abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity0 plant ( @entity0 Mill.) is sensitive to cold, and low field temperatures can result in shortened growth periods and decreased crop yield. Transcription of CRT/DRE-binding factor (CBF) is regulated by @entity7 ( @entity7 ). CBF activates many downstream genes that confer cold tolerance on plants. @entity7 has been used in genetic engineering to improve cold-resistance in several plant species. Here, @entity7 in a plant expression vector was used to transform a tissue-cultured rhubarb @entity0 variety using @entity4 . The transgenic and control plants were compared at 4  C for 0, 24, and 72 h. We measured leaf physiological indicators related to cold resistance, including @entity1 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity5 ) contents, and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and catalase (CAT) activities. At 72 h, the @entity3 content in transgenic plants was significantly lower than in control plants, indicating a lower membrane lipid injury. The @entity5 contents and the CAT and @entity6 activities in the transgenic plants increased significantly compared with those of the control plants. For @entity5 , the increase continued over the prolonged stress exposure, while CAT and @entity6 activities reached peak levels at 24 h. These results are consistent with the roles of @entity5 , CAT, and @entity6 in defending the integrity of plant cells. Our study not only improves the cold resistance of @entity0 , but also provides the foundation for further research on the role of @entity7 as a transcription factor in plant cold resistance.

title: Cloning and transformation of XXXX ( @entity7 ) in @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity0 plant ( @entity0 Mill.) is sensitive to cold, and low field temperatures can result in shortened growth periods and decreased crop yield. Transcription of CRT/DRE-binding factor (CBF) is regulated by @entity7 ( @entity7 ). CBF activates many downstream genes that confer cold tolerance on plants. @entity7 has been used in genetic engineering to improve cold-resistance in several plant species. Here, @entity7 in a plant expression vector was used to transform a tissue-cultured rhubarb @entity0 variety using @entity4 . The transgenic and control plants were compared at 4  C for 0, 24, and 72 h. We measured leaf physiological indicators related to cold resistance, including @entity1 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity5 ) contents, and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and catalase (CAT) activities. At 72 h, the @entity3 content in transgenic plants was significantly lower than in control plants, indicating a lower membrane lipid injury. The @entity5 contents and the CAT and @entity6 activities in the transgenic plants increased significantly compared with those of the control plants. For @entity5 , the increase continued over the prolonged stress exposure, while CAT and @entity6 activities reached peak levels at 24 h. These results are consistent with the roles of @entity5 , CAT, and @entity6 in defending the integrity of plant cells. Our study not only improves the cold resistance of @entity0 , but also provides the foundation for further research on the role of @entity7 as a transcription factor in plant cold resistance.

title: Cloning and transformation of @entity7 ( XXXX ) in @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity1 play a central role in the pathophysiology of @entity4 . Corticosteroids are the gold standard anti-inflammatory agent and may have a role in treating @entity3 . However, concern exists regarding the potential for impaired wound healing and wall thinning. The MEDLINE and PreMEDLINE databases were searched for articles from 1966 through May 2002. A total of 186 articles and 16 English-language publications were identified. A meta-analysis of mortality in controlled trials was performed. Sensitivity analyses and 2 tests for publication bias were used to test the robustness of the results. Sixteen studies involving 3,793 @entity0 were reviewed. Most studies were small (<100 @entity0 ) and revealed conflicting efficacy using surrogate outcome measures, such as @entity5 size. No clear association with @entity2 was observed. Meta-analysis of 11 controlled trials (2,646 @entity0 ) revealed a 26% decrease in mortality with corticosteroids (odds ratio 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59 to 0.94; p = 0.015). Sensitivity analyses limited to large studies and randomized controlled trials revealed odds ratios of 0.76 (95% CI 0.53 to 1.09) and 0.95 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.26), respectively. Two tests revealed no evidence for publication bias. Thus, the review of available clinical studies demonstrated no harm and a possible mortality benefit of corticosteroids in @entity3 .

title: Meta-analysis of corticosteroid treatment in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The value of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is unclear. The noninvasive differentiation of typical @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) mediated by concealed accessory pathway conduction is clinically important, as it helps in counseling and potentially facilitates ablation procedures. One hundred forty-eight ECGs showing narrow QRS complex @entity5 were obtained from @entity0 before successful radiofrequency catheter ablation. An initial 102 ECGs were analyzed by 3 blinded observers to assess the utility of various electrocardiographic findings. No electrocardiographic criteria were found to discriminate between @entity5 mechanisms on 1- to 3-channel Holter/event recorder tracings (n = 32); their interpretation mainly (55%) resulted in an incorrect @entity5 diagnosis. On 12-lead ECGs (n = 70), the 2 @entity3 were accurately diagnosed in 76% of @entity0 ; 5 findings were found to be discriminators of @entity2 mechanism. Predictors of @entity7 were visible P waves in 74% of cases (sensitivity 92%; specificity 64%), @entity6 intervals of > or =100 ms in 91% (sensitivity 84%; specificity 91%), and ST-segment @entity1 of > or =2 mm in 73% of cases (sensitivity 52%; specificity 82%). Pseudo r' waves in lead V(1) and pseudo S waves in the inferior leads during @entity2 predicted @entity4 in 100% of cases (sensitivity 55% and 20%, respectively; specificity 100% for both). Based on these results, we developed a new diagnostic 12-lead electrocardiographic algorithm for pseudo r'/S waves, @entity6 duration, and ST-segment @entity1 during @entity2 . Two observers tested the algorithm in 46 (21 @entity4 ; 25 @entity7 ) additional cases; they correctly diagnosed the @entity5 mechanism in 91% and 87%, respectively. Thus, the stepwise use of diagnostically relevant 12-lead electrocardiographic parameters helps to more accurately differentiate mechanisms of reentrant @entity5 .

title: Electrocardiographic differentiation of typical XXXX from @entity7 mediated by concealed accessory pathway in @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The value of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is unclear. The noninvasive differentiation of typical @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) mediated by concealed accessory pathway conduction is clinically important, as it helps in counseling and potentially facilitates ablation procedures. One hundred forty-eight ECGs showing narrow QRS complex @entity5 were obtained from @entity0 before successful radiofrequency catheter ablation. An initial 102 ECGs were analyzed by 3 blinded observers to assess the utility of various electrocardiographic findings. No electrocardiographic criteria were found to discriminate between @entity5 mechanisms on 1- to 3-channel Holter/event recorder tracings (n = 32); their interpretation mainly (55%) resulted in an incorrect @entity5 diagnosis. On 12-lead ECGs (n = 70), the 2 @entity3 were accurately diagnosed in 76% of @entity0 ; 5 findings were found to be discriminators of @entity2 mechanism. Predictors of @entity7 were visible P waves in 74% of cases (sensitivity 92%; specificity 64%), @entity6 intervals of > or =100 ms in 91% (sensitivity 84%; specificity 91%), and ST-segment @entity1 of > or =2 mm in 73% of cases (sensitivity 52%; specificity 82%). Pseudo r' waves in lead V(1) and pseudo S waves in the inferior leads during @entity2 predicted @entity4 in 100% of cases (sensitivity 55% and 20%, respectively; specificity 100% for both). Based on these results, we developed a new diagnostic 12-lead electrocardiographic algorithm for pseudo r'/S waves, @entity6 duration, and ST-segment @entity1 during @entity2 . Two observers tested the algorithm in 46 (21 @entity4 ; 25 @entity7 ) additional cases; they correctly diagnosed the @entity5 mechanism in 91% and 87%, respectively. Thus, the stepwise use of diagnostically relevant 12-lead electrocardiographic parameters helps to more accurately differentiate mechanisms of reentrant @entity5 .

title: Electrocardiographic differentiation of typical @entity4 from XXXX mediated by concealed accessory pathway in @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The value of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is unclear. The noninvasive differentiation of typical @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) mediated by concealed accessory pathway conduction is clinically important, as it helps in counseling and potentially facilitates ablation procedures. One hundred forty-eight ECGs showing narrow QRS complex @entity5 were obtained from @entity0 before successful radiofrequency catheter ablation. An initial 102 ECGs were analyzed by 3 blinded observers to assess the utility of various electrocardiographic findings. No electrocardiographic criteria were found to discriminate between @entity5 mechanisms on 1- to 3-channel Holter/event recorder tracings (n = 32); their interpretation mainly (55%) resulted in an incorrect @entity5 diagnosis. On 12-lead ECGs (n = 70), the 2 @entity3 were accurately diagnosed in 76% of @entity0 ; 5 findings were found to be discriminators of @entity2 mechanism. Predictors of @entity7 were visible P waves in 74% of cases (sensitivity 92%; specificity 64%), @entity6 intervals of > or =100 ms in 91% (sensitivity 84%; specificity 91%), and ST-segment @entity1 of > or =2 mm in 73% of cases (sensitivity 52%; specificity 82%). Pseudo r' waves in lead V(1) and pseudo S waves in the inferior leads during @entity2 predicted @entity4 in 100% of cases (sensitivity 55% and 20%, respectively; specificity 100% for both). Based on these results, we developed a new diagnostic 12-lead electrocardiographic algorithm for pseudo r'/S waves, @entity6 duration, and ST-segment @entity1 during @entity2 . Two observers tested the algorithm in 46 (21 @entity4 ; 25 @entity7 ) additional cases; they correctly diagnosed the @entity5 mechanism in 91% and 87%, respectively. Thus, the stepwise use of diagnostically relevant 12-lead electrocardiographic parameters helps to more accurately differentiate mechanisms of reentrant @entity5 .

title: Electrocardiographic differentiation of typical @entity4 from @entity7 mediated by concealed accessory pathway in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Until recently intra- @entity6 following surgery for @entity2 has remained a frequent occurrence. In 1975 Fowler reported an incidence of one @entity9 in 36 @entity2 treated with a protocol consisting of saline irrigation at surgery, followed by intraperitoneal administration of @entity11 q. 6 hours for 48 hours. The same antibiotic was then given i.v. for 72 hours. He concluded that this method was an effective way to minimize post-op @entity9 , and that the intraperitoneal route was more effective, for this purpose, than systemic administration. More recently, with better knowledge of the role of anaerobes, improved results have also been obtained by adding @entity8 or @entity5 to the antibiotic regimen. A prospective study based on two groups of @entity0 randomly assigned to two protocols was undertaken. The study group consisted of 45 @entity0 operated for @entity2 with @entity3 or generalized @entity1 . These @entity0 were treated with Fowler's protocol. Because it is less nephrotoxic and is active against the same organisms, @entity10 was used instead of @entity11 . The control group consisted of 43 @entity0 , also operated for @entity2 , treated with saline irrigation at surgery, with either i.v. @entity4 or @entity7 and @entity8 or @entity5 for an average of 7.8 +/- 3.1 days. Both groups were fairly well matched in terms of age, sex, severity of disease, and bacterial flora. They showed an identical 6% post-op intra- @entity6 rate. Days before afebrile, days under gastric suction, complications and average hospital stay were comparable in both groups. The wound infection rate was 20% in the study group and 9% in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Treatment of acute @entity2 with intraperitoneal XXXX ].

answer: @entity10


abstract: Until recently intra- @entity6 following surgery for @entity2 has remained a frequent occurrence. In 1975 Fowler reported an incidence of one @entity9 in 36 @entity2 treated with a protocol consisting of saline irrigation at surgery, followed by intraperitoneal administration of @entity11 q. 6 hours for 48 hours. The same antibiotic was then given i.v. for 72 hours. He concluded that this method was an effective way to minimize post-op @entity9 , and that the intraperitoneal route was more effective, for this purpose, than systemic administration. More recently, with better knowledge of the role of anaerobes, improved results have also been obtained by adding @entity8 or @entity5 to the antibiotic regimen. A prospective study based on two groups of @entity0 randomly assigned to two protocols was undertaken. The study group consisted of 45 @entity0 operated for @entity2 with @entity3 or generalized @entity1 . These @entity0 were treated with Fowler's protocol. Because it is less nephrotoxic and is active against the same organisms, @entity10 was used instead of @entity11 . The control group consisted of 43 @entity0 , also operated for @entity2 , treated with saline irrigation at surgery, with either i.v. @entity4 or @entity7 and @entity8 or @entity5 for an average of 7.8 +/- 3.1 days. Both groups were fairly well matched in terms of age, sex, severity of disease, and bacterial flora. They showed an identical 6% post-op intra- @entity6 rate. Days before afebrile, days under gastric suction, complications and average hospital stay were comparable in both groups. The wound infection rate was 20% in the study group and 9% in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Treatment of acute XXXX with intraperitoneal @entity10 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The Average Daily Risk Range (ADRR) is a measure of glycemic variability (GV) developed for adults with @entity0 . Although the ADRR is increasingly being reported in pediatric @entity0 research and may also be used in clinical management, it has never been examined for its sensitivity to predicting @entity3 in youths or compared for its predictive ability with other measures of GV in youths. Thus, we present predictive validity data for the ADRR in youths with type 1 @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Glucometer data for 436 youths (mean age, 11.8  3.8 years) were collected from a clinical database. Using these data, we computed the ADRR, SD of blood @entity1 , coefficient of variation of blood @entity1 , Low Blood @entity1 Index, High Blood @entity1 Index, the percentage of @entity1 values >= 70 and  <=180   mg/dL, the percentage of high @entity1 values >180   mg/dL and >400   mg/dL, and the percentage of low @entity1 values <70   mg/dL and <40   mg/dL in Month 1. We then compared these with episodes of hypo- and @entity4 in Month 2. RESULTS: The ADRR showed good concurrent validity with other measures of GV in youths experiencing @entity2 events but limited predictive validity in general and specifically with future hypoglycemic events. The percentages of current hyper- and hypoglycemic episodes appeared to be stronger predictors of future hyper- and hypoglycemic episodes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In a large pediatric sample, the ADRR was not the strongest predictor of future glycemic excursion. The percentages of current hyper- and hypoglycemic episodes appear to be stronger predictors.

title: Evaluation of the Average Daily Risk Range as a Measure of Glycemic Variability in Youths with Type 1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Wide resection is an acceptable alternative to amputation for the management of primary @entity3 of the long bones or pelvis. The resected bone can be debrided of gross @entity2 tissue, autoclaved, and then replaced over intramedullary fixation to reconstruct the limb anatomically. The procedure can be combined with prosthetic reconstruction of adjacent joints with sufficient strength to allow early unprotected weight-bearing. Resection and replacement for 28 low-grade (G1) and 14 selected high-grade (G2) @entity3 were performed in 42 @entity0 . The hemipelvis was resected and replaced four times, the proximal or distal femur 28 times, the proximal or distal tibia eight times, and the proximal humerus two times. Replacement of an adjacent joint, most commonly using a long-stemmed hip or knee prosthesis, was accomplished in 33 @entity0 . All @entity0 had been followed for a minimum of two years, nine months after treatment. The mean follow-up period is four years, ten months. Six individuals, all with high-grade @entity3 , developed @entity2 -related complications. Two evidenced a local recurrence of @entity2 , and four developed distant @entity1 . None of the @entity0 with low-grade @entity3 developed a recurrence or @entity1 . Fifteen @entity0 suffered complications unrelated to @entity2 control; 13 required reoperation, including two who required amputations for persistent @entity5 and graft @entity4 , respectively. There was one other @entity4 , successfully eradicated by drainage followed by local and systemic antibiotics. Due to mechanical failure or loosening, six @entity0 were treated by successful revision of their joint arthroplasties. Two years after initial surgery, five @entity0 had failures of union at the graft-host junction. Four healed after cancellous grafting and one was revised to a custom prosthesis. There were no late @entity6 of the grafts. The technique does not compromise the margins for adequate @entity2 resection. It preserves a graft strong enough to support a joint arthroplasty and to allow early weight-bearing with a low risk of @entity5 or @entity6 .

title: Limb salvage and prosthetic joint reconstruction for low-grade and selected high-grade XXXX of bone after wide resection and replacement by autoclaved [corrected] autogeneic grafts.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the clinical and radiological features of 73 cases of trigeminal @entity2 treated with radical surgery. METHODS: The records for 73 @entity0 with trigeminal @entity2 who were surgically treated in the neurosurgery department of King Edward VII Memorial Hospital and Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College (Mumbai, India), between 1989 and 2001, were retrospectively analyzed. The appropriateness of the selected surgical route was studied. The postoperative and follow-up data for the @entity0 were analyzed, to determine the outcomes of radical surgery. RESULTS: In addition to the other presenting features of trigeminal @entity2 , nine @entity0 presented with the rarely reported symptom of pathological laughter. Three approaches were observed to be appropriate for treatment of these @entity1 , i.e., the infratemporal fossa interdural approach, the lateral basal subtemporal approach, and the retrosigmoid approach. In 51 cases (70%), total @entity1 excision was achieved. Two @entity0 died during the postoperative period. With an average follow-up period of 38 months, there has been a recurrence in 1 case and 71 @entity0 are leading independent and active lives. CONCLUSION: Radical surgery is associated with excellent clinical outcomes and long-term @entity1 control. A majority of @entity1 , even those that are large and multicompartmental, can be removed in a single surgical stage and exposure.

title: Trigeminal XXXX : analysis of surgical experience with 73 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE: Anterior cruciate @entity1 often incur major consequences for athletes. Elevated @entity2 levels are likely increase the risk for injury. This risk may be partially or fully mitigated by the use of @entity3 . The purpose of this study was to determine if @entity0 undergoing anterior cruciate ligament surgical reconstruction were less likely to use @entity3 than matched noninjured population. METHODS: This is a case-control study utilizing national insurance claims data from 2002 TO 2012. @entity0 included @entity0 age 15-39 yr. Cases were defined as those receiving surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament between 2002 and 2012. Controls were matched 3/1 to cases. Exposure to @entity3 was defined as the presence of any prescription fill for @entity3 during the previous 12 months to index date. Conditional multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios for the use of @entity3 . RESULTS: @entity0 age 15-19 yr undergoing surgical repair of the anterior cruciate ligament were 18% less likely to use @entity3 than matched controls (adjusted odds ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.75-0.91; P < 0.0001). Cases among two older age groups, 25-29 and 30-34 yr, were more likely to use @entity3 than controls with adjusted odds ratios of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.02-1.30; P < 0.05) and 1.16 (95% CI, 1.04-1.31; P < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The use of @entity3 potentially modifies anterior cruciate @entity1 risk in young @entity0 . Despite reports that athletes, who are more prone to anterior cruciate @entity1 , use @entity3 at about twice the rate of nonathletes, these data suggest that @entity0 ages 15-19 yr undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction used @entity3 at a lower rate than the general population.

title: Effects of Oral Contraceptive Use on Anterior Cruciate XXXX Epidemiology.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, techniques using fine-caliber instruments (2 or 3 mm in diameter) for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, called minilaparoscopic cholecystectomy (MLC), were reported to be superior to @entity5 ( @entity5 , using 5 mm instruments) in postoperative course and cosmetic outcome. However, the use of MLC to date has been largely restricted to uncomplicated situations. Since @entity5 has been proved to be a safe and efficient technique for acute @entity2 especially if conducted early, this study tests the feasibility and safety of MLC for acute @entity2 . METHODS: Sixty-nine consecutive @entity0 with acute @entity2 were prospectively randomized to minilaparoscopic (n = 38) or conventional laparoscopic (n = 31) cholecystectomy, and the operations were conducted within 2 days of admission whenever possible. Despite different operative techniques, both groups of @entity0 received identical preoperative preparation, evaluation and postoperative care. The two groups were compared for @entity0 characteristics, results of laboratory tests, predictive score for LC difficulties, operative time, operative complications, hospitalization days and need for @entity4 injection for wound @entity1 . RESULTS: The conversion rate was 7.9% (3 of 38) for the MLC group and 6.5% (2 of 31) for the @entity5 group. Nine @entity0 in the MLC group and 7 in the @entity5 group had concomitant @entity3 and underwent endoscopic stone retrieval before operation. The age, sex, predictive score for LC difficulties, preoperative leukocyte count, length of hospital stay and requirement of intramuscular @entity4 injections were similar for both groups of @entity0 , while, the operative times were marginally longer in the MLC group (113.8 +/- 30.8 versus 98.2 +/- 33.2 minutes, P = 0.056). No major complications occurred in either group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of cholecystectomy for acute @entity2 by MLC are as good as those of @entity5 if the operation is performed early, with obvious smaller incisions and minimal complications. MLC is a safe and effective procedure for @entity0 with acute @entity2 , and has an acceptable low conversion rate.

title: Early minilaparoscopic cholecystectomy in @entity0 with acute XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, techniques using fine-caliber instruments (2 or 3 mm in diameter) for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, called minilaparoscopic cholecystectomy (MLC), were reported to be superior to @entity5 ( @entity5 , using 5 mm instruments) in postoperative course and cosmetic outcome. However, the use of MLC to date has been largely restricted to uncomplicated situations. Since @entity5 has been proved to be a safe and efficient technique for acute @entity2 especially if conducted early, this study tests the feasibility and safety of MLC for acute @entity2 . METHODS: Sixty-nine consecutive @entity0 with acute @entity2 were prospectively randomized to minilaparoscopic (n = 38) or conventional laparoscopic (n = 31) cholecystectomy, and the operations were conducted within 2 days of admission whenever possible. Despite different operative techniques, both groups of @entity0 received identical preoperative preparation, evaluation and postoperative care. The two groups were compared for @entity0 characteristics, results of laboratory tests, predictive score for LC difficulties, operative time, operative complications, hospitalization days and need for @entity4 injection for wound @entity1 . RESULTS: The conversion rate was 7.9% (3 of 38) for the MLC group and 6.5% (2 of 31) for the @entity5 group. Nine @entity0 in the MLC group and 7 in the @entity5 group had concomitant @entity3 and underwent endoscopic stone retrieval before operation. The age, sex, predictive score for LC difficulties, preoperative leukocyte count, length of hospital stay and requirement of intramuscular @entity4 injections were similar for both groups of @entity0 , while, the operative times were marginally longer in the MLC group (113.8 +/- 30.8 versus 98.2 +/- 33.2 minutes, P = 0.056). No major complications occurred in either group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of cholecystectomy for acute @entity2 by MLC are as good as those of @entity5 if the operation is performed early, with obvious smaller incisions and minimal complications. MLC is a safe and effective procedure for @entity0 with acute @entity2 , and has an acceptable low conversion rate.

title: Early minilaparoscopic cholecystectomy in XXXX with acute @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe an unusual presentation of @entity4 (FKS; unilateral @entity5 with @entity1 in the other eye) with @entity5 and @entity6 . It is an example of how common clinical features can hide a rare condition or presentation of a disease. @entity4 is uncommon. Therefore, a space-occupying lesion should be suspected when there is @entity5 associated with acute pathology of the other eye. CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old @entity0 presented with hemiretinal @entity6 in his right eye. He had previous @entity5 in his left eye attributed to nonarteritic anterior @entity4 . He lacked cardiovascular or prothrombotic risk factors. Consideration was given whether the presence of contralateral @entity5 was associated with the @entity6 . A computed tomographic scan revealed a suprasellar mass. The @entity2 was excised and identified as @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Although typical FKS would present with @entity5 and contralateral @entity1 secondary to an intracranial mass, in this case, @entity1 was replaced by a @entity6 . In @entity5 that does not show characteristic visual field alterations, typical symptoms, or the classic evolution of a given disease, diagnostic imaging may reveal the etiology. As FKS is uncommon, when there is @entity5 associated with acute pathology of the other eye, a space-occupying lesion should be suspected.

title: XXXX : An Atypical Presentation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of emergency colectomies for the management of @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: This retrospective study was undertaken on 50 cases of @entity2 in the Surgical Department of the Aristide Le Dantec teaching hospital of Dakar from January 1994 to December 2000. It concerned 42 @entity0 and 8 @entity0 with an mean age of 42 years. All @entity0 presented an occlusive syndrome suggestive of @entity2 , which required a laparotomy, through a xypho-pubic incision. The @entity0 were divided into two groups. Group I concerned 13 @entity0 who underwent an ideal colectomy and group II, 37 @entity0 in whom we performed a colectomy associated with a temporary colostomy with either Bouilly-Volkman procedure (n = 23) or Hartman procedure (n = 14) followed one month later by intestinal continuity restoration. Mortality and morbidity were compared in the two groups. RESULTS: The overall mortality rate was 12% (6/50). The mortality rate was 31% (4/13) in group I and 5 % (2/37) in group II. The overall morbidity rate was 14%. In group I, the morbidity rate was 15 % (2/13) and 13,5% (5/37) in group II. CONCLUSION: In our study the mortality rate was higher after colectomy with primary @entity1 than after colectomy with temporary colostomy followed by secondary @entity1 . We recommend colectomy without @entity1 for the emergency management of the @entity2 in Africa.

title: [Results of emergengy colectomy in the management of the XXXX in Dakar hospital].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity7 ) of the kidney are defined as potentially malignant mesenchymal lesions that are closely related to @entity6 . Although approximately 120 cases are published, mostly as case reports with variably used diagnostic criteria, the pathologic prognostic predictors of outcome are unknown. We analyzed the clinicopathologic parameters in a large series of 41 cases of pure @entity6 of the kidney, which we designate as pure (monotypic) epithelioid @entity7 to contrast them from classic @entity6 that are regarded by some as @entity7 . We use the terminology "pure" to separate these cases from those that may have variable epithelioid components. The mean age of the @entity0 was 40.7 years (range, 14 to 68 y). The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Seventy-nine percent of @entity0 were symptomatic at presentation with metastatic disease at onset in 12 cases. Follow-up and/or disease progression information were available for 33 of 41 cases (mean, 44.5 mo and median, 24.5 mo; range, 4 to 240); 9 @entity0 had a history of associated @entity8 . Recurrence and @entity1 were seen in 17% and 49% of @entity0 ; 33% of @entity0 died of disease. Lymph node involvement was seen in 24% of @entity0 ; the liver (63%), lung (25%), and mesentery (18.8%) were the most common metastatic sites. Clinicopathologic parameters associated with disease progression (recurrence, @entity1 , or @entity5 due to disease) in univariate analysis included associated @entity8 complex or concurrent @entity6 (any @entity1 , P=0.046), @entity3 ( @entity1 at diagnosis, P=0.012), @entity2 size >7 cm (progression, P=0.021), extrarenal extension and/or renal vein involvement (progression, P=0.023), and @entity4 -like growth pattern (progression, P=0.040) (the 5 adverse prognostic parameters for @entity7 ). @entity2 with <2 adverse prognostic parameters (13 cases) were considered to be low risk for progression @entity2 , with 15% having disease progression. @entity2 with 2 to 3 adverse prognostic parameters (14 cases) were considered to be "intermediate risk," with 64% having disease progression. @entity2 with more than 4 or more adverse prognostic parameters (6 cases) were considered to be high risk, with all @entity0 having disease progression. Of @entity2 with 3 or more adverse prognostic parameters, 80% had disease progression. An exact logistic regression analytic model showed that only @entity4 -like growth pattern and extrarenal extension and/or renal vein involvement were significant predictors of outcome (P=0.009 and 0.033, respectively). Our data of a large series with uniform definitional criteria confirm the malignant potential for @entity7 and provide adverse prognostic parameters for risk stratification in these @entity0 .

title: XXXX (so-called epithelioid @entity6 ) of the kidney: A clinicopathologic study of 41 cases: detailed assessment of morphology and risk stratification.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity7 ) of the kidney are defined as potentially malignant mesenchymal lesions that are closely related to @entity6 . Although approximately 120 cases are published, mostly as case reports with variably used diagnostic criteria, the pathologic prognostic predictors of outcome are unknown. We analyzed the clinicopathologic parameters in a large series of 41 cases of pure @entity6 of the kidney, which we designate as pure (monotypic) epithelioid @entity7 to contrast them from classic @entity6 that are regarded by some as @entity7 . We use the terminology "pure" to separate these cases from those that may have variable epithelioid components. The mean age of the @entity0 was 40.7 years (range, 14 to 68 y). The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Seventy-nine percent of @entity0 were symptomatic at presentation with metastatic disease at onset in 12 cases. Follow-up and/or disease progression information were available for 33 of 41 cases (mean, 44.5 mo and median, 24.5 mo; range, 4 to 240); 9 @entity0 had a history of associated @entity8 . Recurrence and @entity1 were seen in 17% and 49% of @entity0 ; 33% of @entity0 died of disease. Lymph node involvement was seen in 24% of @entity0 ; the liver (63%), lung (25%), and mesentery (18.8%) were the most common metastatic sites. Clinicopathologic parameters associated with disease progression (recurrence, @entity1 , or @entity5 due to disease) in univariate analysis included associated @entity8 complex or concurrent @entity6 (any @entity1 , P=0.046), @entity3 ( @entity1 at diagnosis, P=0.012), @entity2 size >7 cm (progression, P=0.021), extrarenal extension and/or renal vein involvement (progression, P=0.023), and @entity4 -like growth pattern (progression, P=0.040) (the 5 adverse prognostic parameters for @entity7 ). @entity2 with <2 adverse prognostic parameters (13 cases) were considered to be low risk for progression @entity2 , with 15% having disease progression. @entity2 with 2 to 3 adverse prognostic parameters (14 cases) were considered to be "intermediate risk," with 64% having disease progression. @entity2 with more than 4 or more adverse prognostic parameters (6 cases) were considered to be high risk, with all @entity0 having disease progression. Of @entity2 with 3 or more adverse prognostic parameters, 80% had disease progression. An exact logistic regression analytic model showed that only @entity4 -like growth pattern and extrarenal extension and/or renal vein involvement were significant predictors of outcome (P=0.009 and 0.033, respectively). Our data of a large series with uniform definitional criteria confirm the malignant potential for @entity7 and provide adverse prognostic parameters for risk stratification in these @entity0 .

title: @entity7 (so-called epithelioid XXXX ) of the kidney: A clinicopathologic study of 41 cases: detailed assessment of morphology and risk stratification.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Quality of life (QOL) is a key clinical outcome in @entity0 with @entity1 because of the debilitating nature of the disease and its treatments. In recent years, advances have been made in the assessment of QOL via @entity0 -reported outcomes. A brief history of the evolution of QOL measures in oncology clinical trials and practice is given with specific reference to @entity2 . The role that QOL can play as a prognostic factor, especially among @entity1 @entity0 , is delineated. The most commonly seen symptoms among @entity1 @entity0 are listed. This review is intended to provide the clinical researcher with a summary of the alternative measures that are both valid and reasonable to consider when assessing QOL in @entity2 @entity0 . Suggestions for QOL assessment in both a research setting and clinical environment are considered. A review of the most popular QOL assessments in general application to @entity1 and disease-specific measures is provided. An algorithm for selecting appropriate QOL assessments for @entity1 clinical research is provided. The primary conclusion from this work is that scientifically sound investigations into the QOL of @entity2 @entity0 are feasible and encouraged so that the care of these @entity0 can be optimized.

title: Metrics to assess quality of life after management of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Purpose: @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) adopt various strategies to complete activities of daily living (ADL). Using objective movement analysis, we compared how three ADLs were completed by @entity0 with @entity1 compared with age-matched, visually healthy individuals. Methods: Fourteen @entity0 with @entity1 (age 81    10 years) and 10 age-matched, visually healthy (age 75    5 years) participated. Three ADLs were assessed: pick up food from a plate, pour liquid from a bottle, and insert a key in a lock. @entity0 with @entity1 completed each ADL habitually (as they would in their home). Data were compared with visually healthy @entity0 who were asked to complete the tasks as they would normally, but under specified experimental conditions. Movement kinematics were compared using three-dimension motion analysis (Vicon). Visual functions (distance and near acuities, contrast sensitivity, visual fields) were recorded. Results: All @entity1 @entity0 were able to complete each ADL. However, @entity0 with @entity1 demonstrated significantly (P < 0.05) longer overall movement times, shorter minimum viewing distance, and, for two of the three ADL tasks, needed more online corrections in the latter part of the movement. Conclusions: Results indicate that, despite the adoption of various habitual strategies, @entity0 with @entity1 still do not perform common daily living tasks as efficiently as healthy subjects. Although indices suggesting feed-forward planning are similar, they made more movement corrections and increased time for the latter portion of the action, indicating a more cautious/uncertain approach. Various kinematic indices correlated significantly to visual function parameters including @entity1 .

title: Objective Analysis of Performance of Activities of Daily Living in XXXX With Central Field Loss.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgical repair of @entity4 is still challenging. At birth, @entity0 undergo bladder closure, colostomy, and osteotomy of the pubic bone (if necessary, when the interpubic range is wide and cannot be brought together with the hands). This @entity3 is closed primarily by urologists or pediatric surgeons, if possible, but the @entity0 may experience a relapse of @entity2 and an @entity3 . Abdominal reconstruction was performed for a series of recurrent and primary (preventive) cases. METHODS: Abdominal wall reconstruction was performed using the rectus abdominis and external oblique @entity1 flaps, and reinforcement of the bilateral rectus abdominis muscles in 2 cases of @entity4 @entity0 . One was a recurrent case treated at 7 months old, and the other was done primarily at 2 days after birth. RESULTS: The closure of the abdominal wall was successful and no relapse of @entity2 or @entity3 has occurred. These @entity0 are now undergoing rehabilitation. CONCLUSION: Cloacal exstrophy usually has many serious complications. The abdominal-wall defect is often large and accompanied by a wide detachment of the pubic bone. Even if the simple closure of abdominal wall is possible at birth, it is usually insufficient. Abdominal-wall repair must be done thoroughly, soon after birth, and plastic surgery techniques should be used.

title: Abdominoplasty of XXXX : application of reconstructive methods to recurrent and primary cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pediatric @entity7 is often accompanied by @entity2 , @entity14 , and @entity4 . @entity4 can be managed more effectively with intracranial monitoring, but acute-liver-failure-associated @entity10 is often considered a contraindication for invasive monitoring due to risk for @entity5 . We reviewed our experience with use of early intracranial pressure monitoring in @entity7 in @entity0 listed for liver transplantation. DESIGN AND @entity0 : Retrospective review of all intubated pediatric @entity7 @entity0 with grade III and grade IV @entity1 requiring intracranial pressure monitoring and evaluated for potential liver transplant who were identified from an institutional liver transplant @entity0 database from 1999 to 2009. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 14 @entity0 were identified who met the inclusion criteria. Their ages ranged from 7 months to 20 yrs. Diagnoses of @entity7 were infectious (three), drug-induced (seven), @entity6 (two), and indeterminate (two). Grade III and IV @entity1 was seen in ten (71%) and four (29%) @entity0 , respectively. Computed tomography scans before intracranial pressure monitor placement showed @entity14 in five (35.7%) @entity0 . Before intracranial pressure monitor placement, fresh frozen plasma, @entity11 , and activated recombinant factor VIIa were given to all 14 @entity0 , with significant improvement in @entity10 (p < .04). The initial intracranial pressure ranged from 5 to 50 cm @entity12 ; the intracranial pressure was significantly higher in @entity0 with @entity14 by computed tomography (p < .05). Eleven of 14 (78%) @entity0 received hypertonic saline, and three (22%) received @entity13 for @entity4 . Eight of 14 (56%) monitored @entity0 were managed to liver transplant, with 100% surviving neurologically intact. Four of 14 (28%) @entity0 had spontaneous recovery without liver transplant. Two of 14 (14%) @entity0 died due to @entity8 before transplant. One @entity0 had a small 9-mm @entity9 but survived after receiving a liver transplant. No @entity0 developed @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: In our series of @entity0 , intracranial pressure monitoring had a low complication rate and was associated with a high survival rate despite severe @entity2 and @entity14 in the setting of pediatric @entity7 . In our experience, monitoring of intracranial pressure allowed interventions to treat @entity4 and provided additional information regarding central @entity15 before liver transplant. Further study is warranted to confirm if monitoring allows more directed intracranial pressure therapy and improves survival in pediatric @entity7 .

title: Invasive intracranial pressure monitoring is a useful adjunct in the management of severe XXXX associated with pediatric @entity7 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pediatric @entity7 is often accompanied by @entity2 , @entity14 , and @entity4 . @entity4 can be managed more effectively with intracranial monitoring, but acute-liver-failure-associated @entity10 is often considered a contraindication for invasive monitoring due to risk for @entity5 . We reviewed our experience with use of early intracranial pressure monitoring in @entity7 in @entity0 listed for liver transplantation. DESIGN AND @entity0 : Retrospective review of all intubated pediatric @entity7 @entity0 with grade III and grade IV @entity1 requiring intracranial pressure monitoring and evaluated for potential liver transplant who were identified from an institutional liver transplant @entity0 database from 1999 to 2009. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 14 @entity0 were identified who met the inclusion criteria. Their ages ranged from 7 months to 20 yrs. Diagnoses of @entity7 were infectious (three), drug-induced (seven), @entity6 (two), and indeterminate (two). Grade III and IV @entity1 was seen in ten (71%) and four (29%) @entity0 , respectively. Computed tomography scans before intracranial pressure monitor placement showed @entity14 in five (35.7%) @entity0 . Before intracranial pressure monitor placement, fresh frozen plasma, @entity11 , and activated recombinant factor VIIa were given to all 14 @entity0 , with significant improvement in @entity10 (p < .04). The initial intracranial pressure ranged from 5 to 50 cm @entity12 ; the intracranial pressure was significantly higher in @entity0 with @entity14 by computed tomography (p < .05). Eleven of 14 (78%) @entity0 received hypertonic saline, and three (22%) received @entity13 for @entity4 . Eight of 14 (56%) monitored @entity0 were managed to liver transplant, with 100% surviving neurologically intact. Four of 14 (28%) @entity0 had spontaneous recovery without liver transplant. Two of 14 (14%) @entity0 died due to @entity8 before transplant. One @entity0 had a small 9-mm @entity9 but survived after receiving a liver transplant. No @entity0 developed @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: In our series of @entity0 , intracranial pressure monitoring had a low complication rate and was associated with a high survival rate despite severe @entity2 and @entity14 in the setting of pediatric @entity7 . In our experience, monitoring of intracranial pressure allowed interventions to treat @entity4 and provided additional information regarding central @entity15 before liver transplant. Further study is warranted to confirm if monitoring allows more directed intracranial pressure therapy and improves survival in pediatric @entity7 .

title: Invasive intracranial pressure monitoring is a useful adjunct in the management of severe @entity2 associated with pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the beliefs and attitudes of U.S. neurosurgeons regarding the use of intracranial pressure monitors among @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 . DESIGN AND SETTING: A questionnaire was administered by mail between March and July 2009, to a random sample of 500 adult neurosurgeons and to all 228 pediatric neurosurgeons in the @entity2 . INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The response rate was 60%. Abnormal computed tomography scans, either with @entity1 or @entity6 , and older @entity0 age were likely to prompt neurosurgeons to consider monitoring intracranial pressure, whereas etiology of @entity4 did not impact the decision to monitor intracranial pressure. Fifty-two percent of neurosurgeons believed computed tomography scans were inaccurate in detecting @entity3 in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 , 22% believed otherwise, and 26% were uncertain. Only 25% of neurosurgeons felt there was sufficient medical evidence to monitor intracranial pressure in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 , with higher frequency among adult than pediatric (30% vs. 16%; p < .01) neurosurgeons. Eighty-one percent of neurosurgeons disagreed with the notion that @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 were too ill to benefit from placement of intracranial pressure monitors. Pediatric neurosurgeons reported a higher frequency than adult neurosurgeons of having placed more (more than five) intracranial pressure monitors in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 (42% vs. 28%; p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Most neurosurgeons are willing to consider monitoring intracranial pressure among @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 in the presence of abnormal findings on computed tomography scan and with older @entity0 age. These findings are instructive in view of the current uncertainty and equipoise in clinical practice regarding intracranial pressure monitoring in these critically ill @entity0 .

title: Intracranial pressure monitoring in childhood @entity4 with XXXX : a national survey of neurosurgeons in the United States.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the beliefs and attitudes of U.S. neurosurgeons regarding the use of intracranial pressure monitors among @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 . DESIGN AND SETTING: A questionnaire was administered by mail between March and July 2009, to a random sample of 500 adult neurosurgeons and to all 228 pediatric neurosurgeons in the @entity2 . INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The response rate was 60%. Abnormal computed tomography scans, either with @entity1 or @entity6 , and older @entity0 age were likely to prompt neurosurgeons to consider monitoring intracranial pressure, whereas etiology of @entity4 did not impact the decision to monitor intracranial pressure. Fifty-two percent of neurosurgeons believed computed tomography scans were inaccurate in detecting @entity3 in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 , 22% believed otherwise, and 26% were uncertain. Only 25% of neurosurgeons felt there was sufficient medical evidence to monitor intracranial pressure in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 , with higher frequency among adult than pediatric (30% vs. 16%; p < .01) neurosurgeons. Eighty-one percent of neurosurgeons disagreed with the notion that @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 were too ill to benefit from placement of intracranial pressure monitors. Pediatric neurosurgeons reported a higher frequency than adult neurosurgeons of having placed more (more than five) intracranial pressure monitors in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 (42% vs. 28%; p < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Most neurosurgeons are willing to consider monitoring intracranial pressure among @entity5 @entity0 with @entity4 in the presence of abnormal findings on computed tomography scan and with older @entity0 age. These findings are instructive in view of the current uncertainty and equipoise in clinical practice regarding intracranial pressure monitoring in these critically ill @entity0 .

title: Intracranial pressure monitoring in childhood XXXX with @entity5 : a national survey of neurosurgeons in the United States.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To elucidate the mechanism of glucagon-insulin (G-I) therapy, the effect of insulin and/or glucagon on the @entity2 was studied in an experiment utilizing cultured cells (JTC-16) of @entity0 ascites @entity1 . Insulin specific receptors were present on JTC-16 cells and were similar in nature to the receptors of primary culture @entity0 hepatocytes. There were two kinds of insulin receptors. One had a high insulin affinity and the other had low insulin affinity. In the experiment involving addition of insulin the number of insulin receptors decreased after 24 hrs incubation in proportion to the increase in added insulin concentration. On the other hand, the number of insulin receptors increased with glucagon addition and the increase in proportion to the concentration of glucagon added. In the experiment involving simultaneous addition of insulin and glucagon, a 20% decrease in the number of receptors induced with 10(-9) M insulin was restored to the control level with simultaneous glucagon addition of the same concentration. The number of insulin receptors increased as the concentration of additive glucagon increased. These results show that simultaneous addition of insulin and glucagon inhibits the decrease in number of insulin receptors with insulin alone. These facts may obtain more potent action of insulin in G-I therapy via @entity2 .

title: The effect of insulin and glucagon on the @entity2 of cultured XXXX cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: To elucidate the mechanism of glucagon-insulin (G-I) therapy, the effect of insulin and/or glucagon on the @entity2 was studied in an experiment utilizing cultured cells (JTC-16) of @entity0 ascites @entity1 . Insulin specific receptors were present on JTC-16 cells and were similar in nature to the receptors of primary culture @entity0 hepatocytes. There were two kinds of insulin receptors. One had a high insulin affinity and the other had low insulin affinity. In the experiment involving addition of insulin the number of insulin receptors decreased after 24 hrs incubation in proportion to the increase in added insulin concentration. On the other hand, the number of insulin receptors increased with glucagon addition and the increase in proportion to the concentration of glucagon added. In the experiment involving simultaneous addition of insulin and glucagon, a 20% decrease in the number of receptors induced with 10(-9) M insulin was restored to the control level with simultaneous glucagon addition of the same concentration. The number of insulin receptors increased as the concentration of additive glucagon increased. These results show that simultaneous addition of insulin and glucagon inhibits the decrease in number of insulin receptors with insulin alone. These facts may obtain more potent action of insulin in G-I therapy via @entity2 .

title: The effect of insulin and glucagon on the XXXX of cultured @entity1 cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Twenty-four @entity0 with @entity5 were entered into a prospective, randomized trial of @entity6 therapy. Thirteen @entity0 received @entity6 (0.5-4 mg/day) and 11 @entity0 received no therapy; all have been followed for 2-6 yr (mean, 4.1 yr). Two control but no treated @entity0 died. Average serum @entity4 , serum @entity3 aminotransferase activities, and albumin levels improved or remained unchanged in treated @entity0 but worsened in controls. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels did not change in either group. Immunoglobulin M levels decreased and became normal in all treated @entity0 but in only 3 control @entity0 . Liver biopsy histology revealed an improvement in inflammatory cell infiltrate in treated @entity0 in comparison with controls, but no significant change in degree of @entity1 or the histologic stage of disease. Side effects of therapy included @entity2 necessitating discontinuation of the drug in 4 @entity0 . These findings indicate that @entity6 therapy may retard the progression of @entity5 . Whether such therapy will ultimately decrease morbidity and improve survival in this disease can only be demonstrated by large-scale, placebo-controlled trials.

title: Randomized trial of XXXX for @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Twenty-four @entity0 with @entity5 were entered into a prospective, randomized trial of @entity6 therapy. Thirteen @entity0 received @entity6 (0.5-4 mg/day) and 11 @entity0 received no therapy; all have been followed for 2-6 yr (mean, 4.1 yr). Two control but no treated @entity0 died. Average serum @entity4 , serum @entity3 aminotransferase activities, and albumin levels improved or remained unchanged in treated @entity0 but worsened in controls. Serum alkaline phosphatase levels did not change in either group. Immunoglobulin M levels decreased and became normal in all treated @entity0 but in only 3 control @entity0 . Liver biopsy histology revealed an improvement in inflammatory cell infiltrate in treated @entity0 in comparison with controls, but no significant change in degree of @entity1 or the histologic stage of disease. Side effects of therapy included @entity2 necessitating discontinuation of the drug in 4 @entity0 . These findings indicate that @entity6 therapy may retard the progression of @entity5 . Whether such therapy will ultimately decrease morbidity and improve survival in this disease can only be demonstrated by large-scale, placebo-controlled trials.

title: Randomized trial of @entity6 for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: A @entity0 underwent repair of a @entity10 . Epidural @entity6 , 4 mg, was given for @entity4 relief. After anesthesia, the @entity0 displayed @entity8 . This effect was reversed by @entity7 . The authors sought to confirm these observations using a @entity1 spinal @entity2 model to define the effects of intrathecal @entity6 administered at various times after reflow on behavior and spinal histopathology. METHODS: @entity11 was induced for 6 min using an intraaortic balloon. @entity6 or saline, 30 microg, was injected intrathecally at 0.5, 2, or 24 h after reflow. In a separate group, spinal cord temperature was decreased to 27 degrees C before @entity2 . After @entity2 , recovery of motor function was assessed periodically using the motor deficit index (0 = complete recovery; 6 = complete @entity5 ). RESULTS: After @entity2 , all @entity1 showed near-complete recovery of function by 4-6 h. Intrathecal injection of @entity6 at 0.5 or 2 h of reflow (but not at 24 h) but not saline caused a development of @entity12 and lasted for 4.5 h (motor deficit index score = 4-6). This effect was reversed by intrathecal @entity7 (30 microg). Intrathecal @entity6 administered after hypothermic @entity2 was without effect. Histopathological analysis in animals that received intrathecal @entity6 at 0.5 or 2 h after @entity2 (but not at 24 h) revealed dark-staining alpha motoneurons and interneurons. Intrathecal saline or spinal @entity9 plus @entity6 was without effect. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that during the immediate reflow following a noninjurious interval of spinal @entity2 , intrathecal @entity6 potentiates @entity3 . Reversal by @entity7 suggests that this effect results from an opioid receptor-mediated potentiation of a transient block of inhibitory neurons initiated by spinal @entity2 .

title: Neuraxial @entity6 may trigger transient @entity3 after a noninjurious interval of XXXX : a clinical and experimental study.

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: A @entity0 underwent repair of a @entity10 . Epidural @entity6 , 4 mg, was given for @entity4 relief. After anesthesia, the @entity0 displayed @entity8 . This effect was reversed by @entity7 . The authors sought to confirm these observations using a @entity1 spinal @entity2 model to define the effects of intrathecal @entity6 administered at various times after reflow on behavior and spinal histopathology. METHODS: @entity11 was induced for 6 min using an intraaortic balloon. @entity6 or saline, 30 microg, was injected intrathecally at 0.5, 2, or 24 h after reflow. In a separate group, spinal cord temperature was decreased to 27 degrees C before @entity2 . After @entity2 , recovery of motor function was assessed periodically using the motor deficit index (0 = complete recovery; 6 = complete @entity5 ). RESULTS: After @entity2 , all @entity1 showed near-complete recovery of function by 4-6 h. Intrathecal injection of @entity6 at 0.5 or 2 h of reflow (but not at 24 h) but not saline caused a development of @entity12 and lasted for 4.5 h (motor deficit index score = 4-6). This effect was reversed by intrathecal @entity7 (30 microg). Intrathecal @entity6 administered after hypothermic @entity2 was without effect. Histopathological analysis in animals that received intrathecal @entity6 at 0.5 or 2 h after @entity2 (but not at 24 h) revealed dark-staining alpha motoneurons and interneurons. Intrathecal saline or spinal @entity9 plus @entity6 was without effect. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that during the immediate reflow following a noninjurious interval of spinal @entity2 , intrathecal @entity6 potentiates @entity3 . Reversal by @entity7 suggests that this effect results from an opioid receptor-mediated potentiation of a transient block of inhibitory neurons initiated by spinal @entity2 .

title: Neuraxial @entity6 may trigger transient XXXX after a noninjurious interval of @entity11 : a clinical and experimental study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: A @entity0 underwent repair of a @entity10 . Epidural @entity6 , 4 mg, was given for @entity4 relief. After anesthesia, the @entity0 displayed @entity8 . This effect was reversed by @entity7 . The authors sought to confirm these observations using a @entity1 spinal @entity2 model to define the effects of intrathecal @entity6 administered at various times after reflow on behavior and spinal histopathology. METHODS: @entity11 was induced for 6 min using an intraaortic balloon. @entity6 or saline, 30 microg, was injected intrathecally at 0.5, 2, or 24 h after reflow. In a separate group, spinal cord temperature was decreased to 27 degrees C before @entity2 . After @entity2 , recovery of motor function was assessed periodically using the motor deficit index (0 = complete recovery; 6 = complete @entity5 ). RESULTS: After @entity2 , all @entity1 showed near-complete recovery of function by 4-6 h. Intrathecal injection of @entity6 at 0.5 or 2 h of reflow (but not at 24 h) but not saline caused a development of @entity12 and lasted for 4.5 h (motor deficit index score = 4-6). This effect was reversed by intrathecal @entity7 (30 microg). Intrathecal @entity6 administered after hypothermic @entity2 was without effect. Histopathological analysis in animals that received intrathecal @entity6 at 0.5 or 2 h after @entity2 (but not at 24 h) revealed dark-staining alpha motoneurons and interneurons. Intrathecal saline or spinal @entity9 plus @entity6 was without effect. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that during the immediate reflow following a noninjurious interval of spinal @entity2 , intrathecal @entity6 potentiates @entity3 . Reversal by @entity7 suggests that this effect results from an opioid receptor-mediated potentiation of a transient block of inhibitory neurons initiated by spinal @entity2 .

title: Neuraxial XXXX may trigger transient @entity3 after a noninjurious interval of @entity11 : a clinical and experimental study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Nine laboratories analyzed samples of whole grain, intermediate, and ready-to-eat products for @entity5 ( @entity6 ) residues. Supplied samples of @entity2 , @entity0 , and flour contained both fortified and incurred EDB; @entity4 bread mix, baby cereal, and bread contained only fortified EDB. The whole grains and intermediates were analyzed by the same basic procedural steps as in the official method for multifumigants: They were extracted by soaking in @entity1 -water (5 + 1). The baby cereal and bread were analyzed by a modification of the Rains and Holder @entity3 co-distillation procedure. EDB was determined by electron capture gas chromatography operated with an SP-1000 column. All products contained 3 different levels of EDB and were analyzed as blind duplicates. Overall mean recoveries ranged from 85.2% for 69.6 ppb to 105.0% for 4.35 ppb, both in baby cereal. Interlaboratory relative standard deviations ranged from 5.7% for 869 ppb in @entity2 to 20.2% for 69.6 ppb in baby cereal, both fortified. Mean levels of incurred EDB in @entity2 , @entity0 , and flour were 926.7, 982.0, and 49.9 ppb, respectively; corresponding relative standard deviations were 9.9, 7.7, and 13.1%. The method was adopted official first action.

title: Gas chromatographic method for XXXX in grains and grain-based products: collaborative study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Glandular inclusions in @entity1 may bear a striking resemblance to the epididymis or @entity4 . Misinterpretation as a transected functional structure may raise significant concerns regarding reproductive capability, even if encountered unilaterally. In a @entity0 , resolution of these concerns may be years away with the onset of puberty and documentation of normal sperm counts. @entity3 has been shown to be present in Wolffian-type epithelium and to be absent in Mullerian-type epithelium. We hypothesized that an antibody to @entity3 would react with vas @entity4 and fail to react with @entity2 sac inclusions, most of which we thought were Mullerian duct-derived structures. Glandular inclusions in 29 @entity2 sacs from prepubertal males were classified histologically according to their resemblance to normal structures and analyzed for @entity3 by immunohistochemistry. Inclusions resembling @entity4 had their external diameters measured and were also stained for smooth muscle actin. Thirty-one examples of normal @entity4 and 13 examples of normal epididymis were included for comparison. The inclusions were classified as @entity4 -like (9), epididymis-like (13), and Mullerian-like (7). @entity3 reactivity was lacking in all @entity4 ; their median external diameter was 0.6 mm. Of the epididymis-like inclusions, 7 of 13 were @entity3 positive. The @entity3 -negative cases consisted of glands with well-defined stromal coats distinct from adjacent stromal coats. @entity3 -positive cases were more numerous, more tightly aggregated, and surrounded by less well-developed stromal coats that blended with adjacent coats. All seven Mullerian-like remnants were @entity3 negative. All normal vas @entity4 showed at least focal @entity3 reactivity. @entity3 positivity in all cases had a luminal membranous staining pattern. Both the @entity4 and the normal @entity4 showed strong smooth muscle actin positivity in their stromal coats. @entity3 negativity and external diameter <1 mm are highly useful to distinguish @entity4 from true @entity4 . Epididymis-like inclusions are more problematic. Some react for @entity3 and may represent aberrant Wolffian ductules. Others are @entity3 negative, distinct from true epididymis, and may be of Mullerian differentiation. Mullerian-like remnants can be diagnosed on the basis of their limited number and scattered distribution. Lack of @entity3 immunostaining corroborates this interpretation.

title: Glandular inclusions in XXXX : morphologic and immunohistochemical distinction from epididymis and @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Glandular inclusions in @entity1 may bear a striking resemblance to the epididymis or @entity4 . Misinterpretation as a transected functional structure may raise significant concerns regarding reproductive capability, even if encountered unilaterally. In a @entity0 , resolution of these concerns may be years away with the onset of puberty and documentation of normal sperm counts. @entity3 has been shown to be present in Wolffian-type epithelium and to be absent in Mullerian-type epithelium. We hypothesized that an antibody to @entity3 would react with vas @entity4 and fail to react with @entity2 sac inclusions, most of which we thought were Mullerian duct-derived structures. Glandular inclusions in 29 @entity2 sacs from prepubertal males were classified histologically according to their resemblance to normal structures and analyzed for @entity3 by immunohistochemistry. Inclusions resembling @entity4 had their external diameters measured and were also stained for smooth muscle actin. Thirty-one examples of normal @entity4 and 13 examples of normal epididymis were included for comparison. The inclusions were classified as @entity4 -like (9), epididymis-like (13), and Mullerian-like (7). @entity3 reactivity was lacking in all @entity4 ; their median external diameter was 0.6 mm. Of the epididymis-like inclusions, 7 of 13 were @entity3 positive. The @entity3 -negative cases consisted of glands with well-defined stromal coats distinct from adjacent stromal coats. @entity3 -positive cases were more numerous, more tightly aggregated, and surrounded by less well-developed stromal coats that blended with adjacent coats. All seven Mullerian-like remnants were @entity3 negative. All normal vas @entity4 showed at least focal @entity3 reactivity. @entity3 positivity in all cases had a luminal membranous staining pattern. Both the @entity4 and the normal @entity4 showed strong smooth muscle actin positivity in their stromal coats. @entity3 negativity and external diameter <1 mm are highly useful to distinguish @entity4 from true @entity4 . Epididymis-like inclusions are more problematic. Some react for @entity3 and may represent aberrant Wolffian ductules. Others are @entity3 negative, distinct from true epididymis, and may be of Mullerian differentiation. Mullerian-like remnants can be diagnosed on the basis of their limited number and scattered distribution. Lack of @entity3 immunostaining corroborates this interpretation.

title: Glandular inclusions in @entity1 : morphologic and immunohistochemical distinction from epididymis and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The diagnosis of @entity3 is usually made on needle biopsies. Numerous benign lesions may mimic @entity1 , especially when the focus of @entity2 is limited. The presence of seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct epithelium on prostate biopsy is not rare and could cause @entity6 with @entity5 . Lipochrome pigments are frequently encountered in seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct but may be also seen in @entity3 . @entity7 immunostaining in difficult cases is sometimes used, but high-grade @entity5 may be negative. In one previous report, @entity10 was found to be expressed in seminal vesicle but not in normal prostate. @entity10 belongs to the family of @entity0 @entity9 genes. So we investigated herein the immunohistochemical expression of @entity10 in prostate @entity5 and seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct. We have tested 30 prostate @entity5 of various grade, 10 normal seminal vesicles, and 10 prostate @entity5 invading the seminal vesicles. The tissues were fixed in 10% buffered @entity4 and embedded in paraffin. Immunohistochemistry was performed using the avidin- @entity8 -peroxidase complex technique. All @entity5 and normal prostate structures tested were negative. In contrast, all seminal vesicles were diffusely immunostained with @entity10 antibody. We concluded that @entity10 is a valuable marker of seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct and is useful for the differential diagnosis with @entity3 .

title: @entity10 is a marker of seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct epithelium and is useful for the differential diagnosis with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The diagnosis of @entity3 is usually made on needle biopsies. Numerous benign lesions may mimic @entity1 , especially when the focus of @entity2 is limited. The presence of seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct epithelium on prostate biopsy is not rare and could cause @entity6 with @entity5 . Lipochrome pigments are frequently encountered in seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct but may be also seen in @entity3 . @entity7 immunostaining in difficult cases is sometimes used, but high-grade @entity5 may be negative. In one previous report, @entity10 was found to be expressed in seminal vesicle but not in normal prostate. @entity10 belongs to the family of @entity0 @entity9 genes. So we investigated herein the immunohistochemical expression of @entity10 in prostate @entity5 and seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct. We have tested 30 prostate @entity5 of various grade, 10 normal seminal vesicles, and 10 prostate @entity5 invading the seminal vesicles. The tissues were fixed in 10% buffered @entity4 and embedded in paraffin. Immunohistochemistry was performed using the avidin- @entity8 -peroxidase complex technique. All @entity5 and normal prostate structures tested were negative. In contrast, all seminal vesicles were diffusely immunostained with @entity10 antibody. We concluded that @entity10 is a valuable marker of seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct and is useful for the differential diagnosis with @entity3 .

title: XXXX is a marker of seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct epithelium and is useful for the differential diagnosis with @entity3 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: The 825T allele of the @entity3 gene is associated with increased intracellular signalling and adipogenesis in experimental studies. We studied the @entity2 polymorphism in relation to blood pressure, @entity1 and intermediate phenotypes in a Caucasian population. METHODS: We genotyped 737 @entity0 and 775 @entity0 (participation rate, 64.3%) enrolled in a Belgian population study. Dichotomous phenotypes were tested for association with the @entity2 polymorphism by Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression. For continuous traits, we used analysis of covariance and generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: The T allele (39.7 versus 29.1%) and TT genotype (16.1 versus 7.7%) were more prevalent in @entity1 @entity0 than in non- @entity1 @entity0 (P < or = 0.01). TT homozygous @entity0 , compared with C allele carriers, had higher daytime ambulatory blood pressure (mean systolic/diastolic differences, 3.6/2.5 mmHg; P < or = 0.02), higher body weight (2.7 kg, P = 0.04), greater risk of @entity1 (risk ratio, 1.90; P = 0.005), increased triceps skinfold thickness (2.3 mm, P = 0.007), higher serum insulin concentration (4.1 mU/l, P = 0.006), more insulin resistance (P = 0.01), and increased erythrocyte count (0.11 x 1012 cells/l, P = 0.04) and haematocrit (0.9%, P = 0.02). In @entity0 , haematocrit and erythrocyte count were also higher (P < or = 0.03) in T allele carriers, but other phenotypes were not correlated with the @entity2 polymorphism. CONCLUSION: Male and female carriers of the T allele at position 825 of the @entity3 gene have a slightly higher haematocrit and erythrocyte count. Male TT homozygotes have a higher blood pressure and are more @entity1 and insulin-resistant than C allele carriers. We speculate that the higher blood pressure in TT homozygous @entity0 might arise via a metabolic pathway characterized by @entity1 and insulin resistance as well as via increased peripheral resistance secondary to the higher haematocrit.

title: An epidemiological study of blood pressure and metabolic phenotypes in relation to the Gbeta3 XXXX polymorphism.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between arterial @entity10 estimated by the pulse pressure/ @entity2 index ratio (PP/SVi) and prognostically relevant abnormalities of left ventricular geometry and function. METHODS: Baseline data from the echocardiographic substudy of the @entity11 Intervention For Endpoint (LIFE) Reduction in @entity3 Study were used. @entity0 involved in the present study had stage II-III @entity3 and electrocardiographic left ventricular @entity9 ; those with a history of @entity5 or segmental wall motion abnormalities were excluded. Plasma @entity6 , total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity4 and @entity8 concentrations and urinary albumin/ @entity8 were assessed by standard methods. RESULTS: The study sample (n = 667) was subdivided into tertiles of PP/SVi. With greater PP/SVi, age, proportion of @entity0 and prevalence of type 2 @entity1 , systolic and mean blood pressures were greater, whereas body mass index, body height and diastolic blood pressure were lower. Total and HDL @entity4 , @entity8 and @entity7 did not differ among the three groups. After adjustment for age, sex and body size, greater PP/SVi was related to concentric left ventricular geometry, but showed a weak negative relationship to left ventricular mass and aortic root diameter; the prevalence of aortic fibrocalcification and left atrial diameter did not differ among tertiles of PP/SVi. PP/SVi was related to greater left ventricular end-systolic stress; stress-corrected left ventricular chamber function was greater with greater PP/SVi, whereas myocardial contractility did not differ significantly among the three groups. Greater PP/SVi was related to greater mitral E-wave/A-wave ratio and shorter isovolumic relaxation time independently of age, sex, left ventricular geometry, systolic function and other confounders. CONCLUSION: Increased estimated arterial @entity10 is associated with concentric left ventricular geometry and with diastolic left ventricular abnormalities suggestive of increased diastolic left ventricular @entity10 .

title: Pulse pressure/ XXXX index and left ventricular geometry and function: the LIFE Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgery for chronic @entity1 is often technically risky. The choice of immediate thoracoplasty or muscle flap plombage to prevent postoperative space problems remains controversial. This study focused on the use of @entity2 to prevent @entity4 . METHODS: During an 8-year period (2004 to 2012), all @entity0 surgically treated for chronic @entity1 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Concomitant intrathoracic transposition of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap has been performed since 2011. The clinical records of these @entity0 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: From 2004 to 2012, 16 @entity0 were treated for chronic @entity1 . Fifteen @entity0 received lobectomies and one had a partial resection. A preventive latissimus dorsi muscle flap was used in 6 @entity0 (37  %). No postoperative @entity3 occurred. Prolonged air leaks appeared in 2 @entity0 without @entity2 , resulting in @entity6 in both. None of the @entity0 with preventive @entity2 suffered prolonged air leaks and subsequent @entity6 . In the outpatient clinic, late onset air leaks developed in 2 @entity0 , one of whom had a lobectomy with muscle flap while the other had a lobectomy without muscle flap. Residual pleural space persisted in these two @entity0 and @entity5 later recurred. CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant latissimus dorsi @entity2 may be effective for the prevention of prolonged air leaks and subsequent @entity6 . Late onset air leaks are problematic.

title: Surgical treatment of chronic XXXX using preventive latissimus dorsi @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgery for chronic @entity1 is often technically risky. The choice of immediate thoracoplasty or muscle flap plombage to prevent postoperative space problems remains controversial. This study focused on the use of @entity2 to prevent @entity4 . METHODS: During an 8-year period (2004 to 2012), all @entity0 surgically treated for chronic @entity1 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Concomitant intrathoracic transposition of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap has been performed since 2011. The clinical records of these @entity0 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: From 2004 to 2012, 16 @entity0 were treated for chronic @entity1 . Fifteen @entity0 received lobectomies and one had a partial resection. A preventive latissimus dorsi muscle flap was used in 6 @entity0 (37  %). No postoperative @entity3 occurred. Prolonged air leaks appeared in 2 @entity0 without @entity2 , resulting in @entity6 in both. None of the @entity0 with preventive @entity2 suffered prolonged air leaks and subsequent @entity6 . In the outpatient clinic, late onset air leaks developed in 2 @entity0 , one of whom had a lobectomy with muscle flap while the other had a lobectomy without muscle flap. Residual pleural space persisted in these two @entity0 and @entity5 later recurred. CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant latissimus dorsi @entity2 may be effective for the prevention of prolonged air leaks and subsequent @entity6 . Late onset air leaks are problematic.

title: Surgical treatment of chronic @entity1 using preventive latissimus dorsi XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity15 is associated with a low incidence of coronary artery involvement, such as @entity11 , @entity13 , @entity9 , and @entity7 , but @entity1 can be fatal. METHODS: Between 1972 and April 2001, 81 of 130 @entity0 given a diagnosis of @entity15 underwent selective coronary angiography, and among them, 31 @entity0 (4 male and 27 female @entity0 ; mean age, 41.1 +/- 13.2 years) had abnormal coronary angiographic findings and were recruited for this study. RESULTS: Abnormal coronary findings consisted of 24 @entity14 of greater than 75%, 3 coronary artery-bronchial artery anastomoses, 3 @entity9 @entity7 , and 1 combined @entity7 and @entity5 . Among 24 @entity0 with @entity14 , the ostium was most frequently involved (87.5%). Twenty-three of 24 @entity0 with @entity14 were treated surgically. The mean follow-up duration was 9.65 +/- 6.9 years, with a 100% follow-up rate. Four @entity6 and 4 @entity9 in 7 @entity0 were not treated surgically. Coronary steal phenomenon was always associated with occluded pulmonary arteries and @entity3 . @entity10 was related to severe aortic @entity2 with or without @entity8 and @entity12 . There were 2 (8.7%) in-hospital deaths and 3 (13%) late deaths. The actuarial survival rate, including in-hospital deaths, was 86.5% +/- 7.3% at 5 years and 81.4% +/- 8.4% at 10 years. CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity7 is relatively low in @entity0 with @entity15 ; however, surgical treatment is recommended for @entity0 with @entity14 because @entity1 can be one of the major causes of @entity4 .

title: Angiographic findings and surgical treatments of coronary artery involvement in XXXX .

answer: @entity15


abstract: @entity3 , @entity0 , false @entity1 and @entity2 are all complications occurring following reconstructive arterial surgery. The authors study what is certainly the most unusual of these complications, i. e. development of @entity4 of prostheses of the aortic bifurcation. They describe the various etiological factors responsible for their onset and also new diagnostic features and the principles of re-operation as well as results. This study is based upon a series of 34 cases of false @entity1 of prostheses of the aortic bifurcation inserted over a ten year period from 1974 to 1984. During this period, 1,400 prostheses of aortic bifurcation were inserted, essentially for two indications: chronic obliterative arterial disease of the lower limbs and @entity1 . The mean latent period of onset of the complication was four and a half years. Removal followed by insertion of a new prosthetic graft is the basic treatment, overall mortality being 4% and morbidity being 30%, dominated by secondary @entity3 in 19% of cases, @entity0 in 8% of cases and recurrence of @entity1 in the same percentage of individuals. The overall figure of very good results was 70%. Whilst discussion is dominated by the role of different etiological factors, it nevertheless remains important to note that only progress in prosthetic and suture materials can allow a future decrease in the percentage of such @entity4 , the factor inherent in the vascular surgeon, i. e. operative technique itself, being much easier to deal with on principle. This complication nevertheless remains very serious, best dealt with by surgery since the natural history of this false @entity1 is completely different from that of a classical femoral or popliteal @entity1 .

title: [ XXXX in prostheses of the aortic bifurcation. Apropos of 34 case reports].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is characterized by abnormal progress of labor and is a common contemporary indication for cesarean delivery in the United States. There has been considerable controversy as to whether @entity3 leading to cesarean delivery for @entity4 . The minimum local analgesic concentration (MLAC) is a clinical model used to determine the relative potencies of local anesthetics in the first stage of labor. In this article, the authors report a prospective study determining the MLAC of @entity6 in early labor of parturients who eventually delivered either vaginally or via cesarean section. METHODS: An up-down sequential allocation technique was used to determine the MLAC of @entity6 in 57 nulliparous parturients assigned to either vaginal delivery or cesarean section arms. In addition, @entity0 were assigned to groups receiving or not receiving intravenous @entity2 at the time of epidural placement. Only @entity0 who delivered by the assigned delivery mode were included in the MLAC analyses. RESULTS: Parturients who later delivered vaginally had 25% and 31% lower MLAC values (0.078% and 0.085% wt/vol @entity6 , receiving or not receiving intravenous @entity2 , respectively) than those who later delivered by cesarean section (0.102% and 0.106% wt/vol @entity6 , receiving or not receiving intravenous @entity2 , respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that an increased local anesthetic requirement for epidural labor @entity5 is associated with more @entity1 related to @entity4 . @entity0 in early, clinically normal labor but who later develop @entity4 require more local anesthetic and, by inference, are experiencing more severe @entity1 than @entity0 who deliver vaginally. This association should be considered when studying the relation between the method of labor @entity5 and the course of labor.

title: Local anesthetic requirements are greater in XXXX than in normal labor.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. The @entity0 and reduced viscosity of bovine serum albumin and chymotrypsinogen A in solvents containing @entity2 , @entity1 and water were studied. 2. The changes brought about in the properties of the proteins by varying the composition of the solvent or by heat treatment in these solvents were established to be reversible. 3. A method for returning the proteins to aqueous media, based on these observations, was worked out. 4. The recovered proteins were shown to be very similar to, if not identical with, the native proteins on the basis of measurements of @entity0 , viscosity, sedimentation, ultraviolet spectroscopy, immunochemical behaviour (serum albumin) and proteolytic activity (chymotrypsinogen A, after activation with trypsin). 5. The importance of the findings for partitioning of polyelectrolytes in the @entity2 -aqueous buffer systems is discussed.

title: The properties of bovine serum albumin and chymotrypsinogen A in solvent mixtures containing XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. The isolation of two proteins from the seeds of @entity10 is described. 2. The individual steps in the purification procedure included: extraction of the seeds at pH9.0, dialysis, first against pH9.0 and then against pH5.0 buffers, high-voltage electrophoresis of the proteins soluble at pH5.0 and chromatography on Sephadex G-200, Sephadex G-75 and DEAE-Sephadex columns. 3. Of the two proteins isolated, the first and larger component was a glycoprotein and its @entity2 part was mainly composed of @entity4 and @entity11 together with smaller amounts of @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity5 . 4. The second protein component isolated was a trypsin inhibitor and was almost entirely devoid of @entity3 but contained a firmly bound pinkish-blue pigment. 5. The @entity0 composition of the two proteins was determined. 6. The glycoprotein contained very little if any cyst(e)ine but was relatively rich in @entity9 , whereas the trypsin inhibitor had an unusually high @entity1 content (nearly 15%) but was relatively poor in @entity7 and in @entity9 .

title: The isolation of two proteins, glycoprotein I and a trypsin inhibitor, from the seeds of XXXX ( @entity10 ).

answer: @entity10


abstract: 1. The isolation of two proteins from the seeds of @entity10 is described. 2. The individual steps in the purification procedure included: extraction of the seeds at pH9.0, dialysis, first against pH9.0 and then against pH5.0 buffers, high-voltage electrophoresis of the proteins soluble at pH5.0 and chromatography on Sephadex G-200, Sephadex G-75 and DEAE-Sephadex columns. 3. Of the two proteins isolated, the first and larger component was a glycoprotein and its @entity2 part was mainly composed of @entity4 and @entity11 together with smaller amounts of @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity5 . 4. The second protein component isolated was a trypsin inhibitor and was almost entirely devoid of @entity3 but contained a firmly bound pinkish-blue pigment. 5. The @entity0 composition of the two proteins was determined. 6. The glycoprotein contained very little if any cyst(e)ine but was relatively rich in @entity9 , whereas the trypsin inhibitor had an unusually high @entity1 content (nearly 15%) but was relatively poor in @entity7 and in @entity9 .

title: The isolation of two proteins, glycoprotein I and a trypsin inhibitor, from the seeds of @entity10 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate urinary symptoms before and after colorectal resection for @entity2 using validated questionnaires. STUDY DESIGN: We randomly assigned 52 @entity0 with @entity1 to undergo laparoscopically assisted or open colorectal resection. The median follow-up was 19 months. Urinary symptoms were evaluated using the International Prostate Score Symptom and the Bristol Female Low Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaires. RESULTS: Dysuria was observed in 29% of cases postoperatively. Using Bristol Female Low Urinary Tract Symptoms and International Prostate Score Symptom scores, an alteration was observed for voiding symptoms (P = .01 and P = .006, respectively). No difference was observed between the laparoscopy and the open surgery group. An alteration of the International Prostate Score Symptom voiding symptoms was observed in the group that did not undergo nerve sparing surgery (P = .048). An alteration of the International Prostate Score Symptom voiding symptoms was observed for @entity0 who underwent vaginal resection (P = .01) and parametrial resection (P = .02). CONCLUSION: Our findings confirm that colorectal resection for @entity2 is a source of @entity3 whatever the surgical route.

title: Urinary dysfunction after colorectal resection for XXXX : results of a prospective randomized trial comparing laparoscopy to open surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: To better understand patterns of occurrence or diagnosis of @entity3 in different segments of the population, we evaluated associations between sociodemographic variables and the relative incidence of @entity3 as part of a multi-faceted case-control study. METHODS: The study was conducted at hospitals in three US cities between 1994 and 1998. In all, 489 @entity1 cases (354 high-grade, 135 low-grade), 197 @entity4 cases, 96 @entity5 cases, and 799 controls admitted to the same hospitals for any of a variety of non-neoplastic @entity2 were enrolled and interviewed. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR), calculate 95% CI, and test for trends. RESULTS: The OR showed significant positive associations with household income for @entity1 , @entity4 , and @entity5 , but not for high-grade @entity1 . Positive associations were observed with level of education for @entity1 and @entity5 , but not for high-grade @entity1 or @entity4 . Jewish religion was associated with a significantly elevated risk for @entity4 (OR = 4.3; 95% CI: 2.0-9.0). Being single at the time of @entity0 diagnosis or enrolment was associated with significantly reduced risks for @entity4 (OR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.3-0.6) and low- or high-grade @entity1 (OR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.5-0.8), but not for @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Associations with sociodemographic variables varied considerably among the different subtypes of @entity3 , including between low-grade and high-grade @entity1 . The general pattern was for associations with indicators of affluence and education to be stronger for @entity0 that tend to grow more slowly and have less catastrophic effects, although the evidence was mixed for @entity4 . We cannot isolate the specific factors underlying the observed associations, but intrapopulation differences in the completeness or timing of diagnosis may have played a role. There is less opportunity for such influences to operate for the rapidly progressing, high-grade @entity1 than for more slowly growing @entity0 .

title: Sociodemographic indicators and risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Vena caval obstruction may cause significant morbidity after intraatrial repair of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Two noninvasive methods of diagnosing vena caval obstruction were compared with cardiac catheterization. Echocardiographically gated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiographic evaluation (2-dimensional saline contrast echocardiography and pulsed Doppler flow measurement) were performed on 15 @entity0 0.7 to 13.5 years after intraatrial repair of @entity2 (8 Mustard, 7 Senning). At catheterization, complete superior vena cava or partial caval obstruction (gradient greater than 5 mm Hg from cava to systemic venous atrium) was present in 7 of 15 @entity0 . @entity3 was directly visualized by MRI in both @entity0 with catheterization-proved complete superior @entity1 . A dilated azygous/hemiazygous venous complex (greater than or equal to 5 mm cross-sectional diameter) was seen by MRI in 5 of 7 @entity0 with complex or partial vena caval obstruction and in no @entity0 without vena caval obstruction. MRI showed superior vena caval dilatation (ratio of superior vena caval diameter to aortic diameter greater than 1.45) in 3 of 5 @entity0 with partial vena caval obstruction and in 0 of 8 without vena caval obstruction. Direct visualization of narrowing within the atrium was unreliable for any MRI plane because of the 3-dimensional nature of the intraatrial baffle. Two-dimensional saline contrast echocardiography, successfully performed in 12 of 15 @entity0 , detected complete superior vena caval obstruction only in the 2 @entity0 with catheterization-proved complete superior @entity1 . Contrast echocardiography failed to identify any of the 5 @entity0 with partial vena caval obstruction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Detection of caval obstruction by magnetic resonance imaging after intraatrial repair of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of and bother associated with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in adults aged >= 40 years in the United States, using current International Continence Society definitions. METHODS: Internet-based panel members were selected randomly to participate in EpiLUTS, a cross-sectional, population-representative survey. @entity0 used Likert scales to rate how often they experienced individual lower urinary tract symptoms during the previous 4 weeks and how much bother they experienced. Based on responses to questions regarding urgency and urgency urinary incontinence, @entity1 symptoms were categorized as occurring at least "sometimes" or at least "often." Symptom bother was categorized as at least "somewhat" or at least "quite a bit." RESULTS: The response rate was 59.6%, with a final sample of 9416 @entity0 and 10,584 @entity0 . Prevalence of @entity1 symptoms at least "sometimes" was 27.2% and 43.1% for @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively; prevalence of @entity1 at least "often" was 15.8% and 32.6%, respectively. Among @entity0 with @entity1 symptoms at least "sometimes," 60.0% were bothered at least "somewhat" and 27.8% were bothered at least "quite a bit." Among @entity0 , bother rates were 67.6% and 38.9%, respectively. Among respondents with @entity1 at least "often," 67.8% and 38.2% of @entity0 and 73.0% and 47.1% of @entity0 reported being bothered at least "somewhat" and at least "quite a bit," respectively. We estimate that 29.8 million adults aged >= 40 years in the United States have bothersome @entity1 symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Bothersome @entity1 symptoms are highly prevalent among @entity0 and @entity0 aged >= 40 years in the United States.

title: National community prevalence of XXXX in the United States stratified by sex and age.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of alpha receptor blockers used in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on endothelial functions, coagulation parameters, and arterial blood pressure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred fifteen @entity0 admitted to the treatment protocol because of symptomatic @entity2 were included in this prospective study. @entity0 were given the following treatments: @entity7 4 mg/d (n = 25), @entity5 5 mg/d (n = 26), @entity8 10 mg/d (n = 26), @entity6 0.4 mg/d (n = 21), and observation (n = 17). All cases were evaluated before treatment and in the 12th week of treatment, according to biochemical parameters, endothelial functions, and arterial blood pressure. Biochemical parameters were bleeding time, coagulation time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, total @entity4 (PSA), and free PSA. Endothelial functions were evaluated with ultrasonography of the brachial artery. RESULTS: When coagulation tests were evaluated, there were significant increases in bleeding and coagulation times in the groups using @entity7 and @entity5 . @entity7 and @entity5 lowered arterial blood pressure significantly compared with other treatments. With regard to effects on endothelial function, there were significant differences in flow-mediated dilation rates of the brachial artery at 60 and 90 seconds before and during treatment in the @entity8 and @entity5 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha receptor blockers can decrease the risk of @entity1 by both reducing @entity3 and protecting endothelial functions in @entity0 with @entity2 . The only drug with a favorable effect in all 4 areas of interest, including @entity2 , blood pressure, @entity3 , and endothelial functions, was @entity5 .

title: Comparison of effects of alpha receptor blockers on endothelial functions and coagulation parameters in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of alpha receptor blockers used in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on endothelial functions, coagulation parameters, and arterial blood pressure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred fifteen @entity0 admitted to the treatment protocol because of symptomatic @entity2 were included in this prospective study. @entity0 were given the following treatments: @entity7 4 mg/d (n = 25), @entity5 5 mg/d (n = 26), @entity8 10 mg/d (n = 26), @entity6 0.4 mg/d (n = 21), and observation (n = 17). All cases were evaluated before treatment and in the 12th week of treatment, according to biochemical parameters, endothelial functions, and arterial blood pressure. Biochemical parameters were bleeding time, coagulation time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, total @entity4 (PSA), and free PSA. Endothelial functions were evaluated with ultrasonography of the brachial artery. RESULTS: When coagulation tests were evaluated, there were significant increases in bleeding and coagulation times in the groups using @entity7 and @entity5 . @entity7 and @entity5 lowered arterial blood pressure significantly compared with other treatments. With regard to effects on endothelial function, there were significant differences in flow-mediated dilation rates of the brachial artery at 60 and 90 seconds before and during treatment in the @entity8 and @entity5 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha receptor blockers can decrease the risk of @entity1 by both reducing @entity3 and protecting endothelial functions in @entity0 with @entity2 . The only drug with a favorable effect in all 4 areas of interest, including @entity2 , blood pressure, @entity3 , and endothelial functions, was @entity5 .

title: Comparison of effects of alpha receptor blockers on endothelial functions and coagulation parameters in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0