M (16.7% vs. 13.3% respectively, P = 0.72) whereas it was significantly different to Group S (43.3%) (P = 0.025 for Group F vs. S, and P = 0.011 for Group M vs. S). Also the intensity of shivering between Groups F and M was similar (P = 0.66), while it was significantly less in these groups compared to Group S (P = 0.013 and P = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSION: Addition of @entity2 20  g or @entity3 0.2 mg/kg to 0.5% @entity1 intrathecally significantly decreased the incidence of shivering in lower limb orthopedic surgeries. There was no significant difference between two drugs with this respect.

title: Intrathecal XXXX versus intrathecal @entity2 for prevention of shivering in lower limb orthopedic surgeries under spinal anesthesia: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Shivering is an unpleasant sensation for @entity0 who undergoing spinal anesthesia. This randomized double-blind clinical trial study was designed to compare the effect of intrathecal @entity2 with intrathecal @entity3 for prevention of shivering in lower limb orthopedic surgeries under spinal anesthesia. METHODS: Ninety @entity0 were randomly recruited to receive either 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1 plus 20  g of @entity2 (Group F), or 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1 plus 0.2 mg/kg of @entity3 (Group M), or 3 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1 plus normal saline (Group S). The incidence and intensity of shivering were compared in three groups. Data were analyzed by analysis of variances, Mann-Whitney U-test followed by Chi-square test. FINDINGS: There were not statistically differences in complications and side-effects between three groups. Total incidence of shivering was similar between Groups F and M (16.7% vs. 13.3% respectively, P = 0.72) whereas it was significantly different to Group S (43.3%) (P = 0.025 for Group F vs. S, and P = 0.011 for Group M vs. S). Also the intensity of shivering between Groups F and M was similar (P = 0.66), while it was significantly less in these groups compared to Group S (P = 0.013 and P = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSION: Addition of @entity2 20  g or @entity3 0.2 mg/kg to 0.5% @entity1 intrathecally significantly decreased the incidence of shivering in lower limb orthopedic surgeries. There was no significant difference between two drugs with this respect.

title: Intrathecal @entity3 versus intrathecal XXXX for prevention of shivering in lower limb orthopedic surgeries under spinal anesthesia: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Severe deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin has a highly variable clinical presentation. The Genomic Research in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin @entity1 a1 Study is a prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study of adults older than age 35 years with PiZZ or PiMZ alpha-1 antitrypsin genotypes. It is designed to better understand if microbial factors influence this heterogeneity. Clinical symptoms, pulmonary function testing, computed chest tomography, exercise capacity, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) will be used to define @entity2 ( @entity2 ) phenotypes that can be studied with an integrated systems biology approach that includes plasma proteomics; mouth, BAL, and stool microbiome and virome analysis; and blood microRNA and blood mononuclear cell RNA and DNA profiling. We will rely on global genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome datasets. Matched cohorts of PiZZ @entity0 on or off alpha-1 antitrypsin augmentation therapy, PiMZ @entity0 not on augmentation therapy, and control @entity0 from the Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in @entity2 Study who match on FEV1 and age will be compared. In the primary analysis, we will determine if the PiZZ individuals on augmentation therapy have a difference in lower respiratory tract microbes identified compared with matched PiZZ individuals who are not on augmentation therapy. By characterizing the microbiome in @entity3 ( @entity3 ), we hope to define new phenotypes of @entity2 that explain some of the diversity of clinical presentations. As a unique genetic cause of @entity2 , @entity3 may inform typical @entity2 pathogenesis, and better understanding of it may illuminate the complex interplay between environment and genetics. Although the biologic approaches are hypothesis generating, the results may lead to development of novel biomarkers, better understanding of @entity2 phenotypes, and development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic trials in @entity3 and @entity2 . Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01832220).

title: Rationale and Design of the Genomic Research in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin XXXX Study. Alpha-1 Protocol.

answer: @entity1


abstract: QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY: @entity3 with or without @entity1 is the most common @entity2 . Its prevalence is higher in developing countries and in low socioeconomic populations. We aimed at determining and comparing the prevalence of @entity3 in an immigrant and non-immigrant population. METHODS: Every @entity0 scheduled for a routine check-up at 12 months of age was allowed to participate in the study. Haemoglobin, ferritin, anthropometric data, familial and nutritional status were measured. RESULTS: 586 @entity0 were eligible and 463 were included in the study as they had assessment data at 12 months. @entity0 were divided into two groups: immigrants' @entity0 and non-immigrants' @entity0 . The global prevalence of @entity3 was 5.7% at 12 months. A significant difference for @entity3 was noticed between the groups at 12 months (p = 0.01). Among risk factors, immigration (odds ratio 2.91; 95% CI 1.05-8.04) and unemployment (odds ratio 6.08; 95% CI 1.18-31.30) had the higher odds in the multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity3 in the immigrant population is higher than in non-immigrants. Immigration and the category of employment are risk factors for @entity3 , as starting baby cereals before 9 months is a protective factor. Good socioeconomic conditions in Switzerland, the quality of food for pregnant @entity0 and young @entity0 may be the explanation. A study up to five years of age is necessary before drawing general conclusions on infancy.

title: XXXX in infancy: is an immigrant more at risk?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome in @entity0 diagnosed with otomastoiditis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria. METHODS: A retrospective case review of 16 @entity0 diagnosed with otomastoiditis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria from 2000 to 2012 was conducted in a hospital and tertiary referral centre in Sweden. The main outcome measures were microbiology findings, and surgical and medical interventions and outcomes. In addition, the relevant literature was reviewed. RESULTS: In three @entity0 with otomastoiditis, the disease had spread intracranially. The bacteriological findings revealed @entity5 (n  =  12), @entity5 fortuitum (n  =  2) and @entity4 complex (n  =  2). Surgical treatment was undertaken in all but three @entity0 , including exploration of the temporal lobe in one patient. Systemic antibiotic treatment was given to all but one @entity0 . Eight @entity0 healed completely. Eight @entity0 developed @entity2 . Two @entity0 had relapse of the @entity1 several months after the antibiotic treatment had been discontinued. CONCLUSION: Non-tuberculous otomastoiditis is a severe @entity3 with challenging considerations, and should be treated aggressively in order to avoid morbidity.

title: Otomastoiditis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria: report of 16 cases, 3 with XXXX intracranially.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We determined the radiographic osteoarthritic worsening rate prior to knee arthroplasty (TKA) and whether this worsening was associated with worsening @entity1 and function as compared to a non-surgical matched sample. METHODS: We used the @entity2 Initiative 5-year datasets. Extent of knee @entity2 2 years prior to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was matched to knees of @entity0 who did not undergo TKA. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) Function and @entity3 and @entity2 Outcome Score (KOOS) @entity1 scales were used to quantify functional deficit and functionally relevant @entity1 respectively. A total of 167 @entity0 with isolated TKA and 300 @entity0 with matched symptomatic knee @entity2 but no TKA were studied. RESULTS: During the 2 years prior to TKA, worsening by at least one Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade occurred in 27.4% (95% CI  =  20.6-34.2) of the surgical knees compared to 6.6% (95% CI  =  3.8-9.4) of matched non-surgical knees. @entity2 radiographic progression was strongly associated with WOMAC Function and KOOS @entity1 worsening (P  <  0.001) in the 2 years prior to TKA. KL worsening was strongly associated with future arthroplasty (Odds ratio  =  5.0, 95% CI  =  2.6-9.8) after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 undergoing TKA 2 years later had substantial worsening @entity1 and function over the 2-year pre-operative period as compared to a non-surgical sample matched based on KL grades. Almost 30% of @entity0 who elect to undergo TKA undergo rapid disease progression and symptom worsening during the 2 years prior to TKA.

title: Knee XXXX radiographic progression and associations with @entity1 and function prior to knee arthroplasty: a multicenter comparative cohort study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We determined the radiographic osteoarthritic worsening rate prior to knee arthroplasty (TKA) and whether this worsening was associated with worsening @entity1 and function as compared to a non-surgical matched sample. METHODS: We used the @entity2 Initiative 5-year datasets. Extent of knee @entity2 2 years prior to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was matched to knees of @entity0 who did not undergo TKA. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) Function and @entity3 and @entity2 Outcome Score (KOOS) @entity1 scales were used to quantify functional deficit and functionally relevant @entity1 respectively. A total of 167 @entity0 with isolated TKA and 300 @entity0 with matched symptomatic knee @entity2 but no TKA were studied. RESULTS: During the 2 years prior to TKA, worsening by at least one Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade occurred in 27.4% (95% CI  =  20.6-34.2) of the surgical knees compared to 6.6% (95% CI  =  3.8-9.4) of matched non-surgical knees. @entity2 radiographic progression was strongly associated with WOMAC Function and KOOS @entity1 worsening (P  <  0.001) in the 2 years prior to TKA. KL worsening was strongly associated with future arthroplasty (Odds ratio  =  5.0, 95% CI  =  2.6-9.8) after adjustment for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 undergoing TKA 2 years later had substantial worsening @entity1 and function over the 2-year pre-operative period as compared to a non-surgical sample matched based on KL grades. Almost 30% of @entity0 who elect to undergo TKA undergo rapid disease progression and symptom worsening during the 2 years prior to TKA.

title: Knee @entity2 radiographic progression and associations with XXXX and function prior to knee arthroplasty: a multicenter comparative cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6 and reperfusion injuries (IRI) permanently affect neuronal tissue and function by apoptosis and @entity0 due to the limited regenerative potential of neurons. Recently, evidence emerged that the noble gas Argon exerts protective properties, while lacking any detrimental or adverse effects. We hypothesized that @entity9 after IRI would exert antiapoptotic effects in the retina, thereby protecting retinal ganglion cells (RGC) of the @entity1 's eye. METHODS: IRI was performed on the left eyes of @entity1 (n=8) with or without inhaled Argon postconditioning (25, 50 and 75 Vol%) for 1 hour immediately or delayed after @entity2 (i.e. 1.5 and 3 hours). Retinal tissue was harvested after 24 hours to analyze mRNA and protein expression of @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity8 , @entity7 . Densities of @entity10 -prelabeled RGCs were analyzed 7 days after injury in whole-mounts. Histological tissue samples were prepared for immunohistochemistry and blood was analyzed regarding systemic effects of Argon or IRI. Statistics were performed using One-Way ANOVA. RESULTS: IRI induced RGC loss was reduced by Argon 75 Vol% inhalation and was dose-dependently attenuated by lower concentrations, or by delayed @entity9 (1504  300 vs. 2761  257; p<0.001). Moreover, Argon inhibited @entity5 and @entity4 mRNA expression significantly ( @entity5 : 1.64  0.30 vs. 0.78  0.29 and @entity4 : 2.07  0.29 vs. 0.99  0.22; both p<0.01), as well as @entity8 cleavage (1.91  0.46 vs. 1.05  0.36; p<0.001). Expression of @entity7 was attenuated significantly. Immunohistochemistry revealed an affection of M  ller cells and astrocytes. In addition, IRI induced @entity3 was reduced significantly after @entity9 at 75 Vol%. CONCLUSION: Immediate and delayed Argon postconditioning protects IRI induced apoptotic loss of RGC in a time- and dose-dependent manner, possibly mediated by the inhibition of @entity7 . Further studies need to evaluate Argon's possible role as a therapeutic option.

title: XXXX attenuates retinal apoptosis after @entity2 /reperfusion injury in a time- and dose-dependent manner in @entity1 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6 and reperfusion injuries (IRI) permanently affect neuronal tissue and function by apoptosis and @entity0 due to the limited regenerative potential of neurons. Recently, evidence emerged that the noble gas Argon exerts protective properties, while lacking any detrimental or adverse effects. We hypothesized that @entity9 after IRI would exert antiapoptotic effects in the retina, thereby protecting retinal ganglion cells (RGC) of the @entity1 's eye. METHODS: IRI was performed on the left eyes of @entity1 (n=8) with or without inhaled Argon postconditioning (25, 50 and 75 Vol%) for 1 hour immediately or delayed after @entity2 (i.e. 1.5 and 3 hours). Retinal tissue was harvested after 24 hours to analyze mRNA and protein expression of @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity8 , @entity7 . Densities of @entity10 -prelabeled RGCs were analyzed 7 days after injury in whole-mounts. Histological tissue samples were prepared for immunohistochemistry and blood was analyzed regarding systemic effects of Argon or IRI. Statistics were performed using One-Way ANOVA. RESULTS: IRI induced RGC loss was reduced by Argon 75 Vol% inhalation and was dose-dependently attenuated by lower concentrations, or by delayed @entity9 (1504  300 vs. 2761  257; p<0.001). Moreover, Argon inhibited @entity5 and @entity4 mRNA expression significantly ( @entity5 : 1.64  0.30 vs. 0.78  0.29 and @entity4 : 2.07  0.29 vs. 0.99  0.22; both p<0.01), as well as @entity8 cleavage (1.91  0.46 vs. 1.05  0.36; p<0.001). Expression of @entity7 was attenuated significantly. Immunohistochemistry revealed an affection of M  ller cells and astrocytes. In addition, IRI induced @entity3 was reduced significantly after @entity9 at 75 Vol%. CONCLUSION: Immediate and delayed Argon postconditioning protects IRI induced apoptotic loss of RGC in a time- and dose-dependent manner, possibly mediated by the inhibition of @entity7 . Further studies need to evaluate Argon's possible role as a therapeutic option.

title: @entity9 attenuates retinal apoptosis after XXXX /reperfusion injury in a time- and dose-dependent manner in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6 and reperfusion injuries (IRI) permanently affect neuronal tissue and function by apoptosis and @entity0 due to the limited regenerative potential of neurons. Recently, evidence emerged that the noble gas Argon exerts protective properties, while lacking any detrimental or adverse effects. We hypothesized that @entity9 after IRI would exert antiapoptotic effects in the retina, thereby protecting retinal ganglion cells (RGC) of the @entity1 's eye. METHODS: IRI was performed on the left eyes of @entity1 (n=8) with or without inhaled Argon postconditioning (25, 50 and 75 Vol%) for 1 hour immediately or delayed after @entity2 (i.e. 1.5 and 3 hours). Retinal tissue was harvested after 24 hours to analyze mRNA and protein expression of @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity8 , @entity7 . Densities of @entity10 -prelabeled RGCs were analyzed 7 days after injury in whole-mounts. Histological tissue samples were prepared for immunohistochemistry and blood was analyzed regarding systemic effects of Argon or IRI. Statistics were performed using One-Way ANOVA. RESULTS: IRI induced RGC loss was reduced by Argon 75 Vol% inhalation and was dose-dependently attenuated by lower concentrations, or by delayed @entity9 (1504  300 vs. 2761  257; p<0.001). Moreover, Argon inhibited @entity5 and @entity4 mRNA expression significantly ( @entity5 : 1.64  0.30 vs. 0.78  0.29 and @entity4 : 2.07  0.29 vs. 0.99  0.22; both p<0.01), as well as @entity8 cleavage (1.91  0.46 vs. 1.05  0.36; p<0.001). Expression of @entity7 was attenuated significantly. Immunohistochemistry revealed an affection of M  ller cells and astrocytes. In addition, IRI induced @entity3 was reduced significantly after @entity9 at 75 Vol%. CONCLUSION: Immediate and delayed Argon postconditioning protects IRI induced apoptotic loss of RGC in a time- and dose-dependent manner, possibly mediated by the inhibition of @entity7 . Further studies need to evaluate Argon's possible role as a therapeutic option.

title: @entity9 attenuates retinal apoptosis after @entity2 /reperfusion injury in a time- and dose-dependent manner in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have recently reported on an increase of @entity4 and @entity3 autoantibodies in @entity0 maintained on chronic hemodialysis treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate functional properties of these autoantibodies. Serum samples of more then 500 @entity2 @entity0 with and without replacement therapy were screened for the presence of @entity4 and @entity3 autoantibodies by second antibody precipitation. The neutralizing capacity of @entity4 autoantibody serum was studied by immunofluorescence flow cytometry analysis of @entity4 induced expression of @entity5 ( @entity5 , @entity5 ) on HUVEC ( @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells). Results of these inhibition studies were confirmed with IgG preparations from antibody positive sera, purified by affinity chromatography. Functional studies on @entity3 -dependent B9 cell proliferation were performed with @entity3 autoantibody positive sera, and quantitated with the colorimetric @entity1 assay. @entity4 induced expression of @entity5 on HUVEC (considered 100% positive cells) was inhibited by each @entity4 autoantibody positive serum sample (N = 13; anti- @entity4 activity: 7.62 to 57.52% binding). Inhibition of @entity5 expression by @entity4 autoantibodies ranged from 0.11 to 80.22% positive cells (0.15 to 92.31% mean fluorescence intensity). A strong correlation of @entity5 expression with @entity4 autoantibody concentration was observed (P < 0.005). Furthermore, IgG eluates from autoantibody positive @entity0 inhibited @entity5 expression to 41.0 +/- 23.1% positive cells if compared with 83.7 +/- 5.7% positive cells of the IgG depleted serum samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Functional characterization of cytokine autoantibodies in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have recently reported on an increase of @entity4 and @entity3 autoantibodies in @entity0 maintained on chronic hemodialysis treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate functional properties of these autoantibodies. Serum samples of more then 500 @entity2 @entity0 with and without replacement therapy were screened for the presence of @entity4 and @entity3 autoantibodies by second antibody precipitation. The neutralizing capacity of @entity4 autoantibody serum was studied by immunofluorescence flow cytometry analysis of @entity4 induced expression of @entity5 ( @entity5 , @entity5 ) on HUVEC ( @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells). Results of these inhibition studies were confirmed with IgG preparations from antibody positive sera, purified by affinity chromatography. Functional studies on @entity3 -dependent B9 cell proliferation were performed with @entity3 autoantibody positive sera, and quantitated with the colorimetric @entity1 assay. @entity4 induced expression of @entity5 on HUVEC (considered 100% positive cells) was inhibited by each @entity4 autoantibody positive serum sample (N = 13; anti- @entity4 activity: 7.62 to 57.52% binding). Inhibition of @entity5 expression by @entity4 autoantibodies ranged from 0.11 to 80.22% positive cells (0.15 to 92.31% mean fluorescence intensity). A strong correlation of @entity5 expression with @entity4 autoantibody concentration was observed (P < 0.005). Furthermore, IgG eluates from autoantibody positive @entity0 inhibited @entity5 expression to 41.0 +/- 23.1% positive cells if compared with 83.7 +/- 5.7% positive cells of the IgG depleted serum samples.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Functional characterization of cytokine autoantibodies in @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Approaches for extrapolating in vitro @entity2 testing results for prediction of @entity0 in vivo outcomes are needed. The purpose of this case study was to employ in vitro toxicokinetics and PBPK modeling to perform in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) of lindane @entity4 . Lindane cell and media concentrations in vitro, together with in vitro concentration-response data for lindane effects on neuronal network firing rates, were compared to in vivo data and model simulations as an exercise in extrapolation for chemical-induced @entity4 in rodents and @entity0 . Time- and concentration-dependent lindane dosimetry was determined in primary cultures of @entity1 cortical neurons in vitro using "faux" (without electrodes) microelectrode arrays (MEAs). In vivo data were derived from literature values, and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling was used to extrapolate from @entity1 to @entity0 . The previously determined EC50 for increased firing rates in primary cultures of cortical neurons was 0.6 g/ml. Media and cell lindane concentrations at the EC50 were 0.4 g/ml and 7.1 g/ml, respectively, and cellular lindane accumulation was time- and concentration-dependent. @entity1 blood and brain lindane levels during @entity3 were 1.7-1.9 g/ml and 5-11 g/ml, respectively. Brain lindane levels associated with @entity3 in @entity1 and those predicted for @entity0 (average=7 g/ml) by PBPK modeling were very similar to in vitro concentrations detected in cortical cells at the EC50 dose. PBPK model predictions matched literature data and timing. These findings indicate that in vitro MEA results are predictive of in vivo responses to lindane and demonstrate a successful modeling approach for IVIVE of @entity1 and @entity0 @entity4 .

title: Improving in vitro to in vivo extrapolation by incorporating toxicokinetic measurements: A case study of lindane-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: To assess the prevalence of @entity3 and late potentials (LPs) in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and to identify clinical, ECG, and echocardiographic markers of spontaneous @entity3 , we studied 58 consecutive @entity0 (mean age 46.6 +/- 17.8 years; 29 males, 29 females) with @entity6 diagnosed by echocardiography. @entity0 underwent ambulatory ECG recording (n = 58), exercise stress test (n = 56), signal-averaged ECG (n = 58), and programmed ventricular stimulation (n = 52). Ten @entity0 (17.2%) had spontaneous @entity4 ( @entity4 ), 26 @entity0 (44.8%) had @entity5 ( @entity5 ), Lown grade > or = 3 during 24-hour ECG, and 19 had Lown grade > or = 3 @entity5 during exercise stress test; 13 @entity0 had LPs (22.4%). We provoked sustained VT in one case and @entity4 in ten cases. @entity0 with complex @entity3 during 24-hour ECG and exercise stress test were older and more often had @entity1 . There was a statistical correlation between the presence of LPs and spontaneous VT (46.1% vs 8.9%; P < 0.005) and induced @entity3 (50% vs 12.8%; P < 0.005). No correlation was found between spontaneous @entity3 and @entity2 of the mitral valve. In conclusion, complex ventricular @entity3 (especially VT) and LPs are frequent in @entity6 . @entity0 age and @entity1 seem to be determinant factors of complex @entity3 in @entity6 . On signal-averaged ECG, absence of LPs seems to be a good additional marker to identify @entity6 @entity0 without spontaneous VT. On the other hand, programmed ventricular stimulation does not appear valuable in determining a @entity6 subgroup with a high risk of @entity3 .

title: XXXX factors in @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: To assess the prevalence of @entity3 and late potentials (LPs) in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and to identify clinical, ECG, and echocardiographic markers of spontaneous @entity3 , we studied 58 consecutive @entity0 (mean age 46.6 +/- 17.8 years; 29 males, 29 females) with @entity6 diagnosed by echocardiography. @entity0 underwent ambulatory ECG recording (n = 58), exercise stress test (n = 56), signal-averaged ECG (n = 58), and programmed ventricular stimulation (n = 52). Ten @entity0 (17.2%) had spontaneous @entity4 ( @entity4 ), 26 @entity0 (44.8%) had @entity5 ( @entity5 ), Lown grade > or = 3 during 24-hour ECG, and 19 had Lown grade > or = 3 @entity5 during exercise stress test; 13 @entity0 had LPs (22.4%). We provoked sustained VT in one case and @entity4 in ten cases. @entity0 with complex @entity3 during 24-hour ECG and exercise stress test were older and more often had @entity1 . There was a statistical correlation between the presence of LPs and spontaneous VT (46.1% vs 8.9%; P < 0.005) and induced @entity3 (50% vs 12.8%; P < 0.005). No correlation was found between spontaneous @entity3 and @entity2 of the mitral valve. In conclusion, complex ventricular @entity3 (especially VT) and LPs are frequent in @entity6 . @entity0 age and @entity1 seem to be determinant factors of complex @entity3 in @entity6 . On signal-averaged ECG, absence of LPs seems to be a good additional marker to identify @entity6 @entity0 without spontaneous VT. On the other hand, programmed ventricular stimulation does not appear valuable in determining a @entity6 subgroup with a high risk of @entity3 .

title: @entity3 factors in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Two porous orbital implants available for clinical use in the anophthalmic socket are @entity3 (HA) and porous @entity2 (PP). We examined the rate and the extent of fibrovascular ingrowth into these implants using histopathologic criteria in a @entity1 model. Thirty-two New Zealand white @entity1 underwent a unilateral enucleation with placement of a 14-mm spherical orbital implant. Twelve @entity1 received HA, 12 small-pore PP, and 8 large-pore PP. The implants inserted were wrapped either in autologous sclera with and without anterior fenestrations or as unwrapped spheres. The implants were harvested at 6 and 12 weeks. The extent of fibrovascular ingrowth was assessed by determining the percentage of the cross-sectional area penetrated by fibrovascular tissue. On gross inspection, 12 implants (37.5%) were found to be exposed at harvesting; however, only two were grossly infected. The highest rate of exposure was found among the unwrapped implants. Wrapped versus unwrapped and fenestrated versus unfenestrated implants did not result in significant differences in the extent of vascularization. @entity3 implants were vascularized most rapidly. The small-pore PP implants did not become fully vascularized during the study, and yet complete vascularization was found in the large-pore PP at 12 weeks. The most intense areas of microscopic fibrovascular ingrowth were in the region where the extraocular muscles were in direct contact with the implant and at the posterior opening. Exposure of the implant was accompanied by chronic and acute @entity0 . Both HA and large-pore PP spherical implants are capable of complete vascularization in this animal model.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparison of fibrovascular ingrowth into @entity3 and porous XXXX orbital implants.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Two porous orbital implants available for clinical use in the anophthalmic socket are @entity3 (HA) and porous @entity2 (PP). We examined the rate and the extent of fibrovascular ingrowth into these implants using histopathologic criteria in a @entity1 model. Thirty-two New Zealand white @entity1 underwent a unilateral enucleation with placement of a 14-mm spherical orbital implant. Twelve @entity1 received HA, 12 small-pore PP, and 8 large-pore PP. The implants inserted were wrapped either in autologous sclera with and without anterior fenestrations or as unwrapped spheres. The implants were harvested at 6 and 12 weeks. The extent of fibrovascular ingrowth was assessed by determining the percentage of the cross-sectional area penetrated by fibrovascular tissue. On gross inspection, 12 implants (37.5%) were found to be exposed at harvesting; however, only two were grossly infected. The highest rate of exposure was found among the unwrapped implants. Wrapped versus unwrapped and fenestrated versus unfenestrated implants did not result in significant differences in the extent of vascularization. @entity3 implants were vascularized most rapidly. The small-pore PP implants did not become fully vascularized during the study, and yet complete vascularization was found in the large-pore PP at 12 weeks. The most intense areas of microscopic fibrovascular ingrowth were in the region where the extraocular muscles were in direct contact with the implant and at the posterior opening. Exposure of the implant was accompanied by chronic and acute @entity0 . Both HA and large-pore PP spherical implants are capable of complete vascularization in this animal model.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparison of fibrovascular ingrowth into XXXX and porous @entity2 orbital implants.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in @entity0 with intractable @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 7 @entity0 with intractable @entity1 were treated with pereutaneous test stimulation of the S3 nerve root and were assessed by sacral never stimulation system in our department from January 2013 to January 2014. Four of these 7 @entity0 received operation for @entity1 before. The efficacy was assessed by bowel habit diary, clinic @entity1 scores, subjective questionnaire and clinical signs. RESULTS: The @entity1 symptoms were improved significantly in all the 7 @entity0 . The frequency and volume of defecation per week were increased obviously, and the average urine was increased. Six @entity0 underwent permanent implantation of the SNS system. After a median 4 months follow-up, the defecation frequency increased from 0.6  0.5 to 8.0  2.5 per week (P<0.01), and the defecation time decreased from (22.9  11.5) to (3.7  0.8) min (P<0.01). The Cleveland clinic @entity1 score decreased from 24.6  4.2 to 9.0  0.9(P<0.01), and the visual analogue scale(VAS) score increased from 8.1  0.9 to 82.5  5.2(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: SNM is a clinically efficacious, minimally invasive and safe new technique, which offers an alternative treatment for the @entity0 with intractable @entity1 resistant to conservative treatment, especially for the @entity0 refractory to traditional operations.

title: [Sacral neuromodulation in the treatment of intractable XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Heparin and its derivatives are known to attenuate @entity1 @entity0 in preclinical models, but have not been used clinically due to adverse bleeding effects. This study compared the efficacy of S-NACH (a sulfated non-anticoagulant heparin) versus @entity6 (a low molecular weight heparin) in inhibiting @entity0 of a growing @entity1 and following surgical excision of @entity1 in a @entity4 @entity2 model. The efficacy of S-NACH versus @entity6 on @entity0 of the @entity1 was evaluated in each experiment using IVIS imaging. Athymic female @entity2 were treated with S-NACH or @entity6 , and 30  min later luciferase-transfected @entity4 cells (Mpanc96) were implanted into the spleen; treatment was continued daily until termination. Next we studied the effect of S-NACH versus @entity6 on @entity0 after surgical excision of the @entity1 after 3 weeks of daily treatment with S-NACH or @entity6 . S-NACH reduced surgically induced @entity0 (p<0.01) and @entity1 recurrence (p<0.05) relative to control. Histopathological studies demonstrated significant increase in @entity1 @entity3 mediated by S-NACH and to lesser extent by @entity6 as compared to control group. Furthermore, either S-NACH or @entity6 upregulated the expression of the junctional adhesion molecule @entity5 in @entity4 cells where its low expression enhances @entity1 cell migration and invasion. In terms of bleeding time (BT), S-NACH did not affect BT as compared to @entity6 , which doubled BT. These data suggest that S-NACH is an effective and safe anti-metastatic agent and warrants further clinical evaluation.

title: Anti- @entity0 efficacy and safety of non-anticoagulant heparin derivative versus low molecular weight heparin in surgical XXXX models.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Heparin and its derivatives are known to attenuate @entity1 @entity0 in preclinical models, but have not been used clinically due to adverse bleeding effects. This study compared the efficacy of S-NACH (a sulfated non-anticoagulant heparin) versus @entity6 (a low molecular weight heparin) in inhibiting @entity0 of a growing @entity1 and following surgical excision of @entity1 in a @entity4 @entity2 model. The efficacy of S-NACH versus @entity6 on @entity0 of the @entity1 was evaluated in each experiment using IVIS imaging. Athymic female @entity2 were treated with S-NACH or @entity6 , and 30  min later luciferase-transfected @entity4 cells (Mpanc96) were implanted into the spleen; treatment was continued daily until termination. Next we studied the effect of S-NACH versus @entity6 on @entity0 after surgical excision of the @entity1 after 3 weeks of daily treatment with S-NACH or @entity6 . S-NACH reduced surgically induced @entity0 (p<0.01) and @entity1 recurrence (p<0.05) relative to control. Histopathological studies demonstrated significant increase in @entity1 @entity3 mediated by S-NACH and to lesser extent by @entity6 as compared to control group. Furthermore, either S-NACH or @entity6 upregulated the expression of the junctional adhesion molecule @entity5 in @entity4 cells where its low expression enhances @entity1 cell migration and invasion. In terms of bleeding time (BT), S-NACH did not affect BT as compared to @entity6 , which doubled BT. These data suggest that S-NACH is an effective and safe anti-metastatic agent and warrants further clinical evaluation.

title: Anti- XXXX efficacy and safety of non-anticoagulant heparin derivative versus low molecular weight heparin in surgical @entity4 models.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The contractile properties of cardiac myocytes depend on the @entity2 ( @entity1 ) released by clusters of @entity3 receptors (RyRs) throughout the myoplasm. Accurate quantification of the spatial distribution of RyRs has previously been challenging due to the comparatively low resolution in optical microscopy. We have combined single-molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) in a super-resolution modality known as dSTORM with immunofluorescence staining of tissue sections of @entity0 ventricles to resolve a wide, near-exponential size distribution of @entity5 clusters that lined on average ~57% of the perimeter of each myofibril. The average size of internal couplons is ~63 RyRs (nearly 4 times larger than that of peripheral couplons) and the largest clusters contain many hundreds of RyRs. Similar to previous observations in peripheral couplons, we observe many clusters with one or few receptors; however >= 80% of the total RyRs were detected in clusters containing >= 100 receptors. ~56% of all clusters were within an edge-to-edge distance sufficiently close to co-activate via @entity1 -induced @entity1 release (100nm) and were grouped into 'superclusters'. The co-location of superclusters with the same or adjacent t-tubular connections in dual-colour super-resolution images suggested that member sub-clusters may be exposed to similar local luminal @entity1 levels. Dual-colour dSTORM revealed high co-localisation between the cardiac junctional protein @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 clusters that confirmed that the majority of the @entity5 clusters observed are dyadic. The increased sensitivity of super-resolution images revealed approximately twice as many @entity5 clusters (2.2clusters/ m(3)) compared to previous confocal measurements. We show that, in general, the differences of previous confocal estimates are largely attributable to the limited spatial resolution of diffraction-limited imaging. The new data can be used to inform the construction of detailed mechanistic models of cardiac @entity1 signalling.

title: Nanoscale analysis of XXXX receptor clusters in dyadic couplings of @entity0 cardiac myocytes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The contractile properties of cardiac myocytes depend on the @entity2 ( @entity1 ) released by clusters of @entity3 receptors (RyRs) throughout the myoplasm. Accurate quantification of the spatial distribution of RyRs has previously been challenging due to the comparatively low resolution in optical microscopy. We have combined single-molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) in a super-resolution modality known as dSTORM with immunofluorescence staining of tissue sections of @entity0 ventricles to resolve a wide, near-exponential size distribution of @entity5 clusters that lined on average ~57% of the perimeter of each myofibril. The average size of internal couplons is ~63 RyRs (nearly 4 times larger than that of peripheral couplons) and the largest clusters contain many hundreds of RyRs. Similar to previous observations in peripheral couplons, we observe many clusters with one or few receptors; however >= 80% of the total RyRs were detected in clusters containing >= 100 receptors. ~56% of all clusters were within an edge-to-edge distance sufficiently close to co-activate via @entity1 -induced @entity1 release (100nm) and were grouped into 'superclusters'. The co-location of superclusters with the same or adjacent t-tubular connections in dual-colour super-resolution images suggested that member sub-clusters may be exposed to similar local luminal @entity1 levels. Dual-colour dSTORM revealed high co-localisation between the cardiac junctional protein @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 clusters that confirmed that the majority of the @entity5 clusters observed are dyadic. The increased sensitivity of super-resolution images revealed approximately twice as many @entity5 clusters (2.2clusters/ m(3)) compared to previous confocal measurements. We show that, in general, the differences of previous confocal estimates are largely attributable to the limited spatial resolution of diffraction-limited imaging. The new data can be used to inform the construction of detailed mechanistic models of cardiac @entity1 signalling.

title: Nanoscale analysis of @entity3 receptor clusters in dyadic couplings of XXXX cardiac myocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical and economic effects of screening for @entity2 with @entity3 (PSA), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), and digital rectal examination (DRE). DESIGN: Decision analytic cost-utility analysis comparing four screening strategies with a strategy of not screening. We assumed that the @entity1 detection rate and stage distribution were predicted by each combination of tests and that localized @entity1 was treated with radical prostatectomy. For each strategy, we calculated life expectancy, quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE), and cost-utility ratios for unselected and high-prevalence populations. DATA: Probabilities and rates for clinical events were gathered from published data. We assessed utilities by the time-trade-off method using urologists, radiation oncologists, and internists as subjects. The Clinical Cost Manager at the New England Medical Center provided cost data. RESULTS: In unselected @entity0 between the ages of 50 and 70 years, screening with PSA or TRUS prolonged unadjusted life expectancy but diminished QALE. Screening with DRE alone yielded no reduction in mortality at any age. All programs increased costs. Results were sensitive only to assumptions about the efficacy of treatment. In high-prevalence populations, screening produced a similar pattern: gains in unadjusted life expectancy, losses in QALE, and increased costs. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis does not support using PSA, TRUS, or DRE to screen asymptomatic @entity0 for @entity2 . Screening may result in poorer health outcomes and will increase costs dramatically. Assessment of comorbidity, risk attitude, and valuation of sexual function may identify individuals who will benefit from screening, but selecting high-prevalence populations will not improve the benefit of screening.

title: Screening for XXXX . A decision analytic view.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and time of occurrence of chemotherapy-related toxic events in 100 @entity0 admitted to the Hematology-Oncology Ward of "Sfanta Maria" @entity0 's Emergency Hospital in Iasi, Romania, over a 4-year period. METHODS: An analytical, descriptive and comparative, retrospective and prospective study covering a 4-year period on the incidence of chemotherapy side effects, was performed on 100 @entity0 admitted for solid @entity1 or @entity9 . The probability of each adverse event to appear and the time period from chemotherapy initiation to the moment of side effect appearance were assessed. RESULTS: The most frequent @entity4 was @entity10 (79.5%), followed by medullary aplasia (71.1%), @entity11 (65.3%), @entity5 and @entity6 (64% each), @entity3 (61%), and @entity7 (21.5%). @entity12 and @entity11 were less frequent (13.2% and 12.2%, respectively). Remissions of the underlying disease were achieved in 69.9% of the cases. Alopecia, medullary aplasia and @entity11 developed during the first 14 months of treatment. @entity2 , @entity8 and @entity3 were diagnosed within the first 12 months of treatment. @entity5 or @entity11 appeared during the first 15 months, while @entity7 developed during the first 6 months. All remissions were obtained during the first 4 months of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: While @entity10 and medullary aplasia were the most frequent side effects of chemotherapy in our study group, the earliest were @entity7 , @entity8 and @entity3 .

title: Chemotherapy-related XXXX in childhood @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and time of occurrence of chemotherapy-related toxic events in 100 @entity0 admitted to the Hematology-Oncology Ward of "Sfanta Maria" @entity0 's Emergency Hospital in Iasi, Romania, over a 4-year period. METHODS: An analytical, descriptive and comparative, retrospective and prospective study covering a 4-year period on the incidence of chemotherapy side effects, was performed on 100 @entity0 admitted for solid @entity1 or @entity9 . The probability of each adverse event to appear and the time period from chemotherapy initiation to the moment of side effect appearance were assessed. RESULTS: The most frequent @entity4 was @entity10 (79.5%), followed by medullary aplasia (71.1%), @entity11 (65.3%), @entity5 and @entity6 (64% each), @entity3 (61%), and @entity7 (21.5%). @entity12 and @entity11 were less frequent (13.2% and 12.2%, respectively). Remissions of the underlying disease were achieved in 69.9% of the cases. Alopecia, medullary aplasia and @entity11 developed during the first 14 months of treatment. @entity2 , @entity8 and @entity3 were diagnosed within the first 12 months of treatment. @entity5 or @entity11 appeared during the first 15 months, while @entity7 developed during the first 6 months. All remissions were obtained during the first 4 months of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: While @entity10 and medullary aplasia were the most frequent side effects of chemotherapy in our study group, the earliest were @entity7 , @entity8 and @entity3 .

title: Chemotherapy-related @entity4 in childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The clinical feasibility of self-expanding metal stents with respect to the technical success, complications, and reintervention rate should be tested. METHODS: Five coated and 26 uncoated prototype Wallstents, especially designed for @entity4 of the upper GI tract, were implanted in 23 @entity0 . All @entity0 with @entity5 suffered from inoperable @entity1 @entity4 of the esophagus or the @entity3 . Stent implantation was performed under slight i.v. sedoanalgesia. RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in all 31 implanted stents. Forty-eight hr after implantation, @entity5 was improved in 21/23 @entity0 . Acute problems observed within 1 wk were stent migration (1 @entity0 , uncoated stent), oblique position of the stent (3 @entity0 ), epigastric or @entity2 (9 @entity0 ), insufficient stent expansion (4 @entity0 ), and pouch formation at the upper rim of the stent (4 @entity0 ). An uncomplicated follow-up (median 66 days, range 10-139 days) was seen in 12 @entity0 (52%). Major problems in the follow-up period were stent migration in three @entity0 (three coated stents, two stent migrations in one @entity0 ) and stent obstruction by @entity1 ingrowth/overgrowth and/or food impaction in eight @entity0 (35%). Most of these problems could be successfully resolved by implantation of a second stent or electrocoagulation of overgrowing @entity1 tissue. By the 1st of March, 1994, three @entity0 were still alive with a follow-up period of 530 days (median range, 336-880 days); 20 @entity0 were decreased with a follow-up period of 70 days (median range, 3-374 days). CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of esophageal Wallstents is safe and has a low risk of acute complications and mortality for the @entity0 . Early complications such as perforation and bleeding did not occur. @entity1 ingrowth/overgrowth are the major reasons for the high reintervention rate in the follow-up period. Coated stents can resolve this problem, provided that stent migration can be avoided by improvement of the coating technology.

title: Coated and uncoated self-expanding metal stents for malignant XXXX in the upper GI tract: preliminary clinical experiences with Wallstents.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteosynthesis of @entity5 is particularly indicated in @entity0 aged under 60 years. A prolonged interval between the @entity2 and surgical fixation has been associated with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) of the femoral head. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the time to surgery and the development of complications in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: @entity0 with displaced @entity5 (Garden III or IV) who underwent fixation with three cannulated screws in the inverted triangle configuration from January 2009 to December 2010 were evaluated retrospectively for the development of orthopaedic complications. @entity0 were divided into two groups according to the time to surgery (within 7 days or more than 7 days). Complication rates were compared between the two groups. Regression analyses were performed to assess the risk factors for complications. RESULTS: Thirty-one @entity0 were included in the study; the duration of follow-up ranged from 24 to 50 months. The time from @entity2 to surgery ranged from 3 to 18 days. Fifteen @entity0 underwent surgery within 7 days, and 16 @entity0 underwent surgery after 7 days. There were four cases of femoral @entity1 . One @entity0 had an associated @entity4 ; one @entity0 experienced non-union, and another @entity3 . There were no statistically significant differences in the overall rate of complications between the groups (p = 0.999). None of the preoperative parameters or @entity2 characteristics were predictive factors for complications. The only factor associated with the development of complications was inadequate @entity2 reduction in the anteroposterior (AP) view (odds ratio [OR] = 35.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.56 to 548.36, p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: The interval between the occurrence of the @entity7 is not associated with the development of complications in @entity5 . Inadequate @entity2 reduction in the AP view is a predictive factor for complications in these @entity2 .

title: Influence of time to surgery on the incidence of complications in XXXX treated with cannulated screws.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Due to migration, doctors see @entity0 from different ethnic backgrounds. This causes challenges for the communication. To develop training programs for doctors in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), it is important to know which barriers and facilitators determine the quality of @entity1 . This study aimed to provide an overview of the literature and to explore how @entity1 works. METHODS: A systematic search was performed to find literature published before October 2012. The search terms used were cultural, communication, healthcare worker. A realist synthesis allowed us to use an explanatory focus to understand the interplay of communication. RESULTS: In total, 145 articles met the inclusion criteria. We found @entity1 challenges due to language, cultural and social differences, and doctors' assumptions. The mechanisms were described as factors influencing the process of @entity1 and divided into objectives, core skills and specific skills. The results were synthesized in a framework for the development of training. CONCLUSION: The quality of @entity1 is influenced by the context and by the mechanisms. These mechanisms translate into practical points for training, which seem to have similarities with @entity0 -centered communication. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Training for improving @entity1 can be developed as an extension of the existing training for @entity0 -centered communication.

title: Factors influencing intercultural doctor- XXXX communication: A realist review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Most of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are severe @entity2 . There is currently no established treatment due to a lack of controlled/blinded studies. High-dose glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) therapy have been widely used, but these approaches remain controversial. This study introduces a novel method by which to treat severe @entity7 / @entity1 @entity0 who were refractory to glucocorticoids and IVIG. @entity0 AND METHODS: Seven @entity0 with @entity7 and three @entity0 with @entity1 were enrolled in this non-blinded, uncontrolled study. The average @entity0 age was 8.1 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1. Hemoperfusion was conducted daily using a HA280 resin sorbent column until new @entity3 ceased appearing and the skin started healing with visible re-epithelialization. RESULTS: The average BSA involvement in @entity7 and @entity1 was 8.57% and 75%, respectively. The number of hemoperfusion sessions ranged from 3 to 5. Hemoperfusion led to prompt improvements in general health and halted the disease progression. All @entity0 were discharged and recovered completely. The average length of stay was 14.4 days. Four @entity0 experienced adverse reactions: femoral vein @entity6 (N = 2), @entity5 (N = 1), and @entity4 (N = 1). CONCLUSIONS: Hemoperfusion may be a useful adjunct treatment for @entity0 with severe @entity7 / @entity1 if the initial treatment with glucocorticoids and IVIG fails.

title: Beneficial therapeutic effects of hemoperfusion in the treatment of severe @entity7 / XXXX : preliminary results.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Most of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are severe @entity2 . There is currently no established treatment due to a lack of controlled/blinded studies. High-dose glucocorticoids and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) therapy have been widely used, but these approaches remain controversial. This study introduces a novel method by which to treat severe @entity7 / @entity1 @entity0 who were refractory to glucocorticoids and IVIG. @entity0 AND METHODS: Seven @entity0 with @entity7 and three @entity0 with @entity1 were enrolled in this non-blinded, uncontrolled study. The average @entity0 age was 8.1 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1. Hemoperfusion was conducted daily using a HA280 resin sorbent column until new @entity3 ceased appearing and the skin started healing with visible re-epithelialization. RESULTS: The average BSA involvement in @entity7 and @entity1 was 8.57% and 75%, respectively. The number of hemoperfusion sessions ranged from 3 to 5. Hemoperfusion led to prompt improvements in general health and halted the disease progression. All @entity0 were discharged and recovered completely. The average length of stay was 14.4 days. Four @entity0 experienced adverse reactions: femoral vein @entity6 (N = 2), @entity5 (N = 1), and @entity4 (N = 1). CONCLUSIONS: Hemoperfusion may be a useful adjunct treatment for @entity0 with severe @entity7 / @entity1 if the initial treatment with glucocorticoids and IVIG fails.

title: Beneficial therapeutic effects of hemoperfusion in the treatment of severe XXXX / @entity1 : preliminary results.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 has been used widely in the management of treatment-resistant @entity1 . The present study aims at determining whether pre-treatment electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities would serve as a marker for response to @entity2 treatment. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study done in a tertiary care center in Mumbai where @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 using DSM-IV criteria and resistant @entity1 using Kane criteria were assessed using EEG prior to starting @entity2 treatment. They were rated for symptomatic improvement using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) along with Clinical Global Improvement for Severity (CGI-S). The results were statistically analysed and presented. RESULTS: 55 out of the 80 @entity0 in the study showed baseline EEG abnormalities. The mean duration of illness in the @entity0 were 2.65 years. Slow wave and background EEG abnormalities were common in pre-treatment EEG. 36.4% @entity0 in the study showed clinical response. @entity0 with negative symptoms and baseline EEG abnormalities showed better response. CONCLUSIONS: The study was circumscribed and had many limitations due to a small sample size. The relation between pre-treatment EEG abnormalities and @entity2 response could not be statistically correlated and it could not be ascertained to be a marker for response to @entity2 therapy.

title: XXXX response and pre-treatment EEG-is there some kind of relationship.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Husband working abroad may have not only favorable outcomes for wives and other family members but also adverse consequences, including @entity4 . Present study intended to look into @entity1 morbidity profiles of the Nepalese female @entity1 @entity0 and the stressors related with their husband working abroad. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a hospital-based descriptive study with convenient sampling method. Hundred consecutive female @entity1 @entity0 , with the particular stressor, coming into the contact of the investigating team were enrolled within the study period of 12 months. The @entity1 morbidities/diagnoses were sorted out according to the International classification of disease and infirmity, 10(th) edition (ICD-10) criteria. RESULTS: Average age of the enrolled cases was 29 years. Nearly half of the @entity0 were illiterate or barely literate. Some other stressors, besides the one of husband working abroad were found to precipitate the illness in about 60%, main being relational and health problems. Common presenting complaints were mood, @entity2 , and physical symptoms. Almost 30% of the subjects had some @entity5 in their past too and similar proportion had in their blood relatives. About one-third admitted to use substances, mainly @entity3 and cigarettes. The common @entity1 diagnoses were mood, @entity2 , @entity6 , and stress-related disorders. Nearly 10% had presented for suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS: The status of husband working abroad may have adverse consequences in mental health of @entity0 . Mood affect, @entity2 , and stress-related disorders are common @entity1 among them.

title: Psychiatric morbidities among mentally ill wives of Nepalese XXXX working abroad.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as a diagnostic and treatment procedure is used in most biliary tract and pancreatic. Either sedation or general anesthesia could be considered for this procedure. Combining a sedative with an opioid agent can provide effective moderate sedation. This study compared the impact of @entity7 - @entity6 (KF) versus propofol-remifentanil (PR) on sedation scale in @entity0 undergoing ERCP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As a double-blinded randomized clinical trial, 80 @entity0 selected by convenient sampling, allocated randomly into two groups. KF group received @entity7 0.5 mg/kg body weight intravenously over 60 s and then @entity6 1 mcg/kg body weight intravenously. PR group received @entity5 l mg/kg body weight intravenously over 60 s and then remifentanil 0.05 mcg/kg body weight/min intravenously. Intravenous (IV) infusion of @entity5 was maintained by 50 mcg/kg body weight/min throughout ERCP. Ramsay Sedation Score, vital signs, @entity1 saturation (SpO2), recovery score (modified Aldrete score) and visual analog scales of @entity2 intensity, and endoscopist's satisfaction were considered as measured outcomes. All analysis were analyzed by SPSS Statistics version 22 and using t-test, Chi-square and repeated measured ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests for data analysis. RESULTS: Respiratory rate and SpO2 level during the time intervals were lower in PR group (P < 0.001). Sedation score at intervals was not significantly different (P = 0.07). The frequency of @entity3 in PR group was significantly higher than the KF group (P = 0.003). The percentage of need to supplemental @entity1 in PR group was 35.1% that was also significantly higher than 8.8% in the KF group (P = 0.008), but the dosage frequency was significantly higher in KF group (P < 0.001). The KF and PR groups average length of stay in the recovery room were 50.71 standard deviation (SD = 9.99) and 42.57 (SD = 11.99) minutes, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P = 0.003). The mean severity of @entity4 in KF and PR groups was, respectively, 2.74 confidence interval (CI = 1.68-3.81) and 0.43 (CI = 0.11-0.75), that was significantly higher in KF group (P < 0.001). The average score of surgeon satisfaction in both KF and PR groups were 7.69 (CI = 7.16-8.21) and 8.65 (CI = 8.25-9.05), respectively, which was higher in KF group (P = 0.004), but the average level of @entity0 satisfaction in KF group was 8.86 (CI = 8.53-9.19) and in PR group was 8.95 (CI - 8.54-9.35) that were not significantly different (P = 0.074). CONCLUSION: There is no statistically significant difference between KF and PR combinations in sedation score, but PR combination provides better @entity2 control, with less @entity4 and shorter recovery time while causing more respiratory side effects, that is, @entity3 and need to @entity1 .

title: Assessment of the effects of XXXX - @entity6 combination versus @entity5 -remifentanil combination for sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as a diagnostic and treatment procedure is used in most biliary tract and pancreatic. Either sedation or general anesthesia could be considered for this procedure. Combining a sedative with an opioid agent can provide effective moderate sedation. This study compared the impact of @entity7 - @entity6 (KF) versus propofol-remifentanil (PR) on sedation scale in @entity0 undergoing ERCP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As a double-blinded randomized clinical trial, 80 @entity0 selected by convenient sampling, allocated randomly into two groups. KF group received @entity7 0.5 mg/kg body weight intravenously over 60 s and then @entity6 1 mcg/kg body weight intravenously. PR group received @entity5 l mg/kg body weight intravenously over 60 s and then remifentanil 0.05 mcg/kg body weight/min intravenously. Intravenous (IV) infusion of @entity5 was maintained by 50 mcg/kg body weight/min throughout ERCP. Ramsay Sedation Score, vital signs, @entity1 saturation (SpO2), recovery score (modified Aldrete score) and visual analog scales of @entity2 intensity, and endoscopist's satisfaction were considered as measured outcomes. All analysis were analyzed by SPSS Statistics version 22 and using t-test, Chi-square and repeated measured ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests for data analysis. RESULTS: Respiratory rate and SpO2 level during the time intervals were lower in PR group (P < 0.001). Sedation score at intervals was not significantly different (P = 0.07). The frequency of @entity3 in PR group was significantly higher than the KF group (P = 0.003). The percentage of need to supplemental @entity1 in PR group was 35.1% that was also significantly higher than 8.8% in the KF group (P = 0.008), but the dosage frequency was significantly higher in KF group (P < 0.001). The KF and PR groups average length of stay in the recovery room were 50.71 standard deviation (SD = 9.99) and 42.57 (SD = 11.99) minutes, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P = 0.003). The mean severity of @entity4 in KF and PR groups was, respectively, 2.74 confidence interval (CI = 1.68-3.81) and 0.43 (CI = 0.11-0.75), that was significantly higher in KF group (P < 0.001). The average score of surgeon satisfaction in both KF and PR groups were 7.69 (CI = 7.16-8.21) and 8.65 (CI = 8.25-9.05), respectively, which was higher in KF group (P = 0.004), but the average level of @entity0 satisfaction in KF group was 8.86 (CI = 8.53-9.19) and in PR group was 8.95 (CI - 8.54-9.35) that were not significantly different (P = 0.074). CONCLUSION: There is no statistically significant difference between KF and PR combinations in sedation score, but PR combination provides better @entity2 control, with less @entity4 and shorter recovery time while causing more respiratory side effects, that is, @entity3 and need to @entity1 .

title: Assessment of the effects of @entity7 - @entity6 combination versus XXXX -remifentanil combination for sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as a diagnostic and treatment procedure is used in most biliary tract and pancreatic. Either sedation or general anesthesia could be considered for this procedure. Combining a sedative with an opioid agent can provide effective moderate sedation. This study compared the impact of @entity7 - @entity6 (KF) versus propofol-remifentanil (PR) on sedation scale in @entity0 undergoing ERCP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As a double-blinded randomized clinical trial, 80 @entity0 selected by convenient sampling, allocated randomly into two groups. KF group received @entity7 0.5 mg/kg body weight intravenously over 60 s and then @entity6 1 mcg/kg body weight intravenously. PR group received @entity5 l mg/kg body weight intravenously over 60 s and then remifentanil 0.05 mcg/kg body weight/min intravenously. Intravenous (IV) infusion of @entity5 was maintained by 50 mcg/kg body weight/min throughout ERCP. Ramsay Sedation Score, vital signs, @entity1 saturation (SpO2), recovery score (modified Aldrete score) and visual analog scales of @entity2 intensity, and endoscopist's satisfaction were considered as measured outcomes. All analysis were analyzed by SPSS Statistics version 22 and using t-test, Chi-square and repeated measured ANOVA and Mann-Whitney tests for data analysis. RESULTS: Respiratory rate and SpO2 level during the time intervals were lower in PR group (P < 0.001). Sedation score at intervals was not significantly different (P = 0.07). The frequency of @entity3 in PR group was significantly higher than the KF group (P = 0.003). The percentage of need to supplemental @entity1 in PR group was 35.1% that was also significantly higher than 8.8% in the KF group (P = 0.008), but the dosage frequency was significantly higher in KF group (P < 0.001). The KF and PR groups average length of stay in the recovery room were 50.71 standard deviation (SD = 9.99) and 42.57 (SD = 11.99) minutes, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P = 0.003). The mean severity of @entity4 in KF and PR groups was, respectively, 2.74 confidence interval (CI = 1.68-3.81) and 0.43 (CI = 0.11-0.75), that was significantly higher in KF group (P < 0.001). The average score of surgeon satisfaction in both KF and PR groups were 7.69 (CI = 7.16-8.21) and 8.65 (CI = 8.25-9.05), respectively, which was higher in KF group (P = 0.004), but the average level of @entity0 satisfaction in KF group was 8.86 (CI = 8.53-9.19) and in PR group was 8.95 (CI - 8.54-9.35) that were not significantly different (P = 0.074). CONCLUSION: There is no statistically significant difference between KF and PR combinations in sedation score, but PR combination provides better @entity2 control, with less @entity4 and shorter recovery time while causing more respiratory side effects, that is, @entity3 and need to @entity1 .

title: Assessment of the effects of @entity7 - XXXX combination versus @entity5 -remifentanil combination for sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is one of the most common @entity2 in adolescent and young adult (AYA) @entity1 (ages 15-39) and may develop de novo or in @entity1 previously treated for @entity2 . This study compares the demographic, @entity2 , treatment characteristics, and overall survival (OS) of primary versus secondary (SMN) @entity0 in female AYAs. METHODS: All cases of invasive female AYA @entity0 in the 1998-2010 American College of Surgeons National @entity2 Database were divided into 2 cohorts according to primary or secondary occurrence. Comparisons using appropriate statistical methods were performed. RESULTS: Of 106,771 @entity1 , 6241 (5.8%) had experienced a prior, histologically distinct @entity2 . Breast SMNs were more likely ER-/PR- (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.15-1.34), <1 cm (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.73-1.99) @entity2 and present at a lower T, N (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.34-1.52), and summary stage but with more distant metastases (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.21-1.67) compared with primary @entity2 . Adjusted by stage, SMN @entity1 underwent more total mastectomies and received less chemotherapy, radiation, and hormonal therapy. However, SMN @entity1 received definitive surgical treatment almost twice as fast compared with primary @entity2 (36.12 vs 67.26 days, P   <   .001). @entity1 with SMNs had a significantly decreased 3-year OS (79% vs 88.5%, P   <   .001), with SMN status an independent risk factor for increased mortality (HR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.41-1.77). CONCLUSIONS: Nonprimary @entity0 in AYAs has different @entity2 characteristics, presents at a lower stage, and receives less adjuvant therapy than primary @entity2 . SMN status is an independent risk factor for decreased OS, with an almost 10% decrease at 3 years. Whether the outcome disparity results from previous @entity2 treatment or differences in biology, environment, or access to care needs further investigation. @entity2 2014.    2014 American @entity2 Society.

title: Comparison of primary and secondary XXXX in adolescents and young adults.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND:    It is difficult to determine whether early @entity1 treatment is effective and reducing the infectiousness of @entity0 ' sputum because culture takes weeks and conventional acid-fast sputum microscopy and molecular tests cannot differentiate live from dead @entity1 . METHODS:    To assess treatment response, sputum samples (n=124) from unselected @entity0 (n=35) with sputum microscopy-positive @entity1 were tested pre-treatment and after 3, 6 and 9 days of empiric first-line therapy. @entity1 quantitative viability microscopy with @entity3 , quantitative culture and acid-fast @entity4 -microscopy were all performed in triplicate. RESULTS:    @entity1 quantitative viability microscopy predicted quantitative culture results such that 76% of results agreed within   1 logarithm (rS=0.85, p<0.0001). In 31 @entity0 with @entity2 , viability and quantitative culture results approximately halved (both 0.27 logarithm reduction, p<0.001) daily. For @entity0 with @entity2 and available data, by treatment day 9 there was more than a 10-fold reduction in viability in 100% (24/24) of cases and quantitative culture in 95% (19/20) of cases. Four other @entity0 subsequently found to have @entity2 had no significant changes in viability (p=0.4) or quantitative culture (p=0.6) results during early treatment. The change in viability and quantitative culture results during early treatment differed significantly comparing @entity0 with @entity2 (both p<0.001). Acid-fast microscopy results changed little during early treatment and this change was similar comparing @entity0 with @entity2 (p=0.6). CONCLUSIONS:    @entity1 quantitative viability microscopy is a simple test that within one hour predicted quantitative culture results that became available weeks later, rapidly indicating whether @entity0 were responding to @entity1 therapy.

title: Clinical evaluation of XXXX viability microscopy for assessing treatment response.

answer: @entity1