abstract: @entity9 , @entity8 , and @entity6 [also known as @entity9 , @entity8 , and @entity6 , respectively] constitute a unique family of putative protein @entity3 phosphatases (PTPs) modified by farnesylation. @entity6 is amplified and its message is up-regulated in @entity2 metastases. Its ectopic expression promotes invasive and metastatic properties, supporting a causal link between @entity6 and late-stage @entity1 development. However, neither PRL phosphatase substrates nor their signaling pathways have been defined. To address possible mechanisms for the biological activity of @entity6 , we sought to identify its downstream targets, reasoning that regulators of motility and invasion, such as the Rho family of small GTPases, might be logical candidates. We found that levels of active @entity4 and @entity7 were increased 4- to 7-fold in SW480 @entity2 cells expressing exogenous @entity9 and @entity6 , and that PRL-mediated motility and Matrigel invasion were blocked by pharmacologic inhibition of Rho kinase (ROCK), a key Rho effector. In contrast, the activity of Rac was reduced by PRL PTPs, whereas @entity5 activity was unaffected. @entity6 stimulated transcription driven by the serum response element in a Rho-dependent manner. We also confirmed that the ability of PRL PTPs to induce invasion and motility is dependent on farnesylation. Catalytic @entity6 mutants ( @entity10 or @entity11 ) were impaired in @entity6 -induced invasion and Rho activation, indicating that these properties require phosphatase activity. We conclude that PRL PTPs stimulate Rho signaling pathways to promote motility and invasion. Characterization of PRL activity and regulatory pathways should enhance efforts to understand and interfere with PRL-mediated events in invasion and @entity0 .

title: PRL XXXX phosphatases regulate rho family GTPases to promote invasion and motility.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Oxidative stress is commonly observed in the elderly and could be involved in age-related diseases. However, the determinants of @entity3 anion overproduction are not clearly understood. @entity3 anion production was evaluated using a @entity12 -based chemiluminescence method in 478 elderly subjects (304 @entity0 , 174 @entity0 ; 79.5+/-7.1 years). @entity6 (HCy) metabolism ( @entity11 , @entity10 , plasma, and erythrocyte @entity13 ), @entity1 (CRP, @entity9 , alpha-1 acid glycoprotein), lipid parameters (total @entity2 , @entity8 , HDL and LDL @entity2 ), and nutritional parameters (albumin, transthyretin) were determined. The results show that HCy levels (p<0.001) and @entity3 anion production (p=0.04) increase with aging, but CRP does not. Highest HCy (>20 microM) (OR 1.83 (1.09-3.07), p=0.02) and CRP over 5 mg/L (adjusted OR 2.01 (1.15-3.51), p=0.01) are the main determinants in @entity3 anion production in the elderly. These clinical data are confirmed in an in vitro study using @entity7 monocyte-like cells. Incubation with HCy @entity14 (HTL) (0-200 microM) and @entity4 (0-20 ng/ml) dramatically enhances @entity5 oxidase expression and activation. Moreover, a synergic action was evidenced for low concentrations of HTL (20 microM) and @entity4 (5 ng). Taken together, the clinical data and in vitro experiments support the hypothesis that moderate @entity11 and low-grade @entity1 synergically enhance @entity5 oxidase activity in the elderly.

title: XXXX and @entity1 as main determinants of oxidative stress in the elderly.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Oxidative stress is commonly observed in the elderly and could be involved in age-related diseases. However, the determinants of @entity3 anion overproduction are not clearly understood. @entity3 anion production was evaluated using a @entity12 -based chemiluminescence method in 478 elderly subjects (304 @entity0 , 174 @entity0 ; 79.5+/-7.1 years). @entity6 (HCy) metabolism ( @entity11 , @entity10 , plasma, and erythrocyte @entity13 ), @entity1 (CRP, @entity9 , alpha-1 acid glycoprotein), lipid parameters (total @entity2 , @entity8 , HDL and LDL @entity2 ), and nutritional parameters (albumin, transthyretin) were determined. The results show that HCy levels (p<0.001) and @entity3 anion production (p=0.04) increase with aging, but CRP does not. Highest HCy (>20 microM) (OR 1.83 (1.09-3.07), p=0.02) and CRP over 5 mg/L (adjusted OR 2.01 (1.15-3.51), p=0.01) are the main determinants in @entity3 anion production in the elderly. These clinical data are confirmed in an in vitro study using @entity7 monocyte-like cells. Incubation with HCy @entity14 (HTL) (0-200 microM) and @entity4 (0-20 ng/ml) dramatically enhances @entity5 oxidase expression and activation. Moreover, a synergic action was evidenced for low concentrations of HTL (20 microM) and @entity4 (5 ng). Taken together, the clinical data and in vitro experiments support the hypothesis that moderate @entity11 and low-grade @entity1 synergically enhance @entity5 oxidase activity in the elderly.

title: @entity6 and XXXX as main determinants of oxidative stress in the elderly.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are crucial factors in follicular growth and development. @entity3 and BMPs initiate signaling by assembling type I (ALK-3, ALK-5 and @entity2 ) and type II ( @entity4 ) receptors. However, the mechanism regulating the expression of these receptors in the process of @entity1 follicle development is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to clarify the involvement of receptor systems for @entity3 and BMPs in follicular selection by examining the effects of FSH and @entity0 -17beta (E2) on the regulation of @entity4 , ALK-3, ALK-5 and @entity2 mRNA expression in @entity1 granulosa cells (GCs). To observe mRNA expression during follicular development, follicles were obtained from heifers and classified into two groups: pre-selection follicles (PRFs) (an average of 7.7 mm follicles with low E2) and post-selection follicles (POFs) (an average of 15 mm follicles with high E2). Theca layer cells (TCs) and GCs were harvested from aspirated follicles. For in vitro studies, GCs were obtained from @entity1 follicles of 4-7 mm diameter and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's/F12 (DMEM/F-12) medium with 10% fetal calf serum for 24 h. The medium was then replaced with serum-free DMEM/F-12 supplemented with different doses of E2 (1, 10, 100 ng/ml) or FSH (1, 5, 10 ng/ml) or combinations of 1 ng/ml of E2 with different FSH doses. Total RNA was extracted and the mRNA expression of @entity4 , ALK-3, ALK-5 and @entity2 was estimated by the quantitative real-time PCR method using a LightCycler. @entity4 and ALK-5 expression was significantly higher in the GCs of POFs than in those of PRFs, whereas ALK-3 expression was significantly lower in the GCs of POFs than in those of PRFs. There was no difference in @entity2 expression in GCs between PRFs and POFs. The expression of @entity4 , ALK-5, ALK-3 and @entity2 genes in the TCs was not significantly different between PRFs and POFs. Treatment of GCs with E2 alone increased @entity4 mRNA expression at a concentration of 100 ng/ml and ALK-5 mRNA expression at 10 ng/ml. @entity4 and ALK-5 mRNA levels were up-regulated by the combination of E2 (1 ng/ml) and FSH (5 ng/ml). On the other hand, FSH alone down-regulated the expression of @entity4 and ALK-5 in GCs. The results of the present study provide the first evidence that FSH and E2 regulate the expression of @entity4 and ALK-5 genes in @entity1 GCs. Thus, our data suggest that the @entity3 / @entity4 /ALK-5 system may be critically involved in the process of selection of @entity1 follicles.

title: Hormonal regulation of expression of @entity3 receptor type I and II genes in the XXXX ovarian follicle.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are crucial factors in follicular growth and development. @entity3 and BMPs initiate signaling by assembling type I (ALK-3, ALK-5 and @entity2 ) and type II ( @entity4 ) receptors. However, the mechanism regulating the expression of these receptors in the process of @entity1 follicle development is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to clarify the involvement of receptor systems for @entity3 and BMPs in follicular selection by examining the effects of FSH and @entity0 -17beta (E2) on the regulation of @entity4 , ALK-3, ALK-5 and @entity2 mRNA expression in @entity1 granulosa cells (GCs). To observe mRNA expression during follicular development, follicles were obtained from heifers and classified into two groups: pre-selection follicles (PRFs) (an average of 7.7 mm follicles with low E2) and post-selection follicles (POFs) (an average of 15 mm follicles with high E2). Theca layer cells (TCs) and GCs were harvested from aspirated follicles. For in vitro studies, GCs were obtained from @entity1 follicles of 4-7 mm diameter and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's/F12 (DMEM/F-12) medium with 10% fetal calf serum for 24 h. The medium was then replaced with serum-free DMEM/F-12 supplemented with different doses of E2 (1, 10, 100 ng/ml) or FSH (1, 5, 10 ng/ml) or combinations of 1 ng/ml of E2 with different FSH doses. Total RNA was extracted and the mRNA expression of @entity4 , ALK-3, ALK-5 and @entity2 was estimated by the quantitative real-time PCR method using a LightCycler. @entity4 and ALK-5 expression was significantly higher in the GCs of POFs than in those of PRFs, whereas ALK-3 expression was significantly lower in the GCs of POFs than in those of PRFs. There was no difference in @entity2 expression in GCs between PRFs and POFs. The expression of @entity4 , ALK-5, ALK-3 and @entity2 genes in the TCs was not significantly different between PRFs and POFs. Treatment of GCs with E2 alone increased @entity4 mRNA expression at a concentration of 100 ng/ml and ALK-5 mRNA expression at 10 ng/ml. @entity4 and ALK-5 mRNA levels were up-regulated by the combination of E2 (1 ng/ml) and FSH (5 ng/ml). On the other hand, FSH alone down-regulated the expression of @entity4 and ALK-5 in GCs. The results of the present study provide the first evidence that FSH and E2 regulate the expression of @entity4 and ALK-5 genes in @entity1 GCs. Thus, our data suggest that the @entity3 / @entity4 /ALK-5 system may be critically involved in the process of selection of @entity1 follicles.

title: Hormonal regulation of expression of XXXX receptor type I and II genes in the @entity1 ovarian follicle.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 induced by @entity3 mustard (SM) are the important problems in exposed @entity0 . The damaging mechanisms are not clearly understood. In the present study the relationship between the serum levels of inflammatory mediators and @entity10 induced by SM was evaluated. Bulbar conjunctiva and limbal tissue abnormalities were significantly more frequent in the expose versus control group (P=0.004 and 0.048 respectively). The serum levels of @entity5 and @entity2 in the exposed group with and without Slit lamp findings were significantly lower than their counterpart in the control group. The serum levels of @entity7 in the exposed group with Slit lamp findings were significantly lower than their counterpart in the control group. The serum levels of @entity7 in the controls with Slit lamp findings were significantly higher than the controls without Slit lamp findings. The serum levels of @entity6 and @entity8 in the exposed group with and without Slit lamp findings do not display any significant differences as compared to the similar controls. The serum levels of @entity4 in the exposed group with or without Slit lamp findings were significantly lower than their counterpart in the control group (P=0.048 and 0.008 respectively). The serum titers of the @entity9 in the exposed group without Slit lamp findings were significantly elevated versus their counterpart in the control group (P=0.004 and 0.011 respectively). The serum levels of these inflammatory cytokines except for @entity6 and @entity8 , decreased in SM exposed subject independent of ocular problems. More local studies on the eyes are needed to clarify the exact role of this cytokines in ocular problems of chemical.

title: Evaluation of relationship between the serum levels of inflammatory mediators and @entity10 induced by XXXX mustard: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 induced by @entity3 mustard (SM) are the important problems in exposed @entity0 . The damaging mechanisms are not clearly understood. In the present study the relationship between the serum levels of inflammatory mediators and @entity10 induced by SM was evaluated. Bulbar conjunctiva and limbal tissue abnormalities were significantly more frequent in the expose versus control group (P=0.004 and 0.048 respectively). The serum levels of @entity5 and @entity2 in the exposed group with and without Slit lamp findings were significantly lower than their counterpart in the control group. The serum levels of @entity7 in the exposed group with Slit lamp findings were significantly lower than their counterpart in the control group. The serum levels of @entity7 in the controls with Slit lamp findings were significantly higher than the controls without Slit lamp findings. The serum levels of @entity6 and @entity8 in the exposed group with and without Slit lamp findings do not display any significant differences as compared to the similar controls. The serum levels of @entity4 in the exposed group with or without Slit lamp findings were significantly lower than their counterpart in the control group (P=0.048 and 0.008 respectively). The serum titers of the @entity9 in the exposed group without Slit lamp findings were significantly elevated versus their counterpart in the control group (P=0.004 and 0.011 respectively). The serum levels of these inflammatory cytokines except for @entity6 and @entity8 , decreased in SM exposed subject independent of ocular problems. More local studies on the eyes are needed to clarify the exact role of this cytokines in ocular problems of chemical.

title: Evaluation of relationship between the serum levels of inflammatory mediators and XXXX induced by @entity3 mustard: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study.

answer: @entity10


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review the long-term outcomes of @entity0 with @entity2 treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 54 @entity0 with 55 @entity3 , A3, C1, or C2 @entity2 treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. The average age of the @entity0 was 57 years. All @entity0 returned for follow-up examination at an average of 59 months, with a minimum of 22 months. Measurements included active range of motion, grip strength, @entity1 assessment, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores, and final radiographic assessment. The paired t-test was used to determine significant differences. RESULTS: All @entity2 healed within 6 weeks. Active range of motion and grip strength of the injured wrist were statistically equal to those of the uninjured wrist for each of the parameters except wrist flexion and forearm supination. However, the difference in wrist flexion was 5 degrees and the difference in supination was 4 degrees , both of which are of little clinical importance. Eighty-five percent of @entity0 were @entity1 free. Radiographic parameters comparing the immediate postoperative view with the views taken at final follow-up showed no significant differences. One @entity0 required reoperation for loss of reduction after a fall in the preoperative period, and 3 others had minor complications. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning for @entity2 had excellent range of motion, normal Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores, and no significant differences in the radiographic parameters between @entity2 fixation and @entity2 healing. Complications were few. Pinning is an efficacious, low-cost treatment option for 2- and 3-part @entity2 with excellent long-term results. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.

title: Long-term outcomes of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: At present, photochemical detection of SOD-activity is used in most cases, where @entity0 production is based on the @entity3 oxidase activity or autooxidation of some substances, for instance, adrenaline. The shortcomings of these assays are the requirement of stable pH and temperature and need long-term experiments and sophisticated preliminary work. For this reason a novel method to determine SOD activity have been proposed, based on the photochemiluminescence ( @entity7 ), where @entity9 is used as a photosensitizer and @entity8 as a free-radical detector. Minimal concentrations of the system components have been selected, at which @entity7 intensity became virtually independent on the concentration and was sufficient for proper measurements: 25 nmole/ml of @entity9 , 3 nmole/ml of @entity8 and 250 nmole/ml of @entity5 . Under this conditions, the amount of SOD causing two-fold inhibition of @entity7 was 10 +/- 0.3 ng of SOD (Sigma, USA). Antioxidants occurring in the blood changed the @entity7 intensity by 5% at following concentrations: @entity2 --above 3.6 microM, @entity1 --above 0.3 microM, @entity6 --above 4.0 microM. Taking into account the amount of these antioxidants in whole blood and erythrocytes, it has been calculated that the antioxidants containing in the sample do not influence the results of SOD assay, even without erythrocytes washing. The proposed method was compared with a procedure offered by Calbiochem. The amounts of SOD causing two-fold decrease of @entity7 in our method and that of Calbiochem, were 10 and 40 ng (Sigma, USA), and standard deviations 0.45 and 0.96%, respectively. The SOD activity from 107 healthy donors (76 males and 31 females, 40 smokers and 67 non-smokers) has been determined and was found to be 15.1 +/- 0.4 ng @entity4 x 10(9) erythrocytes.

title: [A simple method of measuring XXXX dismutase activity using photochemiluminescence].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Prevalence of adult @entity3 is unknown in Tunisia. Symptomatic forms are less frequent than silent forms, which, according to recent serological screening in Europe and the United States, have an estimated prevalence of 1/100 to 1/500. We aimed to determine the prevalence of @entity3 in healthy blood donors in Tunisia. METHODS: Between November 2002 and March 2004, 1 418 sera from blood donors were tested for IgA @entity4 ( @entity4 ) by indirect immuno-fluorescence on monkey esophagus cryosections. RESULTS: The sample population included 1090 @entity0 and 328 @entity0 : mean age 29 and 26 years respectively. Three sera from two @entity0 and one @entity0 were positive for IgA @entity4 . ELISA search for anti-tissue tranglutaminase antibodies (ATG) in these three sera was positive in two. Upper @entity2 with proximal intestinal biopsies was performed in the three @entity0 . @entity1 was observed in the two ATG-positive @entity0 , confirming the diagnosis of @entity3 . In the third @entity0 , histologic examination did not show any abnormality. CONCLUSION: @entity3 is considered relatively rare in Tunisia. In fact, our study revealed a prevalence of about 1/700 among blood donors.

title: Prevalence of XXXX in Tunisian blood donors.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 265 adult outpatients with @entity4 (DSM-III) associated with clinically manifest @entity1 (according to FDA criteria) were included in a multicenter, randomized double-blind study. The trial consisted of three phases: placebo pretreatment phase and inclusion in the trial, treatment phase, placebo posttreatment phase. @entity0 were treated in monotherapy for 42 days with a mean dosage of 3 tablets per day corresponding to 37.5 mg/day of @entity3 or 75 mg/day of @entity2 respectively. The following assessment instruments were used: the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and the Check-List for the Evaluation of Somatic Symptoms of J.D. Guelfi and C.B. Pull (CHESS 82). Analysis of MADRS total scores showed an important and rapid improvement in @entity3 and @entity2 groups, reaching statistical significance as soon as D7. At the end of the 6-week treatment period the @entity3 group reached a decrease of 64% in the initial MADRS total score versus 69% in the @entity2 group. 78% of @entity0 treated with @entity3 and 83% of @entity0 treated with @entity2 were considered as treatment responders. There was no difference in drop-out rates between the two groups. @entity1 scores showed a decrease in psychic as well as somatic @entity1 in both groups. The action of @entity3 on anxious-depressive symptomatology was confirmed by the concomitant improvement of global clinical rating and @entity0 ' self-rating ( @entity5 ). Statistical comparison of all clinical rating-scale scores in @entity0 having completed the trial failed to show any significant group differences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy of XXXX in anxious-depressed @entity0 : results of a controlled multicenter trial versus @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: 265 adult outpatients with @entity4 (DSM-III) associated with clinically manifest @entity1 (according to FDA criteria) were included in a multicenter, randomized double-blind study. The trial consisted of three phases: placebo pretreatment phase and inclusion in the trial, treatment phase, placebo posttreatment phase. @entity0 were treated in monotherapy for 42 days with a mean dosage of 3 tablets per day corresponding to 37.5 mg/day of @entity3 or 75 mg/day of @entity2 respectively. The following assessment instruments were used: the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and the Check-List for the Evaluation of Somatic Symptoms of J.D. Guelfi and C.B. Pull (CHESS 82). Analysis of MADRS total scores showed an important and rapid improvement in @entity3 and @entity2 groups, reaching statistical significance as soon as D7. At the end of the 6-week treatment period the @entity3 group reached a decrease of 64% in the initial MADRS total score versus 69% in the @entity2 group. 78% of @entity0 treated with @entity3 and 83% of @entity0 treated with @entity2 were considered as treatment responders. There was no difference in drop-out rates between the two groups. @entity1 scores showed a decrease in psychic as well as somatic @entity1 in both groups. The action of @entity3 on anxious-depressive symptomatology was confirmed by the concomitant improvement of global clinical rating and @entity0 ' self-rating ( @entity5 ). Statistical comparison of all clinical rating-scale scores in @entity0 having completed the trial failed to show any significant group differences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy of @entity3 in anxious-depressed @entity0 : results of a controlled multicenter trial versus XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 265 adult outpatients with @entity4 (DSM-III) associated with clinically manifest @entity1 (according to FDA criteria) were included in a multicenter, randomized double-blind study. The trial consisted of three phases: placebo pretreatment phase and inclusion in the trial, treatment phase, placebo posttreatment phase. @entity0 were treated in monotherapy for 42 days with a mean dosage of 3 tablets per day corresponding to 37.5 mg/day of @entity3 or 75 mg/day of @entity2 respectively. The following assessment instruments were used: the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and the Check-List for the Evaluation of Somatic Symptoms of J.D. Guelfi and C.B. Pull (CHESS 82). Analysis of MADRS total scores showed an important and rapid improvement in @entity3 and @entity2 groups, reaching statistical significance as soon as D7. At the end of the 6-week treatment period the @entity3 group reached a decrease of 64% in the initial MADRS total score versus 69% in the @entity2 group. 78% of @entity0 treated with @entity3 and 83% of @entity0 treated with @entity2 were considered as treatment responders. There was no difference in drop-out rates between the two groups. @entity1 scores showed a decrease in psychic as well as somatic @entity1 in both groups. The action of @entity3 on anxious-depressive symptomatology was confirmed by the concomitant improvement of global clinical rating and @entity0 ' self-rating ( @entity5 ). Statistical comparison of all clinical rating-scale scores in @entity0 having completed the trial failed to show any significant group differences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy of @entity3 in anxious-depressed XXXX : results of a controlled multicenter trial versus @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Type I interferons (e.g. IFNalpha2b) have been successfully used to treat a variety of @entity4 , but have not been efficacious for treatment of most solid @entity0 . We tested the hypothesis that delivery of type I interferon utilizing recombinant adenovirus (rAd) vectors may improve treatment efficacy of metastatic @entity3 by providing increased interferon exposure resulting from continuous transgene expression. Treatment of @entity1 with a rAd-vector expressing hybrid-IFN (rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1) inhibited 4T1 mammary @entity0 growth and induced @entity0 regression in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1 treatment reduced hepatic and pulmonary metastatic burden. A comparison of local and systemic routes of administration demonstrated that intratumoral delivery of rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1 was sufficient for inhibition of @entity0 growth. Moreover, it reduced @entity2 associated with high-dose systemic IFNalpha2alpha1 exposure. Interestingly, antitumor activity following intratumoral treatment was due, in part, to the immunostimulatory capacity of the rAd vector component. Furthermore, systemic administration of rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1 potentiated the immunotherapeutic effect induced by local intralesional delivery of empty-rAd vector. These results suggest continuous @entity5 exposure may provide improved antitumor responses for metastatic @entity3 . Additionally, immunostimulatory responses induced by rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1 may mitigate the immune-evasive @entity0 microenvironment.

title: Adenovirus delivery provides extended XXXX exposure and augments treatment of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Type I interferons (e.g. IFNalpha2b) have been successfully used to treat a variety of @entity4 , but have not been efficacious for treatment of most solid @entity0 . We tested the hypothesis that delivery of type I interferon utilizing recombinant adenovirus (rAd) vectors may improve treatment efficacy of metastatic @entity3 by providing increased interferon exposure resulting from continuous transgene expression. Treatment of @entity1 with a rAd-vector expressing hybrid-IFN (rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1) inhibited 4T1 mammary @entity0 growth and induced @entity0 regression in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1 treatment reduced hepatic and pulmonary metastatic burden. A comparison of local and systemic routes of administration demonstrated that intratumoral delivery of rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1 was sufficient for inhibition of @entity0 growth. Moreover, it reduced @entity2 associated with high-dose systemic IFNalpha2alpha1 exposure. Interestingly, antitumor activity following intratumoral treatment was due, in part, to the immunostimulatory capacity of the rAd vector component. Furthermore, systemic administration of rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1 potentiated the immunotherapeutic effect induced by local intralesional delivery of empty-rAd vector. These results suggest continuous @entity5 exposure may provide improved antitumor responses for metastatic @entity3 . Additionally, immunostimulatory responses induced by rAd-IFNalpha2alpha1 may mitigate the immune-evasive @entity0 microenvironment.

title: Adenovirus delivery provides extended @entity5 exposure and augments treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of this study was to describe the orthoptic and ophthalmological findings in schoolchildren with @entity5 , to correlate them with asthenopic symptoms and to evaluate the effect of treatment. One hundred and twenty schoolchildren, aged 6-16 years, were included in the study. They were all referred by school nurses, for asthenopic symptoms. An orthoptic and ophthalmological assessment was performed. The main diagnoses were @entity3 , @entity2 , @entity4 , and latent strabismus. Reading glasses could help 98% of the schoolchildren with reduced accommodation, and 94% of the @entity0 with @entity4 were helped with appropriate spherical, cylindrical and prism correction. Convergence exercise reduced the symptoms in all @entity0 with @entity2 . Ninety-three percent of all 120 schoolchildren were symptom free 3-6 month after treatment had started. By an orthoptic and ophthalmological examination abnormalities in schoolchildren with @entity5 related to @entity1 can be identified. Most of the @entity0 were relieved from their symptoms by giving adequate glasses, convergence exercises and surgery.

title: XXXX in schoolchildren, orthoptic and ophthalmological findings and treatment.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Pauci-immune @entity1 is associated strongly with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) class, which are detected in 80% to 90% of affected @entity0 . IgA ANCAs have been reported in association with various conditions, but never in the setting of @entity8 . A 28-year-old @entity0 with unexplained polyclonal hyper- @entity7 diagnosed in childhood presented with decreased kidney function, @entity6 , and microscopic @entity4 . Kidney biopsy showed pauci-immune crescentic @entity3 . Serum test results were negative for IgG ANCA by means of both indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Conversely, indirect immunofluorescence performed using anti-IgA antibody was strongly positive with a cytoplasmic ANCA pattern, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test had positive results for both antimyeloperoxidase and anti-proteinase 3 IgA. IgA ANCAs were not detected in 2 control serum samples from 1 patient with @entity9 patient with monoclonal hyper-IgA. The @entity0 received @entity2 and 4 weekly perfusions of rituximab (375 mg/m2). After a 6-month follow-up, decreased kidney function and @entity6 persisted and IgA ANCA titers were unchanged. However, a control kidney biopsy showed a decrease in @entity5 activity. This first case of @entity8 associated with ANCA of the IgA class suggests the potential pathogenetic role of these peculiar antibodies. Additional studies are needed to determine whether IgA ANCAs, which are not routinely screened for, can be detected in @entity0 with @entity8 either alone or in association with IgG ANCA.

title: Pauci-immune crescentic XXXX associated with ANCA of IgA class.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 was identified and quantified as impurity of @entity3 , an antifungal compound, by capillary zone electrophoresis-electrospray-mass spectrometry (CZE-ESI- @entity0 ). The chirality of this impurity was demonstrated separating their enantiomers by adding @entity4 to the separation buffer in capillary electrophoresis (CE) with UV detection. However, @entity0 detection was hyphenated to the CE instrument for its identification. As both compounds are diastereomers, they have the same m/z values and are needed to be separated prior to the @entity0 identification. A 0.4M @entity1 separation buffer at pH 3.0 enabled the separation of the impurity from @entity3 . Under these conditions, the optimization of ESI- @entity0 parameters (composition and flow of the sheath-liquid, drying temperature, drying gas flow, and capillary potential) was carried out to obtain the best @entity0 sensitivity. CZE-ESI- @entity0 optimized conditions enabled the identification of @entity2 as impurity of @entity3 . In addition, the quantitation of this impurity was achieved in different samples: @entity3 standard and three different pharmaceutical formulations (two tablets and one syrup) containing this standard. In all cases, percentages higher than 2.0 were determined for the impurity. According to ICH guidelines, these values required the identification and quantitation of any impurity in drug substances and products.

title: Identification and quantitation of XXXX impurity by capillary zone electrophoresis-mass spectrometry.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Spasticity is a common complication with @entity2 and @entity3 . Instrumented systems to evaluate @entity4 often cannot provide an immediate result, thus limiting their clinical usefulness. In this study we investigated the accuracy and reliability of the portable Neurokinetics @entity6 Ridgidity Analyzer to measure @entity5 of the ankle joint in 46 controls, 14 spinal cord injured (SCI) and 23 @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 . METHODS: Ankle @entity5 measures were made twice by two raters, at speeds above and below the expected stretch reflex threshold. Ankle torque was measured with the portable device and a stationary torque motor. Inter- and intra-rater reliability was assessed with the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: Stiffness measures with the portable and stationary devices were significantly correlated for controls and @entity1 @entity0 (p < 0.01). Intra-rater reliability for the portable device ranged from 0.60-0.89 (SCI) and 0.63-0.67 (control) and inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.70-0.73 (SCI) and 0.61-0.77 (control). Ankle @entity5 measures in SCI and @entity1 @entity0 were significantly larger than in controls for both slow (p < 0.05) and fast movements (p < 0.01), with @entity5 being larger for fast compared to slow movements in SCI and @entity1 @entity0 (p < 0.05), but not in controls (p = 0.5). CONCLUSION: The portable device correlated well with measures obtained by a torque motor in both controls and @entity1 @entity0 , showed high intra- and inter-rater reliability for the SCI @entity0 , and could easily distinguish between stiff and control ankle joints. However, the device, in its current form, may be less accurate during rapid movements when inertia contributes to @entity5 and the shape of the air-filled pads did not provide a good interface with the foot. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that a portable device can potentially be a useful diagnostic tool to obtain reliable information of @entity5 for the ankle joint.

title: Assessment of a portable device for the quantitative measurement of ankle joint @entity5 in XXXX individuals.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Spasticity is a common complication with @entity2 and @entity3 . Instrumented systems to evaluate @entity4 often cannot provide an immediate result, thus limiting their clinical usefulness. In this study we investigated the accuracy and reliability of the portable Neurokinetics @entity6 Ridgidity Analyzer to measure @entity5 of the ankle joint in 46 controls, 14 spinal cord injured (SCI) and 23 @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 . METHODS: Ankle @entity5 measures were made twice by two raters, at speeds above and below the expected stretch reflex threshold. Ankle torque was measured with the portable device and a stationary torque motor. Inter- and intra-rater reliability was assessed with the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: Stiffness measures with the portable and stationary devices were significantly correlated for controls and @entity1 @entity0 (p < 0.01). Intra-rater reliability for the portable device ranged from 0.60-0.89 (SCI) and 0.63-0.67 (control) and inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.70-0.73 (SCI) and 0.61-0.77 (control). Ankle @entity5 measures in SCI and @entity1 @entity0 were significantly larger than in controls for both slow (p < 0.05) and fast movements (p < 0.01), with @entity5 being larger for fast compared to slow movements in SCI and @entity1 @entity0 (p < 0.05), but not in controls (p = 0.5). CONCLUSION: The portable device correlated well with measures obtained by a torque motor in both controls and @entity1 @entity0 , showed high intra- and inter-rater reliability for the SCI @entity0 , and could easily distinguish between stiff and control ankle joints. However, the device, in its current form, may be less accurate during rapid movements when inertia contributes to @entity5 and the shape of the air-filled pads did not provide a good interface with the foot. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that a portable device can potentially be a useful diagnostic tool to obtain reliable information of @entity5 for the ankle joint.

title: Assessment of a portable device for the quantitative measurement of ankle joint XXXX in @entity4 individuals.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Electrical synapses are neuronal gap junctions that mediate fast transmission in many neural circuits. The structural proteins of gap junctions are the products of two multigene families. Connexins are unique to chordates; innexins/pannexins encode gap-junction proteins in prechordates and chordates. A concentric array of six protein subunits constitutes a hemichannel; electrical synapses result from the docking of hemichannels in pre- and postsynaptic neurons. Some electrical synapses are bidirectional; others are rectifying junctions that preferentially transmit depolarizing current anterogradely. The phenomenon of rectification was first described five decades ago, but the molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that putative rectifying electrical synapses in the @entity0 Giant Fiber System are assembled from two products of the @entity2 gene @entity1 . @entity1 (Neural+16) is required presynaptically in the Giant Fiber to couple this cell to its postsynaptic targets that express @entity1 (Lethal). When expressed in vitro in neighboring cells, @entity1 (Neural+16) and @entity1 (Lethal) form heterotypic channels that are asymmetrically gated by voltage and exhibit classical rectification. These data provide the most definitive evidence to date that rectification is achieved by differential regulation of the pre- and postsynaptic elements of structurally asymmetric junctions.

title: Molecular mechanism of rectification at identified electrical synapses in the XXXX giant fiber system.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) should be surgically resected, even those smaller than 5  cm in size, which is the threshold of clinical @entity1 for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the gastrointestinal tract. This study reviewed the use of laparoscopic surgery for gastric partial resection of @entity2 or @entity1 that were suspected to be @entity2 . METHODS: Eighteen @entity0 underwent laparoscopic partial resection of the stomach for @entity2 or @entity1 . The @entity1 location was confirmed by intraluminal endoscopy. One-half of the circumference around the @entity1 was dissected, and the @entity1 was turned toward the abdominal cavity. The nonresected part of the @entity1 and the edge of the incision line was lifted up using forceps, and the incision line was closed using laparoscopic stapling devices. RESULTS: Two cases were diagnosed as @entity3 by endoscopic biopsy. Six @entity0 underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNAB) examinations, which diagnosed five @entity2 . There were 18 @entity1 smaller than 5  cm, including 10 @entity2 , 4 @entity5 , 3 @entity4 , and one heterotopic pancreas. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNAB is recommended for definite preoperative diagnosis of histopathologically unknown @entity1 to determine the indications for surgery. The laparoscopic approach with the assistance of endoscopy is useful for improving the curability, with minimal invasiveness for the partial resection of @entity2 .

title: Laparoscopic resection for XXXX in the stomach.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 carrying two pink-eyed dilution (p) locus heterozygous deletions represent a novel polygenic @entity1 model of @entity3 2 @entity0 associated with @entity2 . @entity9 , a putative @entity7 transporter on @entity1 chromosome 7, is a candidate for the phenotype. The phenotype is diet-induced. As a next logical step in the validation and characterization of the model, experiments to analyze metabolic abnormalities associated with these @entity1 were carried out. Results demonstrate that mutants (inheriting the p deletion maternally) heterozygous for @entity9 are hyperinsulinemic, insulin-resistant and have an altered insulin-stimulated response in peripheral tissues. Adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle are the targets, and @entity6 -mediated @entity4 uptake is the specific metabolic pathway associated with @entity9 deletion. Insulin resistance primarily affects the adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle, and the effect in the liver is secondary. Gene expression profiling using microarray and real-time PCR show significant changes in the expression of four genes-- @entity8 , @entity10 , @entity6 and @entity5 --involved in insulin signaling. The expression of @entity9 is also significantly altered in the adipose tissue and the soleus muscle. The most striking observation is the loss of @entity9 expression in the mutants, specifically in the soleus muscle, after eating the high-fat diet for 12 weeks. In conclusion, experiments suggest that the target genes and/or their cognate factors in conjunction with @entity9 presumably affect the normal translocation and sequestration of @entity6 in both the target tissues.

title: A @entity3 IV P- XXXX ATPase affects insulin-mediated @entity4 uptake in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 carrying two pink-eyed dilution (p) locus heterozygous deletions represent a novel polygenic @entity1 model of @entity3 2 @entity0 associated with @entity2 . @entity9 , a putative @entity7 transporter on @entity1 chromosome 7, is a candidate for the phenotype. The phenotype is diet-induced. As a next logical step in the validation and characterization of the model, experiments to analyze metabolic abnormalities associated with these @entity1 were carried out. Results demonstrate that mutants (inheriting the p deletion maternally) heterozygous for @entity9 are hyperinsulinemic, insulin-resistant and have an altered insulin-stimulated response in peripheral tissues. Adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle are the targets, and @entity6 -mediated @entity4 uptake is the specific metabolic pathway associated with @entity9 deletion. Insulin resistance primarily affects the adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle, and the effect in the liver is secondary. Gene expression profiling using microarray and real-time PCR show significant changes in the expression of four genes-- @entity8 , @entity10 , @entity6 and @entity5 --involved in insulin signaling. The expression of @entity9 is also significantly altered in the adipose tissue and the soleus muscle. The most striking observation is the loss of @entity9 expression in the mutants, specifically in the soleus muscle, after eating the high-fat diet for 12 weeks. In conclusion, experiments suggest that the target genes and/or their cognate factors in conjunction with @entity9 presumably affect the normal translocation and sequestration of @entity6 in both the target tissues.

title: A XXXX IV P- @entity3 ATPase affects insulin-mediated @entity4 uptake in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 carrying two pink-eyed dilution (p) locus heterozygous deletions represent a novel polygenic @entity1 model of @entity3 2 @entity0 associated with @entity2 . @entity9 , a putative @entity7 transporter on @entity1 chromosome 7, is a candidate for the phenotype. The phenotype is diet-induced. As a next logical step in the validation and characterization of the model, experiments to analyze metabolic abnormalities associated with these @entity1 were carried out. Results demonstrate that mutants (inheriting the p deletion maternally) heterozygous for @entity9 are hyperinsulinemic, insulin-resistant and have an altered insulin-stimulated response in peripheral tissues. Adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle are the targets, and @entity6 -mediated @entity4 uptake is the specific metabolic pathway associated with @entity9 deletion. Insulin resistance primarily affects the adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle, and the effect in the liver is secondary. Gene expression profiling using microarray and real-time PCR show significant changes in the expression of four genes-- @entity8 , @entity10 , @entity6 and @entity5 --involved in insulin signaling. The expression of @entity9 is also significantly altered in the adipose tissue and the soleus muscle. The most striking observation is the loss of @entity9 expression in the mutants, specifically in the soleus muscle, after eating the high-fat diet for 12 weeks. In conclusion, experiments suggest that the target genes and/or their cognate factors in conjunction with @entity9 presumably affect the normal translocation and sequestration of @entity6 in both the target tissues.

title: A @entity3 IV P- @entity3 ATPase affects insulin-mediated XXXX uptake in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 carrying two pink-eyed dilution (p) locus heterozygous deletions represent a novel polygenic @entity1 model of @entity3 2 @entity0 associated with @entity2 . @entity9 , a putative @entity7 transporter on @entity1 chromosome 7, is a candidate for the phenotype. The phenotype is diet-induced. As a next logical step in the validation and characterization of the model, experiments to analyze metabolic abnormalities associated with these @entity1 were carried out. Results demonstrate that mutants (inheriting the p deletion maternally) heterozygous for @entity9 are hyperinsulinemic, insulin-resistant and have an altered insulin-stimulated response in peripheral tissues. Adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle are the targets, and @entity6 -mediated @entity4 uptake is the specific metabolic pathway associated with @entity9 deletion. Insulin resistance primarily affects the adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle, and the effect in the liver is secondary. Gene expression profiling using microarray and real-time PCR show significant changes in the expression of four genes-- @entity8 , @entity10 , @entity6 and @entity5 --involved in insulin signaling. The expression of @entity9 is also significantly altered in the adipose tissue and the soleus muscle. The most striking observation is the loss of @entity9 expression in the mutants, specifically in the soleus muscle, after eating the high-fat diet for 12 weeks. In conclusion, experiments suggest that the target genes and/or their cognate factors in conjunction with @entity9 presumably affect the normal translocation and sequestration of @entity6 in both the target tissues.

title: A @entity3 IV P- @entity3 ATPase affects insulin-mediated @entity4 uptake in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: High doses of @entity2 antagonists and @entity8 are the treatment of choice in @entity6 when no @entity4 or mild @entity4 is present. In ca. 5-30% @entity0 this kind of treatment is not effective. We present five cases of @entity9 with @entity5 in @entity0 despite standard pharmacological treatment. These @entity0 also did not respond for intracoronary @entity10 injection. They were successfully treated with stent implantation in place of @entity6 . Our observations indicate that early enough interventional treatment prevent @entity3 . In one case in which stent placement was performed 12 h after clinical manifestation @entity3 with Q waves and enzymes release occurred. In others, accurately treated with stent implantation, @entity7 did not produce @entity1 . We did not see any clinical and biochemical evidence of @entity3 .

title: Coronary artery stent placement as a treatment of @entity5 in course of XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: High doses of @entity2 antagonists and @entity8 are the treatment of choice in @entity6 when no @entity4 or mild @entity4 is present. In ca. 5-30% @entity0 this kind of treatment is not effective. We present five cases of @entity9 with @entity5 in @entity0 despite standard pharmacological treatment. These @entity0 also did not respond for intracoronary @entity10 injection. They were successfully treated with stent implantation in place of @entity6 . Our observations indicate that early enough interventional treatment prevent @entity3 . In one case in which stent placement was performed 12 h after clinical manifestation @entity3 with Q waves and enzymes release occurred. In others, accurately treated with stent implantation, @entity7 did not produce @entity1 . We did not see any clinical and biochemical evidence of @entity3 .

title: Coronary artery stent placement as a treatment of XXXX in course of @entity9 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To monitor changes in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of the proximal tibia and the @entity2 in @entity0 with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture before and after arthroscopic reconstruction of the ligament, related to clinical data. TYPE OF STUDY: A 2-year prospective cohort study with assessment of @entity0 evaluation of knee performance, clinical scoring of surgical results, and measurement of @entity1 in the tibia and @entity2 . METHODS: Eighteen @entity0 with a unilateral ACL rupture underwent an autogenous bone-patellar tendon-bone graft ACL reconstruction. The @entity0 were examined before surgery and after 4, 12, and 24 months. @entity1 was assessed bilaterally in the proximal tibia and @entity2 using dual-photon absorptiometry and converted to a Z-score by use of @entity1 values from a group of healthy controls. Clinical evaluation included determination of Lysholm score, quantitative Lachman test, pivot-shift test, and the @entity0 ' self-reported highest level of activity and knee performance in sports and daily activities. RESULTS: There were significant declines in Z-score of the proximal tibia of the operated leg during the first year after surgery, whereas there was no change in the @entity2 and contralateral leg. In the lateral tibia, the Z-score was significantly lower at 24 months follow-up, compared with both controls and the noninjured side, whereas @entity1 of the medial tibia had returned to near normal levels. There were significant improvements in Lysholm score, highest level of activity, and knee performance in daily activities and sports. The @entity0 ' evaluation of improvement in knee performance in sports activities at 24 months follow-up was associated with an increase in Z-score of the injured leg. CONCLUSIONS: We found a partially reversible decline in @entity1 of the proximal tibia after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. Improvement in knee performance in sports activities was associated with an increase in @entity1 of the injured leg. @entity1 of the @entity2 remained unaffected in both legs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, therapeutic case control study.

title: Bone mineral density in the proximal tibia and XXXX before and after arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity2 and sciatica are major sources of disability. Many medical interventions are available, including manipulations, with conflicting results. PURPOSE: To assess the short- and long-term effects of spinal manipulations on @entity2 and sciatica with disc protrusion. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Randomized double-blind trial comparing active and simulated manipulations in rehabilitation medical centers in Rome and suburbs. @entity0 SAMPLE: 102 ambulatory @entity0 with at least moderate @entity1 on a visual analog scale for @entity1 (VAS1) and/or radiating @entity1 (VAS2). OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity1 -free @entity0 at end of treatment; treatment failure (proportion of @entity0 stopping the assigned treatment for lack of effect on @entity1 ); number of days with no, mild, moderate, or severe @entity1 ; quality of life; number of days on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; number of drug prescriptions; VAS1 and VAS2 scores; quality of life and psychosocial findings; and reduction of disc protrusion on magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: Manipulations or simulated manipulations were done 5 days per week by experienced chiropractors, with a number of sessions which depended on @entity1 relief or up to a maximum of 20, using a rapid thrust technique. @entity0 were assessed at admission and at 15, 30, 45, 90, and 180 days. At each visit, all indicators of @entity1 relief were used. RESULTS: A total of 64 @entity0 and 38 @entity0 aged 19-63 years were randomized to manipulations (53) or simulated manipulations (49). Manipulations appeared more effective on the basis of the percentage of @entity1 -free cases ( @entity1 28 vs. 6%; p<.005; radiating @entity1 55 vs. 20%; p<.0001), number of days with @entity1 (23.6 vs. 27.4; p<.005), and number of days with moderate or severe @entity1 (13.9 vs. 17.9; p<.05). @entity0 receiving manipulations had lower mean VAS1 (p<.0001) and VAS2 scores (p<.001). A significant interaction was found between therapeutic arm and time. There were no significant differences in quality of life and psychosocial scores. There were only two treatment failures (manipulation 1; simulated manipulation 1) and no adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Active manipulations have more effect than simulated manipulations on @entity1 relief for @entity2 and sciatica with disc protrusion.

title: Chiropractic manipulation in the treatment of XXXX and sciatica with disc protrusion: a randomized double-blind clinical trial of active and simulated spinal manipulations.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 due to @entity4 is a well-known complication of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Increasing evidence supports primary closing of the mesenteric defects, but controversy continues about surgical technique of systematic closure. This paper reviews our experience with @entity4 after @entity2 and describes a new method of preemptive closure of the mesenteric defects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two thousand four hundred seventy-two consecutive @entity0 undergoing @entity2 from September 2005 to June 2010 were entered into our prospective longitudinal database. The mesenteric defects were not closed. @entity0 entered a 5-year follow-up program, and all who subsequently presented with @entity4 were analyzed. A further 1,630 @entity0 operated on in the last 12 months were subjected to our new technique of closing the defects; data were entered in our own database as well as in the Scandinavian quality registry. Follow-up time for these @entity0 is limited. RESULTS: In the first group, 117 @entity0 developed an @entity4 (4.7%) at a mean interval after @entity2 of 13 (range, 4-43 months). Four @entity0 needed bowel resections because of severe @entity1 . There was one death associated with complication of the @entity4 . In the primary closure group, four @entity0 early in the series had reoperations for kinking of the enteroanastomosis. There have been no mesenteric haematomas encountered. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 should be ruled out in @entity0 with previous @entity2 and @entity3 . Our technique for primary closing of the mesenteric defects seems to be safe and is so far promising.

title: XXXX after gastric bypass: a new and simplified technique for laparoscopic primary closure of the mesenteric defects.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Risk factors for potentially fatal childhood @entity3 are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether self-reported @entity4 is significantly associated with potentially fatal childhood @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: Medical records from 72 @entity0 admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for asthmatic exacerbation were reviewed and compared in a case-control design with 2 randomly selected groups of 108 @entity0 admitted to a regular nursing floor for @entity3 and 108 ambulatory @entity0 with @entity3 . Factors evaluated included self-reported @entity4 , gender, age, poverty area residence, race/ethnicity, inhaled @entity1 exposure, @entity2 exposure, length of hospital stay, psychologic comorbidity, and season of admission. RESULTS: At least one @entity4 was documented for 13% (38/288) of the @entity0 . Egg, peanut, fish/shellfish, milk, and tree nut accounted for 78.6% of all @entity4 . @entity0 admitted to the PICU were significantly more likely to report @entity4 (p = 0.004) and 3.3 times more likely to report at least one @entity4 compared with @entity0 admitted to a regular nursing floor, and significantly more likely to report @entity4 (p < 0.001) and 7.4 times more likely to report at least one @entity4 compared with @entity0 seen in the ambulatory setting. @entity0 admitted to either the PICU or the regular nursing floor were significantly more likely be African-American (p < 0.001) and to be younger (p < 0.01) compared with @entity0 seen in the ambulatory setting. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported @entity4 is an independent risk factor for potentially fatal childhood @entity3 . Asthmatic @entity0 or adolescents with @entity4 are a target population for more aggressive @entity3 management.

title: XXXX is associated with potentially fatal childhood @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Risk factors for potentially fatal childhood @entity3 are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether self-reported @entity4 is significantly associated with potentially fatal childhood @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: Medical records from 72 @entity0 admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for asthmatic exacerbation were reviewed and compared in a case-control design with 2 randomly selected groups of 108 @entity0 admitted to a regular nursing floor for @entity3 and 108 ambulatory @entity0 with @entity3 . Factors evaluated included self-reported @entity4 , gender, age, poverty area residence, race/ethnicity, inhaled @entity1 exposure, @entity2 exposure, length of hospital stay, psychologic comorbidity, and season of admission. RESULTS: At least one @entity4 was documented for 13% (38/288) of the @entity0 . Egg, peanut, fish/shellfish, milk, and tree nut accounted for 78.6% of all @entity4 . @entity0 admitted to the PICU were significantly more likely to report @entity4 (p = 0.004) and 3.3 times more likely to report at least one @entity4 compared with @entity0 admitted to a regular nursing floor, and significantly more likely to report @entity4 (p < 0.001) and 7.4 times more likely to report at least one @entity4 compared with @entity0 seen in the ambulatory setting. @entity0 admitted to either the PICU or the regular nursing floor were significantly more likely be African-American (p < 0.001) and to be younger (p < 0.01) compared with @entity0 seen in the ambulatory setting. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported @entity4 is an independent risk factor for potentially fatal childhood @entity3 . Asthmatic @entity0 or adolescents with @entity4 are a target population for more aggressive @entity3 management.

title: @entity4 is associated with potentially fatal childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Meals disrupt the interdigestive pattern of small bowel motor activity and convert it into the more irregular postprandial pattern. Previous animal studies suggest that the duration of and contractile activity within the postprandial period depend on the chemical composition of a meal. It is not clear whether this is also true for @entity0 . In 8 healthy volunteers I investigated how physiological and isocaloric meals of different chemical composition affect small bowel motor activity. Volunteers underwent two separate, ambulatory 24-hour small bowel manometry studies. Volunteers had a total of four meals on the two study days. They ingested two identical fish meals rich in protein, a pasta meal rich in @entity2 , and a meat meal rich in fat. Records were analyzed visually for the reappearance of phase III of the migrating motor complex, and a validated computer program calculated the incidence of contractions during the postprandial period, as well as the amplitude and propagation of contractions. The durations of the postprandial periods were similar after the two protein meals (238 +/- 35 and 227 +/- 25 min), the @entity1 (220 +/- 23 min) and the fat meal (242 +/- 43 min). The incidence of contractions was not significantly different after the protein meals (1.6 +/- 0.3 and 1.0 +/- 0.2 contractions per min), the @entity1 meal (1.0 +/- 0.2 contractions per min) and the fat meal (1.5 +/- 0.2 contractions per min). The amplitude of contractions was similar after the protein meals (14 +/- 0.1 and 13 +/- 0.1 mmHg), the @entity1 meal (14 +/- 0.1 mmHg) and the fat meal (14 +/- 0.1 mmHg). Propagation of contractions was similar after the protein meals (13 +/- 3 and 18 +/- 3 %), after the @entity1 meal (15 +/- 2 %) and after the fat meal (13 +/- 2 %). Contractile activity within consecutive 30-min periods of the postprandial period was also not different between the meals. I conclude that physiological, isocaloric meals of different chemical composition elicit a similar postprandial motor response in the @entity0 small bowel.

title: Small bowel motor activity in response to physiological meals of different chemical composition in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to gain the first clinical experience with a new @entity1 clip prosthesis in stapes surgery, and to compare this model with its predecessor. We placed particular emphasis on the practicability of fixing the prosthesis to the long process of the incus and on the postoperative improvement in hearing. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: The study included 23 @entity0 who had a CliP Piston   Wengen fitted and 21 @entity0 with a Soft CliP Piston (both from Kurz Medizintechnik, Dusslingen, Germany). Air and bone conduction were tested preoperatively and 5 to 6 weeks after surgery in all @entity0 , as well as after about 1 year in a subgroup. RESULTS: We found a mean air-bone gap of 8.5 +/- 5.2 dB in the frequencies 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kHz for the @entity0 with a CliP Piston   Wengen at follow-up audiometry after an average of 31 days, and of 6.4 +/- 3.7 dB for 11 @entity0 after 412 days. The corresponding figures for @entity0 with Soft CliP Pistons were 8.9 +/- 4.1 dB after 44 days, and 6.3 +/- 5.6 dB for 10 @entity0 after 419 days. There were no statistically significant differences. All the prostheses were implanted without difficulty. CONCLUSIONS: The two stapes prostheses studied gave good early audiometric results that showed no difference. After a short learning period, both could be pushed onto the long process of the incus with similar ease, although subjectively the new design of the Soft CliP seemed to adapt better to the different diameters of the process and took up less space in the middle ear.

title: First experience with a new XXXX clip stapes prosthesis and a comparison with the earlier model used in stapes surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 or @entity6 can cause destruction of the epiphyseal region of the knee with premature partial bridging of the physis and deviation of length and @entity8 . There is only little information about tumorous lesions as pathogenetic factor for these deviations. We have been searching for an approach to take advantage of the particular growth potential in order to avoid further complex procedures. METHOD: We report the case of a 6-year-old @entity0 with progredient @entity3 of the left knee and reduction of walking distance. The X-ray and MRI investigations have shown a benign lesion like osteofibroma of the mediodistal femur with an affection of the medial physis. Because of the early and rapidly progredient deformity we planned an operative intervention, including the following two steps: 1) resection of the benign lesion and arthroscopically assisted resection of the bony bar with fat-patch interposition; 2) lateral hemiepiphyseodesis with an eight-plate. The histological examination revealed a @entity2 , which had caused the above-mentioned growth disturbance. During follow-up (clinical and radiological examinations every 3 months) we saw a nearly normal growth of the mediodistal femoral physis with consecutive correction of the axial deviation. RESULTS: With surgical intervention (resection and temporary lateral hemiepiphyseodesis) we achieved a complete deformity correction in reference to the opposite side within one year post operation. Removal of the eight-plate has already been accomplished. Follow-up will be continued until completion of growth. CONCLUSION: In cases of rare partial bridging of the physis induced by a @entity1 one can achieve early correction of axial deviation during growth with resection, interposition of a fat patch and @entity7 . With the help of such a procedure it is possible to prevent further progression of a pre-existing @entity5 .

title: [Partial physeal growth arrest with XXXX caused by a @entity2 --a case report].

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 or @entity6 can cause destruction of the epiphyseal region of the knee with premature partial bridging of the physis and deviation of length and @entity8 . There is only little information about tumorous lesions as pathogenetic factor for these deviations. We have been searching for an approach to take advantage of the particular growth potential in order to avoid further complex procedures. METHOD: We report the case of a 6-year-old @entity0 with progredient @entity3 of the left knee and reduction of walking distance. The X-ray and MRI investigations have shown a benign lesion like osteofibroma of the mediodistal femur with an affection of the medial physis. Because of the early and rapidly progredient deformity we planned an operative intervention, including the following two steps: 1) resection of the benign lesion and arthroscopically assisted resection of the bony bar with fat-patch interposition; 2) lateral hemiepiphyseodesis with an eight-plate. The histological examination revealed a @entity2 , which had caused the above-mentioned growth disturbance. During follow-up (clinical and radiological examinations every 3 months) we saw a nearly normal growth of the mediodistal femoral physis with consecutive correction of the axial deviation. RESULTS: With surgical intervention (resection and temporary lateral hemiepiphyseodesis) we achieved a complete deformity correction in reference to the opposite side within one year post operation. Removal of the eight-plate has already been accomplished. Follow-up will be continued until completion of growth. CONCLUSION: In cases of rare partial bridging of the physis induced by a @entity1 one can achieve early correction of axial deviation during growth with resection, interposition of a fat patch and @entity7 . With the help of such a procedure it is possible to prevent further progression of a pre-existing @entity5 .

title: [Partial physeal growth arrest with @entity3 caused by a XXXX --a case report].

answer: @entity2


abstract: In recent years the incidence in @entity9 is rising. The relation of cervical to @entity9 has shifted to almost 1:1. The peak of age distribution is between 50 and 60 years of age. @entity4 are @entity3 , @entity2 and @entity5 . The @entity9 has its precancerous stages. The pertinent estrogenic stimulus is probably significant for the development of @entity11 : @entity10 without atypias is known as an optional, that with atypia as an obligatory precancerous lesion. The range of morphologic variation extends from mature @entity9 with favorable prognosis to @entity1 with unfavorable outcome. Besides various other parameters of @entity1 the depths of infiltration into the myometrium is known to be significant. The leading sign of @entity9 is uterine @entity7 . The histological diagnosis is established by the examination of the tissue produced by curettage from the cervical canal and from the uterine cavity. A true early diagnosis--in comparison to the early detection of cervical @entity1 --does still not exist for @entity9 . Exfoliative cytology from the uterine cavity or ultrasonography does still not allow the final and definite diagnosis. Among the therapeutic alternatives abdominal hysterectomy in combination with bilateral adnexectomy plays the most important role. Depending from more specific morphologic criteria of a given case additional pelvic and paraaortic lymphnode-dissection is advised. Surgical therapy in general accounts for a 10 to 20 percent better survival. In @entity0 who cannot surgically be treated because of the local extension of the @entity1 or due to a general high risk situation the primary therapy is pelvic irradiation both by packing and percutaneously. Disseminated @entity1 , @entity6 in particular, respond well to large dosages of @entity12 , whereas combinations of cytostatics have failed to show favorable results, perhaps with the exception of those containing @entity8 . All @entity9 @entity0 need special posttreatment care, because early recurrences still have a certain chance of survival when recognized and appropriately treated.

title: [ XXXX and @entity1 of the endometrium].

answer: @entity11


abstract: In recent years the incidence in @entity9 is rising. The relation of cervical to @entity9 has shifted to almost 1:1. The peak of age distribution is between 50 and 60 years of age. @entity4 are @entity3 , @entity2 and @entity5 . The @entity9 has its precancerous stages. The pertinent estrogenic stimulus is probably significant for the development of @entity11 : @entity10 without atypias is known as an optional, that with atypia as an obligatory precancerous lesion. The range of morphologic variation extends from mature @entity9 with favorable prognosis to @entity1 with unfavorable outcome. Besides various other parameters of @entity1 the depths of infiltration into the myometrium is known to be significant. The leading sign of @entity9 is uterine @entity7 . The histological diagnosis is established by the examination of the tissue produced by curettage from the cervical canal and from the uterine cavity. A true early diagnosis--in comparison to the early detection of cervical @entity1 --does still not exist for @entity9 . Exfoliative cytology from the uterine cavity or ultrasonography does still not allow the final and definite diagnosis. Among the therapeutic alternatives abdominal hysterectomy in combination with bilateral adnexectomy plays the most important role. Depending from more specific morphologic criteria of a given case additional pelvic and paraaortic lymphnode-dissection is advised. Surgical therapy in general accounts for a 10 to 20 percent better survival. In @entity0 who cannot surgically be treated because of the local extension of the @entity1 or due to a general high risk situation the primary therapy is pelvic irradiation both by packing and percutaneously. Disseminated @entity1 , @entity6 in particular, respond well to large dosages of @entity12 , whereas combinations of cytostatics have failed to show favorable results, perhaps with the exception of those containing @entity8 . All @entity9 @entity0 need special posttreatment care, because early recurrences still have a certain chance of survival when recognized and appropriately treated.

title: [ @entity11 and XXXX of the endometrium].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3 ( @entity4 ) particles are a nonresorbable material that allows for permanent vocal fold augmentation. This study investigated morbidity and @entity1 in @entity0 treated for unilateral vocal fold paralysis by injection of @entity4 particles. METHODS: Fourteen @entity0 who had neurogenic unilateral vocal fold paralysis of different causes were included in this prospective study. Each @entity0 underwent videostroboscopic assessment before and after operation. Friedrich's @entity2 ( @entity2 ), a score system combining subjective and objective parameters, was used to describe @entity1 . A @entity2 of 0 reflects a normal voice, and a @entity2 of 3 stands for complete aphonia. The @entity4 particles were injected into the paraglottic space by microlaryngoscopy under general anesthesia. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 4.1 months. There was no complication attributable to the injection of @entity4 particles. The mean @entity2 was 2.8 before operation. After the operation, @entity1 improved significantly in each @entity0 , as reflected by a mean postinjection @entity2 of 1.4. CONCLUSIONS: Particles of @entity4 provide a relatively safe and minimally invasive option for permanent vocal fold augmentation. The functional results in terms of voice improvement are comparable to those obtained with other techniques, including thyroplasty. In the European Community, @entity4 particles are officially approved for use in the @entity0 larynx.

title: XXXX particles for permanent injection laryngoplasty.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a disorder characterized by a shortening of at least one of the cervical muscles and tilting of the head to the opposite side. The most commonly affected muscle is the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. An unusual case is presented here: a @entity2 @entity0 with involvement of the trapezius muscle in addition to the SCM muscle who has recently been treated at North Carolina Memorial Hospital. This @entity0 still has a slight @entity1 despite two surgical procedures, physical therapy, and splinting. A review of 41 @entity2 @entity0 who presented to this institution from 1952 to the present demonstrates that the disorder is extremely variable in terms of severity of @entity1 and response to various types of therapy. The condition will resolve spontaneously in the majority of @entity0 by the age of 1 year, and if the condition has not resolved by then, it is unlikely to do so without surgery. We therefore believe that surgery should be postponed until after 1 year of age. Most of the @entity0 requiring surgery are effectively treated by division of the involved muscle in at least one area with or without lengthening of the SCM muscle. Splinting and physical therapy are recommended postoperatively. A few @entity0 such as the unusual one with involvement of the trapezius muscle resist our most aggressive therapeutic efforts.

title: XXXX : a spectrum of pathology.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A study of the eyeball was carried out using a double frequency Doppler transducer in 31 @entity0 suffering from histologically confirmed @entity1 . These @entity0 were divided into 3 groups depending on the results of the ophthalmological examination: group A: 20 @entity0 ; normal ophthalmological exam, group B: 5 @entity0 ; non specific @entity4 , group C: 6 @entity0 ; ocular lesions specific to @entity1 ( @entity5 with @entity6 , dysoric nodules). Doppler examination demonstrated normal curves in the @entity0 in groups A and B. The mean amplitude of systolic peaks was 7.9 mm in group A and 10.3 mm in group B (P = NS). These data did not differ from those of a control population of 22 subjects not suffering from @entity1 . On the other hand, group C demonstrated important anomalies on Doppler examination: lack of ophthalmic signal in one case; marked dampening of curves in 4 cases; zones of turbulence in one @entity0 . The mean amplitude of systolic peaks was drastically decreased (1.8 mm). After steroid treatment, a significant increase in blood velocity was seen leading to a normalization of tracings in the majority of cases, including the @entity0 in group C. Doppler examination would appear capable of reliably assessing the risk of ophthalmic complications of @entity1 when @entity3 exist. On the other hand, @entity0 with normal Doppler curves may be considered to be at little risk. Subjects at high risk should be urgently treated with high doses of @entity2 and can be regularly monitored by repeated Doppler examination.

title: [Role of Doppler in the diagnosis of ophthalmic complications of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a dominantly @entity4 caused by germline defects of mismatch repair (MMR) genes. @entity3 is the most common extracolonic @entity1 in @entity2 and is the primary clinical manifestation of the syndrome in some families. The cumulative incidence of @entity3 among @entity2 mutation carriers is high, estimated to be from 22 to 43%. We hypothesized that @entity0 with double primary @entity1 of the colorectum and endometrium are likely to be members of @entity2 families. In order to determine how frequently @entity2 manifests in the context of double primary @entity1 , we examined alterations of two MMR genes, @entity5 and @entity6 , in 40 unrelated @entity0 affected with double primary @entity1 . These cases were identified using hospital-based and population-based @entity1 registries in Ontario, Canada. MMR gene mutations were screened by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and confirmed by direct sequencing. Eighteen percent (seven of 40) were found to harbor mutations of one of the two MMR genes. Analysis of @entity2 of mutation-negative probands found microsatellite instability in seven of 20 cases. Six of seven mutation-positive probands had strong family histories suggestive of @entity2 . First degree relatives of mutation-positive probands had a very high relative risk (RR) of @entity2 (RR = 8.1, CI 3. 5-15.9) and @entity3 (RR = 23.8, CI 6.4-61.0). The relative risk of mutation-negative cases was 2.8 (CI 1.7-4.5) for @entity2 and 5.4 (CI 2.0-11.7) for @entity3 . We recommend that all double primary @entity0 with @entity1 at these sites should have a genetic evaluation, including molecular analysis for @entity2 where appropriate.

title: Mismatch repair gene defects contribute to the genetic basis of double primary XXXX of the colorectum and endometrium.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is an X chromosome-linked @entity1 caused by heterogeneous mutations of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Although more than 900 mutations of @entity3 gene are reported in the HAMSTeRS database, the mutation data regarding the @entity3 gene in the Korean population is currently insufficient. The aim of this study was to profile the mutations of @entity3 in Korean @entity2 , 38 unrelated Korean @entity2 male @entity0 were examined. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the @entity0 . Long distance-PCR was performed for the identification of inversions in intron 22 and intron 1. Then gross exon deletion was examined to the inversion-negative @entity0 by multiplex-PCR. Finally, direct sequencing was performed on exons 1-26, 5'- and 3'-UTR. We identified 33 mutations from the 38 @entity0 . These included 15 inversions in intron 22 (39.5%), one inversion in intron 1 (2.6%), one gross exon deletion (2.6%), five deletions (13.2%), two insertions (5.3%), six missense (15.8%) and three nonsense mutations (7.9%). Mutation types for five @entity0 (13.2%) were not identified in this study. We determined that the most common defect in @entity3 in this study was an inversion mutation in intron 22; this is consistent with the findings of other studies. For the first time in Korean @entity2 , a @entity0 with intron 1 inversion was found. In addition, we report eight novel mutation types which never been reported in HAMSTeRS database. The mutation data in this study should prove useful as a reference for the diagnosis of @entity2 and the detection of carriers in the Korean population.

title: Profiling of XXXX mutations in Korean @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is an X chromosome-linked @entity1 caused by heterogeneous mutations of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Although more than 900 mutations of @entity3 gene are reported in the HAMSTeRS database, the mutation data regarding the @entity3 gene in the Korean population is currently insufficient. The aim of this study was to profile the mutations of @entity3 in Korean @entity2 , 38 unrelated Korean @entity2 male @entity0 were examined. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the @entity0 . Long distance-PCR was performed for the identification of inversions in intron 22 and intron 1. Then gross exon deletion was examined to the inversion-negative @entity0 by multiplex-PCR. Finally, direct sequencing was performed on exons 1-26, 5'- and 3'-UTR. We identified 33 mutations from the 38 @entity0 . These included 15 inversions in intron 22 (39.5%), one inversion in intron 1 (2.6%), one gross exon deletion (2.6%), five deletions (13.2%), two insertions (5.3%), six missense (15.8%) and three nonsense mutations (7.9%). Mutation types for five @entity0 (13.2%) were not identified in this study. We determined that the most common defect in @entity3 in this study was an inversion mutation in intron 22; this is consistent with the findings of other studies. For the first time in Korean @entity2 , a @entity0 with intron 1 inversion was found. In addition, we report eight novel mutation types which never been reported in HAMSTeRS database. The mutation data in this study should prove useful as a reference for the diagnosis of @entity2 and the detection of carriers in the Korean population.

title: Profiling of @entity3 mutations in Korean XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The authors discuss ten cases of occult @entity0 which presented initially as the @entity4 . All cases were proven as @entity3 . Both mammography and ultrasonography revealed the @entity2 in 3 cases, while in the remaining 7 cases malignant lumps were not visualized. Multiple studies to detect an extra mammary site proved to be negative. A concealed @entity0 was found in 9 @entity1 with careful sectioning of the resected breast specimens. Only one @entity1 in whom @entity0 could not be detected has survived well for 6 years after the mastectomy. Parasternal node involvement was not identified in all 7 @entity1 of who had received an extended radical mastectomy. Three @entity1 died of the disease within 45 mo. Seven @entity1 are free of recurrence for 1 to 10 years (average 6 1/2 Y). Prognosis of the @entity1 in this group are as good as and/or sometimes better than those of the @entity1 with axillary nodes pathologically positive.

title: [Occult XXXX presenting as an @entity4 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The authors discuss ten cases of occult @entity0 which presented initially as the @entity4 . All cases were proven as @entity3 . Both mammography and ultrasonography revealed the @entity2 in 3 cases, while in the remaining 7 cases malignant lumps were not visualized. Multiple studies to detect an extra mammary site proved to be negative. A concealed @entity0 was found in 9 @entity1 with careful sectioning of the resected breast specimens. Only one @entity1 in whom @entity0 could not be detected has survived well for 6 years after the mastectomy. Parasternal node involvement was not identified in all 7 @entity1 of who had received an extended radical mastectomy. Three @entity1 died of the disease within 45 mo. Seven @entity1 are free of recurrence for 1 to 10 years (average 6 1/2 Y). Prognosis of the @entity1 in this group are as good as and/or sometimes better than those of the @entity1 with axillary nodes pathologically positive.

title: [Occult @entity0 presenting as an XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a three-dimensional porous film of @entity0 hair keratin (HHK)-collagen sponge complex for use as a dermal substitute. METHODS: The three components F, B, and Z derived from healthy @entity0 hair were weaved into a meshwork and integrated with purified soluble type I collagen extracted from @entity2 tendons to prepare a highly porous film with vacuum freeze-drying followed by secondary cross-linking with @entity3 . The film was grafted beneath the dorsal skin in 21 SD @entity1 (experimental group), with simple collagen sponge serving as the negative control. The @entity1 receiving surgical operation but without graft served as the blank control. The graft and its surrounding tissue were harvested on days 3, 7 and at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 after implantation for evaluation of tissue compatibility, vascularization and degradation. RESULTS: The prepared collagen sponge film was semitransparent and porous. Three to 7 days after grafting, inflammatory reaction was relieved gradually, and several fibroblasts and blood vessels were found adherent to the grafts in the experimental groups. At week 4, the wounds healed in the experimental groups, and the fibroblasts were actively secreting collagen and the film degraded obviously with the appearance of elastic fibers. At weeks 6 and 8, new collagen fibers thickened and assumed regular arrangement, and the collagen sponge films disappeared completely. In the control groups, the changes were less obvious and total HHK degradation occurred till week 12. CONCLUSION: The degradable and absorbable HHK-collagen sponge film has relatively satisfactory tissue compatibility and can accelerate wound healing by stimulating cell proliferation and vascularization, showing the potential as an optimal dermal substitute.

title: Preparation and bioactivity of XXXX hair keratin-collagen sponge, a new type of dermal analogue.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an endocrine regulator of @entity4 and lipid metabolism as well as body growth. @entity8 levels are decreased and a unique pulsatile secretory pattern becomes obvious after puberty particularly in males. Coincidentally with this, males tend to deposit body fat. Experimental and clinical evidence has accumulated that @entity1 is associated with a decrease in @entity8 levels. A strain of transgenic @entity2 has been generated with severe @entity1 but normal nose-to-tail length, which has low circulating @entity8 levels without @entity3 ( @entity0 @entity6 (hGH) transgenic @entity2 ). The present review mainly focuses on recent and current work analysing the relationship between the occurrence of @entity1 and low @entity8 levels and/or the absence of @entity8 @entity3 in this transgenic animal model. This model has elevated blood @entity4 , non-esterified @entity5 , insulin and leptin levels associated with @entity7 , suggesting that these @entity2 also carry insulin- and leptin-resistant characteristics. hGH transgenic @entity2 were subjected to a pair-feeding treatment to normalize food intake and chronic @entity8 replacement to normalize @entity8 levels. While the pair-feeding for 8 weeks successfully suppressed body-weight gain, the fat pad : body weight ratio remained very similar to freely-eating control hGH transgenic @entity2 , which indicates the @entity7 is not the sole contributor to the excess fat accumulation in this model. However, continuous elevation of peripheral hGH levels (approximately 2-fold) for 8 weeks by means of a slow-release vehicle resulted in a significant decrease in the fat mass : body weight ratios by 30 %. This @entity8 treatment altered neither food intake nor body-weight gain. Thus, two characteristic phenotypes observed in the hGH transgenic @entity2 , @entity7 and @entity1 , seem to be closely related to @entity8 levels and @entity8 secretory pattern. This relationship might be working in the regulation of changes in seasonal body composition in wild animals.

title: Effects of pulsatile secretion of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) on fat deposition in XXXX @entity6 transgenic @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an endocrine regulator of @entity4 and lipid metabolism as well as body growth. @entity8 levels are decreased and a unique pulsatile secretory pattern becomes obvious after puberty particularly in males. Coincidentally with this, males tend to deposit body fat. Experimental and clinical evidence has accumulated that @entity1 is associated with a decrease in @entity8 levels. A strain of transgenic @entity2 has been generated with severe @entity1 but normal nose-to-tail length, which has low circulating @entity8 levels without @entity3 ( @entity0 @entity6 (hGH) transgenic @entity2 ). The present review mainly focuses on recent and current work analysing the relationship between the occurrence of @entity1 and low @entity8 levels and/or the absence of @entity8 @entity3 in this transgenic animal model. This model has elevated blood @entity4 , non-esterified @entity5 , insulin and leptin levels associated with @entity7 , suggesting that these @entity2 also carry insulin- and leptin-resistant characteristics. hGH transgenic @entity2 were subjected to a pair-feeding treatment to normalize food intake and chronic @entity8 replacement to normalize @entity8 levels. While the pair-feeding for 8 weeks successfully suppressed body-weight gain, the fat pad : body weight ratio remained very similar to freely-eating control hGH transgenic @entity2 , which indicates the @entity7 is not the sole contributor to the excess fat accumulation in this model. However, continuous elevation of peripheral hGH levels (approximately 2-fold) for 8 weeks by means of a slow-release vehicle resulted in a significant decrease in the fat mass : body weight ratios by 30 %. This @entity8 treatment altered neither food intake nor body-weight gain. Thus, two characteristic phenotypes observed in the hGH transgenic @entity2 , @entity7 and @entity1 , seem to be closely related to @entity8 levels and @entity8 secretory pattern. This relationship might be working in the regulation of changes in seasonal body composition in wild animals.

title: Effects of pulsatile secretion of XXXX ( @entity6 ) on fat deposition in @entity0 @entity6 transgenic @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an endocrine regulator of @entity4 and lipid metabolism as well as body growth. @entity8 levels are decreased and a unique pulsatile secretory pattern becomes obvious after puberty particularly in males. Coincidentally with this, males tend to deposit body fat. Experimental and clinical evidence has accumulated that @entity1 is associated with a decrease in @entity8 levels. A strain of transgenic @entity2 has been generated with severe @entity1 but normal nose-to-tail length, which has low circulating @entity8 levels without @entity3 ( @entity0 @entity6 (hGH) transgenic @entity2 ). The present review mainly focuses on recent and current work analysing the relationship between the occurrence of @entity1 and low @entity8 levels and/or the absence of @entity8 @entity3 in this transgenic animal model. This model has elevated blood @entity4 , non-esterified @entity5 , insulin and leptin levels associated with @entity7 , suggesting that these @entity2 also carry insulin- and leptin-resistant characteristics. hGH transgenic @entity2 were subjected to a pair-feeding treatment to normalize food intake and chronic @entity8 replacement to normalize @entity8 levels. While the pair-feeding for 8 weeks successfully suppressed body-weight gain, the fat pad : body weight ratio remained very similar to freely-eating control hGH transgenic @entity2 , which indicates the @entity7 is not the sole contributor to the excess fat accumulation in this model. However, continuous elevation of peripheral hGH levels (approximately 2-fold) for 8 weeks by means of a slow-release vehicle resulted in a significant decrease in the fat mass : body weight ratios by 30 %. This @entity8 treatment altered neither food intake nor body-weight gain. Thus, two characteristic phenotypes observed in the hGH transgenic @entity2 , @entity7 and @entity1 , seem to be closely related to @entity8 levels and @entity8 secretory pattern. This relationship might be working in the regulation of changes in seasonal body composition in wild animals.

title: Effects of pulsatile secretion of @entity6 ( XXXX ) on fat deposition in @entity0 @entity6 transgenic @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an endocrine regulator of @entity4 and lipid metabolism as well as body growth. @entity8 levels are decreased and a unique pulsatile secretory pattern becomes obvious after puberty particularly in males. Coincidentally with this, males tend to deposit body fat. Experimental and clinical evidence has accumulated that @entity1 is associated with a decrease in @entity8 levels. A strain of transgenic @entity2 has been generated with severe @entity1 but normal nose-to-tail length, which has low circulating @entity8 levels without @entity3 ( @entity0 @entity6 (hGH) transgenic @entity2 ). The present review mainly focuses on recent and current work analysing the relationship between the occurrence of @entity1 and low @entity8 levels and/or the absence of @entity8 @entity3 in this transgenic animal model. This model has elevated blood @entity4 , non-esterified @entity5 , insulin and leptin levels associated with @entity7 , suggesting that these @entity2 also carry insulin- and leptin-resistant characteristics. hGH transgenic @entity2 were subjected to a pair-feeding treatment to normalize food intake and chronic @entity8 replacement to normalize @entity8 levels. While the pair-feeding for 8 weeks successfully suppressed body-weight gain, the fat pad : body weight ratio remained very similar to freely-eating control hGH transgenic @entity2 , which indicates the @entity7 is not the sole contributor to the excess fat accumulation in this model. However, continuous elevation of peripheral hGH levels (approximately 2-fold) for 8 weeks by means of a slow-release vehicle resulted in a significant decrease in the fat mass : body weight ratios by 30 %. This @entity8 treatment altered neither food intake nor body-weight gain. Thus, two characteristic phenotypes observed in the hGH transgenic @entity2 , @entity7 and @entity1 , seem to be closely related to @entity8 levels and @entity8 secretory pattern. This relationship might be working in the regulation of changes in seasonal body composition in wild animals.

title: Effects of pulsatile secretion of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) on fat deposition in @entity0 XXXX transgenic @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an endocrine regulator of @entity4 and lipid metabolism as well as body growth. @entity8 levels are decreased and a unique pulsatile secretory pattern becomes obvious after puberty particularly in males. Coincidentally with this, males tend to deposit body fat. Experimental and clinical evidence has accumulated that @entity1 is associated with a decrease in @entity8 levels. A strain of transgenic @entity2 has been generated with severe @entity1 but normal nose-to-tail length, which has low circulating @entity8 levels without @entity3 ( @entity0 @entity6 (hGH) transgenic @entity2 ). The present review mainly focuses on recent and current work analysing the relationship between the occurrence of @entity1 and low @entity8 levels and/or the absence of @entity8 @entity3 in this transgenic animal model. This model has elevated blood @entity4 , non-esterified @entity5 , insulin and leptin levels associated with @entity7 , suggesting that these @entity2 also carry insulin- and leptin-resistant characteristics. hGH transgenic @entity2 were subjected to a pair-feeding treatment to normalize food intake and chronic @entity8 replacement to normalize @entity8 levels. While the pair-feeding for 8 weeks successfully suppressed body-weight gain, the fat pad : body weight ratio remained very similar to freely-eating control hGH transgenic @entity2 , which indicates the @entity7 is not the sole contributor to the excess fat accumulation in this model. However, continuous elevation of peripheral hGH levels (approximately 2-fold) for 8 weeks by means of a slow-release vehicle resulted in a significant decrease in the fat mass : body weight ratios by 30 %. This @entity8 treatment altered neither food intake nor body-weight gain. Thus, two characteristic phenotypes observed in the hGH transgenic @entity2 , @entity7 and @entity1 , seem to be closely related to @entity8 levels and @entity8 secretory pattern. This relationship might be working in the regulation of changes in seasonal body composition in wild animals.

title: Effects of pulsatile secretion of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) on fat deposition in @entity0 @entity6 transgenic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2 is one of the main features of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), although it is not described in depth. To determine the spectrum of @entity2 , we studied its main characteristics. METHODS: Based on clinical charts, we retrospectively analyzed the evolution of electroclinical features of 12 @entity0 with confirmed @entity7 . RESULTS: @entity2 could be divided into three periods: (a) an early stage (median age, 3 months), characterized by focal clonic @entity1 , usually triggered by fever (10 @entity0 ). Ictal EEG showed runs of slow spike-waves and slow waves in the posterior regions, and interictal EEG multifocal and polymorphic slow waves (three cases), or mixed slow spike-waves and slow waves (seven cases). Partial @entity3 control was obtained in nine @entity0 during 5.9 months; (b) an intermediate stage (median age, 10 months) with @entity4 (11 @entity0 ) in which interictal EEG demonstrated modified @entity4 (seven cases), diffuse irregular slow waves and spike-waves (four cases). Six @entity0 died at the median age of 15 months; and (c) a late stage in the six remaining @entity0 (median age, 25 months), with multifocal @entity3 , @entity6 , and @entity5 in four @entity0 , whereas two @entity0 became @entity3 free. Interictal EEG showed multifocal high-amplitude activity, mixed with irregular slow waves in all six cases. These @entity0 died at the median age of 3.6 years. CONCLUSIONS: Based on a relatively large series of @entity7 @entity0 with a quite prolonged survival, we individualized three successive periods in the course of @entity2 : early focal status, then @entity4 , and then @entity5 and multifocal @entity2 after age 2 years.

title: XXXX : analysis of clinical stages.

answer: @entity2