abstract: Twenty-three @entity0 with @entity4 were evaluated preoperatively with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Twenty @entity0 also underwent thallium-201/ @entity3 scintigraphy. Of 22 @entity0 with @entity2 , 12 had persistent or recurrent disease. One had @entity5 due to @entity1 . MR imaging allowed accurate localization of abnormal parathyroid glands in 64% evaluated prospectively and 82% evaluated retrospectively. Scintigraphy allowed localization of 60% evaluated prospectively and 70% retrospectively. The two imaging modalities together allowed detection of 68% evaluated prospectively and 91% retrospectively. MR imaging allowed detection of two of five mediastinal adenomas evaluated prospectively and four of five retrospectively. In @entity0 who underwent both imaging studies, MR was more successful in those with previous neck surgery (73% evaluated prospectively and 91% retrospectively) than in those with no prior surgery (57% prospectively and 71% retrospectively). Scintigraphy allowed accurate localization in 64% evaluated prospectively and 64% retrospectively in @entity0 with previous surgery versus 57% prospectively and 86% retrospectively in @entity0 with no prior neck surgery. Four false-positive results were obtained with MR imaging and three with scintigraphy. MR imaging was useful for parathyroid localization in @entity0 with @entity4 , particularly in @entity0 requiring additional surgery.

title: XXXX : comparison of MR imaging with radionuclide scanning.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In 8 anesthetized mongrel @entity0 , we studied the effects of @entity2 -induced bronchoconstriction (BC) on the cardiovascular system. Inhalation of @entity2 in an amount sufficient to produce at least a 50% decrease in lung conductance (GL) did not lead to significant changes in cardiac output, mean transmural left atrial ( @entity1 ) or right atrial pressure, end-diastolic left ventricular septal-lateral dimension, left ventricular apex to base dimension, or in end-diastolic right ventricular septal to lateral dimension during expiration. Mean transmural pulmonary arterial pressure rose and mean transmural aortic pressure (Pao) fell during BC. During inspiration, there were significant increases in transmural left atrial pressure, @entity1 , associated with decreases in end-diastolic left ventricular septal-lateral and apex-base dimensions. End-diastolic right ventricular septal-lateral dimension increased during inspiration. Beat-to-beat aortic flow (Qao) decreased during inspiration, while pulmonary arterial flow increased. There were no changes in transmural Pao during inspiration measured at the nadir of aortic flow. During BC, these changes were exaggerated, but remained qualitatively the same. The magnitude of the inspiratory decrease in pleural pressure (Ppl) was shown to be linearly related to the magnitude of the change in GL, and the magnitude of the inspiratory decrease in Pao and Qao (pulsus paradoxus) was shown to be linearly related to the magnitude of the inspiratory swing in Ppl. Although vagotomy significantly altered the pattern of respiration such that tidal volume increased and respiratory rate decreased, it did not substantially alter the responses of the cardiovascular system to breathing during BC. We conclude: the inspiratory decrease in Pao and Qao (pulsus paradoxus) is associated with a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic filling, and a stiffening of the left ventricle; these changes are exaggerated during BC as a result of the exaggerated inspiratory swings in Ppl; the effects on left ventricular dynamics are mediated only in part through increases in right ventricular end-diastolic filling operating through the mechanism of ventricular interdependence; changes in left ventricular afterload appear to play little role in determining the responses seen.

title: Cardiovascular performance during bronchospasm in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Onchocerca cervicalis microfilariae (mf) were injected s.c. into the scalp between the eyes of CBA/H @entity0 . Invasion was followed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and H _ E stained serial sections at varying times post infection. The first mf observed were found 24 hr p.i. on the corneal surface in tear fluid. At 48 hr mf were observed actively swimming in the anterior chamber and by 3 d in the @entity3 . Histologically mf appeared in orbital muscle connective tissue, subcutaneously in the eyebrows at the eyelid/conjunctiva junction from 6 hr p.i. By 12 hr some mf had moved into the suprascleral muscle junctions, the sclera and into the superior @entity3 . By 24 hr mf were present in larger numbers in all these sites. Mf were found in all eyes up to 42 d p.i. No mf were seen in any sections of the retina or optic nerve. Rabbit antiserum raised to mf, used in an avidin- @entity2 immunostain to check whether mf might have been hidden within the retinal nuclear layers, revealed no mf although they were plainly seen in other ocular tissues. Retinal invasion was induced by injection of mf into the lateral tail vein: serial sections revealed mf associated with blood vessels in the sclera, suprascleral @entity1 and inner plexiform layer of the retina from 5 min p.i.

title: Invasion of the XXXX eye by Onchocerca microfilariae.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The current @entity1 -node- @entity0 staging system for the pancreas does not incorporate the number of lymph nodes (LNs) with @entity0 . METHODS: Among 1649 pancreaticoduodenectomies, 227 stringently defined @entity2 ( @entity2 ) that had undergone a specific approach of LN harvesting were analyzed for the prognostic value of LN substaging protocols used for other gastrointestinal (GI) organs. RESULTS: The median number of LNs harvested was 18, and the median number of LNs with @entity0 was 3. Lymph node @entity0 was detected in 175 cases (77  %). The number of LNs involved correlated significantly with clinical outcome. When cases were substaged with the protocol already in use for the upper GI organs (N0: no @entity0 , N1: @entity0 to 1-2 LNs; N2: @entity0 to >= 3 LNs), the median overall survival times were 35, 21, and 18  months, and the respective 3-year survival rates were 46, 34, and 20  % (p  =  0.004). Analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database also confirmed the survival differences between these substages (median overall survival times of 23, 15, and 14  months and respective 3-year survival rates of 37, 22, and 18  %; p  <  0.0001). The substaging protocol for the lower GI organs (N0: no @entity0 ; N1: @entity0 to 1-3 LNs; N2: @entity0 to >= 4 LNs) also was significant, with median overall survival times of 35, 21, 18  months and respective 3-year survival rates of 46, 26, and 23  %; p  =  0.009). The association between higher N stage and shorter survival persisted with multivariate modeling for both protocols, although the prognostic value of the upper GI protocol appeared to be slightly stronger according to the Akaike Information Criterion method. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, with proper LN harvesting, the LN @entity0 rate in @entity2 is very high (77  %). Substaging of LN @entity0 has significant prognostic value and needs to be considered in the N staging of @entity2 . The protocol already in use for other upper GI tract organs, which currently also is proven significant for ampulla, would be preferable, although the lower GI tract protocol also is applicable.

title: Substaging of Lymph Node Status in Resected XXXX Has Strong Prognostic Correlations: Proposal for a Revised N Classification for TNM Staging.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the number of nodes harvested and the rate of node positivity, and to evaluate the effect of @entity2 nanoparticles (CNPs) in improving lymph node detection and staging accuracy in @entity0 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by curative resection. STUDY DESIGN: Between September 2008 and June 2014, 152 consecutive @entity1 @entity0 treated with NCRT and curative resection were included. Forty-five @entity0 underwent preoperative submucosal injection of CNPs ( @entity3 group); the other @entity0 underwent surgery only (control group). The relationship between the number of lymph nodes harvested and the rate of node positivity was investigated. A comparison of the number of harvested lymph nodes and the node positivity rate between the 2 groups was also performed. The lymph nodes in the @entity3 group were analyzed in detail. RESULTS: The rate of node positivity increased gradually from 8.6% in @entity0 with 1 to 5 nodes assessed to 37.8% in @entity0 with 17 to 44 nodes assessed. The number of lymph nodes harvested was an independent risk factor for node positivity (p  = 0.036). The mean number of lymph nodes retrieved in the @entity3 group was more than in the control group (21.1 vs 8.0, p  = 0.000). The percentage of @entity0 with positive lymph nodes was lower than in the control group (19.6% vs 35.6%, p  = 0.037). In the @entity3 group, of 58 metastatic lymph nodes, 45 (77.6%) were dyed. Of 37 metastatic lymph nodes smaller than 5 mm, 33 (89.2%) were dyed. CONCLUSIONS: More precise oncologic prognosis assessment was provided for @entity0 with @entity1 after NCRT by increasing the number of lymph nodes counted using a dye-tracing method, indicating that the use of CNPs is beneficial.

title: Preoperative Submucosal Injection of XXXX Nanoparticles Improves Lymph Node Staging Accuracy in @entity1 after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the number of nodes harvested and the rate of node positivity, and to evaluate the effect of @entity2 nanoparticles (CNPs) in improving lymph node detection and staging accuracy in @entity0 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by curative resection. STUDY DESIGN: Between September 2008 and June 2014, 152 consecutive @entity1 @entity0 treated with NCRT and curative resection were included. Forty-five @entity0 underwent preoperative submucosal injection of CNPs ( @entity3 group); the other @entity0 underwent surgery only (control group). The relationship between the number of lymph nodes harvested and the rate of node positivity was investigated. A comparison of the number of harvested lymph nodes and the node positivity rate between the 2 groups was also performed. The lymph nodes in the @entity3 group were analyzed in detail. RESULTS: The rate of node positivity increased gradually from 8.6% in @entity0 with 1 to 5 nodes assessed to 37.8% in @entity0 with 17 to 44 nodes assessed. The number of lymph nodes harvested was an independent risk factor for node positivity (p  = 0.036). The mean number of lymph nodes retrieved in the @entity3 group was more than in the control group (21.1 vs 8.0, p  = 0.000). The percentage of @entity0 with positive lymph nodes was lower than in the control group (19.6% vs 35.6%, p  = 0.037). In the @entity3 group, of 58 metastatic lymph nodes, 45 (77.6%) were dyed. Of 37 metastatic lymph nodes smaller than 5 mm, 33 (89.2%) were dyed. CONCLUSIONS: More precise oncologic prognosis assessment was provided for @entity0 with @entity1 after NCRT by increasing the number of lymph nodes counted using a dye-tracing method, indicating that the use of CNPs is beneficial.

title: Preoperative Submucosal Injection of @entity2 Nanoparticles Improves Lymph Node Staging Accuracy in XXXX after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Low bioavailability of @entity6 (LD), an @entity1 channel blocker pose many challenges in the treatment of @entity0 . The objective of this study was to formulate and characterize LD self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) to improve oral bioavailability of the drug. Formulations were evaluated for globule size, surface morphology, emulsification time, cloud point, drug content, in vitro dissolution, ex vivo permeation, stability and oral bioavailability studies. Captex 810D, @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity7 and @entity2 was selected based on the solubility study results. The optimized SNEDDS readily gets nanoemulsified at 37    C with droplet size of 41  nm when mixed with 200 times of its water. Transmission electron microscope photographs confirmed the spherical shape of the globules. In vitro dissolution of SNEDDS showed more than 80  % of drug release within 15  min. The ex vivo permeation of LD from SNEDDS is 4.8- and 9-fold higher compared to pure drug in the absence and presence of @entity3 respectively. The stability study of the SNEDDS confirmed no environmental effect on the physical nature and drug content. Oral bioavailability of SNEDDS is 2.5 times higher than marketed tablet. The results suggest that, the SNEDDS formulation can be used as a possible alternative for the traditional oral formulations of LD to improve its oral bioavailability.

title: XXXX self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for the enhancement of oral bioavailability.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Collagen VI (COLVI), a protein ubiquitously expressed in connective tissues, is crucial for structural integrity, cellular adhesion, migration and survival. Six different genes are recognized in @entity0 , encoding six COLVI-chains that assemble as two 'short' (a1, a2) and one 'long' chain (theoretically any one of a3-6). In @entity0 , defects in the most widely expressed heterotrimer (a123), due to mutations in the @entity6 -3 genes, cause a heterogeneous group of @entity4 , collectively termed COLVI-related @entity1 . Little is known about the function(s) of the recently described a4-6 chains and no mutations have been detected yet. In this study, we characterized two novel COLVI long chains in @entity3 that are most homologous to the @entity0 a4 chain; therefore, we named the corresponding genes col6a4a and col6a4b. These orthologues represent ancestors of the @entity0 Col6a4-6 genes. By in situ hybridization and RT-qPCR, we unveiled a distinctive expression kinetics for col6a4b, compared with the other col6a genes. Using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides targeting col6a4a, col6a4b and @entity5 , we modelled @entity2 , respectively. All morphant embryos presented altered muscle structure and impaired motility. While apoptosis was not drastically increased, autophagy induction was defective in all morphants. Furthermore, motoneuron axon growth was abnormal in these morphants. Importantly, some phenotypical differences emerged between col6a4a and col6a4b morphants, suggesting only partial functional redundancy. Overall, our results further confirm the importance of COLVI in @entity3 muscle development and may provide important clues for potential @entity0 phenotypes associated with deficiency of the recently described COLVI-chains.

title: Two novel COLVI long chains in XXXX that are essential for muscle development.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim was to describe and analyze the management of hemothorax (HTX) and the occurrence of @entity5 after endovascular repair of thoracic @entity6 (TEVAR). METHODS: This was a multicenter study with retrospective analysis. Between November 2000 and December 2012, all @entity0 with confirmed HTX due to rupture of the descending thoracic aorta treated with TEVAR were included. Respiratory function (acid base status, Pao2, Paco2, @entity3 , and respiratory index) was monitored throughout hospitalization. Primary endpoints were survival and post-operative @entity5 . RESULTS: Fifty-six @entity0 were treated. The mean age was 62      21 years (range 18-92 years). Etiology included @entity1 (n  =  23, 41%), @entity2 (n  =  20, 36%), Debakey type IIIa dissection (n  =  8, 14%), and penetrating aortic @entity4 (n  =  5, 9%). The primary technical success of TEVAR was 100%. The in hospital mortality rate was 12.5% (n  =  7). Hemothorax was drained in 21 (37.5%) cases. In hospital @entity5 occurred in 23 (41%) @entity0 who required a longer intensive care unit stay (days 2.3      0.7 vs. 1.9      0.8, p  =  .017), and hospitalization (26      17 vs. 19      17, p  =  .021). Those who developed post-operative @entity5 had lower pre-operative @entity8 values (mmHg, 80      24 vs. 91      21, p  =  .012). @entity5 and in hospital mortality did not differ among aortic pathologies (p  =  .269 and p  =  1.0, respectively), nor did in hospital mortality differ between @entity0 with and without @entity5 (13% vs. 12%; p  =  .990). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 still has a high mortality rate. @entity5 have not been eliminated by endovascular repair. HTX evacuation may have had a positive influence on the survival in these @entity0 . Although traumatic and degenerative @entity1 are two significantly different scenarios, survival and respiratory outcomes were similar and were not affected by the underlying @entity7 .

title: Hemothorax Management After Endovascular Treatment For XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study is to prospectively identify factors that predict the chance of @entity1 (detected clinically or on postoperative X-ray chest) during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). All @entity0 with renal/upper ureteric stones, undergoing PCNL between January 2013 and June 2014, were evaluated for @entity1 . An erect chest X-ray on inspiration was done within 6 h of PCNL. The @entity0 were divided into Groups A and B depending on whether they developed or did not develop @entity1 . @entity0 -, stone-, renal-, and procedure-related factors were compared between the two groups. 332 @entity0 with mean age 36.76      15.01  years (range 4-80) and M:F of 172:160 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. @entity2 occurred in 10 @entity0 (3  %). Of 141 @entity0 with supracostal punctures (59 had additional infracostal punctures), 4.2  % (n  =  6) had @entity1 . Of 191 @entity0 with only infracostal punctures, 4 developed @entity1 (2  %). @entity0 in group A had significantly lower age (27.00      11.18 vs. 37.06      15.03, p  =  0.03) and lower BMI (18.0      1.90 vs. 21.12      2.24 p  =  0.002). Incidence of @entity1 was significantly higher (p  =  0.001) on right side [4.0  % (7/172) vs. 1.8  %, 3/160)]. Incidence of @entity1 had no association with staghorn calculi, stone surface area (590.51      313.88 for Group A vs. 593.02      387.10 for Group B; p  =  0.11), degree of @entity3 , and operative time (65.13      19.45 for Group A vs. 72.21      19.56 for Group B; p  =  0.06). On multivariate analysis, only low BMI and mean age  <27  years were associated with higher risk of @entity1 . Higher incidence of @entity1 was noted in @entity0 with low BMI and younger age.

title: Evaluation of factors predicting clinical XXXX during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the current era, where @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has become an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified subspecialty, new data are needed to benchmark and value levels of clinical effort performed by @entity1 specialists (AHFMDs). METHODS AND RESULTS: A 36-question survey was sent to 728 AHFMDs members of the @entity1 Society of America, and 224 (31% responded). Overall, 56% worked in academic medical centers (AMCs) and were younger (48    9 years vs. 52    10 years, p < 0.01) and had a higher proportion of @entity0 (34% vs. 21%, p < 0.01) compared to non-AMCs. The percentage of time in clinical care was lower in @entity2 (64    19% vs. 78    18 %, p = 0.002), with similar concentration on E_M services (79    18 % in @entity2 vs. 72    18 % in non- @entity2 , p = NS). The majority of non-clinical time was spent in program administration (10% in both AMCs and non-AMCs) and education/ research (15% in @entity2 vs. 5% in non-AMCs). Although 69% of respondents were compensated by work relative value units (wRVUs), only a small percentage knew their target or the amount of RVU generated. The mean annual wRVUs generated were lower in @entity2 compared to non- @entity2 (5452   1961 vs. 9071    3484), p < 0.001). The annual compensation in @entity2 was lower than non- @entity2 (45% vs. 10% below  250,000 and 17% vs. 61% over  350,000, p < 0.001) and the satisfaction with compensation was higher in non-AMCs. CONCLUSIONS: AHFMDs compensation is largely dependent by practice type ( @entity2 vs. non- @entity2 ) and clinical productivity, as measured by wRVUs. These data provide an opportunity for benchmarking work effort and compensation for AHFMDs, allowing distinction from segments of cardiologists with greater opportunity to accrue procedural wRVUs. They also show several differences between @entity2 and non- @entity2 that should be considered when formulating work assignment and compensation for AHFMDs.

title: Activities and Compensation of Advanced XXXX Specialists: Results of the @entity1 Society of America (HFSA) Survey.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the current era, where @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has become an American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) certified subspecialty, new data are needed to benchmark and value levels of clinical effort performed by @entity1 specialists (AHFMDs). METHODS AND RESULTS: A 36-question survey was sent to 728 AHFMDs members of the @entity1 Society of America, and 224 (31% responded). Overall, 56% worked in academic medical centers (AMCs) and were younger (48    9 years vs. 52    10 years, p < 0.01) and had a higher proportion of @entity0 (34% vs. 21%, p < 0.01) compared to non-AMCs. The percentage of time in clinical care was lower in @entity2 (64    19% vs. 78    18 %, p = 0.002), with similar concentration on E_M services (79    18 % in @entity2 vs. 72    18 % in non- @entity2 , p = NS). The majority of non-clinical time was spent in program administration (10% in both AMCs and non-AMCs) and education/ research (15% in @entity2 vs. 5% in non-AMCs). Although 69% of respondents were compensated by work relative value units (wRVUs), only a small percentage knew their target or the amount of RVU generated. The mean annual wRVUs generated were lower in @entity2 compared to non- @entity2 (5452   1961 vs. 9071    3484), p < 0.001). The annual compensation in @entity2 was lower than non- @entity2 (45% vs. 10% below  250,000 and 17% vs. 61% over  350,000, p < 0.001) and the satisfaction with compensation was higher in non-AMCs. CONCLUSIONS: AHFMDs compensation is largely dependent by practice type ( @entity2 vs. non- @entity2 ) and clinical productivity, as measured by wRVUs. These data provide an opportunity for benchmarking work effort and compensation for AHFMDs, allowing distinction from segments of cardiologists with greater opportunity to accrue procedural wRVUs. They also show several differences between @entity2 and non- @entity2 that should be considered when formulating work assignment and compensation for AHFMDs.

title: Activities and Compensation of Advanced @entity1 Specialists: Results of the XXXX Society of America (HFSA) Survey.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 from war require an emergency treatment whose objective is to quickly obtain hemostasis and the restoration of arterial flow. In this context of heavy @entity1 and limited means, damage control surgery is recommended and is based on the use of temporary vascular shunts. We report the management of the simultaneous arrival of two @entity6 of war in a field hospital. @entity0 1 presented a ballistic @entity1 of the elbow with a section of the humeral artery (Gustillo IIIC). A temporary vascular shunt was set up during the external fixation of the elbow. Final revascularization was carried out and aponevrotomies of the forearm were performed. @entity0 n  2 had a riddled knee with an open @entity3 of the femur, an @entity2 of the popliteal artery and a @entity4 . A strategy of damage control surgery was carried out with placing an arterial and venous shunt. Aponevrotomies of the leg were carried out before casting. For the traumatisms of the arteries of the members, the use of shunts is reserved for the lesions of the proximal vessels. The many vascular shunts available have the same performances to restore the arterial flow and prevent secondary @entity5 . The time before the final revascularization depends on the clinical condition of the @entity0 . The value of anticoagulation in these cases was not shown.

title: Concomitant vascular war XXXX saturating a French Forward surgical team deployed to support the victims of the Syrian war (2013). Interest of the vascular damage control.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: Local excision (LE) is emerging as a treatment option for @entity1 responding well to chemoradiation. However, it does not address the mesorectal nodal burden. We aimed to identify the factors influencing nodal positivity and subsequently defined a low-risk group by including only @entity0 at low risk. METHOD: A single-centre, retrospective database analysis was carried out of @entity0 with radically resected @entity1 after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. RESULTS: This study included 524 @entity0 with @entity1 . Nodal positivity among ypT0, T1 and T2 groups was 14.7%, 28% and 30%, respectively. Multivariate analysis with stepwise logistic regression identified the following low-risk features: age >=   40  years, nonsignet @entity3 (SRCC) histology and pathological complete response (pCR). Sixty-nine @entity0 fulfilling all three criteria were analysed and the nodal positivity was found to be 10.1%, which implies that, if these @entity0 had been selected for LE, one in 10 would have had positive mesorectal nodes. CONCLUSION: Even in @entity0 with low-risk criteria (pCR, non-SRCC histology and age >=   40  years), the residual positive @entity2 burden is 10%. Whether this high incidence of residual @entity2 translates into a similar risk of locoregional recurrence if an organ-preservation strategy is adopted is unclear.

title: High nodal positivity rates even in good clinical responders after XXXX : is organ preservation feasible?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In order to achieve an oncological margin during limb salvage surgery for @entity1 of the distal femur, part or the entire knee joint is frequently sacrificed. Endoprosthetics make limb salvage possible through restoration of a functional extremity. Currently there remains a paucity of data concerning their long-term outcomes and associated risk factors for failure. METHODS: We identified 152 @entity0 who underwent an endoprosthetic reconstruction for an oncological process of the distal femur between 1972 and 2013. The mean follow-up was 10years. Mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 39years and 25.8 respectively. The most common pathology was @entity3 (n=78, 48%). Outcomes were compared to a control group of 20,643 @entity0 undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) during the same time period. RESULTS: The mean five-, 10-, 15-, 20-, and 25-year revision-free survival for an endoprosthesis was 76%, 63%, 51%, 36%, and 28%. Compared to the five-, 10-, 15-, 20-, and 25-year survival of 95%, 90%, 82%, 74%, and 67% for control TKAs (p<0.0001 at all-time points). Overall limb survival was 93%, with 11 @entity0 undergoing amputation. There was no difference in implant survival comparing modular and custom endoprostheses. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that given the complexity of these operations, the rate of revision surgery following endoprosthetic replacement is high. Nevertheless, the use of these modular reconstructions leads to a high rate of limb salvage (93%) over a 25-year period at our institution. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

title: Long term outcomes of cemented endoprosthetic reconstruction for periarticular XXXX of the distal femur.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Retinal extracts of @entity5 were found to contain two @entity2 (1) photopigments, one with maximum absorption at about 521 mmicro, the second with a maximum in the region of 478 mmicro. These pigments were assayed by the method of partial bleaching and their spectral characteristics studied by examining their difference spectra. The 478 mmicro pigment was present in the extracts as 8 per cent of the total photopigment concentration. The two pigment systems were shown to be biochemically independent and to have different properties. Unlike the 521 mmicro pigment, for example, the 478 mmicro pigment was found to resist the action of @entity4 and, within the cells, to be unaffected by @entity1 solutions. These solutions destroyed or altered the 521 system so that extracts of @entity1 -treated retinae were found to contain significantly less 521 photopigment. In @entity3 solution the 521 pigment was unaffected by @entity1 treatment. Both pigments were extracted from separated, washed outer segments and so are considered to be @entity0 . This dual system accounts for the spectral sensitivity of this gecko as determined by Denton. A search was made, but no evidence was secured for the presence of a photopigment absorbing at longer wavelengths. Electoretinographic data suggest, however, that an elevated sensitivity at longer wavelengths occurs in some geckos so that a continued search is justified for a third photopigment.

title: THE PHOTOSENSITIVE RETINAL PIGMENT SYSTEM OF XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The kidneys of winter flounders transferred to @entity4 medium were investigated for glomerular and tubular handling of fluid and electrolytes and for the urinary excretion of proteins. Media were sea water (925 mosm X kg-1) and brackish water (70 mosm X kg-1). In sea water, the urine was hypertonic to the plasma in 7 fish of this study. Urine flow rate was correlated with the GFR. After adaptation to brackish water a delay of 1 to 3 days was observed until the kidneys switched from fluid retention to the excretion of large amounts of dilute urine. GFR and urine flow rate were increased from 0.61 +/- 0.08 to 1.58 +/- 0.29 ml X h-1 X kg-1 and from 0.14 +/- 0.02 to 0.68 +/- 0.08 ml X h-1 X kg-1, respectively (mean +/- SEM). With increased filtered load the tubular reabsorption of fluid decreased from 74 +/- 2.4% to 45 +/- 11.2%. The excretion rates of @entity2 and @entity1 were increased due to decreased fractional @entity2 and @entity1 reabsorption. The urinary excretion of divalent cations, however, was reduced because the net tubular reabsorption of @entity0 was increased and the net secretion of @entity3 was diminished. Both the urinary total protein concentration and the protein pattern showed no significant change, but the rate of protein excretion was increased from 0.21 +/- 0.04 to 0.60 +/- 0.05 mg X h-1 X kg-1. The comparison of protein patterns obtained from urine and serum samples revealed that high molecular weight (HMW) proteins prevail in the serum whereas low molecular weight (LMW) proteins dominate in the urine. The diminished quantity of the HMW-protein fraction in the urine thus may reflect size selectivity of the glomerular filtration barrier for serum proteins also in the winter flounder.

title: Adaptation of renal function to XXXX medium in the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus).

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT The aim of this study was to examine the results of microbiological cultures from local bone autografts used in posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and to identify their association with postoperative spinal @entity2 . METHODS The authors retrospectively evaluated cases involving 328 @entity0 who had no previous spinal surgeries and underwent PLIF for @entity1 with a minimum 1-year follow-up. Local bone was obtained during laminectomy, and microbiological culture was performed immediately prior to bone grafting. The associations between culture results from local bone autografts and postoperative spinal infections were evaluated. RESULTS The contamination rate of local bone was 4.3% (14 of 328 cases). Coagulase-negative @entity3 (29%) was the most common contaminant isolated, followed by Streptococcus species and @entity4 -sensitive @entity3 . Of 14 @entity0 with positive culture results, 5 (35.7%) had postoperative spinal infections and were treated with intravenous antibiotics for a minimum of 4 weeks. One of these 5 @entity0 also underwent reoperation for debridement during this 4-week period. Regardless of the microbiological culture results, the @entity2 rate after PLIF with local bone autograft was 2.4% (8 of 328 cases), with 5 (62.5%) of 8 @entity0 showing positive results on autograft culture. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of contamination of local bone autograft during PLIF was considerable, and positive culture results were significantly associated with postoperative spinal @entity2 . Special attention focused on the preparation of local bone for autograft and its microbiological culture will be helpful for the control of postoperative spinal @entity2 .

title: Incidence of microbiological contamination of local bone autograft used in posterior lumbar interbody fusion and its association with postoperative spinal XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Adverse reactions to food in childhood are very frequent. Often they involve the skin, airways and gastrointestinal tract, and in severe cases circulation can also be affected, with a drop in blood pressure. These reactions can be either @entity5 -dependent or not. In IgE-dependent reactions, IgE antibodies to the food are detected in blood tests or skin prick tests. The pathomechanism behind non-IgE involvement reactions is, however, still not known. A defined type of non-IgE reaction to food is food protein-induced @entity4 (FPIES). This entity was first evaluated in 1967 when Gryboski identified several @entity0 with chronic @entity2 to milk which manifested as @entity1 , @entity3 and colic. The symptoms disappeared when proteins causing the symptoms were eliminated from the diet, and recurred when they were reintroduced (1). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Recovery from food protein-induced XXXX caused by fish.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In a prospective, randomised study, 50 non-pregnant @entity0 were treated intracervically with 3 ml 5% tylose, 50 micrograms @entity3 , 100 micrograms @entity3 gel, 3 ml 2.5 mM or 9.0 mM @entity4 gel in order to soften the cervix 12-14 hours before diagnostic curettage. The gel was not used in a further 20 @entity0 . To objectively demonstrate the priming effect, the force required for dilatation of the cervical canal was measured in Newtons, using a mechanical tonometer both before gel application and before the operation. In comparison with the administration of @entity5 only, the intracervical application of either @entity3 gel or @entity4 gel led to a significant improvement in cervical dilatability. Tylose alone had a slight but measurable effect on the cervix. An increase in @entity3 from 50 micrograms to 100 micrograms or @entity2 molarity from 2.5 mM to 9.0 mM brought no further improvement in the dilatory effect. Dilatation-induced @entity1 could be avoided by preoperative cervical ripening. After application of @entity3 , 3 out of 20 @entity0 experienced doses-dependent uterine cramps, while all @entity0 treated with @entity4 gel were free of side effects. The intracervical administration of @entity3 and @entity4 gel allowed gentle dilatation of the non-pregnant cervix, thus lowering the risk of uterine lesions. Under clinical aspects, cervical priming facilitates diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, which, in exceptional cases, can be performed without anaesthesia.

title: [Facilitating cervix dilatation of the non-pregnant uterus by intracervical administration of gels containing prostaglandin and XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: An @entity2 is one of the few true emergencies in dentistry. @entity0 who suffer this injury require urgent dental care and prompt follow-up care. There is very limited evidence available regarding the provision of treatment for @entity1 in primary dental care. OBJECTIVES: To explore the experience of UK dentists in relation to the management of @entity3 . METHOD: A self-completion questionnaire was designed and piloted. Questionnaires were sent to a random selection of one thousand GDPs with a stamped addressed return envelope. A second mailshot was sent to non-responders after eight weeks. Simple descriptive analysis was undertaken using Microsoft Excel. The results were compared with those from an earlier, similar study in Wales. RESULTS: A total response rate of 61% was achieved. Just over 40% of responding dentists recalled replanting an @entity2 in a @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Many dentists have limited or no experience of treating @entity0 with @entity3 . Thirty-four percent of dentists have @entity0 with @entity1 under their care. @entity0 with these @entity1 may benefit from shared care involving an interdisciplinary specialist team, in line with recommendations from the British Society of Paediatric Dentistry National Clinical Guidelines for Management of Avulsed Permanent Teeth in @entity0 .

title: Primary care dentists' experience of treating XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The course of adjuvant-induced @entity3 was followed, over an 11-week postinoculation period, in @entity0 , using both clinical and behavioural methods of study. Clinical observations included body weight, diameters of radiocarpal and tibiotarsal joints and radiological analysis of forepaws, hindpaws and vertebrae. Behavioural observations included those of spontaneous behaviour-mobility, exploring, rearing, penis licking and scratching-and of @entity2 -related tests-the foot-bend procedure and Randall-Selitto test. In general, the time course of the disease could be divided into 4 stages, viz. a preclinical, an acute, a postacute and a recovery stage. The preclinical stage (first week) was characterized by discrete radiological lesions of the forepaws and a slight increase in the threshold for struggle triggered by foot pressure, but, above all, by no change in the other parameters. The acute stage (weeks 2-4) was clearly defined by a pause in body @entity5 and by dramatic behavioural changes: a lack of mobility and exploring behaviour, a profound increase in scratching behaviour and signs of @entity8 . During this period, hindpaw and forepaw joint diameters increased dramatically. The behavioural modifications peaked at the same time (week 4) as there was an acceleration in the @entity4 (soft tissue swelling, @entity9 and @entity1 ) which had begun during week 3. During the postacute stage (weeks 5-8), body weight and behavioural reactions began to return towards control values, but joint diameters and radiological scores either continued to increase or remained constant. During the recovery stage (weeks 9-11), behavioural scores and body weight returned to control values while the mean joint diameters remained constant and there was a slight decrease in the radiological scores. In spite of the complexity of the model used in these studies, it appeared quite clear that the acute phase of the disease was characterized by the onset of clinical symptoms and dramatic changes in behaviour, all of which could be related to the occurrence of @entity2 ; signs of @entity2 were still present, albeit weaker, in the postacute phase. Such observations, taken together, help to @entity7 as an experimental model of @entity6 in @entity0 .

title: Parallel clinical and behavioural studies of adjuvant-induced @entity3 in the @entity0 : possible relationship with ' XXXX '.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The course of adjuvant-induced @entity3 was followed, over an 11-week postinoculation period, in @entity0 , using both clinical and behavioural methods of study. Clinical observations included body weight, diameters of radiocarpal and tibiotarsal joints and radiological analysis of forepaws, hindpaws and vertebrae. Behavioural observations included those of spontaneous behaviour-mobility, exploring, rearing, penis licking and scratching-and of @entity2 -related tests-the foot-bend procedure and Randall-Selitto test. In general, the time course of the disease could be divided into 4 stages, viz. a preclinical, an acute, a postacute and a recovery stage. The preclinical stage (first week) was characterized by discrete radiological lesions of the forepaws and a slight increase in the threshold for struggle triggered by foot pressure, but, above all, by no change in the other parameters. The acute stage (weeks 2-4) was clearly defined by a pause in body @entity5 and by dramatic behavioural changes: a lack of mobility and exploring behaviour, a profound increase in scratching behaviour and signs of @entity8 . During this period, hindpaw and forepaw joint diameters increased dramatically. The behavioural modifications peaked at the same time (week 4) as there was an acceleration in the @entity4 (soft tissue swelling, @entity9 and @entity1 ) which had begun during week 3. During the postacute stage (weeks 5-8), body weight and behavioural reactions began to return towards control values, but joint diameters and radiological scores either continued to increase or remained constant. During the recovery stage (weeks 9-11), behavioural scores and body weight returned to control values while the mean joint diameters remained constant and there was a slight decrease in the radiological scores. In spite of the complexity of the model used in these studies, it appeared quite clear that the acute phase of the disease was characterized by the onset of clinical symptoms and dramatic changes in behaviour, all of which could be related to the occurrence of @entity2 ; signs of @entity2 were still present, albeit weaker, in the postacute phase. Such observations, taken together, help to @entity7 as an experimental model of @entity6 in @entity0 .

title: Parallel clinical and behavioural studies of adjuvant-induced XXXX in the @entity0 : possible relationship with ' @entity6 '.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The course of adjuvant-induced @entity3 was followed, over an 11-week postinoculation period, in @entity0 , using both clinical and behavioural methods of study. Clinical observations included body weight, diameters of radiocarpal and tibiotarsal joints and radiological analysis of forepaws, hindpaws and vertebrae. Behavioural observations included those of spontaneous behaviour-mobility, exploring, rearing, penis licking and scratching-and of @entity2 -related tests-the foot-bend procedure and Randall-Selitto test. In general, the time course of the disease could be divided into 4 stages, viz. a preclinical, an acute, a postacute and a recovery stage. The preclinical stage (first week) was characterized by discrete radiological lesions of the forepaws and a slight increase in the threshold for struggle triggered by foot pressure, but, above all, by no change in the other parameters. The acute stage (weeks 2-4) was clearly defined by a pause in body @entity5 and by dramatic behavioural changes: a lack of mobility and exploring behaviour, a profound increase in scratching behaviour and signs of @entity8 . During this period, hindpaw and forepaw joint diameters increased dramatically. The behavioural modifications peaked at the same time (week 4) as there was an acceleration in the @entity4 (soft tissue swelling, @entity9 and @entity1 ) which had begun during week 3. During the postacute stage (weeks 5-8), body weight and behavioural reactions began to return towards control values, but joint diameters and radiological scores either continued to increase or remained constant. During the recovery stage (weeks 9-11), behavioural scores and body weight returned to control values while the mean joint diameters remained constant and there was a slight decrease in the radiological scores. In spite of the complexity of the model used in these studies, it appeared quite clear that the acute phase of the disease was characterized by the onset of clinical symptoms and dramatic changes in behaviour, all of which could be related to the occurrence of @entity2 ; signs of @entity2 were still present, albeit weaker, in the postacute phase. Such observations, taken together, help to @entity7 as an experimental model of @entity6 in @entity0 .

title: Parallel clinical and behavioural studies of adjuvant-induced @entity3 in the XXXX : possible relationship with ' @entity6 '.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare survival between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical resection (SR) in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) within Milan criteria. METHODS: From January 2004 to December 2013 we consecutively and retrospectively included all @entity0 with first occurrence of @entity3 within Milan criteria receiving SR or RFA as first-line treatment. The cumulative overall survival (OS) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were compared after inverse probability weighting (including confounding factor). RESULTS: A total of 281 @entity0 (RFA 178, @entity4 ) were enrolled. In multivariate Cox regression RFA and SR were not independent predictors of survival or recurrence. The respective weighted 5 years OS and @entity2 for @entity0 with propensity scores between 0.1-0.9 in the SR and RFA groups were 54-33% and 60-16.9%, P   =   0.695 and P   =   0.426, respectively. Local @entity1 progression rate did not differ according to treatment (P   =   0.523). Major complication rate was higher in the SR group, P   =   0.001. Hospitalisation duration was lower in the RFA group (mean 2.19 days, range 2-7) than in the SR group (mean 10.2 days, range 3-30), P   <   0.001. CONCLUSION: This large Western study has shown that OS and @entity2 did not differ after RFA (using mainly multipolar devices) and SR, for @entity3 within the Milan criteria in a European population, with a shorter hospitalisation time and a lower complication rate for RFA.

title: Radiofrequency ablation versus surgical resection for XXXX within the Milan criteria: A study of 281 Western @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare survival between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical resection (SR) in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) within Milan criteria. METHODS: From January 2004 to December 2013 we consecutively and retrospectively included all @entity0 with first occurrence of @entity3 within Milan criteria receiving SR or RFA as first-line treatment. The cumulative overall survival (OS) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were compared after inverse probability weighting (including confounding factor). RESULTS: A total of 281 @entity0 (RFA 178, @entity4 ) were enrolled. In multivariate Cox regression RFA and SR were not independent predictors of survival or recurrence. The respective weighted 5 years OS and @entity2 for @entity0 with propensity scores between 0.1-0.9 in the SR and RFA groups were 54-33% and 60-16.9%, P   =   0.695 and P   =   0.426, respectively. Local @entity1 progression rate did not differ according to treatment (P   =   0.523). Major complication rate was higher in the SR group, P   =   0.001. Hospitalisation duration was lower in the RFA group (mean 2.19 days, range 2-7) than in the SR group (mean 10.2 days, range 3-30), P   <   0.001. CONCLUSION: This large Western study has shown that OS and @entity2 did not differ after RFA (using mainly multipolar devices) and SR, for @entity3 within the Milan criteria in a European population, with a shorter hospitalisation time and a lower complication rate for RFA.

title: Radiofrequency ablation versus surgical resection for @entity3 within the Milan criteria: A study of 281 Western XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: There is limited data for predicting the risk of exacerbations following the cessation of inhaled @entity2 ( @entity12 ) in well controlled childhood @entity4 . In current study, clinical, functional and inflammatory parameters at the time of @entity12 withdrawal were investigated in that respect. METHODS: Forty @entity0 asymptomatic for at least 3 months on low dose @entity12 's were enrolled and @entity12 were discontinued in summer. At enrolment symptom/medication diary, pulmonary function parameters, @entity9 provocation testing, peripheral @entity7 , serum total and allergen-specific IgE levels and skin prick testing were performed. In a subgroup of @entity0 , phytohemaglutinin induced secretion of @entity1 , @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity5 from blood mononuclear cells were measured. @entity0 were assessed with symptom/medication diary and pulmonary function test every 2 months for 6 months. RESULTS: Eighteen of 37 @entity0 experienced recurrence of @entity6 . In @entity0 with acute attack(Group I), changes in @entity8 symptom scores at 2nd month vs baseline were statistically higher. In addition, group I had significantly higher @entity8 symptom scores compared to group II at 4th month visit. @entity0 with acute exacerbation revealed a significant decrease in FEV1% at 2nd month compared to baseline. Moreover, group I showed significantly lower FEF 25-75% compared to group II at 2nd month. Baseline bronchial hyper-responsiveness with @entity9 was found to be an independent risk factor for @entity4 exacerbation. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study identified baseline @entity11 , higher @entity8 symptom scores and gradual decrease in pulmonary function parameters during follow up as risk factors for subsequent exacerbation of @entity4 .

title: Predictive risk factors for relapse after cessation of inhaled corticosteroids in well-controlled childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Functional or psychogenic @entity5 are common and disabling, and sometime difficult to diagnose. The history and physical exam can give positive features that will support the diagnosis, which should not be based solely on exclusion. Some clues in the history are sudden onset, intermittent time course, variability of manifestation over time, childhood @entity0 , history of other somatic symptom and secondary gain. @entity1 and @entity2 are common, but not necessarily more than the general population. On examination, distraction and suggestibility may be present. There are specific signs that should be looked for with different types of movements. For example, with @entity3 , change in frequency over time and entrainment are common features. With @entity6 , the movements might be complex in type with long latencies to stimulus induced jerks. @entity4 show good balance despite claims to the contrary. Functional @entity7 still remains a challenging diagnosis in many circumstances, although fixed @entity7 is one sign more likely to be functional.

title: Functional (psychogenic) XXXX - Clinical presentations.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The interleukin (IL)-17 cytokine family participates in the regulation of many cellular functions. In the present study, we analyzed the genomic structure, expression, and promoter activity of four IL-17 members from the teleost fish @entity3 ( @entity3 ), i.e. @entity4 @entity5 , CsIL-17F, and IL-17F like (IL-17Fl). We found that @entity4 , @entity5 , CsIL-17F, and CsIL-17Fl share 21.2%-28.6% overall sequence identities among themselves and 31.5%-71.2% overall sequence identities with their counterparts in other teleost. All four CsIL-17 members possess an IL-17 domain and four conserved @entity0 residues. Phylogenetic analysis classified the four CsIL-17 members into three clusters. Under normal physiological conditions, the four CsIL-17 expressed in multiple tissues, especially non-immune tissues. @entity1 upregulated the expression of all four CsIL-17, while viral infection upregulated the expression of @entity5 and CsIL-17Fl but downregulated the expression of @entity4 and CsIL-17F. The 1.2  kb 5'-flanking regions of the four CsIL-17 exhibited apparent promoter activity and contain a number of putative transcription factor-binding sites. Furthermore, the promoter activities of @entity4 , @entity5 , and CsIL-17F, but not CsIL-17Fl, were modulated to significant extents by lipopolysaccharide, PolyI:C, and @entity2 . This study provides the first evidence that in teleost, different IL-17 members differ in expression pattern and promoter activity.

title: Comparative study of four interleukin 17 cytokines of XXXX @entity3 : Genomic structure, expression pattern, and promoter activity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The interleukin (IL)-17 cytokine family participates in the regulation of many cellular functions. In the present study, we analyzed the genomic structure, expression, and promoter activity of four IL-17 members from the teleost fish @entity3 ( @entity3 ), i.e. @entity4 @entity5 , CsIL-17F, and IL-17F like (IL-17Fl). We found that @entity4 , @entity5 , CsIL-17F, and CsIL-17Fl share 21.2%-28.6% overall sequence identities among themselves and 31.5%-71.2% overall sequence identities with their counterparts in other teleost. All four CsIL-17 members possess an IL-17 domain and four conserved @entity0 residues. Phylogenetic analysis classified the four CsIL-17 members into three clusters. Under normal physiological conditions, the four CsIL-17 expressed in multiple tissues, especially non-immune tissues. @entity1 upregulated the expression of all four CsIL-17, while viral infection upregulated the expression of @entity5 and CsIL-17Fl but downregulated the expression of @entity4 and CsIL-17F. The 1.2  kb 5'-flanking regions of the four CsIL-17 exhibited apparent promoter activity and contain a number of putative transcription factor-binding sites. Furthermore, the promoter activities of @entity4 , @entity5 , and CsIL-17F, but not CsIL-17Fl, were modulated to significant extents by lipopolysaccharide, PolyI:C, and @entity2 . This study provides the first evidence that in teleost, different IL-17 members differ in expression pattern and promoter activity.

title: Comparative study of four interleukin 17 cytokines of @entity3 XXXX : Genomic structure, expression pattern, and promoter activity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 has been shown in two randomized clinical trials to be effective in alleviating systemic symptoms and reducing spleen size in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). We retrospectively evaluated efficacy and tolerability of @entity6 in a cohort of unselected @entity5 @entity0 treated in routine clinical practice. One hundred and two @entity0 who began @entity6 therapy were identified in 13 participating centers. Ninety three of the @entity0 receiving @entity6 for at least 3 months were evaluated for treatment efficacy and @entity1 . Median age at @entity6 initiation was 67 years. Indications for treatment were constitutional symptoms (15%), symptomatic @entity2 (6%) or both (76%). Two @entity0 received @entity6 for other indications. The median initial @entity6 dose was 30mg/day. Median duration of therapy was 11 months. Eighty two @entity0 (88.2%) responded to therapy, 76 (84.4%) @entity0 had improvement in constitutional symptoms and 60 @entity0 (70.6%) had reduction in spleen length. While on @entity6 , 30% of @entity0 had grade 3-4 @entity3 and 12.9% of @entity0 had grade 3-4 @entity4 . Thirteen @entity0 (14%) discontinued therapy. This analysis of a cohort of @entity5 @entity0 treated with @entity6 in routine clinical practice demonstrates the efficacy and tolerability of this drug outside of a highly monitored clinical trial setting.

title: XXXX treatment for @entity5 : Efficacy and tolerability in routine practice.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 has been shown in two randomized clinical trials to be effective in alleviating systemic symptoms and reducing spleen size in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). We retrospectively evaluated efficacy and tolerability of @entity6 in a cohort of unselected @entity5 @entity0 treated in routine clinical practice. One hundred and two @entity0 who began @entity6 therapy were identified in 13 participating centers. Ninety three of the @entity0 receiving @entity6 for at least 3 months were evaluated for treatment efficacy and @entity1 . Median age at @entity6 initiation was 67 years. Indications for treatment were constitutional symptoms (15%), symptomatic @entity2 (6%) or both (76%). Two @entity0 received @entity6 for other indications. The median initial @entity6 dose was 30mg/day. Median duration of therapy was 11 months. Eighty two @entity0 (88.2%) responded to therapy, 76 (84.4%) @entity0 had improvement in constitutional symptoms and 60 @entity0 (70.6%) had reduction in spleen length. While on @entity6 , 30% of @entity0 had grade 3-4 @entity3 and 12.9% of @entity0 had grade 3-4 @entity4 . Thirteen @entity0 (14%) discontinued therapy. This analysis of a cohort of @entity5 @entity0 treated with @entity6 in routine clinical practice demonstrates the efficacy and tolerability of this drug outside of a highly monitored clinical trial setting.

title: @entity6 treatment for XXXX : Efficacy and tolerability in routine practice.

answer: @entity5


abstract: In order to investigate the @entity6 caused by the @entity4 with either H7N1 or H7N3 low-pathogenicity avian @entity7 viruses, 28 experimentally infected @entity3 were submitted for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, haematobiochemistry and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction after different days post- @entity4 (DPI). The localization of viral antigen and the measurement of @entity10 and glucagon expression in the pancreas were assessed to verify the progression from @entity8 to @entity2 , such as @entity0 . At the early @entity4 phase (4-7 DPI), a severe @entity5 was recognized. During the intermediate phase (8-17 DPI), a mixed acute/chronic change associated with regenerative ductular proliferation was observed. A loss of pancreatic islets was detected in most severe cases and viral antigen was found in the pancreas of 11/28 @entity3 (4-10 DPI) with the most severe histological damage. In @entity3 euthanized at 39 DPI (late phase), a @entity9 was observed with the reestablishment of both the exocrine and the endocrine pancreas. @entity10 and glucagon expression manifested a progressive decrease with subsequent ductular positivity. Haematobiochemistry revealed @entity1 in the first week post- @entity4 and hyperglycaemia in the second, with a progressive normalization within 21 DPI. This study allowed the identification of progressive @entity6 , suggesting that @entity7 virus might be responsible for metabolic derangements. Moreover, it highlighted a remarkable post-damage hyperplastic and reparative process from a presumptive common exocrine/endocrine precursor. This potential regeneration deserves further investigation for its relevance in a therapeutic perspective to replace lost and non-functional cells in @entity0 .

title: Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of exocrine and endocrine XXXX in avian @entity7 A experimentally infected @entity3 showing evidence of pancreatic regeneration.

answer: @entity6


abstract: In order to investigate the @entity6 caused by the @entity4 with either H7N1 or H7N3 low-pathogenicity avian @entity7 viruses, 28 experimentally infected @entity3 were submitted for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, haematobiochemistry and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction after different days post- @entity4 (DPI). The localization of viral antigen and the measurement of @entity10 and glucagon expression in the pancreas were assessed to verify the progression from @entity8 to @entity2 , such as @entity0 . At the early @entity4 phase (4-7 DPI), a severe @entity5 was recognized. During the intermediate phase (8-17 DPI), a mixed acute/chronic change associated with regenerative ductular proliferation was observed. A loss of pancreatic islets was detected in most severe cases and viral antigen was found in the pancreas of 11/28 @entity3 (4-10 DPI) with the most severe histological damage. In @entity3 euthanized at 39 DPI (late phase), a @entity9 was observed with the reestablishment of both the exocrine and the endocrine pancreas. @entity10 and glucagon expression manifested a progressive decrease with subsequent ductular positivity. Haematobiochemistry revealed @entity1 in the first week post- @entity4 and hyperglycaemia in the second, with a progressive normalization within 21 DPI. This study allowed the identification of progressive @entity6 , suggesting that @entity7 virus might be responsible for metabolic derangements. Moreover, it highlighted a remarkable post-damage hyperplastic and reparative process from a presumptive common exocrine/endocrine precursor. This potential regeneration deserves further investigation for its relevance in a therapeutic perspective to replace lost and non-functional cells in @entity0 .

title: Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of exocrine and endocrine @entity6 in avian @entity7 A experimentally infected XXXX showing evidence of pancreatic regeneration.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In order to investigate the @entity6 caused by the @entity4 with either H7N1 or H7N3 low-pathogenicity avian @entity7 viruses, 28 experimentally infected @entity3 were submitted for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, haematobiochemistry and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction after different days post- @entity4 (DPI). The localization of viral antigen and the measurement of @entity10 and glucagon expression in the pancreas were assessed to verify the progression from @entity8 to @entity2 , such as @entity0 . At the early @entity4 phase (4-7 DPI), a severe @entity5 was recognized. During the intermediate phase (8-17 DPI), a mixed acute/chronic change associated with regenerative ductular proliferation was observed. A loss of pancreatic islets was detected in most severe cases and viral antigen was found in the pancreas of 11/28 @entity3 (4-10 DPI) with the most severe histological damage. In @entity3 euthanized at 39 DPI (late phase), a @entity9 was observed with the reestablishment of both the exocrine and the endocrine pancreas. @entity10 and glucagon expression manifested a progressive decrease with subsequent ductular positivity. Haematobiochemistry revealed @entity1 in the first week post- @entity4 and hyperglycaemia in the second, with a progressive normalization within 21 DPI. This study allowed the identification of progressive @entity6 , suggesting that @entity7 virus might be responsible for metabolic derangements. Moreover, it highlighted a remarkable post-damage hyperplastic and reparative process from a presumptive common exocrine/endocrine precursor. This potential regeneration deserves further investigation for its relevance in a therapeutic perspective to replace lost and non-functional cells in @entity0 .

title: Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of exocrine and endocrine @entity6 in avian XXXX A experimentally infected @entity3 showing evidence of pancreatic regeneration.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to study photodecomposition, photomutagenicity and @entity2 of @entity6 (RP), a principal storage form of @entity3 in @entity0 and animals, under He- @entity7 laser photoirradiation. Moreover, the effect of different concentrations and timing protocol of antioxidants on photodynamic therapy (PDT) is contradictory, so the effect of RP (as antioxidant) on the PDT @entity2 was studied. METHODS: Photomutagenicity was tested by Ames test. Photodecomposition was studied by UV-vis spectroscopy. @entity2 was measured with @entity1 -assay. Moreover, the effect of PDT, using @entity5 derivatives (HpD) as photosensitizer under He- @entity7 laser irradiation (10 J/cm(2)), was studied on HeLa cells either with or without RP (1-100  M) which incubated with the cells for short or long incubation period (1h or 24 h) prior to PDT. RESULTS: No photodecomposition of RP alone was obseved whereas there is a little photodecomposition of RP only in presence of HpD under irradiation with He- @entity7 laser. Moreover, no photomutagenicity was observed in @entity4 strains under laser irradiation in presence or absence of HpD. RP alone (1-100 M) significantly decrease the viability of HeLa cells. Laser irradiation of HeLa cells pre-incubated with RP alone for 24h showed further significant decrease in viability of the cells. While RP incubations for 1h before PDT had slight effect on the cells, 24 h incubation before PDT enhanced the @entity2 of PDT on HeLa cells. CONCLUSIONS: RP can be used 24 h before PDT to enhance its effects. RP is not mutagenic under irradiation with He- @entity7 laser.

title: Photodecomposition, photomutagenicity and photocytotoxicity of @entity6 under He- XXXX laser photoirradiation and its effects on photodynamic therapy of cancer cells in vitro.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to study photodecomposition, photomutagenicity and @entity2 of @entity6 (RP), a principal storage form of @entity3 in @entity0 and animals, under He- @entity7 laser photoirradiation. Moreover, the effect of different concentrations and timing protocol of antioxidants on photodynamic therapy (PDT) is contradictory, so the effect of RP (as antioxidant) on the PDT @entity2 was studied. METHODS: Photomutagenicity was tested by Ames test. Photodecomposition was studied by UV-vis spectroscopy. @entity2 was measured with @entity1 -assay. Moreover, the effect of PDT, using @entity5 derivatives (HpD) as photosensitizer under He- @entity7 laser irradiation (10 J/cm(2)), was studied on HeLa cells either with or without RP (1-100  M) which incubated with the cells for short or long incubation period (1h or 24 h) prior to PDT. RESULTS: No photodecomposition of RP alone was obseved whereas there is a little photodecomposition of RP only in presence of HpD under irradiation with He- @entity7 laser. Moreover, no photomutagenicity was observed in @entity4 strains under laser irradiation in presence or absence of HpD. RP alone (1-100 M) significantly decrease the viability of HeLa cells. Laser irradiation of HeLa cells pre-incubated with RP alone for 24h showed further significant decrease in viability of the cells. While RP incubations for 1h before PDT had slight effect on the cells, 24 h incubation before PDT enhanced the @entity2 of PDT on HeLa cells. CONCLUSIONS: RP can be used 24 h before PDT to enhance its effects. RP is not mutagenic under irradiation with He- @entity7 laser.

title: Photodecomposition, photomutagenicity and photocytotoxicity of XXXX under He- @entity7 laser photoirradiation and its effects on photodynamic therapy of cancer cells in vitro.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The treatment of Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura (HSP) with moderate @entity3 remains controversial. We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of immune suppressants, with a particular emphasis on @entity2 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: Ninety-five HSP @entity0 with moderate @entity3 (1.0-3.5 g/24 h) after at least three months of therapy with @entity6 -converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were divided into three groups: an @entity4 group (n=33) that received @entity4 1.0-1.5 g/d combined with @entity1 (0.4-0.5 mg/(kg  d)), a corticosteroid (CS) group (n=31) that received full-dose @entity1 (0.8-1.0 mg/(kg  d)), and a control group (n=31). @entity0 in the @entity4 and CS groups continued to take ACEI or @entity5 at the original dose. The @entity0 in the control group continued to take ACEI or @entity5 but the dose was increased by (1.73  0.58)-fold. The @entity0 were followed up for 6-78 months (median 28 months). RESULTS: The baseline @entity3 was higher in the @entity4 group ((2.1  0.9) g/24 h) than in the control group ((1.6  0.8) g/24 h) (P=0.039). The @entity3 decreased significantly in all groups during follow-up, but only in the @entity4 group did it decrease significantly after the first month. At the end of follow-up, the @entity3 was (0.4  0.7) g/24 h in the @entity4 group and (0.4  0.4) g/24 h in the CS group, significantly lower than that in the control group ((0.9  1.1) g/24 h). The remission rates in the @entity4 group, CS group, and control group were respectively 72.7%, 71.0%, and 48.4% at six months and 72.7%, 64.5%, and 45.2% at the end of follow-up. The overall number of reported adverse events was 17 in the @entity4 group, 30 in the CS group, and 6 in the control group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 with low-dose @entity1 may be as effective as full-dose @entity1 and tend to have fewer adverse events. Therefore, it is probably superior to conservative treatments of adult HSP @entity0 with moderate @entity3 .

title: @entity2 plus XXXX for inducing remission of Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura nephritis: a retrospective study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The treatment of Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura (HSP) with moderate @entity3 remains controversial. We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of immune suppressants, with a particular emphasis on @entity2 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: Ninety-five HSP @entity0 with moderate @entity3 (1.0-3.5 g/24 h) after at least three months of therapy with @entity6 -converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were divided into three groups: an @entity4 group (n=33) that received @entity4 1.0-1.5 g/d combined with @entity1 (0.4-0.5 mg/(kg  d)), a corticosteroid (CS) group (n=31) that received full-dose @entity1 (0.8-1.0 mg/(kg  d)), and a control group (n=31). @entity0 in the @entity4 and CS groups continued to take ACEI or @entity5 at the original dose. The @entity0 in the control group continued to take ACEI or @entity5 but the dose was increased by (1.73  0.58)-fold. The @entity0 were followed up for 6-78 months (median 28 months). RESULTS: The baseline @entity3 was higher in the @entity4 group ((2.1  0.9) g/24 h) than in the control group ((1.6  0.8) g/24 h) (P=0.039). The @entity3 decreased significantly in all groups during follow-up, but only in the @entity4 group did it decrease significantly after the first month. At the end of follow-up, the @entity3 was (0.4  0.7) g/24 h in the @entity4 group and (0.4  0.4) g/24 h in the CS group, significantly lower than that in the control group ((0.9  1.1) g/24 h). The remission rates in the @entity4 group, CS group, and control group were respectively 72.7%, 71.0%, and 48.4% at six months and 72.7%, 64.5%, and 45.2% at the end of follow-up. The overall number of reported adverse events was 17 in the @entity4 group, 30 in the CS group, and 6 in the control group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 with low-dose @entity1 may be as effective as full-dose @entity1 and tend to have fewer adverse events. Therefore, it is probably superior to conservative treatments of adult HSP @entity0 with moderate @entity3 .

title: XXXX plus @entity1 for inducing remission of Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura nephritis: a retrospective study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The role of @entity2 in the pathogenesis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has been clearly established. Based on the epidemiological evidence that smoking may influence @entity1 progression, we investigated the idea that smoking behavior could be associated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in this group of @entity0 . METHODS: A total of 351 @entity0 with @entity1 (311 @entity0 and 40 @entity0 ) were reviewed. Smoking status was assessed as @entity2 users or non-users. To calculate pack-years of smoking, the average of number of cigarettes smoked per day was divided by 20 to give packs per day, and then multiplied by the total number of years of smoking. @entity3 was the main outcome measure. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 3.3        1.2 years. Kaplan-Meier plots of @entity3 by use of @entity2 revealed significant differences by smoking status (log-rank   =   5.44, P   <   0.01), indicating a reduced survival rate in @entity2 users. The effect on @entity3 of the amount of cigarette smoking was also evident when we subdivided the former and current smokers into    <=7 (mean value) pack-years and >7 pack-years groups (log-rank   =   4.27, P   <   0.05). After adjusting for all potential confounders, @entity2 smoking retained its independent prognostic significance for @entity3 (hazard ratio   =   1.53, 95% confidence interval   =   1.19-2.17, P   =   0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that cigarette smoking is significantly associated with a poor prognosis among @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 in a dose-dependent manner.

title: Smoking habits are an independent prognostic factor in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The role of @entity2 in the pathogenesis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has been clearly established. Based on the epidemiological evidence that smoking may influence @entity1 progression, we investigated the idea that smoking behavior could be associated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in this group of @entity0 . METHODS: A total of 351 @entity0 with @entity1 (311 @entity0 and 40 @entity0 ) were reviewed. Smoking status was assessed as @entity2 users or non-users. To calculate pack-years of smoking, the average of number of cigarettes smoked per day was divided by 20 to give packs per day, and then multiplied by the total number of years of smoking. @entity3 was the main outcome measure. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 3.3        1.2 years. Kaplan-Meier plots of @entity3 by use of @entity2 revealed significant differences by smoking status (log-rank   =   5.44, P   <   0.01), indicating a reduced survival rate in @entity2 users. The effect on @entity3 of the amount of cigarette smoking was also evident when we subdivided the former and current smokers into    <=7 (mean value) pack-years and >7 pack-years groups (log-rank   =   4.27, P   <   0.05). After adjusting for all potential confounders, @entity2 smoking retained its independent prognostic significance for @entity3 (hazard ratio   =   1.53, 95% confidence interval   =   1.19-2.17, P   =   0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that cigarette smoking is significantly associated with a poor prognosis among @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 in a dose-dependent manner.

title: Smoking habits are an independent prognostic factor in XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The neuropathological features of the " @entity5 " have, in the past, been unsettled. The position was recently clarified by Oppenheimer who reviewed the 51 reported @entity0 with @entity5 in whom neuropathological findings were given. He divided these cases into two groups. Group I included those with lesions of the pigmented nuclei of the brain stem which contained Lewy bodies. These he further subdivided into subgroups IA or IB according to whether or not the @entity0 showed clinical evidence of @entity1 in addition to the common denominator of @entity2 . In group II he placed those @entity0 in whom @entity4 was found at necropsy. These were the majority. Loss of neurons from the intermediolateral columns of the thoracic spinal cord, thought to be the cause of the postural @entity2 , was present in all cases. To illustrate the new classification the necropsy findings in 3 @entity0 taken from the files of the Royal Perth Hospital are described. One of these showed the lesions of @entity1 with Lewy bodies, and thus conformed to Oppenheimer's type IA. The two other @entity0 showed @entity4 and thus belonged to @entity3 . All three showed loss of neurons in the intermediolateral columns of the thoracic spinal cord. We believe that Oppenheimer's classification of progressive @entity2 improves the clinicopathological understanding of the syndrome and is thus useful as well as informative to the practising neurologist.

title: The neuropathology of XXXX of central origin (the @entity5 ).

answer: @entity5


abstract: The neuropathological features of the " @entity5 " have, in the past, been unsettled. The position was recently clarified by Oppenheimer who reviewed the 51 reported @entity0 with @entity5 in whom neuropathological findings were given. He divided these cases into two groups. Group I included those with lesions of the pigmented nuclei of the brain stem which contained Lewy bodies. These he further subdivided into subgroups IA or IB according to whether or not the @entity0 showed clinical evidence of @entity1 in addition to the common denominator of @entity2 . In group II he placed those @entity0 in whom @entity4 was found at necropsy. These were the majority. Loss of neurons from the intermediolateral columns of the thoracic spinal cord, thought to be the cause of the postural @entity2 , was present in all cases. To illustrate the new classification the necropsy findings in 3 @entity0 taken from the files of the Royal Perth Hospital are described. One of these showed the lesions of @entity1 with Lewy bodies, and thus conformed to Oppenheimer's type IA. The two other @entity0 showed @entity4 and thus belonged to @entity3 . All three showed loss of neurons in the intermediolateral columns of the thoracic spinal cord. We believe that Oppenheimer's classification of progressive @entity2 improves the clinicopathological understanding of the syndrome and is thus useful as well as informative to the practising neurologist.

title: The neuropathology of @entity5 of central origin (the XXXX ).

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The study of brain networks by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a promising method for identifying @entity0 with @entity4 from @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Using graph theory, different aspects of the brain network can be efficiently characterized by calculating measures of integration and segregation. In this study, we combined a graph theoretical approach with advanced machine learning methods to study the brain network in 89 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 34 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and 45 age-matched @entity1 . The rs-fMRI connectivity matrix was constructed using a brain parcellation based on a 264 putative functional areas. Using the optimal features extracted from the graph measures, we were able to accurately classify three groups (i.e., @entity1 , @entity2 , and @entity3 ) with accuracy of 88.4  %. We also investigated performance of our proposed method for a binary classification of a group (e.g., @entity2 ) from two other groups (e.g., @entity1 and @entity3 ). The classification accuracies for identifying @entity1 from @entity3 and @entity2 , @entity3 from @entity1 and @entity2 , and @entity2 from @entity1 and @entity3 , were 87.3, 97.5, and 72.0  %, respectively. In addition, results based on the parcellation of 264 regions were compared to that of the automated anatomical labeling atlas (AAL), consisted of 90 regions. The accuracy of classification of three groups using AAL was degraded to 83.2  %. Our results show that combining the graph measures with the machine learning approach, on the basis of the rs-fMRI connectivity analysis, may assist in diagnosis of @entity3 and @entity2 .

title: Application of advanced machine learning methods on resting-state fMRI network for identification of @entity2 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The study of brain networks by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a promising method for identifying @entity0 with @entity4 from @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Using graph theory, different aspects of the brain network can be efficiently characterized by calculating measures of integration and segregation. In this study, we combined a graph theoretical approach with advanced machine learning methods to study the brain network in 89 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 34 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and 45 age-matched @entity1 . The rs-fMRI connectivity matrix was constructed using a brain parcellation based on a 264 putative functional areas. Using the optimal features extracted from the graph measures, we were able to accurately classify three groups (i.e., @entity1 , @entity2 , and @entity3 ) with accuracy of 88.4  %. We also investigated performance of our proposed method for a binary classification of a group (e.g., @entity2 ) from two other groups (e.g., @entity1 and @entity3 ). The classification accuracies for identifying @entity1 from @entity3 and @entity2 , @entity3 from @entity1 and @entity2 , and @entity2 from @entity1 and @entity3 , were 87.3, 97.5, and 72.0  %, respectively. In addition, results based on the parcellation of 264 regions were compared to that of the automated anatomical labeling atlas (AAL), consisted of 90 regions. The accuracy of classification of three groups using AAL was degraded to 83.2  %. Our results show that combining the graph measures with the machine learning approach, on the basis of the rs-fMRI connectivity analysis, may assist in diagnosis of @entity3 and @entity2 .

title: Application of advanced machine learning methods on resting-state fMRI network for identification of XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We aimed at clarification of reasons for recurrence of @entity4 after radical cystectomy in a retrospective study that included 189 @entity0 . Presence of lymphovascular invasion even in node-negative cases, high @entity2 grade, and high nodal stage appeared to be independent predictors for recurrence. This raises the necessity for postoperative multimodality treatment to improve disease-free survival. BACKGROUND: Radical cystectomy remains the gold standard for local control of muscle-invasive @entity3 . Despite that, a significant proportion of @entity0 develop disease recurrence. Several predictors for recurrence have been described and the implication of such factors on development of recurrence will help in modification of treatment strategies to improve the prognosis of @entity3 @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study carried on @entity0 with muscle-invasive @entity4 who underwent radical cystectomy at the National @entity2 Institute in 3 years; January 2007 to December 2009, and analyzed for the development of recurrence and potential risk factors. RESULTS: The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 56%. Seventy @entity0 (37%) developed disease recurrence during the follow-up period. Of these recurrences, 17 @entity0 (24.3%) developed local and/or regional recurrences, 45 @entity0 (64.3%) developed distant @entity1 , and 8 @entity0 (11.4%) developed local and/or regional and distant recurrences. In univariate analysis, lymph node @entity1 (P < .001), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (P < .001), high grade (P = .005), and advanced @entity2 stage (P = .002) were significantly associated with development of recurrence. In multivariate analysis, lymph node @entity1 , LVI, and high grade were significantly associated with @entity2 recurrence and poor DFS. CONCLUSION: Lymph node @entity1 , LVI, and high @entity2 grade were independent prognostic factors that affected @entity2 recurrence and DFS. LVI status should be reported in radical cystectomy specimens to help in risk assessment of @entity0 especially in node-negative cases.

title: Outcome of Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Bladder XXXX After Radical Cystectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Inflammation of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a fundamental clinical feature of @entity4 (SpA). The anatomy of the irregularly shaped @entity5 is complex with an antero-inferior cartilaginous compartment containing central hyaline and peripheral fibrocartilage, and a dorso-superior ligamentous compartment. Several scoring modules to systematically assess @entity5 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in SpA have been developed. Nearly all of them are based on the cartilaginous joint compartment alone. However, there are only limited data about the frequency of inflammatory lesions in the ligamentous compartment and their potential diagnostic utility in axial SpA. We therefore aimed to evaluate the ligamentous compartment on sacroiliac joint MRI for lesion distribution and potential incremental value towards diagnosis of SpA over and above the traditional assessment of the cartilaginous compartment alone. METHODS: Two independent cohorts of 69 and 88 consecutive @entity2 @entity0  <=50 years were referred for suspected SpA (cohort A) or acute anterior @entity3 plus @entity2 (cohort B). @entity0 were classified according to rheumatologist expert opinion based on clinical, radiographic and laboratory examination as having nonradiographic axial SpA (nr-axSpA; n = 51), @entity4 (n = 34), or @entity2 ( @entity2 ; n = 72). Five blinded readers assessed @entity5 MRI globally for presence/absence of SpA. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and fat @entity6 were recorded in the cartilaginous and ligamentous compartment. The incremental value of evaluating the ligamentous additionally to the cartilaginous compartment alone for diagnosis of SpA was graded qualitatively. We determined the lesion distribution between the two compartments, and the impact of the ligamentous compartment evaluation on diagnostic utility. RESULTS: MRI bone @entity1 solely in the ligamentous compartment in the absence of lesions in the cartilaginous compartment were reported in just 0-2.0/0-4.0 % ( @entity1 /fat @entity6 ) of all subjects. Additional assessment of the ligamentous compartment was regarded as essential for diagnosis in 0 and 0.6 %, and as contributory in 28.0 and 7.7 % of nr-axSpA @entity0 in cohorts A and B, respectively. Concomitant @entity1 in both compartments was evident in 11.6-42.0 % of nr-axSpA and 2.1-2.4 % of @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Assessing the ligamentous compartment on @entity5 MRI provided no incremental value for diagnosis of axial SpA. However, concomitant @entity1 in both compartments may help discriminate nr-axSpA from @entity2 .

title: Does evaluation of the ligamentous compartment enhance diagnostic utility of sacroiliac joint MRI in XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Changes in diet @entity4 amount and type (i.e., starch vs. fiber) and dietary oil supplements can affect ruminant @entity2 emissions. Our objectives were to measure @entity2 emissions, whole-tract digestibility, and energy and @entity3 utilization from growing dairy @entity1 at 2 body weight (BW) ranges, fed diets containing either high @entity5 silage (MS) or high grass silage (GS), without or with supplemental oil from extruded linseed (ELS). Four Holstein-Friesian heifers aged 13 mo (BW range from start to finish of 382 to 526 kg) were used in experiment 1, whereas 4 lighter heifers aged 12 mo (BW range from start to finish of 292 to 419 kg) were used in experiment 2. Diets were fed as total mixed rations with forage @entity0 ( @entity0 ) containing high MS or high GS and concentrates in proportions (forage:concentrate, @entity0 basis) of either 75:25 (experiment 1) or 60:40 (experiment 2), respectively. Diets were supplemented without or with ELS (Lintec, BOCM Pauls Ltd., Wherstead, UK; 260 g of oil/kg of @entity0 ) at 6% of ration @entity0 . Each experiment was a 4 * 4 Latin square design with 33-d periods, with measurements during d 29 to 33 while animals were housed in respiration chambers. Heifers fed MS at a heavier BW (experiment 1) emitted 20% less @entity2 per unit of @entity0 intake (yield) compared with GS (21.4 vs. 26.6, respectively). However, when repeated with heifers of a lower BW (experiment 2), @entity2 yield did not differ between the 2 diets (26.6g/kg of @entity0 intake). Differences in heifer BW had no overall effect on @entity2 emissions, except when expressed as grams per kilogram of digestible organic matter ( @entity6 ) intake (32.4 vs. 36.6, heavy vs. light heifers). Heavier heifers fed MS in experiment 1 had a greater @entity0 intake (9.4kg/d) and lower @entity6 (755 g/kg), but no difference in N utilization (31% of N intake) compared with heifers fed GS (7.9 kg/d and 799 g/kg, respectively). Tissue energy retention was nearly double for heifers fed MS compared with GS in experiment 1 (15 vs. 8% of energy intake, respectively). Heifers fed MS in experiment 2 had similar @entity0 intake (7.2 kg/d) and retention of energy (5% of intake energy) and N (28% of N intake), compared with GS-fed heifers, but @entity6 was lower (741 vs. 765 g/kg, respectively). No effect of ELS was noted on any of the variables measured, irrespective of animal BW, and this was likely due to the relatively low amount of supplemental oil provided. Differences in heifer BW did not markedly influence dietary effects on @entity2 emissions. Differences in @entity2 yield were attributable to differences in dietary starch and fiber composition associated with forage type and source.

title: Effects of forage source and extruded linseed supplementation on XXXX emissions from growing dairy @entity1 of differing body weights.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Changes in diet @entity4 amount and type (i.e., starch vs. fiber) and dietary oil supplements can affect ruminant @entity2 emissions. Our objectives were to measure @entity2 emissions, whole-tract digestibility, and energy and @entity3 utilization from growing dairy @entity1 at 2 body weight (BW) ranges, fed diets containing either high @entity5 silage (MS) or high grass silage (GS), without or with supplemental oil from extruded linseed (ELS). Four Holstein-Friesian heifers aged 13 mo (BW range from start to finish of 382 to 526 kg) were used in experiment 1, whereas 4 lighter heifers aged 12 mo (BW range from start to finish of 292 to 419 kg) were used in experiment 2. Diets were fed as total mixed rations with forage @entity0 ( @entity0 ) containing high MS or high GS and concentrates in proportions (forage:concentrate, @entity0 basis) of either 75:25 (experiment 1) or 60:40 (experiment 2), respectively. Diets were supplemented without or with ELS (Lintec, BOCM Pauls Ltd., Wherstead, UK; 260 g of oil/kg of @entity0 ) at 6% of ration @entity0 . Each experiment was a 4 * 4 Latin square design with 33-d periods, with measurements during d 29 to 33 while animals were housed in respiration chambers. Heifers fed MS at a heavier BW (experiment 1) emitted 20% less @entity2 per unit of @entity0 intake (yield) compared with GS (21.4 vs. 26.6, respectively). However, when repeated with heifers of a lower BW (experiment 2), @entity2 yield did not differ between the 2 diets (26.6g/kg of @entity0 intake). Differences in heifer BW had no overall effect on @entity2 emissions, except when expressed as grams per kilogram of digestible organic matter ( @entity6 ) intake (32.4 vs. 36.6, heavy vs. light heifers). Heavier heifers fed MS in experiment 1 had a greater @entity0 intake (9.4kg/d) and lower @entity6 (755 g/kg), but no difference in N utilization (31% of N intake) compared with heifers fed GS (7.9 kg/d and 799 g/kg, respectively). Tissue energy retention was nearly double for heifers fed MS compared with GS in experiment 1 (15 vs. 8% of energy intake, respectively). Heifers fed MS in experiment 2 had similar @entity0 intake (7.2 kg/d) and retention of energy (5% of intake energy) and N (28% of N intake), compared with GS-fed heifers, but @entity6 was lower (741 vs. 765 g/kg, respectively). No effect of ELS was noted on any of the variables measured, irrespective of animal BW, and this was likely due to the relatively low amount of supplemental oil provided. Differences in heifer BW did not markedly influence dietary effects on @entity2 emissions. Differences in @entity2 yield were attributable to differences in dietary starch and fiber composition associated with forage type and source.

title: Effects of forage source and extruded linseed supplementation on @entity2 emissions from growing dairy XXXX of differing body weights.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate an interhospital collaborative approach to improve 7-day post-discharge follow-up (7dFU) rates and reduce 30-day readmissions in @entity2 @entity0 . BACKGROUND: Early post-discharge follow-up after @entity2 ( @entity2 ) hospitalization is associated with lower 30-day readmission rates. METHODS: Observational analyses of Medicare @entity2 @entity0 discharged from 10 @entity1 ( @entity1 ) participating in the Southeast Michigan See You in 7 Collaborative were carried out. We compared pre-intervention ( @entity3 , 2011 to April  30, 2012) and intervention ( @entity3 , 2012-April 30, 2013) 7dFU rates, unadjusted 30-day readmissions, risk-standardized 30-day readmissions (RSRR), and Medicare payments in @entity1 and Michigan nonparticipating hospitals (NPH). RESULTS: 7dFU rates increased but remained low in both groups ( @entity1 : 31.1% to 34.4%; p  < 0.001; NPH: 30.2% to 32.6%; p  <0.001). During the intervention period, unadjusted readmissions decreased significantly in both groups ( @entity1 : 29.0% to 27.3%; p  <0.001; NPH: 26.4% to 25.8%, p  = 0.004); mean RSRR decreased more in @entity1 than in NPH ( @entity1 : 31.1% to 28.5%; p  < 0.001; NPH: 26.7% to 26.1%, p  = 0.02; p  = 0.015 for intergroup comparisons). Findings were similar when @entity1 outcomes were matched 1:1 with similar NPH outcomes. Combined Medicare payments for inpatient and 30 days of post-discharge care decreased by  182 in @entity1 and by  63 in NPH (per eligible @entity2 discharge). CONCLUSIONS: See You in 7 Collaborative participation was associated with significantly lower 30-day readmissions and Medicare payments in @entity2 @entity0 . Increases in 7dFU were modest, but associated processes aimed at this goal may  have improved the transition from inpatient to outpatient care. Regional hospital collaboration to share best practices could potentially reduce @entity2 readmissions and associated costs.

title: Regional Hospital Collaboration and  Outcomes in  Medicare  XXXX  @entity0 : See You in 7.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate an interhospital collaborative approach to improve 7-day post-discharge follow-up (7dFU) rates and reduce 30-day readmissions in @entity2 @entity0 . BACKGROUND: Early post-discharge follow-up after @entity2 ( @entity2 ) hospitalization is associated with lower 30-day readmission rates. METHODS: Observational analyses of Medicare @entity2 @entity0 discharged from 10 @entity1 ( @entity1 ) participating in the Southeast Michigan See You in 7 Collaborative were carried out. We compared pre-intervention ( @entity3 , 2011 to April  30, 2012) and intervention ( @entity3 , 2012-April 30, 2013) 7dFU rates, unadjusted 30-day readmissions, risk-standardized 30-day readmissions (RSRR), and Medicare payments in @entity1 and Michigan nonparticipating hospitals (NPH). RESULTS: 7dFU rates increased but remained low in both groups ( @entity1 : 31.1% to 34.4%; p  < 0.001; NPH: 30.2% to 32.6%; p  <0.001). During the intervention period, unadjusted readmissions decreased significantly in both groups ( @entity1 : 29.0% to 27.3%; p  <0.001; NPH: 26.4% to 25.8%, p  = 0.004); mean RSRR decreased more in @entity1 than in NPH ( @entity1 : 31.1% to 28.5%; p  < 0.001; NPH: 26.7% to 26.1%, p  = 0.02; p  = 0.015 for intergroup comparisons). Findings were similar when @entity1 outcomes were matched 1:1 with similar NPH outcomes. Combined Medicare payments for inpatient and 30 days of post-discharge care decreased by  182 in @entity1 and by  63 in NPH (per eligible @entity2 discharge). CONCLUSIONS: See You in 7 Collaborative participation was associated with significantly lower 30-day readmissions and Medicare payments in @entity2 @entity0 . Increases in 7dFU were modest, but associated processes aimed at this goal may  have improved the transition from inpatient to outpatient care. Regional hospital collaboration to share best practices could potentially reduce @entity2 readmissions and associated costs.

title: Regional Hospital Collaboration and  Outcomes in  Medicare  @entity2  XXXX : See You in 7.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9551 Background: It is widely accepted that chromosomal instability is one of the essential features of @entity1 cells and that significant intratumoral heterogeneity based on the genetic changes may be found in many type of @entity1 . Therefore, different metastatic lesions in an individual case may well show different genetic changes, reflecting the heterogeneity of the @entity1 , and may serve an important information regarding to the clonal evolution of the @entity1 . METHODS: Tumor tissues of multiple metastatic lesions as well as @entity1 tissues were obtained from two autopsy cases with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with informed consent. Extracted DNA was subjected to comprehensive allelotype analysis using 400 microsatellite markers that distribute throughout 22 autosomes and X chromosome. Furthermore, the alleles showing imbalance were subjected to comparative multiplex PCR, using a retained allele as an internal control, to determine whether the imbalance was the result of @entity5 . RESULTS: In the first case, @entity2 detected in the various metastatic lesions, including two macroscopically distinct lesions of main @entity1 , intrahepatic @entity0 , @entity6 , pulmonary @entity0 and portal vein thrombus (PVT), were almost identical, showing -1p, +1q, -4q, +7, -8p, +8q, +9q, +10, -13q, -17p, +19p, -19q and -X. Additional alterations of +2q and -16q were detected in the PVT and the one portion of the main @entity1 . In the second case, @entity2 detected in three @entity3 and pulmonary @entity0 were completely identical, showing +1, -2q, +4p, -4q, -5, -8p, +8q, +9, -11q, +12, -13q, -14q and -17p. CONCLUSIONS: The rate at which chromosomal aberrations accumulate in @entity4 is significantly slow, retaining the acquired chromosomal alterations during the metastatic progression of the @entity1 . No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Integrity of acquired chromosomal alterations during the metastatic progression of human XXXX detected by high-density comprehensive allelotype analysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6528 Background: Late @entity3 has become an important factor influencing the management in survivors of childhood @entity1 and @entity5 . Although, significant proportions of @entity0 with aggressive @entity6 ( @entity6 ) become long-term survivors, a systematic analysis on late non-malignant @entity3 in these @entity0 is lacking. An EORTC database of these @entity0 , consistently treated with @entity7 -like regimens since 1980, offered the possibility to explore late complications in detail. METHODS: Using detailed questionnaires, late complications (>2 years after start therapy) of 757 @entity0 (90%) with a median follow-up of 9.4 (2.1-20.4) years were scored. The cumulative incidences of complications were computed in a competing risk model by Gray (death being the competing event) to avoid bias caused by the high percentage of @entity6 -related @entity4 . Risk factors were estimated in a Cox proportional-hazards model, but also evaluated with the Gray-test. RESULTS: Late non-neoplastic complications were found in 46% of the @entity0 , see Table. CONCLUSIONS: Half of the @entity0 with aggressive @entity6 experience late non-neoplastic, mainly cardiovascular or gonadal, complications. Regulation of @entity2 and quitting smoking after treatment may preserve a better quality of life. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Late non-malignant complications in aggressive XXXX across four randomized EORTC-trials.

answer: @entity6