abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sleep and @entity3 have a close relationship. About 20% of @entity0 suffer @entity4 only during the night, approximately 40% only during the day and approximately 35% during the day and night. In @entity3 , the occurrence of @entity4 is strongly related to sleep or awakening. Infantile @entity9 appear predominately on awakening, and @entity5 is sometimes visible only in sleep. @entity0 with @entity6 or @entity3 with @entity7 (BECTS) have @entity4 mostly when asleep, and in both syndromes interictal spike waves are markedly accentuated in slow wave sleep. Electrical @entity2 during slow sleep/continuous spike wave discharges during sleep (ESES/CSWS), atypical benign partial @entity3 , and @entity13 are @entity3 with substantial behavioral and @entity1 , @entity4 , and continuous spike-wave activity during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. The hallmark of juvenile @entity10 and grand mal @entity4 on awakening are @entity4 symptoms within 2 hours after awakening, often provoked by @entity8 . @entity12 is sometimes mistaken for @entity11 . Differentiation is possible when the clinical symptoms and the frequency of the paroxysmal events per night and month are carefully observed and nocturnal video electroencephalography (EEG) performed. Sleep EEG recordings may be helpful in @entity0 with suspected @entity3 and nonconclusive awake EEG. Depending on the clinical question, sleep recordings should be performed during nap (natural sleep or drug induced), during the night, or after @entity8 .

title: Sleep and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Functional and @entity1 are common after nasal injuries and at times necessitate advanced surgery to reverse the effects of @entity2 . This study was designed to study the factors related to @entity2 and @entity0 parameters in influencing the acute management of nasal injuries and its outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: Nasal injuries from County Waterford in Southeast Ireland were referred to a new Cost-Neutral Nasal Fracture Clinic. The first 400 @entity0 from this prospective audit, referred to Waterford Regional Hospital from August 2009 through December 2010, were included in this study. Twenty-one variables, including satisfaction scores using Visual Analog Scale (VAS), were studied. Data was obtained at each stage of management, from initial assessment in ears, nose, and throat (ENT) casualty to being seen and further reviewed in consultant-based specialty clinic. RESULTS: @entity0 outnumbered @entity0 72: 28, and the mean age was 26.89 (0.4 years-87 years). @entity0 presenting time to the ENT casualty after the injury ranged between 1 and 90 days (mean 10.5 days). The interval between injury and intervention was on an average 6.1 days. Accident (41%) and soccer (46%), among the sports group, were predominantly related to @entity2 . The overall satisfaction rate was 77.5% for breathing and 85.6% for cosmesis. One hundred twenty-seven (31.8%) @entity0 were referred to and managed from the septorhinoplasty clinic. Overall, 11% required septorhinoplasty. @entity0 satisfaction was seen in manipulation performed up to 5 weeks postinjury. CONCLUSION: Our databank is the largest prospectively studied series of nasal-fracture management from Ireland. The incidence of @entity3 in the southeast of Ireland is 0.37%. Age, gender, mode of injury, and type of sport influenced the satisfaction rates in this study. This type of service may not be practical in all ENT departments, but a regional center may be an idea worth considering. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2b. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Acute XXXX management: A prospective study and literature review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Three fractions extracted from Brucella possessing immunogenic activity were tested either as unique antigens or in combinations using various dose levels. Immunity in the @entity0 was tested one month after vaccination by the intraperitoneal administration of a virulent strain of @entity5 and the spleen count of Brucella 15 days after challenge. The brucellin protein fraction, the @entity1 reagent did not immunize the @entity0 and did not interfere with the immunization produced by the PG (cell wall PG extracted with @entity2 ) and @entity3 fractions. The PG fractions, extracted either from @entity5 (PG-F8) or from @entity4 (PG-F7), conferred good dose-dependent immunity used on their own. The @entity3 fraction ( @entity4 ) on its own also conferred good immunity but the dose-response curve was less regular. Immunity induced by either fraction was not affected by the presence of an oil adjuvant. Various dose-ratio combinations of PG and @entity3 were studied with respect to their interactions in three successive factorial experiments. The interactions were consistently significant and largely negative. According to the dose of each fraction and the ratio, the immunity was either equivalent to that produced by the most active fraction in the combination (no additive effect) or less (antagonism). The antagonism between two vaccinal fractions extracted from the same bacteria pleads in favour of purified vaccines.

title: Antagonism between two immunogens extracted from Brucella (cell wall peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide fractions) and inactivity of the brucellin allergen in immunization of the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Heparins are broadly used for the prevention and treatment of @entity3 and @entity4 . Yet, @entity1 is considered to be a severe side effect in up to one third of all @entity0 on long-term treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying this clinical problem are only partially understood. To investigate if heparin affects differentiation of skeletal precursors, we examined the effects of heparin on the osteogenic and adipogenic lineage commitment and differentiation of primary @entity0 bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs). Due to the known inverse relationship between adipogenesis and osteogenesis and the capacity of pre-differentiated cells to convert into the respective other lineage, we also determined heparin effects on osteogenic conversion and adipogenic differentiation/conversion. Interestingly, heparin did not only significantly increase mRNA expression and enzyme activity of the osteogenic marker @entity2 ( @entity2 ), but it also promoted mineralization during osteogenic differentiation and conversion. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of the osteogenic marker @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was enhanced. In addition, heparin administration partly prevented adipogenic differentiation and conversion demonstrated by reduced lipid droplet formation along with a decreased expression of adipogenic markers. Moreover, luciferase reporter assays, inhibitor experiments and gene expression analyses revealed that heparin had putative permissive effects on osteogenic signaling via the @entity6 pathway and reduced the mRNA expression of the Wnt pathway inhibitors @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and sclerostin ( @entity8 ). Taken together, our data show a rather supportive than inhibitory effect of heparin on osteogenic hBMSC differentiation and conversion in vitro. Further studies will have to investigate the net effects of heparin administration on bone formation versus bone resorption in vivo to unravel the molecular mechanisms of heparin-associated @entity1 and reconcile conflicting experimental data with clinical observations.

title: Heparin affects XXXX bone marrow stromal cell fate: Promoting osteogenic and reducing adipogenic differentiation and conversion.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The series included 52 @entity0 with @entity2 stress @entity3 of the stomach and duodenum seen at the Mayo Clinic during a 25-year period. All @entity0 underwent operation for control of @entity2 that was unresponsive to intensive medical therapy. All @entity3 were superficial and occurred during clinically stressful circumstances. No @entity0 had a history or findings suggestive of pre-existing peptic @entity3 or imbibation of ulcerogenic substances. Overall operative mortality was 54%, and this rate seemed to be related to multiple factors acting together; @entity0 with multiple predisposing stress factors and those requiring large transfusion volumes (greater than 17 total units) were at greatest risk of @entity1 . Fifty-two @entity0 underwent 60 operative procedures for control of @entity2 . Of the 60 procedures, 23 (38%) failed to prevent rebleeding. Of the 28 @entity0 who died, six (21%) died of @entity2 and five (18%) died of @entity2 as one of many contributing factors. Of eight different procedures performed, near-total to total gastrectomy was the single procedure that was most effective in controlling @entity2 . The authors support the selection of rapid intervention and generous extirpative surgery once intensive medical measures fail to control @entity2 .

title: The surgical management of bleeding stress XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathological process of left ventricular (LV) @entity7 is associated with left atrial (LA) remodeling. This study was aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of LA strain parameters in @entity0 with pathological @entity8 . METHODS: This study included 95 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity9 : n  =  24), @entity6 (HCM: n  =  56), @entity3 (CA: n  =  15), and control subjects (n  =  20). We used two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to analyze LA global strain. LA electromechanical conduction time (EMT) at the septal (EMT-septal) and lateral wall (EMT-lateral), and their time difference (EMT-diff) were calculated. The incidence of @entity2 and @entity4 hospitalization was defined as major @entity3 and that of @entity5 as secondary outcome. RESULTS: Left atrial volume index was increased and LA booster strain was decreased in the HCM and CA groups compared with the @entity9 group. EMT-lateral was increased in the diseased groups compared with the control. EMT-diff was prolonged in the CA group compared with the HCM group. During the follow-up period (mean 3.4  years), major @entity3 and @entity5 occurred in 17 and 13 @entity0 , respectively. The occurrence of @entity5 was associated with CA etiology, E/e', LA volume index, LAa, and EMT-lateral. The incidence of major @entity3 was independently correlated with LA volume index and EMT-diff in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that the EMT-diff could discriminate @entity0 with a high risk of @entity3 among @entity0 with pathological @entity8 .

title: Characteristics of Left Atrial Deformation Parameters and Their Prognostic Impact in @entity0 with Pathological XXXX : Analysis by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pathological process of left ventricular (LV) @entity7 is associated with left atrial (LA) remodeling. This study was aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of LA strain parameters in @entity0 with pathological @entity8 . METHODS: This study included 95 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity9 : n  =  24), @entity6 (HCM: n  =  56), @entity3 (CA: n  =  15), and control subjects (n  =  20). We used two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) to analyze LA global strain. LA electromechanical conduction time (EMT) at the septal (EMT-septal) and lateral wall (EMT-lateral), and their time difference (EMT-diff) were calculated. The incidence of @entity2 and @entity4 hospitalization was defined as major @entity3 and that of @entity5 as secondary outcome. RESULTS: Left atrial volume index was increased and LA booster strain was decreased in the HCM and CA groups compared with the @entity9 group. EMT-lateral was increased in the diseased groups compared with the control. EMT-diff was prolonged in the CA group compared with the HCM group. During the follow-up period (mean 3.4  years), major @entity3 and @entity5 occurred in 17 and 13 @entity0 , respectively. The occurrence of @entity5 was associated with CA etiology, E/e', LA volume index, LAa, and EMT-lateral. The incidence of major @entity3 was independently correlated with LA volume index and EMT-diff in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that the EMT-diff could discriminate @entity0 with a high risk of @entity3 among @entity0 with pathological @entity8 .

title: Characteristics of Left Atrial Deformation Parameters and Their Prognostic Impact in XXXX with Pathological @entity8 : Analysis by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. Cardiac haemodynamics were studied in 14 male @entity0 with phaeochromocytoma, in comparison with 33 normal male subjects and 65 males with essential @entity2 . 2. At the time of investigation, seven @entity0 with phaeochromocytoma were @entity2 and seven were normotensive. Cardiac output was within normal limits. Total peripheral resistance was elevated in the @entity2 @entity0 . Heart rate was elevated both in the normotensive and in the @entity2 @entity0 , but decreased after surgical treatment. 3. The relationships between blood volume and blood pressure and between blood volume and cardiac output were the same as those observed in the control groups. 4. During tilt, a predominant @entity4 was observed and was associated with @entity1 and impaired adaptation of total peripheral resistance during tilt, indicating inadequate arteriolar and venous reflexes. 5. The study suggested that, except for @entity3 , the haemodynamic pattern of @entity0 with phaeochromocytoma and with essential @entity2 was nearly the same.

title: Haemodynamics in XXXX with phaeochromocytoma.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity has been associated with poor prognosis in @entity0 . However, most previous studies examined populations with relatively low proportions of @entity2 @entity1 . Given that forecasts predict @entity2 rates to exceed 50% by 2030, it is important to examine @entity0 outcomes in populations with higher rates of @entity2 . We hypothesized that @entity2 , as measured by body mass index (BMI), is associated with decreased overall survival and disease-free survival in @entity1 with @entity0 in a population with a high prevalence of @entity2 . METHODS: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was conducted on @entity1 treated for @entity0 at an academic medical center between 1997 and 2013. BMI was calculated from each @entity1 's height and weight at the time of diagnosis. @entity1 were categorized as normal (BMI <25  kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI 25-30  kg/m(2)), or @entity2 (BMI >30  kg/m(2)), as per the definitions established by the World Health Organization. The end points of overall survival and disease-free survival were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 523 @entity1 with @entity0 were included for analysis. Based on BMI, 87 (16%) were categorized as normal, 150 (29%) were overweight, and 286 (55%) were @entity2 . The median follow-up was 49  mo. There were 16 deaths (18.4%) in normal @entity1 , 25 (16.7 %) in overweight @entity1 , and 45 (15.7%) in @entity2 @entity1 (P  =  0.84). By Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, there were no differences in overall survival (P  =  0.49) or in disease-free survival (P  =  0.33) among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is not associated with decreased overall or disease-free survival in a @entity1 population with a high prevalence of @entity2 . These findings suggest that there may be other factors that contribute to the poor prognosis of @entity0 @entity1 observed in populations with lower rates of @entity2 .

title: XXXX outcomes in a population with high prevalence of @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity has been associated with poor prognosis in @entity0 . However, most previous studies examined populations with relatively low proportions of @entity2 @entity1 . Given that forecasts predict @entity2 rates to exceed 50% by 2030, it is important to examine @entity0 outcomes in populations with higher rates of @entity2 . We hypothesized that @entity2 , as measured by body mass index (BMI), is associated with decreased overall survival and disease-free survival in @entity1 with @entity0 in a population with a high prevalence of @entity2 . METHODS: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was conducted on @entity1 treated for @entity0 at an academic medical center between 1997 and 2013. BMI was calculated from each @entity1 's height and weight at the time of diagnosis. @entity1 were categorized as normal (BMI <25  kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI 25-30  kg/m(2)), or @entity2 (BMI >30  kg/m(2)), as per the definitions established by the World Health Organization. The end points of overall survival and disease-free survival were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 523 @entity1 with @entity0 were included for analysis. Based on BMI, 87 (16%) were categorized as normal, 150 (29%) were overweight, and 286 (55%) were @entity2 . The median follow-up was 49  mo. There were 16 deaths (18.4%) in normal @entity1 , 25 (16.7 %) in overweight @entity1 , and 45 (15.7%) in @entity2 @entity1 (P  =  0.84). By Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, there were no differences in overall survival (P  =  0.49) or in disease-free survival (P  =  0.33) among the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is not associated with decreased overall or disease-free survival in a @entity1 population with a high prevalence of @entity2 . These findings suggest that there may be other factors that contribute to the poor prognosis of @entity0 @entity1 observed in populations with lower rates of @entity2 .

title: @entity0 outcomes in a population with high prevalence of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) contributes considerably to knee @entity2 symptoms. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of a PFJ-targeted exercise, education manual-therapy and taping program compared to @entity2 education alone, in @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: A randomised, @entity0 -blinded and assessor-blinded clinical trial was conducted in primary-care physiotherapy. 92 @entity0 aged >= 40 years with symptomatic and radiographic @entity4 participated. Physiotherapists delivered the PFJ-targeted exercise, education, manual-therapy and taping program, or the @entity2 (control condition) in eight sessions over 12 weeks. Primary outcomes at 3-month (primary) and 9-month follow-up: (1) @entity0 -perceived global rating of change (2) @entity1 visual analogue scale (VAS) (100  mm); and (3) activities of daily living (ADL) subscale of the @entity3 and @entity2 Outcome Score (KOOS). RESULTS: 81 @entity0 (88%) completed the 3-month follow-up and data analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. Between-group baseline similarity for @entity0 characteristics was observed. The exercise, education, manual-therapy and taping program resulted in more @entity0 reporting much improvement (20/44) than the @entity2 group (5/48) (number needed to treat 3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2 to 5)) and greater @entity1 reduction (mean difference:  -15.2  mm, 95% CI  -27.0 to  -3.4). No significant effects on ADL were observed (5.8; 95% CI  -0.6 to 12.1). At 9 months there were no significant effects for self-report of improvement, @entity1 (-10.5  mm, 95% CI  -22.7 to 1.8) or ADL (3.0, 95% CI  -3.7 to 9.7). CONCLUSION: Exercise, education, manual-therapy and taping can be recommended to improve short-term @entity0 rating of change and @entity1 severity. However over 9-months, both options were equivalent. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12608000288325): https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=82878.

title: Exercise, education, manual-therapy and taping compared to education for XXXX : a blinded, randomised clinical trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nowadays, passive sampling is a widely applied technique to determine freely dissolved aqueous concentrations of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), such as @entity1 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Crucial to the measurements are sampler-water partition coefficients, which are generally determined in the laboratory under "standard conditions" (in freshwater at 20   C). Theoretically, however, the coefficients are dependent on environmental conditions, such as temperature and salinity. Yet, there are insufficient experimental data in the scientific literature to prove this for different polymers. Several polymers are already being applied during field monitoring, however, and neglecting any effects may lead to imprecise results. In the present study, we therefore quantified the effects of temperature and salinity on the sampler-water partition coefficients of @entity2 and @entity3 for @entity0 rubber, a material used in Dutch passive sampling monitoring campaigns. The results demonstrated a chemical-specific and hydrophobicity-dependent temperature effect, being independent of salinity, and a chemical- and temperature-independent salinity effect. Based on the obtained data, location-specific @entity0 rubber-water partition coefficients (Ksr-w; adjusted for temperature and salinity) can be calculated. The impact of applying such location-specific values was demonstrated using the Dutch passive sampling field monitoring database, covering ten years of PAH and @entity4 data for several locations. Adjusting the Ksr-w values resulted in aqueous concentrations that were lowered by a factor of 1.6 on average. The reduction was rather constant because of the manner of sampling (under nonequilibrium conditions and using performance reference compounds) and calculating. When sampling under equilibrium conditions in seawater at temperatures at about freezing, and/or applying different calculation approaches, the adjustment effect can potentially increase up to a factor of about 5-6 for the more hydrophobic @entity2 and @entity3 . Although this study exclusively focused on @entity0 rubber, qualitatively the results will also apply to other passive sampling materials.

title: Quantifying the Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Partitioning of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals to XXXX Rubber Passive Samplers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: When an incurable fetal condition is detected, some @entity0 (or couples) would rather choose to continue with the pregnancy than opt for termination of pregnancy for medical reasons, which, in France, can be performed until full term. Such situations are frequently occurring and sometimes leading to the implementation of neonatal palliative care. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the practices of perinatal care french professionals in this context; to identify the potential obstacles that might interfere with the provision of an appropiate neonatal palliative care; and, from an opposite perspective, to determine the criteria that led, in some cases, to offer this type of care for prenatally diagnosed lethal abnormality. METHODS: We used an email survey sent to 434 maternal-fetal medicine specialists (MFMs) and fetal care pediatric specialists (FCPs) at 48 @entity1 ( @entity1 ). RESULTS: Forty-two @entity1 (87.5%) took part. In total, 102 MFMs and 112 FCPs completed the survey, yielding response rate of 49.3%. One quarter of professionals (26.2%) estimated that over 20% of fetal pathologies presenting in @entity1 could correspond to a diagnosis categorized as lethal (FCPs versus MFMs: 24% vs 17.2%, p = 0.04). The mean proportion of fetal abnormalities eligible for palliative care at birth was estimated at 19.30% (   2.4) (FCPs versus MFMs: 23.4% vs 15.2%, p = 0.029). The degree of diagnostic certainty appears to be the most influencing factor (98.1%, n = 207) in the information provided to the pregnant @entity0 with regard to potential neonatal palliative care. The vast majority of professionals, 92.5%, supported considering the practice of palliative care as a regular option to propose antenatally. CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals the clear need for training perinatal professionals in perinatal palliative care and for the standardization of practices in this field.

title: Barriers in Referring Neonatal XXXX to Perinatal Palliative Care: A French Multicenter Survey.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: i-Scan is a novel virtual chromoendoscopy system designed to enhance surface and vascular patterns to improve optical diagnostic performance. Numerous prospective studies have been done to evaluate the accuracy of i-Scan in differentiating @entity1 from non-neoplasms. i-Scan could be an effective endoscopic technique for optical diagnosis of @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: Our aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of published data to establish the diagnostic accuracy of i-Scan for optical diagnosis of @entity3 . METHODS: We searched PubMed, Medline, Elsevier ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library databases. We used a bivariate meta-analysis following a random effects model to summarize the data and plotted hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic (HSROC) curves. The area under the HSROC curve (AUC) serves as an indicator of the diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS: The meta-analysis included a total of 925 @entity0 and 2312 @entity2 . For the overall studies, the area under the HSROC curve was 0.96. The summary sensitivity was 90.4% (95%CI 85%-94.1%) and specificity was 90.9% (95%CI 84.3%-94.9%). In 11 studies predicting @entity2 histology in real-time, the summary sensitivity and specificity was 91.5% (95%CI 85.7%-95.1%) and 92.1% (95%CI 84.5%-96.1%), respectively, with the AUC of 0.97. For three different diagnostic criteria (Kudo, NICE, others), the sensitivity was 86.3%, 93.0%, 85.0%, respectively and specificity was 84.8%, 94.4%, 91.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic diagnosis with i-Scan has accurate optical diagnostic performance to differentiate neoplastic from non-neoplastic @entity2 with an area under the HSROC curve exceeding 0.90. Both the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing @entity3 are over 90%.

title: Accuracy of i-Scan for Optical Diagnosis of XXXX : A Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 was used to treat 131 out of 250 @entity0 with @entity4 over 10 years. Other antimicrobial agents were given to the 119 remaining @entity0 . Thirty-seven @entity0 were @entity3 before antibiotic treatment was started. @entity3 developed during treatment in 38 out of 112 @entity0 given @entity6 (34%) and in two out of 101 @entity0 given other antimicrobials. The incidence of @entity3 was higher in @entity0 given @entity6 intravenously (48%) rather than by mouth (13%). @entity3 appeared within 48 hours after the administration of @entity6 in 93% of these cases. When the drug was stopped serum @entity2 concentrations fell to normal values within four days in those @entity0 in whom they had been previously normal and who survived the bacteraemic episode. @entity6 was associated with increasing @entity3 in 13 of 19 @entity0 (68%) @entity3 before it was given. In six out of 32 @entity0 who developed @entity3 while receiving intravenous @entity6 serum alkaline phosphatase activity was raised suggestive of @entity5 . The mechanism in the remaining @entity0 was unknown. @entity6 , particularly the intravenous preparation, in invaluable in treating severe @entity4 but should be used with caution in @entity0 with @entity1 . @entity0 receiving intravenous @entity6 should be given the oral form of the drug as soon as their clinical condition permits.

title: @entity4 , @entity6 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 was used to treat 131 out of 250 @entity0 with @entity4 over 10 years. Other antimicrobial agents were given to the 119 remaining @entity0 . Thirty-seven @entity0 were @entity3 before antibiotic treatment was started. @entity3 developed during treatment in 38 out of 112 @entity0 given @entity6 (34%) and in two out of 101 @entity0 given other antimicrobials. The incidence of @entity3 was higher in @entity0 given @entity6 intravenously (48%) rather than by mouth (13%). @entity3 appeared within 48 hours after the administration of @entity6 in 93% of these cases. When the drug was stopped serum @entity2 concentrations fell to normal values within four days in those @entity0 in whom they had been previously normal and who survived the bacteraemic episode. @entity6 was associated with increasing @entity3 in 13 of 19 @entity0 (68%) @entity3 before it was given. In six out of 32 @entity0 who developed @entity3 while receiving intravenous @entity6 serum alkaline phosphatase activity was raised suggestive of @entity5 . The mechanism in the remaining @entity0 was unknown. @entity6 , particularly the intravenous preparation, in invaluable in treating severe @entity4 but should be used with caution in @entity0 with @entity1 . @entity0 receiving intravenous @entity6 should be given the oral form of the drug as soon as their clinical condition permits.

title: @entity4 , XXXX , and @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity6 was used to treat 131 out of 250 @entity0 with @entity4 over 10 years. Other antimicrobial agents were given to the 119 remaining @entity0 . Thirty-seven @entity0 were @entity3 before antibiotic treatment was started. @entity3 developed during treatment in 38 out of 112 @entity0 given @entity6 (34%) and in two out of 101 @entity0 given other antimicrobials. The incidence of @entity3 was higher in @entity0 given @entity6 intravenously (48%) rather than by mouth (13%). @entity3 appeared within 48 hours after the administration of @entity6 in 93% of these cases. When the drug was stopped serum @entity2 concentrations fell to normal values within four days in those @entity0 in whom they had been previously normal and who survived the bacteraemic episode. @entity6 was associated with increasing @entity3 in 13 of 19 @entity0 (68%) @entity3 before it was given. In six out of 32 @entity0 who developed @entity3 while receiving intravenous @entity6 serum alkaline phosphatase activity was raised suggestive of @entity5 . The mechanism in the remaining @entity0 was unknown. @entity6 , particularly the intravenous preparation, in invaluable in treating severe @entity4 but should be used with caution in @entity0 with @entity1 . @entity0 receiving intravenous @entity6 should be given the oral form of the drug as soon as their clinical condition permits.

title: XXXX , @entity6 , and @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A total of 813 @entity0 admitted to Roswell Park Memorial Institute from 1963--1972 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were reviewed for gastrointestinal (GI) involvement. Primary involvement was found in 71 and secondary involvement in 31 @entity0 . Occult GI involvement was detected in 46% of the autopsy cases. The median survival time after the diagnosis of secondary GI involvement was nine months. The occurrence of primary @entity3 was: 33 in the stomach, 18 in the small intestine, 14 in the ileocecal area including appendix, and 6 in the large intestine. Retrospective staging according to the Ann Arbor staging classification showed 24 to have presented as Stage I, 30 as Stage II, 4 as Stage III, and 13 as Stage IV. The primary diagnostic and therapeutic approach was operative, except in 2 @entity0 with @entity2 . Resection of the principally involved site was carried out in 42 @entity0 . The remainder had palliative procedures or biopsy examinations only. Postoperative radiation therapy was given to 38 @entity0 . Prognostically important features for primary @entity3 were: stage; histologic type; site of the @entity1 ; and whether or not radiotherapy was administered. The age of the @entity0 , size or degree of local extension, and type of operative procedure were prognostically of no importance. The results of this study would indicate that in Stage I and II primary @entity3 , elective resection is not necessary prior to radiation therapy and that resection alone cannot be considered adequate treatment. A modified staging classification is proposed.

title: Gastrointestinal involvement in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The primary aim of our meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (c-tDCS) on sensory and @entity1 thresholds ( @entity4 and @entity2 ) in healthy individuals and @entity1 level (PL) in @entity0 with @entity3 . Electronic databases were searched for c-tDCS studies. Methodological quality was evaluated using the PEDro and Downs and Black (D_B) assessment tools. C-tDCS of the primary motor cortex (S1) increases both @entity4 (P<0.001, effect size of 26.84%) and @entity2 (P<0.001, effect size of 11.62%). In addition, c-tDCS over M1 led to @entity4 increase (P<0.005, effect size of 30.44%). Likewise, PL decreased significantly in the @entity0 group following application of c-tDCS. The small number of studies precluded subgroup analysis. Nevertheless, meta-analysis showed that in all groups (except c-tDCS of S1) active c-tDCS and sham stimulation produced significant differences in @entity4 / @entity2 in healthy and PL in @entity0 group. This review provides evidence for the site-specific effectiveness of c-tDCS in increasing @entity4 / @entity2 in healthy individuals and decreasing PL in @entity0 with @entity3 . However, due to small sample sizes in the included studies, our results should be interpreted with caution. Given that the level of blinding was not considered in the inclusion criteria, the results of the current study should be interpreted with caution.

title: A Meta-Analysis of Site-Specific Effects of Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Sensory Perception and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To develop a neural-network based autocontouring algorithm for intrafractional @entity1 tracking using Linac-MR and evaluate its performance with phantom and in-vivo MR images. METHODS: An autocontouring algorithm was developed to determine both the shape and position of a @entity1 from each intrafractional MR image. A pulse-coupled neural network was implemented in the algorithm for contrast improvement of the @entity2 region. Prior to treatment, to initiate the algorithm, an expert user needs to contour the @entity2 and its maximum anticipated range of motion in pretreatment MR images. During treatment, however, the algorithm processes each intrafractional MR image and automatically generates a @entity2 contour without further user input. The algorithm is designed to produce a @entity2 contour that is the most similar to the expert's manual one. To evaluate the autocontouring algorithm in the author's Linac-MR environment which utilizes a 0.5 T MRI, a motion phantom and four @entity1 @entity0 were imaged with 3 T MRI during normal breathing, and the image noise was degraded to reflect the image noise at 0.5 T. Each of the pseudo-0.5 T images was autocontoured using the author's algorithm. In each test image, the Dice similarity index (DSI) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) between the expert's manual contour and the algorithm generated contour were calculated, and their centroid positions were compared (  dcentroid). RESULTS: The algorithm successfully contoured the shape of a moving @entity2 from dynamic MR images acquired every 275 ms. From the phantom study, mean DSI of 0.95-0.96, mean @entity3 of 2.61-2.82 mm, and mean   dcentroid of 0.68-0.93 mm were achieved. From the in-vivo study, the author's algorithm achieved mean DSI of 0.87-0.92, mean @entity3 of 3.12-4.35 mm, as well as   dcentroid of 1.03-1.35 mm. Autocontouring speed was less than 20 ms for each image. CONCLUSIONS: The authors have developed and evaluated a @entity1 autocontouring algorithm for intrafractional @entity2 tracking using Linac-MR. The autocontouring performance in the Linac-MR environment was evaluated using phantom and in-vivo MR images. From the in-vivo study, the author's algorithm achieved 87%-92% of contouring agreement and centroid tracking accuracy of 1.03-1.35 mm. These results demonstrate the feasibility of @entity1 autocontouring in the author's laboratory's Linac-MR environment.

title: Neural-network based autocontouring algorithm for intrafractional XXXX tracking using Linac-MR.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Intrathoracic @entity5 after intended curative resection for @entity2 in the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction has a negative impact on long-term survival. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an @entity5 was associated with an increased recurrence rate. METHODS: This nationwide study included consecutively collected data on @entity0 undergoing curative surgical resection with intrathoracic @entity4 , alive 8 weeks postoperatively, between 2003 and 2011. @entity0 with incomplete resection, or metastatic disease intraoperatively, were excluded. Only biopsy-proven recurrences were accepted. RESULTS: In total, 1085 @entity0 were included. The frequency of @entity5 was 8.6%. The median follow-up time was 29 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 13-58 months). Overall, 369 (34%) @entity0 had disease recurrence, of which 346 @entity0 died of recurrent @entity3 . Twenty-three @entity0 were alive with recurrence at the censoring date. In the study period, 333 @entity0 died without signs of recurrent disease. The overall median time to recurrence was 66 weeks (IQR: 38-109 weeks). Distant @entity1 were found in 267 (25%), and local disease recurrence in 102 (9%) @entity0 . Overall, 5-year disease-free survival in @entity0 with leakage was 27%, versus 39% in those without leakage (P = .017). @entity5 was independently associated with higher risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-2.29, P = .004) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.23-2.05, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Intrathoracic @entity5 increased the risk of recurrence in @entity0 who underwent curative @entity2 resection.

title: Intrathoracic XXXX after @entity2 resection is associated with increased risk of recurrence.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Intrathoracic @entity5 after intended curative resection for @entity2 in the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction has a negative impact on long-term survival. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an @entity5 was associated with an increased recurrence rate. METHODS: This nationwide study included consecutively collected data on @entity0 undergoing curative surgical resection with intrathoracic @entity4 , alive 8 weeks postoperatively, between 2003 and 2011. @entity0 with incomplete resection, or metastatic disease intraoperatively, were excluded. Only biopsy-proven recurrences were accepted. RESULTS: In total, 1085 @entity0 were included. The frequency of @entity5 was 8.6%. The median follow-up time was 29 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 13-58 months). Overall, 369 (34%) @entity0 had disease recurrence, of which 346 @entity0 died of recurrent @entity3 . Twenty-three @entity0 were alive with recurrence at the censoring date. In the study period, 333 @entity0 died without signs of recurrent disease. The overall median time to recurrence was 66 weeks (IQR: 38-109 weeks). Distant @entity1 were found in 267 (25%), and local disease recurrence in 102 (9%) @entity0 . Overall, 5-year disease-free survival in @entity0 with leakage was 27%, versus 39% in those without leakage (P = .017). @entity5 was independently associated with higher risk of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-2.29, P = .004) and all-cause mortality (HR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.23-2.05, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: Intrathoracic @entity5 increased the risk of recurrence in @entity0 who underwent curative @entity2 resection.

title: Intrathoracic @entity5 after XXXX resection is associated with increased risk of recurrence.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity4 ) is a natural compound that has been investigated as a chemopreventative agent. @entity4 has been shown to suppresses ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced @entity2 ( @entity2 ) protein expression and reduce the incidence of UVB-induced @entity1 in @entity0 . Despite @entity4 's promise as a therapeutic agent, minimal information is available to guide the progression of formulations designed for future drug development. Here, data is presented describing the solid-state and solution characterization of @entity4 . Investigation into the solid-state properties of @entity4 identified four different crystal forms, two hydrates ( @entity4 I and @entity4 II) and two metastable forms ( @entity4 IA and @entity4 IIA). From solubility studies, it was evident that all forms are very insoluble (<5  g/ml) in pure water. @entity4 I was found to be the most stable form at 23, 35, and 56  C. Stability determination indicated that @entity4 undergoes rapid apparent first-order degradation under basic pH conditions, and that degradation was influenced by buffer species. Apparent first-order degradation was also seen when @entity4 was introduced to an oxidizing solution. Improved stability was achieved after introducing 0.1% antioxidants to the solution. @entity4 was found to have good stability following exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which is a consideration for topical applications. Finally, a partitioning study indicated that @entity4 possess a log P of 2.94 which, along with its solid-state properties, contributes to its poor aqueous solubility. Both the solid-state properties and solution stability of @entity4 are important to consider when developing future formulations.

title: Solid-State and Solution Characterization of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 is a severe injury. Even in cases of an early uncomplicated repositioning there is a high risk of associated intra-articular injuries, such as lesions of the labrum, ruptures of the ligament of the head of the femur and loose bodies. The degree of damage caused by @entity5 becomes apparent with a highly increased risk of developing @entity4 after @entity5 . Some of the major @entity1 resulting from @entity5 , e.g. loose bodies, can be detected by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and can be effectively addressed by hip arthroscopy, thus aiming at reducing the acute symptoms and the risk of @entity4 . The force effect which causes @entity5 can generate severe associated extra-articular injures as in the case described with an unstable @entity3 of the pelvis. This @entity2 had to be considered while planning the operative therapy and rehabilitation. A @entity0 presented after a traffic accident with a luxatio obturatoria on the right side and a complex @entity3 of the left pelvis including the posterior ring and the anterior wall of the acetabulum. After reposition of the right hip and operative therapy of the left side, a loose body was identified in the right hip joint during the computed tomography control of the osteosynthesis. Before @entity0 mobilization extraction of the @entity7 was performed arthroscopically. This was done in consideration of the reduced possibility of distraction due to the osteosynthesis on the contralateral side. Attention was particularly paid to the risk of intra-abdominal fluid extravasation (IAFE). This syndrome is described as a severe complication during hip arthoscopy especially in cases of defects of the hip capsule as assumed after @entity5 and magnetic resonance imaging.

title: [Hip arthroscopy after luxatio obturatoria. With contralateral unstable pelvic ring XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inguinal hernias account for 75% of abdominal wall hernias, with a lifetime risk of 27% in @entity0 and 3% in @entity0 . Major complications are recurrence, @entity7 , and @entity5 , but their frequency is low. Few studies have reported a calcified mesh causing @entity2 by chronic compression of the femoral nerve after mesh _ plug @entity4 . This is the first report of laparoscopic plug removal for femoral colic due to femoral nerve irritation cause by a calcified plug after mesh _ plug @entity4 . CASE PRESENTATION: In July 2013, a 53-year-old @entity0 presented to our hospital with a chief complaint of @entity3 in the left lower limb while walking. The @entity0 had undergone @entity4 about 10 years earlier and reported no @entity7 after the operation. Physical examination revealed a @entity3 exacerbated by left thigh movement, especially during flexion, but the @entity0 was @entity3 -free at rest and had no sensory loss. Axial computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed that the inward-projecting plug was extremely close to the femoral nerve. Because of the radicular symptoms and the absence of orthopedic and @entity8 , we strongly suspected that the @entity1 was associated with the previous @entity6 operation and advised exploratory laparotomy, which revealed the plug bulging inward into the abdominal cavity. Moreover, the tip of the plug was firmly calcified and compressing the femoral nerve, which lay just beneath the plug, especially during hip flexion. We explanted the plug and his @entity3 resolved after the operation. The @entity0 remains @entity3 free after 20 months of follow up. CONCLUSION: In this study, laparoscopic hernioplasty proved useful for plug removal because laparoscopic instruments can easily grasp perilesional tissue, and laparoscopic approach has the benefit of isolating the plug for removal while preserving the onlay patch, and helpful for restoring peritoneal defects. Laparoscopic plug removal effectively resolved @entity3 in the left thigh due to compression of the femoral nerve by a calcified plug.

title: Laparoscopic plug removal for femoral nerve XXXX after mesh _ plug hernioplasty.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Pulmonary-specific Quality-of-Life Scale (PQLS) was developed to measure quality of life (QoL) among @entity0 awaiting lung transplant. The objective of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the PQLS, identify empirically derived sub-scales, and examine ability to detect changes in pulmonary-specific QoL scores after lung transplantation. METHODS: Data were derived from the INSPIRE trial, a dual-site randomized controlled trial of coping skills training in 389 lung transplant candidates (obstructive [48.3%], restrictive [24.2%], cystic @entity2 [13.6%], and other [13.9%]). Cronbach alpha was calculated to assess the internal reliability of the PQLS (n = 388). Test-retest reliability was assessed with correlation coefficients between baseline and 12-week post-baseline scores for the usual care control condition (n = 140). Convergent validity was assessed with correlation coefficients between the PQLS and established measures of @entity3 , 6-minute walk test distance, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and use of supplemental @entity1 at rest (n = 388). Change from baseline to 6 months post-transplantation was assessed with repeated measures analysis of variance (n = 133). RESULTS: The PQLS was internally reliable and stable across 12 weeks. The PQLS correlated strongly with QoL measures (e.g., Shortness of Breath Questionnaire, r = 0.78, p < 0.0001), moderately with mood and @entity4 (e.g., Beck Depression Inventory-II, r = 0.59, p < 0.0001), and modestly with @entity5 severity (e.g., 6-minute walk test, r = -0.41, p < 0.0001). PQLS scores improved by nearly 2 SDs after transplant. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated the reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change of the PQLS for measuring pulmonary QoL among @entity0 with @entity5 and the responsiveness of the PQLS to changes in QoL after lung transplantation.

title: Development and psychometric properties of the Pulmonary-specific Quality-of-Life Scale in lung transplant XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity0 is the most common female @entity3 . The aim of this study was to assess the impact of yoga on @entity4 in @entity0 survivors. DESIGN: Repeated measures before and after the intervention. We enrolled 15 @entity1 with @entity0 who had not previously worn elastic clothing to treat @entity4 . METHODS: The program was led by a certified trainer and consisted of 60-minute sessions, three times a week for 12 weeks. The volumes of the affected and normal limbs were measured. A self-assessed @entity2 score was also recorded. FINDINGS: Fifteen @entity1 completed the program, none of whom suffered from complications related to exercise. There was no significant @entity2 after exercise. No significant differences were noted in subgroup analysis by age or the affected arm. CONCLUSIONS: Yoga does not induce @entity4 . CLINICAL RELEVANCE: @entity4 is usually treated with uncomfortable elastic clothing, and high-resistance exercise may induce @entity2 . Yoga may be suitable for these @entity1 .

title: The Effects of Upper Limb Exercise Through Yoga on Limb Swelling in Chinese XXXX Survivors - A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 loci comprise heterogeneous cell populations with diverse cellular secretions. Therefore, disseminating @entity0 -associated protein antigens from tissue lysates could only be marginally correct, if otherwise not validated against precise standards. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 2DE proteomic profiles were examined from lysates of 13 lung- @entity1 tissue samples and matched against the A549 cell line proteome. A549 matched- @entity0 -specific hits were analyzed and characterized by MALDI-TOF/MS. RESULTS: Comparative analysis identified a total of 13 protein spots with differential expression. These proteins were found to be involved in critical cellular functions regulating @entity3 metabolism, @entity4 pathway and integrin signaling. Gene ontology based analysis classified majority of protein hits responsible for metabolic processes. Among these, only a single non-predictive protein spot was found to be a @entity0 cell specific hit, identified as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Pathway reconstruction studies showed that @entity5 lies at the centre of @entity0 metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS: The findings in this report are suggestive of a regulatory role of @entity5 in control of proliferation and @entity2 .

title: Comparative proteomics and global genome-wide expression data implicate role of XXXX in lung cancer.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple index of systemic inflammatory response, and has been shown to be a prognostic indicator in some types of @entity1 . @entity2 has been implicated in the initiation and progression of @entity3 . The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of NLR with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and different benign thyroid pathologies like @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the neutrophil, lymphocyte counts and NLR calculated from these parameters of 232 @entity0 with histologically confirmed as @entity5 (group @entity5 ) (n=70), @entity6 (group @entity6 ) (n=97), @entity6 with @entity7 (group @entity6 - @entity7 ) (n=25) and @entity7 (group @entity7 ) (n=40). The optimal cut-off value for NLR was determined. RESULTS: NLR level was significantly higher in groups @entity6 - @entity7 and @entity7 as compared to groups @entity5 and @entity6 (p<0.05). NLR of @entity6 subgroups according to TSH levels were not different (p>0.05). When we grouped the @entity0 as benign and malignant according to @entity7 presence, the optimum NLR cut-off point obtained from ROC analysis was 1.91 (sensitivity 89.0% and specificity 54.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Since NLR was significantly elevated in group @entity6 - @entity7 and group @entity7 , NLR value may give an opinion as a potential marker in differentiation of benign and @entity4 . For this purpose a cut-off value of 1.91 for NLR may be accepted.

title: May the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio be a predictor in the differentiation of different XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Some studies suggest that even in euthyroid subjects, thyroid function may affect @entity4 factors. We aimed to determine whether @entity7 or thyroid autoantibodies are associated with arterial stiffness in middle-aged and elderly Chinese subjects with euthyroidism. A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in Nanjing, China. A total of 812 euthyroid subjects (mean age [56.75      8.34] years; 402 @entity0 ) without @entity3 and major @entity4 factors were included. Clinical factors, oral @entity2 tolerance test results, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) results, and serum levels of lipids, free @entity5 (FT3), free @entity6 (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid autoantibodies were measured. Arterial stiffness was assessed using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). In Pearson correlation analyses, baPWV correlated inversely with FT4 (r  =  -0.146, P  <  0.001), but not with FT3 (r  =  0.008, P  =  0.816) or TSH (r  =  0.055, P  =  0.118). Subsequently, a multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed a significant and independent association of FT4 with baPWV in euthyroid subjects (b  =  -0.076, P  =  0.005). After adjusting for potential cardiovascular risk factors, mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP), HOMA-IR, and baPWV levels decreased across increasing FT4 quartiles (DBP, P  <  0.001; HOMA-IR, P  <  0.001; baPWV, P  =  0.003). No difference in baPWV was observed between the positive and the negative thyroid antibody groups (15.23      3.30  m/s vs. 15.73      3.05  m/s, P  >  0.05). FT4 levels were inversely associated with arterial stiffness in euthyroid subjects. A prospective study is warranted to validate whether subjects with low-normal FT4 levels have a high incidence of @entity1 .

title: Low serum free XXXX concentrations associate with increased arterial stiffness in euthyroid subjects: a population-based cross-sectional study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The rate of @entity4 correlates with the @entity3 's diameter, and a higher rate of @entity2 is observed in @entity0 with larger @entity3 . According to the literature, contradictory results concerning the relationship between atmospheric pressure and @entity3 size have been reported. AIM: In this paper, we assessed the influence of changes in atmospheric pressure on abdominal @entity5 in relationship to the @entity3 's size. METHODS: The records of 223 @entity0 with @entity5 were evaluated. All of the @entity0 had been admitted to the department in the period 1997-2007 from the Silesia region. The atmospheric pressures on the day of the @entity2 and on the days both before the @entity2 and between the @entity2 events were compared. The size of the @entity3 was also considered in the analysis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in pressure between the days of @entity2 and the remainder of the days within an analysed period. The highest frequency of the admission of @entity0 with a @entity4 was observed during periods of winter and spring, when the highest mean values of atmospheric pressure were observed; however, this observation was not statistically confirmed. A statistically non-significant trend towards the higher @entity2 of large @entity3 (> 7 cm) was observed in the cases where the pressure increased between the day before the @entity2 and the day of the @entity2 . This trend was particularly pronounced in @entity0 suffering from @entity1 (p = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that there is a direct link between atmospheric pressure values and @entity4 .

title: The influence of atmospheric pressure on @entity4 - is the diameter of the XXXX important?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The rate of @entity4 correlates with the @entity3 's diameter, and a higher rate of @entity2 is observed in @entity0 with larger @entity3 . According to the literature, contradictory results concerning the relationship between atmospheric pressure and @entity3 size have been reported. AIM: In this paper, we assessed the influence of changes in atmospheric pressure on abdominal @entity5 in relationship to the @entity3 's size. METHODS: The records of 223 @entity0 with @entity5 were evaluated. All of the @entity0 had been admitted to the department in the period 1997-2007 from the Silesia region. The atmospheric pressures on the day of the @entity2 and on the days both before the @entity2 and between the @entity2 events were compared. The size of the @entity3 was also considered in the analysis. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in pressure between the days of @entity2 and the remainder of the days within an analysed period. The highest frequency of the admission of @entity0 with a @entity4 was observed during periods of winter and spring, when the highest mean values of atmospheric pressure were observed; however, this observation was not statistically confirmed. A statistically non-significant trend towards the higher @entity2 of large @entity3 (> 7 cm) was observed in the cases where the pressure increased between the day before the @entity2 and the day of the @entity2 . This trend was particularly pronounced in @entity0 suffering from @entity1 (p = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that there is a direct link between atmospheric pressure values and @entity4 .

title: The influence of atmospheric pressure on XXXX - is the diameter of the @entity3 important?

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: We aimed to retrospectively assess the long-term safety and efficacy of embolization of renal arteries ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) before renal transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between January 2008 and November 2013, 82 @entity4 procedures were performed on 76 kidneys in 73 @entity0 (mean age 53 years, range: 34-72). All @entity0 had @entity2 and were under dialysis and on the renal transplant waiting list with a temporary contraindication due to excessive renal volume. RESULTS: @entity4 was considered successful in 89.5% (68/76) of embolized kidneys, meaning that the temporary contraindication for transplantation could be withdrawn for 65 @entity0 (on average 5.6 months, range: 2.8-24.3, after @entity4 ). Mean volume reduction was 40 (range: 2-69) at 3 months and 59% (35-86) thereafter (both p   <   0.001). @entity3 occurred after 15 of 82 procedures (18.3%). The severe complication rate was 4.9%. Forty-three (67.7%) transplantations were successfully conducted after @entity4 , with a mean follow-up of 26.2 months (range: 1.8-59.5), and the estimated 5-year graft survival rate was 95.3% [95% CI: 82.7-98.8]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 is a safe and effective alternative to nephrectomy before renal transplantation in @entity0 with @entity1 . KEY POINTS:     Embolization of non-functioning polycystic kidneys allowed transplantation in 89.5% of cases.     Technical failure rate was 7.9% after embolization, irrespective of the technique used.     @entity3 occurred after 18.3% of the procedures.     A low rate of severe complications (4.9%) was observed after renal embolization.

title: Embolization of renal arteries before transplantation in @entity0 with XXXX : a single institution long-term experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We aimed to retrospectively assess the long-term safety and efficacy of embolization of renal arteries ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) before renal transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between January 2008 and November 2013, 82 @entity4 procedures were performed on 76 kidneys in 73 @entity0 (mean age 53 years, range: 34-72). All @entity0 had @entity2 and were under dialysis and on the renal transplant waiting list with a temporary contraindication due to excessive renal volume. RESULTS: @entity4 was considered successful in 89.5% (68/76) of embolized kidneys, meaning that the temporary contraindication for transplantation could be withdrawn for 65 @entity0 (on average 5.6 months, range: 2.8-24.3, after @entity4 ). Mean volume reduction was 40 (range: 2-69) at 3 months and 59% (35-86) thereafter (both p   <   0.001). @entity3 occurred after 15 of 82 procedures (18.3%). The severe complication rate was 4.9%. Forty-three (67.7%) transplantations were successfully conducted after @entity4 , with a mean follow-up of 26.2 months (range: 1.8-59.5), and the estimated 5-year graft survival rate was 95.3% [95% CI: 82.7-98.8]. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 is a safe and effective alternative to nephrectomy before renal transplantation in @entity0 with @entity1 . KEY POINTS:     Embolization of non-functioning polycystic kidneys allowed transplantation in 89.5% of cases.     Technical failure rate was 7.9% after embolization, irrespective of the technique used.     @entity3 occurred after 18.3% of the procedures.     A low rate of severe complications (4.9%) was observed after renal embolization.

title: Embolization of renal arteries before transplantation in XXXX with @entity1 : a single institution long-term experience.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recently several authors have reported that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) might provide a new understanding of sciatica. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical feasibility of DTI for the evaluation of lumbar spinal nerve of @entity0 with sciatica associated with @entity1 . Thirty-four @entity0 (25 @entity0 , mean age63. 3years) with @entity2 , 14 @entity0 with @entity5 with @entity3 , 12 with @entity5 without @entity3 , five with @entity4 , and one with spondylolysis who underwent 3.0T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and surgical treatment were included in the present study. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was calculated from an FA map, and tractography was investigated. In asymptomatic nerves, tractography showed all L3-S1 spinal nerve roots clearly. Abnormalities of tractography were classified into three types by shape; "Disrupted", "Narrowing", and "Tapering". More abnormalities of tractography were found in @entity0 with @entity5 , and especially in @entity0 with @entity3 . The disrupted type was the most common. The mean FA of entrapped symptomatic nerves was less than seen on the intact side. This study demonstrates that tractography shows abnormal findings for nerve roots in lumbar spinal degeneration and that FA decreases in symptomatic roots. DTI may offer not only morphological evaluation, but also quantitative evaluation. We believe that DTI can be used as a tool for the diagnosis of lumbar @entity1 .

title: Diffusion tensor imaging of lumbar spinal nerve in subjects with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Biomarkers are a promising tool for the management of @entity0 with @entity4 , but their variation is largely unknown. We assessed within-subject and between-subject biological variation of biomarkers in @entity9 ( @entity9 ) @entity0 and healthy controls, and defined which biomarkers have a favorable variation profile for future studies. METHODS: Prospective, parallel-group cohort study, including 62 @entity0 with stable @entity9 (79% @entity0 , 65  7years) and 18 healthy control subjects (44% @entity0 , 57  7years). Blood samples were taken at baseline, and after 3-, 6-, and 12-months. We calculated within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) coefficients of variation and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: Mean levels of D-dimer, hs-CRP, @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity11 , @entity7 , sICAM-1, and sP-selectin levels were higher in @entity9 @entity0 than in healthy controls (P <=.05 for all). CVI and CVG of the different biomarkers varied considerably in both groups. An ICC>= 0.5 (indicating moderate-to-good reliability) was found for hs-CRP, D-Dimer, @entity10 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity6 , oxLDL, sICAM-1 and sP-selectin in both groups, for sVCAM in healthy controls and for @entity5 , @entity7 and sCD40L in @entity9 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Single biomarker measurements are of limited utility due to large within-subject variation, both in @entity9 @entity0 and healthy subjects. D-dimer, hs-CRP, @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity7 , sP-selectin and sICAM-1 are biomarkers with both higher mean levels in @entity9 @entity0 and a favorable variation profile making them most suitable for future studies.

title: Biological variation of established and novel biomarkers for XXXX : Results from a prospective, parallel-group cohort study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 are constantly exposed to airborne Aspergillus spores. Most develop Aspergillus-specific antibodies by adulthood. @entity0 with @entity4 or Aspergillus airway colonization often have raised levels of Aspergillus-specific immunoglobululin G (IgG). It is not known whether this signifies an increased risk of future @entity5 . Chronic and allergic forms of @entity3 are estimated to affect over three million people worldwide. Antibody testing is central to diagnosis of these conditions, with raised Aspergillus-specific IgG in chronic @entity3 and raised Aspergillus-specific IgE in @entity2 . Antibody levels are also used to monitor treatment response in these syndromes. Acute @entity1 is less common. There is a more limited role for antibody testing in this setting as immunosuppression often results in delayed or absent antibody response. Many methods exist to detect Aspergillus-specific antibodies, but there are limited published data regarding comparative efficacy and reproducibility. We discuss the comparative merits of the available tests in the various clinical settings and their suitability for use in the resource-poor settings where the majority of cases of @entity5 are thought to occur. We summarize the gaps in existing knowledge and opportunities for further study that could allow optimal use of antibody testing in this field.

title: Antibody testing in XXXX -quo vadis?

answer: @entity5


abstract: The present series consists of 18 consecutive @entity0 with @entity5 operated on between 1977 and 1979 using the transfrontal route. Ten @entity3 were 10, 20 or 30 times the normal maximum size of the pituitary measured according to Di Chiro and Nelson's (2) index (Table 2). @entity1 without obvious suprasellar growth were operated on using the trans-sphenoidal route and thus are not included in the present series. Large and @entity5 are preferably removed by the transfrontal route and using microsurgical techniques. Really poor vision associated with @entity1 seem to improve but not to normal level. @entity4 stays blind. @entity2 returns to normal (Table 4). Prolactin values associated with @entity6 are extremely high and may remain raised even after apparently radical extirpation. @entity1 -containing sellar crypts associated with these large @entity1 may be responsible for this observation. Postoperative radiotherapy and @entity7 administration therefore seem advisable. Further operations may be necessary on @entity0 with extensive posterior or lateral growths. Redundant partially intraosseous @entity1 fragments may be more easily removed later, possibly owing to the beneficial effects of radiation therapy. It is hoped that large and @entity3 in the future will pass into history, even in the peripheral parts of the world. The trans-sphenoidal approach is always a better solution than the transfrontal approach whenever it can be carried out, but it requires earlier diagnosis.

title: Surgery on XXXX in @entity0 in a subarctic region.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The present series consists of 18 consecutive @entity0 with @entity5 operated on between 1977 and 1979 using the transfrontal route. Ten @entity3 were 10, 20 or 30 times the normal maximum size of the pituitary measured according to Di Chiro and Nelson's (2) index (Table 2). @entity1 without obvious suprasellar growth were operated on using the trans-sphenoidal route and thus are not included in the present series. Large and @entity5 are preferably removed by the transfrontal route and using microsurgical techniques. Really poor vision associated with @entity1 seem to improve but not to normal level. @entity4 stays blind. @entity2 returns to normal (Table 4). Prolactin values associated with @entity6 are extremely high and may remain raised even after apparently radical extirpation. @entity1 -containing sellar crypts associated with these large @entity1 may be responsible for this observation. Postoperative radiotherapy and @entity7 administration therefore seem advisable. Further operations may be necessary on @entity0 with extensive posterior or lateral growths. Redundant partially intraosseous @entity1 fragments may be more easily removed later, possibly owing to the beneficial effects of radiation therapy. It is hoped that large and @entity3 in the future will pass into history, even in the peripheral parts of the world. The trans-sphenoidal approach is always a better solution than the transfrontal approach whenever it can be carried out, but it requires earlier diagnosis.

title: Surgery on @entity5 in XXXX in a subarctic region.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND:    Throughout Asia, there is an unprecedented link between @entity3 and @entity4 with the @entity5 Opisthorchis viverrini. Multiple processes, including chronic @entity2 and secretion of parasite proteins into the biliary epithelium, @entity1 . Until now, the mechanism and effects of parasite protein entry into cholangiocytes was unknown. METHODS:    Various microscopy techniques were used to identify O. viverrini extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their internalization by @entity0 cholangiocytes. Using mass spectrometry we characterized the EV proteome and associated changes in cholangiocytes after EV uptake, and we detected EV proteins in bile of infected hamsters and @entity0 . Cholangiocyte proliferation and interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion was measured to assess the impact of EV internalization. RESULTS:    EVs were identified in fluke culture medium and bile specimens from infected hosts. EVs internalized by cholangiocytes drove cell proliferation and IL-6 secretion and induced changes in protein expression associated with endocytosis, wound repair, and @entity1 . Antibodies to an O. viverrini tetraspanin blocked EV uptake and IL-6 secretion by cholangiocytes. CONCLUSIONS:    This is the first time that EVs from a multicellular pathogen have been identified in host tissues. Our findings imply a role for O. viverrini EVs in pathogenesis and highlight an approach to vaccine development for this @entity1 .

title: Carcinogenic XXXX Secretes Extracellular Vesicles That Promote Cholangiocytes to Adopt a Tumorigenic Phenotype.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) comprise a group of heterogenous @entity1 that are caused by the mutation of various genes involved in @entity3 biosynthesis, @entity7 cluster biogenesis, or mitochondrial solute transport or metabolism. However, approximately 40% of @entity0 with CSA have not been found to have pathogenic gene mutations. In this study, we systematically analyzed the mutation profile in 10 Chinese @entity0 with sporadic CSA. FINDINGS: We performed targeted deep sequencing analysis in ten @entity0 with CSA using a panel of 417 genes that included known @entity8 -related genes. Mitochondrial genomes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing with a mitochondria enrichment kit and the HiSeq2000 sequencing platform. The results were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The @entity9 mutation was detected in one @entity0 . @entity6 mutations were detected in three @entity0 , including three novel mutations. Mitochondrial DNA deletions were detected in two @entity0 . No disease-causing mutations were detected in four @entity0 . CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, the @entity5 -effective mutation @entity10 of @entity9 , the compound heterozygous mutation @entity11 , @entity12 , and the homozygous mutation @entity13 of @entity6 were found for the first time. Our findings add to the number of reported cases of this rare disease and to the CSA pathogenic mutation database. Our findings expand the phenotypic profile of mitochondrial DNA deletion mutations. This work also demonstrates the application of a @entity4 assay and targeted capture sequencing for the genetic screening analysis and diagnosis of heterogenous genetic CSA.

title: Mutation analysis of XXXX by targeted capture sequencing.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cross-talk between synovial fibroblasts (SF) and immune cells is suggested to play a crucial role in @entity3 and chronification of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The contribution of B cells in this process is poorly defined. METHODS: Here, primary B cells from healthy donors were polyclonally activated and cocultured with SF of non-synovitic origin from @entity0 with @entity7 . RESULTS: In B-SF cocultures the concentrations of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and @entity9 increased manifold compared with single cultures even under physical separation and remained stable for several days after B-cell removal. Intracellular staining confirmed SF as key producers of @entity8 and @entity9 , and B cells as main producers of @entity1 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity5 ) and @entity10  . Blocking experiments with a combination of anti- @entity5 -antibodies and @entity14 significantly reduced SF cytokine production by up to 90%, suggesting that B-cell-derived @entity5 and @entity10   were crucial mediators of SF activation. Interestingly, B-cell cytokine production, @entity12 expression and proliferation decreased in cocultures by at least 50%, demonstrating a negative regulatory loop towards the activated B cells. Inhibition of @entity13 , a crucial component of the @entity1 growth factor    (TGF  ) signalling pathway, partly restored B-cell proliferation, suggesting a contribution of SF-derived TGF   in B-cell suppression. Besides cytokines, B-cell-activated SF also upregulated secretion of matrix metalloproteases such as @entity11 , thereby acquiring potential tissue destructive properties. This was confirmed by their invasion into @entity0 cartilage in the severe combined @entity6 @entity2 fibroblast invasion model in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Interaction with activated B cells leads to conversion of non-arthritic SF into SF with a proinflammatory and aggressive @entity4 -like phenotype, thereby suggesting a new, so far unrecognised role for B cells in @entity4 pathogenesis.

title: Activated XXXX B cells induce inflammatory fibroblasts with cartilage-destructive properties and become functionally suppressed in return.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe probabilities and characteristics of disease flares in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and to identify clinical features associated with an increased risk of flare. METHODS: We studied @entity0 in the Research in @entity1 in Canadian @entity0 emphasizing Outcomes (ReACCh-Out) prospective inception cohort. A flare was defined as a recurrence of disease manifestations after attaining inactive disease and was called significant if it required intensification of treatment. Probability of first flare was calculated with Kaplan-Meier methods, and associated features were identified using Cox regression. RESULTS: 1146 @entity0 were followed up a median of 24   months after attaining inactive disease. We observed 627 first flares (54.7% of @entity0 ) with median active joint count of 1, physician global assessment (PGA) of 12   mm and duration of 27   weeks. Within a year after attaining inactive disease, the probability of flare was 42.5% (95% CI 39% to 46%) for any flare and 26.6% (24% to 30%) for a significant flare. Within a year after stopping treatment, it was 31.7% (28% to 36%) and 25.0% (21% to 29%), respectively. A maximum PGA >30   mm, maximum active joint count >4, rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive @entity1 , antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and receiving disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or biological agents before attaining inactive disease were associated with increased risk of flare. Systemic @entity2 was associated with the lowest risk of flare. CONCLUSIONS: In this real-practice @entity2 cohort, flares were frequent, usually involved a few swollen joints for an average of 6   months and 60% led to treatment intensification. @entity0 with a severe disease course had an increased risk of flare.

title: The risk and nature of flares in XXXX : results from the ReACCh-Out cohort.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: With the legalization of recreational marijuana in many states, we anticipate more @entity0 will be using and self-reporting marijuana use in pregnancy. @entity3 is the most common illicit drug used in pregnancy, with a prevalence of use ranging from 3% to 30% in various populations. @entity3 freely crosses the placenta and is found in breast milk. It may have adverse effects on both perinatal outcomes and fetal neurodevelopment. Specifically, marijuana may be associated with fetal growth restriction, @entity5 , and @entity2 . However, data are far from uniform regarding adverse perinatal outcomes. Existing studies are plagued by confounding by @entity1 and other drug exposures as well as sociodemographic factors. In addition, there is a lack of quantification of marijuana exposure by the trimester of use and a lack of corroboration of maternal self-report with biological sampling, which contributes to the heterogeneity of study results. There is an emerging body of evidence indicating that marijuana may cause problems with neurological development, resulting in @entity6 , poor cognitive function, and changes in dopaminergic receptors. In addition, contemporary marijuana products have higher quantities of @entity4 than in the 1980s when much of the marijuana research was completed. The effects on the pregnancy and fetus may therefore be different than those previously seen. Further research is needed to provide evidence-based counseling of @entity0 regarding the anticipated outcomes of marijuana use in pregnancy. In the meantime, @entity0 should be advised not to use marijuana in pregnancy or while lactating.

title: XXXX use in pregnancy and lactation: a review of the evidence.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association between commonly used @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and plasma lipid levels in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: We sought observational studies that reported association between commonly used @entity2 and plasma lipid levels in @entity0 . The primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity1 . High-density lipoprotein (HDL), total @entity1 and @entity3 were secondary outcomes. The control group included healthy controls, pre-treatment @entity0 or @entity0 treated with other @entity2 . We conducted a systematic search of major bibliographic databases and review of reference lists of primary articles and reviews. Primary comparisons of interest were: AED monotherapy vs. no AED use, monotherapy with one AED vs. other AED, and AED polytherapy vs. no AED use. RESULTS: 31 studies in 4126 @entity0 were identified. @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity5 were the most commonly studied drugs and were also implicated in causing considerable changes in plasma lipid levels in treated @entity0 . There was an increase in LDL and total @entity1 levels with use of these three drugs; however, @entity6 and @entity7 were also associated with higher levels of HDL. We could not identify one particular AED which was worse than the other in head-to-head comparison. We were unable to identify a particular polytherapy regimen that was worse than others. CONCLUSION: We found evidence to suggest that some @entity2 may negatively alter lipids levels in @entity0 with @entity2 . Both treating physicians and @entity0 with @entity2 need to be vigilant in managing their vascular risk factors to avoid @entity4 .

title: Antiepileptic drug use for treatment of XXXX and dyslipidemia: Systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Disagreement exists over the ability of different diagnostic tests to define obstruction, indications and timing of surgery and which @entity0 will benefit from surgical intervention in antenatal @entity2 (ANH) due to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We try to find a way to predict which @entity0 of ANH due to @entity3 will eventually need surgery during conservative management. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective single centre study involving 122 renal units at a referral centre in India. @entity0 on conservative management were followed using a standard protocol and operated for pre-defined indications defining failure of conservative management. @entity0 who underwent surgery were compared with the non-operated group in terms of sex, side, baseline grade of @entity2 , maximum anterioposterior diameter on first postnatal ultrasound and differential renal function on first renal scan. RESULTS: A total of 109 renal units qualified for conservative management. Of those, 23.9% required operative intervention during follow-up. Median time to failure of conservative management was 37 weeks. The median follow-up of non-operated cases was 54 months. Univariate analysis revealed that society of fetal urology (SFU) grade of @entity2 , anteroposterior diameter (APD), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and pre-operative differential renal function (DRF) had a significant association with surgery (P  <  0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed APD and  pre-operative DRF as the only independent predictors for requiring surgery, while @entity1 and initial SFU grade of @entity2 were not. Receiver operating curve analysis showed that an APD of 24.3 mm could predict the need for surgery, with a sensitivity of 73.1% and a specificity of 88.0%. CONCLUSIONS: APD and DRF are the predictive factors for surgery. We stop short of recommending surgery only on the basis of APD. Instead we recommend that efforts be made to improve the specificity of this criterion, or by using APD in perspective with the differential renal function. We can reduce the burden of investigations in those with APD <24  mm while those with APD >24  mm can be more comprehensively monitored.

title: Predictors for the need of surgery in antenatally detected XXXX due to UPJ obstruction - A prospective multivariate analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Molecular tools for detection of low-density asymptomatic @entity3 infections are needed in @entity1 elimination efforts. This study reports results from the hitherto largest implementation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for centralized mass screening of asymptomatic @entity1 in Zanzibar. METHODS: Healthy individuals present and willing to participate in randomly selected households in 60 villages throughout Zanzibar were screened for @entity1 by @entity2 ( @entity2 ). In 50% of the study households, @entity0 were asked to provide 60  L of finger-prick blood for additional LAMP screening. LAMP was conducted in two centralized laboratories in Zanzibar, by trained technicians with limited or no previous experience of molecular methods. The LAMP assay was performed with Loopamp(TM) MALARIA Pan/Pf Detection Kit (Eiken Chemical Company, Japan). Samples positive for @entity3 genus (Pan)-LAMP were re-tested using @entity3 -specific LAMP kits. RESULTS: Paired @entity2 and LAMP samples were available from 3983 individuals. The prevalence of asymptomatic @entity1 was 0.5% (CI 95% 0.1-0.8) and 1.6% (CI 95% 1.1-2.2) by @entity2 and Pan-LAMP, respectively. LAMP detected 3.4 (CI 95% 2.2-5.2) times more @entity3 positive samples than @entity2 . DNA contamination was experienced, but solved by repetitive decontamination of all equipment and reagents. CONCLUSIONS: LAMP is a simple and sensitive molecular tool, and has potential in active surveillance and mass-screening programmes for detection of low-density asymptomatic @entity1 in pre-elimination settings. However, in order to deploy LAMP more effectively in field settings, protocols may need to be adapted for processing larger numbers of samples. A higher throughput, affordable closed system would be ideal to avoid contamination.

title: Field deployment of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for centralized mass-screening of asymptomatic XXXX in Zanzibar: a pre-elimination setting.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In the repair of @entity3 of the descending thoracic aorta, interruption of aortic flow has usually been accomplished by cardiopulmonary bypass, which has been associated with excessive @entity6 due to the systemic heparinization required. To avoid this problem, the authors have used an external (Gott @entity3 ) shunt, which does not require systemic heparinization. In 50 @entity0 with an @entity3 of the descending thoracic aorta a Gott @entity3 shunt was used as an external bypass. The shunt is a flexible, transparent, @entity9 tube and its heparin-coated wall prevents clotting. Forty-two (84%) @entity0 survived the operation. Thirty-two @entity0 had surgical repair of a traumatic rupture of the descending aorta; 29 (91%) survived. Of 18 @entity0 operated on for an arteriosclerotic @entity3 or a DeBakey type III dissection 13 (72%) survived. Most of the @entity2 occurred early in the series; among the last 14 @entity0 treated for an arteriosclerotic @entity3 or dissection 13 (93%) survived. @entity4 occurred once (2%) because a shunt was accidentally introduced outside the lumen of the descending aorta and therefore did not function. Another @entity0 with an acutely transected aorta and @entity6 had rapid cross-clamping of the aorta without a shunt but suffered a @entity8 due to postclamping @entity5 . He was successfully resuscitated. No @entity7 , @entity4 or @entity1 occurred in the 48 @entity0 properly protected with the Gott @entity3 shunt. Regardless of their etiology, thoracic @entity3 are unpredictable and the authors recommend surgical treatment in most @entity0 , using this external bypass technique as a method of organ protection.

title: XXXX of the descending thoracic aorta: treatment with the Gott shunt.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a worldwide emerging pest of soft fruits, but its cold tolerance has not been thoroughly explored. We determined the cold tolerance strategy, low temperature thermal limits, and @entity1 of cold tolerance in both male and female adult D. suzukii. We reared flies under common conditions (long days, 21  C; control) and induced @entity1 by @entity3 ( @entity3 , 1h at 0  C followed by 1h recovery), cold acclimation (CA, 5days at 6  C) or acclimation under @entity2 ( @entity2 ). D. suzukii had supercooling points (SCPs) between -16 and -23  C, and were chill-susceptible. 80% of control flies were killed after 1h at -7.2  C (males) or -7.5  C (females); CA and @entity2 improved survival of this temperature in both sexes, but @entity3 did not. 80% of control flies were killed after 70h (male) or 92h (female) at 0  C, and @entity2 shifted this to 112h (males) and 165h (females). @entity2 flies entered chill coma (CTmin) at approximately -1.7  C, which was ca. 0.5  C colder than control flies; @entity3 and CA increased the CTmin compared to controls. Control and @entity3 flies exposed to 0  C for 8h took 30-40min to recover movement, but this was reduced to <10min in CA and @entity2 . Flies placed outside in a field cage in London, Ontario, were all killed by a transient cold snap in December. We conclude that adult phenotypic @entity1 is not sufficient to allow D. suzukii to overwinter in temperate habitats, and suggest that flies could overwinter in association with built structures, or that there may be additional cold tolerance imparted by developmental @entity1 .

title: Adult @entity1 of cold tolerance in a continental-temperate population of XXXX suzukii.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a worldwide emerging pest of soft fruits, but its cold tolerance has not been thoroughly explored. We determined the cold tolerance strategy, low temperature thermal limits, and @entity1 of cold tolerance in both male and female adult D. suzukii. We reared flies under common conditions (long days, 21  C; control) and induced @entity1 by @entity3 ( @entity3 , 1h at 0  C followed by 1h recovery), cold acclimation (CA, 5days at 6  C) or acclimation under @entity2 ( @entity2 ). D. suzukii had supercooling points (SCPs) between -16 and -23  C, and were chill-susceptible. 80% of control flies were killed after 1h at -7.2  C (males) or -7.5  C (females); CA and @entity2 improved survival of this temperature in both sexes, but @entity3 did not. 80% of control flies were killed after 70h (male) or 92h (female) at 0  C, and @entity2 shifted this to 112h (males) and 165h (females). @entity2 flies entered chill coma (CTmin) at approximately -1.7  C, which was ca. 0.5  C colder than control flies; @entity3 and CA increased the CTmin compared to controls. Control and @entity3 flies exposed to 0  C for 8h took 30-40min to recover movement, but this was reduced to <10min in CA and @entity2 . Flies placed outside in a field cage in London, Ontario, were all killed by a transient cold snap in December. We conclude that adult phenotypic @entity1 is not sufficient to allow D. suzukii to overwinter in temperate habitats, and suggest that flies could overwinter in association with built structures, or that there may be additional cold tolerance imparted by developmental @entity1 .

title: Adult XXXX of cold tolerance in a continental-temperate population of @entity0 suzukii.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Western diets are high in fat and @entity4 and can influence behavior and gut microbiota. There is growing evidence that altering the microbiome can influence the brain and behavior. This study was designed to determine whether diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota could contribute to alterations in @entity2 , @entity1 . Two-month-old, male C57BL/6 @entity0 were randomly assigned high-fat (42% fat, 43% @entity5 ( @entity3 ), high- @entity4 (12% fat, 70% @entity3 (primarily @entity4 ) or normal chow (13% kcal fat, 62% @entity3 ) diets. Fecal microbiome analysis, step-down latency, novel object and novel location tasks were performed prior to and 2weeks after diet change. Water maze testing for long- and short-term memory and @entity1 was conducted during weeks 5-6 post-diet change. Some similarities in alterations in the microbiome were seen in both the high-fat and high- @entity4 diets (e.g., increased Clostridiales), as compared to the normal diet, but the percentage decreases in Bacteroidales were greater in the high- @entity4 diet @entity0 . Lactobacillales was only significantly increased in the high- @entity4 diet group and Erysipelotrichales was only significantly affected by the high-fat diet. The high- @entity4 diet group was significantly impaired in early development of a spatial bias for long-term memory, short-term memory and reversal training, compared to @entity0 on normal diet. An increased focus on the former platform position was seen in both high- @entity4 and high-fat groups during the reversal probe trials. There was no significant effect of diet on step-down, exploration or novel recognitions. Higher percentages of Clostridiales and lower expression of Bacteroidales in high-energy diets were related to the poorer @entity1 in the reversal trials. These results suggest that changes in the microbiome may contribute to cognitive changes associated with eating a Western diet.

title: Relationships between diet-related changes in the gut microbiome and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 originating from the caudate lobe has a worse prognosis than other @entity4 in another segment of the liver. An isolated caudate lobe resection of the liver represents a significant technical challenge. Caudate lobe resection can be performed along with a lobectomy or as an isolated liver resection. There are very few reports about isolated caudate lobe liver resection. We report a case of successful isolated resection of @entity4 in the caudate lobe with excellent long-term survival. CLINICAL CASE: A 74 years old female with 8cm @entity2 in the caudate lobe without clinical or biochemical evidence of @entity5 , serum alpha-fetoprotein 3.7 U/l, and negative @entity3 serology was evaluated for surgery. Complete resection of the lesion in 270minutes with Pringle maneuver for 13minutes was satisfactorily performed. @entity0 was discharged ten days after surgery without complications. @entity0 is currently asymptomatic, without deterioration of liver function and 48 month @entity1 free survival after the procedure. CONCLUSION: Isolated caudate lobe resection is an uncommon but technically possible procedure. In order to achieve a successful resection, one must have a detailed knowledge of complete liver anatomy. @entity1 free margins must be obtained to provide long survival for these @entity0 who have a @entity1 in this anatomic location.

title: [ XXXX originated in the caudate lobe. Surgical strategy for resection. A propos of a case].

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background Simplified measures to quantify @entity2 ( @entity2 ) disease activity are increasingly used. The minimally clinically important differences (MCID) for some measures, such as the clinical disease activity index (CDAI), have not been well-defined in real-world clinic settings, especially for early @entity2 @entity0 with low/moderate disease activity. Methods Data from Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort @entity0 were used to examine absolute change in CDAI in the first year after enrollment, stratified by disease activity. MCID cutpoints were derived to optimize the sum of sensitivity and specificity versus the gold standard of @entity0 self-reported improvement or worsening. Specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values were calculated against @entity0 self-reported improvement (gold standard) and for change in @entity1 , HAQ and DAS28 improvement. Discrimination was examined using area under receiver operator curves (ROC). Similar methods were used to evaluate MCIDs for worsening for @entity0 who achieved low disease activity. Results A total of 578 @entity0 (mean (SD) age 54.1 (15.3) years; 75% @entity0 , median (IQR) disease duration 5.3 (3.3, 8.0) months) contributed 1169 visit pairs to the improvement analysis. The MCID cutpoints for improvement were 12 ( @entity0 starting in high disease activity, CDAI>22), 6 (moderate, CDAI 10-22), and 1 (low disease activity, CDAI <10). Performance characteristics were acceptable using these cutpoints for @entity1 , HAQ, and DAS28. The MCID for CDAI worsening among @entity0 who achieved low disease activity was 2 units. Conclusions These minimally important absolute differences in CDAI can be used to evaluate improvement and worsening and increase the utility of CDAI in clinical practice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Determining the minimally important difference in the clinical disease activity index for improvement and worsening in early XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Introduction   @entity7 ( @entity7 ) can be a cause of recurrent, severe, disabling @entity5 in @entity0 . Surgery has been suggested as a useful therapy, although experience is limited and the results unpredictable. We reviewed our experience of a two-stage protocol-preliminary endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and duct stenting, and if symptoms resolved, definitive surgical decompression by longitudinal pancreatojejunostomy (LPJ) (Puestow operation). @entity0 and Methods   This is a single-center, retrospective review of @entity0 with established @entity7 who underwent an LPJ between February 2002 and September 2012. A questionnaire was completed (incorporating @entity3 and lifestyle scores) to assess functional outcome. Data are expressed as median (range). Results   In this study, eight (M:F ratio of 4:4) @entity0 underwent an LPJ and one female @entity0 had a more limited pancreatojejunostomy @entity4 following preliminary ERCP and stent placement where possible. Diagnoses included @entity8 (n   =   3), idiopathic or structural @entity6 (n   =   5), and duct stricture following radiotherapy (n   =   1). Median duct diameter presurgery was 5 (4-11) mm. Endoscopic placement of a Zimmon pancreatic stent was possible in six with relief of symptoms in all. Median age at definitive surgery was 11 (range, 7-17) years with a median postoperative stay of 9 (range, 7-12) days and a follow-up of 6 (range, 0.5-12) years. All @entity0 reported markedly reduced episodes of @entity2 postprocedure. One developed @entity1 , while three had exocrine deficiency (fecal elastase   <   200   g/g) requiring enzyme supplementation. The @entity0 with limited LPJ had symptomatic recurrence and required restenting and further surgery to widen the @entity4 to become @entity2 free. Conclusion   ERCP and stenting provide a therapeutic trial to assess possible benefit of a definitive duct drainage procedure. LPJ-the modified Puestow operation was safe and complication-free with good medium-term relief of symptoms. We were not able to identify a consistent etiology-associated outcome.

title: Surgical Success in XXXX : Sequential Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography and Surgical Longitudinal Pancreatojejunostomy (Puestow Procedure).

answer: @entity7


abstract: This paper presents one major theme of findings from a doctorate study. The study used a narrative enquiry approach, to gather parenting narratives of adult @entity0 of parents with @entity1 . A Partnership Model for a Reflexive Narrative for @entity0 and Researcher (Partnership Model) was used to invite @entity0 into the study, while encouraging a space for reflection for both the adult @entity0 and researcher. In total, 13 adult @entity0 @entity0 constructed their narratives of living with childhood parental @entity1 , alongside their current parenting role. Their stories reflected childhood experiences of fear and emergence of mistrust of others, particularly their parent with @entity1 . For some @entity0 , fear and mistrust continued into adulthood. Many adult @entity0 reported their childhood experiences of feeling lonely and isolated. They felt unable to disclose their experiences of parental @entity1 to others. In addition, @entity0 were unable to access information about their parent's condition, leaving them feeling unprepared and unskilled, despite their childhood desire to help their parent. This furthermore, compounded their sense of fear and isolation. Early identification of @entity0 and families experiencing @entity1 is important to facilitate dialogue, psychoeducation and support. Social and health professionals have an important opportunity to enhance the social integration and support for families experiencing parental @entity1 , to reduce long-standing fear, isolation and mistrust.

title: Childhood parental XXXX : living with fear and mistrust.

answer: @entity1