abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of bacterial species are capable of growing in various life history modes that enable their survival and persistence in both @entity0 as well as in biofilm communities. Mechanisms contributing to either @entity2 or biofilm persistence and survival can be carefully delineated using multiple differential techniques (e.g., genomics and transcriptomics). In this study, we present both proteomic and metabolomic analyses of @entity5 biofilms, demonstrating the potential for combined differential studies for elucidating life-history switches important for establishing the mutualism through biofilm formation and host colonization. METHODS: The study used a metabolomics/proteomics or "meta-proteomics" approach, referring to the combined protein and metabolic data analysis that bridges the gap between phenotypic changes ( @entity2 to biofilm formation) with genotypic changes (reflected in protein/metabolic profiles). Our methods used protein shotgun construction, followed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) detection and quantification for both free-living and biofilm forming @entity5 . RESULTS: We present a time-resolved picture of approximately 100 proteins (2D-PAGE and shotgun proteomics) and 200 metabolites that are present during the transition from planktonic growth to community biofilm formation. Proteins involved in stress response, DNA repair damage, and transport appeared to be highly expressed during the biofilm state. In addition, metabolites detected in biofilms correspond to components of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) matrix ( @entity4 and @entity1 -derived). Alterations in metabolic enzymes were paralleled by more pronounced changes in concentration of intermediates from the glycolysis pathway as well as several @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: This combined analysis of both types of information (proteins, metabolites) has provided a more complete picture of the biochemical processes of biofilm formation and what determines the switch between the two life history strategies. The reported findings have broad implications for Vibrio biofilm ecology, and mechanisms for successful survival in the host and environment.

title: Proteomic and metabolomic profiles demonstrate variation among free-living and symbiotic XXXX biofilms.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Rank relations of more than 100 juvenile and subadult natal @entity2 males were analyzed. Hierarchical relations among individuals of the same age were established early during the first year of life. With few exceptions concerning @entity0 from very high-ranking genealogies, males dominated female peers regardless of maternal rank. Males started to outrank females from older cohorts during the second year of life and completed the process of rank reversal with adult females at 5-6 years of age. An age-graded dominance pattern existed among males from different birth cohorts. Only 3 rank reversals between males from different cohorts were observed. Rank reversals among males of the same birth cohort occurred more frequently. Rank position of a male among his male peers was influenced by birth order, by maternal rank, and by the presence of juvenile brothers. Most males without juvenile brothers had low positions, regardless of maternal rank. Males born late in the birth season were also low-ranking, even when juvenile brothers were present. There was no cohort where ranking among males was determined by maternal rank alone, as is the case in @entity1 and Japanese macaques. Adult/subadult male carriers had no noticeable effect on rank positions of 'their' @entity0 . It is suggested that a weaker influence of @entity2 mothers on rank of their sons is related to very early integration of male @entity0 in male social/play groups.

title: Rank relations of juvenile and subadult natal males of XXXX ( @entity2 ) at Affenberg Salem.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Rank relations of more than 100 juvenile and subadult natal @entity2 males were analyzed. Hierarchical relations among individuals of the same age were established early during the first year of life. With few exceptions concerning @entity0 from very high-ranking genealogies, males dominated female peers regardless of maternal rank. Males started to outrank females from older cohorts during the second year of life and completed the process of rank reversal with adult females at 5-6 years of age. An age-graded dominance pattern existed among males from different birth cohorts. Only 3 rank reversals between males from different cohorts were observed. Rank reversals among males of the same birth cohort occurred more frequently. Rank position of a male among his male peers was influenced by birth order, by maternal rank, and by the presence of juvenile brothers. Most males without juvenile brothers had low positions, regardless of maternal rank. Males born late in the birth season were also low-ranking, even when juvenile brothers were present. There was no cohort where ranking among males was determined by maternal rank alone, as is the case in @entity1 and Japanese macaques. Adult/subadult male carriers had no noticeable effect on rank positions of 'their' @entity0 . It is suggested that a weaker influence of @entity2 mothers on rank of their sons is related to very early integration of male @entity0 in male social/play groups.

title: Rank relations of juvenile and subadult natal males of @entity2 ( XXXX ) at Affenberg Salem.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Placental @entity1 is one of the etiological factors of pregnancy induced @entity3 (PIH), however, the pathogenesis of placental and @entity0 has not been clarified. The purposes of this investigation are (1) to clarify the fetomaternal hemodynamic changes in PIH and the influence of maternal postural change on fetomaternal hemodynamics, measured by thermodilution method, impedance cardiography and pulsed doppler method during pregnancy, (2) to provide to relationship between intrauterine resting tonus and maternal hemodynamics, that is, blood pressure, placental and renal blood flow measured by electromagnetic flowmeter and thermocouple method, and @entity0 , and (3) to study the influence of placental @entity1 on vascular sensitivity to angiotensin II measured by Magnus method in animal experiment. (1) The increase in C.O and blood volume were recognized from the beginning of pregnancy to 24 GW, and subsequently, the decreasing tendency were found from about 32 GW to the onset of labor. However this decreasing tendency were subsided in the lateral position. These circulatory changes were observed in both normotensive and PIH cases, and especially, the decrease in C.O and blood volume in late pregnancy were more remarkable in PIH than that in normotensive pregnancy. From the results of Starling curve, left ventricular work was more hyperdynamic status in PIH than that in normotensive pregnancy, these results show that there are a compensatory mechanism against high vascular resistance in PIH. A/B (S/D) ratio in uterine artery, umbilical artery and fetal aorta were lowered in II-nd and III-rd trimester and more decreased in the lateral position from the supine position, on the other hand these ratio in PIH were elevated respectively. These results show that there are the aortocaval compression by the heavy tensive uterus and subsequent sluice flow mechanism in fetoplacental circulation in the supine position in late pregnancy. (2) These vascular compression were recognized very often in PIH accompanying with increasing in uterine resting tonus. It was recognized in pregnant @entity2 that an increase in uterine resting tonus in the ovarian side caused an increasing blood pressure, a decrease in renal and placental blood flow and an increase in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). After resection of the suspensory ligament of ovarii, an increase in resting tonus in the ovarian side did not only cause an increase in RSNA, but also a decrease in renal blood flow.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [Clinical and experimental studies on the pathogenesis in pregnancy induced XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) are common, benign, fibrohistiocytic @entity1 of the skin. Clinically, if they present in a rapid succession, they are termed multiple eruptive @entity7 . When they arise in a localized distribution, they are termed multiple clustered @entity7 (MCDFs). These DF variants are rare, and the subtype of multiple eruptive @entity7 has been associated with @entity4 , @entity6 , pregnancy, @entity3 , and @entity2 . Conversely, there is a paucity of published clinical associations with MCDF. METHODS: A 23-year-old white @entity0 with @entity2 presented with a 7-year history of multiple, asymptomatic, firm, brown, and violaceous papules clustered on the right hip. RESULTS: Histopathologic examination of the biopsies demonstrated acanthotic epidermis, proliferation of cytologically bland fibrohistiocytic spindle cells in a fascicular pattern in the dermis, and collagen trapping on the periphery. Immunohistochemistry was focally positive for @entity8 and negative for @entity5 , thus supporting the clinical diagnosis of MCDF. CONCLUSIONS: A case of MCDF associated with @entity2 is presented. To date, there have been greater than 25 reported cases of MCDF, but only one other publication has described an associated systemic comorbidity.

title: Multiple Clustered XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study whether immunohistochemical detection of germ cell @entity1 in situ (GCNIS) in AgarCytos, made of the remnants of the testicular sperm extraction (TESE) specimen, is equally accurate as in a standard testicular biopsy. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study performed between January 2013 and May  2014. SETTING: University hospital. @entity0 (S): All @entity0 with nonobstructive @entity4 (n = 197) undergoing a urological work-up followed by a unilateral or bilateral TESE for fertility treatment were consecutively included. INTERVENTION(S): An AgarCyto was made of the remnants of these TESE biopsies. Simultaneously a standard testicular biopsy was performed. For all cases a routine @entity2 - @entity3 (H _ E) staining was performed as well as immunohistochemistry ( @entity6 and @entity5 ) to detect GCNIS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The presence or absence of GCNIS in the TESE-AgarCyto and standard testicular biopsy. RESULT(S): Six @entity0 (3.0%) were diagnosed with a germ cell (pre)malignancy by immunohistochemistry. No cases were encountered in which the TESE-AgarCyto was negative, whereas the standard testicular biopsy was positive for GCNIS. In one case the TESE-AgarCyto detected a premalignancy that was missed by standard testicular biopsy. Unfortunately a standard testicular biopsy was not available for direct comparison in 50% of the GCNIS-positive @entity0 due to various reasons. CONCLUSION(S): Because GCNIS is heterogeneously distributed in the testis, the TESE-AgarCyto can diagnose GCNIS even when the standard testicular biopsy is negative. Direct comparison of accuracy, however, is not reliable due to the low prevalence of GCNIS and the lack of a standard biopsy when an orchidectomy was performed simultaneously with TESE.

title: Beneficial value of testicular sperm  extraction-AgarCyto in addition to the standard testicular biopsy for diagnosis of testicular germ cell tumors in nonobstructive XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Synthetic random copolymers based on the nylon-3 (b-peptide) backbone show promise as inexpensive antimicrobial agents resistant to proteolysis. We present a time-resolved observational study of the attack of a particular copolymer MM63:CHx37 on single, live @entity2 cells. The composition and chain length of MM63:CHx37 (63% cationic subunits, 37% hydrophobic subunits, 35-subunit average length) were optimized to enhance antibacterial activity while minimizing lysis of @entity0 red blood cells. For @entity2 cells that export GFP to the periplasm, we obtain alternating phase-contrast and green fluorescence images with a time resolution of 12 s over 60 min following initiation of copolymer flow. Within seconds, cells shrink and exhibit the same plasmolysis spaces that occur following abrupt external osmotic upshift. The osmoprotection machinery attempts to replenish cytoplasmic water, but recovery is interrupted by permeabilization of the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) to GFP. Evidently, the highly cationic copolymer and its counterions rapidly translocate across the outer membrane without permeabilizing it to GFP. The @entity1 permeabilization event is spatially localized. Cells whose @entity1 has been permeabilized never recover growth. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for cells lacking the osmolyte importer ProP is 4-fold smaller than for normal cells, suggesting that osmoprotection is an important survival strategy. In addition, at the time of @entity1 permeabilization, we observe evidence of oxidative stress. The MIC under anaerobic conditions is at least 8-fold larger than under aerobic conditions, further implicating oxidative damage as an important bacteriostatic effect. Once the copolymer reaches the periplasm, multiple growth-halting mechanisms proceed in parallel.

title: Single-Cell, Time-Resolved Antimicrobial Effects of a Highly Cationic, Random Nylon-3 Copolymer on Live XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Data analysis was performed in a prospective study of clinical symptoms and findings in 500 @entity0 with @entity3 . The symptoms and findings in these @entity0 met the usual definitions of the disease. At initial examination the @entity0 were questioned in a standardized manner; symptoms and associated health problems were reviewed. Some @entity0 were unable to answer all of the questions. Of the @entity0 274 (55%) were @entity0 and 226 (45%) were @entity0 , with a race distribution of 21 (4%) black, 47 (9%) Hispanic, 26 (5%) Oriental, three (1%) American Indian, and 403 (81%) white. Sixty-nine @entity0 reported no symptoms of @entity4 and 116 @entity0 claimed no visual field changes; 90 stated that they saw better at dusk. The most common problem noted by 263 (53.3%) was @entity1 , 31 on a daily basis, 42 at least weekly, 124 infrequently, and the remainder nonspecifically. Numbness or tingling, mainly in extremities, was reported by 99 @entity0 . The second most common problem affecting 170 @entity0 (34.6%) was light flashes; since eight @entity0 had @entity2 , light flashes cannot be totally discounted. Of 143 @entity0 who had been pregnant, 14 had visual changes.

title: Clinical findings and common symptoms in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is considered a terminal and incurable disease. In the last 30  years, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) radically changed the therapeutic approach for these @entity0 and is regarded as the standard of care for @entity7 from @entity1 and peritoneal @entity8 . Improved survival has also been reported in treating PM from @entity2 . However, PM often seriously complicates the clinical course of @entity0 with other primary digestive and non-digestive cancers. There is increasing literature evidence that helped to identify not only the @entity1 for which @entity6 and HIPEC showed a survival advantage but also the @entity0 who may benefit form this treatment modality for the potential lethal complications. Our goal is to report our experience with cytoreduction and HIPEC in @entity0 with PM from rare or unusual @entity1 , discussing possible "unconventional" indications, outcome, and the peculiar issues related to each @entity1 . METHODS: From a series of 253 consecutive @entity0 with a diagnosis of peritoneal @entity4 and treated by @entity6 and HIPEC, we selected only those with @entity5 from rare or unusual @entity1 , excluding @entity7 , peritoneal @entity8 , @entity2 . Complications and adverse effects were graded from 0 to 5 according to the WHO Common @entity3 Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Survival was expressed as mean and median. RESULTS: We admitted and treated by @entity6 and HIPEC 28 @entity0 with @entity5 from rare or unusual @entity1 . Morbidity and mortality rates were in line with those reported for similar procedures. Median survival for the study group was 56  months, and 5-year overall survival reached 40.3  %, with a difference between @entity0 with no (CC0) and minimal ( @entity9 ) residual disease (52.3 vs. 25.7), not reaching statistical significance. Ten @entity0 are alive disease-free, and eight are alive with disease. CONCLUSIONS: Cytoreduction and HIPEC should not be excluded "a priori" for the treatment of peritoneal metastases from unconventional @entity1 . This combined therapeutic approach, performed in an experienced center, is safe and can provide a survival benefit over conventional palliative treatments.

title: Cytoreduction and HIPEC in the treatment of "unconventional" XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To adapt a tailored @entity1 ( @entity1 ) text message smoking cessation intervention (MiQuit) for use without active health professional endorsement in routine antenatal care settings, to estimate 'real-world' uptake and test the feasibility of its use. DESIGN: Single-site service evaluation. SETTING: A Nottinghamshire (UK) antenatal clinic. @entity0 : Pregnant @entity0 accessing the antenatal clinic (N=1750) over 6   months. INTERVENTION: A single-sheet A5 leaflet provided in the @entity0 's maternity notes folder describing the MiQuit text service. Similar materials were left on clinic desks and noticeboards. OUTCOME MEASURES: MiQuit activation requests and system interactions were logged for two time frames: 6   months (strict) and 8   months (extended). Local hospital data were used to estimate the denominator of pregnant smokers exposed to the materials. RESULTS: During the strict and extended time frames, 13 and 25 activation requests were received, representing 3% (95% CI 2% to 5%) and 4% (95% CI 3% to 6%) of estimated smokers, respectively. Only 11 (44%) of the 25 requesting activation sent a correctly formatted initiation text. Of those activating MiQuit, and invited to complete tailoring questions (used to tailor support), 6 (67%) completed all 12 questions by text or website and 5 (56%) texted a quit date to the system. Of the 11 activating MiQuit, 5 (45%, 95% CI 21% to 72%) stopped the programme prematurely. CONCLUSIONS: A low-intensity, cheap cessation intervention promoted at very low cost, resulted in a small but potentially impactful uptake rate by pregnant smokers.

title: Adaptation and uptake evaluation of an XXXX text message smoking cessation programme (MiQuit) for use in antenatal care.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 53-year-old @entity0 was admitted with epigastric discomfort and @entity6 . Laboratory examination at admission showed mild @entity5 and @entity9 . Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed marked @entity2 , diffuse nodularity and granular appearance with @entity1 . Biopsy was performed on the antrum and body of the stomach. On the next day, the @entity0 began to complain of severe @entity12 , and @entity7 was present on pulse oximetry. Therefore, emergency echocardiography was conducted and it showed @entity3 along with @entity11 in the left atrium. With time, @entity10 was aggravated despite intensive management. The result of gastric biopsy revealed @entity8 which stained positively with Congo red. On immunohistochemistry study, kappa and lambda chain were present. In addition, kappa chain was significantly elevated in urine and serum on electrophoresis. Although the @entity0 was finally diagnosed as having primary @entity4 with @entity3 , her general condition rapidly deteriorated and died at 12th hospital day. When obscure @entity13 is encountered, performing gastric biopsy is strongly recommended since it be primary @entity4 . Herein, we present an unusual case of primary @entity4 .

title: [A Case of Primary @entity4 with Fulminant XXXX ].

answer: @entity10


abstract: A 53-year-old @entity0 was admitted with epigastric discomfort and @entity6 . Laboratory examination at admission showed mild @entity5 and @entity9 . Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed marked @entity2 , diffuse nodularity and granular appearance with @entity1 . Biopsy was performed on the antrum and body of the stomach. On the next day, the @entity0 began to complain of severe @entity12 , and @entity7 was present on pulse oximetry. Therefore, emergency echocardiography was conducted and it showed @entity3 along with @entity11 in the left atrium. With time, @entity10 was aggravated despite intensive management. The result of gastric biopsy revealed @entity8 which stained positively with Congo red. On immunohistochemistry study, kappa and lambda chain were present. In addition, kappa chain was significantly elevated in urine and serum on electrophoresis. Although the @entity0 was finally diagnosed as having primary @entity4 with @entity3 , her general condition rapidly deteriorated and died at 12th hospital day. When obscure @entity13 is encountered, performing gastric biopsy is strongly recommended since it be primary @entity4 . Herein, we present an unusual case of primary @entity4 .

title: [A Case of Primary XXXX with Fulminant @entity10 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Texture deterioration often negatively affects sensory attributes and commercial values of ice-stored fish fillets. The mechanism of softening of fish fillets during chilling storage is not fully resolved. @entity3 is a predominant freshwater fish species in China. The objective of the present study was to investigate the differential role of endogenous cathepsin and microorganisms in texture softening of ice-stored @entity3 fillets. RESULTS: The fillets were immersed in either @entity1 solution to reduce microbial activity or to @entity2 solution to exclude cathepsin activity before ice-storage. Treatment with @entity1 reduced microbial load of fillets below 2 log CFU g(-1) muscle during the entire storage period, and had no significant influence on the cathepsin activity and proteolysis. But the shear force of fillets treated with @entity1 decreased by 66% after 21 days of storage. Meanwhile, treatment with @entity2 inactivated cathepsin B and B+L but did not significantly affect the microbial growth of fillets. Compared to @entity1 treatment, @entity2 effectively alleviated softening and inhibited the increase in @entity0 -soluble peptides during storage. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that proteolysis induced by endogenous cathepsins, rather than microorganisms, plays an important role in texture softening of ice-stored @entity3 fillets.

title: Differential role of endogenous cathepsin and microorganism in texture softening of ice-stored XXXX ( @entity3 ) fillets.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Texture deterioration often negatively affects sensory attributes and commercial values of ice-stored fish fillets. The mechanism of softening of fish fillets during chilling storage is not fully resolved. @entity3 is a predominant freshwater fish species in China. The objective of the present study was to investigate the differential role of endogenous cathepsin and microorganisms in texture softening of ice-stored @entity3 fillets. RESULTS: The fillets were immersed in either @entity1 solution to reduce microbial activity or to @entity2 solution to exclude cathepsin activity before ice-storage. Treatment with @entity1 reduced microbial load of fillets below 2 log CFU g(-1) muscle during the entire storage period, and had no significant influence on the cathepsin activity and proteolysis. But the shear force of fillets treated with @entity1 decreased by 66% after 21 days of storage. Meanwhile, treatment with @entity2 inactivated cathepsin B and B+L but did not significantly affect the microbial growth of fillets. Compared to @entity1 treatment, @entity2 effectively alleviated softening and inhibited the increase in @entity0 -soluble peptides during storage. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that proteolysis induced by endogenous cathepsins, rather than microorganisms, plays an important role in texture softening of ice-stored @entity3 fillets.

title: Differential role of endogenous cathepsin and microorganism in texture softening of ice-stored @entity3 ( XXXX ) fillets.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Over a recent 16-month period, 35 @entity4 were removed at our institution by a surgical team consisting of one neurosurgeon and one otologist. Nineteen @entity1 were less than 2 cm in diameter and six were greater than 4 cm. There were 26 @entity4 , six @entity3 , two @entity1 , and a @entity2 . A suboccipital transmeatal approach was used in the majority of @entity0 . There were no deaths. Thirty-two @entity0 had an excellent outcome. Twenty-four @entity0 had @entity1 removal (92% of the @entity4 ). The facial nerve was preserved anatomically in all but one @entity0 , who had nerve grafting intraoperatively and has partial recovery of function. Thirteen of the 24 @entity0 who had auditory function retained some of it postoperatively. With current diagnostic techniques, combined with the neurosurgical and otologic team approach, the majority of @entity0 with @entity1 of all sizes may expect a complete resection of the @entity1 with a good outcome. Certainly, early diagnosis and resection of smaller @entity1 will increase the likelihood that hearing will be preserved, thus providing impetus for aggressive diagnostic and surgical treatment of @entity0 with these lesions.

title: Cooperative neuro-otologic management of @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Over a recent 16-month period, 35 @entity4 were removed at our institution by a surgical team consisting of one neurosurgeon and one otologist. Nineteen @entity1 were less than 2 cm in diameter and six were greater than 4 cm. There were 26 @entity4 , six @entity3 , two @entity1 , and a @entity2 . A suboccipital transmeatal approach was used in the majority of @entity0 . There were no deaths. Thirty-two @entity0 had an excellent outcome. Twenty-four @entity0 had @entity1 removal (92% of the @entity4 ). The facial nerve was preserved anatomically in all but one @entity0 , who had nerve grafting intraoperatively and has partial recovery of function. Thirteen of the 24 @entity0 who had auditory function retained some of it postoperatively. With current diagnostic techniques, combined with the neurosurgical and otologic team approach, the majority of @entity0 with @entity1 of all sizes may expect a complete resection of the @entity1 with a good outcome. Certainly, early diagnosis and resection of smaller @entity1 will increase the likelihood that hearing will be preserved, thus providing impetus for aggressive diagnostic and surgical treatment of @entity0 with these lesions.

title: Cooperative neuro-otologic management of XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: This is the first report on the establishment of the readily identifiable and functioning thymic nurse cell (TNC) clones from the @entity0 thymus. In the course of the culture of an epithelial cell line using a medium with a low concentration of @entity1 from the spontaneous BALB/c @entity4 , lymphocytes as well as thymic stromal cells which were not apparently typical epithelial cells by light microscopy seemed to grow relatively well in one flask. The culture medium was exchanged with regular Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium in the third week, and from that flask TNC clones were established together with lymphoblast cell clones. The established cells (IT-79MTNC3) were easily identified as TNC. They formed complexes with simultaneously established lymphoblast cells and were remarkably similar to those of fresh TNC and thymocytes. Cloned TNC could express Ia antigens. In co-culture experiments, cloned TNC together with recombinant @entity2 ( @entity3 ) appeared to support the growth of fetal thymocytes which with @entity3 alone failed to proliferate. The supernatant of IT-79MTNC3 was previously found to contain the growth factor for some T cell clones. It remains to be solved whether the TNC affects fetal thymocytes through direct contact or secretes an active growth-promoting factor. Experiments along this line are now in progress.

title: Establishment of @entity0 thymic nurse cell clones from a spontaneous BALB/c XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: This is the first report on the establishment of the readily identifiable and functioning thymic nurse cell (TNC) clones from the @entity0 thymus. In the course of the culture of an epithelial cell line using a medium with a low concentration of @entity1 from the spontaneous BALB/c @entity4 , lymphocytes as well as thymic stromal cells which were not apparently typical epithelial cells by light microscopy seemed to grow relatively well in one flask. The culture medium was exchanged with regular Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium in the third week, and from that flask TNC clones were established together with lymphoblast cell clones. The established cells (IT-79MTNC3) were easily identified as TNC. They formed complexes with simultaneously established lymphoblast cells and were remarkably similar to those of fresh TNC and thymocytes. Cloned TNC could express Ia antigens. In co-culture experiments, cloned TNC together with recombinant @entity2 ( @entity3 ) appeared to support the growth of fetal thymocytes which with @entity3 alone failed to proliferate. The supernatant of IT-79MTNC3 was previously found to contain the growth factor for some T cell clones. It remains to be solved whether the TNC affects fetal thymocytes through direct contact or secretes an active growth-promoting factor. Experiments along this line are now in progress.

title: Establishment of XXXX thymic nurse cell clones from a spontaneous BALB/c @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The expression of @entity1 is assumed to be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Our study investigated the prevalence and HLA type in two different ethnic groups: a German group and an Italian group living in South Tirol. Intermarriages are rare between these population groups. The live birth rate during 1973-1982 (10 years) was 42,739 for the German group and 14,874 for the Italian group. Fifty @entity0 with @entity1 , born during this period, were diagnosed according to the ESPGAN criteria: 45 were German and five were Italian. The incidence in the German group was 105 per 100,000, and 33 per 100,000 in the Italian group. HLA typing was performed in 40 @entity0 , and in 50 German and 50 Italian controls. Of the @entity0 with @entity1 , 43% were positive for HLA B8, 85% for @entity2 , and 66% for @entity3 . Although lower, no difference was found in the expression of HLA B8, @entity2 , and @entity3 in the Italian and German controls. The data presented here strongly suggest that there is little association between the incidence of the disease and HLA type in the two ethnic populations. However, from preliminary data, it is postulated that the age of the @entity0 when gluten is added to its diet will affect the incidence of @entity1 .

title: XXXX in two different population groups of South Tirol.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 27 @entity0 with 74 @entity9 we prospectively evaluated @entity8 -related risk factors and specific histopathological characteristics that might result in @entity2 from these lesions. Each @entity8 was endoscopically bathed in saline which was then aspirated back into a syringe through a catheter and tested for presence of blood on a @entity3 . Forty-nine @entity8 were excised. We found the following: 1) A relatively small proportion of @entity7 (approximately 11%) have a propensity to bleed. 2) Approximately 22% of @entity8 -bearing @entity0 have a @entity6 @entity7 . 3) Risk factors for @entity6 include @entity8 size greater than 1.0 cm, presence of a stalk, and cherry-red color; associated histopathological findings include marked @entity5 and intramucosal lakes of blood. 4) Clinically detectable @entity6 occurs after @entity6 in the @entity8 head and dissection of blood into the bowel lumen through the glandular or surface epithelium. Most @entity8 are small, sessile and pink, without histopathological features of @entity6 and are unlikely to bleed. Therefore, @entity0 with Hemoccult-positive stools in whom such @entity1 are found should undergo further study to detect other causes of @entity4 . High-risk @entity8 in otherwise asymptomatic @entity0 can be held responsible for @entity6 ; in them colonoscopic polypectomy with follow-up Hemoccult testing is sufficient management. Only if @entity6 persists is study of other parts of the gut essential.

title: Risk factors for XXXX from adenomatous polyps of the large bowel: a colonoscopic evaluation with histopathological correlation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Recent work has indicated that direct-current (DC) fields may promote recovery after acute @entity1 . In the present experiments, the therapeutic value of an applied DC field was studied in 40 @entity0 with clip compression injuries of the cord at C7-T1. The @entity0 were randomly allocated to one of four groups including 10 @entity0 each: two groups received a 17-gm @entity1 and two groups a 53-gm injury. One group at each injury severity received implantation of a treatment (14 microA) DC stimulator and the other group a control (0 microA) stimulator. Clinical neurological function was assessed weekly by the inclined-plane technique. At 8 weeks after injury, motor and somatosensory evoked potentials (MEP's and SSEP's) were recorded, and the axonal tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was introduced into the cord at T-6. The total number of HRP-labeled cells was counted in every sixth coronal section through the brain stem and motor cortex. All outcome parameters were assessed blindly. In the 17-gm group, there were no significant differences in any outcome measure between control and treated @entity0 . In contrast, in the 53-gm group, the inclined-plane scores, the amplitude of the MEP's, and the number of labeled cells in the red nucleus, raph   nuclei, and vestibular nuclei were greater in treated than in control @entity0 . These data strongly indicate that an applied DC field can produce functional neurological and anatomical improvement in @entity0 with acute @entity1 .

title: The effect of direct-current field on recovery from experimental XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Lipoprotein synthesis and secretion were examined in primary cultures of @entity0 hepatocytes cultured on collagen-coated plates and incubated with pharmacologic and physiologic concentrations of insulin. Media insulin concentration declined rapidly over the course of incubation indicating that hepatocytes rapidly degrade insulin. When insulin was present in the media, cellular @entity1 accumulated while lipid secretion declined. Insulin inhibited the incorporation of labeled @entity3 into total secretory lipoprotein apoproteins and @entity4 (apo B) as well as apo B mass as measured by monoclonal radioimmunoassay. The effect of insulin on apo B secretion occurred as early as three hours after the addition of insulin to the culture media and both apo B of higher molecular weight (apo BH) and apo B of lower molecular weight (apo BL) were affected. Cellular apo B did not accumulate within cells. The majority of secretory lipid radioactivity synthesized from @entity2 was in VLDL density lipoproteins. The composition of newly synthesized lipids as assessed by thin layer chromatography was not significantly altered with insulin. These studies support the finding that insulin inhibits VLDL secretion by hepatocytes while at the same time stimulating overall @entity1 synthesis. A suggested mechanism is that insulin uncouples @entity1 and apo B synthesis, which influences subsequent lipoprotein assembly and secretory pathways. These results are consistent with the concept that postprandial insulin release inhibits hepatic lipoprotein secretion while intestinal lipoprotein metabolic pathways are most active.

title: Insulin effects on XXXX lipoprotein synthesis and secretion by primary cultures of @entity0 hepatocytes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Lipoprotein synthesis and secretion were examined in primary cultures of @entity0 hepatocytes cultured on collagen-coated plates and incubated with pharmacologic and physiologic concentrations of insulin. Media insulin concentration declined rapidly over the course of incubation indicating that hepatocytes rapidly degrade insulin. When insulin was present in the media, cellular @entity1 accumulated while lipid secretion declined. Insulin inhibited the incorporation of labeled @entity3 into total secretory lipoprotein apoproteins and @entity4 (apo B) as well as apo B mass as measured by monoclonal radioimmunoassay. The effect of insulin on apo B secretion occurred as early as three hours after the addition of insulin to the culture media and both apo B of higher molecular weight (apo BH) and apo B of lower molecular weight (apo BL) were affected. Cellular apo B did not accumulate within cells. The majority of secretory lipid radioactivity synthesized from @entity2 was in VLDL density lipoproteins. The composition of newly synthesized lipids as assessed by thin layer chromatography was not significantly altered with insulin. These studies support the finding that insulin inhibits VLDL secretion by hepatocytes while at the same time stimulating overall @entity1 synthesis. A suggested mechanism is that insulin uncouples @entity1 and apo B synthesis, which influences subsequent lipoprotein assembly and secretory pathways. These results are consistent with the concept that postprandial insulin release inhibits hepatic lipoprotein secretion while intestinal lipoprotein metabolic pathways are most active.

title: Insulin effects on @entity4 lipoprotein synthesis and secretion by primary cultures of XXXX hepatocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Isolated testicular relapse (T.R.) in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has an overall incidence of 10% and affects mainly @entity0 off therapy. Multivariate analysis of pretreatment characteristics has shown that lymphadenopathy and @entity1 are independently associated with increased risk of T.R. during maintenance and off therapy, respectively. Sequential biopsy studies have demonstrated that testicular biopsies are unable to detect scanty infiltrates and have no practical utility. Prophylactic gonadal irradiation produced equivocal results and should not be used because of its sterilizing effect. Intensive multi-drug regimens or prolonged maintenance were unable to substantially reduce T.R. rate. On the contrary, intermediate-dose @entity3 (IDM) early in remission has almost abolished T.R. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that testicular interstitium is a very peculiar site where blasts are partially protected from the drug action; high drug concentrations are required for the optimal cytocidal effect. There are sufficient clues of a link between the excess of late marrow relapse in male sex and the capacity of testes of harboring blasts. Therefore IDM early in remission should be routinely adopted for prevention of @entity4 and its potential of late spread.

title: The enigma of XXXX : a critical review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Endoscopic ultrasonography has been applied to 30 @entity0 with suspected @entity3 . All were difficult clinical problems which had not been resolved by conventional ultrasonography. CT scanning, and pancreatography. There were 7 technical failures where the instrument could not be advanced through the pylorus. A definite result was produced in 23 @entity0 . In 7 the EUS findings were confirmed by histology obtained at surgery. In 6 a definite diagnosis of mild chronic @entity3 was made. Previously undescribed morphological features such as peri-ductal @entity2 , @entity1 were shown and correlated with the histological appearance. In 10 @entity0 an EUS diagnosis of a normal pancreas has not been challenged after clinical follow up of six months to two years. The high resolution of EUS is capable of showing unique morphological detail in @entity3 .

title: Endoscopic ultrasonography of chronic XXXX and pancreatic pseudocysts.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A review of the less frequent organ damage seen in the so-called @entity6 , and distinguishing between cryodependent and cryofavouring organ involvement, is presented in this paper. In the first group, along with the well-known renal, cutaneous and articular lesions, the @entity5 and respiratory involvement, to date too little considered, are worthy of more accurate study. Gastroenteric and cardiac participations are rare. Among the cryofavouring manifestations of the disease, we have pointed out those affecting the liver. In our experience, however, as the immunohistochemical findings suggest, the histological patterns usually considered to be chronic persistent @entity1 are frequently an expression of a @entity3 . A noteworthy percentage of lymphoid cells in the bone marrow has been found in 22 @entity7 after either needle puncture or osteomedullary biopsy. The histological pictures often resemble a @entity4 . Clinical and laboratory (computerized tomographic scan) researches frequently show a moderate @entity2 , but in none of the @entity0 was superficial or deep lymph node enlargement found. The authors conclude by considering type II essential cryoimmunoglobulin to be a sign and a marker of a low-grade proliferative disease with rare evolution into @entity3 . At the same time, however, cryoimmunoglobulins themselves cause important injuries that affect the prognosis of the syndrome.

title: Cryodependent and cryoproducing involvement of organs in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Regular exercise has been recommended as a potential strategy to counteract the age-related @entity2 experienced by @entity0 ; however, the optimal exercise prescription is not known. OBJECTIVE: To perform a pilot study to examine the osteogenic effect, safety and feasibility of a combined program of upper body resistance exercise and two doses of impact-loading exercise on @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of middle-aged and older @entity0 . METHODS: Forty-two community-dwelling @entity0 aged 50-74 years were randomly assigned to either an exercise program of combined upper body resistance exercise and either high-dose impact-loading (HI; 80 jumps per session) or moderate-dose impact-loading (MOD; 40 jumps per session) or a control (CON) group. The 9-month intervention involved 4 sessions each week: 2 supervised clinic-based and 2 home-based. @entity1 of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, trochanter and whole body as well as lean and fat mass were assessed at baseline and 9 months by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone turnover markers, hormone levels, physical function and muscle strength were also assessed. RESULTS: Following 9 months of training, significant differences in @entity1 among groups were found at the total hip (p = 0.010) and trochanter (p = 0.047) with @entity1 in the MOD group decreasing relative to the HI group. Although not significant, the HI group consistently preserved @entity1 , whereas @entity1 of the MOD and CON groups declined at the hip sites. Mean change for all groups at all skeletal sites was approximately within   1%. There was no change in bone turnover markers. There were no adverse events as a result of the intervention; however, overall attendance for the HI and MOD groups was 53% (clinic: 68%, home: 38%) and 65% (clinic: 74%, home: 55%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that while impact-loading exercise can be safely undertaken in middle-aged and older @entity0 , the current combined program did not elicit significant improvements in @entity1 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: The Osteogenic Effect of Impact-Loading and Resistance Exercise on Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged and Older XXXX : A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A paradigm shift is currently ongoing in the treatment of @entity2 in childhood in Japan. Functional posterior rhizotomy (FPR), which was first introduced to Japan in 1996, is best indicated for @entity0 with @entity1 , regardless of the clinical severity of @entity2 . Surgery is generally carried out in the cauda equina, where the posterior root is separated from the anterior one, and neurophysiological procedures are used to judge which nerve root/rootlet should be cut. The outcome of FPR is favorable for reducing @entity2 in the long-term follow-up. Intrathecal @entity4 (ITB) treatment for childhood @entity2 was approved in 2007 in Japan and the number of @entity0 undergoing ITB pump implantation has been gradually increasing. ITB treatment is best indicated for @entity0 with severe @entity2 , especially those with @entity5 , regardless of the pathological background. Since it is a surgery performed to implant foreign bodies, special attention should be paid to avoid perioperative complications such as @entity6 , @entity3 , and mechanical failure. Severely disabled @entity0 with @entity2 would benefit most from ITB treatment. We would especially like to emphasize the importance of a strategic approach to the treatment of childhood @entity2 . The first step is to reduce @entity2 by FPR, ITB, and botulinum toxin injection. The second step is to aim for functional improvement after controlling @entity2 . Traditional orthopedic surgery and neuro-rehabilitation form the second step of treatment. The combination of these treatments that allows them to complement each other is the key to a successful treatment of childhood @entity2 .

title: Neurosurgical Management of Childhood Spasticity: Functional Posterior Rhizotomy and Intrathecal XXXX Infusion Therapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The microenvironment of a preimplantation embryo can influence changes in development that affect postnatal phenotypes. One of the potential mediators of this effect in many species is colony-stimulating factor ( @entity1 ), which can increase an embryo's ability to establish pregnancy after its transfer into recipients. Exposure of embryos to @entity1 during early development can also affect the pattern of development later in pregnancy in a sex-dependent manner. We therefore hypothesized that treatment of in vitro-produced embryos with @entity1 in culture would alter birth weight and postnatal growth of the resultant @entity0 . Body weight and withers height were measured for Holstein heifer @entity0 produced in vitro with or without 10   ng/ml @entity1 and for @entity0 produced by artificial insemination. There were no differences in birth weight between groups; thereafter, however, @entity0 from the @entity1 -treated group experienced greater increases in body weight through 13 months of age, with only small differences in withers height. These results support the model that an embryo's postnatal characteristics can be programmed during the preimplantation period, and that @entity1 is one of the embryokines through which programming is directed. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Exposure to colony stimulating factor 2 during preimplantation development increases postnatal growth in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Quantitative MRI with T2, T2*, and T2' mapping has been shown to non-invasively depict microstructural changes (T2) and oxygenation status (T2* and T2') that are invisible on conventional MRI. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether T2 and T2' quantification detects cerebral (micro-)structural damage and chronic @entity5 in lesions and in normal appearing white matter (WM) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Measurements were complemented by the assessment of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the degree of @entity2 and WM @entity4 . METHODS: Eighteen @entity0 with @entity3 and 18 age-matched healthy controls were included. High-resolution, motion-corrected T2, T2*, and T2' mapping, CBF mapping (pulsed arterial spin labeling, PASL), and segmentation of @entity2 and WM were used to depict specific changes in both groups. All parameters were compared between @entity0 and healthy controls, using t testing. Values of p   <   0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. RESULTS: @entity0 showed significantly increased T2 in lesions (p   <   0.01) and in unaffected WM (p   =   0.045) as well as significantly increased T2* in lesions (p   =   0.003). A significant decrease of T2' was detected in @entity0 in unaffected WM (p   =   0.027), while no T2' changes were observed in @entity2 (p   =   0.13). Both unaffected WM and @entity2 were significantly decreased in volume in the @entity0 -group (p   <   0.01). No differences of PASL-based CBF could be shown. CONCLUSION: Non-invasive quantitative MRI with T2, T2*, and T2' mapping might be used to detect subtle structural and metabolic changes in @entity3 . Assessing the grade of @entity1 and @entity5 might be helpful to monitor disease progression and to perform risk assessment.

title: Quantitative T2, T2*, and T2' MR imaging in @entity0 with @entity3 might detect microstructural changes and cortical XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Quantitative MRI with T2, T2*, and T2' mapping has been shown to non-invasively depict microstructural changes (T2) and oxygenation status (T2* and T2') that are invisible on conventional MRI. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether T2 and T2' quantification detects cerebral (micro-)structural damage and chronic @entity5 in lesions and in normal appearing white matter (WM) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Measurements were complemented by the assessment of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the degree of @entity2 and WM @entity4 . METHODS: Eighteen @entity0 with @entity3 and 18 age-matched healthy controls were included. High-resolution, motion-corrected T2, T2*, and T2' mapping, CBF mapping (pulsed arterial spin labeling, PASL), and segmentation of @entity2 and WM were used to depict specific changes in both groups. All parameters were compared between @entity0 and healthy controls, using t testing. Values of p   <   0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. RESULTS: @entity0 showed significantly increased T2 in lesions (p   <   0.01) and in unaffected WM (p   =   0.045) as well as significantly increased T2* in lesions (p   =   0.003). A significant decrease of T2' was detected in @entity0 in unaffected WM (p   =   0.027), while no T2' changes were observed in @entity2 (p   =   0.13). Both unaffected WM and @entity2 were significantly decreased in volume in the @entity0 -group (p   <   0.01). No differences of PASL-based CBF could be shown. CONCLUSION: Non-invasive quantitative MRI with T2, T2*, and T2' mapping might be used to detect subtle structural and metabolic changes in @entity3 . Assessing the grade of @entity1 and @entity5 might be helpful to monitor disease progression and to perform risk assessment.

title: Quantitative T2, T2*, and T2' MR imaging in @entity0 with XXXX might detect microstructural changes and cortical @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Quantitative MRI with T2, T2*, and T2' mapping has been shown to non-invasively depict microstructural changes (T2) and oxygenation status (T2* and T2') that are invisible on conventional MRI. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether T2 and T2' quantification detects cerebral (micro-)structural damage and chronic @entity5 in lesions and in normal appearing white matter (WM) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Measurements were complemented by the assessment of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the degree of @entity2 and WM @entity4 . METHODS: Eighteen @entity0 with @entity3 and 18 age-matched healthy controls were included. High-resolution, motion-corrected T2, T2*, and T2' mapping, CBF mapping (pulsed arterial spin labeling, PASL), and segmentation of @entity2 and WM were used to depict specific changes in both groups. All parameters were compared between @entity0 and healthy controls, using t testing. Values of p   <   0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. RESULTS: @entity0 showed significantly increased T2 in lesions (p   <   0.01) and in unaffected WM (p   =   0.045) as well as significantly increased T2* in lesions (p   =   0.003). A significant decrease of T2' was detected in @entity0 in unaffected WM (p   =   0.027), while no T2' changes were observed in @entity2 (p   =   0.13). Both unaffected WM and @entity2 were significantly decreased in volume in the @entity0 -group (p   <   0.01). No differences of PASL-based CBF could be shown. CONCLUSION: Non-invasive quantitative MRI with T2, T2*, and T2' mapping might be used to detect subtle structural and metabolic changes in @entity3 . Assessing the grade of @entity1 and @entity5 might be helpful to monitor disease progression and to perform risk assessment.

title: Quantitative T2, T2*, and T2' MR imaging in XXXX with @entity3 might detect microstructural changes and cortical @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate with another minimally invasive technique, the laparoscopic simple prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared  outcomes of a series of 40 @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic simple prostatectomy (n=20) with laser enucleation of the prostate (n=20) for large @entity1 (>100grams) at our institution. Study variables included operative time and catheterization time, hospital stay, pre- and post-operative International Prostate Symptom Score and maximum urinary flow rate, complications and economic evaluation. Statistical analyses were performed using the Student t test and Fisher test. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in @entity0 age, preoperative prostatic size, operating time or specimen weight between the 2 groups. Duration of catheterization (P=.0008) and hospital stay (P<.0001) were significantly less in the laser group. Both groups showed a statistically significant improvement in functional variables at 3months post operatively. The cost utility analysis for @entity3 per case was 2589 @entity2 versus 4706 per laparoscopic case. In the laser arm, 4 @entity0 (20%) experienced complications according to the modified Clavien classification system versus 5 (25%) in the laparoscopic group (P>.99). CONCLUSION: Holmium enucleation of the prostate has similar short term functional results and complication rates compared to laparoscopic simple prostatectomy performed in large glands with the advantage of less catheterization time, lower economic costs and a reduced hospital stay.

title: Holmium laser enucleation versus laparoscopic simple prostatectomy for large XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with reference to levels of sick leave and disability pension in early @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: @entity0 with @entity2 living in the southern part of Sweden with onset of their first non-Raynaud symptom between 2003 and 2009 and with a followup of 36 months were included in a longitudinal study. Thirty-two @entity0 (26 @entity0 , 24 with limited @entity2 ) with a median age of 47.5 years (interquartile range 43-53) were identified. @entity1 was calculated in 30-day intervals from 12 months prior to disease onset until 36 months after, presented as the prevalence of @entity1 per year (0-3) and as the period prevalence of mean net days per month (   SD). Comparisons were made between @entity0 with different disease severity and sociodemographic characteristics, and between @entity0 and a reference group (RG) from the general population. RESULTS: Seventy-eight percent had no @entity1 1 year prior to disease onset, which decreased to 47% after 3 years. The relative risk for @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 compared with RG was 0.95 (95% CI 0.39-2.33) at diagnosis, and increased to 2.41 (1.28-4.55) after 3 years. There were no significant correlations between @entity1 and disease severity, but between @entity1 and years at workplace (rs = -0.72; p = 0.002), education (rs = -0.51; p = 0.004), and sickness absence the month before disease onset (rs = 0.58; p = 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Considerable increase in @entity1 was noted 3 years after disease onset. Limited education, fewer years at workplace, and sickness absence before disease onset may be risk factors for sustained @entity1 .

title: Work Disability in Early XXXX : A Longitudinal Population-based Cohort Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Case report forms from a multicenter, randomized trial comparing @entity7 (50 @entity0 ) with @entity5 plus @entity6 (control group, 44 @entity0 ) in the treatment of skin and soft-tissue infections were reviewed. Two subsets of @entity0 were identified. The target @entity0 population (group I) comprised older @entity0 with predisposing @entity2 (eg, @entity1 ) and an average of 1.8 bacterial pathogens per @entity0 . Necrotizing soft-tissue and @entity8 predominated. Group II comprised younger @entity0 with acute onset of monomicrobial @entity4 or staphylococcal or streptococcal abscess. Clinical cure or improvement was achieved in 93% of @entity7 -treated and 94% of control group I @entity0 . Bacteriological eradication of the initial pathogens without superinfection was obtained in 85% and 82%, respectively, of the two treatment groups. In group II, each of the nine @entity7 -treated @entity0 was cured or improved and bacteria were eradicated; in the control group, nine of ten @entity0 were clinically and bacteriologically cured. Among all @entity0 , @entity3 was eradicated in 18 of 19 treated with @entity7 and in 14 of 15 treated with the control agents. The results of the study demonstrate the efficacy of @entity7 as initial monotherapy for soft-tissue infections in @entity0 with compromised vascularity.

title: XXXX versus @entity5 plus @entity6 in the treatment of soft-tissue infections.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Case report forms from a multicenter, randomized trial comparing @entity7 (50 @entity0 ) with @entity5 plus @entity6 (control group, 44 @entity0 ) in the treatment of skin and soft-tissue infections were reviewed. Two subsets of @entity0 were identified. The target @entity0 population (group I) comprised older @entity0 with predisposing @entity2 (eg, @entity1 ) and an average of 1.8 bacterial pathogens per @entity0 . Necrotizing soft-tissue and @entity8 predominated. Group II comprised younger @entity0 with acute onset of monomicrobial @entity4 or staphylococcal or streptococcal abscess. Clinical cure or improvement was achieved in 93% of @entity7 -treated and 94% of control group I @entity0 . Bacteriological eradication of the initial pathogens without superinfection was obtained in 85% and 82%, respectively, of the two treatment groups. In group II, each of the nine @entity7 -treated @entity0 was cured or improved and bacteria were eradicated; in the control group, nine of ten @entity0 were clinically and bacteriologically cured. Among all @entity0 , @entity3 was eradicated in 18 of 19 treated with @entity7 and in 14 of 15 treated with the control agents. The results of the study demonstrate the efficacy of @entity7 as initial monotherapy for soft-tissue infections in @entity0 with compromised vascularity.

title: @entity7 versus @entity5 plus XXXX in the treatment of soft-tissue infections.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Case report forms from a multicenter, randomized trial comparing @entity7 (50 @entity0 ) with @entity5 plus @entity6 (control group, 44 @entity0 ) in the treatment of skin and soft-tissue infections were reviewed. Two subsets of @entity0 were identified. The target @entity0 population (group I) comprised older @entity0 with predisposing @entity2 (eg, @entity1 ) and an average of 1.8 bacterial pathogens per @entity0 . Necrotizing soft-tissue and @entity8 predominated. Group II comprised younger @entity0 with acute onset of monomicrobial @entity4 or staphylococcal or streptococcal abscess. Clinical cure or improvement was achieved in 93% of @entity7 -treated and 94% of control group I @entity0 . Bacteriological eradication of the initial pathogens without superinfection was obtained in 85% and 82%, respectively, of the two treatment groups. In group II, each of the nine @entity7 -treated @entity0 was cured or improved and bacteria were eradicated; in the control group, nine of ten @entity0 were clinically and bacteriologically cured. Among all @entity0 , @entity3 was eradicated in 18 of 19 treated with @entity7 and in 14 of 15 treated with the control agents. The results of the study demonstrate the efficacy of @entity7 as initial monotherapy for soft-tissue infections in @entity0 with compromised vascularity.

title: @entity7 versus XXXX plus @entity6 in the treatment of soft-tissue infections.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) have a high risk of @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels could predict @entity3 or @entity4 after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS: This was a nationwide population-based observational cohort study that included all @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent primary isolated nonemergency CABG in Sweden between 1997 and 2012, according to the Swedish National @entity1 Register and the SWEDEHEART (Swedish Web-system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence-based care in @entity5 Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) register. We calculated the crude incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and used Cox regression and multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) to estimate the risk of both all-cause mortality and major adverse @entity3 (MACE), defined as @entity6 , @entity2 , @entity7 , or repeat revascularization, in relation to HbA1c  levels. RESULTS: In total, 764 @entity0 with @entity1 were included. During a median follow-up of 4.7 years, 334 (44%) @entity0 died or had MACE (incidence rate: 82 events/1,000 @entity0 -years). After multivariable adjustment, the HR (95% CI) for  @entity4 or MACE in @entity0 with HbA1c levels of 7.1% to 8.0%, 8.1% to 9.0%, 9.1% to 10.0%, and >10.0% were 1.34  (0.82 to 2.21), 1.59 (1.00 to 2.54), 1.73 (1.03 to 2.90), and 2.25 (1.29 to 3.94), respectively, compared with the  reference category. When HbA1c was used as a continuous variable, the HR for a 1% increase in HbA1c level was 1.18, and  the 95% CI was 1.06 to 1.32. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity1 , poor glycemic control before CABG was associated with increased long-term  risk of @entity4 or MACE. (HeAlth-data Register sTudies of Risk and Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery [HARTROCS]; NCT02276950).

title: Glycemic Control in Type 1 XXXX and Long-Term Risk of Cardiovascular Events or Death After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Previously, we demonstrated that the naturally occurring @entity0 autoantibodies directed against bromelainized @entity0 red blood cells (BrMRBC) comprised a family of structurally related molecules bearing a common idiotypic determinant ( @entity2 ) based on structural and idiotypic analysis of a series of anti-BrMRBC monoclonal autoantibodies derived from a fusion of peritoneal cells (PerC) with @entity3 . In the present studies, we have evaluated the quantitative expression of circulating @entity2 idiotype related to autoantibodies against BrMRBC in relation to specific PerC anti-BrMRBC plaque-forming activity in an individual @entity0 of different strains. The data presented here show no direct relationship between serum @entity2 idiotype expression and PerC anti-BrMRBC plaque-forming activity in an individual @entity0 of all strains tested. However, the circulating @entity2 idiotype content is higher in strains, viz., CBA/J, NZB, C3H, BXSB, and Biozzi high responder (H) @entity0 which exhibit a high perC autoantibody secretory activity against BrMRBC. The strains such as BALB/c, DBA2, SJL/J, CBA/N, and Biozzi low responder (L) express little or no circulating @entity2 idiotype with a corresponding small or no PerC anti-BrMRBC activity. Furthermore, the PerC "auto"-immune phenomenon is markedly expressed in the normal CBA/J strain since these @entity0 show a higher percentage ratio of @entity2 idiotype over serum IgM (2.68%) as well as highest PerC anti-BrMRBC plaque-forming activity (11,319 +/- 18,029 plaques per million viable cells) compared to other normal and autoimmune strains tested. Nevertheless, the highest circulating serum @entity2 idiotype (49.4 micrograms/ml) is observed in the autoimmune NZB @entity0 . The immunodeficient CBA/ @entity0 fail to express detectable levels of @entity2 idiotype in their serum. The experiments conducted in genetically selected outbred Biozzi (H and L) strain have revealed remarkable differences in serum @entity2 idiotype expression as well as PerC anti-BrMRBC plaque-forming activity in these two lines. The expression of @entity0 PerC "auto"-immune phenomenon and quantitative circulation of @entity2 idiotype in the serum seem to be related to regulatory mechanisms as for @entity1 erythrocytes and other natural antigens earlier demonstrated to be under polygenic regulation in Biozzi (H and L) @entity0 .

title: Autoantibodies against bromelainized XXXX erythrocyte: strain distribution of serum idiotype expression and relative peritoneal cell activity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity11 , the second leading cause of @entity1 in the United States, is resistant to chemotherapy in a large majority of cases. Single-agent and combination chemotherapy have failed to prolong survival. New approaches are clearly needed. In experimental models, a steep dose-response curve for @entity2 has been demonstrated using various agents. The @entity5 of high-dose therapy with these drugs can be circumvented by autologous bone marrow transplantation. We investigated the use of high-dose melphalan with autologous bone marrow rescue in 20 @entity0 with metastatic @entity11 . Each @entity0 received melphalan, 180 mg/m2 intravenously (IV), followed eight hours later by bone marrow infusion. Median duration of @entity15 (less than 500 neutrophils/microL) was twelve days (range, 5 to 35 days), while transfusion-dependent @entity12 (less than 20,000 platelets/microL) had a median duration of eight days (range, 3 to 23 days). Time to bone marrow engraftment was not affected by prior @entity13 therapy. @entity9 and @entity10 occurred in 14 @entity0 but was generally short lived. Mild @entity16 , @entity14 , and @entity7 were common. Severe gastrointestinal (GI) side effects did not occur. One treatment-related @entity6 occurred secondary to intramural @entity3 , which resulted in massive @entity8 . Complete responses were observed in three @entity0 (15%) and partial responses in six @entity0 (30%), for an overall response rate of 45%. Median survival was 198 days in this group of @entity0 with @entity4 . High-dose melphalan therapy for metastatic @entity11 , when used with autologous bone marrow transplantation, appears to achieve a high response rate with tolerable @entity5 . Further investigation is needed to define the role of this therapy in the care of advanced @entity11 .

title: Phase II trial of high-dose melphalan and autologous bone marrow transplantation for metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: Seventeen @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 were treated with a high-dose combination chemotherapy regimen and autologous bone marrow support. Thirteen @entity1 had prior combination chemotherapy. Fifteen @entity1 were treated with a phase II regimen of @entity4 (5.625 g/m2), @entity5 (165 mg/m2), and BCNU (600 mg/m2). Bone marrow harvest and reconstitution were uncomplicated. All @entity1 became profoundly myelosuppressed. Fourteen of 16 evaluable @entity1 (88%) responded, including six complete responses (CRs) (38%). The median time to @entity2 progression was 5 months. The median survival was 8 months. CRs occurred more frequently in @entity1 with no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease, @entity0 ; and @entity1 treated within 3 months of first recurrence. The rate of @entity2 regression was rapid, with a median of 11 days to partial response (PR) and 12 days to CR. Those @entity1 achieving a PR by day 7 had a greater likelihood (P = .03) of attaining a CR than those @entity1 whose PR occurred later. Three @entity3 (18%) occurred, all in @entity1 with @entity0 treated with prior chemotherapy. High-dose combined alkylating agent therapy produced high PR and CR rates in metastatic @entity0 @entity1 , most of whom had failed prior chemotherapy. The rate of @entity2 regression was rapid. Current efforts are directed at developing a regimen using drugs specifically active in @entity0 , with an intent of combining an effective high-dose regimen with additional modalities of therapy in the treatment of @entity0 .

title: High-dose combination alkylating agent chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow support for metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the treatment of chronic stable severe @entity6 . In a short-term study the effect of TENS was studied in 10 male @entity0 with @entity6 (functional class III and IV). All @entity0 had previously been stabilized on long-term maximal oral treatment. The effects of the treatment were measured by means of repeated bicycle ergometer tests. All @entity0 had an increased working capacity (16-85%), decreased ST segment @entity3 and reduced recovery time during TENS. No adverse effects were observed. A long-term study of TENS on similarly selected @entity0 showed beneficial effects in terms of @entity2 , increased physical activity and increased working capacity during bicycle ergometer tests. An invasive study was carried out with respect to systemic and coronary hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism during pacing provoked @entity4 in 13 @entity0 . The results showed that TENS led to an increased tolerance to pacing, improved @entity5 metabolism, less pronounced ST segment @entity3 . A drop in systolic blood pressure during TENS treatment at identical pacing rates indicated a decreased afterload. An increased coronary flow to @entity1 areas in the myocardium was supported by the fact that the rate pressure product during @entity2 increased during TENS.

title: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: In 15 @entity0 with moderate @entity1 not completely controlled on digoxin (0.25 mg o.d.) and @entity2 (25 mg o.d.), we compared the addition of @entity3 (12.5 to 50 mg b.i.d.) with increasing doses of @entity2 (25 to 100 mg o.d.), in a randomized double-blind, double-dummy, comparative trial. Thirteen @entity0 completed the 3 months study: two dropped-out in the @entity2 group. Statistically significant clinical improvement occurred in both treatment groups. Exercise tolerance also significantly improved in both groups in a parallel fashion. Echocardiographic cardiac function data showed a significantly better pattern of changes in the @entity3 group. The addition of low doses of @entity3 to basal therapy seems to be as effective as the addition of high doses of @entity2 in uncontrolled moderate @entity1 . This approach with @entity3 also appears to be more physiological and safe.

title: Addition of @entity3 versus increasing diuretics in moderate but deteriorating XXXX : a double-blind comparative trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 15 @entity0 with moderate @entity1 not completely controlled on digoxin (0.25 mg o.d.) and @entity2 (25 mg o.d.), we compared the addition of @entity3 (12.5 to 50 mg b.i.d.) with increasing doses of @entity2 (25 to 100 mg o.d.), in a randomized double-blind, double-dummy, comparative trial. Thirteen @entity0 completed the 3 months study: two dropped-out in the @entity2 group. Statistically significant clinical improvement occurred in both treatment groups. Exercise tolerance also significantly improved in both groups in a parallel fashion. Echocardiographic cardiac function data showed a significantly better pattern of changes in the @entity3 group. The addition of low doses of @entity3 to basal therapy seems to be as effective as the addition of high doses of @entity2 in uncontrolled moderate @entity1 . This approach with @entity3 also appears to be more physiological and safe.

title: Addition of XXXX versus increasing diuretics in moderate but deteriorating @entity1 : a double-blind comparative trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 are a major cause of illness and @entity2 among @entity0 and young @entity0 , especially in developing countries. They are also the principal cause of illness in tourists who travel to these countries. Overall, the main causes of @entity3 are bacterial. Campylobacter, enteropathogenic @entity4 , @entity11 and enterotoxigenic @entity4 are, in this order, the most common bacterial enteropathogens isolated in developing countries, and campylobacter and @entity11 in developed countries. Even though the cornerstone of the treatment of @entity3 is oral rehydration, especially in @entity0 , the better knowledge of the pathogens involved and the mechanisms by which these organisms produce @entity3 has brought the reconsideration of antibiotic use, which just a few years ago was considered unnecessary except for @entity11 . The increasing number of @entity11 and @entity8 resistant to @entity6 and @entity5 and the recognition of campylobacter, an enteropathogen normally resistant to these drugs as a major cause of @entity3 , makes it necessary to investigate new agents against these three enteropathogens. Antimicrobial susceptibility studies done in Mexico and other parts of the world have shown that @entity10 , a new @entity7 , is very active against multi-resistant @entity8 and @entity11 and against campylobacter, with MIC values of approximately 0.8 mg/l. Furthermore, it achieves high concentrations in faeces after oral administration. Clinical studies of @entity10 used in inflammatory @entity3 and in prophylaxis of traveller's @entity3 have demonstrated it to be an effective and well-tolerated drug. @entity10 has great potential for the treatment of @entity9 reflected by its broad in vitro activity as well as its effectiveness in initial clinical trials.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity10 in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity1 are a major cause of illness and @entity2 among @entity0 and young @entity0 , especially in developing countries. They are also the principal cause of illness in tourists who travel to these countries. Overall, the main causes of @entity3 are bacterial. Campylobacter, enteropathogenic @entity4 , @entity11 and enterotoxigenic @entity4 are, in this order, the most common bacterial enteropathogens isolated in developing countries, and campylobacter and @entity11 in developed countries. Even though the cornerstone of the treatment of @entity3 is oral rehydration, especially in @entity0 , the better knowledge of the pathogens involved and the mechanisms by which these organisms produce @entity3 has brought the reconsideration of antibiotic use, which just a few years ago was considered unnecessary except for @entity11 . The increasing number of @entity11 and @entity8 resistant to @entity6 and @entity5 and the recognition of campylobacter, an enteropathogen normally resistant to these drugs as a major cause of @entity3 , makes it necessary to investigate new agents against these three enteropathogens. Antimicrobial susceptibility studies done in Mexico and other parts of the world have shown that @entity10 , a new @entity7 , is very active against multi-resistant @entity8 and @entity11 and against campylobacter, with MIC values of approximately 0.8 mg/l. Furthermore, it achieves high concentrations in faeces after oral administration. Clinical studies of @entity10 used in inflammatory @entity3 and in prophylaxis of traveller's @entity3 have demonstrated it to be an effective and well-tolerated drug. @entity10 has great potential for the treatment of @entity9 reflected by its broad in vitro activity as well as its effectiveness in initial clinical trials.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX in the treatment of @entity9 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Contact thermography using liquid crystals provides a simple, inexpensive method of evaluating @entity1 . It does not duplicate information provided by other noninvasive methods, because, whereas Dopplers give an indication of flow and degree of @entity3 in the artery, thermography measures the actual hypoperfusion as demonstrated by diminished temperature in areas of the forehead supplied by branches of the ophthalmic artery. A 74-year-old @entity0 presented with bilateral carotid distribution TIAs. Carotid Dopplers and angiography revealed 99% occlusion of both internal carotid arteries. Contact thermography showed diminished temperature in the right supraorbital artery territory. The @entity0 subsequently underwent carotid endarterectomy. Following induction of anesthesia but prior to carotid clamping, the @entity0 became transiently @entity2 . Intraoperative EEG monitoring showed marked attenuation of the background rhythm on the right with preservation of background on the left. Normal rhythm was quickly restored with pharmacologic restoration of the blood pressure. This case illustrates the usefulness of thermography, which predicted the hemisphere in jeopardy when Dopplers and angiography showed equal bilateral disease.

title: Thermography as a predictor of the more involved side in bilateral XXXX : case history.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 with @entity6 frequently reveal an increase in IgA serum concentration and IgA deposits in a continuous pattern along hepatic sinusoids. We investigated whether the hepatic IgA deposits are a passive reflection of changes in concentration or composition of IgA in the circulation, or represent a distinct effect of @entity2 on the liver. Forty-one @entity0 with @entity6 (daily @entity2 intake at least 50 gm for more than five consecutive years) were compared with 41 @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity0 in both groups were matched for serum IgA and histopathological changes in the liver biopsy. IgA deposits in the liver were found in 78% of the @entity4 @entity0 and in 12% of the nonalcoholic @entity0 . The presence of deposits was not related to histopathological changes in the liver or to the serum IgA concentration. In serum IgA subclass distribution, @entity4 @entity0 differed from nonalcoholic @entity0 by a slight but significant shift to IgA2; in contrast, the hepatic IgA deposits in @entity4 @entity0 were almost of the @entity5 subclass. Serum secretory component (which is an equivalent of serum secretory IgA) was elevated in both @entity4 and nonalcoholic @entity0 ; @entity0 with a liver biopsy revealing @entity1 showed the highest level. In contrast, the hepatic deposits did not contain secretory component. We conclude that the continuous deposits of IgA along liver sinusoids are not a passive reflection of changes in concentration or composition of circulating IgA, but may represent a distinct effect of @entity2 on the liver related to the role of this organ in IgA metabolism.

title: Characteristics of serum IgA and liver IgA deposits in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: To test the hypothesis of whether high doses of chemotherapy in combination achieve higher response rates and longer durations of response and survival, we treated 33 pre- and perimenopausal @entity1 with good performance status in a prospective trial with escalating doses of @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 (FAC). @entity1 were randomly assigned to be treated within a protected environment (laminar air flow room), with prophylactic antibiotics, or in a standard hospital room. Important @entity1 characteristics were equally distributed in the two treatment arms. A major objective response was observed in 27 of the 32 evaluable @entity1 (84%), and 11 (34%) achieved a complete remission (CR). There was no significant difference in overall and complete response rates between the two treatment arms, nor was there a substantial difference in times to progression or survival between the groups treated in or out of the protected environment. Comparison of the results of this study with previously reported programs of FAC chemotherapy in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 shows that this study achieved higher overall and complete response rates. However, neither the time to progression, nor the survival of responders or the entire @entity1 group was different from our previous experience with standard FAC chemotherapy. When the study was initiated in 1976, the proposed dose escalation represented high-dose chemotherapy. In retrospect, even the "high" doses used in this study represent only a modest increase over standard doses of chemotherapy. Much steeper dose escalations will be needed to evaluate the efficacy of high-dose chemotherapy in @entity0 , as well as the protective value of the protected environment and prophylactic antibiotics in metastatic @entity0 .

title: High-dose induction chemotherapy of metastatic XXXX in protected environment: a prospective randomized study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 limitation leads in @entity4 relA cells which cannot synthesize @entity11 (ppGpp) under these conditions to an amplification of pBR 322 DNA. We previously proposed that ppGpp produced in @entity4 relA+ cells subjected to @entity5 limitation inhibits pBR 322 DNA replication (Hecker et al. 1983). In further experiments it was established that an @entity4 relA strain shows plasmid amplification during @entity5 limitation ( @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity0 or @entity9 ) only in the presence of sufficient concentrations of @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity3 . Plasmid amplification does not occur if @entity8 or @entity6 is depleted. We suggest that @entity3 , @entity8 and @entity6 are needed for @entity2 and deoxynucleotide synthesis as the essential prerequisite for plasmid amplification. The activity of @entity10 was determined as an indicator for the expression of plasmid-encoded genes. The enzyme activity remains on a low level during plasmid amplification because of @entity1 exhaustion. A remarkable increase in the activity of @entity10 was observed after resumption of growth of relA cells containing amplified plasmid DNA. The plasmid content decreased as the cells continued to grow. We found that plasmid amplification and expression of plasmid-localized genes are opposite reactions which do not occur at the same time.

title: Physiological studies on pBR 322 DNA amplification in an XXXX relA strain.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) calculations are affected by @entity2 -related changes in circulating concentrations of anions after injury. In contrast, pH is a direct measurement that corresponds to hypoperfusion. We hypothesized that changes in pH would more closely correspond to organ dysfunction compared with changes in @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 and pH values were collected for the first 48  h after injury from a retrospective cohort of 74 multiply injured adult @entity0 who were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit for a minimum of 1  wk. Mean and extreme (minimum pH and maximum @entity1 ) values of pH and @entity1 were determined for day 1 (0-24  h) and for day 2 (24-48  h) after injury. Organ dysfunction was measured by averaging daily sequential organ failure assessment scores over the entire duration of intensive care unit admission. @entity1 and pH values were compared with mean modified sequential organ failure assessment scores by univariate and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: Organ dysfunction corresponded more closely with changes in pH compared with those in @entity1 . Minimum pH and maximum @entity1 showed better correspondence to organ dysfunction compared with mean values. Minimum pH values at 24-48 h had the highest univariate (r(2)  =  0.43) correspondence to organ dysfunction. In contrast, mean @entity1 values at 24-48 h showed no correspondence (r(2)  =  0.07) to organ dysfunction. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that 24-48  h of minimum pH had the highest numerical effect on organ dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Correspondence between organ dysfunction and @entity1 deteriorated in contrast to increasing correspondence between organ dysfunction and pH measured within 48  h after injury.

title: The effect of pH versus base deficit on organ failure in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) calculations are affected by @entity2 -related changes in circulating concentrations of anions after injury. In contrast, pH is a direct measurement that corresponds to hypoperfusion. We hypothesized that changes in pH would more closely correspond to organ dysfunction compared with changes in @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 and pH values were collected for the first 48  h after injury from a retrospective cohort of 74 multiply injured adult @entity0 who were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit for a minimum of 1  wk. Mean and extreme (minimum pH and maximum @entity1 ) values of pH and @entity1 were determined for day 1 (0-24  h) and for day 2 (24-48  h) after injury. Organ dysfunction was measured by averaging daily sequential organ failure assessment scores over the entire duration of intensive care unit admission. @entity1 and pH values were compared with mean modified sequential organ failure assessment scores by univariate and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS: Organ dysfunction corresponded more closely with changes in pH compared with those in @entity1 . Minimum pH and maximum @entity1 showed better correspondence to organ dysfunction compared with mean values. Minimum pH values at 24-48 h had the highest univariate (r(2)  =  0.43) correspondence to organ dysfunction. In contrast, mean @entity1 values at 24-48 h showed no correspondence (r(2)  =  0.07) to organ dysfunction. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that 24-48  h of minimum pH had the highest numerical effect on organ dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Correspondence between organ dysfunction and @entity1 deteriorated in contrast to increasing correspondence between organ dysfunction and pH measured within 48  h after injury.

title: The effect of pH versus base deficit on organ failure in @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 ( @entity4 ), a @entity1 respiratory cilia motility, is often difficult to diagnose. Recent studies show low nasal @entity3 (nNO) is closely linked to @entity4 , allowing the use of nNO measurement for @entity4 assessments. Nasal NO cutoff values for @entity4 are stratified by age, given nNO levels normally increase with age. However, normative values for nNO have not been established for @entity0 less than 1 year old. In this study, we aim to establish normative values for nNO in @entity0 and determine their utility in guiding @entity0 @entity4 assessment. METHODS AND RESULTS: We obtained 42 nNO values from @entity0 less than 1 year old without a history of @entity4 or recurrent sinopulmonary disease. Using regression analysis, we estimated the mean age-adjusted nNO values and established a 95% prediction interval (PI) for normal nNO. Using these findings, we were able to show 14 of 15 @entity0 @entity4 @entity0 had abnormally low nNO with values below the 95% PI. CONCLUSIONS: In this study we determined a regression model that best fits normative nNO values for @entity0 less than 1 year old. This model identified the majority of @entity4 @entity0 as having abnormally low nNO. These findings suggest nNO measurement can help guide @entity4 assessment in @entity0 , and perhaps other @entity2 with a link to low nNO. With early assessments, earlier clinical intervention may be possible to slow disease progression and help reduce pulmonary morbidity.

title: Establishing normative nasal XXXX values in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 ( @entity4 ), a @entity1 respiratory cilia motility, is often difficult to diagnose. Recent studies show low nasal @entity3 (nNO) is closely linked to @entity4 , allowing the use of nNO measurement for @entity4 assessments. Nasal NO cutoff values for @entity4 are stratified by age, given nNO levels normally increase with age. However, normative values for nNO have not been established for @entity0 less than 1 year old. In this study, we aim to establish normative values for nNO in @entity0 and determine their utility in guiding @entity0 @entity4 assessment. METHODS AND RESULTS: We obtained 42 nNO values from @entity0 less than 1 year old without a history of @entity4 or recurrent sinopulmonary disease. Using regression analysis, we estimated the mean age-adjusted nNO values and established a 95% prediction interval (PI) for normal nNO. Using these findings, we were able to show 14 of 15 @entity0 @entity4 @entity0 had abnormally low nNO with values below the 95% PI. CONCLUSIONS: In this study we determined a regression model that best fits normative nNO values for @entity0 less than 1 year old. This model identified the majority of @entity4 @entity0 as having abnormally low nNO. These findings suggest nNO measurement can help guide @entity4 assessment in @entity0 , and perhaps other @entity2 with a link to low nNO. With early assessments, earlier clinical intervention may be possible to slow disease progression and help reduce pulmonary morbidity.

title: Establishing normative nasal @entity3 values in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Ageing is directly associated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) deposition and decline of metabolically active cellular mass, which may determine age-related shifts in substrate oxidation and increased cardiometabolic risk. We tested whether @entity3 and fasting respiratory quotient (RQ, an index of macronutrient oxidation) changed with age and if they were associated with increased risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: A total of 2819 adult @entity0 (age range: 18-81 years; @entity0 / @entity0 : 894/1925) were included; we collected history, anthropometric measures, biochemistry, smoking habits, and physical activity. The body mass index range was 18.5-60.2  kg/m(2). Gas exchanges (VO2 and VCO2) were measured by indirect calorimetry in fasting conditions, and RQ was calculated. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance. Abdominal subcutaneous fat and @entity3 were measured by ultrasonography. @entity1 was diagnosed using harmonised international criteria. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were utilised. RESULTS: @entity3 increased with age in both @entity0 (r  =  0.31, p  <  0.001) and @entity0 (r  =  0.37, p  <  0.001). Basal RQ was not significantly associated with age (p  =  0.49) and @entity3 (p  =  0.20); in addition, basal RQ was not a significant predictor of @entity1 (OR 3.31, 0.57-19.08, p  =  0.27). @entity3 was the primary predictor of @entity1 risk in a fully adjusted logistic model (OR 4.25, 3.01-5.99, p  <  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 remains one of the most important risk factors for cardiometabolic risk and is a significant predictor of @entity1 . Post-absorptive substrate oxidation does not appear to play a significant role in age-related changes in body composition and cardiometabolic risk, except for a correlation with @entity2 concentration.

title: Age-related changes in basal substrate oxidation and visceral adiposity and their association with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: No previous studies have investigated a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with an immersed ergocycle and Mediterranean diet counseling (Med) in @entity1 @entity0 . We aimed to compare the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention, Med and @entity5 with a water-immersed versus dryland ergocycle, on cardiometabolic and exercise parameters in @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified 95 @entity1 @entity0 at their entry into a 9-month Med and @entity5 program: 21 were trained on a water-immersed ergocycle and 74 on a standard dryland ergocycle. Body composition, cardiometabolic and exercise parameters were measured before and after the program. RESULTS: For @entity1 @entity0 performing water- and dryland-exercise (mean age 58  9 years versus 55  7 years), BMI was higher for the water- than dryland-exercise group (39.4  8.3kg/m(2) versus 34.7  5.1kg/m(2), P<0.05), and total fat mass, fasting glycemia and @entity4 level were higher (P<0.05). Both groups showed similarly improved body composition variables (body mass, waist circumference, fat mass, P<0.001), fasting glycemia and @entity4 level (P<0.05). Initial maximal aerobic capacity ( @entity2 [ @entity2 ]) and maximal heart rate (HRmax) were lower for the water- than dryland-exercise group (P<0.05). For both groups, @entity2 , resting HR, resting blood pressure, abdominal and leg muscle endurance were similarly improved (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A long-term Mediterranean diet and @entity5 program with water-cycling is as effective as a dryland program in improving body composition, fasting @entity3 , @entity4 level, blood pressure and fitness in @entity1 @entity0 . A Mediterranean diet combined with water-cycling @entity5 may be efficient for severely @entity1 @entity0 at high risk of musculoskeletal conditions.

title: Effect of aquatic interval training with Mediterranean diet counseling in XXXX @entity0 : Results of a preliminary study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: No previous studies have investigated a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with an immersed ergocycle and Mediterranean diet counseling (Med) in @entity1 @entity0 . We aimed to compare the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention, Med and @entity5 with a water-immersed versus dryland ergocycle, on cardiometabolic and exercise parameters in @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: We retrospectively identified 95 @entity1 @entity0 at their entry into a 9-month Med and @entity5 program: 21 were trained on a water-immersed ergocycle and 74 on a standard dryland ergocycle. Body composition, cardiometabolic and exercise parameters were measured before and after the program. RESULTS: For @entity1 @entity0 performing water- and dryland-exercise (mean age 58  9 years versus 55  7 years), BMI was higher for the water- than dryland-exercise group (39.4  8.3kg/m(2) versus 34.7  5.1kg/m(2), P<0.05), and total fat mass, fasting glycemia and @entity4 level were higher (P<0.05). Both groups showed similarly improved body composition variables (body mass, waist circumference, fat mass, P<0.001), fasting glycemia and @entity4 level (P<0.05). Initial maximal aerobic capacity ( @entity2 [ @entity2 ]) and maximal heart rate (HRmax) were lower for the water- than dryland-exercise group (P<0.05). For both groups, @entity2 , resting HR, resting blood pressure, abdominal and leg muscle endurance were similarly improved (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A long-term Mediterranean diet and @entity5 program with water-cycling is as effective as a dryland program in improving body composition, fasting @entity3 , @entity4 level, blood pressure and fitness in @entity1 @entity0 . A Mediterranean diet combined with water-cycling @entity5 may be efficient for severely @entity1 @entity0 at high risk of musculoskeletal conditions.

title: Effect of aquatic interval training with Mediterranean diet counseling in @entity1 XXXX : Results of a preliminary study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Between 1969 and 1984, a group of 54 @entity0 with @entity3 was treated at the Medical Radiation Institute of the University of T  bingen. During the first years conventional X-ray irradiation was applied, and since 1974 @entity0 were submitted to 3 or 5 MeV electron irradiation of a linear accelerator, until a total focal dose of 20 Gy was accumulated. 78% of these @entity0 were between 50 and 60 years old. Sixteen @entity0 suffered from a simultaneous @entity4 , one @entity0 had a @entity2 of mamma virilis. The treatment results reached from satisfactory until very good in 69% of all cases. Complete regression or a considerable improvement was obtained for indurations in 59%, for deviations in 69%, and for erection algesia in 79%. Radiogenic damages can be excluded in case of a gonad exposition of 0.2 Gy. There were no permanent @entity1 after a total focal dose of 20 Gy. The prognostic importance of an early treatment is underlined; late stages presenting ossifications can be treated only by surgery. For routine diagnosis of site, extent, and possible mineralization of the regions involved, soft ray phallography performed with the technique of mammography can be used.

title: [Radiation treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity4 antagonists provide a unique tool to reduce myocardial @entity1 demand and prevent increases in coronary vasomotor tone. For @entity0 with @entity17 , @entity16 , @entity5 and @entity12 are extremely effective in preventing @entity13 of @entity14 and symptoms of @entity2 . Unstable @entity9 is a more complex pathophysiologic syndrome with @entity13 of @entity2 due to increases in coronary vasomotor tone, intermittent @entity10 or alterations in the underlying @entity7 . Each of the @entity4 antagonists is effective as monotherapy in decreasing the frequency of @entity9 at rest. @entity5 is the only @entity4 antagonist that has been studied in a combination regimen with beta blockers and @entity15 for @entity0 with @entity11 , and control of @entity9 is better with the combination regimen than with either form of therapy alone. Although symptoms of @entity8 in @entity11 are reduced by @entity4 antagonists, these agents do not seem to decrease the incidence of adverse outcomes. Antiplatelet therapy appears to improve morbidity and mortality in @entity0 with @entity11 , suggesting that @entity6 formation may play a central role in that disorder. Episodes of silent or asymptomatic @entity8 , identified by ST-segment monitoring, occur in a variety of disorders of @entity3 . Among @entity0 with @entity17 and @entity11 , @entity13 of silent @entity2 appear to be as frequent as @entity13 of @entity9 and the @entity4 antagonists are effective in decreasing @entity13 of @entity2 regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. Persisting @entity13 of silent @entity2 among @entity0 with @entity11 despite maximal medical therapy identify @entity0 at high risk for an early unfavorable outcome. Among @entity0 with stable exertional @entity9 , @entity13 of silent @entity2 may be up to 5 times as frequent as @entity13 of @entity9 , and may be due to increases in coronary vasomotor tone, transient @entity10 or increases in myocardial @entity1 demand. Preliminary experience suggests that @entity4 antagonists and beta blockers are effective in decreasing @entity13 of silent @entity2 in @entity0 with stable exertional @entity9 and that a combination regimen may be more effective than either form of therapy alone.

title: @entity4 antagonists for @entity17 , @entity11 and XXXX : therapeutic tool and probe for identification of pathophysiologic mechanisms.

answer: @entity8