abstract: We report the case of a 34-year-old @entity0 who exhibited acute deterioration in her condition after cerebral angiography for evaluation of a large @entity5 . She had undergone surgery and irradiation for a @entity2 in the right occipital lobe 23 years before this episode. She experienced incapacity at work. On @entity6 , a large @entity5 was detected on the left frontal convexity; this @entity1 was thought to be radiation-induced. Cerebral angiography was performed to assess the vascularization of the @entity1 . Her condition began to deteriorate 2.5 h after the cerebral angiography. CT revealed an increase in the mass of the @entity1 , and a high density area in the @entity1 . We immediately removed the @entity1 . Histopathological examination revealed the @entity1 to be a @entity5 . New @entity4 foci were identified in the @entity1 . In addition, macrophages containing hemosiderin were detected, and some of the @entity1 vessels exhibited @entity3 . We suspected that angiography triggered @entity4 in the @entity5 , which was already predisposed to @entity4 .

title: [Exacerbation of radiation induced @entity5 due to XXXX after cerebral angiography: a case report].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECT: The quantitative analysis of odontoid process angulation has had scant attention in the @entity2 population. In this study the authors sought to elucidate the correlation between posterior angulation of the odontoid process and @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: Magnetic resonance images of the craniocervical junction obtained in 100 @entity0 with @entity2 and in 50 @entity0 with normal intracranial anatomy (controls) were analyzed. Specific attention was focused on measuring the degree of angulation of the odontoid process and assigning a score to the various degrees. Postoperative outcome following posterior cranial fossa decompression was then correlated to grades of angulation. Other measurements included midsagittal lengths of the foramen magnum and basiocciput, the authors' institutions' previously documented @entity4 line (a line drawn perpendicular to one drawn between the basion and the posterior aspect of the C-2 body), level of the obex from a midpoint of the McRae line, and the extent of @entity3 . Higher grades of odontoid angulation (retroflexion) were found to be more frequently associated with @entity1 and particularly holocord syringes. Higher grades of angulation were more common in female @entity0 and were often found to have obices that were caudally displaced greater than three standard deviations below normal. CONCLUSIONS: These results not only confirm prior reports of an increased incidence of a retroflexed odontoid process in @entity2 but quantitatively define grades of inclination. Grades of angulation were not found to correlate with postoperative outcome. It is the authors' hopes that these data add to our current limited understanding of the mechanisms involved in hindbrain herniation.

title: Inclination of the odontoid process in the pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the performance of gonioscopy and noncontact morphometry with anterior chamber tomography (High Resolution Pentacam - HR) using optical Scheimpflug images in the evaluation of the anterior chamber angle (ACA). METHODS: Transversal study. 112 eyes from 74 subjects evaluated at the @entity1 Department, Fluminense Federal University, underwent gonioscopy and Pentacam HR. Using gonioscopy, the ACA was graded using the Shaffer Classification (SC) by a single experienced examiner masked to the Pentacam HR findings. @entity2 was determined in eyes in which the posterior trabecular meshwork could not be seen in two or more quadrants on non-indentation gonioscopy (SC Grade 2 or less). Pentacam HR images of the nasal and temporal quadrants were evaluated by custom software to automatically obtain anterior chamber measurements, such as: anterior chamber angle (ACA), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: Based on gonioscopy results, 74 (60.07%) eyes of @entity0 classified as open-angle (SC 3 and 4) and 38 (33.93%) eyes of @entity0 classified as @entity2 ( @entity4 ). Noncontact morphometry with Scheimpflug images revealed a mean ACA of 39.20    5.31 degrees for open-angle and 21.18    7.98 degrees for @entity2 . The open-angle group showed significant greater ACV and @entity3 values when compared to @entity2 (ACV of 193    36 mm   vs. 90    25 mm  , respectively, p<0.001; and @entity3 of 3,09    0,42 mm vs. 1,55    0,64 mm, respectively, p<0.0001.). In screening eyes with open-angle and @entity2 with the Pentacam ACA of 20   (SC Grade 2) using the ROC curves, the analysis showed 52.6% of sensitivity and 100% of specificity. CONCLUSIONS: The Pentacam showed ability in detecting eyes at risk for angle closure analyzing ACV and @entity3 .

title: XXXX anterior chamber morphometry based on optical Scheimpflug images.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A study of the sand @entity3 fauna was carried out in the endemic area ofAmerican @entity4 (ACL) in the Municipality of Mesquita, State of Rio de Janeiro, in an area where dwellings (with @entity0 and @entity2 infected by @entity5 ) have been recently visited by sloths. Weekly captures were made during two consecutive years in two different sites (1 m and 600 m above sea level) and in three different habitats in each site (domestic, extra-domestic and sylvatic) using CDC light traps and Shannon traps. The following species were identified: Brumptomyia (Brumptomyia) guimaraesi, B. (B.) nitzulescui, Lutzomyia (Lutzomyia) longipalpis, L. migonei, L. serrana, L. (Psathyromyia) lutziana, L. barrettoi, L. (Nyssomyia) intermedia, L. (N.) whitmani, L. (Mycropygomyia) schireiberi, L. quinquefer, L. sallesi, L. (Psychodopygus) ayrozai, L. pascalei, L. (Pintomyia) bianchigalatiae and L. lanei. The collection of B. guimaraesi and B. nitzulescui species indicates the proximity of the study area to the sylvatic habitat. Two important suspected vectors of ACL were found: L. intermedia and L. migonei. L. longipalpis, a proven vector of American @entity1 (AVL), was also found in this area. L. intermedia, the predominant sand @entity3 species, was collected by both methods of capture and in the three different sites. It was observed biting @entity0 inside houses, but it was less anthropophilic in the sylvatic habitat. Our observations suggest that altitude does not influence the dispersion of L. intermedia population in the Municipality of Mesquita. The data indicate that L. intermedia remains as a putative vector of @entity5 (V.) braziliensis in this locality. An hypothesis of a sylvatic transmission cycle in the area and its correlation with the domestic cycle are discussed in the present paper.

title: Ecology of American XXXX in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Kupffer cells, monocytes and infiltrating T cells have been considered the major source of @entity7 and @entity2 @entity3 factor-alpha in the liver. AIMS; To explore the expression of @entity7 and @entity2 @entity3 factor-alpha and to evaluate the density and the distribution of T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages in the liver of @entity0 with primary and secondary @entity2 . METHODS: Tumoural and peritumoural liver samples were examined from 21 @entity0 with @entity4 , 10 with hepatic @entity1 , 5 with benign focal liver lesions and 4 healthy adult livers. @entity7 and @entity2 @entity3 factor-alpha mRNAs were detected by a semiquantitative comparative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Higher levels of @entity7 , @entity2 @entity3 factor-alpha, CD3+ and @entity6 + cells were found in the tissue surrounding @entity4 and @entity1 than in the @entity2 itself. A strong expression of @entity6 + and CD3+ cells was found mainly along the @entity2 -host interface but the highest expression of CD3+ cells was found at the metastasis interfaces. @entity7 expression, CD3+ and @entity6 + cell densities were higher in peritumoural samples than in so-called "normal" liver tissue. CONCLUSIONS: An increased production of @entity7 and, to a lesser extent, of @entity2 @entity3 factor-alpha mRNA coincides with the presence of @entity2 be it primary or secondary, both in healthy and cirrhotic livers. The presence of @entity2 , irrespective of the presence of underlying @entity5 , appears to play the most important role.

title: Cytokine, infiltrating macrophage and T cell-mediated response to development of primary and secondary XXXX liver cancer.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) repair in @entity0 whose fitness for surgery is questionable. METHODS: Between April 1997 and December 2001, 389 consecutive @entity0 underwent endovascular @entity3 repair. Of these, 51 (13.1%) were ASA grade IV. The perioperative and late outcomes of this group were compared to the remaining 338 @entity0 with ASA grades <IV. Failure of @entity3 exclusion was defined as late conversion to open repair, @entity5 , increased @entity2 diameter, or persisting graft-related @entity4 . Gender, age, ASA grade IV, EUROSTAR class E, and @entity3 diameter were examined by logistic regression analysis for their influence on perioperative @entity1 , survival, and failure of @entity3 exclusion. RESULTS: Four (7.8%) perioperative @entity1 occurred in the ASA IV group compared to 1 (0.3%) in the ASA <IV group (p=0.001). Median follow-up was 22 months (range 1-56). Failure of @entity3 exclusion occurred in 3 (5.9%) @entity0 in ASA IV group and in 25 (7.4%) in ASA <IV group (p>0.05). Actuarial survival at 30 months was 62.9% in ASA IV group and 88.0% in ASA <IV group (p=0.001, log-rank test). There were no independent predictors for failure of @entity3 exclusion; ASA IV was independently associated with perioperative mortality (HR 17.8; 95% CI 1.6 to 188; p=0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular @entity3 repair in ASA IV @entity0 is feasible and effective in preventing @entity5 in the mid term. High-risk @entity0 experience a worse prognosis than their good-risk counterparts. An individualized approach in selecting high-risk @entity0 for endoluminal repair is mandatory.

title: Outcome of abdominal aortic endografting in high-risk XXXX : a 4-year single-center study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess renal morphology using spiral computed tomographic angiography (CTA) before and 6 months after angioplasty of unilateral @entity6 (RAS). METHODS: Spiral CTA scans from 14 @entity2 @entity0 (7 @entity0 ; mean age 57.4 +/- 13.1 years) with significant RAS were performed before and 6 months after angioplasty; @entity1 , @entity3 ( @entity3 ), cortical area (CA), and medullary length (ML) were measured from the axial slices in the 14 contralateral and 14 poststenotic then revascularized kidneys. Blood pressure, @entity5 clearance, and number of antihypertensive drugs were analyzed. RESULTS: At 6 months, the systolic blood pressure was significantly reduced (p=0.007), but the number of antihypertensive drugs and the @entity5 clearance did not change significantly. Most morphological parameters before and after angioplasty were different in the contralateral versus poststenotic kidneys ( @entity1 , p=0.01; @entity3 , p=0.01; ML, p=0.03; CA, p=0.008). After angioplasty, there was an 11% drop in cortical @entity4 associated with a mean 4-mm increase in medullary length in the poststenotic/revascularized kidneys. The contralateral kidneys exhibited corticomedullary thinning after angioplasty. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 , cortical thinning could be a useful timesaving marker to assess the significance of the lesion and to evaluate associated distal lesions. The favorable blood pressure outcome supports the existence of reversible @entity7 , particularly in the medulla. Angioplasty appears to be useful for the poststenotic kidney, according to the morphological study.

title: XXXX in atherosclerotic renovascular disease: gradual changes 6 months after successful angioplasty.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recommendations state that @entity4 should be used in preference to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the initial treatment of symptomatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the hip or knee, because of lesser @entity1 and the pervasive belief that @entity4 is not only effective in treating @entity2 but is of equal analgesic efficacy as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. METHODS: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of @entity5 , 75 mg twice daily, vs @entity4 , 1000 mg 4 times daily, in 82 subjects with symptomatic @entity3 of the medial knee. @entity3 was quantitated radiographically, and subjects met stringent baseline @entity2 criteria. The primary evaluation of efficacy used the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity3 Index, with evaluations at screening, baseline, and 2 and 12 weeks after treatment. Intention-to-treat analysis was used. RESULTS: Twenty-five subjects were randomized to @entity5 , 29 to @entity4 , and 28 to placebo. The groups were closely matched for age, sex, body mass index, prior use of @entity3 medications, baseline @entity2 , and radiographic features. At 2 and 12 weeks, clinically and statistically significant (P<.001) improvements were seen in the @entity5 -treated group; however, no significant improvements were seen in the @entity4 -treated group (P =.92 at 2 weeks and.19 at 12 weeks). Stratification of subjects according to baseline @entity2 , prestudy @entity3 medication, and radiographic grade showed no clear pattern of preferential response to @entity5 , and did not reveal a subset of subjects who responded to @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 is effective in the symptomatic treatment of @entity3 of the knee, but @entity4 is not. A review of the literature reveals that there is scanty published evidence for a therapeutic effect of @entity4 relative to placebo in @entity0 with @entity3 of the knee, because most published studies use active comparators (ie, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) only. The advocacy of @entity4 use in subjects with @entity3 of the knee should be reconsidered pending further placebo-controlled studies.

title: Lack of efficacy of XXXX in treating symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison trial with @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recommendations state that @entity4 should be used in preference to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the initial treatment of symptomatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the hip or knee, because of lesser @entity1 and the pervasive belief that @entity4 is not only effective in treating @entity2 but is of equal analgesic efficacy as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. METHODS: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of @entity5 , 75 mg twice daily, vs @entity4 , 1000 mg 4 times daily, in 82 subjects with symptomatic @entity3 of the medial knee. @entity3 was quantitated radiographically, and subjects met stringent baseline @entity2 criteria. The primary evaluation of efficacy used the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity3 Index, with evaluations at screening, baseline, and 2 and 12 weeks after treatment. Intention-to-treat analysis was used. RESULTS: Twenty-five subjects were randomized to @entity5 , 29 to @entity4 , and 28 to placebo. The groups were closely matched for age, sex, body mass index, prior use of @entity3 medications, baseline @entity2 , and radiographic features. At 2 and 12 weeks, clinically and statistically significant (P<.001) improvements were seen in the @entity5 -treated group; however, no significant improvements were seen in the @entity4 -treated group (P =.92 at 2 weeks and.19 at 12 weeks). Stratification of subjects according to baseline @entity2 , prestudy @entity3 medication, and radiographic grade showed no clear pattern of preferential response to @entity5 , and did not reveal a subset of subjects who responded to @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 is effective in the symptomatic treatment of @entity3 of the knee, but @entity4 is not. A review of the literature reveals that there is scanty published evidence for a therapeutic effect of @entity4 relative to placebo in @entity0 with @entity3 of the knee, because most published studies use active comparators (ie, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) only. The advocacy of @entity4 use in subjects with @entity3 of the knee should be reconsidered pending further placebo-controlled studies.

title: Lack of efficacy of @entity4 in treating symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparison trial with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The early and late nephrotoxicity of @entity2 was examined in 23 orthotopic heart transplant recipients and two heart-lung transplant recipients up to four years after the operation. @entity2 was given orally pre-operatively and intravenously for the first two to five days after the operation. Subsequent daily oral therapy, in two divided doses, was adjusted to maintain serum trough levels in the range of 150 vg/ml to 200 vg/ml. By six months after the transplantation, the trough level was reduced to approximately 100 vg/ml. The mean pre-operative @entity3 was 119 +/- 27 microM/L. After the operation there was transient @entity4 in all @entity0 , the mean peak @entity3 (251 +/- 104 microM/L) occurring on days two to five. By day eight, @entity3 (138 +/- 68 microM/L) was not significantly different from the pre-operative value. The maximal @entity2 trough level (479 +/- 216 vg/ml) was also seen on days two to five and declined (195 +/- 53 vg/ml) on day ten. Despite the temporal association, linear regression analysis demonstrated no correlation between the early increase in @entity3 and the @entity2 level. There was, however, a correlation between the pre-operative @entity3 and the peak post-operative @entity3 . Two @entity0 required dialysis but no death could be attributed to @entity1 . By six months after the operation, serum @entity3 had increased to 145 +/- 53 microM/ml and thereafter, with gradual reduction in @entity2 dosage serum @entity3 levels stabilized at 197 +/- 97 mu/mL at two years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of XXXX on renal function following orthotopic heart transplantation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Classification, histological and cytological grading of @entity4 , as well as the exact determination of the @entity2 stage, are the decisive criteria for the therapy to be followed. 163 morphological control examinations were analyzed for a period of 5 years on 97 @entity0 before, under and after hormonal or radiotherapy. 57% of the controlled @entity4 were uniformly glandular, or predominantly glandular, i.e., of pluriform structure, malignity grade Ib/IIa. 41% corresponded to cribriform and solid @entity3 with grade IIa, IIb and III. Under hormonal therapy, the typical epithelial and stromal changes were evident, like coarse vacuolization of cytoplasm, progressive nuclear pyknosis, @entity1 , as well as @entity5 and @entity7 . Under radiotherapy, the degree of @entity5 and nuclear changes was even more evident. Polynuclear, bizarre @entity2 cells predominated. With @entity3 to hormonal or radiotherapy, the immunohistochemical markers ( @entity6 ) were markedly reduced or missing. @entity3 , up to 5 years after therapy, showed regression grade I in 30.1%, II in 18.3, III in 43.0% and X in 8.6%. In cribriform/solid @entity3 , the regression was less marked. Grade I was observed in 42.9%, grade II in 21.4%, and grade III in 35.7% of the cases. There was no regression grade X. The results have shown that responsiveness of @entity3 to therapy can well be analyzed by use of certain histological and cytological criteria for grading and regressional grading. The experiences so far have shown that concerning radiation, 12-18 months after conclusion of therapy is a favorable moment for posttherapy controls. Under hormonal therapy, the therapy control should be performed 6 months after beginning. The same applies for cytological therapy controls.

title: Treated XXXX . Histological, immunohistochemical and cell kinetic studies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: This study was conducted to establish the feasibility of corneal transplantation using the big-bubble technique (BBT) to perform deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in three @entity2 . After the @entity3 was trephined 750   m, 4 mL of air was injected, and the blanched stroma was removed to expose @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The donor corneal button, which was gently stripped off the @entity1 , was sutured onto the bare @entity1 of the recipient @entity3 . The @entity2 received topical antibiotics every 6 h for 7 days and 2% cyclosporine ointment every 12 h for 1 month. The eyes were examined post-operatively at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 150 days. The central portion of the transplanted @entity3 stayed transparent while corneal haze developed around the transplanted margin. Menace response was normal even though the transplanted @entity3 was @entity0 until 3 weeks after surgery. A marginal haze was rarely observed between the donor and recipient corneas at 150 days after the operation. A spotted haze developed in the central part of the deep stroma near the @entity1 . Upon histopathological examination, the stroma and epithelium of the donor @entity3 had normal structures. Corneal transplantation using DALK with BBT can be performed in @entity2 preserving the healthy endothelium.

title: Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty of XXXX eyes using the big-bubble technique.

answer: @entity2


abstract: This study assessed the ability of immunomonitoring to differentiate between acute cardiac rejection and viral, @entity3 , using data of thirty-five @entity1 treated heart and heart-lung transplant recipients. Peripheral blood samples were analyzed daily for 20 days, then three times weekly until the @entity0 's discharge. Later, peripheral blood was examined every fourteen days on an outpatient basis. White blood cells were counted and differentiated. A mononuclear concentrate was obtained by the Ficoll-Hypaque gradient and centrifugation method, and cytocentrifuged onto slides. The cells were stained by a five minute method. Percentages of lymphocytes, prelymphoblasts, lymphoblasts, large granular lymphocytes and monocytes were calculated. When activated cells were detected, aliquots of the mononuclear concentrate were labeled using monoclonal antibodies. In these thirty-five @entity0 , more than 60 acute rejection episodes were diagnosed by the cytoimmunological method. Acute rejection was characterized by a significant rise of the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, prelymphoblasts and lymphoblasts. The T-lymphocyte population increased while the B-cells remained normal. Ninety-five percent of all acute rejection episodes were diagnosed using cytoimmunological parameters. During @entity2 more than 20% of the mononuclear cells were large granular lymphocytes and the OKT4/OKT8 ratio was less than one. During @entity3 the B-lymphocytes increased to 40% of the mononuclear cells. In addition, juvenile polymorphs appeared in the mononuclear concentrate and the OKT4/OKT8 ratio was within normal limits (1.5 to 2.5).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cytoimmunological monitoring in acute rejection and viral, XXXX following transplantation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of 3 different methods of electrical stimulation in the prevention of @entity5 -induced emetic response and @entity4 . METHODS: Seven female hound @entity1 chronically implanted with 4 pairs of electrodes on gastric serosa were used in a 5-session study. Saline and @entity5 were infused in sessions 1 and 2, respectively. In the other 3 sessions with @entity5 infusion, 3 different methods of electrical stimulation (short-pulse stimulation, long-pulse stimulation, and electroacupuncture) were applied. Gastric slow waves and @entity3 and behaviors suggestive of @entity2 were recorded in each session. In a separate study, additional experiments were performed in 5 vagotomized @entity1 to investigate vagally mediated mechanisms. RESULTS: @entity5 induced @entity4 , uncoupling of slow waves, and @entity3 and behaviors suggestive of @entity2 (P < 0.02, analysis of variance). Long-pulse stimulation, but not short-pulse stimulation or electroacupuncture, was capable of preventing @entity5 -induced @entity4 and gastric slow wave uncoupling. Short-pulse stimulation and electroacupuncture, but not long-pulse stimulation, prevented @entity3 and significantly reduced the symptom scores, which was not noted in the @entity1 with truncal vagotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Long-pulse stimulation normalizes @entity5 -induced @entity0 with no improvement in @entity3 and behaviors suggestive of @entity2 . Short-pulse stimulation and electroacupuncture prevent @entity3 and behaviors suggestive of @entity2 induced by @entity5 but have no effects on slow waves, and their effects are vagally mediated.

title: Gastric electrical stimulation with short pulses reduces vomiting but not XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of 3 different methods of electrical stimulation in the prevention of @entity5 -induced emetic response and @entity4 . METHODS: Seven female hound @entity1 chronically implanted with 4 pairs of electrodes on gastric serosa were used in a 5-session study. Saline and @entity5 were infused in sessions 1 and 2, respectively. In the other 3 sessions with @entity5 infusion, 3 different methods of electrical stimulation (short-pulse stimulation, long-pulse stimulation, and electroacupuncture) were applied. Gastric slow waves and @entity3 and behaviors suggestive of @entity2 were recorded in each session. In a separate study, additional experiments were performed in 5 vagotomized @entity1 to investigate vagally mediated mechanisms. RESULTS: @entity5 induced @entity4 , uncoupling of slow waves, and @entity3 and behaviors suggestive of @entity2 (P < 0.02, analysis of variance). Long-pulse stimulation, but not short-pulse stimulation or electroacupuncture, was capable of preventing @entity5 -induced @entity4 and gastric slow wave uncoupling. Short-pulse stimulation and electroacupuncture, but not long-pulse stimulation, prevented @entity3 and significantly reduced the symptom scores, which was not noted in the @entity1 with truncal vagotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Long-pulse stimulation normalizes @entity5 -induced @entity0 with no improvement in @entity3 and behaviors suggestive of @entity2 . Short-pulse stimulation and electroacupuncture prevent @entity3 and behaviors suggestive of @entity2 induced by @entity5 but have no effects on slow waves, and their effects are vagally mediated.

title: Gastric electrical stimulation with short pulses reduces vomiting but not @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: During hepatic fibrogenesis, the hepatic extracellular matrix changes to fibrillar collagens types I and III, and @entity2 is believed to produce an irreversible scar. In this study, we investigated whether gene delivery of @entity0 @entity5 , which degrades collagens types I and type III, would attenuate established @entity3 in the @entity1 , induced by either @entity6 or bile duct ligation. METHODS: Hepatic @entity2 induced by @entity6 for 7 weeks was persistent for at least 2 months, even after discontinuation of the treatment. The @entity1 were infected once with a recombinant adenovirus, Ad5MMP-1, into which @entity0 pro- @entity0 @entity5 complementary DNA was packaged, or with a control adenovirus, Ad5LacZ. RESULTS: In Ad5MMP-1-infected, but not in Ad5LacZ-infected, @entity1 , the @entity2 was dramatically attenuated at 2 weeks after the infection. It is interesting to note that the number of activated hepatic stellate cells was also decreased in Ad5MMP-1-infected @entity1 . Moreover, disorganization of the hepatic trabecula, heterogeneity in the size of hepatocytes, and increased dried liver weight were observed only in Ad5MMP-1-treated @entity1 , suggesting that @entity0 @entity5 stimulated hepatocyte proliferation, which was confirmed by @entity4 staining. After 4 weeks, the proliferative effect of @entity0 @entity5 almost disappeared, but the @entity3 remained attenuated, whereas the @entity2 in Ad5LacZ-treated @entity1 persisted. Furthermore, the administration of Ad5MMP-1, but not Ad5LacZ, decreased type I collagen and generated a small collagen fragment in @entity3 induced by bile duct ligation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that transient @entity0 @entity5 overexpression in the liver effectively attenuates established @entity2 and induces hepatocyte proliferation.

title: Delivery of matrix metalloproteinase-1 attenuates established liver XXXX in the @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: During hepatic fibrogenesis, the hepatic extracellular matrix changes to fibrillar collagens types I and III, and @entity2 is believed to produce an irreversible scar. In this study, we investigated whether gene delivery of @entity0 @entity5 , which degrades collagens types I and type III, would attenuate established @entity3 in the @entity1 , induced by either @entity6 or bile duct ligation. METHODS: Hepatic @entity2 induced by @entity6 for 7 weeks was persistent for at least 2 months, even after discontinuation of the treatment. The @entity1 were infected once with a recombinant adenovirus, Ad5MMP-1, into which @entity0 pro- @entity0 @entity5 complementary DNA was packaged, or with a control adenovirus, Ad5LacZ. RESULTS: In Ad5MMP-1-infected, but not in Ad5LacZ-infected, @entity1 , the @entity2 was dramatically attenuated at 2 weeks after the infection. It is interesting to note that the number of activated hepatic stellate cells was also decreased in Ad5MMP-1-infected @entity1 . Moreover, disorganization of the hepatic trabecula, heterogeneity in the size of hepatocytes, and increased dried liver weight were observed only in Ad5MMP-1-treated @entity1 , suggesting that @entity0 @entity5 stimulated hepatocyte proliferation, which was confirmed by @entity4 staining. After 4 weeks, the proliferative effect of @entity0 @entity5 almost disappeared, but the @entity3 remained attenuated, whereas the @entity2 in Ad5LacZ-treated @entity1 persisted. Furthermore, the administration of Ad5MMP-1, but not Ad5LacZ, decreased type I collagen and generated a small collagen fragment in @entity3 induced by bile duct ligation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that transient @entity0 @entity5 overexpression in the liver effectively attenuates established @entity2 and induces hepatocyte proliferation.

title: Delivery of matrix metalloproteinase-1 attenuates established liver @entity2 in the XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) predicts a worse evolution in the first stages of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The aim of this study was the follow-up of a group of relapsing-remitting @entity1 @entity0 for a longer time to evaluate whether the @entity2 implies a poor prognosis. Oligoclonal IgM bands were performed in 29 @entity1 @entity0 followed up from 5 to 16 years. Time to conversion to secondary-progressive @entity1 (SPMS), time elapsed to reach a disability of 6 in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), percentage of @entity0 with a benign @entity1 , and changes in EDSS score were evaluated. During the follow-up, 70.8% of @entity0 with @entity2 converted to SPMS. None of the @entity0 without @entity2 did. At the end of the study, 63.6% of @entity0 with @entity2 had reached EDSS 6, whereas none of the @entity0 lacking @entity2 reached values above EDSS 3. When @entity0 with benign @entity1 were analyzed, 82% lacked @entity2 . All @entity0 with a nonbenign @entity1 had @entity2 . At the end of the study, the mean EDSS score was 4.64 in @entity0 with @entity2 and 1.31 in those without. The presence of oligoclonal IgM bands in cerebrospinal fluid is an unfavorable prognostic marker in @entity1 .

title: XXXX is a prognostic factor in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) predicts a worse evolution in the first stages of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The aim of this study was the follow-up of a group of relapsing-remitting @entity1 @entity0 for a longer time to evaluate whether the @entity2 implies a poor prognosis. Oligoclonal IgM bands were performed in 29 @entity1 @entity0 followed up from 5 to 16 years. Time to conversion to secondary-progressive @entity1 (SPMS), time elapsed to reach a disability of 6 in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), percentage of @entity0 with a benign @entity1 , and changes in EDSS score were evaluated. During the follow-up, 70.8% of @entity0 with @entity2 converted to SPMS. None of the @entity0 without @entity2 did. At the end of the study, 63.6% of @entity0 with @entity2 had reached EDSS 6, whereas none of the @entity0 lacking @entity2 reached values above EDSS 3. When @entity0 with benign @entity1 were analyzed, 82% lacked @entity2 . All @entity0 with a nonbenign @entity1 had @entity2 . At the end of the study, the mean EDSS score was 4.64 in @entity0 with @entity2 and 1.31 in those without. The presence of oligoclonal IgM bands in cerebrospinal fluid is an unfavorable prognostic marker in @entity1 .

title: @entity2 is a prognostic factor in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 is malpositioning of the eyelids that, when moderate or severe, can negatively affect visual development during its critical period, resulting in @entity4 : diminished visual acuity with no apparent organic cause. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are essential for preventing @entity4 . @entity3 is uncommon but poses a challenge to any ophthalmologist; the only treatment is surgical. Among these @entity0 in Cuba, those with the most complex clinical characteristics are generally referred to the Ram  n Pando Ferrer Ophthalmology Institute in Havana. OBJECTIVE: Characterize visual acuity outcomes obtained in @entity0 seen at this Institute who received surgery for simple @entity3 using the frontalis sling procedure. METHOD: A descriptive prospective longitudinal study was conducted to describe visual acuity outcomes in 11 @entity0 with a diagnosis of isolated @entity3 seen in the Oculoplastic Service of the Ram  n Pando Ferrer Ophthalmology Institute between January and July 2009 and operated on using the frontalis sling procedure. The majority exhibited severe @entity1 (0.1-0.5) prior to surgery. Variables employed were age, sex, degree of @entity2 , degree of @entity2 correction, visual acuity, and complications during surgery and postoperatively. RESULTS: Male @entity0 aged 1-4 years predominated. Visual acuity improved in 100% of @entity0 , to varying degrees. Prior to surgery, 72% had visual acuity of 0.1-0.5. Six months post-surgery, with visual rehabilitation, 90.9% exhibited visual acuity of >0.5. In 81.8% of @entity0 , @entity2 was fully corrected. Complications were minimal: injury to the palpebral tarsus and undercorrection were the most common and did not affect final surgical outcome or interfere with rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Correction of @entity3 using the frontalis sling technique yielded satisfactory visual acuity outcomes, contributing to visual rehabilitation of the affected @entity0 .

title: Improved visual acuity after frontalis sling surgery for simple XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The digitizer program was used to determine the size of the lesions by tracing them onto standardized matrices which were divided into 3000 point and corresponded to CT slices. Moreover, on the basis of the results of accumulated lesions on 127 cases with various types of @entity2 , the highly involved sites were determined as Broca's area, @entity1 and conduction area, and the sizes of the lesions in each area were also determined. The correlation between these sizes of the lesions and recovery rates based on the 2 SLTA scores (initial and 3 months later) was studied. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The correlation coefficient between the size of total area and the initial SLTA score was -0.46, significant at p less than 0.01. The negative correlation means that the larger the lesion, the more severe the @entity2 . This tendency was seen in all language aspects except "calculation" (i.e. hearing, speaking, reading, writing). A similar, highly significant negative correlation was obtained between the lesion sizes of Broca's area, @entity1 , conduction area and initial SLTA scores, but among the various types of aphasics, only the Broca aphasics have a highly significant negative correlation between lesion size and initial SLTA score. 2) The negative correlation between the size of total area and the recovery rate was observed. This tendency was seen especially in the expressive disorders, namely "speaking" and "writing". These findings indicate that the larger the lesions, the less overall recovery will occur in @entity0 and in speaking and writing disorders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Recovery in XXXX (Part 2): Size and site of lesion].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Evidence suggests that @entity1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of @entity6 . The chronic inflammatory process can develop to an acute clinical event by the induction of @entity3 and therefore cause @entity8 . The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of the circulating acute-phase reactant @entity10 (CRP), which is a sensitive indicator of @entity1 , in @entity0 with chronic stable @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ). We studied 56 subjects: 1) 25 consecutive @entity0 (18 @entity0 , 7 @entity0 ; mean age, 68.5 +/- 14.3 years, range, 40-86) with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) or @entity5 ( @entity5 ); 2) 31 consecutive @entity0 (25 @entity0 , 6 @entity0 ; mean age 64 +/- 12.7; range, 47-83, years) with signs and symptoms of clinically stable @entity4 . High-sensitivity- @entity10 (hs-CRP) levels were determined with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay method. In @entity0 with @entity9 and @entity5 before reperfusion therapy, CRP levels were not significantly different to those in @entity0 with stable @entity4 (5.96 +/- 2.26 versus 4.35 +/- 2.6 mg/L; P = 0.12), but tended to be higher in @entity0 with @entity9 and @entity5 . Baseline CRP levels in the subgroup of @entity0 with @entity5 (6.49 +/- 2.28 mg/L) were significantly higher than levels in @entity0 with stable @entity4 (4.35 +/- 2.6 mg/L; P = 0.02). CRP levels in @entity0 with @entity9 and @entity5 were measured four times during a 72-hour period (0, 12, 24, and 72 hours). The lowest value was observed at baseline and differed significantly from values measured at any other time of the observation period (P < 0.001; 5.96 +/- 2.26; 9.5 +/- 9.04, 18.25 +/- 11.02; 20.25 +/- 10.61). CRP levels after 12, 24, and 72 hours were also significantly different to the initial values for @entity0 with stable @entity4 (P < 0.01). There was no correlation between CRP and @entity7 kinase (CK), CK-MB isoenzyme, or troponin I positivity as markers for the extent of the @entity2 during the observation period. Baseline levels of serum CRP tended to be higher in @entity0 with @entity9 or @entity5 but were not significantly different from levels in @entity0 with chronic stable @entity4 . In the subgroup of @entity0 with @entity5 , baseline CRP levels were significantly higher than the levels in @entity0 with stable @entity4 . CRP as a marker of @entity1 is significantly increased in @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity9 shortly after the onset of symptoms (after a period of 12 hours), supporting the hypothesis of an activation of inflammatory mechanisms in @entity0 with an @entity8 or @entity5 .

title: XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Evidence suggests that @entity1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of @entity6 . The chronic inflammatory process can develop to an acute clinical event by the induction of @entity3 and therefore cause @entity8 . The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of the circulating acute-phase reactant @entity10 (CRP), which is a sensitive indicator of @entity1 , in @entity0 with chronic stable @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ). We studied 56 subjects: 1) 25 consecutive @entity0 (18 @entity0 , 7 @entity0 ; mean age, 68.5 +/- 14.3 years, range, 40-86) with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) or @entity5 ( @entity5 ); 2) 31 consecutive @entity0 (25 @entity0 , 6 @entity0 ; mean age 64 +/- 12.7; range, 47-83, years) with signs and symptoms of clinically stable @entity4 . High-sensitivity- @entity10 (hs-CRP) levels were determined with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay method. In @entity0 with @entity9 and @entity5 before reperfusion therapy, CRP levels were not significantly different to those in @entity0 with stable @entity4 (5.96 +/- 2.26 versus 4.35 +/- 2.6 mg/L; P = 0.12), but tended to be higher in @entity0 with @entity9 and @entity5 . Baseline CRP levels in the subgroup of @entity0 with @entity5 (6.49 +/- 2.28 mg/L) were significantly higher than levels in @entity0 with stable @entity4 (4.35 +/- 2.6 mg/L; P = 0.02). CRP levels in @entity0 with @entity9 and @entity5 were measured four times during a 72-hour period (0, 12, 24, and 72 hours). The lowest value was observed at baseline and differed significantly from values measured at any other time of the observation period (P < 0.001; 5.96 +/- 2.26; 9.5 +/- 9.04, 18.25 +/- 11.02; 20.25 +/- 10.61). CRP levels after 12, 24, and 72 hours were also significantly different to the initial values for @entity0 with stable @entity4 (P < 0.01). There was no correlation between CRP and @entity7 kinase (CK), CK-MB isoenzyme, or troponin I positivity as markers for the extent of the @entity2 during the observation period. Baseline levels of serum CRP tended to be higher in @entity0 with @entity9 or @entity5 but were not significantly different from levels in @entity0 with chronic stable @entity4 . In the subgroup of @entity0 with @entity5 , baseline CRP levels were significantly higher than the levels in @entity0 with stable @entity4 . CRP as a marker of @entity1 is significantly increased in @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity9 shortly after the onset of symptoms (after a period of 12 hours), supporting the hypothesis of an activation of inflammatory mechanisms in @entity0 with an @entity8 or @entity5 .

title: @entity10 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 proteins (Hsp) are known to protect cells from several stressors. Nucleotide changes in the flanking regions [5'- and 3'-untranslated region (UTR)] of Hsp gene might affect inducibility, degree of expression, or stability of Hsp70 mRNA. The present study aimed to investigate the association between inducible @entity6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in dairy @entity0 . Four hundred forty-six Italian Holstein @entity0 were genotyped for four @entity6 SNPs: g895 C/- and g @entity7 in 5'-UTR, and g @entity8 and @entity9 in 3'-UTR. Genetic polymorphisms in 3'-UTR of @entity0 @entity6 gene resulted monomorphic. Distribution of alleles of the @entity1 sequence polymorphism within the 5'-UTR of the @entity0 @entity6 gene were 81.2% and 18.8% for C and -, respectively, and 77.8% and 22.2% for G and T, respectively. Among the 446 genotyped animals, a group of @entity0 balanced for days in milk and parity was selected to be representative of the following genotypes: CC (n   =   8), C- (n   =   7), and -- (n   =   7) and GG (n   =   8), @entity3 (n   =   11), and TT (n   =   3) in 5'-UTR. PBMC were isolated from blood samples and heated at 43  C in thermal bath for 1  h and then incubated at 39  C in atmosphere of 5% @entity2 for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24  h (recovery times). Cell viability was determined by XTT assay. Gene and protein expression of @entity6 was determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and by ELISA assay, respectively. For the two SNPs detected, one allele was the most frequent (C, 66.8% and G, 56.8%). Genotypes -- and TG showed higher (P   <   0.05) viability compared with CC and GG, respectively. Genotypes C- and TT had intermediate viability. Gene expression of @entity6 showed higher (P   <   0.001) levels in -- and TG genotype compared with their counterparts. Genotypes -- and TG showed the higher level of inducible @entity6 protein in respect to C-, TT and CC, GG. In conclusion, exposure to @entity4 differently affected cell viability and gene and protein expression of @entity6 in the selected genotypes. These results indicate that the presence of SNPs (C/- and @entity5 ) in the 5'-UTR region of inducible @entity6 ameliorates @entity4 response and tolerance to heat of @entity0 PBMC. These mutation sites may be useful as molecular genetic markers to assist selection for heat tolerance.

title: Cellular thermotolerance is associated with @entity4 protein 70.1 genetic polymorphisms in Holstein lactating XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 proteins (Hsp) are known to protect cells from several stressors. Nucleotide changes in the flanking regions [5'- and 3'-untranslated region (UTR)] of Hsp gene might affect inducibility, degree of expression, or stability of Hsp70 mRNA. The present study aimed to investigate the association between inducible @entity6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in dairy @entity0 . Four hundred forty-six Italian Holstein @entity0 were genotyped for four @entity6 SNPs: g895 C/- and g @entity7 in 5'-UTR, and g @entity8 and @entity9 in 3'-UTR. Genetic polymorphisms in 3'-UTR of @entity0 @entity6 gene resulted monomorphic. Distribution of alleles of the @entity1 sequence polymorphism within the 5'-UTR of the @entity0 @entity6 gene were 81.2% and 18.8% for C and -, respectively, and 77.8% and 22.2% for G and T, respectively. Among the 446 genotyped animals, a group of @entity0 balanced for days in milk and parity was selected to be representative of the following genotypes: CC (n   =   8), C- (n   =   7), and -- (n   =   7) and GG (n   =   8), @entity3 (n   =   11), and TT (n   =   3) in 5'-UTR. PBMC were isolated from blood samples and heated at 43  C in thermal bath for 1  h and then incubated at 39  C in atmosphere of 5% @entity2 for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24  h (recovery times). Cell viability was determined by XTT assay. Gene and protein expression of @entity6 was determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and by ELISA assay, respectively. For the two SNPs detected, one allele was the most frequent (C, 66.8% and G, 56.8%). Genotypes -- and TG showed higher (P   <   0.05) viability compared with CC and GG, respectively. Genotypes C- and TT had intermediate viability. Gene expression of @entity6 showed higher (P   <   0.001) levels in -- and TG genotype compared with their counterparts. Genotypes -- and TG showed the higher level of inducible @entity6 protein in respect to C-, TT and CC, GG. In conclusion, exposure to @entity4 differently affected cell viability and gene and protein expression of @entity6 in the selected genotypes. These results indicate that the presence of SNPs (C/- and @entity5 ) in the 5'-UTR region of inducible @entity6 ameliorates @entity4 response and tolerance to heat of @entity0 PBMC. These mutation sites may be useful as molecular genetic markers to assist selection for heat tolerance.

title: Cellular thermotolerance is associated with XXXX protein 70.1 genetic polymorphisms in Holstein lactating @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Host defense against @entity0 by @entity4 ) is ensured in great part by cytotoxic @entity1 (+) T lymphocytes (CTLs) directed against the tegument protein pp65. The hyperimmediate release of incoming pp65 into the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway after fusion of the virus with the cell membrane provides a very early mechanism of defense. In retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells HCMV is known to enter through endocytosis. This study was conducted to determine whether this means of penetration into the cells would allow the virus to elude immune surveillance. METHODS: Infection of RPE cells with HCMV AD169 was performed for 6 hours, 48 hours, and 8 days. Expression of intracellular pp65 in RPE cells and in the @entity2 reference cell line U373MG was evaluated by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and Western blot analysis. Killing of both @entity3 cell lines by HLA-A2-restricted @entity1 (+) CTLs directed against pp65 was monitored by @entity5 -release assays. RESULTS: RPE cells were not lysed by CTLs directed against incoming pp65, contrary to U373MG. Moreover, both cell lines were not killed by anti-pp65 CTLs later after @entity0 , because of the MHC class-I-downregulating effect of HCMV unique short (US2-11) proteins. CONCLUSIONS: In RPE cells, both HCMV entry through endocytosis and the immunosuppressive effect of US proteins could allow the virus to evade immune surveillance at any stage of @entity0 , which could promote viral spreading within the retina.

title: @entity3 retinal pigment epithelial cells by anti-pp65 XXXX (+) cytotoxic T cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Host defense against @entity0 by @entity4 ) is ensured in great part by cytotoxic @entity1 (+) T lymphocytes (CTLs) directed against the tegument protein pp65. The hyperimmediate release of incoming pp65 into the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I pathway after fusion of the virus with the cell membrane provides a very early mechanism of defense. In retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells HCMV is known to enter through endocytosis. This study was conducted to determine whether this means of penetration into the cells would allow the virus to elude immune surveillance. METHODS: Infection of RPE cells with HCMV AD169 was performed for 6 hours, 48 hours, and 8 days. Expression of intracellular pp65 in RPE cells and in the @entity2 reference cell line U373MG was evaluated by flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and Western blot analysis. Killing of both @entity3 cell lines by HLA-A2-restricted @entity1 (+) CTLs directed against pp65 was monitored by @entity5 -release assays. RESULTS: RPE cells were not lysed by CTLs directed against incoming pp65, contrary to U373MG. Moreover, both cell lines were not killed by anti-pp65 CTLs later after @entity0 , because of the MHC class-I-downregulating effect of HCMV unique short (US2-11) proteins. CONCLUSIONS: In RPE cells, both HCMV entry through endocytosis and the immunosuppressive effect of US proteins could allow the virus to evade immune surveillance at any stage of @entity0 , which could promote viral spreading within the retina.

title: XXXX retinal pigment epithelial cells by anti-pp65 @entity1 (+) cytotoxic T cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Two recent reports support and one report disputes the existence of dangerous interactions between the new @entity6 antiarrhythmic @entity5 and the anaesthetic state. We have reviewed our experience with 17 anaesthetics administered to 16 @entity0 taking @entity5 . Haemodynamics and serum @entity5 levels were evaluated where available. Twelve cases involved @entity1 ; of these, three @entity0 died. There were no deaths in the non- @entity1 group. The charts of 30 @entity0 with poor left ventricular function, who were not receiving @entity5 but who were undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, were reviewed to establish a comparison group. Interactions were manifested in three forms: nodal rhythm and/or complete @entity2 developed in ten of 15 @entity0 (one @entity0 had a preoperative pacemaker inserted for the @entity4 ), poor cardiac output requiring intra-aortic balloon pump augmentation developed in six of 12 @entity1 @entity0 , or, a state of alpha adrenergic blockade leading to a low systemic vascular resistance despite alpha agonist therapy developed in two of 16 @entity0 . We conclude that dangerous, fatal interactions may occur in @entity0 taking @entity5 who undergo general anaesthesia with @entity1 . Anaesthesia for non-cardiac surgery may be associated with haemodynamically significant @entity3 . We recommend aggressive invasive monitoring, including pulmonary artery catheterization and consideration of an atrio-ventricular pacemaker in high risk @entity0 .

title: Anaesthesia and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity13 , @entity14 , and @entity15 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity0 include @entity9 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity7 ( @entity11 /EA), @entity2 , and moderate to severe @entity3 . We describe a female @entity0 who presented with severe @entity9 , @entity12 , @entity8 , mild @entity5 , abnormal auricles, @entity1 , @entity3 , and postnatal onset @entity6 . She had no @entity11 /EA or @entity4 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity14 and @entity15 but not @entity13 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity11 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity12 . The role of @entity14 and @entity15 in @entity1 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity14 and @entity15 in a @entity0 with XXXX , thyroid duct cyst, @entity8 , and @entity1 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity13 , @entity14 , and @entity15 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity0 include @entity9 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity7 ( @entity11 /EA), @entity2 , and moderate to severe @entity3 . We describe a female @entity0 who presented with severe @entity9 , @entity12 , @entity8 , mild @entity5 , abnormal auricles, @entity1 , @entity3 , and postnatal onset @entity6 . She had no @entity11 /EA or @entity4 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity14 and @entity15 but not @entity13 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity11 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity12 . The role of @entity14 and @entity15 in @entity1 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity14 and @entity15 in a @entity0 with @entity9 , thyroid duct cyst, @entity8 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity13 , @entity14 , and @entity15 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity0 include @entity9 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity7 ( @entity11 /EA), @entity2 , and moderate to severe @entity3 . We describe a female @entity0 who presented with severe @entity9 , @entity12 , @entity8 , mild @entity5 , abnormal auricles, @entity1 , @entity3 , and postnatal onset @entity6 . She had no @entity11 /EA or @entity4 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity14 and @entity15 but not @entity13 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity11 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity12 . The role of @entity14 and @entity15 in @entity1 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing XXXX and @entity15 in a @entity0 with @entity9 , thyroid duct cyst, @entity8 , and @entity1 .

answer: @entity14


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity13 , @entity14 , and @entity15 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity0 include @entity9 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity7 ( @entity11 /EA), @entity2 , and moderate to severe @entity3 . We describe a female @entity0 who presented with severe @entity9 , @entity12 , @entity8 , mild @entity5 , abnormal auricles, @entity1 , @entity3 , and postnatal onset @entity6 . She had no @entity11 /EA or @entity4 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity14 and @entity15 but not @entity13 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity11 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity12 . The role of @entity14 and @entity15 in @entity1 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity14 and XXXX in a @entity0 with @entity9 , thyroid duct cyst, @entity8 , and @entity1 .

answer: @entity15


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity13 , @entity14 , and @entity15 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity0 include @entity9 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity7 ( @entity11 /EA), @entity2 , and moderate to severe @entity3 . We describe a female @entity0 who presented with severe @entity9 , @entity12 , @entity8 , mild @entity5 , abnormal auricles, @entity1 , @entity3 , and postnatal onset @entity6 . She had no @entity11 /EA or @entity4 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity14 and @entity15 but not @entity13 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity11 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity12 . The role of @entity14 and @entity15 in @entity1 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity14 and @entity15 in a @entity0 with @entity9 , thyroid duct cyst, XXXX , and @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Microdeletions of the long arm of chromosome 17 are being reported with increasing frequency. Deletions of 17q22q23.2 may represent a genetically recognizable phenotype although its spectrum of genomic abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and critical regions are not fully delineated. Isolated reports and small case series suggest that deletions of 17q22q23.2 result in haploinsufficiency of dosage sensitive genes @entity13 , @entity14 , and @entity15 , which may be responsible for many aspects of the phenotype. Shared clinical features in this group of @entity0 include @entity9 , prenatal onset growth restriction, @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity7 ( @entity11 /EA), @entity2 , and moderate to severe @entity3 . We describe a female @entity0 who presented with severe @entity9 , @entity12 , @entity8 , mild @entity5 , abnormal auricles, @entity1 , @entity3 , and postnatal onset @entity6 . She had no @entity11 /EA or @entity4 . Using a high density oligonucleotide microarray, we identified a microdeletion at 17q22q23.2, resulting in the heterozygous loss of several genes, including @entity14 and @entity15 but not @entity13 . The breakpoints did not lie within known segmental duplications. This case helps to further delineate the critical region for @entity11 /EA, which is likely confined to the chromosomal region proximal to 17q23.1, and suggests that genes in 17q23.1q23.2 may be associated with @entity12 . The role of @entity14 and @entity15 in @entity1 warrants investigation.

title: Microdeletion of 17q22q23.2 encompassing @entity14 and @entity15 in a XXXX with @entity9 , thyroid duct cyst, @entity8 , and @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite recent concerns over the effectiveness and safety of atypical antipsychotics compared with first-generation antipsychotics, prescribing of atypical antipsychotics continues to increase. The use of generic atypical antipsychotics is one way to address cost concerns, especially if there are no major differences in outcomes between generic and originator formulations. Market forces do appear to help lower prices if @entity0 have to cover any difference between higher priced generics and originators and the current reference-priced products themselves, which they try to avoid, and if companies strive to gain market share. However, this approach may compromise individualizing atypical choice if reference classes consist of several atypicals between which there are significant co-payment differences. OBJECTIVES: First, to assess whether differences in @entity0 co-payment levels between the various atypical antipsychotic formulations alter the atypical formulation prescribed and/or dispensed in practice in Poland. Second, to assess whether market forces in Poland help drive down generic prices in reality as successive generics are launched. Third, to assess the impact of the reduction in reference prices on the overall expenditure on atypicals by the National Health Fund in Poland. METHODS: Prescription and reimbursed expenditure data for @entity1 and @entity2 were provided by the National Health Fund from 2002 to 2006, although no individual @entity0 data were available. Reimbursement limits for the various presentations of @entity1 and @entity2 were based on regulations from the Ministry of Health. RESULTS: Analysis of the data showed that the level of @entity0 co-payment appeared to impact on the atypical antipsychotic dispensed, with utilization of @entity1 growing once its co-payment was reduced when generic @entity1 became available. The reverse was seen with @entity2 , with only limited growth in utilization when co-payment levels increased.Market forces resulted in a 40% reduction in the reimbursed reference price (based on the defined daily dose) of @entity1 and a 77% reduction for @entity2 from 2002 to July 2008. These price reductions helped moderate the growth in atypical expenditure in Poland despite appreciably increased utilization, especially for @entity1 . Continued moderation (or even a reduction) in the growth of expenditure on atypicals is envisaged, despite increasing utilization, as more generic formulations are launched, with further reductions in the reference price for both @entity1 and @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Market forces appear to drive down the prices of generics and originators as more atypical formulations are launched. However, alternative approaches may be needed if significant co-payment differences compromise individualized care.

title: Influence of XXXX co-payments on atypical antipsychotic choice in Poland: implications once generic atypicals are available.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Development of accurate, simple measures of body fat is essential in developing countries due to the rising prevalence of overweight and @entity1 . Application of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) to body fat prediction equations is an inexpensive method suitable for field settings. AIM: To determine percentage fat mass (%FM) of @entity3 Lankan adolescent @entity0 using Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry (FTIR) as a reference method and develop a @entity2 -prediction equation to estimate %FM. METHODS: Weight, height and @entity2 were measured and %FM determined by FTIR in 131 adolescent, post-menarcheal @entity0 (15-19 years). @entity2 were applied to available body composition equations for validation in the population. A new equation for %FM was derived and validated. RESULTS: Mean %FM (FTIR) was 19.13    8.2.Selected body composition prediction equations over-estimated %FM. The multiple regression procedure yielded a final equation consisting of two anthropometric and one demographic variable, % FM = 9.701 - (0.460)* age+(0.640)*TricepsSFT+(0.583)*Supra-iliacSFT. CONCLUSIONS: Existing @entity2 prediction-equations are unsuitable for predicting %FM in this population. The new equation utilizing one peripheral and one truncal skin-fold, is appropriate for prediction of %FM in this population and may be applicable to other South Asian/Asian-Indian adolescents following validation.

title: Body fat assessment in XXXX Lankan adolescent @entity0 ; development of a simple field tool.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Development of accurate, simple measures of body fat is essential in developing countries due to the rising prevalence of overweight and @entity1 . Application of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) to body fat prediction equations is an inexpensive method suitable for field settings. AIM: To determine percentage fat mass (%FM) of @entity3 Lankan adolescent @entity0 using Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry (FTIR) as a reference method and develop a @entity2 -prediction equation to estimate %FM. METHODS: Weight, height and @entity2 were measured and %FM determined by FTIR in 131 adolescent, post-menarcheal @entity0 (15-19 years). @entity2 were applied to available body composition equations for validation in the population. A new equation for %FM was derived and validated. RESULTS: Mean %FM (FTIR) was 19.13    8.2.Selected body composition prediction equations over-estimated %FM. The multiple regression procedure yielded a final equation consisting of two anthropometric and one demographic variable, % FM = 9.701 - (0.460)* age+(0.640)*TricepsSFT+(0.583)*Supra-iliacSFT. CONCLUSIONS: Existing @entity2 prediction-equations are unsuitable for predicting %FM in this population. The new equation utilizing one peripheral and one truncal skin-fold, is appropriate for prediction of %FM in this population and may be applicable to other South Asian/Asian-Indian adolescents following validation.

title: Body fat assessment in @entity3 Lankan adolescent XXXX ; development of a simple field tool.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of peroral pancreatoscopy in the diagnosis of @entity2 . METHODS: Both 3.7-mm (thin) and 0.8-mm (ultra-thin) diameter fiberoptic pancreatoscopes were used in 115 cases ( @entity3 , 35; @entity1 , 20; @entity0 , 60). RESULTS: Observation rates for @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity0 were, respectively, 63%, 80%, and 95%. Tumor vessels and @entity0 were observed when @entity3 was smaller than 2 cm but not when the @entity0 was larger than 2 cm. @entity4 without significant mucosal changes was observed in 62% of cases of @entity1 . Coarse mucosa and friability were observed more frequently in association with @entity3 than @entity1 . Granular mucosa or @entity0 could be observed in 74% of cases of @entity0 . @entity0 was observed with increasing frequency in cases of @entity0 as the degree of @entity0 increased. CONCLUSIONS: Peroral pancreatoscopy with an ultra-thin fiberscope is useful in the diagnosis of minute @entity2 . Peroral pancreatoscopy with a thin fiberscope can provide a definitive diagnosis of @entity0 including the degree of @entity0 .

title: Efficacy of peroral pancreatoscopy in the diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: CT is a valuable tool in diagnostic radiology but it is also associated with higher @entity0 radiation doses compared with planar radiography. The aim of this article is to review @entity0 dose for the most common types of CT examinations reported during the past 19 years. METHODS: Reported dosimetric quantities were compared with the European diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). Effective doses were assessed with respect to the publication year and scanner technology (i.e. single-slice vs multislice). RESULTS: Considerable variation of reported values among studies was attributed to variations in both examination protocol and scanner design. Median weighted CT dose index (CTDI(w)) and dose length product (DLP) are below the proposed DRLs; however, for individual studies the DRLs are exceeded. Median reported effective doses for the most frequent CT examinations were: head, 1.9 @entity1 (0.3-8.2 @entity1 ); chest, 7.5 @entity1 (0.3-26.0 @entity1 ); abdomen, 7.9 @entity1 (1.4-31.2 @entity1 ); and pelvis, 7.6 @entity1 (2.5-36.5 @entity1 ). CONCLUSION: The introduction of mechanisms for dose reduction resulted in significantly lower @entity0 effective doses for CT examinations of the head, chest and abdomen reported by studies published after 1995. Owing to the limited number of studies reporting @entity0 doses for multislice CT examinations the statistical power to detect differences with single-slice scanners is not yet adequate.

title: Adult XXXX radiation doses from non-cardiac CT examinations: a review of published results.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sports diving is a popular recreational activity. Sports divers presenting with acute @entity3 may exhibit residual neurologic and neuropsychological symptoms during follow-up, in spite of appropriate treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records was carried out for sports divers admitted to the department of neurology at Haukeland University Hospital during 1997. RESULTS: 11 out of 20 divers experienced residual @entity1 after treatment. Five responded poorly to treatment, with 50% or more residual clinical score. These @entity0 tended to be older, had performed deeper dives, and more repetitive diving. Seven divers had increased slow wave activity in EEG on initial recording, in two the EEG changes persisted after treatment. INTERPRETATION: In this small series of sports divers with @entity3 and @entity2 , most @entity1 responded to hyperbaric treatment. However, more than one half of the divers had residual @entity1 on discharge. Sensory loss and asymmetrical reflexes were the most common residual findings.

title: [Neurologic XXXX in sports divers].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Mouse @entity0 ( @entity0 ) were prepared against @entity2 inflammatory macrophages for the purpose of analyzing macrophage heterogeneity. Macrophage-rich adherent peritoneal exudate cells harvested from Cornell K-strain @entity2 42 hr after stimulation with Sephadex were used as immunogens in the production of the @entity0 . Eight hybridoma clones producing antibodies reactive with @entity2 peritoneal macrophages were subjected to characterization. While six of the @entity0 cross-reacted with various hematopoietic cell types, two @entity0 (CMTD-1 and -2) were restricted in reactivity to macrophages. CMTD-1 was found to react with activated peritoneal macrophages generated by several irritants. In contrast, CMTD-2 identified a subpopulation of macrophages elicited by specific @entity4 -based stimulants. This presumably was based on the cross-reaction of this MCA with specific @entity4 linkages. Analysis using flow cytometry revealed the time-dependent appearance of CMTD-2-positive peritoneal macrophages between 24 and 52 hr after ip Sephadex injection. This subpopulation of peritoneal macrophages was found to be heterogeneous for the ability to undergo in vitro phagocytosis of @entity1 erythrocytes. CMTD-2-positive cells were also detected in the thyroids of 2-week-old Obese strain @entity2 with spontaneous @entity3 and at a low incidence in the spleens of normal @entity2 .

title: Monoclonal antibodies reactive with XXXX peritoneal macrophages: identification of macrophage heterogeneity.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study 1-, 5- and 10-year risks of peptic ulcer rebleeding among @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 with regular haemodialysis, to identify the high-risk subpopulation, and to estimate the number needed to harm (NNH) to increase a peptic ulcer rebleeding in different periods. DESIGN: A nationwide cohort study. SETTING: Data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. @entity0 : Uraemic cohort and matched controls were selected from among hospitalised @entity0 with a primary diagnosis of peptic @entity2 . In total, 6447 uraemic @entity0 and 25,788 age-, gender- and gastroprotective agent use-matched controls were selected. Intervention No. Main outcome measures Cumulative incidences and HRs. RESULTS: The cumulative incidences of @entity1 @entity0 were significantly higher than the cumulative incidences of matched controls (1 year: 18.8% vs 14.2%; 5 years: 38.5% vs 31.4%; and 10 years: 46.3% vs 39.4%; all p<0.001). The NNH to increase a peptic ulcer rebleeding by @entity1 at 1, 5 and 10 years were 22, 15 and 15, respectively. On multivariate analysis, @entity1 (HR=1.38, p<0.0001) was an independent risk factor for rebleeding. Compared with matched controls, @entity1 was associated with higher risk of rebleeding especially in @entity0 using ulcerogenic agents (HR=1.33-1.45), indication to prescribe gastroprotective agents (HR=1.44) and with @entity3 (HR=1.45). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 @entity0 had higher long-term risk of peptic ulcer rebleeding, especially in certain populations. The enhanced risk gradually decreased after the first year and stabilised after the fifth year.

title: Long-term peptic ulcer rebleeding risk estimation in XXXX undergoing haemodialysis: a 10-year nationwide cohort study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We report six @entity0 with array deletions encompassing 12q14. Out of a total of 2538 array investigations carried out on @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity8 in three diagnostic testing centres, six positive cases yielded a frequency of 1 in 423 for this deletion syndrome. The deleted region in each of the six cases overlaps significantly with previously reported cases with microdeletions of this region. The chromosomal range of the deletions extends from 12q13.3q15. In the current study, we report overlapping deletions of variable extent and size but primarily comprising chromosomal bands 12q13.3q14.1. Four of the six deletions were confirmed as de novo events. Two cases had deletions that included @entity10 , and both @entity0 had significant @entity6 . Neither case had @entity12 despite both being deleted for @entity13 . Four cases had deletions that ended proximal to @entity10 and all of these had much better growth. Five cases had @entity9 , including two with @entity1 , one each with @entity5 , @entity4 and a patent ductus. Four cases had moderate delay, two had severe @entity3 and a further two had a diagnosis of @entity7 . All six cases had significant @entity11 with @entity2 .

title: The 12q14 microdeletion syndrome: six new cases confirming the role of XXXX in growth.

answer: @entity10


abstract: An autopsy case of 23-years-old @entity0 with @entity12 ( @entity10 ), who had died by @entity8 due to @entity5 , was reported. @entity10 was constituted by @entity9 , @entity13 , hypomentia, @entity3 and other @entity6 , however, @entity6 had not been reported. The @entity0 sat at 3 years of age, walked at 4 years old, began to utter single words at 3-4 years, and he began to obese at 4 years of age. He fulfilled the condition of @entity10 mentioned above. On his age 15, laboratory findings on admission revealed remarkable @entity1 pattern by oral @entity7 tolerance test and intelligence quotient was 28, and the other laboratory findings were within normal limit. During his clinical history, complications of @entity1 , such as @entity1 and @entity2 , were aggrevated, and upstanding and gait were impossible at 20 years of age. On his age 23, he suffered from @entity5 at left lower extremity and he fell in @entity8 . Five autopsy cases of @entity10 have been reported so far, however, @entity6 has not been observed. Following anomalies in our case was recognized, such as @entity4 , partial @entity14 of the dentate nucleus, @entity11 of the inferior olivary nucleus, ectopia of Purkinje cell in the molecular layer, @entity11 of middle sized neuron in the deep white matter of the cerebellum and large number of residual nerve cells in the cerebral subcortical white matter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [An autopsy case of XXXX ].

answer: @entity12


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar radicular @entity2 pathophysiology continues to be the subject of research and debate as @entity2 is increasingly seen as a cause of non-specific @entity7 . Among non-surgical methods used to manage @entity7 with or without disc herniation, epidural injections are one of the most common modalities. However, there is little evidence utilizing contemporary methodology for using epidural injections in @entity0 with @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial. SETTING: An interventional @entity2 management practice, a specialty referral center, a private practice setting in the United States. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic, with or without @entity3 , in managing @entity7 without disc herniation or @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 120 @entity0 were assigned to one of 2 groups. Group I @entity0 received caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic ( @entity9 0.5% 10 mL); Group II @entity0 received caudal epidural injections with 9 mL of 0.5% @entity9 mixed with 1 mL of @entity1 (either brand name or non-particulate @entity10 [6 mg] or @entity8 [40 mg]). Computer-generated randomization and random allocation sequence by simple randomization were the randomization techniques utilized. OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT: Multiple outcome measures were utilized which included the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the @entity5 Index 2.0 (ODI), employment status, functional status, and opioid intake at 3, 6, and 12 months post treatment. Significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement were described as a 50% or more reduction in scores from baseline. RESULTS: Significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement were observed in 55% of the @entity0 in Group I and 68% of the @entity0 in Group II. In contrast, 84% of @entity0 in Group I and 85% in Group II saw significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement in the successful group (62% in Group I and 68% in Group II). The average procedures per year were 3.8    0.9 for Group I and 4.3    0.9 for Group II. Average @entity2 scores decreased from 8.0    0.9 to 4.3    1.79 for Group I and from 7.9    1.0 to 3.8    1.59 for Group II. There were no differences among the @entity0 receiving one of the 3 @entity3 . LIMITATIONS: The results of this study are limited by lack of a placebo group. CONCLUSION: Caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic with or without @entity3 are effective in @entity0 with @entity7 of discogenic origin without facet @entity2 , @entity6 .

title: One-year results of a randomized, double-blind, active controlled trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections with or without @entity3 in managing chronic XXXX without disc herniation or @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar radicular @entity2 pathophysiology continues to be the subject of research and debate as @entity2 is increasingly seen as a cause of non-specific @entity7 . Among non-surgical methods used to manage @entity7 with or without disc herniation, epidural injections are one of the most common modalities. However, there is little evidence utilizing contemporary methodology for using epidural injections in @entity0 with @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial. SETTING: An interventional @entity2 management practice, a specialty referral center, a private practice setting in the United States. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic, with or without @entity3 , in managing @entity7 without disc herniation or @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 120 @entity0 were assigned to one of 2 groups. Group I @entity0 received caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic ( @entity9 0.5% 10 mL); Group II @entity0 received caudal epidural injections with 9 mL of 0.5% @entity9 mixed with 1 mL of @entity1 (either brand name or non-particulate @entity10 [6 mg] or @entity8 [40 mg]). Computer-generated randomization and random allocation sequence by simple randomization were the randomization techniques utilized. OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT: Multiple outcome measures were utilized which included the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the @entity5 Index 2.0 (ODI), employment status, functional status, and opioid intake at 3, 6, and 12 months post treatment. Significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement were described as a 50% or more reduction in scores from baseline. RESULTS: Significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement were observed in 55% of the @entity0 in Group I and 68% of the @entity0 in Group II. In contrast, 84% of @entity0 in Group I and 85% in Group II saw significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement in the successful group (62% in Group I and 68% in Group II). The average procedures per year were 3.8    0.9 for Group I and 4.3    0.9 for Group II. Average @entity2 scores decreased from 8.0    0.9 to 4.3    1.79 for Group I and from 7.9    1.0 to 3.8    1.59 for Group II. There were no differences among the @entity0 receiving one of the 3 @entity3 . LIMITATIONS: The results of this study are limited by lack of a placebo group. CONCLUSION: Caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic with or without @entity3 are effective in @entity0 with @entity7 of discogenic origin without facet @entity2 , @entity6 .

title: One-year results of a randomized, double-blind, active controlled trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections with or without @entity3 in managing chronic @entity7 without disc herniation or XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar radicular @entity2 pathophysiology continues to be the subject of research and debate as @entity2 is increasingly seen as a cause of non-specific @entity7 . Among non-surgical methods used to manage @entity7 with or without disc herniation, epidural injections are one of the most common modalities. However, there is little evidence utilizing contemporary methodology for using epidural injections in @entity0 with @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial. SETTING: An interventional @entity2 management practice, a specialty referral center, a private practice setting in the United States. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic, with or without @entity3 , in managing @entity7 without disc herniation or @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 120 @entity0 were assigned to one of 2 groups. Group I @entity0 received caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic ( @entity9 0.5% 10 mL); Group II @entity0 received caudal epidural injections with 9 mL of 0.5% @entity9 mixed with 1 mL of @entity1 (either brand name or non-particulate @entity10 [6 mg] or @entity8 [40 mg]). Computer-generated randomization and random allocation sequence by simple randomization were the randomization techniques utilized. OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT: Multiple outcome measures were utilized which included the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the @entity5 Index 2.0 (ODI), employment status, functional status, and opioid intake at 3, 6, and 12 months post treatment. Significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement were described as a 50% or more reduction in scores from baseline. RESULTS: Significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement were observed in 55% of the @entity0 in Group I and 68% of the @entity0 in Group II. In contrast, 84% of @entity0 in Group I and 85% in Group II saw significant @entity2 relief and functional status improvement in the successful group (62% in Group I and 68% in Group II). The average procedures per year were 3.8    0.9 for Group I and 4.3    0.9 for Group II. Average @entity2 scores decreased from 8.0    0.9 to 4.3    1.79 for Group I and from 7.9    1.0 to 3.8    1.59 for Group II. There were no differences among the @entity0 receiving one of the 3 @entity3 . LIMITATIONS: The results of this study are limited by lack of a placebo group. CONCLUSION: Caudal epidural injections with local anesthetic with or without @entity3 are effective in @entity0 with @entity7 of discogenic origin without facet @entity2 , @entity6 .

title: One-year results of a randomized, double-blind, active controlled trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections with or without XXXX in managing chronic @entity7 without disc herniation or @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and contrast sensitivity in adults with early- or late-onset strabismic @entity1 . METHODS: Twelve adults with early- and 12 with late-onset strabismic @entity1 with similar ranges of visual acuity were studied. Pattern-onset VEPs to 30-minute checks were recorded at a range of contrast levels. @entity0 ( @entity0 ) was measured at 3.2 cyc/deg using a two-alternative, forced-choice staircase method. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in VEP CII latency or amplitude between amblyopic and fellow eyes across all contrast levels for the early-onset group, but in the late-onset group, CII latencies were significantly longer and amplitudes smaller in the amblyopic eye. CII responses in both amblyopic and fellow eyes of the early-onset amblyopes were of significantly shorter latency and smaller amplitude than normal. In the late-onset group the CII responses from the amblyopic eye were of significantly increased latency and reduced amplitude compared with normal, whereas latency and amplitude of fellow eye responses did not differ significantly from normal. Late-onset amblyopes showed reduced @entity0 across the central field for the amblyopic eye, but increased @entity0 for the fellow eye compared with normal. In the early-onset group, central @entity0 did not differ between amblyopic and fellow eyes or from normal. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences in the electrophysiological and psychophysical characteristics of adults with early- and late-onset strabismic @entity1 .

title: Electrophysiological and psychophysical differences between early- and late-onset strabismic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity0 were developed that express @entity1 -controlled transactivator 1 (tTA1) specifically in photoreceptor cells. In these @entity0 the transcription of the gene of interest can be easily inactivated in the retina in a short time frame. METHODS: A construct was prepared containing tTA1 under control of the @entity0 @entity3 regulatory region. This construct was used for the generation of @entity0 . In situ hybridization was performed to study the distribution of the transactivator in the retina. The activity of the transactivator was analyzed by mating the lines with a luciferase reporter transgenic @entity0 . tTA1 activity and @entity4 's ability to block it were analyzed by luciferase assay. The effects of tTA1 on the retina were assessed by histology and electrophysiology. RESULTS: Two transgenic lines were developed that specifically express tTA1 in photoreceptor cells. The time course of transgene expression replicated transcription of endogenous @entity3 . tTA1 was not toxic to the retina. Transactivator activity was blocked readily by @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: An expression system for photoreceptor cells was generated to drive transcription in a cell-specific and time-controllable manner. This system is suitable for the study of factors involved in retinal biology and of mutant forms of genes involved in @entity2 .

title: An in vivo XXXX -controlled expression system for functional studies of the retina.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Most frequent methods of @entity4 deviation operative treatment are @entity4 corporoplastics after Schr  der and Nesbit. The @entity4 corporoplastics can be followed by early complications ( @entity3 from the @entity4 , recrudescent deviation due to suture cut-out, reduced or extinct sensitivity of the @entity4 head as a result of n. dorsalis @entity1 , etc.) or tardy ones (scarring phymosis, recrudescent deviation due to the scar, etc.). The objective of the study is to assess the quality of the @entity0 ' life after the operation ( @entity4 corporoplastics after Schr  der) and any possible @entity2 . The medical documentation of twelve @entity0 , who were operated in the aforesaid manner at Kaunas 2(nd) Clinical Hospital and Kaunas Clinics of General Medical Practice in 1994-2001, was checked. Before the operation all the @entity0 had @entity4 deviation diagnosed (two ventral, two lateral and five mixed) resulting from @entity5 . The indication for the operation of all the @entity0 was aggravated intercourse. None of the @entity0 showed early @entity2 . When the @entity0 were checked 6 months and 1 year later there were no tardy @entity2 , either. All the @entity0 were satisfied with the quality of life after the operation - there was no deviation, the erection and intercourse were normal. Penis corporoplastics after Schr  der is a proper method to be used for correction of inherent @entity4 deviations.

title: [Penis deviation correction using Schr  der's method and XXXX ' postoperative quality of life].

answer: @entity0


abstract: THE AIM OF WORK: To describe laparoscopic method of treatment of female stress @entity1 , indications and contraindications for this operation, to show the first results of this operation in Lithuania, to find out the advantages of this method in comparison with open classical operations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten @entity0 were operated on laparoscopically in the period 1999-2001 due to stress @entity1 . The original Burch operation with sutures was performed for two @entity0 , in 8 cases the colposuspension was performed using ligaments (prolene mesh). Transperitoneal colposuspension was performed in 9 cases, extraperitoneal - in one case. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed simultaneously for 3 @entity0 . The average time of hospitalization was 7 days, postoperative stay - 4 days. Catheter in urine bladder was removed after three days, in two cases the remaining urine was observed. RESULTS: Postoperatively in 9 cases the cystocele has disappeared, in one case the recurrence of cystocele was observed. Three months after laparoscopic colposuspension, results as very good were evaluated in 8 cases, good - in one case, satisfactory - in one case (urine continence, imperative urination with minimal urine flow). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic colposuspension - effective method of treatment of stress @entity1 , having more advantages in comparison with open operations: shorter time of hospitalization, good postoperative results. The operation is safe, esthetic, with no postoperative @entity2 . It is an interesting alternative for open operations.

title: [Laparoscopic colposuspension - effective, minimally invasive method of treatment of female XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The contamination of beach waters occurs from the discharge of storm water and sanitary sewer overflows containing faecal material. Additional faecal material derives from discharge of animals and waterfowl. In order to protect public from exposure to faecal-contaminated water, it is required to test enteric indicators in beach water. The problem is that the traditional culture-based methods cannot meet this goal because it takes too long (>24 h), so the results are not available until a day later. A rapid method for testing beach water for @entity0 within 1 h has been developed. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 bioluminescence were used for selective capture and quantification, respectively. This rapid method was compared to the current method (m-TEC) using beach water samples. The beach samples were prefiltered with a 20 microm pore size filter in order to remove algae, plant debris and large particles. The results showed that the prefiltration step did not trap the bacteria which were present in the original water samples. The prefiltered water was then passed through a 0.45 microm pore size filter for concentration. The deposited bacteria were resuspended and then mixed with superparamagnetic @entity1 beads (diameter of 0.6 microm) that were coated with E. coli antibodies. After @entity3 , the quantification of the @entity0 was done by @entity2 bioluminescence. The results obtained with @entity3 - @entity2 bioluminescence correlated well with the plate count method (Rsq = 0.93). The detection limit of the assay was about 20 CFU/100 mL, which is well below the US EPA limits for recreational water. The entire procedure can be completed in less than 1 hour. The necessary equipment is portable and was tested on-site.

title: Detection of XXXX in beach water within 1 hour using immunomagnetic separation and @entity2 bioluminescence.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The contamination of beach waters occurs from the discharge of storm water and sanitary sewer overflows containing faecal material. Additional faecal material derives from discharge of animals and waterfowl. In order to protect public from exposure to faecal-contaminated water, it is required to test enteric indicators in beach water. The problem is that the traditional culture-based methods cannot meet this goal because it takes too long (>24 h), so the results are not available until a day later. A rapid method for testing beach water for @entity0 within 1 h has been developed. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 bioluminescence were used for selective capture and quantification, respectively. This rapid method was compared to the current method (m-TEC) using beach water samples. The beach samples were prefiltered with a 20 microm pore size filter in order to remove algae, plant debris and large particles. The results showed that the prefiltration step did not trap the bacteria which were present in the original water samples. The prefiltered water was then passed through a 0.45 microm pore size filter for concentration. The deposited bacteria were resuspended and then mixed with superparamagnetic @entity1 beads (diameter of 0.6 microm) that were coated with E. coli antibodies. After @entity3 , the quantification of the @entity0 was done by @entity2 bioluminescence. The results obtained with @entity3 - @entity2 bioluminescence correlated well with the plate count method (Rsq = 0.93). The detection limit of the assay was about 20 CFU/100 mL, which is well below the US EPA limits for recreational water. The entire procedure can be completed in less than 1 hour. The necessary equipment is portable and was tested on-site.

title: Detection of @entity0 in beach water within 1 hour using immunomagnetic separation and XXXX bioluminescence.

answer: @entity2