abstract: BACKGROUND: Prolonged, moderate-intensity exercise training is routinely prescribed to subjects with @entity0 . In the general population, this type of exercise can lead to fluid and @entity1 imbalance. However, little is known whether @entity0 alters the risk of fluid and @entity1 imbalances. OBJECTIVE: This study examined physiological responses, such as core body temperature, fluid and @entity1 balance, in lean (BMI<25), overweight (25<BMI<30) and @entity0 (BMI>30) subjects during prolonged moderate-intensity exercise. SUBJECTS: A total of 93 volunteers (24-80 years), stratified for BMI, participated in the Nijmegen Marches and walked 30-50 km at a self-selected pace. Heart rate and core body temperature were recorded every 5 km. Subjects reported fluid intake, while urine output was measured and sweat rate was calculated. Baseline and post-exercise plasma @entity1 levels were determined, and urinary specific gravity levels were assessed before and after exercise. RESULTS: BMI groups did not differ in training status preceding the experiment. Exercise duration (8 h 41    1 h 36 min) and intensity (72    9% HR(max)) were comparable across groups, whereas @entity0 subjects tended to have a higher maximum core body temperature than lean controls (P=0.06). Obese subjects demonstrated a significantly higher fluid intake (P<0.001) and sweat rate (P<0.001), but lower urine output (P<0.05) compared with lean subjects. In addition, higher urine specific gravity levels were observed in @entity0 versus lean subjects after exercise (P<0.05). Furthermore, plasma- @entity1 concentration did not change in lean subjects after exercise, whereas plasma- @entity1 levels increased significantly (P<0.001) in overweight and @entity0 subjects. Also, overweight and @entity0 subjects demonstrated a significantly larger decrease in body mass after exercise than lean controls (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Obese subjects demonstrate a larger deviation in markers of fluid and @entity1 balance than their lean counterparts during prolonged moderate-intensity exercise. These findings suggest that overweight and @entity0 subjects, especially under strenuous environmental conditions, have an increased risk to develop fluid and @entity1 imbalances.

title: The impact of XXXX on physiological responses during prolonged exercise.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A bioassay of technical-grade @entity8 for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by administering the test chemical in the diet to Osborne-Mendel @entity2 and B6C3F1 @entity1 . Groups of 50 @entity2 of each sex were administered @entity8 at one of two doses for 80 weeks, then observed for 30-31 weeks. Time-weighted average doses for both males and females were 5,063 or 10,126 ppm. Matched controls consisted of groups of 10 untreated @entity2 of each sex; pooled controls consisted of the matched-control groups combined with 55 untreated male or female @entity2 from similar bioassays of five other test chemicals. All surviving @entity2 were killed at 110-111 weeks. Groups of 50 @entity1 of each sex were administered @entity8 at one of two doses for 80 weeks, then observed for 11-12 weeks. Time-weighted average doses for males were 2,688 or 5,375 ppm, and for females, 3,000 or 6,000 ppm. Matched controls consisted of groups of 10 untreated @entity1 of each sex; pooled controls consisted of the matched-control groups combined with 50 untreated male or female @entity1 from similar bioassays of five other test chemicals. All surviving @entity1 were killed at 91-92 weeks. Clinical signs that appeared with increasing frequency in dosed @entity2 included @entity7 and, from week 72 until termination of the study, bright-yellow urine. Since the dosed female @entity1 did not have @entity4 in mean body weights or decreased survival compared with the controls, they may have been able to tolerate a higher dose. In @entity2 , @entity5 and @entity6 occurred with a significant dose-related trend in both the males (P=0.030) and the females (P=0.007). These @entity0 also occurred at a higher incidence in the high-dose males (P=0.035) and the high-dose females (P=0.016) than in the corresponding controls (males: pooled controls 0/62, low-dose 3/46, high-dose 4/49; females: pooled controls 0/62, low-dose 1/48, high-dose 5/50). These @entity0 included both @entity5 and @entity3 which are considered to be histogenically related. Thus these findings are interpreted as sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of @entity8 . In @entity1 , no @entity0 were found to occur at a greater incidence among dosed animals than among controls. It is concluded that under the conditions of this bioassay, technical-grade @entity8 was carcinogenic to Osborne-Mendel @entity2 , producing @entity0 of the kidney. @entity8 was not carcinogenic for B6C3F1 @entity1 .

title: Bioassay of XXXX for possible carcinogenicity.

answer: @entity8


abstract: A bioassay for possible carcinogenicity of technical-grade @entity8 ( @entity8 ) was conducted using Osborne-Mendel @entity3 and B6C3F1 @entity2 . @entity8 in @entity7 oil was administered by gavage 5 days a week, at either of two dosages, to groups of 50 male and 50 female animals of each species. Initial dosage levels for the chronic bioassay were selected on the basis of a preliminary subchronic @entity4 test. Subsequent dosage adjustments were made during the course of the chronic bioassay. The time-weighted average dosages of @entity8 in the chronic study were 29 mg/kg/day for the high dose @entity3 of both sexes, and 15 mg/kg/day for the low dose @entity3 of both sexes. The time-weighted average concentrations for the high dose male and female @entity2 were 219 and 209 mg/kg/day, respectively. The time-weighted average concentrations for the low dose male and female @entity2 were 114 and 110 mg/kg day, respectively. For each species, 20 animals of each sex were placed on test as vehicle controls. These animals were intubated with @entity7 oil at the same time that dosed animals were intubated with @entity8 mixtures. Twenty animals of each sex were placed on test as untreated controls for each species. These animals received no gavage treatments. @entity8 was administered to the high dose male and high dose female @entity3 for 64 weeks prior to sacrifice, and to the low dose female @entity3 for 73 weeks prior to sacrifice. The low dose male @entity3 were treated for 78 weeks followed by an additional 5 weeks of observation. The high dose male and female @entity2 were treated for 47 weeks prior to sacrifice; the low dose male @entity2 were treated for 59 or 60 weeks prior to sacrifice, and the low dose female @entity2 were treated for 60 weeks prior to sacrifice. In @entity3 and @entity2 of both sexes, statistically significant incidences of @entity6 of the forestomach occurred in each dosed group and a significant positive association existed between dosage level and @entity0 incidence. The incidences of @entity5 of the mammary gland were statistically significant in female @entity3 when the treated groups were compared to the controls. @entity1 was also observed at elevated incidences in all of the treated @entity3 and @entity2 when compared to their respective untreated or vehicle control groups. Under the conditions of this study, @entity8 is a stomach carcinogen in @entity3 and @entity2 of both sexes and is carcinogenic to the mammary gland in female @entity3 .

title: Bioassay of XXXX for possible carcinogenicity.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Up to recently the post-mortem diagnosis of @entity7 has been based solely on circumstantial evidence. With the development of assays for @entity9 it is now possible to verify cases of suspected @entity7 . Here we present one such case, which initially appeared to be due to @entity6 of unknown cause. A 47-year-old farmer was found dead in his bathroom around midnight. Hospital records revealed that he had previously been diagnosed with an @entity5 to house dust mites. He had also had infrequent episodes of airway symptoms, @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity2 usually after going to bed. The forensic autopsy did not give any clue to the cause of @entity1 . Serum tryptase in post-mortem blood was found to be substantially elevated in two samples (170 and >200 microg/L). Analysis of allergen-specific IgE showed high values for @entity8 and farinae. High mite allergen levels were found in dust obtained from the @entity0 's mattress. The results of the immunological tests support the assumption that he died of anaphylactic shock. The circumstances and the @entity0 's history of previous attacks after going to bed point to the fact that exposure to mite contaminated food and/or exposure to mite allergens in bed might have caused his @entity1 .

title: Death in XXXX in a @entity0 with house dust mite @entity5 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Up to recently the post-mortem diagnosis of @entity7 has been based solely on circumstantial evidence. With the development of assays for @entity9 it is now possible to verify cases of suspected @entity7 . Here we present one such case, which initially appeared to be due to @entity6 of unknown cause. A 47-year-old farmer was found dead in his bathroom around midnight. Hospital records revealed that he had previously been diagnosed with an @entity5 to house dust mites. He had also had infrequent episodes of airway symptoms, @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity2 usually after going to bed. The forensic autopsy did not give any clue to the cause of @entity1 . Serum tryptase in post-mortem blood was found to be substantially elevated in two samples (170 and >200 microg/L). Analysis of allergen-specific IgE showed high values for @entity8 and farinae. High mite allergen levels were found in dust obtained from the @entity0 's mattress. The results of the immunological tests support the assumption that he died of anaphylactic shock. The circumstances and the @entity0 's history of previous attacks after going to bed point to the fact that exposure to mite contaminated food and/or exposure to mite allergens in bed might have caused his @entity1 .

title: Death in @entity7 in a @entity0 with house dust mite XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Up to recently the post-mortem diagnosis of @entity7 has been based solely on circumstantial evidence. With the development of assays for @entity9 it is now possible to verify cases of suspected @entity7 . Here we present one such case, which initially appeared to be due to @entity6 of unknown cause. A 47-year-old farmer was found dead in his bathroom around midnight. Hospital records revealed that he had previously been diagnosed with an @entity5 to house dust mites. He had also had infrequent episodes of airway symptoms, @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity2 usually after going to bed. The forensic autopsy did not give any clue to the cause of @entity1 . Serum tryptase in post-mortem blood was found to be substantially elevated in two samples (170 and >200 microg/L). Analysis of allergen-specific IgE showed high values for @entity8 and farinae. High mite allergen levels were found in dust obtained from the @entity0 's mattress. The results of the immunological tests support the assumption that he died of anaphylactic shock. The circumstances and the @entity0 's history of previous attacks after going to bed point to the fact that exposure to mite contaminated food and/or exposure to mite allergens in bed might have caused his @entity1 .

title: Death in @entity7 in a XXXX with house dust mite @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Severe @entity5 ( @entity5 ) caused by @entity7 is described not only in preterm @entity0 but also in (near-) term babies after caesarean section (CS), especially when carried out before the onset of labour. The aim of the present study was to document the severity of this theoretically avoidable entity in order to improve obstetric and perinatal care. @entity0 : All neonates admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit of the University Hospital of Bern between 1988 and 2000 with @entity5 on the basis of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) needing mechanical ventilation (MV) after CS and with a birthweight > or = 2500 g were analysed. @entity8 was diagnosed when respiratory distress and the typical radiological signs were present. @entity0 were grouped into elective CS before onset of labour and before @entity2 of membranes (group 1, n = 34) and @entity0 delivered by emergency CS or CS after onset of labour or @entity2 of membranes (group 2, n = 22). Analysed indices for severity of @entity1 were duration of stay in intensive care unit and MV, ventilation mode, worst @entity3 ( @entity3 ), presence of pulmonary air leak, and systemic @entity4 . RESULTS: Mean gestational age (GA) was 37 2/7 weeks in group 1 and 36 2/7 weeks in group 2; no @entity0 had a GA of > or = 39 0/7 weeks. Duration of MV was 4.4 days in group 1 and 3.9 days in group 2. Thirteen @entity0 (38%) of group 1 and 7 (32%) of group 2 had to be managed by rescue high-frequency ventilation. A total of 7 @entity0 had an @entity3 >40. Eight @entity0 (24%) in group 1 and 4 (18%) in group 2 developed a pulmonary air leak. Fourteen neonates (41%) in group 1 had to be supported by @entity6 versus 5 (22%) in group 2. There was one death in group 1. CONCLUSION: Severe @entity5 on the basis of @entity8 can also occur in near-term babies after CS; even a fatal outcome can not be excluded. The severity of @entity1 in elective CS without labour may be quite high and is comparable to newborns delivered by CS (after onset of labour and/or @entity2 of the membranes) who were 1 week younger. No case of @entity8 was found in our population when CS was carried out after completion of 39 post-menstrual weeks of gestation.

title: XXXX in near-term babies after caesarean section.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Mass spectrometric techniques play a prominent role in the rapidly expanding field of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). In this paper, the authors present a novel qualitative approach for the screening of a small library of compounds using @entity0 . Chymotrypsin (CT), a @entity2 protease, was selected as the target protein. A well-known inhibitor of CT is chymostatin (CS), a naturally occurring peptide @entity1 , which is reported to be a mixture of 3 components-A, B, and C-differing only in one of the @entity3 . The authors report that native CS mixture consists of 3 additional ring hydroxylated components and that each compound exists in 2 epimeric forms. In case of protein-binding compounds, only 1 of the epimers was found to be active. A unique feature of this study is the generation of a combinatorial library of CS derivatives applying a one-pot strategy followed by identification and structural elucidation of the library components. Analytical investigation of the library resulted in the identification of 22 compounds. After incubation with CT and centrifugal ultrafiltration, 10 compounds were detected as protein-binding ligands. Finally, the complementary potentials of @entity0 in the screening of complex ligand mixtures have been discussed.

title: Development of a new approach for screening combinatorial libraries using XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system performs multiple functions in normal tissue. IGFs are involved in normal mammary gland development, but have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity0 . Epidemiological studies found an association between elevated serum levels of @entity3 and an increased risk for @entity0 . @entity3 is the major mediator of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) action. On the cellular level, @entity3 has a strong influence on cell proliferation and it is a potent inhibitor of apoptosis. Further, IGFs are also involved in angiogenesis. These characteristics are the basis for their involvement in maintenance and progression of @entity1 . The functions of @entity3 are mainly mediated through the type-I IGF-receptor ( @entity5 ). The availability of free @entity3 for interaction with @entity5 is modulated by IGF binding proteins ( @entity6 -6). Based on interactions with other receptors, including @entity2 and epidermal growth factor receptors, combined targeted therapies may improve @entity0 treatment.

title: Insulin-like growth factors and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: It has been argued that the level of genetic diversity in the modern durum @entity0 ( Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) elite germplasm may have declined due to the high selection pressure applied in breeding programs. In this study, 58 accessions covering a wide spectrum of genetic diversity of the cultivated durum @entity0 gene pool were characterized with 70 microsatellite loci (or simple sequence repeats, SSRs). On average, SSRs detected 5.6 different allelic variants per locus, with a mean diversity index (DI) equal to 0.56, thus revealing a diversity content comparable to those previously observed with SSRs in other small-grain cereal gene pools. The mean genetic similarity value was equal to 0.44. A highly diagnostic @entity1 set has been identified. A high variation in allele size was detected among @entity1 loci, suggesting a different suitability of these loci for estimating genetic diversity. The B genome was characterized by an overall polymorphism significantly higher than that of the A genome. Genetic diversity is organised in well-distinct sub-groups identified by the corresponding foundation-genotypes. A large portion (92.7%) of the molecular variation detected within the group of 45 modern cvs was accounted for by @entity1 alleles tracing back to ten foundation-genotypes; among those, the most recent CIMMYT-derived founders were genetically distant from the old Mediterranean ones. On the other hand, rare alleles were abundant, suggesting that a large number of genetic introgressions contributed to the foundation of the well-diversified germplasm herein considered. The profiles of recently released varieties indicate that the level of genetic diversity present in the modern durum @entity0 germplasm has actually increased over time.

title: Microsatellite analysis reveals a progressive widening of the genetic basis in the elite durum XXXX germplasm.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 arises as a direct result of @entity3 ; therefore, it should be well treated and conquered by gene therapy in future. In this study, @entity4 cell line SH-SY5Y experiments, in vitro and in @entity2 in vivo, were subjected to research @entity5 kinase suicide gene to treat @entity4 . The plasmid LXpsp-hytk and a plasmid LXSH were transduced separately by lipofectin into @entity0 @entity4 cell line SH-SY5Y. SH-SY5Y-hy and SH-SY5Y-hytk were selected by @entity7 . Different @entity6 (GCV) concentration was given to SH-SY5Y-hytk to determine optimal GCV concentration. The cytotoxic effect of GCV on SH-SY5Y-hytk, SH-SY5Y-hy, and SH-SY5Y cells was determined. Scapular subcutaneous @entity1 were established in @entity2 by inoculating 2.5 x 10(6) SH-SY5Y-hytk on their left sides and 2.5 x 10(6) SH-SY5Y-hy cells on their right sides for every @entity2 of treatment group and control group, respectively. After 1 week, mass grew in both sides of all the @entity2 , and from the eighth day on, every @entity2 in treatment group received daily intraperitoneal injection of GCV 50 mg/kg body weight for 14 days; every @entity2 in control group received daily intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml saline for 14 days. On day 22 @entity1 were excised and weighed on the left and right sides, respectively, and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method. Apoptotic index was calculated on the left and on the right sides, respectively, for every @entity2 in treatment group and control group. The lowest concentration of @entity7 was 60 microg/ml. The cytotoxic effect of GCV on SH-SY5Y-hytk cells was obvious (IC(50)=0.03 microM), whereas GCV showed almost no cytotoxic effect on SH-SY5Y and SH-SY5Y-hy cells (IC(50)>400 microM). SH-SY5Y-hytk was killed by concentrations of 30 microM GCV effectively and it obviously showed the bystander effect, when SH-SY5Y-hytk remained at least 18% in the mixture culture cells. The @entity1 on the left side was much smaller than that of the right side in control group (p<0.05), and apoptotic index of the left was higher than that of the right in control group (p<0.01). SH-SY5Y-hytk has the bystander effect over 18% SH-SY5Y-hytk of the mixture culture cells at the concentration of 30 microM GCV. The HSV-tk/GCV system was effective in treating SH-SY5Y @entity4 cell line in vivo as well. Our findings suggest that @entity5 kinase gene therapy could be a potential method for treating @entity4 in the future.

title: Experimental study of @entity5 kinase gene therapy of XXXX in vitro and in vivo.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 arises as a direct result of @entity3 ; therefore, it should be well treated and conquered by gene therapy in future. In this study, @entity4 cell line SH-SY5Y experiments, in vitro and in @entity2 in vivo, were subjected to research @entity5 kinase suicide gene to treat @entity4 . The plasmid LXpsp-hytk and a plasmid LXSH were transduced separately by lipofectin into @entity0 @entity4 cell line SH-SY5Y. SH-SY5Y-hy and SH-SY5Y-hytk were selected by @entity7 . Different @entity6 (GCV) concentration was given to SH-SY5Y-hytk to determine optimal GCV concentration. The cytotoxic effect of GCV on SH-SY5Y-hytk, SH-SY5Y-hy, and SH-SY5Y cells was determined. Scapular subcutaneous @entity1 were established in @entity2 by inoculating 2.5 x 10(6) SH-SY5Y-hytk on their left sides and 2.5 x 10(6) SH-SY5Y-hy cells on their right sides for every @entity2 of treatment group and control group, respectively. After 1 week, mass grew in both sides of all the @entity2 , and from the eighth day on, every @entity2 in treatment group received daily intraperitoneal injection of GCV 50 mg/kg body weight for 14 days; every @entity2 in control group received daily intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml saline for 14 days. On day 22 @entity1 were excised and weighed on the left and right sides, respectively, and apoptosis was detected by TUNEL method. Apoptotic index was calculated on the left and on the right sides, respectively, for every @entity2 in treatment group and control group. The lowest concentration of @entity7 was 60 microg/ml. The cytotoxic effect of GCV on SH-SY5Y-hytk cells was obvious (IC(50)=0.03 microM), whereas GCV showed almost no cytotoxic effect on SH-SY5Y and SH-SY5Y-hy cells (IC(50)>400 microM). SH-SY5Y-hytk was killed by concentrations of 30 microM GCV effectively and it obviously showed the bystander effect, when SH-SY5Y-hytk remained at least 18% in the mixture culture cells. The @entity1 on the left side was much smaller than that of the right side in control group (p<0.05), and apoptotic index of the left was higher than that of the right in control group (p<0.01). SH-SY5Y-hytk has the bystander effect over 18% SH-SY5Y-hytk of the mixture culture cells at the concentration of 30 microM GCV. The HSV-tk/GCV system was effective in treating SH-SY5Y @entity4 cell line in vivo as well. Our findings suggest that @entity5 kinase gene therapy could be a potential method for treating @entity4 in the future.

title: Experimental study of XXXX kinase gene therapy of @entity4 in vitro and in vivo.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Contact @entity2 of the vocal folds caused by physical trauma secondary to @entity1 has traditionally been treated by surgical removal. This mode of handling can be frequently disappointing since these lesions have a strong tendency to recur and may require additional operative procedures. This paper describes 17 @entity0 in whom treatment of the primary problem was approached through voice therapy. Treatment consisted of a comprehensive history and voice evaluation, stress reduction, relaxation methods, auditory and kinesthetic feedback, pitch change and elimination of @entity1 . @entity0 were closely followed by the speech pathologist and laryngologist who worked together as a team. The results of voice therapy were evaluated by the laryngologist, the speech pathologist and the @entity0 himself. As a result of voice therapy, the @entity2 disappeared in 9 @entity0 , was reduced in size in 4 and remained unchanged in 1. For the remaining three @entity0 , posttherapeutic laryngoscopic findings were not available. The speech pathologist found voice and manner of phonation returned to normal in 4 @entity0 , improved in 7 and remained unchanged in 6. Four @entity0 felt that complete recovery had taken place, 10 felt that some improvement was noted, and 3 felt no change had taken place. Based on the assessments of all three evaluators, the success rate of treatment with voice therapy can be stated as 71% (12 of 17 cases) or 100% (eliminating 5 of 17 cases who terminated treatment very early).

title: Effect of voice therapy on contact XXXX of the vocal fold.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Acylated ghrelin (AG) effect on GnRH secretion is mediated, at least in part, by @entity3 ( @entity3 ) which is present in the GnRH neurons. As the acylation is mandatory for binding to @entity3 , unacylated isoform of ghrelin (UAG) action on gonadotropin secretion is likely to be mediated by other receptors or mediators that have not been identified yet. UAG, therefore, may act partially via a @entity3 -independent mechanism and inhibitory impact of UAG on GnRH neurons may be executed via modulation of other @entity1 . Ghrelin and gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH), two agonistic peptides, have been known as important regulators of reproductive events. Potential impact of ghrelin on the activity of GnIH neurons is not exactly known. Both GnIH and ghrelin are potent stimulators of food intake and inhibitors of gonadotropin release. By binding G-protein coupled GnIH receptor (GnIH-R), @entity4 , which is located in the @entity0 gonadotropes and GnRh neurons, GnIH exerts an inhibitory effect on both GnRH neurons and the gonadotropes. The GnIH- @entity4 system receives information regarding the status of energy reservoir of body from circulating peptides and then transfers them to the kisspeptin-GnIH-GnRH network. Due to wide distribution of this network in brain GnIH neurons may project on ghrelin neurons in the arcuate nucleus and contribute to the regulation of UAG's central effects or vice versa. Together, the unidentified @entity3 in the @entity2 and hypophysis may be GnIH-R. Therefore, it is reasonable that ghrelin may act on both @entity2 and hypophysis via GnIH- @entity4 system to block gonadotropin synthesis and secretion.

title: Ghrelin action on GnRH neurons and pituitary gonadotropes might be mediated by GnIH- XXXX system.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In the present study, an attempt was made to correlate the neuronal responsiveness of individual preoptic-septal (POA/S) units to iontophoretically applied @entity3 with the onset of sexual receptivity. In both behavioral and electrophysiological studies, ovariectomized, @entity2 -primed @entity0 were used. In behaviorally tested @entity0 , @entity5 quotients (LQ) were determined at varying times following @entity4 (P) injection. For electrophysiological studies, P was given 1 hr after the start of recording. @entity3 was iontophoretically applied for 30 sec at 16 nA on spontaneously discharging cells. A unit was deemed excited or inhibited if a repeatable 30% change in discharge rate was observed. From 2-10 hours as the LQ increased from 17 to 90 the total number of @entity3 sensitive cells did also. The majority of responsive cells were excited by the peptide. As receptivity displayed a sharp increase from 2 to 6 hours the mean responsiveness of cells excited by @entity3 was significantly elevated over inhibitory responses. These findings confirm the E/P biasing effect on POA/S unit responses to @entity3 . Moreover, they suggest that a dynamic relationship exists between @entity3 responses at the cellular level and sexual behavior throughout the course of @entity1 -induced receptivity.

title: Neuronal responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone and its correlation with sexual receptivity in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The rate of @entity1 in lower limb vascular surgery was first evaluated in a retrospective study of 416 bypass procedures (68 venous grafts and 348 prosthetic grafts) in 400 @entity0 seen over a two-year period. 31 @entity1 (7.4%) were found. Outcome was fatal in three cases. 70% of cases were due to a @entity2 -susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic prophylaxis with @entity3 given during surgery and for the first 48 postoperative hours was used for the next 112 procedures (17 venous grafts and 95 prosthetic grafts) in 107 @entity0 . The preliminary results show a fall in the rate of @entity1 , with only 5 cases (4.4%). The only case due to a @entity2 -susceptible Staphylococcus occurred after a second surgical procedure without antibiotic prophylaxis. These preliminary results are promising although the difference does not reach statistical significance. However, it is of note that no @entity0 undergoing vascular surgery for the first time developed @entity1 . Further prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal antibiotic prophylaxis in lower limb vascular surgery.

title: [Prophylactic antibiotic therapy using XXXX in peripheral vascular surgery of the lower limbs. Preliminary results].

answer: @entity3


abstract: This prospective clinical analysis reports on the use of coral granules in alveolar ridge preservation procedures in a population of young, growing @entity0 . The sample consisted of 21 @entity0 , 12 females and 9 males, with a mean age of 13.6 years. These 21 @entity0 had 48 @entity3 suitable for augmentation with coral granules, and were followed clinically and radiographically for 3-7 years after augmentation. There were two areas of augmentation: 17 defects in the anterior maxilla resulted from traumatic @entity5 , and 31 defects in the posterior maxilla and mandible resulted from the extraction of ankylosed retained primary molars with no permanent succedaneous teeth. Between 1-2 ml of coral granules were implanted into the alveolar @entity1 left by the extraction of teeth in both the areas. This was in order to preserve the remaining edentulous ridge from further alveolar ridge resorption. The goal of the procedure was to preserve the alveolus so that in the future, a dental implant could be placed to replace the missing tooth, after jaw growth had stopped, without the need for a bone graft. The coral granules appeared to be totally replaced by the host bone on follow-up clinical and radiographic examinations. The two areas of the jaws behaved quite differently. In the anterior maxilla, where @entity5 was secondary to @entity2 , the coral granules restored the @entity3 temporarily. However, over the years of follow-up in this study, the coral granules failed to provide sufficient bone to support the placement of a dental implant without using a bone graft in 14 of the 17 defects or 82.4% of sites. In the posterior maxilla and mandible, where @entity5 was due to the elective removal of ankylosed primary molars, 29 of the 31 defects or 93.5% of sites were successful as they were able to support the placement of an osseo-integrated dental implant without the use of a bone graft. The alveolar sparing technique was more successful in maintaining an alveolar ridge sufficient for the placement of a dental implant without bone grafting in the posterior maxilla and mandible, where @entity5 was secondary to the elective removal of ankylosed deciduous molars than in the anterior maxilla, where @entity5 was secondary to @entity2 . Coral granules seem to be more suitable in the posterior maxilla and mandible where there were ankylosed deciduous teeth and congenitally absent permanent teeth than in the traumatized anterior maxilla. In successful sites, coral granules can spare the alveolus from residual ridge @entity4 or resorption, obviating the need for a bone graft. This reduces @entity0 morbidity, as a second surgical donor site is avoided because bone graft harvesting is made unnecessary.

title: Preservation of ridge dimensions following grafting with coral granules of 48 post-traumatic and post-extraction XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility of a new standard for susceptibility testing of fermentative @entity0 . This standard is based on the M27-A procedure of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS), but incorporates several modifications, including spectrophotometric growth-dependent endpoint reading. METHODS: Nine laboratories participated in the study. Common material lots were used to test six Candida species (one each of @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity6 , C. krusei, and @entity9 ), and two quality control strains (C. krusei ATCC6258 and @entity7 @entity7 ). Triplicate testing on three separate days was performed in microtiter format with RPMI-2% @entity1 , pH 7.0. @entity4 , @entity3 and @entity2 were tested. In total, 3888 MIC values were included in the analyses. Reproducibility was calculated by means of agreement (percentage of MICs within one two-fold dilution of the mode) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, maximum value of 1). RESULTS: The average intra-laboratory agreements were 99% and 96% after 24 h and 48 h of incubation, respectively, with ICCs of 0.98 and 0.97 (P < 0.05). Two strains exhibiting a trailing effect showed intra-laboratory agreement of 92% and ICCs of < 0.91 at 48 h. The inter-laboratory agreement was 94% and 88% after 24 h and 48 h, respectively, with ICCs of 0.93 and 0.91 (P < 0.05). Lower values of agreement and ICCs were obtained for strains exhibiting trailing after 48 h of incubation. @entity2 yielded the lowest values of reproducibility. CONCLUSION: The new procedure of EUCAST for antifungal susceptibility testing is a reproducible method within and between laboratories and offers several advantages over the NCCLS approved method.

title: Multicenter evaluation of the reproducibility of the proposed antifungal susceptibility testing method for fermentative XXXX of the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing Subcommittee of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AFST-EUCAST).

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 is a heterogeneous infection with regard to etiology and treatment, and currently no single management protocol exists. Management of the condition is typically an interdisciplinary approach between orthopedics and @entity1 ; however, the orthopedist is often the @entity0 who manages treatment. The aim of the study was to determine differences in the outcome of @entity3 according to its treating specialty and to identify factors associated with the recurrence of the disease. An ambispective cohort study of 129 @entity0 with @entity3 was conducted and the proportions for qualitative variables and central tendency and dispersion measures for quantitative variables were calculated; the latter were tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test. A bivariate analysis was conducted with measures of association based on the chi square test and crude relative risk. A logistic regression model was applied and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, including the model of relevant clinical variables that fit the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. We found that 70% of @entity0 were treated either by orthopedics or @entity1 . @entity0 who were treated by an orthopedist alone presented a greater risk of relapse or reinfection (RR = 4.6; 95% CI 2.3;8.9). Risk factors of @entity3 as determined in the regression model included the following: age of 57 years or older (RR = 1.3; 95% 0.3;5.2), long bones (RR = 1.9; 95% CI 0.5;7.1), @entity2 (RR = 5.0; 95% CI 0.4;51.4), monotherapy (RR = 3.0; 95% CI 0.6;14.5), receiving less than 4 weeks of antibiotics (RR = 1.5; 95% CI 0.2;10.1), inadequate treatment (RR = 3.1; 95% CI 0.4;20.1), and receiving orthopedics treatment (RR = 5.5; 95% CI 1.6;18.2). Most @entity0 evaluated jointly by orthopedics and @entity1 received adequate treatment for @entity3 and had fewer relapses.

title: Differences in the Clinical Outcome of XXXX by Treating Specialty: Orthopedics or Infectology.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity0 omental @entity1 can be classified into two types, type I and II. The type I spots are seen in the margin of the fatty tissue along the omental vessels, and the @entity2 are scattered on the omental peritoneum. In this study, histogenesis of the two types of @entity1 was examined with the light and electron microscope. 1. @entity1 are not yet observed at birth, but macrophages are already intermingled with mesenchymal cells along the omental vessels and within the omental peritoneum. 2. Fat cells first appear along the omental vessels at 1 to 2 days of age and they then form fatty tissue at 3 to 5 days. Mononuclear cells such as lymphocytes, lymphoid cells and macrophages are scattered within the fatty tissue. At 6 to 10 days capillary network is developed along the margin of the fatty tissue, and lymphocytes, lymphoid cells and macrophages are accumulated along capillaries. Thus type I @entity1 are formed. Lymphocytes and lymphoid cells are frequently seen also within the capillary lumens. They are sometimes seen crossing the capillary walls. Macrophages in the deeper zone of @entity1 are generally small, but macrophages in the superficial zone are large and well differentiated in appearance. 3. The proportions of constituent cells in type I @entity1 were examined at various ages. In spots in early life, macrophages, lymphoid cells and lymphocytes are relatively few, occupying 7 to 8% in proportion, respectively. Then lymphocytes increase in number with age, and they are more than 50% after 1 month of age. Lymphoid cells remain almost unchanged in proportion, being 7 to 11%. Macrophages constitute 2 to 3% after 1 month. 4. Type II @entity1 appear later than type I spots, and they are first seen at 12 days of age, especially on the dorsal layer of the omentum. They then increase in number with age. 5. Functional significance of the @entity1 was discussed in relation to their histogenesis.

title: [Histogenesis of the omental milk spot of the XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Commercial preparations of vasopressin for the treatment of @entity3 are not available in Mexico. Besides, the hormone is useless in the @entity5 variety. In the department of Endocrinology at the Hospital Infantil de Mexico, a preparation containing @entity1 , @entity9 and @entity6 , which reduces urinary volumes in about two thirds, is employed in all varieties of the disease. Growth in stature was investigated in 44 @entity0 under treatment, attending the Endocrine Outpatient Clinic since 1967 for a period of 2 to 12 years. Clinical material included 29 males and 15 females. There were 23 idiopathic, 7 histiocytosis, 5 @entity5 , 4 @entity2 , 2 psychogenic @entity7 , 2 traumatic and 1, as a sequel of tuberculous @entity8 . Six idiopathic, 2 @entity5 , 2 traumatic, 1 histiocytosis, and 1 psychogenic proceeded between percentiles 3 and 97, parallel to the nearest line of reference along the whole period of study. Two @entity5 , 2 histiocytosis, 1 psychogenic, 1 post- @entity8 and 14 idiopathic, grew below the third percentile, but parallel to it. One @entity5 , 4 histiocytosis, 4 @entity2 and 3 idiopathic progressively departed from the initial centile. Two of the latter had @entity4 , and 1 had been very irregularly treated. It is concluded that the therapy employed limits stature impairment but does not produce catch-up growth. Accordingly, it is proposed that the treatment of @entity3 should be started as early as possible, and that if progress in stature is appreciably deteriorated, the presence of additional pathology should be suspected.

title: [Growth in @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Commercial preparations of vasopressin for the treatment of @entity3 are not available in Mexico. Besides, the hormone is useless in the @entity5 variety. In the department of Endocrinology at the Hospital Infantil de Mexico, a preparation containing @entity1 , @entity9 and @entity6 , which reduces urinary volumes in about two thirds, is employed in all varieties of the disease. Growth in stature was investigated in 44 @entity0 under treatment, attending the Endocrine Outpatient Clinic since 1967 for a period of 2 to 12 years. Clinical material included 29 males and 15 females. There were 23 idiopathic, 7 histiocytosis, 5 @entity5 , 4 @entity2 , 2 psychogenic @entity7 , 2 traumatic and 1, as a sequel of tuberculous @entity8 . Six idiopathic, 2 @entity5 , 2 traumatic, 1 histiocytosis, and 1 psychogenic proceeded between percentiles 3 and 97, parallel to the nearest line of reference along the whole period of study. Two @entity5 , 2 histiocytosis, 1 psychogenic, 1 post- @entity8 and 14 idiopathic, grew below the third percentile, but parallel to it. One @entity5 , 4 histiocytosis, 4 @entity2 and 3 idiopathic progressively departed from the initial centile. Two of the latter had @entity4 , and 1 had been very irregularly treated. It is concluded that the therapy employed limits stature impairment but does not produce catch-up growth. Accordingly, it is proposed that the treatment of @entity3 should be started as early as possible, and that if progress in stature is appreciably deteriorated, the presence of additional pathology should be suspected.

title: [Growth in XXXX with @entity3 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is an antifibrinolytic drug that was shown to increase survival in @entity1 @entity0 , but the mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled study was to determine if @entity6 with @entity4 resuscitation with Hextend (HEX) or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) reduced @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and improved survival in a model of uncontrolled @entity3 . METHODS: Instrumented, anesthetized @entity7 (n = 11 per group) were subjected to 24-mL/kg controlled @entity3 , followed by transection of the spleen. After 15 minutes of bleeding, @entity6 (1.43 mg/kg/min) or normal saline (NS) was given over 10 minutes, and then 15-mL/kg HEX or FFP was administered. At 90 minutes, a second infusion of @entity6 or NS was given. @entity2 , coagulation status, and 5-hour survival were determined. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was added to blood samples collected before and after @entity6 administration to confirm that the @entity6 inhibited fibrinolysis. In addition, a comparison of a dose response to tPA-induced fibrinolysis was made between @entity7 and @entity0 plasma in vitro. RESULTS: @entity6 prevented the rise in d-dimers that occurred after @entity1 . However, there was no significant effect of @entity6 on survival or @entity2 compared with NS with HEX (HEX + NS, 17    2 mL/kg vs. HEX + @entity6 , 17    2 mL/kg) or FFP (FFP + NS, 7    2 mL/kg vs. FFP + @entity6 , 12    3 mL/kg), while FFP significantly reduced @entity2 and increased survival compared with HEX in the NS-treated animals. The tPA-induced fibrinolysis was inhibited in the blood from @entity6 -treated animals, yet in fibrinolysis sensitivity studies, @entity0 plasma was 30 times more sensitive to tPA-induced fibrinolysis than @entity7 plasma. CONCLUSION: @entity6 did not reduce @entity2 , even though @entity6 was antifibrinolytic in the @entity7 . The possibility remains that the @entity7 is highly resistant to fibrinolysis and not a good model to study the effects of antifibrinolytics or that fibrinolysis is not a major factor in bleeding from @entity1 .

title: Double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of early @entity5 treatment in @entity7 uncontrolled XXXX model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is an antifibrinolytic drug that was shown to increase survival in @entity1 @entity0 , but the mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled study was to determine if @entity6 with @entity4 resuscitation with Hextend (HEX) or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) reduced @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and improved survival in a model of uncontrolled @entity3 . METHODS: Instrumented, anesthetized @entity7 (n = 11 per group) were subjected to 24-mL/kg controlled @entity3 , followed by transection of the spleen. After 15 minutes of bleeding, @entity6 (1.43 mg/kg/min) or normal saline (NS) was given over 10 minutes, and then 15-mL/kg HEX or FFP was administered. At 90 minutes, a second infusion of @entity6 or NS was given. @entity2 , coagulation status, and 5-hour survival were determined. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was added to blood samples collected before and after @entity6 administration to confirm that the @entity6 inhibited fibrinolysis. In addition, a comparison of a dose response to tPA-induced fibrinolysis was made between @entity7 and @entity0 plasma in vitro. RESULTS: @entity6 prevented the rise in d-dimers that occurred after @entity1 . However, there was no significant effect of @entity6 on survival or @entity2 compared with NS with HEX (HEX + NS, 17    2 mL/kg vs. HEX + @entity6 , 17    2 mL/kg) or FFP (FFP + NS, 7    2 mL/kg vs. FFP + @entity6 , 12    3 mL/kg), while FFP significantly reduced @entity2 and increased survival compared with HEX in the NS-treated animals. The tPA-induced fibrinolysis was inhibited in the blood from @entity6 -treated animals, yet in fibrinolysis sensitivity studies, @entity0 plasma was 30 times more sensitive to tPA-induced fibrinolysis than @entity7 plasma. CONCLUSION: @entity6 did not reduce @entity2 , even though @entity6 was antifibrinolytic in the @entity7 . The possibility remains that the @entity7 is highly resistant to fibrinolysis and not a good model to study the effects of antifibrinolytics or that fibrinolysis is not a major factor in bleeding from @entity1 .

title: Double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of early XXXX treatment in @entity7 uncontrolled @entity3 model.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is an antifibrinolytic drug that was shown to increase survival in @entity1 @entity0 , but the mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled study was to determine if @entity6 with @entity4 resuscitation with Hextend (HEX) or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) reduced @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and improved survival in a model of uncontrolled @entity3 . METHODS: Instrumented, anesthetized @entity7 (n = 11 per group) were subjected to 24-mL/kg controlled @entity3 , followed by transection of the spleen. After 15 minutes of bleeding, @entity6 (1.43 mg/kg/min) or normal saline (NS) was given over 10 minutes, and then 15-mL/kg HEX or FFP was administered. At 90 minutes, a second infusion of @entity6 or NS was given. @entity2 , coagulation status, and 5-hour survival were determined. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was added to blood samples collected before and after @entity6 administration to confirm that the @entity6 inhibited fibrinolysis. In addition, a comparison of a dose response to tPA-induced fibrinolysis was made between @entity7 and @entity0 plasma in vitro. RESULTS: @entity6 prevented the rise in d-dimers that occurred after @entity1 . However, there was no significant effect of @entity6 on survival or @entity2 compared with NS with HEX (HEX + NS, 17    2 mL/kg vs. HEX + @entity6 , 17    2 mL/kg) or FFP (FFP + NS, 7    2 mL/kg vs. FFP + @entity6 , 12    3 mL/kg), while FFP significantly reduced @entity2 and increased survival compared with HEX in the NS-treated animals. The tPA-induced fibrinolysis was inhibited in the blood from @entity6 -treated animals, yet in fibrinolysis sensitivity studies, @entity0 plasma was 30 times more sensitive to tPA-induced fibrinolysis than @entity7 plasma. CONCLUSION: @entity6 did not reduce @entity2 , even though @entity6 was antifibrinolytic in the @entity7 . The possibility remains that the @entity7 is highly resistant to fibrinolysis and not a good model to study the effects of antifibrinolytics or that fibrinolysis is not a major factor in bleeding from @entity1 .

title: Double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of early @entity5 treatment in XXXX uncontrolled @entity3 model.

answer: @entity7


abstract: The variation of kinetic parameters with pH was examined for @entity0 brain hexokinase with @entity1 and @entity2 as substrates. The -log V1 and -log (V1/Km) profiles for both substrates were examined and seen to decrease below pH 6.5. All profiles asymptotically approached slopes of -1, indicating that the loss of activity in each instance was due to the protonation of a single group on the enzyme. Analysis of the data indicated two ionizable groups were involved in the reaction. One functions in the binding of @entity2 and in catalysis while the other participates in the binding of @entity1 . The -log V1 profiles both showed a "hump" attributed to a loss of activity in the pH region 7.5-5.5. Addition of @entity4 ions to the reaction mixture increased the magnitude of the hump, but the inhibition was abolished by the addition of @entity3 . Kinetic studies carried out at pH 7 indicated that @entity4 was a competitive inhibitor with respect to @entity2 and noncompetitive with respect to @entity1 . However, secondary plots of the kinetic data were nonlinear, concave downward, indicating that the inhibition is not of a simple type. Possible explanations for this phenomenon are presented.

title: pH kinetic studies of XXXX brain hexokinase.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Parasite loads of different tissues were assessed in @entity2 foetus after @entity1 . Twelve female @entity2 were infected with 100 cysts of the 76 K strain of @entity4 by the oral route. Inoculation was performed 20 +/- 5 days (G20) or 40 +/- 5 days (G40) after the beginning of gestation. Gestational age was determined by @entity3 assay. Maternal and foetal organ samples were taken 60 days after the beginning of gestation. Parasite loads (from placenta, @entity6 ( @entity6 ), cord blood (CB), foetal brain, liver, lung and spleen) were assessed by a real-time PCR quantification using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) hybridization probes on the Light Cycler. Congenital transmission was proven by the presence of parasites in blood or tissue samples of the foetus in 84.6% (11/13) and 100% (16/16) of cases after inoculation on G20 and G40, respectively. The quantitative analysis of our results after inoculation at G20 and G40 has allowed us to determinate the positive parasitic loads as a function of the origin of the sample and the period of inoculation. The parasite loads expressed as log (parasite/g) were low in @entity6 and CB samples: 1.49 +/- 0.50 and 1.05 +/- 0.10 at G20 and 1.21 +/- 0.36 and 1.20 +/- 0.42 at G40 respectively. In contrast the placenta and the different foetal tissues had higher parasite burdens: 2.89 +/- 0.54 to 5.30 +/- 0.51 at G20 and 2.81 +/- 0.71 to 3.65 +/- 0.59 at G40. All the placentae were positive for parasites even in the two cases with no proven transmission. Real time quantitative PCR using the hybridization probe was a very sensitive and reproducible technique to study the kinetics of @entity5 in the @entity2 model wich is close to that of @entity0 .

title: Parasite load in @entity2 foetus with real time PCR after maternofoetal transmission of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Parasite loads of different tissues were assessed in @entity2 foetus after @entity1 . Twelve female @entity2 were infected with 100 cysts of the 76 K strain of @entity4 by the oral route. Inoculation was performed 20 +/- 5 days (G20) or 40 +/- 5 days (G40) after the beginning of gestation. Gestational age was determined by @entity3 assay. Maternal and foetal organ samples were taken 60 days after the beginning of gestation. Parasite loads (from placenta, @entity6 ( @entity6 ), cord blood (CB), foetal brain, liver, lung and spleen) were assessed by a real-time PCR quantification using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) hybridization probes on the Light Cycler. Congenital transmission was proven by the presence of parasites in blood or tissue samples of the foetus in 84.6% (11/13) and 100% (16/16) of cases after inoculation on G20 and G40, respectively. The quantitative analysis of our results after inoculation at G20 and G40 has allowed us to determinate the positive parasitic loads as a function of the origin of the sample and the period of inoculation. The parasite loads expressed as log (parasite/g) were low in @entity6 and CB samples: 1.49 +/- 0.50 and 1.05 +/- 0.10 at G20 and 1.21 +/- 0.36 and 1.20 +/- 0.42 at G40 respectively. In contrast the placenta and the different foetal tissues had higher parasite burdens: 2.89 +/- 0.54 to 5.30 +/- 0.51 at G20 and 2.81 +/- 0.71 to 3.65 +/- 0.59 at G40. All the placentae were positive for parasites even in the two cases with no proven transmission. Real time quantitative PCR using the hybridization probe was a very sensitive and reproducible technique to study the kinetics of @entity5 in the @entity2 model wich is close to that of @entity0 .

title: Parasite load in XXXX foetus with real time PCR after maternofoetal transmission of @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Between 1989 and 1999, 36 cases with primary @entity6 were diagnosed. They were 15 male and 21 females, the median age was 62 years (range: 22 to 90 years). Eighty one per cent of @entity0 were presented symptoms of @entity2 . Lymphadenopathy, @entity1 and skin manifestations were noted in 25% of cases. Hemogram showed @entity2 , @entity4 and @entity3 respectively in 97%, 44% and 55% of cases. @entity2 with @entity8 (AREB) is the most frequent @entity5 subtypes of @entity7 (17 cases). Cytogenetic study concerned 24 @entity0 . In 13 cases the karyotype was pathological with deletion 5 q in 64% of cases. Seventeen @entity0 have received a chemotherapy. Survival rate to 36 months is 11%. At the time, the only curative treatment is the bone marrow transplantation, which is proposed to young @entity0 with HLA identical donor.

title: [Adult primary XXXX . Report of 36 cases].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is the most common @entity1 . It is a multifactorial polygenic disease with epidermal melanocyte destruction. The cytokines profile found in vitiliginous @entity0 was not fully elucidated. AIMS: We sought to assess the autoimmune nature of @entity2 by comparing plasma levels of @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in adult Sudanese @entity2 @entity0 with matched control individuals. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Case-control study was conducted in Khartoum Dermatologic Teaching Hospital, in the period between July and December 2013. The cases were 42 adult Sudanese @entity2 @entity0 matched with 43 control individuals. The cytokines were measured in the plasma by the quantitative "sandwich" ELISA. RESULTS: @entity0 showed a significant lower median (25-75(th) inter-quartile) of @entity3 than control (0.042 [0.041-0.044] vs. 0.047 [0.042-0.049]; P  <= 0.001). Both @entity4 and @entity5 showed no significant difference between cases and controls. @entity4 showed a significant inverse relationship when correlated with @entity3 (r = -0.24; P = 0.026) while showing direct relationship when correlated with age (r = 0.28; P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: The positive findings detected in this study coincide with the important immunoregulatory role of the @entity3 , and support the autoimmune nature of the disease.

title: Plasma Levels of Interleukin-17, Interleukin-23, and Transforming Growth Factor-b in Sudanese @entity0 with XXXX : A Case-Control Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is the most common @entity1 . It is a multifactorial polygenic disease with epidermal melanocyte destruction. The cytokines profile found in vitiliginous @entity0 was not fully elucidated. AIMS: We sought to assess the autoimmune nature of @entity2 by comparing plasma levels of @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in adult Sudanese @entity2 @entity0 with matched control individuals. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Case-control study was conducted in Khartoum Dermatologic Teaching Hospital, in the period between July and December 2013. The cases were 42 adult Sudanese @entity2 @entity0 matched with 43 control individuals. The cytokines were measured in the plasma by the quantitative "sandwich" ELISA. RESULTS: @entity0 showed a significant lower median (25-75(th) inter-quartile) of @entity3 than control (0.042 [0.041-0.044] vs. 0.047 [0.042-0.049]; P  <= 0.001). Both @entity4 and @entity5 showed no significant difference between cases and controls. @entity4 showed a significant inverse relationship when correlated with @entity3 (r = -0.24; P = 0.026) while showing direct relationship when correlated with age (r = 0.28; P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: The positive findings detected in this study coincide with the important immunoregulatory role of the @entity3 , and support the autoimmune nature of the disease.

title: Plasma Levels of Interleukin-17, Interleukin-23, and Transforming Growth Factor-b in Sudanese XXXX with @entity2 : A Case-Control Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The mortality of @entity0 who joined a British radiological society between 1897 and 1954 has been compared with that of (i) all @entity0 in England and Wales, (ii) @entity0 in social class 1, and (iii) male medical practitioners. Radiologists who entered the profession before 1921 suffered a @entity2 rate from @entity1 75% higher than that of medical practitioners. Among these @entity0 there was a statistically significant excess of @entity2 from @entity3 (6 against 1.9 expected), lung (8 against 3.7), and skin (6 against 0.8), and from @entity4 (4 against 0.7). There were 72 @entity2 from @entity1 among @entity0 who entered the study after 1920 and 68.6 @entity2 were expected, based upon rates among medical practitioners. For no individual @entity1 site did the observed number of @entity2 exceed the expected number. There was some evidence however, that the ratio of observed to expected @entity1 increased with the duration of time that @entity0 were included in the study. Among those followed for more than 30 years there were 30 @entity2 against 22.1 expected. It is not possible to make a close estimate of the dose of radiation received by the @entity0 in this study, but those who entered between 1920 and 1945 could have received an accumulated whole-body dose of the order of 1-5 Gy (100 to 500 rad). For all non- @entity1 causes of @entity2 combined, the @entity2 rate among radiologists is lower than that among all @entity0 in England and Wales, @entity0 in social class 1, and male medical practitioners. The data offer no support for the concept of a non-specific aging effect of radiation.

title: Mortality from XXXX and all causes among British radiologists.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Lymphadenectomy for @entity2 of the upper urinary tract has attracted the attention of physicians. The mapping study of lymphatic spread has shown that a relatively wide area should comprise the regional nodes for @entity1 of the right renal pelvis or the right upper two-thirds of the ureter. A prospective study showed that an anatomical template-based lymphadenectomy significantly improved @entity0 survival in @entity3 . This benefit was more evident for @entity0 with pT2 stage @entity1 or higher. The risk of regional node recurrence is significant reduced by template-based lymphadenectomy, which is likely to be associated with improved @entity0 survival. The removal of lymph node micrometastases is assumed to be the reason for therapeutic benefit following lymphadenectomy. The number of resected lymph nodes can be used to assess the quality of lymphadenectomy, but not to determine the extent of lymphadenectomy. The guidelines currently recommend lymphadenectomy for @entity0 with @entity4 , even though the current recommendation grades are still low. The present limitation of lymphadenectomy is the lack of standardization of the extent of lymphadenectomy and the randomized trials. Further studies are warranted to collect the evidence to support lymphadenectomy.

title: Therapeutic role of template-based lymphadenectomy in XXXX of the upper urinary tract.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Nonsurgical treatment of @entity3 using @entity4 ( @entity4 ). INDICATIONS: Metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint (20-100  ) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint (20-80  ) contractures. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Pregnancy, previous @entity1 to collagenase or excipients, anticoagulant use within 7  days prior to treatment. INJECTION TECHNIQUE: @entity4 injected directly into the Dupuytren's cord weakening the contracted cord. After injection, the @entity0 returns the following day to allow @entity4 to lyse the collagen within the cord. An extension force is then applied to the involved finger to disrupt the weakened cord. POSTMANIPULATION MANAGEMENT: Use of extension splint at night, movement instructions during the day. RESULTS: A total of 120  @entity0 (107 @entity0 ; 13 @entity0 ; mean age 62  years, range 30-84  years) were treated. In 49   % the little finger, in 44   % the ring finger, in 4   % the middle finger, and in 3   % the index finger was treated. Full release was achieved in 71   %, partial release in 26   %, and no change in 3   % of @entity0 . The median pretreatment contracture for the MP joint was 37   (range 25-100  ) and PIP joint 51   (range 30-97  ). At 12  months, the mean contracture for the MP joint was 9   (range 0-25  ) and for the PIP joint 21   (range 10-36  ). Adverse events observed in 96   % of @entity0 for 3  months . No @entity2 , anaphylactic reactions, or nerve or ligament injuries observed.

title: Injectable @entity4 as a nonsurgical treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Nonsurgical treatment of @entity3 using @entity4 ( @entity4 ). INDICATIONS: Metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint (20-100  ) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint (20-80  ) contractures. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Pregnancy, previous @entity1 to collagenase or excipients, anticoagulant use within 7  days prior to treatment. INJECTION TECHNIQUE: @entity4 injected directly into the Dupuytren's cord weakening the contracted cord. After injection, the @entity0 returns the following day to allow @entity4 to lyse the collagen within the cord. An extension force is then applied to the involved finger to disrupt the weakened cord. POSTMANIPULATION MANAGEMENT: Use of extension splint at night, movement instructions during the day. RESULTS: A total of 120  @entity0 (107 @entity0 ; 13 @entity0 ; mean age 62  years, range 30-84  years) were treated. In 49   % the little finger, in 44   % the ring finger, in 4   % the middle finger, and in 3   % the index finger was treated. Full release was achieved in 71   %, partial release in 26   %, and no change in 3   % of @entity0 . The median pretreatment contracture for the MP joint was 37   (range 25-100  ) and PIP joint 51   (range 30-97  ). At 12  months, the mean contracture for the MP joint was 9   (range 0-25  ) and for the PIP joint 21   (range 10-36  ). Adverse events observed in 96   % of @entity0 for 3  months . No @entity2 , anaphylactic reactions, or nerve or ligament injuries observed.

title: Injectable XXXX as a nonsurgical treatment for @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Data are presented on the quantitative distribution of individual @entity3 , @entity1 (NA), @entity0 (DA) and @entity2 (A) determined within specific microdissected areas of the third thoracic segment of the cat spinal cord, using a radioenzymatic assay. NA was found in much higher concentrations than the other @entity3 with highest levels in medial-ventral grey matter (754 +/- 56 ng/100 mg protein) and in dorsal and intermediolateral grey matter. DA was present in much smaller amounts, but was relatively concentrated in medial and dorsal grey matter (up to 76 +/- 1 ng/100 mg protein). Very little A was detected ( less than 17 ng/100 mg protein). Experiments were carried out to determine the contribution made by various brain stem cell groups to the @entity4 innervation of the spinal cord, and in particular the sympathetic lateral column. The concentrations of the @entity3 was determined in 5 groups of animals, 3-5 days after decerebration, or decerebration together with bilateral lesions of the A1, A2, A5 or A6 groups. A major and selective NA input to the sympathetic lateral column from the A1 cell group was revealed. There may also be a small contribution from the A2 and A6 groups, but none was shown from the A5 group. The A6 group was also shown to provide a selective noradrenergic input to the ventral horn. Some evidence is presented for the origin of noradrenergic inputs to other regions, e.g. dorsal horn. The possibility of a separate dopaminergic innervation to specific regions of the spinal cord is discussed.

title: The contribution of brain stem XXXX cell groups to the innervation of the sympathetic lateral cell column.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A comparative, computational study of the modeling of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is presented using a @entity0 head model. The magnetic fields from a typical @entity2 coil of figure-eight type is modeled using the Biot-Savart law. The @entity2 coil is placed in a position used clinically for treatment of @entity1 . Induced current densities and electric field distributions are calculated in the model using the impedance method. The calculations are made using driving currents and wave forms typical in the clinical setting. The obtained results are compared and contrasted with the corresponding ECT results. In the ECT case, a uniform current density is injected on one side of the head and extracted from the equal area on the opposite side of the head. The area of the injected currents corresponds to the electrode placement used in the clinic. The currents and electric fields, thus, produced within the model are computed using the same three-dimensional impedance method as used for the @entity2 case. The ECT calculations are made using currents and wave forms typical in the clinic. The electrical tissue properties are obtained from a 4-Cole-Cole model. The numerical results obtained are shown on a two-dimenaional cross section of the model. In this study, we find that the current densities and electric fields in the ECT case are stronger and deeper penetrating than the corresponding @entity2 quantities but both methods show biologically interesting current levels deep inside the brain.

title: Computation of electric and magnetic stimulation in XXXX head using the 3-D impedance method.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of a new protocol, Chest Abdominal-Focused Assessment Sonography for @entity1 (CA-FAST), during the primary survey and to estimate its diagnostic accuracy when compared with thoracoabdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. METHODS: A prospective accuracy study was performed from November 2012 to November 2013 at the Emergency Department. Only adult @entity1 @entity0 who underwent a CA-FAST examination prior to a thoracoabdominal CT scan were enrolled. In addition to standard patterns detected by Extended-FAST (E-FAST) such as pneumothorax (PTX), hemothorax (HTX), pericardial and intraabdominal effusion, CA-FAST protocol also included the @entity2 (LCs). RESULTS: Six hundred and one @entity0 were enrolled. The mean time for protocol execution was 7      3  min. Chest ultrasonography showed the following results (all p  <  0.001): LCs sensitivity 59  %, specificity 98  %, positive predictive value ( @entity3 ) 92  %, negative predictive value (NPV) 86  %, accuracy 87  %; PTX sensitivity 84  %, specificity 98  %, @entity3 93  %, NPV 95  %, accuracy 95  %; HTX sensitivity 82  %, specificity 97  %, @entity3 87  %, NPV 95  %, accuracy 94  %. The standard 4-views FAST examination showed a diagnostic accuracy of 91  % with a sensitivity of 75  %, specificity of 96  %, @entity3 of 81  % and NPV of 94  %. CONCLUSION: According to our results CA-FAST protocol proved to be a rapid bedside method, with good accuracy and high NPV in detection of ultrasonographic patterns suggestive of @entity1 in @entity1 @entity0 ; moreover, the additional research of LCs did not cause a delay in the diagnosis. Ultrasonography should be used as initial investigation during the primary survey, sending to further diagnostic studies (CT scan) only those @entity0 not clearly classified.

title: Chest Abdominal-Focused Assessment Sonography for XXXX during the primary survey in the Emergency Department: the CA-FAST protocol.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 means an abnormal volume and pressure relationship, and an @entity1 during the @entity1 . It is well known that at the time bladder capacity decreases, intravesical pressure increases, and the risk of @entity4 increases. Hypocompliance is usually thought to be the range from 1.0 to 20.0 mL/ @entity5 O. Though the exact cause of hypocompliance is not known, it may be caused by changes in the elastic and viscoelastic properties of the bladder, changes in detrusor muscle tone, or combinations of the two. Management aims at increasing bladder capacity with low intravesical pressure. The main is a medical therapy with antimuscarinics combined with clean intermittent catheterization. The results are sometimes unsatisfactory. Various drugs or agents through the mouth or the bladder, including @entity6 , new antimuscarinics, @entity2 and @entity3 were tried. Among them botulinum toxin-A is promising. Some @entity0 eventually required surgical intervention in spite of the aggressive medical therapy. Finally most @entity0 undergo the surgical treatment including autoaugmentation, diversion, and augmentation cystoplasty. Among them augmentation cystoplasty still seems the only clearly verified treatment method.

title: Management of Low Compliant Bladder in Spinal Cord Injured XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity4 ). We also examined improvement of @entity1 following the a1-blocker therapy for LUTS. METHODS: Sixty-eight male @entity0 were enrolled in the study, consisting of 38 cases with LUTS and @entity4 ( @entity4 group), and 30 @entity0 without significant LUTS or @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The degree of LUTS and @entity1 was evaluated by the International Prostate Symptom Score and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. The @entity0 of @entity4 group then were treated with a1-blocker for 4 weeks, and were re-examined by all the questionnaires to evaluate the therapeutic efficacies. RESULTS: The correlation analyses showed a significant association of LUTS with @entity1 in @entity4 group (r = 0.4995, P = 0.0068). Twenty cases (52.6%) in @entity4 group showed 5.5 or more PSQI scores. Following 4 weeks of a1-blocker administration, the average PSQI decreased significantly from 6.3 to 4.8 points (P < 0.001). Significant improvement was observed in domains of " @entity1 " among PSQI (P = 0.0215 and 0.0391, respectively). Moreover, significant association between a1-blocker induced improvements of @entity3 and @entity1 was identified in @entity0 with 5.5 or more PSQI score at baseline (r = 0.445, P = 0.0334). CONCLUSION: These results suggested that @entity1 is associated with LUTS among @entity4 @entity0 and therapeutic effects of a1-blockers on LUTS lead to improvements of @entity1 .

title: Effects of a1-Blockers for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and XXXX in @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity4 ). We also examined improvement of @entity1 following the a1-blocker therapy for LUTS. METHODS: Sixty-eight male @entity0 were enrolled in the study, consisting of 38 cases with LUTS and @entity4 ( @entity4 group), and 30 @entity0 without significant LUTS or @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The degree of LUTS and @entity1 was evaluated by the International Prostate Symptom Score and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. The @entity0 of @entity4 group then were treated with a1-blocker for 4 weeks, and were re-examined by all the questionnaires to evaluate the therapeutic efficacies. RESULTS: The correlation analyses showed a significant association of LUTS with @entity1 in @entity4 group (r = 0.4995, P = 0.0068). Twenty cases (52.6%) in @entity4 group showed 5.5 or more PSQI scores. Following 4 weeks of a1-blocker administration, the average PSQI decreased significantly from 6.3 to 4.8 points (P < 0.001). Significant improvement was observed in domains of " @entity1 " among PSQI (P = 0.0215 and 0.0391, respectively). Moreover, significant association between a1-blocker induced improvements of @entity3 and @entity1 was identified in @entity0 with 5.5 or more PSQI score at baseline (r = 0.445, P = 0.0334). CONCLUSION: These results suggested that @entity1 is associated with LUTS among @entity4 @entity0 and therapeutic effects of a1-blockers on LUTS lead to improvements of @entity1 .

title: Effects of a1-Blockers for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and @entity1 in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the association of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity4 ). We also examined improvement of @entity1 following the a1-blocker therapy for LUTS. METHODS: Sixty-eight male @entity0 were enrolled in the study, consisting of 38 cases with LUTS and @entity4 ( @entity4 group), and 30 @entity0 without significant LUTS or @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The degree of LUTS and @entity1 was evaluated by the International Prostate Symptom Score and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. The @entity0 of @entity4 group then were treated with a1-blocker for 4 weeks, and were re-examined by all the questionnaires to evaluate the therapeutic efficacies. RESULTS: The correlation analyses showed a significant association of LUTS with @entity1 in @entity4 group (r = 0.4995, P = 0.0068). Twenty cases (52.6%) in @entity4 group showed 5.5 or more PSQI scores. Following 4 weeks of a1-blocker administration, the average PSQI decreased significantly from 6.3 to 4.8 points (P < 0.001). Significant improvement was observed in domains of " @entity1 " among PSQI (P = 0.0215 and 0.0391, respectively). Moreover, significant association between a1-blocker induced improvements of @entity3 and @entity1 was identified in @entity0 with 5.5 or more PSQI score at baseline (r = 0.445, P = 0.0334). CONCLUSION: These results suggested that @entity1 is associated with LUTS among @entity4 @entity0 and therapeutic effects of a1-blockers on LUTS lead to improvements of @entity1 .

title: Effects of a1-Blockers for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and @entity1 in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is highly prevalent @entity1 in @entity0 and @entity0 . About 10-15% of the population suffers from urgency frequency with or without urgency urinary incontinence. It is estimated that 50-75% of @entity0 with @entity2 may have urodynamic detrusor overactivity (DO). Urodynamic study invasive and most of the @entity2 @entity0 might not accept it as a routine assessment. Therefore, a more objective and non-invasive test for diagnosis and assessing DO from @entity2 @entity0 is needed. Recently, urinary nerve growth factor (NGF) has gained great interest in detecting DO in @entity0 with @entity2 . Urinary NGF level was found to increase in @entity2 and urodynamic DO. Urinary NGF levels correlated with severity of @entity2 symptoms. @entity0 with either @entity2 may have increased urinary NGF levels. Urinary NGF levels have been shown to decrease in @entity0 with @entity0 with @entity2 and DO who have been well treated with antimuscarinics or botulinum toxin injection, but not in those with persistent @entity2 after treatment. Not all @entity0 with @entity2 can have an elevated urinary NGF level; it may also be increased in @entity0 with @entity3 / @entity4 and other lower urinary tract diseases, suggesting urinary NGF expression could be a product of @entity1 and a limited specificity of urinary NGF for diagnosing DO. The source of urinary NGF has not yet been fully explored yet. Nevertheless, urinary NGF level is likely to be a promising biomarker for diagnosis of DO from @entity2 @entity0 , to monitor therapeutic outcome and predict disease progression.

title: Promise of Urinary Nerve Growth Factor for Assessment of Overactive XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. METHODS: @entity0 with sinonasal @entity2 who underwent surgery by different approaches were included in this study. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and event-free survival were calculated, and statistically significant variables by univariate analysis were entered in a multivariate Cox regression model. RESULTS: Pathological staging was pT3, pT4a, and pT4b in 30 cases (51.7%), 17 cases (29.3%), and 11 cases (19.0%). At 3 and 5 years, @entity3 was 43.5% and 29% and event-free survival was 23.6% and 12.4%, respectively. At univariate analysis, @entity3 was significantly influenced by male sex, advanced pT classification, positive margins, and surgical approach; event-free survival was affected by positive margins. At multivariate analysis, the risk of @entity1 was independently associated with male sex (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.27; p = .04) and positive margins (HR = 2.32; p = .03). CONCLUSION: Male sex and positive margins were negative prognostic factors. Endoscopic resection did not show an increased risk of @entity1 compared with more extensive surgical approaches.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1737-E1745, 2016.

title: XXXX : A 12-year experience of 58 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Facial nerve @entity3 is the most common @entity1 , but its therapeutic strategy remains debated. The aim of this study is to analyze the @entity4 and the hearing outcomes after surgery or wait-and-scan policy in a facial nerve @entity3 series. A monocentric retrospective review of medical charts of @entity0 followed for an intratemporal facial nerve @entity3 between 1988 and 2013 was performed. Twenty-two @entity0 were included. Data were extracted pertaining to the following variables: @entity0 demographics, @entity1 localization, clinical and imaging features, @entity4 and hearing levels, and details of surgical intervention. The majority of @entity1 were located at the geniculate ganglion. Initial symptoms were mainly @entity5 and @entity2 . The average follow-up was 4.8      4.5  years. Nineteen @entity0 underwent surgery, and three @entity0 were observed. After surgery, 11 @entity0 had a stable or improved  @entity4 (57.9  %), and 8 @entity0 had a worsened  @entity4 (42.1  %). @entity4 was in the majority of cases a HB grade III, depending on surgical strategy. No @entity0 presented a postoperative HB grade V or VI. Regarding the hearing, it remained stable after surgery in 52.6  % of cases, and improved in 10.5  % of cases. Among monitored @entity0 , @entity4 and hearing remained stable. Surgery for facial nerve @entity3 is a safe and effective option in the treatment of these @entity1 .

title: Intratemporal facial nerve XXXX : clinical presentation and management.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: to analyze the characteristics of @entity5 and the risk factors for high-grade squamous @entity2 and @entity6 in @entity0 with cervical @entity3 . METHODS: a case-control study was conducted on @entity0 with cervical HPV at a Gynecology reference service enrolled at the Public Health System, located in Recife, Northeastern Brazil. The groups of cases (72 @entity0 with high-grade squamous @entity1 ) and controls (176 @entity0 with normal Pap smear or benign alterations) were investigated for six viral genotypes ( @entity4 , 18, 31, 33, 6, 11) in ecto- and endocervical material using MY09/MY11 primers. The independent variables were ranked in three levels of determination: distal (sociodemographic), intermediate (behavioral) and proximal (previous Pap smear). The homogeneity of proportions was tested (  2), unadjusted Odds Ratios (OR) were obtained and hierarchical logistic regression was applied to the final model, with adjustment of the effect of each variable to the outcome based on the variables in the same and previous levels of causality. RESULTS: the viral genotype of cervical @entity3 was identified in 76.6% of the 248 @entity0 participating in the study. High-risk HPV genotypes (83.4% of cases and 67.1% of controls) were predominant, especially @entity4 and 31. The distal risk factors identified were: living in a rural area (OR=2.71, 95%CI: 1.18-6.23), less than three years of study (OR=3.97, 95%CI: 2.09-7.54) and family income below two minimum wages (OR=3.30, 95%CI: 1.04-10.51); intermediate: four or more pregnancies (OR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.06-3.76); and proximal: absence of a previous Pap smear (OR=9.74, 95%CI: 2.48-38.28). CONCLUSIONS: genotypes 16 and 31 of cervical @entity3 are predominant among @entity0 assisted by the Public Health System in Northeastern Brazil. Socioeconomic and reproductive factors, as well as the absence of cytological screening, represent risk factors for the progression of @entity3 to high-grade squamous @entity1 .

title: [Human papillomavirus cervical @entity3 : viral genotyping and risk factors for high-grade squamous XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: to analyze the characteristics of @entity5 and the risk factors for high-grade squamous @entity2 and @entity6 in @entity0 with cervical @entity3 . METHODS: a case-control study was conducted on @entity0 with cervical HPV at a Gynecology reference service enrolled at the Public Health System, located in Recife, Northeastern Brazil. The groups of cases (72 @entity0 with high-grade squamous @entity1 ) and controls (176 @entity0 with normal Pap smear or benign alterations) were investigated for six viral genotypes ( @entity4 , 18, 31, 33, 6, 11) in ecto- and endocervical material using MY09/MY11 primers. The independent variables were ranked in three levels of determination: distal (sociodemographic), intermediate (behavioral) and proximal (previous Pap smear). The homogeneity of proportions was tested (  2), unadjusted Odds Ratios (OR) were obtained and hierarchical logistic regression was applied to the final model, with adjustment of the effect of each variable to the outcome based on the variables in the same and previous levels of causality. RESULTS: the viral genotype of cervical @entity3 was identified in 76.6% of the 248 @entity0 participating in the study. High-risk HPV genotypes (83.4% of cases and 67.1% of controls) were predominant, especially @entity4 and 31. The distal risk factors identified were: living in a rural area (OR=2.71, 95%CI: 1.18-6.23), less than three years of study (OR=3.97, 95%CI: 2.09-7.54) and family income below two minimum wages (OR=3.30, 95%CI: 1.04-10.51); intermediate: four or more pregnancies (OR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.06-3.76); and proximal: absence of a previous Pap smear (OR=9.74, 95%CI: 2.48-38.28). CONCLUSIONS: genotypes 16 and 31 of cervical @entity3 are predominant among @entity0 assisted by the Public Health System in Northeastern Brazil. Socioeconomic and reproductive factors, as well as the absence of cytological screening, represent risk factors for the progression of @entity3 to high-grade squamous @entity1 .

title: [Human papillomavirus cervical XXXX : viral genotyping and risk factors for high-grade squamous @entity1 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Long-term consequences of mild @entity1 were investigated based on a 10-year follow-up of @entity0 from a previously-published randomized controlled study of mild @entity1 . One aim was to describe changes over time after mild @entity1 in terms of the extent of persisting post-concussion symptoms, life satisfaction, perceived health, activities of daily living, changes in life roles and sick leave. Another aim was to identify differences between the intervention and control groups. @entity0 : The intervention group comprised 142 @entity0 and the control group 56 @entity0 . METHODS: Postal questionnaires with a response rate of 56%. RESULTS: No differences over time were found for the intervention and control groups in terms of post-concussion symptoms. In the intervention group some variables in life satisfaction, perceived health and daily life were decreased. Some roles had changed over the years for both groups. No other differences between the intervention and control groups were found. However, in both groups sick leave decreased. CONCLUSION: Early individual intervention by a qualified rehabilitation team does not appear to impact on the long-term outcome for @entity0 with symptoms related to mild @entity1 . The status after approximately 3 weeks is indicative of the status after 10 years.

title: Mild XXXX : a 10-year follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purposes of this study, in oncology outpatients receiving chemotherapy ( @entity10 , n=926), were to: describe the occurrence of different types of @entity5 (i.e., no @entity5 , only non- @entity1 (NCP), only @entity1 ( @entity1 ), or both @entity1 and NCP) and evaluate for differences in demographic, clinical, and symptom characteristics, and quality of life (QOL) among the four groups. @entity0 completed self-report questionnaires on demographic and symptom characteristics and QOL. @entity0 who had @entity5 were asked to indicate if it was or was not related to their @entity1 or its treatment. Medical records were reviewed for information on @entity1 and its treatments. In this study, 72.5% of the @entity0 reported @entity5 . Of the 671 who reported @entity5 , 21.5% reported only NCP, 37.0% only @entity1 , and 41.5% both @entity1 and NCP. Across the three @entity5 groups, worst @entity5 scores were in the moderate to severe range. Compared to the no @entity5 group, @entity0 with both @entity1 and NCP were significantly younger, more likely to be female, have a higher level of comorbidity and a poorer functional status. In addition, these @entity0 reported: higher levels of @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity9 , and @entity2 ; lower levels of energy and attentional function; and poorer QOL. @entity0 with only NCP were significantly older than the other three groups. The most common comorbidities in the NCP group were @entity8 , @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 . Unrelieved @entity1 and NCP continue to be significant problems. Oncology outpatients need to be assessed for both @entity1 and NCP conditions.

title: Differences in Demographic, Clinical, and Symptom Characteristics and Quality of Life Outcomes Among Oncology @entity0 with Different Types of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purposes of this study, in oncology outpatients receiving chemotherapy ( @entity10 , n=926), were to: describe the occurrence of different types of @entity5 (i.e., no @entity5 , only non- @entity1 (NCP), only @entity1 ( @entity1 ), or both @entity1 and NCP) and evaluate for differences in demographic, clinical, and symptom characteristics, and quality of life (QOL) among the four groups. @entity0 completed self-report questionnaires on demographic and symptom characteristics and QOL. @entity0 who had @entity5 were asked to indicate if it was or was not related to their @entity1 or its treatment. Medical records were reviewed for information on @entity1 and its treatments. In this study, 72.5% of the @entity0 reported @entity5 . Of the 671 who reported @entity5 , 21.5% reported only NCP, 37.0% only @entity1 , and 41.5% both @entity1 and NCP. Across the three @entity5 groups, worst @entity5 scores were in the moderate to severe range. Compared to the no @entity5 group, @entity0 with both @entity1 and NCP were significantly younger, more likely to be female, have a higher level of comorbidity and a poorer functional status. In addition, these @entity0 reported: higher levels of @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity9 , and @entity2 ; lower levels of energy and attentional function; and poorer QOL. @entity0 with only NCP were significantly older than the other three groups. The most common comorbidities in the NCP group were @entity8 , @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 . Unrelieved @entity1 and NCP continue to be significant problems. Oncology outpatients need to be assessed for both @entity1 and NCP conditions.

title: Differences in Demographic, Clinical, and Symptom Characteristics and Quality of Life Outcomes Among Oncology XXXX with Different Types of @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Operative mortality after intestinal resection in 155 @entity0 with @entity1 was 8.4%. In 12 of 13 the cause of death was septic complications, most of them related to prolonged pre-operative @entity3 medication. Follow-up examination was possible in 90% of all discharges. Five-year recurrence rate was 37.6%. Recurrence was not prevented by long-term drug treatment. Purely macroscopic assessment of the resection margins would have led to excision within diseased gut: for this reason frozen sections are recommended before the @entity2 is made. Primary death-rate in 30 cases of colectomy with primary ileorectostomy was 3%. In three @entity0 the rectum had to be excised, while in one the @entity2 had to be taken down because of recurrence. The failure rate was thus only 11%. If rectoscopy, stepwise biopsy and intra-operative frozen section indicate a normal rectum it is recommended that ileorectostomy be done rather than diversion ileostomy with occlusion of the rectum or even proctocolectomy.

title: [Surgery of XXXX : a study of 155 @entity0 after intestinal resection (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Operative mortality after intestinal resection in 155 @entity0 with @entity1 was 8.4%. In 12 of 13 the cause of death was septic complications, most of them related to prolonged pre-operative @entity3 medication. Follow-up examination was possible in 90% of all discharges. Five-year recurrence rate was 37.6%. Recurrence was not prevented by long-term drug treatment. Purely macroscopic assessment of the resection margins would have led to excision within diseased gut: for this reason frozen sections are recommended before the @entity2 is made. Primary death-rate in 30 cases of colectomy with primary ileorectostomy was 3%. In three @entity0 the rectum had to be excised, while in one the @entity2 had to be taken down because of recurrence. The failure rate was thus only 11%. If rectoscopy, stepwise biopsy and intra-operative frozen section indicate a normal rectum it is recommended that ileorectostomy be done rather than diversion ileostomy with occlusion of the rectum or even proctocolectomy.

title: [Surgery of @entity1 : a study of 155 XXXX after intestinal resection (author's transl)].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the natural evolution of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) reinnervation in an animal model. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty @entity0 underwent unilateral RLN transection and @entity1 . Animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks. Prior to sacrifice, each @entity0 underwent electromyography (EMG) and visual grading of vocal fold motion. Bilateral RLNs were harvested and evaluated histologically. RESULTS: EMG revealed synkinetic reinnervation at all time periods except at 4 weeks. EMG evolution plateaued at 16 weeks. Vocal fold motion was slight in three @entity0 at 4 weeks but was otherwise absent except for one @entity0 at 12 weeks. Histologic changes of the axons and their myelin sheaths were consistent at each time period. At 16 weeks, histologic changes plateaued. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent EMG, histologic, and vocal fold motion changes occur at specific time periods during RLN reinnervation after transection and @entity1 in a @entity0 model. Reinnervation is mature at 16 weeks. Findings corroborate theories of preferential and synkinetic reinnervation after RLN transection. Use of a @entity0 model to investigate the effect of interventions on RLN reinnervation requires a minimum of 16 weeks between transection and investigation to allow for maturation of reinnervation.

title: Electromyographic and histologic evolution of the recurrent laryngeal nerve from transection and XXXX to mature reinnervation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: @entity1 are a rare cause of @entity2 and stridor in the pediatric population. Currently, there is no clear consensus on what type of @entity1 are common in the postcricoid area because adequate histological or immunohistochemistry studies are lacking. This study aimed to describe the histology and immunohistochemistry of postcricoid masses in our institutions' experience, and consolidate available data on the symptoms, management, and histology of these unusual malformations with a comprehensive literature review. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective @entity0 and literature review. METHODS: A retrospective review of @entity0 with @entity1 was performed at two pediatric tertiary care institutions. Histology and immunohistochemistry studies were performed in @entity0 undergoing a lesion biopsy. A complete literature review of the English language was completed for cases involving @entity1 of the postcricoid area. RESULTS: Four @entity0 were identified in our study with @entity1 . All @entity0 presented with symptoms of @entity2 and intermittent stridor. Histology and immunohistochemistry studies were performed in three @entity0 . @entity4 was negative in all three @entity0 , and @entity7 was positive in all @entity0 tested. Lewis Y antigen was performed in one @entity0 and was negative. A description of 19 cases reported in the English literature is included. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity1 usually present with mild to moderate feeding difficulties, and stridor or @entity3 with @entity6 . Histopathology and immunohistochemistry results suggest that @entity1 may often represent @entity5 instead of infantile @entity8 .

title: XXXX : histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The growth of newly formed vessels, or neoangiogenesis, represents an important step in both physiological and pathological situations: in particular, @entity2 growth and @entity1 require angiogenesis. Microvessel count (MC), which represents a measure of @entity2 angiogenesis, has been associated with metastatic spread in cutaneous, mammary, prostatic, head and neck, and @entity2 . In this study, the role of @entity2 angiogenesis as a prognostic indicator was examined in 253 primary @entity4 (NSCLC) @entity0 . Microvessels were counted by highlighting endothelial cells with anti-Factor VIII monoclonal antibody (Mab) in methacarn-fixed @entity2 samples. In univariat analysis, MC (P< 0.000001), sex (P=0.0036), histotype (P < 0.014), @entity2 status (P <0.007), and vessel invasion (P < 0.019) were significantly related to hilar and/or mediastinal nodal involvement. However, in the stepwise logistic regression analysis, MC (P<0.000003) retained the most important influence on nodal @entity1 . The overall survival analysis calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method revealed that @entity2 with high MC ( > 25 vessels/field) were significantly associated with @entity3 (log-rank test P = 0.00067; Cox's test P = 0.00046; Gehan's Wilcoxon test P = 0.00108). In 94 @entity0 , the development of @entity1 during follow-up was significantly related to MC. Indeed, @entity0 who developed @entity1 during follow-up showed a higher MC, either as a dichotomous (P = 0.01) or as a continuous (P = 0.003) variable, than @entity0 who had developed no @entity1 at the time of the analysis. Moreover, in the stepwise logistic regression analysis, MC retained the most important influence on distant metastases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Microvessel count predicts @entity1 and survival in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The growth of newly formed vessels, or neoangiogenesis, represents an important step in both physiological and pathological situations: in particular, @entity2 growth and @entity1 require angiogenesis. Microvessel count (MC), which represents a measure of @entity2 angiogenesis, has been associated with metastatic spread in cutaneous, mammary, prostatic, head and neck, and @entity2 . In this study, the role of @entity2 angiogenesis as a prognostic indicator was examined in 253 primary @entity4 (NSCLC) @entity0 . Microvessels were counted by highlighting endothelial cells with anti-Factor VIII monoclonal antibody (Mab) in methacarn-fixed @entity2 samples. In univariat analysis, MC (P< 0.000001), sex (P=0.0036), histotype (P < 0.014), @entity2 status (P <0.007), and vessel invasion (P < 0.019) were significantly related to hilar and/or mediastinal nodal involvement. However, in the stepwise logistic regression analysis, MC (P<0.000003) retained the most important influence on nodal @entity1 . The overall survival analysis calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method revealed that @entity2 with high MC ( > 25 vessels/field) were significantly associated with @entity3 (log-rank test P = 0.00067; Cox's test P = 0.00046; Gehan's Wilcoxon test P = 0.00108). In 94 @entity0 , the development of @entity1 during follow-up was significantly related to MC. Indeed, @entity0 who developed @entity1 during follow-up showed a higher MC, either as a dichotomous (P = 0.01) or as a continuous (P = 0.003) variable, than @entity0 who had developed no @entity1 at the time of the analysis. Moreover, in the stepwise logistic regression analysis, MC retained the most important influence on distant metastases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Microvessel count predicts XXXX and survival in @entity4 .

answer: @entity1