abstract: To study the interrelationship between myocardial @entity4 content, left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function, morphological changes, and plasma @entity6 concentrations, 20 @entity0 with @entity3 underwent endomyocardial biopsy and ventricular angiography. The strongest correlation was found between LV ejection fraction (EF) and myocardial @entity4 content (r = 0.87; p less than 0.001). Myocardial @entity4 content was much weaker correlated to RV EF (r = .55; p less than 0.005), and no correlation was found to morphological changes or plasma @entity4 concentration. The hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of @entity5 versus @entity7 after the first dose were compared in a crossover trial including 15 @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity5 induced increases in heart rate and cardiac index (p less than 0.01) and decreases in mean arterial pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.005, respectively). These hemodynamic effects were associated with increased plasma @entity4 concentrations during upright exercise (p less than 0.05) and increased plasma @entity2 activity (p less than 0.01). After @entity7 , @entity4 plasma concentrations showed a tendency to lower levels during upright exercise, although mean arterial pressure decreased significantly (p less than 0.01). These data suggest that, in @entity0 with @entity3 , myocardial @entity4 depletion strongly reflects left @entity1 . The different patterns of neurohumoral response to @entity5 versus @entity7 may be important for their long-term effect and for the prognosis of @entity0 with @entity3 . It remains to be established whether the myocardial @entity6 content is differently influenced by either drug, and whether this effect is related to the drug response after long-term treatment.

title: Sympathetic activity in @entity3 . Influence of XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: To study the interrelationship between myocardial @entity4 content, left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function, morphological changes, and plasma @entity6 concentrations, 20 @entity0 with @entity3 underwent endomyocardial biopsy and ventricular angiography. The strongest correlation was found between LV ejection fraction (EF) and myocardial @entity4 content (r = 0.87; p less than 0.001). Myocardial @entity4 content was much weaker correlated to RV EF (r = .55; p less than 0.005), and no correlation was found to morphological changes or plasma @entity4 concentration. The hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of @entity5 versus @entity7 after the first dose were compared in a crossover trial including 15 @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity5 induced increases in heart rate and cardiac index (p less than 0.01) and decreases in mean arterial pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.005, respectively). These hemodynamic effects were associated with increased plasma @entity4 concentrations during upright exercise (p less than 0.05) and increased plasma @entity2 activity (p less than 0.01). After @entity7 , @entity4 plasma concentrations showed a tendency to lower levels during upright exercise, although mean arterial pressure decreased significantly (p less than 0.01). These data suggest that, in @entity0 with @entity3 , myocardial @entity4 depletion strongly reflects left @entity1 . The different patterns of neurohumoral response to @entity5 versus @entity7 may be important for their long-term effect and for the prognosis of @entity0 with @entity3 . It remains to be established whether the myocardial @entity6 content is differently influenced by either drug, and whether this effect is related to the drug response after long-term treatment.

title: Sympathetic activity in XXXX . Influence of @entity7 and @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with severely @entity1 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) receive @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for the primary prevention of @entity4 . In some @entity0 , however, @entity5 may improve or even normalize over time. Limited data are available on the incidence of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy including pacing and shock in these @entity0 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified consecutive @entity0 at our institution with an @entity3 for primary prevention who had @entity5 measurement available at initial implantation and at the time of generator replacement. None of these @entity0 had ever received appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy before generator replacement. The incidence of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy after generator replacement was assessed. RESULTS: Of the 125 @entity0 received generator replacement, 53 (42%) @entity0 received an @entity3 and 72 (58%) received a cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D). Among them, 30 (21%) had @entity5 normalized to >=  50%, 25 (17%) had @entity5 partially improved to 36-49%, and 70 (63%) had @entity5 that remained @entity1 at  <= 35%. During an overall follow-up period of 25    18 months, none of the individuals with normalized @entity5 experienced appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy regardless of @entity3 or CRT-D. Meanwhile, 20% of @entity0 with @entity5 at 36-49% and 14% of @entity0 with @entity5 at  <= 35% received appropriate @entity3 therapy. The omnibus p-value for any differences between the three @entity5 groups was 0.046 for the entire cohort, 0.01 for @entity3 and 0.15 for CRT-D @entity0 . CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that @entity0 with reduced @entity5 and primary prevention @entity3 who normalize their @entity5 over time may be at lower risk of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy.

title: Normalization of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Incidence of Appropriate Anti- @entity2 Therapy in @entity0 with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Primary Prevention of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with severely @entity1 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) receive @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for the primary prevention of @entity4 . In some @entity0 , however, @entity5 may improve or even normalize over time. Limited data are available on the incidence of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy including pacing and shock in these @entity0 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified consecutive @entity0 at our institution with an @entity3 for primary prevention who had @entity5 measurement available at initial implantation and at the time of generator replacement. None of these @entity0 had ever received appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy before generator replacement. The incidence of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy after generator replacement was assessed. RESULTS: Of the 125 @entity0 received generator replacement, 53 (42%) @entity0 received an @entity3 and 72 (58%) received a cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D). Among them, 30 (21%) had @entity5 normalized to >=  50%, 25 (17%) had @entity5 partially improved to 36-49%, and 70 (63%) had @entity5 that remained @entity1 at  <= 35%. During an overall follow-up period of 25    18 months, none of the individuals with normalized @entity5 experienced appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy regardless of @entity3 or CRT-D. Meanwhile, 20% of @entity0 with @entity5 at 36-49% and 14% of @entity0 with @entity5 at  <= 35% received appropriate @entity3 therapy. The omnibus p-value for any differences between the three @entity5 groups was 0.046 for the entire cohort, 0.01 for @entity3 and 0.15 for CRT-D @entity0 . CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that @entity0 with reduced @entity5 and primary prevention @entity3 who normalize their @entity5 over time may be at lower risk of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy.

title: Normalization of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Incidence of Appropriate Anti- XXXX Therapy in @entity0 with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Primary Prevention of @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with severely @entity1 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) receive @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for the primary prevention of @entity4 . In some @entity0 , however, @entity5 may improve or even normalize over time. Limited data are available on the incidence of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy including pacing and shock in these @entity0 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified consecutive @entity0 at our institution with an @entity3 for primary prevention who had @entity5 measurement available at initial implantation and at the time of generator replacement. None of these @entity0 had ever received appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy before generator replacement. The incidence of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy after generator replacement was assessed. RESULTS: Of the 125 @entity0 received generator replacement, 53 (42%) @entity0 received an @entity3 and 72 (58%) received a cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D). Among them, 30 (21%) had @entity5 normalized to >=  50%, 25 (17%) had @entity5 partially improved to 36-49%, and 70 (63%) had @entity5 that remained @entity1 at  <= 35%. During an overall follow-up period of 25    18 months, none of the individuals with normalized @entity5 experienced appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy regardless of @entity3 or CRT-D. Meanwhile, 20% of @entity0 with @entity5 at 36-49% and 14% of @entity0 with @entity5 at  <= 35% received appropriate @entity3 therapy. The omnibus p-value for any differences between the three @entity5 groups was 0.046 for the entire cohort, 0.01 for @entity3 and 0.15 for CRT-D @entity0 . CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that @entity0 with reduced @entity5 and primary prevention @entity3 who normalize their @entity5 over time may be at lower risk of appropriate anti- @entity2 therapy.

title: Normalization of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Incidence of Appropriate Anti- @entity2 Therapy in XXXX with Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Primary Prevention of @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of salvage chemotherapy in advanced @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is still controversial, but the recent development of a number of active antineoplastic agents has created new possibilities for disease management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and safety of weekly @entity2 treatment in @entity0 with advanced @entity1 previously treated with two chemotherapy regimens. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study involved 26 @entity0 with histologically documented stage IIIB, IV or recurrent metastatic @entity1 previously treated with two non- @entity3 based-chemotherapy regimens. They all received @entity2 25 mg/m(2)/week administered as a 1-h infusion in an outpatient setting with corticosteroid premedication. RESULTS: Fourteen of the 26 @entity0 (54%) had distant metastases and 12 (46%) chest-localised disease. Six @entity0 (23%; confidence interval: 9.8-44.1%) showed a partial response, 8 (31%) stable disease, and 12 (46%) progressive disease. The median time to progression was 4 months (range 2-8), and the median survival was 7+ months (range 3-13+). There were no statistically significant differences between the global quality of life scores recorded at baseline and those recorded after subsequent cycles. The treatment was very well tolerated. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that weekly low-dose @entity2 is effective, well tolerated and maintains a relatively good quality of life in @entity0 with advanced @entity1 previously exposed to two chemotherapy regimens.

title: Weekly low-dose @entity2 in advanced XXXX previously treated with two chemotherapy regimens.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of salvage chemotherapy in advanced @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is still controversial, but the recent development of a number of active antineoplastic agents has created new possibilities for disease management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity and safety of weekly @entity2 treatment in @entity0 with advanced @entity1 previously treated with two chemotherapy regimens. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study involved 26 @entity0 with histologically documented stage IIIB, IV or recurrent metastatic @entity1 previously treated with two non- @entity3 based-chemotherapy regimens. They all received @entity2 25 mg/m(2)/week administered as a 1-h infusion in an outpatient setting with corticosteroid premedication. RESULTS: Fourteen of the 26 @entity0 (54%) had distant metastases and 12 (46%) chest-localised disease. Six @entity0 (23%; confidence interval: 9.8-44.1%) showed a partial response, 8 (31%) stable disease, and 12 (46%) progressive disease. The median time to progression was 4 months (range 2-8), and the median survival was 7+ months (range 3-13+). There were no statistically significant differences between the global quality of life scores recorded at baseline and those recorded after subsequent cycles. The treatment was very well tolerated. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that weekly low-dose @entity2 is effective, well tolerated and maintains a relatively good quality of life in @entity0 with advanced @entity1 previously exposed to two chemotherapy regimens.

title: Weekly low-dose XXXX in advanced @entity1 previously treated with two chemotherapy regimens.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A high-throughput growth assay for the protozoan parasite @entity1 was developed based on a highly fluorescent transgenic parasite line. These parasites are stably transfected with a tandem yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and are 1,000 times more fluorescent than the wild type. Parasites were inoculated in optical-bottom 384-well culture plates containing a confluent monolayer of host cells, and growth was monitored by using a fluorescence plate reader. The signal was linearly correlated with parasite numbers over a wide array. Direct comparison of the YFP growth assay with the beta-galactosidase growth assay by using parasites expressing both reporters demonstrated that the assays' sensitivities were comparable but that the accuracy of the YFP assay was higher, especially at higher numbers of parasites per well. Determination of the 50%-inhibitory concentrations of three known growth-inhibiting drugs ( @entity5 , @entity4 , and @entity2 ) resulted in values comparable to published data. The delayed parasite @entity0 kinetics of @entity2 could be measured without modification of the assay, making this assay very versatile. Additionally, the temperature-dependent effect of @entity4 was assayed in both wild-type and engineered drug-resistant parasites. Lastly, the development of @entity3 resistance after transfection of a resistance gene in @entity1 was followed. In conclusion, the YFP growth assay limits pipetting steps to a minimum, is highly versatile and amendable to automation, and should enable rapid screening of compounds to fulfill the need for more efficient and less toxic antiparasitic drugs.

title: High-throughput growth assay for XXXX using yellow fluorescent protein.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The time course of @entity5 was studied in @entity3 myocardium by electron microscopy. @entity2 of the myocardium produces ultrastructural alterations of mitochondria, nuclei, contractile apparatus, and the SR- and T-tubular system that are accompanied by loss of glycogen and intracellular @entity0 . These changes are more pronounced with increasing severity of @entity2 , and they allow the differentiation between different stages of reversible and of irreversible injury. Reperfusion of reversibly injured tissue leads to structural recovery; reperfusion of irreversibly injured tissue produces further deterioration. On the basis of ultrastructural data, it was found that in a @entity3 , after 45 minutes of @entity7 , @entity6 was present in 20% of all animals. Transmural @entity6 was present in 24% of all @entity3 after 90 minutes of @entity7 and in 53% after 24 hours. The individual variability in the speed of development of @entity6 is caused by the rate of @entity1 consumption at the time of occlusion and by the amount of collateral flow. Intermittent @entity2 is much better tolerated than permanent @entity2 of the same duration. Species differences are evident. The course of development of @entity4 , therefore, depends on time, rate of @entity1 consumption, collateral flow, mode of @entity2 , and on the species investigated.

title: Time course of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatitis-B-related @entity3 has a poor prognosis. However, the advent of potent oral antiviral agents means that some @entity0 can now recover with medical treatment. We aimed to identify the prognostic factors for @entity3 including the initial as well as the dynamically changing clinical parameters during admission. METHODS: Sixty-seven @entity0 were retrospectively enrolled from 2003 to 2012 at Samsung Medical Center. The @entity0 were classified into three categories: Recovery group (n=23), Liver transplantation group (n=28), and Death group (n=16). The Liver transplantation and Death groups were combined into an Unfavorable prognosis group. We analyzed the prognostic factors including the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) scores determined at 3-day intervals. RESULTS: A multivariable analysis showed that the unfavorable prognostic factors were a high initial @entity4 score (>= 28) (odds ratio [OR] =6.64, p=0.015), moderate-to-severe @entity2 at admission (OR=6.71, P=0.012), and the aggravation of hepatic @entity1 during hospitalization (>= grade III) (OR=15.41, P=0.013). Compared with the baseline level, significant reductions in the @entity4 scores were observed on the 7th day after admission in the Recovery group (P=0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic changes in clinical parameters during admission are useful prognostic factors for @entity3 .

title: Static and dynamic prognostic factors for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity8 has been reported as a life-threatening @entity4 among @entity0 with the acquired @entity7 . The TE Study Group was established to address clinical questions about @entity8 by retrospectively reviewing available data. The medical centers selected were those reporting @entity8 to the Centers for Disease Control or to one of the principal investigators. Sixty-eight histologically confirmed cases of @entity8 were reported by investigators at 31 medical centers; 61 of the @entity0 received some therapy. Overall prognosis was poor. The median survival following initiation of therapy was four months. @entity0 described as "alert" at initiation of therapy survived significantly longer than those described as "lethargic" or "stuporous." No beneficial or harmful effects could be attributed to the use of @entity2 . @entity1 attributed to @entity9 and @entity10 therapy was reported in 60 percent of @entity0 . @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity3 were common during therapy. A clinical relapse of @entity8 was reported in 50 percent of @entity0 discharged from the hospital.

title: Assessment of therapy for XXXX . The TE Study Group.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary @entity2 is one of the @entity1 of the heart. It belongs to the extra-nodal @entity4 . The most common type of this @entity1 is diffuse large @entity3 . Usually, right atrium and right ventricle are involved. This @entity1 is fatal unless diagnosed and treated in time. In this article two female @entity0 who were diagnosed with primary @entity2 and treated at our clinic are described. The first @entity0 went to remission after the treatment, while the second @entity0 died. The goals of this article are to show the difficulties of diagnosing and treating this disease, the role of cardiac surgery in its treatment and to raise awareness of this disease. CASE REPORTS: In this article two female @entity0 who were diagnosed with primary @entity2 and treated at our clinic are described. The first @entity0 went to remission after the treatment, while the second @entity0 died. CONCLUSIONS: Primary @entity2 is a very rare disease. At the moment the most effective treatment is chemotherapy. Palliative surgery may be necessary to correct hemodynamics when venous blood flow to the lungs is disturbed.

title: Primary XXXX : two cases and a review of literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early identification of acute exacerbations of @entity1 facilitates better care. This study was designed to validate a short questionnaire (Exascore) developed to help @entity0 , relatives and carers to diagnose acute exacerbations. METHOD: We first addressed content validity that allowed the elaboration of two questionnaires, one assessing the current status and the other stable status (transition). The second step tested their construction validity, reproducibility and concomitant validity among 126 @entity1 @entity0 aged 64.4  9.9 years. They included 56 presenting with an exacerbation and 70 in stable state, of whom 57 completed the questionnaire a second time after 7 days. The diagnosis of exacerbation and assessment of severity (gold standard) were established by the treating respiratory physician and confirmed by two independent experts. RESULTS: Factorial analyses established a "current status" questionnaire comprising 8 items and 2 dimensions. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were satisfactory, 0.867 for "respiratory impact", 0.886 for "psychosocial impact" and 0.886 for the total score. Concomitant validity and reproducibility were also adequate. The transition questionnaire did not obtain convincing psychometric results. CONCLUSIONS: The "current status" Exascore questionnaire satisfies psychometric quality criteria while being usable in clinical practice. It helps in diagnosing acute exacerbations and assessing their intensity. Further studies will need to test the adequacy of proposed thresholds, the factorial structure of the score in healthcare professionals and @entity0 ' relatives, and its predictive power.

title: [Validation of an evaluation questionnaire for XXXX acute exacerbations (Exascore)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Major advances in the conduct of pediatric practice have been reported in the Italian Journal of Pediatrics in 2014. This review highlights developments in @entity5 , gastroenterology, @entity4 , neonatology, nutrition, oncology and respiratory tract illnesses. Investigations endorse a need to better educate guardians and improve nutritional management in @entity13 . Management of @entity12 in neonates and of @entity14 have been improved by position statements of scientific societies. Novel treatments for @entity0 @entity2 have emerged. Studies suggest the diagnostic utility of ultrasonography in diagnosing community-acquired @entity3 . Progress in @entity4 should include the universal varicella vaccination of @entity0 . Recommendations on @entity8 and @entity6 have been highlighted in neonatology. Studies have evidenced that @entity10 remains a common underestimated problem in developing countries, while exposure to @entity1 risk factors in @entity0 is not negligible in Western countries. Advances in our understanding of less common diseases such as @entity7 , @entity11 , @entity15 facilitate diagnosis and management. Researches have led to new therapeutic approaches in @entity9 and @entity1 .

title: Advances in pediatrics in 2014: current practices and challenges in @entity5 , gastroenterology, XXXX , neonatology, nutrition, oncology and respiratory tract illnesses.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Major advances in the conduct of pediatric practice have been reported in the Italian Journal of Pediatrics in 2014. This review highlights developments in @entity5 , gastroenterology, @entity4 , neonatology, nutrition, oncology and respiratory tract illnesses. Investigations endorse a need to better educate guardians and improve nutritional management in @entity13 . Management of @entity12 in neonates and of @entity14 have been improved by position statements of scientific societies. Novel treatments for @entity0 @entity2 have emerged. Studies suggest the diagnostic utility of ultrasonography in diagnosing community-acquired @entity3 . Progress in @entity4 should include the universal varicella vaccination of @entity0 . Recommendations on @entity8 and @entity6 have been highlighted in neonatology. Studies have evidenced that @entity10 remains a common underestimated problem in developing countries, while exposure to @entity1 risk factors in @entity0 is not negligible in Western countries. Advances in our understanding of less common diseases such as @entity7 , @entity11 , @entity15 facilitate diagnosis and management. Researches have led to new therapeutic approaches in @entity9 and @entity1 .

title: Advances in pediatrics in 2014: current practices and challenges in XXXX , gastroenterology, @entity4 , neonatology, nutrition, oncology and respiratory tract illnesses.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Assistive technology for cognition (ATC) can be an effective means of compensating for @entity1 following acquired @entity2 (ABI). Systematic instruction is an evidence-based approach to training a variety of skills and strategies, including the use of ATC. OBJECTIVE: This study experimentally evaluated systematic instruction applied to assistive technology for cognition (ATC) in a vocational setting. METHODS: The study used a single-case, multiple-probe design across behaviors design. The @entity0 was a 50-year old female with @entity1 following an acquired @entity2 (ABI). As a part-time employee, she was systematically instructed on how to operate and routinely use selected applications (apps) on her iPod Touch to support three work-related skills: (a) recording/recalling the details of work assignments, (b) recording/recalling work-related meetings and conversations, and (c) recording/performing multi-step technology tasks. The experimental intervention was systematic instruction applied to ATC. The dependent measures were: (a) the use of ATC at work as measured by an ATC routine task analysis; and (b) recall of work-related tasks and information. RESULTS: Treatment effects were replicated across the three work-related skills and were maintained up to one year following the completion of intensive training across behaviors with periodic review (booster sessions). CONCLUSIONS: Systematic instruction is a critical component to teaching the routine use of ATC to compensate for cognitive challenges following ABI.

title: Systematic instruction of assistive technology for cognition (ATC) in an employment setting following acquired XXXX : A single case, experimental study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is characterized by severe @entity0 and @entity5 . @entity3 is classified both into the "protein conformational" and the "endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria stress" disorders. @entity3 is a very complex, multifactorial disease of heterogeneous genetic and environmental background. The amyloid hypothesis of @entity3 cannot fully explain the various clinical forms of the disease. Protein folding and misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and accumulation of several misfolded proteins (b-amyloid, Tau, @entity6 , etc.) in ER and mitochondria (MT) may play a key role in the development of @entity3 . Functional degradation of the synapse and the synapse holding neurites represents the first step in the pathogenesis of @entity2 . MT and ER are tightly coupled both physically and functionally with a special lipid raft called mitochondria-associated ER-membrane (MAM). MAM is crucial for @entity1 signalling and metabolic regulation of the cell. In turn, the impairment of ER-MT interplay is a common mechanism of different @entity2 . In this review, we discuss recent findings focusing on the protein conformational and @entity4 , and the role of MAM and ER-MT crosstalk in @entity2 .

title: Protein Folding and Misfolding, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in XXXX : in Trace of Novel Drug Targets.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Hazard analysis of food preparation practices were conducted in four households and eleven others were visited to survey both food preparation practices and environmental conditions. Households selected had members who were suffering from either @entity1 of unknown etiology or @entity4 . Hazard analyses and sanitary surveys included gathering data on time-temperature exposures of foods, collecting samples of food and drinking water, sampling sewage or drains, and obtaining stool specimens from @entity0 with @entity1 and from family controls. Food samples were tested for aerobic mesophilic colony counts and common foodborne pathogens; specimens were tested for @entity7 , Shigella, Campylobacter and @entity5 . Campylobacter was isolated from two @entity0 purported to have @entity1 , but neither @entity7 , Shigella nor @entity5 were recovered from alleged cases or controls. @entity7 agona was recovered from a latrine. Most foods were cooked to internal temperatures to or near to boiling. Those not promptly eaten were held at ambient room or outside temperatures until a subsequent meal, until a family member returned home, or until lunch time when taken to the fields. During these intervals, microorganisms multiplied and mesophilic aerobic organisms increased often reaching 10(8)/g or greater before consumption. None of these foods were reheated before eating. @entity6 was isolated from 4 of 10 samples; one sample of 'moro' (beans and @entity2 ) exceeded 10(6)/g, two other samples exceeded 10(3)/g. @entity3 was isolated from 7 of 14 samples, one exceeded 10(5)/g. Fecal coliforms were isolated from 8 of 14 food samples, five exceeded 10(5)/g. Neither @entity7 nor Shigella were isolated from any food, the community water supplies or from vessels of water within houses. Fecal coliform counts of water were less than 3/ml, except one sample from a clay vessel (9/ml). Risks associated with cooked foods which were not promptly eaten appeared to be greater than that associated with water.

title: Critical control points for foods prepared in households whose members had either @entity4 or XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Hazard analysis of food preparation practices were conducted in four households and eleven others were visited to survey both food preparation practices and environmental conditions. Households selected had members who were suffering from either @entity1 of unknown etiology or @entity4 . Hazard analyses and sanitary surveys included gathering data on time-temperature exposures of foods, collecting samples of food and drinking water, sampling sewage or drains, and obtaining stool specimens from @entity0 with @entity1 and from family controls. Food samples were tested for aerobic mesophilic colony counts and common foodborne pathogens; specimens were tested for @entity7 , Shigella, Campylobacter and @entity5 . Campylobacter was isolated from two @entity0 purported to have @entity1 , but neither @entity7 , Shigella nor @entity5 were recovered from alleged cases or controls. @entity7 agona was recovered from a latrine. Most foods were cooked to internal temperatures to or near to boiling. Those not promptly eaten were held at ambient room or outside temperatures until a subsequent meal, until a family member returned home, or until lunch time when taken to the fields. During these intervals, microorganisms multiplied and mesophilic aerobic organisms increased often reaching 10(8)/g or greater before consumption. None of these foods were reheated before eating. @entity6 was isolated from 4 of 10 samples; one sample of 'moro' (beans and @entity2 ) exceeded 10(6)/g, two other samples exceeded 10(3)/g. @entity3 was isolated from 7 of 14 samples, one exceeded 10(5)/g. Fecal coliforms were isolated from 8 of 14 food samples, five exceeded 10(5)/g. Neither @entity7 nor Shigella were isolated from any food, the community water supplies or from vessels of water within houses. Fecal coliform counts of water were less than 3/ml, except one sample from a clay vessel (9/ml). Risks associated with cooked foods which were not promptly eaten appeared to be greater than that associated with water.

title: Critical control points for foods prepared in households whose members had either XXXX or @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oxidative stress and @entity3 are some of the contributing factors for @entity4 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Though Valeriana wallichii D.C. is known for its nervine activities its effect against @entity5 is yet to be studied. This is the first report on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of V. wallichii rhizome extract (VWE) in @entity8 induced @entity5 @entity1 . GC-MS analysis of VWE indicated the presence of phytoconstituents like @entity11 and @entity10 . @entity5 induced @entity1 were treated orally with three different doses (50, 100 and 200mg/kg body weight (BW)) of VWE for 14 days and their behavioural changes were studied on days 0, 8, 13 and 21. The levels of striatal @entity6 , mid brain @entity7 hydroxylase positive (TH(+)) cell count, TH protein expression, reactive @entity2 species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidants and inflammatory cytokines were analysed. Mid brain @entity9 ( @entity9 ) expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Also mid brain histopathological analysis was performed. VWE treatment significantly recuperated the altered behavioural test scores, striatal @entity6 levels, mid brain TH(+) cell count and TH protein levels, increased @entity9 expression and the histopathological changes observed in @entity5 @entity1 . Similarly, diminished levels of antioxidants, elevated levels of ROS, LPO and inflammatory cytokines were also significantly ameliorated following VWE treatment. The effective dose of VWE was found to be 200mg/kg BW. Conclusively, V. wallichii rhizome extract has the potential to mitigate oxidative stress and @entity0 in @entity5 .

title: Neuroprotective effect of Valeriana wallichii rhizome extract against the neurotoxin XXXX in C57BL/6 @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Oxidative stress and @entity3 are some of the contributing factors for @entity4 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Though Valeriana wallichii D.C. is known for its nervine activities its effect against @entity5 is yet to be studied. This is the first report on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of V. wallichii rhizome extract (VWE) in @entity8 induced @entity5 @entity1 . GC-MS analysis of VWE indicated the presence of phytoconstituents like @entity11 and @entity10 . @entity5 induced @entity1 were treated orally with three different doses (50, 100 and 200mg/kg body weight (BW)) of VWE for 14 days and their behavioural changes were studied on days 0, 8, 13 and 21. The levels of striatal @entity6 , mid brain @entity7 hydroxylase positive (TH(+)) cell count, TH protein expression, reactive @entity2 species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidants and inflammatory cytokines were analysed. Mid brain @entity9 ( @entity9 ) expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Also mid brain histopathological analysis was performed. VWE treatment significantly recuperated the altered behavioural test scores, striatal @entity6 levels, mid brain TH(+) cell count and TH protein levels, increased @entity9 expression and the histopathological changes observed in @entity5 @entity1 . Similarly, diminished levels of antioxidants, elevated levels of ROS, LPO and inflammatory cytokines were also significantly ameliorated following VWE treatment. The effective dose of VWE was found to be 200mg/kg BW. Conclusively, V. wallichii rhizome extract has the potential to mitigate oxidative stress and @entity0 in @entity5 .

title: Neuroprotective effect of Valeriana wallichii rhizome extract against the neurotoxin @entity8 in C57BL/6 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence is accumulating that @entity8 ( @entity8 ) might become an alternative to carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for the treatment of high-grade @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Evaluating the efficacy of this novel technique in single institutions in addition to performing further large trials can help to guide optimal @entity0 management in everyday practice. METHODS: In this study we compared the early outcome of 100 prospectively followed @entity0 who underwent @entity8 with a retrospectively reviewed group of 142 @entity0 that underwent CEA over the same time period. Only @entity0 who had received pre- and postsurgical evaluations by a neurologist were included. According to the criteria set forth by the large trials the occurrence of minor or major @entity2 , @entity5 and @entity3 within 30 days was analysed. RESULTS: Both groups had similar age and sex distributions, as well as cerebrovascular risk factors. In the group of @entity8 @entity0 63 (63%) and in the group of CEA @entity0 92 (65%) had a symptomatic @entity4 , respectively. For symptomatic @entity0 the overall complication rate (any @entity2 or @entity3 ) was 6.5% (3 minor and 3 major @entity2 ) in the surgical and 8% (2 minor @entity2 , 2 major @entity2 , and 1 @entity3 ) in the non-surgical group (n.s.). For asymptomatic @entity0 there was one minor @entity2 (2%) in the surgical and no @entity2 or @entity3 in the non-surgical group. As a frequent @entity1 the post-procedural course was complicated by groin @entity6 requiring surgery in 3 @entity8 @entity0 , and neck @entity6 requiring additional surgery in 3 CEA @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Within our academic institution we found comparable complication rates for @entity8 and CEA in @entity0 with symptomatic or asymptomatic high-grade @entity7 . Although these early results are promising and support the notion that @entity8 may become an alternative treatment option for @entity7 in everyday practice, the long-term efficacy of @entity8 has to be evaluated critically by means of further prospective studies.

title: Early outcome of XXXX versus carotid endarterectomy in a single academic center.

answer: @entity8


abstract: From 1967 through 1985, 400 cadaveric transplants were performed at @entity0 Hospital of Los Angeles. Of these 400, 31 were later identified as having @entity4 . No live related graft developed RAS. Of the 31 grafts, 11 were from donors less than 2 years of age. The major feature suggesting @entity3 was @entity2 ; either persistent or a sudden exacerbation often associated with hypertensive @entity1 . In individuals with @entity2 without obvious cause, renal angiography should be promptly conducted under controlled conditions to avoid complications. The stenotic lesion involved 13 end-to-end and 19 end-to-side arterial anastomoses. Surgery for revascularization of RAS was performed in 21 of 31 with success or improvement in 14, no change in 2, and graft loss in 5. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed in 4. Two were unsuccessful, 1 was successful and 1 graft was lost. The 7 remaining @entity0 were treated medically.

title: XXXX in pediatric transplant recipients.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Late symptoms of infantile @entity12 were evaluated in 19 @entity0 aged 15-26 years who had a high graft survival following kidney transplantation. The end-stage cystinotic kidney was responsible for renal @entity2 in 5 @entity0 following grafts. Photophobia did not increase in relation to age, but 3 @entity0 became blind and 1 lost the sight in one eye at 25 years of age. Two @entity0 developed clinical symptoms of @entity8 , and 15 other @entity0 had a @entity8 . Four @entity0 developed permanent @entity10 and 2 developed @entity10 after transplantation. The oral @entity6 tolerance test was abnormal in 11 of 14 @entity0 on low-dose @entity4 . @entity5 was noted in 10 cases, but only 3 @entity0 developed clinical symptoms of portal @entity2 . Symptoms of @entity11 were observed in 6 cases leading to splenectomy. Repeat gross @entity9 was observed in 7 of the @entity0 when on dialysis and persisted after transplantation in 1 @entity0 , who died from @entity9 . A particular @entity1 developed in 2 @entity0 at the ages of 17 and 24, characterized by speech difficulties, @entity7 and @entity3 ; one died at the age of 21. The mean adult height of these @entity0 was 136.5 cm in males and 124 cm in females, and their psychosocial adjustment was related to the extra-renal complications of @entity12 rather than to the renal status.

title: Late symptoms in infantile XXXX .

answer: @entity12


abstract: BACKGROUND: Interest in the incidence of @entity1 (chickenpox) has increased since the discovery of an effective vaccine, but calculations to date have incorrectedly ignored the question of susceptibility. METHODS: We studied the occurrence of @entity1 in Italy on the basis of 33,343 @entity0 (age 0-14 years) cared for by 35 pediatricians between 1 October 1997 and 30 September 1998. The life-table technique was used to calculate the number of susceptible @entity0 . On this basis, we estimated the corrected age-specific and cumulative incidence. RESULTS: We identified 1749 cases among the estimated 21,783 susceptible @entity0 , for a crude incidence of 8.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.7-8.4). The rate age-standardized to the Italian population 0-14 years old was 6.8 (CI = 6.5-7.2). The incidence was more than 16% among @entity0 age 3-4 years and more than 4% for those age 1-10 years. Comparison of the usual method and our corrected method showed that the uncorrected method underestimates the crude annual incidence (5.2% 8.0%), shifts the peak incidence to earlier ages, and underestimates cumulative incidence (at age 14, 49% 67%). CONCLUSIONS: The use of our corrected method provides more valid estimates of the incidence of @entity1 than the ones that are currently available. Corrected estimates should be preferred to uncorrected ones in models to study the cost-effectiveness of universal vaccination against @entity1 .

title: The incidence of XXXX : correction of a common error.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: The periphery T and B lymphocytes are most important immune cells in a body. Analysis for the gene expression profiles of the immune cells will contribute to the understanding of the biological essence of immune suppression. The advanced technique of DNA microarray make it possible to monitor the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously in one hybridization experiment until recently. In this paper, the authors investigated the genes differentially expression in periphery lymphocytes between the @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and health donors to explore the features of gene expression in immune cells of @entity4 @entity0 . METHODS: The BioDoor10s/D chips containing 2000 spots of cDNAs were used to investigate the difference of the expression. Both the mRNAs from periphery lymphocytes of @entity4 @entity0 (2 x 10(8)) and health donors(2 x 10(8)) were reversely transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of fluorescent(cy5 and cy3) labeled @entity3 to prepare the hybridization probes. After hybridization, BioDoor10s/D chips were scanned for the fluorescent intensity. The differentially expressed genes were screened. RESULTS: The total of 62 genes has differentially expression in @entity4 periphery lymphocytes. The number of over- and lower-expressed genes were 5 and 57, respectively. There were 3 genes coding for signal transductive proteins in 5 over-expressed genes. Five genes coding for signal transductive proteins were involved in 9 genes with lowest-expression (cy5/cy3 > or = 0.3). CONCLUSION: There was the consistent tendency toward lower-expressed gene in periphery lymphocytes from the @entity0 with @entity4 . The disorder in signal transductive function of lymphocytes may be a factor distinguishing @entity4 immunity from the health one. Improvement of gene expressing profil may also be a way to enhance immune function in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: [Analysis of gene expression patterns of periphery lymphocytes in @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: The periphery T and B lymphocytes are most important immune cells in a body. Analysis for the gene expression profiles of the immune cells will contribute to the understanding of the biological essence of immune suppression. The advanced technique of DNA microarray make it possible to monitor the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously in one hybridization experiment until recently. In this paper, the authors investigated the genes differentially expression in periphery lymphocytes between the @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and health donors to explore the features of gene expression in immune cells of @entity4 @entity0 . METHODS: The BioDoor10s/D chips containing 2000 spots of cDNAs were used to investigate the difference of the expression. Both the mRNAs from periphery lymphocytes of @entity4 @entity0 (2 x 10(8)) and health donors(2 x 10(8)) were reversely transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of fluorescent(cy5 and cy3) labeled @entity3 to prepare the hybridization probes. After hybridization, BioDoor10s/D chips were scanned for the fluorescent intensity. The differentially expressed genes were screened. RESULTS: The total of 62 genes has differentially expression in @entity4 periphery lymphocytes. The number of over- and lower-expressed genes were 5 and 57, respectively. There were 3 genes coding for signal transductive proteins in 5 over-expressed genes. Five genes coding for signal transductive proteins were involved in 9 genes with lowest-expression (cy5/cy3 > or = 0.3). CONCLUSION: There was the consistent tendency toward lower-expressed gene in periphery lymphocytes from the @entity0 with @entity4 . The disorder in signal transductive function of lymphocytes may be a factor distinguishing @entity4 immunity from the health one. Improvement of gene expressing profil may also be a way to enhance immune function in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: [Analysis of gene expression patterns of periphery lymphocytes in XXXX with @entity2 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: It is unclear to what extent law enforcement officers (LEOs) experience increased prevalence of @entity1 (CVD; defined as @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity7 , or @entity0 ) and, if so, whether perceived stress affects this relationship. First, self-reported CVD risk factors among currently employed male LEOs from 9 states (n = 2818) were compared to CVD risk factors among similarly-aged males with similar incomes in the same states (n = 8046). Second, CVD prevalence was compared among LEOs (n = 1791) and similarly-aged males with similar incomes (n = 2575) from four of these states. Finally, among the LEOs only, the possible effect of perceived stress on the relationship between CVD prevalence and CVD risk factors was assessed. LEOs reported higher prevalence of @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity4 use, and elevated body mass index. CVD prevalence did not differ significantly between the LEO group and the general population (2.3% +/- 15% versus 3.1% +/- 17%; P = 0.095). In the LEO-only group, the best predictors of CVD were: time in the profession (OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.03-1.11), perceived stress (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.00-1.10), and @entity2 (OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.18-0.62). In the LEO-only group, perceived stress was associated with CVD (P = 0.008), and three CVD risk factors were significantly affected by perceived stress: @entity3 , @entity2 , and physical activity. Perceived stress was affected by duration of time in the profession (P = 0.004), independent of an age effect (P = 0.353). Among susceptible officers, perceived stress may contribute to CVD directly and through potentiating several CVD risk factors.

title: Relationship between XXXX morbidity, risk factors, and stress in a law enforcement cohort.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The role of the immune system in the central nervous system has been elusive. Our original description of Ia bearing cells in the central nervous system was controversial, although it has now been confirmed in a variety of systems in both @entity1 and @entity0 . The function of Ia bearing cells is however still unclear. Recently, others have shown that astrocytes from @entity2 with EAE could present @entity4 to T cell clones; however, no other antigens were tested. We have used the culture systems of McCarthy and DeVellis to produce purified cultures of astrocytes and oligodendroglial cells from newborn @entity1 brains. Newborn brains were chosen since it is impossible to obtain pure cultures of differentiated brain cells from adult @entity1 . Using these cultures, we showed that astrocyte, but not oligodendrocyte cultures treated with ConA supernatants or recombinant @entity3 are able to present antigen to appropriate but not inappropriate T cell hybrids. Untreated cells of either the astrocyte or oligodendroglial cell populations were ineffective at antigen presentation. Concomitant with this increase in antigen presenting ability, follows an increase in both the number and density of MHC class I and class II antigens. Antigen presentation was inhibited by appropriate but not inappropriate anti Ia monoclonal antibodies. Anti class I antibodies were ineffective. Depletion experiments showed that both I-A and I-E molecules are expressed on the antigen presenting cells. Thus, we have been able to show that Ia+ cells derived from pure cultures of astrocytes are able, after induction with @entity3 , to present antigen to T cell hybrids. This suggests a possible physiologic role of Ia bearing cells in CNS in initiation of immune responses.

title: Induction of antigen presentation ability in purified cultures of astroglia by XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Retrospective evaluation of long term results after direct suture repair of chronic @entity2 of the aortic isthmus. METHODS: From March 1979 to June 1998, a total of 19 @entity0 with chronic @entity2 of the aortic isthmus were operated on, among whom 12 (63%) underwent direct suture. These 12 @entity0 (age ranging from 19 to 68 years; mean 34.2 years) constitute the subject of this study. All but one suffered traffic accidents. Mean delay between @entity1 and surgery was 4 years (range 3 months to 12 years). All @entity0 underwent a left posterolateral thoracotomy through the fourth intercostal space. Extracorporeal circulation for spinal cord protection was installed in six @entity0 (five ilio-iliac shunts, one atrio-iliac shunt). @entity4 was partial in five and circumferential in seven @entity0 . The mean clamping time was 25 min. The absence of loss of aortic substance and a careful mobilization of the aorta made the repair by direct suture easier; this technique could thus be achieved in 63.2% of all 19 @entity0 operated on of chronic @entity2 within the same period. RESULTS: There was no in-hospital death and no postoperative @entity3 . With a median follow-up of 15 years 3 months (ranging from 22 to 10 years), there were no late complications. Chest X-ray was normal in all @entity0 ; eight of them underwent a control angiography between 18 and 72 postoperative months; all these angiographies but one (20% stenosis without gradient) demonstrated a normal appearance of aortic isthmus. CONCLUSION: Direct suture for repair of chronic @entity2 is a safe procedure: long-term outcome was excellent and the complications observed with prosthetic grafts or with aortic endoprosthetic stent-grafts were avoided.

title: Surgery of chronic XXXX of the aortic isthmus: benefit of direct suture.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Internal thoracic artery (ITA) flow competition is a diversion of graft flow through intact ITA branches with a net decrease in perfusion to the grafted coronary. Although a widely acknowledged phenomenon, the conditions under which flow competition occurs have not been established. This is examined in a @entity2 H-graft model. METHODS: Eight @entity2 had a right ITA segment interposed (H-graft) between their in situ left ITA (LITA) and the snared left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. Proximal LITA and H-graft flows were measured at baseline and during pacing-induced @entity4 , @entity6 -induced @entity1 , and @entity5 -induced @entity3 . Flows were measured with the distal LITA open and occluded. Two additional animals were subjected to eight separate 2-min periods of @entity0 , after which post- @entity0 H-graft flow measurements were obtained with and without distal LIMA occlusion. RESULTS: During baseline conditions, proximal LITA flow was greater when the distal LITA was open rather than occluded (46+/-15 versus 35+/-12 ml/min, respectively; P=0.002), but H-graft flow did not change significantly (32+/-18 versus 35+/-18 ml/min, respectively; P=0.21). Similarly, occlusion of the distal LITA had no impact on H-graft flow during @entity4 , @entity1 , or @entity3 . Only in animals subjected to transient @entity0 did H-graft flow increase with distal LITA occlusion, albeit marginally (65+/-7-70+/-9 ml/min, occluded versus open, respectively; P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Mild diversion of flow from the LAD was demonstrated during immediate post- @entity0 coronary reperfusion only, and could not be elicited under any other physiologic condition. These data suggest that flow competition is unlikely to constitute a clinically significant limitation to the use of @entity7 -grafts or other modalities that leave ITA branches patent.

title: Internal thoracic artery flow competition: studies in a XXXX H-graft model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Postoperative wound @entity1 generally cause considerable extra morbidity, mortality and costs. As nowadays length of hospitalization shortens, post-discharge surveillance is important to get reliable information on the prevalence of @entity2 . In this study, the prevalences of sternal wound (SWI) and donor site @entity1 (DSI) during hospitalization as well as, 30 and 90 days after cardiac surgery were studied paying special attention to the contribution of post-discharge surveillance. METHODS: A total of 1885 @entity0 who underwent cardiac surgery were included in the study and were followed for the prevalence of SWI or DSI up to 90 days postoperatively. Infection data during hospitalization were collected using medical records, bacteriological results and systematic observations of infection control nurses. After discharge from the hospital, data were collected with the help of the out- @entity0 clinic and the family physician. RESULTS: After cardiac surgery, SWI and DSI were diagnosed in 4.7 and 1.5% of @entity0 during hospitalization, in 6.8 and 4.6% at 30 days postoperatively, and in 9.0 and 7.3% of @entity0 at 90 days postoperatively. Of the 90-days postoperative @entity1 rates almost half of SWI and 80% of DSI were diagnosed post-discharge, a result predominantly achieved by the active participation of the family physicians. CONCLUSIONS: After 30 and 90 days follow-up of @entity0 after cardiac surgery, additional sternal wound and donor site @entity1 were diagnosed compared with the in-hospital infection rate. Post-discharge surveillance is essential for a reliable assessment of surgical wound @entity1 .

title: Prevalence of 90-days XXXX after cardiac surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fifty ml of a 0.2% @entity5 solution were instilled into the uteri of six mares selected for culling. Biopsy specimens were taken for microscopic examination before the commencement of the experiment and at various times over the course of a year after the single instillation. Severe @entity0 and @entity3 was present in the lamina propria of all the post-instillation biopsy specimens. The epithelium showed vacuolisation and @entity1 , as well as focal areas of epithelial loss. In some cases @entity4 or @entity7 was seen. Cell infiltration was characterized by the presence of neutrophils, eosinophils and mild lymphocyte infiltration around the blood vessels. @entity8 was present around the blood vessels in some specimens. Blood vessel changes were characterized in the early stages by @entity0 of the tunica media of the medium-sized arteries and later by @entity6 with the complete obliteration of the lumen of the particular vessels in some cases. The endometrial glands showed @entity4 and mitotic figures were more often seen in these glands than normal. The most pronounced lesion in the later stage of the experiment was @entity2 of the lamina propria with the resultant collapse of the stratum compactum and contraction of the stratum spongiosum. The severe @entity2 of the endometrium is the most probable reason for infertility in mares treated with @entity5 .

title: [The detrimental effect of XXXX as an intra-uterine instillation in mares].

answer: @entity5


abstract: Important prognostic factors for @entity4 include histologic differentiation, depth of @entity1 , and clinical stage. Deep myometrial penetration is more commonly observed with poorly differentiated @entity3 , but it is unknown if these @entity2 are poorly differentiated de novo, or if selection toward more aggressive, less differentiated cells occurs during invasion. To study this question, we performed a morphometric analysis to quantitate the amount of glandular differentiation in superficial portions of 22 @entity4 for comparison with deep portions of the same @entity2 . Point counting of randomly selected fields was performed on histologic sections of hysterectomy specimens of 22 @entity0 with stage I @entity4 . The components enumerated were @entity2 cells participating in gland formation ( @entity6 ), non-gland-forming @entity2 cells (UI), @entity2 gland lumens (LUM), inflammatory cells (IC), and stroma (endometrium or myometrium) (ST). Slides of @entity2 were divided into superficial, middle, and deep thirds. No statistically significant differences were seen between superficial and deep thirds (UI: 45% vs. 43%; @entity6 : 33% vs. 32%; LUM: 22% vs. 24%; IC: 3% vs. 3% of points counted, p greater than .1, paired t-test). The density of @entity2 cells relative to stroma was greater in the superficial region (55% vs. 41%, p less than .001, paired t-test). Additionally, field-to-field heterogeneity was examined by four methods. No relationship between increased heterogeneity and poor prognosis was identified. These findings do not support the concept that invasion by @entity4 is accompanied by @entity5 .

title: Morphometric analysis of @entity4 : 1. Does XXXX accompany deep invasion by @entity4 ?

answer: @entity5


abstract: Important prognostic factors for @entity4 include histologic differentiation, depth of @entity1 , and clinical stage. Deep myometrial penetration is more commonly observed with poorly differentiated @entity3 , but it is unknown if these @entity2 are poorly differentiated de novo, or if selection toward more aggressive, less differentiated cells occurs during invasion. To study this question, we performed a morphometric analysis to quantitate the amount of glandular differentiation in superficial portions of 22 @entity4 for comparison with deep portions of the same @entity2 . Point counting of randomly selected fields was performed on histologic sections of hysterectomy specimens of 22 @entity0 with stage I @entity4 . The components enumerated were @entity2 cells participating in gland formation ( @entity6 ), non-gland-forming @entity2 cells (UI), @entity2 gland lumens (LUM), inflammatory cells (IC), and stroma (endometrium or myometrium) (ST). Slides of @entity2 were divided into superficial, middle, and deep thirds. No statistically significant differences were seen between superficial and deep thirds (UI: 45% vs. 43%; @entity6 : 33% vs. 32%; LUM: 22% vs. 24%; IC: 3% vs. 3% of points counted, p greater than .1, paired t-test). The density of @entity2 cells relative to stroma was greater in the superficial region (55% vs. 41%, p less than .001, paired t-test). Additionally, field-to-field heterogeneity was examined by four methods. No relationship between increased heterogeneity and poor prognosis was identified. These findings do not support the concept that invasion by @entity4 is accompanied by @entity5 .

title: Morphometric analysis of XXXX : 1. Does @entity5 accompany deep invasion by @entity4 ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Important prognostic factors for @entity4 include histologic differentiation, depth of @entity1 , and clinical stage. Deep myometrial penetration is more commonly observed with poorly differentiated @entity3 , but it is unknown if these @entity2 are poorly differentiated de novo, or if selection toward more aggressive, less differentiated cells occurs during invasion. To study this question, we performed a morphometric analysis to quantitate the amount of glandular differentiation in superficial portions of 22 @entity4 for comparison with deep portions of the same @entity2 . Point counting of randomly selected fields was performed on histologic sections of hysterectomy specimens of 22 @entity0 with stage I @entity4 . The components enumerated were @entity2 cells participating in gland formation ( @entity6 ), non-gland-forming @entity2 cells (UI), @entity2 gland lumens (LUM), inflammatory cells (IC), and stroma (endometrium or myometrium) (ST). Slides of @entity2 were divided into superficial, middle, and deep thirds. No statistically significant differences were seen between superficial and deep thirds (UI: 45% vs. 43%; @entity6 : 33% vs. 32%; LUM: 22% vs. 24%; IC: 3% vs. 3% of points counted, p greater than .1, paired t-test). The density of @entity2 cells relative to stroma was greater in the superficial region (55% vs. 41%, p less than .001, paired t-test). Additionally, field-to-field heterogeneity was examined by four methods. No relationship between increased heterogeneity and poor prognosis was identified. These findings do not support the concept that invasion by @entity4 is accompanied by @entity5 .

title: Morphometric analysis of @entity4 : 1. Does @entity5 accompany deep invasion by XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: A retrospective study was conducted to review the surgical results among 24 @entity0 with @entity10 , who were treated with spinal instrumentation and fusion at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore between March 1993 and December 1998. METHODS: We examined complete hospital records of @entity0 who had @entity8 due to aetiologies such as @entity9 , @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity2 . The mean age of @entity0 was 10.6 years (range, 6-14 years) and the mean follow-up duration was 5.5 years. RESULTS: 18 @entity0 had posterior surgery alone, whereas 4 had an anterior release with posterior instrumentation, and 2 had an anterior fusion with instrumentation. The mean length of stay in the intensive care unit was 2 days and the mean duration of hospital stay was 11 days. The mean correction in @entity8 angle ranged from 75.6 degrees to 25.7 degrees. All @entity0 could at least sit without support postoperatively. The one-second forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity were, in general, maintained throughout the follow-up. There were 2 major complications and 2 minor ones; these were @entity6 with rod breakage requiring revision, deep @entity3 necessitating hardware removal, superficial @entity3 that responded to antibiotics, and @entity4 requiring 3 weeks of antibiotic treatment. There were no deaths or any @entity1 after instrumentation. CONCLUSION: Spinal stabilisation and fusion in @entity0 with @entity10 is a safe and effective treatment modality. The effect of surgery on long-term pulmonary function, however, remains controversial and needs to be addressed.

title: Spinal fusion and instrumentation for XXXX : retrospective review.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity5 ) to assess effect of coronary lesion morphology on changes of grafts during first year after surgery; 2) to study the state of native coronary vascular bed during first year after surgery; 3) to elucidate special features of @entity3 in grafts and coronary arteries in remote period after surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred eighty seven @entity0 with 3-vessel @entity2 subjected to aorto-coronary or mammary-coronary grafting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Proportions of closed venous grafts were 24,2% among grafts to arteries with 50-75% stenoses, 13.1% among grafts to occluded arteries (p=0.023), and 20.1% among grafts to arteries with 75-99% stenoses. Among venous grafts to arteries with lumen diameter <1.5 mm 30.4% were occluded what was significantly more than among grafts to vessels with 1.5-2.5 mm (15.5%, p=0.003) and >2.5 mm (14.5%, p=0.004) diameter. Morphological risk factors of venous graft closure in immediate postoperative period were 50-75% @entity4 and lumen diameter <1.5 mm. All mammary-coronary anastomoses were patent in 1 year, 99% of them remained patent 5 years after surgery. No relationship was found between patency of venous grafts after 5 years of follow-up and morphological characteristics (lumen diameter and percent @entity4 ) of bypassed arteries. During first year there was no significant differences between @entity0 with patent and occluded grafts both in incidences of novel @entity3 (10.4 and 10.3%, respectively, p=0.943) and proportion of closures of initially stenotic arteries (9.6 and 10.3%, respectively, p=0.085). After 5 years novel @entity3 were found in 31.9 and 33.6% of @entity0 with patent and occluded grafts, respectively (p=0.910). Complete occlusions of stenosed vessels proximal to @entity1 occurred more often among @entity0 with patent than with occluded grafts (28.6 and 15.9%, respectively, p=0.047). Thus in remote postoperative period development of @entity3 in proximal segments of arteries with patent grafts was more 'aggressive' than in arteries with occluded grafts.

title: [Changes of autologous coronary vessels and aortocoronary grafts in XXXX with ischemic heart disease after coronary artery bypass grafting].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The role of macrophages in the regulation of @entity1 and immunity is, in part, due to their secretory repertoire. Among the important mediators released by macrophages are the products of both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of @entity3 (20:4) metabolism. The principal focus of this paper is the mechanism by which bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) regulate 20:4 metabolism in macrophages. LPS has the capacity to prime macrophages for greatly enhanced @entity0 metabolism when the cells are subsequently challenged with a spectrum of triggers. Concomitant with priming, LPS also promotes the covalent attachment of @entity6 to a set of macrophage proteins. The time and concentration dependence of LPS-induced protein myristoylation is consistent with a role for myristoylation in LPS priming of the 20:4 cascade. One of the myristoylated proteins is a 68K (K = 10(3) Mr) @entity5 substrate which associates with membranes upon myristoylation. LPS-primed macrophages show greatly increased phosphorylation of the 68K protein when the cells are subsequently treated with @entity5 activating @entity4 . It is proposed that the myristoylation of the 68K protein promotes its attachment to the membrane where it is more closely associated with activated @entity5 ( @entity5 ), an association which would ensure more efficient catalysis during the mobilization and oxygenation of 20:4. This paper also examines protein myristoylation during T-cell-mediated activation of macrophages. Immune-activated macrophages have an enhanced capacity to kill several infectious agents by oxidative mechanisms. The lymphokine gamma-interferon ( @entity2 ) rapidly induces the myristoylation of a 48K protein. This 48K protein is also myristoylated in @entity0 macrophages that have been activated in vivo by intraperitoneal injection of Corynebacterium parvum, suggesting that it may be an important intermediate in the activation of macrophages for enhanced microbicidal capacity.

title: Protein myristoylation as an intermediate step during signal transduction in macrophages: its role in XXXX metabolism and in responses to @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The role of macrophages in the regulation of @entity1 and immunity is, in part, due to their secretory repertoire. Among the important mediators released by macrophages are the products of both the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of @entity3 (20:4) metabolism. The principal focus of this paper is the mechanism by which bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) regulate 20:4 metabolism in macrophages. LPS has the capacity to prime macrophages for greatly enhanced @entity0 metabolism when the cells are subsequently challenged with a spectrum of triggers. Concomitant with priming, LPS also promotes the covalent attachment of @entity6 to a set of macrophage proteins. The time and concentration dependence of LPS-induced protein myristoylation is consistent with a role for myristoylation in LPS priming of the 20:4 cascade. One of the myristoylated proteins is a 68K (K = 10(3) Mr) @entity5 substrate which associates with membranes upon myristoylation. LPS-primed macrophages show greatly increased phosphorylation of the 68K protein when the cells are subsequently treated with @entity5 activating @entity4 . It is proposed that the myristoylation of the 68K protein promotes its attachment to the membrane where it is more closely associated with activated @entity5 ( @entity5 ), an association which would ensure more efficient catalysis during the mobilization and oxygenation of 20:4. This paper also examines protein myristoylation during T-cell-mediated activation of macrophages. Immune-activated macrophages have an enhanced capacity to kill several infectious agents by oxidative mechanisms. The lymphokine gamma-interferon ( @entity2 ) rapidly induces the myristoylation of a 48K protein. This 48K protein is also myristoylated in @entity0 macrophages that have been activated in vivo by intraperitoneal injection of Corynebacterium parvum, suggesting that it may be an important intermediate in the activation of macrophages for enhanced microbicidal capacity.

title: Protein myristoylation as an intermediate step during signal transduction in macrophages: its role in @entity3 metabolism and in responses to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity9 ), @entity6 ( @entity7 ), and @entity13 ( @entity12 ) have lipid-modifying and antiinflammatory properties. The effects of supplement mixtures of these @entity5 on plasma lipids and the @entity3 compositions of serum phospholipids have received little attention. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the effects of different levels of @entity12 supplementation together with a constant intake of @entity9 plus @entity7 on the @entity4 -lowering effect of @entity9 plus @entity7 alone and on the @entity3 patterns (eicosanoid precursors) of serum phospholipids. DESIGN: Thirty-one @entity0 were assigned to 1 of 4 groups, equalized on the basis of their fasting @entity4 concentrations. They received supplements providing 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 (4:0, @entity9 + @entity7 : @entity12 ; control group), 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 plus 1 g @entity12 (4:1), 2 g @entity12 (4:2), or 4 g @entity12 (4:4) daily for 28 d. Plasma lipids and @entity5 of serum phospholipids were measured on days 0 and 28. RESULTS: Plasma @entity4 concentrations were significantly lower on day 28 than on day 0 in the 4:0, 4:1, and 4:2 groups. LDL @entity1 decreased significantly (by 11.3%) in the 4:2 group. @entity10 increased significantly in serum phospholipids only in the 4:2 and 4:4 groups; however, total @entity11 increased in all 4 groups. CONCLUSIONS: A mixture of 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 and 2 g @entity12 favorably altered blood lipid and @entity3 profiles in healthy @entity0 . On the basis of calculated PROCAM values, the 4:2 group was estimated to have a 43% reduction in the 10-y risk of @entity2 .

title: Effects of supplementation with fish oil-derived n-3 XXXX and @entity13 on circulating plasma lipids and @entity3 profiles in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity9 ), @entity6 ( @entity7 ), and @entity13 ( @entity12 ) have lipid-modifying and antiinflammatory properties. The effects of supplement mixtures of these @entity5 on plasma lipids and the @entity3 compositions of serum phospholipids have received little attention. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the effects of different levels of @entity12 supplementation together with a constant intake of @entity9 plus @entity7 on the @entity4 -lowering effect of @entity9 plus @entity7 alone and on the @entity3 patterns (eicosanoid precursors) of serum phospholipids. DESIGN: Thirty-one @entity0 were assigned to 1 of 4 groups, equalized on the basis of their fasting @entity4 concentrations. They received supplements providing 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 (4:0, @entity9 + @entity7 : @entity12 ; control group), 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 plus 1 g @entity12 (4:1), 2 g @entity12 (4:2), or 4 g @entity12 (4:4) daily for 28 d. Plasma lipids and @entity5 of serum phospholipids were measured on days 0 and 28. RESULTS: Plasma @entity4 concentrations were significantly lower on day 28 than on day 0 in the 4:0, 4:1, and 4:2 groups. LDL @entity1 decreased significantly (by 11.3%) in the 4:2 group. @entity10 increased significantly in serum phospholipids only in the 4:2 and 4:4 groups; however, total @entity11 increased in all 4 groups. CONCLUSIONS: A mixture of 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 and 2 g @entity12 favorably altered blood lipid and @entity3 profiles in healthy @entity0 . On the basis of calculated PROCAM values, the 4:2 group was estimated to have a 43% reduction in the 10-y risk of @entity2 .

title: Effects of supplementation with fish oil-derived n-3 @entity5 and @entity13 on circulating plasma lipids and XXXX profiles in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity9 ), @entity6 ( @entity7 ), and @entity13 ( @entity12 ) have lipid-modifying and antiinflammatory properties. The effects of supplement mixtures of these @entity5 on plasma lipids and the @entity3 compositions of serum phospholipids have received little attention. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the effects of different levels of @entity12 supplementation together with a constant intake of @entity9 plus @entity7 on the @entity4 -lowering effect of @entity9 plus @entity7 alone and on the @entity3 patterns (eicosanoid precursors) of serum phospholipids. DESIGN: Thirty-one @entity0 were assigned to 1 of 4 groups, equalized on the basis of their fasting @entity4 concentrations. They received supplements providing 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 (4:0, @entity9 + @entity7 : @entity12 ; control group), 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 plus 1 g @entity12 (4:1), 2 g @entity12 (4:2), or 4 g @entity12 (4:4) daily for 28 d. Plasma lipids and @entity5 of serum phospholipids were measured on days 0 and 28. RESULTS: Plasma @entity4 concentrations were significantly lower on day 28 than on day 0 in the 4:0, 4:1, and 4:2 groups. LDL @entity1 decreased significantly (by 11.3%) in the 4:2 group. @entity10 increased significantly in serum phospholipids only in the 4:2 and 4:4 groups; however, total @entity11 increased in all 4 groups. CONCLUSIONS: A mixture of 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 and 2 g @entity12 favorably altered blood lipid and @entity3 profiles in healthy @entity0 . On the basis of calculated PROCAM values, the 4:2 group was estimated to have a 43% reduction in the 10-y risk of @entity2 .

title: Effects of supplementation with fish oil-derived n-3 @entity5 and XXXX on circulating plasma lipids and @entity3 profiles in @entity0 .

answer: @entity13


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity9 ), @entity6 ( @entity7 ), and @entity13 ( @entity12 ) have lipid-modifying and antiinflammatory properties. The effects of supplement mixtures of these @entity5 on plasma lipids and the @entity3 compositions of serum phospholipids have received little attention. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the effects of different levels of @entity12 supplementation together with a constant intake of @entity9 plus @entity7 on the @entity4 -lowering effect of @entity9 plus @entity7 alone and on the @entity3 patterns (eicosanoid precursors) of serum phospholipids. DESIGN: Thirty-one @entity0 were assigned to 1 of 4 groups, equalized on the basis of their fasting @entity4 concentrations. They received supplements providing 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 (4:0, @entity9 + @entity7 : @entity12 ; control group), 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 plus 1 g @entity12 (4:1), 2 g @entity12 (4:2), or 4 g @entity12 (4:4) daily for 28 d. Plasma lipids and @entity5 of serum phospholipids were measured on days 0 and 28. RESULTS: Plasma @entity4 concentrations were significantly lower on day 28 than on day 0 in the 4:0, 4:1, and 4:2 groups. LDL @entity1 decreased significantly (by 11.3%) in the 4:2 group. @entity10 increased significantly in serum phospholipids only in the 4:2 and 4:4 groups; however, total @entity11 increased in all 4 groups. CONCLUSIONS: A mixture of 4 g @entity9 + @entity7 and 2 g @entity12 favorably altered blood lipid and @entity3 profiles in healthy @entity0 . On the basis of calculated PROCAM values, the 4:2 group was estimated to have a 43% reduction in the 10-y risk of @entity2 .

title: Effects of supplementation with fish oil-derived n-3 @entity5 and @entity13 on circulating plasma lipids and @entity3 profiles in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are abdominal wall recurrences that occur in the subcutaneous tissue within a trocar site after @entity0 laparoscopy and are not associated with peritoneal @entity2 . In order to develop @entity5 , viable @entity0 cells must be liberated from the @entity0 , be transported to a wound, and find there a favorable environment for growth. The short clinical delay in the occurrence of @entity5 and their size suggest massive cell seeding into the abdominal wall. @entity0 , slipping of trocars, liquid projection, as well as poor extraction techniques can all cause implantation of malignant cells into the subcutaneous tissue. Such contact can also occur postoperatively if the trocar channels remain open. Some histologies (e.g. @entity3 ), the presence of @entity4 and advanced @entity0 stage are risk factors for @entity5 . Further conditions--including the use of gas--might also play a limited role. The first preventive measure is the correct indication for a laparoscopic approach. Several techniques have been demonstrated to prevent @entity5 in the animal model: (a) fixation of trocars to the abdominal wall; (b) prevention of leakage; (c) careful specimen handling; (d) reducing @entity1 to the abdominal wall; (e) specimen isolation before extraction from the abdominal cavity; (f) trocar-site irrigation with a cytotoxic solution, and (g) closure of peritoneum. Further innovative therapies are currently under investigation. In the clinical setting, correct indication, surgical expertise and application of prophylactic measures seem to be the best way to prevent the occurrence of @entity5 .

title: XXXX cell dissemination during laparoscopy: prevention and therapeutic opportunities.

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: To determine if @entity3 due to gunshot wounds (GW) are associated with different bladder and sphincteric behavior compared to other @entity1 mechanisms. SETTING: @entity5 center, Brazilian university hospital. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the records and urodynamic studies of 71 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) referred to the Brazilian National @entity3 Center over the year 2000, and compared the bladder-sphincteric pattern of @entity0 with @entity1 caused by GW with those caused by other @entity1 mechanisms. RESULTS: The causes of @entity3 were (1) gunshot wounds (31 @entity0 : 43.7%); (2) motor vehicle accidents (16 @entity0 : 22.5%); (3) falls (16 @entity0 : 22.5%) and (4) diving (three @entity0 : 4.2%). In five @entity0 (7.1%) the causes were unusual @entity1 mechanisms like stab wound (one @entity0 ) and direct @entity1 in vigorous sports (two @entity0 ) or fights (two @entity0 ). The levels of the @entity1 were cervical in 22 @entity0 (31.0%), thoracic in 39 (54.9%) and lumbar in 10 (14.1%). @entity2 with @entity4 was present in 65% of the @entity0 overall and in 76% of the thoracic gunshot wounded. @entity6 occurred in 20% of the @entity0 and in 16% of thoracic injured @entity0 with gunshots. @entity2 with @entity4 was the pattern encountered in 50% of the individuals suffering from @entity3 because of other mechanisms and @entity6 was present in 35.8%. There was no statistical difference between GW @entity0 and other mechanisms according to bladder and sphincter functions. CONCLUSIONS: There was a substantial overlap of bladder and sphincteric behaviors between @entity0 with different levels of @entity5 , but the @entity1 mechanism was not important to determine the bladder and sphincteric functions.

title: Effect of the XXXX mechanism on the bladder-sphincteric behavior after @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: To determine if @entity3 due to gunshot wounds (GW) are associated with different bladder and sphincteric behavior compared to other @entity1 mechanisms. SETTING: @entity5 center, Brazilian university hospital. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the records and urodynamic studies of 71 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) referred to the Brazilian National @entity3 Center over the year 2000, and compared the bladder-sphincteric pattern of @entity0 with @entity1 caused by GW with those caused by other @entity1 mechanisms. RESULTS: The causes of @entity3 were (1) gunshot wounds (31 @entity0 : 43.7%); (2) motor vehicle accidents (16 @entity0 : 22.5%); (3) falls (16 @entity0 : 22.5%) and (4) diving (three @entity0 : 4.2%). In five @entity0 (7.1%) the causes were unusual @entity1 mechanisms like stab wound (one @entity0 ) and direct @entity1 in vigorous sports (two @entity0 ) or fights (two @entity0 ). The levels of the @entity1 were cervical in 22 @entity0 (31.0%), thoracic in 39 (54.9%) and lumbar in 10 (14.1%). @entity2 with @entity4 was present in 65% of the @entity0 overall and in 76% of the thoracic gunshot wounded. @entity6 occurred in 20% of the @entity0 and in 16% of thoracic injured @entity0 with gunshots. @entity2 with @entity4 was the pattern encountered in 50% of the individuals suffering from @entity3 because of other mechanisms and @entity6 was present in 35.8%. There was no statistical difference between GW @entity0 and other mechanisms according to bladder and sphincter functions. CONCLUSIONS: There was a substantial overlap of bladder and sphincteric behaviors between @entity0 with different levels of @entity5 , but the @entity1 mechanism was not important to determine the bladder and sphincteric functions.

title: Effect of the @entity1 mechanism on the bladder-sphincteric behavior after XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: An increased risk of @entity0 among asphalt workers has been suggested in epidemiological studies based on large scale statistical analyses. METHODS: In a multi-country study of 29,820 male workers employed in road paving, asphalt mixing and roofing, 32,245 ground and building construction workers and 17,757 other workers from Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden, with mortality that was documented from 1953-2000. Exposures to bitumen fume, coal tar, 4-6 ring @entity5 , organic vapor, diesel exhaust, @entity4 , and @entity6 dust were assessed via a job-exposure matrix. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on national mortality rates, as well as relative risks (RRs) based on Poisson regression models were calculated. RESULTS: The SMR of @entity0 among workers exposed to bitumen fume (1.08, 95% CI 0.99-1.18) was comparable to that of non-exposed workers (SMR 1.05, 95% CI 0.92-1.19). In a sub-cohort of bitumen-exposed workers without exposure to @entity0 was 1.23 (95% CI 1.02-1.48). The analysis based on the semi-quantitative, matrix-based exposures in the whole cohort did not suggest an @entity0 risk following exposure to bitumen fume. However, in an analysis restricted to road pavers, based on quantitative estimate of bitumen fume exposure, a dose-response was suggested for average level of exposure, applying a 15-year lag, which was marginally reduced after adjustment for co-exposure to coal tar. The results for @entity1 of the @entity2 were similar to those of @entity0 , although they were based on a smaller number of @entity3 . There was no clear suggestion of an association with bitumen fume for any other @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of the analysis by bitumen fume exposure do not allow us to conclude on the presence or absence of a causal link between exposure to bitumen fume and risk of @entity0 and the @entity2 .

title: XXXX mortality among European asphalt workers: an international epidemiological study. II. Exposure to bitumen fume and other agents.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cost containment has become an important issue in medical practice because of recent bad economic conditions. We analyzed the cost of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 and cost-effective analysis was carried out comparing transurethral resection of prostate (TURP), visual laser ablation of the prostate (VLAP) and transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT). MATERIALS _ METHODS: Our series consists of 95 @entity1 @entity0 treated with TURP, VLAP and TUMT between January 1, 1994 and March 31, 1997. The cost for each @entity0 was calculated (46 were treated with TURP, 31 with VLAP and 28 with TUMT). Considering the clinical outcome, cost-effectiveness was compared in 3 groups retrospectively. RESULTS: The median level of total charges (insurance points) was 59,395 points for the TURP group, 66,784 points for the VLAP group and 14,927 points for the TUMT group. The median follow-up period was 12.4 months, 46.7 months and 14.4 months, respectively. Several @entity0 needed medication after operation in the VLAP group. In the TUMT group, 3 @entity0 needed re-operation and 5 other needed an alternative surgical method (TURP or transurethral needle ablation) and 1 needed both methods. DISCUSSION: TUMT is the most cost-effective method, however the recurent rate is highest in the follow-up period among the three groups. The costs of recurent cases were most expensive. We should select surgical treatment for @entity1 very carefully.

title: [Economic evaluation of treatment for XXXX --transurethral resection vs thermotherapy vs laser vaporization].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) was used to evaluate changes in bone mineral mass in 108 @entity6 @entity0 . Ninety were treated with @entity5 and 18 served as controls. All @entity6 @entity0 and 9 of the controls took @entity3 and @entity4 supplements. In 16 @entity0 @entity1 were combined with the @entity5 therapy. Seven @entity0 received @entity2 . Significant positive changes in bone mineral mass in the lumbar spine could be demonstrated over a mean observation time of 14-15 months in all groups treated with @entity5 but not in the control group. The average increase in bone mineral mass in the lumbar spine (L2, L3 and L4 combined) ranged from 3.57% +/- 1.42% (sem, p less than 0.05) in @entity0 on @entity5 to 10.36% +/- 3.17% (p less than 0.01) in @entity0 and 10.18% +/- 2.39% (p less than 0.001) in @entity0 on @entity1 and @entity5 . Changes in bone mineral mass in femoral necks (left and right combined) and femoral diaphysis were not significant. In the control group no significant changes were observed (lumbar spine: -1.68% +/- 1.75%, femoral necks -0.09% +/- 3.3% and femoral diaphysis -2.32% +/- 2.40%). It is concluded that a positive effect of @entity5 on trabecular bone in the spine can be demonstrated with @entity7 on a group basis when data processing is done in a uniform way by a single observer. Its longitudinal use in individual @entity0 necessitates a series of measurements to overcome the analytical error.

title: Monitoring XXXX therapy in osteoporosis by dual photon absorptiometry.

answer: @entity5


abstract: A nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) method, coupled with either UV or electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI- @entity0 ), is described for the simultaneous analysis of seven beta-blockers. The same electrolyte, namely 25 mM @entity4 and 1 M @entity4 , was used with different investigated organic solvents. In addition to frequently used organic solvents such as @entity1 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity5 ), @entity6 and its derivatives were investigated. @entity6 (FA) and @entity7 ( @entity8 ) present several interesting physico-chemical properties, one of them being a high dielectric constant (e). Since FA and NMF possess a high UV cutoff, beta-blockers with an absorbance above 250 nm were selected as model compounds in order to compare NACE-UV and NACE- @entity0 performances. FA and NMF showed different selectivity compared to water, @entity3 or @entity5 , and also demonstrated a higher efficiency in terms of the number of theoretical plates (especially NMF). To overcome their unfavorable optical properties, hyphenation with @entity0 detection appears as a promising technique, thanks to its benefits in terms of selectivity, sensitivity and universality. The practical compatibility of FA and NMF with ESI- @entity0 detection in combination with a sheath liquid configuration was demonstrated. In comparison to UV detection, sensitivity was increased, while a high efficiency was maintained. In addition, the low and stable generated currents observed were evidences for the successful hyphenation with ESI- @entity0 . Hence, FA and NMF seemed to be promising alternatives in NACE-ESI- @entity0 , either used as pure organic solvent or as a mixture with @entity3 or @entity5 .

title: Potential of XXXX and @entity7 in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Application to the analysis of beta-blockers.

answer: @entity6


abstract: A nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) method, coupled with either UV or electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI- @entity0 ), is described for the simultaneous analysis of seven beta-blockers. The same electrolyte, namely 25 mM @entity4 and 1 M @entity4 , was used with different investigated organic solvents. In addition to frequently used organic solvents such as @entity1 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity5 ), @entity6 and its derivatives were investigated. @entity6 (FA) and @entity7 ( @entity8 ) present several interesting physico-chemical properties, one of them being a high dielectric constant (e). Since FA and NMF possess a high UV cutoff, beta-blockers with an absorbance above 250 nm were selected as model compounds in order to compare NACE-UV and NACE- @entity0 performances. FA and NMF showed different selectivity compared to water, @entity3 or @entity5 , and also demonstrated a higher efficiency in terms of the number of theoretical plates (especially NMF). To overcome their unfavorable optical properties, hyphenation with @entity0 detection appears as a promising technique, thanks to its benefits in terms of selectivity, sensitivity and universality. The practical compatibility of FA and NMF with ESI- @entity0 detection in combination with a sheath liquid configuration was demonstrated. In comparison to UV detection, sensitivity was increased, while a high efficiency was maintained. In addition, the low and stable generated currents observed were evidences for the successful hyphenation with ESI- @entity0 . Hence, FA and NMF seemed to be promising alternatives in NACE-ESI- @entity0 , either used as pure organic solvent or as a mixture with @entity3 or @entity5 .

title: Potential of @entity6 and XXXX in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Application to the analysis of beta-blockers.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Visceral @entity1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of functional @entity3 , although the underlying mechanism(s) is unknown. We investigated the effects of @entity5 , an @entity4 receptor antagonist, on sensory perception and biomechanical properties of esophagus in @entity0 with functional @entity3 . Esophageal balloon distention was performed using impedance planimetry in 21 consecutive @entity0 with functional @entity3 . @entity0 found to have a hypersensitive esophagus received intravenous @entity5 and balloon distension was repeated. If the @entity1 improved, oral @entity5 was prescribed for three months as an open label trial. Balloon distension reproduced typical @entity3 in 16 (76%) @entity0 at thresholds suggestive of @entity1 . After @entity5 infusion, @entity2 thresholds increased in 12 (75%) @entity0 . Median threshold pressures for discomfort and @entity2 improved (P < 0.01). Cross-sectional area increased (P < 0.05) and the tension/strain association shifted to the right (P < 0.01). Seven of eight @entity0 reported sustained improvement in @entity2 after oral @entity5 . @entity5 may ameliorate @entity3 in @entity0 with hypersensitive esophagus, possibly by altering @entity4 -mediated nociception.

title: An open-label trial of XXXX for functional @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Visceral @entity1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of functional @entity3 , although the underlying mechanism(s) is unknown. We investigated the effects of @entity5 , an @entity4 receptor antagonist, on sensory perception and biomechanical properties of esophagus in @entity0 with functional @entity3 . Esophageal balloon distention was performed using impedance planimetry in 21 consecutive @entity0 with functional @entity3 . @entity0 found to have a hypersensitive esophagus received intravenous @entity5 and balloon distension was repeated. If the @entity1 improved, oral @entity5 was prescribed for three months as an open label trial. Balloon distension reproduced typical @entity3 in 16 (76%) @entity0 at thresholds suggestive of @entity1 . After @entity5 infusion, @entity2 thresholds increased in 12 (75%) @entity0 . Median threshold pressures for discomfort and @entity2 improved (P < 0.01). Cross-sectional area increased (P < 0.05) and the tension/strain association shifted to the right (P < 0.01). Seven of eight @entity0 reported sustained improvement in @entity2 after oral @entity5 . @entity5 may ameliorate @entity3 in @entity0 with hypersensitive esophagus, possibly by altering @entity4 -mediated nociception.

title: An open-label trial of @entity5 for functional XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity1 treatment on increased oxidative stress in @entity0 exposed to a swimming exercise protocol. In order to examine the effects of physical swimming training on the antioxidant defences of tissues and on their susceptibility to damage induced by exercise, the levels of @entity2 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 reacting substances (TBARS) levels, on indicator of lipid peroxidation in various tissues, have been determined. In this study, four groups of female @entity0 were used while the @entity0 were trained to swim for 30 minutes a day and five days a week which lasted eight weeks and @entity1 (vit. E) supplementation (30 mg/kg/day) has been carried out for five days a week. TBARS levels are significantly found lower in both trained and sedentary vit. E supplemented groups, since vit. E is the most important antioxidant in an earlier line of defence in lipid peroxidation. Also, in vit. E supplemented trained @entity0 , the @entity2 response is observed to be significantly higher, supporting with the TBARS levels and in accordance with the literature. But in the sedentary group without vit. E supplementation, the @entity3 levels of the liver and the heart tissues were significantly lower than both vit. E supplemented sedentary and trained groups. These results evaluate that vit. E confers protection to @entity3 levels in these tissues where the @entity3 levels were found significantly lower in the groups not supplemented with vit. E.

title: The effect of XXXX treatment on oxidative stress generated in trained @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity1 treatment on increased oxidative stress in @entity0 exposed to a swimming exercise protocol. In order to examine the effects of physical swimming training on the antioxidant defences of tissues and on their susceptibility to damage induced by exercise, the levels of @entity2 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 reacting substances (TBARS) levels, on indicator of lipid peroxidation in various tissues, have been determined. In this study, four groups of female @entity0 were used while the @entity0 were trained to swim for 30 minutes a day and five days a week which lasted eight weeks and @entity1 (vit. E) supplementation (30 mg/kg/day) has been carried out for five days a week. TBARS levels are significantly found lower in both trained and sedentary vit. E supplemented groups, since vit. E is the most important antioxidant in an earlier line of defence in lipid peroxidation. Also, in vit. E supplemented trained @entity0 , the @entity2 response is observed to be significantly higher, supporting with the TBARS levels and in accordance with the literature. But in the sedentary group without vit. E supplementation, the @entity3 levels of the liver and the heart tissues were significantly lower than both vit. E supplemented sedentary and trained groups. These results evaluate that vit. E confers protection to @entity3 levels in these tissues where the @entity3 levels were found significantly lower in the groups not supplemented with vit. E.

title: The effect of @entity1 treatment on oxidative stress generated in trained XXXX .

answer: @entity0