abstract: UNASSIGNED: Galectins play crucial roles in innate immune responses in invertebrate by recognizing and eliminating microinvaders. In this study, a cDNA encoding a galectin in the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was identified and characterized. A recombinant variant of this lectin, rLvgalectin, was expressed in the model organism @entity1 and its expression was confirmed by Western blot. Biochemical assays indicated that the recombinant protein antibacterial rLvgalectin activity and was expressed in all of the organism's tested tissues Injection of the bacterium @entity3 into @entity2 induced hemocytes upregulation of Lvgalectin. The recombinant Lvgalectin protein (rLvgalectin) could bind various microorganism including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and @entity0 . And it revealed antimicrobial activity against the test Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, but did not inhibit the growth of fungus @entity1 . Moreover, rLvgalectin could significantly enhance the clearance activity of @entity3 in vivo. In vivo challenge experiments showed that the recombinant rLvgalectin protein can significantly reduce the mortalities of @entity3 injection. Furthermore, Compared to their wild-type counterparts, Lvgalectin-silenced shrimp exhibited increased mortality and hemocyte apoptosis, decreased bacterial clearance ability and total hemocyte counts, and stronger expression of Lvp53, LvproPO, LvPEN3, and LvCrustin following @entity3 challenge. Taken together, these results suggest that galectin is important in the innate immune response of shrimp to pathogens infection.

title: Molecular cloning, expression of a galectin gene in @entity2 XXXX and the antibacterial activity of its recombinant protein.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Compare the safety and effectiveness of continuation antidepressant versus mood stabilizer monotherapy for preventing @entity1 in @entity0 . METHODS: Subjects >= 18 years old with @entity0 (n=129) were randomized to double-blind @entity2 or @entity3 monotherapy for 12 weeks. Responders with a >= 50% reduction in @entity1 score were continued for an additional 6 months of relapse-prevention monotherapy. Primary outcome was @entity1 during continuation monotherapy. Secondary outcomes included sustained response rate from initiation of treatment to study end-point, relapse hazard, time to relapse, change in @entity0 ratings, and frequency of treatment-emergent sub-syndromal hypomania and/or @entity1 episodes. RESULTS: @entity2 produced greater sustained response rate versus @entity3 (p<0.0001); however, there was no difference in relapse rate for @entity2 (7.5%) versus @entity3 (26.7%) (p=0.079); relapse hazard (p=0.073), or time to relapse (p=0.090) between treatment conditions during continuation monotherapy. There were no group differences in @entity0 rating scores over time and no difference in frequency or duration of @entity4 . There were more sub-syndromal @entity1 episodes during @entity3 monotherapy (p=0.03). LIMITATIONS: Sample size was limited by the lower sustained response rate for @entity3 versus @entity2 ; study was not specifically powered to detect differences in treatment-emergent hypomanic or @entity1 episodes between groups. CONCLUSION: Results suggest that continuation @entity2 monotherapy may provide similar prophylactic effectiveness relative to @entity3 , with no difference in treatment-emergent hypomanic episodes and without the need for frequent serum @entity3 level and metabolic monitoring. Larger, prospective trials are needed to confirm these observations.

title: Safety and effectiveness of continuation antidepressant versus mood stabilizer monotherapy for relapse-prevention of XXXX : A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, prospective study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and severity of visual function loss in female carriers of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). DESIGN: Case series. @entity0 : Two hundred seventy-six @entity4 carriers with cross-sectional data (n  = 242) and longitudinal data (n  = 34; median follow-up, 16 years; follow-up range, 3-37 years). Half of the carriers were from @entity3 - or @entity5 -genotyped families. METHODS: Retrospective medical records review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuities, @entity1 , final dark adaptation thresholds, and full-field electroretinography (ERG) responses to 0.5-Hz and 30-Hz flashes. RESULTS: In genotyped families, 40% of carriers showed a baseline abnormality on at least 1 of 3 psychophysical tests. There was a wide range of function among carriers. For example, 3 of 121 (2%) genotyped carriers were @entity1 , some as young as 35 years. Visual fields were less affected than visual acuity. In all carriers, the average ERG amplitude to 30-Hz flashes was approximately 50% of normal, and the average exponential rate of amplitude loss over time was half that of @entity4 males (3.7%/year vs. 7.4%/year, respectively). Among obligate carriers with affected fathers, sons, or both, 53 of 55 (96%) had abnormal baseline ERG results. Some carriers who initially had completely normal fundi in both eyes went on to experience moderately @entity1 , although not @entity2 . Among carriers with @entity3 mutations, those with mutations in @entity3 , compared with those in exons 1-14, had worse final dark adaptation thresholds and lower 0.5-Hz and 30-Hz ERG amplitudes. CONCLUSIONS: Most carriers of @entity4 had mildly or moderately reduced visual function but rarely became @entity2 . In most cases, obligate carriers could be identified by ERG testing. Carriers of @entity3 @entity3 mutations tended to have worse visual function than carriers of @entity3 exon 1 through 14 mutations. Because @entity4 carrier ERG amplitudes and decay rates over time were on average half of those of affected @entity0 , these observations were consistent with the Lyon hypothesis of random X-inactivation.

title: Visual Function in Carriers of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Functional @entity1 is a common clinical complaint of @entity0 with unsatisfactory treatment outcome. We designed this study to evaluate the efficiency of a traditional herbal preparation (Lax-Asab) in treating chronic @entity1 . In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, @entity0 with chronic @entity1 (n  =  48) were randomly selected to receive either the Lax-Asab powder (n  =  24) or placebo (n  =  24) on alternative days for 4 weeks. The Lax-Asab powder contains equal amounts of Cassia angustifolia Vahl. ( xi   y   f  n xi   y  ), Mentha piperita L. ( h   ji  o b   h  ), Zingiber officinale Rosc. ( sh  ng ji  ng), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. ( g  n c  o). A total of 40 @entity0 completed the study. We determined the severity of @entity1 based on defecation frequency (per week) and defecation difficulties. Of the total of 48 @entity0 who participated, 40 completed the trial [24 @entity0 (60%), mean age, 21.0      4.2 years; 16 @entity0 (40%), mean age, 20.1      4.3 years]. The mean of weekly defecation frequency increased in both groups; from 1.8      0.41 to 4.8      1.12 times in @entity0 who received Lax-Asab and from 1.7      0.44 to 2.2      0.61 times in @entity0 who received placebo. A time-treatment interaction showed that this increase was significantly higher in the intervention group. Defecation difficulties improved significantly more in @entity0 who received Lax-Asab than @entity0 who received placebo. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with regard to the side effects observed. This study confirms the efficacy and tolerability of an Iranian herbal preparation, Lax-Asab, in treating @entity0 with chronic functional @entity1 .

title: Efficacy of an Iranian herbal preparation (Lax-Asab) in treating functional XXXX : A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Highlighted the spectrum of @entity0 in asymptomatic population by Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) and developed a surrogation of expensive CTA to early detect @entity0 . METHODS: Three hundred and seven self-referred urban Han Chinese asymptomatic individuals underwent coronary CTA were consecutively enrolled. Total plaque score (TPS), Segment @entity2 score (SSS) and @entity0 severity (CADS) were used to measure and illustrate the spectrum of @entity1 burden by mapping their incidence and proportion onto coronary artery tree. Logistic regression model was further used to explore the association between lipid biomarkers and TPS (SSS) for developing a surrogation of CTA to early detect @entity0 . RESULTS: We found that the incidence of TPS, SSS and CADS were up to 71.34%, 68.08%, and 71.34%; and high-risk individuals reached up to 11.07%, 15.31% and 16.29% respectively. All TPS, SSS and CADS were much higher in male than female, and have trend of increasing with age. The most lesion segment emerged on proximal @entity3 , followed by proximal RCA, mid @entity3 , proximal LCX, and mid RCA with mixed plaque as dominant. HDL-C was a predictor to both TPS [OR: 0.12 (0.02-0.82)] and SSS [OR: 0.15 (0.03-0.76)], and could identify the serious @entity1 subjects of TPS or SSS score >5 (AUC 0.73 and 0.70). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 plaque burden was about one in ten as high-risk individuals in this specific urban Han Chinese population. As potential surrogation of CTA, HDL-C was recognized as a significant predictor to @entity1 burden and revealed a good performance for identifying high-risk individuals.

title: Insight into the Spectrum of XXXX in Asymptomatic Urban Han Chinese Population by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Trauma Specific (AAQ- @entity4 ) is a self-report measure designed to assess- @entity0 -related psychological (in)flexibility, as conceptualized in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. However, there are no studies to date regarding its psychometric properties. This study explores such properties in the Portuguese version of the AAQ- @entity4 , in Portuguese Colonial War Veterans. METHOD: A Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was conducted in a sample from the general population of war Veterans (N=371). Confirmatory Factor Analysis ( @entity5 ) as well as reliability and convergent validity studies were performed in a different sample from the same population (N=312). For the discriminant validity a clinical sample with a war-related @entity3 (N=42) and a non-clinical sample without @entity3 (N=44) were used. RESULTS: The @entity5 suggested a re-specified 15-item model with good global adjustment and factorial validity. The AAQ- @entity4 showed internal consistency, a good temporal reliability, convergent validity with psychopathological symptoms (related to @entity3 , @entity1 , @entity2 and stress) and peritraumatic dissociation (altered awareness and depersonalization/derealization). The questionnaire also discriminates between war Veterans with and without a @entity3 diagnosis. LIMITATIONS: The major limitation relates to the samples' characteristics and sampling methods, which can limit the generalization of results. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version of the AAQ- @entity4 is a reliable and valid measure to assess experiential avoidance related to @entity0 in Portuguese Colonial War Veterans.

title: Psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Trauma Specific (AAQ- XXXX ): A study with Portuguese Colonial War Veterans.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the gold standard in evaluation of the biliary tree for @entity1 . Formal indications for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in suspected @entity1 are lacking. Our objective was to determine if MRCP affects management of @entity0 who otherwise would undergo ERCP. A review was conducted of all MRCPs and ERCPs at our institution from 2008 to 2012 with suspected @entity1 . @entity0 who underwent MRCP and ERCP were compared with those who underwent ERCP alone. Demographic data were collected and notation of whether a post-MRCP ERCP occurred was the primary variable. MRCP was performed in 107 @entity0 for @entity1 . Eighty-eight @entity0 were negative for @entity1 (82%) and 76 were discharged without ERCP (71%). Thirty-one @entity0 received a diagnosis of @entity1 and were referred for ERCP. Of the 19 @entity0 with MRCP-diagnosed common bile duct stones, 95 per cent were confirmed by ERCP (odds ratio 18.0, P < 0.05; agreement 77%, sensitivity 0.76, specificity 0.86, positive predictive value 0.95, negative predictive value 0.50). Length of stay was similar for all groups. A total of 131 @entity0 underwent ERCP without a preprocedural MRCP. @entity1 was found in 116 @entity0 (92%), whereas 12 @entity0 (9%) had no common bile duct stones and three had an alternate diagnosis. In conclusion, MRCP significantly affected the management of @entity0 who would have undergone ERCP. MRCP did not increase length of stay and contributed to the 95 per cent positivity rate of subsequent ERCPs. These data illustrate the utility of MRCP in suspected @entity1 @entity0 at a low cost with regard to risk and time.

title: The Role of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography in the Diagnosis of XXXX : Do Benefits Outweigh the Costs?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are promising vehicles for delivery of a variety of medicinal compounds, including antigens and cytokines. It has also been established that @entity2 are able to deliver cDNA to host cells. To increase the efficiency of @entity2 -driven DNA delivery we have constructed @entity1 strains targeting DEC-205, which is a receptor located at the surface of dendritic cells (DCs). The purpose was to increase uptake of bacterial cells, which could lead to improved cDNA delivery to immune cells. RESULTS: Anti-DEC-205 antibody (aDec) was displayed at the surface of @entity1 using three different anchoring strategies: (1) covalent anchoring of aDec to the cell membrane (Lipobox domain, Lip); (2) covalent anchoring to the cell wall (LPXTG domain, CWA); (3) non-covalent anchoring to the cell wall (LysM domain, LysM). aDec was successfully expressed in all three strains, but surface location of the antibody could only be demonstrated for the two strains with cell wall anchors (CWA and LysM). Co-incubation of the engineered strains and DCs showed increased uptake when anchoring aDec using the CWA or LysM anchors. In a competition assay, free anti-DEC abolished the increased uptake, showing that the internalization is due to specific interactions between the DEC-205 receptor and aDec. To test plasmid transfer, a plasmid for expression of GFP under control of an eukaryotic promoter was transformed into the aDec expressing strains and GFP expression in DCs was indeed increased when using the strains producing cell-wall anchored aDec. Plasmid transfer to DCs in the gastro intestinal tract was also detected using a @entity0 model. Surprisingly, in @entity0 the highest expression of GFP was observed for the strain in which aDec was coupled to the cell membrane. CONCLUSION: The results show that surface expression of aDec leads to increased internalization of @entity1 and plasmid transfer in DCs and that efficiency depends on the type of anchor used. Interestingly, in vitro data indicates that cell wall anchoring is more effective, whereas in vivo data seem to indicate that anchoring to the cell membrane is preferable. It is likely that the more embedded localization of aDec in the latter case is favorable when cells are exposed to the harsh conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract.

title: Surface display of an anti-DEC-205 single chain Fv fragment in XXXX increases internalization and plasmid transfer to dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was used in the treatment of 33 @entity0 with @entity3 and 13 @entity0 with @entity4 involving extensive segments of the skin surface. Twenty-two of 23 had @entity2 as a primary manifestation of @entity3 (primary @entity3 ) and 11 developed @entity1 following disseminated @entity3 (secondary cutaneous @entity3 ). A once weekly fractionation scheme was employed to irradiate the entire skin surface with 3.5 to 4 MeV electron beam from a 6 MeV linear accelerator. During each weekly session, 400 rad were delivered to the entire skin and a complete course consisted of 4-6 consecutive weekly sessions. The majority of @entity0 have been previously treated elsewhere for various periods and all @entity0 have been at risk for a median of 12 months, range from 12-117 months following @entity2 . Striking predominance of the diffuse pattern (76%) was demonstrated in both the @entity5 and SCL. There was extracutaneous involvement in 63% (13/22) of the @entity5 , nodal or visceral at onset of @entity2 ; median follow-up was 24 months, range 6-117 months; 20/22 (90%) of all @entity0 obtained prompt relief of symptoms and complete regression of @entity1 . Duration of cutaneous remission ranged from 6-96 months, median 18 months; in general, duration was adversely influenced by the presence of visceral involvement at onset of @entity2 . Although cutaneous response among the @entity0 with SCL and @entity4 was equally good, many of these @entity0 were treated for palliation because of rapid progression of their disease. Once weekly treatments were highly effective, well-tolerated and no untoward immediate or late effects have been noted in the bone marrow or normal skin irradiated.

title: @entity2 for @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was used in the treatment of 33 @entity0 with @entity3 and 13 @entity0 with @entity4 involving extensive segments of the skin surface. Twenty-two of 23 had @entity2 as a primary manifestation of @entity3 (primary @entity3 ) and 11 developed @entity1 following disseminated @entity3 (secondary cutaneous @entity3 ). A once weekly fractionation scheme was employed to irradiate the entire skin surface with 3.5 to 4 MeV electron beam from a 6 MeV linear accelerator. During each weekly session, 400 rad were delivered to the entire skin and a complete course consisted of 4-6 consecutive weekly sessions. The majority of @entity0 have been previously treated elsewhere for various periods and all @entity0 have been at risk for a median of 12 months, range from 12-117 months following @entity2 . Striking predominance of the diffuse pattern (76%) was demonstrated in both the @entity5 and SCL. There was extracutaneous involvement in 63% (13/22) of the @entity5 , nodal or visceral at onset of @entity2 ; median follow-up was 24 months, range 6-117 months; 20/22 (90%) of all @entity0 obtained prompt relief of symptoms and complete regression of @entity1 . Duration of cutaneous remission ranged from 6-96 months, median 18 months; in general, duration was adversely influenced by the presence of visceral involvement at onset of @entity2 . Although cutaneous response among the @entity0 with SCL and @entity4 was equally good, many of these @entity0 were treated for palliation because of rapid progression of their disease. Once weekly treatments were highly effective, well-tolerated and no untoward immediate or late effects have been noted in the bone marrow or normal skin irradiated.

title: @entity2 for XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was used in the treatment of 33 @entity0 with @entity3 and 13 @entity0 with @entity4 involving extensive segments of the skin surface. Twenty-two of 23 had @entity2 as a primary manifestation of @entity3 (primary @entity3 ) and 11 developed @entity1 following disseminated @entity3 (secondary cutaneous @entity3 ). A once weekly fractionation scheme was employed to irradiate the entire skin surface with 3.5 to 4 MeV electron beam from a 6 MeV linear accelerator. During each weekly session, 400 rad were delivered to the entire skin and a complete course consisted of 4-6 consecutive weekly sessions. The majority of @entity0 have been previously treated elsewhere for various periods and all @entity0 have been at risk for a median of 12 months, range from 12-117 months following @entity2 . Striking predominance of the diffuse pattern (76%) was demonstrated in both the @entity5 and SCL. There was extracutaneous involvement in 63% (13/22) of the @entity5 , nodal or visceral at onset of @entity2 ; median follow-up was 24 months, range 6-117 months; 20/22 (90%) of all @entity0 obtained prompt relief of symptoms and complete regression of @entity1 . Duration of cutaneous remission ranged from 6-96 months, median 18 months; in general, duration was adversely influenced by the presence of visceral involvement at onset of @entity2 . Although cutaneous response among the @entity0 with SCL and @entity4 was equally good, many of these @entity0 were treated for palliation because of rapid progression of their disease. Once weekly treatments were highly effective, well-tolerated and no untoward immediate or late effects have been noted in the bone marrow or normal skin irradiated.

title: XXXX for @entity3 and @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The study analyses the performances of FRAX algorithm and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) tool in relationship to the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) categorization to identify @entity0 at risk of @entity1 during menopause and to reach new thresholds for recommending the first DXA examination. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. @entity0 AND MEASUREMENTS: Two hundred eighty-two postmenopausal @entity0 filled out a questionnaire which determined their FRAX index and performed a bone evaluation by QUS of the calcaneus to determine their stiffness index (SI). Thereafter, they underwent assessments by the gold-standard DXA bone examination. RESULTS: Statistically significant correlations were observed between FRAX (calculated without @entity3 ) and both QUS and DXA diagnosis. FRAX mean indices of risk corresponding to the diagnosis of @entity1 by QUS and DXA were similar. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that both FRAX and QUS tests were sufficiently accurate in predicting the alteration of bone mineral composition. The ROC curves of QUS allowed us to identify, in our population, SI cutoff for normal @entity0 (SI  >  90.5) and for @entity0 having @entity1 (SI  <  78.5). We selected a cutoff screening value from FRAX ROC curve for major clinical @entity2 (2.94). The following diagnostic algorithm demonstrated that the use of FRAX test alone has a sensitivity of 85.3  % and a specificity of 33.8  % while the use of QUS exam alone showed a sensitivity of 81.3  % and a specificity of 45.1  %. When considering the capacity of QUS exam in combination with FRAX test, the final algorithm showed a sensitivity of 69.4  % and a specificity of 57.7  %. CONCLUSIONS: The use of QUS test with adjusted cutoffs offers a similar performance to the FRAX test alone in terms of sensitivity. The combined use of the tests reduces the sensibility but increases the specificity and adds clinical information related to the bone status of the @entity0 .

title: A non-invasive prevention program model for the assessment of XXXX in the early postmenopausal period: a pilot study on FRAX(  ) and QUS tools advantages.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting @entity4 ( @entity4 ), cause-specific survival (CSS), progression-free survival (PFS), and survival among @entity0 undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for stage-1 @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 1997 and May 2013, 68 @entity0 diagnosed with stage-1 @entity5 were retrospectively evaluated. The median age was 39 (24-74) years. All @entity0 received adjuvant RT after inguinal orchiectomy. Fifty-eight (85.3%) @entity0 received paraaortic RT; 10 (14.7%) received @entity3 -leg field RT. The median RT dose was 23.4 (23.4-30.6) Gy. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 77.5 (6.7-198.5) months. During the follow-up period, two @entity0 developed distant @entity1 , and none developed local recurrence. Two @entity0 died from @entity5 , and three died for other reasons. The 5, 10, and 15-year @entity4 rates were 94.7%, 89.6%, and 89.6%, respectively. The 5, 10, and 15-year CSS rates were 98.5%, 96%, and 96%, respectively. The 5, 10, and 15-year PFS rate was 96.1%. The univariate analysis showed that only histological subtype was significant for @entity4 . The 10-year survival rate was 100% among @entity0 with @entity5 histology, 90.8% among @entity0 with a classic @entity5 histology, and 50% among @entity0 with an @entity5 histology (P < 0.001). A multivariate analysis showed that the @entity5 was a negative prognostic indicator for @entity4 (P = 0.042). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant RT resulted in excellent long-term survival and local control in @entity0 with stage-1 @entity5 after orchiectomy. During a short follow-up, secondary malignancy (SM) and late @entity2 were not observed. Despite those results, concern of SM and late @entity2 remains.

title: Adjuvant radiotherapy in stage 1 XXXX : Evaluation of prognostic factors and results of survival.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of @entity1 involves Whipple surgery, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Postoperative radiotherapy is particularly useful in managing high-risk @entity0 ( @entity1 involving the pancreas, poorly differentiated histology, involved lymph nodes and positive margins). Here, we review our results of treatment of 84 @entity0 treated by surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 84 @entity0 of @entity1 treated in our department between January 2007 and December 2012 was carried out. All @entity0 underwent Whipples surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy 45-50 Gy/25-28 number in those presenting with high-risk features. Radiotherapy was delivered using three-dimensional conformal technique with 6 MV photons using three field treatment plans. Chemotherapy was given for 6 cycles using @entity4 and @entity6 regimen repeated 2 weekly. RESULTS: Eighty four postoperative @entity0 with high-risk features were available for the final analysis. There were 69 males and 15 female @entity0 . There were 34.5% stage I, 57.1% stage II and 8.3% stage III @entity0 . At end of adjuvant treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy 70% @entity0 had a complete response, 7.5% had @entity2 , 15% showed @entity3 , 5% were dead and 2.5% defaulted the treatment. The mean number of chemotherapy cycles received was 2.6. At 1 year follow-up the probability of disease free survival was 80% for node-negative @entity0 versus 73% for node-positive disease (P = 0.27). @entity0 with stage up to IIA had a 1 year disease free survival of 83% versus 40% for @entity0 with stage beyond IIA (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed a trend favoring lymph node negative status with disease free survival. With computed tomography based planning, adequate delineation of draining nodes is possible, and @entity5 has significantly decreased. Adequate coverage of nodal basins during radiotherapy planning is important, and stage of the disease seems to be an important prognostic factor.

title: Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in XXXX - Where does it stand with conformal radiotherapy: A single institution experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: Emerging adults, or those between ages 18 and 25, are at increased risk for mental health problems as they transition into adult roles and relationships. These risks are magnified when a parent has suffered with @entity1 during that emerging adult's upbringing. Studies examining @entity0 of @entity1 parents tend to focus on samples under the age of 18 when @entity0 have yet to develop abstract thinking (e.g. improved reasoning skills, greater understanding of life experiences) and have had less time to reflect on their own experience. It has been difficult to decipher the most important elements experienced by these @entity0 and the impact on emerging adult outcomes and most studies lack theory guiding the work. Some evidence suggests that they encounter a form of loss. This study is unique in that the retrospective experience of emerging adults who grew up with a @entity1 parent was examined using variables based on propositions from Ambiguous Loss Theory and the impact on current psychosocial well-being. ABSTRACT: A parent who is @entity1 is physically present, but may be psychologically absent, or different to their @entity0 . Changes in the parent- @entity0 relationship, feelings of loss, and increased stress can occur for the @entity0 . These factors can impair psychosocial well-being throughout the @entity0 's upbringing, and the effects might impact that @entity0 the most in their transition to adulthood. The aim of this exploratory study was to examine factors experienced while growing up with a @entity1 parent that might contribute to the current psychosocial well-being of emerging adults (individuals between the ages of 18 and 25) using ambiguous loss theory as a theoretical lens. A cross-sectional, correlational design with multiple regression analysis was used to examine relationships between emerging adults' (n = 120) perceptions of retrospective duration and understanding of parent's @entity1 , caregiving, stress, social support, hope, and boundary ambiguity and current psychosocial well-being. Experiencing hope, stress, and then the length of parent's @entity1 during their upbringing were the most predictive variables for emerging adult psychosocial well-being. Findings from this study will help mental health professionals better understand factors contributing to outcomes for this population. The knowledge to be gained is important for developing or refining age and developmentally appropriate interventions aimed at improving outcomes of adult @entity0 of @entity1 parents.

title: A cross-sectional survey of the effect on emerging adults living with a XXXX parent.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about @entity2 @entity0 ' ability to adhere to behavioural interventions promoting a change in diet and physical activity. This review aimed to examine health behaviour intervention programmes promoting change in diet and/or physical activity in @entity1 @entity0 and characterise interventions to which this @entity0 group are most likely to adhere. METHODS: Searches of eight databases were restricted to English language publications 2000-2014. Reference lists of relevant articles were also reviewed. All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of diet and physical activity interventions in @entity2 @entity0 were included. Eligibility and quality were assessed and data were extracted by two reviewers. Data extraction comprised type, intensity, provider, mode and location of delivery of the intervention and data to enable calculation of four adherence outcomes. Data were subject to narrative analysis. RESULTS: Five RCTs with a total of 1932 @entity0 met the inclusion criteria. Adherence to the goals of the intervention ranged from 18 to 86  % for diet and 13 to 47  % for physical activity. Diet interventions achieving   >=    50  % adherence to the goals of the intervention were clinic based, grounded in cognitive theory, delivered one to one and encouraged social support. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this review indicate that behavioural interventions can encourage @entity2 @entity0 to improve their diet. This review was not however able to clearly characterise effective interventions promoting increased physical activity in this @entity0 group. Further research is required to establish effective interventions to promote adherence to physical activity in this population.

title: Enhancing adherence in trials promoting change in diet and physical activity in individuals with a diagnosis of XXXX ; a systematic review of behavioural intervention approaches.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines is frequently associated with severe clinical manifestations in @entity0 infected with @entity5 . Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved small non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in different inflammatory conditions. METHODS: We studied the circulating and miRNA profiles in @entity9 A/H1N1 @entity0 , A/H1N1 @entity0 with milder disease, asymptomatic housemates and healthy controls. Cytokine, chemokine and growth factors that were potential targets of differentially expressed miRNAs were assessed. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and interactome analysis of these miRNAs were also performed. RESULTS: @entity9 @entity0 exhibited a significant over-expression of circulating @entity11 (p<0.005) when compared to @entity0 with milder disease. @entity15 , @entity10 and @entity16 were differentially expressed in @entity0 with severe A/H1N1 disease whereas @entity13 , @entity12 and @entity14 were downregulated in individuals exposed to the A/H1N1 virus. Significant correlations (p<0.05) between circulating levels of @entity11 with @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity1 and @entity8 were detected, particularly in @entity9 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The up-regulation of @entity11 is associated with poorer outcomes of A/H1N1 infection. The differential expression of miRNAs related with immune processes in severe A/H1N1 disease supports the potential role of these miRNAs as biomarkers of disease progression.

title: Circulating levels of XXXX are associated with poorer outcomes of A/H1N1 infection.

answer: @entity11


abstract: RATIONALE: Allogeneic mesenchymal precursor cells (MPCs) have been effective in large animal models of @entity1 and non- @entity1 @entity5 ( @entity5 ). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of 3 doses (25, 75, or 150 million [M] cells) of immunoselected allogeneic MPCs in chronic @entity5 @entity0 in a phase 2 trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: We sequentially allocated 60 @entity0 to a dosing cohort (20 per dose-group) and randomized them to transendocardial MPC injections (n=15) or mock procedures (n=5). The primary objective was safety, including antibody testing. Secondary efficacy endpoints included major adverse @entity3 (MACE; @entity2 , @entity4 , or revascularization), left ventricular imaging, and other clinical-event surrogates. Safety and MACE were evaluated for up to 3 years. MPC injections were feasible and safe. Adverse events were similar across groups. No clinically symptomatic immune responses were noted. MACE was seen in 15 @entity0 : 10/45 (22%) MPC-treated and 5/15 (33%) control @entity0 . We found no differences between MPC-treated and control @entity0 in survival probability, MACE-free probability, and all-cause mortality. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of @entity5 -related MACE ( @entity5 hospitalization, successfully resuscitated @entity2 , or @entity2 ); events were significantly reduced in the 150M group (0/15) versus control (5/15;33%), 25M (3/15;20%), and 75M (6/15;40%); the 150M group differed significantly from all groups according to Kaplan-Meyer statistics over 3 years (P=0.025 for 150M vs control). CONCLUSIONS: Transendocardial injections of allogeneic MPCs were feasible and safe in chronic @entity5 @entity0 . High-dose allogeneic MPCs may provide benefits in this population.

title: A Phase II Dose-Escalation Study of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Precursor Cells in @entity0 With XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: RATIONALE: Allogeneic mesenchymal precursor cells (MPCs) have been effective in large animal models of @entity1 and non- @entity1 @entity5 ( @entity5 ). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of 3 doses (25, 75, or 150 million [M] cells) of immunoselected allogeneic MPCs in chronic @entity5 @entity0 in a phase 2 trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: We sequentially allocated 60 @entity0 to a dosing cohort (20 per dose-group) and randomized them to transendocardial MPC injections (n=15) or mock procedures (n=5). The primary objective was safety, including antibody testing. Secondary efficacy endpoints included major adverse @entity3 (MACE; @entity2 , @entity4 , or revascularization), left ventricular imaging, and other clinical-event surrogates. Safety and MACE were evaluated for up to 3 years. MPC injections were feasible and safe. Adverse events were similar across groups. No clinically symptomatic immune responses were noted. MACE was seen in 15 @entity0 : 10/45 (22%) MPC-treated and 5/15 (33%) control @entity0 . We found no differences between MPC-treated and control @entity0 in survival probability, MACE-free probability, and all-cause mortality. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of @entity5 -related MACE ( @entity5 hospitalization, successfully resuscitated @entity2 , or @entity2 ); events were significantly reduced in the 150M group (0/15) versus control (5/15;33%), 25M (3/15;20%), and 75M (6/15;40%); the 150M group differed significantly from all groups according to Kaplan-Meyer statistics over 3 years (P=0.025 for 150M vs control). CONCLUSIONS: Transendocardial injections of allogeneic MPCs were feasible and safe in chronic @entity5 @entity0 . High-dose allogeneic MPCs may provide benefits in this population.

title: A Phase II Dose-Escalation Study of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Precursor Cells in XXXX With @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity3 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity1 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity3 per hives from five @entity4 and three @entity0 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity3 @entity1 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity3 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity1 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity2 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity1 . Our results show that @entity1 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between @entity4 and non- @entity4 XXXX ( @entity3 L.) hives.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity3 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity1 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity3 per hives from five @entity4 and three @entity0 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity3 @entity1 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity3 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity1 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity2 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity1 . Our results show that @entity1 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between @entity4 and non- @entity4 @entity3 ( XXXX L.) hives.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity3 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity1 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity3 per hives from five @entity4 and three @entity0 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity3 @entity1 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity3 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity1 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity2 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity1 . Our results show that @entity1 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between XXXX and non- @entity4 @entity3 ( @entity3 L.) hives.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in @entity3 . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of @entity1 is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 @entity3 per hives from five @entity4 and three @entity0 . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in @entity3 @entity1 . The genes identified, and especially their location in the @entity3 genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the @entity1 described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or @entity2 binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the @entity1 . Our results show that @entity1 relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.

title: Differential gene expression between @entity4 and non- XXXX @entity3 ( @entity3 L.) hives.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity2 ( @entity7 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity8 ( @entity11 and @entity4 ) on serum @entity7 levels and their ratios in @entity0 with @entity3 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity0 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity11 or 2  mg/day of @entity4 . Serum @entity7 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity11 was used to treat 23 @entity0 , and the remaining 23 @entity0 were treated using @entity4 . Serum @entity5 ( @entity6 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity11 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity4 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity9 ( @entity10 ) and @entity1 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity10 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity6 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity11 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity4 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity11 and @entity4 decreased serum @entity6 levels and the @entity6 /AA ratio in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: @entity8 treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 XXXX ratio in @entity0 with @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity2 ( @entity7 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity8 ( @entity11 and @entity4 ) on serum @entity7 levels and their ratios in @entity0 with @entity3 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity0 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity11 or 2  mg/day of @entity4 . Serum @entity7 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity11 was used to treat 23 @entity0 , and the remaining 23 @entity0 were treated using @entity4 . Serum @entity5 ( @entity6 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity11 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity4 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity9 ( @entity10 ) and @entity1 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity10 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity6 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity11 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity4 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity11 and @entity4 decreased serum @entity6 levels and the @entity6 /AA ratio in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: @entity8 treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 @entity2 ratio in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity2 ( @entity7 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity8 ( @entity11 and @entity4 ) on serum @entity7 levels and their ratios in @entity0 with @entity3 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity0 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity11 or 2  mg/day of @entity4 . Serum @entity7 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity11 was used to treat 23 @entity0 , and the remaining 23 @entity0 were treated using @entity4 . Serum @entity5 ( @entity6 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity11 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity4 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity9 ( @entity10 ) and @entity1 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity10 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity6 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity11 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity4 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity11 and @entity4 decreased serum @entity6 levels and the @entity6 /AA ratio in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: XXXX treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 @entity2 ratio in @entity0 with @entity3 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of statins on serum n-3 to n-6 @entity2 ( @entity7 ) levels have not been fully evaluated. We examined the effects of two types of @entity8 ( @entity11 and @entity4 ) on serum @entity7 levels and their ratios in @entity0 with @entity3 . FINDINGS: A total of 46 @entity0 who were not receiving lipid-lowering therapy were randomly assigned to receive either 2.5  mg/day of @entity11 or 2  mg/day of @entity4 . Serum @entity7 levels were measured at baseline, at 4  weeks, and at 12  weeks. @entity11 was used to treat 23 @entity0 , and the remaining 23 @entity0 were treated using @entity4 . Serum @entity5 ( @entity6 ) levels decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity11 : from 169.6 to 136.3   g/mL, p   =   0.006; @entity4 : from 188.6 to 153.9   g/mL, p   =   0.03). However, serum levels of @entity9 ( @entity10 ) and @entity1 (AA) did not change. In addition, the @entity10 /AA ratio did not change, whereas the @entity6 /AA ratio decreased significantly at 12  weeks in both groups ( @entity11 : from 0.99 to 0.80, p   =   0.01; @entity4 : from 1.14 to 0.91, p   =   0.003). No adverse events were observed during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: In this small, open-label, pilot study, @entity11 and @entity4 decreased serum @entity6 levels and the @entity6 /AA ratio in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: @entity8 treatment alters serum n-3 to n-6 @entity2 ratio in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A Phase I Pilot Study combining interstitial or intracavitary irradiation using 192Ir or 137Cs and @entity2 in advanced or recurrent @entity1 is underway at the City of Hope National Medical Center. @entity2 is performed using 0.5 megahertz RF (500 kilohertz) radiofrequency localized current fields. In the implanted volume, a temperature of 41 degrees to 45 degrees C is maintained for 30 to 40 minutes. @entity2 is performed prior to irradiation in all @entity0 . All @entity0 had either failed previous conventional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, or had advanced @entity1 which were not felt to be controllable by conventional means. Sixteen lesions were implanted in 15 @entity0 . Of the 16 lesions, 11/16 (68%) achieved complete response, and three had no response or recurred locally. The six @entity0 (100%) receiving interstitial implant and @entity2 as the primary therapy achieved complete response. Normal tissue complications were minimal. Range of response was three to 13 months. Interstitial thermoradiotherapy appears to be a safe and promising mode of therapy in advanced or recurrent accessible @entity1 .

title: Interstitial implant with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In 1931, Simpson et  al. coined the @entity5 " to describe the regional spread of @entity3 as localized or extended with involvement of the peritoneal serous membrane and neighboring anatomical structures. Research into the origin of peritoneal @entity4 is based on two phases in a @entity0 's life: EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT: During week 3, the bilaminar disc becomes a trilaminar disc called the mesoderm. Inside the lateral plate mesoderm, the coelomic cavity is divided into 2 layers: the parietal (somatic) mesoderm, which gives rise to the parietal peritoneum and pleural surfaces; and the visceral (splanchnic) mesoderm, which gives rise to the visceral peritoneum, visceral surface of the pleura, @entity6 , and the muscular layer of the hollow viscera and its mesenteries. TUMOR SPREAD: Transcoelomic @entity1 and metaplasia of pluripotent stem cells in the peritoneum was involved in the pathogenesis of @entity3 . This involvement takes the form of a synchronous malignant transformation at multiple foci and may cause intraperitoneal field cancerization. Pluripotent stem cells play a role both in the development of the embryonic peritoneum and in the @entity2 . Consequently, knowledge of the origin of these cells (embryonic or current) could be extremely useful. The many markers that act during the embryonic period can affect descendants, that is, cells are already marked before specification and differentiation are activated. Thus, programmed activation could be attributed to genetic and epigenetic changes.

title: XXXX : A @entity2 with an embryological origin?

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In 1931, Simpson et  al. coined the @entity5 " to describe the regional spread of @entity3 as localized or extended with involvement of the peritoneal serous membrane and neighboring anatomical structures. Research into the origin of peritoneal @entity4 is based on two phases in a @entity0 's life: EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT: During week 3, the bilaminar disc becomes a trilaminar disc called the mesoderm. Inside the lateral plate mesoderm, the coelomic cavity is divided into 2 layers: the parietal (somatic) mesoderm, which gives rise to the parietal peritoneum and pleural surfaces; and the visceral (splanchnic) mesoderm, which gives rise to the visceral peritoneum, visceral surface of the pleura, @entity6 , and the muscular layer of the hollow viscera and its mesenteries. TUMOR SPREAD: Transcoelomic @entity1 and metaplasia of pluripotent stem cells in the peritoneum was involved in the pathogenesis of @entity3 . This involvement takes the form of a synchronous malignant transformation at multiple foci and may cause intraperitoneal field cancerization. Pluripotent stem cells play a role both in the development of the embryonic peritoneum and in the @entity2 . Consequently, knowledge of the origin of these cells (embryonic or current) could be extremely useful. The many markers that act during the embryonic period can affect descendants, that is, cells are already marked before specification and differentiation are activated. Thus, programmed activation could be attributed to genetic and epigenetic changes.

title: @entity5 : A XXXX with an embryological origin?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the treatment of @entity6 , complete @entity1 resection with complete reconstruction of the spine represents the ideal goal. However, for the treatment of heavily calcified @entity5 , en-bloc resection of the @entity1 together with the involved dura at the @entity1 base through laminectomy is quite difficult. Conventional laminectomy is not wide enough to allow full exposure of such @entity1 , and postoperative dural defects can cause serious complications. CASE PRESENTATION: A 58-year-old Japanese @entity0 presented with a 3-month history of progressive @entity3 and @entity4 of the lower extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography showed a calcified @entity6 with dural tail sign at the T10-T11 level, severely compressing the spinal cord anterolaterally. The @entity0 underwent en-bloc resection of the @entity1 with the inner layer of the dura and preservation of the outer layer of the dura through recapping T-saw laminoplasty of T10-T11, including bilateral facet joints. The @entity1 was histologically diagnosed as @entity5 . Postoperatively, the @entity0 achieved complete recovery of neurological functions. Bone union after laminoplasty was obtained within 6  months. Follow-up MRI at 5  years postoperatively demonstrated no recurrence of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Resection of @entity5 with only the inner layer of dura can minimize @entity2 , including spinal fluid leakage. Recapping T-saw laminoplasty provides extensive exposure for @entity1 removal. The combination of these techniques may offer an ideal surgical option for complete resection of @entity5 with complete preservation of the posterior spinal elements.

title: En-bloc resection of thoracic calcified XXXX with inner dural layer in recapping T-saw laminoplasty: a case report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the association of subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM) with visual acuity (VA), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and scar in the Comparison of Age-Related @entity3 Treatments Trials (CATT). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study within a randomized clinical trial. @entity0 : The 1185 CATT @entity0 . METHODS: Masked readers graded scar and @entity5 on fundus photography and @entity2 angiography and graded SHRM on time-domain and spectral-domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT) throughout 104 weeks. Measurements of SHRM height and width in the fovea, within the center 1 mm(2), or outside the center 1mm(2) were obtained on SD OCT images at 56 (n  = 76) and 104 (n  = 66) weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Presence of SHRM, as well as location and size, and associations with VA, scar, and @entity5 . RESULTS: Among CATT @entity0 , the percentage with SHRM at enrollment was 77%, decreasing to 68% at 4 weeks after treatment and to 54% at 104 weeks. At 104 weeks, scar was present more often in eyes with persistent SHRM than in eyes with SHRM that resolved (64% vs. 31%; P < 0.0001). Among eyes with detailed evaluation of SHRM at weeks 56 (n  = 76) and 104 (n  = 66), mean VA letter score was 73.5 ( @entity4 [ @entity4 ], 2.8), 73.1 ( @entity4 , 3.4), 65.3 ( @entity4 , 3.5), and 63.9 ( @entity4 , 3.7) when SHRM was absent, present outside the central 1 mm(2), present within the central 1 mm(2) but not the foveal center, or present at the foveal center (P  = 0.02), respectively. When SHRM was present, the median maximum height under the fovea, within the central 1 mm(2) including the fovea and anywhere within the scan, was 86  m, 120  m, and 122  m, respectively. Visual acuity was decreased with greater SHRM height and width (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with neovascular @entity3 ( @entity3 ), SHRM is common and often persists after anti- @entity1 treatment. At 2 years, eyes with scar were more likely to have SHRM than other eyes. Greater SHRM dimensions were associated with worse VA. In eyes with @entity3 , SHRM is an important morphologic biomarker.

title: Subretinal Hyperreflective Material in the Comparison of Age-Related XXXX Treatments Trials.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is characterized by complement-mediated @entity3 and an increased @entity1 risk. Eculizumab, an antibody to complement factor C5, reduces @entity1 risk via unknown mechanisms. Clinical observations suggest that eculizumab has an immediate effect. OBJECTIVES: A better understanding of the mechanism via which eculizumab reduces @entity1 risk by studying its pharmacodynamic effect on coagulation and fibrinolysis. METHODS: We measured microparticles (MP), tissue factor (TF) activity, prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), D-dimer and simultaneously thrombin and @entity2 generation in 55 PNH @entity0 . In 20 @entity0 , parameters were compared before and during eculizumab treatment (at 1 and 2hours, 1, 4 and>= 12weeks after commencement). RESULTS: @entity0 with a history of @entity1 had elevated D-dimers (p=0.02) but not MP. Among patients on anticoagulants, those with @entity1 had higher F1+2 concentrations (p=0.003). TF activity was undetectable in plasma MP. Unexpectedly, thrombin peak height and thrombin potential were significantly lower in PNH @entity0 than in healthy controls. Fibrinolysis parameters were normal. During eculizumab treatment D-dimer levels significantly decreased after 1hour (p=0.008) and remained decreased at>= 12weeks (p=0.03). F1+2 (p=0.03) and thrombin peak height (p=0.02) in @entity0 not on anticoagulants significantly decreased at>= week 12. MP remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Eculizumab induces an immediate decrease of D-dimer levels but not of other markers. The decrease in thrombin peak height and F1+2 suggests that eculizumab reduces thrombin generation. Elevated D-dimer levels in untreated PNH @entity0 with a history of @entity1 suggest possible value in predicting @entity1 risk.

title: Alterations in markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis in @entity0 with XXXX before and during treatment with eculizumab.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is characterized by complement-mediated @entity3 and an increased @entity1 risk. Eculizumab, an antibody to complement factor C5, reduces @entity1 risk via unknown mechanisms. Clinical observations suggest that eculizumab has an immediate effect. OBJECTIVES: A better understanding of the mechanism via which eculizumab reduces @entity1 risk by studying its pharmacodynamic effect on coagulation and fibrinolysis. METHODS: We measured microparticles (MP), tissue factor (TF) activity, prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), D-dimer and simultaneously thrombin and @entity2 generation in 55 PNH @entity0 . In 20 @entity0 , parameters were compared before and during eculizumab treatment (at 1 and 2hours, 1, 4 and>= 12weeks after commencement). RESULTS: @entity0 with a history of @entity1 had elevated D-dimers (p=0.02) but not MP. Among patients on anticoagulants, those with @entity1 had higher F1+2 concentrations (p=0.003). TF activity was undetectable in plasma MP. Unexpectedly, thrombin peak height and thrombin potential were significantly lower in PNH @entity0 than in healthy controls. Fibrinolysis parameters were normal. During eculizumab treatment D-dimer levels significantly decreased after 1hour (p=0.008) and remained decreased at>= 12weeks (p=0.03). F1+2 (p=0.03) and thrombin peak height (p=0.02) in @entity0 not on anticoagulants significantly decreased at>= week 12. MP remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Eculizumab induces an immediate decrease of D-dimer levels but not of other markers. The decrease in thrombin peak height and F1+2 suggests that eculizumab reduces thrombin generation. Elevated D-dimer levels in untreated PNH @entity0 with a history of @entity1 suggest possible value in predicting @entity1 risk.

title: Alterations in markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis in XXXX with @entity4 before and during treatment with eculizumab.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical manifestations of subacute @entity4 may lead to delayed diagnosis. Acetabular subacute @entity4 is an uncommon disease. @entity3 are usually suggested first. Diagnosis is often made based on radiological findings. We report on the case of a 9-year-old @entity0 who consulted at the emergency department because of limping and @entity1 in her left limb lasting 2 weeks. No @entity2 was reported. Physical examination found a clear, @entity1 . X-ray findings revealed a posterior loss of bone in the acetabular wall. MRI found a mild invasion of the periarticular hip joint and muscles. The surgical exploration of the hip found a collection in the posterior acetabular wall suggesting septic disease. Bacteriological and pathological exams confirmed acetabular subacute @entity4 . Nine months after surgery, antibiotic therapy, and physiotherapy, the @entity0 was painless and the hip mobility showed near normal values with a reduction in external rotation and flexion. The aim of this case report is to review the characteristics of subacute @entity5 , including therapeutic modalities, underlining surgical debridement as a rule for both diagnosis and treatment.

title: Management of subacute XXXX in a @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical manifestations of subacute @entity4 may lead to delayed diagnosis. Acetabular subacute @entity4 is an uncommon disease. @entity3 are usually suggested first. Diagnosis is often made based on radiological findings. We report on the case of a 9-year-old @entity0 who consulted at the emergency department because of limping and @entity1 in her left limb lasting 2 weeks. No @entity2 was reported. Physical examination found a clear, @entity1 . X-ray findings revealed a posterior loss of bone in the acetabular wall. MRI found a mild invasion of the periarticular hip joint and muscles. The surgical exploration of the hip found a collection in the posterior acetabular wall suggesting septic disease. Bacteriological and pathological exams confirmed acetabular subacute @entity4 . Nine months after surgery, antibiotic therapy, and physiotherapy, the @entity0 was painless and the hip mobility showed near normal values with a reduction in external rotation and flexion. The aim of this case report is to review the characteristics of subacute @entity5 , including therapeutic modalities, underlining surgical debridement as a rule for both diagnosis and treatment.

title: Management of subacute @entity5 in a XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Eleven @entity0 with fibular malunion after @entity3 healed with stiff, @entity1 and radiographic evidence of fibular malunion, @entity5 of the ankle mortice, and talar tilt. Reconstruction was performed by mobilizing the fibula (by osteotomy or through the old @entity2 site), lengthening the fibula, and restoring the ankle mortice anatomically. The operation was done three months to three years after the initial @entity2 in @entity0 ranging in age from 26 to 52 years. The average follow-up period was 3.3 years. Radiographically, seven @entity0 had the ankle joint restored anatomically. Four @entity0 had residual talar tilt. On clinical assessment, eight @entity0 were rated as good, two fair and improving, and one poor resulting in fusion. Good functional results were maintained at long-term follow-up examination. The factors that determined the success of the revision were the duration of the malunion, the quality of the reduction achieved, and the condition of the articular cartilage at the time of revision. Late correction of the @entity4 with @entity5 of the ankle mortice is an effective means of salvaging function in a joint otherwise destined to be stiff and @entity1 .

title: Late revision of fibular malunion in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Thoracoscopic surgery has been increasingly utilized in treating pediatric @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Comparative studies evaluating 30-day outcomes between thoracoscopic and open resection of @entity2 are lacking. METHODS: There were 258 @entity0 identified in pediatric NSQIP with a @entity2 and pulmonary resection in 2012-2013. Comparisons of @entity0 characteristics and outcomes between surgical approaches were made using standard univariate statistics. In addition, a propensity score match was performed to evaluate outcomes in similar @entity0 cohorts. RESULTS: One-hundred twelve @entity0 (43.4%) received thoracoscopic resections and 146 @entity0 (56.6%) received open resections. @entity0 undergoing open resections were more likely to be less than 5months of age and have a comorbidity/preoperative condition (47.3% vs. 25.0%, p<0.001). The extent of resection was a lobectomy in 84.8% of thoracoscopic and 92.5% of open resection @entity0 . Median operative time was similar between both groups (thoracoscopic 172 vs. open 153.5minutes). On univariate analysis, thoracoscopic resection was associated with @entity1 (9.8% vs. 25.3%, p=0.001) and LOS (3 vs. 4days, p<0.001). However, after adjusting for similar @entity0 and operative characteristics, no significant differences were encountered between techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracoscopic and open resection provide comparable 30-day outcomes and safety in the management of @entity2 .

title: Comparing 30-day outcomes between thoracoscopic and open approaches for resection of pediatric XXXX : Evidence from NSQIP.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Hemodynamic and renal function response to low-dose (100 and 200 micrograms/min) @entity4 infusion was studied in 15 adult cardiac surgical @entity0 who manifested combined @entity7 and left @entity1 postoperatively. @entity0 were studied an average of 6.6 h after ICU admission, at normothermia and after 2 consecutive hourly urine output determinations of less than 0.5 ml/kg . h in the presence of a left @entity2 pressure over 12 mm Hg. @entity4 infusion at 100 micrograms/min produced improvement in @entity5 , osmolar and free water clearances (70 +/- 10 to 115 +/- 13, 37 +/- 4 to 93 +/- 16 and --15 +/- 2 to --37 +/- 10 ml/min, respectively), and urinary @entity6 concentration (15 +/- 5 to 29 +/- 10 mEq/L). Urine flow improved overall from 22 +/- 2 to 54 +/- 9 ml/h; however, in 9 of 15 @entity0 , flow was less than 0.5 ml/kg . h (33 +/- 5 to 50 +/- 6 ml/h). In each of these 9 @entity0 , @entity4 infusion at 20 micrograms/min further improved urine flow as well as measured renal function. Plasma @entity3 activity measured in 9 of the 15 @entity0 before and during the 100 micrograms/min @entity4 infusion was decreased from 1.95 +/- 0.57 to 0.73 +/- 0.39 ng/ml . h. The hemodynamic effect of both @entity4 doses was increased cardiac output coupled with decreased systemic (SVRI) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI). In these 15 @entity0 , low-dose @entity4 infusion produced significant improvement in renal function, with resolution of @entity7 in every case, and with no deleterious hemodynamic effect.

title: Acute @entity7 after cardiopulmonary bypass: renal functional improvement with low-dose XXXX infusion.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Hemodynamic and renal function response to low-dose (100 and 200 micrograms/min) @entity4 infusion was studied in 15 adult cardiac surgical @entity0 who manifested combined @entity7 and left @entity1 postoperatively. @entity0 were studied an average of 6.6 h after ICU admission, at normothermia and after 2 consecutive hourly urine output determinations of less than 0.5 ml/kg . h in the presence of a left @entity2 pressure over 12 mm Hg. @entity4 infusion at 100 micrograms/min produced improvement in @entity5 , osmolar and free water clearances (70 +/- 10 to 115 +/- 13, 37 +/- 4 to 93 +/- 16 and --15 +/- 2 to --37 +/- 10 ml/min, respectively), and urinary @entity6 concentration (15 +/- 5 to 29 +/- 10 mEq/L). Urine flow improved overall from 22 +/- 2 to 54 +/- 9 ml/h; however, in 9 of 15 @entity0 , flow was less than 0.5 ml/kg . h (33 +/- 5 to 50 +/- 6 ml/h). In each of these 9 @entity0 , @entity4 infusion at 20 micrograms/min further improved urine flow as well as measured renal function. Plasma @entity3 activity measured in 9 of the 15 @entity0 before and during the 100 micrograms/min @entity4 infusion was decreased from 1.95 +/- 0.57 to 0.73 +/- 0.39 ng/ml . h. The hemodynamic effect of both @entity4 doses was increased cardiac output coupled with decreased systemic (SVRI) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI). In these 15 @entity0 , low-dose @entity4 infusion produced significant improvement in renal function, with resolution of @entity7 in every case, and with no deleterious hemodynamic effect.

title: Acute XXXX after cardiopulmonary bypass: renal functional improvement with low-dose @entity4 infusion.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cough and deglutition are protective mechanisms that defend against @entity1 . We identified mechanisms associated with cough provocation as well as those associated with cough resolution in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: Manometry signatures of cough were recognized in 16 premature @entity0 with @entity3 undergoing concurrent esophageal manometry, respiratory inductance plethysmography, and nasal air flow measurements. Pretussive and post-tussive pharyngo-esophageal motility changes were analyzed. Mechanisms associated with cough and mechanisms that restored respiratory and esophageal normalcy were analyzed. RESULTS: We analyzed 312 cough events during 88 cough clusters; 97% were associated with recognizable manometric patterns. Initial mechanisms related with coughing included nonpropagating swallow (59%), upper esophageal sphincter (UES) reflex contraction (18%), and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation (14%). UES and @entity2 was present in 69% of nonpropagating swallow-associated cough clusters. Mechanisms restoring post-tussive normalcy included primary peristalsis (84%), secondary peristalsis (8%), and none recognized (8%). UES contraction reflex was associated with cough clusters more frequently in @entity0 on nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) (OR = 9.13, 95% CI = 1.88-44.24). CONCLUSION: Cough clusters in @entity0 with @entity3 had identifiable etiologies associated with esophageal events; common initial mechanisms were of upper aerodigestive origin, while common clearing mechanisms were peristaltic reflexes.

title: Mechanisms of cough provocation and cough resolution in neonates with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Serological detection of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) antibodies is frequently used in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) mass screening. However, the large number of seropositive subjects who require close follow-up is still a big burden. The present study aimed to detect the nasopharyngeal @entity2 load in a high-risk population seropositive for antibodies against @entity2 , as well as to examine whether assay for nasopharyngeal @entity2 DNA load might reduce the number of high-risk subjects for follow-up and improve early detection of @entity1 . A prospective and population-based cohort study was conducted in southern China from 2006 through 2013. Among 22,186 @entity0 , 1045 subjects with serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies against viral capsid antigen (VCA) titers >=  1:5 were defined as high-risk group, and were then followed-up for @entity1 occurrence. Qualified nasopharyngeal swab specimens were available from 905 @entity0 and used for quantitative PCR assay. Our study revealed that 89% (802/905) subjects showed positive @entity2 DNA in nasopharyngeal swab. The nasopharyngeal @entity2 load in females was higher than that in males. The nasopharyngeal @entity2 load increased with increasing serum VCA/IgA titers. Eight cases of newly diagnosed @entity1 showed an extremely elevated @entity2 load, and 87.5% (7 of 8 @entity0 ) were early-stage NPCs. The @entity2 loads of 8 NPCs were significantly higher than those of 897 @entity1 -free subjects (mean, 2.8*106 copies/swab [range 4.8*104-1.1*108] vs. 5.6*103 [range 0-3.8*106]). Using mean @entity2 load in @entity1 -free population plus two standard deviations as cut-off value, a higher diagnostic performance was obtained for @entity2 load test than serum VCA/IgA test (area under ROC, 0.980 vs 0.895). In conclusion, in a prospective and population-based study we demonstrated that an additional assay of @entity2 load in the nasopharynx among high-risk individuals may reduce the number of subjects needed to be closely followed up and could serve as part of a @entity1 screening program in high-risk populations.

title: Nasopharyngeal Epstein-Barr Virus Load: An Efficient Supplementary Method for Population-Based XXXX Screening.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Processing of @entity1 , with photoreceptors converting light stimuli into neural signals. Ultimately, signals are transmitted to the brain through signaling networks formed by interneurons, namely bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells providing input to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which form the optic nerve with their axons. As part of the chronic nature of @entity3 , the increasing and irreversible damage and ultimately loss of neurons, RGCs in particular, occurs following progressive damage to the optic nerve head (ONH), eventually resulting in @entity1 . There are two behavioral assays that are typically used to assess @entity1 in @entity2 rodent models, the visual water task and the optokinetic drum. The visual water task can assess an animal's ability to distinguish grating patterns that are associated with an escape from water. The optokinetic drum relies on the optomotor response, a reflex turning of the head and neck in the direction of the visual stimuli, which usually consists of rotating black and white gratings. This reflex is a physiological response critical for keeping the image stable on the retina. Driven initially by the neuronal input from direction-selective RGCs, this reflex is comprised of a number of critical sensory and motor elements. In the presence of repeatable and defined stimuli, this reflex is extremely well suited to analyze subtle changes in the circuitry and performance of @entity4 neurons. Increasing the cycles of these alternating gratings per degree, or gradually reducing the contrast of the visual stimuli, threshold levels can be determined at which the animal is no longer tracking the stimuli, and thereby visual function of the animal can be determined non-invasively. Integrating these assays into an array of outcome measures that determine multiple aspects of visual function is a central goal in vision research and can be realized, for example, by the combination of measuring optomotor reflex function with electroretinograms (ERGs) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the retina. These structure-function correlations in  vivo are urgently needed to identify disease mechanisms as potential new targets for drug development. Such a combination of the experimental assessment of the optokinetic reflex (OKR) or optomotor response (OMR) with other measures of retinal structure and function is especially valuable for research on GON. The chronic progression of the disease is characterized by a gradual decrease in function accompanied by a concomitant increase in structural @entity0 , therefore the assessment of subtle changes is key to determining the success of novel intervention strategies.

title: Psychophysical testing in rodent models of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The virion polypeptide composition of three independently isolated tree shrew herpesviruses ( @entity3 ) was analysed by @entity1 - @entity2 slab gel electrophoresis and by a two-dimensional technique using isoelectric focusing. Two of the virus isolates analysed were from @entity0 ; the other isolate ( @entity3 1) was from an apparently healthy animal. The polypeptide patterns of the three purified @entity4 isolates were remarkably similar, each consisting of at least 35 polypeptides ranging in mol. wt. from 12,000 to 230,000. Whilst the majority of analogous polypeptides of the three viruses were of indistinguishable electrophoretic mobility, some (e.g. polypeptides of 82K to 86K) showed small differences in apparent mol. wt. which were characteristic of the virus strain. Comparative @entity1 - @entity2 gel electrophoresis made it possible to distinguish the @entity4 isolates from each other. At least five glycoproteins were found in purified @entity3 virions. The two-dimensional electropherograms revealed at least 47 discernible protein spots, some of which were specific for a given @entity3 isolate and which were detectable even in lysates of @entity3 -infected cells.

title: Analysis of polypeptides of the tree shrew ( XXXX by gel electrophoresis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The proteins of membrane and cytosol fractions from frozen @entity0 postmortem brain were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (isoelectric range: 5.1-6.0) and both @entity4 and ammoniacal @entity3 staining. Cytosol preparations were analyzed from six different postmortem brains from @entity0 with various neurologic diagnoses and immediate causes of @entity2 . Intervals between @entity2 and brain freezing (-70 degrees C) ranged from 2 to 20 h. The vast majority of proteins detected in these cytosol fractions had identical molecular weights and isoelectric points in each of six @entity0 brains examined. However, in some tissue samples tubulin was either quantitatively decreased or undetectable. The possibility that this partial or complete depletion of tubulin was related to postmortem interval and/or brain freezing was studied using @entity1 forebrain tissue. @entity1 brain incubated at room temperature for up to 24 h did not reproduce the changes seen in the region of @entity0 cytosol tubulin. However, other changes seen in the two-dimensional electrophoretic pattern of @entity1 cytosol proteins did relate to postmortem interval, brain freezing, or both. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum were prepared from three @entity0 brains, with highly reproducible two-dimensional patterns. Protein analysis of these membrane fractions revealed that @entity0 RER contained significant amounts of tubulin, in contrast to @entity1 RER which contained no detectable tubulin. This discrepancy was elucidated by allowing @entity1 brains to remain at room temperature for 24 h before freezing; gels of @entity1 RER prepared from this tissue showed that tubulin subunits were present.

title: Characterization of postmortem XXXX brain proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: An experiment was designed to determine the effects of dietary @entity2 on age and weight at puberty in @entity0 crossbred beef heifers. One hundred and forty heifers were allotted to two weight classes: heavy (H) and light (L) groups, consisting of heifers above and below the average weaning weight, respectively. Heifers within each weight class were assigned to one of three diets during a 203-d winter feeding period: (1) R, 80% roughage: 20% concentrate; (2) M1, R diet plus @entity2 (200 mg/head daily) with feed intake restricted to produce @entity1 ( @entity1 ) similar to R and (3) M2, R diet plus @entity2 (200 mg/head daily). @entity1 was higher (P less than .001) for M2 heifers than for R and M1 heifers, which performed similarly. Age and weight at puberty were similar across treatments in L heifers. However, in the H group, HM1 and HM2 heifers were younger (P less than .07) at puberty than HR heifers and this difference was not removed by covariate adjustment of either @entity1 or body weight. Weigh at puberty was greater (P less than .01) for HM2 heifers than for HM1 or HR heifers; however, this difference was removed by covariate adjustment of either @entity1 or body weight. Ninety-one percent of LM2 heifers and 100% of all other groups had reached puberty before the breeding season. Pregnancy rates did not differ significantly between treatment groups. Supplementation of a high roughage diet with @entity2 decreased age at puberty of heifers in the heavy weight class and this decrease was not due to increased body weight or @entity1 . Perhaps heifers with above average weaning weight possess a greater inherent growth potential than heifers below the average weaning weight and hence are more capable of utilizing @entity2 to an advantage.

title: Relationship of growth and puberty in beef heifers fed XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Twenty-two @entity0 with @entity8 were treated at the Shriners Hospital for Crippled @entity0 , Chicago Unit, from 1953 to 1979. At the time of this study, ten of the @entity0 were skeletally mature after an average follow-up of 24.1 years. Two @entity0 had died, twelve could be examined, and eight who were unable to return for examination responded to a questionnaire. Eleven of the @entity0 had @entity1 mothers. Of the orthopaedic problems in these @entity0 , knee-flexion @entity5 with popliteal webbing were the most difficult to correct. These deformities varied in severity with the level of the agenesis and the resulting loss of motor power. Other problems were dislocations and flexions @entity5 of the @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity2 of the foot, and instability at the spinal-pelvic junction. When there was inadequate quadriceps function it was difficult to correct knee-flexion @entity5 and to prevent them from recurring. For severe @entity2 , @entity7 and prosthetic fitting were the most effective treatment. @entity3 was not a problem in eighteen of the twenty surviving @entity0 . Unreduced dislocated @entity4 also did not cause any problems.

title: Orthopaedic management of XXXX . Long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To define the effects of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) used prior to salvage cryoablation (SC) for the treatment of recurrent @entity2 after radiation. METHODS: @entity0 from the Cryo On-Line Database registry undergoing SC after radiation failure were divided according to whether they had previously received or not received @entity6 . Baseline characteristics including demographics and presalvage @entity1 risk were compared. Biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) as defined by the Phoenix criteria was compared between the 2 groups as a whole and also in D'Amico risk-stratified subgroups. In addition, postsurgical complications such as @entity7 , retention, @entity3 , and @entity4 were compared. RESULTS: Two groups consisting of 254 and 486 @entity0 with and without pre-SC @entity6 were analyzed. The @entity0 who received @entity6 were younger (P  = .003) and had higher presalvage D'Amico risks (P  <.001). The 5-year bPFS was 63.8% and 39.3% for the hormone-na  ve and the pre-SC @entity6 @entity0 , respectively (P  <.001). On subgroup analysis, the difference in 5-year bPFS was significant only for @entity0 with a high D'Amico @entity1 risk (54.3% vs 30.5%; P  = .013). On multivariate analysis, presalvage @entity5 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.7), Gleason score  >= 8 (HR, 2.5), and use of pre-SC @entity6 (HR, 1.7) correlated with biochemical recurrence. Additionally, @entity0 receiving pre-SC @entity6 experienced less urinary retention (P  = .001) and @entity3 (P  = .008) but were more likely to be impotent (P  = .010). CONCLUSION: @entity0 receiving @entity6 before SC, especially those with high-risk prostate @entity1 , had worse 5-year bPFS. Added caution is needed when selecting @entity0 having previously received @entity6 for salvage cryotherapy.

title: The Effect of Androgen Deprivation Therapy Before Salvage Whole-gland Cryoablation After Primary Radiation Failure in XXXX Treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In recent years, the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has emerged as an alternative vertebrate model for energy homeostasis and @entity1 , including @entity0 and @entity2 . It has been shown that @entity0 ( @entity0 ) in @entity5 shares multiple pathophysiological features with @entity0 in mammals. However, a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the different pathways of energy expenditure in @entity0 and starved fish had been missing thus far. Here, we carry out long-term ad libitum feeding ( @entity6 ) and caloric restriction studies induced by low- or high-density husbandry, respectively, to investigate the impact of caloric intake on the timing of scale formation, a crucial step of postembryonic development and metamorphosis, and on somatic growth, body weight, fat storage and female reproduction. We show that all of them are positively affected by increased caloric intake, that middle-aged fish develop severe @entity0 , and that the body mass index (BMI) displays a strict linear correlation with whole-body triglyceride levels in adult @entity5 . Interestingly, juvenile fish are largely resistant to @entity0 , while BMI and triglyceride values drop in aged fish, pointing to aging-associated anorexic effects. Histological analyses further indicate that increased fat storage in white adipose tissue involves both @entity4 and @entity3 of adipocytes. Furthermore, in ovaries, caloric intake primarily affects the rate of oocyte growth, rather than total oocyte numbers. Finally, comparing the different pathways of energy expenditure with each other, we demonstrate that they are differentially affected by caloric restriction / high-density husbandry. In juvenile fish, scale formation is prioritized over somatic growth, while in sexually mature adults, female reproduction is prioritized over somatic growth, and somatic growth over fat storage. Our data will serve as a template for future functional studies to dissect the neuroendocrine regulators of energy homeostasis mediating differential energy allocation.

title: Long-Term @entity6 and Caloric Restriction Caused by Low- or High-Density Husbandry Have Differential Effects on XXXX Postembryonic Development, Somatic Growth, Fat Accumulation and Reproduction.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In recent years, the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has emerged as an alternative vertebrate model for energy homeostasis and @entity1 , including @entity0 and @entity2 . It has been shown that @entity0 ( @entity0 ) in @entity5 shares multiple pathophysiological features with @entity0 in mammals. However, a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the different pathways of energy expenditure in @entity0 and starved fish had been missing thus far. Here, we carry out long-term ad libitum feeding ( @entity6 ) and caloric restriction studies induced by low- or high-density husbandry, respectively, to investigate the impact of caloric intake on the timing of scale formation, a crucial step of postembryonic development and metamorphosis, and on somatic growth, body weight, fat storage and female reproduction. We show that all of them are positively affected by increased caloric intake, that middle-aged fish develop severe @entity0 , and that the body mass index (BMI) displays a strict linear correlation with whole-body triglyceride levels in adult @entity5 . Interestingly, juvenile fish are largely resistant to @entity0 , while BMI and triglyceride values drop in aged fish, pointing to aging-associated anorexic effects. Histological analyses further indicate that increased fat storage in white adipose tissue involves both @entity4 and @entity3 of adipocytes. Furthermore, in ovaries, caloric intake primarily affects the rate of oocyte growth, rather than total oocyte numbers. Finally, comparing the different pathways of energy expenditure with each other, we demonstrate that they are differentially affected by caloric restriction / high-density husbandry. In juvenile fish, scale formation is prioritized over somatic growth, while in sexually mature adults, female reproduction is prioritized over somatic growth, and somatic growth over fat storage. Our data will serve as a template for future functional studies to dissect the neuroendocrine regulators of energy homeostasis mediating differential energy allocation.

title: Long-Term XXXX and Caloric Restriction Caused by Low- or High-Density Husbandry Have Differential Effects on @entity5 Postembryonic Development, Somatic Growth, Fat Accumulation and Reproduction.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The brains of 9 spider monkeys, inoculated intracerebrally with brain suspension from kuru @entity0 and of 3 normal control monkeys have been studied. All the animals were killed by perfusion with fixative, 8 during early incubation (ranging from 2 to 40 weeks) when healthy and free from neurological signs, one after 122 weeks when the disease was fully established. The most striking feature seen in every brain between the incubation times of 4 and 40 weeks was the formation of multilaminated membranes (ACPMs). These affected stretches of two apposed, mostly neuronal, plasma membranes over variable distances and created the impression of @entity3 . Their number varied with the length of incubation, reaching a peak at 13 weeks and declining thereafter. ACPMs were found throughout the grey matter, but they were most numerous in phylogenetically older regions of the brain, regions which also show the severest lesions in @entity0 kuru. It is suggested that ACPMs are initially due to an excessive synthesis of some membrane constituent by the perikaryon and various possibilities for their genesis are discussed. The hypothesis is advanced that they may be due to the reactivation of embryonic growth mechanisms and represent abortive junctions which, being formed in mature neurons, take a rather bizarre shape. Other changes such as the formation of somatic spines, an excessive number of dendritic spines including a high proportion with long tortuous necks, and the presence of binucleated neurons and numerous growth cones, point to the similarly immature pattern and would support this hypothesis. The material provided ample evidence that ACPMs, which can occupy as much as 26 per cent of a dendritic surface, give rise to intracytoplasmic vacuoles, which may therefore be regarded as secondary to a primary change in the permeability of the plasma membrane at the site of ACPMs. Individual single vacuoles could often build up into complex soap-bubble-like arrays, which were interpreted as the ultrastructural equivalent of histological @entity2 . There is some evidence that the development of @entity2 in other transmissible spongiform @entity1 follows the same pattern.

title: The pathogenesis of transmissible spongiform XXXX : an ultrastructural study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the surgical treatment of @entity3 , laparoscopic surgery has become a key technique. However, difficult cases are not eligible for laparoscopic surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for @entity2 and to examine the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy duodenal ulcer perforation @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic surgery between July 2010 and March 2014 were reviewed. The type of surgery was chosen on the basis of the size of the perforation. All @entity0 were classified into 2 groups according to the surgical treatment method: primary repair with omentopexy (PR group, n=56) and distal gastrectomy with truncal vagotomy (DG group, n=14). RESULTS: No conversions to open surgery occurred. Three @entity1 (mortality rate, 4.1%) occurred within 90 postoperative days. @entity2 , including 5 severe complications, occurred in 9 @entity0 . There were no differences between the PR and DG groups, except in the mean operation time. In univariate analysis, history of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, American Society of Anesthesiologist score (over 3), presence of shock, and time to surgery from symptom onset until surgery (over 48 h) were prognostic factors for @entity2 . Of particular note, the different perforation sizes were not significantly different. Multivariate analysis showed that history of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and treatment delay (48 h) were independent risk factors for @entity2 . The presence of shock on admission was a risk factor for severe @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that laparoscopic surgery may be applied to all duodenal ulcer perforations. However, because of the learning period, we believe that laparoscopic surgery may not be suited to every surgeon. However, when performed by laparoscopic experts, laparoscopic surgery can be a valuable approach for treating @entity3 .

title: Laparoscopic Surgery for Perforated XXXX : Analysis of 70 Consecutive Cases From a Single Surgeon.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It is well known that @entity0 has a profound effect on the autonomic nervous system, especially on the autonomic control of heart rate and respiration. This effect has been widely studied during @entity1 activity, but less attention has been given to interictal (i.e. @entity1 -free) activity. The studies that have been done on this topic, showed that heart rate and respiration can be affected individually, even without the occurrence of @entity1 . In this work, the interactions between these two individual physiological variables are analysed during interictal activity in temporal lobe and @entity2 in childhood. These interactions are assessed by decomposing the predictive information about heart rate variability, into different components like the transfer entropy, cross-entropy, self- entropy and the conditional self entropy. Each one of these components quantifies different types of shared information. However, when using the cross-entropy and the conditional self entropy, it is possible to split the information carried by the heart rate, into two main components, one related to respiration and one related to different mechanisms, like sympathetic activation. This can be done after assuming a directional link going from respiration to heart rate. After analysing all the entropy components, it is shown that in subjects with @entity2 the information shared by respiration and heart rate is significantly lower than for normal subjects. And a more remarkable finding indicates that this type of @entity0 seems to have a long term effect on the cardiac and respiratory control mechanisms of the autonomic nervous system.

title: Interictal cardiorespiratory variability in temporal lobe and XXXX in childhood.

answer: @entity2