abstract: We have studied 50 consecutive @entity0 who had sustained their first @entity1 . Using the noninvasive technique of radionuclide ventriculography, ventricular performance, as assessed by left ventricular @entity7 ( @entity7 ), was measured at rest just before discharge from hospital when @entity0 were well and free from @entity2 and then at one and four months after @entity6 , at rest and during submaximal supine exercise. Left ventricular @entity7 was below normal in 42 @entity0 (normal range 0.43-0.71). Mean @entity7 for those @entity0 recovering from inferior @entity6 was 0.43 +/- 0.09 (mean +/- 1 S.D.), whereas for those who had sustained anterior @entity6 mean @entity7 was significantly lower, 0.33 +/- 0.13 (p less than 0.01). @entity7 was significantly reduced (p less than 0.01) in those @entity0 whose early progress was complicated either by serious @entity3 or @entity5 . There was only poor correlation between @entity7 and radiographically determined heart size but global left ventricular performance correlated well with the presence of abnormalities of regional wall movement. Over the first four months low @entity7 failed to improve in seven @entity0 with areas of dyskinesis ( @entity7 less tha 0.30) and despite diuretic therapy five suffered further episodes of @entity2 . Excluding those with dyskinesis there were 18 @entity0 who were unable to increase @entity7 on exercise on month after @entity6 . Of these four already had symptoms of @entity4 but a further 10 @entity0 developed @entity4 in the subsequent three months. Poor left ventricular performance is common after anterior @entity1 , complicated in the acute phase by serious @entity3 or @entity5 . @entity0 with persistently low @entity7 had an increased risk of further episodes of @entity2 , whereas a fall in @entity7 on exercise was associated with subsequent @entity4 .

title: Prognostic value of radionuclide ventriculography after XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: As supplement to @entity5 mutational analysis, @entity3 and @entity7 mutations as well as expression of @entity4 may account for additional non-responders to anti- @entity2 -MoAbs treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the utility as biomarkers of these mutations in a uniform cohort of @entity0 with metastatic @entity1 treated with third-line cetuximab/ @entity6 . METHODS: One-hundred-and-seven @entity0 were prospectively included in the study. Mutational analyses of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 were performed on DNA from confirmed malignant tissue using commercially available kits. Loss of @entity4 and @entity2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: DNA was available in 94 @entity0 . The frequency of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 mutations were 44%, 3% and 14%, respectively. All were non-responders. EGF receptor status by IHC and loss of @entity4 failed to show any clinical importance. @entity5 and @entity3 were mutually exclusive. Supplementing @entity5 analysis with @entity3 and @entity7 identified additional 11% of non-responders. @entity0 with any mutation had a high risk of early progression, whereas triple-negative status implied a response rate (RR) of 41% (p<0.001), a disease control (DC) rate of 73% (p<001), and a significantly higher PFS of 7.7(5.1-8.6 95%CI) versus 2.3 months (2.1-3.695%CI) (p<0.000). CONCLUSION: Triple-negative status implied a clear benefit from treatment, and we suggest that @entity0 selection for third-line combination therapy with cetuximab/ @entity6 could be based on triple mutational testing.

title: XXXX related mutational status and association to clinical outcome of third-line cetuximab- @entity6 in metastatic @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: As supplement to @entity5 mutational analysis, @entity3 and @entity7 mutations as well as expression of @entity4 may account for additional non-responders to anti- @entity2 -MoAbs treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the utility as biomarkers of these mutations in a uniform cohort of @entity0 with metastatic @entity1 treated with third-line cetuximab/ @entity6 . METHODS: One-hundred-and-seven @entity0 were prospectively included in the study. Mutational analyses of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 were performed on DNA from confirmed malignant tissue using commercially available kits. Loss of @entity4 and @entity2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: DNA was available in 94 @entity0 . The frequency of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 mutations were 44%, 3% and 14%, respectively. All were non-responders. EGF receptor status by IHC and loss of @entity4 failed to show any clinical importance. @entity5 and @entity3 were mutually exclusive. Supplementing @entity5 analysis with @entity3 and @entity7 identified additional 11% of non-responders. @entity0 with any mutation had a high risk of early progression, whereas triple-negative status implied a response rate (RR) of 41% (p<0.001), a disease control (DC) rate of 73% (p<001), and a significantly higher PFS of 7.7(5.1-8.6 95%CI) versus 2.3 months (2.1-3.695%CI) (p<0.000). CONCLUSION: Triple-negative status implied a clear benefit from treatment, and we suggest that @entity0 selection for third-line combination therapy with cetuximab/ @entity6 could be based on triple mutational testing.

title: @entity2 related mutational status and association to clinical outcome of third-line cetuximab- @entity6 in metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: As supplement to @entity5 mutational analysis, @entity3 and @entity7 mutations as well as expression of @entity4 may account for additional non-responders to anti- @entity2 -MoAbs treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the utility as biomarkers of these mutations in a uniform cohort of @entity0 with metastatic @entity1 treated with third-line cetuximab/ @entity6 . METHODS: One-hundred-and-seven @entity0 were prospectively included in the study. Mutational analyses of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 were performed on DNA from confirmed malignant tissue using commercially available kits. Loss of @entity4 and @entity2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: DNA was available in 94 @entity0 . The frequency of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 mutations were 44%, 3% and 14%, respectively. All were non-responders. EGF receptor status by IHC and loss of @entity4 failed to show any clinical importance. @entity5 and @entity3 were mutually exclusive. Supplementing @entity5 analysis with @entity3 and @entity7 identified additional 11% of non-responders. @entity0 with any mutation had a high risk of early progression, whereas triple-negative status implied a response rate (RR) of 41% (p<0.001), a disease control (DC) rate of 73% (p<001), and a significantly higher PFS of 7.7(5.1-8.6 95%CI) versus 2.3 months (2.1-3.695%CI) (p<0.000). CONCLUSION: Triple-negative status implied a clear benefit from treatment, and we suggest that @entity0 selection for third-line combination therapy with cetuximab/ @entity6 could be based on triple mutational testing.

title: @entity2 related mutational status and association to clinical outcome of third-line cetuximab- XXXX in metastatic @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: 18 @entity0 suffering from @entity4 were treated with @entity5 . In addition 6 @entity0 who were threatened by acute and permanent @entity3 received antilymphocyte globulines. The follow-up varies from 1 to 12 years with an average of 4,5 years. Recovery from ocular inflammation was total in 14 @entity0 , and partial in 4 @entity0 . 6 eyes underwent an uneventful @entity1 extraction. None of the 8 one-eyed @entity0 became blind. The mean improvement of visual acuity at the end of the follow-up period was 0,4. However recurrences occurred in 3 @entity0 when the treatment was stopped. In this series blood cell tolerance was the major problems encountered. The results achieved in this series lead to confirm that @entity5 and A.L.G. have dramatically improved the ocular prognosis of @entity4 . However @entity5 must not be considered to be the ultimate answer to the treatment of @entity4 since recurrences occur when the treatment has been stopped. In addition to this, long term treatments with @entity5 involve a high risk of severe @entity2 .

title: [Immunosuppressive therapy of XXXX . Long term follow-up evaluation (author's transl)].

answer: @entity4


abstract: High-grade @entity3 are heterogeneous with respect to the composition of bona fide @entity0 cells and with respect to a range of intermingling parenchymal cells. @entity2 harbor multiple cell types, some with increased tumorigenicity and stem cell-like capacity. The stem-like cells may be the cells of origin for @entity0 relapse. However, the @entity0 -associated parenchymal cells-such as vascular cells, microglia, peripheral immune cells, and neural precursor cells-also play a vital role in controlling the course of pathology. In this review, we describe the multiple interactions of bulk @entity1 cells and @entity1 stem cells with parenchymal cell populations and highlight the pathological impact and signaling pathways known for these types of cell-cell communication. The @entity0 not only nourishes @entity2 , but also provides a specialized niche for these stem-like cells. In addition, microglial cells, which can contribute up to 30% of a @entity3 mass, play a role in @entity2 cell invasion. Moreover, non-neoplastic astrocytes can be converted into a reactive phenotype by the @entity1 microenvironment and can then secrete a number of factors which influences @entity0 biology. The young brain may have the capacity to inhibit gliomagenesis by the endogenous neural stem and progenitor cells, which secrete @entity0 suppressive factors. The factors, pathways, and interactions described in this review provide a new prospective on the cell biology of primary @entity3 , which may ultimately generate new treatment modalities. However, our picture of the multiple interactions between parenchymal and @entity0 cells is still incomplete.    2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

title: The XXXX microenvironment.

answer: @entity3


abstract: There is a need for a simple technique to collect breath samples of @entity0 suspected of driving under the influence of @entity1 . Solutions containing @entity2 were analyzed using dichromatic oxidation procedures. The standard solutions were placed in a breath @entity1 simulator at 34 degrees C and the vapors analyzed with a CMI Intoxilyzer, Model 4011AS, with one-way valves placed at either end to prevent air entering the outlet or leaving through the inlet. The analyzed 715-mL vapor sample was then pumped through an activated @entity3 gel column. The trapped @entity1 was removed from the column with water, and the resulting solution was analyzed by @entity4 oxidation, liquid injection, and headspace gas chromatographic procedures. A very good linear relationship between concentration and peak height ratio was obtained by gas chromatography. The slope of the graph was used to calculate the percentage of blood @entity1 for breath samples previously analyzed by the Intoxilyzer. The average deviation from the correct @entity1 value was +/- 5%. Samples were collected, stored, and analyzed after 15, 90, and 120 days with no apparent loss of @entity1 . The three methods of analyzing the trapped @entity1 were compared. Over 100 trapped samples were collected in the field and analyzed, and the laboratory analyses were compared with the breath analyzer printouts.

title: The trapping, storing, and subsequent analysis of XXXX in in-vitro samples previously analyzed by a nondestructive technique.

answer: @entity2


abstract: This Phase II trial investigated the combination @entity6 (P) and @entity11 -tegafur (UFT) in @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). METHODS: Main eligibility criteria included @entity8 negative @entity0 , ECOG performance status of 0-2, exposure to 1-2 prior chemotherapy regimen in the metastatic setting, previous exposure to an @entity10 containing regimen either at metastatic or adjuvant setting. Each 35-day cycle consisted of P at 80  mg/m(2) by intravenous infusion on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29 and oral UFT at 300  mg/m(2) TID (three time a day) from days 1-28 and oral @entity9 at 90  mg QD (one a day). RESULTS: Between March 2003 and December 2007, 31 @entity1 were enrolled. Median age was 66  years (range 44-78). All @entity2 were @entity8 negative and 7% were triple negative (ER, @entity12 , @entity8 ). The majority of @entity1 had @entity3 (81%). All @entity1 had received an @entity10 containing regimen and 74% had a previous docetaxel containing treatment. Median of 4 and 3 cycles of P and UFT were administered with a relative dose intensity of 85.3% and 94.3%, respectively. Twelve (40%)(95% CI:  22.5-57.5) confirmed ORR were observed. Stable and progression disease were reported in 43% and 17% of cases. Median Response duration was 8.4 month (95% CI: 4.9-11.7), median Time to progression was 9.5 months (95% CI: 6.6-13.8) and median Overall Survival was 23.5 months (95% CI: 16.8-37.2). Thirteen pts (43%) experienced a grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs): One @entity5 occurred related to the study drugs ( @entity7 ). Chemotherapy was discontinued due to @entity4 in 30% of pts CONCLUSIONS: Accrual was closed in January 2008 due to concerns regarding the degree and accumulative nature of AEs. Nonetheless, the ORR is encouraging and warranted further studies with adapted doses and schedules.

title: Phase II trial of @entity6 and XXXX --tegafur in @entity0 . TEGATAX trial.

answer: @entity11


abstract: This Phase II trial investigated the combination @entity6 (P) and @entity11 -tegafur (UFT) in @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). METHODS: Main eligibility criteria included @entity8 negative @entity0 , ECOG performance status of 0-2, exposure to 1-2 prior chemotherapy regimen in the metastatic setting, previous exposure to an @entity10 containing regimen either at metastatic or adjuvant setting. Each 35-day cycle consisted of P at 80  mg/m(2) by intravenous infusion on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29 and oral UFT at 300  mg/m(2) TID (three time a day) from days 1-28 and oral @entity9 at 90  mg QD (one a day). RESULTS: Between March 2003 and December 2007, 31 @entity1 were enrolled. Median age was 66  years (range 44-78). All @entity2 were @entity8 negative and 7% were triple negative (ER, @entity12 , @entity8 ). The majority of @entity1 had @entity3 (81%). All @entity1 had received an @entity10 containing regimen and 74% had a previous docetaxel containing treatment. Median of 4 and 3 cycles of P and UFT were administered with a relative dose intensity of 85.3% and 94.3%, respectively. Twelve (40%)(95% CI:  22.5-57.5) confirmed ORR were observed. Stable and progression disease were reported in 43% and 17% of cases. Median Response duration was 8.4 month (95% CI: 4.9-11.7), median Time to progression was 9.5 months (95% CI: 6.6-13.8) and median Overall Survival was 23.5 months (95% CI: 16.8-37.2). Thirteen pts (43%) experienced a grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs): One @entity5 occurred related to the study drugs ( @entity7 ). Chemotherapy was discontinued due to @entity4 in 30% of pts CONCLUSIONS: Accrual was closed in January 2008 due to concerns regarding the degree and accumulative nature of AEs. Nonetheless, the ORR is encouraging and warranted further studies with adapted doses and schedules.

title: Phase II trial of @entity6 and @entity11 --tegafur in XXXX . TEGATAX trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This Phase II trial investigated the combination @entity6 (P) and @entity11 -tegafur (UFT) in @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). METHODS: Main eligibility criteria included @entity8 negative @entity0 , ECOG performance status of 0-2, exposure to 1-2 prior chemotherapy regimen in the metastatic setting, previous exposure to an @entity10 containing regimen either at metastatic or adjuvant setting. Each 35-day cycle consisted of P at 80  mg/m(2) by intravenous infusion on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29 and oral UFT at 300  mg/m(2) TID (three time a day) from days 1-28 and oral @entity9 at 90  mg QD (one a day). RESULTS: Between March 2003 and December 2007, 31 @entity1 were enrolled. Median age was 66  years (range 44-78). All @entity2 were @entity8 negative and 7% were triple negative (ER, @entity12 , @entity8 ). The majority of @entity1 had @entity3 (81%). All @entity1 had received an @entity10 containing regimen and 74% had a previous docetaxel containing treatment. Median of 4 and 3 cycles of P and UFT were administered with a relative dose intensity of 85.3% and 94.3%, respectively. Twelve (40%)(95% CI:  22.5-57.5) confirmed ORR were observed. Stable and progression disease were reported in 43% and 17% of cases. Median Response duration was 8.4 month (95% CI: 4.9-11.7), median Time to progression was 9.5 months (95% CI: 6.6-13.8) and median Overall Survival was 23.5 months (95% CI: 16.8-37.2). Thirteen pts (43%) experienced a grade 3 or 4 adverse events (AEs): One @entity5 occurred related to the study drugs ( @entity7 ). Chemotherapy was discontinued due to @entity4 in 30% of pts CONCLUSIONS: Accrual was closed in January 2008 due to concerns regarding the degree and accumulative nature of AEs. Nonetheless, the ORR is encouraging and warranted further studies with adapted doses and schedules.

title: Phase II trial of XXXX and @entity11 --tegafur in @entity0 . TEGATAX trial.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to analyze the spectrum and characteristic of @entity1 in selected haematological departments in the Czech and Slovak Republics, and to compare @entity8 ( @entity8 ) of some antifungal agents for isolates obtained. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1 March 2009 and 31 October 2010, Candida strains from clinically important material obtained from @entity0 with haematological @entity2 were collected. Each isolate was biochemically identified and tested for in vitro susceptibility to three known @entity7 and @entity5 and selected azoles using the E-test. Relevant clinical data were collected. RESULTS: The study included 63 isolates from 61 @entity0 . The most frequently isolated species were @entity6 and @entity9 (28 % and 19 %, respectively). However, after exclusion of isolates from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the percentage changed in favour of @entity6 and @entity10 (25 % and 17 respectively). The @entity8 data showed a high susceptibility of @entity4 to @entity7 and @entity5 . Ten (16 %) strains were cross-resistant to @entity11 (mostly @entity9 ). CONCLUSION: @entity1 is not frequent @entity3 in @entity0 with haematological @entity2 in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Moreover, the spectrum of pathogens was similar to that described in recent international studies. However, identification of susceptible and resistant strains according to @entity8 could be beneficial for choice of antifungal treatment.

title: [ XXXX in selected heamatology departments in the Czech Republic and Slovakia - microbiological results of the CAN CELL project].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has been associated with a number of complex brain functions, including @entity1 -like behaviors, arousal, sleep-wakefulness regulation, drug-seeking behaviors, and learning and memory. In order to better understand how @entity2 influences these functions in a neuronal network context, it is critical to identify transmitter systems that control @entity2 release and transmitters that are co-released with @entity2 . For this purpose, we generated several lines of @entity0 that express enhanced green-fluorescent protein (EGFP) under control of the endogenous @entity2 precursor promoter. @entity2 /EGFP- @entity0 show anatomically correct and overlapping expression of both @entity2 and EGFP. A total number of    500 @entity2 /EGFP-positive neurons are present in the @entity0 brain, located in the pericoerulear region and the K  lliker-Fuse nucleus. @entity2 and transgene expression is first detectable around E14, indicating a potential role for @entity2 in brain development. EGFP-positive cells were harvested by laser-capture microdissection, and mRNA was extracted for expression profiling by using microarray analysis. @entity2 was found co-localized with galanin in the K  lliker-Fuse nucleus of the lateral parabrachial area. A dense network of orexin/ @entity5 neuronal projections contacting pericoerulear @entity2 -producing neurons was observed by immunostaining. Expression of a distinct repertoire of metabotropic and ionotropic receptor genes was identified in both @entity2 neuronal clusters that will allow for detailed investigations of incoming neurotransmission, controlling neuronal activity of @entity2 -producing neurons. Stress-induced functional activation of @entity2 -producing neurons was detected by staining for the @entity3 gene @entity4 , thus supporting earlier findings that @entity2 might be part of the brain stress response network.

title: Molecular fingerprint of neuropeptide S-producing neurons in the XXXX brain.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The overall @entity3 risk results from @entity0 -related risk and surgical risk. The latter has been decreasing regularly over the last decades due to the advances in perioperative management. The benefits of perioperative @entity5 prophylaxis have been firmly established. Mechanical prophylaxis should be considered as first-line therapy in @entity0 with @entity1 risk. The association with a drug therapy increases the antithrombotic efficiency. However, the effect of mechanical prophylaxis on @entity4 and mortality has not been demonstrated. Assessing renal function is a prerequisite before prescribing low-molecular-weight heparin, fondaparinux, @entity8 or @entity7 . Age over 75 years and low weight (less than 50 kg) should also be taken into account. @entity0 undergoing surgery associated with a moderate or high overall risk should receive prophylaxis until full mobilization. In case of total hip replacement, surgery for @entity6 or major abdominal surgery, the prophylaxis should be extended by approximately 5 weeks. The clinical significance of distal deep vein @entity2 is greatly debated. Surrogate venographic endpoints should be gradually replaced by clinical criteria. The latest oral antithrombotic agents may modify prevention strategies in the next few years. So far, no antagonists or biological monitoring are available for these products.

title: [Perioperative XXXX prophylaxis].

answer: @entity5


abstract: This study was designed to examine the @entity2 , @entity1 , and @entity3 transport rates across the cortical and outer medullary collecting tubule and to localize the action of mineralocorticoid hormone. @entity0 collecting tubules were dissected from the cortex (CCT), the outer stripe of the outer medulla (OMCT0), or the inner stripe of the outer medulla (OMCTi). From normal @entity0 , the transepithelial voltage was -20.8 +/- 2.7 mV in CCT, -4.2 +/- 1.4 mV in OMCT0, and +10.6 +/- 2.3 mV in OMCTi. From @entity4 -treated @entity0 , only the CCT voltage was different (-42.9 mV). Net @entity2 absorption across the CCT increased ith @entity4 -treatment from 23 +/- 5 to 54 +/- 8 pEq . mm-1 . min-1, whereas net @entity1 secretion increased from 15 +/- 2 to 43 +/- 5 pEq . min-1 . min-1. Net @entity3 absorption was significant only in @entity4 -treated @entity0 . The OMCTi, in contrast, displayed no net transport of @entity2 , @entity1 , or @entity3 and had a lower rate coefficient for @entity2 efflux than did the CCT. @entity4 treatment had no effect on any transport rate measured in this segment. The OMCT0 has small @entity1 secretion, which did not increase with @entity4 treatment. The collecting tubule is heterogeneous along its length with respect to ion transport. Mineralocorticoid-hormone-sensitive @entity2 absorption is present predominantly, if not exclusively, in the cortical collecting tubule.

title: Heterogeneity of the XXXX collecting tubule: localization of mineralocorticoid hormone action to the cortical portion.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We evaluated the late results following repair of otherwise anatomically uncomplicated incomplete persistent @entity3 in 39 consecutive operative survivors who underwent operation at our institution prior to 1976. Average follow-up was 12 years. Postoperative cardiac catheterization was performed in 35 @entity0 (90%) at an average of 11 months after operation. Seven (20%) had residual @entity2 with elevated mean pulmonary arterial wedge of left atrial pressures with abnormal v waves. Regurgitation was mild to moderate (pulmonary artery wedge or left atrial pressure 12 to 15 mm Hg) in five and severe (pulmonary artery wedge pressure over 20 mm Hg) in two @entity0 . Clinically significant @entity5 including complete @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity8 , and chronic @entity7 occurred in seven @entity0 (18%). Two @entity0 have required reoperation for @entity2 . Five have clinically recognizable mild-to-moderate @entity2 controlled with medical management; 25 @entity0 are asymptomatic at current evaluation. Estimated actuarial survival rate at 13 years is 88% +/- 6%, with an actuarial survival free of reoperation of 82% +/- 6%. However, actuarial survival free of any late complication including late @entity1 , reoperation, serious @entity5 , or @entity2 is only 52% +/- 10% at 13 years.

title: Long-term results of repair of incomplete persistent XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the long-term anatomical and visual outcomes of @entity0 with @entity3 (ERM) removed by vitrectomy and membrane peeling with or without the use of intravitreal injection of @entity2 (IVTA). METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed. Subjects who underwent vitrectomy and who were followed over 12 months were included. The study included two groups of @entity0 . In group 1 (71 eyes), the @entity0 underwent vitrectomy and membrane peeling without the use of IVTA. In group 2 (27 eyes), 2 mg of IVTA was given at the end of the surgery. The main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central foveal thickness (CFT) determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT), the number of @entity1 surgeries, and the use of anti-glaucomatous drugs during the follow-up period. RESULTS: This study included 98 eyes with ERM from 98 @entity0 . There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to age, gender, pre- and postoperative lens status, BCVA, CFT, or length of the follow-up period. The mean age for all of the @entity0 was 62.45    10.01 (mean    SD) years, and the mean follow-up length was 20.58    9.64 (mean    SD) months. In all cases, the mean best-corrected logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) acuity improved from a preoperative value of 0.91    0.32 [Snellen equivalent (SE), 0.16    0.14] to a postoperative value of 0.46    0.36 (SE, 0.46    0.29) (P < 0.0001). The CFT was reduced from a preoperative value of 473.46    96.91  m to a postoperative value of 302.44    69.80  m (P < 0.0001). Six @entity0 (22.2%) in group 2 required anti-glaucomatous drugs to control intraocular pressure (IOP) during the follow-up period, and three @entity0 (4.2%) in group 1 required drugs to control IOP (P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: The postoperative visual outcomes for @entity0 with idiopathic ERM were favorable, but CFT did not return to a normal level, even in eyes in which 2 mg IVTA was used. The IVTA use after ERM removal produced no significant benefits during long-term follow-up, but IVTA did increase the risk of increased IOP.

title: The long-term anatomical and visual effect of intravitreal triamcinolone injection during vitrectomy for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of oral extended-release @entity3 for urge @entity2 in older female nursing home residents with mild to severe @entity1 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Twelve skilled nursing homes. @entity0 : Fifty @entity0 aged 65 and older with urge @entity2 and @entity1 . INTERVENTION: Four-week treatment with daily oral extended-release @entity3 5 mg or placebo. MEASUREMENTS: @entity2 , urinary frequency, and total dryness assessed hourly over two 8-hour days (8 AM TO 4 PM), and evening and night nursing staff ratings of urinary symptoms. RESULTS: Of the @entity0 , 96% (n = 25) on @entity3 and 92% (n = 22) on placebo completed the trial. Compared with baseline, both groups achieved a  significant median decrease in mean @entity2 and urinary frequency at 4 weeks (P  = .01-.05). There were no significant between-group differences in any urological outcome. In the exploratory analysis, there were no significant differences from baseline or placebo in any urological outcome with @entity3 in @entity0 with mild to moderate @entity1 and/or adequate mobility compared with @entity0 with more severe @entity1 . Staff ratings found that more @entity0 had improvement in urinary symptoms from baseline with @entity3 than placebo but significant only for delaying evening voiding (P = .02). CONCLUSION: Extended-release @entity3 5 mg per day for 4 weeks in older cognitively impaired female nursing home residents did not significantly reduce @entity2 and urinary frequency or achieve dryness. @entity0 with mild to moderate @entity1 were no more likely to benefit from @entity3 than more severely impaired individuals in an exploratory analysis but further research in a larger population and perhaps using a larger dose is needed.

title: Efficacy of oral extended-release @entity3 in cognitively impaired older nursing home residents with urge XXXX : a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of oral extended-release @entity3 for urge @entity2 in older female nursing home residents with mild to severe @entity1 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Twelve skilled nursing homes. @entity0 : Fifty @entity0 aged 65 and older with urge @entity2 and @entity1 . INTERVENTION: Four-week treatment with daily oral extended-release @entity3 5 mg or placebo. MEASUREMENTS: @entity2 , urinary frequency, and total dryness assessed hourly over two 8-hour days (8 AM TO 4 PM), and evening and night nursing staff ratings of urinary symptoms. RESULTS: Of the @entity0 , 96% (n = 25) on @entity3 and 92% (n = 22) on placebo completed the trial. Compared with baseline, both groups achieved a  significant median decrease in mean @entity2 and urinary frequency at 4 weeks (P  = .01-.05). There were no significant between-group differences in any urological outcome. In the exploratory analysis, there were no significant differences from baseline or placebo in any urological outcome with @entity3 in @entity0 with mild to moderate @entity1 and/or adequate mobility compared with @entity0 with more severe @entity1 . Staff ratings found that more @entity0 had improvement in urinary symptoms from baseline with @entity3 than placebo but significant only for delaying evening voiding (P = .02). CONCLUSION: Extended-release @entity3 5 mg per day for 4 weeks in older cognitively impaired female nursing home residents did not significantly reduce @entity2 and urinary frequency or achieve dryness. @entity0 with mild to moderate @entity1 were no more likely to benefit from @entity3 than more severely impaired individuals in an exploratory analysis but further research in a larger population and perhaps using a larger dose is needed.

title: Efficacy of oral extended-release XXXX in cognitively impaired older nursing home residents with urge @entity2 : a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The large randomized controlled multicentre clinical trial, HF-ACTION, recently demonstrated that a programme of recommendation of regular exercise training at moderate intensity is safe, improves quality of life, and reduces the combined endpoint of all-cause @entity2 and hospitalization in @entity0 with @entity3 . However, the size of beneficial effects was modest compared to results published in smaller single studies and meta-analyses. OBJECTIVE: Based on results of a pilot study, the objective of the present investigation is to test the hypothesis that a programme comprising interval training at high relative intensity would yield significantly larger effects in terms of left ventricular remodelling compared to moderate continuous exercise training. STUDY DESIGN: In a three-armed randomized multicentre study of stable @entity3 @entity0 with left ventricular ejection fraction  <=35%, the effects of a 12-week programme of @entity4 ( @entity4 ; 85-90% of peak @entity1 uptake, VO(2peak)) will be compared to actual practice in Europe, represented by either an isocaloric programme of moderate continuous training (MCT; 50-60% of VO(2peak)) and a recommendation of regular exercise (RE) of the individual @entity0 ' own preference based on clinical practice at the local centre. The primary endpoint is reverse remodelling, defined as change in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter assessed by echocardiography. Secondary endpoints include peak @entity1 uptake (VO(2peak)), biomarkers, quality of life, and level of physical activity assessed by questionnaires. In addition, long-term maintenance of effects after the supervised training period will be determined. Assessments will be made at baseline, after the 12-week intervention programme, and at 1-year follow up. A total number of 200 @entity0 on treatment per protocol, randomized to the three groups in a 1   :   1   :   1 manner, is estimated to detect clinically relevant differences in effect with @entity4 vs. MCT and RE (p   <   0.05; statistical power 0.90) for the primary endpoint. Inclusion of @entity0 started May 2009 and will run until total number has been reached.

title: Controlled study of myocardial recovery after interval training in XXXX : SMARTEX-HF--rationale and design.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Two personal cases of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) are described. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was performed in the first case as an emergency measure, following acute @entity2 caused by a recurrence of @entity4 , with perforation 27 days after the first gastric resection. The @entity0 is in good health, though with persistently high blood @entity6 levels. The second case was marked by a long history of recurrent @entity4 , with two earlier gastric resections. Here, success was obtained by simply enucleating a small @entity5 from the head of the pancreas in view of the arteriographic evidence. The @entity0 is in excellent health 2 1/2 yr after surgery with stable, normal blood @entity6 . The recent literature and these cases suggest that surgery is the method of choice for @entity7 , its primary aim being the @entity5 , since these prove malignant in 60-100% of cases, and @entity3 does not in any way inhibit their growth, as was once supposed. Blood @entity6 values permit early diagnosis and postoperative monitoring, while arteriography and transhepatic portal catheterisation constitute a useful guide to the location of the @entity1 . Hyperchlorhydria can be effectively controlled with H2 receptor inhibitors, both in the preoperative diagnostic stage, and after surgery in the event of failure. @entity3 offers the best results in over 60% of cases, when the @entity1 is multifocal, widely metastasised, or undiscoverable.

title: [Surgery of XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is associated with an increased risk of early @entity1 . The majority of @entity6 subjects are asymptomatic with a prevalence of 11 per cent among the elderly. Long-term drug prevention aiming to minimize disease progression and CV events in these subjects is probably beneficial, but expensive. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of pharmacological risk reduction in subclinical @entity6 . Long-term costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were estimated by employing a decision-analytic model for @entity3 -inhibitor, @entity5 , @entity2 and non- @entity2 anti-platelet therapy. Rates of CV events without treatment were derived from epidemiological studies and event rate reduction were retrieved from clinical trials. Costs and health-related quality of life estimates were obtained from published sources. All four drugs reduced CV events. Using @entity3 -inhibition resulted in a heart rate (HR) of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.55-0.79), statins 0.74 (0.70-0.79), and @entity4 0.72 (0.43-1.00). @entity2 had a HR of 0.87 and the 95% CI passed included one (0.72-1.03). @entity3 -inhibition was associated with the largest reduction in events leading to the highest gain in QALYs (7.95). Furthermore, @entity3 -inhibitors were associated with the lowest mean cost    40.556. In conclusion, while all drugs reduced CV events, @entity3 -inhibition was the most cost-effective. These results suggest that we should consider efforts to identify @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity6 and, when identified, offer @entity3 -inhibition.

title: Asymptomatic XXXX : is pharmacological prevention of cardiovascular risk cost-effective?

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity2 may be the earliest and the sole clinical manifestation of @entity6 . Different studies present @entity2 as the first symptom of a @entity6 in adults in approximately 30-40% of cases and in @entity0 from 1-10%. In order to evaluate the incidence of @entity2 in @entity0 versus adults with @entity6 , we investigated the group of 113 @entity0 and 578 adults who were hospitalized at the Departments of Neurology and Developmental Neurology between 1990-1999. Clinical presentation, imaging findings, EEG and pathology reports were collected by chart review and entered into computerized database. Of 113 @entity0 , @entity2 as a first symptom occurred in 14 @entity0 and in 211 adults. Histopathological origin and localization of @entity1 changed according to the age of @entity0 . In all @entity0 's @entity3 were caused by @entity1 originated from neuroepithelial tissue and mainly @entity5 . In adult @entity0 @entity3 were observed also mainly in @entity1 (5 cases infratentorial) which were of metasthatic origin (60%) others were @entity4 multiforme and @entity7 . The types of @entity3 in both groups differ significantly. @entity0 had mainly secondary generalized @entity3 , while adults simple and complex partial @entity3 . Electroencephalographical findings showed paroxysmal activity always associated with @entity6 with @entity3 ; however, we found also abnormal EEG patterns in @entity0 with @entity1 without @entity3 . Partial and secondary generalized @entity3 , especially when they are intractable, should be subjected to further investigation for exclusion of @entity6 not only in adults but also in @entity0 . Normal EEG argues against the likehood of supratentorial lesions.

title: [ XXXX as a manifestation of @entity6 : clinical and electroencephalographic correlations].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 may be the earliest and the sole clinical manifestation of @entity6 . Different studies present @entity2 as the first symptom of a @entity6 in adults in approximately 30-40% of cases and in @entity0 from 1-10%. In order to evaluate the incidence of @entity2 in @entity0 versus adults with @entity6 , we investigated the group of 113 @entity0 and 578 adults who were hospitalized at the Departments of Neurology and Developmental Neurology between 1990-1999. Clinical presentation, imaging findings, EEG and pathology reports were collected by chart review and entered into computerized database. Of 113 @entity0 , @entity2 as a first symptom occurred in 14 @entity0 and in 211 adults. Histopathological origin and localization of @entity1 changed according to the age of @entity0 . In all @entity0 's @entity3 were caused by @entity1 originated from neuroepithelial tissue and mainly @entity5 . In adult @entity0 @entity3 were observed also mainly in @entity1 (5 cases infratentorial) which were of metasthatic origin (60%) others were @entity4 multiforme and @entity7 . The types of @entity3 in both groups differ significantly. @entity0 had mainly secondary generalized @entity3 , while adults simple and complex partial @entity3 . Electroencephalographical findings showed paroxysmal activity always associated with @entity6 with @entity3 ; however, we found also abnormal EEG patterns in @entity0 with @entity1 without @entity3 . Partial and secondary generalized @entity3 , especially when they are intractable, should be subjected to further investigation for exclusion of @entity6 not only in adults but also in @entity0 . Normal EEG argues against the likehood of supratentorial lesions.

title: [ @entity2 as a manifestation of XXXX : clinical and electroencephalographic correlations].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Evaluation of: Aguilar D, Chan W, Bozkurt B, Ramasubbu K, Deswal A. @entity5 use and mortality in ambulatory @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 . Circ. Heart Fail. 4(1), 53-58 (2010). @entity5 has long been the cornerstone of therapy for glycemic control in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 worldwide. It is recommended as first-line therapy by all major @entity1 clinical practice guidelines owing to its efficacy, favorable tolerability profile and beneficial effects in limiting @entity4 . Moreover, @entity5 is the only oral anthyperglycemic agent shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce mortality in newly diagnosed @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 . However, the use of @entity5 has not been without controversy, in particular in @entity0 with @entity3 . This article will review a recent observational study by Aguilar et al. published in Circulation - Heart Failure that reported improved outcomes associated with @entity5 therapy in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 .

title: Wrongfully accused: @entity5 use in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Evaluation of: Aguilar D, Chan W, Bozkurt B, Ramasubbu K, Deswal A. @entity5 use and mortality in ambulatory @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 . Circ. Heart Fail. 4(1), 53-58 (2010). @entity5 has long been the cornerstone of therapy for glycemic control in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 worldwide. It is recommended as first-line therapy by all major @entity1 clinical practice guidelines owing to its efficacy, favorable tolerability profile and beneficial effects in limiting @entity4 . Moreover, @entity5 is the only oral anthyperglycemic agent shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce mortality in newly diagnosed @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 . However, the use of @entity5 has not been without controversy, in particular in @entity0 with @entity3 . This article will review a recent observational study by Aguilar et al. published in Circulation - Heart Failure that reported improved outcomes associated with @entity5 therapy in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 .

title: Wrongfully accused: XXXX use in @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity2 is a major contributory factor of @entity0 and mortality. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) could make it possible to evaluate @entity3 in a site by the measurement of the arterial wall velocity. The objective of this work is to validate the use of tissue Doppler imaging in the assessment of @entity3 . The following parameters were measured with @entity5 (ATL HDI 5000 and software HDI Lab): maximum velocity and mean acceleration of parietal motion (VMax and AccMax). These measurements were corrected for the arterial diameter and pulse pressure (VMax cor and AccMax cor). These data have been compared to the calculated parameters of elasticity from a mode M echography. Thirty-one subjects aged of 26 to 77 years (41.6 +/- 10.6 years, m +/- ESM), without @entity1 , have been included. The VMax is correlated very significantly at the parietal velocity calculated with mode M echography (r = 0.77; p = 0.00002). The VMax cor is correlated significantly with the parameters of @entity4 following: distensibility coefficient, compliance coefficient, pulse wave velocity, elasticity modulus of Young, coefficient beta. [table: see text] Tissue Doppler imaging allows an easy evaluation of the carotid @entity4 correlated with the parameters of elasticity. Therefore it constitutes a method of evaluation of the cardiovascular risk. Further longitudinal studies will be able to assess the involvement of the carotid @entity4 as causal agent of the cardiovascular risk.

title: [A new approach to XXXX : ultrasonic tissue mode imaging].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and awareness of @entity4 in Guinean rural populations with respect to age and gender. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey in rural Guinea: K  p  r  -D  fili (400 inhabitants) and T  b  l  n (900 inhabitants). @entity0 : 188 subjects (81 in K  p  r  -D  fili and 107 in T  b  l  n), 15 years and older were visited in their homes between November 2000 and April 2001. METHODS: The blood pressures were measured with an electronic tensiometer "Philips HF305". Awareness of @entity4 and risk factors were determined by interviews. @entity4 was defined as mean @entity2 / @entity3 = 140/90 mmHg. RESULTS: Overall, 69% (56/81) in K  p  r  -D  fili and 27% (29/107) in T  b  l  n were @entity1 . Among these, only 2 (K  p  r  ) and 6 @entity0 (T  b  l  n) were aware of their condition. @entity4 was strongly gender dependent in K  p  r   where 98% (44/45) of the males were concerned. In K  p  r  -D  fili, the combined systolo-diastolic @entity1 (SDH) was predominant (80%; 45/56) and was associated to the male gender (80%; 36/45). In the @entity1 population of T  b  l  n, the isolated PAD (DH) was mainly associated with the female group (47%, 8/17). The grade III @entity4 (PAS/PAD > or = 180/110 mmHg) concerned both gender (41%, 18/44 for males; 42%, 5/12 for females) in K  p  r  -D  fili and mainly the female group in T  b  l  n (29%, 5/17). Smoking was the most frequently associated risk factor in the studied population of K  p  r  -D  fili (70%) and T  b  l  n (45%). The smokers were predominantly female in K  p  r  -D  fili (89%, 32/36) or male in T  b  l  n (51%, 24/47). Among the smokers, the @entity1 individuals were 96% (24/25) of the males and 38% (12/32) of the females in K  p  r  , 29% (7/24) of the males and 38% (9/24) of the females in T  b  l  n. CONCLUSION: @entity1 is highly prevalent in two Guinean rural localities where less than 5% of the studied population were aware of their conditions, suggesting the nationwide demand for preventing and controlling @entity4 in Guinea.

title: [Prevalence of XXXX in Guinean rural areas].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated pre-hospital documentation quality. We retrospectively assessed emergency medical service (EMS) documentation of key logistic, physiologic, and mechanistic variables in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Records from police, Emergency Medical Communication Centers (EMCC), ground and air ambulances were retrospectively collected for 189 @entity1 involving 392 @entity0 . Documentation of Glasgow @entity3 Scale (GCS), respiratory rate (RR), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) was classified as exact values, @entity4 categories, clinical descriptions enabling post-hoc inference of @entity4 categories, or missing. The distribution of values of exact versus inferred @entity4 categories were compared (Chi-square test for trend). RESULTS: 25% of ground and 11% of air ambulance records were unretrieveable. @entity0 name, birth date, and transport destination was documented in >96% of ambulance records and 81% of EMCC reports. Only 54% of @entity0 encounter times were transmitted to the EMCC, but 77% were documented in ground and 96% in air ambulance records. Ground ambulance records documented exact values of GCS in 48% and SBP in 53% of cases, exact RR in 10%, and RR @entity4 categories in 54%. Clinical descriptions made post-hoc inference of @entity4 categories possible in another 49% of cases for GCS, 26% for RR, and 20% for SBP. Air ambulance records documented exact values of GCS in 89% and SBP in 84% of cases, exact RR in 7% and RR @entity4 categories in 80%. Overall, for lower @entity4 categories of GCS, RR and SBP the proportion of actual documented values to inferred values increased (All: p<0.001). Also, documentation of repeated assessment was more frequent for low @entity4 categories of GCS, RR, and SBP (All: p<0.001). Mechanism of injury was documented in 80% of cases by ground and 92% of cases by air ambulance. CONCLUSION: EMS documentation of logistic and mechanistic variables was adequate. @entity0 physiology was frequently documented only as descriptive text. Our finding indicates a need for improved procedures, training, and tools for EMS documentation. Documentation is in itself a quality criterion for appropriate care and is crucial to @entity2 research.

title: A retrospective quality assessment of pre-hospital emergency medical documentation in XXXX in south-eastern Norway.

answer: @entity1


abstract: As an extension of our studies on vascular responses to @entity5 , we evaluated sequential ultrastructural lesions of splenic red pulp and correlated these lesions with coagulation changes observed in @entity3 following infusion with endotoxin either as a single bolus (10 mg. per kg.) or at a continuous rate of 10 mg. per kg. per hour for periods up to 16 hours. Controls included monkeys infused with Ringer's @entity1 solution. Progressive reactions of the splenic cords included increased phagocytic activity of macrophages in association with aggregation and degranulation of platelets and prominent fibrinous deposits characteristically abutting basement membranes of endothelial and reticular cells. The sinuses demonstrated endothelial damage, platelet-fibrin microthrombi obstructing interendothelial slits, and severe engorgement with entrapment of erythrocytes by tactoids of fibrin. The @entity6 of the red pulp developed earlier than similar lesions in hepatic sinusoids, and they were accompanied by progressive @entity2 and @entity4 . The findings suggest that the unique microcirculation of the spleen is an early target and trigger of endotoxin-induced microthrombosis. It is proposed that phagocytosis of endotoxin by splenic phagocytic cells and associated inflammatory events result in disruption of reticular cells and endothelium leading to massive microthrombosis with breakdown of the splenic filter. In addition, rapid activation of coagulation mechanisms in the red pulp as well as liver sinusoids may promote the development of @entity2 and @entity4 in @entity0 .

title: Role of splenic red pulp in endotoxin-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Consonant articulation patterns of 200 @entity3 @entity0 were defined by two expert listeners from high fidelity tape recordings of the sentence version of the Fisher-Logemann Test of Articulation Competence (1971). Phonetic transcription and phonetic feature analysis were the methodologies used. Of the 200 @entity0 , 90 (45%) exhibited some misarticulations. Phonetic data on these 90 dysarthric @entity3 @entity0 revealed @entity4 highly consistent in detailed production characteristics. Manner changes predominated. Phoneme classes that were most affected were the stop-plosives, affricates, and fricatives. In terms of perception features (Chomsky _ Halle, 1968), the stop-plosives and affricates, which are normally [-continuant] were produced as [+continuant] fricatives; fricatives that are [+strident] were produced as [-strident]. There is no implication, however, that @entity3 involves a perception deficit. Analysis of the @entity1 reveals inadequate tongue elevation to achieve complete closure on stop-plosives and affricates, which can be expressed in production features as a change from [+stop] to [+fricative]. There was also inadequate close constriction of the airway in lingual fricatives, which in articulatory features can be expressed as a change from [+fricative] to [-fricative]. Both the incomplete contact for stops and the partial constriction for fricatives represent an inadequate narrowing of the vocal tract at the point of articulation. These results are discussed in relation to recent EMG studies and other physiologic examinations of @entity2 .

title: Vocal tract control in XXXX : phonetic feature analysis of misarticulations.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Current pharmacological treatment of @entity1 involves the use of sedative-hypnotic @entity7 and non- @entity7 drugs. Although @entity7 improve sleep, their multiple adverse effects hamper their application. Adverse effects include @entity8 and cognitive functions, next-day hangover and @entity5 . Non- @entity7 are effective for initiating sleep but are not as effective as @entity7 for improving @entity2 or efficiency. Furthermore, their prolonged use produces adverse effects similar to those observed with @entity7 . Inasmuch as @entity1 may be associated with decreased nocturnal @entity9 , administration of @entity9 is a strategy that has been increasingly used for treating @entity1 . @entity9 can be effective for improving @entity2 without the adverse effects associated with hypnotic-sedatives. Ramelteon, a synthetic analog of @entity9 which has a longer half life and a stronger affinity for @entity10 , has been reportedly effective for initiating and improving sleep in both adult and elderly insomniacs without showing hangover, @entity5 , or @entity3 . @entity1 is also a major complaint among @entity0 suffering from @entity4 and is often aggravated by conventional antidepressants especially the specific @entity6 reuptake inhibitors. The novel antidepressant @entity13 , a dual action agent with affinity for @entity9 @entity10 and @entity12 receptors and 5-HT2c antagonistic properties, constitutes a new approach to the treatment of major @entity4 . @entity13 ameliorates the symptoms of @entity4 and improves the quality and efficiency of sleep. Taken together, the evidence indicates that @entity10 / @entity12 receptor agonists like @entity11 or @entity13 may be valuable pharmacological tools for @entity1 and for @entity4 .

title: @entity9 agonists in primary @entity1 and XXXX : are they superior to sedative-hypnotics?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Current pharmacological treatment of @entity1 involves the use of sedative-hypnotic @entity7 and non- @entity7 drugs. Although @entity7 improve sleep, their multiple adverse effects hamper their application. Adverse effects include @entity8 and cognitive functions, next-day hangover and @entity5 . Non- @entity7 are effective for initiating sleep but are not as effective as @entity7 for improving @entity2 or efficiency. Furthermore, their prolonged use produces adverse effects similar to those observed with @entity7 . Inasmuch as @entity1 may be associated with decreased nocturnal @entity9 , administration of @entity9 is a strategy that has been increasingly used for treating @entity1 . @entity9 can be effective for improving @entity2 without the adverse effects associated with hypnotic-sedatives. Ramelteon, a synthetic analog of @entity9 which has a longer half life and a stronger affinity for @entity10 , has been reportedly effective for initiating and improving sleep in both adult and elderly insomniacs without showing hangover, @entity5 , or @entity3 . @entity1 is also a major complaint among @entity0 suffering from @entity4 and is often aggravated by conventional antidepressants especially the specific @entity6 reuptake inhibitors. The novel antidepressant @entity13 , a dual action agent with affinity for @entity9 @entity10 and @entity12 receptors and 5-HT2c antagonistic properties, constitutes a new approach to the treatment of major @entity4 . @entity13 ameliorates the symptoms of @entity4 and improves the quality and efficiency of sleep. Taken together, the evidence indicates that @entity10 / @entity12 receptor agonists like @entity11 or @entity13 may be valuable pharmacological tools for @entity1 and for @entity4 .

title: XXXX agonists in primary @entity1 and @entity4 : are they superior to sedative-hypnotics?

answer: @entity9


abstract: Current pharmacological treatment of @entity1 involves the use of sedative-hypnotic @entity7 and non- @entity7 drugs. Although @entity7 improve sleep, their multiple adverse effects hamper their application. Adverse effects include @entity8 and cognitive functions, next-day hangover and @entity5 . Non- @entity7 are effective for initiating sleep but are not as effective as @entity7 for improving @entity2 or efficiency. Furthermore, their prolonged use produces adverse effects similar to those observed with @entity7 . Inasmuch as @entity1 may be associated with decreased nocturnal @entity9 , administration of @entity9 is a strategy that has been increasingly used for treating @entity1 . @entity9 can be effective for improving @entity2 without the adverse effects associated with hypnotic-sedatives. Ramelteon, a synthetic analog of @entity9 which has a longer half life and a stronger affinity for @entity10 , has been reportedly effective for initiating and improving sleep in both adult and elderly insomniacs without showing hangover, @entity5 , or @entity3 . @entity1 is also a major complaint among @entity0 suffering from @entity4 and is often aggravated by conventional antidepressants especially the specific @entity6 reuptake inhibitors. The novel antidepressant @entity13 , a dual action agent with affinity for @entity9 @entity10 and @entity12 receptors and 5-HT2c antagonistic properties, constitutes a new approach to the treatment of major @entity4 . @entity13 ameliorates the symptoms of @entity4 and improves the quality and efficiency of sleep. Taken together, the evidence indicates that @entity10 / @entity12 receptor agonists like @entity11 or @entity13 may be valuable pharmacological tools for @entity1 and for @entity4 .

title: @entity9 agonists in primary XXXX and @entity4 : are they superior to sedative-hypnotics?

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have identified and sequenced two members of a @entity2 middle repetitive DNA sequence family. By reassociation kinetics, members of this family (termed @entity3 ) are estimated to be present in 1500-7000 copies per @entity2 haploid genome. The first family member sequenced (CRlUla) is located approximately 2 kb upstream from the previously cloned @entity2 Ul RNA gene. The second @entity3 sequence ( @entity3 )Va) is located approximately 12 kb downstream from the 3' end of the @entity2 ovalbumin gene. The region of homology between these two sequences extends over a region of approximately 160 base pairs. In each case, the 160 base pair region is flanked by imperfect, but homologous, short direct repeats 10-15 base pairs in length. When the @entity3 sequences are compared with @entity0 ubiquitous interspersed repetitive DNA sequences ( @entity0 Alu and @entity1 Bl families), several regions of extensive homology are evident. In addition, the short nucleotide sequence CAGCCTGG which is completely conserved in ubiquitous repetitive sequence families from several @entity0 species is also conserved at a homologous position in the @entity2 sequences. These data imply that at least certain aspects of the sequence and structure of these interspersed repeats must predate the avian- @entity0 divergence. It seems that the @entity3 family may possibly represent an avian counterpart of the @entity0 ubiquitous repeats.

title: A XXXX middle-repetitive DNA sequence which shares homology with @entity0 ubiquitous repeats.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have identified and sequenced two members of a @entity2 middle repetitive DNA sequence family. By reassociation kinetics, members of this family (termed @entity3 ) are estimated to be present in 1500-7000 copies per @entity2 haploid genome. The first family member sequenced (CRlUla) is located approximately 2 kb upstream from the previously cloned @entity2 Ul RNA gene. The second @entity3 sequence ( @entity3 )Va) is located approximately 12 kb downstream from the 3' end of the @entity2 ovalbumin gene. The region of homology between these two sequences extends over a region of approximately 160 base pairs. In each case, the 160 base pair region is flanked by imperfect, but homologous, short direct repeats 10-15 base pairs in length. When the @entity3 sequences are compared with @entity0 ubiquitous interspersed repetitive DNA sequences ( @entity0 Alu and @entity1 Bl families), several regions of extensive homology are evident. In addition, the short nucleotide sequence CAGCCTGG which is completely conserved in ubiquitous repetitive sequence families from several @entity0 species is also conserved at a homologous position in the @entity2 sequences. These data imply that at least certain aspects of the sequence and structure of these interspersed repeats must predate the avian- @entity0 divergence. It seems that the @entity3 family may possibly represent an avian counterpart of the @entity0 ubiquitous repeats.

title: A @entity2 middle-repetitive DNA sequence which shares homology with XXXX ubiquitous repeats.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A sanitary-chemical study on three kinds textile materials with different percentage content of @entity0 silk (PAS) was carried out. Migration of chemicals was studied - low molecular compounds of @entity1 (LMC) and @entity2 in water extracts of the patterns tested. Thin layer chromatographic and spectrophotocalorimetric methods were employed. The summed up content of LMC of @entity1 was established in the first extracts of 5.0 to 7.0 mg/l for the various kinds of cloth, their proper separation in monomers, dimers, trimers, etc. oligomers being attained by the thin layer chromatographic investigation. Monomer content in the first extracts reaches to 1.15 mg/l, decreasing in the following ones to complete disappearing. At the same time dimers, trimers, etc. oligomers content of @entity1 progressively increases. The presence of @entity2 and optical bleachers is established in the extracts investigated. The attention of the producers is drawn to a stronger control, still under production conditions, for washing out the residual quantities of non-polymerized oligomers and other chemicals of synthetic @entity0 materials, aiming at ensuring harmless and biologically inert clothes.

title: [Migration of chemical substances out of XXXX textile materials].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We describe a hybrid approach to the treatment of @entity3 after stage 1 palliation (S1P) of @entity2 . BACKGROUND: Recurrent @entity3 is a common problem after S1P of @entity2 . Even mild @entity3 is poorly tolerated so early and definitive therapy is desirable. Although stent implantation is an effective treatment for @entity3 in older @entity0 and adults, technical issues due to small vessels and concerns regarding future potential for expansion have generally precluded the use of stents in this setting. METHODS: Six @entity0 underwent hybrid aortic reconstruction (HAR) in the operating room or catheterization laboratory, with the interventional cardiologist and cardiac surgeon working in cooperation. RESULTS: @entity0 had a mean weight of 5.8 kg (2.9-7.7) and a mean age of 5.6 months (0.5-12.9) at the time of HAR. Five @entity0 had undergone prior balloon angioplasty at a mean age of 2.8 months (2.1-3.5), and five had moderately depressed single ventricular function prior to HAR. The balloons used had a diameter of 7-10 mm and introducer sheath size ranged from 6 to 10 F. There were no immediate or late procedure related complications. Stent redilation was performed in 5 @entity0 for relief of recurrent obstruction or to keep pace with somatic growth. At a median follow up of 4.8 years (0.2-7.9), there were 3 @entity0 progressing well after Fontan palliation and 3 deaths. CONCLUSIONS: HAR allows for placement of stents that can ultimately reach adult size in small @entity0 who have recurrent @entity1 following @entity4 . Advantages include freedom from delivery sheath constraints when determining stent type/size, facilitation of precise stent position, and avoidance of vascular damage or hemodynamic compromise during the procedure. Longer follow-up and larger experience are required to determine if this therapy will provide a long-term solution to this difficult problem.

title: Hybrid aortic reconstruction for treatment of recurrent XXXX after stage 1 single ventricle palliation: medium term outcomes and results of redilation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) of the prostate is an @entity4 found at progression in 10-20% of castrate-resistant disease. Its finding predicts a distinct clinical course and a poor prognosis. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a much rarer variant that behaves similarly to @entity9 . The biological mechanisms that drive these disease variants are poorly understood. METHODS: Eight @entity1 fragments from the salvage pelvic exenteration specimen of a @entity0 with castrate-resistant @entity4 were subcutaneously implanted into 6- to 8-week-old male CB17 @entity6 @entity2 . Serial tissue sections and tissue microarrays of the resulting @entity7 PCa 144 xenograft lines were used for histopathologic and immunohistochemical characterization of the xenografts and their tissue of origin. RNA from two representative xenograft sublines was used for gene-expression profiling. RESULTS: All eight fragments formed @entity1 : four of the @entity7 PCa 144 xenograft sublines had morphologic characteristics of @entity9 and four, of @entity3 . All retained high fidelity to their parent @entity1 tissue, which remained stable through serial passages. Morphological transitions in the specimen of origin suggested @entity3 represents an intermediate step between @entity5 and @entity9 . Over 2,500 genes were differentially expressed between the @entity9 ( @entity7 PCa 144-13) and the @entity3 ( @entity7 PCa 144-4) sublines and enriched in "Nervous System Development" Gene Ontology subtree. CONCLUSION: The eight xenograft models described represent the spectrum of @entity8 in @entity4 and will be valuable preclinical tools to study the pathogenesis of and therapy targets for this increasingly recognized subset of @entity4 .

title: XXXX xenografts with large-cell and small-cell features derived from a single @entity0 's @entity1 : morphological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression profiles.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) of the prostate is an @entity4 found at progression in 10-20% of castrate-resistant disease. Its finding predicts a distinct clinical course and a poor prognosis. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a much rarer variant that behaves similarly to @entity9 . The biological mechanisms that drive these disease variants are poorly understood. METHODS: Eight @entity1 fragments from the salvage pelvic exenteration specimen of a @entity0 with castrate-resistant @entity4 were subcutaneously implanted into 6- to 8-week-old male CB17 @entity6 @entity2 . Serial tissue sections and tissue microarrays of the resulting @entity7 PCa 144 xenograft lines were used for histopathologic and immunohistochemical characterization of the xenografts and their tissue of origin. RNA from two representative xenograft sublines was used for gene-expression profiling. RESULTS: All eight fragments formed @entity1 : four of the @entity7 PCa 144 xenograft sublines had morphologic characteristics of @entity9 and four, of @entity3 . All retained high fidelity to their parent @entity1 tissue, which remained stable through serial passages. Morphological transitions in the specimen of origin suggested @entity3 represents an intermediate step between @entity5 and @entity9 . Over 2,500 genes were differentially expressed between the @entity9 ( @entity7 PCa 144-13) and the @entity3 ( @entity7 PCa 144-4) sublines and enriched in "Nervous System Development" Gene Ontology subtree. CONCLUSION: The eight xenograft models described represent the spectrum of @entity8 in @entity4 and will be valuable preclinical tools to study the pathogenesis of and therapy targets for this increasingly recognized subset of @entity4 .

title: @entity4 xenografts with large-cell and small-cell features derived from a single @entity0 's XXXX : morphological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression profiles.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) of the prostate is an @entity4 found at progression in 10-20% of castrate-resistant disease. Its finding predicts a distinct clinical course and a poor prognosis. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a much rarer variant that behaves similarly to @entity9 . The biological mechanisms that drive these disease variants are poorly understood. METHODS: Eight @entity1 fragments from the salvage pelvic exenteration specimen of a @entity0 with castrate-resistant @entity4 were subcutaneously implanted into 6- to 8-week-old male CB17 @entity6 @entity2 . Serial tissue sections and tissue microarrays of the resulting @entity7 PCa 144 xenograft lines were used for histopathologic and immunohistochemical characterization of the xenografts and their tissue of origin. RNA from two representative xenograft sublines was used for gene-expression profiling. RESULTS: All eight fragments formed @entity1 : four of the @entity7 PCa 144 xenograft sublines had morphologic characteristics of @entity9 and four, of @entity3 . All retained high fidelity to their parent @entity1 tissue, which remained stable through serial passages. Morphological transitions in the specimen of origin suggested @entity3 represents an intermediate step between @entity5 and @entity9 . Over 2,500 genes were differentially expressed between the @entity9 ( @entity7 PCa 144-13) and the @entity3 ( @entity7 PCa 144-4) sublines and enriched in "Nervous System Development" Gene Ontology subtree. CONCLUSION: The eight xenograft models described represent the spectrum of @entity8 in @entity4 and will be valuable preclinical tools to study the pathogenesis of and therapy targets for this increasingly recognized subset of @entity4 .

title: @entity4 xenografts with large-cell and small-cell features derived from a single XXXX 's @entity1 : morphological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression profiles.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Antihypertensive drugs reduce @entity2 and mortality. This was demonstrated by controlled clinical trials. While most complications are dramatically reduced it is not certain whether the incidence of @entity5 is decreased by treatment or whether the severity of the @entity6 is reduced. The prognosis in @entity0 with borderline and mild @entity3 varies widely depending on the number of other risk factors present. @entity0 with mild @entity3 and low risk profiles may not obtain enough benefit from treatment to justify the side effects, inconvenience, and expense of such therapy. Such @entity0 should be individually evaluated as to the need and desirability of treatment. @entity0 who are not treated with drugs should be seen for an annual follow-up to detect progression. Low @entity7 diets are effective but they are not practical because it is difficult to adhere to the required degree of @entity7 restriction. Weight-reducing diets also reduce blood pressure but compliance again is difficult, although it is worth advocating for the few @entity0 who will maintain the diet more or less indefinitely. Between 1973 and 1977 in the United States there has been an 8% decline in deaths due to @entity4 , a 17% decrease in deaths due to @entity1 , and an increase in average life expectancy from 71.3 to 72.8 years. Could this be the result of more widespread treatment?

title: Treatment of XXXX in 1981.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In 1996, intraperitoneal (IP) administration of @entity5 plus intravenous (i.v.) @entity4 proved superior to both drugs given intravenously at the same doses--which, at the time, was the standard treatment in the United States. The IP 'option' was not adopted, however, because the standard treatment had shifted to i.v. @entity5 plus @entity7 .Two additional phase III trials by the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) comparing IP versus i.v. @entity5 , but including other variables, have shown similar superior effects of the IP route on outcome, but with @entity3 -particularly local tolerance and @entity1 --increased. An ongoing trial by the GOG is again looking into an IP versus i.v. comparison, and introducing in one of the IP arms the substitution of IP @entity8 for IP @entity5 . All three arms of this trial contain bevacizumab (Avastin). Two other trials comparing i.v. versus IP administration of platinums or platinums and @entity7 have just been launched, led by Japanese and Canadian investigators, respectively. While awaiting additional data on the ongoing debate over IP versus i.v. therapy, it is important that we consider issues concerning why the IP route may be relevant, how can one increase the safety of this route, and who should be treated and with what drugs, particularly when faced with a @entity0 outside the clinical trials setting. The underlying hypothesis for use of IP therapy is based on the existence of a dose-effect relationship for @entity6 drugs in @entity2 . We review the known data on this relationship, and explore why interest in @entity6 drugs has become the central focus of @entity2 treatment.

title: Intraperitoneal drug delivery for XXXX : why, how, who, what, and when?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the morphological changes and quantitative distribution of @entity1 in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) epithelium treated with smokeless @entity0 (ST). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Archives of experimental material from previously published studies (Ashrafi et al., 1992) were utilized. Animals in experimental group received moist ST (snuff) in their right pouch, 5 days weekly for 24 months, while no snuff was given to control group. After 24 months, the epithelial tissues were processed for electron microscopy study. Volume densities of @entity1 were assessed by morphometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mitochondrial volume densities in the two groups, experimental vs control. RESULTS: In both control and experimental groups @entity1 were concentrated between the nucleus and basal cell plasma membrane. A decrease in the mean mitochondrial volume density (Vvmit) was observed from the basal layer to the more superficial layers in both groups. The experimental @entity3 displayed more @entity1 than control, and the granular epithelial cell layer in experimental group showed significantly a higher mean Vvmit than the control group (P = 0.03). It was concluded that greater numbers of @entity1 were retained in ST-treated granular cells of the @entity2 epithelia than in the normal epithelium.

title: Mitochondrial volume densities in the smokeless @entity0 -treated XXXX epithelium.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the morphological changes and quantitative distribution of @entity1 in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) epithelium treated with smokeless @entity0 (ST). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Archives of experimental material from previously published studies (Ashrafi et al., 1992) were utilized. Animals in experimental group received moist ST (snuff) in their right pouch, 5 days weekly for 24 months, while no snuff was given to control group. After 24 months, the epithelial tissues were processed for electron microscopy study. Volume densities of @entity1 were assessed by morphometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mitochondrial volume densities in the two groups, experimental vs control. RESULTS: In both control and experimental groups @entity1 were concentrated between the nucleus and basal cell plasma membrane. A decrease in the mean mitochondrial volume density (Vvmit) was observed from the basal layer to the more superficial layers in both groups. The experimental @entity3 displayed more @entity1 than control, and the granular epithelial cell layer in experimental group showed significantly a higher mean Vvmit than the control group (P = 0.03). It was concluded that greater numbers of @entity1 were retained in ST-treated granular cells of the @entity2 epithelia than in the normal epithelium.

title: Mitochondrial volume densities in the smokeless XXXX -treated @entity3 epithelium.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This work explores the phenotypic changes affecting transformed cells in an experimental model of @entity4 ( @entity5 )-induced @entity3 in male @entity2 . This @entity1 -induced @entity0 presents an important cytological pleomorphism and its origin remains largely controversial. In order to characterize phenotypic variations during @entity0 progression, the occurrence of seven lineage markers was analysed by a morphometric approach in kidney sections of @entity5 -exposed hamsters (6-11 months). S100 protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and @entity6 are expressed by a large percentage of malignant cells during @entity0 development. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and desmin are mostly evidenced in advanced @entity0 whereas Leu 7 always presents a focal expression. As evidenced by double-label immunofluorescence, the coexpression of three important neuroectodermal lineage markers (S100, NSE and PGP 9.5) in earliest @entity0 buds points to a peripheral nerve sheath origin for this @entity0 thus confirming previously published data. For each marker, the fluctuations of expression levels during @entity0 progression as well as the spatial heterogeneity of distribution suggest variable phenotypic differentiation of transformed cell populations. This observation is largely corroborated by double-label immunofluorescence showing coexpression modification of several markers during @entity0 progression. This points to a complex dynamic and spatial self-organization of different phenotypes within @entity0 . Altogether, these results support the concept that @entity5 -induced @entity3 are not made of unstructured cell populations but represent adaptive complex dynamic biosystems.

title: Phenotypic variations and dynamic topography of transformed cells in an experimental model of XXXX -induced @entity3 in male @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: This work explores the phenotypic changes affecting transformed cells in an experimental model of @entity4 ( @entity5 )-induced @entity3 in male @entity2 . This @entity1 -induced @entity0 presents an important cytological pleomorphism and its origin remains largely controversial. In order to characterize phenotypic variations during @entity0 progression, the occurrence of seven lineage markers was analysed by a morphometric approach in kidney sections of @entity5 -exposed hamsters (6-11 months). S100 protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and @entity6 are expressed by a large percentage of malignant cells during @entity0 development. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and desmin are mostly evidenced in advanced @entity0 whereas Leu 7 always presents a focal expression. As evidenced by double-label immunofluorescence, the coexpression of three important neuroectodermal lineage markers (S100, NSE and PGP 9.5) in earliest @entity0 buds points to a peripheral nerve sheath origin for this @entity0 thus confirming previously published data. For each marker, the fluctuations of expression levels during @entity0 progression as well as the spatial heterogeneity of distribution suggest variable phenotypic differentiation of transformed cell populations. This observation is largely corroborated by double-label immunofluorescence showing coexpression modification of several markers during @entity0 progression. This points to a complex dynamic and spatial self-organization of different phenotypes within @entity0 . Altogether, these results support the concept that @entity5 -induced @entity3 are not made of unstructured cell populations but represent adaptive complex dynamic biosystems.

title: Phenotypic variations and dynamic topography of transformed cells in an experimental model of @entity4 -induced @entity3 in male XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: This work explores the phenotypic changes affecting transformed cells in an experimental model of @entity4 ( @entity5 )-induced @entity3 in male @entity2 . This @entity1 -induced @entity0 presents an important cytological pleomorphism and its origin remains largely controversial. In order to characterize phenotypic variations during @entity0 progression, the occurrence of seven lineage markers was analysed by a morphometric approach in kidney sections of @entity5 -exposed hamsters (6-11 months). S100 protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and @entity6 are expressed by a large percentage of malignant cells during @entity0 development. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and desmin are mostly evidenced in advanced @entity0 whereas Leu 7 always presents a focal expression. As evidenced by double-label immunofluorescence, the coexpression of three important neuroectodermal lineage markers (S100, NSE and PGP 9.5) in earliest @entity0 buds points to a peripheral nerve sheath origin for this @entity0 thus confirming previously published data. For each marker, the fluctuations of expression levels during @entity0 progression as well as the spatial heterogeneity of distribution suggest variable phenotypic differentiation of transformed cell populations. This observation is largely corroborated by double-label immunofluorescence showing coexpression modification of several markers during @entity0 progression. This points to a complex dynamic and spatial self-organization of different phenotypes within @entity0 . Altogether, these results support the concept that @entity5 -induced @entity3 are not made of unstructured cell populations but represent adaptive complex dynamic biosystems.

title: Phenotypic variations and dynamic topography of transformed cells in an experimental model of @entity4 -induced XXXX in male @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Intimal @entity2 and subsequent @entity1 limit the success of vascular reconstructive procedures. Plasminogen activation in situ may be an important factor affecting re-stenosis of the graft. Tissue specimens from eight @entity0 with failing or failed infra-inguinal vein bypasses and three specimens from normal veins were harvested to study @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The possible presence of thrombi was monitored by platelet and fibrin-specific stainings. In occluded grafts, platelet @entity8 ( @entity4 ) antibody stained the thrombi but not the endothelial area, indicating the absence of endothelium. Platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa co-localized with @entity4 and, furthermore, @entity3 /IIIa staining was positive on the vein walls with thrombi and to some extent in the grafts without thrombi. @entity5 and @entity6 were uniformly upregulated in intimal thickening in grafts without @entity1 . In organized thrombi, enhanced @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity5 reactivity was detected in the ingrowing subendothelium. In non-occluded grafts with small thrombi, @entity6 expression was enriched beneath microthrombi co-localizing with the graft wall injury, while @entity5 was scattered in the (sub)endothelium. We conclude that fibrinolytic system is upregulated at sites of graft stenosis, and local proteolytic degradation of the graft wall associates with @entity1 formation.

title: Urokinase, XXXX and @entity5 expression in severely stenosed and occluded vein grafts with @entity1 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Intimal @entity2 and subsequent @entity1 limit the success of vascular reconstructive procedures. Plasminogen activation in situ may be an important factor affecting re-stenosis of the graft. Tissue specimens from eight @entity0 with failing or failed infra-inguinal vein bypasses and three specimens from normal veins were harvested to study @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The possible presence of thrombi was monitored by platelet and fibrin-specific stainings. In occluded grafts, platelet @entity8 ( @entity4 ) antibody stained the thrombi but not the endothelial area, indicating the absence of endothelium. Platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa co-localized with @entity4 and, furthermore, @entity3 /IIIa staining was positive on the vein walls with thrombi and to some extent in the grafts without thrombi. @entity5 and @entity6 were uniformly upregulated in intimal thickening in grafts without @entity1 . In organized thrombi, enhanced @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity5 reactivity was detected in the ingrowing subendothelium. In non-occluded grafts with small thrombi, @entity6 expression was enriched beneath microthrombi co-localizing with the graft wall injury, while @entity5 was scattered in the (sub)endothelium. We conclude that fibrinolytic system is upregulated at sites of graft stenosis, and local proteolytic degradation of the graft wall associates with @entity1 formation.

title: Urokinase, @entity7 and XXXX expression in severely stenosed and occluded vein grafts with @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Intimal @entity2 and subsequent @entity1 limit the success of vascular reconstructive procedures. Plasminogen activation in situ may be an important factor affecting re-stenosis of the graft. Tissue specimens from eight @entity0 with failing or failed infra-inguinal vein bypasses and three specimens from normal veins were harvested to study @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The possible presence of thrombi was monitored by platelet and fibrin-specific stainings. In occluded grafts, platelet @entity8 ( @entity4 ) antibody stained the thrombi but not the endothelial area, indicating the absence of endothelium. Platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa co-localized with @entity4 and, furthermore, @entity3 /IIIa staining was positive on the vein walls with thrombi and to some extent in the grafts without thrombi. @entity5 and @entity6 were uniformly upregulated in intimal thickening in grafts without @entity1 . In organized thrombi, enhanced @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity5 reactivity was detected in the ingrowing subendothelium. In non-occluded grafts with small thrombi, @entity6 expression was enriched beneath microthrombi co-localizing with the graft wall injury, while @entity5 was scattered in the (sub)endothelium. We conclude that fibrinolytic system is upregulated at sites of graft stenosis, and local proteolytic degradation of the graft wall associates with @entity1 formation.

title: Urokinase, @entity7 and @entity5 expression in severely stenosed and occluded vein grafts with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In adult animals, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a significant role in regulating emotions and projects to the amygdala and periaqueductal gray (PAG) to modulate emotional responses. However, little is known about the development of this neural circuit and its relevance to unlearned fear in pre-adulthood. To address these issues, we examined the mPFC of 14-d-old ( @entity0 ), 26-d-old (juveniles), and 38- to 42-d-old (adolescents) @entity1 to represent different developmental and social milestones. The expression patterns of the neuronal marker @entity3 were used to assess neurological activity. Muscimol, a @entity2 agonist, was used to inactivate the prelimbic and infralimbic mPFC subdivisions (400 ng in 200 nl). Animals were exposed to either a threatening or nonthreatening stimulus that was ecologically relevant and age specific. Freezing was measured as an indicator of innate fear behavior. The data indicated that the mPFC is neither active nor responsive to innate fear in @entity0 @entity1 . In juveniles, the prelimbic mPFC became responsive in processing aversive sensory stimulation but did not regulate freezing behavior. Finally, during adolescence, inactivation of the prelimbic mPFC significantly attenuated freezing and decreased @entity3 expression in the ventral PAG. Surprisingly, across all ages, there were no significant differences in @entity3 levels in the medial and basolateral/lateral amygdala when either mPFC subdivision was inactivated. Together, unlearned fear has a unique developmental course with different brain areas involved in unlearned fear in the immature animal than the adult. In particular, the mPFC neural circuitry is different in young animals and progressively develops more capacities as the animal matures.

title: The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in innate fear regulation in XXXX , juveniles, and adolescents.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Observational studies report inverse associations between the use of feather upper bedding (pillow and/or quilt) and @entity3 symptoms but there is no randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence assessing the role of feather upper bedding as a secondary prevention measure. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether, among @entity0 not using feather upper bedding, a new feather pillow and feather quilt reduces @entity3 severity among @entity5 ( @entity5 ) sensitised @entity0 with @entity3 over a 1-year period compared with standard dust mite avoidance advice, and giving @entity0 a new @entity2 cover. DESIGN: RCT. SETTING: The Calvary Hospital in the Australian Capital Territory and the @entity0 's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales. @entity0 : 197 @entity0 with @entity5 sensitisation and moderate to severe @entity3 . Intervention New upper bedding @entity4 feather pillow and quilt and a @entity2 cover (feather) versus standard care and a @entity2 cover (standard). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The proportion of @entity0 reporting four or more episodes of wheeze in the past year; an episode of speech-limiting wheeze; or one or more episodes of @entity1 caused by wheezing; and spirometry with challenge testing. Statistical analysis included multiple logistic and linear regression. RESULTS: No differences between groups were found for primary end points--frequent wheeze (OR 1.51, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.76, p=0.17), speech-limiting wheeze (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.32 to 1.48, p=0.35), sleep disturbed because of wheezing (OR 1.17, 95% CI 0.64 to 2.13, p=0.61) or for any secondary end points. Secondary analyses indicated the intervention reduced the risk of sleep being disturbed because of wheezing and severe wheeze to a greater extent for @entity0 who slept supine. CONCLUSION: No differences in respiratory symptoms or lung function were observed 1 year after @entity0 with moderate-severe @entity3 and @entity5 sensitisation were given a @entity2 cover and then received either feather upper bedding (pillow and quilt) or standard bedding care.

title: Feather bedding and childhood @entity3 associated with XXXX sensitisation: a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Observational studies report inverse associations between the use of feather upper bedding (pillow and/or quilt) and @entity3 symptoms but there is no randomised controlled trial (RCT) evidence assessing the role of feather upper bedding as a secondary prevention measure. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether, among @entity0 not using feather upper bedding, a new feather pillow and feather quilt reduces @entity3 severity among @entity5 ( @entity5 ) sensitised @entity0 with @entity3 over a 1-year period compared with standard dust mite avoidance advice, and giving @entity0 a new @entity2 cover. DESIGN: RCT. SETTING: The Calvary Hospital in the Australian Capital Territory and the @entity0 's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales. @entity0 : 197 @entity0 with @entity5 sensitisation and moderate to severe @entity3 . Intervention New upper bedding @entity4 feather pillow and quilt and a @entity2 cover (feather) versus standard care and a @entity2 cover (standard). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The proportion of @entity0 reporting four or more episodes of wheeze in the past year; an episode of speech-limiting wheeze; or one or more episodes of @entity1 caused by wheezing; and spirometry with challenge testing. Statistical analysis included multiple logistic and linear regression. RESULTS: No differences between groups were found for primary end points--frequent wheeze (OR 1.51, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.76, p=0.17), speech-limiting wheeze (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.32 to 1.48, p=0.35), sleep disturbed because of wheezing (OR 1.17, 95% CI 0.64 to 2.13, p=0.61) or for any secondary end points. Secondary analyses indicated the intervention reduced the risk of sleep being disturbed because of wheezing and severe wheeze to a greater extent for @entity0 who slept supine. CONCLUSION: No differences in respiratory symptoms or lung function were observed 1 year after @entity0 with moderate-severe @entity3 and @entity5 sensitisation were given a @entity2 cover and then received either feather upper bedding (pillow and quilt) or standard bedding care.

title: Feather bedding and childhood XXXX associated with @entity5 sensitisation: a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is considerable variability between @entity0 in their expression of the diverse range of symptoms encompassed by the syndrome of @entity1 , which may modulate functional activation to cognitive processing. METHOD: Here we investigate associations between @entity1 subsyndrome scores, identified by factor analysis, and experimentally controlled brain activation. Five factors were defined by rotated principal components analysis of PANSS rating scale measurements in 100 @entity0 with @entity1 . A subsample of 30 @entity0 and a group of 27 comparison subjects were studied using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the performance of two periodically designed cognitive activation experiments: verbal working memory and psychomotor sequencing. RESULTS: Factor analysis replicated the five dimensions consistently reported. Within the @entity0 group. power of activation by working memory was negatively associated with global symptom severity in left lingual and temporo-parietal cortices; negatively associated with positive subsyndrome scores in left inferior frontal and superior temporal cortices and basal ganglia; and positively associated with negative subsyndrome scores in lateral and medial premotor cortex. No relationship was observed between subsyndrome scores and functional activation during the motor task. Between-group comparisons demonstrated reduced power of response to the working memory task by @entity0 in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal and left pre- and post-central cortices. CONCLUSIONS: In this study we observed task-specific modulation of functional response associated with symptom expression in @entity1 . Our findings are compatible with previous empirical findings and theoretical conceptualization of @entity0 brain function, in terms of capacity constraints on activation in the face of competing demands from pathological and task-related cognitive activity.

title: The functional neuroanatomy of XXXX subsyndromes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: @entity2 is a frequent symptom in @entity0 with @entity3 . Itching may be excruciating, may seriously impair quality of life and even induce suicidal ideation in the most severe cases. RECENT FINDINGS: The molecular mechanism of itch signal transduction in @entity4 is largely unclear. It may be caused or potentiated by compounds that accumulate in the circulation during @entity4 , which either directly or indirectly affect signalling in itch fibres. In the past, @entity5 and endogenous opioids have been proposed but never been proven to be key factors in itch perception during @entity4 . We have performed a screen for compounds in plasma from @entity0 with various cholestatic conditions for their capacity to activate neuronal cell lines. In these sera, we could identify a potent neuronal activator as @entity6 ( @entity7 ). @entity7 is a very potent signalling phospholipid that can activate cells through various @entity7 receptors. Quite strikingly, samples from itchy cholestatic @entity0 contained higher amounts of @entity7 . These increased levels of @entity7 turned out to be caused by elevated levels of serum @entity9 , the enzyme that converts @entity8 into @entity7 . This is a striking finding, as @entity9 has never been connected to itch perception thus far. We have also shown that @entity7 , when injected intradermally, caused scratching behaviour in @entity1 . SUMMARY: On the basis of our results, we hypothesize that during @entity4 expression of @entity9 is induced, which gives rise to increased local formation of @entity7 near unmyelinated nerve endings of itch fibres. @entity7 activates these neurons through one of the @entity7 receptors, which in turn potentiates action potentials along itch fibres leading to the perception of @entity2 .

title: Mediators of @entity2 during XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: @entity2 is a frequent symptom in @entity0 with @entity3 . Itching may be excruciating, may seriously impair quality of life and even induce suicidal ideation in the most severe cases. RECENT FINDINGS: The molecular mechanism of itch signal transduction in @entity4 is largely unclear. It may be caused or potentiated by compounds that accumulate in the circulation during @entity4 , which either directly or indirectly affect signalling in itch fibres. In the past, @entity5 and endogenous opioids have been proposed but never been proven to be key factors in itch perception during @entity4 . We have performed a screen for compounds in plasma from @entity0 with various cholestatic conditions for their capacity to activate neuronal cell lines. In these sera, we could identify a potent neuronal activator as @entity6 ( @entity7 ). @entity7 is a very potent signalling phospholipid that can activate cells through various @entity7 receptors. Quite strikingly, samples from itchy cholestatic @entity0 contained higher amounts of @entity7 . These increased levels of @entity7 turned out to be caused by elevated levels of serum @entity9 , the enzyme that converts @entity8 into @entity7 . This is a striking finding, as @entity9 has never been connected to itch perception thus far. We have also shown that @entity7 , when injected intradermally, caused scratching behaviour in @entity1 . SUMMARY: On the basis of our results, we hypothesize that during @entity4 expression of @entity9 is induced, which gives rise to increased local formation of @entity7 near unmyelinated nerve endings of itch fibres. @entity7 activates these neurons through one of the @entity7 receptors, which in turn potentiates action potentials along itch fibres leading to the perception of @entity2 .

title: Mediators of XXXX during @entity4 .

answer: @entity2