abstract: Twenty-six @entity0 , most of them with advanced @entity1 (Stage III according to Acosta), were treated for six months with the @entity8 agonist @entity9 . After initially increased liberation both of the gonadotropins as well as of the sexual @entity4 there was consecutive inhibition of gonadal function, especially after inhibition of FSH secretion. Within two to four weeks @entity2 production was completely and lastingly suppressed in 21 of the 26 @entity0 . In three @entity0 it lasted for three months and in two @entity0 @entity2 again rose up to three times during the period of observation. Correspondingly, 22 of the @entity0 suffered from hot flushes as early as within the first two months. Twenty of the 26 @entity0 became completely free of symptoms within four to six weeks, and a clear regression of the @entity3 was recorded in another four. In two @entity0 the complaints persisted without change. @entity5 of short duration occurred simultaneously with the intermittent increases in @entity2 levels; however, this bleeding usually caused little or no @entity3 . Eleven of the 19 endometrium biopsies performed during therapy revealed a dormant endometrium, and only in one case was proliferated endomedium found, in the third month of treatment, in a stage of transition to @entity6 . The remaining seven biopsies were insufficient for assessment. In seven @entity0 with advanced @entity1 , laparotomies were performed after drug treatment. Histologic study of the @entity1 tissue thus obtained revealed, except in the two nonresponders, cicatrized tissue with @entity7 and severely reduced stroma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Initial results in the treatment of XXXX with the @entity8 analog buserelin].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Twenty-six @entity0 , most of them with advanced @entity1 (Stage III according to Acosta), were treated for six months with the @entity8 agonist @entity9 . After initially increased liberation both of the gonadotropins as well as of the sexual @entity4 there was consecutive inhibition of gonadal function, especially after inhibition of FSH secretion. Within two to four weeks @entity2 production was completely and lastingly suppressed in 21 of the 26 @entity0 . In three @entity0 it lasted for three months and in two @entity0 @entity2 again rose up to three times during the period of observation. Correspondingly, 22 of the @entity0 suffered from hot flushes as early as within the first two months. Twenty of the 26 @entity0 became completely free of symptoms within four to six weeks, and a clear regression of the @entity3 was recorded in another four. In two @entity0 the complaints persisted without change. @entity5 of short duration occurred simultaneously with the intermittent increases in @entity2 levels; however, this bleeding usually caused little or no @entity3 . Eleven of the 19 endometrium biopsies performed during therapy revealed a dormant endometrium, and only in one case was proliferated endomedium found, in the third month of treatment, in a stage of transition to @entity6 . The remaining seven biopsies were insufficient for assessment. In seven @entity0 with advanced @entity1 , laparotomies were performed after drug treatment. Histologic study of the @entity1 tissue thus obtained revealed, except in the two nonresponders, cicatrized tissue with @entity7 and severely reduced stroma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Initial results in the treatment of @entity1 with the XXXX analog buserelin].

answer: @entity8


abstract: Fifty-seven hips (55 @entity0 ) had revision for failed cemented femoral component loosening using @entity4 ingrowth femoral components and cancellous bone grafting. The @entity0 ' average age was 59 years (range, 25-86 years), and the average follow-up period was 2.8 years (range, two to six years). The preoperative hip score averaged 45.5 (range, 10.0-80.7) and the postoperative hip score averaged 82.5 (range, 43.0-100.0). Complications included dislocation (4.0%), @entity2 (4.0%, one recurrence from a previously infected hip and one acute @entity2 ), and a 4.0% revision rate for loose femoral component. Another @entity0 had a revision for a loose acetabular component. All parameters of hip function (i.e., @entity1 , limp, activities of daily living, use of support, and distance walked) improved with time. Femoral component loosening is classified into four types based on the severity of loosening and instability. In Type I there is minimal endosteal or inner cortical @entity3 , i.e., loosening from the cement-metal-bone interface or a broken stem (seven hips). In Type II there is proximal canal enlargement with cortical thinning of 50% or more and sometimes a lateral wall defect with an intact circumferential wall (23 hips). In Type III there is a posteromedial wall defect involving the lesser trochanter (23 hips). In Type IV there is total proximal circumferential @entity3 in varying distances below the lesser trochanter (three hips). The Harris hip scores for the four groups were 93.0, 83.0, 80.0, and 78.0, respectively.

title: Revision total hip arthroplasty with XXXX ingrowth prosthesis and bone grafting for failed cemented femoral component loosening.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Plant produced insect molting hormones, termed phytoecdysteroids (PEs), are thought to function as plant defenses against insects by acting as either feeding deterrents or through developmental disruption. In @entity0 ( @entity0 ), @entity1 (20E) concentrations in the roots rapidly increase following root damage, root herbivory, or @entity2 (MJ) applications. In this inducible system, we investigated the plant defense hypothesis by examining interactions of roots, 20E concentrations, and larvae of the dark-winged fungus gnat (Bradysia impatiens). Root herbivory by @entity3 larvae resulted in a 4.0- to 6.6-fold increase in root 20E concentrations. In paired-choice tests, increases in dietary 20E stimulated @entity3 feeding deterrency. @entity3 larvae preferred control diets, low in 20E, to those constructed from induced roots and those amended with 20E (25 to 50 micro g/g wet mass). When confined to 20E-treated diets, concentrations as low as 5 micro g/g (wet mass) resulted in significantly reduced @entity3 survivorship compared to controls. The induction of root 20E levels with MJ resulted in a 2.1-fold increase in 20E levels and a 50% reduction in @entity3 larval establishment. In a paired-choice arena, untreated control roots were damaged significantly more by @entity3 larvae than MJ-induced roots that contained 3-fold greater 20E levels. Based on dietary preference tests, the 20E concentrations present in the MJ-induced roots (28 micro g/g wet mass) were sufficient to explain this reduction in herbivory. Interactions between @entity0 roots and @entity3 larvae demonstrate that PEs can act as inducible defenses and provide protection against insect herbivory.

title: Interactions between XXXX and Bradysia impatiens: a role for phytoecdysteroids.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The effects of dissolved @entity0 (DO) concentration on virally infected insect cells were investigated in 3-L bioreactor culture. Specifically, cultures of Spodoptera frugiperda Sf-9 (Sf-9) and Trichoplusia ni BTI-Tn-5B1-4 (Tn-5B1-4) were infected with Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus expressing secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP). Following infection at a DO concentration of 50% air saturation, the DO concentration was adjusted to a final value of either 190%, 50%, or 10% air saturation. Recombinant SEAP production, cell viability, protein @entity3 content, and @entity2 reactive substances (TBARS) content were monitored. The increases in protein @entity3 and TBARS contents are taken to be indicators of protein oxidation and lipid oxidation, respectively. DO concentration was found to have no noticeable effect on SEAP production or cell viability decline in the Sf-9 cell line. In the @entity4 cell line, cells displayed an increased peak SEAP production rate for 190% air saturation and displayed an increased rate of viability decline at increased DO concentration. Protein @entity3 content showed no significant increase in the Sf-9 cell line by 72 h postinfection (pi) at any DO concentration but showed a twofold increase at 10% and 50% DO concentration and a threefold increase at 190% DO concentration by 72 h pi in @entity4 cells. TBARS content was found to increase by approximately 50% in Sf-9 cells and by approximately twofold in @entity4 cells by 72 h pi with no clear relationship to DO concentration. It is hypothesized that @entity0 uptake changes due to the @entity1 process may bear a relation to the observed increases in protein and lipid oxidation and that lipid oxidation may play an important role in the death of virally infected insect cells.

title: The response of virally infected insect cells to dissolved XXXX concentration: recombinant protein production and oxidative damage.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Heparins substantially reduce the risk of @entity4 after total hip or knee replacement. However, they can be given only by injection and have several other drawbacks. We did a multicentre, randomised, double-blind study to examine the dose-response relation of subcutaneous @entity9 , a direct @entity2 inhibitor, followed by oral @entity10 as thromboprophylaxis after total hip or knee replacement. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety with that of @entity8 . METHODS: Of 1900 @entity0 , 1495 were assigned to four dose categories of subcutaneous @entity9 from just before surgery (1.00 mg, 1.50 mg, 2.25 mg, or 3.00 mg twice daily) followed from the day after surgery by oral @entity10 (8 mg, 12 mg, 18 mg, or 24 mg twice daily). 381 @entity0 were assigned subcutaneous @entity8 5000 IU once daily, from the evening before surgery. Bilateral venography was done at 7-10 days, and clinically suspected @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was confirmed radiologically. The primary endpoint was the rate of @entity5 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Analyses were by intention to treat. FINDINGS: 1876 @entity0 underwent total replacement of hip (n=1270) or knee (n=606); evaluable venograms were obtained in 1473 (79%). Four @entity0 without evaluable venograms had @entity6 . Overall, a significant dose-dependent decrease in @entity7 was seen with @entity9 / @entity10 (lowest to highest group: 111 [37.8%], 70 [24.1%], 71 [23.7%], and 43 [15.1%]; p=0.0001); there were also significant relations for both total hip and total knee replacement individually. The frequency of @entity7 was significantly lower with the highest dose of @entity9 / @entity10 than with @entity8 (15.1% vs 28.2%, p<0.0001). There were no reoperations due to @entity1 and no critical @entity1 . @entity3 was uncommon but more frequent in the highest dose group. INTERPRETATION: This sequential therapy was effective and safe in @entity0 undergoing major joint replacement surgery. The findings should be confirmed in a large phase III trial.

title: @entity10 and @entity9 compared with @entity8 for prevention of XXXX after total hip or knee replacement: the METHRO II randomised trial.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Heparins substantially reduce the risk of @entity4 after total hip or knee replacement. However, they can be given only by injection and have several other drawbacks. We did a multicentre, randomised, double-blind study to examine the dose-response relation of subcutaneous @entity9 , a direct @entity2 inhibitor, followed by oral @entity10 as thromboprophylaxis after total hip or knee replacement. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety with that of @entity8 . METHODS: Of 1900 @entity0 , 1495 were assigned to four dose categories of subcutaneous @entity9 from just before surgery (1.00 mg, 1.50 mg, 2.25 mg, or 3.00 mg twice daily) followed from the day after surgery by oral @entity10 (8 mg, 12 mg, 18 mg, or 24 mg twice daily). 381 @entity0 were assigned subcutaneous @entity8 5000 IU once daily, from the evening before surgery. Bilateral venography was done at 7-10 days, and clinically suspected @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was confirmed radiologically. The primary endpoint was the rate of @entity5 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Analyses were by intention to treat. FINDINGS: 1876 @entity0 underwent total replacement of hip (n=1270) or knee (n=606); evaluable venograms were obtained in 1473 (79%). Four @entity0 without evaluable venograms had @entity6 . Overall, a significant dose-dependent decrease in @entity7 was seen with @entity9 / @entity10 (lowest to highest group: 111 [37.8%], 70 [24.1%], 71 [23.7%], and 43 [15.1%]; p=0.0001); there were also significant relations for both total hip and total knee replacement individually. The frequency of @entity7 was significantly lower with the highest dose of @entity9 / @entity10 than with @entity8 (15.1% vs 28.2%, p<0.0001). There were no reoperations due to @entity1 and no critical @entity1 . @entity3 was uncommon but more frequent in the highest dose group. INTERPRETATION: This sequential therapy was effective and safe in @entity0 undergoing major joint replacement surgery. The findings should be confirmed in a large phase III trial.

title: @entity10 and XXXX compared with @entity8 for prevention of @entity7 after total hip or knee replacement: the METHRO II randomised trial.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Heparins substantially reduce the risk of @entity4 after total hip or knee replacement. However, they can be given only by injection and have several other drawbacks. We did a multicentre, randomised, double-blind study to examine the dose-response relation of subcutaneous @entity9 , a direct @entity2 inhibitor, followed by oral @entity10 as thromboprophylaxis after total hip or knee replacement. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety with that of @entity8 . METHODS: Of 1900 @entity0 , 1495 were assigned to four dose categories of subcutaneous @entity9 from just before surgery (1.00 mg, 1.50 mg, 2.25 mg, or 3.00 mg twice daily) followed from the day after surgery by oral @entity10 (8 mg, 12 mg, 18 mg, or 24 mg twice daily). 381 @entity0 were assigned subcutaneous @entity8 5000 IU once daily, from the evening before surgery. Bilateral venography was done at 7-10 days, and clinically suspected @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was confirmed radiologically. The primary endpoint was the rate of @entity5 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Analyses were by intention to treat. FINDINGS: 1876 @entity0 underwent total replacement of hip (n=1270) or knee (n=606); evaluable venograms were obtained in 1473 (79%). Four @entity0 without evaluable venograms had @entity6 . Overall, a significant dose-dependent decrease in @entity7 was seen with @entity9 / @entity10 (lowest to highest group: 111 [37.8%], 70 [24.1%], 71 [23.7%], and 43 [15.1%]; p=0.0001); there were also significant relations for both total hip and total knee replacement individually. The frequency of @entity7 was significantly lower with the highest dose of @entity9 / @entity10 than with @entity8 (15.1% vs 28.2%, p<0.0001). There were no reoperations due to @entity1 and no critical @entity1 . @entity3 was uncommon but more frequent in the highest dose group. INTERPRETATION: This sequential therapy was effective and safe in @entity0 undergoing major joint replacement surgery. The findings should be confirmed in a large phase III trial.

title: XXXX and @entity9 compared with @entity8 for prevention of @entity7 after total hip or knee replacement: the METHRO II randomised trial.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Heparins substantially reduce the risk of @entity4 after total hip or knee replacement. However, they can be given only by injection and have several other drawbacks. We did a multicentre, randomised, double-blind study to examine the dose-response relation of subcutaneous @entity9 , a direct @entity2 inhibitor, followed by oral @entity10 as thromboprophylaxis after total hip or knee replacement. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety with that of @entity8 . METHODS: Of 1900 @entity0 , 1495 were assigned to four dose categories of subcutaneous @entity9 from just before surgery (1.00 mg, 1.50 mg, 2.25 mg, or 3.00 mg twice daily) followed from the day after surgery by oral @entity10 (8 mg, 12 mg, 18 mg, or 24 mg twice daily). 381 @entity0 were assigned subcutaneous @entity8 5000 IU once daily, from the evening before surgery. Bilateral venography was done at 7-10 days, and clinically suspected @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was confirmed radiologically. The primary endpoint was the rate of @entity5 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Analyses were by intention to treat. FINDINGS: 1876 @entity0 underwent total replacement of hip (n=1270) or knee (n=606); evaluable venograms were obtained in 1473 (79%). Four @entity0 without evaluable venograms had @entity6 . Overall, a significant dose-dependent decrease in @entity7 was seen with @entity9 / @entity10 (lowest to highest group: 111 [37.8%], 70 [24.1%], 71 [23.7%], and 43 [15.1%]; p=0.0001); there were also significant relations for both total hip and total knee replacement individually. The frequency of @entity7 was significantly lower with the highest dose of @entity9 / @entity10 than with @entity8 (15.1% vs 28.2%, p<0.0001). There were no reoperations due to @entity1 and no critical @entity1 . @entity3 was uncommon but more frequent in the highest dose group. INTERPRETATION: This sequential therapy was effective and safe in @entity0 undergoing major joint replacement surgery. The findings should be confirmed in a large phase III trial.

title: @entity10 and @entity9 compared with XXXX for prevention of @entity7 after total hip or knee replacement: the METHRO II randomised trial.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Moderate @entity3 consumption is associated with reduced @entity1 , but binge drinking is thought to be detrimental. We examined effects of heavy and binge drinking in a population with high rates of binge drinking. METHODS: We did a prospective cohort study in Novosibirsk, Russia, in 6502 @entity0 aged 25-64 years at baseline who were examined in WHO MONICA (monitoring trends and determinants in @entity1 surveys) in 1985/86, 1988/89, and 1994/95, and in a pilot study in 1984. We assessed @entity3 intake and drinking pattern by questionnaire; binge drinking was defined as consumption of 160 g or greater of pure @entity3 on a typical occasion. @entity0 were followed-up for a median of 9.5 years (range 3.1-15.2). FINDINGS: There were 836 @entity2 in the cohort, 395 of which resulted from @entity1 . Prevalence of binge drinking at baseline was 16% (n=1005). Adjusted relative risks for binge drinking at least once a month (compared with consumption of <80 g pure @entity3 ) were 1.05 (95% CI 0.80-1.36) for @entity2 from all causes, 0.99 (0.66-1.50) for @entity2 from @entity1 , 1.27 (0.81-1.99) for @entity2 from @entity4 , and 2.08 (1.08-3.99) for @entity2 from external causes. Risk of total and @entity1 was raised in a small group of frequent heavy drinkers (5% [264] of all drinkers); for this group, adjusted relative risks were 1.61 (1.04-2.50) for total mortality and 2.05 (1.09-3.86) for @entity2 from @entity1 . INTERPRETATION: The risk of @entity2 from @entity1 seems to be increased in frequent heavy drinkers, but is not necessarily associated with episodic binge drinking.

title: Relation between heavy and binge drinking and all-cause and XXXX in Novosibirsk, Russia: a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The metabolic response to eccentric exercise in healthy older adults is unknown. Therefore, substrate metabolism was examined in the basal state and after sustained @entity6 (180 min, 10 mM) in eight healthy, sedentary older [66 +/- 2 yr; body mass index (BMI) of 25.5 +/- 1.2 kg/m] and nine younger (23 +/- 1 yr; BMI of 23.6 +/- 1.7 kg/m) @entity0 , under control conditions and 48 h after eccentric exercise. Indirect calorimetry was performed to evaluate @entity5 and lipid oxidation (C(ox) and L(ox), respectively). Eccentric exercise caused muscle soreness and increased plasma @entity3 kinase in both groups of @entity0 (P < 0.02). Although a similar level of @entity6 was maintained in the two groups, @entity2 infusion rates were lower (P < 0.001) in the older @entity0 . Compared with basal levels, @entity6 stimulated an increase in C(ox) and a decrease in L(ox) during the control and exercise trials in the younger group (P < 0.03), but only during the control trial in the older subjects (P < 0.007). C(ox) was unchanged after eccentric exercise in the younger @entity0 [4.00 +/- 0.30 vs. 3.54 +/- 0.44 mg x kg fat-free mass (FFM)(-1) x @entity4 ); exercise vs. control] but was suppressed by 20% in the older group (3.37 +/- 0.37 vs. 4.21 +/- 0.23 mg x kg FFM(-1) x @entity4 ); P < 0.04). Moreover, L(ox) was reduced by 38% in the younger subjects (0.47 +/- 0.09 vs. 0.76 +/- 0.10 mg x kg FFM(-1) x @entity4 ); P< 0.03) but was augmented by 89% in the older group (0.68 +/- 0.11 vs. 0.36 +/- 0.08 mg x kg FFM(-1) x @entity4 ); P < 0.04). In addition, @entity6 -stimulated C(ox), L(ox), and respiratory exchange ratio responses to eccentric exercise were related to abdominal adiposity (r = -0.57, P < 0.04, r = 0.68, P < 0.02 and r = -0.60, P < 0.02, respectively). Despite normal @entity2 tolerance and the absence of @entity1 per se, older @entity0 experience a reduction in @entity5 oxidation in response to @entity6 after eccentric exercise.

title: Impaired substrate oxidation in healthy elderly XXXX after eccentric exercise.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The risk of repeat sternotomy is higher than that of the initial sternotomy, especially if the pericardial sac was left open at the first intervention. In 200 consecutive @entity0 with a @entity3 after open heart operations, the pericardium was closed with a @entity4 -preserved @entity2 pericardial patch. @entity1 at reoperation were assessed in four groups of @entity0 on a scale of 6, ranging from 0 (no @entity1 ) to 5 (calcified or ossified @entity1 ). Group I comprised 13 @entity0 in whom the pericardium was left open at the first operation and an @entity2 pericardial patch was implanted at reoperation. Group Ia included the first five Group I @entity0 who underwent reoperation less than 1 year (early reoperation) after the initial procedure. Group Ib included the other eight @entity0 of Group I, who underwent reoperation more than 1 year (late reoperation) after the first procedure. Group II comprised nine @entity0 who were reoperated on after reconstruction of the pericardial sac with a @entity4 -preserved @entity2 pericardial patch. After a mean follow-up of 20.2 months, the incidence of patch-related complications was 1%. Statistical analysis shows less severe @entity1 on reoperation in Group II @entity0 ( @entity3 patched) than in Group I @entity0 ( @entity3 left open): mean grade of @entity1 1.6 +/- 0.9 (Group II) versus 3.2 +/- 0.6 (Group I), p less than 0.001. @entity1 with the pericardium left open were similar in @entity0 having early and late reoperations: mean grade of @entity1 3.0 +/- 0.7 (Group Ia) versus 3.4 +/- 0.5 (Group Ib), no significant difference. Therefore, the @entity4 -preserved @entity2 pericardial patch can be considered a suitable material for primary closure of the pericardial sac in @entity0 with inadequate autologous pericardium.

title: Repeat sternotomy after reconstruction of the pericardial sac with XXXX -preserved @entity2 pericardium.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The risk of repeat sternotomy is higher than that of the initial sternotomy, especially if the pericardial sac was left open at the first intervention. In 200 consecutive @entity0 with a @entity3 after open heart operations, the pericardium was closed with a @entity4 -preserved @entity2 pericardial patch. @entity1 at reoperation were assessed in four groups of @entity0 on a scale of 6, ranging from 0 (no @entity1 ) to 5 (calcified or ossified @entity1 ). Group I comprised 13 @entity0 in whom the pericardium was left open at the first operation and an @entity2 pericardial patch was implanted at reoperation. Group Ia included the first five Group I @entity0 who underwent reoperation less than 1 year (early reoperation) after the initial procedure. Group Ib included the other eight @entity0 of Group I, who underwent reoperation more than 1 year (late reoperation) after the first procedure. Group II comprised nine @entity0 who were reoperated on after reconstruction of the pericardial sac with a @entity4 -preserved @entity2 pericardial patch. After a mean follow-up of 20.2 months, the incidence of patch-related complications was 1%. Statistical analysis shows less severe @entity1 on reoperation in Group II @entity0 ( @entity3 patched) than in Group I @entity0 ( @entity3 left open): mean grade of @entity1 1.6 +/- 0.9 (Group II) versus 3.2 +/- 0.6 (Group I), p less than 0.001. @entity1 with the pericardium left open were similar in @entity0 having early and late reoperations: mean grade of @entity1 3.0 +/- 0.7 (Group Ia) versus 3.4 +/- 0.5 (Group Ib), no significant difference. Therefore, the @entity4 -preserved @entity2 pericardial patch can be considered a suitable material for primary closure of the pericardial sac in @entity0 with inadequate autologous pericardium.

title: Repeat sternotomy after reconstruction of the pericardial sac with @entity4 -preserved XXXX pericardium.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 -labelled @entity2 was composted together with biowaste on a pilot (m3) scale. The herbicide was quickly bound to the compost matrix. By aqueous extraction of 29 and 200 days old compost (equivalent to thermophilic and mesophilic phase of composting) only 4.2% and 3.1% respectively of the radioactivity in the compost samples could be extracted with water. Analysis of the extracts using high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) revealed that the dissolved organic matter ( @entity1 ) had molecular weights ranging between 2 and 28 kDa. The amount of @entity1 -associated radioactivity increased from 53% (day 29) to 65% (day 200) of total extractable radioactivity. The type of binding of the @entity0 -labelled residues and the @entity1 was elucidated by silylation of humic matter and subsequent HPSEC. The data demonstrated that besides polar metabolites also intact @entity2 was bound to the @entity1 . A distinct shift from rather weak interactions to strong covalent linkages of @entity2 and its metabolites with increasing age of the compost was observed. The results showed that only low amounts of free @entity2 and its degradates can be extracted with water. We concluded that the shift towards stable covalent linkages is equivalent to a detoxification of the contaminant in aged compost. Consequently, the use of the analysed compost in its mature stage should not pose an environmental risk to the groundwater or the subsoil.

title: Investigations on the binding mechanism of the herbicide XXXX to dissolved organic matter in leachates of compost.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The clinical features of six @entity0 with @entity6 are presented. These cases comprise the neurosurgical experience of one of the authors (B.B.) over approximately a 3-year period. Median age was 76 years with a range of 65-89 years. Previous reports of this disorder have not emphasized the occurrence of this @entity1 in the later decades. A notable feature was delay in diagnosis. Only one @entity0 had a correct diagnosis of @entity7 prior to admission. Incorrect diagnoses included @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity3 , gait disturbance secondary to fall and a thalamic cerebrovascular accident. Gait disorders at presentation included paraparesis, wide-based gait and unclassified disability. All @entity0 had pyramidal tract signs and five had a truncal sensory level. Plain radiographs of the spine were unhelpful and can dissuade the physician from the diagnosis. All @entity1 were in the thoracic region. Surgery resulted in cure in all @entity0 and diverted one @entity0 from planned institutional care. @entity6 should be considered in elderly @entity0 presenting with @entity4 .

title: XXXX in the elderly.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Drug resistance is one of the most significant impediments in the treatment of @entity5 . There have been a number of studies on the incidence of @entity8 expression in @entity1 cells or tissues, where detectable level of @entity8 has been found in all types of @entity5 . @entity8 expression and significance in the @entity0 varies widely between reported studies on @entity0 with different ages and different disease types. Some of this validation can be accounted for by the threshold used to consider a sample positive for @entity8 . However, @entity4 is likely important in determining therapeutic outcome in @entity0 with @entity7 , @entity6 , and MM, although there is a suggestion of a different "behavior" between adult and childhood @entity7 . In contrast, the significant prognostic association with expression of @entity10 and @entity9 is not consistent with disease types and disease stages. Clinical trials of modulation of MDR have been limited by following major factors. One is inability of achieving adequate blood levels of the modulator to reverse MDR, and the other is presence of other resistance mechanisms in addition to @entity8 . The fact that @entity8 modulators alter the pharmacokinetics of anti- @entity1 drugs can potentially increase @entity3 if the dose of anticancer drugs is not appropriately reduced. Recently, MDR modulators such as valspodar have demonstrated substantial inhibition of @entity8 . In this presentation, a number of characteristics in VCR-resistant cells are reported. We demonstrate that acquisition of MDR or recovery from MDR phenotypes differ in one cell type to another, a marked correlation between @entity8 and susuceptibility to @entity2 radicals, and altered gene expression of cell membrane antigen and apoptosis cascade genes. The efficacy of immunotherapies depends on the altered or unchanged target molecules of MDR cells. Thus, immunotherapies or reversal agents that aim at these substances in @entity1 cells should be useful to overcome MDR phenotypes.

title: Biology and modulation of multidrug resistance (MDR) in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Selective coronary angiography has shown that typical @entity6 may occur in the absence of @entity10 . Other causes of these attacks of @entity1 have been found: @entity8 , @entity11 or metabolic disturbances of the myocardial cell. Of all the @entity0 undergoing coronary angiography in 1984 at the Centre Cantini, 9 had no classical coronary lesions but delayed filling of the left anterior descending artery. This syndrome was described for the first time in 1972 by Tambe as the "slow @entity3 ". The aim of this study was to analyse the clinical, ECG and haemodynamic profiles of those @entity0 . Five of them also underwent stress Thallium myocardial scintigraphy. An @entity9 provocation test was performed afterwards under ECG control. @entity2 was appreciated by comparison with the other vessels and also by measuring the filling time which was two or three times longer than in a control series of 9 @entity0 with @entity6 and normal coronary arteries. The difference was statistically significant. These findings were only observed in strictly normal coronary vessels; they were reproducible and unaffected by the administration of @entity7 derivatives. In our series all 9 @entity0 were @entity0 with an average age of 51.4 years. One @entity0 was asymptomatic and had a history suggestive of @entity4 , and 4 others had typical @entity6 of effort: all had abnormal exercise stress tests. The other 3 @entity0 had spontaneous atypical @entity5 , normal resting ECG and a negative exercise stress test (impossible in one case). The five stress Thallium scintigraphies showed myocardial perfusion defects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX of the anterior interventricular artery. Apropos of 9 cases].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity7 is a common superficial @entity3 of the scalp in @entity0 , particularly in those of African descent. Trichophyton tonsuran, an anthropophilic dermatophyte, is responsible for the majority of cases in North America. The clinical presentations are variable and include: (i) a "seborrheic" form that is scaling, often without noticeable hair loss; (ii) a pustular, crusted pattern, either localized or more diffuse; (iii) a "black dot" variety characterized by small black dots within areas of @entity4 ; (iv) a kerion, which is an inflammatory mass; and (v) a scaly, annular patch. Most experts still consider @entity8 to be the drug of choice, but recommend a higher dosage of 20-25 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks because of the increase in treatment failures. Despite a history of having an excellent tolerability profile, the long treatment course and higher doses required for @entity8 have led to consideration of new antifungal agents for this infection. @entity9 , @entity5 , and @entity6 compartmentalize in skin, hair, and nails, thereby allowing shorter treatment courses of < or =4 weeks. All have generally been shown to be effective in the treatment of @entity7 and appear relatively well tolerated, with @entity2 being the most common adverse effect. Monitoring for liver enzyme elevations is generally unnecessary if therapy is limited to </=4 weeks. As more data regarding efficacy, tolerability, and dose administration becomes available, one or more of these new antifungal agents may become first-line therapy for @entity7 . For now, we recommend their use in cases of treatment failure or recurrent noncompliance. Our personal preference in the younger @entity0 is @entity6 . It has a favorable tolerability profile and is available in liquid form. In the older @entity0 who can take a tablet, @entity9 is recommended. More data is available on this drug in the treatment of @entity7 than the other two, and it is the least expensive. Although the oral antifungal agents are the most important aspect of therapy, adjunctive therapy may be beneficial. Sporicidal shampoos, such as @entity10 , can aid in removing adherent scales and hasten the eradication of viable spores from the scalp in the hope of decreasing the spread of this infection. The use of corticosteroids for the treatment of kerions is controversial. Many of the studies have design flaws or show variable results. We recommend either a short burst of oral @entity1 or topical corticosteroids in @entity0 with the most severe disease.

title: XXXX : epidemiology, diagnosis and management strategies.

answer: @entity7


abstract: The concurrent, alternate electrical stimulation of the septal nucleus and the entorhinal cortex results in the development of fully generalized @entity0 at one site (dominant site) and the lack of development of kindled @entity0 at the other (suppressed or antagonized site). We have labeled this phenomenon kindling antagonism. Previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated that the whole brain depletion of @entity2 (NE) eliminates the development of kindling antagonism. In the present study animals were treated with the neurotoxin @entity3 ( @entity3 ) as neonates. The neonatal administration of @entity3 produced robust increases in brainstem and cerebellar NE levels and depletions of forebrain NE levels when assayed at maturity. Striatal @entity1 levels were spared by this treatment. Neonatal @entity3 did not alter the development of the kindling antagonism phenomenon which is typically observed following concurrent, alternate stimulation of the septal nucleus and entorhinal cortex. Neonatal @entity3 treatment significantly facilitated the rate of kindled @entity0 development at dominant sites but failed to alter thresholds for the elicitation of afterdischarges (AD) or patterns of development of AD durations. Other characteristics of kindling antagonism were similarly unaffected by @entity3 treatment. These data suggest that brainstem and/or cerebellar NE are sufficient to mediate the development of kindling antagonism in the relative absence of forebrain NE.

title: Kindling antagonism: a role for hindbrain XXXX in the development of site suppression following concurrent, alternate stimulation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The physiological role of @entity8 in @entity2 was investigated using isolated @entity0 soleus (N = 30) contracting once every 1.7 min for 75 min in Krebs-Henseleit solution gassed with either 95% @entity1 - 5% @entity3 (normocapnia) or 90% @entity1 - 10% @entity3 ( @entity5 ). Each contraction was 500 ms in duration at 50 Hz. When muscles contracted in normocapnic solution (pH 7.42), the developed @entity4 decreased an average of 6.1 +/- 0.8% over 25 min. For the next 50 min, 15 muscles remained normocapnic, while the remainder contracted in hypercapnic solution (pH 7.20). Tension decreased significantly more with @entity5 . For the last 25 min, both normocapnic and hypercapnic muscles were divided into three treatment groups (N = 5). One group continued in the same environment, while @entity6 (final concentration of 10(-5) M) was added to the bath of the second and @entity9 (final concentration of 10(-5) M) was added to the bath of the third group. @entity6 had no effect on @entity4 in either @entity3 environment. @entity9 significantly decreased @entity4 from the hypercapnic control but had no effect in normocapnia. Thus @entity8 inhibition with @entity9 increased the effect of @entity5 implying that @entity8 assists in the regulation of free @entity7 ion concentration in @entity2 .

title: XXXX inhibition in normocapnic and hypercapnic contracting @entity0 soleus.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The physiological role of @entity8 in @entity2 was investigated using isolated @entity0 soleus (N = 30) contracting once every 1.7 min for 75 min in Krebs-Henseleit solution gassed with either 95% @entity1 - 5% @entity3 (normocapnia) or 90% @entity1 - 10% @entity3 ( @entity5 ). Each contraction was 500 ms in duration at 50 Hz. When muscles contracted in normocapnic solution (pH 7.42), the developed @entity4 decreased an average of 6.1 +/- 0.8% over 25 min. For the next 50 min, 15 muscles remained normocapnic, while the remainder contracted in hypercapnic solution (pH 7.20). Tension decreased significantly more with @entity5 . For the last 25 min, both normocapnic and hypercapnic muscles were divided into three treatment groups (N = 5). One group continued in the same environment, while @entity6 (final concentration of 10(-5) M) was added to the bath of the second and @entity9 (final concentration of 10(-5) M) was added to the bath of the third group. @entity6 had no effect on @entity4 in either @entity3 environment. @entity9 significantly decreased @entity4 from the hypercapnic control but had no effect in normocapnia. Thus @entity8 inhibition with @entity9 increased the effect of @entity5 implying that @entity8 assists in the regulation of free @entity7 ion concentration in @entity2 .

title: @entity8 inhibition in normocapnic and hypercapnic contracting XXXX soleus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Our recent published studies suggest that @entity3 ( @entity3 ), generated and retained intracellularly, enhances growth of H4-II-E-C3 @entity0 @entity1 cells, an average of 33%. Proliferation conferred by introduction of a plasmid [ @entity6 (-S)Exp/pSVL ] encoding a signal sequence-depleted angiotensinogen [ @entity6 (-S)Exp] into these cells (which we have shown possess ACE and @entity4 mRNAs) is mediated, at least in part, by enhanced PDGF-A chain mRNA production and protein secretion. The mitogenic effect is inhibited by losartan suggesting that it involves @entity3 interaction with an @entity2 (1)-like receptor. Introduction of anti- @entity3 antibodies into the medium of these transfected cells has no effect upon growth of the cells, suggesting that @entity3 is retained by the cells and that intracellular @entity3 is growth stimulatory. In the present study, we sought to further characterize the intracellular localization and mode of action of @entity6 (-S)Exp. Consistent with our expectations, we now show that a fusion product of @entity6 (-S)Exp with green fluorescent protein [ @entity6 (-S)Exp/EGFP], generated from an expression plasmid, is abundant and primarily cytoplasmic. Wild-type angiotensinogen/EGFP, in contrast, is only detectable following a cold-block (which acts to enhance folding-kinetics and slow secretion) and is largely restricted to the secretory pathway. We further show, using semi-quantitative RT/PCR that the long isoform of PDGF mRNA is elevated in @entity6 (-S)Exp transfected cells and in @entity3 -treated naive cells but not in losartan-treated @entity6 (-S)Exp transfected cells. We identify C-terminal amidation recognition sites within the long-form protein (that are not present in the short-form) and show that these cells possess PAM (amidating enzyme precursor) and @entity7 mRNAs (the corresponding proteins of which are sufficient for amidation). Inhibitors of amidation inhibit growth of naive and @entity6 (-S)Cntr/ pSVL -transfected cells (2.6-fold for phenylbutenoic acid and 3.5-fold for disulfiram treatment) but more profoundly inhibit growth of @entity6 (-S)Exp/pSVL -transfected cells (6.7-fold for phenylbutenoic acid and 13-fold for disulfiram). In conclusion, these data confirm that signal sequence-depleted @entity6 (-S)Exp is retained within cells and is largely cytoplasmic. Because C-terminal amidation is absolutely required for full biological potency of a number of peptide hormones (including oxytocin, @entity5 and calcitonin), we postulate that growth effects of both intracellular @entity3 and exogenous @entity3 can be conferred by PDGF long-form, possibly through an amidation-dependent mechanism.

title: Intracellular @entity3 increases the long isoform of PDGF mRNA in @entity0 XXXX cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Our recent published studies suggest that @entity3 ( @entity3 ), generated and retained intracellularly, enhances growth of H4-II-E-C3 @entity0 @entity1 cells, an average of 33%. Proliferation conferred by introduction of a plasmid [ @entity6 (-S)Exp/pSVL ] encoding a signal sequence-depleted angiotensinogen [ @entity6 (-S)Exp] into these cells (which we have shown possess ACE and @entity4 mRNAs) is mediated, at least in part, by enhanced PDGF-A chain mRNA production and protein secretion. The mitogenic effect is inhibited by losartan suggesting that it involves @entity3 interaction with an @entity2 (1)-like receptor. Introduction of anti- @entity3 antibodies into the medium of these transfected cells has no effect upon growth of the cells, suggesting that @entity3 is retained by the cells and that intracellular @entity3 is growth stimulatory. In the present study, we sought to further characterize the intracellular localization and mode of action of @entity6 (-S)Exp. Consistent with our expectations, we now show that a fusion product of @entity6 (-S)Exp with green fluorescent protein [ @entity6 (-S)Exp/EGFP], generated from an expression plasmid, is abundant and primarily cytoplasmic. Wild-type angiotensinogen/EGFP, in contrast, is only detectable following a cold-block (which acts to enhance folding-kinetics and slow secretion) and is largely restricted to the secretory pathway. We further show, using semi-quantitative RT/PCR that the long isoform of PDGF mRNA is elevated in @entity6 (-S)Exp transfected cells and in @entity3 -treated naive cells but not in losartan-treated @entity6 (-S)Exp transfected cells. We identify C-terminal amidation recognition sites within the long-form protein (that are not present in the short-form) and show that these cells possess PAM (amidating enzyme precursor) and @entity7 mRNAs (the corresponding proteins of which are sufficient for amidation). Inhibitors of amidation inhibit growth of naive and @entity6 (-S)Cntr/ pSVL -transfected cells (2.6-fold for phenylbutenoic acid and 3.5-fold for disulfiram treatment) but more profoundly inhibit growth of @entity6 (-S)Exp/pSVL -transfected cells (6.7-fold for phenylbutenoic acid and 13-fold for disulfiram). In conclusion, these data confirm that signal sequence-depleted @entity6 (-S)Exp is retained within cells and is largely cytoplasmic. Because C-terminal amidation is absolutely required for full biological potency of a number of peptide hormones (including oxytocin, @entity5 and calcitonin), we postulate that growth effects of both intracellular @entity3 and exogenous @entity3 can be conferred by PDGF long-form, possibly through an amidation-dependent mechanism.

title: Intracellular XXXX increases the long isoform of PDGF mRNA in @entity0 @entity1 cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Our recent published studies suggest that @entity3 ( @entity3 ), generated and retained intracellularly, enhances growth of H4-II-E-C3 @entity0 @entity1 cells, an average of 33%. Proliferation conferred by introduction of a plasmid [ @entity6 (-S)Exp/pSVL ] encoding a signal sequence-depleted angiotensinogen [ @entity6 (-S)Exp] into these cells (which we have shown possess ACE and @entity4 mRNAs) is mediated, at least in part, by enhanced PDGF-A chain mRNA production and protein secretion. The mitogenic effect is inhibited by losartan suggesting that it involves @entity3 interaction with an @entity2 (1)-like receptor. Introduction of anti- @entity3 antibodies into the medium of these transfected cells has no effect upon growth of the cells, suggesting that @entity3 is retained by the cells and that intracellular @entity3 is growth stimulatory. In the present study, we sought to further characterize the intracellular localization and mode of action of @entity6 (-S)Exp. Consistent with our expectations, we now show that a fusion product of @entity6 (-S)Exp with green fluorescent protein [ @entity6 (-S)Exp/EGFP], generated from an expression plasmid, is abundant and primarily cytoplasmic. Wild-type angiotensinogen/EGFP, in contrast, is only detectable following a cold-block (which acts to enhance folding-kinetics and slow secretion) and is largely restricted to the secretory pathway. We further show, using semi-quantitative RT/PCR that the long isoform of PDGF mRNA is elevated in @entity6 (-S)Exp transfected cells and in @entity3 -treated naive cells but not in losartan-treated @entity6 (-S)Exp transfected cells. We identify C-terminal amidation recognition sites within the long-form protein (that are not present in the short-form) and show that these cells possess PAM (amidating enzyme precursor) and @entity7 mRNAs (the corresponding proteins of which are sufficient for amidation). Inhibitors of amidation inhibit growth of naive and @entity6 (-S)Cntr/ pSVL -transfected cells (2.6-fold for phenylbutenoic acid and 3.5-fold for disulfiram treatment) but more profoundly inhibit growth of @entity6 (-S)Exp/pSVL -transfected cells (6.7-fold for phenylbutenoic acid and 13-fold for disulfiram). In conclusion, these data confirm that signal sequence-depleted @entity6 (-S)Exp is retained within cells and is largely cytoplasmic. Because C-terminal amidation is absolutely required for full biological potency of a number of peptide hormones (including oxytocin, @entity5 and calcitonin), we postulate that growth effects of both intracellular @entity3 and exogenous @entity3 can be conferred by PDGF long-form, possibly through an amidation-dependent mechanism.

title: Intracellular @entity3 increases the long isoform of PDGF mRNA in XXXX @entity1 cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We report a suspected early stage of @entity5 in a four-year-old @entity0 complaining of poor visual acuity in both eyes. Ophthalmological examinations were performed including fundus examination, @entity2 angiography, and electrophysiological studies. However, dark adaptation and visual field testing were not performed because of her age. Ophthalmoscopic examinations revealed @entity3 in the superior temporal retina, diffusely abnormal retinal pigment epithelium, and lack of macular and foveal reflexes in both eyes. @entity6 was not observed and the vitreous did not show severe @entity1 . Fluorescein angiography showed many leaking points posterior to the @entity4 . Scotopic electroretinogram (ERG) was almost non-recordable. Photopic electroretinogram showed a marked reduction of the b-wave with a negative shape and delayed peak time. Flash visual evoked potentials were within normal range. It is very difficult to distinguish this case from @entity4 by ophthalmological findings. However, @entity5 is most suspected from the fact that the @entity0 is female and her parents and brothers are normal.

title: XXXX in a four-year-old- @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: We report a suspected early stage of @entity5 in a four-year-old @entity0 complaining of poor visual acuity in both eyes. Ophthalmological examinations were performed including fundus examination, @entity2 angiography, and electrophysiological studies. However, dark adaptation and visual field testing were not performed because of her age. Ophthalmoscopic examinations revealed @entity3 in the superior temporal retina, diffusely abnormal retinal pigment epithelium, and lack of macular and foveal reflexes in both eyes. @entity6 was not observed and the vitreous did not show severe @entity1 . Fluorescein angiography showed many leaking points posterior to the @entity4 . Scotopic electroretinogram (ERG) was almost non-recordable. Photopic electroretinogram showed a marked reduction of the b-wave with a negative shape and delayed peak time. Flash visual evoked potentials were within normal range. It is very difficult to distinguish this case from @entity4 by ophthalmological findings. However, @entity5 is most suspected from the fact that the @entity0 is female and her parents and brothers are normal.

title: @entity5 in a four-year-old- XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: cDNA clones for chymotrypsin inhibitor-2 (CI-2) have been isolated from an endosperm-specific library of @entity4 using a synthetic oligonucleotide probe. The nucleotide sequences of several of the cDNAs predict an open reading frame (beginning with an ATG codon) which encodes a protein of 84 residues (Mr 9380). In the longest clone another ATG codon is present, a further 69 @entity3 upstream. The @entity1 sequence between these two ATG codons predicts an @entity2 sequence with the characteristics of a signal peptide, as found in other cloned plant protease inhibitors. However, it contains an in-frame TAA stop codon, which is also present in all of the shorter cDNAs which extend into this region. From in vitro translation experiments, using mRNAs synthesized from cDNAs, we conclude that, in vitro, translation of all or the vast majority of CI-2 mRNAs begins at the second ATG codon, 31 @entity3 downstream from the ochre stop codon. Southern blotting of genomic DNA shows that CI-2 is encoded by a small multigene family, while sequence analysis of the cDNAs shows that at least two sub-families of mRNAs, which are more than 90% homologous, are present in the endosperm. Northern blotting analysis shows that related but different sequences are present in leaf and shoot RNA populations. Further Northern blot hybridizations using RNA from the normal line, Sundance, and the high- @entity0 @entity4 mutant, Hiproly, show that endosperms of the latter contain greatly increased levels of CI-2 mRNA. This correlates with the increased amount of CI-2 protein deposited in Hiproly, and demonstrates that the differential expression of CI-2 in the two genotypes is controlled at the level of transcription and/or stability of the mRNA. In contrast, the abundance of CI-2 mRNAs in leaves and shoots is not affected.

title: Nucleotide sequence of XXXX chymotrypsin inhibitor-2 (CI-2) and its expression in normal and high- @entity0 @entity4 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: cDNA clones for chymotrypsin inhibitor-2 (CI-2) have been isolated from an endosperm-specific library of @entity4 using a synthetic oligonucleotide probe. The nucleotide sequences of several of the cDNAs predict an open reading frame (beginning with an ATG codon) which encodes a protein of 84 residues (Mr 9380). In the longest clone another ATG codon is present, a further 69 @entity3 upstream. The @entity1 sequence between these two ATG codons predicts an @entity2 sequence with the characteristics of a signal peptide, as found in other cloned plant protease inhibitors. However, it contains an in-frame TAA stop codon, which is also present in all of the shorter cDNAs which extend into this region. From in vitro translation experiments, using mRNAs synthesized from cDNAs, we conclude that, in vitro, translation of all or the vast majority of CI-2 mRNAs begins at the second ATG codon, 31 @entity3 downstream from the ochre stop codon. Southern blotting of genomic DNA shows that CI-2 is encoded by a small multigene family, while sequence analysis of the cDNAs shows that at least two sub-families of mRNAs, which are more than 90% homologous, are present in the endosperm. Northern blotting analysis shows that related but different sequences are present in leaf and shoot RNA populations. Further Northern blot hybridizations using RNA from the normal line, Sundance, and the high- @entity0 @entity4 mutant, Hiproly, show that endosperms of the latter contain greatly increased levels of CI-2 mRNA. This correlates with the increased amount of CI-2 protein deposited in Hiproly, and demonstrates that the differential expression of CI-2 in the two genotypes is controlled at the level of transcription and/or stability of the mRNA. In contrast, the abundance of CI-2 mRNAs in leaves and shoots is not affected.

title: Nucleotide sequence of @entity4 chymotrypsin inhibitor-2 (CI-2) and its expression in normal and high- @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: cDNA clones for chymotrypsin inhibitor-2 (CI-2) have been isolated from an endosperm-specific library of @entity4 using a synthetic oligonucleotide probe. The nucleotide sequences of several of the cDNAs predict an open reading frame (beginning with an ATG codon) which encodes a protein of 84 residues (Mr 9380). In the longest clone another ATG codon is present, a further 69 @entity3 upstream. The @entity1 sequence between these two ATG codons predicts an @entity2 sequence with the characteristics of a signal peptide, as found in other cloned plant protease inhibitors. However, it contains an in-frame TAA stop codon, which is also present in all of the shorter cDNAs which extend into this region. From in vitro translation experiments, using mRNAs synthesized from cDNAs, we conclude that, in vitro, translation of all or the vast majority of CI-2 mRNAs begins at the second ATG codon, 31 @entity3 downstream from the ochre stop codon. Southern blotting of genomic DNA shows that CI-2 is encoded by a small multigene family, while sequence analysis of the cDNAs shows that at least two sub-families of mRNAs, which are more than 90% homologous, are present in the endosperm. Northern blotting analysis shows that related but different sequences are present in leaf and shoot RNA populations. Further Northern blot hybridizations using RNA from the normal line, Sundance, and the high- @entity0 @entity4 mutant, Hiproly, show that endosperms of the latter contain greatly increased levels of CI-2 mRNA. This correlates with the increased amount of CI-2 protein deposited in Hiproly, and demonstrates that the differential expression of CI-2 in the two genotypes is controlled at the level of transcription and/or stability of the mRNA. In contrast, the abundance of CI-2 mRNAs in leaves and shoots is not affected.

title: Nucleotide sequence of @entity4 chymotrypsin inhibitor-2 (CI-2) and its expression in normal and high- XXXX @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The efficacy and tolerance of @entity4 in the treatment of complicated @entity3 and in low dose long-term prophylaxis over six months for recurrent UTI were investigated in 60 and 27 @entity0 , respectively. In the prophylaxis group, compliance with medication was controlled weekly using Mecur BT. Five to nine days after treatment, the urine was sterile in 50 out of the 60 @entity0 treated (83.3%); relapse occurred in six @entity0 and was associated with development of resistance in two. Four @entity0 suffered re- @entity2 within the study period. Failure of treatment was closely related to persisting complicating factors in the urinary tract. The overall tolerance of @entity4 was satisfactory. However, there was one severe @entity1 . During the total 391 weeks of low dose long-term prophylaxis given to 27 @entity0 , only one break-through @entity2 occurred. Yet compliance studies proved that antimicrobial activity was present in the urines of less than 50% of the @entity0 . During prophylaxis, the rate of @entity2 was reduced from three to four to 0.13 to 0.05 @entity2 / @entity0 /year. There was no development of resistance in the isolates from these @entity0 . Only two adverse reactions were observed.

title: [Clinical study of the effectiveness and tolerance of @entity4 in the therapy of complicated XXXX and in long-term prevention of recurrent @entity3 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The efficacy and tolerance of @entity4 in the treatment of complicated @entity3 and in low dose long-term prophylaxis over six months for recurrent UTI were investigated in 60 and 27 @entity0 , respectively. In the prophylaxis group, compliance with medication was controlled weekly using Mecur BT. Five to nine days after treatment, the urine was sterile in 50 out of the 60 @entity0 treated (83.3%); relapse occurred in six @entity0 and was associated with development of resistance in two. Four @entity0 suffered re- @entity2 within the study period. Failure of treatment was closely related to persisting complicating factors in the urinary tract. The overall tolerance of @entity4 was satisfactory. However, there was one severe @entity1 . During the total 391 weeks of low dose long-term prophylaxis given to 27 @entity0 , only one break-through @entity2 occurred. Yet compliance studies proved that antimicrobial activity was present in the urines of less than 50% of the @entity0 . During prophylaxis, the rate of @entity2 was reduced from three to four to 0.13 to 0.05 @entity2 / @entity0 /year. There was no development of resistance in the isolates from these @entity0 . Only two adverse reactions were observed.

title: [Clinical study of the effectiveness and tolerance of @entity4 in the therapy of complicated @entity3 and in long-term prevention of recurrent XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The efficacy and tolerance of @entity4 in the treatment of complicated @entity3 and in low dose long-term prophylaxis over six months for recurrent UTI were investigated in 60 and 27 @entity0 , respectively. In the prophylaxis group, compliance with medication was controlled weekly using Mecur BT. Five to nine days after treatment, the urine was sterile in 50 out of the 60 @entity0 treated (83.3%); relapse occurred in six @entity0 and was associated with development of resistance in two. Four @entity0 suffered re- @entity2 within the study period. Failure of treatment was closely related to persisting complicating factors in the urinary tract. The overall tolerance of @entity4 was satisfactory. However, there was one severe @entity1 . During the total 391 weeks of low dose long-term prophylaxis given to 27 @entity0 , only one break-through @entity2 occurred. Yet compliance studies proved that antimicrobial activity was present in the urines of less than 50% of the @entity0 . During prophylaxis, the rate of @entity2 was reduced from three to four to 0.13 to 0.05 @entity2 / @entity0 /year. There was no development of resistance in the isolates from these @entity0 . Only two adverse reactions were observed.

title: [Clinical study of the effectiveness and tolerance of XXXX in the therapy of complicated @entity3 and in long-term prevention of recurrent @entity3 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The phytohormone abscisic acid ( @entity1 ) plays important regulatory roles in many plant developmental processes including seed dormancy, germination, growth, and stomatal movements. These physiological responses to @entity1 are in large part brought about by changes in gene expression. To study genome-wide @entity1 -responsive gene expression we applied massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS) to samples from @entity0 wildtype (WT) and abi1-1 mutant seedlings. We identified 1354 genes that are either up- or downregulated following @entity1 treatment of WT seedlings. Among these @entity1 -responsive genes, many encode signal transduction components. In addition, we identified novel @entity1 -responsive gene families including those encoding ribosomal proteins and proteins involved in regulated proteolysis. In the @entity1 -insensitive mutant abi1-1, @entity1 regulation of about 84.5% and 6.9% of the identified genes was impaired or strongly diminished, respectively; however, 8.6% of the genes remained appropriately regulated. Compared to other methods of gene expression analysis, the high sensitivity and specificity of MPSS allowed us to identify a large number of @entity1 -responsive genes in WT @entity0 . The database given in our supplementary material (http://jcs.biologists.org/supplemental) provides researchers with the opportunity to rapidly assess whether genes of interest may be regulated by @entity1 . Regulation of the majority of the genes by @entity1 was impaired in the @entity1 -insensitive mutant abi1-1. However, a subset of genes continued to be appropriately regulated by @entity1 , which suggests the presence of at least two @entity1 signaling pathways, only one of which is blocked in abi1-1.

title: Genome-wide gene expression profiling in XXXX reveals new targets of abscisic acid and largely impaired gene regulation in the abi1-1 mutant.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Dissolution of @entity2 urinary calculi was studied in vitro. Rate constants were calculated by measuring the concentration of @entity0 in solution during dissolution. Various irrigating agents, including @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and other @entity0 -chelating substances, were tested at different concentrations and pH values. @entity1 was the most effective agent in dissolving @entity2 calculi. When @entity1 was used, the rate of dissolution depended on both concentration and pH. At a pH of 7.5 or 10.0, the rate of dissolution increased progressively with the @entity1 concentration. At each concentration tested, dissolution was faster at a pH of 10.0 than at a pH of 7.5. Calculated rate constants were extrapolated to determine whether in vivo irrigation with @entity1 solutions is clinically practical. Even at an @entity1 concentration of 0.03 M at a pH of 7.5, a two mm. calculus could be dissolved within 48 hr. Although dissolution of @entity2 calculi is not a practical first-line treatment, it might be a useful adjunct to percutaneous stone removal or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

title: Kinetics of dissolution of XXXX calculi with @entity0 -chelating irrigating solutions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Dissolution of @entity2 urinary calculi was studied in vitro. Rate constants were calculated by measuring the concentration of @entity0 in solution during dissolution. Various irrigating agents, including @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and other @entity0 -chelating substances, were tested at different concentrations and pH values. @entity1 was the most effective agent in dissolving @entity2 calculi. When @entity1 was used, the rate of dissolution depended on both concentration and pH. At a pH of 7.5 or 10.0, the rate of dissolution increased progressively with the @entity1 concentration. At each concentration tested, dissolution was faster at a pH of 10.0 than at a pH of 7.5. Calculated rate constants were extrapolated to determine whether in vivo irrigation with @entity1 solutions is clinically practical. Even at an @entity1 concentration of 0.03 M at a pH of 7.5, a two mm. calculus could be dissolved within 48 hr. Although dissolution of @entity2 calculi is not a practical first-line treatment, it might be a useful adjunct to percutaneous stone removal or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

title: Kinetics of dissolution of @entity2 calculi with XXXX -chelating irrigating solutions.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Evidence discussed in this review article lends strong support in favor of an etiologic role of environmentalfactors in @entity1 . First, thanks to the discovery of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), it is now clear that, by targeting the nigrostriatal system, neurotoxicants can reproduce the neurochemical and pathological features of idiopathic @entity3 . The sequence of toxic events triggered by @entity6 has also provided us with intriguing clues concerning mechanisms of toxicant selectivity and nigrostriatal vulnerability. Relevant examples are (i) the role of the plasma membrane @entity5 transporter in facilitating the access of potentially toxic species into dopaminergic neurons; (ii) the vulnerability of the nigrostriatal system to failure of mitochondrial energy metabolism; and (iii) the contribution of inflammatory processes to tissue lesioning. Epidemiological and experimental data suggest the potential involvement of specific agents as neurotoxicants (e.g. pesticides) or neuroprotective compounds (e.g. @entity2 products) in the pathogenesis of @entity4 , further supporting a relationship between the environment and @entity1 . A likely scenario that emerges from our current knowledge is that neurodegeneration results from multiple events and interactive mechanisms. These may include (i) the synergistic action of endogenous and exogenous toxins (e.g. the ability of the pesticide @entity7 to promote the @entity0 of other compounds); (ii) the interactions of toxic agents with endogenous elements (e.g. the protein alpha-synuclein); (iii) the tissue response to an @entity0 ; and, last but not least, (iv) the effects of environmental factors on the background of genetic predisposition and aging.

title: Environmental factors in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a reproducible scoring system to identify @entity0 who present with a doubtful diagnosis of @entity2 and who would benefit from diagnostic laparoscopy. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Regional teaching hospital, The Netherlands. SUBJECTS: 577 consecutive @entity0 during the period 1994-5, and 343 who presented during the period 1996-7. INTERVENTIONS: The variables that seemed to be predictive of @entity1 were abstracted from the earlier group. a logistic regression analysis applied, and score created. The score was validated on the 343 @entity0 who presented during 1996-7, and then the groups were combined for further analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Reproducibility of the scoring system obtained by comparing odds ratios (OR) of the two groups; its effectiveness judged by comparing the delayed and normal appendicectomy rates. RESULTS: The following variables were significantly correlated with the presence of @entity1 : white cell count 10 x 10(9)/L or more (score 3), rebound tenderness and male sex (score 2 each); and symptoms present for < 48 hrs and temperature 38 degrees C or more (score 1 each). The OR for the two groups were 1.80 and 1.76, respectively, indicating that score was reproducible. With a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 83% it would be at least as accurate as clinical judgment. The normal appendicectomy rate would be 7% instead of 9%. and the negative exploration rates (laparoscopy and primary appendicectomy) would both be 22%. The score would also result in a lower perforation rate (2% compared with 17%). CONCLUSION: The score can indicate when there is an indication for laparoscopy in @entity0 with suspected @entity2 .

title: Scoring and diagnostic laparoscopy for suspected XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the effectiveness of a mesoatrial shunt in the treatment of @entity2 caused by combined hepatic vein and @entity1 . DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Tertiary care hospital, India. @entity0 : 10 @entity0 (4 @entity0 and 6 @entity0 ; mean age 28, range 18-45) who had operations for @entity2 between 1994 and 2000. INTERVENTION: Mesoatrial shunt. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Graft patency, survival, liver function and symptoms. RESULTS: One @entity0 died. All grafts were patent over a mean follow up period of 40 months (range 6-71). All survivors have normal liver function and were symptom free at the time of writing. CONCLUSION: Mesoatrial shunt is effective in the treatment of @entity2 caused by combined hepatic vein and vena caval occlusion.

title: Treatment of XXXX with inferior vena caval occlusion by mesoatrial shunt.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity0 forced swimming test (FST) distinguishes selective @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and selective @entity4 (NA) reuptake-inhibitors, which respectively increase swimming and climbing behaviours. However, NA-system-mediated inhibition of @entity2 -induced swimming prevents dual @entity2 /NA reuptake-inhibition to produce concurrently climbing with swimming. Since adaptative neurochemical processes occur in the treatment of @entity1 , we examined the influence of long-term antidepressant treatment on these interactions. METHODS: (1) Selective [ @entity3 : 10 mg/kg; @entity7 : 10 mg/kg] and non-selective [ @entity5 : 40 mg/kg; @entity8 : 20 mg/kg] antidepressants were administered subacutely (3inj) and chronically (17inj) over 16 days. (2) A subacute @entity3 - @entity7 combination (10-10 mg/kg) was administered in @entity0 that were pre-treated with chronic- @entity7 (10 mg/kg per day, 14 days). (3) NA-system-mediated interactions were further examined by combining the alpha(2)-receptor agonist @entity6 (5, 10, 20, 200 microg/kg) with 10 mg/kg @entity3 . RESULTS: (1) Long-term treatment with either @entity3 or @entity7 does not modify the behavioural response produced by their subacute administration. (2) In contrast, whereas subacute-milnacipran increases climbing solely, chronic-milnacipran produces greater anti-immobility effects and increases both climbing and swimming behaviours. Similarly, the @entity3 - @entity7 combination produces climbing solely, but increases both climbing and swimming behaviours in animals pre-treated with chronic- @entity7 . Chronic but not subacute- @entity8 increases swimming behaviour. (3) @entity6 dose-dependently antagonizes @entity3 -induced anti-immobility effects and swimming behaviour. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic enhancement of NA-transmission alters NA-system-mediated inhibition of @entity2 -induced behaviour in the FST, which may involve alpha(2)-receptors.

title: In the @entity0 forced swimming test, chronic but not subacute administration of dual XXXX /NA antidepressant treatments may produce greater effects than selective drugs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity0 forced swimming test (FST) distinguishes selective @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and selective @entity4 (NA) reuptake-inhibitors, which respectively increase swimming and climbing behaviours. However, NA-system-mediated inhibition of @entity2 -induced swimming prevents dual @entity2 /NA reuptake-inhibition to produce concurrently climbing with swimming. Since adaptative neurochemical processes occur in the treatment of @entity1 , we examined the influence of long-term antidepressant treatment on these interactions. METHODS: (1) Selective [ @entity3 : 10 mg/kg; @entity7 : 10 mg/kg] and non-selective [ @entity5 : 40 mg/kg; @entity8 : 20 mg/kg] antidepressants were administered subacutely (3inj) and chronically (17inj) over 16 days. (2) A subacute @entity3 - @entity7 combination (10-10 mg/kg) was administered in @entity0 that were pre-treated with chronic- @entity7 (10 mg/kg per day, 14 days). (3) NA-system-mediated interactions were further examined by combining the alpha(2)-receptor agonist @entity6 (5, 10, 20, 200 microg/kg) with 10 mg/kg @entity3 . RESULTS: (1) Long-term treatment with either @entity3 or @entity7 does not modify the behavioural response produced by their subacute administration. (2) In contrast, whereas subacute-milnacipran increases climbing solely, chronic-milnacipran produces greater anti-immobility effects and increases both climbing and swimming behaviours. Similarly, the @entity3 - @entity7 combination produces climbing solely, but increases both climbing and swimming behaviours in animals pre-treated with chronic- @entity7 . Chronic but not subacute- @entity8 increases swimming behaviour. (3) @entity6 dose-dependently antagonizes @entity3 -induced anti-immobility effects and swimming behaviour. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic enhancement of NA-transmission alters NA-system-mediated inhibition of @entity2 -induced behaviour in the FST, which may involve alpha(2)-receptors.

title: In the XXXX forced swimming test, chronic but not subacute administration of dual @entity2 /NA antidepressant treatments may produce greater effects than selective drugs.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In this in vivo study, novel delivery systems based on superporous hydrogel (SPH) and SPH composite (SPHC) polymers were used to improve the intestinal absorption of @entity2 in healthy @entity1 . Six female @entity1 of approximately 35 kg body weight were used. A cannula was inserted into the jugular vein for blood sampling and a silicone fistula in the duodenum for administration of gelatin capsules containing the delivery systems or @entity2 solutions. The delivery systems consisted of two components, (1) conveyor system made of SPH and SPHC; (2) core containing @entity2 . The core was inserted either into the conveyor system (core inside, c.i.) or attached to the surface of conveyor system (core outside, c.o.). The following intestinal formulations were investigated: c.i., c.o. and intraduodenal (i.d.) administration of @entity2 solutions. Subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of @entity2 was also investigated for reasons of comparison. Blood samples were taken and analyzed for @entity2 and @entity0 concentrations. Relative bioavalibility values of 1.3+/-0.4 and 1.9+/-0.7% were achieved for c.o. and c.i. administrations, respectively. The bioavalibility for i.d. administration of @entity2 solution was 0.5+/-0.2%. These results indicate that the absorption of @entity2 was slightly increased using SPH/SPHC-based delivery systems. Furthermore, a large variability was observed, probably due to physiological and metabolic changes during the experiments. Blood @entity0 levels were slightly decreased after the c.o. and c.i administrations, whereas these levels did not decrease after i.d. administration of @entity2 solutions. In conclusion, SPH/SPHC-based delivery systems are able to enhance the intestinal absorption of @entity2 and are, therefore, considered as promising systems for peroral peptide drug delivery. However, @entity2 delivery from these delivery systems under in vivo have to be improved.

title: Intestinal absorption of human insulin in XXXX using delivery systems based on superporous hydrogel polymers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Rel homology domain (RHD) of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B ( @entity5 ), on proinflammatory gene expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used an adenovirus vector encoding only the RHD of the @entity5 ( @entity6 family member) cDNA (AdRHD) to transduce @entity1 BMDCs ex vivo. Endpoints measured included BMDC expression of activation markers, cytokine secretion, peptide antigen presentation, and the ability of these transduced cells to induce antitumor immunity in vivo. RESULTS: AdRHD-transduced BMDCs secreted higher levels of the cytokines @entity2 , @entity3 , and IL-12 ( @entity7 ) compared with sham-transduced BMDCs or those transduced with an empty vector. AdRHD induced heightened surface expression of the activation markers @entity8 , B7.1, B7.2, and MHC class II on BMDCs, and these cells were able to present a peptide antigen to a T-lymphocyte hybridoma more efficiently than controls in vitro. Growth of syngeneic, established @entity0 (CT26 and B16.F10) was inhibited, and survival was prolonged in the @entity1 that received intratumoral AdRHD-modified BMDCs compared with controls. Splenocytes from CT26 @entity0 -bearing animals that received intratumoral AdRHD-modified BMDCs were able to lyse CT26 target cells more efficiently than controls. Similar experiments using host @entity1 harboring targeted mutations in @entity4 and CD8, as well as BMDCs from @entity1 lacking MHC class I, MHC class II, or IL-12 revealed that this @entity0 immunity was dependent on the presence of @entity4 + and CD8+ cells in the @entity0 -bearing host, as well as MHC class I, MHC class II, and IL-12 expression by the administered BMDCs. Furthermore, induction of IL-12 ( @entity7 ) expression by AdRHD was completely abrogated in BMDCs lacking the @entity9 @entity5 family member. CONCLUSIONS: We made the following conclusions: (a) gene transfer-mediated overexpression of the RHD of @entity5 activates BMDCs; (b) AdRHD-transduced BMDCs induce antitumor immunity when administered intratumorally, an effect mediated by both the @entity4 + T cell/MHC class II and the CD8+ T cell/MHC class I pathways, as well as IL-12; and (c) IL-12 ( @entity7 ) up-regulation by the RHD transgene in BMDCs is dependent on the presence of the @entity9 @entity5 family member.

title: Adenovirus vector-mediated overexpression of a truncated form of the XXXX nuclear factor kappa B cDNA in dendritic cells enhances their function resulting in immune-mediated suppression of preexisting @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Rel homology domain (RHD) of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B ( @entity5 ), on proinflammatory gene expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used an adenovirus vector encoding only the RHD of the @entity5 ( @entity6 family member) cDNA (AdRHD) to transduce @entity1 BMDCs ex vivo. Endpoints measured included BMDC expression of activation markers, cytokine secretion, peptide antigen presentation, and the ability of these transduced cells to induce antitumor immunity in vivo. RESULTS: AdRHD-transduced BMDCs secreted higher levels of the cytokines @entity2 , @entity3 , and IL-12 ( @entity7 ) compared with sham-transduced BMDCs or those transduced with an empty vector. AdRHD induced heightened surface expression of the activation markers @entity8 , B7.1, B7.2, and MHC class II on BMDCs, and these cells were able to present a peptide antigen to a T-lymphocyte hybridoma more efficiently than controls in vitro. Growth of syngeneic, established @entity0 (CT26 and B16.F10) was inhibited, and survival was prolonged in the @entity1 that received intratumoral AdRHD-modified BMDCs compared with controls. Splenocytes from CT26 @entity0 -bearing animals that received intratumoral AdRHD-modified BMDCs were able to lyse CT26 target cells more efficiently than controls. Similar experiments using host @entity1 harboring targeted mutations in @entity4 and CD8, as well as BMDCs from @entity1 lacking MHC class I, MHC class II, or IL-12 revealed that this @entity0 immunity was dependent on the presence of @entity4 + and CD8+ cells in the @entity0 -bearing host, as well as MHC class I, MHC class II, and IL-12 expression by the administered BMDCs. Furthermore, induction of IL-12 ( @entity7 ) expression by AdRHD was completely abrogated in BMDCs lacking the @entity9 @entity5 family member. CONCLUSIONS: We made the following conclusions: (a) gene transfer-mediated overexpression of the RHD of @entity5 activates BMDCs; (b) AdRHD-transduced BMDCs induce antitumor immunity when administered intratumorally, an effect mediated by both the @entity4 + T cell/MHC class II and the CD8+ T cell/MHC class I pathways, as well as IL-12; and (c) IL-12 ( @entity7 ) up-regulation by the RHD transgene in BMDCs is dependent on the presence of the @entity9 @entity5 family member.

title: Adenovirus vector-mediated overexpression of a truncated form of the @entity6 nuclear factor kappa B cDNA in dendritic cells enhances their function resulting in immune-mediated suppression of preexisting @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Rel homology domain (RHD) of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B ( @entity5 ), on proinflammatory gene expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used an adenovirus vector encoding only the RHD of the @entity5 ( @entity6 family member) cDNA (AdRHD) to transduce @entity1 BMDCs ex vivo. Endpoints measured included BMDC expression of activation markers, cytokine secretion, peptide antigen presentation, and the ability of these transduced cells to induce antitumor immunity in vivo. RESULTS: AdRHD-transduced BMDCs secreted higher levels of the cytokines @entity2 , @entity3 , and IL-12 ( @entity7 ) compared with sham-transduced BMDCs or those transduced with an empty vector. AdRHD induced heightened surface expression of the activation markers @entity8 , B7.1, B7.2, and MHC class II on BMDCs, and these cells were able to present a peptide antigen to a T-lymphocyte hybridoma more efficiently than controls in vitro. Growth of syngeneic, established @entity0 (CT26 and B16.F10) was inhibited, and survival was prolonged in the @entity1 that received intratumoral AdRHD-modified BMDCs compared with controls. Splenocytes from CT26 @entity0 -bearing animals that received intratumoral AdRHD-modified BMDCs were able to lyse CT26 target cells more efficiently than controls. Similar experiments using host @entity1 harboring targeted mutations in @entity4 and CD8, as well as BMDCs from @entity1 lacking MHC class I, MHC class II, or IL-12 revealed that this @entity0 immunity was dependent on the presence of @entity4 + and CD8+ cells in the @entity0 -bearing host, as well as MHC class I, MHC class II, and IL-12 expression by the administered BMDCs. Furthermore, induction of IL-12 ( @entity7 ) expression by AdRHD was completely abrogated in BMDCs lacking the @entity9 @entity5 family member. CONCLUSIONS: We made the following conclusions: (a) gene transfer-mediated overexpression of the RHD of @entity5 activates BMDCs; (b) AdRHD-transduced BMDCs induce antitumor immunity when administered intratumorally, an effect mediated by both the @entity4 + T cell/MHC class II and the CD8+ T cell/MHC class I pathways, as well as IL-12; and (c) IL-12 ( @entity7 ) up-regulation by the RHD transgene in BMDCs is dependent on the presence of the @entity9 @entity5 family member.

title: Adenovirus vector-mediated overexpression of a truncated form of the @entity6 nuclear factor kappa B cDNA in dendritic cells enhances their function resulting in immune-mediated suppression of preexisting XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: All @entity0 referred to the University Department of Surgery in Wellington with @entity5 were managed by simple de Pezzer drainage. The catheter used was between 3-5 mm in diameter and was inserted when possible under local anaesthetic. Ninety-seven @entity0 have presented with @entity5 . After exclusion of those @entity0 with intersphincteric abscess, 91 have been managed in this way with a male : female ratio of 2.8 : 1. a @entity5 was present in 76 @entity0 . General anaesthesia was necessary in 18 @entity0 and 16 of these @entity0 were admitted to hospital. Twelve @entity0 were admitted for underlying medical problems. One @entity0 had @entity1 . Over half of the @entity0 had symptoms which had lasted for 4 days or less and 22 patients had antibiotics prescribed by their local practitioners. There was no past history of @entity4 in 75 @entity0 . Sixty-two of the catheters were removed in less than 15 days. Of the @entity0 who were drained under local anaesthetic only eight said that the @entity2 was so intolerable that they would opt for a general anaesthetic in the future. Thirty-five @entity0 returned to their normal activities or work within 5 days and 68 were back at work 14 days after drainage. One abscess was inadequately drained. Twenty-two @entity0 developed @entity3 within the follow-up period. It is suggested that this simple technique is safe and reliable, is well tolerated by @entity0 , results in minimal hospitalization and an early return to work.

title: A simple method for the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: DNA topoisomerase IIalpha (Topo IIalpha) is a molecular and immunohistochemical marker that indicates proliferation rate and is the target for several antineoplastic agents. The present immunohistochemical study of a large series of surgically removed @entity4 was designed to assess the prognostic significance of Topo IIalpha expression relative to @entity0 age, gender, @entity2 type and size, invasiveness, @entity1 , @entity5 -labeling index and angiogenesis. Changes of Topo IIalpha expression in the @entity2 treated with @entity8 and @entity7 , a long-acting @entity6 analogue were also investigated. Topo IIalpha immunopositivity was detected only in the nuclei of @entity2 cells. Gonadotroph @entity3 , null cell @entity3 , and ACTH-producing @entity3 had the lowest Topo IIalpha indices, whereas primary @entity4 and silent type 3 @entity3 presented the highest counts. The statistical study demonstrated no significant correlation between Topo IIalpha expression, @entity0 gender, and vascularity. In contrast, significant negative correlation was found between Topo IIalpha expression and @entity0 age. Topo IIalpha expression was significantly higher in @entity1 . A tendency to have higher counts was also observed in microadenomas compared with in macroadenomas. Although Topo IIalpha and @entity5 indices were similar in most @entity2 types, no significant correlation between Topo IIalpha and @entity5 -labeling indices (r =.16, P =.09) was found. Only non-functioning @entity3 showed positive correlation (r =.41, P =.006) between both proliferation markers. Our results demonstrated a significant decrease in Topo IIalpha index in octreotide-treated, GH-producing @entity3 , compared with untreated @entity2 , but no significant changes were observed in @entity8 -treated, PRL-producing @entity3 . The present study showed no significant advantage of Topo IIalpha over @entity5 as a prognostic marker; however, Topo IIalpha may provide crucial information regarding selection of @entity4 responsive to antineoplastic therapy, such as invasive @entity4 and @entity4 , which exhibit a high Topo IIalpha index.

title: Topoisomerase IIalpha expression in XXXX and carcinomas: relationship to @entity2 behavior.

answer: @entity4


abstract: DNA topoisomerase IIalpha (Topo IIalpha) is a molecular and immunohistochemical marker that indicates proliferation rate and is the target for several antineoplastic agents. The present immunohistochemical study of a large series of surgically removed @entity4 was designed to assess the prognostic significance of Topo IIalpha expression relative to @entity0 age, gender, @entity2 type and size, invasiveness, @entity1 , @entity5 -labeling index and angiogenesis. Changes of Topo IIalpha expression in the @entity2 treated with @entity8 and @entity7 , a long-acting @entity6 analogue were also investigated. Topo IIalpha immunopositivity was detected only in the nuclei of @entity2 cells. Gonadotroph @entity3 , null cell @entity3 , and ACTH-producing @entity3 had the lowest Topo IIalpha indices, whereas primary @entity4 and silent type 3 @entity3 presented the highest counts. The statistical study demonstrated no significant correlation between Topo IIalpha expression, @entity0 gender, and vascularity. In contrast, significant negative correlation was found between Topo IIalpha expression and @entity0 age. Topo IIalpha expression was significantly higher in @entity1 . A tendency to have higher counts was also observed in microadenomas compared with in macroadenomas. Although Topo IIalpha and @entity5 indices were similar in most @entity2 types, no significant correlation between Topo IIalpha and @entity5 -labeling indices (r =.16, P =.09) was found. Only non-functioning @entity3 showed positive correlation (r =.41, P =.006) between both proliferation markers. Our results demonstrated a significant decrease in Topo IIalpha index in octreotide-treated, GH-producing @entity3 , compared with untreated @entity2 , but no significant changes were observed in @entity8 -treated, PRL-producing @entity3 . The present study showed no significant advantage of Topo IIalpha over @entity5 as a prognostic marker; however, Topo IIalpha may provide crucial information regarding selection of @entity4 responsive to antineoplastic therapy, such as invasive @entity4 and @entity4 , which exhibit a high Topo IIalpha index.

title: Topoisomerase IIalpha expression in @entity4 and carcinomas: relationship to XXXX behavior.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Numerous reports document significant @entity3 after @entity4 ; however, there is little objective data on postsurgical changes in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: This study examined @entity1 in four groups of @entity0 : presurgery (T1), several weeks postsurgery (T2), 6 months postsurgery (T3), and 1 year postsurgery (T4). Subjects were given three @entity1 measures: the short form 36 (SF-36), the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite Questionnaire (IWQOL-Lite), and the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System (BAROS). Subjects also completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the @entity5 ( @entity5 ). RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the groups on demographics or presurgical body mass index. Results showed significant differences between T1 and T2 on several SF-36 and IWQOL-Lite subscales, as well as the @entity5 and BDI. Significant differences were found on all measures between T2 and T3. Significant differences were found on all subscales of the IWQOL-Lite, but no subscales of the SF-36, the @entity5 , or the BDI between T3 and T4. DISCUSSION: This study is the first to objectively document these differences in several objective measures of @entity1 , @entity2 , and self-esteem after @entity4 in a large sample. It is notable that many differences are apparent within several weeks after surgery. Furthermore, results indicate that the IWQOL-Lite may be more sensitive than the SF-36 to the changes of quality of life that @entity4 @entity0 report.

title: Quality of life after XXXX surgery: a cross-sectional study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Induction of @entity1 recurrence may be achieved by a variety of stimuli. @entity2 of almost any kind (physical, chemical, electromagnetic and thermal) to the healed primary lesion site has been successful for induction of recurrence. In common with each of these mechanisms is the release of inflammatory mediators ( @entity6 (AA), complement, kinins, etc.) following @entity2 . Because blockade of the AA cascade with @entity4 has been noted to @entity5 , and because @entity4 have numerous side effects making them a poor therapeutic choice in @entity9 , we decided to test several relatively different types of AA cascade inhibitory drugs in @entity0 ear HSV recurrence models. In this series of experiments, it was found that topical @entity4 gave the greatest initial decrease in lesion number (80% fewer than control on day 3 post recurrence induction (PRI), while @entity10 resulted in the greatest reduction of lesions by day 5 PRI (85% fewer lesions than control and 60% fewer than the @entity3 treated group). The @entity7 treated group exhibited the least reduction in recurrence severity (27% fewer lesions than control on day 5 PRI and 200% more lesions than the @entity3 group. @entity8 ( @entity8 ) acted roughly equivalent to the @entity3 treated group by day 5 PRI (70% fewer lesions than the untreated control group). Relative efficacy in lesion reduction between groups by day 5 PRI is: @entity10 greater than @entity3 = @entity8 greater than NDGA greater than control. @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity8 significantly reduced lesions (p less than .05) when compared with the saline treated control @entity0 . NDGA did not significantly reduce lesions by day 5 PRI.

title: The effect of modulating the synthesis of XXXX cascade products on @entity1 recurrence.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Induction of @entity1 recurrence may be achieved by a variety of stimuli. @entity2 of almost any kind (physical, chemical, electromagnetic and thermal) to the healed primary lesion site has been successful for induction of recurrence. In common with each of these mechanisms is the release of inflammatory mediators ( @entity6 (AA), complement, kinins, etc.) following @entity2 . Because blockade of the AA cascade with @entity4 has been noted to @entity5 , and because @entity4 have numerous side effects making them a poor therapeutic choice in @entity9 , we decided to test several relatively different types of AA cascade inhibitory drugs in @entity0 ear HSV recurrence models. In this series of experiments, it was found that topical @entity4 gave the greatest initial decrease in lesion number (80% fewer than control on day 3 post recurrence induction (PRI), while @entity10 resulted in the greatest reduction of lesions by day 5 PRI (85% fewer lesions than control and 60% fewer than the @entity3 treated group). The @entity7 treated group exhibited the least reduction in recurrence severity (27% fewer lesions than control on day 5 PRI and 200% more lesions than the @entity3 group. @entity8 ( @entity8 ) acted roughly equivalent to the @entity3 treated group by day 5 PRI (70% fewer lesions than the untreated control group). Relative efficacy in lesion reduction between groups by day 5 PRI is: @entity10 greater than @entity3 = @entity8 greater than NDGA greater than control. @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity8 significantly reduced lesions (p less than .05) when compared with the saline treated control @entity0 . NDGA did not significantly reduce lesions by day 5 PRI.

title: The effect of modulating the synthesis of @entity6 cascade products on XXXX recurrence.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few therapeutic options are available for severe, life-threatening, refractory autoimmune @entity9 . CASE REPORT: A 53-year-old 110-kg @entity0 was seen with acute onset of symptomatic severe @entity2 with @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity5 . His nadir Hct was 8.3 percent with a peak total @entity3 of 44 mg per dL. The DAT was positive but the IAT was negative. Elution studies demonstrated an IgG pan-agglutinin antibody reactive at 37 degrees C. Treatment with high-dose @entity1 and IVIG was instituted. An accessory spleen measuring 2 cm was identified and surgically removed, but the @entity0 continued to have intense @entity8 . @entity4 at 200 mg per day was started. Apheresis with a staphylococcal protein A immunoadsorption column (Prosorba, Cypress Bioscience, Inc.) was initiated on Day 18 and was performed twice weekly for a total of six treatments. @entity4 was continued for a total of 14 days. His transfusion requirement ceased by the third immunoadsorption treatment. Forty units of RBCs were required over 23 days in an attempt to maintain a Hct greater than or equal to 15 percent. CONCLUSION: Refractory autoimmune @entity8 can be a life-threatening event. The @entity0 did not achieve a response until after several different therapeutic modalities were instituted, including plasmapheresis with a staphylococcal protein A column (Prosorba). A complete response continues to be durable for more than 1 year after therapy.

title: Durable response to combination therapy including staphylococcal protein A immunoadsorption in life-threatening refractory autoimmune XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: The term @entity1 is a continuum that progresses from only a disequilibrium of intake in relation to needs, to gross structural and functional changes. Furthermore, these changes may be mutually exclusive. How then do we define @entity1 ? Strictly, @entity1 starts, as we have shown, when the @entity0 fails to eat enough to meet needs and progresses through a series of functional changes that precede any changes in body composition. These functional changes are related to the duration of reduced intake and its severity. Finally, body wasting occurs, and biochemical indices become abnormal. To base the definition of @entity1 on any one of these changes is inappropriate. Thus, a @entity0 's nutritional status should be defined by the following criteria: nutrient intake in relation to needs; associated changes in organ function; associated changes in body composition; and associated changes in biochemistry. Only by recognizing the different facets of @entity1 can we define its various manifestations in relation to our clinical objectives. In attempting to achieve this goal, we have found muscle function tests a most useful and objective investigational tool.

title: Assessment of nutritional status in the oncologic XXXX .

answer: @entity0