abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the differences in the neuroretinal rim area (NRA) and ocular haemodynamic parameters in @entity0 with normal-tension @entity4 (NTG) with differing @entity1 ( @entity1 ) values. METHODS: 40 @entity0 (11 males) with NTG (age 61.1 (11.5)) were included in the prospective study. Intraocular pressure (IOP), non-invasive @entity1 , @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and confocal laser scanning tomography for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) structural parameters were assessed. Non-invasive @entity1 was measured using a novel two-depth Transcranial Doppler device. @entity3 was measured using colour Doppler imaging in the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The @entity0 were divided into two groups, @entity1 >=  and <8.3   mm   Hg, based on the statistical median of @entity1 . p Values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: @entity0 with NTG had mean @entity1 8.8 (2.5) mm   Hg, IOP 13.6 (2.1) mm   Hg, @entity5 size 2.3 (0.6) mm(2), NRA 1.2 (0.4) mm(2). Lower @entity1 was correlated with decreased NRA (r=0.51, p=0.001). @entity0 with NTG having @entity1 (N=20) had significantly lower NRA 1.0 (0.3) mm(2), than @entity0 with NTG having higher @entity1 (N=20) 1.3 (0.3) mm(2), p=0.002, although there were no significant differences in @entity5 size (accordingly, 2.2 (0.5) and 2.3 (0.6) mm(2), p=0.55) and IOP (accordingly, 13.5 (2.4) and 13.7 (1.8) mm   Hg, p=0.58). @entity0 with NTG having @entity1 had significantly lower @entity2 blood flow velocities (peak systolic volume (PSV) 28.7 (8.0), end-diastolic volume (EDV) 6.9 (3.0) cm/s), compared with @entity0 with NTG having higher @entity1 (PSV 35.5 (10.2), EDV 9.4 (4.1) cm/s), p<0.04. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with NTG having @entity1 have decreased neuroretinal rim area and @entity2 blood flow parameters compared with @entity0 having higher @entity1 . Further longitudinal studies are needed to analyse the involvement of @entity1 in NTG management.

title: Neuroretinal rim area and ocular haemodynamic parameters in XXXX with normal-tension @entity4 with differing intracranial pressures.

answer: @entity0


abstract: An @entity3 was induced in @entity1 by injection of @entity2 toxin (approximately 10 @entity0 LD50) unilaterally into the hippocampus. Continuous EEG records were obtained from implanted hippocampal electrodes for periods of 4-7 weeks in 14 @entity1 . In a pilot study of two of these @entity1 , three more recording electrodes were placed in other brain areas. Six of the @entity1 (including the latter two) were simultaneously filmed using time-lapse videorecording, and the relationships between EEG events and overt motor fits were assessed using a split-screen video monitoring system. Characteristic peaks and troughs in the numbers of overt fits occurring each day were noted in all the @entity1 that were filmed, and less marked peaks occurred in the numbers of hippocampal @entity4 discharges. At the start of the syndrome, @entity4 discharges occurred without accompanying fits; then overt fits occurred with some of the discharges; later the animals stopped having fits but @entity4 discharges continued to occur alone for several weeks. Fits only occurred with longer @entity4 discharges (more than approximately 30 s), but not all longer @entity4 were associated with fits. Whether or not a hippocampal @entity4 discharge leads to a motor fit appears to depend not on the nature of the electrical activity in the hippocampus but probably on the properties of areas, such as the cingulate gyrus, to which the @entity4 activity may spread. Large @entity3 occurred throughout the syndrome, and their frequency was often increased for some minutes after a @entity4 discharge. While there was an overall correlation between the number of fits and the number of @entity4 discharges occurring during the entire syndrome, within relatively brief periods this relation was not consistent. The occurrence of motor fits was often associated with a decrease in @entity4 discharge frequency. In the four @entity1 with bilateral electrodes, some independent EEG activity was observed in the uninjected hippocampus.

title: @entity3 induced by XXXX toxin: a longitudinal electroencephalographic study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: An @entity3 was induced in @entity1 by injection of @entity2 toxin (approximately 10 @entity0 LD50) unilaterally into the hippocampus. Continuous EEG records were obtained from implanted hippocampal electrodes for periods of 4-7 weeks in 14 @entity1 . In a pilot study of two of these @entity1 , three more recording electrodes were placed in other brain areas. Six of the @entity1 (including the latter two) were simultaneously filmed using time-lapse videorecording, and the relationships between EEG events and overt motor fits were assessed using a split-screen video monitoring system. Characteristic peaks and troughs in the numbers of overt fits occurring each day were noted in all the @entity1 that were filmed, and less marked peaks occurred in the numbers of hippocampal @entity4 discharges. At the start of the syndrome, @entity4 discharges occurred without accompanying fits; then overt fits occurred with some of the discharges; later the animals stopped having fits but @entity4 discharges continued to occur alone for several weeks. Fits only occurred with longer @entity4 discharges (more than approximately 30 s), but not all longer @entity4 were associated with fits. Whether or not a hippocampal @entity4 discharge leads to a motor fit appears to depend not on the nature of the electrical activity in the hippocampus but probably on the properties of areas, such as the cingulate gyrus, to which the @entity4 activity may spread. Large @entity3 occurred throughout the syndrome, and their frequency was often increased for some minutes after a @entity4 discharge. While there was an overall correlation between the number of fits and the number of @entity4 discharges occurring during the entire syndrome, within relatively brief periods this relation was not consistent. The occurrence of motor fits was often associated with a decrease in @entity4 discharge frequency. In the four @entity1 with bilateral electrodes, some independent EEG activity was observed in the uninjected hippocampus.

title: XXXX induced by @entity2 toxin: a longitudinal electroencephalographic study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Oncotype DX (ODX) is a @entity2 gene-profiling test that aids in adjuvant chemotherapy decision-making. ODX has the potential to improve quality of care; however, if not equally accessible across racial groups, disparities in @entity2 care quality may persist or worsen. We examined racial disparities in ODX testing uptake. METHODS: We used data from the Carolina @entity0 Study, phase III, a longitudinal, population-based study of 2,998 North Carolina @entity1 who received a diagnosis of @entity0 between 2008 and 2014. Our primary analysis used modified Poisson regression to determine the association between race and whether ODX testing was ordered among two strata: node-negative and @entity0 . RESULTS: A total of 1,468 @entity1 with @entity3 receptor-positive, @entity1 epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative, stage I or II @entity0 met inclusion criteria. Black @entity1 had higher-grade and larger @entity2 , more comorbidities, younger age at diagnosis, and lower socioeconomic status than non-black @entity1 . Overall, 42% of @entity1 had ODX test results in their pathology reports. Compared with those who did not receive ODX testing, @entity1 who received ODX testing tended to be younger and have medium @entity2 size and grade. Our regression analyses indicated no racial disparities in ODX uptake among node-negative @entity1 . However, racial differences were detected among node-positive @entity1 , with black @entity1 being 46% less likely to receive ODX testing than non-black @entity1 (adjusted relative risk, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.84; P = .006). CONCLUSION: We did not find racial disparities in ODX testing for node-negative @entity1 for whom ODX testing is guideline recommended and widely covered by insurers. However, our findings suggest that a newer, non-guideline-concordant application of ODX testing for @entity0 was accessed less by black @entity1 than by non-black @entity1 , reflecting more guideline concordant care among black @entity1 .

title: Racial Variation in the Uptake of Oncotype DX Testing for Early-Stage XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The case history is documented of a young competitive athlete known to have the electrocardiographic pattern of the @entity5 , but considered asymptomatic. On that basis competitive sport was not proscribed. In retrospect, he had experienced occasional @entity1 which were of short duration and ended spontaneously. He never requested medical advice. The @entity0 was first admitted for an attack of rapid heart beating which did not readily subside. He was medicated with @entity6 and left the hospital in stable condition. He died suddenly 10 days after discharge. Autopsy examination of the heart revealed an accessory atrioventricular connection in the posterior septal region. The case history underlines that in some @entity0 with the @entity5 the clinical manifestation can be minimal and may be easily ignored by the @entity0 . In retrospect, benign episodes of rapid heart beating most likely were due to a circus @entity1 , related to an accessory atrioventricular connection. The @entity3 can be attributed to @entity4 with rapid ventricular response via the anomalous connection, despite medical treatment. The observation endorses the potential danger of the @entity5 in @entity0 with minimal clinical manifestations. A meticulous histologic study of the @entity2 in hearts of young athletes with @entity3 is a necessity.

title: @entity3 in a young competitive athlete with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The case history is documented of a young competitive athlete known to have the electrocardiographic pattern of the @entity5 , but considered asymptomatic. On that basis competitive sport was not proscribed. In retrospect, he had experienced occasional @entity1 which were of short duration and ended spontaneously. He never requested medical advice. The @entity0 was first admitted for an attack of rapid heart beating which did not readily subside. He was medicated with @entity6 and left the hospital in stable condition. He died suddenly 10 days after discharge. Autopsy examination of the heart revealed an accessory atrioventricular connection in the posterior septal region. The case history underlines that in some @entity0 with the @entity5 the clinical manifestation can be minimal and may be easily ignored by the @entity0 . In retrospect, benign episodes of rapid heart beating most likely were due to a circus @entity1 , related to an accessory atrioventricular connection. The @entity3 can be attributed to @entity4 with rapid ventricular response via the anomalous connection, despite medical treatment. The observation endorses the potential danger of the @entity5 in @entity0 with minimal clinical manifestations. A meticulous histologic study of the @entity2 in hearts of young athletes with @entity3 is a necessity.

title: XXXX in a young competitive athlete with @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is demonstrated in 40% of @entity0 after adenotonsillectomy. We previously evaluated the basis of management decisions in @entity0 with @entity1 without @entity3 and found that 61% of decisions were non-evidence based. The aim of this study was to identify gaps in evidence for the management of @entity0 with @entity1 without @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: Case series. METHODS: We recorded all real-time decisions made by pediatric subspecialists from eight disciplines that participated in an upper airway clinic and management conferences. Practitioners were immediately queried regarding the basis of their decisions, and non-evidence-based decisions were categorized. RESULTS: During 10 case conferences and five clinics, 507 decisions were made for 63 @entity0 (43% with Down syndrome, 20% with Pierre Robin sequence). The 309 non-evidence-based decisions most commonly pertained to follow-up timing and appropriate subspecialty clinic location (116/309, 38%) as well as timing for repeat polysomnography (35/309, 11%), especially in @entity0 at high risk for persistent @entity1 after treatment. Additional gaps identified included the likelihood of @entity1 improvement from @entity2 , and effectiveness of sleep surgical procedures (i.e., lingual tonsillectomy, posterior midline glossectomy, and craniofacial surgery) alone or in combination. CONCLUSIONS: Identified gaps in evidence included timing and location of follow-up, appropriate use of polysomnography for surveillance, effectiveness of specific surgical procedures performed alone and in combination, and the use of oral appliances and continuous positive airway pressure therapy in @entity0 with Down syndrome. We also found a need for studies to compare the effectiveness of these treatment options in diverse @entity0 populations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Gaps in evidence: Management of XXXX without @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is demonstrated in 40% of @entity0 after adenotonsillectomy. We previously evaluated the basis of management decisions in @entity0 with @entity1 without @entity3 and found that 61% of decisions were non-evidence based. The aim of this study was to identify gaps in evidence for the management of @entity0 with @entity1 without @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: Case series. METHODS: We recorded all real-time decisions made by pediatric subspecialists from eight disciplines that participated in an upper airway clinic and management conferences. Practitioners were immediately queried regarding the basis of their decisions, and non-evidence-based decisions were categorized. RESULTS: During 10 case conferences and five clinics, 507 decisions were made for 63 @entity0 (43% with Down syndrome, 20% with Pierre Robin sequence). The 309 non-evidence-based decisions most commonly pertained to follow-up timing and appropriate subspecialty clinic location (116/309, 38%) as well as timing for repeat polysomnography (35/309, 11%), especially in @entity0 at high risk for persistent @entity1 after treatment. Additional gaps identified included the likelihood of @entity1 improvement from @entity2 , and effectiveness of sleep surgical procedures (i.e., lingual tonsillectomy, posterior midline glossectomy, and craniofacial surgery) alone or in combination. CONCLUSIONS: Identified gaps in evidence included timing and location of follow-up, appropriate use of polysomnography for surveillance, effectiveness of specific surgical procedures performed alone and in combination, and the use of oral appliances and continuous positive airway pressure therapy in @entity0 with Down syndrome. We also found a need for studies to compare the effectiveness of these treatment options in diverse @entity0 populations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4 Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Gaps in evidence: Management of @entity1 without XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Covering insertion sites with @entity0 impregnated dressings has been proven to be clinically effective in reducing catheter related blood stream infections (CR-BSI). Two @entity3 ( @entity4 )-impregnated dressings are commercially available, a @entity1 foam disk and a film dressing containing a @entity3 -impregnated gel pad. While both have demonstrated efficacy in clinical settings, the major drawback of high cost and impaired IV insertion site visibility limits their usage. A new, simple film dressing containing @entity4 within its adhesive layer is now available. The objective of this study was to test the in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of the new dressing in comparison to the @entity4 -impregnated gel dressing. METHODS: Quantitative aliquots of suspensions (concentration of 1.0x106 to 5.0x106 cfu/sample) of clinically relevant challenge organisms (Staphylococcus species, gram-negative bacilli, @entity2 ) were incubated in contact with the new @entity4 -containing film dressing, a placebo version of the same (negative control) and the commercially available @entity4 -impregnated gel dressing (positive control). Serial dilutions of the surviving organisms were quantified using the pour plate after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days of incubation in order to calculate an antimicrobial log10 reduction for each organism/dressing combination at each point in time. RESULTS: The new @entity4 -containing film dressing delivered greater than 5.0 log10 reduction throughout the 7 days on all aerobic gram-negative bacilli and Staphylococcus species tested. As of day 1 the @entity4 -containing film dressing provided greater than 5.0 log10 reduction on @entity2 . There were no statistically significant differences in the log10 reduction between the two dressings tested. CONCLUSION: The new @entity4 -containing film dressing was found to be as effective as the @entity3 -impregnated gel dressing on clinically relevant microbes.

title: Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Vascular Access Film Dressing Containing XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Individual cages represent a widely used housing condition in laboratories. This isolation represents an impoverished physical and social environment in gregarious animals. It prevents animals from socializing, even when auditory and visual contact is maintained. Zebra finches are colonial songbirds that are widely used as laboratory animals for the study of vocal communication from brain to behavior. In this study, we investigated the effect of single housing on the vocal behavior and the brain activity of male zebra finches ( @entity2 ): male birds housed in individual cages were compared to freely interacting male birds housed as a social group in a communal cage. We focused on the activity of septo-hypothalamic regions of the "social behavior network" (SBN), a set of limbic regions involved in several social behaviors in vertebrates. The activity of four structures of the SBN (BSTm, medial bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; POM, medial preoptic area; lateral septum; ventromedial hypothalamus) and one associated region (paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus) was assessed using immunoreactive nuclei density of the immediate early gene @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We further assessed the identity of active cell populations by labeling @entity1 (VT). Brain activity was related to behavioral activities of birds like physical and vocal interactions. We showed that individual housing modifies vocal exchanges between birds compared to communal housing. This is of particular importance in the @entity2 , a model species for the study of vocal communication. In addition, a protocol that daily removes one or two birds from the group affects differently male zebra finches depending of their housing conditions: while communally-housed males changed their vocal output, brains of individually housed males show increased @entity3 labeling in non-VT cells of the BSTm and enhanced correlation of @entity3 -revealed activity between the studied structures. These results show that housing conditions must gain some attention in @entity0 protocols.

title: Housing conditions and sacrifice protocol affect neural activity and vocal behavior in a songbird species, the XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Individual cages represent a widely used housing condition in laboratories. This isolation represents an impoverished physical and social environment in gregarious animals. It prevents animals from socializing, even when auditory and visual contact is maintained. Zebra finches are colonial songbirds that are widely used as laboratory animals for the study of vocal communication from brain to behavior. In this study, we investigated the effect of single housing on the vocal behavior and the brain activity of male zebra finches ( @entity2 ): male birds housed in individual cages were compared to freely interacting male birds housed as a social group in a communal cage. We focused on the activity of septo-hypothalamic regions of the "social behavior network" (SBN), a set of limbic regions involved in several social behaviors in vertebrates. The activity of four structures of the SBN (BSTm, medial bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; POM, medial preoptic area; lateral septum; ventromedial hypothalamus) and one associated region (paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus) was assessed using immunoreactive nuclei density of the immediate early gene @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We further assessed the identity of active cell populations by labeling @entity1 (VT). Brain activity was related to behavioral activities of birds like physical and vocal interactions. We showed that individual housing modifies vocal exchanges between birds compared to communal housing. This is of particular importance in the @entity2 , a model species for the study of vocal communication. In addition, a protocol that daily removes one or two birds from the group affects differently male zebra finches depending of their housing conditions: while communally-housed males changed their vocal output, brains of individually housed males show increased @entity3 labeling in non-VT cells of the BSTm and enhanced correlation of @entity3 -revealed activity between the studied structures. These results show that housing conditions must gain some attention in @entity0 protocols.

title: Housing conditions and sacrifice protocol affect neural activity and vocal behavior in a songbird species, the @entity2 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: The in vitro effects of ovine PRL (oPRL) on testicular @entity1 synthesis were determined using isolated, collagenase-dispersed, adult @entity0 Leydig cells in culture. oPRL (50-1000 ng/ml) had no effect either on basal or on LH (50, 100 or 2000 pg/ml)-stimulated @entity1 secretion by Leydig cells in short-term culture (4 h). 125I-oPRL binding studies revealed a single class of high affinity sites (Ka 8.7 nM) with a low capacity (Bmax 6.7 fmol/mg protein identical to approximately 980 sites/Leydig cell). Isolated Leydig cells were further purified on a continuous Percoll gradient and cultured in serum-free medium, at 34 degrees C, in 5% @entity2 and 95% air. After 3 days of culture, the media were collected, the cells washed and then stimulated with hCG (3 ng/ml) for 3 h. oPRL (1-1000 ng/ml) added at plating, caused a log dose-dependent inhibition of @entity1 accumulation during the 3-day culture period; the highest and most consistent inhibition (31%) was with 500 ng/ml oPRL. hCG increased the sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of PRL, 10 ng/ml oPRL causing 40% inhibition and 100 ng/ml causing a maximal inhibition of 50%. PRL in fact caused a reduction in the maximal effect (efficacy) of hCG on steroidogenesis, without significantly affecting the ED50 (sensitivity). The effects of an antiPRL receptor antibody raised by the antiidiotypic route and previously shown to bind to @entity0 testis PRL receptors were tested. The antiPRL receptor IgG (13 micrograms/ml) mimicked the PRL inhibitory effect and acted synergistically with PRL (100 ng/ml) in inhibiting both @entity1 accumulation in 3-day cultured Leydig cells and their subsequent response to hCG. In summary, a clear inhibitory effect of PRL and a synergistic effect of antiPRL receptor antibody were demonstrated on @entity1 synthesis by @entity0 Leydig cells in 3-day culture.

title: Prolactin and antiprolactin receptor antibody inhibit steroidogenesis by purified XXXX Leydig cells in culture.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare long-term outcomes of 2 groups of morbidly @entity2 @entity0 with @entity1 -1 managed by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and a comparable group managed medically. METHODS: The present study was a single-institution retrospective study. Of the 173 @entity2 @entity0 with @entity1 undergoing gastric bypass surgery between January 2000 and July 2004, 78 @entity0 (45%) were followed for at least 10 years. The control group consisted of 80 @entity1 @entity0 from the same period with similar body mass index, age, race, and severity of @entity1 . The median follow-up was 11 years for both the groups. RESULTS: The group undergoing gastric bypass surgery had greater percentage of excess @entity4 than the control group-66% versus -1.6%, respectively. Forty-one @entity0 (52.6%) in the surgery group had complete remission of @entity1 and 5 (6.4%) had partial remission. Twelve @entity0 (15.4%) had @entity1 recurrence after initial remission. No @entity0 in the control group had remission of @entity1 . Compared with the control group, the group undergoing gastric bypass surgery had a significantly reduced incidence of microvascular complications-46.3% versus 11.5%, and macrovascular complications-20.3% versus 5%, respectively (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we demonstrated that after 10 years of follow-up, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, compared with nonsurgical medical management, resulted in significantly greater @entity4 , reduction in hemoglobin A1c, and use of antidiabetic medications, and very importantly a lower incidence of both @entity5 in @entity2 @entity0 with @entity3 2 @entity1 .

title: Gastric Bypass Surgery Leads to Long-term Remission or Improvement of Type 2 @entity1 and Significant XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare long-term outcomes of 2 groups of morbidly @entity2 @entity0 with @entity1 -1 managed by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery and a comparable group managed medically. METHODS: The present study was a single-institution retrospective study. Of the 173 @entity2 @entity0 with @entity1 undergoing gastric bypass surgery between January 2000 and July 2004, 78 @entity0 (45%) were followed for at least 10 years. The control group consisted of 80 @entity1 @entity0 from the same period with similar body mass index, age, race, and severity of @entity1 . The median follow-up was 11 years for both the groups. RESULTS: The group undergoing gastric bypass surgery had greater percentage of excess @entity4 than the control group-66% versus -1.6%, respectively. Forty-one @entity0 (52.6%) in the surgery group had complete remission of @entity1 and 5 (6.4%) had partial remission. Twelve @entity0 (15.4%) had @entity1 recurrence after initial remission. No @entity0 in the control group had remission of @entity1 . Compared with the control group, the group undergoing gastric bypass surgery had a significantly reduced incidence of microvascular complications-46.3% versus 11.5%, and macrovascular complications-20.3% versus 5%, respectively (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we demonstrated that after 10 years of follow-up, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, compared with nonsurgical medical management, resulted in significantly greater @entity4 , reduction in hemoglobin A1c, and use of antidiabetic medications, and very importantly a lower incidence of both @entity5 in @entity2 @entity0 with @entity3 2 @entity1 .

title: Gastric Bypass Surgery Leads to Long-term Remission or Improvement of Type 2 XXXX and Significant @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have induced @entity7 in @entity0 to systemically administered drugs, specifically @entity8 and @entity4 . @entity0 were photosensitized to systemic @entity8 or @entity4 by i.p. administration of drug followed by UVB and UVA irradiation of shaved flank skin, on two consecutive days. Control @entity0 received i.p. drug with no irradiation. In some experiments @entity2 pretreatment, or intradermal Corynebacterium parvum ( @entity6 ), was administered as an immunoadjuvant. All animals were photochallenged on day 5 with i.p. drug followed by UVA irradiation of one ear. @entity0 that had been previously immunized with drug and UV radiation developed @entity3 and @entity5 , evident 24 h after photochallenge, but not at 4 h. Control animals showed no reactions. In a typical experiment of photosensitization to systemic @entity8 , the experimental group had a mean increase in ear thickness of 6.0 X 10(-2) mm 24 h after photochallenge, while unsensitized control animals showed a mean change of -0.8 X 10(-2) mm. The histopathology of the positive challenge reaction was characteristic of a @entity1 . Adoptive transfer of @entity7 to systemic @entity8 to naive recipients was accomplished by i.v. injection of lymph node cells (5 X 10(7) harvested from actively photosensitized donors. Clinical reports have suggested that exposure to systemic medications followed by sunlight can induce an eruption having a photoallergic basis. We now report the first experimental proof of that hypothesis. The @entity0 model should facilitate exploration of photoallergic mechanisms and, in addition, it provides the basis for a prospective test of systemic drugs for their photoallergenicity.

title: Experimental XXXX to systemic drugs.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity0 brain cortical neurons originate from germinal cells during a period of 6 days immediately before birth. Upon leaving the proliferative layer neurons become irreversibly quiescent. We have previously reported the presence of core histone nonallelic variants in terminally differentiated @entity0 brain cortical neurons. Although the functional significance of core histone variants is unknown, several lines of evidence suggest that the processes of variant replacement could be involved in the structural and functional differentiation of chromatin. Here we describe the changes in core histone composition that occur during postnatal development. The changes in chromatin composition are already apparent at birth, suggesting that the change in synthesis patterns is related to the arrest of cell proliferation and neuron commitment. During postnatal development @entity1 , H2A.x, and H3.3 accumulate, whereas @entity2 , H3.1, and H3.2 decrease. @entity3 is the only variant that remains constant. The time courses of replacement and the observed variant proportions when the variant composition approaches the equilibrium suggest that all H2A variants are synthesized either in germinal cells or in neurons, whereas H3.1 and H3.2 seem to be synthesized only in germinal cells. The extent of the replacement of H3.1 and H3.2 by H3.3 shows that the exchange process affects most of the chromatin. The half-life times of @entity2 and H3.2 were calculated from their respective exponential decays. Values of 65 days or less and 142 days were found for @entity2 and H3.2, respectively. The preferential replacement of @entity2 over H3.2 reinforces the view that the histone core does not degrade as a single unit.

title: Changes in histones H2A and H3 variant composition in differentiating and mature XXXX brain cortical neurons.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Blood samples were collected from 102 female prostitutes housed in a custodial care institution in Tamil Nadu, India, to determine the presence of antibodies to @entity0 @entity2 (HTLV-III). Both social and sexual histories were taken from 101 of the 102 @entity0 . Commercial test kits were used to test sera for antibody to HTLV-III. Reactive sera were tested for a 2nd time by the enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Those repeatedly reactive sera were transported to the US, the National Institutes of Health, for western blot analysis. The sera from 11 of the study subjects were found to be repeatedly reactive in ELISA, and 10 were confirmed to have specific antibody to the virus by western blot analysis. Both infected and uninfected @entity0 were similar in age and of low socioeconomic status. The risk ratio for HTLV-III antibody was 8.2 in those @entity0 who had had sexual exposure to foreigners. None of the @entity0 were intravenous drug abusers, and all denied oral or rectal intercourse. On the basis of the stringent criteria used in the western blot analysis, it is believed that the 10 @entity0 have HTLV-III antibody. This emerges as the 1st report of evidence for @entity2 in India. 10-40% of prostitutes in North America and Europe have HTLV-III antibody; the risk factors for @entity1 appear to be intravenous drug use and penis-rectal intercourse. 54-88% of prostitutes in Central Africa have HTLV-III antibody, and the frequency of sexual contact with different partners is more important here as a risk-factor than the type of intercourse. As the prostitutes in this study in Indian did not use intravenous drugs and did not practice penis-rectal or penis-oral intercourse and had been prostitutes for shorter periods of time than the noninfected @entity0 and had fewer contacts, it is believed that @entity2 has been introduced only recently into prostitutes in India. Sexual exposure to foreigners was a significant factor in the infected @entity0 .

title: Evidence for XXXX in prostitutes in Tamil Nadu (India).

answer: @entity2


abstract: A liquid chromatographic (LC) multiresidue method for determining residues of @entity6 insecticides in crops was collaboratively studied in 6 laboratories. @entity2 and a mechanical ultrasonic homogenizer are used to extract the @entity5 . Water-soluble plant coextractives and nonpolar plant lipid materials are removed from the @entity4 residues by liquid-liquid partitioning. Additional crop coextractives (e.g., carotenes, @entity0 ) are removed with a Nuchar SN-silanized Celite column. The @entity4 residues are then separated on a reverse phase LC column, using an @entity3 -water gradient mobile phase. Eluted residues are detected by an in-line post-column fluorometric detection technique. Seven @entity5 and 2 @entity4 metabolites were included in the collaborative study. Each collaborator determined all the @entity5 at 2 levels (approximately 0.05 ppm and United States tolerance) in blind duplicate samples of grapes and @entity1 . Fortified and control samples were analyzed. Repeatability coefficients of variation for all the @entity5 on the 2 crops averaged 4.7% and ranged from 2.4 to 7.1%. Reproducibility coefficients of variation for all the @entity5 on the 2 crops averaged 8.7% and ranged from 5.3 to 12.4%. Accuracy, measured by comparison with fortification values, averaged 95% and ranged from 79 to 103%. The estimated limit of quantitation is 0.01 ppm. The method has been adopted official first action.

title: Liquid chromatographic determination of XXXX insecticides and metabolites in crops. I. Collaborative study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity4 remains a serious complication of median sternotomy which requires prompt and aggressive surgical management. Debridement and closed irrigation has been the conventional mode of treatment. Failure to respond results in open drainage and @entity2 with its associated increased morbidity and mortality. Secondary closure with rectus @entity1 has been a marked advance in the treatment of these @entity0 . In an attempt to define guidelines for the treatment of @entity4 complicating median sternotomy, a retrospective review of 2,400 cardiac surgical cases at St. Vincent's Hospital from 1977 through 1982 was performed. There were 25 cases (1%) of @entity4 . Debridement and closed irrigation was successful in 16 @entity0 (64%) with an average postoperative hospital stay of 19 days. Failure resulted in open drainage in 2 @entity0 (8%) with an average hospital stay of 66 days and debridement and secondary closure by rectus @entity1 in 7 @entity0 (28%) with an average hospital stay of 28 days. There were no deaths in the entire series. Failure to respond to closed irrigation was not due to delay in diagnosis. The length of time between operation and the first sign of sternal dehiscence did not vary significantly. Sternal dissolution, the presence of anaerobic organisms, large volumes of purulent and necrotic material, however, were responsible for continued @entity4 and further sternal dehiscence. Open irrigation and delayed closure with @entity1 should be reserved for these @entity0 and appears to decrease significantly morbidity and length of hospital stay. @entity3 and closed irrigation, however, remains the primary method of treatment of the less virulent forms of @entity4 following median sternotomy.

title: Surgical management of infected median sternotomy: closed irrigation vs. XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Bone marrow and spleen cells obtained from female B6C3F1 @entity0 given a single i.p. exposure to @entity9 (0.9 mg/kg), @entity7 (12 mg/kg), or @entity8 (12 mg/kg), were studied using flow cytometry, immunologic, and hematologic assays. Significant changes were detected in subpopulations of bone marrow cells using multiparameter flow cytometry within 1 day following treatment with @entity2 or lead. Bone marrow cells obtained from B6C3F1 @entity0 5 days after treatment with @entity2 or lead were found to have a decreased number of cells expressing @entity4 , 55-7.2, 14.8, and @entity5 antigens, suggesting a shift to immature cell types. An increase in the number of progenitor cells (CFU-C) obtained from the bone marrow of @entity0 treated with heavy metals was also noted 5 days after exposure to @entity2 or lead. A time-dependent suppression of the in vitro primary humoral immune response of spleen cells to SRBCs, TNP-Ficoll and TNP- @entity1 was produced by @entity2 or lead treatment. Suppression of the mitogenic response of spleen cells to Con A, @entity6 , and @entity1 was also found to be time-dependent. Spleen cell surface marker expression ( @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity3 and 14.8) was altered in response to @entity2 or lead treatments, but these changes did not appear to correlate with the humoral immunity or mitogen-induced proliferation data. These studies demonstrate that changes in cell surface markers on discrete subpopulations of lymphoid cells present in the spleens of heavy metal exposed @entity0 may not correlate with alterations in the functional activity of these cells. However, changes in @entity0 bone marrow surface markers in response to @entity2 or lead treatment predicts a shift to immature cell types, which appeared to correlate with the increase in CFU-C activity.

title: Analysis of heavy metal immunotoxicity by multiparameter flow cytometry: correlation of flow cytometry and immune function data in B6CF1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is being increasingly utilized for @entity3 . It is unclear if @entity1 if being safely performed with satisfactory outcomes across the USA. We aimed to analyze the short-term surgical outcomes of @entity1 as compared to open esophagectomy (OE). METHODS: The National @entity2 Database (NCDB) was queried for @entity0 who underwent @entity1 or OE for esophageal @entity2 between 2010 and 2011. Margin positivity, lymph node retrieval, 30-day mortality, 30-day unplanned readmission rate and hospital length of stay. RESULTS: A total of 4047 @entity0 were identified; 3050 (75.4%) underwent OE, and 997 (24.6%) underwent @entity1 . The proportion of @entity1 increased from 21.9% in 2010 to 27.4% in 2011 (p  <  0.001). The conversion rate was 13.7%. There were no differences in- @entity0 or @entity2 characteristics between the two cohorts. OE and @entity1 were comparable in terms of margin positive resection rate (7.4% vs. 8.1%, p  =  0.48), 30-day unplanned readmission rate (7.6% vs. 7.2%, p  =  0.64) and 30-day mortality rate (4.3% vs. 3.3%, p  =  0.71). Compared to OE, @entity1 was associated with higher node retrieval (median 12 vs 14, p  <  0.001), and shorter hospital stay (median 11.0 vs 10.0 days, p  <  0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that surgical approach (OE vs @entity1 ) was not associated with 30-day mortality rate. In an ANCOVA analysis, @entity1 was independently associated with a shorter hospital stay compared to OE (estimated mean difference 1.57      0.53 days, p  =  0.003). @entity1 @entity0 who underwent conversion had a longer hospital stay compared to those who did not (11.0 vs 10.0 days, p  =  0.02). CONCLUSION: @entity1 is being offered more frequently to @entity0 with @entity3 , and maybe accompanied with better short-term outcomes including shorter hospital stay when compared to open esophagectomy.

title: Nationwide analysis of short-term surgical outcomes of minimally invasive esophagectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is a @entity1 caused by changes in @entity0 metabolism derived from mutations in the @entity3 gene. It is characterized by physical and neurological alterations. In the neonatal period, these alterations can be nonspecific, which makes early diagnosis a challenge. Diagnosis can be suspected when there are low levels of ceruloplasmin and serum @entity0 . Molecular analysis confirms the diagnosis. Treatment is parenteral administration of @entity4 . We report a familial case with molecular confirmation. The proband had clinical and biochemical suspicious. Treatment with @entity4 was indicated, but initiated at the age of 2 months and 27 days only. He did not present improvements and died at 6 months. The mother became pregnant again, a male fetus was identified and @entity4 was manufactured during pregnancy. He was born healthy, biochemical markers were reduced and treatment was indicated. Molecular analysis was performed confirming mutation in both the mother and the proband, while the other son did not have mutation, so treatment was discontinued. We support the clinical relevance of molecular confirmation for the correct diagnosis and genetic counseling, once clinical findings in the neonatal period are nonspecific and early treatment with parenteral @entity4 must be indicated.

title: XXXX : importance of diagnosis with molecular analysis in the neonatal period.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aortic arch surgery for @entity0 with @entity3 is frequently complicated by excessive @entity2 and transfusion of allogeneic blood products. However, the physiopathology of @entity3 and surgery-induced @entity4 has never been precisely studied. The aim of the present study is to describe the changes of the perioperative hemostatic system in @entity0 with @entity3 undergoing aortic arch surgery. METHODS: Sixty-two @entity0 undergoing emergent aortic arch surgery for Stanford type A @entity3 were enrolled in this study from January 2013 to September 2014. The hemostatic system was evaluated using standard laboratory tests, plasma @entity5 levels, and thromboelastogragh at 5 time points: anesthesia induction (T0), lowest nasopharyngeal temperature (T1), protamine reversal (T2), 4 h after surgery (T3), and on the first postoperative day (T4). RESULTS: The study results revealed that clotting factors had a tendency to be consumed in the preoperative period. Surgery and @entity6 resulted in a progressive reduction in clotting factors, platelet counts, and function, as well as @entity5 concentration and function. After hemostatic therapy, although platelet counts were constantly low, clotting factors and platelet function returned to nearly preoperative levels. In contrast, @entity5 concentration and function were still significantly lower than preoperative levels. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this prospective analysis showed that @entity3 itself activated the hemostatic system even before surgery. After hemostatic therapy, fibrin formation was more @entity1 . In this setting, we proposed that hemostatic therapy should focus on rapid and sufficient supplementation of @entity5 . Thus, we recommend further increases in @entity5 concentration to improve @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Changes in the Hemostatic System of XXXX With  Acute Aortic Dissection Undergoing Aortic  Arch Surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In invasive extramammary @entity4 (EMPD), distant @entity1 may develop and the condition may become fatal; however, no standardized treatment has been established. Although based on only a few cases, several chemotherapy regimens were reported to be promising. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of @entity3 for metastatic EMPD. We retrospectively collected data on 18 metastatic EMPD @entity0 treated using @entity3 from 1998 to 2012 in 12 institutes in Japan. The following clinical data were collected: @entity2 response, time to progression, overall survival and adverse effects. Of those, three @entity0 treated combined with S-1, one @entity0 treated with weekly schedule and one @entity0 treated combined with radiotherapy were excluded from the further analysis. All 13 @entity0 received monthly @entity3 as the first-line treatment. The average number of treatment cycles was 9.1. Among the 12 @entity0 with a confirmed response, seven (58%) showed a partial response, three (25%) stable disease and two (17%) progressive disease. The disease control rate (partial response + stable disease) was as high as 83%. The time to progression and median overall survival were 7.1 and 16.6 months, respectively. The 1-year overall survival rate determined by the Kaplan-Meier method was 75.0%. All adverse effects were manageable and no treatment-related deaths were observed. The high disease control rate and overall survival shown by this study suggest that first-line use of @entity3 may be a promising treatment for metastatic EMPD. A prospective clinical trial is required to confirm our results.

title: Usefulness of @entity3 as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic extramammary XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In invasive extramammary @entity4 (EMPD), distant @entity1 may develop and the condition may become fatal; however, no standardized treatment has been established. Although based on only a few cases, several chemotherapy regimens were reported to be promising. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of @entity3 for metastatic EMPD. We retrospectively collected data on 18 metastatic EMPD @entity0 treated using @entity3 from 1998 to 2012 in 12 institutes in Japan. The following clinical data were collected: @entity2 response, time to progression, overall survival and adverse effects. Of those, three @entity0 treated combined with S-1, one @entity0 treated with weekly schedule and one @entity0 treated combined with radiotherapy were excluded from the further analysis. All 13 @entity0 received monthly @entity3 as the first-line treatment. The average number of treatment cycles was 9.1. Among the 12 @entity0 with a confirmed response, seven (58%) showed a partial response, three (25%) stable disease and two (17%) progressive disease. The disease control rate (partial response + stable disease) was as high as 83%. The time to progression and median overall survival were 7.1 and 16.6 months, respectively. The 1-year overall survival rate determined by the Kaplan-Meier method was 75.0%. All adverse effects were manageable and no treatment-related deaths were observed. The high disease control rate and overall survival shown by this study suggest that first-line use of @entity3 may be a promising treatment for metastatic EMPD. A prospective clinical trial is required to confirm our results.

title: Usefulness of XXXX as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic extramammary @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In eleven @entity0 with @entity3 or perforated endocarditic aortic wall abscess cavity, the diagnostic usefulness of Color Doppler Echocardiography (CDE) for the identification of true and false lumen as well as the perforation jet was assessed by comparison with the findings of angiography, digital subtraction angiography, computed tomography and surgery. The information gained in addition to that of these procedures, as well as to that of the four conventional echocardiographic techniques was evaluated. Six @entity0 had @entity3 or III; in all of them the diagnosis had been established with conventional ultrasonic techniques. Similarly, in all @entity0 with @entity3 , a clear differentiation between true and false lumen in the aortic root and ascending aorta could already be made by grey-scaled echocardiography. In these @entity0 , however, CDE made the additional demonstration of the perforation jet into the false lumen possible. In those three @entity0 with @entity3 of @entity1 as well as in the abdominal aortic region of DeBakey type I, color Doppler echocardiography was the only method to define true and false lumen and to clearly localize the perforation sites. Two further @entity0 were found to have a small, local dissection, which could only be assumed by conventional echocardiography; the color Doppler M-mode image led to a clear diagnosis. In three @entity0 an @entity2 of the aortic wall could be detected by conventional echocardiography. Two-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography additionally enabled us to visualize the presence and the course of perforation flows. In two @entity0 color-coded Doppler echocardiography made it possible to detect perforations in regions which could not be localized either with conventional echocardiographic techniques or the above-mentioned control procedures.

title: [Color Doppler echocardiography in the diagnosis of XXXX and aortic wall abscesses].

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study was undertaken to assess whether various parameters of the extension of @entity1 with color Doppler imaging are comparable with angiographic techniques for classification of severity. In 39 @entity0 with @entity1 , 14 @entity0 and 25 @entity0 , mean age 53 +/- 14 years, Doppler echocardiographic examinations were performed prospectively for determination of length, width and area of the maximal extension of regurgitant flow (Figure 1). Angiographic assessment of severity showed grade I regurgitation in nine, grade II in 14, grade III in twelve, and grade IV in four @entity0 . The length of regurgitant flow in the color Doppler image showed an increasing tendency with increasing angiographic severity (r = 0.38, SEE = 13 mm), however, for various grades of severity, there was clear overlap. The area of regurgitation, similarly, due to substantial overlap, correlated only weakly with the angiographic data (r = 0.54, SEE = 196 mm2). To date, there is not theoretical basis for a correlation of the length and area of regurgitant flow with the severity and experimental studies have shown that there is no simple relationship. The best correlation was found for the width of the regurgitant flow (r = 0.63, SEE = 3 mm), however, here as well, there was clear overlap of data such that there was no statistically significant difference between grades II and III. Unequivocal differentiation of the values could only be achieved between grades I and IV. Based on a width of 7 mm, high-grade regurgitation could be detected with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 74%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Grading of the XXXX with the color Doppler echocardiography].

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Duration of a stay in an @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is considered a measure of quality, but current measures average lengths of stay across all conditions. Previous research on @entity3 length of stay has been limited to a single condition or a few hospitals. We use a census of one state's data to measure length of @entity3 stays by @entity0 ' conditions and dispositions and explore differences between means and medians as quality metrics. METHODS: The data source was the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project 2011 State Emergency Department Databases and State Inpatient Databases for Florida. Florida is unique in collecting @entity3 length of stay for both released and admitted @entity0 . Clinical Classifications Software was used to group visits based on first-listed International Classification of Disease, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification, diagnoses. RESULTS: For the 10 most common diagnoses, @entity0 with relatively minor injuries typically required the shortest mean stay (3 hours or less); conditions resulting in admission or transfer tended to be more serious, resulting in longer stays. @entity0 requiring the longest stays, by disposition, had discharge diagnoses of nonspecific @entity4 (mean 7.4 hours among discharged @entity0 ), @entity2 (4.8 hours among admissions), and @entity1 (9.6 hours among transfers) among the top 10 diagnoses. CONCLUSION: Emergency department length of stay as a measure of @entity3 quality should take into account the considerable variation by condition and disposition of the @entity0 . Emergency department length of stay measurement could be improved in the United States by standardizing its definition; distinguishing visits involving treatment, observation, and boarding; and incorporating more distributional information.

title: Length of stay in EDs: variation across classifications of clinical condition and XXXX discharge disposition.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: If the aortic arch is clamped between the brachiocephalic trunk and the left common carotid artery and the brachiocephalic trunk is also clamped, the total ascending aorta can be replaced without @entity1 . Candidates for this technique need to have the following characteristics: preoperative demonstration of Willis polygon patency by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, preoperative computed tomographic scan that shows no calcification in the arch or in the brachiocephalic trunk, and preoperative or intraoperative evidence of separate origins of the brachiocephalic trunk and the left common carotid artery. METHODS: In three different institutions (with different time frames in each) from December 2000 to December 2001, the possibility of replacing the total ascending aorta without @entity1 was evaluated in 14 cases. In 10 of them it was possible (feasibility of 71.4%). During the procedure continuous electroencephalographic monitoring was performed. RESULTS: No @entity0 died in the early or midterm follow-up. None of the @entity0 had any cerebral complications. The electroencephalographic activity was normal during the period of brachiocephalic trunk occlusion. In 5 @entity0 a postoperative spiral computed tomographic scan showed good surgical results. CONCLUSIONS: The technique described here allows replacement of the total ascending aorta without @entity1 in selected cases. Furthermore, the evidence of lack of right @entity2 in all the procedures we performed allows future exploration of the possibility of avoiding cerebral monitoring.

title: Total replacement of the ascending aorta without XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In a few @entity0 , 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) derived from reduced-lead-set configurations do not match the standard ECG. Constructing an ECG from a reduced number of standard leads should minimize this problem because some of the resultant 12 leads would always include "true" standard leads. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of a new reduced-lead-set 12-lead ECG ("interpolated" ECG) with the standard ECG to diagnose @entity9 and @entity8 . The interpolated ECG uses six standard electrode sites (limb leads plus @entity15 and V(5)), from which the remaining four precordial leads ( @entity14 , V(3), V(4), and V(6)) are constructed. Standard and interpolated ECGs were compared using data from 2 prospective clinical trials involving 649 @entity0 evaluated for 1) @entity5 in the emergency department ( @entity1 group, n = 509) or 2) @entity4 in the cardiac electrophysiology laboratory ( @entity9 group, n = 140). Diagnoses were identical between standard and interpolated ECGs for bundle branch and @entity7 , left @entity11 , @entity13 , prior inferior @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and the distinction of @entity10 from @entity12 with @entity6 . There was 99% agreement for prior anterior @entity3 (kappa, .935, P =.000). The percent agreement for @entity8 on the initial ECG recorded in @entity5 @entity0 in the emergency department was 99.2% (kappa, .978, P =.000). Of the 120 @entity0 who had ST events with continuous standard 12-lead ECG monitoring, 116 (97%) also had criteria for transient @entity1 with the interpolated ECG (ie, DeltaST >or= 100 microV in >or=1 lead(s) lasting >or=1 minute(s). The interpolated 12-lead ECG is comparable to the standard ECG for diagnosing multiple @entity2 , including wide-QRS-complex @entity4 and @entity8 . The advantages of this ECG method are that the standard electrode sites are familiar to clinicians and that eight of the 12 leads are "true" standard leads. Hence, QRS-axis and morphology criteria for diagnosing wide-QRS-complex @entity4 and bundle branch and @entity7 are preserved.

title: Comparison of a new reduced lead set ECG with the standard ECG for diagnosing XXXX and @entity8 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: In a few @entity0 , 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) derived from reduced-lead-set configurations do not match the standard ECG. Constructing an ECG from a reduced number of standard leads should minimize this problem because some of the resultant 12 leads would always include "true" standard leads. The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of a new reduced-lead-set 12-lead ECG ("interpolated" ECG) with the standard ECG to diagnose @entity9 and @entity8 . The interpolated ECG uses six standard electrode sites (limb leads plus @entity15 and V(5)), from which the remaining four precordial leads ( @entity14 , V(3), V(4), and V(6)) are constructed. Standard and interpolated ECGs were compared using data from 2 prospective clinical trials involving 649 @entity0 evaluated for 1) @entity5 in the emergency department ( @entity1 group, n = 509) or 2) @entity4 in the cardiac electrophysiology laboratory ( @entity9 group, n = 140). Diagnoses were identical between standard and interpolated ECGs for bundle branch and @entity7 , left @entity11 , @entity13 , prior inferior @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and the distinction of @entity10 from @entity12 with @entity6 . There was 99% agreement for prior anterior @entity3 (kappa, .935, P =.000). The percent agreement for @entity8 on the initial ECG recorded in @entity5 @entity0 in the emergency department was 99.2% (kappa, .978, P =.000). Of the 120 @entity0 who had ST events with continuous standard 12-lead ECG monitoring, 116 (97%) also had criteria for transient @entity1 with the interpolated ECG (ie, DeltaST >or= 100 microV in >or=1 lead(s) lasting >or=1 minute(s). The interpolated 12-lead ECG is comparable to the standard ECG for diagnosing multiple @entity2 , including wide-QRS-complex @entity4 and @entity8 . The advantages of this ECG method are that the standard electrode sites are familiar to clinicians and that eight of the 12 leads are "true" standard leads. Hence, QRS-axis and morphology criteria for diagnosing wide-QRS-complex @entity4 and bundle branch and @entity7 are preserved.

title: Comparison of a new reduced lead set ECG with the standard ECG for diagnosing @entity9 and XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) has recently been introduced into @entity0 therapy as a possible substitute for the structurally related drug, @entity2 (ADR), because it causes less @entity3 and fewer gastrointestinal side effects. However, the dose-limiting @entity1 of @entity6 is pronounced @entity4 . The in vitro hematoxicity of both drugs in granulocyte-macrophage precursor cells (GM-CFCs) was analyzed using drug-exposure schedules analogous to the principles of the in vivo pharmacokinetics of @entity6 . Bone-marrow and peripheral-blood cells were exposed to 0.075-20 ng/ml @entity6 or ADR for 5, 20, 60, and 120 min, and for 14 days. The 14-day exposure resulted in Do values of 0.95 and 0.68 ng/ml for bone-marrow and peripheral-blood GM-CFCs subjected to @entity6 . Exposure to ADR resulted in Do values of 5.43 and 5.13 ng/ml, respectively. As was the case after 14-day exposure to @entity6 or ADR, short-term exposure again revealed that peripheral-blood GM-CFCs were more sensitive to both drugs. Moreover, at low concentrations, ADR was less toxic than @entity6 in both types of GM-CFCs, but was more toxic than @entity6 when a concentration of 20 ng/ml was used. The intracellular concentration of @entity6 , as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, was constantly below 1 ng per 2 X 10(7) cells, even when it was applied at a concentration of 20 ng/ml for an exposure time of 2 h. The fact that such low concentrations of @entity6 are toxic for hemopoietic precursor cells may explain the myelotoxicity of this drug. However, the difference between the precursor-cell @entity1 of @entity6 and that of ADR was small when their respective therapeutic doses were taken into consideration. Further analyses of their @entity1 in stem cells and/or the microenvironment would appear to be needed.

title: Comparative in vitro @entity1 of XXXX and @entity2 in human granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) has recently been introduced into @entity0 therapy as a possible substitute for the structurally related drug, @entity2 (ADR), because it causes less @entity3 and fewer gastrointestinal side effects. However, the dose-limiting @entity1 of @entity6 is pronounced @entity4 . The in vitro hematoxicity of both drugs in granulocyte-macrophage precursor cells (GM-CFCs) was analyzed using drug-exposure schedules analogous to the principles of the in vivo pharmacokinetics of @entity6 . Bone-marrow and peripheral-blood cells were exposed to 0.075-20 ng/ml @entity6 or ADR for 5, 20, 60, and 120 min, and for 14 days. The 14-day exposure resulted in Do values of 0.95 and 0.68 ng/ml for bone-marrow and peripheral-blood GM-CFCs subjected to @entity6 . Exposure to ADR resulted in Do values of 5.43 and 5.13 ng/ml, respectively. As was the case after 14-day exposure to @entity6 or ADR, short-term exposure again revealed that peripheral-blood GM-CFCs were more sensitive to both drugs. Moreover, at low concentrations, ADR was less toxic than @entity6 in both types of GM-CFCs, but was more toxic than @entity6 when a concentration of 20 ng/ml was used. The intracellular concentration of @entity6 , as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, was constantly below 1 ng per 2 X 10(7) cells, even when it was applied at a concentration of 20 ng/ml for an exposure time of 2 h. The fact that such low concentrations of @entity6 are toxic for hemopoietic precursor cells may explain the myelotoxicity of this drug. However, the difference between the precursor-cell @entity1 of @entity6 and that of ADR was small when their respective therapeutic doses were taken into consideration. Further analyses of their @entity1 in stem cells and/or the microenvironment would appear to be needed.

title: Comparative in vitro XXXX of @entity5 and @entity2 in human granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) has recently been introduced into @entity0 therapy as a possible substitute for the structurally related drug, @entity2 (ADR), because it causes less @entity3 and fewer gastrointestinal side effects. However, the dose-limiting @entity1 of @entity6 is pronounced @entity4 . The in vitro hematoxicity of both drugs in granulocyte-macrophage precursor cells (GM-CFCs) was analyzed using drug-exposure schedules analogous to the principles of the in vivo pharmacokinetics of @entity6 . Bone-marrow and peripheral-blood cells were exposed to 0.075-20 ng/ml @entity6 or ADR for 5, 20, 60, and 120 min, and for 14 days. The 14-day exposure resulted in Do values of 0.95 and 0.68 ng/ml for bone-marrow and peripheral-blood GM-CFCs subjected to @entity6 . Exposure to ADR resulted in Do values of 5.43 and 5.13 ng/ml, respectively. As was the case after 14-day exposure to @entity6 or ADR, short-term exposure again revealed that peripheral-blood GM-CFCs were more sensitive to both drugs. Moreover, at low concentrations, ADR was less toxic than @entity6 in both types of GM-CFCs, but was more toxic than @entity6 when a concentration of 20 ng/ml was used. The intracellular concentration of @entity6 , as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, was constantly below 1 ng per 2 X 10(7) cells, even when it was applied at a concentration of 20 ng/ml for an exposure time of 2 h. The fact that such low concentrations of @entity6 are toxic for hemopoietic precursor cells may explain the myelotoxicity of this drug. However, the difference between the precursor-cell @entity1 of @entity6 and that of ADR was small when their respective therapeutic doses were taken into consideration. Further analyses of their @entity1 in stem cells and/or the microenvironment would appear to be needed.

title: Comparative in vitro @entity1 of @entity5 and XXXX in human granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this paper, we review the experience with @entity6 in @entity2 and other @entity1 . Since the best available data are from the treatment of @entity5 , we will focus primarily on this condition. Originally @entity6 was launched as an anorectic agent. As early as 1985, @entity4 reduction in @entity0 could be demonstrated in a few cases with photosensitive, self-induced @entity2 . Hereafter, a small study was launched in @entity0 with self-induced @entity2 . Results showed a significant @entity4 reduction, and review of the @entity0 data showed that 5 of the 12 @entity0 had @entity5 . During that observation period, @entity6 was withdrawn from the market because of cardiovascular side effects associated with prescribing higher doses in combination with @entity7 for @entity3 . In March 2002, a Belgian Royal Decree was issued permitting further study of @entity6 in pediatric @entity0 with intractable @entity2 . In 2011 under the Royal Decree, a prospective study of @entity0 with @entity5 treated with low-dose @entity6 was initiated and is currently ongoing. The initial results are promising in terms of reduction of @entity4 frequency and overall tolerability.

title: Low-dose XXXX in the treatment of neurologic disorders: experience in @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this paper, we review the experience with @entity6 in @entity2 and other @entity1 . Since the best available data are from the treatment of @entity5 , we will focus primarily on this condition. Originally @entity6 was launched as an anorectic agent. As early as 1985, @entity4 reduction in @entity0 could be demonstrated in a few cases with photosensitive, self-induced @entity2 . Hereafter, a small study was launched in @entity0 with self-induced @entity2 . Results showed a significant @entity4 reduction, and review of the @entity0 data showed that 5 of the 12 @entity0 had @entity5 . During that observation period, @entity6 was withdrawn from the market because of cardiovascular side effects associated with prescribing higher doses in combination with @entity7 for @entity3 . In March 2002, a Belgian Royal Decree was issued permitting further study of @entity6 in pediatric @entity0 with intractable @entity2 . In 2011 under the Royal Decree, a prospective study of @entity0 with @entity5 treated with low-dose @entity6 was initiated and is currently ongoing. The initial results are promising in terms of reduction of @entity4 frequency and overall tolerability.

title: Low-dose @entity6 in the treatment of neurologic disorders: experience in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: When a @entity0 with @entity3 presents emergently with acute @entity2 , the optimum treatment plan is not clearly defined. If intervention is warranted, and open surgery is prohibitive, endovascular revascularization may be performed. The use of stents places the @entity0 at additional risk due to their thrombogenic potential. The intent of this study was to compare outcomes following endovascular approaches (angioplasty alone vs. stent) in the setting of @entity1 . METHODS: We extracted a population from the National Inpatient Sample (2012) and the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2003-2011) composed of @entity0 with @entity3 with @entity5 that were admitted nonelectively and received endovascular revascularization. @entity0 treated with mechanical thrombectomy or thrombolysis were excluded. Categorical variables were compared between treatment groups with Chi-squared tests. Binary logistic regression was performed to evaluate mortality and @entity1 while controlling for age, case severity, and comorbidity burden. RESULTS: About 6,333 admissions met our criteria. A majority were treated via stenting (89%, n = 5,608). The angioplasty-alone group had significantly higher mortality (9.0% vs. 3.8%, p < 0.001) and @entity1 rate (3.9% vs. 1.9%, p < 0.001) than the stent group. The adjusted odds ratios of mortality and @entity1 for @entity0 treated with angioplasty alone were 1.953 (p < 0.001) and 1.451 (p = 0.105), respectively, in comparison to @entity0 treated with carotid stenting. CONCLUSION: Multivariate analysis found the risk of mortality to be elevated following angioplasty alone. This may represent selection bias, but it also may indicate that symptomatic @entity0 with @entity1 suffer from severe @entity4 and unstable plaques that would benefit from stent placement. These results would caution angioplasty alone as an arm of a future randomized trial involving this severely burdened @entity0 population requiring urgent intervention.

title: Carotid Artery Stenosis with Acute XXXX : Stenting versus Angioplasty.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) has produced guidelines for the management of @entity2 in primary care. AIM: To investigate the impact on @entity0 management of an educational strategy to promote these guidelines among general practitioners (GPs). DESIGN OF STUDY: Group randomised controlled trial, using the health centre as the unit of randomisation. SETTING: Primary care teams in north-west England. METHOD: Twenty-four health centres were randomly allocated to an intervention or control arm. Practices in the intervention arm were offered outreach visits to promote national guidelines on @entity2 , as well as access to fast-track physiotherapy and to a triage service for @entity0 with persistent symptoms. RESULTS: Twenty-four centres were randomised. Two thousand, one hundred and eighty-seven eligible @entity0 presented with @entity2 during the study period: 1049 in the intervention group and 1138 in the control group. There were no significant differences between study groups in the proportion of @entity0 who were referred for X-ray, issued with a sickness certificate, prescribed opioids or muscle relaxants, or who were referred to secondary care, but significantly more @entity0 in the intervention group were referred to physiotherapy or the @entity1 unit (difference in proportion = 12.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.8% to 21.6%). CONCLUSION: The management of @entity0 presenting with @entity2 to primary care was mostly unchanged by an outreach educational strategy to promote greater adherence to RCGP guidelines among GPs. An increase in referral to physiotherapy or educational programmes followed the provision of a triage service.

title: Implementation of RCGP guidelines for XXXX : a cluster randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 with @entity2 are willing to undergo aggressive treatments and accept alterations in quality of life to attain recovery or to prolong their life. It is unclear how physicians perceive alterations in quality of life. This study examined whether physicians considered changes in quality of life when selecting a treatment for @entity2 . METHODOLOGY: A large, Belgian, general practitioner population received a questionnaire in the mail requesting their opinions on quality of life for @entity0 with @entity1 . They assessed the impacts of symptoms, treatments, and side effects. RESULTS: 506 responses were received and evaluated. A majority of physicians (85.7%) thought that quality of life must be considered when selecting a treatment, even when it represented lower chance of survival. Moreover, 82.4% felt that proposing no treatment was justified when treatment caused impaired quality of life. Most physicians thought that the quality of life was worse for @entity0 with @entity1 in the head and neck than for @entity0 with @entity1 in any other location. Moreover, most physicians thought that the @entity0 (98.2%) and the family doctor (89%) should participate in selecting the treatment. The symptoms that ranked highest for impacting quality of life were @entity3 and breathing quality, followed by feeding requirements, voice quality, and physical appearance. Radiotherapy was thought to offer the best quality of life. CONCLUSION: Physicians considered quality of life a very important factor in treating @entity0 with @entity2 . This medical perception strongly influences the choice of treatment.

title: The generalists' perception of quality of life in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Even in high-income countries some population groups depend on food banks to support their food intake. We aimed to explore and compare health and nutritional status of food bank clients (Tafel e.V.) in different cities in Germany. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, self-reported health and nutritional status of food bank clients living in three cities (Berlin - capital, Ludwigsburg- affluent city, Fulda - small town) which differ in size, available income and poverty rate, were assessed and compared to survey variables of the low socioeconomic status population of national surveys ( @entity4 and GEDA). RESULTS: Across cities, food bank clients (N   =   276, response rate of 21.5  %) did not differ in main socio-demographic characteristics (age, nationality, education, professional qualification, household income). Smoking, having at least one @entity3 , estimating their own health status as moderate to poor and low consumption of fruits and vegetables were common characteristics. Comparing selected variables with the low socioeconomic status population of @entity4 and GEDA, differences were found for a higher prevalence of @entity1 among food bank clients and a worse self-reported health status. Considerably lower fruit consumption and lower @entity2 prevalence among female and lower overweight rates among male food bank clients were found. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity0 using food banks vary in socio-demographic background, no differences for main demographics across the cities were found. In addition, the study suggests that for some health- and nutrition-related variables, national surveys in Germany might underestimate socioeconomic differences.

title: An explorative cross-sectional study examining self-reported health and nutritional status of disadvantaged XXXX using food banks in Germany.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To define the entity of @entity1 caused by tethering of the tricuspid valve leaflets by aberrant tendinous chords. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Tertiary care centre (university teaching hospital). @entity0 : 10 @entity0 with unexplained severe @entity1 . METHODS: The last 13 500 echocardiographic studies from our facility were reviewed to identify @entity0 with severe unexplained @entity1 . Tethering was defined by the presence of aberrant tendinous chords to the tricuspid valve leaflets limiting the mobility of the tricuspid leaflet and resulting in incomplete coaptation and apical displacement of the regurgitant jet origin. Aberrant tendinous chords were defined as those inserting at the clear zone of the tricuspid leaflet and not originating from the papillary muscle. @entity0 fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for @entity2 were excluded. RESULTS: 10 @entity0 with aberrant tendinous chords tethering one or more tricuspid valve leaflets were identified. There were short non-aberrant tendinous chords in seven @entity0 , five of whom also had right ventricular or tricuspid annulus dilatation. CONCLUSIONS: Tethering of the tricuspid valve leaflets by aberrant tendinous chords can be the sole mechanism of @entity1 . It is often associated with short non-aberrant tendinous chords, which may develop secondary to right ventricular or tricuspid annulus dilatation. Awareness of tethering as a cause of @entity1 may be important in planning reconstructive surgery.

title: Aberrant tendinous chords with tethering of the tricuspid leaflets: a congenital anomaly causing severe XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity3 inhibitors (NAIs) on @entity2 -related @entity1 ( @entity5 ) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and @entity5 incidence and outcomes in @entity0 hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity4 . METHODS: A worldwide meta-analysis of individual @entity0 data from 20 634 hospitalised @entity0 with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 20 021) or clinically diagnosed (n = 613) 'pandemic @entity2 '. The primary outcome was radiologically confirmed @entity5 . Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalised linear mixed modelling, adjusting for NAI treatment propensity, antibiotics and corticosteroids. RESULTS: Of 20 634 included @entity0 , 5978 (29  0%) had @entity5 ; conversely, 3349 (16  2%) had confirmed the absence of radiographic @entity1 (the comparator). Early NAI treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) versus no NAI was not significantly associated with @entity5 [adj. OR 0  83 (95% CI 0  64-1  06; P = 0  136)]. Among the 5978 @entity0 with @entity5 , early NAI treatment versus none did not impact on mortality [adj. OR = 0  72 (0  44-1  17; P = 0  180)] or likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 1  17 (0  71-1  92; P = 0  537)], but early treatment versus later significantly reduced mortality [adj. OR = 0  70 (0  55-0  88; P = 0  003)] and likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 0  68 (0  54-0  85; P = 0  001)]. CONCLUSIONS: Early NAI treatment of @entity0 hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity4 versus no treatment did not reduce the likelihood of @entity5 . However, in @entity0 who developed @entity5 , early NAI treatment versus later reduced the likelihood of mortality and needing ventilatory support.

title: Impact of XXXX inhibitors on @entity2 A(H1N1)pdm09-related @entity1 : an individual @entity0 data meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity3 inhibitors (NAIs) on @entity2 -related @entity1 ( @entity5 ) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and @entity5 incidence and outcomes in @entity0 hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity4 . METHODS: A worldwide meta-analysis of individual @entity0 data from 20 634 hospitalised @entity0 with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 20 021) or clinically diagnosed (n = 613) 'pandemic @entity2 '. The primary outcome was radiologically confirmed @entity5 . Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalised linear mixed modelling, adjusting for NAI treatment propensity, antibiotics and corticosteroids. RESULTS: Of 20 634 included @entity0 , 5978 (29  0%) had @entity5 ; conversely, 3349 (16  2%) had confirmed the absence of radiographic @entity1 (the comparator). Early NAI treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) versus no NAI was not significantly associated with @entity5 [adj. OR 0  83 (95% CI 0  64-1  06; P = 0  136)]. Among the 5978 @entity0 with @entity5 , early NAI treatment versus none did not impact on mortality [adj. OR = 0  72 (0  44-1  17; P = 0  180)] or likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 1  17 (0  71-1  92; P = 0  537)], but early treatment versus later significantly reduced mortality [adj. OR = 0  70 (0  55-0  88; P = 0  003)] and likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 0  68 (0  54-0  85; P = 0  001)]. CONCLUSIONS: Early NAI treatment of @entity0 hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity4 versus no treatment did not reduce the likelihood of @entity5 . However, in @entity0 who developed @entity5 , early NAI treatment versus later reduced the likelihood of mortality and needing ventilatory support.

title: Impact of @entity3 inhibitors on XXXX A(H1N1)pdm09-related @entity1 : an individual @entity0 data meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity3 inhibitors (NAIs) on @entity2 -related @entity1 ( @entity5 ) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and @entity5 incidence and outcomes in @entity0 hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity4 . METHODS: A worldwide meta-analysis of individual @entity0 data from 20 634 hospitalised @entity0 with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 20 021) or clinically diagnosed (n = 613) 'pandemic @entity2 '. The primary outcome was radiologically confirmed @entity5 . Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalised linear mixed modelling, adjusting for NAI treatment propensity, antibiotics and corticosteroids. RESULTS: Of 20 634 included @entity0 , 5978 (29  0%) had @entity5 ; conversely, 3349 (16  2%) had confirmed the absence of radiographic @entity1 (the comparator). Early NAI treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) versus no NAI was not significantly associated with @entity5 [adj. OR 0  83 (95% CI 0  64-1  06; P = 0  136)]. Among the 5978 @entity0 with @entity5 , early NAI treatment versus none did not impact on mortality [adj. OR = 0  72 (0  44-1  17; P = 0  180)] or likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 1  17 (0  71-1  92; P = 0  537)], but early treatment versus later significantly reduced mortality [adj. OR = 0  70 (0  55-0  88; P = 0  003)] and likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 0  68 (0  54-0  85; P = 0  001)]. CONCLUSIONS: Early NAI treatment of @entity0 hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity4 versus no treatment did not reduce the likelihood of @entity5 . However, in @entity0 who developed @entity5 , early NAI treatment versus later reduced the likelihood of mortality and needing ventilatory support.

title: Impact of @entity3 inhibitors on @entity2 A(H1N1)pdm09-related XXXX : an individual @entity0 data meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity3 inhibitors (NAIs) on @entity2 -related @entity1 ( @entity5 ) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and @entity5 incidence and outcomes in @entity0 hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity4 . METHODS: A worldwide meta-analysis of individual @entity0 data from 20 634 hospitalised @entity0 with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 (n = 20 021) or clinically diagnosed (n = 613) 'pandemic @entity2 '. The primary outcome was radiologically confirmed @entity5 . Odds ratios (OR) were estimated using generalised linear mixed modelling, adjusting for NAI treatment propensity, antibiotics and corticosteroids. RESULTS: Of 20 634 included @entity0 , 5978 (29  0%) had @entity5 ; conversely, 3349 (16  2%) had confirmed the absence of radiographic @entity1 (the comparator). Early NAI treatment (within 2 days of symptom onset) versus no NAI was not significantly associated with @entity5 [adj. OR 0  83 (95% CI 0  64-1  06; P = 0  136)]. Among the 5978 @entity0 with @entity5 , early NAI treatment versus none did not impact on mortality [adj. OR = 0  72 (0  44-1  17; P = 0  180)] or likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 1  17 (0  71-1  92; P = 0  537)], but early treatment versus later significantly reduced mortality [adj. OR = 0  70 (0  55-0  88; P = 0  003)] and likelihood of requiring ventilatory support [adj. OR = 0  68 (0  54-0  85; P = 0  001)]. CONCLUSIONS: Early NAI treatment of @entity0 hospitalised with A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity4 versus no treatment did not reduce the likelihood of @entity5 . However, in @entity0 who developed @entity5 , early NAI treatment versus later reduced the likelihood of mortality and needing ventilatory support.

title: Impact of @entity3 inhibitors on @entity2 A(H1N1)pdm09-related @entity1 : an individual XXXX data meta-analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines on statin initiation on the basis of total @entity2 risk argue that the preventive effect of statins on cardiovascular events outweigh the side effects, although this is controversial. Studies indicate a possible effect of statin therapy on reducing risk of @entity4 . However, the results are conflicting. The @entity9 and @entity10 in @entity6 study (NCT00092677) enrolled 1,873 @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity6 and no history of @entity1 , @entity5 , or other serious co-morbidities were randomized (1:1) to double-blind 40  mg @entity9 plus 10  mg @entity10 versus placebo. The primary end point in this substudy was incident @entity4 . Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to analyze: (1) if the active treatment reduced the risk of the primary end point and (2) if time-varying low-density lipoproteins (LDL) @entity3 lowering (annually assessed) was associated with less incident @entity4 per se. During an average follow-up of 4.3  years, 65 @entity0 (3.5%) developed @entity4 . Mean age at baseline was 68  years and 39% were @entity0 . In Cox multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, @entity7 treatment, smoking, baseline LDL @entity3 and high sensitivity @entity8 ; @entity9 plus @entity10 versus placebo was associated with 44% lower risk of @entity4 development (hazard ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.33 to 0.96, p  = 0.034). In a parallel analysis substituting time-varying LDL- @entity3 with randomized treatment, lower intreatment LDL- @entity3 was in itself associated with lower risk of incident @entity4 (hazard ratio 0.78 per 1  mmol/ml lower total @entity3 , 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.93, p  = 0.008). In conclusion, randomized treatment with @entity9 plus @entity10 was associated with a 44% lower risk of incident @entity4 development. This effect should perhaps be considered in the risk-benefit ratio of statin treatment.

title: Effect of Randomized Lipid Lowering With @entity9 and XXXX on Cataract Development (from the @entity9 and @entity10 in @entity6 Study).

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines on statin initiation on the basis of total @entity2 risk argue that the preventive effect of statins on cardiovascular events outweigh the side effects, although this is controversial. Studies indicate a possible effect of statin therapy on reducing risk of @entity4 . However, the results are conflicting. The @entity9 and @entity10 in @entity6 study (NCT00092677) enrolled 1,873 @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity6 and no history of @entity1 , @entity5 , or other serious co-morbidities were randomized (1:1) to double-blind 40  mg @entity9 plus 10  mg @entity10 versus placebo. The primary end point in this substudy was incident @entity4 . Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to analyze: (1) if the active treatment reduced the risk of the primary end point and (2) if time-varying low-density lipoproteins (LDL) @entity3 lowering (annually assessed) was associated with less incident @entity4 per se. During an average follow-up of 4.3  years, 65 @entity0 (3.5%) developed @entity4 . Mean age at baseline was 68  years and 39% were @entity0 . In Cox multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, @entity7 treatment, smoking, baseline LDL @entity3 and high sensitivity @entity8 ; @entity9 plus @entity10 versus placebo was associated with 44% lower risk of @entity4 development (hazard ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.33 to 0.96, p  = 0.034). In a parallel analysis substituting time-varying LDL- @entity3 with randomized treatment, lower intreatment LDL- @entity3 was in itself associated with lower risk of incident @entity4 (hazard ratio 0.78 per 1  mmol/ml lower total @entity3 , 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.93, p  = 0.008). In conclusion, randomized treatment with @entity9 plus @entity10 was associated with a 44% lower risk of incident @entity4 development. This effect should perhaps be considered in the risk-benefit ratio of statin treatment.

title: Effect of Randomized Lipid Lowering With @entity9 and @entity10 on Cataract Development (from the @entity9 and XXXX in @entity6 Study).

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines on statin initiation on the basis of total @entity2 risk argue that the preventive effect of statins on cardiovascular events outweigh the side effects, although this is controversial. Studies indicate a possible effect of statin therapy on reducing risk of @entity4 . However, the results are conflicting. The @entity9 and @entity10 in @entity6 study (NCT00092677) enrolled 1,873 @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity6 and no history of @entity1 , @entity5 , or other serious co-morbidities were randomized (1:1) to double-blind 40  mg @entity9 plus 10  mg @entity10 versus placebo. The primary end point in this substudy was incident @entity4 . Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to analyze: (1) if the active treatment reduced the risk of the primary end point and (2) if time-varying low-density lipoproteins (LDL) @entity3 lowering (annually assessed) was associated with less incident @entity4 per se. During an average follow-up of 4.3  years, 65 @entity0 (3.5%) developed @entity4 . Mean age at baseline was 68  years and 39% were @entity0 . In Cox multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, @entity7 treatment, smoking, baseline LDL @entity3 and high sensitivity @entity8 ; @entity9 plus @entity10 versus placebo was associated with 44% lower risk of @entity4 development (hazard ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.33 to 0.96, p  = 0.034). In a parallel analysis substituting time-varying LDL- @entity3 with randomized treatment, lower intreatment LDL- @entity3 was in itself associated with lower risk of incident @entity4 (hazard ratio 0.78 per 1  mmol/ml lower total @entity3 , 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.93, p  = 0.008). In conclusion, randomized treatment with @entity9 plus @entity10 was associated with a 44% lower risk of incident @entity4 development. This effect should perhaps be considered in the risk-benefit ratio of statin treatment.

title: Effect of Randomized Lipid Lowering With @entity9 and @entity10 on Cataract Development (from the @entity9 and @entity10 in XXXX Study).

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines on statin initiation on the basis of total @entity2 risk argue that the preventive effect of statins on cardiovascular events outweigh the side effects, although this is controversial. Studies indicate a possible effect of statin therapy on reducing risk of @entity4 . However, the results are conflicting. The @entity9 and @entity10 in @entity6 study (NCT00092677) enrolled 1,873 @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity6 and no history of @entity1 , @entity5 , or other serious co-morbidities were randomized (1:1) to double-blind 40  mg @entity9 plus 10  mg @entity10 versus placebo. The primary end point in this substudy was incident @entity4 . Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to analyze: (1) if the active treatment reduced the risk of the primary end point and (2) if time-varying low-density lipoproteins (LDL) @entity3 lowering (annually assessed) was associated with less incident @entity4 per se. During an average follow-up of 4.3  years, 65 @entity0 (3.5%) developed @entity4 . Mean age at baseline was 68  years and 39% were @entity0 . In Cox multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, @entity7 treatment, smoking, baseline LDL @entity3 and high sensitivity @entity8 ; @entity9 plus @entity10 versus placebo was associated with 44% lower risk of @entity4 development (hazard ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.33 to 0.96, p  = 0.034). In a parallel analysis substituting time-varying LDL- @entity3 with randomized treatment, lower intreatment LDL- @entity3 was in itself associated with lower risk of incident @entity4 (hazard ratio 0.78 per 1  mmol/ml lower total @entity3 , 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.93, p  = 0.008). In conclusion, randomized treatment with @entity9 plus @entity10 was associated with a 44% lower risk of incident @entity4 development. This effect should perhaps be considered in the risk-benefit ratio of statin treatment.

title: Effect of Randomized Lipid Lowering With XXXX and @entity10 on Cataract Development (from the @entity9 and @entity10 in @entity6 Study).

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines on statin initiation on the basis of total @entity2 risk argue that the preventive effect of statins on cardiovascular events outweigh the side effects, although this is controversial. Studies indicate a possible effect of statin therapy on reducing risk of @entity4 . However, the results are conflicting. The @entity9 and @entity10 in @entity6 study (NCT00092677) enrolled 1,873 @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity6 and no history of @entity1 , @entity5 , or other serious co-morbidities were randomized (1:1) to double-blind 40  mg @entity9 plus 10  mg @entity10 versus placebo. The primary end point in this substudy was incident @entity4 . Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to analyze: (1) if the active treatment reduced the risk of the primary end point and (2) if time-varying low-density lipoproteins (LDL) @entity3 lowering (annually assessed) was associated with less incident @entity4 per se. During an average follow-up of 4.3  years, 65 @entity0 (3.5%) developed @entity4 . Mean age at baseline was 68  years and 39% were @entity0 . In Cox multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, @entity7 treatment, smoking, baseline LDL @entity3 and high sensitivity @entity8 ; @entity9 plus @entity10 versus placebo was associated with 44% lower risk of @entity4 development (hazard ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.33 to 0.96, p  = 0.034). In a parallel analysis substituting time-varying LDL- @entity3 with randomized treatment, lower intreatment LDL- @entity3 was in itself associated with lower risk of incident @entity4 (hazard ratio 0.78 per 1  mmol/ml lower total @entity3 , 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.93, p  = 0.008). In conclusion, randomized treatment with @entity9 plus @entity10 was associated with a 44% lower risk of incident @entity4 development. This effect should perhaps be considered in the risk-benefit ratio of statin treatment.

title: Effect of Randomized Lipid Lowering With @entity9 and @entity10 on Cataract Development (from the XXXX and @entity10 in @entity6 Study).

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is associated with an increased mortality risk in elderly or high-risk @entity0 . Transcatheter @entity3 (TAVI) is an alternative to surgery in @entity0 with symptomatic severe @entity2 who are inoperable or at high operative risk. The impact of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) on @entity0 referred to TAVI merits further investigation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and the impact of @entity1 status on the updated Valve Academic Research Consortium 2-defined outcomes of TAVI and to stratify @entity0 outcomes according to their initial glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. We enrolled and stratified @entity0 who underwent TAVI at our institution according to @entity1 status. A total of 586 @entity0 were enrolled: 348 (59%) without @entity1 and 238 (41%) with @entity1 . There were no significant differences in 30-day mortality @entity0 with @entity1 compared to @entity0 without @entity1 (3.3% vs 2.9%, p  =  0.974). Insulin-treated @entity1 was not associated with adverse outcome in comparison to orally treated @entity1 . To delineate the prognostic power of @entity4 C in these @entity0 , the cohort was divided into 3 groups according to HbA1C levels (<5.7%, 5.7% to 6.49%, and >= 6.5%). @entity0 with HbA1C >= 6.5% were at increased risk for mortality during follow-up (hazard ratio 2.571, 95% confidence interval 1.077 to 6.136, p  = 0.033) compared to @entity0 with HbA1C <5.7%. In conclusion, unlike SAVR, @entity1 is not associated with an increased mortality risk after TAVI, nor is it associated with increased complications rates. A more poorly controlled disease, as manifested by elevated HbA1c levels, may be associated with increased mortality during long-term follow-up.

title: Impact of XXXX and Hemoglobin A1C on Outcome After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 is characterized by a dramatic increase in the expression of type I collagen. Several deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I-hypersensitive sites (HS) have been located in the distal 5'-flanking region of the alpha1(I) collagen gene that are specific to collagen-producing cells. To assess the role of the @entity3 -HS in regulating alpha1(I) collagen gene expression in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), 3 transgenic @entity0 lines expressing collagen-alpha1(I) reporter genes were used (Krempen et al. Gene Expr 1999;8:151-163). The pCol9GFP transgene contains the collagen gene promoter (-3122 to +111) linked to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. The pCol9GFP-HS4,5 transgene contains HS4,5 and pColGFP-HS8,9 contains HS8,9 positioned upstream of the collagen promoter in pCol9GFP. HSCs isolated from @entity0 containing pCol9GFPHS4,5 and pColGFP-HS8,9 showed earlier and higher GFP expression patterns than HSCs isolated from pCol9GFP @entity0 . HSCs from pCol9GFP-HS4,5 showed the highest levels of GFP expression and culture-induced expression correlated with induction of the endogenous alpha1(I) collagen gene. After @entity5 administration, pCol9GFP-HS4,5 @entity0 showed increased GFP expression compared with pCol9GFP @entity0 in both whole liver extracts and isolated HSCs. Several sites for DNA-protein interactions in both HS4 and HS5 were identified that included a binding site for @entity4 . In conclusion, @entity3 -HS4,5 enhance expression of the alpha1(I) collagen gene promoter in HSCs both in vitro and in vivo after a fibrogenic stimulus. The collagen-GFP @entity0 provide a convenient and reliable model system to investigate the molecular mechanisms controlling increased collagen expression during @entity1 .

title: XXXX -hypersensitive sites enhance alpha1(I) collagen gene expression in hepatic stellate cells.

answer: @entity3