abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) decreases mortality, improves functional status, and induces reverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling in selected populations. However, the effect of CRT on @entity2 is controversial. This is particularly important among @entity0 with mild @entity1 ( @entity1 ), in whom @entity3 is a leading cause of mortality. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to assess the impact of CRT on @entity2 in mild @entity1 . METHODS: The REsynchronization reVErses Remodeling in @entity4 (REVERSE) study is a multicenter randomized, double-blind trial of CRT among @entity0 with mild systolic @entity1 . The time to first appropriate, treated @entity5 / @entity6 (VT/VF) episode or spontaneous sustained VT in cardiac resynchronization therapy plus defibrillation device (CRT-D) @entity0 was compared between groups, as were predictors of VT/VF. RESULTS: The study randomized 508 @entity0 who received CRT-D devices. There were no significant demographic differences between groups. There were no differences in VT/VF episodes or VT storm between groups. Specifically, in the CRT ON group, the estimated event rate was 18.7% at 2 years, compared with 21.9% in the CRT OFF group (hazard ratio 1.05, P = .84). However, among CRT ON @entity0 , those with reverse remodeling had a reduced incidence of VT/VF compared with those without remodeling (5.6% vs. 16.3%, hazard ratio 0.31, P = .001). CONCLUSION: CRT for up to 2 years does not impact VT/VF in mild @entity1 despite marked clinical and remodeling effects of pacing. This neutral effect may be attributable to competing antiarrhythmic effects of reverse remodeling and proarrhythmic effect of pacing. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00271154.

title: The impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy on the incidence of @entity2 in mild XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) decreases mortality, improves functional status, and induces reverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling in selected populations. However, the effect of CRT on @entity2 is controversial. This is particularly important among @entity0 with mild @entity1 ( @entity1 ), in whom @entity3 is a leading cause of mortality. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to assess the impact of CRT on @entity2 in mild @entity1 . METHODS: The REsynchronization reVErses Remodeling in @entity4 (REVERSE) study is a multicenter randomized, double-blind trial of CRT among @entity0 with mild systolic @entity1 . The time to first appropriate, treated @entity5 / @entity6 (VT/VF) episode or spontaneous sustained VT in cardiac resynchronization therapy plus defibrillation device (CRT-D) @entity0 was compared between groups, as were predictors of VT/VF. RESULTS: The study randomized 508 @entity0 who received CRT-D devices. There were no significant demographic differences between groups. There were no differences in VT/VF episodes or VT storm between groups. Specifically, in the CRT ON group, the estimated event rate was 18.7% at 2 years, compared with 21.9% in the CRT OFF group (hazard ratio 1.05, P = .84). However, among CRT ON @entity0 , those with reverse remodeling had a reduced incidence of VT/VF compared with those without remodeling (5.6% vs. 16.3%, hazard ratio 0.31, P = .001). CONCLUSION: CRT for up to 2 years does not impact VT/VF in mild @entity1 despite marked clinical and remodeling effects of pacing. This neutral effect may be attributable to competing antiarrhythmic effects of reverse remodeling and proarrhythmic effect of pacing. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00271154.

title: The impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy on the incidence of XXXX in mild @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: There is substantial research linking @entity1 and @entity0 use to subsequent @entity2 use, yet the specificity of this relationship is still under debate. The aim of this study was to examine which substance use model--the gateway hypothesis, the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) model and/or the route of administration model--best explains the relationship between early onset of @entity1 and @entity0 use and subsequent @entity2 use initiation. METHODS: We used data from 2,113 (51% female) Dutch adolescents who participated in three consecutive assessment waves (mean age: 11.09, 13.56, and 16.27 years, respectively) of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey study. (Pre)adolescent @entity2 , @entity1 and @entity0 use was assessed using the Youth Self-Report and a TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey developed questionnaire. RESULTS: We found that, during adolescence, early onset of @entity1 use does not pose a significantly higher risk of initiating @entity2 use than early onset @entity0 use. Therefore, we can rule out the route of administration model. Moreover, we found that adolescents who reported early onset comorbid use of both @entity1 and @entity0 have a higher likelihood to initiate @entity2 use than adolescents who have tried either @entity1 or @entity0 . The gateway hypothesis is not broad enough to explain this finding. Therefore, the @entity3 model best predicts our findings. CONCLUSION: Future research on adolescent @entity2 initiation should focus on testing the robustness of the @entity3 model. Furthermore, identifying adolescents who use both @entity1 and @entity0 , before the age of 13, may help to curtail the onset of @entity2 use.

title: Can the gateway hypothesis, the @entity3 model and/or, the route of administration model predict initiation of XXXX use during adolescence? A survival analysis--the TRAILS study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: There is substantial research linking @entity1 and @entity0 use to subsequent @entity2 use, yet the specificity of this relationship is still under debate. The aim of this study was to examine which substance use model--the gateway hypothesis, the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) model and/or the route of administration model--best explains the relationship between early onset of @entity1 and @entity0 use and subsequent @entity2 use initiation. METHODS: We used data from 2,113 (51% female) Dutch adolescents who participated in three consecutive assessment waves (mean age: 11.09, 13.56, and 16.27 years, respectively) of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey study. (Pre)adolescent @entity2 , @entity1 and @entity0 use was assessed using the Youth Self-Report and a TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey developed questionnaire. RESULTS: We found that, during adolescence, early onset of @entity1 use does not pose a significantly higher risk of initiating @entity2 use than early onset @entity0 use. Therefore, we can rule out the route of administration model. Moreover, we found that adolescents who reported early onset comorbid use of both @entity1 and @entity0 have a higher likelihood to initiate @entity2 use than adolescents who have tried either @entity1 or @entity0 . The gateway hypothesis is not broad enough to explain this finding. Therefore, the @entity3 model best predicts our findings. CONCLUSION: Future research on adolescent @entity2 initiation should focus on testing the robustness of the @entity3 model. Furthermore, identifying adolescents who use both @entity1 and @entity0 , before the age of 13, may help to curtail the onset of @entity2 use.

title: Can the gateway hypothesis, the XXXX model and/or, the route of administration model predict initiation of @entity2 use during adolescence? A survival analysis--the TRAILS study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The importance of the oncogene Ras in @entity3 is well appreciated. The @entity2 effects of the constitutively active mutant Ras-Val12 are revealed by clinical syndromes due to the Ras mutations and experimental studies. We examined the possible anti- @entity2 effect of Ras inhibition in vitro using @entity0 neonatal cardiomyocytes (NRCM) and in vivo in the setting of pressure-overload left ventricular (LV) @entity2 ( @entity5 ) in @entity0 . Ras functions were modulated via adenovirus directed gene transfer of active mutant Ras-Val12 or dominant negative mutant N17-DN-Ras (DN-Ras). Ras-Val12 expression in vitro activates @entity6 resulting in pro- @entity2 and cardio-toxic effects on NRCM beating and Z-line organization. In contrast, the DN-Ras was antihypertrophic on NRCM, inhibited @entity6 and exerted cardio-protective effects attested by preserved NRCM beating and Z line structure. Additional experiments with silencing @entity4 gene strategy corroborated the antihypertrophic effects of siRNA- @entity4 on NRCM. In vivo, with the @entity5 model, both Ras mutants were associated with similar @entity2 two weeks after simultaneous induction of @entity5 and Ras-mutant gene transfer. However, LV diameters were higher and LV fractional shortening lower in the Ras-Val12 group compared to control and DN-Ras. Moreover, DN-Ras reduced the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes in vivo, and decreased the expression of markers of pathologic @entity3 . In isolated adult cardiomyocytes after 2 weeks of @entity5 and Ras-mutant gene transfer, DN-Ras improved sarcomere shortening and @entity1 transients compared to Ras-Val12. Overall, DN-Ras promotes a more physiological form of @entity2 , suggesting an interesting therapeutic target for pathological @entity3 .

title: Dominant negative Ras attenuates pathological ventricular remodeling in pressure overload XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To discuss the surgical strategies and analyze the clinical outcomes of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: The clinical data of 49 @entity1 @entity0 surgically treated between January 2009 and December 2013 was analyzed retrospectively. Among the 49 @entity0 , 12 @entity0 were male and 37 were female, mean age (49    11) years. Thirty-five @entity0 had @entity3 , and 14 had @entity2 . Treatment strategies included one-stage operation ( @entity1 were treated in one-stage with an unilateral approach), two-stage treatment ( @entity1 were treated stage by stage) and partial treatment (only ruptured @entity2 was treated). Postoperative CT angiograms (CTA) or digital subtraction angiograms (DSA) were reviewed and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores were evaluated during follow-up period. RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity0 (65.3%) underwent one-stage operation, 9 @entity0 (18.4%) underwent two-stage treatment, and 8 @entity0 (16.3%) underwent partial treatment. Forty-seven @entity0 were followed up 4-49 months, mean (22    7) months. Postoperative CTA or DSA showed no @entity2 recurrence. According to the GOS scores, 41 @entity0 (83.7%) with good outcomes (GOS 4, 5), 6 @entity0 (12.2%) were disabled (GOS 2, 3) and 2 @entity0 (4.1%) were dead (GOS 1). CONCLUSION: Selecting the right @entity0 for surgery and making personalized surgical strategies based on the characteristics of @entity0 and @entity2 could improve the surgical outcomes of @entity1 .

title: [Surgical treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 is crucial for keeping the patent ductus arteriosus in critical @entity1 for the survival and palliation of particularly prematurely born babies until a cardiosurgical intervention is available. In this study, the side effects of @entity4 in newborns with critical @entity1 and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Thirty-five newborns diagnosed with critical @entity1 were treated with @entity4 between January 2012 and September 2014 at our hospital. @entity0 charts were examined for @entity4 side effects (metabolic, @entity3 , @entity2 ), clinical status, and prognosis. Acquired data were analyzed in the SPSS 20.0 program. @entity0 with birth weight under 2500  g needed more days of @entity4 infusion than ones with birthweight over 2500  g (P  =  0.016). The ratio of @entity0 with birth weight under 2500  g who received @entity4 longer than 7  days was higher than the @entity0 with birth weight over 2500  g (P  =  0.02). Eighteen side effects were encountered in 11 of 35 @entity0 (31  %). Of these side effects, 1 @entity0 had 4, 4 @entity0 had 2, and 6 @entity0 had only 1 side effect. Discontinuation of the therapy was never needed. @entity4 is an accepted therapy modality for survival and outcome in critical @entity1 in particularly low-birth-weight babies until a surgical intervention is available. Side effects are not less encountered but are almost always manageable, and discontinuation is not needed.

title: Long-Term XXXX Infusion for Newborns with Critical @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 is crucial for keeping the patent ductus arteriosus in critical @entity1 for the survival and palliation of particularly prematurely born babies until a cardiosurgical intervention is available. In this study, the side effects of @entity4 in newborns with critical @entity1 and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Thirty-five newborns diagnosed with critical @entity1 were treated with @entity4 between January 2012 and September 2014 at our hospital. @entity0 charts were examined for @entity4 side effects (metabolic, @entity3 , @entity2 ), clinical status, and prognosis. Acquired data were analyzed in the SPSS 20.0 program. @entity0 with birth weight under 2500  g needed more days of @entity4 infusion than ones with birthweight over 2500  g (P  =  0.016). The ratio of @entity0 with birth weight under 2500  g who received @entity4 longer than 7  days was higher than the @entity0 with birth weight over 2500  g (P  =  0.02). Eighteen side effects were encountered in 11 of 35 @entity0 (31  %). Of these side effects, 1 @entity0 had 4, 4 @entity0 had 2, and 6 @entity0 had only 1 side effect. Discontinuation of the therapy was never needed. @entity4 is an accepted therapy modality for survival and outcome in critical @entity1 in particularly low-birth-weight babies until a surgical intervention is available. Side effects are not less encountered but are almost always manageable, and discontinuation is not needed.

title: Long-Term @entity4 Infusion for Newborns with Critical XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a need to improve participation in @entity1 screening. Our objective was to assess the impact of a signature from the @entity0 's general practitioner on a letter inviting @entity0 to participate in a @entity1 screening. METHOD: We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial with 57 general practitioners established in Paris for more than 5 years, randomized to intervention or usual-care arms. There were 3422 @entity0 included, ages 50-74 years, from general practitioner @entity0 files, and eligible for an invitation letter or a reminder letter to participate in the national population-based screening program. In the intervention arm, @entity0 received a standard letter signed by their general practitioner inviting them to visit the general practitioner's office for a fecal occult blood test if they were eligible. Control @entity0 received the standard invitation letter or the standard reminder. All letters were sent by the district screening organization. The main outcome was the proportion of @entity0 who took the fecal occult blood test within 6 months after the invitation. RESULTS: Among @entity0 eligible for the study, 508 (14.8%) took a fecal occult blood test after being invited; 285 (15%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.5-16.7) in the intervention group and 223 (14.6%; 95% CI, 12.9-16.5) in the control group, with no statistical difference between the 2 groups (odds ratio 1.04; 95% CI, 0.83-1.31; P  = .731). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of a general practitioner's signature to a standard letter inviting @entity0 to take a fecal occult blood test had no impact on the frequency of @entity0 taking the fecal occult blood test in the Paris program of @entity1 screening.

title: Impact of a Doctor's Invitation on Participation in XXXX : A Cluster Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High treatment failure rates and the need for prolonged antimicrobial therapy for @entity4 and @entity0 suggest that antimicrobial bone penetration may be incomplete. Assessment of the bone pharmacokinetics of antimicrobials is challenged by a lack of validated methods. In this study, 1000mg of @entity3 was administered as a single dose over 100min to eight female @entity2 . Plasma, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and bone pharmacokinetics were investigated over 12h. Microdialysis was applied for collection of samples in bone and @entity1 . The @entity3 concentration in microdialysates was determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, whilst the free plasma concentration was determined using Cobas c501. The mean (95% CI) area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-last; min g/mL) was 9375 (7445-11304), 9304 (7374-11233), 5998 (3955-8040) and 3451 (1522-5381) for plasma, @entity1 , and cancellous and cortical bone, respectively (ANOVA P-value <0.001). Both cortical and cancellous bone AUC0-last were lower than that of free plasma (P<0.01). Peak drug concentrations (Cmax) in cortical and cancellous bone were also significantly lower than that of free plasma (P<0.001). Moreover, both AUC0-last and Cmax were significantly lower in cortical bone than in cancellous bone (P<0.025). Bone penetration of @entity3 was found to be incomplete and delayed. Significant differences in pharmacokinetics between cancellous and cortical bone suggest that bone may not be considered as one compartment. Future studies should focus on validating the applicability of microdialysis for assessment of antimicrobial bone pharmacokinetics.

title: Single-dose pharmacokinetics of XXXX in porcine cancellous and cortical bone determined by microdialysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an index of systemic inflammatory burden in @entity2 . An elevated NLR has been associated with poor prognosis in a number of @entity2 sites. We investigated its role in a cohort of @entity0 with locally advanced @entity3 . METHODS: Eligible @entity0 had primary @entity4 treated with chemoradiotherapy and a minimum follow-up of 12 months (unless deceased). NLR was analysed as <5 vs. >= 5 and above and below the median. The primary endpoint was @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and secondary endpoints @entity1 free survival and locoregional relapse free survival. Actuarial Kaplan-Meier statistics and log rank test were used. Univariate analysis for age (continuous), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (0 vs. 1), gender (male vs. female), smoking (yes vs. no), American Joint Committee on @entity2 stage (III vs. IV) and NLR (<5 vs. >= 5 and <3.3 vs. >= 3.3) were performed. RESULTS: Forty-six @entity0 were included in this analysis. Median NLR was 3.3 (0.4-22.8). After a median follow-up of 34 months (13-47 months), the 2-year estimated @entity5 , @entity1 free survival and locoregional relapse free survival for NLR   <5 vs. >= 5 were 89% vs. 61% (p   =   0.017), 84% vs. 64% (p   =   0.083) and 81% vs. 70% (p   =   0.17) respectively. On univariate analysis NLR   >= 5 (p   =   0.025), older age (p   =   0.01) and ECOG 1 (p   =   0.025) were significant for @entity5 . CONCLUSION: In this cohort of locally advanced @entity3 @entity0 treated with chemoradiotherapy, pre-treatment NLR   >= 5 was prognostic for mortality. Further studies are required to confirm these results and to assess the interaction with other prognostic factors.

title: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3 is a very common @entity1 ( @entity1 ) diagnosis accounting for greater than 1.5 million outpatient visits and 200,000 hospitalizations annually among @entity0 in the United States. Although guidelines exist to assist clinicians, they do not clearly address topics for which evidence is new or limited, including the use of antiemetic agents, probiotics, and intravenous (IV) fluid rehydration regimens. This study sought to describe the @entity1 treatments administered to @entity0 with @entity3 and to compare management between Canadian and U.S. physicians practicing pediatric emergency medicine (PEM). METHODS: Members of PEM research networks located in Canada and the United States were invited to participate in a cross-sectional, Internet-based survey. @entity0 were included if they are attending physicians and provide care to @entity0 <18 years of age in an @entity1 . RESULTS: In total, 235 of 339 (73%) eligible individuals responded. A total of 103 of 136 Canadian physicians (76%) report initiating oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in @entity0 with moderate @entity5 , compared with 44 of 94 (47%) of their U.S. colleagues (p<0.001). The latter more often administer antiemetic agents to @entity0 with @entity2 (67% vs. 45%; p=0.001). American physicians administer larger IV fluid bolus volumes (p<0.001) and over shorter time periods (p=0.001) and repeat the fluid boluses more frequently (p<0.001). Probiotics are routinely recommended by only 35 of 230 respondents (15%). CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of pediatric @entity4 varies by geographic location and differs significantly between Canadian and American PEM physicians. Oral rehydration continues to be underused, particularly in the United States. Probiotic use remains uncommon, while @entity6 administration has become routine. @entity0 frequently receive IV rehydration, with the rate and volume administered being greater in the United States.

title: The treatment of pediatric XXXX : a comparative analysis of pediatric emergency physicians' practice patterns.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity0 brain can automatically detect auditory changes, as indexed by the mismatch negativity of event-related potentials. The mechanisms that underlie this response are poorly understood. We recorded primary auditory cortical and hippocampal (dentate gyrus, @entity2 ) local-field potentials to serial tones in @entity3 -anesthetized @entity1 . In an oddball condition, a rare (deviant) tone (p=0.11) randomly replaced a repeated (standard) tone. The deviant tone was either lower (2200, 2700, 3200, 3700Hz) or higher (4300, 4800, 5300, 5800Hz) in frequency than the standard tone (4000Hz). In an equiprobability control condition, all nine tones were presented at random (p=0.11). Differential responses to deviant tones relative to the standard tone were found in the auditory cortex and the dentate gyrus but not in @entity2 . Only in the dentate gyrus, the responses were found to be standard- (i.e., oddball condition-) specific. In the auditory cortex, the sound frequencies themselves sufficed to explain their generation. These findings tentatively suggest dissociation among non-contextual afferent, contextual afferent and auditory change detection processes. Most importantly, they remind us about the importance of strict control of physical sound features in mismatch negativity studies in animals.

title: Auditory cortical and hippocampal local-field potentials to frequency deviant tones in XXXX -anesthetized @entity1 : An unexpected role of the sound frequencies themselves.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity0 brain can automatically detect auditory changes, as indexed by the mismatch negativity of event-related potentials. The mechanisms that underlie this response are poorly understood. We recorded primary auditory cortical and hippocampal (dentate gyrus, @entity2 ) local-field potentials to serial tones in @entity3 -anesthetized @entity1 . In an oddball condition, a rare (deviant) tone (p=0.11) randomly replaced a repeated (standard) tone. The deviant tone was either lower (2200, 2700, 3200, 3700Hz) or higher (4300, 4800, 5300, 5800Hz) in frequency than the standard tone (4000Hz). In an equiprobability control condition, all nine tones were presented at random (p=0.11). Differential responses to deviant tones relative to the standard tone were found in the auditory cortex and the dentate gyrus but not in @entity2 . Only in the dentate gyrus, the responses were found to be standard- (i.e., oddball condition-) specific. In the auditory cortex, the sound frequencies themselves sufficed to explain their generation. These findings tentatively suggest dissociation among non-contextual afferent, contextual afferent and auditory change detection processes. Most importantly, they remind us about the importance of strict control of physical sound features in mismatch negativity studies in animals.

title: Auditory cortical and hippocampal local-field potentials to frequency deviant tones in @entity3 -anesthetized XXXX : An unexpected role of the sound frequencies themselves.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 10 year-old, spayed female Domestic Short-Haired (DSH) cat was diagnosed with a large primary @entity5 and exenteration was recommended. Thoracic radiographs, abdominal ultrasonography, and complete blood count and serum biochemistry panel did not reveal any abnormality compatible with @entity1 and surgery was performed. Histopathologic study of the eye confirmed a @entity4 . Five months later, the cat presented with a lameness of the right anterior extremity. On physical exam the right elbow was swollen and @entity3 . Radiographs showed a severe @entity6 of the radial head and proximal diaphysis. Fine needle aspiration of the radius head identified a round cell @entity2 with scattered cells containing intracytoplasmatic pigmented granules, compatible with @entity4 . The owners decided not to treat the @entity0 with chemotherapy and declined a biopsy. Two months later, the cat died and necropsy was performed confirming bone metastasis of the @entity5 . A diagnosis of generalized metastasis from primary @entity4 was made. This report describes, for the first time, long bone metastasis from an @entity5 in a cat.

title: Unusual presentation of a metastatic XXXX in a cat.

answer: @entity5


abstract: RATIONALE: Prepulse inhibition (PPI) refers to the reduction of the @entity2 response magnitude when a startling stimulus is closely preceded by a weak stimulus. PPI is commonly used to measure sensorimotor gating. In @entity0 , the PPI reduction induced by the @entity3 agonist @entity7 can be reversed by systemic administration of @entity4 . A high concentration of nicotinic receptors is found in the lateral habenula (LHb), an epithalamic structure with efferent projections to brain regions involved in the modulation of PPI, which has been shown to regulate the activity of midbrain @entity3 neurons. OBJECTIVES: The prospective role of nicotinic receptors in the LHb in the regulation of PPI was assessed in this study, using different pharmacological models of @entity1 . METHODS: Interactions between systemic @entity8 and @entity5 and intra-LHb infusions of @entity9 (10  g/side) or @entity4 (30  g/side) on PPI were analyzed in Experiments 1 and 2. Intra-LHb infusions of different @entity4 doses (25, and 50  g/side) and their interactions with systemic administration of @entity8 or @entity6 on PPI were examined in Experiments 3 and 4. RESULTS: Infusions of @entity4 into the LHb dose-dependently attenuated @entity8 -induced @entity1 but had no effect on PPI disruptions caused by @entity6 . Intra-LHb @entity9 infusions did not affect PPI nor interact with dopaminergic manipulations. CONCLUSIONS: These results are congruent with previous reports of systemic @entity4 effects on PPI, suggesting a role of the LHb in the attenuation of @entity1 caused by the hyperactivity of @entity3 systems.

title: Role of nicotinic receptors in the lateral habenula in the attenuation of @entity8 -induced prepulse inhibition deficits of the acoustic XXXX response in @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: RATIONALE: Prepulse inhibition (PPI) refers to the reduction of the @entity2 response magnitude when a startling stimulus is closely preceded by a weak stimulus. PPI is commonly used to measure sensorimotor gating. In @entity0 , the PPI reduction induced by the @entity3 agonist @entity7 can be reversed by systemic administration of @entity4 . A high concentration of nicotinic receptors is found in the lateral habenula (LHb), an epithalamic structure with efferent projections to brain regions involved in the modulation of PPI, which has been shown to regulate the activity of midbrain @entity3 neurons. OBJECTIVES: The prospective role of nicotinic receptors in the LHb in the regulation of PPI was assessed in this study, using different pharmacological models of @entity1 . METHODS: Interactions between systemic @entity8 and @entity5 and intra-LHb infusions of @entity9 (10  g/side) or @entity4 (30  g/side) on PPI were analyzed in Experiments 1 and 2. Intra-LHb infusions of different @entity4 doses (25, and 50  g/side) and their interactions with systemic administration of @entity8 or @entity6 on PPI were examined in Experiments 3 and 4. RESULTS: Infusions of @entity4 into the LHb dose-dependently attenuated @entity8 -induced @entity1 but had no effect on PPI disruptions caused by @entity6 . Intra-LHb @entity9 infusions did not affect PPI nor interact with dopaminergic manipulations. CONCLUSIONS: These results are congruent with previous reports of systemic @entity4 effects on PPI, suggesting a role of the LHb in the attenuation of @entity1 caused by the hyperactivity of @entity3 systems.

title: Role of nicotinic receptors in the lateral habenula in the attenuation of XXXX -induced prepulse inhibition deficits of the acoustic @entity2 response in @entity0 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: RATIONALE: Prepulse inhibition (PPI) refers to the reduction of the @entity2 response magnitude when a startling stimulus is closely preceded by a weak stimulus. PPI is commonly used to measure sensorimotor gating. In @entity0 , the PPI reduction induced by the @entity3 agonist @entity7 can be reversed by systemic administration of @entity4 . A high concentration of nicotinic receptors is found in the lateral habenula (LHb), an epithalamic structure with efferent projections to brain regions involved in the modulation of PPI, which has been shown to regulate the activity of midbrain @entity3 neurons. OBJECTIVES: The prospective role of nicotinic receptors in the LHb in the regulation of PPI was assessed in this study, using different pharmacological models of @entity1 . METHODS: Interactions between systemic @entity8 and @entity5 and intra-LHb infusions of @entity9 (10  g/side) or @entity4 (30  g/side) on PPI were analyzed in Experiments 1 and 2. Intra-LHb infusions of different @entity4 doses (25, and 50  g/side) and their interactions with systemic administration of @entity8 or @entity6 on PPI were examined in Experiments 3 and 4. RESULTS: Infusions of @entity4 into the LHb dose-dependently attenuated @entity8 -induced @entity1 but had no effect on PPI disruptions caused by @entity6 . Intra-LHb @entity9 infusions did not affect PPI nor interact with dopaminergic manipulations. CONCLUSIONS: These results are congruent with previous reports of systemic @entity4 effects on PPI, suggesting a role of the LHb in the attenuation of @entity1 caused by the hyperactivity of @entity3 systems.

title: Role of nicotinic receptors in the lateral habenula in the attenuation of @entity8 -induced prepulse inhibition deficits of the acoustic @entity2 response in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The effect of feeding pelleted total mixed ration (TMR) containing @entity2 middlings (WM) from durum @entity2 (Triticum durum Desf. cv. Appulo) as a @entity3 grain substitute on milk yield and composition performance was measured in Comisana Leccese crossbred lactating ewes. Forty ewes were divided into 2 equal groups and fed 1 of the 2 experimental diets for 18 wk. The control diet contained 255 g of @entity3 /kg of @entity0 ( @entity0 ) as the main starch source, whereas the experimental diet contained 500 g of WM/kg of @entity0 . To evaluate the in vivo digestibility of pelleted TMR, 4 adult rams were placed in metabolic cages and their individual feces and urine were collected. In the performance trial, ewe milk yield was recorded daily and individual milk samples were analyzed weekly for milk composition and to determine milk renneting parameters. The ewes fed both diets showed similar @entity0 , crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber intakes. Digestibility of @entity0 , organic matter, and crude protein of the 2 TMR was similar, but neutral detergent fiber digestibility was higher in the WM diet. In the milking trial, the WM diet increased milk fat percentage and yield but had no effect on milk yield, protein, @entity1 , and clotting properties compared with the control diet. Our findings indicate that WM can be fed to lactating ewes as an alternative to more traditional concentrate sources such as @entity3 . Feeding 50% of WM in a lactation diet supported milking performance in a manner similar a @entity3 -based diet. Moreover, the results may be applied in countries where @entity3 cultivation is adversely affected by the high cost of production.

title: Effect of XXXX middlings-based total mixed ration on milk production and composition responses of lactating dairy ewes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Different dairy @entity1 breeding schemes were compared using stochastic simulations, in which the accuracy of the genomic breeding values was dependent on the structure of the breeding scheme, through the availability of new genotyped animals with phenotypic information. Most studies that predict the gain by implementing genomic selection apply a deterministic approach that requires assumptions about the accuracy of the genomic breeding values. The achieved @entity0 , when genomic selection was the only selection method to directly identify elite sires for widespread use and progeny testing was omitted, was compared with using genomic selection for preselection of young bulls for progeny testing and to a conventional progeny test scheme. The rate of inbreeding could be reduced by selecting more sires every year. Selecting 20 sires directly on their genomic breeding values gave a higher @entity0 than any progeny testing scheme, with the same rate of inbreeding as the schemes that used genomic selection for preselection of bulls before progeny testing. The genomic selection breeding schemes could reduce the rate of inbreeding and still increase @entity0 , compared with the conventional breeding scheme. Since progeny testing is expensive, the breeding scheme omitting the progeny test will be the cheapest one. Keeping the progeny test and use of genomic selection for preselection still has some advantages. It gives higher accuracy of breeding values and does not require a complete restructuring of the breeding program. Comparing at the same rate of inbreeding, using genomic selection for elite sire selection only gives a 13% increase in @entity0 , compared with using genomic selection for preselection. One way to reduce the costs of the scheme where genomic selection was used for preselection is to reduce the number of progeny tested bulls. This was here achieved without getting lower @entity0 or a higher rate of inbreeding.

title: A comparison of dairy XXXX breeding designs that use genomic selection.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether more paired corticospinal-motoneuronal stimulation (PCMS) is more effective at inducing spinal level plasticity. METHODS: To produce facilitation, corticospinal volleys evoked by motor cortical transcranial magnetic stimulation ( @entity1 ) were timed to arrive at corticospinal-motoneuronal synapses prior to antidromic potentials evoked in motoneurones by electrical brachial plexus stimulation. Paired stimuli were delivered repeatedly. 50-pair conditioning (50-PCMS) was compared to 100 pairs in single block (100-PCMSsingle) and spaced (2 blocks of 50, 15-min break; 100-PCMSspaced) patterns, and to 50 single, unpaired @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Biceps responses to cervicomedullary stimulation (cervicomedullary motor evoked potentials, CMEPs) and @entity1 (motor evoked potentials, MEPs) were measured before and for 1h after conditioning (recorded each 5 min). RESULTS: After 100-PCMS, average CMEP areas were increased by 46    55% (mean    SD; n=10; 100-PCMSsingle) and 71    99% (100-PCMSspaced). 50-PCMS produced a non-significant 6    40% increase. After 100-PCMSsingle and 100-PCMSspaced, CMEPs were larger than those after @entity1 from 0 to 60 min (p<0.05). 100-PCMSsingle and 100-PCMSspaced produced more reliable changes than 50-PCMS. Overall, MEPs were larger at 35-60 min; however there were no differences between conditioning protocols. CONCLUSIONS: More PCMS produces more reliable enhancement of corticospinal transmission. SIGNIFICANCE: This technique has therapeutic potential to improve muscle control in @entity0 with reduced descending drive.

title: More conditioning stimuli enhance synaptic plasticity in the XXXX spinal cord.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective Preservation of residual low-frequency hearing has become a priority in cochlear implantation. The purpose of this study was to compare rates of hearing preservation and effects on performance of loss of low-frequency acoustic hearing with two different length electrodes. Study design Retrospective chart review. Setting Tertiary Care Hospital. @entity0 Twelve @entity0 were implanted with the CI422 a slim-straight electrode; the second group consisted of 10 @entity0 implanted with the Hybrid-L, a shorter hearing preservation electrode. Main outcome measure Audiometric thresholds and speech perception measures. Results At 1  year, 3/10 (30%) @entity0 with the Hybrid-L and 7/12 (58%) @entity0 with the CI422 lost residual acoustic hearing resulting in a profound @entity1 in the implanted ear. In comparing these @entity0 in particular, mean CNC words in the implanted ear were 72% in the CI422 electrode group and 15% in the Hybrid-L electrode group at 1  year (P  =  0.03). While hearing preservation rates with the Hybrid-L tended to be better, among recipients who lost residual hearing, speech perception was better in those with the longer CI422 electrode. Conclusions With emphasis on preservation of residual hearing, @entity0 need to be counseled regarding possible outcomes and options should @entity1 occur following implantation. While shorter electrodes may have better rates of hearing preservation, the @entity0 with the longer straight electrode in our study had significantly better speech understanding following the @entity1 .

title: Effects of XXXX on speech performance with the CI422 and the Hybrid-L electrode.

answer: @entity1


abstract: One hundred and seventy-two @entity2 strains were isolated from aquatic hosts including fish, turtle, frogs, shellfish and water itself. The aquatic organisms were compared with 45 clinical strains with regard to biotype, hemolysin, and antibiogram. The carrier rate of A. hydrophila in the aquatic environment was 61.7%. Of the aquatic strains 51% were hemolysin producers, equivalent to a capability for producing enterotoxin. The hemolysin-producing capability of aquatic strains was not significantly different from that of the clinical strains. The main code numbers or biotypes of aquatic strains were 3265 (29.4%), 3065 (17.5%), 7065 (9.6%), 7265, 3225 (each 8.5%). The main code number or biotypes of clinical strains were 3265 (36.1%), 3065 (9.8%), 7261 (6.6%), 2265, 3261 and 6241 (each 4.9%). Analysis of the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of both aquatic and clinical A. hydrophila strains using the microbroth dilution method showed that there is no significant difference in antibiotic susceptibility. Most aquatic and clinical strains were highly susceptible to @entity5 , @entity0 , @entity9 , @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity8 and @entity6 . Most strains of aquatic A. hydrophila were highly susceptible to @entity10 and @entity4 ; however, clinical strains were only moderately susceptible to the same drugs. Most aquatic and clinical strains were highly resistant to @entity1 , and moderately resistant to @entity12 . Clinical strains were moderately resistant to @entity11 ; however, aquatic strains were moderately susceptible to @entity11 . Based on the above findings, we may considered aquatic environment be, at least partially, the source of clinical strains. Furthermore, biotypes of aquatic A. hydrophila do not correspond to antibiogram or hemolysin-producing patterns.

title: Comparative study of the biotype, hemolysin-producing capability and antibiogram of the aquatic and the clinical strains of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A novel system for the neuro-motor rehabilitation of upper limbs was validated in three sub-acute post- @entity1 pa-tients. The system permits synchronized cortical and kinematic measures by integrating high-resolution EEG, passive robotic device and Virtual Reality. The brain functional re-organization was monitored in association with motor patterns replicating ac-tivities of daily living (ADL). @entity0 underwent 13 rehabilita-tion sessions. At sessions 1, 7 and 13, clinical tests were adminis-tered to assess the level of motor impairment, and EEG was rec-orded during rehabilitation task execution. For each session and rehabilitation task, four kinematic indices of motor performance were calculated and compared with the outcome of clinical tests. Functional source maps were obtained from EEG data and pro-jected on the real @entity0 ' anatomy (MRI data). Laterality indic-es were calculated for hemispheric dominance assessment. All @entity0 showed increased participation in the rehabilitation process. Cortical activation changes during recovery were de-tected in relation to different motor patterns, hence verifying the system's suitability to add quantitative measures of motor per-formance and neural recovery to classical tests. We conclude that this system seems a promising tool for novel robot-based rehabili-tation paradigms tailored to individual needs and neuro-motor responses of the @entity0 .

title: Monitoring Neuro-motor Recovery from XXXX with High-resolution EEG, Robotics and Virtual Reality: a Proof of Concept.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is a condition characterized by widespread chronic @entity1 . Due to the high prevalence and high costs, it has a substantial burden on society. Treatment results are diverse and only help a small subset of @entity0 . C2 nerve field stimulation, aka occipital nerve stimulation, is helpful and a minimally invasive treatment for primary @entity3 . Small C2 pilot studies seem to be beneficial in @entity2 . METHODS: Forty @entity0 were implanted with a subcutaneous electrode in the C2 dermatoma as part of a prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled cross-over study followed by an open label follow up period of 6 months. The @entity0 underwent 2 week periods of different doses of stimulation consisting of minimal (.1  mA), subthreshold, and suprathreshold (for paresthesias) in a randomized order. Twenty seven @entity0 received a permanent implant and 25 completed the 6 month open label follow up period. RESULTS: During the 6 week trial phase of the study, @entity0 had an overall decrease of 36% on the @entity2 impact questionnaire (FIQ), a decrease of 33% @entity2 @entity1 and improvement of 42% on the impact on daily life activities and quality. These results imply an overall improvement in the disease burden, maintained at 6 months follow up, as well as an improvement in life quality of 50%. Seventy six  percent of @entity0 were satisfied or very satisfied with their treatment. There seems to be a dose-response curve, with increasing amplitudes leading to better clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: Subcutaneous C2 nerve field stimulation seems to offer a safe and effective treatment option for selected medically intractable @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: C2 Nerve Field Stimulation for the Treatment of XXXX : A Prospective, Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled Cross-over Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and its genetic polymorphism is linked to the severity of @entity1 . Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) metabolized by P450 2C19 ( @entity4 ) is the chief medication in @entity1 treatment. The @entity4 genotype may influence the therapeutic effect of PPI for @entity1 . From November 2009 to June 2012, 184 @entity0 were enrolled in this study with endoscopy examination, 8 weeks of esomeprazole treatment, and 20 weeks of follow-up with questionnaire. These @entity0 also received endoscopy examination after 20 weeks. Blood was collected for genetic polymorphism analysis with polymerase chain reaction. After 8 weeks of treatment with esomeprazole, all of these 184 @entity0 had achieved complete symptom relief. However, in the following 12 weeks, 58.70% (108/184) complained of symptom relapse, 45.65% (84/184) @entity0 had persistent esophageal erosion verified by endoscopy, and in total, 76.09% (140/184) @entity0 had treatment failure at the end of 20 weeks. There were no influences between the genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 and @entity2 to treatment failure (p = 0.896). Therefore, prolonging PPI treatment and further lifestyle modification might be warranted for symptomatic mild @entity3 . There were no relationships between @entity2 and @entity4 in the treatment effect in mild @entity1 .

title: Genetic polymorphisms of XXXX and @entity2 have no influence on esomeprazole treatment for mild @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and its genetic polymorphism is linked to the severity of @entity1 . Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) metabolized by P450 2C19 ( @entity4 ) is the chief medication in @entity1 treatment. The @entity4 genotype may influence the therapeutic effect of PPI for @entity1 . From November 2009 to June 2012, 184 @entity0 were enrolled in this study with endoscopy examination, 8 weeks of esomeprazole treatment, and 20 weeks of follow-up with questionnaire. These @entity0 also received endoscopy examination after 20 weeks. Blood was collected for genetic polymorphism analysis with polymerase chain reaction. After 8 weeks of treatment with esomeprazole, all of these 184 @entity0 had achieved complete symptom relief. However, in the following 12 weeks, 58.70% (108/184) complained of symptom relapse, 45.65% (84/184) @entity0 had persistent esophageal erosion verified by endoscopy, and in total, 76.09% (140/184) @entity0 had treatment failure at the end of 20 weeks. There were no influences between the genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 and @entity2 to treatment failure (p = 0.896). Therefore, prolonging PPI treatment and further lifestyle modification might be warranted for symptomatic mild @entity3 . There were no relationships between @entity2 and @entity4 in the treatment effect in mild @entity1 .

title: Genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 and @entity2 have no influence on esomeprazole treatment for mild XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 is a potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and its genetic polymorphism is linked to the severity of @entity1 . Proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) metabolized by P450 2C19 ( @entity4 ) is the chief medication in @entity1 treatment. The @entity4 genotype may influence the therapeutic effect of PPI for @entity1 . From November 2009 to June 2012, 184 @entity0 were enrolled in this study with endoscopy examination, 8 weeks of esomeprazole treatment, and 20 weeks of follow-up with questionnaire. These @entity0 also received endoscopy examination after 20 weeks. Blood was collected for genetic polymorphism analysis with polymerase chain reaction. After 8 weeks of treatment with esomeprazole, all of these 184 @entity0 had achieved complete symptom relief. However, in the following 12 weeks, 58.70% (108/184) complained of symptom relapse, 45.65% (84/184) @entity0 had persistent esophageal erosion verified by endoscopy, and in total, 76.09% (140/184) @entity0 had treatment failure at the end of 20 weeks. There were no influences between the genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 and @entity2 to treatment failure (p = 0.896). Therefore, prolonging PPI treatment and further lifestyle modification might be warranted for symptomatic mild @entity3 . There were no relationships between @entity2 and @entity4 in the treatment effect in mild @entity1 .

title: Genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 and XXXX have no influence on esomeprazole treatment for mild @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: An unmet clinical need in @entity0 management is the accurate identification of @entity1 who will benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy. We hypothesized that integration of postradiation clonogenic survival data with gene expression data across @entity0 cell (BCC) lines would generate a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and identify @entity1 with @entity2 refractive to conventional therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Using clonogenic survival assays, we identified the surviving fraction (SF-2Gy) after radiation across a range of BCC lines. Intrinsic radiosensitivity was correlated to gene expression using Spearman correlation. Functional analysis was performed in vitro, and enriched biologic concepts were identified. The @entity3 was generated using a Random Forest model and was refined, cross-validated, and independently validated in additional @entity0 datasets. RESULTS: Clonogenic survival identifies a range of radiosensitivity in @entity1 BCC lines (SF-2Gy 77%-17%) with no significant correlation to the @entity0 subtypes. One hundred forty-seven genes were correlated with radiosensitivity. Functional analysis of @entity3 genes identifies previously unreported radioresistance-associated genes. @entity3 was trained, cross-validated, and further refined to 51 genes that were enriched for concepts involving cell-cycle arrest and DNA damage response. @entity3 was validated in an independent dataset and was the most significant factor in predicting local recurrence on multivariate analysis, outperfoming all clinically used clinicopathologic features. CONCLUSIONS: We derive a @entity1 @entity0 -specific @entity3 with biologic relevance and validate this signature for prediction of locoregional recurrence. By identifying @entity1 with @entity2 refractory to standard radiation this signature has the potential to allow for personalization of radiotherapy.

title: Development and Validation of a Novel Radiosensitivity Signature in @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: An unmet clinical need in @entity0 management is the accurate identification of @entity1 who will benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy. We hypothesized that integration of postradiation clonogenic survival data with gene expression data across @entity0 cell (BCC) lines would generate a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and identify @entity1 with @entity2 refractive to conventional therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Using clonogenic survival assays, we identified the surviving fraction (SF-2Gy) after radiation across a range of BCC lines. Intrinsic radiosensitivity was correlated to gene expression using Spearman correlation. Functional analysis was performed in vitro, and enriched biologic concepts were identified. The @entity3 was generated using a Random Forest model and was refined, cross-validated, and independently validated in additional @entity0 datasets. RESULTS: Clonogenic survival identifies a range of radiosensitivity in @entity1 BCC lines (SF-2Gy 77%-17%) with no significant correlation to the @entity0 subtypes. One hundred forty-seven genes were correlated with radiosensitivity. Functional analysis of @entity3 genes identifies previously unreported radioresistance-associated genes. @entity3 was trained, cross-validated, and further refined to 51 genes that were enriched for concepts involving cell-cycle arrest and DNA damage response. @entity3 was validated in an independent dataset and was the most significant factor in predicting local recurrence on multivariate analysis, outperfoming all clinically used clinicopathologic features. CONCLUSIONS: We derive a @entity1 @entity0 -specific @entity3 with biologic relevance and validate this signature for prediction of locoregional recurrence. By identifying @entity1 with @entity2 refractory to standard radiation this signature has the potential to allow for personalization of radiotherapy.

title: Development and Validation of a Novel Radiosensitivity Signature in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a new case of @entity3 . The clinical and pathological characteristics of the lesion and a review of the literature are both described. METHODS: A descriptive study of a case of invasive CHC occurring in a 60-yr-old @entity1 is presented. @entity2 was standard processed and stained by @entity6 _ @entity7 , PAS, immunohistochemically examined for ER, PR, @entity8 , @entity12 , thyroglobulin, @entity11 , @entity10 protein, and @entity9 /6. RESULTS: The @entity2 , which was 4.7*3.7*3.0 cm, was localized in the upper region of the left breast. This @entity2 revealed multiple cystic spaces, which were filled with PAS. It was positive for @entity12 , ER, @entity11 , and @entity10 protein, but negative for thyroglobulin, PR, and @entity8 . @entity9 was expressed in the @entity5 region, but not in the invasive area. The ten-month follow-up period was uneventful. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 is a rare and distinctive variant of @entity4 in situ. It has the potential for invasive growth. As there are few recorded cases, the prognosis in @entity1 with invasive CHC is still uncertain and a matter of intensive debate.

title: Invasive XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 mixed connective tissue variant (PMTMCT) is a rare @entity0 occurring in bone and soft tissue that usually behaves in a benign manner. Elaboration of biologically active substances by this @entity0 gives rise to a @entity7 known as @entity5 , manifesting clinically as @entity1 , generalized weakness and @entity2 . Recognition of PMTMCT and its associated syndrome is important, as resection of the @entity0 in most instances results in prompt resolution of symptoms. Previously reported cases of this @entity0 have emphasized the consistent presence of certain histological features that are considered prerequisite for making the diagnosis of PMTMCT. We describe three cases of PMTMCT, of which two first presented with progressive symptoms of @entity6 and one remained clinically silent aside from the symptom of a palpable lump. Our cases highlight the wide-ranging histological patterns displayed by these @entity0 , and draw attention to certain microscopic findings that until now have been given little if any mention. Tentacular growth pattern and satellite nodules appear to be common findings in PMTMCTs, and can make complete surgical excision of these @entity0 challenging. The ability of this otherwise histologically benign @entity0 to permeate vascular spaces has to our knowledge never been described previously. One @entity0 lacked the characteristic calcifying matrix of PMTMCT, suggesting that in some @entity0 this defining feature may be focal if not entirely absent. PMTMCT shares features with and can resemble a variety of @entity4 , requiring the surgical pathologist to be familiar with this entity.

title: XXXX mixed connective tissue variant: report of three cases with unusual histological findings.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 is a common benign @entity0 with many clinicopathological variants. @entity7 is one of these variants, which is characterized by marked stromal mucin deposition. This report presents a case of @entity7 on a great toe that had been slowly growing for two years. Histopathologically, the relatively well-circumscribed @entity0 was separated from the epidermis by a small grenz zone. The @entity0 tissue consisted of oval to spindle-shaped cells with well-defined cell borders and spindly condensed nuclei. No cytologic atypia or mitotic figures were found. Although most of the @entity0 cells were embedded in a prominently myxoid stroma, typical features of classic @entity7 including a storiform growth pattern and more densely packed collagen were observed at the periphery. Immunohistochemically, the @entity0 cells showed positive staining for @entity4 and @entity9 , and negative staining for @entity6 and @entity10 . Histopathological differential diagnoses of @entity7 include @entity11 with myxoid @entity0 stroma, such as superficial acral @entity1 , cellular digital fibroma, @entity8 , @entity2 protuberans and low-grade @entity3 . Immunohistochemical staining can be useful in the differential diagnosis of these @entity0 . This case highlights the challenges encountered in the histopathological interpretation of @entity7 . Pathologists should keep in mind the diagnosis of @entity7 when dealing with @entity5 arising on acral sites.

title: XXXX on a great toe: a case report.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: platelet-rich-plasma is increasingly used in @entity2 . Ideal number of @entity3 injections needed is not yet established. This study compares the clinical outcomes of a single versus two consecutive @entity3 injections. METHOD: between December 2009 and January 2012, 40 athletes with @entity2 were treated by @entity3 injection. @entity0 received single (20 @entity0 ) or two @entity3 injections 2 weeks apart (20 @entity0 ). All @entity0 underwent prospective clinical evaluation, including Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Patella (VISA-P) score, visual analog scale (VAS) for @entity1 , and Tegner scale before @entity3 and after a minimum of 2 year follow-up. RESULTS: 9 @entity0 failed @entity3 treatment and needed surgery. 1 @entity0 was lost to follow-up. For the remaining @entity0 , the VISA-P, VAS, and Tegner scores all significantly improved from 35.2 to 78.5 (p = 0.0001), 6.6 to 2.4 (p = 0.0001), and 4.8 to 6.9 (p = 0.0003). @entity0 who received two injections had better scores than those who received single injection with VAS of 1.07 versus 3.7 (p = 0.0005), Tegner score of 8.1 versus 5.9 (p = 0.0003) and VISA-P of 93.2 versus 65.7 (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: two consecutive @entity3 injections in @entity2 showed better improvement in outcomes when compared to single injection. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: randomized prospective consecutive series, Level 2.

title: Platelet-rich plasma as a treatment for XXXX : comparison of a single versus two consecutive injections.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between b2-adrenergic receptor ( @entity4 ) -16Arg/ @entity6 polymorphism ( @entity7 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) risk has been investigated in many published studies. However, the results were inconclusive. A meta-analysis was performed to make a more precise estimation of the relationship. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, ISI web of science, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang Data, CBM, @entity5 ) were searched for published literature. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the strength of association. RESULTS: Eleven studies, comprising 1,128 @entity3 @entity0 and 1,182 controls, were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, there was no significant association between the @entity4 -16Arg/ @entity6 polymorphism and @entity3 risk in general population. In the stratification analysis by potential confounding variables, significant associations were observed between the @entity4 -16Arg/ @entity6 polymorphism and @entity3 risk among smoking Asians under the dominant genetic model and allele model ( @entity2 vs. @entity6 ) (dominant model: OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.04-2.01, P = 0.311 for heterogeneity, z = 2.22, P = 0.026 for OR; allele model: OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.03-1.57, P = 0.209 for heterogeneity, z = 2.20, P = 0.028 for OR), but not in other subgroups. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggested that the @entity4 -16Arg/ @entity6 polymorphism might be a potential risk factor for the development of @entity3 in smoking Asian populations, but not in European descendents, and @entity1 smoking probably increased the genetic susceptibility. More studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate the results.

title: Association between b2-Adrenergic Receptor-16Arg/ XXXX Gene Polymorphism and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Risk:Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Two forms of a DNA polymerase have been purified from microplasmodia of @entity3 by @entity4 precipitation and chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel, phosphocellulose, heparin @entity2 , @entity0 , DNA-agarose, blue-Sepharose. They were separated from DNA polymerase alpha on phosphocellulose and from each other on heparin-Sepharose. Form HS1 enzyme was 30-40% pure and form HS2 enzyme 60% with regard to protein contents of the preparations. Form HS2 enzyme was generated from form HS1 enzyme on prolonged standing of enzyme preparations. The DNA polymerases were obtained as complexes of a 60-kDa protein associated with either a 135-kDa (HS1) or a 110-kDa (HS2) DNA-polymerizing polypeptide in a 1:1 molar stoichiometry. The biochemical function of the 60-kDa protein remained unknown. The complexes tended to dissociate during gradient centrifugation and during partition chromatography as well as during @entity1 gradient gel electrophoresis under nondenaturing conditions at high dilutions of samples. Both forms existed in plasmodia extracts, their proportions depending on several factors including those which promoted proteolysis. The DNA polymerases resembled eucaryotic DNA polymerase beta by several criteria and were functionally indistinguishable from each other. It is suggested that lower eucaryotes contain repair DNA polymerases, which are similar to those of eubacteria on a molecular mass basis.

title: A DNA polymerase with unusual properties from the slime mold XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The preliminary results of a prospective study undertaken in @entity0 with a first episode of @entity4 are presented. The clinical, electrocardiographic and angiographic characteristics of 34 @entity0 who developed early post- @entity7 angina (group I) were compared with those of 144 @entity0 who remained asymptomatic after the acute @entity7 (group II). No difference was found between the two groups as to age, sex prevalence, risk factors, presence of @entity8 before @entity7 , severe @entity6 or transient @entity5 in CCU and peak CK value. @entity0 of group I had more frequently ecg signs of @entity4 in anterior leads (P less than 0.01) than @entity0 of group II. Exercise testing, performed by 23 @entity0 of group I and by 140 @entity0 of group II, was positive in 14 @entity0 with early post- @entity7 angina and in 37 who remained asymptomatic after the acute @entity7 (P less than 0.01). The two groups had similar values of left ventricular end diastolic volume index, left ventricular end diastolic pressure and ejection fraction. @entity0 with early post- @entity7 angina however had more frequently double or @entity1 , while single vessel disease prevailed in group II @entity0 . Although the follow-up period was limited (average 9 months), a higher incidence of @entity3 was found in group I @entity0 (P less than 0.01). These data show that early post- @entity7 angina defines a high-risk subset of @entity0 among those with recent @entity4 . A more @entity2 approach, including thrombolytic therapy and coronary angioplasty, seems warranted.

title: Clinical and angiographic data in early post- XXXX angina.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Serum IgE concentration was measured on the 5th day of life in 943 @entity0 . All @entity0 were included in a 3 month follow-up study. The frequency of @entity2 's @entity4 was studied according to either family history, IgE level, or both. Feeding (mother's milk or formula feeding) was taken into account. Manifestations suggestive of @entity3 were hardly observed in breast-fed babies. In the formula-fed group a positive family history correlated with a 40% incidence of @entity1 manifestations, compared to a 13% incidence (P less than 0.001) in the group with negative family history. A high IgE level (IgE greater than 1.3 U/ml) indicated a 43% risk of developing @entity1 manifestations in formula-fed babies as compared to 15% (P less than 0.001) in the group with normal results of a screening test. Frequency of @entity1 manifestations in a subgroup with a negative family history and a high IgE level (38%) was equal to the frequency in the subgroup with a positive family history and negative screening test results (IgE less than 1.3 U/ml)(36%). The incidence in the subgroup with both positive screening test results and a positive family history was 49%. None of these differences were significant. The frequency in the subgroup with both parameters negative was 8% (P less than 0.001 to 3 other subgroups). Our results indicate that the family history seems to correlate as well with the incidence of @entity1 manifestations as the neonatal serum IgE concentration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influences of neonatal serum IgE concentration, family history and diet on the incidence of XXXX 's @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Serum IgE concentration was measured on the 5th day of life in 943 @entity0 . All @entity0 were included in a 3 month follow-up study. The frequency of @entity2 's @entity4 was studied according to either family history, IgE level, or both. Feeding (mother's milk or formula feeding) was taken into account. Manifestations suggestive of @entity3 were hardly observed in breast-fed babies. In the formula-fed group a positive family history correlated with a 40% incidence of @entity1 manifestations, compared to a 13% incidence (P less than 0.001) in the group with negative family history. A high IgE level (IgE greater than 1.3 U/ml) indicated a 43% risk of developing @entity1 manifestations in formula-fed babies as compared to 15% (P less than 0.001) in the group with normal results of a screening test. Frequency of @entity1 manifestations in a subgroup with a negative family history and a high IgE level (38%) was equal to the frequency in the subgroup with a positive family history and negative screening test results (IgE less than 1.3 U/ml)(36%). The incidence in the subgroup with both positive screening test results and a positive family history was 49%. None of these differences were significant. The frequency in the subgroup with both parameters negative was 8% (P less than 0.001 to 3 other subgroups). Our results indicate that the family history seems to correlate as well with the incidence of @entity1 manifestations as the neonatal serum IgE concentration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influences of neonatal serum IgE concentration, family history and diet on the incidence of @entity2 's XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Benthic bivalves are important links between primary production and consumers, and are essential intermediates in the flow of energy through estuarine systems. However, information on the diet of filter feeding bivalves in estuarine ecosystems is uncertain, as estuarine waters contain particulate matter from a range of sources and as bivalves are opportunistic feeders. We surveyed bivalves at different distances from the @entity2 at the Yangtze estuarine marsh in winter and summer, and analyzed trophic dynamics using stable isotope (SI) and @entity1 (FA) techniques. Different bivalve species had different spatial distributions in the estuary. Glauconome chinensis mainly occurred in marshes near the @entity2 , while @entity5 preferred the creek. Differences were found in the diets of different species. @entity5 consumed more diatoms and bacteria than @entity4 , while @entity4 assimilated more macrophyte material. FA markers showed that plants contributed the most (38.86    4.25%) to particular organic matter (POM) in summer, while diatoms contributed the most (12.68    1.17%) during winter. Diatoms made the largest contribution to the diet of @entity5 in both summer (24.73    0.44%) and winter (25.51    0.59%), and plants contributed no more than 4%. This inconsistency indicates seasonal changes in food availability and the active feeding habits of the bivalve. Similar FA profiles for @entity5 indicated that the bivalve had a similar diet composition at different sites, while different   @entity3 results suggested the diet was derived from different @entity0 sources (C4 plant Spartina alterniflora and C3 plant Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter) at different sites. Species-specific and temporal and/or spatial variability in bivalve feeding may affect their ecological functions in intertidal marshes, which should be considered in the study of food webs and material flows in estuarine ecosystems.

title: Trophic Dynamics of Filter Feeding Bivalves in the Yangtze Estuarine Intertidal Marsh: Stable Isotope and XXXX Analyses.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background and purpose - Increased mortality after @entity2 is well documented. The mortality after hospitalization for @entity3 is unknown, even though these are common injuries. Here we determined mortality after hospitalization for @entity3 in @entity0 aged >= 16 years. @entity0 and methods - We collected data about the diagnosis code (ICD10), procedure code (NOMESCO), and 7 additional characteristics of 5,985 @entity0 admitted to the @entity1 ward of Central Finland Hospital between 2002 and 2008. During the study, 929 @entity0 and 753 @entity0 sustained an @entity3 . The @entity0 were followed up until the end of 2012. Mortality rates were calculated using data on the population at risk. Results - By the end of follow-up (mean duration 6 years), 179 @entity0 (19%) and 105 @entity0 (14%) had died. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for all @entity0 was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.4-1.7). The SMR was higher for @entity0 (2.1, CI: 1.7-2.5) than for @entity0 (1.3, CI: 1.1-1.5) (p < 0.001). The SMR decreased with advancing age, and the mortality rate was highest for @entity0 with humerus @entity3 . Interpretation - In @entity0 , the risk of death related to @entity3 was even higher than that reported previously for @entity2 . Compared to the general population, the SMR was double for humerus @entity3 @entity0 , whereas @entity3 had no effect on mortality.

title: Increased mortality after XXXX requiring inpatient care.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 consumption before bathing is listed as a risk factor for @entity4 in a bathtub, which occurs relatively frequently in Japan. This study aimed to clarify the epidemiology of @entity2 -related @entity1 in bathtubs. SUBJECTS: Among all autopsy cases that were performed at the Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office between 2009 and 2010 (N = 5635), 357 cases of @entity1 in a bathtub were evaluated. Data regarding age, sex, blood @entity5 level, manner and. cause .of @entity1 , @entity2 consumption, and @entity2 -related @entity3 were extracted. The cases were divided into three groups according to their blood @entity5 levels (no blood @entity5 , low @entity5 , and high @entity5 ), and their data were compared. RESULTS: A large majority of the cases in all groups involved @entity0 who were 50-89 years old. The mean age of the high @entity5 group (61.7 years) was significantly lower than.that of the control group (71.1 years; P < 0.01). In addition, the proportion of @entity0 was significantly higher in the low and high @entity5 groups (70.1% and 75.5%, respectively), compared to that in the control group (55.9%; P < 0.05). Daily @entity2 consumption was significantly more common in the low and high @entity5 groups (49.5% and 87.8%, respectively), compared to that in the control group (23.2%; P < 0.01). Furthermore, @entity2 -related @entity3 were more common in the low and high @entity5 groups (26.8% and 63.3%, respectively), compared to that in the control group (4.3%; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Preventive strategies for reducing @entity2 -related @entity1 in bathtubs should target male habitual drinkers (middle-aged to seniors), especially @entity0 who have been diagnosed with @entity2 -related diseases.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX -related @entity1 while Bathing in a Bathtub.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 consumption before bathing is listed as a risk factor for @entity4 in a bathtub, which occurs relatively frequently in Japan. This study aimed to clarify the epidemiology of @entity2 -related @entity1 in bathtubs. SUBJECTS: Among all autopsy cases that were performed at the Tokyo Medical Examiner's Office between 2009 and 2010 (N = 5635), 357 cases of @entity1 in a bathtub were evaluated. Data regarding age, sex, blood @entity5 level, manner and. cause .of @entity1 , @entity2 consumption, and @entity2 -related @entity3 were extracted. The cases were divided into three groups according to their blood @entity5 levels (no blood @entity5 , low @entity5 , and high @entity5 ), and their data were compared. RESULTS: A large majority of the cases in all groups involved @entity0 who were 50-89 years old. The mean age of the high @entity5 group (61.7 years) was significantly lower than.that of the control group (71.1 years; P < 0.01). In addition, the proportion of @entity0 was significantly higher in the low and high @entity5 groups (70.1% and 75.5%, respectively), compared to that in the control group (55.9%; P < 0.05). Daily @entity2 consumption was significantly more common in the low and high @entity5 groups (49.5% and 87.8%, respectively), compared to that in the control group (23.2%; P < 0.01). Furthermore, @entity2 -related @entity3 were more common in the low and high @entity5 groups (26.8% and 63.3%, respectively), compared to that in the control group (4.3%; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Preventive strategies for reducing @entity2 -related @entity1 in bathtubs should target male habitual drinkers (middle-aged to seniors), especially @entity0 who have been diagnosed with @entity2 -related diseases.

title: Epidemiology of @entity2 -related XXXX while Bathing in a Bathtub.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of @entity5 in treating @entity4 . METHODS: From January 2011 to January 2013,45 @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with @entity5 . There were 35 males and 10 females with an average age of 30.5 (ranged from 19 to 60) years old. At the final follow-up, VAS, DASH, Constant-Murley criterion were used to evaluate shoulder function. RESULTS: All @entity0 were followed up from 15 to 36 months. No @entity3 , wound @entity2 and stress @entity1 were found,but 3 @entity0 had a re-dislocation. At the final follow-up,the mean VAS score was decreased from (5.7  1.6) preoperatively to postoperative (0.2  0.1); DASH score was significantly decreased from (19.6  4.3) preoperatively to (0.3  0.1) postoperatively; Constant-Murley score was improved from (34.4  4.3) before operation to (94.8   3.5) after operation. CONCLUSION: Clinical outcomes of treating @entity4 with @entity5 is satisfactory. However, re-dislocation is still the most common complication. Careful perioperative management is an important factor in preventing re-dislocation.

title: [Triple-Endobutton technique for the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical characteristics and treatment of posterior @entity1 . METHODS: From January 2011 to January 2013,18 @entity0 with posterior Pilon fracures were treated. Among them, 13 were male and 5 were female, aged from 22 to 63 years old, with an average age of 46. All the @entity0 were @entity3 . Open reduction and internal fixation were performed after swelling subsided, lateral malleolous and posterior @entity1 were exposured through lateral approach on healthy side, plates were used to fixed,screws or small plates were used to fix the posterior prominence of medial malleolus after changed to supine position. AOFAS scoring were applied to evaulate clinical effects. RESULTS: All @entity0 were followed up with an average of 22(ranged, 12 to 48)months. All @entity0 obtained satisfactory reset except one @entity0 . All factures were recovered well with an average healing of 11 weeks. According to AOFAS score at the final following up, 7 cases were excellent,2 cases were moderate, and the total score was 86.8  9.2. CONCLUSION: Posterior @entity1 is not rare in clinical, its mechanism of injury, traumatic anatomy, surgical procedure and prognosis are different from that of classical @entity2 and @entity1 .

title: [Clinical observation of characteristic and treatment of posterior Pilon XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objectives: To examine the association between the use of anticholinergic drugs and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among community-dwelling older adults with @entity1 . Methods: This was a retrospective, longitudinal, cohort study of older  adults aged 65 years and above diagnosed with @entity1 using Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data. Anticholinergic drug exposure was measured using the Anticholinergic Drug Scale. The HRQoL measures of interest were Physical Component Score (PCS) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Two separate unweighted multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the association of anticholinergic drugs with PCS and @entity2 , while adjusting for other factors and baseline HRQoL measures. Results: The study included 112 @entity0 with @entity1 ; 15.18% of whom used anticholinergic drugs. The majority of the @entity0 were between the ages of 65 and 79 years (53%), @entity0 (57%), and  had poor or low family income (65%). After controlling for other factors and baseline HRQoL, anticholinergic drug use was associated with 7.48 unit reductions in PCS (P  <0.01), whereas no association was found between anticholinergic drug use and @entity2 . Baseline HRQoL measures were found to be significant in both models. Conclusion: Anticholinergic drugs  are associated with reduced PCS of HRQoL in older adults with @entity1 . The study findings suggest the need for carefully monitoring the health status of elderly @entity0 when prescribing anticholinergic agents in this vulnerable population.

title: Anticholinergic drugs and health-related quality of life in older adults with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have examined the effects of aging on the capacity of @entity0 uterine @entity1 receptors to be transformed from 8S to 4S and 5S species. Cytosol receptors from mature (6-month-old) @entity0 or senescent (24-month-old) @entity0 have been exposed to various @entity4 concentrations, @entity3 precipitation and 25 degrees C heating. @entity1 receptors of both the mature and senescent age groups exist in an 8S form on linear 5-20% @entity2 gradients in the absence of @entity4 and are converted to a 4S molecule in the presence of 0.4 M @entity4 . At intermediate salt concentrations a greater portion of mature receptors was converted to the 4S species. At 0.15 M @entity4 62.3% +/- 2.8 of the mature receptors are converted to 4S versus 41% +/- 1.9 of the senescent receptors, and at 0.2 M @entity4 79.6% +/- 3.2 of the mature receptors are converted to the 4S versus 58.2% +/- 2.1 of the senescent. @entity3 treatment in the presence of 0.3 M @entity4 converted about 80% of the receptors from the 4S to the 5S form, while only about half of the old receptors are affected. When @entity3 precipitates were heated to 25 degrees C all to mature receptors were converted to the 5S species, while only two thirds of the senescent receptors were sedimented at 5S under the same conditions. Inclusion of 20 mM molybdate during preparation blocks conversion of about 15% of the senescent receptors from the 8S to the 4S form but does not affect the mature preparations. Similarly, molybdate treatment does not affect the conversion of the mature @entity1 receptors to the 5S form but increases the percentage of senescent receptors remaining in the 4S form from 30 to 45%. Such qualitative differences in receptor conversion may be related to age associated deterioration of @entity1 stimulated uterine responsiveness.

title: Impaired conversion of @entity0 uterine XXXX receptors during aging.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have examined the effects of aging on the capacity of @entity0 uterine @entity1 receptors to be transformed from 8S to 4S and 5S species. Cytosol receptors from mature (6-month-old) @entity0 or senescent (24-month-old) @entity0 have been exposed to various @entity4 concentrations, @entity3 precipitation and 25 degrees C heating. @entity1 receptors of both the mature and senescent age groups exist in an 8S form on linear 5-20% @entity2 gradients in the absence of @entity4 and are converted to a 4S molecule in the presence of 0.4 M @entity4 . At intermediate salt concentrations a greater portion of mature receptors was converted to the 4S species. At 0.15 M @entity4 62.3% +/- 2.8 of the mature receptors are converted to 4S versus 41% +/- 1.9 of the senescent receptors, and at 0.2 M @entity4 79.6% +/- 3.2 of the mature receptors are converted to the 4S versus 58.2% +/- 2.1 of the senescent. @entity3 treatment in the presence of 0.3 M @entity4 converted about 80% of the receptors from the 4S to the 5S form, while only about half of the old receptors are affected. When @entity3 precipitates were heated to 25 degrees C all to mature receptors were converted to the 5S species, while only two thirds of the senescent receptors were sedimented at 5S under the same conditions. Inclusion of 20 mM molybdate during preparation blocks conversion of about 15% of the senescent receptors from the 8S to the 4S form but does not affect the mature preparations. Similarly, molybdate treatment does not affect the conversion of the mature @entity1 receptors to the 5S form but increases the percentage of senescent receptors remaining in the 4S form from 30 to 45%. Such qualitative differences in receptor conversion may be related to age associated deterioration of @entity1 stimulated uterine responsiveness.

title: Impaired conversion of XXXX uterine @entity1 receptors during aging.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyse weight change, body composition change and Body Mass Index change in @entity0 undergoing orthognathic surgery. DESIGN: A service evaluation was undertaken in orthognathic @entity0 pre-operatively and at 4 weeks post-surgery. SETTING: Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham outpatient department. SUBJECTS: Thirty-one @entity0 scheduled for single- or two-jaw orthognathic surgery and rigid internal fixation. METHODS: Immediately pre-operatively and at 4 weeks post-surgery the following information was gathered: (1) @entity0 height; (2) @entity0 weight (kg); (3) @entity0 Body Mass Index; and (4) @entity0 body fat percentage. RESULTS: In the 4-week post-operative period, the average @entity1 was -4  96 kg (range: -9  6 to +3  0 kg), with a body fat reduction of -3  07% (range: -5  80% to +2  30%) and an average reduction in Body Mass Index of -1  63 (range: -3  4 to +0  8). There was no statistically significant difference in @entity1 (P=0  1562) or body fat composition change (P=0  2391) between single- or two-jaw surgery. There was no statistically significant difference in @entity1 (P=0  4858) or body fat composition change (P=0  5321) between male and female @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 observed was similar to that reported in studies using inter-maxillary fixation. Closer psychological and dietetic support is needed for @entity0 who have a low normal or underweight Body Mass Index. Better and more bespoke tailored Oral Nutritional Supplementation must be provided for all orthognathic surgery @entity0 to potentially reduce this significant @entity1 .

title: XXXX in orthognathic surgery: a clinical study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Endometrium morphology has been analysed by means of light microscopy, scanning and transmission microscopy in @entity0 before and during treatment with a @entity3 containing low dose combined pill (Cilest). Endometrium biopsies were taken after 1 (N = 3), 2 (N = 3), 3 (N = 7), 5 (N = 1) and 6 (N = 4) OC cycles. Light microscopy of the endometrium obtained during the OC-free pretreatment cycles shows a regular secretory transformed endometrium. During the first OC cycles of Cilest treatment slight @entity1 of endometrial glands was observed. Endometrium after 3 to 6 OC cycles showed an increasing delay of the growth of endometrial glands in terms of an abortive secretion. Morphometric studies revealed a retardation of the development of endometrial glands and an "arrest of secretion". The degree of proliferation varied slightly; a general delay between the date of the menstrual cycle and endometrial dating was evident. Using scanning electron microscopy the endometrium presented mostly a regular surface corresponding to the midcycle or a late proliferative phase up to the early secretory phase. Infiltrative @entity2 or inflammatory changes as well as local proliferations could not be detected. In transmission electron microscopy with semi-thin and ultrathin slices, stroma, structure of glands and surface appeared to be normal. Furthermore, no time delay between the endometrium and the day of menstrual cycle was observed. During treatment with a @entity3 containing low dose combined pill, only slight changes of the endometrium in terms of a @entity1 of endometrial glands were seen in the first 6 treatment cycles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Light and electron microscopy changes in the endometrium caused by the administration of a XXXX -containing oral contraceptive (Cilest)].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The present investigation was undertaken to explore the @entity2 healing properties of three dosage schedules of different strengths of topically administered @entity4 solution in thermally produced skin @entity2 on the side of the midline on the back of the @entity1 . Four circular thermal burns about 4.0 cm in diameter (two on either side of the midline) were made 4.0 cm apart on the pre shaved back of each anaesthetized (with @entity3 sod., 45 mg/kg, ip) @entity1 with a heated template, applied for 30 sec. Three days later under anaesthesia, the burns were excised removing epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The animals were randomly divided into various groups. @entity2 on one side of the midline were treated with normal saline and served as control, whereas those on the other side were treated with @entity4 solutions. Each @entity2 was observed for its size, slough formation and any sign of irritation on alternate days until healing was complete. Healing of @entity2 were significantly delay in comparison to control group with all the strength of @entity4 (0.02%, 0.5% and 1%) in all the dosage schedule (o.d., b.i.d. and q.i.d.) in terms of days required for complete healing (except with b.i.d. dosage schedule of 0.5% _ q.i.d. dosage schedule of 1% @entity4 solution), @entity2 size and area under the size time curve (except with b.i.d. _q.i.d. dosage schedule of 1% @entity4 solution). Thus, it is concluded that unlike mechanical @entity2 topical @entity4 delays wound repair in @entity0 .

title: Topical @entity4 delays healing of deep thermal wounds in albino XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The present investigation was undertaken to explore the @entity2 healing properties of three dosage schedules of different strengths of topically administered @entity4 solution in thermally produced skin @entity2 on the side of the midline on the back of the @entity1 . Four circular thermal burns about 4.0 cm in diameter (two on either side of the midline) were made 4.0 cm apart on the pre shaved back of each anaesthetized (with @entity3 sod., 45 mg/kg, ip) @entity1 with a heated template, applied for 30 sec. Three days later under anaesthesia, the burns were excised removing epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The animals were randomly divided into various groups. @entity2 on one side of the midline were treated with normal saline and served as control, whereas those on the other side were treated with @entity4 solutions. Each @entity2 was observed for its size, slough formation and any sign of irritation on alternate days until healing was complete. Healing of @entity2 were significantly delay in comparison to control group with all the strength of @entity4 (0.02%, 0.5% and 1%) in all the dosage schedule (o.d., b.i.d. and q.i.d.) in terms of days required for complete healing (except with b.i.d. dosage schedule of 0.5% _ q.i.d. dosage schedule of 1% @entity4 solution), @entity2 size and area under the size time curve (except with b.i.d. _q.i.d. dosage schedule of 1% @entity4 solution). Thus, it is concluded that unlike mechanical @entity2 topical @entity4 delays wound repair in @entity0 .

title: Topical XXXX delays healing of deep thermal wounds in albino @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonists induce @entity2 ; however, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unknown. The Mas receptor agonist @entity5 is a metabolite of @entity3 and of angiotensin II . As an agonist of Mas receptors, @entity5 has beneficial cardiovascular and metabolic effects. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: We investigated the anti- @entity0 effects of transgenically overexpressed @entity5 in @entity1 . We secondly examined whether @entity2 due to @entity4 (8   mg  kg(-1)   d(-1) ) in diet-induced @entity0 Sprague Dawley (SD) @entity1 can be blocked when the animals were co-treated with the Mas receptor antagonist A779 (24 or 72    g  kg(-1)   d(-1) ). KEY RESULTS: In contrast to wild-type controls, transgenic @entity1 overexpressing angiotensin-(1-7) had 1.) diminished body weight when they were regularly fed with chow; 2.) were protected from developing @entity0 although they were fed with cafeteria diet (CD); 3.) showed a reduced energy intake that was mainly related to a lower CD intake; 5.) remained responsive to leptin despite chronic CD feeding; 6.) had a higher, strain-dependent energy expenditure, and 7.) were protected from developing insulin resistance despite CD feeding. @entity4 -induced @entity2 in SD @entity1 was partially antagonized after a high, but not a low dose of A779. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Angiotensin-(1-7) regulated food intake and body weight and contributed to the @entity2 after AT1 receptor blockade. Angiotensin-(1-7)-like agonists may be drug candidates for treating @entity0 .

title: Lack of weight gain after angiotensin AT1 receptor blockade in diet-induced XXXX is partly mediated by an angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas-dependent pathway.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 64-year-old @entity0 experienced an episode of disorientation in relation to time, place, and @entity0 , as well as of @entity4 and @entity3 . Physical examination showed a @entity6 . Computerized tomography of the skull revealed a sellar mass consistent with the diagnosis of @entity5 . The @entity0 progressively lost consciousness and died. At postmortem examination, a @entity5 with arachnoid @entity1 was present. Metastatic cervical lymph nodes were also detected. Histologic aspects of the @entity2 and of lymph node @entity1 were quite similar. Immunohistochemical investigation revealed the epithelial origin of the @entity2 and failed to disclose endocrine activity. At ultrastructural examination, the cells of the @entity2 and of the @entity1 lacked specific granules. These findings support the evidence of a primary metastasizing @entity5 .

title: Endocrine inactive XXXX metastasizing to cervical lymph nodes: a case report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a structured transition program compared with usual care in improving routine follow-up, clinical, and psychosocial outcomes among young adults with type 1 @entity1 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Eighty-one young adults in their last year of pediatric care were recruited from three clinics. Intervention group (IG) @entity0 (n = 51) received a structured transition program incorporating tailored @entity1 education, case management, group education classes, and access to a newly developed young adult @entity1 clinic and transition website. Control group (CG) @entity0 (n = 30) received usual care. The primary outcome was the number of routine clinic visits. Secondary outcomes included glycemic control, @entity2 , health-care use, and psychosocial well-being. Assessments were conducted at baseline, and 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: Limitations in CG follow-up prevented direct comparisons of adult care visits; however, at the 12-month follow-up among IG @entity0 discharged from pediatric care (n = 32), 78% had one or more adult visits. Among IG @entity0 , the total number of clinic visits did not differ between those who transitioned and those who remained in pediatric care (3.0    1.24 vs. 3.11    0.94, P = 0.74). IG compared with CG @entity0 had improved glycemic control (-0.40    1.16% vs. 0.42    1.51% [4.4    12.7 mmol/mol vs. 4.6    16.5 mmol/mol], P = 0.01), incidence of severe @entity2 (0.0% vs. 16%, P = 0.02), and global well-being (P = 0.02) at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: A structured transition program was successful in facilitating transition to adult care without a decrease in clinical follow-up. Compared with usual care, the transition program facilitated improvements in glycemic control, @entity2 , and psychosocial well-being.

title: Let's Empower and Prepare (LEAP): Evaluation of a Structured Transition Program for Young Adults With Type 1 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traditional resuscitation training models are inadequate to achieving and maintaining resuscitation competency. This analysis evaluates the effectiveness of a novel, performance improvement-based inpatient resuscitation programme. METHODS: This was a prospective, before-and-after study conducted in an urban, university-affiliated hospital system. All inpatient adult @entity2 without an active Do Not Attempt Resuscitation order from July 2005 to June 2012 were included. The advanced resuscitation training (ART) programme was implemented in Spring 2007 and included a unique treatment algorithm constructed around the capabilities of our providers and resuscitation equipment, a training programme with flexible format and content including early recognition concepts, and a comprehensive approach to performance improvement feeding directly back into training. Our inpatient resuscitation registry and electronic @entity0 care record were used to quantify arrest rates and survival-to-hospital discharge before and after ART programme implementation. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for age, gender, location of arrest, initial rhythm, and time of day. RESULTS: A total of 556 @entity2 were included (182 pre- and 374 post-ART). Arrest incidence decreased from 2.7 to 1.2 per 1000 @entity0 discharges in non-ICU inpatient units, with no change in ICU arrest rate. An increase in survival-to-hospital discharge from 21 to 45% (p<0.01) was observed following ART programme implementation. Adjusted odds ratios for survival-to-discharge (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4-3.4) and good neurological outcomes (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.7-5.3) reflected similar improvements. Arrest-related @entity1 decreased from 2.1 to 0.5 @entity1 per 1000 @entity0 discharges in non-ICU areas and from 1.5 to 1.3 @entity1 per 1000 @entity0 discharges in ICU areas, and overall hospital mortality decreased from 2.2% to 1.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of a novel, performance improvement-based inpatient resuscitation programme was associated with a decrease in the incidence of @entity2 and improved clinical outcomes.

title: A performance improvement-based resuscitation programme reduces arrest incidence and increases survival from in-hospital XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most frequent indication for extracranial pediatric radiotherapy. As long-term survival of high-risk localized @entity4 has greatly improved, we reviewed treatment-related late @entity3 in pediatric @entity0 who received postoperative radiotherapy (RT) for localized @entity4 within two French prospective clinical trials: NB90 and NB94. @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1990-2000, 610 @entity0 were enrolled. Among these, 35 were treated with induction chemotherapy, surgery, and RT. The recommended RT dose was 24  Gy at  <=   2  years, 34  Gy at >   2  years,    a 5  Gy boost in both age groups. RESULTS: The 22 @entity0 still alive after 5  years were analyzed. The median follow-up time was 14  years (range 5-21  years). Late effects after therapy occurred in 73   % of @entity0 (16/22), within the RT field for 50   % (11/22). The most frequent in-field effects were @entity2 (n   =   7) that occurred only with doses >   31  Gy/1.5  Gy fraction (p   =   0.037). Other effects were endocrine in 3  @entity0 and second @entity1 in 2  @entity0 . Four @entity0 presented with multiple in-field late effects only with doses >   31  Gy. CONCLUSION: After a median follow-up of 14  years, late effects with multimodality treatment were frequent. The most frequent effects were @entity2 and the threshold for their occurrence was 31  Gy.

title: Long-term side effects of radiotherapy for XXXX : Results from clinical trials NB90 and NB94.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to establish a simple, xeno-feeder-free method for cultivating @entity0 corneal epithelial cells. METHODS: Limbal tissue explants from a cadaver were cultured in Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium and low- @entity1 Panserin 801 medium in a 1:1 ratio. The outgrowing cells were characterized by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR (rtPCR). Limbal epithelial cells were expanded in a xeno-feeder-free, low- @entity1 medium and airlifted for 2 weeks each. RESULTS: Migration of fibroblast-like stromal cells initially occurred from the limbal explants, and then epithelial cells migrated and grew on the stromal cells as an autofeeder layer. After airlifting, the cultured epithelium consisted of two to three layers. The cultured cells expressed stem cell-associated markers ( @entity3 and   Np63), differentiation markers ( @entity4 and @entity5 ) and extracellular matrix-associated markers (lumican and decorin). rtPCR showed increased expression of markers for epithelial progenitor cells compared to fresh limbal tissue. Side population cells comprised 0.43    0.04% of the cells (n = 5) in the primary culture. Flow cytometry showed that 49.12, 40.44 and 44.55% of the cells from the explants expressed @entity2 ,   Np63 and @entity3 , respectively. CONCLUSION: This explant culture system using stromal cells as an autofeeder layer was useful in expanding @entity0 corneal epithelial cells. This system may offer clinical insight for the expansion of limbal progenitor cells for the reconstruction of the ocular surface.

title: Ex vivo XXXX corneal epithelial cell expansion from a xeno-feeder-free system.

answer: @entity0