abstract: CONTEXT: Endogenous glucocorticoid excess ( @entity4 ) predominantly increases postprandial @entity2 concentration. The pattern of @entity6 induced by @entity3 has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to define the circadian effect of @entity3 on @entity2 concentration to optimize management of @entity3 -induced @entity6 . DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study in a teaching hospital. @entity0 : @entity0 included 60 consecutive consenting subjects with @entity5 admitted to hospital: 13 without known @entity1 admitted for other indications and not treated with glucocorticoids (group 1), 40 without known @entity1 admitted with an exacerbation of @entity5 and treated with @entity3 (group 2, @entity3 = 30    6 mg/d), and seven with known @entity1 treated with @entity3 (group 3, @entity3 = 26    9 mg/d). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Interstitial @entity2 concentration was assessed during continuous @entity2 monitoring. RESULTS: Significantly more subjects in group 2 [21 of 40 (53%), P = 0.02] and group 3 [seven of seven (100%), P = 0.003] recorded a @entity2 of at least 200 mg/dl (>= 11.1 mmol/liter) during continuous @entity2 monitoring than in group 1 [one of 13 (8%)]. The mean @entity2 concentration between 2400-1200 h for group 3 (142    36 mg/dl) was significantly greater than in the other two groups (P < 0.005), whereas mean @entity2 concentrations between 2400-1200 h in group 1 (108    16 mg/dl) and group 2 (112    22 mg/dl) were not significantly different. In contrast, the mean @entity2 concentrations between 1200-2400 h for group 2 (142    25 mg/dl) and group 3 (189    32 mg/dl) were both significantly greater than group 1 (117    14 mg/dl, P < 0.05 for both comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 predominantly causes @entity6 in the afternoon and evening. Treatment of @entity3 -induced @entity6 should be targeted at this time period.

title: Continuous monitoring of circadian glycemic patterns in @entity0 receiving XXXX for @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: Endogenous glucocorticoid excess ( @entity4 ) predominantly increases postprandial @entity2 concentration. The pattern of @entity6 induced by @entity3 has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to define the circadian effect of @entity3 on @entity2 concentration to optimize management of @entity3 -induced @entity6 . DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study in a teaching hospital. @entity0 : @entity0 included 60 consecutive consenting subjects with @entity5 admitted to hospital: 13 without known @entity1 admitted for other indications and not treated with glucocorticoids (group 1), 40 without known @entity1 admitted with an exacerbation of @entity5 and treated with @entity3 (group 2, @entity3 = 30    6 mg/d), and seven with known @entity1 treated with @entity3 (group 3, @entity3 = 26    9 mg/d). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Interstitial @entity2 concentration was assessed during continuous @entity2 monitoring. RESULTS: Significantly more subjects in group 2 [21 of 40 (53%), P = 0.02] and group 3 [seven of seven (100%), P = 0.003] recorded a @entity2 of at least 200 mg/dl (>= 11.1 mmol/liter) during continuous @entity2 monitoring than in group 1 [one of 13 (8%)]. The mean @entity2 concentration between 2400-1200 h for group 3 (142    36 mg/dl) was significantly greater than in the other two groups (P < 0.005), whereas mean @entity2 concentrations between 2400-1200 h in group 1 (108    16 mg/dl) and group 2 (112    22 mg/dl) were not significantly different. In contrast, the mean @entity2 concentrations between 1200-2400 h for group 2 (142    25 mg/dl) and group 3 (189    32 mg/dl) were both significantly greater than group 1 (117    14 mg/dl, P < 0.05 for both comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 predominantly causes @entity6 in the afternoon and evening. Treatment of @entity3 -induced @entity6 should be targeted at this time period.

title: Continuous monitoring of circadian glycemic patterns in @entity0 receiving @entity3 for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: CONTEXT: Endogenous glucocorticoid excess ( @entity4 ) predominantly increases postprandial @entity2 concentration. The pattern of @entity6 induced by @entity3 has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to define the circadian effect of @entity3 on @entity2 concentration to optimize management of @entity3 -induced @entity6 . DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional study in a teaching hospital. @entity0 : @entity0 included 60 consecutive consenting subjects with @entity5 admitted to hospital: 13 without known @entity1 admitted for other indications and not treated with glucocorticoids (group 1), 40 without known @entity1 admitted with an exacerbation of @entity5 and treated with @entity3 (group 2, @entity3 = 30    6 mg/d), and seven with known @entity1 treated with @entity3 (group 3, @entity3 = 26    9 mg/d). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Interstitial @entity2 concentration was assessed during continuous @entity2 monitoring. RESULTS: Significantly more subjects in group 2 [21 of 40 (53%), P = 0.02] and group 3 [seven of seven (100%), P = 0.003] recorded a @entity2 of at least 200 mg/dl (>= 11.1 mmol/liter) during continuous @entity2 monitoring than in group 1 [one of 13 (8%)]. The mean @entity2 concentration between 2400-1200 h for group 3 (142    36 mg/dl) was significantly greater than in the other two groups (P < 0.005), whereas mean @entity2 concentrations between 2400-1200 h in group 1 (108    16 mg/dl) and group 2 (112    22 mg/dl) were not significantly different. In contrast, the mean @entity2 concentrations between 1200-2400 h for group 2 (142    25 mg/dl) and group 3 (189    32 mg/dl) were both significantly greater than group 1 (117    14 mg/dl, P < 0.05 for both comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 predominantly causes @entity6 in the afternoon and evening. Treatment of @entity3 -induced @entity6 should be targeted at this time period.

title: Continuous monitoring of circadian glycemic patterns in XXXX receiving @entity3 for @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A test battery was administered to 108 brain-damaged @entity1 backward @entity0 . The purpose of the investigation was to examine the influence of actual @entity2 (free of @entity2 or not) on intelligence, visuomotoric gestalt function, sensoric motoric function and personality characteristics. The two-failed t-test, discriminant analyses, regression analyses and factor analyses were computed. Most differences in performance (intelligence, visual perception, motoric function) between the diagnostic groups (free of @entity2 vs. not free of @entity2 ) were statistically significant (P less than 1%); the differences in personality characteristics, however, were not statistically significant (P greater than 1%). The administered tests differentiated the two groups: 90% of the 108 subjects were correctly classified due to a clinical criterion. Motoric and perseverance variables were the most important variables of the discriminant function. Subjects without @entity2 scored higher than subjects with @entity1 . As a result of factor analyses personality variables and performance variables constituted different factors in most cases. An important exception concerning the group "free of @entity2 " was the variable "Pathognomic verbalization": this variable and performance variables were part of one factor. In subjects "not free of @entity2 ", however, this variable and other personality variables clustered together in one factor.

title: [Influence of actual @entity1 on performance and personality in XXXX @entity0 (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: A test battery was administered to 108 brain-damaged @entity1 backward @entity0 . The purpose of the investigation was to examine the influence of actual @entity2 (free of @entity2 or not) on intelligence, visuomotoric gestalt function, sensoric motoric function and personality characteristics. The two-failed t-test, discriminant analyses, regression analyses and factor analyses were computed. Most differences in performance (intelligence, visual perception, motoric function) between the diagnostic groups (free of @entity2 vs. not free of @entity2 ) were statistically significant (P less than 1%); the differences in personality characteristics, however, were not statistically significant (P greater than 1%). The administered tests differentiated the two groups: 90% of the 108 subjects were correctly classified due to a clinical criterion. Motoric and perseverance variables were the most important variables of the discriminant function. Subjects without @entity2 scored higher than subjects with @entity1 . As a result of factor analyses personality variables and performance variables constituted different factors in most cases. An important exception concerning the group "free of @entity2 " was the variable "Pathognomic verbalization": this variable and performance variables were part of one factor. In subjects "not free of @entity2 ", however, this variable and other personality variables clustered together in one factor.

title: [Influence of actual XXXX on performance and personality in @entity1 @entity0 (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: A test battery was administered to 108 brain-damaged @entity1 backward @entity0 . The purpose of the investigation was to examine the influence of actual @entity2 (free of @entity2 or not) on intelligence, visuomotoric gestalt function, sensoric motoric function and personality characteristics. The two-failed t-test, discriminant analyses, regression analyses and factor analyses were computed. Most differences in performance (intelligence, visual perception, motoric function) between the diagnostic groups (free of @entity2 vs. not free of @entity2 ) were statistically significant (P less than 1%); the differences in personality characteristics, however, were not statistically significant (P greater than 1%). The administered tests differentiated the two groups: 90% of the 108 subjects were correctly classified due to a clinical criterion. Motoric and perseverance variables were the most important variables of the discriminant function. Subjects without @entity2 scored higher than subjects with @entity1 . As a result of factor analyses personality variables and performance variables constituted different factors in most cases. An important exception concerning the group "free of @entity2 " was the variable "Pathognomic verbalization": this variable and performance variables were part of one factor. In subjects "not free of @entity2 ", however, this variable and other personality variables clustered together in one factor.

title: [Influence of actual @entity1 on performance and personality in @entity1 XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 were given @entity3 (50 micrograms/kg i.v. every 4 days) and studied after 7-29 injections when @entity1 became evident. The conduction velocity spectrum of individual afferent nerves from soleus muscles was shifted toward slower velocities. Relatively few functional muscle spindles or other proprioceptors which responded to muscle stretch were encountered. Those primary endings of soleus muscle spindles which did respond were significantly reduced in dynamic but not length sensitivity. Length sensitivity of secondary endings was unchanged. Thresholds of secondary but not primary endings were elevated. The average conduction velocity of soleus motor axons was reduced 30% but no deficit was detected in motor nerve terminal function. Indirectly-elicited contractile tension of the soleus muscles of the neuropathic @entity2 was not significantly lower than that in untreated animals. Amplitudes of spinal monosynaptic reflexes were unaffected. These data indicate, that in the cat, @entity0 results partly from dysfunction in muscle spindles and peripheral nerves.

title: Neurotoxicology of XXXX in the cat. Electrophysiological studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of low-dose and dose-escalating therapy of interferon alfa-2a in the treatment of Beh  et @entity3 . METHODS: This study included 37 @entity0 with refractory Beh  et @entity4 unresponsive to conventional immunosuppressive therapy. Induction interferon alfa-2a therapy was given as a daily dose of 3.0 million IU (MIU) subcutaneously for 14 days. Maintenance dose was achieved with 3.0 MIU 3 times per week given subcutaneously. The dosage was increased sequentially to 4.5, 6.0, and 9.0 MIU 3 times per week if @entity3 relapses occurred. Total therapy duration was 24 months. Primary outcome measure was control of @entity3 with quiescence during maintenance therapy. Ocular relapses per @entity0 -year before and after initiation of interferon alfa-2a therapy and a corticosteroid-sparing effect were secondary outcomes. We also estimated the rate of remission after discontinuing interferon alfa-2a therapy. RESULTS: During maintenance therapy, interferon alfa-2a controlled @entity3 in 35 @entity0 (95%). In 15 @entity0 (41%), a maintenance dosage of 3.0 MIU 3 times per week controlled @entity3 without any relapse. The rate of @entity3 relapses decreased from 3.52 per @entity0 -year before to 0.75 per @entity0 -year after initiating interferon alfa-2a therapy. Seventeen @entity0 were receiving systemic @entity2 at the time of initiation of interferon therapy. During the maintenance stage, 9 @entity0 were able to discontinue and 8 to taper systemic @entity1 therapy. Survival analysis estimated that the rate of remission after discontinuation of interferon alfa-2a therapy was 76% by 3 months. The rate of remission remained stable thereafter. CONCLUSION: A treatment protocol using a low-dose and dose-escalating therapy with interferon alfa-2a was able to control and achieve remission of @entity3 in most @entity0 with refractory ocular Beh  et disease.

title: Long-term efficacy and safety of low-dose and dose-escalating interferon alfa-2a therapy in refractory Beh  et XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Immature @entity0 testicular cells undergo morphogenesis in primary culture (Davis, 1978). Depending upon the number of dissociated testicular cells added to the culture dish, spherical or @entity1 were formed. Spherical aggregates resulted from movement of cells into centers of aggregation and the detachment of these cells from the substratum; on the other hand, @entity1 resulted from detachment and retraction of the cell monolayer at certain points along its outer edge. In this investigation, the different methods of formation of aggregates by immature @entity0 testicular cells in primary culture were examined with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The cell types involved in such morphogenesis and their associations within completely formed structures were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the rates of formation of aggregates were established by time-lapse cinemicroscopy. During formation of spherical aggregates, the rate of recruitment of cells into centers of aggregation (0.4 +/- 0.006 micrometer/min; means +/- S.E.M., n = 78) was much slower than the rate of cell detachment during formation of @entity1 (11.7 +/- 1.8 micrometer/sec; means +/- S.E.M., n = 110). Although specific roles for each cell types in formation of aggregates have not been determined, the associations of cells within the two types of reformed aggregates appeared to be similar. Myofibroblast cells were located in outer cell layers and Sertoli cells were observed to underlie the layers of myofibroblasts in both types of aggregates. Germinal cells, however, were found on the outer surface of spherical aggregates, but in @entity1 they were located on the inner surface. Since @entity1 are formed by different methods, this observation suggests that rearrangement of cells, within the aggregates takes place and contributes to the internal morphology of newly formed aggregates.

title: Correlative light and electron microscopy of dissociated immature XXXX testicular cells undergoing morphogenesis in vitro.

answer: @entity0


abstract: An absorbable plating system is most commonly used to fix the bones in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Many studies focused on the advantages and clinical utility of absorbable plate and screws, but there are no reports on the complications related to these devices. From March 2004 to March 2009, 430 @entity0 with @entity1 including infraorbital rim fractures underwent craniomaxillofacial surgery, in which rigid fixation was achieved with an absorbable plate and screws (Stryker, Freiburg, Germany). Five @entity0 with a delayed inflammatory reaction and @entity2 at infraorbital rim @entity1 site were reviewed. Their mean age was 39 (range, 18-53 y), and all @entity0 had @entity4 . The period from surgery to the onset of symptoms ranged from 3 to 10 weeks with a mean of 5 weeks. One @entity0 was managed with oral antibiotics, but the other 4 @entity0 required incisional drainage with the removal of the plate and screws because of @entity3 formation. The @entity0 ' symptom improved after removing the absorbable plate and screws and saline irrigation, and there was no recurrence of @entity2 during the 12-month follow-up period. When fixing @entity1 , particularly in @entity0 with @entity5 , it is recommended to use short screws to prevent penetration of the maxillary sinus wall. In particular, one should pay attention and use shorter screws owing to the thinness of the medial infraorbital rim.

title: Cellulitis related to bioabsorbable plate and screws in infraorbital rim XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: There are few publications on prevalence of @entity2 in Lebanon. OBJECTIVES: To find the prevalence of @entity1 among students seen at the university health services of the American University of Beirut. @entity0 _ METHODS: Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed. Chi-square tests were used to assess any significant difference between male and female prevalence amongst all types of @entity2 met; p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: 2903 visits were reviewed, ages ranged from 16 to 33 years old, of whom 1688 were females (58.15%) and 1215 were males (41.85%). @entity5 was the most prevalent, followed by hair problems and contact @entity3 . @entity5 and hair problems were significantly higher among females, and @entity4 among males (p < 0.001 in all). CONCLUSIONS: Dermatologists must be aware of the psychological effects of @entity2 on their @entity0 . Acne, hair problems, and contact @entity3 are the most common diseases seen. @entity0 seem to be more concerned about diseases that affect their image in society.

title: Common XXXX among students at a tertiary care center in Lebanon.

answer: @entity1


abstract: About 50% of @entity0 with chronic @entity6 ( @entity6 ) have "silent" @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Our purpose was to evaluate the possibility that @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity4 reflects the presence of more severe acid reflux. We compared the severity of parameters from pH studies in @entity0 with chronic @entity6 and "silent" @entity4 , to @entity0 with signs of symptomatic @entity3 with and without @entity6 . This study included 236 @entity0 (aged 1 month to 15 years) with abnormal 24-hr pH monitoring among 718 @entity0 studied for suspected diagnosis of @entity4 . @entity0 were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of @entity0 with chronic @entity6 but without any @entity3 of @entity4 . Group 2 was comprised of @entity0 with symptomatic GI presentation of @entity4 such as regurgitation, @entity5 , heartburn, and @entity2 to thrive, but without any signs or symptoms of @entity6 . Group 3 included @entity0 with prevalent @entity6 and concomitant signs of symptomatic @entity4 . @entity0 with predominant GI manifestations (group 2) had a significantly higher fraction of time with pH <4 (P < 0.01), total time value of pH <4 (P < 0.05), and longest episode with pH <4 (P < 0.05). Esophageal clearance was significantly longer in group 1 @entity0 than in the other two groups (P < 0.05). @entity0 with @entity1 (group 3) were similar to @entity0 in group 2. @entity0 with @entity3 had significantly worse scores for all parameters evaluated except esophageal clearance score, compared to @entity0 without @entity3 . Longer esophageal clearance was the only parameter associated with respiratory signs in @entity0 with @entity6 compared to those without. In conclusion, the presence of @entity6 in pediatric @entity0 with silent @entity4 is related to longer esophageal clearance, but is not related to severity of reflux.

title: Severity of acid @entity4 assessed by pH metry: is it associated with XXXX ?

answer: @entity6


abstract: About 50% of @entity0 with chronic @entity6 ( @entity6 ) have "silent" @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Our purpose was to evaluate the possibility that @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity4 reflects the presence of more severe acid reflux. We compared the severity of parameters from pH studies in @entity0 with chronic @entity6 and "silent" @entity4 , to @entity0 with signs of symptomatic @entity3 with and without @entity6 . This study included 236 @entity0 (aged 1 month to 15 years) with abnormal 24-hr pH monitoring among 718 @entity0 studied for suspected diagnosis of @entity4 . @entity0 were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of @entity0 with chronic @entity6 but without any @entity3 of @entity4 . Group 2 was comprised of @entity0 with symptomatic GI presentation of @entity4 such as regurgitation, @entity5 , heartburn, and @entity2 to thrive, but without any signs or symptoms of @entity6 . Group 3 included @entity0 with prevalent @entity6 and concomitant signs of symptomatic @entity4 . @entity0 with predominant GI manifestations (group 2) had a significantly higher fraction of time with pH <4 (P < 0.01), total time value of pH <4 (P < 0.05), and longest episode with pH <4 (P < 0.05). Esophageal clearance was significantly longer in group 1 @entity0 than in the other two groups (P < 0.05). @entity0 with @entity1 (group 3) were similar to @entity0 in group 2. @entity0 with @entity3 had significantly worse scores for all parameters evaluated except esophageal clearance score, compared to @entity0 without @entity3 . Longer esophageal clearance was the only parameter associated with respiratory signs in @entity0 with @entity6 compared to those without. In conclusion, the presence of @entity6 in pediatric @entity0 with silent @entity4 is related to longer esophageal clearance, but is not related to severity of reflux.

title: Severity of acid XXXX assessed by pH metry: is it associated with @entity6 ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Many studies disregard the time dependence of @entity1 when examining length of hospital stay and the associated financial costs. This leads to the "time-dependent bias," which biases multiplicative hazard ratios. We demonstrate the time-dependent bias on the additive scale of extra length of stay. METHODS: To estimate the extra length of stay due to @entity0 , we used a multistate model that accounted for the time of @entity0 . For comparison we used a generalized linear model assuming a gamma distribution, a commonly used model that ignores the time of @entity0 . We applied these two methods to a large prospective cohort of hospital admissions from Argentina, and compared the methods' performance using a simulation study. RESULTS: For the Argentina data the extra length of stay due to @entity1 was 11.23 days when ignoring time dependence and only 1.35 days after accounting for the time of @entity0 . The simulations showed that ignoring time dependence consistently overestimated the extra length of stay. This overestimation was similar for different rates of @entity0 and even when an @entity0 prolonged or shortened stay. We show examples where the time-dependent bias remains unchanged for the true discharge hazard ratios, but the bias for the extra length of stay is doubled because length of stay depends on the @entity0 hazard. CONCLUSIONS: Ignoring the timing of @entity1 gives estimates that greatly overestimate its effect on the extra length of hospital stay.

title: The time-dependent bias and its effect on extra length of stay due to XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of static posturography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying @entity0 at high risk of falls was investigated. Relationships between static posturography measures and MRI metrics were also investigated. METHODS: A total of 31 ambulatory @entity1 @entity0 (EDSS ranging from 2.0 to 5.0) with a @entity2 were recruited. Each @entity0 underwent a static posturography with a monoaxial platform and a conventional 1.5 T brain MRI scan. Measurements of T1-hypointense and T2-hyperintense lesion volumes (LVs), focusing on lesions selectively located at infratentorial levels, were performed by two operators unaware of clinical data. The self-reported number of falls in the previous 6 months was considered as the main outcome measure. RESULTS: Fourteen (45%) @entity0 reported 1 or more falls over the past 6 months. When compared to non-faller @entity0 , they had a higher EDSS score, poorer static standing balance, and greater brainstem and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) T2-LVs. A strength correlation between brainstem T2-LV and impaired static standing balance in an @entity4 was also found. In the multivariate analysis, the variables more strictly associated with recurrent falls were greater T2-LV at the @entity3 (beta: 6.2; p=0.01) and brainstem (beta: 5.8; p=0.001) levels, and a wider displacement of the body center of pressure in the @entity4 (beta: 0.02; p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Our data suggests that the damage of specific infratentorial areas negatively affect the static standing balance and may predispose @entity1 @entity0 to @entity5 . These findings might contribute in selecting @entity0 requiring a proper rehabilitation intervention program.

title: The relationship between infratentorial lesions, balance deficit and @entity5 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of static posturography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying @entity0 at high risk of falls was investigated. Relationships between static posturography measures and MRI metrics were also investigated. METHODS: A total of 31 ambulatory @entity1 @entity0 (EDSS ranging from 2.0 to 5.0) with a @entity2 were recruited. Each @entity0 underwent a static posturography with a monoaxial platform and a conventional 1.5 T brain MRI scan. Measurements of T1-hypointense and T2-hyperintense lesion volumes (LVs), focusing on lesions selectively located at infratentorial levels, were performed by two operators unaware of clinical data. The self-reported number of falls in the previous 6 months was considered as the main outcome measure. RESULTS: Fourteen (45%) @entity0 reported 1 or more falls over the past 6 months. When compared to non-faller @entity0 , they had a higher EDSS score, poorer static standing balance, and greater brainstem and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) T2-LVs. A strength correlation between brainstem T2-LV and impaired static standing balance in an @entity4 was also found. In the multivariate analysis, the variables more strictly associated with recurrent falls were greater T2-LV at the @entity3 (beta: 6.2; p=0.01) and brainstem (beta: 5.8; p=0.001) levels, and a wider displacement of the body center of pressure in the @entity4 (beta: 0.02; p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Our data suggests that the damage of specific infratentorial areas negatively affect the static standing balance and may predispose @entity1 @entity0 to @entity5 . These findings might contribute in selecting @entity0 requiring a proper rehabilitation intervention program.

title: The relationship between infratentorial lesions, balance deficit and XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is an important complication occurring after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). Animal model studies have shown the involvement of the Fas ( @entity2 / @entity2 )/Fas-Ligand pathway in @entity3 pathogenesis, but its association with cutaneous @entity3 in @entity0 remains to be established. METHODS: In the present study, Fas involvement in skin damage was assessed using a @entity0 skin explant model of @entity3 . Fas and @entity1 expression were measured by immunohistochemistry and blockade of Fas pathway was investigated using an antagonistic anti-human Fas monoclonal antibody. In addition, levels of soluble Fas (sFas) were determined in the serum of @entity0 receiving allogeneic HSCT with and without @entity3 . RESULTS: The results showed that Fas up-regulation in the epithelium of @entity0 skin explants correlated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the skin explant model (P<0.001). Decreased @entity3 grades were observed by using a Fas blocking monoclonal antibody. Levels of sFas were increased post-HSCT (P<0.001) but rather than being associated with the severity of @entity3 , sFas levels differed with the conditioning treatments the @entity0 received before the HSCT. CONCLUSIONS: Higher @entity3 grades were associated with increased Fas expression in the epithelium of the skin explants. In addition, by blocking Fas-mediated apoptosis, the @entity3 grades were decreased. Our study thus shows the involvement of Fas in cutaneous @entity3 , and supports the potential use of Fas as a therapeutic target.

title: The involvement of epithelial Fas in a XXXX model of graft versus host disease.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 52-year-old white @entity0 had suffered from intermittent @entity3 for one year. Upper GI endoscopy, colonoscopy and peroral double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) did not detect any @entity4 source, suggesting obscure @entity3 . However, in videocapsule endoscopy a jejunal ulceration without @entity4 signs was suspected and this was endoscopically confirmed by another peroral DBE. After transfusion of packed red blood cells, the @entity0 was discharged from our hospital in @entity5 . Two weeks later she was readmitted because of another episode of @entity4 . Multi-detector row computed tomography with 3D reconstruction was performed revealing a @entity1 causing lower @entity3 . The @entity0 underwent exploratory laparotomy with partial jejunal resection and end-to-end jejunostomy for reconstruction. Histological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of a @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Nine days after surgery the @entity0 was discharged in good health. No signs of @entity2 occurred in a follow-up of eight months. We herein describe the complex presentation and course of this @entity0 with @entity6 and also review the current approach to treatment.

title: A typical presentation of a rare cause of obscure XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: To understand the underlying mechanism(s) for the effect of exercise at different intensities on T cell and DNA vaccination responses, we treated @entity1 in a training protocol with regular moderate-intensity exercise (MIE) or prolonged, exhaustive @entity7 ( @entity7 ). After 6 weeks of training, splenocytes were isolated to evaluate cytokine expression and T-regulatory (Treg) cell proportion by RT-PCR and @entity8 , respectively. Another set of @entity1 that completed the same training protocol were used to determine DNA vaccination responses. These @entity1 were immunized three times with @entity2 DNA vaccine at 2-week intervals and euthanized on day 14 after the last immunization. Serum and splenocytes were isolated to determine humoral and cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Results showed that @entity7 increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression and @entity6 (+) CD25(+) Treg cell proportion. Further, @entity7 decreased IFN-y expression, T-lymphocyte proliferation, and antigen-specic cytotoxic response in @entity2 DNA vaccine-immunized @entity1 . MIE did not change anti-inflammatory cytokine expression or @entity6 (+) CD25(+) Treg cell proportion but increased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and augmented antigen-specific CMI. Thus, MIE lower the risk of @entity0 and @entity3 through enhancing the pro-inflammatory responses. By contrast, @entity7 might increase the risk of common @entity4 , such as @entity5 , due to an up-regulation of @entity6 (+) CD25(+) Treg cells and anti-inflammatory responses.

title: Effect of exercise training intensity on XXXX T-regulatory cells and vaccination response.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND. Belief-importance (belimp; Petrides, 2010a,b) theory posits that @entity2 traits confer on the individual a propensity to perceive convergences and divergences between their belief that they can attain goals and the importance that they place on these goals. The theory suggests that these convergences and divergences have important implications for affect, motivation, and action. AIMS. To test belimp theory using performance-based criteria relating to @entity3 achievement and constructs from the @entity2 domain. SAMPLES. Two hundred and forty-two students, of whom 121 were male and 117 were female (4 unreported). They were approximately 18 years old at the time of testing. METHODS. Data were collected on the belief and importance of @entity3 achievement, the Giant Three @entity2 dimensions, and trait emotional intelligence (trait EI). @entity3 achievement was operationalized via Key Stage 3 and A-level assessment results. RESULTS. Four hypotheses concerning @entity3 achievement were tested and confirmed, with the Motivation quadrant scoring higher than the other three belimp quadrants (Hubris, @entity0 , and Apathy). Four hypotheses concerning @entity2 were tested, of which two were confirmed, with the Hubris quadrant scoring highest on psychoticism and the @entity0 quadrant scoring highest on @entity1 . Four hierarchical regressions demonstrated the incremental validity of the belief and importance belimp coordinates over the Giant Three @entity2 dimensions in the prediction of @entity3 achievement. CONCLUSIONS. The results are encouraging for belimp theory and complement similarly supportive findings in Petrides (2010b,c).

title: An application of belief-importance theory in the domain of XXXX achievement.

answer: @entity3


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To compare scoring threshold and calibration method-dependent accuracy and variability of coronary @entity1 measurements by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). METHODS: Ninety-five subjects were scanned with MDCT. We calculated Agatston score and volume score. Mineral mass (MM) was calculated using @entity0 -based and scanner-based calibration methods. Accuracy of calibration was validated using artificial @entity1 cylinders. RESULTS: @entity0 -based and scanner-based calibration permitted accurate quantification of artificial @entity1 cylinders (bias: 0 mg and -2 mg). In the subjects, the mean relative difference of MM measurements performed at 90 and 130 Hounsfield units threshold (59%) was lower than for Agatston score (94%) and volume score (109%; P < 0.05). @entity0 -based and scanner-based calibration yielded systematically different MM measurements (bias: 22%). CONCLUSIONS: MM lowers threshold-dependent variability of coronary @entity1 measurements. @entity0 -based and scanner-based calibration allows accurate @entity1 quantification ex vivo but reveal systematic differences in subjects. @entity0 -based calibration may better account for subject size and composition.

title: Coronary XXXX quantification using various calibration phantoms and scoring thresholds.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4 is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in @entity0 with @entity5 . The benefit of traditional therapies to @entity6 is often limited and short-lived. Our aim is to identify indications for rFVIIa use and the outcome of treatment in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: A retrospective review from July 2000 to December 2001 was performed to identify consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 who received rFVIIa. Prothrombin times (PT) before and after therapy were compared by paired t test. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 were treated with rFVIIa for @entity4 caused by @entity5 . All were receiving fresh frozen plasma (mean infusion rate, 39.7 mL/kg/day) when rFVIIa therapy was started. The mean PT before rFVIIa was 32.0 +/- 7.0 seconds. One hour after infusion, the PT normalized to 13.7 +/- 2.4 seconds (P < 0.0001) and remained significantly reduced at 6 hours (19.8 +/- 5.3 seconds; P < 0.0001). A sustained improvement was maintained during the subsequent 3 days. Five of seven @entity0 with @entity1 complications improved clinically after rFVIIa treatment. Two of the @entity1 @entity0 also benefited from improved fluid balance as fresh frozen plasma support was reduced. No @entity2 events were attributed to rFVIIa therapy. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity5 , rFVIIa therapy quickly normalizes the PT and maintains improved hemostasis, even when @entity4 has been refractory to fresh frozen plasma. Therapy subjectively reduces clinical @entity1 and can improve fluid balance, without complications.

title: Recombinant factor VIIa improves XXXX caused by @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4 is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in @entity0 with @entity5 . The benefit of traditional therapies to @entity6 is often limited and short-lived. Our aim is to identify indications for rFVIIa use and the outcome of treatment in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: A retrospective review from July 2000 to December 2001 was performed to identify consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 who received rFVIIa. Prothrombin times (PT) before and after therapy were compared by paired t test. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 were treated with rFVIIa for @entity4 caused by @entity5 . All were receiving fresh frozen plasma (mean infusion rate, 39.7 mL/kg/day) when rFVIIa therapy was started. The mean PT before rFVIIa was 32.0 +/- 7.0 seconds. One hour after infusion, the PT normalized to 13.7 +/- 2.4 seconds (P < 0.0001) and remained significantly reduced at 6 hours (19.8 +/- 5.3 seconds; P < 0.0001). A sustained improvement was maintained during the subsequent 3 days. Five of seven @entity0 with @entity1 complications improved clinically after rFVIIa treatment. Two of the @entity1 @entity0 also benefited from improved fluid balance as fresh frozen plasma support was reduced. No @entity2 events were attributed to rFVIIa therapy. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity5 , rFVIIa therapy quickly normalizes the PT and maintains improved hemostasis, even when @entity4 has been refractory to fresh frozen plasma. Therapy subjectively reduces clinical @entity1 and can improve fluid balance, without complications.

title: Recombinant factor VIIa improves @entity4 caused by XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: 1. Baroreflex activity was assessed in nine fetal, four new-born and six adult @entity0 , using the relationship between heart period and arterial pressure. Arterial pressure was raised either by inflating a balloon in the dorsal aorta, by rapid intravenous injection of @entity2 or @entity3 , or by slow intravenous infusion of @entity3 . 2. In the fetus the three methods gave different estimates of baroreflex sensitivity (balloon, 1.3 +/- 0.7 mmHg; injections, 5.4 +/- 0.5 msec mmHg; infusions, 7.2 +/- 0.9 msec/mmHg) whereas they were comparable in the new-born and adult. 3. Estimates of baroreflex sensitivity were significantly lower in the fetus and new-born than in the adult whichever method was used. 4. In the fetus there were variable changes of heart period when arterial pressure was raised by inflation of the balloon. The responses to injection of @entity2 or @entity3 were also variable. 5. This variability was not associated with changes in electrocortical activity, the presence or absence of @entity1 movements or limb movements, or changes of blood gases. 6. In the fetus the heart period frequently did not change unless the arterial pressure was raised by approximately 15 mmHg (to 61 mmHg), suggesting that the threshold for baroreflex activity is above the normal range of arterial pressure before birth.

title: Relationship of arterial pressure and heart rate in fetal, new-born and adult XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 refractory to medical therapy and @entity7 or in whom weaning from these therapies is impossible, are candidates for a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) as a bridge to recovery or transplant. Continuous-flow LVADs are smaller, have a better long-term durability and are associated with better outcomes. Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be used as a temporary support in @entity0 with refractory @entity6 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mechanical support in acute and critically ill @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: This was a retrospective search of the @entity0 database of the Ghent University hospital (2000 to 2010). RESULTS: Six @entity1 - @entity0 were treated with mechanical support. Three @entity0 presented in the postpartum period and three @entity0 at the end of pregnancy. All were treated with @entity7 , the duration of @entity7 support ranged from 1 to 13 days. An ECMO was inserted in one @entity0 who presented with @entity6 , multiple @entity4 and a stillborn baby. Two @entity0 showed partial recovery and could be weaned off the @entity7 . Four @entity0 were implanted with a continuous-flow @entity5 (HeartMate II, Thoratec Inc.), including the ECMO- @entity0 . Three @entity5 @entity0 were successfully transplanted 78, 126 and 360 days after @entity5 implant; one @entity0 is still on the transplant waiting list. We observed one peripheral @entity3 due to @entity7 and five early bleeding complications in three @entity5 @entity0 . One @entity0 died suddenly two years after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity2 @entity7 was safe and efficient as a bridge to recovery or as a bridge to @entity5 . ECMO provided temporary support as a bridge to @entity5 , while the newer continuous-flow LVADs offered a safe bridge to transplant.

title: Acute and critically ill peripartum XXXX and 'bridge to' therapeutic options: a single center experience with @entity7 , extra corporeal membrane oxygenation and continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 refractory to medical therapy and @entity7 or in whom weaning from these therapies is impossible, are candidates for a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) as a bridge to recovery or transplant. Continuous-flow LVADs are smaller, have a better long-term durability and are associated with better outcomes. Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be used as a temporary support in @entity0 with refractory @entity6 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mechanical support in acute and critically ill @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: This was a retrospective search of the @entity0 database of the Ghent University hospital (2000 to 2010). RESULTS: Six @entity1 - @entity0 were treated with mechanical support. Three @entity0 presented in the postpartum period and three @entity0 at the end of pregnancy. All were treated with @entity7 , the duration of @entity7 support ranged from 1 to 13 days. An ECMO was inserted in one @entity0 who presented with @entity6 , multiple @entity4 and a stillborn baby. Two @entity0 showed partial recovery and could be weaned off the @entity7 . Four @entity0 were implanted with a continuous-flow @entity5 (HeartMate II, Thoratec Inc.), including the ECMO- @entity0 . Three @entity5 @entity0 were successfully transplanted 78, 126 and 360 days after @entity5 implant; one @entity0 is still on the transplant waiting list. We observed one peripheral @entity3 due to @entity7 and five early bleeding complications in three @entity5 @entity0 . One @entity0 died suddenly two years after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity2 @entity7 was safe and efficient as a bridge to recovery or as a bridge to @entity5 . ECMO provided temporary support as a bridge to @entity5 , while the newer continuous-flow LVADs offered a safe bridge to transplant.

title: Acute and critically ill peripartum @entity1 and 'bridge to' therapeutic options: a single center experience with XXXX , extra corporeal membrane oxygenation and continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Functional magnetic resonance (MR) encompasses a spectrum of techniques that depict physiological and molecular processes before morphological changes are visible on conventional imaging. As understanding of the pathophysiological and biomolecular processes involved in @entity0 evolves, newer functional MR techniques can be employed that define early predictive and surrogate biomarkers for monitoring response to chemotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is increasingly used in @entity1 with primary @entity0 to @entity2 and enable successful breast conservation surgery. It also plays a role in the treatment of undetected micrometastases. Cardinal physiological features of @entity2 that occur as a result of interactions between @entity2 cells, stromal cells and secreted factors and cytokines and how they change with treatment provide the opportunity to detect changes in the @entity2 microenvironment prior to any morphological change. Through sequential imaging, @entity2 response can be assessed and non-responders can be identified early to enable alternative therapies to be considered. This review summarises the functional magnetic resonance biomarkers of response in @entity1 with @entity0 that are currently available and under development. We describe the current state of each biomarker and explore their potential clinical uses and limitations in assessing treatment response. With the aid of selected interesting cases, biomarkers related to dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted MRI, T2*/BOLD and MR spectroscopy are described and illustrated. The potential of newer approaches, such as MR elastography, are also reviewed.

title: Functional magnetic resonance: biomarkers of response in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Large sessile @entity4 usually are managed surgically, with significant morbidity and potential mortality. There have been few prospective, intention-to-treat, multicenter studies of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). We investigated whether endoscopic criteria can predict invasive disease and direct the optimal treatment strategy. METHODS: The Australian Colonic Endoscopic (ACE) resection study group conducted a prospective, multicenter, observational study of all @entity0 referred for EMR of sessile @entity3 that were 20 mm or greater in size (n=479, mean age, 68.5 y; mean lesion size, 35.6 mm). We analyzed data on lesion characteristics and procedural, clinical, and histologic outcomes. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified independent predictors of EMR efficacy and recurrence of @entity2 , based on findings from follow-up colonoscopy examinations. RESULTS: Risk factors for submucosal invasion were as follows: Paris classification 0-IIa+c morphology, nongranular surface, and Kudo pit pattern type V. The most commonly observed lesion (0-IIa granular) had a low rate of submucosal invasion (1.4%). EMR was effective at completely removing the polyp in a single session in 89.2% of @entity0 ; risk factors for lack of efficacy included a prior attempt at EMR (odds ratio [OR], 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.77-7.94; P=.001) and ileocecal valve involvement (OR, 3.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-9.52; P=.021). Independent predictors of recurrence after effective EMR were lesion size greater than 40 mm (OR, 4.37; 95% confidence interval, 2.43-7.88; P<.001) and use of @entity5 plasma coagulation (OR, 3.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.69-7.27; P=.0017). There were no deaths from EMR; 83.7% of @entity0 avoided surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Large sessile @entity4 can be managed safely and effectively by endoscopy. Endoscopic assessment identifies lesions at increased risk of containing @entity1 . The first EMR is an important determinant of @entity0 outcome-a previous attempt is a significant risk factor for lack of efficacy.

title: Endoscopic mucosal resection outcomes and prediction of XXXX from advanced colonic mucosal neoplasia.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Worldwide, @entity1 is a leading cause of @entity2 and disability. @entity3 is responsible for up to 40% of @entity1 deaths. Recent strategies to improve mortality rates have focused on optimal methods of early @entity3 control and correction of @entity5 . We undertook a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) which evaluated @entity1 @entity0 with @entity3 within the first 24 hours of injury and appraised how the interventions affected three outcomes: @entity3 and/or transfusion requirements; correction of @entity1 induced @entity5 and mortality. METHODS: Comprehensive searches were performed of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library Issue 7, 2010), Current Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) and the National Health Service Blood and Transplant Systematic Review Initiative (NHSBT SRI) RCT Handsearch Database. RESULTS: A total of 35 RCTs were identified which evaluated a wide range of clinical interventions in @entity3 . Many of the included studies were of low methodological quality and @entity0 numbers were small. Bleeding outcomes were reported in 32 studies; 7 reported significantly reduced transfusion use following a variety of clinical interventions, but this was not accompanied by improved survival. Minimal information was found on traumatic @entity5 across the identified RCTs. Overall survival was improved in only three RCTs: two small studies and a large study evaluating the use of @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Despite 35 RCTs there has been little improvement in outcomes over the last few decades. No clear correlation has been demonstrated between transfusion requirements and mortality. The global @entity1 community should consider a coordinated and strategic approach to conduct well designed studies with pragmatic endpoints.

title: The acute management of XXXX : a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a difference between on-pump cardiopulmonary bypass (CABG) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) without heparin reversal with regard to @entity3 , transfusion requirements, and incidence of surgical re-exploration of the mediastinum. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: A large academic medical center. @entity0 : Two hundred adult @entity0 undergoing cardiac surgery. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One hundred CABG @entity0 were compared with 100 @entity2 @entity0 . Statistical significance was measured with P values of <or=0.05. The heparin was not reversed in the @entity2 @entity0 . CABG @entity0 received more intraoperative allogeneic red blood cells (median 250 mL v 0 mL, p = 0.002), intraoperative autotransfusion (IAT) (550 mL v 425 mL, p = 0.001), platelets (9% v 1%, p = 0.009), and less albumin (0 mL v 250 mL, p = 0.001) than @entity2 @entity0 . Postoperatively, CABG @entity0 were more likely to receive fresh-frozen plasma (19% v 8%, p = 0.03) and less likely to receive IAT than the @entity2 group. During the initial 4-hour postoperative period, @entity2 @entity0 exhibited greater @entity1 via chest tube (290 mL v 385 mL, p = 0.003); however, at 12 hours and 24 hours postoperatively, there was no statistical difference in @entity1 between the 2 groups. There were no statistically significant differences in surgical re-exploration of the mediastinum between the CABG and @entity2 groups. CONCLUSION: Despite not reversing the heparin at the end of the @entity2 surgery, @entity2 surgery was associated with an overall reduction in allogeneic transfusion requirements.

title: A comparison of XXXX and transfusion in @entity0 who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting via sternotomy with and without cardiopulmonary bypass.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a difference between on-pump cardiopulmonary bypass (CABG) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) without heparin reversal with regard to @entity3 , transfusion requirements, and incidence of surgical re-exploration of the mediastinum. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: A large academic medical center. @entity0 : Two hundred adult @entity0 undergoing cardiac surgery. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One hundred CABG @entity0 were compared with 100 @entity2 @entity0 . Statistical significance was measured with P values of <or=0.05. The heparin was not reversed in the @entity2 @entity0 . CABG @entity0 received more intraoperative allogeneic red blood cells (median 250 mL v 0 mL, p = 0.002), intraoperative autotransfusion (IAT) (550 mL v 425 mL, p = 0.001), platelets (9% v 1%, p = 0.009), and less albumin (0 mL v 250 mL, p = 0.001) than @entity2 @entity0 . Postoperatively, CABG @entity0 were more likely to receive fresh-frozen plasma (19% v 8%, p = 0.03) and less likely to receive IAT than the @entity2 group. During the initial 4-hour postoperative period, @entity2 @entity0 exhibited greater @entity1 via chest tube (290 mL v 385 mL, p = 0.003); however, at 12 hours and 24 hours postoperatively, there was no statistical difference in @entity1 between the 2 groups. There were no statistically significant differences in surgical re-exploration of the mediastinum between the CABG and @entity2 groups. CONCLUSION: Despite not reversing the heparin at the end of the @entity2 surgery, @entity2 surgery was associated with an overall reduction in allogeneic transfusion requirements.

title: A comparison of @entity3 and transfusion in XXXX who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting via sternotomy with and without cardiopulmonary bypass.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to establish whether regional @entity1 ( @entity1 ) reduces ischemic reperfusion @entity5 in @entity0 who undergo @entity4 ( @entity4 ). DESIGN: A controlled, randomized, prospective study. SETTING: A university hospital. @entity0 : Thirty-two @entity0 with @entity3 (including @entity9 ) who were to undergo @entity4 were randomized into an @entity1 and a control group. INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 was induced by occluding the @entity9 twice for a 2-minute period followed by 3-minute @entity9 reperfusion before bypass grafting of the first coronary vessel. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-four-hour electrocardiography was recorded from the preoperative day to the second postoperative day. The heart rate (HR) was significantly elevated after surgery. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) events were similar before and after surgery. The incidence of @entity0 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was significantly increased after the operation. @entity5 occurred mostly during @entity2 and the early reperfusion period and recovered 2 hours after reperfusion. @entity10 were mostly encountered 24 hours after reperfusion. @entity1 significantly suppressed HR elevation, @entity10 , and @entity7 after surgery. @entity10 , @entity8 , and @entity6 episodes were similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 was a common phenomenon during and after an @entity4 procedure. The present @entity1 protocol significantly suppressed HR elevation, the episodes of @entity10 , and the incidence of @entity7 after surgery.

title: XXXX in @entity4 and the antiarrhythmic effect of regional @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to establish whether regional @entity1 ( @entity1 ) reduces ischemic reperfusion @entity5 in @entity0 who undergo @entity4 ( @entity4 ). DESIGN: A controlled, randomized, prospective study. SETTING: A university hospital. @entity0 : Thirty-two @entity0 with @entity3 (including @entity9 ) who were to undergo @entity4 were randomized into an @entity1 and a control group. INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 was induced by occluding the @entity9 twice for a 2-minute period followed by 3-minute @entity9 reperfusion before bypass grafting of the first coronary vessel. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-four-hour electrocardiography was recorded from the preoperative day to the second postoperative day. The heart rate (HR) was significantly elevated after surgery. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) events were similar before and after surgery. The incidence of @entity0 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was significantly increased after the operation. @entity5 occurred mostly during @entity2 and the early reperfusion period and recovered 2 hours after reperfusion. @entity10 were mostly encountered 24 hours after reperfusion. @entity1 significantly suppressed HR elevation, @entity10 , and @entity7 after surgery. @entity10 , @entity8 , and @entity6 episodes were similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 was a common phenomenon during and after an @entity4 procedure. The present @entity1 protocol significantly suppressed HR elevation, the episodes of @entity10 , and the incidence of @entity7 after surgery.

title: @entity5 in @entity4 and the antiarrhythmic effect of regional XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to establish whether regional @entity1 ( @entity1 ) reduces ischemic reperfusion @entity5 in @entity0 who undergo @entity4 ( @entity4 ). DESIGN: A controlled, randomized, prospective study. SETTING: A university hospital. @entity0 : Thirty-two @entity0 with @entity3 (including @entity9 ) who were to undergo @entity4 were randomized into an @entity1 and a control group. INTERVENTIONS: @entity1 was induced by occluding the @entity9 twice for a 2-minute period followed by 3-minute @entity9 reperfusion before bypass grafting of the first coronary vessel. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-four-hour electrocardiography was recorded from the preoperative day to the second postoperative day. The heart rate (HR) was significantly elevated after surgery. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) events were similar before and after surgery. The incidence of @entity0 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was significantly increased after the operation. @entity5 occurred mostly during @entity2 and the early reperfusion period and recovered 2 hours after reperfusion. @entity10 were mostly encountered 24 hours after reperfusion. @entity1 significantly suppressed HR elevation, @entity10 , and @entity7 after surgery. @entity10 , @entity8 , and @entity6 episodes were similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 was a common phenomenon during and after an @entity4 procedure. The present @entity1 protocol significantly suppressed HR elevation, the episodes of @entity10 , and the incidence of @entity7 after surgery.

title: @entity5 in XXXX and the antiarrhythmic effect of regional @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A pharmacokinetic method of establishing individualized doses of @entity8 in @entity0 with acute @entity9 was evaluated. @entity0 admitted to a hospital who required intravenous @entity8 for bronchodilation were studied. Blood samples were drawn before treatment for @entity7 -content measurement. Loading doses were administered intravenously and half-lives and volumes of distribution were determined. Individualized constant-rate infusions based on pharmacokinetic data were then begun. Heart rate, @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity4 , and serum @entity7 content were monitored during the study. The mean age of the 55 @entity0 in the study was 54.3 years (range: 7 to 87). @entity0 with @entity5 or @entity3 numbered 32; 30 @entity0 were smokers. At approximately 24 hours after the calculated constant-rate infusion was begun, 85% of the @entity0 had therapeutic serum levels of @entity7 ; 11% of the @entity0 had subtherapeutic levels and 4% had toxic levels. All measured concentrations were between 7.5 and 23.0 microgram/ml. The study method produced significantly more @entity0 in the therapeutic range than would have occurred if previously reported standardized methods had been used (p less than 0.05). Most @entity0 had a @entity6 after treatment. No other adverse effects occurred that were attributable to i.v. @entity8 . It is concluded that, for @entity0 in acute @entity9 , individualizing i.v. @entity8 doses with @entity0 -specific pharmacokinetic data can increase significantly the number of @entity0 who rapidly attain therapeutic serum @entity7 levels.

title: Use of a pharmacokinetic method for establishing doses of XXXX to treat acute @entity9 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: A pharmacokinetic method of establishing individualized doses of @entity8 in @entity0 with acute @entity9 was evaluated. @entity0 admitted to a hospital who required intravenous @entity8 for bronchodilation were studied. Blood samples were drawn before treatment for @entity7 -content measurement. Loading doses were administered intravenously and half-lives and volumes of distribution were determined. Individualized constant-rate infusions based on pharmacokinetic data were then begun. Heart rate, @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity4 , and serum @entity7 content were monitored during the study. The mean age of the 55 @entity0 in the study was 54.3 years (range: 7 to 87). @entity0 with @entity5 or @entity3 numbered 32; 30 @entity0 were smokers. At approximately 24 hours after the calculated constant-rate infusion was begun, 85% of the @entity0 had therapeutic serum levels of @entity7 ; 11% of the @entity0 had subtherapeutic levels and 4% had toxic levels. All measured concentrations were between 7.5 and 23.0 microgram/ml. The study method produced significantly more @entity0 in the therapeutic range than would have occurred if previously reported standardized methods had been used (p less than 0.05). Most @entity0 had a @entity6 after treatment. No other adverse effects occurred that were attributable to i.v. @entity8 . It is concluded that, for @entity0 in acute @entity9 , individualizing i.v. @entity8 doses with @entity0 -specific pharmacokinetic data can increase significantly the number of @entity0 who rapidly attain therapeutic serum @entity7 levels.

title: Use of a pharmacokinetic method for establishing doses of @entity8 to treat acute XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of @entity6 polymorphism on menopausal symptoms after @entity1 treatment. METHODS: A total of 130 @entity0 were recruited, but only 100 of these were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria; they were treated with 0.3 mg/day conjugated @entity5 @entity1 . One year later, the study was completed by 71 @entity0 . The analysis of the Kupperman menopausal index symptoms was made with information provided by the @entity0 on daily diary cards. Blood samples were analyzed and the @entity0 were divided into two groups based on the @entity6 , 5'-untranslated region: group A (wild-type homozygote and heterozygote) and group B (mutated homozygote). RESULTS: The values for the Kupperman menopausal index were similar in both groups at baseline. The symptoms in both groups decreased after 1 year of treatment when compared to those at baseline. The improvement rate was approximately 27.09% and 32.18%, in groups A and B, respectively. The levels of @entity1 after treatment were higher in both groups in comparison with the baseline values. The @entity2 level rose in group B with the 1-year treatment (0.48 + 0.16 ng/ml), reaching a higher level than the level in group A after treatment. The @entity4 ( @entity4 ) level showed a significant increase after the 1-year treatment in group B, surpassing both the baseline and the after-treatment values in group A (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the @entity6 polymorphism did not influence the action of @entity1 on menopause symptoms during the 1-year treatment. The extra production of @entity1 and @entity3 may have been countered by the elevation of @entity4 levels.

title: Influence of the XXXX polymorphism on vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal @entity0 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of @entity6 polymorphism on menopausal symptoms after @entity1 treatment. METHODS: A total of 130 @entity0 were recruited, but only 100 of these were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria; they were treated with 0.3 mg/day conjugated @entity5 @entity1 . One year later, the study was completed by 71 @entity0 . The analysis of the Kupperman menopausal index symptoms was made with information provided by the @entity0 on daily diary cards. Blood samples were analyzed and the @entity0 were divided into two groups based on the @entity6 , 5'-untranslated region: group A (wild-type homozygote and heterozygote) and group B (mutated homozygote). RESULTS: The values for the Kupperman menopausal index were similar in both groups at baseline. The symptoms in both groups decreased after 1 year of treatment when compared to those at baseline. The improvement rate was approximately 27.09% and 32.18%, in groups A and B, respectively. The levels of @entity1 after treatment were higher in both groups in comparison with the baseline values. The @entity2 level rose in group B with the 1-year treatment (0.48 + 0.16 ng/ml), reaching a higher level than the level in group A after treatment. The @entity4 ( @entity4 ) level showed a significant increase after the 1-year treatment in group B, surpassing both the baseline and the after-treatment values in group A (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the @entity6 polymorphism did not influence the action of @entity1 on menopause symptoms during the 1-year treatment. The extra production of @entity1 and @entity3 may have been countered by the elevation of @entity4 levels.

title: Influence of the @entity6 polymorphism on vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Kinases are enzymes that are involved in a wide-range of cellular targets such as cell proliferation, metabolism, survival and apoptosis. Aberrations in the activity of the kinases have been linked to many @entity1 diseases such as @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity2 . The discovery of more than 518 kinases encoded by the @entity1 genome has spurred the development of rapid screening techniques for potential drugs against these enzymes and these have been identified as interesting targets for medicinal chemistry programs, especially in @entity2 therapy. On the other hand, @entity6 and @entity7 have been increasingly recognized as essential elements in biology and medicine. Converging data from epidemiological and clinical studies have highlighted these elements as effective chemopreventive agents, particularly against various types of @entity2 (prostate, lung, @entity0 , colon, skin, lymphome, thyroid, pancreas, liver). These elements act through a wide range of potential mechanisms where one identified signal pathway event is kinase modulation, which is common for the two elements and emerges as a valid target. The kinases modulated by @entity6 and @entity7 derivatives include MAP, ERK, @entity8 , @entity5 , @entity11 , @entity9 and @entity10 amongst others. Although both of the elements in question are in the same group in the periodic table and have similar biochemistries, there are relevant differences related to redox potentials, stabilities, oxidation states and anticancer activity. Literature data suggest that the replacement of @entity6 by @entity7 in established @entity2 chemopreventive agents results in more effective chemopreventive analogs. In view of the multi-target kinase mechanisms in preventing cellular transformation, as well as the differences and similarities between them, in this review we focus on the development of new structures that contain @entity7 and/or @entity6 and discuss our understanding of the regulation of antitumoral effects with emphasis on kinase modulation activity and its implications in @entity2 .

title: Kinase regulation by XXXX and @entity7 containing compounds.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Kinases are enzymes that are involved in a wide-range of cellular targets such as cell proliferation, metabolism, survival and apoptosis. Aberrations in the activity of the kinases have been linked to many @entity1 diseases such as @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity2 . The discovery of more than 518 kinases encoded by the @entity1 genome has spurred the development of rapid screening techniques for potential drugs against these enzymes and these have been identified as interesting targets for medicinal chemistry programs, especially in @entity2 therapy. On the other hand, @entity6 and @entity7 have been increasingly recognized as essential elements in biology and medicine. Converging data from epidemiological and clinical studies have highlighted these elements as effective chemopreventive agents, particularly against various types of @entity2 (prostate, lung, @entity0 , colon, skin, lymphome, thyroid, pancreas, liver). These elements act through a wide range of potential mechanisms where one identified signal pathway event is kinase modulation, which is common for the two elements and emerges as a valid target. The kinases modulated by @entity6 and @entity7 derivatives include MAP, ERK, @entity8 , @entity5 , @entity11 , @entity9 and @entity10 amongst others. Although both of the elements in question are in the same group in the periodic table and have similar biochemistries, there are relevant differences related to redox potentials, stabilities, oxidation states and anticancer activity. Literature data suggest that the replacement of @entity6 by @entity7 in established @entity2 chemopreventive agents results in more effective chemopreventive analogs. In view of the multi-target kinase mechanisms in preventing cellular transformation, as well as the differences and similarities between them, in this review we focus on the development of new structures that contain @entity7 and/or @entity6 and discuss our understanding of the regulation of antitumoral effects with emphasis on kinase modulation activity and its implications in @entity2 .

title: Kinase regulation by @entity6 and XXXX containing compounds.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nowadays early diagnosis of @entity2 represents a major challenge in asymptomatic subjects with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) recently emerged as an important tool with clinical relevance in several @entity1 . AIM: To evaluate the ability of @entity3 in detecting early longitudinal @entity0 in asymptomatic subjects, with LV ejection fraction >55%, normal diastolic function, and its relationship with CV risk factors. METHODS: A total of 1,371 subjects (median age 60 years, 595 males) formed our study population: Controls, 265 healthy subjects; Group I, 434 subjects with one CV risk factor; Group II, 401 subjects with two CV risk factors; Group III, 271 subjects with >=  3 CV risk factors. All subjects underwent a comprehensive standard echo Doppler evaluation, including PW-TDI study. RESULTS: Diastolic parameters such as (E\A, A-wave, Em\Am; E\Em) were able to discriminate the number of CV risk factors. The only systolic parameter that progressively reduced by increasing the number of CV risk factors was @entity2 (Sm), (P < 0.0001). At multivariate analysis, the only functional parameter able to predict the increasing number of CV risk factors was Sm (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: TDI is able to identify early @entity2 in presence of apparently normal systolic and diastolic function and progressively impairs with increasing CV risk factors. These findings could be clinically relevant in identifying asymptomatic subjects who need a early tailored preventive treatment.

title: Early left XXXX and cardiovascular risk factors in 1,371 asymptomatic subjects with normal ejection fraction: a tissue Doppler study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: (101/El x C3H/el)F1 male @entity0 were infected intraperitoneally with the mutagen @entity3 and immediately caged with untreated test-stock females. Crude liver extracts from the offspring were subjected to @entity2 gel isoelectric focusing, and the gels were stained for six enzymes. In the experimental group (mutagen treated spermatogonial germ-cell stage), a dominant inherited banding alteration of the @entity1 dehydrogenase (LDH) pattern was detected. By crossing the heterozygous mutants, homozygotes were obtained that showed much less gel staining intensity. The mutation is codominantly expressed with 100% penetrance. The banding alteration was also observed in muscle, kidney, heart, blood, brain, testis, spleen, and lung. @entity2 gel electrophoresis was performed with all the tissues examined. The mutation causes the intensity of the band corresponding to @entity5 (primary molecular form in muscle) to decrease from that of the wild type, while the intensity of the bands corresponding to @entity4 (primary molecular form in heart) remains constant. It is concluded that the mutation affects the locus coding for LDH of the muscle type. Ldh-1c is proposed as the allele symbol.

title: A mutation affecting the @entity1 dehydrogenase locus XXXX in the @entity0 -I. Genetical and electrophoretical characterization.

answer: @entity5


abstract: (101/El x C3H/el)F1 male @entity0 were infected intraperitoneally with the mutagen @entity3 and immediately caged with untreated test-stock females. Crude liver extracts from the offspring were subjected to @entity2 gel isoelectric focusing, and the gels were stained for six enzymes. In the experimental group (mutagen treated spermatogonial germ-cell stage), a dominant inherited banding alteration of the @entity1 dehydrogenase (LDH) pattern was detected. By crossing the heterozygous mutants, homozygotes were obtained that showed much less gel staining intensity. The mutation is codominantly expressed with 100% penetrance. The banding alteration was also observed in muscle, kidney, heart, blood, brain, testis, spleen, and lung. @entity2 gel electrophoresis was performed with all the tissues examined. The mutation causes the intensity of the band corresponding to @entity5 (primary molecular form in muscle) to decrease from that of the wild type, while the intensity of the bands corresponding to @entity4 (primary molecular form in heart) remains constant. It is concluded that the mutation affects the locus coding for LDH of the muscle type. Ldh-1c is proposed as the allele symbol.

title: A mutation affecting the XXXX dehydrogenase locus @entity5 in the @entity0 -I. Genetical and electrophoretical characterization.

answer: @entity1


abstract: (101/El x C3H/el)F1 male @entity0 were infected intraperitoneally with the mutagen @entity3 and immediately caged with untreated test-stock females. Crude liver extracts from the offspring were subjected to @entity2 gel isoelectric focusing, and the gels were stained for six enzymes. In the experimental group (mutagen treated spermatogonial germ-cell stage), a dominant inherited banding alteration of the @entity1 dehydrogenase (LDH) pattern was detected. By crossing the heterozygous mutants, homozygotes were obtained that showed much less gel staining intensity. The mutation is codominantly expressed with 100% penetrance. The banding alteration was also observed in muscle, kidney, heart, blood, brain, testis, spleen, and lung. @entity2 gel electrophoresis was performed with all the tissues examined. The mutation causes the intensity of the band corresponding to @entity5 (primary molecular form in muscle) to decrease from that of the wild type, while the intensity of the bands corresponding to @entity4 (primary molecular form in heart) remains constant. It is concluded that the mutation affects the locus coding for LDH of the muscle type. Ldh-1c is proposed as the allele symbol.

title: A mutation affecting the @entity1 dehydrogenase locus @entity5 in the XXXX -I. Genetical and electrophoretical characterization.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To study the relationship between cervical lengths measured by ultrasound and risk of @entity2 . MATERIAL _ METHODS: We examined 209 @entity0 with singleton pregnancies. The inclusion criteria were @entity0 who presented with regular and painful @entity1 (>= 2 @entity1 at intervals of 10 min for at least 1 h). Transvaginal scan was performed to measure the cervical length. The clinical management of the @entity0 , including hospitalization and administration of tocolytics, was determined by the attending obstetricians, who were blinded about cervical length. The primary outcome was delivery within 7 days of presentation. RESULTS: Delivery within 7 days of presentation occurred in 19/209 (9%) of pregnancies who were presenting with regular and painful uterine contraction at 31 weeks of gestation, and this was inversely related to cervical length. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that cervical length and history of abortion remain as significant contributors to predicting delivery within 7 days. Of the @entity0 who presented with threatened @entity2 , 117 (56%) received tocolytics, and 92 (44%) did not. In the group with a cervical length of <15 mm, delivery within 7 days occurred in 15/21 (71.4%) who were treated with tocolytics and 2/5 (40%) that were managed expectantly. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with threatened @entity2 and a cervical length of <15 mm at presentation are at high risk of delivering preterm within 7 days. Sonographic measurement of cervical length helps to avoid over-diagnosis of @entity2 .

title: Sonographic measurement of cervical length and risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: One may consider that the @entity0 with @entity4 complicating a primary @entity5 has two distinctly different diseases: 1) a @entity1 , and 2) @entity4 . The @entity4 may be obstructive, communicating, or (in the case of @entity7 ) hypersecretory. This paper presents the incidence, symptomatology, and management of @entity4 associated with @entity5 in 156 @entity0 and with @entity3 in 21 @entity0 , all treated by the first author during the period 1967 to 1979. @entity8 was the most commonly encountered @entity1 . Of 117 @entity0 with cerebellar-fourth @entity1 , 110 had @entity4 , whereas 11 of 34 with @entity9 and all 21 with @entity3 presented with @entity4 . Of the total 143 @entity0 with @entity4 , shunts were inserted before craniotomy in 123, with the interval between shunt insertion and craniotomy for @entity1 removal ranging from 1 to 21 days. Eighteen of these @entity0 required shunt revisions after craniotomy; 36 of 80 @entity0 followed for 6 months or more had their shunts permanently removed, but it was necessary to reinsert the shunt from 5 days to 13 months later in 30% of these @entity0 . Only 25 @entity0 remained permanently shunt-free. It is considered that the placement of shunts before craniotomy is justified by the extraordinarily high incidence of @entity6 and @entity2 associated with @entity4 . " @entity10 " and dissemination of neoplastic cells through the shunting system are theoretical contraindications to precraniotomy shunt insertion, although the former is rare (3%), and there is no statistical evidence to support the latter.

title: XXXX and @entity1 . Incidence, clinical picture, and treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: One may consider that the @entity0 with @entity4 complicating a primary @entity5 has two distinctly different diseases: 1) a @entity1 , and 2) @entity4 . The @entity4 may be obstructive, communicating, or (in the case of @entity7 ) hypersecretory. This paper presents the incidence, symptomatology, and management of @entity4 associated with @entity5 in 156 @entity0 and with @entity3 in 21 @entity0 , all treated by the first author during the period 1967 to 1979. @entity8 was the most commonly encountered @entity1 . Of 117 @entity0 with cerebellar-fourth @entity1 , 110 had @entity4 , whereas 11 of 34 with @entity9 and all 21 with @entity3 presented with @entity4 . Of the total 143 @entity0 with @entity4 , shunts were inserted before craniotomy in 123, with the interval between shunt insertion and craniotomy for @entity1 removal ranging from 1 to 21 days. Eighteen of these @entity0 required shunt revisions after craniotomy; 36 of 80 @entity0 followed for 6 months or more had their shunts permanently removed, but it was necessary to reinsert the shunt from 5 days to 13 months later in 30% of these @entity0 . Only 25 @entity0 remained permanently shunt-free. It is considered that the placement of shunts before craniotomy is justified by the extraordinarily high incidence of @entity6 and @entity2 associated with @entity4 . " @entity10 " and dissemination of neoplastic cells through the shunting system are theoretical contraindications to precraniotomy shunt insertion, although the former is rare (3%), and there is no statistical evidence to support the latter.

title: @entity4 and XXXX . Incidence, clinical picture, and treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic resection in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is limited by the presence of lymph node @entity1 (LNM), highlighting the importance of determining which @entity0 have virtually no risk of LNM. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological parameters predicting LNM in @entity0 who underwent esophagectomy for SESCs and to identify the best candidate @entity0 for endoscopic resection. DESIGN: Retrospective, single-center study. SETTING: Tertiary-care center. @entity0 : A total of 190 @entity0 who underwent esophagectomy for SESCs between 1991 and 2009. INTERVENTIONS: Esophagectomy with lymph node dissection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: LNM. RESULTS: Of 190 @entity0 , 39 (20.5%) had LNM. The rates of LNM in @entity0 with m1, m2, m3, @entity3 , @entity5 , and sm3 lesions were 0.0% (0/18), 8.7% (4/46), 25.0% (6/24), 15.0% (3/20), 26.0% (7/27), and 37.3% (19/51), respectively. On multivariate analysis, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (P<.001), superficial @entity2 size (P=.004), and lower LMM (lamina muscularis mucosae) invasion width (P<.001) were independent predictors of LNM in @entity0 with @entity4 invading the LMM. Among 63 @entity0 with mucosal or @entity3 @entity2 3 cm or smaller, only 1 had LNM without LVI showing a lower LMM invasion width greater than 3.0 mm. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic resection should be performed for mucosal @entity2 of 3 cm or less without positive lymph nodes. Moreover, if pathological examination of the endoscopically resected specimens shows invasion of the @entity3 layer and a lower LMM invasion width of 3.0 mm or less, indicating an absence of LVI, the @entity0 can be carefully observed without additional treatment.

title: Feasibility of endoscopic resection in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) activation is known to be associated with conditions where the incidence of @entity4 is increased, and where cardiomyocyte @entity2 -overload occurs. The goal of this study was to determine whether CaMKII inhibition in the intact heart may be linked to the suppression of @entity4 occurring during reperfusion after an ischemic insult. METHODS: Non-paced male @entity0 hearts (n = 8-11) were treated with a CaMKII inhibitor ( @entity7 , 2.5  mol/L) 10 min prior to global @entity1 (20 min) and for the initial 10 min of reperfusion. Cardiac mechanical and arrhythmic responses were evaluated under constant pressure perfusion conditions and myocyte damage assessed by measurement of coronary effluent @entity3 dehydrogenase (LDH). RESULTS: Under basal conditions, @entity7 increased coronary flow (41    8% increase, p<0.05) and was negatively inotropic (29    7% decrease, p<0.05), but did not affect heart rate. @entity6 was significantly diminished in @entity7 -treated hearts (onset, min: 11.48    0.50 vs 16.27    1.23, p<0.05). CaMKII inhibition in early reperfusion almost completely abolished the incidence of @entity5 in reperfusion (11/11 control vs 1/8 @entity7 ). In the absence of @entity4 , heart rate was substantially reduced (% basal; 100    3% vs 46    8%, p<0.05) throughout reperfusion. Left ventricular developed pressure was initially low in @entity7 hearts post- @entity1 , but recovered to control levels by the end of 60 min reperfusion (68    5% vs 56    5%, p = ns). LDH was significantly reduced in @entity7 -treated hearts. CONCLUSION: Although CaMKII inhibition diminishes contractile performance of the intact heart in the initial post-ischemic period, it provides crucial benefits through protection against potentially lethal reperfusion-induced @entity4 and cardiomyocyte sarcolemmal rupture.

title: XXXX /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase inhibition suppresses post-ischemic arrhythmogenesis and mediates sinus bradycardic recovery in reperfusion.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine stone composition, metabolic evaluation and colonization of Oxalobacter formigenes as risk factors for @entity2 formation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighty @entity0 with @entity2 and 70 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Of the 80 @entity0 , 48 were first-time stone formers (FSF) and 32 were 'recurrent' stone formers ( @entity7 ), recurrent indicating 2 or more episodes of stone formation. Stone analysis by X-ray crystallography, 24-hour urine metabolic profile and detection of O. formigenes-specific DNA by PCR were performed for each @entity0 . Detection of O. formigenes was also performed on 45 and urinary metabolic profile on an additional 25 controls. RESULTS: @entity4 was the major component of stones, @entity6 and hypocitraturia were the most common @entity3 in the 80 @entity0 , 46% of @entity7 @entity0 had @entity5 . @entity3 were far less frequent in the controls, with the exception of hypocitraturia (40%). Of the urinary metabolites, only @entity1 levels were significantly different (p < 0.05) between FSF (6.50 +/- 4.08 mmol/24 h) and @entity7 (8.21 +/- 5.26 mmol/24 h) @entity0 . Colonization of O. formigenes was higher in controls (62.2%) than in FSF (33.3%) or @entity7 (28%) @entity0 , it was least in @entity0 with more than 4 episodes (7%) of stone formation. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that lack of colonization of O. formigenes may be an important risk factor for recurrence of stone formation ( @entity4 ).

title: Stone composition, metabolic profile and the presence of the gut-inhabiting bacterium Oxalobacter formigenes as risk factors for XXXX formation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 of bone is a rare and a diagnostically challenging @entity2 entity. Over a 7-year period, we identified 8 such cases that fulfilled the diagnostic criteria in 6 @entity0 and 2 @entity0 , with age ranging from 25 to 59 years (mean, 42.7 years). All cases were noted in the lower limbs, including femur and tibia as the commonly involved bones in 4 and 3 cases, respectively. On radiography, the most consistent feature was a solitary @entity4 with cortical destruction, unassociated with matrix formation. On histopathology, all cases showed spindly sarcomatous cells, mostly arranged in fascicles and whorls. Of 8 cases, 6 (75%) were of high grade. Prominent vasculature was noted in 5 cases. Two cases displayed focal mineralization, including calcification and heterotropic woven bone formation in 1 case each, but lacked malignant osteoid or chondroid matrix. One case showed osteoclast-like giant cells. On immunohistochemistry, smooth muscle actin was diffusely positive in all cases (100%), @entity6 was positive in 6 (75%) of 8 cases, and h-caldesmon was positive in 5 (83.3%) of 6 cases. Five cases underwent surgery, including 3 amputations and 2 wide excisions. One case underwent chemotherapy. On follow-up, 5 cases developed @entity1 , including 1 case with another, who died within 17 and 5 months. @entity3 is uncommon and diagnostically challenging. An index of suspicion is necessary for this diagnosis, especially in cases of lytic, destructive @entity3 , unassociated with matrix production, that show spindly sarcomatous cells on histopathology. Immunohistochemical analysis, including an optimum panel formed by smooth muscle actin (diffuse positivity), @entity6 , and h-caldesmon, is necessary for substantiating this diagnosis. Surgery forms the treatment mainstay. The prognosis appears to be dismal.

title: XXXX of bone--a clinicopathologic study of 8 uncommon cases with immunohistochemical analysis and clinical outcomes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: 1. Acid secretion by the @entity0 @entity4 was studied by microperfusion of the epididymal duct and by measuring the pH of the perfusate at a constant p @entity1 using a micro pH sensitive electrode. The rate of acidification was expressed as the rate of fall of intraluminal @entity5 per cm duct per min.2. When the cauda epididymal duct was perfused with normal @entity5 solution, the luminal @entity5 concentration fell at a rate of 0.59 +/- 0.39 n-equiv cm(-1) min(-1) (mean +/- s.e.,n = 22).3. The rate of luminal acidification was independent of the perfusion rate but was dependent on the concentration of @entity5 in the perfusion fluid. The rate of fall of luminal @entity5 increased with increasing @entity5 concentration and showed saturation at an intraluminal @entity5 concentration of 25 @entity9 /l.4. Acidification was abolished in the absence of intraluminal @entity3 ions. This may suggest a linked @entity3 reabsorption and @entity7 ion secretion.5. Acidification of the luminal fluid was studied under different acid-base conditions. In animals undergoing @entity2 , the rate of acidification was enhanced, and conversely in animals undergoing @entity8 , the rate was depressed.6. Intravenous infusion of @entity6 into @entity0 at a dose rate of 20 mg/kg.hr markedly inhibited the acidification process. This effect was still observed in animals undergoing @entity2 . @entity6 (10(-5)m) applied luminally was found to have no effect but higher concentration (10(-4)m) was found to inhibit acidification by 50%.7. The role of acidification of the epididymal fluid in sperm maturation was discussed.

title: Luminal acidification by the perfused @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. Acid secretion by the @entity0 @entity4 was studied by microperfusion of the epididymal duct and by measuring the pH of the perfusate at a constant p @entity1 using a micro pH sensitive electrode. The rate of acidification was expressed as the rate of fall of intraluminal @entity5 per cm duct per min.2. When the cauda epididymal duct was perfused with normal @entity5 solution, the luminal @entity5 concentration fell at a rate of 0.59 +/- 0.39 n-equiv cm(-1) min(-1) (mean +/- s.e.,n = 22).3. The rate of luminal acidification was independent of the perfusion rate but was dependent on the concentration of @entity5 in the perfusion fluid. The rate of fall of luminal @entity5 increased with increasing @entity5 concentration and showed saturation at an intraluminal @entity5 concentration of 25 @entity9 /l.4. Acidification was abolished in the absence of intraluminal @entity3 ions. This may suggest a linked @entity3 reabsorption and @entity7 ion secretion.5. Acidification of the luminal fluid was studied under different acid-base conditions. In animals undergoing @entity2 , the rate of acidification was enhanced, and conversely in animals undergoing @entity8 , the rate was depressed.6. Intravenous infusion of @entity6 into @entity0 at a dose rate of 20 mg/kg.hr markedly inhibited the acidification process. This effect was still observed in animals undergoing @entity2 . @entity6 (10(-5)m) applied luminally was found to have no effect but higher concentration (10(-4)m) was found to inhibit acidification by 50%.7. The role of acidification of the epididymal fluid in sperm maturation was discussed.

title: Luminal acidification by the perfused XXXX @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Hematological studies were conducted in three wild groups of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) inhabiting the Polonnaruwa Sanctuary in northeastern @entity2 Lanka. The macaques were temporarily trapped and anesthetized, and femoral blood was drawn from 35 males and 37 females (age range: 0.33-24.5 yr). Statistically significant (P<0.05) differences were observed by sex for total plasma proteins (PP), and by age for red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), mean corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC), PP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), differential and absolute neutrophil counts, differential lymphocyte counts, and absolute eosinophil counts. In general, the results were similar to those reported for other species of colony-bred and free-ranging macaques. However, there also were differences. First, in contrast to earlier studies of nonhuman primates, we examined the hematology of @entity0 . Compared to other age classes, @entity0 (<1 yr old) had lower RBC, Hb, MCHC, and ESR values, and a higher MCV. These findings were similar to those obtained in @entity0 @entity0 . Second, we observed variations in hematology among social groups in relation to their ecology. Two groups (IH3 and M3) had ready access to water throughout the dry season (the period of sampling), whereas the third group (J) did not. The Hb, RBC, and PP values obtained in groups IH3 and M3 were similar to those reported in other macaque species. However, these parameters in group J were significantly (P<0.01) higher, which suggests that this group (representing about 26% of the sample) had been dehydrated during the dry season. Finally, two indices indicative of @entity1 and leukocyte counts--were higher in the wild toque macaques than has been reported for other species of macaques held in captivity, and about 15% of the toque macaques sampled had extreme outlier values for these parameters; however, none were visibly ill or died. These results suggest that wild toque macaques are subject to a wide array of physical and biological insults that are unique to natural populations.

title: Hematology of a natural population of toque macaques (Macaca sinica) at polonnaruwa, XXXX Lanka.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although data are absent, it has been stated that thrombolysis is probably not safe in the treatment of @entity1 in @entity0 undergoing hemodialysis. The objective of this study was for @entity1 experts to define the range of management concerning thrombolytic treatment of @entity1 in hemodialysis. DESIGN, SETTING, @entity0 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Sixty-five @entity1 experts in thrombolytic therapy of acute @entity2 were queried regarding their personal experience in the use of thrombolysis in hemodialysis @entity0 . Hypothetical case scenarios were presented. RESULTS: Of the 65 @entity1 experts who were queried, 40 (62%) responded. One-third of the responders had previously treated hemodialysis @entity0 with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Most favored use of intravenous rt-PA for hemodialysis @entity0 with acute @entity2 . When presented with a case of a @entity0 who had recently undergone dialysis with a mildly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), 50% favored immediate intravenous thrombolysis. Seventy-eight percent of the experts would have considered an intra-arterial approach and would have preferred mechanical clot retrieval to thrombolysis. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the acknowledged absence of data and prevalent concerns about bleeding risk, most surveyed experts favored its use. One-third reported treating hemodialysis @entity0 with this therapy. Although these results do not substitute for data, they usefully define the range of current practice of @entity1 experts.

title: Thrombolysis for XXXX in hemodialysis: international survey of expert opinion.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Two schools in rural Tanzania were surveyed regarding the pupils' nutrition (weight and height), serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM, and IgE), autoantibodies, @entity1 antibodies, @entity3 . The survey attempted to quantify the relative importance of undernutrition and @entity5 in determining the serological abnormalities found. Of all the @entity0 surveyed 69% were undernourished (less than 80% of expected weight for age); 63% had fecal parasites and 38% had @entity6 . Serum IgG and IgM concentrations were raised and the serum IgE concentration was strikingly raised (mean 4990IU/ml). Elevated serum IgE was associated with @entity4 . Autoantibodies were common but no @entity2 was detected. Notably there was a 35% prevalence of reticulin antibody. This reticulin antibody positivity correlated with increased @entity1 antibody concentrations. Reduced @entity1 antibody concentration was significantly associated with @entity3 antigenemia. The study illustrates that parasites, notably @entity1 , are important determinants of the serum antibodies of @entity0 in the tropics and suggests that mild undernutrition has little effect.

title: Nutritional status, globulin titers, and parasitic infections of two populations of Tanzanian school XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Combined effects of pregravid weight, @entity1 and smoking on birth weight, length, and head circumference was investigated in uncomplicated, term pregnancies. Each gravida was categorized by height and pregravid weight as underweight, normal, moderately overweight, or massively overweight. Weight gain was grouped: poor, low-normal, high-normal, and excessive. @entity0 who smoked 10 to 20 cigarettes daily were studied. @entity0 who did not smoke were used as controls. Birth weights, lengths, and head circumferences were evaluated. Within each pregravid category and each gain group there was nearly uniform incremental increase in mean birthweight with advancing @entity1 in both smoking and nonsmoking @entity0 . @entity0 born to smoking @entity0 fell behind nonsmoking counterparts by an entire gain group regardless of the mother's pregravid classification. Similar trends were observed in length and head circumference, although not as pronounced. Encouragement of higher weight gains helps correct the growth retardation observed in @entity0 born to @entity0 who smoke.

title: Influence of smoking, XXXX , and pregravid weight for height on intrauterine growth.

answer: @entity1