abstract: @entity1 body composition is difficult to model because several factors affect the composition of the average daily gain (ADG) of growing animals. The objective of this study was to identify commercial single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels that could improve the predictability of days on feed (DOF) to reach a target United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) grade given animal, diet, and environmental information under feedyard conditions. The data for this study was comprised of crossbred heifers (n = 681) and steers (n = 836) from commercial feedyards. Eleven molecular breeding value ( @entity2 ) scores derived from SNP panels of candidate gene polymorphisms and two-leptin gene SNP (UASMS2 and E2FB) were evaluated. The empty body fat (EBF) and the shrunk body weight (SBW) at 28% EBF (AFSBW) were computed by the @entity1 Value Discovery System (CVDS) model using hip height (EBFHH and AFSBWHH) or carcass traits (EBFCT and AFSBWCT) of the animals. The DOFHH was calculated when AFSBWHH and ADGHH were used and DOFCT was calculated when AFSBWCT and ADGCT were used. The CVDS estimates @entity0 required (DMR) by individuals fed in groups when observed ADG and AFSBW are provided. The AFSBWCT was assumed more accurate than the AFSBWHH because it was computed using carcass traits. The difference between AFSBWCT and AFSBWHH, DOFCT and DOFHH, and DMR and @entity0 intake (DMI) were regressed on the @entity2 scores and leptin gene SNP to explain the variation. Our results indicate quite a large range of correlations among @entity2 scores and model input and output variables, but @entity2 ribeye area was the most strongly correlated with the differences in DOF, AFSBW, and DMI by explaining 8, 13.2 and 6.5%, respectively, of the variation. This suggests that specific @entity2 scores might explain additional variation of input and output variables used by nutritional models in predicting individual animal performance.

title: Integrating Genomics with Nutrition Models to Improve the Prediction of XXXX Performance and Carcass Composition under Feedlot Conditions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The proper functioning of the mesolimbic reward system is largely dependent on the neurotransmitter @entity2 . Recent evidence suggests that the hypocretin system has significant projections to this reward system. We examined the distinct effects of reduced @entity2 or reduced hypocretin levels on reward activity in @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity2 deficient, as well as @entity0 with @entity5 -cataplexy, hypocretin depleted, and healthy controls. @entity0 performed a simple game-like task while high-density electroencephalography was recorded. Topography and timing of event-related potentials for both reward cue, and reward feedback was examined across the entire dataset. While response to reward cue was similar in all groups, two distinct time points were found to distinguish @entity0 and controls for reward feedback. Around 160ms both @entity0 groups had reduced ERP amplitude compared to controls. Later at 250ms, both @entity0 groups also showed a clear event-related potential (ERP), which was absent in controls. The initial differences show that both @entity0 groups show a similar, blunted response to reward delivery. The second potential corresponds to the classic feedback-related negativity (FRN) potential which relies on @entity2 activity and reflects reward prediction-error signaling. In particular the mismatch between predicted reward and reward subsequently received was significantly higher in @entity4 compared to NC, independent of reward magnitude and valence. The intermediate FRN response in NC highlights the contribution of @entity6 in reward processing, yet also shows that this is not as detrimental to the reward system as in @entity1 . Furthermore, the inability to generate accurate predictions in NC may explain @entity3 mediates cataplexy triggered by both positive and negative emotions.

title: The Roles of @entity2 and XXXX in Reward: A Electroencephalographic Study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The proper functioning of the mesolimbic reward system is largely dependent on the neurotransmitter @entity2 . Recent evidence suggests that the hypocretin system has significant projections to this reward system. We examined the distinct effects of reduced @entity2 or reduced hypocretin levels on reward activity in @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity2 deficient, as well as @entity0 with @entity5 -cataplexy, hypocretin depleted, and healthy controls. @entity0 performed a simple game-like task while high-density electroencephalography was recorded. Topography and timing of event-related potentials for both reward cue, and reward feedback was examined across the entire dataset. While response to reward cue was similar in all groups, two distinct time points were found to distinguish @entity0 and controls for reward feedback. Around 160ms both @entity0 groups had reduced ERP amplitude compared to controls. Later at 250ms, both @entity0 groups also showed a clear event-related potential (ERP), which was absent in controls. The initial differences show that both @entity0 groups show a similar, blunted response to reward delivery. The second potential corresponds to the classic feedback-related negativity (FRN) potential which relies on @entity2 activity and reflects reward prediction-error signaling. In particular the mismatch between predicted reward and reward subsequently received was significantly higher in @entity4 compared to NC, independent of reward magnitude and valence. The intermediate FRN response in NC highlights the contribution of @entity6 in reward processing, yet also shows that this is not as detrimental to the reward system as in @entity1 . Furthermore, the inability to generate accurate predictions in NC may explain @entity3 mediates cataplexy triggered by both positive and negative emotions.

title: The Roles of XXXX and @entity6 in Reward: A Electroencephalographic Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Many chronic medical conditions are accompanied by @entity1 but these have only to a very limited extent been psychometrically quantified. An exception is liver @entity3 where @entity4 is an inherent risk and mild forms are diagnosed by psychometric tests. The preferred diagnostic test battery in @entity3 is often the Continuous Reaction Time (CRT) and the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) tests but the effect on these of other medical conditions is not known. We aimed to examine the effects of common chronic (non- @entity3 ) medical conditions on the CRT and @entity2 tests. We studied 15 @entity0 with @entity7 ( @entity7 ), 15 with end stage @entity5 (ESRF), 15 with @entity9 (DMII), 15 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and 15 healthy @entity0 . We applied the CRT test, which is a 10-min computerized test measuring sustained attention and reaction time stability and the @entity2 test, which is a paper-pencil test battery consisting of 5 subtests. We found that a high fraction of the @entity0 with @entity10 (7/15, p   =   0.006) had pathological CRT test results; and @entity8 @entity0 also frequently had an abnormal @entity2 test result (6/15, p   <   0.0001). Both tests were unaffected by ESRF and DMII. Half of the @entity0 with @entity7 or @entity8 had psychometrically measurable @entity1 , whereas those with ESRF or DMII had not. This adds to the understanding of the clinical consequences of chronic @entity6 , and implies that the psychometric tests should be interpreted with great caution in @entity3 @entity0 with heart- or lung comorbidity.

title: Effects of common chronic medical conditions on psychometric tests used to diagnose minimal XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many factors are involved in causing patellar instability or recurrent @entity2 . However, factors affecting the outcomes of anatomic medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction have not been fully documented. PURPOSE: To evaluate the rate of recurrent patellar instability after isolated MPFL reconstruction and to elucidate factors affecting the outcomes of isolated MPFL reconstruction using multivariable statistics. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: A total of 42 @entity0 (44 knees) who underwent isolated, anatomic MPFL reconstruction using a semitendinosus autograft without any additional patellar stabilization procedures for treating recurrent @entity2 were included in this study. All @entity0 were followed for more than 2 years; the mean follow-up period was 3.2 years (range, 2-9 years). Postoperative patellofemoral instability was diagnosed when the @entity0 complained of recurrent @entity2 or had a positive apprehension sign during follow-up. Preoperative radiographic findings were obtained using plain radiography and computed tomography. Femoral tunnel positions were assessed on postoperative radiographs. The strength of the relationship between postoperative patellofemoral instability and potential risk factors such as preoperative age, sex, body mass index, patellar type, sulcus angle, congruence angle, lateral tilt angle, patellar height, tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, degree of @entity1 , and femoral bone tunnel position were evaluated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: At follow-up, 2 knees had experienced a redislocation (4.5%). A positive apprehension sign was still evident in 8 knees (18.2%). Three factors, including the sulcus angle, the congruence angle, and @entity1 , were extracted by single linear regression analysis. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the sulcus angle (odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.01-1.22; P = .04) and @entity1 (OR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.39-6.63; P = .01) were associated with postoperative patellofemoral instability. @entity1 was independently associated with postoperative patellofemoral instability by multivariable logistic regression analysis (P < .05). An increased TT-TG distance exerted a significant effect on the outcomes of MPFL reconstruction, particularly in @entity0 with type D trochlea. CONCLUSION: Severe @entity1 is the most important predictor of residual patellofemoral instability after isolated MPFL reconstruction. In addition, an increased TT-TG distance affected the outcomes in @entity0 with type D trochlea. Additional patellar stabilization procedures should be considered for @entity0 with @entity1 and an increased TT-TG distance.

title: Factors Affecting the Outcomes of Double-Bundle Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for Recurrent XXXX Evaluated by Multivariate Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To analyze the clinical manifestations and genetic features of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity4 , and to evaluate speech performance after cochlear implantation (CI) in these @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: Individual retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Of 206 probands with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), we constructed a homogeneous cohort of 11 genetically documented @entity3 type III ( @entity6 ). Mutations affecting @entity6 were classified as extension (n = 2), truncation (n = 3), large genomic deletion (n = 2), or missense substitution (n = 4). Postoperative outcomes were rigorously assessed with focus on @entity6 genotypes and compared with 80 age-matched implantees without @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity2 in our cohort was prelingual in onset irrespective of degree. Serviceable hearing was obtained by wearing conventional hearing aids in three, and eight subjects required CI. No correlation was found between mutation types and @entity5 . As for the eight cochlear implantees, average Categories of Auditory Perception score was <1 preoperatively and 3.9 at 2 years post-CI. Speech performances improved over the first 3 months postoperatively in a manner comparable to implantees without @entity1 . However, it then tended to slow down until 1 year postoperatively, leading to worse scores at 2 years than implantees without @entity1 . Furthermore, this was more evident in those with a truncation or deletion mutation. CONCLUSIONS: CI surgeons should be aware that postoperative auditory performance may be not as good in @entity3 type III @entity0 as in @entity0 without @entity1 . In particular, our study implies that certain types of @entity6 mutations may have poorer prognoses than other types after CI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Clinical observations and molecular variables of @entity0 with XXXX and incomplete partition type III.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To analyze the clinical manifestations and genetic features of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity4 , and to evaluate speech performance after cochlear implantation (CI) in these @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: Individual retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Of 206 probands with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), we constructed a homogeneous cohort of 11 genetically documented @entity3 type III ( @entity6 ). Mutations affecting @entity6 were classified as extension (n = 2), truncation (n = 3), large genomic deletion (n = 2), or missense substitution (n = 4). Postoperative outcomes were rigorously assessed with focus on @entity6 genotypes and compared with 80 age-matched implantees without @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity2 in our cohort was prelingual in onset irrespective of degree. Serviceable hearing was obtained by wearing conventional hearing aids in three, and eight subjects required CI. No correlation was found between mutation types and @entity5 . As for the eight cochlear implantees, average Categories of Auditory Perception score was <1 preoperatively and 3.9 at 2 years post-CI. Speech performances improved over the first 3 months postoperatively in a manner comparable to implantees without @entity1 . However, it then tended to slow down until 1 year postoperatively, leading to worse scores at 2 years than implantees without @entity1 . Furthermore, this was more evident in those with a truncation or deletion mutation. CONCLUSIONS: CI surgeons should be aware that postoperative auditory performance may be not as good in @entity3 type III @entity0 as in @entity0 without @entity1 . In particular, our study implies that certain types of @entity6 mutations may have poorer prognoses than other types after CI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Clinical observations and molecular variables of XXXX with @entity2 and incomplete partition type III.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is mostly caused by vascular compression of the nerve's root entry zone due to an ectatic artery. Rarer causes include compression from @entity1 , @entity5 or @entity2 . @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are benign, aberrantly appearing venous structures that drain normal cerebral tissue. @entity4 are a rare etiology of @entity6 . The management of @entity6 caused by a @entity7 is controversial as disruption of the @entity7 can be catastrophic. Methods: We report a case of a young @entity0 with severe medically refractory @entity6 related to a brachium pontis @entity7 who was successfully treated by gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSR) to the trigeminal nerve. Results: Within 2 weeks of GKSR, the @entity0 reported experiencing 60% @entity3 relief; 5 years postoperatively, he remains @entity3 free with some mild sensory loss in the V2 and V3 areas. Conclusions: GKSR has an established role in the management of @entity6 . This is the first reported case of using GKSR to treat @entity6 caused by a @entity7 . In the setting of a @entity7 , GKSR should be an initial consideration for @entity6 therapy after medical failure because of the high surgical risk related to disrupting the @entity7 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia Caused by a XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Classification systems can be useful tools for clinical care and research but must be proven as reliable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Classification of Early Onset @entity2 (C- @entity3 ) scheme. METHODS: After IRB approval, 50 cases were drawn from a prospectively collected database of @entity0 with @entity3 . Cases were selected using a stratified randomization scheme based on etiology. These cases were used to create an internet survey that was sent to pediatric orthopaedic faculty, research coordinators, and fellows involved in @entity3 care and research. @entity0 were asked to classify each case and were provided with a written C- @entity3 scheme that could be referenced while they completed the survey. Surveys were sent to @entity0 twice, 3 weeks apart, to assess both intraobserver and interobserver reliability. Fleiss k and Cohen k were used to assess interobserver and intraobserver reliability, respectively. RESULTS: There were 36 total @entity0 , 29 who completed the survey twice (21 faculty, 13 research coordinators, and 2 fellows). Overall Fleiss k coefficient for interobserver reliability was excellent across the major categories of etiology (0.84), major curve (0.93), and @entity1 (0.96). Overall intraobserver reliability was excellent with Cohen k values for etiology (0.92), major curve (0.96), and @entity1 (0.98). Faculty members had excellent agreement for etiology (0.90), major curve (0.91), and @entity1 (0.96). Research coordinators had high levels of agreement for etiology (0.78), and excellent for major curve (0.95) and @entity1 (0.96). Intraobserver reliability was excellent across all major categories for all groups: faculty, research coordinators, and fellows. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows high levels of interobserver and intraobserver agreement of the C- @entity3 scheme. The C- @entity3 scheme can be used as a reliable tool for classifying @entity3 @entity0 for clinical communication and research. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II-diagnostic study.

title: Classification of Early Onset XXXX has Excellent Interobserver and Intraobserver Reliability.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The extent to which A(H1N1)pdm09 @entity3 vaccines prevented hospital admissions with @entity1 and @entity3 (P_I) during the 2009 pandemic remains poorly understood. We evaluated the effectiveness of the A(H1N1)pdm09 and seasonal @entity3 vaccines (TIV) used during the 2009 mass vaccination campaign in Manitoba (Canada) in preventing P_I hospitalization. METHODS: A population-based record-linkage nested case-control study. Cases (N = 1,812) were @entity0 hospitalized with @entity3 ( @entity4 -10:J09-J11) or @entity1 ( @entity4 -10:J12-J18) during the study period. Age-, gender- and area of residence-matched controls (N = 7,915) were randomly sampled from Manitoba's Population Registry. Information on receipt of A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine and TIV was obtained from the Manitoba Immunization Monitoring System, a province-wide vaccine registry. RESULTS: Overall, the adjuvanted A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine was 27% (95%CI 13-39%) effective against P_I hospitalization >=  14 days following administration. Effectiveness seemed lower among older (>=  65 years) adults (10%; -16-30%), particularly when compared to under-5 @entity0 (58%; 30-75%). The number-needed-to-vaccinate to prevent 1 P_I admission was lowest among <4 year-olds (928) and >= 65 years (1,721). VE against hospitalization with laboratory-confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 was 70% (39-85%) overall and (91%; 62-98%) >=  14 days following vaccination. DISCUSSION: Our data suggest that the adjuvanted A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine was effective in preventing about 55-60% of P_I hospitalizations among @entity0 and younger adults who were at much higher risk of @entity2 . Unfortunately, the vaccine was less effective among 65 or older adults. Despite that the vaccine still had a significant population-based impact especially among the very young (<5) and the older (>=  65 years).

title: Did the H1N1 Vaccine Reduce the Risk of Admission with XXXX during the Pandemic?

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the conservative surgical treatment for abnormal uterine @entity1 from the Medicalized Information System Program (PMSI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The diagnosis codes were selected from 10th version of the international classification disease. A transversal and longitudinal descriptive analysis was performed from hospital stays, @entity0 's characteristics, medical procedures between 2008-2010. RESULTS: Nineteen thousand six hundred and seventy-nine @entity0 were admitted in hospital (public or private) for treatment of abnormal uterine @entity1 . Endometrial ablation increased by 16,7%, 10.2% for first generation technique (G1) and 63.5% for second generation techniques (G2). G2were used in 15% of indications. The median age was respectively 45.2  6.4years old versus 45.8  4.9years old for G2. The median length of hospital stay was 1.6   1with 69% of @entity0 in ambulatory care. The likelihood to have a hysterectomy in the 3years follow-up was higher after G1  than G2  treatments (P=0.0034) for the @entity0 above 40  years old. In longitudinal study, defined only by @entity2 , 11,532  @entity0 were included and only 8.2% had been treated by G2. CONCLUSION: In spite of the international guidelines since 2008, 85% of @entity0 treated with first generation surgical technique. The failure rate defined by a re-ablation or a hysterectomy is higher after G1. This result must be discussed in relationship with cost effective aspects.

title: [Analysis from the French DRG-based information system (PMSI) of conservative surgical treatment for abnormal uterine XXXX in 2008-2010.]

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two years ago the authors began to use Swan-Ganz catheters to generate more complex hemodynamic data as a better guide to resuscitation of burns. This study uses the information to identify differences between survivors and nonsurvivors. @entity0 AND METHODS: Fifty-three consecutive @entity0 with major burns were treated using Swan-Ganz-generated data. Additional information was collected, including demographics, intake and output, medications, and arterial blood gas (including calculated @entity1 consumption). Statistical analysis incorporated adjustments for autocorrelation. RESULTS: The @entity0 included 38 @entity0 and 15 @entity0 , averaged 43.7 years of age, and had a mean burn size of 40%. Thirteen @entity0 suffered severe @entity2 . Data collected hourly over 3 days were collapsed across 6-hour observation periods. Mean values, when plotted across time, discriminated the 37 survivors from the 16 nonsurvivors. Poor response to resuscitation as evidenced by increased use of colloid fluid and cardiotonic drugs plus failure to maximize @entity1 consumption were associated with nonsurvival. CONCLUSIONS: Unsustained or inadequate response to @entity3 was associated with nonsurvival.

title: Survival in major XXXX is predicted by early response to Swan-Ganz-guided resuscitation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of oblique muscle weakening when combined with medial rectus muscle recession on the primary position horizontal alignment after surgery to correct @entity1 . METHODS: The medical records of @entity0 who underwent bilateral medial rectus recessions with or without simultaneous oblique muscle surgery between 2004 and 2013 at two Brazilian hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. @entity0 who had undergone previous strabismus surgery and those with incomplete data were excluded. The amount of correction for every millimeter of medial rectus recession was analyzed for @entity0 undergoing an isolated procedure (group A), those undergoing additional inferior oblique muscle weakening (group B), and those undergoing additional superior oblique muscle weakening, or tenectomy (group C). RESULTS: A total of 160 @entity0 (71 females) met inclusion criteria. The magnitudes of preoperative @entity1 and the times of postoperative evaluation did not differ between groups. The amounts of correction did not differ when @entity0 younger and older than 7 years were compared in every group. The amounts of correction for every millimeter of medial rectus recession were 3.0(  ) in group A, 3.1(  ) in group B, and 2.6(  ) in group C. The reduction for group C was significant (P = 0.0036). CONCLUSIONS: Pateints undergoing superior oblique weakening surgery in combination with bimedial rectus recessions may require larger medial rectus recessions to correct the primary position esodeviation. The authors suggest that a 10%-15% increase of the planned recession should be considered.

title: Effect of combining oblique muscle weakening procedures with bimedial rectus recessions on the surgical correction of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 expression has been described as a significant prognostic factor in multiple solid @entity2 . Most of these studies have, however, been undertaken using the Ab-2 antibody (clone SN3b), which detects a @entity5 -associated @entity4 , and not the @entity5 protein itself. Although its biological identity remains unclear, its prognostic significance means that detection of this @entity4 may, nonetheless, be clinically relevant. METHODS: 133 @entity0 were selected (pT1-2 pN0-2 M0, no secondary @entity3 , no @entity3 ) from a previous SN3b expression study on a larger cohort of @entity0 . After updating data on follow-up observations, we carried out univariate and multivariate analysis of the prognostic significance of SN3b for total and @entity0 -specific survival. RESULTS: A statistically significant correlation between cytoplasmic SN3b immunoreactivity and positive node status was found. Cytoplasmic SN3b also has node status-independent prognostic significance. Total survival exhibits a statistically significant dependency on cytoplasmic SN3b even for pN0 cases. CONCLUSION: The independent prognostic value of @entity5 as detected by Ab-2/clone SN3b could replace the diagnostic axillary dissection in @entity0 @entity1 if this was confirmed in further studies. Also, clarifying the exact epitope of this interesting antibody is more than warranted.

title: Long-Term Analysis of Ab-2 (Clone SN3b) Immunoreactivity as a Prognostic Factor in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity0 experienced @entity5 for about 7 months, but a diagnosis could not be made until after death. He was diagnosed with @entity8 on autopsy. In this case report, difficult aspects of the diagnosis are discussed. The 70-year-old Japanese @entity0 was a driver who transported ceramic-related products. Right @entity5 developed in July 2013, but no abnormality was detected on a chest computed tomography (CT) performed in September 2013, and the @entity2 was managed as right intercostal @entity1 . A chest CT performed in late October 2013 revealed a right @entity6 , and the @entity0 was referred to our hospital in early November 2013. Thoracentesis was performed, but the cytology was negative, and no diagnosis could be made. Close examination was postponed because the @entity0 developed a @entity4 . He underwent @entity3 positron emission tomography ( @entity3 PET) after discharge from the neurosurgery department, and extensive right pleural thickening and @entity3 accumulation in this region were observed. Based on these findings, @entity8 was suspected, and a thoracoscopy was performed under local anesthesia in early December 2013, but no definite diagnosis could be made. The @entity0 selected best supportive care and died about 7 months after the initial development of right @entity5 . The disease was definitively diagnosed as @entity8 by a pathological autopsy. When chronic @entity5 of unknown cause is observed and past exposure to @entity7 is suspected, actions to prevent delay in diagnosis should be taken, including testing for suspicion of @entity8 .

title: An Autopsied Case of Malignant Sarcomatoid Pleural Mesothelioma in Which XXXX Developed Several Months Earlier without Abnormality on Imaging.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a case of a 20-year-old female with decreased visual acuity (VA) in the left eye (LE). METHODS: This is a retrospective and descriptive case report based on data from clinical records, @entity0 observation and analysis of diagnostic tests. RESULTS: A 20-year-old female presented with decreased VA in the LE for 3 days. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/20 in the right eye (RE) and 20/40 in the LE. Pupillary function, intraocular pressure, results of external segment examinations and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were normal, bilaterally. RE fundoscopy was normal, and in the LE it revealed @entity6 and posterior pole exudative @entity5 . Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed the macular @entity5 and showed thickening of the posterior choroid also revealed by orbital ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). @entity4 angiography showed angiographic features typical of @entity7 : disseminated spotted choroidal hyperfluorescence and choroidal multifocal hypofluorescence, multifocal profuse leakage in the retina with pooling, @entity5 and optic disc hyperfluorescence. Serological testing for the diagnosis of @entity1 pathologies was negative, and the review of systems was normal. The @entity0 received systemic @entity3 and @entity2 . LE BCVA improved up to 20/20 at 18 months after the diagnosis, with complete reabsorption of subretinal fluid and normal retinal and choroidal thickness by OCT. CONCLUSION: Despite the unilateral involvement, the clinical and angiographic features were typical of @entity7 , and ophthalmologists should be aware to recognize this rare clinical variant of the disease.

title: Unilateral XXXX : A Clinical Case Report.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Radiotherapy has been standard therapy for locally advanced @entity8 . Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is being studied to improve responses and survival. We report a phase II study in locally advanced @entity8 (FIGO stages III and @entity10 ) using chemotherapy with @entity9 , @entity7 and @entity6 (BMP) followed by radical radiotherapy. Of the 35 @entity0 , 31 in stage III and 4 in stage @entity10 , 3 complete responses (CR) and 22 partial responses (PR) were achieved after chemotherapy treatment. Thirty-one @entity0 completed radiotherapy; 19 achieved CR and 4 PR. Five-year actuarial survival for the entire group was 45% (95% confidence interval, 37-53%) with a median survival of 56 months. @entity0 with CR had a significantly better survival: the 5-year actuarial survival was 74% (95% CI, 59-89%). Recurrence developed in 4 of 19 @entity0 . The most frequent side-effects were @entity4 and @entity5 . Myelosuppression and @entity2 also occurred. There was no evidence of radiotherapy @entity3 enhancement. The stage and Karnofsky index were significant prognostic factors. It is concluded that BMP chemotherapy in advanced cervical @entity1 is effective and, followed by radiotherapy, allows a good control of this @entity1 . The group of @entity0 with complete response have a low rate of recurrences and a long survival chance.

title: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy in locally advanced cervical XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Very small @entity5 ( <=3 mm) demonstrate a significant risk for procedural @entity1 with endovascular therapy. Since 2007, 1.5-mm-diameter coils have been available (Micrus, Microvention, and ev3), allowing neurointerventionalists the opportunity to offer @entity0 with very small @entity3 endovascular treatment. In this study, we review the clinical and angiographic outcome of @entity0 with very small @entity5 treated with the 1.5-mm coil. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study in which we examined consecutive @entity5 treated with coil embolization at a single institution. The longest linear @entity3 was recorded, even if the first coil was sized to a smaller transverse diameter. @entity3 were defined as  <=3 mm. Descriptive results are presented. RESULTS: From July 2007 to March 2015, 81 @entity3 were treated acutely with coils in 78 @entity0 presenting with @entity4 . There were 5 @entity0 with 3-mm @entity3 , of which the transverse diameter was  <=2 mm in 3 @entity0 . In all 5 @entity0 , a balloon was placed for hemostatic prophylaxis in case of @entity1 , and a single 1.5-mm coil was inserted for @entity3 treatment without complication. Complete @entity3 was achieved in 1 @entity0 , residual neck in 2, and residual @entity3 in 2 @entity0 . @entity3 was present in 2 @entity0 with an anterior communicating @entity2 ; a recoiling attempt was unsuccessful in 1 of these 2 @entity0 due to inadvertent displacement and distal coil embolization, but subsequent surgical clipping was successful. Another @entity0 was retreated by surgical clipping for a residual wide-neck carotid terminus @entity3 . One @entity0 died of @entity6 3 weeks after presentation; all 4 other @entity0 had an excellent outcome with no rebleed at follow-up (mean 21 months, range 1-62). CONCLUSION: The advent of the 1.5-mm coil may be used in the endovascular treatment of @entity0 with very small @entity5 , providing a temporary protection to the site of @entity1 in the acute phase. If necessary, bridging with elective clipping may provide definitive @entity3 treatment.

title: Expanding Endovascular Therapy of Very Small XXXX with the 1.5-mm Coil.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A relationship between the administration of @entity6 agonists and the risk of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity3 has been showed in the third observational study published in April 2014. The association @entity4 -orchiectomy was not found in any of these studies. OBJECTIVE: Define risk factors for @entity1 in @entity0 treated with @entity6 agonist. Their probable underlying pathogenic mechanism in the myocardium and peripheral vascular tree was also analyzed. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: English articles cited in PubMed were reviewed. No time period is specified. The last search date was 11/30/14. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: In @entity0 with coronary history of @entity4 or @entity5 , hormonal neoadjuvant therapy increased cardiovascular mortality rates (HR: 1.96, IC 95%: 1.04-3.71; P=.04) as well as cardiovascular-specific mortality rates (AHR: 3.28; IC 95%: 1.01-10.64; P=.048). Two possible mechanisms can be involved: a) direct mechanism through myocardial receptor for @entity6 /PKA along with atherogenic plaques; and b) indirect mechanism related with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity5 history could present a higher risk of death related to the use of @entity6 agonists. In these cases, should carefully consider appropriateness of such treatment. These effects can explained by a direct mechanism on myocardium and peripheral vascular tree and indirect ones related with modified @entity2 .

title: @entity1 in @entity0 with XXXX exposed to androgen deprivation therapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A relationship between the administration of @entity6 agonists and the risk of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity3 has been showed in the third observational study published in April 2014. The association @entity4 -orchiectomy was not found in any of these studies. OBJECTIVE: Define risk factors for @entity1 in @entity0 treated with @entity6 agonist. Their probable underlying pathogenic mechanism in the myocardium and peripheral vascular tree was also analyzed. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: English articles cited in PubMed were reviewed. No time period is specified. The last search date was 11/30/14. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: In @entity0 with coronary history of @entity4 or @entity5 , hormonal neoadjuvant therapy increased cardiovascular mortality rates (HR: 1.96, IC 95%: 1.04-3.71; P=.04) as well as cardiovascular-specific mortality rates (AHR: 3.28; IC 95%: 1.01-10.64; P=.048). Two possible mechanisms can be involved: a) direct mechanism through myocardial receptor for @entity6 /PKA along with atherogenic plaques; and b) indirect mechanism related with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity5 history could present a higher risk of death related to the use of @entity6 agonists. In these cases, should carefully consider appropriateness of such treatment. These effects can explained by a direct mechanism on myocardium and peripheral vascular tree and indirect ones related with modified @entity2 .

title: XXXX in @entity0 with @entity3 exposed to androgen deprivation therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A relationship between the administration of @entity6 agonists and the risk of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity3 has been showed in the third observational study published in April 2014. The association @entity4 -orchiectomy was not found in any of these studies. OBJECTIVE: Define risk factors for @entity1 in @entity0 treated with @entity6 agonist. Their probable underlying pathogenic mechanism in the myocardium and peripheral vascular tree was also analyzed. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: English articles cited in PubMed were reviewed. No time period is specified. The last search date was 11/30/14. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: In @entity0 with coronary history of @entity4 or @entity5 , hormonal neoadjuvant therapy increased cardiovascular mortality rates (HR: 1.96, IC 95%: 1.04-3.71; P=.04) as well as cardiovascular-specific mortality rates (AHR: 3.28; IC 95%: 1.01-10.64; P=.048). Two possible mechanisms can be involved: a) direct mechanism through myocardial receptor for @entity6 /PKA along with atherogenic plaques; and b) indirect mechanism related with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity5 history could present a higher risk of death related to the use of @entity6 agonists. In these cases, should carefully consider appropriateness of such treatment. These effects can explained by a direct mechanism on myocardium and peripheral vascular tree and indirect ones related with modified @entity2 .

title: @entity1 in XXXX with @entity3 exposed to androgen deprivation therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Artemisia is an important genus of Iranian flora whose potent anti-proliferative effect has been demonstrated previously on @entity0 cancerous cell lines. In the current study, further fractionation was carried out on the petroleum ether extract of A. aucheri and their cytotoxic effects were evaluated on three @entity0 @entity1 cell lines. Cell viability was determined by @entity4 assay. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of apoptotic related genes. Activation of caspases and detection of intracellular @entity3 ( @entity5 ) accumulation were evaluated using a spectrophotometer. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured using flow cytometry. The fraction NO-7 (F7) of petroleum ether extract showed the highest anti-proliferative effect, especially against SKNMC cells. Therefore, we focused on a description of the cytotoxic mechanism of the most potent fraction on SKNMC cells. The results indicated that F7 was able to induce apoptosis through MMP disruption, activation of caspases and increament of proapoptotic genes @entity2 and @entity6 / @entity6 . Moreover, our observation indicated that F7 is able to increase the cytotoxicity of @entity5 in SKNMC cells. The combination of F7+ @entity5 significantly increased the intracellular accumulation of @entity5 . These results indicated that F7 induces apoptosis in SKNMC cells. Moreover, it might enhance the antitumor activity of @entity5 , through modulating the activity of multidrug resistant @entity1 cells and inducing apoptosis.

title: A semipolar fraction of petroleum ether extract of Artemisia aucheri induces apoptosis and enhances the apoptotic response to XXXX in @entity0 neuroblastoma SKNMC cell line.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Artemisia is an important genus of Iranian flora whose potent anti-proliferative effect has been demonstrated previously on @entity0 cancerous cell lines. In the current study, further fractionation was carried out on the petroleum ether extract of A. aucheri and their cytotoxic effects were evaluated on three @entity0 @entity1 cell lines. Cell viability was determined by @entity4 assay. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of apoptotic related genes. Activation of caspases and detection of intracellular @entity3 ( @entity5 ) accumulation were evaluated using a spectrophotometer. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured using flow cytometry. The fraction NO-7 (F7) of petroleum ether extract showed the highest anti-proliferative effect, especially against SKNMC cells. Therefore, we focused on a description of the cytotoxic mechanism of the most potent fraction on SKNMC cells. The results indicated that F7 was able to induce apoptosis through MMP disruption, activation of caspases and increament of proapoptotic genes @entity2 and @entity6 / @entity6 . Moreover, our observation indicated that F7 is able to increase the cytotoxicity of @entity5 in SKNMC cells. The combination of F7+ @entity5 significantly increased the intracellular accumulation of @entity5 . These results indicated that F7 induces apoptosis in SKNMC cells. Moreover, it might enhance the antitumor activity of @entity5 , through modulating the activity of multidrug resistant @entity1 cells and inducing apoptosis.

title: A semipolar fraction of petroleum ether extract of Artemisia aucheri induces apoptosis and enhances the apoptotic response to @entity3 in XXXX neuroblastoma SKNMC cell line.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ), so-called @entity3 , not otherwise specified (CCC (NOS)), of the salivary glands is a rare and low-grade @entity2 . We report a case of @entity3 so-called CCC (NOS) (referred to as @entity3 ) of the minor salivary gland of the buccal mucosa. A 52-year-old @entity0 had presented with a gradually growing and indolent mass in the right buccal mucosa for about two years. The first biopsy histopathologically suggested the possibility of @entity2 derived from the minor salivary glands. A month later, she visited our hospital. The @entity2 measured approximately 1.5   cm in diameter and was elastic hard, smooth, and well movable. Image examinations demonstrated internal homogeneity of the lesion, which had a smooth margin, in the right buccal mucosa. Complete @entity2 resection followed by covering with a @entity4 sheet and fibrin glue spray was performed without surgical flap reconstruction. Histopathological findings revealed proliferating @entity2 cells with clear cytoplasm surrounded by hyalinizing stroma in the submucosal minor salivary glands. Immunohistochemical stains revealed these @entity2 cells to be positive for epithelial cell markers but negative for myoepithelial ones. These findings confirmed the diagnosis of @entity3 . Good wound healing and no evidence of local recurrence and @entity1 have been shown since surgery.

title: A Case of XXXX , So-Called Clear Cell Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified, of the Minor Salivary Glands of the Buccal Mucosa.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The symbiotic association of var. (formerly named ) with @entity4 () leads to the production of @entity5 (EV) and lolitrem B (LB) that are toxic for livestock. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of feeding endophyte-infected ryegrass (SE+) hay on 16 lactating ewes (BW 80    10 kg) in comparison with endophyte-free ryegrass (SE-) hay to investigate the putative mechanisms of action of EV and LB and to evaluate their persistence in milk and animal tissues. The mean EV and LB concentrations in SE+ hay were 851 and 884  g/kg DM, respectively, whereas these alkaloids were below the limit of detection in SE- hay. No effect of SE+ was observed on animal health and skin temperature whereas prolactin decreased and significant differences between hays were observed from d 7 to 28 of the study ( < 0.03) but had no effect on milk production. Hematocrit and biochemical analyses of plasma revealed no significant difference between SE+ and SE-, whereas @entity0 concentration differed significantly on d 28 ( = 0.001). Measurement of oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma, liver, and kidneys revealed a slight increase in some enzyme activities involved in defense against oxidative damage in the SE+ fed ewes. Slight variations in the activities of hepatic and kidney @entity2 monooxygenase enzymes were observed, whereas in the kidney, @entity3 -transferase activity decreased significantly ( = 0.002) in the SE+ fed ewes, whereas @entity1 glucuronosyltransferase activity increased ( = 0.001). After 28 d of exposure of ewes to the SE+ hay, low EV and LB concentrations were measured in tissues. The highest concentration of EV was observed in the liver (0.68  g/kg) whereas fat contained the highest concentration of LB (2.39  g/kg). Both toxins were also identified at the trace level in milk.

title: Toxicity of endophyte-infected ryegrass hay containing high XXXX level in lactating ewes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Previous studies have shown that protein kinase stimulators can induce the release of the metaphase II arrest in @entity0 ova. The present report is about the role of protein kinase in parthenogenic activation of @entity2 oocytes, which was studied using a broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor. Metaphase II oocytes were obtained via in vitro maturation. Two sources of H7 [ @entity1 , @entity3 ] were tested--Sigma (H7s) and Calbiochem (H7c). Both were found to be equally effective in promoting release of the metaphase II block. Activation, release of the metaphase II arrest, and progression to the first interphase could be induced at the highest percentage with an exposure to 2.0 mM H7s for 80 min (68.1%). In another experiment, H7c resulted in 69.5% activation, while @entity4 [ @entity4 , @entity3 ] at a similar concentration and exposure duration resulted in 25.7% activation. H7s and H7c were more effective than @entity4 in inducing the appearance of a 22-kDa protein that is associated with normal fertilization in the @entity2 . In contrast, although pronuclei could form and the protein profiles were indicative of activation, cortical granule exocytosis did not occur, and oocytes failed to develop to the blastocyst stage after H7 treatment. In contrast to the H7-treated oocytes, electrostimulation resulted in pronuclear formation, the appearance of the 22-kDa protein, release of cortical granules, and development to the blastocyst stage. These data demonstrate that broad-spectrum inhibitors of protein kinase are unable to induce all the events associated with normal fertilization.

title: Parthenogenic activation of XXXX oocytes by protein kinase inhibition.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Objective. Transcatheter @entity7 (TAE) is a therapeutic option for endoscopically unmanageable upper @entity4 . We aimed to assess the efficacy and clinical outcomes of TAE for acute @entity4 and to identify predictors of recurrent @entity5 within 30 days. Materials and methods. Visceral angiography was performed in 66 @entity0 (42 @entity0 , 24 @entity0 ; mean age, 60.3    12.7 years) who experienced acute @entity4 that failed to be controlled by endoscopy during a 7-year period. Clinical information was reviewed retrospectively. Outcomes included technical success rates, complications, and 30-day rebleeding and mortality rates. Results. TAE was feasible in 59 @entity0 . The technical success rate was 98%. Rebleeding within 30 days was observed in 47% after an initial TAE and was managed with re-embolization in 8, by endoscopic intervention in 5, by surgery in 2, and by conservative care in 12 @entity0 . The 30-day overall mortality rate was 42.4%. In the case of initial @entity3 (n = 34), 31 @entity0 underwent angiographic embolization, which was successful in 30 @entity0 (96.8%). Rebleeding occurred in 15 @entity0 (50%), mainly because of @entity1 . Two factors were independent predictors of rebleeding within 30 days by multivariate analysis: @entity6 (odds ratio [OR] = 4.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-15.29; p = 0.021) and embolization in >= 2 territories (OR = 4.93; 95% CI: 1.43-17.04; p = 0.012). Catheterization-related complications included @entity2 . Conclusion. TAE controlled acute @entity4 effectively. TAE may be considered when endoscopic therapy is unavailable or unsuccessful. Correction of @entity6 before TAE is recommended.

title: Transcatheter XXXX for endoscopically unmanageable non-variceal upper @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Objective. Transcatheter @entity7 (TAE) is a therapeutic option for endoscopically unmanageable upper @entity4 . We aimed to assess the efficacy and clinical outcomes of TAE for acute @entity4 and to identify predictors of recurrent @entity5 within 30 days. Materials and methods. Visceral angiography was performed in 66 @entity0 (42 @entity0 , 24 @entity0 ; mean age, 60.3    12.7 years) who experienced acute @entity4 that failed to be controlled by endoscopy during a 7-year period. Clinical information was reviewed retrospectively. Outcomes included technical success rates, complications, and 30-day rebleeding and mortality rates. Results. TAE was feasible in 59 @entity0 . The technical success rate was 98%. Rebleeding within 30 days was observed in 47% after an initial TAE and was managed with re-embolization in 8, by endoscopic intervention in 5, by surgery in 2, and by conservative care in 12 @entity0 . The 30-day overall mortality rate was 42.4%. In the case of initial @entity3 (n = 34), 31 @entity0 underwent angiographic embolization, which was successful in 30 @entity0 (96.8%). Rebleeding occurred in 15 @entity0 (50%), mainly because of @entity1 . Two factors were independent predictors of rebleeding within 30 days by multivariate analysis: @entity6 (odds ratio [OR] = 4.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-15.29; p = 0.021) and embolization in >= 2 territories (OR = 4.93; 95% CI: 1.43-17.04; p = 0.012). Catheterization-related complications included @entity2 . Conclusion. TAE controlled acute @entity4 effectively. TAE may be considered when endoscopic therapy is unavailable or unsuccessful. Correction of @entity6 before TAE is recommended.

title: Transcatheter @entity7 for endoscopically unmanageable non-variceal upper XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Several previous studies comparing artificial disc replacement (ADR) and fusion have been conducted with cautiously positive results in favor of ADR. This study is not, in contrast to most previous studies, an investigational device exemption study required by the Food and Drug Administration for approval to market the product in the United States. This study was partially funded with unrestricted institutional research grants by the company marketing the artificial disc used in this study. PURPOSE: To compare outcomes between the concepts of an artificial disc to treatment with anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) and to register complications associated to the two treatments during a follow-up time of 2 years. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: This is a randomized controlled multicenter trial, including three spine centers in Sweden. @entity0 SAMPLE: The study included @entity0 seeking care for cervical @entity1 who fulfilled inclusion criteria. In total, 153 @entity0 were included. OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-assessment with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) as a primary outcome variable and EQ-5D and visual analog scale as secondary outcome variables. METHODS: @entity0 were randomly allocated to either treatment with the Depuy Discover artificial disc or fusion with iliac crest bone graft and plating. Randomization was blinded to both @entity0 and caregivers until time for implantation. Adverse events, complications, and revision surgery were registered as well as loss of follow-up. RESULTS: Data were available in 137 (91%) of the included and initially treated @entity0 . Both groups improved significantly after surgery. @entity2 changed from 63.1 to 39.8 in an intention-to-treat analysis. No statistically significant difference between the ADR and the ACDF groups could be demonstrated with @entity2 values of 39.1 and 40.1, respectively. Nor in secondary outcome measures (EQ-5D and visual analog scale) could any statistically significant differences be demonstrated between the groups. Nine @entity0 in the ADR group and three in the fusion group underwent secondary surgery because of various reasons. Two @entity0 in each group underwent secondary surgery because of adjacent segment pathology. Complication rates were not statistically significant between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Artificial disc replacement did not result in better outcome compared to fusion measured with @entity2 2 years after surgery.

title: The Discover artificial disc replacement versus fusion in cervical XXXX -a randomized controlled outcome trial with 2-year follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aim. To correlate findings of conventional cystoscopy with CT virtual cystoscopy (CTVC) in detecting @entity2 and to evaluate accuracy of virtual cystoscopy in early detection of @entity2 . Material and Method. From June 2013 to June 2014, 50 @entity0 (46 males, four females) with history and investigations suggestive of @entity1 , with mean age 62.76    10.45 years, underwent CTVC by a radiologist as per protocol and subsequently underwent conventional cystoscopy (CPE) the same day or the next day. One urologist and one radiologist, blinded to the findings of conventional cystoscopy, independently interpreted the images, and any discrepant readings were resolved with consensus. Result. CTVC detected 23 out of 25 @entity0 with @entity2 (s) correctly. Two @entity0 were falsely detected as negative while two were falsely labeled as positive in CTVC. Virtual and conventional cystoscopy were comparable in detection of @entity1 growth in @entity3 . The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of virtual cystoscopy were 92% each. Conclusion. CTVC correlates closely with the findings of conventional cystoscopy. Bladder should be adequately distended and devoid of urine at the time of procedure. However, more studies are required to define the role of virtual cystoscopy in routine clinical practice.

title: Can CT Virtual Cystoscopy Replace Conventional Cystoscopy in Early Detection of Bladder XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pneumatic compression of the lower part of the body increases systemic vascular resistance and left ventricular afterload. AIM: We compared the diagnostic accuracy of @entity1 stress echocardiography (DSE) with pneumatic compression of the lower extremities, versus standard DSE, for detection of angiographically significant @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with normal baseline resting wall motion. METHODS: We enrolled 70 consecutive @entity0 with no resting @entity3 ( @entity3 ) who underwent DSE. DSE was repeated with pneumatic compression of the lower extremities 3 days after the initial standard DSE. Positive test was defined as the induction of @entity3 in at least 2 contiguous non-overlap segments at any stage of @entity1 infusion. Significant @entity4 was defined as >= 50% obstruction of >= 1 sizable artery by coronary angiography. : RESULTS: The mean age of the study cohort was 54.7    9.9 years; 55.7% were females. Thirty-eight @entity0 (54.3%) had significant @entity2 . The mean test duration was 15.8    5.1 minutes for standard DSE and 11.7    4.1 minutes for DSE with pneumatic compression. Analysis of standard DSE revealed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 81.6%, 90.6%, 91.2%, 80.6%; overall accuracy was 85.7%. Analysis of DSE with pneumatic compression revealed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 89.5%, 87.5%, 89.5%, 87.5%; overall accuracy was 88.6%. CONCLUSIONS: In symptomatic @entity0 with suspected @entity2 referred for evaluation by DSE who have no resting @entity3 , pneumatic compression of the lower extremities during DSE improved the sensitivity but slightly reduced the specificity for detection of angiographically significant @entity2 compared with standard DSE. Moreover, it reduced the test duration.

title: Lower limb pneumatic compression during XXXX stress echocardiography in @entity0 with normal resting wall motion: will it increase the diagnostic accuracy?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pneumatic compression of the lower part of the body increases systemic vascular resistance and left ventricular afterload. AIM: We compared the diagnostic accuracy of @entity1 stress echocardiography (DSE) with pneumatic compression of the lower extremities, versus standard DSE, for detection of angiographically significant @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with normal baseline resting wall motion. METHODS: We enrolled 70 consecutive @entity0 with no resting @entity3 ( @entity3 ) who underwent DSE. DSE was repeated with pneumatic compression of the lower extremities 3 days after the initial standard DSE. Positive test was defined as the induction of @entity3 in at least 2 contiguous non-overlap segments at any stage of @entity1 infusion. Significant @entity4 was defined as >= 50% obstruction of >= 1 sizable artery by coronary angiography. : RESULTS: The mean age of the study cohort was 54.7    9.9 years; 55.7% were females. Thirty-eight @entity0 (54.3%) had significant @entity2 . The mean test duration was 15.8    5.1 minutes for standard DSE and 11.7    4.1 minutes for DSE with pneumatic compression. Analysis of standard DSE revealed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 81.6%, 90.6%, 91.2%, 80.6%; overall accuracy was 85.7%. Analysis of DSE with pneumatic compression revealed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 89.5%, 87.5%, 89.5%, 87.5%; overall accuracy was 88.6%. CONCLUSIONS: In symptomatic @entity0 with suspected @entity2 referred for evaluation by DSE who have no resting @entity3 , pneumatic compression of the lower extremities during DSE improved the sensitivity but slightly reduced the specificity for detection of angiographically significant @entity2 compared with standard DSE. Moreover, it reduced the test duration.

title: Lower limb pneumatic compression during @entity1 stress echocardiography in XXXX with normal resting wall motion: will it increase the diagnostic accuracy?

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), intravenous @entity2 , and blood transfusion are used to treat @entity3 in both @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 . However, @entity3 treatment patterns have not been described among @entity4 @entity0 undergoing hemodialysis with concurrent @entity1 , especially in the recent era of ESA-related safety concerns. METHODS: We analyzed Medicare data from a cohort of hemodialysis @entity0 diagnosed with incident @entity1 . We used multivariable generalized linear models to estimate trends and patterns in ESA use, @entity2 use, transfusion use, @entity5 alfa ( @entity5 ) dose, @entity2 dose, and resulting hemoglobin levels (2000-2011). RESULTS: Of 43,760 eligible @entity0 , quarterly ESA use declined slightly from a peak of 94.1 to 90.0%. Quarterly @entity5 dose increased from 2000 to 2004, then declined; quarterly hemoglobin levels followed a similar pattern. @entity2 use increased rapidly from 46.9 to 79.3%. @entity2 dose increased until 2010 and then declined. There was an increase in the quarterly transfusion use (6.3-11.7%) and in the mean number of transfusion days per year (1.4-1.8). @entity3 treatment patterns varied by demographic/clinical subgroups, especially among @entity0 receiving chemotherapy, who required higher ESA use, @entity5 dose, and frequency of transfusions. CONCLUSIONS: Despite safety concerns about ESAs in both the @entity4 and @entity1 populations, the proportion of hemodialysis @entity0 with @entity1 who used ESAs between 2000 and 2011 remained extremely high. @entity5 dose and hemoglobin levels increased and then decreased. @entity2 use, @entity2 dose, and transfusions increased substantially. Future research examining the risk-benefit profile of different @entity3 management strategies in the dialysis population with @entity1 is needed.

title: Trends in XXXX Management in Hemodialysis @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), intravenous @entity2 , and blood transfusion are used to treat @entity3 in both @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 . However, @entity3 treatment patterns have not been described among @entity4 @entity0 undergoing hemodialysis with concurrent @entity1 , especially in the recent era of ESA-related safety concerns. METHODS: We analyzed Medicare data from a cohort of hemodialysis @entity0 diagnosed with incident @entity1 . We used multivariable generalized linear models to estimate trends and patterns in ESA use, @entity2 use, transfusion use, @entity5 alfa ( @entity5 ) dose, @entity2 dose, and resulting hemoglobin levels (2000-2011). RESULTS: Of 43,760 eligible @entity0 , quarterly ESA use declined slightly from a peak of 94.1 to 90.0%. Quarterly @entity5 dose increased from 2000 to 2004, then declined; quarterly hemoglobin levels followed a similar pattern. @entity2 use increased rapidly from 46.9 to 79.3%. @entity2 dose increased until 2010 and then declined. There was an increase in the quarterly transfusion use (6.3-11.7%) and in the mean number of transfusion days per year (1.4-1.8). @entity3 treatment patterns varied by demographic/clinical subgroups, especially among @entity0 receiving chemotherapy, who required higher ESA use, @entity5 dose, and frequency of transfusions. CONCLUSIONS: Despite safety concerns about ESAs in both the @entity4 and @entity1 populations, the proportion of hemodialysis @entity0 with @entity1 who used ESAs between 2000 and 2011 remained extremely high. @entity5 dose and hemoglobin levels increased and then decreased. @entity2 use, @entity2 dose, and transfusions increased substantially. Future research examining the risk-benefit profile of different @entity3 management strategies in the dialysis population with @entity1 is needed.

title: Trends in @entity3 Management in Hemodialysis @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), intravenous @entity2 , and blood transfusion are used to treat @entity3 in both @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 . However, @entity3 treatment patterns have not been described among @entity4 @entity0 undergoing hemodialysis with concurrent @entity1 , especially in the recent era of ESA-related safety concerns. METHODS: We analyzed Medicare data from a cohort of hemodialysis @entity0 diagnosed with incident @entity1 . We used multivariable generalized linear models to estimate trends and patterns in ESA use, @entity2 use, transfusion use, @entity5 alfa ( @entity5 ) dose, @entity2 dose, and resulting hemoglobin levels (2000-2011). RESULTS: Of 43,760 eligible @entity0 , quarterly ESA use declined slightly from a peak of 94.1 to 90.0%. Quarterly @entity5 dose increased from 2000 to 2004, then declined; quarterly hemoglobin levels followed a similar pattern. @entity2 use increased rapidly from 46.9 to 79.3%. @entity2 dose increased until 2010 and then declined. There was an increase in the quarterly transfusion use (6.3-11.7%) and in the mean number of transfusion days per year (1.4-1.8). @entity3 treatment patterns varied by demographic/clinical subgroups, especially among @entity0 receiving chemotherapy, who required higher ESA use, @entity5 dose, and frequency of transfusions. CONCLUSIONS: Despite safety concerns about ESAs in both the @entity4 and @entity1 populations, the proportion of hemodialysis @entity0 with @entity1 who used ESAs between 2000 and 2011 remained extremely high. @entity5 dose and hemoglobin levels increased and then decreased. @entity2 use, @entity2 dose, and transfusions increased substantially. Future research examining the risk-benefit profile of different @entity3 management strategies in the dialysis population with @entity1 is needed.

title: Trends in @entity3 Management in Hemodialysis XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Male @entity4 were sampled from two locations in Lake Mead (USA), a site influenced by treated municipal wastewater effluent and urban runoff (Las Vegas Bay), and a reference site (Overton Arm). Samples were collected in summer (July '07) and spring (March '08) to assess general health, endocrine and reproductive biomarkers, and compare contaminant body burdens by analyzing 252 organic chemicals. Sperm count and motility were measured in spring. Contaminants were detected at much higher frequencies and concentrations in fish from Las Vegas Bay than Overton Arm. Those with the highest concentrations included @entity0 , DDTs, @entity3 , @entity5 , and @entity6 . Fish from Las Vegas Bay also had higher Fulton condition factor, hepatosomatic index, and hematocrit, and lower plasma @entity1 concentration (KT). Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and sperm motility did not differ between sites, but sperm count was lower by nearly 50% in fish from Las Vegas Bay. A positive association between KT and GSI was identified, but this association was nonlinear. On average, maximal GSI was reached at sub-maximal KT concentrations. In conclusion, the higher concentration of contaminant body burdens coupled with reduced levels of KT and sperm count in fish from Las Vegas Bay suggest that @entity2 was influenced by contaminant exposures. Also, the nonlinear KT-GSI association provided a framework to understand why GSI was similar between male bass from both sites despite their large difference in KT, and also suggested the existence of post-gonadal growth functions of KT at high concentrations.

title: Are endocrine and reproductive biomarkers altered in contaminant-exposed wild male XXXX ( @entity4 ) of Lake Mead, Nevada/Arizona, USA?

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Male @entity4 were sampled from two locations in Lake Mead (USA), a site influenced by treated municipal wastewater effluent and urban runoff (Las Vegas Bay), and a reference site (Overton Arm). Samples were collected in summer (July '07) and spring (March '08) to assess general health, endocrine and reproductive biomarkers, and compare contaminant body burdens by analyzing 252 organic chemicals. Sperm count and motility were measured in spring. Contaminants were detected at much higher frequencies and concentrations in fish from Las Vegas Bay than Overton Arm. Those with the highest concentrations included @entity0 , DDTs, @entity3 , @entity5 , and @entity6 . Fish from Las Vegas Bay also had higher Fulton condition factor, hepatosomatic index, and hematocrit, and lower plasma @entity1 concentration (KT). Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and sperm motility did not differ between sites, but sperm count was lower by nearly 50% in fish from Las Vegas Bay. A positive association between KT and GSI was identified, but this association was nonlinear. On average, maximal GSI was reached at sub-maximal KT concentrations. In conclusion, the higher concentration of contaminant body burdens coupled with reduced levels of KT and sperm count in fish from Las Vegas Bay suggest that @entity2 was influenced by contaminant exposures. Also, the nonlinear KT-GSI association provided a framework to understand why GSI was similar between male bass from both sites despite their large difference in KT, and also suggested the existence of post-gonadal growth functions of KT at high concentrations.

title: Are endocrine and reproductive biomarkers altered in contaminant-exposed wild male @entity4 ( XXXX ) of Lake Mead, Nevada/Arizona, USA?

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has been shown to change with body position. Several studies have shown that the lateral decubitus position (LDP) is associated with a significant increase in @entity3 in the dependent eye. However, whether anesthetic agents alter @entity3 in the LDP remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of @entity2 and @entity1 anesthesia on @entity3 in the LDP. A total of 28 @entity0 undergoing surgery in the LDP were included. @entity0 were randomly allocated to @entity2 or @entity1 groups. @entity3 in both eyes was recorded and compared between groups at five time points: after anesthesia induction, after endotracheal intubation, at 5  min and 1  h after a positional change to the LDP, and 5  min after returning to the supine position. In the @entity2 group, @entity3 was significantly increased in both dependent and non-dependent eyes 1  h after changing to the LDP. In the @entity1 group, @entity3 decreased in both dependent and non-dependent eyes after tracheal intubation, but did not increase after changing to the LDP. The number of @entity0 in whom @entity3 increased to >= 28  mmHg was greater in the @entity2 group than in the @entity1 group. @entity1 may be better than @entity2 for the maintenance of anesthesia in the LDP. Monitoring of @entity3 in the LDP might help avoid ophthalmic complications.

title: Changes in intraocular pressure during surgery in the lateral decubitus position under XXXX and @entity1 anesthesia.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has been shown to change with body position. Several studies have shown that the lateral decubitus position (LDP) is associated with a significant increase in @entity3 in the dependent eye. However, whether anesthetic agents alter @entity3 in the LDP remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of @entity2 and @entity1 anesthesia on @entity3 in the LDP. A total of 28 @entity0 undergoing surgery in the LDP were included. @entity0 were randomly allocated to @entity2 or @entity1 groups. @entity3 in both eyes was recorded and compared between groups at five time points: after anesthesia induction, after endotracheal intubation, at 5  min and 1  h after a positional change to the LDP, and 5  min after returning to the supine position. In the @entity2 group, @entity3 was significantly increased in both dependent and non-dependent eyes 1  h after changing to the LDP. In the @entity1 group, @entity3 decreased in both dependent and non-dependent eyes after tracheal intubation, but did not increase after changing to the LDP. The number of @entity0 in whom @entity3 increased to >= 28  mmHg was greater in the @entity2 group than in the @entity1 group. @entity1 may be better than @entity2 for the maintenance of anesthesia in the LDP. Monitoring of @entity3 in the LDP might help avoid ophthalmic complications.

title: Changes in intraocular pressure during surgery in the lateral decubitus position under @entity2 and XXXX anesthesia.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. Although alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists have been shown to induce @entity2 in animals, it is unclear whether the primary mechanism is increased heat loss or decreased heat production. Furthermore, studies have not been performed in @entity0 to determine the role of alpha-adrenoceptors in the maintenance of core temperature. 2. alpha-Adrenoceptor blockade was achieved with three doses of @entity3 given by random assignment on three different study days in five male and five female healthy subjects. Core temperature, mean skin-surface temperature, fingertip capillary blood flow and metabolic heat production were measured. Dose-response curves were plotted for all measured variables, and males and females were compared to identify potential gender differences. 3. Core temperature decreased with all doses of @entity3 . At the completion of the @entity3 infusion, the decrease in core temperature was more significant with high-dose (0.3 +/- 0.1 degrees C, P = 0.03) and with medium-dose (0.2 +/- 0.0 degrees C, P = 0.05) @entity3 than with low-dose @entity3 (0.1 +/- 0.0 degrees C). The maximum core temperature decrease during the study was more significant with high dose (0.6 +/- 1 degrees C) than with medium (0.3 +/- 1 degrees C, P = 0.04) or low (0.3 +/- 1 degrees C, P = 0.005) doses. Mean skin-surface temperature was increased with all doses. Fingertip blood flow was increased (approximately 60% above baseline) with the medium and high doses, but was unchanged with the low dose. Total body @entity1 consumption was unchanged regardless of dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Role of alpha-adrenoceptors in the maintenance of core temperature in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. We have examined the effect of hypoalbuminaemia, a hallmark of @entity2 , on the albumin- @entity1 equilibrium in the plasma of 11 adult @entity0 with @entity3 compared with 12 healthy subjects and six subjects with normoalbuminaemic hyperlipoproteinaemia. 2. We used a dialysis exchange rate method which allows the evaluation in relative terms of the binding affinity of albumin for plasma @entity1 and the @entity1 availability, tentatively equated with the unbound @entity1 fraction. 3. In @entity2 @entity0 , an increase (P < 0.001) in albumin affinity for @entity1 was seen compared with healthy subjects, which was negatively correlated with albuminaemia (r = -0.69, P < 0.02). No change in @entity1 availability was seen for the group as a whole, but individual values showed a wide scatter, with the highest values in four @entity0 with the highest @entity1 -albumin molar ratios. The increase in albumin affinity for @entity1 was specific to @entity2 since no such effect was seen in subjects with hyperlipoproteinaemia, who only showed a moderate increase (P < 0.01) in @entity1 availability. 4. The increased albumin affinity for @entity1 in @entity2 supports the hypothesis that an albumin component with lower affinity for @entity1 might filter out through the diseased glomerular membrane and leave the high-affinity albumin in plasma.

title: High-affinity interaction of long-chain fatty acids with serum albumin in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a disorder of a biological origin affecting the neurodevelopment of the brain. It is estimated that 3-7% of school-age @entity0 present @entity1 . The most commonly used pharmacological treatments are amphetamines and methylphenidate (MPH). Although response rates to MPH are high, full remission rates reach only 56%. The 25% of @entity0 who do not respond to MPH would show a response to other stimulants and vice-versa. AIMS. To clinically evaluate @entity0 by detecting inadequate responses and the efficacy of a change to lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX). @entity0 AND METHODS. The study was prospective and observation-based. Inadequate responses were considered to be those that presented non-coverage or no effect. The @entity1 Rating Scale IV ( @entity1 -RS-IV) and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) assessment scales were used for the clinical assessment, together with the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS) and the @entity0 Health and Illness Profile (CHIP-AE). Data regarding adverse side effects were also collected. RESULTS. Forty-one @entity0 met criteria for inadequate response to treatment: 13.6    3.4 years, 54.6    13.2 kg, 158.5    17.2 cm and body mass index of 20.9    3.5 kg/m2. Reasons for change (non-exclusive): non-coverage (76%), lack of intensity of effect (68%) and presence of adverse side effects with the previous medication (16%). The mean score both at baseline and at nine months, on the @entity1 -RS, was 24.54    6.3 versus 12.01    3.2 (p < 0.01), respectively, and for the CGI-S values were 5.09    0.5 versus 2.91    0.8 (p < 0.01), respectively. The safety profile coincided with that of other stimulant-based treatments for @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS. When the response to MPH presents non-coverage or lack of effect, changing to LDX has proved to be effective, with an improvement in 86.7% of cases, which is similar to that of other studies. It is therefore a good therapeutic option in these @entity0 .

title: [Change in the therapeutic strategy when faced with an inadequate response to the pharmacological treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The presence of Melan-A positive dermal cells in excisions for @entity1 in situ represents a frequent conundrum for pathologists. These cells may represent superficially invasive @entity1 , benign, incidental, dermal nevi or non-specific staining of dermal melanophages. Occasionally, rare, Melan-A positive dermal cells are present which do not clearly correspond to the above three categories. Our objective was to further characterize these Melan-A positive dermal cells. To do this, immunoperoxidase staining for Melan-A and @entity3 was performed on 188-cutaneous excisions, including examples of @entity1 in situ, atypical @entity2 and @entity0 . These were evaluated for the presence of Melan-A and @entity3 positive dermal cells. Dermal cells, positive for both markers, were identified in 17% of the excisions. The cells were present in 10% of cases from the melanocytic group and 31% of the cases from the non-melanocytic group. These cells did not exhibit cytologic atypia and resembled neither the co-existing @entity0 nor melanophages. We conclude that positivity of these rare Melan-A positive cells for @entity3 argues that they represent true melanocytes and not non-specific staining. The absence of cytologic atypia in these cells and their presence in excisions of @entity0 argues that they are benign, reactive, dermal melanocytes.

title: Melan-A positive dermal cells in XXXX in situ.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the electric activity of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ), or electrovasogram (EVG), in 14 mongrel @entity1 . METHODS: The @entity3 was exposed in the spermatic cord and three electrodes were applied to it. Synchronous transcutaneous EVG was also recorded by another three electrodes. The electric activity and intravasal pressure (IVP) were determined at rest, during ejaculation, and after vasal myotomy. RESULTS: Slow waves or pacesetter potentials (PPs) were recorded regularly from all electrodes applied to the @entity3 whether directly or transcutaneously. They had identical frequency and regular rhythm from all the electrodes and were consistent in the individual @entity1 on all test days. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) followed PPs randomly and were associated with an IVP increase, indicating a state of contractile activity. Just before ejaculation, the PPs and @entity2 increased significantly (P < 0.05) and were associated with IVP rise (P < 0.01). During ejaculation, there was rhythmic increase of the PPs, @entity2 , and IVP (P < 0.01 for frequency and amplitude, P < 0.05 for velocity of PPs and P < 0.001 for IVP) followed by a silent period and return to the resting activity (P > 0.05). After vasal myotomy, PPs and @entity2 were recorded proximal but not distal to the cut. This suggests that the PPs and @entity2 spread caudally from the proximal part of the @entity3 that is believed to be the site of a pacemaker that triggers the PPs. The PPs seem to pace the vasal contractile activity in terms of direction and frequency. CONCLUSIONS: A normal EVG pattern was characterized for the @entity3 , which may be deranged in the various vasal pathologic conditions. EVG may thus be proposed to be included as an investigative tool in the diagnosis of @entity0 .

title: Electrovasogram: a @entity1 study of the electromechanical activity of the XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the electric activity of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ), or electrovasogram (EVG), in 14 mongrel @entity1 . METHODS: The @entity3 was exposed in the spermatic cord and three electrodes were applied to it. Synchronous transcutaneous EVG was also recorded by another three electrodes. The electric activity and intravasal pressure (IVP) were determined at rest, during ejaculation, and after vasal myotomy. RESULTS: Slow waves or pacesetter potentials (PPs) were recorded regularly from all electrodes applied to the @entity3 whether directly or transcutaneously. They had identical frequency and regular rhythm from all the electrodes and were consistent in the individual @entity1 on all test days. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) followed PPs randomly and were associated with an IVP increase, indicating a state of contractile activity. Just before ejaculation, the PPs and @entity2 increased significantly (P < 0.05) and were associated with IVP rise (P < 0.01). During ejaculation, there was rhythmic increase of the PPs, @entity2 , and IVP (P < 0.01 for frequency and amplitude, P < 0.05 for velocity of PPs and P < 0.001 for IVP) followed by a silent period and return to the resting activity (P > 0.05). After vasal myotomy, PPs and @entity2 were recorded proximal but not distal to the cut. This suggests that the PPs and @entity2 spread caudally from the proximal part of the @entity3 that is believed to be the site of a pacemaker that triggers the PPs. The PPs seem to pace the vasal contractile activity in terms of direction and frequency. CONCLUSIONS: A normal EVG pattern was characterized for the @entity3 , which may be deranged in the various vasal pathologic conditions. EVG may thus be proposed to be included as an investigative tool in the diagnosis of @entity0 .

title: Electrovasogram: a XXXX study of the electromechanical activity of the @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 is among the most promising of the new anti- @entity1 drugs, but two unrelated complications have been noted in @entity0 receiving @entity6 for chronic @entity1 . These are, transient behavioural @entity5 of @entity0 continuing to take @entity6 (decreasing retention rate) during long-term treatment. Psychotic reactions have been carefully documented both in @entity0 receiving standard and new anti- @entity1 drugs, and in up to 6% of @entity0 after @entity1 surgery. As many @entity3 are associated with a dramatic cessation of @entity2 (i.e. high efficacy of treatment), it is not surprising that behavioural abnormalities are more often seen in @entity0 receiving higher, more effective doses of @entity6 , particularly those taking more than 3 g/day. A gradual dose increase and slow withdrawal is recommended for possible prevention of behavioural abnormalities, at least in some @entity0 . During treatment with standard anti- @entity1 drugs, approximately 50% of @entity0 remain on randomized treatment with the same drug for several years. For @entity4 , a new drug, the figure is 60%, and for @entity6 it is about 50%. Although comparative trials are not available, the retention rate for @entity6 does not appear to be strikingly different to that reported for conventional anti- @entity1 drugs. In summary, behavioural abnormalities and falling retention rates appear to be general features of @entity1 , and are certainly not exclusively associated with the use of @entity6 . Controlled trials are required to establish the specific contribution, if any, of @entity6 in development of these complications of @entity1 .

title: Behavioural abnormalities and retention rates of anti- @entity1 drugs during long-term treatment of XXXX : a clinical perspective.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 is among the most promising of the new anti- @entity1 drugs, but two unrelated complications have been noted in @entity0 receiving @entity6 for chronic @entity1 . These are, transient behavioural @entity5 of @entity0 continuing to take @entity6 (decreasing retention rate) during long-term treatment. Psychotic reactions have been carefully documented both in @entity0 receiving standard and new anti- @entity1 drugs, and in up to 6% of @entity0 after @entity1 surgery. As many @entity3 are associated with a dramatic cessation of @entity2 (i.e. high efficacy of treatment), it is not surprising that behavioural abnormalities are more often seen in @entity0 receiving higher, more effective doses of @entity6 , particularly those taking more than 3 g/day. A gradual dose increase and slow withdrawal is recommended for possible prevention of behavioural abnormalities, at least in some @entity0 . During treatment with standard anti- @entity1 drugs, approximately 50% of @entity0 remain on randomized treatment with the same drug for several years. For @entity4 , a new drug, the figure is 60%, and for @entity6 it is about 50%. Although comparative trials are not available, the retention rate for @entity6 does not appear to be strikingly different to that reported for conventional anti- @entity1 drugs. In summary, behavioural abnormalities and falling retention rates appear to be general features of @entity1 , and are certainly not exclusively associated with the use of @entity6 . Controlled trials are required to establish the specific contribution, if any, of @entity6 in development of these complications of @entity1 .

title: Behavioural abnormalities and retention rates of anti- XXXX drugs during long-term treatment of @entity1 : a clinical perspective.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the contributing factors for @entity2 after tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). METHODS: Between May 2009 and December 2013, 395 tubeless PCNLs were performed at our hospital. After stone extraction, the @entity4 points were cauterized for hemostasis to enable tubeless modification. In @entity0 with troublesome @entity4 after cauterization, oxidized regenerated cellulose (Surgicel) strips were used to tamponade the access tract to facilitate @entity4 control. The contributory factors for @entity2 were evaluated by a retrospective chart review. RESULTS: Forty-four @entity0 (11.7%) developed @entity2 after tubeless PCNL. There was no difference in gender, age, and body mass index in the development of @entity2 . Episodes of febrile or septic @entity3 before PCNL were found to have occurred in 35 @entity0 , but the incidence of @entity1 was not significantly higher in these @entity0 . There is no significant difference in the mean stone size in @entity2 and nonfever @entity0 . @entity5 were noted in 40 @entity0 , and their @entity2 rate was not significantly higher than @entity0 with nonstaghorn stone. The operation time is not significantly higher in the group with @entity3 . @entity0 with @entity1 had a high incidence of residual stones than the remaining @entity0 (38.9% vs 20.4%). There was no significant difference in incidence of @entity1 in @entity0 with struvite stones than @entity0 with nonstruvite stones. In @entity0 who received Surgicel packing, the incidence of @entity2 was not significantly higher. CONCLUSION: Incomplete stone extraction is a major contributing factor for the development of @entity2 after tubeless PCNL.

title: Contributing factors for XXXX after tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Thirty @entity0 with severe @entity8 were each given a total of 1600-mg artesunate suppository over three consecutive days followed by 1250 mg @entity7 per os, divided into two doses which were given 12 h apart. All @entity0 were admitted for 28 days to the Bangkok Hospital for @entity1 , so that the efficacy and tolerability of the treatment could be assessed. All the @entity0 showed clinical improvement, with mean (S.D.) parasite and fever clearance times of 50.4 (13.0) and 70.7 (44.9) h, respectively. Two @entity0 with unrousable @entity4 ( @entity4 score < or = 8) on admittance regained consciousness 46 and 48 h post-treatment. One other @entity0 had @entity5 and required dialysis. Most @entity0 (80%) were @entity6 , with a mean density of 184,344 parasites/microliters blood. No @entity2 occurred. Efficacy was evaluated in 25 of the @entity0 . The cure rate 28 days post-treatment was 92%. None of the @entity0 had major adverse effects although two had tenesmus and passed stools immediately after each suppository was administered. A fresh suppository had to be inserted when this occurred. The results indicate that artesunate suppositories followed by oral @entity7 constitute a well-tolerated regimen with a high cure rate. The combination is suitable as an alternative treatment for severe @entity3 , particularly in @entity0 . Further, large-scale studies are required.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of a sequential, artesunate suppository plus XXXX , treatment of severe @entity8 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Thirty @entity0 with severe @entity8 were each given a total of 1600-mg artesunate suppository over three consecutive days followed by 1250 mg @entity7 per os, divided into two doses which were given 12 h apart. All @entity0 were admitted for 28 days to the Bangkok Hospital for @entity1 , so that the efficacy and tolerability of the treatment could be assessed. All the @entity0 showed clinical improvement, with mean (S.D.) parasite and fever clearance times of 50.4 (13.0) and 70.7 (44.9) h, respectively. Two @entity0 with unrousable @entity4 ( @entity4 score < or = 8) on admittance regained consciousness 46 and 48 h post-treatment. One other @entity0 had @entity5 and required dialysis. Most @entity0 (80%) were @entity6 , with a mean density of 184,344 parasites/microliters blood. No @entity2 occurred. Efficacy was evaluated in 25 of the @entity0 . The cure rate 28 days post-treatment was 92%. None of the @entity0 had major adverse effects although two had tenesmus and passed stools immediately after each suppository was administered. A fresh suppository had to be inserted when this occurred. The results indicate that artesunate suppositories followed by oral @entity7 constitute a well-tolerated regimen with a high cure rate. The combination is suitable as an alternative treatment for severe @entity3 , particularly in @entity0 . Further, large-scale studies are required.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of a sequential, artesunate suppository plus @entity7 , treatment of severe XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is becoming an increasingly commonplace health problem. Obesity during pregnancy is important because the condition adversely affects not only the mother, but also the developing fetus and the newborn. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between maternal body mass index (mBMI) at the time of delivery and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission of offspring and to analyze the role of possible confounding variables that are often associated with @entity2 . Comorbidities, such as @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and/or @entity4 ( @entity4 ), are more common in more @entity2 mothers, as is a higher association of @entity2 among non-Caucasian @entity0 . METHODS: Using a retrospective cohort design, 1736 mothers and their singleton live-born at      >= 35 weeks' gestation were analyzed for mBMI, maternal conditions of @entity1 , @entity3 and/or @entity4 , and whether NICU care was required and the reason for NICU admission. RESULTS: NICU admission rate was significantly associated with maternal @entity2 . In comparing @entity0 with mBMI      <   30 versus mBMI   >=    30, OR was 1.39 (p   =   0.045); OR increased to 1.76 (p   =   0.006) in comparing @entity0 with mBMI    >=    35. mBMI was significantly associated with an increased rate of maternal @entity1 , @entity3 and @entity4 (p   <   0.05 each); however, NICU admission rate was not correlated with @entity1 , @entity3 or @entity4 . The relationship between NICU admission and mBMI was significant in Caucasian mothers versus a borderline significance in African-American mothers (p   =   0.035 versus p   =   0.05). After controlling for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) as the reason for admission to the NICU, no mBMI-NICU association persisted. The rate of @entity0 with @entity5 increased in higher mBMI groups, independent of maternal @entity1 diagnosis. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a significant association between higher mBMI groups and NICU admissions independent of diagnosis of maternal comorbidities. However, accounting for @entity5 eliminating this association suggests a pre-clinical @entity1 pathology in @entity2 @entity0 that affects newborn outcome. Despite increased percentage of nonwhite mothers in higher mBMI groups, African-American race does not seem to be a significant contributing factor in the increased rate of NICU admission in our population.

title: Increasing maternal body mass index during pregnancy increases neonatal intensive care unit admission in near and full-term XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Levels of @entity4 and activity of @entity3 synthetase were assayed in organs of @entity0 following inhalation of a heterogeneous solvent mixture containing both aliphatic and @entity5 . This mixture was administered for 3 weeks (6 h daily) at two levels in the inhaled air (400 and 800 ppm) to young adult (5-month-old) and aged (14-month-old) @entity0 . @entity1 of levels of @entity3 synthetase in the P2 fraction of kidney was observed, which was more severe in aged than young adult @entity0 . @entity3 synthetase is a cytosolic enzyme especially susceptible to oxidative damage. A parallel @entity1 of this enzyme was also seen in the corresponding hepatic fractions. However, levels of @entity3 synthetase in the hippocampus were elevated by this exposure. @entity4 levels were @entity1 in P2 fractions of livers of exposed @entity0 , and also in the corresponding renal fraction. @entity4 concentration was unchanged in cerebral fractions. Overall results were interpreted to imply that pro-oxidant events were @entity2 following prolonged inhalation of the solvent mixture. The changes found in brain tissue did not reveal evidence of oxidative stress but, however, suggested that glial activation was taking place.

title: Changes in markers of oxidative status in brain, liver and kidney of young and aged XXXX following exposure to aromatic white spirit.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a widely accepted surgical procedure for the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The purpose of our study was to investigate the reliability and efficacy of ACDF using self-locking stand-alone @entity4 ( @entity4 ) cages, with two anchoring clips placed in the upper and lower vertebrae, respectively. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty-six @entity0 who underwent ACDF using a stand-alone @entity4 cage packed with local osteophytes and cancellous allograft bone from January 2010 to January 2012 were enrolled in this study. Clinical findings were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and Odom criteria. Intervertebral height and cervical fusion status were assessed on X-ray. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity0 underwent ACDF using a stand-alone @entity4 cervical cage. All @entity0 had a minimum 2  years of follow-up. The operative levels were C3/4, C4/5 in seven @entity0 , C4/5, C5/6 in 13 @entity0 , and C4/5, C6/7 in six @entity0 . At 3  days, 6  months, and 2  years of follow-ups, the JOA scores were 10.41      1.67, 13.78      1.91, 14.42      2.09, respectively, which was significantly higher (p  <  0.01) than preoperative (7.34      1.71), whereas VAS overall @entity1 score was 4.35      1.32, 1.73      0.44, 1.32      0.57, respectively, which was significantly lower (p  <  0.01) than preoperative (8.01      1.16). The @entity3 preoperatively was 33.94      11.75, 23.53      10.92 at 3  days postoperatively, 12.64      8.36 at 6  months, and 10.74      7.92 at 2  years of follow-ups. Intervertebral height was 5.99      0.31  mm preoperatively, 8.70      0.23  mm at 3  days, 8.34      0.61  mm at 6  months, and 8.22      0.35  mm at 2  years of follow-ups. According to Odom criteria, 10 @entity0 (38.4  %) presented with an excellent clinical outcome, 15 good (57.6  %), 1 fair (3.8  %), and no @entity0 presented a poor outcome. Solid fusion was achieved in all @entity0 (100  %) at a mean time of 4.5  months. CONCLUSION: ACDF using a self-locking stand-alone @entity4 cage with two anchoring clips placed in the upper and lower vertebrae, respectively, could be considered a safe and effective substitute for fusion in @entity0 with two-level @entity2 ; it can effectively restore the intervertebral height, facilitate radiologic follow-up, cause few complications, and lead to satisfactory outcomes.

title: Two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using self-locking stand-alone XXXX cages with two anchoring clips placed in the upper and lower vertebrae, respectively.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Maximal thymectomy was carried out in 48 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). There were 18 males and 30 females. @entity5 was found in 38, and @entity4 thymus in 8, @entity0 . Two @entity0 had @entity1 . In the non-thymomatous @entity3 complete remission was achieved in 16 @entity0 (34.8%) and pharmacological remission in 20 @entity0 (43.5%) thus giving a total remission in 36 (78.3%) @entity0 . Six @entity0 (13%) improved. There was no improvement in four @entity0 . Thus, the overall benefit from thymectomy was 91.4% in this series. We found that sex, age at onset of disease and steroid therapy influenced the outcome of thymectomy. On the other hand, duration of disease, anti- @entity2 receptor (AntiAchR) antibodies and thymic histology did not have any bearing on the complete remission rate.

title: Maximal thymectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity3