abstract: OBJECTIVES: To present the longitudinal outcomes in an observational cohort of @entity0 who had undergone treatment of stress @entity1 with a single incision mid-urethral sling (MUS). METHODS: A prospective, observational study of all female @entity0 who had undergone surgical intervention with the MiniArc MUS was performed. The surgical candidates underwent history and physical examination and urodynamic testing, as indicated. Quality of life questionnaires (Urogenital Distress Inventory [UDI-6] and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire [IIQ-7]) were administered preoperatively. The salient operative data were recorded. The @entity0 were followed up postoperatively for evidence of treatment success and adverse events. The @entity0 completed the UDI-6, IIQ-7, and Female Sexual Function Index questionnaires at 1 and 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: From September 2007 to October 2008, 120 @entity0 underwent placement of the MiniArc MUS for the treatment of stress @entity1 . The mean @entity0 age was 58.4 years. The mean body mass index was 27.2 kg/m(2). The mean preoperative daily pad use was 2.4. The mean preoperative IIQ-7 and UDI-6 score was 86.58 and 62.5, respectively. Of the 120 @entity0 , 108 (90%) completed a minimum follow-up period of 12 months. Of these 108 @entity0 , 101 (94%) were cured/dry. The mean postoperative pad use was 0.2 (P < .001). The mean IIQ-7 and UDI-6 score was 13.32 (P < .001) and 12.5 (P < .001), respectively. The Female Sexual Function Index results demonstrated no discomfort with intercourse in 49%, occasional discomfort in 9%, and frequent discomfort in 2%. The remaining 40% of our @entity0 were not sexually active. CONCLUSIONS: Our results have shown that the MiniArc MUS offers excellent outcomes that are durable at 1 year after treatment.

title: Single incision mid-urethral sling for treatment of female stress XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To present our experience with @entity0 who elected active surveillance for @entity6 ( @entity6 ) with >= 5 years of follow-up. Few data are available regarding the long-term natural history of @entity6 during surveillance. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our urologic oncology database and identified 44 @entity0 with 51 @entity6 who had received active surveillance for >5 years of follow-up. The @entity0 and @entity2 characteristics and @entity2 growth rate and overall survival data were evaluated. RESULTS: The median @entity0 age was 71.7 years (range 55-92), with 32 @entity0 (72.7%) having a Charlson comorbidity index of >= 2. The median @entity2 size was 2.67 cm (range 0.9-8.6) at diagnosis. Biopsy was performed in 17 @entity0 (38.6%). Of these 17 @entity0 , @entity7 was diagnosed in 15 and @entity7 in 2 @entity0 . The median follow-up was 77.1 months (range 60-137), and the median growth rate was 0.15 cm/y. Of these @entity0 , 2 (4.5%) required delayed intervention. One underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy because of a high @entity2 growth rate, and one elected to withdraw from active surveillance because of personal @entity4 , despite having a stable @entity2 size for 72 months. The latter @entity0 underwent laparoscopic renal cryoablation. Histopathologic examination revealed @entity7 in both cases. No @entity1 or @entity2 -related @entity5 occurred in our cohort; 1 @entity0 died of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity6 undergoing surveillance for >5 years grew slowly. The metastatic potential appeared minimal in @entity0 who demonstrated low or @entity2 growth for a long period.

title: Natural history of XXXX during active surveillance with follow-up longer than 5 years.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Although all beta blockers have been found to be effective in the symptomatic relief of @entity1 , the importance of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) has not been studied extensively. In a randomized, double-blind study, we administered equipotent doses of @entity2 (10, 20, and 40 mg four times a day) and @entity5 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg four times a day), a beta blocker with significant ISA, to 52 @entity0 with @entity1 . Both agents were found to be effective in the treatment of @entity1 . At peak dose, @entity2 reduced the number of @entity1 @entity4 weeks from 29.29 +/- 4.79 to 18.0 +/- 4.4 (p = 0.021) (a 39% reduction) and increased the exercise tolerance on the treadmill from 7.55 +/- 0.67 METS to 9.36 +/- 0.58 (p = 0.002). @entity5 decreased the number of @entity3 @entity4 weeks from 16.48 +/- 2.63 to 8.65 +/- 2.46 (p = 0.0027) (a 48% reduction) and increased exercise tolerance from 7.95 +/- 0.56 METS to 9.40 +/- 0.57 (p = 0.0245). At the end of the maximum tolerated exercise, @entity2 decreased the heart rate from 110.00 +/- 3.41 to 99.71 +/- 3.74 (p = 0.0015). @entity5 also decreased the heart rate at the maximum tolerated exercise from 113.59 +/- 3.24 to 108.12 +/- 3.16 (p = 0.0102). At rest, however, @entity2 induced a more pronounced (p = 0.0066) decrease in heart rate (from 69.00 +/- 1.85 to 61.50 +/- 1.99; p = 0.0018), whereas @entity5 did not significantly affect the resting heart rate (65.37 +/- 1.47 to 65.5 +/- 1.44; p = 0.9392). In addition @entity2 decreased echocardiographically determined ejection fraction from 0.57 +/- 0.02 to 0.15 +/- 0.01 (p = 0.04) and increased the left ventricular end-diastolic volume from 71.8 +/- 3.2 to 92.2 +/- 1.9 ml (p = 0.003), whereas @entity5 did not affect the ejection fraction and caused a less pronounced (p = 0.03) increase in end-diastolic volume (from 70.8 +/- 1.8 to 80.2 +/- 2.8; p = 0.02). The data indicate that both @entity2 and @entity5 are effective in the treatment of @entity1 and that @entity5 decreases the resting heart rate and ejection fraction and increases the left ventricular end-diastolic volume to a lesser extent than @entity2 .

title: Treatment of XXXX with @entity5 : the significance of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of beta blockers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Although all beta blockers have been found to be effective in the symptomatic relief of @entity1 , the importance of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA) has not been studied extensively. In a randomized, double-blind study, we administered equipotent doses of @entity2 (10, 20, and 40 mg four times a day) and @entity5 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg four times a day), a beta blocker with significant ISA, to 52 @entity0 with @entity1 . Both agents were found to be effective in the treatment of @entity1 . At peak dose, @entity2 reduced the number of @entity1 @entity4 weeks from 29.29 +/- 4.79 to 18.0 +/- 4.4 (p = 0.021) (a 39% reduction) and increased the exercise tolerance on the treadmill from 7.55 +/- 0.67 METS to 9.36 +/- 0.58 (p = 0.002). @entity5 decreased the number of @entity3 @entity4 weeks from 16.48 +/- 2.63 to 8.65 +/- 2.46 (p = 0.0027) (a 48% reduction) and increased exercise tolerance from 7.95 +/- 0.56 METS to 9.40 +/- 0.57 (p = 0.0245). At the end of the maximum tolerated exercise, @entity2 decreased the heart rate from 110.00 +/- 3.41 to 99.71 +/- 3.74 (p = 0.0015). @entity5 also decreased the heart rate at the maximum tolerated exercise from 113.59 +/- 3.24 to 108.12 +/- 3.16 (p = 0.0102). At rest, however, @entity2 induced a more pronounced (p = 0.0066) decrease in heart rate (from 69.00 +/- 1.85 to 61.50 +/- 1.99; p = 0.0018), whereas @entity5 did not significantly affect the resting heart rate (65.37 +/- 1.47 to 65.5 +/- 1.44; p = 0.9392). In addition @entity2 decreased echocardiographically determined ejection fraction from 0.57 +/- 0.02 to 0.15 +/- 0.01 (p = 0.04) and increased the left ventricular end-diastolic volume from 71.8 +/- 3.2 to 92.2 +/- 1.9 ml (p = 0.003), whereas @entity5 did not affect the ejection fraction and caused a less pronounced (p = 0.03) increase in end-diastolic volume (from 70.8 +/- 1.8 to 80.2 +/- 2.8; p = 0.02). The data indicate that both @entity2 and @entity5 are effective in the treatment of @entity1 and that @entity5 decreases the resting heart rate and ejection fraction and increases the left ventricular end-diastolic volume to a lesser extent than @entity2 .

title: Treatment of @entity1 with XXXX : the significance of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of beta blockers.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Gynecologic @entity8 is an aggressive @entity1 that requires more effective treatment approaches. However, therapeutic implications regarding the specific gynecologic site of origin and the admixture of @entity5 that define this @entity1 remain uncertain. Therefore, broad genotyping was performed to identify tissue-specific somatic mutational profiles that may help direct targeted therapies in this complex @entity1 . METHODS: Genotyping was conducted on primary gynecologic @entity8 arising from various disease sites (uterus, @entity7 ) and within isolated histological subcomponents. Nucleic acids extracted from diagnostic tissue were used in a genotyping platform that simultaneously queried >120 common mutations across 14 @entity1 genes. Mutational status was correlated with clinical variables using logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. RESULTS: @entity1 gene mutations were identified in 46% of the 52 @entity0 cohort and include @entity2 (23%), @entity10 (19%), @entity3 (15%), @entity4 (4%) and @entity9 (2%). Mutation in a single gene was observed in 31% of @entity0 samples, while synchronous mutations involving 2 and 3 genes were noted in 13% and 2% of samples, respectively. Comparative evaluation of the @entity5 within a @entity1 demonstrated a similar mutation signature. Mutations in @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity9 were exclusive to @entity1 of uterine origin and age-adjusted Cox proportional hazards modeling associated advanced age, stage and @entity2 mutations with decreased survival in the uterine subset. CONCLUSION: While @entity8 across @entity11 sites are histologically similar, therapeutically relevant mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity6 3-kinase pathways predominated in @entity8 arising in the uterus.

title: Tissue-specific signatures of activating @entity10 and RAS mutations in XXXX of gynecologic origin.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Gynecologic @entity8 is an aggressive @entity1 that requires more effective treatment approaches. However, therapeutic implications regarding the specific gynecologic site of origin and the admixture of @entity5 that define this @entity1 remain uncertain. Therefore, broad genotyping was performed to identify tissue-specific somatic mutational profiles that may help direct targeted therapies in this complex @entity1 . METHODS: Genotyping was conducted on primary gynecologic @entity8 arising from various disease sites (uterus, @entity7 ) and within isolated histological subcomponents. Nucleic acids extracted from diagnostic tissue were used in a genotyping platform that simultaneously queried >120 common mutations across 14 @entity1 genes. Mutational status was correlated with clinical variables using logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. RESULTS: @entity1 gene mutations were identified in 46% of the 52 @entity0 cohort and include @entity2 (23%), @entity10 (19%), @entity3 (15%), @entity4 (4%) and @entity9 (2%). Mutation in a single gene was observed in 31% of @entity0 samples, while synchronous mutations involving 2 and 3 genes were noted in 13% and 2% of samples, respectively. Comparative evaluation of the @entity5 within a @entity1 demonstrated a similar mutation signature. Mutations in @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity9 were exclusive to @entity1 of uterine origin and age-adjusted Cox proportional hazards modeling associated advanced age, stage and @entity2 mutations with decreased survival in the uterine subset. CONCLUSION: While @entity8 across @entity11 sites are histologically similar, therapeutically relevant mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase and @entity6 3-kinase pathways predominated in @entity8 arising in the uterus.

title: Tissue-specific signatures of activating XXXX and RAS mutations in @entity8 of gynecologic origin.

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topotecan in @entity0 with recurrent @entity1 . METHODS: A randomized phase II analysis of @entity3 -sensitive @entity0 with measurable disease was performed independently assessing intravenous topotecan 1.25 mg/m2 daily 5 every 21 days (regimen I) and topotecan 4.0 mg/m2/day on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle (regimen II). All @entity0 were treated until disease progression, unmanageable @entity2 , or @entity0 refusal. Insufficient accrual related to regimen I resulted in a redesign of the study as a single arm phase II trial assessing only regimen II. More complete efficacy data is presented for regimen II as enrollment on regimen I was insufficient for some analyses. RESULTS: A total of 81 @entity0 were enrolled. One @entity0 was ineligible. Fifteen @entity0 received regimen I, while 65 @entity0 were treated with regimen II. The response rate on regimen I (daily 5) was 27% (90% CI: 10-51%) and 12% (90% CI: 6-21%) on regimen II (weekly). The median PFS and @entity5 were 4.8 and 27.8 months, respectively, for regimen II. Grade 3/4 @entity4 rate was 93% with daily 5 dosing and 28% for weekly treatment. @entity4 was very low in both groups. CONCLUSION: The weekly regimen of topotecan appeared less active but resulted in less @entity2 than the daily regimen in @entity3 -sensitive recurrent @entity1 @entity0 .

title: A phase II study of two topotecan regimens evaluated in recurrent @entity3 -sensitive XXXX : a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (GOG 146Q).

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topotecan in @entity0 with recurrent @entity1 . METHODS: A randomized phase II analysis of @entity3 -sensitive @entity0 with measurable disease was performed independently assessing intravenous topotecan 1.25 mg/m2 daily 5 every 21 days (regimen I) and topotecan 4.0 mg/m2/day on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle (regimen II). All @entity0 were treated until disease progression, unmanageable @entity2 , or @entity0 refusal. Insufficient accrual related to regimen I resulted in a redesign of the study as a single arm phase II trial assessing only regimen II. More complete efficacy data is presented for regimen II as enrollment on regimen I was insufficient for some analyses. RESULTS: A total of 81 @entity0 were enrolled. One @entity0 was ineligible. Fifteen @entity0 received regimen I, while 65 @entity0 were treated with regimen II. The response rate on regimen I (daily 5) was 27% (90% CI: 10-51%) and 12% (90% CI: 6-21%) on regimen II (weekly). The median PFS and @entity5 were 4.8 and 27.8 months, respectively, for regimen II. Grade 3/4 @entity4 rate was 93% with daily 5 dosing and 28% for weekly treatment. @entity4 was very low in both groups. CONCLUSION: The weekly regimen of topotecan appeared less active but resulted in less @entity2 than the daily regimen in @entity3 -sensitive recurrent @entity1 @entity0 .

title: A phase II study of two topotecan regimens evaluated in recurrent XXXX -sensitive @entity1 : a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (GOG 146Q).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a severe demyelinating @entity3 (CNS) associated with the presence of an autoimmune antibody response ( @entity2 -IgG) against the water channel aquaporin-4 ( @entity2 ). It remains unclear whether pathologic @entity2 -IgG in the CNS is produced entirely by peripheral plasma cells or is generated in part by infiltrating B cells. To determine the overlap of @entity2 -IgG idiotypes between the CNS and periphery, we compared the immunoglobulin G (IgG) transcriptome of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plasmablasts with the CSF and serum IgG proteomes in 7 @entity2 -seropositive @entity1 @entity0 following exacerbation. METHODS: CSF variable region Ig heavy- (VH) and light-chain (VL) transcriptome libraries were generated for each @entity0 from CSF plasmablasts by single cell sorting, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and DNA sequencing. Recombinant antibodies were generated from clonally expanded, paired VH and VL sequences and tested for @entity2 -reactivity by cell-binding assay. CSF and serum IgG fractions were searched for sequences that matched their respective CSF IgG transcriptome. Matching peptides within the same @entity0 's CSF and serum IgG proteomes were also identified. RESULTS: In each @entity1 @entity0 , we recovered CSF IgG VH and VL sequences that matched germline-mutated IgG protein sequences from the @entity0 's CSF and serum IgG proteomes. Although a modest variation was observed between @entity0 , the overlap between the transcriptome and proteome sequences was found primarily, but not exclusively, within the CSF. More than 50% of the CSF IgG transcriptome sequences were exclusively found in the CSF IgG proteome, whereas 28% were found in both the CSF and blood IgG proteome, and 18% were found exclusively in the blood proteome. A comparable distribution was noted when only @entity2 -specific IgG clones were considered. Similarly, on average, only 50% of the CSF IgG proteome matched corresponding peptide sequences in the serum. CONCLUSIONS: During @entity1 exacerbations, a substantial fraction of the intrathecal Ig proteome is generated by an intrathecal B cell population composed of both novel and peripherally-derived clones. Intrathecal CSF B cell clones may contribute to @entity1 disease exacerbation and lesion formation and may be an important target for preventative therapies.

title: The cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulin transcriptome and proteome in XXXX reveals central nervous system-specific B cell populations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which was related with an acquired resistance to @entity6 , was found in the @entity1 cell line. However, the clinical feasibility of this finding is still questionable. Here, we investigated whether EMT could be detected in a more clinically suitable situation using @entity0 's @entity2 and cells with deletion mutation on exon 19 of @entity3 gene. METHODS: @entity0 cell line was used to establish the subline resistant to @entity3 -TKIs. The induction of EMT was analyzed by immunostainings and Western blots in resistant cells and biopsied tissue from a @entity0 with acquired resistance to @entity5 . Migration and invasion assay was performed to characterize the resistant cells. EMT-related genes expression was evaluated by cDNA microarray. Phospho-receptor @entity4 kinase array analysis was carried out to find bypass activating signals such as MET. RESULTS: We found that EMT developed in a @entity1 @entity0 who had an acquired resistance to @entity5 while there were no known resistant mechanisms such as @entity7 and MET amplification. CL-387,785-resistant cells (HCC827/CLR) were obtained by long-term exposure to increasing concentrations of CL-387,785 (an irreversible @entity3 -TKI). The morphological and molecular maker changes compatible with EMT were also found in @entity0 /CLR cells. However, there were also no secondary @entity7 mutation and MET amplification. Furthermore, the activity of most of tested RTKs including receptor HER family was decreased suggesting that there was no bypass activating signal leading to resistance. These cells showed an enhanced capability for migration (   1.6-fold) and invasion (   2.8-fold). CONCLUSION: EMT should be considered as one of possible mechanisms for the acquired resistance to @entity3 -TKIs in @entity1 cells.

title: Clinical and molecular evidences of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in acquired resistance to XXXX -TKIs.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the eyelid is a highly malignant @entity2 that arises from the meibomian glands, glands of Zeis, and sebaceous glands of the skin. The characteristics of this disease are high recurrence rate, significant metastatic potential, and notable mortality rate, which are quite different from @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We report the case of a 37-year-old @entity0 with the history of left lower eyelid @entity4 (diagnosed 9 years ago), who had left parotid lymph nodes @entity1 and local recurrence twice. The chief complaint during visit was a left upper eyelid swelling mass noted for 3 months. She received salvage ablation surgery later. The final pathologic report is @entity3 . The diagnosis corresponds to the clinical presentation of this @entity0 at last. The delay between initial examination and final diagnosis in this @entity0 is about 9 years, but operation and concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed after left parotid lymph nodes @entity1 was noted. Although there was still local recurrence after concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the @entity0 is still alive without distant @entity1 . In this article, we would discuss the differences of the pathologic characters, treatment, and prognosis between @entity3 and @entity4 .

title: Recurrent XXXX of eyelid previously diagnosed as @entity4 : case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the eyelid is a highly malignant @entity2 that arises from the meibomian glands, glands of Zeis, and sebaceous glands of the skin. The characteristics of this disease are high recurrence rate, significant metastatic potential, and notable mortality rate, which are quite different from @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We report the case of a 37-year-old @entity0 with the history of left lower eyelid @entity4 (diagnosed 9 years ago), who had left parotid lymph nodes @entity1 and local recurrence twice. The chief complaint during visit was a left upper eyelid swelling mass noted for 3 months. She received salvage ablation surgery later. The final pathologic report is @entity3 . The diagnosis corresponds to the clinical presentation of this @entity0 at last. The delay between initial examination and final diagnosis in this @entity0 is about 9 years, but operation and concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed after left parotid lymph nodes @entity1 was noted. Although there was still local recurrence after concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the @entity0 is still alive without distant @entity1 . In this article, we would discuss the differences of the pathologic characters, treatment, and prognosis between @entity3 and @entity4 .

title: Recurrent @entity3 of eyelid previously diagnosed as XXXX : case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To clarify the frequency and distribution pattern of calcifications in all and in only non-assessable coronary arterial segments in symptomatic @entity0 with @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 2355 consecutive coronary CT angiographies performed using a 320-row ADCT, 1129 studies performed by prospective one-beat scanning without metallic and motion artifacts were evaluated. Frequency and degree of @entity4 were assessed for each coronary segment. Evaluations were performed in all and in only non-assessable segments, and the results were compared. RESULTS: Calcified segments were observed in 15.6  % of @entity0 and 2.4  % of segments. The most extensively calcified segments were those in the proximal left anterior descending branch. 1.1  % of all of the segments were not assessable due to @entity4 , and 90  % of those non-assessable segments had high-grade calcifications. When the @entity2 score value was 1000 or 2000, the expected frequency of non-assessable segments was 27.5 or 53.5  %, respectively. CONCLUSION: There were specific features of the distribution of @entity3 . It is important to be familiar with these features when deciding whether or not to perform subtraction CCTA.

title: Segmental distributions of calcifications and non-assessable lesions on coronary computed tomographic angiography: evaluation in symptomatic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Brachytherapy (radioactive seed insertion) has emerged as one of the most effective treatment options for @entity0 with @entity3 , with the added benefit of a convenient outpatient procedure. The main limitation in contemporary brachytherapy is faulty seed placement, predominantly due to the presence of intra-operative @entity1 (tissue expansion). Though currently not available, the capability to intra-operatively monitor the seed distribution, can make a significant improvement in @entity2 control. We present such a system here. METHODS: Intra-operative measurement of @entity1 in prostate brachytherapy requires localization of inserted radioactive seeds relative to the prostate. Seeds were reconstructed using a typical non-isocentric C-arm, and exported to a commercial brachytherapy treatment planning system. Technical obstacles for 3D reconstruction on a non-isocentric C-arm include pose-dependent C-arm calibration; distortion correction; pose estimation of C-arm images; seed reconstruction; and C-arm to TRUS registration. RESULTS: In precision-machined hard phantoms with 40-100 seeds and soft tissue phantoms with 45-87 seeds, we correctly reconstructed the seed implant shape with an average 3D precision of 0.35 mm and 0.24 mm, respectively. In a DoD Phase-1 clinical trial on six @entity0 with 48-82 planned seeds, we achieved intra-operative monitoring of seed distribution and dosimetry, correcting for dose inhomogeneities by inserting an average of over four additional seeds in the six enrolled @entity0 (minimum 1; maximum 9). Additionally, in each @entity0 , the system automatically detected intra-operative seed migration induced due to @entity1 (mean 3.84 mm, STD 2.13 mm, Max 16.19 mm). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed system is the first of a kind that makes intra-operative detection of @entity1 (and subsequent re-optimization) possible on any typical non-isocentric C-arm, at negligible additional cost to the existing clinical installation. It achieves a significantly more homogeneous seed distribution, and has the potential to affect a paradigm shift in clinical practice. Large scale studies and commercialization are currently underway.

title: Intra-operative 3D guidance and XXXX detection in prostate brachytherapy using a non-isocentric C-arm.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess T2 HASTE MR in acute abdominal imaging and ascertain if it is a reliable alternative to CT in @entity0 under 60. METHOD AND MATERIALS: In a prospective diagnostic performance study from January 2009 to December 2013, @entity0 under 60 presenting with acute @entity4 , that required imaging following surgical review, were imaged with T2 HASTE MR. Rapid acquisition HASTE (Half Fourier Acquisition Single Shot Turbo Spin Echo) coronal and axial sequences were obtained, without intravenous contrast. @entity0 were followed up clinically for a minimum of 3 months. RESULTS: 468 cases included in the study. 349 were negative for acute abdominal pathology, 116 positive for acute abdominal pathology and 3 were indeterminate. In the MR positive group (n=116), 64 had surgery confirming findings (34 @entity6 , 14 SBO, 3 ovarian torsion, 3 LBO, intussusception, @entity3 , @entity11 , @entity8 , crohns, 4 endoscopy for acute bowel pathology) while 51 were managed conservatively with concordant follow up (4 SBO, 11 @entity15 , 6 pelvic inflammatory disease, 7 @entity2 , 7 @entity10 , 6 @entity13 , 2 @entity12 , @entity1 , @entity17 , @entity16 , @entity14 , 2 @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity18 ). 1 @entity0 had an MR diagnosis of @entity6 but at laparoscopy a sigmoid diverticular perforation was diagnosed and the appendix was normal. In the MR negative group (n=349), 324 had uneventful follow-up, 22 had negative laparoscopies, while 3 had subsequent appendectomies, with @entity6 on histology (3 days, 10 days and 2 months post scan). In the MR indeterminate group (n=3), one was treated conservatively with uneventful follow up, one had laparoscopic appendectomy with normal appendix on histology, one had laparoscopic appendectomy with @entity5 on histology. When MR correlated with clinical follow up (n=468), overall diagnostic accuracy is 99% (463/468). When MR findings correlated with direct visualisation at surgery/endoscopy (n=90), sensitivity is 98% (95% CI) and specificity is 92% (95% CI). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that rapid acquisition axial and coronal T2 HASTE MR is a practical, safe and effective method in the diagnosis of acute @entity4 . MR is the preferred option to CT in @entity0 of an age prone to radiation with a potential surgical diagnosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE/APPLICATION: MRI in acute abdominal imaging is both effective and practical and is the preferred imaging option in @entity0 of an age prone to radiation with a potential surgical diagnosis.

title: Rapid acquisition axial and coronal T2 HASTE MR in the evaluation of acute XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cognitive tests of learning and memory (L_M) have been required by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Developmental @entity3 Test (DNT) guidelines for more than two decades. To evaluate the utility of these guidelines, the EPA reviewed 69 pesticide DNT studies. This review found that the DNT provided or could provide the point-of-departure for risk assessment by showing the Lowest Observable Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) in 28 of these studies in relation to other reported end points. Among the behavioral tests, locomotor activity and auditory/acoustic startle provided the most LOAELs, and tests of cognitive function and the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) the fewest. Two issues arose from the review: (1) what is the relative utility of cognitive tests versus tests of unconditioned behavior, and (2) how might cognitive tests be improved? The EPA sponsored a symposium to address this. Bushnell reviewed studies in which both screening (locomotor activity, @entity2 , reflex ontogeny, etc.) and complex tests (those requiring training) were used within the same study; he found relatively little evidence that complex tests provided a LOAEL lower than screening tests (with exceptions). Levin reviewed reasons for including cognitive tests in regulatory studies and methods and evidence for the radial-arm maze and its place in developmental @entity3 assessments. Driscoll and Strupp reviewed the value of serial reaction time operant methods for assessing executive function in developmental @entity3 studies. Vorhees and Williams reviewed the value of allocentric (spatial) and egocentric cognitive tests and presented methods for using the Morris water maze for spatial and the Cincinnati water maze for egocentric cognitive assessment. They also reviewed the possible use of water radial mazes. The relatively lower impact of cognitive tests in previous DNT studies in the face of the frequency of @entity0 complaints of chemical-induced @entity1 indicates that animal cognitive tests need improvement. The contributors to this symposium suggest that if the guidelines are updated, they be made more specific by recommending preferred tests and providing greater detail on key characteristics of such tests. Additionally, it is recommended that guidance be developed to address important issues with cognitive tests and to provide the information needed to improve the design, conduct, and interpretation of tests of higher function within a regulatory context. These steps will maximize the value of cognitive tests for use in hazard evaluation and risk assessment.

title: Assessment of Learning, Memory, and Attention in Developmental XXXX Regulatory Studies: Synthesis, Commentary, and Recommendations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is a rare but aggressive @entity0 with an overall poor prognosis. Traditionally, reconstruction has not been offered, because of poor long-term survival, the need for multimodality treatment, and complex treatment sequencing. The authors examined the safety and feasibility of free flap breast reconstruction for @entity0 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all @entity1 who underwent reconstruction for @entity0 from January of 2000 to December of 2012 was conducted. RESULTS: Of 830 @entity0 @entity1 , 59 (7.1 percent; median age, 48 years; range, 27 to 65 years) underwent free flap reconstruction. All @entity1 received chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Most @entity1 (n = 52) underwent delayed reconstruction. Five @entity1 with a history of prior partial mastectomy and irradiation developed @entity0 and underwent immediate reconstruction following completion mastectomy. Two others underwent immediate chest wall and breast reconstruction following resection. Thirteen @entity1 underwent bilateral reconstruction, and seven required a bipedicled abdominal flap for the unilateral mastectomy defect. Thirty-seven @entity1 (62.7 percent) required revision of the reconstructed breast, and 29 (49.2 percent) had a contralateral balancing procedure to optimize symmetry. Complications occurred in 21 @entity1 (35.6 percent), with one total @entity2 (1.7 percent). The median length of follow-up was 43.9 months; 49 @entity1 (83.1 percent) were alive without evidence of recurrent disease. CONCLUSIONS: Autologous free flap breast reconstruction can be performed safely in @entity0 @entity1 , with acceptable complication rates and without an increased risk for @entity2 . @entity0 should not preclude free flap breast reconstruction. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

title: Challenging a traditional paradigm: 12-year experience with autologous free flap breast reconstruction for XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is the most performed solid organ transplantation in Thailand. Over 4000 @entity0 have received kidney transplantation from 23 centers within the kingdom. This study sought to demonstrate the causes of @entity8 and @entity4 in Thai @entity0 receiving kidney transplant during the past decade. @entity0 AND METHODS: The Thai Transplant Registry database was used to evaluate the causes of @entity8 and @entity4 . This database was established since 1997, a total of 2298 kidney transplants were available for analysis. @entity8 was defined as return to dialysis, graft removal, retransplantation, or @entity4 of the recipients. @entity0 survival was analyzed by all deaths. RESULTS: Among 2298 recipients, 59% received organs from deceased donors. The mean age at transplantation was 42 years (SD 12) and 61% were male. The most common identified causes of the @entity10 were chronic @entity12 (25.3%) and hypertensive @entity2 (11.3%); half of those were unknown. Actuarial graft survival rates at 1 and 5 years were 89% and 73%, respectively. The common causes of @entity8 were @entity13 (53%), acute rejection (15%), @entity4 with a functioning graft (15%), and transplant renal @entity11 (7%). The greatest proportion (64%) of deaths was @entity5 owing to @entity6 and/or @entity7 . The others were from @entity3 (12%), @entity9 (6%), and @entity1 (4%). CONCLUSION: Graft survival rates were comparable with previous reports. However, the proportion of @entity4 with functioning graft and @entity3 as a cause of graft and @entity0 loss is lower than that of Caucasian populations.

title: Different etiologies of XXXX and @entity4 in Asian kidney transplant recipients: a report from Thai Transplant Registry.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is the most performed solid organ transplantation in Thailand. Over 4000 @entity0 have received kidney transplantation from 23 centers within the kingdom. This study sought to demonstrate the causes of @entity8 and @entity4 in Thai @entity0 receiving kidney transplant during the past decade. @entity0 AND METHODS: The Thai Transplant Registry database was used to evaluate the causes of @entity8 and @entity4 . This database was established since 1997, a total of 2298 kidney transplants were available for analysis. @entity8 was defined as return to dialysis, graft removal, retransplantation, or @entity4 of the recipients. @entity0 survival was analyzed by all deaths. RESULTS: Among 2298 recipients, 59% received organs from deceased donors. The mean age at transplantation was 42 years (SD 12) and 61% were male. The most common identified causes of the @entity10 were chronic @entity12 (25.3%) and hypertensive @entity2 (11.3%); half of those were unknown. Actuarial graft survival rates at 1 and 5 years were 89% and 73%, respectively. The common causes of @entity8 were @entity13 (53%), acute rejection (15%), @entity4 with a functioning graft (15%), and transplant renal @entity11 (7%). The greatest proportion (64%) of deaths was @entity5 owing to @entity6 and/or @entity7 . The others were from @entity3 (12%), @entity9 (6%), and @entity1 (4%). CONCLUSION: Graft survival rates were comparable with previous reports. However, the proportion of @entity4 with functioning graft and @entity3 as a cause of graft and @entity0 loss is lower than that of Caucasian populations.

title: Different etiologies of @entity8 and XXXX in Asian kidney transplant recipients: a report from Thai Transplant Registry.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We investigated the efficacy and safety of an immunosuppressive regimen consisting of @entity10 or @entity4 , with basiliximab, @entity8 or @entity11 , and low-dose @entity6 ( @entity5 <2.5 mg/d) for kidney transplant recipients. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of 51 recipients with stable graft function who underwent kidney transplantation between August 2005 and December 2009. The oral dose of @entity5 was gradually tapered to <2.5 mg/d within 2 months after transplantation. We assessed, @entity0 and graft survivals, incidence of rejection episodes, transplant function and @entity2 side effects. RESULTS: Death-censored graft survival was 100%, and the mean serum @entity9 levels remained stable at 1.31, 1.37, and 1.48 mg/dL at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively, after transplantation. There were seven biopsy-proven rejection episodes (mean = 110 days; range = 14-436) after @entity5 was decreased. The cumulative incidence of biopsy-proven rejection was 11.2%, 17.0%, and 17.0%, respectively. In addition, the mean blood pressure was stable (127/78 mm Hg, 125/77 mm Hg, and 125/76 mmHg, respectively), whereas the mean serum @entity3 and @entity7 levels remained within normal limits. Only 3 @entity0 (7%) displayed new onset @entity1 after transplantation. CONCLUSION: Low-dose @entity2 maintenance therapy is safe with beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors.

title: Low-dose XXXX maintenance for renal transplant recipients.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: A previous study proposed that serial full-thickness excisional biopsies of vocal fold @entity7 therapeutically decreased @entity5 grade. The current investigation aimed to 1) analyze the pathological evolution and natural history of these lesions and 2) re-examine the role of serial excisions in @entity5 grade regression in long-term follow-up. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: @entity0 treated for @entity6 (1994-2013) with serial full-thickness microflap-type excisions were identified and followed longitudinally. Excluded were those with one excision, @entity1 at initial excision, or history of @entity2 or radiation. Data from surgical procedures, associated pathology, and @entity0 characteristics were recorded. Weighted repeated measures ordinal logistic regression measured associations with pathology findings. RESULTS: Of 55 @entity0 (median age   =   65 years, interquartile range   =   54-73 years, 89% male, 63% ever smokers, 27% @entity4 users), 31 met inclusion criteria. During the study period, @entity0 had two to 44 excisions, with a median time between excisions of 4.0 months. Each additional excision increased odds of higher-grade pathology by 4% (odds ratio   =   1.04, 95% confidence interval   =   1.01-1.06; P   =   .007). A transition model demonstrated that @entity0 with moderate @entity5 , severe @entity5 , or @entity3 in situ on a prior biopsy had 2.64-, 5.64-, and 8.73-times increased odds of the same or higher pathology grade at the next excision, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Data do not support the hypothesis that serial full-thickness excisions decrease @entity5 grade. Progression of @entity5 appears to be nonlinear, but higher-grade @entity5 is more likely to progress to @entity2 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Serial full-thickness excision of XXXX : Diagnostic or therapeutic?

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Short sleep duration has been found recently to be a predictor of @entity3 . However, population-based investigations addressing the association between self-reported sleep duration and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) among @entity1 @entity0 are lacking. We therefore sought to investigate the extent to which self-reported sleep duration might be associated with reduced GFR in a large @entity1 population in rural northeast China. A total of 5555 @entity1 @entity0 , aged >= 35  years, in rural areas of Liaoning Province, China, were screened between January 2012 and August 2013, using a stratified, cluster multi-stage sampling scheme. Anthropometric measurements, self-reported sleep duration, blood biochemical indexes and other health-related variables were collected by medically trained personnel. Reduced GFR was defined as the estimated GFR (eGFR)  <  60  mL  min(-1)   1.73  m(2) . On average, @entity0 slept for 6.9      1.6  h per night. Mean self-reported sleep duration decreased with eGFR (P  <  0.001). For both genders, a lower prevalence of reduced GFR was observed among @entity0 who slept  <=6  h per night in total. In the multivariable regression model, after adjustments for age, gender, ethnicity, lifestyle factors, clinical correlates, @entity2 and general quality of life, @entity0 who slept for 6  h or less per night were associated with a higher risk of reduced GFR [odds ratio (OR: 1.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-2.73] compared with the reference group (self-reported sleep duration >7 and  <=8  h  day(-1) ). We concluded that short self-reported sleep duration ( <=6  h per night) was related significantly to an increased risk of reduced GFR in a @entity1 population. This novel risk factor should be taken into consideration during daily management of @entity1 to prevent @entity4 .

title: Self-reported sleep duration is associated with reduced glomerular filtration rate among adults with XXXX : a population-based study from rural northeast China.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Resistant @entity2 is often difficult to treat and may be associated with underlying @entity5 ( @entity5 ). We describe the case of an elderly gentleman who presented with severe and resistant @entity2 and was found to have a left @entity3 during evaluation but had @entity6 excess secondary to @entity4 ( @entity4 ) of the contralateral gland, which needed surgical intervention. A 65-year-old gentleman was evaluated for uncontrolled high blood pressure (BP) in spite of taking four antihypertensive medications. The high BP was confirmed on a 24-h ambulatory reading, and further biochemical evaluation showed an elevated serum @entity6 renin ratio (ARR) (1577pmol/l per ng per ml per h). Radiological evaluation showed an adrenal nodule (15mm) in the left adrenal gland but an adrenal vein sampling demonstrated a lateralization towards the opposite site favouring the right adrenal to be the source of excess @entity6 . A laparoscopic right adrenalectomy was performed and the histology of the gland confirmed @entity7 . Following surgery, the @entity0 's BP improved remarkably although he remained on antihypertensives and under regular endocrine follow-up. @entity5 remains the most common form of secondary and difficult-to-treat @entity2 . Investigations may reveal @entity1 , which may not be the actual source of excess @entity6 , but @entity4 may be a contributor and may coexist and amenable to surgical treatment. An adrenal vein sampling should be undertaken for correct lateralization of the source, otherwise a correctable diagnosis may be missed and the incorrect adrenal gland may be removed. LEARNING POINTS: Severe and resistant @entity2 can often be associated with underlying @entity5 .ARR is an excellent screening tool in @entity0 with suspected @entity5 .Lateralization with adrenal venous sampling is essential to isolate the source and differentiate between unilateral and bilateral causes of @entity5 . @entity3 and @entity4 may coexist and the latter may often be the sole cause of excess @entity6 secretion.Decisions about adrenalectomy should be made only after integrating and interpreting radiological and biochemical test findings properly.

title: Resistant XXXX with adrenal nodule: are we removing the right gland?

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intralesional injection with @entity1 remains the mainstay of therapy for @entity6 and @entity8 , however some lesions are unresponsive or may result in @entity2 . Intralesional @entity3 injection is an alternative therapy that has been widely reported. In order to compare the effectiveness and safety of @entity3 for the treatment of @entity8 and @entity6 in skin of color population, Fitzpatrick skin type III to V @entity0 with @entity8 or @entity6 were randomized into two groups. Group A was treated monthly with intralesional @entity7 (10  mg/mL), while group B with intralesional @entity3 (1  mg/mL) for three consecutive months. Evaluation of the treatment was performed using " @entity0 and Observer Scar Assessment Scale" (POSAS), self-rated @entity0 satisfaction score, photography, and ultrasonography. Two @entity0 had their @entity3 blood levels monitored. Twenty-six @entity0 with @entity8 or @entity6 were recruited. The clinical improvement as assessed by the POSAS was not statistically significant. In terms of @entity0 satisfaction score, one half of both groups reported a very good improvement. Photographic as well as ultrasonographic evaluation showed no difference between the two groups. @entity3 was found to enter the blood circulation in a very small amount. The major side effect was @entity4 . There was no @entity2 detected in this study. Intralesional @entity3 is a safe and effective treatment for @entity8 and @entity6 . The treatment is comparable to intralesional @entity5 . Unfortunately, @entity4 was the major side effect in darker skin type.

title: The Treatment of XXXX and @entity6 with intralesional @entity3 in skin of color.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intralesional injection with @entity1 remains the mainstay of therapy for @entity6 and @entity8 , however some lesions are unresponsive or may result in @entity2 . Intralesional @entity3 injection is an alternative therapy that has been widely reported. In order to compare the effectiveness and safety of @entity3 for the treatment of @entity8 and @entity6 in skin of color population, Fitzpatrick skin type III to V @entity0 with @entity8 or @entity6 were randomized into two groups. Group A was treated monthly with intralesional @entity7 (10  mg/mL), while group B with intralesional @entity3 (1  mg/mL) for three consecutive months. Evaluation of the treatment was performed using " @entity0 and Observer Scar Assessment Scale" (POSAS), self-rated @entity0 satisfaction score, photography, and ultrasonography. Two @entity0 had their @entity3 blood levels monitored. Twenty-six @entity0 with @entity8 or @entity6 were recruited. The clinical improvement as assessed by the POSAS was not statistically significant. In terms of @entity0 satisfaction score, one half of both groups reported a very good improvement. Photographic as well as ultrasonographic evaluation showed no difference between the two groups. @entity3 was found to enter the blood circulation in a very small amount. The major side effect was @entity4 . There was no @entity2 detected in this study. Intralesional @entity3 is a safe and effective treatment for @entity8 and @entity6 . The treatment is comparable to intralesional @entity5 . Unfortunately, @entity4 was the major side effect in darker skin type.

title: The Treatment of @entity8 and XXXX with intralesional @entity3 in skin of color.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Intralesional injection with @entity1 remains the mainstay of therapy for @entity6 and @entity8 , however some lesions are unresponsive or may result in @entity2 . Intralesional @entity3 injection is an alternative therapy that has been widely reported. In order to compare the effectiveness and safety of @entity3 for the treatment of @entity8 and @entity6 in skin of color population, Fitzpatrick skin type III to V @entity0 with @entity8 or @entity6 were randomized into two groups. Group A was treated monthly with intralesional @entity7 (10  mg/mL), while group B with intralesional @entity3 (1  mg/mL) for three consecutive months. Evaluation of the treatment was performed using " @entity0 and Observer Scar Assessment Scale" (POSAS), self-rated @entity0 satisfaction score, photography, and ultrasonography. Two @entity0 had their @entity3 blood levels monitored. Twenty-six @entity0 with @entity8 or @entity6 were recruited. The clinical improvement as assessed by the POSAS was not statistically significant. In terms of @entity0 satisfaction score, one half of both groups reported a very good improvement. Photographic as well as ultrasonographic evaluation showed no difference between the two groups. @entity3 was found to enter the blood circulation in a very small amount. The major side effect was @entity4 . There was no @entity2 detected in this study. Intralesional @entity3 is a safe and effective treatment for @entity8 and @entity6 . The treatment is comparable to intralesional @entity5 . Unfortunately, @entity4 was the major side effect in darker skin type.

title: The Treatment of @entity8 and @entity6 with intralesional XXXX in skin of color.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanism of @entity4 ( @entity6 )-induced nephrotoxicity has been suggested to be vasoconstriction due to reduced @entity5 (NO), providing tissue @entity3 by elevation of transforming growth factor beta and @entity10 ( @entity10 ). In this study using a @entity1 model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, we administered a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor to ameliorate the @entity0 and alter the expression of endothelial No synthase (eNOS) and @entity10 . METHODS: A right nephrectomy was performed in @entity1 (n = 30; 200-250 g, all male). The @entity2 group (n = 6) underwent ligation of the @entity0 for 45 minutes (IR) before observation for 28 days. After IR, the @entity11 group (n = 6) was treated with 10 mg/kg drug orally, the CsA group (n = 6) received 15 mg/kg CsA injected subcutaneously and the CsA plus @entity11 group (n = 6) received 15 mg/kg CsA injected subcutaneously together with the oral administration of 10 mg/kg @entity11 . RESULTS: Administration of @entity11 significantly decreased serum @entity7 either alone (0.21    0.04 mg/dL) or in combination with CsA (1.86    0.35 mg/dL) versus the @entity2 (0.85    0.22 mg/dL) and the CsA alone (3. 10    0.77 mg/dL) group. (P = .002; P = .002). Comparing the @entity8 - @entity9 staining of the @entity2 (0.41    0.09) and CsA (0.44    0.08) groups showed a significantly decreased loss of nuclei in proximal tubules after the administration of @entity11 (0.27    0.05 [P = .004] and 0.26    0.02 [P = .002] respectively). Immunohistochemical staining showed strong eNOS staining in the @entity11 and CsA plus @entity11 groups. Western blots for eNOS showed decreased expression in the CsA group and increased expression in the @entity11 group. Western blots for @entity10 revealed reduced expression only in the CsA plus @entity11 group. eNOS mRNA was decreased in the CsA (0.017    0.010) compared with the @entity2 group (0.048    0.015; P = .000). @entity10 mRNA which was decreased in the CsA group (2.026    1.109), showed greater tendency after administration of @entity11 (0.440    0.449) (P = .003). CONCLUSION: The phosphodiesterase inhibitor ameliorated @entity0 in a @entity1 model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, possibly related to increased eNOS and reduced @entity10 expression.

title: Effects of a cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor on expression of endothelial @entity5 synthase and @entity10 in @entity1 with XXXX -induced nephrotoxicity.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanism of @entity4 ( @entity6 )-induced nephrotoxicity has been suggested to be vasoconstriction due to reduced @entity5 (NO), providing tissue @entity3 by elevation of transforming growth factor beta and @entity10 ( @entity10 ). In this study using a @entity1 model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, we administered a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor to ameliorate the @entity0 and alter the expression of endothelial No synthase (eNOS) and @entity10 . METHODS: A right nephrectomy was performed in @entity1 (n = 30; 200-250 g, all male). The @entity2 group (n = 6) underwent ligation of the @entity0 for 45 minutes (IR) before observation for 28 days. After IR, the @entity11 group (n = 6) was treated with 10 mg/kg drug orally, the CsA group (n = 6) received 15 mg/kg CsA injected subcutaneously and the CsA plus @entity11 group (n = 6) received 15 mg/kg CsA injected subcutaneously together with the oral administration of 10 mg/kg @entity11 . RESULTS: Administration of @entity11 significantly decreased serum @entity7 either alone (0.21    0.04 mg/dL) or in combination with CsA (1.86    0.35 mg/dL) versus the @entity2 (0.85    0.22 mg/dL) and the CsA alone (3. 10    0.77 mg/dL) group. (P = .002; P = .002). Comparing the @entity8 - @entity9 staining of the @entity2 (0.41    0.09) and CsA (0.44    0.08) groups showed a significantly decreased loss of nuclei in proximal tubules after the administration of @entity11 (0.27    0.05 [P = .004] and 0.26    0.02 [P = .002] respectively). Immunohistochemical staining showed strong eNOS staining in the @entity11 and CsA plus @entity11 groups. Western blots for eNOS showed decreased expression in the CsA group and increased expression in the @entity11 group. Western blots for @entity10 revealed reduced expression only in the CsA plus @entity11 group. eNOS mRNA was decreased in the CsA (0.017    0.010) compared with the @entity2 group (0.048    0.015; P = .000). @entity10 mRNA which was decreased in the CsA group (2.026    1.109), showed greater tendency after administration of @entity11 (0.440    0.449) (P = .003). CONCLUSION: The phosphodiesterase inhibitor ameliorated @entity0 in a @entity1 model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, possibly related to increased eNOS and reduced @entity10 expression.

title: Effects of a cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor on expression of endothelial XXXX synthase and @entity10 in @entity1 with @entity4 -induced nephrotoxicity.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanism of @entity4 ( @entity6 )-induced nephrotoxicity has been suggested to be vasoconstriction due to reduced @entity5 (NO), providing tissue @entity3 by elevation of transforming growth factor beta and @entity10 ( @entity10 ). In this study using a @entity1 model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, we administered a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor to ameliorate the @entity0 and alter the expression of endothelial No synthase (eNOS) and @entity10 . METHODS: A right nephrectomy was performed in @entity1 (n = 30; 200-250 g, all male). The @entity2 group (n = 6) underwent ligation of the @entity0 for 45 minutes (IR) before observation for 28 days. After IR, the @entity11 group (n = 6) was treated with 10 mg/kg drug orally, the CsA group (n = 6) received 15 mg/kg CsA injected subcutaneously and the CsA plus @entity11 group (n = 6) received 15 mg/kg CsA injected subcutaneously together with the oral administration of 10 mg/kg @entity11 . RESULTS: Administration of @entity11 significantly decreased serum @entity7 either alone (0.21    0.04 mg/dL) or in combination with CsA (1.86    0.35 mg/dL) versus the @entity2 (0.85    0.22 mg/dL) and the CsA alone (3. 10    0.77 mg/dL) group. (P = .002; P = .002). Comparing the @entity8 - @entity9 staining of the @entity2 (0.41    0.09) and CsA (0.44    0.08) groups showed a significantly decreased loss of nuclei in proximal tubules after the administration of @entity11 (0.27    0.05 [P = .004] and 0.26    0.02 [P = .002] respectively). Immunohistochemical staining showed strong eNOS staining in the @entity11 and CsA plus @entity11 groups. Western blots for eNOS showed decreased expression in the CsA group and increased expression in the @entity11 group. Western blots for @entity10 revealed reduced expression only in the CsA plus @entity11 group. eNOS mRNA was decreased in the CsA (0.017    0.010) compared with the @entity2 group (0.048    0.015; P = .000). @entity10 mRNA which was decreased in the CsA group (2.026    1.109), showed greater tendency after administration of @entity11 (0.440    0.449) (P = .003). CONCLUSION: The phosphodiesterase inhibitor ameliorated @entity0 in a @entity1 model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, possibly related to increased eNOS and reduced @entity10 expression.

title: Effects of a cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor on expression of endothelial @entity5 synthase and XXXX in @entity1 with @entity4 -induced nephrotoxicity.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanism of @entity4 ( @entity6 )-induced nephrotoxicity has been suggested to be vasoconstriction due to reduced @entity5 (NO), providing tissue @entity3 by elevation of transforming growth factor beta and @entity10 ( @entity10 ). In this study using a @entity1 model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, we administered a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor to ameliorate the @entity0 and alter the expression of endothelial No synthase (eNOS) and @entity10 . METHODS: A right nephrectomy was performed in @entity1 (n = 30; 200-250 g, all male). The @entity2 group (n = 6) underwent ligation of the @entity0 for 45 minutes (IR) before observation for 28 days. After IR, the @entity11 group (n = 6) was treated with 10 mg/kg drug orally, the CsA group (n = 6) received 15 mg/kg CsA injected subcutaneously and the CsA plus @entity11 group (n = 6) received 15 mg/kg CsA injected subcutaneously together with the oral administration of 10 mg/kg @entity11 . RESULTS: Administration of @entity11 significantly decreased serum @entity7 either alone (0.21    0.04 mg/dL) or in combination with CsA (1.86    0.35 mg/dL) versus the @entity2 (0.85    0.22 mg/dL) and the CsA alone (3. 10    0.77 mg/dL) group. (P = .002; P = .002). Comparing the @entity8 - @entity9 staining of the @entity2 (0.41    0.09) and CsA (0.44    0.08) groups showed a significantly decreased loss of nuclei in proximal tubules after the administration of @entity11 (0.27    0.05 [P = .004] and 0.26    0.02 [P = .002] respectively). Immunohistochemical staining showed strong eNOS staining in the @entity11 and CsA plus @entity11 groups. Western blots for eNOS showed decreased expression in the CsA group and increased expression in the @entity11 group. Western blots for @entity10 revealed reduced expression only in the CsA plus @entity11 group. eNOS mRNA was decreased in the CsA (0.017    0.010) compared with the @entity2 group (0.048    0.015; P = .000). @entity10 mRNA which was decreased in the CsA group (2.026    1.109), showed greater tendency after administration of @entity11 (0.440    0.449) (P = .003). CONCLUSION: The phosphodiesterase inhibitor ameliorated @entity0 in a @entity1 model of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, possibly related to increased eNOS and reduced @entity10 expression.

title: Effects of a cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitor on expression of endothelial @entity5 synthase and @entity10 in XXXX with @entity4 -induced nephrotoxicity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective To assess the association of the @entity5 ( @entity4 ) polymorphism of the gene @entity3 in the @entity1 with the need for additional treatment and the occurrence of large newborns for the gestational age. Subjects and methods One hundred and five @entity0 recruited in Joinville - Brazil were evaluated between November 2010 and October 2012. Pregnant @entity0 were divided in two groups correspondents to the presence (n = 37) or absence (n = 68) of the mutant allele. The variants of the polymorphism @entity5 were identified by restriction fragment lengths polymorphisms (RFLP). Anthropometric and biochemical parameters of the mother and the newborn, and the necessity of additional therapy associated with diet were assessed as the primary outcomes. Results Thirty-five point two percent of the evaluated @entity0 carried at least one mutated allele of @entity5 polymorphism. There were no significant differences in @entity2 , parity, age, body mass index and gestational age of arrival at maternity between the two groups. The groups of @entity0 with or without the mutated allele did not differ in the need for additional treatment associated with diet (16.2% vs. 26.7%) respectively and with the occurrence of large newborns for gestational age (24.3% vs. 13.2%). Conclusion Our data showed that the polymorphism @entity5 of the gene @entity3 had no effect in the need for additional treatment associated with the diet-based therapy and in the occurrence of large newborns for gestational age in the studied population. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(9):900-5.

title: [Study of polymorphism @entity5 of XXXX gene in @entity1 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Objective To assess the association of the @entity5 ( @entity4 ) polymorphism of the gene @entity3 in the @entity1 with the need for additional treatment and the occurrence of large newborns for the gestational age. Subjects and methods One hundred and five @entity0 recruited in Joinville - Brazil were evaluated between November 2010 and October 2012. Pregnant @entity0 were divided in two groups correspondents to the presence (n = 37) or absence (n = 68) of the mutant allele. The variants of the polymorphism @entity5 were identified by restriction fragment lengths polymorphisms (RFLP). Anthropometric and biochemical parameters of the mother and the newborn, and the necessity of additional therapy associated with diet were assessed as the primary outcomes. Results Thirty-five point two percent of the evaluated @entity0 carried at least one mutated allele of @entity5 polymorphism. There were no significant differences in @entity2 , parity, age, body mass index and gestational age of arrival at maternity between the two groups. The groups of @entity0 with or without the mutated allele did not differ in the need for additional treatment associated with diet (16.2% vs. 26.7%) respectively and with the occurrence of large newborns for gestational age (24.3% vs. 13.2%). Conclusion Our data showed that the polymorphism @entity5 of the gene @entity3 had no effect in the need for additional treatment associated with the diet-based therapy and in the occurrence of large newborns for gestational age in the studied population. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(9):900-5.

title: [Study of polymorphism @entity5 of @entity3 gene in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective To assess the association of the @entity5 ( @entity4 ) polymorphism of the gene @entity3 in the @entity1 with the need for additional treatment and the occurrence of large newborns for the gestational age. Subjects and methods One hundred and five @entity0 recruited in Joinville - Brazil were evaluated between November 2010 and October 2012. Pregnant @entity0 were divided in two groups correspondents to the presence (n = 37) or absence (n = 68) of the mutant allele. The variants of the polymorphism @entity5 were identified by restriction fragment lengths polymorphisms (RFLP). Anthropometric and biochemical parameters of the mother and the newborn, and the necessity of additional therapy associated with diet were assessed as the primary outcomes. Results Thirty-five point two percent of the evaluated @entity0 carried at least one mutated allele of @entity5 polymorphism. There were no significant differences in @entity2 , parity, age, body mass index and gestational age of arrival at maternity between the two groups. The groups of @entity0 with or without the mutated allele did not differ in the need for additional treatment associated with diet (16.2% vs. 26.7%) respectively and with the occurrence of large newborns for gestational age (24.3% vs. 13.2%). Conclusion Our data showed that the polymorphism @entity5 of the gene @entity3 had no effect in the need for additional treatment associated with the diet-based therapy and in the occurrence of large newborns for gestational age in the studied population. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(9):900-5.

title: [Study of polymorphism XXXX of @entity3 gene in @entity1 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: To determine whether short-term intensive group-based therapy combining modified constraint-induced movement therapy and bimanual therapy (hybrid- @entity3 ) is more effective than an equal total dose of distributed individualized occupational therapy (standard care) on upper limb motor and individualized outcomes. METHOD: Fifty-three @entity0 with @entity1 (69% males; mean age 7y 10mo, SD 2y 4mo; Manual Ability Classification System level I, n=24; level II, n=23) were randomly allocated, and 44 received either hybrid- @entity3 (n=25) or standard care (n=19). Standard care comprised six weekly occupational therapy sessions and a 12-week home programme. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 13  weeks, and 26  weeks after treatment. RESULTS: Groups were equivalent at baseline. Standard care achieved greater gains on satisfaction with occupational performance after intervention (estimated mean difference -1.2, 95% CI -2.2 to -0.1; p=0.04) and Assisting Hand Assessment at 26  weeks (estimated mean difference 3.1, 95% CI 0.2-6.0; p=0.04). Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in dexterity of the @entity2 , and bimanual and occupational performance over time. The differences between groups were not clinically meaningful. INTERPRETATION: There were no differences between the two models of therapy delivery. Group-based intensive camps may not be readily available; however, individualized standard care augmented with a home programme may offer an effective alternative but needs to be provided at a sufficient dose.

title: Randomized comparison trial of density and context of upper limb intensive group versus individualized occupational therapy for @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To determine whether short-term intensive group-based therapy combining modified constraint-induced movement therapy and bimanual therapy (hybrid- @entity3 ) is more effective than an equal total dose of distributed individualized occupational therapy (standard care) on upper limb motor and individualized outcomes. METHOD: Fifty-three @entity0 with @entity1 (69% males; mean age 7y 10mo, SD 2y 4mo; Manual Ability Classification System level I, n=24; level II, n=23) were randomly allocated, and 44 received either hybrid- @entity3 (n=25) or standard care (n=19). Standard care comprised six weekly occupational therapy sessions and a 12-week home programme. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 13  weeks, and 26  weeks after treatment. RESULTS: Groups were equivalent at baseline. Standard care achieved greater gains on satisfaction with occupational performance after intervention (estimated mean difference -1.2, 95% CI -2.2 to -0.1; p=0.04) and Assisting Hand Assessment at 26  weeks (estimated mean difference 3.1, 95% CI 0.2-6.0; p=0.04). Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in dexterity of the @entity2 , and bimanual and occupational performance over time. The differences between groups were not clinically meaningful. INTERPRETATION: There were no differences between the two models of therapy delivery. Group-based intensive camps may not be readily available; however, individualized standard care augmented with a home programme may offer an effective alternative but needs to be provided at a sufficient dose.

title: Randomized comparison trial of density and context of upper limb intensive group versus individualized occupational therapy for XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND:: Both @entity2 infusions with @entity1 delivered through nasal cannula and @entity6 / @entity4 ( @entity5 ) delivered via a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) are used to provide anesthesia for @entity0 undergoing magnetic resonance imaging scans. We compared the incidence of adverse events and perioperative physiologic responses in @entity0 anesthetized with these 2 regimens. METHODS:: One hundred-fifty healthy @entity0 , ages 1 to 10 years, were randomized to receive either a @entity2 infusion (starting at 300   g kg  min) with @entity1 via nasal cannula (n = 75) or @entity6 with 70% @entity4 in @entity1 delivered via an LMA (n = 75), both after a @entity3 / @entity4 / @entity1 induction. Adverse airway events, as well as hemodynamic, respiratory, and other physiologic responses were recorded during the magnetic resonance imaging scans and in the postanesthesia care unit by a single research nurse who was blind to the treatments. All parents were contacted postoperatively to complete a postanesthetic follow-up. RESULTS:: All 150 @entity0 completed their scans. The frequency of all adverse airway events during emergence and recovery after @entity2 (12%) was significantly less than that after @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA (49%) (95% confidence interval for the risk difference was 23%-50%) (P = 0.0001). Hemodynamic responses and recovery times for the 2 treatments were similar. Early recovery, defined as the time interval from admission to the postanesthesia care unit until eye opening and wakefulness (modified Aldrete score >5), after @entity2 was more rapid than that after @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0012, respectively). No scans had to be repeated. CONCLUSIONS:: The frequency of adverse airway events during emergence and recovery after @entity2 infusion with @entity1 by nasal cannula is less than with @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA in @entity0 .

title: @entity2 Anesthesia for @entity0 Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Comparison with XXXX , @entity5 , and a Laryngeal Mask Airway.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND:: Both @entity2 infusions with @entity1 delivered through nasal cannula and @entity6 / @entity4 ( @entity5 ) delivered via a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) are used to provide anesthesia for @entity0 undergoing magnetic resonance imaging scans. We compared the incidence of adverse events and perioperative physiologic responses in @entity0 anesthetized with these 2 regimens. METHODS:: One hundred-fifty healthy @entity0 , ages 1 to 10 years, were randomized to receive either a @entity2 infusion (starting at 300   g kg  min) with @entity1 via nasal cannula (n = 75) or @entity6 with 70% @entity4 in @entity1 delivered via an LMA (n = 75), both after a @entity3 / @entity4 / @entity1 induction. Adverse airway events, as well as hemodynamic, respiratory, and other physiologic responses were recorded during the magnetic resonance imaging scans and in the postanesthesia care unit by a single research nurse who was blind to the treatments. All parents were contacted postoperatively to complete a postanesthetic follow-up. RESULTS:: All 150 @entity0 completed their scans. The frequency of all adverse airway events during emergence and recovery after @entity2 (12%) was significantly less than that after @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA (49%) (95% confidence interval for the risk difference was 23%-50%) (P = 0.0001). Hemodynamic responses and recovery times for the 2 treatments were similar. Early recovery, defined as the time interval from admission to the postanesthesia care unit until eye opening and wakefulness (modified Aldrete score >5), after @entity2 was more rapid than that after @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0012, respectively). No scans had to be repeated. CONCLUSIONS:: The frequency of adverse airway events during emergence and recovery after @entity2 infusion with @entity1 by nasal cannula is less than with @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA in @entity0 .

title: @entity2 Anesthesia for @entity0 Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Comparison with @entity6 , XXXX , and a Laryngeal Mask Airway.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND:: Both @entity2 infusions with @entity1 delivered through nasal cannula and @entity6 / @entity4 ( @entity5 ) delivered via a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) are used to provide anesthesia for @entity0 undergoing magnetic resonance imaging scans. We compared the incidence of adverse events and perioperative physiologic responses in @entity0 anesthetized with these 2 regimens. METHODS:: One hundred-fifty healthy @entity0 , ages 1 to 10 years, were randomized to receive either a @entity2 infusion (starting at 300   g kg  min) with @entity1 via nasal cannula (n = 75) or @entity6 with 70% @entity4 in @entity1 delivered via an LMA (n = 75), both after a @entity3 / @entity4 / @entity1 induction. Adverse airway events, as well as hemodynamic, respiratory, and other physiologic responses were recorded during the magnetic resonance imaging scans and in the postanesthesia care unit by a single research nurse who was blind to the treatments. All parents were contacted postoperatively to complete a postanesthetic follow-up. RESULTS:: All 150 @entity0 completed their scans. The frequency of all adverse airway events during emergence and recovery after @entity2 (12%) was significantly less than that after @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA (49%) (95% confidence interval for the risk difference was 23%-50%) (P = 0.0001). Hemodynamic responses and recovery times for the 2 treatments were similar. Early recovery, defined as the time interval from admission to the postanesthesia care unit until eye opening and wakefulness (modified Aldrete score >5), after @entity2 was more rapid than that after @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0012, respectively). No scans had to be repeated. CONCLUSIONS:: The frequency of adverse airway events during emergence and recovery after @entity2 infusion with @entity1 by nasal cannula is less than with @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA in @entity0 .

title: XXXX Anesthesia for @entity0 Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Comparison with @entity6 , @entity5 , and a Laryngeal Mask Airway.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND:: Both @entity2 infusions with @entity1 delivered through nasal cannula and @entity6 / @entity4 ( @entity5 ) delivered via a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) are used to provide anesthesia for @entity0 undergoing magnetic resonance imaging scans. We compared the incidence of adverse events and perioperative physiologic responses in @entity0 anesthetized with these 2 regimens. METHODS:: One hundred-fifty healthy @entity0 , ages 1 to 10 years, were randomized to receive either a @entity2 infusion (starting at 300   g kg  min) with @entity1 via nasal cannula (n = 75) or @entity6 with 70% @entity4 in @entity1 delivered via an LMA (n = 75), both after a @entity3 / @entity4 / @entity1 induction. Adverse airway events, as well as hemodynamic, respiratory, and other physiologic responses were recorded during the magnetic resonance imaging scans and in the postanesthesia care unit by a single research nurse who was blind to the treatments. All parents were contacted postoperatively to complete a postanesthetic follow-up. RESULTS:: All 150 @entity0 completed their scans. The frequency of all adverse airway events during emergence and recovery after @entity2 (12%) was significantly less than that after @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA (49%) (95% confidence interval for the risk difference was 23%-50%) (P = 0.0001). Hemodynamic responses and recovery times for the 2 treatments were similar. Early recovery, defined as the time interval from admission to the postanesthesia care unit until eye opening and wakefulness (modified Aldrete score >5), after @entity2 was more rapid than that after @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0012, respectively). No scans had to be repeated. CONCLUSIONS:: The frequency of adverse airway events during emergence and recovery after @entity2 infusion with @entity1 by nasal cannula is less than with @entity6 / @entity4 /LMA in @entity0 .

title: @entity2 Anesthesia for XXXX Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Comparison with @entity6 , @entity5 , and a Laryngeal Mask Airway.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hepato-renal function is a valuable predictor of success after left ventricular assist device therapy and heart transplantation. Hence, we analyzed the importance of the Model for End-stage @entity3 excluding international normalized ratio (MELD-XI) score to outcomes after heart transplant. METHODS: Adults undergoing heart transplant from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database were identified (1994 to 2014). Individual MELD-XI scores were calculated; @entity0 were stratified by MELD-XI quartiles (Q1 to Q4). Multivariate logistic regression and the Cox proportional hazard model were implemented to determine any association between MELD-XI scores, survival and other outcomes. RESULTS: From 39,711 @entity0 undergoing OHT during the study period, MELD-XI score [median 10.7 (interquartile range 7.0 to 14.4)] was calculated for 36,005 @entity0 (76% male and 75% white, 34% Status 1A). Higher MELD-XI scores had higher rates of pre-transplant extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, intra-aortic balloon pump, inotrope use and mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001 for all). Adjusted long-term mortality (median follow-up 8.1 years) was associated with MELD-XI score (hazard ratio [HR] 1.021 [1.016 to 1.026], p < 0.001). The highest MELD-XI quartile was associated with an HR 1.364 [1.255 to 1.482] risk of mortality compared with Q1. MELD-XI score was also associated with @entity1 (adjusted HR Q4 vs Q1: 1.364 [1.153 to 1.614], p < 0.001), @entity2 (adjusted HR Q4 vs Q1: 1.410 [1.074 to 1.852], p = 0.013), dialysis (adjusted HR Q4 vs Q1: 3.982 [3.386 to 4.683], p < 0.001), rejection (adjusted HR Q4 vs Q1: 1.519 [1.286 to 1.795], p = 0.003) and prolonged hospitalization (adjusted HR Q4 vs Q1: 1.635 [1.429 to 1.871], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity1 , measured with MELD-XI score, predicts morbidity and mortality in @entity0 undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation. @entity1 should be sought and treated before heart transplantation.

title: Model for end-stage XXXX excluding international normalized ratio (MELD-XI) score predicts heart transplant outcomes: Evidence from the registry of the united network for organ sharing.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 is a @entity1 that commonly results in a 30% incidence of @entity3 in hens used to produce eggs for @entity0 consumption. One of the causes of @entity2 is the lack of mechanical strain placed on weight-bearing bones. In conventionally-caged hens, there is inadequate space for @entity4 to exercise and induce mechanical strain on their bones. One approach is to encourage mechanical stress on bones by the addition of perches to conventional cages. Our study focuses on the molecular mechanism of bone remodeling in end-of-lay hens (71 weeks) with access to perches. We examined bone-specific transcripts that are actively involved during development and remodeling. Using real-time quantitative PCR, we examined seven transcripts ( @entity6 ), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity9 ( @entity9 ), @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity11 ( @entity11 ), and @entity5 (Sry-related high mobility group box)) in phalange, tibia and femur. Our results indicate that the only significant effect was a difference among bones for @entity6 (femur > phalange). Therefore, we conclude that access to a perch did not alter transcript expression. Furthermore, because hens have been used as a model for @entity0 bone metabolism and @entity2 , the results indicate that bone remodeling due to mechanical loading in @entity4 may be a product of different pathways than those involved in the @entity0 model.

title: Bone-Remodeling Transcript Levels Are Independent of Perching in End-of-Lay White Leghorn XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Treatment of @entity2 is still controversial. We reviewed retrospectively 19 @entity0 with @entity2 (two bilateral, 21cases) who underwent surgery to the radius and ulna to improve range of motion, decrease @entity1 and improve appearance of the wrist. Nineteen @entity0 underwent 21distal radial osteotomy procedures using three different techniques: subtraction, addition or dome osteotomy. Ulnar shortening and redirection of the distal ulna was performed in 12cases; a long oblique osteotomy was used in 10 of these cases. The Sauv  -Kapandji technique was performed in five cases, an ulnar distal epiphysiodesis in two cases and a combination of osteotomy and epiphysiodesis in one case. The aim was to reduce the distal radial slope and to restore the orientation and congruity of the distal radio-ulnar joint and to improve its function. @entity1 was reduced as a result of the procedure: more than 75% of the cases had no or intermittent @entity1 at the review. Pronation improved from 63   to 68   (P=0.467, not significant) and supination improved from 48   to 72   on average (P=0.034, significant). Grip strength increased from 11 to 18kgf (P=0.013, significant). @entity2 is not always a benign condition and it responds well to corrective osteotomies.

title: Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Study Design Clinical measurement, cross-sectional. Objective To determine if spinal joint @entity2 is different in individuals with non-specific @entity4 , and whether @entity2 magnitude is associated with @entity1 intensity and disability. Background Manual therapists commonly evaluate spinal joint @entity2 in @entity0 presenting with non-specific @entity4 . However, a relationship between @entity2 and @entity4 has not yet been demonstrated. Methods Spinal @entity2 at C7 was objectively measured in @entity0 with chronic non-specific @entity4 whose symptomatic spinal level was identified as C7 (n= 12), and age and gender matched asymptomatic controls (n = 12). @entity2 (slope of the linear region of the force-displacement curve) was quantified using a device applying 5 standardized mechanical force cycles to the C7 spinous process while concurrently measuring displacement and resistance to movement. @entity2 was compared between groups using an independent t-test. Spearman's rho and Pearson's r were used to determine the extent @entity2 magnitude was associated with @entity1 intensity (visual analogue scale) and level of disability (Neck Disability Index) respectively, in the group with @entity4 . Results @entity0 with non-specific @entity4 had greater spinal joint @entity2 at C7 compared with asymptomatic individuals (mean difference 1.78 N/mm, 95% CI 0.28, 3.27, P = .022). However, @entity2 magnitude in the group with @entity4 was not associated (P>.05) with @entity1 intensity or level of disability. Conclusion These preliminary results suggest that cervical @entity3 may be greater in the presence of non-specific @entity4 . However, judgements regarding @entity1 intensity and level of disability should not be inferred from examinations of spinal joint @entity2 . J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 27 Jan 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5711.

title: Comparison of Cervical @entity3 in Individuals With XXXX and an Asymptomatic Comparison Group.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Study Design Clinical measurement, cross-sectional. Objective To determine if spinal joint @entity2 is different in individuals with non-specific @entity4 , and whether @entity2 magnitude is associated with @entity1 intensity and disability. Background Manual therapists commonly evaluate spinal joint @entity2 in @entity0 presenting with non-specific @entity4 . However, a relationship between @entity2 and @entity4 has not yet been demonstrated. Methods Spinal @entity2 at C7 was objectively measured in @entity0 with chronic non-specific @entity4 whose symptomatic spinal level was identified as C7 (n= 12), and age and gender matched asymptomatic controls (n = 12). @entity2 (slope of the linear region of the force-displacement curve) was quantified using a device applying 5 standardized mechanical force cycles to the C7 spinous process while concurrently measuring displacement and resistance to movement. @entity2 was compared between groups using an independent t-test. Spearman's rho and Pearson's r were used to determine the extent @entity2 magnitude was associated with @entity1 intensity (visual analogue scale) and level of disability (Neck Disability Index) respectively, in the group with @entity4 . Results @entity0 with non-specific @entity4 had greater spinal joint @entity2 at C7 compared with asymptomatic individuals (mean difference 1.78 N/mm, 95% CI 0.28, 3.27, P = .022). However, @entity2 magnitude in the group with @entity4 was not associated (P>.05) with @entity1 intensity or level of disability. Conclusion These preliminary results suggest that cervical @entity3 may be greater in the presence of non-specific @entity4 . However, judgements regarding @entity1 intensity and level of disability should not be inferred from examinations of spinal joint @entity2 . J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, Epub 27 Jan 2015. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.5711.

title: Comparison of Cervical XXXX in Individuals With @entity4 and an Asymptomatic Comparison Group.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of the cyclosporine in liver regeneration in @entity0 submitted to an experimental model of 70% hepatectomy. METHODS: Forty male @entity0 were randomly divided in four subgroups (C.24h, C.7d, E.24h, E.7d), according to the drug used and the day of sacrifice (24 hours and 7 days). Cyclosporine (10mg/Kg/day) was given to the study subgroup and 1 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride was to the control subgroup. Resection of left lateral lobe and median lobe performing 70% of @entity2 . During the animals' @entity1 , KWON formula was applied. Counting of mitotic figures and percentage of positive nucleus with PCNA and Ki-67 were evaluated. RESULTS: In the 2nd, 4th PO and @entity1 days, E.7d lose more weight than C.7d. Regarding to the KWON formula, the C.7d regenerated more than the C.24h and the same with the E.7d. Comparing between the groups, only E7d subgroup was statistically significant compared with C.7d, showing the stimulating effect of cyclosporine in liver regeneration. Immunohistochemestry had significant results between the study subgroups. The mitotic index revealed statistical differences in the control subgroups. CONCLUSION: Cyclosporine, in spite of being an immunosuppressive drug, has a positive effect in liver regeneration, although reduce the animal's body weight.

title: Effect of cyclosporine on liver regeneration in partial hepatectomized XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The fine structural features of microcirculation in benign @entity2 , as compared to those in @entity3 have insufficiently been studied. 36 @entity4 and @entity4 (grades I and II) were examined with the electron microscope in order to classify the arterioles, capillaries and venules of these @entity1 . In all the @entity2 , the number of arterioles was smaller than in the normal brain parenchyma. A thickening of the subendothelial basement membrane could be assessed regularly. In the architecture of the small vessels numerous transitional forms could be found in many cases. On this basis the designation "capillary-like" and "venule-like" vessels seems to be justified. As a rule, the venule-like vessels are more numerous than the capillaries. The pericapillary and particularly the perivenular spaces are frequently dilated. In a few areas no continuous perivascular sheath of astrocytic foot processes are formed. At places glial processes can be found in the perivascular spaces which are not covered by a basement membrane. Lack of arterioles can lead to disturbances in autoregulation, and the frequently pathological structure of the capillaries and venules can result in disordered transport of water and ions with consecutive @entity0 .

title: [Ultrastructural systematization of vascular changes in XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: A sensitive and reproducible Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of the 29 commonly prescribed @entity2 and z-drugs in hair. The method was validated according to international guidelines. METHODS: After decontamination (with @entity1 and water), compounds were extracted from 20 mg of pulverized hair samples using @entity0 at 45  C and sonication for 2 hours. The drugs were recovered by liquid-liquid extraction using @entity10 , evaporated to dryness, and reconstituted with 100  L of @entity0 before injection in the UPLC-MS/MS. RESULTS: The applied gradient ensured the elution of all the compounds within 7 minutes using 0.1% @entity7 in water and @entity0 as mobile phase. The lower limit of quantification values ranged from 0.5 to 5 pg/mg of hair. Calibration curves were linear for almost all the compounds and ranged from the limit of quantification to 620 pg/mg hair. The bias and relative standard deviation of the intraday and interday imprecision were lower than 15% in 3 fortified "in-house" quality control samples, 1 external quality control sample, and 1 authentic hair sample (from a @entity6 user). No significant matrix effects were observed for most of the compounds, and the extraction efficiency of the sample cleanup procedure ranged from 19% to 82% with a relative standard deviation <15% [except for clobazam (16%), @entity11 (20%), @entity8 (18%), and @entity12 (20%)]. The method was then successfully applied to the analysis of 40 hair samples from the workplace drug testing, containing @entity3 , @entity9 , @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity13 (and metabolites). CONCLUSIONS: The method was completely validated and can be of interest to clinical and forensic laboratories.

title: Detection of XXXX and z-Drugs in Hair Using an UHPLC-MS/MS Validated Method: Application to Workplace Drug Testing.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The effects of nanoparticles on pregnancy remain unclear. In this study, we investigate whether nanoparticles of a specific size can cross the placenta and affect trophoblast function. METHODS: Fluorescently labelled @entity3 -modified @entity1 beads with diameters of 20, 40, 100, 200, and 500 nm were chosen as model particles. In vitro, trophoblast cell line (3A-Sub-E) or primary culture of term trophoblasts was used for nanoparticle uptake analysis using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, @entity2 proliferation assay and analysis of cell apoptosis using Western blot. Intravenous injection of nanoparticles into pregnant @entity0 at embryonic day 17 was used to study whether nanoparticles can cross the placenta. The @entity0 placentas were collected and quantitatively analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography for nanoparticle uptake. RESULTS: Fluorescent @entity1 particles with diameters of up to 500 nm were taken up by the placenta and were able to cross the placental barrier. The fluorescent @entity1 particles were observed in various organs of fetuses after 4 h of administration to pregnant @entity0 . The nanoparticle uptake by placental tissue was significantly increased in nanoparticles with a diameter of 40 nm. No linear association was evident between nanoparticle size and uptake. Nanoparticles with diameters of 20 nm (200  g/ml) and 40 nm (500  g/ml) could induce trophoblast cell apoptosis with increased cleaved caspase 3 and reduced cell proliferation. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that nanoparticles can cross the placenta and be taken up by fetal organs. Certain concentrations of @entity3 -modified @entity1 nanoparticles may be cytotoxic to trophoblasts, which could alter placental function.

title: Nanoparticles can cross XXXX placenta and induce trophoblast apoptosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigates the mechanical properties and in vitro @entity1 of one- and two-dimensional @entity4 nanomaterials-reinforced biodegradable polymeric nanocomposites. @entity5 ( @entity3 ) nanocomposites were fabricated using crosslinking agent @entity6 and inorganic nanomaterials: @entity4 nanotubes (BNNTs) and @entity4 nanoplatelets (BNNPs) dispersed at 0.2 wt % in the polymeric matrix. The incorporation of BNNPs and BNNTs resulted in a    38 and    15% increase in compressive (Young's) modulus, and    31 and    6% increase in compressive yield strength compared to @entity3 control, respectively. The nanocomposites showed a time-dependent increased protein adsorption for collagen I protein. The @entity1 evaluation of aqueous BNNT and BNNP dispersions (at 1-100  g/mL concentrations) using @entity0 MC3T3 preosteoblast cells showed    73-99% viability. The @entity1 evaluation of media extracts of nanocomposites before crosslinking, after crosslinking, and upon degradation (using 1*-100* dilutions) showed dose-dependent @entity1 responses. Crosslinked nanocomposites showed excellent (   79-100%) cell viability, cellular attachment (   57-67%), and spreading similar to cells grown on the surface of tissue culture @entity2 control. The media extracts of degradation products showed a dose-dependent @entity1 . The favorable cytocompatibility results in combination with improved mechanical properties of BNNT and BNNP nanocomposites opens new avenues for further in vitro and in vivo safety and efficacy studies towards bone tissue engineering applications.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2015.

title: XXXX nanotubes and nanoplatelets as reinforcing agents of polymeric matrices for bone tissue engineering.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In drug-resistant @entity3 ( @entity3 ), MRI studies have shown consistent mesiotemporal and neocortical structural alterations when comparing @entity0 to healthy controls. It remains, however, relatively unclear whether the side of @entity2 focus differentially impacts the degree of structural damage. This work performed a comprehensive surface-based analysis of mesiotemporal and neocortical morphology on preoperative 1.5 T MRI in 25/35 LTLE/RTLE @entity0 that achieved @entity2 freedom after surgery (i.e., Engel-I outcome; 7        2 years follow-up), an imaging-independent confirmation of focus lateralization. Compared to 46 age- and sex-matched controls, both @entity3 groups displayed marked @entity1 in mesiotemporal regions, while cortical thinning was bilateral. Direct contrasts between LTLE and RTLE did not reveal significant differences. Bootstrap simulations indicated low reproducibility of observing a between-cohort difference; power analysis revealed that more than 110 @entity0 would be necessary to detect subtle differences. No difference between LTLE and RTLE was confirmed when using voxel-based morphometry, an independent proxy of gray matter volume. Similar results were obtained analyzing a separate 3 T dataset (15/15 LTLE/RTLE @entity0 ; Engel-I after 4        2 years follow-up; 42 controls). Our results strongly support equivalent gray matter compromise in left and right @entity3 . The morphological profile of @entity2 -free @entity0 , presenting with ipsilateral mesiotemporal and bilateral cortical @entity1 , motivates the development of neuromarkers of outcome that consider both mesiotemporal and neocortical structures. Hum Brain Mapp, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Gray matter structural compromise is equally distributed in left and right XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity5 ) is a novel therapeutic agent for hyperpigmented @entity1 . The efficacy and safety of topical @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity4 has not been heretofore studied. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical @entity5 combined with intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment in Asians with @entity4 . METHODS: A randomized, split-face (internally controlled) study was conducted in 15 @entity0 who received four monthly sessions of IPL to both sides of the face. Topical @entity5 or vehicle was applied to a randomly assigned side during and after IPL treatment. @entity0 were followed up for 12 weeks after completing the IPL treatments. Baseline and follow-up @entity2 ( @entity2 ; measured by Mexameter  , Courage and Khazaka, Cologne, Germany) and modified @entity4 area and severity index (mMASI) scores were determined. RESULTS: Thirteen subjects completed the study without serious adverse events. @entity2 and mMASI decreased significantly from baseline to 12 weeks after the last IPL treatment on the topical @entity5 side but not on the vehicle side. The efficacy of topical @entity5 in preventing rebound pigmentation after IPL treatment was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Topical @entity5 can be considered an effective and safe adjuvant to conventional treatment for @entity4 .

title: Topical @entity3 as an adjuvant treatment in XXXX : Side-by-side comparison clinical study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity5 ) is a novel therapeutic agent for hyperpigmented @entity1 . The efficacy and safety of topical @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity4 has not been heretofore studied. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical @entity5 combined with intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment in Asians with @entity4 . METHODS: A randomized, split-face (internally controlled) study was conducted in 15 @entity0 who received four monthly sessions of IPL to both sides of the face. Topical @entity5 or vehicle was applied to a randomly assigned side during and after IPL treatment. @entity0 were followed up for 12 weeks after completing the IPL treatments. Baseline and follow-up @entity2 ( @entity2 ; measured by Mexameter  , Courage and Khazaka, Cologne, Germany) and modified @entity4 area and severity index (mMASI) scores were determined. RESULTS: Thirteen subjects completed the study without serious adverse events. @entity2 and mMASI decreased significantly from baseline to 12 weeks after the last IPL treatment on the topical @entity5 side but not on the vehicle side. The efficacy of topical @entity5 in preventing rebound pigmentation after IPL treatment was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Topical @entity5 can be considered an effective and safe adjuvant to conventional treatment for @entity4 .

title: Topical XXXX as an adjuvant treatment in @entity4 : Side-by-side comparison clinical study.

answer: @entity3