abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from @entity3 ( @entity3 ) therapy are frequent; however, techniques to identify at-risk @entity0 are inadequate. Furthermore, the relationship between @entity1 , quality of life (QOL), and cardiac structure are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: 151 symptomatic @entity0 with systolic @entity3 were followed for a mean of 10 months. In this post hoc analysis, treatment-related @entity1 included @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity9 / @entity8 , @entity2 , and @entity5 . At 1 year, 21 treatment-related @entity1 occurred. No difference in @entity1 existed between the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)-guided arm and the standard of care arm (P  = .20). At baseline, @entity0 who suffered @entity1 were less likely to be receiving beta-blockers (85.7% vs 97.7%; P  = .009) and had worse functional class and lower @entity7 levels. @entity0 who experienced @entity1 had less improvement in their Minnesota Living With @entity3 Questionnaire scores and had a trend toward reduced echocardiographic reverse remodeling over the follow-up period. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to develop a risk score for SAE prediction; @entity0 in the highest risk quartile had the shortest time to first cardiovascular event (P  = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: NT-proBNP-guided @entity3 care is safe. Experiencing treatment-related @entity1 is associated with worse QOL and potentially reduced reverse remodeling. A risk score to prospectively predict @entity1 in aggressive @entity3 management was developed.

title: Characterization and Prediction of Adverse Events From Intensive @entity3 Management and Effect on Quality of Life: Results From the Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Outpatient-Tailored XXXX Therapy (PROTECT) Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from @entity3 ( @entity3 ) therapy are frequent; however, techniques to identify at-risk @entity0 are inadequate. Furthermore, the relationship between @entity1 , quality of life (QOL), and cardiac structure are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: 151 symptomatic @entity0 with systolic @entity3 were followed for a mean of 10 months. In this post hoc analysis, treatment-related @entity1 included @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity9 / @entity8 , @entity2 , and @entity5 . At 1 year, 21 treatment-related @entity1 occurred. No difference in @entity1 existed between the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)-guided arm and the standard of care arm (P  = .20). At baseline, @entity0 who suffered @entity1 were less likely to be receiving beta-blockers (85.7% vs 97.7%; P  = .009) and had worse functional class and lower @entity7 levels. @entity0 who experienced @entity1 had less improvement in their Minnesota Living With @entity3 Questionnaire scores and had a trend toward reduced echocardiographic reverse remodeling over the follow-up period. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to develop a risk score for SAE prediction; @entity0 in the highest risk quartile had the shortest time to first cardiovascular event (P  = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: NT-proBNP-guided @entity3 care is safe. Experiencing treatment-related @entity1 is associated with worse QOL and potentially reduced reverse remodeling. A risk score to prospectively predict @entity1 in aggressive @entity3 management was developed.

title: Characterization and Prediction of Adverse Events From Intensive XXXX Management and Effect on Quality of Life: Results From the Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Outpatient-Tailored @entity3 Therapy (PROTECT) Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of lanreotide Autogel on @entity0 -reported outcomes and association with biochemical control, using PRIMARYS data. METHODS: PRIMARYS was a 1-year, open-label study of lanreotide Autogel (Depot in USA) 120  mg every 4  weeks in 90 treatment-na  ve @entity0 with @entity4 . Symptoms were assessed using @entity0 -assessed @entity4 Symptom Questionnaire (PASQ) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the AcroQoL questionnaire. Correlations between PASQ and AcroQoL scores, and between PASQ/AcroQoL and @entity5 (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 ( @entity1 ) levels were also evaluated (post hoc). RESULTS: @entity2 and HRQoL significantly improved from week  12 to week  48, with modest correlations at week 48 between PASQ total score (R  =  -0.55, p  <  0.0001) and AcroQoL global and physical scores (R  =  -0.67, p  <  0.0001). Approximately 60  % of @entity0 achieved a @entity3 ( @entity3 ; improvement >50  % of baseline standard deviation) in PASQ total score and >40  % achieved a @entity3 in AcroQoL global score (post hoc). Changes in PASQ scores were similar in biochemically controlled ( @entity5 levels  <=2.5   g/L and normal @entity1 levels) and uncontrolled groups, while changes in global and psychological AcroQoL scores were greater in the controlled group. There was no correlation between changes in PASQ or AcroQoL scores and changes in @entity5 or @entity1 levels. CONCLUSIONS: Primary treatment with lanreotide Autogel over 1  year was associated with rapid and sustained improvements in clinical signs and symptoms and HRQoL in @entity0 with @entity4 . Improvements in HRQoL, but not symptoms, were greater in those achieving biochemical control (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00690898; EudraCT: 2007-000155-34).

title: Effects of lanreotide Autogel primary therapy on symptoms and quality-of-life in XXXX : data from the PRIMARYS study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chromosomal translocations are considered as causal in approximately 20% of @entity1 . Therefore, understanding their mechanisms of formation is crucial in the prevention of @entity2 . The first step of translocation formation is the concomitant occurrence of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in two different chromosomes. DSBs can be repaired by different repair mechanisms, including @entity4 (HR), potentially error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and the highly mutagenic alternative end joining (alt-EJ) pathways. Regulation of DNA repair pathway choice is crucial to avoid genomic instability. In @entity3 , DSBs are mobile and can scan the entire nucleus to be repaired in specialized DNA repair centers or if they are persistent, in order to associate with the nuclear pores or the nuclear envelope where they can be repaired by specialized repair pathways. DSB mobility is limited in mammals; therefore, raising the question of whether the position at which a DSB occurs influences its repair. Here, we review the recent literature addressing this question. We first present the reports describing the extent of DSB mobility in @entity0 cells. In a second part, we discuss the consequences of non-random gene positioning on chromosomal translocations formation. In the third part, we discuss the mobility of heterochromatic DSBs in light of our recent data on DSB repair at the nuclear lamina, and finally, we show that DSB repair compartmentalization at the nuclear periphery is conserved from @entity3 to mammals, further pointing to a role for gene positioning in the outcome of DSB repair. When regarded as a whole, the different studies reviewed here demonstrate the importance of nuclear architecture on DSB repair and reveal gene positioning as an important parameter in the study of tumorigenesis.

title: DSB (Im)mobility and DNA Repair Compartmentalization in XXXX Cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: General practitioners (GPs) often feel uncomfortable when @entity0 request an antibiotic when there is likely little benefit. This study evaluates the effect of access to point-of-care tests on decreasing the prescription of antibiotics in @entity4 in subjects who explicitly requested an antibiotic prescription. METHODS: Spanish GPs registered all cases of @entity4 over a 3-week period before and after an intervention undertaken in 2008 and 2009. @entity0 with acute @entity3 , @entity1 , and exacerbations of @entity2 were excluded. Two types of interventions were performed: the full intervention group received prescriber feedback with discussion of the results of the first registry, courses for GPs, guidelines, @entity0 information leaflets, workshops, and access to point-of-care tests (rapid streptococcal antigen detection test and C-reactive protein test); and the partial intervention group underwent all of the above interventions except for the workshop and access to point-of-care tests. RESULTS: A total of 210 GPs were assigned to the full intervention group and 71 to the partial intervention group. A total of 25,479 subjects with @entity4 were included, of whom 344 (1.4%) requested antibiotic prescribing. Antibiotics were more frequently prescribed to subjects requesting them compared with those who did not (49.1% vs 18.5%, P < .001). In the group of GPs assigned to the partial intervention group, 53.1% of subjects requesting antibiotics received a prescription before and 60% after the intervention, without statistical differences being observed. In the group of GPs assigned to the full intervention group, the percentages were 55.1% and 36.2%, respectively, with a difference of 18.9% (95% CI: 6.4%-30.6%, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Access to point-of-care tests reduces antibiotic use in subjects who explicitly request an antibiotic prescription.

title: Access to Point-of-Care Tests Reduces the Prescription of Antibiotics Among Antibiotic-Requesting Subjects With XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is a chronic @entity6 that is increasing in prevalence with the worldwide epidemic of @entity0 . @entity9 is the hepatic manifestation of the @entity4 . The term @entity9 describes a spectrum of liver pathology ranges from simple @entity8 to @entity8 with @entity1 and even @entity2 . @entity4 and @entity9 also predict @entity3 . Many genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to contribute to the development of @entity0 and @entity9 , but the exact mechanisms are not known. Intestinal ecosystem contains trillions of microorganisms including bacteria, Archaea, @entity5 and viruses. Several studies support the relationship between the intestinal microbial changes and @entity0 and also its complications, including insulin resistance and @entity9 . Given that the gut and liver are connected by the portal venous system, it makes the liver more vulnerable to translocation of bacteria, bacterial products, endotoxins or secreted cytokines. Altered intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) may stimulate hepatic fat deposition through several mechanisms: regulation of gut permeability, increasing low-grade @entity1 , modulation of dietary @entity10 metabolism, regulation of @entity11 metabolism and producing endogenous @entity7 . Regulation of intestinal microbial ecosystem by diet modifications or by using probiotics and prebiotics as a treatment for @entity0 and its complications might be the issue of further investigations.

title: @entity0 , XXXX and intestinal microbiota.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is a chronic @entity6 that is increasing in prevalence with the worldwide epidemic of @entity0 . @entity9 is the hepatic manifestation of the @entity4 . The term @entity9 describes a spectrum of liver pathology ranges from simple @entity8 to @entity8 with @entity1 and even @entity2 . @entity4 and @entity9 also predict @entity3 . Many genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to contribute to the development of @entity0 and @entity9 , but the exact mechanisms are not known. Intestinal ecosystem contains trillions of microorganisms including bacteria, Archaea, @entity5 and viruses. Several studies support the relationship between the intestinal microbial changes and @entity0 and also its complications, including insulin resistance and @entity9 . Given that the gut and liver are connected by the portal venous system, it makes the liver more vulnerable to translocation of bacteria, bacterial products, endotoxins or secreted cytokines. Altered intestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) may stimulate hepatic fat deposition through several mechanisms: regulation of gut permeability, increasing low-grade @entity1 , modulation of dietary @entity10 metabolism, regulation of @entity11 metabolism and producing endogenous @entity7 . Regulation of intestinal microbial ecosystem by diet modifications or by using probiotics and prebiotics as a treatment for @entity0 and its complications might be the issue of further investigations.

title: XXXX , @entity6 and intestinal microbiota.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To conduct a meta-analysis comparing laparoscopic (LGD2) and open D2 gastrectomies (OGD2) for the treatment of advanced @entity5 (AGC). METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs comparing LGD2 with OGD2 for AGC treatment, published between 1 January 2000 and 12 January 2013, were identified in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Primary endpoints included operative outcomes (operative time, intraoperative @entity3 , and conversion rate), postoperative outcomes (postoperative analgesic consumption, time to first ambulation, time to first flatus, time to first oral intake, postoperative hospital stay length, postoperative morbidity, incidence of reoperation, and postoperative mortality), and oncologic outcomes (the number of lymph nodes harvested, @entity2 recurrence and @entity1 , disease-free rates, and overall survival rates). The Cochrane Collaboration tools and the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale were used to assess the quality and risk of bias of RCTs and non-RCTs in the study. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the incidence rate of various postoperative morbidities as well as recurrence and @entity1 patterns. A Begg's test was used to evaluate the publication bias. RESULTS: One RCT and 13 non-RCTs totaling 2596 @entity0 were included in the meta-analysis. LGD2 in comparison to OGD2 showed lower intraoperative @entity3 [ @entity4 ( @entity4 ) = -137.87 mL, 95%CI: -164.41--111.33; P < 0.01], lower analgesic consumption ( @entity4 = -1.94, 95%CI: -2.50--1.38; P < 0.01), shorter times to first ambulation ( @entity4 = -1.03 d, 95%CI: -1.90--0.16; P < 0.05), flatus ( @entity4 = -0.98 d, 95%CI: -1.30--0.66; P < 0.01), and oral intake ( @entity4 = -0.85 d, 95%CI: -1.67--0.03; P < 0.05), shorter hospitalization ( @entity4 = -3.08 d, 95%CI: -4.38--1.78; P < 0.01), and lower postoperative morbidity (odds ratio = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.61-0.99; P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between LGD2 and OGD2 for the following criteria: reoperation incidence, postoperative mortality, number of harvested lymph nodes, @entity2 recurrence/ @entity1 , or three- or five-year disease-free and overall survival rates. However, LGD2 had longer operative times ( @entity4 = 57.06 min, 95%CI: 41.87-72.25; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Although a technically demanding and time-consuming procedure, LGD2 may be safe and effective, and offer some advantages over OGD2 for treatment of locally AGC.

title: Laparoscopic vs open D2 gastrectomy for locally advanced XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: This study aimed to analyze trends in the 10 leading causes of @entity6 in Korea from 1983 to 2012. Death rates were derived from the Korean Statistics Information Service database and age-adjusted to the 2010 population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify the points when statistically significant changes occurred in the trends. Between 1983 and 2012, the age-standardized @entity6 rate (ASR) from all causes decreased by 61.6% for @entity0 and 51.2% for @entity0 . ASRs from @entity1 , @entity2 , and transport accidents increased initially before decreasing. ASRs from @entity5 diseases, @entity7 , @entity4 and @entity8 showed favorable trends (ASR % change: -94.4%, -53.8%, -76.0%, and -78.9% for @entity0 , and -77.1%, -36.5%, -67.8%, and -79.9% for @entity0 , respectively). ASRs from @entity3 decreased until the mid-1990s and thereafter increased. ASRs from intentional self-harm increased persistently since around 1990 (ASR % change: 122.0% for @entity0 and 217.4% for @entity0 ). In conclusion, @entity6 rates from all causes in Korea decreased significantly in the last three decades except in the late 1990s. Despite the great strides made in the overall mortality, temporal trends varied widely by cause. Mortality trends for @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity3 and intentional self-harm were unfavorable.

title: Trends in the leading causes of XXXX in Korea, 1983-2012.

answer: @entity6


abstract: There have been numerous reports on the relationship between @entity2 and @entity4 . The present study investigated seropositive rates of @entity4 among healthy @entity0 with or without @entity2 in urban and rural areas, and assessed risk factors for positive antibody test. A total of 610 healthy @entity0 , who visited health check-up (Medicheck  , Korea Association of Health Promotion), 310 from Seoul and 300 from Gyeongsangnam-do, were subjected for this study. Their serum samples were tested by ELISA with the crude antigen of @entity3 larvae. Cross-reactions with other tissue invading helminth antigens were also investigated. Total antibody positive rate of @entity4 was 8.7% of the 610 subjects. When the subjects were grouped into 3 by their eosinophil counts, the antibody positive rates significantly differed by the groups; 5.9% (18/306) in the group<350/  L, 10.0% (11/110) in the group 350-500/  L, and 12.4% (24/194) in the group>500/  L (P=0.028). A total of 22 serum samples cross-reacted with other tissue-invading helminth antigens. A questionnaire analysis recognized drinking @entity1 and smoking as significant risk factors of @entity4 . In conclusion, @entity4 antibody positive rate is correlated with eosinophil counts. It is recommended that healthy subjects with @entity2 by routine health examination and risk factors undergo Toxocara serology by multiantigen ELISA to investigate etiology.

title: Significance of Serum Antibody Test for Toxocariasis in Healthy Healthcare Examinees with XXXX in Seoul and Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the computed tomography (CT) features of @entity0 ( @entity0 ) and solid @entity0 (SPTs) with @entity1 , and to compare them with those of unilocular @entity0 of the pancreas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by our Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was waived. We included 112 @entity4 with @entity1 on CT (16 @entity0 [nine @entity0 and seven SPTs] and 96 @entity0 [45 @entity5 , 30 mucinous @entity0 , and 21 branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous @entity0 ]). Two radiologists reviewed the CT images in consensus to determine @entity0 location, long diameter, morphological features, wall thicknesses, ratio of wall thickness to @entity0 size, wall enhancement patterns, intratumoral contents, and accompanying findings. Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the results. RESULTS: All 16 @entity0 had perceptible walls (mean thickness, 2.7 mm; mean ratio of wall thickness to @entity0 size, 7.7%) with variable enhancement. Four @entity0 and seven SPTs had @entity2 , @entity3 , and/or mural nodules. Six CT findings were specific for @entity0 with @entity1 : a thick (> 2 mm) wall, uneven thickness of the wall, high ratio of wall thickness to @entity0 size, hyper- or hypo-attenuation of the wall in the arterial and portal phase, and heterogeneous internal contents. When three or more of the above criteria were used, 100% specificity and 87.5-92% accuracy were obtained for @entity0 with @entity1 . CONCLUSION: A combination of CT features was useful for distinguishing @entity0 with @entity1 from unilocular @entity0 of the pancreas.

title: Solid XXXX with Unilocular Cyst-Like Appearance on CT: Differentiation from Unilocular Cystic Tumors Using CT.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 Pollen ( @entity5 ) and Astragalus genus are used in some countries for the treatment of @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate effects of @entity5 and Astragalus ovinus (A.Ovinus) on fertility in healthy adult male @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six @entity0 were divided into six groups (n=6) including control and five treatment groups. @entity5 (120, 240 and 360 mg/kg) and A.ovinus (100, 500 mg/ kg) were orally given to the treatment groups. After thirty-five days, blood samples were taken to determine serum levels of FSH, LH, @entity3 and @entity1 . Weight of testis and epididymis, sperm count, sperm motility, seminiferous tubules diameter (STD), germinal cell layer thickness (GCLT), sertoli, leydig and spermatogonia cells were also evaluated. RESULTS: @entity5 at the of 120 and 240 mg/kg doses significantly raised the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight, sperm count, sperm motility , and @entity1 level compared to the control group (p<0.05). LH and @entity3 levels only noticeably increased at 120 mg/kg of @entity5 (p<0.01 and p<0.001 respectively). STD increased in the three applied doses (p=0.001). A. ovinus extract at the indicated doses produced a significant reduction in the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight and sperm motility (p<0.05). Sperm count, spermatogonia, leydig cells and FSH level decreased at dose of 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, GCLT, spermatogonia cells, and serum @entity1 level increased at 100 mg/kg dose of A. ovinus. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity5 could improve fertility factors, while A.ovinus can exhibit deleterious effects on gonad and sperm parameters in @entity0 .

title: Effects of XXXX pollen ( @entity4 .) and Astragalus ovinus on sperm parameters and sex hormones in adult male @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 Pollen ( @entity5 ) and Astragalus genus are used in some countries for the treatment of @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate effects of @entity5 and Astragalus ovinus (A.Ovinus) on fertility in healthy adult male @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six @entity0 were divided into six groups (n=6) including control and five treatment groups. @entity5 (120, 240 and 360 mg/kg) and A.ovinus (100, 500 mg/ kg) were orally given to the treatment groups. After thirty-five days, blood samples were taken to determine serum levels of FSH, LH, @entity3 and @entity1 . Weight of testis and epididymis, sperm count, sperm motility, seminiferous tubules diameter (STD), germinal cell layer thickness (GCLT), sertoli, leydig and spermatogonia cells were also evaluated. RESULTS: @entity5 at the of 120 and 240 mg/kg doses significantly raised the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight, sperm count, sperm motility , and @entity1 level compared to the control group (p<0.05). LH and @entity3 levels only noticeably increased at 120 mg/kg of @entity5 (p<0.01 and p<0.001 respectively). STD increased in the three applied doses (p=0.001). A. ovinus extract at the indicated doses produced a significant reduction in the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight and sperm motility (p<0.05). Sperm count, spermatogonia, leydig cells and FSH level decreased at dose of 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, GCLT, spermatogonia cells, and serum @entity1 level increased at 100 mg/kg dose of A. ovinus. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity5 could improve fertility factors, while A.ovinus can exhibit deleterious effects on gonad and sperm parameters in @entity0 .

title: Effects of @entity4 pollen ( XXXX .) and Astragalus ovinus on sperm parameters and sex hormones in adult male @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 Pollen ( @entity5 ) and Astragalus genus are used in some countries for the treatment of @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate effects of @entity5 and Astragalus ovinus (A.Ovinus) on fertility in healthy adult male @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six @entity0 were divided into six groups (n=6) including control and five treatment groups. @entity5 (120, 240 and 360 mg/kg) and A.ovinus (100, 500 mg/ kg) were orally given to the treatment groups. After thirty-five days, blood samples were taken to determine serum levels of FSH, LH, @entity3 and @entity1 . Weight of testis and epididymis, sperm count, sperm motility, seminiferous tubules diameter (STD), germinal cell layer thickness (GCLT), sertoli, leydig and spermatogonia cells were also evaluated. RESULTS: @entity5 at the of 120 and 240 mg/kg doses significantly raised the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight, sperm count, sperm motility , and @entity1 level compared to the control group (p<0.05). LH and @entity3 levels only noticeably increased at 120 mg/kg of @entity5 (p<0.01 and p<0.001 respectively). STD increased in the three applied doses (p=0.001). A. ovinus extract at the indicated doses produced a significant reduction in the ratio of testis or epididymis to body weight and sperm motility (p<0.05). Sperm count, spermatogonia, leydig cells and FSH level decreased at dose of 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, GCLT, spermatogonia cells, and serum @entity1 level increased at 100 mg/kg dose of A. ovinus. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity5 could improve fertility factors, while A.ovinus can exhibit deleterious effects on gonad and sperm parameters in @entity0 .

title: Effects of @entity4 pollen ( @entity4 .) and Astragalus ovinus on sperm parameters and sex hormones in adult male XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Immunosuppression can be discontinued from selected and stable @entity0 after liver transplantation resulting in spontaneous operational tolerance (SOT), although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Thus we analyzed serial liver biopsies from adult liver recipients enrolled in a prospective multi-center immunosuppression withdrawal trial employing immunophenotyping and transcriptional profiling. Liver samples were collected before the initiation of weaning, at time of rejection, or 1 and 3 years after complete drug discontinuation. Unexpectedly the tolerated grafts developed portal tract expansion with increased T cell infiltration after immunosuppression withdrawal. This was associated with transient and preferential accumulation of @entity2 (+) @entity1 (+) cells and a trend towards up-regulation of immune activation and regulatory genes, without signs of rejection. At the same time no markers of endothelial damage or activation were noted. Portal infiltrates persisted at 3 year, but were characterized by decreased expression of genes associated with @entity3 . Furthermore SOT was not associated with a progressive @entity4 up to five years. These data suggest that SOT involves several mechanisms: a long-lasting local immune cell persistence with a transient regulatory T cells accumulation followed by a down-regulation of immune activated genes over years. These results have important implications for designs and follow-up of weaning trials. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Hepatic infiltrates in operational tolerant XXXX after liver transplantation show enrichment of regulatory T cells before proinflammatory genes are down-regulated.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 are rare and exhibit a broad spectrum of phenotypic heterogeneity. The objective of this study was to investigate prognostic factors in @entity0 with @entity3 and review the results in light of other reports. We retrospectively reviewed 40 @entity0 with primary @entity3 who were diagnosed and treated at our institution between 1991 and 2014. Of the 40 @entity2 , 19 (47.5%) were @entity6 , 11 (27.5%) were @entity5 , 7 (17.5%) were @entity7 , 2 (5.0%) were @entity3 and 1 (2.5%) was a @entity4 . Clinically positive lymph nodes were present in 4 @entity0 (10.0%). As regards clinical stage, 15 cases (37.5%) were stage I, 13 (32.5%) were stage II, 1 (2.5%) was stage III and 11 (27.5%) were stage IVA. The majority of the @entity0 (97.5%) were treated with surgery, of whom 25 (62.5%) received surgery alone and 14 (35.0%) underwent surgery in combination with chemotherapy or chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The median follow-up time for all the @entity0 was 48 months. The disease-specific survival rate at 5 years was 87.1%. We identified a significant correlation between poor survival rate and histological grade (intermediate/high), @entity2 size (T3/T4), lymph node @entity1 (node-positive) and clinical stage (III/IV) using the Kaplan-Meier method (P<0.05 for each). In addition, the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis confirmed that lymph node @entity1 and @entity2 size were independent prognostic factors for disease-specific survival (hazard ratio = 18.7 and 15.1, respectively; P=0.023 and 0.037, respectively). Furthermore, @entity2 size was found to be a predictive factor regarding recurrence in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (odds ratio = 8.35; P=0.025). Our results suggest that lymph node @entity1 and @entity2 size are significant prognostic factors for @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Clinicopathological analysis of XXXX and literature review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are now routinely used for gene identification in @entity1 . Setting up cost-efficient NGS projects and managing the large amount of variants remains, however, a challenging job. Here we provide insights in the decision-making processes before and after the use of NGS in gene identification studies. Genetic factors are thought to have a role in ~70% of all @entity2 , and a variety of inheritance patterns have been described for @entity3 -associated gene defects. We therefore chose @entity2 as disease model and selected 35 NGS studies that focused on @entity0 with a @entity1 . The strategies used for gene identification and their respective outcomes were reviewed. High-throughput NGS strategies have led to the identification of several new @entity2 -causing genes, enlarging our knowledge on both known and novel pathomechanisms. NGS findings have furthermore extended the awareness of phenotypical and genetic heterogeneity. By discussing recent studies we illustrate: (I) the power of NGS for gene identification in @entity1 , (II) the accelerating pace in which this field evolves, and (III) the considerations that have to be made when performing NGS studies. Nonetheless, the enormous rise in gene discovery over the last decade, many @entity0 and families included in gene identification studies still remain without a molecular diagnosis; hence, further genetic research is warranted. On the basis of successful NGS studies in @entity2 , we discuss general approaches to guide @entity0 geneticists and clinicians in setting up cost-efficient gene identification NGS studies.European Journal of @entity0 Genetics advance online publication, 25 November 2015; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2015.251.

title: Lessons learned from gene identification studies in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly used technique for the treatment of stress @entity1 (SUI) in @entity0 is the suburethral @entity2 sling, using either a retropubic or transobturator tape approach This treatment results in a cure rate of over 80%, based on both subjective and objective evaluations. @entity3 have been largely abandoned due to lack of efficacy. Despite the high success rates, 10-20% of @entity0 remain incontinent. Cell-based therapy might offer solutions for the future both for the primary setting as for the treatment of failures. Preclinical studies suggest that stem cells (SC) can enhance the recovery of damaged tissue either by direct integration and replacement of damaged tissue (differentiation) or by secreting factors that influence host response mechanisms (paracrine effect). The clinical data to date do not allow strong efficacy conclusions, except that SC therapy seems to be safe in the short term. Most published studies use autologous cells. Allogeneic cell sources need to be investigated as well to allow ready-to-use solutions in the future. Most importantly, we need better insight into the mechanisms of action. We need more basic stem cell research, better acute and chronic animal models, better investigational tools and more efforts using tissue engineering approach.

title: Slings for XXXX and the application of cell-based therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Fc gamma receptors (FcyRs) are the members of the immunoglobulin superfamily and may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity1 . Genetic variation in these receptors and its link with various forms of @entity1 is being studied in different populations. The aim of the present study is to determine whether specific FcyRIIa, FcyRIIIa, and FcyRIIIb alleles and/or genotypes are associated with risk for susceptibility to generalized @entity3 (GCP) in South Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 120 South Indian subjects; 60 with GCP and 60 periodontally healthy. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was extracted from samples collected by scrapping buccal epithelium. FcyRIIa and FcyRIIIa genotyping were performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of @entity2 with allele-specific primers followed by allele-specific restriction digestion of the products. However, FcyRIIIb genotyping was done by allele-specific PCR. RESULTS: No significant difference in the distribution of FcyRIIa H/R and FcyRIIIa NA1/NA2 genotypes or their respective alleles was observed in GCP @entity0 and healthy subjects. For FcyRIIIa F/V genetic polymorphism, the homozygous V/V genotype and V allele were significantly overrepresented in GCP @entity0 while F/F genotype and F allele in controls. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that FcyRIIIa V/V genotype, as well as V allele, could be a possible risk factor for @entity3 in South Indian population.

title: Association of Fc gamma-receptors IIa, IIIa, and IIIb genetic polymorphism with susceptibility to XXXX in South Indian population.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: This study aimed at evaluating the anti-microbial activity of spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum on @entity2 isolated from @entity1 from @entity3 @entity0 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Written informed consent was obtained from each subject enrolled in the study. The Institutional Ethics Committee granted the ethical clearance for the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 20 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 . Pooled @entity1 samples were collected using sterile curettes from the deepest sites of periodontal pockets. The collected samples were then transported in 1 mL of reduced transport fluid. The organisms were cultured and confirmed. These organisms were then used for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) procedure. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Mean of the MIC value obtained was calculated. RESULTS: Thirteen out of the 20 clinical samples were tested that showed sensitivity at various concentrations. Five samples showed sensitivity at all concentrations. Twelve samples showed sensitivity at 8 mcg/ml. Eleven samples showed sensitivity at 4 mcg/ml, 8 samples showed sensitivity at 2 mcg/ml, and 5 samples showed sensitivity even at 1 mcg/ml. Mean MIC value of G. lucidum spore powder for @entity2 obtained was 3.62 mcg/ml. CONCLUSION: G. lucidum with its multipotential bioactivity could be used as an anti-microbial, in conjunction with conventional therapy in periodontal disease.

title: Evaluation of anti-microbial activity of spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum on clinical isolates of XXXX : A pilot study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The combination of major @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and prematurity is associated with poor prognosis, but previous studies have not fully characterized morbidity and mortality in this population. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of very low birth weight (VLBW) @entity0 with major @entity1 to describe outcomes, including mortality, over time. METHODS: We included all @entity0 <1500g birth weight with major @entity1 discharged from Pediatrix Medical Group neonatal intensive care units from 1997 to 2012. We report incidences of major @entity1 in VLBW @entity0 and compare mortality and morbidity by @entity0 birth weight, type of major @entity1 , and time period. RESULTS: Of 105,539 VLBW @entity0 , 299 (0.3%) were diagnosed with 15 different major CHDs. @entity4 (n=67, 22%), @entity3 (n=58, 19%), and tetralogy of Fallot (n=53, 18%) were the most common major CHDs identified. Overall mortality was 163/299 (55%). Mortality was >= 70% for 10 lesions and <30% for isolated @entity2 (6/30, 20%). Mortality in @entity0 with major @entity1 did not significantly change over time: 76/133 (57%) in 1997-2005, 49/95 (52%) in 2006-2009, and 38/71 (54%) in 2010-2012 (p=0.70). The majority of @entity0 suffered >= 1 comorbidity or died (218/299, 73%). CONCLUSION: Major @entity1 is associated with high morbidity and mortality. While mortality varies by lesion, overall survival and incidence of major morbidity have not improved over time.

title: Clinical outcomes in very low birth weight XXXX with major congenital heart defects.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early-stage @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are subject to locoregional and distant recurrence, as well as the formation of second @entity1 (SPLCs). The optimal surveillance regimen for @entity0 treated with SBRT for early-stage @entity3 remains unclear; we therefore investigated the posttreatment recurrence patterns and development of SPLCs. METHODS: Three hundred sixty-six @entity0 with pathologically proven inoperable early-stage @entity3 treated with SBRT between 2006 and 2013 were assessed. @entity0 underwent a computed tomographic (CT) scan of the chest every 3 months during years 1 and 2, every 6 months during years 3 and 4, and annually thereafter. Competing risk analysis was used for all time-to-event analyses. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 23 months, the 2-year cumulative incidence of local, nodal, and distant treatment failures were 12.2%, 16.1%, and 15.5%, respectively. In @entity0 with disease progression after SBRT (n  = 108), 84% (n  = 91) of cases occurred within the first 2 years. Five percent (n  = 19) of @entity0 experienced SPLCs. The median time to development of an SPLC was 16.5 months (range, 6.5-71.1 months), with 33% (n  = 6) of these @entity0 experiencing SPLCs after 2 years. None of the never smokers, but 4% of former @entity2 smokers and 15% of current @entity2 smokers, experienced an SPLC (P  = .005). CONCLUSION: Close monitoring with routine CT scans within the first 2 years after SBRT is effective in detecting early disease progression. In contrast, the risk for the development of an SPLC remains elevated beyond 2 years, particularly in former and current smokers.

title: Recurrence Patterns and Second Primary XXXX After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Implications for Surveillance.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among natural conceptions, advanced maternal age (>= 35 years) is associated with an increased risk of @entity2 . However, few studies have specifically examined this association in births resulting from @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 97   288 singleton and 40   961 twin pregnancies resulting from fresh non-donor @entity1 cycles using 2006-10 data from the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Online Reporting System. RESULTS: Rates of very early preterm (<28), early preterm (<32), and @entity2 (<37 completed weeks) decreased with increasing maternal age in both singleton and twin births (PTrend <0.01). With @entity0 aged 30-34 years as the reference, those aged <30 years were at an increased risk of all types of preterm births. The adjusted odd ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) for very early @entity2 , early @entity2 , and @entity2 in @entity0 aged 25-29 years were 1.3 [95% CI 1.1, 1.5], 1.2 [95% CI 1.1, 1.4], and 1.1 [95% CI 1.02, 1.2] in singletons. This increased risk of preterm births among younger @entity0 was even more significant in twin births. However, @entity0 aged >= 35 years were not at an increased risk of any type of preterm births in both singleton and twin births. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to natural conception, advanced maternal age is not associated with an increased risk of preterm births in pregnancies conceived by @entity1 . @entity0 who seek @entity1 treatments before 30 years old are at higher risk of all stages of preterm births.

title: Maternal age and preterm births in singleton and twin pregnancies conceived by XXXX in the United States.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The evaluation of a febrile @entity0 with acute @entity5 represents a frequent yet possibly challenging situation in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ). @entity6 is an uncommon complication of @entity7 , and may have a wide range of clinical presentations, from dramatic to more subtle. Its pathogenesis is still incompletely understood, yet it may be associated with the occurrence of transient prothrombotic factors. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 14-year-old @entity0 who presented with @entity2 , sore throat, left upper quadrant @entity5 , and @entity4 , with no history of @entity1 . Laboratory tests revealed a markedly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and positive @entity8 . Abdominal ultrasonography showed several hypoechoic areas in the spleen consistent with multiple @entity6 . Magnetic resonance imaging eventually confirmed the diagnosis. He was admitted for observation and supportive treatment, and was discharged in good condition after 7  days. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Spontaneous @entity6 should be considered in the differential list of @entity0 presenting with left upper quadrant @entity5 and features of @entity7 ; the diagnosis, however, may not be straightforward, as clinical presentation may also be subtle, and abdominal ultrasonography, which is often used as a first-line imaging modality in pediatric EDs, has low sensitivity in this scenario and may easily miss it. Furthermore, although treatment is mainly supportive, close observation for possible complications is necessary.

title: @entity6 in Acute XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The evaluation of a febrile @entity0 with acute @entity5 represents a frequent yet possibly challenging situation in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ). @entity6 is an uncommon complication of @entity7 , and may have a wide range of clinical presentations, from dramatic to more subtle. Its pathogenesis is still incompletely understood, yet it may be associated with the occurrence of transient prothrombotic factors. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 14-year-old @entity0 who presented with @entity2 , sore throat, left upper quadrant @entity5 , and @entity4 , with no history of @entity1 . Laboratory tests revealed a markedly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time and positive @entity8 . Abdominal ultrasonography showed several hypoechoic areas in the spleen consistent with multiple @entity6 . Magnetic resonance imaging eventually confirmed the diagnosis. He was admitted for observation and supportive treatment, and was discharged in good condition after 7  days. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Spontaneous @entity6 should be considered in the differential list of @entity0 presenting with left upper quadrant @entity5 and features of @entity7 ; the diagnosis, however, may not be straightforward, as clinical presentation may also be subtle, and abdominal ultrasonography, which is often used as a first-line imaging modality in pediatric EDs, has low sensitivity in this scenario and may easily miss it. Furthermore, although treatment is mainly supportive, close observation for possible complications is necessary.

title: XXXX in Acute @entity7 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: After neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) for locally advanced @entity1 , 15-27% of the @entity0 experience a pathological complete response (pCR). This observation raises the question as to whether invasive surgery could be avoided in a selected cohort of @entity0 who obtain a clinical complete response after preoperative RCT. In this respect, there has been growing interest in functional imaging techniques to improve clinical response assessment. This systematic review focuses on the role of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( @entity3 PET/CT) in the prediction of pCR after RCT for @entity1 . A total of 14 publications on @entity2 and 25 on @entity3 PET/CT were retrieved. Pooled analysis of individual @entity0 data shows both imaging modalities have a low positive predictive value in the prediction of pCR (mean @entity4 of 54% and 39% for @entity2 - and @entity3 PET/CT-based parameters respectively). Especially pre-RCT imaging is unable to predict pCR with overall accuracies of 68-72% for @entity2 and 44% for @entity3 PET/CT. Qualitative @entity2 assessment 5-10weeks after the end of RCT may outperform apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-based @entity2 -parameters (overall accuracy of 87% vs. 74-78%). Although few data are available, early changes in FDG-uptake seem promising in the prediction of pCR and the role of @entity3 PET/CT during RCT should be further investigated. Quantitative and qualitative @entity3 PET/CT measurements are equally effective in the assessment of pCR after RCT. The major strength of @entity2 and @entity3 PET/CT lies in the identification of non-responders who are not candidates for organ preservation. Up to now, @entity2 and @entity3 PET/CT are not accurate enough to safely select @entity0 for organ-sparing strategies. Future research must focus on the integration of functional imaging with clinical data and molecular biomarkers.

title: The role of diffusion-weighted MRI and XXXX PET/CT in the prediction of pathologic complete response after radiochemotherapy for @entity1 : A systematic review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: After neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) for locally advanced @entity1 , 15-27% of the @entity0 experience a pathological complete response (pCR). This observation raises the question as to whether invasive surgery could be avoided in a selected cohort of @entity0 who obtain a clinical complete response after preoperative RCT. In this respect, there has been growing interest in functional imaging techniques to improve clinical response assessment. This systematic review focuses on the role of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( @entity3 PET/CT) in the prediction of pCR after RCT for @entity1 . A total of 14 publications on @entity2 and 25 on @entity3 PET/CT were retrieved. Pooled analysis of individual @entity0 data shows both imaging modalities have a low positive predictive value in the prediction of pCR (mean @entity4 of 54% and 39% for @entity2 - and @entity3 PET/CT-based parameters respectively). Especially pre-RCT imaging is unable to predict pCR with overall accuracies of 68-72% for @entity2 and 44% for @entity3 PET/CT. Qualitative @entity2 assessment 5-10weeks after the end of RCT may outperform apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-based @entity2 -parameters (overall accuracy of 87% vs. 74-78%). Although few data are available, early changes in FDG-uptake seem promising in the prediction of pCR and the role of @entity3 PET/CT during RCT should be further investigated. Quantitative and qualitative @entity3 PET/CT measurements are equally effective in the assessment of pCR after RCT. The major strength of @entity2 and @entity3 PET/CT lies in the identification of non-responders who are not candidates for organ preservation. Up to now, @entity2 and @entity3 PET/CT are not accurate enough to safely select @entity0 for organ-sparing strategies. Future research must focus on the integration of functional imaging with clinical data and molecular biomarkers.

title: The role of diffusion-weighted MRI and @entity3 PET/CT in the prediction of pathologic complete response after radiochemotherapy for XXXX : A systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The @entity6 (MeHg) cycling at water-sediment interface in an @entity7 ( @entity7 )-polluted reservoir (Aha Reservoir) and a reference site (Hongfeng Reservoir) were investigated and compared. Both reservoirs are seasonal anoxic and alkaline. The concentrations of @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity0 , and @entity4 in Aha Reservoir were enriched compared to the reference levels in Hongfeng reservoir due to the @entity7 input. It was found that the MeHg accumulation layer in Aha Reservoir transitioned from the top sediment layer in winter to the water-sediment interface in spring and then to the overlying water above sediment in summer. It supported the assumption that spring methylation activity may start in sediments and migrate into the water column with seasonal variation. The weaker methylation in sediment during spring and summer was caused by the excessive @entity5 (   15-20   M) that reduced the bioavailability of @entity1 , while @entity2 reduction potential was in the optimal range for the methylation in the overlying water. This led to a transport flux of MeHg from water to sediment in spring and summer. In contrast, such inversion of MeHg accumulation layer did not occur in Hongfeng Reservoir. The @entity2 reduction potential was in the optimal range for the methylation in top sediment, and dissolved MeHg was positively related to @entity5 in pore water of Hongfeng Reservoir (r   =   0.67, p   <   0.001). This result suggested that accumulation of MeHg in lake water and cycling of MeHg at sediment-water interface associate with some sensitive environmental factors, such as @entity3 .

title: The impact of @entity7 on the XXXX cycling at the sediment-water interface in Aha Reservoir, Guizhou, China.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The @entity6 (MeHg) cycling at water-sediment interface in an @entity7 ( @entity7 )-polluted reservoir (Aha Reservoir) and a reference site (Hongfeng Reservoir) were investigated and compared. Both reservoirs are seasonal anoxic and alkaline. The concentrations of @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity0 , and @entity4 in Aha Reservoir were enriched compared to the reference levels in Hongfeng reservoir due to the @entity7 input. It was found that the MeHg accumulation layer in Aha Reservoir transitioned from the top sediment layer in winter to the water-sediment interface in spring and then to the overlying water above sediment in summer. It supported the assumption that spring methylation activity may start in sediments and migrate into the water column with seasonal variation. The weaker methylation in sediment during spring and summer was caused by the excessive @entity5 (   15-20   M) that reduced the bioavailability of @entity1 , while @entity2 reduction potential was in the optimal range for the methylation in the overlying water. This led to a transport flux of MeHg from water to sediment in spring and summer. In contrast, such inversion of MeHg accumulation layer did not occur in Hongfeng Reservoir. The @entity2 reduction potential was in the optimal range for the methylation in top sediment, and dissolved MeHg was positively related to @entity5 in pore water of Hongfeng Reservoir (r   =   0.67, p   <   0.001). This result suggested that accumulation of MeHg in lake water and cycling of MeHg at sediment-water interface associate with some sensitive environmental factors, such as @entity3 .

title: The impact of XXXX on the @entity6 cycling at the sediment-water interface in Aha Reservoir, Guizhou, China.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Motor vehicle crashes remain a leading cause of @entity2 in the United States (US). @entity4 due to @entity1 remains a @entity1 mechanism, and up to 90% of these @entity1 result in @entity2 on the scene. The objective of this study is to understand the modern risk factors and etiology of fatal @entity3 in the current US fleet. METHODS: Using a unique, linked, Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and Multiple Cause of @entity2 (MCOD) database from 2000-2010, 144,169 drivers over 16  years of age who suffered fatal @entity1 were identified. The merged database provides an unparalleled fidelity for identifying @entity3 due to motor vehicle accidents. @entity3 were defined by ICD-10 codes S250. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models for presence of any @entity3 were fitted. Age, gender, BMI weight categories, vehicle class, model year, crash type/direction, severity of @entity0 , airbag deployment location, and seatbelt use, @entity1 codes, and location of injury were considered. Odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) are calculated. RESULTS: There were 2953 deaths (2.10%) related to @entity3 that met the inclusion criteria. Nearside crashes were associated with an increased odds (OR = 1.42, 1.1-1.83), while rollover crashes (OR =.44,.29-.66) were associated with a reduced odds of fatal @entity3 . Using backward selection on the full multivariate model, the only significant model effects that remained were vehicle type, crash type, body region, and @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The increased prevalence of fatal @entity3 in nearside crashes, increasing age, and vehicle type provide some insight into the current US fleet. Important factors, including model year, had significantly lower levels of the injury in univariate analysis, demonstrating the effect of safety improvements in newer model vehicles. Further study of this @entity1 is warranted, including comparisons of those who survive the injury.

title: Etiology of fatal XXXX : Secondary data analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: To evaluate the influence of antibiotic regimen on the duration of latency (time from @entity3 [ @entity3 ] to delivery) and significant infectious neonatal morbidity from rupture of membranes to delivery < 37 weeks' gestational age in @entity0 known to be @entity2 ( @entity2 ) positive. Methods: We obtained data from the Nova Scotia Atlee Perinatal Database. In a retrospective, cohort, population-based study, we included pregnancies complicated by @entity3 but excluded pregnancies in this group requiring immediate delivery. The cohort was categorized by antibiotic regimen (single vs. multiple agents) and we compared latency and adverse neonatal outcomes according to antibiotic regimen used. Summary characteristics were compared using chi-square analysis with significance < 0.05. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and mean differences for all outcomes and to account for confounding variables. Results: From 1988 to 2011, the potential study population was 119 158 pregnancies. In total, 3435 deliveries were identified to be @entity3 (3%). Of these, 303 mother-baby pairs (9%) were known to be @entity2 positive by urine or swab culture. Adjusted comparisons of latency and @entity1 showed no difference according to antibiotic regimen (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The 2013 SOGC guideline on @entity2 prophylaxis recommends antibiotic therapy in @entity0 with @entity3 for both latency and prevention of @entity2 -related @entity1 . This clinically relevant evaluation in a select preterm group demonstrated that type of antibiotic regimen did not influence either latency with @entity3 and @entity2 positive culture or rates of @entity1 . Ongoing evaluation of serious neonatal outcomes is essential in view of this new recommendation.

title: Is Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Latency Influenced by Single Versus Multiple Agent Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Group B Streptococcus Positive XXXX Delivering Preterm?

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: Neuroprotective effects of @entity4 may explain surprisingly high survival rates reported after drowning in cold water despite prolonged submersion. We described a cohort of refractory hypothermic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) due to drowning treated by extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and aimed to identify criteria associated with 24-h survival. METHODS: Eleven-year period (2002-2012) retrospective study in the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary hospital (European Hospital Georges Pompidou, Paris, France). All consecutive hypothermic @entity0 admitted for refractory @entity3 after drowning in the Seine River were included. @entity0 with core temperature below 30  C and submersion duration of less than 1h were potentially eligible for ECLS resuscitation. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity0 were admitted directly to the ICU during the study period. ECLS was initiated in 20 @entity0 (47%). Among these 20 @entity0 , only four (9%) survived more than 24h. A first hospital core temperature  <=26  C and a @entity2 serum level between 4.2 and 6mM at hospital admission have a sensitivity of 100% [95%CI: 28-100%] and a specificity of 100% [95%CI: 71-100%] to discriminate @entity0 who survived more than 24h. Overall survival at ICU discharge and at 6-months was 5% [95%CI: 1-16%] (two @entity0 ). CONCLUSIONS: Despite @entity0 @entity4 and @entity1 resuscitation with ECLS, the observed survival rate is low in the present cohort. Like existing algorithms for ECLS management in avalanche victims, we recommend to use first core temperature and @entity2 serum level to indicate ECLS for refractory @entity3 due to drowning.

title: Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for refractory XXXX after drowning: An 11-year experience.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the cost-utility of @entity1 surgery in @entity0 with advanced @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: @entity0 who were diagnosed as having and treated for age-related @entity1 and with a history of advanced @entity2 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, were included in the study. All of the @entity0 underwent successful phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation under retrobulbar anesthesia. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and utility value elicited by time trade-off method from @entity0 at 3-month postoperative time were compared with those before surgery. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained in a lifetime were calculated at a 3% annual discounted rate. Costs per QALY gained were calculated using the bootstrap method, and probabilities of being cost-effective were presented using a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS: Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA in the operated eye increased from 1.37    0.5 (Snellen, 20/469) to 0.98    0.25 (Snellen, 20/191) (p < 0.001); BCVA in the weighted average from both eyes (=75% better eye + 25% worse eye) was changed from 1.13    0.22 (Snellen, 20/270) to 0.96    0.17 (Snellen, 20/182) (p < 0.001). Utility values from both @entity0 and doctors increased significantly after surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007). @entity0 gained 1.17 QALYs by @entity1 surgery in their lifetime. The cost per QALY was 8835 Chinese yuan (CNY) (1400 U.S. dollars [USD]). It is cost-effective at the threshold of 115,062 CNY (18,235 USD) per QALY in China recommended by the World Health Organization. The cost per QALY varied from 7045 CNY (1116 USD) to 94,178 CNY (14,925 USD) in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity and quality of life assessed by utility value improved significantly after surgery. @entity1 surgery was a cost-effective intervention for @entity0 with coexistent @entity2 .

title: Cost-Utility Analyses of XXXX Surgery in Advanced Age-Related @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the cost-utility of @entity1 surgery in @entity0 with advanced @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: @entity0 who were diagnosed as having and treated for age-related @entity1 and with a history of advanced @entity2 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, were included in the study. All of the @entity0 underwent successful phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation under retrobulbar anesthesia. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and utility value elicited by time trade-off method from @entity0 at 3-month postoperative time were compared with those before surgery. Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained in a lifetime were calculated at a 3% annual discounted rate. Costs per QALY gained were calculated using the bootstrap method, and probabilities of being cost-effective were presented using a cost-effectiveness acceptability curve. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results. RESULTS: Mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA in the operated eye increased from 1.37    0.5 (Snellen, 20/469) to 0.98    0.25 (Snellen, 20/191) (p < 0.001); BCVA in the weighted average from both eyes (=75% better eye + 25% worse eye) was changed from 1.13    0.22 (Snellen, 20/270) to 0.96    0.17 (Snellen, 20/182) (p < 0.001). Utility values from both @entity0 and doctors increased significantly after surgery (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007). @entity0 gained 1.17 QALYs by @entity1 surgery in their lifetime. The cost per QALY was 8835 Chinese yuan (CNY) (1400 U.S. dollars [USD]). It is cost-effective at the threshold of 115,062 CNY (18,235 USD) per QALY in China recommended by the World Health Organization. The cost per QALY varied from 7045 CNY (1116 USD) to 94,178 CNY (14,925 USD) in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity and quality of life assessed by utility value improved significantly after surgery. @entity1 surgery was a cost-effective intervention for @entity0 with coexistent @entity2 .

title: Cost-Utility Analyses of @entity1 Surgery in Advanced Age-Related XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We present a protocol to estimate the solvent-induced broadening of electronic spectra based on a model that explicitly takes into account the environment embedding the solute. Starting from a classical approximation of the solvent contribution to the spectrum, the broadening arises from the spread of the excitation energies due to the fluctuation of the solvent coordinates, and it is represented as a Gaussian line shape that convolutes the vibronic spectrum of the solute. The latter is computed in harmonic approximation at room temperature with a time-dependent approach. The proposed protocol for the computation of spectral broadening exploits @entity0 ( @entity0 ) simulations performed on the solute-solvent system, keeping the solute degrees of freedom frozen, followed by the computation of the excitation properties with a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach. The factors that might influence each step of the protocol are analyzed in detail, including the selection of the empirical force field (FF) adopted in the @entity0 simulations and the QM/MM partition of the system to compute the excitation energies. The procedure is applied to a family of @entity1 dyes, and the results are compared with experiments and with the predictions of a very recent work (Cerezo et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 11401-11411 ), where an implicit model was adopted for the solvent. The final spectra of the considered @entity2 were obtained without including ad hoc phenomenological parameters and indicate that the broadenings computed with explicit and implicit models both follow the experimental trend, increasing as the polarity change from the initial to the final state increases. More in detail, the implicit model provides larger estimations of the broadening that are closer to the experimental evidence, while explicit models appear to better capture relative differences arising from different solvents or different solutes. Possible inaccuracies of the adopted FF that may lead to the observed underestimation are analyzed in detail.

title: Modeling Solvent Broadening on the Vibronic Spectra of a Series of XXXX Dyes. From Implicit to Explicit Solvent Models.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen owing to its increasing resistance to most, if not all, antibiotics in clinical use. We recently reported the occurrence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) A. baumannii isolates in a Malaysian tertiary hospital. The genome of one of these XDR isolates (A. baumannii AC12) was completely sequenced and comparative genome analyses were performed to elucidate the genetic basis of its antimicrobial resistance. The A. baumannii AC12 genome consists of a 3.8Mbp circular chromosome and an 8731bp cryptic plasmid, pAC12. It belongs to the ST195 lineage and is most closely related to A. baumannii BJAB0715 as well as other strains of the international clone III (IC-III) group. Two antibiotic resistance islands (RIs), designated AC12-RI1 and AC12-RI2, were found in the AC12 chromosome along with a 7kb Tn1548::armA island conferring resistance to @entity0 and @entity5 . The 22.8kb AC12-RI1 interrupts the comM gene and harbours the @entity1 resistance gene blaOXA-23 flanked by ISAba1 within a Tn2006-like structure. AC12-RI1 also harbours resistance determinants for @entity0 , @entity2 and sulphonamides. The 10.3kb IS26-flanked AC12-RI2 is a derivative of AbGRI2-1, containing aphA1b and blaTEM genes (conferring @entity4 and b-lactam resistance, respectively). The presence of numerous genes mediating resistance to various antibiotics in novel RI structures as well as other genes encoding drug transporters and efflux pumps in A. baumannii AC12 most likely contributed to its XDR characteristics.

title: Whole-genome analysis of an extensively drug-resistant clinical isolate of XXXX AC12: Insights into the mechanisms of resistance of an ST195 clone from Malaysia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: During a 2-week period in May 1983 Eshowe Hospital inpatients were screened for @entity2 and positive cases were found on all the wards that were investigated. The high incidence among paediatric @entity0 suggested the possibility of an epidemic in the community and/or @entity1 within the ward. At this time 9 paediatric nurses were found to have @entity2 -positive stools and subsequently 8 @entity0 contracted @entity2 after admission to hospital. The possibility of @entity1 by @entity0 -to- @entity0 transmission is suggested. In the second part of this study, our clinical experience of @entity2 among inpatients during the period January 1983 - March 1984 is reviewed. The number of @entity0 in hospital with @entity2 -positive stools decreased sharply during the winter months; this was possibly related to variations in both temperature and rainfall. The full range of symptomatology was seen and several @entity0 had repeated episodes of proven @entity2 . The mortality was highest in bottlefed babies who were malnourished or under 1 year of age. Between 30 May and 15 June 1983, 293 consecutive @entity0 attending the paediatric outpatients department were screened for @entity2 ; 99 cases were confirmed. Thus @entity2 was shown to be present in the paediatric community outside Eshowe Hospital. Diagnosis based on the history and clinical findings proved unreliable and laboratory investigation was essential. Rivers were the most common and dangerous source of domestic water. The majority of accompanying adults questioned were using untreated water or failing to treat the water adequately.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cholera in XXXX at Eshowe Hospital.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption-in particular drinking volume (DV) and risky single occasion drinking (RSOD)-has been related to a wide range of negative consequences and health problems. Previous studies also suggested that drinking in certain locations may be more strongly associated with the occurrence of alcohol-related harm than drinking in others. However, they were conducted in countries culturally and legally different from European countries and were limited to cross-sectional designs. This study investigates the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of alcohol-related harm with @entity1 in different locations in a sample of young Swiss @entity0 . METHODS: A representative sample of 4536 young Swiss male drinkers completed baseline and 15-month follow-up questionnaires. These assessed @entity1 in 11 locations, alcohol-related harm (i.e. number of alcohol-related consequences and alcohol use disorder criteria) and frequency of RSOD. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of alcohol-related harm with @entity1 in each location were tested using regression models, with and without adjustment for frequency of RSOD. RESULTS: Both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses showed significant positive associations between alcohol-related harm and @entity1 at friends' homes, in discos/nightclubs and in outdoor public places, when controlling for frequency of RSOD. In contrast, the contribution of @entity1 at one's own home and in restaurants was consistently not significant when adjusted for frequency of RSOD. When controlling for RSOD, associations between alcohol-related harm and @entity1 in bars/pubs, when playing sports, during other leisure activities, at cinemas/theatres, during sporting events, and during special events were not consistent between cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that prevention interventions should not only target reducing the overall volume of alcohol consumed and the frequency of RSOD in general, but they should additionally focus on limiting alcohol consumption in outdoor public places, discos/nightclubs, and in friends' homes in particular, or at least on preventing harm occurring in these occasions.

title: Drinking locations and alcohol-related harm: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a sample of young Swiss XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The main objective is the study of the evolution of the number of incident cases of @entity2 in France from 2001 to 2012 from 5 hospital centers of urology. The secondary objective is to describe the characteristics of the incident cases and to compare them to those of the @entity0 of the national registers of @entity1 for the period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective observational multicentric study from 01/01/2001 to 31/12/2012 of databases in 5 French, public and private hospital centers of urology. The inclusive centers were selected outside departments with @entity1 register. The collected data were the prostatic biopsies performed in every center and the number of positive biopsies. The biopsies in cases of already known @entity1 and in re-evaluation were excluded. The data of age and stage (PSA and Gleason grade) were collected. The estimation of the incidence standardized in France is established after a period of observation of 3  years. The data updated in 2009 show a peak of incidence in 2005 then a decrease from 2006 (64,518 cases) until 2009 (53,465 cases). The median age in the diagnosis was of 70 years in 2005. RESULTS: Overall, 18,392 prostatic biopsies were included in the analysis. The average rate of positive biopsies was stable over the period 51.41% (IQR 0,02). The total number of cases of positive biopsies increased from 2001 to 2007 (482 cases in 1028 cases) in 2007, then decreased from 2008 to 2012 (649 cases). There was no difference in this variation between the centers. The median age in the diagnosis was of 70 years (EIQ=1.5) in 2001 and 68 years (EIQ=2.75) in 2012. PSA at diagnosis was<10ng/mL in 65% of cases and 10 to 20ng/mL in 22% of cases in 2012. The population of @entity0 of the study differed significantly from that of FRANCIM on the distribution by age ranges (year 2005, P<0.0001 and year 2009, P<0.001), which explains the gap of one year (on 2007 instead of 2006) of the peak of incidental cases. CONCLUSION: The evolution of the number of incidental cases of @entity2 in France from 2001 to 2012 from hospital data of 5  centers are similar to those of the network of registers representative of the French population. This observed evolution represents data available for @entity1 registers to estimate incidence variation between 2  publications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

title: [Evolution of the number of incident cases of XXXX in France from 2001 to 2012 from 5 hospital centers.]

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The evidence on the association between @entity6 use and @entity3 is contradictory, with many studies subject to allocation bias. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of exposure to @entity6 on @entity3 risk internationally across several cohorts. The potential for allocation bias was minimised by focusing on the cumulative effect of @entity6 as the primary endpoint using a time-dependent approach. METHODS: Prescription, @entity1 and mortality data from @entity0 with type 2 @entity2 were obtained from six populations across the world (British Columbia, Finland, Manchester, Rotterdam, Scotland and the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink). A discrete time failure analysis using Poisson regression was applied separately to data from each centre to model the effect of cumulative drug exposure on @entity3 incidence, with time-dependent adjustment for ever use of @entity6 . These were then pooled using fixed and random effects meta-regression. RESULTS: Data were collated on 1.01 million @entity0 over 5.9 million @entity0 -years. There were 3,248 cases of incident @entity3 , with 117 exposed cases and a median follow-up duration of 4.0 to 7.4  years. Overall, there was no evidence for any association between cumulative exposure to @entity6 and @entity3 in @entity0 (rate ratio [RR] per 100  days of cumulative exposure, 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06) or @entity0 ( @entity4 .04; 95% CI 0.97, 1.11) after adjustment for age, calendar year, @entity2 duration, smoking and any ever use of @entity6 . No association was observed between @entity5 and @entity3 in @entity0 ( @entity4 .01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.03) or @entity0 ( @entity4 .00; 95% CI 0.94, 1.07). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The cumulative use of @entity6 or @entity5 was not associated with the incidence of @entity3 in this large, pooled multipopulation analysis.

title: XXXX and @entity3 risk: a multipopulation pooled, cumulative exposure analysis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The evidence on the association between @entity6 use and @entity3 is contradictory, with many studies subject to allocation bias. The aim of our study was to examine the effect of exposure to @entity6 on @entity3 risk internationally across several cohorts. The potential for allocation bias was minimised by focusing on the cumulative effect of @entity6 as the primary endpoint using a time-dependent approach. METHODS: Prescription, @entity1 and mortality data from @entity0 with type 2 @entity2 were obtained from six populations across the world (British Columbia, Finland, Manchester, Rotterdam, Scotland and the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink). A discrete time failure analysis using Poisson regression was applied separately to data from each centre to model the effect of cumulative drug exposure on @entity3 incidence, with time-dependent adjustment for ever use of @entity6 . These were then pooled using fixed and random effects meta-regression. RESULTS: Data were collated on 1.01 million @entity0 over 5.9 million @entity0 -years. There were 3,248 cases of incident @entity3 , with 117 exposed cases and a median follow-up duration of 4.0 to 7.4  years. Overall, there was no evidence for any association between cumulative exposure to @entity6 and @entity3 in @entity0 (rate ratio [RR] per 100  days of cumulative exposure, 1.01; 95% CI 0.97, 1.06) or @entity0 ( @entity4 .04; 95% CI 0.97, 1.11) after adjustment for age, calendar year, @entity2 duration, smoking and any ever use of @entity6 . No association was observed between @entity5 and @entity3 in @entity0 ( @entity4 .01; 95% CI 0.98, 1.03) or @entity0 ( @entity4 .00; 95% CI 0.94, 1.07). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: The cumulative use of @entity6 or @entity5 was not associated with the incidence of @entity3 in this large, pooled multipopulation analysis.

title: @entity6 and XXXX risk: a multipopulation pooled, cumulative exposure analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The benefit of manual thrombus aspiration (TA) in the reperfusion of @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has been hotly debated. In most series, failure of TA has been largely unreported. Our objectives were to assess the rate, predictors, and impact on cumulative mortality of failed TA during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective study of consecutive @entity1 @entity0 undergoing PPCI with TA. TA was considered ineffective if, before angioplasty, coronary flow was TIMI <2. Independent predictors of TA failure were assessed by logistic regression, and predictors of cumulative mortality were assessed by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 574 @entity0 , TA was used in 417 (72.6%), and was effective in 365 (87.5%) and ineffective in 52 (12.5%). On multivariate analysis, SYNTAX score (OR=1.049, 95% CI: 1.015-1.084, p=0.005) and total ischemic time (OR=1.001, 95% CI: 1.000-1.003, p=0.02) were independent predictors of TA failure. Moderate or severe @entity2 (HR=6.256, 95% CI: 1.896-20.644, p=0.003), APPROACH score (HR=1.094, 95% CI: 1.016-1.177, p=0.017), Killip class III/IV (HR=2.953, 95% CI: 1.122-7.770, p=0.028) and @entity3 clearance on admission (HR=0.973, 95% CI: 0.953-0.994, p=0.011) were independently related to cumulative mortality at 24  0.82 months. CONCLUSIONS: Total ischemic time and SYNTAX score were independent predictors of TA failure. However, in medium-term follow-up, ineffective manual TA was not independently related to cumulative mortality.

title: Thrombus aspiration for reperfusion in XXXX : Predictors and clinical impact of ineffectiveness.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The glucagon stimulation test (GST) is a reliable measure for assessing @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity10 (ACTH) secretion. The GST is considered to be a safe test, with few mild side effects, especially in adults and in the elderly in whom underlying co-morbidities may be present. OBJECTIVE: To describe the side effects of the GST in elderly @entity0 . DESIGN AND SETTING: The study was performed with @entity0 of the geriatric ambulatory of our hospital who were recruited to voluntarily participate in a research study concerning the @entity9 and ACTH axis in the elderly @entity0 . Forty-two subjects (n=5 males and 37 females) aged 67-88 years, without @entity8 , were submitted to the GST. The GST was performed by intramuscular injection of 1mg of glucagon. Blood samples were collected at baseline, and 90, 120, 150, and 180min after glucagon injection for @entity9 and @entity6 measurements. RESULTS: During the test, 9 subjects (21.4%) had side effects, which included: @entity2 (14.2%), indisposition (11.9%), @entity5 (9.5%), @entity3 (7.1%), sweating (4.7%), and @entity7 (2.3%). There were four cases of severe symptomatic @entity5 , with inaudible blood pressure in two cases. In one case of severe @entity5 , the subject suffered two episodes of generalized tonic @entity4 . @entity0 who had side effects at GST had statistically higher peak of @entity6 (28.9  6.67 g/dL) and a statistical trend to higher @entity9 peak (8.74  5.96 g/L). In the group of @entity0 who did not have side effects, the mean @entity6 and @entity9 peak were 19.05  5.36 g/dL and 5.32  3.52 g/L, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although the GST is a reliable alternative test to the ITT, it should be cautiously used in the elderly because this population may have co-morbidities including vascular and @entity1 that could be potentiated with side effects of the test, such as severe @entity5 .

title: Potential risks of glucagon stimulation test in elderly XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: Postoperative @entity4 (POPF) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Thus, a number of technical modifications regarding the pancreatoenteric @entity2 after PD have been proposed to reduce POPF rate. In this article we focused on evaluating whether the double layer continuous suture technique was better than the double layer interrupted suture technique in pancreatic-enteric @entity2 after PD. Material and methods: From 2012 to 2013, 114 @entity0 (67 @entity0 and 47 @entity0 ) underwent a pancreatic-enteric @entity2 after PD were analysed. There were 79 @entity0 using the double layer continuous suture technique and 35 @entity0 were using the double layer interrupted suture technique. The operation time, intraoperative @entity1 , initial postoperative day of oral feeding, postoperative hospital stay and the presence of @entity3 ( @entity4 ) were evaluated by chi-square test or unpaired t-test in this study. Results: @entity4 occurred in @entity0 with double layer continuous suture was 17.14%(6/35), and in those with interrupted suture was 39.24%(31/79) (p  <  0.05). Grade A of POPF was found in 4 @entity0 (4/35, 11.43%) of the double layer continuous suture group and in 5 @entity0 (5/79, 6.33%) of the double layer interrupted suture group. Grade B of POPF was identified only in 1 @entity0 (1/35, 2.83%) of the double layer continuous suture group and in 23 @entity0 (23/79, 29.11%) of the double layer interrupted suture group. The presence of Grade C @entity4 was only documented in one @entity0  in the double layer continuous suture group and 3 @entity0 in the interrupted suture group. No operative or in-hospital deaths occurred. Conclusions: The double-layer continuous suturing after PD is safe, reliable, rapid, favorable and associated with a lower risk of @entity4 than the double layer interrupted suture.

title: Pancreaticojejunostomy with double-layer continuous suturing is associated with a lower risk of XXXX after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A comparative study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Smoking during pregnancy is the most important, preventable cause of adverse pregnancy outcomes including @entity3 , @entity1 , and low birth weight with huge financial costs to the National Health Service. However, there are very few published economic evaluations of smoking cessation interventions in pregnancy and previous studies are predominantly U.S.-based and do not present incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER). A number of studies have demonstrated cost-effectiveness of @entity2 replacement therapy (NRT) in the general population, but this has yet to be tested among pregnant smokers. METHODS: A cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken alongside the smoking, @entity2 , and pregnancy trial to compare NRT patches plus behavioral support to behavioral support alone, for pregnant @entity0 who smoked. RESULTS: At delivery, biochemically verified quit rates were slightly higher at 9.4% in the NRT group compared to 7.6% in the control group (odds ratio = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.82-1.96), at an increased cost of around   90 per @entity0 . Higher costs in the NRT group were mainly attributable to the cost of NRT patches (mean =   46.07). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio associated with NRT was   4,926 per quitter and a sensitivity analysis including only singleton births yielded an ICER of   4,156 per quitter. However, wide confidence intervals indicated a high level of uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS: Without a specific willingness to pay threshold, and due to high levels of statistical uncertainty, it is hard to determine the cost-effectiveness of NRT in this population. Furthermore, future research should address compliance issues, as these may dilute any potential effects of NRT, thus reducing the cost-effectiveness.

title: Cost-Effectiveness of XXXX Patches for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: A Placebo Randomized Controlled Trial (SNAP).

answer: @entity2


abstract: The acute hemodynamic effects of 20 to 50 mg of orally administered @entity3 were evaluated in 31 @entity0 with severe chronic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and the results were analyzed according to the response of the cardiac index (CI). Although the group mean value of CI increased significantly after @entity3 treatment (from 2.1 +/- 0.5 to 2.4 +/- 0.8 liters/min/m2, p less than 0.001), the individual response was variable. Twenty of the @entity0 had 15% or greater increase in CI (group A) and 11 @entity0 had less than a 15% increase or a decrease in CI (group B). Marked differences were also noted in the effects of @entity3 on other hemodynamic variables. @entity1 volume increased 29 +/- 14% in group A and decreased 11 +/- 18% in group B (p less than 0.001). Systemic vascular resistance decreased 34 +/- 11% in group A (p less than 0.001) and increased slightly, 2 +/- 28%, in group B. Left ventricular (LV) @entity1 work index increased 11 +/- 19% in group A (p less than 0.001) and decreased markedly in Group B (21 +/- 20%). Six group B @entity0 had a substantial worsening (20% or more) of one or more hemodynamic measurements, including CI, @entity1 volume index, @entity1 work index and mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure. A comparison of control hemodynamic values at rest, LV ejection fraction, associated @entity2 , @entity3 dose, and concomitant diuretic therapy revealed no significant differences between the 2 groups. This study confirms, in a large group of @entity0 with severe @entity4 , the variable hemodynamic effects of @entity3 therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Spectrum of acute hemodynamic effects of @entity3 in severe XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The acute hemodynamic effects of 20 to 50 mg of orally administered @entity3 were evaluated in 31 @entity0 with severe chronic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and the results were analyzed according to the response of the cardiac index (CI). Although the group mean value of CI increased significantly after @entity3 treatment (from 2.1 +/- 0.5 to 2.4 +/- 0.8 liters/min/m2, p less than 0.001), the individual response was variable. Twenty of the @entity0 had 15% or greater increase in CI (group A) and 11 @entity0 had less than a 15% increase or a decrease in CI (group B). Marked differences were also noted in the effects of @entity3 on other hemodynamic variables. @entity1 volume increased 29 +/- 14% in group A and decreased 11 +/- 18% in group B (p less than 0.001). Systemic vascular resistance decreased 34 +/- 11% in group A (p less than 0.001) and increased slightly, 2 +/- 28%, in group B. Left ventricular (LV) @entity1 work index increased 11 +/- 19% in group A (p less than 0.001) and decreased markedly in Group B (21 +/- 20%). Six group B @entity0 had a substantial worsening (20% or more) of one or more hemodynamic measurements, including CI, @entity1 volume index, @entity1 work index and mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure. A comparison of control hemodynamic values at rest, LV ejection fraction, associated @entity2 , @entity3 dose, and concomitant diuretic therapy revealed no significant differences between the 2 groups. This study confirms, in a large group of @entity0 with severe @entity4 , the variable hemodynamic effects of @entity3 therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Spectrum of acute hemodynamic effects of XXXX in severe @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The DNA sequence upstream of the @entity4 dehydrogenase gene (gap) of various strains of bifidobacteria is used in a number of vector systems for homologous and heterologous expression in this group of bacteria. To date none of the bifidobacterial gap promoters (Pgap) have been verified experimentally. Here, we probe a range of putative bifidobacterial promoters hypothesized to show high constitutive transcriptional activity using a b-glucuronidase reporter system. In silico analysis revealed a predicted bacterial promoter upstream of the gap gene of @entity5 . The corresponding DNA sequences was cloned into the promoter probe vector pMDY23 and yielded highest reporter activities among the promoter sequences tested confirming previous studies. Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'-RACE), we identified the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of Pgap of @entity5 . The experimentally determined @entity1 and the associated -10 and -35 regions do not match with the promoter predicted in silico. Moreover, a potential @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was identified upstream of the ATG start codon of the gap gene, which is complementary to the 3'-end of the 16S rRNA with only 1 mismatch suggesting efficient initiation of translation. Alignment of the Pgap sequences of a number of representative bifidobacteria showed a high level of conservation and the presence of -35 and -10 regions, which are similar but not identical to the consensus promoter sequences of house-keeping genes of @entity0 and @entity3 . Collectively, these results confirm the suitability of Pgap for high level, constitutive expression in bifidobacteria.

title: Experimental determination and characterization of the gap promoter of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) is a powerful tool for model-based inference of demographic histories from large genetic data sets. For most organisms, its implementation has been hampered by the lack of sufficient genetic data. @entity0 ( @entity0 ) provides cheap genome-scale data to fill this gap, but its potential has not fully been exploited. Here, we explored power, precision and biases of a coalescent-based ABC approach where @entity0 data were modelled with either a population mutation parameter (  ) or a fixed site (FS) approach, allowing single or several segregating sites per locus. With simulated data ranging from 500 to 50  000 loci, a variety of demographic models could be reliably inferred across a range of timescales and migration scenarios. Posterior estimates were informative with 1000 loci for migration and split time in simple population divergence models. In more complex models, posterior distributions were wide and almost reverted to the uninformative prior even with 50  000 loci. ABC parameter estimates, however, were generally more accurate than an alternative composite-likelihood method. Bottleneck scenarios proved particularly difficult, and only recent bottlenecks without recovery could be reliably detected and dated. Notably, minor-allele-frequency filters - usual practice for @entity0 data - negatively affected nearly all estimates. With this in mind, we used a combination of FS and    approaches on empirical @entity0 data generated from the @entity1 ( @entity1 ), collectively providing support for a population split before the last glacial maximum followed by asymmetrical migration and a high Arctic bottleneck. Overall, this study evaluates the potential and limitations of @entity0 data in an ABC-coalescence framework and proposes a best-practice approach.

title: Demographic inferences using short-read genomic data in an approximate Bayesian computation framework: in silico evaluation of power, biases and proof of concept in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECT: We present our experience with surgery of @entity6 with special consideration of clinical presentation, surgical technique, complications, and outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective study includes three @entity0 with @entity6 treated by the senior author between January 2005 and December 2010. The initial symptom for which they sought medical help was decreased hearing. In all of the @entity0 there had been no other @entity2 before surgery. The transcondylar approach with sigmoid sinus ligation at jugular bulb was suitable in each case. RESULTS: No @entity4 occurred in this series. All of the @entity0 deteriorated after surgery mainly due to the new lower @entity3 occurred. The @entity3 had improved considerably at the last follow-up examination but no @entity0 fully recovered. Two of three @entity0 with preoperatively impaired yet functional hearing deteriorated after surgery with no subsequent cranial nerve @entity5 function improvement. In one case postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery was performed due to non-radical @entity1 resection (Simpson Grade IV) and @entity1 remnant proved stable in the 4-year follow-up. None of the @entity0 have shown signs of @entity1 recurrence in the mean follow-up period of 56 months. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 represent one of the rarest subgroups of @entity6 and their surgical treatment is associated with significant risk of permanent @entity3 .

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: From 1977 to 1982, 13 @entity0 with @entity4 arising in the distal esophagus lined by columnar epithelium underwent esophagectomy with detailed analysis of the pathologic specimen. In three @entity0 , @entity2 was detected before @entity5 occurred. In five @entity0 , the ectopic mucosa was discontinuous, prolonged cranially by islands of columnar epithelium scattered in the squamous mucosa. Variable degrees of @entity5 were found in the columnar epithelium in seven specimens in areas of intestinal metaplasia. In four @entity0 with high-grade @entity5 , several foci of @entity2 were identified. They were scattered over the whole length of the ectopic mucosa. These data strongly suggest that @entity4 develops from @entity5 , the real @entity1 . Careful periodic screening must be carried out in @entity0 identified as having @entity3 . @entity5 may be detected and located by endoscopy with dye spraying with directed biopsies. @entity0 with high-grade @entity5 should undergo esophagectomy with resection of the whole ectopic mucosa because they are at high risk for development of @entity2 .

title: XXXX in columnar-lined @entity3 . Analysis of 13 esophagectomies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: From 1977 to 1982, 13 @entity0 with @entity4 arising in the distal esophagus lined by columnar epithelium underwent esophagectomy with detailed analysis of the pathologic specimen. In three @entity0 , @entity2 was detected before @entity5 occurred. In five @entity0 , the ectopic mucosa was discontinuous, prolonged cranially by islands of columnar epithelium scattered in the squamous mucosa. Variable degrees of @entity5 were found in the columnar epithelium in seven specimens in areas of intestinal metaplasia. In four @entity0 with high-grade @entity5 , several foci of @entity2 were identified. They were scattered over the whole length of the ectopic mucosa. These data strongly suggest that @entity4 develops from @entity5 , the real @entity1 . Careful periodic screening must be carried out in @entity0 identified as having @entity3 . @entity5 may be detected and located by endoscopy with dye spraying with directed biopsies. @entity0 with high-grade @entity5 should undergo esophagectomy with resection of the whole ectopic mucosa because they are at high risk for development of @entity2 .

title: @entity4 in columnar-lined XXXX . Analysis of 13 esophagectomies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To evaluate the effect of Bicitra (Willen Drug Company, Baltimore, Maryland), a commercial preparation of @entity2 and @entity1 , on gastric contents 150 elective outpatients allocated into six groups with 25 @entity0 in each group were studied. @entity0 in Group 1 served as controls. @entity0 in Groups 2, 3, 5, and 6 received Bicitra, po, either 15 ml (Groups 2 and 5) or 30 ml (Groups 3 and 6). In addition, @entity0 in Groups 5 and 6 also received @entity1 10 mg, iv; Group 4 @entity0 received @entity1 10 mg, iv. Eighty-eight per cent of @entity0 in the control group had a gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5, while 36% had a gastric content volume greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5. Bicitra, 15 ml and 30 ml, po, increased mean gastric pH and decreased the proportion of @entity0 with a gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5 to 32 and 16%, respectively, in Groups 2 and 3. However, Bicitra 15 ml and 30 ml, increased the mean gastric volume in Group 3 and also increased the proportion of @entity0 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml to 56% in Group 2 and 84% in Group 3. The addition of @entity1 10 mg, iv, to Bicitra reduced the proportion of @entity0 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml in Groups 5 and 6 to 28 and 36%, respectively. @entity1 (Group 6) independently reduced mean gastric volume (15.6 ml vs. 32.7 ml) and the proportion of @entity0 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml (20% vs. 36%). Bicitra and @entity1 combination significantly reduced the proportion of @entity0 with gastric contents greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5.

title: Bicitra ( @entity2 ) and XXXX in outpatient anesthesia for prophylaxis against aspiration pneumonitis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: To evaluate the effect of Bicitra (Willen Drug Company, Baltimore, Maryland), a commercial preparation of @entity2 and @entity1 , on gastric contents 150 elective outpatients allocated into six groups with 25 @entity0 in each group were studied. @entity0 in Group 1 served as controls. @entity0 in Groups 2, 3, 5, and 6 received Bicitra, po, either 15 ml (Groups 2 and 5) or 30 ml (Groups 3 and 6). In addition, @entity0 in Groups 5 and 6 also received @entity1 10 mg, iv; Group 4 @entity0 received @entity1 10 mg, iv. Eighty-eight per cent of @entity0 in the control group had a gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5, while 36% had a gastric content volume greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5. Bicitra, 15 ml and 30 ml, po, increased mean gastric pH and decreased the proportion of @entity0 with a gastric pH less than or equal to 2.5 to 32 and 16%, respectively, in Groups 2 and 3. However, Bicitra 15 ml and 30 ml, increased the mean gastric volume in Group 3 and also increased the proportion of @entity0 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml to 56% in Group 2 and 84% in Group 3. The addition of @entity1 10 mg, iv, to Bicitra reduced the proportion of @entity0 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml in Groups 5 and 6 to 28 and 36%, respectively. @entity1 (Group 6) independently reduced mean gastric volume (15.6 ml vs. 32.7 ml) and the proportion of @entity0 with a gastric volume greater than or equal to 25 ml (20% vs. 36%). Bicitra and @entity1 combination significantly reduced the proportion of @entity0 with gastric contents greater than or equal to 25 ml with pH less than or equal to 2.5.

title: Bicitra ( XXXX ) and @entity1 in outpatient anesthesia for prophylaxis against aspiration pneumonitis.

answer: @entity2