abstract: PURPOSE: To report a case of transient @entity3 after laser photocoagulation for peripheral retinal tear. @entity3 is one of the lesser known and less common complications of peripheral retinal laser photocoagulation. In fact, only a few works concerning this issue have been published so far. @entity1 has been described only after extensive laser treatment of the peripheral retina. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case that reports this complication after treatment limited to a small retinal area. We discuss the possible pathogenetic mechanism of this phenomenon. CASE REPORT: A 25-year-old healthy myopic @entity0 came to the eye clinic for flashes and floaters in her right eye. Fundus evaluation revealed a small horseshoe retinal tear at the 6 o'clock position. She was treated with prophylactic retinal laser barrage in the right eye. Twelve days later, she returned to our Retinal Clinic because of @entity2 . The problem started soon after the laser procedure. On examination, her distance visual acuity was 20/20 wearing her glasses. The @entity0 could read J1+ at 33 cm with the left eye and required a +3.00D addition over her corrective lens to read J1+ with the right eye. The accommodative disturbance resolved itself spontaneously and gradually within 3 months of laser treatment. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that transient @entity3 , although rare, should be included during pretreatment discussion with young @entity0 regarding the possible side effects of laser photocoagulation, even if this is limited to a small area of the peripheral retina.

title: Transient XXXX After Laser Barrage for Retinal Tear.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has recently been suggested that non-reflex behavioral readouts, such as burrowing, may be used to evaluate the efficacy of analgesics in rodent models of @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: To confirm whether intraplantar Complete Freund's Adjuvant ( @entity8 )-induced @entity2 reliably results in @entity1 which can be ameliorated by clinically efficacious analgesics as previously suggested. METHODS: Uni- or bilateral intraplantar @entity8 injections were performed in male @entity0 Han @entity0 . The time- and concentration-response of @entity1 and the ability of various analgesics to reinstate burrowing performance were studied. An anxiolytic was also tested to evaluate the motivational cue that drives this behavior. RESULTS: @entity1 were dependent on the concentration of @entity8 injected, most pronounced 24h after @entity8 injections and even more pronounced after bilateral compared with unilateral injections. @entity10 and @entity9 reversed @entity8 -induced @entity1 whereas @entity7 failed to significantly reinstate burrowing performance. @entity3 and @entity4 failed to reinstate burrowing performance, but sedation was observed in control @entity0 at doses thought to be efficacious. An antibody directed against the nerve growth factor significantly improved @entity8 -induced @entity1 . Neither @entity5 nor the anxiolytic @entity6 reinstated burrowing performance and the opportunity to find shelter did not modify burrowing performance. CONCLUSION: Burrowing is an innate behavior reliably exhibited by @entity0 . It is suppressed in a model of @entity2 and differently reinstated by clinically efficacious analgesics that lack motor impairing side effects, but not an anxiolytic, suggesting that this assay is suitable for the assessment of analgesic efficacy of novel drugs.

title: Pharmacological characterization of intraplantar Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in Qu  bec, Canada, has been dominated in the past decade by a clone of serogroup B (MenB) @entity0 defined by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) as sequence type (ST)-269. With the licensure of a new MenB vaccine Bexsero (4CMenB) in Canada, this study characterized invasive @entity0 recovered in Qu  bec from 2009 to 2013, with an objective to examine the diversity of the 4CMenB vaccine antigens. Isolates were serogrouped by antisera and genogrouped by PCR, and further typed by whole cell ELISA for serotype and serosubtype antigens. Clonal analysis was done by MLST. Isolates were genotyped by analysis of their 4CMenB vaccine antigen genes of PorA, factor H binding protein (fHbp), Neisserial Heparin Binding Antigen (NHBA), and Neisseria Adhesin A (NadA). RESULTS: Of the 263 @entity1 isolates analysed, 229, 16, 10, 7, and 1 belonged to MenB, MenY, MenW, MenC, and MenX, respectively. Of the 229 MenB, 159 (69.4 %) were typed as ST-269 clonal complex (CC); and they possessed a restricted number of three fHbp and five nhba gene alleles. Nine @entity0 isolates (eight MenB and one MenY) were found to possess at least one gene that encoded for an antigen that matched exactly with protein variants in the 4CMenB vaccine. Two MenB expressed PorA antigen P1.4 and possessed the nhba gene for peptide 2; four other MenB were predicted to have NHBA peptide 2; another two MenB were predicted to encode fHbp peptide 1.1; and a single MenY was found to have nadA gene for NadA peptide 8. In addition, another 172 isolates were found to possess genes for variant 1 fHbp peptides other than peptide 1.1 or NadA variant 1-2/3 peptides other than peptide 8; and therefore, may potentially be covered by 4CMenB. CONCLUSION: The most prevalent clone of @entity0 in Quebec was ST-269 CC; and 96 % of the isolates in this CC were predicted to be covered by 4CMenB vaccine. Extensive genetic diversity was found in the other @entity1 isolates in Qu  bec which might suggest a lower coverage by the vaccine when compared to the ST-269 MenB.

title: Characterization of invasive XXXX strains from Qu  bec, Canada, during a period of increased serogroup B disease, 2009-2013: phenotyping and genotyping with special emphasis on the non-carbohydrate protein vaccine targets.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Compared with other platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, pemetrexed plus platinum is more effective and tolerable as the first-line treatment for nonsquamous @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Thus, we examined the feasibility of using thoracic radiotherapy combined with concurrent full-dose pemetrexed as the first-line treatment for advanced nonsquamous @entity4 @entity0 . From January 2009 to July 2012, 41 @entity0 with stage IIIB or IV nonsquamous @entity4 were treated with full-dose pemetrexed plus cisplatin as the first-line chemotherapy combined with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy, with or without radiotherapy for @entity1 . The status of mutations in the @entity3 was unknown before the treatment, and no tyrosine-kinase inhibitor and cytotoxic drug maintenance therapy were administered to the @entity0 after the chemotherapy. The median follow-up duration was 26.3 months (range, 5.8-57.5 months). Twenty-one @entity0 had stage IIIB disease (19 with stage N3-IIIB). Of the 20 @entity0 with stage IV disease, 16 had oligometastases ( <=5) and four had polymetastases. The median number of chemotherapy cycles was 4. The median radiation dose was 60   Gy. Thirty-six @entity0 received radical doses of radiotherapy. @entity2 were highly tolerated. The median progression-free survival was 12 months and the median overall survival was 32 months. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 87.5, 67.1, and 43.4%, respectively. As the first-line treatment for selected @entity0 with advanced nonsquamous @entity4 , thoracic radiotherapy combined with concurrent full-dose pemetrexed plus cisplatin was safe and highly tolerable. In addition, the survival rate was encouraging. Prospective clinical trials are needed to verify the results.

title: Full-dose pemetrexed plus cisplatin combined with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy for previously untreated advanced nonsquamous XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a technique used worldwide to treat several types of chronic @entity1 refractory to any conservative treatment. The aim of this data collection is to enforce evidence of @entity3 effectiveness on neuropathic @entity4 reported in the literature and to speculate on the usefulness of the trial period in determining the long-term efficacy. Moreover, the very low percentage of undesired side effects and complications reported in our case series suggests that all implants should be performed by similarly well-trained and experienced professionals. METHOD: A multicentric data collection on a common database from 11 Italian neurosurgical departments started 3   years ago. Two different types of electrodes (paddle or percutaneous leads) were used. Of 122 @entity0 , 73  % (N   =   89) were submitted to a trial period, while the remaining @entity0 underwent the immediate permanent implant (N   =   33). Statistical comparisons of continuous variables between groups were performed. RESULTS: Most of the @entity0 (80  %) had predominant @entity2 to their lower limbs, while only 17  % of @entity0 had prevalent @entity2 . Significant reduction in @entity2 , as measured by variation in visual analogue scale (VAS) score, was observed at least 1  year after implantation in 63.8  % of the cases, 59.5  % of @entity0 who underwent a test trial and 71.4  % of @entity0 who underwent permanent implant at once. No statistical differences were found between the lower-limb @entity2 group and the @entity2 group. CONCLUSIONS: No relevant differences in long-term outcomes were observed in previously tested @entity0 compared with @entity0 implanted at once. Through this analysis we hope to recruit new centres, to give more scientific value to our results.

title: Epidural spinal cord stimulation for XXXX : a neurosurgical multicentric Italian data collection and analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous studies suggest @entity1 (DA) D2-like receptor involvement in the reinforcing effects of food. To determine contributions of the three D2-like receptor subtypes, knockout (KO) @entity0 completely lacking DA D2, D3, or D4 receptors (D2R, @entity2 , or D4R KO @entity0 ) and their wild-type (WT) littermates were exposed to a series of fixed-ratio (FR) food-reinforcement schedules in two contexts: an open economy with additional food provided outside the experimental setting and a closed economy with all food earned within the experimental setting. A behavioral economic model was used to quantify reinforcer effectiveness with food pellets obtained as a function of price (FR schedule value) plotted to assess elasticity of demand. Under both economies, as price increased, food pellets obtained decreased more rapidly (ie, food demand was more elastic) in DA D2R KO @entity0 compared with WT littermates. Extinction of responding was studied in two contexts: by eliminating food deliveries and by delivering food independently of responding. A hyperbolic model quantified rates of extinction. Extinction in DA D2R KO @entity0 occurred less rapidly compared with WT @entity0 in both contexts. Elasticity of food demand was higher in DA D4R KO than WT @entity0 in the open, but not closed, economy. Extinction of responding in DA D4R KO @entity0 was not different from that in WT littermates in either context. No differences in elasticity of food demand or extinction rate were obtained in D3R KO @entity0 and WT littermates. These results indicate that the D2R is the primary DA D2-like receptor subtype mediating the reinforcing effectiveness of food.Neuropsychopharmacology advance online publication, 19 August 2015; doi:10.1038/npp.2015.223.

title: XXXX D2-Like Receptors and Behavioral Economics of Food Reinforcement.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Interpersonal relationships are viewed as important contexts within which psychopathology emerges and persists or desists. Attachment theory describes the dynamics of long-term relationships between @entity0 especially in families and lifelong friendships. The present study was aimed at investigating attachment styles in adult @entity0 with @entity1 as compared to subjects with @entity4 and their potential correlates with a history of @entity3 . METHODS: A consecutive sample of 219 adult outpatients with @entity1 (117) or @entity4 (102) was assessed with the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity1 and a lifetime history of @entity3 presented elevated scores for Need for approval (p<0.001) and Preoccupation with relationships (p<0.001). Age correlated with the Relationships as secondary (r=0.322; p<0.001) and Need for approval (r=0.217; p=0.019) subscales while age at onset correlated only with Relationships as secondary (r=0.225; p=0.015). @entity2 -free @entity0 presented lower scores for Need for approval (p=0.003). @entity0 with @entity4 and a lifetime history of @entity3 presented lower scores in Confidence (p=0.002) and higher scores in Discomfort with closeness (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: An anxious-preoccupied attachment correlated with @entity3 in @entity1 while it was an avoidant pattern in @entity4 . Our results bring further data on the role of psychological variables in @entity3 in @entity1 . Further studies will allow early identification of @entity0 at risk and the development of preventive strategies.

title: Different attachment styles correlate with @entity3 in adults with XXXX or @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Interpersonal relationships are viewed as important contexts within which psychopathology emerges and persists or desists. Attachment theory describes the dynamics of long-term relationships between @entity0 especially in families and lifelong friendships. The present study was aimed at investigating attachment styles in adult @entity0 with @entity1 as compared to subjects with @entity4 and their potential correlates with a history of @entity3 . METHODS: A consecutive sample of 219 adult outpatients with @entity1 (117) or @entity4 (102) was assessed with the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity1 and a lifetime history of @entity3 presented elevated scores for Need for approval (p<0.001) and Preoccupation with relationships (p<0.001). Age correlated with the Relationships as secondary (r=0.322; p<0.001) and Need for approval (r=0.217; p=0.019) subscales while age at onset correlated only with Relationships as secondary (r=0.225; p=0.015). @entity2 -free @entity0 presented lower scores for Need for approval (p=0.003). @entity0 with @entity4 and a lifetime history of @entity3 presented lower scores in Confidence (p=0.002) and higher scores in Discomfort with closeness (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: An anxious-preoccupied attachment correlated with @entity3 in @entity1 while it was an avoidant pattern in @entity4 . Our results bring further data on the role of psychological variables in @entity3 in @entity1 . Further studies will allow early identification of @entity0 at risk and the development of preventive strategies.

title: Different attachment styles correlate with XXXX in adults with @entity1 or @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Interpersonal relationships are viewed as important contexts within which psychopathology emerges and persists or desists. Attachment theory describes the dynamics of long-term relationships between @entity0 especially in families and lifelong friendships. The present study was aimed at investigating attachment styles in adult @entity0 with @entity1 as compared to subjects with @entity4 and their potential correlates with a history of @entity3 . METHODS: A consecutive sample of 219 adult outpatients with @entity1 (117) or @entity4 (102) was assessed with the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity1 and a lifetime history of @entity3 presented elevated scores for Need for approval (p<0.001) and Preoccupation with relationships (p<0.001). Age correlated with the Relationships as secondary (r=0.322; p<0.001) and Need for approval (r=0.217; p=0.019) subscales while age at onset correlated only with Relationships as secondary (r=0.225; p=0.015). @entity2 -free @entity0 presented lower scores for Need for approval (p=0.003). @entity0 with @entity4 and a lifetime history of @entity3 presented lower scores in Confidence (p=0.002) and higher scores in Discomfort with closeness (p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: An anxious-preoccupied attachment correlated with @entity3 in @entity1 while it was an avoidant pattern in @entity4 . Our results bring further data on the role of psychological variables in @entity3 in @entity1 . Further studies will allow early identification of @entity0 at risk and the development of preventive strategies.

title: Different attachment styles correlate with @entity3 in adults with @entity1 or XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: We present two rare cases of @entity3 . These @entity1 are the first reported cases of dura-unrelated @entity5 originating from the arachnoid membrane over the vein of Galen (AMG). CASE DESCRIPTION: In Case 1, a 37-year-old @entity0 presented with a progressing @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large @entity1 in the pineal region, displacing the vein of Galen upward. Angiography disclosed occlusion of the vein of Galen, with deep venous flow draining through the veins on the right medial surface of the occipital lobe to the superior sagittal sinus. In Case 2, a 67-year-old @entity0 presented with @entity4 . MRI demonstrated a large mass in the pineal region, displacing the vein of Galen inferiorly. Angiography disclosed occlusion of the vein of Galen, with deep venous flow draining through the collateral venous channel into the transverse sinus. Both @entity1 were totally excised (Simpson Grade III for Case 1, Grade I for Case 2) via a left occipital transtentorial approach. No dural attachment was recognized in either case, but the @entity1 in Case 1 was firmly adherent to the inferior portion of the AMG, while that in Case 2 was attached to the superior portion of the AMG, but remained dissectible. CONCLUSIONS: We reported two cases of @entity3 originating from the arachnoid membrane over the vein of Galen, resulting in @entity5 without dural attachment. These @entity1 can be totally resected by careful dissection of the @entity1 from the arachnoid membrane surrounding the vein of Galen.

title: Two cases of XXXX derived from arachnoid membrane over the vein of Galen without dural attachment.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential diagnostic and prognostic role of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Chinese @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). All consecutive @entity0 with first-ever @entity1 from January 2014 to August 2014 were recruited to participate in the study. @entity2 and NIH @entity1 Scale were measured at the time of admission. Short-term functional outcome was measured by modified Rankin scale 3 months after admission. Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of serum @entity2 in diagnosing @entity1 and prognosing functional outcome. From 375 screened @entity0 , a total of 288 @entity0 with first-ever @entity1 were included in this study. Based on the ROC curve, the optimal cutoff value of serum @entity2 levels as an indicator for auxiliary diagnosis of @entity1 was projected to be 3.5 ng/mL, which yielded a sensitivity of 88.1 % and a specificity of 73.5 %, with the area under the curve at 0.907 (95 % CI 0.882-0.932). In multivariate analysis, there was an increased risk of unfavorable outcome associated with serum @entity2 levels >= 7.6 ng/mL (OR 4.356, 95 % CI 2.993-7.132, P < 0.0001) after adjusting for possible confounders. Our study demonstrated that elevated serum @entity2 level at admission was an independent diagnostic and prognostic marker in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: The diagnostic and prognostic value of serum XXXX levels in @entity0 with ischemic stroke.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential diagnostic and prognostic role of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Chinese @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). All consecutive @entity0 with first-ever @entity1 from January 2014 to August 2014 were recruited to participate in the study. @entity2 and NIH @entity1 Scale were measured at the time of admission. Short-term functional outcome was measured by modified Rankin scale 3 months after admission. Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of serum @entity2 in diagnosing @entity1 and prognosing functional outcome. From 375 screened @entity0 , a total of 288 @entity0 with first-ever @entity1 were included in this study. Based on the ROC curve, the optimal cutoff value of serum @entity2 levels as an indicator for auxiliary diagnosis of @entity1 was projected to be 3.5 ng/mL, which yielded a sensitivity of 88.1 % and a specificity of 73.5 %, with the area under the curve at 0.907 (95 % CI 0.882-0.932). In multivariate analysis, there was an increased risk of unfavorable outcome associated with serum @entity2 levels >= 7.6 ng/mL (OR 4.356, 95 % CI 2.993-7.132, P < 0.0001) after adjusting for possible confounders. Our study demonstrated that elevated serum @entity2 level at admission was an independent diagnostic and prognostic marker in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: The diagnostic and prognostic value of serum @entity2 levels in XXXX with ischemic stroke.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) in treating @entity2 (EGC) and @entity6 in the remnant stomach of @entity0 after gastrectomy. METHODS: Clinical data of 36 @entity0 with EGC and @entity6 in remnant stomach undergoing ESD in Endoscopy Center of Zhongshan Hospital from January 2008 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Operative, postoperative conditions and long-term follow-up of these @entity0 were evaluated. RESULTS: Both the success rate and the complete resection rate were 100%. The average maximum diameter of the @entity1 was 1.5(range 0.6-4.5) cm. During the ESD process, two @entity3 cases were treated successfully by endoscopic hemostasis. The average operation time was 40(10-80) min. The delayed @entity3 developed in 2 cases within 1-3 days after operation, and were also treated successfully by endoscopic hemostasis. There was no perforation or delayed perforation. No emergency surgery was required for the complication. Twelve cases were diagnosed as mild-moderate @entity5 , 7 cases as high grade intraepithelial @entity1 , 16 cases as @entity4 , and 1 case as @entity7 with T1 stage, who underwent operation for resecting gastric stump and lymph node dissection 7 days after ESD without subsequent follow-up. The curative resection rate was 92.7%(35/36). The median follow-up of the remaining 35 @entity0 was 36(6-78) months without discomfort and recurrence under gastroscopy. CONCLUSION: ESD is safe and effective for EGC and @entity6 in the remnant stomach.

title: [Efficacy analysis of @entity1 and XXXX in the remnant stomach].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) in treating @entity2 (EGC) and @entity6 in the remnant stomach of @entity0 after gastrectomy. METHODS: Clinical data of 36 @entity0 with EGC and @entity6 in remnant stomach undergoing ESD in Endoscopy Center of Zhongshan Hospital from January 2008 to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Operative, postoperative conditions and long-term follow-up of these @entity0 were evaluated. RESULTS: Both the success rate and the complete resection rate were 100%. The average maximum diameter of the @entity1 was 1.5(range 0.6-4.5) cm. During the ESD process, two @entity3 cases were treated successfully by endoscopic hemostasis. The average operation time was 40(10-80) min. The delayed @entity3 developed in 2 cases within 1-3 days after operation, and were also treated successfully by endoscopic hemostasis. There was no perforation or delayed perforation. No emergency surgery was required for the complication. Twelve cases were diagnosed as mild-moderate @entity5 , 7 cases as high grade intraepithelial @entity1 , 16 cases as @entity4 , and 1 case as @entity7 with T1 stage, who underwent operation for resecting gastric stump and lymph node dissection 7 days after ESD without subsequent follow-up. The curative resection rate was 92.7%(35/36). The median follow-up of the remaining 35 @entity0 was 36(6-78) months without discomfort and recurrence under gastroscopy. CONCLUSION: ESD is safe and effective for EGC and @entity6 in the remnant stomach.

title: [Efficacy analysis of XXXX and @entity6 in the remnant stomach].

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2 (PSA) screening is controversial, and little is known regarding a physician's effect on a @entity0 's decision to undergo screening. This study's objective was to evaluate the effect of a @entity0 's understanding of the risks and benefits of screening compared to the final recommendation of the provider on the @entity0 's decision to undergo PSA screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, @entity0 older than 55 years who did not have a history of @entity1 /prostate "problem" and who reported a PSA test within the preceding year were considered to have undergone screening. The percentages of @entity0 informed and not informed of the risks and benefits of screening and the percentage @entity0 receiving recommendations for PSA screening from their provider were reported. Multivariable complex-sample logistic regression calculated the odds of undergoing screening. RESULTS: In all, 75% of @entity0 were informed of screening benefits; however, 32% were informed of screening risks. After being informed of both, 56% of @entity0 opted for PSA screening if the provider recommended it, compared with only 21% when not recommended. @entity0 receiving a recommendation to undergo PSA testing had higher odds of undergoing screening (odds ratio [OR] = 4.98, 95% CI: 4.53-5.48) compared with those who were only informed about screening benefits (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 2.18-2.65) or risks (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98). Significant limitations include recall and nonresponse bias. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 ' decision to undergo or forgo PSA screening is heavily influenced by the recommendation of their physician; it is imperative that physicians are cognizant of their biases and facilitate a shared decision-making process.

title: The influence of physician recommendation on XXXX screening.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To further elucidate the clinical and pathologic features of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and its clinical spectrum. METHODS: Eight cases of @entity8 were reviewed. The clinicopathologic profiles, immunophenotypes and outcome data were investigated. RESULTS: All 8 cases occurred in females with a mean age at presentation of 40 years (range, 13-69 years). Five @entity2 arose in the skin of the head and neck region and lower extremities, two in the long bones and one in the spleen. Clinically, the @entity0 presented with a slowly growing cutaneous plaque or subcutaneous nodule, @entity3 of the upper arm, and dull @entity3 and discomfort in the left hypochondrium respectively. Grossly, the @entity2 appeared as a non-encapsulated gray-yellowish to tan-brown mass with a mean diameter of 2.6 cm (range, 0.8-5.0 cm). On histology, it was composed of delicate branches of elongated vessels lined by a layer of hobnail or matchstick endothelium, exhibiting a retiform pattern with close resemblance of the normal rete testis. Cords or solid nests of epithelioid cells were noted adjacent to the well-formed vessels. In three cases, dilated vascular spaces with formation of intravascular papillary tufts were observed, features overlapping with @entity2 . There was usually marked lymphocytic infiltration in the stroma which was also hyalinized in some cases. One case had regional lymph node @entity1 . By immunohistochemistry, all cases consistently expressed endothelial markers, including @entity5 (8/8), @entity0 @entity7 (5/8), @entity6 (5/7) and D2-40 (1/2). Two of six cases with follow-up information (18-67 months) developed local recurrences, but distant @entity1 was not identified. CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 is a distinctive @entity2 of adulthood characterized by retiform growth of vessels with striking hobnail endothelium. Although the @entity2 occurs predominantly in the skin, the long bones and the spleen can be occasionally affected. The presence of @entity2 in @entity8 may suggest a morphologic continuum between these two entities, comprising the family of @entity8 . Familiarity with the characteristic features of this @entity2 of intermediate malignancy will help in the differential diagnosis of @entity4 with hobnail endothelium.

title: [ XXXX : a clinicopathologic analysis of 8 cases].

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of traditional counseling and @entity0 -centered counseling, either alone or with recorded audio counseling reinforcement, on @entity2 knowledge and clinical follow-up. DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Newly diagnosed @entity2 @entity0 were randomized to 1 of 3 categories of @entity2 counseling: traditional counseling, @entity0 -centered counseling, or @entity0 -centered counseling with audio counseling reinforcement. Demographic and clinical information from each subject was ascertained, and all subjects completed the @entity2 Knowledge Assessment before and after counseling sessions at the time of diagnosis and at 1-month follow-up. @entity0 were instructed to return to clinic for routine follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12  months after enrollment. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with appropriate clinical follow-up. RESULTS: Overall, only 13.5% of subjects had appropriate clinical follow-up at 1 year, defined as attending at least 3 follow-up visits during that interval, and there was no significant difference between counseling groups. The mean @entity2 knowledge assessment score (GKAS) improved by 77.6% with the initial counseling intervention (P < .0001), decreased by 17.4% within a 1-month period following initial counseling, and improved by 22.8% (P < .001) after the second counseling intervention. Monthly household income over 2500 rupees, GKAS greater than 5 after initial counseling, and undergoing any ocular surgical procedure were all independent predictors of appropriate follow-up. CONCLUSION: While all 3 counseling methods resulted in transient improvement of @entity0 knowledge regarding @entity1 , follow-up rates were poor for all groups. Poor retention of @entity2 knowledge may impact the likelihood of @entity0 follow-up, and reinforcement with repeated counseling may be beneficial with regard to both disease knowledge and follow-up.

title: Effectiveness of XXXX Counseling on Rates of Follow-up and @entity2 Knowledge in  a  South Indian Population.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of traditional counseling and @entity0 -centered counseling, either alone or with recorded audio counseling reinforcement, on @entity2 knowledge and clinical follow-up. DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Newly diagnosed @entity2 @entity0 were randomized to 1 of 3 categories of @entity2 counseling: traditional counseling, @entity0 -centered counseling, or @entity0 -centered counseling with audio counseling reinforcement. Demographic and clinical information from each subject was ascertained, and all subjects completed the @entity2 Knowledge Assessment before and after counseling sessions at the time of diagnosis and at 1-month follow-up. @entity0 were instructed to return to clinic for routine follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12  months after enrollment. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with appropriate clinical follow-up. RESULTS: Overall, only 13.5% of subjects had appropriate clinical follow-up at 1 year, defined as attending at least 3 follow-up visits during that interval, and there was no significant difference between counseling groups. The mean @entity2 knowledge assessment score (GKAS) improved by 77.6% with the initial counseling intervention (P < .0001), decreased by 17.4% within a 1-month period following initial counseling, and improved by 22.8% (P < .001) after the second counseling intervention. Monthly household income over 2500 rupees, GKAS greater than 5 after initial counseling, and undergoing any ocular surgical procedure were all independent predictors of appropriate follow-up. CONCLUSION: While all 3 counseling methods resulted in transient improvement of @entity0 knowledge regarding @entity1 , follow-up rates were poor for all groups. Poor retention of @entity2 knowledge may impact the likelihood of @entity0 follow-up, and reinforcement with repeated counseling may be beneficial with regard to both disease knowledge and follow-up.

title: Effectiveness of @entity2 Counseling on Rates of Follow-up and XXXX Knowledge in  a  South Indian Population.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of the present study was to develop a discriminatory and reproducible accelerated in vitro release method for long-acting @entity1 microspheres with inner structure/porosity differences. @entity0 was chosen as a model drug. Qualitatively and quantitatively equivalent @entity1 microspheres with different inner structure/porosity were obtained using different manufacturing processes. Physicochemical properties as well as degradation profiles of the prepared microspheres were investigated. Furthermore, in vitro release testing of the prepared @entity0 microspheres was performed using the most common in vitro release methods (i.e., sample-and-separate and flow through) for this type of product. The obtained compositionally equivalent @entity0 microspheres had similar drug loading but different inner structure/porosity. When microsphere particle size appeared similar, porous @entity0 microspheres showed faster microsphere degradation and drug release compared with less porous microspheres. Both in vitro release methods investigated were able to differentiate @entity0 microsphere formulations with differences in porosity under real-time (37  C) and accelerated (45  C) testing conditions. Notably, only the accelerated USP apparatus 4 method showed good reproducibility for highly porous @entity0 microspheres. These results indicated that the accelerated USP apparatus 4 method is an appropriate fast quality control tool for long-acting @entity1 microspheres (even with porous structures).

title: A reproducible accelerated in vitro release testing method for XXXX microspheres.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are limited nationally representative estimates of the annual economic burden among survivors of the three most prevalent @entity2 (colorectal, female breast, and prostate) in both nonelderly and elderly populations in the United States. METHODS: The 2008 to 2012 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data were used to identify colorectal (n = 540), female breast (n = 1568), and prostate (n = 1170) @entity2 survivors and individuals without a @entity2 history (n = 109 423). Excess economic burden attributable to @entity2 included per- @entity1 excess annual medical expenditures and productivity losses (employment disability, missed work days, and days stayed in bed). All analyses were stratified by @entity2 site and age (nonelderly: 18-64 years vs elderly: >= 65 years). Multivariable analyses controlled for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, education, number of comorbidities, and geographic region. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: Compared with individuals without a @entity2 history, @entity2 survivors experienced annual excess medical expenditures (for the nonelderly population, colorectal:  8647, 95% confidence interval [CI] =  4932 to  13 974, P < .001; breast:  5119, 95% CI =  3439 to  7158, P < .001; prostate:  3586, 95% CI =  1792 to  6076, P < .001; for the elderly population, colorectal:  4913, 95% CI =  2768 to  7470, P < .001; breast:  2288, 95% CI =  814 to  3995, P = .002; prostate:  3524, 95% CI =  1539 to  5909, P < .001). Nonelderly @entity0 survivors experienced statistically significant @entity4 (13.6%, P < .001, and 4.8%, P = .001) and productivity loss at work (7.2 days, P < .001, and 3.3 days, P = .002) and at home (4.5 days, P < .001, and 3.3 days, P = .003). In contrast, elderly survivors of all three @entity2 sites had comparable productivity losses as those without a @entity2 history. CONCLUSIONS: Colorectal, breast, and @entity3 survivors experienced statistically significantly higher economic burden compared with individuals without a @entity2 history; however, excess economic burden varies by @entity2 site and age. Targeted efforts will be important in reducing the economic burden of @entity0 .

title: Annual Medical Expenditure and Productivity Loss Among Colorectal, Female Breast, and XXXX Survivors in the United States.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The small intestine plays an important role in all aspects of pharmacokinetics, but there is no system for the comprehensive evaluation of small-intestinal pharmacokinetics, including drug metabolism and absorption. In this study, we aimed to construct an intestinal pharmacokinetics evaluation system and to generate pharmacokinetically functional enterocytes from @entity0 induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. These cells were differentiated into intestinal stem cell-like cells using activin A and @entity1 . The resulting cells were differentiated into enterocytes in a medium containing epidermal growth factor and small-molecule compounds. The differentiated cells expressed intestinal marker genes and drug transporters. The expression of sucrase-isomaltase, an intestine-specific marker, was markedly increased by small-molecule compounds. The cells exhibited activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes expressed in enterocytes, including @entity2 /2, @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity6 /5, @entity7 , and SULT. Fluorescence-labeled dipeptide uptake into the cells was observed and was inhibited by ibuprofen, an inhibitor of the intestinal oligopeptide transporter @entity8 / @entity8 . @entity6 mRNA expression level was increased by these compounds and induced by the addition of 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. @entity6 /5 activity was also induced by 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in cells differentiated in the presence of the compounds. All these results show that we have generated enterocyte-like cells having pharmacokinetic functions and identified small-molecule compounds that are effective for promoting intestinal differentiation and the gain of pharmacokinetic functions. Our enterocyte-like cells would be useful material for developing a novel evaluation system to predict @entity0 intestinal pharmacokinetics.

title: Generation of Enterocyte-Like Cells with Pharmacokinetic Functions from XXXX Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Small-Molecule Compounds.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the methods to delineate the inner bladder (IB) surface using a uniform contraction from the outer bladder (OB) surface, assuming the bladder wall (BW) is either of constant thickness, constant volume or variable volume. METHODS: 14 prostate intensity-modulated radiotherapy @entity0 with 2 planning CTs were identified. For both CTs, OB was delineated using model-based segmentation. IB was delineated manually. Then, using uniform contractions from OB, the position of IB was approximated using a: 2.5-mm contraction, @entity0 -specific contraction, @entity0 -specific constant wall volume method and variable wall volume method. The structures created using those strategies were compared against the manual IB contours using geometric and dosimetric indices. RESULTS: In the presence of variable @entity1 , use of a generic or @entity0 -specific constant contraction resulted in a significant overestimation of IB volume (+12 and +13   cm(3), respectively; p   <   0.001) that was inversely correlated with the difference in urine volume between the scans (R(2)   >   0.86). Mean differences across 95% of IB surfaces were  <=2   mm for methods using either constant or variable wall volume. Mean dose-volume histogram (DVH) differences were <1   cm(3) across the whole BW DVH when using the method that assumed a variable wall volume. CONCLUSION: The variable volume BW model provided the best approximation of the IB surface position under varying filling conditions, based on geometric and dosimetric indices. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: Use of the equation derived in this research provides a quick and accurate method to delineate the hollow BW on serial imaging for the purposes of dose reconstruction.

title: Delineating the inner bladder surface using uniform contractions from the outer surface under variable XXXX conditions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is an acquired @entity5 that most commonly occurs in the Spigelian belt. @entity0 may experience @entity1 or a bulge in the abdominal area, but in most cases there are no symptoms. If left untreated the @entity3 may become strangulated, which could lead to @entity4 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 28 surgical @entity0 with @entity3 between January 2002 and December 2013. We evaluated the incidence of complications, recurrences, and the length of hospital stay with comorbidities, body mass index, clinical presentation, and operative techniques. RESULTS: The 28 @entity0 included 10 males and 18 females, with a mean age of 67  years. Seven @entity0 (26.9%) received emergency operations, and the remaining @entity0 received elective operations. An "open-direct" operative approach was used in 16 cases and a laparoscopic approach in 12. The overall complication rate was 7.6% and the recurrence rate was 3.8% with a median follow-up of 3  years. The median hospital stay was 1  day (range, 1-7). Only the presence of local complications at diagnosis showed a significant impact on length of hospital stay. None of the considered variables had a significant impact on @entity3 recurrence. CONCLUSION: No differences were noted among the operative techniques, wound @entity2 , complications rate, and length of hospital stay. Laparoscopy seems to cause more early postoperative @entity1 that reverses in about 2  weeks.

title: Twelve years of experience treating XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A case of accidental exposure of a @entity0 undergoing hemodialysis to a @entity10 solution is reported. A 61-year-old @entity0 was completing a hemodialysis treatment when routine cleaning of the hemodialysis machine was started. Approximately two liters of undiluted @entity10 cleaning solution (Chlorox) was added to the dialysis bath, soaking the membrane fibers. For less than two minutes the Chlorox-soaked membrane was in contact with the blood returning to the @entity0 . This accident led to massive @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity2 , and @entity4 . @entity5 may have been caused by the hypertonic solution, rapid exothermic protein degradation, alkaline degradation, or another mechanism. The sudden rise and fall in the concentrations of serum electrolytes and subsequent @entity8 was the most probable cause for the @entity4 . Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was started, the @entity0 was intubated, given @entity1 , @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity6 . @entity11 5 g was administered by a nasogastric tube approximately 25 minutes after the @entity4 as a neutralizing reducing agent. The @entity0 's condition stabilized, and she recovered after a week of hospitalization. Cleaning solutions used in the routine cleaning of hemodialysis machinery represent potentially toxic agents. Hemodialysis procedures should ensure that cleaning and sterilizing solutions cannot accidentally come into contact with a dialysis machine that is still connected to the @entity0 .

title: Accidental systemic exposure to XXXX (Chlorox) during hemodialysis.

answer: @entity10


abstract: A prospective randomized study involving @entity0 with premature rupture of the membranes between the twenty-eighth week and the thirty-fourth week of pregnancy was conducted. @entity0 with @entity7 , @entity5 , and fetal distress, as well as those with mature lecithin/ @entity6 ratios and/or Gram stains positive for bacteria, were delivered immediately. The remaining @entity0 were randomized. One group received @entity8 . Tocolytic agents were used in this group when necessary. After 48 hours all @entity0 given @entity3 (CS group) were delivered). The second group was managed expectantly (EM group) and were delivered only when spontaneous labor or @entity2 occurred. A total of 160 @entity0 were randomized, 80 in each group. Maternal outcome, including @entity7 and cesarean section rates, was not different; however, the @entity9 rate was significantly higher in the CS group (p less than 0.05). Neonatal outcome did not differ in mean birth weights, perinatal @entity1 rates, @entity2 , or incidences of @entity4 . The frequency of prolonged hospital stay (greater than 4 weeks) was higher in the neonates in the CS group (p less than 0.01). The conclusion is that @entity3 and active management in @entity0 with premature rupture of the membranes and premature gestations do not decrease the incidence of @entity4 or perinatal mortality and may aggravate certain infectious complications.

title: Prospective randomized study of XXXX in the management of premature rupture of the membranes and the premature gestation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity0 with ST elevation @entity2 (STEMIs) are known to have worse outcomes than @entity0 with non-ST elevation @entity2 (NSTEMIs), such differences are not well described in the subset of @entity0 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. The purpose of this study is to compare postoperative outcomes of @entity0 undergoing nonemergent coronary artery bypass grafting within 1 week after an STEMI versus NSTEMI. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on @entity0 undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting between 1 and 7 days from an MI from 2008 to 2012. Postoperative outcomes, including mortality and composite postoperative morbidity for @entity0 with STEMI versus NSTEMI, were compared within each group. RESULTS: Of the 446 @entity0 undergoing nonemergent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting between 1 and 7 days after an MI, 122 @entity0 (27.3%) had an STEMI. The STEMI cohort was younger with less incidence of @entity1 than the NSTEMI cohort. However, aside from having a lower incidence of @entity3 , STEMI @entity0 had an overall poorer cardiac status than NSTEMI @entity0 . No differences were found in mortality, rates of major complication, length of intensive care unit stay, and length of hospital stay between STEMI and NSTEMI @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Despite differences in preoperative characteristics and pathophysiology of @entity0 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between 1 and 7 days after NSTEMI versus STEMI, no difference was found in early surgical outcome. The classification of MI should therefore not influence surgical decision making in such @entity0 .

title: XXXX Classification on Outcomes in Nonemergent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the perception of an @entity2 resultant from arthroscopic long head biceps (LHB) tenotomy according to the degree of experience of the assisting professional. METHODS: 120 @entity0 submitted to shoulder surgery were photographed and photos were mounted in a PowerPoint presentation. Three shoulder specialist surgeons, three generalist orthopedic surgeons and three graduated residents analyzed the presentation. RESULTS: On all @entity0 we observed most agreement among the shoulder specialists. When just the @entity0 with LHB tenotomy were analyzed, the specialists agreed moderately, the generalists had small agreement and the residents, a poor one. Analyzing @entity0 with BMI < 30, there was major agreement between the specialists, while the generalists and residents had poor agreement. Analyzing @entity0 with BMI >=  30, the generalists had small kappa agreement, while the specialists and residents had no agreement. CONCLUSIONS: The perception of an @entity2 regarding a LHB tenotomy did not have significant agreement between different level of professionals, even though the specialists showed similar perception on tenotomy @entity0 . The evaluation of @entity1 @entity0 lowered the agreement on the three groups of professionals. Level of Evidence III. Case Control Study.

title: Interprofessional analysis of XXXX from long head biceps tenotomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two botanical varieties of cabbage, namely Savoy ( @entity1 . Sabauda L.) and White ( @entity1 . Capitata L.) were used in order to understand the morphological, physiological and biochemical elements of functional salt stress response. Thirteen salt concentrations (range, 0 to 300   mmol   L(-1) @entity0 ) were considered in Experiment 1 and, of these 13, three (0, 100 and 200   mmol   L(-1) @entity0 ) were used in Experiment 2. RESULTS: Experiment 1 enabled the definition of two salinity thresholds (100 and 200   mmol   L(-1) @entity0 ), associated with morphological and physiological adaptations. In Experiment 2, moderate salinity (100   mmol   L(-1) @entity0 ) had lower effects on Savoy than in White cabbage yield (respectively, -16% and -62% from control). Concurrently, 100   mmol   L(-1) @entity0 resulted in a significant increase of antioxidant enzymes from control conditions, that was greater in Savoy (+289, +423 and +88%, respectively) as compared to White (+114, +356 and +28%, respectively) cabbage. Ion accumulation was found to be a key determinant in tissue osmotic adjustment (mainly in Savoy) whereas the contribution of organic osmolites was negligible. CONCLUSIONS: Higher antioxidative enzymatic activities in Savoy versus White cabbage after treatment with 100   mmol   L(-1) @entity0 were associated with improved water relations, thus suggesting a possible physiological pathway for alleviating perceived salt stress.    2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

title: Salinity thresholds and genotypic variability of cabbage ( XXXX .) grown under saline stress.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Intervertebral cage settling during bone remodeling after lumbar @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a common occurrence during the normal healing process. Progression of this settling with endplate collapse is defined as subsidence. The purposes of this study were to 1) assess the rate of subsidence after minimally invasive (MIS) @entity3 by CT, 2) distinguish between early cage subsidence (ECS) and delayed cage subsidence (DCS), 3) propose a descriptive method for classifying the types of subsidence, and 4) discuss techniques for mitigating the risk of subsidence after MIS @entity3 . METHODS A total of 128 consecutive @entity0 (with 178 treated levels in total) underwent MIS @entity3 performed by a single surgeon. The subsidence was deemed to be ECS if it was evident on postoperative Day 2 CT images and was therefore the result of an intraoperative @entity1 and deemed DCS if it was detected on subsequent CT scans (>=  6 months postoperatively). Endplate breaches were categorized as caudal (superior endplate) and/or cranial (inferior endplate), and as ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral with respect to the side of cage insertion. Subsidence seen in CT images (radiographic subsidence) was measured from the vertebral endplate to the caudal or cranial margin of the cage (in millimeters). @entity0 -reported outcome measures included visual analog scale, @entity2 Index, and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey physical and mental component summary scores. RESULTS Four @entity0 had ECS in a total of 4 levels. The radiographic subsidence (DCS) rates were 10% (13 of 128 @entity0 ) and 8% (14 of 178 levels), with 3% of @entity0 (4 of 128) exhibiting clinical subsidence. In the DCS levels, 3 types of subsidence were evident on coronal and sagittal CT scans: Type 1, caudal contralateral, in 14% (2 of 14), Type 2, caudal bilateral with anterior cage tilt, in 64% (9 of 14), and Type 3, both endplates bilaterally, in 21% (3 of 14). The mean subsidence in the DCS levels was 3.2 mm. There was no significant difference between the numbers of @entity0 in the subsidence (DCS) and no-subsidence groups who received clinical benefit from the surgical procedure, based on the minimum clinically important difference (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between the fusion rates at 6 months (p = 0.0195); however, by 12 months, the difference was not significant (p = 0.2049). CONCLUSIONS The authors distinguished between ECS and DCS. Radiographic subsidence (DCS) was categorized using descriptors for the location and severity of the subsidence. Neither interbody fusion rates nor clinical outcomes were affected by radiographic subsidence. To protect @entity0 from subsidence after MIS @entity3 , the surgeon needs to take care with the caudal endplate during cage insertion. If a caudal bilateral (Type 2) endplate breach is detected, supplemental posterior fixation to arrest progression and facilitate fusion is recommended.

title: Assessment and classification of subsidence after XXXX using serial computed tomography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Insomnia is a prevalent @entity2 that can profoundly impact a @entity0 's health and wellbeing. Herbal medicine represents one of the most frequently used complementary and alternative treatments of @entity1 . However, the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine for the treatment of this disorder is currently uncertain. In order to ascertain the evidence base for herbal medicine for @entity1 , we systematically searched seventeen electronic databases and the reference lists of included studies for relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Fourteen RCTs, involving a total of 1602 @entity0 with @entity1 , met the inclusion criteria. Four distinct orally administered herbal monopreparations were identified (i.e., valerian, chamomile, kava and wuling). There was no statistically significant difference between any herbal medicine and placebo, or any herbal medicine and active control, for any of the thirteen measures of clinical efficacy. As for safety, a similar or smaller number of adverse events per @entity0 were reported with kava, chamomile and wuling when compared with placebo. By contrast, a greater number of events per @entity0 were reported with valerian. While there is insufficient evidence to support the use of herbal medicine for @entity1 , there is a clear need for further research in this area.

title: Herbal medicine for XXXX : A systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Accurate biometry is an obligatory preoperative measurement for refractive surgery as well as @entity1 surgery. A new device based on partial coherence interferometry was compared with 2 currently used biometry devices. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany. DESIGN: Prospective case series. METHODS: Eyes of @entity1 @entity0 were examined with a functional prototype of the new optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR) biometer OA-2000, the standard OLCR biometer Lenstar, and the partial coherence interferometry (PCI) biometer IOLMaster. The results were compared using a Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation calculations. RESULTS: A total of 138 eyes of 74 @entity1 @entity0 were examined. Pearson correlation showed excellent correlation for axial length, @entity3 and keratometry among the 3 devices tested. The highest correlation was found between standard OLCR biometer and PCI biometer for @entity2 , R1, and R2 (r = 1.0, r = 0.936, r = 0.952, respectively; all P  <= .001). For @entity3 ( @entity3 ), the highest correlation was found between the standard OLCR biometer and the new OLCR biometer (r = 0.943; P  <= .001). The mean values of @entity2 / @entity3 /R1/R2 differed very little, but the differences were significant (all P  <= .05) (new OLCR biometer 23.31/3.21/7.74/7.64 mm; standard OLCR biometer 23.30/3.13/7.80/7.60 mm; PCI biometer 23.37/3.00/7.78/7.6 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other clinical instruments, the new OLCR biometer generated the most accurate results. Differences especially in measurement of axial length were statistically but not clinically significant. The new OLCR biometer yielded results that correlated very well with the values of the PCI biometer and standard OLCR biometer. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None of the authors has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Comparison of 3 biometry devices in  XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Accurate biometry is an obligatory preoperative measurement for refractive surgery as well as @entity1 surgery. A new device based on partial coherence interferometry was compared with 2 currently used biometry devices. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany. DESIGN: Prospective case series. METHODS: Eyes of @entity1 @entity0 were examined with a functional prototype of the new optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR) biometer OA-2000, the standard OLCR biometer Lenstar, and the partial coherence interferometry (PCI) biometer IOLMaster. The results were compared using a Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation calculations. RESULTS: A total of 138 eyes of 74 @entity1 @entity0 were examined. Pearson correlation showed excellent correlation for axial length, @entity3 and keratometry among the 3 devices tested. The highest correlation was found between standard OLCR biometer and PCI biometer for @entity2 , R1, and R2 (r = 1.0, r = 0.936, r = 0.952, respectively; all P  <= .001). For @entity3 ( @entity3 ), the highest correlation was found between the standard OLCR biometer and the new OLCR biometer (r = 0.943; P  <= .001). The mean values of @entity2 / @entity3 /R1/R2 differed very little, but the differences were significant (all P  <= .05) (new OLCR biometer 23.31/3.21/7.74/7.64 mm; standard OLCR biometer 23.30/3.13/7.80/7.60 mm; PCI biometer 23.37/3.00/7.78/7.6 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other clinical instruments, the new OLCR biometer generated the most accurate results. Differences especially in measurement of axial length were statistically but not clinically significant. The new OLCR biometer yielded results that correlated very well with the values of the PCI biometer and standard OLCR biometer. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: None of the authors has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Comparison of 3 biometry devices in  @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report our retrospective analysis of 40 @entity0 who received high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation for systemic immunoglobulin light-chain ( @entity3 ) @entity6 . Between 2006 and 2013, 40 @entity0 with @entity3 were transplanted at our medical center. Their median age was 54  years (range 32-70  years): 18 were male. The dominant organs involved were the heart in 13 @entity0 , and kidney in 22: and other organs were involved in five. The median @entity7 dose administered was 129 (range 50-200)  mg/m(2), and the median infused @entity5 (+) cells was 2.69 (range 1.17-11.26)  *  10(6)/kg. Of the 40 @entity0 , 30 are alive after a median follow-up of 42 (range 12-94) months, and the 4-year estimated overall survival rate was 74  % (95  % CI 56-86  %). Four @entity0 died  <=100  days post-ASCT ( @entity2 in three @entity0 , @entity4 in one). The 4-year estimated survival of the @entity0 with @entity1 was 54  %, significantly lower than that of the other @entity0 (91  %). Hematological and organ responses were 52 and 50  %, respectively. Careful @entity0 selection and experienced management are important, especially for @entity0 with @entity1 . It is also important to develop additional treatment for @entity0 who do not achieve a hematological and/or organ response.

title: High-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation for systemic light-chain XXXX : a single institution retrospective analysis of 40 cases.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: There is limited consensus on the optimal surgical strategy for double thoracic @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Recent studies have reported that pedicle screw constructs to maximize scoliosis correction cause further thoracic spine @entity4 . The objective of this study was to apply a new surgical technique for double thoracic @entity5 with @entity6 and assess its clinical outcomes. METHODS: Twenty one consecutive @entity0 with Lenke 2 @entity5 and a rigid PT curve (Cobb angle >= 30   on side-bending radiographs, flexibility  <=30 %) treated with the simultaneous double-rod rotation technique (SDRRT) were included. In this technique, a temporary rod is placed at the concave side of the PT curve. Then, distraction force is applied to correct the PT curve, which reforms a sigmoid double thoracic curve into an approximate single thoracic curve. As a result, the PT curve is typically converted from an apex left to an apex right curve before applying the correction rod for PT and main thoracic curve. RESULTS: All @entity0 were followed for at least 2 years (average 2.7 years). The average main thoracic and PT Cobb angle correction rate at the final follow-up was 74.7 and 58.0 %, respectively. The average preoperative T5-T12 thoracic kyphosis was 9.3  , which improved significantly to 19.0   (p < 0.0001) at the final follow-up. Although 71 % @entity0 had preoperative level shoulders or a positive radiographic shoulder height, all @entity0 had mildly imbalanced or balanced shoulders at the final follow-up. The average preoperative main thoracic apical @entity2 angle of 20.7   improved significantly after surgery to 16.4   (p = 0.0046), while the average preoperative total SRS questionnaire score of 3.7 improved significantly to 4.4 (p = 0.0012) at the final follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Radiographic findings and @entity0 outcomes were satisfactory. @entity3 can be maintained or improved, while coronal and @entity1 can be corrected using SDRRT for Lenke 2 @entity5 with a rigid PT curve.

title: Surgical treatment of double thoracic XXXX with a rigid proximal thoracic curve.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The burden of disease and mortality associated with @entity1 in Africa, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, is very high. The purpose of this study is to show that International Cooperation work in the field of @entity2 repair is effective; it minimizes the delay in @entity2 repairs in the targeted population, and can prevent a large number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: As a part of an International Cooperation program, a total of 990 black @entity0 with @entity1 were studied, in whom hernioplasty was performed using @entity3 mesh. The type of @entity2 and surgical technique were studied. Indicators of scientific and technical quality, indicators of efficiency and of effectiveness were analyzed. The results on the usefulness of interventions were calculated as avoided DALYs. RESULTS: Surgery was performed on 926 @entity0 with a total of 1033 @entity2 repairs. 87.2 % of the repairs were made with mesh. There was no mortality in the series, complications were minor, and 85.7 % of @entity0 remained less than 24 h in the center. There was a 2.8 % of recurrence, with a follow-up 58.7 % of the @entity0 in the first year. 5014 DALYs were avoided, and the average of the avoided DALYs per @entity0 was of 5.41. CONCLUSIONS: Hernia repair with mesh in low development countries is a procedure with low morbidity and high effectiveness that can prevent a large number of DALYs.

title: The Usefulness of International Cooperation in the Repair of XXXX in Sub-Saharan Africa.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: To discuss the possible reasons for the @entity1 and the acquisition of new phenotypic features (among them, sensitivity to X and UVC radiations) as a result of in vitro cultivation of @entity3 cells. Results: Ten years ago the phenotypic differences between LY-R (original L5178Y maintained in vivo and examined in vitro) and LY-S lines were reviewed in detail by the author. The @entity1 of LY-R cells upon in vitro cultivation accompanying the acquirement of the LY-S phenotype had been described earlier by Beer et al. (1983). In spite of their common origin, the sublines were shown to differ in their relative sensitivity to a number of DNA damaging agents and in numerous other features. Here, selected differences between LY-R and LY-S lines are briefly reviewed. It is proposed that Wallace's concept (2010a) that mitochondria are the interface between environmental conditions and the genome may explain the LY-R-LY-S conversion under prolonged in vitro cultivation. Conclusion: The differences between the LY lines were probably of epigenetic rather than genetic character. The properties of LY-R cells changed as a result of exposure to an oxic in vitro milieu. The changes could be preconditioned by heteroplasmy and the selection of cells endowed with mitochondria best fitted to a high @entity0 -low @entity2 environment.

title: From radioresistance to radiosensitivity: In vitro evolution of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between cardiopulmonary bypass-related systemic @entity1 and resting energy expenditure in pediatric subjects following cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Single-center, prospective cohort study. SETTING: Pediatric cardiac critical care unit in Toronto, Canada. @entity0 : @entity0 with @entity2 undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Resting energy expenditure was determined by indirect calorimetry and the modified Weir equation, using VO2 and VCO2 measured by in-line respiratory mass spectrometry. Measurements were taken at baseline and 6-hour intervals from separation from cardiopulmonary bypass for a maximum of 72 hours. Plasma @entity4 , @entity3 delivery, feeding status, and cardiac output (calculated by Fick equation) were monitored at each resting energy expenditure measurement. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We studied 111 subjects at a median (interquartile range) age of 5.3 months (0.8-10.5 mo), weighing 5.7 kg (3.9-8.1 kg), of whom 88% underwent biventricular repair. Resting energy expenditure decreased from 51 kcal/kg/d to 45 kcal/kg/d during the study period. Resting energy expenditure was positively associated with increased plasma @entity4 (estimate variable, 1.76; p = 0.001) and inversely associated with preoperative @entity5 use (estimate variable, -6.7; p = 0.003) even after accounting for other predictors. Increase in cardiac output was also associated (estimate variable, 13.7; p < 0.0001) with higher resting energy expenditure. CONCLUSIONS: Resting energy expenditure ranges between 40 and 60 kcal/kg/d and decreases progressively in @entity0 following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. It is directly associated with increased @entity1 and higher cardiac output and inversely associated with anti-inflammatory strategies. Further studies are required to predict the appropriate caloric delivery in this cohort.

title: Systemic XXXX increases energy expenditure following pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass.

answer: @entity1


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Psychiatric diagnoses are currently distinguished based on sets of specific symptoms. However, genetic and clinical analyses find similarities across a wide variety of diagnoses, suggesting that a common neurobiological substrate may exist across @entity6 . OBJECTIVE: To conduct a meta-analysis of structural neuroimaging studies across multiple @entity1 diagnoses, followed by parallel analyses of 3 large-scale healthy @entity0 data sets to help interpret structural findings in the meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: PubMed was searched to identify voxel-based morphometry studies through July 2012 comparing @entity1 @entity0 to healthy control individuals for the meta-analysis. The 3 parallel healthy @entity0 data sets included resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, a database of activation foci across thousands of neuroimaging experiments, and a data set with structural imaging and cognitive task performance data. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Studies were included in the meta-analysis if they reported voxel-based morphometry differences between @entity0 with an @entity1 and control individuals in stereotactic coordinates across the whole brain, did not present predominantly in childhood, and had at least 10 studies contributing to that diagnosis (or across closely related diagnoses). The meta-analysis was conducted on peak voxel coordinates using an activation likelihood estimation approach. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: We tested for areas of common gray matter volume increase or decrease across Axis I diagnoses, as well as areas differing between diagnoses. Follow-up analyses on other healthy @entity0 data sets tested connectivity related to regions arising from the meta-analysis and the relationship of gray matter volume to cognition. RESULTS: Based on the voxel-based morphometry meta-analysis of 193 studies comprising 15   892 individuals across 6 diverse diagnostic groups ( @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 , addiction, @entity7 , and @entity2 ), we found that gray matter loss converged across diagnoses in 3 regions: the dorsal anterior cingulate, right insula, and left insula. By contrast, there were few diagnosis-specific effects, distinguishing only @entity3 and @entity5 from other diagnoses. In the parallel follow-up analyses of the 3 independent healthy @entity0 data sets, we found that the common gray matter loss regions formed a tightly interconnected network during tasks and at resting and that lower gray matter in this network was associated with poor executive functioning. CONCLUSIONS AND REVELANCE: We identified a concordance across @entity1 diagnoses in terms of integrity of an anterior insula/dorsal anterior cingulate-based network, which may relate to executive function deficits observed across diagnoses. This concordance provides an organizing model that emphasizes the importance of shared neural substrates across psychopathology, despite likely diverse etiologies, which is currently not an explicit component of @entity1 nosology.

title: Identification of a common neurobiological substrate for XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity0 with @entity3 who are not candidates for revascularization have @entity6 despite standard medical therapy. The balloon-expandable, stainless steel, hourglass-shaped, coronary-sinus reducing device creates a focal narrowing and increases pressure in the coronary sinus, thus redistributing blood into ischemic myocardium. METHODS: We randomly assigned 104 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) class III or IV @entity6 (on a scale from I to IV, with higher classes indicating greater limitations on physical activity owing to @entity6 ) and @entity5 , who were not candidates for revascularization, to implantation of the device (treatment group) or to a sham procedure (control group). The primary end point was the proportion of @entity0 with an improvement of at least two @entity1 @entity6 classes at 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 35% of the @entity0 in the treatment group (18 of 52 @entity0 ), as compared with 15% of those in the control group (8 of 52), had an improvement of at least two @entity1 @entity6 classes at 6 months (P=0.02). The device was also associated with improvement of at least one @entity1 @entity6 class in 71% of the @entity0 in the treatment group (37 of 52 @entity0 ), as compared with 42% of those in the control group (22 of 52) (P=0.003). Quality of life as assessed with the use of the Seattle Angina Questionnaire was significantly improved in the treatment group, as compared with the control group (improvement on a 100-point scale, 17.6 vs. 7.6 points; P=0.03). There were no significant between-group differences in improvement in exercise time or in the mean change in the wall-motion index as assessed by means of @entity2 echocardiography. At 6 months, 1 @entity0 in the treatment group had had a @entity4 ; in the control group, 1 @entity0 had died and 3 had had a @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: In this small clinical trial, implantation of the coronary-sinus reducing device was associated with significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life in @entity0 with @entity6 who were not candidates for revascularization. (Funded by Neovasc; COSIRA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01205893.).

title: Efficacy of a device to narrow the coronary sinus in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissue specimens from ten @entity0 with primary @entity3 were examined. Most of these @entity1 were associated with either @entity4 and/or with glandular metaplasia of the bladder epithelium. The @entity6 produced by the neoplastic cells was PAS, @entity7 , mucicarmine, PB/ @entity5 /PAS, and RPB/KOH/PAS-positive. ABH isoantigens of these @entity1 were not always deleted. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells resembled goblet cells. Their plasma membrane had numerous microvilli with prominent glycocalyx. Proliferation and attenuation of tight junctions were noted. The gap junctions were few and small. Two types of desmosomes were found. The ultrastructural features of the neoplastic cells were attributed in part to the malignant transformation and in part to the direction of their differentiation. We have not observed any distinctive morphologic, histochemical, immunologic or ultrastructural features that might be diagnostic for these @entity2 .

title: Primary XXXX of the @entity0 urinary bladder: histochemical, immunological and ultrastructural studies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissue specimens from ten @entity0 with primary @entity3 were examined. Most of these @entity1 were associated with either @entity4 and/or with glandular metaplasia of the bladder epithelium. The @entity6 produced by the neoplastic cells was PAS, @entity7 , mucicarmine, PB/ @entity5 /PAS, and RPB/KOH/PAS-positive. ABH isoantigens of these @entity1 were not always deleted. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells resembled goblet cells. Their plasma membrane had numerous microvilli with prominent glycocalyx. Proliferation and attenuation of tight junctions were noted. The gap junctions were few and small. Two types of desmosomes were found. The ultrastructural features of the neoplastic cells were attributed in part to the malignant transformation and in part to the direction of their differentiation. We have not observed any distinctive morphologic, histochemical, immunologic or ultrastructural features that might be diagnostic for these @entity2 .

title: Primary @entity2 of the XXXX urinary bladder: histochemical, immunological and ultrastructural studies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity4 ( @entity10 ) is a standard treatment for metastatic and castration-resistant @entity1 . However, chemoresistance and side effects of @entity10 limit its clinical success. We investigated whether natural products @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity7 (Q), a @entity8 from apples and onions, will enhance the efficacy of @entity10 in @entity2 -independent (AI) @entity1 cells. Two cell lines including LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 were treated in vitro with 40  M of @entity6 (EGCG), 5  M of Q, 2 or 5 nM of @entity10 alone or in combination. The mixture of EGCG+Q+ @entity10 increased the antiproliferative effect by threefold in LAPC-4-AI cells and eightfold in PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone. EGCG, Q and @entity10 in combination significantly enhanced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone. The mixture increased the inhibition of PI3K/ @entity3 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 signaling pathways compared to @entity10 alone, and decreased the protein expression of @entity12 . In addition, the combination with EGCG and Q increased the inhibition of @entity0 cell invasion and colony formation in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone, and decreased the percentage of @entity5 (+)/ @entity11 (-) stem-like LAPC-4-AI cells. In summary, @entity9 and Q enhanced the therapeutic effect of @entity10 in castration-resistant @entity1 cells through multiple mechanisms including the down-regulation of chemoresistance-related proteins. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality to enhance the efficacy of @entity10 in a nontoxic manner.

title: Sensitization to @entity4 in @entity1 cells by XXXX and @entity7 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity4 ( @entity10 ) is a standard treatment for metastatic and castration-resistant @entity1 . However, chemoresistance and side effects of @entity10 limit its clinical success. We investigated whether natural products @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity7 (Q), a @entity8 from apples and onions, will enhance the efficacy of @entity10 in @entity2 -independent (AI) @entity1 cells. Two cell lines including LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 were treated in vitro with 40  M of @entity6 (EGCG), 5  M of Q, 2 or 5 nM of @entity10 alone or in combination. The mixture of EGCG+Q+ @entity10 increased the antiproliferative effect by threefold in LAPC-4-AI cells and eightfold in PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone. EGCG, Q and @entity10 in combination significantly enhanced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone. The mixture increased the inhibition of PI3K/ @entity3 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 signaling pathways compared to @entity10 alone, and decreased the protein expression of @entity12 . In addition, the combination with EGCG and Q increased the inhibition of @entity0 cell invasion and colony formation in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone, and decreased the percentage of @entity5 (+)/ @entity11 (-) stem-like LAPC-4-AI cells. In summary, @entity9 and Q enhanced the therapeutic effect of @entity10 in castration-resistant @entity1 cells through multiple mechanisms including the down-regulation of chemoresistance-related proteins. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality to enhance the efficacy of @entity10 in a nontoxic manner.

title: Sensitization to @entity4 in @entity1 cells by @entity9 and XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity4 ( @entity10 ) is a standard treatment for metastatic and castration-resistant @entity1 . However, chemoresistance and side effects of @entity10 limit its clinical success. We investigated whether natural products @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity7 (Q), a @entity8 from apples and onions, will enhance the efficacy of @entity10 in @entity2 -independent (AI) @entity1 cells. Two cell lines including LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 were treated in vitro with 40  M of @entity6 (EGCG), 5  M of Q, 2 or 5 nM of @entity10 alone or in combination. The mixture of EGCG+Q+ @entity10 increased the antiproliferative effect by threefold in LAPC-4-AI cells and eightfold in PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone. EGCG, Q and @entity10 in combination significantly enhanced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone. The mixture increased the inhibition of PI3K/ @entity3 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 signaling pathways compared to @entity10 alone, and decreased the protein expression of @entity12 . In addition, the combination with EGCG and Q increased the inhibition of @entity0 cell invasion and colony formation in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone, and decreased the percentage of @entity5 (+)/ @entity11 (-) stem-like LAPC-4-AI cells. In summary, @entity9 and Q enhanced the therapeutic effect of @entity10 in castration-resistant @entity1 cells through multiple mechanisms including the down-regulation of chemoresistance-related proteins. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality to enhance the efficacy of @entity10 in a nontoxic manner.

title: Sensitization to @entity4 in XXXX cells by @entity9 and @entity7 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity4 ( @entity10 ) is a standard treatment for metastatic and castration-resistant @entity1 . However, chemoresistance and side effects of @entity10 limit its clinical success. We investigated whether natural products @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity7 (Q), a @entity8 from apples and onions, will enhance the efficacy of @entity10 in @entity2 -independent (AI) @entity1 cells. Two cell lines including LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 were treated in vitro with 40  M of @entity6 (EGCG), 5  M of Q, 2 or 5 nM of @entity10 alone or in combination. The mixture of EGCG+Q+ @entity10 increased the antiproliferative effect by threefold in LAPC-4-AI cells and eightfold in PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone. EGCG, Q and @entity10 in combination significantly enhanced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and increased apoptosis in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone. The mixture increased the inhibition of PI3K/ @entity3 and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3 signaling pathways compared to @entity10 alone, and decreased the protein expression of @entity12 . In addition, the combination with EGCG and Q increased the inhibition of @entity0 cell invasion and colony formation in both LAPC-4-AI and PC-3 cells compared to @entity10 alone, and decreased the percentage of @entity5 (+)/ @entity11 (-) stem-like LAPC-4-AI cells. In summary, @entity9 and Q enhanced the therapeutic effect of @entity10 in castration-resistant @entity1 cells through multiple mechanisms including the down-regulation of chemoresistance-related proteins. This study provides a novel therapeutic modality to enhance the efficacy of @entity10 in a nontoxic manner.

title: Sensitization to XXXX in @entity1 cells by @entity9 and @entity7 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 continues to be prevalent in some mountainous regions of China, and genotypes of @entity3 endemic to the country are not known. @entity2 lepromatosis is a new species that was discovered in Mexico in 2008, and it remains unclear whether this species exists in China. Here, we conducted PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis to classify genotypes of 85 DNA samples collected from @entity0 from 18 different provinces. All 171 DNA samples from skin biopsies of @entity1 @entity0 were tested for the presence of @entity2 and @entity2 lepromatosis by amplifying the 16S rRNA gene using nested PCR, followed by DNA sequencing. The new species M. lepromatosis was not found among the 171 specimens from @entity1 @entity0 in 22 provinces in China. However, we found three SNP genotypes among 85 @entity1 @entity0 . A mutation at @entity4 in the 16S rRNA gene was found in 76% of the strains. We also found that the strains that showed the 16S rRNA @entity4 mutation belonged to SNP type 3, whereas strains without the point mutation belonged to SNP type 1. The SNP type 3 @entity3 were observed in @entity0 from both the inner and coastal regions of China, but the SNP type 1 strains were focused only in the coastal region. This indicated that the SNP type 3 @entity3 were more prevalent than the SNP type 1 strains in China. In addition, the 16S rRNA gene sequence mutation at @entity4 also indicated a difference in the geographical distribution of the strains. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a new polymorphism in 16S rRNA gene in @entity2 in China. Our findings shed light on the prevalent genotypes and provide insight about @entity1 transmission that are important for @entity1 control in China.

title: Characterization of @entity2 Genotypes in China--Identification of a New Polymorphism XXXX in the 16S rRNA Gene.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 continues to be prevalent in some mountainous regions of China, and genotypes of @entity3 endemic to the country are not known. @entity2 lepromatosis is a new species that was discovered in Mexico in 2008, and it remains unclear whether this species exists in China. Here, we conducted PCR- restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis to classify genotypes of 85 DNA samples collected from @entity0 from 18 different provinces. All 171 DNA samples from skin biopsies of @entity1 @entity0 were tested for the presence of @entity2 and @entity2 lepromatosis by amplifying the 16S rRNA gene using nested PCR, followed by DNA sequencing. The new species M. lepromatosis was not found among the 171 specimens from @entity1 @entity0 in 22 provinces in China. However, we found three SNP genotypes among 85 @entity1 @entity0 . A mutation at @entity4 in the 16S rRNA gene was found in 76% of the strains. We also found that the strains that showed the 16S rRNA @entity4 mutation belonged to SNP type 3, whereas strains without the point mutation belonged to SNP type 1. The SNP type 3 @entity3 were observed in @entity0 from both the inner and coastal regions of China, but the SNP type 1 strains were focused only in the coastal region. This indicated that the SNP type 3 @entity3 were more prevalent than the SNP type 1 strains in China. In addition, the 16S rRNA gene sequence mutation at @entity4 also indicated a difference in the geographical distribution of the strains. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a new polymorphism in 16S rRNA gene in @entity2 in China. Our findings shed light on the prevalent genotypes and provide insight about @entity1 transmission that are important for @entity1 control in China.

title: Characterization of XXXX Genotypes in China--Identification of a New Polymorphism @entity4 in the 16S rRNA Gene.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 is the most common @entity1 of the lower extremity. Numerous etiologies have been identified; however, compression remains the most common cause. Although @entity2 may occur anywhere along its course from the sciatic origin to the terminal branches in the foot and ankle, the most common site of compressive pathology is at the level of the fibular head. The most common presentation is acute complete or partial foot drop. Associated numbness in the foot or leg may be present, as well. Neurodiagnostic studies may be helpful for identifying the site of a lesion and determining the appropriate treatment and prognosis. Management varies based on the etiology or site of compression. Many @entity0 benefit from nonsurgical measures, including activity modification, bracing, physical therapy, and medication. Surgical decompression should be considered for refractory cases and those with compressive masses, acute lacerations, or severe conduction changes. Results of surgical decompression are typically favorable. Tendon and nerve transfers can be used in the setting of failed decompression or for @entity0 with a poor prognosis for nerve recovery.

title: XXXX : Evaluation and Management.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: High flow nasal cannula @entity1 therapy (HFT) is increasingly used in intensive and emergency care departments. @entity0 suffering from @entity3 , who are likely to benefit from HFT, may require aerosolized bronchodilators; therefore, combining nebulization with HFT may be relevant. This study aimed to identify the optimal settings for the implementation of nebulization within an adult HFT circuit. METHODS: We assessed the mass and the particle size distribution of the aerosol emitted from the nasal cannula (inhalable mass) using mesh- and jet-nebulizers placed at various positions in the HFT circuit. Thereafter, the most relevant combination was used to evaluate the mass of @entity5 delivered downstream of an anatomical model reproducing aerosol deposition and leakage at the nasal and pharyngeal levels (respirable mass). The influence of HFT flow rate (30, 45, and 60   L/min), of breathing pattern (quiet and @entity2 pattern) as well as of opened and @entity4 breathing was assessed. RESULTS: The most efficient position was that of a nebulizer placed upstream from the humidification chamber (inhalable mass ranging from 26% to 32% of the nebulizer charge). Using a mesh nebulizer, we observed a respirable mass ranging from 2% to 10% of the nebulizer charge. Higher HFT flow rates and @entity4 breathing were associated with a lower efficiency. Simulating @entity2 (i.e., increasing the simulated @entity0 inspiratory flow) did not hamper drug delivery as compared to a quiet breathing pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Placing nebulizers within a HFT circuit upstream from the humidification chamber may enable to deliver clinically relevant masses of aerosol at the cannula outlet, but more importantly downstream of the nose and pharynx, even in case of high @entity0 ' inspiratory flow. This method of aerosol therapy is expected to produce a bronchodilatatory effect to be evaluated in the clinical settings.

title: Aerosol Therapy in Adults Receiving High Flow Nasal Cannula XXXX Therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several studies tested whether stressful work mediates the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and health. Although providing moderate support, evidence is still inconclusive, partly due to a lack of theory-based measures of SEP and work stress, and because of methodological limitations. This contribution aims at overcoming these limitations. METHODS: We conduct pathway analysis and investigate indirect effects of SEP on mental health via stressful work. Data are derived from the first two waves of the 'Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe' (SHARE) with information from employed @entity0 and @entity0 aged 50-64 across 11 European countries (N=2798). SEP is measured according to two alternative measures of occupational position: occupational class (focus on employment relations) and occupational status (focus on prestige). We assess work stress according to the effort-reward imbalance and the demand-control model ( @entity2 ), and we use newly occurring @entity1 as health outcome ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: Effort-reward imbalance and, less consistently, low control mediate the effect of occupational class and occupational status on @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings point to two important aspects of work stress (effort-reward imbalance and low control) in explaining socioeconomic differences in health. Further, we illustrate the significance of two alternative dimensions of occupational position, occupational class and occupational status.

title: Occupational position, work stress and XXXX : a pathway analysis of longitudinal SHARE data.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We have taken a novel approach using oral @entity9 - @entity9 - as a medical adjunct to percutaneous therapy in @entity0 with in-stent @entity8 and high risk of @entity1 . BACKGROUND: @entity10 can result in @entity2 , dysfunction, and @entity4 . Percutaneous pulmonary artery angioplasty and stent placement acutely relieve obstructions, but @entity0 frequently require re-interventions due to @entity8 . In @entity0 with tetralogy of @entity5 or @entity11 , the problem of in-stent @entity8 contributes to the rapidly recurrent disease. METHODS: @entity9 was administered to 10 @entity0 (1.5-18 years) with @entity12 and in-stent @entity8 and either @entity2 , pulmonary blood flow maldistribution, or @entity3 . Treatment was initiated around the time of catheterisation and continued for 1-3 months. Potential side-effects were monitored by clinical review and blood tests. RESULTS: Target serum @entity9 level (6-10 ng/ml) was accomplished in all @entity0 ; eight of the nine @entity0 who returned for clinically indicated catheterisations demonstrated reduction in in-stent @entity8 , and eight of the 10 @entity0 experienced no significant side-effects. Among all, one @entity0 developed @entity6 requiring drug discontinuation, and one @entity0 experienced @entity7 while on therapy that was likely due to an indwelling feeding tube and this @entity0 tolerated @entity9 well following tube removal. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial clinical experience supports that @entity0 with @entity10 can be safely treated with @entity9 . Systemic @entity9 may provide a novel medical approach to reduce in-stent @entity8 .

title: Systemic @entity9 to prevent in-stent XXXX in @entity10 : early clinical experience.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We have taken a novel approach using oral @entity9 - @entity9 - as a medical adjunct to percutaneous therapy in @entity0 with in-stent @entity8 and high risk of @entity1 . BACKGROUND: @entity10 can result in @entity2 , dysfunction, and @entity4 . Percutaneous pulmonary artery angioplasty and stent placement acutely relieve obstructions, but @entity0 frequently require re-interventions due to @entity8 . In @entity0 with tetralogy of @entity5 or @entity11 , the problem of in-stent @entity8 contributes to the rapidly recurrent disease. METHODS: @entity9 was administered to 10 @entity0 (1.5-18 years) with @entity12 and in-stent @entity8 and either @entity2 , pulmonary blood flow maldistribution, or @entity3 . Treatment was initiated around the time of catheterisation and continued for 1-3 months. Potential side-effects were monitored by clinical review and blood tests. RESULTS: Target serum @entity9 level (6-10 ng/ml) was accomplished in all @entity0 ; eight of the nine @entity0 who returned for clinically indicated catheterisations demonstrated reduction in in-stent @entity8 , and eight of the 10 @entity0 experienced no significant side-effects. Among all, one @entity0 developed @entity6 requiring drug discontinuation, and one @entity0 experienced @entity7 while on therapy that was likely due to an indwelling feeding tube and this @entity0 tolerated @entity9 well following tube removal. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial clinical experience supports that @entity0 with @entity10 can be safely treated with @entity9 . Systemic @entity9 may provide a novel medical approach to reduce in-stent @entity8 .

title: Systemic XXXX to prevent in-stent @entity8 in @entity10 : early clinical experience.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We have taken a novel approach using oral @entity9 - @entity9 - as a medical adjunct to percutaneous therapy in @entity0 with in-stent @entity8 and high risk of @entity1 . BACKGROUND: @entity10 can result in @entity2 , dysfunction, and @entity4 . Percutaneous pulmonary artery angioplasty and stent placement acutely relieve obstructions, but @entity0 frequently require re-interventions due to @entity8 . In @entity0 with tetralogy of @entity5 or @entity11 , the problem of in-stent @entity8 contributes to the rapidly recurrent disease. METHODS: @entity9 was administered to 10 @entity0 (1.5-18 years) with @entity12 and in-stent @entity8 and either @entity2 , pulmonary blood flow maldistribution, or @entity3 . Treatment was initiated around the time of catheterisation and continued for 1-3 months. Potential side-effects were monitored by clinical review and blood tests. RESULTS: Target serum @entity9 level (6-10 ng/ml) was accomplished in all @entity0 ; eight of the nine @entity0 who returned for clinically indicated catheterisations demonstrated reduction in in-stent @entity8 , and eight of the 10 @entity0 experienced no significant side-effects. Among all, one @entity0 developed @entity6 requiring drug discontinuation, and one @entity0 experienced @entity7 while on therapy that was likely due to an indwelling feeding tube and this @entity0 tolerated @entity9 well following tube removal. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial clinical experience supports that @entity0 with @entity10 can be safely treated with @entity9 . Systemic @entity9 may provide a novel medical approach to reduce in-stent @entity8 .

title: Systemic @entity9 to prevent in-stent @entity8 in XXXX : early clinical experience.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence that kinematic changes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can influence the risk for @entity0 . However, kinematics can change over time, and the factors influencing those changes remain unknown but potentially important. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to perform gait analysis on a population of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) subjects without knee @entity0 after considerable time had elapsed since their injuries. The following hypotheses were tested: (1) @entity2 knees will have greater anterior femoral translation, external @entity1 , and flexion moment as compared with healthy contralateral knees with increased time since injury; (2) side-to-side differences in anterior femoral translation and external @entity1 are positively associated with side-to-side differences in knee flexion moment. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: Nineteen subjects with unilateral @entity2 (time since injury, 1-384 months) underwent gait testing. Linear regression testing was performed for significant relationships between side-to-side differences in tibial translation and rotation during stance and the amount of time since injury, as well as the relationship between differences in peak flexion moment and differences in translation and rotation. RESULTS: There was a time dependency in side-to-side differences. Subjects with shorter times since injury had the femur of the @entity2 knee more posteriorly translated and internally rotated than the femur of the contralateral knee, and subjects with longer times since injury had the femur of the @entity2 knee more anteriorly translated (R(2) = 0.33) and externally rotated (R(2) = 0.53) than the femur of the contralateral knee. Additionally, when the population was stratified into 2 subgroups based on time after injury (short-term: 1.4-18.7 months; long-term: 58-383.5 months), a relationship between side-to-side differences in knee flexion moment and side-to-side differences in knee translation and rotation was found for the long-term subgroup. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide an understanding of the relationship between kinematics and kinetics of the @entity2 knee and the amount of time since injury. They suggest that elapsed time since injury might be an important factor when the function of ACL-injured knees is interpreted as it relates to @entity0 .

title: Relationship Between Knee Mechanics and Time Since Injury in ACL-Deficient Knees Without Signs of XXXX .

answer: @entity0