abstract: BACKGROUND: Shallow upper buccal sulcus, vertical @entity3 ( @entity1 ), and limited mobility of the median part of the upper lip are among the most common @entity1 following surgical @entity5 . They are often encountered together as a triad of @entity2 with a common etiology. To date, there has been no surgical procedure to correct these 3 associated deformities in 1 stage. PURPOSE: In this article, we describe the triad above-mentioned 3 associated @entity2 as a single clinical entity, namely the @entity4 . Moreover, a new procedure for simultaneous correction of these 3 @entity2 in 1 stage is presented. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Over 4 years, this new technique was used in 9 @entity0 , 7 males and 2 females, with the @entity4 following bilateral @entity5 repair. The @entity0 were aged from 1 to 3 years. RESULTS: All @entity0 healed uneventfully. A mean follow-up of 18 months revealed a well-contoured upper lip with a sufficient depth of the upper buccal sulcus, an adequate oral sphincter function, and mobility in all @entity0 . The scars placed on the mucosal surface were almost invisible. CONCLUSIONS: Our technique seems to be useful for 1-stage correction of all 3 components of the @entity4 including shallow upper buccal sulcus, vertical @entity3 of the median part of vermilion, and limited upper lip mobility following surgical repair of the bilateral @entity5 .

title: Correction of tethered upper XXXX following bilateral @entity5 repair.

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Prospective open cohort study. OBJECTIVE: Compare the demographic characteristics and rehabilitation outcomes for both non-traumatic @entity1 (NT- @entity1 ) and traumatic @entity1 (T- @entity1 ) @entity0 admitted into either specialist @entity1 rehabilitation units (SCIRUs) or non-specialist rehabilitation units (NSRUs). SETTING: Rehabilitation units in Australia. METHODS: The Australasian Rehabilitation Outcomes Centre maintains a national database on inpatients admitted to most (130/145) public and private rehabilitation units in Australia. @entity0 were included if they had a diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and were discharged between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2006. @entity0 were excluded if admitted for <7 days, only for assessment, or were a readmission following a previous @entity1 . RESULTS: There were 668 @entity0 with confirmed @entity1 admitted (NT- @entity1 n=361, 54.0%; T- @entity1 n=307, 46.0%). NT- @entity1 @entity0 were much less likely to be admitted into a specialist SCIRU (30.5%) compared with T- @entity1 @entity0 (70.4%). For both NT- @entity1 and T- @entity1 @entity0 , those admitted to a specialist SCIRU tended to be younger (P=0.000), have a longer length of stay in rehabilitation (P=0.000), and lower Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor subscale score on admission (P=0.000) than those admitted to a NSRU. For NT- @entity1 @entity0 , after adjusting for covariates, those admitted into specialist SCIRU had greater improvement in their FIM motor score during rehabilitation. This finding was not demonstrated in T- @entity1 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the characteristics of @entity1 @entity0 admitted to SCIRU compared with NSRU. NT- @entity1 @entity0 admitted to SCIRU have greater functional gain.

title: Comparison of XXXX managed in specialised spinal rehabilitation units with those managed in non-specialised rehabilitation units.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Microtubule cytoskeleton is reformed during apoptosis, forming a cortical structure beneath plasma membrane, which plays an important role in preserving cell morphology and plasma membrane integrity. However, the maintenance of the @entity7 ( @entity7 ) during apoptosis is not understood. In the present study, we examined apoptosis induced by @entity6 ( @entity4 ), a topoisomerase I inhibitor, in @entity0 @entity0 and porcine LLCPK-1a cells. We demonstrate that @entity7 was organized in apoptotic cells with high @entity3 levels and hyperpolarized mitochondria and, on the contrary, was dismantled in apoptotic cells with low @entity3 levels and mitochondrial depolarization. @entity7 disorganization after mitochondrial depolarization was associated with increased plasma membrane permeability assessed by enhancing LDH release and increased intracellular @entity2 levels. Living cell imaging monitoring of both, microtubule dynamics and mitochondrial membrane potential, showed that @entity7 persists during apoptosis coinciding with cycles of mitochondrial hyperpolarization. Eventually, @entity7 was disorganized when mitochondria suffered a large depolarization and cell underwent secondary @entity1 . @entity7 stabilization by @entity5 prevented LDH release and @entity2 influx even though mitochondria were depolarized, suggesting that @entity7 is essential for plasma membrane integrity. Furthermore, high @entity3 levels and mitochondria polarization collapse after oligomycin treatment in apoptotic cells suggest that @entity3 synthase works in "reverse" mode during apoptosis. These data provide new explanations for the role of @entity7 and mitochondria during apoptosis.

title: Apoptotic microtubule network organization and maintenance depend on high cellular XXXX levels and energized mitochondria.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The authors sought to evaluate the role of the different imaging techniques in the study of @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and other rheumatic conditions and to assess potential pitfalls in the radiological diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three consecutive @entity0 with @entity10 as the predominant symptom of a @entity3 were retrospectively studied. Radiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were performed. The following imaging findings were evaluated: @entity2 , @entity11 , synovial reaction, joint-space widening, @entity1 or @entity8 , @entity5 and, in final stages, joint-space narrowing and @entity7 . All images were independently reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists. RESULTS: Radiography demonstrated @entity1 in 10 @entity0 (23%), @entity5 in 15 (34%), jointspace widening in 8 (18%), joint-space narrowing in 17 (39%) and @entity7 in 3 (6%). CT examination showed @entity4 of the sacroiliac joint in 17 @entity0 (41%), @entity5 in 21 (53%), joint-space widening in 22 (53%), joint-space narrowing in 18 (43%) and @entity7 in 7 (17%). At MR, we found @entity2 in 25 @entity0 (92%), @entity11 in 26 (96%), synovial reaction in 21 (77%) and joint-space widening in 5 (18%). CONCLUSIONS: Radiological study of the @entity6 in @entity0 with different @entity3 represents a problem of difficult diagnostic evaluation due to the complexity of the anatomical region and the variability of radiographic findings. The integrated use of conventional radiography, CT and MR imaging is suggested to avoid misdiagnosis.

title: Imaging findings of @entity6 in XXXX and other rheumatic conditions.

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: The authors sought to evaluate the role of the different imaging techniques in the study of @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and other rheumatic conditions and to assess potential pitfalls in the radiological diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three consecutive @entity0 with @entity10 as the predominant symptom of a @entity3 were retrospectively studied. Radiography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were performed. The following imaging findings were evaluated: @entity2 , @entity11 , synovial reaction, joint-space widening, @entity1 or @entity8 , @entity5 and, in final stages, joint-space narrowing and @entity7 . All images were independently reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists. RESULTS: Radiography demonstrated @entity1 in 10 @entity0 (23%), @entity5 in 15 (34%), jointspace widening in 8 (18%), joint-space narrowing in 17 (39%) and @entity7 in 3 (6%). CT examination showed @entity4 of the sacroiliac joint in 17 @entity0 (41%), @entity5 in 21 (53%), joint-space widening in 22 (53%), joint-space narrowing in 18 (43%) and @entity7 in 7 (17%). At MR, we found @entity2 in 25 @entity0 (92%), @entity11 in 26 (96%), synovial reaction in 21 (77%) and joint-space widening in 5 (18%). CONCLUSIONS: Radiological study of the @entity6 in @entity0 with different @entity3 represents a problem of difficult diagnostic evaluation due to the complexity of the anatomical region and the variability of radiographic findings. The integrated use of conventional radiography, CT and MR imaging is suggested to avoid misdiagnosis.

title: Imaging findings of XXXX in @entity9 and other rheumatic conditions.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlation between quality of vision (QOV) and visual function in @entity2 @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: The relationship between QOV and visual function was investigated in 200 Japanese @entity2 @entity0 . QOV was assessed using the Japanese version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire. The @entity3 were defined based on the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) value of the Humphrey Field Analyzer program 30-2. A single linear regression analysis was applied to assess the relationship. RESULTS: The lowest subscale score was observed in general health followed by general vision and driving. Visual acuity and the central 10   @entity4 value in the better eye and the central 30   @entity4 value in the worse eye were highly correlated with QOV. Threshold @entity4 values at which @entity0 began to have lower QOV ranged from -2 to -12 dB in the better eye and from -7 to -16 dB in the worse eye. CONCLUSION: Loss of visual function in both the better and the worse eye is significantly correlated to QOV. QOV of @entity2 @entity0 begins to decrease in the early stages of @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of the relationship between XXXX in Japanese @entity2 @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlation between quality of vision (QOV) and visual function in @entity2 @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: The relationship between QOV and visual function was investigated in 200 Japanese @entity2 @entity0 . QOV was assessed using the Japanese version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire. The @entity3 were defined based on the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) value of the Humphrey Field Analyzer program 30-2. A single linear regression analysis was applied to assess the relationship. RESULTS: The lowest subscale score was observed in general health followed by general vision and driving. Visual acuity and the central 10   @entity4 value in the better eye and the central 30   @entity4 value in the worse eye were highly correlated with QOV. Threshold @entity4 values at which @entity0 began to have lower QOV ranged from -2 to -12 dB in the better eye and from -7 to -16 dB in the worse eye. CONCLUSION: Loss of visual function in both the better and the worse eye is significantly correlated to QOV. QOV of @entity2 @entity0 begins to decrease in the early stages of @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of the relationship between @entity1 in Japanese XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlation between quality of vision (QOV) and visual function in @entity2 @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: The relationship between QOV and visual function was investigated in 200 Japanese @entity2 @entity0 . QOV was assessed using the Japanese version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire. The @entity3 were defined based on the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) value of the Humphrey Field Analyzer program 30-2. A single linear regression analysis was applied to assess the relationship. RESULTS: The lowest subscale score was observed in general health followed by general vision and driving. Visual acuity and the central 10   @entity4 value in the better eye and the central 30   @entity4 value in the worse eye were highly correlated with QOV. Threshold @entity4 values at which @entity0 began to have lower QOV ranged from -2 to -12 dB in the better eye and from -7 to -16 dB in the worse eye. CONCLUSION: Loss of visual function in both the better and the worse eye is significantly correlated to QOV. QOV of @entity2 @entity0 begins to decrease in the early stages of @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of the relationship between @entity1 in Japanese @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The prognosis of @entity5 is determined in part by stage; endocervical stromal involvement (stage IIB) imparts a worsened prognosis. We describe a deceptive pattern of stage IIB disease that mimics a primary @entity7 and may lead to understaging of @entity5 . Fifteen cases of @entity5 with a peculiar pattern of cervical involvement were identified from our consultation files. All cases were referred in consultation because of doubt about the nature of the cervical process and its relation to the @entity1 ; in a few instances, the cervical proliferation was considered possibly benign and in one case was misinterpreted as @entity6 . The @entity0 ranged from 49 to 84 years in age (mean age 64.9 years). There was usually a grossly evident @entity5 . The cervix was unremarkable grossly in at least 11 @entity0 . The cervical @entity1 were composed of variably shaped, often tubular glands with little or no stromal response and mainly invaded as widely spaced glands that often appeared deceptively benign. In 14 cases luminal secretions, mainly eosinophilic, were identified, often leading to consideration of a @entity2 . Ten of the @entity5 were grade 1, four grade 2, and one grade 3. One was noninvasive, nine superficially invasive, and five deeply invasive. In four cases myoinvasion had, at least in part, a diffusely infiltrative pattern. The @entity1 in the cervix showed no in situ component and no definite surface involvement. Continuity with the @entity1 could be demonstrated in 12 cases. Ten of the cervical @entity1 invaded more deeply than the @entity5 , four invaded to a similar depth, and only one was more superficial than its endometrial counterpart. The cervical and @entity1 had a similar immunoprofile in nine cases: all were vimentin positive, eight @entity3 positive and one negative, four carcinoembryonic antigen negative, and five with focal apical or rare cytoplasmic staining. This immunoprofile in conjunction with routine morphologic similarity between the two @entity1 and the usual documented continuity between them indicate that the cervical process represents spread from the @entity5 . It is important for both therapeutic and prognostic reasons that the @entity4 is not misinterpreted as a benign or malignant primary endocervical glandular process.

title: @entity5 with a deceptive pattern of spread to the uterine cervix: a manifestation of XXXX liable to be misinterpreted as an independent carcinoma or a benign lesion.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The prognosis of @entity5 is determined in part by stage; endocervical stromal involvement (stage IIB) imparts a worsened prognosis. We describe a deceptive pattern of stage IIB disease that mimics a primary @entity7 and may lead to understaging of @entity5 . Fifteen cases of @entity5 with a peculiar pattern of cervical involvement were identified from our consultation files. All cases were referred in consultation because of doubt about the nature of the cervical process and its relation to the @entity1 ; in a few instances, the cervical proliferation was considered possibly benign and in one case was misinterpreted as @entity6 . The @entity0 ranged from 49 to 84 years in age (mean age 64.9 years). There was usually a grossly evident @entity5 . The cervix was unremarkable grossly in at least 11 @entity0 . The cervical @entity1 were composed of variably shaped, often tubular glands with little or no stromal response and mainly invaded as widely spaced glands that often appeared deceptively benign. In 14 cases luminal secretions, mainly eosinophilic, were identified, often leading to consideration of a @entity2 . Ten of the @entity5 were grade 1, four grade 2, and one grade 3. One was noninvasive, nine superficially invasive, and five deeply invasive. In four cases myoinvasion had, at least in part, a diffusely infiltrative pattern. The @entity1 in the cervix showed no in situ component and no definite surface involvement. Continuity with the @entity1 could be demonstrated in 12 cases. Ten of the cervical @entity1 invaded more deeply than the @entity5 , four invaded to a similar depth, and only one was more superficial than its endometrial counterpart. The cervical and @entity1 had a similar immunoprofile in nine cases: all were vimentin positive, eight @entity3 positive and one negative, four carcinoembryonic antigen negative, and five with focal apical or rare cytoplasmic staining. This immunoprofile in conjunction with routine morphologic similarity between the two @entity1 and the usual documented continuity between them indicate that the cervical process represents spread from the @entity5 . It is important for both therapeutic and prognostic reasons that the @entity4 is not misinterpreted as a benign or malignant primary endocervical glandular process.

title: XXXX with a deceptive pattern of spread to the uterine cervix: a manifestation of @entity5 liable to be misinterpreted as an independent carcinoma or a benign lesion.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the midterm efficacy and safety of the iStent(  ) @entity3 device in @entity0 with secondary @entity4 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A prospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series involving 10 @entity0 with secondary @entity4 (traumatic, @entity1 , pseudoexfoliative, and @entity4 ) of recent onset who underwent ab interno implantation iStent. @entity0 were assessed following the procedure on days 1, 7, and 15 and months 1, 3, 6, and 12, and examinations included visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement using Goldmann tonometry, number of @entity3 medications, and complications. Wilcoxon rank-test for data with abnormal distribution was used for the analysis of IOP and @entity3 medications at baseline versus 3, 6, and 12 months following the procedure. RESULTS: The mean baseline IOP was 26.5    7.9 (range 18-40) mmHg, and significantly decreased in 10.4    9.2 mmHg at three months (P < 0.05), in 7.4    4.9 mmHg at six months (P < 0.05), and in 6.6    5.4 mmHg at 12 months (P < 0.05) following iStent implantation. The mean number of @entity2 medications at baseline was 2.9    0.7 (range 2-4). Statistically significant reductions in the number of medications of 1.1    1.1 were observed at three months (P < 0.05), 1.0    0.7 at six months (P < 0.05), and 1.1    0.6 at 12 months (P < 0.05). No significant changes in visual acuity were noted. The most common complications comprised mild @entity6 in seven eyes and transient IOP >= 30 mmHg in three eyes on postoperative day 1. Obstruction of the lumen of the stent with a @entity5 was seen in three eyes, and all instances resolved spontaneously. CONCLUSION: The iStent is a safe and effective treatment option in @entity0 with secondary @entity4 , and reduces the topical treatment burden in one @entity2 medication.

title: One-year analysis of the iStent trabecular microbypass in secondary XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Serological proinflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been associated with reduced survival for many different types of @entity1 . This study determined the prognostic value of the preoperative value of these markers in @entity0 with resectable @entity2 . METHODS: Consecutive @entity0 who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for @entity3 were entered into our database from 2001 to the present day. CRP, NLR, and PLR at the time of presentation were recorded as well as overall and disease-free survival. RESULTS: Seventy-four @entity0 were identified. Overall median survival was 35.0 months and median disease-free survival was 27.0 months. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 125.8 months. Preoperative NLR was significantly greater in those @entity0 who developed recurrence in the follow-up period (4.5 vs. 3.1). CRP and PLR were not found to differ significantly between the two groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of @entity0 with NLR > 5 demonstrated a disease-free survival of 12 months compared with 52 months for those @entity0 with NLR < 5 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Preoperative NLR offers important prognostic information regarding disease-free survival following curative resection of @entity3 .

title: Preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with reduced disease-free survival following curative resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Little is known about the behaviour of @entity3 in @entity0 of mixed ancestry. A retrospective analysis of 844 consecutive @entity0 presenting with @entity3 over a 12-year period was performed. Forty @entity0 (4.8%) were of mixed ancestry. The data evaluated included @entity0 age, gender, delay in presentation, presenting stage, anatomical distribution, histology, management and outcome. The mean age at presentation was 52.8 years. Twenty-seven @entity0 were female. The mean delay in presentation was 1.54 years. Seventy per cent of @entity3 were confined to the extremities, of which one-third were plantar in origin. The most common histological variant, affecting 13 @entity0 (32.5%), was @entity3 ; 12.5% of @entity0 presented with in situ (Stage 0) disease, 17.5% with Stage I disease, 22.5% with @entity2 , 27.5% with @entity1 and 7.5% with Stage IV disease. Twenty-seven @entity0 (67.5%) remained alive at the end of the study after a median follow-up of 5.58 years, whilst 11 (27.5%) died after a median of 2.42 years. The median survival was 3.92 years. Although the histological type and anatomical distribution reflect the disease pattern of black populations, the overall 5-year survival of 74% is similar to that seen in white populations. An education programme is needed to improve @entity3 awareness in mixed race populations.

title: XXXX in South Africans of mixed ancestry: a retrospective analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We report a case of a 14-year- @entity0 who presented to us with a low-grade fever with evening rise for 9 months. Along with this, the @entity0 also reported a reduction in his appetite and body weight. He had a mild dry cough but no respiratory symptoms otherwise. There was no other localization for fever on history. He received antitubercular therapy, based on abnormal chest radiograph. However, there was no relief in his symptoms. General physical examination revealed mild fever. Systemic examination was unremarkable. Blood investigations done for fever were noncontributory. Computed tomographic (CT) scan of the chest revealed a mediastinal mass compressing the @entity5 . The possibilities of @entity1 were considered. A biopsy from the mass under CT guidance was performed. The histopathology revealed multiple epithelioid cell @entity4 with @entity2 , and the diagnosis of @entity3 was made. The clinical course of this @entity0 and the relevant literature is presented in this paper.

title: Anterior mediastinal mass: a rare presentation of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This article attempts to assess the nature, severity and management of the risks associated with pregnancy in @entity6 and @entity5 , including dialysis and transplant recipients. Women with serum @entity7 levels of >125 mmol/l are at an increased risk for deterioration in renal function, @entity1 with superimposed @entity8 . Rigid control of @entity1 is crucial for a successful pregnancy outcome. A range of antihypertensive drugs are available with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors being contraindicated. @entity0 on dialysis have low fertility rates that return to normal following renal transplantation. Immunosuppresive drugs are not associated with @entity2 . Transplant recipients are at an increased risk for @entity4 that may have implications for the fetus. All groups have an increased risk for @entity9 and intrauterine growth restriction. The percentage of pregnancies resulting in surviving @entity0 in @entity0 with @entity3 and transplant recipients ranges from 80-100%. For @entity0 who conceive after dialysis, the likelihood of a surviving @entity0 is approximately 50%.

title: XXXX in pregnancy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Clinical study and follow up of @entity3 @entity0 in Oman. METHODS: Follow up of 50 consecutive @entity3 @entity0 referred to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman for a median period of 3 years from 1997 to 2000. We based the diagnosis on the clinical picture, repetitive nerve stimulation tests and edrophonium test. We performed a computerized tomography scan of the chest and anti- @entity1 receptor antibodies. We reviewed the results of immuno modulatory treatment including thymectomy and compared these with other studies. RESULTS: Of 50 @entity0 , 6 had purely @entity3 . Of the 44 with generalized @entity3 , 28 had bulbar involvement and 12 required ventilatory support. Eight out of 29 thymectomized @entity0 had drug free remission after 2 years. There was worsening of @entity2 in only one out of 8 pregnancies and deliveries. CONCLUSION: Bulbar and ventilatory involvement are more common in our series as compared with western data. Pregnancy and delivery were well tolerated.

title: Clinical profile of XXXX in the Sultanate of Oman.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In @entity0 @entity1 , several regimens of neoadjuvant chemotherapy have been developed in order to achieve prognostic advantages for individual @entity1 . Though some percentages of @entity0 @entity1 show clinically complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the histopathological specimens of these @entity1 demonstrate a considerably high frequency of the existence of @entity3 . In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 @entity1 showing clinically complete response (cCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, using thin-section (5 mm) helical CT (prone position) with bolus injection of contrast agent. Between April 1994 and March 2002, 9 @entity1 with @entity0 showing cCR to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy, who had undergone thin-section CT study both before and following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, enrolled in the study. The mean age of the @entity1 was 46.2 years and all of them were female. The clinical stages were, 8 @entity1 in stage II, and one in stage IIIA. In the CT evaluation, @entity3 was visualized in 5 out of the 9 @entity1 . Histopathological examination disclosed the existence of @entity2 in 6 out of the 9 @entity1 , but only non-invasive @entity2 was revealed in 1 out of the 6. As @entity1 having @entity3 composed only of non-invasive @entity2 are classified into the pathologically complete response group according to the WHO classification, 4 out of these 9 @entity1 showing clinically complete response to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy were classified into pCR (pathologically complete response) group, and another 5 were classified into the @entity5 (pathologically partial response) group. As a result, the diagnostic accuracy of the second CT study performed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was evaluated as 77.8%, with a sensitivity of 80.0%, a specificity of 75.0%, a positive predictive value ( @entity4 ) of 80.0%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 75.0%. Therefore, for precise evaluation of the neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic effect for @entity0 , thin-section CT studies are considered to be essential.

title: CT findings of XXXX with clinically complete response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy--histological correlation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of @entity9 in morbidly @entity2 subjects before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) and its relationship with @entity4 . SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We evaluated 420 morbidly @entity2 @entity0 . Pre and postoperative (8 months after RYGBP) blood samples were drawn. @entity2 @entity0 underwent laparoscopic RYGBP and after eight months all the tests were repeated. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity9 was 34.28%. @entity9 was more common in @entity0 than in @entity0 (51.72 vs. 29.72%; p = 0.0002). @entity0 with @entity9 were more likely to have @entity1 (p = 0.034) and more elevated fasting plasma @entity6 levels (p = 0.027). @entity0 with @entity9 were more likely to have @entity3 (p = 0.003), @entity4 (p = 0.001), elevated @entity8 (p = 0.001) and GGT (p = 0.009), and decreased HDL (p = 0.011). After surgery, @entity7 levels decreased from 5.60    1.28 to 4.23    1.20 (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of @entity9 decreased from 33.6% to 6.4% (p < 0.0001), in @entity0 from 48.3% to 17.2% (p < 0.0001) and in @entity0 from 29.7% to 3.6% (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Concentrations of @entity7 were associated with the prevalence of @entity4 in this sample of morbidly @entity2 @entity0 . Also, @entity5 after RYGBP can reduce @entity7 levels and the prevalence of @entity9 .

title: Relation of XXXX with components of @entity4 before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in morbidly @entity2 subjects.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of @entity9 in morbidly @entity2 subjects before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) and its relationship with @entity4 . SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We evaluated 420 morbidly @entity2 @entity0 . Pre and postoperative (8 months after RYGBP) blood samples were drawn. @entity2 @entity0 underwent laparoscopic RYGBP and after eight months all the tests were repeated. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity9 was 34.28%. @entity9 was more common in @entity0 than in @entity0 (51.72 vs. 29.72%; p = 0.0002). @entity0 with @entity9 were more likely to have @entity1 (p = 0.034) and more elevated fasting plasma @entity6 levels (p = 0.027). @entity0 with @entity9 were more likely to have @entity3 (p = 0.003), @entity4 (p = 0.001), elevated @entity8 (p = 0.001) and GGT (p = 0.009), and decreased HDL (p = 0.011). After surgery, @entity7 levels decreased from 5.60    1.28 to 4.23    1.20 (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of @entity9 decreased from 33.6% to 6.4% (p < 0.0001), in @entity0 from 48.3% to 17.2% (p < 0.0001) and in @entity0 from 29.7% to 3.6% (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Concentrations of @entity7 were associated with the prevalence of @entity4 in this sample of morbidly @entity2 @entity0 . Also, @entity5 after RYGBP can reduce @entity7 levels and the prevalence of @entity9 .

title: Relation of @entity7 with components of @entity4 before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in morbidly XXXX subjects.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of @entity9 in morbidly @entity2 subjects before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) and its relationship with @entity4 . SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We evaluated 420 morbidly @entity2 @entity0 . Pre and postoperative (8 months after RYGBP) blood samples were drawn. @entity2 @entity0 underwent laparoscopic RYGBP and after eight months all the tests were repeated. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity9 was 34.28%. @entity9 was more common in @entity0 than in @entity0 (51.72 vs. 29.72%; p = 0.0002). @entity0 with @entity9 were more likely to have @entity1 (p = 0.034) and more elevated fasting plasma @entity6 levels (p = 0.027). @entity0 with @entity9 were more likely to have @entity3 (p = 0.003), @entity4 (p = 0.001), elevated @entity8 (p = 0.001) and GGT (p = 0.009), and decreased HDL (p = 0.011). After surgery, @entity7 levels decreased from 5.60    1.28 to 4.23    1.20 (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of @entity9 decreased from 33.6% to 6.4% (p < 0.0001), in @entity0 from 48.3% to 17.2% (p < 0.0001) and in @entity0 from 29.7% to 3.6% (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Concentrations of @entity7 were associated with the prevalence of @entity4 in this sample of morbidly @entity2 @entity0 . Also, @entity5 after RYGBP can reduce @entity7 levels and the prevalence of @entity9 .

title: Relation of @entity7 with components of XXXX before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in morbidly @entity2 subjects.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Gut-derived endotoxin and pathogenic bacteria have been proposed to be important causative factors of morbidity and mortality due to @entity2 . However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the small @entity8 caused by @entity2 have yet to be well characterized. In order to verify the possible inflammatory pathogenesis of intestinal tissue injury, a @entity0 @entity2 model was established. Cooling treatment was applied, mimicking the clinical therapy. Morphologic changes in intestinal tissue and 10 cytokines and chemokines produced from ileum tissue were detected, and their correlation was analyzed. As a result, @entity8 in @entity0 worsened with the increase in rectal core temperature (Tc) during heat stress. When heat stress was halted at a Tc of no more than 41  C followed by cooling treatment, pathological recovery from the @entity3 was observed. However, when cooling treatment was applied after the Tc reached 42  C, the lesions continuously deteriorated until the animals succumbed. The levels of pro-inflammatory ( @entity4 , @entity9 , @entity6 and @entity5 ) and anti-inflammatory ( @entity7 , @entity13 ) cytokines showed significant changes at different time points during the heat stress and cooling treatment, but no changes in @entity10 , @entity11 , @entity12 and @entity1 were observed. Levels of @entity4 , @entity7 and @entity13 were moreover significantly correlated with @entity8 scores. A significant inverse linear correlation was observed between @entity8 and @entity13 levels. In conclusion, this study provided insight into the inflammatory pathogenesis of intestinal tissue injury after heat stress and cooling treatment in a @entity0 model, and presented a potential biomarker for the evaluation of @entity8 during @entity2 .

title: Intestinal inflammation and tissue injury in response to heat stress and cooling treatment in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a very common disorder. Therapeutic options include lifestyle modifications, medical therapy, laparoscopic antireflux surgery, and three more recent options-injection therapy to the lower esophageal sphincter, endoscopic sewing procedures, and radio frequency ablation therapy. Medical therapy is effective in most @entity0 but not always successful with advanced disease. Up to 70% of subjects do not have adequate nocturnal control of gastric acid secretion with 20 mg of @entity5 given twice per day. @entity0 who do not tolerate medical therapy, who respond inadequately, or who want to avoid life-long drug therapy are candidates for alternate treatments. Studies on endoscopic procedures such as polymethylmethacrylate ( @entity6 ) injection, the Stretta procedure,and endoscopic suturing techniques all suffer from having small study groups for each procedure,unknown durability, short follow-up, and the absence of randomized, controlled procedures. Limitations on endoscopic techniques are @entity4 , severe @entity3 , and larger @entity2 . Laparoscopic antireflux surgery remains a well-established, durable alternative to long-term medical therapy. It has the benefits of convenience, safety, minimal complications, improved quality of life, and low cost. Alternative methods will have to earn their place against this gold standard.

title: [Treatment strategies for XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether erectile functioning after termination of @entity2 intake in @entity0 with psychogenic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) can be predicted with psychological measures. METHOD: The subjects in a nonrandomized controlled trial were 65 heterosexual @entity0 with acquired psychogenic @entity1 , aged 54.2 +/- 11 years. @entity2 medication was taken as required before sexual activity, up to two times per week. Response to a global end point question ("Did the treatment you took during the study improve your physical response during sexual activity in the last 4 weeks?") was recorded after 6 weeks of @entity2 use and, subsequently, 6 weeks without medication. Other measures of sexual functioning and cognitive predictor measures were also administered. RESULTS: Of the 65 @entity0 who commenced @entity2 treatment, 37% withdrew from the study before follow-up assessment. At posttreatment, 89% of @entity0 reported that treatment had improved or cured their erectile functioning. At follow-up, 66% of @entity0 had maintained posttreatment gains. Response at follow-up could be predicted (p <.001) with 96% sensitivity and 50% specificity by entering changes in sexual self-confidence and the @entity0 's rating of his partner's wish to continue treatment in a logistic regression model. Higher odds for recovery of erectile functioning were found in @entity0 reporting increased sexual self-confidence and the estimation that their partner wanted them to continue @entity2 use. High pretreatment sexual desire was found to further increase the odds for positive responding at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that continued improvement of erectile functioning is possible after discontinuation of @entity2 use in @entity0 with psychogenic @entity1 . Maintenance of gains can be predicted from cognitive changes before medication is withdrawn.

title: Cognitive changes predict continued recovery of erectile functioning versus relapse after discontinuation of @entity2 treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether erectile functioning after termination of @entity2 intake in @entity0 with psychogenic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) can be predicted with psychological measures. METHOD: The subjects in a nonrandomized controlled trial were 65 heterosexual @entity0 with acquired psychogenic @entity1 , aged 54.2 +/- 11 years. @entity2 medication was taken as required before sexual activity, up to two times per week. Response to a global end point question ("Did the treatment you took during the study improve your physical response during sexual activity in the last 4 weeks?") was recorded after 6 weeks of @entity2 use and, subsequently, 6 weeks without medication. Other measures of sexual functioning and cognitive predictor measures were also administered. RESULTS: Of the 65 @entity0 who commenced @entity2 treatment, 37% withdrew from the study before follow-up assessment. At posttreatment, 89% of @entity0 reported that treatment had improved or cured their erectile functioning. At follow-up, 66% of @entity0 had maintained posttreatment gains. Response at follow-up could be predicted (p <.001) with 96% sensitivity and 50% specificity by entering changes in sexual self-confidence and the @entity0 's rating of his partner's wish to continue treatment in a logistic regression model. Higher odds for recovery of erectile functioning were found in @entity0 reporting increased sexual self-confidence and the estimation that their partner wanted them to continue @entity2 use. High pretreatment sexual desire was found to further increase the odds for positive responding at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that continued improvement of erectile functioning is possible after discontinuation of @entity2 use in @entity0 with psychogenic @entity1 . Maintenance of gains can be predicted from cognitive changes before medication is withdrawn.

title: Cognitive changes predict continued recovery of erectile functioning versus relapse after discontinuation of XXXX treatment for @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Brain imaging studies have long supported that @entity3 is a @entity2 , involving many discrete and widely spread regions. Generally, studies have shown decreases in cortical @entity1 ( @entity1 ) volume. Here, we selectively review recent papers studying @entity1 volume changes in @entity3 subjects, both first-episode (FE) and chronic, in an attempt to quantify and better understand differences between healthy and @entity0 groups. We focused on the cortical @entity1 of the prefrontal cortex, limbic and paralimbic structures, temporal lobe, and one subcortical structure (the caudate nucleus). We performed a search of the electronic journal database PsycINFO using the keywords " @entity3 " and "MRI," and selected for papers published between 2001 and 2008. We then screened for only those studies utilizing manual or manually edited tracing methodologies for determining regions of interest (ROIs). Each region of interest was indexed independently; thus, one paper might yield results for numerous brain regions. Our review found that in almost all ROIs, cortical @entity1 volume was decreased in the @entity0 populations. The only exception was the caudate nucleus - most studies reviewed showed no change, while one study showed an increase in volume; this region, however, is particularly sensitive to medication effects. The reductions were seen in both FE and chronic @entity3 . These results clearly support that @entity3 is an anatomical @entity2 , and specifically that @entity3 @entity0 tend to have decreased cortical @entity1 in regions involved in higher cognition and emotional processing. That these reductions were found in both FE and chronic subjects supports that @entity2 are present at the onset of illness, and are not simply a consequence of chronicity. Additional studies assessing morphometry at different phases of the illness, including prodromal stages, together with longitudinal studies will elucidate further the role of progression in this disorder.

title: A selective review of volumetric and morphometric imaging in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Stenosis of the @entity1 ( @entity11 -TRAS) is an uncommon cause of @entity7 and @entity2 . We assessed the role of duplex sonography (DS) in regard to clinical and angiographic findings and followed the @entity0 after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty ( @entity8 ), @entity8 stenting (PTAS), or surgery. METHODS: From January 1988 to August 2001, 97 of 1,064 kidney recipients underwent angiography for clinical or Doppler-sonographic suspicion of vascular problems. Kidney function, blood pressure, medication, and DS findings after renal transplantation (RTx) at the time of diagnosis of @entity11 -TRAS and after treatment were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity11 -TRAS was diagnosed in 16 @entity0 (1.5%) (49.6+/-6.9 years). Four @entity0 demonstrated early presentation of @entity11 -TRAS 1 to 7 days after RTx (group A), leading to @entity6 but without @entity2 . In all @entity0 , DS revealed pulsus parvus et tardus, low pulsatility index (PI) (<1.0), and a pathologic flow profile in the iliac artery proximal and distal to the graft. After treatment (surgery in two @entity0 , @entity8 in one @entity0 , PTAS in one @entity0 ), all @entity0 developed @entity3 ( @entity9 1.7+/-0.9 mg/dL). PI increased from 0.9+/-0.1 to 1.2+/-0.1 (P=0.04), and flow profile within the iliac artery distal to the graft normalized. Late presentation (3-209 months after RTx) of @entity11 -TRAS was observed in 12 @entity0 (group B), causing an increase of @entity9 in 11 @entity0 (two @entity0 receiving dialysis treatments), @entity5 (141+/-15 and 80.7+/-7 to 160+/-18 and 85+/-7 mm Hg, P=0.009), and an increase in antihypertensive drugs (2.1+/-1.1 and 4.3+/-1, P=0.003) in all @entity0 . The PI was decreased when compared with values early after RTx (1.6+/-0.4 to 1.2+/-0.3, P=0.007), and flow profile in the iliac artery was pathologic. All @entity0 except one were managed by surgery (n=6), @entity8 (n=1), or PTAS (n=4). @entity9 (2.7+/-1.4 to 1.8+/-0.4 mg/dL, P=0.02) and blood pressure (160+/-18/85+/-7 mm Hg to 138+/-7/82+/-9, P=0.018) improved. Antihypertensive drugs were reduced to 2.8+/-0.8 (P=0.01). PI increased from 1.2+/-0.3 to 1.9+/-0.5 (P=0.01). Flow profile within the iliac artery distal to the graft anastomosis normalized. Kidney function, blood pressure, and PI remained unchanged during follow-up (82+/-69.9 months) in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity11 -TRAS is rare. Because clinical symptoms are similar to those of transplant @entity10 , DS is a valuable tool for diagnosis and follow-up for this type of @entity4 . Selective treatment with @entity8 , PTAS, or surgery improves kidney function and @entity2 .

title: XXXX proximal to a kidney transplant: clinical findings, duplex-sonographic criteria, treatment, and outcome.

answer: @entity10


abstract: To clarify clinicopathologic features of @entity5 with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, we carried out a study of 35 cases. There were two histologic groups, which we have designated lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing @entity4 and @entity5 . Lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing @entity4 (22 cases) was a fibrosing process with diffuse lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates involving pancreatic lobules and ducts, adipose tissue, blood vessels, and common bile duct. Obliterative @entity6 was found in every case except for one. The histologic features were similar to other @entity2 , and one @entity0 also had retroperitoneal @entity3 . Affected @entity0 tended to be elderly @entity0 . @entity5 (13 cases) was characterized by inflammatory infiltrates (including neutrophils) that were denser in the lobules than in interlobular fibrotic areas. Neutrophils were also prominent in the ducts, and destruction of the duct epithelium was commonly seen. @entity0 ages were more broadly distributed than in lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing @entity4 . Two @entity0 had @entity1 . We conclude that @entity5 with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, sometimes called autoimmune @entity4 , consists of at least two different processes. One of these, lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing @entity4 , is a histologically unique lesion and could be a pancreatic manifestation of @entity2 .

title: XXXX with periductal lymphoplasmacytic infiltration: clinicopathologic features of 35 cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in premature @entity0 a new parenteral lipid emulsion based on olive and @entity5 oils (ratio 4:1), with less @entity6 ( @entity11 ) and more @entity9 than standard @entity5 oil emulsion. STUDY DESIGN: Premature @entity0 (gestational age, 28-<37 weeks) were randomized to receive one of the two emulsions within the first 72 hours of life. The @entity2 dose was increased to 2 g/kg/day within 3 days. Plasma phospholipid @entity7 , @entity9 /lipid ratio, and urinary @entity3 ( @entity8 ) excretion were determined at baseline and after 7 days. RESULTS: Of 45 recruited @entity0 , 33 completed the study per protocol (15 @entity5 oil, 18 olive oil emulsion). At study end, groups did not differ in plasma phospholipid @entity4 , total n-6 and n-3 metabolites, but the olive oil group showed higher values of the @entity11 intermediates @entity12 (0.19% +/- 0.01% vs. 0.13% +/- 0.02%, P < 0.05) and C20:3n-6 (2.92% +/- 0.12% vs. 2.21% +/- 0.17%, P = 0.005). The plasma @entity9 /total lipd ratio was higher in the olive oil group (2.45 +/- 0.27 micromol/mmol vs. 1.90 +/- 0.08 micromol/mmol, P = 0.001), whereas urinary @entity8 excretion did not differ. CONCLUSION: The lower @entity11 supply with the olive/ @entity5 oil emulsion appears to enhance @entity10 conversion. The reduced @entity11 content, combined with a higher antioxidant intake in the olive oil group, results in an improved @entity1 status. The olive oil-based emulsion is a valuable alternative for parenteral feeding of preterm @entity0 who are often exposed to oxidative stress, while their antioxidative defense is weak.

title: Parenteral fat emulsions based on olive and XXXX oils: a randomized clinical trial in preterm @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in premature @entity0 a new parenteral lipid emulsion based on olive and @entity5 oils (ratio 4:1), with less @entity6 ( @entity11 ) and more @entity9 than standard @entity5 oil emulsion. STUDY DESIGN: Premature @entity0 (gestational age, 28-<37 weeks) were randomized to receive one of the two emulsions within the first 72 hours of life. The @entity2 dose was increased to 2 g/kg/day within 3 days. Plasma phospholipid @entity7 , @entity9 /lipid ratio, and urinary @entity3 ( @entity8 ) excretion were determined at baseline and after 7 days. RESULTS: Of 45 recruited @entity0 , 33 completed the study per protocol (15 @entity5 oil, 18 olive oil emulsion). At study end, groups did not differ in plasma phospholipid @entity4 , total n-6 and n-3 metabolites, but the olive oil group showed higher values of the @entity11 intermediates @entity12 (0.19% +/- 0.01% vs. 0.13% +/- 0.02%, P < 0.05) and C20:3n-6 (2.92% +/- 0.12% vs. 2.21% +/- 0.17%, P = 0.005). The plasma @entity9 /total lipd ratio was higher in the olive oil group (2.45 +/- 0.27 micromol/mmol vs. 1.90 +/- 0.08 micromol/mmol, P = 0.001), whereas urinary @entity8 excretion did not differ. CONCLUSION: The lower @entity11 supply with the olive/ @entity5 oil emulsion appears to enhance @entity10 conversion. The reduced @entity11 content, combined with a higher antioxidant intake in the olive oil group, results in an improved @entity1 status. The olive oil-based emulsion is a valuable alternative for parenteral feeding of preterm @entity0 who are often exposed to oxidative stress, while their antioxidative defense is weak.

title: Parenteral fat emulsions based on olive and @entity5 oils: a randomized clinical trial in preterm XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The aim of this study was to assess whether in utero @entity2 smoke exposure alone affects early-life lung growth and development. Pregnant BALB/c @entity1 were exposed to cigarette smoke from six cigarettes per day, or air, from day 8 to 20 of gestation. At 2 weeks of age, pups were weighed and had their lung volumes and lung mechanics measured. Pups born from mothers exposed to cigarette smoke ( @entity3 pups; n=17) were significantly lighter (6.76    0.76 versus 7.72    0.68 g) and had lower lung volumes (0.123    0.02 versus 0.149    0.02 mL) than control pups (n=20). Respiratory mechanics were adversely impacted by cigarette smoke exposure. @entity3 pups had higher baseline airway resistance, tissue damping and tissue elastance. These differences were largely due to lower lung volumes. Both tissue damping and elastance were increased excessively in @entity3 pups at high transrespiratory pressures, while other parameters were not affected. There were no histological differences between groups. In utero @entity2 smoke exposure significantly affects growth and development in BALB/c @entity1 . These impacts may partially explain the susceptibility of @entity0 born to smoking mothers to early @entity4 and @entity4 as adults.

title: In utero cigarette smoke exposure impairs somatic and lung growth in BALB/c XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Before and after investigation of the effects of a wheelchair ergometer Training programme. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of an original interval-training programme on work capacity and cardiorespiratory variables with spinal cord-injured @entity0 (SCIP's) on a wheelchair-specific ergometer. SETTING: BESANCON, FRANCE. METHODS: Seven SCIP's (male) performed 45 min of wheelchair ergometry three times per week, for 6 weeks. Training effects on maximal dynamic performance and endurance capacity were studied by comparison of performance and cardiorespiratory responses observed during both a maximal progressive test (10 W/2 min) and the same training session performed before and after training. RESULTS: Training induced significant improvements in maximal tolerated power (+19.6%), in peak @entity1 consumption (VO2,+16%), and in @entity1 pulse ( @entity3 ,+18.7%). At ventilatory threshold, significant improvements were also observed in power output (+63%), VO2VT(+ 34.1), ventilation VEVT(+ 37.1%), and V2pVT(+ 19.9% ). Heart rate and ventilation were significantly lower (-11 and -14.6%, respectively) after training at the same work rate, while @entity2 was unchanged. Between the first and the last training session, the total physical work was improved by 24.7%, whereas heart rate was unchanged. CONCLUSION: An interval-training programme individualised to each paraplegic subject using a wheelchair ergometer can significantly improve the fitness level and endurance capacity.

title: Effects of a wheelchair ergometer training programme on spinal cord-injured XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 -associated macrophages and high levels of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) are associated with poor prognosis in @entity0 @entity1 , but their potential interdependence has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine whether macrophages regulate @entity8 expression in @entity0 cells. For this purpose, THP-1 cells were cocultured with @entity1 @entity0 cells. Coculture led to increased @entity8 expression in the @entity1 cells and elevated @entity7 levels in conditioned media. Similar results were observed when THP-1 cells were incubated with @entity1 @entity0 cells or when @entity1 monocyte-derived macrophages were cocultured with @entity1 cells. Coculture triggered production of reactive @entity3 species (ROS) in @entity1 cells. @entity8 induction was blocked in cells preincubated with an reduced @entity4 ( @entity4 ) oxidase inhibitor or by silencing @entity11 , a subunit of @entity4 oxidase. ROS production triggered activation of @entity9 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Blocking @entity9 or MAPK activities or antagonizing the @entity10 ( @entity10 ) transcription factor attenuated @entity8 induction in @entity1 cells. Coculture caused rapid induction of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in both @entity0 cells and macrophages. Increased @entity6 expression was blocked by an @entity5 ( @entity5 ), suggesting autocrine and paracrine effects. Importantly, macrophage-induced @entity8 expression was blocked in @entity1 cells preincubated with @entity5 or anti- @entity6 IgG. Together, these results indicate that macrophage-mediated induction of @entity8 in @entity0 cells is a consequence of @entity6 -mediated stimulation of ROS > @entity9 > MAPK > @entity10 signaling. @entity6 -dependent induction of @entity8 in @entity0 cells provides a mechanism whereby macrophages contribute to @entity2 progression and potential therapeutic targets in @entity0 .

title: Macrophages induce @entity8 expression in @entity0 cells: role of XXXX autoamplification.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity2 -associated macrophages and high levels of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) are associated with poor prognosis in @entity0 @entity1 , but their potential interdependence has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine whether macrophages regulate @entity8 expression in @entity0 cells. For this purpose, THP-1 cells were cocultured with @entity1 @entity0 cells. Coculture led to increased @entity8 expression in the @entity1 cells and elevated @entity7 levels in conditioned media. Similar results were observed when THP-1 cells were incubated with @entity1 @entity0 cells or when @entity1 monocyte-derived macrophages were cocultured with @entity1 cells. Coculture triggered production of reactive @entity3 species (ROS) in @entity1 cells. @entity8 induction was blocked in cells preincubated with an reduced @entity4 ( @entity4 ) oxidase inhibitor or by silencing @entity11 , a subunit of @entity4 oxidase. ROS production triggered activation of @entity9 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Blocking @entity9 or MAPK activities or antagonizing the @entity10 ( @entity10 ) transcription factor attenuated @entity8 induction in @entity1 cells. Coculture caused rapid induction of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in both @entity0 cells and macrophages. Increased @entity6 expression was blocked by an @entity5 ( @entity5 ), suggesting autocrine and paracrine effects. Importantly, macrophage-induced @entity8 expression was blocked in @entity1 cells preincubated with @entity5 or anti- @entity6 IgG. Together, these results indicate that macrophage-mediated induction of @entity8 in @entity0 cells is a consequence of @entity6 -mediated stimulation of ROS > @entity9 > MAPK > @entity10 signaling. @entity6 -dependent induction of @entity8 in @entity0 cells provides a mechanism whereby macrophages contribute to @entity2 progression and potential therapeutic targets in @entity0 .

title: Macrophages induce @entity8 expression in XXXX cells: role of @entity6 autoamplification.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 -associated macrophages and high levels of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) are associated with poor prognosis in @entity0 @entity1 , but their potential interdependence has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine whether macrophages regulate @entity8 expression in @entity0 cells. For this purpose, THP-1 cells were cocultured with @entity1 @entity0 cells. Coculture led to increased @entity8 expression in the @entity1 cells and elevated @entity7 levels in conditioned media. Similar results were observed when THP-1 cells were incubated with @entity1 @entity0 cells or when @entity1 monocyte-derived macrophages were cocultured with @entity1 cells. Coculture triggered production of reactive @entity3 species (ROS) in @entity1 cells. @entity8 induction was blocked in cells preincubated with an reduced @entity4 ( @entity4 ) oxidase inhibitor or by silencing @entity11 , a subunit of @entity4 oxidase. ROS production triggered activation of @entity9 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Blocking @entity9 or MAPK activities or antagonizing the @entity10 ( @entity10 ) transcription factor attenuated @entity8 induction in @entity1 cells. Coculture caused rapid induction of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in both @entity0 cells and macrophages. Increased @entity6 expression was blocked by an @entity5 ( @entity5 ), suggesting autocrine and paracrine effects. Importantly, macrophage-induced @entity8 expression was blocked in @entity1 cells preincubated with @entity5 or anti- @entity6 IgG. Together, these results indicate that macrophage-mediated induction of @entity8 in @entity0 cells is a consequence of @entity6 -mediated stimulation of ROS > @entity9 > MAPK > @entity10 signaling. @entity6 -dependent induction of @entity8 in @entity0 cells provides a mechanism whereby macrophages contribute to @entity2 progression and potential therapeutic targets in @entity0 .

title: Macrophages induce XXXX expression in @entity0 cells: role of @entity6 autoamplification.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Total renal volume ( @entity2 ) is an important index to evaluate the progression of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). @entity2 has been assessed by manually tracing renal contours from CT or MR scans, often employing contrast medium (CM). We developed a fast and nearly automated technique based on the analysis of MR images acquired without CM injection for @entity2 quantification. METHODS: 30 @entity1 @entity0 underwent MRI. After the selection of one point inside each kidney for the entire volume, the automatic extraction of kidney contours was performed on each acquired slice; the segmentation procedure was based on region growing and on the application of morphological operators and curvature-based motion. The area inside each contour was calculated and @entity2 was derived. Volume measurements were validated by comparison with measurements obtained by stereology. RESULTS: @entity2 estimated in @entity0 was 768    545 ml (range 161-3,111 ml). The automatic measurements were in excellent correlation with the manual ones (r = 0.99, y = x - 0.7), with a small bias and narrow limits of agreement in both absolute (-5    37 ml) and percentage (-0.6    9.6%) terms. CONCLUSION: This preliminary study showed the feasibility of a fast and nearly automated method for determining @entity2 ; importantly it does not require the use of potentially nephrotoxic CM.

title: Assessment of kidney volume in XXXX using magnetic resonance imaging without contrast medium.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: To detect drug concentration levels and metabolite using high-performance liquid chromatography. OBJECTIVE: To map concentration levels of three antituberculous drugs and two metabolites in the abnormal osseous tissues around the foci of @entity0 with @entity3 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Concentration levels of antituberculous drugs in the focus of @entity3 has been reported. However, the mapping of drugs distribution in different regions surrounding the foci of @entity1 vertebrae remains unexplored, as well as the metabolite of the drugs. METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity0 with @entity3 were assigned into @entity5 group (n = 13) and nonsclerotic group (n = 25) based on computed tomographic (CT) images. All @entity0 received a chemotherapy 10 months with 2HRZE/8H(2)R(2)E(2). All @entity0 received surgery after 4 weeks of chemotherapy. Samples of serum, ilium, and pathologic vertebral tissues, including the foci, @entity5 wall (if applicable), region I of abnormal osseous tissues (within 4 mm), and region II of abnormal osseous tissues (more than 4 mm) from the foci were collected during operation. Concentration levels and metabolite of three drugs were measured using high-performance liquid method for all samples. Differences of means within groups were evaluated by ANOVA and Dunnett post hoc. A significant levels was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Concentration levels of drugs varied greatly in different regions of @entity3 vertebrae. Concentration levels of @entity4 and @entity2 were higher than the effective bactericidal concentration (EBC) level and that of @entity6 was five times of the minimal inhibitory concentration in the region II of abnormal osseous tissues and the ilium of nonsclerotic group. Three drugs achieved EBC in the region I of abnormal osseous tissues in the nonsclerotic group but not in the @entity5 group. Except @entity6 no drugs and their metabolite were identified in the foci of the @entity5 group, whereas there is trace of drugs and their metabolite in the foci of the nonsclerotic group. CONCLUSION: Three drugs resulted in an effective bactericidal concentration level in osseous tissues around the foci of @entity3 except the osseous tissues 4 mm surrounding the @entity5 wall. The results suggested that osseous tissues within 4 mm surrounding the @entity5 wall should be excised during the surgery.

title: Distribution of three antituberculous drugs and their metabolites in different parts of pathological vertebrae with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: We examined growth changes in concentrations of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 , and somatometric parameters in two captive male @entity3 from birth to about 4 years of age, to examine the evolution of growth patterns in primates. Plasma @entity4 concentrations in @entity3 generally increased with age with values ranging from 200 to 1100 ng/ml. The growth profiles in plasma @entity4 in the gibbons were similar to those reported for @entity2 . The highest concentrations of plasma @entity1 (230 and 296 ng/dl) were observed within the first 0.3 years from birth, then the concentrations rapidly decreased and fluctuated below 100 ng/dl. Continuously higher @entity4 concentrations were observed after 2.6 and 3.5 years of age. The profiles of plasma @entity1 in these gibbons also resembled those of other primates including @entity0 . However, their plasma @entity1 levels in both neonate and adult stages (60 ng/dl) were lower than those reported for macaques and @entity2 of respective stages. The obtained growth profiles of plasma @entity4 and @entity1 suggest that the adolescent phase starts around 2.6 or 3.5 years of age in male @entity3 . The growth trend in many morphological parameters including body weight showed a linear increase without a significant growth spurt at approximately the onset of puberty. Head length and first digit length had reached a plateau during the study period. Brachial index, which indicates the relative length of forearm to upper arm, significantly increased gradually through the growth period. This result indicates that forearm becomes relatively longer than the upper arm with growth, which may be an evolutionary adaptation for brachiation.

title: Plasma insulin-like growth factor-I, XXXX and morphological changes in the growth of captive @entity3 ( @entity3 ) from birth to adolescence.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We examined growth changes in concentrations of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 , and somatometric parameters in two captive male @entity3 from birth to about 4 years of age, to examine the evolution of growth patterns in primates. Plasma @entity4 concentrations in @entity3 generally increased with age with values ranging from 200 to 1100 ng/ml. The growth profiles in plasma @entity4 in the gibbons were similar to those reported for @entity2 . The highest concentrations of plasma @entity1 (230 and 296 ng/dl) were observed within the first 0.3 years from birth, then the concentrations rapidly decreased and fluctuated below 100 ng/dl. Continuously higher @entity4 concentrations were observed after 2.6 and 3.5 years of age. The profiles of plasma @entity1 in these gibbons also resembled those of other primates including @entity0 . However, their plasma @entity1 levels in both neonate and adult stages (60 ng/dl) were lower than those reported for macaques and @entity2 of respective stages. The obtained growth profiles of plasma @entity4 and @entity1 suggest that the adolescent phase starts around 2.6 or 3.5 years of age in male @entity3 . The growth trend in many morphological parameters including body weight showed a linear increase without a significant growth spurt at approximately the onset of puberty. Head length and first digit length had reached a plateau during the study period. Brachial index, which indicates the relative length of forearm to upper arm, significantly increased gradually through the growth period. This result indicates that forearm becomes relatively longer than the upper arm with growth, which may be an evolutionary adaptation for brachiation.

title: Plasma insulin-like growth factor-I, @entity1 and morphological changes in the growth of captive XXXX ( @entity3 ) from birth to adolescence.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We examined growth changes in concentrations of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 , and somatometric parameters in two captive male @entity3 from birth to about 4 years of age, to examine the evolution of growth patterns in primates. Plasma @entity4 concentrations in @entity3 generally increased with age with values ranging from 200 to 1100 ng/ml. The growth profiles in plasma @entity4 in the gibbons were similar to those reported for @entity2 . The highest concentrations of plasma @entity1 (230 and 296 ng/dl) were observed within the first 0.3 years from birth, then the concentrations rapidly decreased and fluctuated below 100 ng/dl. Continuously higher @entity4 concentrations were observed after 2.6 and 3.5 years of age. The profiles of plasma @entity1 in these gibbons also resembled those of other primates including @entity0 . However, their plasma @entity1 levels in both neonate and adult stages (60 ng/dl) were lower than those reported for macaques and @entity2 of respective stages. The obtained growth profiles of plasma @entity4 and @entity1 suggest that the adolescent phase starts around 2.6 or 3.5 years of age in male @entity3 . The growth trend in many morphological parameters including body weight showed a linear increase without a significant growth spurt at approximately the onset of puberty. Head length and first digit length had reached a plateau during the study period. Brachial index, which indicates the relative length of forearm to upper arm, significantly increased gradually through the growth period. This result indicates that forearm becomes relatively longer than the upper arm with growth, which may be an evolutionary adaptation for brachiation.

title: Plasma insulin-like growth factor-I, @entity1 and morphological changes in the growth of captive @entity3 ( XXXX ) from birth to adolescence.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the midterm anatomical and functional outcomes of intravitreal injection of low-dose @entity2 in silicone oil-filled eyes as an adjunctive treatment for proliferative @entity1 . METHODS: This is a retrospective interventional case series. @entity0 with proliferative @entity1 grade C or D received pars plana vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade and intravitreal injection of 2 mg of @entity2 in the first stage and silicone oil removal in the second stage. Primary outcome measures were retinal reattachment rate and best-corrected visual acuity. RESULTS: In all, 37 eyes from 37 @entity0 were included in this study. The mean follow-up duration was 22.9    9.6 months. Retina was reattached in 36 (97.3%) eyes at the last visit. The mean best-corrected visual acuity was 1.76    0.56 logMAR at baseline, which improved to 0.87    0.60 logMAR at the last visit (P < 0.001). Best-corrected visual acuity increased in 31 (83.8%) eyes, remained unchanged in 5 (13.5%) eyes, and decreased in 1 (2.7%) eye at last visit compared with baseline. CONCLUSION: Low-dose (2 mg) @entity2 intravitreal injection as an adjunct to vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade in treating proliferative @entity1 (grade C or D) appears to be effective and safe.

title: Midterm results of low-dose intravitreal triamcinolone as adjunctive treatment for proliferative XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of the B lymphocyte (anti- @entity8 ) antibody, rituximab, in the treatment of @entity2 -resistant moderately active @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: A double-blinded, randomised controlled trial with a 2:1 ratio of treatment:placebo (phase II) was carried out in the setting of a University teaching hospital. The subjects comprised 24 @entity0 with moderately active @entity1 who have either failed to respond to conventional corticosteroid therapy or who have relapsed during @entity3 withdrawal. Five of 8 placebo-treated @entity0 and 12 of 16 rituximab-treated @entity0 were receiving @entity5 , @entity9 or @entity7 . Two infusions of rituximab 1 g in 500 ml of 0.9% saline intravenously over 4 h (n=16) or saline placebo (n=8) were given at 0 and 2 weeks. @entity0 still receiving corticosteroids on entry (placebo group 7/8; rituximab group 14/16) continued a standard @entity2 tapering regimen. The primary end point was remission (Mayo score  <= 2) at 4 weeks. Secondary end points included response (Mayo score reduced >=  3) at 4 and 12 weeks. RESULTS: Mayo score at entry was higher in rituximab-treated @entity0 (mean 9.19; 95% CI 8.31 to 10.06) than for placebo @entity0 (7.63; 6.63 to 8.62, p=0.03). At week 4 only 1/8 placebo-treated @entity0 and 3/16 rituximab-treated @entity0 were in remission (p=1.0), but 8/16 rituximab-treated @entity0 had responded compared with 2/8 placebo-treated @entity0 , with a median reduction in Mayo score of 2.5 (rituximab) compared with 0 (placebo; p=0.07). This response was only maintained to week 12 in 4/16. Mucosal healing was seen at week 4 in 5/16 rituximab-treated @entity0 and 2/8 placebo-treated @entity0 (non-significant). Rituximab was well tolerated, with one @entity10 , three mild infusion reactions plus one case of (probably unrelated) non-fatal @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS Rituximab has no significant effect on inducing remission in moderately active @entity1 not responding to oral @entity4 . There was a possible short-term response that was not sustained. Rituximab is well tolerated in @entity1 . CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: NCT00261118.

title: Randomised placebo-controlled trial of rituximab (anti- @entity8 ) in active XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of the B lymphocyte (anti- @entity8 ) antibody, rituximab, in the treatment of @entity2 -resistant moderately active @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: A double-blinded, randomised controlled trial with a 2:1 ratio of treatment:placebo (phase II) was carried out in the setting of a University teaching hospital. The subjects comprised 24 @entity0 with moderately active @entity1 who have either failed to respond to conventional corticosteroid therapy or who have relapsed during @entity3 withdrawal. Five of 8 placebo-treated @entity0 and 12 of 16 rituximab-treated @entity0 were receiving @entity5 , @entity9 or @entity7 . Two infusions of rituximab 1 g in 500 ml of 0.9% saline intravenously over 4 h (n=16) or saline placebo (n=8) were given at 0 and 2 weeks. @entity0 still receiving corticosteroids on entry (placebo group 7/8; rituximab group 14/16) continued a standard @entity2 tapering regimen. The primary end point was remission (Mayo score  <= 2) at 4 weeks. Secondary end points included response (Mayo score reduced >=  3) at 4 and 12 weeks. RESULTS: Mayo score at entry was higher in rituximab-treated @entity0 (mean 9.19; 95% CI 8.31 to 10.06) than for placebo @entity0 (7.63; 6.63 to 8.62, p=0.03). At week 4 only 1/8 placebo-treated @entity0 and 3/16 rituximab-treated @entity0 were in remission (p=1.0), but 8/16 rituximab-treated @entity0 had responded compared with 2/8 placebo-treated @entity0 , with a median reduction in Mayo score of 2.5 (rituximab) compared with 0 (placebo; p=0.07). This response was only maintained to week 12 in 4/16. Mucosal healing was seen at week 4 in 5/16 rituximab-treated @entity0 and 2/8 placebo-treated @entity0 (non-significant). Rituximab was well tolerated, with one @entity10 , three mild infusion reactions plus one case of (probably unrelated) non-fatal @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS Rituximab has no significant effect on inducing remission in moderately active @entity1 not responding to oral @entity4 . There was a possible short-term response that was not sustained. Rituximab is well tolerated in @entity1 . CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: NCT00261118.

title: Randomised placebo-controlled trial of rituximab (anti- XXXX ) in active @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: AIM: To assess the quality of data included in the histology request form. METHOD: We prospectively reviewed the histology request forms of 375 consecutive @entity1 . In addition, the appropriateness of the surgical specimen was determined. RESULTS: There were 196 @entity0 and 179 @entity0 with a mean age of 58.4 years. The majority of specimens (84.5%) derived from primary care. 233 lesions (62%) were removed by excision, 57 (15%) by shave, three by curettage, with 82 lesions (22%) by punch/incisional biopsy. The clinical diagnosis was either not specified in 56 cases (15%), or simply labelled as 'lesion' in 84 (22%) @entity0 . In 140/375 cases (37%), no useful clinical information was available. The clinical diagnosis matched the histopathological diagnosis in 145 cases (39%). Sixty percent (78/131) of histologically confirmed malignant lesions had not been identified clinically as being malignant: only 2 of 12 (17%) @entity2 , 33/74 (45%) BCCs and 18/45 SCCs (57%) were diagnosed clinically. The specimen type was considered inadequate to make a histopathological diagnosis in 25 cases (6.7%). CONCLUSION: In over a third of histology requests, diagnostic clinical information was absent. In addition, punch biopsy was used in 40% of lesions where a @entity2 was being considered clinically.

title: Pathology referrals for XXXX --are we giving the pathologist sufficient clinical information?

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We report a 9-year experience with successful treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 at a missionary hospital with decreased facilities in Bangladesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1995 to 2002, 20 @entity0 10 to 29 years old (average age 18.4) with @entity6 underwent total vaginal replacement. Ten of the 20 females were married and the @entity1 was discovered after marriage. In the remaining 10 cases the diagnosis was suspected by the parents because of absent menstruation. In all @entity0 the neovagina was created using a 12 to 14 cm segment of distal sigmoid colon. RESULTS: Short-term morbidity was minimal. At the long-term followup, which was available for 16 @entity0 , the neovagina had a good-appearing introitus. No @entity4 , stones or @entity5 was reported. Six @entity0 already had an active sexual life, which was reported to be satisfactory. Five couples had already adopted 1 or more @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Good perioperative preparation and assistance, assurance of cyclical followup and a trained surgical team permitted successful treatment of a @entity3 at a missionary hospital with modest services. Sigmoid vaginoplasty in a developing country seems to be the best choice because of simple management and followup. Young @entity0 unable to procreate because of @entity2 seem to have an unexpected normal family and social acceptance in Bangladesh after complete vaginal replacement.

title: Treatment of XXXX at a missionary hospital in Bangladesh: results and followup of 20 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: We determined @entity0 tolerance and the sequence of histopathological changes of thermal injury and healing of the prostate after treatment with a novel, rapid, high temperature, liquid filled, flexible balloon thermotherapy system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 17 @entity0 scheduled for prostatic surgery received preoperative high temperature water balloon thermotherapy. In 13 @entity0 intraprostatic, urethral and rectal temperatures were continuously monitored and determined using stereotactic thermal mapping with the @entity0 under spinal anesthesia. The remaining 4 @entity0 had @entity8 gel as the only method of pain control. @entity0 discomfort was recorded at all times during the procedure. After treatment a prostatic stent was left in place until surgery or spontaneous voiding. Serial sections of the resected prostates were evaluated pathologically with mapping. RESULTS: Treatment was well tolerated by all @entity0 . Prostates were enucleated (in 12 @entity0 ) or entirely removed (in 5) at a mean of 35 days (range 15 to 173) after thermotherapy. The predominant pathological findings in the early phase were uniform periurethral @entity4 , extensive urothelial denudation and varying degrees of @entity1 . The mean radial depth of @entity2 (from the urethra to the viable tissue border) was 0.9 cm (range 0.6 to 1.5) involving a mean of 16% of the @entity5 (range 7.8% to 32%). In the late (resolution) phase necrotic tissue had been replaced by @entity7 ( @entity3 and @entity9 ) with a mean radial depth of 0.13 cm (range 0.01 to 0.24), and the urothelium had largely regrown along the urethra. CONCLUSIONS: The fast liquid ablation system for @entity6 is a new minimally invasive treatment that induces considerable thermal injury to the prostate with uniform @entity2 and subsequent sloughing of dead tissue, allowing enlargement of the urethral lumen.

title: Fast liquid ablation system for XXXX : a new minimally invasive thermal treatment.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether @entity1 modifies the effects of endogenous @entity3 sex hormones on @entity7 in @entity0 at midlife. METHODS: Associations between @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity6 , and free @entity5 index and the presence and extent of coronary and aortic @entity8 were evaluated in 187 @entity1 (body mass index, >= 30 kg/m) and 281 nonobese (body mass index, <30 kg/m) @entity0 from the Study of @entity0 's Health Across the Nation. Logistic and linear regressions were used as appropriate. RESULTS: Prevalence rates of coronary and aortic @entity8 were significantly higher among @entity1 compared with nonobese @entity0 (P < 0.001, for both). In multivariable analyses, @entity3 sex hormones were not associated with the presence of coronary @entity8 . However, for the extent of coronary @entity8 , significant interactions were found between @entity1 and both @entity6 (P < 0.0001) and free @entity5 index (P = 0.008). In nonobese @entity0 , higher @entity6 (P = 0.0006) and lower free @entity5 index (P = 0.01) were associated with a greater extent of coronary @entity8 , whereas lower @entity6 was associated with greater extent of coronary @entity8 in @entity1 @entity0 (P = 0.05). For aortic @entity8 outcomes, higher @entity6 was associated with the presence of aortic @entity8 among nonobese @entity0 (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.16-2.32, for each 1-SD greater @entity6 ). CONCLUSIONS: Associations between endogenous @entity3 sex hormones and @entity7 vary by @entity1 status among perimenopausal @entity0 . Further research is needed to better understand the possible mechanisms of these associations.

title: Effect modification of @entity1 on associations between endogenous XXXX sex hormones and @entity7 in @entity0 at midlife.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether @entity1 modifies the effects of endogenous @entity3 sex hormones on @entity7 in @entity0 at midlife. METHODS: Associations between @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity6 , and free @entity5 index and the presence and extent of coronary and aortic @entity8 were evaluated in 187 @entity1 (body mass index, >= 30 kg/m) and 281 nonobese (body mass index, <30 kg/m) @entity0 from the Study of @entity0 's Health Across the Nation. Logistic and linear regressions were used as appropriate. RESULTS: Prevalence rates of coronary and aortic @entity8 were significantly higher among @entity1 compared with nonobese @entity0 (P < 0.001, for both). In multivariable analyses, @entity3 sex hormones were not associated with the presence of coronary @entity8 . However, for the extent of coronary @entity8 , significant interactions were found between @entity1 and both @entity6 (P < 0.0001) and free @entity5 index (P = 0.008). In nonobese @entity0 , higher @entity6 (P = 0.0006) and lower free @entity5 index (P = 0.01) were associated with a greater extent of coronary @entity8 , whereas lower @entity6 was associated with greater extent of coronary @entity8 in @entity1 @entity0 (P = 0.05). For aortic @entity8 outcomes, higher @entity6 was associated with the presence of aortic @entity8 among nonobese @entity0 (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.16-2.32, for each 1-SD greater @entity6 ). CONCLUSIONS: Associations between endogenous @entity3 sex hormones and @entity7 vary by @entity1 status among perimenopausal @entity0 . Further research is needed to better understand the possible mechanisms of these associations.

title: Effect modification of XXXX on associations between endogenous @entity3 sex hormones and @entity7 in @entity0 at midlife.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether @entity1 modifies the effects of endogenous @entity3 sex hormones on @entity7 in @entity0 at midlife. METHODS: Associations between @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity6 , and free @entity5 index and the presence and extent of coronary and aortic @entity8 were evaluated in 187 @entity1 (body mass index, >= 30 kg/m) and 281 nonobese (body mass index, <30 kg/m) @entity0 from the Study of @entity0 's Health Across the Nation. Logistic and linear regressions were used as appropriate. RESULTS: Prevalence rates of coronary and aortic @entity8 were significantly higher among @entity1 compared with nonobese @entity0 (P < 0.001, for both). In multivariable analyses, @entity3 sex hormones were not associated with the presence of coronary @entity8 . However, for the extent of coronary @entity8 , significant interactions were found between @entity1 and both @entity6 (P < 0.0001) and free @entity5 index (P = 0.008). In nonobese @entity0 , higher @entity6 (P = 0.0006) and lower free @entity5 index (P = 0.01) were associated with a greater extent of coronary @entity8 , whereas lower @entity6 was associated with greater extent of coronary @entity8 in @entity1 @entity0 (P = 0.05). For aortic @entity8 outcomes, higher @entity6 was associated with the presence of aortic @entity8 among nonobese @entity0 (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.16-2.32, for each 1-SD greater @entity6 ). CONCLUSIONS: Associations between endogenous @entity3 sex hormones and @entity7 vary by @entity1 status among perimenopausal @entity0 . Further research is needed to better understand the possible mechanisms of these associations.

title: Effect modification of @entity1 on associations between endogenous @entity3 sex hormones and XXXX in @entity0 at midlife.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine whether @entity1 modifies the effects of endogenous @entity3 sex hormones on @entity7 in @entity0 at midlife. METHODS: Associations between @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity6 , and free @entity5 index and the presence and extent of coronary and aortic @entity8 were evaluated in 187 @entity1 (body mass index, >= 30 kg/m) and 281 nonobese (body mass index, <30 kg/m) @entity0 from the Study of @entity0 's Health Across the Nation. Logistic and linear regressions were used as appropriate. RESULTS: Prevalence rates of coronary and aortic @entity8 were significantly higher among @entity1 compared with nonobese @entity0 (P < 0.001, for both). In multivariable analyses, @entity3 sex hormones were not associated with the presence of coronary @entity8 . However, for the extent of coronary @entity8 , significant interactions were found between @entity1 and both @entity6 (P < 0.0001) and free @entity5 index (P = 0.008). In nonobese @entity0 , higher @entity6 (P = 0.0006) and lower free @entity5 index (P = 0.01) were associated with a greater extent of coronary @entity8 , whereas lower @entity6 was associated with greater extent of coronary @entity8 in @entity1 @entity0 (P = 0.05). For aortic @entity8 outcomes, higher @entity6 was associated with the presence of aortic @entity8 among nonobese @entity0 (odds ratio, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.16-2.32, for each 1-SD greater @entity6 ). CONCLUSIONS: Associations between endogenous @entity3 sex hormones and @entity7 vary by @entity1 status among perimenopausal @entity0 . Further research is needed to better understand the possible mechanisms of these associations.

title: Effect modification of @entity1 on associations between endogenous @entity3 sex hormones and @entity7 in XXXX at midlife.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: Postcuring elution of unreacted monomers has harmful effects on mechanical characteristics and biocompatibility of resin composite restorations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of eluted @entity0 and TEGDMA monomers from a hybrid dental composite cured with LED or @entity2 curing unit after immersing in saliva or water. METHODS: Thirty-six composite disc specimens (Hybrid Filtek Z250,3M-ESPE, USA) were made and divided in four groups. After polymerization with LED or @entity2 curing units, samples were immersed in water or saliva for 24 hours. The amounts of each monomer ( @entity0 and TEGDMA) released in different mediums were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and one-way ANOVA tests. RESULTS: The samples were immersed in water, in both curing methods, released significantly more @entity0 than @entity1 (P<0.05). The total monomers eluted was higher in samples cured with @entity2 curing unit than LED (P=0.001); in addition, saliva caused elution of more monomer than water (P=0.007). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, chemical property of monomers, power of curing light unit and the type of immersion media play key roles in the quantity of eluted monomers from composite resins. Saliva and @entity2 curing unit can cause greater monomer leaching from hybrid resins composite.

title: Evaluation of XXXX /TEGDMA monomers leaching from a hybrid dental composite resin.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In a previous study, we obtained histologic documentation of @entity1 in the @entity0 model of rapid decompression. The aim of the study was to assess in the same model occurrence and time course of liver @entity3 using 2-D ultrasound imaging, and to explore by this means putative @entity1 in recreational scuba divers. Following 42 min compression at 7 ATA breathing air and 12 min decompression, eight surviving female @entity0 were anesthetized and the liver imaged by ultrasound at 20 min intervals up to 120 min. A significant enhancement of echo signal was recorded from 60 to 120 min as compared to earlier post-decompression times. Enzymatic markers of @entity1 (AST, ALT, and GGT) increased significantly at 24 h upon decompression. Twelve healthy experienced divers were studied basally and at 15-min intervals up to 60 min following a 30-min scuba dive at 30 msw depth. At 30 min upon surfacing echo images showed significant signal enhancement that progressed and reached plateau at 45 and 60 min. Total @entity2 at 24 h increased significantly (p = 0.02) with respect to basal values although within the reference range. In conclusion, 2-D ultrasound liver imaging allowed detection of gas @entity3 in the @entity0 and defined the time course of gas accumulation. Its application to scuba divers revealed @entity1 in all subjects in the absence of clear-cut evidence of @entity1 or of any symptom. The clinical significance of our findings remains to be investigated.

title: Post-dive ultrasound detection of gas in the liver of XXXX and scuba divers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 (HU), an orally administered chemotherapy, has become the de facto standard therapeutic agent in @entity0 with surgically and radiation refractory @entity4 based on a limited literature. A retrospective case series of 60 @entity0 with recurrent WHO grade 1 @entity4 treated with HU following progression after surgery and radiotherapy was conducted with primary study objective progression free survival (PFS) at 6- and 12-months. Sixty @entity0 (45 @entity0 ; 15 @entity0 : median age 61.5  years, range 26-88) with recurrent @entity4 were treated with HU (1000  mg/m(2)/day orally divided twice per day; one cycle operationally defined as 4-weeks of daily HU). All @entity0 had progressed radiographically after prior therapy with surgery (60/60) and radiotherapy (external beam radiotherapy 60/60; stereotactic radiotherapy 53/60). No @entity0 received prior chemotherapy or targeted therapy before instituting HU. @entity0 received 1-12 cycles (median 2.0) of HU with modest @entity1 (10% grade 3  +  @entity2 or @entity3 ). There were no radiographic responses, 35% of @entity0 had stable disease and 65% manifested progressive disease. Duration of stable disease ranged from 3 to 12  months (median 4.0  months). The overall PFS was 10% (median PFS 2.0  months). The majority of @entity0 (80%) following progression on HU were subsequently treated on an investigational trial. In this retrospective case series, HU though generally well tolerated and convenient, appeared to have very limited activity which raises questions of what constitutes effective salvage therapy and indicates an unmet need for alternative treatments for recurrent @entity4 .

title: @entity5 for recurrent surgery and radiation refractory XXXX : a retrospective case series.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity5 (HU), an orally administered chemotherapy, has become the de facto standard therapeutic agent in @entity0 with surgically and radiation refractory @entity4 based on a limited literature. A retrospective case series of 60 @entity0 with recurrent WHO grade 1 @entity4 treated with HU following progression after surgery and radiotherapy was conducted with primary study objective progression free survival (PFS) at 6- and 12-months. Sixty @entity0 (45 @entity0 ; 15 @entity0 : median age 61.5  years, range 26-88) with recurrent @entity4 were treated with HU (1000  mg/m(2)/day orally divided twice per day; one cycle operationally defined as 4-weeks of daily HU). All @entity0 had progressed radiographically after prior therapy with surgery (60/60) and radiotherapy (external beam radiotherapy 60/60; stereotactic radiotherapy 53/60). No @entity0 received prior chemotherapy or targeted therapy before instituting HU. @entity0 received 1-12 cycles (median 2.0) of HU with modest @entity1 (10% grade 3  +  @entity2 or @entity3 ). There were no radiographic responses, 35% of @entity0 had stable disease and 65% manifested progressive disease. Duration of stable disease ranged from 3 to 12  months (median 4.0  months). The overall PFS was 10% (median PFS 2.0  months). The majority of @entity0 (80%) following progression on HU were subsequently treated on an investigational trial. In this retrospective case series, HU though generally well tolerated and convenient, appeared to have very limited activity which raises questions of what constitutes effective salvage therapy and indicates an unmet need for alternative treatments for recurrent @entity4 .

title: XXXX for recurrent surgery and radiation refractory @entity4 : a retrospective case series.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Metabotropic @entity3 receptors (mGluR) have a diverse range of structures and molecular coupling mechanisms. There are eight mGluR subtypes divided into three major groups. Group I ( @entity8 ) is excitatory; groups II ( @entity5 ) and III ( @entity7 , 6, and 7) are inhibitory. All mGluR are found in the @entity0 nervous system but some are absent from sensory neurons. The focus here is on mGluR in sensory pathways from the viscera, where they have been explored as therapeutic targets. Group I mGluR are activated by endogenous @entity3 or constitutively active without agonist. Constitutive activity can be exploited by inverse agonists to reduce neuronal excitability without synaptic input. This is promising for reducing activation of nociceptive afferents and @entity1 using @entity6 negative allosteric modulators. Many inhibitory mGluR are also expressed in visceral afferents, many of which markedly reduce excitability. Their role in @entity4 remains to be determined, but they have shown promise in inhibition of the triggering of @entity2 , via an action on mechanosensory gastric afferents. The extent of reflux inhibition is limited, however, and may not reach a clinically useful level. On the other hand, negative modulation of @entity6 has very potent actions on reflux inhibition, which has produced the most likely candidates so far as therapeutic drugs. These act probably outside the central nervous system, and may therefore provide a generous therapeutic window. There are many unanswered questions about mGluR along visceral afferent pathways, the answers to which may reveal many more therapeutic candidates.

title: Metabotropic XXXX receptors as novel therapeutic targets on visceral sensory pathways.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Biomarkers to monitor @entity1 in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are lacking. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a technique which allows us to probe the microstructure of the white-matter of the brain, in-vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of DTI to visualise and quantify white matter integrity in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity2 Gaucher. DESIGN: DTI was performed and fractional anisotropy (FA), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), axial (  (axial)) diffusivity and radial (  (radial)) diffusivity maps calculated. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to perform a voxel-wise statistical analysis of the main white matter structures compared to age-sex matched control groups. SETTING: The study was performed at Great Ormond Street @entity0 's Hospital NHS Trust @entity0 : Four @entity3 and three @entity2 Gaucher paediatric @entity0 were recruited RESULTS: The findings suggest the presence of microstructural white matter changes in @entity3 @entity0 primarily in the middle cerebellar peduncles compared to an age-sex matched control group. This finding is relevant to the clinical manifestation of @entity5 seen in @entity3 . Diffuse non-specific changes were seen in the @entity2 @entity0 , but without a focal point. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to use DTI to examine the Gaucher brain. While the numbers studied are small, the results suggest that DTI may be an attractive surrogate marker of @entity3 , worthy of further exploration for use in clinical studies.

title: Brain white matter abnormalities in paediatric Gaucher XXXX and Type III using diffusion tensor imaging.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Social insects provide good model systems for testing trade-offs in decision-making because of their marked reproductive skew and the dilemma workers face when to reproduce. Attaining reproductive skew requires energy investment in @entity0 or fertility signaling, creating a trade-off between reproduction and dominance. This may be density-dependent because the cost of achieving dominance may be higher in larger groups. We investigated the effect of group-size in @entity2 queenless workers on two major reproduction-dominance correlates: between-worker @entity0 , and @entity1 production, aiming at mimicking decision-making during the transition of worker behavior from cooperation and sterility to aggressive reproductive competition in whole colonies. Despite the competition, reproductive division of labor in colonies can be maintained even during this phase through the production of a sterility signal by sterile workers that has an appeasement effect on dominant nestmates. @entity0 , ovary activation, and production of sterility-appeasement signals may therefore constitute components of a trade-off affecting worker reproduction decisions. By constructing queenless groups of different size and measuring how this affected the parameters above, we found that in all groups @entity0 was not evenly distributed with the a-worker performing most of the aggressive acts. Moreover, @entity0 by the a-worker increased proportionally with group-size. However, while in small groups the a-worker monopolized reproduction, in larger groups several workers shared reproduction, creating two worker groups: reproductives and helpers. It appears that despite the increase of @entity0 , this was evidently not sufficient for the a-worker to monopolize reproduction. If we compare the a-worker to the queen in full-sized colonies it can be hypothesized that worker reproduction in @entity2 colonies starts due to a gradual increase in the worker population and the queen's inability to physically inhibit worker oviposition. This may shift the trade-off between cost and benefit of worker reproduction and trigger the competition phase.

title: The effect of group size on the interplay between dominance and reproduction in XXXX .

answer: @entity2