abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this project is to develop an in vitro approach that can be used to determine the @entity0 binding capacity of sevelamer @entity1 and @entity2 for both drug products and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). A simple and efficient inductively coupled plasma spectrometer method for analysis of @entity0 at physiologically relevant pH conditions has been developed and validated. The method addresses each of the analytical validation characteristics such as linearity, accuracy, precision, stability, and selectivity, and meets the acceptance criteria defined in the United States Food and Drug Administration guidance (Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. 2001. Guidance for industry-Bioanalytical method validation, May). The in vitro @entity0 binding efficacies were systematically evaluated and compared for two drug products and two APIs. The @entity0 binding profiles appeared similar between the drug products. Under all conditions, the sevelamer- @entity0 binding reached equilibrium at 6 h. The 90% confidence interval for the k2 ratio (sevelamer @entity2 vs. @entity3 ) was well within 80%-125% under all pH conditions. However, the k1 ratio varied, indicating that there exists difference in the binding affinity. Our findings will be useful in assisting with "in vivo" biowaiver for the approval of generic sevelamer drug products.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci.

title: Evaluation of the In Vitro Efficacy of XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this project is to develop an in vitro approach that can be used to determine the @entity0 binding capacity of sevelamer @entity1 and @entity2 for both drug products and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). A simple and efficient inductively coupled plasma spectrometer method for analysis of @entity0 at physiologically relevant pH conditions has been developed and validated. The method addresses each of the analytical validation characteristics such as linearity, accuracy, precision, stability, and selectivity, and meets the acceptance criteria defined in the United States Food and Drug Administration guidance (Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. 2001. Guidance for industry-Bioanalytical method validation, May). The in vitro @entity0 binding efficacies were systematically evaluated and compared for two drug products and two APIs. The @entity0 binding profiles appeared similar between the drug products. Under all conditions, the sevelamer- @entity0 binding reached equilibrium at 6 h. The 90% confidence interval for the k2 ratio (sevelamer @entity2 vs. @entity3 ) was well within 80%-125% under all pH conditions. However, the k1 ratio varied, indicating that there exists difference in the binding affinity. Our findings will be useful in assisting with "in vivo" biowaiver for the approval of generic sevelamer drug products.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci.

title: Evaluation of the In Vitro Efficacy of @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventionally the active ingredients in herbal extracts are separated into individual components, by fractionation, desalting, and followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In this study we have tried to directly screen water-soluble fractions of herbs with potential active ingredients before purification or extraction. We propose that the herbal extracts mimicking @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and E(2) ( @entity3 ) can be identified in the water-soluble non-purified fraction. @entity4 is a potent anti-inflammatory molecule used for treating @entity2 while @entity3 is an inflammatory molecule. METHODS: We used cell-based assays (CytoFluor multi-well plate reader and fluorescence microscopy) in which a @entity1 signal was generated by the recombinant EP(1) receptor stably expressed in HEK293 cells ( @entity0 embryonic kidney). @entity4 and @entity3 were tested for their ability to generate a @entity1 signal. Ninety-six water soluble fractions of Treasures of the east (single Chinese herb dietary supplements) were screened. RESULTS: After screening, the top ten stimulators were identified. The identified herbs were then desalted and the @entity1 fluorescent signal reconfirmed using fluorescence microscopy. Among these top ten agonists identified, seven stimulated the @entity1 signaling (1-40  M concentration) using fluorescence microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Fluorescence microscopy and multi-well plate readers can be used as a target specific method for screening water soluble fractions with active ingredients at a very early stage, before purification. Our future work consists of purifying and separating the active ingredients and repeating fluorescence microscopy. Under ordinary circumstances we would have to purify the compounds first and then test all the extracts from 96 herbs. Conventionally, for screening natural product libraries, the procedure followed is the automated separation of all constituents into individual components using fractionation and high performance liquid chromatography. We, however, demonstrated that the active ingredients of the herbal extracts can be tested before purification using an agonist sensitive, quick and simple cell-based signaling assay for ligands mimicking the agonists, @entity4 and @entity3 .

title: An agonist sensitive, quick and simple cell-based signaling assay for determination of ligands mimicking XXXX or E1 activity through subtype EP1 receptor: Suitable for high throughput screening.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a noninvasive echocardiographic method for the diagnosis of @entity1 in @entity0 with varying degrees of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Little is known however, on the utility of TDI in the serial assessment of @entity3 in @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current proposal was to examine whether treatment with @entity4 was successful in improving @entity3 in @entity0 enrolled in the Aortic Stenosis Progression Observation Measuring Effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study. METHODS: Conventional Doppler indices including peak early (E) and late (A) transmitral velocities, and E/A ratio were measured from spectral Doppler. Tissue Doppler measurements including early (E') and late (A') velocities of the lateral annulus were determined, and E/E' was calculated. RESULTS: The study population included 168 @entity0 (56    13 years), whose @entity2 severity was categorized based on peak velocity at baseline (Group I: 2.5-3.0 m/s; Group II: 3.1-3.5 m/s; Group III: 3.6-4.0 m/s). Baseline and follow-up hemodynamics, LV dimensions and diastolic functional parameters were evaluated in all three groups. There was increased @entity1 from baseline to follow-up in each of the placebo and @entity4 groups. In @entity0 with increasing severity of @entity2 in Groups I and II, the lateral E' was lower and the E/E' (as an estimate of increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) was higher at baseline (p < 0.05). However, treatment with @entity4 did not affect the progression of @entity1 from baseline to 3.5 year follow-up between @entity0 in any of the three predefined groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with mild to moderate asymptomatic @entity2 , @entity4 did not attenuate the progression of @entity1 .

title: Evaluating the effectiveness of @entity4 in preventing the progression of @entity1 in XXXX : A substudy of the @entity2 progression observation measuring effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a noninvasive echocardiographic method for the diagnosis of @entity1 in @entity0 with varying degrees of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Little is known however, on the utility of TDI in the serial assessment of @entity3 in @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current proposal was to examine whether treatment with @entity4 was successful in improving @entity3 in @entity0 enrolled in the Aortic Stenosis Progression Observation Measuring Effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study. METHODS: Conventional Doppler indices including peak early (E) and late (A) transmitral velocities, and E/A ratio were measured from spectral Doppler. Tissue Doppler measurements including early (E') and late (A') velocities of the lateral annulus were determined, and E/E' was calculated. RESULTS: The study population included 168 @entity0 (56    13 years), whose @entity2 severity was categorized based on peak velocity at baseline (Group I: 2.5-3.0 m/s; Group II: 3.1-3.5 m/s; Group III: 3.6-4.0 m/s). Baseline and follow-up hemodynamics, LV dimensions and diastolic functional parameters were evaluated in all three groups. There was increased @entity1 from baseline to follow-up in each of the placebo and @entity4 groups. In @entity0 with increasing severity of @entity2 in Groups I and II, the lateral E' was lower and the E/E' (as an estimate of increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) was higher at baseline (p < 0.05). However, treatment with @entity4 did not affect the progression of @entity1 from baseline to 3.5 year follow-up between @entity0 in any of the three predefined groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with mild to moderate asymptomatic @entity2 , @entity4 did not attenuate the progression of @entity1 .

title: Evaluating the effectiveness of @entity4 in preventing the progression of @entity1 in @entity2 : A substudy of the XXXX progression observation measuring effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a noninvasive echocardiographic method for the diagnosis of @entity1 in @entity0 with varying degrees of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Little is known however, on the utility of TDI in the serial assessment of @entity3 in @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current proposal was to examine whether treatment with @entity4 was successful in improving @entity3 in @entity0 enrolled in the Aortic Stenosis Progression Observation Measuring Effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study. METHODS: Conventional Doppler indices including peak early (E) and late (A) transmitral velocities, and E/A ratio were measured from spectral Doppler. Tissue Doppler measurements including early (E') and late (A') velocities of the lateral annulus were determined, and E/E' was calculated. RESULTS: The study population included 168 @entity0 (56    13 years), whose @entity2 severity was categorized based on peak velocity at baseline (Group I: 2.5-3.0 m/s; Group II: 3.1-3.5 m/s; Group III: 3.6-4.0 m/s). Baseline and follow-up hemodynamics, LV dimensions and diastolic functional parameters were evaluated in all three groups. There was increased @entity1 from baseline to follow-up in each of the placebo and @entity4 groups. In @entity0 with increasing severity of @entity2 in Groups I and II, the lateral E' was lower and the E/E' (as an estimate of increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) was higher at baseline (p < 0.05). However, treatment with @entity4 did not affect the progression of @entity1 from baseline to 3.5 year follow-up between @entity0 in any of the three predefined groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with mild to moderate asymptomatic @entity2 , @entity4 did not attenuate the progression of @entity1 .

title: Evaluating the effectiveness of @entity4 in preventing the progression of XXXX in @entity2 : A substudy of the @entity2 progression observation measuring effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a noninvasive echocardiographic method for the diagnosis of @entity1 in @entity0 with varying degrees of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Little is known however, on the utility of TDI in the serial assessment of @entity3 in @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current proposal was to examine whether treatment with @entity4 was successful in improving @entity3 in @entity0 enrolled in the Aortic Stenosis Progression Observation Measuring Effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study. METHODS: Conventional Doppler indices including peak early (E) and late (A) transmitral velocities, and E/A ratio were measured from spectral Doppler. Tissue Doppler measurements including early (E') and late (A') velocities of the lateral annulus were determined, and E/E' was calculated. RESULTS: The study population included 168 @entity0 (56    13 years), whose @entity2 severity was categorized based on peak velocity at baseline (Group I: 2.5-3.0 m/s; Group II: 3.1-3.5 m/s; Group III: 3.6-4.0 m/s). Baseline and follow-up hemodynamics, LV dimensions and diastolic functional parameters were evaluated in all three groups. There was increased @entity1 from baseline to follow-up in each of the placebo and @entity4 groups. In @entity0 with increasing severity of @entity2 in Groups I and II, the lateral E' was lower and the E/E' (as an estimate of increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) was higher at baseline (p < 0.05). However, treatment with @entity4 did not affect the progression of @entity1 from baseline to 3.5 year follow-up between @entity0 in any of the three predefined groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with mild to moderate asymptomatic @entity2 , @entity4 did not attenuate the progression of @entity1 .

title: Evaluating the effectiveness of XXXX in preventing the progression of @entity1 in @entity2 : A substudy of the @entity2 progression observation measuring effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is a noninvasive echocardiographic method for the diagnosis of @entity1 in @entity0 with varying degrees of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Little is known however, on the utility of TDI in the serial assessment of @entity3 in @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current proposal was to examine whether treatment with @entity4 was successful in improving @entity3 in @entity0 enrolled in the Aortic Stenosis Progression Observation Measuring Effects of @entity4 (ASTRONOMER) study. METHODS: Conventional Doppler indices including peak early (E) and late (A) transmitral velocities, and E/A ratio were measured from spectral Doppler. Tissue Doppler measurements including early (E') and late (A') velocities of the lateral annulus were determined, and E/E' was calculated. RESULTS: The study population included 168 @entity0 (56    13 years), whose @entity2 severity was categorized based on peak velocity at baseline (Group I: 2.5-3.0 m/s; Group II: 3.1-3.5 m/s; Group III: 3.6-4.0 m/s). Baseline and follow-up hemodynamics, LV dimensions and diastolic functional parameters were evaluated in all three groups. There was increased @entity1 from baseline to follow-up in each of the placebo and @entity4 groups. In @entity0 with increasing severity of @entity2 in Groups I and II, the lateral E' was lower and the E/E' (as an estimate of increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) was higher at baseline (p < 0.05). However, treatment with @entity4 did not affect the progression of @entity1 from baseline to 3.5 year follow-up between @entity0 in any of the three predefined groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with mild to moderate asymptomatic @entity2 , @entity4 did not attenuate the progression of @entity1 .

title: Evaluating the effectiveness of @entity4 in preventing the progression of @entity1 in @entity2 : A substudy of the @entity2 progression observation measuring effects of XXXX (ASTRONOMER) study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: To assess the clinical time (diagnosis and treatment times) to manage traumatic @entity3 (TDIs) in @entity0 attending paediatric dental clinics in Nigeria. STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional observational pilot study on @entity0 presenting at four government hospitals in South West Nigeria over a 3-month period. METHODS: @entity3 was classified using the method recommended by Andreasen et al. [2003]. A standardized protocol was followed and the details of the diagnosis time, treatment time and total clinical time for management of different @entity1 to the primary and permanent dentition were recorded and calculated on a data collection form. RESULTS: There were 73 @entity3 in 39 @entity0 . For the primary dentition, complicated crown @entity2 had the highest average total treatment time namely 76.0  48.1 minutes as well as the highest average number of visits (2.6 visits). More time was spent manageing the same level of injury in the permanent dentition than in the primary dentition. For the permanent dentition, extrusive @entity1 had the highest average total treatment time (103.3  11.5 minutes). CONCLUSION: The clinical time for management of @entity3 in @entity0 was relatively high and varied by @entity1 .

title: Assessment of time taken to treat XXXX in Nigerian @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To assess the clinical time (diagnosis and treatment times) to manage traumatic @entity3 (TDIs) in @entity0 attending paediatric dental clinics in Nigeria. STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional observational pilot study on @entity0 presenting at four government hospitals in South West Nigeria over a 3-month period. METHODS: @entity3 was classified using the method recommended by Andreasen et al. [2003]. A standardized protocol was followed and the details of the diagnosis time, treatment time and total clinical time for management of different @entity1 to the primary and permanent dentition were recorded and calculated on a data collection form. RESULTS: There were 73 @entity3 in 39 @entity0 . For the primary dentition, complicated crown @entity2 had the highest average total treatment time namely 76.0  48.1 minutes as well as the highest average number of visits (2.6 visits). More time was spent manageing the same level of injury in the permanent dentition than in the primary dentition. For the permanent dentition, extrusive @entity1 had the highest average total treatment time (103.3  11.5 minutes). CONCLUSION: The clinical time for management of @entity3 in @entity0 was relatively high and varied by @entity1 .

title: Assessment of time taken to treat @entity1 in Nigerian XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: The aim of the present action research study was to investigate the healthcare providers' experiences with introducing Marte Meo Counselling (MMC) in a @entity1 -specific care unit. BACKGROUND: Research on the use of MMC shows that healthcare providers saw the @entity0 ' resources and needs more clearly and achieved increased awareness of their own skills. DESIGN AND METHOD: An action-oriented research including a three-phase strategy was applied: the mapping phase, the intervention phase and the evaluation phase. During the 5-month mapping phase, two researchers conducted @entity0 observation of a total of 50 hours. The intervention phase consisted of lectures, clinical supervision in MMC and seven reflection groups and lasted 12 months. In the six-month evaluation phase, @entity0 observation of a total of 48 hours was conducted. Four focus group interviews took place during the whole study period of 2 years. RESULTS: The staff went through a process of change described by the following themes: from challenging behaviour to challenging interaction; from generalised skills to contextualised relational care; and from personal challenges to a professional community. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of MMC, the healthcare providers realised the value of taking into account the @entity0 ' context in @entity1 care and of being active @entity0 in the @entity0 ' world. The focus changed from regarding challenging behaviour as symptoms of a disorder to being a challenge to interaction. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Marte Meo Counselling should be combined with continuous reflection to improve healthcare providers' interaction with @entity0 who live with @entity1 . The reflection groups gave the caregivers an opportunity for discussions that would otherwise be impossible in their busy everyday life.

title: 'On one's own strength' Healthcare providers' experience with introducing Marte Meo Counselling in XXXX care.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: As life expectancy increases, more elderly @entity0 fit into the criteria for bariatric procedures. The aim of our study is to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) in @entity0 older than 60. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between January 2005 and December 2013, 68 LAGB, 73 LSG, and 212 @entity2 @entity0 were 60  years or older at the time of primary procedure. A retrospective review was performed in these @entity0 . RESULTS: Mean age and body mass index (BMI) was 62.7        2.2, 64.1        2.9, and 62.6        2.3  years and 42.7        5.6, 44.0        7.0, and 45.2        6.7  kg/m(2) for LAGB, LSG, and @entity2 at the time of procedure, respectively. Seven (10.3  %) @entity0 from the LAGB, 3 (4.1  %) from the LSG, and 29 (13.8  %) from the @entity2 group required readmissions. Reoperation rate was 10.3, 1.4, and 9.5  % in LAGB, LSG, and @entity2 , respectively. The difference in reoperation rates was statistically significant (p   <   0.03) while that in readmission rates was not (p   >   0.58). Procedure-related mortality rate was 1.4  % in the @entity2 group, while no mortality was observed in LSG and LAGB groups. At 6, 12, and 18  months postoperatively, mean percentage of excess @entity1 were highest in the @entity2 group, followed by LSG and LAGB group (p   <   0.01). Mean number of comorbidities at the last follow-up significantly decreased in LSG and @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: LSG showed the lowest readmission and reoperation rate, and @entity2 @entity0 had the highest mortality rate. Weight loss and comorbidity resolution were effectively achieved in @entity2 and LSG @entity0 .

title: Morbidity Rates and Weight Loss After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, Sleeve Gastrectomy, and Adjustable Gastric Banding in XXXX Older Than 60  Years old: Which Procedure to Choose?

answer: @entity0


abstract: Health care practitioners support or hinder an individual's attempts to self-manage health behavior. Practitioners must understand an individual's health needs and goals to effectively partner for behavior change. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) promote efforts toward positive health behavior change. Practitioners need training to provide effective @entity3 , beginning with their formal education. The purpose of this educational practice project was to integrate an evidence-based intervention ( @entity3 using action plans) into a nursing curriculum. Three sequential steps included (1) providing foundational @entity3 education, (2) @entity3 application with students' personal action plans, and (3) implementing @entity3 with @entity2 individuals with @entity1 . Students (n = 130) partnered with @entity0 (n = 85), developing short- (n = 240) and long-term (n = 99) action plans during home visits. The average baseline @entity1 Empowerment Scale score measuring @entity0 's perceived psychosocial @entity1 management self-efficacy was 4.3 (1-5 scale, SD = 0.51, n = 83). Most common short-term actions related to physical activity (n = 100, 42%) and healthy eating (n = 61, 25%). Average @entity0 confidence level was 7.7 (SD = 1.9, 0-10 scale). Short-term goal evaluation (n = 209) revealed 66% (n = 137) were met more than 50% of the time. Both @entity0 (99%) and students (99%) expressed satisfaction with home visit and action plan experiences. This teaching-learning experience is replicable and applicable to any professional health care student.

title: Partnering With XXXX Individuals With @entity1 for Health Behavior Change Using Action Plans: An Innovation in Health Professionals Education and Practice.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Health care practitioners support or hinder an individual's attempts to self-manage health behavior. Practitioners must understand an individual's health needs and goals to effectively partner for behavior change. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) promote efforts toward positive health behavior change. Practitioners need training to provide effective @entity3 , beginning with their formal education. The purpose of this educational practice project was to integrate an evidence-based intervention ( @entity3 using action plans) into a nursing curriculum. Three sequential steps included (1) providing foundational @entity3 education, (2) @entity3 application with students' personal action plans, and (3) implementing @entity3 with @entity2 individuals with @entity1 . Students (n = 130) partnered with @entity0 (n = 85), developing short- (n = 240) and long-term (n = 99) action plans during home visits. The average baseline @entity1 Empowerment Scale score measuring @entity0 's perceived psychosocial @entity1 management self-efficacy was 4.3 (1-5 scale, SD = 0.51, n = 83). Most common short-term actions related to physical activity (n = 100, 42%) and healthy eating (n = 61, 25%). Average @entity0 confidence level was 7.7 (SD = 1.9, 0-10 scale). Short-term goal evaluation (n = 209) revealed 66% (n = 137) were met more than 50% of the time. Both @entity0 (99%) and students (99%) expressed satisfaction with home visit and action plan experiences. This teaching-learning experience is replicable and applicable to any professional health care student.

title: Partnering With @entity2 Individuals With XXXX for Health Behavior Change Using Action Plans: An Innovation in Health Professionals Education and Practice.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Insulin might play a role in the @entity2 occurring in @entity0 . In addition, insulin has recently been shown to potentiate @entity6 (NE) induced vascular tone. We used ring segments of the @entity1 facial artery mounted in a myograph to test the hypothesis that potentiation of NE-induced tone by insulin may be related to activation of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity4 kinase (TK). NE-induced contractions in the presence of @entity10 were 200% (NE 0.1 and 0.3 microM), 252% (NE 1 microM), and 129% (NE 3 microM) of control. @entity10 had no effect on NE (10 and 100 microM) induced contractions. The potentiation by insulin of NE-induced tone was not altered by endothelium removal and could be mimicked by @entity7 ( @entity8 , 0.1 microM). @entity3 -induced contractions were not altered by @entity10 . Insulin potentiation of NE-induced tone was suppressed by pretreatment of the @entity1 facial artery with the @entity9 inhibitor @entity11 (0.1 microM) or the TK inhibitor @entity5 (10 microM). 45Ca2+ influx due to NE (3 microM) did not change in the presence of @entity10 or @entity8 (0.1 microM) despite a higher contractile response, so that wall force per unit of 45Ca2+ influx was increased by @entity10 and @entity8 (0.1 microM). Calphostin C (0.1 microM) and @entity5 (10 microM) both prevented the increase in wall force per unit of 45Ca2+ influx due to @entity10 . Our study shows that insulin potentiates NE-induced tone through a TK- and @entity9 -dependent mechanism.

title: Insulin potentiates XXXX -induced vascular tone by activation of @entity9 and @entity4 kinase.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Insulin might play a role in the @entity2 occurring in @entity0 . In addition, insulin has recently been shown to potentiate @entity6 (NE) induced vascular tone. We used ring segments of the @entity1 facial artery mounted in a myograph to test the hypothesis that potentiation of NE-induced tone by insulin may be related to activation of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity4 kinase (TK). NE-induced contractions in the presence of @entity10 were 200% (NE 0.1 and 0.3 microM), 252% (NE 1 microM), and 129% (NE 3 microM) of control. @entity10 had no effect on NE (10 and 100 microM) induced contractions. The potentiation by insulin of NE-induced tone was not altered by endothelium removal and could be mimicked by @entity7 ( @entity8 , 0.1 microM). @entity3 -induced contractions were not altered by @entity10 . Insulin potentiation of NE-induced tone was suppressed by pretreatment of the @entity1 facial artery with the @entity9 inhibitor @entity11 (0.1 microM) or the TK inhibitor @entity5 (10 microM). 45Ca2+ influx due to NE (3 microM) did not change in the presence of @entity10 or @entity8 (0.1 microM) despite a higher contractile response, so that wall force per unit of 45Ca2+ influx was increased by @entity10 and @entity8 (0.1 microM). Calphostin C (0.1 microM) and @entity5 (10 microM) both prevented the increase in wall force per unit of 45Ca2+ influx due to @entity10 . Our study shows that insulin potentiates NE-induced tone through a TK- and @entity9 -dependent mechanism.

title: Insulin potentiates @entity6 -induced vascular tone by activation of @entity9 and XXXX kinase.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Insulin might play a role in the @entity2 occurring in @entity0 . In addition, insulin has recently been shown to potentiate @entity6 (NE) induced vascular tone. We used ring segments of the @entity1 facial artery mounted in a myograph to test the hypothesis that potentiation of NE-induced tone by insulin may be related to activation of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity4 kinase (TK). NE-induced contractions in the presence of @entity10 were 200% (NE 0.1 and 0.3 microM), 252% (NE 1 microM), and 129% (NE 3 microM) of control. @entity10 had no effect on NE (10 and 100 microM) induced contractions. The potentiation by insulin of NE-induced tone was not altered by endothelium removal and could be mimicked by @entity7 ( @entity8 , 0.1 microM). @entity3 -induced contractions were not altered by @entity10 . Insulin potentiation of NE-induced tone was suppressed by pretreatment of the @entity1 facial artery with the @entity9 inhibitor @entity11 (0.1 microM) or the TK inhibitor @entity5 (10 microM). 45Ca2+ influx due to NE (3 microM) did not change in the presence of @entity10 or @entity8 (0.1 microM) despite a higher contractile response, so that wall force per unit of 45Ca2+ influx was increased by @entity10 and @entity8 (0.1 microM). Calphostin C (0.1 microM) and @entity5 (10 microM) both prevented the increase in wall force per unit of 45Ca2+ influx due to @entity10 . Our study shows that insulin potentiates NE-induced tone through a TK- and @entity9 -dependent mechanism.

title: Insulin potentiates @entity6 -induced vascular tone by activation of XXXX and @entity4 kinase.

answer: @entity9


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To report the usual postoperative course and complications after pull-through vaginoplasty for isolated distal vaginal @entity6 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Retrospective chart review at Texas @entity0 's Hospital of all @entity0 who were diagnosed with isolated distal vaginal @entity6 and underwent pull-through vaginoplasty during the study time frame. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity1 such as @entity5 or @entity2 and postoperative vaginal diameter. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity0 were identified and charts were reviewed. @entity0 were initially evaluated by pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and found to have distended hematometrocolpos with distal vaginal @entity6 . All @entity0 underwent pull-through vaginoplasty with similar operative techniques. The average distance from the perineum to the level of the obstruction was 1.84    1.2 cm. Two @entity0 , both with obstructions at greater than 3 cm, experienced @entity5 formation postoperatively. Four @entity0 (25%) experienced postoperative @entity4 . One @entity0 (6.25%) experienced a @entity3 . Two groups (3 cm or less versus greater than 3 cm) were compared, and the presence of @entity5 was statistically different based on mean centimeters from perineum prior to pull-through vaginoplasty (P = .038). CONCLUSIONS: Distal vaginal @entity6 is managed with pull-through vaginoplasty. Atresias that extend greater than 3 cm from the perineum are at increased risk for @entity5 formation and should be followed to monitor for their formation. Other complications are infrequent and minor.

title: Postoperative Course and Complications after Pull-through Vaginoplasty for Distal XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: This single-center study assessed left subclavian artery (LSA) revascularization management and morbidity and mortality of LSA coverage outcomes during elective thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for distal arch @entity3 . METHODS: Between July 2006 and June 2014, 178 @entity0 underwent TEVAR (zone 2 + 3) for distal arch @entity3 . TEVAR with LSA coverage (zone 2) was performed in 121 @entity0 (68.0 %). Multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors associated with perioperative @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 (EL). RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in 96.7 %. LSA coil embolization was performed in 72.7 %. Subclavian artery crossover bypass was required in 9.1 %. Perioperative complications were @entity2 (6.6 %) and @entity4 (1.7 %). The 30-day mortality rate was 2.5 % (n = 3). There were significant differences by @entity2 univariate analysis in coverage range (>= 300 mm) (P = 0.003) and shaggy aorta (P = 0.044). Primary EL occurred in 14.0 % (n = 17). We found statistically significant difference of primary EL in @entity5 (P = 0.016), preoperative @entity3 diameter (P = 0.041), and proximal stent graft diameter (P = 0.029). Left upper extremity symptoms developed in 5.8 % (n = 7); @entity6 occurred in 4.1 % (n = 5). Freedom from secondary intervention rates after 1, 3, and 5 years were 96.1, 78.3, and 63.4 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our mid- to long-term results of TEVAR with LSA coverage were generally acceptable. Routine revascularization was not necessary in majority of zone 2 TEVAR. @entity2 occurred in approximately 6 % of the cases, secondary interventions were performed more often for ELs.

title: Clinical Outcomes of Left Subclavian Artery Coverage on Morbidity and Mortality During Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Postictal elevation of high-sensitive troponin I (TNI), a highly specific biomarker for @entity6 , has been reported. We aimed at evaluating its association of high-sensitive troponin I (TNI) with @entity4 type and focus, as well as vascular risk factors. METHODS: TNI was measured in 247 @entity0 admitted to our clinic via the emergency room with an acute @entity3 . TNI control measurements were performed in 61.5% of cases. All @entity0 underwent electroencephalography and cerebral imaging. @entity4 focus - when possible - was determined using results from these examinations as well as clinical data. RESULTS: Of 247 @entity0 , 133 (53.8%) were @entity0 , the mean age was 59    18 years. 70 (28.3%) @entity0 had focal and 177 (71.7%) generalized @entity4 . @entity1 was present in 38 cases (15.4%). Mean TNI was 0.05    0.17. TNI was elevated in 27 @entity0 (10.9%). Higher age, @entity1 and temporal @entity4 focus were significantly associated with TNI elevation in multivariate analysis. In 21 (13.8%) of the @entity0 with TNI control measurement, TNI was continuously elevated. Higher age and temporal @entity4 focus were significantly associated with continuously high TNI. @entity2 and vascular risk factors were significantly associated with high TNI only in univariate analysis. No @entity0 had a symptomatic @entity6 . DISCUSSION: Postictal TNI elevation is relatively common in older @entity0 with @entity1 or temporal @entity4 focus. These data support the concept of relevant and possibly dangerous ictal effects on cardiac function especially in @entity4 . Although the risk of manifest postictal @entity5 seems to be very low, selected @entity0 could profit from closer monitoring.

title: Temporal XXXX focus and @entity1 are associated with high-sensitive troponin I elevation after @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Postictal elevation of high-sensitive troponin I (TNI), a highly specific biomarker for @entity6 , has been reported. We aimed at evaluating its association of high-sensitive troponin I (TNI) with @entity4 type and focus, as well as vascular risk factors. METHODS: TNI was measured in 247 @entity0 admitted to our clinic via the emergency room with an acute @entity3 . TNI control measurements were performed in 61.5% of cases. All @entity0 underwent electroencephalography and cerebral imaging. @entity4 focus - when possible - was determined using results from these examinations as well as clinical data. RESULTS: Of 247 @entity0 , 133 (53.8%) were @entity0 , the mean age was 59    18 years. 70 (28.3%) @entity0 had focal and 177 (71.7%) generalized @entity4 . @entity1 was present in 38 cases (15.4%). Mean TNI was 0.05    0.17. TNI was elevated in 27 @entity0 (10.9%). Higher age, @entity1 and temporal @entity4 focus were significantly associated with TNI elevation in multivariate analysis. In 21 (13.8%) of the @entity0 with TNI control measurement, TNI was continuously elevated. Higher age and temporal @entity4 focus were significantly associated with continuously high TNI. @entity2 and vascular risk factors were significantly associated with high TNI only in univariate analysis. No @entity0 had a symptomatic @entity6 . DISCUSSION: Postictal TNI elevation is relatively common in older @entity0 with @entity1 or temporal @entity4 focus. These data support the concept of relevant and possibly dangerous ictal effects on cardiac function especially in @entity4 . Although the risk of manifest postictal @entity5 seems to be very low, selected @entity0 could profit from closer monitoring.

title: Temporal @entity4 focus and XXXX are associated with high-sensitive troponin I elevation after @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Postictal elevation of high-sensitive troponin I (TNI), a highly specific biomarker for @entity6 , has been reported. We aimed at evaluating its association of high-sensitive troponin I (TNI) with @entity4 type and focus, as well as vascular risk factors. METHODS: TNI was measured in 247 @entity0 admitted to our clinic via the emergency room with an acute @entity3 . TNI control measurements were performed in 61.5% of cases. All @entity0 underwent electroencephalography and cerebral imaging. @entity4 focus - when possible - was determined using results from these examinations as well as clinical data. RESULTS: Of 247 @entity0 , 133 (53.8%) were @entity0 , the mean age was 59    18 years. 70 (28.3%) @entity0 had focal and 177 (71.7%) generalized @entity4 . @entity1 was present in 38 cases (15.4%). Mean TNI was 0.05    0.17. TNI was elevated in 27 @entity0 (10.9%). Higher age, @entity1 and temporal @entity4 focus were significantly associated with TNI elevation in multivariate analysis. In 21 (13.8%) of the @entity0 with TNI control measurement, TNI was continuously elevated. Higher age and temporal @entity4 focus were significantly associated with continuously high TNI. @entity2 and vascular risk factors were significantly associated with high TNI only in univariate analysis. No @entity0 had a symptomatic @entity6 . DISCUSSION: Postictal TNI elevation is relatively common in older @entity0 with @entity1 or temporal @entity4 focus. These data support the concept of relevant and possibly dangerous ictal effects on cardiac function especially in @entity4 . Although the risk of manifest postictal @entity5 seems to be very low, selected @entity0 could profit from closer monitoring.

title: Temporal @entity4 focus and @entity1 are associated with high-sensitive troponin I elevation after XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Three @entity0 aged 52, 22 and 29 years, without known previous @entity1 , sustained acute @entity5 due to blunt @entity7 . A 52-year-old @entity0 without a history of @entity1 sustained an acute non-transmural lateral @entity5 following blunt @entity7 during a sledging party. No coronary arteriography was performed. The clinical course during follow-up of 3 1/2 years was uncomplicated. A 22-year-old, previously asymptomatic @entity0 developed acute transmural @entity8 after a motor-cycle accident. Seven days later he died suddenly after an uncomplicated initial course. The autopsy demonstrated a complete @entity2 of the proximal left anterior descending artery with periarterial @entity4 , compression of this artery by the @entity4 and luminal @entity6 distal to the @entity2 . No sign of preexisting @entity3 was found. A 29-year-old @entity0 admitted to the hospital after blunt @entity7 during a football game developed an acute transmural inferior @entity8 with an uncomplicated clinical course. Seven months later coronary arteriography demonstrated a 40% obstructive lesion of the right coronary artery, compatible with @entity6 and subsequent recanalization.

title: [Traumatic XXXX . Report of 3 cases].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the specific features of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), by providing clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluations of @entity0 and the biological behavior of these @entity0 and analyzing their recurrent forms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten cases of @entity2 were examined with emphasis on its clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features. RESULTS: In 9 cases, the @entity0 involved the acral part of the extremities; in one case, it was located in the superficial tissues of the thigh. All @entity0 had a classical histological pattern of @entity2 . Four cases developed local recurrences most likely due to the inadequate volume of surgical intervention. Three @entity0 held its original histological form, but one showed marked histologic progression. Immunohistochemically, all the @entity0 expressed @entity4 . Some cases exhibited a positive reaction with @entity3 , @entity5 , and podoplanin. CONCLUSION: Despite altered morphological patterns, the immunoprofile of recurrent @entity2 was retained. A tendency for recurrence requires that the resection margins should be meticulously investigated to exclude @entity1 .

title: [Myxoinflammatory XXXX : clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) have a high prevalence and in many @entity0 @entity1 and @entity2 persist despite a range of treatments. Non-invasive brain neuromodulatory methods, namely transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), can provide relatively long-lasting @entity1 relief in @entity3 @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: To define the neuromodulatory effect of five daily 2x2 motor cortex high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) sessions on clinical @entity1 and motor measures in chronic @entity5 @entity0 . It is predicted that M1 HD-tDCS will selectively modulate clinical measures, by showing greater analgesic after-effects compared to placebo, and active treatment will increase @entity1 more than placebo. METHODS: Twenty-four females with chronic myofascial @entity4 underwent five daily, 20-min sessions of active or sham 2 milliamps (mA) HD-tDCS. Measurable outcomes included @entity1 opening, visual analog scale (VAS), sectional sensory-discriminative @entity1 measures tracked by a mobile application, short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Follow-up occurred at one-week and four-weeks post-treatment. RESULTS: There were significant improvements for clinical @entity1 and motor measurements in the active HD-tDCS group compared to the placebo group for: responders with @entity1 relief above 50% in the VAS at four-week follow-up (P  =  0.04); @entity1 opening at one-week follow-up (P  <  0.01); and sectional @entity1 area, intensity and their sum measures contralateral to putative M1 stimulation during the treatment week (P  <  0.01). No changes in emotional values were shown between groups. CONCLUSION: Putative M1 stimulation by HD-tDCS selectively improved meaningful clinical sensory-discriminative @entity1 and motor measures during stimulation, and up to four-weeks post-treatment in chronic myofascial @entity4 @entity0 .

title: High-Definition and Non-invasive Brain Modulation of Pain and  Motor Dysfunction in Chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: An isotope washout technique that requires inexpensive equipment and is well tolerated by @entity0 has been developed to measure skin perfusion pressure (SPP) and skin vascular resistance (SVR). The SPP is a measure of the severity of @entity4 and the SVR is an indicator of @entity3 associated with @entity1 and @entity2 . This test has been applied to 87 @entity0 who had @entity5 of the lower limb. Fourty-four @entity0 had lesions that healed with local treatment while the other 43 required major surgery. The presence of @entity1 , @entity2 , and old age reduced the likelihood of healing. Similarly if the SPP less than 40 mm Hg, only 18% of @entity0 ' lesions healed. If the SPP lay between 40 and 50 mm Hg and the SVR less than 1000 U, 67% of lesions healed. However, if the SPP was between 40 and 50 mm Hg and the SVR greater than 1000 U, no lesions healed. If the SPP greater than 50 mm Hg and SVR less than 1000 U, 83% of lesions healed, where as if the SVR greater than 1000 U, healing occurred in only 23% of lesions. This test can be used to predict the likelihood of healing of @entity5 of the lower leg, thus rationalizing their management. The importance of @entity3 is also demonstrated.

title: Skin vascular resistance and skin perfusion pressure as predictors of healing of @entity5 of the lower limb: influences of @entity1 , XXXX , and age.

answer: @entity2


abstract: An isotope washout technique that requires inexpensive equipment and is well tolerated by @entity0 has been developed to measure skin perfusion pressure (SPP) and skin vascular resistance (SVR). The SPP is a measure of the severity of @entity4 and the SVR is an indicator of @entity3 associated with @entity1 and @entity2 . This test has been applied to 87 @entity0 who had @entity5 of the lower limb. Fourty-four @entity0 had lesions that healed with local treatment while the other 43 required major surgery. The presence of @entity1 , @entity2 , and old age reduced the likelihood of healing. Similarly if the SPP less than 40 mm Hg, only 18% of @entity0 ' lesions healed. If the SPP lay between 40 and 50 mm Hg and the SVR less than 1000 U, 67% of lesions healed. However, if the SPP was between 40 and 50 mm Hg and the SVR greater than 1000 U, no lesions healed. If the SPP greater than 50 mm Hg and SVR less than 1000 U, 83% of lesions healed, where as if the SVR greater than 1000 U, healing occurred in only 23% of lesions. This test can be used to predict the likelihood of healing of @entity5 of the lower leg, thus rationalizing their management. The importance of @entity3 is also demonstrated.

title: Skin vascular resistance and skin perfusion pressure as predictors of healing of XXXX of the lower limb: influences of @entity1 , @entity2 , and age.

answer: @entity5


abstract: An isotope washout technique that requires inexpensive equipment and is well tolerated by @entity0 has been developed to measure skin perfusion pressure (SPP) and skin vascular resistance (SVR). The SPP is a measure of the severity of @entity4 and the SVR is an indicator of @entity3 associated with @entity1 and @entity2 . This test has been applied to 87 @entity0 who had @entity5 of the lower limb. Fourty-four @entity0 had lesions that healed with local treatment while the other 43 required major surgery. The presence of @entity1 , @entity2 , and old age reduced the likelihood of healing. Similarly if the SPP less than 40 mm Hg, only 18% of @entity0 ' lesions healed. If the SPP lay between 40 and 50 mm Hg and the SVR less than 1000 U, 67% of lesions healed. However, if the SPP was between 40 and 50 mm Hg and the SVR greater than 1000 U, no lesions healed. If the SPP greater than 50 mm Hg and SVR less than 1000 U, 83% of lesions healed, where as if the SVR greater than 1000 U, healing occurred in only 23% of lesions. This test can be used to predict the likelihood of healing of @entity5 of the lower leg, thus rationalizing their management. The importance of @entity3 is also demonstrated.

title: Skin vascular resistance and skin perfusion pressure as predictors of healing of @entity5 of the lower limb: influences of XXXX , @entity2 , and age.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: First, this study compares the ability of an integrated model of activity and activity limitations, the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict walking within individuals with @entity3 . Second, the effectiveness of a walking intervention in these individuals is determined. DESIGN: A series of n-of-1 studies with an AB intervention design was used. METHODS: Diary methods were used to study four community-dwelling individuals with @entity6 . Data on @entity1 ( @entity2 , @entity2 on movement, and joint @entity5 ), cognitions (intention, self-efficacy, and perceived controllability), and walking (step count) were collected twice daily for 12  weeks. At 6  weeks, an individually tailored, data-driven walking intervention using action planning or a control cognition manipulation was delivered. Simulation modelling analysis examined cross-correlations and differences in baseline and intervention phase means. Post-hoc mediation analyses examined theoretical relationships and multiple regression analyses compared theoretical models. RESULTS: Cognitions, intention in particular, were better and more consistent within individual predictors of walking than impairment. The walking intervention did not increase walking in any of the three @entity0 receiving it. The integrated model and the TPB, which recognize a predictive role for cognitions, were significant predictors of walking variance in all @entity0 , whilst the biomedical ICF model was only predictive for one @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Despite the lack of evidence for an individually tailored walking intervention, predictive data suggest that interventions for @entity0 with @entity3 that address cognitions are likely to be more effective than those that @entity1 only. Further within-individual investigation, including testing mediational relationships, is warranted. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? N-of-1 methods have been used to study within-individual predictors of walking in healthy and @entity4 populations An integrated biomedical and behavioural model of activity and activity limitations recognizes the roles of impairment and psychology (cognitions) Interventions modifying cognitions can increase physical activity in @entity0 with mobility limitations What does this study add? N-of-1 methods are suitable to study within-individual predictors of walking and interventions in @entity3 An integrated and a psychological model are better predictors of walking in @entity3 than a biomedical model There was no support for an individually tailored, data-driven walking intervention.

title: Using impairment and cognitions to predict walking in XXXX : A series of n-of-1 studies with an individually tailored, data-driven intervention.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Due to a lack of proper drug carriers to deliver treatments for @entity2 , many @entity1 @entity0 suffer from @entity7 caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We prepared a double-layered electrospun nanofibrous sheets composed of @entity9 and chitosan to accelerate the healing rate of oral mucous @entity5 . @entity0 growth hormone (hGH) and @entity9 in a mixture of @entity8 and @entity6 were co-electrospun to nanofibrous sheets. The electrospun fibrous mat was subsequently layered with chitosan by a dip-coating method. @entity4 showed attenuated mass erosion while uncoated sheets were instantly melted at the physiological condition. The released hGH was trapped on the chitosan layer by the ionic interaction between positively charged chitosan and negatively charged hGH, and a large number of entrapped proteins remained on the SIS membrane due to the muco-adhesive properties of chitosan. hGH-incorporated sheets significantly increased proliferation of @entity0 dermal fibroblasts. In vivo study employing oral @entity5 in @entity3 , the @entity5 dressed with chitosan-layered sheets showed enhanced wound recovery and the chitosan layers on the sheet greatly assisted prolonged recovery. Therefore, chitosan-layered @entity9 nanofibrous sheets can be potentially applied to developing muco-adhesive wound dressing materials with pH-dependent drug release by adjusting the thickness of chitosan sheath on the sheets.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2015.

title: Buccal adhesive nanofibers containing @entity0 growth hormone for XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Due to a lack of proper drug carriers to deliver treatments for @entity2 , many @entity1 @entity0 suffer from @entity7 caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We prepared a double-layered electrospun nanofibrous sheets composed of @entity9 and chitosan to accelerate the healing rate of oral mucous @entity5 . @entity0 growth hormone (hGH) and @entity9 in a mixture of @entity8 and @entity6 were co-electrospun to nanofibrous sheets. The electrospun fibrous mat was subsequently layered with chitosan by a dip-coating method. @entity4 showed attenuated mass erosion while uncoated sheets were instantly melted at the physiological condition. The released hGH was trapped on the chitosan layer by the ionic interaction between positively charged chitosan and negatively charged hGH, and a large number of entrapped proteins remained on the SIS membrane due to the muco-adhesive properties of chitosan. hGH-incorporated sheets significantly increased proliferation of @entity0 dermal fibroblasts. In vivo study employing oral @entity5 in @entity3 , the @entity5 dressed with chitosan-layered sheets showed enhanced wound recovery and the chitosan layers on the sheet greatly assisted prolonged recovery. Therefore, chitosan-layered @entity9 nanofibrous sheets can be potentially applied to developing muco-adhesive wound dressing materials with pH-dependent drug release by adjusting the thickness of chitosan sheath on the sheets.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2015.

title: Buccal adhesive nanofibers containing XXXX growth hormone for @entity7 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In an effort to improve on the results of radical prostatectomy for clinical stages T2b and T3 @entity2 , a selected group of @entity0 received @entity3 deprivation for three to sixteen months prior to surgery. METHODS: Fifteen @entity0 with clinical T2b and 22 with small T3 @entity1 received a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog (n = 34) or a bilateral orchiectomy (n = 3) three to sixteen months prior to radical retropubic prostatectomy. The prostate was evaluated with particular attention to @entity1 grade, presence of extracapsular extension, @entity1 at the inked margin, seminal vesicle invasion, and @entity1 in the lymph nodes. RESULTS: No @entity0 had clinical or chemical ( @entity4 [PSA]) progression during @entity3 deprivation. The PSA level declined a mean 90 percent and remained above 4 ng/mL in only two @entity0 . The prostate volume decreased an estimated 30-50 percent. @entity2 at the inked margin was found in 15 (41%) and seminal vesicle involvement in 11 (30%) @entity0 . Five (14%) had @entity1 in regional lymph nodes. There was no difference in regard to positive margins or lymph node metastases between those clinically staged as T2b and those preoperatively staged as T3. Fourteen @entity0 have received adjuvant therapy (13 @entity3 deprivation, one radiation therapy). None has progressed (mean follow-up, 38.4 months). Of 23 who did not receive immediate additional therapy, six (26%) had progression, as was evident from an increase in PSA and have since been treated. Only one continued to progress. Thirty-five of the 37 @entity0 are alive. Seventeen (46%) are @entity1 free (PSA < 0.4 ng/mL) without further @entity3 deprivation. CONCLUSIONS: Only a prospective randomized trial can determine whether @entity3 deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy has a role. The results from this trial are encouraging for several reasons. The prostate is much smaller as a result of @entity3 deprivation and this may facilitate surgery. Although the great majority of these @entity0 were expected to be margin positive, 60 percent had negative margins and only 14 percent had positive lymph nodes.

title: @entity3 deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy for T2b and T3 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In an effort to improve on the results of radical prostatectomy for clinical stages T2b and T3 @entity2 , a selected group of @entity0 received @entity3 deprivation for three to sixteen months prior to surgery. METHODS: Fifteen @entity0 with clinical T2b and 22 with small T3 @entity1 received a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog (n = 34) or a bilateral orchiectomy (n = 3) three to sixteen months prior to radical retropubic prostatectomy. The prostate was evaluated with particular attention to @entity1 grade, presence of extracapsular extension, @entity1 at the inked margin, seminal vesicle invasion, and @entity1 in the lymph nodes. RESULTS: No @entity0 had clinical or chemical ( @entity4 [PSA]) progression during @entity3 deprivation. The PSA level declined a mean 90 percent and remained above 4 ng/mL in only two @entity0 . The prostate volume decreased an estimated 30-50 percent. @entity2 at the inked margin was found in 15 (41%) and seminal vesicle involvement in 11 (30%) @entity0 . Five (14%) had @entity1 in regional lymph nodes. There was no difference in regard to positive margins or lymph node metastases between those clinically staged as T2b and those preoperatively staged as T3. Fourteen @entity0 have received adjuvant therapy (13 @entity3 deprivation, one radiation therapy). None has progressed (mean follow-up, 38.4 months). Of 23 who did not receive immediate additional therapy, six (26%) had progression, as was evident from an increase in PSA and have since been treated. Only one continued to progress. Thirty-five of the 37 @entity0 are alive. Seventeen (46%) are @entity1 free (PSA < 0.4 ng/mL) without further @entity3 deprivation. CONCLUSIONS: Only a prospective randomized trial can determine whether @entity3 deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy has a role. The results from this trial are encouraging for several reasons. The prostate is much smaller as a result of @entity3 deprivation and this may facilitate surgery. Although the great majority of these @entity0 were expected to be margin positive, 60 percent had negative margins and only 14 percent had positive lymph nodes.

title: XXXX deprivation prior to radical prostatectomy for T2b and T3 @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Diquat @entity1 to the lung was evaluated in @entity0 . Diquat was administered intratracheally (i.t.) and its toxic potential was compared with that of @entity3 . Diquat showed toxic effects in the lung when administered i.t. In previous research, diquat administered by the intravenous (i.v.) or oral (p.o.) route had little effect on the lung. a sufficient dose of @entity4 administered i.t. would be potentially toxic to the lung, but diquat is much less toxic to the lung than @entity3 , which is actively taken up by lung tissue. This suggests that diquat is not actively taken up by lung tissue when administered i.t., but may be passively taken up by the lung tissue and induce @entity2 .

title: The toxic effect of diquat on the XXXX lung after intratracheal administration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Primary @entity7 is a rare congenital condition associated with @entity5 . @entity6 and @entity3 secondary to this condition are frequent but infectious complications are not. So far few immunological studies have been made in these @entity0 . We report here the results of such a study carried out in two adolescents. Both @entity0 presented with a dramatic decrease in serum gammaglobulins, especially IgG and IgA, and in peripheral blood lymphocytes, especially @entity1 T helper cells. From a functional standpoint, the proliferative response to certain mitogens was reduced. A decrease in in vitro production of immunoglobulins by B lymphocytes may be due to a faulty T/B cell cooperation. Histological examination of duodenal biopsy specimens revealed a decreased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes. Colonoscopy revealed @entity4 in the terminal ileum, confirmed by endoscopic biopsy. The role of these abnormalities in the development of infectious complications and @entity2 is underscored.

title: Immunological study in primary XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the literature laser treatment in @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is established to prevent @entity7 . We investigated the relationship of morphological and fluorescein angiographic findings with the results of laser treatment. @entity0 AND METHODS: In 70 (56%) of 125 examined @entity0 with @entity9 laser treatment was performed. Indications were either @entity10 or @entity6 with visual acuity < or = 0.5. RESULTS: The results compare visual acuity before and after laser treatment (three months and 11.5 months on average) examined by Wilcoxon-test. There was no significant improvement in visual acuity (p = 0.62). After laser treatment 3 (9%) @entity0 with @entity3 @entity9 developed @entity7 and 2 (6%) @entity8 . There was no correlation between visual outcome and @entity3 type (non @entity3 type p = 0.61, @entity3 type p = 0.67), @entity5 (cystoid macula @entity1 p = 0.87, @entity3 @entity5 p = 0.5) and internal diseases ( @entity4 p = 0.43, @entity2 p = 0.74). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that there is no significant visual improvement in @entity0 with @entity9 after laser treatment. There are no morphological and angiographic findings indicating a subgroup with good visual prognosis.

title: [Results of laser coagulation of XXXX ].

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this phase 2 study was to determine the potential efficacy and safety of systemic alpha interferon in the treatment of subfoveal @entity4 associated with age-related macular @entity5 . METHOD: Subcutaneous alpha interferon was administered to 24 @entity0 (24 eyes), and they were prospectively studied. Alpha interferon was administered subcutaneously four times daily at a dose of 3 x 10(6) U/m2 (average total dose, 204 MU). The studied parameters included best-corrected visual acuity, membrane size, blood, exudates, and subretinal fluid. Toxic effects and performance status were graded according to the National @entity1 Institute @entity2 criteria and Karnofsky performance scale, respectively. RESULTS: Of the 24 treated eyes, 5 (21%) showed objective evidence of anatomic improvement, as defined by decrease in membrane size or improvement in fluorescein angiographic characteristics, but in only 3 of these 5 was the improvement maintained. The same three @entity0 achieved and maintained functional success (visual improvement). Two of the five @entity0 with initial anatomic improvement had subsequent membrane recurrence, which resulted in no visual change in one but @entity3 in the other. For the majority of @entity0 , the anatomic and visual status remained the same or became worse after treatment. All @entity0 experienced some degree of adverse reactions involving multiple organ systems. Decreased performance status affected 80% of the @entity0 . CONCLUSION: This study documents that regression of @entity4 that occurred with alpha interferon treatment was minimal. Toxic effects interfering with @entity0 ' performance status are associated with alpha interferon treatment. Although a randomized trial of interferon versus no therapy may be warranted, fundamental issues (i.e., the biologic properties of interferon versus other more potent agents against @entity4 , medication dosages, and routes of administration), need to be addressed before embarking on such a trial.

title: The treatment of choroidal neovascular membranes by alpha interferon. An efficacy and XXXX study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have found a monoclonal antibody, called BV7, that rapidly stimulated by 6-10-folds HT-29 @entity4 cell adhesion to resting @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells. This effect was directed to @entity1 cells and not to endothelial cells and was cell-specific. BV7 was also active on the HCCP-2998 but did not change adhesion to endothelial cells of other @entity1 cells (MG63 @entity3 , @entity2 , MHCC-1410 and Lovo @entity4 ) even if, by flow cytometry, this monoclonal antibody could bind to them. Additionally, BV7 effect was substratum-specific, since it did not increase but rather blocked HT-29 adhesion to matrix proteins. Immunoprecipitation analysis and binding to specific transfectants revealed that BV7 recognizes beta 1-subunit of integrin receptors and antibody blocking experiments showed that alpha 2 beta 1 antibodies were able to counteract BV7 effect on HT-29 adhesion to endothelial cells. In contrast, antibodies directed to other integrins or endothelial adhesive receptors (E- and @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity8 ) were ineffective. Induction of HT-29 adhesion to endothelial cells by BV7 was Fc- and protein synthesis-independent but required metabolically active cells. The presence of physiological concentrations of divalent cations and of cytoskeletal integrity was not needed. Comparative studies with eight different prototypic beta 1 antibodies showed that five of them induced HT-29 adhesion to endothelial cells in a way unrelated to their ability to interfere with HT-29 adhesion to matrix proteins. Cross-blocking binding assays demonstrated that all the five antibodies recognized a topographically related epitope. Taken together these results provide evidence that beta 1 antibodies may trigger a novel pathway of HT-29 @entity4 adhesion to endothelial cells with different features in respect to other described mechanisms of @entity1 cell interaction with the endothelium.

title: A novel mechanism of XXXX cell adhesion to the endothelium triggered by beta 1 integrin chain.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Various snake venom peptides have been extensively evaluated for use as antithrombotic agents. Recently, it was determined that the snake venom peptide sarafotoxin S6b (S6b) is structurally similar to the potent vasoactive hormone @entity6 ( @entity6 ), which has been shown to inhibit agonist-induced @entity4 . The potential in vivo antithrombotic activity of S6b was compared with that of @entity6 , a much more potent pressor agent than S6b, by evaluating the effects of S6b and @entity6 (0.5 microgram/kg i.v.) on repetitive @entity4 formation (RPTF) in the stenosed @entity1 circumflex coronary artery. In this model platelets adhere to the damaged vessel wall near a mechanically produced @entity3 . As platelets aggregate at this site, blood flow gradually declines until the vessel is completely occluded. The @entity2 is then physically dislodged, thus restoring flow. The blood flow pattern resulting from RPTF is referred to as cyclic flow reductions (CFRs). Injection of S6b or @entity6 blocked RPTF, as indicated by inhibition of CFRs. On a rating system of 0 (no effect) to 3 (complete inhibition), S6b and @entity6 produced CFR ratings of 1.8 +/- 0.5 (n = 6) and 2.0 +/- 0.4 (n = 6), respectively. This effect was not blocked by pretreatment with @entity0 at 5 mg/kg i.v., a dose that abolishes @entity5 -induced ex vivo @entity4 (CFR scores for S6b and @entity6 were 2.6 +/- 0.2, n = 5 and 2.0 +/- 0.3, n = 5, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The snake venom peptide sarafotoxin S6b inhibits repetitive XXXX formation in the stenosed @entity1 coronary artery.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Various snake venom peptides have been extensively evaluated for use as antithrombotic agents. Recently, it was determined that the snake venom peptide sarafotoxin S6b (S6b) is structurally similar to the potent vasoactive hormone @entity6 ( @entity6 ), which has been shown to inhibit agonist-induced @entity4 . The potential in vivo antithrombotic activity of S6b was compared with that of @entity6 , a much more potent pressor agent than S6b, by evaluating the effects of S6b and @entity6 (0.5 microgram/kg i.v.) on repetitive @entity4 formation (RPTF) in the stenosed @entity1 circumflex coronary artery. In this model platelets adhere to the damaged vessel wall near a mechanically produced @entity3 . As platelets aggregate at this site, blood flow gradually declines until the vessel is completely occluded. The @entity2 is then physically dislodged, thus restoring flow. The blood flow pattern resulting from RPTF is referred to as cyclic flow reductions (CFRs). Injection of S6b or @entity6 blocked RPTF, as indicated by inhibition of CFRs. On a rating system of 0 (no effect) to 3 (complete inhibition), S6b and @entity6 produced CFR ratings of 1.8 +/- 0.5 (n = 6) and 2.0 +/- 0.4 (n = 6), respectively. This effect was not blocked by pretreatment with @entity0 at 5 mg/kg i.v., a dose that abolishes @entity5 -induced ex vivo @entity4 (CFR scores for S6b and @entity6 were 2.6 +/- 0.2, n = 5 and 2.0 +/- 0.3, n = 5, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The snake venom peptide sarafotoxin S6b inhibits repetitive @entity4 formation in the stenosed XXXX coronary artery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Fourteen @entity0 with normal, global, left ventricular function scheduled for elective myocardial revascularization were studied at rest and during atrial pacing before and during @entity7 anesthesia (0.5% end-tidal) plus 50% @entity6 . Rapid atrial pacing was performed in a stepwise fashion until the onset of @entity5 in the awake @entity0 . The same step increase in pacing rate was applied in the anesthetized @entity0 . Compared with prepacing baseline values, @entity7 significantly decreased systemic blood pressure, coronary perfusion pressure, the rate-pressure product, and cardiac index. No @entity0 had ST-segment @entity2 while awake or during @entity7 anesthesia before pacing was started. Prepacing left and right ventricular filling pressures and wave forms were normal, both while awake and during @entity7 anesthesia. The mean pacing rate at which first signs of @entity4 appeared (V5 ST-segment @entity2 greater than or equal to 0.1 mV, increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) to greater than or equal to 15 mmHg, and prominent PCWP v-waves greater than or equal to 20 mmHg) was significantly higher during @entity7 anesthesia than in the awake @entity0 (128 +/- 4 vs. 115 +/- 5 beats/min). With the exception of one @entity0 , the individual pacing rates inducing first signs of @entity1 in the awake @entity0 were below the anginal threshold. None of the @entity0 had a reduced @entity1 threshold during anesthesia. Eleven anesthetized @entity0 tolerated a higher pacing rate until initial signs of @entity1 appeared. In four of these @entity0 , the pacing rate required to induce first signs of @entity1 was above the heart rate at which @entity3 had been induced while they were awake. At a peak atrial pacing rate of 129 +/- 5 beats/min, which had induced @entity5 in the awake @entity0 , the increase in PCWP was significantly smaller during pacing with @entity7 than during control pacing. Prominent PCWP v-waves (greater than or equal to 20 mmHg) appeared in 12 of the 14 @entity0 during initial pacing to angina and in eight @entity0 paced during @entity7 anesthesia. In six of these eight @entity0 , the abnormal v-waves were less prominent than those observed during control pacing. Ischemic ST-segment changes developed in 13 of 14 @entity0 during initial pacing and in nine @entity0 during pacing with @entity7 . Mean V5 ST-segment @entity2 during the two pacing periods was significantly different, averaging 0.19 and 0.11 mV, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: XXXX improves the tolerance to pacing-induced @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Fourteen @entity0 with normal, global, left ventricular function scheduled for elective myocardial revascularization were studied at rest and during atrial pacing before and during @entity7 anesthesia (0.5% end-tidal) plus 50% @entity6 . Rapid atrial pacing was performed in a stepwise fashion until the onset of @entity5 in the awake @entity0 . The same step increase in pacing rate was applied in the anesthetized @entity0 . Compared with prepacing baseline values, @entity7 significantly decreased systemic blood pressure, coronary perfusion pressure, the rate-pressure product, and cardiac index. No @entity0 had ST-segment @entity2 while awake or during @entity7 anesthesia before pacing was started. Prepacing left and right ventricular filling pressures and wave forms were normal, both while awake and during @entity7 anesthesia. The mean pacing rate at which first signs of @entity4 appeared (V5 ST-segment @entity2 greater than or equal to 0.1 mV, increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) to greater than or equal to 15 mmHg, and prominent PCWP v-waves greater than or equal to 20 mmHg) was significantly higher during @entity7 anesthesia than in the awake @entity0 (128 +/- 4 vs. 115 +/- 5 beats/min). With the exception of one @entity0 , the individual pacing rates inducing first signs of @entity1 in the awake @entity0 were below the anginal threshold. None of the @entity0 had a reduced @entity1 threshold during anesthesia. Eleven anesthetized @entity0 tolerated a higher pacing rate until initial signs of @entity1 appeared. In four of these @entity0 , the pacing rate required to induce first signs of @entity1 was above the heart rate at which @entity3 had been induced while they were awake. At a peak atrial pacing rate of 129 +/- 5 beats/min, which had induced @entity5 in the awake @entity0 , the increase in PCWP was significantly smaller during pacing with @entity7 than during control pacing. Prominent PCWP v-waves (greater than or equal to 20 mmHg) appeared in 12 of the 14 @entity0 during initial pacing to angina and in eight @entity0 paced during @entity7 anesthesia. In six of these eight @entity0 , the abnormal v-waves were less prominent than those observed during control pacing. Ischemic ST-segment changes developed in 13 of 14 @entity0 during initial pacing and in nine @entity0 during pacing with @entity7 . Mean V5 ST-segment @entity2 during the two pacing periods was significantly different, averaging 0.19 and 0.11 mV, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity7 improves the tolerance to pacing-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity7 ovary cells were maintained in culture medium supplemented with delipidated serum to make them dependent on nonlipid components for lipid synthesis. Growth in lipid-free medium resulted in an increased flux through the @entity9 - @entity4 pathway for @entity5 synthesis. The increased flux appeared to be mediated by the @entity0 : @entity6 cytidylyltransferase because cellular @entity6 levels decreased in cells grown in lipid-free medium, and both cell-free cytidylyltransferase activity and membrane-associated cytidylyltransferase activity increased in cells grown in lipid-free medium. @entity7 ovary cells maintained in culture medium supplemented with complete serum can grow at nearly normal rates in the presence of phospholipase C for many generations, even though the treatment enhances turnover of cellular @entity5 (R. Sleight and C. Kent (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 824-830). The phospholipase C treatment, however, was toxic to cells maintained in medium supplemented with delipidated serum. @entity8 protected cells from phospholipase @entity1 , but did not support growth. The rate of utilization of @entity8 for @entity5 synthesis was about 8% of the turnover rate for @entity5 , and was not increased by phospholipase C treatment. Reconstitution of the medium with fractionated serum lipids showed that the cells required specific neutral lipids, namely, @entity3 plus @entity2 , in order to grow in the presence of phospholipase C. Either oleate or @entity2 (up to 80 microM) alone did not allow growth in phospholipase C, but a combination of these two lipids supported growth effectively.

title: XXXX ovary cells depend on exogenous lipids to survive phospholipase C treatment.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Eight @entity0 received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) as therapy for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) using marrow from unrelated donors. In all cases donors and recipients were HLA DR identical and had low MLC reactivity. In three cases recipients received marrow that was identical at the @entity3 ,B loci. In five cases HLA identity differed for one @entity3 locus antigen. The unrelated donor search interval ranged from 2 to 28 months (median, 3 months). All recipients were prepared with a combination of @entity1 , 60 mg/kg/d administered intravenously (IV) (days -6,-5) and with total body irradiation administered in 165 cGy fractions twice daily for four days (days -4, -3, -2, -1). Engraftment occurred in all cases (range, 18 to 48 days; median, 35 days), and return to a complete Philadelphia chromosome (Ph') negative state was documented in six of eight cases. Moderate or severe acute @entity6 ( @entity6 ) occurred in seven of eight cases, and extensive chronic @entity6 in four of six evaluable recipients. A B cell @entity2 developed in one @entity0 . Four recipients have died within 2 to 4 months of transplant. Four of eight @entity0 survive at 11+ to 24+ months following transplantation (median, 15+ months) with normal peripheral blood counts and without evidence of @entity4 . Current Karnofsky activity assessments are 90% or 100% in all survivors. Curative therapy of @entity5 has been available only to the minority of @entity0 eligible for sibling donor BMT. Unrelated donor BMT can be effective in the treatment of @entity5 and may be particularly useful in this disorder since the prolonged stable phase of disease offers an opportunity to locate suitable donors.

title: Unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) is the most predominant RNA species in eukaryotes. The piRNA are a class of noncoding RNAs that bind and degrade the RNA formed by the transposons to control the transposon-induced gene mutations. The role of piRNA after focal @entity1 is not yet evaluated. METHODS: We profiled 39 727 piRNAs in the cerebral cortex of adult @entity0 subjected to transient focal @entity1 using microarrays. The RT targets of @entity2 were identified with bioinformatics. To understand how piRNAs are controlled, we analyzed the transcription factor binding sites in the putative promoters of 10 representative @entity2 . RESULTS: In the ipsilateral cortex of @entity1 @entity0 , 105 piRNAs showed altered expression (54 up- and 51 downregulated; >2.5-fold) compared with shams. Twenty-five of those showed a >5-fold change. A bioinformatics search showed that the transposon targets of the highly @entity2 are distributed among the 20 autosomal chromosomes and there is a redundancy in the targets between the piRNAs. Furthermore, the transposon targets were observed to be highly repetitious for each piRNA across the chromosome length. Of the 159 transcription factors observed to have binding sites in the piRNA gene promoters, 59% belonged to 20 major families indicating that transcription factors control @entity2 in a redundant manner. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first to show that many piRNAs are expressed in adult rodent brain and several of them respond to focal @entity1 .

title: Altered expression of PIWI RNA in the @entity0 brain after transient focal XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) is the most predominant RNA species in eukaryotes. The piRNA are a class of noncoding RNAs that bind and degrade the RNA formed by the transposons to control the transposon-induced gene mutations. The role of piRNA after focal @entity1 is not yet evaluated. METHODS: We profiled 39 727 piRNAs in the cerebral cortex of adult @entity0 subjected to transient focal @entity1 using microarrays. The RT targets of @entity2 were identified with bioinformatics. To understand how piRNAs are controlled, we analyzed the transcription factor binding sites in the putative promoters of 10 representative @entity2 . RESULTS: In the ipsilateral cortex of @entity1 @entity0 , 105 piRNAs showed altered expression (54 up- and 51 downregulated; >2.5-fold) compared with shams. Twenty-five of those showed a >5-fold change. A bioinformatics search showed that the transposon targets of the highly @entity2 are distributed among the 20 autosomal chromosomes and there is a redundancy in the targets between the piRNAs. Furthermore, the transposon targets were observed to be highly repetitious for each piRNA across the chromosome length. Of the 159 transcription factors observed to have binding sites in the piRNA gene promoters, 59% belonged to 20 major families indicating that transcription factors control @entity2 in a redundant manner. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first to show that many piRNAs are expressed in adult rodent brain and several of them respond to focal @entity1 .

title: Altered expression of PIWI RNA in the XXXX brain after transient focal @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: By northern blot analysis and ribonuclease protection assay, we observed the presence of a high level of @entity10 mRNA in primary brain cultures devoid of neuronal cells and highly enriched in glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astroglial cells prepared from newborn @entity0 cerebral hemispheres, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. In primary astroglial cultures, the more abundant @entity10 transcripts code for the truncated receptor without @entity1 kinase activity; probes specific for the full-length @entity10 mRNA did not detect any signal in northern blot analysis. By the sensitive ribonuclease protection assay, we could show the presence of @entity11 mRNA in cultured astrocytes, whereas no @entity6 mRNA was detected. We confirmed the presence of relatively high levels of nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 mRNA, and very low basal level of @entity5 mRNA. Moreover, we demonstrated that another member of the neurotrophin family, @entity9 , is also expressed in cultured astroglial cells. In view of the fact that many functional receptors for conventional neurotransmitters or neuropeptides present on astroglial cells may act via the @entity3 cyclase system, we studied also the effect of agents able to increase the intracellular @entity2 concentration. A sharp increase in the @entity10 mRNA level was observed after treatment of primary astroglial cultures with @entity7 , @entity8 , or the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, @entity4 . On the contrary, @entity11 mRNA levels were unaffected by treatment with @entity2 -elevating agents. All the neurotrophin mRNAs examined, except neutrophin-4, were increased by @entity4 treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in primary astroglial cultures: induction by XXXX -elevating agents.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 , the most widespread mosquito-borne disease, affects 350-500 million @entity0 each year. Eco-friendly control tools against @entity2 vectors are urgently needed. This research proposed a novel method of plant-mediated synthesis of @entity4 nanoparticles (AgNP) using a cheap seaweed extract of Ulva lactuca, acting as a reducing and capping agent. AgNP were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM),  and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The U. lactuca extract and the green-synthesized AgNP were tested against larvae and pupae of the @entity2 vector Anopheles stephensi. In mosquitocidal assays, LC50 values of U. lactuca extract against A. stephensi larvae and pupae were 18.365  ppm (I instar), 23.948  ppm (II), 29.701  ppm (III), 37.517  ppm (IV), and 43.012  ppm (pupae). LC50 values of AgNP against A. stephensi were 2.111  ppm (I), 3.090  ppm (II), 4.629  ppm (III), 5.261  ppm (IV), and 6.860  ppm (pupae). Smoke @entity1 experiments conducted against mosquito adults showed that U. lactuca coils evoked mortality rates comparable to the @entity3 -based positive control (66, 51, and 41  %, respectively). Furthermore, the antiplasmodial activity of U. lactuca extract and U. lactuca-synthesized AgNP was evaluated against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of @entity5 . Fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of U. lactuca were 57.26   g/ml (CQ-s) and 66.36   g/ml (CQ-r); U. lactuca-synthesized AgNP IC50 values were 76.33   g/ml (CQ-s) and 79.13   g/ml (CQ-r). Overall, our results highlighted out that U. lactuca-synthesized AgNP may be employed to develop newer and safer agents for @entity2 control.

title: Seaweed-synthesized @entity4 nanoparticles: an eco-friendly tool in the fight against XXXX and its vector Anopheles stephensi?

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 , the most widespread mosquito-borne disease, affects 350-500 million @entity0 each year. Eco-friendly control tools against @entity2 vectors are urgently needed. This research proposed a novel method of plant-mediated synthesis of @entity4 nanoparticles (AgNP) using a cheap seaweed extract of Ulva lactuca, acting as a reducing and capping agent. AgNP were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM),  and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The U. lactuca extract and the green-synthesized AgNP were tested against larvae and pupae of the @entity2 vector Anopheles stephensi. In mosquitocidal assays, LC50 values of U. lactuca extract against A. stephensi larvae and pupae were 18.365  ppm (I instar), 23.948  ppm (II), 29.701  ppm (III), 37.517  ppm (IV), and 43.012  ppm (pupae). LC50 values of AgNP against A. stephensi were 2.111  ppm (I), 3.090  ppm (II), 4.629  ppm (III), 5.261  ppm (IV), and 6.860  ppm (pupae). Smoke @entity1 experiments conducted against mosquito adults showed that U. lactuca coils evoked mortality rates comparable to the @entity3 -based positive control (66, 51, and 41  %, respectively). Furthermore, the antiplasmodial activity of U. lactuca extract and U. lactuca-synthesized AgNP was evaluated against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of @entity5 . Fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of U. lactuca were 57.26   g/ml (CQ-s) and 66.36   g/ml (CQ-r); U. lactuca-synthesized AgNP IC50 values were 76.33   g/ml (CQ-s) and 79.13   g/ml (CQ-r). Overall, our results highlighted out that U. lactuca-synthesized AgNP may be employed to develop newer and safer agents for @entity2 control.

title: Seaweed-synthesized XXXX nanoparticles: an eco-friendly tool in the fight against @entity5 and its vector Anopheles stephensi?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Differences between centers in @entity0 outcome after @entity1 are of importance for multicenter studies and have seldom been studied. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the differences in centers enrolling @entity0 in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and surveys. METHODS: We analyzed individual @entity0 data from 9578 @entity0 with moderate and severe @entity1 enrolled in 10 RCTs and 3 observational studies. We used random-effects logistic regression models to estimate the between-center differences in unfavorable outcome (dead, vegetative state, or severe disability measured with the Glasgow Outcome Scale) at 6 months adjusted for differences in @entity0 characteristics. We calculated the difference in odds of unfavorable outcome between the centers at the higher end vs those at the lower end of the outcome distribution. We analyzed the total database, Europe and the United States separately, and 4 larger RCTs. RESULTS: The 9578 @entity0 were enrolled at 265 centers, and 4629 (48%) had an unfavorable outcome. After adjustment for @entity0 characteristics, there was a 3.3-fold difference in the odds of unfavorable outcome between the centers at the lower end of the outcome distribution (2.5th percentile) vs those at the higher end of the outcome distribution (97.5th percentile; P<.001). In the 4 larger RCTs, the differences between centers were similar. However, differences were smaller between centers in the United States (2.4-fold) than between centers in Europe (3.8-fold). CONCLUSION: Outcome after @entity1 differs substantially between centers, particularly in Europe. Further research is needed to study explanations for these differences to suggest where quality of care might be improved.

title: Large between-center differences in outcome after moderate and severe XXXX in the international mission on prognosis and clinical trial design in @entity1 (IMPACT) study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Differences between centers in @entity0 outcome after @entity1 are of importance for multicenter studies and have seldom been studied. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the differences in centers enrolling @entity0 in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and surveys. METHODS: We analyzed individual @entity0 data from 9578 @entity0 with moderate and severe @entity1 enrolled in 10 RCTs and 3 observational studies. We used random-effects logistic regression models to estimate the between-center differences in unfavorable outcome (dead, vegetative state, or severe disability measured with the Glasgow Outcome Scale) at 6 months adjusted for differences in @entity0 characteristics. We calculated the difference in odds of unfavorable outcome between the centers at the higher end vs those at the lower end of the outcome distribution. We analyzed the total database, Europe and the United States separately, and 4 larger RCTs. RESULTS: The 9578 @entity0 were enrolled at 265 centers, and 4629 (48%) had an unfavorable outcome. After adjustment for @entity0 characteristics, there was a 3.3-fold difference in the odds of unfavorable outcome between the centers at the lower end of the outcome distribution (2.5th percentile) vs those at the higher end of the outcome distribution (97.5th percentile; P<.001). In the 4 larger RCTs, the differences between centers were similar. However, differences were smaller between centers in the United States (2.4-fold) than between centers in Europe (3.8-fold). CONCLUSION: Outcome after @entity1 differs substantially between centers, particularly in Europe. Further research is needed to study explanations for these differences to suggest where quality of care might be improved.

title: Large between-center differences in outcome after moderate and severe @entity1 in the international mission on prognosis and clinical trial design in XXXX (IMPACT) study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Presently, most strategies for development of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) center around @entity2 models that are known to respond to presently marketed @entity3 . These strategies do not take into account that @entity1 can be a progressive disease. Moreover, region-specific aspects of epileptogenesis are rarely considered when new @entity3 are developed. @entity2 in the temporal lobe are often difficult to treat. Animal studies on various @entity2 models in the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex (EC) suggest that these structures do not a priori produce @entity2 that are difficult to treat. However, @entity2 -like events in the EC tend to progress to a state of @entity0 -like activity that cannot be suppressed by presently marketed @entity3 . Loss of @entity4 ( @entity4 )ergic neurotransmission and increased excitatory synaptic coupling seem to cooperate for induction of this state. @entity1 induced alterations in the interaction between the EC and the hippocampus may lead to alterations that facilitate precipitation of @entity2 . Because of the recurrent interaction between the hippocampus and the EC, these @entity2 may reach an intensity that is no longer controllable by presently available @entity3 . Ontogenetic alterations of the circuitry between the EC and the hippocampus, @entity2 -induced stabilization of synaptic connections overexpressed during ontogenesis, @entity2 -induced lesions and subsequent rearrangements of internal cell properties, and synaptic arrangements and kindling-like alterations of nerve cell and glial behavior may all be involved in the generation of a neuronal aggregate whose balance between inhibitory and excitatory processes becomes readily disturbed. Strategies for the development of @entity3 treating such @entity2 should suppress @entity5 and prevent progression of epileptogenesis. @entity3 directed against @entity2 may be effective if they can be given in sufficient concentrations to suppress very intense local @entity2 .

title: Strategies for the development of drugs for pharmacoresistant XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The donor cell culture in animal serum-free medium is important for the clinical application of cell transplantation therapy. Recently, @entity0 -derived platelet lysate (PL) gained interest as a substitute for fetal calf serum (FCS), but there are no studies that evaluate the validity of @entity0 bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) expanded with PL-containing medium for @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that hBMSCs expanded with FCS-free, PL-containing medium can promote functional recovery after @entity2 . METHODS: hBMSCs were cultured in the FCS- or PL-containing medium. Cell-growth kinetics were analyzed. The vehicle or hBMSCs was stereotactically transplanted into the ipsilateral striatum of the @entity1 subjected to permanent @entity4 7 days after the insult. Motor function was assessed for 8 weeks, and the fate of transplanted hBMSCs was examined using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in hBMSC expansion between the 2 groups. Transplantation of hBMSCs expanded with the FCS- or PL-containing medium equally promoted functional recovery compared with the vehicle group. Histological analysis revealed that there were no significant differences in their migration, survival, and neural differentiation in the @entity3 brain between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: hBMSCs expanded with PL-containing medium retained their capacity of migration, survival, and differentiation and significantly promoted functional recovery when stereotactically transplanted into the @entity3 brain. The PL may be a clinically valuable and safe substitute for FCS in expanding hBMSCs to regenerate the @entity3 brain.

title: Therapeutic impact of XXXX bone marrow stromal cells expanded by animal serum-free medium for @entity2 in @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The donor cell culture in animal serum-free medium is important for the clinical application of cell transplantation therapy. Recently, @entity0 -derived platelet lysate (PL) gained interest as a substitute for fetal calf serum (FCS), but there are no studies that evaluate the validity of @entity0 bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) expanded with PL-containing medium for @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that hBMSCs expanded with FCS-free, PL-containing medium can promote functional recovery after @entity2 . METHODS: hBMSCs were cultured in the FCS- or PL-containing medium. Cell-growth kinetics were analyzed. The vehicle or hBMSCs was stereotactically transplanted into the ipsilateral striatum of the @entity1 subjected to permanent @entity4 7 days after the insult. Motor function was assessed for 8 weeks, and the fate of transplanted hBMSCs was examined using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in hBMSC expansion between the 2 groups. Transplantation of hBMSCs expanded with the FCS- or PL-containing medium equally promoted functional recovery compared with the vehicle group. Histological analysis revealed that there were no significant differences in their migration, survival, and neural differentiation in the @entity3 brain between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: hBMSCs expanded with PL-containing medium retained their capacity of migration, survival, and differentiation and significantly promoted functional recovery when stereotactically transplanted into the @entity3 brain. The PL may be a clinically valuable and safe substitute for FCS in expanding hBMSCs to regenerate the @entity3 brain.

title: Therapeutic impact of @entity0 bone marrow stromal cells expanded by animal serum-free medium for XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The donor cell culture in animal serum-free medium is important for the clinical application of cell transplantation therapy. Recently, @entity0 -derived platelet lysate (PL) gained interest as a substitute for fetal calf serum (FCS), but there are no studies that evaluate the validity of @entity0 bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) expanded with PL-containing medium for @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that hBMSCs expanded with FCS-free, PL-containing medium can promote functional recovery after @entity2 . METHODS: hBMSCs were cultured in the FCS- or PL-containing medium. Cell-growth kinetics were analyzed. The vehicle or hBMSCs was stereotactically transplanted into the ipsilateral striatum of the @entity1 subjected to permanent @entity4 7 days after the insult. Motor function was assessed for 8 weeks, and the fate of transplanted hBMSCs was examined using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in hBMSC expansion between the 2 groups. Transplantation of hBMSCs expanded with the FCS- or PL-containing medium equally promoted functional recovery compared with the vehicle group. Histological analysis revealed that there were no significant differences in their migration, survival, and neural differentiation in the @entity3 brain between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: hBMSCs expanded with PL-containing medium retained their capacity of migration, survival, and differentiation and significantly promoted functional recovery when stereotactically transplanted into the @entity3 brain. The PL may be a clinically valuable and safe substitute for FCS in expanding hBMSCs to regenerate the @entity3 brain.

title: Therapeutic impact of @entity0 bone marrow stromal cells expanded by animal serum-free medium for @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1