abstract: The precursor (pmAspAT) and mature ( @entity5 ) forms of mitochondrial @entity1 aminotransferase interact with hsp70 very early during translation when synthesized in either @entity0 reticulocyte lysate or @entity4 germ extract (Lain, B., Iriarte, A., and Martinez-Carrion. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 15588-15596). The nature of the structural elements responsible for recognition and binding of this protein to hsp70 has been studied by examining the folding and potential association with the chaperone of several engineered forms of this enzyme. Whereas pmAspAT and @entity5 bind hsp70 very early during translation, the cytosolic form of this enzyme (cAspAT) does not interact with hsp70. A fusion protein consisting of the mitochondrial presequence peptide attached to the @entity2 terminus of cAspAT associates with hsp70 only after the protein has acquired its native-like conformation, apparently through binding to the presequence exposed on the surface of the folded protein. Deletion of the @entity2 -terminal segment of @entity5 or its replacement with the corresponding domain from the cytosolic isozyme eliminates the cotranslational binding of hsp70 to the mitochondrial protein. We conclude that both the presequence and @entity3 -terminal region of pmAspAT represent recognition signals for binding of hsp70 to the newly synthesized mitochondrial precursor. Results from competition studies with synthetic peptides support this conclusion. The ability of hsp70 to discriminate between these two highly homologous proteins probably involves the recognition of specific sequence elements in the @entity3 -terminal portion of the mitochondrial protein and may relate to their separate localization in the cell. A slower folding rate and higher affinity for cytosolic chaperones may represent evolutionary adaptations of translocated mitochondrial proteins to ensure their efficient importation into the organelle.

title: Structural features of the precursor to mitochondrial XXXX aminotransferase responsible for binding to hsp70.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate if a comprehensive supragingival control can modify the periodontal risk and suggested recall interval over time, using an adaptation of an available model of periodontal risk assessment (PRA, Perio-Tools   website). METHOD AND MATERIALS: Single-arm clinical trial data (visible plaque and @entity2 indexes, periodontal probing depth, @entity2 on probing, and clinical attachment level from baseline (day 0, T0), day 30 (T1), and day 180 (T2) from 50 moderate-to-severe @entity3 @entity0 (25 never-smokers; 25 smokers) submitted to a comprehensive @entity1 control regimen for 180 days were subjected to a secondary analysis using an adaptation of the PRA. The periodontal risk (high, medium, or low) and suggested recall interval were calculated per @entity0 and at each experimental time. General linear models and the Cochran test were used for statistical analysis, considering the dependence of the data. RESULTS: All @entity0 were at high risk at baseline. At T1, 20% migrated to medium-risk (P = .002). At T2, 38% and 8% exhibited medium- and low-risk, respectively (P  <= .001). The reduction between T1 and T2 was significant (P = .001). The mean recall interval increased from 3.0    0.0 (T0) to 3.6    1.2 (T1), and 4.9    2.6 months at T2 (P < .003). The effect that smoking habit exerted on risk was limited to the first 30 days, and no effect on recall interval was observed. CONCLUSION: The oral hygiene condition is an important indicator that influences the risk and the recall interval over time, thus deserving attention when evaluating the individual periodontal prognosis.

title: Periodontal risk and recall interval evaluation after a program of comprehensive XXXX control.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgery has been the treatment of choice for @entity0 with localized @entity4 . Several studies have investigated whether preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery leads to improvement in cure rates, but individual reports have provided conflicting results. An explicit systematic update of the role of preoperative chemotherapy in the treatment of @entity0 with resectable @entity4 is, therefore, warranted. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review is to determine the role of preoperative chemotherapy in the treatment of @entity0 with resectable @entity4 . SEARCH METHODS: We identified trials by searching the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (1966 to 2013), EMBASE (1988 to 2013), and CANCERLIT (1993 to 2013). We did not confine our search to English language publications. We updated searches in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE in October 2013. SELECTION CRITERIA: All trials of @entity0 with potentially resectable @entity3 (of any histologic type) who were randomly assigned to chemotherapy or no chemotherapy before surgery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The primary outcome was survival, which was assessed with the use of hazard ratios. This is an amendment to the original review, which used risk ratios to assess survival at yearly intervals. Hazard ratios (HRs) have now been introduced to summarize the complete survival experience in a single analysis. Risk ratios (RRs) were used to compare rates of resection, @entity1 recurrences, and treatment morbidity and mortality. MAIN RESULTS: We identified a total of 13 randomized trials involving 2362 @entity0 . Ten trials (2122 @entity0 ) reported sufficient detail on survival to be included in a meta-analysis for the primary outcome. Preoperative chemotherapy improves overall survival (HR 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80 to 0.96) and is associated with a significantly higher rate of complete (R0) resection (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.19).No evidence suggests that the overall rate of resection (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.01), @entity1 recurrence (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.22) or nonfatal complications (RR 0.90; 95% CI 0.76 to 1.06) was different for preoperative chemotherapy compared with surgery alone. Trials reported risks of @entity2 with chemotherapy that ranged from 11% to 90%. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: In summary, preoperative chemotherapy plus surgery offers a survival advantage compared with surgery alone for @entity0 with resectable @entity4 , but the evidence is of moderate quality. Some evidence of @entity2 and preoperative mortality have been associated with chemotherapy.

title: Preoperative chemotherapy for resectable XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To prepare the monoclonal antibody of @entity4 @entity3 -rich protein, and analyze the roles of semi-solid culture technique and screening strategies in the preparation of monoclonal antibodies. METHODS: BALB/c @entity1 was immunized with the recombinant antigen of @entity4 @entity3 -rich protein (rePf-HRP). The spleen cells of immunized @entity1 were fused with SP20 cells. The fused cells were cultured in semi-solid medium containing 2% methylcellulose to promote colony growth. The single cell clone was transferred to a liquid medium. Testing methods for screening culture supernatant was established based on the immune antigen and other related antigens. The positive cell clones by coarse screening and specific screening were preserved in liquid @entity2 . The positive cell lines were used for ascite antibody preparation, identification of IgG subclass, recognition sites, antibody affinity and application analysis on sensitivity of detecting antigen. RESULTS: A total of 915 cell clones were obtained in semi-solid culture after cell fusion. The positive rate by coarse screening was 37.8% (346/915). The positive rate of specific screening accounted for only 2.6% (9/346) of the coarse screening-positive clones, 0.98% (9/915) of the total number of clones. Eight specific antibody-secreting cell clones were obtained after liquid @entity2 frozen recovery tests. After further detection, 2 specific cell clones could be used as a pair of antibody for rapid detecting circulating antigen in the blood of @entity0 with @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Semi-solid culture method can provide enough fused cells for screening. Combined strategy of coarse and specific screening ensures the rapid selection of specific clones.

title: [Application of Semi-solid Culture and Rapid Screening Strategy in the Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody against XXXX @entity3 -rich Protein].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To prepare the monoclonal antibody of @entity4 @entity3 -rich protein, and analyze the roles of semi-solid culture technique and screening strategies in the preparation of monoclonal antibodies. METHODS: BALB/c @entity1 was immunized with the recombinant antigen of @entity4 @entity3 -rich protein (rePf-HRP). The spleen cells of immunized @entity1 were fused with SP20 cells. The fused cells were cultured in semi-solid medium containing 2% methylcellulose to promote colony growth. The single cell clone was transferred to a liquid medium. Testing methods for screening culture supernatant was established based on the immune antigen and other related antigens. The positive cell clones by coarse screening and specific screening were preserved in liquid @entity2 . The positive cell lines were used for ascite antibody preparation, identification of IgG subclass, recognition sites, antibody affinity and application analysis on sensitivity of detecting antigen. RESULTS: A total of 915 cell clones were obtained in semi-solid culture after cell fusion. The positive rate by coarse screening was 37.8% (346/915). The positive rate of specific screening accounted for only 2.6% (9/346) of the coarse screening-positive clones, 0.98% (9/915) of the total number of clones. Eight specific antibody-secreting cell clones were obtained after liquid @entity2 frozen recovery tests. After further detection, 2 specific cell clones could be used as a pair of antibody for rapid detecting circulating antigen in the blood of @entity0 with @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Semi-solid culture method can provide enough fused cells for screening. Combined strategy of coarse and specific screening ensures the rapid selection of specific clones.

title: [Application of Semi-solid Culture and Rapid Screening Strategy in the Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody against @entity4 XXXX -rich Protein].

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: rIX-FP is a @entity2 (recombinant), albumin fusion protein with more than fivefold half-life prolongation over other standard @entity2 ( @entity2 ) products available on the market. AIM: This prospective phase II, open-label study evaluated the safety and efficacy of rIX-FP for the prevention of @entity1 episodes during weekly prophylaxis and assessed the haemostatic efficacy for on-demand treatment of @entity1 episodes in previously treated @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: The study consisted of a 10-14  day evaluation of rIX-FP pharmacokinetics (PK), and an 11  month safety and efficacy evaluation period with subjects receiving weekly prophylaxis treatment. Safety was evaluated by the occurrence of related adverse events, and immunogenic events, including development of inhibitors. Efficacy was evaluated by annualized spontaneous @entity1 rate (AsBR), and the number of injections to achieve haemostasis. RESULTS: Seventeen subjects participated in the study, 13 received weekly prophylaxis and 4 received episodic treatment only. No inhibitors were detected in any subject. The mean and median AsBR were 1.25, and 1.13 respectively in the weekly prophylaxis arm. All @entity1 episodes were treated with 1 or 2 injections of rIX-FP. Three prophylaxis subjects who were treated on demand prior to study entry had >85% reduction in AsBR compared to the @entity1 rate prior to study entry. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the efficacy for weekly routine prophylaxis of rIX-FP to prevent spontaneous @entity1 episodes and for the treatment of @entity1 episodes. In addition no safety issues were detected during the study and an improved PK profile was demonstrated.

title: Results of a phase I/II open-label, safety and efficacy trial of XXXX (recombinant), albumin fusion protein in @entity3 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: rIX-FP is a @entity2 (recombinant), albumin fusion protein with more than fivefold half-life prolongation over other standard @entity2 ( @entity2 ) products available on the market. AIM: This prospective phase II, open-label study evaluated the safety and efficacy of rIX-FP for the prevention of @entity1 episodes during weekly prophylaxis and assessed the haemostatic efficacy for on-demand treatment of @entity1 episodes in previously treated @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: The study consisted of a 10-14  day evaluation of rIX-FP pharmacokinetics (PK), and an 11  month safety and efficacy evaluation period with subjects receiving weekly prophylaxis treatment. Safety was evaluated by the occurrence of related adverse events, and immunogenic events, including development of inhibitors. Efficacy was evaluated by annualized spontaneous @entity1 rate (AsBR), and the number of injections to achieve haemostasis. RESULTS: Seventeen subjects participated in the study, 13 received weekly prophylaxis and 4 received episodic treatment only. No inhibitors were detected in any subject. The mean and median AsBR were 1.25, and 1.13 respectively in the weekly prophylaxis arm. All @entity1 episodes were treated with 1 or 2 injections of rIX-FP. Three prophylaxis subjects who were treated on demand prior to study entry had >85% reduction in AsBR compared to the @entity1 rate prior to study entry. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the efficacy for weekly routine prophylaxis of rIX-FP to prevent spontaneous @entity1 episodes and for the treatment of @entity1 episodes. In addition no safety issues were detected during the study and an improved PK profile was demonstrated.

title: Results of a phase I/II open-label, safety and efficacy trial of @entity2 (recombinant), albumin fusion protein in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: rIX-FP is a @entity2 (recombinant), albumin fusion protein with more than fivefold half-life prolongation over other standard @entity2 ( @entity2 ) products available on the market. AIM: This prospective phase II, open-label study evaluated the safety and efficacy of rIX-FP for the prevention of @entity1 episodes during weekly prophylaxis and assessed the haemostatic efficacy for on-demand treatment of @entity1 episodes in previously treated @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: The study consisted of a 10-14  day evaluation of rIX-FP pharmacokinetics (PK), and an 11  month safety and efficacy evaluation period with subjects receiving weekly prophylaxis treatment. Safety was evaluated by the occurrence of related adverse events, and immunogenic events, including development of inhibitors. Efficacy was evaluated by annualized spontaneous @entity1 rate (AsBR), and the number of injections to achieve haemostasis. RESULTS: Seventeen subjects participated in the study, 13 received weekly prophylaxis and 4 received episodic treatment only. No inhibitors were detected in any subject. The mean and median AsBR were 1.25, and 1.13 respectively in the weekly prophylaxis arm. All @entity1 episodes were treated with 1 or 2 injections of rIX-FP. Three prophylaxis subjects who were treated on demand prior to study entry had >85% reduction in AsBR compared to the @entity1 rate prior to study entry. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the efficacy for weekly routine prophylaxis of rIX-FP to prevent spontaneous @entity1 episodes and for the treatment of @entity1 episodes. In addition no safety issues were detected during the study and an improved PK profile was demonstrated.

title: Results of a phase I/II open-label, safety and efficacy trial of @entity2 (recombinant), albumin fusion protein in @entity3 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aortic valve interstitial cell (AVIC) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity1 . In response to proinflammatory stimulation, the AVIC undergoes a phenotypic change from that of a myofibroblast phenotype to that of osteoblast-like cell. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been identified as an important inhibitor of @entity2 . We therefore hypothesized that @entity4 expression is reduced in diseased AVICs, and loss of this protective protein contributes to @entity3 of the aortic valve. Our purpose was to compare @entity4 expression in normal versus diseased AVICs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity0 AVICs were isolated from normal aortic valves from explanted hearts (n  =  6) at the time of heart transplantation. AVICs were also isolated from calcified, diseased valves of @entity0 (n  =  6) undergoing aortic valve replacement. AVICs were grown in culture until they reached passages 2-6 before experimentation. Immunofluorescent staining, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to compare levels of @entity4 in normal and diseased AVICs. Statistics were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test (P  <  0.05). RESULTS: @entity4 expression was significantly decreased in diseased AVICs relative to normal AVICs by immunofluorescent staining, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CONCLUSIONS: An important anti- @entity3 defense mechanism is deficient in calcified aortic valves. @entity4 expression is significantly lower in diseased relative to normal AVICs. Lack of this important "anti- @entity3 " protein may contribute to @entity3 of the aortic valve.

title: Matrix Gla protein regulates XXXX of the aortic valve.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Among 172 cases of coronary artery bypass grafting, 9 cases (5%) revealed severely @entity2 ascending aorta. In 3 of the 9 cases, total aortic cross-clamping in the distal anastomoses of saphenous vein graft (SVG) and partial aortic clamp in the proximal anastomoses of SVG were performed. In 1 case with this technique, @entity1 was occurred. In 4 cases, total aortic cross-clamping in the distal and proximal anastomoses of SVG was performed. In 2 of these cases with this technique, @entity1 were occurred. Hypothermic @entity3 was performed in 2 of the rest. In one case that was predicted to have @entity2 of ascending aorta prior to operation, the left internal thoracic artery was anastomosed to the left anterior descending, and SVG to the right coronary artery with @entity5 and @entity4 . And during the proximal anastomoses of SVG, hypothermic @entity3 without aortic clamping was initiated. In another case, @entity2 of ascending aorta was noted after aortic cross-clamping. Then the aorta was declamped, hypothermic @entity3 was established, the aorta was opened, the diseased segment was resected, and proximal anastomoses of SVG was performed to Dacron patch which was implanted for aortic wall. There were no @entity1 in last two @entity0 .

title: [Coronary artery bypass grafting in cases with the XXXX ascending aorta].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of probiotics to treat @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: Publications from database including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, CBM and WanFang Data were searched up to August 31, 2014. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on probiotics to treat @entity2 were eligible. The related articles were extracted and cross-checked independently by two reviewers. Methodological quality of trials was evaluated according to Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 criteria. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.2 software. RESULTS: A total of 17 RCTs involving 1 700 @entity0 were included. Results of meta-analyses showed that compared with the placebo, probiotics was statistically better in improving the overall symptoms integral ( @entity3 = -0.20, 95% CI -0.33--0.07, P = 0.002), alleviating @entity1 /discomfort ( @entity3 = -0.19, 95% CI -0.29--0.09, P<0.001), relieving abdominal distention ( @entity3 = -0.16, 95% CI -0.28--0.03, P = 0.020), and defecation discomfort ( @entity3 = -0.22, 95% CI -0.42--0.02, P = 0.030). There was no statistical significance in the overall quality of life ( @entity3 = -0.08, 95% CI -0.07-0.23, P = 0.290) and adverse effect ratio (RR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.79-1.49, P = 0.630). CONCLUSION: Probiotics have beneficial effects on @entity2 , which can improve the @entity0 ' symptoms and with less adverse reaction. Due to the bias, further large-scale, multicenter and high-quality RCTs are required to unify outcome indicators, further define sensitive strain, and standardize its usage, dosage and course of treatment.

title: [A meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Even though @entity3 is frequently observed in cardiac population outcome data after cardiac surgery in malnourished @entity0 is very rare. No thorough research was done concerning the impact of @entity3 on neuropsychological outcomes after cardiac surgery. The aim of our study was to analyze the incidence of @entity1 development in malnourished @entity0 undergoing on pump bypass grafting. METHODS: We performed a cohort study of adults admitted to Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics for elective coronary artery bypass grafting. The nutritional status of the @entity0 was assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) questionnaire the day before surgery. @entity0 were considered as having no risk of @entity3 when NRS-2002 score was less than 3 and at risk of @entity3 when NRS-2002 score was >= 3. During ICU stay @entity0 were screened for @entity1 development using the CAM-ICU method. and divided into two groups: @entity2 and non @entity2 . The statistical analysis was preformed to evaluate the differences between the two independent groups. The logistic regression model was used to evaluate the potential preoperative and intraoperative risk factors of @entity1 . RESULTS: Ninety-nine @entity0 were enrolled in the study. Preoperative risk of @entity3 was detected in 24 % (n = 24) of the @entity0 . The incidence of early @entity1 in overall study population was 8.0 % (n = 8). The incidence of the @entity0 at risk of @entity3 was significantly higher in the @entity2 group (5 (62.5 %) vs 19 (20.9 %), p <0.0191). In multivariate logistic regression analysis risk of @entity3 defined by NRS 2002 was an independent preoperative and intraoperative risk factor of @entity1 after coronary artery bypass grafting (OR: 6.316, 95 % CI: 1.384-28.819 p = 0.0173). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative @entity3 is common in @entity0 undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Nutrition deprivation is associated with early @entity1 after on pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

title: Impact of XXXX on @entity1 development after on pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Even though @entity3 is frequently observed in cardiac population outcome data after cardiac surgery in malnourished @entity0 is very rare. No thorough research was done concerning the impact of @entity3 on neuropsychological outcomes after cardiac surgery. The aim of our study was to analyze the incidence of @entity1 development in malnourished @entity0 undergoing on pump bypass grafting. METHODS: We performed a cohort study of adults admitted to Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics for elective coronary artery bypass grafting. The nutritional status of the @entity0 was assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) questionnaire the day before surgery. @entity0 were considered as having no risk of @entity3 when NRS-2002 score was less than 3 and at risk of @entity3 when NRS-2002 score was >= 3. During ICU stay @entity0 were screened for @entity1 development using the CAM-ICU method. and divided into two groups: @entity2 and non @entity2 . The statistical analysis was preformed to evaluate the differences between the two independent groups. The logistic regression model was used to evaluate the potential preoperative and intraoperative risk factors of @entity1 . RESULTS: Ninety-nine @entity0 were enrolled in the study. Preoperative risk of @entity3 was detected in 24 % (n = 24) of the @entity0 . The incidence of early @entity1 in overall study population was 8.0 % (n = 8). The incidence of the @entity0 at risk of @entity3 was significantly higher in the @entity2 group (5 (62.5 %) vs 19 (20.9 %), p <0.0191). In multivariate logistic regression analysis risk of @entity3 defined by NRS 2002 was an independent preoperative and intraoperative risk factor of @entity1 after coronary artery bypass grafting (OR: 6.316, 95 % CI: 1.384-28.819 p = 0.0173). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative @entity3 is common in @entity0 undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Nutrition deprivation is associated with early @entity1 after on pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

title: Impact of @entity3 on XXXX development after on pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine factors that may have impact on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) screening validity, which could lead to further establishing the general model of the MMSE score in Chinese health elderly and to improve the screening accuracy of the existing MMSE reference. METHODS: Based on the data of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), the MMSE scores of 19 117 normal elderly and 137 @entity1 @entity0 who met the inclusion criteria were used for the analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) and validity indexes were used to compare the screening accuracy of various criteria. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors that had impact on the MMSE score for both the normal and @entity1 elderly. Descriptive analysis was performed for differences in the MMSE scores by age trends and gender between the normal and @entity1 elderly. RESULTS: The AUC of MMSE was >= 0.75(P<0.05). The MMSE score of the normal elderly declined nonlinearly as the age grew older(male: R(2)=0.924, P<0.05; female: R(2)=0.951, P<0.05), and increased nonlinearly as the education level rose(male: R(2)=0.948, P<0.05; female: R(2)=0.859, P< 0.05). The females had significantly lower MMSE scores than the males, with a faster decline trend with age than the males (95%CI of female partial regression coefficient was not overlapped with 95%CI of male partial regression coefficient). The @entity1 elderly showed a much lower MMSE score (male: difference of Z score:-1.573, P<0.05; female: difference of Z score:-1.222, P<0.05) and tended to with a faster decline speed than that of the normal elderly (95%CI of @entity1 partial regression coefficient included 95%CI of normal partial regression coefficient). CONCLUSION: The screening validity of MMSE in CLHLS is not affected by educational level. The analysis of factors that may impact on the MMSE screening validity are gender, age, vision and residence which with validity identification. These four factors can be used as assist tool of MMSE in the screening of @entity1 to improve the screening accuracy.

title: [Factors and validity analysis of Mini-Mental State Examination in Chinese elderly XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity3 , @entity5 ) is still a widely used illicit designer drug and its detection in different matrices is of major importance for forensic purposes (e.g.   driving under the influence) as well as for workplace drug testing or abstinence control. Established analytical methods for the determination of @entity3 are mainly employing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography (GC) coupled to mass spectrometric detection. Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-QqQ- @entity0 / @entity0 ) is so far rarely used in forensics and offers an ultrafast high-throughput platform. The Quantisal    Oral Fluid Collection Device was used for sample collection. After addition of the deuterated internal standard and a @entity2 buffer (0.75   M @entity1 ), oral fluid samples were liquid-liquid extracted (ButOAc/ @entity4 , 1:1). As little as 1 microlitre of a mixture of this extract and the MALDI matrix ( @entity6 ) was spotted onto the MALDI plate and could directly be analyzed. With MALDI omitting chromatographic separation, very short analysis times of about 10   s per sample were possible. The method was developed and validated according to international guidelines including specificity, recovery, matrix effects, accuracy and precision, stabilities and limit of quantification. All validation criteria were fulfilled except for ion suppression/enhancement. Comparison with a routine liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC- @entity0 / @entity0 ) method showed good agreement of the results. Applicability of the method was shown by analyzing about 250 oral fluid samples collected after controlled administration of 125   mg @entity3 in a pharmacokinetic study. The whole lot of samples could be analyzed in less than 1   h, proving the ultra-high-speed of the method. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Development of a high-speed MALDI-triple quadrupole mass spectrometric method for the determination of XXXX ( @entity3 ) in oral fluid.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity3 , @entity5 ) is still a widely used illicit designer drug and its detection in different matrices is of major importance for forensic purposes (e.g.   driving under the influence) as well as for workplace drug testing or abstinence control. Established analytical methods for the determination of @entity3 are mainly employing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography (GC) coupled to mass spectrometric detection. Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-QqQ- @entity0 / @entity0 ) is so far rarely used in forensics and offers an ultrafast high-throughput platform. The Quantisal    Oral Fluid Collection Device was used for sample collection. After addition of the deuterated internal standard and a @entity2 buffer (0.75   M @entity1 ), oral fluid samples were liquid-liquid extracted (ButOAc/ @entity4 , 1:1). As little as 1 microlitre of a mixture of this extract and the MALDI matrix ( @entity6 ) was spotted onto the MALDI plate and could directly be analyzed. With MALDI omitting chromatographic separation, very short analysis times of about 10   s per sample were possible. The method was developed and validated according to international guidelines including specificity, recovery, matrix effects, accuracy and precision, stabilities and limit of quantification. All validation criteria were fulfilled except for ion suppression/enhancement. Comparison with a routine liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC- @entity0 / @entity0 ) method showed good agreement of the results. Applicability of the method was shown by analyzing about 250 oral fluid samples collected after controlled administration of 125   mg @entity3 in a pharmacokinetic study. The whole lot of samples could be analyzed in less than 1   h, proving the ultra-high-speed of the method. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Development of a high-speed MALDI-triple quadrupole mass spectrometric method for the determination of @entity5 ( XXXX ) in oral fluid.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 has a great impact on morbidity and mortality in @entity0 undergoing surgery. Failure to maintain lean tissue against @entity1 -induced @entity6 results in cumulative weight loss and ultimate failure of the host. Cellular free energy is among the factors that regulates metabolic pathways and may be altered in the @entity1 -bearing state. We studied in-vivo and in-vitro @entity4 levels and metabolic parameters in Fischer @entity2 bearing a @entity7 -induced @entity3 to elucidate the energy state. Tissue @entity4 was measured in freeze-clamped liver and muscle in 15 @entity1 -bearing @entity2 (TBR) at different @entity1 burdens and their pair-fed controls (CTR) by bioluminescence assay. Plasma metabolites, hormones, and enzymes were determined in the same animals. Liver @entity4 level was lower in TBR with a 5% @entity1 burden: 3.07 +/- 0.56 (SE) nmole/mg tissue vs CTR: 5.33 +/- 0.60 (P < 0.05), 10% TBR: 2.48 +/- 0.54 vs CTR: 4.05 +/- 0.63 (n.s.), and 20% TBR: 1.91 +/- 0.21 vs CTR: 3.86 +/- 0.40 (P < 0.01). Muscle @entity4 was not different between TBR and CTR. This progressive loss of liver @entity4 was associated with decreased plasma insulin level (P < 0.001) and with increased alkaline phosphatase level (P < 0.01) by multiple regression. In vitro, hepatocytes were isolated from 8 TBR and 8 CTR by in-situ liver perfusion with collagenase and the cellular @entity4 was measured before and after 60 min incubation with glucogenic substrates. Hepatocytes from TBR decreased @entity4 by 42% (P < 0.05) in 10 mM @entity5 with higher gluconeogenesis, while control hepatocytes maintained the @entity4 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Energy depletion in the liver and in isolated hepatocytes of XXXX -bearing animals.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity3 ) inhibition was measured in @entity0 after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) doses of @entity4 @entity1 , and the correlation between peak inhibition and tissue concentration of the drug was investigated. Five minutes after @entity4 @entity1 (3 mg/kg i.v. as free acid), @entity3 in the examined tissues (serum, lungs, kidneys, heart, aorta, adrenals, testes, and brain) showed > 50% inhibition, always associated with measurable amounts of @entity4 . After 90 min, @entity3 activity was still inhibited only in serum, lungs, kidneys, and aorta, recovering to basal values by 8 h in all samples but serum. Oral @entity4 @entity1 (30 mg/kg) produced > 50% peak @entity3 inhibition in serum, lungs, and kidneys, in which measurable levels of the drug were detected, and in the aorta, where @entity4 was not detected. Other tissues showed neither marked inhibition nor measurable drug levels. Kinetics of @entity3 inhibition in affected tissue mirrored those observed after intravenous administration. @entity4 , despite its hydrophilic nature, is able to reach extravascular tissues and to inhibit local @entity3 . However, in no tissue did the effect on @entity3 last longer than in serum and the hypothesis of a peculiar role of tissue RAS in determining the @entity2 activity of @entity4 @entity1 is not supported in @entity0 .

title: Effects of XXXX @entity1 on tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme in @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity3 ) inhibition was measured in @entity0 after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) doses of @entity4 @entity1 , and the correlation between peak inhibition and tissue concentration of the drug was investigated. Five minutes after @entity4 @entity1 (3 mg/kg i.v. as free acid), @entity3 in the examined tissues (serum, lungs, kidneys, heart, aorta, adrenals, testes, and brain) showed > 50% inhibition, always associated with measurable amounts of @entity4 . After 90 min, @entity3 activity was still inhibited only in serum, lungs, kidneys, and aorta, recovering to basal values by 8 h in all samples but serum. Oral @entity4 @entity1 (30 mg/kg) produced > 50% peak @entity3 inhibition in serum, lungs, and kidneys, in which measurable levels of the drug were detected, and in the aorta, where @entity4 was not detected. Other tissues showed neither marked inhibition nor measurable drug levels. Kinetics of @entity3 inhibition in affected tissue mirrored those observed after intravenous administration. @entity4 , despite its hydrophilic nature, is able to reach extravascular tissues and to inhibit local @entity3 . However, in no tissue did the effect on @entity3 last longer than in serum and the hypothesis of a peculiar role of tissue RAS in determining the @entity2 activity of @entity4 @entity1 is not supported in @entity0 .

title: Effects of @entity4 XXXX on tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme in @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity3 ) inhibition was measured in @entity0 after single intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) doses of @entity4 @entity1 , and the correlation between peak inhibition and tissue concentration of the drug was investigated. Five minutes after @entity4 @entity1 (3 mg/kg i.v. as free acid), @entity3 in the examined tissues (serum, lungs, kidneys, heart, aorta, adrenals, testes, and brain) showed > 50% inhibition, always associated with measurable amounts of @entity4 . After 90 min, @entity3 activity was still inhibited only in serum, lungs, kidneys, and aorta, recovering to basal values by 8 h in all samples but serum. Oral @entity4 @entity1 (30 mg/kg) produced > 50% peak @entity3 inhibition in serum, lungs, and kidneys, in which measurable levels of the drug were detected, and in the aorta, where @entity4 was not detected. Other tissues showed neither marked inhibition nor measurable drug levels. Kinetics of @entity3 inhibition in affected tissue mirrored those observed after intravenous administration. @entity4 , despite its hydrophilic nature, is able to reach extravascular tissues and to inhibit local @entity3 . However, in no tissue did the effect on @entity3 last longer than in serum and the hypothesis of a peculiar role of tissue RAS in determining the @entity2 activity of @entity4 @entity1 is not supported in @entity0 .

title: Effects of @entity4 @entity1 on tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells and @entity6 . METHODS: Non-obese @entity0 (NOD) @entity2 were randomly divided into 4 groups and random blood @entity3 at 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks were detected. Urinary albumin and @entity4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in @entity5 (+)T cells were measured by H3/H4 acetylation kit. The relevant mRNA expression level of histone acetylation modification enzymes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the altered expression genes verified by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with @entity2 from 12 weeks, there were significant increases in blood @entity3 levels and urinary albumin/ @entity4 ratio (ACR) from 24 and 30 weeks ( @entity3 : (18.1    6.3) and (20.7    7.5) vs (7.2    3.1)mmol/L, ACR: (4.04    1.54) and (8.11    1.77) vs (2.12    0.56)mg/g). Conversely, the global acetylation levels of H3 (0.068    0.023 and 0.043    0.017 vs 0.127    0.036) and H4 (0.058    0.022 and 0.041    0.019 vs 0.082    0.032) in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells from 24 and 30 weeks were obviously lower. The mRNA levels of such histone acetylases as P300 (15.53    6.31 and 13.76    3.62 vs 22.94    7.40) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) (3.21    0.81 and 2.74    0.36 vs 5.31    0.73) declined while the protein and mRNA of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) significantly increased from 24 and 30 weeks. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of H3 (r = -0.590, P = 0.043) and H4 (r = -0.702, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with urinary ACR while @entity7 level was positively correlated with urinary ACR from 24 and 30 weeks (r = 0.673, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: With aging and progression of @entity1 in NOD @entity2 , the global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 decrease while the expression level of @entity7 increases in spleen @entity5 (+)T cell. And altered @entity7 expression in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells is closely correlated with @entity1 in NOD @entity2 .

title: [Relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells and XXXX of nonobese @entity0 @entity2 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells and @entity6 . METHODS: Non-obese @entity0 (NOD) @entity2 were randomly divided into 4 groups and random blood @entity3 at 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks were detected. Urinary albumin and @entity4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in @entity5 (+)T cells were measured by H3/H4 acetylation kit. The relevant mRNA expression level of histone acetylation modification enzymes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the altered expression genes verified by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with @entity2 from 12 weeks, there were significant increases in blood @entity3 levels and urinary albumin/ @entity4 ratio (ACR) from 24 and 30 weeks ( @entity3 : (18.1    6.3) and (20.7    7.5) vs (7.2    3.1)mmol/L, ACR: (4.04    1.54) and (8.11    1.77) vs (2.12    0.56)mg/g). Conversely, the global acetylation levels of H3 (0.068    0.023 and 0.043    0.017 vs 0.127    0.036) and H4 (0.058    0.022 and 0.041    0.019 vs 0.082    0.032) in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells from 24 and 30 weeks were obviously lower. The mRNA levels of such histone acetylases as P300 (15.53    6.31 and 13.76    3.62 vs 22.94    7.40) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) (3.21    0.81 and 2.74    0.36 vs 5.31    0.73) declined while the protein and mRNA of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) significantly increased from 24 and 30 weeks. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of H3 (r = -0.590, P = 0.043) and H4 (r = -0.702, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with urinary ACR while @entity7 level was positively correlated with urinary ACR from 24 and 30 weeks (r = 0.673, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: With aging and progression of @entity1 in NOD @entity2 , the global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 decrease while the expression level of @entity7 increases in spleen @entity5 (+)T cell. And altered @entity7 expression in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells is closely correlated with @entity1 in NOD @entity2 .

title: [Relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen XXXX (+)T cells and @entity6 of nonobese @entity0 @entity2 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells and @entity6 . METHODS: Non-obese @entity0 (NOD) @entity2 were randomly divided into 4 groups and random blood @entity3 at 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks were detected. Urinary albumin and @entity4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in @entity5 (+)T cells were measured by H3/H4 acetylation kit. The relevant mRNA expression level of histone acetylation modification enzymes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the altered expression genes verified by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with @entity2 from 12 weeks, there were significant increases in blood @entity3 levels and urinary albumin/ @entity4 ratio (ACR) from 24 and 30 weeks ( @entity3 : (18.1    6.3) and (20.7    7.5) vs (7.2    3.1)mmol/L, ACR: (4.04    1.54) and (8.11    1.77) vs (2.12    0.56)mg/g). Conversely, the global acetylation levels of H3 (0.068    0.023 and 0.043    0.017 vs 0.127    0.036) and H4 (0.058    0.022 and 0.041    0.019 vs 0.082    0.032) in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells from 24 and 30 weeks were obviously lower. The mRNA levels of such histone acetylases as P300 (15.53    6.31 and 13.76    3.62 vs 22.94    7.40) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) (3.21    0.81 and 2.74    0.36 vs 5.31    0.73) declined while the protein and mRNA of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) significantly increased from 24 and 30 weeks. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of H3 (r = -0.590, P = 0.043) and H4 (r = -0.702, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with urinary ACR while @entity7 level was positively correlated with urinary ACR from 24 and 30 weeks (r = 0.673, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: With aging and progression of @entity1 in NOD @entity2 , the global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 decrease while the expression level of @entity7 increases in spleen @entity5 (+)T cell. And altered @entity7 expression in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells is closely correlated with @entity1 in NOD @entity2 .

title: [Relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells and @entity6 of nonobese XXXX @entity2 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells and @entity6 . METHODS: Non-obese @entity0 (NOD) @entity2 were randomly divided into 4 groups and random blood @entity3 at 12, 18, 24 and 30 weeks were detected. Urinary albumin and @entity4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 in @entity5 (+)T cells were measured by H3/H4 acetylation kit. The relevant mRNA expression level of histone acetylation modification enzymes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the altered expression genes verified by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with @entity2 from 12 weeks, there were significant increases in blood @entity3 levels and urinary albumin/ @entity4 ratio (ACR) from 24 and 30 weeks ( @entity3 : (18.1    6.3) and (20.7    7.5) vs (7.2    3.1)mmol/L, ACR: (4.04    1.54) and (8.11    1.77) vs (2.12    0.56)mg/g). Conversely, the global acetylation levels of H3 (0.068    0.023 and 0.043    0.017 vs 0.127    0.036) and H4 (0.058    0.022 and 0.041    0.019 vs 0.082    0.032) in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells from 24 and 30 weeks were obviously lower. The mRNA levels of such histone acetylases as P300 (15.53    6.31 and 13.76    3.62 vs 22.94    7.40) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) (3.21    0.81 and 2.74    0.36 vs 5.31    0.73) declined while the protein and mRNA of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) significantly increased from 24 and 30 weeks. All the above differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of H3 (r = -0.590, P = 0.043) and H4 (r = -0.702, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with urinary ACR while @entity7 level was positively correlated with urinary ACR from 24 and 30 weeks (r = 0.673, P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: With aging and progression of @entity1 in NOD @entity2 , the global acetylation levels of H3 and H4 decrease while the expression level of @entity7 increases in spleen @entity5 (+)T cell. And altered @entity7 expression in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells is closely correlated with @entity1 in NOD @entity2 .

title: [Relationship between histone acetylation modification in spleen @entity5 (+)T cells and @entity6 of nonobese @entity0 XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of miRNA-184 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of @entity0 lens epithelial cells (HLEC) induced by @entity4 in vitro. METHODS: Experimental study. Recombinant plasmid of pL/IRES/GFP-miR-184 was constructed and used to produce the lentivirus. The lentivirus was used to transduce the HLEC which was in the process of EMT induced by @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR) was used to analyze @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity2 ( @entity2 ) expression at RNA levels during interval of 0h, 6h and 24h after transduction, in comparison with that of control group. Statistical analysis method was single factor variance analysis. RESULTS: The expression level of epithelial marker gene @entity3 in the miRNA-184 transduced group maintains relatively stable during 24h interval, while it goes down in the control group. The expression level of mesenchymal cell marker gene @entity2 , @entity1 in the miRNA-184 transduced group maintain relatively stable, while it goes up in the control group. The results of statistical analysis showed a statistically significant difference between miRNA-184 transduced group and control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: miRNA-184 lentivirus-mediated HLEC can inhibit the occurrence of EMT.

title: [The influence of lentivirus-miRNA-184 on epithelial-mesenchcymal transition of XXXX lens epithelial cells in vitro].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) can regulate the function of immune cells. However, whether and how UC-MSCs can modulate the function of Vy9V  2 T cells has not been fully understood. METHODS: The PBMCs or Vy9V  2 T cells were activated and expanded with @entity6 ( @entity5 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with or without the presence UC-MSCs. The effects of UC-MSCs on the proliferation, cytokine expression, and @entity2 of Vy9V  2 T cells were determined by flow cytometry. The effects of UC-MSCs on @entity1 , @entity4 -expressing Vy9V  2 T cells, and Vy9V  2 T cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: UC-MSCs inhibited Vy9V  2 T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent but cell-contact independent manner. Coculture with UC-MSCs reduced the frequency of IFNy+ but increased granzyme B+ Vy9V  2 T cells. UC-MSCs inhibited the @entity2 of Vy9V  2 T cells against influenza virus H1N1 infected A549 cells and also reduced the frequency of @entity1 +, @entity4 + Vy9V  2 T cells but failed to modulate the apoptosis of Vy9V  2 T cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that UC-MSCs efficiently suppressed the proliferation and @entity2 of Vy9V  2 T cells and modulated their cytokine production. @entity1 and @entity4 were involved in the regulation. Cell contact and apoptosis of Vy9V  2 T cells were not necessary for the inhibition.

title: XXXX Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Function of Allogeneic Activated Vy9V  2 T Lymphocytes In Vitro.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unknown which analgesic modality gives better results after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of @entity3 for local use against that of intravenous @entity4 in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: A non-inferiority randomized clinical trial. Fifty @entity0 with laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included into two separate groups. INTERVENTION: 0.75 % @entity3 infiltrated at the trocar insertion sites and in the gallbladder fossa compared with intravenous @entity4 . MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was @entity1 , which was assessed using the visual analog scale during the first 24 hours. Secondary outcomes were the presence of adverse effects, and the need for analgesic rescue with @entity2 . RESULTS: The visual analog scale average for @entity1 at the conclusion of the surgery was 3.8 in the @entity3 vs. 3.56 in the @entity4 groups, while at 6, 12 and 24 hours the values were 2.64, 1.92 and 1.28, respectively, for @entity3 versus 2.6, 1.88 and 1.2, respectively, for @entity4 . No adverse effects were observed in either group, and the two groups exhibited similar needs for analgesic rescue with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Infiltration of 0.75 % @entity3 at the trocar insertion sites and the gallbladder exhibits analgesia similar to IV @entity4 during the first 24 hours post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy without adverse effects.

title: [Locally administered XXXX vs. standard analgesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 tests (LFTs) are often observed in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). To date, there are limited data demonstrating the factors or biochemical indexes contributing to @entity2 in this @entity0 population. The aim of this study was to explore factors predicting abnormal LFTs induced by @entity3 alone. This was a retrospective study of 289 consecutive cases of newly diagnosed and untreated @entity0 with @entity3 . All @entity0 were divided into abnormal LFTs (group A) and normal LFTs (group B). In total, 205 (70.9%) cases were found to have at least 1 LFT abnormality. Among them, the frequencies of ALT, @entity5 , @entity4 , y-GTP, TBIL and DBIL abnormalities were 52.7%, 32.2%, 45.9%, 38.5%, 23.4%, 2.9%, respectively, and the number of @entity0 with 1 to 6 hepatic variable abnormalities were 89, 64, 30, 16, 6 and 0, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictive factors contributing to abnormal LFTs. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was also plotted to verify the accuracy of predictors. In the univariate analysis, @entity0 in group A had significantly higher FT3 concentration (37.5 vs 33.4pmol/L, P=0.009), FT4 concentration (85.7 vs 77.4pmol/L, P=0.002) and TRAb level (22.2 vs 17.4IU/L, P<0.001) when compared with those in group B. Binary logistic regression analysis identified higher FT4 concentration (odds ratio [OR]: 1.017, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.005-1.030, P=0.006) and higher TRAb value (OR: 1.038, 95% CI:1.013-1.064, P=0.003) to be independent risk factors predicting abnormal LFTs. The optimal cutoffs for FT4 and TRAb to predict abnormal LFTs were 75pmol/L and 15IU/L, respectively, based on ROC analysis.

title: Factors predicting XXXX tests induced by @entity3 alone: a retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 tests (LFTs) are often observed in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). To date, there are limited data demonstrating the factors or biochemical indexes contributing to @entity2 in this @entity0 population. The aim of this study was to explore factors predicting abnormal LFTs induced by @entity3 alone. This was a retrospective study of 289 consecutive cases of newly diagnosed and untreated @entity0 with @entity3 . All @entity0 were divided into abnormal LFTs (group A) and normal LFTs (group B). In total, 205 (70.9%) cases were found to have at least 1 LFT abnormality. Among them, the frequencies of ALT, @entity5 , @entity4 , y-GTP, TBIL and DBIL abnormalities were 52.7%, 32.2%, 45.9%, 38.5%, 23.4%, 2.9%, respectively, and the number of @entity0 with 1 to 6 hepatic variable abnormalities were 89, 64, 30, 16, 6 and 0, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictive factors contributing to abnormal LFTs. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was also plotted to verify the accuracy of predictors. In the univariate analysis, @entity0 in group A had significantly higher FT3 concentration (37.5 vs 33.4pmol/L, P=0.009), FT4 concentration (85.7 vs 77.4pmol/L, P=0.002) and TRAb level (22.2 vs 17.4IU/L, P<0.001) when compared with those in group B. Binary logistic regression analysis identified higher FT4 concentration (odds ratio [OR]: 1.017, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.005-1.030, P=0.006) and higher TRAb value (OR: 1.038, 95% CI:1.013-1.064, P=0.003) to be independent risk factors predicting abnormal LFTs. The optimal cutoffs for FT4 and TRAb to predict abnormal LFTs were 75pmol/L and 15IU/L, respectively, based on ROC analysis.

title: Factors predicting @entity1 tests induced by XXXX alone: a retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 is a thymosthenic agent with an extensive hepatic metabolism and long elimination half life in healthy volunteers. It has been used in abstinent chronic @entity2 @entity0 showing an interesting performance in this condition. @entity3 pharmacokinetics has only been evaluated in single dose healthy volunteer studies and, on the other hand, chronic use of the drug in @entity2 @entity0 during withdrawal period could be anticipated. Therefore, the objective of the present study, is to assess the cumulating kinetics of the @entity1 antagonist during chronic administration. Ten abstinent @entity2 @entity0 were included in an open study. The drug was administered at a daily dose of 10 mg for 28 days and the active phase was preceded by a seven-day wash out period with placebo. Blood samples were taken on the 1st, and 28th, day of treatment, 24 hours after taking the drug. Urine samples were taken during the night before the second and 28th dose. Plasma and urine @entity3 concentration was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Very large variations in initial and steady state concentrations (CV = 65 and 52% respectively) were found, which is reflected in the large variability of the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters. @entity3 cumulation factor (R) was 6.9 +/- 8.3 (mean+SEM). Two @entity0 showing extensive accumulation had prolonged elimination half lives (433 and 279 hours) that are explained mostly by an expansion of the volume of distribution and, to a lesser extent, by diminished clearance.

title: XXXX pharmacokinetics in abstinent chronic alcoholics.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between @entity9 in the @entity7 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-six @entity0 with CDHP were retrospectively included over 14  years. Two radiologists searched for MDCT signs of CDHP (cysts and thickened intestinal wall, inflammatory changes), and @entity6 (Santorini duct dilatation, luminal @entity4 of the @entity8 ). Other @entity3 (parenchymal @entity4 , main @entity2 ) or bile duct dilatation were also analysed. RESULTS: CDHP was mostly located in the second part of the duodenum (71/76, 93.5  %). Median duodenal wall thickness was 20  mm (range 10-46). There were @entity1 in 86  % (65/76, median   =   3), measuring 2-60  mm. No cysts were identified in four @entity0 (5  %). Inflammatory changes were found in 87  % (66/76). @entity6 were found in 37  % (28/76) and @entity4 without @entity4 in the major papilla were only observed in three @entity0 (4  %). @entity5 and main bile duct dilatation were identified in 78  % (59/76) and 38  % (29/76). CONCLUSION: Previously described CT features were seen in most @entity0 with CDHP. However, @entity6 were seen in a minority of @entity0 and, therefore, do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP. KEY POINTS:     Imaging features suggesting a CDHP diagnosis are confirmed in a large series.     @entity6 do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP.     Most @entity0 did not have any isolated @entity6 .

title: Cystic form of @entity5 ( @entity9 in @entity5 (CDHP)): a potential link with XXXX ? A study in a large series.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between @entity9 in the @entity7 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-six @entity0 with CDHP were retrospectively included over 14  years. Two radiologists searched for MDCT signs of CDHP (cysts and thickened intestinal wall, inflammatory changes), and @entity6 (Santorini duct dilatation, luminal @entity4 of the @entity8 ). Other @entity3 (parenchymal @entity4 , main @entity2 ) or bile duct dilatation were also analysed. RESULTS: CDHP was mostly located in the second part of the duodenum (71/76, 93.5  %). Median duodenal wall thickness was 20  mm (range 10-46). There were @entity1 in 86  % (65/76, median   =   3), measuring 2-60  mm. No cysts were identified in four @entity0 (5  %). Inflammatory changes were found in 87  % (66/76). @entity6 were found in 37  % (28/76) and @entity4 without @entity4 in the major papilla were only observed in three @entity0 (4  %). @entity5 and main bile duct dilatation were identified in 78  % (59/76) and 38  % (29/76). CONCLUSION: Previously described CT features were seen in most @entity0 with CDHP. However, @entity6 were seen in a minority of @entity0 and, therefore, do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP. KEY POINTS:     Imaging features suggesting a CDHP diagnosis are confirmed in a large series.     @entity6 do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP.     Most @entity0 did not have any isolated @entity6 .

title: Cystic form of XXXX ( @entity9 in @entity5 (CDHP)): a potential link with @entity6 ? A study in a large series.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between @entity9 in the @entity7 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-six @entity0 with CDHP were retrospectively included over 14  years. Two radiologists searched for MDCT signs of CDHP (cysts and thickened intestinal wall, inflammatory changes), and @entity6 (Santorini duct dilatation, luminal @entity4 of the @entity8 ). Other @entity3 (parenchymal @entity4 , main @entity2 ) or bile duct dilatation were also analysed. RESULTS: CDHP was mostly located in the second part of the duodenum (71/76, 93.5  %). Median duodenal wall thickness was 20  mm (range 10-46). There were @entity1 in 86  % (65/76, median   =   3), measuring 2-60  mm. No cysts were identified in four @entity0 (5  %). Inflammatory changes were found in 87  % (66/76). @entity6 were found in 37  % (28/76) and @entity4 without @entity4 in the major papilla were only observed in three @entity0 (4  %). @entity5 and main bile duct dilatation were identified in 78  % (59/76) and 38  % (29/76). CONCLUSION: Previously described CT features were seen in most @entity0 with CDHP. However, @entity6 were seen in a minority of @entity0 and, therefore, do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP. KEY POINTS:     Imaging features suggesting a CDHP diagnosis are confirmed in a large series.     @entity6 do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP.     Most @entity0 did not have any isolated @entity6 .

title: Cystic form of @entity5 ( @entity9 in XXXX (CDHP)): a potential link with @entity6 ? A study in a large series.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the association between @entity9 in the @entity7 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-six @entity0 with CDHP were retrospectively included over 14  years. Two radiologists searched for MDCT signs of CDHP (cysts and thickened intestinal wall, inflammatory changes), and @entity6 (Santorini duct dilatation, luminal @entity4 of the @entity8 ). Other @entity3 (parenchymal @entity4 , main @entity2 ) or bile duct dilatation were also analysed. RESULTS: CDHP was mostly located in the second part of the duodenum (71/76, 93.5  %). Median duodenal wall thickness was 20  mm (range 10-46). There were @entity1 in 86  % (65/76, median   =   3), measuring 2-60  mm. No cysts were identified in four @entity0 (5  %). Inflammatory changes were found in 87  % (66/76). @entity6 were found in 37  % (28/76) and @entity4 without @entity4 in the major papilla were only observed in three @entity0 (4  %). @entity5 and main bile duct dilatation were identified in 78  % (59/76) and 38  % (29/76). CONCLUSION: Previously described CT features were seen in most @entity0 with CDHP. However, @entity6 were seen in a minority of @entity0 and, therefore, do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP. KEY POINTS:     Imaging features suggesting a CDHP diagnosis are confirmed in a large series.     @entity6 do not seem to be a predisposing factor for CDHP.     Most @entity0 did not have any isolated @entity6 .

title: Cystic form of @entity5 ( XXXX in @entity5 (CDHP)): a potential link with @entity6 ? A study in a large series.

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Life-threatening intracardiac and great vessels thrombi are rare in neonates. Recombinant @entity3 (rTPA) is used in adults to stimulate fibrinolysis and facilitate @entity2 resolution. Its use in neonates, along with heparin, remains controversial because of potential risk of serious @entity1 . We aim to present our experience with the use of thrombolytic agents in seven neonates and young @entity0 . In a retrospective study, over a period of 6  years, the medical records of neonates and young @entity0 , who were diagnosed with intracardiac and great vessels thrombi, were reviewed. The following factors were collected: demographic data, primary diagnosis, @entity2 site, risk factors, method of diagnosis, thrombolytic and/or anticoagulation agent, route, dose and duration of treatment, complications, and outcome. Six neonates and one 45-day-old @entity0 were analyzed. Age ranged from 5 to 45  days (median age 12  days), and median weight was 2.9  kg (range 0.9-3.8  kg). The thrombi were diagnosed by echocardiography in five and by angiography in two cases. All @entity0 had life-threatening thrombi; four were treated with rTPA (0.5  mg  kg(-1)  h(-1)) and heparin infusions with complete dissolution of the thrombi, within a median time of 60  h (6-72  h), and without complications. The remaining three @entity0 (two who were premature, at 28 and 34  weeks of gestation, and the third who had a deranged coagulation profile) were treated with unfractionated heparin due to fear of @entity1 . The thrombi dissolved in the premature babies (within 2  weeks and 3  months, respectively) but embolized and resulted in the death of the third @entity0 after 2  weeks of treatment. The current case series confirmed the effectiveness and safety of intravenous rTPA infusion, at the dosages used, in neonates and young @entity0 with life-threatening thrombi.

title: Recombinant XXXX in the Treatment of Neonates with Intracardiac and Great Vessels @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Life-threatening intracardiac and great vessels thrombi are rare in neonates. Recombinant @entity3 (rTPA) is used in adults to stimulate fibrinolysis and facilitate @entity2 resolution. Its use in neonates, along with heparin, remains controversial because of potential risk of serious @entity1 . We aim to present our experience with the use of thrombolytic agents in seven neonates and young @entity0 . In a retrospective study, over a period of 6  years, the medical records of neonates and young @entity0 , who were diagnosed with intracardiac and great vessels thrombi, were reviewed. The following factors were collected: demographic data, primary diagnosis, @entity2 site, risk factors, method of diagnosis, thrombolytic and/or anticoagulation agent, route, dose and duration of treatment, complications, and outcome. Six neonates and one 45-day-old @entity0 were analyzed. Age ranged from 5 to 45  days (median age 12  days), and median weight was 2.9  kg (range 0.9-3.8  kg). The thrombi were diagnosed by echocardiography in five and by angiography in two cases. All @entity0 had life-threatening thrombi; four were treated with rTPA (0.5  mg  kg(-1)  h(-1)) and heparin infusions with complete dissolution of the thrombi, within a median time of 60  h (6-72  h), and without complications. The remaining three @entity0 (two who were premature, at 28 and 34  weeks of gestation, and the third who had a deranged coagulation profile) were treated with unfractionated heparin due to fear of @entity1 . The thrombi dissolved in the premature babies (within 2  weeks and 3  months, respectively) but embolized and resulted in the death of the third @entity0 after 2  weeks of treatment. The current case series confirmed the effectiveness and safety of intravenous rTPA infusion, at the dosages used, in neonates and young @entity0 with life-threatening thrombi.

title: Recombinant @entity3 in the Treatment of Neonates with Intracardiac and Great Vessels XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: GOALS: To determine the association between functional disability and mortality after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). BACKGROUND: TIPS is a common therapeutic procedure for cirrhotic @entity0 with refractory ascites. The conventional metric for periprocedure risk stratification is the @entity3 ( @entity3 ), which uses biochemical parameters to predict post-TIPS mortality. It does not account for functional disability. STUDY: This is a retrospective cohort study of 83 @entity0 admitted at an academic liver transplant center with @entity1 and refractory ascites for the purpose of TIPS placement. We assessed the association of @entity0 ' reported activities of daily living (ADL) on a scale of 1 to 21 before TIPS with a primary outcome of 1-year mortality. Multivariable regression to adjust for @entity3 and @entity0 class was performed. RESULTS: A higher ADL score or functional independence, was associated with decreased 1-year mortality when modeled as both a continuous variable [odds ratio (OR), 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.66-0.97; P=0.02) and a dichotomous variable (ADL 21 vs. <21; OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.05-0.70; P=0.01). After adjusting for @entity3 and @entity0 class, functional independence was associated with decreased 1-year transplant-free mortality (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.05-0.77; P=0.02). An ADL score consistent with @entity2 (<21) was significantly associated with a 3.40-day (95% CI, 1.76-5.04) longer hospital stay, adjusting for @entity3 and @entity0 class (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Functional disability is a predictor of post-TIPS mortality and length of stay after controlling for @entity3 .

title: A Standardized Assessment of Functional Disability Predicts 1-year Mortality in XXXX Undergoing Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt for Refractory Ascites.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Intraoperative sonography was used to evaluate prospectively the renal parenchyma of @entity0 undergoing surgery for presumed @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One surgeon (F.F.M.) evaluated 100 kidneys using a triple-head sector ultrasonic transducer (5 MHz., 7.5 MHz. and 10 MHz. with duplex Doppler imaging). The size, number, echo texture, location, and relationship of suspected lesions to the collecting system, vasculature and renal capsule were recorded. Real-time Doppler imaging was used to distinguish among renal arteries, renal veins and the collecting system. Sonography was used to delineate the extent of the @entity1 and presence or absence of satellite lesions. All @entity0 were evaluated preoperatively with abdominal computerized tomography. RESULTS: Under ultrasonic guidance partial nephrectomy was done in 40 cases, radical nephrectomy in 56, unroofing of @entity2 in 3 and renal biopsy in 1. Of the @entity0 8 were considered candidates for partial nephrectomy but underwent radical nephrectomy after intraoperative sonography revealed more extensive @entity1 , especially at the renal hilum. Similarly, 3 @entity0 with a suspected @entity1 were spared nephrectomy after intraoperative sonography and frozen section analysis revealed benign multilocular cysts. All surgical margins after sonographic evaluation were negative in @entity0 undergoing partial nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative ultrasound is a useful adjunct for the dynamic evaluation of @entity3 in the surrounding environment of @entity2 , the collecting system and the renal vasculature. It is particularly beneficial in defining preoperative @entity2 and in evaluating extrarenal structures for @entity1 involvement, such as the renal vein, inferior vena cava, adrenal gland and liver. Intraoperative sonography is most useful during partial nephrectomy and may improve @entity1 -free surgical margins. Sonography is routinely used during partial nephrectomy.

title: Intraoperative sonography for the evaluation and management of XXXX : experience with 100 @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Intraoperative sonography was used to evaluate prospectively the renal parenchyma of @entity0 undergoing surgery for presumed @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One surgeon (F.F.M.) evaluated 100 kidneys using a triple-head sector ultrasonic transducer (5 MHz., 7.5 MHz. and 10 MHz. with duplex Doppler imaging). The size, number, echo texture, location, and relationship of suspected lesions to the collecting system, vasculature and renal capsule were recorded. Real-time Doppler imaging was used to distinguish among renal arteries, renal veins and the collecting system. Sonography was used to delineate the extent of the @entity1 and presence or absence of satellite lesions. All @entity0 were evaluated preoperatively with abdominal computerized tomography. RESULTS: Under ultrasonic guidance partial nephrectomy was done in 40 cases, radical nephrectomy in 56, unroofing of @entity2 in 3 and renal biopsy in 1. Of the @entity0 8 were considered candidates for partial nephrectomy but underwent radical nephrectomy after intraoperative sonography revealed more extensive @entity1 , especially at the renal hilum. Similarly, 3 @entity0 with a suspected @entity1 were spared nephrectomy after intraoperative sonography and frozen section analysis revealed benign multilocular cysts. All surgical margins after sonographic evaluation were negative in @entity0 undergoing partial nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative ultrasound is a useful adjunct for the dynamic evaluation of @entity3 in the surrounding environment of @entity2 , the collecting system and the renal vasculature. It is particularly beneficial in defining preoperative @entity2 and in evaluating extrarenal structures for @entity1 involvement, such as the renal vein, inferior vena cava, adrenal gland and liver. Intraoperative sonography is most useful during partial nephrectomy and may improve @entity1 -free surgical margins. Sonography is routinely used during partial nephrectomy.

title: Intraoperative sonography for the evaluation and management of @entity3 : experience with 100 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: One-third of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) present as stricturing phenotype characterized by progressive luminal narrowing and obstructive symptoms. The diagnosis and management of these @entity0 have been intriguing and challenging. Immunomodulators and biologics have been successfully used in treating inflammatory and fistulizing @entity2 . There are issues of efficacy and safety of biological agents in treating strictures in @entity2 . Rapid mucosal healing from potent biological agents may predispose @entity0 to the development of new strictures or worsening of existing strictures. On the other hand, strictures constitute one-fifth of the reasons for surgery in @entity0 with @entity2 . Disease recurrence is common at or proximal to the anastomotic site with the majority of these @entity0 developing new @entity3 within 1 year of surgery. The progressive nature of the disease with repetitive cycle of inflammation and stricture formation results in repeated surgery, with a risk of @entity5 . There is considerable quest for bowel conserving endoscopic and surgical strategies. @entity4 and stricturoplasty have emerged as valid alternatives to resection. @entity4 has been shown to be feasible, safe, and effective for the short primary or anastomotic strictures. However, repeated dilations are often needed, and long-term outcomes of @entity4 remain to be investigated. The introduction of stricturoplasty has added another dimension to bowel saving strategy. Although postoperative recurrence rate after stricturoplasty is comparable with surgical resection, there are concerns for increased risk of @entity1 in preserved bowel. Laparoscopic surgery has widely been performed with similar outcomes to open approach with fewer complications, quicker recovery, better cosmesis, and lower cost. All of these issues should be considered by physicians involved in the management of @entity0 with stricturing @entity2 .

title: Therapeutic Armamentarium for Stricturing XXXX : Medical Versus Endoscopic Versus Surgical Approaches.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidence that lipid lowering prevents @entity2 ( @entity2 ) events in @entity0 . DATA SOURCES: English-language literature assessing the effects of @entity1 lowering with dietary and/or drug interventions as primary or secondary prevention on @entity2 events in @entity0 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity2 and total mortality were the primary outcomes assessed. Angiographic regression of @entity3 was a secondary outcome. STUDY SELECTION, DATA EXTRACTION, AND DATA SYNTHESIS: All nine of the identified studies that met the criteria were included. Relative risks for @entity2 and total mortality were calculated from available data. Summary relative risks were calculated using meta-analytic techniques. CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence from primary prevention trials that @entity1 lowering affects total mortality in healthy @entity0 , although the available data are limited. Limited evidence suggests that treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity2 may decrease @entity2 mortality. Future research should address the role of dietary and other nondrug treatment of @entity4 in @entity0 at high risk for @entity2 .

title: Treatment of hyperlipidemia in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a @entity5 with an associated incidence of @entity2 in over 50% of @entity0 . Although early reports in the literature demonstrated a poor response to casting treatments, recent application of the Ponseti technique in @entity4 @entity0 have been more promising. METHODS: A retrospective review of all @entity0 with @entity6 and a concurrent diagnosis of @entity4 were reviewed at a single institution. @entity0 not managed initially with the Ponseti method were excluded. Data collected included @entity0 age at presentation, sex, unilateral or bilateral, @entity4 and associated findings, and response to treatment-number of casts and requirement of Achilles tenotomy, @entity3 . Duration of treatment at latest follow-up visit was noted and outcome was based on clinical foot appearance and plan for any further procedures. RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 (7 female and 5 male) with a total of 21 feet (9 bilateral and 3 unilateral) were identified. The average age at presentation was 3 weeks (range, 1 to 9 wk). The average number of casts was 6 (range, 3 to 11). Seventeen of 21 feet (81.0%) underwent percutaneous Achilles tenotomy. The initial correction rate for all @entity0 with the Ponseti technique was 20/21 feet (95.2%) and recurrence was noted in 7/21 feet (33.3%). One @entity0 underwent primary posteromedial release and 2 @entity0 had associated @entity1 . The average follow-up was 3.9 years (range, 9 mo to 10 y) and all but one @entity0 had supple, plantigrade feet. CONCLUSION: The Ponseti technique is an effective first-line treatment in @entity0 who have clubfeet associated with @entity4 , including those with a @entity1 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.

title: The Effectiveness of the Ponseti Method for Treating Clubfoot Associated With XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Studies on free radical generation during cardiopulmonary bypass have focused mainly on the heart and the lungs. However, low pumping pressure, nonpulsatile perfusion, and @entity2 affect the entire circulation, resulting in decreased splanchnic blood flow, increased intestinal permeability, and @entity5 . To evaluate regional phenomena, we studied 16 @entity0 undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Free radical production, granulocyte activation, and @entity4 metabolism were assessed separately in the circulations drained by the inferior and superior venae cavae, as well as in the oxygenator. Three minutes after the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass, significant gradients between the inferior vena cava and the arterial line of the oxygenator existed in @entity1 (+0.60 +/- 0.12 mumol/L, lactoferrin (+18.21 +/- 7.65 micrograms/L), @entity3 (+53.75 +/- 16.50 micrograms/L), @entity4 (-0.62 +/- 0.15 mumol/L), and urate (+8.87 +/- 4.03 mumol/L). These gradients decreased in parallel with decreasing body temperature. Except for a transient gradient in @entity1 at 3 minutes after the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass (+0.23 +/- 0.08 mumol/L), no changes were detected between the superior vena cava and the arterial line. In the oxygenator, granulocyte activation was observed only after aortic declamping. We conclude that during cardiopulmonary bypass, significant free radical generation, granulocyte activation, @entity4 elimination, and urate production take place in the region drained by the inferior vena cava. In the oxygenator, granulocyte activation occurs only after aortic declamping.

title: Regional generation of free oxygen radicals during cardiopulmonary bypass in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification of @entity2 is extremely difficult and is often missed in the pre-hospital setting. @entity1 triage tool (MTTT) criteria specifies the suspicion of an open or @entity5 as indicating a @entity1 @entity0 . However, it is often the case that @entity0 with @entity2 recorded on the @entity1 Audit and Research Network (TARN) data with an ISS>15, indicating @entity1 , are not identified by the MTTT. This results in many @entity0 with significant @entity2 being undertriaged and not receiving definitive care as rapidly as possible. Early intervention in @entity0 suffering @entity2 is essential in ensuring the best possible outcome. A retrospective clinical record review is being conducted to establish whether there are clinical or behavioural indicators of @entity2 that could be incorporated into clinical guidance to improve identification. METHOD: The sample consists of 193 @entity0 on the @entity1 database who have sustained a @entity3 between January-March 2014. For each of these incidents the @entity0 clinical record (PCR) has been reviewed to provide data on many different demographic, physiological and behavioural aspects. All data has now been entered ready for analysis. Using the TARN data, @entity0 will be divided into 2 groups. The experimental group will consist of those @entity0 who have significant @entity3 recorded by TARN. The control group will include the @entity0 who have been identified as suspected @entity1 with a @entity3 but have no corresponding injuries recorded on TARN. RESULTS: It is anticipated that at least one demographic, physiological or behavioural aspect will be a reliable indicator of @entity2 . IMPLICATIONS: This retrospective clinical record review could greatly improve the identification of @entity1 @entity0 who have sustained a serious @entity3 . In turn this will mean more @entity0 being appropriately conveyed to the @entity4 where specialised neurosurgeons are available.

title: Identification of XXXX ( @entity2 ) in the pre-hospital setting.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identification of @entity2 is extremely difficult and is often missed in the pre-hospital setting. @entity1 triage tool (MTTT) criteria specifies the suspicion of an open or @entity5 as indicating a @entity1 @entity0 . However, it is often the case that @entity0 with @entity2 recorded on the @entity1 Audit and Research Network (TARN) data with an ISS>15, indicating @entity1 , are not identified by the MTTT. This results in many @entity0 with significant @entity2 being undertriaged and not receiving definitive care as rapidly as possible. Early intervention in @entity0 suffering @entity2 is essential in ensuring the best possible outcome. A retrospective clinical record review is being conducted to establish whether there are clinical or behavioural indicators of @entity2 that could be incorporated into clinical guidance to improve identification. METHOD: The sample consists of 193 @entity0 on the @entity1 database who have sustained a @entity3 between January-March 2014. For each of these incidents the @entity0 clinical record (PCR) has been reviewed to provide data on many different demographic, physiological and behavioural aspects. All data has now been entered ready for analysis. Using the TARN data, @entity0 will be divided into 2 groups. The experimental group will consist of those @entity0 who have significant @entity3 recorded by TARN. The control group will include the @entity0 who have been identified as suspected @entity1 with a @entity3 but have no corresponding injuries recorded on TARN. RESULTS: It is anticipated that at least one demographic, physiological or behavioural aspect will be a reliable indicator of @entity2 . IMPLICATIONS: This retrospective clinical record review could greatly improve the identification of @entity1 @entity0 who have sustained a serious @entity3 . In turn this will mean more @entity0 being appropriately conveyed to the @entity4 where specialised neurosurgeons are available.

title: Identification of @entity2 ( XXXX ) in the pre-hospital setting.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research into the care of @entity1 @entity0 outside of hospital is limited. Evidence from hospital settings suggests that @entity0 factors including both technical and non-technical skills and performance may impact on care. This study sought staff views from a UK ambulance service aiming to investigate areas for improvement in resuscitation performance. METHODS: Volunteer ambulance staff responded to an open invitation to complete an anonymous internet-based survey. The survey used a mixture of closed questions, Likert-scaled answers and free text to explore staff views on resuscitation performance. Quantitative responses were presented graphically, and free text answers arranged by theme. RESULTS: 111 staff responded to the survey. The results demonstrated that staff see effective teamwork as desirable in out-of-hospital resuscitation, but that this is not always the case currently. Staff felt more confident about practical skills such as cannulation and chest compression delivery. Difficulties were noted in: poor communication between staff members; inconsistent identification and nomination of leaders; low staff confidence in peri- and post- @entity1 conversations with relatives; and insufficient staff numbers on scene. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate poor staff confidence in several non-technical skills, including teamwork and communication. Limitations of the survey included lack of recording of training received-where this has shifted in recent years from in-service to higher education routes-and missing demographic data. However, the findings provide specific areas for improvement activity. This has already included best practice slides displayed in ambulance stations, and proposals for identification wristbands, a role-based work standard to reduce task omission and duplication, and a policy to send higher numbers of rescuers to @entity1 cases.

title: Better together? Ambulance staff views of XXXX factors in resuscitation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The ratio of revascularization to medical therapy (referred to herein as the revascularization ratio) for the initial treatment of stable @entity1 varies considerably across hospitals. We conducted a comprehensive study to identify @entity0 , physician and hospital factors associated with variations in the revascularization ratio across 18 cardiac centres in the province of Ontario. We also explored whether clinical outcomes differed between hospitals with high, medium and low ratios. METHODS: We identified all @entity0 in Ontario who had stable @entity1 documented by index angiography performed between Oct. 1, 2008, and Sept. 30, 2011, at any of the 18 cardiac centres in the province. We classified @entity0 by initial treatment strategy (medical therapy or revascularization). Hospitals were classified into equal tertiles based on their revascularization ratio. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. @entity0 followup was until Dec. 31, 2012. Hierarchical logistic regression models identified predictors of revascularization. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, with a time-varying covariate for actual treatment received, were used to evaluate the impact of the revascularization ratio on clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Variation in revascularization ratios was twofold across the hospitals. @entity0 factors accounted for 67.4% of the variation in revascularization ratios. Physician and hospital factors were not significantly associated with the variation. Significant @entity0 -level predictors of revascularization were history of smoking, multivessel disease, high-risk findings on noninvasive stress testing and more severe symptoms of @entity2 (v. no symptoms). Treatment at hospitals with a high revascularization ratio was associated with increased mortality compared with treatment at hospitals with a low ratio (hazard ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.21). INTERPRETATION: Most of the variation in revascularization ratios across hospitals was warranted, in that it was driven by @entity0 factors. Nonetheless, the variation was associated with potentially important differences in mortality.

title: Determinants of variations in initial treatment strategies for stable XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This article reviews the mechanism, symptoms, causes, severity, diagnosis, prevention and present recommendations for surgical as well as non-surgical management of pressure @entity2 . Particular focus has been placed on the current understandings and the newer modalities for the treatment of pressure @entity2 . The paper also covers the role of nutrition and pressure-release devices such as cushions and mattresses as a part of the treatment algorithm for preventing and quick healing process of these wounds. @entity3 develop primarily from pressure and shear; are progressive in nature and most frequently found in bedridden, chair bound or immobile @entity0 . They often develop in @entity0 who have been hospitalised for a long time generally for a different problem and increase the overall time as well as cost of hospitalisation that have detrimental effects on @entity0 's quality of life. Loss of sensation compounds the problem manifold, and failure of reactive hyperaemia cycle of the pressure prone area remains the most important aetiopathology. @entity3 are largely preventable in nature, and their management depends on their severity. The available literature about severity of pressure @entity2 , their classification and medical care protocols have been described in this paper. The present treatment options include various approaches of cleaning the wound, debridement, optimised dressings, role of antibiotics and reconstructive surgery. The newer treatment options such as negative pressure wound therapy, hyperbaric @entity1 therapy, cell therapy have been discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of current and newer methods have also been described.

title: XXXX : Current understanding and newer modalities of treatment.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To determine whether tissue production of the IGFs is altered when fetal growth is retarded, @entity5 mRNAs were measured in tissues of fetal @entity1 subjected to placental restriction and the relationships between IGF gene expression, circulating IGF protein and fetal growth were examined. The majority of potential placental attachment sites were surgically removed from the uterus of 12 non-pregnant ewes to restrict placental size in a subsequent pregnancy. Blood and tissues were collected at 121 days of gestation (term = 150) in 12 fetuses with restricted placental size and eight normal fetuses. @entity3 and @entity4 mRNA was detected by solution hybridization/ribonuclease protection assay in placenta and all fetal tissues studied. @entity3 mRNA was most abundant in skeletal muscle and liver and @entity4 mRNA was highest in kidney and lung. Restriction of placental size reduced fetal weight by 17% and reduced the @entity2 (18%) and @entity0 concentration (23%) of fetal blood. Placental restriction also reduced @entity3 mRNA in fetal muscle (P < 0.002), lung (P < 0.05) and kidney (P < 0.01) but had no significant effect on @entity4 mRNA in any tissue. @entity3 mRNA in fetal liver, kidney and skeletal muscle correlated positively with the concentration of @entity3 protein in fetal blood (P < 0.01). There was no relationship between the concentration of @entity4 protein in fetal blood and @entity4 mRNA in any fetal tissue examined. The concentration of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in fetal arterial blood plasma measured by RIA correlated positively with fetal weight and with plasma @entity3 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of restriction of placental growth on expression of IGFs in fetal XXXX : relationship to fetal growth, circulating IGFs and binding proteins.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The COhorte de @entity0 ART  riopathes (COPART) Risk Score is a risk score assessing the 1 year outcome of @entity0 who received inpatient treatment because of their peripheral @entity2 (PAOD). The COPART Risk Score consists of six variables each of which is allocated a different number of points (age, history of @entity3 , @entity4 , ankle-brachial index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, medication with antiplatelet agents, @entity5 and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors). METHODS: 129 consecutive claudicants were included in a prospective trial with an average follow up of 8.8 (   0.7) years. All @entity0 were hospitalized for their first endovascular procedure to the pelvic and/or femoropopliteal arteries. The endpoints were all cause mortality and cardiovascular (CV) @entity1 . The COPART Risk Score was calculated for the three @entity0 cohorts (low risk: 52 @entity0 [40.3%]; medium risk: 41 @entity0 [31.8%]; high risk: 36 @entity0 [27.9%]). RESULTS: During the follow up period 23.1% (n  =  12) of @entity0 in the low risk group, 34.1% (n  =  14) of @entity0 in the medium risk group, and 63.9% (n  =  23) of @entity0 in the high risk group died. CV @entity1 occurred in 11.5% in the low, 22.0% in the medium, and 41.7% in the high risk groups. The three groups differed significantly with regard to all cause and CV mortality (p  <  .0001 and p  =  .001). CONCLUSIONS: The COPART Risk Score is a suitable instrument to predict long-term all cause and CV mortality in claudicants preceding their first peripheral intervention.

title: COPART Risk Score Predicts Long-term Mortality in Peripheral XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: (1) To assess extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and regional systolic function in @entity0 presenting with @entity5 ( @entity2 ) in areas without significant late @entity6 enhancement (LGE), and (2) to investigate the correlation between angiography collateral flow and ECV in territories supplied by @entity2 vessels. A total of 50 angiographically documented @entity2 @entity0 and 15 age- and sex-matched normal controls were recruited to the study. Myocardial ECV, was calculated in @entity3 and the entire @entity4 respectively. Segmental ECV was calculated from @entity1 within the perfusion territory of a @entity2 vessel. The global and regional systolic function was evaluated using ejection fraction and percent systolic thickening. ECVs in global @entity4 and global non-infarcted @entity4 were significantly elevated in comparison with that in controls (29.1    4.2% and 26.6    2.6% vs. 23.3    2.0%, all P < 0.005). Global ECV significantly correlated with LV ejection fraction (r = -0.56, P < 0.001) and ECV inversely correlated with systolic thickening in global non-infarcted @entity4 (r = -0.31, P < 0.05). The lower segmental ECV was associated with the presence of well-developed collaterals (P = 0.004), and multivariate binary logistic analysis demonstrated that mean segmental ECV and course of disease were the independent discriminator of collateral flow with overall diagnostic accuracy of 74.4%. In @entity0 with @entity2 , ECV is found to be increased beyond that observed with LGE, and correlates with LV regional wall motion abnormality, which appears to reflect diffuse @entity1 . Mean segmental ECV value, combined with course of disease, may serve as good predictors of collateral flow.

title: Extracellular volume fraction in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: (1) To assess extracellular volume fraction (ECV) and regional systolic function in @entity0 presenting with @entity5 ( @entity2 ) in areas without significant late @entity6 enhancement (LGE), and (2) to investigate the correlation between angiography collateral flow and ECV in territories supplied by @entity2 vessels. A total of 50 angiographically documented @entity2 @entity0 and 15 age- and sex-matched normal controls were recruited to the study. Myocardial ECV, was calculated in @entity3 and the entire @entity4 respectively. Segmental ECV was calculated from @entity1 within the perfusion territory of a @entity2 vessel. The global and regional systolic function was evaluated using ejection fraction and percent systolic thickening. ECVs in global @entity4 and global non-infarcted @entity4 were significantly elevated in comparison with that in controls (29.1    4.2% and 26.6    2.6% vs. 23.3    2.0%, all P < 0.005). Global ECV significantly correlated with LV ejection fraction (r = -0.56, P < 0.001) and ECV inversely correlated with systolic thickening in global non-infarcted @entity4 (r = -0.31, P < 0.05). The lower segmental ECV was associated with the presence of well-developed collaterals (P = 0.004), and multivariate binary logistic analysis demonstrated that mean segmental ECV and course of disease were the independent discriminator of collateral flow with overall diagnostic accuracy of 74.4%. In @entity0 with @entity2 , ECV is found to be increased beyond that observed with LGE, and correlates with LV regional wall motion abnormality, which appears to reflect diffuse @entity1 . Mean segmental ECV value, combined with course of disease, may serve as good predictors of collateral flow.

title: Extracellular volume fraction in @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The periodontal status and subgingival microflora of @entity5 -dependent @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 (n = 16, mean age = 11.3) were compared with that of their non- @entity1 cohabiting healthy siblings (HS, n = 16, mean age = 13.2). @entity1 @entity0 were monitored every 3 months for levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and clinical and microbial parameters were measured 6 weeks before drawing blood for levels of HbA1c (M% = 8.76). Clinical indices, measured for the entire permanent dentition, included: @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and plaque index (PI). @entity3 samples were obtained at 2 sites from each subject; whenever possible, the site with the deepest @entity2 and the mesial aspect of the maxillary right first molar were used. Microbial analyses were determined by cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. No significant differences were detected in any of the clinical indices for the entire dentition. The mean @entity6 for @entity1 sites was 2.32 +/- 0.83 mm and for HS sites was 2.2 +/- 0.85 mm. Mean percentage of total cultivable anaerobic microflora included Capnocytophaga spp. ( @entity1 , 13.21%; HS, 11%) and @entity4 ( @entity1 , 5.1%; HS, 7.9%). Differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. When cluster analysis was performed on sampled sites, one cluster group in @entity1 @entity0 showed significantly elevated @entity4 and lower Capnocytophaga spp. levels as compared to the overall mean. The clinical parameters of this cluster were characterized by statistically significant greater loss of attachment and @entity2 . These data would suggest few differences between @entity1 @entity0 and their HS in this population.

title: Periodontal status and selected cultivable anaerobic microflora of XXXX -dependent juvenile diabetics.

answer: @entity5