abstract: BACKGROUND: The model of the isolated and superfused retina provides the opportunity to test drugs and toxins. Some chemicals have to be applied using low concentrations of organic solvents as carriers. Recently, @entity7 ) and T-type (Cav3.2) voltage-gated @entity0 channels were identified as participating in reciprocal inhibitory retinal signaling. Their participation is apparent, when low concentrations of @entity6 (15   M) are applied during superfusion leading to an increase of the ERG b-wave amplitude, which is explained by a reduction of amacrine @entity4 -release onto @entity2 . During these investigations, differences were observed for the solvent carrier used. METHODS: Recording of the transretinal receptor potentials from the isolated @entity1 retina. RESULTS: The pretreatment of @entity1 retina with 0.01  % (v/v) @entity5 did not impair the @entity6 -mediated increase of the b-wave amplitude, which was 1.31-fold        0.03 of initial value (n   =   4). However, pretreatment of the retina with the same concentration of @entity3 impaired reciprocal signaling (0.96-fold        0.05, n   =   4). Further, the implicit time of the b-wave was increased, suggesting that @entity3 itself but not @entity5 may antagonize @entity4 -receptors. CONCLUSION: @entity3 itself but not @entity5 may block @entity4 receptors and cause an amplitude increase by itself, so that reciprocal signaling is impaired.

title: Low concentrations of @entity3 but not of XXXX ( @entity5 ) impair reciprocal retinal signal transduction.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The model of the isolated and superfused retina provides the opportunity to test drugs and toxins. Some chemicals have to be applied using low concentrations of organic solvents as carriers. Recently, @entity7 ) and T-type (Cav3.2) voltage-gated @entity0 channels were identified as participating in reciprocal inhibitory retinal signaling. Their participation is apparent, when low concentrations of @entity6 (15   M) are applied during superfusion leading to an increase of the ERG b-wave amplitude, which is explained by a reduction of amacrine @entity4 -release onto @entity2 . During these investigations, differences were observed for the solvent carrier used. METHODS: Recording of the transretinal receptor potentials from the isolated @entity1 retina. RESULTS: The pretreatment of @entity1 retina with 0.01  % (v/v) @entity5 did not impair the @entity6 -mediated increase of the b-wave amplitude, which was 1.31-fold        0.03 of initial value (n   =   4). However, pretreatment of the retina with the same concentration of @entity3 impaired reciprocal signaling (0.96-fold        0.05, n   =   4). Further, the implicit time of the b-wave was increased, suggesting that @entity3 itself but not @entity5 may antagonize @entity4 -receptors. CONCLUSION: @entity3 itself but not @entity5 may block @entity4 receptors and cause an amplitude increase by itself, so that reciprocal signaling is impaired.

title: Low concentrations of @entity3 but not of @entity5 ( XXXX ) impair reciprocal retinal signal transduction.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The model of the isolated and superfused retina provides the opportunity to test drugs and toxins. Some chemicals have to be applied using low concentrations of organic solvents as carriers. Recently, @entity7 ) and T-type (Cav3.2) voltage-gated @entity0 channels were identified as participating in reciprocal inhibitory retinal signaling. Their participation is apparent, when low concentrations of @entity6 (15   M) are applied during superfusion leading to an increase of the ERG b-wave amplitude, which is explained by a reduction of amacrine @entity4 -release onto @entity2 . During these investigations, differences were observed for the solvent carrier used. METHODS: Recording of the transretinal receptor potentials from the isolated @entity1 retina. RESULTS: The pretreatment of @entity1 retina with 0.01  % (v/v) @entity5 did not impair the @entity6 -mediated increase of the b-wave amplitude, which was 1.31-fold        0.03 of initial value (n   =   4). However, pretreatment of the retina with the same concentration of @entity3 impaired reciprocal signaling (0.96-fold        0.05, n   =   4). Further, the implicit time of the b-wave was increased, suggesting that @entity3 itself but not @entity5 may antagonize @entity4 -receptors. CONCLUSION: @entity3 itself but not @entity5 may block @entity4 receptors and cause an amplitude increase by itself, so that reciprocal signaling is impaired.

title: Low concentrations of XXXX but not of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) impair reciprocal retinal signal transduction.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Gender differences in prevalence and prognostic impact of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have been poorly evaluated. In @entity3 , female gender has been independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. @entity4 has been found to be an important prognostic marker in @entity3 . The aim of this study was to evaluate gender differences in prevalence and prognostic impact of @entity4 on short-term and long-term mortality. DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING: The national quality register SWEDEHEART was used. In the beginning of the study period, 94% of the Swedish coronary care units contributed data to the register, which subsequently increased to 100%. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated ( @entity2 ) according to Modification of Diet in @entity1 Study (MDRD) and Cockcroft-Gault (CG). @entity0 : All @entity0 with @entity3 registered in SWEDEHEART from the years 2003-2009 were included (37   991 @entity0 , 66% @entity0 ). MAIN RESULTS: @entity0 had 1.6 (MDRD) to 2.2 (CG) times higher multivariable adjusted risk of @entity4 . Half of the @entity0 had @entity4 according to CG. @entity4 was associated with 2-2.5 times higher risk of in-hospital mortality and approximately 1.5 times higher risk of long-term mortality in both genders. Each 10   mL/min decline of @entity2 was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital and long-term mortality (22-33% and 9-16%, respectively) and this did not vary significantly by gender. Both in-hospital and long-term mortality were doubled in @entity0 . After multivariable adjustment including @entity2 , there was no longer any gender difference in early outcome and the long-term outcome was better in @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity0 with @entity3 , female gender was independently associated with @entity4 . Reduced @entity2 was a strong independent risk factor for short-term and long-term mortality without a significant gender difference in prognostic impact and seems to be an important reason why @entity0 have higher mortality than @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Prevalence and prognostic impact of XXXX in @entity3 from a gender perspective: data from the SWEDEHEART register, a large Swedish prospective cohort.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Gender differences in prevalence and prognostic impact of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have been poorly evaluated. In @entity3 , female gender has been independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. @entity4 has been found to be an important prognostic marker in @entity3 . The aim of this study was to evaluate gender differences in prevalence and prognostic impact of @entity4 on short-term and long-term mortality. DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING: The national quality register SWEDEHEART was used. In the beginning of the study period, 94% of the Swedish coronary care units contributed data to the register, which subsequently increased to 100%. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated ( @entity2 ) according to Modification of Diet in @entity1 Study (MDRD) and Cockcroft-Gault (CG). @entity0 : All @entity0 with @entity3 registered in SWEDEHEART from the years 2003-2009 were included (37   991 @entity0 , 66% @entity0 ). MAIN RESULTS: @entity0 had 1.6 (MDRD) to 2.2 (CG) times higher multivariable adjusted risk of @entity4 . Half of the @entity0 had @entity4 according to CG. @entity4 was associated with 2-2.5 times higher risk of in-hospital mortality and approximately 1.5 times higher risk of long-term mortality in both genders. Each 10   mL/min decline of @entity2 was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital and long-term mortality (22-33% and 9-16%, respectively) and this did not vary significantly by gender. Both in-hospital and long-term mortality were doubled in @entity0 . After multivariable adjustment including @entity2 , there was no longer any gender difference in early outcome and the long-term outcome was better in @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity0 with @entity3 , female gender was independently associated with @entity4 . Reduced @entity2 was a strong independent risk factor for short-term and long-term mortality without a significant gender difference in prognostic impact and seems to be an important reason why @entity0 have higher mortality than @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Prevalence and prognostic impact of @entity4 in XXXX from a gender perspective: data from the SWEDEHEART register, a large Swedish prospective cohort.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies exist on food sensitization and challenge-proven food @entity2 in low- and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVE: To describe the study design and methodology to recruit @entity0 from an African population for skin prick testing and oral food challenges and the use of preliminary data to investigate the extent to which the study sample is representative of the target population. METHODS: @entity0 12 to 36 months old were recruited from childcare education facilities in Cape Town. @entity0 underwent skin prick testing to foods. Those with a reactive wheal of at least 1 mm larger than the negative control and not clearly tolerant according to history to a full age-appropriate portion to at least 1 food underwent oral food challenges. Parents who chose not to participate completed a nonparticipant questionnaire. Interim analysis of at least 500 respondents was performed. Demographic features of participating @entity0 were compared with those of nonparticipants and the population demographics of the most recent Cape Town census data. RESULTS: The response rate was 60.1%, with high participation and completion rates of 96.5% and 97.5%, respectively. Demographics of the completed @entity0 sample were similar to those of the Cape Town census. Use of a nonrespondent questionnaire indicated no selection bias in favor of increased participation of @entity0 with @entity2 . No ethnic differences in sensitization or food @entity2 were evident. CONCLUSION: The study was safe and feasible and the recruitment was effective and representative of the target population. Future studies will aim to increase the precision of the prevalence of food sensitization and @entity2 , describe environmental risk factors, and include a @entity1 .

title: The South African Food Sensitisation and Food Allergy population-based study of IgE-mediated food XXXX : validity, safety, and acceptability.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In nasal biopsies from 17 adult @entity0 with @entity6 and from 10 healthy controls, cytokines were analyzed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The time-course study during winter included repeated local allergen provocation with subsequent nasal biopsies as well as biopsies taken during pollen season. The RT-PCR for @entity5 yielded positive bands in 65 of 71 cases, in which cases mRNA for @entity8 ( @entity4 , @entity7 , and @entity2 ) were thus investigated by means of seminested PCR. @entity7 mRNA was found almost exclusively in the @entity1 @entity0 . During provocation a significant increase in @entity7 was noticed compared with controls (p = 0.043). Equally, during the natural pollen season, @entity7 mRNA expression was significantly higher in @entity0 not using nasal corticosteroids compared with those who did (p = 0.011). No differences in @entity4 or @entity2 were observed between the groups. These findings also indicate, together with earlier observations of T-cell activation, a phenotype switch toward T-helper 2 (Th2) cells, and the accumulation (homing) of these T cells in the nasal mucosa, that T cells constitute the main source for @entity7 in the nasal mucosa. Therefore, @entity1 @entity0 have an increased synthesis of @entity7 when provoked with the allergen, and during natural pollen season this synthesis can be downregulated by @entity3 . Furthermore, this study exemplifies the versatility of molecular biology in surgical pathology and that even low-copy-number cytokine mRNA can be examined in routinely snap-frozen surgical specimens.

title: Nasal messenger RNA expression of interleukins 2, 4, and 5 in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: In nasal biopsies from 17 adult @entity0 with @entity6 and from 10 healthy controls, cytokines were analyzed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The time-course study during winter included repeated local allergen provocation with subsequent nasal biopsies as well as biopsies taken during pollen season. The RT-PCR for @entity5 yielded positive bands in 65 of 71 cases, in which cases mRNA for @entity8 ( @entity4 , @entity7 , and @entity2 ) were thus investigated by means of seminested PCR. @entity7 mRNA was found almost exclusively in the @entity1 @entity0 . During provocation a significant increase in @entity7 was noticed compared with controls (p = 0.043). Equally, during the natural pollen season, @entity7 mRNA expression was significantly higher in @entity0 not using nasal corticosteroids compared with those who did (p = 0.011). No differences in @entity4 or @entity2 were observed between the groups. These findings also indicate, together with earlier observations of T-cell activation, a phenotype switch toward T-helper 2 (Th2) cells, and the accumulation (homing) of these T cells in the nasal mucosa, that T cells constitute the main source for @entity7 in the nasal mucosa. Therefore, @entity1 @entity0 have an increased synthesis of @entity7 when provoked with the allergen, and during natural pollen season this synthesis can be downregulated by @entity3 . Furthermore, this study exemplifies the versatility of molecular biology in surgical pathology and that even low-copy-number cytokine mRNA can be examined in routinely snap-frozen surgical specimens.

title: Nasal messenger RNA expression of interleukins 2, 4, and 5 in XXXX with @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical management of sterile pancreatic @entity1 is still a matter of debate. In this study we analyzed the clinical course and outcome of @entity0 with @entity2 treated surgically versus nonsurgically. STUDY DESIGN: Between May 1982 and December 1993, 249 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) entered this study, of which 172 (69 percent) had intraoperatively or fine needle aspiration-proven sterile @entity2 . One hundred seven of 172 @entity0 underwent surgery (S group) with necrosectomy and continuous postoperative closed lavage and 65 of 172 were treated by nonsurgical means ( @entity4 group). RESULTS: Median Ranson and admission APACHE II scores were 4.7 (range, 1 to 10) and 11 (range, 1 to 29) in the S group, significantly higher than those in the @entity4 group with 3.0 (range, 0 to 6) (p = 0.022) and 8 (range, 1 to 23) (p = 0.036). After 48 hours of intensive care treatment, APACHE II scores persisted at 10.5 (range, 1 to 29) in the S group and decreased to 6 (range, 0 to 15) (p = 0.013) in the @entity4 @entity0 . Median @entity3 ( @entity3 ) levels on admission were 179 mg/L and 68.5 mg/L (p = 0.023), respectively. Within 72 hours, 61 (94 percent) of 65 @entity4 -managed @entity0 responded to intensive care therapy, whereas organ complications persisted or increased and thus led to surgery in the S group. Mortality rates were 13.1 percent in the surgically treated @entity0 and 6.2 percent in the nonsurgically treated @entity0 (p = @entity4 ). CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity0 with limited and sterile pancreatic @entity1 respond to intensive care treatment. Indication for surgery in sterile @entity2 should be based on persisting or advancing organ complications despite intensive care therapy. APACHE II scores and admission @entity3 levels represent a helpful tool in decision making for surgical or nonsurgical management of @entity2 .

title: Management of sterile @entity1 in instances of severe acute XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical management of sterile pancreatic @entity1 is still a matter of debate. In this study we analyzed the clinical course and outcome of @entity0 with @entity2 treated surgically versus nonsurgically. STUDY DESIGN: Between May 1982 and December 1993, 249 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) entered this study, of which 172 (69 percent) had intraoperatively or fine needle aspiration-proven sterile @entity2 . One hundred seven of 172 @entity0 underwent surgery (S group) with necrosectomy and continuous postoperative closed lavage and 65 of 172 were treated by nonsurgical means ( @entity4 group). RESULTS: Median Ranson and admission APACHE II scores were 4.7 (range, 1 to 10) and 11 (range, 1 to 29) in the S group, significantly higher than those in the @entity4 group with 3.0 (range, 0 to 6) (p = 0.022) and 8 (range, 1 to 23) (p = 0.036). After 48 hours of intensive care treatment, APACHE II scores persisted at 10.5 (range, 1 to 29) in the S group and decreased to 6 (range, 0 to 15) (p = 0.013) in the @entity4 @entity0 . Median @entity3 ( @entity3 ) levels on admission were 179 mg/L and 68.5 mg/L (p = 0.023), respectively. Within 72 hours, 61 (94 percent) of 65 @entity4 -managed @entity0 responded to intensive care therapy, whereas organ complications persisted or increased and thus led to surgery in the S group. Mortality rates were 13.1 percent in the surgically treated @entity0 and 6.2 percent in the nonsurgically treated @entity0 (p = @entity4 ). CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity0 with limited and sterile pancreatic @entity1 respond to intensive care treatment. Indication for surgery in sterile @entity2 should be based on persisting or advancing organ complications despite intensive care therapy. APACHE II scores and admission @entity3 levels represent a helpful tool in decision making for surgical or nonsurgical management of @entity2 .

title: Management of sterile XXXX in instances of severe acute @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In the early 1950s before antidepressants were in use, I conceived the idea of treating @entity0 with pure @entity1 by having them abstain from night sleep for two or more nights. The idea was based on several clinical observations: "It looks as if sleep as such has an unfortunate influence on the state of the @entity1 and as if the organism itself resists the sleep rhythm during the period of @entity1 ." My first clinical experiment was conducted in June 1954 and was followed later by several others. At that time, I could not ascertain from the available literature whether this therapy had been tried elsewhere. The experiments completely confirmed that the hypothesis was correct--that the @entity0 ' condition had improved and that the treatment influenced the subcortical processes which determined the complaint. This led to studies on the transmitter function in the states of sleeping and waking, respectively, among healthy and sick @entity0 or, more precisely, the influence of darkness and light, respectively, on these functions. The studies appeared to confirm that therapy in which the @entity0 is kept awake encourages the production of activating substances such as antidepressants. The most recent research on @entity2 , which is formed in the corpus pineale, is briefly discussed. Provisional results seem to indicate that this substance has an inhibiting effect on vital brain functions in periods of darkness (periods of sleep) and thus contributes to the maintenance of the @entity1 because @entity2 is especially produced in the dark periods of the daily cycle. These investigations, though still at an experimental stage, suggest exciting possibilities, also for psychiatry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Abstinence from night sleep as a treatment for XXXX . The earliest observations in a Danish mental hospital (1954) and an analysis of the causal mechanism.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Using principles from the theory of mathematical morphology, a semiautomatic analysis of the size and shape of cell nuclei on tissue sections was carried out on a @entity0 ( @entity0 ). The four parameters proposed here are more discriminatory than conventional shape evaluation by the form factor (FF), which is based on the ratio of perimeter squared to area. The parameters quantified, respectively, nuclear elongation ( @entity4 ), narrow (R1) and wide (R2) irregularities, and the distribution of R1 and R2 along the nuclear contour ( @entity5 ). The properties of these parameters were tested nucleus-by-nucleus on 24 nuclear models. The methodology was then illustrated by a study of lymph node nuclei in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Prior to analysis, 45 @entity1 were classified into five categories of nuclear size and shape according to the International Working Formulation (IWF). Two hundred nuclei were measured on each lymph node section. Statistical interpretation was based upon an analysis of the nuclear surface area on sections and upon the mean values of R1, R2, and @entity4 , the standard deviations of R1 and R2, and the percentage of cleaved nuclei detected by @entity5 . The mean value of R2 discriminated best between the two sets of populations with regular and irregular nuclear contours, respectively. Parameters R1, @entity4 , and @entity5 permitted the distinction of certain @entity3 cases among populations with irregular nuclei. Nuclear invaginations decreased in depth as the nuclear area became greater. The median surface area was well correlated to the IWF, and the @entity2 (third statistical moment of the nuclear surface area distribution) was related to the number of nuclear size or shape subpopulations.

title: An application of mathematical morphology to analysis of the size and shape of nuclei in tissue sections of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Preoperative treatment for @entity5 is not new, but recently it has gained increasing acceptance in the management of locally advanced disease. Preoperative radiotherapy has been studied extensively but has never been demonstrated to improve survival in locally advanced (N2,T3) disease. However, it is still considered part of the accepted management for superior @entity1 . In the past 15 years, many Phase II trials have investigated the use of induction chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy as part of the treatment plan for Stage IIIA @entity0 , especially those with preoperatively identified N2 disease who have a poor prognosis following primary surgical resection, with or without postoperative adjuvant therapy. Preoperative chemotherapy trials, as exemplified by the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Toronto @entity7 ( @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity2 ) trials, have demonstrated what appear to be improved median survival time and prolonged 5-year survival when compared to historical controls. More recently, three relatively small randomized trials have demonstrated statistically significant improvement in @entity0 treated preoperatively with induction chemotherapy. More widely investigated in Phase II trials has been the use of chemoradiotherapy as an induction protocol. The chemotherapy has usually been @entity3 based and has been given prior to, or concurrent with, radiotherapy. The two largest series to date (Rush-Presbyterian and Southwest Oncology Group) have both suggested improved median survival times and prolonged survival using this approach. Three recently completed nonsurgical trials have demonstrated the superiority in median and long-term survival of primary chemoradiotherapy compared to primary radiotherapy alone in treating locally advanced, inoperable @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Neoadjuvant (induction) treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: A @entity1 professional education program was conducted and evaluated with 31 physicians from a @entity3 . Treatment guidelines were established by @entity1 experts and community practitioners. To document effectiveness, medical record and survey data on 397 @entity0 of the physicians were collected before and after the program. Each @entity0 received a profile of their baseline performance as compared with peers as part of the educational program. A syllabus was designed to complement both the treatment guidelines and the findings from the baseline data. A telephone conference call with a @entity1 consultant also occurred. A comparison between data collected before and after the program showed no significant differences in blood @entity2 levels or hospitalization rates. Physicians were more likely to recommend self-monitoring of blood @entity2 (SMBG) (7% versus 20%, P less than 0.05) and to examine their @entity0 ' feet (47% versus 73%, P less than 0.05) after the program. More @entity0 education was available in the office (53% versus 73%). @entity0 using insulin were more likely to test urine for @entity4 (48% versus 61%, P less than 0.05) and know that decreased sensation in the feet could lead to injury (42% versus 53%, P less than 0.05). However, no improvements were noted in monitoring other complications, regulating diet, or in most aspects of @entity0 education after the program. The results indicated the need for increased emphasis on the value of brief appropriate examinations for monitoring complications of @entity1 and the need for physicians to learn techniques for counseling @entity0 in self-management as well as to refer their @entity0 to educational resources.

title: Assessment of XXXX continuing medical education.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The purpose of this study has been to further define the pathophysiologic aspects of @entity2 caused by the inhalation of endotoxin ( @entity1 ) using the morphometric approach to identify mediators that influence distal lung structure and function. Hamsters were divided into 3 groups 24 h prior to low dose @entity1 inhalation exposure (4 micrograms/m3 for 5 h): (1) pretreated with cobra venom factor to deplete complement in vivo, (2) pretreated with @entity4 to block @entity3 production, and (3) untreated control group. Both pretreatments abolished @entity1 -induced @entity0 as well as increases in capillary PMN and platelets seen in untreated control animals. Neither pretreatment had any effect on the @entity1 -induced decreases of other capillary leukocytes. Similarly, both methods of pretreatment failed to block increases in cellular interstitium of distal capillary septa induced with @entity1 alone. @entity1 provoked changes in capillary endothelium, especially seen as an increase in numerical density of endothelial pinocytotic vesicles. Decomplementation failed to alter this increase, but @entity4 pretreatment blocked the effect. Neither treatment had any effect on their size. Low dose @entity1 inhalation also altered pulmonary capillary permeability to a 125I-BSA probe, which was found in significantly greater amounts in @entity1 -exposed lungs than in those of saline aerosol control lungs, but was not present in the air space as evidenced by negligible counts in bronchoalveolar lavages. It is evident that endotoxin on the epithelial side of the air-blood barrier leads to changes on the other side of that barrier.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Mediators of XXXX induced by inhalation of bacterial endotoxin.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 , one of the most rapidly increasing @entity2 in @entity0 , has recently received substantial attention in the world literature concerning application of traditional morphologic and newer immunologic and molecular biologic methods of predicting progression and ultimate clinical outcome. Although clinical features of @entity0 sex, age and anatomic site of the lesion are important, classic morphologic variables defining prognosis remain the cornerstone of predicting disease outcome. Extent of radial growth phase and the two microstaging methods of measuring @entity2 thickness and determining level of invasion remain the critical disease progression predictors. Assessment of mitotic rate, number of @entity2 infiltrating lymphocytes, and determining the presence of regression, @entity4 , and epithelioid cell component, microscopic satellites and vascular invasion are also important. More recently a variety of molecular and biochemical prognostic markers have been cited for prediction of disease recurrence and @entity1 . Both overexpression and down regulation of a variety of cell adhesion molecules have been implicated in disease progression as has alterations in the plasminogen activation system. A series of growth factors, growth factor receptors, oncogenes and @entity2 suppressor genes have also been considered. Structural and numerical genomic DNA abnormalities, cell proliferation markers and DNA ploidy status have also been considered. Recently a variety of serum and blood markers indicating disease persistence or progression have been studied including melanin synthesis precursors and intermediate compounds of melanogenesis. Molecular detection by PCR of melanogenesis specific mRNA may become the most sensitive prognostic marker of the future. At present histopathologic and clinical criteria remain the cornerstones of predicting prognosis in @entity3 .

title: XXXX : pathology, relevant prognostic indicators and progression.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Bone strength at the ultradistal radius, quantified by micro-finite element modeling, can be predicted by variables obtained from high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography scans. The specific formula for this bone strength surrogate (-555.2 + 8.1   [trabecular vBMD] + 19.6   [cortical area] + 4.2   [total cross-sectional area]) should be validated and tested in @entity3 risk assessment. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to identify key determinants of ultradistal radius (UDR) strength and evaluate their relationships with age, sex @entity2 levels, and measures of habitual skeletal loading. METHODS: UDR failure load (~strength) was assessed by micro-finite element ( FE) modeling in 105 postmenopausal controls from an earlier @entity3 case-control study. Predictors of bone strength obtained by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) in this group were then evaluated in a population-based cohort of 214 postmenopausal @entity0 . Sex @entity4 were measured by mass spectrometry. RESULTS: A surrogate variable (-555.2 + 8.1   [trabecular vBMD] + 19.6   [cortical area] + 4.2   [total cross-sectional area]) predicted UDR strength modeled by  FE (R(2) = 0.81), and all parameters except total cross-sectional area declined with age. Evaluated cross-sectionally, the 21% fall in predicted bone strength between ages 40-49 years and 80+ years more resembled the change in trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) (-15%) than that in cortical area (-41%). In multivariable analyses, measures of body composition and physical activity were stronger predictors of UDR trabecular vBMD, cortical area, total cross-sectional area, and predicted bone strength than were sex @entity2 levels, but bio-available @entity1 and @entity5 were correlated with body mass. CONCLUSIONS: Bone strength at the UDR, as quantified by  FE, can be predicted from variables obtained by HRpQCT. Predicted bone strength declines with age with changes in UDR trabecular vBMD and cortical area, related in turn to reduced skeletal loading and sex @entity2 levels. The predicted bone strength formula should be validated and tested in @entity3 risk assessment.

title: Determinants of forearm strength in postmenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We characterized the prevalence of pilus islets 1 ( @entity4 ) and 2 ( @entity5 ) and the clonality of @entity2 isolates taken from @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) to study the association between pilus existence and @entity3 potential prior to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and increased antimicrobial resistance. The study material consisted of 75 pneumococcal isolates cultured from the middle ear fluid and/or nasopharyngeal aspirate of 56 @entity0 with @entity3 in Finland during the period 1990-1992. Isolates were studied for antimicrobial susceptibility and were serotyped, genotyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and tested for the presence of pneumococcal @entity4 and @entity5 genes. All isolates were susceptible to @entity1 , 14 different serotypes were found, and 20% of the isolates were positive for @entity4 genes. @entity5 genes were not found. MLST showed high heterogeneity: 52 @entity3 isolates belonged to 18 known clonal complexes (CC). @entity4 was associated with serotypes 6A, 6B, and 9V, and genotype CC490. In the time prior to 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and increased antimicrobial resistance, @entity3 isolates carried @entity4 genes at a rather low prevalence. @entity5 genes were not detected. @entity4 was related to serotype rather than genotype. The importance of @entity4 in @entity3 and its association with the spread of antimicrobial resistance requires further research.

title: Prevalence of pilus-encoding islets and clonality of pneumococcal isolates from @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: We characterized the prevalence of pilus islets 1 ( @entity4 ) and 2 ( @entity5 ) and the clonality of @entity2 isolates taken from @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) to study the association between pilus existence and @entity3 potential prior to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and increased antimicrobial resistance. The study material consisted of 75 pneumococcal isolates cultured from the middle ear fluid and/or nasopharyngeal aspirate of 56 @entity0 with @entity3 in Finland during the period 1990-1992. Isolates were studied for antimicrobial susceptibility and were serotyped, genotyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and tested for the presence of pneumococcal @entity4 and @entity5 genes. All isolates were susceptible to @entity1 , 14 different serotypes were found, and 20% of the isolates were positive for @entity4 genes. @entity5 genes were not found. MLST showed high heterogeneity: 52 @entity3 isolates belonged to 18 known clonal complexes (CC). @entity4 was associated with serotypes 6A, 6B, and 9V, and genotype CC490. In the time prior to 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and increased antimicrobial resistance, @entity3 isolates carried @entity4 genes at a rather low prevalence. @entity5 genes were not detected. @entity4 was related to serotype rather than genotype. The importance of @entity4 in @entity3 and its association with the spread of antimicrobial resistance requires further research.

title: Prevalence of pilus-encoding islets and clonality of pneumococcal isolates from XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity11 ( @entity11 ) is an uncommon primary @entity5 . This @entity2 was first described by Barrett and Barnard in 1945. The @entity2 is composed of immature epithelial and mesenchymal tissues which may recapitulate early embryological lung development. Under the microscope, the globular component resembles immature bronchus and connective tissue as seen in embryonic lung. More than one hundred cases have been reported in the literature. @entity11 is more frequent in older @entity0 and in males and tends to affect blacks at younger ages. Symptomatology varies from asymptomatic to symptoms of a non-specific @entity5 . Cough, hemoptysis, @entity9 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity3 , @entity6 and @entity4 are the most common presenting features. The most common roentgenologic pattern is a well-demarcated @entity10 , encapsulated by compression or atelectatic lung tissue, although in some cases there is a tendency to lobulation and cavitation. The size of the mass varies from a small peripheral nodule to a mass occupying the entire lobe or hemithorax. The treatment of choice has been surgical excision, radiation and, in selected cases, a combination of chemotherapy with radiation. The prognosis of this malignancy is poor; overall five-year survival is approximately 16 percent. No correlation has been established between histopathologic criteria and survival. The factors that indicate poor prognosis are @entity2 recurrence, @entity1 at initial presentation, @entity2 size over 5 cm and lymph node @entity1 . Liver, central nervous system and bones are the most frequent location of distant metastases. A rare case is presented of a @entity11 with an upper lip @entity1 occurring in a paraplegic male. Diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity11 presenting as a solitary lip XXXX : case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity11 ( @entity11 ) is an uncommon primary @entity5 . This @entity2 was first described by Barrett and Barnard in 1945. The @entity2 is composed of immature epithelial and mesenchymal tissues which may recapitulate early embryological lung development. Under the microscope, the globular component resembles immature bronchus and connective tissue as seen in embryonic lung. More than one hundred cases have been reported in the literature. @entity11 is more frequent in older @entity0 and in males and tends to affect blacks at younger ages. Symptomatology varies from asymptomatic to symptoms of a non-specific @entity5 . Cough, hemoptysis, @entity9 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity3 , @entity6 and @entity4 are the most common presenting features. The most common roentgenologic pattern is a well-demarcated @entity10 , encapsulated by compression or atelectatic lung tissue, although in some cases there is a tendency to lobulation and cavitation. The size of the mass varies from a small peripheral nodule to a mass occupying the entire lobe or hemithorax. The treatment of choice has been surgical excision, radiation and, in selected cases, a combination of chemotherapy with radiation. The prognosis of this malignancy is poor; overall five-year survival is approximately 16 percent. No correlation has been established between histopathologic criteria and survival. The factors that indicate poor prognosis are @entity2 recurrence, @entity1 at initial presentation, @entity2 size over 5 cm and lymph node @entity1 . Liver, central nervous system and bones are the most frequent location of distant metastases. A rare case is presented of a @entity11 with an upper lip @entity1 occurring in a paraplegic male. Diagnosis was confirmed by autopsy findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX presenting as a solitary lip @entity1 : case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) regulates leukocyte tissue infiltration. Elevated serum soluble @entity6 (sVAP-1) levels occur in certain diseases having an inflammatory component. We previously showed in @entity3 that sVAP-1 expression is significantly higher relative to controls, and this decreased expression is associated with poor prognosis and lymph node and liver @entity1 . However, sVAP-1 expression has not been described for @entity4 . This study determines the relationship between preoperative serum sVAP-1 levels and clinicopathological features and prognosis in @entity4 . METHODS: Preoperative serum was collected from 107 @entity4 @entity0 and 33 normal controls. sVAP-1 levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The mean sVAP-1 level for @entity2 @entity0 was significantly higher relative to controls, and decreased with disease progression. @entity2 size, serosal invasion, lymph node @entity1 , peritoneal dissemination, and @entity5 classification was significantly correlated with sVAP-1 level. sVAP-1 is also an independent predictive marker for lymph node @entity1 . @entity0 having low sVAP-1 levels had significantly poorer prognosis relative to @entity0 having elevated sVAP-1 in all or stages I-III @entity4 @entity0 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Low sVAP-1 levels are associated with poor prognosis in @entity4 . Determining sVAP-1 levels may be valuable for predicting prognosis and lymph node @entity1 .

title: Serum soluble XXXX is a valuable prognostic marker in @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) regulates leukocyte tissue infiltration. Elevated serum soluble @entity6 (sVAP-1) levels occur in certain diseases having an inflammatory component. We previously showed in @entity3 that sVAP-1 expression is significantly higher relative to controls, and this decreased expression is associated with poor prognosis and lymph node and liver @entity1 . However, sVAP-1 expression has not been described for @entity4 . This study determines the relationship between preoperative serum sVAP-1 levels and clinicopathological features and prognosis in @entity4 . METHODS: Preoperative serum was collected from 107 @entity4 @entity0 and 33 normal controls. sVAP-1 levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The mean sVAP-1 level for @entity2 @entity0 was significantly higher relative to controls, and decreased with disease progression. @entity2 size, serosal invasion, lymph node @entity1 , peritoneal dissemination, and @entity5 classification was significantly correlated with sVAP-1 level. sVAP-1 is also an independent predictive marker for lymph node @entity1 . @entity0 having low sVAP-1 levels had significantly poorer prognosis relative to @entity0 having elevated sVAP-1 in all or stages I-III @entity4 @entity0 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Low sVAP-1 levels are associated with poor prognosis in @entity4 . Determining sVAP-1 levels may be valuable for predicting prognosis and lymph node @entity1 .

title: Serum soluble @entity6 is a valuable prognostic marker in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The burning of incense is an important source of indoor air pollution in Asia. We assessed the effect of long-term exposure to incense smoke on the body weight and levels of circulating @entity3 , @entity5 , total @entity2 , HDL- @entity2 , insulin, adiponectin and @entity6 in @entity1 albino @entity1 . Two groups of @entity1 were used. First group (n   =   12) was exposed daily to incense smoke for 4 months at the rate of 4   g   day(-1) in the exposure chamber. Another group of @entity1 (n   =   12), was used as non-exposed control. Blood samples were collected from all animals after 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of exposure. Serum @entity3 , @entity5 , total @entity2 and HDL- @entity2 , LDL- @entity2 insulin, adiponectin and @entity6 were measured. Our results showed that incense smoke exposure was associated with decreased @entity4 and the adverse metabolic changes of increased @entity5 and decreased HDL- @entity2 concentrations. Exposure to incense was also associated with a transient increase of @entity6 levels. Taken together, these data suggest that incense smoke influences metabolism adversely in @entity1 . The effect of incense smoke on @entity0 health and the underlying mechanisms need to be studied further.

title: Long-term exposure to incense smoke alters metabolism in @entity1 albino XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The burning of incense is an important source of indoor air pollution in Asia. We assessed the effect of long-term exposure to incense smoke on the body weight and levels of circulating @entity3 , @entity5 , total @entity2 , HDL- @entity2 , insulin, adiponectin and @entity6 in @entity1 albino @entity1 . Two groups of @entity1 were used. First group (n   =   12) was exposed daily to incense smoke for 4 months at the rate of 4   g   day(-1) in the exposure chamber. Another group of @entity1 (n   =   12), was used as non-exposed control. Blood samples were collected from all animals after 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of exposure. Serum @entity3 , @entity5 , total @entity2 and HDL- @entity2 , LDL- @entity2 insulin, adiponectin and @entity6 were measured. Our results showed that incense smoke exposure was associated with decreased @entity4 and the adverse metabolic changes of increased @entity5 and decreased HDL- @entity2 concentrations. Exposure to incense was also associated with a transient increase of @entity6 levels. Taken together, these data suggest that incense smoke influences metabolism adversely in @entity1 . The effect of incense smoke on @entity0 health and the underlying mechanisms need to be studied further.

title: Long-term exposure to incense smoke alters metabolism in XXXX albino @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) on secondary @entity3 ( @entity3 ) following a frontal inter-hemispheric approach to midline @entity2 with accentuated preoperative brain shift phenomena. METHODS: We reviewed the results obtained in our department during the last 10 years in 24 treated @entity0 with such @entity2 . Some of these @entity0 underwent traditional surgical approaches using brain retractors (BR) and more recently alternative @entity1 including the creation of a narrow surgical corridor without brain retractors and the reinforcement and reinsertion from bridging veins. The @entity0 's @entity4 (consciousness recovery, @entity5 , ICU- @entity0 's stay and outcome) as well as the volume of the postoperative skull/brain space as a measurable indicator of @entity3 and the ventricular index were assessed in all cases. All data were compared using the Chi square test, the 2-tailed Pearson correlation and t-test. RESULTS: 24 @entity0 (11 operated with BR and 13 with @entity1 ) were analyzed. The comparison between both techniques revealed a significant reduction of the postoperatively assessed skull/brain space (P<0.001), time for consciousness recovery (P<0.05), @entity5 (P<0.001) and intensive care unit stay (P<0.005) for @entity0 treated with @entity1 . A significant correlation was observed between radiological and clinical data ( @entity5 , consciousness recovery and ICU stay) from P<0.01, P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In our study @entity1 allow the @entity0 to recover consciousness in a shorter period of time, reducing the needs for prolonged mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. In these @entity0 , such clinical advantages are related with a radiologically assessed postoperative reduced @entity3 .

title: Minimally invasive technique reduces secondary @entity3 following a frontal interhemispheric approach to midline XXXX with accentuated brain shift phenomena.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) on secondary @entity3 ( @entity3 ) following a frontal inter-hemispheric approach to midline @entity2 with accentuated preoperative brain shift phenomena. METHODS: We reviewed the results obtained in our department during the last 10 years in 24 treated @entity0 with such @entity2 . Some of these @entity0 underwent traditional surgical approaches using brain retractors (BR) and more recently alternative @entity1 including the creation of a narrow surgical corridor without brain retractors and the reinforcement and reinsertion from bridging veins. The @entity0 's @entity4 (consciousness recovery, @entity5 , ICU- @entity0 's stay and outcome) as well as the volume of the postoperative skull/brain space as a measurable indicator of @entity3 and the ventricular index were assessed in all cases. All data were compared using the Chi square test, the 2-tailed Pearson correlation and t-test. RESULTS: 24 @entity0 (11 operated with BR and 13 with @entity1 ) were analyzed. The comparison between both techniques revealed a significant reduction of the postoperatively assessed skull/brain space (P<0.001), time for consciousness recovery (P<0.05), @entity5 (P<0.001) and intensive care unit stay (P<0.005) for @entity0 treated with @entity1 . A significant correlation was observed between radiological and clinical data ( @entity5 , consciousness recovery and ICU stay) from P<0.01, P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In our study @entity1 allow the @entity0 to recover consciousness in a shorter period of time, reducing the needs for prolonged mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. In these @entity0 , such clinical advantages are related with a radiologically assessed postoperative reduced @entity3 .

title: Minimally invasive technique reduces secondary XXXX following a frontal interhemispheric approach to midline @entity2 with accentuated brain shift phenomena.

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study aimed to investigate energy substrate utilisation and @entity4 balance in low birthweight @entity0 receiving total parenteral nutrition during the first days of life, and in particular, to determine the effect of two different @entity2 intakes on @entity3 production. Twenty @entity0 (mean (SE) birthweight 1314 (65) g, mean (SE) gestation 30.9 (0.4) weeks) were recruited to the study. Immediately after birth they were randomised to a @entity5 intake of 8 g/kg/day (5.5 mg/kg/minute) or 12 g/kg/day (8.3 mg/kg/minute). After 24 hours they were changed to the alternative regimen which was continued for a further 24 hours. Fat and protein intakes were kept constant throughout the study. Indirect calorimetry was performed during each of the regimens, urine was collected for urinary @entity4 , and substrate utilisation calculated for 12 @entity0 . The @entity5 utilisation rate was increased during the higher @entity5 intake. Lipid utilisation rates were significantly different, with net lipid synthesis occurring during high @entity5 intake. Protein utilisation rates were not influenced by the different @entity5 intakes. The mean plasma @entity2 concentration was higher during the high @entity5 intake but the mean highest and lowest values were not significantly different during the two study periods. A plasma @entity2 below 2.6 mmol/l was recorded more frequently during the low @entity2 intake (9/20 v 5/20). Capillary PCO2 values measured during high and low @entity2 intakes were similar (5.9 (0.2) v 6.2 (0.3) kPa. @entity3 production rates were increased during the higher @entity5 intake but the differences were not significant. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the respiratory quotients (RQ), @entity1 consumption, or energy expenditure during the two study periods.

title: Low birthweight @entity0 and total parenteral nutrition immediately after birth. III. Randomised study of energy substrate utilisation, XXXX balance, and @entity3 production.

answer: @entity4


abstract: This study aimed to investigate energy substrate utilisation and @entity4 balance in low birthweight @entity0 receiving total parenteral nutrition during the first days of life, and in particular, to determine the effect of two different @entity2 intakes on @entity3 production. Twenty @entity0 (mean (SE) birthweight 1314 (65) g, mean (SE) gestation 30.9 (0.4) weeks) were recruited to the study. Immediately after birth they were randomised to a @entity5 intake of 8 g/kg/day (5.5 mg/kg/minute) or 12 g/kg/day (8.3 mg/kg/minute). After 24 hours they were changed to the alternative regimen which was continued for a further 24 hours. Fat and protein intakes were kept constant throughout the study. Indirect calorimetry was performed during each of the regimens, urine was collected for urinary @entity4 , and substrate utilisation calculated for 12 @entity0 . The @entity5 utilisation rate was increased during the higher @entity5 intake. Lipid utilisation rates were significantly different, with net lipid synthesis occurring during high @entity5 intake. Protein utilisation rates were not influenced by the different @entity5 intakes. The mean plasma @entity2 concentration was higher during the high @entity5 intake but the mean highest and lowest values were not significantly different during the two study periods. A plasma @entity2 below 2.6 mmol/l was recorded more frequently during the low @entity2 intake (9/20 v 5/20). Capillary PCO2 values measured during high and low @entity2 intakes were similar (5.9 (0.2) v 6.2 (0.3) kPa. @entity3 production rates were increased during the higher @entity5 intake but the differences were not significant. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the respiratory quotients (RQ), @entity1 consumption, or energy expenditure during the two study periods.

title: Low birthweight @entity0 and total parenteral nutrition immediately after birth. III. Randomised study of energy substrate utilisation, @entity4 balance, and XXXX production.

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study aimed to investigate energy substrate utilisation and @entity4 balance in low birthweight @entity0 receiving total parenteral nutrition during the first days of life, and in particular, to determine the effect of two different @entity2 intakes on @entity3 production. Twenty @entity0 (mean (SE) birthweight 1314 (65) g, mean (SE) gestation 30.9 (0.4) weeks) were recruited to the study. Immediately after birth they were randomised to a @entity5 intake of 8 g/kg/day (5.5 mg/kg/minute) or 12 g/kg/day (8.3 mg/kg/minute). After 24 hours they were changed to the alternative regimen which was continued for a further 24 hours. Fat and protein intakes were kept constant throughout the study. Indirect calorimetry was performed during each of the regimens, urine was collected for urinary @entity4 , and substrate utilisation calculated for 12 @entity0 . The @entity5 utilisation rate was increased during the higher @entity5 intake. Lipid utilisation rates were significantly different, with net lipid synthesis occurring during high @entity5 intake. Protein utilisation rates were not influenced by the different @entity5 intakes. The mean plasma @entity2 concentration was higher during the high @entity5 intake but the mean highest and lowest values were not significantly different during the two study periods. A plasma @entity2 below 2.6 mmol/l was recorded more frequently during the low @entity2 intake (9/20 v 5/20). Capillary PCO2 values measured during high and low @entity2 intakes were similar (5.9 (0.2) v 6.2 (0.3) kPa. @entity3 production rates were increased during the higher @entity5 intake but the differences were not significant. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the respiratory quotients (RQ), @entity1 consumption, or energy expenditure during the two study periods.

title: Low birthweight XXXX and total parenteral nutrition immediately after birth. III. Randomised study of energy substrate utilisation, @entity4 balance, and @entity3 production.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The case was a Japanese @entity0 of 62 years old. A bulbar mass attached to mitral valve anterior leaflet was discovered in an echocardiography within detailed examination of @entity2 accidentally. We diagnosed him as @entity2 and doubt of @entity5 . We thought about the danger of future @entity3 , surgical treatment was decided. We dissected the @entity1 together with one chorda tendineae of mitral valve, and a performed aorta - coronary bypass surgery. We diagnosed the @entity1 as @entity4 by pathological diagnosis. @entity4 is extremely rare with 7-9% of @entity1 of heart primary. Most of the @entity4 is incidentally discovered by echocardiography or autopsy. Or it is discovered for systemic @entity3 . The @entity1 is benign, but there is a problem to cause @entity3 . Therefore, when we discovered @entity4 , surgical resection of the @entity1 is the first-line therapy. A problem on surgical therapy is the range of resection area. @entity4 is @entity1 , but the pathological characteristic is still unidentified. Further epidemiological and pathological studies are necessary to determine the extent of surgical excision in associated with characteristics of @entity4 .

title: A case report of XXXX attached to chorda tendineae of mitral valve.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) carries an ominous prognosis. Before 1988, @entity1 with @entity0 at our institution were treated with neoadjuvant @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity6 (CMF) with or without @entity8 and @entity3 (CMF/VP). After 1988, @entity1 with @entity0 were treated with @entity5 , @entity4 , and @entity6 (FAC). This study compares these two regimens with regard to response and survival. METHODS: The records of all @entity1 presenting between January 1973 and December 1991 with a stage IIIB (T4d, any N, MO) @entity0 with proven dermal lymphatic invasion by @entity2 cells were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The study comprised 38 @entity1 ; 28 received CMF (22 CMF, 6 CMF/VP), and 10 received FAC. The overall response rate to induction chemotherapy in the CMF/VP group was 57% (40% PR, 17% CR), and 100% (60% PR, 40% CR) in the FAC group. The median overall survival for @entity1 receiving CMF/VP was 18 months compared with 30 months for @entity1 receiving FAC (p = 0.02). The median disease-free survivals for the CMF/VP and FAC groups were 6 and 24 months, respectively (p < 0.001). When comparing responders and nonresponders with CMF/VP induction therapy, the responders had a significantly longer overall median survival (24 versus 10 months) (p < 0.001) and disease-free median survival (8 versus 2 months) (p < 0.001). All of the five @entity1 remaining alive received FAC with 80% (four of five) having a complete response. These four @entity1 subsequently underwent mastectomy and radiation. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a @entity4 -containing chemotherapy regimen improves overall and disease-free median survivals when compared with the previously used CMF combination in the treatment of @entity0 . A favorable response to induction chemotherapy also appeared to be associated with an improved survival.

title: Therapy for @entity0 : impact of XXXX -based therapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) carries an ominous prognosis. Before 1988, @entity1 with @entity0 at our institution were treated with neoadjuvant @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity6 (CMF) with or without @entity8 and @entity3 (CMF/VP). After 1988, @entity1 with @entity0 were treated with @entity5 , @entity4 , and @entity6 (FAC). This study compares these two regimens with regard to response and survival. METHODS: The records of all @entity1 presenting between January 1973 and December 1991 with a stage IIIB (T4d, any N, MO) @entity0 with proven dermal lymphatic invasion by @entity2 cells were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The study comprised 38 @entity1 ; 28 received CMF (22 CMF, 6 CMF/VP), and 10 received FAC. The overall response rate to induction chemotherapy in the CMF/VP group was 57% (40% PR, 17% CR), and 100% (60% PR, 40% CR) in the FAC group. The median overall survival for @entity1 receiving CMF/VP was 18 months compared with 30 months for @entity1 receiving FAC (p = 0.02). The median disease-free survivals for the CMF/VP and FAC groups were 6 and 24 months, respectively (p < 0.001). When comparing responders and nonresponders with CMF/VP induction therapy, the responders had a significantly longer overall median survival (24 versus 10 months) (p < 0.001) and disease-free median survival (8 versus 2 months) (p < 0.001). All of the five @entity1 remaining alive received FAC with 80% (four of five) having a complete response. These four @entity1 subsequently underwent mastectomy and radiation. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a @entity4 -containing chemotherapy regimen improves overall and disease-free median survivals when compared with the previously used CMF combination in the treatment of @entity0 . A favorable response to induction chemotherapy also appeared to be associated with an improved survival.

title: Therapy for XXXX : impact of @entity4 -based therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Several new studies have indicated that an active approach to @entity0 with @entity2 (LBP) seems effective. Some of these studies emphasize the importance of dealing with the @entity0 's total situation in comprehensive multidisciplinary programs--the bio-psycho-social model. However, these programs are expensive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rehabilitation outcome from three different active programs in terms of: (1) return-to-work rate, (2) days of sick leave, (3) health-care contacts, (4) @entity1 and disability scores, and (5) staying physically active. The subjects included 132 @entity0 randomized to the study, of whom 123 started one of the treatment programs. They had all had at least 6 months of chronic LBP. The @entity0 were randomized into one of three programs: group 1--a full-time, intensive 3-week multidisciplinary program, including active physical and ergonomic training and @entity1 management, followed by 1 day weekly for the subsequent 3 weeks; group 2--active physical training, twice a week for 6 weeks, for a total of 24h; group 3-- @entity1 management combined with active physical training, twice a week for 6 weeks, also for a total of 24h. The results presented here are based on data collected 4 months following treatment, which shows an 86% response rate. The initial examination and the follow-up evaluation were performed by a blinded observer. The results show that 4 months after treatment, the intensive multidisciplinary program is superior to the less intensive programs in terms of return-to-work rate, health-care contacts, @entity1 and disability scores, and staying physically active.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Active treatment programs for @entity0 with XXXX : a prospective, randomized, observer-blinded study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Several new studies have indicated that an active approach to @entity0 with @entity2 (LBP) seems effective. Some of these studies emphasize the importance of dealing with the @entity0 's total situation in comprehensive multidisciplinary programs--the bio-psycho-social model. However, these programs are expensive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rehabilitation outcome from three different active programs in terms of: (1) return-to-work rate, (2) days of sick leave, (3) health-care contacts, (4) @entity1 and disability scores, and (5) staying physically active. The subjects included 132 @entity0 randomized to the study, of whom 123 started one of the treatment programs. They had all had at least 6 months of chronic LBP. The @entity0 were randomized into one of three programs: group 1--a full-time, intensive 3-week multidisciplinary program, including active physical and ergonomic training and @entity1 management, followed by 1 day weekly for the subsequent 3 weeks; group 2--active physical training, twice a week for 6 weeks, for a total of 24h; group 3-- @entity1 management combined with active physical training, twice a week for 6 weeks, also for a total of 24h. The results presented here are based on data collected 4 months following treatment, which shows an 86% response rate. The initial examination and the follow-up evaluation were performed by a blinded observer. The results show that 4 months after treatment, the intensive multidisciplinary program is superior to the less intensive programs in terms of return-to-work rate, health-care contacts, @entity1 and disability scores, and staying physically active.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Active treatment programs for XXXX with @entity2 : a prospective, randomized, observer-blinded study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The "Hispanic Paradox" refers to the epidemiological finding that Hispanics in the US have better health outcomes than the average population despite what their aggregate socioeconomic determinants would predict. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate obstetric outcomes for a multiethnic population with @entity1 diseases. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of parturients with @entity1 disease delivering at Duke University Medical Center in 2005-2007. We analyzed maternal sociodemographic characteristics and ethnic differences in @entity1 disease types using Chi Square. We assessed the role of race and ethnicity on maternal and neonatal outcomes through a series of logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Nine thousand eight hundred and thirteen @entity0 delivered during the study period, and 9% had @entity1 diseases in pregnancy. There were significant racial and ethnic differences in presentation (Chi-square=39.11, p<.001) with gestational @entity1 more common in Whites, chronic @entity1 in African Americans, and mild @entity2 in Hispanics. The overall incidence of @entity2 was lower in Hispanics. However, severe @entity2 rates were equal across groups. Hispanics were more likely to be uninsured, younger, enter prenatal care later, and least likely to complete high school. There was no significant difference in smoking or parity. Stratified analyses by ethnicity showed that the relationship between severe @entity2 and comorbidities (IUGR, LBW, ICN admission) were least pronounced in Hispanics and strongest in African American @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Despite similar rates of severe @entity2 and adverse sociodemographic characteristics, Hispanic @entity0 with severe @entity2 had better pregnancy outcomes than African-American or White @entity0 with the disease.

title: OS028. XXXX disease in pregnancy: An examination of ethnic differences and the Hispanic paradox.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The survival rate for @entity0 with @entity2 is poor. We describe the results of a prospective study using concomitant chemoradiotherapy, neutron boost, and adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 with @entity2 . Forty-two @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were treated with postoperative photon radiation 45 Gy/25 fraction (fxs) with concomitant continuous intravenous infusion of @entity7 at 300 mg/m2/day x 5 days and @entity8 0.5 g orally every 12 hr for 6 days for 5 consecutive weeks, followed by a neutron boost of 450 N cGy/6 fxs delivered twice weekly. Adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity10 , @entity11 , and @entity9 ( @entity6 ) was given up to 1 year or until @entity1 progression. Thirty-four @entity0 (81%) had @entity4 and 8 @entity0 (19%) had @entity5 . Sixteen @entity0 (38%) were ineligible for the neutron boost because of large @entity1 or poor performance status and instead received a photon boost with concomitant chemotherapy for a total dose of 60-65 Gy to the @entity1 . The overall median survival is 68 weeks at a median follow-up of 203 weeks (range 166-302 weeks for the 11 @entity0 remaining alive); 7/8 @entity0 with @entity5 are alive, 2 of these with progressive disease. For @entity5 the median survival is not reached at a median follow-up of 203 weeks (range 166-302 weeks for the 7 @entity0 alive with @entity5 ). Time to @entity1 progression for the 1 dead @entity0 with @entity5 was 35 weeks and the other 2 @entity0 failed at 171 weeks and 179 weeks following treatment. The median survival for the 34 @entity0 with @entity4 was 62 weeks; 4/34 @entity0 with @entity4 are alive at 285, 238, 216, and 206 weeks. Multivariate survival analysis in the 34 @entity0 with @entity4 revealed age and Karnofsky performance status as important prognostic factors. Extent of surgery and neutrons did not affect survival. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy was well tolerated by all @entity0 . The only toxicities observed were @entity3 < or = grade II in 3 @entity0 (7%) and mild myelosuppression in 1 @entity0 (2.4%). Adjuvant @entity6 was well tolerated. Continuous concomitant chemoradiotherapy was well tolerated by all @entity0 with acceptable side effects. The survival rate for the @entity0 with @entity4 suggests no significant impact on the prognosis for these @entity0 . @entity0 with @entity5 did well; however, the @entity0 numbers are small.

title: Concomitant chemoradiotherapy, neutron boost, and adjuvant chemotherapy for XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The survival rate for @entity0 with @entity2 is poor. We describe the results of a prospective study using concomitant chemoradiotherapy, neutron boost, and adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 with @entity2 . Forty-two @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were treated with postoperative photon radiation 45 Gy/25 fraction (fxs) with concomitant continuous intravenous infusion of @entity7 at 300 mg/m2/day x 5 days and @entity8 0.5 g orally every 12 hr for 6 days for 5 consecutive weeks, followed by a neutron boost of 450 N cGy/6 fxs delivered twice weekly. Adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity10 , @entity11 , and @entity9 ( @entity6 ) was given up to 1 year or until @entity1 progression. Thirty-four @entity0 (81%) had @entity4 and 8 @entity0 (19%) had @entity5 . Sixteen @entity0 (38%) were ineligible for the neutron boost because of large @entity1 or poor performance status and instead received a photon boost with concomitant chemotherapy for a total dose of 60-65 Gy to the @entity1 . The overall median survival is 68 weeks at a median follow-up of 203 weeks (range 166-302 weeks for the 11 @entity0 remaining alive); 7/8 @entity0 with @entity5 are alive, 2 of these with progressive disease. For @entity5 the median survival is not reached at a median follow-up of 203 weeks (range 166-302 weeks for the 7 @entity0 alive with @entity5 ). Time to @entity1 progression for the 1 dead @entity0 with @entity5 was 35 weeks and the other 2 @entity0 failed at 171 weeks and 179 weeks following treatment. The median survival for the 34 @entity0 with @entity4 was 62 weeks; 4/34 @entity0 with @entity4 are alive at 285, 238, 216, and 206 weeks. Multivariate survival analysis in the 34 @entity0 with @entity4 revealed age and Karnofsky performance status as important prognostic factors. Extent of surgery and neutrons did not affect survival. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy was well tolerated by all @entity0 . The only toxicities observed were @entity3 < or = grade II in 3 @entity0 (7%) and mild myelosuppression in 1 @entity0 (2.4%). Adjuvant @entity6 was well tolerated. Continuous concomitant chemoradiotherapy was well tolerated by all @entity0 with acceptable side effects. The survival rate for the @entity0 with @entity4 suggests no significant impact on the prognosis for these @entity0 . @entity0 with @entity5 did well; however, the @entity0 numbers are small.

title: Concomitant chemoradiotherapy, neutron boost, and adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity5 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is a common cause of @entity4 in Asians, whereas whites tend to have more @entity2 . @entity9 ( @entity9 ) has been associated with @entity4 by a large amount of work. However, there are few studies focusing on the relationship of @entity9 and asymptomatic @entity10 or extracranial @entity8 (ECAS). Wehereby sought to explore the relationship of @entity9 and @entity10 , ECAS and concurrent @entity6 in @entity1 -free @entity3 @entity0 in Chinese population. METHODS: All the subjects were evaluated for the presence and severity of @entity10 and ECAS through computerized tomographic angiography (CTA) covered the whole brain down to the level of aortic arch. @entity9 mass was measured by enzyme linked immunoassay. The association of @entity9 and @entity5 was analyzed through multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Among 414 @entity0 , 163 (39.4%) had no @entity10 or ECAS, 63 (15.2%) had ECAS only, 111 (26.8%) had @entity10 only and 77 (18.6%) had concurrent extraintracranial @entity6 . @entity9 mass was significantly associated with isolated @entity10 (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.14-4.64), and concurrent @entity6 (OR: 3.93; 95% CI: 1.62-9.51), but was not related to isolated ECAS (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.68-3.48). @entity9 mass was also associated with moderate to severe @entity10 no matter how was the ECAS. Moreover, @entity0 with higher @entity9 mass showed more sever @entity10 and had more @entity7 . CONCLUSION: This study revealed the association of @entity9 mass with @entity10 in @entity1 -free @entity3 @entity0 in Chinese population. The further long-term cohort study was warranted to elucidate the concrete effect of @entity9 on the asymptomatic @entity10 .

title: Association of @entity9 Mass and Aysmptomatic Intracranial and Extracranial XXXX in @entity3 @entity0 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is a common cause of @entity4 in Asians, whereas whites tend to have more @entity2 . @entity9 ( @entity9 ) has been associated with @entity4 by a large amount of work. However, there are few studies focusing on the relationship of @entity9 and asymptomatic @entity10 or extracranial @entity8 (ECAS). Wehereby sought to explore the relationship of @entity9 and @entity10 , ECAS and concurrent @entity6 in @entity1 -free @entity3 @entity0 in Chinese population. METHODS: All the subjects were evaluated for the presence and severity of @entity10 and ECAS through computerized tomographic angiography (CTA) covered the whole brain down to the level of aortic arch. @entity9 mass was measured by enzyme linked immunoassay. The association of @entity9 and @entity5 was analyzed through multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Among 414 @entity0 , 163 (39.4%) had no @entity10 or ECAS, 63 (15.2%) had ECAS only, 111 (26.8%) had @entity10 only and 77 (18.6%) had concurrent extraintracranial @entity6 . @entity9 mass was significantly associated with isolated @entity10 (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.14-4.64), and concurrent @entity6 (OR: 3.93; 95% CI: 1.62-9.51), but was not related to isolated ECAS (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.68-3.48). @entity9 mass was also associated with moderate to severe @entity10 no matter how was the ECAS. Moreover, @entity0 with higher @entity9 mass showed more sever @entity10 and had more @entity7 . CONCLUSION: This study revealed the association of @entity9 mass with @entity10 in @entity1 -free @entity3 @entity0 in Chinese population. The further long-term cohort study was warranted to elucidate the concrete effect of @entity9 on the asymptomatic @entity10 .

title: Association of XXXX Mass and Aysmptomatic Intracranial and Extracranial @entity8 in @entity3 @entity0 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is a common cause of @entity4 in Asians, whereas whites tend to have more @entity2 . @entity9 ( @entity9 ) has been associated with @entity4 by a large amount of work. However, there are few studies focusing on the relationship of @entity9 and asymptomatic @entity10 or extracranial @entity8 (ECAS). Wehereby sought to explore the relationship of @entity9 and @entity10 , ECAS and concurrent @entity6 in @entity1 -free @entity3 @entity0 in Chinese population. METHODS: All the subjects were evaluated for the presence and severity of @entity10 and ECAS through computerized tomographic angiography (CTA) covered the whole brain down to the level of aortic arch. @entity9 mass was measured by enzyme linked immunoassay. The association of @entity9 and @entity5 was analyzed through multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Among 414 @entity0 , 163 (39.4%) had no @entity10 or ECAS, 63 (15.2%) had ECAS only, 111 (26.8%) had @entity10 only and 77 (18.6%) had concurrent extraintracranial @entity6 . @entity9 mass was significantly associated with isolated @entity10 (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.14-4.64), and concurrent @entity6 (OR: 3.93; 95% CI: 1.62-9.51), but was not related to isolated ECAS (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.68-3.48). @entity9 mass was also associated with moderate to severe @entity10 no matter how was the ECAS. Moreover, @entity0 with higher @entity9 mass showed more sever @entity10 and had more @entity7 . CONCLUSION: This study revealed the association of @entity9 mass with @entity10 in @entity1 -free @entity3 @entity0 in Chinese population. The further long-term cohort study was warranted to elucidate the concrete effect of @entity9 on the asymptomatic @entity10 .

title: Association of @entity9 Mass and Aysmptomatic Intracranial and Extracranial @entity8 in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is a common cause of @entity4 in Asians, whereas whites tend to have more @entity2 . @entity9 ( @entity9 ) has been associated with @entity4 by a large amount of work. However, there are few studies focusing on the relationship of @entity9 and asymptomatic @entity10 or extracranial @entity8 (ECAS). Wehereby sought to explore the relationship of @entity9 and @entity10 , ECAS and concurrent @entity6 in @entity1 -free @entity3 @entity0 in Chinese population. METHODS: All the subjects were evaluated for the presence and severity of @entity10 and ECAS through computerized tomographic angiography (CTA) covered the whole brain down to the level of aortic arch. @entity9 mass was measured by enzyme linked immunoassay. The association of @entity9 and @entity5 was analyzed through multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Among 414 @entity0 , 163 (39.4%) had no @entity10 or ECAS, 63 (15.2%) had ECAS only, 111 (26.8%) had @entity10 only and 77 (18.6%) had concurrent extraintracranial @entity6 . @entity9 mass was significantly associated with isolated @entity10 (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.14-4.64), and concurrent @entity6 (OR: 3.93; 95% CI: 1.62-9.51), but was not related to isolated ECAS (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.68-3.48). @entity9 mass was also associated with moderate to severe @entity10 no matter how was the ECAS. Moreover, @entity0 with higher @entity9 mass showed more sever @entity10 and had more @entity7 . CONCLUSION: This study revealed the association of @entity9 mass with @entity10 in @entity1 -free @entity3 @entity0 in Chinese population. The further long-term cohort study was warranted to elucidate the concrete effect of @entity9 on the asymptomatic @entity10 .

title: Association of @entity9 Mass and Aysmptomatic Intracranial and Extracranial @entity8 in @entity3 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. Measurements were made of @entity0 placental @entity1 ( @entity2 ) content and release into maternal and fetal circulations from placenta obtained before, during and after labours of both spontaneous and induced onsets. @entity2 content was determined in ex vivo placental biopsies using a radio-enzymatic assay. @entity2 release was determined by bioassay of the effluent from placental lobules perfused with amniotic fluid-like Kreb's containing @entity3 (2.4 mumol/l). 2. @entity2 content of placentae obtained after labour (spontaneous onset of labour, normal vaginal delivery) and during labour (spontaneous onset of labour, Caesarean section delivery) was significantly less than before labour (no labour onset, Caesarean section delivery). 3. Mean @entity2 output into maternal vessels 1.5-4.0 h after commencement of perfusion of placentae obtained after labour (spontaneous onset of labour, normal vaginal delivery) was significantly less than from those obtained before labour (no labour onset, Caesarean section delivery). No differences were found in @entity2 output into fetal vessels of placentae obtained before, during or after labour. 4. These results suggest a role for placental @entity2 in the events of @entity0 labour. The decrease in @entity2 content and maternal vascular release in placenta obtained after labour is consistent with a depletion of placental @entity2 during labour which may indicate @entity2 release at this time. The lack of any significant change in fetal vascular release of @entity2 in placenta obtained before, during or after labour, raises the possibility of different roles for @entity2 released into fetal and maternal vasculature.

title: @entity0 placental XXXX content and release at parturition.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. Measurements were made of @entity0 placental @entity1 ( @entity2 ) content and release into maternal and fetal circulations from placenta obtained before, during and after labours of both spontaneous and induced onsets. @entity2 content was determined in ex vivo placental biopsies using a radio-enzymatic assay. @entity2 release was determined by bioassay of the effluent from placental lobules perfused with amniotic fluid-like Kreb's containing @entity3 (2.4 mumol/l). 2. @entity2 content of placentae obtained after labour (spontaneous onset of labour, normal vaginal delivery) and during labour (spontaneous onset of labour, Caesarean section delivery) was significantly less than before labour (no labour onset, Caesarean section delivery). 3. Mean @entity2 output into maternal vessels 1.5-4.0 h after commencement of perfusion of placentae obtained after labour (spontaneous onset of labour, normal vaginal delivery) was significantly less than from those obtained before labour (no labour onset, Caesarean section delivery). No differences were found in @entity2 output into fetal vessels of placentae obtained before, during or after labour. 4. These results suggest a role for placental @entity2 in the events of @entity0 labour. The decrease in @entity2 content and maternal vascular release in placenta obtained after labour is consistent with a depletion of placental @entity2 during labour which may indicate @entity2 release at this time. The lack of any significant change in fetal vascular release of @entity2 in placenta obtained before, during or after labour, raises the possibility of different roles for @entity2 released into fetal and maternal vasculature.

title: XXXX placental @entity1 content and release at parturition.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Just like every other part of the organism, the skin ages as a result of the passage of time. That process is called chronologic or intrinsic aging. However, skin is also exposed to external insults, such as UV radiation, which is the most influential extrinsic factor in skin aging, causing so called photoaging or extrinsic skin aging. Photoaging is a cumulative process which depends on the degree of UV exposure and the skin type. It is much more visible in individuals with skin types I and II and, less prominent in dark-skinned population. Chronic sun exposure can result in numerous changes in @entity0 skin, particularly on the face, nape, and arms. Keratinocytes, melanocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells are altered by UV radiation. Therefore, changes in photoaging include wrinkling, @entity4 , @entity3 , irregular pigmentation, @entity5 , and the development of @entity2 . In the last decades, important progress has been made in understanding molecular mechanisms of photoaging. It is a complex process in which UV radiation has effects on numerous molecular processes that damage the skin, especially connective tissue of the skin. These processes include cell surface receptors, certain signal transduction pathways, transcription factors and, various enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of the dermal elements. Initial process in the activation of this process is UV-induced generation of the reactive @entity1 species, which can also directly damage cell's DNA, membrane and proteins. Most of alterations found on the photoaged skin had formerly been considered to be caused by UVB wavelengths. However, a number of recent studies have demonstrated that UVA can also cause burning, @entity4 , and @entity2 .

title: Skin changes in the elderly XXXX --how strong is the influence of the UV radiation on skin aging?

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the feasibility, @entity2 , and outcome of prostate hemi-irradiation with a high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost for @entity0 presumed to @entity3 in a single lobe. METHODS: After 3D conformal external radiotherapy (3DCRT) to 64-64.4   Gy, 77 @entity0 with non-metastatic locally aggressive @entity3 have been treated from 2000 to 2004, with HDR-BT using temporary open MRI-guided (192) Ir implants, to escalate the dose in the boost region. Twenty @entity0 (26%) had one lobe involvement (i.e., one sided endorectal MRI, rectal examination, and biopsies) and were boosted to one side of the gland only. A dose of 12, 14, and 16   Gy in two fractions was delivered to 5, 6, and 9 @entity0 , respectively. RESULTS: After a median follow-up 69 months, no differences in late rectal @entity2 were observed between the unilaterally and bilaterally irradiated cohorts. Although, grade 2 late urinary @entity2 was worse in the hemi-irradiated group (P = 0.03), severe grade >= 3 late urinary @entity2 at 5 years was not different: 10% versus 8.8% in the unilaterally and bilaterally irradiated cohorts, respectively. Grade 4 late urinary @entity2 , however, was exclusively observed in @entity0 @entity4 (5/57, 8.8%). Five-year biochemical relapse-free survival was 79.7% versus 70.5% for the unilateral and bilateral boost groups, respectively (P = 0.99). CONCLUSION: Prostate hemi-irradiation with a HDR-BT boost to the dominant @entity1 region may be considered when rectal examination, MRI, and biopsies suggest one lobe involvement. Nevertheless, strict dosimetric optimization is needed in order to further reduce the risk of late severe @entity2 .

title: High-dose-rate brachytherapy boost to the @entity3 region: hemi-irradiation of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the feasibility, @entity2 , and outcome of prostate hemi-irradiation with a high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost for @entity0 presumed to @entity3 in a single lobe. METHODS: After 3D conformal external radiotherapy (3DCRT) to 64-64.4   Gy, 77 @entity0 with non-metastatic locally aggressive @entity3 have been treated from 2000 to 2004, with HDR-BT using temporary open MRI-guided (192) Ir implants, to escalate the dose in the boost region. Twenty @entity0 (26%) had one lobe involvement (i.e., one sided endorectal MRI, rectal examination, and biopsies) and were boosted to one side of the gland only. A dose of 12, 14, and 16   Gy in two fractions was delivered to 5, 6, and 9 @entity0 , respectively. RESULTS: After a median follow-up 69 months, no differences in late rectal @entity2 were observed between the unilaterally and bilaterally irradiated cohorts. Although, grade 2 late urinary @entity2 was worse in the hemi-irradiated group (P = 0.03), severe grade >= 3 late urinary @entity2 at 5 years was not different: 10% versus 8.8% in the unilaterally and bilaterally irradiated cohorts, respectively. Grade 4 late urinary @entity2 , however, was exclusively observed in @entity0 @entity4 (5/57, 8.8%). Five-year biochemical relapse-free survival was 79.7% versus 70.5% for the unilateral and bilateral boost groups, respectively (P = 0.99). CONCLUSION: Prostate hemi-irradiation with a HDR-BT boost to the dominant @entity1 region may be considered when rectal examination, MRI, and biopsies suggest one lobe involvement. Nevertheless, strict dosimetric optimization is needed in order to further reduce the risk of late severe @entity2 .

title: High-dose-rate brachytherapy boost to the XXXX region: hemi-irradiation of @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 occurring in the retrorectal space are heterogeneous and uncommon. Multiple embryologie remnants derived from a variety of tissues are found in this space and this explains the heterogeneous pathology of cysts and @entity1 that arise in retrorectal space. @entity2 are rare in adults. Most of the lesions are benign. The cysts may be unilocular or multilocular. They are often asymptomatic. These @entity1 pose a diagnostic and therapeutic interest. @entity3 are classified as a type of developmental cysts. We report the case of a 57-year-old @entity0 who presented with a painless mass posterior of the anus. Imaging studies showed a @entity2 (65 * 100 * 60 mm) in the retrorectal space. The @entity0 underwent surgery via a posterior approach. Histological study revealed a @entity3 . A review of literature of this rare @entity1 is performed. KEY WORDS: Presacral cyst, Retrorectal epidermal cyst, @entity1 .

title: Retrorectal XXXX in a adult female Case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In elderly @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), medial temporal lobe (MTL) @entity5 and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) may account for the @entity3 . Though a combination therapy of statins with @entity4 lowering agents like @entity8 may be beneficial in @entity0 with @entity6 , its effects on MTL structure and @entity1 remains unknown. METHODS: A parallel group double-blinded randomized trial was performed during 1 year whereby elderly @entity2 -free @entity6 @entity0 either received placebo or @entity7 and @entity8 on top oral anticoagulation therapy. Neuropsychological performance and inflammatory markers in the blood were assessed at baseline and 1 year later together with amygdala and hippocampal volume as well as @entity1 . RESULTS: Sixty-three @entity0 were assessed for eligibility, but 29 @entity0 had to be excluded so that 34 @entity0 were randomized to both groups. In the treatment group, the systemic level of inflammation was significantly decreased after 1 year and an improvement in cognitive speed as well as short- and long-term memory was observed. While there was no significant difference in MTL volume at baseline, the placebo group exhibited more @entity5 for right amygdala and left hippocampus at follow-up. Finally, descriptive data showed a slight decline of @entity1 volume in the treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of limitations due to small sample size, our data suggest that intensive @entity4 lowering therapy in @entity6 @entity0 may slow @entity3 and @entity5 of the MTL. Though these results have to be replicated in a larger sample, they offer potential for future interventions.

title: One-year @entity4 lowering treatment reduces medial temporal lobe @entity5 and memory decline in XXXX -free elderly with @entity6 : evidence from a parallel group randomized trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In elderly @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), medial temporal lobe (MTL) @entity5 and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) may account for the @entity3 . Though a combination therapy of statins with @entity4 lowering agents like @entity8 may be beneficial in @entity0 with @entity6 , its effects on MTL structure and @entity1 remains unknown. METHODS: A parallel group double-blinded randomized trial was performed during 1 year whereby elderly @entity2 -free @entity6 @entity0 either received placebo or @entity7 and @entity8 on top oral anticoagulation therapy. Neuropsychological performance and inflammatory markers in the blood were assessed at baseline and 1 year later together with amygdala and hippocampal volume as well as @entity1 . RESULTS: Sixty-three @entity0 were assessed for eligibility, but 29 @entity0 had to be excluded so that 34 @entity0 were randomized to both groups. In the treatment group, the systemic level of inflammation was significantly decreased after 1 year and an improvement in cognitive speed as well as short- and long-term memory was observed. While there was no significant difference in MTL volume at baseline, the placebo group exhibited more @entity5 for right amygdala and left hippocampus at follow-up. Finally, descriptive data showed a slight decline of @entity1 volume in the treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of limitations due to small sample size, our data suggest that intensive @entity4 lowering therapy in @entity6 @entity0 may slow @entity3 and @entity5 of the MTL. Though these results have to be replicated in a larger sample, they offer potential for future interventions.

title: One-year @entity4 lowering treatment reduces medial temporal lobe XXXX and memory decline in @entity2 -free elderly with @entity6 : evidence from a parallel group randomized trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In elderly @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), medial temporal lobe (MTL) @entity5 and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) may account for the @entity3 . Though a combination therapy of statins with @entity4 lowering agents like @entity8 may be beneficial in @entity0 with @entity6 , its effects on MTL structure and @entity1 remains unknown. METHODS: A parallel group double-blinded randomized trial was performed during 1 year whereby elderly @entity2 -free @entity6 @entity0 either received placebo or @entity7 and @entity8 on top oral anticoagulation therapy. Neuropsychological performance and inflammatory markers in the blood were assessed at baseline and 1 year later together with amygdala and hippocampal volume as well as @entity1 . RESULTS: Sixty-three @entity0 were assessed for eligibility, but 29 @entity0 had to be excluded so that 34 @entity0 were randomized to both groups. In the treatment group, the systemic level of inflammation was significantly decreased after 1 year and an improvement in cognitive speed as well as short- and long-term memory was observed. While there was no significant difference in MTL volume at baseline, the placebo group exhibited more @entity5 for right amygdala and left hippocampus at follow-up. Finally, descriptive data showed a slight decline of @entity1 volume in the treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of limitations due to small sample size, our data suggest that intensive @entity4 lowering therapy in @entity6 @entity0 may slow @entity3 and @entity5 of the MTL. Though these results have to be replicated in a larger sample, they offer potential for future interventions.

title: One-year @entity4 lowering treatment reduces medial temporal lobe @entity5 and memory decline in @entity2 -free elderly with XXXX : evidence from a parallel group randomized trial.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In elderly @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), medial temporal lobe (MTL) @entity5 and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) may account for the @entity3 . Though a combination therapy of statins with @entity4 lowering agents like @entity8 may be beneficial in @entity0 with @entity6 , its effects on MTL structure and @entity1 remains unknown. METHODS: A parallel group double-blinded randomized trial was performed during 1 year whereby elderly @entity2 -free @entity6 @entity0 either received placebo or @entity7 and @entity8 on top oral anticoagulation therapy. Neuropsychological performance and inflammatory markers in the blood were assessed at baseline and 1 year later together with amygdala and hippocampal volume as well as @entity1 . RESULTS: Sixty-three @entity0 were assessed for eligibility, but 29 @entity0 had to be excluded so that 34 @entity0 were randomized to both groups. In the treatment group, the systemic level of inflammation was significantly decreased after 1 year and an improvement in cognitive speed as well as short- and long-term memory was observed. While there was no significant difference in MTL volume at baseline, the placebo group exhibited more @entity5 for right amygdala and left hippocampus at follow-up. Finally, descriptive data showed a slight decline of @entity1 volume in the treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of limitations due to small sample size, our data suggest that intensive @entity4 lowering therapy in @entity6 @entity0 may slow @entity3 and @entity5 of the MTL. Though these results have to be replicated in a larger sample, they offer potential for future interventions.

title: One-year XXXX lowering treatment reduces medial temporal lobe @entity5 and memory decline in @entity2 -free elderly with @entity6 : evidence from a parallel group randomized trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A surveillance study was conducted to determine the in-hospital and long-term prognostic value of @entity4 assessed by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (AEM) during the early in-hospital period after @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was determined by computer analysis of 24-h ECG tapes as a horizontal or downsloping change in ST level by > 0.1 mV from the reference base line. The ST level was measured 80 ms after the J point of all normally conducted complexes for > or = 1 min. All computer-detected ST events were verified by one trained reader. Tapes corresponding to 74 @entity0 were analyzed. In addition, 23 tapes corresponding to age- and gender-matched controls were also analyzed. @entity0 were divided into two groups: 22 @entity0 (30%) showed @entity4 (Group A), and 52 @entity0 (70%) had no episode of @entity4 (Group B). Among controls, 1 @entity0 (4%) showed @entity4 . During the early follow-up period (14 +/- 11 days after hospital admission), @entity3 occurred in 11 @entity0 [7 (32%) in Group A and 4(8%) in Group B, p < 0.01], including 6 @entity1 [5 (23%) in Group A and 1 (2%) in Group B, p < 0.01], 3 acute coronary artery bypass surgeries [2 (9%) in Group A and 1 (2%) in Group B, p = NS], and 2 nonfatal @entity2 (both in Group A, p = NS). During a mean follow-up period of 3 years (36 +/- 15 months), 18 @entity0 died [10 (45%) in Group A and 8 (15%) in Group B, p = 0.01]. Eleven deaths were sudden [7 (32%) in Group A and 4 (8%) in Group B, p < 0.01]. Eighteen @entity5 occurred [11 (50%) in Group A and 7 (13%) in Group B, p < 0.005]. Twenty @entity0 underwent revascularization procedures [7 (32%) in Group A and 13 (25%) in Group B, p = NS].(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX on ambulatory electrocardiography in the early in-hospital period after @entity5 predicts early and late mortality: a short-term and a 3-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A surveillance study was conducted to determine the in-hospital and long-term prognostic value of @entity4 assessed by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (AEM) during the early in-hospital period after @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was determined by computer analysis of 24-h ECG tapes as a horizontal or downsloping change in ST level by > 0.1 mV from the reference base line. The ST level was measured 80 ms after the J point of all normally conducted complexes for > or = 1 min. All computer-detected ST events were verified by one trained reader. Tapes corresponding to 74 @entity0 were analyzed. In addition, 23 tapes corresponding to age- and gender-matched controls were also analyzed. @entity0 were divided into two groups: 22 @entity0 (30%) showed @entity4 (Group A), and 52 @entity0 (70%) had no episode of @entity4 (Group B). Among controls, 1 @entity0 (4%) showed @entity4 . During the early follow-up period (14 +/- 11 days after hospital admission), @entity3 occurred in 11 @entity0 [7 (32%) in Group A and 4(8%) in Group B, p < 0.01], including 6 @entity1 [5 (23%) in Group A and 1 (2%) in Group B, p < 0.01], 3 acute coronary artery bypass surgeries [2 (9%) in Group A and 1 (2%) in Group B, p = NS], and 2 nonfatal @entity2 (both in Group A, p = NS). During a mean follow-up period of 3 years (36 +/- 15 months), 18 @entity0 died [10 (45%) in Group A and 8 (15%) in Group B, p = 0.01]. Eleven deaths were sudden [7 (32%) in Group A and 4 (8%) in Group B, p < 0.01]. Eighteen @entity5 occurred [11 (50%) in Group A and 7 (13%) in Group B, p < 0.005]. Twenty @entity0 underwent revascularization procedures [7 (32%) in Group A and 13 (25%) in Group B, p = NS].(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity4 on ambulatory electrocardiography in the early in-hospital period after XXXX predicts early and late mortality: a short-term and a 3-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity5