abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 3B (rAAV3B) can transduce cultured @entity0 @entity3 cells and primary @entity0 hepatocytes efficiently. @entity6 (S)- and @entity7 (T)-directed capsid modifications further augment its transduction efficiency. Systemically delivered capsid-optimized rAAV3B vectors can specifically target @entity1 cells in a @entity0 @entity3 xenograft model, suggesting their potential use for @entity0 liver-directed gene therapy. Here, we compared transduction efficiencies of @entity8 B and AAV8 vectors in cultured primary @entity0 hepatocytes and @entity1 cells as well as in @entity0 and @entity2 hepatocytes in a @entity0 liver xenograft NSG-PiZ @entity2 model. We also examined the safety and transduction efficacy of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and capsid-optimized rAAV3B in the livers of nonhuman primates (NHPs). Intravenously delivered @entity9 + @entity10 (ST)-modified self-complementary (sc) @entity8 B-EGFP vectors led to liver-targeted robust enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) expression in NHPs without apparent hepatotoxicity. Intravenous injections of both @entity5 and ST-modified rAAV3B.ST-rhCG vectors also generated stable super-physiological levels of rhesus chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) in NHPs. The vector genome predominantly targeted the liver. Clinical chemistry and histopathology examinations showed no apparent vector-related @entity4 . Our studies should be important and informative for clinical development of optimized @entity8 B vectors for @entity0 liver-directed gene therapy.Molecular Therapy (2015); doi:10.1038/mt.2015.174.

title: Efficient and Targeted Transduction of Nonhuman Primate Liver With Systemically Delivered Optimized XXXX B Vectors.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Developmental expression of the @entity1 gene 4521 requires extracellular A-signal. This signal is generated in response to nutrient limitation and functions in cell density sensing. To identify the upstream limit of the minimum region required in vivo for A-signal-dependent 4521 expression, a 5' deletion analysis of the 4521 regulatory region was performed. A new vector, pHBK280, was designed to facilitate this analysis. This vector creates tandem copies of the 4521 gene in the @entity1 chromosome, such that the regulatory region to be tested is upstream of a single copy of the lacZ reporter gene. The 5' deletion analysis revealed that at most, 146 bp of DNA upstream of the @entity0 ( @entity0 ) was required for full developmental expression of 4521. Basal expression levels were observed with constructions containing 90 bp of DNA upstream of the @entity0 . In vitro gel retardation assays revealed that DNA fragments with 5' ends of 146 and 125 bp upstream of the @entity0 and a common 3' end of +24 bp were retarded in their mobility after incubation with all of the @entity1 developmental crude cell extracts tested. In contrast, a fragment starting at 90 bp upstream of the @entity0 and ending at +24 bp was not retarded in its mobility after incubation with the same cell extracts. These in vivo and in vitro data suggest that cis-acting elements located between 146 and 90 bp upstream of the @entity0 serve as binding sites for one or more trans-acting regulatory factors required for 4521 developmental expression.

title: Identification of the minimum regulatory region of a XXXX A-signal-dependent developmental gene.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The bioavailability and diuretic effect of @entity2 40 mg administered orally for at least 6 months have been compared in @entity0 with @entity3 and in healthy controls. The mean urinary recovery of unchanged drug was 11.5 mg and 9.41 mg in 24 h after pre- and postprandial administration to 10 @entity0 , whereas the recovery was 14.4 mg in 10 healthy subjects. The diuretic effect, in terms of urine flow and @entity1 ion excretion in the 6 h after administration, was also less in @entity0 than in healthy subjects. This was ascribed to the lower bioavailability of @entity2 in @entity0 , based on the urinary recovery of unchanged drug, and not to a lower level of response to @entity2 than in healthy subjects. The mean absolute bioavailability of @entity2 in 6 @entity0 was 41.3% and 63.4%, respectively, calculated from unchanged drug and total drug (unchanged plus glucuronide conjugate). Approximately 53.9% of the dose of @entity2 was excreted as the glucuronide conjugate after oral administration, and 34.2% after i.v. injection in the 6 @entity0 . In 3 of the 6 @entity0 studied, a distinct first-pass effect for glucuronidation of @entity2 was observed after oral administration. In another study, the mean glucuronide fraction recovered in 24-h urine was 20.7% and 7.3% (p less than 0.01) in 38 @entity0 and 12 healthy subjects, respectively. The fraction in urine was not affected by changing the dose of @entity2 from 20 to 120 mg. The lower bioavailability in @entity0 as compared to healthy subjects is ascribed to enhanced glucuronidation and incomplete drug absorption.

title: Bioavailability and diuretic effect of @entity2 during long-term treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The bioavailability and diuretic effect of @entity2 40 mg administered orally for at least 6 months have been compared in @entity0 with @entity3 and in healthy controls. The mean urinary recovery of unchanged drug was 11.5 mg and 9.41 mg in 24 h after pre- and postprandial administration to 10 @entity0 , whereas the recovery was 14.4 mg in 10 healthy subjects. The diuretic effect, in terms of urine flow and @entity1 ion excretion in the 6 h after administration, was also less in @entity0 than in healthy subjects. This was ascribed to the lower bioavailability of @entity2 in @entity0 , based on the urinary recovery of unchanged drug, and not to a lower level of response to @entity2 than in healthy subjects. The mean absolute bioavailability of @entity2 in 6 @entity0 was 41.3% and 63.4%, respectively, calculated from unchanged drug and total drug (unchanged plus glucuronide conjugate). Approximately 53.9% of the dose of @entity2 was excreted as the glucuronide conjugate after oral administration, and 34.2% after i.v. injection in the 6 @entity0 . In 3 of the 6 @entity0 studied, a distinct first-pass effect for glucuronidation of @entity2 was observed after oral administration. In another study, the mean glucuronide fraction recovered in 24-h urine was 20.7% and 7.3% (p less than 0.01) in 38 @entity0 and 12 healthy subjects, respectively. The fraction in urine was not affected by changing the dose of @entity2 from 20 to 120 mg. The lower bioavailability in @entity0 as compared to healthy subjects is ascribed to enhanced glucuronidation and incomplete drug absorption.

title: Bioavailability and diuretic effect of XXXX during long-term treatment of @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Clinico-pathological and parasitological studies have been performed on spontaneous and experimental @entity9 in @entity6 . Among 11,244 Hartley @entity6 purchased from suppliers during 1968, 410 (3.6%) of the animals had @entity3 due to @entity9 . The incidence rate was high in the spring and fall with a mortality rate of 14.4 per cent. A particularly high number of fatal cases were found in the spring. In experimentally induced @entity9 , clinical signs observed were @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity4 and @entity1 . The @entity3 developed in all animals on the eleventh day after @entity2 and continued for one to five days. Food and water intakes were markedly reduced after the appearance of @entity3 , followed by @entity5 and @entity8 . Correlating with the appearance of @entity3 was a striking drop in body weight of the @entity6 . Death usually occurred on the third to fifth day after the onset of @entity3 . The mortality rate was 30 per cent. The major macroscopic findings were characterized by a markedly thickened wall from the ascending to the descending colon and gelatinous @entity0 of the mesenterium of the spiral of the ascending colon. Histologically, there was marked @entity7 of the mucosal epithelium in the colon and numerous coccidia at different stages of development within the mucus membrane. In the advanced stages of the disease, there was degeneration and desquamation of the epithelia, marked @entity0 of neutrophil leukocytes and lymphocytes into the lamina propria and submucosa, many oocysts in the lumen of the intestine and in the intestinal glands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Studies on XXXX in @entity6 . 1. Clinico-pathological observation].

answer: @entity9


abstract: Clinico-pathological and parasitological studies have been performed on spontaneous and experimental @entity9 in @entity6 . Among 11,244 Hartley @entity6 purchased from suppliers during 1968, 410 (3.6%) of the animals had @entity3 due to @entity9 . The incidence rate was high in the spring and fall with a mortality rate of 14.4 per cent. A particularly high number of fatal cases were found in the spring. In experimentally induced @entity9 , clinical signs observed were @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity4 and @entity1 . The @entity3 developed in all animals on the eleventh day after @entity2 and continued for one to five days. Food and water intakes were markedly reduced after the appearance of @entity3 , followed by @entity5 and @entity8 . Correlating with the appearance of @entity3 was a striking drop in body weight of the @entity6 . Death usually occurred on the third to fifth day after the onset of @entity3 . The mortality rate was 30 per cent. The major macroscopic findings were characterized by a markedly thickened wall from the ascending to the descending colon and gelatinous @entity0 of the mesenterium of the spiral of the ascending colon. Histologically, there was marked @entity7 of the mucosal epithelium in the colon and numerous coccidia at different stages of development within the mucus membrane. In the advanced stages of the disease, there was degeneration and desquamation of the epithelia, marked @entity0 of neutrophil leukocytes and lymphocytes into the lamina propria and submucosa, many oocysts in the lumen of the intestine and in the intestinal glands.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Studies on @entity9 in XXXX . 1. Clinico-pathological observation].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Zymosan--a non-specific macrophage-stimulating agent--reduces @entity0 take in the liver. The mechanism for this effect is not clear, but it may be mediated via the Kupffer cells and @entity5 . On the other hand, the Prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor, @entity6 , inhibits @entity0 growth. Pretreatment with @entity7 (3 mg 100 g-1) for 3 days of two different strains of @entity2 , inoculated in the liver with a @entity3 or an @entity4 cell suspension respectively, reduced @entity0 take and also initial @entity0 growth. The effect on @entity0 take and initial growth was inhibited by concomitant administration of @entity6 (0.2 mg 100 g-1). When zymosan was administered after @entity0 cell inoculation the growth rate of the @entity3 was retarded, but this effect was not abrogated by @entity6 . Pretreatment with @entity6 had no significant effect on @entity0 take or initial growth. When given after the @entity0 was established in the liver, @entity6 reduced the growth rate of the @entity3 , but not of the @entity4 . These results suggest that there are different mechanisms for the effects of zymosan on @entity0 take and on growth of an established @entity0 . In immunoincompetent @entity1 the effect on the @entity3 was similar to the effect in the @entity2 . In vitro both @entity0 were insensitive to zymosan and @entity6 . This study confirms that pretreatment with a non-specific macrophage stimulator (zymosan) diminishes @entity0 take and growth in the liver, that the effect of zymosan on @entity0 take in the liver is abrogated by @entity6 and that the zymosan effect on @entity0 take in the liver is at least partly mediated by the Kupffer cells and @entity5 .

title: Influence of zymosan (a non-specific macrophage stimulator) and of XXXX on liver tumours--an experimental study in @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Zymosan--a non-specific macrophage-stimulating agent--reduces @entity0 take in the liver. The mechanism for this effect is not clear, but it may be mediated via the Kupffer cells and @entity5 . On the other hand, the Prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor, @entity6 , inhibits @entity0 growth. Pretreatment with @entity7 (3 mg 100 g-1) for 3 days of two different strains of @entity2 , inoculated in the liver with a @entity3 or an @entity4 cell suspension respectively, reduced @entity0 take and also initial @entity0 growth. The effect on @entity0 take and initial growth was inhibited by concomitant administration of @entity6 (0.2 mg 100 g-1). When zymosan was administered after @entity0 cell inoculation the growth rate of the @entity3 was retarded, but this effect was not abrogated by @entity6 . Pretreatment with @entity6 had no significant effect on @entity0 take or initial growth. When given after the @entity0 was established in the liver, @entity6 reduced the growth rate of the @entity3 , but not of the @entity4 . These results suggest that there are different mechanisms for the effects of zymosan on @entity0 take and on growth of an established @entity0 . In immunoincompetent @entity1 the effect on the @entity3 was similar to the effect in the @entity2 . In vitro both @entity0 were insensitive to zymosan and @entity6 . This study confirms that pretreatment with a non-specific macrophage stimulator (zymosan) diminishes @entity0 take and growth in the liver, that the effect of zymosan on @entity0 take in the liver is abrogated by @entity6 and that the zymosan effect on @entity0 take in the liver is at least partly mediated by the Kupffer cells and @entity5 .

title: Influence of zymosan (a non-specific macrophage stimulator) and of @entity6 on liver tumours--an experimental study in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity3 ) was given po to male and female Fischer 344 @entity0 at dose levels of 10, 25, 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg, five times a week for a period of 2 weeks. Control animals received distilled water. All animals given intermediate dose levels (10, 25, 75, and 150 mg/kg) and one half of the animals which were dosed at the high dose (300 mg/kg) as well as one half of the controls were terminated 14 days after administration of the first dose. The remaining @entity0 received no treatment for an additional 14 days and were sacrificed on Day 28 of the study (recovery phase). Dose-related decreases in erythrocyte number, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, with an accompanying increase in reticulocytes and circulating nucleated erythrocytes, were observed in both sexes at Day 14. Methemoglobin levels, determined only at the high dose, were elevated in both sexes at this time. @entity1 and @entity2 were observed in both sexes at 14 and 28 days. Histopathological examination of the spleen and bone marrow revealed dose-related @entity4 at 14 days which subsided by Day 28. The above effects were more pronounced in males. Erythrocyte numbers were only slightly depressed and reticulocytes mildly elevated in males at Day 28. Hematological values were not statistically different from controls in females at this time. These results suggest that @entity3 induces oxidative damage to the erythrocyte, resulting in a @entity5 accompanied by increased erythropoiesis. The toxic effects appear reversible upon cessation of exposure.

title: Toxicity of XXXX . I. Hematotoxicity following subacute exposure in @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity3 ) was given po to male and female Fischer 344 @entity0 at dose levels of 10, 25, 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg, five times a week for a period of 2 weeks. Control animals received distilled water. All animals given intermediate dose levels (10, 25, 75, and 150 mg/kg) and one half of the animals which were dosed at the high dose (300 mg/kg) as well as one half of the controls were terminated 14 days after administration of the first dose. The remaining @entity0 received no treatment for an additional 14 days and were sacrificed on Day 28 of the study (recovery phase). Dose-related decreases in erythrocyte number, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, with an accompanying increase in reticulocytes and circulating nucleated erythrocytes, were observed in both sexes at Day 14. Methemoglobin levels, determined only at the high dose, were elevated in both sexes at this time. @entity1 and @entity2 were observed in both sexes at 14 and 28 days. Histopathological examination of the spleen and bone marrow revealed dose-related @entity4 at 14 days which subsided by Day 28. The above effects were more pronounced in males. Erythrocyte numbers were only slightly depressed and reticulocytes mildly elevated in males at Day 28. Hematological values were not statistically different from controls in females at this time. These results suggest that @entity3 induces oxidative damage to the erythrocyte, resulting in a @entity5 accompanied by increased erythropoiesis. The toxic effects appear reversible upon cessation of exposure.

title: Toxicity of @entity6 . I. Hematotoxicity following subacute exposure in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We report our experience with add-on clobazam therapy over a 5-year period in 63 @entity0 with @entity3 . The mean duration of @entity3 was 6.7 years. @entity0 were followed for 15 to 64 months. Of 63 @entity0 , 57 were developmentally delayed, and 54 had a symptomatic/cryptogenic @entity3 . Forty-one percent became either @entity5 free or had a greater than 90% reduction in @entity5 frequency. @entity5 frequency was reduced 50% to 90% in another 24%. The average daily dose of clobazam was 0.8 mg/kg. Thirty-five percent had the medication withdrawn for persistent or unacceptable side effects or the development of tolerance (seven @entity0 ). Side effects included severe @entity2 outbursts, @entity6 , @entity1 , and @entity4 with suicidal ideation. Clobazam is a useful add-on medication for 65% of @entity0 with @entity3 . Clinical utility may be limited by behavioral side effects in some @entity0 .

title: Clobazam for intractable XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several cationic polymers exhibit a useful antimicrobial property, however the structure-activity relationship still requires a more complete investigation. The main objective of this work is the comparison between the antimicrobial activity and @entity1 of free and immobilized @entity8 ( @entity10 ) in biocompatible @entity6 ( @entity6 ) nanoparticles (NPs). RESULTS: NPs synthesis by emulsion polymerization is performed over a range of [ @entity10 ] at two @entity5 ( @entity9 ) concentrations. The @entity6 / @entity10 dispersions are characterized by dynamic light-scattering for sizing, polydispersity and zeta-potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), plating plus colony forming unities (CFU) counting for determination of the minimal microbicidal concentrations (MMC) against @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity7 and @entity4 evaluation against @entity0 erythrocytes. There is a high colloidal stability for the cationic @entity6 / @entity10 NPs over a range of [ @entity10 ]. NPs diverse antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms reduces cell viability by eight-logs ( @entity2 ), seven-logs ( @entity3 ) or two-logs ( @entity7 ). The NPs completely kill @entity2 over a range of [ @entity10 ] that are innocuous to the erythrocytes. Free @entity10 antimicrobial activity is higher than the one observed for @entity10 in the NPs. There is no @entity10 induced- @entity4 at the MMC in contrast to the hemolytic effect of immobilized @entity10 in the NPs. @entity4 is higher than 15  % for immobilized @entity10 at the MMC for @entity3 and @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: The mobility of the cationic antimicrobial polymer @entity10 determines its access to the inner layers of the cell wall and the cell membrane, the major sites of @entity10 antimicrobial action. @entity10 freedom does matter for determining the antimicrobial activity at low @entity10 concentrations and absence of @entity4 .

title: The antimicrobial activity of free and immobilized XXXX in nanoparticles of @entity6 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several cationic polymers exhibit a useful antimicrobial property, however the structure-activity relationship still requires a more complete investigation. The main objective of this work is the comparison between the antimicrobial activity and @entity1 of free and immobilized @entity8 ( @entity10 ) in biocompatible @entity6 ( @entity6 ) nanoparticles (NPs). RESULTS: NPs synthesis by emulsion polymerization is performed over a range of [ @entity10 ] at two @entity5 ( @entity9 ) concentrations. The @entity6 / @entity10 dispersions are characterized by dynamic light-scattering for sizing, polydispersity and zeta-potential analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), plating plus colony forming unities (CFU) counting for determination of the minimal microbicidal concentrations (MMC) against @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity7 and @entity4 evaluation against @entity0 erythrocytes. There is a high colloidal stability for the cationic @entity6 / @entity10 NPs over a range of [ @entity10 ]. NPs diverse antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms reduces cell viability by eight-logs ( @entity2 ), seven-logs ( @entity3 ) or two-logs ( @entity7 ). The NPs completely kill @entity2 over a range of [ @entity10 ] that are innocuous to the erythrocytes. Free @entity10 antimicrobial activity is higher than the one observed for @entity10 in the NPs. There is no @entity10 induced- @entity4 at the MMC in contrast to the hemolytic effect of immobilized @entity10 in the NPs. @entity4 is higher than 15  % for immobilized @entity10 at the MMC for @entity3 and @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: The mobility of the cationic antimicrobial polymer @entity10 determines its access to the inner layers of the cell wall and the cell membrane, the major sites of @entity10 antimicrobial action. @entity10 freedom does matter for determining the antimicrobial activity at low @entity10 concentrations and absence of @entity4 .

title: The antimicrobial activity of free and immobilized @entity8 in nanoparticles of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Understanding spinal kinematics is essential for distinguishing between pathological conditions of spine disorders, which ultimately lead to @entity1 . It is of high importance to understand how changes in mechanical properties affect the response of the lumbar spine, specifically in an effort to differentiate those associated with @entity2 from ligamentous changes, allowing for more precise treatment strategies. To do this, the goals of this study were twofold: (1) develop and validate a finite element (FE) model of the lumbar spine and (2) systematically alter the properties of the intervertebral disc and ligaments to define respective roles in functional mechanics. A three-dimensional non-linear FE model of the lumbar spine (L3-sacrum) was developed and validated for pure moment bending. @entity2 and sequential ligament failure were modelled. Intersegmental range of motion (ROM) and bending stiffness were measured. The prediction of the FE model to moment loading in all three planes of bending showed very good agreement, where global and intersegmental ROM and bending stiffness of the model fell within one standard deviation of the in vitro results. Degeneration decreased ROM for all directions. Stiffness increased for all directions except axial rotation, where it initially increased then decreased for moderate and severe @entity0 , respectively. Incremental ligament failure produced increased ROM and decreased stiffness. This effect was much more pronounced for all directions except lateral bending, which is minimally impacted by ligaments. These results indicate that lateral bending may be more apt to detect the subtle changes associated with @entity0 , without being masked by associated changes of surrounding stabilizing structures.

title: Comparative role of XXXX and ligament failure on functional mechanics of the lumbar spine.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Several studies indicate that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including @entity8 , @entity4 , sulindac, and @entity9 reduce the risk of @entity5 . Furthermore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme were shown to inhibit the development of @entity5 in animal models of @entity3 . Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the enzymatic activity of both the constitutive ( @entity10 ) and inducible ( @entity7 ) isoforms of COX enzyme. We have investigated the expression of @entity10 and @entity7 polypeptides in @entity0 @entity5 tissues using immunohistochemistry. Enhanced @entity7 expression was observed in @entity5 tissues from 15 subjects with clinically diagnosed @entity2 . Marked @entity7 expression was observed in @entity1 cells, inflammatory cells, vascular endothelium, and fibroblasts of the lesional tissues compared with the nonlesional and normal colon tissues. The extent and intensity of the immunoreactive @entity7 in @entity1 cells was much greater than that of the other cell types. In contrast, the expression of @entity10 polypeptide was weak in both normal and cancerous specimens. These data suggest that the enhanced expression of the @entity7 gene in @entity5 tissues may contribute to the enhanced synthesis of @entity6 by the @entity5 tissues. Enhanced expression of @entity7 may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity5 . Furthermore, selective inhibition of @entity7 may prove to be more efficacious in the retardation of @entity5 development.

title: Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Several studies indicate that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including @entity8 , @entity4 , sulindac, and @entity9 reduce the risk of @entity5 . Furthermore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme were shown to inhibit the development of @entity5 in animal models of @entity3 . Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the enzymatic activity of both the constitutive ( @entity10 ) and inducible ( @entity7 ) isoforms of COX enzyme. We have investigated the expression of @entity10 and @entity7 polypeptides in @entity0 @entity5 tissues using immunohistochemistry. Enhanced @entity7 expression was observed in @entity5 tissues from 15 subjects with clinically diagnosed @entity2 . Marked @entity7 expression was observed in @entity1 cells, inflammatory cells, vascular endothelium, and fibroblasts of the lesional tissues compared with the nonlesional and normal colon tissues. The extent and intensity of the immunoreactive @entity7 in @entity1 cells was much greater than that of the other cell types. In contrast, the expression of @entity10 polypeptide was weak in both normal and cancerous specimens. These data suggest that the enhanced expression of the @entity7 gene in @entity5 tissues may contribute to the enhanced synthesis of @entity6 by the @entity5 tissues. Enhanced expression of @entity7 may play a role in the pathogenesis of @entity5 . Furthermore, selective inhibition of @entity7 may prove to be more efficacious in the retardation of @entity5 development.

title: Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 is characterized by a rapid rate of @entity6 and bone resorption. Regenerative therapy offers reconstruction of the periodontium; however, certain advanced cases with a questionable prognosis might remain a challenge. We report a successful intervention outcome of a challenging case in the aesthetic zone of a @entity0 with aggressive @entity5 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 34-year-old systemically healthy Malay @entity0 was referred to the Periodontics Specialist Clinic of the Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, with a chief complaint of @entity3 gums and mobility of the @entity4 . A diagnosis of localized aggressive @entity5 was made. A thorough non-surgical periodontal treatment was provided, followed by a series of regenerative periodontal surgeries to manage advanced @entity1 . A successful treatment outcome with a good prognosis was achieved. Maintenance through the supportive treatment phase showed marked @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Teeth with severely compromised periodontium of unpredictable prognosis can still be maintained with satisfactory restoration of the function, support, and aesthetics, despite the baseline unpredicted treatment outcome. Proper selection of an advanced periodontal treatment plan can exclude the option of tooth extraction or prosthetic replacement.

title: Reconstruction of advanced bone defect associated with severely compromised @entity4 in aggressive XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 is characterized by a rapid rate of @entity6 and bone resorption. Regenerative therapy offers reconstruction of the periodontium; however, certain advanced cases with a questionable prognosis might remain a challenge. We report a successful intervention outcome of a challenging case in the aesthetic zone of a @entity0 with aggressive @entity5 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 34-year-old systemically healthy Malay @entity0 was referred to the Periodontics Specialist Clinic of the Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, with a chief complaint of @entity3 gums and mobility of the @entity4 . A diagnosis of localized aggressive @entity5 was made. A thorough non-surgical periodontal treatment was provided, followed by a series of regenerative periodontal surgeries to manage advanced @entity1 . A successful treatment outcome with a good prognosis was achieved. Maintenance through the supportive treatment phase showed marked @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Teeth with severely compromised periodontium of unpredictable prognosis can still be maintained with satisfactory restoration of the function, support, and aesthetics, despite the baseline unpredicted treatment outcome. Proper selection of an advanced periodontal treatment plan can exclude the option of tooth extraction or prosthetic replacement.

title: Reconstruction of advanced bone defect associated with severely compromised XXXX in aggressive @entity5 : a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and safety of 3D laparoscopic and thoracoscopic esophagectomy. METHODS: From October 2013 to March 2014, 154 @entity0 with @entity3 of clinical stage T3N1M0 undergoing 3D or 2D minimally invasive esophagectomy in lateral prone position in our department were enrolled prospectively, and randomly divided into 3D group(78 cases) and 2D group(76 cases). The esophagus was dissociated by 3D or 2D laparoscope and thoracoscope to the entry of thorax. Stomach was dissociated by same telescopes and cut linearly. After tube stomach shaping was completed, esophagogastric anastomosis was performed in the left neck. The operative safety and short-term efficacy were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The entire procedure was technically successful in 154 @entity0 . The average total operative time in 3D group was shorter than that in 2D group [(176.0  27.7) min vs. (203.0  31.5) min, P<0.05]. No significant differences were observed in @entity1 [(124.0  35.8) ml vs. (127.0  25.7) ml], number of harvested lymph node (17.0  8.6 vs. 18.0  3.3), postoperative hospital stay [(11.8  9.3) d vs. (12.6  8.8) d] (all P>0.05), and morbidity of postoperative complication [12.8%(10/78) vs. 14.5%(11/76)]. The median follow-up time was 5.6(3-8) months and 5.2(5-7) months in 3D and 2D groups respectively, and no @entity2 or relapse cases were found during the follow-up. CONCLUSION: 3D laparoscopic and thoracoscopic esophagectomy under lateral prone position is technically feasible and safe for @entity3 , as compared to 2D procedure.

title: [Comparative study of 3D thoracoscopic esophagectomy versus 2D thoracoscopic esophagectomy for XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: A 28-year-old @entity0 visited our hospital with a complaint of @entity3 . His development was normal with body size of 169.5 cm in height and muscular type. His beard and axillary and pubic hairs were male type. The penis and scrotum were also normal, but testes were small (8 ml, bilateral). Semen analysis revealed @entity2 . Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and @entity1 levels are within normal range but follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was moderately elevated. Testicular biopsy specimen showed severely hyalinized seminiferous tubuli, incarceration of basement membrane and hyperplasia of Leydig cells. Johnsen's score count was two. Chromosomal analysis revealed a mosaic type of 45, X/46, X + mar. We tried to confirm the existence of sex-determining region of the Y chromosome ( @entity4 ) by the DNA analysis. It was shown that @entity4 on genomic DNA fragment. This marker chromosome may be translocated to a fragment of the short arm of Y chromosome.

title: [A case of XXXX with a chromosomal abnormality of 45, X/46, X + mar].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 are at risk for a number of serious health complications including an increased incidence of @entity3 and poorer recovery after @entity4 . Astrocytes play a critical role in protecting neurons by maintaining extracellular homeostasis and preventing @entity7 through @entity8 uptake and @entity6 buffering. These functions are aided by the presence of @entity6 channels, such as @entity11 inwardly rectifying @entity6 channels, in the membranes of astrocytic glial cells. The purpose of the present study was to determine if @entity10 alters @entity11 @entity6 channel expression and homeostatic functions of astrocytes. We used q-PCR, Western blot, patch-clamp electrophysiology studying voltage and @entity6 step responses and a colorimetric @entity8 clearance assay to assess @entity11 channel levels and homeostatic functions of @entity1 astrocytes grown in normal and high @entity5 conditions. We found that astrocytes grown in high @entity5 (25mM) had an approximately 50% reduction in @entity11 mRNA and protein expression as compared with those grown in normal @entity5 (5mM). These reductions occurred within 4-7days of exposure to @entity10 , whereas reversal occurred between 7 and 14days after return to normal @entity5 . The decrease in functional Kir channels in the astrocytic membrane was confirmed using barium to block Kir channels. In the presence of 100- M barium, the currents recorded from astrocytes in response to voltage steps were reduced by 45%. Furthermore, inward currents induced by stepping extracellular [ @entity9 ]o from 3 to 10mM (reflecting @entity6 uptake) were 50% reduced in astrocytes grown in high @entity5 . In addition, @entity8 clearance by astrocytes grown in high @entity5 was significantly impaired. Taken together, our results suggest that down-regulation of astrocytic @entity11 channels by elevated @entity5 may contribute to the underlying pathophysiology of @entity0 and contribute to the poor prognosis after @entity2 .

title: @entity10 reduces functional expression of astrocytic @entity11 channels and glial XXXX uptake.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 are at risk for a number of serious health complications including an increased incidence of @entity3 and poorer recovery after @entity4 . Astrocytes play a critical role in protecting neurons by maintaining extracellular homeostasis and preventing @entity7 through @entity8 uptake and @entity6 buffering. These functions are aided by the presence of @entity6 channels, such as @entity11 inwardly rectifying @entity6 channels, in the membranes of astrocytic glial cells. The purpose of the present study was to determine if @entity10 alters @entity11 @entity6 channel expression and homeostatic functions of astrocytes. We used q-PCR, Western blot, patch-clamp electrophysiology studying voltage and @entity6 step responses and a colorimetric @entity8 clearance assay to assess @entity11 channel levels and homeostatic functions of @entity1 astrocytes grown in normal and high @entity5 conditions. We found that astrocytes grown in high @entity5 (25mM) had an approximately 50% reduction in @entity11 mRNA and protein expression as compared with those grown in normal @entity5 (5mM). These reductions occurred within 4-7days of exposure to @entity10 , whereas reversal occurred between 7 and 14days after return to normal @entity5 . The decrease in functional Kir channels in the astrocytic membrane was confirmed using barium to block Kir channels. In the presence of 100- M barium, the currents recorded from astrocytes in response to voltage steps were reduced by 45%. Furthermore, inward currents induced by stepping extracellular [ @entity9 ]o from 3 to 10mM (reflecting @entity6 uptake) were 50% reduced in astrocytes grown in high @entity5 . In addition, @entity8 clearance by astrocytes grown in high @entity5 was significantly impaired. Taken together, our results suggest that down-regulation of astrocytic @entity11 channels by elevated @entity5 may contribute to the underlying pathophysiology of @entity0 and contribute to the poor prognosis after @entity2 .

title: XXXX reduces functional expression of astrocytic @entity11 channels and glial @entity8 uptake.

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 are at risk for a number of serious health complications including an increased incidence of @entity3 and poorer recovery after @entity4 . Astrocytes play a critical role in protecting neurons by maintaining extracellular homeostasis and preventing @entity7 through @entity8 uptake and @entity6 buffering. These functions are aided by the presence of @entity6 channels, such as @entity11 inwardly rectifying @entity6 channels, in the membranes of astrocytic glial cells. The purpose of the present study was to determine if @entity10 alters @entity11 @entity6 channel expression and homeostatic functions of astrocytes. We used q-PCR, Western blot, patch-clamp electrophysiology studying voltage and @entity6 step responses and a colorimetric @entity8 clearance assay to assess @entity11 channel levels and homeostatic functions of @entity1 astrocytes grown in normal and high @entity5 conditions. We found that astrocytes grown in high @entity5 (25mM) had an approximately 50% reduction in @entity11 mRNA and protein expression as compared with those grown in normal @entity5 (5mM). These reductions occurred within 4-7days of exposure to @entity10 , whereas reversal occurred between 7 and 14days after return to normal @entity5 . The decrease in functional Kir channels in the astrocytic membrane was confirmed using barium to block Kir channels. In the presence of 100- M barium, the currents recorded from astrocytes in response to voltage steps were reduced by 45%. Furthermore, inward currents induced by stepping extracellular [ @entity9 ]o from 3 to 10mM (reflecting @entity6 uptake) were 50% reduced in astrocytes grown in high @entity5 . In addition, @entity8 clearance by astrocytes grown in high @entity5 was significantly impaired. Taken together, our results suggest that down-regulation of astrocytic @entity11 channels by elevated @entity5 may contribute to the underlying pathophysiology of @entity0 and contribute to the poor prognosis after @entity2 .

title: @entity10 reduces functional expression of astrocytic XXXX channels and glial @entity8 uptake.

answer: @entity11


abstract: UNASSIGNED: De novo donor-specific antibodies (dDSA) relevance in simultaneous @entity1 (SPK) transplantation has been scarcely investigated. We analyzed dDSA relationship with grafts outcomes in a long-term follow-up SPK-transplanted cohort. In 150 @entity0 that received SPK transplant between 2000 and 2013, post-transplant anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies were screened and identified using Luminex-based assays in sera collected at 3, 6, and 12 months, then yearly. dDSA were detected in 22 (14.7%) @entity0 at a median 3.1 years after transplant. Pretransplant anti-HLA sensitization (OR = 4.64), full HLA-DR mismatch (OR = 4.38), and previous acute cellular rejection (OR = 9.45) were significant risk factors for dDSA. dDSA were significantly associated with kidney (in association with acute rejection) and @entity2 . In dDSA+ @entity0 , those with at least one graft failure presented more frequently dDSA against class II or I + II (P = 0.011) and locusDQ (P = 0.043) and had a higher median dDSA number (P = 0.014) and strength (P = 0.030). Median time between dDSA emergence and @entity2 was 5 and 12 months, respectively. Emergence of dDSA increased the risk of grafts failure in SPK-transplanted @entity0 . Full HLA-DR mismatch was associated with dDSA emergence. dDSA characteristics might help identify @entity0 at a higher risk of graft failure.

title: Impact of de novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies on grafts outcomes in simultaneous XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Musca domestica L., 1758 is capable of transferring a number of pathogenic viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites to animals and @entity0 . The objective of this study was to isolate and identify medically important filamentous fungi and @entity2 from adult @entity5 collected from two wards of three hospital environments in Ahvaz city, Khuzestan Province, southwestern Iran. The common house flies were caught by a sterile net. These insects were washed in a solution of 1% @entity4 for 3   min and twice in sterile distilled water for 1   min. The flies were individually crushed with sterile swabs in sterile test tubes. Then 2   ml of sterile normal saline (0.85%) was added to each tube, and the tube was centrifuged for 5   min. The supernatant was then discarded, and the remaining sediment was inoculated with a sterile swab in the Sabouraud's dextrose agar medium containing @entity3 . Isolation and identification of fungi were made by standard mycological methods. In this research, totally 190   @entity5 from hospital environments were captured. In total, 28 fungal species were isolated. The main fungi isolated were Aspergillus spp. (67.4%), Penicillium sp. (11.6%), Mucorales sp. (11%), Candida spp. (10.5%), and Rhodotorula sp. (8.4%). Among the house flies caught at the hospitals, about 80% were found to carry one or more medically important species of fungi. This study has established that common house flies carry pathogenic fungi in the hospital environments of Ahvaz. The control of @entity5 in hospitals is essential in order to control the nosocomial @entity1 in @entity0 .

title: Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Filamentous Fungi and XXXX From Adult House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Captured From the Hospital Environments in Ahvaz City, Southwestern Iran.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Adhesion of blood-borne monocytes to the vascular endothelium is the first step in the infiltration of this leukocyte into the vessel wall or the interstitial space during @entity2 . A significant role for the monocyte in both wound healing and atherogenesis is now well accepted. The molecular interactions involved in monocyte attachment to the endothelium are unknown. To study this phenomenon we have developed an in vitro system that uses the @entity0 monocytic @entity1 cell line U937 as a model for the blood-borne monocyte. 51Cr-labeled U937 cells were found to adhere with high affinity to cultured endothelial cells (ECs) from several sources. Much less binding was observed to either smooth muscle cells or fibroblasts from several species. Conditioned medium and cocultivation experiments ruled out the possibility that target cells could affect U937 cell binding by secretion of factors. Binding of U937 cells to porcine aortic ECs reached equilibrium after 30 min at 37 degrees C and 90 min at 4 degrees C with similar extent of binding at the two temperatures. Binding of U937 to the endothelium reached saturation at 9-12 U937 per porcine aortic EC (semi-confluent) with half-maximal binding at 1.5 X 10(6) U937 cells/ml. Bound cells dissociated with a half-life of 20 h at 37 degrees C. Adhesion of U937 cells was blocked by prior incubation of ECs with normal monocytes but not with platelets, lymphocytes, or neutrophils. Trypsin treatment or detergent solubilization of ECs inhibited U937 cell binding. A striking effect of EC density on monocytic cell adhesion was observed with @entity4 , @entity3 , and porcine ECs. Confluent cultures of these cells exhibited negligible binding of U937, but when plated sparsely, the same cells were excellent targets for U937 cell adhesion. In addition, when confluent cultures of @entity4 aortic ECs were "wounded" with a @entity5 swab and then allowed to recover for 24 h at 37 degrees C, U937 cells were found to adhere most readily to the ECs migrating into the wound and neighboring the wound but not to ECs in the confluent monolayer away from the wound edge. These latter results may have implications for the focal adhesion of monocytes to the vessel wall in vivo.

title: Characterization of the adhesion of the XXXX monocytic cell line U937 to cultured endothelial cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The metabotropic @entity3 receptor 5 ( @entity4 ) is a high interest target for PET imaging as it plays a role in several pathologies, including addiction, @entity1 and @entity2 . METHODS: We studied the pharmacokinetics of @entity5 , a selective PET radioligand for @entity4 , and used it to quantify @entity4 in @entity0 brain. Quantification was performed using both arterial sampling in combination with compartment models as well as simplified reference methods. SRTM, MRTM0, and Logan Non-Invasive were tested as reference models with BPND as outcome parameter. Additionally, test-retest scans were performed in six animals. RESULTS: @entity5 uptake in @entity0 brain was consistent with its known distribution. No radiometabolites were present in the brain and binding was specific as shown in blocking experiments, which also confirmed the cerebellum as a viable reference region. A two tissue compartment model was used to determine BPND for the striatum (11.7  1.5), nucleus accumbens (10.6  2.0), hippocampus (9.0  1.2), cortex (7.2  1.0) and thalamus (4.0  0.9). Reference methods were able to estimate these values with small bias (<2%). Test-retest analysis showed high repeatability between scans below 6 %, also for shorter scan durations of 30 and 60 min. CONCLUSION: Due to its favorable reversible kinetics, high specificity and absence of brain radiometabolites @entity5 proves a highly useful tracer for in vivo visualization of the @entity4 in @entity0 brain. Moreover, reference tissue models allow non-invasive, rapid scanning with good test-retest.

title: Preclinical evaluation and quantification of 18F-FPEB as a radioligand for PET imaging of the metabotropic XXXX receptor 5.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Thrombolysis has radically changed the prognosis of acute @entity1 . Tenecteplase is a modified form of rt-PA with greater specificity for fibrin and a longer half-life. We report the experience of a Moroccan tertiary hospital in thrombolysis using Tenecteplase. METHODS: We conducted an open prospective study of all @entity0 who were treated with Tenecteplase for an acute @entity1 admitted to our emergency department. Tenecteplase was administered intravenously at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg single bolus. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of @entity0 achieving significant early neurological recovery defined as an improvement of 4 or more points on the NIHSS score at 24h. RESULTS: 13 @entity0 had been treated by intravenous thrombolysis. 31% were @entity0 . Mean age was 63 years old. The mean NIHSS score at admission was 14.3 and 24h after was at 9.1. The right middle cerebral artery was involved in 69% of cases. The carotid @entity2 was predominant 63.3% and the cardio embolic etiology 27%. The mean time to the first medical contact after the onset of symptoms was 3h 30 min. One @entity0 presented a capsulo-lenticular @entity3 of 5 mm(3) in the same side of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Tenecteplase is a more interesting thrombolytic than alteplase, it seems to be more suitable for thrombolysis in our center.

title: Thrombolysis for acute XXXX by tenecteplase in the emergency department of a Moroccan hospital.

answer: @entity1


abstract: From May 1985 to May 1989, 126 necropsies were performed at the S  o Paulo City Morgue on cadavers of individuals @entity4 victims whose unnatural @entity1 had prompted police investigations. One hundred and nineteen males and 17 females were included. Ages were most commonly in the 20-to-30 year range. Fifty four @entity1 occurred in penal institutions, 29 @entity1 resulted from suicides, 17 @entity1 from manslaughter, 17 @entity1 were considered suspicious, 5 willful murders and 4 others also considered suspicious because corpses were found in advanced stages of putrefaction. Inmates, except one @entity0 who was strangled, died as a consequence of the disease. During all autopsies, special attention was paid to the high rate of extrapulmonary @entity2 . Suicides were committed in different ways and the majority of the victims were documented to be still in the initial stages of the disease. @entity1 and deteriorated corpses were the result of negligence of the subject's families. @entity1 occurred in subjects in the terminal stages of the disease inside the hospital where these subjects were assisted and the @entity3 certainly contributed to aggravate the injuries leading to @entity1 . Attention is drawn to both legal and social issues affecting @entity4 victims. The authors believe these issues may pose a hindrance for efficient control of the @entity4 epidemic.

title: Acquired XXXX in forensic autopsies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized study of @entity0 with symptomatic @entity5 . OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of clinical and radiologic characteristics and relationship. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The diagnosis of @entity5 is frequently used and represents a wide variety of @entity0 with more or less well-defined spinal disorders. METHODS: One hundred @entity0 who met inclusion criteria were consecutively selected from a neurology department and examined clinically and radiologically with plain radiography, myelography, and computed tomographic imaging. RESULTS: Duration of complaints was long, and multilevel, bilateral afflictions were common. The dominanting symptoms were @entity6 , @entity2 , and @entity4 . The clinical findings were modest. @entity1 in the spinal canal was demonstrated radiologically with signs of compression on nerve roots, centrally and/or laterally. The radiologic findings were more extensive than expected from the clinical symptoms and signs. In most @entity0 the sagittal diameter of the spinal canal increased on flexion and decreased on extension of the spine. An exception was demonstrated in 33 @entity0 where extension increased the diameter, usually at one level. Radiologic subgroups of @entity3 were found, but their clinical relationship could hardly be identified. No definite association between the degree of narrowing and clinical symptoms was found. CONCLUSIONS: A clinical picture is demonstrated in 100 @entity0 with symptomatic @entity5 . Different types of @entity3 are found radiologically, but their clinical relationships are not identified. The radiologic changes were more extensive than expected from the clinical picture, and the degree of narrowing did not correspond to the degree of clinical affliction.

title: XXXX . Clinical and radiologic features.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Venom, venom IgG and IgM antibody and total serum IgG levels following @entity2 bites in two reptile handlers were measured by enzyme immunoassay. The @entity0 in case 1 received antivenom while the @entity0 in case 2 did not. Case 1 made a complete recovery following the bite and produced a high titre short-lived antibody. Venom antigen was not detected in the sample taken 11 hr after antivenom. Case 2 had experienced two recent minor @entity2 bites and had received traditional immunization 4 weeks before the accident reported here. He had developed only local swelling and suffered no @entity1 . Venom antigen measured at 1.45 hr after the bite was 132 ng/ml; this rapidly fell to 45 ng/ml over the next 30 min, and was no longer detectable 14 hr after the bite. The pattern of venom IgG and IgM antibody responses in both cases was comparable, except that in case 2 the venom IgG peak was maintained for 13 days, compared with 1 day in case 1; in case 2 it subsequently fell to low levels 8 weeks after the bite. Venom IgM appeared 1 day after the bite, peaked at day 7-9, rapidly tailed off on day 12-16 and was then undetectable from day 20 onwards in both. Total IgG level remained within normal limits in both. It is possible that previous bites and recent immunization contributed to the boosting of the venom IgG response in case 2.

title: XXXX ( @entity2 ) bites in Myanmar: venom antigen levels and development of venom antibodies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Venom, venom IgG and IgM antibody and total serum IgG levels following @entity2 bites in two reptile handlers were measured by enzyme immunoassay. The @entity0 in case 1 received antivenom while the @entity0 in case 2 did not. Case 1 made a complete recovery following the bite and produced a high titre short-lived antibody. Venom antigen was not detected in the sample taken 11 hr after antivenom. Case 2 had experienced two recent minor @entity2 bites and had received traditional immunization 4 weeks before the accident reported here. He had developed only local swelling and suffered no @entity1 . Venom antigen measured at 1.45 hr after the bite was 132 ng/ml; this rapidly fell to 45 ng/ml over the next 30 min, and was no longer detectable 14 hr after the bite. The pattern of venom IgG and IgM antibody responses in both cases was comparable, except that in case 2 the venom IgG peak was maintained for 13 days, compared with 1 day in case 1; in case 2 it subsequently fell to low levels 8 weeks after the bite. Venom IgM appeared 1 day after the bite, peaked at day 7-9, rapidly tailed off on day 12-16 and was then undetectable from day 20 onwards in both. Total IgG level remained within normal limits in both. It is possible that previous bites and recent immunization contributed to the boosting of the venom IgG response in case 2.

title: @entity2 ( XXXX ) bites in Myanmar: venom antigen levels and development of venom antibodies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The relationship of the numbers of amastigotes in the liver to the duration of @entity0 with two lines of a Khartoum strain of @entity2 [designated the parent (P) line and the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) resistant (MAR) line] and the effect of @entity1 antimoniate on these two lines of @entity2 were studied in the squirrel monkey. All experimental monkeys were inoculated via the saphenous vein with 32.5 X 10(6) amastigotes (per kg body weight), obtained from heavily-infected hamster spleens. Subsequently in Experiment I, liver biopsy samples were taken chronologically from all monkeys. Imprints of liver were made on glass slides and stained with Giemsa's staining solution, and parasite density per gram of liver tissue was determined. The parasites reached a maximum density of 6.2 X 10(6) amastigotes per gram between two to four weeks and 9.4 X 10(7) amastigotes per gram between four to six weeks in the monkeys receiving the P line and the MAR line, respectively. Parasite numbers then decreased, and all the livers and spleens of all monkeys became microscopically negative for @entity2 eight to 13 weeks post- @entity0 . Comparison of the multiplication of the two lines of @entity2 indicated that the MAR line persisted longer in the livers than did the P line. A slight decrease in body weight was observed at eight weeks post- @entity0 . Packed cell volume and haemoglobin were low at four to eight weeks post- @entity0 , but were within the normal range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Chemotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis ( XXXX ) in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).

answer: @entity2


abstract: Response to and survival after hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion (HILP) with melphalan in @entity0 with @entity2 at the Royal Brisbane Hospital were reviewed in order to assess the major determinants of response to treatment. Data were collected by clinical chart review and direct @entity0 contact. Response was assessed by clinical observation and measurement of nodules. Survival was calculated from the date of perfusion to the date of @entity0 @entity1 . Since 1965 there have been 85 @entity0 (38 @entity0 , 47 @entity0 ) who have undergone 109 limb (102 leg, 7 arm) perfusions. The mean age was 58 years (range 32-82 years). The number of @entity0 per disease stage (M.D. Anderson classification) was as follows: stage I, 5 @entity0 ; stage II, 8 @entity0 ; stage IIIa, 41 @entity0 ; stage IIIab, 25 @entity0 ; and stage IIIb, 8 @entity0 . The mean duration of perfusion was 81 minutes. Melphalan was given in divided doses, with a mean total dose 1.39 mg/kg. The mean maximal limb temperature was 41.5 degrees @entity4 complications occurred during 20 perfusions (18%). There was one postoperative @entity1 from @entity3 , and one @entity0 required amputation. Median @entity0 follow-up was 2.65 years (range 1-27 years). A complete response was noted in 34 @entity0 (40%), a partial response in 36 @entity0 (42%), and no response in 11 @entity0 (13%). Response could not be assessed in four @entity0 . The actuarial 5-year survival for the whole group was 45%: stage I, 80%; stage II, 75%; stage IIIa, 44%; stage IIIab, 23%; stage IIIb, 56%. The two significant determinants of response to perfusion were disease stage (p = 0.00005) and nodal status (p = 0.03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion for XXXX : response and survival.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Current clinical trials in disseminated @entity1 mostly use M0 or M1 to identify two prognostically different groups of @entity0 . Soloway et al. [Cancer 1988;61:195-202] have shown a significant difference in survival depending on the extent of disease (EOD) on bone scan in M1 disease. Seventy-three @entity1 @entity0 with bone-scan-proven metastases (T0-4 Nx M1 G1-3) from the Aust-Agder County in Norway with observation time 2-9 years were followed. The impact of T stage, grade, serum acid phosphatase status and EOD on survival was analyzed. EOD was assessed according to Soloway et al. No statistically significant difference could be demonstrated according to T stage or histological grade. A statistically significant difference in survival could be demonstrated both for normal versus elevated serum acid phosphatase and for EOD. EOD I/II had a better prognosis than EOD III/IV. Stratification of @entity0 in EOD categories seems relevant, but the relative importance of the different EOD categories is not yet established.

title: Prognostic factors in disseminated XXXX , with special emphasis on extent of disease.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Tat is an essential regulatory protein for the replication of @entity0 @entity1 virus (HIV). Mutations in the tat gene have been shown to block @entity2 replication in @entity0 T cells. Several studies have established that Tat releases an elongation block to the transcription of @entity2 long terminal repeat (LTR); however, it is not known whether this mechanism alone is sufficient to explain the block to @entity2 replication in @entity0 T cells when Tat is absent. It is possible that Tat is also needed for other functions during @entity2 replication. To test these hypotheses, we studied several tat mutants, including two stop codon mutants and one deletion mutant using replication-competent @entity3 constructs carrying wild-type or mutant LTRs with modifications in the NF-kappa B and/or Sp1 binding sites. In this study, we show that Tat- @entity3 with wild-type LTRs can replicate in HeLa cells, and the virus produced from HeLa cells can infect primary peripheral blood lymphocytes and macrophages. It was found that the propagation of the Tat mutants containing wild-type LTRs was less efficient than that of the LTR-modified Tat mutants. Large amounts of viral RNA and particles were synthesized in infections established using the tat mutants that contain modified LTRs. However, this efficient propagation of the LTR-modified tat mutants was restricted to some lymphoid cell lines that have been transformed with other viruses. Thus, despite its essential role for releasing an elongation block, Tat is not otherwise absolutely required for synthesis of full-length @entity2 transcripts and assembly of virus particles. Direct sequencing of the viral genomes and reinfection kinetics showed no evidence of wild-type reversion even after prolonged infection with the Tat- virus. The implications for in vivo @entity3 replication and potential application of this system to the study of alternative Tat function are discussed.

title: Infection and replication of Tat- @entity0 XXXX viruses: genetic analyses of LTR and tat mutations in primary and long-term @entity0 lymphoid cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Tat is an essential regulatory protein for the replication of @entity0 @entity1 virus (HIV). Mutations in the tat gene have been shown to block @entity2 replication in @entity0 T cells. Several studies have established that Tat releases an elongation block to the transcription of @entity2 long terminal repeat (LTR); however, it is not known whether this mechanism alone is sufficient to explain the block to @entity2 replication in @entity0 T cells when Tat is absent. It is possible that Tat is also needed for other functions during @entity2 replication. To test these hypotheses, we studied several tat mutants, including two stop codon mutants and one deletion mutant using replication-competent @entity3 constructs carrying wild-type or mutant LTRs with modifications in the NF-kappa B and/or Sp1 binding sites. In this study, we show that Tat- @entity3 with wild-type LTRs can replicate in HeLa cells, and the virus produced from HeLa cells can infect primary peripheral blood lymphocytes and macrophages. It was found that the propagation of the Tat mutants containing wild-type LTRs was less efficient than that of the LTR-modified Tat mutants. Large amounts of viral RNA and particles were synthesized in infections established using the tat mutants that contain modified LTRs. However, this efficient propagation of the LTR-modified tat mutants was restricted to some lymphoid cell lines that have been transformed with other viruses. Thus, despite its essential role for releasing an elongation block, Tat is not otherwise absolutely required for synthesis of full-length @entity2 transcripts and assembly of virus particles. Direct sequencing of the viral genomes and reinfection kinetics showed no evidence of wild-type reversion even after prolonged infection with the Tat- virus. The implications for in vivo @entity3 replication and potential application of this system to the study of alternative Tat function are discussed.

title: Infection and replication of Tat- XXXX @entity1 viruses: genetic analyses of LTR and tat mutations in primary and long-term @entity0 lymphoid cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Tat is an essential regulatory protein for the replication of @entity0 @entity1 virus (HIV). Mutations in the tat gene have been shown to block @entity2 replication in @entity0 T cells. Several studies have established that Tat releases an elongation block to the transcription of @entity2 long terminal repeat (LTR); however, it is not known whether this mechanism alone is sufficient to explain the block to @entity2 replication in @entity0 T cells when Tat is absent. It is possible that Tat is also needed for other functions during @entity2 replication. To test these hypotheses, we studied several tat mutants, including two stop codon mutants and one deletion mutant using replication-competent @entity3 constructs carrying wild-type or mutant LTRs with modifications in the NF-kappa B and/or Sp1 binding sites. In this study, we show that Tat- @entity3 with wild-type LTRs can replicate in HeLa cells, and the virus produced from HeLa cells can infect primary peripheral blood lymphocytes and macrophages. It was found that the propagation of the Tat mutants containing wild-type LTRs was less efficient than that of the LTR-modified Tat mutants. Large amounts of viral RNA and particles were synthesized in infections established using the tat mutants that contain modified LTRs. However, this efficient propagation of the LTR-modified tat mutants was restricted to some lymphoid cell lines that have been transformed with other viruses. Thus, despite its essential role for releasing an elongation block, Tat is not otherwise absolutely required for synthesis of full-length @entity2 transcripts and assembly of virus particles. Direct sequencing of the viral genomes and reinfection kinetics showed no evidence of wild-type reversion even after prolonged infection with the Tat- virus. The implications for in vivo @entity3 replication and potential application of this system to the study of alternative Tat function are discussed.

title: Infection and replication of Tat- @entity0 @entity1 viruses: genetic analyses of LTR and tat mutations in primary and long-term XXXX lymphoid cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This paper tries to evaluate the importance of @entity5 induced @entity2 . Based on our own experience and reported data we present the results obtained in a total of 588 @entity0 , in whom thyroid function and thyroid antibody occurrence was monitored during therapy with @entity5 : About 10% of these @entity0 developed @entity2 during @entity5 treatment. Half of them reacted with @entity3 , 3% with @entity4 and in 2% a biphasic ( @entity4 followed by @entity3 ) pattern of reaction was observed. The frequency of these @entity2 was increased in female @entity0 and in @entity0 with preexisting thyroid antibodies. The risk to develop @entity2 is reduced to 7% in @entity0 with no pretherapeutic thyroid antibodies. The evolution of the thyroid ailment is variable and therefore unpredictable. In many @entity0 there is no need to stop treatment with @entity5 nor to treat the @entity2 specifically. @entity5 induced @entity1 seem to be etiologically important for the development of @entity2 during @entity5 . The reported data allow in our view some basic recommendations for the clinician: thyroid function and thyroid antibodies should be evaluated before the start of treatment with @entity5 . During therapy with @entity5 these parameters should be regularly (eg every 4 months) monitored. In @entity0 with @entity2 already before @entity5 the control intervals should not be longer than every two months.

title: [Interferon-alpha-induced XXXX . A retrospective analysis of the literature and personal experiences].

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Grasp recovery after @entity3 ( @entity3 ) requires learning "tenodesis grasp" whereby active wrist extension elicits passive thumb-to-forefinger and finger-to-palm flexion. Evidence that @entity2 ( @entity2 ) promotes @entity4 after @entity1 is growing, but whether @entity2 potentiates grasp recovery in C6-C7- @entity3 individuals who have successfully learned the "tenodesis grasp" remains unknown. METHODS: Six chronic stable C6-C7- @entity3 inpatients and six healthy control @entity0 were included. C6-C7- @entity3 @entity0 imagined grasping movements and controls visualized geometric forms for 45 minutes, three times a week for five weeks. Three separate measures taken over a five week period before the intervention formed the baseline. Intervention effects were assessed immediately after the intervention and eight weeks later. Each testing session consisted of kinematic recordings during reach-to-grasp and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings during wrist extension. RESULTS: During baseline, kinematic wrist extension angle during "tenodesis grasp" and MEG contralateral sensorimotor cortex (cSMC) activity during wrist extension were stable. Moreover, @entity3 @entity0 exhibited a greater number of voxels within cSMC than controls. After @entity2 sessions, wrist extension angle increased during "tenodesis grasp" and the number of voxels within cSMC during wrist extension decreased and became similar to controls. CONCLUSION: These findings provide further support for the use of @entity2 to reinforce a compensatory grasping movement (tenodesis) and induce brain plasticity.

title: Improvement of grasping after XXXX in C6-C7 @entity1 : A kinematic and MEG pilot study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Grasp recovery after @entity3 ( @entity3 ) requires learning "tenodesis grasp" whereby active wrist extension elicits passive thumb-to-forefinger and finger-to-palm flexion. Evidence that @entity2 ( @entity2 ) promotes @entity4 after @entity1 is growing, but whether @entity2 potentiates grasp recovery in C6-C7- @entity3 individuals who have successfully learned the "tenodesis grasp" remains unknown. METHODS: Six chronic stable C6-C7- @entity3 inpatients and six healthy control @entity0 were included. C6-C7- @entity3 @entity0 imagined grasping movements and controls visualized geometric forms for 45 minutes, three times a week for five weeks. Three separate measures taken over a five week period before the intervention formed the baseline. Intervention effects were assessed immediately after the intervention and eight weeks later. Each testing session consisted of kinematic recordings during reach-to-grasp and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings during wrist extension. RESULTS: During baseline, kinematic wrist extension angle during "tenodesis grasp" and MEG contralateral sensorimotor cortex (cSMC) activity during wrist extension were stable. Moreover, @entity3 @entity0 exhibited a greater number of voxels within cSMC than controls. After @entity2 sessions, wrist extension angle increased during "tenodesis grasp" and the number of voxels within cSMC during wrist extension decreased and became similar to controls. CONCLUSION: These findings provide further support for the use of @entity2 to reinforce a compensatory grasping movement (tenodesis) and induce brain plasticity.

title: Improvement of grasping after @entity2 in C6-C7 XXXX : A kinematic and MEG pilot study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity11 ( @entity11 ) is a @entity12 characterized by cutaneous @entity8 , @entity8 associated with @entity5 and other @entity1 including @entity7 , and @entity6 . Only limited information about long-term outcome, including the societal integration of adult @entity0 , is available in the literature. Data on 52 adults with @entity11 , ages 18-63 years, ascertained through the Sturge-Weber Foundation, were obtained via written questionnaires, telephone interviews, and reviews of medical records. The distribution of @entity10 (cranial 98%, extracranial 52%) and the prevalences of @entity6 (60%), @entity5 (83%), @entity2 (65%), and other complications were established. The age of onset of @entity6 (0-41 years), the age of onset of @entity5 (0-23 years), and the correlation between the distribution of @entity10 and the prevalence of @entity5 was identified. The relationship between the age of onset of @entity5 and @entity5 control was established. In those with and without @entity5 , the prevalences of @entity4 (43% vs. 0%), emotional and @entity3 (85% vs. 58%), special education requirements (71% vs. 0%), and employability (46% vs. 78%) were analyzed. Overall, 39% were financially self-sufficient, and 55% were or could be married. Ten @entity0 produced 20 liveborn offspring; 17 were healthy, and @entity9 , a caf  -au-lait spot, and a "birthmark" were found in 1 @entity0 each. The results of this study can be used for genetic counseling in @entity11 .

title: Outcome of XXXX in 52 adults.

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are confusing data in literature regarding oral and sublingual @entity3 effects over blood pressure (BP) decrease. OBJECTIVES: In our study we compared oral and sublingual @entity3 effectiveness over BP decrease in @entity0 admitted to our Emergency Department with @entity1 urgency. METHODS: Our study was conducted from January 2012 to January 2013 in @entity0 with @entity1 urgency. In this cross-sectional study after two initial BP measurements, @entity0 were identified as eligible for the study. An initial electrocardiogram was obtained and blood samples were drawn. A total of 212 @entity0 were accepted as eligible for the study, and 25  mg of @entity3 was randomly given orally or sublingually; BP was measured at 10, 30, and 60  min. We selected the @entity0 to the groups consecutively. A 25% reduction of initial @entity4  h after initiation of the treatment was accepted as an accomplishment. A second 25  mg of @entity3 was given if the target of 25% reduction of BP was not reached after the first tablet. Intravenous drugs were administered to the @entity0 resistant to the @entity3 and these @entity0 were excluded from the study. RESULTS: The 10-min systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP, and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) decrease was more prominent in the sublingual @entity3 group (p  <  0.001). This decrease was statistically significant in the SBP and @entity2 at 30  min (p  <  0.001), and no statistical difference was recorded at 60  min (p  >  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, sublingual @entity3 was found to decrease BP more efficiently in the first 30  min, but this difference equalized at 60  min.

title: Sublingual vs. Oral XXXX in @entity1 Crisis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are confusing data in literature regarding oral and sublingual @entity3 effects over blood pressure (BP) decrease. OBJECTIVES: In our study we compared oral and sublingual @entity3 effectiveness over BP decrease in @entity0 admitted to our Emergency Department with @entity1 urgency. METHODS: Our study was conducted from January 2012 to January 2013 in @entity0 with @entity1 urgency. In this cross-sectional study after two initial BP measurements, @entity0 were identified as eligible for the study. An initial electrocardiogram was obtained and blood samples were drawn. A total of 212 @entity0 were accepted as eligible for the study, and 25  mg of @entity3 was randomly given orally or sublingually; BP was measured at 10, 30, and 60  min. We selected the @entity0 to the groups consecutively. A 25% reduction of initial @entity4  h after initiation of the treatment was accepted as an accomplishment. A second 25  mg of @entity3 was given if the target of 25% reduction of BP was not reached after the first tablet. Intravenous drugs were administered to the @entity0 resistant to the @entity3 and these @entity0 were excluded from the study. RESULTS: The 10-min systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP, and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) decrease was more prominent in the sublingual @entity3 group (p  <  0.001). This decrease was statistically significant in the SBP and @entity2 at 30  min (p  <  0.001), and no statistical difference was recorded at 60  min (p  >  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, sublingual @entity3 was found to decrease BP more efficiently in the first 30  min, but this difference equalized at 60  min.

title: Sublingual vs. Oral @entity3 in XXXX Crisis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Late @entity11 is defined as occurrence of @entity11 >48  h after delivery and is a rare clinical entity. The delayed onset and nonspecific symptoms at presentation make this entity a challenge to diagnose in @entity0 presenting to the @entity3 ( @entity3 ); however, early recognition and timely interventions are the keys to reducing morbidity and mortality in @entity0 with late @entity11 . CASE REPORT: A 28-year-old @entity0 presented to our @entity3 with a chief complaint of @entity1 of 4  days duration, 8  days after an uncomplicated, normal vaginal delivery. Her past medical history was unremarkable and her entire pregnancy was without medical incident. The @entity0 's examination was within normal limits other than a blood pressure of 152/111  mm Hg and pulse of 54 beats/min. Given her undifferentiated @entity1 and the possibility of @entity6 , the @entity0 was treated with @entity8 , which was subsequently stopped due to worsening @entity5 . @entity9 was administered for blood pressure control. Three hours after the @entity7 was stopped, the @entity0 reported @entity2 , which was immediately followed by a generalized @entity4 . After the @entity4 , @entity10 was given for control of @entity4 , and the @entity0 was admitted to the medical intensive care unit. The @entity0 was transferred to the postpartum floor 6  days later in stable condition and without any further @entity4 activity. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: @entity0 with late @entity11 are infrequently encountered in the @entity3 due to the rarity of this condition. Increased awareness of this entity among emergency physicians will lead to early interventions, which are crucial in decreasing morbidity and mortality in these @entity0 .

title: Late XXXX with Postpartum Angiopathy: An Uncommon Diagnosis in the Emergency Department.

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: Malnutrition affects the activities of daily living (ADLs) in convalescent @entity0 with @entity4 . We investigated the relationship between nutritional improvement, energy intake at admission, and recovery of ADLs. METHODS: We evaluated 67 @entity0 with @entity4 admitted to our rehabilitation hospital between April 2013 and April 2015. These @entity0 received interventions from the rehabilitation nutritional support team according to the following criteria: weight loss of 2   kg or more and body mass index of 19   kg/m(2) or lower. Exclusion criteria included a body mass index of 25   kg/m(2) or higher, duration of intervention of less than 14 days, or transfer to an acute care hospital because of clinical deterioration. We assessed nutritional status using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and ADL using the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) score, @entity1 gain, and @entity1 efficiency. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity0 was 78.7        8.0 years. The numbers of @entity0 in each category of @entity4 were 39 with @entity2 , 16 with @entity5 , 8 with @entity3 , and 4 others. Compared with the counterpart group, the group with an improvement in GNRI had a greater gain in @entity1 (median 17 and 20, respectively; P   =   .036) and a higher @entity1 efficiency (.14 and .22, respectively; P   =   .020). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that an improvement in GNRI, increasing energy intake at admission, and @entity5 were associated independently with greater @entity1 efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that nutritional improvement and energy intake at admission are associated with recovery of ADL after @entity4 .

title: Nutritional Improvement and Energy Intake Are Associated with Functional Recovery in @entity0 after XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Malnutrition affects the activities of daily living (ADLs) in convalescent @entity0 with @entity4 . We investigated the relationship between nutritional improvement, energy intake at admission, and recovery of ADLs. METHODS: We evaluated 67 @entity0 with @entity4 admitted to our rehabilitation hospital between April 2013 and April 2015. These @entity0 received interventions from the rehabilitation nutritional support team according to the following criteria: weight loss of 2   kg or more and body mass index of 19   kg/m(2) or lower. Exclusion criteria included a body mass index of 25   kg/m(2) or higher, duration of intervention of less than 14 days, or transfer to an acute care hospital because of clinical deterioration. We assessed nutritional status using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and ADL using the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) score, @entity1 gain, and @entity1 efficiency. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity0 was 78.7        8.0 years. The numbers of @entity0 in each category of @entity4 were 39 with @entity2 , 16 with @entity5 , 8 with @entity3 , and 4 others. Compared with the counterpart group, the group with an improvement in GNRI had a greater gain in @entity1 (median 17 and 20, respectively; P   =   .036) and a higher @entity1 efficiency (.14 and .22, respectively; P   =   .020). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that an improvement in GNRI, increasing energy intake at admission, and @entity5 were associated independently with greater @entity1 efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that nutritional improvement and energy intake at admission are associated with recovery of ADL after @entity4 .

title: Nutritional Improvement and Energy Intake Are Associated with Functional Recovery in XXXX after @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Shoulder subluxation after @entity0 has been associated with @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity4 , and @entity5 . Clinical diagnosis and gradation of subluxation is problematic due to the lack of precision in frequently used measures. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of clinical techniques used to assess inferior subluxation of the hemiplegic shoulder by comparing these techniques with radiographic measurement. METHOD: In 20 male subjects with @entity3 , the presence, type, and degree of subluxation was assessed with three clinical measures: palpation, arm length discrepancy, and thermoplastic jig measurement. Anterior-posterior X rays of the hemiplegic shoulder were taken after clinical examination. RESULTS: Spearman rank correlation coefficients between the X rays and the three clinical measures were relatively low. Palpation had the highest correlation (rs = .76), followed by arm length discrepancy (rs = .46), and thermoplastic jig measurement (rs = .42). CONCLUSION: These findings provide cautious optimism about using these clinical measures to identify subluxation. Although detection was best with palpation, the likely inability to determine clinical overcorrecting of subluxation makes use of palpation alone suspect. Improved techniques of arm length measurement may provide a solution to this problem. These findings further necessitate that improved procedures for clinical assessment of subluxation be developed.

title: Validity of clinical measures of shoulder subluxation in adults with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: With the introduction of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and image-guided plan-of-the-day strategies, the treatment of @entity1 has become more sensitive to intra-fraction uncertainties. In this study we quantified intra-fraction changes in cervix-uterus shape, bladder and rectum filling, and @entity0 setup using pre- and post-fraction CBCT scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 632 CBCT scans were analyzed for 16 @entity0 with large tip-of-uterus displacement (>2.5cm) measured in an empty and full bladder CT scan. In all scans, the bladder, cervix-uterus, and rectum were delineated. For rectum and bladder, intra-fraction volume changes were assessed. Systematic cervix-uterus intra-fraction displacements were obtained by non-rigidly aligning the pre-fraction cervix-uterus to that in the post-fraction CBCT. Intra-fraction @entity0 setup changes were obtained by rigidly aligning pre- and post-CBCTs using the bony anatomy. RESULTS: The mean time between pre- and post-fraction CBCT scan was 20.8min. The group-mean intra-fraction displacements averaged over the cervix-uterus were 0.1  1.4/1.8  1.5/-2.8  1.8 (LR/CC/AP) mm. The group-mean 5th and 95th percentile intra-fraction displacements were -2.3,2.1/-0.8,4.9/-5.8,0.5 (LR/CC/AP) mm. There was a significant correlation between bladder inflow rate and cervix-uterus motion (r=0.6 and p<0.01). Intra-fraction changes in @entity0 setup were 1.3/0.4/0.6 and 1.4/1.0/1.1mm (LR/CC/AP), for systematic and random changes, respectively. CONCLUSION: Intra-fraction cervix-uterus motion can be considerable and should be taken into account using appropriate @entity2 margins.

title: Quantification of intra-fraction changes during radiotherapy of XXXX assessed with pre- and post-fraction Cone Beam CT scans.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Restricted T-cell receptor V beta gene use in animal models of @entity4 has led to the development of strategies to treat @entity4 by targeting the T-cell receptors of the pathogenic T-cells. Restricted T-cell receptor gene use has been noted in @entity0 @entity4 such as @entity2 and @entity1 . We report here the finding of restricted T-cell receptor gene use in @entity5 , as well. Our results show an elevated skin (over PBL) expression of V beta 3 and/or V beta 13.1 messages in the @entity3 + T-cells in a majority of @entity0 studied. @entity6 sequence analysis on these two V beta s from the skin demonstrated monoclonality or marked oligoclonality. A second biopsy performed 3.5 to 8 months later in four @entity0 , at the same or different lesions, again revealed an elevated V beta 3 and/or V beta 13.1 expression and clonality. Moreover, in three of the four @entity0 , the same TcR V beta @entity6 rearrangement was found in both biopsies, although there was no V beta @entity6 homology noted between @entity0 . In two @entity0 in which V beta 3 and/or V beta 13.1 was not elevated in the @entity3 + T-cell population, an increase in V beta 17 gene use and clonality was found. The persistence of V beta 3- and/or V beta 13.1-bearing @entity3 + T-cells in lesions that did not undergo resolution suggests their role as effector cells rather than as regulatory cells. The effector function of these @entity3 + T-cells is further supported by the clonality of TcR V beta sequence data, which indicates they are recruited and expanded in situ. The V beta s identified in this study are candidate targets for selective immunotherapeutic intervention in @entity5 .

title: XXXX + T-cells in psoriatic lesions preferentially use T-cell receptors V beta 3 and/or V beta 13.1 genes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) are a common reason for health problems and sick leave in many professions. A work arena where @entity0 have not been sufficiently studied is stable work. Here many heavy and repetitive work tasks are performed manually with old-fashioned working tools. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to use an analytical approach to identify, evaluate and grade ergonomic problems in physical work performed during daily activities in @entity1 stables and relate these to @entity0 among the workers and to the design of the tools. METHODS: Three common work tasks were studied to identify, evaluate and grade ergonomic problems; mucking out, sweeping and bedding replacement. Used methods were Hierarchical Task Analysis, Heuristic Evaluation and Rapid Entire Body Assessment. RESULTS: Several high-risk operations were found in mucking out boxes and disposal of bedding material. The problems consisted of awkward working postures such as a twisted and bent back, arms in an elevated position, wrists in extreme joint positions and handling of heavy loads. CONCLUSIONS: By using an analytical approach it is possible to identify presumptive ergonomic problems without extensive empirical research. In most high-risk operations, long-shafted tools or a wheelbarrow were used, which emphasize a need to develop tools with better ergonomic design to improve the working situation. The limitation is that the ergonomics problems found are not finally validated. The results show where deeper empirical research is needed, both regarding how @entity0 occur and how tools and environment contribute to physical problems.

title: An analytical ergonomic risk evaluation of body postures during daily cleaning tasks in XXXX stables.

answer: @entity1


abstract: During a 26 years' period, 547 thromboembolectomies were undertaken for acute limb ischaemia. The portion of @entity4 was 17.7% (97/547). The annual incidence of surgically treated acute @entity4 was 1.3 cases/100,000/year during the last 15 years of study period. There were 91 @entity0 , 45 males and 46 females, ranging from 17 to 92 years with a median age of 73 years. Pulselessness (96), @entity5 (94), @entity1 (85), paraesthesia (45) and dysfunction (45) of the affected limb were the main symptoms. The right upper limb was more often affected (59/38, P < 0.05). An embolus originating from the heart was the reason for the ischaemia in 71 cases, while in 11 cases the occlusion was caused by a local @entity2 . In 15 cases the origin of the embolus remained unsolved. In five cases an additional arterial reconstruction was needed to restore the circulation. Reembolectomy of the same limb was needed in five cases, and additionally in two @entity0 , a third embolectomy was unavoidable. A secondary humeral amputation was necessary for one @entity0 . Eleven @entity0 (11.3%) died within 30 days and of these nine did so from recurrent @entity3 . The mortality was not related to the duration of the ischaemia, but rather to @entity0 ' general condition. During a mean follow-up time of 50 weeks a good functional result was achieved in 78 cases (80.4%). The clinical results in ischaemia caused by @entity3 are markedly better than those of local @entity2 (P < 0.001).

title: Outcome of surgical treatment in acute XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The routine workflow for @entity1 diagnostics includes biopsy processing by @entity3 fixation and paraffin embedding. It has been shown only recently that this kind of sample can be used for gene expression analysis with microarrays. To support this view, the authors conducted a microarray study using @entity3 -fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) core needle biopsies from @entity0 . Typically, for the 3'-biased chip type that was used, the probe sets interrogate sequences near the poly-A-tail of the transcripts, and this kind of probe turned out to be suitable to measure RNA levels in FFPE biopsies. For ER and @entity4 , the authors observed strong correlations between RNA levels and protein expression (p = 0.000003 and p = 0.0022). ER and @entity4 classification of the biopsies by the RNA levels was feasible with high sensitivity and specificity (AUROC = 0.93 and AUROC = 0.96). Furthermore, a signature of 346 genes was identified that correlated with ER and a signature of 528 genes that correlated with @entity4 protein status. Many of these genes (ER: 63%) could be confirmed by analysis of gene expression data from frozen tissues. The findings support the notion that clinically relevant information can be gained from microarray analyses of FFPE @entity2 biopsies. This opens new opportunities for biomarker detection studies and the integration of microarrays into the workflow of @entity2 diagnostics.

title: Genome-wide gene expression profiling of @entity3 -fixed paraffin-embedded XXXX core biopsies using microarrays.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The routine workflow for @entity1 diagnostics includes biopsy processing by @entity3 fixation and paraffin embedding. It has been shown only recently that this kind of sample can be used for gene expression analysis with microarrays. To support this view, the authors conducted a microarray study using @entity3 -fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) core needle biopsies from @entity0 . Typically, for the 3'-biased chip type that was used, the probe sets interrogate sequences near the poly-A-tail of the transcripts, and this kind of probe turned out to be suitable to measure RNA levels in FFPE biopsies. For ER and @entity4 , the authors observed strong correlations between RNA levels and protein expression (p = 0.000003 and p = 0.0022). ER and @entity4 classification of the biopsies by the RNA levels was feasible with high sensitivity and specificity (AUROC = 0.93 and AUROC = 0.96). Furthermore, a signature of 346 genes was identified that correlated with ER and a signature of 528 genes that correlated with @entity4 protein status. Many of these genes (ER: 63%) could be confirmed by analysis of gene expression data from frozen tissues. The findings support the notion that clinically relevant information can be gained from microarray analyses of FFPE @entity2 biopsies. This opens new opportunities for biomarker detection studies and the integration of microarrays into the workflow of @entity2 diagnostics.

title: Genome-wide gene expression profiling of XXXX -fixed paraffin-embedded @entity0 core biopsies using microarrays.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The left supraclavicular lymph node ( @entity8 ) may be involved by metastatic @entity2 , including those of abdominal or pelvic origin. Almost all previous studies have been based on examination of surgically sampled tissue or postmortem examination. To our knowledge, there has not been a study for nearly 40 years addressing the metastatic pattern to the left supraclavicular lymph node. Furthermore, there has been no study comparing left with right supraclavicular lymph node @entity1 or the utilization of fine-needle aspiration biopsy to samples these sites. DESIGN: A retrospective review of 152 fine-needle aspiration biopsies of supraclavicular lymph nodes was performed, and the @entity2 were grouped into six diagnostic categories from five primary regions. RESULTS: The @entity0 ranged in age from 2 years to 94 years (average, 55 years) and consisted of 66 males and 83 females. Three @entity0 were biopsied twice. Of the 152 fine-needle aspirations, 87 (57.2%) were of the left supraclavicular lymph node and 65 (42.8%) of the right supraclavicular lymph node. Of the 96 biopsies positive for @entity2 , 58 (60.4%) were biopsies of the left and 38 (39.6%) were of the right supraclavicular lymph nodes. Sixteen of 19 @entity4 and all six primary @entity2 metastasized to the left supraclavicular lymph node. Thorax, breast, and head and neck @entity2 showed no differences in metastatic patterns to the right and left supraclavicular lymph nodes. Ten @entity0 (10.4% of positive nodes) had a diagnosis of @entity7 , @entity6 , or @entity5 . Six @entity0 (7.1% of positive nodes) had a @entity1 of unknown primary site, and 19 cases (19.8%) had @entity3 ; seven of the latter cases demonstrated acid-fast bacilli in the aspirated smears. CONCLUSIONS: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy is an excellent initial procedure in the workup of an enlarged supraclavicular lymph node. Our study confirmed that @entity2 originating in the pelvis or abdomen were significantly more likely to metastasize to the left supraclavicular lymph node and that the primary site and types of @entity2 that involved the left supraclavicular lymph node were different from those involving the right supraclavicular lymph node.

title: XXXX revisited. Analysis with clinicopathologic correlation of 152 fine-needle aspiration biopsies of supraclavicular lymph nodes.

answer: @entity8


abstract: A decreased @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and plasma volume (PV) have been consistently found in @entity0 after return from spaceflight. @entity1 flown on the Spacelab Life Sciences-1 mission were studied to assess changes in @entity3 , PV, erythropoiesis, and @entity2 economy. The @entity3 and PV increased in both ground control and flight animals as expected for growing @entity1 . However on landing day, both the @entity3 and PV, when normalized for body mass, were significantly decreased in the spaceflight animals. During an 8-d postflight observation period, @entity2 incorporation into circulating red blood cells was diminished in the flight animals. During the first 4 d postflight, increases in reticulocyte counts were significantly smaller in the flight than the control animals. Fewer @entity4 -responsive progenitor cells were recovered from the bone marrow of flight animals after landing than control rats. Serum @entity4 ( @entity4 ) levels were the same in both groups. Thus, @entity1 subjected to a 9-d spaceflight had less increase in @entity3 than controls and diminished erythropoiesis during an 8-d post-spaceflight observation period. The @entity1 , like @entity0 , appears to require a smaller blood volume in microgravity.

title: Blood volume and erythropoiesis in the XXXX during spaceflight.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity1 rates among animals treated with @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity6 @entity7 using an anastomotic "tuck" model. DESIGN: Single-blind randomized animal study. SETTING: An animal laboratory at a tertiary care academic referral center. SUBJECTS: Forty-two retired Lewis breeder @entity0 divided into 3 equal groups. INTERVENTIONS: Before surgical intervention, 1 group received @entity2 (10 mg/kg) through gavage; 1 group, @entity4 (5 mg/kg) through gavage; and the final group, @entity5 (3 mg/kg) through intramuscular injection. Each @entity0 was then anesthetized, and the femoral veins were prepared bilaterally. A 180   venotomy was made, and the vessels were anastomosed with the tuck model set-up for anastomotic failure. The vessels were checked for patency every 15 minutes for 2 hours after clamp removal. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The rate of @entity1 and the time to @entity3 . RESULTS: In both the @entity2 and @entity4 groups, 2 of 28 vessels (7%) were thrombosed. @entity3 occurred in 3 of 28 vessels (11%) in the @entity6 group (P = .86). All @entity3 in the @entity2 and @entity4 groups took place at 7.5 minutes after clamp removal. In the @entity6 group, the mean time to @entity3 was 7.5 minutes (range, 0-22.5 minutes). There was no difference in time to @entity3 among the 3 groups (P = .86). CONCLUSION: Using a microvenous tuck model set-up for anastomotic failure, we found no difference in the rate of @entity3 or the time to @entity3 in @entity0 pretreated with @entity2 , @entity4 , or @entity6 .

title: Effects of antithrombogenic agents on microvenous anastomoses in a XXXX model.

answer: @entity0