abstract: There is a very high prevalence of @entity2 in @entity1 subjects, which makes it necessary to use an antihypertensive drug with the least possible metabolic interference. For example, in the early phase of @entity2 , diuretics usually worsen the metabolic equilibrium. According to recent reports, a new diuretic, @entity8 (MZ), which acts on the loop of Henle, seems to present a minor effect on @entity5 metabolic balance. In order to determine whether this assumption was correct or not, we carried out a clinical trial on 26 type II (non- @entity6 -dependent) @entity1 , in fairly good metabolic control and with moderate @entity2 (orthostatic diastolic pressure from 100 to 115 mmHg), comparing the effect of MZ with those of @entity7 (CL). According to a randomized, single-blind cross-over design, the @entity0 were treated with MZ (20 mg/day) or CL (50 mg/day) for the duration of 4 weeks. After the treatment period with the first drug, there was a 2 week wash-out period on placebo (PL) before the second drug was given. During the study, a set of metabolic and non-metabolic parameters was monitored, as were the clinostatic and orthostatic blood pressure values. The results show that the antihypertensive effect of the two drugs was the same (both caused a more than 10% @entity3 ). No significant changes in plasma electrolyte levels occurred. There was a significant (p less than 0.05) increase in urinary @entity4 excretion after CL (20.7 +/- 11 micrograms/24 hours vs. 13.3 +/- 8.5 after PL, and 14.5 +/- 7.2 after MZ) (mean values +/- standard deviations).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Interference on metabolism induced by @entity8 and @entity7 in type II hypertensive XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: There is a very high prevalence of @entity2 in @entity1 subjects, which makes it necessary to use an antihypertensive drug with the least possible metabolic interference. For example, in the early phase of @entity2 , diuretics usually worsen the metabolic equilibrium. According to recent reports, a new diuretic, @entity8 (MZ), which acts on the loop of Henle, seems to present a minor effect on @entity5 metabolic balance. In order to determine whether this assumption was correct or not, we carried out a clinical trial on 26 type II (non- @entity6 -dependent) @entity1 , in fairly good metabolic control and with moderate @entity2 (orthostatic diastolic pressure from 100 to 115 mmHg), comparing the effect of MZ with those of @entity7 (CL). According to a randomized, single-blind cross-over design, the @entity0 were treated with MZ (20 mg/day) or CL (50 mg/day) for the duration of 4 weeks. After the treatment period with the first drug, there was a 2 week wash-out period on placebo (PL) before the second drug was given. During the study, a set of metabolic and non-metabolic parameters was monitored, as were the clinostatic and orthostatic blood pressure values. The results show that the antihypertensive effect of the two drugs was the same (both caused a more than 10% @entity3 ). No significant changes in plasma electrolyte levels occurred. There was a significant (p less than 0.05) increase in urinary @entity4 excretion after CL (20.7 +/- 11 micrograms/24 hours vs. 13.3 +/- 8.5 after PL, and 14.5 +/- 7.2 after MZ) (mean values +/- standard deviations).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Interference on metabolism induced by XXXX and @entity7 in type II hypertensive @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: In 12 conscious @entity1 on a normal @entity3 diet the renal venous-arterial plasma @entity2 activity-difference as a function of mean renal artery pressure ( @entity2 stimulus-response curve; RSRC) as well as long-term mean arterial blood pressure (MAP; pressure-histograms) were measured repeatedly. The RSRC @entity5 ) a threshold pressure ( @entity4 ), 2) a flat section above @entity4 (plateau-level), and 3) a steep slope below @entity4 . From @entity1 to @entity1 the slope varied from -0.20 to -0.54 ng AI/ml/h/mmHg and @entity4 from 78.4 to 107.1 mmHg. In every @entity1 MAP was higher than @entity4 (MAP- @entity4 :12.8 +/- 1.58 mmHg). @entity1 with a higher @entity4 regularly showed a higher MAP (r = 0.76; P less than 0.005). Due to its normal variability arterial pressure occasionally falls below @entity4 and thus causes @entity2 release. Therefore MAP will stabilize at a level above @entity4 . The pressor effect (MAP- @entity4 ) of this feedback system should depend on the sensitivity of the pressure-dependent @entity2 release mechanism (slope of RSRC). Accordingly we observed a close correlation between the slope of the RSRC and the MAP- @entity4 difference (r = 0.93; P less than 0.0001). We conclude that in healthy @entity1 the level of long-term blood pressure can be explained almost completely by @entity4 and the slope of the pressure-dependent @entity2 release. Our findings may offer new perspectives to the pathogenesis of @entity0 .

title: Pressure-dependent XXXX release: the kidney factor in long-term control of arterial blood pressure in conscious @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In 12 conscious @entity1 on a normal @entity3 diet the renal venous-arterial plasma @entity2 activity-difference as a function of mean renal artery pressure ( @entity2 stimulus-response curve; RSRC) as well as long-term mean arterial blood pressure (MAP; pressure-histograms) were measured repeatedly. The RSRC @entity5 ) a threshold pressure ( @entity4 ), 2) a flat section above @entity4 (plateau-level), and 3) a steep slope below @entity4 . From @entity1 to @entity1 the slope varied from -0.20 to -0.54 ng AI/ml/h/mmHg and @entity4 from 78.4 to 107.1 mmHg. In every @entity1 MAP was higher than @entity4 (MAP- @entity4 :12.8 +/- 1.58 mmHg). @entity1 with a higher @entity4 regularly showed a higher MAP (r = 0.76; P less than 0.005). Due to its normal variability arterial pressure occasionally falls below @entity4 and thus causes @entity2 release. Therefore MAP will stabilize at a level above @entity4 . The pressor effect (MAP- @entity4 ) of this feedback system should depend on the sensitivity of the pressure-dependent @entity2 release mechanism (slope of RSRC). Accordingly we observed a close correlation between the slope of the RSRC and the MAP- @entity4 difference (r = 0.93; P less than 0.0001). We conclude that in healthy @entity1 the level of long-term blood pressure can be explained almost completely by @entity4 and the slope of the pressure-dependent @entity2 release. Our findings may offer new perspectives to the pathogenesis of @entity0 .

title: Pressure-dependent @entity2 release: the kidney factor in long-term control of arterial blood pressure in conscious XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Having acknowledge the need to treat arterial @entity1 concomitantly effective, safe and easy to comply with. These issues are the mainstay for a good adherence to a treatment that is long. AIM: This clinical trial addresses the efficacy and safety of an extended release tablet of 180 mg of @entity2 , once daily, to treat mild to moderate @entity1 . POPULATION AND METHODS: Forty-five @entity0 with mild to moderate @entity1 were included in a multicentric, open trial consisting of three periods: washout (one week), placebo (one week) and a treatment period of four weeks with 180 mg slow-release tablets of @entity2 . Arterial Blood Pressure (BP) was measured through ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) at the end of the first, second and sixth weeks. The therapeutic response was evaluated in terms of decrease in mmHg and in terms of systolic and diastolic loads. Treatment was considered successful when there was a drop in the medium diastolic BP to 90 mmHg or less and/or a decrease of at least 10 mmHg. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity0 completed the trial. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.0001) in the medium diastolic and systolic 24-hour BP values. The efficacy parameters were met in 62.5% of the @entity0 , nonetheless there was a drop of at least 5 mmHg in 82.6%. There was a statistically more significant response during the diurnal versus the nocturnal periods, according to both criteria. CONCLUSION: @entity2 , 180 mg extended-release tablet taken one daily, proved to be effective, over 24 hours, in controlling @entity1 in 62.5% of the enrolled @entity0 while decreasing the medium diastolic BP by at least 5 mmHg in 82.5%.

title: [ XXXX 180 mg in delayed release formulation in mild and moderate @entity1 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Having acknowledge the need to treat arterial @entity1 concomitantly effective, safe and easy to comply with. These issues are the mainstay for a good adherence to a treatment that is long. AIM: This clinical trial addresses the efficacy and safety of an extended release tablet of 180 mg of @entity2 , once daily, to treat mild to moderate @entity1 . POPULATION AND METHODS: Forty-five @entity0 with mild to moderate @entity1 were included in a multicentric, open trial consisting of three periods: washout (one week), placebo (one week) and a treatment period of four weeks with 180 mg slow-release tablets of @entity2 . Arterial Blood Pressure (BP) was measured through ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) at the end of the first, second and sixth weeks. The therapeutic response was evaluated in terms of decrease in mmHg and in terms of systolic and diastolic loads. Treatment was considered successful when there was a drop in the medium diastolic BP to 90 mmHg or less and/or a decrease of at least 10 mmHg. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity0 completed the trial. There was a significant decrease (p < 0.0001) in the medium diastolic and systolic 24-hour BP values. The efficacy parameters were met in 62.5% of the @entity0 , nonetheless there was a drop of at least 5 mmHg in 82.6%. There was a statistically more significant response during the diurnal versus the nocturnal periods, according to both criteria. CONCLUSION: @entity2 , 180 mg extended-release tablet taken one daily, proved to be effective, over 24 hours, in controlling @entity1 in 62.5% of the enrolled @entity0 while decreasing the medium diastolic BP by at least 5 mmHg in 82.5%.

title: [ @entity2 180 mg in delayed release formulation in mild and moderate XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The efficacy and proarrhythmic potential of antiarrhythmic agents were evaluated. Programmed ventricular stimulation was performed in 160 consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 during a baseline study and 432 subsequent drug studies. The @entity2 induced during baseline studies were sustained @entity4 (121 @entity0 ), @entity6 (16 @entity0 ), and symptomatic nonsustained @entity4 (23 @entity0 ). Regimens were completely successful if fewer than 6 repetitive ventricular responses were inducible during therapy and partially successful if no more than 15 repetitive ventricular responses were inducible. @entity5 and @entity8 were the most successful single agents, with overall success rates of 24% and 35%, respectively. Either @entity5 or @entity8 combined with @entity7 was the most successful combination (overall success of 23%). Each anti-arrhythmic regimen showed a proarrhythmic potential. The incidence of proarrhythmic effects ranged from 4 to 13%, with no significant difference between regimens. In 13% of @entity0 at least 1 regimen produced a proarrhythmic effect. @entity0 treated with an antiarrhythmic regimen that prevented induction of @entity3 had significantly fewer @entity3 recurrences than @entity0 treated with a regimen that failed to prevent it. In conclusion, identification of an effective drug regimen is possible in 38% of @entity0 with lethal @entity3 , proarrhythmic effects occur in a significant number of @entity0 during electrophysiologic testing of antiarrhythmic regimens, and the clinical outcome in @entity0 in whom @entity3 are not inducible with ventricular stimulation have a better prognosis than those in whom @entity3 continue to be inducible on therapy.

title: Antiarrhythmic drug efficacy for XXXX associated with @entity1 as assessed by electrophysiologic studies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The efficacy and proarrhythmic potential of antiarrhythmic agents were evaluated. Programmed ventricular stimulation was performed in 160 consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 during a baseline study and 432 subsequent drug studies. The @entity2 induced during baseline studies were sustained @entity4 (121 @entity0 ), @entity6 (16 @entity0 ), and symptomatic nonsustained @entity4 (23 @entity0 ). Regimens were completely successful if fewer than 6 repetitive ventricular responses were inducible during therapy and partially successful if no more than 15 repetitive ventricular responses were inducible. @entity5 and @entity8 were the most successful single agents, with overall success rates of 24% and 35%, respectively. Either @entity5 or @entity8 combined with @entity7 was the most successful combination (overall success of 23%). Each anti-arrhythmic regimen showed a proarrhythmic potential. The incidence of proarrhythmic effects ranged from 4 to 13%, with no significant difference between regimens. In 13% of @entity0 at least 1 regimen produced a proarrhythmic effect. @entity0 treated with an antiarrhythmic regimen that prevented induction of @entity3 had significantly fewer @entity3 recurrences than @entity0 treated with a regimen that failed to prevent it. In conclusion, identification of an effective drug regimen is possible in 38% of @entity0 with lethal @entity3 , proarrhythmic effects occur in a significant number of @entity0 during electrophysiologic testing of antiarrhythmic regimens, and the clinical outcome in @entity0 in whom @entity3 are not inducible with ventricular stimulation have a better prognosis than those in whom @entity3 continue to be inducible on therapy.

title: Antiarrhythmic drug efficacy for @entity4 associated with XXXX as assessed by electrophysiologic studies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. Blood lead levels were examined in 127 housepainters in North Carolina between April and September, 1993. Each @entity0 filled out a questionnaire and gave a blood sample. The questionnaire covered the individual's work history, concentrating on @entity1 and personal protection, and also covered potential nonoccupational sources of lead exposure. Blood samples were analysed for lead content using atomic absorption spectroscopy. 2. The geometric mean blood lead level was 0.33 mumol @entity3 (6.8 micrograms @entity3 ). No blood lead samples were found to exceed the occupational standard of 1.93 mumol @entity3 (40 micrograms @entity3 ). The three highest samples had levels between 0.97 and 1.45 mumol @entity3 (20 and 30 micrograms @entity3 ); this represented 2.4% of the study sample. 3. No statistical association was found between blood lead levels in these painters and their painting activities, including using dust masks for personal protection. 4. Current painting practices in this group of North @entity2 do not appear to elevate blood lead levels above the occupational standard.

title: Blood lead levels in North XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: This study was carried out to investigate the precise pattern of @entity1 associated with subfoveal @entity5 and the mechanism by which vision is stabilised or improved after submacular surgery. METHODS: Preoperative and postoperative quantitative microperimetry using the scanning laser ophthalmoscope was performed on six eyes of five @entity0 with age-related @entity4 who underwent subfoveal @entity5 . The relation of the microperimetry findings to the preoperative and postoperative @entity2 angiographic features was also assessed. RESULTS: Four of the six eyes had visual improvement by the 6 month postoperative visit; the other two had stabilisation of vision at the preoperative level. Despite these beneficial visual effects, none of the @entity0 fixated within the bed of the excised @entity5 . Subfoveal choroidal membrane excision was associated with a 36% average increase in the @entity3 at the 1 month postoperative visit, compared with the preoperative size. The postoperative @entity3 appeared to remain stable or decreased slightly in size between the 6 month and 1 year postoperative visits. @entity1 was associated with the development of a more stable preferred eccentric fixation locus, of which the distance from the centre of the foveal avascular zone was related to @entity1 . Most of the eccentric fixation loci were inferotemporal to the bed of the excised @entity5 . The surgical retinotomy site was associated with persistent postoperative relative @entity3 in five of the six cases, but resolved in one @entity0 after 1 year. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that quantitative scanning laser ophthalmoscope microperimetry may aid in the surgical planning of subfoveal @entity5 .

title: Relation of the functional and structural fundus changes after submacular surgery for neovascular age-related XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: From 1986 to 1990, 53 non-palpable @entity1 were treated in the department of Pediatric Surgery and Endocrinology at the Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy. The reported @entity0 were 45, 8 of them were bilateral with both @entity1 non-palpable, 13 of the remaining @entity0 were right cryptorchid and 24 were left. All @entity0 received medical treatment, by LH-RH nasal spray and @entity3 , before surgery. None of the non-palpable @entity1 descended by hormone therapy only, so that surgical exploration was always required. In the 53 reported cases, 10 gonads were not found, 13 were @entity2 and 30 were abdominal. All abdominal gonads were positioned into the scrotum by orchiopexy in a single stage. Half of the @entity0 underwent operation before the age of 2. Therefore, it is to be pointed out that the younger a @entity0 the shorter his inguinal canal, this facilitates orchiopexy for high, undescended @entity1 . In 10 @entity0 a testicular biopsy was made during surgical procedure. Normal morphology and normal spermatogonia content were observed in the abdominal @entity1 of the @entity0 who had reached the age of 1 year. During the follow-up of the reported @entity0 no upward displacement was observed. Eleven @entity0 underwent postoperative testicular ultrasonography which showed that parenchymal structure of the operated testis was normal and the volume of the testis was slightly smaller than normal. Based on their experience, the authors suggest to correct cryptorchidism before the age of one year, surgical procedure follows immediately after ineffective hormone therapy.

title: Non-palpable XXXX . Orchiopexy in single stage.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We report a clinical case where transcatheter embolization was selected as the primary treatment for a large recurrent @entity5 CLINICAL CASE: A 55 year-old female presented with a @entity3 , with progressive growth, for the past 12 months. She complained of @entity2 , odynophagia and @entity4 . She had a former history of bilateral @entity5 resection. The @entity0 underwent carotid ultrasound examination that showed a recurrent @entity5 with 7x5 cm in dimension, and occlusion of the left internal carotid artery. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of a @entity1 . The @entity0 underwent transcatheter embolization of the @entity1 with 300-500   m and 500-700   m Bead-Block  . At 1 year of follow-up, the @entity0 was found asymptomatic. DISCUSSION: The carotid body is located at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. With increased size, @entity5 can induce significant symptoms and are usually detected by clinical examination. Confirmation of diagnosis is usually given by vascular ultrasound. For highly symptomatic, recurrent and frequently unresectable @entity1 --in @entity0 unfit for surgery--transcatheter embolization can also be used as an effective palliative treatment.

title: Recurrent XXXX : embolization as a treatment option.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Fifty-seven consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), admitted to a coronary care unit (CCU) within 6 h from onset of symptoms were included in the study and randomly allocated to @entity2 treatment or placebo. The 23 @entity0 in the treatment group received 10 mg @entity2 orally at the onset of the study, after 30 min, and then every 6 h. Placebo was given to the 34 @entity0 in the control group. The study was double blind. Serum time-activity curves for creatine-kinase-MB (CK-MB) and myoglobin (MG) were established from frequent determinations. The two @entity0 groups did not differ significantly regarding average cumulative MG and CK-MB release. In both groups the range was wide, with the largest maximal individual release about 30 times larger than the smallest. In most @entity0 the enzyme release occurred stepwise, resulting in two or more separate peaks. In the treatment group significantly fewer @entity0 had multiple peaks of MG (P less than 0.05) and CK-MB (P less than 0.025) release. The initial peaks had a longer duration in the treatment group and total release tended to stop earlier. In the control group a highly significant correlation between cumulative MG and CK-MB release was obtained, while in the treatment group no such correlation was observed. In conclusion, oral administration of @entity2 during @entity1 appears to influence the pattern of enzyme release, although no effect on the total cumulative release could be demonstrated.

title: Complexity of enzyme release during @entity1 in a controlled study with early XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fifty-seven consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), admitted to a coronary care unit (CCU) within 6 h from onset of symptoms were included in the study and randomly allocated to @entity2 treatment or placebo. The 23 @entity0 in the treatment group received 10 mg @entity2 orally at the onset of the study, after 30 min, and then every 6 h. Placebo was given to the 34 @entity0 in the control group. The study was double blind. Serum time-activity curves for creatine-kinase-MB (CK-MB) and myoglobin (MG) were established from frequent determinations. The two @entity0 groups did not differ significantly regarding average cumulative MG and CK-MB release. In both groups the range was wide, with the largest maximal individual release about 30 times larger than the smallest. In most @entity0 the enzyme release occurred stepwise, resulting in two or more separate peaks. In the treatment group significantly fewer @entity0 had multiple peaks of MG (P less than 0.05) and CK-MB (P less than 0.025) release. The initial peaks had a longer duration in the treatment group and total release tended to stop earlier. In the control group a highly significant correlation between cumulative MG and CK-MB release was obtained, while in the treatment group no such correlation was observed. In conclusion, oral administration of @entity2 during @entity1 appears to influence the pattern of enzyme release, although no effect on the total cumulative release could be demonstrated.

title: Complexity of enzyme release during XXXX in a controlled study with early @entity2 treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Cryopreservation allows for the long-term storage of aortic homografts, but a high risk of @entity2 and degeneration is often observed following their transplantation. The study aim was to investigate the cryoprotective effect of @entity5 on aortic valve homografts preserved in liquid @entity3 , and to determine the optimal @entity5 concentration for such purpose. METHODS: Aortic valve homografts obtained from New Zealand White @entity0 were processed using different protectants. Samples were assigned at random to four groups: a control group treated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ; 0.1 mol/l), and test groups A, B and C, which were treated with 0.1 mol/l @entity5 + 0.1 mol/l @entity4 , 0.2 mol/l @entity5 + 0.1 mol/l @entity4 , or 0.3 mol/l @entity5 + 0.1 mol/l @entity4 , respectively, as protectant. Samples in each group were allocated randomly to three subgroups and cryopreserved for 12, 15, and 18 months, respectively. After thawing, apoptosis of the cryopreserved homograft samples was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting methods. The viability of the tissue cells was assessed by monitoring @entity1 utilization capacity. RESULTS: The apoptosis assay showed that, among the four groups and at all time points, the expression of caspase-3 was lowest in test groups A and B and highest in the @entity4 group. In comparison, the @entity1 metabolic rates of test groups A and B were highest, while rates for test group C and the control ( @entity4 ) group ranked second and third. CONCLUSION: When aortic homografts are preserved in liquid @entity3 , the cryoprotective effect of @entity5 combined with @entity4 was superior to that of @entity4 alone. The optimal @entity5 concentration to cryoprotect @entity0 aortic homografts was between 0.1 and 0.2 mol/l.

title: Cryoprotective Effect and Optimal Concentration of XXXX on Aortic Valve Homografts.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity3 and @entity5 receptors have been demonstrated in @entity0 liver, but since it is generally accepted that they are probably non-functional at endogenous @entity2 concentrations, it is not apparent how they mediate physiological influences on this organ. Nor is it certain to what extent pharmacological actions of sex hormones reflect overstimulation of physiological routes or whether alternative mechanisms become available once threshold values have been reached. In this presentation an attempt has been made to answer some of these questions using data obtained from a study of the regulation of the activities of microsomal 3 alpha- @entity10 dehydrogenase (3 alpha-HSDH) and 5 alpha-reductase in @entity1 liver. Androgens exert their primary physiological and pharmacological influences at the level of the hypothalamus. Oestrogens can elicit three different types of effect-physiological, antiandrogenic and pharmacological--of which the first two involve primary effects on the pituitary. Hepatic @entity5 receptors only become activated when @entity5 concentrations reach pharmacological levels. @entity7 probably have no physiological influence on the livers of non-pregnant @entity1 . Their pharmacological actions may either be traced back to secondary androgenic (e.g. @entity9 , @entity4 ) or oestrogenic (e.g. @entity8 , @entity11 ) properties, involving the routes described above, or to independent effects on the central nervous system (e.g. @entity6 modulation of 5 alpha-reductase activity).

title: Mechanisms of physiological and pharmacological sex hormone action on the XXXX liver.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We describe an instructive case of a 79-year-old @entity0 with a @entity4 and a second smaller @entity3 with an uncommon symptomatology. @entity4 (>2 cm diameter) are rare pathologic entities with a prevalence of 0.02%. They either can be @entity5 or are @entity6 in origin. Although spontaneous @entity2 of @entity4 has been reported, they generally remain silent or induce @entity7 . Our @entity0 , however, showed no signs of @entity1 but transient position-dependent pre- @entity8 . The cardiologic work-up and the intraoperative considerations regarding @entity0 management are described. During surgery, manipulation of the @entity4 caused impairment of right ventricular function and regional wall @entity9 , as assessed by transesophageal echocardiography. Venous cannulation of the right atrium was thus abandoned and extracorporeal circulation was established via the femoral vein. Subsequent dissection and surgical repair were uneventful and further recovery of the elderly @entity0 was uncomplicated. This case underlines that once the diagnosis is established, proper perioperative management enables successful surgical treatment even of @entity0 of advanced age.

title: Position dependent right ventricular dysfunction caused by a giant right XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A rare case of @entity6 associated with @entity2 at the right frontal lobe and @entity4 is reported in detail with a review of literature. A 24-year-old male who had diagnosed as multiple @entity1 at the age of 14 years old was admitted to the hospital with @entity3 . Neurological examination revealed no abnormality except for the @entity7 . Multiple subcutaneous blue nodules in the left hand was carried for biopsy as @entity5 . Craniograph showed expansive radiolucent area in the parasellar region. CT scan demonstrated a round shaped low density area in the right frontal lobe, part of which was iso-density and turned out to be enhanced following contrast infusion. Roentgenogram disclosed many well-demarcated radiolucent area in phalanges of the left hand and leg, and right leg and third rib. The frontal @entity0 was totally extirpated and was histologically fibrillary @entity2 . This is the ninth case of the @entity6 associated with the primary @entity0 in the literature. It is emphasized that the @entity6 is associated with a high incidence of @entity0 . And the reason for tendency to develop @entity0 is discussed.

title: [ XXXX associated with primary brain tumor: report of a case].

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of intravenous @entity1 dose on the duration of recovery room stay for @entity0 undergoing outpatient third molar surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a retrospective cohort study design, a sample of @entity0 undergoing outpatient third molar surgery under intravenous sedation at Mayo Clinic from 2010 to 2014 was identified. All @entity0 underwent extraction of all 4 third molars during a single operative procedure and the age range was limited to 14 to 29  years. The primary predictor variable was the total dose of intravenous @entity1 administered during sedation. The primary outcome variable was recovery room length of stay  (LOS) after completion of surgery. Multiple covariates also abstracted included @entity0 age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, duration of surgical procedure, complexity of surgical procedure, types and dosages of all intravenous medications administered during sedation, and volume of crystalloid fluid administered perioperatively. Univariable and multivariable models were developed to evaluate associations between the primary predictor variable and covariates relative to the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: The study sample was composed of 2,610 @entity0 . Mean age was 18.3  years (SD, 3.0  yr; range, 14 to 29  yr) and gender distribution was 52% female. Mean dosage of @entity1 administered was 4.1  mg (SD, 1.1  mg; range, 0.5 to 10.0  mg). Variables predicting shorter LOS at multivariable analysis included older age (P < .001), male gender (P  = .004), and administration of larger crystalloid fluid volumes (P  <  .001). Variables predicting longer LOS included higher ASA score (P < .001), administration of @entity2 (P < .001), and administration of @entity3 (P < .001). The dose of @entity1 administered during sedation was not found to be significantly associated with prolonged recovery room LOS in univariable or multivariable settings. CONCLUSION: Dosage of intravenous @entity1 does not appear to significantly impact the duration of recovery room stay in the prototypical @entity0 undergoing sedation for outpatient third molar surgery.

title: Does Intravenous XXXX Dose Influence the Duration of Recovery Room Stay Following Outpatient Third Molar Surgery?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 that originate in the external ear are common in individuals with type 1 skin and phenotype 1 and 2. The @entity6 is associated with chronic or intermittent, but intense sunlight. The most common @entity2 is @entity7 , followed by @entity4 and @entity3 . The diagnosis of @entity8 in head and neck area is usually made in the advanced stages and has a poor prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, retrospective analysis was performed on the database of @entity0 with @entity6 of the external ear treated between 2011 and 2014. Histology type, stage, rate of clinical and occult @entity1 , and rate of loco-regional recurrence were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 42 @entity0 included there were, 25 @entity4 , 11 @entity7 , and 6 invasive @entity3 . The rate of lymph node @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 was 32%, mostly in the parotid and peri-parotid region, 7% of them with capsular rupture, 2/17 were staged as cN0, and 11.7% had occult @entity1 . All @entity0 with nodal metastasis were classified as T2 with @entity5 . None of the @entity0 with @entity7 had lymph node @entity1 . All @entity3 were superficial extension type with mean level of Breslow of 3 mm. All underwent lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy, with only one having @entity1 in the sentinel node. CONCLUSION: The most frequent @entity2 in the external ear in this series was @entity4 . The possibility of lymph node @entity1 is associated with @entity2 size (T). Node dissection should be systematic in @entity0 with T2 or greater.

title: [Clinical characteristics of XXXX originating in the external ear].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To review the characteristic ultrasound features of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and its relationship to the clinical history in order to establish specific findings useful for the preoperative diagnosis. METHOD: An extensive review of the current literature was done on Medline via PubMed by using the following keywords: "primary @entity0 ", " @entity0 mass" and "ultrasound". RESULTS: @entity2 corresponds to complex, sausage-shaped structures or @entity1 . A thick and an irregular capsule are in favour of a @entity0 . Three-dimensional ultrasound is superior to 2D ultrasound for the detection of tubal wall irregularities such as papillary projections or pseudosepta who were suggestive of @entity0 and allows a better assessment of the extent of @entity0 infiltration through the capsule. Neovascularization with low resistance indices are typical of @entity0 . Three-dimensional power Doppler sonography acutely detected structural abnormalities of the @entity0 vessels which are randomly dispersed within the papillary projections. Intra-uterine collection and peritumoral fluid are often found but ascite could be also an indirect proof of peritoneal carcinosis. CONCLUSION: Sausage-shaped structures or @entity1 associated with imaging findings such as papillary projections and neovascularization with low resistance indices are in favour of @entity2 . A standardized terminology, high-frequency and 3D power Doppler could improve diagnostic performance by allowing a better assessment of tubal wall and chaotic vessels architecture of these @entity0 .

title: [Ultrasonographic features in the preoperative diagnosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity7 is an intracellular rickettsial pathogen transmitted by Ixodes spp. ticks, which causes granulocytic anaplasmosis in @entity0 , @entity5 and @entity2 and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in ruminants. In the United States, @entity0 granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is highly prevalent while @entity1 has not been reported. However, in Europe the situation is the opposite, with high prevalence for @entity1 in @entity4 and low prevalence of HGA. The origin of these differences has not been identified and our hypothesis is that different A. phagocytophilum isolates impact differently on tick vector capacity through inhibition of apoptosis to establish @entity3 of the tick vector. In this study we used three different isolates of A. phagocytophilum of @entity0 , @entity2 and ovine origin to infect the Ixodes ricinus-derived cell line IRE/CTVM20 and the @entity6 -derived cell line ISE6 in order to characterize the effect of @entity3 on the level of tick cell apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry as early as 24h post- @entity3 for both tick cell lines and all three isolates of A. phagocytophilum, suggesting that pathogen @entity3 inhibits apoptotic pathways to facilitate @entity3 independently of the origin of the A. phagocytophilum isolate and tick vector species. However, @entity3 with A. phagocytophilum isolates inhibited the intrinsic apoptosis pathway at different levels in @entity6 and I. ricinus cells. These results suggested an impact of vector-pathogen co-evolution on the adaptation of A. phagocytophilum isolates to grow in tick cells as each isolate grew better in the tick cell line derived from its natural vector species. These results increase our understanding of the mechanisms of A. phagocytophilum @entity3 and multiplication and suggest that multiple mechanisms may affect disease prevalence in different geographical regions.

title: Infection of Ixodes spp. tick cells with different XXXX isolates induces the inhibition of apoptotic cell death.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Retrospective and observational analyses suggest that occult lymph-node @entity2 are an important prognostic factor for disease recurrence or survival among @entity1 with @entity0 . Prospective data on clinical outcomes from randomized trials according to sentinel-node involvement have been lacking. METHODS: We randomly assigned @entity1 with @entity0 to sentinel-lymph-node biopsy plus axillary dissection or sentinel-lymph-node biopsy alone. @entity5 -embedded tissue blocks of sentinel lymph nodes obtained from @entity1 with pathologically negative sentinel lymph nodes were centrally evaluated for occult @entity2 deeper in the blocks. Both routine staining and immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin were used at two widely spaced additional tissue levels. Treating physicians were unaware of the findings, which were not used for clinical treatment decisions. The initial evaluation at participating sites was designed to detect all macrometastases larger than 2 mm in the greatest dimension. RESULTS: Occult @entity2 were detected in 15.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.7 to 17.1) of 3887 @entity1 . Log-rank tests indicated a significant difference between @entity1 in whom occult @entity2 were detected and those in whom no occult @entity2 were detected with respect to overall survival (P=0.03), disease-free survival (P=0.02), and distant-disease-free interval (P=0.04). The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios for @entity4 , any outcome event, and distant disease were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.86), 1.31 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.60), and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.66), respectively. Five-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival among @entity1 in whom occult @entity2 were detected and those without detectable @entity2 were 94.6% and 95.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Occult @entity2 were an independent prognostic variable in @entity1 with sentinel nodes that were negative on initial examination; however, the magnitude of the difference in outcome at 5 years was small (1.2 percentage points). These data do not indicate a clinical benefit of additional evaluation, including immunohistochemical analysis, of initially negative sentinel nodes in @entity1 with @entity0 . (Funded by the National @entity3 Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00003830.).

title: Effect of occult @entity2 on survival in node-negative XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Retrospective and observational analyses suggest that occult lymph-node @entity2 are an important prognostic factor for disease recurrence or survival among @entity1 with @entity0 . Prospective data on clinical outcomes from randomized trials according to sentinel-node involvement have been lacking. METHODS: We randomly assigned @entity1 with @entity0 to sentinel-lymph-node biopsy plus axillary dissection or sentinel-lymph-node biopsy alone. @entity5 -embedded tissue blocks of sentinel lymph nodes obtained from @entity1 with pathologically negative sentinel lymph nodes were centrally evaluated for occult @entity2 deeper in the blocks. Both routine staining and immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin were used at two widely spaced additional tissue levels. Treating physicians were unaware of the findings, which were not used for clinical treatment decisions. The initial evaluation at participating sites was designed to detect all macrometastases larger than 2 mm in the greatest dimension. RESULTS: Occult @entity2 were detected in 15.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.7 to 17.1) of 3887 @entity1 . Log-rank tests indicated a significant difference between @entity1 in whom occult @entity2 were detected and those in whom no occult @entity2 were detected with respect to overall survival (P=0.03), disease-free survival (P=0.02), and distant-disease-free interval (P=0.04). The corresponding adjusted hazard ratios for @entity4 , any outcome event, and distant disease were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.86), 1.31 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.60), and 1.30 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.66), respectively. Five-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival among @entity1 in whom occult @entity2 were detected and those without detectable @entity2 were 94.6% and 95.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Occult @entity2 were an independent prognostic variable in @entity1 with sentinel nodes that were negative on initial examination; however, the magnitude of the difference in outcome at 5 years was small (1.2 percentage points). These data do not indicate a clinical benefit of additional evaluation, including immunohistochemical analysis, of initially negative sentinel nodes in @entity1 with @entity0 . (Funded by the National @entity3 Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00003830.).

title: Effect of occult XXXX on survival in node-negative @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a traumatic event that results in motor, sensitive or autonomic function disturbances, which have direct impact on the life quality of the affected individual. Recent studies have shown that attenuation of the inflammatory response after @entity2 plays a key role in the reestablishment of motor function. Galectin-3 is a pleiotropic molecule belonging to the @entity3 -ligand lectin family, which is expressed by different cells in different tissues. Studies have shown that galectin-3 induces the recruitment and activation of neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, lymphocytes and microglia. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the lack of galectin-3 on the functional outcome, cellular recruitment and morphological changes in tissue, after @entity2 . C57BL/6wild-type and galectin-3 knockout @entity0 were used in this study. A vascular clip was used for 1min to generate a compressive @entity2 . By BMS we detected that the @entity5 (-/-) presented a better functional outcome during the studied period. This finding is related to a decrease in the @entity1 and a higher volume of spared white matter at 7 and 42days post injury (dpi). Moreover, @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 showed a higher number of spared fibers at 28dpi. Because of the importance of the inflammatory response after @entity2 and the role that galectin-3 plays in it, we investigated possible differences in the inflammatory response between the analyzed groups. No differences in neutrophils were observed 24h after injury. However, at 3dpi, the @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 showed more neutrophils infiltrated into the spinal tissue when compared with the WT @entity0 . At this same time point, no differences in the percentage of the @entity4 /Arginase1 positive cells were observed. Remarkably, @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 displayed a decrease in @entity4 staining at 7dpi, compared with the WT @entity0 . At the same time, @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 presented a more prominent Arginase1 stained area, suggesting an anti-inflammatory cell phenotype. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the lack of galectin-3 plays a key role in the inflammatory process triggered by @entity2 , leading to better and early recovery of locomotor function.

title: Lack of galectin-3 improves the functional outcome and tissue sparing by modulating inflammatory response after a compressive XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Our aim is to estimate the effect of nonadherence to evidence-based cardioprotective medications on all-cause mortality in survivors of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: A @entity0 -based retrospective cohort study of 1-year survivors of @entity2 , members of a health organization in Israel, between 2005 and 2010 was used. Adherence was measured using the proportion-of-days-covered metric and defined as a proportion of days covered >= 80%. In order to determine the independent impact of medication nonadherence on all-cause mortality, Cox proportional hazards models were constructed, adjusting for @entity0 demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: Of 4655 @entity0 prescribed at least one medication, 864 died during an 8-year follow-up (median 4.5   years). Except for beta-blockers, medication nonadherence was significantly associated with increased adjusted all-cause mortality risk for @entity1 [hazard ratio ( @entity3 ), 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.47], statins ( @entity3 , 1.36; 95%CI, 1.18-1.57), and @entity5 -converting enzyme inhibitors/ @entity5 receptor blockers only among @entity4 @entity0 with documented @entity3 ( @entity3 , 1.57; 95%CI, 1.16-2.14). Multidrug-combined therapy exerted incremental survival benefit in a dose-response gradient, exceeding that of single-component treatment. The highest risk of mortality was observed in @entity0 adherent to none of the medications compared with adherents to all medications, with a 38% increase in risk of mortality ( @entity3 , 1.38; 95%CI, 1.06-1.80). CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient nonadherence to evidence-based cardioprotective medications in @entity0 with @entity2 is common, and in the case of @entity1 , statin or combined therapy is associated with a marked risk increase in all-cause mortality. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of @entity5 -converting enzyme inhibitor/ @entity5 receptor blocker in @entity0 subgroups. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Effect of adherence to evidence-based therapy after XXXX on all-cause mortality.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probes for the single-cell detection and enumeration of @entity1 bacteria, in particular organisms belonging to the major phylogenetic groups and species of oral lactobacilli and to Abiotrophia/Granulicatella. RESULTS: As lactobacilli are known for notorious resistance to probe penetration, probe-specific assay protocols were experimentally developed to provide maximum cell wall permeability, probe accessibility, hybridization stringency, and fluorescence intensity. The new assays were then applied in a pilot study to three biofilm samples harvested from variably demineralized @entity0 enamel discs that had been carried in situ for 10 days by different volunteers. Best probe penetration and fluorescent labeling of reference strains were obtained after combined lysozyme and achromopeptidase treatment followed by exposure to lipase. Hybridization stringency had to be established strictly for each probe. Thereafter all probes showed the expected specificity with reference strains and labeled the anticipated morphotypes in dental plaques. Applied to in situ grown biofilms the set of probes detected only @entity3 and bacteria of the @entity3 casei group. The most cariogenic biofilm contained two orders of magnitude higher @entity3 cell numbers than the other biofilms. Abiotrophia/Granulicatella and streptococci from the mitis group were found in all samples at high levels, whereas @entity2 was detected in only one sample in very low numbers. CONCLUSIONS: Application of these new group- and species-specific FISH probes to oral biofilm-forming @entity1 bacteria will allow a clearer understanding of the supragingival biome, its spatial architecture and of structure-function relationships implicated during plaque homeostasis and caries development. The probes should prove of value far beyond the field of oral microbiology, as many of them detect non-oral species and phylogenetic groups of importance in a variety of medical conditions and the food industry.

title: Phylogenetic group- and species-specific oligonucleotide probes for single-cell detection of XXXX bacteria in oral biofilms.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity5 ) can develop during the course of ageing and is a feature of many @entity1 . Many individuals with @entity5 have substantial, sustained, and complex health care needs, which frequently include @entity4 . However, individuals with @entity5 can have difficulty communicating the features of their @entity4 to others, which in turn presents a significant challenge for effective diagnosis and treatment of their @entity4 . Herein, we review the literature on responsivity of individuals with @entity5 to experimental @entity4 stimuli. We discuss @entity4 responding across a large number of @entity1 in which @entity5 is typically present. Overall, the existing data suggest that @entity4 processing is altered in most individuals with @entity5 compared with cognitively intact matched controls. The precise nature of these alterations varies with the type of @entity5 (or associated clinical @entity5 ) and may also depend on the type of @entity4 stimulation used and the type of @entity4 responses assessed. Nevertheless, it is clear that regardless of the etiology of @entity5 , @entity0 do feel noxious stimuli, with more evidence for @entity2 than hyposensitivity to these stimuli compared with cognitively unimpaired individuals. Our current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underpinning these alterations is limited but may be enhanced through the use of animal models of @entity5 , which also exhibit alterations in nociceptive responding. Further research using additional behavioural indices of @entity4 is warranted. Increased understanding of altered experimental @entity4 processing in @entity5 will facilitate the development of improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for @entity4 in individuals with @entity5 .

title: Experimental XXXX processing in individuals with @entity3 : current state of the science.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity5 ) can develop during the course of ageing and is a feature of many @entity1 . Many individuals with @entity5 have substantial, sustained, and complex health care needs, which frequently include @entity4 . However, individuals with @entity5 can have difficulty communicating the features of their @entity4 to others, which in turn presents a significant challenge for effective diagnosis and treatment of their @entity4 . Herein, we review the literature on responsivity of individuals with @entity5 to experimental @entity4 stimuli. We discuss @entity4 responding across a large number of @entity1 in which @entity5 is typically present. Overall, the existing data suggest that @entity4 processing is altered in most individuals with @entity5 compared with cognitively intact matched controls. The precise nature of these alterations varies with the type of @entity5 (or associated clinical @entity5 ) and may also depend on the type of @entity4 stimulation used and the type of @entity4 responses assessed. Nevertheless, it is clear that regardless of the etiology of @entity5 , @entity0 do feel noxious stimuli, with more evidence for @entity2 than hyposensitivity to these stimuli compared with cognitively unimpaired individuals. Our current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underpinning these alterations is limited but may be enhanced through the use of animal models of @entity5 , which also exhibit alterations in nociceptive responding. Further research using additional behavioural indices of @entity4 is warranted. Increased understanding of altered experimental @entity4 processing in @entity5 will facilitate the development of improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for @entity4 in individuals with @entity5 .

title: Experimental @entity4 processing in individuals with XXXX : current state of the science.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural Killer ( @entity6 ) cells are the most abundant lymphocytes in the decidua during early gestation. The interactions of @entity6 cells with the extravillous cytotrophoblast have been associated with a normal spiral artery remodeling process, an essential event for a successful pregnancy. Recent data indicate that alterations in the amount of decidual @entity6 ( @entity6 ) cells contribute to the development of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Moreover, genetic studies suggest that @entity5 ( @entity5 ) expressed in @entity6 cells influence the susceptibility to @entity1 . Although @entity6 cells have been well characterized during early pregnancy, they have been scarcely studied in the third trimester of gestation. The aim of this work was to characterize @entity6 cells at the last trimester of gestation and to analyze the @entity5 genotype of healthy and @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: Decidual samples were obtained during Caesarean section from control (n = 10) and @entity1 (n = 9) @entity0 . Flow cytometric analysis of CD3, @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity4 was used to characterize and quantify @entity6 cells in both groups. Cell surface markers from decidual leukocytes were compared with PBMC from healthy donors. @entity5 genotyping was performed in genomic DNA (control, n = 86; @entity1 , n = 90) using PCR-SSP. RESULTS: The results indicate that @entity6 cells persist throughout pregnancy. They represented 20% of total leukocytes in control and @entity1 groups, and they expressed the same cell surface markers (CD3-, @entity2 +, @entity3 - and @entity4 +) as @entity6 in the first trimester of gestation. There were no significant differences in the percentage of @entity6 cells between control and @entity1 groups. The analysis of @entity5 gene frequencies and genotypes was not statistically different between control and @entity1 groups. The ratio of activating to inhibitory genes indicated that the overall inhibitory balance (0.2-0.5) was more frequent in the @entity1 group (control, 31.3% vs @entity1 , 45.5%), and the activating balance (0.6-1.1) was more frequent in the control group (control, 68.6% vs @entity1 , 54.4%). However this difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the persistence of @entity6 cells in @entity1 and control @entity0 at the third trimester of pregnancy; these @entity6 cells had a similar phenotype to those found during early pregnancy. The predominance of a @entity5 inhibitory balance in the @entity1 group could be associated to the physiopathology of @entity1 .

title: Persistence of decidual XXXX cells and @entity5 genotypes in healthy pregnant and preeclamptic @entity0 : a case-control study in the third trimester of gestation.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural Killer ( @entity6 ) cells are the most abundant lymphocytes in the decidua during early gestation. The interactions of @entity6 cells with the extravillous cytotrophoblast have been associated with a normal spiral artery remodeling process, an essential event for a successful pregnancy. Recent data indicate that alterations in the amount of decidual @entity6 ( @entity6 ) cells contribute to the development of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Moreover, genetic studies suggest that @entity5 ( @entity5 ) expressed in @entity6 cells influence the susceptibility to @entity1 . Although @entity6 cells have been well characterized during early pregnancy, they have been scarcely studied in the third trimester of gestation. The aim of this work was to characterize @entity6 cells at the last trimester of gestation and to analyze the @entity5 genotype of healthy and @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: Decidual samples were obtained during Caesarean section from control (n = 10) and @entity1 (n = 9) @entity0 . Flow cytometric analysis of CD3, @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity4 was used to characterize and quantify @entity6 cells in both groups. Cell surface markers from decidual leukocytes were compared with PBMC from healthy donors. @entity5 genotyping was performed in genomic DNA (control, n = 86; @entity1 , n = 90) using PCR-SSP. RESULTS: The results indicate that @entity6 cells persist throughout pregnancy. They represented 20% of total leukocytes in control and @entity1 groups, and they expressed the same cell surface markers (CD3-, @entity2 +, @entity3 - and @entity4 +) as @entity6 in the first trimester of gestation. There were no significant differences in the percentage of @entity6 cells between control and @entity1 groups. The analysis of @entity5 gene frequencies and genotypes was not statistically different between control and @entity1 groups. The ratio of activating to inhibitory genes indicated that the overall inhibitory balance (0.2-0.5) was more frequent in the @entity1 group (control, 31.3% vs @entity1 , 45.5%), and the activating balance (0.6-1.1) was more frequent in the control group (control, 68.6% vs @entity1 , 54.4%). However this difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the persistence of @entity6 cells in @entity1 and control @entity0 at the third trimester of pregnancy; these @entity6 cells had a similar phenotype to those found during early pregnancy. The predominance of a @entity5 inhibitory balance in the @entity1 group could be associated to the physiopathology of @entity1 .

title: Persistence of decidual @entity6 cells and XXXX genotypes in healthy pregnant and preeclamptic @entity0 : a case-control study in the third trimester of gestation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Natural Killer ( @entity6 ) cells are the most abundant lymphocytes in the decidua during early gestation. The interactions of @entity6 cells with the extravillous cytotrophoblast have been associated with a normal spiral artery remodeling process, an essential event for a successful pregnancy. Recent data indicate that alterations in the amount of decidual @entity6 ( @entity6 ) cells contribute to the development of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Moreover, genetic studies suggest that @entity5 ( @entity5 ) expressed in @entity6 cells influence the susceptibility to @entity1 . Although @entity6 cells have been well characterized during early pregnancy, they have been scarcely studied in the third trimester of gestation. The aim of this work was to characterize @entity6 cells at the last trimester of gestation and to analyze the @entity5 genotype of healthy and @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: Decidual samples were obtained during Caesarean section from control (n = 10) and @entity1 (n = 9) @entity0 . Flow cytometric analysis of CD3, @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity4 was used to characterize and quantify @entity6 cells in both groups. Cell surface markers from decidual leukocytes were compared with PBMC from healthy donors. @entity5 genotyping was performed in genomic DNA (control, n = 86; @entity1 , n = 90) using PCR-SSP. RESULTS: The results indicate that @entity6 cells persist throughout pregnancy. They represented 20% of total leukocytes in control and @entity1 groups, and they expressed the same cell surface markers (CD3-, @entity2 +, @entity3 - and @entity4 +) as @entity6 in the first trimester of gestation. There were no significant differences in the percentage of @entity6 cells between control and @entity1 groups. The analysis of @entity5 gene frequencies and genotypes was not statistically different between control and @entity1 groups. The ratio of activating to inhibitory genes indicated that the overall inhibitory balance (0.2-0.5) was more frequent in the @entity1 group (control, 31.3% vs @entity1 , 45.5%), and the activating balance (0.6-1.1) was more frequent in the control group (control, 68.6% vs @entity1 , 54.4%). However this difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the persistence of @entity6 cells in @entity1 and control @entity0 at the third trimester of pregnancy; these @entity6 cells had a similar phenotype to those found during early pregnancy. The predominance of a @entity5 inhibitory balance in the @entity1 group could be associated to the physiopathology of @entity1 .

title: Persistence of decidual @entity6 cells and @entity5 genotypes in healthy pregnant and preeclamptic XXXX : a case-control study in the third trimester of gestation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate basal @entity3 (T) levels during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle as a predictor for ovarian response and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) outcome. METHOD: We analyzed data retrospectively from hospital-based @entity2 center including one thousand two hundred and sixty Chinese Han @entity0 under their first @entity2 cycle reached the ovum pick-up stage, without @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or @entity1 undergoing long @entity2 protocol. @entity0 were divided into 2 groups. Group 1: @entity0 with diminished ovarian reserve (basal FSH >10 IU/L) (n = 187); Group 2: @entity0 with normal ovarian reserve (basal FSH < = 10 IU/L) (n = 1073). We studied the association of basal T levels with ovarian response and @entity2 outcome in the two groups. Long luteal down-regulation protocol was used in all @entity0 , that is, the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist was administered in the midluteal phase of the previous cycle and use of recombinant FSH was started when satisfactory pituitary desensitization was achieved. RESULTS: Basal T levels were markly different between pregnant and non-pregnant @entity0 in Group 1; whereas not in Group 2. A @entity3 level of 47.85 ng/dl was shown to predict pregnancy outcome with a sensitivity of 52.8% and specificity of 65.3%; and the basal T was correlated with the numbers of large follicles (> 14 mm) on HCG day in Group 1. Significantly negative correlations were observed between basal T, days of stimulation and total dose of gonadotropins after adjusting for confounding factors in both groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with diminished ovarian reserve, basal T level was a predictor for the number of large follicles on HCG day and pregnancy outcome; but could not in those with normal serum FSH. Basal T levels were associated with both days of stimulation and total dose of gonadotropins, indicating that lower level of T might relate with potential ovarian poor response.

title: Association of basal serum XXXX levels with ovarian response and @entity2 outcome.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate basal @entity3 (T) levels during follicular phase of the menstrual cycle as a predictor for ovarian response and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) outcome. METHOD: We analyzed data retrospectively from hospital-based @entity2 center including one thousand two hundred and sixty Chinese Han @entity0 under their first @entity2 cycle reached the ovum pick-up stage, without @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or @entity1 undergoing long @entity2 protocol. @entity0 were divided into 2 groups. Group 1: @entity0 with diminished ovarian reserve (basal FSH >10 IU/L) (n = 187); Group 2: @entity0 with normal ovarian reserve (basal FSH < = 10 IU/L) (n = 1073). We studied the association of basal T levels with ovarian response and @entity2 outcome in the two groups. Long luteal down-regulation protocol was used in all @entity0 , that is, the gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist was administered in the midluteal phase of the previous cycle and use of recombinant FSH was started when satisfactory pituitary desensitization was achieved. RESULTS: Basal T levels were markly different between pregnant and non-pregnant @entity0 in Group 1; whereas not in Group 2. A @entity3 level of 47.85 ng/dl was shown to predict pregnancy outcome with a sensitivity of 52.8% and specificity of 65.3%; and the basal T was correlated with the numbers of large follicles (> 14 mm) on HCG day in Group 1. Significantly negative correlations were observed between basal T, days of stimulation and total dose of gonadotropins after adjusting for confounding factors in both groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with diminished ovarian reserve, basal T level was a predictor for the number of large follicles on HCG day and pregnancy outcome; but could not in those with normal serum FSH. Basal T levels were associated with both days of stimulation and total dose of gonadotropins, indicating that lower level of T might relate with potential ovarian poor response.

title: Association of basal serum @entity3 levels with ovarian response and XXXX outcome.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 is an insidious disease, with a high mortality rate typically attributed to the long delay in diagnosis. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are important. Here, we present a @entity0 with @entity3 . A 65-year-old @entity0 presented with constant @entity7 associated with @entity4 and @entity5 . He was diagnosed with severe @entity2 and was treated with @entity14 and @entity8 . The @entity8 was tapered because of @entity6 , and he received total parenteral nutrition for a month. His @entity7 and @entity5 worsened, and he lost 5  kg of weight. He was then transferred to our institute. Computed tomography showed thickening of the left colon. Colonoscopy showed @entity13 with @entity11 , large @entity1 folds, congested mucosa, and @entity10 of the sigmoid colon, with sparing of the rectum, raising the possibility of IMV @entity9 . Angiography confirmed IMV @entity9 . Anticoagulation therapy was initiated with intravenous @entity15 followed by oral @entity12 . His @entity7 and @entity5 resolved, and he was discharged from hospital. Six months later, he remained asymptomatic with normal colonoscopic findings.

title: Anticoagulation therapy dramatically improved severe sigmoiditis with findings resembling inflammatory bowel disease, which was caused by XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In spite of the improvements in surgical techniques and intensive care therapy, no appreciable improvement in the prognosis for @entity0 with @entity2 has been made in recent years. Several types of adjuvant treatment, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, have therefore been proposed and used in clinical trials, mainly in the United States and western Europe. The results obtained by the Gastrointestinal Group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of @entity1 (EORTC), using preoperative radiation therapy with 3450 rads, are reported here; this therapy results in a reduction in the number of local recurrences and also appears to prolong the five-year survival period, although a longer follow-up is required to confirm this. According to the @entity5 Study Group (GITSG), postoperative radiation therapy with chemotherapy seems to prolong the @entity1 -free interval in stages B2 and C when compared to surgery alone. Nonspecific immunotherapy does not appear to improve surgical results either in terms of local recurrences or survival. Some clinical trials suggest that systemic polychemotherapy benefit subgroups of @entity0 with @entity2 . @entity3 is still very high, however; @entity4 is the more active and safe single agent but, due to the low response rate, it appears essential to identify new, more active drugs. Particular attention has been focused recently on prophylactic infusion chemotherapy of the liver, and clinical trials are now being made by several groups, including the EORTC. Preliminary results seem to show a reduced incidence of liver metastases in @entity0 infused with @entity4 after radical surgery. Adjuvant therapy in @entity2 @entity0 undergoing radical surgery has so far given encouraging results. Future results are awaited with optimism, but they must be achieved through prospective clinical trials conducted by well-organized cooperative groups.

title: Adjuvant therapy for XXXX . The EORTC experience and a review of the literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: There have been no reports of @entity10 (GISTs) <20  mm with distant @entity1 . We report a case of a 15-mm @entity6 with liver @entity1 1  year after surgical resection of the @entity4 . A 35-year-old @entity0 underwent routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy in July 2009. A @entity2 ( @entity2 ) <20  mm was incidentally detected at the posterior wall of the gastric body. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) indicated that it was a gastrointestinal @entity7 , including GIST, @entity11 or @entity9 . He did not accept regular follow-up for this gastric @entity2 , therefore local laparoscopic excision was carried out in October 2009. The final pathological diagnosis after surgery was GIST, 15  mm in size, and a mitotic rate of 7/50 high-power fields, which did not indicate a high metastatic risk. The @entity0 was followed up regularly without adjuvant chemotherapy. At 1  year after surgery, a space-occupying lesion ~15  mm was detected in the left lobe of the liver by abdominal ultrasound, where no @entity3 had been observed before surgery. To make a definite diagnosis of the @entity8 , EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration was performed, which demonstrated a metastatic @entity5 from a @entity6 . Although this was a rare case, we should keep in mind that gastric GISTs do have a chance of malignant behavior, even if <20  mm.

title: XXXX smaller than 20  mm with liver @entity1 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: There have been no reports of @entity10 (GISTs) <20  mm with distant @entity1 . We report a case of a 15-mm @entity6 with liver @entity1 1  year after surgical resection of the @entity4 . A 35-year-old @entity0 underwent routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy in July 2009. A @entity2 ( @entity2 ) <20  mm was incidentally detected at the posterior wall of the gastric body. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) indicated that it was a gastrointestinal @entity7 , including GIST, @entity11 or @entity9 . He did not accept regular follow-up for this gastric @entity2 , therefore local laparoscopic excision was carried out in October 2009. The final pathological diagnosis after surgery was GIST, 15  mm in size, and a mitotic rate of 7/50 high-power fields, which did not indicate a high metastatic risk. The @entity0 was followed up regularly without adjuvant chemotherapy. At 1  year after surgery, a space-occupying lesion ~15  mm was detected in the left lobe of the liver by abdominal ultrasound, where no @entity3 had been observed before surgery. To make a definite diagnosis of the @entity8 , EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration was performed, which demonstrated a metastatic @entity5 from a @entity6 . Although this was a rare case, we should keep in mind that gastric GISTs do have a chance of malignant behavior, even if <20  mm.

title: @entity10 smaller than 20  mm with liver XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 of the pancreas are sometimes difficult to diagnose. We report a case of a gastric duplication cyst (GDC) of the pancreas in an adult. A 45-year-old @entity0 was admitted to our department for the investigation of @entity2 . Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a large @entity5 , measuring about 40  *  70  mm with calcification in the tail of the pancreas. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a non-enhanced @entity5 with non-enhanced wall. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography revealed a mild extended main pancreatic duct and an aberrant pancreatic duct, but there was no communication with the cyst. We could not deny the @entity1 , so distal pancreatectomy was performed. The pathological examination revealed that the inner wall of the cyst consisted of columnar epithelium and smooth muscle layer. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the columnar epithelium to be immunopositive for @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and immunonegative for @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and the glands to be immunonegative for @entity6 and immunopositive for @entity4 . Therefore, a diagnosis of GDC of the pancreas was made. On imaging, a GDC usually mimics a @entity3 . Therefore, even though it is rare, a GDC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 of the pancreas.

title: Intrapancreatic gastric duplication cyst mimicking XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: 50 consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 and symptoms of less than 4 hours duration were treated with anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (APSAC) 30U intravenously as a bolus injection over 5 minutes. An open @entity2 was found in 32 @entity0 (64%) when the first coronary angiography was taken 66 +/- 21 minutes after APSAC. Complete reperfusion was subsequently seen in 10 of 18 @entity0 with an occluded @entity2 74 +/- 16 minutes after injection of APSAC. Thus, a @entity0 @entity2 was seen in 42 @entity0 (84%) within 68 +/- 20 minutes. A control coronary angiography was performed in 37 @entity0 (74%) after 25 +/- 19 days. Reocclusion was found in 5 @entity0 . The minimal cross-sectional area of the residual @entity3 increased from 1.3 +/- 0.9 mm2 to 1.8 +/- 1.9 mm2. @entity0 with residual thrombi after coronary thrombolysis (n = 13) demonstrated an increase of the minimal cross-sectional area of the residual stenosis from 1.2 +/- 0.8 to 2.6 +/- 2.3 mm2, whereas those without residual thrombi showed only minor changes of the minimal cross-sectional area (1.3 +/- 0.9 to 1.2 +/- 1.2 mm2). Thus, APSAC demonstrated a high patency rate and a low reocclusion rate after intravenous administration. The prolonged fibrinolytic activity of APSAC leads to a further regression of the residual @entity3 among @entity0 with coronary thrombi after reperfusion.

title: Early clinical evaluation of the intravenous treatment of XXXX with anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The processing and trafficking of insulin in cultured @entity0 hepatocytes were studied. A time course of binding of radiolabeled insulin to hepatocytes at 37 C revealed a rapid rise in cell-associated radioactivity that reached a steady state by 20 min. Using an acid medium to extract insulin bound to surface receptors, the time courses of receptor binding and internalization of the ligand were characterized. The earliest event in insulin processing was the binding of insulin to surface receptors, reaching steady state by 20 min with a t1/2 of 4 min. The internalization rate of ligand was initially slower than the binding rate, with a t1/2 of 6 min. Similar internalization rates of the insulin receptor were found by measuring the trypsin sensitivity of hepatocyte insulin receptors covalently occupied with a photo-affinity-labeled derivative of insulin [( 125I]B2 (2-nitro-4-azido-phenylacetyl)Des-PheB1-insulin). At steady state, the internalized ligand and receptor comprised approximately 40-45% of the cell-associated radioactivity. The time course of intracellular degradation was assessed by @entity2 ( @entity3 ) precipitability and Sephadex G-50 gel chromatography of solubilized cells containing only internalized radioactivity. Intracellular @entity3 -soluble and low mol wt degradation products first appeared by 5 min and were released from the cell 3 min later. @entity1 (100 microM) completely inhibited the formation of intracellular low mol wt degradation products as well as their appearance in the medium. The release of intracellular radioactivity was assessed by first removing surface-bound insulin with acid extraction. Eighty percent of the intracellular radioactivity was released in 45 min with a t1/2 of 8 min. The released radioactivity was assessed by @entity3 precipitability and gel chromatography. These results demonstrate that after 20 min, 43% of the released intracellular radioactivity is intact insulin. The percentage of intact insulin released increases in a dose-dependent fashion as the amount of insulin bound and internalized increases. In conclusion, the earliest event in insulin processing is binding to surface receptors. After a short delay, insulin and its receptor are internalized and trafficked into either a @entity1 -sensitive degradative pathway or a @entity1 -insensitive retroendocytotic pathway. The amount of insulin that traverses the nondegradative retroendocytotic pathway is proportional to the amount of insulin bound and internalized by the cell.

title: The trafficking and processing of insulin and insulin receptors in cultured XXXX hepatocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to assess visual and structural outcomes in @entity2 after conventional treatment (topical and systemic antifungals) and intracameral @entity4 (ICAMB), and to evaluate any complications. DESIGN: This was a prospective, nonrandomized, nonblinded interventional study. METHODS: This study was conducted on 104 eyes of 104 @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity0 were categorized into 2 groups: group A, who received conventional topical and systemic antifungal medications, and group B, who received ICAMB in the dose of 5 to 10  g in 1 mL of 5% @entity1 . Response to treatment was evaluated. Results of the 2 groups were compared with appropriate statistical indices. RESULTS: The mean final visual acuity in @entity0 in group B receiving ICAMB was 1.22    0.31 logMAR units. The improvement in mean visual acuity was 1.40    0.2 logMAR units. In group A, mean visual outcome was 1.25    0.73 logMAR units. There was an improvement by 0.55    0.30 logMAR units. Healing with varying degrees of opacification occurred in a significant number of @entity0 (81.48%) treated with ICAMB as compared with conventional treatment (Z = 2.24, P < 0.05). Complications, such as sloughing, occurred in significantly fewer @entity0 treated with ICAMB as compared with conventional treatment (Z = 2.29, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In cases of keratomycosis where response to local and systemic antifungal treatment is not evident after 7 days, ICAMB can be safely administered to prevent the progression of @entity3 and the development of complications.

title: Efficacy Profile of Intracameral XXXX . The Often Forgotten Step.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Usefulness of the ultrasonographical device (USD) for early diagnosis of pregnancy and for observation of fetal growth was examined in the @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Firstly, 50 females, each of which was mated for 24 hours in an individual cage, were used. They were diagnosed for pregnancy by the use of USD 15 to 29 days and 35 days after mating. Then, 20 of them were judged to be pregnant. The early pregnancy diagnosis was based on the detection of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the uterus. The @entity1 was detected 20.0 +/- 1.8 days after mating. The duration from the day on which @entity1 was first detected to the day on which the heart beat of embryo (HBE) was detected averaged 5.6 +/- 1.5 days. In 17 of these 20 pregnancies, @entity1 was detected 17 to 23 days after mating. As regards the remaining three pregnant cases, @entity1 and HBE were simultaneously detected on the 28th day of pregnancy in two cases, and on the 35th day in one case. Secondly, 225 females who were mated by the routine 3 day-mating system were used. Pregnancy diagnosis by USD was conducted on the 21st, 28th and 35th day after mating. Ninety-six of the 225 females were judged to be pregnant. In 33 (34.1%) of the 96 pregnant cases, @entity1 was detected on the 21st day of pregnancy. In 57 females (59.4%), @entity1 was detected on the 35th day. Furthermore, it was able to judge conditions of fetal growth by measuring the size of @entity1 and biparietal diameter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Early pregnancy diagnosis by the ultrasonographical device and observation of fatal growth in XXXX ( @entity0 )].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Usefulness of the ultrasonographical device (USD) for early diagnosis of pregnancy and for observation of fetal growth was examined in the @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Firstly, 50 females, each of which was mated for 24 hours in an individual cage, were used. They were diagnosed for pregnancy by the use of USD 15 to 29 days and 35 days after mating. Then, 20 of them were judged to be pregnant. The early pregnancy diagnosis was based on the detection of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the uterus. The @entity1 was detected 20.0 +/- 1.8 days after mating. The duration from the day on which @entity1 was first detected to the day on which the heart beat of embryo (HBE) was detected averaged 5.6 +/- 1.5 days. In 17 of these 20 pregnancies, @entity1 was detected 17 to 23 days after mating. As regards the remaining three pregnant cases, @entity1 and HBE were simultaneously detected on the 28th day of pregnancy in two cases, and on the 35th day in one case. Secondly, 225 females who were mated by the routine 3 day-mating system were used. Pregnancy diagnosis by USD was conducted on the 21st, 28th and 35th day after mating. Ninety-six of the 225 females were judged to be pregnant. In 33 (34.1%) of the 96 pregnant cases, @entity1 was detected on the 21st day of pregnancy. In 57 females (59.4%), @entity1 was detected on the 35th day. Furthermore, it was able to judge conditions of fetal growth by measuring the size of @entity1 and biparietal diameter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Early pregnancy diagnosis by the ultrasonographical device and observation of fatal growth in @entity0 ( XXXX )].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Importance: Optimal chemotherapy dosing in @entity1 @entity0 remains uncertain, with variation in practice. Dose reduction strategies are often used to avoid chemotoxicity, but recent American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines recommend full dose. Objective: To evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on chemotherapy dosing and of dose reduction on @entity2 survival. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : Cohort study in Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) health care setting of @entity0 with primary @entity2 diagnosed from January 2000 through March 2013. Analyses focused on 806 @entity0 receiving adjuvant first-line therapy of @entity5 and @entity4 with curative intent. Main Outcomes and Measures: Overall and @entity2 -specific mortality. @entity3 were identified through the KPNC Mortality Linkage System, with median follow-up of 52.5 months. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated from proportional hazards regression, accounting for prognostic variables including age at diagnosis, race, stage, grade, histologic type, chemotoxic effects, comorbidities, cancer antigen 125 levels, and BMI at diagnosis. Results: The strongest predictor of dose reduction was a high BMI. Compared with normal-weight @entity0 , @entity1 class III @entity0 received 38% and 45% lower doses in milligrams per kilogram of body weight of @entity4 and @entity5 , respectively (P   <   .001 for each agent). They also received lower relative dose intensity (RDI) for each agent and the combined regimen, calculated as average RDI (ARDI). Mean ARDI was 73.7% for @entity1 class III @entity0 and 88.2% for normal-weight @entity0 (P   <   .001). Lower ARDI (<70%) was associated with worse overall (HR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.10-2.37]) and @entity2 -specific survival (HR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.12-2.55]). @entity0 who were @entity1 at diagnosis appeared to have better survival. In multivariable-adjusted analyses considering joint effects by BMI and ARDI, compared with @entity0 with normal weight and no dose reduction, normal-weight @entity0 with dose reduction (ARDI   <   85%) experienced worse survival (HR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.02-2.21]). For each BMI category, those with ARDI less than 85% had worse survival than those without dose reduction. The improved survival among @entity1 @entity0 was no longer apparent with dose reduction. Conclusions and Relevance: Lower RDI was an independent predictor of @entity2 mortality. This finding was strongest among normal-weight @entity0 but seen at all levels of BMI. Our results suggest that body size should not be a major factor influencing dose reduction decisions in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Impact of Chemotherapy Dosing on XXXX Survival According to Body Mass Index.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is an uncommon @entity4 that can be inherited in an @entity9 ( @entity9 ) or an @entity2 ( @entity2 ) manner. We reviewed our large, single-center US experience with @entity10 . METHODS: We reviewed 27 @entity0 at Ann _ Robert H. Lurie @entity0 's Hospital of Chicago from March 1985 to November 2013. Fisher exact test was used to compare differences in categorical variables, and Student t test was used to compare means for continuous variables. @entity3 were defined as those requiring intravenous antibiotics or hospitalization. RESULTS: There were 23 males and 4 females; 19 were @entity9 and 8 were @entity2 . The average age at diagnosis was 3.0 years; 2.1 years for @entity9 and 5.3 years for @entity2 inheritance (P = 0.02). There were 128 serious @entity3 . The most frequent infectious agents were @entity7 (n = 13), Serratia (n = 11), @entity12 (n = 7), Aspergillus (n = 6) and Burkholderia (n = 4). The most common serious @entity3 were @entity1 (n = 38), @entity6 (n = 32) and @entity11 (n = 29). Thirteen @entity0 had @entity5 . Five @entity0 were below the 5th percentile for height and 4 were below the 5th percentile for weight. Average length of follow-up after diagnosis was 10.1 years. Twenty-four @entity0 were compliant and maintained on interferon-y, @entity8 and an @entity13 . The serious infection rate was 0.62 per @entity0 -year. Twenty-three @entity0 are alive (1 was lost to follow-up). CONCLUSIONS: We present a large, single-center US experience with @entity10 . Twenty-three of 27 @entity0 are alive after 3276 @entity0 -months of follow-up (1 has been lost to follow-up), and our serious infection rate was 0.62 per @entity0 -year.

title: XXXX : A Large, Single-center US Experience.

answer: @entity10


abstract: Background: Adverse events (AEs) are significant and common sources of harm to inpatients. International Classification of Diseases, 9(th) Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes, assigned to virtually all inpatient discharges, could provide a readily available surveillance system capable of detecting a variety of AEs. Objectives: To determine the positive predictive value ( @entity3 ) of selected ICD-9-CM codes (flagged codes) in identifying @entity1 and AEs causing admission to the hospital. Methods: Samples were drawn from two distinct @entity0 groups in calendar years 2001 and 2003: 7,070 inpatients from all acute care hospitals in Utah and 6,895 surgical inpatients from selected hospitals in Missouri. Structured chart review and abstraction identified all AEs and whether a flagged ICD-9-CM code represented an AE. AE codes were grouped into six categories to facilitate analysis: adverse drug events, surgical adverse events, misadventures, @entity2 , device events, and other adverse events. Results: Among all inpatients, 4,416 of 11,619 flagged codes represented AEs (38 percent); 1,789 of the flagged codes were @entity1 (15 percent). Flagged code PPVs were higher for surgical inpatients, with 11,990 of 16,816 flagged codes representing AEs (74 percent), and 7,507 codes (46 percent) indicating @entity1 . There was wide variability among AE @entity3 categories, both for all inpatients (15   77 percent) and surgical inpatients (62   92 percent). Conclusions: Flagged AE codes were consistently more likely to indicate AEs in surgical inpatients than in all inpatient types. Given this, and the striking performance differences within and among AE code categories, ICD-9-CM codes are best suited to targeted AE surveillance.

title: Using ICD-9-CM Codes in Hospital Claims Data to Detect Adverse Events in XXXX Safety Surveillance

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intractable @entity6 is a @entity1 with profound effects on cognition and quality of life. @entity3 surgery can lead to @entity4 freedom in @entity0 with @entity6 ; however, sometimes it fails owing to an incomplete delineation of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). Brain networks in @entity3 can be studied with resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis, yet previous investigations using functional MRI or electrocorticography have produced inconsistent results. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) allows noninvasive whole-brain recordings, and can be used to study both @entity2 in @entity6 and regional connectivity at the EZ. METHODS: In MEG recordings from presurgical @entity3 @entity0 , we examined: (1) global functional connectivity maps in @entity0 vs controls, and (2) regional functional connectivity maps at the region of resection, compared with the homotopic nonepileptogenic region in the contralateral hemisphere. RESULTS: Sixty-one @entity0 were studied, including 30 with mesial @entity5 and 31 with focal neocortical @entity3 . Compared with a group of 31 controls, @entity3 @entity0 had decreased RSFC in widespread regions, including perisylvian, posterior temporoparietal, and orbitofrontal cortices (P < .01, false discovery rate-corrected). Decreased mean global connectivity was related to longer duration of @entity3 and higher frequency of consciousness-impairing @entity4 (P < .01, linear regression). Furthermore, @entity0 with increased regional connectivity within the resection site (n = 24) were more likely to achieve postoperative @entity4 freedom (87.5% with Engel I outcome) than those with neutral (n = 15, 64.3% @entity4 free) or decreased (n = 23, 47.8% @entity4 free) regional connectivity (P < .02,   ). CONCLUSION: Widespread global decreases in functional connectivity are observed in @entity0 with @entity6 and may reflect deleterious long-term effects of recurrent @entity4 . Furthermore, enhanced regional functional connectivity at the area of resection may help predict @entity4 outcome and aid surgical planning.

title: 106   Functional Network Analysis in Surgical XXXX @entity0 Using Magnetoencephalography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intractable @entity6 is a @entity1 with profound effects on cognition and quality of life. @entity3 surgery can lead to @entity4 freedom in @entity0 with @entity6 ; however, sometimes it fails owing to an incomplete delineation of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). Brain networks in @entity3 can be studied with resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis, yet previous investigations using functional MRI or electrocorticography have produced inconsistent results. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) allows noninvasive whole-brain recordings, and can be used to study both @entity2 in @entity6 and regional connectivity at the EZ. METHODS: In MEG recordings from presurgical @entity3 @entity0 , we examined: (1) global functional connectivity maps in @entity0 vs controls, and (2) regional functional connectivity maps at the region of resection, compared with the homotopic nonepileptogenic region in the contralateral hemisphere. RESULTS: Sixty-one @entity0 were studied, including 30 with mesial @entity5 and 31 with focal neocortical @entity3 . Compared with a group of 31 controls, @entity3 @entity0 had decreased RSFC in widespread regions, including perisylvian, posterior temporoparietal, and orbitofrontal cortices (P < .01, false discovery rate-corrected). Decreased mean global connectivity was related to longer duration of @entity3 and higher frequency of consciousness-impairing @entity4 (P < .01, linear regression). Furthermore, @entity0 with increased regional connectivity within the resection site (n = 24) were more likely to achieve postoperative @entity4 freedom (87.5% with Engel I outcome) than those with neutral (n = 15, 64.3% @entity4 free) or decreased (n = 23, 47.8% @entity4 free) regional connectivity (P < .02,   ). CONCLUSION: Widespread global decreases in functional connectivity are observed in @entity0 with @entity6 and may reflect deleterious long-term effects of recurrent @entity4 . Furthermore, enhanced regional functional connectivity at the area of resection may help predict @entity4 outcome and aid surgical planning.

title: 106   Functional Network Analysis in Surgical @entity3 XXXX Using Magnetoencephalography.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The comparative efficacy of microscopic and fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for @entity4 has not been well studied despite the adoption of fully endoscopic surgery by many pituitary centers. We compared the extent of @entity1 resection (EOR) and the endocrine outcomes of 1 very experienced surgeon performing a microscopic-transsphenoidal surgery technique (1800 independent cases) with those of a less experienced surgeon using a fully endoscopic-transsphenoidal surgery technique (100 independent cases) for nonfunctioning @entity4 in a concurrent series of @entity0 . METHODS: Post hoc analysis was conducted of a cohort of adult @entity0 prospectively enrolled in a @entity4 quality-of-life study between 2011 and 2014. RESULTS: Fifty-five @entity0 underwent fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery, and 80 @entity0 underwent fully microscopic transsphenoidal surgery. Baseline characteristics of the 2 treatment groups were well matched. EOR was similar between the endoscopic and microscopic groups, respectively, as estimated by gross total resection rate (78.2% vs 81.3%, P = .67), percentage of @entity1 resected (99.2% vs 98.7%, P = .42), and @entity2 (0.12 cm vs 0.20 cm, P = .41). Multivariate modeling suggested that preoperative @entity1 volume was the most important predictor of EOR (P = .001). No difference was found in the development of @entity3 (P > .14), but there was a higher incidence of @entity3 in the microscopic group (P = .04). Combined rates of major complications and unplanned readmissions were lower in the endoscopic group (P = .007), but individual complications were not different. CONCLUSION: A less experienced surgeon using a fully endoscopic technique was able to achieve similar outcomes compared with a very experienced surgeon using a microscopic technique in a cohort of @entity0 with nonfunctioning @entity1 . These data suggest that certain advantages afforded by the fully endoscopic technique help address the learning curve in pituitary surgery.

title: 134   Comparison of Extent of Tumor Resection and Endocrine Outcomes for Nonfunctioning XXXX of a Less Experienced Surgeon Using a Fully Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery Technique to a Very Experienced Surgeon Using a Microscopic Transsphenoidal Surgical Technique.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 is a challenging clinical entity. Despite improvements in microsurgery and medical therapy, @entity4 persists or recurs in many @entity0 . We evaluate the long-term results of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for acromegalic @entity0 . METHODS: This was a retrospective study of @entity0 treated with SRS at the University of Virginia; the data were collected from 1989 to 2013. A total of 136 @entity0 underwent SRS for @entity4 . Diagnosis of @entity4 was based on the combination of clinical features and biochemical assessment including to serum @entity5 ( @entity5 ) level, and age- and sex-matched serum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) level. All @entity0 underwent a complete endocrine evaluation, neuroimaging study, and ophthalmic examinations before SRS. @entity0 who had an OGTT @entity5 of <1.0 ng/mL or normal @entity3 were considered in remission. @entity7 was defined as a decrease in one or more hormones below normal. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 61.5 months, 65.4% of the @entity0 achieved remission. The mean time to remission was 27.5 months. The actuarial remission rates at 2, 4, 6, and 8 years postradiosurgery were 31.7%, 64.5%, 73.4%, and 82.6%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors (P < .05) for remission included a higher margin radiation dose, higher maximum dose, and lower initial @entity3 level. New @entity8 occurred in 43 @entity0 (31.6%); 2 @entity0 (1.5%) developed @entity8 . Risk factors for new @entity8 were a margin dose >25 Gy and @entity1 volume >2.5 mL. Other complications included an adverse radiation effect in 1 @entity0 , @entity2 in 4, and new @entity6 in 1. CONCLUSION: SRS affords endocrine remission in the majority of acromegalic @entity0 . Delivering a higher radiation dose portends a greater chance of remission. The most common complication after SRS was @entity7 , but this occurs in a minority of @entity0 .

title: 142   Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Medically and Surgically Refractory @entity4 : Long-term Rates of Remission and XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 is a challenging clinical entity. Despite improvements in microsurgery and medical therapy, @entity4 persists or recurs in many @entity0 . We evaluate the long-term results of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for acromegalic @entity0 . METHODS: This was a retrospective study of @entity0 treated with SRS at the University of Virginia; the data were collected from 1989 to 2013. A total of 136 @entity0 underwent SRS for @entity4 . Diagnosis of @entity4 was based on the combination of clinical features and biochemical assessment including to serum @entity5 ( @entity5 ) level, and age- and sex-matched serum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) level. All @entity0 underwent a complete endocrine evaluation, neuroimaging study, and ophthalmic examinations before SRS. @entity0 who had an OGTT @entity5 of <1.0 ng/mL or normal @entity3 were considered in remission. @entity7 was defined as a decrease in one or more hormones below normal. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 61.5 months, 65.4% of the @entity0 achieved remission. The mean time to remission was 27.5 months. The actuarial remission rates at 2, 4, 6, and 8 years postradiosurgery were 31.7%, 64.5%, 73.4%, and 82.6%, respectively. Significant prognostic factors (P < .05) for remission included a higher margin radiation dose, higher maximum dose, and lower initial @entity3 level. New @entity8 occurred in 43 @entity0 (31.6%); 2 @entity0 (1.5%) developed @entity8 . Risk factors for new @entity8 were a margin dose >25 Gy and @entity1 volume >2.5 mL. Other complications included an adverse radiation effect in 1 @entity0 , @entity2 in 4, and new @entity6 in 1. CONCLUSION: SRS affords endocrine remission in the majority of acromegalic @entity0 . Delivering a higher radiation dose portends a greater chance of remission. The most common complication after SRS was @entity7 , but this occurs in a minority of @entity0 .

title: 142   Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Medically and Surgically Refractory XXXX : Long-term Rates of Remission and @entity7 .

answer: @entity4