abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical activity reduces, whereas exposure to air pollution increases, the risk of premature mortality. Physical activity amplifies respiratory uptake and deposition of air pollutants in the lung, which may augment acute harmful effects of air pollution during exercise. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to examine whether benefits of physical activity on mortality are moderated by long-term exposure to high air pollution levels in an urban setting. METHODS: A total of 52,061 subjects (50-65 years of age) from the Danish Diet, @entity1 , and Health cohort, living in Aarhus and Copenhagen, reported data on physical activity in 1993-1997 and were followed until 2010. High exposure to air pollution was defined as the upper 25th percentile of modeled @entity7 ( @entity6 ) levels at residential addresses. We associated participation in sports, cycling, gardening, and walking with total and cause-specific mortality by Cox regression, and introduced @entity6 as an interaction term. RESULTS: In total, 5,534 subjects died: 2,864 from @entity1 , 1,285 from @entity3 , 354 from @entity4 , and 122 from @entity2 . Significant inverse associations of participation in sports, cycling, and gardening with total, cardiovascular, and @entity2 mortality were not modified by @entity6 . Reductions in respiratory mortality associated with cycling and gardening were more pronounced among @entity0 with moderate/low @entity6 [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.72 and 0.55; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.73, respectively] than with high @entity6 exposure (HR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.11 and HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.55, 1.18, p-interaction = 0.09 and 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In general, exposure to high levels of traffic-related air pollution did not modify associations, indicating beneficial effects of physical activity on mortality. These novel findings require replication in other study populations. Citation: Andersen ZJ, de Nazelle A, @entity5 , Garcia-Aymerich J, Hertel O, Tj  nneland A, Overvad K, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ. 2015. A study of the combined effects of physical activity and air pollution on mortality in elderly urban residents: the Danish Diet, @entity1 , and Health cohort. Environ Health Perspect 123:557-563;   http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408698.

title: A Study of the Combined Effects of Physical Activity and Air Pollution on Mortality in Elderly Urban Residents: The Danish Diet, XXXX , and Health Cohort.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Paroxysmal or persistent @entity1 in pediatric @entity0 is a common disease. Certain circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with @entity2 . The present study investigated miRNAs in the plasma of pediatric @entity0 with @entity1 . Forty pediatric subjects were included retrospectively: 24 with recurrent sustained @entity1 [seven cases of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and 17  cases of @entity4 ( @entity4 )] and 16  healthy controls. Circulating @entity5 and miR  -133 in the plasma were detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. @entity5 levels were significantly decreased in the @entity2 group compared with those in the controls (P=0.004) whilst miR  -133 expression levels were not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.456). Both @entity5 and miR  -133 levels showed significant differences between the @entity4 and @entity3 groups (P=0.004 and P=0.046, respectively), and a significant decrease in @entity5 levels was observed in the @entity4 group as compared with the controls (P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the expression levels of miR  -133. By contrast, miR  -133 levels were significantly increased in the @entity3 group compared with those in the controls (P=0.024), whereas no statistically significant difference was observed in the expression levels of @entity5 . Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that 1/ @entity5 was significant for the evaluation of @entity1 . Additionally, @entity5 produced enhanced sensitivity and specificity for the evaluation of @entity4 compared with miR  -133, whereas miR  -133 was a better marker to assess @entity3 . This study demonstrated that miRNAs may be appropriate markers for pediatric @entity1 ; @entity5 levels were decreased in the @entity2 group compared with those in the healthy controls. Furthermore, @entity0 with @entity4 had lower @entity5 expression levels while those with @entity3 had higher miR  -133 expression levels.

title: Expression of circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-133 in pediatric @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Paroxysmal or persistent @entity1 in pediatric @entity0 is a common disease. Certain circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with @entity2 . The present study investigated miRNAs in the plasma of pediatric @entity0 with @entity1 . Forty pediatric subjects were included retrospectively: 24 with recurrent sustained @entity1 [seven cases of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and 17  cases of @entity4 ( @entity4 )] and 16  healthy controls. Circulating @entity5 and miR  -133 in the plasma were detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. @entity5 levels were significantly decreased in the @entity2 group compared with those in the controls (P=0.004) whilst miR  -133 expression levels were not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.456). Both @entity5 and miR  -133 levels showed significant differences between the @entity4 and @entity3 groups (P=0.004 and P=0.046, respectively), and a significant decrease in @entity5 levels was observed in the @entity4 group as compared with the controls (P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the expression levels of miR  -133. By contrast, miR  -133 levels were significantly increased in the @entity3 group compared with those in the controls (P=0.024), whereas no statistically significant difference was observed in the expression levels of @entity5 . Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that 1/ @entity5 was significant for the evaluation of @entity1 . Additionally, @entity5 produced enhanced sensitivity and specificity for the evaluation of @entity4 compared with miR  -133, whereas miR  -133 was a better marker to assess @entity3 . This study demonstrated that miRNAs may be appropriate markers for pediatric @entity1 ; @entity5 levels were decreased in the @entity2 group compared with those in the healthy controls. Furthermore, @entity0 with @entity4 had lower @entity5 expression levels while those with @entity3 had higher miR  -133 expression levels.

title: Expression of circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-133 in pediatric XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: It has been suggested that @entity1 depletion can alter cardiovascular reflexes and vascular sensitivity to pressors. To define the effects of @entity2 on the hemodynamic response to volume depletion in the setting of @entity3 , isolated ultrafiltration was performed in acutely uremic @entity0 previously rendered hyponatremic (127 + 2.5 [SD] mEq/L) for 72 hours by dialyzing against a low- @entity1 dialysate. Response was compared with that of the same animals in the normonatremic (150 +/- 3.6 mEq/L) condition. Animals in the hyponatremic and normonatremic states had similar initial values of blood volume (hyponatremic 2284 +/- 338 ml, normonatremic 2306 +/- 372 ml, P not significant), mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance, but preultrafiltration body weight in the hyponatremic state was greater (hyponatremic 26.1 +/- 2.4 kg, normonatremic 24.6 +/- 1.7 kg, P less than 0.05). Isolated ultrafiltration was performed until a 30% fall in mean arterial pressure occurred. Body weight at the end of ultrafiltration in the hyponatremic state was still higher (24.7 +/- 2.4 kg) than in the normonatremic state (22.9 +/- 1.5 kg, P less than 0.05). At the end of ultrafiltration, similar values of blood volume (hyponatremic 1871 + 329 ml, normonatremic 1821 +/- 267, P not significant) cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance were again found. The results suggest that, in this model, @entity2 is associated with an alteration in the relationship between body water and blood volume. The excess body water is difficult to remove by isolated ultrafiltration because blood volume depletion ensues at a higher body weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of XXXX on response to volume depletion in uremic @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: It has been suggested that @entity1 depletion can alter cardiovascular reflexes and vascular sensitivity to pressors. To define the effects of @entity2 on the hemodynamic response to volume depletion in the setting of @entity3 , isolated ultrafiltration was performed in acutely uremic @entity0 previously rendered hyponatremic (127 + 2.5 [SD] mEq/L) for 72 hours by dialyzing against a low- @entity1 dialysate. Response was compared with that of the same animals in the normonatremic (150 +/- 3.6 mEq/L) condition. Animals in the hyponatremic and normonatremic states had similar initial values of blood volume (hyponatremic 2284 +/- 338 ml, normonatremic 2306 +/- 372 ml, P not significant), mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance, but preultrafiltration body weight in the hyponatremic state was greater (hyponatremic 26.1 +/- 2.4 kg, normonatremic 24.6 +/- 1.7 kg, P less than 0.05). Isolated ultrafiltration was performed until a 30% fall in mean arterial pressure occurred. Body weight at the end of ultrafiltration in the hyponatremic state was still higher (24.7 +/- 2.4 kg) than in the normonatremic state (22.9 +/- 1.5 kg, P less than 0.05). At the end of ultrafiltration, similar values of blood volume (hyponatremic 1871 + 329 ml, normonatremic 1821 +/- 267, P not significant) cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance were again found. The results suggest that, in this model, @entity2 is associated with an alteration in the relationship between body water and blood volume. The excess body water is difficult to remove by isolated ultrafiltration because blood volume depletion ensues at a higher body weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of @entity2 on response to volume depletion in uremic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cryotherapy is the most common non-pharmacological @entity2 -relieving method. The aim of this pilot study was to ascertain whether intranasal evaporative cooling may be an effective intervention in an acute @entity4 attack. Studies have previously demonstrated effectiveness of a variety of cryotherapy approaches. Intranasal evaporative cooling due to @entity3 from nasal and paranasal mucous membranes to the dura mater, thereby providing an excellent anatomical basis for the cooling processes. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, open-label, observational, pilot study. Twenty-eight @entity0 who satisfied the International Classification of @entity5 (ICHD 2) diagnostic criteria for @entity4 were recruited. A total of 20 treatments were administered in 15 @entity0 . All @entity0 provided @entity2 severity scores and @entity4 severity scores (based on a 0-10 visual analogue scale, [VAS]). RESULTS: Out of the 20 treatments, intranasal evaporative cooling rendered @entity0 ' @entity2 and symptoms free immediately after treatment, in 8 of the treatments (40%), a further 10 treatments (50%) resulted in partial @entity2 relief ( @entity1 reduced from severe or moderate to mild) and partial symptoms relief. At 2 hours, 9 treatments (45%) provided full @entity2 and symptoms relief, with a further 9 treatments (45%) resulting in partial @entity2 and symptoms relief. At 24 hours, 10 treatments (50%) resulted in @entity0 reporting @entity2 and symptom freedom and 3 (15%) provided partial @entity2 relief. In summary 13 @entity0 (87%) had benefit from the treatment within 2 hours that was sustained at 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Intranasal evaporative cooling gave considerable benefit to @entity0 with @entity4 , improving @entity1 severity and @entity4 . A further randomised, placebo controlled, double blinded, parallel clinical trial is required to further investigate the potential of this application.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov registered trial, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01898455.

title: Therapeutic effect of intranasal evaporative cooling in @entity0 with XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cryotherapy is the most common non-pharmacological @entity2 -relieving method. The aim of this pilot study was to ascertain whether intranasal evaporative cooling may be an effective intervention in an acute @entity4 attack. Studies have previously demonstrated effectiveness of a variety of cryotherapy approaches. Intranasal evaporative cooling due to @entity3 from nasal and paranasal mucous membranes to the dura mater, thereby providing an excellent anatomical basis for the cooling processes. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, open-label, observational, pilot study. Twenty-eight @entity0 who satisfied the International Classification of @entity5 (ICHD 2) diagnostic criteria for @entity4 were recruited. A total of 20 treatments were administered in 15 @entity0 . All @entity0 provided @entity2 severity scores and @entity4 severity scores (based on a 0-10 visual analogue scale, [VAS]). RESULTS: Out of the 20 treatments, intranasal evaporative cooling rendered @entity0 ' @entity2 and symptoms free immediately after treatment, in 8 of the treatments (40%), a further 10 treatments (50%) resulted in partial @entity2 relief ( @entity1 reduced from severe or moderate to mild) and partial symptoms relief. At 2 hours, 9 treatments (45%) provided full @entity2 and symptoms relief, with a further 9 treatments (45%) resulting in partial @entity2 and symptoms relief. At 24 hours, 10 treatments (50%) resulted in @entity0 reporting @entity2 and symptom freedom and 3 (15%) provided partial @entity2 relief. In summary 13 @entity0 (87%) had benefit from the treatment within 2 hours that was sustained at 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Intranasal evaporative cooling gave considerable benefit to @entity0 with @entity4 , improving @entity1 severity and @entity4 . A further randomised, placebo controlled, double blinded, parallel clinical trial is required to further investigate the potential of this application.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov registered trial, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01898455.

title: Therapeutic effect of intranasal evaporative cooling in XXXX with @entity4 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The International Conference on Harmonization considers older @entity0 a 'special population', as they differ from younger adults in terms of comorbidity, polypharmacy, pharmacokinetics and greater vulnerability to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Medical practice is often based on single disease guidelines derived from clinical trials that have not included frail older @entity0 or those with multiple morbidities. This presents a challenge caring for older @entity0 , as drug doses in trials may not be achievable in real world @entity0 and risks of @entity2 are underestimated in clinical trial populations. The majority of @entity2 in older @entity0 are Type A, potentially avoidable and associated with commonly prescribed medications. Several @entity2 are particularly associated with major adverse consequences in the elderly and their reduction is therefore a clinical priority. Falls are strongly associated with @entity6 , neuroleptics, antidepressants and antihypertensives. There is good evidence for medication review as part of a multifactorial intervention to reduce falls risk in community dwelling elderly. Multiple medications also contribute to @entity5 , another @entity4 resulting in excess mortality particularly in frail older @entity0 . @entity7 associated with use of broad spectrum antibiotics mainly affects frail older @entity0 and results in prolonged hospital stay with substantial morbidity and mortality. Antipsychotics increase the risk of @entity1 by more than three-fold in @entity0 with @entity3 . Inappropriate prescribing can be reduced by adherence to prescribing guidelines, suitable monitoring and regular medication review. Given the heterogeneity within the older population, providing individualized care is pivotal to preventing @entity2 .

title: XXXX in special populations - the elderly.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A monoclonal antibody, 4D7, obtained with embryonic @entity1 brain as an immunogen, recognizes an epitope on 3 protein species of 150-160, 100-110, and 80 kDa, present in @entity0 and @entity1 brain during the fetal period. Vital immunostaining of dissociated cultures of fetal forebrain indicates that the antigen is localized largely on the external plasma membrane of a subpopulation of neurites. Immunocytochemistry reveals that the distribution of the antigen in vivo is restricted to the nervous system. Immunoreactivity is concentrated primarily in the pathways of a limited set of CNS and PNS axon systems during early stages of their development, as delineated by staining with the neurofilament antibody, C2. Depending on the particular axon system, immunoreactivity with 4D7 persists only for one to several days of prenatal or perinatal development. In the spinal cord, stage-specific-neurite-associated proteins (SNAP) expression occurs first along motor axon pathways on embryonic day (E) 10 and then within the nerve trunks of dorsal root ganglia and the commissural fiber system on E11. Immunoreactivity is detectable among most @entity2 starting in the interval from E11 to E13. Within the brain, the onset of SNAP expression within several discrete axon tracts occurs in the interval E14-16, including the lateral olfactory tract, anterior commissure, corpus callosum, fasciculus retroflexus, and fornix. Immunoreactivity within the embryonic intermediate zones of some structures matches the location of certain other axon systems. Sites of 4D7 staining which do not correspond to the location of axon populations include the internal portion of the external granular layer of the postnatal cerebellum and the cortex of the reeler mutant @entity0 . The predominant localization of the 4D7 antigen among axon systems and its precisely regulated spatio-temporal pattern of expression are consistent with the possibility that the SNAP antigens play a significant role in the early stages of growth of axonal tracts in vivo.

title: Distribution of stage-specific neurite-associated proteins in the developing XXXX nervous system recognized by a monoclonal antibody.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs which regulate post-transcriptionally hundreds of target mRNAs. Given that their expression is deregulated in several @entity0 types, they represent potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, as well as next-generation therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, the involvement of miRNAs in @entity4 , a @entity0 type with increasing prevalence, is not extensively studied, and their comprehensive characterization as regard to the initiation, promotion, and progression stages is missing. To this end, we exploited a well-established multistage @entity1 @entity2 model in order to identify miRNAs consistently implicated in different stages of @entity2 . The cell lines comprising this model were subjected to miRNA expression profiling using microarrays, followed by bioinformatics analysis and validation with Q-PCR, as well as treatment with miRNA modulators. We showed that among all deregulated miRNAs in our system, only a functionally coherent group consisting of the miR-200 family members and @entity7 -5p displays a pattern of progressive co-downregulation from the early toward the most @entity3 stages of @entity2 . Their overlapping, co-regulated putative targets are potentially inter-associated and, of these, the @entity6 -related @entity5 is overexpressed toward @entity3 stages. Ectopic expression of @entity7 -5p in spindle @entity0 cells reduces @entity5 , mitigates cell invasiveness, decreases proliferation, and delays @entity0 onset. We conclude that deregulation of this miRNA group is primarily associated with @entity3 phenotypes of @entity4 cells. Restoration of the @entity7 -5p member of this group in spindle cells reduces the expression of critical, co-regulated targets that favor @entity0 progression, thus reversing the @entity6 characteristics.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Progression of @entity1 XXXX is associated with the orchestrated deregulation of miR-200 family members, @entity7 and their common targets.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs which regulate post-transcriptionally hundreds of target mRNAs. Given that their expression is deregulated in several @entity0 types, they represent potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, as well as next-generation therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, the involvement of miRNAs in @entity4 , a @entity0 type with increasing prevalence, is not extensively studied, and their comprehensive characterization as regard to the initiation, promotion, and progression stages is missing. To this end, we exploited a well-established multistage @entity1 @entity2 model in order to identify miRNAs consistently implicated in different stages of @entity2 . The cell lines comprising this model were subjected to miRNA expression profiling using microarrays, followed by bioinformatics analysis and validation with Q-PCR, as well as treatment with miRNA modulators. We showed that among all deregulated miRNAs in our system, only a functionally coherent group consisting of the miR-200 family members and @entity7 -5p displays a pattern of progressive co-downregulation from the early toward the most @entity3 stages of @entity2 . Their overlapping, co-regulated putative targets are potentially inter-associated and, of these, the @entity6 -related @entity5 is overexpressed toward @entity3 stages. Ectopic expression of @entity7 -5p in spindle @entity0 cells reduces @entity5 , mitigates cell invasiveness, decreases proliferation, and delays @entity0 onset. We conclude that deregulation of this miRNA group is primarily associated with @entity3 phenotypes of @entity4 cells. Restoration of the @entity7 -5p member of this group in spindle cells reduces the expression of critical, co-regulated targets that favor @entity0 progression, thus reversing the @entity6 characteristics.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Progression of @entity1 @entity2 is associated with the orchestrated deregulation of miR-200 family members, XXXX and their common targets.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs which regulate post-transcriptionally hundreds of target mRNAs. Given that their expression is deregulated in several @entity0 types, they represent potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, as well as next-generation therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, the involvement of miRNAs in @entity4 , a @entity0 type with increasing prevalence, is not extensively studied, and their comprehensive characterization as regard to the initiation, promotion, and progression stages is missing. To this end, we exploited a well-established multistage @entity1 @entity2 model in order to identify miRNAs consistently implicated in different stages of @entity2 . The cell lines comprising this model were subjected to miRNA expression profiling using microarrays, followed by bioinformatics analysis and validation with Q-PCR, as well as treatment with miRNA modulators. We showed that among all deregulated miRNAs in our system, only a functionally coherent group consisting of the miR-200 family members and @entity7 -5p displays a pattern of progressive co-downregulation from the early toward the most @entity3 stages of @entity2 . Their overlapping, co-regulated putative targets are potentially inter-associated and, of these, the @entity6 -related @entity5 is overexpressed toward @entity3 stages. Ectopic expression of @entity7 -5p in spindle @entity0 cells reduces @entity5 , mitigates cell invasiveness, decreases proliferation, and delays @entity0 onset. We conclude that deregulation of this miRNA group is primarily associated with @entity3 phenotypes of @entity4 cells. Restoration of the @entity7 -5p member of this group in spindle cells reduces the expression of critical, co-regulated targets that favor @entity0 progression, thus reversing the @entity6 characteristics.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Progression of XXXX @entity2 is associated with the orchestrated deregulation of miR-200 family members, @entity7 and their common targets.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Lung metastasis is a frequent @entity0 complication resulting in significant mortality. This study evaluates the effect of @entity2 and cytoxan alone and in combination on lung metastases in @entity1 challenged with @entity3 3924A. Seventy-seven male American @entity0 Institute (ACI) @entity1 weighing 200 g were studied. Thirty-seven @entity1 received @entity2 orally for six days, which resulted in a prothrombin time 2 times that of controls (30 sec). All @entity1 received 1 X 10(5) clumped @entity3 cells via tail vein injection. Animals were divided into four groups: Group I (controls, n = 20) received no antitumor treatment; group II @entity1 (n = 20) received 25 mg/kg cytoxan intraperitoneally at the time of @entity0 challenge; group III animals (n = 19) received @entity2 alone; while group IV (n = 18) received both @entity2 and cytoxan. @entity1 were evaluated for number of lung metastases and lung weight at 3 weeks postinjection. Data was subjected to statistical analysis by the Student's test. The mean number of lung metastases were 580 +/- 45 in group I, 350 +/- 310 in group II, 330 +/- 263 in group III, and 200 +/- 161 in group IV (P less than .005 [IV] v [I], P less than .05 [IV] v [II], [III]), (P less than .05 [II] v [I]), (P less than .05 [III] v [I]). Mean lung weights were 2.597 g +/- 1.65 in group I, 2.049 g +/- 0.75 in group II, 1.898 g +/- 0.80 in group III, and 1,677 g +/- 0.31 in group IV. (P less than .025 [IV] v [I], P less than .05 [IV] v [II]).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Synergistic effect of XXXX and cytoxan in reducing lung metastases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, @entity2 -node- @entity1 stage and histologic type are the established prognostic factors for @entity4 , whereas no prognostic markers have been established for clinical practice. We investigated the prognostic value of @entity3 , a metalloproteinase that can promote @entity2 through enzymatic degradation and intracellular signaling crosstalk, in @entity4 . METHODS: @entity3 immunostaining was performed for 176 cases of @entity4 (epithelioid, 148; biphasic, 14; sarcomatoid, 14), and its expression was dichotomized as negative (no staining) or positive (any staining). Epithelioid @entity2 were classified as pleomorphic subtype when cytologic pleomorphism was >= 10  % of the @entity2 . Overall survival (OS) was analyzed by log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Tumoral @entity3 expression was identified in 42  % of epithelioid @entity2 , 57  % of epithelioid @entity2 , 79  % of @entity2 , and 93  % of @entity2 (p  <  0.001). Positive @entity3 expression was correlated with higher mitotic count (p  =  0.002). Overall survival for @entity0 with positive @entity3 expression was significantly shorter than that for @entity0 with negative @entity3 expression in all @entity0 (p  =  0.001) and in @entity0 with epithelioid @entity2 (p  =  0.04). On multivariate analysis, @entity3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for all @entity0 (hazard ratio 1.48; p  =  0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Tumoral @entity3 expression correlated with aggressive histologic types and higher mitotic activity and is an independent prognostic factor for @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Tumoral XXXX Expression Correlates with Aggressive Histology and Prognosis in @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, @entity2 -node- @entity1 stage and histologic type are the established prognostic factors for @entity4 , whereas no prognostic markers have been established for clinical practice. We investigated the prognostic value of @entity3 , a metalloproteinase that can promote @entity2 through enzymatic degradation and intracellular signaling crosstalk, in @entity4 . METHODS: @entity3 immunostaining was performed for 176 cases of @entity4 (epithelioid, 148; biphasic, 14; sarcomatoid, 14), and its expression was dichotomized as negative (no staining) or positive (any staining). Epithelioid @entity2 were classified as pleomorphic subtype when cytologic pleomorphism was >= 10  % of the @entity2 . Overall survival (OS) was analyzed by log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Tumoral @entity3 expression was identified in 42  % of epithelioid @entity2 , 57  % of epithelioid @entity2 , 79  % of @entity2 , and 93  % of @entity2 (p  <  0.001). Positive @entity3 expression was correlated with higher mitotic count (p  =  0.002). Overall survival for @entity0 with positive @entity3 expression was significantly shorter than that for @entity0 with negative @entity3 expression in all @entity0 (p  =  0.001) and in @entity0 with epithelioid @entity2 (p  =  0.04). On multivariate analysis, @entity3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for all @entity0 (hazard ratio 1.48; p  =  0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Tumoral @entity3 expression correlated with aggressive histologic types and higher mitotic activity and is an independent prognostic factor for @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Tumoral @entity3 Expression Correlates with Aggressive Histology and Prognosis in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, @entity2 -node- @entity1 stage and histologic type are the established prognostic factors for @entity4 , whereas no prognostic markers have been established for clinical practice. We investigated the prognostic value of @entity3 , a metalloproteinase that can promote @entity2 through enzymatic degradation and intracellular signaling crosstalk, in @entity4 . METHODS: @entity3 immunostaining was performed for 176 cases of @entity4 (epithelioid, 148; biphasic, 14; sarcomatoid, 14), and its expression was dichotomized as negative (no staining) or positive (any staining). Epithelioid @entity2 were classified as pleomorphic subtype when cytologic pleomorphism was >= 10  % of the @entity2 . Overall survival (OS) was analyzed by log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Tumoral @entity3 expression was identified in 42  % of epithelioid @entity2 , 57  % of epithelioid @entity2 , 79  % of @entity2 , and 93  % of @entity2 (p  <  0.001). Positive @entity3 expression was correlated with higher mitotic count (p  =  0.002). Overall survival for @entity0 with positive @entity3 expression was significantly shorter than that for @entity0 with negative @entity3 expression in all @entity0 (p  =  0.001) and in @entity0 with epithelioid @entity2 (p  =  0.04). On multivariate analysis, @entity3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for all @entity0 (hazard ratio 1.48; p  =  0.019). CONCLUSIONS: Tumoral @entity3 expression correlated with aggressive histologic types and higher mitotic activity and is an independent prognostic factor for @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Tumoral @entity3 Expression Correlates with Aggressive Histology and Prognosis in XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Twelve @entity1 , each prepared with a rumen @entity0 , were divided into three groups of four and fed three dietary levels of @entity2 (22,300, and 3000 micrograms/g dry matter) for 11 weeks. The @entity1 were then dosed with radioactive @entity2 and samples of rumen contents were taken via the rumen @entity0 at 1, 7, and 13 h after dosing. The @entity1 were immediately killed after the last sampling and total rumen contents were mixed and sampled. Rumen fluid was separated frm all samples and fractionated by centrifugation into protozoa plus plant particles, bacteria, and cell-free fraction. The bacterial cells were disrupted and fractionated into cell walls and cytoplasm. The cytoplasmic protein was precipitated with @entity3 . Although the centration of radiomanganese in rumen fluid decreased with time after dosing from 14.4--17.8 to 6.1--9.3% of dose/L the protozoal and bacterial uptakes of radiomanganese were not significantly different and ranged from 26.5 to 40.6% and 18.9 to 31.7% of total in the rumen fluid, respectively. There was also no effect of dietary concentration of @entity2 on the uptake and distribution of radiomanganese in the rumen fluid fractions. However, on the average more radiomanganese was found in the bacterial cell walls (48.1--75.3% of total in bacteria) and less in the cytoplasm (51.9--24.7% of total in bacteria) with increasing dietary @entity2 . Very little radioactivity was found in the @entity3 precipitated cytoplasm (1.79--0.78% of total in cytoplasm). concentrations of @entity2 in the bacteria and bacterial cell walls were higher than, and closely related with, those in the diet. Specific activities of radiomanganese decreased in all fractions with increasing dietary @entity2 . Approximately 15--17% of the total radiomanganese in the rumen contents at 13 h after dosing was found in the protozoal fraction and 10--15% was found in the bacterial fraction; only approximately 21% of the radiomanganese remained in cell-free fraction of the rumen fluid in each dietary treatment.

title: Distribution of radiomanganese in the rumen of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BackgroundUterine @entity4 is the most common gynecological @entity1 in the reproductive years. However, it is extremely rare in adolescence (<1%), with few reports found in the literature. The biological behavior of such @entity1 in this age group is unknown, as well as the best possible treatment for this population. We aimed to analyze all available reports of uterine @entity4 in adolescence.MethodsA systematic review was performed at PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE. Between 1965 and 2014, 19 reports were found on uterine @entity4 in @entity0 under 18  years. The following parameters were discussed: age, @entity1 diameter, symptoms, clinical treatments, surgical treatments, hemodynamic changes.ResultsMean age was 15.35 (14  17) years. Mean @entity1 diameter was 12.28  cm (3  30) and median diameter was 10  cm. Most @entity0 presented with symptoms (87.5%), including abnormal uterine bleeding (10/18) and @entity3 (6/18). A pelvic mass was the most common finding. Two @entity0 required transfusion due to @entity2 . One @entity0 underwent abdominal hysterectomy, and the others underwent myomectomy. Mean follow-up was 1  year and 8  months, and only case recurred, after 6  months.ConclusionLeiomyomas   biologic behavior in adolescents may be different from that of older @entity0 , but their molecular characteristics still haven  t been analyzed. Optimal treatment is still not defined, but myomectomy has several advantages in this population. @entity4 must be remembered as an important differential diagnosis of pelvic mass in adolescents.

title: Presentation and treatment of uterine XXXX in adolescence: a systematic review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Thailand, @entity5 is a common @entity2 that affects the function of the upper extremity. The current treatments focus mainly on improving the motor and sensory function. Apart from the motor and sensory deficit, these @entity0 usually suffer from @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors that relate to @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: We collected data from March 2008 to July 2011. The @entity6 Questionnaire was used to diagnose @entity1 in 95 @entity0 . RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity1 was as high as 76%. Majority of @entity0 presented with @entity4 to pin prick, @entity4 to touch and @entity4 . Severity of @entity1 was significantly correlated with the type of @entity5 . There was no difference between demographic characteristics of @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the prevalence of @entity1 was high in brachial plexus injured @entity0 . Therefore, surgeons should be aware of this common, yet underestimated, problem in brachial plexus injured @entity0 .

title: XXXX in @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Thailand, @entity5 is a common @entity2 that affects the function of the upper extremity. The current treatments focus mainly on improving the motor and sensory function. Apart from the motor and sensory deficit, these @entity0 usually suffer from @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors that relate to @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: We collected data from March 2008 to July 2011. The @entity6 Questionnaire was used to diagnose @entity1 in 95 @entity0 . RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity1 was as high as 76%. Majority of @entity0 presented with @entity4 to pin prick, @entity4 to touch and @entity4 . Severity of @entity1 was significantly correlated with the type of @entity5 . There was no difference between demographic characteristics of @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the prevalence of @entity1 was high in brachial plexus injured @entity0 . Therefore, surgeons should be aware of this common, yet underestimated, problem in brachial plexus injured @entity0 .

title: @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of serum lipids, @entity1 and seropositivity on @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: The incidence of hospitalised @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity2 was calculated in a cohort of @entity0 with @entity5 receiving care within the national Veterans Health Administration from 1998 to 2011. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between these outcomes and low-density lipoprotein @entity3 (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein @entity3 (HDL-C), @entity7 (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as time-varying variables, divided into quintiles. RESULTS: There were 37   568 @entity0 with @entity5 in the cohort with mean age of 63   years (SD 12.1); 90% were @entity0 . There was a no clear association between LDL-C and @entity4 / @entity2 . Compared with lower HDL-C (<34   mg/dL), higher HDL-C (>= 54   mg/dL) was inversely associated with @entity6 (hazard ratio (HR)=0.68, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.85) and @entity2 (HR=0.69, 95% CI 0.50 to  0.96). Higher CRP >2.17   mg/dL (vs CRP <0.26   mg/dL) was associated with increased risk (HR=2.43, 95% CI 1.77 to  3.33) for @entity6 and 2.02 (95% CI 1.32 to 3.08) for @entity2 . ESR >47   mm/h compared with <8   mm/h had an HR 1.87 (95% CI 1.39 to  2.52) for @entity6 and 2.00 (95% CI 1.26 to 3.18) for @entity2 . The association between @entity6 was significant for @entity5 seropositivity (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). CONCLUSIONS: In this predominantly older male @entity5 cohort, there was no clear association between LDL-C and @entity4 , whereas higher HDL-C was inversely associated with @entity6 and @entity2 . CRP and ESR were similarly associated with increase @entity6 risk and @entity2 , reflecting the prominent role of @entity1 in @entity4 risk in @entity5 .

title: Association of hyperlipidaemia, @entity1 and serological status and @entity4 among @entity0 with XXXX : data from the National Veterans Health Administration.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of serum lipids, @entity1 and seropositivity on @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: The incidence of hospitalised @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity2 was calculated in a cohort of @entity0 with @entity5 receiving care within the national Veterans Health Administration from 1998 to 2011. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between these outcomes and low-density lipoprotein @entity3 (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein @entity3 (HDL-C), @entity7 (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as time-varying variables, divided into quintiles. RESULTS: There were 37   568 @entity0 with @entity5 in the cohort with mean age of 63   years (SD 12.1); 90% were @entity0 . There was a no clear association between LDL-C and @entity4 / @entity2 . Compared with lower HDL-C (<34   mg/dL), higher HDL-C (>= 54   mg/dL) was inversely associated with @entity6 (hazard ratio (HR)=0.68, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.85) and @entity2 (HR=0.69, 95% CI 0.50 to  0.96). Higher CRP >2.17   mg/dL (vs CRP <0.26   mg/dL) was associated with increased risk (HR=2.43, 95% CI 1.77 to  3.33) for @entity6 and 2.02 (95% CI 1.32 to 3.08) for @entity2 . ESR >47   mm/h compared with <8   mm/h had an HR 1.87 (95% CI 1.39 to  2.52) for @entity6 and 2.00 (95% CI 1.26 to 3.18) for @entity2 . The association between @entity6 was significant for @entity5 seropositivity (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). CONCLUSIONS: In this predominantly older male @entity5 cohort, there was no clear association between LDL-C and @entity4 , whereas higher HDL-C was inversely associated with @entity6 and @entity2 . CRP and ESR were similarly associated with increase @entity6 risk and @entity2 , reflecting the prominent role of @entity1 in @entity4 risk in @entity5 .

title: Association of hyperlipidaemia, @entity1 and serological status and XXXX among @entity0 with @entity5 : data from the National Veterans Health Administration.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of serum lipids, @entity1 and seropositivity on @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: The incidence of hospitalised @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity2 was calculated in a cohort of @entity0 with @entity5 receiving care within the national Veterans Health Administration from 1998 to 2011. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between these outcomes and low-density lipoprotein @entity3 (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein @entity3 (HDL-C), @entity7 (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as time-varying variables, divided into quintiles. RESULTS: There were 37   568 @entity0 with @entity5 in the cohort with mean age of 63   years (SD 12.1); 90% were @entity0 . There was a no clear association between LDL-C and @entity4 / @entity2 . Compared with lower HDL-C (<34   mg/dL), higher HDL-C (>= 54   mg/dL) was inversely associated with @entity6 (hazard ratio (HR)=0.68, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.85) and @entity2 (HR=0.69, 95% CI 0.50 to  0.96). Higher CRP >2.17   mg/dL (vs CRP <0.26   mg/dL) was associated with increased risk (HR=2.43, 95% CI 1.77 to  3.33) for @entity6 and 2.02 (95% CI 1.32 to 3.08) for @entity2 . ESR >47   mm/h compared with <8   mm/h had an HR 1.87 (95% CI 1.39 to  2.52) for @entity6 and 2.00 (95% CI 1.26 to 3.18) for @entity2 . The association between @entity6 was significant for @entity5 seropositivity (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). CONCLUSIONS: In this predominantly older male @entity5 cohort, there was no clear association between LDL-C and @entity4 , whereas higher HDL-C was inversely associated with @entity6 and @entity2 . CRP and ESR were similarly associated with increase @entity6 risk and @entity2 , reflecting the prominent role of @entity1 in @entity4 risk in @entity5 .

title: Association of hyperlipidaemia, XXXX and serological status and @entity4 among @entity0 with @entity5 : data from the National Veterans Health Administration.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of serum lipids, @entity1 and seropositivity on @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: The incidence of hospitalised @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity2 was calculated in a cohort of @entity0 with @entity5 receiving care within the national Veterans Health Administration from 1998 to 2011. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between these outcomes and low-density lipoprotein @entity3 (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein @entity3 (HDL-C), @entity7 (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as time-varying variables, divided into quintiles. RESULTS: There were 37   568 @entity0 with @entity5 in the cohort with mean age of 63   years (SD 12.1); 90% were @entity0 . There was a no clear association between LDL-C and @entity4 / @entity2 . Compared with lower HDL-C (<34   mg/dL), higher HDL-C (>= 54   mg/dL) was inversely associated with @entity6 (hazard ratio (HR)=0.68, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.85) and @entity2 (HR=0.69, 95% CI 0.50 to  0.96). Higher CRP >2.17   mg/dL (vs CRP <0.26   mg/dL) was associated with increased risk (HR=2.43, 95% CI 1.77 to  3.33) for @entity6 and 2.02 (95% CI 1.32 to 3.08) for @entity2 . ESR >47   mm/h compared with <8   mm/h had an HR 1.87 (95% CI 1.39 to  2.52) for @entity6 and 2.00 (95% CI 1.26 to 3.18) for @entity2 . The association between @entity6 was significant for @entity5 seropositivity (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). CONCLUSIONS: In this predominantly older male @entity5 cohort, there was no clear association between LDL-C and @entity4 , whereas higher HDL-C was inversely associated with @entity6 and @entity2 . CRP and ESR were similarly associated with increase @entity6 risk and @entity2 , reflecting the prominent role of @entity1 in @entity4 risk in @entity5 .

title: Association of hyperlipidaemia, @entity1 and serological status and @entity4 among XXXX with @entity5 : data from the National Veterans Health Administration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Biomarkers are frequently used to estimate @entity5 ( @entity5 ) as an endpoint in experimental and clinical studies. Here, we prospectively studied the impact of left ventricular (LV) @entity4 (LVH) on biomarker release in clinical and experimental @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 (n=140) were monitored for total @entity2 kinase (CK) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) over 72 hours postinfarction and were examined by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) at 1 week and 6 months postinfarction. @entity1 was generated in @entity6 with induced LVH (n=10) and in sham-operated @entity6 (n=8), and serial total CK and @entity7 measurements were performed and CMR scans conducted at 7 days postinfarction. Regression analysis was used to study the influence of LVH on total CK and @entity7 release and @entity5 estimated by CMR (gold standard). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to study the discriminatory capacity of the area under the curve (AUC) of @entity7 and total CK in predicting @entity3 . Cardiomyocyte @entity7 expression was quantified in myocardial sections from LVH and sham-operated @entity6 . In both the clinical and experimental studies, LVH was associated with significantly higher peak and AUC of @entity7 , but not with differences in total CK. ROC curves showed that the discriminatory capacity of AUC of @entity7 to predict @entity3 was significantly worse for @entity0 with LVH. LVH did not affect the capacity of total CK to estimate @entity5 or @entity3 . Immunofluorescence analysis revealed significantly higher @entity7 content in @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Peak and AUC of @entity7 both significantly overestimate @entity5 in the presence of LVH, owing to the higher troponin content per cardiomyocyte. In the setting of LVH, @entity7 release during @entity1 poorly predicts postinfarction @entity3 . LV mass should be taken into consideration when @entity5 or LV function are estimated by troponin release.

title: Impact of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy on Troponin Release During XXXX : New Insights From a Comprehensive Translational Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this prospective study was to report the long-term risks of @entity2 cuff @entity3 and symptom progression associated with degenerative asymptomatic tears. METHODS: Subjects with an asymptomatic @entity2 cuff tear in one shoulder and @entity1 due to @entity2 cuff disease in the contralateral shoulder enrolled as part of a prospective longitudinal study. Two hundred and twenty-four subjects (118 initial full-thickness tears, fifty-six initial partial-thickness tears, and fifty controls) were followed for a median of 5.1 years. Validated functional shoulder scores were calculated (visual analog @entity1 scale, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES], and simple shoulder test [SST] scores). Subjects were followed annually with shoulder ultrasonography and clinical evaluations. RESULTS: @entity3 was seen in 49% of the shoulders, and the median time to enlargement was 2.8 years. The occurrence of @entity3 was influenced by the severity of the final tear type, with enlargement of 61% of the full-thickness tears, 44% of the partial-thickness tears, and 14% of the controls (p < 0.05). Subject age and sex were not related to @entity3 . One hundred subjects (46%) developed new @entity1 . The final tear type was associated with a greater risk of @entity1 development, with the new @entity1 developing in 28% of the controls, 46% of the shoulders with a partial-thickness tear, and 50% of those with a full-thickness tear (p < 0.05). The presence of @entity3 was associated with the onset of new @entity1 (p < 0.05). Progressive degenerative changes of the supraspinatus muscle were associated with @entity3 , with supraspinatus @entity0 increasing in 4% of the shoulders with a stable tear compared with 30% of the shoulders with @entity3 (p < 0.05). Nine percent of the shoulders with a stable tear showed increased infraspinatus @entity0 compared with 28% of those in which the tear had enlarged (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the progressive nature of @entity2 . The risk of @entity3 and progression of @entity0 is greater for shoulders with a full-thickness tear, and @entity3 is associated with a greater risk of @entity1 development across all tear types. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: A prospective evaluation of survivorship of asymptomatic XXXX cuff tears.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gastrocnemius recession has emerged as a viable intervention for @entity0 with recalcitrant foot and @entity5 associated with @entity4 . The purpose of this case-control study was to investigate the effects of an isolated gastrocnemius recession on @entity1 , @entity0 -reported function, and strength in @entity0 with @entity2 and an @entity4 . METHODS: Thirteen @entity0 with @entity2 (mean age [and standard deviation], fifty-two    7.7 years) who received a gastrocnemius recession and ten matched-control subjects participated. A visual analog scale was used to assess @entity1 , and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure was used to evaluate @entity0 -reported function in activities of daily living and sports. @entity0 were asked about their satisfaction with the results of the gastrocnemius recession. @entity5 peak torque was assessed at 60  /sec and 120  /sec. Appropriate t tests were used to assess limb symmetry and strength differences between the groups. RESULTS: The mean duration of follow-up was eighteen months (range, twelve to twenty-eight months). Gastrocnemius recession provided significant @entity1 relief (mean preoperative visual analog scale score [and standard deviation], 6.8    1.8; mean follow-up visual analog scale score, 1.4    2.7; p < 0.05). Foot and Ankle Ability Measure outcomes showed between-group differences in activities of daily living (Achilles @entity2 group, 89.7; control group, 98.5; p = 0.05) and sports subscales (Achilles @entity2 group, 71.9; control group, 95.1; p = 0.05). The activities reported to be the most challenging included going up hills, climbing stairs, running, and jumping. Eleven of the thirteen @entity0 in the Achilles tendon group were satisfied with treatment. Side-to-side strength comparisons showed no differences at 60  /sec. Significant differences were observed at 120  /sec (Achilles @entity2 group, 21%; control group, 3%; p < 0.05); however, the involved limb reached a peak torque similar to that in the control limb. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated gastrocnemius recession provides significant and @entity3 . Good function can be expected for activities of daily living, but power and endurance activities were more problematic for the Achilles @entity2 group. Isokinetic strength assessment may not effectively capture @entity0 -reported functional deficits. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Isolated gastrocnemius recession for achilles XXXX : strength and functional outcomes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Intracranial @entity3 ( @entity3 ) from seven @entity0 were examined by immunostaining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cell culture. Positive staining for Factor VIII-related antigen was restricted to capillary endothelial cells. There was no reaction with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) serum or anti-S-100 protein serum. In these @entity1 TEM displayed extracellular basement membrane-like material (BMLM), cytoplasmic intermediate filaments (IF) associated with a dense body, dilated rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum containing BMLM, a small area of interdigitation of cell membranes, and a unique intercellular punctate or linear density. By SEM these @entity1 had intercellular shell-like or reticular structures and irregularly branched capillaries which were compressed by ellipsoidal- or @entity4 -shaped @entity1 cells. Short-term monolayer culture showed rapid and vigorous growth of @entity1 cells, and the formation of pseudolumens but not of whorls. The TEM of cultured cells also showed cytoplasmic IF associated with the dense body. By SEM the cultured cells were flat and had a discoid nucleus with conspicuous nucleolar hillocks. Our results show that @entity3 are mainly poorly specialized mesenchyme-related @entity1 of the meninges; some possess a potential for aggressive growth and some for differentiation into smooth muscle cells. Further study is needed to determine their histogenesis.

title: Analysis of XXXX by immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and cell culture.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The service setting has some unique strengths and weaknesses that must be kept in mind when organizing @entity4 ( @entity4 ) prevention interventions. METHODS: Following an initial study to gather data regarding @entity4 in the Surgical intensive care unit (ICU) we put into place various infection control interventions. The present study was carried out to analyse the effect of these interventions on the incidence of @entity4 in the ICU. RESULTS: The total admissions to the ICU were 253 @entity0 . Eighty eight @entity0 (34.78%) were admitted for more than 48  hr, 165 @entity0 stayed for less than 48  h. The frequency of @entity4 was 7.95% (95% CI 3.54, 15). @entity1 was observed in 2 of the 88 @entity0 (2.27%) (95% CI 0.38, 7.30) which amounted to 9.70 @entity2 per 1000 ventilator days. @entity2 was detected in 3 out of 88 @entity0 (3.4%) (95% CI 0.87, 8.99) amounting to 6.54 fresh @entity2 per 1000 Central Venous Catheter days. @entity3 was observed in 2 (2.27%) (95% CI 0.38, 7.30) at 2.86 fresh @entity2 per 1000 catheter days. As compared to the previous study we found that there was a decline of @entity4 ranging from 60 to 70%. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that by meticulously following infection control protocols especially tailored to the service setting the incidence of @entity4 's can be reduced. However, the challenge is in maintaining the gains achieved since there is a rapid turnover of manpower in the ICU and a lack of a structured ICU design model.

title: Control of hospital acquired XXXX in the ICU: A  service perspective.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is the leading inheritable cause of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and one of the leading causes of @entity2 overall. @entity1 @entity0 differ from the overall dialysis population; however, there is little published data regarding health care costs for @entity1 @entity0 on dialysis. METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study was designed to quantify health care utilization and costs for @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 who received initial services at a single large dialysis organization between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009. Parallel results and baseline @entity0 characteristics for control @entity0 with @entity2 etiologies other than @entity1 were performed for reference. Dialysis-related utilization and health care costs for @entity0 with @entity1 in @entity2 overall and during time horizons that correspond to Medicare-eligibility benchmarks were analyzed. Baseline @entity0 characteristics were described for all @entity0 and included demographics, comorbid illnesses, and clinical characteristics. Dialysis-related utilization, hospitalization rates, and health care costs were considered longitudinally. RESULTS: Total health care costs for @entity1 @entity0 were high at US 51,048 per @entity0 -year based on the overall analysis. Total health care costs were lower for @entity1 @entity0 than for control @entity0 on dialysis. @entity0 with @entity1 were generally younger, had a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index, and had lower rates of comorbid conditions, which may have contributed to the lower overall costs seen for @entity0 with @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Health care resource utilization and costs for @entity0 with @entity1 in @entity2 requiring dialysis were high, and therapeutic interventions that can prevent or delay the progression to @entity2 may increase dialysis-free life for @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: @entity2 in XXXX : a comparison of dialysis-related utilization and costs with other chronic kidney diseases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is the leading inheritable cause of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and one of the leading causes of @entity2 overall. @entity1 @entity0 differ from the overall dialysis population; however, there is little published data regarding health care costs for @entity1 @entity0 on dialysis. METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study was designed to quantify health care utilization and costs for @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 who received initial services at a single large dialysis organization between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009. Parallel results and baseline @entity0 characteristics for control @entity0 with @entity2 etiologies other than @entity1 were performed for reference. Dialysis-related utilization and health care costs for @entity0 with @entity1 in @entity2 overall and during time horizons that correspond to Medicare-eligibility benchmarks were analyzed. Baseline @entity0 characteristics were described for all @entity0 and included demographics, comorbid illnesses, and clinical characteristics. Dialysis-related utilization, hospitalization rates, and health care costs were considered longitudinally. RESULTS: Total health care costs for @entity1 @entity0 were high at US 51,048 per @entity0 -year based on the overall analysis. Total health care costs were lower for @entity1 @entity0 than for control @entity0 on dialysis. @entity0 with @entity1 were generally younger, had a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index, and had lower rates of comorbid conditions, which may have contributed to the lower overall costs seen for @entity0 with @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Health care resource utilization and costs for @entity0 with @entity1 in @entity2 requiring dialysis were high, and therapeutic interventions that can prevent or delay the progression to @entity2 may increase dialysis-free life for @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: XXXX in @entity1 : a comparison of dialysis-related utilization and costs with other chronic kidney diseases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Clinical evaluation of floaters lacks quantitative assessment of vitreous structure. This study used quantitative ultrasound (QUS) to measure vitreous opacities. Since floaters reduce @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and quality of life ( @entity2 [ @entity2 ]), it is hypothesized that QUS will correlate with @entity1 and @entity2 in @entity0 with floaters. METHODS: Twenty-two eyes (22 subjects; age = 57    19 years) with floaters were evaluated with Freiburg acuity contrast testing (FrACT; %Weber) and @entity2 . Ultrasonography used a customized probe (15-MHz center frequency, 20-mm focal length, 7-mm aperture) with longitudinal and transverse scans taken in primary gaze and a horizontal longitudinal scan through premacular vitreous in temporal gaze. Each scan set had 100 frames of log-compressed envelope data. Within each frame, two regions of interest (ROIs) were analyzed (whole-central and posterior vitreous) to yield three parameters (energy, E; mean amplitude, M; and percentage of vitreous filled by echodensities, @entity3 ) averaged over the entire 100-frame dataset. Statistical analyses evaluated E, M, and @entity3 correlations with @entity1 and @entity2 . RESULTS: Contrast sensitivity ranged from 1.19%W (normal) to 5.59%W. All QUS parameters in two scan positions within the whole-central ROI correlated with @entity1 (R > 0.67, P < 0.001). @entity3 in the nasal longitudinal position had R = 0.867 (P < 0.001). Correlations with @entity2 ranged from R = 0.52 (P < 0.013) to R = 0.65 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative ultrasound provides quantitative measures of vitreous echodensity that correlate with @entity1 and @entity2 , providing objective assessment of vitreous structure underlying the functional disturbances induced by floaters, useful to quantify vitreous disease severity and the response to therapy.

title: Ultrasound-based quantification of vitreous floaters correlates with XXXX and quality of life.

answer: @entity1


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: This paper provides significant ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants in Espiye in the Black Sea Region. Recording such data calls for urgency. This is the first ethnobotanical study in which statistical calculations about plants are carried out by means of FIC method in Northern (Espiye-Giresun) part of @entity1 . This study aims to identify the wild plants collected for medicinal purposes by locals of Espiye which is located in the Black Sea Region of @entity1 , and to identify the uses and local names of these wild plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A field study had been carried out for a period of approximately 2 years (2012-2014). During this period, information about medicinal use of 55 wild and 15 cultivated plants were collected. Demographic characteristics of @entity0 , names of the local plants, their utilized parts and preparation methods were investigated and recorded. Through face-to-face interviews, we identified and recorded demographic characteristics of the respondents. We interviewed 128 @entity0 who are over the age of 29. The plant taxa were collected within the scope of the study; and herbarium materials were prepared. In addition, the relative significance value of the taxa was determined, and informant consensus factor (FIC) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study. RESULTS: We have found out in the literature review of the plants included in our study that 70 plant taxa are already used for medicinal purposes while 3 plants are not available among the records in the literature. The most common families are Asteraceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, and Ericaceae. We include in our study and report for the first time the medicinal uses of Alchemilla crinita Buser, Stachys sylvatica L., and Thymus leucotrichus Hal. var. leucotrichus Hal. Names of local plants in @entity1 vary especially due to vernaculars. The plants that the locals of Espiye use are called with the same or different local names in various parts of Anatolia. CONCLUSION: We found out that locals living in the research area use for therapeutic purpose 70 plants taxa which belong to 36 families. Turkish citizens with different ethnic backgrounds took the questionnaire. These @entity0 use these wild plants in treatment of several diseases. Comparison of the data obtained in this study with the experimental data obtained in the previous laboratory studies on the wild plants which grow in Espiye proved ethnobotanical usages to a great extent. Literature review indicated that the therapeutic plants that grow in Espiye are used in different parts of the world for the treatment of similar diseases.

title: An ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants in Espiye and its surrounding (Giresun- XXXX ).

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Resective surgery is considered an effective treatment for refractory localization-related @entity1 . Most studies have reported @entity2 and psychosocial outcomes of 2-5years postsurgery and a few up to 10years. Our study aimed to assess long-term (up to 15years) postsurgical @entity2 and psychosocial outcomes at our @entity1 center. The Henry Ford Health System Corporate Data Store was accessed to identify @entity0 who had undergone surgical resection for localization-related @entity1 from 1993 to 2011. Demographics including age at @entity1 onset and surgery, @entity2 frequency before surgery, and pathology were gathered from electronic medical records. Phone surveys were conducted from May 2012 to January 2013 to determine @entity0 ' current @entity2 frequency and psychosocial metrics including driving and employment status and use of antidepressants. Surgical outcomes were based on Engel's classification (classes I and II=favorable outcomes). McNemar's tests, chi-square tests, two sample t-tests, and Wilcoxon two sample tests were used to analyze the relationships of psychosocial and surgical outcomes with demographic and surgical characteristics. A total of 470 @entity0 had resective @entity1 surgery, and of those, 50 (11%) had died since surgery. Of the remaining, 253 (60%) were contacted with mean follow-up of 10.6  5.0years (27% of @entity0 had follow-up of 15years or longer). Of the @entity0 surveyed, 32% were @entity2 -free and 75% had a favorable outcome (classes I and II). Favorable outcomes had significant associations with temporal resection (78% temporal vs 58% extratemporal, p=0.01) and when surgery was performed after scalp EEG only (85% vs 65%, p<0.001). Most importantly, favorable and @entity2 -free outcome rates remained stable after surgery over long-term follow-up [i.e., <5years (77%, 41%), 5-10years (67%, 29%), 10-15years (78%, 38%), and >15years (78%, 26%)]. Compared to before surgery, @entity0 at the time of the survey were more likely to be driving (51% vs 35%, p<0.001) and using antidepressants (30% vs 22%, p=0.013) but less likely to be working full-time (23% vs 42%, p<0.001). A large majority of @entity0 (92%) considered @entity1 surgery worthwhile regardless of the resection site, and this was associated with favorable outcomes (favorable=98% vs unfavorable=74%, p<0.001). The findings suggest that resective @entity1 surgery yields favorable long-term postoperative @entity2 and psychosocial outcomes.

title: Long-term XXXX and psychosocial outcomes after resective surgery for intractable @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Resective surgery is considered an effective treatment for refractory localization-related @entity1 . Most studies have reported @entity2 and psychosocial outcomes of 2-5years postsurgery and a few up to 10years. Our study aimed to assess long-term (up to 15years) postsurgical @entity2 and psychosocial outcomes at our @entity1 center. The Henry Ford Health System Corporate Data Store was accessed to identify @entity0 who had undergone surgical resection for localization-related @entity1 from 1993 to 2011. Demographics including age at @entity1 onset and surgery, @entity2 frequency before surgery, and pathology were gathered from electronic medical records. Phone surveys were conducted from May 2012 to January 2013 to determine @entity0 ' current @entity2 frequency and psychosocial metrics including driving and employment status and use of antidepressants. Surgical outcomes were based on Engel's classification (classes I and II=favorable outcomes). McNemar's tests, chi-square tests, two sample t-tests, and Wilcoxon two sample tests were used to analyze the relationships of psychosocial and surgical outcomes with demographic and surgical characteristics. A total of 470 @entity0 had resective @entity1 surgery, and of those, 50 (11%) had died since surgery. Of the remaining, 253 (60%) were contacted with mean follow-up of 10.6  5.0years (27% of @entity0 had follow-up of 15years or longer). Of the @entity0 surveyed, 32% were @entity2 -free and 75% had a favorable outcome (classes I and II). Favorable outcomes had significant associations with temporal resection (78% temporal vs 58% extratemporal, p=0.01) and when surgery was performed after scalp EEG only (85% vs 65%, p<0.001). Most importantly, favorable and @entity2 -free outcome rates remained stable after surgery over long-term follow-up [i.e., <5years (77%, 41%), 5-10years (67%, 29%), 10-15years (78%, 38%), and >15years (78%, 26%)]. Compared to before surgery, @entity0 at the time of the survey were more likely to be driving (51% vs 35%, p<0.001) and using antidepressants (30% vs 22%, p=0.013) but less likely to be working full-time (23% vs 42%, p<0.001). A large majority of @entity0 (92%) considered @entity1 surgery worthwhile regardless of the resection site, and this was associated with favorable outcomes (favorable=98% vs unfavorable=74%, p<0.001). The findings suggest that resective @entity1 surgery yields favorable long-term postoperative @entity2 and psychosocial outcomes.

title: Long-term @entity2 and psychosocial outcomes after resective surgery for intractable XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a rare, highly aggressive @entity0 , characterized by complete or partial composition by undifferentiated cells. We report a case of @entity6 with rhabdoid features in a 68-year-old male, who presented with a rapidly enlarging neck mass. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of the @entity4 showed discohesive, pleomorphic round to polygonal rhabdoid cells with one to multiple eccentric, large, rounded nuclei with a prominent nucleolus, moderate to abundant, globoid cytoplasm which oftentimes harbor a pale para-nuclear inclusion. The cytoplasm of some cells contained variously sized, eosinophilic granules. Rare cells contained neutrophils in their cytoplasm. Mitoses including atypical @entity14 and @entity1 were readily seen. Histologic examination of needle core biopsy (NCB) revealed individual dispersed and sheets of pleomorphic neoplastic cells with similar cytomorphologic features as described above. The @entity0 extensively infiltrated a myxocollagenous stroma containing lymphocytes and neutrophils, and demonstrated foci of @entity1 . @entity0 cells were immunoreactive for keratins @entity2 / @entity3 , CAM5.2, and @entity9 ; @entity16 , and @entity10 , but negative for S-100, HMB-45, calcitonin, @entity15 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity17 , @entity12 , myogenin, @entity5 , and @entity13 . The differential diagnosis of this @entity11 is discussed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: XXXX with rhabdoid features.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Every year, scores of millions of @entity0 - as diverse as @entity1 and lean, teenagers and older adults, sedentary and elite athletes, commoners and celebrities - attempt to lose weight on some form of diet. They are often encouraged by their parents, friends, health professionals, @entity6 , a media that promotes a slim image and a diet-industry that in Europe and United States alone has an annual turnover in excess of  150 billion. Weight regain is generally the rule, with one-third to two-thirds of the weight lost being regained within 1 year and almost all is regained within 5 years. With studies of the long-term outcomes showing that at least one-third of dieters regain more weight than they lost, together with prospective studies indicating that dieting during childhood and adolescence predicts future @entity5 and @entity1 , there is concern as to whether dieting may paradoxically be promoting exactly the opposite of what it is intended to achieve. Does dieting really make @entity0 fatter? How? Does dieting increase the risks for @entity2 as many go through repeated cycles of intentional @entity4 and unintentional weight regain, i.e. through yo-yo dieting or weight cycling? What's new in adipose tissue biology pertaining to the mechanisms that drive weight regain? Why does exercise not necessarily work in concert with dieting to achieve @entity4 and prevent weight regain? What 'lessons' are we learning from bariatric surgery about the mechanisms by which long-term @entity4 seems achievable? It is these questions, against a background of preoccupation with dieting, that recent advances and controversies relevant to the theme of 'Pathways from dieting to weight regain, to @entity1 and to the @entity3 ' are addressed in this overview and the eight review articles in this supplement reporting the proceedings of the 7th Fribourg Obesity Research Conference.

title: Pathways from dieting to weight regain, to XXXX and to the @entity3 : an overview.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Every year, scores of millions of @entity0 - as diverse as @entity1 and lean, teenagers and older adults, sedentary and elite athletes, commoners and celebrities - attempt to lose weight on some form of diet. They are often encouraged by their parents, friends, health professionals, @entity6 , a media that promotes a slim image and a diet-industry that in Europe and United States alone has an annual turnover in excess of  150 billion. Weight regain is generally the rule, with one-third to two-thirds of the weight lost being regained within 1 year and almost all is regained within 5 years. With studies of the long-term outcomes showing that at least one-third of dieters regain more weight than they lost, together with prospective studies indicating that dieting during childhood and adolescence predicts future @entity5 and @entity1 , there is concern as to whether dieting may paradoxically be promoting exactly the opposite of what it is intended to achieve. Does dieting really make @entity0 fatter? How? Does dieting increase the risks for @entity2 as many go through repeated cycles of intentional @entity4 and unintentional weight regain, i.e. through yo-yo dieting or weight cycling? What's new in adipose tissue biology pertaining to the mechanisms that drive weight regain? Why does exercise not necessarily work in concert with dieting to achieve @entity4 and prevent weight regain? What 'lessons' are we learning from bariatric surgery about the mechanisms by which long-term @entity4 seems achievable? It is these questions, against a background of preoccupation with dieting, that recent advances and controversies relevant to the theme of 'Pathways from dieting to weight regain, to @entity1 and to the @entity3 ' are addressed in this overview and the eight review articles in this supplement reporting the proceedings of the 7th Fribourg Obesity Research Conference.

title: Pathways from dieting to weight regain, to @entity1 and to the XXXX : an overview.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Frontal fibrosing @entity2 (FFA) is a distinctive form of scarring @entity2 presenting with partial @entity1 and frontal temporal parietal recession of the hairline. Its etiology remains unknown, and there is no definitive treatment. Information in familial cases of FFA is scarce. We conducted a retrospective cohort study describing the mean clinical findings, treatment, and also the mean differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal cases of familiar FFA. Data analysis from case was performed on eight @entity0 with a familiar history and diagnosis of FFA seen at the Alicante Aesthetic Dermatology Centre between January 2009 and June 2014. All @entity0 in this cohort were females. Mean age at onset was 65  year (range 60-75) in the postmenopausal @entity0 and 39  year (range 33-47) in the premenopausal @entity0 . All menopausal @entity0 were in an advanced stage when the disease had already developed in the frontal and/or temporal parietal hairline region. However, the daughters, all of them premenopausal age, attended the consultation with mild involvement of the eyebrows in all four cases and mild impairment of the frontal hairline in three of them. Specific clinical findings in familial FFA are poorly communicated until nowadays although the number of familial cases arises until 8% in the main case series published in recent years. Early diagnosis in premenopausal stage is frequent in our case series and allows us to begin the protocol treatment in the first stage of the disease, but long-term progression will remain uncertain until a definitive treatment could be established by multicenter randomized controlled trials.

title: Case series of XXXX and a review of the literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To compare ablation lesion formation after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using the standard cryoballoon ( @entity5 ) vs. the re-designed cryoballoon Arctic Front Advance (CB-A) using late @entity4 enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) 3 months post-ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-six consecutive @entity0 with paroxysmal or short-lasting persistent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were evaluated prospectively after PVI using the @entity5 in the first 18 @entity0 and the CB-A in the subsequent 18 @entity0 . All @entity0 underwent LGE-MRI and a 7-day Holter electrocardiogram monitoring 3 months after ablation. Fifty-six per cent of the @entity0 were male (mean age 63.0    9.1 years). Fifty-six per cent in the first group and 89% in the second group were free of @entity2 recurrence 3 months after ablation (P = 0.025). Three months after ablation, LGE-MRI of the left atrium showed complete circular lesions in 35% of PVs in the first group and in 32% of PVs in the second group (n.s.). The left PVs showed a significantly higher proportion of @entity3 compared with the right PVs (83 vs. 34%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Cardiac MRI is able to visualize induced @entity1 after PVI and might be suitable to quantify ablation lesion amount. Ablation lesion formation did not differ significantly in @entity0 treated with the @entity5 vs. the CB-A, despite a significantly lower rate of @entity2 recurrence after 3 months in the CB-A group. Left PVs showed a significantly higher amount of @entity1 compared with the right PVs. Larger and randomized studies are needed to understand the relationship between representable tissue lesions and success rates.

title: Lesion formation after pulmonary vein isolation using the advance cryoballoon and the standard cryoballoon: lessons learned from late XXXX enhancement magnetic resonance imaging.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Coexisting of @entity3 and functioning @entity6 is a rare condition. Although the histology of @entity6 predominantly composed of thyrocytes, the majority of the @entity0 did not have @entity3 . The mechanism underlying the functioning status of the @entity1 is still unclear but the presence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is thought to play a role. Here we describe the @entity0 presentation and report the @entity4 expression of the @entity1 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year old Asian @entity0 presented with long standing @entity3 for 23  years. She was diagnosed with @entity3 and thyroid nodules. She had bilateral exophthalmos and had high titer of plasma @entity4 antibody. Total thyroidectomy was performed and the histologic findings confirmed the clinical diagnosis. The @entity0 had persistent @entity3 postoperatively. Thyroid uptake demonstrated the adequacy of the thyroid surgery and the whole body scan confirmed the presence of functioning thyroid tissue at pelvic area. The surgery was scheduled and the @entity0 had @entity2 after the surgery. The pathological diagnosis was @entity6 at right ovary. We performed @entity4 staining in both the @entity0 's @entity6 and in 3 cases of non-functioning @entity6 . The staining results were all positive and the intensity of the @entity4 staining of functioning @entity6 was the same as that in other cases of @entity1 , suggesting that the determinant of functioning @entity6 might be the presence of @entity4 stimuli rather than the intensity of the @entity4 in the ovarian tissue. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with @entity3 with persistent or recurrent @entity3 after adequate ablative treatment, the possibility of ectopic @entity5 production should be considered. @entity4 expression is found in @entity0 with functioning and non-functioning @entity6 and cannot solely be used to determine the functioning status of the @entity1 .

title: Coexistence of XXXX and unilateral functioning Struma ovarii: a case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a computer-aided diagnostic system with texture analysis to improve radiologists' accuracy in identification of @entity0 as malignant or benign. METHODS: The database included 20 benign and 12 @entity1 . We extracted 300 statistical texture features as descriptors for each selected region of interest in 3 normalization schemes (default,   - 3  , and   + 3  , where   and    were the mean value and standard deviation, respectively, of the gray-level intensity and 1%-99%). Then features determined by the Fisher coefficient and the lowest probability of classification error + average correlation coefficient yielded the 10 best and most effective features. We analyzed these features under 2 standardization states (standard and nonstandard). For texture analysis of the @entity0 , we applied principle component, linear discriminant, and nonlinear discriminant analyses. First-nearest neighbor classification was performed for the features resulting from the principle component and linear discriminant analyses. Nonlinear discriminant analysis features were classified by an artificial neural network. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used for examining the performance of the texture analysis methods. RESULTS: Standard feature parameters extracted by the Fisher coefficient under the default and 3   normalization schemes via nonlinear discriminant analysis showed high perform-ancefor discrimination between benign and @entity1 , with sensitivity of 94.28%, specificity of 100%, accuracy of 97.80%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.9714. CONCLUSIONS: Texture analysis is a reliable method and has the potential to be used effectively for classification of benign and @entity1 on breast sonography.

title: Classification of XXXX using sonographic texture analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aortic dissections involving the descending aorta are a major clinical problem in @entity0 with @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify clinical parameters associated with @entity2 and to develop a risk model to predict @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 with the diagnosis of @entity3 and magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomographic imaging of the aorta were followed for a median of 6 years for the occurrence of type B dissection or the combined end point of @entity2 , distal aortic surgery, and @entity1 . A model using various clinical parameters as well as genotyping was developed to predict the risk for type B dissection in @entity0 with @entity3 . RESULTS: Between 1998 and 2013, 54 type B aortic dissections occurred in 600 @entity0 with @entity3 (mean age 36    14 years, 52% male). Independent variables associated with @entity2 were prior prophylactic aortic surgery (hazard ratio: 2.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.2 to 3.8; p  = 0.010) and a proximal descending aorta diameter  >= 27 mm (hazard ratio: 2.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.1 to 4.3; p  = 0.020). In the risk model, the 10-year occurrence of @entity2 in low-, moderate-, and high-risk @entity0 was 6%, 19%, and 34%, respectively. Angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy was associated with fewer type B aortic dissections (hazard ratio: 0.3; 95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 0.9; p  = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity3 with prior prophylactic aortic surgery are at substantial risk for @entity2 , even when the descending aorta is only slightly dilated. Angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy may be  protective in the prevention of type B aortic dissections.

title: The risk for @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aortic dissections involving the descending aorta are a major clinical problem in @entity0 with @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify clinical parameters associated with @entity2 and to develop a risk model to predict @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 with the diagnosis of @entity3 and magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomographic imaging of the aorta were followed for a median of 6 years for the occurrence of type B dissection or the combined end point of @entity2 , distal aortic surgery, and @entity1 . A model using various clinical parameters as well as genotyping was developed to predict the risk for type B dissection in @entity0 with @entity3 . RESULTS: Between 1998 and 2013, 54 type B aortic dissections occurred in 600 @entity0 with @entity3 (mean age 36    14 years, 52% male). Independent variables associated with @entity2 were prior prophylactic aortic surgery (hazard ratio: 2.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.2 to 3.8; p  = 0.010) and a proximal descending aorta diameter  >= 27 mm (hazard ratio: 2.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.1 to 4.3; p  = 0.020). In the risk model, the 10-year occurrence of @entity2 in low-, moderate-, and high-risk @entity0 was 6%, 19%, and 34%, respectively. Angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy was associated with fewer type B aortic dissections (hazard ratio: 0.3; 95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 0.9; p  = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity3 with prior prophylactic aortic surgery are at substantial risk for @entity2 , even when the descending aorta is only slightly dilated. Angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy may be  protective in the prevention of type B aortic dissections.

title: The risk for XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Postoperative intraspinal subdural collections in @entity0 after posterior fossa @entity2 resection may temporarily hinder @entity1 detection by MR imaging or CSF analysis, potentially impacting therapy. We investigated the incidence, imaging and clinical features, predisposing factors, and time course of these collections after posterior fossa @entity2 resection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of postoperative spine MRI in 243 @entity0 (5.5    4.6 years of age) from our clinical data base postresection of @entity5 from October 1994 to August 2010 yielded 37 (6.0    4.8 years of age) subjects positive for postoperative intraspinal subdural collections. Their extent and signal properties were recorded for postoperative (37/37), preoperative (15/37), and follow-up spine (35/37) MRI. Risk factors were compared with age-matched internal controls (n = 37, 5.9    4.5 years of age). Associations of histology, @entity3 and @entity4 , and postoperative intracranial subdural collections with postoperative intraspinal subdural collections were assessed by the Fisher exact test or   (2) test. The association between preoperative @entity2 volume and postoperative intraspinal subdural collections was assessed by the Wilcoxon rank sum test. RESULTS: The overall incidence of postoperative intraspinal subdural collections was 37/243 (15.2%), greatest  <=7 days postoperatively (36%); 97% were seen 0-41 days postoperatively (12.9    11.0 days). They were T2 hyperintense and isointense to CSF on T1WI, homogeneously enhanced, and resolved on follow-up MR imaging (35/35). None were symptomatic. They were associated with intracranial subdural collections (P = .0011) and @entity4 (P = .0228). CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative intraspinal subdural collections are infrequent and clinically silent, resolve spontaneously, and have a distinctive appearance. @entity4 appears to be a predisposing factor. In this series, repeat MR imaging by 4 weeks documented improvement or resolution of these collections in 88%.

title: Postoperative intraspinal subdural collections after pediatric posterior fossa XXXX resection: incidence, imaging, and clinical features.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Serum-free differentiation protocols of @entity0 embryonic stem cells (hESCs) offer the ability to maximize reproducibility and to develop clinically applicable therapies. We developed a high-throughput, 96-well plate, four-color flow cytometry-based assay to optimize differentiation media cocktails and to screen a variety of conditions. We were able to differentiate hESCs to all three primary germ layers, screen for the effect of a range of activin A, @entity4 , and @entity1 concentrations on endoderm and mesoderm differentiation, and perform RNA-interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of a reporter gene during differentiation. Cells were seeded in suspension culture and embryoid bodies were induced to differentiate to the three primary germ layers for 6 days. Endoderm ( @entity2 (+)KDR(-)), mesoderm (KDR(+)SSEA-3(-)), and ectoderm (SSEA-3(+)NCAM(+)) differentiation yields for H9 cells were 80    11, 78    7, and 41    9%, respectively. Germ layer identities were confirmed by quantitative PCR. Activin A, @entity4 , and @entity3 drove differentiation, with increasing concentrations of activin A inducing higher endoderm yields and increasing @entity4 inducing higher mesoderm yields. @entity1 drove lateral mesoderm differentiation. RNAi-mediated knockdown of constitutively expressed red fluorescent protein did not affect endoderm differentiation. This assay facilitates the development of serum-free protocols for hESC differentiation to target lineages and creates a platform for screening small molecules or RNAi during ESC differentiation.

title: A high-throughput multiplexed screening assay for optimizing serum-free differentiation protocols of XXXX embryonic stem cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In recent years, the authors of epidemiological studies have documented that @entity4 are a major problem of modern society and are classified as diseases of civilization. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) are caused by an abnormal immune response to autoantigens present in the thyroid gland - they often coexist with other @entity4 . The most common dysfunctions of the thyroid gland are @entity7 , @entity13 and @entity12 . @entity12 can be the main cause of @entity7 of the thyroid gland. Anthropometric, biochemical and physicochemical parameters are used to assess the nutritional status during the diagnosis and treatment of @entity6 . @entity0 with @entity7 are often obese, whereas @entity0 with @entity8 are often afflicted with rapid weight loss. The consequence of @entity1 is a change of the thyroid hormones' activity; however, @entity3 leads to their normalization. The activity and metabolic rate of thyroid hormones are modifiable. @entity10 are associated with @entity17 and thus increased risk of developing @entity11 . @entity9 ( @entity9 ) also increases the risk of developing other @entity4 . @entity14 or the presence of numerous @entity14 in a @entity0 's body can be the cause of @entity6 . Coexisting deficiencies of such elements as iodine, iron, selenium and zinc may impair the function of the thyroid gland. Other @entity5 usually observed in @entity0 suffering from ATD are: protein @entity15 (A, C, B6, B5, B1) and @entity16 (phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chromium). Proper diet helps to reduce the symptoms of the disease, maintains a healthy weight and prevents the occurrence of @entity14 . This article presents an overview of selected documented studies and scientific reports on the relationship of @entity2 and nutritional status with the occurrence of ATD.

title: XXXX and nutritional status in @entity10 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In recent years, the authors of epidemiological studies have documented that @entity4 are a major problem of modern society and are classified as diseases of civilization. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) are caused by an abnormal immune response to autoantigens present in the thyroid gland - they often coexist with other @entity4 . The most common dysfunctions of the thyroid gland are @entity7 , @entity13 and @entity12 . @entity12 can be the main cause of @entity7 of the thyroid gland. Anthropometric, biochemical and physicochemical parameters are used to assess the nutritional status during the diagnosis and treatment of @entity6 . @entity0 with @entity7 are often obese, whereas @entity0 with @entity8 are often afflicted with rapid weight loss. The consequence of @entity1 is a change of the thyroid hormones' activity; however, @entity3 leads to their normalization. The activity and metabolic rate of thyroid hormones are modifiable. @entity10 are associated with @entity17 and thus increased risk of developing @entity11 . @entity9 ( @entity9 ) also increases the risk of developing other @entity4 . @entity14 or the presence of numerous @entity14 in a @entity0 's body can be the cause of @entity6 . Coexisting deficiencies of such elements as iodine, iron, selenium and zinc may impair the function of the thyroid gland. Other @entity5 usually observed in @entity0 suffering from ATD are: protein @entity15 (A, C, B6, B5, B1) and @entity16 (phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chromium). Proper diet helps to reduce the symptoms of the disease, maintains a healthy weight and prevents the occurrence of @entity14 . This article presents an overview of selected documented studies and scientific reports on the relationship of @entity2 and nutritional status with the occurrence of ATD.

title: @entity2 and nutritional status in XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: AIM: To evaluate whether the histology and grading of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) correlated with the results of dynamic multiphase multidetector CT (MDCT) and the @entity2 standardised uptake value (SUV) in 30 @entity0 . METHODS: Chest x-rays of 270 @entity0 with incidentally detected SPNs were retrospectively evaluated. Thirty @entity0 with histologically proven SPNs were enrolled. On MDCT and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT images, two experts measured the density of nodules in all perfusion phases and the SUV. Net enhancement (NE) was calculated by subtracting peak pre-contrast density from peak post-contrast density. The Pearson test was used to correlate nodule NE, SUV, grading, histology and diameter. RESULTS: Of the 30 malignant SPNs, six were classified as G1 (median NE, 31.5 Hounsfield units (HU); median SUV, 4.8 units), 15 were classified as G2 (median NE, 49 HU; median SUV, 6 units), and nine were classified as G3 (median NE, 32 HU; median SUV, 4.5 units). A highly negative correlation was found in G3 SPNs between NE and the corresponding diameters (r=-0.834; p=0.00524). NE increased with the increase in diameter (r=0.982; p=0.284). SUV increased as the @entity3 diameter increased (r=0.789; p=0.421). NE and SUV were higher in G2 than G1 SPNs, and lower in G2 than G3 SPNs (r=0.97; p=0.137). CONCLUSIONS: The significant correlation in dedifferentiated (G3) SPNs between NE and diameter (r=-0.834; p=0.00524) supports the theory that stroma and neoangiogenesis are fundamental in @entity3 growth. The highly negative correlation between NE and diameter demonstrates a net decrease in perfusion despite an increase in dimension. The multidisciplinary approach used herein may result in a more precise prognosis and consequently a better therapeutic outcome, particularly in @entity0 with undifferentiated @entity1 .

title: Preliminary study on the correlation between grading and histology of solitary pulmonary nodules and contrast enhancement and XXXX standardised uptake value after evaluation by dynamic multiphase CT and PET/CT.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is one of the oldest known medicinal plants. In the biosynthetic pathway for @entity1 and @entity3 , @entity4 is reduced to @entity5 by @entity4 reductase (SalR; EC 1.1.1.248) using @entity0 as coenzyme. Here, we report the atomic structure of SalR to a resolution of    1.9     in the presence of @entity0 . The core structure is highly homologous to other members of the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. The major difference is that the @entity2 moiety and the substrate-binding pocket are covered by a loop (residues 265-279), on top of which lies a large "flap"-like domain (residues 105-140). This configuration appears to be a combination of the two common structural themes found in other members of the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. Previous modeling studies suggested that substrate inhibition is due to mutually exclusive productive and nonproductive modes of substrate binding in the active site. This model was tested via site-directed mutagenesis, and a number of these mutations abrogated substrate inhibition. However, the atomic structure of SalR shows that these mutated residues are instead distributed over a wide area of the enzyme, and many are not in the active site. To explain how residues distal to the active site might affect catalysis, a model is presented whereby SalR may undergo significant conformational changes during catalytic turnover.

title: Atomic structure of XXXX reductase from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum).

answer: @entity4