abstract: Although @entity8 and pAKT are reportedly activated in various @entity1 , little information is available about their significance in @entity4 . @entity7 -embedded tissue from 82 @entity0 with diffuse infiltrating @entity4 (grades II to IV) was investigated for the association of @entity8 and pAKT activation with clinicopathological features, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity9 dehydrogenase 1 and microvascular parameters. Nuclear @entity8 @entity6 ( @entity6 ) increased with increasing cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear and cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0019, p   =   0.0260 and p   =   0.0012, respectively). Accordingly, cytoplasmic @entity8 increased with increasing levels of nuclear (p   =   0.0001) and marginally with cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0526). Nuclear and cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear pAKT @entity6 were positively correlated with @entity1 histological grade (p   =   0.0040, p   =   0.0238 for @entity8 and p   =   0.0004 for pAKT, respectively). @entity2 expression was correlated with nuclear @entity8 (p   =   0.0099) and nuclear pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0002). Interestingly, @entity8 cytoplasmic @entity6 increased with microvessel calibre (p   =   0.0287), whereas pAKT nuclear @entity6 was marginally related to microvessel density (p   =   0.0685). The presence of @entity5 - @entity10 was related only to histological grade and lower microvessel calibre. Multivariate survival analysis in the entire cohort selected cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.045), histological grade, microvessel calibre (p   =   0.028), @entity0 ' age, gender and surgical excision as independent predictors of survival. Moreover, in @entity3 , @entity8 nuclear @entity6 emerged as a favourable prognosticator in the presence of @entity5 - @entity10 . @entity8 and pAKT in @entity4 are interrelated and associated with @entity1 grade and angiogenesis. Moreover, the importance of cytoplasmic pAKT immunoexpression in @entity0 ' prognosis and nuclear @entity8 immunoexpression in @entity3 is confirmed.

title: Expression of @entity8 and pAKT in @entity0 @entity4 : correlation with @entity5 - XXXX presence, @entity2 , microvascular characteristics and clinical outcome.

answer: @entity10


abstract: Although @entity8 and pAKT are reportedly activated in various @entity1 , little information is available about their significance in @entity4 . @entity7 -embedded tissue from 82 @entity0 with diffuse infiltrating @entity4 (grades II to IV) was investigated for the association of @entity8 and pAKT activation with clinicopathological features, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity9 dehydrogenase 1 and microvascular parameters. Nuclear @entity8 @entity6 ( @entity6 ) increased with increasing cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear and cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0019, p   =   0.0260 and p   =   0.0012, respectively). Accordingly, cytoplasmic @entity8 increased with increasing levels of nuclear (p   =   0.0001) and marginally with cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0526). Nuclear and cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear pAKT @entity6 were positively correlated with @entity1 histological grade (p   =   0.0040, p   =   0.0238 for @entity8 and p   =   0.0004 for pAKT, respectively). @entity2 expression was correlated with nuclear @entity8 (p   =   0.0099) and nuclear pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0002). Interestingly, @entity8 cytoplasmic @entity6 increased with microvessel calibre (p   =   0.0287), whereas pAKT nuclear @entity6 was marginally related to microvessel density (p   =   0.0685). The presence of @entity5 - @entity10 was related only to histological grade and lower microvessel calibre. Multivariate survival analysis in the entire cohort selected cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.045), histological grade, microvessel calibre (p   =   0.028), @entity0 ' age, gender and surgical excision as independent predictors of survival. Moreover, in @entity3 , @entity8 nuclear @entity6 emerged as a favourable prognosticator in the presence of @entity5 - @entity10 . @entity8 and pAKT in @entity4 are interrelated and associated with @entity1 grade and angiogenesis. Moreover, the importance of cytoplasmic pAKT immunoexpression in @entity0 ' prognosis and nuclear @entity8 immunoexpression in @entity3 is confirmed.

title: Expression of @entity8 and pAKT in XXXX @entity4 : correlation with @entity5 - @entity10 presence, @entity2 , microvascular characteristics and clinical outcome.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A significant number of @entity0 survivors will not recover the use of their affected arm. A proportion will experience @entity1 , stiffness and difficulty with basic care activities. The purpose of the review was to identify predictors of difficulty caring for the profoundly affected arm and establish the incidence and time-course of the related impairments of @entity1 , @entity3 and @entity4 . METHOD: Data sources: Databases (PubMED, MEDLINE, AMED, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register) were searched from inception to December 2013. Additional studies were identified from citation tracking. REVIEW METHODS: Independent reviewers used pre-defined criteria to identify eligible studies. Quality assessment and risk of bias were assessed using the McMasters Assessment Tool. A narrative evidence synthesis was performed. RESULTS: Thirty-nine articles reporting 34 studies were included. No studies formally measured difficulty caring for the arm, but related impairments were common. Incidence of @entity3 in those with @entity2 ranged from 33% to 78%, shoulder @entity1 affected 22% to 90% and @entity4 was present in at least 50%. @entity3 and @entity1 appear within 1   week of @entity0 , and @entity4 within two weeks. Impairments continued to develop over at least 3-6   months. The most frequent predictors of @entity3 and @entity4 were @entity2 and reduced motor control, and the risk of @entity1 is most commonly predicted by reduced sensation, shoulder subluxation, @entity2 and @entity0 severity. DISCUSSION: There is no published evidence on predicting the likelihood of difficulty caring for the arm following @entity0 . However, the related impairments of @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity4 are common. Given the time-course of development, clinicians may need not only to intervene early but also be prepared to act over a longer time period. Further research is needed to examine difficulty caring for the arm and the relationship with associated impairments to enable researchers and clinicians to develop targeted interventions. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Incidence, Time Course and Predictors of Impairments Relating to Caring for the Profoundly Affected arm After XXXX : A Systematic Review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 compared to normal volunteers, to relate them with @entity1 severity, and to relate tractography patterns with postoperative neurologic improvement. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty @entity0 suffering from @entity2 were prospectively enrolled (M:F   =   13:7, mean age, 49.6  years; range 22-67  years) from September 2009 to March 2010. Sensitivity encoding (SENSE) single-shot echo-planar imaging (EPI) was used for the sagittal DTI. Twenty sex- and age-matched normal volunteers underwent the same scanning procedure. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the spinal cord were compared between the @entity0 and normal volunteers and were related to @entity1 severity based on Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores. Tractography patterns were related to @entity1 severity and postoperative improvement. RESULTS: There were significant differences between @entity0 and normal volunteers in terms of FA (0.498        0.114 vs. 0.604        0.057; p   =   0.001) and ADC (1.442        0.389 vs. 1.169        0.098; p   =   0.001). DTI parameters and tractography patterns were not related to @entity1 severity. In ten @entity0 in the neurologically worse group, postoperative neurologic improvement was seen in four of five @entity0 with intact fiber tracts, but only one of five @entity0 with interrupted fiber tracts exhibited neurologic improvement. CONCLUSION: DTI parameters in @entity2 @entity0 were significantly different from those in normal volunteers but were not significantly related to @entity1 severity. The patterns of tractography appear to correlate with postoperative neurologic improvement.

title: Diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography in XXXX : preliminary results.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 complications are often a common pathological consequence of severe soft tissue @entity2 . Recent demonstration that monocytes (M0) produce tissue factor (TF) has led to the suggestion that these TF producing M0 might play a role in @entity4 . We have previously demonstrated that @entity2 @entity0 with splenectomy develop aberrant monocyte function and this @entity0 group is also known to be at high risk of @entity1 episodes. This paper is an initial report on the use of M0 TF as an indicator of and/or correlated to clotting episodes. Monocytes isolated form the Ficoll-Hypaque purified mononuclear cells of 46 normal individuals, 17 @entity2 @entity0 and 6 surgical controls were assayed at 3 day post-injury intervals for their levels of TF activity. Changes in monocyte TF activity were correlated to increases in the fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of 125 I-fibrinogen. @entity2 @entity0 were retrospectively divided into those whose FcR was elevated to a level indicative of @entity4 and those whose FCR levels were not associated with @entity3 . All @entity2 @entity0 who exhibited significantly increased FCR experienced @entity5 episodes and had monocytes whose TF activity was increased an average of 300% (mean = 47 units vs mean = 12 units) over surgical controls. These increase in monocyte TF activity occurred at 6-13 days post injury and preceded clinical manifestation of @entity4 by 4-6 days. The increased monocyte TF activity demonstrated in this study was significantly correlated to detection of pathologically increased FCR (R = 0.850) and compared to other indices of @entity1 .

title: Generation of tissue factor by @entity0 monocytes: correlation to XXXX complications.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 complications are often a common pathological consequence of severe soft tissue @entity2 . Recent demonstration that monocytes (M0) produce tissue factor (TF) has led to the suggestion that these TF producing M0 might play a role in @entity4 . We have previously demonstrated that @entity2 @entity0 with splenectomy develop aberrant monocyte function and this @entity0 group is also known to be at high risk of @entity1 episodes. This paper is an initial report on the use of M0 TF as an indicator of and/or correlated to clotting episodes. Monocytes isolated form the Ficoll-Hypaque purified mononuclear cells of 46 normal individuals, 17 @entity2 @entity0 and 6 surgical controls were assayed at 3 day post-injury intervals for their levels of TF activity. Changes in monocyte TF activity were correlated to increases in the fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of 125 I-fibrinogen. @entity2 @entity0 were retrospectively divided into those whose FcR was elevated to a level indicative of @entity4 and those whose FCR levels were not associated with @entity3 . All @entity2 @entity0 who exhibited significantly increased FCR experienced @entity5 episodes and had monocytes whose TF activity was increased an average of 300% (mean = 47 units vs mean = 12 units) over surgical controls. These increase in monocyte TF activity occurred at 6-13 days post injury and preceded clinical manifestation of @entity4 by 4-6 days. The increased monocyte TF activity demonstrated in this study was significantly correlated to detection of pathologically increased FCR (R = 0.850) and compared to other indices of @entity1 .

title: Generation of tissue factor by XXXX monocytes: correlation to @entity5 complications.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Premature beats can trigger @entity3 in @entity2 , but the mechanisms are not well defined. We studied the effect of premature beats on activation and repolarization dispersion in seven @entity0 with @entity1 (57    10 yr, left ventricular ejection fraction 31    7%). @entity4 ( @entity4 ), activation-recovery interval (ARI), and total repolarization time (TRT) were measured from 26 unipolar electrograms during right ventricle (RV) endocardial (early) to left ventricle epicardial (late) activation in response to RV apical extrastimulation (S1S2). Early TRT dispersion increased significantly with shorter S1S2 (1.0    0.2 to 2.3    0.4 ms/mm, P < 0.0001), with minimal change in late TRT dispersion (0.8    0.1 to 1.0    0.3 ms, P = 0.02). This was associated with an increase in early @entity4 dispersion (1.0    0.1 to 1.5    0.2 ms/mm, P = 0.05) but no change in late @entity4 dispersion (0.6    0.1 to 0.7    0.2 ms/mm, P = 0.4). Early and late ARI dispersion did not change with shorter S1S2. @entity4 restitution slopes were similar between early and late sites, as was slope heterogeneity. ARI restitution slope was greater in early vs. late sites (1.3    0.6 vs. 0.8    0.6, P = 0.03), but slope heterogeneity was similar. With shorter S1S2, @entity4 -ARI slopes became less negative (flattened) at both early (-0.4    0.1 to +0.04    0.2) and late (-1.5    0.2 to +0.3    0.2) sites, implying less activation-repolarization coupling. There was no difference in @entity4 -ARI slopes between early and late sites at short S1S2. In conclusion, high-risk @entity0 with @entity1 have greater TRT dispersion at tightly coupled S1S2 due to greater @entity4 dispersion and activation-repolarization uncoupling. Modulated dispersion is more pronounced at early vs. late activated sites, which may predispose to reentrant @entity3 .

title: Modulated dispersion of activation and repolarization by premature beats in @entity0 with XXXX at risk of sudden death.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Premature beats can trigger @entity3 in @entity2 , but the mechanisms are not well defined. We studied the effect of premature beats on activation and repolarization dispersion in seven @entity0 with @entity1 (57    10 yr, left ventricular ejection fraction 31    7%). @entity4 ( @entity4 ), activation-recovery interval (ARI), and total repolarization time (TRT) were measured from 26 unipolar electrograms during right ventricle (RV) endocardial (early) to left ventricle epicardial (late) activation in response to RV apical extrastimulation (S1S2). Early TRT dispersion increased significantly with shorter S1S2 (1.0    0.2 to 2.3    0.4 ms/mm, P < 0.0001), with minimal change in late TRT dispersion (0.8    0.1 to 1.0    0.3 ms, P = 0.02). This was associated with an increase in early @entity4 dispersion (1.0    0.1 to 1.5    0.2 ms/mm, P = 0.05) but no change in late @entity4 dispersion (0.6    0.1 to 0.7    0.2 ms/mm, P = 0.4). Early and late ARI dispersion did not change with shorter S1S2. @entity4 restitution slopes were similar between early and late sites, as was slope heterogeneity. ARI restitution slope was greater in early vs. late sites (1.3    0.6 vs. 0.8    0.6, P = 0.03), but slope heterogeneity was similar. With shorter S1S2, @entity4 -ARI slopes became less negative (flattened) at both early (-0.4    0.1 to +0.04    0.2) and late (-1.5    0.2 to +0.3    0.2) sites, implying less activation-repolarization coupling. There was no difference in @entity4 -ARI slopes between early and late sites at short S1S2. In conclusion, high-risk @entity0 with @entity1 have greater TRT dispersion at tightly coupled S1S2 due to greater @entity4 dispersion and activation-repolarization uncoupling. Modulated dispersion is more pronounced at early vs. late activated sites, which may predispose to reentrant @entity3 .

title: Modulated dispersion of activation and repolarization by premature beats in XXXX with @entity1 at risk of sudden death.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 23-year-old @entity0 was admitted with a rare case of radiation-induced @entity4 manifesting as 3-month history of unstable gait. He had received 50 Gy of irradiation therapy for a germ cell @entity1 in the right basal ganglia 13 years earlier. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on admission showed a non-enhanced @entity3 in the right cerebellar hemisphere with expansion to the vermis. The histological diagnosis of the stereotaxic biopsy specimen was grade II @entity4 . Two months later, he developed drowsiness, and MR imaging demonstrated that the @entity1 had enlarged and was enhanced after @entity6 injection. The clinical diagnosis was high-grade @entity2 resulting from malignant transformation. The @entity1 had compressed the mesencephalic aqueduct, leading to obstructive @entity5 . Endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed to improve the cerebrospinal fluid circulation. He underwent chemotherapy with @entity7 postoperatively, but died 8 months after the initial diagnosis of @entity4 . The clinical course of radiation-induced @entity4 is not benign. The potential for malignant transformation necessitates careful postoperative follow up for @entity0 with this @entity1 .

title: Radiation-induced XXXX with rapid malignant transformation: case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The records of @entity0 treated for @entity1 from 1974 through 1978 were reviewed. Five percent of this group (69 @entity0 ) had @entity2 due to the @entity3 . Only 36 percent of @entity0 had a correct admitting diagnosis. Esophagogastroscopy proved the most reliable diagnostic tool, with 94 percent of 63 @entity0 studied having the diagnosis of @entity3 confirmed. Initial management was medical in all @entity0 . Twenty-one @entity0 (30 percent) required operative intervention. There was a good correlation between the transfusion requirement and the need for operation. There were two deaths in this series; both were considered preventable. The @entity3 is common. Esophagogastroscopy performed early can result in a diagnostic accuracy rate of greater than 90 percent. Aggressive nonsurgical therapy after early diagnosis should continue to reduce the role of operation in the treatment of this condition. However, if @entity2 continues after initial medical management, or if @entity2 continues after 1,500 ml of blood is required, then surgical therapy should be instituted without delay.

title: XXXX . Review of 69 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluated a @entity5 (TPM) regimen for treating @entity1 in the largest pediatric series, reported to date. METHODS: Fourteen @entity0 received TPM via the nasogastric route. Initially, all @entity0 received TPM as a 5 mg/kg loading dose followed by 5 mg/kg/day in two doses as maintenance. Thereafter, @entity0 were divided into three groups based on the response to TPM therapy and @entity2 cessation time (full responder, partial responder, and nonresponder). Four @entity0 received only thiopental, two received thiopental, and high-dose @entity4 , one received thiopental, high-dose @entity4 , and @entity6 , two received only @entity6 , one received @entity6 , and high-dose @entity4 and four @entity0 were on a high-dose @entity4 infusion. RESULTS: The median time to @entity2 cessation was 5.5 h (range 2-48 h). Nine @entity0 were full responders, three were partial responders, and two were nonresponders At follow-up, six @entity0 were weaned successfully from thiopental, two @entity0 from high-dose @entity4 and three @entity0 from @entity6 . Three @entity0 developed mild @entity3 during TPM theraphy. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the @entity0 responded to this treatment which was well tolerated. So we recommended its use for terminating @entity1 in @entity0 .

title: Treatment of pediatric XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We evaluated a @entity5 (TPM) regimen for treating @entity1 in the largest pediatric series, reported to date. METHODS: Fourteen @entity0 received TPM via the nasogastric route. Initially, all @entity0 received TPM as a 5 mg/kg loading dose followed by 5 mg/kg/day in two doses as maintenance. Thereafter, @entity0 were divided into three groups based on the response to TPM therapy and @entity2 cessation time (full responder, partial responder, and nonresponder). Four @entity0 received only thiopental, two received thiopental, and high-dose @entity4 , one received thiopental, high-dose @entity4 , and @entity6 , two received only @entity6 , one received @entity6 , and high-dose @entity4 and four @entity0 were on a high-dose @entity4 infusion. RESULTS: The median time to @entity2 cessation was 5.5 h (range 2-48 h). Nine @entity0 were full responders, three were partial responders, and two were nonresponders At follow-up, six @entity0 were weaned successfully from thiopental, two @entity0 from high-dose @entity4 and three @entity0 from @entity6 . Three @entity0 developed mild @entity3 during TPM theraphy. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the @entity0 responded to this treatment which was well tolerated. So we recommended its use for terminating @entity1 in @entity0 .

title: Treatment of pediatric @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Due to its character as a remitting @entity2 , @entity0 suffering from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) often undergo several imaging studies subjecting the mostly young @entity0 to ionizing. Contrast enhanced ultrasound for capillary microvascular assessment might be a new diagnostic tool for identifying the activity of @entity2 by ultrasound techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 45 @entity0 with proven @entity1 performing contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and laboratory assessment including @entity3 ( @entity3 ), leucocytes and hematocrit as well as calculating the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI). Thereafter, we applied the quantification software Qontrast(  ) to obtain contrast-enhanced sonographic perfusion maps. RESULTS: Analysis of the 41 finally included @entity0 revealed a correlation of @entity3 to HBI and TTP[s], respectively. Moreover, an association was found for HBI and TTP[s] and for HBI and TTP[s]/Peak [%]. Analysis of 34 @entity0 with a Peak [%] >=  25 showed a close association of HBI and @entity3 . Besides, in these @entity0 @entity3 correlated to TTP[s] and to TTP[s]/Peak [%]. We found a strong negative correlation between HBI and TTP[s] (r = -0.645, p<0.01), thus, the higher the clinical activity the shorter the time-to-peak. CONCLUSION: Quantitative evaluation with CEUS, particularly the calculation of TTP[s] in @entity0 with a Peak [%] >=  25, provides a simple method to assess the inflammatory activity in @entity1 .

title: Comparison between a clinical activity index (Harvey-Bradshaw-Index), laboratory @entity2 markers and quantitative assessment of bowel wall vascularization by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Due to its character as a remitting @entity2 , @entity0 suffering from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) often undergo several imaging studies subjecting the mostly young @entity0 to ionizing. Contrast enhanced ultrasound for capillary microvascular assessment might be a new diagnostic tool for identifying the activity of @entity2 by ultrasound techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 45 @entity0 with proven @entity1 performing contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and laboratory assessment including @entity3 ( @entity3 ), leucocytes and hematocrit as well as calculating the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI). Thereafter, we applied the quantification software Qontrast(  ) to obtain contrast-enhanced sonographic perfusion maps. RESULTS: Analysis of the 41 finally included @entity0 revealed a correlation of @entity3 to HBI and TTP[s], respectively. Moreover, an association was found for HBI and TTP[s] and for HBI and TTP[s]/Peak [%]. Analysis of 34 @entity0 with a Peak [%] >=  25 showed a close association of HBI and @entity3 . Besides, in these @entity0 @entity3 correlated to TTP[s] and to TTP[s]/Peak [%]. We found a strong negative correlation between HBI and TTP[s] (r = -0.645, p<0.01), thus, the higher the clinical activity the shorter the time-to-peak. CONCLUSION: Quantitative evaluation with CEUS, particularly the calculation of TTP[s] in @entity0 with a Peak [%] >=  25, provides a simple method to assess the inflammatory activity in @entity1 .

title: Comparison between a clinical activity index (Harvey-Bradshaw-Index), laboratory XXXX markers and quantitative assessment of bowel wall vascularization by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is clinically characterized by multiple pigmented papules and plaques that occur mainly on the trunk and many plasma cells in the lesional skin. Most of the cases reported have occurred in Japan. Whether @entity3 is a unique reactive disease or a neoplastic condition has not been established. METHODS: We collected 12 cases fulfilling the criteria for a diagnosis of @entity3 at our institution from 2001 to 2013. We analyzed clinicopathologic features and performed immunohistochemical and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement studies. RESULTS: All 12 @entity0 presented with characteristic cutaneous lesions mainly on the trunk and proximal extremities. Many plasma cells were observed in the lesional skin, and the basal layer was hyperpigmented. Four @entity0 had numerous plasma cells in lymph nodes, and one @entity0 also had increased plasma cells in bone marrow. One @entity0 fulfilled the criteria for immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related @entity2 . Elevated serum IgG and IgG4 concentrations were found in seven patients. Monoclonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements were detected in four @entity0 . The median duration of follow-up was four years. One @entity0 was lost from follow-up. Partial remission of the cutaneous lesions was observed in five @entity0 , and progressive disease was noted in five @entity0 . One @entity0 died of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the so-called " @entity3 " has heterogeneous underlying causes with or without systemic involvement and may be associated with clonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangements and IgG4-related @entity2 . No effective treatment is available for this condition.

title: XXXX : a clinicopathologic study of 12 cases in Taiwan revealing heterogeneous underlying causes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Computed tomography (CT) scanning is part of the routine diagnostic work up of @entity0 with suspected @entity1 but has a wide variation in the reported sensitivity and specificity. This review was to appraise the recent literature on the utility of CT scanning. RECENT FINDINGS: When investigating @entity0 for suspected @entity1 , the sensitivity of a malignant CT report may be higher than previously reported (68%), but the specificity seems significantly lower (78%). The predictive value of CT scanning (on all @entity0 with @entity3 ) may be increased using a CT scoring system. Recent meta-analyses of the utility of PET give differing opinions on the value of this imaging modality. Further work needs to be done to define its place in the diagnostic pathway. SUMMARY: CT scoring systems may allow further risk stratification. However, a low negative predictive value of a 'negative' CT scan could lead to false reassurance and missed @entity1 . PET/CT does not currently appear to add additional diagnostic value. @entity4 should be considered in all @entity0 being investigated for clinically suspected malignant @entity2 . Respiratory physicians should be mindful of rare or unusual presentations.

title: The role of computed tomography in assessing XXXX prior to thoracoscopy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Autologous SMG fragments were implanted in tongues of male @entity0 which were sacrificed 15-20 min, 24 hr, 72 hr, 1 week, or 8 weeks after implantation. The tongues were excised, fixed, and processed for light and electron microscopy. In addition, some @entity0 were injected with @entity2 1 hr before sacrifice and the labeling indices (L.I.) of the salivary epithelial and interstitial cells were calculated. Twenty-four hours after implantation, SMG autografts showed @entity3 with some acini and ducts surviving at the periphery of the lobules. There was marked infiltration of the autografts with neutrophils and macrophages. Also the basal laminae surrounding the necrotic acini and ducts remained intact. The morphology of the autografts after 72 hr was similar to that after 24 hr except that there was additional @entity1 and acini and ducts could no longer be identified in the autografts. By 1 week after implantation, the autografts showed lobular morphogenesis, ductal branching, and revascularization. At this time, the regenerating salivary epithelium appeared undifferentiated with no evidence of secretory granules. The L.I. of interstitial and ductlike structures showed significant increases over control values at 1 week after implantation, and then declined toward control levels by 3 weeks after implantation. By 8 weeks after implantation, there was evidence of acinar and striated ductal cytodifferentiation in two autografts. The results emphasize the potential of SMG autografts to regenerate subsequent to severe tissue @entity1 .

title: Regeneration of submandibular salivary gland autografted in the XXXX tongue.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To investigate alterations of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Medical research ethics committee approval from Jinling hospital and written informed consent from each subject were obtained. Forty six @entity0 with @entity3 , consisting of 21 @entity0 minimal @entity6 (MNE) and 25 non-nephro- @entity2 (non-NE), as well as 23 healthy controls underwent rs-fMRI. Neuropsychological tests were performed in all subjects, while laboratory tests were performed in @entity3 @entity0 . A voxel-wise whole brain functional connectivity analysis was used to generate long- and short-range @entity7 maps. The maps among MNE, non-NE, and healthy controls groups were compared by using one-way analysis of variance tests. A multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations between @entity7 and the variables of neuropsychological or laboratory tests. Compared with healthy controls, non-NE showed decreased long-range @entity7 mainly in parietal lobe. Moreover, MNE showed further decreased long-range @entity7 in bilateral middle prefrontal cortex (MPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and right superior frontal gyrus. Meanwhile, non-NE showed decreased short-range @entity7 mainly in frontal cortex, and further reduction in bilateral ACC and right superior parietal gyrus in MNE. In addition, @entity0 with @entity3 mainly exhibited increased long-range @entity7 in left temporal lobe and caudate; and increased short-range @entity7 in bilateral orbitofrontal cortex and temporal gyri (P  <  0.05, AlphaSim corrected). The number connection test type A score, serum @entity4 , @entity5 , and dialysis duration showed negative correlation with @entity7 in some brain regions, while the digital symbol test scores positively correlated with short-range @entity7 in left inferior parietal lobule (all P  <  0.05, AlphaSim corrected). The prominent long- and short-range @entity7 reduction was found mainly in default mode network (DMN) and bilateral frontal and parietal lobes, while the progressively decreased long- and short-range @entity7 in ACC/MPFC and the long-range @entity7 in left superior frontal gyrus from non-NE to MNE was associated with @entity1 in @entity3 @entity0 .

title: Altered long- and short-range functional connectivity in the @entity0 with XXXX : a resting-state functional MRI study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To investigate alterations of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Medical research ethics committee approval from Jinling hospital and written informed consent from each subject were obtained. Forty six @entity0 with @entity3 , consisting of 21 @entity0 minimal @entity6 (MNE) and 25 non-nephro- @entity2 (non-NE), as well as 23 healthy controls underwent rs-fMRI. Neuropsychological tests were performed in all subjects, while laboratory tests were performed in @entity3 @entity0 . A voxel-wise whole brain functional connectivity analysis was used to generate long- and short-range @entity7 maps. The maps among MNE, non-NE, and healthy controls groups were compared by using one-way analysis of variance tests. A multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations between @entity7 and the variables of neuropsychological or laboratory tests. Compared with healthy controls, non-NE showed decreased long-range @entity7 mainly in parietal lobe. Moreover, MNE showed further decreased long-range @entity7 in bilateral middle prefrontal cortex (MPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and right superior frontal gyrus. Meanwhile, non-NE showed decreased short-range @entity7 mainly in frontal cortex, and further reduction in bilateral ACC and right superior parietal gyrus in MNE. In addition, @entity0 with @entity3 mainly exhibited increased long-range @entity7 in left temporal lobe and caudate; and increased short-range @entity7 in bilateral orbitofrontal cortex and temporal gyri (P  <  0.05, AlphaSim corrected). The number connection test type A score, serum @entity4 , @entity5 , and dialysis duration showed negative correlation with @entity7 in some brain regions, while the digital symbol test scores positively correlated with short-range @entity7 in left inferior parietal lobule (all P  <  0.05, AlphaSim corrected). The prominent long- and short-range @entity7 reduction was found mainly in default mode network (DMN) and bilateral frontal and parietal lobes, while the progressively decreased long- and short-range @entity7 in ACC/MPFC and the long-range @entity7 in left superior frontal gyrus from non-NE to MNE was associated with @entity1 in @entity3 @entity0 .

title: Altered long- and short-range functional connectivity in the XXXX with @entity3 : a resting-state functional MRI study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Previous studies indicated that sensorimotor integration and plasticity of the sensorimotor system are impaired in @entity1 @entity0 . We investigated motor evoked potential amplitudes and short latency afferent inhibition to examine corticospinal excitability and cortical sensorimotor integration, before and after inhibitory 1  Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over primary sensory and primary motor cortex in @entity0 with cervical @entity1 (n  =  12). Motor evoked potentials were recorded from the right first dorsal interosseous muscle after application of unconditioned transcranial magnetic test stimuli and after previous conditioning electrical stimulation of the right index finger at short interstimulus intervals of 25, 30 and 40  ms. Results were compared to a group of healthy age-matched controls. At baseline, motor evoked potential amplitudes did not differ between groups. Short latency afferent inhibition was reduced in cervical @entity1 @entity0 compared to healthy controls. Inhibitory 1  Hz sensory cortex repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation but not motor cortex repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation increased motor evoked potential amplitudes in cervical @entity1 @entity0 . Additionally, both 1  Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over primary sensory and primary motor cortex normalized short latency afferent inhibition in these @entity0 . In healthy subjects, sensory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation had no influence on motor evoked potential amplitudes and short latency afferent inhibition. Plasticity of sensorimotor circuits is altered in cervical @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Normalization of sensorimotor integration by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in cervical XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness and safety of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity2 regimens and to identify factors related to remission with a target maintenance dose of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study conducted in an @entity3 unit. @entity0 received  <= 30 mg ( @entity7 group) or >30 mg ( @entity6 group) of daily @entity2 as monotherapy or combined with @entity5 pulses and/or @entity4 , at the discretion of the physician. The primary endpoint was time to clinical and biological remission receiving a @entity2 maintenance dose  <= 7.5 mg/day. Factors related to the primary endpoint were identified by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 103 @entity0 ( @entity7 =53, @entity6 =50) were followed for a median (95%CI) of 2.85 (2.57-3.52) years. Both groups exhibited similar baseline features except for ocular ischaemic manifestations ( @entity7 =21%, @entity6 =48%, p=0.004). @entity0 in the @entity7 group had a shorter time to the primary endpoint ( @entity7 =186 [147-223], @entity6 =236 [177-276] days, HR=1.70 [1.12-2.57], p=0.01) with no increase in relapses ( @entity7 =39%, @entity6 =50%, p=0.29) or @entity1 ( @entity7 =11%, @entity6 =16%, p=0.49). Cumulative @entity2 doses at 6 months were 2.47    0.70 g for @entity7 @entity0 and 3.86    1.85 g for @entity6 @entity0 (p<0.001). Adverse effects were more frequent among @entity6 recipients ( @entity7 =43%, @entity6 =66%, p=0.02). The only independent factor associated with the primary endpoint was the use of @entity5 pulses (HR=2.21 [1.31-3.71], p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 @entity2 regimen may be an effective and safe alternative to @entity6 @entity2 regimen in @entity1 . Induction with @entity5 pulses predicts a better response, allowing for a less intensive @entity2 regimen.

title: Effectiveness and safety of @entity7 @entity2 in XXXX : a retrospective cohort study of 103 @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness and safety of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity2 regimens and to identify factors related to remission with a target maintenance dose of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study conducted in an @entity3 unit. @entity0 received  <= 30 mg ( @entity7 group) or >30 mg ( @entity6 group) of daily @entity2 as monotherapy or combined with @entity5 pulses and/or @entity4 , at the discretion of the physician. The primary endpoint was time to clinical and biological remission receiving a @entity2 maintenance dose  <= 7.5 mg/day. Factors related to the primary endpoint were identified by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 103 @entity0 ( @entity7 =53, @entity6 =50) were followed for a median (95%CI) of 2.85 (2.57-3.52) years. Both groups exhibited similar baseline features except for ocular ischaemic manifestations ( @entity7 =21%, @entity6 =48%, p=0.004). @entity0 in the @entity7 group had a shorter time to the primary endpoint ( @entity7 =186 [147-223], @entity6 =236 [177-276] days, HR=1.70 [1.12-2.57], p=0.01) with no increase in relapses ( @entity7 =39%, @entity6 =50%, p=0.29) or @entity1 ( @entity7 =11%, @entity6 =16%, p=0.49). Cumulative @entity2 doses at 6 months were 2.47    0.70 g for @entity7 @entity0 and 3.86    1.85 g for @entity6 @entity0 (p<0.001). Adverse effects were more frequent among @entity6 recipients ( @entity7 =43%, @entity6 =66%, p=0.02). The only independent factor associated with the primary endpoint was the use of @entity5 pulses (HR=2.21 [1.31-3.71], p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 @entity2 regimen may be an effective and safe alternative to @entity6 @entity2 regimen in @entity1 . Induction with @entity5 pulses predicts a better response, allowing for a less intensive @entity2 regimen.

title: Effectiveness and safety of @entity7 XXXX in @entity1 : a retrospective cohort study of 103 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness and safety of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity2 regimens and to identify factors related to remission with a target maintenance dose of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study conducted in an @entity3 unit. @entity0 received  <= 30 mg ( @entity7 group) or >30 mg ( @entity6 group) of daily @entity2 as monotherapy or combined with @entity5 pulses and/or @entity4 , at the discretion of the physician. The primary endpoint was time to clinical and biological remission receiving a @entity2 maintenance dose  <= 7.5 mg/day. Factors related to the primary endpoint were identified by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 103 @entity0 ( @entity7 =53, @entity6 =50) were followed for a median (95%CI) of 2.85 (2.57-3.52) years. Both groups exhibited similar baseline features except for ocular ischaemic manifestations ( @entity7 =21%, @entity6 =48%, p=0.004). @entity0 in the @entity7 group had a shorter time to the primary endpoint ( @entity7 =186 [147-223], @entity6 =236 [177-276] days, HR=1.70 [1.12-2.57], p=0.01) with no increase in relapses ( @entity7 =39%, @entity6 =50%, p=0.29) or @entity1 ( @entity7 =11%, @entity6 =16%, p=0.49). Cumulative @entity2 doses at 6 months were 2.47    0.70 g for @entity7 @entity0 and 3.86    1.85 g for @entity6 @entity0 (p<0.001). Adverse effects were more frequent among @entity6 recipients ( @entity7 =43%, @entity6 =66%, p=0.02). The only independent factor associated with the primary endpoint was the use of @entity5 pulses (HR=2.21 [1.31-3.71], p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 @entity2 regimen may be an effective and safe alternative to @entity6 @entity2 regimen in @entity1 . Induction with @entity5 pulses predicts a better response, allowing for a less intensive @entity2 regimen.

title: Effectiveness and safety of XXXX @entity2 in @entity1 : a retrospective cohort study of 103 @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness and safety of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity2 regimens and to identify factors related to remission with a target maintenance dose of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Retrospective cohort study conducted in an @entity3 unit. @entity0 received  <= 30 mg ( @entity7 group) or >30 mg ( @entity6 group) of daily @entity2 as monotherapy or combined with @entity5 pulses and/or @entity4 , at the discretion of the physician. The primary endpoint was time to clinical and biological remission receiving a @entity2 maintenance dose  <= 7.5 mg/day. Factors related to the primary endpoint were identified by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 103 @entity0 ( @entity7 =53, @entity6 =50) were followed for a median (95%CI) of 2.85 (2.57-3.52) years. Both groups exhibited similar baseline features except for ocular ischaemic manifestations ( @entity7 =21%, @entity6 =48%, p=0.004). @entity0 in the @entity7 group had a shorter time to the primary endpoint ( @entity7 =186 [147-223], @entity6 =236 [177-276] days, HR=1.70 [1.12-2.57], p=0.01) with no increase in relapses ( @entity7 =39%, @entity6 =50%, p=0.29) or @entity1 ( @entity7 =11%, @entity6 =16%, p=0.49). Cumulative @entity2 doses at 6 months were 2.47    0.70 g for @entity7 @entity0 and 3.86    1.85 g for @entity6 @entity0 (p<0.001). Adverse effects were more frequent among @entity6 recipients ( @entity7 =43%, @entity6 =66%, p=0.02). The only independent factor associated with the primary endpoint was the use of @entity5 pulses (HR=2.21 [1.31-3.71], p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 @entity2 regimen may be an effective and safe alternative to @entity6 @entity2 regimen in @entity1 . Induction with @entity5 pulses predicts a better response, allowing for a less intensive @entity2 regimen.

title: Effectiveness and safety of @entity7 @entity2 in @entity1 : a retrospective cohort study of 103 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical-biological phenotype of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) according to @entity1 consumption. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive study to describe that phenotype at diagnosis according to @entity1 use. @entity6 @entity0 entered in the @entity2 Study Group database with data on smoking habits were analysed. The clinical-biological phenotypes at diagnosis were compared according to current @entity1 use (current smokers) or not (including previous and never smokers). RESULTS: @entity6 diagnoses were: @entity3 with @entity3 (GPA) for 583 (50%), eosinophilic @entity3 with @entity3 (EGPA) for 326 (28%) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) for 256 (22%). Among them, 973 @entity0 (84%) never smoked, 116 (10%) were previous smokers and only 76 (6%) were current smokers. Current smokers were younger age (p=0.01), male gender (p=0.004), less frequently EGPA (p=0.017) and @entity5 (p=0.036), and had less frequent kidney involvement (p=0.10). Among GPA @entity0 , current smokers, compared to non-current smokers, were younger age (p=0.02), male gender (p=0.08), more frequent skin involvement (p=0.03) and less frequent ENT involvement (p=0.06). Among EGPA @entity0 , current smokers, compared to non-current smokers, were also younger (p=0.028) and had less frequent constitutional symptoms (p=0.02), @entity4 (p=0.04), renal involvement (p=0.025) and MPO-ANCA (p=0.02). Finally, analysis of @entity5 @entity0 was impossible because only 6 (2%) were current smokers. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity1 use could differentially affect GPA and EGPA clinical-biological phenotypes, and support the role of environmental exposures in @entity6 development and its phenotype.

title: @entity1 differentially affects the clinical-biological phenotypes of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical-biological phenotype of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) according to @entity1 consumption. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive study to describe that phenotype at diagnosis according to @entity1 use. @entity6 @entity0 entered in the @entity2 Study Group database with data on smoking habits were analysed. The clinical-biological phenotypes at diagnosis were compared according to current @entity1 use (current smokers) or not (including previous and never smokers). RESULTS: @entity6 diagnoses were: @entity3 with @entity3 (GPA) for 583 (50%), eosinophilic @entity3 with @entity3 (EGPA) for 326 (28%) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) for 256 (22%). Among them, 973 @entity0 (84%) never smoked, 116 (10%) were previous smokers and only 76 (6%) were current smokers. Current smokers were younger age (p=0.01), male gender (p=0.004), less frequently EGPA (p=0.017) and @entity5 (p=0.036), and had less frequent kidney involvement (p=0.10). Among GPA @entity0 , current smokers, compared to non-current smokers, were younger age (p=0.02), male gender (p=0.08), more frequent skin involvement (p=0.03) and less frequent ENT involvement (p=0.06). Among EGPA @entity0 , current smokers, compared to non-current smokers, were also younger (p=0.028) and had less frequent constitutional symptoms (p=0.02), @entity4 (p=0.04), renal involvement (p=0.025) and MPO-ANCA (p=0.02). Finally, analysis of @entity5 @entity0 was impossible because only 6 (2%) were current smokers. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity1 use could differentially affect GPA and EGPA clinical-biological phenotypes, and support the role of environmental exposures in @entity6 development and its phenotype.

title: XXXX differentially affects the clinical-biological phenotypes of @entity6 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Butter is rich in saturated fat [ @entity8 ( @entity12 )] and can increase plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity2 , which is a major risk factor for @entity1 . However, compared with other dairy foods, butter is low in milk fat globule membrane ( @entity13 ) content, which encloses the fat. We hypothesized that different dairy foods may have distinct effects on plasma lipids because of a varying content of @entity13 . OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate whether the effects of milk fat on plasma lipids and cardiometabolic risk markers are modulated by the @entity13 content. DESIGN: The study was an 8-wk, single-blind, randomized, controlled isocaloric trial with 2 parallel groups including overweight @entity0 and @entity0 (n = 57 randomly assigned). For the intervention, subjects consumed 40 g milk fat/d as either whipping cream ( @entity13 diet) or butter oil (control diet). Intervention foods were matched for total fat, protein, @entity9 , and @entity4 . Subjects were discouraged from consuming any other dairy products during the study. Plasma markers of @entity2 absorption and hepatic @entity2 metabolism were assessed together with global gene-expression analyses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS: As expected, the control diet increased plasma lipids, whereas the @entity13 diet did not [total @entity2 (  SD): +0.30    0.49 compared with -0.04    0.49 mmol/L, respectively (P = 0.024); LDL @entity2 : +0.36    0.50 compared with +0.04    0.36 mmol/L, respectively (P = 0.024); @entity5 : @entity7 ratio: +0.03    0.09 compared with -0.05    0.10 mmol/L, respectively (P = 0.007); and non-HDL @entity2 : +0.24    0.49 compared with -0.14    0.51 mmol/L, respectively (P = 0.013)]. HDL- @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity10 , @entity14 , @entity11 , and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 plasma concentrations and @entity6 compositions did not differ between groups. Nineteen genes were differentially regulated between groups, and these genes were mostly correlated with lipid changes. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to milk fat without @entity13 , milk fat enclosed by @entity13 does not impair the lipoprotein profile. The mechanism is not clear although suppressed gene expression by @entity13 correlated inversely with plasma lipids. The food matrix should be considered when evaluating cardiovascular aspects of different dairy foods. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01767077.

title: Potential role of milk fat globule membrane in modulating plasma lipoproteins, gene expression, and XXXX metabolism in @entity0 : a randomized study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Butter is rich in saturated fat [ @entity8 ( @entity12 )] and can increase plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity2 , which is a major risk factor for @entity1 . However, compared with other dairy foods, butter is low in milk fat globule membrane ( @entity13 ) content, which encloses the fat. We hypothesized that different dairy foods may have distinct effects on plasma lipids because of a varying content of @entity13 . OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate whether the effects of milk fat on plasma lipids and cardiometabolic risk markers are modulated by the @entity13 content. DESIGN: The study was an 8-wk, single-blind, randomized, controlled isocaloric trial with 2 parallel groups including overweight @entity0 and @entity0 (n = 57 randomly assigned). For the intervention, subjects consumed 40 g milk fat/d as either whipping cream ( @entity13 diet) or butter oil (control diet). Intervention foods were matched for total fat, protein, @entity9 , and @entity4 . Subjects were discouraged from consuming any other dairy products during the study. Plasma markers of @entity2 absorption and hepatic @entity2 metabolism were assessed together with global gene-expression analyses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS: As expected, the control diet increased plasma lipids, whereas the @entity13 diet did not [total @entity2 (  SD): +0.30    0.49 compared with -0.04    0.49 mmol/L, respectively (P = 0.024); LDL @entity2 : +0.36    0.50 compared with +0.04    0.36 mmol/L, respectively (P = 0.024); @entity5 : @entity7 ratio: +0.03    0.09 compared with -0.05    0.10 mmol/L, respectively (P = 0.007); and non-HDL @entity2 : +0.24    0.49 compared with -0.14    0.51 mmol/L, respectively (P = 0.013)]. HDL- @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity10 , @entity14 , @entity11 , and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 plasma concentrations and @entity6 compositions did not differ between groups. Nineteen genes were differentially regulated between groups, and these genes were mostly correlated with lipid changes. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to milk fat without @entity13 , milk fat enclosed by @entity13 does not impair the lipoprotein profile. The mechanism is not clear although suppressed gene expression by @entity13 correlated inversely with plasma lipids. The food matrix should be considered when evaluating cardiovascular aspects of different dairy foods. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01767077.

title: Potential role of milk fat globule membrane in modulating plasma lipoproteins, gene expression, and @entity2 metabolism in XXXX : a randomized study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is a rare autoinflammatory neutrophilic @entity6 , often developing after a @entity7 . In the literature there are several reports of post-surgical @entity8 (PSPG) of the breast. The authors of this article experienced an impressive case of PSPG after an aesthetic breast augmentation mastopexy. PSPG is a rare but severe complication in this elective aesthetic surgical procedure. METHOD: A systematic review of the literature was performed, focusing on PSPG after aesthetic breast surgery (augmentation mammoplasty/mastopexy). The online databases Pubmed, Medline, and Cochrane were used and additionally a Google   search was conducted. We compared the data obtained from a systematic literature review to an index case of PSPG after esthetic augmentation mammoplasty. RESULTS: The literature search identified seven articles describing eight cases of PSPG after aesthetic breast surgery. In four of these cases augmentation mammoplasty had been carried out, in two cases mastopexy and in two cases augmentation mammoplasty and mastopexy (augmentation mastopexy). The @entity0 we treated and describe in this paper underwent an augmentation mastopexy outside our clinic. Eight @entity0 suffered from @entity1 , at the site of surgical wounds, one @entity0 had disseminated disease. @entity5 was present in five cases (out of nine). Eight @entity0 had received @entity2 treatment, one @entity0 refused such treatment. The duration of @entity2 treatment was on average for 41 days (range 21-60 days). In all cases, the areola had been spared. Complete healing of PSPG was observed on average after 5 months (range 1.5 months-1 year). DISCUSSION: PSPG of the breast after aesthetic breast surgery is rare, but every plastic surgeon should consider this possibility, especially if @entity3 develops post-surgery, mimicking wound @entity4 that does not respond to broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. CONCLUSION: Although the literature does not recommend this step, implant removal is recommended by the authors because bacterial wound @entity4 normally cannot be ruled out definitely in the early stages of disease. Additional surgical intervention should be limited to the absolute necessary and performed only under adequate systemic immunosuppressive therapy.

title: Aesthetic Breast Augmentation Mastopexy Followed by Post-surgical XXXX (PSPG): Clinic, Treatment, and Review of the Literature.

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity2 levels were determined by a rapid chromatographic column test in 15 healthy subjects (HS) and in 15 maturity-onset @entity0 (MOD), fasting and 2 h after @entity1 ingestion (100 g for HS, 50 g for MOD). Chromatography was carried out both before and after 6 h of red cell incubation in saline at 37 degrees C. @entity2 in HS at 0 and 120 min of OGTT was not significantly different, either before (6.24 +/- 0.61% and 6.22 +/- 0.62%) or after red cell incubation in saline (5.85 +/- 0.61% and 5.87 +/- 0.55%). Red cell incubation in saline significantly reduced @entity2 levels both at 0 and 120 min (2p less than 0.001). @entity2 in MOD before red cell incubation in saline, was slightly but significantly higher at 120 min (8.61 +/- 1.03%) than at 0 min (8.39 +/- 1.01%): 2p less than 0.001. After incubation in saline, this difference was cancelled (7.86 +/- 0.85% at 0 min and 7.97 +/- 0.83% at 120 min: n.s.). Post-incubation levels were lower than pre-incubation ones both at 0 and 120 min (2p less than 0.001). The @entity2 increment observed in MOD is significantly correlated (p less than 0.01; r=0.64) to the blood @entity1 increment observed at the glycemic peak. We conclude that hemoglobin glycosylation may show rapid changes also in MOD, reflecting blood @entity1 changes, whereas in HS the physiological glycemic excursions are not wide enough to produce rapid @entity2 changes. Since labile and stable @entity2 co-elute in the rapid chromatographic methods, red cell incubation in saline for 6 h at 37 degrees C is recommended as a simple procedure which allows the measurement of the stable fraction alone, i.e. the real index of long-term glycemic control, independent of rapid glycemic fluctuations.

title: Labile and stable glycosylated hemoglobin during OGTT in healthy subjects and maturity-onset XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic drainage (EUS-PD) has been reported as an alternative to surgery, when transpapillary access to the main pancreatic duct (MPD) is impossible. The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of the procedure and long-term clinical outcome in @entity0 treated with EUS-PD. @entity0 AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed our single-center experience over a 10-year period. RESULTS: EUS-PD was attempted in 20 @entity0 (24 interventions), with a median age of 64 years (range 36 - 78). Indications for the procedure were post-Whipple symptomatic anastomotic stricture (n = 10) and chronic @entity3 (n = 10). EUS-PD was performed by a transgastric (n = 16) or transbulbar (n = 3) route or with a rendezvous technique (n = 5). Wirsungography was performed in all interventions and successful drainage was achieved in 18 / 20 (90 %) @entity0 . There were two minor procedure-related complications: bleeding that was treated endoscopically, and a perigastric collection that resolved spontaneously. Median follow up was 37 months (range 3 - 120 months), stent dysfunction occurred in 9 / 18 (50 %) @entity0 . Out of 18 @entity0 with successful EUS-PD, long-term @entity2 resolution was observed in 13 (72 %). At the last follow-up visit, there were significant decreases in @entity2 scores, from 7.5 to 1.6, and in MPD size from 8.1 mm to 3.9 mm. Failure was associated with @entity1 presence or recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Technical success rate of EUS-PD and clinical long-term @entity2 resolution were 90 % and 72 %, respectively. EUS-PD is a reliable procedure with a low complication rate. It might therefore replace surgery at expert centers.

title: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided transluminal drainage of XXXX : long-term outcome.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity3 of @entity11 (PA) towards a @entity0 T-lymphocyte cell line (Jurkat) has been previously investigated but the mechanism(s) of PA action were unknown. In the current study, Jurkat cells were treated with sub-lethal concentrations of PA (50-150  M) and the activity of various signaling proteins was investigated. PA-induced apoptosis and @entity8 in a dose-dependent manner as evaluated by DNA fragmentation assay and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, respectively. PA treatment provoked release of @entity10 from the inner mitochondrial membrane to the cytosol, activated members of the MAPK protein family JNK, @entity6 , @entity9 , activated caspases 3/9, and increased oxidative/nitrosative stress. Exposure of cells to PA for 12 h increased @entity12 ( @entity12 ) and @entity7 levels in the plasma membrane. Insulin treatment (10 mU/ml/30 min) increased the phosphorylation of the IR b-subunit and Akt. A correlation was found between DNA fragmentation and expression levels of both @entity12 and @entity7 . Similar results were obtained for PA-treated lymphocytes from healthy @entity0 donors and from mesenteric lymph nodes of 48-h starved @entity2 . PA stimulated @entity5 uptake by Jurkat cells (in the absence of insulin), stimulated accumulation of neutral lipids ( @entity4 ), and other lipid classes (phospholipids and @entity13 ) but reduced @entity5 oxidation. Our results suggest that parameters of insulin signaling and non-oxidative @entity5 metabolism are stimulated as part of a coordinated response to prompt survival in lymphocytes exposed to PA but at higher concentrations, apoptosis prevails. These findings may explain aspects of lymphocyte dysfunction associated with @entity1 .

title: Activation of survival and apoptotic signaling pathways in lymphocytes exposed to XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: @entity1 can be the leading symptom of @entity5 , however, not all @entity1 are due to @entity7 and these forms can be a clinical problem, especially for treatment. Aim of this study was to review @entity0 with persistent @entity1 in whom a detailed head and spinal MRI follow-up did not reveal any sign of @entity5 and to evaluate which treatment can be considered the first choice. @entity0 admitted to our @entity1 center for evaluation of persistent @entity1 and followed after first admission with clinical and neuroradiological controls were systematically reviewed. 11 @entity0 (7 M, 4 F) followed in a period lasted from 10 months up to 2 years were studied. Six @entity0 (54, 5 %) reported a MRI performed previously elsewhere with a suspect diagnosis of @entity5 which was not confirmed at MRI at our hospital such as during the radiological follow-up. Three @entity0 (27.2 %) had developed @entity1 short after a neck or @entity4 with no evidence of neuroradiological pathological signs and two @entity0 (18 %) had a previous history of @entity2 . We administrated antidepressants in five @entity0 , atypical neuroleptic in three @entity0 , association of antidepressant and antipsychotic in one @entity0 and muscle relaxants in two cases. All @entity0 showed a certain improvement of @entity1 in the weeks after introduction of the pharmacological treatment; six (54, 5 %) had @entity3 relief during the follow-up and five (45, 5 %) were @entity3 free at the last clinical control. We found out that @entity0 with the best outcome were the ones treated with antidepressants. Persistent @entity1 without any neuroradiological sign of @entity5 is a challenging problem for clinicians. Although the International Classification of @entity6 (ICHD-3 beta version) criteria suggests the possibility of epidural blood patch in @entity1 without causes, we believe that a pharmacological treatment tailored on each @entity0 should be always considered and antidepressants can be the first choice.

title: Persistent XXXX without @entity5 : which treatment?

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 can be the leading symptom of @entity5 , however, not all @entity1 are due to @entity7 and these forms can be a clinical problem, especially for treatment. Aim of this study was to review @entity0 with persistent @entity1 in whom a detailed head and spinal MRI follow-up did not reveal any sign of @entity5 and to evaluate which treatment can be considered the first choice. @entity0 admitted to our @entity1 center for evaluation of persistent @entity1 and followed after first admission with clinical and neuroradiological controls were systematically reviewed. 11 @entity0 (7 M, 4 F) followed in a period lasted from 10 months up to 2 years were studied. Six @entity0 (54, 5 %) reported a MRI performed previously elsewhere with a suspect diagnosis of @entity5 which was not confirmed at MRI at our hospital such as during the radiological follow-up. Three @entity0 (27.2 %) had developed @entity1 short after a neck or @entity4 with no evidence of neuroradiological pathological signs and two @entity0 (18 %) had a previous history of @entity2 . We administrated antidepressants in five @entity0 , atypical neuroleptic in three @entity0 , association of antidepressant and antipsychotic in one @entity0 and muscle relaxants in two cases. All @entity0 showed a certain improvement of @entity1 in the weeks after introduction of the pharmacological treatment; six (54, 5 %) had @entity3 relief during the follow-up and five (45, 5 %) were @entity3 free at the last clinical control. We found out that @entity0 with the best outcome were the ones treated with antidepressants. Persistent @entity1 without any neuroradiological sign of @entity5 is a challenging problem for clinicians. Although the International Classification of @entity6 (ICHD-3 beta version) criteria suggests the possibility of epidural blood patch in @entity1 without causes, we believe that a pharmacological treatment tailored on each @entity0 should be always considered and antidepressants can be the first choice.

title: Persistent @entity1 without XXXX : which treatment?

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether functional rhinoplasty alone results in a significant @entity1 parameters in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: Records of consecutive adult @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent surgery to repair their nasal inlet and completed preoperative and postoperative polysomnography were reviewed. @entity0 underwent polysomnography before and after functional septorhinoplasty. Long-term follow-up using Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scores was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test. A Holm-Bonferroni sequential correction was also used because of multiple statistical comparisons being made. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity0 were included in this study. Mean @entity1 index scores preoperatively was 24.7, which dropped to a mean postoperative @entity1 index of 16, a reduction of 35 percent (p = 0.013). Excluding @entity0 with a body mass index greater than 30 resulted in improved @entity1 index scores, from 22.5 to 9.6, a mean 57 percent reduction (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Functional rhinoplasty may have the potential to significantly improve the severity of @entity1 for select @entity0 with @entity2 . The nasal airflow improvement may modify pharyngeal aerodynamics. This is a fast and minimally invasive approach to consider in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 , especially in @entity0 with a body mass index less than 30. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

title: Can functional septorhinoplasty independently XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study is an attempt to unify the evaluation of @entity0 with well- @entity3 after ablative therapy. As such serum thyroglobulin determinations on and off thyroid hormone (T4) therapy and @entity4 131 total body scans were examined in 53 @entity0 studies. No @entity1 were found in @entity0 whose thyroglobulin value was undetectable (less than 1 ng/ml). Values during T4 therapy that were detectable, even as low as 4.2 ng/ml, were occasionally associated with @entity1 . After T4 withdrawal, thyroglobulin value and scan were obtained. Neither @entity1 nor clinically detectable @entity2 was found in @entity0 whose thyroglobulin value was less than 10 ng/ml while off T4. Conversely, a value greater than 10 ng/ml was often associated with documented @entity1 even when the scan was negative. In summary, a thyroglobulin value less than 1 ng/ml during T4 therapy or less than 10 ng/ml off T4 therapy suggests successful therapy and a routine scan could be avoided unless clinically indicated. However, a value greater than 10 ng/ml suggests the presence of @entity1 despite a negative scan. Thyroglobulin determination substantially improves the management of these @entity0 .

title: The comparative value of serum thyroglobulin measurements and XXXX 131 total body scans in the follow-up study of @entity0 with treated @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: This study is an attempt to unify the evaluation of @entity0 with well- @entity3 after ablative therapy. As such serum thyroglobulin determinations on and off thyroid hormone (T4) therapy and @entity4 131 total body scans were examined in 53 @entity0 studies. No @entity1 were found in @entity0 whose thyroglobulin value was undetectable (less than 1 ng/ml). Values during T4 therapy that were detectable, even as low as 4.2 ng/ml, were occasionally associated with @entity1 . After T4 withdrawal, thyroglobulin value and scan were obtained. Neither @entity1 nor clinically detectable @entity2 was found in @entity0 whose thyroglobulin value was less than 10 ng/ml while off T4. Conversely, a value greater than 10 ng/ml was often associated with documented @entity1 even when the scan was negative. In summary, a thyroglobulin value less than 1 ng/ml during T4 therapy or less than 10 ng/ml off T4 therapy suggests successful therapy and a routine scan could be avoided unless clinically indicated. However, a value greater than 10 ng/ml suggests the presence of @entity1 despite a negative scan. Thyroglobulin determination substantially improves the management of these @entity0 .

title: The comparative value of serum thyroglobulin measurements and @entity4 131 total body scans in the follow-up study of @entity0 with treated XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study is an attempt to unify the evaluation of @entity0 with well- @entity3 after ablative therapy. As such serum thyroglobulin determinations on and off thyroid hormone (T4) therapy and @entity4 131 total body scans were examined in 53 @entity0 studies. No @entity1 were found in @entity0 whose thyroglobulin value was undetectable (less than 1 ng/ml). Values during T4 therapy that were detectable, even as low as 4.2 ng/ml, were occasionally associated with @entity1 . After T4 withdrawal, thyroglobulin value and scan were obtained. Neither @entity1 nor clinically detectable @entity2 was found in @entity0 whose thyroglobulin value was less than 10 ng/ml while off T4. Conversely, a value greater than 10 ng/ml was often associated with documented @entity1 even when the scan was negative. In summary, a thyroglobulin value less than 1 ng/ml during T4 therapy or less than 10 ng/ml off T4 therapy suggests successful therapy and a routine scan could be avoided unless clinically indicated. However, a value greater than 10 ng/ml suggests the presence of @entity1 despite a negative scan. Thyroglobulin determination substantially improves the management of these @entity0 .

title: The comparative value of serum thyroglobulin measurements and @entity4 131 total body scans in the follow-up study of XXXX with treated @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the fenestration operation for treatment of acetabular parastyle @entity2 combined with articular facet compression and collapse of acetabular top involving weight-bearing dome. METHODS: From July 2005 to February 2007, 52 cases of acetabular parastyle @entity2 combined with articular facet compression and collapse of acetabular top involving weight-bearing dome were treated by two methods. Among them, 24 cases were treated by fenestration operation for articular facet reduction, bone grafing, anatomical reconstruction of the acetabular parastyle with internal fixation, included 17 males and 7 females with an average age of (35.2 +/- 6.4) years old; the other 28 cases were treated only anatomical reconstruction of the acetabular parastyle with internal fixation, included 19 males and 9 females with an average age of (36.4 +/- 4.8) years old. All the @entity0 were evaluated with modified d'Aubigne-Postel clinical evaluation standard. RESULTS: All @entity0 gained bone healing. There were only 1 @entity0 occurenced @entity3 and recovered 2 months later. There were no other complications. All @entity0 were followed up from 12 to 51 months (averaged in 31.5 months). According to modified d'Aubigne-Postel clinical evaluation standard, there were statistic difference between the two groups of @entity0 in @entity1 , walking, range of motion and total score. In fenestration operation group, the results were excellent in 13 @entity0 , good in 9, fair in 1, poor in 1; in parastyle reduction group,the results were excellent in 9 @entity0 , good in 11, fair in 6, poor in 2 (u=0.613, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Fenestration operation for treatment of acetabular parastyle @entity2 combined with articular facet compression and collapse of acetabular top involving weight-bearing dome is a feasible method for the recovery of hip joint function.

title: [Fenestration operation for treatment of acetabular parastyle XXXX combined with articular facet compression and collapse of acetabular top involving weight-bearing dome].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the @entity0 of vertically unstable @entity1 treated with percutaneous iliosacral screws fixation and to explore the operative techniques and its therapeutic efficacy. METHODS: From June 2002 to August 2009, 54 @entity0 with vertical unstable @entity1 were fixed with percutaneous iliosacral screws. After operation, 46 @entity0 were followed up more than 18 months. Among them, 32 @entity0 were male and 14 @entity0 were female, the average age was 36.4 years old (ranged from 19 to 64 years). The average time from injury to operation was 8.5 days (ranged from 7 to 11 days). All @entity1 had @entity3 ranging from 8 to 40 mm (averaged 28.5 mm). After admitted, all @entity0 were applied bone traction. After recuction, the @entity1 were fixed with percutaneous iliosacral 7.3 mm cannulated screws, which crossed the iliac and sacral-iliac joint and sacral promontory to S(1)vertebrae. After operation, all @entity0 took X-ray examination. The reduction and the @entity1 reduction were judged according to Matta criterion and clinical function was judged according to Majeed functional scoring. RESULTS: Forty-six @entity0 were followed up from 1.5 to 3 years with an average of 29 months. @entity1 uninon was achieved in all @entity0 . All @entity0 got clinical recovery at mean time of 5.2 months and returned to normal daily life. According to Matta criterion for @entity1 reduction, the results were excellent in 40 cases and good in 6 cases. According to Majeed functional scoring, 32 @entity0 were excellent, 12 good and 2 normal. There were no serious complications of @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation is an effective technique with advantages of minimal invasive and faster recovery in the management of vertically unstable @entity1 .

title: [Treatment of vertical unstable XXXX by percutaneous iliosacral screws fixation].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical results of surgical treatment for Lisfranc @entity2 . METHODS: From January 2003 to September 2009, 57 @entity0 with @entity1 were treated by surgical operation included 41 males and 16 females with an average age of 33.8 years old ranging from 20 to 64 years. According to Myerson's classification, there were 31 cases of middle column injuries, 15 cases of medial-middle column injuries and 11 cases of three-column injuries. Among them, 25 @entity0 accepted the emergency operation (<24 hours) and 32 @entity0 were treated in average 7 days (3 to 11 days) after injury. RESULTS: All the wounds were healed primarily with a mean operative time of 50 min (30 to 70 min). All @entity0 were followed up for 4 to 70 months (averaged 35 months). The total AOFAS scores (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) was in averaged of(84.73 +/- 14.26). All the @entity0 returned to normal daily life after a mean time of 5.1 months (3 to 12 months). The average AOFAS scores of 52 anatomical reduction cases was (87.63 +/- 13.71), 5 non-anatomical reduction cases was (74.31 +/- 21.96), 26 multiple column @entity1 cases was (76.58 +/- 11.51). Complications of @entity3 occurred in 8 cases, confirming it was the main complication of these injuries. CONCLUSION: @entity1 can be surgically treated well. Reduction of the middle column is the key to reestablishment the stability of the tarsometatarsal joint complex. The quality of the reduction correlated with treatment outcome.

title: [Evaluation of the surgical treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the load-bearing capacity and microstrain of incisors restored with posts of various kinds. Both prefabricated @entity2 posts and different fiber-reinforced composite posts were tested. METHODS: The crowns of @entity0 incisors were cut and post preparation was carried out. The roots were divided into groups: (1) prefabricated serrated @entity2 posts, (2) prefabricated @entity1 fiber-reinforced composite posts, (3) individually formed glass fiber-reinforced composite posts with the canal full of fibers, and (4) individually formed "split" glass fiber-reinforced composite posts. The posts were cemented and composite crowns were made. Intact @entity0 incisors were used as reference. All roots were embedded in acrylic resin cylinders and stored at room temperature in water. Static load was applied under a loading angle of 45   using a universal testing machine. On half of the specimens microstrain was measured with strain gages and an acoustic emission analysis was carried out. Failure mode assessment was also made. RESULTS: The group with @entity2 posts showed highest number of unfavorable failures compared to the groups with fiber-reinforced composite posts. SIGNIFICANCE: With fiber-reinforced composite posts the failures may more often be favorable compared to @entity2 posts, which clinically means repairable failures.

title: Load-bearing capacity of XXXX incisor restored with various fiber-reinforced composite posts.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND GOALS: International guidelines recommend 6-monthly ultrasound scan surveillance in cirrhotic @entity0 for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) screening. The aim of this study was to evaluate @entity2 surveillance and to provide the outcomes for the largest reported @entity1 cohort in the United Kingdom. STUDY: We retrospectively reviewed all cirrhotic @entity0 during the 6 months before April 1, 2014 at 3 teaching hospitals within the Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust. All @entity0 with @entity1 eligible for @entity2 screening in the cohort were reviewed for evidence of screening and were characterized as either "routine" or "overdue." Reasons for failure to meet guidelines were identified in overdue @entity0 . Univariate analyses were conducted to determine clinical and sociodemographic predictors of surveillance with a view to performing multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Of the 898 @entity0 eligible for inclusion, 65% @entity0 had @entity2 surveillance performed in the past 6 months. During the observation period, 61 (6.8%) cases of @entity2 were detected. Thirty-eight were picked up on surveillance, 9 incidentally and in 14 cases it could not be determined from the notes. Within this cohort HCCs diagnosed on surveillance did not demonstrate significantly superior outcomes compared with those picked up incidentally. CONCLUSIONS: Surveillance of @entity0 with @entity1 within this cohort is suboptimal. Although disappointing at a local level, this is likely to be reflective of practice elsewhere.

title: XXXX Surveillance: Are We Utilizing It?

answer: @entity2


abstract: Introduction and Aim   @entity3 is a rare @entity1 associated with significant @entity2 . This study aims to evaluate the results of its treatment in terms of continence, sexuality, and impact of @entity2 on quality of life. Materials and Methods   We retrospectively reviewed nine @entity0 (5-39 years) treated of @entity3 in our hospital during the period 1976-2013. Urinary continence (ICIQ-SF), sexuality, impact of @entity2 on quality of life (Potenziani-14-CI-IO-2000-QOL), and overall quality of life (SF-36) were evaluated. Results   All nine @entity0 were treated by bladder neck reconstruction (Young-Dees-Leadbetter) and genitoplasty; four received 2.5 (R   =   1-5) endoscopic bladder neck injections; one required enterocystoplasty, urinary diversion, and bladder neck closure because of persistent @entity2 ; five performed pelvic floor rehabilitation; and two took anticholinergics. Three achieved continence; five had mild @entity2 ; and 1 had moderate @entity2 and was awaiting an endoscopic injection. Of the seven who were older than 18 years, five answered the questionnaires of quality of life and sexuality. All had a general quality of life (SF-36) that does not differ from the normal population and had a slight impact (7 [0-15] points) of @entity2 on quality of life (Potenziani-14-CI-IO-QOL-2000). Four had a normal sex life, and the fifth had lack of self-confidence due to her @entity2 . Conclusion   @entity0 with @entity3 have good long-term results regarding quality of life and sexuality, despite having some degree of @entity2 .

title: Quality of Life in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Thirty-two @entity0 seen in one area between 1974 and 1980 with a diagnosis of @entity9 are reviewed retrospectively. Asbestos contact, often in the shipyards, was found in 80%. The average age at diagnosis was 64 years and @entity4 or @entity6 were the most common initial symptoms. Radiology usually confirmed a @entity5 , but rarely also showed @entity3 or @entity7 . The most useful diagnostic investigation was pleural biopsy, with a 59% success rate. Post mortem examinations showed widespread infiltration of adjacent tissues in many, with haematogenous @entity1 in 52%. Prognosis was poor, with an average survival of 40 weeks from presentation. No treatment improved life expectancy. Thoracotomy was followed by @entity2 chest wall masses. The incidence of @entity8 in our area is six times higher than in the rest of Scotland. As the disease has a long latent period between asbestos exposure and appearance, it will be many years before this rate is significantly reduced.

title: XXXX in Glasgow.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 , the ability to excrete a @entity3 load is impaired. Compensatory increase in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) promote @entity6 . Serum @entity5 concentration is considered an early biomarker of excess @entity3 load and high levels of @entity5 have been associated with increased mortality. In the present study, we have evaluated the changes in plasma @entity5 after treatment with the @entity3 binder @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity2 -3 and a normal serum @entity3 concentration. METHODS: Eighteen Caucasian @entity2 Stage 3a/3b patients with serum @entity3 <4.5 mg/dL were recruited in a prospective longitudinal open-label study. @entity0 received a 4-week period of standardized @entity4 -restricted diet containing 0.8 g/Kg/day protein. Thereafter, the same diet was maintained and @entity0 received @entity7 (750 mg with the three main meals) for 4 weeks. RESULTS: No significant changes were observed in serum @entity3 , however, @entity7 significantly decreased urinary excretion of @entity3 and fractional excretion of @entity3 (P < 0.004). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in carboxyterminal @entity5 (median percent change from baseline -21.8% (interquartile range -4.5, -30%), P = 0.025). No changes were observed in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, @entity7 reduced @entity3 load, as assessed by urinary @entity3 excretion, and also reduced plasma @entity5 in @entity2 -3 @entity0 . This occurs in the presence of unchanged normal serum @entity3 levels.

title: XXXX reduces @entity5 in @entity2 Stage 3 @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 , the ability to excrete a @entity3 load is impaired. Compensatory increase in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) promote @entity6 . Serum @entity5 concentration is considered an early biomarker of excess @entity3 load and high levels of @entity5 have been associated with increased mortality. In the present study, we have evaluated the changes in plasma @entity5 after treatment with the @entity3 binder @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity2 -3 and a normal serum @entity3 concentration. METHODS: Eighteen Caucasian @entity2 Stage 3a/3b patients with serum @entity3 <4.5 mg/dL were recruited in a prospective longitudinal open-label study. @entity0 received a 4-week period of standardized @entity4 -restricted diet containing 0.8 g/Kg/day protein. Thereafter, the same diet was maintained and @entity0 received @entity7 (750 mg with the three main meals) for 4 weeks. RESULTS: No significant changes were observed in serum @entity3 , however, @entity7 significantly decreased urinary excretion of @entity3 and fractional excretion of @entity3 (P < 0.004). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in carboxyterminal @entity5 (median percent change from baseline -21.8% (interquartile range -4.5, -30%), P = 0.025). No changes were observed in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, @entity7 reduced @entity3 load, as assessed by urinary @entity3 excretion, and also reduced plasma @entity5 in @entity2 -3 @entity0 . This occurs in the presence of unchanged normal serum @entity3 levels.

title: @entity7 reduces XXXX in @entity2 Stage 3 @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 , the ability to excrete a @entity3 load is impaired. Compensatory increase in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) promote @entity6 . Serum @entity5 concentration is considered an early biomarker of excess @entity3 load and high levels of @entity5 have been associated with increased mortality. In the present study, we have evaluated the changes in plasma @entity5 after treatment with the @entity3 binder @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity2 -3 and a normal serum @entity3 concentration. METHODS: Eighteen Caucasian @entity2 Stage 3a/3b patients with serum @entity3 <4.5 mg/dL were recruited in a prospective longitudinal open-label study. @entity0 received a 4-week period of standardized @entity4 -restricted diet containing 0.8 g/Kg/day protein. Thereafter, the same diet was maintained and @entity0 received @entity7 (750 mg with the three main meals) for 4 weeks. RESULTS: No significant changes were observed in serum @entity3 , however, @entity7 significantly decreased urinary excretion of @entity3 and fractional excretion of @entity3 (P < 0.004). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in carboxyterminal @entity5 (median percent change from baseline -21.8% (interquartile range -4.5, -30%), P = 0.025). No changes were observed in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, @entity7 reduced @entity3 load, as assessed by urinary @entity3 excretion, and also reduced plasma @entity5 in @entity2 -3 @entity0 . This occurs in the presence of unchanged normal serum @entity3 levels.

title: @entity7 reduces @entity5 in XXXX Stage 3 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 , the ability to excrete a @entity3 load is impaired. Compensatory increase in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) promote @entity6 . Serum @entity5 concentration is considered an early biomarker of excess @entity3 load and high levels of @entity5 have been associated with increased mortality. In the present study, we have evaluated the changes in plasma @entity5 after treatment with the @entity3 binder @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity2 -3 and a normal serum @entity3 concentration. METHODS: Eighteen Caucasian @entity2 Stage 3a/3b patients with serum @entity3 <4.5 mg/dL were recruited in a prospective longitudinal open-label study. @entity0 received a 4-week period of standardized @entity4 -restricted diet containing 0.8 g/Kg/day protein. Thereafter, the same diet was maintained and @entity0 received @entity7 (750 mg with the three main meals) for 4 weeks. RESULTS: No significant changes were observed in serum @entity3 , however, @entity7 significantly decreased urinary excretion of @entity3 and fractional excretion of @entity3 (P < 0.004). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in carboxyterminal @entity5 (median percent change from baseline -21.8% (interquartile range -4.5, -30%), P = 0.025). No changes were observed in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, @entity7 reduced @entity3 load, as assessed by urinary @entity3 excretion, and also reduced plasma @entity5 in @entity2 -3 @entity0 . This occurs in the presence of unchanged normal serum @entity3 levels.

title: @entity7 reduces @entity5 in @entity2 Stage 3 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Angiogenesis is critical for @entity2 growth and @entity1 , and several inhibitors of @entity7 are currently in clinical use for the treatment of @entity2 . However, not all @entity0 benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those @entity2 that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of @entity2 cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of @entity4 xenograft models of @entity0 @entity6 , we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the @entity3 inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not @entity2 cells. In particular, components of the @entity5 and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in @entity2 cells. Increased activated @entity5 was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of @entity2 with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the @entity3 and @entity5 pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in @entity2 stromal pathways, including the @entity5 and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to @entity3 inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for @entity7 inhibitors and improving combination regimens.

title: Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in @entity4 xenograft models of @entity7 inhibitor-resistant XXXX @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Angiogenesis is critical for @entity2 growth and @entity1 , and several inhibitors of @entity7 are currently in clinical use for the treatment of @entity2 . However, not all @entity0 benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those @entity2 that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of @entity2 cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of @entity4 xenograft models of @entity0 @entity6 , we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the @entity3 inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not @entity2 cells. In particular, components of the @entity5 and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in @entity2 cells. Increased activated @entity5 was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of @entity2 with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the @entity3 and @entity5 pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in @entity2 stromal pathways, including the @entity5 and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to @entity3 inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for @entity7 inhibitors and improving combination regimens.

title: Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in @entity4 xenograft models of @entity7 inhibitor-resistant @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Angiogenesis is critical for @entity2 growth and @entity1 , and several inhibitors of @entity7 are currently in clinical use for the treatment of @entity2 . However, not all @entity0 benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those @entity2 that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of @entity2 cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of @entity4 xenograft models of @entity0 @entity6 , we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the @entity3 inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not @entity2 cells. In particular, components of the @entity5 and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in @entity2 cells. Increased activated @entity5 was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of @entity2 with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the @entity3 and @entity5 pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in @entity2 stromal pathways, including the @entity5 and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to @entity3 inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for @entity7 inhibitors and improving combination regimens.

title: Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in @entity4 xenograft models of XXXX inhibitor-resistant @entity0 @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Angiogenesis is critical for @entity2 growth and @entity1 , and several inhibitors of @entity7 are currently in clinical use for the treatment of @entity2 . However, not all @entity0 benefit from antiangiogenic therapy, and those @entity2 that initially respond to treatment ultimately become resistant. The mechanisms underlying this, and the relative contributions of @entity2 cells and stroma to resistance, are not completely understood. Here, using species-specific profiling of @entity4 xenograft models of @entity0 @entity6 , we have shown that gene expression changes associated with acquired resistance to the @entity3 inhibitor bevacizumab occurred predominantly in stromal and not @entity2 cells. In particular, components of the @entity5 and FGFR pathways were upregulated in stroma, but not in @entity2 cells. Increased activated @entity5 was detected on pericytes of xenografts that acquired resistance and on endothelium of @entity2 with relative primary resistance. Acquired resistance was associated with a pattern of pericyte-covered, normalized revascularization, whereas tortuous, uncovered vessels were observed in relative primary resistance. Importantly, dual targeting of the @entity3 and @entity5 pathways reduced pericyte coverage and increased progression-free survival. These findings demonstrated that alterations in @entity2 stromal pathways, including the @entity5 and FGFR pathways, are associated with, and may contribute to, resistance to @entity3 inhibitors and that targeting these pathways may improve therapeutic efficacy. Understanding stromal signaling may be critical for developing biomarkers for @entity7 inhibitors and improving combination regimens.

title: Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in XXXX xenograft models of @entity7 inhibitor-resistant @entity0 @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 or discomfort after @entity3 surgery is nowadays a more challenging concern than recurrence. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of local anaesthetic repair (LA) on @entity1 , discomfort, paraesthesia and functional outcome after @entity7 as compared to locoregional (LRA) and general anaesthesia (GA). METHODS: @entity0 with primary or recurrent inguinal @entity3 underwent Lichtenstein repair with a @entity6 mesh. All @entity0 with a follow-up of at least three years were sent a detailed questionnaire and offered an outpatient visit. Kaplan-Meier estimates and @entity4 proportional hazard regressions were used to analyse the relationship between time to event variables and explanatory variables including anaesthesia type. RESULTS: Between 1994 and 2006, in two cohorts, 330 @entity0 answered the questionnaire: 100 under GA, 35 under LRA, and 195 under LA. This represented a response rate of 95, 94, and 98% respectively. Compared to GA and LRA, LA resulted in less long term @entity1 , discomfort and paraesthesia. Moreover, resumption of social and professional activities was faster after LA. Recurrence rates were 1, 0, and 0.5% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: After @entity2 repair, LA results in beneficial effects beyond the immediate postoperative period.

title: Long term outcome after XXXX repair using general, locoregional or local anaesthesia.

answer: @entity7