abstract: In vivo brain imaging and postmortem investigations have demonstrated @entity1 in the brains of @entity2 @entity0 . However, the extent of changes in the volume of discrete ventricle subdivisions has not been clearly established. We conducted high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging in 40 @entity2 @entity0 (20 males and 20 females) and 40 healthy volunteers (20 males and 20 females). The lateral ventricle in each hemisphere was divided into the anterior horn, body, posterior horn and temporal horn. The volumes of the hemispheres, four subdivisions of the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle were measured. Compared to the control subjects, the bilateral hemisphere volumes were significantly lower in the @entity0 than in the control subjects. In the lateral ventricular subdivisions of the male @entity0 , the most substantial volume increase was in the left temporal horn, and volume increases were also observed in the bilateral anterior horns and the right body. The male @entity0 also had a significantly increased volume of the third ventricle. The female @entity0 showed similar patterns with less statistical significance. Thus, the @entity2 @entity0 @entity1 , particularly in the left temporal horn, being more severely affected in the male than in the female.

title: Quantification of lateral ventricular subdivisions in XXXX by high-resolution three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The relationship between amyloid-beta protein ( @entity3 ) metabolism and @entity1 is currently poorly understood. While it is well known that the generation of @entity3 results from enzymatic cleavage of its parent molecule, the amyloid beta protein precursor (AbetaPP), there is little information available regarding its in vivo clearance. The E4 isoform of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has been associated with poor clearance of @entity3 under in vitro conditions. This is thought to be due to its poor ability to bind @entity3 compared with the other common isoforms, apoE2 and apoE3. Although cell culture studies support the notion that @entity3 clearance depends upon @entity2 isoform, validation of these findings requires @entity3 clearance studies in vivo. In this study, we examined the clearance of @entity3 in vivo from the periphery in @entity0 that expressed @entity2 (C57BL/6J) or lacked @entity2 ( @entity2 knockout). We measured the clearance of peripherally injected @entity3 over time and additionally, the quantities sequestered by peripheral organs. Western blot analysis of the @entity0 plasma indicated that the half-life of @entity3 in the periphery was approximately 15 minutes. The livers of the C57BL/6J @entity0 were found to have sequestered approximately 40% of the total injected @entity3 at 90 minutes post-injection, whilst their kidneys contained 5% of the total injected @entity3 . In contrast, the livers and kidneys of the @entity2 knockout animals were found to contain no detectable @entity3 . These findings indicate that @entity3 is rapidly removed from the plasma by @entity0 peripheral tissues and the rate of its clearance is affected by @entity2 .

title: XXXX influences amyloid-beta clearance from the @entity0 periphery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The relationship between amyloid-beta protein ( @entity3 ) metabolism and @entity1 is currently poorly understood. While it is well known that the generation of @entity3 results from enzymatic cleavage of its parent molecule, the amyloid beta protein precursor (AbetaPP), there is little information available regarding its in vivo clearance. The E4 isoform of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has been associated with poor clearance of @entity3 under in vitro conditions. This is thought to be due to its poor ability to bind @entity3 compared with the other common isoforms, apoE2 and apoE3. Although cell culture studies support the notion that @entity3 clearance depends upon @entity2 isoform, validation of these findings requires @entity3 clearance studies in vivo. In this study, we examined the clearance of @entity3 in vivo from the periphery in @entity0 that expressed @entity2 (C57BL/6J) or lacked @entity2 ( @entity2 knockout). We measured the clearance of peripherally injected @entity3 over time and additionally, the quantities sequestered by peripheral organs. Western blot analysis of the @entity0 plasma indicated that the half-life of @entity3 in the periphery was approximately 15 minutes. The livers of the C57BL/6J @entity0 were found to have sequestered approximately 40% of the total injected @entity3 at 90 minutes post-injection, whilst their kidneys contained 5% of the total injected @entity3 . In contrast, the livers and kidneys of the @entity2 knockout animals were found to contain no detectable @entity3 . These findings indicate that @entity3 is rapidly removed from the plasma by @entity0 peripheral tissues and the rate of its clearance is affected by @entity2 .

title: @entity2 influences amyloid-beta clearance from the XXXX periphery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to study the esophageal motility pattern and the frequency of acid reflux in @entity0 diagnosed to have @entity4 and compare the results to that of normal controls. METHODS: All consecutive @entity0 diagnosed to have @entity4 between 1417-1419 (Hijra year) at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were included (Group I). History of heartburn, @entity3 and regurgitation was reviewed. Drugs that might suppress acid or alter motility were discontinued 2 weeks before inclusion. The results were compared to that of 21 symptomatic controls of similar age and sexes that were seen at the same period (Group II). Esophageal manometry and upper @entity1 were performed in all @entity0 . Ambulatory 24 hour-pH monitoring was carried out in 6 @entity0 of group 1 and 20 @entity0 of group II. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity4 @entity0 (12 females) mean age was 38.7 years and 21 (19 females) mean age was 34.8 years were included. The symptom scores, lower esophageal sphincter pressure, esophageal contractions amplitude were significantly worse in @entity0 compared to control, @entity3 was mostly due to aperistalsis. All @entity4 @entity0 showed the typical esophageal manometry pattern of lower esophageal sphincter pressure and diminished amplitude with aperistalsis. @entity2 was detected in 83% of @entity0 with @entity4 . Moreover, all 24-hour pH monitoring variables were significantly worse in group I. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity4 usually present with heartburn, @entity3 and regurgitation. Esophageal manometry typically shows lower pressure and aperistalsis. @entity2 is frequent.

title: The pattern of esophageal manometry in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic characteristics of symptomatic and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in Jordan, with some emphasis on age distribution and its potential effect in defining groups of @entity0 that may benefit from early detection programs. We compared our results with the published western figures. METHODS: Records of 119 @entity0 with @entity3 diagnosed during the period January 1992 to December 2001 at Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan were reviewed. Age, gender, discovery circumstances of the @entity1 , radiologic and biologic workup, treatment, @entity1 node metastasis classification, and histologic features of the @entity1 were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean @entity0 age was 54, and the male to female ratio was 3.4:1. The annual frequency rate for @entity4 per 100,000 population was 1.2 for both sexes, while for @entity0 was 1.8 and for @entity0 was 0.5. Twenty-six percent of @entity1 were discovered accidentally. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was not influenced by the discovery circumstances. The incidental detection group had significantly small size of @entity1 (5.6 cm circumference (c.f) 8.1 cm), lower stage and lower histological grading. In the symptomatic group; @entity0 have significantly lower mean size of @entity1 than @entity0 (5.5 cm c.f. 7.7 cm; p = 0.005; t-test), while there is no significant difference among the incidental group. A radical nephrectomy was performed in 92% of the cases, and in 8% of the cases, conservative management was adopted. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that the incidence rates of @entity4 in Jordan and other Middle East countries were less than most of the western countries. @entity3 in Jordan tend to affect @entity0 at a remarkably young age. This is mostly a reflection of the high proportion of young @entity0 in this country. This high portion of young @entity0 may explain the low incidence as @entity3 is known to increase with age. Significant numbers of @entity4 were detected incidentally with lower pathological stage and grade. Subsequently these clinically and histologically less @entity2 lead to better survival and decreased recurrence. These data efforts should be directed to the development of a screening protocol to detect these lesions early, so that they may be prevented from progressing to the point when symptoms are apparent and prognosis becomes worse.

title: Detection, staging and clinical implications of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 results from the accumulation of toxic @entity5 within the liver. The aim of the present study was to examine the temporal changes in expression and immunolocalization of protein associated with apoptosis in cholestatic @entity0 liver. @entity0 were anesthetized and @entity2 was induced by double ligation of the common bile duct and sectioning between the ligatures. The animals were euthanized at day 3 and at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 6 after bile duct ligation (BDL). Apoptotic cell death was increased fivefold after 3 days of BDL, decreased over 2 weeks, and remained constant thereafter as has been demonstrated by TUNEL staining. Western blot analysis for @entity4 , @entity3 , cytochrome c, and @entity7 were performed. Results show that total cellular @entity4 protein was increased 3 days after BDL and decreased over time thereafter. We observed the translocation of @entity4 to mitochondria and subsequent release of cytochrome c. According to our immunohistochemical data, nuclear @entity7 increased 3 days after BDL, but cytoplasmic sequestration of @entity7 was observed after 1 week. The expression of @entity6 was inhibited by 3 days, but increased at later stages following BDL. @entity3 was increased over time in BDL @entity0 . Our data suggest toxic @entity5 -induced hepatocellular apoptosis is related to differential expression of @entity3 family member protein and release of cytochrome c. Cellular localization of @entity7 plays an important role in apoptotic death of hepatocytes in BDL @entity0 .

title: Changes in expression and immunolocalization of protein associated with toxic XXXX -induced apoptosis in @entity0 hepatocytes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity1 results from the accumulation of toxic @entity5 within the liver. The aim of the present study was to examine the temporal changes in expression and immunolocalization of protein associated with apoptosis in cholestatic @entity0 liver. @entity0 were anesthetized and @entity2 was induced by double ligation of the common bile duct and sectioning between the ligatures. The animals were euthanized at day 3 and at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 6 after bile duct ligation (BDL). Apoptotic cell death was increased fivefold after 3 days of BDL, decreased over 2 weeks, and remained constant thereafter as has been demonstrated by TUNEL staining. Western blot analysis for @entity4 , @entity3 , cytochrome c, and @entity7 were performed. Results show that total cellular @entity4 protein was increased 3 days after BDL and decreased over time thereafter. We observed the translocation of @entity4 to mitochondria and subsequent release of cytochrome c. According to our immunohistochemical data, nuclear @entity7 increased 3 days after BDL, but cytoplasmic sequestration of @entity7 was observed after 1 week. The expression of @entity6 was inhibited by 3 days, but increased at later stages following BDL. @entity3 was increased over time in BDL @entity0 . Our data suggest toxic @entity5 -induced hepatocellular apoptosis is related to differential expression of @entity3 family member protein and release of cytochrome c. Cellular localization of @entity7 plays an important role in apoptotic death of hepatocytes in BDL @entity0 .

title: Changes in expression and immunolocalization of protein associated with toxic @entity5 -induced apoptosis in XXXX hepatocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Sarcoidosis most commonly presents as a @entity1 . Infrequently, @entity3 can manifest itself in the central nervous system, with @entity5 involving the leptomeninges and presenting with @entity4 . Sarcoid of the trigeminal nerve is exceedingly rare and can mimic trigeminal @entity6 . We review the literature on sarcoid @entity5 of the trigeminal nerve and compare their radiological features with the more common @entity6 . CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 33-year-old @entity0 presented with a history of left-sided @entity2 and @entity8 for 11 months, which was presumed to be @entity11 . A trial of @entity9 had been unsuccessful in relieving the @entity2 . Her neurological examination revealed @entity7 in the V(1)-V(2) distribution. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a contrast-enhancing mass centered in the left cavernous sinus with extension along the cisternal portion of the left trigeminal nerve. INTERVENTION: The @entity0 underwent a left frontotemporal orbitozygomatic craniotomy with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of Cranial Nerves III, V, and VI and image guidance for subtotal microsurgical resection of what appeared, grossly and on frozen section, to be a @entity10 . The final pathology report, however, revealed a sarcoid granuloma of the trigeminal nerve. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis of contrast-enhancing lesions in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus should include inflammatory conditions such as @entity3 . We recommend that surgery for biopsy or decompression be used only for those @entity0 in whom a diagnosis cannot be confirmed with noninvasive testing. If surgery is performed, intraoperative frozen pathology is very useful in guiding the extent of resection.

title: Isolated trigeminal nerve sarcoid granuloma mimicking trigeminal XXXX : case report.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The effect of two different doses of @entity3 , 0.5 mg kg-1 body weight, and 2.0 mg kg-1 body weight, on intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure were investigated in 21 young @entity2 (26-34 kg) under controlled artificial ventilation. Three groups each containing seven animals were studied: Group 1. Initially normal blood pressure and an intracranial pressure within the normal range (10.7 mmHg). Group 2. Normal blood pressure and @entity0 caused by inflating an epidural balloon (29.2 mmHg). Group 3. @entity0 (32.7 mmHg) and mean arterial pressure reduced by approximately 30% through controlled @entity1 . There was no increase in intracranial pressure from either normal or initially increased values. This applied to animals with normal blood pressure values and also to those in @entity1 . This observation can be explained by the lack of an increase in @entity4 under controlled ventilation. During @entity1 cerebral perfusion pressure fell significantly as a result of the fall in mean arterial pressure. This particularly applied to the 2.0 mg kg-1 dose of @entity3 . We therefore consider volume substitution to be essential in this situation.

title: The influence of XXXX on both normal and raised intracranial pressure of artificially ventilated animals.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In our hypothesis of @entity3 , attended @entity0 generate aberrant sensory representations. Those aberrant representations interfere with motor control. Abnormal motor control strengthens @entity1 . The positive feedback loop reinforces the @entity3 . Previous studies of primates with @entity4 have demonstrated multi-digit or hairy-glabrous responses at single sites in area 3b, receptive fields that average ten times larger than normal, and high receptive field overlap as a function of horizontal distance. In this study, we strengthen and elaborate these findings. One animal was implanted with an array of microelectrodes that spanned the border between the face and digits. After the animal developed hand @entity2 , responses in the initial hand representation increasingly responded to low threshold stimulation of the face in a columnar substitution. The hand-face border that is normally sharp became patchy and smeared over 1 mm of cortex within 6 weeks. Two more trained animals developed a @entity4 variable in severity across the hand. Receptive field size, presence of multi-digit or hairy-glabrous receptive fields, and columnar overlap covaried with the animal's ability to use specific digits. A fourth animal performed the same behaviors without developing @entity2 . Many of its physiological measures were similar to the @entity3 animals, but receptive field overlap functions were minimally abnormal, and no sites shared response properties that are normally segregated such as hairy-glabrous combined fields, or multi-digit fields. Thalamic mapping demonstrated proportionate levels of abnormality in thalamic representations as were found in cortical representations.

title: XXXX that parallel @entity4 in a primate model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In our hypothesis of @entity3 , attended @entity0 generate aberrant sensory representations. Those aberrant representations interfere with motor control. Abnormal motor control strengthens @entity1 . The positive feedback loop reinforces the @entity3 . Previous studies of primates with @entity4 have demonstrated multi-digit or hairy-glabrous responses at single sites in area 3b, receptive fields that average ten times larger than normal, and high receptive field overlap as a function of horizontal distance. In this study, we strengthen and elaborate these findings. One animal was implanted with an array of microelectrodes that spanned the border between the face and digits. After the animal developed hand @entity2 , responses in the initial hand representation increasingly responded to low threshold stimulation of the face in a columnar substitution. The hand-face border that is normally sharp became patchy and smeared over 1 mm of cortex within 6 weeks. Two more trained animals developed a @entity4 variable in severity across the hand. Receptive field size, presence of multi-digit or hairy-glabrous receptive fields, and columnar overlap covaried with the animal's ability to use specific digits. A fourth animal performed the same behaviors without developing @entity2 . Many of its physiological measures were similar to the @entity3 animals, but receptive field overlap functions were minimally abnormal, and no sites shared response properties that are normally segregated such as hairy-glabrous combined fields, or multi-digit fields. Thalamic mapping demonstrated proportionate levels of abnormality in thalamic representations as were found in cortical representations.

title: @entity1 that parallel XXXX in a primate model.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 has previously been the major cause of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the United States. We aimed to determine the incidence of @entity4 and to compare the outcome and clinical and biochemical variables in @entity0 with @entity1 and B. METHODS: A total of 354 @entity0 with @entity4 from multiple centers were screened for possible acute viral etiology. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity0 (12.1% of all @entity4 cases) had @entity1 : @entity1 (n = 16), @entity6 (n = 26), and @entity7 (n = 1). There was no difference between groups with regard to age, gender, body mass index, admission or peak coma grade, symptom duration, admission mean arterial pressure, temperature, or biochemical liver tests, @entity5 , arterial pH, or rate of @entity2 . Platelet count was significantly higher in @entity1 @entity0 than in @entity6 @entity0 . The transplantation-free (spontaneous) survival rate was significantly higher for @entity1 @entity0 (69%) than for @entity6 @entity0 (19%, p = 0.007), whereas the liver transplantation rate was higher in @entity6 @entity0 (62%) than in @entity1 @entity0 (19%, p = 0.017). Spontaneous survivors had significantly higher mean arterial pressure, higher platelet count, and lower @entity8 /ALT ratio than @entity0 who did not survive spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 now comprises only one-eighth of all @entity4 cases in the United States. The marked difference in spontaneous survival between @entity1 and B cannot be explained by the severity of @entity3 on admission but may rather be an inherent feature of the @entity2 or a bias toward transplanting @entity0 with @entity6 .

title: XXXX -related @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 has previously been the major cause of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the United States. We aimed to determine the incidence of @entity4 and to compare the outcome and clinical and biochemical variables in @entity0 with @entity1 and B. METHODS: A total of 354 @entity0 with @entity4 from multiple centers were screened for possible acute viral etiology. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity0 (12.1% of all @entity4 cases) had @entity1 : @entity1 (n = 16), @entity6 (n = 26), and @entity7 (n = 1). There was no difference between groups with regard to age, gender, body mass index, admission or peak coma grade, symptom duration, admission mean arterial pressure, temperature, or biochemical liver tests, @entity5 , arterial pH, or rate of @entity2 . Platelet count was significantly higher in @entity1 @entity0 than in @entity6 @entity0 . The transplantation-free (spontaneous) survival rate was significantly higher for @entity1 @entity0 (69%) than for @entity6 @entity0 (19%, p = 0.007), whereas the liver transplantation rate was higher in @entity6 @entity0 (62%) than in @entity1 @entity0 (19%, p = 0.017). Spontaneous survivors had significantly higher mean arterial pressure, higher platelet count, and lower @entity8 /ALT ratio than @entity0 who did not survive spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 now comprises only one-eighth of all @entity4 cases in the United States. The marked difference in spontaneous survival between @entity1 and B cannot be explained by the severity of @entity3 on admission but may rather be an inherent feature of the @entity2 or a bias toward transplanting @entity0 with @entity6 .

title: @entity1 -related XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The purpose of this study was to quantify the fibrin content of thrombi produced in a @entity0 model of @entity1 and correlate this to @entity2 mass. The role of P-selectin, @entity4 , and @entity3 on @entity2 fibrin content was analyzed using knockout (KO) @entity0 . Five groups of @entity0 were evaluated: control (N = 10), P-selectin KO (N = 7), @entity4 KO (N = 5), combined E-/P-selectin KO (N = 12), and @entity3 KO (N = 10). @entity1 was induced by ligation of the infrarenal IVC. @entity0 were sacrificed on postoperative days (POD) 2 and 6. @entity2 mass was calculated. Sections of IVC were stained with an antibody that cross reacts with @entity0 fibrin. The distribution of RGB color pixels was generated from digitized micrographs of the @entity2 of each animal. The mean pixel value for each group was compiled and analyzed using 2-way ANOVA. Mean pixel value per group was correlated with the mean @entity2 mass per group. Color analysis demonstrated significant decreases in the analyzed fibrin content on POD-2 between the control vs E-/P-selectin KO (P < 0.05) and control vs @entity3 KO (P < 0.05) groups. In addition, significantly less fibrin staining was noted on POD-6 between the control vs @entity4 KO (P = 0.03), control vs P-selectin KO (P = 0.01), and control vs E-/P-selectin KO (P < 0.01). There was a strong overall correlation between the mean pixel value for each group and the @entity2 mass (R = 0.964; P < 0.01). This study demonstrates a difference in fibrin content of thrombi produced in animals deficient in @entity4 , P-selectin, and @entity3 , supporting their importance in @entity2 , fibrin formation, and the mass of @entity2 formed.

title: Decrease in fibrin content of venous thrombi in selectin-deficient XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The exact mechanisms that lead to @entity2 and shape changes after @entity3 / @entity4 remain unknown. We hypothesize that @entity3 is caused in part by gut injury and is mediated by gut-derived factors carried in the intestinal lymph. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity2 was measured by a laser-assisted ektacytometer before and after @entity3 / @entity4 (T/ @entity6 ) in 6 @entity1 whose mesenteric lymph duct had been ligated and in 10 @entity1 subjected to T/ @entity6 without duct ligation. In this assay a decrease in the elongation index is a marker of @entity2 . RBC shape was examined by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: In the T/ @entity6 @entity1 , the RBC elongation index decreased after T/ @entity6 from a preshock value of 0.064 +/- 0.011 to 0.052 +/- 0.009 (P < 0.01) and remained low (0.049 +/- 0.010) even at 3 h after resuscitation. In contrast, the elongation index did not decrease after T/ @entity6 in the lymph duct-ligated @entity1 (0.062 +/- 0.004 vs. 0.056 +/- 0.005, P = NS). Likewise, the T/ @entity6 @entity1 , but not the duct-ligated T/ @entity6 @entity1 , had a significant increase in the percentage of abnormally shaped RBCs when studied by electron microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Interruption of lymph flow from the gut into the bloodstream by lymph duct ligation prevents T/ @entity6 -induced @entity0 . Because @entity2 contributes to impaired perfusion of the microcirculation, preservation of @entity2 may decrease the incidence of T/ @entity6 -induced @entity5 .

title: Mesenteric lymph duct ligation prevents shock-induced XXXX and shape changes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The subjective @entity1 (SDSS) was established in 1990 by Jaeger et al. to assess systematically subjective experiences of @entity2 @entity0 . It was translated into Japanese in 1999 by this paper's second author (T.I.). In this study, the inter-rater reliability of this Japanese version (SDSS-J) was examined. The subjects studied were 13 @entity2 @entity0 (male 6, female 7; respective average ages at study entry and disease onset: 41 and 25 years), who were being followed up at the outpatients' service of the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine. Four psychiatrists attended together, the systematic interview with each subject to rate the SDSS-J and independently rated 19 items. The severity scales of the items assessed by these raters ranged from 0 to 4 for 12 items and from 0 to 3 for 7. The ANOVA ICC inter-rater reliability values for the 19 individual items ranged from 0.67 to 0.96. The ANOVA ICC test-retest reliability values achieved by two raters were also high overall, ranging from 0.72 to 1.00, except for one item (item 13) assessed by one rater. Our results suggest that the SDSS-J is a potentially useful rating scale for evaluating subjective experiences of @entity2 subjects.

title: Inter--rater and test--retest reliability of the Japanese version of the subjective XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 47 cases with @entity2 the estimated volume and the extension of the @entity4 was compared to clinical data. The critical blood volume above which the mortality rate markedly increased was 10 cc. The most unfavourable outcome was found in @entity4 extending to the midbrain or causing extensive @entity2 . The severity and characteristics of the @entity1 depended on the extension of the @entity4 as well. @entity5 was a common feature when the @entity2 occurred in the dominant hemisphere. @entity7 and @entity3 were rare. The mortality rate was 17% and increased to 32% within the limits of twelve months. After a mean observation period of 31 months over 60% of the survivors had no or minimal disabilities. Only 20% remained seriously handicapped. The degree of the remaining disabilities depended on the original blood-volume. Eighteen of 32 survivors were submitted to neuropsychological tests. Three @entity0 had an @entity6 .

title: [Clinical aspects and long-term prognosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: A 38-year-old black @entity0 with @entity15 ( @entity15 ), @entity2 , and the @entity14 ( @entity6 , @entity14 , @entity11 , M protein, skin changes) was treated at the University of Chicago Hospitals. The @entity0 had @entity7 and generalized @entity10 . @entity8 included decreased @entity5 with elevated luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, as well as @entity12 and possible @entity9 . Biopsy of a right femoral lymph node revealed @entity15 , and an osteoblastic pelvic lesion showed a marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. By immunohistochemical techniques, plasma cells in the lymph node and @entity2 were polyclonal. A @entity13 was present. The lymph node T-lymphocyte population showed a decreased helper-to-suppressor cell ratio. Other findings included thickening of the skin, finger clubbing, and @entity1 . A severe @entity6 was the major factor contributing to the @entity0 's @entity4 . The association of @entity15 , @entity3 , and the @entity14 has been noted previously in Japan; however, the authors are unaware of reports on Western @entity0 who had this combination of clinical and laboratory findings.

title: XXXX with @entity3 and the POEMS (Takatsuki's) syndrome.

answer: @entity15


abstract: A 38-year-old black @entity0 with @entity15 ( @entity15 ), @entity2 , and the @entity14 ( @entity6 , @entity14 , @entity11 , M protein, skin changes) was treated at the University of Chicago Hospitals. The @entity0 had @entity7 and generalized @entity10 . @entity8 included decreased @entity5 with elevated luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, as well as @entity12 and possible @entity9 . Biopsy of a right femoral lymph node revealed @entity15 , and an osteoblastic pelvic lesion showed a marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. By immunohistochemical techniques, plasma cells in the lymph node and @entity2 were polyclonal. A @entity13 was present. The lymph node T-lymphocyte population showed a decreased helper-to-suppressor cell ratio. Other findings included thickening of the skin, finger clubbing, and @entity1 . A severe @entity6 was the major factor contributing to the @entity0 's @entity4 . The association of @entity15 , @entity3 , and the @entity14 has been noted previously in Japan; however, the authors are unaware of reports on Western @entity0 who had this combination of clinical and laboratory findings.

title: @entity15 with XXXX and the POEMS (Takatsuki's) syndrome.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Early in the 1970s, high rates of sick-leave due to @entity1 were frequently recorded among workers at Standard Telefon and Kabelfabrik's (STK's) factory in Norway. Workstations were redesigned according to ergonomics principles that allowed workers a wider choice of working postures and following their introduction in 1975, there was a marked @entity2 . Postural load was studied in groups of female workers in well defined assembly tasks. Trapezius load was recorded by electromyography (EMG). Simultaneously, postural angles of the upper arm in the shoulder joint and flexion/extension of head/neck and back were measured by using pendulum potentiometers. A quantitative relationship was found for the group between its median value of static trapezius load and the development of musculo-skeletal sick-leave, as a function of length of employment. Further support for a relationship between @entity0 and trapezius load was found for the same subjects who suffered less musculo-skeletal sick-leave, consistent with the reduced trapezius load when working at the redesigned work stands. The relationship between @entity0 was studied in comparable groups of the female workers with respect to age, working hours per day and time of employment. Psychosocial problems, spare time activities and living habits of workers did not show any significant difference across the groups. Postural load, both in terms of the magnitude of the flexion angle of the upper arm in the shoulder joint and the distribution of the work load between flexors and extensors, appeared to influence the incidence of load-related @entity1 in the upper part of the body. The incidence of musculo-skeletal sick-leave in a group of workers with a median static trapezius load of about 1 to 2% MVC (Maximum Voluntary Contraction) for most of the work day, was approximately the same as for a group of comparable female workers without continuous work load. This suggests that a static trapezius load level of about 1% MVC is acceptable for the major part of the work day if adequate breaks in the load pattern are allowed when needed. At the same time, a median arm flexion of 15 degrees and a median arm abduction less than 10 degrees indicate the amplitude of these angles for 50% of the recording time. No details about the work-pause pattern was obtained, therefore these limits are only a rough indication of an acceptable arm position.

title: Postural load and the development of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although the clinical efficacy of infliximab as measured by closure of @entity4 in @entity1 has been demonstrated, its influence on the inflammatory changes in the @entity4 tracks is less clear. The aim of the present study was to assess the behavior of perianal @entity4 before and after infliximab treatment. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical evaluation were performed in a total of 18 @entity0 before and after treatment with infliximab. An MRI-based score of perianal @entity1 severity was developed using both criteria of local extension of @entity4 (complexity, supralavetoric extension, relation to the sphincters and of active @entity2 (T2 hyperintensity, presence of cavities/abscesses, and rectal wall involvement). RESULTS: The MRI score was reliable in assessing the @entity4 tracks, with a good interobserver concordance (p < 0.001). Fistula tracks with signs of active @entity2 were found in all 18 @entity0 at baseline and collections in seven. After short-term infliximab treatment, active tracks persisted in eight of 11 @entity0 who had clinically responded to infliximab. After long-term (46 wk) infliximab therapy, MRI signs of @entity2 had resolved in three of six @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: We have developed an MRI-based score of perianal @entity1 severity to assess the anatomical evolution of @entity1 . Our study demonstrates that despite closure of draining external orifices after infliximab therapy, @entity4 tracks persist with varying degrees of @entity2 , which may cause recurrent @entity4 and pelvic abscesses. Whether @entity3 occurs over time with repeated infliximab infusions needs further study.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging of the effects of infliximab on perianal fistulizing XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endoanal ultrasound identifies anal sphincter anatomy, and evacuation proctography visualizes pelvic floor motion during simulated defecation. These complementary techniques can evaluate obstructed defecation and @entity3 . Our aim was to develop a single, nonionizing, minimally invasive modality to image global pelvic floor anatomy and motion. METHODS: We studied six @entity0 with @entity3 and seven @entity0 with obstructed defecation. The anal sphincters were imaged with an endoanal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coil and endoanal ultrasound (five @entity0 ). MR fluoroscopy acquired images every 1.4-2 s, using a modified real-time, T2-weighted, single-shot, fast-spin echo sequence, recording motion as @entity0 squeezed pelvic floor muscles and expelled ultrasound gel; no contrast was added to other pelvic organs. Six @entity0 also had scintigraphic defecography. RESULTS: Endoanal ultrasound and MRI were comparable for imaging defects of the internal and external sphincters. Only MRI revealed puborectalis and/or external sphincter @entity2 ; four of these @entity0 had @entity3 . MR fluoroscopy recorded pelvic floor contraction during squeeze and recorded relaxation during simulated defecation. Corresponding comparisons for angle change and perineal descent during defecation were not significant; only MRI, but not scintigraphy, identified excessive perineal descent in two @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Pelvic MRI is a promising single, comprehensive, nonradioactive modality to measure @entity4 in @entity1 . This method may provide insights into mechanisms of normal and disordered pelvic floor function in health and disease.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging of anatomic and dynamic defects of the pelvic floor in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: An experimental model to investigate @entity3 formation in inbred @entity0 was established. Animals sensitized to @entity5 (TNP-OA) and challenged retro-orbitally with TNP-OA covalently linked o Sepharose 4B beads specifically developed a granulomatous response. This granulomatous reactivity was passively transferred into normal animals by lymph node cells, but not by serum antibody from sensitized donors. Lymphocytes which transfer @entity2 formation in normal recipients were characterized by cell fractionation and membrane marker analysis. These experiments show that the effector cells capable of transferring @entity1 are enriched in the lower density fractions on discontinuous Percoll gradients. These cells are lymphoblasts and express the @entity4 helper T lymphocyte marker. It was also demonstrated that lymphoid cells from sensitized donors in the higher density Percoll fraction appear to be incapable of adoptively transferring granulomatous responsiveness directly to normal recipients. However, incubation of these high density lymphocytes with specific antigen resulted in marked enhancement of their ability to transfer the disease. Antigen-induced activation also resulted in an increase in both lymphoblasts and the @entity4 marker. The authors conclude, therefore, that a subset of T cells which are lymphoblasts and express the helper-cell marker is responsible for @entity2 formation in sensitized animals and is capable of transferring @entity3 formation to non-sensitized normal recipients.

title: Experimental immunogenic @entity2 of the orbit: transfer of XXXX with a subset of T lymphocytes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An experimental model to investigate @entity3 formation in inbred @entity0 was established. Animals sensitized to @entity5 (TNP-OA) and challenged retro-orbitally with TNP-OA covalently linked o Sepharose 4B beads specifically developed a granulomatous response. This granulomatous reactivity was passively transferred into normal animals by lymph node cells, but not by serum antibody from sensitized donors. Lymphocytes which transfer @entity2 formation in normal recipients were characterized by cell fractionation and membrane marker analysis. These experiments show that the effector cells capable of transferring @entity1 are enriched in the lower density fractions on discontinuous Percoll gradients. These cells are lymphoblasts and express the @entity4 helper T lymphocyte marker. It was also demonstrated that lymphoid cells from sensitized donors in the higher density Percoll fraction appear to be incapable of adoptively transferring granulomatous responsiveness directly to normal recipients. However, incubation of these high density lymphocytes with specific antigen resulted in marked enhancement of their ability to transfer the disease. Antigen-induced activation also resulted in an increase in both lymphoblasts and the @entity4 marker. The authors conclude, therefore, that a subset of T cells which are lymphoblasts and express the helper-cell marker is responsible for @entity2 formation in sensitized animals and is capable of transferring @entity3 formation to non-sensitized normal recipients.

title: Experimental immunogenic XXXX of the orbit: transfer of @entity1 with a subset of T lymphocytes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have shown that @entity0 dermal fibroblasts, exposed to @entity2 ( @entity2 ) to induce surface class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, were capable of presenting @entity1 toxoid (TT) antigen to @entity0 TT-specific T cell clones. Antigen presentation by fibroblasts was antigen dependent, required HLA-DR expression by fibroblasts, and was MHC restricted. In contrast, we now report that @entity2 -treated fibroblasts are unable to present TT antigen to purified resting T cells obtained from the peripheral blood of TT-immune donors. In addition, although @entity2 -treated fibroblasts were able to stimulate alloreactive T cell clones, they were unable by themselves to stimulate primary allogeneic responses in resting T cells. The failure of fibroblasts to stimulate resting T cells was not due to suppressor effects by fibroblasts, because induction of TT and alloantigen responses in resting T cells by monocytes was not inhibited by the presence of fibroblasts. On the contrary, IFN-treated fibroblasts were synergistic with small numbers of monocytes in activating resting T cells. In addition, the failure of antigen presentation by fibroblasts to resting T cells was reversed by the addition of recombinant @entity0 @entity4 ( @entity5 ) to cultures, but not of purified @entity0 @entity3 ). These results emphasize that the requirements for activation of resting T cells differ from those of T cell clones. Although fibroblasts can efficiently present antigen to T cell clones, antigen presentation by fibroblasts to resting T cells requires the addition of exogenous @entity4 . It is postulated that fibroblasts differ from classical antigen-presenting cells in that fibroblasts are incapable of stimulating the production of @entity4 in resting T cells.

title: Antigen presentation by XXXX dermal fibroblasts: activation of resting T lymphocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Three subpopulations of @entity0 myeloid progenitor cells ( @entity2 ) can be distinguished by differences in their kinetics of development; the liquid phase pre- @entity2 , the day 14 @entity2 , and the day 7 @entity2 . The relative cell membrane densities of the HLA-DR and HLA-DQ antigens expressed by the three subpopulations was investigated by comparing the amount of antibody required to deplete bone marrow cell preparations of each cell type. Three separate approaches were used--complement (C') @entity1 , antiglobulin/C'- @entity1 and immune rosette depletion. Similar results were obtained for all three procedures, although the latter two gave a tenfold greater sensitivity over the standard C'- @entity1 method. At saturating anti-HLA-DR antibody concentrations, 85% to 95% of cells within the three myeloid subpopulations were found to express HLA-DR antigens. However, the relative amount of HLA-DR expressed by these subpopulations increased from the pre- @entity2 to the day 7 @entity2 . The expression of HLA-DQ antigens was considerably lower and could only be detected by using the more sensitive procedures. Only 50% of day 7 and 14 @entity2 progenitor cells expressed detectable HLA-DQ antigens, whereas a greater proportion (80%) of the pre- @entity2 were HLA-DQ positive. The pattern of HLA-DQ expression on these clonable precursors was quite distinct and opposite to the cell membrane density of the HLA-DR antigens. Because these three progenitor cell populations are thought to be linked in differentiation sequence, these results provide indirect support for the hypothesis that HLA class II antigens are implicated in regulatory mechanisms during normal myeloid cell differentiation.

title: The pattern of HLA-DR and HLA-DQ antigen expression on clonable subpopulations of XXXX myeloid progenitor cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Seventeen @entity0 with intractable @entity2 due to progressive @entity1 were treated by electrical stimulation of the brain after more conventional @entity2 therapies applied in the University of California, Los Angeles @entity1 Clinic had failed. Electrodes were stereotactically implanted under local anesthesia in the periaqueductal grey (PAG) or periventricular grey (PVG) in 11 @entity0 . In six @entity0 electrodes were placed in both PAG-PVG targets and in the sensory thalamic nuclei. Thirteen of the 17 @entity0 achieved virtually total @entity2 relief and 2 others achieved partial @entity2 relief. At the hospital discharge only 4 of 17 @entity0 required narcotic analgesics for @entity2 relief. Follow-up periods ranged from 1 to 21 months and 6 @entity0 remain alive. Fourteen @entity0 eventually required narcotics for @entity2 relief, usually in the terminal few weeks of their lives. @entity2 relief was achieved in spite of the fact that all @entity0 were tolerant to large doses of systematically or intraspinally administered narcotics at the time of electrode placement. No complications related to brain stimulation were identified. Brain stimulation is a safe and effective method for treatment of intractable @entity2 due to @entity1 in certain @entity0 .

title: Electrical stimulation of the brain for relief of intractable XXXX due to @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Seventeen @entity0 with intractable @entity2 due to progressive @entity1 were treated by electrical stimulation of the brain after more conventional @entity2 therapies applied in the University of California, Los Angeles @entity1 Clinic had failed. Electrodes were stereotactically implanted under local anesthesia in the periaqueductal grey (PAG) or periventricular grey (PVG) in 11 @entity0 . In six @entity0 electrodes were placed in both PAG-PVG targets and in the sensory thalamic nuclei. Thirteen of the 17 @entity0 achieved virtually total @entity2 relief and 2 others achieved partial @entity2 relief. At the hospital discharge only 4 of 17 @entity0 required narcotic analgesics for @entity2 relief. Follow-up periods ranged from 1 to 21 months and 6 @entity0 remain alive. Fourteen @entity0 eventually required narcotics for @entity2 relief, usually in the terminal few weeks of their lives. @entity2 relief was achieved in spite of the fact that all @entity0 were tolerant to large doses of systematically or intraspinally administered narcotics at the time of electrode placement. No complications related to brain stimulation were identified. Brain stimulation is a safe and effective method for treatment of intractable @entity2 due to @entity1 in certain @entity0 .

title: Electrical stimulation of the brain for relief of intractable @entity2 due to XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: One or more lots of pituitary GH supplied by the NHPP may have been contaminated with @entity2 pathogen. If so, it is probable that the contaminated hormone was dispensed before 1978, and there is reason to believe that it was dispensed in the late 1960s. The contamination may have been limited to one lot of GH, but this is not known with certainty. Purification methods used by the NHPP since 1978 probably exclude the @entity2 pathogen, but this is not yet certain. The risk to @entity0 treated since 1978, therefore, probably is low. There is no evidence to date that GH from either of the pharmaceutical suppliers has been or is contaminated. Purification procedures used by these sources also should exclude the pathogen. To exclude the possibility that they are contaminated with the @entity2 pathogen, 1 1/2 to 3 years will be required to test batches of the pituitary GH used previously. The experiment needed to show that the purification method used by NHPP excludes the scrapie agent will take up to 1 year. Planning for epidemiologic studies in @entity0 treated with pituitary GH is under way. Biosynthetic GH prepared by recombinant DNA techniques has been in clinical trial in the United States for 3 1/2 years. It has been shown to be as effective as pituitary GH in promoting growth. However, it produces a higher incidence of GH antibodies than @entity3 do. Pediatric endocrinologists support the FDA in its effort to gather the information needed to approve biosynthetic GH for treatment of @entity1 at an early date.

title: Degenerative neurologic disease in XXXX formerly treated with @entity0 growth hormone. Report of the Committee on Growth Hormone Use of the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, May 1985.

answer: @entity0


abstract: One or more lots of pituitary GH supplied by the NHPP may have been contaminated with @entity2 pathogen. If so, it is probable that the contaminated hormone was dispensed before 1978, and there is reason to believe that it was dispensed in the late 1960s. The contamination may have been limited to one lot of GH, but this is not known with certainty. Purification methods used by the NHPP since 1978 probably exclude the @entity2 pathogen, but this is not yet certain. The risk to @entity0 treated since 1978, therefore, probably is low. There is no evidence to date that GH from either of the pharmaceutical suppliers has been or is contaminated. Purification procedures used by these sources also should exclude the pathogen. To exclude the possibility that they are contaminated with the @entity2 pathogen, 1 1/2 to 3 years will be required to test batches of the pituitary GH used previously. The experiment needed to show that the purification method used by NHPP excludes the scrapie agent will take up to 1 year. Planning for epidemiologic studies in @entity0 treated with pituitary GH is under way. Biosynthetic GH prepared by recombinant DNA techniques has been in clinical trial in the United States for 3 1/2 years. It has been shown to be as effective as pituitary GH in promoting growth. However, it produces a higher incidence of GH antibodies than @entity3 do. Pediatric endocrinologists support the FDA in its effort to gather the information needed to approve biosynthetic GH for treatment of @entity1 at an early date.

title: Degenerative neurologic disease in @entity0 formerly treated with XXXX growth hormone. Report of the Committee on Growth Hormone Use of the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, May 1985.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Initial complete occlusion of very large or @entity3 often cannot be accomplished, and most will partially reopen over time. This study was performed to assess the clinical and angiographic outcome of @entity0 with very large or @entity2 treated with detachable coils. METHODS: During 6 years, 29 @entity0 with 31 very large or giant (20-55-mm) @entity2 were initially treated with detachable coils. Nineteen @entity0 presented with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and eight @entity0 had symptoms of mass effect. One @entity0 had an incidental @entity3 , and one @entity0 had an additional @entity3 . RESULTS: Twenty-three (79%) of 29 @entity0 had a good clinical outcome at a median follow-up of 50 months. One of 19 @entity0 presenting with @entity4 had repeat bleed (annual rebleeding rate, 1.45%). After initial coiling, seven of 31 @entity3 were @entity5 ; this rate increased to 20 of 29 @entity3 at 6-month follow-up angiography. After 16 repeat coiling procedures in 13 @entity3 , 12 of 29 @entity3 in surviving @entity0 were still @entity5 . After additional treatment other than coiling (parent-vessel occlusion and/or surgery) in eight @entity3 , three of 25 @entity3 in 24 surviving @entity0 were @entity5 . Only 13 (42%) of 31 @entity3 had one coiling as a sole therapy. CONCLUSION: Coiling of very large or @entity3 can be considered. Long-term clinical outcomes were good in 79% of @entity0 . The stability of the coil mesh over time was poor, requiring repeat coiling, surgery, and/or @entity1 in 58% of the @entity3 primarily treated with coils.

title: Coiling of very large or XXXX : long-term clinical and serial angiographic results.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several large controlled trials have shown that beta blockers given to @entity0 with @entity2 (New York Heart Association functional class II-IV) reduce morbidity and mortality. Despite these impressive results, implementing the use of beta blockade in clinical practice appears slow and difficult. The BRING-UP study was designed to tackle this problem. OBJECTIVES: To accelerate the adoption of beta blockade in clinical practice; to provide an epidemiological estimate of the proportion of @entity0 with @entity2 suitable for this treatment in general cardiology care; and to assess effectiveness of these drugs outside the setting of clinical trials. METHODS: The design of the study and recommendations derived from available evidence on the use of beta blockers were discussed with cardiologists during regional meetings. All consecutive @entity2 @entity0 in a one month period, whether treated or not with beta blockers, were eligible for the study. In each @entity0 , the decision to prescribe a beta blocker was a free choice for the participating physicians. All centres were provided with @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 at appropriate doses; the choice of the drug and dosage was left to the responsible clinician. All @entity0 were followed for one year. RESULTS: 197 cardiological centres enrolled 3091 @entity0 , 24.9% of whom were already on beta blocker treatment at baseline. beta Blockers were newly prescribed in 32.7% of cases, more often in younger and less severely ill @entity0 . The mean daily dose of the drugs used at one year corresponded to about 70% of the maximum dose used in clinical trials. Starting treatment with beta blockers did not affect the prescription or dosage of other recommended drugs. The overall rate of beta blocker treatment increased over the year of the study from 24.9% to 49.7%. During the 12 month period, 351 @entity1 occurred (11.8%). In multivariate analysis, the use of beta blockers was independently associated with a better prognosis, with a relative risk of 0.60 and a lower incidence of hospital admissions for worsening @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of beta blockers in clinical practice is feasible and could be accelerated. These drugs are associated with a lower mortality and reduced hospital admission rates, not only in clinical trials but also in the normal clinical setting.

title: Treatment of chronic XXXX with beta adrenergic blockade beyond controlled clinical trials: the BRING-UP experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prospectively the influence of an @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene polymorphism on long term clinical outcome of @entity0 with established @entity5 treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective observational study in a university hospital. @entity0 : Consecutive series of 1010 @entity0 with symptomatic @entity5 who underwent successful coronary stent placement from November 1996 to April 1998. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Long term clinical outcome was obtained and the rates of major adverse @entity3 ( @entity2 , non-fatal @entity6 , @entity8 , and revascularisation) were compared according to the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the @entity7 gene. RESULTS: Of the 1010 @entity0 29% had the DD genotype, 51% had the ID genotype, and 20% had the II genotype. All baseline clinical angiographic and procedural characteristics were identical in the three groups of @entity0 . Event-free survival during the follow up period (median two years) was identical in @entity0 with the II genotype compared to those with one or two D alleles. The predictors of long term survival were age, @entity1 , ejection fraction, and extension of @entity5 . @entity7 genotype had no influence on the long term survival. Additional analyses assuming dominant and recessive effects of the D allele also failed to find any association; nor did the examination of low risk subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity7 I/D polymorphism does not influence the long term prognosis of @entity0 with @entity4 treated by percutaneous coronary intervention, and screening @entity0 for this gene polymorphism is not useful for secondary prevention strategies.

title: Prospective evaluation of the effect of an @entity7 gene polymorphism on the long term risk of major adverse XXXX after percutaneous coronary intervention.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prospectively the influence of an @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene polymorphism on long term clinical outcome of @entity0 with established @entity5 treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective observational study in a university hospital. @entity0 : Consecutive series of 1010 @entity0 with symptomatic @entity5 who underwent successful coronary stent placement from November 1996 to April 1998. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Long term clinical outcome was obtained and the rates of major adverse @entity3 ( @entity2 , non-fatal @entity6 , @entity8 , and revascularisation) were compared according to the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the @entity7 gene. RESULTS: Of the 1010 @entity0 29% had the DD genotype, 51% had the ID genotype, and 20% had the II genotype. All baseline clinical angiographic and procedural characteristics were identical in the three groups of @entity0 . Event-free survival during the follow up period (median two years) was identical in @entity0 with the II genotype compared to those with one or two D alleles. The predictors of long term survival were age, @entity1 , ejection fraction, and extension of @entity5 . @entity7 genotype had no influence on the long term survival. Additional analyses assuming dominant and recessive effects of the D allele also failed to find any association; nor did the examination of low risk subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity7 I/D polymorphism does not influence the long term prognosis of @entity0 with @entity4 treated by percutaneous coronary intervention, and screening @entity0 for this gene polymorphism is not useful for secondary prevention strategies.

title: Prospective evaluation of the effect of an XXXX gene polymorphism on the long term risk of major adverse @entity3 after percutaneous coronary intervention.

answer: @entity7


abstract: In vertebrates, the common expression border of two homeobox genes, @entity1 and @entity4 , demarcates the prospective @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the neural plate at the end of gastrulation. The presence of a compartment boundary at the @entity2 has been demonstrated, but the mechanism and timing of its formation remain unclear. We show by genetic inducible fate mapping using a @entity4 (CreER) knock-in @entity0 line that descendants of @entity4 (+) cells as early as embryonic day (E) 7.5 do not cross the @entity2 . Without @entity4 , hindbrain-born cells abnormally populate the entire midbrain, demonstrating that @entity4 is essential for specifying hindbrain fate. @entity4 (+) and @entity1 (+) cells segregate from each other, suggesting that mutually exclusive expression of @entity1 and @entity4 in midbrain and hindbrain progenitors is responsible for cell sorting in establishing the @entity2 . The @entity2 organizer gene @entity3 , which is expressed as a sharp transverse band immediately posterior to the lineage boundary at the @entity2 , is crucial in maintaining the lineage-restricted boundary after E7.5. Partial deletion of @entity3 disrupts @entity2 lineage separation. Activation of FGF pathways has a cell-autonomous effect on cell sorting in midbrain progenitors. Therefore, @entity3 from the @entity2 may signal the nearby mesencephalic cells to impart distinct cell surface characteristics or induce local cell-cell signaling, which consequently prevents cell movements across the @entity2 . Our findings reveal the distinct function of @entity4 and @entity3 in a stepwise process in the development of the compartment boundary at the @entity2 and that @entity3 , in addition to its organizer function, plays a crucial role in maintaining the lineage boundary at the @entity2 by restricting cell movement.

title: @entity4 and XXXX are sequentially required for formation of the midbrain-hindbrain compartment boundary.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In vertebrates, the common expression border of two homeobox genes, @entity1 and @entity4 , demarcates the prospective @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the neural plate at the end of gastrulation. The presence of a compartment boundary at the @entity2 has been demonstrated, but the mechanism and timing of its formation remain unclear. We show by genetic inducible fate mapping using a @entity4 (CreER) knock-in @entity0 line that descendants of @entity4 (+) cells as early as embryonic day (E) 7.5 do not cross the @entity2 . Without @entity4 , hindbrain-born cells abnormally populate the entire midbrain, demonstrating that @entity4 is essential for specifying hindbrain fate. @entity4 (+) and @entity1 (+) cells segregate from each other, suggesting that mutually exclusive expression of @entity1 and @entity4 in midbrain and hindbrain progenitors is responsible for cell sorting in establishing the @entity2 . The @entity2 organizer gene @entity3 , which is expressed as a sharp transverse band immediately posterior to the lineage boundary at the @entity2 , is crucial in maintaining the lineage-restricted boundary after E7.5. Partial deletion of @entity3 disrupts @entity2 lineage separation. Activation of FGF pathways has a cell-autonomous effect on cell sorting in midbrain progenitors. Therefore, @entity3 from the @entity2 may signal the nearby mesencephalic cells to impart distinct cell surface characteristics or induce local cell-cell signaling, which consequently prevents cell movements across the @entity2 . Our findings reveal the distinct function of @entity4 and @entity3 in a stepwise process in the development of the compartment boundary at the @entity2 and that @entity3 , in addition to its organizer function, plays a crucial role in maintaining the lineage boundary at the @entity2 by restricting cell movement.

title: XXXX and @entity3 are sequentially required for formation of the midbrain-hindbrain compartment boundary.

answer: @entity4


abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, can control gene expression by binding to their target genes for degradation and/or translational repression. Epigenetic mechanisms are defined as heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve coding sequence modifications. Both mechanisms play an important role in maintaining physiological functions and are also related to disease development. However, few studies report that miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulations are involved in @entity1 . In the present study, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) significantly increased primary @entity0 aortic smooth muscle cell (HASMC) migration through @entity2 / @entity3 up-regulation associated with decreased DNA methylation levels. Either mRNA or protein level of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) showed a dose-dependent down-regulation in oxLDL-mediated HASMCs. Knockdown @entity5 expression enhanced oxLDL-induced DNA demethylation levels of @entity2 / @entity3 . The expression of miRNA-29b ( @entity4 ), directly targeting @entity5 , was up-regulated by oxLDL treatment in a dose-dependent manner. OxLDL-mediated @entity2 / @entity3 up-regulation, @entity5 down-regulation, and DNA demethylation were all attenuated after knockdown @entity4 expression by antagomiR-29b. We find that oxLDL can up-regulate @entity4 expression, resulting in @entity5 down-regulation in HASMCs and epigenetically regulated @entity2 / @entity3 genes involved in cell migration. These results show that miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation may be a novel mechanism in @entity1 .

title: OxLDL up-regulates microRNA-29b, leading to epigenetic modifications of @entity2 / XXXX genes: a novel mechanism for cardiovascular diseases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, can control gene expression by binding to their target genes for degradation and/or translational repression. Epigenetic mechanisms are defined as heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve coding sequence modifications. Both mechanisms play an important role in maintaining physiological functions and are also related to disease development. However, few studies report that miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulations are involved in @entity1 . In the present study, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) significantly increased primary @entity0 aortic smooth muscle cell (HASMC) migration through @entity2 / @entity3 up-regulation associated with decreased DNA methylation levels. Either mRNA or protein level of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) showed a dose-dependent down-regulation in oxLDL-mediated HASMCs. Knockdown @entity5 expression enhanced oxLDL-induced DNA demethylation levels of @entity2 / @entity3 . The expression of miRNA-29b ( @entity4 ), directly targeting @entity5 , was up-regulated by oxLDL treatment in a dose-dependent manner. OxLDL-mediated @entity2 / @entity3 up-regulation, @entity5 down-regulation, and DNA demethylation were all attenuated after knockdown @entity4 expression by antagomiR-29b. We find that oxLDL can up-regulate @entity4 expression, resulting in @entity5 down-regulation in HASMCs and epigenetically regulated @entity2 / @entity3 genes involved in cell migration. These results show that miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation may be a novel mechanism in @entity1 .

title: OxLDL up-regulates microRNA-29b, leading to epigenetic modifications of XXXX / @entity3 genes: a novel mechanism for cardiovascular diseases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Three hundred and nine consecutive cases of @entity10 due to @entity9 --representing 34% of the total number of @entity0 with @entity4 observed in a 12-year period--were evaluated; of these, 211 were submitted to computed tomography scan. @entity8 were present on admission in 71% of @entity0 and occurred at rebleeding in 29%. @entity3 caused an @entity10 more frequently than @entity4 in other locations. Ventricular @entity8 were frequently observed--especially at rebleeding--in cases with anterior communicating @entity3 . @entity13 were detected in eight cases with internal carotid bifurcation @entity4 and in three with @entity3 . @entity12 were observed in 32 cases, mainly due to @entity3 . As for clinical evolution, a rapid deterioration was observed in 39% of cases and a chronic course in 46%; a subacute deterioration was far less frequent. @entity2 from @entity11 was observed in 8% of cases, and appeared to be related to the amount of @entity5 associated with the @entity8 . One hundred and forty-two @entity0 were submitted to surgical treatment (evacuation of @entity8 together with exclusion of @entity4 ); deep @entity7 , poor medical condition, stabilized @entity1 , or combinations of these factors accounted for the high number of @entity0 not operated upon. Regardless of treatment, 24% of @entity0 showed good results and 58% died. Presence of a large @entity8 , @entity6 , and shift of the ventricles represented significant risk factors, associated with a poor prognosis. A comparison between two groups of @entity0 admitted within 3 days of @entity6 --47 operated on early, and 149 with delayed treatment--showed that better results were achieved by early operations, especially for cases in Hunt's grades IV and V.

title: Intracranial XXXX following @entity9 : experience with 309 cases.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Three hundred and nine consecutive cases of @entity10 due to @entity9 --representing 34% of the total number of @entity0 with @entity4 observed in a 12-year period--were evaluated; of these, 211 were submitted to computed tomography scan. @entity8 were present on admission in 71% of @entity0 and occurred at rebleeding in 29%. @entity3 caused an @entity10 more frequently than @entity4 in other locations. Ventricular @entity8 were frequently observed--especially at rebleeding--in cases with anterior communicating @entity3 . @entity13 were detected in eight cases with internal carotid bifurcation @entity4 and in three with @entity3 . @entity12 were observed in 32 cases, mainly due to @entity3 . As for clinical evolution, a rapid deterioration was observed in 39% of cases and a chronic course in 46%; a subacute deterioration was far less frequent. @entity2 from @entity11 was observed in 8% of cases, and appeared to be related to the amount of @entity5 associated with the @entity8 . One hundred and forty-two @entity0 were submitted to surgical treatment (evacuation of @entity8 together with exclusion of @entity4 ); deep @entity7 , poor medical condition, stabilized @entity1 , or combinations of these factors accounted for the high number of @entity0 not operated upon. Regardless of treatment, 24% of @entity0 showed good results and 58% died. Presence of a large @entity8 , @entity6 , and shift of the ventricles represented significant risk factors, associated with a poor prognosis. A comparison between two groups of @entity0 admitted within 3 days of @entity6 --47 operated on early, and 149 with delayed treatment--showed that better results were achieved by early operations, especially for cases in Hunt's grades IV and V.

title: Intracranial @entity8 following XXXX : experience with 309 cases.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Recruitment, work load and morbidity linked to newborn @entity6 during delivery at term: a study from Pediatric Mobile Intensive Care Units. OBJECTIVE: In a population of term neonates transported by the mobile intensive care units (MICU), we aimed to determine the incidence of neonates with @entity7 related to @entity6 , to analyze in this population the difficulties of management, and to try to identify which of these newborns require new therapeutic strategies. METHODS: This retrospective study was performed over a 2-year period (2000 and 2001) in 3 paediatric MICU from the Ile de France area. During this period, 7,648 @entity0 were transported including 3,301 newborns of more than 36 weeks of gestational age and less than 72 hours of life. These neonates came from 73 different hospitals. Among these 3,301 @entity0 , 237 neonates (124 @entity0 and 113 @entity0 ) with @entity7 related to @entity6 were selected in the present study. Inclusion criteria were association of one obligatory criterion of fetal distress during delivery and at least one criterion of @entity6 or one criterion of @entity7 . Data were compiled and analyzed with Epidata package and Epi info package, respectively. RESULTS: These 237 neonates with @entity1 represented 12% of MICU activity at the same gestational and postnatal ages. The mean gestational age was 39.5 + 1.5 weeks. The mean birth weight was 3,188 + 559 g. More than 50% of these neonates were born in level I maternities. Fifty-three percent of the @entity0 were born by caesarean section. Eighty-three percent of the neonates had an Apgar score at 1 minute <3. Eighty-eight percent of the neonates received resuscitation care at 5 minutes of life and 34% of these had an Apgar score at 10 minutes <5. In 50% of the cases, the MICUs arrived at the maternity of delivery within 1 h 45 min of life and transportation of the neonates was completed after 3 hours of life. The neonates were transported to an intensive care unit in 88% of the cases (half to a polyvalent intensive care unit and half to a neonatal intensive care unit). Forty-four percent of transported neonates had no @entity2 , 30% had a severe @entity2 or @entity4 , 27% had @entity5 . Mortality reached 28% and @entity2 accounted for two thirds of these deaths. Neonates who arrived in pediatric care units after 3 hours of life had more severe morbidity than neonates who arrived before 3 hours of life. CONCLUSION: Pediatric MICUs transport the most severely affected neonates. The initial clinical state is critical, and @entity3 are frequent and severe. Calls to the MICU should be made earlier in order to enable a better impact of new neuroprotective strategies.

title: [Newborn XXXX at term during delivery].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was performed to determine the echo layer structures of the normal gastric wall and early @entity2 when visualized with a 30-MHz ultrasonic miniprobe. METHODS: Twelve surgically resected gastric specimens were used for an ex vivo study. Eighteen normal sites and 12 early @entity2 sites were scanned with an Olympus (XUM-S30-25R) probe with a frequency of 30-MHz. Endoscopic ultrasound images were compared with corresponding histopathologic sections stained with @entity4 and @entity5 . RESULTS: The normal mucosa was visualized as at least four alternating echo layers; the muscularis mucosa was delineated at all normal sites. Lymphoid aggregates within the mucosa could be seen. The submucosa was clearly visualized in most cases, but the muscularis propria and subserosa were seldom depicted due to attenuation of ultrasound waves. At the sites of @entity2 , the layered architecture of the mucosa was disturbed by an irregular @entity1 . Minimal submucosal infiltration (400 and 750 micrometer) was clearly depicted in two cases, without @entity3 at or around the @entity0 site. However, attenuation at the site of a deep @entity3 scar prevented adequate visualization of the @entity0 extent in two other cases with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: A 30-MHz ultrasonic miniprobe may provide additional imaging information of the gastric wall and could play a role in the assessment of early @entity0 .

title: Visualizing the gastric wall with a 30-MHz ultrasonic miniprobe: ex vivo imaging of normal gastric sites and sites of early XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: We present the computed tomographic (CT) findings of @entity4 . METHODS: Five of 652 (0.9%) @entity0 who had undergone appendectomy for clinically suspected @entity2 over a 19-month period proved to have @entity4 . One @entity0 had surgery based on a clinical diagnosis of @entity2 . Four @entity0 (three @entity0 and one @entity0 ; age range = 14-39 years) underwent abdominal CT. The CT findings were retrospectively reviewed with special attention to the @entity5 . RESULTS: All four @entity0 presented with subacute clinical presentation. Enlarged appendices of 4.5 and 2 cm in diameter with thickened walls of soft tissue density were found in two @entity0 , and periappendicular inflammatory masses were found in the other two. Enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes and right lower quadrant fat stranding was seen in all four @entity0 . Histopathology showed numerous @entity4 within the inflamed appendix. CONCLUSION: Radiologists should be familiar with the rare entity of @entity4 in @entity0 examined by CT for suspected @entity2 . An insidious clinical presentation with CT findings of an exceptionally large appendix and associated periappendiceal inflammatory changes should raise the possibility of @entity4 or @entity1 or @entity3 .

title: XXXX presenting as right lower quadrant pain: CT findings.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Although the thyroid gland itself is a major site of the autoimmune response, the study of T-cell function in @entity3 has usually relied on peripheral blood as a source of cells. In this study, we have established thyroid-derived T-cell lines from six @entity0 with @entity5 and one @entity0 with @entity4 by culturing the thyroid lymphocytes on an autologous thyroid follicular cell monolayer in the presence of exogenous @entity2 ( @entity2 ). These T-cell lines have allowed in vitro investigation of thyroid-derived T-cell function, an approach which was previously limited by the number of lymphocytes obtained from the gland. The lines were predominantly OKT3, OKT4, and HLA-DR positive but showed heterogeneous proliferative responses. Some lines gave autologous or allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions but other did not. Only one of the seven lines responded well to the thyroid antigens thyroglobulin and microsomes presented by autologous monocytes. However, six of the lines proliferated in the presence of live but not dead autologous thyroid follicular cells, particularly when @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was added. This treatment has been shown to enhance HLA-DR and -DQ antigen expression by thyroid follicular cells in vitro. Furthermore, the proliferation induced by @entity1 -treated thyroid follicular cells was increased when thyroglobulin was also added. Together these results support the hypothesis that the expression of Ia antigens such as HLA-DR by thyroid follicular cells in @entity3 may be important in enhancing the autoimmune response, conferring on these cells the ability to present thyroid autoantigens to T cells. The use of thyroid-derived T-cell lines should permit a more detailed evaluation of the disordered immuno-regulation in @entity5 and @entity4 than has been possible previously.

title: The production and characterization of thyroid-derived T-cell lines in XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Although the thyroid gland itself is a major site of the autoimmune response, the study of T-cell function in @entity3 has usually relied on peripheral blood as a source of cells. In this study, we have established thyroid-derived T-cell lines from six @entity0 with @entity5 and one @entity0 with @entity4 by culturing the thyroid lymphocytes on an autologous thyroid follicular cell monolayer in the presence of exogenous @entity2 ( @entity2 ). These T-cell lines have allowed in vitro investigation of thyroid-derived T-cell function, an approach which was previously limited by the number of lymphocytes obtained from the gland. The lines were predominantly OKT3, OKT4, and HLA-DR positive but showed heterogeneous proliferative responses. Some lines gave autologous or allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions but other did not. Only one of the seven lines responded well to the thyroid antigens thyroglobulin and microsomes presented by autologous monocytes. However, six of the lines proliferated in the presence of live but not dead autologous thyroid follicular cells, particularly when @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was added. This treatment has been shown to enhance HLA-DR and -DQ antigen expression by thyroid follicular cells in vitro. Furthermore, the proliferation induced by @entity1 -treated thyroid follicular cells was increased when thyroglobulin was also added. Together these results support the hypothesis that the expression of Ia antigens such as HLA-DR by thyroid follicular cells in @entity3 may be important in enhancing the autoimmune response, conferring on these cells the ability to present thyroid autoantigens to T cells. The use of thyroid-derived T-cell lines should permit a more detailed evaluation of the disordered immuno-regulation in @entity5 and @entity4 than has been possible previously.

title: The production and characterization of thyroid-derived T-cell lines in @entity5 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In practice, relapses of @entity1 after long time of surgical resection occur. However, few published data are available for duration, intensity and imaging sources of follow-up in radically excised @entity0 with @entity2 . Therefore, every single institution chooses the surveillance schedule according to its experience. The aim of this study was to describe the late recurrences of disease 5 years after the primary @entity1 's excision in a series of @entity0 with recurrent @entity3 from our institution. We retrospectively reviewed 42 @entity0 with "recurrent" @entity3 , collected since 2001. Ten @entity0 were always followed at our institution, and 32 @entity0 came to our attention at the time of recurrence. The analysed series were divided into two groups: @entity0 who developed recurrence before 5 years and @entity0 who developed recurrence 5 years after the primary @entity1 's excision. Among 42 @entity0 , 36 @entity0 developed the recurrence within 5 years of the primary @entity1 excision, whereas 6 @entity0 developed the recurrence 5 years after primary @entity1 excision diagnosed during follow-up or casually for other reasons. All @entity0 had distant recurrence, involving liver and peritoneum, whereas no local relapse was observed. These @entity0 were heterogeneous in primary @entity1 site, risk classification and molecular analysis. Duration of the follow-up for radically excised @entity0 with @entity3 remains still unsettled; however, the integration of every clinical, pathological and molecular parameter is essential to optimize the duration and intensity of the follow-up for each single @entity0 .

title: Late recurrences of @entity1 ( XXXX ) after 5 years of follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In practice, relapses of @entity1 after long time of surgical resection occur. However, few published data are available for duration, intensity and imaging sources of follow-up in radically excised @entity0 with @entity2 . Therefore, every single institution chooses the surveillance schedule according to its experience. The aim of this study was to describe the late recurrences of disease 5 years after the primary @entity1 's excision in a series of @entity0 with recurrent @entity3 from our institution. We retrospectively reviewed 42 @entity0 with "recurrent" @entity3 , collected since 2001. Ten @entity0 were always followed at our institution, and 32 @entity0 came to our attention at the time of recurrence. The analysed series were divided into two groups: @entity0 who developed recurrence before 5 years and @entity0 who developed recurrence 5 years after the primary @entity1 's excision. Among 42 @entity0 , 36 @entity0 developed the recurrence within 5 years of the primary @entity1 excision, whereas 6 @entity0 developed the recurrence 5 years after primary @entity1 excision diagnosed during follow-up or casually for other reasons. All @entity0 had distant recurrence, involving liver and peritoneum, whereas no local relapse was observed. These @entity0 were heterogeneous in primary @entity1 site, risk classification and molecular analysis. Duration of the follow-up for radically excised @entity0 with @entity3 remains still unsettled; however, the integration of every clinical, pathological and molecular parameter is essential to optimize the duration and intensity of the follow-up for each single @entity0 .

title: Late recurrences of XXXX ( @entity1 ) after 5 years of follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: In recent years there has been worldwide increase in childhood @entity1 . However, in the beginning laparoscopic appendectomy in @entity1 @entity0 was contraindicated, now it is commonly used for the treatment of @entity4 . The purpose of this study was to compare open versus laparoscopic @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: The hospital records of 1,383 consecutive @entity0 , who underwent appendectomy for @entity3 between 2000 and 2009 were analyzed. 238 @entity0 (17.2%) were @entity1 . @entity1 was defined, as greater than 2 standard deviations above the standardized mean weight for age. 61 of 238 (25.6%) @entity0 had open appendectomy and 177 (74.3%) underwent laparoscopic appendectomy. The length of hospital stay, operation time, complication rate and frequency of taking @entity2 relief were compared between open and laparoscopic @entity1 @entity0 . RESULTS: The incidence of complicated and non-complicated @entity4 was similar both in open and laparoscopic appendectomy group. Laparoscopic appendectomy for @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 is associated with significantly shorter operating time (46.8 vs. 59.87 min, P < 0.05), lower overall complication rate (5 vs. 8.2%, P < 0.05) and lesser postoperative analgesia requirement (6.97  vs. 4.73 , P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic appendectomy should be the procedure of choice for the treatment of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Laparoscopic appendectomy is associated with lower morbidity in extremely obese XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The anti-anginal drug @entity2 ( @entity4 ) has been shown to increase the synthesis of phospholipids in ventricular myocytes, including @entity6 (PI). This study focused on the consequences of increasing PI metabolism on alpha-adrenergic signaling pathway in cultured @entity0 cardiomyocytes. In the cells treated with @entity4 , the synthesis of PI from @entity8 was largely increased as compared with the control (+55% in 60 min). The stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors by @entity3 (PE) induced a dose-dependent production of inositide @entity7 (IPs) by phospholipase C (PLC) activation. However, the amount of available IPs was significantly lower in @entity4 -treated cells, in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was observed in the presence and absence of the IP1-phosphatase inhibitor @entity5 . The in vitro determination of PLC activity revealed that this effect could not be attributed to the direct inhibition of the enzyme by @entity4 . The @entity4 -induced reduction of IPs in the PE-stimulated cardiomyocytes should be attributed to the increase of @entity8 recycling and incorporation in membrane structures, elicited by increased phospholipid synthesis. The consequences of this reduction in IPs availability were investigated on the cardiomyocyte @entity1 induced by alpha-adrenergic chronic stimulation. Acute stimulation with PE increased protein synthesis (+50%), but this increase was largely prevented by @entity4 . In conclusion, @entity4 reduces cell available IPs, by accelerating their recycling in membranes as PI. This effect results in a cytoprotection in the pathological process of @entity1 elicited by chronic alpha-adrenergic stimulation.

title: XXXX effect on phospholipid synthesis in ventricular myocytes: consequences in alpha-adrenergic signaling.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effect of a fermented soy milk product (FSP) on various @entity1 @entity0 cell lines was investigated, and it was shown to have a growth-inhibitory effect, especially on MCF-7 cells. Thus the MCF-7 cell line was used to study the mechanism of action. In female severe combined @entity6 @entity3 implanted with MCF-7 cells, pretreatment with FSP significantly inhibited @entity2 growth. The inhibitory effect of FSP on MCF-7 cells seemed to be caused by the additive effects of a wide variety of constituents. The active components of FSP are mainly in the water phase, and the lipid-soluble fraction, which includes the soy @entity8 such as @entity5 and @entity9 , is relatively ineffective. A variety of methods were used to demonstrate that FSP caused apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cells. FSP induced generation of reactive @entity4 species (ROS). Growth inhibition and ROS generation induced by FSP could be inhibited by catalase and @entity7 , indicating that the ROS production probably was the cause of this apoptotic cell death. This study suggests that @entity2 growth in vivo and can trigger apoptosis in vitro. It may, therefore, be a potential nutritional supplement in chemotherapy.

title: Growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 XXXX cells by fermented soy milk.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Inferior vena cava (IVC) @entity4 are rare and are a relatively small subset of @entity3 . The current approach is resection and ligation or reconstruction of the IVC. This study was undertaken to analyze the outcomes associated with the use of neoadjuvant radiotherapy and IVC reconstruction in the treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: A retrospective clinicopathological review of @entity0 treated during a 10-year period. RESULTS: Four @entity0 were treated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy, median 47.5   Gy, all underwent margin negative resection with 75% of the @entity2 being high grade and all @entity0 requiring resection of adjacent organs. Reconstruction of the IVC was performed with an autologous superficial femoral vein graft. There were no mortalities and the morbidity rate was 50%. At a median follow up of 37 months; two @entity0 had a patent IVC, no @entity0 had a local recurrence, and one @entity0 developed a distant @entity1 treated successfully with metastectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant radiotherapy and resection of the @entity5 resulted in 100% local control, and all @entity0 are alive at median follow up of 37 months. IVC reconstruction with the superficial femoral vein is safe and associated with acceptable short and long term morbidity.

title: Neoadjuvant radiotherapy and reconstruction using autologous vein graft for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 attributable to malignant @entity6 is a rarely reported phenomenon and even various imaging techniques including angiography do not necessarily lead to an accurate diagnosis. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 46-year-old, previously healthy @entity0 developed apoplectic symptoms with slight right sided @entity5 and @entity7 . The computed tomography (CT) scan showed lesions of the left temporal lobe and the paraventricular white matter suggestive of @entity8 . Carotid angiography demonstrated compression of the M1 segment of the MCA and occlusion of temporal MCA. The @entity0 initially refused magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of @entity3 . Because of fluctuating symptoms and successive worsening of the condition over weeks an MRI scan was conducted under general anaesthesia. Beneath temporal, opercular, and @entity4 it revealed a left temporal @entity1 . A @entity1 biopsy disclosed a @entity9 (WHO grade IV). Microscopical examination of the surgical specimen demonstrated invasion of @entity1 cells into the wall of a greater pre-existing blood vessel. CONCLUSIONS: Malignant @entity6 may cause @entity4 . This is a rare but important differential diagnosis for the origin of @entity2 . The authors describe the first case with infiltration of intracranial blood vessels by @entity1 cells of a @entity9 .

title: A case of @entity9 appearing as XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 attributable to malignant @entity6 is a rarely reported phenomenon and even various imaging techniques including angiography do not necessarily lead to an accurate diagnosis. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 46-year-old, previously healthy @entity0 developed apoplectic symptoms with slight right sided @entity5 and @entity7 . The computed tomography (CT) scan showed lesions of the left temporal lobe and the paraventricular white matter suggestive of @entity8 . Carotid angiography demonstrated compression of the M1 segment of the MCA and occlusion of temporal MCA. The @entity0 initially refused magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of @entity3 . Because of fluctuating symptoms and successive worsening of the condition over weeks an MRI scan was conducted under general anaesthesia. Beneath temporal, opercular, and @entity4 it revealed a left temporal @entity1 . A @entity1 biopsy disclosed a @entity9 (WHO grade IV). Microscopical examination of the surgical specimen demonstrated invasion of @entity1 cells into the wall of a greater pre-existing blood vessel. CONCLUSIONS: Malignant @entity6 may cause @entity4 . This is a rare but important differential diagnosis for the origin of @entity2 . The authors describe the first case with infiltration of intracranial blood vessels by @entity1 cells of a @entity9 .

title: A case of XXXX appearing as @entity2 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: The reaction of soil microorganisms to the contamination of soil artificially polluted with @entity1 ( @entity2 ) was evaluated in pot experiments. The plant used in the tests was cock's foot (Dactylis glomerata). Three different soils artificially contaminated with @entity2 were applied in the studies. Three selected @entity2 ( @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity4 ) were used at the doses of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg d.m. of soil and diesel fuel at the doses of 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg d.m. of soil. For evaluation of the synergistic effect of @entity0 fixing bacteria, the following strains were selected: associative Azospirillum spp. and @entity3 stutzerii. Additionally, in the bioremediation process, the inoculation of plants with a mixture of the bacterial strains in the amount of 1 ml suspension per 500 g of soil was used. Chamber pot-tests were carried out in controlled conditions during four weeks of plant growth period. The basic physical, microbiological and biochemical properties in contaminated soils were determined. The obtained results showed a statistically important increase in the physical properties of soils polluted with @entity2 and diesel fuel compared with the control and also an important decrease in the content of @entity2 and heavy metals in soils inoculated with Azospirillum spp. and @entity3 after cock's foot grass growth. The bioremediation processes were especially intensive in calcareous rendzina soil artificially polluted with @entity2 .

title: Phytoremediation of XXXX in Soils Artificially Polluted Using Plant-Associated-Endophytic Bacteria and Dactylis glomerata as the Bioremediation Plant.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnosis and therapy of @entity4 . METHOD: A total of 44 @entity0 with @entity4 were received and cured in @entity0 's hospital of Wuhan University from 1990 to 2010. Two of them were bilateral carotid body @entity1 @entity0 . The operation were performed in all @entity0 to remove the @entity1 . Among these @entity0 , 39 of them were undertaken only @entity1 resecting, 6 were performed resecting of both @entity1 and external carotid artery and 1 were subjected to @entity1 resecting including internal carotid artery. RESULT: None of the @entity0 died after operation. In addition, none were detected @entity3 except that 2 had temporary hoarseness. No recurrence were observed during a follow-up of 2-24 months. CONCLUSION: The most effective way to cure carotid body @entity1 is surgical operation. A better result may attribute to some key factors included adequate preoperative preparation, making sure the anatomic relationship with vessels and @entity2 under microscope.

title: [Diagnosis and treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Multichannel processing of environmental information constitutes a fundamental basis of functioning of sensory systems in the vertebrate brain. Two distinct parallel visual systems - the tectofugal and thalamofugal exist in all amniotes. The vertebrate central nervous system contains high concentrations of intracellular @entity0 -binding proteins (CaBPrs) and each of them has a restricted expression pattern in different brain regions and specific neuronal subpopulations. This study aimed at describing the patterns of distribution of @entity2 (PV) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the visual thalamic and mesencephalic centers of the pigeon ( @entity1 ). We used a combination of immunohistochemistry and double labeling immunofluorescent technique. Structures studied included the thalamic relay centers involved in the tectofugal (nucleus rotundus, Rot) and thalamofugal (nucleus geniculatus lateralis, pars dorsalis, GLd) visual pathways as well as pretectal, mesencephalic, isthmic and thalamic structures inducing the driver and/or modulatory action to the visual processing. We showed that neither of these proteins was unique to the Rot or GLd. The Rot contained i) numerous PV-immunoreactive (ir) neurons and a dense neuropil, and ii) a few @entity3 -ir neurons mostly located in the anterior dorsal part and associated with a light neuropil. These latter neurons partially overlapped with the former and some of them colocalized both proteins. The distinct subnuclei of the GLd were also characterized by different patterns of distribution of CaBPrs. Some (nucleus dorsolateralis anterior, pars magnocellularis, DLAmc; pars lateralis, DLL; pars rostrolateralis, DLAlr; nucleus lateralis anterior thalami, LA) contained both @entity3 - and PV-ir neurons in different proportions with a predominance of the former in the DLAmc and DLL. The nucleus lateralis dorsalis of nuclei optici principalis thalami only contained PV-ir neurons and a neuropil similar to the interstitial pretectal/thalamic nuclei of the tectothalamic tract, nucleus pretectalis and thalamic reticular nucleus. The overlapping distribution of PV and @entity3 immunoreactivity was typical for the pretectal nucleus lentiformis mesencephali and the the nucleus ectomamillaris as well as for the visual isthmic nuclei. The findings are discussed in the light of the contributive role of the phylogenetic and functional factors determining the circuits' specificity of the different CaBPr types.

title: Distribution of XXXX -binding proteins in the pigeon visual thalamic centers and related pretectal and mesencephalic nuclei. Phylogenetic and functional determinants.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Currently, the lack of awareness of deficits, i.e., @entity4 , is a major obstacle in the healthcare circuit that delays the diagnosis of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, a clear framework is lacking in the literature related to this phenomenon in terms of its definition, mechanisms, and objects. The aim of this study is to assess the different levels of @entity1 using a prediction-performance procedure and to identify the potential correlates of these levels. A  sample of @entity0 with probable @entity2 was divided into three groups according to the severity of @entity3 (mild (MiD), moderate (MoD), and moderately severe ( @entity5 ) @entity3 ), ranked according to the results of the Mini-Mental State Examination. We observed the following three scores: the real score, the prediction score, and the @entity4 score. These scores were calculated based on the prediction-performance task MISAwareness from the @entity3 Rating Scale for cognitive processes (i.e., Attention, Initiation, Conceptualization, Construction, and Memory). We obtained a strong plateau effect between the MiD and MoD groups for @entity4 scores for actual performance or prediction for both the level of overall functioning and for specific processes. The sole exception was the result for memory processes. Moreover, the profiles of the @entity0 ' responses on the Memory subscale were substantially different and, indeed, opposite from those for the other processes. The main results confirm the multidimensionality of @entity4 and its variability with the stage of @entity3 and specifically implicate memory processes that indicate a cleavage between memory and other cognitive functions.

title: Heterogeneity of XXXX and  its Variation with the Severity of  @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity1