abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is a @entity2 -like pathogen and can cause life-threatening @entity4 . Its cell surface is enriched with mannan that is resistant to complement activation. Previously, we developed the recombinant human @entity5 antimannan antibody M1g1. M1g1 was found to promote complement activation and phagocytosis and protect @entity1 from @entity4 . Here, we evaluate the influence of IgG subclass on antimannan antibody-mediated protection. Three IgG subclass variants of M1g1 were constructed: M1g2, M1g3, and M1g4. The IgG subclass identity for each of the four variants was confirmed with DNA sequence and subclass-specific antibodies. These variants contain the identical M1 Fab and exhibited similar binding affinities for @entity3 @entity2 and purified mannan. @entity2 cells and hyphae recovered from the kidney of antibody-treated @entity1 with @entity4 showed uniform binding of each variant, indicating constitutive expression of the M1 epitope and antibody opsonization in the kidney. All variants promoted deposition of both @entity1 and @entity0 C3 onto the @entity2 cell surface with M1g4 showing a delayed activation, as determined by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. M1g4-mediated complement activation was found to be associated with its M1 Fab that activates the alternative pathway in an Fc-independent manner. Treatment with each subclass variant extended the survival of @entity1 with @entity4 (P < 0.001). However, except M1g2, treatment with M1g1, M1g3 or M1g4 also reduced the kidney fungal burden (P < 0.001). Thus, the role of human antimannan antibody in host resistance to @entity4 is influenced by its IgG subclass.

title: Influence of IgG subclass on human antimannan antibody-mediated resistance to hematogenously disseminated candidiasis in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have functions in diverse biological processes such as growth, signal transduction, disease resistance, and stress responses in plants. Thermotherapy is an effective approach for elimination of viruses from fruit trees. However, the role of miRNAs in this process remains elusive. Previously, we showed that high temperature treatment reduces the titers of @entity3 ) from the tips of in vitro-grown @entity1 plants. In this study, we identified high temperature-altered pear miRNAs using the next generation sequencing technology, and futher molecularly characterized miRNA-mediated regulaton of target gene expression in the meristem tip and base tissues of in vitro-grown, @entity2 -infected pear shoots under different temperatures. RESULTS: Using in vitro-grown @entity1 shoot meristem tips infected with @entity2 , a total of 22,592,997 and 20,411,254 clean reads were obtained from Illumina high-throughput sequencing of small RNA libraries at 24    C and 37    C, respectively. We identified 149 conserved and 141 novel miRNAs. Seven conserved miRNAs and 77 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed at different temperatures. Target genes for differentially expressed known and novel miRNAs were predicted and functionally annotated. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that high-ranking miRNA target genes were involved in metabolic processes, responses to stress, and signaling, indicating that these high temperature-responsive miRNAs have functions in diverse gene regulatory networks. Spatial expression patterns of the miRNAs and their target genes were found to be expressed in shoot tip and base tissues by qRT-PCR. In addition, high temperature reduced viral titers in the shoot meristem tip, while negatively regulated miRNA-mediated target genes related to resistance disease defense and hormone signal transduction pathway were up-regulated in the @entity1 shoot tip in response to high temperature. These results suggested that miRNAs may have important functions in the high temperature-dependent decrease of @entity2 titer in in vitro-grown pear shoots. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of miRNAs differentially expressed at 24    C and 37    C in the meristem tip of pear shoots infected with @entity2 . The results of this study provide valuable information for further exploration of the function of high temperature-altered miRNAs in suppressing @entity0 in pear and other fruit trees.

title: Identification and characterization of microRNAs from in vitro-grown pear shoots infected with XXXX in response to high temperature using small RNA sequencing.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no published empirical research about the experiences of orthopaedic and @entity1 nurses who have cared for @entity0 with a @entity2 . However, adults with a @entity2 sustain more @entity1 , falls and accidents than the general population. Because of their increased health needs, there has been a corresponding increase in their numbers attending general/acute hospitals. The 6 Cs is a contemporary framework and has been used to gauge how orthopaedic and @entity1 nurses rate the Care, Communication, Competence, Commitment, Courage and Compassion for @entity0 with a @entity2 in orthopaedic and @entity1 hospital settings compared to @entity0 without a @entity2 . AIM: The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of orthopaedic and @entity1 nurses who have cared for @entity0 with a @entity2 . DESIGN: The study is based on a descriptive survey design and used a questionnaire to elicit data from @entity0 . METHODS: A convenience sample of Registered Nurses completed a questionnaire. The study was explained to delegates attending a concurrent session on the topic of acute hospital care for @entity0 with a @entity2 at a conference and the questionnaire was left on a table for @entity0 to take if they wished. Questionnaires were returned anonymously. FINDINGS: Of the @entity0 who had completed the questionnaire 100% (n   =   13) had cared for a @entity0 with a @entity2 . Using the 6 Cs as a framework suggested that care, communication and competence of nurses were worse for @entity0 with a @entity2 than for @entity0 without a @entity2 . Three main themes emerged regarding areas of good practices: (1) promoting a positive partnership with @entity0 and carers; (2) modifying care and interventions; (3) supporting the healthcare team. CONCLUSION: There was evidence of good practices within orthopaedic and @entity1 settings such as the active involvement of family or a paid carer who is known to the @entity0 and the modification of care and interventions along with specialist advice and support from the Acute Liaison @entity2 Nurse. There were areas of concern such as the lack of use of Hospital Passports and the inconsistent implementation of reasonable and achievable adjustments. It is unknown if the care for @entity0 with a @entity2 is adequate. However, the themes that have emerged accord with the key domains in 'A competency framework for orthopaedic and @entity1 practitioners' (Royal College of Nursing 2012a, 2012b) and therefore could be considered for inclusion in future orthopaedic and @entity1 competencies to enable sharing of best practices.

title: The experiences of orthopaedic and @entity1 nurses who have cared for adults with a XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no published empirical research about the experiences of orthopaedic and @entity1 nurses who have cared for @entity0 with a @entity2 . However, adults with a @entity2 sustain more @entity1 , falls and accidents than the general population. Because of their increased health needs, there has been a corresponding increase in their numbers attending general/acute hospitals. The 6 Cs is a contemporary framework and has been used to gauge how orthopaedic and @entity1 nurses rate the Care, Communication, Competence, Commitment, Courage and Compassion for @entity0 with a @entity2 in orthopaedic and @entity1 hospital settings compared to @entity0 without a @entity2 . AIM: The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of orthopaedic and @entity1 nurses who have cared for @entity0 with a @entity2 . DESIGN: The study is based on a descriptive survey design and used a questionnaire to elicit data from @entity0 . METHODS: A convenience sample of Registered Nurses completed a questionnaire. The study was explained to delegates attending a concurrent session on the topic of acute hospital care for @entity0 with a @entity2 at a conference and the questionnaire was left on a table for @entity0 to take if they wished. Questionnaires were returned anonymously. FINDINGS: Of the @entity0 who had completed the questionnaire 100% (n   =   13) had cared for a @entity0 with a @entity2 . Using the 6 Cs as a framework suggested that care, communication and competence of nurses were worse for @entity0 with a @entity2 than for @entity0 without a @entity2 . Three main themes emerged regarding areas of good practices: (1) promoting a positive partnership with @entity0 and carers; (2) modifying care and interventions; (3) supporting the healthcare team. CONCLUSION: There was evidence of good practices within orthopaedic and @entity1 settings such as the active involvement of family or a paid carer who is known to the @entity0 and the modification of care and interventions along with specialist advice and support from the Acute Liaison @entity2 Nurse. There were areas of concern such as the lack of use of Hospital Passports and the inconsistent implementation of reasonable and achievable adjustments. It is unknown if the care for @entity0 with a @entity2 is adequate. However, the themes that have emerged accord with the key domains in 'A competency framework for orthopaedic and @entity1 practitioners' (Royal College of Nursing 2012a, 2012b) and therefore could be considered for inclusion in future orthopaedic and @entity1 competencies to enable sharing of best practices.

title: The experiences of orthopaedic and XXXX nurses who have cared for adults with a @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To critically evaluate the American Joint Commission on @entity2 (AJCC)/International Union Against @entity2 (UICC) 1997 staging system and look back on its achievements by comparing it with the AJCC/UICC 1992 and Ho 1978 staging systems. To identify areas for additional refinement, we analyzed the prognostic heterogeneity within each stage in depth, which provided important clues for the addition or better categorization of the different defining criteria. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We performed a retrospective review of the data from 1294 consecutive biopsy-proven nonmetastatic @entity3 @entity0 and staged the extent of disease according to the defining criteria of the three staging systems. All @entity0 had undergone detailed pretreatment assessment by fiberoptic endoscopy and CT. Radical-intent radiotherapy was given using the Ho technique according to our standard protocol. RESULTS: The AJCC/UICC 1997 staging system was superior to the other two staging systems, because it assigned @entity0 to more uniform-size stage groupings and correlated better with prognosis. Parapharyngeal space involvement was not an independent predictor for survival, local control, or @entity1 . On the other hand, carotid space involvement correlated with a greater likelihood of @entity1 . Prognostic heterogeneity was found. Those with orbit, cranial nerve, or @entity4 fared worse within Stage T4; those with a maximal lymph node size >3 cm fared worse within Stage N2; and those with bilateral lymph node @entity1 fared worse within Stage N3. CONCLUSION: The prognostic accuracy of the AJCC/UICC 1997 staging system can be improved further by recategorization of the T, N, and group stage criteria.

title: In-depth evaluation of the AJCC/UICC 1997 staging system of XXXX : prognostic homogeneity and proposed refinements.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present successful triplet pregnancy and delivery after oocyte donation and IVF in a female with chromosome mosaicism for @entity6 , @entity8 , and terminal Xp deletion. DESIGN: Descriptive case study. SETTING: Large tertiary care hospital. @entity0 (S): A 23-year-old infertile @entity0 with @entity5 , @entity3 , and a mosaic karyotype of 45,X[10]/46,X,idic(X)(qter-->p22.3::p22.3-->qter)[40]. Fluorescence in situ hybridization investigation of the isodicentric X chromosome revealed terminal Xp deletion. INTERVENTION(S): Ultrasound and laparoscopic examinations revealed @entity1 and a hypoplastic uterus. Oocyte donation and IVF resulted in a triplet pregnancy without major maternal complications. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Ultrasound and laparoscopy. RESULT(S): A cesarean section was performed at 32 weeks gestation because of @entity7 and malpresentation. Three babies were delivered with birth weights of 1,514 g, 1,686 g, and 1,968 g. All @entity0 survived and were healthy at 3 years of age. CONCLUSION(S): With careful evaluation and counseling, assisted reproductive technology can be safely used in females with mosaic @entity4 and @entity2 .

title: Successful triplet pregnancy and delivery after oocyte donation in an infertile female with chromosome mosaicism for XXXX , @entity8 , and terminal Xp deletion.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present successful triplet pregnancy and delivery after oocyte donation and IVF in a female with chromosome mosaicism for @entity6 , @entity8 , and terminal Xp deletion. DESIGN: Descriptive case study. SETTING: Large tertiary care hospital. @entity0 (S): A 23-year-old infertile @entity0 with @entity5 , @entity3 , and a mosaic karyotype of 45,X[10]/46,X,idic(X)(qter-->p22.3::p22.3-->qter)[40]. Fluorescence in situ hybridization investigation of the isodicentric X chromosome revealed terminal Xp deletion. INTERVENTION(S): Ultrasound and laparoscopic examinations revealed @entity1 and a hypoplastic uterus. Oocyte donation and IVF resulted in a triplet pregnancy without major maternal complications. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Ultrasound and laparoscopy. RESULT(S): A cesarean section was performed at 32 weeks gestation because of @entity7 and malpresentation. Three babies were delivered with birth weights of 1,514 g, 1,686 g, and 1,968 g. All @entity0 survived and were healthy at 3 years of age. CONCLUSION(S): With careful evaluation and counseling, assisted reproductive technology can be safely used in females with mosaic @entity4 and @entity2 .

title: Successful triplet pregnancy and delivery after oocyte donation in an infertile female with chromosome mosaicism for @entity6 , XXXX , and terminal Xp deletion.

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: Thyroid nodules are common, with a lifetime risk of developing a clinically significant thyroid nodule of 10% or higher. Preoperative diagnosis was greatly enhanced by the introduction of fine needle aspiration in the 1970s, but there has been little advancement since that time. Discrimination between benign and @entity0 is currently not possible by fine needle aspiration and can even be difficult after full pathologic review. The purpose of these studies is to identify genes expressed in follicular @entity3 and @entity1 of the thyroid that will permit molecular differentiation of these @entity0 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Gene expression patterns of 17 @entity4 were analyzed by oligonucleotide array analysis. Gene profiles for follicular @entity3 and @entity1 were identified, and the two groups were compared for differences in expression levels. The differentially expressed genes were used to perform a hierarchical clustering analysis training set. Five @entity0 with diagnosis undisclosed to the investigators and 2 minimally invasive @entity1 were entered into the cluster analysis as a test set to determine whether diagnosis by gene profile correlated with that obtained by pathologic evaluation. RESULTS: @entity2 and @entity1 showed strikingly distinct gene expression patterns. The expression patterns of 105 genes were found to be significantly different between follicular @entity3 and @entity1 . Many uncharacterized genes contributed to the distinction between @entity0 types. For five @entity0 for which the final diagnosis was undisclosed, the clustering algorithm gave the correct diagnosis in all 5 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Gene profiling is a useful tool to predict the molecular diagnosis of follicular @entity2 . Genes were identified that reliably differentiate @entity2 from @entity3 . This study provides insight into genes that may be important in the molecular pathogenesis of follicular @entity2 , as well candidates for preoperative diagnosis of @entity2 .

title: Classification of follicular XXXX by molecular signature: results of gene profiling.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Hepatic hydrothorax is the paradigmatic @entity3 in @entity5 . It is defined as a @entity3 in a @entity0 with @entity2 and no @entity1 . The estimated prevalence of this complication in @entity0 with @entity5 is 5 to 6%. Its pathophysiology involves movement of ascitic fluid from the peritoneal cavity into the pleural space through diaphragmatic defects. Thoracentesis and pleural fluid analysis are necessary for diagnosis. Initial management consists of @entity4 restriction, diuretics, and therapeutic thoracentesis. A transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may provide a bridge prior to liver transplantation. Spontaneous bacterial @entity6 is the infection of a preexisting hydrothorax. The more frequent bacteria involved are ENTEROBACTERIACEAE and gram-positive cocci. Antibiotic therapy is the cornerstone of therapy. This article reviews etiology, clinical manifestations, and therapy of these two complications of @entity5 and @entity2 .

title: XXXX in liver disease.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Follow-up examinations were performed on 41 @entity0 with 51 flexor @entity1 of the hand. Eighty per cent of the accidents were caused by a cut mostly from broken glass. The results were classified according to Buck-Gramcko. Primary repair (n = 32) was followed in 72% of an acceptable, good or optimal result. Half on these @entity0 had been treated according to Kleinert's method. Secondary repair (n = 19) showed a good or optimal result in 53%. A more detailed analysis gives no evidence that the @entity0 's age or the localisation of the injury are of major importance in achieving good results. However, primary repair, optimal surgical technique and early mobilisation according to Kleinert seem to be essential for an adequate outcome. Therefore, acute flexor @entity1 in childhood should only be treated under optimal circumstances (e.g., daytime, surgical team). Otherwise, surgical repair should be delayed for 12 to 48 hours until the best circumstances are available. Furthermore, exact surveillance of the postoperative mobilisation is of crucial importance. In @entity0 who need a flexor tendon transplant, early mobilisation according to Kleinert also seems to produce favourable results.

title: [Flexor XXXX in childhood].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationships over time between dual trajectories of @entity1 and several cognitive domains. METHODS: In a 5-year longitudinal study, 1,978 randomly selected individuals aged 65+ years at recruitment were assessed annually. Repeated measures were of @entity1 on the modified Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and composite scores in the cognitive domains of attention, executive function, memory, language, and visuospatial function. Latent class trajectories were identified for @entity1 and for each cognitive domain and their associations investigated using dual trajectory modeling. Cognitive trajectories with z scores below  -1 were designated as persistently low. RESULTS: Five depressive symptom trajectories were observed: rarely depressed (60.5%); low-grade, decreasing symptoms (18.5%); low-grade, increasing symptoms (9.6%); moderate-grade symptoms (7.4%); and consistent higher-grade symptoms (4.0%). For each cognitive domain six trajectories were observed. The rarely depressed and low-grade decreasing symptom groups were the least likely to have persistently low cognition. The symptom trajectory most strongly associated with persistently low functioning in each domain was not the higher-grade group but rather the low-grade increasing group in the case of attention and the moderate-grade trajectory in the other four domains. CONCLUSION: Consistently higher-grade @entity1 are less strongly associated with poor cognitive functioning than with either moderate- or low-grade increasing depressive symptom trajectories, over time and across different domains. Examining both @entity1 and @entity0 allows heterogeneity of both to be addressed, revealing latent groups with potential diagnostic and prognostic implications.

title: Dual Trajectories of XXXX : A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Low density lipoprotein (LDL) is probably the most atherogenic of all the lipoproteins. @entity12 in LDL metabolism seem to be associated with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) one of them being an elevation of plasma LDL concentration. Recent findings suggest that disorders in the metabolism of LDL could be associated with accelerated @entity7 even without elevated LDL levels such as increased flux of LDL and changes in the LDL composition. Elevation of plasma LDL levels can be caused by two factors, first, a decrease in the clearance of LDL and second, an overproduction of this lipoprotein. Catabolism of LDL is largely determined by the LDL receptors as clearly shown in @entity0 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ). In this @entity3 the @entity0 do not have normal LDL receptors and their LDL levels are remarkably elevated. LDL production is also increased in these subjects. In the rest of the population LDL levels are regulated by both the LDL clearance and production rate. The latter also seems to be related to the @entity9 activity. The conversion of the LDL precursor, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) to LDL is the most important factor regulating LDL synthesis. When the @entity9 activity is low a large fraction of VLDL apolipoprotein B ( @entity10 ), the major structural protein in VLDL, is converted to LDL, and LDL production is high. On the other hand, only a small part of VLDL @entity10 is converted to LDL resulting in low LDL synthesis rate in conditions with high @entity9 activity. The relationships between production and clearance of LDL are, however, more complex. There are individuals who produce a large number of VLDL and LDL particles but maintain LDL concentrations at a normal level by clearing their LDL very effectively. These subjects obviously have another abnormality in lipoprotein metabolism namely an overproduction of @entity10 . This disorder has been observed in several conditions like @entity2 , @entity1 , several @entity0 with @entity13 and some normolipidemic subjects with premature @entity5 . In all these conditions increased transport of LDL can be associated with @entity6 even in the absence of @entity11 . This raises the possibility that increased flux of LDL could itself be atherogenic possibly by overloading reverse @entity4 transport. Finally, there is some evidence that LDL particle composition may be important in the process of atherogenesis. High LDL @entity10 but normal LDL @entity4 levels, hyperapobetalipoproteinemia, has been associated with premature @entity5 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Abnormalities in metabolism of low density lipoproteins associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to identify distinct trajectories of recovery in older @entity1 @entity0 in order to identify optimal samples and points for interventions. METHODS: The sample was 368 @entity0 ages 60   years and older diagnosed with @entity1 and enrolled in a naturalistic treatment study and followed for up to 3   years. RESULTS: A model with four trajectory classes fit the data best: a quick recovery class (43%), a persistent moderate symptom class (27%), a persistent high symptom class (15%), and a slow recovery class (15%). Compared with @entity0 in the quick recovery class, @entity0 in the persistent moderate symptom class had more instrumental activities of daily living/mobility limitations and lower levels of subjective social support. @entity0 in the persistent high symptom class had higher levels of perceived stress and lower levels of social support compared with those with a quick recovery. @entity0 in the slow recovery class had a younger age of onset compared with those in the quick recovery group. In multinomial logistic regression, levels of perceived stress and social support at baseline significantly differed across classes controlling for demographic and health variables. CONCLUSIONS: Older @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 can have varying patterns of response to treatment. Interventions targeting those @entity0 with higher levels of perceived stress and lower levels of subjective social support at the time of the index episode may lead to more favorable long-term trajectories. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Heterogeneity in the three-year course of XXXX among older adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: More than half of @entity0 who smoke in the USA continue to do so while pregnant. While socioeconomic and demographic factors that distinguish pregnancy quitters from persistent smokers have been identified, less is known about behavioral factors that are associated with persistent smoking. Because smoking during pregnancy is not only an individual, but also a maternal behavior, it may have different behavioral correlates than @entity0 's smoking has in general. We propose a conceptual framework in which smoking during pregnancy is viewed as a maternal @entity1 . We explore this conceptualization by examining whether persistent smoking during pregnancy is associated with a pattern of psychosocial risk- and health-compromising behaviors in multiple domains, with pilot data from a small clinic-based sample. Data are presented for 96 predominantly Caucasian, working-class pregnant @entity0 recruited from prenatal clinics in the USA. Smoking during pregnancy was measured repeatedly by self-report and biochemical assay. @entity0 were non-smokers (37%), pregnancy quitters (17%), and persistent smokers (46%). These groups were compared in terms of their history of @entity1 in three domains: interpersonal difficulties, problems in adaptive functioning and problematic health behaviors. With few exceptions, smokers were more likely to have problematic relationships, poorer adaptive functioning and to engage in problematic health behaviors, than both pregnancy quitters and non-smokers. This pattern of @entity1 may interfere with the effectiveness of standard public health prenatal cessation interventions for a sub-group of @entity0 . Examining pregnancy smoking as part of a broader matrix of @entity1 may help to identify pregnant @entity0 most at risk for persistent smoking and inform the development of targeted interventions.

title: Pregnant smokers who quit, pregnant smokers who don't: does history of XXXX make a difference?

answer: @entity1


abstract: A lack of consensus regarding the definition of even an everyday term can affect physician adherence to clinical guidelines using that term. We demonstrate this by taking, as an illustrative case, the American Academy of Pediatrics' @entity1 ( @entity1 ) management guidelines, which generally recommend at-home observation by a "competent" parent (or the equivalent). The recommendation assumes consensus among physicians as to what parental competence comprises. We systematically examined this assumption. Physicians associated with @entity0 's Hospital, San Diego were mailed a survey asking them to freely list terms defining parental competence. Independent variables were: physician gender, training, specialty, practice location, @entity0 age mix, years in practice, and number of @entity1 cases seen per year. Dependent variables were: free-list content and length, ease and style of competence decision-making style (e.g., independent or collaborative), familiarity with the guidelines, and likelihood of ordering a computed tomography (CT) scan. Of 112 respondents, 34 (30%) were "not at all" or only "slightly" familiar with the guidelines; 23% (21/112) "frequently" or "sometimes" ordered CTs when the guidelines did not support this. Surgeons were more likely to order discretionary CTs. Office-based, pediatric-trained, and female physicians each found it significantly easier than their counterparts to determine which parents were, in their opinion, competent. @entity0 reported using "objective" criteria significantly less frequently than @entity0 . A total of 64 discrete criteria were listed. Individual lists contained an average of 6.5 items. Surgeon's lists were significantly shorter than those of medical physicians. Seven sub-domains of competence were identified. Parental competence is not a unitary construct interpreted similarly by all physicians. Subgroups with distinct models may exist; training and specialization may be key variables. To decrease @entity1 management variation, guidelines should specify parental competence factors to be considered; they may need to be tailored to different physician subgroups.

title: Variation in physicians' definitions of the competent parent and other barriers to guideline adherence: the case of pediatric XXXX management.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Obturator @entity4 is rare type of @entity7 and its diagnosis usually is made intraoperatively for @entity6 or computed tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen. The aim of this study was to review @entity0 's records with respect to clinical manifestation, CT scan findings, and operative outcomes. METHODS: From April 2009 to January 2015, six female @entity0 with @entity8 underwent urgent operation for acute @entity5 . The medical records were reviewed with respect to clinical manifestation, findings of CT scan and the outcomes of operation. RESULTS: The median age of @entity0 was 83 years (range, 79-87 years) and the body mass index was 21.61      0.52  kg/m(2). CT scans of abdomen demonstrated that @entity5 , consistency with operative findings. Partial bowel resection was performed in two of six @entity0 because of @entity1 of @entity8 . The @entity4 was repaired with interrupted sutures. @entity3 occurred in one @entity0 , and wound @entity2 in another. One recurrence was observed and two @entity0 died from the unrelated diseases during the period of follow-up. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of @entity8 can be made by CT scan preoperatively, and the @entity8 should be suspected when an unexplained @entity6 in elderly, thin @entity0 occurs.

title: Bowel obstruction secondary to XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) may be suitable for treating @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) who are difficult to treat with any other option. However, it remains unclear whether @entity2 extends survival in these @entity0 . Among the 957 @entity1 @entity0 treated at Tohoku University Hospital from January 2007 to December 2013, only 49 @entity0 received @entity2 . We therefore retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of these @entity0 ; they were divided into three groups based on the reasons for choosing @entity2 : 27 @entity0 at Stage IV A (67.1    1.6 years, 50.5    2.1 Gy), 9 @entity0 with alternative therapy (72.2    2.4 years, 58.9    1.1 Gy), and 13 @entity0 who received @entity2 after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) (75.6    2.1 years, 56.5    1.5 Gy). @entity2 was employed to ensure the local control of the lesion. The @entity0 at Stage IV A were treated with radical @entity2 (n = 16) or with palliative @entity2 (n = 11). In radical @entity2 group, the response rate was 37.5% and the complete response rate was 25%. The survival rate was 12.5    2.6 months after radical @entity2 . This is considered relatively good for Stage IV A. The disease-free survival rate was 13.0    2.8 months after @entity2 . This excellent disease-free survival indicates that @entity2 is an alternative to other treatments. In the TACE group, @entity0 who received the @entity2 had the significantly long disease-free survival rate than only-TACE (18.0    3.8 months vs. 11.2    0.58 months). We propose that @entity2 is effective and safe for @entity1 .

title: Radiation Therapy Is a Reasonable Option for Improving the Prognosis in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: NifQ- and Mol- mutants of @entity7 show an elevated @entity8 requirement for @entity6 fixation. Substitution of @entity4 for @entity2 as the @entity3 source in the medium reduced the @entity8 requirement of these mutants to levels required by the wild type. @entity4 also increased the intracellular @entity8 accumulation of NifQ- and Mol- mutants. @entity4 did not affect the @entity8 requirement or accumulation in wild-type @entity7 . @entity2 transport and metabolism in @entity7 were repressed by @entity4 . However, the effect of @entity4 on the @entity8 requirement could not be explained by an interaction between @entity2 and molybdate at the transport level. @entity4 increased the @entity8 requirement of Mol- mutants for @entity5 reductase activity by at least 100-fold. @entity4 had the same effect on the @entity8 requirement for @entity5 reductase activity in @entity1 ChlD- mutants. This shows that @entity4 does not have a generalized effect on @entity8 metabolism. Millimolar concentrations of @entity9 inhibited nitrogenase and @entity5 reductase derepression with @entity2 as the @entity3 source, but not with @entity4 . The inhibition was the result of a specific antagonism of @entity2 metabolism by molybdate. The effects of nifQ and mol mutations on nitrogenase could be suppressed either by the addition of @entity4 or by high concentrations of molybdate. This suggests that a @entity3 donor and @entity8 interact at an early step in the biosynthesis of the @entity0 - @entity8 cofactor. This interaction might occur nonenzymatically when the levels of the reactants are high.

title: Biosynthesis of the @entity0 - @entity8 cofactor and the @entity8 cofactor in @entity7 : effect of XXXX source.

answer: @entity3


abstract: NifQ- and Mol- mutants of @entity7 show an elevated @entity8 requirement for @entity6 fixation. Substitution of @entity4 for @entity2 as the @entity3 source in the medium reduced the @entity8 requirement of these mutants to levels required by the wild type. @entity4 also increased the intracellular @entity8 accumulation of NifQ- and Mol- mutants. @entity4 did not affect the @entity8 requirement or accumulation in wild-type @entity7 . @entity2 transport and metabolism in @entity7 were repressed by @entity4 . However, the effect of @entity4 on the @entity8 requirement could not be explained by an interaction between @entity2 and molybdate at the transport level. @entity4 increased the @entity8 requirement of Mol- mutants for @entity5 reductase activity by at least 100-fold. @entity4 had the same effect on the @entity8 requirement for @entity5 reductase activity in @entity1 ChlD- mutants. This shows that @entity4 does not have a generalized effect on @entity8 metabolism. Millimolar concentrations of @entity9 inhibited nitrogenase and @entity5 reductase derepression with @entity2 as the @entity3 source, but not with @entity4 . The inhibition was the result of a specific antagonism of @entity2 metabolism by molybdate. The effects of nifQ and mol mutations on nitrogenase could be suppressed either by the addition of @entity4 or by high concentrations of molybdate. This suggests that a @entity3 donor and @entity8 interact at an early step in the biosynthesis of the @entity0 - @entity8 cofactor. This interaction might occur nonenzymatically when the levels of the reactants are high.

title: Biosynthesis of the XXXX - @entity8 cofactor and the @entity8 cofactor in @entity7 : effect of @entity3 source.

answer: @entity0


abstract: NifQ- and Mol- mutants of @entity7 show an elevated @entity8 requirement for @entity6 fixation. Substitution of @entity4 for @entity2 as the @entity3 source in the medium reduced the @entity8 requirement of these mutants to levels required by the wild type. @entity4 also increased the intracellular @entity8 accumulation of NifQ- and Mol- mutants. @entity4 did not affect the @entity8 requirement or accumulation in wild-type @entity7 . @entity2 transport and metabolism in @entity7 were repressed by @entity4 . However, the effect of @entity4 on the @entity8 requirement could not be explained by an interaction between @entity2 and molybdate at the transport level. @entity4 increased the @entity8 requirement of Mol- mutants for @entity5 reductase activity by at least 100-fold. @entity4 had the same effect on the @entity8 requirement for @entity5 reductase activity in @entity1 ChlD- mutants. This shows that @entity4 does not have a generalized effect on @entity8 metabolism. Millimolar concentrations of @entity9 inhibited nitrogenase and @entity5 reductase derepression with @entity2 as the @entity3 source, but not with @entity4 . The inhibition was the result of a specific antagonism of @entity2 metabolism by molybdate. The effects of nifQ and mol mutations on nitrogenase could be suppressed either by the addition of @entity4 or by high concentrations of molybdate. This suggests that a @entity3 donor and @entity8 interact at an early step in the biosynthesis of the @entity0 - @entity8 cofactor. This interaction might occur nonenzymatically when the levels of the reactants are high.

title: Biosynthesis of the @entity0 - XXXX cofactor and the @entity8 cofactor in @entity7 : effect of @entity3 source.

answer: @entity8


abstract: NifQ- and Mol- mutants of @entity7 show an elevated @entity8 requirement for @entity6 fixation. Substitution of @entity4 for @entity2 as the @entity3 source in the medium reduced the @entity8 requirement of these mutants to levels required by the wild type. @entity4 also increased the intracellular @entity8 accumulation of NifQ- and Mol- mutants. @entity4 did not affect the @entity8 requirement or accumulation in wild-type @entity7 . @entity2 transport and metabolism in @entity7 were repressed by @entity4 . However, the effect of @entity4 on the @entity8 requirement could not be explained by an interaction between @entity2 and molybdate at the transport level. @entity4 increased the @entity8 requirement of Mol- mutants for @entity5 reductase activity by at least 100-fold. @entity4 had the same effect on the @entity8 requirement for @entity5 reductase activity in @entity1 ChlD- mutants. This shows that @entity4 does not have a generalized effect on @entity8 metabolism. Millimolar concentrations of @entity9 inhibited nitrogenase and @entity5 reductase derepression with @entity2 as the @entity3 source, but not with @entity4 . The inhibition was the result of a specific antagonism of @entity2 metabolism by molybdate. The effects of nifQ and mol mutations on nitrogenase could be suppressed either by the addition of @entity4 or by high concentrations of molybdate. This suggests that a @entity3 donor and @entity8 interact at an early step in the biosynthesis of the @entity0 - @entity8 cofactor. This interaction might occur nonenzymatically when the levels of the reactants are high.

title: Biosynthesis of the @entity0 - @entity8 cofactor and the XXXX cofactor in @entity7 : effect of @entity3 source.

answer: @entity8


abstract: NifQ- and Mol- mutants of @entity7 show an elevated @entity8 requirement for @entity6 fixation. Substitution of @entity4 for @entity2 as the @entity3 source in the medium reduced the @entity8 requirement of these mutants to levels required by the wild type. @entity4 also increased the intracellular @entity8 accumulation of NifQ- and Mol- mutants. @entity4 did not affect the @entity8 requirement or accumulation in wild-type @entity7 . @entity2 transport and metabolism in @entity7 were repressed by @entity4 . However, the effect of @entity4 on the @entity8 requirement could not be explained by an interaction between @entity2 and molybdate at the transport level. @entity4 increased the @entity8 requirement of Mol- mutants for @entity5 reductase activity by at least 100-fold. @entity4 had the same effect on the @entity8 requirement for @entity5 reductase activity in @entity1 ChlD- mutants. This shows that @entity4 does not have a generalized effect on @entity8 metabolism. Millimolar concentrations of @entity9 inhibited nitrogenase and @entity5 reductase derepression with @entity2 as the @entity3 source, but not with @entity4 . The inhibition was the result of a specific antagonism of @entity2 metabolism by molybdate. The effects of nifQ and mol mutations on nitrogenase could be suppressed either by the addition of @entity4 or by high concentrations of molybdate. This suggests that a @entity3 donor and @entity8 interact at an early step in the biosynthesis of the @entity0 - @entity8 cofactor. This interaction might occur nonenzymatically when the levels of the reactants are high.

title: Biosynthesis of the @entity0 - @entity8 cofactor and the @entity8 cofactor in XXXX : effect of @entity3 source.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity2 must be focused not only as a cause of direct damage to osseous structures, but also of future disturbances of dentofacial development. Treatment is aimed at restoring normal joint function, occlusion and symmetry. Any disturbance of condylar cartilage will result in alteration of mandibular development. The subsequent deformity of jaw and face will depend not only on the type, intensity extent and chronology of the noxious agent, but also on the particular time of occurrence and growth activity. Thus the effect will be more decided if the disturbance occurs early in life, during childhood, when growth activity is greater and mandibular shape and size have not been assumed yet. This report will include basic information on both prevention and first aid in these types of @entity1 . The correct application of these precautions immediately following the @entity1 should improve the short and long-term outcome. Information on diagnosis and treatment of lesions of the bone and soft tissues, which may coexist with dental @entity1 , a critical first step in the overall management of traumatized @entity0 , will be given. Follow-up procedures of these @entity0 will be illustrated. The guidelines described in this paper for the treatment of traumatic @entity2 in @entity0 and youths are based on our clinical experience. They are intended as an aid to practioners in the management and treatment of these @entity1 , by professional must always use professional judgement. There are no guarantees of any positive results associated with the use of these guidelines, although it is felt that time and proper treatment will maximize the chances of success.

title: XXXX in @entity0 and adolescents: treatment guidelines.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 must be focused not only as a cause of direct damage to osseous structures, but also of future disturbances of dentofacial development. Treatment is aimed at restoring normal joint function, occlusion and symmetry. Any disturbance of condylar cartilage will result in alteration of mandibular development. The subsequent deformity of jaw and face will depend not only on the type, intensity extent and chronology of the noxious agent, but also on the particular time of occurrence and growth activity. Thus the effect will be more decided if the disturbance occurs early in life, during childhood, when growth activity is greater and mandibular shape and size have not been assumed yet. This report will include basic information on both prevention and first aid in these types of @entity1 . The correct application of these precautions immediately following the @entity1 should improve the short and long-term outcome. Information on diagnosis and treatment of lesions of the bone and soft tissues, which may coexist with dental @entity1 , a critical first step in the overall management of traumatized @entity0 , will be given. Follow-up procedures of these @entity0 will be illustrated. The guidelines described in this paper for the treatment of traumatic @entity2 in @entity0 and youths are based on our clinical experience. They are intended as an aid to practioners in the management and treatment of these @entity1 , by professional must always use professional judgement. There are no guarantees of any positive results associated with the use of these guidelines, although it is felt that time and proper treatment will maximize the chances of success.

title: @entity2 in XXXX and adolescents: treatment guidelines.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 19-year-old @entity0 with @entity7 and increasingly severe @entity4 received various examinations including exercise stress radionuclide test, which revealed hypokinesis and @entity2 in the apex and @entity8 . Conventional selective coronary arteriography and newly-developed ECG synchronized digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed to identify the genesis of her @entity5 . Selective coronary arteriography revealed congenital coronary arterial fistulae in the right and left coronary arteries. The largest @entity1 was observed around the obtuse marginal artery terminating in the left ventricle. Although stenosis of the left circumflex and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) were not observed, the @entity9 appeared to be hypoplastic. @entity3 of the @entity9 and the steal phenomenon by arterial @entity1 could have been responsible for the @entity5 in the apex, but this method did not clearly reveal the area and the degree of @entity5 in the apex. Sequentially subtracted images during the arterial and capillary phases were obtained by utilizing ECG-synchronized DSA for selective coronary arteriography. For these images, densitometric analysis was adapted to the myocardial region, i.e. circumferential densitometry using 21 segments around the left ventricular wall. @entity2 was clearly demonstrated in the apex in capillary phase images. Moreover, circumferential analysis provided detailed information about the area and the degree of @entity6 in the myocardium. This analysis by DSA may prove useful for evaluating myocardial perfusion abnormalities.

title: [Regional myocardial perfusion abnormality detected by digital subtraction angiography in a case of XXXX with coronary arterial fistulae].

answer: @entity7


abstract: The immunological phenotype of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was determined with immunoperoxidase techniques. A medium was used which allowed cells to stand at room temperature for 24 h without appreciable loss of cells. From 62 @entity0 a total number of 208 CSF specimens were analysed. It proved possible to perform 4 determinations and a control reaction on 2.5 ml of CSF: cell count, cytology, E-rosetting and staining with a monoclonal antibody, provided that more than 1 cell per mm3 were present. This study focussed on the presence of the common @entity2 marker (cALL, determined with the monoclonal antibody J5). All 21 CSF specimens containing more than 5% cALL positive cells were from @entity0 with an initial diagnosis of common @entity2 , 8 of these samples were considered to be normal and 3 uncertain by standard cytological criteria. Six of the 8 samples which were cytologically normal, were from @entity0 who had clear meningeal involvement at diagnosis, or developed a relapse later. There were no @entity0 who developed a meningeal relapse on cytological criteria that was not detected by immunocytology. In one @entity0 a cytological diagnosis of meningeal relapse was not confirmed by immunocytology, this @entity0 is disease free 2 yr later without cytostatic treatment. Immunoperoxidase methods to detect cALL positive cells in CSF are an invaluable aid to the diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: Diagnosis of @entity1 using immunoperoxidase methods to demonstrate common XXXX cells in cerebrospinal fluid.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The immunological phenotype of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was determined with immunoperoxidase techniques. A medium was used which allowed cells to stand at room temperature for 24 h without appreciable loss of cells. From 62 @entity0 a total number of 208 CSF specimens were analysed. It proved possible to perform 4 determinations and a control reaction on 2.5 ml of CSF: cell count, cytology, E-rosetting and staining with a monoclonal antibody, provided that more than 1 cell per mm3 were present. This study focussed on the presence of the common @entity2 marker (cALL, determined with the monoclonal antibody J5). All 21 CSF specimens containing more than 5% cALL positive cells were from @entity0 with an initial diagnosis of common @entity2 , 8 of these samples were considered to be normal and 3 uncertain by standard cytological criteria. Six of the 8 samples which were cytologically normal, were from @entity0 who had clear meningeal involvement at diagnosis, or developed a relapse later. There were no @entity0 who developed a meningeal relapse on cytological criteria that was not detected by immunocytology. In one @entity0 a cytological diagnosis of meningeal relapse was not confirmed by immunocytology, this @entity0 is disease free 2 yr later without cytostatic treatment. Immunoperoxidase methods to detect cALL positive cells in CSF are an invaluable aid to the diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: Diagnosis of XXXX using immunoperoxidase methods to demonstrate common @entity2 cells in cerebrospinal fluid.

answer: @entity1


abstract: It is now well established that @entity3 and @entity2 are absolutely essential for mammary gland development. Lactation can be induced in non-pregnant animals by sex @entity0 hormone treatment. Most of the genomic actions of @entity3 are mediated by two @entity3 receptors ( @entity4 and @entity5 , and for gestagens in ruminants by the @entity2 receptor (PR). Our aim was the evaluation of mRNA expression and protein (localisation and Western blotting) during mammogenesis, lactogenesis, galactopoiesis (early, middle and late) and involution (8, 24, 28, 96-108 h and 14-28 days after the end of milking) in the @entity1 mammary gland (total no. 53). During these stages, the mRNA was assessed by means of real-time RT-PCR (LightCycler). The protein for @entity4 , @entity5 and PR was localised by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The mRNA expression results indicated the existence of @entity4 , @entity5 and PR in @entity1 mammary gland. Both @entity4 and PR are expressed in fg/ micro g total RNA range. The highest mRNA expression was found for @entity4 and PR in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, followed by a significant decrease to a lower level at the time of lactogenesis with low concentrations remaining during lactation and the first 4 weeks of involution. In contrast, the expression of @entity5 was about 1000-fold lower (ag/ micro g total RNA) and showed no clear difference during the stages examined, with a significant increase only 2-4 weeks after the end of milking. Immunolocalisation for @entity4 revealed a strong positive staining in nuclei of lactocytes in non-pregnant heifers, became undetectable during pregnancy, lactogenesis and lactation, and was again detectable 14-28 days after the end of milking. In contrast, PR was localised in the nuclei of epithelial cells in the mammary tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, in primigravid animals, and during late lactation and involution. During lactogenesis, peak and mid lactation, fewer nuclei of epithelial cells were positive, but increased staining of the cytoplasm of epithelial cells was obvious. @entity4 and @entity5 protein was found in all mammary gland stages examined by Western blotting. In contrast to mRNA expression, the protein signal for @entity4 was weaker in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers and during involution (4 weeks). @entity5 protein showed a stronger signal (two isoform bands) in non-pregnant heifers and 4 weeks after the end of milking. This correlated with the mRNA expression data. Three isoforms of PR (A, B and C) were found by Western blotting in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, but only isoform B remained during the following stages (lactogenesis, galactopoiesis and involution). In conclusion, the mRNA expression and protein data for ER and PR showed clear regulatory changes, suggesting involvement of these receptors in @entity1 mammary gland development and involution.

title: Expression and localisation of @entity3 and @entity2 receptors in the XXXX mammary gland during development, function and involution.

answer: @entity1


abstract: It is now well established that @entity3 and @entity2 are absolutely essential for mammary gland development. Lactation can be induced in non-pregnant animals by sex @entity0 hormone treatment. Most of the genomic actions of @entity3 are mediated by two @entity3 receptors ( @entity4 and @entity5 , and for gestagens in ruminants by the @entity2 receptor (PR). Our aim was the evaluation of mRNA expression and protein (localisation and Western blotting) during mammogenesis, lactogenesis, galactopoiesis (early, middle and late) and involution (8, 24, 28, 96-108 h and 14-28 days after the end of milking) in the @entity1 mammary gland (total no. 53). During these stages, the mRNA was assessed by means of real-time RT-PCR (LightCycler). The protein for @entity4 , @entity5 and PR was localised by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The mRNA expression results indicated the existence of @entity4 , @entity5 and PR in @entity1 mammary gland. Both @entity4 and PR are expressed in fg/ micro g total RNA range. The highest mRNA expression was found for @entity4 and PR in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, followed by a significant decrease to a lower level at the time of lactogenesis with low concentrations remaining during lactation and the first 4 weeks of involution. In contrast, the expression of @entity5 was about 1000-fold lower (ag/ micro g total RNA) and showed no clear difference during the stages examined, with a significant increase only 2-4 weeks after the end of milking. Immunolocalisation for @entity4 revealed a strong positive staining in nuclei of lactocytes in non-pregnant heifers, became undetectable during pregnancy, lactogenesis and lactation, and was again detectable 14-28 days after the end of milking. In contrast, PR was localised in the nuclei of epithelial cells in the mammary tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, in primigravid animals, and during late lactation and involution. During lactogenesis, peak and mid lactation, fewer nuclei of epithelial cells were positive, but increased staining of the cytoplasm of epithelial cells was obvious. @entity4 and @entity5 protein was found in all mammary gland stages examined by Western blotting. In contrast to mRNA expression, the protein signal for @entity4 was weaker in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers and during involution (4 weeks). @entity5 protein showed a stronger signal (two isoform bands) in non-pregnant heifers and 4 weeks after the end of milking. This correlated with the mRNA expression data. Three isoforms of PR (A, B and C) were found by Western blotting in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, but only isoform B remained during the following stages (lactogenesis, galactopoiesis and involution). In conclusion, the mRNA expression and protein data for ER and PR showed clear regulatory changes, suggesting involvement of these receptors in @entity1 mammary gland development and involution.

title: Expression and localisation of XXXX and @entity2 receptors in the @entity1 mammary gland during development, function and involution.

answer: @entity3


abstract: It is now well established that @entity3 and @entity2 are absolutely essential for mammary gland development. Lactation can be induced in non-pregnant animals by sex @entity0 hormone treatment. Most of the genomic actions of @entity3 are mediated by two @entity3 receptors ( @entity4 and @entity5 , and for gestagens in ruminants by the @entity2 receptor (PR). Our aim was the evaluation of mRNA expression and protein (localisation and Western blotting) during mammogenesis, lactogenesis, galactopoiesis (early, middle and late) and involution (8, 24, 28, 96-108 h and 14-28 days after the end of milking) in the @entity1 mammary gland (total no. 53). During these stages, the mRNA was assessed by means of real-time RT-PCR (LightCycler). The protein for @entity4 , @entity5 and PR was localised by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The mRNA expression results indicated the existence of @entity4 , @entity5 and PR in @entity1 mammary gland. Both @entity4 and PR are expressed in fg/ micro g total RNA range. The highest mRNA expression was found for @entity4 and PR in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, followed by a significant decrease to a lower level at the time of lactogenesis with low concentrations remaining during lactation and the first 4 weeks of involution. In contrast, the expression of @entity5 was about 1000-fold lower (ag/ micro g total RNA) and showed no clear difference during the stages examined, with a significant increase only 2-4 weeks after the end of milking. Immunolocalisation for @entity4 revealed a strong positive staining in nuclei of lactocytes in non-pregnant heifers, became undetectable during pregnancy, lactogenesis and lactation, and was again detectable 14-28 days after the end of milking. In contrast, PR was localised in the nuclei of epithelial cells in the mammary tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, in primigravid animals, and during late lactation and involution. During lactogenesis, peak and mid lactation, fewer nuclei of epithelial cells were positive, but increased staining of the cytoplasm of epithelial cells was obvious. @entity4 and @entity5 protein was found in all mammary gland stages examined by Western blotting. In contrast to mRNA expression, the protein signal for @entity4 was weaker in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers and during involution (4 weeks). @entity5 protein showed a stronger signal (two isoform bands) in non-pregnant heifers and 4 weeks after the end of milking. This correlated with the mRNA expression data. Three isoforms of PR (A, B and C) were found by Western blotting in the tIssue of non-pregnant heifers, but only isoform B remained during the following stages (lactogenesis, galactopoiesis and involution). In conclusion, the mRNA expression and protein data for ER and PR showed clear regulatory changes, suggesting involvement of these receptors in @entity1 mammary gland development and involution.

title: Expression and localisation of @entity3 and XXXX receptors in the @entity1 mammary gland during development, function and involution.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity1 -Band is a safe, reversible, minimally invasive, and effective bariatric technique, whose main late complications are herniation/dilation of the pouch, erosion/migration of the band, and problems with the adjustment system (subcutaneous access port and connection tubing). We describe the surgical timing and techniques for dealing with the principal complications. METHODS: Between October 1995 and September 2001, we treated 540 @entity0 (mean age 43 years, mean BMI 42.6 kg/m(2)). All operations were completed laparoscopically, with no intra-operative complications or mortality. Late complications were: problems with the band adjustment system (n=35); herniation/dilations of the pouch (n=14); erosions/migration of the band into the stomach (n=3). RESULTS: We dealt successfully with all complications using a minimally invasive technique. @entity2 /dilations of the pouch necessitated 15 successful repositionings of the band, and 2 removals of the band at the @entity0 ' request. Erosion/migration was treated by endo-laparoscopic band removal. Problems with the band adjustment system had to be corrected laparoscopically, under general anesthesia in 17 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: While emphasizing the rarity of complications, we have codified re-operation techniques to help @entity1 -Band users solve them using a minimally invasive procedure. In particular, problems with the port and connection tubing system can be completely avoided with a transverse subcutaneous positioning in a straight line.

title: Codification of techniques for reoperation after XXXX -Band.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the favorable prognosis for @entity0 ( @entity0 ), the guidelines for the use of adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 have not been clearly established. This study investigated the prognostic role of adjuvant chemotherapy in Korean @entity1 with node-negative (N0), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 @entity1 . METHODS: We included data from 252 @entity1 with N0 @entity3 @entity0 , obtained from the Korean Breast Cancer Registry database. @entity1 were categorized as those who did not undergo adjuvant chemotherapy (group I) or those who did (group II). Clinicopathological characteristics, @entity0 -specific survival (BCSS), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were compared between the groups. In addition, a subgroup analysis for survival based on @entity2 size was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 252 N0 @entity3 @entity0 @entity1 with @entity2 sizes >1 cm who were diagnosed between April 1997 and March 2011 were enrolled. The median age was 44.95 years (range, 25-72 years), and the median follow-up period was 93.94 months (range, 23-195 months). Overall, the BCSS and @entity4 in group II (97.3% and 97.3%, respectively) were significantly better compared with those in group I (89.2% and 86.2%, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, in @entity1 with @entity2 >2 cm in size, those in group II had significant better BCSS and @entity4 (97.5% and 97.5%, respectively) compared with those in group I (78.3% and 73.9%, respectively). In contrast in those with @entity2 1-2 cm in size, there were no significant differences in BCSS and @entity4 between the groups (both 97.1% for group I, and 95.2% and 92.9%, respectively for group II). Multivariate analysis revealed that adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved BCSS (P = 0.009) and @entity4 (P = 0.007), but only for @entity1 with @entity2 (>2 cm). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with N0 @entity3 @entity0 , adjuvant chemotherapy had a significant clinical survival benefit, but only in those with @entity2 >2 cm.

title: Prognostic Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Node-Negative (N0), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), Medullary Breast Cancer ( XXXX ) in the Korean Population.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the favorable prognosis for @entity0 ( @entity0 ), the guidelines for the use of adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 have not been clearly established. This study investigated the prognostic role of adjuvant chemotherapy in Korean @entity1 with node-negative (N0), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 @entity1 . METHODS: We included data from 252 @entity1 with N0 @entity3 @entity0 , obtained from the Korean Breast Cancer Registry database. @entity1 were categorized as those who did not undergo adjuvant chemotherapy (group I) or those who did (group II). Clinicopathological characteristics, @entity0 -specific survival (BCSS), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were compared between the groups. In addition, a subgroup analysis for survival based on @entity2 size was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 252 N0 @entity3 @entity0 @entity1 with @entity2 sizes >1 cm who were diagnosed between April 1997 and March 2011 were enrolled. The median age was 44.95 years (range, 25-72 years), and the median follow-up period was 93.94 months (range, 23-195 months). Overall, the BCSS and @entity4 in group II (97.3% and 97.3%, respectively) were significantly better compared with those in group I (89.2% and 86.2%, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, in @entity1 with @entity2 >2 cm in size, those in group II had significant better BCSS and @entity4 (97.5% and 97.5%, respectively) compared with those in group I (78.3% and 73.9%, respectively). In contrast in those with @entity2 1-2 cm in size, there were no significant differences in BCSS and @entity4 between the groups (both 97.1% for group I, and 95.2% and 92.9%, respectively for group II). Multivariate analysis revealed that adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved BCSS (P = 0.009) and @entity4 (P = 0.007), but only for @entity1 with @entity2 (>2 cm). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with N0 @entity3 @entity0 , adjuvant chemotherapy had a significant clinical survival benefit, but only in those with @entity2 >2 cm.

title: Prognostic Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Node-Negative (N0), XXXX ( @entity3 ), Medullary Breast Cancer ( @entity0 ) in the Korean Population.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the favorable prognosis for @entity0 ( @entity0 ), the guidelines for the use of adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 have not been clearly established. This study investigated the prognostic role of adjuvant chemotherapy in Korean @entity1 with node-negative (N0), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 @entity1 . METHODS: We included data from 252 @entity1 with N0 @entity3 @entity0 , obtained from the Korean Breast Cancer Registry database. @entity1 were categorized as those who did not undergo adjuvant chemotherapy (group I) or those who did (group II). Clinicopathological characteristics, @entity0 -specific survival (BCSS), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were compared between the groups. In addition, a subgroup analysis for survival based on @entity2 size was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 252 N0 @entity3 @entity0 @entity1 with @entity2 sizes >1 cm who were diagnosed between April 1997 and March 2011 were enrolled. The median age was 44.95 years (range, 25-72 years), and the median follow-up period was 93.94 months (range, 23-195 months). Overall, the BCSS and @entity4 in group II (97.3% and 97.3%, respectively) were significantly better compared with those in group I (89.2% and 86.2%, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, in @entity1 with @entity2 >2 cm in size, those in group II had significant better BCSS and @entity4 (97.5% and 97.5%, respectively) compared with those in group I (78.3% and 73.9%, respectively). In contrast in those with @entity2 1-2 cm in size, there were no significant differences in BCSS and @entity4 between the groups (both 97.1% for group I, and 95.2% and 92.9%, respectively for group II). Multivariate analysis revealed that adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved BCSS (P = 0.009) and @entity4 (P = 0.007), but only for @entity1 with @entity2 (>2 cm). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with N0 @entity3 @entity0 , adjuvant chemotherapy had a significant clinical survival benefit, but only in those with @entity2 >2 cm.

title: Prognostic Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Node-Negative (N0), @entity3 ( XXXX ), Medullary Breast Cancer ( @entity0 ) in the Korean Population.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is an important focal point for @entity4 individuals with uncontrolled illness. Anecdotally, many adults presenting to the @entity2 with acute @entity3 are active cigarette smokers. The present study determined the prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults presenting to the @entity2 with acute @entity3 and identified the factors associated with current smoking status. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study conducted as part of the Multicenter Airway Research Collaboration. @entity0 : A structured interview was performed in 1,847 @entity0 , ages 18 to 54 years, who presented to the @entity2 with acute @entity3 . SETTING: Sixty-four EDs in 21 US states and 4 Canadian provinces. RESULTS: Thirty-five percent of the enrolled @entity4 @entity0 were current smokers with a median of 10 pack-years (interquartile range, 4 to 20 pack-years), while 23% were former smokers, and 42% were never-smokers. Current smokers comprised 33% of @entity4 @entity0 aged 18 to 29 years, 40% for ages 30 to 39 years, and 33% for ages 40 to 54 (p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, the factors independently associated with current smoking status (p < 0.05) were as follows: age 30 to 39 years; white race/ethnicity; non-high school graduate; lower household income; lack of private insurance; no recent inhaled @entity1 usage; and no history of systemic @entity1 usage. Although 50% of current smokers admitted that smoking worsens their @entity3 symptoms, only 4% stated that smoking was responsible for their current exacerbation. CONCLUSIONS: Although cigarette smoke is generally recognized as a respiratory irritant, cigarette smoking is common among adults presenting to the @entity2 with acute @entity3 . The @entity2 visit may provide an opportunity for @entity0 to be targeted for smoking cessation efforts.

title: Cigarette smoking among XXXX adults presenting to 64 emergency departments.

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine whether differences in @entity4 severity between @entity0 and @entity0 referred to a sleep clinic are related to the differences in neck circumference (NC). STUDY DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: University hospital @entity1 clinic. @entity0 : A total of 3,942 @entity0 (2,753 @entity0 and 1,189 @entity0 ) referred to the sleep clinic. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: All @entity0 underwent nocturnal polysomnography. NC was used as a surrogate measure of upper airway @entity2 . We found that @entity4 , defined an the @entity3 / @entity4 index (AHI) > 10/h, was significantly more frequent (60% vs 32%, chi(2) < 0.0001) and severe (mean +/- SE, 25 +/- 26/h vs 12 +/- 19/h, p < 0.0001) in @entity0 than in @entity0 . @entity0 had significantly larger NC than @entity0 , but the difference became much less pronounced when we normalized NC to body height (0.24 +/- 0.02 vs 0.23 +/- 0.03, p < 0.0001). @entity0 had significantly higher AHI than @entity0 even after controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), and neck/height ratio (NHR); analysis of covariance showed that mean AHI was 24.4 +/- 0.4 in @entity0 vs 14.8 +/- 0.7 in @entity0 (p < 0.0001). This difference persisted even when we matched @entity0 and @entity0 for NHR and BMI. Finally, multiple regression analysis revealed the following: (1) NHR was the most significant predictor of AHI, accounting for 19% of the variability; and (2) the slope of AHI vs NHR was significantly higher in @entity0 than in @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: We conclude the following: (1) the frequency and severity of @entity4 in the sleep clinic population is greater in @entity0 than @entity0 , and (2) factors other than NC, age, and BMI must contribute to these gender differences.

title: Gender differences in XXXX : the role of neck circumference.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Whereas controversial, several studies have suggested that @entity4 (NO) alters cardiac contractility via @entity6 , @entity7 , or @entity8 synthetase (PARS) activation. This study determined whether burn-related upregulation of myocardial inducible NO synthase ( @entity9 ) and NO generation contributes to burn-mediated cardiac @entity3 . @entity0 homozygous null for the @entity9 gene ( @entity9 knockouts) were obtained from Jackson Laboratory. @entity9 knockouts (KO) as well as wild-type @entity0 were given a cutaneous burn over 40% of the total body surface area by the application of brass probes (1 x 2 x 0.3 cm) heated to 100 degrees C to the animals' sides and back for 5 s ( @entity9 /KO burn and wild-type burn). Additional groups of @entity9 KO and wild-type @entity0 served as appropriate sham burn groups ( @entity9 /KO sham and wild-type sham). Cardiac function was assessed 24 h postburn by perfusing hearts (n = 7-10 @entity0 /group). @entity1 in wild-type @entity0 @entity2 as indicated by the lower left ventricular pressure (LVP, 67 +/- 2 mmHg) compared with that measured in wild-type shams (94 +/- 2 mmHg, P < 0.001), a lower rate of LVP rise (+dP/dtmax, 1,620 +/- 94 vs. 2,240 +/- 58 mmHg/s, P < 0.001), and a lower rate of LVP fall (-dP/dtmax, 1,200 +/- 84 vs. 1,800 +/- 42 mmHg/s, P < 0.001). Ventricular function curves confirmed significant @entity3 after burn @entity1 in wild-type @entity0 . @entity1 in @entity9 KO @entity0 produced fewer @entity2 compared with those observed in wild-type burns (LVP: 78 +/- 5 mmHg; +dP/dt: 1,889 +/- 160 mmHg/s; -dP/dt: 1,480 +/- 154 mmHg/s). The use of a pharmacological approach to inhibit @entity9 ( @entity5 , given ip) in additional wild-type shams and burns confirmed the @entity9 KO data. Whereas the absence of @entity9 attenuated burn-mediated cardiac @entity3 , these experiments did not determine the contribution of cardiac-derived NO versus NO generated by immune cells. However, our data indicate a role for NO in @entity2 after major @entity1 .

title: Molecular and pharmacological approaches to inhibiting @entity4 after burn XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Whereas controversial, several studies have suggested that @entity4 (NO) alters cardiac contractility via @entity6 , @entity7 , or @entity8 synthetase (PARS) activation. This study determined whether burn-related upregulation of myocardial inducible NO synthase ( @entity9 ) and NO generation contributes to burn-mediated cardiac @entity3 . @entity0 homozygous null for the @entity9 gene ( @entity9 knockouts) were obtained from Jackson Laboratory. @entity9 knockouts (KO) as well as wild-type @entity0 were given a cutaneous burn over 40% of the total body surface area by the application of brass probes (1 x 2 x 0.3 cm) heated to 100 degrees C to the animals' sides and back for 5 s ( @entity9 /KO burn and wild-type burn). Additional groups of @entity9 KO and wild-type @entity0 served as appropriate sham burn groups ( @entity9 /KO sham and wild-type sham). Cardiac function was assessed 24 h postburn by perfusing hearts (n = 7-10 @entity0 /group). @entity1 in wild-type @entity0 @entity2 as indicated by the lower left ventricular pressure (LVP, 67 +/- 2 mmHg) compared with that measured in wild-type shams (94 +/- 2 mmHg, P < 0.001), a lower rate of LVP rise (+dP/dtmax, 1,620 +/- 94 vs. 2,240 +/- 58 mmHg/s, P < 0.001), and a lower rate of LVP fall (-dP/dtmax, 1,200 +/- 84 vs. 1,800 +/- 42 mmHg/s, P < 0.001). Ventricular function curves confirmed significant @entity3 after burn @entity1 in wild-type @entity0 . @entity1 in @entity9 KO @entity0 produced fewer @entity2 compared with those observed in wild-type burns (LVP: 78 +/- 5 mmHg; +dP/dt: 1,889 +/- 160 mmHg/s; -dP/dt: 1,480 +/- 154 mmHg/s). The use of a pharmacological approach to inhibit @entity9 ( @entity5 , given ip) in additional wild-type shams and burns confirmed the @entity9 KO data. Whereas the absence of @entity9 attenuated burn-mediated cardiac @entity3 , these experiments did not determine the contribution of cardiac-derived NO versus NO generated by immune cells. However, our data indicate a role for NO in @entity2 after major @entity1 .

title: Molecular and pharmacological approaches to inhibiting XXXX after burn @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Personal experience and results about the surgical treatment of @entity1 using the open technique operation are reported. METHODS: Between January 1984 and June 2001, 577 @entity0 (457 males and 120 females) underwent this surgical technique. Eighty-five @entity0 presented recurrences of the under-lying disease previously treated with closed technique in other centres. In order to reduce the risks of recurrence, @entity1 was widely resected in order to remove every fistulous track laterally or towards the anal edge. The surgical wound has to be wide, carefully drained, without vertical walls: the outer part of the wound should be wider than its bottom. The persistence of a hairless scar is a suitable result to avoid relapses. RESULTS: This surgical technique allowed very good RESULTS: Postsurgical morbidity was not observed in these @entity0 ; the median time to achieve healing was 8+/-2 weeks. Furthermore, after a 3 year follow-up, only 4 @entity0 (0.69%) relapsed. Recurrent dressings are needed; anyway they neither represent a limit of this technique nor lead to a long term absence from working. The postsurgical period of resting is quite similar to that usually prescribed after other surgical techniques and mainly depends on the @entity0 nature. The treatment with connective tissue repairing drugs may be useful to obtain an effective healing. CONCLUSIONS: In the authors' experience, the open surgical technique may obtain the definitive @entity1 , even if particularly wide, with a safe postsurgical course and a very hight percentage (99.31%) of complete healing without any relapse.

title: [Surgical treatment of XXXX with open surgical technique].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 are a common and frequently fatal illness. Presence of distance metastases from @entity2 does not preclude therapeutic treatments. Surgical resection is the standard treatment for hepatic colorectal metastasis. Some good results in hepatic metastasectomy are due to the progress of radiology which allows not only early findings of metastatic pathology but defines a surgical technique planning. @entity0 who are candidates for surgical resection are those with no extrahepatic pathology, resectable hepatic metastases with 1 cm of disease free margin and adequate residual parenchyma. Recurren-ces are shown in two thirds of surgical @entity0 ; this suggests that microscopic pathology persists commonly even after resection and that adjuvant therapy is critical. In recent years, many palliative techniques for @entity3 have been developed. Potentially useful role of these techniques is ablation of small lesions in @entity0 with contraindications to hepatic resection, small recurrences not resectable, and not resectable @entity1 diffuse in both lobes. Accurate follow-up is essential after hepatic metastasectomy. In conclusion, @entity0 with hepatic potentially resectable colorectal metastases should be evaluated by an expert surgeon, because better long-term outcome is derived from surgical resection.

title: [The role of surgery in the treatment of hepatic metastases from XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: For @entity0 with adult chronic @entity5 ( @entity5 ) splenectomy (SE) is a highly effective treatment, but there are still uncertainties regarding the long-term efficacy and safety. We evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of SE in 48 consecutive adult @entity0 with chronic @entity5 (26 @entity0 , 22 @entity0 ) who underwent SE between 1990 and 2001 at the General Hospital in Vienna, Austria. All @entity0 had no remission after @entity2 treatment and were @entity2 dependent. The median age at the time of SE was 44 years (range: 16-77 years). Of 48 @entity0 , 37 achieved a complete remission (CR, platelet count >100 x 10(9)/l), 8 a partial remission (PR) (platelet count 30-100 x 10(9)/l), and 2 had no response (NR). The probability of the overall survival was 98% at a median postsplenectomy observation time of 3.5 years. Seven @entity0 with CR and four @entity0 with PR relapsed. There were no relapses after 1 year. The probability of continuous complete remission (CCR) at 10 years was 79%. The probability of having a platelet count of >100 x 10(9)/l or >30 x 10(9)/l was 61% and 67%, respectively, at 5 and 10 years after splenectomy. Of the 11 relapsed @entity0 , 5 had a second CR ( n=3) or PR ( n=2). The postoperative platelet count was the best predictor for a long-term remission. All @entity0 with postoperative platelet counts >250 x 10(9)/l remained in CR. @entity0 aged >45 years had a similar success rate as compared with younger @entity0 . Three @entity0 had @entity3 (one @entity1 and two fever of unknown origin) requiring hospitalization, but none had overwhelming @entity4 .

title: Efficacy and safety of splenectomy in adult chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Factor XII, @entity4 (PK) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) clotting activities and antigen concentrations in @entity1 @entity0 were studied. Chronic hemodialysis led to a reduction of F XII, PK and @entity3 clotting activities. F XII and PK antigen levels were also low. In contrast, the @entity3 antigen was normal with respect to concentration as well as electrophoretic migration behaviour on 2 D-immunelectrophoresis. In kidney transplant recipients more than three month after the transplantation, we found an increased of F XII and PK clotting activities, which appeared to depend on the time elapsed since the operation. However, the antigen levels remained normal. The group of @entity2 @entity0 not requiring hemodialysis exhibited normal mean values of all three clotting activities as well as normal F XII and @entity3 antigen levels. The PK antigen was reduced. However, a separate evaluation of F XII clotting activities (F XII:C) in @entity0 with @entity1 showed elevated F XII:C which correlated with the BUN values. During acute processes of the @entity1 we observed very high PK clotting activities, which normalized with stabilization of the @entity0 . Our results show that the contact phase coagulation factors behave abnormally in certain @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Clotting activities and antigen concentrations of contact factors in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 2-month-old male @entity0 with severe @entity4 was diagnosed as having right @entity9 at birth and was admitted to our hospital after tracheal intubation with an endotracheal tube of 3 mm in diameter. However, the @entity3 was too stenotic to place the tube in the proper position. Chest X-ray on admission showed @entity1 of the left lung. Preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) scan and bronchoscopy showed that from the level of 12 mm beneath the coricoid cartilage, the @entity3 tapered and continuing to the tracheal carina and that the smallest tracheal level was located 18 mm distal from the coricoid cartilage, the area of which was 4 mm2. His @entity5 rapidly deteriorated in spite of intravenous administration of antibiotics and mechanical ventilation. Percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) was used to maintain his pulmonary function, and pericardial tracheoplasty was performed. Chest X-ray immediately after the operation did not show left lung reexpansion due to severe @entity6 . High-dose @entity2 pulse therapy was performed, but it was not effective. He died from acute @entity5 due to @entity8 ( @entity8 ) on postoperative day 3. The outcome in this case shows that it is very risky to repair @entity7 in a @entity0 with @entity1 using PCPS.

title: [Congenital tracheal stenosis due to complete cartilage rings with right XXXX ].

answer: @entity9


abstract: CONTEXT:     @entity0 -rated outcome measures (PROMs) capture changes that are important and meaningful to @entity0 , such as health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Although group differences in HRQOL have been reported, little is known about the effect of injury history on HRQOL in collegiate athletes. OBJECTIVE:    To determine whether knee-specific function (International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form [IKDC]) and HRQOL (Short Form 12 [SF-12]) differs in collegiate athletes based on sex and the severity of a previous @entity1 . DESIGN:    Cross-sectional study. SETTING:    Athletic training facilities. @entity0 OR OTHER @entity0 :    Healthy collegiate athletes (n = 263) were grouped based on self-report of a previous @entity1 : severe (n = 47), mild (n = 40), and no (n = 176) @entity1 . INTERVENTION(S):    @entity0 completed the IKDC and SF-12 during their preparticipation examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):    Generalized linear models were used to assess interactions and main effects of all scores. RESULTS:    An interaction effect was observed for the SF-12 role physical subscale (P = .02), with @entity0 in the mild- and severe-injury groups reporting worse scores than @entity0 with no injury history. We noted a main effect for injury group for the IKDC total score (P < .001) and SF-12 physical functioning (P = .04) and role emotional (P = .04) subscales, with the severe-injury group reporting worse scores than the mild- and no-injury groups. No main effects of sex were reported (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS:    Despite returning to full participation, collegiate athletes who previously sustained severe @entity1 tended to report worse knee-specific function and less ability to complete activities due to physical health. In addition, individuals with a history of severe @entity1 tended to report more emotional concerns than athletes with a history of mild or no @entity1 . Region-specific PROMs may be more sensitive in detecting deficits than generic PROMs after return to full participation. Researchers should investigate the role of PROMs, particularly region-specific PROMs, as potential screening tools for clinical care.

title: XXXX and Health-Related Quality of Life in Collegiate Athletes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity5 is a frequent complication in acute @entity2 , but it seems to have been made light of in @entity1 care. The purpose of this study is to examine the clinical characteristics of @entity4 in @entity0 with acute @entity2 . METHOD: Two-hundred and fifty-eight consecutive @entity0 (158 @entity0 , 100 @entity0 , 70.6 +/- 12.9 years old) with acute @entity2 were admitted to our hospitals between May and October in 1999. Age, gender, history of @entity1 , the severity of @entity1 on admission, @entity1 subtype (lacunar @entity6 , @entity6 , @entity6 , and others), @entity3 , naso-gastric tube feeding, vascular risk factors, the length of hospital stay and outcome of @entity0 were noted. We compared them between @entity0 with and without @entity5 . RESULTS: Forty-five (17.4%) @entity0 were developed @entity5 . @entity1 @entity0 were more frequently developed @entity5 (67%) compared with other @entity1 subtypes. The independent risk factors for @entity4 by multiple logistic regression model were the @entity3 (OR, 5.513; 95% CI, 1.793-16.946) and the severity of @entity1 on admission (OR, 1.090; 95% CI, 1.034-1.150). Mortality of @entity0 with @entity4 was as high as 24%, and all survivors discharged to another hospital. After adjustment for age and the severity of @entity1 , @entity5 was one of the independent risk factors of poor @entity1 outcome (OR, 5.838; 95% CI, 1.792-19.018). CONCLUSION: Aspiration and the severity of @entity1 independently predict development of @entity4 in acute @entity2 . @entity5 may make worse their @entity1 outcome. A measure to infectious complications and @entity3 needs to be taken for the @entity0 suffering from severe @entity2 .

title: [Respiratory infectious complications after acute XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To examine the diagnostic accuracy of sensitive cardiac troponin (cTn) assays in elderly @entity0 , since elevated levels with sensitive cTn assays were reported in 20% of elderly @entity0 without @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: In this multi-centre study, we included 1098 consecutive @entity0 presenting with symptoms suggestive of @entity1 , 406 (37%) were >70 years old. Measurement of three investigational sensitive cTn assays [Roche high-sensitive @entity3 (hs- @entity3 ), Siemens @entity2 -Ultra, and Abbott-Architect @entity2 ) and the standard assay (Roche @entity3 ) was performed in a blinded fashion. The final diagnosis was adjudicated by two independent cardiologists. Acute @entity1 was the adjudicated final diagnosis in 24% of elderly @entity0 . Among elderly @entity0 without @entity1 , baseline cTn levels were elevated above the 99th percentile in 51% with Roche hs- @entity3 , in 17% with Siemens TnI-Ultra, and 13% with Abbott-Architect @entity2 . The diagnostic accuracy as quantified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was significantly greater for the sensitive cTn assays compared with the standard assay (AUC for Roche hs- @entity3 , 0.94; Siemens @entity2 -Ultra, 0.95; and Abbott-Architect @entity2 , 0.95 vs. AUC for the standard assay, 0.90; P < 0.05 for comparisons). The best cut-offs for the sensitive cTn-assays determined by the ROC-curve in elderly @entity0 differed clearly from those in younger @entity0 . Furthermore, the prognostic value regarding 90-day mortality varied among the sensitive cTn assays. CONCLUSION: Sensitive cTn assays have high diagnostic accuracy also in the elderly. Mild elevations are common in elderly non- @entity1 @entity0 , therefore the optimal cut-off levels are substantially higher in elderly as compared with younger @entity0 . Furthermore, sensitive cTn assays yielded different prognostic value.

title: Early diagnosis of XXXX in the elderly using more sensitive cardiac troponin assays.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of genetic testing in undifferentiated @entity4 (UPIA). METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed in Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and abstracts presented at the 2007 and 2008 meetings of the American College of Rheumatology and the European League Against @entity5 . The target studies were those evaluating diagnostic or prognostic value of genetic markers specifically in UPIA. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts and reviewed included articles in detail. All data were collected using ad hoc standard forms, permitting the calculation of positive and negative likelihood ratios of each genetic marker for diagnoses of different @entity5 and for the development of relevant outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 3109 articles retrieved, 26 original studies fulfilled criteria of the systematic review. The most frequent diagnosis tested was @entity2 , followed by @entity1 , and @entity8 . The main prognostic outcome evaluated was development of @entity7 , followed by median Larsen score, remission, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score, and persistent @entity3 . In total, 122 genetic markers were tested. No genetic marker had a high likelihood ratio for the diagnosis of a specific @entity5 . The shared epitope was associated with poor prognosis ( @entity7 , HAQ > 1, mortality, and persistent @entity3 ). Other genes did not predict outcome in undifferentiated @entity4 . Other outcomes for persistent @entity6 were not studied in depth. CONCLUSION: In isolation, no studied genetic marker is very informative of a future diagnosis in @entity0 with UPIA. The shared epitope has a slight association with poor prognosis of UPIA.

title: Diagnostic and prognostic value of genetics in undifferentiated XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop an algorithm for identification of undifferentiated @entity2 (UPIA). METHODS: An algorithm for identification of UPIA was developed by consensus during a roundtable meeting with an expert panel. It was informed by systematic reviews of the literature used to generate 10 recommendations for the investigation and followup of UPIA through the 3e initiative. The final recommendations from the 3e UPIA Initiative were made available to the panel to guide development of the algorithm. The algorithm drew on the clinical experience of the consensus panel and evidence from the literature where available. RESULTS: In @entity0 presenting with @entity1 a thorough evaluation is required prior to diagnosing UPIA. After excluding trauma, the differential diagnosis should be formulated based on history and physical examination. A minimum set of investigations is suggested for all @entity0 , with additional ones dependent on the most probable differential diagnoses. The diagnosis of UPIA can be made if, following these evaluations, a more specific diagnosis is not reached. Once a diagnosis of UPIA is established, @entity0 should be closely followed as they may progress to a specific diagnosis, remit, or persist as UPIA, and additional investigations may be required over time. CONCLUSION: Our algorithm presents a diagnostic approach to identifying UPIA in @entity0 presenting with @entity1 , incorporating the dynamic nature of the condition with the potential to evolve over time.

title: Algorithm for identification of undifferentiated XXXX : a multinational collaboration through the 3e initiative.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Previous studies suggested that @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was associated with @entity2 . However, data on this issue are controversial. This study aims to use meta-analysis to determine whether @entity1 is related to @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library, the Web of Science, and the Chinese BioMedical Literature Database disk databases up to November 20, 2014 for related literature. The association of @entity1 with @entity2 was assessed by odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) as the effect size. Then subgroup analysis was performed according to area and @entity2 type. RESULTS: Six primary studies (3 cohort study and 3 case-control studies) were included in this meta-analysis involving 2,288,701 @entity0 . There was a significant association between @entity1 and @entity2 (adjusted-effect summary for case-control studies OR=2.46; 95% CI, 1.32-4.59, P=0.005) (adjusted-effect summary for cohort studies OR=1.43; 95% CI, 1.21-1.69, P=0.000). There was no significant publication bias. CONCLUSION: @entity1 was a risk factor for @entity2 . A large number of studies is needed to explore the mechanisms that link @entity1 with @entity2 .

title: Meta-Analysis of Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pyogenic infections of the lumbar spine are a rare but critical pathology, yet with considerably high mortality rates. In cases indicating surgical therapy, the implantation of @entity2 cages or autologous bone grafts represent today's gold standard. Although non-metallic implants such as @entity4 ( @entity4 ) have proven to be advantageous in diverse degenerative conditions, their saftey and practicability in lumbar spine infection remains questionable. Moreover, the efficacy of a single-step radical debridement of the infected disc space with subsequent fusion from a strictly posterior approach continues to be an issue of debate. We therefore sought to evaluate the feasibility, clinical and radiological outcome of a single-step TLIF procedure using oblique @entity4 cages in the surgical management of @entity0 with lumbar pyogenic @entity3 . METHODS: From January 2009 through December 2013, all @entity0 meeting the indication for surgical treatment of lumbar pyogenic @entity3 were included. @entity0 demonstrating intact cortical bone on preoperative CT received a single-step radical debridement of the infected intervertebral disc space, posterior screw-and-rod instrumentation and implantation of an oblique @entity4 cage using the TLIF technique. Oral antibiotics were continued for 12  weeks postoperatively and clinical and radiological results recorded throughout a minimum 1-year clinical follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 104 @entity0 were admitted to receive surgical therapy for lumbar pyogenic @entity3 . Within this @entity0 population, 18 @entity0 met the diagnostic criteria to receive the implantation of an oblique @entity4 cage. Pathogens were detected in 13 cases with Staph. aureus being the predominant causative organism. All @entity0 were discharged to recover in their domestic environment. Throughout the first year  of clinical and radiological follow-up and beyond, none of the 18 @entity0 demonstrated any signs of @entity1 or recurrent infection. Furthermore, two-plane conventional X-rays showed no significant implant subsidence or failure at any of the given time-points in up to 5 years postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 meeting the criteria for surgical treatment of lumbar pyogenic @entity3 , the implantation of @entity4 cages using a single-step TLIF approach is a safe and feasible procedure. Based on our experience, the concern of a recurrent infection when implanting non-metallic cages may be refuted in carefully selected @entity0 .

title: Single-stage debridement and spinal fusion using XXXX cages through a posterior approach for eradication of lumbar pyogenic @entity3 : a safe treatment strategy for a detrimental condition.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pyogenic infections of the lumbar spine are a rare but critical pathology, yet with considerably high mortality rates. In cases indicating surgical therapy, the implantation of @entity2 cages or autologous bone grafts represent today's gold standard. Although non-metallic implants such as @entity4 ( @entity4 ) have proven to be advantageous in diverse degenerative conditions, their saftey and practicability in lumbar spine infection remains questionable. Moreover, the efficacy of a single-step radical debridement of the infected disc space with subsequent fusion from a strictly posterior approach continues to be an issue of debate. We therefore sought to evaluate the feasibility, clinical and radiological outcome of a single-step TLIF procedure using oblique @entity4 cages in the surgical management of @entity0 with lumbar pyogenic @entity3 . METHODS: From January 2009 through December 2013, all @entity0 meeting the indication for surgical treatment of lumbar pyogenic @entity3 were included. @entity0 demonstrating intact cortical bone on preoperative CT received a single-step radical debridement of the infected intervertebral disc space, posterior screw-and-rod instrumentation and implantation of an oblique @entity4 cage using the TLIF technique. Oral antibiotics were continued for 12  weeks postoperatively and clinical and radiological results recorded throughout a minimum 1-year clinical follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 104 @entity0 were admitted to receive surgical therapy for lumbar pyogenic @entity3 . Within this @entity0 population, 18 @entity0 met the diagnostic criteria to receive the implantation of an oblique @entity4 cage. Pathogens were detected in 13 cases with Staph. aureus being the predominant causative organism. All @entity0 were discharged to recover in their domestic environment. Throughout the first year  of clinical and radiological follow-up and beyond, none of the 18 @entity0 demonstrated any signs of @entity1 or recurrent infection. Furthermore, two-plane conventional X-rays showed no significant implant subsidence or failure at any of the given time-points in up to 5 years postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 meeting the criteria for surgical treatment of lumbar pyogenic @entity3 , the implantation of @entity4 cages using a single-step TLIF approach is a safe and feasible procedure. Based on our experience, the concern of a recurrent infection when implanting non-metallic cages may be refuted in carefully selected @entity0 .

title: Single-stage debridement and spinal fusion using @entity4 cages through a posterior approach for eradication of lumbar pyogenic XXXX : a safe treatment strategy for a detrimental condition.

answer: @entity3