abstract: BACKGROUND: Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease that poses a threat to public health worldwide. This disease primarily affects @entity0 and is caused by the presence in the digestive tract of a @entity5 of @entity1 , @entity4 , or @entity3 , @entity6 . Toxocara is responsible for the presentation of various syndromes in @entity0 depending on the affected organs. METHODS: In this study, the prevalence of anti-T. canis antibodies was investigated in @entity0 aged 3-16 years from semirural populations in the municipalities of Amecameca and Chalco in M  xico. An ELISA was used to determine the presence of anti-T. canis antibodies in blood samples. RESULTS: Of the 183 sera obtained for this study, 22 were positive for anti-T. canis antibodies (12.02  %). Of these, 6.50  % were from males and 5.4  % were from females. Risk factors were investigated and it was found that living near a @entity2 operation had a statistically significant association with (Chi(2)   =   5.51 and p   =   0.01) and was a risk factor for (OR   =   4.25, p   =   0.02) seropositivity to @entity4 . Keeping @entity1 with short hair (Chi(2)   =   3.24 and p   =   0.07) showed a tendency toward seropositivity for @entity4 , as did the habit of sleeping with pets (Chi(2)   =   3.46 and p   =   0.06). CONCLUSIONS: Seropositivity to @entity4 was confirmed in @entity0 in the Amecameca and Chalco regions of M  xico and the risk factors were identified. These findings provide important insight into the prevalence and spread of this zoonotic parasite.

title: Presence of anti-Toxocara canis antibodies and risk factors in XXXX from the Amecameca and Chalco regions of M  xico.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Accurate staging of mediastinal lymph nodes in @entity0 with @entity1 is fundamental for their treatment and prognosis. The aim of this study was to compare the value of EUS and CT staging in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with postsurgical stage. METHODS: Ninety two @entity0 with @entity2 underwent EUS and CT for preoperative detection of metastases to the mediastinal lymph nodes. EUS examinations were done with the ultrasonic linear array scanning echoendoscope (FG 32 UA, Hitachi/Pentax), CT-Toshiba Exvision GX scanner, with 24-s spiral acquisition, pitch 1:1 (7 mm collimation, 4 mm reconstruction index), during i.v. administration of non-ionic iodinated contrast media. RESULTS: The frequency of mediastinal involvement was 22.7%. The regions most accessible by EUS evaluation were subaortic, subcarinal and paraoesophageal lymph nodes. On a per- @entity0 basis, EUS and CT results were: sensitivity 70.0 and 60.0%, specificity 80.6 and 72.6%, accuracy 77.2 and 68.5%. On a per-sites basis, the sensitivity of EUS evaluation was 78.8%, specificity 89.9%, accuracy 87.7%, comparing with CT-63.6, 84.0, 79.9%, respectively. When the EUS and CT images were analysed in combination, the sensitivity increased to 86.4%. CONCLUSION: We believe that EUS and CT should be used together for preoperative non-invasive staging of mediastinal lymph nodes in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: The preoperative study of mediastinal lymph nodes metastasis in XXXX by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and helical computed tomography (CT).

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of the study is to compare results of three association (case-control) studies in three @entity2 ( @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity5 ) with two polymorphisms of @entity6 gene ( @entity7 and A(-6)G). The diseases were chosen for their multigenic base and different immunological characteristic ( @entity4 , Th2 and Thps) and @entity6 gene for its pleiotropic functional effects in general adaptive reactions. In all (control as well as case) groups, tight linkage disequilibrium between the polymorphisms was found. The strength of linkage (%) differed among the group. The direction of the linkage is identical in all groups (T is combined with A, M is combined with G). In @entity3 -normotensive study, only Hardy-Weinberg disequilibria were found, especially in @entity0 . No case-control differences were found for either single alleles or for allelic concurrence of both polymorphisms. In atopy-control study, marginal case-control differences in single allele distribution of both polymorphisms were found, but only in @entity0 . In @entity5 -control study, the only significant case-control difference was found,when genotypes MTAA and MTGG were present in 2/136 psoriatic @entity0 vs. 20/142 control subjects (OR 0.1, 95% confidence interval 0.02-0.42, P=0.00015). The frequent polymorphisms in pleiotropic genes can form different formulae of genotype distribution in different multigenic diseases according to their contribution to the onset and/or progression of the disease in some evolutionary consequences.

title: Polymorphisms in @entity6 gene ( @entity7 and G(-6)A) in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of the study is to compare results of three association (case-control) studies in three @entity2 ( @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity5 ) with two polymorphisms of @entity6 gene ( @entity7 and A(-6)G). The diseases were chosen for their multigenic base and different immunological characteristic ( @entity4 , Th2 and Thps) and @entity6 gene for its pleiotropic functional effects in general adaptive reactions. In all (control as well as case) groups, tight linkage disequilibrium between the polymorphisms was found. The strength of linkage (%) differed among the group. The direction of the linkage is identical in all groups (T is combined with A, M is combined with G). In @entity3 -normotensive study, only Hardy-Weinberg disequilibria were found, especially in @entity0 . No case-control differences were found for either single alleles or for allelic concurrence of both polymorphisms. In atopy-control study, marginal case-control differences in single allele distribution of both polymorphisms were found, but only in @entity0 . In @entity5 -control study, the only significant case-control difference was found,when genotypes MTAA and MTGG were present in 2/136 psoriatic @entity0 vs. 20/142 control subjects (OR 0.1, 95% confidence interval 0.02-0.42, P=0.00015). The frequent polymorphisms in pleiotropic genes can form different formulae of genotype distribution in different multigenic diseases according to their contribution to the onset and/or progression of the disease in some evolutionary consequences.

title: Polymorphisms in XXXX gene ( @entity7 and G(-6)A) in @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The aim of the study is to compare results of three association (case-control) studies in three @entity2 ( @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity5 ) with two polymorphisms of @entity6 gene ( @entity7 and A(-6)G). The diseases were chosen for their multigenic base and different immunological characteristic ( @entity4 , Th2 and Thps) and @entity6 gene for its pleiotropic functional effects in general adaptive reactions. In all (control as well as case) groups, tight linkage disequilibrium between the polymorphisms was found. The strength of linkage (%) differed among the group. The direction of the linkage is identical in all groups (T is combined with A, M is combined with G). In @entity3 -normotensive study, only Hardy-Weinberg disequilibria were found, especially in @entity0 . No case-control differences were found for either single alleles or for allelic concurrence of both polymorphisms. In atopy-control study, marginal case-control differences in single allele distribution of both polymorphisms were found, but only in @entity0 . In @entity5 -control study, the only significant case-control difference was found,when genotypes MTAA and MTGG were present in 2/136 psoriatic @entity0 vs. 20/142 control subjects (OR 0.1, 95% confidence interval 0.02-0.42, P=0.00015). The frequent polymorphisms in pleiotropic genes can form different formulae of genotype distribution in different multigenic diseases according to their contribution to the onset and/or progression of the disease in some evolutionary consequences.

title: Polymorphisms in @entity6 gene ( XXXX and G(-6)A) in @entity1 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting @entity2 (DLT) of weekly Irinotecan ( @entity6 ) plus UFT, and to assess the antitumour activity of this combination as second-line chemotherapy in @entity0 with advanced @entity1 , 31 @entity0 with measurable advanced @entity1 were treated. Cohorts of 3 @entity0 received increasing dose levels of the combination. Levels 1 to 4 included a fixed dose of oral (p.o.) UFT (250 mg/m(2)/day) for 21 days of a 28-day cycle combined with increasing intravenous (i.v.) doses of @entity6 (80, 100, 110 and 120 mg/m(2)) on days 1, 8 and 15. Levels 5 and 6 included a higher fixed dose of oral UFT (300 mg/m(2)) combined with increasing i.v. doses of @entity6 (100 and 110 mg/m(2)) on days 1, 8 and 15. 147 courses were administered. MTD were reached at level 4 (2 cases of grade 4 @entity3 and 1 grade 3 @entity4 ), and level 6 (1 grade 4 @entity3 , 1 grade 3 @entity3 and 1 grade 3 @entity5 ). Responses in 30 evaluable @entity0 were: 3 partial responses (10%), 15 stable disease (50%) and progressive disease in 12 @entity0 (40%). Median time to progression was 4.5 months (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 3.4-6.6 months) and median survival was 11 months (95% CI: 7.9-14.1 months). The recommended doses for phase II trials are: (a) @entity6 110 mg/m(2) i.v. on days 1, 8 and 15 every 28 days plus UFT 250 mg/m(2) p.o. on days 1 through to 21 or (b) @entity6 100 mg/m(2) and UFT 300 mg/m(2).

title: Phase I trial of weekly @entity6 combined with UFT as second-line treatment for advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting @entity2 (DLT) of weekly Irinotecan ( @entity6 ) plus UFT, and to assess the antitumour activity of this combination as second-line chemotherapy in @entity0 with advanced @entity1 , 31 @entity0 with measurable advanced @entity1 were treated. Cohorts of 3 @entity0 received increasing dose levels of the combination. Levels 1 to 4 included a fixed dose of oral (p.o.) UFT (250 mg/m(2)/day) for 21 days of a 28-day cycle combined with increasing intravenous (i.v.) doses of @entity6 (80, 100, 110 and 120 mg/m(2)) on days 1, 8 and 15. Levels 5 and 6 included a higher fixed dose of oral UFT (300 mg/m(2)) combined with increasing i.v. doses of @entity6 (100 and 110 mg/m(2)) on days 1, 8 and 15. 147 courses were administered. MTD were reached at level 4 (2 cases of grade 4 @entity3 and 1 grade 3 @entity4 ), and level 6 (1 grade 4 @entity3 , 1 grade 3 @entity3 and 1 grade 3 @entity5 ). Responses in 30 evaluable @entity0 were: 3 partial responses (10%), 15 stable disease (50%) and progressive disease in 12 @entity0 (40%). Median time to progression was 4.5 months (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 3.4-6.6 months) and median survival was 11 months (95% CI: 7.9-14.1 months). The recommended doses for phase II trials are: (a) @entity6 110 mg/m(2) i.v. on days 1, 8 and 15 every 28 days plus UFT 250 mg/m(2) p.o. on days 1 through to 21 or (b) @entity6 100 mg/m(2) and UFT 300 mg/m(2).

title: Phase I trial of weekly XXXX combined with UFT as second-line treatment for advanced @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To define high resolution computed tomography findings in the external, middle and inner ear of @entity0 with @entity6 and to emphasize the importance of these findings in the preoperative evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty one @entity0 with @entity6 (14 male, 7 female) aged between 1-30 years were evaluated with high resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone. A Toshiba TCT-600 scanner was used in 11 cases, and a Xvision/GX scanner was used in 10 cases. Sections 1 mm thick were obtained in axial and coronal projections using high bone detail algorithms. Sagittal reformations were also made when necessary. RESULTS: Forty-two ears in 21 @entity0 with @entity6 were studied. These included 8 @entity0 with high bilateral and 13 with unilateral @entity6 in which 8 @entity0 had right sided and 5 @entity0 had left sided @entity4 . @entity3 of the external auditory canal was found in 11 ears, complete @entity4 was found in 13 ears, incomplete @entity4 was found in 1 ear. There was varied @entity1 in 18 ears. Anomalies of the stapes and oval window were found in 6 ears. An anteriorly located @entity5 was identified in 11 ears. An inferiorly located tympanic segment of the facial nerve canal was identified in 2 ears, and 3 ears had an abnormal posterior orientation of the mandibular condyles. Only 2 @entity0 had associated @entity2 . CONCLUSION: High resolution computed tomography is an effective method for the evaluation of the anomalies of the external, middle and inner ear in @entity0 with @entity6 and for planning the surgical treatment.

title: [HRCT findings in XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Sex @entity4 hormones are thought, among several other risk factors, to play a role in liver @entity1 . For example, from epidemiological studies in @entity5 ( @entity5 ), a clear disadvantage for male sex is evident. In addition, elevated levels of serum @entity7 (T) and increased T to @entity2 (E(2)) ratio have been reported to predict an increased risk of @entity5 for male cirrhotic @entity0 . On the other hand, palliative treatment of @entity3 patients with anti-hormones has been widely used in the past. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying sex @entity4 action on either normal or transformed liver cells, have not yet been fully clarified, nor endocrine discriminants have been satisfactorily assessed for an adequate characterization of @entity3 tissues. In this paper, we report studies on hormonal status of @entity0 liver tissues and cells, especially focusing on @entity8 , to better define endocrine end-points of interest for @entity5 . A consistent evidence from ex vivo or in vitro systems strongly suggests that high affinity binding sites of @entity8 are expressed at sufficient concentrations to induce a biological response in either normal or phenotipically transformed hepatocytes; in the latter, however, high heterogeneity and/or more scattering concentrations were encountered. Further, experimental data seem to suggest that lack of response to @entity8 may be due to a rapid metabolic conversion of @entity6 by neoplastic tissues and cells. @entity1 hepatocytes privilege in fact 5beta more than 5alpha metabolic pathway of @entity8 . This may eventually lead biologically active @entity8 to be transformed into less active derivatives, as it occurs for T which is massively converted (>90% at 6 h) thus hindering the whole mechanism of action of @entity8 .

title: Altered androgen metabolism eventually leads XXXX to an impaired hormone responsiveness.

answer: @entity5


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of a moderate-intensity exercise or stretching intervention and changes in @entity3 , body mass index, or time spent outdoors on self-reported sleep quality and to examine the relationship between the amount and timing of exercise and sleep quality. DESIGN: A randomized intervention trial. SETTING: A @entity1 research center in Seattle, Washington. @entity0 : Postmenopausal, overweight or @entity2 , sedentary @entity0 not taking hormone replacement therapy, aged 50 to 75 years, and recruited from the Seattle metropolitan area. INTERVENTIONS: A yearlong moderate-intensity exercise (n=87) and a low-intensity stretching (n=86) program. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Among morning exercisers, those who exercised at least 225 minutes per week had less @entity4 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.3, P < or = .05) compared with those who exercised less than 180 minutes per week. However, among evening exercisers, those who exercised at least 225 minutes per week had more @entity4 (OR: 3.3, P < or = .05) compared to those who exercised less than 180 minutes per week. Stretchers were less likely to use sleep medication (OR = 0.4, P < or = .05) and have @entity4 (OR: 0.7, P < or = .10) during the intervention period compared with baseline. A greater than 10% versus a 1% or less increase in maximum O2 consumption over the year was associated with longer sleep duration (P < or = .05), less frequently falling asleep during quiet activities (P < or = .05), and less use of sleep medication (P < or = .05). Reductions in body mass index and increases in time spent outdoors had inconsistent effects on sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS: Both stretching and exercise interventions may improve sleep quality in sedentary, overweight, postmenopausal @entity0 . Increased @entity3 was associated with improvements in sleep. However, the effect of moderate-intensity exercise may depend on the amount of exercise and time of day it is performed.

title: Effects of a yearlong moderate-intensity exercise and a stretching intervention on sleep quality in postmenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To describe the diurnal, weekly and seasonal rhythm among @entity0 suffering from out of hospital @entity1 in Sweden. METHODS: All @entity0 in Sweden between 1990 and 1999 participating in a National Registry covering 65% of all @entity0 suffering from out of hospital @entity1 where cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was attempted. Only @entity0 with a @entity1 of a cardiac aetiology and aged > 18 years were included in the survey. RESULTS: 10,868 @entity0 fulfilled inclusion criteria. In terms of the diurnal rhythm, there was a progressive increase in the development of @entity1 from 06:00 h, reaching a peak at about 10:00 h. Thereafter, there was a progressive decline until 05:00 h. The diurnal rhythm was more marked among @entity0 aged > 65 years and among @entity0 in whom the arrest occurred outside home. There was a weekly rhythm with an increased incidence of @entity1 on Mondays. This was particularly evident among @entity0 aged < 66 years and among @entity0 . A @entity1 occurred most frequently in January and December. This was particularly observed in the large cities. CONCLUSION: We found that out of hospital @entity1 of a cardiac etiology has a diurnal, weekly and seasonal rhythm occurring most frequently in the morning hours, on Mondays and in December and January. Age, sex and place of arrest influence these rhythms.

title: Diurnal, weekly and seasonal rhythm of out of hospital XXXX in Sweden.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity0 and families commonly experience spiritual stress during an @entity2 ( @entity2 ) admission. Although most @entity0 report that they want spiritual support, little is known about how these issues are addressed by hospital chaplains. OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence, timing, and nature of hospital chaplain encounters in ICUs. METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of adult ICUs at an academic medical center. Measures included days from @entity2 admission to initial chaplain visit, days from chaplain visit to @entity2 @entity1 or discharge, hospital and @entity2 lengths of stay, severity of illness at @entity2 admission and chaplain visit, and chart documentation of chaplain communication with the @entity2 team. RESULTS: Of a total of 4169 @entity2 admissions over six months, 248 (5.9%) @entity0 were seen by chaplains. Of the 246 @entity0 who died in an @entity2 , 197 (80%) were seen by a chaplain. There was a median of two days from @entity2 admission to chaplain encounter and a median of one day from chaplain encounter to @entity2 discharge or @entity1 . Chaplains communicated with nurses after 141 encounters (56.9%) but with physicians after only 14 encounters (5.6%); there was no documented communication in 55 encounters (22%). CONCLUSION: In the ICUs at this tertiary medical center, chaplain visits are uncommon and generally occur just before @entity1 among @entity2 @entity0 . Communication between chaplains and physicians is rare. Chaplaincy service is primarily reserved for dying @entity0 and their family members rather than providing proactive spiritual support. These observations highlight the need to better understand challenges and barriers to optimal chaplain involvement in @entity2 @entity0 care.

title: "The XXXX is Dying, Please Call the Chaplain": The Activities of Chaplains in One Medical Center's Intensive Care Units.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study possible synergistic effects of oats and soy on reducing total and low-density lipoprotein @entity1 (LDL-C) concentrations in @entity0 beings and the efficacy and feasibility of including these adjustments to a National @entity1 Education Program Step I diet. SUBJECT/SETTING: One hundred twenty-seven postmenopausal @entity0 with moderate @entity3 were recruited from a large Midwestern workforce and senior centers in the surrounding community. Intervention and clinical visits were conducted in these same facilities. DESIGN: After a 3-week lead-in period on the Step I diet, @entity0 were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments for an additional 6 weeks: an oats/milk group, a @entity4 /soy group, an oats/soy group, and a @entity4 /milk group. Clinical measurements included blood draws, body weight and height, blood pressure, and medical history data. Three-day food records were collected at baseline and Weeks 3 and 9 of the intervention. Randomization was stratified based on the status of hormone replacement therapy and was blocked with sizes 4 or 8 for group assignment. RESULTS: After 3 weeks on the Step I diet, total @entity1 , LDL-C, and @entity2 levels; total fat and saturated fat intake, dietary @entity1 intake, Keys score, and body mass index were all reduced. Following an additional 6 weeks on the Step I diet plus intervention, total @entity1 and LDL-C were further reduced for both the oats/soy group and oats/milk group. There were no significant further changes in total @entity1 , LDL-C, or high-density lipoprotein @entity1 levels in the @entity4 /soy and @entity4 /milk groups. Body mass index remained stable in all groups from Week 3 to Week 9. APPLICATIONS: Nonpharmacologic dietary interventions like the Step I diet are feasible in a community setting and can produce rapid and significant lipid-lowering benefits. Daily consumption of 2 servings of oats can contribute to further lipid alterations in this population although soy intake at this dose may not. Palatability and convenience are important considerations in achieving dietary adherence.

title: Oats and soy in lipid-lowering diets for @entity0 with XXXX : is there synergy?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study possible synergistic effects of oats and soy on reducing total and low-density lipoprotein @entity1 (LDL-C) concentrations in @entity0 beings and the efficacy and feasibility of including these adjustments to a National @entity1 Education Program Step I diet. SUBJECT/SETTING: One hundred twenty-seven postmenopausal @entity0 with moderate @entity3 were recruited from a large Midwestern workforce and senior centers in the surrounding community. Intervention and clinical visits were conducted in these same facilities. DESIGN: After a 3-week lead-in period on the Step I diet, @entity0 were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments for an additional 6 weeks: an oats/milk group, a @entity4 /soy group, an oats/soy group, and a @entity4 /milk group. Clinical measurements included blood draws, body weight and height, blood pressure, and medical history data. Three-day food records were collected at baseline and Weeks 3 and 9 of the intervention. Randomization was stratified based on the status of hormone replacement therapy and was blocked with sizes 4 or 8 for group assignment. RESULTS: After 3 weeks on the Step I diet, total @entity1 , LDL-C, and @entity2 levels; total fat and saturated fat intake, dietary @entity1 intake, Keys score, and body mass index were all reduced. Following an additional 6 weeks on the Step I diet plus intervention, total @entity1 and LDL-C were further reduced for both the oats/soy group and oats/milk group. There were no significant further changes in total @entity1 , LDL-C, or high-density lipoprotein @entity1 levels in the @entity4 /soy and @entity4 /milk groups. Body mass index remained stable in all groups from Week 3 to Week 9. APPLICATIONS: Nonpharmacologic dietary interventions like the Step I diet are feasible in a community setting and can produce rapid and significant lipid-lowering benefits. Daily consumption of 2 servings of oats can contribute to further lipid alterations in this population although soy intake at this dose may not. Palatability and convenience are important considerations in achieving dietary adherence.

title: Oats and soy in lipid-lowering diets for XXXX with @entity3 : is there synergy?

answer: @entity0


abstract: SETTING: Thirty-eight district and mission hospitals in Malawi. OBJECTIVES: In @entity0 registered with all types of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in 1997 to determine 1) treatment outcomes, and 2) when in the course of anti- @entity2 treatment @entity2 @entity1 occurred. DESIGN: A retrospective study using information from @entity2 registers, health centre registers, @entity2 treatment cards and @entity2 ward admission books. RESULTS: A total of 16,004 @entity0 were registered with all types of @entity2 , 6471 with smear-positive @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 5305 with smear-negative @entity3 and 4228 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Of @entity0 with all types of @entity2 , 3720 (23%) died: @entity1 rates were 22% in smear-positive @entity3 , 26% in smear-negative @entity3 and 22% in @entity3 . Month of @entity1 was known in 3371 @entity0 (91% of those who died) and day of @entity1 in 3326 @entity0 (89% of those who died). In @entity0 who died, 19% of @entity1 occurred by day 7 and 41% by the end of the first month of treatment. A higher proportion of early @entity1 occurred in @entity0 with smear-negative @entity3 and @entity3 and in relation to increasing age. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high overall @entity1 rate in @entity2 @entity0 registered in 1997, with 40% of @entity1 occurring in the first month of treatment. Strategies to combat this problem are needed.

title: High early @entity1 rate in XXXX @entity0 in Malawi.

answer: @entity2


abstract: SETTING: Thirty-eight district and mission hospitals in Malawi. OBJECTIVES: In @entity0 registered with all types of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in 1997 to determine 1) treatment outcomes, and 2) when in the course of anti- @entity2 treatment @entity2 @entity1 occurred. DESIGN: A retrospective study using information from @entity2 registers, health centre registers, @entity2 treatment cards and @entity2 ward admission books. RESULTS: A total of 16,004 @entity0 were registered with all types of @entity2 , 6471 with smear-positive @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 5305 with smear-negative @entity3 and 4228 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Of @entity0 with all types of @entity2 , 3720 (23%) died: @entity1 rates were 22% in smear-positive @entity3 , 26% in smear-negative @entity3 and 22% in @entity3 . Month of @entity1 was known in 3371 @entity0 (91% of those who died) and day of @entity1 in 3326 @entity0 (89% of those who died). In @entity0 who died, 19% of @entity1 occurred by day 7 and 41% by the end of the first month of treatment. A higher proportion of early @entity1 occurred in @entity0 with smear-negative @entity3 and @entity3 and in relation to increasing age. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high overall @entity1 rate in @entity2 @entity0 registered in 1997, with 40% of @entity1 occurring in the first month of treatment. Strategies to combat this problem are needed.

title: High early XXXX rate in @entity2 @entity0 in Malawi.

answer: @entity1


abstract: SETTING: Thirty-eight district and mission hospitals in Malawi. OBJECTIVES: In @entity0 registered with all types of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in 1997 to determine 1) treatment outcomes, and 2) when in the course of anti- @entity2 treatment @entity2 @entity1 occurred. DESIGN: A retrospective study using information from @entity2 registers, health centre registers, @entity2 treatment cards and @entity2 ward admission books. RESULTS: A total of 16,004 @entity0 were registered with all types of @entity2 , 6471 with smear-positive @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 5305 with smear-negative @entity3 and 4228 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Of @entity0 with all types of @entity2 , 3720 (23%) died: @entity1 rates were 22% in smear-positive @entity3 , 26% in smear-negative @entity3 and 22% in @entity3 . Month of @entity1 was known in 3371 @entity0 (91% of those who died) and day of @entity1 in 3326 @entity0 (89% of those who died). In @entity0 who died, 19% of @entity1 occurred by day 7 and 41% by the end of the first month of treatment. A higher proportion of early @entity1 occurred in @entity0 with smear-negative @entity3 and @entity3 and in relation to increasing age. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high overall @entity1 rate in @entity2 @entity0 registered in 1997, with 40% of @entity1 occurring in the first month of treatment. Strategies to combat this problem are needed.

title: High early @entity1 rate in @entity2 XXXX in Malawi.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Primary cultures of @entity0 monocyte-derived macrophages (n = 50) were characterized in order to use this cellular model to establish a proteomic map of macrophages. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from healthy donors' blood using density gradient centrifugation. The cell culture quality was checked in respect of several morphological and molecular aspects. The homogeneity and purity of cells was assessed after 12 days' primary culture with phase microscopy, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Monocytes were completely differentiated into macrophages within 12 days as shown by phase microscopy. On day 12, all cells expressed @entity1 antigen and were negative for CD3. Flow cytometry experiments showed a purity of the primary culture on day 12, in a range between 76% and 98% of @entity3 + cells. The functionality of cells was characterized for the presence of @entity4 as an intracellular marker and for the presence of @entity2 as a marker secreted into the culture medium. This study allowed to determine criteria of quality and functionality for the primary culture of monocyte-derived macrophages. Cultures meeting these criteria will be used for the proteomic analysis and the establishment of the reference map.

title: Morphology, homogeneity and functionality of XXXX monocytes-derived macrophages.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Cardiac septal overgrowth complicates 10-40% of births from diabetic mothers, but perplexingly @entity6 markers during pregnancy are not reliably predictive. We thus tested whether fetal exposure to @entity6 is sufficient to induce fetal cardiac septal overgrowth even in the @entity0 . To isolate the effects of @entity6 , we infused @entity3 into the blood supply of the left but not right uterine horn in nondiabetic pregnant @entity1 starting on gestational day 19. After 24   h infusion, right-sided fetuses and dams remained euglycemic while left-sided fetuses were moderately @entity5 . Echocardiograms in utero demonstrated a thickened @entity2 among left-sided ( @entity3 -exposed, 0.592    0.016   mm) compared to right-sided (control, 0.482    0.016   mm) fetuses. Myocardial proliferation was increased 1.5    0.2-fold among left-sided compared to right-sided fetuses. Transcriptional markers of @entity3 -derived anabolism were not different between sides. However, left-sided fetuses exhibited higher serum insulin and greater @entity7 phosphorylation compared to controls. These results show that @entity5 exposure is sufficient to rapidly induce septal overgrowth even in the absence of the myriad other factors of maternal @entity0 . This suggests that even transient spikes in @entity3 may incite @entity2 , perhaps explaining the poor clinical correlation of @entity4 with @entity6 .

title: Maternal XXXX Directly and Rapidly Induces Cardiac Septal Overgrowth in Fetal @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Cardiac septal overgrowth complicates 10-40% of births from diabetic mothers, but perplexingly @entity6 markers during pregnancy are not reliably predictive. We thus tested whether fetal exposure to @entity6 is sufficient to induce fetal cardiac septal overgrowth even in the @entity0 . To isolate the effects of @entity6 , we infused @entity3 into the blood supply of the left but not right uterine horn in nondiabetic pregnant @entity1 starting on gestational day 19. After 24   h infusion, right-sided fetuses and dams remained euglycemic while left-sided fetuses were moderately @entity5 . Echocardiograms in utero demonstrated a thickened @entity2 among left-sided ( @entity3 -exposed, 0.592    0.016   mm) compared to right-sided (control, 0.482    0.016   mm) fetuses. Myocardial proliferation was increased 1.5    0.2-fold among left-sided compared to right-sided fetuses. Transcriptional markers of @entity3 -derived anabolism were not different between sides. However, left-sided fetuses exhibited higher serum insulin and greater @entity7 phosphorylation compared to controls. These results show that @entity5 exposure is sufficient to rapidly induce septal overgrowth even in the absence of the myriad other factors of maternal @entity0 . This suggests that even transient spikes in @entity3 may incite @entity2 , perhaps explaining the poor clinical correlation of @entity4 with @entity6 .

title: Maternal @entity6 Directly and Rapidly Induces Cardiac Septal Overgrowth in Fetal XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Autogenous iliac crest bone grafts are often used for @entity0 undergoing @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Study findings have shown that @entity1 at the iliac crest donor site can often be more severe than that at the primary operation site. A method used to eliminate @entity1 after bone harvesting involves infiltration of a local anesthetic directly into the site. This study examined the efficacy of local anesthetic infiltration in the control of donor site @entity1 , utilizing a randomized, double-blind, placebo-conrolled design. All @entity0 received standard postoperative intravenous and oral analgesic. Those in the study group also received six injections of @entity3 0.25% into the donor site, while @entity0 in the placebo group received normal saline injections. @entity0 receiving @entity3 (n = 14) consistently reported lower @entity1 scores than @entity0 receiving the placebo (n = 8), with significant differences noted 3 hours after the first and second doses of the study drug. The @entity3 group's mean @entity2 intake for the first 24 hours after surgery was found to be lower (32 mg; placebo 44 mg), whereas @entity0 younger than 49 years who received @entity3 were found, on average, to have stayed in the hospital one day less (3.6 days) than placebo group @entity0 (4.5 days). Younger @entity0 receiving @entity3 required less @entity2 and had, on average, a reduced length of stay. The clinical implication of using local anesthetic for the relief of donor site @entity1 suggests that it is a safe and efficacious technique.

title: Double-blind, randomized, controlled trial of local anesthetic use for iliac crest donor site XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The authors present the technical and anatomical nuances needed to perform an endoscopic endonasal removal of a @entity5 . The @entity0 is a 47-year-old female with @entity2 and an incidental finding of a small @entity5 with no vascular encasement, no optic canal invasion, but mild inferior to superior compression of the cisternal segment of the left optic nerve. Neuroophthalmology assessment revealed no @entity4 . Treatment options included clinical observation with imaging follow-up studies, radiosurgery, and resection. The @entity0 elected to undergo surgical removal and an endonasal endoscopic approach was the preferred surgical option. Preoperative radiological studies showed the presence of an osseous ring between the left middle and anterior clinoids, the so-called carotico-clinoidal ring. The surgical implications of this finding and its management are illustrated. The surgical anatomy of the suprasellar region is reviewed, including concepts such as the chiasmatic sulcus and limbus sphenoidale, medial and lateral optico-carotid recesses, and the paraclinoidal and @entity7 . Emphasis is made in the importance of exposing the distal dural ring of the internal carotid artery and the precanalicular segment of the optic nerve for adequate intradural dissection. The endonasal route allows for @entity6 of the @entity1 meningeal supply and extensive resection of dural attachments, and importantly, provides an inferior to superior access to the infrachiasmatic region that facilitates complete @entity1 removal without any manipulation of the optic nerve. The lateral limit of dural removal is formed by the distal dural ring, which is gently coagulated after the @entity1 is resected. A 45   scope is used to inspect for any @entity3 , in particular at the entrance of the optic nerve into the optic canal and at the most anterior margin of the exposure (limbus sphenoidale). The steps for reconstruction are detailed and include intradural placement of dural substitute and extradural placement of the nasoseptal flap. The nuances for proper harvesting, positioning, and reinforcement of the flap are described. No lumbar drain was used. The @entity0 had an uneventful recovery with no CSF leak or any other complications. Imaging follow-up at 6 months showed complete @entity1 . The @entity0 had no sinonasal or neurological symptoms, and olfaction was fully preserved. The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/kkuV-yyEHMg .

title: Endoscopic endonasal approach for a XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the consequences of pregnancy on @entity0 affected by @entity2 and to clarify the impact of the disease on maternal and newborn health. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Pregnancy survey from the French Cystic Fibrosis Registry. POPULATION: @entity0 with @entity2 having a pregnancy between 1980 and 1999. METHODS: During the 1980-1999 period, 90 pregnancies in 80 French female @entity0 were registered in the pregnancy survey of the French Cystic Fibrosis Registry. General and clinical data before pregnancy were noted. Outcome of the pregnancy was described. Variations of pulmonary function and body weight during pregnancy were evaluated. Comparison between a group of pregnant @entity0 and a group of non-pregnant cystic fibrotic @entity0 of same age and genotype, followed in the same care centre network, was made. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Spirometric and nutritional parameters, vital status and perinatal health indicators. RESULTS: The outcome was identified for 75 cases: 64 delivered babies (45 at term and 10 prematurely, prematurity rate: 18%), 10 abortions (five spontaneous and five therapeutic or medical), and one maternal death during pregnancy. The proportion of newborns with low weight was 29.8%. Mean maternal weight gain during pregnancy was 5.5 kg. Four affected @entity0 were diagnosed after birth. A decline in the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity was observed between the beginning of pregnancy and the year following the delivery. However, no significant difference was found when comparing the variation in the pulmonary function during pregnancy between cases and controls. Moreover, the pulmonary status before pregnancy was better than the status of non-pregnant @entity0 . Among 12 @entity1 recorded after pregnancy, only three happened in the year following the pregnancy. All three @entity0 had an FEV1 < 50% before pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy only has a slight adverse effect on maternal health if the @entity0 are in good general condition before starting pregnancy. @entity0 with a better health status are more inclined to initiate and successfully complete a pregnancy. Complete collaboration between @entity2 and obstetricians should be observed to allow @entity0 to deliver @entity0 in the best conditions.

title: XXXX and pregnancy. Report from French data (1980-1999).

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of @entity1 in @entity0 with idiopathic clubfeet who had undergone surgical intervention with a circumferential release through a Cincinnati incision in early infancy. METHODS: A retrospective follow-up evaluation of @entity0 with @entity2 was conducted. We reviewed @entity0 who had undergone surgical treatment by a circumferential release in our department after unsuccessful casting, and who were at least 10 years of age. Main focus was the measurement of anteroposterior and lateral view radiographs for distal @entity1 . Of 65 @entity0 (93 feet) who had surgery for @entity2 from 1998 to 2002, radiographic data of 35 @entity0 (52 feet) were analyzed. RESULTS: An @entity1 was present in 25 of 52 feet (48.1%) and a @entity1 in 29 of 52 feet (55.8%). A flat-top talus was evident to some degree in all cases. An abnormal lateral talocalcaneal angle was evident in 42.3%. CONCLUSIONS: These results show the importance of conducting follow-up evaluations on @entity0 with @entity2 for @entity1 . This is the first study, to our knowledge, highlighting the high incidence of distal @entity1 after surgery for @entity2 . It is unclear at this time whether this is also true for clubfeet after conservative treatment. However, @entity0 with clubfeet should have radiographs of the ankle joint between the age of 10 and 12 years to be able to treat possible @entity1 through guided growth. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

title: Growth Disturbance of the Distal Tibia in XXXX With Idiopathic Clubfeet: Ankle Valgus and Anteflexion of the Distal Tibia.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Mechanical compression of cartilage is associated with a rise in the interstitial osmotic pressure, which can alter cell volume and activate volume recovery pathways. One of the early events implicated in regulatory volume changes and mechanotransduction is an increase of intracellular @entity1 ion ([ @entity0 ](i)). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that osmotic stress initiates intracellular @entity0 signaling in chondrocytes. Using laser scanning microscopy and digital image processing, [ @entity0 ](i) and cell volume were monitored in chondrocytes exposed to @entity6 . Control experiments showed that exposure to hyper-osmotic solution caused significant decreases in cell volume as well as transient increases in [ @entity0 ](i). The initial peak in [ @entity0 ](i) was generally followed by @entity2 . Pretreatment with @entity4 , a non-specific blocker of mechanosensitive ion channels, inhibited this [ @entity0 ](i) increase. @entity1 -free media eliminated [ @entity0 ](i) increases in all cases. Pretreatment with @entity7 , @entity5 , or heparin (blockers of the @entity8 pathway), or pertussis toxin (a blocker of G-proteins) significantly decreased the percentage of cells responding to osmotic stress and nearly abolished all oscillations. Cell volume decreased with @entity3 and recovered towards baseline levels throughout the duration of the control experiments. The peak volume change with 550 mOsm osmotic stress, as well as the percent recovery of cell volume, was dependent on [ @entity0 ](i.) These findings indicate that osmotic stress causes significant volume change in chondrocytes and may activate an intracellular second messenger signal by inducing transient increases in [ @entity0 ](i).

title: Hyper-osmotic stress induces volume change and XXXX transients in chondrocytes by transmembrane, phospholipid, and G-protein pathways.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have recently found that the @entity2 @entity4 suppresses inflammatory responses in serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E-positive @entity1 @entity0 , and that IgE levels can decrease in these @entity0 . The mechanism by which @entity4 suppresses these responses is unknown. OBJECTIVE: We have now investigated the ability of the @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity7 , to regulate IgE responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from serum IgE-positive @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: The distributions of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and @entity3 + lymphocytes in peripheral blood of serum IgE-positive @entity1 @entity0 and IgE-negative nonasthmatic controls, and cytokine-specific mRNA expression by their PBMC were determined by flow cytometry (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction). Serum Ig levels also were determined (nephelometry, fluoroenzymeimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay; n = 7/group). PBMC (1.5 x 10(6)/mL) were cultured with anti- @entity6 monoclonal antibody and recombinant @entity0 @entity8 in the presence/absence of @entity4 or @entity7 (0.1 to 10 microg/mL), and IgE levels in supernatants determined on days 0, 3, and 10 (enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay). RESULTS: Asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects had similar numbers of blood CD4+ T cells (779/mm3 +/- 73 and 766 +/- 115, respectively) and @entity3 + B-cells (239/mm3 +/- 35 and 379 +/- 95, respectively); however, CD8+ T cell numbers were decreased in @entity1 compared with nonasthmatic subjects (378/mm3 +/- 66 and 568 +/- 53, respectively; P = 0.045). High IgE levels were detected in supernatants of @entity1 PBMC on day 10 (28 ng/mL +/- 12), whereas control IgE levels did not change (<2.5 ng/mL). When either @entity4 or @entity7 was included in culture, IgE production by @entity1 PBMC was strongly suppressed in dose-dependent fashion on day 10 (>80% with 10 microg/mL); control IgE did not change (<2.5 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS: The results are consistent with the idea that the therapeutic benefits obtained by @entity1 @entity0 from @entity4 may, in part, result from IgE suppression.

title: Effect of XXXX and @entity7 on IgE responses.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have recently found that the @entity2 @entity4 suppresses inflammatory responses in serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E-positive @entity1 @entity0 , and that IgE levels can decrease in these @entity0 . The mechanism by which @entity4 suppresses these responses is unknown. OBJECTIVE: We have now investigated the ability of the @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity7 , to regulate IgE responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from serum IgE-positive @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: The distributions of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and @entity3 + lymphocytes in peripheral blood of serum IgE-positive @entity1 @entity0 and IgE-negative nonasthmatic controls, and cytokine-specific mRNA expression by their PBMC were determined by flow cytometry (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction). Serum Ig levels also were determined (nephelometry, fluoroenzymeimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay; n = 7/group). PBMC (1.5 x 10(6)/mL) were cultured with anti- @entity6 monoclonal antibody and recombinant @entity0 @entity8 in the presence/absence of @entity4 or @entity7 (0.1 to 10 microg/mL), and IgE levels in supernatants determined on days 0, 3, and 10 (enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay). RESULTS: Asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects had similar numbers of blood CD4+ T cells (779/mm3 +/- 73 and 766 +/- 115, respectively) and @entity3 + B-cells (239/mm3 +/- 35 and 379 +/- 95, respectively); however, CD8+ T cell numbers were decreased in @entity1 compared with nonasthmatic subjects (378/mm3 +/- 66 and 568 +/- 53, respectively; P = 0.045). High IgE levels were detected in supernatants of @entity1 PBMC on day 10 (28 ng/mL +/- 12), whereas control IgE levels did not change (<2.5 ng/mL). When either @entity4 or @entity7 was included in culture, IgE production by @entity1 PBMC was strongly suppressed in dose-dependent fashion on day 10 (>80% with 10 microg/mL); control IgE did not change (<2.5 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS: The results are consistent with the idea that the therapeutic benefits obtained by @entity1 @entity0 from @entity4 may, in part, result from IgE suppression.

title: Effect of @entity4 and XXXX on IgE responses.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: For suspected scaphoid @entity1 with no radiographic evidence of @entity1 , treating symptoms with immobilization and radiographic follow-up has long been the standard of care. Modified MR imaging of the wrist is offered at our institution in screening for radiographically occult scaphoid @entity1 at the time of initial presentation to the emergency department. We show the advantages and comparative costs of this modified protocol versus a traditional protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our modified protocol consists of coronal thin-section T1-weighted and fast spin-echo T2-weighted MR images with fat saturation. A review of the literature was performed to assess the accuracy of clinical examination, radiography, and other modalities in the evaluation of scaphoid @entity1 of the wrist. Charges for this procedure are compared with charges for traditional follow-up. RESULTS: Three of four @entity0 with positive results at clinical examination and negative findings on initial radiographs will be needlessly immobilized and monitored. The charges to the @entity0 at our institution for screening MR imaging of the wrist are  770. The total charges to the @entity0 with the traditional protocol, which would not be necessary with screening MR imaging, are  677 or more if a diagnosis is not made at this time. Bone scanning or routine MR imaging is often eventually used. CONCLUSION: Cost analysis at our institution suggests the two protocols are nearly equivalent from a financial standpoint. The loss of productivity for @entity0 who are unnecessarily in casts or splints may be substantial. Screening MR imaging of the wrist in this setting is becoming accepted at our institution in a manner similar to screening MR imaging of the hip.

title: Cost-effectiveness of immediate MR imaging versus traditional follow-up for revealing radiographically occult scaphoid XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 -dependent factors protect against @entity2 , and @entity6 antagonists may be associated with a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed changes in GFR during long-term treatment with @entity5 or @entity7 (DE) in @entity0 enrolled in the RE-LY (Randomized Evaluation of Long Term Anticoagulation Therapy) trial. METHODS: Of the 18,113 @entity0 in the RE-LY study randomized to receive DE (110 mg or 150 mg twice daily) or @entity5 , 16,490 @entity0 with @entity3 had @entity4 values measured at baseline and at least 1 follow-up visit. Changes in GFR for up to 30 months were evaluated. RESULTS: GFR declined in all treatment groups. After an average of 30 months, the mean    SE decline in GFR was significantly greater with @entity5 (-3.68    0.24 ml/min) compared with DE 110 mg (-2.57    0.24 ml/min; p  = 0.0009 vs. @entity5 ) and DE 150 mg (-2.46    0.23 ml/min; p  = 0.0002 vs. @entity5 ). A decrease in GFR >25% was less likely with DE 110 mg (hazard ratio: 0.81 [95% confidence interval: 0.69 to 0.96]; p  = 0.017) or DE 150 mg (hazard ratio: 0.79 [95% confidence interval: 0.68 to 0.93]; p  =  0.0056) than with @entity5 in the observation period >18 months. @entity0 with poor international normalized ratio control (i.e., time in therapeutic range  <65%) exhibited a faster decline in GFR. A more pronounced decline in GFR was associated with previous @entity5 use and with the presence of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity3 receiving oral anticoagulation exhibited a decline in renal function that was greater in those taking @entity5 versus DE, and it was amplified by @entity1 and previous @entity6 antagonist use. (Randomized Evaluation of Long Term Anticoagulant Therapy [RE-LY] With @entity7 ; NCT00262600).

title: Changes in Renal Function in @entity0 With XXXX : An Analysis From the RE-LY Trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 -dependent factors protect against @entity2 , and @entity6 antagonists may be associated with a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed changes in GFR during long-term treatment with @entity5 or @entity7 (DE) in @entity0 enrolled in the RE-LY (Randomized Evaluation of Long Term Anticoagulation Therapy) trial. METHODS: Of the 18,113 @entity0 in the RE-LY study randomized to receive DE (110 mg or 150 mg twice daily) or @entity5 , 16,490 @entity0 with @entity3 had @entity4 values measured at baseline and at least 1 follow-up visit. Changes in GFR for up to 30 months were evaluated. RESULTS: GFR declined in all treatment groups. After an average of 30 months, the mean    SE decline in GFR was significantly greater with @entity5 (-3.68    0.24 ml/min) compared with DE 110 mg (-2.57    0.24 ml/min; p  = 0.0009 vs. @entity5 ) and DE 150 mg (-2.46    0.23 ml/min; p  = 0.0002 vs. @entity5 ). A decrease in GFR >25% was less likely with DE 110 mg (hazard ratio: 0.81 [95% confidence interval: 0.69 to 0.96]; p  = 0.017) or DE 150 mg (hazard ratio: 0.79 [95% confidence interval: 0.68 to 0.93]; p  =  0.0056) than with @entity5 in the observation period >18 months. @entity0 with poor international normalized ratio control (i.e., time in therapeutic range  <65%) exhibited a faster decline in GFR. A more pronounced decline in GFR was associated with previous @entity5 use and with the presence of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity3 receiving oral anticoagulation exhibited a decline in renal function that was greater in those taking @entity5 versus DE, and it was amplified by @entity1 and previous @entity6 antagonist use. (Randomized Evaluation of Long Term Anticoagulant Therapy [RE-LY] With @entity7 ; NCT00262600).

title: Changes in Renal Function in XXXX With @entity3 : An Analysis From the RE-LY Trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: A growing segment of the population-adults aged >= 65 years-is more susceptible than younger adults to certain enteric (including foodborne) @entity2 and experience more severe disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using data on laboratory-confirmed @entity2 from the @entity6 Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), we describe trends in the incidence of Campylobacter spp., @entity3 O157, @entity4 , and @entity5 in adults aged >= 65 years over time and by age group and sex. We used data from FoodNet and other sources to estimate the total number of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths in the United States caused by these @entity2 each year using a statistical model to adjust for underdiagnosis (taking into account medical care-seeking, stool sample submission, laboratory practices, and test sensitivity). RESULTS: From 1996 to 2012, 4 pathogens caused 21,405 laboratory-confirmed @entity2 among older adults residing in the FoodNet surveillance area; 49.3% were hospitalized, and 2.6% died. The average annual rate of @entity2 was highest for @entity5 (12.8/100,000) and Campylobacter (12.1/100,000). @entity5 and Listeria led as causes of @entity1 . Among older adults, rates of laboratory-confirmed @entity2 and the percentage of @entity0 who were hospitalized and who died generally increased with age. A notable exception was the rate of @entity7 , which decreased with increasing age. Adjusting for underdiagnosis, we estimated that these pathogens caused about 226,000 illnesses (   600/100,000) annually among U.S. adults aged >= 65 years, resulting in   9700 hospitalizations and    500 deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Campylobacter, @entity3 O157, Listeria, and @entity5 are major contributors to illness in older adults, highlighting the value of effective and targeted intervention.

title: Bacterial Enteric Infections Among Older Adults in the United States: XXXX Active Surveillance Network, 1996-2012.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In previous investigations, we have shown @entity8 ( @entity9 ) caused significant reduction of proliferation and differentiation of @entity1 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. In this study, we first treat the @entity1 with @entity9 , then carried out the biochemical and morphological studies on MSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Proliferation property of cells was evaluated with the help of @entity2 assay, @entity7 , population doubling number, and colony forming assay. Differentiation property was evaluated with quantitative @entity6 red assay, measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity as well as intracellular @entity5 content. In addition; morphological study, TUNEL test, activated caspase assay, and comet assay were performed to evaluate the mechanism of the cell death. RESULTS: The results showed significant reduction in the colony-forming-ability and population-doubling-number of extracted cells when compared to control ones. In addition, it was revealed that the @entity9 treatment of @entity1 caused significant reduction in nuclear diameter, cytoplasm shrinkage, and induction of caspase-dependent-apoptosis. Also there was significant reduction in ALP activity, intracellular @entity5 content, and intracellular matrix following osteogenic differentiation. CONCLUSION: As MSCs are the cellular back up for bone remodeling and repair, we suggest more investigations to be conducted regarding the correlation between the increasing number of @entity0 suffering from @entity4 and @entity9 @entity3 . Also, we strongly recommend WHO and local health organization to prevent industries of using @entity9 in formulation of industrial products which may cause changes in proliferation and differentiation properties of stem cells.

title: Biochemical and morphological changes in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by treatment of XXXX with p-Nonylphenol.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A retrospective study is presented of 14 @entity0 with pathologic @entity3 of the humerus (12 established, two impending) treated with Seidel nailing from 1988 through 1995 in the authors' institution. There were nine @entity0 and five @entity0 whose average age was 59.5 years. Breast, prostate, and kidney @entity4 accounted for the majority of the primary lesions. All but one lesion were located in the middle shaft of the humerus. Ten lesions were considered large (> 5 cm long). In five cases an open curettage and allografting were done. Early @entity2 relief was successful in 85% of the @entity0 . The worst complication found was @entity1 in two (14.28%) @entity0 . Ten @entity3 healed and two failed to heal. Two thirds of the @entity0 had good functional results. The average survival was 12 months. Intramedullary fixation of pathologic @entity3 improves the quality of life by controlling @entity2 for most @entity0 .

title: Treatment of pathologic XXXX of the humerus with Seidel nailing.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The therapeutic efficacy of @entity6 , @entity0 , @entity5 , @entity7 and @entity5 + @entity7 combination was evaluated against @entity2 equi of Indian origin in splenectomised @entity4 with experimentally induced @entity1 . Efficacies of these drugs were tested by administering each drug or drug combination to groups of @entity4 (having three @entity4 each group). One group of @entity4 was kept as untreated control for comparing the results. Parasitaemia, haematology (WBC, RBC, @entity3 , granulocytes and haemoglobin), biochemical parameters (SAST, SALT, alkaline phosphatase, albumin/globulin ratio) were monitored at regular intervals. Individually, @entity5 and @entity7 were found to have no parasite clearing efficacy and the treated animals died within 5-6 days after showing high parasitaemia and clinical symptoms of the disease. However, @entity0 treated animals were able to restrict the parasite multiplication but only during the treatment period. Animals treated with @entity6 and @entity5 + @entity7 combination were able to clear the parasite from the blood circulation after 2-5 days post-treatment (PT). After 55-58 days PT, recrudescence of B. equi parasite was observed in both these groups and a mean survival period of 66 days and 69 days, respectively, was recorded in these groups. Results of haemato-biochemical parameters had shown that @entity6 had deleterious effect on the liver function while on the other hand @entity5 + @entity7 combination was found to be safe. This limited study indicates that @entity5 + @entity7 combination could be a better choice than @entity6 for treating B. equi infection, but further trials are required in detail.

title: In-vivo therapeutic efficacy trial with artemisinin derivative, XXXX and imidocarb dipropionate against Babesia equi infection in @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The therapeutic efficacy of @entity6 , @entity0 , @entity5 , @entity7 and @entity5 + @entity7 combination was evaluated against @entity2 equi of Indian origin in splenectomised @entity4 with experimentally induced @entity1 . Efficacies of these drugs were tested by administering each drug or drug combination to groups of @entity4 (having three @entity4 each group). One group of @entity4 was kept as untreated control for comparing the results. Parasitaemia, haematology (WBC, RBC, @entity3 , granulocytes and haemoglobin), biochemical parameters (SAST, SALT, alkaline phosphatase, albumin/globulin ratio) were monitored at regular intervals. Individually, @entity5 and @entity7 were found to have no parasite clearing efficacy and the treated animals died within 5-6 days after showing high parasitaemia and clinical symptoms of the disease. However, @entity0 treated animals were able to restrict the parasite multiplication but only during the treatment period. Animals treated with @entity6 and @entity5 + @entity7 combination were able to clear the parasite from the blood circulation after 2-5 days post-treatment (PT). After 55-58 days PT, recrudescence of B. equi parasite was observed in both these groups and a mean survival period of 66 days and 69 days, respectively, was recorded in these groups. Results of haemato-biochemical parameters had shown that @entity6 had deleterious effect on the liver function while on the other hand @entity5 + @entity7 combination was found to be safe. This limited study indicates that @entity5 + @entity7 combination could be a better choice than @entity6 for treating B. equi infection, but further trials are required in detail.

title: In-vivo therapeutic efficacy trial with artemisinin derivative, @entity7 and imidocarb dipropionate against Babesia equi infection in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia is one of the most serious complications during pregnancy with important effects on health of mother and fetus that causes maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study was performed to evaluate whether high levels of hemoglobin may increase the risk of @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to predict @entity1 by the hemoglobin profiles through longitudinal discriminant analysis and comparing the error rate of discrimination in longitudinal and cross sectional data. @entity0 AND METHODS: In a prospective cohort study from October 2010 to July 2011, 650 pregnant @entity0 referred to the prenatal clinic of Milad Hospital in Tehran were evaluated in 3 stages. The hemoglobin level of each @entity0 was measured in the first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy by an expert technician. The subjects were followed up to delivery and @entity1 was the main outcome under study. The covariance pattern and linear-mixed effects models are common methods that were applied for discriminant analysis of longitudinal data. Also Student t, Mann-Whitney U, and chi-square tests were used for comparing the demographic and clinical characteristics between two groups. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS software version 9.1. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of @entity1 was 7.2% (47 @entity0 ). The @entity0 with @entity1 had a higher mean of hemoglobin values and the difference was 0.46 g/dL (P = 0.003). Also the mean of hemoglobin in the first trimester was higher than that of the second trimester, and was lower than that of the third trimester and the differences were significant (P = 0.015 and P < 0.001, respectively). The sensitivity for longitudinal data and cross-sectional data in three trimesters was 90%, 67%, 72%, and 54% and the specificity was 88%, 55%, 63%, and 50%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The levels of hemoglobin can be used to predict @entity1 and monitoring the pregnant @entity0 and its regular measure in 3 trimesters help us to identify @entity0 at risk for @entity1 .

title: Longitudinal discriminant analysis of hemoglobin level for predicting XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-term @entity5 is a common problem in primary health care settings that is difficult to treat. Two common treatments are mental relaxation and massage. Scientific studies show contradictory results. Furthermore, many studies lack long-term follow-up even though it is a @entity2 . The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to assess possible effects of massage as compared to listening to relaxation tapes in conditions of 'diffuse' and long-term @entity5 . METHODS: 129 @entity0 from primary health care suffering from long-term @entity5 were randomized to either a massage or mental relaxation group, and assessed before, during and after treatment. RESULTS: During treatment there was a significant improvement in the three main outcome measures: self-rated health, mental energy, and @entity4 only in the massage group as compared to the relaxation group. However, at the 3-month post-treatment follow-up, there was a significant worsening in the outcome measures (time x group effect p < 0.05) back to initial rating levels in the massage group as compared to no changes in the relaxation group. CONCLUSION: Massage, but not mental relaxation, is beneficial in attenuating @entity1 . Beneficial effects were registered only during treatment. This lack of long-term benefits could be due to the short treatment period or treatments such as these do not address the underlying causes of @entity3 . Future studies of long-term @entity3 should include longer treatment periods and post-treatment follow-up. It might also be worthwhile assessing the long-term benefits from booster treatment after the initial intense treatment period.

title: A randomized clinical trial of the treatment effects of massage compared to relaxation tape recordings on diffuse long-term XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyse the functional and oncological outcome of consecutive renal-transplant recipients (RTRs) with clinically localised @entity2 who underwent radical retropubic (RRP) or perineal (RPP) prostatectomy. @entity0 AND METHODS: Between January 2000 and July 2011 16 @entity0 underwent RRP (group 1) and seven RPP (group 2). In all, 200 consecutive non-RTRs served as the control group, of whom 100 each underwent RRP and RPP, respectively. The mean (range) interval between renal transplantation and @entity4 was 95 (24-206) months, the PSA at the time of diagnosis was 4.5 (3.0-17.5) ng/mL, and the mean @entity0 age was 64 (59-67) years. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 39 (RRP) and 48  months (RPP). There was no deterioration in graft function. In group 1, 13 and three @entity0 had pT2a-cpN0 and pT3a-bpN0 @entity2 , respectively, with a Gleason score of 6, 7 and 8 in 11, three and one @entity0 , respectively. In group 2, three and four @entity0 had pT2a-c and pT3a-b disease, respectively, with a Gleason score of 6 and 7 in two and five, respectively. In both groups one @entity0 had a positive surgical margin and was followed expectantly, and all @entity0 have no evidence of disease. @entity3 developed more often in the RPP group (29% vs. 7%), but there were no Clavien grade III-V complications. All @entity0 achieved good continence, and two need one pad/day. CONCLUSIONS: RRP and RPP are suitable surgical treatments for @entity2 in RTRs. RRP might be preferable, as it has the advantage of simultaneous pelvic lymphadenectomy and a lower risk of @entity1 .

title: Radical retropubic and perineal prostatectomy for clinically localised XXXX in renal transplant recipients.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pelvic fracture @entity1 (PFUI) is an uncommon but potentially devastating result of @entity2 . It ranges in severity based on the cause and the mechanism of injury. METHODS: We reviewed previous reports to identify the incidence, causes, mechanisms of injury and risk factors of PFUI. In addition, we reviewed the current classification systems and diagnostic methods that have been described to assess the severity of PFUI, to identify optimal management strategies and evaluate outcomes. RESULTS: PFUI occurs more commonly in @entity0 , but is more likely to be severe in @entity0 . The most common cause is motor vehicle collisions, and the mechanism is typically a @entity3 at the attachment to the urethra. There is no reliable classification system to differentiate partial and complete PFUI. Retrograde urethrography is the standard imaging method but it has its limitations. CONCLUSIONS: Despite many reports describing this injury, there is still a need to further clarify the incidence, aetiology and mechanism of injury to better determine optimal management strategies and evaluate outcomes. Consensus in the diagnosis of PFUI is lacking, and outcomes of primary realignment and the role of flexible cystoscopy as a diagnostic method are still to be determined.

title: The incidence, causes, mechanism, risk factors, classification, and diagnosis of XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pelvic fracture @entity1 (PFUI) is an uncommon but potentially devastating result of @entity2 . It ranges in severity based on the cause and the mechanism of injury. METHODS: We reviewed previous reports to identify the incidence, causes, mechanisms of injury and risk factors of PFUI. In addition, we reviewed the current classification systems and diagnostic methods that have been described to assess the severity of PFUI, to identify optimal management strategies and evaluate outcomes. RESULTS: PFUI occurs more commonly in @entity0 , but is more likely to be severe in @entity0 . The most common cause is motor vehicle collisions, and the mechanism is typically a @entity3 at the attachment to the urethra. There is no reliable classification system to differentiate partial and complete PFUI. Retrograde urethrography is the standard imaging method but it has its limitations. CONCLUSIONS: Despite many reports describing this injury, there is still a need to further clarify the incidence, aetiology and mechanism of injury to better determine optimal management strategies and evaluate outcomes. Consensus in the diagnosis of PFUI is lacking, and outcomes of primary realignment and the role of flexible cystoscopy as a diagnostic method are still to be determined.

title: The incidence, causes, mechanism, risk factors, classification, and diagnosis of @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Fetal @entity3 and consecutive @entity4 result in a poor outcome. @entity1 and life threatening @entity2 have developed at term. We report a case of in utero fetal cystoscopy and successful placement of a transurethral vesico-amniotic Double-J (Medical Engineering Corp., New York, New York) stent. Indications, results and the potential benefits of different techniques are discussed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 36-year-old @entity0 (primipara) was evaluated at week 26 due to a male fetus with bilateral @entity6 , massive distended bladder and an open posterior urethra. Using local anesthesia the fetal bladder was punctured, a 2.6 mm endoscope was inserted and a wire was advanced antegrade through the penis. A 2.8Fr Double-J stent was then placed between the bladder and @entity5 . RESULTS: The bladder drained into the amnion, @entity6 disappeared and the lung developed normally. At week 37 a healthy @entity0 was delivered who voided spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS: After careful selection of candidates for fetal intervention in obstructive @entity7 direct vision fetoscopy and transurethral stent placement can be performed in @entity0 with @entity4 , favorable urinary electrolytes and normal appearing kidneys.

title: Fetoscopic placement of a transurethral stent for XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Coronary artery bypass grafting carried out in @entity0 in @entity5 or receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an infrequently performed procedure, disrupting the normal process with a dramatic early risk. These circumstances mandate an analysis of the benefit, including the early identification of the late survivors. METHODS: A consecutive series of @entity0 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting while in @entity5 (n = 167) or while receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (n = 92) from August 1979 until August 2001 were studied by using time-related and multivariate methodologies and a common-closing-date follow-up methodology. The events leading to the preoperative condition were either a recent catheterization, recent coronary artery bypass grafting, recent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, an @entity4 at home, an @entity4 in the hospital, or an @entity4 after a recent @entity4 . RESULTS: The 1- and 10-year survival was 59% +/- 6% and 47% +/- 7%, respectively. A normal hazard of late death was observed beyond the protracted early hazard. Multivariate analysis of survival identified an increased risk in the presence of additional comorbidity, treated @entity1 , a lower pH at entry into the operating theater, and the presence of @entity3 . The discriminatory power for hospital mortality of the predictive variables was low (receiving operator characteristic range, 0.56-0.69). The 30-day freedom from hospital discharge alive was 33% +/- 7%. The 8-day freedom from @entity2 was 94% +/- 3%, and 8-day freedom from mechanical univentricular or biventricular support was 87% +/- 5%. The 10-year freedom from cardiosurgical reintervention was 90% +/- 6%. CONCLUSIONS: Coronary artery bypass grafting in @entity5 or during cardiopulmonary resuscitation has an extremely high and protracted periprocedural risk but is balanced by a satisfactory late survival. An early prediction of the hospital survivors is difficult.

title: Long-term outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting in XXXX or cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Management strategy for @entity2 with @entity3 is controversial. We treated @entity0 with this anomaly according to a management protocol based on our quantitative assessment of right ventricular morphology (index of right ventricular development and right ventricle-tricuspid valve index). In the present study, we reviewed a 20-year experience of the surgical treatment at our institution to define guidelines for selecting the appropriate type of surgical procedure. METHODS: Between April 1981 and June 2002, 45 consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity3 underwent surgical treatment. Open transpulmonary valvotomy was performed in 27 @entity0 and Blalock-Taussig shunt in 18 @entity0 as the initial palliative procedure. Three @entity0 who underwent a successful transpulmonary valvotomy alone in the neonatal period required no further operation. Definitive repair was performed in 32 @entity0 . Biventricular repair was performed on 19 @entity0 , one and a half ventricular repair in 3, and Fontan-type operation in 10. RESULTS: There were 1 early and 2 late deaths before the definitive operation in @entity0 who underwent transpulmonary valvotomy. Two @entity0 who had coronary artery interruption died 3 months and 13 years after the initial Blalock-Taussig shunt. There were 1 early and 2 late deaths after the definitive operation. Actuarial survival, including @entity1 , was 91.1% at 5 years after the initial procedure and 81.5% at 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: We treated @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity3 according to a management protocol based on our quantitative assessment of right ventricular morphology with good results.

title: @entity2 with XXXX : strategy based on right ventricular morphology.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Management strategy for @entity2 with @entity3 is controversial. We treated @entity0 with this anomaly according to a management protocol based on our quantitative assessment of right ventricular morphology (index of right ventricular development and right ventricle-tricuspid valve index). In the present study, we reviewed a 20-year experience of the surgical treatment at our institution to define guidelines for selecting the appropriate type of surgical procedure. METHODS: Between April 1981 and June 2002, 45 consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity3 underwent surgical treatment. Open transpulmonary valvotomy was performed in 27 @entity0 and Blalock-Taussig shunt in 18 @entity0 as the initial palliative procedure. Three @entity0 who underwent a successful transpulmonary valvotomy alone in the neonatal period required no further operation. Definitive repair was performed in 32 @entity0 . Biventricular repair was performed on 19 @entity0 , one and a half ventricular repair in 3, and Fontan-type operation in 10. RESULTS: There were 1 early and 2 late deaths before the definitive operation in @entity0 who underwent transpulmonary valvotomy. Two @entity0 who had coronary artery interruption died 3 months and 13 years after the initial Blalock-Taussig shunt. There were 1 early and 2 late deaths after the definitive operation. Actuarial survival, including @entity1 , was 91.1% at 5 years after the initial procedure and 81.5% at 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: We treated @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity3 according to a management protocol based on our quantitative assessment of right ventricular morphology with good results.

title: XXXX with @entity3 : strategy based on right ventricular morphology.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The hand-sewn @entity2 is the "gold standard" for performing coronary artery bypass grafts. However, performing a hand-sewn @entity2 is more demanding and time-consuming when used in less invasive approaches such as small access, totally endoscopic or beating heart surgery. In conjunction with attempts to reduce the surgical trauma of coronary artery bypass grafts by using these less invasive approaches, alternative methods for constructing distal anastomoses should be explored. These data report on predischarge angiographic findings and 30-day clinical follow up of @entity0 who have received a new distal anastomotic device. METHODS: In a multicenter trial, 32 @entity0 (mean age: 65 +/- 9 years; 85% @entity0 ) requiring multivessel coronary artery bypass surgery had 1 of the anastomoses performed using a novel anastomotic technology. The Magnetic Vascular Positioner System was used in 1 of the bypass grafts and the other bypasses were completed by conventional hand-sewn technique. The Magnetic Vascular Positioner System consists of 4 magnetic, gold-plated implants and 2 delivery devices that facilitate the creation of a functional end-to-side @entity2 . A predischarge angiogram was performed to evaluate graft patency. RESULTS: There were no device-related major adverse events. The application of the Magnetic Vascular Positioner device was successful in 32 of 41 cases (78%). Nine @entity0 were intended for treatment but did not receive the Magnetic Vascular Positioner System. In 5 of the cases the coronary artery was too small; 1 case had a posterior wall plaque in the target artery; and 3 @entity0 had a nonhemostatic @entity2 after coupling of the port and were subsequently converted to hand-sewn anastomoses. The median total Magnetic Vascular Positioner anastomotic time was 137 seconds with a range from 65 to 370 seconds. Overall patency rate of the Magnetic Vascular Positioner @entity2 was 93.5% versus 91.7% (P = not significant) in hand-sewn grafts. One @entity0 (3.1%) died due to low cardiac output but had patent grafts at autopsy. One @entity3 (3.1%) occurred the day after a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of a hand-sewn graft. One prolonged mechanical ventilation (3.1%) was required because of @entity1 and adult @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Magnetic vascular coupling in coronary surgery is safe and effective and has acceptable early patency rates. This new technique may facilitate beating heart and minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafts.

title: Magnetic vascular coupling for distal XXXX in coronary artery bypass grafting: a multicenter trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies in @entity0 that have evaluated the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and @entity2 have yielded mixed results. DESIGN: In order to further investigate this relationship, we conducted a comprehensive search for studies published through May 2014 and performed a meta-analysis of all available observational studies that investigated the association between PM2.5 and three noninvasive measures of clinical and subclinical @entity2 : carotid intima media thickness, @entity1 , and ankle-brachial index. METHODS AND RESULTS: Five reviewers selected studies based on predefined inclusion criteria. Pooled mean change estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random-effects models. Assessment of between-study heterogeneity was performed where the number of studies was adequate. Our pooled sample included 11,947 subjects for carotid intima media thickness estimates, 10,750 for @entity1 estimates, and 6497 for ankle-brachial index estimates. Per 10     g/m(3) increase in PM2.5 exposure, carotid intima media thickness increased by 22.52     m but this did not reach statistical significance (p   =   0.06). We did not find similar associations for @entity1 (p   =   0.44) or ankle-brachial index (p   =   0.85). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis supports a relationship between PM2.5 and subclinical @entity2 measured by carotid intima media thickness. We did not find a similar relationship between PM2.5 and @entity1 or ankle-brachial index, although the number of studies was small.

title: Association between fine particulate matter exposure and subclinical XXXX : A meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 ) @entity5 and results in @entity1 . @entity0 telomerase as well as inflammatory and angiogenic factors such as telomerase reverse transcriptase ( @entity6 ) or @entity3 ( @entity3 ) could play a role in regulating HPV-induced @entity2 . This study investigated underlying molecular events in HPV-induced @entity2 through @entity6 and @entity3 in vitro. Expressions of @entity6 , and @entity3 mRNA and proteins were, respectively, assessed by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and TRAP-ELISA in @entity2 cell lines. To assess @entity6 and @entity3 secretion, @entity6 overexpression and knockdown were conducted in HPV-18-positive Hela cells by @entity6 cDNA and shRNA transfection, respectively. Then, the effect of HPV E6 and E7 on @entity3 expressions was assessed in @entity2 cells. Data have shown that @entity3 expression levels are associated with @entity6 expressions and telomerase activity in @entity2 tissues and cells. Knockdown of @entity6 expression down-regulated @entity3 expressions, whereas overexpression of @entity6 up-regulated @entity3 expressions in HPV-18-positive Hela cells. Furthermore, HPV E7 oncoprotein was necessary for @entity6 to up-regulate @entity3 expressions in @entity2 cells. Data from this current study indicate that HPV oncoproteins up-regulated @entity6 and telomerase activity and in turn promoted @entity3 expressions, which could be a key mechanism for HPV-induced @entity2 development and progression.

title: @entity0 telomerase reverse transcriptase regulates XXXX expression via @entity4 oncogene E7 in @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 ) @entity5 and results in @entity1 . @entity0 telomerase as well as inflammatory and angiogenic factors such as telomerase reverse transcriptase ( @entity6 ) or @entity3 ( @entity3 ) could play a role in regulating HPV-induced @entity2 . This study investigated underlying molecular events in HPV-induced @entity2 through @entity6 and @entity3 in vitro. Expressions of @entity6 , and @entity3 mRNA and proteins were, respectively, assessed by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and TRAP-ELISA in @entity2 cell lines. To assess @entity6 and @entity3 secretion, @entity6 overexpression and knockdown were conducted in HPV-18-positive Hela cells by @entity6 cDNA and shRNA transfection, respectively. Then, the effect of HPV E6 and E7 on @entity3 expressions was assessed in @entity2 cells. Data have shown that @entity3 expression levels are associated with @entity6 expressions and telomerase activity in @entity2 tissues and cells. Knockdown of @entity6 expression down-regulated @entity3 expressions, whereas overexpression of @entity6 up-regulated @entity3 expressions in HPV-18-positive Hela cells. Furthermore, HPV E7 oncoprotein was necessary for @entity6 to up-regulate @entity3 expressions in @entity2 cells. Data from this current study indicate that HPV oncoproteins up-regulated @entity6 and telomerase activity and in turn promoted @entity3 expressions, which could be a key mechanism for HPV-induced @entity2 development and progression.

title: @entity0 telomerase reverse transcriptase regulates @entity3 expression via XXXX oncogene E7 in @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 ) @entity5 and results in @entity1 . @entity0 telomerase as well as inflammatory and angiogenic factors such as telomerase reverse transcriptase ( @entity6 ) or @entity3 ( @entity3 ) could play a role in regulating HPV-induced @entity2 . This study investigated underlying molecular events in HPV-induced @entity2 through @entity6 and @entity3 in vitro. Expressions of @entity6 , and @entity3 mRNA and proteins were, respectively, assessed by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and TRAP-ELISA in @entity2 cell lines. To assess @entity6 and @entity3 secretion, @entity6 overexpression and knockdown were conducted in HPV-18-positive Hela cells by @entity6 cDNA and shRNA transfection, respectively. Then, the effect of HPV E6 and E7 on @entity3 expressions was assessed in @entity2 cells. Data have shown that @entity3 expression levels are associated with @entity6 expressions and telomerase activity in @entity2 tissues and cells. Knockdown of @entity6 expression down-regulated @entity3 expressions, whereas overexpression of @entity6 up-regulated @entity3 expressions in HPV-18-positive Hela cells. Furthermore, HPV E7 oncoprotein was necessary for @entity6 to up-regulate @entity3 expressions in @entity2 cells. Data from this current study indicate that HPV oncoproteins up-regulated @entity6 and telomerase activity and in turn promoted @entity3 expressions, which could be a key mechanism for HPV-induced @entity2 development and progression.

title: @entity0 telomerase reverse transcriptase regulates @entity3 expression via @entity4 oncogene E7 in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 ) @entity5 and results in @entity1 . @entity0 telomerase as well as inflammatory and angiogenic factors such as telomerase reverse transcriptase ( @entity6 ) or @entity3 ( @entity3 ) could play a role in regulating HPV-induced @entity2 . This study investigated underlying molecular events in HPV-induced @entity2 through @entity6 and @entity3 in vitro. Expressions of @entity6 , and @entity3 mRNA and proteins were, respectively, assessed by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and TRAP-ELISA in @entity2 cell lines. To assess @entity6 and @entity3 secretion, @entity6 overexpression and knockdown were conducted in HPV-18-positive Hela cells by @entity6 cDNA and shRNA transfection, respectively. Then, the effect of HPV E6 and E7 on @entity3 expressions was assessed in @entity2 cells. Data have shown that @entity3 expression levels are associated with @entity6 expressions and telomerase activity in @entity2 tissues and cells. Knockdown of @entity6 expression down-regulated @entity3 expressions, whereas overexpression of @entity6 up-regulated @entity3 expressions in HPV-18-positive Hela cells. Furthermore, HPV E7 oncoprotein was necessary for @entity6 to up-regulate @entity3 expressions in @entity2 cells. Data from this current study indicate that HPV oncoproteins up-regulated @entity6 and telomerase activity and in turn promoted @entity3 expressions, which could be a key mechanism for HPV-induced @entity2 development and progression.

title: XXXX telomerase reverse transcriptase regulates @entity3 expression via @entity4 oncogene E7 in @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The effects of pretreatment with insulin on the antinociception induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of the mu-opioid receptor agonist [ @entity6 , NMePhe4, Gly-ol5]enkephalin ( @entity4 ) were studied in @entity1 . Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with insulin (1 and 3 mU) for 60 min dose dependently attenuated the antinociception induced by i.c.v. @entity4 (5.6 ng) in @entity1 . Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with a highly selective @entity2 kinase inhibitor, @entity5 , at doses of 100 and 300 ng for 10 min, dose dependently reversed the antinociceptive effect of @entity4 (5.6 ng) in insulin-treated mice. The antinociceptive effect of @entity4 (5.6 ng, i.c.v.) was significantly reduced in C57BL/KsJ-db/db @entity0 @entity1 compared with that in age-matched control (C57BL/KsJ-db/ + + ) @entity1 . When C57BL/KsJ-db/db @entity0 @entity1 were pretreated with @entity5 (300 ng), the antinociceptive effect of @entity4 was significantly increased. These results indicate that @entity2 kinase may be involved in the reduction of @entity4 -induced antinociception by insulin in @entity1 . Furthermore, the attenuation of @entity4 -induced antinociception in C57BL/KsJ-db/db @entity0 @entity1 may be due in part to increased @entity2 kinase activity as a result of @entity3 .

title: Intraventricular insulin reduces the antinociceptive effect of [ XXXX , NMePhe4, Gly-ol5]enkephalin in @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The effects of pretreatment with insulin on the antinociception induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of the mu-opioid receptor agonist [ @entity6 , NMePhe4, Gly-ol5]enkephalin ( @entity4 ) were studied in @entity1 . Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with insulin (1 and 3 mU) for 60 min dose dependently attenuated the antinociception induced by i.c.v. @entity4 (5.6 ng) in @entity1 . Intracerebroventricular pretreatment with a highly selective @entity2 kinase inhibitor, @entity5 , at doses of 100 and 300 ng for 10 min, dose dependently reversed the antinociceptive effect of @entity4 (5.6 ng) in insulin-treated mice. The antinociceptive effect of @entity4 (5.6 ng, i.c.v.) was significantly reduced in C57BL/KsJ-db/db @entity0 @entity1 compared with that in age-matched control (C57BL/KsJ-db/ + + ) @entity1 . When C57BL/KsJ-db/db @entity0 @entity1 were pretreated with @entity5 (300 ng), the antinociceptive effect of @entity4 was significantly increased. These results indicate that @entity2 kinase may be involved in the reduction of @entity4 -induced antinociception by insulin in @entity1 . Furthermore, the attenuation of @entity4 -induced antinociception in C57BL/KsJ-db/db @entity0 @entity1 may be due in part to increased @entity2 kinase activity as a result of @entity3 .

title: Intraventricular insulin reduces the antinociceptive effect of [ @entity6 , NMePhe4, Gly-ol5]enkephalin in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: An attempt to assess the Indian Population Project which was launched in Uttar Pradesh in 1973 to provide maternal and @entity0 health services to Project districts. The trend in performance of @entity5 services since the beginning of the project is assessed, and @entity5 performance of project districts with matching nonprojects districts is compared. Taking 1 project district and various neighboring nonproject districts, the absolute deviation between them on each of several variables was computed. Under the @entity5 program, 4 types of services are available. Under antenatal services, @entity0 are provided @entity2 toxoide immunizations and periodic health checkups. Under ante- and postnatal services @entity1 and @entity4 tablets are distributed and the delivery is attended by trained personnel. For @entity0 care, DPT and DT immunizations are provided and @entity1 and @entity4 tablets and @entity3 solution are provided. Indices to assess program services were computed for 1974-75 to 1978-79. Results indicate that the project districts had improved their work of antenatal registrations by almost 3 times more in relation to nonproject districts. About 21% of deliveries in the project districts were conducted by project staff in 1977-78 compared to only 3% in 1974-75, an increase of 7 times, while in matching nonproject districts the increase was from 3.7% to about 10% over the same period. The percentage of @entity0 receiving immunization was higher in the project districts. Overall maternal beneficiaries in project districts were 20-60% higher, and @entity0 beneficiaries 10-40% higher.

title: An assessment of the impact of India Population Project, Uttar Pradesh on XXXX services.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The mucosa of @entity0 detrusor strips impairs @entity7 -induced relaxation. In order to elucidate which signal transduction pathways are involved in this cross talk between the mucosa and detrusor, we have studied the effects of several pharmacological agonists and antagonists on @entity3 -mediated relaxation in intact and mucosa-denuded detrusor strips. @entity0 AND METHODS: Strips of detrusor tissue were obtained from @entity0 who had undergone cystectomy for @entity1 and were set up for force measurement. @entity11 - or @entity6 -precontracted strips were relaxed with increasing concentrations of @entity3 in the absence and in the presence of @entity2 synthase inhibitor, @entity8 ; P2X-receptor antagonist, PPADS; ETA-receptor antagonist, @entity12 ; ETB-receptor antagonist, @entity13 ; cyclooxygenase inhibitor, @entity5 ; AT1-receptor antagonist, @entity4 ; and @entity10 antagonist, L-703,606. RESULTS: In intact strips, @entity11 -stimulated force was enhanced by all blockers; @entity6 -stimulated force increased with L-703,606. In denuded strips, only @entity8 augmented the @entity11 -stimulated contraction. @entity3 relaxed the precontracted detrusor strips to a significantly larger extent and at lower concentrations in denuded than in intact strips. @entity8 , PPADS and @entity12 / @entity13 had little effect on @entity3 -induced relaxation, whereas @entity5 , @entity4 and L-703,606 sensitized intact @entity6 -stimulated detrusor strips to @entity3 -induced relaxation. CONCLUSION: Inhibition of the @entity3 -induced relaxation of precontracted @entity0 detrusor strips by the mucosa is attenuated by @entity5 , @entity4 and L-703,606 suggesting the involvement of prostanoids, @entity9 and neurokinin pathways. Further experiments are required to unravel the exact mechanisms.

title: Pharmacological Modulation of Mucosa-Related Impairment of b-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Relaxation in XXXX Detrusor.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The optimal management of extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) @entity0 with @entity5 remains unclear. The authors evaluated ELBW neonates with @entity5 in whom @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was intended as definitive therapy. METHODS: The records of 29 consecutive ELBW @entity0 with @entity5 were reviewed. All underwent @entity1 . Survival, the need for other abdominal procedures, the transition to enteral feeding, and the incidence of @entity4 and infectious complications were noted. Variables associated with nonsurvival were assessed. RESULTS: Overall survival rate was 66%. In 24% of cases, a second abdominal procedure was required. Full feedings were achieved at a mean of 69 days. Extraabdominal infectious complications occurred in 63% of survivors, and direct @entity2 was greater than 2.0 mg/dL in 57% at 2 months. @entity3 and vasopressor requirements at the time of perforation were associated with nonsurvival. CONCLUSIONS: In this consecutive series of ELBW @entity0 in whom @entity1 was intended as definitive treatment for @entity5 survival was comparable with that found in series in which immediate laparotomy and resection were used. Few secondary abdominal procedures were required. The interval between @entity1 and full enteral nutrition, however, was long, and the incidence of nonabdominal infectious complications and @entity4 was substantial.

title: Peritoneal drainage as definitive management of XXXX in extremely low-birth-weight @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The optimal management of extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) @entity0 with @entity5 remains unclear. The authors evaluated ELBW neonates with @entity5 in whom @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was intended as definitive therapy. METHODS: The records of 29 consecutive ELBW @entity0 with @entity5 were reviewed. All underwent @entity1 . Survival, the need for other abdominal procedures, the transition to enteral feeding, and the incidence of @entity4 and infectious complications were noted. Variables associated with nonsurvival were assessed. RESULTS: Overall survival rate was 66%. In 24% of cases, a second abdominal procedure was required. Full feedings were achieved at a mean of 69 days. Extraabdominal infectious complications occurred in 63% of survivors, and direct @entity2 was greater than 2.0 mg/dL in 57% at 2 months. @entity3 and vasopressor requirements at the time of perforation were associated with nonsurvival. CONCLUSIONS: In this consecutive series of ELBW @entity0 in whom @entity1 was intended as definitive treatment for @entity5 survival was comparable with that found in series in which immediate laparotomy and resection were used. Few secondary abdominal procedures were required. The interval between @entity1 and full enteral nutrition, however, was long, and the incidence of nonabdominal infectious complications and @entity4 was substantial.

title: Peritoneal drainage as definitive management of @entity5 in extremely low-birth-weight XXXX .

answer: @entity0