abstract: BACKGROUND: Poverty is correlated with negative health outcomes in pediatric primary care, and is emerging as a negative prognostic indicator in pediatric oncology. However, measures of poverty amenable to targeted intervention, such as @entity2 ( @entity2 )-including food, energy, and housing insecurity-have not been described in pediatric oncology. We describe the trajectory of family reported @entity2 and income poverty at a pediatric oncology referral center in New England with high psychosocial supports. PROCEDURE: Single site, prospective cohort study including 99 English-speaking families of @entity0 receiving chemotherapy for primary @entity1 . Families completed face-to-face surveys at two time-points: (1) Within 30 days of @entity0 's diagnosis (T1) (N   =   99, response rate 88%); (2) 6-months following diagnosis (T2) (N   =   93, response rate 94%). @entity2 was assessed in three domains: food, energy, and housing insecurity. RESULTS: Twenty percent of families reported low-income ( <=200% Federal Poverty Level) and at least one @entity2 prior to their @entity0 's diagnosis. At T2, 25% of families lost >40% annual household income secondary to treatment-related work disruptions, and 29% of families reported @entity2 despite utilization of psychosocial supports. CONCLUSIONS: Low-income and @entity2 are prevalent in a significant proportion of newly diagnosed pediatric oncology families at a large referral center. Despite psychosocial supports, the proportion of families experiencing unmet basic needs increases during chemotherapy to nearly one in three families. @entity2 provides a quantifiable and remediable measure of poverty in pediatric oncology. Interventions to ameliorate this concrete component of poverty could benefit a significant proportion of pediatric oncology families. Pediatr @entity1    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Trajectory of material hardship and income poverty in families of XXXX undergoing chemotherapy: A prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Ten cases of @entity6 in @entity0 during a 25 year period were reviewed. Infection occurred in five @entity0 and five @entity0 with a mean age of 9 1/6 years. None had prior bursal disease. Direct @entity1 or local @entity3 preceded the @entity6 in seven @entity0 . The involved bursae were prepatellar (eight), olecranon (one), and subacromial (one). Presenting signs included @entity2 with localized swelling, @entity5 , and erythema; superficial fluctuance and painless joint motion were helpful diagnostic findings. Bursal fluid cultures yielded @entity4 (nine) and @entity8 (one). Surgical therapy included needle aspiration (three), incision and drainage (three), and both procedures (four). Antimicrobial therapy was given to nine @entity0 ; four received only oral antimicrobials. Nine @entity0 including all who received oral antimicrobials recovered rapidly without apparent sequelae. One @entity0 's course was complicate by @entity7 and @entity9 . @entity6 is an uncommon @entity3 in @entity0 and should be differentiated from cellulitis and @entity9 . Rapid recovery is usually seen with appropriate therapy.

title: XXXX in childhood.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Both clinical and laboratory studies have demonstrated an increased risk of @entity1 after splenectomy. The importance of the spleen in clearing a bacterial challenge from pneumococci or other encapsulated organisms is now well accepted. The role of the spleen in handling a @entity3 due to nonencapsulated (Gram negative) organisms is not well established. @entity0 were subjected to either sham operation or splenectomy. Two weeks after surgery, all animals received 10(6) @entity2 by intraperitoneal injection. Tail vein blood samples for quantitative culture were obtained at multiple time intervals after the bacterial challenge. All animals developed a @entity3 . Initially, the mean bloodstream bacterial counts were comparable in the sham and splenectomy groups. Sham-operated @entity0 cleared all bacteria from the bloodstream within 240 minutes. In contrast, 240 minutes after bacterial injection, @entity2 could still be recovered from the blood of asplenic @entity0 at levels comparable to those noted at the start of the experiment. The present study shows that splenectomy does impair the animal's ability to clear a @entity3 .

title: The effect of splenectomy on gram-negative XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Between a March and December of 1979, and outbreak of @entity3 due to multiply antibiotic resistant @entity10 took place in a 50-bed neonatal intensive care unit. Fifteen neonates suffered major @entity3 ( @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity1 ) with one @entity2 , and 20 suffered minor @entity3 ( @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity8 ). Epidemiologic investigation failed to reveal a common source; @entity10 , however, ws isolated from an employee's hand, emollient skin cleanser, suction tubing, and three in-use manual @entity0 resuscitation bags. The skin cleanser and equipment-cleaning agents were ineffective against @entity10 . Asymptomatic, colonized @entity0 were the major reservoir of @entity10 . These @entity0 were identified by daily cultures of the nose, umbilicus and rectum. The rectal swab most commonly (76%) yielded first-positive cultures in previously uncolonized @entity0 , and was ultimately positive in 92% of colonized @entity0 . A control program was begun by: 1) removing all inanimate sources of @entity10 ; and 2) cohorting @entity0 and staff into a @entity10 -exposed group and a new @entity0 group. The new @entity0 group of @entity0 was surveyed by daily triple-site cultures for colonization and subsequent transfer to the @entity10 -exposed group. After four months, the @entity9 was controlled and the organism eradicated from the neonatal intensive care unit.

title: Epidemic XXXX in a neonatal intensive care unit: importance of the gastrointestinal tract as a reservoir.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity4 utilization comprises two phases, cellular uptake and intracellular metabolism. The paper reviews reports on @entity2 uptake in different species and at different stages of lactation and presents new data on changes at lactogenesis. The relative importance of changes in factors which determine uptake, mammary blood flow, arterial concentration, and mammary extraction, are discussed. In addition to direct incorporation into milk protein, some absorbed @entity4 are an energy source and @entity1 precursors of other @entity4 synthesized in mammary cells. Branched-chain @entity4 and @entity6 act as @entity5 precursors in these syntheses. @entity6 , which is derived partly from absorbed @entity0 , is also a precursor of @entity7 , a postulated intracellular mediator of hormone action. The question of whether milk protein yield is limited by supply to the mammary gland of certain @entity4 is discussed. Much evidence indicates the importance of certain essential @entity4 that are transferred stoichiometrically from blood to milk. Results of experiments involving administration of exogenous @entity8 to @entity3 are presented. Increases in milk yield and protein yield are associated with increased rates of mammary blood flow, emphasizing the role of the latter in determining uptake.

title: XXXX utilization by lactating mammary gland.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical patterns in young Chinese @entity0 (less than 40  years old) with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and the outcome of primary open surgery. METHODS: Thirty-four young @entity0 , with histologically confirmed @entity4 between 1985 and 2005 at Qilu Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, who underwent primary open surgery were retrospectively evaluated according to the clinical patterns in comparison with 374 non-young @entity0 (older than 40  years). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate. The relevance of smoking, @entity2 location, @entity2 -node- @entity1 (TNM) staging, lymph node involvement, @entity2 size, and histological differentiation to overall survival was tested by multivariate analysis. RESULTS: There was a significantly higher rate of smoking (p   =   0.020) in the non-young @entity0 compared to the young @entity0 , but no significant difference was observed in @entity3 consumption, @entity2 location, @entity2 size, TNM staging, lymph node @entity1 , histological grade, and 5-year overall survival. One-year survival rates were 100  %, 3-year survival rates were 79.41  %, and 5-year survival rates were 67.65  %. In the multivariate analysis, lymph node involvement (p   =   0.006), @entity2 stage (p   =   0.022), and @entity2 size (p   =   0.004) proved to be significant predictors of overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of smoking was significantly higher in non-young @entity0 compared to young @entity0 . Primary surgery with or without radiotherapy may provide a value treatment option for young @entity4 . Nodal status, @entity2 stage, and @entity2 size were the primary determinants of overall survival in multivariate analysis. These data may provide useful information for counseling and treatment planning.

title: The role of primary surgical treatment in young XXXX with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: a 20-year review of 34 cases.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fibroblastic foci profusion on histopathology and severity of traction @entity6 on highresolution computed tomography (HRCT) have been shown to be predictors of mortality in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between fibroblastic foci (FF) profusion and HRCT patterns in @entity0 with a histopathologic diagnosis of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), fibrotic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: The HRCT scans of 162 @entity0 with a histopathologic diagnosis of @entity5 or @entity3 (n   =   162) were scored on extent of groundglass opacification, reticulation, honeycombing, @entity4 and severity of traction @entity6 . For each @entity0 , a fibroblastic foci profusion score based on histopathologic appearances was assigned. Relationships between extent of fibroblastic foci and individual HRCT patterns were investigated using univariate correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: Increasing extent of reticulation (P   <   0.0001) and increasing severity of traction @entity6 (P   <   0.0001) were independently associated with increasing FF score within the entire cohort. Within individual multidisciplinary team diagnosis subgroups, the only significant independent association with FF score was severity of traction @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 )/ @entity5 (n   =   66, r(2)   =   0.19, P   <   0.0001) and @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (n   =   49, r(2)   =   0.45, P   <   0.0001). Furthermore, FF score had the strongest association with severity of traction @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity5 (r(2)   =   0.34, P   <   0.0001) and @entity1 (r(2)   =   0.35, P   <   0.0001). There was no correlation between FF score and severity of traction @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity3 . Global disease extent had the strongest association with severity of traction @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity3 (r(2)   =   0.58, P   <   0.0001). CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with @entity2 , profusion of fibroblastic foci is strikingly related to the severity of traction @entity6 , particularly in @entity5 and @entity1 . This may explain the growing evidence that traction @entity6 is a predictor of mortality in several @entity2 .

title: Relationship between fibroblastic foci profusion and high resolution CT morphology in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Five hundred fifty-nine @entity0 undergoing aortocoronary operation were analyzed retrospectively according to the type of myocardial protection implemented during the period of @entity1 . In Group 1 (253 @entity0 ), a rapid method of hypothermic cardioplegia alone was utilized. In Group 2 (306 @entity0 ), slower infusion of the same solution with topical @entity4 was implemented. Cardiac isoenzymes (CPK-MB, LDH1, LDH2, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) and @entity2 index (MII) were measured postoperatively for 48 hours. Immediately after operation, a significant difference was found between Groups 1 and 2 in the CPK-MB isoenzyme mean value levels--12.1 versus 18.6 IU, p less than 0.01--and MII mean values--5.2 versus 8.1, p less than 0.01. CPK-MB variances between subgroups receiving two, three, and four grafts were significantly different in favor of Group 1. Differences were also found in LDH1, LDH2, total lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and SGOT: Group 2 levels were significantly higher than in Group 1. There were ten intraoperative @entity3 in Group 2 and none in Group 1. In 45% of the @entity0 in Group 2, inotropic agents were necessary in the postoperative period versus none in Group 1. Spontaneous cardiac rhythm following @entity1 occurred in 89.7% of the @entity0 in group 1 versus 29% in Group 2. A method of pressurized high-flow rapid cardioplegia with intermittent reperfusions alone, seems to provide adequate protection of the myocardium during @entity1 over a slower low-flow method of infusion combined with topical @entity4 .

title: Pressurized rapid cardioplegia versus administration of exogenous substrate and topical XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is among the leading causes of medical visits and lost duty days among members of the United States Armed Forces and represents the highest 5-year risk of @entity3 in the US Army. For certain elements of care, the timing may be just as important as the type of care. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the timing of access to a physical therapist by @entity0 with @entity2 , by looking at outcomes and @entity2 -related healthcare utilization over a 1-year period. METHODS/DESIGN: This trial will be a two-arm pragmatic randomized clinical trial occurring at two different clinical sites in the Military Health System. We will assess outcomes and related downstream costs for @entity0 who access physical therapy at the primary care level compared to those that receive usual care only. There will be 220 consecutive @entity0 randomized to receive care in either group (early physical therapy or usual care only) for the first 4  weeks, and these @entity0 will then be allowed to receive any additional care dictated by their primary care provider for the following year. The primary outcome measure is the @entity1 Index. Secondary outcome measures are the Global Rating of Change, @entity0 Satisfaction and 1-year healthcare utilization. Follow-ups will occur at 4  weeks, 3  months and 1  year. DISCUSSION: This trial takes a pragmatic approach to delivering care by enabling a usual care environment for managing @entity2 , while also allowing immediate access to physical therapy. After the initial intervention, the @entity0 's primary provider can continue to manage the @entity0 as he/she normally would in practice. The Military Health System Data Repository will capture all @entity2 -related healthcare utilization that occurs in order to allow for a comparison between groups. Analysis from retrospective cohorts has shown improved outcomes and decreased costs for @entity0 that received early versus late physical therapy, but this has yet to be shown in prospective trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT01556581 initially on 14 March 2012.

title: COMParative Early Treatment Effectiveness between physical therapy and usual care for XXXX (COMPETE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The relationship between maternal body composition and foetal development is unclear. AIM: To determine the relationship between maternal body composition [fat mass (FM) and @entity2 ( @entity2 )] and foetal growth and birth weight, independent of potential confounding factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study consisted of 92 @entity0 , normal and overweight/obese, recruited from the Instituto Fernandes Figueira in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Body composition (FM and @entity2 ) was estimated using bioelectrical impedance. Foetal growth was assessed using serial ultrasound measurements at the second and third trimester and @entity0 's weight and length were measured at birth. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine the association between maternal FM and @entity2 and birth weight adjusted for gestational age (BWt) and change in estimated foetal weight (  EFW), controlling for @entity0 gender, maternal serum @entity1 , energy intake, parity, height and income. RESULTS: Maternal FM, but not @entity2 , was positively associated with BWt (p   =   0.02) and borderline with   EFW (p   =   0.05). FM expressed as a percentage of body weight (%FM) showed a significant positive association with BWt (p   <   0.001) and   EFW (p   <   0.01). Using backward linear regression analysis, FM was a significant predictor of BWt (p   <   0.001) and   EFW (p   =   0.03), but not change in femur length. CONCLUSION: In this small sample of normal and overweight/obese @entity0 , maternal FM at mid-pregnancy is associated with neonatal BW and foetal growth.

title: Maternal fat mass at mid-pregnancy and birth weight in Brazilian XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are expressed in the brain; however, their role in hippocampus-dependent and cortex-dependent cognitive functions remains to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to comparatively investigate the effects of @entity2 , a selective @entity6 inhibitor, and @entity3 , a selective COX  -II inhibitor, on cognitive functions in an @entity4  -induced @entity1 @entity0 model to understand the specific role of each COX enzyme in the hippocampus and cortex. The @entity4 (250  mg/kg) was administered to the @entity0 in drinking water and the drugs were administered in feed for 30  days. Assessments of memory, including a Morris water maze, social behavior and nesting behavior were performed in control and treated @entity0 . The RNA expression of the COX enzymes were analyzed using reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. An ex  -vivo @entity5 assay was performed in the hippocampus and cortex. Following 30  days of treatment with thedrugs, the @entity0 in the @entity3  - and @entity2  -treated groups exhibited enhanced learning (6.84  0.76 and 9.20  1.08, respectively), compared with the @entity4  -induced @entity1 group (21.14  0.76) on the fifth  day of the Morris water maze test. @entity3 treatment improved social affiliation in the @entity4  -induced @entity1 group, the results of which were superior to @entity2 . @entity2 led to better improvement in nesting score in the @entity4  -induced @entity1 group. Both drugs decreased the expression levels of @entity6 and COX  -II in the hippocampus and cortex, and rescued oxidative stress levels. These findings suggested that each drug distinctly affected cognitive functions, highlighting the distinctive roles of @entity6 and COX-II in learning and memory.

title: Cyclooxygenase I and II inhibitors distinctly enhance hippocampal- and cortex-dependent cognitive functions in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy within pelvis is a vital component of curative therapy for urological, gynecological and rectal malignances. Rectum is especially vulnerable to @entity4 resulting in @entity7 . The most common and life-threatening symptom is @entity3 . @entity2 application into the rectum causes local cauterization of @entity1 . The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of local @entity2 application in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: A solution of 4.0% @entity2 was used in the treatment of 20 @entity0 with clinical and proctoscopic evidence of radiadion @entity7 . Treatment involved direct application of 4.0% @entity2 into the rectum. All @entity0 were followed-up in terms of complete resolution of symptoms or recurrences of @entity3 . RESULTS: A total of 20 @entity0 with a mean age of 69.7 (range, 57-80) years were followed for 51.2 (range, 1-93) months. The mean duration of symptoms was 4.5 (range, 1-10) months and the interval between the end of radiotherapy and symptoms was mostly between 5 and 30 months. @entity0 required an average of 2 (range, 1-5) @entity2 treatments. Of the 20 @entity0 , 10 had complete resolution of their symptoms after their first treatment. In 10 @entity0 @entity3 recurred and they were offered another @entity2 instillation and/or @entity6 suppositories and @entity5 therapy. Complete resolution of symptoms was achieved in all @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Topical @entity2 instillation is effective, safe, and well-tolerated method for the @entity0 with @entity4 . This therapy may be repeated in case of recurrent @entity3 and combined with other methods of treatment.

title: @entity2 therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy within pelvis is a vital component of curative therapy for urological, gynecological and rectal malignances. Rectum is especially vulnerable to @entity4 resulting in @entity7 . The most common and life-threatening symptom is @entity3 . @entity2 application into the rectum causes local cauterization of @entity1 . The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of local @entity2 application in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: A solution of 4.0% @entity2 was used in the treatment of 20 @entity0 with clinical and proctoscopic evidence of radiadion @entity7 . Treatment involved direct application of 4.0% @entity2 into the rectum. All @entity0 were followed-up in terms of complete resolution of symptoms or recurrences of @entity3 . RESULTS: A total of 20 @entity0 with a mean age of 69.7 (range, 57-80) years were followed for 51.2 (range, 1-93) months. The mean duration of symptoms was 4.5 (range, 1-10) months and the interval between the end of radiotherapy and symptoms was mostly between 5 and 30 months. @entity0 required an average of 2 (range, 1-5) @entity2 treatments. Of the 20 @entity0 , 10 had complete resolution of their symptoms after their first treatment. In 10 @entity0 @entity3 recurred and they were offered another @entity2 instillation and/or @entity6 suppositories and @entity5 therapy. Complete resolution of symptoms was achieved in all @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Topical @entity2 instillation is effective, safe, and well-tolerated method for the @entity0 with @entity4 . This therapy may be repeated in case of recurrent @entity3 and combined with other methods of treatment.

title: XXXX therapy for @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is the drug of choice for pharmacological treatment of @entity1 . Studies have pointed to the role of @entity3 and @entity4 as well as in the action mechanisms of drugs used to treat these @entity2 . Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of @entity6 administration on @entity4 release and @entity3 uptake in the brains of young and adult @entity0 . METHODS: @entity6 (1.0, 2.0 and 10.0mg/kg) or saline was injected in young and adult @entity0 male @entity0 either acutely (once) or chronically (once daily for 28 days). Then, the levels of @entity4 release and @entity3 uptake were assessed in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum and cerebral cortex. RESULTS: Chronic @entity6 treatment increased @entity3 uptake at the dose of 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex and striatum, and at the dose of 2.0mg/kg in the cerebral cortex of young @entity0 . In adult @entity0 , an increase in @entity3 uptake was observed after acute administration of @entity6 at the dose of 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex. After chronic treatment, there was an increase in @entity3 uptake with @entity6 doses of 2.0 and 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex, and at an @entity6 dose of 2.0mg/kg in the striatum of adult @entity0 . The @entity4 release did not change with either acute or chronic treatments in young or adult @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that @entity6 increases @entity3 consumption in the brain, and that these changes are dependent on age and posology.

title: @entity5 increases XXXX uptake in the brain of young and adult @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is the drug of choice for pharmacological treatment of @entity1 . Studies have pointed to the role of @entity3 and @entity4 as well as in the action mechanisms of drugs used to treat these @entity2 . Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of @entity6 administration on @entity4 release and @entity3 uptake in the brains of young and adult @entity0 . METHODS: @entity6 (1.0, 2.0 and 10.0mg/kg) or saline was injected in young and adult @entity0 male @entity0 either acutely (once) or chronically (once daily for 28 days). Then, the levels of @entity4 release and @entity3 uptake were assessed in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum and cerebral cortex. RESULTS: Chronic @entity6 treatment increased @entity3 uptake at the dose of 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex and striatum, and at the dose of 2.0mg/kg in the cerebral cortex of young @entity0 . In adult @entity0 , an increase in @entity3 uptake was observed after acute administration of @entity6 at the dose of 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex. After chronic treatment, there was an increase in @entity3 uptake with @entity6 doses of 2.0 and 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex, and at an @entity6 dose of 2.0mg/kg in the striatum of adult @entity0 . The @entity4 release did not change with either acute or chronic treatments in young or adult @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that @entity6 increases @entity3 consumption in the brain, and that these changes are dependent on age and posology.

title: XXXX increases @entity3 uptake in the brain of young and adult @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is the drug of choice for pharmacological treatment of @entity1 . Studies have pointed to the role of @entity3 and @entity4 as well as in the action mechanisms of drugs used to treat these @entity2 . Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of @entity6 administration on @entity4 release and @entity3 uptake in the brains of young and adult @entity0 . METHODS: @entity6 (1.0, 2.0 and 10.0mg/kg) or saline was injected in young and adult @entity0 male @entity0 either acutely (once) or chronically (once daily for 28 days). Then, the levels of @entity4 release and @entity3 uptake were assessed in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum and cerebral cortex. RESULTS: Chronic @entity6 treatment increased @entity3 uptake at the dose of 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex and striatum, and at the dose of 2.0mg/kg in the cerebral cortex of young @entity0 . In adult @entity0 , an increase in @entity3 uptake was observed after acute administration of @entity6 at the dose of 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex. After chronic treatment, there was an increase in @entity3 uptake with @entity6 doses of 2.0 and 10.0mg/kg in the prefrontal cortex, and at an @entity6 dose of 2.0mg/kg in the striatum of adult @entity0 . The @entity4 release did not change with either acute or chronic treatments in young or adult @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that @entity6 increases @entity3 consumption in the brain, and that these changes are dependent on age and posology.

title: @entity5 increases @entity3 uptake in the brain of young and adult XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: This study aimed to assess the relationship between objective measures of cognition and subjective perception of cognitive functioning reported by @entity0 with @entity3 and their caregivers. METHODS: One hundred @entity0 with @entity3 attending hospital neurology outpatient clinics and their caregivers were enrolled in this study. The EpiTrack   (version 1) brief cognitive screening tool was used to measure objective impairment, the ABNAS questionnaire (A-B Neuropsychological Assessment Schedule) to assess subjective cognitive performance, and a version of the ABNAS designed to be completed by caregivers (C-ABNAS) to document caregivers' views. @entity0 @entity2 and @entity4 were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and @entity4 Scale (HADS) and considered as covariates. @entity0 with an uncertain diagnosis of @entity3 or likely severe comorbid mood or @entity2 were excluded. RESULTS: Data from 82 @entity0 were analyzed after exclusion of @entity0 with uncertain diagnoses or likely severe comorbid mood or @entity2 . Fifty-nine (72%) had a degree of objective @entity1 . Fifty (84.7%) of these 59 @entity0 had 'high' ABNAS scores concordant with the objective assessment, and 43 (72.9%) had high C-ABNAS scores matching the abnormalities detected by objective screening. Of the 23 (28%) @entity0 without objective @entity1 , seven (30.4%) had concordantly low ABNAS scores, and 10 (43.4%) had concordantly low C-ABNAS scores. @entity0 @entity5 was more often reported by @entity0 themselves than by caregivers (p=0.011). Carers were significantly more likely to rate @entity0 as having impaired motor coordination than @entity0 themselves. A small part of the variance of the EpiTrack score was predicted by the C-ABNAS. Objective cognitive performance did not predict ABNAS or C-ABNAS scores. CONCLUSIONS: Self-report or caregiver report questionnaires identify @entity0 with @entity3 and objective @entity1 more accurately than @entity0 with intact cognition. Those without objective evidence of @entity1 may, nevertheless, perceive themselves as having @entity5 ; it is these @entity0 , therefore, who most require both subjective and objective assessments of cognition, including carers' assessments, in order to establish the nature of their symptoms. None of these assessment measures can be used as a reliable proxy for another, each contributes individually to a comprehensive assessment of cognition, and all must be used in conjunction with measures of mood and @entity2 .

title: @entity1 in adults with XXXX : The relationship between subjective and objective assessments of cognition.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: This study aimed to assess the relationship between objective measures of cognition and subjective perception of cognitive functioning reported by @entity0 with @entity3 and their caregivers. METHODS: One hundred @entity0 with @entity3 attending hospital neurology outpatient clinics and their caregivers were enrolled in this study. The EpiTrack   (version 1) brief cognitive screening tool was used to measure objective impairment, the ABNAS questionnaire (A-B Neuropsychological Assessment Schedule) to assess subjective cognitive performance, and a version of the ABNAS designed to be completed by caregivers (C-ABNAS) to document caregivers' views. @entity0 @entity2 and @entity4 were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and @entity4 Scale (HADS) and considered as covariates. @entity0 with an uncertain diagnosis of @entity3 or likely severe comorbid mood or @entity2 were excluded. RESULTS: Data from 82 @entity0 were analyzed after exclusion of @entity0 with uncertain diagnoses or likely severe comorbid mood or @entity2 . Fifty-nine (72%) had a degree of objective @entity1 . Fifty (84.7%) of these 59 @entity0 had 'high' ABNAS scores concordant with the objective assessment, and 43 (72.9%) had high C-ABNAS scores matching the abnormalities detected by objective screening. Of the 23 (28%) @entity0 without objective @entity1 , seven (30.4%) had concordantly low ABNAS scores, and 10 (43.4%) had concordantly low C-ABNAS scores. @entity0 @entity5 was more often reported by @entity0 themselves than by caregivers (p=0.011). Carers were significantly more likely to rate @entity0 as having impaired motor coordination than @entity0 themselves. A small part of the variance of the EpiTrack score was predicted by the C-ABNAS. Objective cognitive performance did not predict ABNAS or C-ABNAS scores. CONCLUSIONS: Self-report or caregiver report questionnaires identify @entity0 with @entity3 and objective @entity1 more accurately than @entity0 with intact cognition. Those without objective evidence of @entity1 may, nevertheless, perceive themselves as having @entity5 ; it is these @entity0 , therefore, who most require both subjective and objective assessments of cognition, including carers' assessments, in order to establish the nature of their symptoms. None of these assessment measures can be used as a reliable proxy for another, each contributes individually to a comprehensive assessment of cognition, and all must be used in conjunction with measures of mood and @entity2 .

title: XXXX in adults with @entity3 : The relationship between subjective and objective assessments of cognition.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In the present study the effect of @entity2 (M) on gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the @entity0 hypothalamus was investigated. The specificity of the M effect was demonstrated by injecting M (100 ng) and the M antagonist, @entity4 (5 ng), into the ventromedial hypothalamus. A significant drop in the blood @entity1 level (p less than 0.05) 15 min following M injection and reversal following @entity4 administration suggest a decrease in synthesis or release of @entity5 . To determine whether the @entity5 response to @entity3 (DA) is altered by M, studies were conducted in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro study hypothalami were incubated with M (10(-7) M), DA (10(-7) M), DA plus M, and DA plus M plus @entity4 . Supernatants from the incubate were used to coincubate pituitaries in order to study the effect on luteinizing hormone release. Treatment of the hypothalamus with M had no effect on basal but inhibited the DA-stimulated release of @entity5 . For the in vivo study @entity0 were pretreated with decarboxylase inhibitor ( @entity6 ) followed by treatment per kilogram body weight with M (10 mg), L-dopa (1, 10, and 100 mg), L-dopa plus M, @entity5 (500 ng), and M plus @entity5 . M had no effect on the @entity5 -induced increase in @entity1 levels, whereas the L-dopa-induced increase in @entity1 was blunted by M treatment. It is concluded that M blocks the DA-mediated release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the @entity0 hypothalamus.

title: @entity2 blocks XXXX -mediated release of gonadotropins in @entity0 hypothalamus.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In the present study the effect of @entity2 (M) on gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the @entity0 hypothalamus was investigated. The specificity of the M effect was demonstrated by injecting M (100 ng) and the M antagonist, @entity4 (5 ng), into the ventromedial hypothalamus. A significant drop in the blood @entity1 level (p less than 0.05) 15 min following M injection and reversal following @entity4 administration suggest a decrease in synthesis or release of @entity5 . To determine whether the @entity5 response to @entity3 (DA) is altered by M, studies were conducted in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro study hypothalami were incubated with M (10(-7) M), DA (10(-7) M), DA plus M, and DA plus M plus @entity4 . Supernatants from the incubate were used to coincubate pituitaries in order to study the effect on luteinizing hormone release. Treatment of the hypothalamus with M had no effect on basal but inhibited the DA-stimulated release of @entity5 . For the in vivo study @entity0 were pretreated with decarboxylase inhibitor ( @entity6 ) followed by treatment per kilogram body weight with M (10 mg), L-dopa (1, 10, and 100 mg), L-dopa plus M, @entity5 (500 ng), and M plus @entity5 . M had no effect on the @entity5 -induced increase in @entity1 levels, whereas the L-dopa-induced increase in @entity1 was blunted by M treatment. It is concluded that M blocks the DA-mediated release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the @entity0 hypothalamus.

title: XXXX blocks @entity3 -mediated release of gonadotropins in @entity0 hypothalamus.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the present study the effect of @entity2 (M) on gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the @entity0 hypothalamus was investigated. The specificity of the M effect was demonstrated by injecting M (100 ng) and the M antagonist, @entity4 (5 ng), into the ventromedial hypothalamus. A significant drop in the blood @entity1 level (p less than 0.05) 15 min following M injection and reversal following @entity4 administration suggest a decrease in synthesis or release of @entity5 . To determine whether the @entity5 response to @entity3 (DA) is altered by M, studies were conducted in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro study hypothalami were incubated with M (10(-7) M), DA (10(-7) M), DA plus M, and DA plus M plus @entity4 . Supernatants from the incubate were used to coincubate pituitaries in order to study the effect on luteinizing hormone release. Treatment of the hypothalamus with M had no effect on basal but inhibited the DA-stimulated release of @entity5 . For the in vivo study @entity0 were pretreated with decarboxylase inhibitor ( @entity6 ) followed by treatment per kilogram body weight with M (10 mg), L-dopa (1, 10, and 100 mg), L-dopa plus M, @entity5 (500 ng), and M plus @entity5 . M had no effect on the @entity5 -induced increase in @entity1 levels, whereas the L-dopa-induced increase in @entity1 was blunted by M treatment. It is concluded that M blocks the DA-mediated release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the @entity0 hypothalamus.

title: @entity2 blocks @entity3 -mediated release of gonadotropins in XXXX hypothalamus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Nine prepubertal obese @entity0 ages 9 1/2 to 12 yr followed moderately restricted diets and moderate exercise routine for 31 wk. Foods were selected from the family's basic diet and the physical activities were tailored to the home environment. This dietary (approximate decrease of 600 kcal/day) and activity (approximate increase of 300 kcal/day) intervention program was sufficient to stop weight gain and normalize key metabolic indices for prediction of @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity1 . Throughout the treatment period serum lipid responses included significantly lower (p less than 0.05) total @entity3 , low-density lipoprotein- @entity3 and @entity7 . High-density lipoprotein- @entity3 was constant throughout the period. Responses in @entity8 metabolism included significantly lower (p less than 0.05) fasting @entity9 and @entity4 . @entity9 and @entity4 levels were positively correlated with total caloric consumption and @entity9 was also positively correlated with @entity6 consumption (p less than 0.05). Fasting @entity9 / @entity4 ratios and glycosylated Hb decreased throughout the treatment period, but serum glucagon levels remained constant. In response to a @entity4 load, @entity9 and @entity4 decreased significantly by wk 31 of treatment. A practical approach for normalizing metabolism in obese male @entity0 is presented.

title: Moderate diet control in XXXX : the effects on metabolic indicators that predict obesity-related degenerative diseases.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A ten-year follow-up study of @entity1 among residents 40 years and older in a rural community located on Shikoku Island, Japan, was completed in 1977. The response rate for the initial examinations was 85% of 920 males and 90% of 1,012 females. Seven hundred and seventy-two males and 901 females who were initially free of @entity1 were followed from July 1967 through June 1977. The incidence of all @entity1 was 10.47 per thousand @entity0 -years for males and 6.41 per thousand @entity0 -years for females. The statistically significant risk factors for @entity1 were age, male sex, elevated blood pressure, ECG abnormalities, and @entity5 . Elevated blood pressure was the strongest risk factor and mean arterial pressure was the best predictive measure. Twice as high a proportion of @entity1 were subclassified as @entity6 (26%) in this study as have been reported in comparable studies in the United States (12-15%). An inverse relationship between serum @entity2 levels and @entity6 incidence, but not @entity4 , was observed. High @entity3 intake was a risk factor for @entity6 but not for @entity4 . No relationship between @entity1 and weight was observed despite the relationship of @entity1 to blood pressure and of weight to blood pressure.

title: Risk factors for XXXX and @entity4 in a Japanese rural community.

answer: @entity6


abstract: A ten-year follow-up study of @entity1 among residents 40 years and older in a rural community located on Shikoku Island, Japan, was completed in 1977. The response rate for the initial examinations was 85% of 920 males and 90% of 1,012 females. Seven hundred and seventy-two males and 901 females who were initially free of @entity1 were followed from July 1967 through June 1977. The incidence of all @entity1 was 10.47 per thousand @entity0 -years for males and 6.41 per thousand @entity0 -years for females. The statistically significant risk factors for @entity1 were age, male sex, elevated blood pressure, ECG abnormalities, and @entity5 . Elevated blood pressure was the strongest risk factor and mean arterial pressure was the best predictive measure. Twice as high a proportion of @entity1 were subclassified as @entity6 (26%) in this study as have been reported in comparable studies in the United States (12-15%). An inverse relationship between serum @entity2 levels and @entity6 incidence, but not @entity4 , was observed. High @entity3 intake was a risk factor for @entity6 but not for @entity4 . No relationship between @entity1 and weight was observed despite the relationship of @entity1 to blood pressure and of weight to blood pressure.

title: Risk factors for @entity6 and XXXX in a Japanese rural community.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 20 @entity1 and 16 obsessive compulsive in- @entity0 who took part at a psychoanalytic group psychotherapy were reexamined 2--9 years later. The question was pursued whether there are relations between data of life history and severity of @entity3 on the one hand and outcome on the other hand. On account of further individual and group psychotherapy after discharge different durations of treatment were reached. Their influence on the outcome was studied. The findings were: 1. Some data concerning education, profession/capacity for work, contact, sexuality/partnership could be related to favorable and unfavorable outcomes. 2. It was possible too, to find relations between items which characterize the severity of @entity3 and outcome. 3. Longer duration of treatment results in significant better outcomes. 4. A tendency was found, that changes of @entity2 traits in comparison with symptomatic improvement are more close connected with duration of treatment than with severity of @entity3 .

title: [Prognostic criteria in institutional group psychotherapy of XXXX and compulsive neurotic @entity0 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: 20 @entity1 and 16 obsessive compulsive in- @entity0 who took part at a psychoanalytic group psychotherapy were reexamined 2--9 years later. The question was pursued whether there are relations between data of life history and severity of @entity3 on the one hand and outcome on the other hand. On account of further individual and group psychotherapy after discharge different durations of treatment were reached. Their influence on the outcome was studied. The findings were: 1. Some data concerning education, profession/capacity for work, contact, sexuality/partnership could be related to favorable and unfavorable outcomes. 2. It was possible too, to find relations between items which characterize the severity of @entity3 and outcome. 3. Longer duration of treatment results in significant better outcomes. 4. A tendency was found, that changes of @entity2 traits in comparison with symptomatic improvement are more close connected with duration of treatment than with severity of @entity3 .

title: [Prognostic criteria in institutional group psychotherapy of @entity1 and compulsive neurotic XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Electrophysiologic and isotopic techniques were used to characterize the anion permeabilities of isolated perfused @entity0 proximal tubules (S2 segments). Tubules were differentiated into @entity2 - and @entity1 -selective populations by electrophysiologic rather than by anatomic criteria. The tubules were studied under conditions that inhibited active @entity1 transport. The isotopic @entity2 permeability coefficient was 5.5 +/- 0.6 X 10(-5) cm/s (n = 19) for @entity2 -selective tubules and 3.2 +/- 0.6 X 10(-5) cm/s (n = 15) for @entity1 -selective tubules. The @entity4 permeability coefficient was 1.1 +/- 0.2 X 10(-5) cm/s (n = 23) and did not vary with @entity1 or @entity2 selectivity. The variation of oxyanion permeability ( @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 ) relative to @entity2 resulted from changes in @entity2 permeability, per se, rather than any change in the oxyanion permeability. A consistent relation between @entity3 and @entity4 permeability permitted the permeability of @entity3 ion to be estimated at 1.3 X 10(-5) cm/s. The mechanism of ion selectivity appears to be different for the two populations of tubules. @entity2 -selective tubules appear to hve relatively small pathways that do not contain fixed-charge sites. In contrast, @entity1 -selective tubules may have permeation pathways that contain fixed negative-charge sites.

title: Anion permeabilities of the isolated perfused XXXX proximal tubule.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: Simple @entity1 were easily recognizable with the advanced imaging procedures, such as ultrasound and computed tomography scan. A large cyst or significant symptoms were indications for the treatments. Ablation therapy with @entity8 agents was effective, but there were several complications including severe @entity2 . With the surgical cyst unroofing method introduced, we compared the cyst unroofing method and ablation therapy. METHODS: Between March 1997 and May 2011, we performed treatments of simple @entity1 in 27 @entity0 . There were 23 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 (age range: 42-84 years; mean age: 64 years). The cyst unroofing was undergone with laparoscopic (n=13) and open technique (n=1). The ablation therapy was performed with @entity5 (n=13) and @entity7 (n=1). RESULTS: The usual symptoms of the @entity1 were abdominal mass (n=7), indigestion (n=4), abdominal discomfort (n=3), and the increasing size of the cysts (n=4). The mean diameter of the cysts was 10.9 cm. The cyst unroofing method was performed effectively in 14 @entity0 . One @entity0 had @entity3 during operation, and was converted to the open technique. One @entity0 had a bile leak from the cyst, but it was successfully closed with the laparoscopic technique. Among the 14 cases with the ablation therapy, there were 4 complications: @entity6 (n=1); cyst leaking during aspiration (n=2); @entity4 (n=1); and death due to @entity7 intoxication (n=1). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic cyst unroofing was more effective and safer in management than the ablation therapy in simple @entity1 .

title: Managements of simple XXXX : ablation therapy versus cyst unroofing.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Low-grade @entity2 (LGGs) are the second most prevalent type of primary @entity4 in adults. The prognosis for LGGs can differ according to the clinical-pathological prognostic factors determined during diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify 10-year, disease-free survival (DFS), 10-year @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and related clinical-pathological prognostic factors of adult @entity0 with supratentorial, low-grade @entity2 who were treated with or without surgery and radiation therapy. METHODS: The study included 110 @entity0 who were confirmed to have low-grade, @entity2 and who had received surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy or salvage radiotherapy as part of their treatment. These @entity0 were followed by the radiation-oncology ward at Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2002 and 2012. The log-rank test (univariate) and the @entity3 proportional hazards model (multivariate) were used to examine the 10-year DFS and @entity5 and to assess the strengths of various histo-clinical factors relative to 10-year DFS and @entity5 . RESULTS: The study included 110 @entity0 for whom 10-year DFS and @entity5 were found to be 23 and 28%, respectively. Favorable prognostic factors in the univariate analysis using the Kaplan-Meier 10-year @entity5 analysis were the following: age below 40, karnofsky performance status (KPS) more than 70, the presence of @entity6 , @entity1 size of < 5 cm, and gross-total resection (p=0.02, p=0.01, p=0.03, p=0.01, p=0.02, respectively). Good prognostic factors in multivariate analysis using the @entity3 regression model were as follows: age below 40, the presence of @entity6 , @entity1 size< 5 cm, and gross total resection in10-year @entity5 (p=0.01, p=0.03, p=0.00, p=0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Gross-total resection, @entity1 size < 5 cm, age below 40, and the presence of @entity6 had better 10-year DFS and @entity5 rates. We recommend that all @entity0 with @entity1 be referred to neuro-oncology centers that have sufficient experience to achieve the best results of treatment.

title: Overall survival in adult @entity0 with low-grade, XXXX : Ten years' follow up at a single institution.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Low-grade @entity2 (LGGs) are the second most prevalent type of primary @entity4 in adults. The prognosis for LGGs can differ according to the clinical-pathological prognostic factors determined during diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify 10-year, disease-free survival (DFS), 10-year @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and related clinical-pathological prognostic factors of adult @entity0 with supratentorial, low-grade @entity2 who were treated with or without surgery and radiation therapy. METHODS: The study included 110 @entity0 who were confirmed to have low-grade, @entity2 and who had received surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy or salvage radiotherapy as part of their treatment. These @entity0 were followed by the radiation-oncology ward at Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2002 and 2012. The log-rank test (univariate) and the @entity3 proportional hazards model (multivariate) were used to examine the 10-year DFS and @entity5 and to assess the strengths of various histo-clinical factors relative to 10-year DFS and @entity5 . RESULTS: The study included 110 @entity0 for whom 10-year DFS and @entity5 were found to be 23 and 28%, respectively. Favorable prognostic factors in the univariate analysis using the Kaplan-Meier 10-year @entity5 analysis were the following: age below 40, karnofsky performance status (KPS) more than 70, the presence of @entity6 , @entity1 size of < 5 cm, and gross-total resection (p=0.02, p=0.01, p=0.03, p=0.01, p=0.02, respectively). Good prognostic factors in multivariate analysis using the @entity3 regression model were as follows: age below 40, the presence of @entity6 , @entity1 size< 5 cm, and gross total resection in10-year @entity5 (p=0.01, p=0.03, p=0.00, p=0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Gross-total resection, @entity1 size < 5 cm, age below 40, and the presence of @entity6 had better 10-year DFS and @entity5 rates. We recommend that all @entity0 with @entity1 be referred to neuro-oncology centers that have sufficient experience to achieve the best results of treatment.

title: Overall survival in adult XXXX with low-grade, @entity2 : Ten years' follow up at a single institution.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Temporo-parietal cortex thinning is associated with @entity0 ( @entity0 ) due to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The increase of the EEG upper/low alpha power ratio has been associated with @entity0 due to @entity2 subjects and to the @entity1 of temporo-parietal brain areas. Moreover, subjects with a higher alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio showed lower brain perfusion than in the low alpha3/alpha2 group. The two groups have significantly different hippocampal volumes and correlation with the theta frequency activity. METHODS: 74 adult subjects with @entity0 underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation, electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, and high resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 27 of them underwent EEG recording and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) evaluation. The alpha3/alpha2 power ratio as well as cortical thickness was computed for each subject. The difference in cortical thickness between the groups was estimated. Pearson's r was used to assess the correlation topography between cortical thinning as well as between brain perfusion and @entity3 . RESULTS: In the higher upper/low alpha group, @entity3 was more pronounced both in the MRI group and the SPECT @entity0 group. Moreover, it was correlated with greater cortical @entity1 and lower perfusional rate in temporo-parietal cortex. CONCLUSION: High EEG upper/low alpha power ratio was associated with cortical thinning lower perfusion in temporo-parietal. Moreover, @entity1 and lower perfusional rate were both significantly correlated with @entity3 in @entity0 subjects. The increase of EEG upper/low alpha frequency power ratio could be useful for identifying individuals at risk for progression to @entity2 and may be of value in the clinical context.

title: @entity1 and lower regional perfusion of temporo-parietal brain areas are correlated with XXXX and increase of EEG upper alpha power in prodromal @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Temporo-parietal cortex thinning is associated with @entity0 ( @entity0 ) due to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The increase of the EEG upper/low alpha power ratio has been associated with @entity0 due to @entity2 subjects and to the @entity1 of temporo-parietal brain areas. Moreover, subjects with a higher alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio showed lower brain perfusion than in the low alpha3/alpha2 group. The two groups have significantly different hippocampal volumes and correlation with the theta frequency activity. METHODS: 74 adult subjects with @entity0 underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation, electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, and high resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 27 of them underwent EEG recording and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) evaluation. The alpha3/alpha2 power ratio as well as cortical thickness was computed for each subject. The difference in cortical thickness between the groups was estimated. Pearson's r was used to assess the correlation topography between cortical thinning as well as between brain perfusion and @entity3 . RESULTS: In the higher upper/low alpha group, @entity3 was more pronounced both in the MRI group and the SPECT @entity0 group. Moreover, it was correlated with greater cortical @entity1 and lower perfusional rate in temporo-parietal cortex. CONCLUSION: High EEG upper/low alpha power ratio was associated with cortical thinning lower perfusion in temporo-parietal. Moreover, @entity1 and lower perfusional rate were both significantly correlated with @entity3 in @entity0 subjects. The increase of EEG upper/low alpha frequency power ratio could be useful for identifying individuals at risk for progression to @entity2 and may be of value in the clinical context.

title: XXXX and lower regional perfusion of temporo-parietal brain areas are correlated with @entity3 and increase of EEG upper alpha power in prodromal @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Temporo-parietal cortex thinning is associated with @entity0 ( @entity0 ) due to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The increase of the EEG upper/low alpha power ratio has been associated with @entity0 due to @entity2 subjects and to the @entity1 of temporo-parietal brain areas. Moreover, subjects with a higher alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio showed lower brain perfusion than in the low alpha3/alpha2 group. The two groups have significantly different hippocampal volumes and correlation with the theta frequency activity. METHODS: 74 adult subjects with @entity0 underwent clinical and neuropsychological evaluation, electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, and high resolution 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 27 of them underwent EEG recording and perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) evaluation. The alpha3/alpha2 power ratio as well as cortical thickness was computed for each subject. The difference in cortical thickness between the groups was estimated. Pearson's r was used to assess the correlation topography between cortical thinning as well as between brain perfusion and @entity3 . RESULTS: In the higher upper/low alpha group, @entity3 was more pronounced both in the MRI group and the SPECT @entity0 group. Moreover, it was correlated with greater cortical @entity1 and lower perfusional rate in temporo-parietal cortex. CONCLUSION: High EEG upper/low alpha power ratio was associated with cortical thinning lower perfusion in temporo-parietal. Moreover, @entity1 and lower perfusional rate were both significantly correlated with @entity3 in @entity0 subjects. The increase of EEG upper/low alpha frequency power ratio could be useful for identifying individuals at risk for progression to @entity2 and may be of value in the clinical context.

title: @entity1 and lower regional perfusion of temporo-parietal brain areas are correlated with @entity3 and increase of EEG upper alpha power in prodromal XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 and porcine @entity3 is caused by the larval stage of the flatworm @entity6 (Cestoda). Infestation of the @entity0 brain, also known as @entity5 , is the most common parasite disease of the central nervous system worldwide. Significant advances in the understanding of the disease have been achieved using the @entity7 @entity1 model. We describe here a successful transfection protocol of @entity7 cysticerci as the first step to approach a number of currently inaccessible biological questions on @entity3 . @entity7 cysticerci ( @entity4 ) were microinjected with the plasmid pcDNA3.1/NT-GFP-TOPO, encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by a cytomegalovirus promoter ( @entity2 ). Twelve hours after the microinjection, GFP fluorescence gradually developed in patches associated to bud structures in the bladder wall of cysts. Fluorescence reached a peak at 24-48  h and lasted up to 72  h after the microinjection. Immunohistochemical studies on tissue sections of transfected cysts using an anti-GFP antibody, demonstrated co-localization of the antibody and the GFP fluorescence in the tegumentary cytoplasm and subtegumentary cytons. To validate at the mRNA level the expression of GFP, we carried out RT-PCR using two pairs of nested primers. Results showed expression of GFP-mRNA at 24  h post-transfection. Moreover, western blot assays of crude extracts of transfected cysts, carried out using the anti-GFP specific antibody, showed the expected protein band of 27  kDa, demonstrating that the GFP expression started at 24 after plasmid microinjection and was maintained up to 72  h. These findings will facilitate the development of functional genomics approaches applied to this model of @entity3 .

title: Transient transgenesis of the tapeworm XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate outcomes autogenous bone block grafts obtained from mandible for different indications. The healing of the donor and recipient sites in the postoperative period, morbidity and the resorption of the graft were investigated. @entity0 AND METHODS: Twenty-nine @entity0 grafted with mandibular bone block graft were participated in the present study. Grafting was applied in these @entity0 for three indications; reconstruction of @entity4 , lateral @entity1 . All operations were performed under local anesthesia and in some cases sedation was used as well. RESULTS: Minimal exposure of the block graft occurred in three @entity4 @entity0 . Secondary epithelization was achieved in all cleft @entity0 with no symptoms of @entity3 . In one @entity0 @entity3 was seen in donor site 1-week after the operation. The region was curetted and antibiotics administrated again. Two @entity0 showed an @entity3 of recipient site, after 4 weeks the grafts were removed. In all the @entity0 , as the screw head became apparent until 1 thread, amount of the resorption were considered <1.5 mm. CONCLUSION: The usage of mandibular block grafts is a simple and effective treatment modality for reconstruction of different types of @entity2 and it also reduces cost of treatment.

title: The use of autogeneous mandibular bone block grafts for reconstruction of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the Framingham Study 2325 @entity0 and 2866 @entity0 30 to 62 years old at entry were followed biennially over 22 years for the development of @entity4 in relation to antecedent @entity2 and risk factors. During surveillance, @entity4 developed in 49 @entity0 and 49 @entity0 . The incidence rose sharply with age but did not differ significantly between the sexes. Overall, there was a 2.0 per cent chance that the disorder would develop in two decades. @entity4 usually followed the development of overt @entity2 . Only 18 @entity0 and 12 @entity0 (31 per cent) had @entity4 in the absence of @entity2 . @entity3 and @entity6 were the most powerful predictive precursors, with relative risks in excess of sixfold. @entity2 was the most common antecedent disease, largely because of its frequency in the general population. Among the risk factors for @entity2 , @entity1 and electrocardiographic evidence of @entity5 were related to the occurrence of @entity4 . The development of @entity4 was associated with a doubling of overall mortality and of mortality from @entity2 .

title: Epidemiologic features of XXXX : the Framingham study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The authors report a case of parasellar @entity9 having grown to the suprasellar region within 3 year's period and showing acute visual disturbance caused by @entity6 . A 44-year-old @entity0 , who had experienced spontaneous @entity8 in the left inferior frontal lobe 3 years ago and then obtained good recovery in the post-operative period had suddenly developed @entity5 without other @entity2 . CT scan revealed an irregular @entity3 in the chiasmal region, which had a crown-like high density area over the suprasellar low density. Carotid angiogram showed a suprasellar avascular mass and the left A1 segment showed marked narrowing. Neither @entity1 nor venous pooling was visible in the capillary and venous phase. Surgery disclosed a @entity1 with thin capsular wall, extending from the left cavernous sinus to the suprasellar region, and it was accompanied by @entity6 compressing the left optic nerve. The @entity1 was subtotally removed. High density area on the precontrast scan was confirmed to be @entity6 and the low density area was of organized tissue due to @entity7 . Histological finding was compatible to @entity9 . Postoperatively visual acuity of the @entity0 was well recovered, but left 3rd and 6th @entity4 followed. The authors discussed the mechanism of acute onset and CT findings of the @entity9 arising in the chiasmal region with a review of literature.

title: [A case of XXXX with acute visual disturbance (author's transl)].

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of an intensified preventive programme in kindergartens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two thousand two hundred twenty-eight 2- to 4-year-old @entity0 attending kindergartens in two counties in northern Hesse were randomly allocated to two groups. @entity0 in the test group participated in daily tooth brushing with 500  ppm @entity1 toothpaste, which was supervised by specially trained dental nurses. @entity0 in the control group received tooth brushing instructions three to four times a year. Caries experience was recorded using WHO criteria. The basic survey was performed from October 2006 to April 2007, with the final examinations between March and July 2009. The statistical evaluation was performed by means of the software package SPSS 17.0. To compare the mean   dmf values of the test and control groups, Mann-Whitney U tests were performed. RESULTS: Two thousand one hundred twelve @entity0 (test group, 1096; control group, 1048) participated in the final examinations. The caries increment of the test group (  dmf-s   =   1.55) was 24  % lower than the increment of the control group (  dmf-s   =   2.02, p   =   0.043). Based on   dmf-t values, the corresponding figures were 0.79 for the @entity2 for the control group (p   =   0.44). High increment values (  dmf-s >7) were observed in the control group twice as often as in the test group. CONCLUSION: The results show that an intensified preventive programme in kindergartens, based on supervised daily tooth brushing, has a positive effect on the dental health of preschool @entity0 . CLINICAL RELEVANCE: It is sufficient to offer such programmes in socially deprived areas.

title: Prevention in kindergartens with 500  ppm XXXX toothpaste-a randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Since its advent in 1991, endovascular @entity2 repair (EVAR) has become a mainstay of treatment for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Studies such as the @entity1 repair with open repair in @entity0 with @entity3 (EVAR 1) trial, have demonstrated the effectiveness of EVAR in reducing perioperative mortality. Technological improvements in graft design and delivery account for an increasing utilization of endovascular repair. Newer branch and fenestrated graft designs have allowed for treatment of @entity0 with complex aortic anatomy that previously could not be treated with EVAR. Endovascular repair, while dominant, is unlikely to eliminate the need for open repair or to relegate open surgery for @entity3 to historical interest only. The unprecedented adoption of EVAR has led to complications and modes of failure that were not seen with open repair. The rate of failure is markedly increased when endografts are used outside of the instructions for use (IFU). The long-term durability of fenestrated and investigational branch devices remains to be established. The demand for an endovascular approach by @entity0 and the willingness of physicians to place endografts outside the anatomic IFU criteria may have resulted in the pendulum swinging too far away from open surgical management. The consequence of reduced open aortic surgeries is a concern for both @entity0 care as well as training for vascular surgery fellows. Vascular surgery training programs will require innovative changes in training to assure that vascular surgery trainees will have the requisite skill and experience required to competently perform open surgical repair on what will undoubtedly be some of the most complex aortic pathology.

title: Management of XXXX : Is Surgery of Historic Interest Only?

answer: @entity2


abstract: A case of @entity10 in a 2(6)/12 years old @entity0 is described. The @entity9 usually is seen in preschool @entity0 . Clinical symptoms were characterised by @entity6 of more than 30%, @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity2 , and hypergammaglobulinaemia. There may be myocardial, ocular or central nervous system involvement, and a few affected @entity0 have died. The disease is caused by invasion of the body tissues by @entity7 or cati larvae, often ingested by contaminated dirt. The developmental cycle and the migration of the Toxocara larvae in the @entity0 host is discussed. Diagnosis can usually be made by clinical and serological investigations. The microprecipitation test on living larvae of @entity7 is highly specific for the diagnosis. There is no effective specific therapy for @entity10 , however, treatment with @entity11 and @entity8 may be helpful. Primary prevention of @entity9 can be achieved by reduction of the @entity0 exposure to infected animals and contaminated environments, or by elimination of infections in @entity1 , puppies, and @entity4 .

title: [Toxocariasis in childhood. XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: The UK prevalence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is estimated at 4.9% in over 65-year olds. Progressive and unpredictable enlargement can lead to @entity1 . Endovascular repair of AAAs involves a stent graft system being introduced via the femoral artery and manipulated within the aorta under radiological guidance. Following endograft deployment, a seal is formed at the proximal and distal landing zones to exclude the @entity2 sac from the circulation. With the increasing popularity of endovascular repair there has been an increase in the number of commercially available stent graft designs on the market. This is an update of the review first published in 2013. OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to assess the different stent graft types for endovascular repair of @entity3 . SEARCH METHODS: The Cochrane Vascular Group @entity0 ( @entity0 ) searched the Specialised Register (last searched February 2015) and the Cochrane Register of Studies (2015, Issue 1). Trial databases were searched by the @entity0 for details of ongoing and unpublished studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: All published and unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of stent graft types in the repair of AAAs were sought without language restriction and in consultation with the Cochrane Vascular Group @entity0 . DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We planned to conduct data collection and analysis in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. MAIN RESULTS: No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. It was not possible to review the quality of the evidence in the absence of studies eligible for inclusion in the review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Unfortunately, no data exist regarding direct comparisons of the performance of different stent graft types. High quality randomised controlled trials evaluating stent graft types in @entity2 repair are required.

title: Stent graft types for endovascular repair of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Importance: Different adjuvant chemotherapy regimens are available for @entity0 . Because conventional meta-analysis does not allow comparing all regimens, we performed a network meta-analysis to identify the most effective adjuvant chemotherapy regimen. Objective: To find the most effective adjuvant therapy regimen for @entity0 . Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for articles published before June 2015; the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting abstracts from January 1983 through December 2014; and the American Association for @entity2 Research annual meeting abstracts from January 1916 through December 2014. Additionally, we manually searched bibliographies for related references. Study Selection: We included randomized clinical trials of adjuvant treatments for @entity0 that compared 2 or more of the following: no adjuvant chemotherapy; sequential @entity11 - @entity4 and @entity10 (AC-T); concurrent @entity11 - @entity4 and @entity10 (ACT); @entity11 - @entity4 without @entity10 (AC); @entity6 and @entity4 (TC); @entity4 , @entity9 , and @entity8 (CMF); and @entity5 -containing regimens. Data Extraction and Synthesis: We followed the PRISMA guidelines. Two investigators independently selected the articles and extracted information. Disagreements were resolved by discussion with another author. Quality was assessed by Cochrane risk-of-bias method. Data were pooled using random-effects models. Main Outcomes and Measures: We used network meta-analysis to test the most effective adjuvant therapy regimen in terms of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) by comparing regimens listed in the National @entity2 Network guidelines and @entity5 -containing regimens. Results: We identified 24 trials. The TC and @entity5 -containing regimens had @entity7 benefit similar to that of sequential AC-T (TC hazard ratio [HR], 0.93; 95% CI, 0.62-1.40; and @entity5 HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.66-1.31). @entity1 treated with CMF or AC had significantly worse @entity7 than those treated with sequential AC-T (CMF HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.32-1.85; and AC HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.10-1.37). @entity5 -containing regimens tended to be more toxic than sequential AC-T. The @entity3 of TC was similar to or less than that of sequential AC-T. Meta-regression analysis showed that hormone receptor status did not impact the HRs for @entity7 for any regimen. Conclusions and Relevance: Sequential AC-T is likely to be the most effective adjuvant therapy regimen for @entity0 regardless of hormone receptor status.

title: Effectiveness of an Adjuvant Chemotherapy Regimen for Early-Stage Breast XXXX : A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Reamer-irrigator-aspirator (RIA) bone graft harvesting @entity0 femurs have resulted in @entity1 . Recommendations/studies on safe RIA diameter are noncomprehensive/inconclusive. Our purpose was to develop an analytical model to predict % reduction in torsional strength after intramedullary oversize reaming (concentric or eccentric) and to test cadaveric femurs with normal-to-osteoporotic bone mineral density to investigate its relationship to femur cross-sectional properties, bone material strength, and torsional strength reduction. METHODS: An eccentric circular cross-sectional model was developed. Twenty matched cadaveric femurs ( @entity4 ) were tested. Left femur was reamed 1.5 mm larger than isthmic endosteal diameter measured from radiographs. Right (control) and left (reamed) femurs were torsionally loaded to failure. @entity2 were fit tangent to the thinnest wall on computer tomography cross-sectional image at level of @entity1 to determine periosteal-endosteal circle diameters (dp, de) and their eccentricity (e), and to calculate cross section's size-eccentricity factor. These and torque failure were substituted into the model to calculate bone material's effective tensile strength. RESULTS: @entity3 compared with normal femurs had higher de/dp ratio (0.71 vs. 0.47), lower cross-sectional size-eccentricity factor (-41%), bone material strength (-57%), and torsional strength (-73%). Predicted % reduction in torsional strength by either concentric over reaming or canal eccentricity exponentially increases with increase in de/dp (notably beyond 0.47 of normal bone mineral density). CONCLUSIONS: Manufacturer's recommended 1.5 mm oversize RIA is conservative (<10% reduction) if concentric in femurs with isthmus de/dp < 0.60 mm and dp > 18.3 mm. An eccentric canal can significantly compromise a long bone's torsional strength, more than if reamed concentric to larger diameter having same minimum wall thickness. Other "safe/unsafe" oversize-eccentricity conditions are in quick clinical reference tables.

title: Predicting Reduction in Torsional Strength by Concentric/Eccentric RIA Reaming Normal and XXXX Long Bones (Femurs).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Suicide is a major clinical and public health issue, especially in @entity0 with disabilities. However, research on the acceptability of suicide in @entity0 with disabilities has not directly compared the relative acceptability of suicidality in @entity0 with and without disabilities. METHOD: An online sample of five hundred American adults read five pairs of vignettes about individuals who were experiencing suicidal ideation following a life stressor. Each pair contained a disability and no-disability condition; a sixth pair of vignettes discussed suicidal ideation in an elderly individual and contained physical and @entity1 conditions. @entity0 completed questions regarding the relative acceptability of suicidality for each vignette as well as demographic items and measures of suicidality, @entity2 , and attitude towards disability. RESULTS: In all vignette five pairs, suicidality was seen as significantly more acceptable in the disability condition; this was true even when the @entity0 themselves had disabilities or friends or family members with disabilities. Suicidality, depressive symptomology, and more negative attitudes towards disability predicted greater acceptability in both conditions; no factors predicted greater differences between the two conditions. LIMITATIONS: The vignettes in this study focused primarily on individuals in their 20s and most did not compare two disabling conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The greater social acceptability of suicidality in @entity0 with disabilities may be taken by individuals with disabilities who are suicidal as implicit permission to end their lives. The potential impact of such social influences should be assessed and addressed by clinicians and suicide prevention advocates.

title: Is suicide an option?: The impact of disability on suicide acceptability in the context of XXXX , suicidality, and demographic factors.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 remains the leading cause of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 . Proximal @entity4 , usually performed by direct aortic cross-clamping via thoracotomy, can provide temporary hemodynamic stability, permitting @entity1 repair. Resuscitative @entity4 of the aorta (REBOA) uses a minimally invasive, transfemoral balloon catheter, which is rapidly inserted retrograde and inflated for @entity4 , and may control inflow and allow time for hemostasis. We compared resuscitative thoracotomy with aortic cross-clamping ( @entity2 ) with REBOA in @entity1 @entity0 in profound @entity5 . METHODS: @entity1 registry data was used to compare all @entity0 undergoing @entity2 or REBOA during an 18-month period from two Level 1 @entity1 centers. RESULTS: There was no difference between @entity2 (n = 72) and REBOA groups (n = 24) in terms of demographics, mechanism of injury, or Injury Severity Scores (ISSs). There was no difference in chest and abdominal @entity1 ( @entity1 ) scores between the groups. However, the @entity2 @entity0 had lower extremity @entity1 score as compared with REBOA @entity0 (1.5 [0-3] vs. 4 [3-4], p < 0.001). Of the 72 @entity2 @entity0 , 45 (62.5%) died in the emergency department, 6 (8.3%) died in the operating room, and 14 (19.4%) died in the intensive care unit. Of the 24 REBOA @entity0 , 4 (16.6%) died in the emergency department, 3 (12.5%) died in the operating room, and 8 (33.3%) died in the intensive care unit. In comparing location of @entity3 between the @entity2 and REBOA groups, there were a significantly higher number of @entity3 in the emergency department among the @entity2 @entity0 as compared with the REBOA @entity0 (62.5% vs. 16.7%, p < 0.001). REBOA had fewer early @entity3 and improved overall survival as compared with @entity2 (37.5% vs. 9.7%, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: REBOA is feasible and controls noncompressible @entity5 in @entity1 @entity0 in profound shock. @entity0 undergoing REBOA have improved overall survival and fewer early @entity3 as compared with @entity0 undergoing @entity2 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, level IV.

title: Implementation of resuscitative @entity4 of the aorta as an alternative to resuscitative thoracotomy for noncompressible XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 remains the leading cause of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 . Proximal @entity4 , usually performed by direct aortic cross-clamping via thoracotomy, can provide temporary hemodynamic stability, permitting @entity1 repair. Resuscitative @entity4 of the aorta (REBOA) uses a minimally invasive, transfemoral balloon catheter, which is rapidly inserted retrograde and inflated for @entity4 , and may control inflow and allow time for hemostasis. We compared resuscitative thoracotomy with aortic cross-clamping ( @entity2 ) with REBOA in @entity1 @entity0 in profound @entity5 . METHODS: @entity1 registry data was used to compare all @entity0 undergoing @entity2 or REBOA during an 18-month period from two Level 1 @entity1 centers. RESULTS: There was no difference between @entity2 (n = 72) and REBOA groups (n = 24) in terms of demographics, mechanism of injury, or Injury Severity Scores (ISSs). There was no difference in chest and abdominal @entity1 ( @entity1 ) scores between the groups. However, the @entity2 @entity0 had lower extremity @entity1 score as compared with REBOA @entity0 (1.5 [0-3] vs. 4 [3-4], p < 0.001). Of the 72 @entity2 @entity0 , 45 (62.5%) died in the emergency department, 6 (8.3%) died in the operating room, and 14 (19.4%) died in the intensive care unit. Of the 24 REBOA @entity0 , 4 (16.6%) died in the emergency department, 3 (12.5%) died in the operating room, and 8 (33.3%) died in the intensive care unit. In comparing location of @entity3 between the @entity2 and REBOA groups, there were a significantly higher number of @entity3 in the emergency department among the @entity2 @entity0 as compared with the REBOA @entity0 (62.5% vs. 16.7%, p < 0.001). REBOA had fewer early @entity3 and improved overall survival as compared with @entity2 (37.5% vs. 9.7%, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: REBOA is feasible and controls noncompressible @entity5 in @entity1 @entity0 in profound shock. @entity0 undergoing REBOA have improved overall survival and fewer early @entity3 as compared with @entity0 undergoing @entity2 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, level IV.

title: Implementation of resuscitative XXXX of the aorta as an alternative to resuscitative thoracotomy for noncompressible @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 -reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious pathophysiologic process that can trigger the development of @entity3 . @entity4 is a major cause of @entity2 among mesenteric I/R @entity0 , as current treatments remain inadequate. Stem cell-based therapies are considered novel strategies for treating several devastating and incurable diseases. This study examined whether induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) lacking c-myc (i.e., induced using only the three genes @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity6 ) can protect against @entity4 in a mesenteric I/R @entity1 model. METHODS: C57BL/6 @entity1 were randomly divided into the following groups: sham/no treatment, vehicle treatment with @entity7 -buffered saline, treatment with iPSCs, and treatment with iPSC-conditioned medium. The @entity1 were subjected to @entity8 for 45 minutes followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. After I/R, the lungs and the ileum of the @entity1 were harvested. @entity5 was evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry, and analyses of the levels of inflammatory cytokines, cleaved caspase 3, and @entity10 . RESULTS: The intravenously delivered iPSCs engrafted to the lungs and the ileum in response to mesenteric I/R injury. Compared with the @entity7 -buffered saline-treated group, the iPSC-treated group displayed a decreased intensity of @entity4 24 hours after mesenteric I/R. iPSC transplantation significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and apoptotic factors in injured lung tissue and remarkably enhanced endogenous alveolar cell proliferation. iPSC-conditioned medium treatment exerted a partial effect compared with iPSC treatment. CONCLUSION: When considering the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties of iPSCs, the transplantation of iPSCs may represent an effective treatment option for mesenteric I/R-induced @entity4 .

title: Induced pluripotent stem cells alleviate @entity5 from XXXX -reperfusion.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 -reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious pathophysiologic process that can trigger the development of @entity3 . @entity4 is a major cause of @entity2 among mesenteric I/R @entity0 , as current treatments remain inadequate. Stem cell-based therapies are considered novel strategies for treating several devastating and incurable diseases. This study examined whether induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) lacking c-myc (i.e., induced using only the three genes @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity6 ) can protect against @entity4 in a mesenteric I/R @entity1 model. METHODS: C57BL/6 @entity1 were randomly divided into the following groups: sham/no treatment, vehicle treatment with @entity7 -buffered saline, treatment with iPSCs, and treatment with iPSC-conditioned medium. The @entity1 were subjected to @entity8 for 45 minutes followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. After I/R, the lungs and the ileum of the @entity1 were harvested. @entity5 was evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry, and analyses of the levels of inflammatory cytokines, cleaved caspase 3, and @entity10 . RESULTS: The intravenously delivered iPSCs engrafted to the lungs and the ileum in response to mesenteric I/R injury. Compared with the @entity7 -buffered saline-treated group, the iPSC-treated group displayed a decreased intensity of @entity4 24 hours after mesenteric I/R. iPSC transplantation significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and apoptotic factors in injured lung tissue and remarkably enhanced endogenous alveolar cell proliferation. iPSC-conditioned medium treatment exerted a partial effect compared with iPSC treatment. CONCLUSION: When considering the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties of iPSCs, the transplantation of iPSCs may represent an effective treatment option for mesenteric I/R-induced @entity4 .

title: Induced pluripotent stem cells alleviate XXXX from @entity8 -reperfusion.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone marrow (BM) dysfunction following experimental @entity3 ( @entity3 ) resolves in 7 days; however, if followed by chronic stress (CS) following, @entity2 is persistent. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have protective immunomodulatory effects. We hypothesize that MSC can protect the BM against the deleterious effect of CS following @entity3 . METHODS: Male @entity0 (n = 6-7 per group) underwent @entity3 or @entity3 /CS    MSC injection. CS consisted of a daily 2-hour period of restraint with repositioning and alarming every 30 minutes to prevent @entity4 . A single intravenous dose of 5 * 10 MSCs was given within 10 minutes following @entity3 . Animals were sacrificed at Day 7, and peripheral blood (PB) and BM were collected. Flow cytometry was used to assess hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) mobilized to PB. Plasma @entity6 ( @entity6 ) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BM cellularity and growth of BM @entity5 colonies (colony-forming unit-erythroid [CFU-E], burst-forming unit-erythroid [BFU-E], colony-forming unit-granulocyte, erythrocyte, monocyte, megakaryocyte [CFU-GEMM]) were also evaluated. RESULTS: As previously reported, the addition of CS to @entity3 resulted in a 32% decrease in BM cellularity; significant decreases in CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, and CFU-E; and marked increase in @entity5 in the PB as compared with the naive animals. The addition of MSC to @entity3 /CS resulted in a 22% increase in BM cellularity and significant increases in CFU-GEMM, BFU-E, and CFU-E cultured from the BM. MSCs additionally reduced plasma @entity6 , prevented prolonged mobilization of @entity5 to PB, and restored colony growth to naive levels. CONCLUSION: CS following @entity3 results in persistent @entity2 manifested by a significant decrease in cellularity, @entity5 colony growth, and increased @entity6 levels and @entity5 mobilization to the PB at 7 days following injury. The addition of a single dose of MSCs following acute @entity1 reverses the deleterious effects of CS on BM function. Further study is warranted to better understand the mechanisms behind MSC-mediated protection of BM function in the setting of CS.

title: Mesenchymal stem cells reverse bone XXXX following injury and stress.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fourteen @entity0 with severe @entity1 resistant to previous dietetic measures underwent intestinal bypass using Scott's method. Weight loss ranged from 1-2 kg to 50 kg (mean = 25 kg) but weas unpredictable and varied from @entity0 to @entity0 ; most remained @entity1 . The other results of the operation were similar to those already reported. There was a decrease in total plasma @entity2 , while HDL @entity2 remained normal. Calcaemia was in the lower range of normal values; one @entity0 developed severe hypokaliaemia (1.8 mEq); low blood @entity8 levels and steatorrhoea were common. @entity7 was observed in one @entity0 and probably in another. Five @entity0 were re-operated upon for incisional @entity4 or @entity3 . Other complications reported in the literature ( @entity5 , @entity9 , @entity6 and @entity10 ) did not occur in this series. Because of these complications we decided to stop using intestinal bypass for the treatment of severe @entity1 . However, in view of the potential dangers of severe @entity1 we feel that other surgical techniques, such as Mason's gastric bypass, should be considered in some @entity0 .

title: [Intestinal bypass in the treatment of XXXX . Results of 14 cases (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Metal phosphides such as @entity7 are potent insecticides. This highly toxic substance is used for @entity2 and other grains protection in Iran. Due to its high @entity0 potential and easy availability, it is widely used as a suicide poison. This substance has no effective antidote and the incidence of @entity1 due to its @entity6 is increasing day by day in Iran.The present study was conducted to show the increasing incidence of fatal @entity7 @entity6 and its toxicological and forensic aspects in an 8-year study, 2006 to 2013. Autopsy sheets were reviewed and cases with the history of @entity7 @entity6 were selected. Toxicological analysis results, demographic and necroscopic examination findings were studied. A total of 51.8% of studied cases were female. Most of the cases were between 10 and 40 years old. The manner of @entity1 was self- @entity6 in 85% of cases. @entity4 , @entity3 , and @entity5 were the most common additional drugs detected in toxicological analysis. The incidence of fatal @entity7 @entity6 cases referred for @entity8 analysis was 5.22 and 37.02 per million of population of Tehran in 2006 and 2013, respectively. The results of this study showed that in spite of ban and restrictions, there was a dramatic increase in the incidence of fatal @entity7 @entity6 in Tehran from 2006 to 2013. Safety alert should be highlighted in training program for all population groups about the toxic effects of @entity7 tablets.

title: XXXX Poisoning-Related Deaths in Tehran, Iran, 2006 to 2013.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Studies comparing @entity1 ( @entity1 ) volume of @entity2 @entity0 with or without auditory verbal @entity3 (AVHs) to that of normal controls remain controversial. This project aims to investigate changes of @entity1 volumes of drug-na  ve @entity2 @entity0 with and without AVHs. Eighteen first episode @entity2 (FES) @entity0 with AVHs, 18 FES @entity0 without AVHs, and 18 healthy controls were scanned using structural MRI. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was conducted to investigate changes of @entity1 volume among the three groups. @entity0 with and without AVHs exhibited reduced @entity1 volumes relative to normal controls in the left superior temporal gyrus, frontal regions, cerebellum and caudate. Further analysis of the @entity1 of subcortical structures found that @entity0 with AVHs had reduced thalamic volume than healthy controls. No significant difference was found between @entity0 with and without AVHs. Significant correlation was found between the total scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and bilateral thalamic volume. ROC analysis of thalamic volumes of the @entity0 with AVHs and normal controls showed that the area under the curve was 0.698 (P   =   0.043). The decreased thalamic volumes might serve as a biomarker for discriminating FES AVHs @entity0 from normals.

title: Decreased bilateral thalamic XXXX volume in first-episode @entity2 with prominent hallucinatory symptoms: A volumetric MRI study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Studies comparing @entity1 ( @entity1 ) volume of @entity2 @entity0 with or without auditory verbal @entity3 (AVHs) to that of normal controls remain controversial. This project aims to investigate changes of @entity1 volumes of drug-na  ve @entity2 @entity0 with and without AVHs. Eighteen first episode @entity2 (FES) @entity0 with AVHs, 18 FES @entity0 without AVHs, and 18 healthy controls were scanned using structural MRI. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was conducted to investigate changes of @entity1 volume among the three groups. @entity0 with and without AVHs exhibited reduced @entity1 volumes relative to normal controls in the left superior temporal gyrus, frontal regions, cerebellum and caudate. Further analysis of the @entity1 of subcortical structures found that @entity0 with AVHs had reduced thalamic volume than healthy controls. No significant difference was found between @entity0 with and without AVHs. Significant correlation was found between the total scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and bilateral thalamic volume. ROC analysis of thalamic volumes of the @entity0 with AVHs and normal controls showed that the area under the curve was 0.698 (P   =   0.043). The decreased thalamic volumes might serve as a biomarker for discriminating FES AVHs @entity0 from normals.

title: Decreased bilateral thalamic @entity1 volume in first-episode XXXX with prominent hallucinatory symptoms: A volumetric MRI study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the microbiological profile of @entity2 in a referral center in Tunisia and to assess the antibiotic sensitivity of the organisms. @entity0 AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study over a period of eleven years, conducted on @entity0 hospitalized with acute @entity1 . Cultures were performed on aqueous (93%) and vitreous specimens (68%) obtained at presentation. Each sample underwent direct examination, culture and antibiotic susceptibilities. RESULTS: The number of @entity2 cases identified during the study period was 308. Organisms were found in 43% of samples ( @entity8 was bacterial in 39.5%, fungal in 0.9% and polymicrobial in 2.6%). Cultures grew primarily @entity9 in 31.4% of cases, @entity3 in 22.7% of cases and @entity4 in 12.7% of cases. Gram-positive cocci are more sensitive to @entity6 and Gram-negative bacilli are more susceptible to @entity5 and @entity7 . CONCLUSION: In our study, microbiological samples were positive in 43% and coagulase-negative Gram-positive cocci are the most common organisms. However, antibiotic resistance has been increasing over the years.

title: [Microbiological profile of XXXX in a referral centre in Tunisia].

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To measure the long-term impact of surgical treatment for @entity1 upon health-related quality of life and pelvic floor outcomes during the first year of therapy. METHODS: Prospective, longitudinal, mixed-methods study. Twenty-three @entity0 aged >18  years with a new diagnosis of @entity1 were recruited. The EORTC QLQ C30, SF-36 and an electronic pelvic floor assessment questionnaire (ePAQ-PF) were administered at baseline (pre-treatment) and 3, 6, 9 and 12  months post-treatment. Mixed effects repeated measures models (all adjusted for age and BMI) were used to investigate changes over time and differences between @entity1 stage. Qualitative interviews were carried out with 11 of the @entity0 and analysed using a thematic approach. RESULTS: Mean age was 59.9  years (SD   =   15.3; range   =   23.8-86.6  yrs). Mean BMI was 30.0 (SD   =   4.5; range   =   24.4-38.2). Sixteen @entity0 had early (Stage 1 to 2B), and seven @entity0 had advanced stage disease (Stage 3 to 4B). Questionnaire scores revealed that physical and social functioning, fatigue, @entity2 and general sex life were significantly worse at 12  months than pre-treatment (p   =   < 0.05). Qualitative analysis revealed multiple treatment side effects which were perceived as severe and enduring. @entity0 with advanced @entity1 had significantly worse SF-36 mental health scores at 12  months compared to @entity0 with early stage disease (p   =   0.037). CONCLUSIONS: Surgery for @entity1 has long-term implications which can be persistent 12  months post-treatment. High rates of morbidity relating to lymphoedema and sexual function re-enforce the need for specialist clinics to support @entity0 who suffer these complications.    2015 The Authors. Psycho-Oncology published by John Wiley _ Sons Ltd.

title: The impact of surgery for XXXX upon health-related quality of life and pelvic floor outcomes during the first year of treatment: a longitudinal, mixed methods study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: During the past seven years, a total of 1,713 @entity0 underwent strumectomy for a variety of causes at the University of D  sseldorf. Unilateral palsies of the recurrent nerve developed in 147 @entity0 . Both vocal cords were paralyzed in 22 @entity0 . Of the 147 @entity0 with unilateral palsies, 53 @entity0 were available for follow-up examination after one year. In 28 of these @entity0 , complete paresis of the vocal cord remained. Twenty-three @entity0 showed complete recovery and normal function of the affected cord. In two @entity0 , reduced but marked mobility of the previously completely paralyzed vocal cord was present. Of the 22 @entity0 with bilateral recurrent @entity1 , 10 were available for follow-up examination one year later. In three of these @entity0 vocal @entity2 was still absent, in three others one vocal cord showed normal function, and in only one @entity0 did both vocal cords reveal normal physiologic mobility. Three other @entity0 demonstrated a reduced but marked mobility of one vocal cord. The results are discussed in relation to the clinical and histologic data.

title: Postoperative recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity1