abstract: BACKGROUND: Increased emphasis is being placed on the critical need to control @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a nurse-managed home telehealth intervention to improve outcomes in veterans with comorbid @entity1 and @entity2 . DESIGN: A single-center, randomized, controlled clinical trial design comparing two remote monitoring intensity levels and usual care in @entity0 with @entity4 2 @entity1 and @entity2 being treated in primary care was used. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcomes were hemoglobin A1c and systolic blood pressure (SBP); secondary outcome was adherence. RESULTS: Intervention subjects experienced decreased A1c during the 6-month intervention period compared with the control group, but 6 months after the intervention was withdrawn, the intervention groups were comparable with the control group. For SBP, the high-intensity subjects had a significant decrease in SBP compared with the other groups at 6 months and this pattern was maintained at 12 months. Adherence improved over time for all groups, but there were no differences among the three groups. LIMITATIONS: Subjects had relatively good baseline control for A1c and SBP; minorities and @entity0 were underrepresented. CONCLUSIONS: Home telehealth provides an innovative and pragmatic approach to enhance earlier detection of key clinical symptoms requiring intervention. Transmission of education and advice to the @entity0 on an ongoing basis with close surveillance by nurses can improve clinical outcomes in @entity0 with comorbid @entity3 .

title: Effectiveness of home telehealth in comorbid XXXX and @entity2 : a randomized, controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pedophiles show sexual interest in prepubescent @entity0 but not in adults. Research into the neurofunctional mechanisms of @entity2 has gathered momentum over the last years. AIM: To elucidate the underlying neural processing of sexual interest among pedophiles and to highlight the differences in comparison with nonparaphilic sexual interest in adults. METHODS: Nine pedophilic @entity0 and 11 nonpedophilic control subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while viewing pictures of nude (prepubescents, pubescents, and adults) and neutral content, as well as performing a concomitant choice reaction time task (CRTT). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Brain blood @entity1 level-dependent (BOLD) signals and response latencies in the CRTT during exposure to each picture category. RESULTS: Analysis of behavioral data showed group differences in reaction times regarding prepubescent and adult but not pubescent stimuli. During stimulation with pictures displaying nude prepubescents, pedophiles showed increased BOLD response in brain areas known to be involved in processing of visual sexual stimuli. Comparison of pedophilic @entity0 with the control group discovered differences in BOLD responses with respect to prepubescent and adult but not to pubescent stimuli. Differential effects in particular occurred in the cingulate gyrus and insular region. CONCLUSIONS: The brain response of pedophiles to visual sexual stimulation by images of nude prepubescents is comparable with previously described neural patterns of sexual processing in nonpedophilic @entity0 males evoked by visual stimuli depicting nude adults. Nevertheless, group differences found in the cingulate gyrus and the insular region suggest an important role of these brain areas in pedophilic sexual interest. Furthermore, combining attention-based methods like CRTT with fMRI may be a viable option for future diagnostic procedures regarding @entity3 .

title: Functional cortical and subcortical abnormalities in XXXX : a combined study using a choice reaction time task and fMRI.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Lymph nodes from @entity0 with @entity2 or mixed cellularity type were examined by electron microscopy to classify all the cells that occur in these types of @entity1 . Most of the cells showed morphological features that were the same, or nearly the same, as those of cells of normal lymphoid tissue. These included typical interdigitating reticulum cells (IDC), histiocytic reticulum cells, so-called dark reticulum cells, and sinus macrophages. There were also small and medium-sized lymphocytes, immunoblasts, plasma cells, and plasma cell precursors resembling those seen in non-specific @entity3 . Germinal center cells, on the other hand, were present in negligible numbers. Special attention was paid to Hodgkin's (H) and Sternberg-Reed (SR) cells. This group of cells proved to be heterogeneous. The only common features were a large cell size, large nuclei, and a prominent nucleolus. Some of the H and SR cells resembled immunoblasts of normal lymphoid tissue. The cytoplasm of these cells contained numerous polyribosomes, and their heterochromatin was coarsely condensed at the nuclear membrane. Other H and SR cells were more similar to histiocytic cells or reticulum cells because of the large number of cell organelles (e.g., lysosome-like granules) and diffuse heterochromatin. Finally, cases of the @entity4 type of Hodgkin's diseases showed another cell type with some resemblance to IDC. The cells of this type are called lacunar cells because of their special light-microscopic appearance.

title: Electron-microscopic aspects of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) represent the front-line tools for @entity1 vector control globally, but are optimally effective where the majority of baseline transmission occurs indoors. In the surveyed area of rural southern Tanzania, bed net use steadily increased over the last decade, reducing @entity1 transmission intensity by 94%. METHODS: Starting before bed nets were introduced (1997), and then after two milestones of net use had been reached-75% community-wide use of untreated nets (2004) and then 47% use of ITNs (2009)-hourly biting rates of @entity1 vectors from the @entity2 complex and @entity3 group were surveyed. RESULTS: In 1997, An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus mosquitoes exhibited a tendency to bite @entity0 inside houses late at night. For An. gambiae s.l., by 2009, nocturnal activity was less (p = 0.0018). At this time, the sibling species composition of the complex had shifted from predominantly An. gambiae s.s. to predominantly An. arabiensis. For An. funestus, by 2009, nocturnal activity was less (p = 0.0054) as well as the proportion biting indoors (p < 0.0001). At this time, An. funestus s.s. remained the predominant species within this group. As a consequence of these altered feeding patterns, the proportion (mean    standard error) of @entity0 contact with mosquitoes (bites per @entity0 per night) occurring indoors dropped from 0.99    0.002 in 1997 to 0.82    0.008 in 2009 for the An. gambiae complex (p = 0.0143) and from 1.00    <0.001 to only 0.50    0.048 for the An. funestus complex (p = 0.0004) over the same time period. CONCLUSIONS: High usage of ITNs can dramatically alter African vector populations so that intense, predominantly indoor transmission is replaced by greatly lowered residual transmission, a greater proportion of which occurs outdoors. Regardless of the underlying mechanism, the residual, self-sustaining transmission will respond poorly to further insecticidal measures within houses. Additional vector control tools which target outdoor biting mosquitoes at the adult or immature stages are required to complement ITNs and IRS.

title: Increased proportions of outdoor feeding among residual XXXX vector populations following increased use of insecticide-treated nets in rural Tanzania.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been few reports on the role of Fc receptors (FcRs) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in @entity1 . The purpose of this study is to clarify the role of inhibitory FcRs and antigen presenting cells (APCs) in pathogenesis of @entity1 and to evaluate antigen-transporting and presenting capacity by @entity4 . METHODS: In @entity3 (KO) and C57BL/6 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 , the effects of intratracheal instillation of antigen-specific @entity9 were analysed using the model with sensitization and airborne challenge with @entity7 (OVA). Thoracic lymph nodes instilled with @entity2 -conjugated OVA were analysed by fluorescence microscopy. Moreover, we analysed the @entity8 + MHC class II+ cells which intaken @entity2 -conjugated OVA in thoracic lymph nodes by flow cytometry. Also, lung-derived @entity8 + APCs were analysed by flow cytometry. Effects of anti-OVA @entity6 on bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) in vitro were also analysed. Moreover, in FcyRIIB KO @entity0 intravenously transplanted dendritic cells (DCs) differentiated from BMDCs of @entity5 @entity0 , the effects of intratracheal instillation of anti-OVA @entity9 were evaluated by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). RESULTS: In @entity5 @entity0 , total cells and eosinophils in BAL fluid reduced after instillation with anti-OVA @entity6 . Anti-OVA @entity6 suppressed airway inflammation in hyperresponsiveness and histology. In addition, the number of the @entity2 -conjugated OVA in @entity8 + MHC class II+ cells of thoracic lymph nodes with anti-OVA @entity6 instillation decreased compared with PBS. Also, MHC class II expression on lung-derived @entity8 + APCs with anti-OVA @entity6 instillation reduced. Moreover, in vitro, we showed that BMDCs with anti-OVA @entity6 significantly decreased the T cell proliferation. Finally, we demonstrated that the lacking effects of anti-OVA @entity6 on airway inflammation on FcyRIIB KO @entity0 were restored with @entity5 -derived BMDCs transplanted intravenously. CONCLUSION: Antigen-specific @entity9 ameliorates allergic airway inflammation via FcyRIIB on DCs.

title: Antigen-Specific XXXX ameliorates allergic airway inflammation via Fcy receptor IIB on dendritic cells.

answer: @entity9


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Polypectomy at colonoscopy may be difficult or dangerous. In such instances colonic resection may be indicated. Novel combined laparoscopic-endoscopic procedures have the potential to allow safe extensive extramucosal resection, thus avoiding resection. Laparoscopic colon mobilisation provides a more favourable orientation for endoscopic mucosal resection and facilitates identification of possible perforation sites with immediate laparoscopic repair or resection if necessary. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of laparo-endoscopic resection (LER) of @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Data were collected prospectively on consecutive @entity0 undergoing LER. The mode of presentation, referral pattern, lesion site and size, hospital stay, procedural details, complications, histology and further treatment were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 13 @entity0 underwent attempted LER (16 @entity1 in total) and this was completed for 10, with a median hospital stay of 2 days. Five @entity1 were removed whole and eight piecemeal. Excision was clinically complete in all cases. Three procedures were converted to colonic resection. One lesion appeared malignant, indicating a conversion to laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Two @entity1 were not amenable to LER and resection was performed. One @entity0 underwent subsequent colonic resection based on the histological findings. There were no perforations or serious complications. CONCLUSIONS: LER is a safe and effective treatment for large and inaccessible @entity2 that would otherwise be treated by colonic resection.

title: Laparo-endoscopic resection for extensive and inaccessible XXXX : a feasible and safe procedure.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The surgical indications, timing, and procedure for flexible @entity2 reconstruction in young @entity0 remains controversial. This retrospective study reports the clinical results of reconstruction of flexible, idiopathic, symptomatic @entity2 in adolescent and young adults indicated for surgery by persistent @entity1 and functional limitations. The hypothesis was that the results of these procedures allow @entity0 to return to sports activities with minimal discomfort or @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen consecutive @entity2 in ten @entity0 with a mean age of 15.6 years at the time of surgery (range, 10 to 22) were assessed at a final followup visit at average of 5.2 (range, 2 to 10) years. Reconstruction included combined medializing calcaneal osteotomy and lateral column lengthening in all 16 @entity0 . Flexor digitorum longus transfer (nine), medial column stabilization (eight), and gastroncnemius recession (eight) were carried out as needed. The AOFAS, SF-36, and FAOS questionnaires were completed. Sports activity and @entity0 satisfaction were also assessed. Standard preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters were measured. RESULTS: The mean AOFAS score increased on average from 49.1 to 93.4. Only one @entity0 reported a postoperative restriction in sports. The satisfaction level was excellent in 15 feet and good in one foot. Significant improvement in radiographic parameters was noted for the AP talonavicular coverage angle (p < 0.001) and lateral talar-first metatarsal angle (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Flexible @entity2 reconstruction in a cohort of symptomatic adolescent and young adult @entity0 achieved a @entity1 and improved functional outcome including the ability to participate in sporting activities.

title: Reconstruction of the symptomatic idiopathic XXXX in adolescents and young adults.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 may develop @entity2 and Positive Airway Pressure (PAP) is an effective treatment in blood pressure (BP) control. OBJECTIVES: Analyse a hypertensive @entity1 population with unexpected @entity3 after PAP usage and verify correlations between @entity3 , either with @entity1 severity index or nocturnal ventilatory support compliance. METHODS: Descriptive, retrospective analysis of 30 @entity0 with PAP treated OSA, for one year, on average, and with previous controlled @entity2 , who developed a rise in BP, defined as augmentation of > 5 mmHg in systolic (SBP) and/or diastolic BP (DBP), after PAP usage. Co-relational analysis of BP increase, with @entity1 severity indexes and therapy compliance, using Pearson coefficient. RESULTS: Of 508 consecutive @entity0 followed in our Department, treated with nocturnal ventilatory support, 30 evolved with @entity3 after initiating treatment (age 58    10.8 years; Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index [AHI], 46.1    18.68). After PAP usage, mean blood pressure (MBP), Systolic BP (SBP) and @entity3 was 16    15 mmHg, 20    25 mmHg and 6    19.4 mmHg, respectively. No @entity0 showed significant BMI increase. Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) value decreased 8.9    5.48 points. MBP, SBP and DBP variations were not correlated with P90/P95, residual AHI, leaks or PAP compliance. CONCLUSIONS: No specific characteristics were identified in the group who developed a rise in BP with PAP usage. No correlations were found between rises in BP and @entity1 severity indexes or PAP compliance. Neither BMI nor variation in wakefulness status explained the rise in BP. Studies relate polymorphisms of b1-adrenoreceptors with different BP responses to ventilatory support. More studies are needed to clarify the cause of this paradoxical response.

title: Paradoxical reaction of blood pressure on sleep apnoea XXXX treated with Positive Airway Pressure.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy is an established treatment for @entity0 . @entity2 however seems relatively insensitive to this form of therapy. METHODS: @entity2 cell lines MiaPaca-2 and Panc-1 were pre-treated with 3000 IU/ml @entity1 or 100 IU/ml @entity3 followed by 0, 2, 4, or 6 Gray (Gy) irradiation. Colony forming assay was used to assess the effects on cellgrowth. To measure the surviving fraction at the clinically relevant dose of 2Gy ( @entity4 ), cells were pre-treated with 1000-10.000 IU/ml @entity1 or 50-500 IU/ml @entity3 followed by 2Gy irradiation. RESULTS: The plating efficiency was 49% for MiaPaca-2 and 22% for Panc-1. MiaPaca-2 was more radiosensitive than Panc-1 (surviving fraction of 0.28 versus 0.50 at 4 Gray). The @entity4 of MiaPaca-2 was 0.77 while the @entity4 of Panc-1 was 0.70. The @entity4 significantly decreased after pretreatment with @entity1 1000 IU/ml (p<0.001) and @entity3 100 IU/ml (p<0.001) in MiaPaca-2 and with @entity1 5000 IU/ml (p<0.001) and @entity3 100 IU/ml (p<0.01) in Panc-1. The sensitising enhancement ratio (SER) for @entity1 3000 IU/ml was 2.15 in MiaPaca-2 and 1.90 in Panc-1. For @entity3 100 IU/ml the SER was 1.72 for in MiaPaca-2 and 1.51 in Panc-1. CONCLUSIONS: Type I interferons have radiosensitising effects in @entity2 cell lines. This radiosensitising property might lead to an improved response to treatment in @entity2 . Interferon b is the most promising drug due to its effect in clinically obtainable doses.

title: Type I interferons as radiosensitisers for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with downgrading between biopsy and prostatectomy in the contemporary era using extended-template biopsy techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The UCSF Urologic Oncology Database was used to identify subjects diagnosed with high grade @entity2 (primary pattern 4 or 5) in at least one core on extended-pattern biopsy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with downgrading at radical prostatectomy, defined as a change from primary pattern 4 or 5 to primary pattern 3. RESULTS: Downgrading occurred in 68 (34%) of 202 subjects who met the study criteria. Fourteen (47%) of 30 subjects with  <=25% of cores that were high grade and 9 (43%) of 21 subjects with <10% of total tissue containing @entity1 were downgraded. In a multivariable model, @entity0 with mixed grade cores had much higher odds of downgrading than those with all high grade cores (OR 3.0 95% 1.3-7.1), P < 0.01). The proportion (per 10% increment) of positive cores containing high grade @entity1 (OR 0.8 95% CI 0.7-0.9 P < 0.01) and the percent (per 10% increment) of total tissue containing @entity1 (OR 0.7 95% CI 0.6-0.9 P = 0.01) were significantly associated with lower odds of downgrading. CONCLUSIONS: Downgrading following radical prostatectomy is a common event. Biopsy over-grading may preclude @entity0 from active surveillance or lead to unnecessary lymphadenectomy, excess radiation, or prolonged hormone therapy. The proportion of positive biopsy cores that are high grade and the percent of total tissue containing @entity1 should be incorporated into decision making.

title: Factors associated with downgrading in @entity0 with high grade XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors associated with downgrading between biopsy and prostatectomy in the contemporary era using extended-template biopsy techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The UCSF Urologic Oncology Database was used to identify subjects diagnosed with high grade @entity2 (primary pattern 4 or 5) in at least one core on extended-pattern biopsy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with downgrading at radical prostatectomy, defined as a change from primary pattern 4 or 5 to primary pattern 3. RESULTS: Downgrading occurred in 68 (34%) of 202 subjects who met the study criteria. Fourteen (47%) of 30 subjects with  <=25% of cores that were high grade and 9 (43%) of 21 subjects with <10% of total tissue containing @entity1 were downgraded. In a multivariable model, @entity0 with mixed grade cores had much higher odds of downgrading than those with all high grade cores (OR 3.0 95% 1.3-7.1), P < 0.01). The proportion (per 10% increment) of positive cores containing high grade @entity1 (OR 0.8 95% CI 0.7-0.9 P < 0.01) and the percent (per 10% increment) of total tissue containing @entity1 (OR 0.7 95% CI 0.6-0.9 P = 0.01) were significantly associated with lower odds of downgrading. CONCLUSIONS: Downgrading following radical prostatectomy is a common event. Biopsy over-grading may preclude @entity0 from active surveillance or lead to unnecessary lymphadenectomy, excess radiation, or prolonged hormone therapy. The proportion of positive biopsy cores that are high grade and the percent of total tissue containing @entity1 should be incorporated into decision making.

title: Factors associated with downgrading in XXXX with high grade @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are multifunctional proteins that, among other roles, regulate structural reorganization of uterine and placental vascular bed during pregnancy. Thus, we analyzed mRNA and protein expression and immunohistochemical localization of @entity4 and @entity2 , and their receptors ( @entity3 and @entity1 ) in the developing umbilical cord (UC) on days 40, 60, 75 and 90 of pregnancy and after the physiological delivery in the @entity0 (day 114). qPCR analysis demonstrated an increase in @entity4 and @entity2 mRNA levels beginning on day 75 and on day 114 of pregnancy, respectively. In addition, significantly increased @entity5 mRNA expression was also found on day 114. On the other hand, no significant changes in @entity1 mRNA expression were observed. Western Blot analysis revealed a decrease in @entity4 and @entity1 protein expression after day 40. Beside an increased protein expression of @entity2 on day 60, no significant changes in @entity3 protein expression were detected. Immunohistochemical staining enabled detection of FGF- @entity1 system, with different intensity of immunoreaction in endothelial and tunica media cells of the umbilical vessels and in allantoic duct and amniotic epithelium as well as in myofibroblasts. In conclusion, our results show that members of FGF- @entity1 system are expressed specifically in UC structures. Furthermore their day of pregnancy-related expression suggest that they may be an important players during UC formation and development.

title: mRNA and protein expression of @entity4 , XXXX and their receptors in the porcine umbilical cord during pregnancy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are multifunctional proteins that, among other roles, regulate structural reorganization of uterine and placental vascular bed during pregnancy. Thus, we analyzed mRNA and protein expression and immunohistochemical localization of @entity4 and @entity2 , and their receptors ( @entity3 and @entity1 ) in the developing umbilical cord (UC) on days 40, 60, 75 and 90 of pregnancy and after the physiological delivery in the @entity0 (day 114). qPCR analysis demonstrated an increase in @entity4 and @entity2 mRNA levels beginning on day 75 and on day 114 of pregnancy, respectively. In addition, significantly increased @entity5 mRNA expression was also found on day 114. On the other hand, no significant changes in @entity1 mRNA expression were observed. Western Blot analysis revealed a decrease in @entity4 and @entity1 protein expression after day 40. Beside an increased protein expression of @entity2 on day 60, no significant changes in @entity3 protein expression were detected. Immunohistochemical staining enabled detection of FGF- @entity1 system, with different intensity of immunoreaction in endothelial and tunica media cells of the umbilical vessels and in allantoic duct and amniotic epithelium as well as in myofibroblasts. In conclusion, our results show that members of FGF- @entity1 system are expressed specifically in UC structures. Furthermore their day of pregnancy-related expression suggest that they may be an important players during UC formation and development.

title: mRNA and protein expression of XXXX , @entity2 and their receptors in the porcine umbilical cord during pregnancy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Progression of silent @entity5 (SBIs) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) seen on brain MRI is associated with an increased risk of @entity3 , but their relation to endothelial and inflammatory markers is unknown in @entity1 . METHODS: In 190 type 2 @entity1 outpatients (mean age 62.7_emsp14;years), the authors related baseline levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to subsequent brain MRI findings and cognitive function. The authors assessed incident SBIs and changes in periventricular and subcortical @entity2 (PVWMLs and SCWMLs) on MRI performed at baseline and 3 and 6 years. Neuropsychological tests were administered to 83 @entity0 older than 65 years at 6 years. This present study represents an extension of the authors' previously published study. RESULTS: SBIs were observed in 46 @entity0 (24.2%), PVWMLs in 93 (48.9%) and SCWMLs in 87 (45.8%) on baseline MRI. After adjustment for age, gender, @entity4 , duration of @entity1 , baseline MRI findings and medication use, the relative odds associated with a 1SD increase in sICAM-1 levels at baseline were 1.67 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.05) for SBI progression and 2.17 (95% CI 1.29 to 3.62) for PVWML progression at 6 years. In contrast, baseline hs-CRP levels were significantly associated with SBI progression only at 3 years. Significant trends were observed between quartiles of sICAM-1 at baseline and scores in Digit Symbol substitution (p for trend=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that higher sICAM-1 levels are associated with SBI and PVWML progression, and may predict @entity3 .

title: Endothelial and inflammatory markers in relation to progression of ischaemic cerebral small-vessel disease and @entity3 : a 6-year longitudinal study in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Progression of silent @entity5 (SBIs) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) seen on brain MRI is associated with an increased risk of @entity3 , but their relation to endothelial and inflammatory markers is unknown in @entity1 . METHODS: In 190 type 2 @entity1 outpatients (mean age 62.7_emsp14;years), the authors related baseline levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to subsequent brain MRI findings and cognitive function. The authors assessed incident SBIs and changes in periventricular and subcortical @entity2 (PVWMLs and SCWMLs) on MRI performed at baseline and 3 and 6 years. Neuropsychological tests were administered to 83 @entity0 older than 65 years at 6 years. This present study represents an extension of the authors' previously published study. RESULTS: SBIs were observed in 46 @entity0 (24.2%), PVWMLs in 93 (48.9%) and SCWMLs in 87 (45.8%) on baseline MRI. After adjustment for age, gender, @entity4 , duration of @entity1 , baseline MRI findings and medication use, the relative odds associated with a 1SD increase in sICAM-1 levels at baseline were 1.67 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.05) for SBI progression and 2.17 (95% CI 1.29 to 3.62) for PVWML progression at 6 years. In contrast, baseline hs-CRP levels were significantly associated with SBI progression only at 3 years. Significant trends were observed between quartiles of sICAM-1 at baseline and scores in Digit Symbol substitution (p for trend=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that higher sICAM-1 levels are associated with SBI and PVWML progression, and may predict @entity3 .

title: Endothelial and inflammatory markers in relation to progression of ischaemic cerebral small-vessel disease and XXXX : a 6-year longitudinal study in @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Progression of silent @entity5 (SBIs) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) seen on brain MRI is associated with an increased risk of @entity3 , but their relation to endothelial and inflammatory markers is unknown in @entity1 . METHODS: In 190 type 2 @entity1 outpatients (mean age 62.7_emsp14;years), the authors related baseline levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) to subsequent brain MRI findings and cognitive function. The authors assessed incident SBIs and changes in periventricular and subcortical @entity2 (PVWMLs and SCWMLs) on MRI performed at baseline and 3 and 6 years. Neuropsychological tests were administered to 83 @entity0 older than 65 years at 6 years. This present study represents an extension of the authors' previously published study. RESULTS: SBIs were observed in 46 @entity0 (24.2%), PVWMLs in 93 (48.9%) and SCWMLs in 87 (45.8%) on baseline MRI. After adjustment for age, gender, @entity4 , duration of @entity1 , baseline MRI findings and medication use, the relative odds associated with a 1SD increase in sICAM-1 levels at baseline were 1.67 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.05) for SBI progression and 2.17 (95% CI 1.29 to 3.62) for PVWML progression at 6 years. In contrast, baseline hs-CRP levels were significantly associated with SBI progression only at 3 years. Significant trends were observed between quartiles of sICAM-1 at baseline and scores in Digit Symbol substitution (p for trend=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that higher sICAM-1 levels are associated with SBI and PVWML progression, and may predict @entity3 .

title: Endothelial and inflammatory markers in relation to progression of ischaemic cerebral small-vessel disease and @entity3 : a 6-year longitudinal study in XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: This paper describes an experimental study on vascular bundle transplantation into the femoral head of puppies before @entity3 . Sixty-seven young mongrel @entity2 , about 3 months of age, were used in this study. Necrotized femoral heads were made by interruption of blood supply to the femoral head, extramedullary and intermedullary. The transplantation of a vascular bundle was performed on intact and necrotized femoral heads. One month after the interruption of blood supply, deformity, @entity1 and cystic formation of the head, and wide radiolucent shadow in the metaphysis were noted. Observation over nine months revealed flattening of the femoral head, @entity5 and disappearance of the femoral head in severe cases. In the transplantation to intact femoral heads, transplanted vascular bundles maintained patency and anastomosed with preexisting vessels. Neither @entity4 of the head nor distinctive pathological change was seen in the transplanted head or in the control side. In the transplantation to necrotized femoral heads, proliferation of new blood vessels was seen in the whole head. One month after the transplantation, new bone formation was active with proliferation of capillaries. Two months after the transplantation, dense cancellous bone or lamellar bone was made within the head, which showed @entity1 in four months after the surgery and bone marrow was restored. In the case of severe changes in the epiphyseal cartilage, @entity0 and shortening of the neck were noted although better restoration was obtained than in the control.

title: [Experimental study of vascular bundle transplantation to femoral head of young mongrel XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The present study examined whether a moderately aversive abdominal threat would lead to greater enhancement in affect- and @entity2 -related defensive responding as indexed by the acoustic @entity4 reflex (ASR) and nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) in @entity0 compared to @entity0 . We also predicted sex differences in threat-related autonomic arousal measured by @entity3 ( @entity3 ) to acoustic @entity4 and noxious sural nerve stimulation. Unpredictable threat was manipulated by alternating 30-second safe ("no abdominal stimulation will be given") and threat ("abdominal stimulation may occur at anytime") periods. The experiment consisted of 2 blocks, each containing 4 safe and 4 threat periods in which the ASR or NFR was randomly probed 9-21 seconds following period onset. Unpredictable abdominal threat potentiated both ASR and NFR responses compared to periods signaling safety. @entity3 to acoustic @entity4 probes and noxious sural nerve stimulation were also significantly elevated during the threat vs safe periods. No sex differences in ASR or @entity4 -evoked @entity3 emerged. However, nociceptive responding was moderated by sex; females showed significant increases in NFR magnitudes across both safe and threat periods compared to males. Females also showed greater threat-potentiated @entity3 to sural nerve stimulation than males. Our findings indicate that both affect- and @entity2 and arousal systems are strongly influenced by threat of an aversive, unpredictable event, a situation associated with anticipatory @entity1 . Females, compared to males, showed greater nociceptive responding and @entity2 modulation when exposed to an unpredictable threatening context, whereas affect-driven ASR responses showed no such sex differentiation.

title: Modulation of nociceptive and acoustic XXXX responses to an unpredictable threat in @entity0 and @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The present study examined whether a moderately aversive abdominal threat would lead to greater enhancement in affect- and @entity2 -related defensive responding as indexed by the acoustic @entity4 reflex (ASR) and nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) in @entity0 compared to @entity0 . We also predicted sex differences in threat-related autonomic arousal measured by @entity3 ( @entity3 ) to acoustic @entity4 and noxious sural nerve stimulation. Unpredictable threat was manipulated by alternating 30-second safe ("no abdominal stimulation will be given") and threat ("abdominal stimulation may occur at anytime") periods. The experiment consisted of 2 blocks, each containing 4 safe and 4 threat periods in which the ASR or NFR was randomly probed 9-21 seconds following period onset. Unpredictable abdominal threat potentiated both ASR and NFR responses compared to periods signaling safety. @entity3 to acoustic @entity4 probes and noxious sural nerve stimulation were also significantly elevated during the threat vs safe periods. No sex differences in ASR or @entity4 -evoked @entity3 emerged. However, nociceptive responding was moderated by sex; females showed significant increases in NFR magnitudes across both safe and threat periods compared to males. Females also showed greater threat-potentiated @entity3 to sural nerve stimulation than males. Our findings indicate that both affect- and @entity2 and arousal systems are strongly influenced by threat of an aversive, unpredictable event, a situation associated with anticipatory @entity1 . Females, compared to males, showed greater nociceptive responding and @entity2 modulation when exposed to an unpredictable threatening context, whereas affect-driven ASR responses showed no such sex differentiation.

title: Modulation of nociceptive and acoustic @entity4 responses to an unpredictable threat in XXXX and @entity0 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The present study examined whether a moderately aversive abdominal threat would lead to greater enhancement in affect- and @entity2 -related defensive responding as indexed by the acoustic @entity4 reflex (ASR) and nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) in @entity0 compared to @entity0 . We also predicted sex differences in threat-related autonomic arousal measured by @entity3 ( @entity3 ) to acoustic @entity4 and noxious sural nerve stimulation. Unpredictable threat was manipulated by alternating 30-second safe ("no abdominal stimulation will be given") and threat ("abdominal stimulation may occur at anytime") periods. The experiment consisted of 2 blocks, each containing 4 safe and 4 threat periods in which the ASR or NFR was randomly probed 9-21 seconds following period onset. Unpredictable abdominal threat potentiated both ASR and NFR responses compared to periods signaling safety. @entity3 to acoustic @entity4 probes and noxious sural nerve stimulation were also significantly elevated during the threat vs safe periods. No sex differences in ASR or @entity4 -evoked @entity3 emerged. However, nociceptive responding was moderated by sex; females showed significant increases in NFR magnitudes across both safe and threat periods compared to males. Females also showed greater threat-potentiated @entity3 to sural nerve stimulation than males. Our findings indicate that both affect- and @entity2 and arousal systems are strongly influenced by threat of an aversive, unpredictable event, a situation associated with anticipatory @entity1 . Females, compared to males, showed greater nociceptive responding and @entity2 modulation when exposed to an unpredictable threatening context, whereas affect-driven ASR responses showed no such sex differentiation.

title: Modulation of nociceptive and acoustic @entity4 responses to an unpredictable threat in @entity0 and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine if principal component analysis (PCA) and standard parameters of rectal and bladder wall dose-volume histograms (DVHs) of @entity2 @entity0 treated with hypofractionated image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (hypo-IMRT) can predict @entity3 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: One hundred twenty-one @entity0 underwent hypo-IMRT at 3 Gy/fraction, 5 days/week to either 60 Gy or 66 Gy, with daily online image guidance. @entity3 were recorded weekly during treatment and at each follow-up. All Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria @entity1 scores were dichotomized as <2 and >= 2. Standard dosimetric parameters and the first five to six principal components (PCs) of bladder and rectal wall DVHs were tested for association with the dichotomized @entity1 outcomes, using logistic regression. RESULTS: Median follow-up of all @entity0 was 47 months (60 Gy cohort = 52 months; 66 Gy cohort = 31 months). The incidence rates of >= 2 acute GI and GU @entity1 were 14% and 29%, respectively, with no Grade >= 3 acute GU @entity1 . Late GI and GU @entity1 scores >= 2 were 16% and 15%, respectively. There was a significant difference in late @entity3 >= 2 when comparing the 66 Gy to the 60 Gy cohort (38% vs. 8%, respectively, p = 0.0003). The first PC of the rectal DVH was associated with late @entity3 (odds ratio [OR], 6.91; p < 0.001), though it was not significantly stronger than standard DVH parameters such as Dmax (OR, 6.9; p < 0.001) or percentage of the organ receiving a 50% dose (V50) (OR, 5.95; p = 0 .001). CONCLUSIONS: Hypofractionated treatment with 60 Gy in 3 Gy fractions is well tolerated. There is a steep dose response curve between 60 Gy and 66 Gy for RTOG Grade >= 2 GI effects with the dose constraints employed. Although PCA can predict late @entity3 for @entity0 treated with hypo-IMRT for @entity2 , it provides no additional information over using more standard DVH parameters.

title: Role of principal component analysis in predicting XXXX in @entity2 @entity0 treated with hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine if principal component analysis (PCA) and standard parameters of rectal and bladder wall dose-volume histograms (DVHs) of @entity2 @entity0 treated with hypofractionated image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (hypo-IMRT) can predict @entity3 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: One hundred twenty-one @entity0 underwent hypo-IMRT at 3 Gy/fraction, 5 days/week to either 60 Gy or 66 Gy, with daily online image guidance. @entity3 were recorded weekly during treatment and at each follow-up. All Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria @entity1 scores were dichotomized as <2 and >= 2. Standard dosimetric parameters and the first five to six principal components (PCs) of bladder and rectal wall DVHs were tested for association with the dichotomized @entity1 outcomes, using logistic regression. RESULTS: Median follow-up of all @entity0 was 47 months (60 Gy cohort = 52 months; 66 Gy cohort = 31 months). The incidence rates of >= 2 acute GI and GU @entity1 were 14% and 29%, respectively, with no Grade >= 3 acute GU @entity1 . Late GI and GU @entity1 scores >= 2 were 16% and 15%, respectively. There was a significant difference in late @entity3 >= 2 when comparing the 66 Gy to the 60 Gy cohort (38% vs. 8%, respectively, p = 0.0003). The first PC of the rectal DVH was associated with late @entity3 (odds ratio [OR], 6.91; p < 0.001), though it was not significantly stronger than standard DVH parameters such as Dmax (OR, 6.9; p < 0.001) or percentage of the organ receiving a 50% dose (V50) (OR, 5.95; p = 0 .001). CONCLUSIONS: Hypofractionated treatment with 60 Gy in 3 Gy fractions is well tolerated. There is a steep dose response curve between 60 Gy and 66 Gy for RTOG Grade >= 2 GI effects with the dose constraints employed. Although PCA can predict late @entity3 for @entity0 treated with hypo-IMRT for @entity2 , it provides no additional information over using more standard DVH parameters.

title: Role of principal component analysis in predicting @entity1 in XXXX @entity0 treated with hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine if principal component analysis (PCA) and standard parameters of rectal and bladder wall dose-volume histograms (DVHs) of @entity2 @entity0 treated with hypofractionated image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (hypo-IMRT) can predict @entity3 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: One hundred twenty-one @entity0 underwent hypo-IMRT at 3 Gy/fraction, 5 days/week to either 60 Gy or 66 Gy, with daily online image guidance. @entity3 were recorded weekly during treatment and at each follow-up. All Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria @entity1 scores were dichotomized as <2 and >= 2. Standard dosimetric parameters and the first five to six principal components (PCs) of bladder and rectal wall DVHs were tested for association with the dichotomized @entity1 outcomes, using logistic regression. RESULTS: Median follow-up of all @entity0 was 47 months (60 Gy cohort = 52 months; 66 Gy cohort = 31 months). The incidence rates of >= 2 acute GI and GU @entity1 were 14% and 29%, respectively, with no Grade >= 3 acute GU @entity1 . Late GI and GU @entity1 scores >= 2 were 16% and 15%, respectively. There was a significant difference in late @entity3 >= 2 when comparing the 66 Gy to the 60 Gy cohort (38% vs. 8%, respectively, p = 0.0003). The first PC of the rectal DVH was associated with late @entity3 (odds ratio [OR], 6.91; p < 0.001), though it was not significantly stronger than standard DVH parameters such as Dmax (OR, 6.9; p < 0.001) or percentage of the organ receiving a 50% dose (V50) (OR, 5.95; p = 0 .001). CONCLUSIONS: Hypofractionated treatment with 60 Gy in 3 Gy fractions is well tolerated. There is a steep dose response curve between 60 Gy and 66 Gy for RTOG Grade >= 2 GI effects with the dose constraints employed. Although PCA can predict late @entity3 for @entity0 treated with hypo-IMRT for @entity2 , it provides no additional information over using more standard DVH parameters.

title: Role of principal component analysis in predicting @entity1 in @entity2 XXXX treated with hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The ear of the @entity0 is useful for studying the effects of ultraviolet light on epidermal pigment cells. The quantity of light penetrating into the skin causing an inflammatory response can be assessed easily by measuring with an engineering calipers the swelling of the ear. The inflammatory response of the ear exhibits a linear relationship to the dose of light delivered. We observed that doses of shortwave ultraviolet light which are noninflammatory when repeated at daily intervals induce moderate to severe @entity1 . Small doses of psoralen and prolonged exposure to UVA (PUVA) were more inflammatory than larger amounts of psoralen and short exposure to light. Doses of shortwave ultraviolet light and PUVA which produce only a minimal @entity1 of the skin stimulate the proliferation of epidermal melanocytes. In contrast, PUVA in doses sufficiently large to cause a marked inflammatory reaction in the skin seems injurious to pigment cells and kills them or causes only a minimal proliferative response. The inflammatory reaction itself does not seem to stimulate or inhibit the proliferation of melanocytes. @entity5 , E, and F2 alpha have no effect on the proliferation of epidermal pigment cells. In contrast, @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity3 increase the numerical density of pigment cells. @entity2 may block the function of the enzyme tyrosinase. Our experiments indicate that pigment cells, like many other varieties of cells, are susceptible to injury and can be killed at least by large doses of PUVA.

title: The proliferative and toxic effects of ultraviolet light and XXXX on epidermal pigment cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A age-related morphological changes in @entity3 and knock knees were studied on roentgenograms taken in a standing , notably on alignment of the lower extremities. In the present study comparisons of chronological changes of this alignment, which was assessed by the femoro-tibial angle, were made between 3 groups of @entity0 under 16 years of age: 350 controls (656 legs), 148 with genu varum (296 legs) and 176 with genu valgum (252 legs). Bone growth at the lower end of the femur and at the upper end of the tibia was found to influence most closely on the changes in the femoro-tibial angle. The femoro-tibial angle of the controls under 3 years of age showed more than 180 degrees, the lower extremities were bowed outwardly, and the axes of the femoral shafts were medially tilted. From the age of 3 to 5 years the lower extremities reversely tended to be knocked inwardly owing to gradual growth of the lateral condyles of the femur and the tibia. Then, with advancing age, the @entity2 of the femoral shaft again tended to tilt outwardly and at the same time the @entity2 tended to be tilted inwardly. Since these changes in the direction of bone axes are counter-balanced, the femoro-tibial angle tended to be 177.37 degrees, approximating to the value of the japanese adults (176 degrees - 178 degrees). Then, the femoro-tibial angle can be estimated by measuring an angle between the proximal epiphyseal line and the @entity2 of the tibial shaft. In @entity0 with knock knees there occurred no marked chronological changes in bone alignment and the lower extremities were always knocked inwardly as compared with the controls. In @entity0 with @entity3 , on the other hand, the @entity1 tended to be normalized notably with the age advancing as a result of growth of the medial condyle of the femur. The mechanical @entity2 of the lower extremity passed through somewhat lateral side to the center of the knee in the most of the controls aged from 2 to 5 years and through a little medial side in those of the other age group. In @entity0 with knock knees and in those with @entity3 , on the other hand, the @entity2 was always found to pass through the laternal and the medial side, respectively, to the center of the knee. The rate of deviation of the @entity2 was noted in correlation with the femoro-tibial angle with coefficient index of 0.855 in the controls, 0.875 in a group of knock knees and 0.951 in a group of @entity3 .

title: [A roentgenographical study on chronological changes in genu varum and valgum in XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The gas chromatographic assay method for @entity3 , a @entity1 prodrug, and its hydrolysates was developed. The behavior of the drug in gastrointestinal tract was investigated in @entity0 by using the method. The disappearance and hydrolysis of the drug were not observed in the gastric loop until 30 min. The rate of disappearance from the intestinal loop was 36.7% at 30 min which was significantly smaller than that of @entity1 . Little hydrolysis of the drug was observed in the buffer solution, pH 7.4, at 37 degrees up to 2 hr. However, the consecutive hydrolysis was observed when the drug was incubated with everted intestine or plasma. As to the rate of hydrolysis of the drug and its esterform hydrolysates by scraped intestinal mucosa, the @entity2 to which the larger number of @entity1 was bound was hydrolyzed more rapidly. These results indicate that the orally administered drug is enzymatically hydrolyzed in the intestinal mucosa by a consecutive reaction. Although the hydrolysis rate of @entity3 is rapid, the rate of its @entity2 -form hydrolysate becomes slower gradually as the @entity1 is released. The released @entity1 is rapidly absorbed. The behavior of the drug revealed in this study suggests that @entity3 is useful as a prodrug of @entity1 .

title: The behavior of XXXX in @entity0 gastrointestinal tract as a prodrug.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The gas chromatographic assay method for @entity3 , a @entity1 prodrug, and its hydrolysates was developed. The behavior of the drug in gastrointestinal tract was investigated in @entity0 by using the method. The disappearance and hydrolysis of the drug were not observed in the gastric loop until 30 min. The rate of disappearance from the intestinal loop was 36.7% at 30 min which was significantly smaller than that of @entity1 . Little hydrolysis of the drug was observed in the buffer solution, pH 7.4, at 37 degrees up to 2 hr. However, the consecutive hydrolysis was observed when the drug was incubated with everted intestine or plasma. As to the rate of hydrolysis of the drug and its esterform hydrolysates by scraped intestinal mucosa, the @entity2 to which the larger number of @entity1 was bound was hydrolyzed more rapidly. These results indicate that the orally administered drug is enzymatically hydrolyzed in the intestinal mucosa by a consecutive reaction. Although the hydrolysis rate of @entity3 is rapid, the rate of its @entity2 -form hydrolysate becomes slower gradually as the @entity1 is released. The released @entity1 is rapidly absorbed. The behavior of the drug revealed in this study suggests that @entity3 is useful as a prodrug of @entity1 .

title: The behavior of @entity3 in XXXX gastrointestinal tract as a prodrug.

answer: @entity0


abstract: REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Endotoxaemia is frequently presumed on the basis of clinical signs in @entity1 with colic. OBJECTIVE: Measurements of plasma endotoxin ( @entity0 ) are rarely made in clinical cases and there is little information on the correlations between this variable, clinical variables and outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To measure @entity0 levels in plasma of @entity1 presented to the Philip Leverhulme @entity1 Hospital on admission and daily for up to 4 days and to relate @entity0 levels to selected clinical parameters, such as heart rate and packed cell volume, and outcomes. METHODS: Blood samples were collected and stored at -20  C prior to assay of the plasma using a validated kinetic chromogenic Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. Clinical parameters and outcome variables were collected from hospital records. Associations were determined by Chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Daily blood samples were collected from 234 @entity1 . @entity0 was detected in 26.5% of the study population and in 29% of those @entity1 presented for colic. @entity1 providing samples with detectable @entity0 were more likely to die whilst in the hospital than those that did not (P = 0.045). @entity1 presenting with colic were more likely to have detectable @entity0 in their plasma than noncolic cases (P = 0.037), although @entity0 was detected in the plasma of 8 out of 42 noncolic @entity1 . A @entity1 that did not meet the study definition of clinical endotoxaemia was 10 times less likely to provide a positive @entity0 sample (OR 0.10, 95% CI: 0.05-0.22). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of @entity1 providing samples with detectable @entity0 was similar to other studies. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: @entity0 was detected in the minority of @entity1 presented with colic. Increased levels of @entity0 positively correlated with packed cell volume and with risk of mortality in colic cases.

title: Plasma endotoxin in XXXX presented to an @entity1 referral hospital: correlation to selected clinical parameters and outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Endotoxaemia is frequently presumed on the basis of clinical signs in @entity1 with colic. OBJECTIVE: Measurements of plasma endotoxin ( @entity0 ) are rarely made in clinical cases and there is little information on the correlations between this variable, clinical variables and outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To measure @entity0 levels in plasma of @entity1 presented to the Philip Leverhulme @entity1 Hospital on admission and daily for up to 4 days and to relate @entity0 levels to selected clinical parameters, such as heart rate and packed cell volume, and outcomes. METHODS: Blood samples were collected and stored at -20  C prior to assay of the plasma using a validated kinetic chromogenic Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. Clinical parameters and outcome variables were collected from hospital records. Associations were determined by Chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Daily blood samples were collected from 234 @entity1 . @entity0 was detected in 26.5% of the study population and in 29% of those @entity1 presented for colic. @entity1 providing samples with detectable @entity0 were more likely to die whilst in the hospital than those that did not (P = 0.045). @entity1 presenting with colic were more likely to have detectable @entity0 in their plasma than noncolic cases (P = 0.037), although @entity0 was detected in the plasma of 8 out of 42 noncolic @entity1 . A @entity1 that did not meet the study definition of clinical endotoxaemia was 10 times less likely to provide a positive @entity0 sample (OR 0.10, 95% CI: 0.05-0.22). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of @entity1 providing samples with detectable @entity0 was similar to other studies. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: @entity0 was detected in the minority of @entity1 presented with colic. Increased levels of @entity0 positively correlated with packed cell volume and with risk of mortality in colic cases.

title: Plasma endotoxin in @entity1 presented to an XXXX referral hospital: correlation to selected clinical parameters and outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Evaluation of @entity2 body fat content is important for nutritional and clinical purposes. However, our understanding of total body fat and its regional distribution in the body is sparse. Currently, body fat evaluation relies on the subjective assessment of @entity0 score (BCS), which has never been validated against 'gold standard' chemical analysis or dissection measurements in ponies. OBJECTIVES: To define the relationships between subjective (BCS), objective (morphometric) indices of body fat and 'gold standard' measurements of actual body composition. HYPOTHESES: BCS and morphometry offer valid, noninvasive methods for determination of body fat in equids. METHODS: Seven mature (mean    s.e. 13    3 years, 212    14   kg, BCS 1.25-7/9), Welsh Mountain pony mares, destined for euthanasia (for nonresearch purposes), were used. For all ponies, body mass (BM), BCS and various morphometric measurements were recorded. Following euthanasia, all ponies were systematically dissected. Discrete @entity1 ( @entity1 ) depots were independently described. Gross, body chemical composition was determined by proximate analyses. RESULTS: Total somatic soft tissues increased linearly (r(2) = 1.00), whereas body @entity1 content (1-26% live BM) increased exponentially (r(2) = 0.96), with BCS. @entity1 was equally distributed between internal and external sites in all animals irrespective of BCS. Nuchal fat was a poor predictor of total @entity1 (r(2) = 0.66). Periorbital @entity1 did not alter with BCS (r(2) = 0.01). Heart girth:withers height and ultrasonic retroperitoneal fat depth were closely associated with total, chemically-extracted lipid which comprised 1-29% live BM (r(2) = 0.91 and 0.88, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The exponential relationship between BCS and total body @entity1 /lipid suggests that BCS is unlikely to be a sensitive index of body fat for animals in moderate-obese states. Morphometric measurements (body girths and retroperitonel fat depth) may be useful to augment subjective BCS systems.

title: Assessment of body fat in the pony: part I. Relationships between the anatomical distribution of adipose tissue, body composition and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Serum @entity4 was measured by radioimmunoassay in 143 @entity0 with various @entity1 including 55 @entity0 with @entity3 , 56 carriers of the @entity3 gene, 8 carriers of the @entity3 gene, 60 first-degree relatives of @entity0 with sporadic (non-genetically transmitted) @entity1 and 85 normal controls. A significant difference (P less than 0.001) was found between the serum @entity4 levels in normal control @entity0 (x = 31.7 range 10-70 microgram/l) and those in @entity0 (x = 17.2 range 4-27 microgram/l) but no difference was found between the controls and relatives of @entity0 with @entity1 . Up to the age of 60 years, no correlation was found between age and serum @entity4 levels in controls. However, levels in @entity0 with @entity3 were found to increase slightly up to the age of 10 years and to decrease thereafter. No correlation was found between serum @entity4 and @entity2 kinase activity in these @entity0 but in Duchenne carriers correlation was close (P less than 0.001). Eighteen of 23 definite and 13 of 33 possible carriers of @entity3 had @entity4 concentrations above the equivalent normal range. Of those carriers with elevated @entity4 levels, 7 definite and 4 possible carriers had normal serum @entity2 kinase activity. This was equivalent to an improvement in "detection" of 31% and 12% in these groups of carriers. Of the 8 @entity3 carriers, 6 had elevated @entity4 but all had normal @entity2 kinase levels. It appears that measurement of serum @entity4 as well as @entity2 kinase activity may be of great benefit to carrier detection programmers, but the need to establish accurately the extent of normal variation in @entity0 is emphasized.

title: Serum XXXX in muscular dystrophy and carrier detection.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 , also known as @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 leading to @entity1 . To identify new genes responsible for these diseases, we have studied one large non consanguineous French family with @entity3 . METHODS: Family members underwent detailed ophthalmological examination. Linkage analysis using microsatellite markers and a whole-genome SNP analysis with the use of Affymetrix 250 K SNP chips were performed. Five candidate genes within the candidate region were screened for mutations by direct sequencing. RESULTS: We first excluded the involvement of known @entity6 and adCRD genes in the family by genotyping and linkage analysis. Then, we undertook a whole-genome scan on 22 individuals in the family. The analysis revealed a 41.3-Mb locus on position 2q24.2-2q33.1. This locus was confirmed by linkage analysis with specific markers of this region. The maximum LOD score was 2.86 at    = 0 for this locus. Five candidate genes, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity7 , and @entity5 within this locus, were not mutated. CONCLUSION: A novel locus for adCRD, named @entity2 , has been mapped to chromosome 2q24.2-2q33.1 in a non consanguineous French family.

title: A novel locus ( XXXX ) for @entity3 on chromosome 2q24.2-2q33.1.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 , also known as @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 leading to @entity1 . To identify new genes responsible for these diseases, we have studied one large non consanguineous French family with @entity3 . METHODS: Family members underwent detailed ophthalmological examination. Linkage analysis using microsatellite markers and a whole-genome SNP analysis with the use of Affymetrix 250 K SNP chips were performed. Five candidate genes within the candidate region were screened for mutations by direct sequencing. RESULTS: We first excluded the involvement of known @entity6 and adCRD genes in the family by genotyping and linkage analysis. Then, we undertook a whole-genome scan on 22 individuals in the family. The analysis revealed a 41.3-Mb locus on position 2q24.2-2q33.1. This locus was confirmed by linkage analysis with specific markers of this region. The maximum LOD score was 2.86 at    = 0 for this locus. Five candidate genes, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity7 , and @entity5 within this locus, were not mutated. CONCLUSION: A novel locus for adCRD, named @entity2 , has been mapped to chromosome 2q24.2-2q33.1 in a non consanguineous French family.

title: A novel locus ( @entity2 ) for XXXX on chromosome 2q24.2-2q33.1.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mortality outcomes of @entity4 in a large cohort compared with @entity7 . METHODS: @entity0 with primary invasive @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 diagnosed between 1988 and 2010 were identified within the National @entity2 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Parametric and nonparametric methods were used to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of @entity0 among the three @entity2 types as well as between @entity4 histologic subtypes. Overall and @entity2 -specific mortality outcomes were examined using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: The final cohort consisted of 3,121 @entity0 with @entity6 , 720 @entity0 with @entity5 , and 221 @entity0 with @entity4 . Compared with @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity5 , @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 tended to be younger, have @entity2 with less regional extension and lymph node positivity, and be treated primarily with surgery without radiation. In unadjusted analysis, 5-year mortality rates border 30% for all three histologies. After adjusting for other prognostic factors including use of radiation and surgery, @entity0 with @entity4 had a 69% greater risk of @entity2 -related mortality compared with @entity0 with @entity6 (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.26-2.26). Although @entity4 histology failed to associate with mortality risk, age, @entity2 extension and @entity1 , and surgery were poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Primary @entity4 are @entity3 with different presenting characteristics and increased adjusted risk of mortality compared with squamous cell and @entity5 subtypes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

title: Comparing mortality of @entity4 , XXXX , and @entity5 in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mortality outcomes of @entity4 in a large cohort compared with @entity7 . METHODS: @entity0 with primary invasive @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 diagnosed between 1988 and 2010 were identified within the National @entity2 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Parametric and nonparametric methods were used to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of @entity0 among the three @entity2 types as well as between @entity4 histologic subtypes. Overall and @entity2 -specific mortality outcomes were examined using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: The final cohort consisted of 3,121 @entity0 with @entity6 , 720 @entity0 with @entity5 , and 221 @entity0 with @entity4 . Compared with @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity5 , @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 tended to be younger, have @entity2 with less regional extension and lymph node positivity, and be treated primarily with surgery without radiation. In unadjusted analysis, 5-year mortality rates border 30% for all three histologies. After adjusting for other prognostic factors including use of radiation and surgery, @entity0 with @entity4 had a 69% greater risk of @entity2 -related mortality compared with @entity0 with @entity6 (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.26-2.26). Although @entity4 histology failed to associate with mortality risk, age, @entity2 extension and @entity1 , and surgery were poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Primary @entity4 are @entity3 with different presenting characteristics and increased adjusted risk of mortality compared with squamous cell and @entity5 subtypes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

title: Comparing mortality of @entity4 , @entity6 , and XXXX in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mortality outcomes of @entity4 in a large cohort compared with @entity7 . METHODS: @entity0 with primary invasive @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 diagnosed between 1988 and 2010 were identified within the National @entity2 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Parametric and nonparametric methods were used to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of @entity0 among the three @entity2 types as well as between @entity4 histologic subtypes. Overall and @entity2 -specific mortality outcomes were examined using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: The final cohort consisted of 3,121 @entity0 with @entity6 , 720 @entity0 with @entity5 , and 221 @entity0 with @entity4 . Compared with @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity5 , @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 tended to be younger, have @entity2 with less regional extension and lymph node positivity, and be treated primarily with surgery without radiation. In unadjusted analysis, 5-year mortality rates border 30% for all three histologies. After adjusting for other prognostic factors including use of radiation and surgery, @entity0 with @entity4 had a 69% greater risk of @entity2 -related mortality compared with @entity0 with @entity6 (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.26-2.26). Although @entity4 histology failed to associate with mortality risk, age, @entity2 extension and @entity1 , and surgery were poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Primary @entity4 are @entity3 with different presenting characteristics and increased adjusted risk of mortality compared with squamous cell and @entity5 subtypes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

title: Comparing mortality of XXXX , @entity6 , and @entity5 in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report our intermediate experience in treating @entity0 with severe @entity2 using an adjustable perineal male sling with a tissue expander. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An adjustable male sling procedure was performed on 21 @entity0 with severe @entity2 . The underlying etiology of @entity2 was radical prostatectomy in 13 @entity0 , open prostatectomy in 5 @entity0 and transurethral prostate resection in 3 @entity0 . The difference between the classical and the adjustable sling is that in the latter there is a 25 mL tissue expander between the two layers of @entity3 mesh with an injection port. Adjustment of the sling was performed with saline via an inflation port, in case of recurrence or persistence of @entity2 . RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity0 was 66.2  7.3 (50-79) years and mean pad usage was 6.4  0.6 per day. The mean follow-up time was 40.1  23.2 (6-74) months. The balloon was postoperatively inflated on average with 11.6  5.7 (5-25) mL. After the mean 40.1 months of follow-up, 16 of the 21 @entity0 (76.2%) were dry (11 @entity0 , 0 pads; 5 @entity0 using safety pads), 3 @entity0 (14%) had mild and 2 (9.8%) had moderate degree @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The average maximum urine flow rate of the @entity0 was 15.6  4.7 (10-31) mL/s. No residual urine was found. In 2 @entity0 , all parts of the device were removed due to @entity1 and discomfort, and in 3 @entity0 only the inflation component was removed due to @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that using an adjustable perineal male sling with a tissue expander seems to be an efficient, and safe surgical treatment option in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Adjustable perineal male sling using tissue expander as an effective treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of the article is to report our long-term results of minilaparoscopic @entity1 repair in @entity0 . METHODS: Between September 2003 and September 2008, 161 @entity0 with @entity1 were treated with minilaparoscopic herniorrhaphy. The asymptomatic contralateral internal ring was routinely explored and repaired if a patent processus vaginalis of not less than 2 cm was noted. @entity0 who were followed for less than 1 year and those who were lost to follow-up were excluded from the study. @entity2 and @entity3 recurrences were documented. RESULTS: In total, 146 @entity0 were eligible for final analysis. A total of 196 minilaparoscopic herniorrhaphies were performed. The mean follow-up period was 3 years. There were 4 @entity3 recurrences (2%) in 3 @entity0 . There were no procedure-related complications. None of the @entity0 with a negative contralateral exploration or a contralateral patent processus vaginalis of less than 2 cm had a contralateral metachronous @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our long-term results reveal that minilaparoscopic herniorrhaphy combined with @entity3 sac transection is a safe and effective alternative treatment to standard open herniotomy.

title: Minilaparoscopic herniorrhaphy in XXXX : a durable alternative treatment tostandard herniotomy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impaired @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status is a hallmark in @entity2 individuals, especially in @entity0 around the world. Some field tests have been proposed to evaluate functional capacity in this population. The Six-Minute Step Test (6MST) could be a feasible alternative to @entity6 ( @entity6 ) if the resources and space are limited. However, an optimal performance cutoff using the 6MST as well as predictive equations of metabolic and cardiovascular responses to @entity6 from 6MST data have to not been established. AIM: To assess the 6MST accuracy to determinate @entity4 and its ability to predict peak @entity1 consumption (VO2) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) achieved during @entity6 in @entity2 @entity0 . DESIGN: Observational and cross-sectional study. SETTING: The study was performed at a Physiotherapy Department of a public University and enrolled individuals from the community. POPULATION: Fifty-six @entity2 @entity0 (35  7 years old). METHODS: Subjects underwent a clinical evaluation, @entity6 , and the 6MST. We applied Bland-Altman plots to assess concurrent validity between exercise tests regarding peak VO2 and @entity3 . Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis assessed the predictive accuracy of the 6MST; specifically the ability to predict peak VO2 and @entity3 achieved during @entity6 . Significance level was P<0.05. RESULTS: There was a satisfactory concurrent validity between the @entity6 and 6MST, with a mean difference of 5.1  3.6 mL  kg-1  @entity5 and 23  13 bpm in relation to peak VO2 and @entity3 , respectively. The 6MST demonstrated moderate accuracy in predicting @entity6 responses (area under the curve: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.83). The number of step cycles and peak @entity3 during the 6MST explained 31% and 39% of the total variance in peak VO2 and @entity3 obtained during @entity6 , respectively. CONCLUSION: The 6MST is accurate to discriminate @entity2 @entity0 with an adequate @entity4 from @entity0 with a poor status and it can predict metabolic and cardiovascular maximal exercise values. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: Our findings indicate the 6MST is a simple and inexpensive functional evaluation tool and may be a valid means of assessing @entity4 in @entity2 @entity0 , particularly in clinical settings where space and resources are limited.

title: The six-minute step test as a predictor of XXXX in @entity2 @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impaired @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status is a hallmark in @entity2 individuals, especially in @entity0 around the world. Some field tests have been proposed to evaluate functional capacity in this population. The Six-Minute Step Test (6MST) could be a feasible alternative to @entity6 ( @entity6 ) if the resources and space are limited. However, an optimal performance cutoff using the 6MST as well as predictive equations of metabolic and cardiovascular responses to @entity6 from 6MST data have to not been established. AIM: To assess the 6MST accuracy to determinate @entity4 and its ability to predict peak @entity1 consumption (VO2) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) achieved during @entity6 in @entity2 @entity0 . DESIGN: Observational and cross-sectional study. SETTING: The study was performed at a Physiotherapy Department of a public University and enrolled individuals from the community. POPULATION: Fifty-six @entity2 @entity0 (35  7 years old). METHODS: Subjects underwent a clinical evaluation, @entity6 , and the 6MST. We applied Bland-Altman plots to assess concurrent validity between exercise tests regarding peak VO2 and @entity3 . Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis assessed the predictive accuracy of the 6MST; specifically the ability to predict peak VO2 and @entity3 achieved during @entity6 . Significance level was P<0.05. RESULTS: There was a satisfactory concurrent validity between the @entity6 and 6MST, with a mean difference of 5.1  3.6 mL  kg-1  @entity5 and 23  13 bpm in relation to peak VO2 and @entity3 , respectively. The 6MST demonstrated moderate accuracy in predicting @entity6 responses (area under the curve: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.83). The number of step cycles and peak @entity3 during the 6MST explained 31% and 39% of the total variance in peak VO2 and @entity3 obtained during @entity6 , respectively. CONCLUSION: The 6MST is accurate to discriminate @entity2 @entity0 with an adequate @entity4 from @entity0 with a poor status and it can predict metabolic and cardiovascular maximal exercise values. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: Our findings indicate the 6MST is a simple and inexpensive functional evaluation tool and may be a valid means of assessing @entity4 in @entity2 @entity0 , particularly in clinical settings where space and resources are limited.

title: The six-minute step test as a predictor of @entity4 in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impaired @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status is a hallmark in @entity2 individuals, especially in @entity0 around the world. Some field tests have been proposed to evaluate functional capacity in this population. The Six-Minute Step Test (6MST) could be a feasible alternative to @entity6 ( @entity6 ) if the resources and space are limited. However, an optimal performance cutoff using the 6MST as well as predictive equations of metabolic and cardiovascular responses to @entity6 from 6MST data have to not been established. AIM: To assess the 6MST accuracy to determinate @entity4 and its ability to predict peak @entity1 consumption (VO2) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) achieved during @entity6 in @entity2 @entity0 . DESIGN: Observational and cross-sectional study. SETTING: The study was performed at a Physiotherapy Department of a public University and enrolled individuals from the community. POPULATION: Fifty-six @entity2 @entity0 (35  7 years old). METHODS: Subjects underwent a clinical evaluation, @entity6 , and the 6MST. We applied Bland-Altman plots to assess concurrent validity between exercise tests regarding peak VO2 and @entity3 . Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis assessed the predictive accuracy of the 6MST; specifically the ability to predict peak VO2 and @entity3 achieved during @entity6 . Significance level was P<0.05. RESULTS: There was a satisfactory concurrent validity between the @entity6 and 6MST, with a mean difference of 5.1  3.6 mL  kg-1  @entity5 and 23  13 bpm in relation to peak VO2 and @entity3 , respectively. The 6MST demonstrated moderate accuracy in predicting @entity6 responses (area under the curve: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.83). The number of step cycles and peak @entity3 during the 6MST explained 31% and 39% of the total variance in peak VO2 and @entity3 obtained during @entity6 , respectively. CONCLUSION: The 6MST is accurate to discriminate @entity2 @entity0 with an adequate @entity4 from @entity0 with a poor status and it can predict metabolic and cardiovascular maximal exercise values. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT: Our findings indicate the 6MST is a simple and inexpensive functional evaluation tool and may be a valid means of assessing @entity4 in @entity2 @entity0 , particularly in clinical settings where space and resources are limited.

title: The six-minute step test as a predictor of @entity4 in @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess fetal and maternal outcomes of pregnancies in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Clinical research center. @entity0 (S): 276 adults with cytogenetically proven @entity4 participating in an intramural natural history protocol. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Menstrual and obstetric histories, 50-cell karyotypes, and cardiovascular evaluation including aortic diameter measurements. RESULT(S): Our cohort included five @entity0 with spontaneous pregnancies and five with pregnancies using assisted reproduction (ART). All five @entity0 with spontaneous pregnancies had spontaneous puberty, despite 45,X in >= 90% of their 50-cell karyotype. @entity0 had a total of 13 pregnancies and 14 live births. One @entity0 had @entity2 ; the others were chromosomally and developmentally normal. Delivery was by cesarean section in four out of seven spontaneous and six out of six ART-related pregnancies. One mother experienced @entity3 in an ART-related twin pregnancy that required a preterm delivery; she has marked but stable aortic dilation years later. CONCLUSION(S): Approximately 2% of our study cohort experienced spontaneous pregnancies despite high-grade X monosomy, and a similar number achieved pregnancy via oocyte donation and ART. The potential for life-threatening @entity1 warrants comprehensive screening before conception or single-embryo transfer, and caution regarding unintentional pregnancies for @entity4 @entity0 .

title: Outcomes of spontaneous and assisted pregnancies in XXXX : the U.S. National Institutes of Health experience.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 has been associated with @entity2 , especially in @entity0 with concomitant urethral injuries. A critical review of the existing literature was performed focusing on the reported definitions of @entity3 , its reported incidence, the presence of related risk factors, the methods of assessing sexual function, the timing of this assessment and its management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed   search engine was used in July 2010 to retrieve articles using the terms " @entity2 " and "sexual function" in their title or abstract, published in the English language, from 1989 onward. The references of the selected publications were also evaluated for potential relevant studies according to set selection criteria. RESULTS: Based on 23 original articles the data of 1,462 @entity0 , with a mean age of 37.7 years (range 15 to 92), were analyzed. The overall mean reported incidence of @entity3 was 35.9% in @entity0 and 39.6% in @entity0 . Various methods were applied for the evaluation of @entity3 , and were questionnaire based in 22 of the 23 studies. Important factors associated with @entity3 were age, @entity2 pattern, presence of @entity1 and injury severity score. CONCLUSIONS: Male and female @entity0 were equally affected by @entity3 following pelvic @entity1 . Limited consensus exists in the definition of @entity3 , the methods and timing of assessment, as well as its management. The existing literature offers limited evidence regarding @entity3 in females, as for both genders in the absence of urogenital initial @entity1 .

title: Sexual function impairment after high energy XXXX : evidence today.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The possible benefit of oxygenation during initial cold flushing was investigated as means of improving the quality of live preservation in @entity0 . In five group of animals (total 61 experiments), the lives were flushed with different perfusates. Non-oxygenated groups included controls, Collins' solution alone and Collins' solution containing @entity3 ( @entity3 ). In the oxygenated groups, Collins' solution alone and collins' solution containing @entity3 were oxygenated by bubbling. The hepatic @entity1 level and histopathological changes were used to assess the quality of liver preservation. Oxygenation during the initial cooling process proved to be effective in maintaining energy metabolism and preventing the characteristic microscopic changes of @entity2 . Oxygenated Collins' solution containing @entity3 showed a much longer lasting effect compared with oxygenated Collins' solution alone. Without @entity3 . Under light microscopy, in integrity of the liver appeared to be well preserved up to eight hours with the former solution. It is concluded that enhanced oxygenation with @entity3 in the initial cold flushing period can improve the quality of liver preservation.

title: Maintenance of XXXX liver viability enhanced by cold flushing with oxygenated perfluorochemicals.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is an acute @entity1 and potentially fatal reaction, resulting from the rapid release of inflammatory mediators. Its exact prevalence is unknown. In @entity0 , foods are the most significant triggers for IgE-mediated @entity8 . OBJECTIVES: To characterise the cases of @entity8 evaluated in an @entity5 Division of a Central Paediatric Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A review of all cases of @entity8 evaluated from 2001 to 2009. Anaphylaxis was defined according to Sampson's 2006 criteria. RESULTS: Seventy-three @entity0 had anaphylactic reactions (47 male), of which 64% had history of atopy. Age at time of reaction ranged between 17 days and 15 years old (median: four years). Food was the most frequently identified cause (n=57), followed by drugs (n=8), hymenoptera venom (n=2), and cold (n=1). In five cases there was no identifiable cause. Among foods, @entity3 's milk was the culprit agent in 27 @entity0 . The most severe reaction was a @entity6 . The most frequent symptoms were respiratory and cutaneous in 51 cases. @entity4 was present in nine cases. There were no fatalities. Most acute reactions were treated with @entity2 and/or antihistamines. @entity7 was used in only about one quarter of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The most important causes of @entity8 in our study were foods, and the most common symptoms were respiratory and cutaneous. The prevalence of @entity8 was higher in males and, in two thirds of @entity0 there was a history of atopy. Despite being the primary and most important treatment for @entity8 , adrenaline is still used in only a minority of these cases.

title: Anaphylaxis in XXXX : a nine years retrospective study (2001-2009).

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study provides a comparison of health behaviors between @entity4 survivors with @entity3 and non- @entity1 subjects in Korea. METHODS: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for the period of 2005-2012 were used in this study. A propensity score matching method was used to compare health behaviors. Before the matching of propensity scores, the number of @entity0 was 11034 (102 @entity4 survivors and 10932 non- @entity1 @entity0 ). A 1:5 propensity score matching procedure yielded a total of 480 @entity0 (80 @entity1 @entity0 ) for the final analysis. Drinking, smoking, physical activity, antihypertensive medication adherence, self-reported diet control, and sodium intake accordance in the two groups were compared. A complex samples logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess any differences between the two groups. RESULTS: The group of hypertensive @entity4 survivors had lower alcohol consumption (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.14-0.66; p-value = 0.003). They were more likely to be on dietary control than the control group (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.60-6.10; p-value = 0.001). However, there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in sodium intake accordance or other health behaviors (including medication adherence, smoking, and physical activity) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed that @entity4 survivors with @entity3 were more likely to be on dietary control with lower alcohol consumption than the control group. However, there was no significant difference in sodium intake accordance or other health behaviors between the two groups. Therefore, primary care physicians should inform @entity1 survivors about the appropriate health behaviors to reduce their risk of @entity2 and improve their overall survival rate, even though they say they have been doing health behaviors.

title: Health Behaviors of Korean XXXX Survivors with @entity3 : A Propensity Analysis of KNHANES III-V (2005-2012).

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study provides a comparison of health behaviors between @entity4 survivors with @entity3 and non- @entity1 subjects in Korea. METHODS: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for the period of 2005-2012 were used in this study. A propensity score matching method was used to compare health behaviors. Before the matching of propensity scores, the number of @entity0 was 11034 (102 @entity4 survivors and 10932 non- @entity1 @entity0 ). A 1:5 propensity score matching procedure yielded a total of 480 @entity0 (80 @entity1 @entity0 ) for the final analysis. Drinking, smoking, physical activity, antihypertensive medication adherence, self-reported diet control, and sodium intake accordance in the two groups were compared. A complex samples logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess any differences between the two groups. RESULTS: The group of hypertensive @entity4 survivors had lower alcohol consumption (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.14-0.66; p-value = 0.003). They were more likely to be on dietary control than the control group (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.60-6.10; p-value = 0.001). However, there was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in sodium intake accordance or other health behaviors (including medication adherence, smoking, and physical activity) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed that @entity4 survivors with @entity3 were more likely to be on dietary control with lower alcohol consumption than the control group. However, there was no significant difference in sodium intake accordance or other health behaviors between the two groups. Therefore, primary care physicians should inform @entity1 survivors about the appropriate health behaviors to reduce their risk of @entity2 and improve their overall survival rate, even though they say they have been doing health behaviors.

title: Health Behaviors of Korean @entity4 Survivors with XXXX : A Propensity Analysis of KNHANES III-V (2005-2012).

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact and type of side-effects in @entity0 treated with cetuximab and provide a description of the general measures and treatment. METHODS: Retrospective safety study. We included all @entity0 that received cetuximab from January to December 2009. All information was obtained from the Pharmacy and Oncology Department's Access databases and reviewed the @entity0 's medical history. All data was registered in an Excel workbook. @entity2 was graded by the current National @entity1 Institute-Common @entity2 Criteria (NCI-CTC). RESULTS: During the study period 43 @entity0 received treatment with cetuximab. @entity6 was present in 30 of the cases (69.8%): 14 @entity0 with grade 1 (48.3%), 13 with grade 2 (44.8%) and 3 with grade 3 (10.3%). These adverse effects appeared in a median of seven (4-28) days. In a median of 40 (20-56) days, ten @entity0 (23.3%) presented xerosis, and three (7%) suffered @entity3 in hands and feet after a median of 28 (21-35) days. @entity5 was present in two @entity0 after a median of 42 (35-49) days. Finally, an alteration in hair growth was observed in two @entity0 with overgrowth of facial hair and one @entity0 with overgrowth of the eyelashes. Five @entity0 presented important @entity4 . Three infusion reactions occurred. A grade-based treatment algorithm was used for all @entity0 that presented cutaneous @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: A considerable number of @entity0 treated with cetuximab develop dermatological side-effects which left untreated could represent a threat to the efficacy of the therapy. Therefore effective management is mandatory, @entity0 education and immediate treatment based on a grade-based algorithm to alleviate symptoms is necessary, so that @entity0 compliance is guaranteed.

title: [Cutaneous XXXX associated with cetuximab treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Many @entity0 with @entity4 have been cured with BMT since the first successful transplant in 1981. Allogeneic stem cell gene therapy is the only treatment option for @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). A total of 11 @entity0 with a median age of 12 years (range, 2-16), affected by @entity6 , received @entity3 from HLA-identical, related donors following a myeloablative-conditioning regimen. Indications for transplantation were @entity2 , @entity7 , @entity5 , chronic RBC transfusions, or @entity1 . All @entity0 had sustained engraftment. One @entity0 became a stable mixed chimera with 25% of donor cells at 4 years after transplantation. One @entity0 died at 1 year after transplantation. The probability of survival, @entity6 -free survival and TRM at 5 years after transplant were 90, 90 and 10%, respectively. All 10 surviving @entity0 remained free of any @entity6 -related events after transplantation. In conclusion, these data confirm @entity8 from a suitable HLA-matched, related donor should become the primary option for curing @entity0 with @entity6 . There is an excellent survival rate and a return to normal life, free of @entity6 -related events.

title: Allogeneic cellular gene therapy in hemoglobinopathies--evaluation of @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Many @entity0 with @entity4 have been cured with BMT since the first successful transplant in 1981. Allogeneic stem cell gene therapy is the only treatment option for @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). A total of 11 @entity0 with a median age of 12 years (range, 2-16), affected by @entity6 , received @entity3 from HLA-identical, related donors following a myeloablative-conditioning regimen. Indications for transplantation were @entity2 , @entity7 , @entity5 , chronic RBC transfusions, or @entity1 . All @entity0 had sustained engraftment. One @entity0 became a stable mixed chimera with 25% of donor cells at 4 years after transplantation. One @entity0 died at 1 year after transplantation. The probability of survival, @entity6 -free survival and TRM at 5 years after transplant were 90, 90 and 10%, respectively. All 10 surviving @entity0 remained free of any @entity6 -related events after transplantation. In conclusion, these data confirm @entity8 from a suitable HLA-matched, related donor should become the primary option for curing @entity0 with @entity6 . There is an excellent survival rate and a return to normal life, free of @entity6 -related events.

title: Allogeneic cellular gene therapy in hemoglobinopathies--evaluation of XXXX in @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) prospectively increases the risk of incident @entity1 ( @entity1 ) independent of other risk factors in otherwise healthy individuals. Between 10% and 20% of @entity0 develop @entity5 related to the traumatic experience of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We investigated the hypothesis that @entity5 symptoms caused by @entity3 predict adverse cardiovascular outcome. METHODS: We studied 297 @entity0 (61    10 years, 83% @entity0 ) who self-rated @entity5 symptoms attributable to a previous index @entity3 . Non-fatal @entity1 -related hospital readmissions (i.e. recurrent @entity3 , elective and non-elective intracoronary stenting, bypass surgery, pacemaker implantation, @entity4 , cerebrovascular event) were assessed at follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models controlled for demographic factors, @entity2 severity, major @entity1 risk factors, cardiac medication, and mental health treatment. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity0 (14.5%) experienced an adverse event during a mean follow-up of 2.8 years (range 1.3-3.8). A 10 point higher level in the @entity5 symptom score (mean 8.8    9.0, range 0-47) revealed a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.42 (95% CI 1.07-1.88) for a @entity1 -related hospital readmission in the fully adjusted model. A similarly increased risk (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.07-1.97) emerged for @entity0 with a major or unscheduled @entity1 -related readmission (i.e. when excluding @entity0 with elective stenting). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of @entity5 symptoms caused by @entity3 may adversely impact non-fatal cardiovascular outcome in post- @entity3 @entity0 independent of other important prognostic factors. The possible importance of @entity5 symptoms as a novel prognostic psychosocial risk factor in post- @entity3 @entity0 warrants further study.

title: Non-fatal cardiovascular outcome in @entity0 with posttraumatic stress symptoms caused by XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) prospectively increases the risk of incident @entity1 ( @entity1 ) independent of other risk factors in otherwise healthy individuals. Between 10% and 20% of @entity0 develop @entity5 related to the traumatic experience of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We investigated the hypothesis that @entity5 symptoms caused by @entity3 predict adverse cardiovascular outcome. METHODS: We studied 297 @entity0 (61    10 years, 83% @entity0 ) who self-rated @entity5 symptoms attributable to a previous index @entity3 . Non-fatal @entity1 -related hospital readmissions (i.e. recurrent @entity3 , elective and non-elective intracoronary stenting, bypass surgery, pacemaker implantation, @entity4 , cerebrovascular event) were assessed at follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models controlled for demographic factors, @entity2 severity, major @entity1 risk factors, cardiac medication, and mental health treatment. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity0 (14.5%) experienced an adverse event during a mean follow-up of 2.8 years (range 1.3-3.8). A 10 point higher level in the @entity5 symptom score (mean 8.8    9.0, range 0-47) revealed a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.42 (95% CI 1.07-1.88) for a @entity1 -related hospital readmission in the fully adjusted model. A similarly increased risk (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.07-1.97) emerged for @entity0 with a major or unscheduled @entity1 -related readmission (i.e. when excluding @entity0 with elective stenting). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of @entity5 symptoms caused by @entity3 may adversely impact non-fatal cardiovascular outcome in post- @entity3 @entity0 independent of other important prognostic factors. The possible importance of @entity5 symptoms as a novel prognostic psychosocial risk factor in post- @entity3 @entity0 warrants further study.

title: Non-fatal cardiovascular outcome in XXXX with posttraumatic stress symptoms caused by @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment of @entity4 is associated with acceptable mortality and morbidity rates. To date, few reports on the prediction of postoperative morbidity using some preoperative measures have been presented. We present our results regarding the influence of some specific factors on postoperative morbidity on young adult @entity0 who were treated surgically for @entity4 . METHODS: Between January 2000 and July 2007, 122 @entity0 were operated upon. Female gender, increased number of resected segments, presence of haemoptysis and bilateral disease, compromised pulmonary function test (FEV1/VC<60%) and absence of preoperative fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) were examined as the potential risk factors for @entity1 such as persistent air leak (PAL), @entity3 , residual air space (RAS), @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and empyaema. RESULTS: There was no operative mortality. Morbidity was observed in a total of 16 @entity0 with an overall morbidity rate of 13.1%. Complete resection was achieved in 88 @entity0 (72.1%). The number of resected segments was not found to be significantly associated with increased morbidity. Presence of preoperative haemoptysis did not correlate with @entity1 significantly. Absence of preoperative FOB was not found to be associated with post-operative complications (p<0.05). Compromised PFT was significantly associated with RAS (p=0.028), however it was not associated with increased risk of PAL, @entity3 or empyaema significantly. CONCLUSION: Multi-segmental resectable @entity4 should not be considered an occult risk factor for morbidity after resection. Associated non-severe haemoptysis and absence of preoperative bronchoscopy are not associated with significant increased risk of postoperative morbidity.

title: The influence of specific factors on postoperative morbidity in young adults with XXXX .

answer: @entity4