abstract: @entity1 (NP), a xenoestrogen ubiquitously found in aquatic ecosystems, is of high environmental concern. The present work assessed the effects of exposure to NP on locomotor activity and social behavior in male and female @entity2 ( @entity2 ), to evaluate the possible hazard of NP to fish behavior and to pursue a potential biomarker of NP contamination. Fish were randomly divided into six groups. Five groups were receiving 0.1, 1, 10, 50 and 100 microg/L nominal concentrations of NP for 60 days, respectively. A sixth control group was given the same treatment as the other five groups, but no NP. Locomotor activity, @entity0 , group preference and leaving shoal were examined. NP exposure showed marked influence on locomotor activity of the male @entity2 , whereas that of the female was not significantly affected by NP. @entity0 and group preference were significantly affected by NP exposure in both male and female groups. Locomotor activity and @entity0 of the male and group preference of both male and female @entity2 were clearly inhibited at 100 microg/L NP. No significant alteration in leaving shoal was observed under NP exposure. The results suggested that changes in locomotor activity and @entity0 of the male and group preference of both male and female may be used as an ecologically relevant integrative biomarker of NP contamination.

title: Effects of chronic exposure to @entity1 on locomotor activity and social behavior in XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 (NP), a xenoestrogen ubiquitously found in aquatic ecosystems, is of high environmental concern. The present work assessed the effects of exposure to NP on locomotor activity and social behavior in male and female @entity2 ( @entity2 ), to evaluate the possible hazard of NP to fish behavior and to pursue a potential biomarker of NP contamination. Fish were randomly divided into six groups. Five groups were receiving 0.1, 1, 10, 50 and 100 microg/L nominal concentrations of NP for 60 days, respectively. A sixth control group was given the same treatment as the other five groups, but no NP. Locomotor activity, @entity0 , group preference and leaving shoal were examined. NP exposure showed marked influence on locomotor activity of the male @entity2 , whereas that of the female was not significantly affected by NP. @entity0 and group preference were significantly affected by NP exposure in both male and female groups. Locomotor activity and @entity0 of the male and group preference of both male and female @entity2 were clearly inhibited at 100 microg/L NP. No significant alteration in leaving shoal was observed under NP exposure. The results suggested that changes in locomotor activity and @entity0 of the male and group preference of both male and female may be used as an ecologically relevant integrative biomarker of NP contamination.

title: Effects of chronic exposure to @entity1 on locomotor activity and social behavior in @entity2 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 (NP), a xenoestrogen ubiquitously found in aquatic ecosystems, is of high environmental concern. The present work assessed the effects of exposure to NP on locomotor activity and social behavior in male and female @entity2 ( @entity2 ), to evaluate the possible hazard of NP to fish behavior and to pursue a potential biomarker of NP contamination. Fish were randomly divided into six groups. Five groups were receiving 0.1, 1, 10, 50 and 100 microg/L nominal concentrations of NP for 60 days, respectively. A sixth control group was given the same treatment as the other five groups, but no NP. Locomotor activity, @entity0 , group preference and leaving shoal were examined. NP exposure showed marked influence on locomotor activity of the male @entity2 , whereas that of the female was not significantly affected by NP. @entity0 and group preference were significantly affected by NP exposure in both male and female groups. Locomotor activity and @entity0 of the male and group preference of both male and female @entity2 were clearly inhibited at 100 microg/L NP. No significant alteration in leaving shoal was observed under NP exposure. The results suggested that changes in locomotor activity and @entity0 of the male and group preference of both male and female may be used as an ecologically relevant integrative biomarker of NP contamination.

title: Effects of chronic exposure to XXXX on locomotor activity and social behavior in @entity2 ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluate the long-term survival of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) treated with systemic chemotherapy regimens, and the impact of the of the retrospective peritoneal disease severity score (PSDSS) on outcomes. METHODS: One hundred sixty-seven consecutive @entity0 treated with @entity2 from @entity1 between years 1987-2006 were identified from a prospective institutional database. These @entity0 either received no chemotherapy, @entity4 / @entity6 or @entity3 / @entity5 -based chemotherapy. Stratification was made according to the retrospective PSDSS that classifies @entity2 @entity0 based on clinically relevant factors. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and comparison with the log-rank test. RESULTS: Median survival was 5 months (95% CI, 3-7 months) for @entity0 who had no chemotherapy, 11 months (95% CI, 6-9 months) for @entity0 treated with 5 FU/LV, and 12 months (95% CI, 4-20 months) for @entity0 treated with @entity3 / @entity5 -based chemotherapy. Survival differed between @entity0 treated with chemotherapy compared to those @entity0 who did not receive chemotherapy (p = 0.026). PSDSS staging was identified as an independent predictor for survival on multivariate analysis [RR 2.8 (95%CI 1.5-5.4); p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION: A trend towards improved outcomes is demonstrated from treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 from @entity1 using modern systemic chemotherapy. The PSDSS appears to be a useful tool in @entity0 selection and prognostication in @entity2 of colorectal origin.

title: Evaluation of best supportive care and systemic chemotherapy as treatment stratified according to the retrospective peritoneal surface disease severity score (PSDSS) for XXXX of colorectal origin.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The existence of @entity0 stem cells in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has been verified by characterizing side population (SP) cells based on efflux of @entity6 dye from stem cells. Recent advances in microRNA (miRNA) biology have revealed that miRNAs play an important role in embryonic development and tumorigenesis. However, it is still unclear which miRNAs participate in the @entity2 stem cells (LCSCs) during hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS: To identify the unique set of miRNAs differentially regulated in LCSCs, we applied SP sorting to primary cultures of F344 @entity1 @entity5 @entity0 cells treated with @entity3 ( @entity4 ) and normal syngenic fetal liver cells, and the stem-like characteristics of SP cells were verified through detecting expression of CD90.1, AFP and CK-7. Global miRNA expression profiles of two groups of SP cells were screened through microarray platform. RESULTS: A total of 68 miRNAs, including @entity8 , @entity7 , miR-470*, miR-34c-3p, and let-7i*, were identified as overexpressed in SP of @entity5 cells compared to fetal liver cells. Ten miRNAs were underexpressed, including @entity9 * and miR-148b*. These miRNAs were validated using stem-loop real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that LCSCs may have a distinct miRNA expression fingerprint during hepatocarcinogenesis. Dissecting these relationships will provide a new understanding of the function of miRNA in the process of neoplastic transformation of LCSCs.

title: MicroRNAs involved in XXXX stem cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 has a profound impact in a @entity0 's life, impairing quality of life and carrying a substantial economic burden due to health costs. It is an underdiagnosed condition because many affected @entity0 are reluctant to report it and also clinicians are usually not alert to it. @entity0 evaluation with a detailed clinical history and examination is very important to indicate the @entity1 that is present. Endoanal ultrasonography is currently the gold standard for sphincter evaluation in @entity2 and is a simple, well-tolerated and non-expensive technique. Most studies revealed 100% sensitivity in identifying sphincter defect. It is better than endoanal magnetic resonance imaging for internal anal @entity3 , equivalent for the diagnosis of external anal @entity3 , but with a lower capacity for assessment of atrophy of this sphincter. The most common cause of @entity2 is @entity1 related to @entity1 . Only a small percentage of @entity0 are diagnosed with sphincter tears immediately after vaginal delivery, but endoanal ultrasonography shows that one third of these @entity0 have occult @entity3 . Furthermore, in @entity0 submitted to primary repair of these tears, ultrasound revealed a high frequency of persistent @entity3 after surgery. Three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonography is currently largely used and accepted for sphincter evaluation in @entity2 , improving diagnostic accuracy and our knowledge of physiologic and pathological sphincters alterations. Conversely, there is currently no evidence to support the use of elastography in @entity2 .

title: Endoanal ultrasonography in XXXX : Current and future perspectives.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of several factors with spontaneous stone expulsion, including ureteral stone characteristics (size, location, @entity5 , perinephric stranding), types of medications prescribed (a-blocker, low-dose @entity3 ), and other possible demographic and health-history factors (gender, age, serum @entity4 , underlying @entity1 [ @entity1 ], and @entity2 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 366 @entity0 with ureteral stones were enrolled. All @entity0 underwent watchful waiting without any invasive procedures. Initial diagnoses of ureteral stones were confirmed by computed tomography scans, which were taken at approximately 1-month intervals to check for stone expulsion. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify significant factors that contributed to stone expulsion. RESULTS: Among 366 @entity0 , 335 @entity0 (91.5%) experienced spontaneous stone passage during a mean follow-up period of 2.95  2.62 weeks. The @entity0 were divided into two groups depending on the success of spontaneous stone passage. Univariate analyses revealed that stone location (p=0.003), stone size (p=0.021), and underlying @entity1 (p<0.001) were significant predictors of stone passage. Multivariate analyses confirmed that stone size (p=0.010), stone location (p=0.008), and underlying @entity1 (p=0.003) were independent predictive factors affecting stone passage. CONCLUSIONS: Stone size, location, and underlying @entity1 were confirmed to be significant predictive factors for spontaneous passage of ureteral stones. Urologists should consider active procedures, such as shock wave lithotripsy or ureteroscopy, rather than conservative management in @entity0 presenting with proximally located stones, large ureteral stones, or underlying @entity1 .

title: Analysis of factors affecting spontaneous expulsion of ureteral stones that may predict unfavorable outcomes during watchful waiting periods: What is the influence of XXXX on the ureter?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have showed that combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy might result in better outcome for locally advanced @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The aim of this study is to determine the maximal tolerance dose (MTD) and efficacy of full-dose @entity1 and @entity4 when given concurrently with 3-dimentional radiation therapy (3D-RT) for locally advanced @entity5 . METHODS: @entity4 was administered at a fixed dose of 130mg/m  , and @entity1 was administered at a starting dose of 800mg/m   with an incremental dose gradient of 200mg/m   for 3 dose levels. MTD was defined as the immediate dose level lower than the dose at which dose-limiting @entity2 (DLT) occurred in more than one-third of the @entity0 . The chemotherapy was administered at 3-week cycle. The RT was given as 3-D conformal manner at a single daily dose of 2Gy for 5 days per week. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity0 were evaluable and distributed to three different dose levels: 6 at level 1, 8 at level 2 and 8 at level 3. @entity3 , esophageal and hematologic @entity2 were the main DLT. Grade III acute @entity3 occurred in one @entity0 each at level 2 and level 3, both with V20 > 20%, and grade III @entity6 in two @entity0 at level 3. The MTD of @entity1 in this study was 1000mg/m  . The overall response rate was 75.0% (9/12). The 1- and 2-year survival rate was 70.0% and 30.5% respectively. The median time to progression was 8.7 months (range 5-11.8 months). CONCLUSIONS: With reduced radiation volume, @entity1 of 1000mg/m   in combination with @entity4 of 130mg/m   was effective and could be safely administered for @entity5 .

title: Phase I/II study of @entity1 and @entity4 chemotherapy in combination with concurrent 3-D conformal radiotherapy for locally advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have showed that combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy might result in better outcome for locally advanced @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The aim of this study is to determine the maximal tolerance dose (MTD) and efficacy of full-dose @entity1 and @entity4 when given concurrently with 3-dimentional radiation therapy (3D-RT) for locally advanced @entity5 . METHODS: @entity4 was administered at a fixed dose of 130mg/m  , and @entity1 was administered at a starting dose of 800mg/m   with an incremental dose gradient of 200mg/m   for 3 dose levels. MTD was defined as the immediate dose level lower than the dose at which dose-limiting @entity2 (DLT) occurred in more than one-third of the @entity0 . The chemotherapy was administered at 3-week cycle. The RT was given as 3-D conformal manner at a single daily dose of 2Gy for 5 days per week. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity0 were evaluable and distributed to three different dose levels: 6 at level 1, 8 at level 2 and 8 at level 3. @entity3 , esophageal and hematologic @entity2 were the main DLT. Grade III acute @entity3 occurred in one @entity0 each at level 2 and level 3, both with V20 > 20%, and grade III @entity6 in two @entity0 at level 3. The MTD of @entity1 in this study was 1000mg/m  . The overall response rate was 75.0% (9/12). The 1- and 2-year survival rate was 70.0% and 30.5% respectively. The median time to progression was 8.7 months (range 5-11.8 months). CONCLUSIONS: With reduced radiation volume, @entity1 of 1000mg/m   in combination with @entity4 of 130mg/m   was effective and could be safely administered for @entity5 .

title: Phase I/II study of @entity1 and XXXX chemotherapy in combination with concurrent 3-D conformal radiotherapy for locally advanced @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have showed that combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy might result in better outcome for locally advanced @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The aim of this study is to determine the maximal tolerance dose (MTD) and efficacy of full-dose @entity1 and @entity4 when given concurrently with 3-dimentional radiation therapy (3D-RT) for locally advanced @entity5 . METHODS: @entity4 was administered at a fixed dose of 130mg/m  , and @entity1 was administered at a starting dose of 800mg/m   with an incremental dose gradient of 200mg/m   for 3 dose levels. MTD was defined as the immediate dose level lower than the dose at which dose-limiting @entity2 (DLT) occurred in more than one-third of the @entity0 . The chemotherapy was administered at 3-week cycle. The RT was given as 3-D conformal manner at a single daily dose of 2Gy for 5 days per week. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity0 were evaluable and distributed to three different dose levels: 6 at level 1, 8 at level 2 and 8 at level 3. @entity3 , esophageal and hematologic @entity2 were the main DLT. Grade III acute @entity3 occurred in one @entity0 each at level 2 and level 3, both with V20 > 20%, and grade III @entity6 in two @entity0 at level 3. The MTD of @entity1 in this study was 1000mg/m  . The overall response rate was 75.0% (9/12). The 1- and 2-year survival rate was 70.0% and 30.5% respectively. The median time to progression was 8.7 months (range 5-11.8 months). CONCLUSIONS: With reduced radiation volume, @entity1 of 1000mg/m   in combination with @entity4 of 130mg/m   was effective and could be safely administered for @entity5 .

title: Phase I/II study of XXXX and @entity4 chemotherapy in combination with concurrent 3-D conformal radiotherapy for locally advanced @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Postoperative intra-abdominal or intrathoracic adhesions sometimes cause significant morbidity. We have designed three types of alginate-based treatments using strongly cross-linked (SL), weakly @entity4 with @entity7 . In @entity1 experiments, we compared the antiadhesive effects of the three types of alginate-based treatments, fibrin glue treatment (a standard treatment), and no treatment against adhesions caused by @entity5 ( @entity6 ) mesh ( @entity6 -induced adhesions). The antiadhesive materials were set on the @entity6 sheet fixed on the parietal peritoneum of the abdomen. Fifty-six days later, the adhesions were evaluated macroscopically by the adhesion scores and microscopically by @entity2 - @entity3 staining and immunostaining. We also tested the fibroblast growth on the surface of the antiadhesive materials in vitro. The antiadhesive effects of WL and NL were superior to the no treatment and fibrin glue treatment. A microscopic evaluation confirmed that the @entity6 sheet was covered by a peritoneal layer constructed of well-differentiated mesothelial cells, and the @entity0 was most improved in the NL and WL. The fibroblast growth was inhibited most on the surfaces of the NL and WL. These results suggest that either the WL or NL treatments are suitable for preventing @entity6 -induced adhesions compared to SL or the conventional treatment.

title: Prevention of XXXX -Induced Peritoneal Adhesions Using Alginate in a @entity1 Model.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Postoperative intra-abdominal or intrathoracic adhesions sometimes cause significant morbidity. We have designed three types of alginate-based treatments using strongly cross-linked (SL), weakly @entity4 with @entity7 . In @entity1 experiments, we compared the antiadhesive effects of the three types of alginate-based treatments, fibrin glue treatment (a standard treatment), and no treatment against adhesions caused by @entity5 ( @entity6 ) mesh ( @entity6 -induced adhesions). The antiadhesive materials were set on the @entity6 sheet fixed on the parietal peritoneum of the abdomen. Fifty-six days later, the adhesions were evaluated macroscopically by the adhesion scores and microscopically by @entity2 - @entity3 staining and immunostaining. We also tested the fibroblast growth on the surface of the antiadhesive materials in vitro. The antiadhesive effects of WL and NL were superior to the no treatment and fibrin glue treatment. A microscopic evaluation confirmed that the @entity6 sheet was covered by a peritoneal layer constructed of well-differentiated mesothelial cells, and the @entity0 was most improved in the NL and WL. The fibroblast growth was inhibited most on the surfaces of the NL and WL. These results suggest that either the WL or NL treatments are suitable for preventing @entity6 -induced adhesions compared to SL or the conventional treatment.

title: Prevention of @entity5 -Induced Peritoneal Adhesions Using Alginate in a XXXX Model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of chest CT findings and dynamic changes of viral load in @entity0 with novel @entity2 in clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: Fifty-one @entity0 with confirmed novel influenza A (H1N1) according to the diagnostic criteria of the Ministry of Health, received chest X-ray, CT scans (HRCT) and viral load tests in our hospital from May to December of 2009. Based on whether there were signs of @entity1 in CT imaging, the @entity0 were divided into a @entity1 group (n = 31) and a @entity1 group (n = 20). The relationship between chest CT changes and viral load was observed and analyzed statistically using SPSS 10.5 software. RESULTS: Patchy consolidations of lungs were the main findings in @entity1 group with @entity2 , and ground-glass opacities were the main CT findings at acute and convalescent phases. Lobular and segmental shadows of the lungs were diffusely distributed, mostly found in lower lungs, especially the left lung. In some cases, the @entity3 were accompanied with @entity5 . Co-existence of pulmonary parenchymal, interstitial and @entity4 was observed. Peak viral load occurred at the early phase of illness, with the mean initial viral load being 7.7 copies/ml and 4.2 copies/ml in the @entity1 and the @entity1 groups respectively. The viral nucleic acid became negative 4 days after antiviral treatment (course of 6 days). Dynamic observation of 3 @entity0 with novel @entity1 showed that, the viral clearance period preceded the absorption of lung lesions in 2 cases, but viral clearance period of a young @entity0 was significantly prolonged. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with the novel @entity2 , the viral load in the @entity1 group was significantly higher than that in the group with normal chest imaging. Dynamic observation on chest imaging and viral load may be beneficial for clinicians to start prompt and effective treatment.

title: [The relationship between chest CT findings and viral load in XXXX with novel influenza A (H1N1)].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The Purpose of the Paper. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of selected parameters of mandible movements, electronically registered in @entity0 with @entity1 and healthy ones. Material. Function test of the mandible movements was conducted in 175 @entity0 . Gender distribution was 143 @entity0 and 32 @entity0 , aged 9 to 84. Methods. The studied population, after accurate clinical examination, was divided into age groups with the range of five years. All the @entity0 had Zebris JMA computerized facebow examination done, according to the generally accepted principles and procedures. Results. Mean values of mouth opening calculated to 45.6   mm in healthy group and 37.6   mm in @entity1 dysfunction group. Mean length of condylar path amounted to 39    7% of the maximum value of mouth opening in the group of healthy @entity0 , 44    11% in the case of muscle-based disorders, and 35    11% with joint-based. The mean value of the condylar path inclination oscillated in the range of 25   to 45  . Conclusions. The ratio of length of the condylar path to the size of mouth opening may be a significant value characterising the type and degree of intensification of the @entity2 .

title: Assessment of the XXXX Dysfunction Using the Computerized Facebow Analysis of Selected Parameters.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term outcome, safety, and complications of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the treatment of @entity0 with massive hemoptysis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 232 cases of massive hemoptysis treated with @entity1 from February 2000 to February 2009 in our hospital was carried out. All cases were followed by repeated X-ray or CT examination, telephone calls, or questionnaires, with the longest period up to 9 years. RESULTS: There were 627 blood vessels which were totally embolized by 741 coils for the 232 cases. The hemoptysis was stopped instantly in 100% of the @entity0 . 91.8% (213/232) of the cases were cured and 19 cases (19/232, 8.18%) were improved. The overall effective rate was 100% (232/232). No serious or delayed complications occurred. None of the @entity0 died. CONCLUSION: Bronchial artery embolization is effective in cases with massive hemoptysis for its immediate effect and safety.

title: [Long-term outcome of XXXX in the treatment of massive hemoptysis].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the cause and mode of transmission of a @entity6 outbreak in a village, Henan province. METHODS: @entity6 @entity0 were identified through family visits, interviewing the village doctors and reviewing diagnosis and prescription records at the village health clinic. Cases were defined as onset of one of the four symptoms from the village resident during July 20 to August 12, 2010. The symptoms would include @entity1 (>=  3 times/day), @entity4 , @entity2 or @entity3 . A retrospective cohort study was conducted to assess the association between drinking raw well water or eating noodles rinsed by raw well water and @entity6 . @entity3 of the case- @entity0 and the well water samples were tested for bacterial pathogens. RESULTS: Data for 60 case- @entity0 were collected. All cases occurred in the northern part of the village. @entity0 who used water from a public well in the northern part of the village had an attack rate of 55%, which was 3.5 times of those who did not use the well water (16%) (RR = 3.5, 95%CI: 1.2 - 10). Results from the retrospective cohort study showed that drinking un-boiled water from the well was a risk factor (RR = 1.7, 95%CI: 1.3 - 2.3). Laboratory testing showed that total coliform and @entity5 both greatly exceeded the limit considered safe for drinking, indicating there was fecal contamination in the well water. No bacterial pathogens were detected in the @entity0 ' @entity3 . CONCLUSION: The outbreak was mainly caused by drinking contaminated water from the public well in the northern part of the village.

title: [An outbreak of XXXX caused by contaminated well water in a village, Henan province.]

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Protein @entity1 kinase Tec, a kind of non-receptor @entity1 kinase, is primarily found to be expressed in T cells, B cells, hematopoietic cells, and liver cells as a cytoplasmic protein. Tec has been proved to be a critical modulator of T cell receptor signaling pathway. In the present study, a homolog of Tec was identified in the lamprey, Lampetra japonica. The full-length Tec cDNA of @entity2 (Lja-Tec) contains a 1923 bp open reading frame that encodes a 641- @entity0 protein. The multi-alignment of the deduced @entity0 sequence of Lja-Tec with typical vertebrate Tecs showed that it possesses all conserved domains of the Tec family proteins, indicating that an ortholog of Tec exists in the extant jawless vertebrate. In the phylogenetic tree that was reconstructed with 24 homologs of jawless and jawed vertebrates, the Tecs from lampreys and @entity3 were clustered as a single clade. The genetic distance between the outgroup and agnathan Tecs' group is closer than that between outgroup and gnathostome Tecs' group, indicating that its origin was far earlier than any of the jawed vertebrates. The mRNA levels of Lja-Tec in lymphocyte-like cells and gills were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that it was significantly upregulated under stimulation with mixed pathogens. This result was further confirmed by western blot analysis. All these results indicated that Lja-Tec plays an important role in immune response. Our data will provide a reference for the further study of lamprey Tec and its immunological function in jawless vertebrates.

title: A novel protein XXXX kinase Tec identified in lamprey, Lampetra japonica.

answer: @entity1


abstract: RATIONALE: Malignant @entity7 is commonly found in @entity0 with @entity1 and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Relieving @entity2 may improve symptoms, quality of life, and life expectancy. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to analyze our experience with bronchoscopic endobronchial intratumoral injection of @entity5 for @entity7 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of @entity0 with @entity7 treated with bronchoscopic intratumoral injection of @entity5 . @entity0 characteristics, histology, degree of @entity7 , procedural methods, treatment cycles, performance status, and therapeutic outcomes were evaluated. @entity2 response was analyzed based on bronchoscopic measurements performed on completion the of final treatment session. Adverse events and overall survival were abstracted. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Between January 2009 and September 2014, 22 @entity0 (10 @entity0 , 12 @entity0 ; mean age        SD, 64.4        9.5 yr) were treated with one to four injections of 40 mg of @entity5 mixed in 40 ml of 0.9% @entity9 . Treatments were completed 1 week apart. The primary etiologies of @entity7 included @entity6 (n   =   11), @entity4 (n   =   6), @entity8 (n   =   2), large cell undifferentiated @entity3 (n   =   1), and metastatic @entity2 (n   =   2). Twenty-one of 22 @entity0 were evaluable for response. The majority of @entity0 (15/21, 71.4%) responded to therapy, defined as greater than 50% relative reduction in obstruction from baseline. Treatment response was obtained regardless of @entity2 histology, concurrent systemic therapy, number of treatment cycles administered, performance status, or use of additional ablative interventions. Responders had significantly improved overall survival as compared with nonresponders, although the difference was small. Severe treatment-related side effects or complications were not observed. CONCLUSIONS: Subject to the limitations of a single-center retrospective study and a subjective primary outcome measure, we have demonstrated the feasibility of improving the patency of central airways that are largely or completely occluded by @entity2 using intraluminal injection of @entity5 . Additional longer-term, larger-scale safety and comparative effectiveness studies of this palliative treatment modality are warranted.

title: Restoration of Patency to Central Airways Occluded by Malignant Endobronchial Tumors Using Intratumoral Injection of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate @entity5 phenotypes in @entity0 with @entity5 from different regions of @entity4 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 1400 adult @entity6 @entity0 (mean (SD) age: 44.0 (13.9) years, 75% females) from 14 centers across @entity4 were included in this study and a standard questionnaire was applied between the time period of February 2011 -January 2012 . RESULTS: The disease onset   >=    40 years of age was higher percentage in @entity1 vs. normal/overweight @entity0 and non- @entity2 vs. @entity2 @entity0 (p<0.01). The percentage of @entity0 who had FEV1 values over 80% was higher in @entity2 than non- @entity2 and normal/overweight than @entity1 @entity0 (p<0.01). Uncontrolled asthmatics have more severe disease (p<0.01). There were more frequent hospital admissions in non- @entity2 and uncontrolled asthmatics (p<0.01). @entity3 was the leading co-morbid disorder in normal/overweight and @entity2 , while GERD was more frequent in non- @entity2 and uncontrolled @entity5 (p<0.01). Asthma control rate was the highest (39.0%) in @entity0 from Marmara region among all geographical regions (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our findings revealed existence of clinical/trigger related phenotypes based on BMI, @entity2 status, control level and geographical region with more frequent @entity7 and/or adverse health outcomes in uncontrolled, @entity1 and non- @entity2 phenotypes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Asthma Phenotypes in XXXX : A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Adult Asthmatics.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The study investigated the geographic variation of mortality risk for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in order to identify potential high-risk areas near an Italian petrochemical refinery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A population-based case-control study was conducted and residential histories for 171 cases and 338 sex- and age-matched controls were collected. Confounding factors were obtained from interviews with consenting relatives for 109 HM deaths and 267 controls. To produce risk mortality maps, two different approaches were applied and compared. We mapped (1) adaptive kernel density relative risk estimation for case-control studies which estimates a spatial relative risk function using the ratio between cases and controls' densities, and (2) estimated odds ratios for case-control study data using Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) to smooth the effect of location, a proxy for exposure, while adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: No high-risk areas for HM mortality were identified among all subjects ( @entity0 and @entity0 combined), by applying both approaches. Using the adaptive KDE approach, we found a significant increase in death risk only among @entity0 in a large area 2-6km southeast of the refinery and the application of GAMs also identified a similarly-located significant high-risk area among @entity0 only (global p-value<0.025). Potential confounding risk factors we considered in the GAM did not alter the results. CONCLUSION: Both approaches identified a high-risk area close to the refinery among @entity0 only. Those spatial methods are useful tools for public policy management to determine priority areas for intervention. Our findings suggest several directions for further research in order to identify other potential environmental exposures that may be assessed in forthcoming studies based on detailed exposure modeling.

title: Spatial variation in mortality risk for XXXX near a petrochemical refinery: A population-based case-control study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are few data comparing endoscopic treatment outcomes for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). OBJECTIVE: To compare treatment outcomes in @entity2 @entity0 treated with radiofrequency ablation (RFA), RFA after EMR, and porfimer @entity6 photodynamic therapy (Ps- @entity7 ). DESIGN: Retrospective, observational study. SETTING: Single tertiary center between 2001 and  2013. @entity0 : A total of 342 @entity2 @entity0 treated with RFA (n  = 119), EMR+RFA (n  = 98), and Ps-PDT (n  = 125). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Rates of complete remission of intestinal metaplasia (CRIM), @entity2 recurrence, and adverse events. RESULTS: Baseline @entity2 high-grade @entity5 (HGD) and @entity3 were more common in the Ps-PDT group (89%) compared with the EMR-RFA (70%) and RFA (37%) groups. At a median follow-up of 14.2 months, 173 @entity0 (50.6%) achieved CRIM. CRIM was significantly more common in Ps-PDT @entity0 compared with RFA (P  < .001) and EMR-RFA (P  < .001) @entity0 on multivariable analysis. In @entity0 who achieved CRIM, the rates of subsequent @entity2 recurrence were relatively similar among the 3 groups. Although the rates of @entity4 were similar, strictures were less common in RFA @entity0 (2.4%) compared with EMR-RFA (13.3%, P  = .001) and Ps-PDT (10.4%, P  =.043) @entity0 . CONCLUSION: This study of endoscopic treatment for @entity2 and @entity1 found that complete remission was achieved more often and more rapidly after Ps-PDT with similar disease recurrence rates compared with EMR or RFA. Adverse events were more common after EMR and Ps-PDT. Further studies are required to determine which ablation and resection techniques are ideally suited for each @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Comparison of endoscopic treatment modalities for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is a disease consisting of both genetic and epigenetic changes. Although increasing evidence demonstrates that @entity2 progression entails chromatin-mediated changes such as DNA methylation, the role of histone variants in @entity2 initiation and progression currently remains unclear. Histone variants replace conventional histones within the nucleosome and confer unique biological functions to chromatin. Here we report that the histone variant macroH2A (mH2A) suppresses @entity2 progression of @entity4 . Loss of mH2A isoforms, histone variants generally associated with condensed chromatin and fine-tuning of developmental gene expression programs, is positively correlated with increasing malignant phenotype of @entity4 cells in culture and @entity0 tissue samples. Knockdown of mH2A isoforms in @entity4 cells of low malignancy results in significantly increased proliferation and migration in vitro and growth and @entity1 in vivo. Restored expression of mH2A isoforms rescues these malignant phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that the @entity2 -promoting function of mH2A loss is mediated, at least in part, through direct transcriptional upregulation of @entity5 . Suppression of @entity5 , a @entity3 oncogene, inhibits proliferation of @entity4 cells, and knockdown of @entity5 in cells depleted of mH2A suppresses the proliferative advantage induced by mH2A loss. Moreover, a significant inverse correlation between mH2A and @entity5 expression levels exists in @entity4 @entity0 samples. Taken together, our results demonstrate that mH2A is a critical component of chromatin that suppresses the development of @entity4 , a highly intractable cutaneous @entity2 .

title: The histone variant macroH2A suppresses XXXX progression through regulation of @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 is a disease consisting of both genetic and epigenetic changes. Although increasing evidence demonstrates that @entity2 progression entails chromatin-mediated changes such as DNA methylation, the role of histone variants in @entity2 initiation and progression currently remains unclear. Histone variants replace conventional histones within the nucleosome and confer unique biological functions to chromatin. Here we report that the histone variant macroH2A (mH2A) suppresses @entity2 progression of @entity4 . Loss of mH2A isoforms, histone variants generally associated with condensed chromatin and fine-tuning of developmental gene expression programs, is positively correlated with increasing malignant phenotype of @entity4 cells in culture and @entity0 tissue samples. Knockdown of mH2A isoforms in @entity4 cells of low malignancy results in significantly increased proliferation and migration in vitro and growth and @entity1 in vivo. Restored expression of mH2A isoforms rescues these malignant phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that the @entity2 -promoting function of mH2A loss is mediated, at least in part, through direct transcriptional upregulation of @entity5 . Suppression of @entity5 , a @entity3 oncogene, inhibits proliferation of @entity4 cells, and knockdown of @entity5 in cells depleted of mH2A suppresses the proliferative advantage induced by mH2A loss. Moreover, a significant inverse correlation between mH2A and @entity5 expression levels exists in @entity4 @entity0 samples. Taken together, our results demonstrate that mH2A is a critical component of chromatin that suppresses the development of @entity4 , a highly intractable cutaneous @entity2 .

title: The histone variant macroH2A suppresses @entity4 progression through regulation of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Phenotypic alteration of vascular @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in response to @entity1 is an essential component of @entity2 . Evidence suggests that this process is dependent on epigenetic regulatory processes. @entity3 , a histone acetyltransferase (HAT), activates crucial muscle-specific promoters in terminal (non- @entity4 ) myocyte differentiation, and may be essential to @entity4 modulation as well. RESULTS: We performed a subanalysis examining transcriptional time-course microarray data obtained using the A404 model of @entity4 differentiation. Numerous chromatin remodeling genes (up to 62% of such genes on our array platform) showed significant regulation during differentiation. Members of several chromatin-remodeling families demonstrated involvement, including factors instrumental in histone modification, chromatin assembly-disassembly and DNA silencing, suggesting complex, multi-level systemic epigenetic regulation. Further, @entity5 , a histone deacetylase inhibitor, accelerated expression of @entity4 differentiation markers in this model. Ontology analysis indicated a high degree of @entity3 involvement in @entity4 differentiation, with 60.7% of the known @entity3 interactome showing significant expression changes. Knockdown of @entity3 expression accelerated @entity4 differentiation in A404 cells and @entity0 SMCs, while inhibition of @entity3 activity blunted @entity4 differentiation. The results suggest a central but complex role for @entity3 in @entity4 phenotypic modulation. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the hypothesis that chromatin remodeling is important for @entity4 phenotypic switching, and detail wide-ranging involvement of several epigenetic modification families. Additionally, the transcriptional coactivator @entity3 may be partially degraded during @entity4 differentiation, leaving an activated subpopulation with increased HAT activity and @entity4 differentiation-gene specificity.

title: Chromatin remodeling pathways in smooth muscle cell differentiation, and evidence for an integral role for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because @entity1 virus isolates after cell culture are required to determine their susceptibility to @entity4 inhibitors, the differences in normal or low-susceptibility variant population frequencies between clinical samples and isolates have not been considered. OBJECTIVES: To identify variations in low-susceptibility populations in clinical samples after initiation of @entity2 and @entity3 therapy by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). STUDY DESIGN: We measured the populations of the low-susceptibility @entity1 H3N2 variants @entity6 and @entity5 by qRT-PCR using 305 nasal aspiration samples collected over time from 13, 16, and 11 @entity0 treated with no @entity4 inhibitors, @entity2 , and @entity3 , respectively. The variant population in the isolates was also determined when the population of low-susceptibility variants in the clinical samples increased following treatment. Moreover, the susceptibility of all isolates was measured. RESULTS: The @entity6 variant was detected in only one @entity0 during @entity2 therapy, exhibiting decreased susceptibility to @entity2 . Prior to treatment, @entity5 variants were detected in all clinical samples; however, they comprised only a small fraction of the total population. The proportion of the @entity5 variant in clinical samples increased for 6/27 (22.2%) @entity0 treated with @entity2 or @entity3 , whereas an increase in the proportion of the @entity5 variant in virus isolates was observed in only one @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Discrepancies in the proportion of @entity5 variants between clinical samples and isolates should be suspected in clinical settings. qRT-PCR is useful for quantitative analysis of drug-resistant @entity1 virus and for immediate notification of the result.

title: Quantitative analysis of @entity1 (H3N2) @entity6 and XXXX variants in clinical specimens by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because @entity1 virus isolates after cell culture are required to determine their susceptibility to @entity4 inhibitors, the differences in normal or low-susceptibility variant population frequencies between clinical samples and isolates have not been considered. OBJECTIVES: To identify variations in low-susceptibility populations in clinical samples after initiation of @entity2 and @entity3 therapy by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). STUDY DESIGN: We measured the populations of the low-susceptibility @entity1 H3N2 variants @entity6 and @entity5 by qRT-PCR using 305 nasal aspiration samples collected over time from 13, 16, and 11 @entity0 treated with no @entity4 inhibitors, @entity2 , and @entity3 , respectively. The variant population in the isolates was also determined when the population of low-susceptibility variants in the clinical samples increased following treatment. Moreover, the susceptibility of all isolates was measured. RESULTS: The @entity6 variant was detected in only one @entity0 during @entity2 therapy, exhibiting decreased susceptibility to @entity2 . Prior to treatment, @entity5 variants were detected in all clinical samples; however, they comprised only a small fraction of the total population. The proportion of the @entity5 variant in clinical samples increased for 6/27 (22.2%) @entity0 treated with @entity2 or @entity3 , whereas an increase in the proportion of the @entity5 variant in virus isolates was observed in only one @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Discrepancies in the proportion of @entity5 variants between clinical samples and isolates should be suspected in clinical settings. qRT-PCR is useful for quantitative analysis of drug-resistant @entity1 virus and for immediate notification of the result.

title: Quantitative analysis of @entity1 (H3N2) XXXX and @entity5 variants in clinical specimens by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because @entity1 virus isolates after cell culture are required to determine their susceptibility to @entity4 inhibitors, the differences in normal or low-susceptibility variant population frequencies between clinical samples and isolates have not been considered. OBJECTIVES: To identify variations in low-susceptibility populations in clinical samples after initiation of @entity2 and @entity3 therapy by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). STUDY DESIGN: We measured the populations of the low-susceptibility @entity1 H3N2 variants @entity6 and @entity5 by qRT-PCR using 305 nasal aspiration samples collected over time from 13, 16, and 11 @entity0 treated with no @entity4 inhibitors, @entity2 , and @entity3 , respectively. The variant population in the isolates was also determined when the population of low-susceptibility variants in the clinical samples increased following treatment. Moreover, the susceptibility of all isolates was measured. RESULTS: The @entity6 variant was detected in only one @entity0 during @entity2 therapy, exhibiting decreased susceptibility to @entity2 . Prior to treatment, @entity5 variants were detected in all clinical samples; however, they comprised only a small fraction of the total population. The proportion of the @entity5 variant in clinical samples increased for 6/27 (22.2%) @entity0 treated with @entity2 or @entity3 , whereas an increase in the proportion of the @entity5 variant in virus isolates was observed in only one @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Discrepancies in the proportion of @entity5 variants between clinical samples and isolates should be suspected in clinical settings. qRT-PCR is useful for quantitative analysis of drug-resistant @entity1 virus and for immediate notification of the result.

title: Quantitative analysis of XXXX (H3N2) @entity6 and @entity5 variants in clinical specimens by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: There are no guidelines regarding the surgical approach for spontaneous pneumothorax. It has been reported, however, that the risk of recurrence following video-assisted thoracic surgery is higher than that following open thoracotomy (OT). The objective of this study was to determine whether this higher risk of recurrence following video-assisted thoracic surgery could be attributable to differences in intraoperative parenchymal resection and the pleurodesis technique. METHODS: Data for 7647 @entity0 operated on for primary or secondary spontaneous pneumothorax between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2012 were extracted from Epithor  , the French national database. The type of pleurodesis and parenchymal resection was collected. Outcomes were (i) @entity4 , defined as postoperative @entity4 ; (ii) @entity3 , defined as @entity6 , @entity1 , @entity7 , prolonged ventilation, acute @entity5 and prolonged air leaks; (iii) in-hospital length of stay and (iv) recurrence, defined as chest drainage or surgery for a second pneumothorax. RESULTS: Of note, 6643 @entity0 underwent videothoracoscopy and 1004 @entity0 underwent OT. When compared with the thoracotomy group, the videothoracoscopy group was associated with more parenchymal resections (62.4 vs 80%, P = 0.01), fewer mechanical pleurodesis procedures (93 vs 77.5%, P < 10(-3)), fewer @entity2 (12 vs 8.2%, P = 0.01), fewer cases of postoperative @entity4 (2.3 vs 1.4%, P = 0.04) and shorter hospital lengths of stay (16 vs 9 days, P = 0.01). The recurrence rate was 1.8% (n = 18) in the thoracotomy group versus 3.8% (n = 254) in the videothoracoscopy group (P = 0.01). The median time between surgery and recurrence was 3 months (range: 1-76 months). CONCLUSIONS: In the surgical management of spontaneous pneumothorax, videothoracoscopy is associated with a higher rate of recurrence than OT. This difference might be attributable to differences in the pleurodesis technique rather than differences in the parenchymal resection.

title: Surgical management of spontaneous pneumothorax: are there any prognostic factors influencing XXXX ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sleep quality and quantity are severely reduced in @entity2 @entity0 receiving mechanical ventilation with a potential for adverse consequences. Our objective was to synthesize the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that measured the efficacy of sleep-promoting interventions on sleep quality and quantity in @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: We included RCTs that objectively measured sleep with electroencephalography or its derivatives and excluded observational studies and those that measured sleep by subjective reports. The research was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. RESULTS: Of 6022 studies identified, 13 met eligibility criteria involving 296 @entity2 @entity0 . Eight trials looked at different modes of mechanical ventilation as sleep interventions, and the remaining 5  involved pharmacologic, nonpharmacologic, or environmental interventions. Meta-analysis of the studies revealed that sleep-promoting interventions improved sleep quantity (pooled standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05-0.69; P  = .02) and sleep quality through reduction in @entity1 (SMD,  -0.31; 95% CI,  -0.60 to  -0.01; P  = .04). Subgroup analysis revealed that timed modes of ventilation improved sleep quantity when compared with @entity3 (SMD, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.10-0.81; P  = .01). Nonmechanical ventilation interventions tended to improve sleep quantity (SMD, 0.65; 95% CI,  -0.03 to 1.33; P  = .06) and to reduce @entity1 (SMD,  -0.29; 95% CI,  -0.61 to 0.03; P  = .07). CONCLUSIONS: The synthesized evidence suggests that both mechanical ventilation- and nonmechanical ventilation-based therapies improve sleep quantity and quality in @entity2 @entity0 , but the clinical significance is unclear. In the future, adequately powered multicenter RCTs involving pharmacologic interventions to promote sleep in @entity2 @entity0 are warranted.

title: A Meta-analysis of Sleep-promoting Interventions During XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of @entity0 @entity3 has revealed many gene alterations compared with normal tissue, with most being predicted to be "loss of function." However, given the high number of alterations, evaluating the functional impact of each is impractical. Here, we develop and use a high-throughput, in vivo strategy to determine which alterations are loss of function in @entity1 growth suppressors. Genes reported as altered by NGS in @entity3 @entity0 were bioinformatically processed by MutationTaster and MutationAssessor, with 283 predicted as loss of function. An shRNA lentiviral library targeting these genes was transduced into @entity0 cells, a nontumorigenic @entity0 @entity3 cell line, followed by injection into @entity2 . @entity1 that arose were sequenced and the dominant shRNA constructs were found to target @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity6 , and @entity10 genes. In vitro validation experiments revealed that shRNA molecules directed at @entity8 showed the most profound increase in anchorage-independent growth of @entity0 cells. The clinical relevance of @entity8 as a @entity1 growth suppressor is supported by the finding that its expression is lower in @entity3 compared with benign @entity0 urothelium in multiple independent datasets. Lower @entity8 protein expression associated with higher @entity1 grade and decreased @entity0 survival. Finally, depletion of @entity8 leads to increased @entity5 with @entity4 signaling, explaining in part how reduced @entity8 promotes @entity1 growth. These findings suggest @entity8 is a @entity3 growth suppressor that works via modulating @entity4 signaling and is a potentially clinically useful biomarker. IMPLICATIONS: This study used gene mutation information from @entity0 -derived @entity3 specimens to inform the development of a screen used to identify novel @entity1 growth suppressors. This included identification of the protein @entity8 as a potent @entity3 growth suppressor. Mol Cancer Res; 13(9); 1306-15.   2015 AACR.

title: @entity0 Mutation Directed shRNA Screen Uncovers Novel XXXX Growth Suppressors.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of @entity0 @entity3 has revealed many gene alterations compared with normal tissue, with most being predicted to be "loss of function." However, given the high number of alterations, evaluating the functional impact of each is impractical. Here, we develop and use a high-throughput, in vivo strategy to determine which alterations are loss of function in @entity1 growth suppressors. Genes reported as altered by NGS in @entity3 @entity0 were bioinformatically processed by MutationTaster and MutationAssessor, with 283 predicted as loss of function. An shRNA lentiviral library targeting these genes was transduced into @entity0 cells, a nontumorigenic @entity0 @entity3 cell line, followed by injection into @entity2 . @entity1 that arose were sequenced and the dominant shRNA constructs were found to target @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity6 , and @entity10 genes. In vitro validation experiments revealed that shRNA molecules directed at @entity8 showed the most profound increase in anchorage-independent growth of @entity0 cells. The clinical relevance of @entity8 as a @entity1 growth suppressor is supported by the finding that its expression is lower in @entity3 compared with benign @entity0 urothelium in multiple independent datasets. Lower @entity8 protein expression associated with higher @entity1 grade and decreased @entity0 survival. Finally, depletion of @entity8 leads to increased @entity5 with @entity4 signaling, explaining in part how reduced @entity8 promotes @entity1 growth. These findings suggest @entity8 is a @entity3 growth suppressor that works via modulating @entity4 signaling and is a potentially clinically useful biomarker. IMPLICATIONS: This study used gene mutation information from @entity0 -derived @entity3 specimens to inform the development of a screen used to identify novel @entity1 growth suppressors. This included identification of the protein @entity8 as a potent @entity3 growth suppressor. Mol Cancer Res; 13(9); 1306-15.   2015 AACR.

title: XXXX Mutation Directed shRNA Screen Uncovers Novel @entity3 Growth Suppressors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To offer an up-to-date review of all available treatment strategies for @entity0 with synchronous colorectal liver metastases (CLM). METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify articles related to the management of @entity0 with synchronous CLM. A search of the electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar was conducted in September 2014. The following search terms were used: synchronous colorectal liver metastases, surgery, stage IV @entity2 , liver-first approach, and up-front hepatectomy. These terms were employed in various combinations to maximize the search. Only articles written in English were included. Particular attention was devoted to studies and review articles that were published within the last six years (2009-2014). Additional searches of the cited references from primary articles were performed to further improve the review. The full texts of all relevant articles were accessed by two independent reviewers. RESULTS: Poor long-term outcomes of @entity0 with synchronous CLM managed by a traditional treatment strategy have led to questions about the timing and sequence of possible therapeutic interventions. Thus, alternative paradigms called reverse strategies have been proposed. Presently, there are four treatment strategies available: (1) primary first approach (or traditional approach) comprises resection of the primary @entity2 followed by chemotherapy; subsequent liver resection is performed 3-6 mo after colorectal resection (provided that CLM are still resectable); (2) simultaneous resection of the primary @entity2 and CLM during a single operation presents intriguing options for a highly select group of @entity0 , which can be associated with significant postoperative morbidity; (3) liver-first (or chemotherapy-first) approach comprises preoperative chemotherapy (3-6 cycles) followed by liver resection, adjuvant chemotherapy, and resection of the primary @entity2 (it is best suited for @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity1 and initially unresectable or marginally resectable CLM); and (4) up-front hepatectomy (or "true" liver-first approach) includes liver resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, colorectal resection, and adjuvant chemotherapy (strategy can be offered to @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity1 and initially resectable CLM). CONCLUSION: None of the aforementioned strategies appears inferior. It is necessary to establish individual treatment plans in multidisciplinary team meetings through careful appraisal of all strategies.

title: Treatment strategies for XXXX with synchronous liver metastases: Which way to go?

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity8 is one of the causes of chronic @entity7 . Most cases pathologically reveal @entity2 or muscularis propia @entity3 and @entity1 . @entity4 is extremely rare. We report a case of a 9-mo-old Thai male baby who presented with chronic @entity7 . Histologic findings showed abnormal layering of small intestinal muscularis propria with an additional oblique layer and aberrant muscularization in serosa. The @entity0 also had a short small bowel without @entity5 , @entity9 , and absence of the 2(nd) to 4(th) middle phalanges of both hands. The @entity0 was treated with @entity6 and combined parenteral and enteral nutritional support. He had gradual clinical improvement and gained body weight. Subsequently, the parenteral nutrition was discontinued. The previously reported cases are reviewed and discussed.

title: XXXX as a cause of chronic @entity7 : A case report and literature review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity8 is one of the causes of chronic @entity7 . Most cases pathologically reveal @entity2 or muscularis propia @entity3 and @entity1 . @entity4 is extremely rare. We report a case of a 9-mo-old Thai male baby who presented with chronic @entity7 . Histologic findings showed abnormal layering of small intestinal muscularis propria with an additional oblique layer and aberrant muscularization in serosa. The @entity0 also had a short small bowel without @entity5 , @entity9 , and absence of the 2(nd) to 4(th) middle phalanges of both hands. The @entity0 was treated with @entity6 and combined parenteral and enteral nutritional support. He had gradual clinical improvement and gained body weight. Subsequently, the parenteral nutrition was discontinued. The previously reported cases are reviewed and discussed.

title: @entity4 as a cause of chronic XXXX : A case report and literature review.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Thermo-responsive shape memory polymers (SMPs) can be programmed to fit into small-bore incisions and recover their functional shape upon deployment in the body. This property is of significant interest for developing the next generation of minimally-invasive medical devices. To be used in such applications, SMPs should exhibit adequate mechanical strengths that minimize adverse compliance mismatch-induced host responses (e.g. @entity2 , @entity4 ), be biodegradable, and demonstrate switch-like shape recovery near body temperature with favorable biocompatibility. Combinatorial approaches are essential in optimizing SMP material properties for a particular application. In this study, a new class of thermo-responsive SMPs with pendant, photocrosslinkable @entity6 groups, x%poly(  -caprolactone)-co-y%(a-allyl carboxylate   - @entity7 ) (x% @entity5 -y%ACPCL), are created in a robust, facile manner with readily tunable material properties. Thermomechanical and shape memory properties can be drastically altered through subtle changes in @entity6 composition. Molecular weight and gel content can also be altered in this combinatorial format to fine-tune material properties. Materials exhibit highly elastic, switch-like shape recovery near 37  C. Endothelial compatibility is comparable to tissue culture @entity3 (TCPS) and 100% @entity5 in vitro and vascular compatibility is demonstrated in vivo in a @entity0 model of hindlimb @entity1 , indicating promising suitability for vascular applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: With the ongoing thrust to make surgeries minimally-invasive, it is prudent to develop new biomaterials that are highly compatible and effective in this workflow. Thermo-responsive shape memory polymers (SMPs) have great potential for minimally-invasive applications because SMP medical devices (e.g. stents, grafts) can fit into small-bore minimally-invasive surgical devices and recover their functional shape when deployed in the body. To realize their potential, it is imperative to devise combinatorial approaches that enable optimization of mechanical, SM, and cellular responses for a particular application. In this study, a new class of thermo-responsive SMPs is created in a robust, facile manner with readily tunable material properties. Materials exhibit excellent, switch-like shape recovery near body temperature and promising biocompatibility for minimally-invasive vascular applications.

title: Pendant XXXX crosslinking as a tunable shape memory actuator for vascular applications.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The long-term efficacy of surgical correction of @entity8 was evaluated in 45 consecutive @entity0 . Before surgery, 42 @entity0 had reciprocating @entity4 and 12 had @entity6 . The principal operative procedure was endocardial incision in 42 @entity0 , endocardial cryoablation in 2 @entity0 and epicardial cryoablation without dissection of the atrioventricular (AV) fat pad in 1 @entity0 . Two @entity0 had perioperative complications. One @entity0 had @entity3 that necessitated reoperation, and one had a right @entity2 with subsequent clearing of @entity1 . At postoperative electrophysiologic study, only the @entity0 who underwent epicardial cryoablation had conduction over an accessory connection. Two others had intermittent delta waves in the early postoperative period but no accessory connection conduction at electrophysiologic study. During a mean follow-up of 3.1 years, the @entity0 with ineffective cryoablation had recurrent @entity4 , and one other @entity0 had late recurrence of delta waves without @entity5 . Four other @entity0 had frequent palpitation, which was caused by @entity7 in one. Seventeen @entity0 had occasional "skipped beats" without recurrence of @entity4 . Twelve of 13 @entity0 whose @entity5 limited employment before surgery returned to work after surgery. By actuarial analysis at 1, 2 and 3 years, all @entity0 were alive and 98% were free from @entity4 . Surgical correction of @entity8 provides excellent long-term results with low morbidity. @entity0 who are disabled by @entity5 return to work after successful surgery. Delta waves may persist or recur without return of @entity5 . Minor postoperative episodes of palpitation are common and do not correlate with @entity4 .

title: Long-term follow-up after surgical correction of XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The incidence of @entity5 is five times higher in the UK than in Sweden. We examined the prevalence of established risk factors for @entity5 in both populations. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study comparing the prevalence of @entity4 , @entity1 , and @entity2 smoking between random samples of the English and Swedish populations aged 40-59 years. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression yielded odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals, adjusting for potential confounding. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 3633 English and 1483 Swedish @entity0 (response rates 43 and 62%, respectively). The prevalence of @entity3 occurring at least weekly was twice as common in the English compared with the Swedish sample. Obesity (BMI >= 30) was also nearly two-fold more common in the English sample. The frequency of @entity2 smoking was similar in both countries. The combination of @entity3 and a BMI of at least 25 was three-fold more common in the English than in the Swedish sample. CONCLUSION: The substantially higher prevalence of @entity3 and @entity1 in samples of the English population compared with the Swedish population might contribute to the known higher incidence of @entity5 in the UK.

title: Increased population prevalence of reflux and @entity1 in the United Kingdom compared with Sweden: a potential explanation for the difference in incidence of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The incidence of @entity5 is five times higher in the UK than in Sweden. We examined the prevalence of established risk factors for @entity5 in both populations. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study comparing the prevalence of @entity4 , @entity1 , and @entity2 smoking between random samples of the English and Swedish populations aged 40-59 years. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression yielded odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals, adjusting for potential confounding. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 3633 English and 1483 Swedish @entity0 (response rates 43 and 62%, respectively). The prevalence of @entity3 occurring at least weekly was twice as common in the English compared with the Swedish sample. Obesity (BMI >= 30) was also nearly two-fold more common in the English sample. The frequency of @entity2 smoking was similar in both countries. The combination of @entity3 and a BMI of at least 25 was three-fold more common in the English than in the Swedish sample. CONCLUSION: The substantially higher prevalence of @entity3 and @entity1 in samples of the English population compared with the Swedish population might contribute to the known higher incidence of @entity5 in the UK.

title: Increased population prevalence of reflux and XXXX in the United Kingdom compared with Sweden: a potential explanation for the difference in incidence of @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complete @entity1 regression may develop after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for @entity1 . Studies have suggested that selected @entity0 with complete clinical response may avoid radical surgery and close surveillance may provide good outcomes with no oncologic compromise. However, definition of complete clinical response is often imprecise and may vary between different studies. The aim of this study is to provide a clear definition for a complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in @entity0 with @entity1 in addition to actual endoscopic videos from @entity0 managed nonoperatively. METHODS: @entity0 with nonmetastatic @entity1 treated by neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy, including 50.4 Gy and concomitant @entity3 and @entity4 , were assessed for @entity1 response at least 8 weeks after chemoradiation therapy completion. Complete and incomplete clinical responses were defined based on clinical and endoscopic findings. @entity0 with complete clinical response were not immediately operated on and were closely followed. Early and late endoscopic findings were recorded. RESULTS: Definition of a complete clinical response should be based on very strict clinical and endoscopic criteria. The finding of any residual superficial @entity2 , irregularity, or nodule should prompt surgical attention, including transanal full-thickness excision or even a radical resection with total mesorectal excision. Standard or incisional biopsies should be avoided in this setting. Complete clinical responders should harbor no more than whitening of the mucosa, teleangiectasia with mucosal integrity to be considered for a nonoperative approach. In the presence of these findings, regularly scheduled reassessments may provide a safe alternative to these @entity0 with early detection of recurrent disease. CONCLUSION: Strict definition of the clinical and endoscopic findings of @entity0 experiencing complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy may provide a useful tool for the understanding of outcomes of @entity0 managed with no immediate surgery allowing standardization of classifications and comparison between the experiences of different institutions.

title: Complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for XXXX : characterization of clinical and endoscopic findings for standardization.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: This study assessed the effects of @entity2 on repeated sprint ability (RSA), reactive agility time ( @entity1 ), sleep and next day exercise performance. METHODS: Ten moderately trained male athletes (single-blind, randomized, crossover design) ingested either @entity2 (6 mg.kg-1 bm) or placebo 1 h before exercise. Trials were performed on the same day one week apart. Performance measures included a @entity1 test (10 trials  10.2 m, separated by 30 s), followed by 7 min of active recovery and then a RSA test (five sets of 6  20 m sprints with 25 or 60 s of recovery). The RSA was then followed by 5 min of active recovery and another @entity1 . That night, @entity0 wore a wrist sleep actigraph to bed. Next day, @entity0 repeated the @entity1 and the first set of the RSA tests. RESULTS: Significant improvements were demonstrated after @entity2 ingestion compared to placebo for the combined total time of each set (TT; combined sets 1, 3, 5; 58.947  1.88 vs. 59.683  2.54 s, respectively; P=0.05), best sprint time (BT; next day performance; 3.176  0.10 vs. 3.230  0.12 s, respectively, P=0.01), and % decrement (combined sets 2, 4; 2.866  1.24 vs. 3.801  1.69 s, respectively; P=0.02). Moderate to strong effect sizes were found for % decrement for set 2 (Cohen's d=-0.82; 1.312  0.65 vs. 2.110  1.20 s for @entity2 and placebo conditions, respectively) and for sets 2 and 4 combined (Cohen's d=-0.63; 2.866  1.24 vs. 3.801  1.69 for @entity2 and placebo conditions, respectively). No significant differences were found for @entity1 or for sleep measures (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity2 improved RSA, including next day performance, but had little effect on @entity1 or sleep parameters.

title: Effects of XXXX on repeated sprint ability, reactive agility time, sleep and next day performance.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 combined with parenteral @entity1 sucrose therapy is an alternative to blood transfusion in anemic @entity0 . It was shown to be effective in surgical @entity0 in several previous studies when used in conjunction with other methods. However, there are no guidelines about safety limits in dosage amounts or intervals. In this study, we report a case of significant @entity2 managed with high dose parenteral @entity8 , low dose @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity4 , and @entity6 . An 80-year-old female @entity0 presented for severe @entity3 after a total hip arthroplasty and refused an allogenic blood transfusion as treatment. The preoperative hemoglobin of 12.2 g/dL decreased to 5.3 g/dL postoperatively. She received the aforementioned combination of @entity1 sucrose, @entity5 , and vitamins. A total of 1,500 mg of intravenous @entity1 sucrose was given postoperatively for 6 consecutive days. @entity5 was also administered at 2,000 IU every other day for a total of 12,000 IU. The @entity0 was discharged in good condition on the twelfth postoperative day with a hemoglobin of 8.5 g/dL. Her hemoglobin was at 11.2 g/dL on the twentieth postoperative day.

title: Postoperative high-dose intravenous XXXX sucrose with low dose @entity5 therapy after total hip replacement.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 combined with parenteral @entity1 sucrose therapy is an alternative to blood transfusion in anemic @entity0 . It was shown to be effective in surgical @entity0 in several previous studies when used in conjunction with other methods. However, there are no guidelines about safety limits in dosage amounts or intervals. In this study, we report a case of significant @entity2 managed with high dose parenteral @entity8 , low dose @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity4 , and @entity6 . An 80-year-old female @entity0 presented for severe @entity3 after a total hip arthroplasty and refused an allogenic blood transfusion as treatment. The preoperative hemoglobin of 12.2 g/dL decreased to 5.3 g/dL postoperatively. She received the aforementioned combination of @entity1 sucrose, @entity5 , and vitamins. A total of 1,500 mg of intravenous @entity1 sucrose was given postoperatively for 6 consecutive days. @entity5 was also administered at 2,000 IU every other day for a total of 12,000 IU. The @entity0 was discharged in good condition on the twelfth postoperative day with a hemoglobin of 8.5 g/dL. Her hemoglobin was at 11.2 g/dL on the twentieth postoperative day.

title: Postoperative high-dose intravenous @entity1 sucrose with low dose XXXX therapy after total hip replacement.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report @entity1 -like symptoms and unusual central nervous system adverse effects in 2 elderly @entity0 receiving ertapenem. CASE SUMMARY: Two @entity0 >= 70 years of age experienced unusual mental status changes while receiving ertapenem. @entity0 1 developed garbled speech and miosis 1 week after starting appropriately dosed @entity8 (1 g/day) for @entity7 . Symptoms resolved upon ertapenem discontinuation but recurred upon rechallenge. @entity0 2, a cachectic male with @entity4 , became delirious and progressively obtunded 5 days after starting ertapenem 1 g/day. Nine days after initiation of therapy, he required intubation and mechanical ventilation; ertapenem was discontinued at that time. Within 2 days of ertapenem discontinuation, his mental state cleared and the ventilator was removed. DISCUSSION: Carbapenems, including ertapenem, have been implicated in causing @entity2 , including @entity6 and @entity3 . However, published reports of other, nonseizure-related central nervous system events are limited. Considerable resources were expended on extensive medical interventions before ertapenem was identified as a potential cause of the @entity5 in our @entity0 . When applied to our @entity0 , the Naranjo probability scale indicated a highly probable relationship for @entity0 1 and a probable relationship for @entity0 2 between the adverse effects and ertapenem use. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be cognizant of ertapenem's potential to induce profound changes in mental status that may mimic other conditions in elderly @entity0 .

title: XXXX associated with ertapenem use.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antioxidants may protect normal cells from the oxidative damage that occurs during radiotherapy and certain chemotherapy regimens; however, the same mechanism could protect @entity2 cells and potentially reduce effectiveness of @entity2 treatments. We evaluated the association of @entity6 supplement use in the first 6 months after @entity0 treatment with total mortality and recurrence. METHODS: We conducted a population-based prospective cohort study of 4,877 @entity1 aged 20 to 75 years diagnosed with invasive @entity0 in Shanghai, China, between March 2002 and April 2006. @entity1 were interviewed approximately 6 months after diagnosis and followed up by in- @entity1 interviews and record linkage with the vital statistics registry. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 4.1 years, 444 @entity3 and 532 recurrences occurred. @entity6 use shortly after @entity0 was associated with reduced mortality and recurrence risk, adjusted for multiple lifestyle factors, sociodemographics, and known clinical prognostic factors. @entity1 who used antioxidants ( @entity4 , @entity5 , multivitamins) had 18% reduced mortality risk (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.65-1.02) and 22% reduced recurrence risk (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.63-0.95). The inverse association was found regardless of whether @entity6 use was concurrent or nonconcurrent with chemotherapy, but was present only among @entity1 who did not receive radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 supplement use in the first 6 months after @entity0 may be associated with reduced risk of mortality and recurrence. IMPACT: Our results do not support the current recommendation that @entity0 @entity1 should avoid use of @entity6 supplements.

title: @entity6 supplement use during XXXX treatment and survival: a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antioxidants may protect normal cells from the oxidative damage that occurs during radiotherapy and certain chemotherapy regimens; however, the same mechanism could protect @entity2 cells and potentially reduce effectiveness of @entity2 treatments. We evaluated the association of @entity6 supplement use in the first 6 months after @entity0 treatment with total mortality and recurrence. METHODS: We conducted a population-based prospective cohort study of 4,877 @entity1 aged 20 to 75 years diagnosed with invasive @entity0 in Shanghai, China, between March 2002 and April 2006. @entity1 were interviewed approximately 6 months after diagnosis and followed up by in- @entity1 interviews and record linkage with the vital statistics registry. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 4.1 years, 444 @entity3 and 532 recurrences occurred. @entity6 use shortly after @entity0 was associated with reduced mortality and recurrence risk, adjusted for multiple lifestyle factors, sociodemographics, and known clinical prognostic factors. @entity1 who used antioxidants ( @entity4 , @entity5 , multivitamins) had 18% reduced mortality risk (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.65-1.02) and 22% reduced recurrence risk (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.63-0.95). The inverse association was found regardless of whether @entity6 use was concurrent or nonconcurrent with chemotherapy, but was present only among @entity1 who did not receive radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 supplement use in the first 6 months after @entity0 may be associated with reduced risk of mortality and recurrence. IMPACT: Our results do not support the current recommendation that @entity0 @entity1 should avoid use of @entity6 supplements.

title: XXXX supplement use during @entity0 treatment and survival: a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many of the foods abundant in the traditional Mediterranean diet, such as vegetables and fish, have been associated with slower @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern or to the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) is associated with @entity1 in older adults. DESIGN: This article is based on analyses of data from an ongoing longitudinal study in adults aged >= 65 y known as the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity2 @entity0 (2280 blacks and 1510 whites) with >= 2 cognitive assessments were evaluated for adherence to 1) the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet; maximum score: 55) and 2) the HEI-2005 (maximum score: 100). For both scoring systems, higher scores connote greater adherence. Cognitive function was assessed at 3-y intervals on the basis of a composite measure of global cognition. Linear mixed models were used to examine the association of dietary scores to change in cognitive function. Mean follow-up time was 7.6 y. RESULTS: Mean (  SD) scores for @entity0 were 28.2    0.1 for the MedDiet and 61.2    9.6 for the HEI-2005. White @entity0 had higher energy-adjusted MedDiet scores but lower HEI-2005 scores than did black @entity0 . Higher MedDiet scores were associated with slower rates of @entity1 (b = +0.0014 per 1-point increase, SEE = 0.0004, P = 0.0004) after adjustment for age, sex, race, education, participation in cognitive activities, and energy. No such associations were observed for HEI-2005 scores. CONCLUSION: The Mediterranean dietary pattern as captured by the MedDiet scoring system may reduce the rate of @entity1 with older age.

title: Adherence to a Mediterranean-type dietary pattern and XXXX in a community population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Goal setting is an established strategy in health behavior change programs although its usefulness remains uncertain. The authors investigate the validity of attainment of a @entity0 -identified goal as an outcome measure in cardiac rehabilitation after @entity1 . METHODS: On entry into a randomized controlled trial of cardiac rehabilitation after an acute @entity1 , @entity0 identified one activity that, if and when attained, would reflect their perception of a successful recovery. @entity0 reported whether they had attained their goal and the time of goal attainment. This was then related to trial outcomes that included generic and specific health-related quality of life and percent predicted exercise tolerance. RESULTS: Goals identified by 180 of the 201 (89.6%) @entity0 , were attained by 51.5% at 8 weeks and by 86.5% at 12 months. At the end of the 8-week intervention, there was a substantial trend for fewer rehabilitation than usual care @entity0 to have attained their identified goal (P < 0.06), although rehabilitation @entity0 demonstrated greater improvement in specific health-related quality of life and exercise tolerance than usual care @entity0 (P < 0.05). Among @entity0 who identified a recreational physical activity goal (26.7%), significantly fewer (P < 0.007) rehabilitation than usual care @entity0 had attained their goal at the end of the intervention with no differences in improvement in outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Although improvement in outcomes was greater in rehabilitation @entity0 than usual care @entity0 at 8 weeks, goal attainment, particularly for the recreational physical activity goal, was greater among usual care @entity0 . The validity of self-identified activity goal attainment as a measure of the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation is unclear and might give misleading results.

title: Goal attainment in a randomized controlled trial of rehabilitation after XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the severity of @entity1 in @entity0 with a history of @entity8 who complain of daytime @entity11 , to investigate polygraphic @entity1 , and to determine whether @entity1 was the cause or consequence of the @entity8 . METHODS: The authors performed a systematic evaluation of 184 @entity0 comprised of clinical interviews, @entity1 questionnaires, @entity1 and @entity7 scales, medical and neurologic evaluations, sleep logs with actigraphy, nocturnal polysomnography, and the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). Assessments of @entity1 before the accident were based on bed partner interviews, coworker and employer reports, health reports, driving records, and employment history that included absenteeism. RESULTS: Post-traumatic complaint of @entity11 was associated with variable degrees of impaired daytime functioning in more than 98% of @entity0 . @entity0 who were in a @entity9 for 24 hours, who had a @entity6 , or who had immediate neurosurgical interventions were likely to have scores > 16 points on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and < or = 5 minutes on the MSLT. @entity5 at night was an important factor in nocturnal sleep disruption and @entity1 . @entity1 @entity10 was a common finding and was the only finding in @entity12 @entity0 with @entity1 . Extensive evaluation of @entity4 supported the conclusion that the onset of symptomatic @entity1 @entity10 was associated with the @entity2 . The @entity0 who showed a "compulsive @entity4 " were severely impaired in performing their daily activities. CONCLUSIONS: A systematic approach is required when dealing with @entity0 complaining of @entity11 following a @entity3 .

title: XXXX after @entity3 : a medicolegal dilemma.

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the severity of @entity1 in @entity0 with a history of @entity8 who complain of daytime @entity11 , to investigate polygraphic @entity1 , and to determine whether @entity1 was the cause or consequence of the @entity8 . METHODS: The authors performed a systematic evaluation of 184 @entity0 comprised of clinical interviews, @entity1 questionnaires, @entity1 and @entity7 scales, medical and neurologic evaluations, sleep logs with actigraphy, nocturnal polysomnography, and the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). Assessments of @entity1 before the accident were based on bed partner interviews, coworker and employer reports, health reports, driving records, and employment history that included absenteeism. RESULTS: Post-traumatic complaint of @entity11 was associated with variable degrees of impaired daytime functioning in more than 98% of @entity0 . @entity0 who were in a @entity9 for 24 hours, who had a @entity6 , or who had immediate neurosurgical interventions were likely to have scores > 16 points on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and < or = 5 minutes on the MSLT. @entity5 at night was an important factor in nocturnal sleep disruption and @entity1 . @entity1 @entity10 was a common finding and was the only finding in @entity12 @entity0 with @entity1 . Extensive evaluation of @entity4 supported the conclusion that the onset of symptomatic @entity1 @entity10 was associated with the @entity2 . The @entity0 who showed a "compulsive @entity4 " were severely impaired in performing their daily activities. CONCLUSIONS: A systematic approach is required when dealing with @entity0 complaining of @entity11 following a @entity3 .

title: @entity11 after XXXX : a medicolegal dilemma.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the demonstrated efficacy of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) for acute @entity4 can be effective in a community setting. METHODS: Sixty-eight consecutive @entity0 with acute @entity4 treated with IV @entity6 within 3 hours of symptom onset by attending general neurologists in a busy teaching hospital. Outcome measures at 3 months were the National Institute of Health @entity2 Scale (NIHSS), functional outcome (independence [modified Rankin score 0-2], dependence [modified Rankin score 3-5], and @entity3 ), and symptomatic @entity5 . Appropriately treated @entity0 were defined by adherence to the National Institute of @entity1 and @entity2 (NINDS) guidelines. Effectiveness is expressed as the absolute risk reduction in which the baseline risk is assumed to be similar to that of the NINDS control group. RESULTS: Of 68 consecutively treated @entity0 (with a mean baseline NIHSS score of 15 +/- 6), 26 (38%) made a full recovery and 39 (57%) made an independent recovery. The 11 @entity0 who violated protocol had a lower probability of independence (p < 0.02) and full neurologic recovery (p < 0.02) and a higher probability of symptomatic @entity5 (p < 0.05) and @entity3 (p < 0.01) compared with those of 57 @entity0 treated according to NINDS guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: The use of @entity6 for @entity2 in this community is effective with a number needed to treat of six. The risk of symptomatic @entity5 is similar to that noted in randomized trials. Treating @entity0 who violate protocol results in excess risk with no observable benefit.

title: Effectiveness of XXXX in acute @entity4 : outcome relates to appropriateness.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the demonstrated efficacy of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) for acute @entity4 can be effective in a community setting. METHODS: Sixty-eight consecutive @entity0 with acute @entity4 treated with IV @entity6 within 3 hours of symptom onset by attending general neurologists in a busy teaching hospital. Outcome measures at 3 months were the National Institute of Health @entity2 Scale (NIHSS), functional outcome (independence [modified Rankin score 0-2], dependence [modified Rankin score 3-5], and @entity3 ), and symptomatic @entity5 . Appropriately treated @entity0 were defined by adherence to the National Institute of @entity1 and @entity2 (NINDS) guidelines. Effectiveness is expressed as the absolute risk reduction in which the baseline risk is assumed to be similar to that of the NINDS control group. RESULTS: Of 68 consecutively treated @entity0 (with a mean baseline NIHSS score of 15 +/- 6), 26 (38%) made a full recovery and 39 (57%) made an independent recovery. The 11 @entity0 who violated protocol had a lower probability of independence (p < 0.02) and full neurologic recovery (p < 0.02) and a higher probability of symptomatic @entity5 (p < 0.05) and @entity3 (p < 0.01) compared with those of 57 @entity0 treated according to NINDS guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: The use of @entity6 for @entity2 in this community is effective with a number needed to treat of six. The risk of symptomatic @entity5 is similar to that noted in randomized trials. Treating @entity0 who violate protocol results in excess risk with no observable benefit.

title: Effectiveness of @entity6 in acute XXXX : outcome relates to appropriateness.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of a @entity5 -patch in the treatment of a @entity1 @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty male C57BL6 @entity1 were divided into two groups: treated and control. Superficial @entity0 were induced in both groups by injecting B16F1 @entity2 at about 10 cells/ @entity1 subcutaneously. @entity0 developed 10-15 days after transplantation and the @entity5 -patch was applied on palpable @entity0 of the treated group. @entity0 growth was followed up in both groups by measuring @entity0 size with a caliper. After the follow-up period, the animals were killed and @entity0 samples of the treated and control groups were collected for histological study by preparing paraffin sections stained with @entity3 - @entity4 . RESULTS: The @entity5 -patch showed the absence of radioactivity leakage in vitro and the homogeneous distribution of the radionuclide. The skin surface at the application site of the @entity5 -patch appeared hairless, and erythema developed, but reversed to normal after a few days in the treated group. Control of @entity0 growth was achieved in the treated group compared with the control group, although complete remission did not occur. CONCLUSION: The @entity5 -patch tested for the treatment of a @entity1 @entity2 model showed its efficacy, as @entity0 growth was retarded after application of the patch Nevertheless, adjustment of some therapeutic parameters and/or combining the patch with other treatment modalities may be necessary to achieve complete regression. The P-patch represents a powerful tool to individualize the treatment of @entity2 .

title: Radioactive treatment of a @entity1 @entity2 using a XXXX -patch.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of a @entity5 -patch in the treatment of a @entity1 @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty male C57BL6 @entity1 were divided into two groups: treated and control. Superficial @entity0 were induced in both groups by injecting B16F1 @entity2 at about 10 cells/ @entity1 subcutaneously. @entity0 developed 10-15 days after transplantation and the @entity5 -patch was applied on palpable @entity0 of the treated group. @entity0 growth was followed up in both groups by measuring @entity0 size with a caliper. After the follow-up period, the animals were killed and @entity0 samples of the treated and control groups were collected for histological study by preparing paraffin sections stained with @entity3 - @entity4 . RESULTS: The @entity5 -patch showed the absence of radioactivity leakage in vitro and the homogeneous distribution of the radionuclide. The skin surface at the application site of the @entity5 -patch appeared hairless, and erythema developed, but reversed to normal after a few days in the treated group. Control of @entity0 growth was achieved in the treated group compared with the control group, although complete remission did not occur. CONCLUSION: The @entity5 -patch tested for the treatment of a @entity1 @entity2 model showed its efficacy, as @entity0 growth was retarded after application of the patch Nevertheless, adjustment of some therapeutic parameters and/or combining the patch with other treatment modalities may be necessary to achieve complete regression. The P-patch represents a powerful tool to individualize the treatment of @entity2 .

title: Radioactive treatment of a @entity1 XXXX using a @entity5 -patch.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of a @entity5 -patch in the treatment of a @entity1 @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty male C57BL6 @entity1 were divided into two groups: treated and control. Superficial @entity0 were induced in both groups by injecting B16F1 @entity2 at about 10 cells/ @entity1 subcutaneously. @entity0 developed 10-15 days after transplantation and the @entity5 -patch was applied on palpable @entity0 of the treated group. @entity0 growth was followed up in both groups by measuring @entity0 size with a caliper. After the follow-up period, the animals were killed and @entity0 samples of the treated and control groups were collected for histological study by preparing paraffin sections stained with @entity3 - @entity4 . RESULTS: The @entity5 -patch showed the absence of radioactivity leakage in vitro and the homogeneous distribution of the radionuclide. The skin surface at the application site of the @entity5 -patch appeared hairless, and erythema developed, but reversed to normal after a few days in the treated group. Control of @entity0 growth was achieved in the treated group compared with the control group, although complete remission did not occur. CONCLUSION: The @entity5 -patch tested for the treatment of a @entity1 @entity2 model showed its efficacy, as @entity0 growth was retarded after application of the patch Nevertheless, adjustment of some therapeutic parameters and/or combining the patch with other treatment modalities may be necessary to achieve complete regression. The P-patch represents a powerful tool to individualize the treatment of @entity2 .

title: Radioactive treatment of a XXXX @entity2 using a @entity5 -patch.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: After having read the articles by Treasure and Beshay about the particular incidence of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in @entity0 with daily consumption of Cannabis the authors took a strictly control of these subjects reviewing their personal experience in the treatment of this condition. In particular, the prevalence of @entity5 has been evaluated through genomic assay of monocorial twins. The strong impact of the inflammatory phenomena that have always supported the @entity4 burning is 10 time higher among worldwide population and @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: In order to determine the real incidence of @entity5 in @entity0 with proved daily assumption of Cannabis a retrospective analysis of @entity0 with history of Cannabis @entity1 has been performed. In the period from January 2002 and June 2007,12 consecutive @entity0 with @entity5 and history of @entity2 were enrolled. Selection criteria were: 1) age <16 years; 2) single-sided @entity5 ; 3) history of daily Cannabis assumption. @entity0 with previous thoracic surgery/trauma and positive anamnesis for other drug assumption (ODA), snorkelling or work exposition to pollutions were excluded. In order to avoid the clinical overlapping of pathology and clinical symptoms due to other factors, @entity0 with @entity3 and documented similar episodes were excluded. This series focused on particular on twins. In all the @entity0 an @entity6 was inserted, and 3 @entity0 underwent toracostomy. RESULTS: No operatory mortality and/or complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The role of the thoracic surgeon is important to sensitize on the problem of the circulation of light drugs among young @entity0 and their effects on the lung activity.

title: [Pneumotorax and XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The disease of addiction is upon us and it is obvious that the elderly are not immune. There is every reason to believe from early reports that the elderly respond favorably to treatment, perhaps more so than their younger counterparts. It is believed that treating @entity2 as a @entity1 rather than as a symptom of something else has been a great boon in terms of improving recovery rates. Furthermore, group therapy is the main component of treatment in rehabilitation, as it affords the greatest opportunity to shift the @entity2 on chemical to a @entity2 on @entity0 beings. The physician is in a key position to help the elderly, because so many elderly need and use medical care. Intervention is highly recommended if the doctor is knowledgeable and skilled in this area and is willing to kindly confront the @entity0 with a somewhat undesirable diagnosis. Rehabilitation regimens are becoming more plentiful throughout the country. If services are unavailable, however, there is always AA to fall back on or to recommend initially. Remember, fully one third of all AA members are older than 50 and that it is a source of acceptance, support, and an opportunity to depend on @entity0 beings instead of psychoactive chemicals. Remember too that few @entity0 with addiction recover by themselves. It is worth remembering that this is an incurable disease in that once addicted, it is unlikely that anyone can ever use socially psychoactive chemical substances again. Use of psychoactive chemicals is fraught with danger for the physician and the @entity0 and indeed may place the physician at risk for malpractice. There is great satisfaction to be gained from helping those afflicted with @entity3 and other @entity2 . The gratitude displayed by those receiving help for this affliction is truly remarkable and one that will leave the clinician with a sense of "a job well done."

title: @entity3 and other XXXX .

answer: @entity2