abstract: OBJECTIVE: Debate about the need for universal screening of @entity1 in pregnancy is ongoing. The present study aimed to compare universal screening with targeted high-risk case findings for early diagnosis of @entity1 in Iranian pregnant @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional prospective study was carried out on 1600 pregnant @entity0 in their first trimester. A checklist, including all related risk factors recommended by The American Thyroid Association, was completed for all participants. Serum concentrations of @entity4 (T4), T-uptake, thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were measured and thyroid status was documented, based on hormonal measurements and clinical examinations. RESULTS: There were 656 @entity0 (44.3%) that had at least one risk factor for @entity1 and were eligible for the targeted high-risk case finding (high-risk group) approach, while 55.7% had no risk factors (low-risk group). Using the universal screening approach, there were 974 @entity0 (65.8%) with normal thyroid status and 506 @entity0 (34.2%) with @entity1 , including overt @entity3 (0.7%), @entity2 (1.1%), @entity2 (30.1% ; positive TPOAb (5.5%) and negative TPOAb (24.6%) and euthyroid and positive TPOAb (2.3%). Of @entity0 with @entity1 , 64.4% were in high-risk group and 35.6% were in low-risk group (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The targeted high-risk case finding approach overlooks about one-third of pregnant @entity0 with @entity1 . If ongoing prospective trials provide evidence on the efficacy of treating @entity2 in pregnancy, in populations with a low prevalence of presumed risk factors, the targeted high-risk case finding approach will be proven inefficient.

title: Comparison of universal screening with targeted high-risk case finding for diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 is the fifth most common cause of @entity3 among @entity0 in western countries. It is often diagnosed in an advanced stage (FIGO Stage III and IV) and requires effective chemotherapy as first-line treatment. The advent of @entity6 combined with @entity4 and @entity5 has remarkably increased the response rate in advanced disease. The authors report 31 cases of @entity1 , without prior chemotherapy, treated with @entity6 , @entity4 and @entity5 (PAC I). Of the 30 evaluable @entity0 , 15 had clinical complete remissions (cCR = 50%), 10 clinical partial remissions ( @entity7 = 33%) and 5 no response (NR = 17%). The total response (cCR + @entity7 ) was equal to 83%. Twelve of the 15 @entity0 in cCR underwent second-look laparotomy; in 8 of these cases, histologic and cytologic confirmation of CR was obtained. @entity8 was found to be a highly effective therapeutic regimen with moderate @entity2 . The individual @entity2 reported was gastroenteric (nausea and vomiting), but transitory. No chronic toxic side-effects from @entity6 or @entity4 were noted. However, more definitive results must be obtained to verify its impact on the prolongation of survival.

title: Combination chemotherapy in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to assess the efficacy of stabilisation splint treatment on @entity2 -related @entity1 during a 1-year follow-up. Eighty @entity0 were randomly assigned to two groups: splint group (n  =  39) and control group (n  =  41). The @entity0 in the splint group were treated with a stabilisation splint and  received counselling and instructions for masticatory muscle exercises. The controls received only counselling and instructions for masticatory muscles exercises. The outcome variables were the change in the intensity of @entity1 (as measured with visual analogue scale, VAS) as well as the @entity0 ' subjective estimate of treatment outcome. The differences in VAS changes between the groups were analysed using variance analysis and linear regression models. The VAS decreased in both groups, the difference between the groups being not statistically significant. The group status did not significantly associate with the decrease in VAS after adjustment for baseline VAS, gender, age, length of treatment and general health status. The only statistically significant predicting factor was the baseline VAS, which was also confirmed by the mixed-effect linear model. After 1-year follow-up, 27  6% of the @entity0 in the splint group and 37  5% of the @entity0 in the control group reported 'very good' treatment effects. The findings of this study did not show stabilisation splint treatment to be more effective in decreasing @entity1 than masticatory muscle exercises and counselling alone in the treatment of @entity2 -related @entity1 over a 1-year follow-up.

title: Efficacy of stabilisation splint treatment on XXXX - 1-year follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have suggested that the use of regional anesthesia can reduce recurrence risk after oncologic surgery. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of epidural anesthesia on recurrence-free ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) after hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases (CLM). METHODS: After approval of the institutional review board, the records of all adult @entity0 who underwent elective hepatic resection between January 2006 and October 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. @entity0 were categorized according to use of perioperative epidural analgesia versus intravenous analgesia. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors influencing @entity2 and @entity1 . RESULTS: Of 510 total @entity0 , 390 received epidural analgesia (EA group) and 120 @entity0 received intravenous analgesia (IVA group). Compared with the IVA group, more @entity0 in the EA group underwent associated surgical procedures with consequently longer operative times (p  <  0.001). In addition, the EA group received more intraoperative fluids and had higher urine output volumes (p   <=  0.001). Five-year @entity2 was longer in the EA group (34.7  %) compared with the IVA group (21.1  %). On multivariate analysis, the receipt of epidural analgesia was an independent predictor of improved @entity2 (p  =  0.036, hazard ratio [HR] 0.74; 95  % confidence interval [CI] 0.56-0.95), but not @entity1 (p  =  0.102, HR 0.72; 95  % CI 0.49-1.07). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests an association between epidural analgesia and improved @entity2 , but not @entity1 , after CLM resection. These results warrant further prospective, randomized studies on the benefits of regional anesthesia on oncologic outcomes after hepatic resection for CLM.

title: Positive Impact of Epidural Analgesia on Oncologic Outcomes in XXXX Undergoing Resection of Colorectal Liver Metastases.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the second most common @entity3 and results from the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway. The pathogenesis of @entity4 is poorly understood, but inflammatory processes have been implicated. Indeed increases in the number of major histocompatibility complex II ( @entity7 ) reactive cells have long been recognised in the brains of @entity4 @entity0 at post-mortem. However whether cells expressing @entity7 play an active role in @entity4 pathogenesis has not been delineated. This was addressed utilising a transgenic @entity2 null for @entity7 and the parkinsonian toxin @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In wild-type @entity2 @entity7 levels in the ventral midbrain were upregulated 1-2 days after @entity6 treatment and @entity7 was localized in both astrocytes and microglia. @entity7 null @entity2 showed significant reductions in @entity6 -induced dopaminergic neuron loss and a significantly reduced invasion of astrocytes and microglia in @entity7 null @entity2 receiving @entity6 compared with controls. In addition, @entity7 null @entity2 failed to show increases in interferon-y or @entity1 necrosis factor-a in the brain after @entity6 treatment, as was found in wild-type @entity2 . However, @entity5 was significantly increased in both wild-type and @entity7 null @entity2 . These data indicate that in addition to microglial cell/myeloid cell activation MHC Class II-mediated T cell activation is required for the full expression of pathology in this model of @entity4 . GLIA 2015.

title: Evidence for a role of adaptive immune response in the disease pathogenesis of the XXXX @entity2 model of @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the second most common @entity3 and results from the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway. The pathogenesis of @entity4 is poorly understood, but inflammatory processes have been implicated. Indeed increases in the number of major histocompatibility complex II ( @entity7 ) reactive cells have long been recognised in the brains of @entity4 @entity0 at post-mortem. However whether cells expressing @entity7 play an active role in @entity4 pathogenesis has not been delineated. This was addressed utilising a transgenic @entity2 null for @entity7 and the parkinsonian toxin @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In wild-type @entity2 @entity7 levels in the ventral midbrain were upregulated 1-2 days after @entity6 treatment and @entity7 was localized in both astrocytes and microglia. @entity7 null @entity2 showed significant reductions in @entity6 -induced dopaminergic neuron loss and a significantly reduced invasion of astrocytes and microglia in @entity7 null @entity2 receiving @entity6 compared with controls. In addition, @entity7 null @entity2 failed to show increases in interferon-y or @entity1 necrosis factor-a in the brain after @entity6 treatment, as was found in wild-type @entity2 . However, @entity5 was significantly increased in both wild-type and @entity7 null @entity2 . These data indicate that in addition to microglial cell/myeloid cell activation MHC Class II-mediated T cell activation is required for the full expression of pathology in this model of @entity4 . GLIA 2015.

title: Evidence for a role of adaptive immune response in the disease pathogenesis of the @entity6 @entity2 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the second most common @entity3 and results from the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway. The pathogenesis of @entity4 is poorly understood, but inflammatory processes have been implicated. Indeed increases in the number of major histocompatibility complex II ( @entity7 ) reactive cells have long been recognised in the brains of @entity4 @entity0 at post-mortem. However whether cells expressing @entity7 play an active role in @entity4 pathogenesis has not been delineated. This was addressed utilising a transgenic @entity2 null for @entity7 and the parkinsonian toxin @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In wild-type @entity2 @entity7 levels in the ventral midbrain were upregulated 1-2 days after @entity6 treatment and @entity7 was localized in both astrocytes and microglia. @entity7 null @entity2 showed significant reductions in @entity6 -induced dopaminergic neuron loss and a significantly reduced invasion of astrocytes and microglia in @entity7 null @entity2 receiving @entity6 compared with controls. In addition, @entity7 null @entity2 failed to show increases in interferon-y or @entity1 necrosis factor-a in the brain after @entity6 treatment, as was found in wild-type @entity2 . However, @entity5 was significantly increased in both wild-type and @entity7 null @entity2 . These data indicate that in addition to microglial cell/myeloid cell activation MHC Class II-mediated T cell activation is required for the full expression of pathology in this model of @entity4 . GLIA 2015.

title: Evidence for a role of adaptive immune response in the disease pathogenesis of the @entity6 XXXX model of @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     The aim of this study is to identify risk factors associated with complications and readmissions following cleft lip repair using the multicenter American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) Pediatric. DESIGN:     @entity0 undergoing CPT codes 40700, 40701, and 40702 were extracted from the ACS NSQIP Pediatric. Fisher exact,   (2), and rank-sum tests were used to evaluate risk factors. RESULTS:     Of the 525 @entity0 included, 4.2% had complications, with @entity4 being the most common. Risk factors included @entity3 (P = .001), ventilator dependence (P = .002), @entity1 support (P = .016), tracheostomy (P = .005), esophageal/gastric/intestinal disease (P = .007), @entity2 (P = .034), acquired central @entity5 (P = .040), nutritional support (P = .001), major and severe cardiac risk factors (P = .011 and P = .005), and an American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 3 (P = .002). In addition, complications were associated with undergoing a one-stage bilateral repair (P = .045) or concomitant ear, nose, and throat procedure (P = .045). The readmission rates for ambulatory @entity0 and inpatients were 2.6% and 4.9% (P = .556), with an overall readmission rate of 4.6%. Ambulatory @entity0 were older (P = .005) and had shorter operative times (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS:     Perioperative complications are @entity6 repair, with @entity4 being the most common. Readmission rates of 4.6% are higher than expected, and insight into predictors of complications will allow surgeons to identify @entity0 who could benefit from additional resources.

title: An Assessment of 30-Day Complications in Primary XXXX Repair: A Review of the 2012 ACS NSQIP Pediatric.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Understanding how @entity0 move through outpatient clinics is important for optimizing clinic processes. This study compares the costs, benefits, and challenges of two clinically important methods for measuring @entity0 flow: (1) a commercial system using infrared (IR) technology that passively tracks @entity0 movements and (2) a custom-built, low cost, networked @entity1 ( @entity1 ) system that requires active swiping by @entity0 at proximity card readers. METHODS: Readers for both the IR and @entity1 systems were installed in the General Eye Service of the Wilmer Eye Institute. @entity0 were given both IR and @entity1 tags to measure the time they spent in various clinic stations. Simultaneously, investigators recorded the times at which @entity0 moved between rooms. These measurements were considered the standard against which the other methods were compared. RESULTS: One hundred twelve @entity0 generated a total of 252 events over the course of 6  days. The proportion of events successfully recorded by the @entity1 system (83.7  %) was significantly greater than that obtained with the IR system (75.4  %, p  <  0.001). The cause of the missing events using the IR method was found to be a signal interruption between the @entity0 tags and the check-in desk receiver. Excluding those data, the IR system successfully recorded 94.4  % of events (p  =  0.002; OR  =  3.83 compared to the @entity1 system). There was no statistical difference between the IR, @entity1 , and manual time measurements (p  >  0.05 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: Both @entity1 and IR methods are effective at providing @entity0 flow information. The custom-made @entity1 system was as accurate as IR and was installed at about 10  % the cost. Given its significantly lower costs, the @entity1 option may be an appealing option for smaller clinics with more limited budgets.

title: A comparison of commercial and custom-made electronic tracking systems to measure XXXX flow through an ambulatory clinic.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: De @entity3 is a stenosing condition of the sheath of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons at the radial styloid process. Previous studies consistently reported that the pathological change of this condition is thought to be primarily an extensor retinaculum thickened by @entity2 and angiogenesis instead of @entity1 . Contradictorily, the conservative treatment for de @entity3 is anti-inflammatory medication. The inflammatory response may be involved in this disease; however, there is no present study directly evidencing whether the inflammatory responses exist in de @entity3 or not. The histopathology of de @entity3 is yet to be elucidated clearly. PURPOSE: To grade all specimens in the different stages and characterize specific inflammatory cell and factors to examine whether inflammatory response is involved in de @entity3 . METHODS: Retinaculum samples were collected from 13 @entity0 with de @entity3 after surgery. The specimens were evaluated histologically by collagen structure grading and immunohistochemically by quantifying the presence of neutrophil elastase, macrophages, cyclooxygenase, and vascular endothelium. RESULTS: Neutrophil elastase and cyclooxygenase occur in the de @entity3 retinaculum and increased with the grade of collagen structure. After angiogenesis, macrophage infiltration occurs in the grade II matrix worse than grade III matrix. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 is present in de @entity3 . This study provides direct evidence for inflammatory cell and infiltration factors and offer valuable clues for specific pharmacological therapies for de @entity3 .

title: XXXX Is Present in De Quervain Disease-Correlation Study Between Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Culture-derived Litomosoides carinii microfilariae (MFF) were used in in vitro and in vivo systems to investigate the effect of @entity3 ( @entity4 ) on these MFF. In vivo: Male @entity0 , Mastomys natalensis, all of the same age, were injected intrathoracically (12) or intraperitoneally (36) with 10(3) or 10(4) MFF. After 30 min one half of each group of @entity0 was given @entity4 per os. At 30, 60, and 120 min after @entity4 administration, two @entity0 from the treated and two from the untreated group were bled and killed. The pleural or peritoneal cavities were rinsed with warm saline (0.15 M @entity2 ) to recover MFF. In both the intrathoracic and intraperitoneal experiments, equal numbers of MFF were recovered from treated and control @entity0 at 30 and 120 min. However, at 60 min 85.5% fewer were recovered from the treated than from the nontreated animals. MFF were not found in the blood. In vitro: MFF were added to tissue culture dish wells (Linbro Div., Flow Labs, Hamden, Conn) prepared as follows: @entity4 -Serum (serum from normal @entity0 given @entity4 at 500 mg/kg), @entity4 + Serum (serum with added @entity4 ), serum only, RPMI 1640 only, and RPMI 1640 + @entity4 . Furthermore, the five treatments were prepared either with or without unstimulated @entity1 ( @entity1 ) cells. At 30 min in the @entity4 -Serum wells 45% of the MFF had adherent @entity1 cells; in the remaining wells these cells adhered to 11% or fewer MFF. We interpret the aforementioned phenomena as representing the first step in the trapping and elimination of MFF after @entity4 treatment of L. carinii-infected M. natalensis.

title: The effect of XXXX on microfilariae of Litomosoides carinii in vitro and in vivo.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity2 ) is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies have suggested enhanced drug absorption from @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Little is known of the fate of @entity2 absorption within the gastrointestinal tract, and no gastrointestinal transit study has yet been performed on @entity2 -containing nano-formulations. We aimed to investigate the effect of food on the gastrointestinal transit properties of an @entity2 -containing @entity0 in @entity1 . Three SLNs containing @entity2 , @entity3 , or @entity5 were formulated using @entity6 butter and beeswax as lipid matrices and simultaneously administered orally to @entity1 . @entity3 and @entity7 were used as marker drugs for estimating gastric emptying and cecal arrival, respectively. The pharmacokinetic data generated for @entity3 and @entity7 were used in estimating the absorption of the @entity2 SLNs in the small and large intestines, respectively. A delayed rate of @entity2 absorption was observed in the fed state; however, the extent of absorption was not affected by food. Specifically, the percentages of @entity2 absorption during the fasted state in the stomach, small intestine, and colon were not significantly different from absorption within the respective regions in the fed state. In both states, however, absorption was highest in the colon and appeared to be a combination of absorption from the small intestine plus absorption proper within the colon. The study suggests that @entity2 @entity0 , irrespective of food status, is slowly but predominantly taken up by the lymph, making the small intestine the most favorable site for the delivery of the @entity2 SLNs.

title: Effect of Food Status on the Gastrointestinal Transit of XXXX -Containing Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity2 ) is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Recent studies have suggested enhanced drug absorption from @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Little is known of the fate of @entity2 absorption within the gastrointestinal tract, and no gastrointestinal transit study has yet been performed on @entity2 -containing nano-formulations. We aimed to investigate the effect of food on the gastrointestinal transit properties of an @entity2 -containing @entity0 in @entity1 . Three SLNs containing @entity2 , @entity3 , or @entity5 were formulated using @entity6 butter and beeswax as lipid matrices and simultaneously administered orally to @entity1 . @entity3 and @entity7 were used as marker drugs for estimating gastric emptying and cecal arrival, respectively. The pharmacokinetic data generated for @entity3 and @entity7 were used in estimating the absorption of the @entity2 SLNs in the small and large intestines, respectively. A delayed rate of @entity2 absorption was observed in the fed state; however, the extent of absorption was not affected by food. Specifically, the percentages of @entity2 absorption during the fasted state in the stomach, small intestine, and colon were not significantly different from absorption within the respective regions in the fed state. In both states, however, absorption was highest in the colon and appeared to be a combination of absorption from the small intestine plus absorption proper within the colon. The study suggests that @entity2 @entity0 , irrespective of food status, is slowly but predominantly taken up by the lymph, making the small intestine the most favorable site for the delivery of the @entity2 SLNs.

title: Effect of Food Status on the Gastrointestinal Transit of @entity4 -Containing Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel technique of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. First results obtained with PIPAC in @entity0 with advanced peritoneal @entity1 (PM) from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are presented. METHODS: Retrospective analysis: Sixty PIPAC were applied in 24 consecutive @entity0 with PM from @entity4 . 67  % @entity0 had previous surgery, and 79  % previous @entity7 -based systemic chemotherapy. Mean @entity3 Index (PCI) of 16        10 and 18/24 @entity0 had signet-ring @entity4 . @entity6 7.5  mg/m(2) and @entity5 1.5  mg/m(2) were given for 30  min at 37    C and 12  mmHg at 6  week intervals. Outcome criteria were survival, adverse events, and histological @entity2 response. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 248  days (range 105-748), and median survival time was 15.4  months. Seventeen @entity0 had repeated PIPAC, and objective @entity2 response was observed in 12 (12/24   =   50  %): no vital @entity2 cells   =   6, major pathological response   =   6, minor response   =   3. Postoperative adverse events   >   CTCAE 2 were observed in 9 @entity0 (9/24, 37.5  %). In 3/17 @entity0 , a later PIPAC could not be performed due to non-access. Two @entity0 (ECOG 3 and 4) died in the hospital due to disease progression. CONCLUSION: PIPAC with low-dose @entity6 and @entity5 was safe and induced objective @entity2 regression in selected @entity0 with PM from recurrent, @entity7 -resistant @entity4 . First survival data are encouraging and justify further clinical studies in this indication.

title: Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) with Low-Dose XXXX and @entity5 in Gastric Peritoneal @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel technique of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. First results obtained with PIPAC in @entity0 with advanced peritoneal @entity1 (PM) from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are presented. METHODS: Retrospective analysis: Sixty PIPAC were applied in 24 consecutive @entity0 with PM from @entity4 . 67  % @entity0 had previous surgery, and 79  % previous @entity7 -based systemic chemotherapy. Mean @entity3 Index (PCI) of 16        10 and 18/24 @entity0 had signet-ring @entity4 . @entity6 7.5  mg/m(2) and @entity5 1.5  mg/m(2) were given for 30  min at 37    C and 12  mmHg at 6  week intervals. Outcome criteria were survival, adverse events, and histological @entity2 response. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 248  days (range 105-748), and median survival time was 15.4  months. Seventeen @entity0 had repeated PIPAC, and objective @entity2 response was observed in 12 (12/24   =   50  %): no vital @entity2 cells   =   6, major pathological response   =   6, minor response   =   3. Postoperative adverse events   >   CTCAE 2 were observed in 9 @entity0 (9/24, 37.5  %). In 3/17 @entity0 , a later PIPAC could not be performed due to non-access. Two @entity0 (ECOG 3 and 4) died in the hospital due to disease progression. CONCLUSION: PIPAC with low-dose @entity6 and @entity5 was safe and induced objective @entity2 regression in selected @entity0 with PM from recurrent, @entity7 -resistant @entity4 . First survival data are encouraging and justify further clinical studies in this indication.

title: Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) with Low-Dose @entity6 and XXXX in Gastric Peritoneal @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a novel technique of intraperitoneal chemotherapy. First results obtained with PIPAC in @entity0 with advanced peritoneal @entity1 (PM) from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are presented. METHODS: Retrospective analysis: Sixty PIPAC were applied in 24 consecutive @entity0 with PM from @entity4 . 67  % @entity0 had previous surgery, and 79  % previous @entity7 -based systemic chemotherapy. Mean @entity3 Index (PCI) of 16        10 and 18/24 @entity0 had signet-ring @entity4 . @entity6 7.5  mg/m(2) and @entity5 1.5  mg/m(2) were given for 30  min at 37    C and 12  mmHg at 6  week intervals. Outcome criteria were survival, adverse events, and histological @entity2 response. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 248  days (range 105-748), and median survival time was 15.4  months. Seventeen @entity0 had repeated PIPAC, and objective @entity2 response was observed in 12 (12/24   =   50  %): no vital @entity2 cells   =   6, major pathological response   =   6, minor response   =   3. Postoperative adverse events   >   CTCAE 2 were observed in 9 @entity0 (9/24, 37.5  %). In 3/17 @entity0 , a later PIPAC could not be performed due to non-access. Two @entity0 (ECOG 3 and 4) died in the hospital due to disease progression. CONCLUSION: PIPAC with low-dose @entity6 and @entity5 was safe and induced objective @entity2 regression in selected @entity0 with PM from recurrent, @entity7 -resistant @entity4 . First survival data are encouraging and justify further clinical studies in this indication.

title: Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) with Low-Dose @entity6 and @entity5 in Gastric Peritoneal XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Sylvatic carnivores, such as @entity6 , have recently been recognized as important hosts in the evolution of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), a pandemic pathogen of domestic @entity1 . Although viruses from @entity6 do not efficiently bind the @entity1 @entity10 ( @entity10 ) or infect @entity1 cells, a single mutation changing an @entity4 to a @entity7 at capsid ( @entity8 ) position 300 in the prototype @entity6 @entity9 allows @entity1 cell @entity2 . Because @entity8 position 300 exhibits extensive @entity5 variation among the carnivore parvoviruses, we further investigated its role in determining host range by analyzing its diversity and evolution in nature and by creating a comprehensive set of @entity8 position 300 mutants in infectious clones. Notably, some position 300 residues rendered @entity9 noninfectious for @entity1 , but not cat or fox, cells. Changes of adjacent residues (residues 299 and 301) were also observed often after cell culture passage in different hosts, and some of the mutations mimicked changes seen in viruses recovered from natural infections of alternative hosts, suggesting that compensatory mutations were selected to accommodate the new residue at position 300. Analysis of the TfRs of carnivore hosts used in the experimental evolution studies demonstrated that their glycosylation patterns varied, including a glycan present only on the domestic @entity1 @entity10 that dictates susceptibility to parvoviruses. Overall, there were significant differences in the abilities of viruses with alternative position 300 residues to bind TfRs and infect different carnivore hosts, demonstrating that the process of @entity2 is highly host dependent and that @entity8 position 300 is a key determinant of host range. IMPORTANCE: Although the emergence and pandemic spread of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) are well documented, the carnivore hosts and evolutionary pathways involved in its emergence remain enigmatic. We recently demonstrated that a region in the capsid structure of @entity9 , centered around @entity8 position 300, varies after transfer to alternative carnivore hosts and may allow @entity2 of previously nonsusceptible hosts in vitro. Here we show that @entity8 position 300 is the most variable residue in the parvovirus capsid in nature, suggesting that it is a critical determinant in the cross-species transfer of viruses between different carnivores due to its interactions with the @entity0 receptor to mediate @entity2 . To this end, we demonstrated that there are substantial differences in receptor binding and infectivity of various @entity8 position 300 mutants for different carnivore species and that single mutations in this region can influence whether a host is susceptible or refractory to @entity3 .

title: Single Mutations in the XXXX 300 Loop Region of the Three-Fold Spike of the Carnivore Parvovirus Capsid Can Determine Host Range.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The cost effectiveness of wrist fluoroscopy and arthrography was evaluated in @entity0 with obscure wrist @entity1 . Dynamic fluoroscopy was performed in 91 cases and was positive in 54 (59%). Radiocarpal arthrography was performed in 60 of these cases in which further information was desired. Arthrography increased the diagnostic yield to 62 of 91 cases (68%). Diagnoses included ligament and cartilage tears, and dynamic intercarpal instability. The cost per positive examination for fluoroscopy, based on total cost for fluoroscopy in 91 @entity0 divided by number of positive cases, is  126. The cost per positive examination by arthrography alone is  377. When arthrography is done only when fluoroscopy is equivocal or negative, the cost per positive examination (fluoroscopy plus arthrography) drops to  280. Wrist arthrography is only cost effective if done after dynamic fluoroscopy fails to answer the clinical questions. When done together in this setting, the two procedures are most cost effective than arthrography alone. Based on current costs, conservative treatment of carpal instability costs about  1,500, and surgical therapy costs about  4,000. Thus, fluoroscopy and arthrography may further reduce the cost of management of obscure wrist @entity1 by identifying those @entity0 who would not benefit from surgical exploration.

title: Cost effectiveness of wrist fluoroscopy and arthrography in the evaluation of obscure wrist XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment options for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are numerous and include topical and systemic agents. Intralesional and systemic @entity3 are used; however, the therapeutic results are often disappointing. OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of @entity4 , laser, and topical @entity2 therapies in the treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: One hundred twenty adult @entity0 with  <=3 cm @entity6 were recruited into the study. They were randomly assigned, by preoperative envelope drawing, to be treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT group), @entity4 therapy (ozonated group), and topical @entity2 therapy (positive control group). A placebo treatment containing base ointment without the active @entity2 component was administered to @entity0 in the negative control group. Response rate scores were determined on the basis of changes in the appearance score and @entity1 score of the lesions between baseline and after each treatment. RESULTS: The study subjects consisted of 56 male and 64 female @entity5 @entity0 with a combined mean age of 42.6  8.3 years (range, 28~55 years). No statistically significant difference was detected in clinical severity among the groups. The sign scores decreased in almost all scoring groups; however, statistically significant improvement was found in the ozonated and @entity2 -treated groups. Symptom improvement was achieved after treatment with LLLT, @entity4 , and @entity2 (p<0.05). The efficacy indices were significantly higher in the ozonated and @entity2 -treated groups. CONCLUSION: @entity4 and @entity2 therapies were more effective than 808-nm LLLT in the treatment of @entity5 .

title: Comparison of Low-Level Laser Therapy versus @entity4 Therapy in the Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment options for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are numerous and include topical and systemic agents. Intralesional and systemic @entity3 are used; however, the therapeutic results are often disappointing. OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of @entity4 , laser, and topical @entity2 therapies in the treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: One hundred twenty adult @entity0 with  <=3 cm @entity6 were recruited into the study. They were randomly assigned, by preoperative envelope drawing, to be treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT group), @entity4 therapy (ozonated group), and topical @entity2 therapy (positive control group). A placebo treatment containing base ointment without the active @entity2 component was administered to @entity0 in the negative control group. Response rate scores were determined on the basis of changes in the appearance score and @entity1 score of the lesions between baseline and after each treatment. RESULTS: The study subjects consisted of 56 male and 64 female @entity5 @entity0 with a combined mean age of 42.6  8.3 years (range, 28~55 years). No statistically significant difference was detected in clinical severity among the groups. The sign scores decreased in almost all scoring groups; however, statistically significant improvement was found in the ozonated and @entity2 -treated groups. Symptom improvement was achieved after treatment with LLLT, @entity4 , and @entity2 (p<0.05). The efficacy indices were significantly higher in the ozonated and @entity2 -treated groups. CONCLUSION: @entity4 and @entity2 therapies were more effective than 808-nm LLLT in the treatment of @entity5 .

title: Comparison of Low-Level Laser Therapy versus XXXX Therapy in the Treatment of @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The latest guidelines define "long-term success" as freedom from @entity2 recurrence more than 36 months after procedures without any antiarrhythmic drug therapy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes and procedural findings in @entity0 with recurrence beyond "long-term success." METHODS: Among @entity0 who underwent pulmonary vein (PV) antrum isolation for drug-refractory symptomatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 37 in whom recurrent @entity2 were observed during annual follow-up after "long-term success" and who underwent repeat procedures for recurrent @entity2 were included in the study. RESULTS: The time from the latest procedure to recurrence was a median of 61 ([25th, 75th percentiles]: [51-77.5]) months. Recurrent @entity2 type was paroxysmal in 22 @entity0 (59.5%) and persistent in 15 (40.5%). Recurrent @entity2 were @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in 13 @entity0 (35.1%), including 8 with @entity1 unrelated to PVs. Repeat procedures were performed a median of 2.0 [1.0-4.0] months after identifying recurrent episodes. Recovered PV conduction was found in 29 @entity0 (78.4%) and non-PV foci in 4 (10.8%). Freedom from recurrence 1 year after repeat procedures was 63.3%. Seven @entity0 (18.9%) underwent further repeat procedures a median of 7.0 [2.0-28.0] months after repeat procedures and had no PV reconnections. In total, @entity3 / @entity1 unrelated to PVs was present in 24 @entity0 (64.9%). In contrast, @entity2 related to PVs were observed in 2 @entity0 (5.4%) during a total of 46 repeat procedures after "long-term success." CONCLUSION: Although PV reconnections were commonly found even after "long-term success," @entity3 / @entity1 unrelated to PVs was assumed to be present in the majority of this population.

title: Recurrence after "long-term success" in catheter ablation of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Twenty total hip prostheses inserted after massive resection of the upper part of the femur for @entity1 have been reviewed after a 3 year mean follow-up. Fifteen cases were of primary @entity1 . The mean resection of the femur measured 175 mm in length and was reconstructed using Cochin prostheses. From the oncological standpoint, the results were comparable with those obtained after disarticulation of the hip, but the functional results were, of course, much better. Five @entity0 were able to resume their previous professional work; 13 were able to have a normal type of life and only 2 were severely crippled. Nineteen hips were painless. Nine @entity0 could walk without a stick, 9 used one stick for walking outside and 2 used sticks permanently. Two cases were complicated by dislocation. Despite an extensive resection of the greater trochanter, one third of the hips were stable on standing on one leg, thanks to the design of the prostheses. No prostheses broke. Two loosenings of the acetabular cup had to be revised. No loosening of the femoral stem was found, despite the frequency of @entity2 of the diaphysis to 4-5 cms below the level of resection. The authors intend now to improve the design of the prostheses and to aid the reinsertion of the muscles, which can be improved by using homografts surrounding the femoral prostheses.

title: [Reconstruction prosthesis of the upper part of the femur. Intermediate results in 20 resections for XXXX . Current trends].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of 4 biomechanical parameters on @entity0 cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL)-intact and - @entity3 . SAMPLE Data for computer simulations of a healthy 5-year-old 33-kg neutered male Golden Retriever in a previously developed 3-D rigid body pelvic limb computer model simulating the stance phase during walking. PROCEDURES @entity0 stifle joint biomechanics were assessed when biomechanical parameters (CrCL stiffness, CrCL prestrain, body weight, and stifle joint friction coefficient) were altered in the pelvic limb computer simulation model. Parameters were incrementally altered from baseline values to determine the influence on stifle joint outcome measures (ligament loads, relative tibial translation, and relative @entity1 ). Stifle joint outcome measures were compared between CrCL-intact and - @entity3 for the range of parameters evaluated. RESULTS In the CrCL-intact stifle joint, ligament loads were most sensitive to CrCL prestrain. In the @entity2 stifle joint, ligament loads were most sensitive to body weight. Relative tibial translation was most sensitive to body weight, whereas relative @entity1 was most sensitive to CrCL prestrain. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, computer model sensitivity analyses predicted that CrCL prestrain and body weight influenced stifle joint biomechanics. @entity4 may influence the likelihood of @entity2 . Body weight could play an important role in management of @entity0 with a @entity2 stifle joint.

title: Influence of biomechanical parameters on cranial cruciate ligament-deficient or -intact XXXX stifle joints assessed by use of a computer simulation model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Auscultatory percussion is a new method of physical examination developed by Guarino [Lancet i: 1332-1334, 1980]. It consists in tapping lightly the manubrium sterni with the distal phalanx of the middle finger while listening over the chest wall posteriorly with a stethoscope; a decrease in sound intensity is usually attributed to @entity1 . The aim of our study was to assess the validity of the method as compared to classical percussion, a point not entirely clear in the original study. Two observers independently examined 281 unselected @entity0 (170 @entity0 ; 111 @entity0 ) referred for chest X-ray studies. Roentgenographic analysis, carried out by a third observer, revealed 12 categories of abnormalities in 96 @entity0 . The validity of auscultatory and conventional percussion was calculated by taking the product of sensitivity and specificity of each method. For both observers and both methods, the values of this index were always found to be below 0.25, indicating that the results can be explained entirely by chance. When the roentgenographic category was taken into account, both methods of percussion were valid only to detect large @entity2 . Auscultatory percussion failed completely to detect many other abnormalities including solitary nodules less than 6 cm in diameter. There is no single hypothesis to explain these results. Various possibilities are discussed.

title: Detection of XXXX by auscultatory percussion: a comparative study with conventional percussion.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is the fourth most common cause of @entity3 from @entity2 . Its 5-year survival rate is less than 5%. This poor prognosis is mostly due to the @entity2 's early invasion and @entity1 formation, leading to an initial diagnosis at an advanced incurable stage in the majority of @entity0 . The only potentially curative treatment is radical surgical resection. The effect of current chemotherapeutics or radiotherapy is limited. Novel therapeutic strategies are therefore much needed. One of the hallmarks of @entity5 is its abundant desmoplastic (stromal) reaction. The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is critical for embryologic development of the pancreas. Aberrant Hh signaling promotes @entity4 , the maintenance of the @entity2 microenvironment and stromal growth. The canonical Hh-pathway in the @entity2 stroma has been targeted widely but has not yet lead to hopeful clinical results. Targeting both the @entity2 and its surrounding stroma through Hh pathway inhibition by also targeting non-canonical pathways as apparent in the @entity2 cell may therefore be a novel treatment strategy for @entity5 .

title: Regulation mechanisms of the hedgehog pathway in XXXX : a review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 -binding cassette (ABC) transporters use @entity1 to drive solute transport across biological membranes. Members of this superfamily have crucial roles in cell physiology, and some of the transporters are linked to severe diseases. However, understanding of the transport mechanism, especially of @entity0 ABC exporters, is scarce. We reconstituted the @entity0 lysosomal polypeptide ABC transporter @entity3 , expressed in @entity2 , into lipid vesicles (liposomes) and performed explicit transport measurements. We analyzed solute transport at the single liposome level by monitoring the coincident fluorescence of solutes and proteoliposomes in the focal volume of a confocal microscope. We determined a turnover number of eight peptides per minute, which is two orders of magnitude higher than previously estimated from macroscopic measurements. Moreover, we show that @entity3 translocates peptides against a large concentration gradient. Maximal filling is not limited by an electrochemical gradient but by trans-inhibition. Countertransport and reversibility studies demonstrate that peptide translocation is a strictly unidirectional process. Altogether, these data are included in a refined model of solute transport by ABC exporters.

title: Single liposome analysis of peptide translocation by the ABC transporter XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A significant portion of @entity1 (Ub)-dependent cellular protein quality control takes place at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a process termed "ER-associated degradation" (ERAD). @entity0 ERAD employs two integral ER membrane E3 Ub ligases: @entity4 (also termed @entity4 ) and @entity2 , which recognize a distinct set of substrates. However, both E3s bind to and activate a common E2-conjugating enzyme, @entity3 . Here we describe a novel feature of the ERAD system that entails differential activation of @entity3 by its cognate E3s. We found that residues within helix a2 of @entity3 that interact with donor Ub were essential for polyUb conjugation. Mutagenesis of these residues inhibited the in vitro activity of @entity3 by preventing the conjugation of donor Ub to the acceptor. Unexpectedly, Ub chain formation by mutant @entity3 was restored selectively by the @entity4 RING domain but not by the @entity2 RING domain. In agreement with the in vitro data, @entity3 a2 helix mutations selectively impaired the in vivo degradation of @entity2 substrates but had no apparent effect on the degradation of @entity4 substrates. To our knowledge, this is the first example of distinct activation requirements of a single E2 by two E3s. We propose a model in which the RING domain activates Ub transfer by stabilizing a transition state determined by noncovalent interactions between the a2 helix of @entity3 and Ub and that this transition state may be stabilized further by some E3 ligases, such as @entity4 , through additional interactions outside the RING domain.

title: Distinct activation of an E2 XXXX -conjugating enzyme by its cognate E3 ligases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effects on the conceptus of persistently decreased maternal plasma @entity3 concentrations were studied in pregnant @entity0 by the infusion of glucagon (0.21 mg/day) to the mother from day 14 to 20 of gestation with a subcutaneous, osmotically driven minipump. Controls received diluent. The experimental animals either had normal caloric intake and @entity6 , or diminished caloric intake with no @entity6 . Both experimental groups exhibited a decrease in plasma total @entity3 concentration of approximately 50%. Maternal plasma @entity1 and insulin concentrations were unaffected except for slight decreases in the low @entity6 group. At cesarean section on day 20, fetal weight was unaffected in the normal @entity6 group, while the low @entity6 animals exhibited @entity9 . Fetal plasma @entity1 and insulin concentrations were unaffected. Despite the marked decrease in maternal plasma total @entity3 concentration, fetal plasma total @entity3 concentration was unaffected. Individual plasma @entity3 concentrations in the normal @entity6 mothers and fetuses revealed a spectrum of changes. Some maternal @entity8 were decreased by more than 60% ( @entity14 , @entity12 , @entity10 , @entity7 , @entity2 ) while others were unaffected ( @entity4 , @entity11 , @entity5 , @entity13 ). In general, @entity8 that were decreased in the mother exhibited no change or a lesser decrease in fetal plasma concentration, while those that were unaffected in the mothers showed increased fetal concentrations. Fetuses from the low @entity6 mothers had plasma @entity3 profiles that were similar to those of the normal @entity6 mothers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Preserved fetal plasma XXXX concentrations in the presence of maternal hypoaminoacidemia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 with @entity6 have a higher prevalence of @entity3 despite normal @entity2 ( @entity2 ), suggesting that GH overexpression has adverse effects on skeletal architecture and strength. We used giant @entity4 GH (bGH) @entity1 to analyze the effects of high serum GH levels on @entity2 , architecture, and mechanical strength. Five-month-old hemizygous male bGH @entity1 were compared with age- and sex-matched nontransgenic littermates controls (NT; n=16/group). Bone architecture and @entity2 were analyzed in tibia and lumbar vertebrae using microcomputed tomography. Femora were tested to failure using three-point bending and bone cellular activity determined by bone histomorphometry. bGH @entity1 displayed significant @entity5 and bone lengths. bGH tibia showed decreases in trabecular bone volume fraction, thickness, and number compared with NT ones, whereas trabecular pattern factor and structure model index were significantly increased, indicating deterioration in bone structure. Although cortical tissue perimeter was increased in @entity1 , cortical thickness was reduced. bGH @entity1 showed similar trabecular @entity2 but reduced trabecular thickness in lumbar vertebra relative to controls. @entity2 and thickness were significantly reduced in @entity7 . Mechanical testing of femora confirmed that bGH femora have decreased intrinsic mechanical properties compared with NT ones. Bone turnover is increased in favor of bone resorption in bGH tibia and vertebra compared with controls, and serum @entity8 levels is also enhanced in bGH @entity1 . These data collectively suggest that high serum GH levels negatively affect bone architecture and quality at multiple skeletal sites.

title: Excessive Growth Hormone Expression in Male GH XXXX Adversely Alters Bone Architecture and Mechanical Strength.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Risk factors for @entity3 in childhood were evaluated in a population-based sample of the Atlanta metropolitan area. Mothers from 449 households containing 575 @entity0 less than 5 years of age were selected by random-digit dialing and questioned about @entity1 and @entity2 occurring in their @entity0 during the preceding 2 weeks. Household demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, maternal smoking history and @entity0 day-care attendance and breast-feeding information were also obtained. For @entity0 less than 5 years of age, the reported incidence of @entity1 was 24%, and of @entity2 , 6%. Controlling for the other variables measured, day-care attendance was associated with a significantly increased risk of both illnesses. For @entity1 , increased risk was present for all @entity0 attending day care (P = .02, odds ratio = 1.6), whereas for @entity2 , risk could be demonstrated only for full-time attendees (P = .005, odds ratio = 3.8). Maternal smoking was a second independent risk factor for a @entity0 's having @entity1 (odds ratio = 1.7, P = .01). Thirty-one percent of all @entity1 among day-care attendees and 66% of all @entity2 among full-time day-care attendees were attributable to day-care attendance. Given the proportion of @entity0 in day care, 9% to 14% of the total burden of upper @entity3 in this population was day care related.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX : to what degree is incidence affected by day-care attendance?

answer: @entity1


abstract: 50 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity2 have been examined electrophysiologically before and after transnasal operation of the @entity3 . 32 of the 50 @entity0 (64%) had symptoms of @entity2 . 13 of them had @entity1 . 28 of the examined @entity0 had pathological neurographical findings only. About 1 week post-operatively DL was decreased in 43%; in 10 out of 13 @entity0 with @entity1 DL decreased. GH was normalized in 80% and reduced to 5-10 micrograms/l in a further 10%. The investigation did not show whether the @entity2 only depended on a GH increase or on other factors also such as e.g., on the duration of symptoms or tissue changes. None of the @entity0 had the transversal carpal ligament operated on. The coincidence between @entity4 and @entity2 was 64%. In 3 cases the @entity2 was the leading sign to the diagnosis of @entity4 .

title: XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 50 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity2 have been examined electrophysiologically before and after transnasal operation of the @entity3 . 32 of the 50 @entity0 (64%) had symptoms of @entity2 . 13 of them had @entity1 . 28 of the examined @entity0 had pathological neurographical findings only. About 1 week post-operatively DL was decreased in 43%; in 10 out of 13 @entity0 with @entity1 DL decreased. GH was normalized in 80% and reduced to 5-10 micrograms/l in a further 10%. The investigation did not show whether the @entity2 only depended on a GH increase or on other factors also such as e.g., on the duration of symptoms or tissue changes. None of the @entity0 had the transversal carpal ligament operated on. The coincidence between @entity4 and @entity2 was 64%. In 3 cases the @entity2 was the leading sign to the diagnosis of @entity4 .

title: @entity2 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: [Purpose] @entity1 is a @entity4 resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A consequence of this is chronic @entity8 with disturbances in @entity6 , fat and protein metabolism. We investigated whether there is any difference among @entity7 @entity0 and a control group in terms of lumbar and femur @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and standard deviation scores (Z score and T score). [Subjects and Methods] This randomized, prospective, controlled, single-blind study was conducted in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department Faculty of Medicine, Bezm-i Alem Vak  f University. @entity0 with @entity1 were included in the @entity0 groups. Healthy individuals were included in the control group. [Results] A total of 126 @entity0 completed the study (63 in the study group, 63 in the control group). There was no significant difference in the results of the laboratory examinations of the cases. The bone mineral densities of the cases were found to be significantly low in terms of the lumbar ( @entity5 ) T scores in the type 2 @entity1 group. [Conclusion] Although @entity3 is one of the potential complications of type 1 @entity1 , its effect on @entity2 in type 2 @entity7 is controversial. In different studies, the @entity2 values have increased, decreased or remained normal. With the exception of the lumbar ( @entity5 ) T score, similar results were obtained in this study.

title: Bone mineral density evaluation of @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: [Purpose] @entity1 is a @entity4 resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A consequence of this is chronic @entity8 with disturbances in @entity6 , fat and protein metabolism. We investigated whether there is any difference among @entity7 @entity0 and a control group in terms of lumbar and femur @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and standard deviation scores (Z score and T score). [Subjects and Methods] This randomized, prospective, controlled, single-blind study was conducted in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department Faculty of Medicine, Bezm-i Alem Vak  f University. @entity0 with @entity1 were included in the @entity0 groups. Healthy individuals were included in the control group. [Results] A total of 126 @entity0 completed the study (63 in the study group, 63 in the control group). There was no significant difference in the results of the laboratory examinations of the cases. The bone mineral densities of the cases were found to be significantly low in terms of the lumbar ( @entity5 ) T scores in the type 2 @entity1 group. [Conclusion] Although @entity3 is one of the potential complications of type 1 @entity1 , its effect on @entity2 in type 2 @entity7 is controversial. In different studies, the @entity2 values have increased, decreased or remained normal. With the exception of the lumbar ( @entity5 ) T score, similar results were obtained in this study.

title: Bone mineral density evaluation of XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The pathophysiology of @entity3 , a task-specific @entity2 , remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the basal ganglia circuit and the cerebellum during a complex motor sequence learning task carried out with the nonaffected hand in @entity3 @entity0 . METHODS: We applied structural and functional imaging in 22 @entity3 @entity0 and 28 matched controls using 3T MRI. With the asymptomatic left hand all @entity0 learned a complex, sequential, five-element sequence-tapping task as accurately and quickly as possible. Functional imaging was measured during a repeated (15 times), fixed block design with tapping (30  sec) and rest (30  sec). Additionally, gray matter volume of the basal ganglia was analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). RESULTS: While behavior was comparable between groups, after small volume correction the anterior part of the right putamen and the left globus pallidus exhibited reduced blood @entity1 level-dependent (BOLD) activity in @entity0 during the sequential finger-tapping task. VBM analysis showed larger gray matter volume bilateral in the posterior part of the putamen and globus pallidus. There were no group differences in the cerebellum. CONCLUSION: The results indicate an impairment of anterior basal ganglia loops involved in producing complex sequential movements of the unaffected hand. These findings are in line with previous reports of reduced neuronal activity in the globus pallidus internus. Higher gray matter volume of the putamen and globus pallidus may stem from elevated activity of the direct pathway, which could reflect a compensatory phenomenon or a primary predisposition, that is, endophenotypic trait.

title: Increased volume and impaired function: the role of the basal ganglia in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: We compared stone size, localization, complaint at the time of applying, comorbidity, treatment and complications between older (60 years of age and older) and younger @entity0 with @entity9 (59 years of age and younger). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 950 consecutive @entity0 who presented to our clinic and underwent surgery for @entity9 from January 2007 to March 2012. The @entity0 were divided into two groups: @entity0 >=  60 years an @entity0 < 60 years. RESULTS: There were 174 @entity0 and 61 @entity0 in elderly group, 528 @entity0 and 187 @entity0 in younger group. Ureteral stones were found more often in the younger group compared to elderly @entity0 (p < 0.05). Conversely, @entity10 was more frequent in the elderly group. In the elderly group comorbidities are more frequent ( @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity7 , @entity5 , @entity6 and chronic obstructive lung). @entity0 >=  60 years significantly had larger kidney and @entity10 compared the younger, but ureteral stone sizes were not statistically different between the two groups. Older @entity0 had a higher postoperative complication rate than younger @entity0 (16% versus 3%, p < 0.05) although @entity4 (e.g. urinary retention, @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity8 ) were not serious and resolved with medical treatment. The average length of stay in hospital was longer in the elderly group, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Elderly @entity0 with @entity9 usually have larger and more complex stone disease, more comorbidities and atypical presentation.

title: Clinical presentation of XXXX in older and younger population.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is increasingly common in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), but little is known about long-term cardiovascular outcome after pregnancy in these @entity0 . We studied the incidence of @entity1 1-year postpartum and compared cardiac function prepregnancy and 1-year postpartum in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: From our national, prospective multicenter cohort study, 172 @entity0 were studied. Follow-up with clinical evaluation and echocardiography and NT-proBNP measurement were performed during pregnancy and 12 months postpartum. @entity1 were defined as need for an urgent invasive cardiovascular procedure, @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity8 events, @entity4 , @entity9 , @entity2 , @entity6 , and @entity10 . RESULTS: @entity1 were observed after 11 pregnancies (6.4%). @entity0 with @entity1 had significant higher NT-proBNP values at 20-week gestation (191 [137-288] vs 102.5 [57-167]; P = .049) and 1-year postpartum compared with @entity0 without @entity1 (306 [129-592] vs 105 [54-187] pg/mL; P = .014). @entity0 with @entity1 during pregnancy were at higher risk for late @entity1 (HR 7.1; 95% CI 2.0-25.3; P = .003). In @entity0 with @entity1 during pregnancy, subpulmonary end-diastolic diameter had significantly increased 1-year postpartum (39.0 [36.0-48.0] to 44.0 [40.0-50.0]; P = .028). No other significant differences were found in cardiac function or size 1-year postpartum compared with preconception values. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 are relatively rare 1 year after pregnancy in @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity0 with @entity1 during pregnancy are prone to develop @entity1 1-year postpartum and have increased subpulmonary ventricular diameter compared with preconception values.

title: Cardiac function and cardiac events 1-year postpartum in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is increasingly common in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), but little is known about long-term cardiovascular outcome after pregnancy in these @entity0 . We studied the incidence of @entity1 1-year postpartum and compared cardiac function prepregnancy and 1-year postpartum in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: From our national, prospective multicenter cohort study, 172 @entity0 were studied. Follow-up with clinical evaluation and echocardiography and NT-proBNP measurement were performed during pregnancy and 12 months postpartum. @entity1 were defined as need for an urgent invasive cardiovascular procedure, @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity8 events, @entity4 , @entity9 , @entity2 , @entity6 , and @entity10 . RESULTS: @entity1 were observed after 11 pregnancies (6.4%). @entity0 with @entity1 had significant higher NT-proBNP values at 20-week gestation (191 [137-288] vs 102.5 [57-167]; P = .049) and 1-year postpartum compared with @entity0 without @entity1 (306 [129-592] vs 105 [54-187] pg/mL; P = .014). @entity0 with @entity1 during pregnancy were at higher risk for late @entity1 (HR 7.1; 95% CI 2.0-25.3; P = .003). In @entity0 with @entity1 during pregnancy, subpulmonary end-diastolic diameter had significantly increased 1-year postpartum (39.0 [36.0-48.0] to 44.0 [40.0-50.0]; P = .028). No other significant differences were found in cardiac function or size 1-year postpartum compared with preconception values. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 are relatively rare 1 year after pregnancy in @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity0 with @entity1 during pregnancy are prone to develop @entity1 1-year postpartum and have increased subpulmonary ventricular diameter compared with preconception values.

title: Cardiac function and cardiac events 1-year postpartum in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity7 hemimelica (DEH) is a rare disease characterized by the formation of @entity4 asymmetrically at the epiphysis of extremities, typically involving the ankle and the knee. It progresses during childhood and presents with limited range of motion, @entity1 , and @entity2 . A 9-year-old @entity0 with a 7-year history of DEH and previous @entity5 presented with acute knee @entity3 , @entity1 , and limited range of motion. A clinical, radiographic, and literature review of this case was conducted to better describe this occurrence. On the basis of clinical and radiographic analyses, loose bodies were found to be originating from @entity6 . Because of the @entity0 's symptoms, an exploratory arthroscopy was performed to further assess the formations, and the loose bodies were removed. After the procedure, the @entity0 's function and symptoms improved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a case that identifies a complication of DEH to be loose bodies with a clear etiology and acute progression of symptoms. The possibility of loose bodies should be considered when examining a @entity0 diagnosed with DEH with acute progression of symptoms. Level of evidence level IV, case report.

title: XXXX hemimelica of the knee: an unusual presentation with intra-articular loose bodies and literature review.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Myocardial @entity5 -201 kinetics and regional blood flow alterations were examined in a @entity0 model using 3 hours of @entity4 and different methods of reperfusion. Group I comprised 10 @entity0 undergoing a 3 hour left anterior descending @entity1 and no reperfusion. Group II comprised seven @entity0 undergoing 3 hours of left anterior descending @entity1 and rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel. Group III comprised 10 @entity0 undergoing 3 hours of left anterior descending @entity1 and slow reperfusion through a residual @entity2 . All @entity0 received 1.5 mCi of @entity5 -201 after 40 minutes of @entity4 . During occlusion and 2 hours of reperfusion, serial hemodynamic, blood flow and myocardial @entity5 -201 activity measurements were made. The relative @entity5 -201 gradient (normal zone minus ischemic zone activity when initial normal activity is expressed as 100%) during left anterior descending @entity4 was similar in all groups. Group I, 87 +/- 3%; Group II, 78 +/- 6%; Group III, 83 +/- 6% (p = NS). After 2 hours of either method of reperfusion, the final relative gradient had decreased to a similar level (Group II, 51 +/- 9%; Group III, 42 +/- 6%). These values were not significantly different from the final relative @entity5 -201 gradient seen in @entity0 undergoing a sustained 3 hour occlusion (Group I, 55 +/- 5%). After 2 hours of reperfusion, both methods of reflow were associated with similar degrees of "no reflow." Transmural flows in the central ischemic zone were 89 +/- 10% of normal in Group II and 71 +/- 6% of normal in Group III after reperfusion, with both flows substantially higher than the relative @entity5 -201 activities in these @entity0 . @entity3 size (percent of left ventricle) determined with @entity6 was similar in all groups (Group I, 24 +/- 4%; Group II, 29 +/- 4%; Group III, 25 +/- 4%). Thus, in this experimental @entity0 model, 3 hours of @entity4 followed by either rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel or slow reperfusion through a critical @entity2 resulted in little delayed @entity5 -201 redistribution or myocardial salvage as assessed histologically, despite significant recovery of regional flow.

title: Myocardial XXXX -201 kinetics and regional flow alterations with 3 hours of @entity4 and either rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel or slow reperfusion through a critical @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Myocardial @entity5 -201 kinetics and regional blood flow alterations were examined in a @entity0 model using 3 hours of @entity4 and different methods of reperfusion. Group I comprised 10 @entity0 undergoing a 3 hour left anterior descending @entity1 and no reperfusion. Group II comprised seven @entity0 undergoing 3 hours of left anterior descending @entity1 and rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel. Group III comprised 10 @entity0 undergoing 3 hours of left anterior descending @entity1 and slow reperfusion through a residual @entity2 . All @entity0 received 1.5 mCi of @entity5 -201 after 40 minutes of @entity4 . During occlusion and 2 hours of reperfusion, serial hemodynamic, blood flow and myocardial @entity5 -201 activity measurements were made. The relative @entity5 -201 gradient (normal zone minus ischemic zone activity when initial normal activity is expressed as 100%) during left anterior descending @entity4 was similar in all groups. Group I, 87 +/- 3%; Group II, 78 +/- 6%; Group III, 83 +/- 6% (p = NS). After 2 hours of either method of reperfusion, the final relative gradient had decreased to a similar level (Group II, 51 +/- 9%; Group III, 42 +/- 6%). These values were not significantly different from the final relative @entity5 -201 gradient seen in @entity0 undergoing a sustained 3 hour occlusion (Group I, 55 +/- 5%). After 2 hours of reperfusion, both methods of reflow were associated with similar degrees of "no reflow." Transmural flows in the central ischemic zone were 89 +/- 10% of normal in Group II and 71 +/- 6% of normal in Group III after reperfusion, with both flows substantially higher than the relative @entity5 -201 activities in these @entity0 . @entity3 size (percent of left ventricle) determined with @entity6 was similar in all groups (Group I, 24 +/- 4%; Group II, 29 +/- 4%; Group III, 25 +/- 4%). Thus, in this experimental @entity0 model, 3 hours of @entity4 followed by either rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel or slow reperfusion through a critical @entity2 resulted in little delayed @entity5 -201 redistribution or myocardial salvage as assessed histologically, despite significant recovery of regional flow.

title: Myocardial @entity5 -201 kinetics and regional flow alterations with 3 hours of @entity4 and either rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel or slow reperfusion through a critical XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Myocardial @entity5 -201 kinetics and regional blood flow alterations were examined in a @entity0 model using 3 hours of @entity4 and different methods of reperfusion. Group I comprised 10 @entity0 undergoing a 3 hour left anterior descending @entity1 and no reperfusion. Group II comprised seven @entity0 undergoing 3 hours of left anterior descending @entity1 and rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel. Group III comprised 10 @entity0 undergoing 3 hours of left anterior descending @entity1 and slow reperfusion through a residual @entity2 . All @entity0 received 1.5 mCi of @entity5 -201 after 40 minutes of @entity4 . During occlusion and 2 hours of reperfusion, serial hemodynamic, blood flow and myocardial @entity5 -201 activity measurements were made. The relative @entity5 -201 gradient (normal zone minus ischemic zone activity when initial normal activity is expressed as 100%) during left anterior descending @entity4 was similar in all groups. Group I, 87 +/- 3%; Group II, 78 +/- 6%; Group III, 83 +/- 6% (p = NS). After 2 hours of either method of reperfusion, the final relative gradient had decreased to a similar level (Group II, 51 +/- 9%; Group III, 42 +/- 6%). These values were not significantly different from the final relative @entity5 -201 gradient seen in @entity0 undergoing a sustained 3 hour occlusion (Group I, 55 +/- 5%). After 2 hours of reperfusion, both methods of reflow were associated with similar degrees of "no reflow." Transmural flows in the central ischemic zone were 89 +/- 10% of normal in Group II and 71 +/- 6% of normal in Group III after reperfusion, with both flows substantially higher than the relative @entity5 -201 activities in these @entity0 . @entity3 size (percent of left ventricle) determined with @entity6 was similar in all groups (Group I, 24 +/- 4%; Group II, 29 +/- 4%; Group III, 25 +/- 4%). Thus, in this experimental @entity0 model, 3 hours of @entity4 followed by either rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel or slow reperfusion through a critical @entity2 resulted in little delayed @entity5 -201 redistribution or myocardial salvage as assessed histologically, despite significant recovery of regional flow.

title: Myocardial @entity5 -201 kinetics and regional flow alterations with 3 hours of XXXX and either rapid reperfusion through a totally patent vessel or slow reperfusion through a critical @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The usefulness of end-systolic measures of ventricular function was compared with that of standard contractility indexes in conscious @entity1 . End-systolic relations between left ventricular pressure and volume and between pressure and wall thickness were analyzed in @entity1 previously instrumented with ultrasonic crystals. Progressive angiotensin infusions were used to generate computer-averaged pressure-volume and pressure-wall thickness loops. Both relations were linear in every study and highly reproducible. With low and high dose @entity2 , the end-systolic pressure-volume relations were significantly displaced, with @entity0 and inconsistent changes in intercept. This relation was more useful than the ejection fraction for detecting contractility increases at different afterloads, but it showed no advantage over maximal left ventricular dP/dt at all ranges of preload and afterload. The end-systolic pressure-volume relations were insensitive for detecting mild decreases in inotropic state produced by @entity3 , and maximal dP/dt was superior for detecting such mild acutely reduced contractility. The end-systolic pressure-wall thickness relations showed displacement with @entity2 , although slope and intercept changes were not significant; these relations did not detect mild decreases in contractility produced by @entity3 . It is concluded that the end-systolic pressure-volume relation and a simplified end-systolic measure using pressure and wall thickness provide sensitive, load-independent and reproducible approaches for defining acute increases in left ventricular contractility in conscious animals. Maximal dP/dt was equally effective for defining these increases in contractility and more sensitive for detecting slight acute decreases in contractility.

title: Application of end-systolic pressure-volume and pressure-wall thickness relations in conscious XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Matriptase-1 participates in terminal keratinocyte (KC) differentiation. Knockdown of matriptase-1 in skin equivalent cultures leads to impaired KC differentiation and retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. Here, we investigated the expression and regulation of matriptase-1 in psoriatic skin and in KC in vitro. @entity0 AND METHODS: Matriptase-1 expression in healthy and psoriatic skin and its regulation in skin equivalents were analyzed by Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR, and activity assays. Involvement of the nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) signaling pathway was investigated by adenoviral overexpression of a dominant-negative form of @entity4 . RESULTS: Matriptase-1 expression was detected in the stratum granulosum of healthy @entity0 skin and in skin equivalent cultures. Its expression and activity was strongly reduced in lesional skin of @entity0 with @entity3 . Addition of @entity2 to skin equivalent cultures resulted in complete loss of matriptase-1 expression accompanied by disturbed KC differentiation. Mechanistically, we were able to show that @entity2 -induced downregulation of matriptase-1 was inhibited by blocking the @entity4 /NFkB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Given that matriptase-1 participates in terminal KC differentiation, its absence in @entity1 indicates that this contributes to the barrier disturbances in this disease. Our data suggests that blocking the @entity4 /NFkB-pathway represents a potential target for the treatment of @entity3 .

title: Matriptase-1 expression is lost in @entity1 and is downregulated by XXXX in vitro.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Matriptase-1 participates in terminal keratinocyte (KC) differentiation. Knockdown of matriptase-1 in skin equivalent cultures leads to impaired KC differentiation and retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. Here, we investigated the expression and regulation of matriptase-1 in psoriatic skin and in KC in vitro. @entity0 AND METHODS: Matriptase-1 expression in healthy and psoriatic skin and its regulation in skin equivalents were analyzed by Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR, and activity assays. Involvement of the nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) signaling pathway was investigated by adenoviral overexpression of a dominant-negative form of @entity4 . RESULTS: Matriptase-1 expression was detected in the stratum granulosum of healthy @entity0 skin and in skin equivalent cultures. Its expression and activity was strongly reduced in lesional skin of @entity0 with @entity3 . Addition of @entity2 to skin equivalent cultures resulted in complete loss of matriptase-1 expression accompanied by disturbed KC differentiation. Mechanistically, we were able to show that @entity2 -induced downregulation of matriptase-1 was inhibited by blocking the @entity4 /NFkB signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Given that matriptase-1 participates in terminal KC differentiation, its absence in @entity1 indicates that this contributes to the barrier disturbances in this disease. Our data suggests that blocking the @entity4 /NFkB-pathway represents a potential target for the treatment of @entity3 .

title: Matriptase-1 expression is lost in XXXX and is downregulated by @entity2 in vitro.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 may be the source of a variety of clinical symptoms. With regard to indoor air, however, the subject will be limited to @entity2 . These are diseases which are caused and supported by allergens entering the @entity0 organism via the respiratory pathway. The fundamentals of the origin of @entity2 are briefly discussed as well as the antigen-antibody reaction and the differentiation between different @entity1 (Types I and II). In addition, the importance of repetitive infects of the upper respiratory tract for the occurrence of @entity2 of the respiratory system is pointed out. The most common @entity2 develop at the mucosae of the nose ( @entity4 ) and of the bronchiale ( @entity1 bronchiale). Their symptomatology is discussed. Out of the allergologically interesting components of indoor air the following are to be considered primarily: house dust, components of house dust (house dust mite, trogoderma angustum, tenebrio molitor), epithelia of animals, animal feeds, mildew and occupational substances. Unspecific irritants (chimico-physical irritations) which are not acting as allergens, have to be clearly separated from these most frequent allergens. As a possibility of treatment for the therapeutist and the @entity0 , there is the allergen prophylaxis, i.e. an extensive sanitation of the @entity0 's environment including elimination of the allergens and, in addition, an amelioration of the quality of the air with regard to unspecific irritants. To conclude, some socio-medical aspects of @entity3 are discussed.

title: [Indoor air and XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Back @entity1 in a pediatric @entity0 can present a worrisome and challenging diagnostic dilemma for any physician. Although most @entity2 can be attributed to muscle strains and poor mechanics, it is necessary to appreciate the full differential of etiologies causing @entity2 in the pediatric population. The physician must recognize areas of mechanical weakness in the skeletally immature spine and the sport specific forces that can predispose a @entity0 to injury. A comprehensive history involves determining the onset, chronicity, and location of the @entity1 . A focused physical exam includes a neurological exam as well as provocative testing. The combination of a thorough history and focused physical exam should guide appropriate imaging. Radiographic tests are instrumental in narrowing the differential, making a diagnosis, and uncovering associated pathology. Treatment modalities such as activity modification, heat/cold compresses, and NSAIDs can provide @entity1 relief and allow for effective physical therapy. In most cases nonoperative methods are successful in providing a safe and quick return to activities. Failure of conservative measures requires referral to an orthopedic surgeon, as surgical intervention may be warranted.

title: XXXX : more than just the pars.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Single-center studies have estimated that 4.6% to 25.8% of @entity2 are missed at endoscopy. We performed a population-based study to make a more precise estimate of factors associated with missed lesions in England. METHODS: We performed a retrospective population-based observational cohort study of 2727 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 from April 2011 through March 2012 in England, using linked records from 3 national data sets. The primary outcome was the proportion of @entity0 who had undergone endoscopy in the 3 to 36 months before a diagnosis of @entity2 . We determined this proportion for the entire cohort and for subgroups. RESULTS: Of the 2727 @entity0 in the cohort, 8.3% (95% confidence interval, 7.2%-9.3%) underwent endoscopic evaluation in the 3 to 36 months before their diagnosis of @entity2 . An endoscopy within 3 to 36 months of diagnosis was associated with a diagnosis of early stage @entity1 (stages 0 or 1, 11.5%; stage 2, 7.9%; stages 3 or 4, 6.9%; P  = .01 for stage 0 or 1 vs stage 2 or greater), younger age at diagnosis (<55 y, 13.3% vs >= 55 y, 7.8%; P  = .03), and female sex (10% of @entity0 vs 7.3% of @entity0 ; P  = .01). @entity3 were detected in 15% of endoscopies performed at any time in the 3 years before @entity1 diagnosis, and in 64% of endoscopies performed 3 to 6 months before a diagnosis of @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Based on a retrospective analysis of medical records in England, in 8.3% of @entity0 with @entity2 , their @entity1 was missed at endoscopy within the 3 previous years. A previous endoscopy detected benign gastric ulcers more frequently than any other lesion in @entity0 who later were diagnosed with @entity2 .

title: XXXX Missed During Endoscopy in England.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluated if prebiotics have benefits for the management of @entity1 in preterm neonates. METHODS: Preterm neonates were entered into the study when enteral feeding volume met 30   mL/kg/day. They randomly received a mixture of short-chain galacto-oligosacarids/long-chain fructo-oligosacarids or distilled water (placebo) for 1 week. Total serum @entity0 level was measured by transcutaneous bilirubinometry. Stool frequency and meeting full enteral feeding during the study period were considered as secondary outcomes. RESULTS: Twenty-five neonates in each group completed the trial. @entity0 level was decreased with the prebiotic (-1.3           1.8   mg/dL, p   =   0.004), but not placebo (-0.1        3.3   mg/dL, p   =   0.416). Peak @entity0 level was lower with the prebiotic than placebo (8.3        1.7 versus 10.1        2.2   mg/dL, p   =   0.003). Stool frequency was increased with the prebiotic (0.7        1.9 defecation/day, p   =   0.014), but not with placebo (0.6           1.5 defecation/day, p   =   0.133). Average stool frequency (2.4           0.4 versus 1.9        0.5 defecation/day, p   =   0.003) and frequently of meeting full enteral feeding (60% versus 16%, p   =   0.002) were higher with the prebiotic than placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Prebiotic oligosaccharides increase stool frequency, improve feeding tolerance and reduce @entity0 level in preterm neonates and therefore can be efficacious for the management of neonatal @entity1 .

title: Prebiotics for the management of XXXX in preterm neonates.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: the impact of the 2007 American Heart Association @entity2 prophylaxis guidelines on clinician practice has not been well established. Our objective was to evaluate how the American Heart Association @entity2 guidelines changed the practice of cardiologists who manage @entity1 and to ascertain the degree of practice variation among cardiologists. METHODS: a cross-sectional Web-based survey was e-mailed to Canadian (n = 134), Australian (n = 33), New Zealand (n = 9), and a random sample of American (n = 250) pediatric and adult @entity1 cardiologists in 2008. Nonrespondents received the survey 4 times by e-mail and once by regular post. RESULTS: the response rate was 55%. The lesions for which cardiologists were most evenly divided between recommending versus not recommending prophylaxis were " @entity4 of moderate severity" (45% recommended prophylaxis) and "perimembranous @entity3 ( @entity3 ) status post surgical patch closure with no residual shunt 3 months post-operatively" (54% recommended prophylaxis). The lesions for which the greatest proportion of cardiologists discontinued prophylaxis were "small muscular @entity3 , no previous @entity2 " (80% discontinued prophylaxis) and "small audible patent ductus arteriosus" (83% discontinued prophylaxis). Only 69% recommended prophylaxis for " @entity3 s/p surgical patch closure with small residual shunt" despite current guidelines recommending prophylaxis for this scenario. Twenty-eight percent of respondents felt that the new guidelines leave some @entity0 at risk, and 6% would not recounsel any low-risk @entity0 following these guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: the 2007 guidelines have resulted in a substantial change in @entity2 prophylaxis. There remains considerable heterogeneity among cardiologists regarding the prophylaxis of certain @entity1 .

title: The impact of 2007 XXXX prophylaxis guidelines on the practice of @entity1 specialists.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: the impact of the 2007 American Heart Association @entity2 prophylaxis guidelines on clinician practice has not been well established. Our objective was to evaluate how the American Heart Association @entity2 guidelines changed the practice of cardiologists who manage @entity1 and to ascertain the degree of practice variation among cardiologists. METHODS: a cross-sectional Web-based survey was e-mailed to Canadian (n = 134), Australian (n = 33), New Zealand (n = 9), and a random sample of American (n = 250) pediatric and adult @entity1 cardiologists in 2008. Nonrespondents received the survey 4 times by e-mail and once by regular post. RESULTS: the response rate was 55%. The lesions for which cardiologists were most evenly divided between recommending versus not recommending prophylaxis were " @entity4 of moderate severity" (45% recommended prophylaxis) and "perimembranous @entity3 ( @entity3 ) status post surgical patch closure with no residual shunt 3 months post-operatively" (54% recommended prophylaxis). The lesions for which the greatest proportion of cardiologists discontinued prophylaxis were "small muscular @entity3 , no previous @entity2 " (80% discontinued prophylaxis) and "small audible patent ductus arteriosus" (83% discontinued prophylaxis). Only 69% recommended prophylaxis for " @entity3 s/p surgical patch closure with small residual shunt" despite current guidelines recommending prophylaxis for this scenario. Twenty-eight percent of respondents felt that the new guidelines leave some @entity0 at risk, and 6% would not recounsel any low-risk @entity0 following these guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: the 2007 guidelines have resulted in a substantial change in @entity2 prophylaxis. There remains considerable heterogeneity among cardiologists regarding the prophylaxis of certain @entity1 .

title: The impact of 2007 @entity2 prophylaxis guidelines on the practice of XXXX specialists.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the suitability of the Wii Fit Plus exergame as a tool to improve @entity4 in individuals with @entity3 2 @entity1 . DESIGN: Experimental cross-sectional study. SETTING: Controlled laboratory. @entity0 : Twelve @entity3 2 @entity1 @entity0 (10 male and 2 female; age, 60.2    7.7 years; body mass index, 30.9    6.2 kg/m). INTERVENTIONS: At baseline, all @entity0 underwent an all-out cardiopulmonary exercise test on a treadmill to assess peak and average @entity2 consumption (V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak and V[Combining Dot Above]O2mean). Forty-eight to 72 hours after the cardiopulmonary exercise test, the same parameters were assessed during three 10-minute bouts of Wii Fit Plus exergaming and converted to percentage of treadmill V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak (%V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak and V[Combining Dot Above]O2mean during Wii Fit Plus play relative to V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak achieved during the cardiopulmonary exercise test. RESULTS: All Wii Fit Plus exercises generated a V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak of around 60% and V[Combining Dot Above]O2mean of around 40% of the V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak as established during the cardiopulmonary exercise test. Mean heart rate and resting energy expenditure (respiratory exchange ratio) lay in a range of moderate aerobic exercise. A moderate-to-strong correlation between treadmill V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak and both exergame V[Combining Dot Above]O2peak and exergame V[Combining Dot Above]O2mean was found. CONCLUSIONS: Video gaming has the potential to offer training intensities that concur with established guidelines for @entity3 2 @entity1 @entity0 . The training intensity is self-adjusting based on fitness level allowing for an effective workout for different users.

title: Cardiorespiratory Exertion While Playing Video Game Exercises in Elderly Individuals With Type 2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To clarify clinical picture of transient @entity3 state in elderly @entity0 . METHODS: The Aizawa Hospital database was searched to identify all @entity0 with transient @entity3 state with or without asterixis between April 2006 and June 2013. Medical records, brain images and laboratory data including electroencephalograms and electromyograms were reviewed. RESULTS: We found 26 @entity0 : 10 @entity0 and 16 @entity0 , and their ages ranged from 56 to 96 years (79.7  9.9 years, mean  standard deviation). The affected sites of the @entity3 were predominantly the lower face, neck and upper extremities. The @entity3 appeared at conscious resting condition, slightly exaggerated by posturing or action. Asterixis was observed in eight @entity0 . @entity6 were 1.70  0.94s long. The interval of @entity6 was 4.47  2.44s. @entity6 were composed of 9.5  2.5Hz @entity5 , and single @entity5 were 44.4  12.3ms in duration. Most of the @entity0 suffered from @entity1 , but they were basically independent in activity of daily living. Oral administration of @entity4 was effective. CONCLUSIONS: Transient @entity3 state has relatively stereotyped features. The pathophysiology may include some @entity2 on a background of age-related arteriosclerotic changes. Its prognosis is benign, and prompt oral administration of @entity4 abolishes it. Further investigations will be needed to clarify its cause and pathophysiology.

title: Clinical characteristics and etiology of transient XXXX state in the elderly.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: This randomized double-blind in vivo pilot study has evaluated the effects of a toothpaste containing @entity2 (control) versus toothpaste containing @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity4 and essential oils (experimental) in controlling @entity3 and @entity1 on probing in a sample of healthy schoolchildren. Method and Materials: In total, 48 @entity0 (8 to 10 years) were selected and randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control), using the two different toothpastes twice a day for 2 minutes each for a 4-week period. The investigation included an evaluation of plaque quantity, using the Turesky modified Quigley-Hein method, and @entity1 on probing that was recorded dichotomously. The unit of analysis was set at the gingival site level. Plaque Index and @entity1 on probing were analyzed using distribution tables and chi-square test. A generalized estimating equation was used to estimate the parameters of a generalized linear model with a possible unknown correlation between outcomes. Results: In total, 40 schoolchildren completed the trial. Considering each group separately, a statistically significant difference in plaque scores was recorded for both treatments (z-test = 9.23, P < .01 for the experimental toothpaste; and z-test = 7.47, P < .01 for the control toothpaste). Nevertheless, the effect over time was higher for the experimental toothpaste than for the control one (3.38 vs 1.96). No statistically significant results were observed regarding @entity1 on probing. Conclusion: The 4-week use of the experimental toothpaste seems to produce higher plaque reduction compared to fluoridated toothpaste without other antibacterial ingredients. This finding has to be confirmed in a larger study.

title: Effect of a toothpaste containing XXXX , @entity4 , and essential oils on gingival status in schoolchildren: A randomized clinical pilot study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective: This randomized double-blind in vivo pilot study has evaluated the effects of a toothpaste containing @entity2 (control) versus toothpaste containing @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity4 and essential oils (experimental) in controlling @entity3 and @entity1 on probing in a sample of healthy schoolchildren. Method and Materials: In total, 48 @entity0 (8 to 10 years) were selected and randomly divided into two groups (experimental and control), using the two different toothpastes twice a day for 2 minutes each for a 4-week period. The investigation included an evaluation of plaque quantity, using the Turesky modified Quigley-Hein method, and @entity1 on probing that was recorded dichotomously. The unit of analysis was set at the gingival site level. Plaque Index and @entity1 on probing were analyzed using distribution tables and chi-square test. A generalized estimating equation was used to estimate the parameters of a generalized linear model with a possible unknown correlation between outcomes. Results: In total, 40 schoolchildren completed the trial. Considering each group separately, a statistically significant difference in plaque scores was recorded for both treatments (z-test = 9.23, P < .01 for the experimental toothpaste; and z-test = 7.47, P < .01 for the control toothpaste). Nevertheless, the effect over time was higher for the experimental toothpaste than for the control one (3.38 vs 1.96). No statistically significant results were observed regarding @entity1 on probing. Conclusion: The 4-week use of the experimental toothpaste seems to produce higher plaque reduction compared to fluoridated toothpaste without other antibacterial ingredients. This finding has to be confirmed in a larger study.

title: Effect of a toothpaste containing @entity5 , XXXX , and essential oils on gingival status in schoolchildren: A randomized clinical pilot study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Although information is available on the in vitro properties of lens epithelia of young adult animals from several species, few, if any reports document the conditions required for the initiation and long-term culture of lens epithelium from animals beyond their medium life-span. We report here on the conditions required for the culture of lens cells from an 8 year old @entity0 . New Zealand White @entity0 have a median life-span of approximately 7 years. Primary culture was initiated in MEM supplemented with 10% rabbit serum. Cells reached confluency within 25 days, responded to serum in a dose dependent manner and had an average doubling time of 23 h during the logarithmic growth phase. Cells increased in number in a dose dependent manner when insulin, insulin growth factor, @entity1 ( @entity1 ), or fibroblast growth factor (FGF) was added to the culture medium. Thus, lens epithelia from this very old @entity0 retained the ability to respond to highly purified growth factors. Cells exposed to a medium supplemented with insulin, @entity1 and FGF showed a five-fold increase in number at day 7 of culture, a value exceeding that brought about by the individual growth factors. An examination of chromosomal preparations indicated that the cells were aneuploid. Whether the aneuploidy was acquired in vitro or is a normal adjunct of aging in the lens in vivo is unknown. Proteins extracted from this line contained polypeptides that migrated to the position of and had apparent molecular weights of lens proteins.

title: Establishment and characterization of a lens epithelial cell line from an eight year old XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 are often associated with dry skin and loss of epidermal barrier integrity. In this study, repeated application of @entity5 and @entity6 followed by water (AEW) to the cheek skin of @entity0 produced persistent scratching behavior with no increase in @entity3 , indicating the generation of itch without @entity3 . Cheek skin immunohistochemistry showed a 64.5% increase in total epidermal innervation in AEW-treated @entity0 compared to water-treated controls. This increase was independent of scratching, because @entity0 prevented from scratching by Elizabethan collars showed similar hyperinnervation. To determine the effects of dry skin treatment on specific subsets of peripheral fibers, we examined Ret-positive, @entity8 ( @entity8 )-positive, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor a3 ( @entity7 )-positive intraepidermal fiber density. AEW treatment increased Ret-positive fibers but not @entity8 -positive or @entity7 -positive fibers, suggesting that a specific subset of nonpeptidergic fibers could contribute to dry skin itch. To test whether trigeminal ganglion neurons innervating the cheek exhibited altered excitability after AEW treatment, primary cultures of retrogradely labeled neurons were examined using whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology. AEW treatment produced no differences in measures of excitability compared to water-treated controls. In contrast, a significantly higher proportion of trigeminal ganglion neurons was responsive to the nonhistaminergic pruritogen @entity4 after AEW treatment. We conclude that nonpeptidergic, Ret-positive fibers and @entity4 -sensitive neurons may contribute to dry skin @entity2 . PERSPECTIVE: This study examines the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of persistent dry skin itch. Our results indicate that nonpeptidergic epidermal hyperinnervation and nonhistaminergic pruritic receptors are potential targets for chronic @entity2 .

title: Enhanced nonpeptidergic intraepidermal fiber density and an expanded subset of XXXX -responsive trigeminal neurons in a @entity0 model of dry skin itch.

answer: @entity4