abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most common adult primary @entity5 . Despite aggressive multimodal therapy, the survival of @entity0 with @entity4 remains dismal. However, recent evidence has demonstrated the promise of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSCs) as a therapeutic delivery vehicle for anti- @entity2 agents due to their ability to migrate or home to @entity0 @entity2 . While several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of harnessing the homing capacity of BM-hMSCs for targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics, it is now also evident, based on clinically relevant @entity2 stem cell (GSC) models of GBMs, that BM-hMSCs demonstrate variable tropism toward these @entity1 . In this study, we compared the lipid environment of GSC xenografts that attract BM-hMSCs (N = 9) with those that do not attract (N = 9) to identify lipid modalities that are conducive to homing of BM-hMSC to GBMs. We identified lipids directly from tissue by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) and electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI- @entity3 / @entity3 ) of lipid extracts. Several species of signaling lipids, including phosphatidic acid (PA 36:2, PA 40:5, PA 42:5, and PA 42:7) and diacylglycerol (DAG 34:0, DAG 34:1, DAG 36:1, DAG 38:4, DAG 38:6, and DAG 40:6), were lower in attracting xenografts. Molecular lipid images showed that PA (36:2), DAG (40:6), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were decreased within @entity1 regions of attracting xenografts. Our results provide the first evidence for lipid signaling pathways and lipid-mediated @entity1 inflammatory responses in the homing of BM-hMSCs to GSC xenografts. Our studies provide new fundamental knowledge on the molecular correlates of the differential homing capacity of BM-hMSCs toward GSC xenografts.

title: ESI- @entity3 / XXXX and MALDI-IMS Localization Reveal Alterations in Phosphatidic Acid, Diacylglycerol, and DHA in Glioma Stem Cell Xenografts.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate is considered to be the most precise noninvasive staging modality for @entity2 . Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) dynamic sequences have recently been shown to further increase the accuracy of staging relative to morphological imaging alone. Correct radiological staging, particularly the detection of extraprostatic disease extension, is of paramount importance for target volume definition and dose prescription in highly-conformal curative radiotherapy (RT); in addition, it may affect the risk-adapted duration of additional antihormonal therapy. The purpose of our study was to analyze the impact of mpMRI-based @entity1 staging in @entity0 undergoing primary @entity2 . METHODS: A total of 122 @entity0 admitted for primary @entity2 were retrospectively analyzed regarding initial clinical and computed tomography-based staging in comparison with mpMRI staging. Both @entity1 stage shifts and overall risk group shifts, including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and the Gleason score, were assessed. Potential risk factors for upstaging were tested in a multivariate analysis. Finally, the impact of mpMRI-based staging shift on prostate RT and antihormonal therapy was evaluated. RESULTS: Overall, @entity1 stage shift occurred in 55.7% of @entity0 after mpMRI. Upstaging was most prominent in @entity0 showing high-risk serum PSA levels (73%), but was also substantial in @entity0 presenting with low-risk PSA levels (50%) and low-risk Gleason scores (45.2%). Risk group changes occurred in 28.7% of the @entity0 with consequent treatment adaptations regarding target volume delineation and duration of @entity3 deprivation therapy. High PSA levels were found to be a significant risk factor for @entity1 upstaging and newly diagnosed seminal vesicle infiltration assessed using mpMRI. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that mpMRI of the prostate leads to substantial @entity1 upstaging, and can considerably affect treatment decisions in all @entity0 groups undergoing risk-adapted curative @entity2 .

title: Guidance of treatment decisions in risk-adapted primary radiotherapy for XXXX using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging: a single center experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most frequent @entity3 during the neonatal period, and a delay in diagnosis and treatment leads to irreversible complications. A high @entity1 ( @entity2 ) dose is recommended for treatment, while the optimal starting dose is still a matter of debate. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of various starting doses of @entity2 on serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and @entity1 (fT4) at the end of the first month of treatment. METHODS: A total of 71 @entity0 (37 males, 52.1%) with @entity4 were included in the study. The @entity0 were designated into three sets of subgroups according to the following categorical variables: (i) initial @entity2 doses: 6-9.9  g/kg/day, 10-11.9  g/kg/day and 12-17  g/kg/day; (ii) initial TSH levels: 6-9.99  IU/mL, 10-75  IU/mL and >75  IU/mL; and (iii) etiology: dyshormonogenesis and @entity5 . A fT4 level >2.3 ng/dL  a TSH level <0.5  IU/mL were considered as overtreatment. RESULTS: The mean age of the study population was 22.3  13.2 days at diagnosis. At diagnosis, the mean fT4 was 0.84  0.32 ng/dL, and TSH was 39.3  30  IU/mL. The mean initial dose of @entity2 was 10.9  2.9  g/kg/day. Overtreatment rates were significantly higher in the highest dose group (12-17  g/kg/day) compared with the lowest dose group (6-9.9  g/kg/day) (61.5% and 25%, respectively, p<0.05). None of the @entity0 was undertreated. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found that the rate of overtreatment was significantly higher in @entity0 who were given @entity2 doses of 12-17  g/kg/day. Thus, monitoring thyroid functions earlier than one month of treatment is necessary.

title: XXXX replacement in primary @entity4 : the higher the initial dose the higher the rate of overtreatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most frequent @entity3 during the neonatal period, and a delay in diagnosis and treatment leads to irreversible complications. A high @entity1 ( @entity2 ) dose is recommended for treatment, while the optimal starting dose is still a matter of debate. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of various starting doses of @entity2 on serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and @entity1 (fT4) at the end of the first month of treatment. METHODS: A total of 71 @entity0 (37 males, 52.1%) with @entity4 were included in the study. The @entity0 were designated into three sets of subgroups according to the following categorical variables: (i) initial @entity2 doses: 6-9.9  g/kg/day, 10-11.9  g/kg/day and 12-17  g/kg/day; (ii) initial TSH levels: 6-9.99  IU/mL, 10-75  IU/mL and >75  IU/mL; and (iii) etiology: dyshormonogenesis and @entity5 . A fT4 level >2.3 ng/dL  a TSH level <0.5  IU/mL were considered as overtreatment. RESULTS: The mean age of the study population was 22.3  13.2 days at diagnosis. At diagnosis, the mean fT4 was 0.84  0.32 ng/dL, and TSH was 39.3  30  IU/mL. The mean initial dose of @entity2 was 10.9  2.9  g/kg/day. Overtreatment rates were significantly higher in the highest dose group (12-17  g/kg/day) compared with the lowest dose group (6-9.9  g/kg/day) (61.5% and 25%, respectively, p<0.05). None of the @entity0 was undertreated. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found that the rate of overtreatment was significantly higher in @entity0 who were given @entity2 doses of 12-17  g/kg/day. Thus, monitoring thyroid functions earlier than one month of treatment is necessary.

title: @entity1 replacement in primary XXXX : the higher the initial dose the higher the rate of overtreatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: IMPORTANCE: The paramedian forehead flap is used to reconstruct medium to large nasal defects. The staged nature, with its vascular pedicle bridging the medial eyebrow to the nose, results in significant @entity1 . Earlier division lessens this morbidity. OBJECTIVES: To quantify flap neovascularization 2 weeks after the initial flap transfer and to describe an algorithm for earlier division of the flap pedicle in select @entity0 populations. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : We performed a prospective and retrospective study at the Ambulatory Surgery Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, from October 14, 2014, through January 21, 2015. @entity0 with defects appropriate for paramedian forehead flap reconstruction had partial-thickness defects, vascularized tissue in more than 50% of the recipient bed, and no @entity2 use. The @entity0 underwent reconstructive surgery by a single surgeon from August 24, 2012, through September 12, 2014. Laser-assisted @entity3 angiography was used for imaging before and immediately after the initial flap transfer, before pedicle division with the pedicle atraumatically clamped, and immediately after pedicle division and flap inset. Analysis of data and calculation of relative perfusion were performed using a postprocessing analysis toolkit. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Perfusion was calculated using the analysis toolkit as the percentage of the area of interest relative to a predetermined reference point in normal peripheral tissue. RESULTS: We enrolled a total of 10 @entity0 . The mean (SD) relative perfusion of the forehead donor site before flap transfer was 61.2% (3.4%); at initial flap transfer, 81.4% (50.2% [range, 31%-214%]) (P   =   .70 compared with measurement before flap transfer). The mean (SD) relative perfusion of the forehead donor site was 57.5% (21.2% [range, 32%-89%]) at the time of atraumatic pedicle clamping and 58.6% (32.4% [range, 16%-127%]) after pedicle division and flap inset (P   =   .85 compared with measurement before flap transfer). No flap failures or other complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In select @entity0 (those meeting the inclusion criteria), division of the pedicle at 2 weeks after the initial flap transfer is safe. Earlier pedicle division and flap transfer reduces the duration of @entity1 for the @entity0 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: Use of laser-assisted XXXX angiography for early division of the forehead flap pedicle.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with different pharmacological action has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of @entity0 . Present study examines the antitumor potential of @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and @entity3 ( @entity6 )-loaded @entity5 nanoparticles for the treatment of @entity1 . RESULTS: The resulting drug-loaded @entity5 NP exhibited a nanosize dimension with uniform spherical morphology. The NP exhibited a sustained release profile for both @entity4 and @entity6 throughout the study period without any sign of initial burst release. The combinational drug-loaded @entity5 NP enhanced the cytotoxic effect in MG63 and Saos-2 @entity1 cell lines, in comparison to either native drug alone or in cocktail combinations. Additionally, NPs showed an appreciable uptake in MG63 cells in a time-based manner. Co-delivery of anticancer drugs resulted in enhanced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The results clearly showed that combinational drugs remarkably improved the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. The greater inhibitory effect of nanoparticle combination would be of great advantage during systemic @entity0 therapy. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our study demonstrated that @entity4 - @entity6 / @entity5 NP based combination therapy holds significant potential towards the treatment of @entity1 .

title: @entity2 and @entity3 co-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the effective combination therapy against human XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with different pharmacological action has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of @entity0 . Present study examines the antitumor potential of @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and @entity3 ( @entity6 )-loaded @entity5 nanoparticles for the treatment of @entity1 . RESULTS: The resulting drug-loaded @entity5 NP exhibited a nanosize dimension with uniform spherical morphology. The NP exhibited a sustained release profile for both @entity4 and @entity6 throughout the study period without any sign of initial burst release. The combinational drug-loaded @entity5 NP enhanced the cytotoxic effect in MG63 and Saos-2 @entity1 cell lines, in comparison to either native drug alone or in cocktail combinations. Additionally, NPs showed an appreciable uptake in MG63 cells in a time-based manner. Co-delivery of anticancer drugs resulted in enhanced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The results clearly showed that combinational drugs remarkably improved the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. The greater inhibitory effect of nanoparticle combination would be of great advantage during systemic @entity0 therapy. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our study demonstrated that @entity4 - @entity6 / @entity5 NP based combination therapy holds significant potential towards the treatment of @entity1 .

title: @entity2 and XXXX co-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the effective combination therapy against human @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs with different pharmacological action has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of @entity0 . Present study examines the antitumor potential of @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and @entity3 ( @entity6 )-loaded @entity5 nanoparticles for the treatment of @entity1 . RESULTS: The resulting drug-loaded @entity5 NP exhibited a nanosize dimension with uniform spherical morphology. The NP exhibited a sustained release profile for both @entity4 and @entity6 throughout the study period without any sign of initial burst release. The combinational drug-loaded @entity5 NP enhanced the cytotoxic effect in MG63 and Saos-2 @entity1 cell lines, in comparison to either native drug alone or in cocktail combinations. Additionally, NPs showed an appreciable uptake in MG63 cells in a time-based manner. Co-delivery of anticancer drugs resulted in enhanced cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. The results clearly showed that combinational drugs remarkably improved the therapeutic index of chemotherapeutic drugs. The greater inhibitory effect of nanoparticle combination would be of great advantage during systemic @entity0 therapy. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our study demonstrated that @entity4 - @entity6 / @entity5 NP based combination therapy holds significant potential towards the treatment of @entity1 .

title: XXXX and @entity3 co-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for the effective combination therapy against human @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated prognostic biomarkers of distant metastases of @entity1 . One of the central difficulties in identifying biomarkers from microarray data is the availability of only a small number of samples, which results overtraining. Recently obtained evidence reveals that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of @entity3 cells causes @entity2 , which is detrimental to @entity0 ' survival. RESULTS: This work proposes a novel optimization approach to discovering EMT-related prognostic biomarkers to predict the distant @entity2 of @entity1 using both microarray and survival data. This weighted objective function maximizes both the accuracy of prediction of distant @entity2 and the area between the disease-free survival curves of the non-distant and distant metastases. Seventy-eight @entity0 with @entity1 and a follow-up time of 120  months are used to identify a set of gene markers and an independent cohort of 26 @entity0 is used to evaluate the identified biomarkers. The medical records of the 78 @entity0 show a significant difference between the disease-free survival times of the 37 non-distant- and the 41 distant- @entity2 @entity0 . The experimental results thus obtained are as follows. 1) The use of disease-free survival curves can compensate for the shortcoming of insufficient samples and greatly increase the test accuracy by 11.10%; and 2) the support vector machine with a set of 17 transcripts, such as @entity4 and @entity5 , can yield a leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy of 93.59%, a test accuracy of 76.92%, a large disease-free survival area of 74.81%, and a mean survival prediction error of 3.99  months. The identified putative biomarkers are examined using related studies and signaling pathways to reveal the potential effectiveness of the biomarkers in prospective confirmatory studies. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed new optimization approach to identifying prognostic biomarkers by combining multiple sources of data (microarray and survival) can facilitate the accurate selection of biomarkers that are most relevant to the disease while solving the problem of insufficient samples.

title: Discovery of prognostic biomarkers for predicting XXXX @entity2 using microarray and survival data.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated prognostic biomarkers of distant metastases of @entity1 . One of the central difficulties in identifying biomarkers from microarray data is the availability of only a small number of samples, which results overtraining. Recently obtained evidence reveals that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of @entity3 cells causes @entity2 , which is detrimental to @entity0 ' survival. RESULTS: This work proposes a novel optimization approach to discovering EMT-related prognostic biomarkers to predict the distant @entity2 of @entity1 using both microarray and survival data. This weighted objective function maximizes both the accuracy of prediction of distant @entity2 and the area between the disease-free survival curves of the non-distant and distant metastases. Seventy-eight @entity0 with @entity1 and a follow-up time of 120  months are used to identify a set of gene markers and an independent cohort of 26 @entity0 is used to evaluate the identified biomarkers. The medical records of the 78 @entity0 show a significant difference between the disease-free survival times of the 37 non-distant- and the 41 distant- @entity2 @entity0 . The experimental results thus obtained are as follows. 1) The use of disease-free survival curves can compensate for the shortcoming of insufficient samples and greatly increase the test accuracy by 11.10%; and 2) the support vector machine with a set of 17 transcripts, such as @entity4 and @entity5 , can yield a leave-one-out cross-validation accuracy of 93.59%, a test accuracy of 76.92%, a large disease-free survival area of 74.81%, and a mean survival prediction error of 3.99  months. The identified putative biomarkers are examined using related studies and signaling pathways to reveal the potential effectiveness of the biomarkers in prospective confirmatory studies. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed new optimization approach to identifying prognostic biomarkers by combining multiple sources of data (microarray and survival) can facilitate the accurate selection of biomarkers that are most relevant to the disease while solving the problem of insufficient samples.

title: Discovery of prognostic biomarkers for predicting @entity1 XXXX using microarray and survival data.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity1 among @entity0 in palliative care has varied in prior research, from 18% to 90%, depending on study factors. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe and explore the prevalence and symptom distress of @entity1 , using different definitions of @entity1 , in @entity0 admitted to specialized palliative care settings. METHODS: Data was collected in a cross-sectional survey from 485 @entity0 in 38 palliative care units in Sweden. Variables were analyzed using logistic regression and summarized as odds ratio (OR). RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity1 varied between 7% and 43%, depending on the definition used. Two @entity1 groups were found: (1) medical @entity1 group (MCG):  <=3 defecations/week, n=114 (23%) and (2) perceived @entity1 group (PCG): @entity0 with a perception of being @entity1 in the last two weeks, n=171 (35%). Three subgroups emerged: @entity0 with (1) only medical @entity1 (7%), (2) only perceived @entity1 (19%), and (3) both medical and perceived @entity1 (16%). There were no differences in symptom severity between groups; 71% of all @entity1 @entity0 had severe @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity1 may differ, depending on the definition used and how @entity1 is assessed. In this study we found two main groups and three subgroups, analyzed from the definitions of frequency of bowel movements and experience of being @entity1 . To be able to identify @entity1 , the @entity0 ' definition has to be further explored and assessed.

title: Constipation in Specialized Palliative Care: Prevalence, Definition, and XXXX -Perceived Symptom Distress.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in @entity0 development and progression. Aberrant expression of @entity4 has recently been reported in several @entity0 , but its role in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) still remains obscure. We investigated the effects of @entity4 on proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in A549 cells. Eighteen paired @entity2 and adjacent non- @entity0 lung tissues were surgically removed and immediately snap frozen until total RNA was extracted and confirmed by two independent pathologists. The targets of @entity4 were predicted by bioinformatics tools. RNA isolation and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis, cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, cell apoptosis assay, and migration and invasion assays were done. The @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or mutant type (MT) 3'-untranslated region (UTR) vectors were co-transfected with @entity4 or negative control into A549 cells, and after 24  h of transfection, luciferase activity was measured using the Dual-Glo luciferase assay kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. @entity4 was significantly downregulated in @entity2 than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. @entity4 overexpression remarkably inhibited cell viability, invasion, and migration and promoted the apoptosis of @entity2 cells. Additionally, inhibition of @entity4 expression had the opposite effects on @entity0 progression, while cell cycle remained unaltered. Furthermore, we identified that @entity3 was a target of @entity4 and negatively regulated by @entity4 at the translational level. @entity4 acts as a @entity0 suppressor in @entity2 by directly targeting @entity3 and may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for @entity2 .

title: MicroRNA-15a induces cell apoptosis and inhibits metastasis by targeting @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in @entity0 development and progression. Aberrant expression of @entity4 has recently been reported in several @entity0 , but its role in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) still remains obscure. We investigated the effects of @entity4 on proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in A549 cells. Eighteen paired @entity2 and adjacent non- @entity0 lung tissues were surgically removed and immediately snap frozen until total RNA was extracted and confirmed by two independent pathologists. The targets of @entity4 were predicted by bioinformatics tools. RNA isolation and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis, cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, cell apoptosis assay, and migration and invasion assays were done. The @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or mutant type (MT) 3'-untranslated region (UTR) vectors were co-transfected with @entity4 or negative control into A549 cells, and after 24  h of transfection, luciferase activity was measured using the Dual-Glo luciferase assay kit. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. @entity4 was significantly downregulated in @entity2 than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. @entity4 overexpression remarkably inhibited cell viability, invasion, and migration and promoted the apoptosis of @entity2 cells. Additionally, inhibition of @entity4 expression had the opposite effects on @entity0 progression, while cell cycle remained unaltered. Furthermore, we identified that @entity3 was a target of @entity4 and negatively regulated by @entity4 at the translational level. @entity4 acts as a @entity0 suppressor in @entity2 by directly targeting @entity3 and may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for @entity2 .

title: MicroRNA-15a induces cell apoptosis and inhibits metastasis by targeting XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity2 exposure has been linked with sinonasal pathology, and may be associated with @entity1 sensitization. This study evaluates the association between exposure to active smoking or secondhand smoke (SHS) and the prevalence of @entity3 and @entity1 sensitization in the U.S. pediatric population. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 2714 @entity0 and adolescents aged 6 to 19 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2006. Active smoking was defined as self-reported smoking or serum @entity4 concentrations >10 ng/mL. SHS was defined as nonactive smokers who reported living with >= 1 smokers or had serum @entity4 >= 0.011 ng/mL. Self-reported @entity3 was based on symptoms during the past 12 months, and allergen sensitization was defined as a positive response to any of the 19 specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antigens tested. RESULTS: About half of the population (54%) had detectable levels of IgE specific to at least 1 of the tested allergens, and 25% reported a history of @entity3 . After multivariate adjustment, an increased prevalence rate ratio (PRR) of self-reported @entity3 was seen in individuals in the highest @entity4 tertile among active smokers ( @entity5 .73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 2.43), with a significant trend between increasing @entity4 levels in individuals exposed to either secondhand smoke or active smoking (p = 0.05 for both analyses). Significantly less @entity6 was observed in @entity0 in the highest @entity4 tertile of secondhand smoke (PRR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.85). CONCLUSION: @entity2 smoke exposure was associated with increased prevalence of @entity3 symptoms, but decreased prevalence of @entity1 sensitization. The results highlight the complex relationship between @entity2 exposure and sinonasal pathology.

title: Allergic sensitization, XXXX , and @entity2 smoke exposure in U.S. @entity0 and adolescents.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity2 exposure has been linked with sinonasal pathology, and may be associated with @entity1 sensitization. This study evaluates the association between exposure to active smoking or secondhand smoke (SHS) and the prevalence of @entity3 and @entity1 sensitization in the U.S. pediatric population. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 2714 @entity0 and adolescents aged 6 to 19 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2006. Active smoking was defined as self-reported smoking or serum @entity4 concentrations >10 ng/mL. SHS was defined as nonactive smokers who reported living with >= 1 smokers or had serum @entity4 >= 0.011 ng/mL. Self-reported @entity3 was based on symptoms during the past 12 months, and allergen sensitization was defined as a positive response to any of the 19 specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antigens tested. RESULTS: About half of the population (54%) had detectable levels of IgE specific to at least 1 of the tested allergens, and 25% reported a history of @entity3 . After multivariate adjustment, an increased prevalence rate ratio (PRR) of self-reported @entity3 was seen in individuals in the highest @entity4 tertile among active smokers ( @entity5 .73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 2.43), with a significant trend between increasing @entity4 levels in individuals exposed to either secondhand smoke or active smoking (p = 0.05 for both analyses). Significantly less @entity6 was observed in @entity0 in the highest @entity4 tertile of secondhand smoke (PRR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.85). CONCLUSION: @entity2 smoke exposure was associated with increased prevalence of @entity3 symptoms, but decreased prevalence of @entity1 sensitization. The results highlight the complex relationship between @entity2 exposure and sinonasal pathology.

title: Allergic sensitization, @entity3 , and XXXX smoke exposure in U.S. @entity0 and adolescents.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood @entity2 exposure has been linked with sinonasal pathology, and may be associated with @entity1 sensitization. This study evaluates the association between exposure to active smoking or secondhand smoke (SHS) and the prevalence of @entity3 and @entity1 sensitization in the U.S. pediatric population. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in 2714 @entity0 and adolescents aged 6 to 19 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2006. Active smoking was defined as self-reported smoking or serum @entity4 concentrations >10 ng/mL. SHS was defined as nonactive smokers who reported living with >= 1 smokers or had serum @entity4 >= 0.011 ng/mL. Self-reported @entity3 was based on symptoms during the past 12 months, and allergen sensitization was defined as a positive response to any of the 19 specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antigens tested. RESULTS: About half of the population (54%) had detectable levels of IgE specific to at least 1 of the tested allergens, and 25% reported a history of @entity3 . After multivariate adjustment, an increased prevalence rate ratio (PRR) of self-reported @entity3 was seen in individuals in the highest @entity4 tertile among active smokers ( @entity5 .73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23 to 2.43), with a significant trend between increasing @entity4 levels in individuals exposed to either secondhand smoke or active smoking (p = 0.05 for both analyses). Significantly less @entity6 was observed in @entity0 in the highest @entity4 tertile of secondhand smoke (PRR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.85). CONCLUSION: @entity2 smoke exposure was associated with increased prevalence of @entity3 symptoms, but decreased prevalence of @entity1 sensitization. The results highlight the complex relationship between @entity2 exposure and sinonasal pathology.

title: Allergic sensitization, @entity3 , and @entity2 smoke exposure in U.S. XXXX and adolescents.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are involved in @entity1 progression by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), @entity1 cell invasion, migration and angiogenesis. However, in @entity0 , the clinical relevance of the @entity6 infiltration according to distinct histologic locations (intratumoral vs. stromal) and @entity5 status is unclear. We investigated the significance of the levels of @entity6 infiltration in distinct histologic locations in invasive @entity0 . We also examined the relationship of the @entity6 levels with the clinicopathologic features of @entity1 , expression of EMT markers, and clinical outcomes. Finally, we analyzed the prognostic value of @entity6 levels according to @entity5 status. High levels of infiltration of intratumoral, stromal and total TAMs were associated with high histologic grade, @entity2 overexpression, high Ki-67 proliferation index and negative @entity5 status. Infiltration of TAMs was also correlated with overexpression of @entity3 , smooth muscle actin and alteration of @entity4 . Overall, a high level of infiltration of intratumoral TAMs was associated with poor disease-free survival, and was found to be an independent prognostic factor. In subgroup analyses by @entity5 status, a high level of infiltration of intratumoral @entity6 was an independent prognostic factor in the @entity5 -positive subgroup, but not in the hormone-receptor negative subgroup. Our findings suggest that intratumoral TAMs play an important role in @entity1 progression in @entity0 , especially in the @entity5 -positive group, and the level of @entity6 infiltration may be used as a prognostic factor and even a therapeutic target in @entity0 .

title: Prognostic Value of Tumor-Associated Macrophages According to Histologic Locations and @entity5 Status in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are involved in @entity1 progression by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), @entity1 cell invasion, migration and angiogenesis. However, in @entity0 , the clinical relevance of the @entity6 infiltration according to distinct histologic locations (intratumoral vs. stromal) and @entity5 status is unclear. We investigated the significance of the levels of @entity6 infiltration in distinct histologic locations in invasive @entity0 . We also examined the relationship of the @entity6 levels with the clinicopathologic features of @entity1 , expression of EMT markers, and clinical outcomes. Finally, we analyzed the prognostic value of @entity6 levels according to @entity5 status. High levels of infiltration of intratumoral, stromal and total TAMs were associated with high histologic grade, @entity2 overexpression, high Ki-67 proliferation index and negative @entity5 status. Infiltration of TAMs was also correlated with overexpression of @entity3 , smooth muscle actin and alteration of @entity4 . Overall, a high level of infiltration of intratumoral TAMs was associated with poor disease-free survival, and was found to be an independent prognostic factor. In subgroup analyses by @entity5 status, a high level of infiltration of intratumoral @entity6 was an independent prognostic factor in the @entity5 -positive subgroup, but not in the hormone-receptor negative subgroup. Our findings suggest that intratumoral TAMs play an important role in @entity1 progression in @entity0 , especially in the @entity5 -positive group, and the level of @entity6 infiltration may be used as a prognostic factor and even a therapeutic target in @entity0 .

title: Prognostic Value of Tumor-Associated Macrophages According to Histologic Locations and XXXX Status in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 plays an integral role in carcinogenesis and @entity1 progression. Inflammatory response biomarkers have shown to be promising prognostic factors for improving the predictive accuracy in @entity1 . The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic significance of pre-operative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: 389 @entity0 who had undergone gastrectomy were enrolled from 2007 to 2009 in this study. NLR, dNLR, PLR and LMR were calculated from peripheral blood cell count taken at pre-operation. Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels for these biomarkers. A predictive model or nomogram was established to predict prognosis for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was determined by concordance index (c-index). RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 24  months ranging from 3  months to 60  months. The optimal cut-off levels were 2.36 for NLR, 1.85 for dNLR, 132 for PLR and 4.95 for LMR by ROC curves analysis. Elevated NLR, dNLR and PLR were significantly associated with worse @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity1 and @entity3 , however, elevated LMR showed an adverse effect on worse @entity5 , @entity1 and @entity3 . Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated dNLR was an independent factor for worse @entity5 , and NLR was superior to dNLR, PLR and LMR in terms of hazard ratio (HR   =   1.53, 95% CI   =   1.11-2.11, P   =   0.010), which was shown to be independent prognostic indicators for both @entity1 and @entity3 . Moreover, the nomogram could more accurately predict @entity1 (c-index: 0.89) and @entity3 (c-index: 0.84) in surgical @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Pre-operative NLR and dNLR may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in @entity0 with @entity4 who underwent surgical resection. The proposed nomograms can be used for the prediction of @entity1 and @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 who have undergone gastrectomy.

title: Prognostic value of pre-operative inflammatory response biomarkers in XXXX @entity0 and the construction of a predictive model.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 plays an integral role in carcinogenesis and @entity1 progression. Inflammatory response biomarkers have shown to be promising prognostic factors for improving the predictive accuracy in @entity1 . The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic significance of pre-operative neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: 389 @entity0 who had undergone gastrectomy were enrolled from 2007 to 2009 in this study. NLR, dNLR, PLR and LMR were calculated from peripheral blood cell count taken at pre-operation. Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to determine the optimal cut-off levels for these biomarkers. A predictive model or nomogram was established to predict prognosis for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and the predictive accuracy of the nomogram was determined by concordance index (c-index). RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 24  months ranging from 3  months to 60  months. The optimal cut-off levels were 2.36 for NLR, 1.85 for dNLR, 132 for PLR and 4.95 for LMR by ROC curves analysis. Elevated NLR, dNLR and PLR were significantly associated with worse @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity1 and @entity3 , however, elevated LMR showed an adverse effect on worse @entity5 , @entity1 and @entity3 . Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated dNLR was an independent factor for worse @entity5 , and NLR was superior to dNLR, PLR and LMR in terms of hazard ratio (HR   =   1.53, 95% CI   =   1.11-2.11, P   =   0.010), which was shown to be independent prognostic indicators for both @entity1 and @entity3 . Moreover, the nomogram could more accurately predict @entity1 (c-index: 0.89) and @entity3 (c-index: 0.84) in surgical @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Pre-operative NLR and dNLR may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers in @entity0 with @entity4 who underwent surgical resection. The proposed nomograms can be used for the prediction of @entity1 and @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 who have undergone gastrectomy.

title: Prognostic value of pre-operative inflammatory response biomarkers in @entity4 XXXX and the construction of a predictive model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly identified pathologies in @entity0 with medically intractable @entity4 include @entity10 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and remote @entity7 . Surgery has proven to be an effective therapeutic modality in most of such @entity0 . The coexistence of multiple pathologies in resected tissues is well documented, particularly @entity9 and @entity10 . Cases of triple pathology are, however, extraordinarily unusual. We report 2 cases of triple pathology including @entity2 , @entity9 , and @entity10 . Cases of pathologically confirmed @entity2 diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2012 (n= 349) were reviewed, and only 2 cases (0.6%) with triple pathology were identified. The histopathologic and clinical features of these 2 cases are reviewed. The @entity0 included a 6-year-old @entity0 and 10-year-old @entity0 . The former @entity0 presented with a 4-year history of @entity4 and @entity6 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The latter @entity0 presented with an 8-year history of @entity4 , attention @entity8 , and a @entity3 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left posterior temporal and occipital region. Resected tissues in both @entity0 showed a @entity9 (World Health Organization grade I) with accompanying @entity10 and @entity2 . Both @entity0 were @entity5 free on antiepileptic medication at last follow-up at 20 and 38 months, respectively. The prevalence of triple pathology including @entity2 is low (<1% in the current study). Surgical intervention for triple pathology cases anecdotally appears effective in achieving @entity5 control.

title: Coexistent @entity9 , @entity10 , and XXXX (triple pathology) in chronic @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly identified pathologies in @entity0 with medically intractable @entity4 include @entity10 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and remote @entity7 . Surgery has proven to be an effective therapeutic modality in most of such @entity0 . The coexistence of multiple pathologies in resected tissues is well documented, particularly @entity9 and @entity10 . Cases of triple pathology are, however, extraordinarily unusual. We report 2 cases of triple pathology including @entity2 , @entity9 , and @entity10 . Cases of pathologically confirmed @entity2 diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2012 (n= 349) were reviewed, and only 2 cases (0.6%) with triple pathology were identified. The histopathologic and clinical features of these 2 cases are reviewed. The @entity0 included a 6-year-old @entity0 and 10-year-old @entity0 . The former @entity0 presented with a 4-year history of @entity4 and @entity6 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The latter @entity0 presented with an 8-year history of @entity4 , attention @entity8 , and a @entity3 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left posterior temporal and occipital region. Resected tissues in both @entity0 showed a @entity9 (World Health Organization grade I) with accompanying @entity10 and @entity2 . Both @entity0 were @entity5 free on antiepileptic medication at last follow-up at 20 and 38 months, respectively. The prevalence of triple pathology including @entity2 is low (<1% in the current study). Surgical intervention for triple pathology cases anecdotally appears effective in achieving @entity5 control.

title: Coexistent XXXX , @entity10 , and @entity2 (triple pathology) in chronic @entity4 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly identified pathologies in @entity0 with medically intractable @entity4 include @entity10 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and remote @entity7 . Surgery has proven to be an effective therapeutic modality in most of such @entity0 . The coexistence of multiple pathologies in resected tissues is well documented, particularly @entity9 and @entity10 . Cases of triple pathology are, however, extraordinarily unusual. We report 2 cases of triple pathology including @entity2 , @entity9 , and @entity10 . Cases of pathologically confirmed @entity2 diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2012 (n= 349) were reviewed, and only 2 cases (0.6%) with triple pathology were identified. The histopathologic and clinical features of these 2 cases are reviewed. The @entity0 included a 6-year-old @entity0 and 10-year-old @entity0 . The former @entity0 presented with a 4-year history of @entity4 and @entity6 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The latter @entity0 presented with an 8-year history of @entity4 , attention @entity8 , and a @entity3 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left posterior temporal and occipital region. Resected tissues in both @entity0 showed a @entity9 (World Health Organization grade I) with accompanying @entity10 and @entity2 . Both @entity0 were @entity5 free on antiepileptic medication at last follow-up at 20 and 38 months, respectively. The prevalence of triple pathology including @entity2 is low (<1% in the current study). Surgical intervention for triple pathology cases anecdotally appears effective in achieving @entity5 control.

title: Coexistent @entity9 , @entity10 , and @entity2 (triple pathology) in chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most commonly identified pathologies in @entity0 with medically intractable @entity4 include @entity10 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and remote @entity7 . Surgery has proven to be an effective therapeutic modality in most of such @entity0 . The coexistence of multiple pathologies in resected tissues is well documented, particularly @entity9 and @entity10 . Cases of triple pathology are, however, extraordinarily unusual. We report 2 cases of triple pathology including @entity2 , @entity9 , and @entity10 . Cases of pathologically confirmed @entity2 diagnosed between January 2000 to December 2012 (n= 349) were reviewed, and only 2 cases (0.6%) with triple pathology were identified. The histopathologic and clinical features of these 2 cases are reviewed. The @entity0 included a 6-year-old @entity0 and 10-year-old @entity0 . The former @entity0 presented with a 4-year history of @entity4 and @entity6 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The latter @entity0 presented with an 8-year history of @entity4 , attention @entity8 , and a @entity3 . Imaging identified a lesion in the left posterior temporal and occipital region. Resected tissues in both @entity0 showed a @entity9 (World Health Organization grade I) with accompanying @entity10 and @entity2 . Both @entity0 were @entity5 free on antiepileptic medication at last follow-up at 20 and 38 months, respectively. The prevalence of triple pathology including @entity2 is low (<1% in the current study). Surgical intervention for triple pathology cases anecdotally appears effective in achieving @entity5 control.

title: Coexistent @entity9 , XXXX , and @entity2 (triple pathology) in chronic @entity4 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal transplantation is a minimally invasive method for the delivery of stem cells, however, whether the cells migrate from the lumbar to the injured cervical spinal cord has not been proved in @entity0 . We describe an attempt to track bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a @entity0 with a chronic cervical @entity4 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 33-year-old Thai @entity0 who sustained an incomplete @entity4 from the atlanto-axial subluxation was enrolled into a pilot study aiming to track bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, labeled with superparamagnetic @entity5 nanoparticles, from intrathecal transplantation in chronic cervical @entity4 . He had been dependent on respiratory support since 2005. There had been no improvement in his neurological function for the past 54 months. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were retrieved from his iliac crest and repopulated to the target number. One half of the total cells were labeled with superparamagnetic @entity5 nanoparticles before transplantation to the intrathecal space between L4 and L5. Magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed immediately after the transplantation and at 48 hours, two weeks, one month and seven months after the transplantation. His magnetic resonance imaging scan performed immediately after the transplantation showed hyposignal intensity of paramagnetic substance tagged stem cells in the subarachnoid space at the lumbar spine area. This phenomenon was observed at the surface around his cervical spinal cord at 48 hours. A focal hyposignal intensity of tagged bone marrow-derived stem cells was detected at his cervical spinal cord with magnetic resonance imaging at 48 hours, which faded after two weeks, and then disappeared after one month. No clinical improvement of the neurological function had occurred at the end of this study. However, at 48 hours after the transplantation, he presented with a @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity3 and worsening of his motor function (by one grade of all key muscles by the American @entity6 Association impairment scale), which lasted for 48 hours. CONCLUSION: Intrathecal injection of bone marrow-derived stem cells at the lumbar spine level could deliver the cells to the injured cervical spinal cord. Transient complications should be observed closely in the first 48 hours after transplantation. Further study should be carried out to evaluate the result of the treatment.

title: Chronic XXXX treated with transplanted autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells tracked by magnetic resonance imaging: a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable @entity1 ( @entity4 ) in the treatment of @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty subjects with @entity5 were recruited and randomly allocated to two study groups. Group I (NSAIDs group) (n=60) received oral tablet @entity6 (50 mg) and @entity3 (500 mg) twice a day (BD) along with tab. @entity7 150 mg BD. Group II (injectable @entity1 group) (n=60) received injection of 1 ml of @entity4 ( @entity8 ) (40 mg) and 2 ml of 0.5% @entity2 into the @entity9 . @entity0 intensity was measured using 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). Subjects were evaluated clinically before, and 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks (2 months) after the initiation of treatment in both the groups. The outcome was assessed in terms of VAS score and recurrence of the @entity0 . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: "Z" test and Chi-square test were used wherever applicable. RESULTS: @entity0 relief was significant after @entity1 injection (P<0.001) and the improvement was sustained. The recurrence of @entity0 was significantly higher in the oral NSAIDS group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Local injection of @entity1 is more effective in the treatment of @entity5 than oral NSAIDs.

title: A comparative study of efficacy of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and locally injectable XXXX for the treatment of @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable @entity1 ( @entity4 ) in the treatment of @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty subjects with @entity5 were recruited and randomly allocated to two study groups. Group I (NSAIDs group) (n=60) received oral tablet @entity6 (50 mg) and @entity3 (500 mg) twice a day (BD) along with tab. @entity7 150 mg BD. Group II (injectable @entity1 group) (n=60) received injection of 1 ml of @entity4 ( @entity8 ) (40 mg) and 2 ml of 0.5% @entity2 into the @entity9 . @entity0 intensity was measured using 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). Subjects were evaluated clinically before, and 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks (2 months) after the initiation of treatment in both the groups. The outcome was assessed in terms of VAS score and recurrence of the @entity0 . STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: "Z" test and Chi-square test were used wherever applicable. RESULTS: @entity0 relief was significant after @entity1 injection (P<0.001) and the improvement was sustained. The recurrence of @entity0 was significantly higher in the oral NSAIDS group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Local injection of @entity1 is more effective in the treatment of @entity5 than oral NSAIDs.

title: A comparative study of efficacy of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and locally injectable @entity1 for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pilot studies have estimated @entity2 incidence in @entity0 with @entity10 ( @entity10 ). However, the results have been inconclusive. To ascertain the correlation between @entity10 and @entity2 more comprehensively and precisely, we conducted a meta-analysis. METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Embase databases through June 2014, were searched to identify observational studies evaluating the association between @entity10 and @entity2 . The outcomes from these studies were measured as relative risks (RRs). A random or fixed effects model was chosen to calculate the pooled RR according to heterogeneity test. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed by estimating I2 index. Publication bias was assessed by Egger's test. RESULTS: A total of 16 papers, including 59,662 @entity10 @entity0 , were suitable for the meta-analysis. Of these papers, 15 reported RRs for overall @entity2 , 12 for @entity15 ( @entity15 ) and @entity1 , 7 for @entity4 , 6 for @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity14 , 5 for @entity6 , and @entity3 , 4 for @entity12 ( @entity12 ), and @entity8 and 3 for laryngeal and @entity11 . The pooled RRs were 1.28 (95% CI, 1.17-1.41) for @entity2 , 5.40 (95% CI, 3.75-7.77) for @entity15 , 3.26(95% CI, 2.17-4.88) for @entity9 , 2.01(95% CI, 1.61-2.52) for @entity14 , 1.45(95% CI, 1.04-2.03) for @entity12 , 4.19(95% CI, 1.98-8.87) for @entity2 , 1.59 (95% CI, 1.44-1.76) for @entity1 , 1.86(95% CI, 1.21-2.88) for @entity8 , 3.21(95% CI, 1.70-6.05) for @entity3 , 3.67(95% CI, 2.80-4.81) for @entity2 , 2.11(95% CI, 1.12-3.99) for @entity4 , 1.51(95% CI, 1.12-2.03) for @entity11 , 1.78(95% CI, 1.35-2.33) for @entity5 , and 0.65(95% CI, 0.50-0.85) for @entity6 . Only the meta-analyses of overall @entity2 , @entity15 , and liver and @entity4 produced substantial heterogeneity (I2, 57.6% vs 74.3% vs 67.7% vs 82.3%). No apparent publication bias was detected except for @entity15 studies. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support an association between @entity10 and @entity2 , not only demonstrating an increased risk for @entity15 , @entity9 , @entity14 , and some @entity13 , including laryngeal, lung, @entity7 , but also a reduced risk for @entity6 . Although an increased risk of @entity12 , and esophageal, bladder and @entity11 was identified from the accumulated data in these studies, this observation requires confirmation.

title: XXXX Erythematous and Malignancy Risk: A Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 associated left ventricular (LV) wall motion analyses exhibit reduced sensitivity for detecting inducible @entity3 in individuals with increased LV wall thickness. This study was performed to better understand the mechanism of this reduced sensitivity in the elderly who often manifest increased LV wall thickness and risk factors for @entity8 . METHODS: During @entity7 cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DCMR) stress testing, we assessed rate pressure product (RPP), aortic pulse wave velocity ( @entity5 ), LV myocardial @entity2 demand (pressure volume area, @entity10 , mass, volumes, concentricity, and the presence of wall motion abnormalities (WMA) and first pass @entity11 enhanced @entity6 ( @entity6 ) indicative of @entity3 in 278 consecutively recruited individuals aged 69        8  years with pre-existing or known risk factors for @entity8 . Each variable was assessed independently by personnel blinded to @entity0 identifiers and analyses of other DCMR or hemodynamic variables. RESULTS: @entity0 were 80% white, 90% @entity4 , 43% @entity1 and 55% @entity0 . With @entity7 , 60% of the @entity0 who exhibited @entity6 had no inducible WMA. Among these @entity0 , myocardial @entity2 demand was lower than that observed in those who had both wall motion and perfusion abnormalities suggestive of @entity3 (p   =   0.03). Relative to those with @entity6 and inducible WMAs, myocardial @entity2 demand remained different in these individuals with @entity6 without an inducible WMA after accounting for LV afterload and contractility (p   =   0.02 and 0.03 respectively), but not after accounting for either LV stress related end diastolic volume index (LV preload) or resting concentricity (p   =   0.31-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: During @entity7 stress testing, elderly @entity0 experience increased LV concentricity and declines in LV preload and myocardial @entity2 demand, all of which are associated with an absence of inducible LV WMAs indicative of @entity9 . These findings provide insight as to why @entity7 associated wall motion analyses exhibit reduced sensitivity for identifying inducible @entity3 in elderly. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00542503) .

title: Mechanism of decreased sensitivity of @entity7 associated left ventricular wall motion analyses for appreciating inducible XXXX in older adults.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 associated left ventricular (LV) wall motion analyses exhibit reduced sensitivity for detecting inducible @entity3 in individuals with increased LV wall thickness. This study was performed to better understand the mechanism of this reduced sensitivity in the elderly who often manifest increased LV wall thickness and risk factors for @entity8 . METHODS: During @entity7 cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DCMR) stress testing, we assessed rate pressure product (RPP), aortic pulse wave velocity ( @entity5 ), LV myocardial @entity2 demand (pressure volume area, @entity10 , mass, volumes, concentricity, and the presence of wall motion abnormalities (WMA) and first pass @entity11 enhanced @entity6 ( @entity6 ) indicative of @entity3 in 278 consecutively recruited individuals aged 69        8  years with pre-existing or known risk factors for @entity8 . Each variable was assessed independently by personnel blinded to @entity0 identifiers and analyses of other DCMR or hemodynamic variables. RESULTS: @entity0 were 80% white, 90% @entity4 , 43% @entity1 and 55% @entity0 . With @entity7 , 60% of the @entity0 who exhibited @entity6 had no inducible WMA. Among these @entity0 , myocardial @entity2 demand was lower than that observed in those who had both wall motion and perfusion abnormalities suggestive of @entity3 (p   =   0.03). Relative to those with @entity6 and inducible WMAs, myocardial @entity2 demand remained different in these individuals with @entity6 without an inducible WMA after accounting for LV afterload and contractility (p   =   0.02 and 0.03 respectively), but not after accounting for either LV stress related end diastolic volume index (LV preload) or resting concentricity (p   =   0.31-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: During @entity7 stress testing, elderly @entity0 experience increased LV concentricity and declines in LV preload and myocardial @entity2 demand, all of which are associated with an absence of inducible LV WMAs indicative of @entity9 . These findings provide insight as to why @entity7 associated wall motion analyses exhibit reduced sensitivity for identifying inducible @entity3 in elderly. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00542503) .

title: Mechanism of decreased sensitivity of XXXX associated left ventricular wall motion analyses for appreciating inducible @entity3 in older adults.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obstetric anesthesia presents a challenge to the anesthesiologist. The effective @entity2 management allows the partu-rient adequate degree of comfort and promotes physical reco-very and a sense of well being. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled study was designed to assess the analgesic efficacy and side effects of 1.20 mg single-dose epidural @entity5 (Group 1) versus intermittent 12 hourly epidural @entity5 (0.5 mg) with @entity6 (Group2) for postoperative analgesia in lower segment caesarean section cases. RESULTS: Each group consisted of 36 @entity0 . Demographic characteristics of two groups were comparable and differences among them were not statistically significant. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group one @entity0 (16.5  2.5h) in comparison to group two @entity0 (11.5  1.5h). Mean highest visual analog scales (VAS scale) was significantly lower (3.2  0.9) in group one @entity0 in comparison of group two (6.7  0.8) @entity0 . Only 43% @entity0 in group one required supplementary perenteral analgesic (Paracetamole/ @entity7 ) and 71% required epidural @entity5 / @entity6 in group two. Mean number of supplementary perenteral analgesic required in group one was 0.7 and it was 1.8 in group two. There was no significant difference in @entity3 , @entity4 , itching, and @entity1 in two groups of @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the use of single dose epidural @entity5 is associated with lower @entity2 scores at rest and movement when compared to intermittent epidural @entity5 with @entity6 in postcaesarean section analgesia.

title: Efficacy of single dose epidural @entity5 versus intermittent low-dose epidural @entity5 along with XXXX for postcaesarean section analgesia.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obstetric anesthesia presents a challenge to the anesthesiologist. The effective @entity2 management allows the partu-rient adequate degree of comfort and promotes physical reco-very and a sense of well being. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled study was designed to assess the analgesic efficacy and side effects of 1.20 mg single-dose epidural @entity5 (Group 1) versus intermittent 12 hourly epidural @entity5 (0.5 mg) with @entity6 (Group2) for postoperative analgesia in lower segment caesarean section cases. RESULTS: Each group consisted of 36 @entity0 . Demographic characteristics of two groups were comparable and differences among them were not statistically significant. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group one @entity0 (16.5  2.5h) in comparison to group two @entity0 (11.5  1.5h). Mean highest visual analog scales (VAS scale) was significantly lower (3.2  0.9) in group one @entity0 in comparison of group two (6.7  0.8) @entity0 . Only 43% @entity0 in group one required supplementary perenteral analgesic (Paracetamole/ @entity7 ) and 71% required epidural @entity5 / @entity6 in group two. Mean number of supplementary perenteral analgesic required in group one was 0.7 and it was 1.8 in group two. There was no significant difference in @entity3 , @entity4 , itching, and @entity1 in two groups of @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the use of single dose epidural @entity5 is associated with lower @entity2 scores at rest and movement when compared to intermittent epidural @entity5 with @entity6 in postcaesarean section analgesia.

title: Efficacy of single dose epidural XXXX versus intermittent low-dose epidural @entity5 along with @entity6 for postcaesarean section analgesia.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obstetric anesthesia presents a challenge to the anesthesiologist. The effective @entity2 management allows the partu-rient adequate degree of comfort and promotes physical reco-very and a sense of well being. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled study was designed to assess the analgesic efficacy and side effects of 1.20 mg single-dose epidural @entity5 (Group 1) versus intermittent 12 hourly epidural @entity5 (0.5 mg) with @entity6 (Group2) for postoperative analgesia in lower segment caesarean section cases. RESULTS: Each group consisted of 36 @entity0 . Demographic characteristics of two groups were comparable and differences among them were not statistically significant. Mean duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group one @entity0 (16.5  2.5h) in comparison to group two @entity0 (11.5  1.5h). Mean highest visual analog scales (VAS scale) was significantly lower (3.2  0.9) in group one @entity0 in comparison of group two (6.7  0.8) @entity0 . Only 43% @entity0 in group one required supplementary perenteral analgesic (Paracetamole/ @entity7 ) and 71% required epidural @entity5 / @entity6 in group two. Mean number of supplementary perenteral analgesic required in group one was 0.7 and it was 1.8 in group two. There was no significant difference in @entity3 , @entity4 , itching, and @entity1 in two groups of @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the use of single dose epidural @entity5 is associated with lower @entity2 scores at rest and movement when compared to intermittent epidural @entity5 with @entity6 in postcaesarean section analgesia.

title: Efficacy of single dose epidural @entity5 versus intermittent low-dose epidural XXXX along with @entity6 for postcaesarean section analgesia.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity2 was evaluated prospectively in 133 @entity0 undergoing open-heart surgery using iced saline slush for topical @entity8 . In the control group of 70 @entity0 no attempt was made to shield the phrenic nerves from direct exposure to ice. Phrenic @entity1 occurred in 73% of these @entity0 , as assessed by persistent diaphragm @entity6 evident on inspiratory chest roentgenogram. In 2 @entity0 the @entity6 was bilateral. In the second group of 63 @entity0 a pericardial insulation pad was used to prevent contact of the iced slush to the phrenic nerve. Diaphragm @entity6 was observed in 17% of these @entity0 . This difference was highly significant (p less than .001). Diaphragm @entity6 in the control group was clinically significant; life-threatening @entity7 developed in 7 @entity0 (14%), frequently resulting in multiple reintubations, tracheostomy, and prolonged mechanical ventilation. In addition, 4 @entity0 with @entity2 exhibited a clinical syndrome consistent with @entity4 , which may possibly represent hypothermic @entity5 . The likelihood of @entity2 when iced saline slush is used for topical @entity3 and the possibility of developing serious @entity7 would support the routine use of pericardial insulation when this method of @entity8 is used.

title: The effect of pericardial insulation on hypothermic XXXX during open-heart surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Organ-preserving chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is the standard of care for non-metastatic @entity3 (SCC). The optimal dosing schedules are yet to be determined. To improve local control rates, dose escalation has been investigated but found to not increase efficacy at the expense of increased @entity2 for an unselected @entity0 population. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) performed during CRT have early data suggesting it to be an effective tool in predicting @entity1 response for SCC in related body sites. By performing multi-parametric MRI (mpmMRI) incorporating standard morphological, DWI and DCE sequences, we aim to determine whether the early changes in multi-parametric parameters during CRT can predict for later response in anal SCC. This may create opportunities to investigate treatment adaptation, either intensification or de-escalation, during CRT. METHODS/DESIGN: This protocol describes a prospective non-interventional multi-centre single-arm clinical trial. Twenty eligible @entity0 with histologically confirmed non-metastatic anal SCC will receive standard definitive CRT and undergo multi-parametric MRI's at the following 4 time points; prior to treatment, during the second and fourth weeks of treatment and 6-8 weeks following treatment. Complete response will be defined by the absence of @entity1 persistence or recurrence as determined by clinical examination at 6  months. Images will be retrospectively analysed to determine the apparent diffusion coefficient and @entity1 perfusion coefficients (Ktrans and Kep) at each time point. The Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon Test will be used compare the change in these parameters for responder's verses non-responders. DISCUSSION: If validated, mpmMRI, along with other risk factors, can be used to stratify @entity0 and guide radiation dosing in a prospective trial. Informed individualisation of treatment intensity should help us achieve our goals of improved efficacy and reduced @entity2 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12614001219673 (19/11/2014).

title: Multiparametric MRI as an outcome predictor for anal canal XXXX managed with chemoradiotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Contralateral @entity6 caused by decompressive craniectomy tends to combine with external @entity5 , causing @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nine @entity0 who underwent one-stage, simultaneous cranioplasty and contralateral subdural-peritoneal shunting were included in this study. Clinical outcome was assessed by Glasgow Outcome Scale as well as Glasgow @entity3 Scale, muscle power scoring system, and complications. RESULTS: Postoperative computed tomography scans demonstrated completely resolved @entity6 and reversed midline shifts, indicating excellent outcome. Among these 9 @entity0 , 4 @entity0 (44%) had improved GOS following the proposed surgery. Four out of 4 @entity0 with lethargy became alert and orientated following surgical intervention. Muscle strength improved significantly 5 months after surgery in 7 out of 7 @entity0 with @entity2 . Two out of 9 @entity0 presented with drowsiness due to @entity4 at an average time of 65 days after surgery. Double gradient shunting is useful to eliminate the respective @entity4 and contralateral @entity6 . CONCLUSION: The described surgical technique is effective in treating symptomatic contralateral @entity6 following decompressive craniectomy and is associated with an excellent structural and functional outcome. However, subdural-peritoneal shunting plus cranioplasty thoroughly resolves the @entity6 collection, which might deteriorate the cerebrospinal fluid circulation, leading to @entity4 .

title: Simultaneous cranioplasty and subdural-peritoneal shunting for contralateral symptomatic XXXX following decompressive craniectomy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) combined drug therapy by comparing it with treatment by drug therapy alone on @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: Totally 60 @entity5 @entity0 were assigned to the treatment group and the control group according to random digit table, 30 in each group. @entity0 in the control group took @entity8 @entity7 Capsule and Celecoxib Capsule. @entity0 in the treatment group additionally received @entity1 . The treatment course for all was 4 weeks. Scores for visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) @entity4 Index were observed and recorded at week 1 and 4 after treatment by acupotomology mirror. RESULTS: Compared with before treatment, improvement was shown in VAS score, @entity3 and @entity6 degrees, activities and functions, and WOMAC scores at week 1 and 4 after treatment in all @entity0 with statistical difference (P < 0.05). Besides, better effect was shown in the treatment group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 combined drug therapy could relieve @entity5 @entity0 ' @entity3 , @entity6 and joint activities, elevate the overall efficacy. @entity1 was easily operated with @entity2 .

title: [Treatment of Knee XXXX by Tendons of Minimally Invasive Therapy Combined Drug Ther- apy: a Clinical Observation of Sixty Cases].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between syndrome types of late-onset acne female @entity0 and constitutions of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: A questionnaire was performed in 365 late-onset acne female @entity0 and 135 healthy subjects (as the control) using Professor WANG Qi's. methods and Standards for Chinese Medical Constitutions Classification. RESULTS: Their @entity3 constitutions were sequenced as damp-heat @entity7 , @entity9 @entity7 , balanced @entity7 , @entity8 @entity7 , blood- @entity4 @entity7 , qi-stagnation @entity7 , @entity2 @entity7 , phlegm-damp @entity7 , @entity1 , with statistical difference when compared with those of the control group (   2 = 85.206, P < 0.01). In the 365 female late-onset acne @entity0 , 114 (31.23%) were with @entity10 , 108 (29.59%) were with blood @entity4 or @entity5 , 83 (22.74%) were with @entity6 , and 60 (16.44%) were with @entity6 . There was statistical difference in @entity3 @entity7 distributions among different @entity3 syndrome types (  2 = 105.671, P < 0.01). The distribution of @entity3 medical constitutions was different between the two groups. Biased constitutions were often seen in the @entity0 group, while balanced @entity7 was often seen in the control group. Binary Logistic regression analysis indicated that influencing factors covered sweet food, light diet, roasted food, coffee, stress, work pressure, and family pressure. Of them light diet was one protective factor, while the rest were adverse factors. CONCLUSION: The etiology and syndrome types of female late-onset acne female @entity0 were associated with @entity3 @entity7 .

title: [Relation between Chinese Medical Constitutions of Female XXXX with Late-onset Acne: an Epidemiological Investigation].

answer: @entity0


abstract: A necropsy case of a primary @entity5 with @entity11 in the cerebrum of a 68-year-old @entity0 is reported. The clinical data showed a right @entity6 and @entity9 which became lethal in 6 months even though operation and radiation therapy were performed. Computed tomography revealed a large low-density area associated with the peripheral enhancement in the left basal ganglia, and multiple conglomerated calcified masses in the left temporal and occipital lobes. Biopsied and necropsied materials of the @entity1 in the basal ganglia was reddish brown in color and histologically was composed of purely mesenchymal derivatives with both embryonal and mature striated muscle cells but neither neuronal nor glial elements. Some of the @entity1 cells with extending slender cytoplasms showed obvious cross striations at the light and electron microscope levels and immunohistochemical reactivity for myoglobin. All @entity1 cells were also positive for @entity8 , but not for glial fibrillary acidic protein. The clinical and necropsy findings revealed no @entity2 anywhere but in the brain. In addition, numerous dead oval eggs of @entity10 were found in many @entity2 encapsulated by thick connective tissues with @entity4 and/or ossification. Clinicopathological features of 24 cases of primary @entity3 reported in the literature are reviewed briefly. The histogenesis of this @entity1 are discussed together with comments on @entity7 .

title: Primary @entity5 combined with XXXX in the cerebrum: a necropsy case and review of the literature.

answer: @entity11


abstract: A necropsy case of a primary @entity5 with @entity11 in the cerebrum of a 68-year-old @entity0 is reported. The clinical data showed a right @entity6 and @entity9 which became lethal in 6 months even though operation and radiation therapy were performed. Computed tomography revealed a large low-density area associated with the peripheral enhancement in the left basal ganglia, and multiple conglomerated calcified masses in the left temporal and occipital lobes. Biopsied and necropsied materials of the @entity1 in the basal ganglia was reddish brown in color and histologically was composed of purely mesenchymal derivatives with both embryonal and mature striated muscle cells but neither neuronal nor glial elements. Some of the @entity1 cells with extending slender cytoplasms showed obvious cross striations at the light and electron microscope levels and immunohistochemical reactivity for myoglobin. All @entity1 cells were also positive for @entity8 , but not for glial fibrillary acidic protein. The clinical and necropsy findings revealed no @entity2 anywhere but in the brain. In addition, numerous dead oval eggs of @entity10 were found in many @entity2 encapsulated by thick connective tissues with @entity4 and/or ossification. Clinicopathological features of 24 cases of primary @entity3 reported in the literature are reviewed briefly. The histogenesis of this @entity1 are discussed together with comments on @entity7 .

title: Primary XXXX combined with @entity11 in the cerebrum: a necropsy case and review of the literature.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) regarding risk factors for @entity6 . The aims of our work were to evaluate the frequency of @entity4 and @entity5 among @entity0 with @entity1 and to determine the factors associated with these @entity3 in Tunisian @entity0 . METHODS: From June 2012 to April 2013, 60 consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 answered a questionnaire about psychological and socioeconomic factors and adherence to treatment. In this study we focused the analysis on the characteristics of @entity1 (type, localization, severity, treatment) and socioeconomic factors (professional, educational, and marital status). @entity4 and @entity5 were assessed by the Hospital @entity4 and @entity5 Scale (HADS). RESULTS: According to the HADS, 25 @entity0 (41.6%) were anxious while 4 (6.6%) were @entity5 . Three had @entity4 and @entity5 at the same time. Twelve @entity0 had a probable @entity4 , 2 @entity0 had a probable @entity5 and 3 @entity0 had a probable @entity5 and @entity4 at the same time. By univariate analysis, factors associated with @entity4 and @entity5 were: female gender (p<0.03), rent (p<0.03), high school graduation (p<0.009), @entity2 (p<0.05). By multivariate analysis, independent factors associated with these emotional disorders were: female gender (p=0.005, OR 11.3), the high school graduation (p=0.004, OR 12.1). CONCLUSION: In our cohort, risk factors for @entity4 and @entity5 were the high school graduation and @entity2 . Consequently, psychological interventions would be useful when these factors are identified.

title: Risk factors of XXXX in @entity1 in a tunisian survey. Results of a cross-sectional study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) regarding risk factors for @entity6 . The aims of our work were to evaluate the frequency of @entity4 and @entity5 among @entity0 with @entity1 and to determine the factors associated with these @entity3 in Tunisian @entity0 . METHODS: From June 2012 to April 2013, 60 consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 answered a questionnaire about psychological and socioeconomic factors and adherence to treatment. In this study we focused the analysis on the characteristics of @entity1 (type, localization, severity, treatment) and socioeconomic factors (professional, educational, and marital status). @entity4 and @entity5 were assessed by the Hospital @entity4 and @entity5 Scale (HADS). RESULTS: According to the HADS, 25 @entity0 (41.6%) were anxious while 4 (6.6%) were @entity5 . Three had @entity4 and @entity5 at the same time. Twelve @entity0 had a probable @entity4 , 2 @entity0 had a probable @entity5 and 3 @entity0 had a probable @entity5 and @entity4 at the same time. By univariate analysis, factors associated with @entity4 and @entity5 were: female gender (p<0.03), rent (p<0.03), high school graduation (p<0.009), @entity2 (p<0.05). By multivariate analysis, independent factors associated with these emotional disorders were: female gender (p=0.005, OR 11.3), the high school graduation (p=0.004, OR 12.1). CONCLUSION: In our cohort, risk factors for @entity4 and @entity5 were the high school graduation and @entity2 . Consequently, psychological interventions would be useful when these factors are identified.

title: Risk factors of @entity3 in XXXX in a tunisian survey. Results of a cross-sectional study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: The administration of opioids intrathecally as a sole anesthetic has proven to be effective in providing adequate surgical anesthesia without much hemodynamic instability. AIM: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of intrathecal @entity4 as a sole anesthetic drug in @entity0 undergoing lower limb surgeries. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: It was a randomized single blinded study conducted in 60 @entity0 undergoing lower limb surgeries. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The @entity0 were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 @entity0 in each group. Group A received 2 ml (60 mg) intrathecal @entity4 and Group B received 2 ml intrathecal 0.5% @entity3 heavy before surgery. Duration of surgery, onset of sensory, and motor blockade and their duration, heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and time for first rescue @entity2 were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Group B showed a statistically significant earlier onset of sensory (2.54    0.87 vs. 3.66    1.10 min) and motor blocks (2.22    0.77 vs. 3.29    1.06 min). The majority of @entity0 in the group A (30%) attained the highest level of sensory block of T11, whereas the majority in group B (33.3%) attained the highest level of sensory block of T8. Majority in the Group A (60%) showed a motor block of Bromage scale Grade III at the beginning of surgery, whereas the majority in Group B (80%) showed a motor block of Bromage scale Grade IV. @entity1 was significantly prolonged in group B (124.33    14.84 vs. 115.60    18.39 min). However, duration of motor blockade was similar in both groups. Group B @entity0 required first @entity2 earlier than Group A (5.24    1.98 h vs. 2.48    0.51 h) which was significant. There was no difference between groups with regard to HR intra-operatively. On comparison of the pre-induction MAP between 2 groups, there was no difference. But later on at 1, 3, 5 min intervals, the MAP was less in group B. But at 10 and 15 min there was no significant difference between groups. The significantly reduced MAP in group B was evident again at 30, 45, and 60 min. There was no difference between groups at 90 and 120 min. Group B required first @entity2 earlier than group A which was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Because of adequate surgical anesthesia, intraoperative hemodynamic stability and prolonged post-operative @entity2 , we recommend the use of intrathecal @entity4 as a sole anesthetic agent for lower limb surgeries.

title: Efficacy and safety of intrathecal XXXX as a sole anesthetic agent for lower limb surgeries.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac involvement is a leading cause of @entity1 from @entity3 . Because the efficacy of corticosteroid treatment is limited in @entity0 with cardiac manifestation, early diagnosis is important. However, cardiac involvement is difficult to identify at early stages and is often underdiagnosed. Therefore, this study aimed to identify electrocardiographic risk factors for @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: This prospective observational cohort study included 227 @entity0 with @entity3 who did not have any cardiac manifestation (age, 49  17years; @entity0 , 63%). We studied the association of @entity5 with developing cardiac manifestations. RESULTS: During a follow-up of 6.3  3.7years, 11 @entity0 developed @entity2 , including advanced @entity4 (4 @entity0 ), @entity6 (4 @entity0 ), and @entity2 (3 @entity0 ). All @entity0 had @entity5 prior to the development of @entity2 . In multivariate analyses, the baseline heart rate and PR interval were associated with increased risk of developing @entity2 . The QRS duration and corrected QT interval were not associated with cardiac manifestations. The multivariate analyses also revealed that baseline @entity7 , ST segment/T wave abnormalities, and fragmented QRS complexes were associated with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 occurred prior to @entity2 in @entity3 . @entity0 with @entity5 may require further evaluation for cardiac involvement and careful follow-up.

title: XXXX and risk of developing @entity2 in @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac involvement is a leading cause of @entity1 from @entity3 . Because the efficacy of corticosteroid treatment is limited in @entity0 with cardiac manifestation, early diagnosis is important. However, cardiac involvement is difficult to identify at early stages and is often underdiagnosed. Therefore, this study aimed to identify electrocardiographic risk factors for @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: This prospective observational cohort study included 227 @entity0 with @entity3 who did not have any cardiac manifestation (age, 49  17years; @entity0 , 63%). We studied the association of @entity5 with developing cardiac manifestations. RESULTS: During a follow-up of 6.3  3.7years, 11 @entity0 developed @entity2 , including advanced @entity4 (4 @entity0 ), @entity6 (4 @entity0 ), and @entity2 (3 @entity0 ). All @entity0 had @entity5 prior to the development of @entity2 . In multivariate analyses, the baseline heart rate and PR interval were associated with increased risk of developing @entity2 . The QRS duration and corrected QT interval were not associated with cardiac manifestations. The multivariate analyses also revealed that baseline @entity7 , ST segment/T wave abnormalities, and fragmented QRS complexes were associated with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 occurred prior to @entity2 in @entity3 . @entity0 with @entity5 may require further evaluation for cardiac involvement and careful follow-up.

title: @entity5 and risk of developing @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac involvement is a leading cause of @entity1 from @entity3 . Because the efficacy of corticosteroid treatment is limited in @entity0 with cardiac manifestation, early diagnosis is important. However, cardiac involvement is difficult to identify at early stages and is often underdiagnosed. Therefore, this study aimed to identify electrocardiographic risk factors for @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: This prospective observational cohort study included 227 @entity0 with @entity3 who did not have any cardiac manifestation (age, 49  17years; @entity0 , 63%). We studied the association of @entity5 with developing cardiac manifestations. RESULTS: During a follow-up of 6.3  3.7years, 11 @entity0 developed @entity2 , including advanced @entity4 (4 @entity0 ), @entity6 (4 @entity0 ), and @entity2 (3 @entity0 ). All @entity0 had @entity5 prior to the development of @entity2 . In multivariate analyses, the baseline heart rate and PR interval were associated with increased risk of developing @entity2 . The QRS duration and corrected QT interval were not associated with cardiac manifestations. The multivariate analyses also revealed that baseline @entity7 , ST segment/T wave abnormalities, and fragmented QRS complexes were associated with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 occurred prior to @entity2 in @entity3 . @entity0 with @entity5 may require further evaluation for cardiac involvement and careful follow-up.

title: @entity5 and risk of developing XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) of two age groups were exposed to a cationic @entity7 -based flocculant at various concentrations in static bioassay chambers. At lethal concentrations the flocculant produced severe gill alterations in all fish. The principal alterations were @entity1 and separation of the respiratory epithelial cells covering secondary lamellae. Many @entity1 @entity5 cells were also seen, their apical plasma membrane was destroyed, and mitochondria were swollen with separated cristae. An influx of a large amount of fluid into the interstitial spaces caused partial or complete separation of subepithelial spaces from the covering epithelial cells and basement membranes of underlying blood vessels. Clinicopathological alterations included marked @entity3 , partial pressure of @entity0 , @entity6 and plasma @entity4 , and @entity5 concentrations. Hematocrit, total protein, and blood @entity2 were increased. Fish exposed to sublethal concentrations had gill alterations characterized by hypercellularity and thickening of the secondary lamellae. These were due to undifferentiated cell proliferation and macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration between the covering epithelial cells and the underlying blood vessels. Macrophages and undifferentiated cells had large phagolysosomes containing cytoplasmic organelles, an indication of cell injury and increased turnover.

title: Ultrastructural and clinicopathological studies on the toxicity of cationic XXXX -based flocculant to @entity8 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) of two age groups were exposed to a cationic @entity7 -based flocculant at various concentrations in static bioassay chambers. At lethal concentrations the flocculant produced severe gill alterations in all fish. The principal alterations were @entity1 and separation of the respiratory epithelial cells covering secondary lamellae. Many @entity1 @entity5 cells were also seen, their apical plasma membrane was destroyed, and mitochondria were swollen with separated cristae. An influx of a large amount of fluid into the interstitial spaces caused partial or complete separation of subepithelial spaces from the covering epithelial cells and basement membranes of underlying blood vessels. Clinicopathological alterations included marked @entity3 , partial pressure of @entity0 , @entity6 and plasma @entity4 , and @entity5 concentrations. Hematocrit, total protein, and blood @entity2 were increased. Fish exposed to sublethal concentrations had gill alterations characterized by hypercellularity and thickening of the secondary lamellae. These were due to undifferentiated cell proliferation and macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration between the covering epithelial cells and the underlying blood vessels. Macrophages and undifferentiated cells had large phagolysosomes containing cytoplasmic organelles, an indication of cell injury and increased turnover.

title: Ultrastructural and clinicopathological studies on the toxicity of cationic @entity7 -based flocculant to XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is an increasing health problem globally. Overweight and @entity1 may be established as early as 2-5 years of age, highlighting the need for evidence-based effective prevention and treatment programs early in life. In adults, mobile phone based interventions for weight management (mHealth) have demonstrated positive effects on body mass, however, their use in @entity0 populations has yet to be examined. The aim of this paper is to report the study design and methodology of the MINSTOP (Mobile-based Intervention Intended to Stop Obesity in Preschoolers) trial. METHODS/DESIGN: A two-arm, parallel design randomized controlled trial in 300 healthy Swedish 4-year-olds is conducted. After baseline measures, parents are allocated to either an intervention- or control group. The 6- month mHealth intervention consists of a web-based application (the MINSTOP app) to help parents promote healthy eating and physical activity in @entity0 . MINISTOP is based on the Social Cognitive Theory and involves the delivery of a comprehensive, personalized program of information and text messages based on existing guidelines for a healthy diet and active lifestyle in pre-school @entity0 . Parents also register physical activity and intakes of candy, soft drinks, vegetables as well as fruits of their @entity0 and receive feedback through the application. Primary outcomes include @entity3 , while secondary outcomes are time spent in sedentary, moderate, and vigorous physical activity, physical fitness and intakes of fruits and vegetables, snacks, soft drinks and candy. Food and energy intake (Tool for Energy balance in @entity0 , TECH), body @entity3 (pediatric option for BodPod), physical activity (Actigraph wGT3x-BT) and physical fitness (the PREFIT battery of five fitness tests) are measured at baseline, after the intervention (six months after baseline) and at follow-up (12  months after baseline). DISCUSSION: This novel study will evaluate the effectiveness of a mHealth program for @entity2 in body @entity3 among 4-year-old @entity0 . If the intervention proves effective it has great potential to be implemented in @entity0 -health care to counteract childhood overweight and @entity1 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02021786 ; 20 Dec 2013.

title: A web- and mobile phone-based intervention to prevent XXXX in 4-year-olds (MINISTOP): a population-based randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is evidence that consistent sitting for prolonged periods is associated with upper quadrant @entity3 (UQMP). It is unclear whether postural alignment is a significant risk factor. OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: The aim of the prospective study (2010-2011) was to ascertain if three-dimensional sitting postural angles, measured in a real-life school computer classroom setting, predict seated-related UQMP. METHOD: Asymptomatic Grade 10 high-school students, aged 15-17 years, undertaking Computer Application Technology, were eligible to participate. Using the 3D Posture Analysis Tool, sitting posture was measured while students used desk-top computers. Posture was reported as five upper quadrant angles ( @entity1 , Neck flexion; Craniocervical angle, Trunk flexion and Head lateral bending). The Computer Usage Questionnaire measured seated-related UQMP and hours of computer use. The Beck Depression Inventory and the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for @entity0 assessed psychosocial factors. Sitting posture, computer use and psychosocial factors were measured at baseline. UQMP was measured at six months and one-year follow-up. RESULTS: 211, 190 and 153 students participated at baseline, six months and one-year follow-up respectively. 34.2% students complained of seated-related UQMP during the follow-up period. Increased head flexion (HF) predicted seated-related UQMP developing over time for a small group of students with @entity2 scores greater than the 90th @entity2 percentile, adjusted for age, gender, BMI, computer use and psychosocial factors (p  =  0.003). The @entity2 score increased 0.22 points per 1   increase in HF. CONCLUSIONS: Classroom ergonomics and postural hygiene should therefore focus on reducing large HF angles among computing adolescents.

title: The relationship between sitting posture and seated-related upper quadrant XXXX in computing South African adolescents: A prospective study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) among male university students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The role of relevant medical and dental histories in the assessment of @entity4 in this Arab population was also addressed. METHODS: Required information was collected via a questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire was used to obtain the medical and dental histories of @entity0 . The second part included 10 questions regarding common @entity4 symptoms. Fonseca's anamnestic index (FAI) was used to classify @entity4 severity as "no dysfunction", "light dysfunction", "moderate @entity1 ". RESULTS: Of the 600 distributed questionnaires, 400 questionnaires were completed (response rate: 66.6%). Mean age of eligible @entity0 was 21.90      1.79  years. Psychological stress (30.5%) and direct restorations (77%) were the most commonly reported items on the medical and dental histories respectively for the total number of @entity0 . According to the FAI, 53.2% of @entity0 were classified as having no dysfunction, followed by light (36.1%), moderate (9.6%), and severe dysfunction (1.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the FAI, mild to moderate prevalence of @entity4 appears to exist among male university students in Riyadh. Histories of psychological stress and dental treatment were evident among these students. Information obtained from the FAI may be helpful in assessing the prevalence of @entity4 and has important implications for the early diagnosis of @entity4 and the prevention of future @entity2 .

title: Prevalence and severity of XXXX among university students in Riyadh.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the literature pertaining to the effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy on disease progression in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: We performed a systematic review using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from January 1990 to December 2013 for observational studies and randomized clinical trials that study the effect of hormone therapy on the occurrence of flares in menopausal @entity0 with @entity1 . The screenings of titles and abstracts, full text review, and risk of bias assessments were done by two independent reviewers. RESULTS: A total of 12,548 articles were identified. After title and abstract screening and removal of duplicates, 692 articles were retrieved for full text review. Five studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in the analysis, and the methodological quality was assessed. Two of the studies were randomized controlled trials and three were observational studies. One randomized controlled trial found that menopausal @entity0 who received hormone therapy were at a higher risk for developing minor to moderate flares of @entity1 . In the other four studies, there was no significant difference in @entity1 activity between hormone therapy and non-hormone therapy users. CONCLUSIONS: Hormone therapy in menopausal @entity0 with @entity1 appears to be well tolerated. While there is some evidence supporting an increase in risk of mild to moderate flares among hormone therapy users, no association was identified between hormone therapy use and severe disease flares. In addition, hormone therapy was associated with significant improvement in menopausal symptoms and quality of life. Larger trials are required to assess the long-term effects of hormone therapy on the course of @entity1 in menopausal @entity0 and to identify @entity0 characteristics associated with an increased risk of flares in the setting of hormone therapy exposure.

title: Effect of menopause hormone therapy on disease progression in XXXX : A systematic review.

answer: @entity1