abstract: @entity3 or @entity4 with intact @entity1 represents a @entity2 for which the long-term prognosis appears to depend partly on the size of the right ventricle. Thus, the capability of noninvasive assessment of right ventricular size to predict operative outcome was examined in 15 @entity0 (aged 1 to 30 days, mean 5.6) with severe right @entity5 (either @entity3 [7 @entity0 ] or @entity4 with intact @entity1 [8 @entity0 ]). Using echocardiography in two orthogonal subxiphoid views, right ventricular volume, wall thickness, area change fraction, ejection fraction and tricuspid anulus dimension were measured. All @entity0 with a normalized right ventricular enddiastolic volume of less than 5 ml/m2 and a normalized tricuspid anulus dimension of less than 1.0 cm/m2/3 required a shunt operation. Only one @entity0 with a volume of more than 6 ml/m2 and a normalized tricuspid anulus dimension of more than 1.4 cm/m2/3 required more than relief of right @entity5 . In this @entity0 , residual severe @entity3 necessitated the shunt procedure. One @entity0 with a volume of more than 6 ml/m2 had an anulus diameter of less than 1.4 cm/m2/3 and one @entity0 with an anulus diameter of more than 1.4 cm/m2/3 had a volume of less than 6 ml/m2; both required shunt procedures. It therefore appears that if either the ventricular volume or tricuspid anulus size is excessively small, a shunt procedure is necessary. Wall thickness, area change fraction and ejection fraction measurements were not significantly correlated with right ventricular volume or postoperative outcome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Two-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular size and function in newborns with severe right XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The prevalence and significance of clinical @entity3 and @entity1 were compared in three groups of elderly @entity0 . One group was diagnosed as @entity4 of an @entity2 ( @entity2 ), another as @entity12 ( @entity12 ), and the third as @entity5 . Clinical @entity3 and @entity1 were uncommon in the @entity2 group with the prevalence being lower than that reported in most epidemiologic studies. Four percent of the @entity2 @entity0 had a history of @entity6 , 5% @entity9 , 1% @entity8 , and 3% @entity7 . Electrocardiographic changes of an old @entity6 were present in 9%, @entity10 in 1%, and @entity11 in 3%. A history of @entity1 was present in 24% of the @entity2 @entity0 . In comparison, a history of @entity6 , @entity9 , and @entity7 was five times greater, and electrocardiographic abnormalities were twice as prevalent in the @entity12 group. A history of @entity1 was three times more common and actual blood pressure readings were higher. In the @entity5 group @entity3 was not uncommon and the prevalence, in general, was comparable with the @entity12 group. However, a history of increased blood pressure and actual increased blood pressure readings were statistically less than in the @entity12 group.

title: Prevalence and significance of cardiovascular disease and @entity1 in elderly @entity0 with @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The prevalence and significance of clinical @entity3 and @entity1 were compared in three groups of elderly @entity0 . One group was diagnosed as @entity4 of an @entity2 ( @entity2 ), another as @entity12 ( @entity12 ), and the third as @entity5 . Clinical @entity3 and @entity1 were uncommon in the @entity2 group with the prevalence being lower than that reported in most epidemiologic studies. Four percent of the @entity2 @entity0 had a history of @entity6 , 5% @entity9 , 1% @entity8 , and 3% @entity7 . Electrocardiographic changes of an old @entity6 were present in 9%, @entity10 in 1%, and @entity11 in 3%. A history of @entity1 was present in 24% of the @entity2 @entity0 . In comparison, a history of @entity6 , @entity9 , and @entity7 was five times greater, and electrocardiographic abnormalities were twice as prevalent in the @entity12 group. A history of @entity1 was three times more common and actual blood pressure readings were higher. In the @entity5 group @entity3 was not uncommon and the prevalence, in general, was comparable with the @entity12 group. However, a history of increased blood pressure and actual increased blood pressure readings were statistically less than in the @entity12 group.

title: Prevalence and significance of cardiovascular disease and XXXX in elderly @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The prevalence and significance of clinical @entity3 and @entity1 were compared in three groups of elderly @entity0 . One group was diagnosed as @entity4 of an @entity2 ( @entity2 ), another as @entity12 ( @entity12 ), and the third as @entity5 . Clinical @entity3 and @entity1 were uncommon in the @entity2 group with the prevalence being lower than that reported in most epidemiologic studies. Four percent of the @entity2 @entity0 had a history of @entity6 , 5% @entity9 , 1% @entity8 , and 3% @entity7 . Electrocardiographic changes of an old @entity6 were present in 9%, @entity10 in 1%, and @entity11 in 3%. A history of @entity1 was present in 24% of the @entity2 @entity0 . In comparison, a history of @entity6 , @entity9 , and @entity7 was five times greater, and electrocardiographic abnormalities were twice as prevalent in the @entity12 group. A history of @entity1 was three times more common and actual blood pressure readings were higher. In the @entity5 group @entity3 was not uncommon and the prevalence, in general, was comparable with the @entity12 group. However, a history of increased blood pressure and actual increased blood pressure readings were statistically less than in the @entity12 group.

title: Prevalence and significance of cardiovascular disease and @entity1 in elderly @entity0 with XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The prevalence and significance of clinical @entity3 and @entity1 were compared in three groups of elderly @entity0 . One group was diagnosed as @entity4 of an @entity2 ( @entity2 ), another as @entity12 ( @entity12 ), and the third as @entity5 . Clinical @entity3 and @entity1 were uncommon in the @entity2 group with the prevalence being lower than that reported in most epidemiologic studies. Four percent of the @entity2 @entity0 had a history of @entity6 , 5% @entity9 , 1% @entity8 , and 3% @entity7 . Electrocardiographic changes of an old @entity6 were present in 9%, @entity10 in 1%, and @entity11 in 3%. A history of @entity1 was present in 24% of the @entity2 @entity0 . In comparison, a history of @entity6 , @entity9 , and @entity7 was five times greater, and electrocardiographic abnormalities were twice as prevalent in the @entity12 group. A history of @entity1 was three times more common and actual blood pressure readings were higher. In the @entity5 group @entity3 was not uncommon and the prevalence, in general, was comparable with the @entity12 group. However, a history of increased blood pressure and actual increased blood pressure readings were statistically less than in the @entity12 group.

title: Prevalence and significance of cardiovascular disease and @entity1 in elderly XXXX with @entity4 and @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose - The number of juvenile offenders admitted to Malaysian prisons is alarming. The purpose of this paper is to determine the presence of any @entity0 and their association with personal characteristics of juvenile detainees in prisons across Peninsular Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach - Detainees were recruited from five different prisons in Peninsular Malaysia and interviewed by a psychiatrist using the MINI-Kid and FACES-IV, relevant personal and family information was also collected. Findings - A total of 105 detainees participated in the study. Almost all of the offenders (93.3 per cent) had at least one diagnosable @entity0 and more than half (76.2 per cent) had two or more @entity0 diagnoses. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was the commonest disorder (59.0 per cent), while @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was the commonest co-morbidity. A significant correlation was found between presence of @entity2 , education level and @entity1 . Almost all (61/62, 98.4 per cent) of the detainees with @entity2 , had not completed schooling (OR 8.03, 95 per cent CI 1.01-71.35), and detainees with this disorder were more likely to use substances than detainees without @entity2 (OR 4.35, 95 per cent CI 1.90-9.99). Detainees with any @entity0 diagnosis were more likely to have four or more siblings in their families (OR 5.5, 95 per cent CI 1.1-26.9). Originality/value - There is a high prevalence of @entity0 among juvenile offenders in Malaysian prisons, detection and intervention would be important.

title: Prevalence of XXXX among juvenile offenders in Malaysian prisons and association with socio-demographic and personal factors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Grounding a @entity0 to the earth has resulted in changes in the physiology of the body. A pilot study on grounding and eccentric contractions demonstrated shortened duration of @entity2 , reduced @entity3 kinase (CK), and differences in blood parameters. This follow-up study was conducted to investigate the effects of grounding after moderate eccentric contractions on @entity2 , CK, and complete blood counts. Thirty-two healthy young @entity0 were randomly divided into grounded (n=16) and sham-grounded (n=16) groups. On days 1 through 4, visual analog scale for @entity2 evaluations and blood draws were accomplished. On day 1, the @entity0 performed eccentric contractions of 200 half-knee bends. They were then grounded or sham-grounded to the earth for 4 hours on days 1 and 2. Both groups experienced @entity2 on all posttest days. On day 2, the sham-grounded group experienced significant CK increase (P<0.01) while the CK of the grounded group did not increase significantly; the between-group difference was significant (P=0.04). There was also an increase in the neutrophils of the grounded group on day 3 (P=0.05) compared to the sham-grounded group. There was a significant increase in platelets in the grounded group on days 2 through 4. Grounding produced changes in CK and complete blood counts that were not shared by the sham-grounded group. Grounding significantly reduced the loss of CK from the injured muscles indicating reduced @entity1 . These results warrant further study on the effects of earthing on delayed onset @entity1 .

title: Grounding after moderate eccentric contractions reduces XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The designation " @entity3 " is vague and causes considerable @entity1 . This term comprises a number of affections, characterized by the presence of @entity0 . @entity2 may be hereditary or sporadic. The defect may be isolated or occur as part of a syndrome. The identification of the exact nature of the lesion is therefore of paramount importance, not only for the prognosis of the propositus, but especially for the correct genetic counselling of the family. In this context, the perinatal autopsy represents an irreplaceable method of investigation. Since the pathogenesis of many, if not all, types of @entity3 remains unknown, a practical classification must be based on gross and microscopic pathologic study, clinical features, and family history. Osathanondh and Potter (1964) distinguished four varieties, based on morphological findings, revealed by microdissection. Unfortunately, not all types of @entity2 are included in this classification. Moreover, their @entity2 collects a number of clearly different entities. Nevertheless, once one is familiar with its deficiencies, the Osathanondh and Potter classification is still very useful.

title: [ XXXX : morphology and genetic counseling].

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of changes in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) severity prior to and following adjustment for changes in weight over the course of a 4-y weight loss intervention. DESIGN: Prospective analysis of baseline, 1- and 4-y follow-up data from a randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Four Look AHEAD clinical centers. @entity0 : Two hundred sixty-three overweight/obese adults with type 2 @entity1 and @entity2 . INTERVENTIONS: Intensive lifestyle intervention or education control condition. MEASUREMENTS: Change in the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) served as the primary outcome. The percentage change in @entity4 (submaximal @entity3 ( @entity3 )) and change in weight (kg) were the primary independent variables. Primary analyses collapsed intervention conditions with statistical adjustment for treatment group and baseline @entity3 , weight, and @entity2 among other relevant covariates. RESULTS: At baseline, greater @entity3 were associated with lower @entity2 (B(SE) = -1.48(0.71), P = 0.038), but this relationship no longer existed (B(SE) = -0.24(0.73), P = 0.75) after adjustment for weight (B(SE) = 0.31(0.07), P < 0.0001). Fitness significantly increased at year 1 (+16.53    28.71% relative to baseline), but returned to near-baseline levels by year 4 (+1.81    24.48%). In mixed-model analyses of @entity2 change over time without consideration of weight change, increased @entity4 at year 1 (B(SE) = -0.15(0.04), P < 0.0001), but not at year 4 (B(SE) = 0.04(0.05), P = 0.48), was associated with @entity2 . However, with weight change in the model, greater weight loss was associated with @entity2 at years 1 and 4 (B(SE) = 0.81(0.16) and 0.60(0.16), both P < 0.0001), rendering the association between @entity4 and @entity2 change at year 1 nonsignificant (B(SE) = -0.04(0.04), P = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS: Among overweight/obese adults with type 2 @entity1 , @entity4 change did not influence @entity2 severity change when weight change was taken into account. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identification number NCT00194259.

title: The Effect of Changes in XXXX and Weight on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Overweight Adults with Type 2 @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the effect of changes in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) severity prior to and following adjustment for changes in weight over the course of a 4-y weight loss intervention. DESIGN: Prospective analysis of baseline, 1- and 4-y follow-up data from a randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Four Look AHEAD clinical centers. @entity0 : Two hundred sixty-three overweight/obese adults with type 2 @entity1 and @entity2 . INTERVENTIONS: Intensive lifestyle intervention or education control condition. MEASUREMENTS: Change in the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) served as the primary outcome. The percentage change in @entity4 (submaximal @entity3 ( @entity3 )) and change in weight (kg) were the primary independent variables. Primary analyses collapsed intervention conditions with statistical adjustment for treatment group and baseline @entity3 , weight, and @entity2 among other relevant covariates. RESULTS: At baseline, greater @entity3 were associated with lower @entity2 (B(SE) = -1.48(0.71), P = 0.038), but this relationship no longer existed (B(SE) = -0.24(0.73), P = 0.75) after adjustment for weight (B(SE) = 0.31(0.07), P < 0.0001). Fitness significantly increased at year 1 (+16.53    28.71% relative to baseline), but returned to near-baseline levels by year 4 (+1.81    24.48%). In mixed-model analyses of @entity2 change over time without consideration of weight change, increased @entity4 at year 1 (B(SE) = -0.15(0.04), P < 0.0001), but not at year 4 (B(SE) = 0.04(0.05), P = 0.48), was associated with @entity2 . However, with weight change in the model, greater weight loss was associated with @entity2 at years 1 and 4 (B(SE) = 0.81(0.16) and 0.60(0.16), both P < 0.0001), rendering the association between @entity4 and @entity2 change at year 1 nonsignificant (B(SE) = -0.04(0.04), P = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS: Among overweight/obese adults with type 2 @entity1 , @entity4 change did not influence @entity2 severity change when weight change was taken into account. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identification number NCT00194259.

title: The Effect of Changes in @entity4 and Weight on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Overweight Adults with Type 2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Class I transplantation antigens form complexes with a virus protein encoded in the early region E3 of the adenovirus-2 genome. The interaction between this viral glycoprotein, E19, and nascent @entity0 class I antigens has been examined by microinjecting purified mRNA into @entity1 oocytes. Both E19 and the two class I antigen subunits, the heavy chain and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), were efficiently translated. The heavy chains did not become terminally glycosylated, as monitored by endoglycosidase H digestion, and were not expressed on the oocyte surface unless they were associated with @entity3 . The E19 protein did not become terminally glycosylated, and we failed to detect this viral protein on the surface of the oocytes. Co-translation of heavy chain and E19 mRNA demonstrated that the two proteins associate intracellularly. However, neither protein appeared to be transported to the trans-Golgi compartment. Similar observations were made in adenovirus-infected HeLa cells. Heavy chains bound to @entity3 became terminally glycosylated in oocytes in the presence of low concentrations of E19. At high concentrations of the viral protein, no @entity2 modifications and no cell surface expression of class I antigens were apparent. Thus, @entity3 and E19 have opposite effects on the intracellular transport of the heavy chains. These data suggest that adenovirus-2 may impede the cell surface expression of class I antigens to escape immune surveillance.

title: Abrogation of cell surface expression of @entity0 class I transplantation antigens by an adenovirus protein in XXXX oocytes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Class I transplantation antigens form complexes with a virus protein encoded in the early region E3 of the adenovirus-2 genome. The interaction between this viral glycoprotein, E19, and nascent @entity0 class I antigens has been examined by microinjecting purified mRNA into @entity1 oocytes. Both E19 and the two class I antigen subunits, the heavy chain and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), were efficiently translated. The heavy chains did not become terminally glycosylated, as monitored by endoglycosidase H digestion, and were not expressed on the oocyte surface unless they were associated with @entity3 . The E19 protein did not become terminally glycosylated, and we failed to detect this viral protein on the surface of the oocytes. Co-translation of heavy chain and E19 mRNA demonstrated that the two proteins associate intracellularly. However, neither protein appeared to be transported to the trans-Golgi compartment. Similar observations were made in adenovirus-infected HeLa cells. Heavy chains bound to @entity3 became terminally glycosylated in oocytes in the presence of low concentrations of E19. At high concentrations of the viral protein, no @entity2 modifications and no cell surface expression of class I antigens were apparent. Thus, @entity3 and E19 have opposite effects on the intracellular transport of the heavy chains. These data suggest that adenovirus-2 may impede the cell surface expression of class I antigens to escape immune surveillance.

title: Abrogation of cell surface expression of XXXX class I transplantation antigens by an adenovirus protein in @entity1 oocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Interference between similar or overlapping memories formed at different times poses an important challenge on the @entity3 . Difficulties in managing interference are at the core of disabling @entity1 in @entity2 . Computational models have suggested that, in the normal brain, the sparse activation of the dentate gyrus granule cells maintained by tonic inhibitory control enables pattern separation, an orthogonalization process that allows distinct representations of memories despite interference. To test this mechanistic hypothesis, we generated @entity0 with significantly reduced expression of the a5-containing @entity5 ( @entity5 ) receptors selectively in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus (a5DGKO @entity0 ). a5DGKO @entity0 had reduced tonic inhibition of the granule cells without any change in fast phasic inhibition and showed increased activation in the dentate gyrus when presented with novel stimuli. a5DGKO @entity0 showed @entity1 characterized by high interference, without any deficiencies in low-interference tasks, suggesting specific @entity1 . Reduction of fast phasic inhibition in the dentate gyrus through granule cell-selective knock-out of a2-GABAARs or the knock-out of the @entity5 in the downstream @entity4 area did not detract from pattern separation abilities, which confirms the anatomical and molecular specificity of the findings. In addition to lending empirical support to computational hypotheses, our findings have implications for the treatment of interference-related @entity1 in @entity2 , particularly considering the availability of pharmacological agents selectively targeting @entity5 . SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Interference between similar memories poses a significant limitation on the @entity3 , and impaired interference management is a cognitive symptom in many disorders. Thus, understanding mechanisms of successful interference management or processes that can lead to interference-related @entity3 has high theoretical and translational importance. This study provides empirical evidence that tonic inhibition in the dentate gyrus (DG), which maintains sparseness of neuronal activation in the DG, is essential for management of interference. The specificity of findings to tonic, but not faster, more transient types of neuronal inhibition and to the DG, but not the neighboring brain areas, is presented through control experiments. Thus, the findings link interference management to a specific mechanism, proposed previously by computational models.

title: Tonic Inhibitory Control of Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells by a5-Containing XXXX Receptors Reduces Memory Interference.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The total contact cast is considered to be an effective method of off-loading a @entity7 . However complications have been reported in 1 to 15% of cases, e.g. prolonged healing of the @entity4 . Debridement with modern dressings has been reported to be effective in promoting wound healing; however there have been few reported studies of the combination of modern dressings with the cast. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of treatments on healing rates in @entity1 of the foot. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This retrospective study with prospective data collection was conducted between September 2010 and August 2012. Twenty @entity1 @entity0 with @entity5 were treated using a combination of a contact cast plus hydrogel andfoam dressings. The size and location of the @entity4 , @entity4 , @entity6 were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 21 @entity4 , 20 (95.2%) healed completely in a mean time of 30.1 days (range 14 to 70 days). Healing times for forefoot and midfoot @entity4 were 22.6 and 26.8 days, respectively, which is significantly shorter than the 51.7 days for heel @entity4 . One @entity0 who had an unhealed @entity4 developed a severe @entity3 two months after treatment, which necessitated below the knee amputation. There were three cases of recurrence of the @entity4 after casting. CONCLUSION: Off-loading casting combined with modern dressings had a high rate of healing in short-term treatment of @entity7 . Recurrence of @entity4 and new site abrasions were common complications; those complications may have been caused by association with @entity2 or improper footwear.

title: Off-loading total contact cast in combination with hydrogel and foam dressing for management of XXXX of the foot.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is characterized by nephritic-range @entity6 and the triad of clinical findings associated with large urinary losses of protein, @entity8 , @entity1 and @entity3 . More than 80% of @entity0 below 13 years of age with primary @entity7 have @entity4 -responsive forms. There is no identifiable cause of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). It is likely that the symptoms of @entity2 represent a final common pathway of diverse causes, including genetic, organic and environmental etiologies. This case-control study was performed on 130 @entity0 aged between 5 and 13 years who were followed-up for two years. Sixty-five @entity0 with @entity4 -dependent @entity7 (SDNS) as the case group and 65 healthy @entity0 as the control group were included in the study. @entity0 with minimal change @entity7 were treated with @entity5 for at least six months. Conner's Parent Rating Scale - 48 (CPRS-48) was completed by the parents and the @entity0 were identified with any form of @entity2 . Then, @entity0 were referred to an expert psychiatrist. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software. The result showed that there was no significant relationship between different types of @entity2 in both groups. Thus, based on current study, one may conclude that there are no significant differences between prevalence of @entity2 in @entity0 with SDNS and the control group.

title: The correlation between XXXX and @entity4 -dependent @entity7 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is characterized by nephritic-range @entity6 and the triad of clinical findings associated with large urinary losses of protein, @entity8 , @entity1 and @entity3 . More than 80% of @entity0 below 13 years of age with primary @entity7 have @entity4 -responsive forms. There is no identifiable cause of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). It is likely that the symptoms of @entity2 represent a final common pathway of diverse causes, including genetic, organic and environmental etiologies. This case-control study was performed on 130 @entity0 aged between 5 and 13 years who were followed-up for two years. Sixty-five @entity0 with @entity4 -dependent @entity7 (SDNS) as the case group and 65 healthy @entity0 as the control group were included in the study. @entity0 with minimal change @entity7 were treated with @entity5 for at least six months. Conner's Parent Rating Scale - 48 (CPRS-48) was completed by the parents and the @entity0 were identified with any form of @entity2 . Then, @entity0 were referred to an expert psychiatrist. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software. The result showed that there was no significant relationship between different types of @entity2 in both groups. Thus, based on current study, one may conclude that there are no significant differences between prevalence of @entity2 in @entity0 with SDNS and the control group.

title: The correlation between @entity2 and XXXX -dependent @entity7 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is characterized by nephritic-range @entity6 and the triad of clinical findings associated with large urinary losses of protein, @entity8 , @entity1 and @entity3 . More than 80% of @entity0 below 13 years of age with primary @entity7 have @entity4 -responsive forms. There is no identifiable cause of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). It is likely that the symptoms of @entity2 represent a final common pathway of diverse causes, including genetic, organic and environmental etiologies. This case-control study was performed on 130 @entity0 aged between 5 and 13 years who were followed-up for two years. Sixty-five @entity0 with @entity4 -dependent @entity7 (SDNS) as the case group and 65 healthy @entity0 as the control group were included in the study. @entity0 with minimal change @entity7 were treated with @entity5 for at least six months. Conner's Parent Rating Scale - 48 (CPRS-48) was completed by the parents and the @entity0 were identified with any form of @entity2 . Then, @entity0 were referred to an expert psychiatrist. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software. The result showed that there was no significant relationship between different types of @entity2 in both groups. Thus, based on current study, one may conclude that there are no significant differences between prevalence of @entity2 in @entity0 with SDNS and the control group.

title: The correlation between @entity2 and @entity4 -dependent XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to contribute to the collected knowledge of prognostic factors in @entity0 ( @entity0 ) to the benefit of possible future prospective studies and therapeutic guidelines. METHOD: All @entity1 with pathologically verified @entity0 in the period of 1979-2014 were extracted from a hospital-based database at Aarhus University Hospital. All records were reviewed for @entity1 and @entity2 characteristics. Primary endpoints were overall survival, disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Adjustments were made for age, @entity2 location, surgical strategy, size, histological classification, prior radiation and grade. Prognostic factors were determined by the use of Cox proportional hazard ratio. RESULTS: In total 42 @entity1 were identified. Surgical resection was the main method of treatment. Nineteen (45%) @entity1 were initially selected for lumpectomy, of these 68% needed at least one re-excision to attain wide margins. In total 55% experienced recurrence, loco regional in 43%. Five-years overall survival was 49%, five-year DFS was 48% and five-year DSS was 40%. Significant prognostic factors were size and grade. A trend towards better survival in those with superficial @entity2 was observed as well as an increased incidence in @entity4 ( @entity3 ) of the breast, however, prognosis was no different from non-radiation-induced @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Prognostic factors in @entity0 @entity1 were size and grade with a trend towards better survival in those with superficial @entity2 . There was no difference in survival between radiation-induced and spontaneous @entity0 . High rate of local recurrence suggests the need for aggressive surgical approach or the routine addition of postoperative radiotherapy in those selected for breast conserving surgery (BCS).

title: Primary XXXX : A retrospective study over 35 years from a single institution.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Air stacking improves cough effectiveness in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 . However, it is not known whether air stacking is more effective via a resuscitator bag or a home ventilator. METHODS: This prospective randomized study investigated the effect of air stacking via a volume-cycled home ventilator versus via a resuscitator bag in @entity0 with @entity2 . Maximum insufflation capacity and peak expiratory flow during spontaneous (cough peak flow) and air stacking-assisted cough maneuvers (air stacking-assisted cough peak flow) were measured. RESULTS: Fifty-two adult @entity2 subjects receiving noninvasive ventilation were included in the study: 27 @entity0 performed air stacking via their home ventilator (home-ventilator group; age = 25.3    5.1 y; forced vital capacity (FVC) = 809    555 mL), and 25 @entity0 used a resuscitator bag (resuscitator-bag group; age = 24.7    5.7 y, FVC = 807    495 mL). Following a single training session, air stacking could be performed successfully by 89% (home ventilator) and 88% (resuscitator bag) of @entity0 . There were comparable maximum insufflation capacities (1,481 mL for the home-ventilator group vs 1,344 mL for the resuscitator-bag group, P = .33) and mean air stacking-assisted cough peak flow values (199 L/min for the home-ventilator group vs 186 L/min for the resuscitator-bag group, P = .33) between techniques. Air stacking-assisted cough peak flow increased significantly compared with baseline in both groups (mean increase: +51% [home ventilator] vs +49% [resuscitator bag], P < .001), with individual air stacking-assisted cough peak flow improvements ranging from -20 to 245%. CONCLUSIONS: Cough augmentation is an important component of the respiratory management of @entity0 with a @entity3 . No difference in cough effectiveness as measured by air stacking-assisted cough peak flow was found in air stacking via a ventilator compared with via a resuscitator bag. Both methods achieved mean air stacking-assisted cough peak flow values of >160 L/min. Provision of an inexpensive resuscitator bag can effectively improve cough capacity, and it is simple to use, which may improve access to respiratory care in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Cough Augmentation in Subjects With XXXX : Comparison of Air Stacking via a Resuscitator Bag Versus Mechanical Ventilation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) can have inhibitory effects on @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of @entity0 with focal @entity2 . However, the brain connectivity before, during and after @entity1 , with or without the administration of @entity3 , has not been extensively explored. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the brain network of effective connectivity during ED with and without @entity3 in @entity0 with focal @entity2 . METHODS: For the effective connectivity a direct causality measure is applied termed partial mutual information from mixed embedding (PMIME). @entity3 -EEG data from two @entity0 with focal @entity2 were analyzed. Each EEG record contained a number of @entity1 in the majority of which @entity3 was administered over the @entity1 focus. As a control condition, sham stimulation over the epileptogenic zone or real @entity3 at a distance from the @entity1 focus was also performed. The change in brain connectivity structure was investigated from the causal networks formed at each sliding window. CONCLUSION: The PMIME could detect distinct changes in the network structure before, within, and after ED. The administration of real @entity3 over the @entity1 focus, in contrast to sham stimulation, terminated the ED prematurely in a node-specific manner and regained the network structure as if it would have terminated spontaneously.

title: Direct Causal Networks for the Study of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Effects on Focal XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this split-mouth, double-blind, randomized study was to determine whether pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMF) can improve swelling and the management of @entity2 after full-arch immediate loading implant surgery. Eleven @entity0 were selected for the study. Each @entity0 received four distal tilted implants in the upper or lower jaw and underwent full-arch immediate loading rehabilitation. After surgery, two PEMF devices were applied to each @entity0 , one on each cheek. In a random manner, one of these PEMF devices was switched on (test side); the other served as a placebo (control side). Forty-eight hours after surgery clinicians estimated @entity1 through photographic documentation, comparing the condition before and after surgery, while @entity2 was assessed using a verbal rating scale. The @entity0 's degree of comfort in relation to the PEMF devices was analyzed by questionnaire using a numerical rating scale. No statistically significant difference was observed between the test and control sides for swelling or @entity2 (P>0.05). Most of the @entity0 did not present swelling or @entity2 at 48h after surgery, regardless of whether the PEMF device was activated or not. Various outcomes were found in the comfort evaluation. Within the limitations of this study, PEMF does not reduce @entity1 or @entity2 after implant surgery.

title: Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on swelling and XXXX after implant surgery: a double-blind, randomized study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite the rising trend of @entity1 prevalence and increase in family caregiving, little attention has been paid to the efficacy of psychosocial interventions among Asian caregiver samples, particularly support groups, given the benefits that have been shown in studies on Western populations. This trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a pilot 4-week group psychotherapy for Singaporean family caregivers of @entity0 receiving outpatient care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Facilitated by a clinical psychologist, this intervention is primarily based on the brief integrative psychological therapy with a supportive-expressive intent. @entity0 will be recruited while they are accompanying their care recipients for outpatient consultations. Since this is a pilot study, a sample size of 120 @entity0 is targeted on the basis of sample sizes of previous studies. The study adopts a quasi-experimental design, as @entity0 are assigned the intervention or control arms based on their availability to attend the intervention. A mixed methods approach is used to evaluate the outcomes of the intervention. A self-administered battery of tests is completed at four time points: baseline, postintervention and follow-up at 1-month and 2-month postinterventions; semi-structured interviews are conducted at baseline and post-intervention. Primary outcomes are quality of life and @entity2 ; secondary outcomes are stress and basic psychological needs. Analysis using analysis of covariance would be conducted to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study protocol has ethics approval from the National Healthcare Group Domain Specific Review Board (NHG DSRB Ref: 2013/00662). Written informed consent is obtained from every @entity0 . Results will be disseminated through journals and conferences, and will be particularly relevant for clinicians intending to implement similar support groups to address the psychosocial concerns of caregivers, as well as for researchers seeking to refine the structure and evaluate the effectiveness of such programmes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Current Controlled Trials NCT02120183 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02120183).

title: A pilot, quasi-experimental, mixed methods investigation into the efficacy of a group psychotherapy intervention for caregivers of outpatients with XXXX : the COPE study protocol.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the diagnostic value of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and conventional radiography (CR) after acute small bone or joint @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between March 2013 and January 2014, 231 @entity0 with recent small bone or joint @entity1 underwent CR and subsequent CBCT. CR and CBCT examinations were independently assessed by two readers, blinded to the result of the other modality. The total number of @entity2 as well as the number of complex @entity2 were compared, and inter- and intraobserver agreement for CBCT was calculated. In addition, radiation doses and evaluation times for both modalities were noted and statistically compared. RESULTS: Fracture detection on CBCT increased by 35  % and 37  % for reader 1 and reader 2, respectively, and identification of complex @entity2 increased by 236  % and 185  %. Interobserver agreement for CBCT was almost perfect, as was intraobserver agreement for reader 1. The intraobserver agreement for reader 2 was substantial. Radiation doses and evaluation time were significantly higher for CBCT. CONCLUSION: CBCT detects significantly more small bone and joint @entity2 , in particular complex @entity2 , than CR. In the majority of cases, the clinical implication of the additionally detected @entity2 is limited, but in some @entity0 (e.g., @entity2 ), the management is significantly influenced by these findings. As the radiation dose for CBCT substantially exceeds that of CR, we suggest adhering to CR as the first-line examination after small bone and joint @entity1 and keeping CBCT for @entity0 with clinical-radiographic discordance or suspected complex @entity2 in need of further (preoperative) assessment.

title: Direct comparison of conventional radiography and cone-beam CT in small bone and joint XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aimed at determining the influence of the @entity2 @entity3 polymorphism on muscle strength and muscle endurance in non-athletic young @entity0 . METHODS: 266 healthy young @entity0 were included in this study. Each subject performed maximal isometric, concentric and eccentric contractions of the knee extensor muscles on an isokinetic dynamometer. Force @entity1 , force enhancement and the fatigue index were derived from these data. In addition, handgrip strength, squat jump (SJ) and counter movement jump (CMJ) height were obtained. RESULTS: Our group included 83 RR (31  %), 131 RX (49  %) and 52 XX (20  %) individuals. The muscle bone cross-sectional area of the thigh was 5  % higher in RR compared to XX individuals (P  =  0.033). RR genotypes showed 6  % higher handgrip strength compared to the XX group (P  =  0.047). They also jumped 5  % higher in both the SJ and CMJ tests (P  =  0.029; P  =  0.031). No differences were found in force @entity1 , force enhancement, isometric or eccentric strength. The relative concentric knee torque at 200  /s and at 300  /s was 7 and 8  % higher in RR compared to XX genotypes, respectively (P  =  0.049; P  =  0.048). Also, the fatigue index was found to be 4  % lower in XX genotypes (P  =  0.037). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are in agreement with the higher prevalence of the RR genotype in power-oriented activities. The better fatigue index of XX genotypes may be beneficial in endurance-type activities.

title: History-dependent force, angular velocity and muscular endurance in XXXX genotypes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: SIGNIFICANCE: @entity1 is an important risk factor for the development of @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Given the increasing prevalence of @entity1 in the population, strategies are needed to reduce the burden of @entity6 in these @entity0 . Recent Advances: @entity1 is associated with several pathologic findings in the heart including dysregulated metabolism, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and @entity2 . Emerging evidence suggests that @entity7 may be a central mediator of these pathologic responses. The development of therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondrial biology holds promise for the management of @entity6 in @entity1 @entity0 . CRITICAL ISSUES: Despite significant data implicating mitochondrial pathology in @entity8 , the optimal pharmacologic approach to improve mitochondrial function remains undefined. FUTURE DIRECTIONS: Detailed mechanistic studies coupled with more robust clinical phenotyping will be necessary to develop novel approaches to improve cardiac function in @entity1 . Moreover, understanding the interplay between @entity1 and other cardiac stressors ( @entity4 , @entity3 , and @entity5 ) will be of the utmost importance for clinical translation of scientific discoveries made in this field. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 22, 1515-1526.

title: The Mitochondria in XXXX : From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Promise.

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIM: Evaluating the incidence of @entity1 and its risk factors among Tehranian adults. MATERIAL _ METHODS: In this population-based cohort, non-obese @entity0 , aged >= 20years, were followed for development of @entity1 (Body Mass Index (BMI) >= 30). Incidence density and cumulative incidence rates of @entity1 were calculated for each sex. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine the association of potential @entity1 risk factors including: age, BMI, @entity2 , waist circumference (WC), smoking, marital status, education, and physical activity. RESULT: A total of 7257 @entity0 (3536 @entity0 ) were followed for a median of 8years. At baseline, mean age, BMI and WC were 41.3  14.6years, 25.1  2.9kg/m(2) (24.9  3kg/m(2) @entity0 and 25.2  3kg/m(2) @entity0 ), and 84.8  9.8cm (87.06  9.2cm @entity0 and 82.6  9.9cm @entity0 ) respectively. During the follow-up, 1345 @entity0 (876 @entity0 ) developed @entity1 contributing to cumulative incidences of 31.3% (CI: 29.9%-32.7%), 38.1% (CI: 36.2%-40.1%), and 23.4% (CI: 21.6%-25.3%) for the whole population, @entity0 , and @entity0 , respectively. Corresponding incidence density rates per 1000 @entity0 -year were 25.9 (CI: 24.5-27.3), 33.67 (CI: 31.5-36.0), and 18.0 (CI: 16.5-19.7), respectively. Highest incidence rates were observed during their 40s and 20s for @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. @entity0 with @entity2 , lower educational level, higher BMI and WC, were at higher risk of @entity1 development in both sexes. CONCLUSION: High incidence of @entity1 was observed among Tehranian adults with higher incidence of @entity1 in @entity0 . Different modifiable variables may act as risk factors for @entity1 development which should be targeted to control the epidemic of @entity1 .

title: Incidence and potential risk factors of XXXX among Tehranian adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To semi-quantitatively assess expiratory air trapping (ATexp) and structural changes in the proximal airways in @entity1 during @entity1 exacerbation (AE) and to explore the relationships among ATexp, clinical indices, and proximal airway changes. METHODS: Paired inspiratory-dynamic forced expiratory CT scans of 36 asthmatics (30 @entity0 , 6 @entity0 ; mean age, 49.2  18.9 years) performed during AE were retrospectively reviewed for the total ATexp score (summed scores [extent grading (0-4)*pattern grading (1-4)] of the twelve lung zones), morphologic parameters and expiratory bronchial collapse (BCexp) of the proximal airways. The relationships of the score with clinical indices and proximal airway morphology (normalized by body surface area [BSA]) were analyzed. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean total ATexp score was 110.1  43.4 (range, 8-166). It was higher in the lower zones and in @entity0 older than 60 years, having BMI of <27.5kg/m(2), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) of <60% predicted. Correlation existed between the score and age (r=0.331), BMI (r=-0.375), BSA (r=-0.442), % predicted PEFR (r=-0.332), right upper lobe apical segmental bronchus ( @entity2 )-wall area (WA)/BSA (r=0.467), % @entity2 -WA (r=0.395), and @entity2 -bronchial wall thickness (BWT)/BSA (r=0.378). The score showed no correlation with BCexp and other morphologic bronchial parameters. Area under receiver-operating-characteristic curve 0.724 (95% CI) showed that the score of 110 could discriminate @entity0 with PEFR of <60% predicted from those with PEFR of >= 60% predicted. CONCLUSION: During AE, there was a high prevalence of extensive ATexp which was correlated with @entity0 's age, BMI, BSA, AE severity and @entity2 morphology but not correlated with BCexp.

title: Expiratory air trapping during XXXX exacerbation: Relationships with clinical indices and proximal airway morphology.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the end of an Oxford sleep resistance (OSLER) test session and a neurophysiological marker of sleep onset in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . Single center study was conducted in @entity2 @entity0 with excessive @entity1 [ @entity1 scale (ESS) >9]. The OSLER test was conducted with a concomitant electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (mentalis), right and left electroculogram, and video monitoring. Neurophysiological (NP) sleep onset was defined according to AASM criteria (2005). Five @entity2 @entity0 with mean ESS of 14 (10-16) were included. OSLER test duration was shorter than 40   min in all @entity0 (mean duration 20   min and 39   s). No @entity0 fulfilled neurophysiological criteria to sleep onset at the time of OSLER test termination. In 13 OSLER sessions that ended before 40   min, eight had microsleeps in the last 30   s before the end of the test. NP monitoring showed signs of @entity1 in all @entity0 . In @entity2 @entity0 , the early termination of an OSLER test session may not correspond to NP criteria of sleep onset. However, in all @entity2 @entity0 with abnormal OSLER results, there were EEG signs of @entity1 , which do not exclude the potential utility of OSLER test to evaluate the risk of falling asleep.

title: End of OSLER Test Sessions in XXXX do not Correspond to True Sleep Onset: Results from an Exploratory Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Dengue poses a serious public health risk to nearly half the global population. It causes ~400 million infections annually and is considered to be one of the fastest spreading @entity3 . Four distinct serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4) cause @entity1 , which may be either mild or extremely severe. @entity2 ( @entity2 ), by pre-existing cross-reactive antibodies, is considered to be the major mechanism underlying severe disease. This mandates that a preventive vaccine must confer simultaneous and durable immunity to each of the four prevalent DENV serotypes. Recently, we used @entity4 , to express recombinant DENV-2 E ectodomain, and found that it assembled into virus-like particles (VLPs), in the absence of prM, implicated in the elicitation of @entity2 -mediating antibodies. These VLPs elicited predominantly type-specific neutralizing antibodies that conferred significant protection against lethal DENV-2 challenge, in a @entity0 model. The current work is an extension of this approach to develop prM-lacking DENV-3 E VLPs. Our data reveal that @entity4 -produced DENV-3 E VLPs not only preserve the antigenic integrity of the major neutralizing epitopes, but also elicit potent DENV-3 virus-neutralizing antibodies. Further, these neutralizing antibodies appear to be exclusively directed toward domain III of the DENV-3 E VLPs. Significantly, they also lack discernible @entity2 potential toward heterotypic DENVs. Taken together with the high productivity of the @entity4 expression system, this approach could potentially pave the way toward developing a DENV E-based, inexpensive, safe, and efficacious tetravalent sub-unit vaccine, for use in resource-poor dengue endemic countries.

title: XXXX -expressed dengue 3 envelope-based virus-like particles elicit predominantly domain III-focused high titer neutralizing antibodies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 ventricular @entity3 / @entity1 ( @entity4 /C) is characterized by high incidence of @entity2 . Overt @entity4 /C is preceded by a subclinical stage with lack of detectable ECG and structural abnormalities. Activation delay is present before structural abnormalities and is a hallmark of arrhythmogenesis. Deformation imaging may unmask activation delay in the subclinical stage. METHODS: Three groups were compared: (1) mutation-positive definite @entity4 /C- @entity0 fulfilling 2010 Task Force criteria (TFC) (n = 44); (2) asymptomatic mutation carriers not fulfilling TFC and without history of @entity2 (n = 31); and (3) controls (n = 30). All underwent ECG and echocardiographic deformation imaging. As a surrogate for local activation delay the electromechanical interval (EMI) was measured, defined as time between onset-QRS and onset of shortening. Arrhythmic outcome (PVC-count, VT) of asymptomatic mutation carriers was correlated with EMI and ECG TFC. RESULTS: In definite @entity4 /C- @entity0 , EMI was prolonged in all lateral RV segments. In asymptomatic mutation carriers, prolonged EMI was detected in the subtricuspid area in 14/31. Terminal activation duration >= 55 milliseconds (definition: supporting information) was the only ECG abnormality in this group (8/31). After a mean follow-up of 4.2    3.1 years 10/31 asymptomatic mutation carriers experienced arrhythmic outcome. Prolonged subtricuspid EMI was the only parameter significantly associated with arrhythmogenesis during follow-up. CONCLUSION: In @entity4 /C- @entity0 , EMI prolongation was present throughout the RV. In asymptomatic mutation carriers, prolonged EMI in the subtricuspid area is often detected without any additional abnormalities. These preliminary results indicate that prolonged EMI is a new parameter unmasking activation delay in the subclinical stage and may contribute to risk stratification.

title: Prolonged Electromechanical Interval Unmasks Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/ XXXX in the Subclinical Stage.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In up to 75% of cases, advanced @entity0 @entity1 eventually develop bone metastases with often debilitating skeletal-related events (SREs). Osteoclast inhibitors are commonly used as therapeutic mainstay with clinical studies showing superiority of denosumab over @entity3 (e.g., @entity9 ) for the prevention of SREs. The present review discusses the adverse event profile of these agents, and addresses the prevention and management of untoward side effects. Adverse events associated with osteoclast inhibitors comprise @entity7 of the jaw and @entity8 . @entity8 is more common with denosumab, particularly in severe @entity2 . During therapy, the appropriate prevention of these adverse events includes close attention to dental health, avoidance of invasive dental procedures, supplementation with @entity4 and @entity5 unless @entity1 are hypercalcemic, and regular monitoring of relevant serum values. Relating to the risk of nephrotoxicity, @entity3 but not denosumab have been incriminated. Therefore, serum @entity6 levels should be checked prior to each dose of @entity9 , and in severe @entity2 ( @entity6 clearance < 30 ml/min) @entity9 is contraindicated anyway. Acute-phase reactions are particularly linked to @entity3 . Consequently, if these adverse events predominate, switching to denosumab is recommended.

title: Side effects of bone-targeted therapies in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Chile, mortality from @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has increased rapidly. To help address this issue, the Prevention Project for @entity1 of the Colon and Rectum (PRENEC) program was initiated in 2012 with intensive support from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in Tokyo, Japan, as part of an international collaboration. METHODS: From June 2012 to July 2014, a total of 10,575 asymptomatic @entity0 were enrolled in PRENEC. @entity0 with positive immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) results or a family history of @entity2 underwent colonoscopy. The colonoscopy results from a similar, previous project in Chile (PREVICOLON) were compared with those from PRENEC. Furthermore, the initial colonoscopies of 1562 @entity0 in PRENEC were analyzed according to whether the colonoscopists were from @entity4 or Chile. RESULTS: The complete colonoscopy, @entity3 , and @entity1 detection rates were 88.0%, 26.7%, and 1.1%, respectively, in PREVICOLON, while the corresponding values were 94.4%, 41.8%, and 6.0%, respectively, in PRENEC. In PRENEC, 107 cases of @entity2 were detected, amounting for 1.0% of all @entity0 . Considering initial colonoscopies in PRENEC, the complete colonoscopy, @entity3 , and @entity1 detection rates were 97.4%, 45.3%, and 9.3%, respectively, for physicians at @entity4 and 93.3%, 41.5%, and 5.1%, respectively for Chilean physicians. The detection rates of @entity1 were 7.3% and 3.7%, respectively, for @entity4 and Chilean physicians. CONCLUSIONS: Quality indicators of colonoscopy substantially improved from PREVICOLON to PRENEC. The assessments made by Chilean physicians alone were improved in PRENEC, but remained better in the @entity4 group. Moreover, physicians from @entity4 detected more CRCs than Chilean physicians, especially at earlier stages. @entity1 2015.    2015 American @entity1 Society.

title: International collaboration between Japan and Chile to improve detection rates in XXXX screening.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity4 , reactive @entity2 species (ROS) are elevated and @entity3 signaling is impaired. Thus, several novel therapeutic strategies have been developed to target  altered ROS and @entity3 signaling pathways in @entity4 . Here, we investigate alterations of intracellular @entity3 and inhibition of cell viability caused by ROS in primary @entity0 prostate epithelial cells (hPECs) from healthy tissue and @entity4 cell lines (LNCaP, DU145, and @entity8 ). In hPECs, LNCaP and DU145 @entity6 induces an initial @entity3 increase, which in @entity4 cells is blocked at high concentrations of @entity6 . Upon depletion of intracellular @entity3 stores, store-operated @entity3 entry (SOCE) is activated. SOCE channels can be formed by hexameric @entity7 channels; however, @entity7 can form heteromultimers with its homolog, @entity9 . Since the redox sensor of @entity7 ( @entity5 -195) is absent in @entity9 , the @entity7 / @entity9 ratio in T  cells determines the redox sensitivity of SOCE and cell viability. In @entity4 cells, SOCE is blocked at lower concentrations of @entity6 compared with hPECs. An analysis of data from hPECs, LNCaP, DU145, and @entity8 , as well as previously published data from naive and effector TH cells, demonstrates a strong correlation between the @entity7 / @entity9 ratio and the SOCE redox sensitivity and cell viability. Therefore, our data support the concept that store-operated @entity3 channels in hPECs and @entity4 cells are heteromeric @entity7 / @entity9 channels with an increased @entity7 / @entity9 ratio in cells derived from @entity4 @entity1 . In addition, ROS-induced alterations in @entity3 signaling in @entity4 cells may contribute to the higher sensitivity of these cells to ROS.

title: Differential Redox Regulation of XXXX Signaling and Viability in Normal and Malignant Prostate Cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 @entity7 @entity1 cells were grown on a sponge foam matrix in an organ culture system and the cell cycle parameters, including the growth fraction (GF), were assessed after autoradiography. The zones of growth consisted of a compact upper layer (UL) at the gaseous interface, a central @entity3 and a deeper lower layer (LL) which invaded the matrix. The fraction of continuously labeled mitoses (FCLM) was similar in both the UL and LL cells. The derivatives of the FCLM curves obtained in three experiments gave an average modal TG2 of 5 hr. A mathematical model relating GF, TG2, TC and labeling index as a function of time, @entity6 (t), was devised for cells in a steady state exposed continuously to tritiated @entity4 and was applied to data obtained from UL cells. A mean GF of 9% (range: 8-10%) and a mean cell cycle time (TC') of 27 hr (range: 13-47 hr) were obtained. The mean @entity5 was calculated to be 11 hr (range: 8-16 hr) by the method of grain counts per mitotic figure or grain index (GI). Knowledge of @entity5 permitted alternative calculation of the cell cycle time from the equation Ts/TC = @entity6 (0)/GF:this gave a mean cell cycle time (TC") of 29 hr (range: 20-45hr). Except for the GF, the cell kinetics were comparable to those of the same cell line grown in monolayer culture. The GF in the in vitro system described is in the lower range reported in some @entity0 @entity1 in vivo.

title: @entity2 XXXX @entity1 cells maintained in an organ culture system: a study of kinetic parameters.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity2 @entity7 @entity1 cells were grown on a sponge foam matrix in an organ culture system and the cell cycle parameters, including the growth fraction (GF), were assessed after autoradiography. The zones of growth consisted of a compact upper layer (UL) at the gaseous interface, a central @entity3 and a deeper lower layer (LL) which invaded the matrix. The fraction of continuously labeled mitoses (FCLM) was similar in both the UL and LL cells. The derivatives of the FCLM curves obtained in three experiments gave an average modal TG2 of 5 hr. A mathematical model relating GF, TG2, TC and labeling index as a function of time, @entity6 (t), was devised for cells in a steady state exposed continuously to tritiated @entity4 and was applied to data obtained from UL cells. A mean GF of 9% (range: 8-10%) and a mean cell cycle time (TC') of 27 hr (range: 13-47 hr) were obtained. The mean @entity5 was calculated to be 11 hr (range: 8-16 hr) by the method of grain counts per mitotic figure or grain index (GI). Knowledge of @entity5 permitted alternative calculation of the cell cycle time from the equation Ts/TC = @entity6 (0)/GF:this gave a mean cell cycle time (TC") of 29 hr (range: 20-45hr). Except for the GF, the cell kinetics were comparable to those of the same cell line grown in monolayer culture. The GF in the in vitro system described is in the lower range reported in some @entity0 @entity1 in vivo.

title: @entity2 @entity7 XXXX cells maintained in an organ culture system: a study of kinetic parameters.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 @entity7 @entity1 cells were grown on a sponge foam matrix in an organ culture system and the cell cycle parameters, including the growth fraction (GF), were assessed after autoradiography. The zones of growth consisted of a compact upper layer (UL) at the gaseous interface, a central @entity3 and a deeper lower layer (LL) which invaded the matrix. The fraction of continuously labeled mitoses (FCLM) was similar in both the UL and LL cells. The derivatives of the FCLM curves obtained in three experiments gave an average modal TG2 of 5 hr. A mathematical model relating GF, TG2, TC and labeling index as a function of time, @entity6 (t), was devised for cells in a steady state exposed continuously to tritiated @entity4 and was applied to data obtained from UL cells. A mean GF of 9% (range: 8-10%) and a mean cell cycle time (TC') of 27 hr (range: 13-47 hr) were obtained. The mean @entity5 was calculated to be 11 hr (range: 8-16 hr) by the method of grain counts per mitotic figure or grain index (GI). Knowledge of @entity5 permitted alternative calculation of the cell cycle time from the equation Ts/TC = @entity6 (0)/GF:this gave a mean cell cycle time (TC") of 29 hr (range: 20-45hr). Except for the GF, the cell kinetics were comparable to those of the same cell line grown in monolayer culture. The GF in the in vitro system described is in the lower range reported in some @entity0 @entity1 in vivo.

title: XXXX @entity7 @entity1 cells maintained in an organ culture system: a study of kinetic parameters.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate whether zero-profile anchored spacer (Zero-P) could reduce complication rates, while maintaining similar clinical outcomes compared to plate-cage construct (PCC) in the treatment of @entity3 . METHODS: All prospective and retrospective comparative studies published up to May 2015 that compared the clinical outcomes of Zero-P versus PCC in the treatment of @entity3 were acquired by a comprehensive search in PubMed and EMBASE. Exclusion criteria were non-English studies, noncomparative studies, hybrid surgeries, revision surgeries, and surgeries with less than a 12-month follow-up period. The main end points including Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) and @entity0 ( @entity0 ) scores, cervical @entity2 , fusion rate, subsidence, and @entity1 were analyzed. All studies were analyzed with the RevMan 5.2.0 software. Publication biases of main results were examined using Stata 12.0. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies were included in the meta-analysis. No statistical difference was observed with regard to preoperative or postoperative JOA and @entity0 scores, cervical @entity2 , and fusion rate. The Zero-P group had a higher subsidence rate than the PCC group (P<0.05, risk difference =0.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.00-0.26). However, the Zero-P group had a significantly lower postoperative @entity1 rate than the PCC group within the first 2 weeks (P<0.05, odds ratio [OR] =0.64, 95% CI 0.45-0.91), at the 6th month [P<0.05, OR =0.20, 95% CI 0.04-0.90], and at the final follow-up time [P<0.05, OR =0.13, 95% CI 0.04-0.45]. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggested that surgical treatments of single or multiple levels of @entity3 using Zero-P and PCC were similar in terms of JOA score, @entity0 score, cervical @entity2 , and fusion rate. Although the Zero-P group had a higher subsidence rate than the PCC group, Zero-P had a lower postoperative @entity1 rate and might have a lower adjacent-level ossification rate.

title: Comparison of zero-profile anchored spacer versus plate-cage construct in treatment of XXXX with regard to clinical outcomes and incidence of major complications: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pulmonary metastasectomies are performed for a variety of @entity1 , though few reports have examined their merit for @entity2 . This study examined the relationship between clinical and pathological characteristics and survival after resection of lung metastases of these @entity1 . METHODS: Between 1986 and 2013, 34 @entity0 presenting with pulmonary metastases of primary @entity2 underwent surgical resections at our institution. We retrospectively analyzed their clinical and pathological characteristics and the @entity0 ' survival after metastasectomy in search of adverse prognostic factors. RESULTS: The primary sites of @entity1 were: the tongue in eight @entity0 , the pharynx and salivary glands each in seven, the larynx in five, and miscellaneous sites in seven @entity0 . @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was present in 19, @entity4 in 10, and other diagnoses in five @entity0 . The median disease-free interval (DFI) between the initial surgery and the metastasectomies was 40 months. The overall five-year survival rate was 57.9%, and median survival time was 77 months. By single variable analysis, a DFI of  <=26 months, age >= 60 years, and histology of @entity3 were predictors; by multiple variable analysis, a short DFI (P = 0.018) and older age (P = 0.046) remained independent predictors of poor clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Young age and a long DFI are factors in favor of pulmonary metastasectomy after surgical treatment of primary @entity2 .

title: Survival predictors after resection of lung metastases of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Approximately, 1 in 3 @entity0 in dermatology settings has @entity3 comorbidity. Thus, we conducted a survey in @entity4 to explore the awareness, knowledge, practicing patterns, and attitudes of dermatologists toward @entity1 . METHOD: The questionnaire-based study was performed from @entity8 , 2013, to May 20, 2013. Study @entity0 included 115 dermatologists. The questionnaire consisted of 9 multiple-choice questions and 2 open-ended questions. RESULTS: Of the 115 dermatologists in the study, 38 were @entity0 and 77 were @entity0 . More than 85% of dermatologists indicated that they examine > 30 @entity0 per week in their practice, while only 2% saw < 10 @entity0 per week. The most frequent @entity5 associated with @entity3 involvement seen by dermatologists was acne (49.1%). The top 3 diagnoses referred by dermatologists to psychiatrists were @entity6 (42.6%), @entity7 areata (38.2%), and @entity2 (27.8%). CONCLUSIONS: A need for collaboration between primary care, psychiatry, and dermatology disciplines in handling @entity0 with psychocutaneous conditions is widely accepted. Investigating the knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of dermatologists about @entity1 might contribute to the development of new educational strategies and elicit qualified biopsychosocial approaches.

title: Psychodermatology: Knowledge, Awareness, Practicing Patterns, and Attitudes of Dermatologists in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are no specific antivirals designed for many @entity4 . @entity5 pranobex (PI) is a @entity7 that is involved in a wide variety of intracellular biochemical processes. The mechanism of action in @entity0 body is still unclear but numerous studies have demonstrated that this drug inhibits viral replication and exhibit pleiotropic effect. We evaluated in vitro effect of @entity5 pranobex (PI) on replication of @entity0 viruses: @entity6 viruses ( @entity8 , @entity8 ), entroviruses A (CA16, EV71) and adenoviruses C (HAdV-2, HAdV-5). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, cytotoxic effect of @entity5 pranobex was assessed using A549 cell line exposed to different concentrations of compound (PI: 50-800 ig/mL) for 48 hours. @entity2 effect of @entity5 pranobex was assessed visually using light, inverted microscopy Olympus CK2 under 400x magnification and by the @entity1 colorimetric assay. Antiviral effect was estimated according to the reduction of virus titer. The yield reduction assay (YRA), which evaluates the ability of the PI (50-800   g/mL) to inhibit virus multiplication in cell cultures, was applied. The @entity3 was evaluated 48 h after infection ofA549 cell cultures with viruses by means of light, inverted microscopy. The Reed-Muench statistical method was used to determine the 50% end point (IC50) (yield reduction assay, YRA) in the presence of @entity5 pranobex with the controlled one. RESULTS: There were no morphological changes, as assessed visually, in cell cultures treated with PI. @entity1 @entity2 assay confirmed microscopic observations. The viability of cells in the presence of the tested compounds was average 98, 36 %. After conducting the experiments and analyzing the results we noticed that higher concentrations of PI strongly inhibited multiplication of all viruses. PI weakly reduced the titer of infectious enteroviruses and @entity8 as compared with the control. Adenoviruses showed the highest sensitivity to the antiviral activity of PI, however, increasing concentrations of PI up to 800   g /ml slightly enhanced the antiviral activity of 400   g/ml PI. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that @entity5 pranobex shows no cytotoxic activity on the A549 cell line. In conducted study was observed that adenoviruses (HAdV-2 and HAdV-5) and @entity8 have the highest sensitivity to the antiviral activity of @entity5 pranobex from all tested viral strains.

title: [Inosine pranobex - cytotoxic activities and effect of on replication of @entity0 XXXX viruses ( @entity8 , @entity8 ), entroviruses (CA16, EV71) and adenoviruses (HAdV-2, HAdV-5) in vitro].

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are no specific antivirals designed for many @entity4 . @entity5 pranobex (PI) is a @entity7 that is involved in a wide variety of intracellular biochemical processes. The mechanism of action in @entity0 body is still unclear but numerous studies have demonstrated that this drug inhibits viral replication and exhibit pleiotropic effect. We evaluated in vitro effect of @entity5 pranobex (PI) on replication of @entity0 viruses: @entity6 viruses ( @entity8 , @entity8 ), entroviruses A (CA16, EV71) and adenoviruses C (HAdV-2, HAdV-5). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, cytotoxic effect of @entity5 pranobex was assessed using A549 cell line exposed to different concentrations of compound (PI: 50-800 ig/mL) for 48 hours. @entity2 effect of @entity5 pranobex was assessed visually using light, inverted microscopy Olympus CK2 under 400x magnification and by the @entity1 colorimetric assay. Antiviral effect was estimated according to the reduction of virus titer. The yield reduction assay (YRA), which evaluates the ability of the PI (50-800   g/mL) to inhibit virus multiplication in cell cultures, was applied. The @entity3 was evaluated 48 h after infection ofA549 cell cultures with viruses by means of light, inverted microscopy. The Reed-Muench statistical method was used to determine the 50% end point (IC50) (yield reduction assay, YRA) in the presence of @entity5 pranobex with the controlled one. RESULTS: There were no morphological changes, as assessed visually, in cell cultures treated with PI. @entity1 @entity2 assay confirmed microscopic observations. The viability of cells in the presence of the tested compounds was average 98, 36 %. After conducting the experiments and analyzing the results we noticed that higher concentrations of PI strongly inhibited multiplication of all viruses. PI weakly reduced the titer of infectious enteroviruses and @entity8 as compared with the control. Adenoviruses showed the highest sensitivity to the antiviral activity of PI, however, increasing concentrations of PI up to 800   g /ml slightly enhanced the antiviral activity of 400   g/ml PI. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that @entity5 pranobex shows no cytotoxic activity on the A549 cell line. In conducted study was observed that adenoviruses (HAdV-2 and HAdV-5) and @entity8 have the highest sensitivity to the antiviral activity of @entity5 pranobex from all tested viral strains.

title: [Inosine pranobex - cytotoxic activities and effect of on replication of @entity0 @entity6 viruses ( XXXX , @entity8 ), entroviruses (CA16, EV71) and adenoviruses (HAdV-2, HAdV-5) in vitro].

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are no specific antivirals designed for many @entity4 . @entity5 pranobex (PI) is a @entity7 that is involved in a wide variety of intracellular biochemical processes. The mechanism of action in @entity0 body is still unclear but numerous studies have demonstrated that this drug inhibits viral replication and exhibit pleiotropic effect. We evaluated in vitro effect of @entity5 pranobex (PI) on replication of @entity0 viruses: @entity6 viruses ( @entity8 , @entity8 ), entroviruses A (CA16, EV71) and adenoviruses C (HAdV-2, HAdV-5). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, cytotoxic effect of @entity5 pranobex was assessed using A549 cell line exposed to different concentrations of compound (PI: 50-800 ig/mL) for 48 hours. @entity2 effect of @entity5 pranobex was assessed visually using light, inverted microscopy Olympus CK2 under 400x magnification and by the @entity1 colorimetric assay. Antiviral effect was estimated according to the reduction of virus titer. The yield reduction assay (YRA), which evaluates the ability of the PI (50-800   g/mL) to inhibit virus multiplication in cell cultures, was applied. The @entity3 was evaluated 48 h after infection ofA549 cell cultures with viruses by means of light, inverted microscopy. The Reed-Muench statistical method was used to determine the 50% end point (IC50) (yield reduction assay, YRA) in the presence of @entity5 pranobex with the controlled one. RESULTS: There were no morphological changes, as assessed visually, in cell cultures treated with PI. @entity1 @entity2 assay confirmed microscopic observations. The viability of cells in the presence of the tested compounds was average 98, 36 %. After conducting the experiments and analyzing the results we noticed that higher concentrations of PI strongly inhibited multiplication of all viruses. PI weakly reduced the titer of infectious enteroviruses and @entity8 as compared with the control. Adenoviruses showed the highest sensitivity to the antiviral activity of PI, however, increasing concentrations of PI up to 800   g /ml slightly enhanced the antiviral activity of 400   g/ml PI. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that @entity5 pranobex shows no cytotoxic activity on the A549 cell line. In conducted study was observed that adenoviruses (HAdV-2 and HAdV-5) and @entity8 have the highest sensitivity to the antiviral activity of @entity5 pranobex from all tested viral strains.

title: [Inosine pranobex - cytotoxic activities and effect of on replication of @entity0 @entity6 viruses ( @entity8 , XXXX ), entroviruses (CA16, EV71) and adenoviruses (HAdV-2, HAdV-5) in vitro].

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are no specific antivirals designed for many @entity4 . @entity5 pranobex (PI) is a @entity7 that is involved in a wide variety of intracellular biochemical processes. The mechanism of action in @entity0 body is still unclear but numerous studies have demonstrated that this drug inhibits viral replication and exhibit pleiotropic effect. We evaluated in vitro effect of @entity5 pranobex (PI) on replication of @entity0 viruses: @entity6 viruses ( @entity8 , @entity8 ), entroviruses A (CA16, EV71) and adenoviruses C (HAdV-2, HAdV-5). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, cytotoxic effect of @entity5 pranobex was assessed using A549 cell line exposed to different concentrations of compound (PI: 50-800 ig/mL) for 48 hours. @entity2 effect of @entity5 pranobex was assessed visually using light, inverted microscopy Olympus CK2 under 400x magnification and by the @entity1 colorimetric assay. Antiviral effect was estimated according to the reduction of virus titer. The yield reduction assay (YRA), which evaluates the ability of the PI (50-800   g/mL) to inhibit virus multiplication in cell cultures, was applied. The @entity3 was evaluated 48 h after infection ofA549 cell cultures with viruses by means of light, inverted microscopy. The Reed-Muench statistical method was used to determine the 50% end point (IC50) (yield reduction assay, YRA) in the presence of @entity5 pranobex with the controlled one. RESULTS: There were no morphological changes, as assessed visually, in cell cultures treated with PI. @entity1 @entity2 assay confirmed microscopic observations. The viability of cells in the presence of the tested compounds was average 98, 36 %. After conducting the experiments and analyzing the results we noticed that higher concentrations of PI strongly inhibited multiplication of all viruses. PI weakly reduced the titer of infectious enteroviruses and @entity8 as compared with the control. Adenoviruses showed the highest sensitivity to the antiviral activity of PI, however, increasing concentrations of PI up to 800   g /ml slightly enhanced the antiviral activity of 400   g/ml PI. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that @entity5 pranobex shows no cytotoxic activity on the A549 cell line. In conducted study was observed that adenoviruses (HAdV-2 and HAdV-5) and @entity8 have the highest sensitivity to the antiviral activity of @entity5 pranobex from all tested viral strains.

title: [Inosine pranobex - cytotoxic activities and effect of on replication of XXXX @entity6 viruses ( @entity8 , @entity8 ), entroviruses (CA16, EV71) and adenoviruses (HAdV-2, HAdV-5) in vitro].

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 continues to be a major cause of @entity1 admissions all over the world and contributes significantly to high morbidity and mortality. A descriptive prospective study was conducted at Bugando Medical Centre in north-western Tanzania to describe our experience on the management of @entity3 outlining the causes, injury characteristics and treatment outcome of these @entity0 . Statistical data analysis was done using SPSS programme. A total of 396 @entity0 were studied. Male to female ratio was 3.2: 1. The median age was 28 years. More than three quarter of @entity0 sustained blunt @entity4 . Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were the most common cause of injury accounting for 64.9% of cases. None of our @entity0 received any pre-hospital care. The spleen was the most common injured organ in blunt @entity3 occurring in 176 (75.9%) @entity0 , while in penetrating @entity2 was the most common in 24 (10.3%) @entity0 . One hundred twenty-four (31.3%) @entity0 had associated extra- @entity4 of which the head/neck region (46.8%) was commonly affected. A total of 232 (58.6%) @entity0 were treated surgically with a negative laparotomy rate of 7.8%. Complication and mortality rates were 20.7% and 17.9% respectively. The age of @entity0 , presence of associated extra- @entity4 , severity of injury (Kampala Trauma Score II  <= 6), admission Systolic Blood Pressure < 90mnHg, injury-arrival time > 24 hours and presence of postoperative complications mainly surgical site infections significantly predicted mortality (p < 0.001). The overall median length of hospital stay was 12 days. @entity0 who had severe @entity1 (KTS II  <= 6) and those with associated @entity1 stayed longer in the hospital (p < 0.001). @entity3 resulting from RTAs is still rampant in our environment and remains a major source of morbidity and mortality. Preventive strategies should be focused on reduction of road traffic accidents, violent crimes and social conflicts.

title: XXXX experience over a two-year period at a tertiary hospital in north-western Tanzania: a prospective review of 396 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 studies show improved survival for Asians but have not reported stage-specific @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) by race. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database was queried for cases of @entity2 between 1998 and 2008. We evaluated @entity3 and @entity1 by race and stage. Number of assessed lymph nodes was compared among surgical @entity0 . Of 49,058 @entity0 with complete staging data, 35,300 were white, 7709 were Asian, and 6049 were black. Asians had significantly better @entity3 for all stages (P < 0.001) and significantly better @entity1 for Stages I (P < 0.0001) and II (P = 0.0006). As compared with blacks, whites had significantly better @entity1 for Stages I (P < 0.0001), II (P = 0.0055), III (P = 0.0165), and IV (P < 0.0001). Among the 28,133 (57%) surgical @entity0 , average number of evaluated lymph nodes was highest for Asians (P < 0.0001). Among surgical @entity0 with 15 or more nodes evaluated, @entity1 was worse in blacks with Stage I disease (P < 0.05). Blacks with @entity2 have a worse @entity1 , which disappears when surgical treatment includes adequate lymphadenectomy. Race-associated survival differences for @entity2 might simply reflect variations in surgical staging techniques and socioeconomic factors.

title: Race Influences Stage-specific Survival in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In a series of 50 @entity0 with @entity4 who have undergone the procedure of neural arch resection, the @entity0 were predominantly in the fifth and sixth decades of life. Females exceeded males 3:2. Long histories and previous surgical treatment were characteristic, with unilateral symptoms predominating. However, physical examination demonstrated the reverse, i.e., bilateral signs and @entity1 . Lumbosacral radiographs suggested the stenotic condition and myelography was corroborative. The definitive test was axial tomography. Neural arch resection removes, bilaterally, the spinous processes, laminae, articular processes and the pedicles, if the latter are hypertrophied or narrowly placed. Resection must be accomplished at all levels of disease for optimum results. Fusion has not been required. Half of the group of 50 totally disabled @entity0 have been returned to full function and comfort, one-fourth to perform acts of daily living with some @entity2 , and one-fourth remain disabled. Complications include @entity3 in six and one case of postoperative spondylolisthesis. Neural arch resection is a procedure for the management of @entity4 and its elemental categories. The results indicate at least a 50% expectation of return to function in comfort, provided that the principles of surgery as to extent and @entity1 at all levels are followed, and that the @entity0 participate in a back rehabilitation and conditioning program.

title: Neural arch resection for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity6 is an opportunistic dimorphic fungus that inhabits various host mucosal sites. It can cause both superficial and serious @entity2 . Conversion from the @entity3 to the hyphal form has been associated with increased virulence and mucosal invasiveness. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity5 and @entity1 on germs tube formation of different @entity6 strains. @entity4 may play an important role in fungal colonization. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase isoenzymes. These drugs specifically block the biosynthesis of @entity0 prostaglandins by inhibiting one or both of cyclooxygenase isoenzymes. In tests for germ tube formation @entity5 reduced the filamentation to the 12.5%- 5.1%. In the presence of @entity1 the filamentation was reduced up to 85-45% depending on the tested strain. Our results suggest that cyclooxygenase-depending synthesis of fungal @entity4 is important for morphogenesis and fungal virulence. Inhibitors of cyclooxygenase isoensymes ( @entity1 and @entity5 ) are effective in decreasing germ tube formation of @entity6 .

title: Treatment with some anti-inflammatory drugs reduces germ tube formation in XXXX strains.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Andr   Lwoff, Jacques Monod, and Fran  ois Jacob, the leaders of the French school of molecular biology, greatly contributed between 1937 and 1965 to its development and triumph. The main discovery of Lwoff was the elucidation of the mechanism of bacteriophage induction, the phenomenon of lysogeny, that led to the model of genetic regulation uncovered later by Jacob and Monod. Working on bacterial growth, Monod discovered in 1941 the phenomenon of diauxy and uncovered the nature of enzyme induction. By combining genetic and biochemical approaches, Monod brought to light the structure and functions of the @entity0 @entity1 system, comprising the genes necessary for @entity1 metabolism, i.e., b-galactosidase and @entity1 permease, a pump responsible for accumulation of @entity2 into the cells. An additional genetic factor (the i gene) determines the inducibility and constitutivity of enzyme synthesis. Around the same time, Fran  ois Jacob and Elie Wollman dissected the main events of bacterial conjugation that enabled them to construct a map of the @entity0 chromosome and to demonstrate its circularity. The genetic analysis of the @entity1 system led Monod and Jacob to elucidate the mechanism of the regulation of gene expression and to propose the operon model: a unit of coordinate transcription. One of the new concepts that emerged from the operon model was messenger RNA. In 1963, Monod developed one of the most elegant concepts of molecular biology, the theory of allostery. In 1965, Lwoff, Monod and Jacob were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

title: XXXX and the French School of Molecular Biology.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Amblyopia is an acquired @entity3 caused by abnormal visual experience that occurs during childhood. Since early diagnosis is important in preventing further irreparable effects, the aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of @entity5 screening in @entity0 . METHODS: Data from the @entity5 screening program in the Welfare Department of Bandar Abbas during 2011-2012 were used. Suspected cases were referred to specialists in the Optometry clinic for screening purposes. Subsequently, @entity0 who suffered from strabismus, @entity5 , or @entity2 were referred to ophthalmologists. SPSS version16 was used to analyze the data. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Of the 16,599 @entity0 examined in 2012, 2486 suspected cases of @entity5 were diagnosed and 168 being diagnosed with @entity5 after visit with ophthalmologist. The prevalence rate of @entity5 was 1.01%. In 2011, of 17,733 cases, 2013 @entity0 were diagnosed as suspected cases and 171 @entity0 were diagnosed to be amblyopic finally. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity5 in this study was 0.96% and 1.01% in years 2011 and 2012 respectively, which was consistent with the results of studies in other countries. By considering the importance of diagnosing the prevalence of @entity5 on time in preschool and in order to prevent @entity0 s @entity4 or @entity1 in future, it is essential to increase the quality of the examinations that are conducted by the trainers.

title: Amblyopia screening in XXXX in Bandar Abbas (Iran) during 2011-2012.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare outcomes of early tracheostomy ( <=10 days after translaryngeal intubation) with late tracheostomy (> 10 days after translaryngeal intubation) in @entity2 @entity0 with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from inception to April 2014. We included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared early tracheostomy (ET) with late tracheostomy (LT) in @entity2 @entity0 . There was no language restriction. Two authors extracted data and conducted a quality assessment. Meta-analyses using the fixed-effects or random-effects model were conducted for mortality, incidence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), duration of MV and sedation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. RESULTS: We enrolled nine studies, in which a total of 2040 @entity0 were randomized to either ET group (N=1018) or LT group (N=1022). ET might reduce the duration of sedation (weighted mean difference [WMD]=-5.99 days; 95% confidence intervals [CI]=-11.41- -0.57 days; p=0.03). ET did not significantly alter the mortality (relative risk [RR]=0.88; 95% CI=0.76-1.00; p=0.06), incidence of @entity1 (RR=0.84; 95% CI=0.66-1.08; p=0.17), duration of MV (WMD=-4.46 days; 95% CI=-12.61-3.69 days; p=0.28) and length of ICU stay (WMD=-7.57 days; 95% CI=-15.42-0.29 days; p=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis suggested that ET might be able to reduce the duration of sedation but did not significantly alter the mortality, incidence of @entity1 , duration of MV and length of ICU stay.

title: Early Versus Late XXXX @entity0 : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare outcomes of early tracheostomy ( <=10 days after translaryngeal intubation) with late tracheostomy (> 10 days after translaryngeal intubation) in @entity2 @entity0 with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from inception to April 2014. We included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared early tracheostomy (ET) with late tracheostomy (LT) in @entity2 @entity0 . There was no language restriction. Two authors extracted data and conducted a quality assessment. Meta-analyses using the fixed-effects or random-effects model were conducted for mortality, incidence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), duration of MV and sedation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay. RESULTS: We enrolled nine studies, in which a total of 2040 @entity0 were randomized to either ET group (N=1018) or LT group (N=1022). ET might reduce the duration of sedation (weighted mean difference [WMD]=-5.99 days; 95% confidence intervals [CI]=-11.41- -0.57 days; p=0.03). ET did not significantly alter the mortality (relative risk [RR]=0.88; 95% CI=0.76-1.00; p=0.06), incidence of @entity1 (RR=0.84; 95% CI=0.66-1.08; p=0.17), duration of MV (WMD=-4.46 days; 95% CI=-12.61-3.69 days; p=0.28) and length of ICU stay (WMD=-7.57 days; 95% CI=-15.42-0.29 days; p=0.06). CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis suggested that ET might be able to reduce the duration of sedation but did not significantly alter the mortality, incidence of @entity1 , duration of MV and length of ICU stay.

title: Early Versus Late @entity2 XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 and experimental @entity3 are enhanced by a pro-inflammatory microenvironment. Pharmacologically driven chemopreventive agents and dietary variables are hypothesized to have future roles in the prevention of @entity3 by targeting these processes. The current study was designed to determine the ability of dietary lyophilized strawberries to inhibit inflammation-promoted @entity3 in a preclinical animal model. @entity2 were given a single i.p. injection of azoxymethane (10 mg kg-1 body weight). One week after injection, @entity2 were administered 2% (w/v) dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water for seven days and then an experimental diet containing chemically characterized lyophilized strawberries for the duration of the bioassay. @entity2 fed control diet, or experimental diet containing 2.5%, 5.0% or 10.0% strawberries displayed @entity1 incidence of 100%, 64%, 75% and 44%, respectively (p < 0.05). The mechanistic studies demonstrate that strawberries reduced expression of proinflammatory mediators, suppressed nitrosative stress and decreased phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, @entity4 , extracellular signal-regulated kinase and nuclear factor kappa B. In conclusion, strawberries target proinflammatory mediators and oncogenic signaling for the preventive efficacies against @entity3 in @entity2 . This works supports future development of fully characterized and precisely controlled functional foods for testing in @entity0 clinical trials for this disease.

title: Strawberry Phytochemicals Inhibit Azoxymethane/Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Crj: CD-1 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare postnatal outcomes in pregnancies managed expectantly after previable preterm @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in relation to amniotic fluid volume. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed in 92 @entity0 with amniotic fluid leakage for more than a week after previable preterm @entity9 (gestational age 14 1/7-24 0/7 weeks) who delivered a liveborn neonate at or after 24 1/7 weeks of gestation from 2002 to 2014. Short-term ( @entity2 , @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity7 ) and long-term ( @entity3 and @entity1 ) outcomes were compared between @entity0 with (n=58) and without persistent @entity8 (n=34), defined as maximal vertical pocket less than 2 cm or amniotic fluid index less than 5 cm. We analyzed discrete data using the    or Fisher's exact test and continuous variables using Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test. We also performed multivariable analyses. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in survival rate at discharge (44/58 [75.9%] compared with 34/34 [100%], P=.001) and @entity1 at a median age of 4 years after performing multiple regression analysis (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 70.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.9-1,719.9, P=.009) between @entity0 with persistent @entity8 and @entity0 with normal amniotic fluid volume. A multiple regression analysis, performed to control for confounders, revealed that gestational age at delivery (adjusted OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.7, P=.008) and breech presentation (adjusted OR 90.8, 95% CI 2.2-3,778.1, P=.018) were significant factors affecting survival of @entity0 with persistent @entity8 . CONCLUSION: The postnatal survival rate after previable preterm @entity9 was lower and @entity1 more frequent in @entity0 with persistent @entity8 than in @entity0 with normal amniotic fluid volume. Even so, most neonates born alive after previable preterm @entity9 and persistent @entity8 survived to discharge and were developmentally normal. The overall survival rate was higher than in previous studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.

title: Short-Term and Long-Term Postnatal Outcomes of Expectant Management After Previable Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes With and Without Persistent XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: All medical staff and travellers to the Arabian Peninsula should be aware of a new epidemic caused by Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which has emerged in the Arabian Peninsula (2012), secondary cases have been seen in Africa, Europe, Asia and the United States. It seems likely that the outbreak will continue with sporadic adventive cases occurring outside the Middle East, including Poland. Polish medical literature on MERS-CoV is rather scant. Therefore, the article describes etiology, epidemiology, symptoms and diagnostic methods of MERS-CoV @entity1 which are available in Poland. Selected cases of @entity0 infected with MERS-CoV are also presented followed by preventive methods. Comparisons between MERS-CoV and @entity3 -CoV are briefly described. Epidemiological and genetic studies point at zoonotic transmission of MERS-CoV from @entity4 and possibly bats. Infection is characterized by severe @entity2 with a high fatality rate and the ability to spread from @entity0 to @entity0 ; health care-associated outbreaks have been described. No known vaccine or antiviral therapy has been developed for MERS. The diagnosis is made by demonstrating the MERS-CoV in lower respiratory secretions by RT PCR. General hygiene measures such as regular hand washing before and after touching animals and avoiding contact with sick animals in the epidemic areas, should be adhered to. Health-care workers should always apply standard precautions consistently with all @entity0 , regardless of their diagnosis due to non-specific symptoms of MERS-CoV in the early stage of @entity1 .

title: [Etiological, epidemiological and clinical aspects of coronavirus XXXX MERS-CoV].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The optimal management of @entity1 remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the radiographic and functional outcomes of 318 @entity0 who underwent k-wire fixation or volar plating for @entity1 of the distal radius. @entity0 were aged between 20 and 65 years and followed for a mean of 32 months. The mean values for volar tilt, radial inclination, radial length and ulnar variance were all significantly better in the volar plate group. Malunion occurred in 13.2% of @entity0 undergoing k-wiring and 4% of @entity0 treated with a volar plate (p<0.007). Higher values for radial inclination, radial length and volar tilt correlated with better functional outcome as measured by disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand (DASH) and @entity0 rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) scores. Lower values for ulnar variance correlated with better functional outcome. Although volar plate treatment resulted in a superior radiological outcome, there was no evidence that this translated into a superior functional outcome (DASH 13.12 vs. 11.25, p=0.28) (PRWE 17.56 vs. 16.31, p=0.69). The k-wiring procedure remains a suitable inexpensive option for simple @entity1 . Volar plating should be reserved for complex @entity1 that cannot be reduced by closed means.

title: Volar plate versus k-wire fixation of XXXX .

answer: @entity1