abstract: BACKGROUND: Cervical @entity6 can be a difficult condition to manage. Depending on the etiology, location, and extent of the @entity5 , @entity7 or cricotracheal resection may be required. Intraoperative decisions may predict outcome. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all @entity0 undergoing cervical @entity7 or cricotracheal resection from April 2000 through March 2008. RESULTS: One hundred and five @entity0 underwent 108 @entity7 or cricotracheal resections. Median age was 65 years (range, 15 to 78); 68% were @entity0 . Indication for operation included postintubation @entity6 (38), idiopathic (31), @entity5 (19), invasive @entity1 (9), and other (8). Median length of @entity4 resected was 2.7 cm (range, 1.5 to 6.0 cm); 48 @entity0 (46%) underwent extended cricotracheal resections. Twenty-six @entity0 (25%) had an intraoperative chin stitch placed. Hospital stay was a median of 4 days (range, 2 to 33). Operative mortality was (1%); 1 @entity0 died of @entity3 on postoperative day 3. Four @entity0 (4%) had hoarseness or vocal cord immobility. Median follow-up was 36 months (range, 1 to 79). Eighteen @entity0 (17%) required dilation postoperatively. Seven @entity0 (7%) required tracheostomy; 2 (2%) are tracheostomy dependent. Three @entity0 (3%) underwent a re-resection for recurrent @entity5 . Multivariate analysis of indication for resection, type of resection, length of resection, anastomotic technique, and use of chin stitch did not predict the need for @entity2 , tracheostomy, or reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical @entity7 resection can be performed safely with low morbidity and mortality. Only 5% of @entity0 required a long-term tracheostomy or re-resection for recurrent @entity6 . Specific intraoperative decisions did not predict long-term success.

title: Cervical XXXX resection: new lessons learned.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of sub-threshold focused ultrasound (FUS) sonication on the @entity4 cell. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity0 @entity8 cell line PaTu 8988t suspension and @entity8 xenograft in @entity2 were sonicated by FUS using sub-threshold doses. The temperature at the focus was controlled at below 60  C. The cell apoptosis in vitro was tested by flow cytometer at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48h after FUS sonication. Colony formation was used to evaluate the cell growth inhibition of FUS in vitro. The @entity1 volume of the xenograft was measured before and after FUS sonication. Then the slides of the @entity1 were under @entity5 - @entity6 (H_E) staining and TdT-mediated @entity7 nick end labeling (TUNEL) to evaluate the effect of FUS on @entity8 xenograft in vivo. RESULTS: The maximum cell suspension temperature of the FUS sonication group was 55.8  2.17  C. The cell apoptosis rate peaked at 24h after FUS sonication, the differences between the FUS sonication group and control group were statistically significant (P<0.05). Colony formation rates were 50.40  3.81% for the control group and 26.82  2.88% for FUS sonication group (P<0.05). For the xenografts in @entity2 , the mean @entity1 volumes of the control group and the FUS sonication group 15 days after sonication were 1746.58  312.77mm(3) and 1085.23  217.13mm(3) (P<0.05). H_E staining and TUNEL assay showed both @entity3 and apoptotic cells. CONCLUSION: Sub-threshold FUS sonication could induce cell apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of @entity4 cells.

title: Cell apoptosis and proliferation inhibition of XXXX induced by sub-threshold focused ultrasound (FUS).

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical features variability between familial and sporadic @entity3 / @entity3 (RLS/WED) has been previously reported. With this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to determine the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics of 400 RLS/WED @entity0 . @entity0 with familial RLS/WED were significantly younger than sporadic RLS/WED, while clinical and polysomnographic characteristics were similar in both groups. No difference was found for the age-at-onset between idiopathic and secondary RLS/WED. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) index and REM sleep time were higher in idiopathic RLS/WED. Time of onset of symptoms was in the evening or at bedtime in 28.04 and 37.80  % of @entity0 , respectively, while in 21.34  % of @entity0 onset was more than 1  h after sleep onset. Impulse control and compulsive behaviours (ICBs) were found in 13.29  % @entity0 on @entity2 agonist therapy. Our analyses support the hypothesis that @entity0 with a familial history of RLS/WED may have a genetic component. Nevertheless, the dichotomy between early and late onset disease seems to be less sharp than previously reported. A large proportion of RLS/WED @entity0 can have atypical features, therefore making the diagnosis challenging. Some cases can be missed even when the @entity0 refers to a sleep specialist, as revealed by the partial absence of daytime symptoms, the high comorbidity with @entity1 and the high percentage of symptoms beginning after sleep onset. This draws attention on the importance of a careful evaluation of the @entity0 , to recognize potentially treatable secondary forms of RLS/WED.

title: Defining the phenotype of XXXX / @entity3 (RLS/WED): a clinical and polysomnographic study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical features variability between familial and sporadic @entity3 / @entity3 (RLS/WED) has been previously reported. With this retrospective cohort study, we aimed to determine the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics of 400 RLS/WED @entity0 . @entity0 with familial RLS/WED were significantly younger than sporadic RLS/WED, while clinical and polysomnographic characteristics were similar in both groups. No difference was found for the age-at-onset between idiopathic and secondary RLS/WED. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) index and REM sleep time were higher in idiopathic RLS/WED. Time of onset of symptoms was in the evening or at bedtime in 28.04 and 37.80  % of @entity0 , respectively, while in 21.34  % of @entity0 onset was more than 1  h after sleep onset. Impulse control and compulsive behaviours (ICBs) were found in 13.29  % @entity0 on @entity2 agonist therapy. Our analyses support the hypothesis that @entity0 with a familial history of RLS/WED may have a genetic component. Nevertheless, the dichotomy between early and late onset disease seems to be less sharp than previously reported. A large proportion of RLS/WED @entity0 can have atypical features, therefore making the diagnosis challenging. Some cases can be missed even when the @entity0 refers to a sleep specialist, as revealed by the partial absence of daytime symptoms, the high comorbidity with @entity1 and the high percentage of symptoms beginning after sleep onset. This draws attention on the importance of a careful evaluation of the @entity0 , to recognize potentially treatable secondary forms of RLS/WED.

title: Defining the phenotype of @entity3 / XXXX (RLS/WED): a clinical and polysomnographic study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by maintenance @entity6 (PC/G) and @entity6 monotherapy (G) in @entity0 with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and unknown @entity2 gene ( @entity2 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity5 ( @entity5 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 and unknown @entity2 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity2 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity0 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity7 point mutation in 24). @entity5 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity5 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity5 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity0 with @entity2 wild-type @entity1 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity0 with @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity5 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity2 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity0 with advanced @entity4 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus XXXX followed by @entity6 Maintenance Therapy versus @entity6 Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker @entity0 with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous @entity4 : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by maintenance @entity6 (PC/G) and @entity6 monotherapy (G) in @entity0 with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and unknown @entity2 gene ( @entity2 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity5 ( @entity5 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 and unknown @entity2 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity2 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity0 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity7 point mutation in 24). @entity5 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity5 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity5 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity0 with @entity2 wild-type @entity1 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity0 with @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity5 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity2 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity0 with advanced @entity4 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by @entity6 Maintenance Therapy versus @entity6 Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker @entity0 with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous XXXX : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by maintenance @entity6 (PC/G) and @entity6 monotherapy (G) in @entity0 with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and unknown @entity2 gene ( @entity2 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity5 ( @entity5 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 and unknown @entity2 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity2 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity0 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity7 point mutation in 24). @entity5 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity5 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity5 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity0 with @entity2 wild-type @entity1 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity0 with @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity5 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity2 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity0 with advanced @entity4 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by XXXX Maintenance Therapy versus @entity6 Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker @entity0 with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous @entity4 : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by maintenance @entity6 (PC/G) and @entity6 monotherapy (G) in @entity0 with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and unknown @entity2 gene ( @entity2 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity5 ( @entity5 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 and unknown @entity2 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity2 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity0 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity7 point mutation in 24). @entity5 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity5 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity5 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity0 with @entity2 wild-type @entity1 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity0 with @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity5 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity2 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity0 with advanced @entity4 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by @entity6 Maintenance Therapy versus XXXX Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker @entity0 with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous @entity4 : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The primary analysis of this open-label, randomized, multicenter phase 3 study revealed no significant difference in progression-free survival between pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by maintenance @entity6 (PC/G) and @entity6 monotherapy (G) in @entity0 with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and unknown @entity2 gene ( @entity2 ) mutation status; however, the hazard ratio favored PC/G. This report describes the final @entity5 ( @entity5 ) results. METHODS: Chemonaive, East Asian light ex-smokers/never-smokers with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 and unknown @entity2 mutation status were randomized (1:1) to PC/G (n  = 118) or G (n  = 118). @entity2 mutation status was retrospectively determined for 76 @entity0 , 52 (68.4%) of whom had @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (exon 19 deletions in 26 and @entity7 point mutation in 24). @entity5 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01017874). RESULTS: Median @entity5 was similar in the PC/G (26.9 months) and G (27.9 months) groups (hazard ratio  = 0.94, 95% confidence interval: 0.68-1.31, p  = 0.717). Median @entity5 was longer with PC/G than with G in @entity0 with @entity2 wild-type @entity1 (28.4 versus 8.9 months) and longer with G than with PC/G in @entity0 with @entity2 -mutated @entity1 (45.7  versus 32.4 months), especially those with exon 19 deletions. Second-line postdiscontinuation therapy was common and included chemotherapy (PC/G, 41 of 118 [34.7%]; G, 73 of 118 [61.9%]) and rechallenge with an @entity2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PC/G, 27 of 118 [22.9%]; G, 9 of 118 [7.6%]). CONCLUSIONS: The progression-free survival and @entity5 results from this study further demonstrate the importance of determining @entity2 mutation status to select the most appropriate first-line treatment for @entity0 with advanced @entity4 .

title: First-Line Pemetrexed plus @entity3 followed by @entity6 Maintenance Therapy versus @entity6 Monotherapy in East Asian Never-Smoker XXXX with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous @entity4 : Final Overall Survival Results from a Randomized Phase 3 Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: During normovolemia, @entity13 causes mild sympathetic stimulation and direct @entity4 ; these effects offset each other, resulting in only minimal cardiovascular changes. To test the hypothesis that during @entity11 this balance would change and @entity5 predominate, 10 @entity10 were made @entity11 (30% @entity3 ) and then were given 70% @entity12 (0.25 MAC in @entity10 ) or an equipotent concentration of @entity9 , an agent that does not cause sympathetic stimulation. The alternate anesthetic was given to the same @entity11 @entity10 on another day. Five minutes after induction of anesthesia during @entity11 , both @entity12 and @entity9 caused significant, physiologically important deterioration of compensation for @entity6 . @entity9 decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR); @entity12 was more variable in its action, and SVR did not decrease significantly. Both agents caused similar decreases in cardiac output, mean aortic blood pressure, @entity1 volume, @entity0 consumption, and left ventricular minute work, despite increases in plasma epinephrine concentration and plasma @entity14 activity. No differences were found between groups for any of these variables (P greater than 0.05). Plasma @entity8 concentration increased only in the @entity12 group and was greater in that group than in the @entity9 group. The @entity2 for @entity6 was expressed metabolically by similar decreases in the two groups in partial pressure of @entity0 of mixed venous blood and by increases in blood @entity7 concentration. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia, with stable end-tidal anesthetic concentrations, both groups had some cardiovascular, but no metabolic, recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cardiovascular actions of @entity13 or XXXX in @entity11 @entity10 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: During normovolemia, @entity13 causes mild sympathetic stimulation and direct @entity4 ; these effects offset each other, resulting in only minimal cardiovascular changes. To test the hypothesis that during @entity11 this balance would change and @entity5 predominate, 10 @entity10 were made @entity11 (30% @entity3 ) and then were given 70% @entity12 (0.25 MAC in @entity10 ) or an equipotent concentration of @entity9 , an agent that does not cause sympathetic stimulation. The alternate anesthetic was given to the same @entity11 @entity10 on another day. Five minutes after induction of anesthesia during @entity11 , both @entity12 and @entity9 caused significant, physiologically important deterioration of compensation for @entity6 . @entity9 decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR); @entity12 was more variable in its action, and SVR did not decrease significantly. Both agents caused similar decreases in cardiac output, mean aortic blood pressure, @entity1 volume, @entity0 consumption, and left ventricular minute work, despite increases in plasma epinephrine concentration and plasma @entity14 activity. No differences were found between groups for any of these variables (P greater than 0.05). Plasma @entity8 concentration increased only in the @entity12 group and was greater in that group than in the @entity9 group. The @entity2 for @entity6 was expressed metabolically by similar decreases in the two groups in partial pressure of @entity0 of mixed venous blood and by increases in blood @entity7 concentration. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia, with stable end-tidal anesthetic concentrations, both groups had some cardiovascular, but no metabolic, recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cardiovascular actions of @entity13 or @entity9 in XXXX @entity10 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: During normovolemia, @entity13 causes mild sympathetic stimulation and direct @entity4 ; these effects offset each other, resulting in only minimal cardiovascular changes. To test the hypothesis that during @entity11 this balance would change and @entity5 predominate, 10 @entity10 were made @entity11 (30% @entity3 ) and then were given 70% @entity12 (0.25 MAC in @entity10 ) or an equipotent concentration of @entity9 , an agent that does not cause sympathetic stimulation. The alternate anesthetic was given to the same @entity11 @entity10 on another day. Five minutes after induction of anesthesia during @entity11 , both @entity12 and @entity9 caused significant, physiologically important deterioration of compensation for @entity6 . @entity9 decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR); @entity12 was more variable in its action, and SVR did not decrease significantly. Both agents caused similar decreases in cardiac output, mean aortic blood pressure, @entity1 volume, @entity0 consumption, and left ventricular minute work, despite increases in plasma epinephrine concentration and plasma @entity14 activity. No differences were found between groups for any of these variables (P greater than 0.05). Plasma @entity8 concentration increased only in the @entity12 group and was greater in that group than in the @entity9 group. The @entity2 for @entity6 was expressed metabolically by similar decreases in the two groups in partial pressure of @entity0 of mixed venous blood and by increases in blood @entity7 concentration. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia, with stable end-tidal anesthetic concentrations, both groups had some cardiovascular, but no metabolic, recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cardiovascular actions of XXXX or @entity9 in @entity11 @entity10 .

answer: @entity13


abstract: During normovolemia, @entity13 causes mild sympathetic stimulation and direct @entity4 ; these effects offset each other, resulting in only minimal cardiovascular changes. To test the hypothesis that during @entity11 this balance would change and @entity5 predominate, 10 @entity10 were made @entity11 (30% @entity3 ) and then were given 70% @entity12 (0.25 MAC in @entity10 ) or an equipotent concentration of @entity9 , an agent that does not cause sympathetic stimulation. The alternate anesthetic was given to the same @entity11 @entity10 on another day. Five minutes after induction of anesthesia during @entity11 , both @entity12 and @entity9 caused significant, physiologically important deterioration of compensation for @entity6 . @entity9 decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR); @entity12 was more variable in its action, and SVR did not decrease significantly. Both agents caused similar decreases in cardiac output, mean aortic blood pressure, @entity1 volume, @entity0 consumption, and left ventricular minute work, despite increases in plasma epinephrine concentration and plasma @entity14 activity. No differences were found between groups for any of these variables (P greater than 0.05). Plasma @entity8 concentration increased only in the @entity12 group and was greater in that group than in the @entity9 group. The @entity2 for @entity6 was expressed metabolically by similar decreases in the two groups in partial pressure of @entity0 of mixed venous blood and by increases in blood @entity7 concentration. Thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia, with stable end-tidal anesthetic concentrations, both groups had some cardiovascular, but no metabolic, recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cardiovascular actions of @entity13 or @entity9 in @entity11 XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational exposure to solvents may lead to @entity2 and @entity0 . We aimed to investigate the association of occupational exposure to petroleum-derived @entity3 with @entity2 and @entity0 . METHODS: We included male workers handling/distributing petroleum products (exposed, n   =   250) and electricians (non-exposed, n   =   250) from two companies in Tlemcen (Algeria). @entity2 was evaluated with the Q-16 questionnaire, and @entity0 with the Epworth and the Berlin questionnaires. Multivariable Poisson regression models with @entity1 were applied obtaining risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of reported @entity2 and @entity0 was higher in exposed than in non-exposed workers. Significant adjusted associations were observed for @entity2 , snoring, and @entity0 (RR   =   2.2, CI: 1.7-2.8; RR   =   1.4; CI: 1.1-1.7; RR   =   1.3, CI: 1.2-1.5, respectively). No significant associations were observed with the Epworth score. CONCLUSIONS: Our questionnaire-based cross-sectional study suggests that exposure to petroleum-derived @entity3 is associated with self-reported @entity0 and @entity2 symptoms. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:129-136, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Sleep disturbances and XXXX in workers exposed to @entity3 . An observational study from Algeria.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational exposure to solvents may lead to @entity2 and @entity0 . We aimed to investigate the association of occupational exposure to petroleum-derived @entity3 with @entity2 and @entity0 . METHODS: We included male workers handling/distributing petroleum products (exposed, n   =   250) and electricians (non-exposed, n   =   250) from two companies in Tlemcen (Algeria). @entity2 was evaluated with the Q-16 questionnaire, and @entity0 with the Epworth and the Berlin questionnaires. Multivariable Poisson regression models with @entity1 were applied obtaining risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of reported @entity2 and @entity0 was higher in exposed than in non-exposed workers. Significant adjusted associations were observed for @entity2 , snoring, and @entity0 (RR   =   2.2, CI: 1.7-2.8; RR   =   1.4; CI: 1.1-1.7; RR   =   1.3, CI: 1.2-1.5, respectively). No significant associations were observed with the Epworth score. CONCLUSIONS: Our questionnaire-based cross-sectional study suggests that exposure to petroleum-derived @entity3 is associated with self-reported @entity0 and @entity2 symptoms. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:129-136, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Sleep disturbances and @entity2 in workers exposed to XXXX . An observational study from Algeria.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The quality of early @entity3 ( @entity3 ) diagnosis is dependent on the experience of dermatologists, tools like dermoscopy and histopathology, and awareness and education of the studied population. Does a higher rate of excision of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) increase the rate of detected @entity3 ? MATERIAL AND METHODS: The DB-MIPS objective tool, able to evaluate mathematical defined variables, has been used to verify the variability of measurements among @entity2 stored by five different centres located in Italy, Switzerland, and Germany. RESULTS: The objective analysis showed low differences in terms of moles' features among the different groups, arguing for robustness of the dermatological @entity0 's @entity2 inspection. Differences in terms of false positives and predictive positive values have been detected. The tendency to follow up a lesion was proportional to the percentage of thin @entity3 (<0.75 mm @entity1 thickness), while the interventism was proportional to the percentage of @entity4 . Similar percentage of thin @entity3 has been observed in all the centres, indicating a standardization in early diagnosing among experienced dermatologists. The main difference among the centres was their mode of action, i.e. to follow up or remove suspicious @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Interventism depends neither on the geographic site nor on the features of the observed moles. Higher removal rates do not correspond to higher @entity3 detections: this means that an in-depth knowledge of @entity3 patterns is required and follow-up of suspicious moles is highly suggested.

title: Impact of digital dermoscopy analysis on the decision to follow up or to excise a XXXX : a multicentre study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity2 Assessment Scale ( @entity4 ) was designed as a rating scale for the severity of dysfunction in the cognitive and @entity1 that are characteristic of @entity0 with @entity2 . Its subscale, the @entity4 -cog, is a cognitive testing instrument most widely used to measure the impact of the disease. However, the @entity4 -cog takes more than 45 min to administer and requires a qualified clinical psychologist as the rater. A more comprehensive rating battery is therefore required. In the present study, we developed a computerized test battery named the Touch Panel-type Dementia Assessment Scale (TDAS), which was intended to substitute for the @entity4 -Cog, and was specifically designed to rate @entity1 quickly and without the need of a specialist rater. METHODS: The hardware for the TDAS comprises a 14-inch touch panel display and computer devices built into one case. The TDAS runs on Windows @entity3 and was bundled with a custom program made with reference to the @entity4 -cog. @entity0 in the present study were 34 @entity0 with @entity2 . Each @entity0 was administered the @entity4 -cog and the TDAS. The test scores for each @entity0 were compared to determine whether the severity of @entity1 of the @entity0 could be rated equally as well by both tests. RESULTS: Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a significant correlation between the total scores (r= 0.69, P < 0.01) on the two scales for each @entity0 . The Kendall coefficients of concordance obtained for the three corresponding pairs of tasks (word recognition, orientation, and naming object and fingers) showed the three TDAS tasks can rate symptoms of @entity1 equally as well as the corresponding items on the @entity4 -cog. CONCLUSIONS: The TDAS appears to be a sensitive and comprehensive assessment battery for rating the symptoms of @entity2 , and can be substituted for the @entity4 -cog.

title: Touch Panel-type Dementia Assessment Scale: a new computer-based rating scale for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is a heterogeneous @entity1 . The Rome III consensus proposed a subdivision into @entity4 , based on gastroduodenal symptom pattern only; @entity7 were classified as separate @entity9 ( @entity9 ). We aimed to investigate an alternative subdivision of @entity9 , taking into account gastric sensorimotor function, @entity3 _ @entity5 and 'somatization', besides gastroduodenal symptoms. METHODS: Gastroduodenal symptom data were available for 857 consecutive @entity9 @entity0 (Rome II criteria). In a subsample (n=259), additional data were obtained on gastric sensitivity, @entity3 , @entity5 and 'somatization'. Two separate cluster analyses were performed. In analysis 1, clustering was based on individual gastroduodenal symptom scores. In analysis 2, gastric sensitivity, @entity3 _ @entity5 and 'somatization', besides @entity6 score, were used for clustering. KEY RESULTS: Analysis 1 identified four clusters, largely supporting the Rome III classification, with early satiation, @entity4 and @entity7 , besides a limited severity cluster (R(2) = 0.32). Analysis 2 suggested a five-cluster solution (R(2) = 0.48). @entity3 , @entity5 and 'somatization' were the most important variables separating the clusters. 'Primary somatization' (with low psychiatric symptom levels) as well as 'secondary somatization' (with high @entity3 _ @entity5 scores) subgroups were identified, besides three other subgroups characterized by @entity2 , mild @entity3 and limited overall severity, respectively. CONCLUSIONS _ INFERENCES: We propose an alternative to the current subgrouping in @entity9 that is exclusively based on gastroduodenal symptoms. This may have consequences for future classification of @entity9 , as well as broader relevance towards the debate on subgrouping 'functional somatic syndromes'.

title: Do we have an alternative for the Rome III gastroduodenal symptom-based subgroups in XXXX ? A cluster analysis approach.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Several imaging techniques have been advocated as clinical adjuncts to improve identification of suspicious @entity2 . However, these have not yet shown superior sensitivity or specificity over conventional oral examination techniques. We developed a multimodal, multi-scale optical imaging system that combines macroscopic biochemical imaging of fluorescence lifetime imaging with subcellular morphologic imaging of reflectance confocal microscopy for early detection of @entity1 . We tested our system on excised @entity0 oral tissues. STUDY DESIGN: In total, 4 tissue specimens were imaged. These specimens were diagnosed as either clinically normal, @entity5 , @entity4 , or superficially invasive @entity3 . The optical and fluorescence lifetime properties of each specimen were recorded. RESULTS: Both quantitative and qualitative differences among normal, benign, and @entity3 lesions can be resolved with fluorescence lifetime imaging reflectance confocal microscopy. The results demonstrate that an integrated approach based on these two methods can potentially enable rapid screening and evaluation of large areas of oral epithelial tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Early results from ongoing studies of imaging @entity0 oral cavity illustrate the synergistic combination of the 2 modalities. An adjunct device based on such optical characterization of oral mucosa can potentially be used to detect oral carcinogenesis in early stages.

title: A novel multimodal optical imaging system for early detection of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 (BCNU) wafer (Gliadel(  ) Wafer) implantation after @entity2 resection is an approved treatment for high-grade @entity3 (HGG). These wafers change various characteristics on early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (ep-MRI) including slight expansion of high-intensity areas on T2-weighted imaging (ep-T2-HIAs) into adjacent parenchyma without restricted diffusivity. We assessed the frequency of the ep-T2-HIAs after BCNU wafer implantation in HGG @entity0 . Moreover, we focused on ep-T2-HIA expansion and its relation to delayed @entity4 . METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive HGG @entity0 who underwent BCNU wafer implantation were assessed. First, @entity0 were divided into ep-T2-HIA and non-ep-T2-HIA groups, and the incidence of delayed adverse effects was compared between the two groups. Subsequently, the @entity0 were divided into delayed @entity1 and non-delayed @entity1 groups, and pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The ep-T2-HIA expansion and the delayed @entity1 were evident in 9 cases (36%) and 12 cases (48%), respectively. In comparison of the ep-T2-HIA and non-ep-T2-HIA groups, delayed @entity1 was the only delayed adverse effect associated with ep-T2-HIA expansion (P = 0.004). Univariate analysis showed a significantly higher ratio of delayed @entity1 in the subgroups with maximal diameter of removed cavity  <=40 mm (P = 0.047) and the ep-T2-HIA expansion in comparison of the delayed @entity1 and non-delayed @entity1 groups. Multivariate analysis showed that the ep-T2-HIA expansion was the only independent factor associated with delayed @entity1 (P = 0.021). CONCLUSION: In BCNU wafer implantation cases, ep-T2-HIA expansion was a predictive factor for delayed @entity4 .

title: Early Postoperative Expansion of Parenchymal High-intensity Areas on T2-weighted Imaging Predicts Delayed XXXX Caused by @entity5 Wafer Implantation in @entity0 with High-grade @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 (BCNU) wafer (Gliadel(  ) Wafer) implantation after @entity2 resection is an approved treatment for high-grade @entity3 (HGG). These wafers change various characteristics on early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (ep-MRI) including slight expansion of high-intensity areas on T2-weighted imaging (ep-T2-HIAs) into adjacent parenchyma without restricted diffusivity. We assessed the frequency of the ep-T2-HIAs after BCNU wafer implantation in HGG @entity0 . Moreover, we focused on ep-T2-HIA expansion and its relation to delayed @entity4 . METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive HGG @entity0 who underwent BCNU wafer implantation were assessed. First, @entity0 were divided into ep-T2-HIA and non-ep-T2-HIA groups, and the incidence of delayed adverse effects was compared between the two groups. Subsequently, the @entity0 were divided into delayed @entity1 and non-delayed @entity1 groups, and pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The ep-T2-HIA expansion and the delayed @entity1 were evident in 9 cases (36%) and 12 cases (48%), respectively. In comparison of the ep-T2-HIA and non-ep-T2-HIA groups, delayed @entity1 was the only delayed adverse effect associated with ep-T2-HIA expansion (P = 0.004). Univariate analysis showed a significantly higher ratio of delayed @entity1 in the subgroups with maximal diameter of removed cavity  <=40 mm (P = 0.047) and the ep-T2-HIA expansion in comparison of the delayed @entity1 and non-delayed @entity1 groups. Multivariate analysis showed that the ep-T2-HIA expansion was the only independent factor associated with delayed @entity1 (P = 0.021). CONCLUSION: In BCNU wafer implantation cases, ep-T2-HIA expansion was a predictive factor for delayed @entity4 .

title: Early Postoperative Expansion of Parenchymal High-intensity Areas on T2-weighted Imaging Predicts Delayed @entity4 Caused by @entity5 Wafer Implantation in @entity0 with High-grade XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 (BCNU) wafer (Gliadel(  ) Wafer) implantation after @entity2 resection is an approved treatment for high-grade @entity3 (HGG). These wafers change various characteristics on early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (ep-MRI) including slight expansion of high-intensity areas on T2-weighted imaging (ep-T2-HIAs) into adjacent parenchyma without restricted diffusivity. We assessed the frequency of the ep-T2-HIAs after BCNU wafer implantation in HGG @entity0 . Moreover, we focused on ep-T2-HIA expansion and its relation to delayed @entity4 . METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive HGG @entity0 who underwent BCNU wafer implantation were assessed. First, @entity0 were divided into ep-T2-HIA and non-ep-T2-HIA groups, and the incidence of delayed adverse effects was compared between the two groups. Subsequently, the @entity0 were divided into delayed @entity1 and non-delayed @entity1 groups, and pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The ep-T2-HIA expansion and the delayed @entity1 were evident in 9 cases (36%) and 12 cases (48%), respectively. In comparison of the ep-T2-HIA and non-ep-T2-HIA groups, delayed @entity1 was the only delayed adverse effect associated with ep-T2-HIA expansion (P = 0.004). Univariate analysis showed a significantly higher ratio of delayed @entity1 in the subgroups with maximal diameter of removed cavity  <=40 mm (P = 0.047) and the ep-T2-HIA expansion in comparison of the delayed @entity1 and non-delayed @entity1 groups. Multivariate analysis showed that the ep-T2-HIA expansion was the only independent factor associated with delayed @entity1 (P = 0.021). CONCLUSION: In BCNU wafer implantation cases, ep-T2-HIA expansion was a predictive factor for delayed @entity4 .

title: Early Postoperative Expansion of Parenchymal High-intensity Areas on T2-weighted Imaging Predicts Delayed @entity4 Caused by XXXX Wafer Implantation in @entity0 with High-grade @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 (BCNU) wafer (Gliadel(  ) Wafer) implantation after @entity2 resection is an approved treatment for high-grade @entity3 (HGG). These wafers change various characteristics on early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (ep-MRI) including slight expansion of high-intensity areas on T2-weighted imaging (ep-T2-HIAs) into adjacent parenchyma without restricted diffusivity. We assessed the frequency of the ep-T2-HIAs after BCNU wafer implantation in HGG @entity0 . Moreover, we focused on ep-T2-HIA expansion and its relation to delayed @entity4 . METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive HGG @entity0 who underwent BCNU wafer implantation were assessed. First, @entity0 were divided into ep-T2-HIA and non-ep-T2-HIA groups, and the incidence of delayed adverse effects was compared between the two groups. Subsequently, the @entity0 were divided into delayed @entity1 and non-delayed @entity1 groups, and pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The ep-T2-HIA expansion and the delayed @entity1 were evident in 9 cases (36%) and 12 cases (48%), respectively. In comparison of the ep-T2-HIA and non-ep-T2-HIA groups, delayed @entity1 was the only delayed adverse effect associated with ep-T2-HIA expansion (P = 0.004). Univariate analysis showed a significantly higher ratio of delayed @entity1 in the subgroups with maximal diameter of removed cavity  <=40 mm (P = 0.047) and the ep-T2-HIA expansion in comparison of the delayed @entity1 and non-delayed @entity1 groups. Multivariate analysis showed that the ep-T2-HIA expansion was the only independent factor associated with delayed @entity1 (P = 0.021). CONCLUSION: In BCNU wafer implantation cases, ep-T2-HIA expansion was a predictive factor for delayed @entity4 .

title: Early Postoperative Expansion of Parenchymal High-intensity Areas on T2-weighted Imaging Predicts Delayed @entity4 Caused by @entity5 Wafer Implantation in XXXX with High-grade @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Predisposing risk factors, clinical course, and prognosis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) remain poorly understood. We reviewed medical records and coronary angiograms of @entity0 admitted to our institution with the diagnosis of @entity4 from 1999 through 2010. A definite diagnosis of @entity4 required the agreement of 2 blinded board-certified interventional cardiologists who reviewed all images separately. Baseline characteristics of @entity0 (n = 23) included mean age 45    11 years, female gender in all (100%), history of @entity1 in 13 (57%), and postpartum in 7 (30%). Eleven (48%) had ST-segment elevation on initial electrocardiogram. @entity4 involved the left main in 5 @entity0 (21.7%), left anterior descending coronary artery in 16 (70%), left circumflex coronary artery in 8 (35%), and right coronary artery in 6 (26%). Four @entity0 (17%) underwent coronary stenting and 6 (26%) required urgent bypass surgery. Comparison between postpartum and nonpostpartum @entity0 revealed significant differences in mean peak troponin levels: 50    34 ng/ml vs 21    23, p = 0.04, mean left ventricular ejection fraction: 34    6% vs 49    9, p <0.01, proximal coronary segment distribution: 6 (86%) vs 3 (19%), p = 0.004, and left anterior descending coronary artery distribution: 7 (100%) vs 9 (56%), p = 0.04, respectively. Repeat coronary angiographies were performed in 11 @entity0 (46%) during a mean follow-up of 39    38 months and 10 (91%) were found to have healed @entity4 , including those who had undergone bypass surgery. In conclusion, our @entity0 with @entity4 were characterized by female gender, absence of coronary risk factors, and a high rate of @entity2 without residual stenosis. Larger @entity3 was found in postpartum @entity0 .

title: Presentation and therapy of XXXX and comparisons of postpartum versus nonpostpartum cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Parasite loads of animals vary among individuals, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully identified. Here, we investigated whether health status of hedgehogs ( @entity1 ) is correlated with tick burden, and whether chemical cues linked to the health status of the host mediate attraction of the tick @entity2 . An ecological survey conducted over 10 years, involving 226 wild hedgehogs, revealed a strong association between health status and tick burden of hedgehogs, with healthy animals being less likely to carry ticks than unhealthy ones. Behavioral choice tests demonstrated that ticks display a preference for the fecal odor from sick hedgehogs compared with healthy ones. Chemical analysis of fecal odors using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed differences in the odor profile between sick and healthy hedgehogs. Sick animals tended to exhibit raised levels of the volatile aromatic heterocyclic compound @entity0 in their feces. Ticks were attracted to @entity0 when given the choice between @entity0 and a solvent control. However, fecal matter from healthy hosts, with the addition of @entity0 , was not attractive to ticks, suggesting that @entity0 interacts with other, undetected compounds in mediating attraction. This study implies that it is the attraction to fecal odor that causes higher tick burdens in sick hedgehogs. Ticks might benefit from this preference by avoiding possible repulsion mechanisms of healthy hosts. We suggest that ticks potentially choose their host based on odor linked to the host's health status.

title: The fecal odor of sick hedgehogs ( XXXX ) mediates olfactory attraction of the tick @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Parasite loads of animals vary among individuals, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully identified. Here, we investigated whether health status of hedgehogs ( @entity1 ) is correlated with tick burden, and whether chemical cues linked to the health status of the host mediate attraction of the tick @entity2 . An ecological survey conducted over 10 years, involving 226 wild hedgehogs, revealed a strong association between health status and tick burden of hedgehogs, with healthy animals being less likely to carry ticks than unhealthy ones. Behavioral choice tests demonstrated that ticks display a preference for the fecal odor from sick hedgehogs compared with healthy ones. Chemical analysis of fecal odors using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed differences in the odor profile between sick and healthy hedgehogs. Sick animals tended to exhibit raised levels of the volatile aromatic heterocyclic compound @entity0 in their feces. Ticks were attracted to @entity0 when given the choice between @entity0 and a solvent control. However, fecal matter from healthy hosts, with the addition of @entity0 , was not attractive to ticks, suggesting that @entity0 interacts with other, undetected compounds in mediating attraction. This study implies that it is the attraction to fecal odor that causes higher tick burdens in sick hedgehogs. Ticks might benefit from this preference by avoiding possible repulsion mechanisms of healthy hosts. We suggest that ticks potentially choose their host based on odor linked to the host's health status.

title: The fecal odor of sick hedgehogs ( @entity1 ) mediates olfactory attraction of the tick XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Magnetic nanoparticle mediated low heat @entity1 (42~45( o )C) via alternating electromagnetic (AEM) energy is a promising, @entity0 specific and minimally-invasive @entity0 therapy. @entity2 particles frequently used for this therapy are non-toxic and already used as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. One important issue in the @entity1 is applying an appropriate amount of @entity0 at various sizes and depths, with a minimal damage to normal tissue. For the therapy to be desirable, the AEM energy applicator needs to be non-invasive and user-friendly. To better understand the effect of the probe on the magnetic field distribution, computer simulation was performed for the field distribution by probes with various configurations. In a solenoid-type probe, the field is mainly inside the probe and, therefore, is difficult to use on body. A pancake-shaped probe is easy to use but the field penetration is shallow and, thus, may better serve surface @entity0 treatment. A sandwich probe, composed of two pancake probes, has a penetration depth deeper than a pancake probe. The results also showed that the spacing between two adjacent coils and the number of coil turns are very important for controlling the field penetration depth and strength. Experiments were also performed to study the effects of the size and concentration of @entity2 nanoparticles on heating. Among the tested particle sizes of 10~50 nm, 30 nm particles showed the best heating for the same mass.

title: Effect of AEM energy applicator configuration on magnetic nanoparticle mediated XXXX for breast cancer.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Candida is a saprophytic @entity4 that is frequently recovered from the respiratory tract. Most @entity2 are due to Aspergillus species growing inside an existing cavity. The saprophytic nature of the Candida species in the @entity0 respiratory tract obscures diagnosis of @entity3 . Only a few cases of @entity6 due to Can-dida have been reported. We report a case of @entity6 caused by @entity5 in a @entity1 @entity0 . Diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and certain points strongly favoured the diagnosis. The @entity0 was immunocompromised due to uncontrolled @entity1 . @entity5 was grown from bronchial and repeatedly from sputum samples and Candida antigen was positive from blood in high titre. There was a good clinical as well as radiological response to antifungal therapy and Candida antigen became negative. We emphasize that in the immunosuppressed host, a @entity6 -like lesion may be caused by Candida @entity3 .

title: XXXX presenting as @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Candida is a saprophytic @entity4 that is frequently recovered from the respiratory tract. Most @entity2 are due to Aspergillus species growing inside an existing cavity. The saprophytic nature of the Candida species in the @entity0 respiratory tract obscures diagnosis of @entity3 . Only a few cases of @entity6 due to Can-dida have been reported. We report a case of @entity6 caused by @entity5 in a @entity1 @entity0 . Diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and certain points strongly favoured the diagnosis. The @entity0 was immunocompromised due to uncontrolled @entity1 . @entity5 was grown from bronchial and repeatedly from sputum samples and Candida antigen was positive from blood in high titre. There was a good clinical as well as radiological response to antifungal therapy and Candida antigen became negative. We emphasize that in the immunosuppressed host, a @entity6 -like lesion may be caused by Candida @entity3 .

title: @entity3 presenting as XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Although @entity0 @entity12 ( @entity12 ) could provide a useful approach for cellular protection in the @entity3 heart, constitutive overexpression of @entity12 may lead to unwanted side effects. To avoid this, we designed a @entity6 -regulated @entity12 gene therapy system that can be switched on and off. This vigilant plasmid system is composed of @entity13 promoter and a gene switch that is based on an @entity2 -dependent degradation domain from the @entity6 inducible factor-1-alpha. The vector can sense @entity3 and switch on the @entity12 gene system, specifically in the heart. In an in vivo experiment, the vigilant @entity12 plasmid or saline was injected intramyocardially into @entity7 @entity1 or sham operation @entity1 . After gene transfer, expression of @entity12 was only detected in the @entity3 heart treated with vigilant @entity12 plasmids. Masson trichrome staining showed significantly fewer fibrotic areas in vigilant @entity12 plasmids-treated @entity1 compared with saline control (43.0%+/-4.8% versus 62.5%+/-3.3%, P<0.01). The reduction of interstitial @entity4 is accompanied by an increase in myocardial @entity12 expression in peri- @entity8 border areas, concomitant with higher @entity9 levels and lower @entity10 , @entity11 , and @entity5 levels in the @entity3 compared with saline control. By use of a cardiac catheter, heart from vigilant @entity12 plasmids-treated @entity1 showed improved recovery of contractile and diastolic performance after @entity7 compared with saline control. This study documents the beneficial regulation and therapeutic potential of vigilant plasmid-mediated @entity12 gene transfer. This novel gene transfer strategy can provide cardiac-specific protection from future repeated bouts of @entity3 .

title: Protection from XXXX heart injury by a vigilant heme oxygenase-1 plasmid system.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Intrasplenic metastases from @entity2 cannot be always demonstrated intraoperatively. CT is the most important imaging modality of choice for staging and follow-up @entity2 ; in this study we searched CT appearances of intrasplenic metastases from @entity2 . We retrospectively reviewed imaging histories of the @entity0 with @entity2 from the radiology information system, and found 12 @entity0 with intrasplenic @entity1 . All @entity0 underwent abdominal CT with 16-MDCT. We searched number, density and maximum diameters of splenic @entity1 . The growing rate of three lesions, which were followed up by CT, was calculated. Serum cancer antigen (CA) 125 levels were noted. We also evaluated clinical history and pathology reports of all @entity0 . Splenic metastases, solitary or multiple, were detected most frequently during the follow-up (1-14 years after initial diagnosis) and most were associated with other sites of recurrence. The diameters of lesions ranged from 4 to 85mm. All lesions appeared hypodense except for one lesion with dense @entity3 . Densities of lesions ranged from 12 to 208 Hounsfield units (mean, 49  51HU). Most lesions appeared as solid well-defined nodules; however some lesions had lobulated and irregular contours with an infiltrative pattern. The growing rates of three lesions were 0.72mm/month, 1.75mm/month and 2.70mm/month. Eight @entity0 had elevated serum CA 125 levels (40-1256U/mL). We concluded that CT can demonstrate intraparenchymal and infiltrative splenic @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 even in the absence of increased CA 125 levels.

title: CT diagnosis of intrasplenic XXXX from @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Intrasplenic metastases from @entity2 cannot be always demonstrated intraoperatively. CT is the most important imaging modality of choice for staging and follow-up @entity2 ; in this study we searched CT appearances of intrasplenic metastases from @entity2 . We retrospectively reviewed imaging histories of the @entity0 with @entity2 from the radiology information system, and found 12 @entity0 with intrasplenic @entity1 . All @entity0 underwent abdominal CT with 16-MDCT. We searched number, density and maximum diameters of splenic @entity1 . The growing rate of three lesions, which were followed up by CT, was calculated. Serum cancer antigen (CA) 125 levels were noted. We also evaluated clinical history and pathology reports of all @entity0 . Splenic metastases, solitary or multiple, were detected most frequently during the follow-up (1-14 years after initial diagnosis) and most were associated with other sites of recurrence. The diameters of lesions ranged from 4 to 85mm. All lesions appeared hypodense except for one lesion with dense @entity3 . Densities of lesions ranged from 12 to 208 Hounsfield units (mean, 49  51HU). Most lesions appeared as solid well-defined nodules; however some lesions had lobulated and irregular contours with an infiltrative pattern. The growing rates of three lesions were 0.72mm/month, 1.75mm/month and 2.70mm/month. Eight @entity0 had elevated serum CA 125 levels (40-1256U/mL). We concluded that CT can demonstrate intraparenchymal and infiltrative splenic @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 even in the absence of increased CA 125 levels.

title: CT diagnosis of intrasplenic @entity1 from XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the potential of inhibition of @entity11 as a treatment for @entity7 . A highly selective @entity11 inhibitor, @entity12 , was shown to upregulate levels of the @entity11 substrate, invariant chain Lip10, in vitro as well as in vivo in C57Bl/6 @entity1 after oral administration. Functional activity of the compound was shown by a reduction in the OVA-specific response of OVA-sensitized splenocytes from C57Bl/6 @entity1 as well as from OVA-TCR @entity1 (DO11.10). Since these studies revealed a selective suppression of the @entity6 and Th17 cytokines causing a shift to @entity2 , @entity12 was tested in the @entity1 HC-gp39-immunization model. Indeed, @entity12 specifically reduced the circulating HC-gp39-specific @entity10 in these @entity1 indicating selective inhibition of the @entity6 type of response in vivo. The importance of especially the @entity6 and Th17 cell subsets in the pathology of @entity7 , renders @entity5 inhibition a highly interesting potential therapeutic treatment of @entity7 . Therefore, @entity12 was tested in a @entity1 model of @entity0 (i.e. @entity9 ( @entity9 )) in a semi-therapeutic setting (ie. oral treatment after initial sensitization to antigen). Finally, in a @entity1 model with features resembling @entity4 (the @entity8 ( @entity8 ) model), @entity12 was tested in a therapeutic manner (after disease development). @entity12 caused a significant @entity3 score in both disease models, indicating a promising role for @entity5 inhibitors in the area of therapeutic treatments for @entity7 .

title: Therapeutic dosing of an orally active, selective @entity11 inhibitor suppresses disease in models of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the potential of inhibition of @entity11 as a treatment for @entity7 . A highly selective @entity11 inhibitor, @entity12 , was shown to upregulate levels of the @entity11 substrate, invariant chain Lip10, in vitro as well as in vivo in C57Bl/6 @entity1 after oral administration. Functional activity of the compound was shown by a reduction in the OVA-specific response of OVA-sensitized splenocytes from C57Bl/6 @entity1 as well as from OVA-TCR @entity1 (DO11.10). Since these studies revealed a selective suppression of the @entity6 and Th17 cytokines causing a shift to @entity2 , @entity12 was tested in the @entity1 HC-gp39-immunization model. Indeed, @entity12 specifically reduced the circulating HC-gp39-specific @entity10 in these @entity1 indicating selective inhibition of the @entity6 type of response in vivo. The importance of especially the @entity6 and Th17 cell subsets in the pathology of @entity7 , renders @entity5 inhibition a highly interesting potential therapeutic treatment of @entity7 . Therefore, @entity12 was tested in a @entity1 model of @entity0 (i.e. @entity9 ( @entity9 )) in a semi-therapeutic setting (ie. oral treatment after initial sensitization to antigen). Finally, in a @entity1 model with features resembling @entity4 (the @entity8 ( @entity8 ) model), @entity12 was tested in a therapeutic manner (after disease development). @entity12 caused a significant @entity3 score in both disease models, indicating a promising role for @entity5 inhibitors in the area of therapeutic treatments for @entity7 .

title: Therapeutic dosing of an orally active, selective XXXX inhibitor suppresses disease in models of @entity7 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: PURPOSE: The Lyon R90-01 randomized trial investigated whether the interval between preoperative radiation therapy and surgery influenced @entity1 outcome. Long-term results are reported here after a median follow-up of 17  years. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between February 1991 and December 1995, 210 @entity0 from 29 French centers were randomly assigned (ratio of 1:1) to groups that waited either 2  weeks (short interval [SI]) or 6 to 8  weeks ( @entity2 [ @entity2 ]) between neoadjuvant radiation therapy and surgery. The primary endpoint was sphincter-preserving surgery. RESULTS: @entity2 group showed a better pathologic response (complete response or few residual cells) after radiation therapy than the SI group (26% vs 10.3%, P=.015). A better pathologic response was associated in multivariate analysis with significant improvement of overall survival (pT: P=.0293 and pN: P=.0048) but it was irrespective of the interval duration. The median follow-up was 17.2  years. The 5-, 10-, 15-, and 17-year overall survival rates were, respectively, 66.8%, 48.7%, 40.0%, and 34.0% for the SI group and, respectively, 67.1%, 53.5%, 41.9%, and 34.0% for the @entity2 group. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of survival (P=.7656) or local recurrence rates (SI: 14.4% vs @entity2 : 12.1%, respectively; P=.6202). Of 24 local disease recurrences, 20 (83%) occurred during the first 2 postoperative years, and all but one (96%) occurred during the first 5 postoperative years. The rate of second new @entity1 was 9.4% (19 @entity0 ). CONCLUSIONS: The radiation-induced sterilization rate of the preoperative @entity1 specimen was a marker of good prognosis. The interval duration (the treatment being the same) although it is modifying the sterilization rate has no impact on survival. Radiation therapy did not postpone local recurrence, because the rate of local relapse after 5  years was low. @entity3 after radiation therapy were unusual and should not influence treatment decisions in adults.

title: Pathologic Response, When Increased by Longer Interval, Is a Marker but Not the Cause of  Good Prognosis in XXXX : 17-year Follow-up of the Lyon R90-01 Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is associated with @entity1 and infection, and it may involve the loss of a barrier to ascending infection from the vagina, and it is possible that prolonged @entity6 could be an independent risk factor for @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine whether prolonged latency after @entity6 is associated with an increased risk of @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: This secondary analysis of the randomized controlled trial of @entity5 for the prevention of @entity3 evaluated whether the time interval between diagnosis of @entity6 and delivery was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 . Latency time was categorized by weeks of latency (0 weeks to >=  4 weeks). The primary outcome was confirmed @entity2 . Logistic regression was used to control for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 1596 @entity0 with @entity6 were analyzed, of whom 1390 had a < 4-week interval and 206 had an interval of >=  4 weeks. @entity2 occurred in 15.5% of @entity0 in the cohort. In the univariate analysis, @entity0 in the prolonged @entity6 group were less likely to have @entity2 (6.8% vs 17.2%, relative risk, 0.40 95% confidence interval, 0.24-0.66). This relationship was retained in the multivariable model; @entity0 with prolonged @entity6 >=  4 weeks had an adjusted odds ratio of 0.21 (95% confidence interval, 0.10-0.41) for @entity2 . @entity2 was also significantly associated with earlier gestational age at @entity4 . CONCLUSION: Prolonged exposure to an intrauterine environment of @entity6 does not increase the risk of @entity2 ; prolonged @entity6 >=  4 weeks was associated with decreased risk of @entity2 .

title: Prolonged latency of preterm premature XXXX and risk of @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is associated with @entity1 and infection, and it may involve the loss of a barrier to ascending infection from the vagina, and it is possible that prolonged @entity6 could be an independent risk factor for @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine whether prolonged latency after @entity6 is associated with an increased risk of @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: This secondary analysis of the randomized controlled trial of @entity5 for the prevention of @entity3 evaluated whether the time interval between diagnosis of @entity6 and delivery was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 . Latency time was categorized by weeks of latency (0 weeks to >=  4 weeks). The primary outcome was confirmed @entity2 . Logistic regression was used to control for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 1596 @entity0 with @entity6 were analyzed, of whom 1390 had a < 4-week interval and 206 had an interval of >=  4 weeks. @entity2 occurred in 15.5% of @entity0 in the cohort. In the univariate analysis, @entity0 in the prolonged @entity6 group were less likely to have @entity2 (6.8% vs 17.2%, relative risk, 0.40 95% confidence interval, 0.24-0.66). This relationship was retained in the multivariable model; @entity0 with prolonged @entity6 >=  4 weeks had an adjusted odds ratio of 0.21 (95% confidence interval, 0.10-0.41) for @entity2 . @entity2 was also significantly associated with earlier gestational age at @entity4 . CONCLUSION: Prolonged exposure to an intrauterine environment of @entity6 does not increase the risk of @entity2 ; prolonged @entity6 >=  4 weeks was associated with decreased risk of @entity2 .

title: Prolonged latency of preterm premature @entity4 and risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study retrospectively compared the clinical benefits of periarticular multimodal drug injection (PMDI) and continuous femoral @entity3 (CFNB) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: From 2010 to 2012, 520 primary TKAs were performed, and @entity0 were treated with CFNB or PMDI after surgery. @entity0 who underwent simultaneous bilateral TKA were excluded, leaving 185 and 166 @entity0 in the CFNB and PMDI groups, respectively. Numeric rating scale for @entity1 (NRS) scores and analgesic consumption were evaluated to compare the effectiveness of @entity1 control between the groups. Further, range of motion (ROM), extension lag, the time to recovery of functions, and postoperative @entity4 ( @entity4 ) levels were monitored. Complications such as deep @entity2 were assessed. RESULTS: The PMDI group displayed a significantly smaller NRS score on postoperative day (POD) 1 and lower analgesic consumption on PODs 0 and 1. The times to functional recovery were significantly shorter and the extension lag was smaller in the PMDI group. Furthermore, @entity4 levels were lower in the PMDI group by POD 7. No obvious deep infections were noted. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that PMDI induced earlier functional recovery after TKA than CFNB, partially via its analgesic effect.

title: Periarticular multimodal drug injection improves post-operative XXXX and functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In most primary @entity1 , early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (E') decreases with disease progression. To our knowledge, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is the only condition without this phenomenon. OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic and pathophysiologic role of mitral annulus velocity in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: In all, 17 @entity0 with @entity3 (9 @entity0 ; mean age 46.5 +/- 14.3 years), 8 @entity0 with @entity2 (Tamp) (2 @entity0 ; mean age 44.5 +/- 15.0 years), and age- and sex-matched control subjects for @entity3 and Tamp were recruited for the study. Early mitral inflow velocity and E' were obtained while simultaneously recording respiration. In 8 @entity0 with @entity3 and in all @entity0 with Tamp, these measurements were repeated after the relief of constrictive physiology or after pericardiocentesis. RESULTS: In @entity0 with @entity3 , E' was significantly higher than it was for control subjects (12.9 +/- 3.0 cm/s vs 9.8 +/- 2.4 cm/s, P <.01). An E' of 2 cm/s higher than the predicted normal E' could differentiate @entity0 with @entity3 from control subjects with a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 82%. In 12 of 17 @entity0 (71%), inspiratory E' was higher than expiratory E'-the opposite of mitral inflow variation. In 8 @entity0 , E' decreased significantly after the relief of constrictive physiology (13.8 +/- 2.5 cm/s vs 9.3 +/- 3.1 cm/s, P <.05). In contrast, E' in the Tamp group was significantly lower than in the control group (6.8 +/- 1.6 cm/s vs 10.2 +/- 2.5 cm/s, P <.01), did not show significant respiratory variation, and increased significantly after pericardiocentesis (6.8 +/- 1.6 cm/s vs 9.5 +/- 3.0 cm/s, P <.05). CONCLUSION: E' is exaggerated in @entity3 , which is helpful for diagnosis. The opposite phenomenon was noted in Tamp, a dissimilarity that might contribute to different hemodynamics.

title: Unique features of early diastolic mitral annulus velocity in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Harmful @entity2 (HABs) have increasingly occurred worldwide and pose serious threats to water environment safety. In this study, a compound flocculant (CFAL-Chitosan) was developed for HABs mitigation where chitosan was modified by @entity4 @entity0 ash leachate (CFAL). When using optimized dosage of CFAL-Chitosan flocculant, the zeta potential of @entity3 (M.A.) flocs stayed close to zero and algal removal efficiency plateaued over 90% in a wide dosage range from 3 to 6  mg  L(-1). For chitosan without CFAL, removal efficiency peaked at 3  mg  L(-1) with a maximum removal efficiency of 81%, which quickly decreased as the dosage increased (>3  mg  L(-1)) due to the fast reversal of zeta potential. This indicated that CFAL-Chitosan could maintain a better removal efficiency over a wide dosage range as a result of improved charge neutralization compared with the chitosan only treatment. The flocs of CFAL-Chitosan were larger and denser than produced in the presence of chitosan without CFAL. However, excessive CFAL beyond the optimized dose inhibited M.A. removal due to hydrolysis and declining molecular weight of chitosan that weakened the bridging-netting properties, where surface charge reversal happened within a narrow dosage range and the removal-dosage curve became parabolic. The pH and metal residuals that were assumed to pose a threat to the aquatic environment were not significantly affected by adding optimized dosage of CFAL-Chitosan. The study provides a HABs control method using a cheap material of @entity1 . Further studies are needed to check the potential influence of leachable metals and persistent organic pollutants in @entity1 under a wide range of environmental condition.

title: Flocculation of cyanobacterial cells using @entity4 XXXX ash modified chitosan.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Harmful @entity2 (HABs) have increasingly occurred worldwide and pose serious threats to water environment safety. In this study, a compound flocculant (CFAL-Chitosan) was developed for HABs mitigation where chitosan was modified by @entity4 @entity0 ash leachate (CFAL). When using optimized dosage of CFAL-Chitosan flocculant, the zeta potential of @entity3 (M.A.) flocs stayed close to zero and algal removal efficiency plateaued over 90% in a wide dosage range from 3 to 6  mg  L(-1). For chitosan without CFAL, removal efficiency peaked at 3  mg  L(-1) with a maximum removal efficiency of 81%, which quickly decreased as the dosage increased (>3  mg  L(-1)) due to the fast reversal of zeta potential. This indicated that CFAL-Chitosan could maintain a better removal efficiency over a wide dosage range as a result of improved charge neutralization compared with the chitosan only treatment. The flocs of CFAL-Chitosan were larger and denser than produced in the presence of chitosan without CFAL. However, excessive CFAL beyond the optimized dose inhibited M.A. removal due to hydrolysis and declining molecular weight of chitosan that weakened the bridging-netting properties, where surface charge reversal happened within a narrow dosage range and the removal-dosage curve became parabolic. The pH and metal residuals that were assumed to pose a threat to the aquatic environment were not significantly affected by adding optimized dosage of CFAL-Chitosan. The study provides a HABs control method using a cheap material of @entity1 . Further studies are needed to check the potential influence of leachable metals and persistent organic pollutants in @entity1 under a wide range of environmental condition.

title: Flocculation of cyanobacterial cells using XXXX @entity0 ash modified chitosan.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the established therapies for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Spain and to assess compliance with the 2010 UAE guidelines. @entity0 AND METHODS: This was an epidemiological, observational, prospective and multicentre study. Of the 3,918 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 during 2010, only those @entity0 with localised @entity2 were included. Follow-up was ultimately conducted for a minimum of one year from the diagnosis for 3,713 @entity0 (94.77%). The treatment groups assessed were as follows: radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, brachytherapy, active surveillance or observation and experimental local treatment (cryotherapy or other treatment). Compliance with the recommendations of the EAU guidelines was studied, describing the treatment groups according to D'Amico risk stratification criteria (localised [low, intermediate and high risk] and locally advanced), age, @entity3 and Gleason score. RESULTS: By applying the D'Amico criteria, we included 3,641 (92.93%) @entity0 . Based on the UAE recommendations: 1) 68.87% of the @entity0 at low-intermediate risk aged <=65 years underwent radical prostatectomy; 2) 34.51% of the @entity0 >65 years at high risk with locally advanced disease were administered radiation therapy and hormone therapy; 3) 30.36% of the @entity0 at high risk with locally advanced disease were only treated with hormone therapy; 4) 15.20% of the @entity0 at low risk were only treated with brachytherapy; 5) active surveillance or observation was selected for 2.44% of the @entity0 aged <=65 years and for 10.63% of the @entity0 at low-intermediate risk who were>65 years. Lastly, 86.5% of the @entity0 at low risk underwent a single treatment, and 43.62% of the @entity0 at high risk with locally advanced disease underwent combined treatments. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first national European study to evaluate the therapeutic management of localised @entity2 based on the risk group to which the @entity0 belonged. Most young @entity0 ( <=65 years) with low-intermediate risk localised @entity2 were treated with surgery, which adheres to the recommendations of the 2010 UAE guidelines. Various therapeutic combinations have been employed for @entity0 with high-risk, locally advanced @entity1 , revealing the need for a multidisciplinary approach (Controlled-trials.com number: ISRCTN19893319).

title: Treatment trends for clinically XXXX . National population analysis: GESCAP group.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We report on the first screening round in the District of Ferrara, a region of Emilia-Romagna, carried out between March 2005 and March 2007 to illustrate the effort of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) screening from administration and information to therapy and follow-up. After invitation of 38 344 @entity0 aged 50-69 years (28.5%), 19 480 (50.8%) accepted the immunological faecal occult blood test, with 1 149 (6%) resulting positive. One thousand and one individuals (88.2%) who tested positive for immunological faecal occult blood test accepted examination by either colonoscopy (99.5%) or barium enema (0.5%). Out of 996 screenees having a colonoscopy, 231 had low-risk @entity3 (23.2%) and 239 had high-risk @entity3 (24%), and were treated endoscopically (96%) or surgically (4%). Ninety-one @entity1 were diagnosed in 9.1% of colonoscopies (Dukes stadia: A, 58.2%; B, 19.8%; C, 18.7%; D, 3.3%). @entity1 (all in @entity4 ) were treated endoscopically, and the remaining 77 were treated by surgery. One @entity5 @entity0 and 13 of 17 Dukes C @entity0 received adjuvant chemotherapy. Three @entity6 @entity0 had chemotherapy only. During the 2-year study period, 87 screenees had a follow-up colonoscopy: no @entity1 was found in 35 @entity0 initially diagnosed with @entity1 ; low-risk @entity3 were found in 31 of 52 @entity0 with initial high-risk @entity3 . In conclusion, the first @entity2 screening round in Ferrara was easy to organize, had a high acceptance, and detected 91 @entity1 (78% of which were in Dukes stages A and B, compared with only 40% in sporadic @entity2 in the same background population). Chemotherapy was necessary in 17 cases. This report may motivate other health authorities to initiate @entity2 screening campaigns.

title: The first 2 years of XXXX screening in Ferrara, Italy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Investigations on the association between environmental hazards and the development of various types of @entity2 are reviewed. Regarding @entity1 ( @entity1 ) exposure to ionizing radiation is a well-documented risk factor. According to several recent studies exposure to strong electromagnetic fields may be suspected to be of etiologic importance for @entity1 . There is evidence that occupational handling of @entity6 is a risk factor and other organic solvents may also be leukaemogenic. Occupational exposure to petrol products has been proposed to be a risk factor although the hazardous substances have not yet been defined. Results of cytogenetic studies in @entity1 suggest that exposure to certain environmental agents may be associated with relatively specific @entity4 . These results are of interest because it has been proposed that chromosomal rearrangements may play a role in the activation of cellular oncogens. Exposure in utero to ionizing radiation has been proposed to be a risk factor for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 . Unlike @entity1 there seems at present to be little evidence that @entity1 is related to exposure to some chemicals. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) may follow exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation whereas such exposure seems to be of insignificant importance for the development of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). According to some studies an abnormally high incidence of @entity5 may be found among farmers in the USA. These results have not been confirmed in Scandinavian studies. There seems to be little evidence that @entity3 or @entity5 are related to occupational handling of some chemicals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Environmental factors and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: It has been reported that @entity5 (RPM) can induce de novo conversion of the conventional @entity3 (+)Foxp3(-) T cells into @entity3 (+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (iTregs) in transplantation setting. It is not clear whether RPM can similarly generate suppressor CD8(+) T cells to facilitate graft acceptance. In this study, we investigated the ability of short-term RPM treatment in promoting long-term acceptance (LTA) of MHC-mismatched skin allografts by generating a CD8(+) suppressor T-cell population. We found that @entity3 knockout (KO) @entity0 (in C57BL/6 background, H-2(b)) can promptly reject DBA/2 ( @entity7 ) skin allografts with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) being 13 days (p < 0.01). However, a short course RPM treatment in these animals induced LTA with graft @entity1 longer than 100 days. Adoptive transfer of CD8(+) T cells from LTA group into @entity6 ( @entity6 )-deficient @entity0 provided donor-specific protection of DBA/2 skin grafts against cotransferred conventional CD8(+) T cells. Functionally active immunoregulatory CD8(+) T cells also resided in donor skin allografts. Eighteen percent of CD8(+) suppressor T cells expressed @entity8 as measured by flow cytometry, and produced reduced levels of IFN-y, @entity4 , and @entity2 in comparison to CD8(+) effector T cells as measured by ELISA. It is unlikely that CD8(+) suppressor T cells mediated graft protection via @entity2 , as @entity2 /Fc fusion protein impaired RPM-induced LTA in @entity3 KO @entity0 . Our data supported the notion that RPM-induced suppressor CD8(+) T cells home to the allograft and exert donor-specific graft protection.

title: XXXX generates graft-homing @entity0 suppressor CD8(+) T cells that confer donor-specific graft protection.

answer: @entity5


abstract: It has been reported that @entity5 (RPM) can induce de novo conversion of the conventional @entity3 (+)Foxp3(-) T cells into @entity3 (+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (iTregs) in transplantation setting. It is not clear whether RPM can similarly generate suppressor CD8(+) T cells to facilitate graft acceptance. In this study, we investigated the ability of short-term RPM treatment in promoting long-term acceptance (LTA) of MHC-mismatched skin allografts by generating a CD8(+) suppressor T-cell population. We found that @entity3 knockout (KO) @entity0 (in C57BL/6 background, H-2(b)) can promptly reject DBA/2 ( @entity7 ) skin allografts with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) being 13 days (p < 0.01). However, a short course RPM treatment in these animals induced LTA with graft @entity1 longer than 100 days. Adoptive transfer of CD8(+) T cells from LTA group into @entity6 ( @entity6 )-deficient @entity0 provided donor-specific protection of DBA/2 skin grafts against cotransferred conventional CD8(+) T cells. Functionally active immunoregulatory CD8(+) T cells also resided in donor skin allografts. Eighteen percent of CD8(+) suppressor T cells expressed @entity8 as measured by flow cytometry, and produced reduced levels of IFN-y, @entity4 , and @entity2 in comparison to CD8(+) effector T cells as measured by ELISA. It is unlikely that CD8(+) suppressor T cells mediated graft protection via @entity2 , as @entity2 /Fc fusion protein impaired RPM-induced LTA in @entity3 KO @entity0 . Our data supported the notion that RPM-induced suppressor CD8(+) T cells home to the allograft and exert donor-specific graft protection.

title: @entity5 generates graft-homing XXXX suppressor CD8(+) T cells that confer donor-specific graft protection.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity1 , genus Inia, is endemic to the major river basins of northern South America. No previous studies have focused on the genetic structure of this genus. In this work, 96 DNA samples from specimens of this genus were collected in the Orinoco basin (four rivers), the Putumayo River, a tributary of the Colombian Amazon and the Mamor  , and the Tijamuch   and Ipurupuru rivers in theBolivian Amazon. These samples were used to amplify a fragment of 400 bp of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. In addition, 38 of these samples were also used to sequence 600 bp of the mitochondrial @entity2 gene. The analysis of the population structure subdivision with an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed important aspects about the genetic structure of Inia groups fromthese three geographically separate regions. By comparing the control region DNA and @entity2 sequences, distinct types of nonshared haplotypes were observed. The net genetic divergence of control region sequences was 6.53% between the Orinoco and Bolivian rivers, 5.32% between the Putumayo and Bolivian rivers, and 2.50% between the Orinoco and Putumayo rivers. For the @entity2 gene, these values were 2.48%, 2.98%, and 0.06%, respectively. The @entity0 sequences were analyzed phylogenetically using several genetic distance matrices and applying neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony procedures. The results support the proposal to subdivide the Inia genus into at least two evolutionarily significant units: one confined to the Bolivian river basin and the other widely distributed across the Amazon and Orinoco basins.

title: Molecular identification of evolutionarily significant units in the XXXX Inia sp. (Cetacea: Iniidae).

answer: @entity1


abstract: This report is of the technique and results for through-the-scope stent in palliating malignant @entity2 for 17 @entity0 . All procedures were done using conscious sedation and fluoroscopy. Enteral Wallstents with a diameter of 20 mm or 22 mm and length 60 mm or 90 mm were used and delivered over a guidewire through an endoscope with an operating channel of at least 3.7 mm. A total of 18 stents were placed. One stent failed to be deployed. One stent migrated and required insertion of a second stent. One @entity0 required repeat endoscopy to stop bleeding from the @entity1 . Through-the-scope stent relieved obstructive symptoms for 14 (82%) @entity0 . The median @entity3 score improved from 4 to 2 after through-the-scope stent (P=0.001). The median overall survival and hospital-free survival time was 6 weeks (interquartile range, 3-9 weeks) and 4 weeks (interquartile range, 1-7 weeks), respectively. To conclude, through-the-scope stent was safe and feasible, offering an alternative minimal invasive method to palliate obstructive symptoms for @entity0 with inoperable @entity1 causing @entity2 .

title: Through-the-scope stent for malignant XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: While dental pulp undergoes calcification following tooth replantation or transplantation, we actually know little about these mechanisms. We therefore conducted histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of mineralized tissue that formed in the pulp of @entity0 maxillary molar transplanted into abdominal subcutaneous tissue. One, 2, 3, and 4 weeks post-transplantation, the teeth were investigated immunohistochemically using antibodies to @entity1 ( @entity1 ), osteopontin (OPN), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). In the 1st week after transplantation, cell-rich hard tissue was formed at the root apex. At 2 weeks, formations of hard tissue, with few cells in the root canals and bone-like tissue in the coronal pulp chamber, were noted. After 3 and 4 weeks, the amounts of these hard tissues were increased. The immunolocalization of @entity1 , OPN, and @entity2 was seen strongly in coronal and apical hard tissues, but weakly in the root hard tissue. Conversely, @entity3 localized in the root hard tissue, but not in other newly formed hard tissues. At 1 week, @entity4 localized along the periphery of the apical hard tissue and the lower surfaces of root predentin. These results demonstrate that the newly formed hard tissues in the pulp cavity of subcutaneously transplanted molars could be classified into three types, suggesting that these might be formed by type-specific cells.

title: An immunohistochemical study on hard tissue formation in a subcutaneously transplanted XXXX molar.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Colonoscopic polypectomy is preventing @entity2 . Videoendoscopy and new perendoscopic hemostasis techniques make endoscopic polypectomy of large @entity5 an alternative to the surgical approach. This study examined whether complete snare resection of giant @entity5 is feasible and safe and for determining how often surgery is necessary due to invasive @entity1 detected histologically after polypectomy. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study included 59 consecutive @entity0 with 68 @entity5 larger 30 mm in diameter. Snare polypectomy was performed after an endoscopic ultrasound with a miniprobe found no sign of invasive, or, depending on the appearance of the polyp, a @entity3 prophylaxis had been carried out. Acute procedural or delayed @entity3 was treated endoscopically. RESULTS: Of the 68 @entity4 26, mostly pedunculated were resected en bloc (38%) and histologically ensured as completely resected; 42 @entity4 had to be resected by piecemeal technique (62%). Piecemeal resection was performed significantly more often in sessile @entity4 (38/41, 93%) than in pedunculated @entity4 (4/27, 15%, P<0.01). Follow-up colonoscopy after 3 months showed remaining adenomatous tissue of piecemeal-resected @entity4 in 12 cases (28%), which were 12 resected sessile @entity4 (29%) and no case of resected @entity4 . To achieve complete resection of sessile @entity4 a second procedure was necessary significantly more often than for resection of pedunculated @entity4 (12 cases in sessile @entity4 , 18% vs. no case in pedunculated @entity4 ). Remaining adenomatous tissue was removed in all 12 cases during the first follow-up colonoscopy after 3 months, confirmed by a biopsy 6 months after the initial procedure. Overall coexisting @entity1 was found in only 7 @entity4 (12%). Due to high-risk factors only one of them underwent secondary surgical procedure. CONCLUSION: The present study shows that endoscopic snare resection of giant @entity5 is a safe procedure, and that secondary operative measures for managing coexisting @entity1 are rarely necessary.

title: Endoscopic snare resection of large XXXX : how far can we go?

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity7 / @entity8 ( @entity8 ) interaction is important for induction of T cell dependent antibody production and cell-mediated immune responses. Overexpression of @entity7 / @entity8 in the intestinal mucosa is likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). A soluble form of @entity8 (sCD40L) exists in the circulation. This study investigated whether plasma levels of sCD40L are higher in @entity0 with @entity1 than in healthy controls. @entity0 AND METHODS: Plasma levels of sCD40L were measured in 89 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 56 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 17 @entity0 with @entity6 , and 42 healthy controls, using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: In @entity2 @entity0 plasma levels of sCD40L were significantly higher than in healthy controls. @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity6 had higher sCD40L levels than healthy controls, but the differences were not significant. @entity2 @entity0 with @entity5 and/or abscesses (n=38) had significantly higher levels of sCD40L than @entity0 with uncomplicated @entity2 (n=51). Only in @entity0 with uncomplicated @entity2 plasma levels of sCD40L correlated significantly with C-reactive protein and alpha(1)-glycoprotein. In @entity3 @entity0 there was a significant correlation of sCD40L with C-reactive protein. However, there was no significant correlation between plasma sCD40L levels and @entity2 activity index or Rachmilewitz score. CONCLUSION: Elevated plasma levels of sCD40L in @entity2 @entity0 supposedly reflect activation of functional @entity8 in the intestine and might be a marker of intestinal @entity4 .

title: Plasma levels of soluble XXXX ligand are elevated in @entity1 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity7 / @entity8 ( @entity8 ) interaction is important for induction of T cell dependent antibody production and cell-mediated immune responses. Overexpression of @entity7 / @entity8 in the intestinal mucosa is likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). A soluble form of @entity8 (sCD40L) exists in the circulation. This study investigated whether plasma levels of sCD40L are higher in @entity0 with @entity1 than in healthy controls. @entity0 AND METHODS: Plasma levels of sCD40L were measured in 89 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 56 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 17 @entity0 with @entity6 , and 42 healthy controls, using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: In @entity2 @entity0 plasma levels of sCD40L were significantly higher than in healthy controls. @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity6 had higher sCD40L levels than healthy controls, but the differences were not significant. @entity2 @entity0 with @entity5 and/or abscesses (n=38) had significantly higher levels of sCD40L than @entity0 with uncomplicated @entity2 (n=51). Only in @entity0 with uncomplicated @entity2 plasma levels of sCD40L correlated significantly with C-reactive protein and alpha(1)-glycoprotein. In @entity3 @entity0 there was a significant correlation of sCD40L with C-reactive protein. However, there was no significant correlation between plasma sCD40L levels and @entity2 activity index or Rachmilewitz score. CONCLUSION: Elevated plasma levels of sCD40L in @entity2 @entity0 supposedly reflect activation of functional @entity8 in the intestine and might be a marker of intestinal @entity4 .

title: Plasma levels of soluble @entity7 ligand are elevated in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a case of an unusual skin reaction to @entity5 (FAE). CASE SUMMARY: A 68-year-old white @entity0 who was treated with FAE for 4 days for lichen planus developed generalized @entity4 . This was suspected to be an @entity1 drug reaction to FAE, and the treatment was discontinued. After 48-72 hours, the @entity4 resolved completely. An objective causality assessment revealed that the adverse drug event was probable. As skin testing for diagnostic purposes is not feasible with FAE, the drug-related origin of the @entity4 was confirmed by oral rechallenge with FAE. DISCUSSION: The effectiveness of FAE in the systemic treatment of @entity2 has been proven by controlled clinical trials. The compound has been shown to be tolerable and safe even during prolonged treatment. The most frequent adverse effects are gastrointestinal symptoms and @entity3 , which typically occur 4-6 hours after administration of the drug. @entity1 to FAE have not yet been reported. Since the @entity0 was rechallenged with the suspected drug, we could confirm the @entity1 origin of the @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of @entity1 skin reaction should be considered in @entity0 receiving treatment with FAE.

title: XXXX due to @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report a case of an unusual skin reaction to @entity5 (FAE). CASE SUMMARY: A 68-year-old white @entity0 who was treated with FAE for 4 days for lichen planus developed generalized @entity4 . This was suspected to be an @entity1 drug reaction to FAE, and the treatment was discontinued. After 48-72 hours, the @entity4 resolved completely. An objective causality assessment revealed that the adverse drug event was probable. As skin testing for diagnostic purposes is not feasible with FAE, the drug-related origin of the @entity4 was confirmed by oral rechallenge with FAE. DISCUSSION: The effectiveness of FAE in the systemic treatment of @entity2 has been proven by controlled clinical trials. The compound has been shown to be tolerable and safe even during prolonged treatment. The most frequent adverse effects are gastrointestinal symptoms and @entity3 , which typically occur 4-6 hours after administration of the drug. @entity1 to FAE have not yet been reported. Since the @entity0 was rechallenged with the suspected drug, we could confirm the @entity1 origin of the @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of @entity1 skin reaction should be considered in @entity0 receiving treatment with FAE.

title: @entity4 due to XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The antitumor effects of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity3 ( @entity4 ), administered separately or in various combinations, on @entity0 @entity1 cells xenotransplanted into BALB/c @entity2 were studied using the protocol of Battelle's Columbus Laboratories (Ovejera et al., 1978). @entity9 (1,000 mg/kg in 2 divided doses) and @entity5 (50 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 consecutive days from the time when the @entity1 weighed about 100 mg. @entity4 (2 mg/kg) was given i.p. every other day from the same time. Animals treated with either @entity9 or @entity5 alone displayed @entity1 growth comparable to that seen in untreated controls. In @entity2 treated with @entity9 plus @entity5 with or without @entity4 , or in @entity2 treated only with @entity4 , @entity1 growth was significantly lower than in untreated @entity2 . In the group which received only combined @entity9 / @entity5 there was a rapid regrowth of the @entity1 after termination of therapy. @entity1 putrescine levels decreased within 4 days following the administration of @entity9 ; however, @entity8 levels did not decline with either @entity9 or @entity5 treatment even after 7 days. When combined @entity9 / @entity5 was given, there was a significant decline in @entity8 levels 7 days after the initiation of treatment. In contrast, when @entity4 alone was administered, @entity6 and @entity8 levels in the @entity1 did not differ from those in control @entity2 . @entity7 decreased markedly in @entity1 with the combined administration of @entity9 / @entity5 as well as with combined @entity9 / @entity5 / @entity4 , but decreased only slightly when @entity4 alone or @entity4 plus either @entity9 or @entity5 was administered. By the 7th treatment day, DNA biosynthesis in the @entity1 had dropped markedly in all groups except those receiving @entity9 or @entity5 alone.

title: Antitumor effects of two polyamine antimetabolites combined with @entity3 on XXXX @entity1 cells xenotransplanted into @entity2 .

answer: @entity0