abstract: BACKGROUND: Although ion fluxes are considered to be an integral part of signal transduction during responses to pathogens, only a few ion channels are known to participate in the plant response to infection. @entity9 is a disease resistance-related cyclic @entity2 -gated ion channel. @entity4 @entity9 mutants @entity9 and @entity9 display an impaired hypersensitive response (HR), @entity3 , a constitutively active @entity7 (SA)-mediated pathogenesis-related response and elevated resistance against bacterial pathogens. @entity5 @entity9 shares 67% aa identity with @entity9 . The @entity5 mutant nec1 comprising of a frame-shift mutation of @entity9 displays a @entity0 phenotype and constitutively over-expresses PR-1, yet it is not known what effect the nec1 mutation has on @entity5 resistance against different types of pathogens. RESULTS: nec1 mutant accumulated high amount of SA and @entity1 compared to parental cv. Parkland. Experiments investigating nec1 disease resistance demonstrated positive effect of nec1 mutation on non-host resistance against @entity6 . tomato (Pst) at high inoculum density, whereas at normal Pst inoculum concentration nec1 resistance did not differ from wt. In contrast to augmented @entity6 resistance, penetration resistance against biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis @entity8 . hordei (Bgh), the causal agent of powdery mildew, was not altered in nec1. The nec1 mutant significantly over-expressed race non-specific Bgh resistance-related genes BI-1 and MLO. Induction of BI-1 and MLO suggested putative involvement of nec1 in race non-specific Bgh resistance, therefore the effect of nec1on mlo-5-mediated Bgh resistance was assessed. The nec1/mlo-5 double mutant was as resistant to Bgh as Nec1/mlo-5 plants, suggesting that nec1 did not impair mlo-5 race non-specific Bgh resistance. CONCLUSIONS: Together, the results suggest that nec1 mutation alters activation of systemic acquired resistance-related physiological markers and non-host resistance in @entity5 , while not changing rapid localized response during compatible interaction with host pathogen. Increased resistance of nec1 against non-host pathogen Pst suggests that nec1 mutation may affect certain aspects of @entity5 disease resistance, while it remains to be determined, if the effect on disease resistance is a direct response to changes in SA signaling.

title: Differential disease resistance response in the XXXX @entity0 mutant nec1.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although ion fluxes are considered to be an integral part of signal transduction during responses to pathogens, only a few ion channels are known to participate in the plant response to infection. @entity9 is a disease resistance-related cyclic @entity2 -gated ion channel. @entity4 @entity9 mutants @entity9 and @entity9 display an impaired hypersensitive response (HR), @entity3 , a constitutively active @entity7 (SA)-mediated pathogenesis-related response and elevated resistance against bacterial pathogens. @entity5 @entity9 shares 67% aa identity with @entity9 . The @entity5 mutant nec1 comprising of a frame-shift mutation of @entity9 displays a @entity0 phenotype and constitutively over-expresses PR-1, yet it is not known what effect the nec1 mutation has on @entity5 resistance against different types of pathogens. RESULTS: nec1 mutant accumulated high amount of SA and @entity1 compared to parental cv. Parkland. Experiments investigating nec1 disease resistance demonstrated positive effect of nec1 mutation on non-host resistance against @entity6 . tomato (Pst) at high inoculum density, whereas at normal Pst inoculum concentration nec1 resistance did not differ from wt. In contrast to augmented @entity6 resistance, penetration resistance against biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis @entity8 . hordei (Bgh), the causal agent of powdery mildew, was not altered in nec1. The nec1 mutant significantly over-expressed race non-specific Bgh resistance-related genes BI-1 and MLO. Induction of BI-1 and MLO suggested putative involvement of nec1 in race non-specific Bgh resistance, therefore the effect of nec1on mlo-5-mediated Bgh resistance was assessed. The nec1/mlo-5 double mutant was as resistant to Bgh as Nec1/mlo-5 plants, suggesting that nec1 did not impair mlo-5 race non-specific Bgh resistance. CONCLUSIONS: Together, the results suggest that nec1 mutation alters activation of systemic acquired resistance-related physiological markers and non-host resistance in @entity5 , while not changing rapid localized response during compatible interaction with host pathogen. Increased resistance of nec1 against non-host pathogen Pst suggests that nec1 mutation may affect certain aspects of @entity5 disease resistance, while it remains to be determined, if the effect on disease resistance is a direct response to changes in SA signaling.

title: Differential disease resistance response in the @entity5 XXXX mutant nec1.

answer: @entity0


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity4 is widely considered to be poorly effective in @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to obtain a more accurate picture of the efficacy of @entity4 in @entity3 , both alone and in combination with @entity2 analogs. DESIGN: We systematically reviewed all trials of @entity4 therapy for @entity3 published up to 2009 in four databases (PubMed, Pascal, Embase, and Google Scholar). We identified 15 studies (11 prospective) with a total of 237 @entity0 ; none were randomized or placebo-controlled. A meta-analysis was conducted on individual data (n = 227). RESULTS: @entity4 was used alone in nine studies. Fifty-one (34%) of the 149 @entity0 achieved normal @entity1 levels. In multivariate analysis, the decline in @entity1 was related to the baseline @entity1 concentration (b = 1.16; P <0.001), treatment duration (b = 0.28; P < 0.001), and baseline prolactin concentration (b = -0.18; P = 0.01), and with a trend toward a relation with the @entity4 dose (b = 0.38; P =0.07). In five studies, @entity4 was added to ongoing @entity2 analog treatment that had failed to normalize @entity1 . Forty @entity0 (52%) achieved normal @entity1 levels. The change in @entity1 was significantly related to the baseline @entity1 level (b = 0.74; P < 0.001) but not to the dose of @entity4 , the duration of treatment, or the baseline prolactin concentration. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that @entity4 single-agent therapy normalizes @entity1 levels in one third of @entity0 with @entity3 . When a @entity2 analog fails to control @entity3 , @entity4 adjunction normalizes @entity1 in about 50% of cases. This effect may occur even in @entity0 with normoprolactinemia.

title: Place of XXXX in @entity3 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity4 is widely considered to be poorly effective in @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to obtain a more accurate picture of the efficacy of @entity4 in @entity3 , both alone and in combination with @entity2 analogs. DESIGN: We systematically reviewed all trials of @entity4 therapy for @entity3 published up to 2009 in four databases (PubMed, Pascal, Embase, and Google Scholar). We identified 15 studies (11 prospective) with a total of 237 @entity0 ; none were randomized or placebo-controlled. A meta-analysis was conducted on individual data (n = 227). RESULTS: @entity4 was used alone in nine studies. Fifty-one (34%) of the 149 @entity0 achieved normal @entity1 levels. In multivariate analysis, the decline in @entity1 was related to the baseline @entity1 concentration (b = 1.16; P <0.001), treatment duration (b = 0.28; P < 0.001), and baseline prolactin concentration (b = -0.18; P = 0.01), and with a trend toward a relation with the @entity4 dose (b = 0.38; P =0.07). In five studies, @entity4 was added to ongoing @entity2 analog treatment that had failed to normalize @entity1 . Forty @entity0 (52%) achieved normal @entity1 levels. The change in @entity1 was significantly related to the baseline @entity1 level (b = 0.74; P < 0.001) but not to the dose of @entity4 , the duration of treatment, or the baseline prolactin concentration. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis suggests that @entity4 single-agent therapy normalizes @entity1 levels in one third of @entity0 with @entity3 . When a @entity2 analog fails to control @entity3 , @entity4 adjunction normalizes @entity1 in about 50% of cases. This effect may occur even in @entity0 with normoprolactinemia.

title: Place of @entity4 in XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Kakkon-to, a traditional herbal medicine (Kampo formula), has been used historically in China and Japan for the treatment of @entity4 such as @entity8 and the common cold. However, the biological mechanism of its therapeutic action has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the immunological function of Kakkon-to and found that the high molecular weight fraction of the extract activated macrophages in vitro. This fraction was found to be composed primarily of @entity10 and in vitro intensively stimulated @entity1 peritoneal macrophages that produce @entity5 inflammatory cytokines such as @entity0 @entity2 factor a ( @entity7 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and @entity9 ( @entity9 ). The fraction did not activate macrophages from C3H/HeJ lacking @entity11 ( @entity11 ) or @entity12 -deficient @entity1 , indicating that macrophage activation by the fraction was mediated by @entity11 . The route of administration of the fraction into @entity1 regulated the kinetics of @entity7 production in immune organs. Intravenous administration induced @entity7 production in the four target organs of spleen, liver, lung, and Peyer  s patch; however, the most abundant production occurred in the liver and peaked at 30-60 min post administration. Peritoneal administration induced similar kinetics but the most abundant production occurred in the spleen. In contrast, oral administration induced @entity7 production in the liver, lung, and Peyer  s patch, but not in the spleen. Although liver and lung are @entity7 -abundant organs, production peaks in these organs occurred later than in Peyer  s patch. We also found that the fraction induced antibody production as an adjuvant against a specific antigen ovalbumin (OVA) when administered simultaneously and subcutaneously in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the fraction induced IgG-class antibody in response to low doses of the antigen, which induced only IgM-class antibody when administered alone, suggesting that the fraction induces a class switch of immunoglobulin as an adjuvant in vivo. The high molecular weight fraction of Kakkon-to extract could be applicable as a potent immunostimulating drug and adjuvant.

title: XXXX -dependent adjuvant activity of Kakkon-to extract exists in the high molecular weight polysaccharide fraction.

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a rare case of 45,X @entity5 with @entity3 and clitoromegaly caused by @entity1 . DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Tertiary care pediatric hospital. @entity0 (S): An 11-and-a-half-year-old @entity0 with 45,X karyotype showed signs of accelerated growth and clitoromegaly and was found to have elevated serum T. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to confirm her karyotype as monosomy X and absence of the @entity6 gene. Elevated gonadotropins indicated @entity4 . INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic bilateral gonadectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum T level. RESULT(S): Pathology showed @entity1 within the removed gonads. Serum T levels returned to normal after gonadectomy. CONCLUSION(S): Ovarian @entity2 is an extremely rare cause of virilization in @entity5 . Gonadectomy should be considered for @entity0 with confirmed 45,X karyotype who exhibit virilization.

title: Ovarian XXXX as the cause of virilization in 45,X @entity5 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe a rare case of 45,X @entity5 with @entity3 and clitoromegaly caused by @entity1 . DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Tertiary care pediatric hospital. @entity0 (S): An 11-and-a-half-year-old @entity0 with 45,X karyotype showed signs of accelerated growth and clitoromegaly and was found to have elevated serum T. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to confirm her karyotype as monosomy X and absence of the @entity6 gene. Elevated gonadotropins indicated @entity4 . INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopic bilateral gonadectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum T level. RESULT(S): Pathology showed @entity1 within the removed gonads. Serum T levels returned to normal after gonadectomy. CONCLUSION(S): Ovarian @entity2 is an extremely rare cause of virilization in @entity5 . Gonadectomy should be considered for @entity0 with confirmed 45,X karyotype who exhibit virilization.

title: Ovarian @entity2 as the cause of virilization in 45,X XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: We determined whether increasing the number of cores at first prostate biopsy would improve the @entity1 detection rate without increasing the detection of clinically insignificant @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2009 to January 2010 @entity0 scheduled for prostate biopsy were randomized to 12 or 18-core sampling. Study inclusion criteria were 1) age 45 to 75 years, 2) abnormal digital rectal examination and/or prostate specific antigen 4 to 20 ng/ml, and 3) no previous biopsy. The primary end point was the @entity1 detection rate. Secondary end points were clinically insignificant @entity1 detection and morbidity. RESULTS: A total of 150 @entity0 were enrolled in the study. Preoperative variables were similar in the 2 groups of 75 @entity0 each. @entity1 was detected in 23 @entity0 (30.7%) in group 1 and in 36 (48%) in group 2 (p = 0.02). More cases of insignificant @entity1 were detected in group 2 (p not significant). In @entity0 with prostate volume 65 cc or less the detection rate was 30.9% in group 1 and 52.8% in group 2 (p = 0.02). In @entity0 with prostate specific antigen 10 ng/ml or less the detection rate was 19.6% in group 1 and 38.4% in group 2 (p = 0.03). Two group 2 @entity0 (5.5%) were diagnosed based on additional samples but the diagnosis corresponded to insignificant @entity1 . There was no statistically significant difference in morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: The 18-core protocol improves @entity2 detection without increasing morbidity. Results suggest that the 12-core biopsy protocol is adequate for @entity2 detection at first biopsy.

title: Extended sampling at first biopsy improves XXXX detection rate: results of a prospective, randomized trial comparing 12 versus 18-core prostate biopsy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Recent studies evaluating interposed abdominal compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (IAC-CPR) have demonstrated a significant increase in cardiac output, mean arterial pressure, and cerebral perfusion, as compared with standard CPR. A clinical evaluation of IAC-CPR effectiveness on resuscitation outcome has not been reported. A prospective randomized study comparing IAC-CRP with standard CPR for resuscitation of prehospital @entity1 was undertaken using the Milwaukee County Paramedic System. The @entity0 were randomized following endotracheal intubation into IAC-CPR and standard CPR groups. Since October 1983, 291 @entity0 have qualified for the study group. Of these, 146 @entity0 had standard CPR, and 45 (31%) were successfully resuscitated. Of the 145 @entity0 treated with IAC-CPR, 40 (28%) were successfully resuscitated. Chi-square analysis reveals no significant difference between these groups. To determine whether abdominal compression increases regurgitation, the frequency of emesis before and after intubation was analyzed. No significant difference was found between the IAC-CPR and standard CPR groups. Thus, IAC-CPR applied by paramedics in the field to @entity0 following intubation does not improve cardiac resuscitation rates.

title: Pre-hospital IAC-CPR versus standard CPR: paramedic resuscitation of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and evolutive characteristics of pediatric @entity0 with severe @entity4 (SHI). MATERIAL AND METHOD: A review was made of the @entity0 admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with SHI between July 1983 and December 2009. RESULTS: Of the 389 @entity0 with @entity4 admitted to the PICU during the study period, 174 (45%) presented SHI. The mean age in this group was of 67  9 months, with a Glasgow @entity5 Score (GCS) of 5.5  1.8 and a PRISM score of 10.7  6.7. The most frequent etiology of SHI was traffic accidents (56%), though these have decreased significantly in the last decade (58.5% vs 45.3%; P<.001). Twenty-one percent of the @entity0 required evacuation of the lesions detected by computed tomography (CT), and 39% presented severe @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Seventy-nine percent of the @entity0 in whom @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was monitored presented @entity3 . Sequelae of clinical relevance were recorded in 59 @entity0 (39%), and proved serious in 64% of the cases. The mortality rate in this @entity0 series was 24.7%. Intracranial @entity1 decreased significantly in the last decade (88% vs 54%; P<.05), and clinical recovery has improved (23.3% vs 63.1%; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: a) The incidence of traffic accidents has decreased in the last decade in the studied population; b) @entity0 with SHI in which @entity3 was monitored showed a high incidence of @entity3 ; c) morbidity-mortality among pediatric @entity0 with SHI has decreased over the course of the study period.

title: [Severe pediatric XXXX (I). Epidemiology, clinical manifestations and course].

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The effect of the type of @entity4 on subjective @entity5 and recovery has not been addressed in orthognathic surgery. Using neurophysiologic monitoring during 19 bilateral sagittal split osteotomy operations, we were able to classify intraoperative inferior @entity4 as either @entity2 . This study aimed to analyze the quality and extent of the subjective sensations experienced by the @entity0 after these 2 injury types at different time points up to 12 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 36 injured nerves, 21 showed signs of @entity2 and 15 showed signs of @entity3 . The quality of subjective sensory symptoms was asked about at 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and classified into 4 categories: normal, negative, positive (including @entity6 ), and mixed sensations. In addition, the extent of the sensory alteration was determined by measuring the affected skin regions from symptom charts. RESULTS: The quantity, quality, and evolution of experienced subjective sensations differed between the injury types during follow-up: Subjective sensations normalized more rapidly after demyelinating-type injuries than after axonal-type injuries. Persistence of mixed sensation patterns at 3 months and appearance instead of disappearance of positive sensory phenomena after 3 months indicated @entity3 . @entity6 sensations at 1 month or later after surgery indicated @entity3 and predicted poor recovery and more long-term sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 at 1 month and type of @entity4 are important prognostic factors for the persistence of subjective symptoms and development of @entity1 .

title: Subjective sensory symptoms associated with XXXX after mandibular sagittal split osteotomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In this study we aimed to determine current distribution and short-term analgesic effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in @entity2 using different electrode montages. For each electrode montage, clinical effects were correlated with predictions of induced cortical current flow using magnetic resonance imaging-derived finite element method head model. Thirty @entity0 were randomized into 5 groups (Cathodal-M1 [primary motor cortex], Cathodal-SO [supra-orbital area], Anodal-M1, Anodal-SO, and Sham) to receive tDCS application (2 mA, 20 minutes) using an extracephalic montage. @entity1 was measured using a visual numerical scale (VNS), pressure @entity1 threshold (PPT), and a body diagram (BD) evaluating @entity1 area. There was significant @entity1 reduction in cathodal-SO and anodal-SO groups indexed by VNS. For @entity3 there was a trend for a similar effect in anodal-SO group. Computer simulation indicated that the M1-extracephalic montage produced dominantly temporo-parietal current flow, consistent with lack of clinical effects with this montage. Conversely, the SO-extracephalic montage produced current flow across anterior prefrontal structures, thus supporting the observed analgesic effects. Our clinical and modeling findings suggest that electrode montage, considering both electrodes, is critical for the clinical effects of M1-tDCS as electric current needs to be induced in areas associated with the @entity1 matrix. These results should be taken into consideration for the design of @entity1 tDCS studies. PERSPECTIVE: Results in this article support that electrode montage is a critical factor to consider for the clinical application of tDCS for @entity1 control, as there is an important correlation between the location of induced electrical current and tDCS-induced analgesic effects.

title: Transcranial DC stimulation in XXXX : optimized cortical target supported by high-resolution computational models.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Attempts to repair @entity1 in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) by transplanting skeletal myoblasts directly into muscles are faced with the problem of the limited migration of these cells in the muscles. The delivery of myogenic stem cells to the sites of @entity1 via the systemic circulation is a potential alternative approach to treat this disease. Muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) were obtained by a MACS(R) multisort method. Clones of MDSCs, which were @entity5 +/ @entity6 -/ @entity4 +, were found to adhere firmly to the endothelium of mdx dystrophic muscles after i.v. or i.m. injections. The subpopulation of @entity5 +/ @entity6 - MDSCs expressing @entity4 was called homing MDSCs (HMDSCs). Treatment of HMDSCs with antibodies against @entity4 prevented adhesion to the muscle endothelium. Importantly, we found that vascular endothelium from striate muscle of young mdx @entity0 expresses mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 ( @entity7 ), a ligand for @entity4 . Our results showed for the first time that the expression of the adhesion molecule @entity4 is important for muscle homing of MDSCs. This discovery will aid in the improvement of a potential therapy for @entity3 based on the systemic delivery of MDSCs.

title: Identification of a putative pathway for the muscle homing of stem cells in a XXXX model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: During @entity3 (HSV) glycoprotein D (gD) interacts with a specific cellular receptor such as nectin-1 ( @entity2 /HveC/CD111) or the herpesvirus entry mediator A (HVEM/HveA). Nectin-1 is involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. It is located at adherens junctions, where it bridges cells through homophilic or heterophilic interactions with other nectins. Binding of @entity0 prevents nectin-1-mediated cell aggregation. Since @entity0 affects the natural function of nectin-1, we further investigated the effects of gD expression on nectin-1 during @entity1 or in transfected cells. We also studied the importance of the interaction between nectin-1 and the cytoplasmic protein afadin for HSV entry and spread as well as the effects of infection on this interaction. In these investigations, we used a panel of cells expressing nectin-1 or nectin-1-green fluorescent protein fusions as the only mediators of HSV entry. During @entity1 , nectin-1 localization at adherens junction was dramatically altered in a manner dependent on gD expression. Nectin-1 and gD colocalized at cell contact areas between infected and noninfected cells and at the edges of plaques. This specific accumulation of gD at junctions was driven by expression of nectin-1 in trans on the surface of adjacent cells. Reciprocally, nectin-1 was maintained at junctions by the trans expression of gD in the absence of a cellular natural ligand. Our observations indicate that newly synthesized gD substitutes for nectin-1 of infected cells at junctions with noninfected cells. We propose that gD attracts and maintains the receptor at junctions where it can be used for virus spread.

title: Cellular localization of nectin-1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for proteins, @entity0 , and leukocytes still remains the basic gold standard investigation for the initial diagnosis of @entity1 . Early diagnosis and initiation of antibiotics within 3 h can reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with @entity1 . Hence, we conducted this study to document the usefulness of urinary reagent strip for the semi-quantitative analysis of CSF chemistry and cellularity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All clear CSF samples were subjected for two types of tests, the definitive test and the index test. CSF microscopy and biochemical values are considered as definitive. Combur-10 urinary reagent strip was used as the index test for proteins, @entity0 , and leukocytes. The diagnostic accuracy of each index test was calculated using different cut-off levels (leukocyte esterase positivity 1+ vs. CSF granulocytes >= 10/cumm, proteins 1+ and 2+ vs. CSF protein >= 30 mg/dl and >= 100 mg/dl, respectively, and @entity0 0 vs.  <=40 mg/dl and  <=50 mg/dl). Statistical analysis was performed to derive the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, likelihood ratio (LR)+, LR-, and area under curve (AUC). RESULTS: The study subjects comprised 103 cases. The strip showed a high sensitivity and specificity for leukocytes >= 10 cells/cumm. The strip showed a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 87.1% for proteins at a cut-off >= 100 mg/dl while the strip was less specific at a cut-off of >= 30 mg/dl. With respect to @entity0 , the strip was highly specific (100%) and less sensitive at both the cut-off levels. The AUC for leukocytes >= 10 cells/cumm was 99.05%; for proteins >= 30 mg/dl and >= 100 mg/dl, it was 84.86% and 95.69%, respectively; and, for @entity0  <=40 mg/dl and  <=50 mg/dl, it was 86.51% and 76.99%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The routinely used urinary reagent strip can be utilized for the rapid analysis of CSF. If implemented, this technique will be useful in rural areas. It would also decrease the turnaround time in centers where the facility is available.

title: Semi-quantitative analysis of cerebrospinal fluid chemistry and cellularity using urinary reagent strip: An aid to rapid diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Nine hundred forty-five @entity0 with @entity5 of the upper aerodigestive tract (SCC-UADT) were treated at three University of Louisville-affiliated hospitals from 1970 through 1979. Retrospective analysis disclosed that 33 @entity0 (3.4%) never used @entity4 . This group offers interesting contrasts to the more prevalent @entity4 -related epidermoid @entity1 . Cancers in nonusers of @entity4 (mean age, 68 years) occurred approximately 10 years later than most epidermoid UADT @entity1 . @entity0 predominated with a ratio of 2.7 to 1. Fifteen of 16 @entity0 (94%) older than 70 years were @entity0 . Twenty-four of 33 primary lesions (72%) were in the oral cavity and two thirds of these were staged 0, I, and II (American Joint Commission [AJC]). Of the @entity0 younger than 70 years of age, 42% were @entity0 , 42% had non-oral primaries, and most (74%) had @entity6 in AJC Stages III and IV. Second squamous cell primaries of the UADT developed in 6 of the 33 @entity0 (18%) with an average of 48 disease-free months. Five of six were @entity2 in @entity0 with original oral primaries. Of the 16 @entity0 older than 70 years with small, localized @entity1 , conservative surgery failed in 9 (56%). Although 4 were salvaged by re-excision or radiation, 5 of these 16 @entity0 in AJC Stage 0, I, and II died of this @entity1 (32%). The tendency for conservative initial surgical treatment in older @entity0 is believed to be responsible for the higher than expected rate of treatment failure. An @entity3 approach is recommended and further supported by the complete absence of surgical mortality in this group of @entity0 .

title: XXXX of the upper aerodigestive tract in nonusers of @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Nine hundred forty-five @entity0 with @entity5 of the upper aerodigestive tract (SCC-UADT) were treated at three University of Louisville-affiliated hospitals from 1970 through 1979. Retrospective analysis disclosed that 33 @entity0 (3.4%) never used @entity4 . This group offers interesting contrasts to the more prevalent @entity4 -related epidermoid @entity1 . Cancers in nonusers of @entity4 (mean age, 68 years) occurred approximately 10 years later than most epidermoid UADT @entity1 . @entity0 predominated with a ratio of 2.7 to 1. Fifteen of 16 @entity0 (94%) older than 70 years were @entity0 . Twenty-four of 33 primary lesions (72%) were in the oral cavity and two thirds of these were staged 0, I, and II (American Joint Commission [AJC]). Of the @entity0 younger than 70 years of age, 42% were @entity0 , 42% had non-oral primaries, and most (74%) had @entity6 in AJC Stages III and IV. Second squamous cell primaries of the UADT developed in 6 of the 33 @entity0 (18%) with an average of 48 disease-free months. Five of six were @entity2 in @entity0 with original oral primaries. Of the 16 @entity0 older than 70 years with small, localized @entity1 , conservative surgery failed in 9 (56%). Although 4 were salvaged by re-excision or radiation, 5 of these 16 @entity0 in AJC Stage 0, I, and II died of this @entity1 (32%). The tendency for conservative initial surgical treatment in older @entity0 is believed to be responsible for the higher than expected rate of treatment failure. An @entity3 approach is recommended and further supported by the complete absence of surgical mortality in this group of @entity0 .

title: @entity5 of the upper aerodigestive tract in nonusers of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity0 on the Move through Activity and Nutrition ( @entity0 ) study was designed to test whether a nonpharmacological intervention including qualitative and quantitative dietary changes to induce @entity3 and increased physical activity levels would reduce blood @entity4 levels and number of low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL-P). Such decreases in lipoproteins and other risk factors could reduce or slow progression of subclinical @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Study @entity0 were randomized to either the intervention (Lifestyle Change) or assessment (Health Education) group. Most of the intervention ended at the 30-month visit. The last 48-month examination was completed in 9/2008. There was very substantial @entity3 and increased exercise during the first 30 months of the trial resulting in significant decreases in CV risk factors. Most of the intervention effect was lost through 48 months. Weight loss was 3.4  kg in Lifestyle Intervention and 0.2  kg in the Health Education at 48 months (P = 0.000). There were no significant changes at 48 months in lipid levels, blood pressure (BP), @entity5 , insulin, or in the subclinical measures of coronary @entity6 , carotid intima media thickness, or plaque. There was a significant decrease in long-distance corridor walk time in the Lifestyle vs. Health Education groups. Significant lifestyle changes can be achieved that result in decreases in CV risk factors. Whether such changes reduce CV outcomes is still untested in clinical trials of @entity3 or exercise. Long-term maintenance of successful lifestyle changes, @entity3 and reduced risk factors is the hurdle for lifestyle interventions attempting to prevent CV and other @entity2 .

title: The XXXX on the Move Through Activity and Nutrition ( @entity0 ) study: final 48-month results.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity0 on the Move through Activity and Nutrition ( @entity0 ) study was designed to test whether a nonpharmacological intervention including qualitative and quantitative dietary changes to induce @entity3 and increased physical activity levels would reduce blood @entity4 levels and number of low-density lipoprotein particles (LDL-P). Such decreases in lipoproteins and other risk factors could reduce or slow progression of subclinical @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Study @entity0 were randomized to either the intervention (Lifestyle Change) or assessment (Health Education) group. Most of the intervention ended at the 30-month visit. The last 48-month examination was completed in 9/2008. There was very substantial @entity3 and increased exercise during the first 30 months of the trial resulting in significant decreases in CV risk factors. Most of the intervention effect was lost through 48 months. Weight loss was 3.4  kg in Lifestyle Intervention and 0.2  kg in the Health Education at 48 months (P = 0.000). There were no significant changes at 48 months in lipid levels, blood pressure (BP), @entity5 , insulin, or in the subclinical measures of coronary @entity6 , carotid intima media thickness, or plaque. There was a significant decrease in long-distance corridor walk time in the Lifestyle vs. Health Education groups. Significant lifestyle changes can be achieved that result in decreases in CV risk factors. Whether such changes reduce CV outcomes is still untested in clinical trials of @entity3 or exercise. Long-term maintenance of successful lifestyle changes, @entity3 and reduced risk factors is the hurdle for lifestyle interventions attempting to prevent CV and other @entity2 .

title: The @entity0 on the Move Through Activity and Nutrition ( XXXX ) study: final 48-month results.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Acoustic communication between insects serves as an excellent model system for analyzing the neuronal mechanisms underlying auditory information processing. The detailed organization of auditory neural circuits in the brain has not yet been described. To understand the central auditory pathways, we used the brain of the @entity1 @entity1 as a model and performed a large-scale analysis of the interneurons associated with the primary auditory center. By screening expression driver strains and performing single-cell labeling of these strains, we identified 44 types of interneurons innervating the primary auditory center - 5 types were local interneurons whereas the other 39 types were projection interneurons connecting the primary auditory center with other brain regions. The projection neurons comprised three frequency-selective pathways and two frequency-embracive pathways. Mapping of their connection targets revealed that five neuropils in the brain - the wedge, anterior ventrolateral protocerebrum, posterior ventrolateral protocerebrum (PVLP), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and gnathal ganglia (GNG) - were intensively connected with the primary auditory center. In addition, several other neuropils, including @entity0 in the brain, were directly connected to the primary auditory center. The distribution patterns of the spines and boutons of the identified neurons suggest that auditory information is sent mainly from the primary auditory center to the PVLP, WED, @entity2 , GNG, and the thoracico-abdominal ganglia. Based on these findings, we established the first comprehensive map of secondary auditory interneurons, which indicates the downstream information flow to parallel ascending pathways, multimodal pathways, and descending pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: The organization of projection neurons and local neurons of the primary auditory center in the XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Acoustic communication between insects serves as an excellent model system for analyzing the neuronal mechanisms underlying auditory information processing. The detailed organization of auditory neural circuits in the brain has not yet been described. To understand the central auditory pathways, we used the brain of the @entity1 @entity1 as a model and performed a large-scale analysis of the interneurons associated with the primary auditory center. By screening expression driver strains and performing single-cell labeling of these strains, we identified 44 types of interneurons innervating the primary auditory center - 5 types were local interneurons whereas the other 39 types were projection interneurons connecting the primary auditory center with other brain regions. The projection neurons comprised three frequency-selective pathways and two frequency-embracive pathways. Mapping of their connection targets revealed that five neuropils in the brain - the wedge, anterior ventrolateral protocerebrum, posterior ventrolateral protocerebrum (PVLP), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and gnathal ganglia (GNG) - were intensively connected with the primary auditory center. In addition, several other neuropils, including @entity0 in the brain, were directly connected to the primary auditory center. The distribution patterns of the spines and boutons of the identified neurons suggest that auditory information is sent mainly from the primary auditory center to the PVLP, WED, @entity2 , GNG, and the thoracico-abdominal ganglia. Based on these findings, we established the first comprehensive map of secondary auditory interneurons, which indicates the downstream information flow to parallel ascending pathways, multimodal pathways, and descending pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: The organization of projection neurons and local neurons of the primary auditory center in the @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The study aimed to determine the natural history of @entity2 nasal colonization in hemodialysis outpatients. Surveillance cultures were taken from @entity0 presenting for hemodialysis or routine care to identify @entity2 nasal carriers. A prospective cohort study was performed to identify risks for persistent colonization. Detailed microbiologic and molecular studies of colonizing isolates were performed. Only 23/145 (15.9%) dialysis @entity0 were persistently colonized, and only @entity1 -positive status was associated with persistence (P = 0.05). Prior hospitalization was the only risk factor for @entity4 -resistant @entity2 carriage (OR 2.5, P = 0.03). In isolates from @entity0 with  <= 42 days of @entity3 exposure, @entity3 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) increased with duration of exposure. Among dialysis @entity0 , @entity2 colonization was limited and transient; only @entity1 status was associated with persistence. Nevertheless, duration of @entity3 exposure was associated with increasing @entity3 @entity5 . @entity3 exposure in @entity2 carriers may be involved in increasing resistance.

title: Prevalence, persistence, and microbiology of XXXX nasal carriage among hemodialysis outpatients at a major New York Hospital.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A large number of mutations leading to @entity2 (abnormal hemoglobins, @entity1 ) have been discovered. Gene diagnosis for a point mutation or a deletion/insertion of a few @entity0 is now readily performed. For a large deletion, once the precise breakpoints are unraveled, the same type of deletion is promptly diagnosed by gap PCR. However, a number of new types of large deletions remain unexamined. They need meticulous Southern blot analysis and/or cloning. Here we present a new technique to determine their precise breakpoints. One of the two breakpoints needs to be first assigned within the 5-kb portion estimated by gene dosage by quantitative PCR. The other breakpoint is left unexamined. The genome DNA is digested with one of eight kinds of endonucleases and subjected to recombination with pUC18 cloning vector digested with the same endonuclease. The gap PCR is subsequently performed between the common primers of pUC18 and five arbitrary primers within the aforementioned 5-kb portion. An abnormal gap PCR product, if detected by electrophoresis, discloses precise 5' and 3' breakpoints after direct sequencing. This method successfully disclosed the breakpoints for two epsilon gamma delta @entity3 , one delta @entity3 and one beta-thalassmeia in a relatively short period. All are new mutations. This method uses neither cloning procedures nor Southern blot, but employs gene dosage estimation and PCR. Thus, it is relatively simple. The progress of the genome project facilitated analysis of any large deletions.

title: [Gene diagnosis of XXXX --the determination of breakpoints for a large deletion].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: @entity1 is a major cause of mortality in @entity0 aged 1 to 14 years old and its patterns differs from country to country. In this study we investigated the epidemiology and distribution of non-intentional @entity1 in the pediatric population. MATERIALS _ METHODS: The archives of 304 @entity0 below 10 years old who presented to Taleghani @entity1 care center in Kermanshah, Iran from March to September 2008, were reviewed. @entity0 ' @entity1 related information were registered. The @entity0 were categorized into three age groups of 0-2, 3-6 and 7-10 years old and the data was compared among age groups and between both sexes. FINDINGS: The most common cause for @entity1 was falling from heights (65.5%) and road traffic accidents (16.4%). The most common anatomical sites of injury were the upper limbs followed by the head and neck (36.8% and 31.2%, respectively). Injuries mostly occurred in homes (67.4%). The injuries were mostly related to the orthopedics and the neurosurgery division (84.1% and 13.1%, respectively). Accident rates peaked during the hours of 18-24 (41.3%). Male and female @entity0 did display any difference regarding the variables. @entity0 between the ages of 0-2 years old had the highest rate of @entity2 and neck area (40.3%) (p=0.024). Falls and road traffic accidents displayed increasing rates from the ages of 0-2 to 3-6 and decreasing rates to the ages of 7-10 years old (p=0.013). From the ages of 0-2 to 3-6 years old, street accidents increased and household @entity1 decreased. After that age household @entity1 rates increased and street accidents decreased (p=0.005). @entity0 between the ages of 7-10 years old had the highest rate of @entity1 (p=0.029). CONCLUSION: Special planning and health policies are needed to prevent road accidents especially in @entity0 between the ages of 3-6 years old. Since homes were the place where @entity0 between the ages of 0-2 were mostly injured, parents should be educated about the correct safety measures that they need to take regarding their @entity0 's environments. The orthopedics department needs to receive the most training and resources for the management of pediatric @entity1 .

title: Epidemiology of XXXX and Its Patterns in Western Iran: A Hospital Based Experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective was to determine the safety and clinical activity of atezolizumab (MPDL3280A), a humanized @entity4 ( @entity4 ) antibody, in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Exploratory biomarkers were analyzed and associated with outcomes. @entity0 AND METHODS: Seventy @entity0 with metastatic @entity3 , including clear cell (ccRCC; n = 63) and non-clear cell (ncc; n = 7) histologies, received atezolizumab intravenously every 3 weeks. @entity4 expression was scored at four diagnostic levels (0/1/2/3) that were based on @entity4 staining on @entity1 cells and @entity1 -infiltrating immune cells (IC) with the SP142 assay. Primary end points were safety and @entity2 ; secondary end points assessed clinical activity per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 and immune-related response criteria. Plasma and tissue were analyzed for potential biomarkers of atezolizumab response. RESULTS: Grade 3 treatment-related and immune-mediated adverse events occurred in 17% and 4% of @entity0 , respectively, and there were no grade 4 or 5 events. Sixty-three @entity0 with ccRCC were evaluable for overall survival (median, 28.9 months; 95% CI, 20.0 months to not reached) and progression-free survival (median, 5.6 months; 95% CI, 3.9 to 8.2 months), and 62 @entity0 were evaluable for objective response rate (ORR; 15%; 95% CI, 7% to 26%). ORR was evaluated on the basis of @entity4 IC expression ( @entity5 : n = 33; 18%; 95% CI, 7% to 35%; and IC0: n = 22; 9%; 95% CI, 1% to 29%). The ORR for @entity0 with Fuhrman grade 4 and/or sarcomatoid histology was 22% (n = 18; 95% CI, 6% to 48%). Decreases in circulating plasma markers and acute-phase proteins and an increased baseline effector T-cell-to-regulatory T-cell gene expression ratio correlated with response to atezolizumab. CONCLUSION: Atezolizumab demonstrated a manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity in @entity0 with metastatic @entity3 . Correlative studies identified potential predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers. These results have guided ongoing studies and combinations with atezolizumab in @entity3 .

title: Atezolizumab, an Anti- @entity4 Antibody, in XXXX : Long-Term Safety, Clinical Activity, and Immune Correlates From a Phase Ia Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective was to determine the safety and clinical activity of atezolizumab (MPDL3280A), a humanized @entity4 ( @entity4 ) antibody, in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Exploratory biomarkers were analyzed and associated with outcomes. @entity0 AND METHODS: Seventy @entity0 with metastatic @entity3 , including clear cell (ccRCC; n = 63) and non-clear cell (ncc; n = 7) histologies, received atezolizumab intravenously every 3 weeks. @entity4 expression was scored at four diagnostic levels (0/1/2/3) that were based on @entity4 staining on @entity1 cells and @entity1 -infiltrating immune cells (IC) with the SP142 assay. Primary end points were safety and @entity2 ; secondary end points assessed clinical activity per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 and immune-related response criteria. Plasma and tissue were analyzed for potential biomarkers of atezolizumab response. RESULTS: Grade 3 treatment-related and immune-mediated adverse events occurred in 17% and 4% of @entity0 , respectively, and there were no grade 4 or 5 events. Sixty-three @entity0 with ccRCC were evaluable for overall survival (median, 28.9 months; 95% CI, 20.0 months to not reached) and progression-free survival (median, 5.6 months; 95% CI, 3.9 to 8.2 months), and 62 @entity0 were evaluable for objective response rate (ORR; 15%; 95% CI, 7% to 26%). ORR was evaluated on the basis of @entity4 IC expression ( @entity5 : n = 33; 18%; 95% CI, 7% to 35%; and IC0: n = 22; 9%; 95% CI, 1% to 29%). The ORR for @entity0 with Fuhrman grade 4 and/or sarcomatoid histology was 22% (n = 18; 95% CI, 6% to 48%). Decreases in circulating plasma markers and acute-phase proteins and an increased baseline effector T-cell-to-regulatory T-cell gene expression ratio correlated with response to atezolizumab. CONCLUSION: Atezolizumab demonstrated a manageable safety profile and promising antitumor activity in @entity0 with metastatic @entity3 . Correlative studies identified potential predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers. These results have guided ongoing studies and combinations with atezolizumab in @entity3 .

title: Atezolizumab, an Anti- XXXX Antibody, in @entity3 : Long-Term Safety, Clinical Activity, and Immune Correlates From a Phase Ia Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treat and extend (TE) treatment regimens have the potential to reduce the treatment burden placed upon @entity0 receiving ranibizumab for neovascular age-related @entity1 (nAMD). This study aimed to analyse changes in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and anatomical parameters in @entity0 switching from a pro re nata (PRN) to a TE regimen during routine clinical practice. METHODS: Retrospective, consecutive, comparative case series of treatment-na  ve @entity0 who were initially treated with 0.5   mg ranibizumab according to a PRN schedule, and subsequently switched to a TE schedule (12-month follow-up). RESULTS: 146 eyes from 134 consecutive treatment-na  ve @entity0 were included. Mean BCVA (decimal  SD) increased from 0.39  0.23 to 0.55  0.22 (p<0.001) during the PRN loading regimen, declining to 0.49  0.22 (p<0.001) during the PRN maintenance phase (mean duration 17   months; range 3-55). Following the switch to TE, BCVA improved to 0.55  0.23 and 0.56  0.24 by 6 and 12   months, respectively (p<0.001). Mean intraindividual variance in BCVA was higher during the PRN phase than at 12   months for TE (0.30  0.18 vs 0.09  0.08, respectively; p<0.001). After switching to TE, mean central retinal thickness decreased from 355  112     m to 330  105 and 320  103     m at 6 and 12   months, respectively (p<0.001). Mean number of visits per month was higher during PRN than TE periods (1.05  0.13 vs 0.73  0.18; respectively; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A TE regimen can improve and stabilise @entity0 outcomes in nAMD compared with PRN, with the potential to reduce the healthcare resource burden incurred from fixed monitoring requirements.

title: Changing from a pro re nata treatment regimen to a treat and extend regimen with ranibizumab in neovascular age-related XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Chronic @entity6 is increasingly recognized as a sequela of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Our aim was to rule out any late morphometric changes of the @entity6 in survivors of @entity2 during childhood requiring intensive care. METHODS: We assessed morphometric @entity4 region and @entity5 in @entity0 who sustained @entity2 during childhood. The @entity0 showed no clinical hormonal dysfunction at the acute phase and pituitary hormone levels at the time of our study were within normal limits. From the 18 enrolled @entity0 in the magnetic resonance study, five were removed due to morphological changes or anatomical variations. We studied the MRI of 13 male survivors (mean age 27 years, mean time after @entity1 20 years) and compared them to 13 male control subjects who were matched in terms of age (mean age, 26 years), education and ethnicity. Analyses of the @entity6 on a midsagittal T2- and T1-weighted image were performed. We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM), an unbiased MRI morphometric method to investigate hypothalamic region in this group of @entity0 . RESULTS: There was only a trend towards a reduced @entity6 in the @entity0 group compared to controls. However, no significant morphological and morphometric abnormality was seen and VBM showed no hypothalamic grey matter loss. CONCLUSION: In the @entity3 , no persisting morphometric changes of the @entity6 were seen in survivors of childhood @entity2 requiring intensive care.

title: Morphometry of the @entity6 in long-term survivors of childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Chronic @entity6 is increasingly recognized as a sequela of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Our aim was to rule out any late morphometric changes of the @entity6 in survivors of @entity2 during childhood requiring intensive care. METHODS: We assessed morphometric @entity4 region and @entity5 in @entity0 who sustained @entity2 during childhood. The @entity0 showed no clinical hormonal dysfunction at the acute phase and pituitary hormone levels at the time of our study were within normal limits. From the 18 enrolled @entity0 in the magnetic resonance study, five were removed due to morphological changes or anatomical variations. We studied the MRI of 13 male survivors (mean age 27 years, mean time after @entity1 20 years) and compared them to 13 male control subjects who were matched in terms of age (mean age, 26 years), education and ethnicity. Analyses of the @entity6 on a midsagittal T2- and T1-weighted image were performed. We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM), an unbiased MRI morphometric method to investigate hypothalamic region in this group of @entity0 . RESULTS: There was only a trend towards a reduced @entity6 in the @entity0 group compared to controls. However, no significant morphological and morphometric abnormality was seen and VBM showed no hypothalamic grey matter loss. CONCLUSION: In the @entity3 , no persisting morphometric changes of the @entity6 were seen in survivors of childhood @entity2 requiring intensive care.

title: Morphometry of the XXXX in long-term survivors of childhood @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic liver resection can either be total laparoscopic or hand-assisted laparoscopic approach. The recent introduction of robotic surgical systems has revolutionized the field of minimally invasive surgery. It was developed to overcome the disadvantages of conventional laparoscopic surgery. The role of robotic system in laparoscopic surgery was not well evaluated yet. The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the outcome of multimodality approach of laparoscopic liver resection for @entity1 METHODS: From January 1998 to August 2010, all @entity0 with @entity1 underwent laparoscopic liver resection were included. A prospectively collected data was analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 56 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity2 , @entity2 , n = 42; colorectal liver metastases, CLM, n = 14) underwent laparoscopic liver resection in our surgical unit. The majority of cases were performed by hand-assisted laparoscopic approach, n = 31 (55.3%) and the remainder were with total laparoscopic approach, n = 10 (17.9%) and robot-assisted laparoscopic approach, n = 15 (26.8%). The median operation time was 150 min (range, 75-307 min). The median @entity3 during surgery was 175 ml (range, 5-2000 ml). Two @entity0 (3.6%) needed open conversion and one @entity0 (1.8%) needed to be converted to hand-assisted laparoscopic approach. The morbidity rate was 14.3%. There was no procedure-related death. 89.3% of @entity0 had R0 resection and 10.7% of @entity0 had R1 resection. The median hospital stay was 6.5 days (range, 2-13 days). The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year disease-free survival rates for @entity2 were 85%, 47%, and 38%, respectively. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival rates for @entity2 were 96%, 67%, and 52%, respectively. The 1-year, and 3-year disease-free survival rates for CLM were 92% and 72%. The 1-year, and 3-year overall survival rates for CLM were 100% and 88%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Multimodality approach of laparoscopic liver resection of @entity1 was feasible, and safe in selected @entity0 . It was associated with a low complications rate. The mid-term and long-term survival outcome was favorable also.

title: Multimodality laparoscopic liver resection for XXXX --from conventional total laparoscopic approach to robot-assisted laparoscopic approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a need to develop novel therapies for relapsed/refractory @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and to identify biomarkers predictive for therapeutic response. @entity2 was previously shown to induce an overall response rate (ORR) of 28% in @entity0 with relapsed/refractory @entity1 . It is currently unknown if response rates differ between @entity0 with different @entity1 subtypes. METHODS: The authors retrospectively evaluated clinical outcomes of @entity0 with germinal center B-cell-like versus nongerminal center B-cell-like @entity1 treated with salvage @entity2 at 4 academic institutions. RESULTS: Forty @entity0 with relapsed/refractory @entity1 were included (24 @entity0 ; 16 @entity0 ; median age, 66 years; median of 4 prior treatments, including rituximab chemotherapy). @entity0 were classified as germinal center B-cell-like (n = 23) or nongerminal center B-cell-like (n = 17) @entity1 according to the Hans algorithm. The subgroups were similar in terms of stage, international prognostic index score, prior number of treatments, and rituximab resistance. A significant difference in clinical response to @entity2 was observed in nongerminal center B-cell-like versus germinal center B-cell-like @entity0 . ORR was 52.9% versus 8.7% (P = .006); complete response rate was 23.5% versus 4.3%. Median progression-free survival was 6.2 versus 1.7 months (P = .004), although no difference in OS was observed between nongerminal center B-cell-like and germinal center B-cell-like @entity1 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that the 2 major subgroups of @entity0 with @entity1 (germinal center B cell and nongerminal center B cell) have different antitumor responsiveness to @entity2 in the relapsed/refractory setting. A large international trial (NCT01197560) has been opened to enrollment in an attempt to prospectively validate these retrospective observations.

title: Higher response to @entity2 in relapsed/refractory XXXX in nongerminal center B-cell-like than in germinal center B-cell-like phenotype.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a need to develop novel therapies for relapsed/refractory @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and to identify biomarkers predictive for therapeutic response. @entity2 was previously shown to induce an overall response rate (ORR) of 28% in @entity0 with relapsed/refractory @entity1 . It is currently unknown if response rates differ between @entity0 with different @entity1 subtypes. METHODS: The authors retrospectively evaluated clinical outcomes of @entity0 with germinal center B-cell-like versus nongerminal center B-cell-like @entity1 treated with salvage @entity2 at 4 academic institutions. RESULTS: Forty @entity0 with relapsed/refractory @entity1 were included (24 @entity0 ; 16 @entity0 ; median age, 66 years; median of 4 prior treatments, including rituximab chemotherapy). @entity0 were classified as germinal center B-cell-like (n = 23) or nongerminal center B-cell-like (n = 17) @entity1 according to the Hans algorithm. The subgroups were similar in terms of stage, international prognostic index score, prior number of treatments, and rituximab resistance. A significant difference in clinical response to @entity2 was observed in nongerminal center B-cell-like versus germinal center B-cell-like @entity0 . ORR was 52.9% versus 8.7% (P = .006); complete response rate was 23.5% versus 4.3%. Median progression-free survival was 6.2 versus 1.7 months (P = .004), although no difference in OS was observed between nongerminal center B-cell-like and germinal center B-cell-like @entity1 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that the 2 major subgroups of @entity0 with @entity1 (germinal center B cell and nongerminal center B cell) have different antitumor responsiveness to @entity2 in the relapsed/refractory setting. A large international trial (NCT01197560) has been opened to enrollment in an attempt to prospectively validate these retrospective observations.

title: Higher response to XXXX in relapsed/refractory @entity1 in nongerminal center B-cell-like than in germinal center B-cell-like phenotype.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Metastasis of @entity1 is a complex process that involves multiple alterations. Recent evidence indicates that small non-protein coding RNA molecules (miRNAs) might be involved in @entity1 -related processes in @entity0 . This study was to systematically investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs during metastasis in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) using microarray technology. METHODS: The differentially expressed miRNAs between HCCLM3 and MHCC97-L, two @entity2 cell lines with differently metastatic potentials were displayed using microarray technology. The expression of @entity3 was verified by the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the lentivirus-delivered system for expressing @entity3 in HCCLM3 cells was employed to investigate whether @entity3 was involved in invasive phenotype of @entity2 cell. RESULTS: Our study built a metastasis-related miRNAs expression profiling, which includes 327 miRNAs expressed differentially between HCCLM3 and MHCC97-L cell lines. Furthermore, expression of @entity3 by lentivirus-delivered system in HCCLM3 cell was established successfully. Our results showed that @entity3 induces a G1 arrest and decreased proliferation for HCCLM3 cell (P < 0.05). In addition, @entity3 inhibits migration and invasion of HCCLM3 cell in vitro (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study described a metastasis-related miRNAs expression profiling and revealed @entity3 regulating metastatic function in @entity2 cell.

title: Analysis of microRNA expression profiling identifies microRNA-503 regulates metastatic function in hepatocellular XXXX cell.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined the relations between @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes among a broad spectrum of @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Admission electrocardiograms of @entity0 enrolled in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) electrocardiogram substudy and the Canadian @entity4 Registry I were analyzed independently at a blinded core laboratory. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess the independent prognostic significance of admission @entity3 on in-hospital and 6-month mortality. Of 11,830 eligible @entity0 with @entity4 (mean age 65; 66% non-ST-elevation @entity4 ), 5% had @entity3 . @entity3 on admission was associated with older age, male sex, more cardiovascular risk factors, worse Killip class, and higher GRACE risk score (all p <0.01). @entity0 with @entity3 less frequently received in-hospital cardiac catheterization, coronary revascularization, or reperfusion therapy (all p <0.05). The @entity3 group had higher unadjusted in-hospital (8.8% vs 3.8%, p  <0.001) and 6-month mortality rates (15.1% vs 7.6%, p <0.001). After adjusting for established prognostic factors in the GRACE risk score, @entity3 was a significant independent predictor of in-hospital death (odds ratio 1.45, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.07, p  = 0.039), but not cumulative 6-month mortality (odds ratio 1.29, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.74, p  = 0.098). There was no significant interaction between @entity3 and the type of @entity4 for either in-hospital or 6-month mortality (both p >0.50). In conclusion, across a spectrum of @entity4 , @entity3 was associated with preexisting @entity1 , high-risk clinical features, fewer @entity2 , and worse unadjusted outcomes. After adjusting for components of the GRACE risk score, @entity3 was a significant independent predictor of early mortality.

title: Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Acute Coronary Syndrome in XXXX With Right Bundle Branch Block on Presentation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Alterations of serum metabolites may allow us to identify individuals with @entity1 and advance our understanding of the nature and treatment of their @entity2 . We aimed to identify serum metabolites that differentiate @entity0 with @entity1 from at-risk controls. METHODS: Serum samples from @entity0 with biopsy-confirmed untreated stage I through @entity2 and at-risk controls were divided into fractions for analysis by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Compounds were identified by comparison with library entries of purified standards. Differences in concentrations of single metabolites and metabolite ratios were identified. Prediction models were developed. RESULTS: Serum samples from 284 subjects was analyzed. The subjects' mean age was 67 and 48% were female. Ninety-four @entity0 had @entity1 (50 had @entity4 and 44 had @entity5 ), 44% had stage I disease, 17% had @entity3 , and 39% had @entity2 . The @entity0 with @entity2 were slightly older than the controls (68.7 versus 66.2 years, p  = 0.013). A total of 534 metabolites were identified in eight metabolite superpathways and 73 subpathways. The concentrations of 149 metabolites differed significantly (q values <0.05) between the @entity2 and control groups (70 were lower in the @entity2 group and 79 were higher), and 9723 metabolite ratios differed significantly (q values <0.001) between the @entity2 and control groups. The accuracies of the models ( @entity2 and @entity2 subtypes versus control) trained on 70% of the subjects and tested on 30% (expressed as C-statistics) ranged from 0.748 to 0.858. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in the serum metabolite profile exist between @entity0 with stage I through @entity2 and matched controls.

title: Metabolite Profiles of the Serum of XXXX with Non-Small Cell Carcinoma.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Twenty-two @entity0 with @entity1 and spontaneous @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or @entity6 ( @entity6 ) underwent intracardiac electrophysiologic evaluation and, when possible, ambulatory monitoring before and after therapy with @entity7 (mean dose 418 +/- 87 mg [mean +/- standard deviation]). An average of 4 antiarrhythmic agents were used and were unsuccessful before therapy with @entity7 was begun. During 64 +/- 16 hours of control Holter monitoring in 16 @entity0 , all had 1 or more salvos of @entity4 , as well as ventricular premature complexes (VPCs). Programmed stimulation during the control period induced @entity4 in 17 of 22 @entity0 . After @entity7 therapy, Holter monitoring showed elimination of all forms of @entity4 in all but 1 @entity0 , as well as significant reduction of paired VPCs by 95% (p less than 0.03) and single VPCs by 70% (p less than 0.005). Electrophysiologic study during @entity7 therapy showed significant increases in AH, HV, PR, QRS and QTc intervals, and the ventricular effective refractory period. Programmed stimulation in 17 @entity0 taking @entity7 , with a mean plasma level of 1,075 +/- 521 ng/ml, showed ablation of inducible @entity4 in only 2 @entity0 , a worsening in 5 and continued @entity4 inducibility in 10. Adverse effects that required drug withdrawal were infrequent and encountered in @entity0 who received higher drug levels: 1 @entity0 with @entity2 and 1 with severe sinus @entity5 . Thus, although @entity7 suppresses complex ventricular @entity3 on Holter recordings, it rarely alters the response to programmed stimulation. Caution is recommended in its use for recurrent sustained @entity4 or @entity6 and in the interpretation of electrophysiologic studies until the predictive value of programmed stimulation with @entity7 therapy is established.

title: @entity7 : electrophysiologic and antiarrhythmic properties in refractory XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Twenty-two @entity0 with @entity1 and spontaneous @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or @entity6 ( @entity6 ) underwent intracardiac electrophysiologic evaluation and, when possible, ambulatory monitoring before and after therapy with @entity7 (mean dose 418 +/- 87 mg [mean +/- standard deviation]). An average of 4 antiarrhythmic agents were used and were unsuccessful before therapy with @entity7 was begun. During 64 +/- 16 hours of control Holter monitoring in 16 @entity0 , all had 1 or more salvos of @entity4 , as well as ventricular premature complexes (VPCs). Programmed stimulation during the control period induced @entity4 in 17 of 22 @entity0 . After @entity7 therapy, Holter monitoring showed elimination of all forms of @entity4 in all but 1 @entity0 , as well as significant reduction of paired VPCs by 95% (p less than 0.03) and single VPCs by 70% (p less than 0.005). Electrophysiologic study during @entity7 therapy showed significant increases in AH, HV, PR, QRS and QTc intervals, and the ventricular effective refractory period. Programmed stimulation in 17 @entity0 taking @entity7 , with a mean plasma level of 1,075 +/- 521 ng/ml, showed ablation of inducible @entity4 in only 2 @entity0 , a worsening in 5 and continued @entity4 inducibility in 10. Adverse effects that required drug withdrawal were infrequent and encountered in @entity0 who received higher drug levels: 1 @entity0 with @entity2 and 1 with severe sinus @entity5 . Thus, although @entity7 suppresses complex ventricular @entity3 on Holter recordings, it rarely alters the response to programmed stimulation. Caution is recommended in its use for recurrent sustained @entity4 or @entity6 and in the interpretation of electrophysiologic studies until the predictive value of programmed stimulation with @entity7 therapy is established.

title: XXXX : electrophysiologic and antiarrhythmic properties in refractory @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: We present a retrospective study aimed to identify the correlation between de Vries clinical score and the detection of @entity3 in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . We have used the score to identify @entity0 who should be tested by karyotyping and subsequently MLPA (multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification) for subtelomeric rearrangements. Our group is formed of 36 @entity0 with variable @entity2 associated with other anomalies. 18 @entity0 had chromosomal defects, whereas 18 had normal karyotypes. In the first group, total scores varied between 3 and 7. @entity3 identified were: numerical (4) and structural (14). Chromosomes involved were: 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 17, X. Deletions were the most common and correlate with a greater score (> or = 4). Common clinical features were: short stature, microcephaly, nasal, ear and hand anomalies. In the second group the most frequent clinical feature was hand @entity1 (61.2%) and cases with a high score have to be further tested (e.g. using MLPA) in order to identify minor defects. In our opinion a high score indicates the karyotype and then a MLPA testing. In conclusion, we present a retrospective study that proves the use of de Vries diagnostic score in the identification of @entity3 in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: [Idiopathic XXXX --importance of clinical diagnostic scores for case selection].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The correct management of genitals and @entity0 and the improving of the preventional and therapeutical successes ratio involve the knowledge of the histopathological features of these nosological entities which have different origins, different risk factors, different simptomatology and also different prognosis. AIM: The descriptive evaluation of the histopathological features of the genitals and @entity0 to @entity1 from North-Eastern region of Romania. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We have been included in the study 96 @entity1 (age range 23-77 years, mean 54,49) diagnosed with @entity0 , @entity4 , @entity2 at the hospital admission, residency in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics within 23 months. The following main parameters were assessed: histological types, stage at diagnosis, Pap test. After data collection, these have been codified and included in a @entity3 Excel Database, in order to be processed with SPSS 16 and EpiInfo 3.5.1. (2008) Softwares. RESULTS: The following cases' repartition on diagnostic types was observed: @entity0 (44 cases), @entity2 (24 cases), @entity6 (16 cases) and @entity4 (12 cases). In our study, the most affected range of age was 40-69 years for @entity0 , 30-59 years for @entity2 , over 6 years for @entity6 and 50-59 years for @entity4 . For the cervical @entity2 , 40% of analyzed cases were in incipient stages (in situ to IB stage lessions). More than 50% of @entity0 cases have been diagnosed in advances stages (IIB to IIIC stages). For the @entity6 , 45% of cases have been identified in incipient stages (in situ to IC). The @entity4 cases have been detected, most frequently, in advanced stages (III and IV). 25% of @entity1 which participated in our study had showed cervical changes. CONCLUSION: From a histopathological point of view, for cervical @entity2 , @entity5 was the most frequent type (87%), for @entity7 (80%) and for ovary and endometrium @entity2 (69%, respectively 83%).

title: [Histopathological characteristics of genital and XXXX included in epidemiologic study cohort].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Metabolism of @entity6 results in the net production of @entity4 ; however, cells cannot sustain an @entity4 production rate greater than their rate of @entity4 utilization. The purpose of these studies was to determine whether the rate of @entity4 turnover in the kidney could set an upper limit on renal @entity6 metabolism and thereby renal ammoniagenesis. The acidotic @entity1 kidneys extracted @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity8 , and @entity0 from the arterial blood and added @entity9 and @entity3 to the venous blood. Renal @entity6 metabolism was responsible for almost all the @entity9 production. Renal @entity4 production was estimated from the rate of @entity0 consumption and appeared to be derived roughly equally from the oxidation of @entity6 and @entity5 . There was no apparent renal @entity2 production from @entity4 balance calculations and this impression was supported when the inhibitor of gluconeogenesis, @entity10 , did not inhibit ammoniagenesis. Approximately 90% of the @entity4 synthesized was utilized to reabsorb @entity7 . When the amount of @entity4 utilized for @entity7 reabsorption in the proximal convoluted tubule (assumed to be 60% of filtered @entity7 ) was compared with the amount of @entity4 produced from @entity6 metabolism, the values were similar despite the fact that the glomerular filtration rate in individual @entity1 varied more than fourfold. When the quantity of @entity4 expended for @entity7 reabsorption was decreased by the infusion of ouabain or by the constriction of one renal artery without reducing @entity6 delivery, the kidney lowered its rate of ammoniagenesis to a quantitatively predictable amount.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Regulation of the maximum rate of renal ammoniagenesis in the acidotic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Bleeding control is a major concern during dental surgery. A novel photocoagulation method using an irradiating blue-violet light emitting diode (LED) was investigated. BACKGROUND: Some dental light-curving units can emit blue-violet wavelengths around 380-515   nm with two peaks (410   nm and 470   nm). These wavelengths can cover the maximum absorption spectra of hemoglobin (430   nm). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blue-violet LED 380-515   nm, 750   mW/cm(2), 10   sec (7.5   J/cm(2)) was used. Irradiation was performed for 10   sec or an additional 10   sec for 10 cases of tooth extraction at a distance of 1   cm from the socket. Bleeding was stopped by conventional roll pressure in another five cases as a control. Bleeding time for both procedures was measured. A Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis. In vitro @entity1 ( @entity1 ) studies were performed to clarify the mechanism of hemostasis by blue-violet LED irradiation. RESULTS: Irradiation with the blue-violet LED yielded immediate hemostasis of the socket. Five cases showed coagulation within the first 10   sec, and another five cases required an additional 10   sec to fully control the @entity0 . In contrast, the conventional method required 2-5   min (median 180   sec) to obtain hemostasis. The difference between the time required to stop the @entity0 in the two methods was found to be statistically significant (p   =   0.0014). A week later, the LED-irradiated sockets were healed uneventfully with epithelial covering. @entity1 showed the formation of a thin amorphous layer and an adjacent agglutination of platelets and other cellular elements under the layer at the interface of the irradiated blood. CONCLUSION: Blue-violet LED irradiation of @entity0 sockets caused immediate clot formation and hemostasis. This procedure was safe and reliable and showed no adverse effects.

title: Blue-violet light emitting diode (LED) irradiation immediately controls socket XXXX following tooth extraction: clinical and electron microscopic observations.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate mechanisms underlying the reduced work capacity of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 were compared to healthy controls at specified workloads, using @entity5 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). METHODS: The forearm flexor muscle group was examined with MRS at rest, at sub maximal and at maximal controlled dynamic work as well as at maximal isometric contraction. Aerobic fitness was determined by bicycle ergonometry. RESULTS: Metabolite concentrations and muscle pH were similar for @entity0 and controls at lower workloads. At maximal dynamic and static contractions the concentration of inorganic @entity4 was lower and at static contractions the pH decrease was smaller in @entity0 . The performed work by @entity0 was only 50% compared to controls and the @entity0 experienced more @entity2 . Maximal @entity1 uptake was lower in the @entity3 group. Expired gas-analysis in this group showed ventilatory equivalents at similar relative levels of maximal work capacity. CONCLUSION: @entity3 @entity0 seem to utilise less of the energy rich phosphorous metabolites at maximal work despite pH reduction. They seemed to be less aerobic fitted and reached the anaerobic threshold earlier than the controls.

title: Muscle metabolism in XXXX studied by @entity5 magnetic resonance spectroscopy during aerobic and anaerobic exercise.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate mechanisms underlying the reduced work capacity of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 were compared to healthy controls at specified workloads, using @entity5 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). METHODS: The forearm flexor muscle group was examined with MRS at rest, at sub maximal and at maximal controlled dynamic work as well as at maximal isometric contraction. Aerobic fitness was determined by bicycle ergonometry. RESULTS: Metabolite concentrations and muscle pH were similar for @entity0 and controls at lower workloads. At maximal dynamic and static contractions the concentration of inorganic @entity4 was lower and at static contractions the pH decrease was smaller in @entity0 . The performed work by @entity0 was only 50% compared to controls and the @entity0 experienced more @entity2 . Maximal @entity1 uptake was lower in the @entity3 group. Expired gas-analysis in this group showed ventilatory equivalents at similar relative levels of maximal work capacity. CONCLUSION: @entity3 @entity0 seem to utilise less of the energy rich phosphorous metabolites at maximal work despite pH reduction. They seemed to be less aerobic fitted and reached the anaerobic threshold earlier than the controls.

title: Muscle metabolism in @entity3 studied by XXXX magnetic resonance spectroscopy during aerobic and anaerobic exercise.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The efficacy of a paste formulation of the H+, @entity4 , -ATPase inhibitor @entity5 was evaluated in standardbred racehorses for the treatment and prevention of @entity3 . Twenty standardbred racehorses in training, aged 2 to 9 years, were enrolled from 2 training centres in this field trial. Endoscopic examinations confirmed the presence of @entity3 in all @entity1 , prior to allocation and treatment and on day 0. Lesions were scored on a scale of 0 to 3 (intact epithelium to extensive @entity0 ). Replicates were formed, based on training level and location. Within replicates, 1 @entity1 was assigned to group 1 and 3 @entity1 were assigned to group 2, randomly. @entity1 in group 1 were sham-dosed controls. @entity1 in group 2 were given @entity5 paste orally at 4 mg/kg bodyweight (BW)/day from day 0 to day 27 and 2 mg/kg BW/day of @entity5 paste orally from day 28 to day 57. Follow-up endoscopies were conducted on post treatment days 28 and 58 or 59. Physical examinations, including BWs, were conducted on all @entity1 prior to treatment and on days 13 or 14, 28, 42 or 43, and 58 or 59. @entity1 treated with @entity5 had significantly (P < 0.01) more improvement in @entity2 scores than did controls at day 28 and at study termination on days 58 or 59. All of the @entity5 -treated @entity1 were improved relative to baseline @entity0 score at both examinations, and 73.3% were healed (lesion score of 0) at both examinations. None of the controls improved at any point during the study. When the dose was reduced to 2 mg/kg BW, 80% of the @entity1 showed no recurrences or worsening in @entity3 . It was concluded that @entity5 paste at 4 mg/kg BW orally, once daily is highly effective in healing @entity3 in standardbred racehorses in training and that a dose of 2 mg/kg BW orally, once daily, effectively prevents the recurrence of @entity3 in most @entity1 .

title: Efficacy of a paste formulation of @entity5 for the treatment of naturally occurring XXXX in training standardbred racehorses in Canada.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The efficacy of a paste formulation of the H+, @entity4 , -ATPase inhibitor @entity5 was evaluated in standardbred racehorses for the treatment and prevention of @entity3 . Twenty standardbred racehorses in training, aged 2 to 9 years, were enrolled from 2 training centres in this field trial. Endoscopic examinations confirmed the presence of @entity3 in all @entity1 , prior to allocation and treatment and on day 0. Lesions were scored on a scale of 0 to 3 (intact epithelium to extensive @entity0 ). Replicates were formed, based on training level and location. Within replicates, 1 @entity1 was assigned to group 1 and 3 @entity1 were assigned to group 2, randomly. @entity1 in group 1 were sham-dosed controls. @entity1 in group 2 were given @entity5 paste orally at 4 mg/kg bodyweight (BW)/day from day 0 to day 27 and 2 mg/kg BW/day of @entity5 paste orally from day 28 to day 57. Follow-up endoscopies were conducted on post treatment days 28 and 58 or 59. Physical examinations, including BWs, were conducted on all @entity1 prior to treatment and on days 13 or 14, 28, 42 or 43, and 58 or 59. @entity1 treated with @entity5 had significantly (P < 0.01) more improvement in @entity2 scores than did controls at day 28 and at study termination on days 58 or 59. All of the @entity5 -treated @entity1 were improved relative to baseline @entity0 score at both examinations, and 73.3% were healed (lesion score of 0) at both examinations. None of the controls improved at any point during the study. When the dose was reduced to 2 mg/kg BW, 80% of the @entity1 showed no recurrences or worsening in @entity3 . It was concluded that @entity5 paste at 4 mg/kg BW orally, once daily is highly effective in healing @entity3 in standardbred racehorses in training and that a dose of 2 mg/kg BW orally, once daily, effectively prevents the recurrence of @entity3 in most @entity1 .

title: Efficacy of a paste formulation of XXXX for the treatment of naturally occurring @entity3 in training standardbred racehorses in Canada.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The incidence and prevalence of @entity3 are increasing but clinicians also have the impression that gender and age distributions of stone formers are changing. Moreover, regional differences in stone occurrence and composition have been observed. We analyzed such trends based on a large series of urinary stone analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 224,085 urinary stone analyses from 22 German centers were evaluated to determine the incidence of stone composition and identify age and gender distributions from 1977 to 2006. A subset of 58,682 stone analyses from 1993 to 2006 was available to identify regional differences in stone composition in Germany. RESULTS: @entity1 containing calculi were most common in each gender. The overall male-to-female ratio of 2.4:1 increased from 1977 (1.86:1) to 2006 (2.7:1). The predominance of male @entity1 stone formers was even higher among elderly @entity0 with a 3.13:1 ratio at ages 60 to 69. Since 1997, we observed a tendency toward an increasing incidence in middle-aged @entity0 at ages 40 to 49 years. While the rate of infection stones constantly decreased, the incidence of uric acid calculi remained stable with an overall rate of 11.7% in males and 7.0% in females with a peak at higher ages. @entity2 stones remained rare at 0.4% in males and 0.7% in females. In terms of regional analyses we noted great variation in stone composition in the 2 genders. Uric acid stones were more common in the eastern and southern regions but infection stones were mostly seen in eastern regions. CONCLUSIONS: In what is to our knowledge the largest series of stone analysis reported to date we identified an age and gender relationship of stone formation and composition. Regional variations are common and underline the influence of living habits, diet and standard of medical care on urinary stone formation.

title: XXXX through the ages: data on more than 200,000 urinary stone analyses.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) have previously been shown to affect conformation of chromatin and cell proliferation. Possible genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of ELF-MF have also been discussed and tested. In this study, we analysed the effect of ELF-MF on chromatin conformation in @entity0 GE499 cells by the anomalous viscosity time-dependence (AVTD) technique. Possible genotoxic effects of the specific combination of static and ELF-MF, which has been proven to affect chromatin conformation, were investigated by a clonogenic assay, by assessing cell-growth kinetics, and by analysis of the SOS-response by means of inducible recA-lacZ fusion-gene products and the b-galactosidase assay. The genotoxic agent @entity1 ( @entity2 ) was used as a positive control and in combination with ELF-MF. @entity1 at 3-30 g/ml decreased the AVTD peaks and induced a cytotoxic effect. In contrast to @entity2 , ELF-MF fields increased AVTD, stimulated cell growth, and increased cloning efficiency. These effects depended on the frequency within the range of 7-11Hz. While @entity2 induced an SOS-response, exposure to ELF-MF did not induce the recA-lacZ fusion-gene product. Exposure to ELF-MF did not modify the genotoxic effects of @entity2 either. All together, the data show that ELF-MF, under specific conditions of exposure, acted as a non-toxic but cell-growth stimulating agent.

title: Toxicity and SOS-response to ELF magnetic fields and XXXX in @entity0 cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) have previously been shown to affect conformation of chromatin and cell proliferation. Possible genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of ELF-MF have also been discussed and tested. In this study, we analysed the effect of ELF-MF on chromatin conformation in @entity0 GE499 cells by the anomalous viscosity time-dependence (AVTD) technique. Possible genotoxic effects of the specific combination of static and ELF-MF, which has been proven to affect chromatin conformation, were investigated by a clonogenic assay, by assessing cell-growth kinetics, and by analysis of the SOS-response by means of inducible recA-lacZ fusion-gene products and the b-galactosidase assay. The genotoxic agent @entity1 ( @entity2 ) was used as a positive control and in combination with ELF-MF. @entity1 at 3-30 g/ml decreased the AVTD peaks and induced a cytotoxic effect. In contrast to @entity2 , ELF-MF fields increased AVTD, stimulated cell growth, and increased cloning efficiency. These effects depended on the frequency within the range of 7-11Hz. While @entity2 induced an SOS-response, exposure to ELF-MF did not induce the recA-lacZ fusion-gene product. Exposure to ELF-MF did not modify the genotoxic effects of @entity2 either. All together, the data show that ELF-MF, under specific conditions of exposure, acted as a non-toxic but cell-growth stimulating agent.

title: Toxicity and SOS-response to ELF magnetic fields and @entity1 in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the long-term results of mitral valve repair for @entity2 . METHODS: Between 1991 and 2000, 301 @entity0 with @entity2 underwent mitral valve repair. There were 167 @entity0 and 134 @entity0 whose mean age was 56 +/- 14 years. The @entity0 were comprised of 7 @entity0 in Carpentier's type I, 277 @entity0 in type II, and 17 @entity0 in type III. Chordal replacement with expanded @entity3 sutures had been prospectively applied to repair the anterior mitral leaflet prolapse. Ring annuloplasty was performed in 230 @entity0 (76%). The follow-up was complete and mean follow-up was 67 +/- 33 months, for a cumulative follow-up of 1,624 @entity0 -years. RESULTS: There were 5 hospital deaths and 11 late deaths (2 cardiac and 9 noncardiac). All survivors except those with @entity1 were in the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I or II. At 10 years, the actuarial survival was 90 +/- 3%, the freedom from @entity4 was 86 +/- 4%, the freedom from reoperation was 96 +/- 2%, and the freedom from valve-related events was 77 +/- 4%. At 10 years, the freedom from reoperation in the @entity0 with anterior leaflet prolapse was 90 +/- 5%. CONCLUSIONS: Mitral valve repair is feasible in most @entity0 with @entity2 and is associated with low mortality and low rates of valve related events. Chordal replacement with expanded @entity3 sutures is effective, safe, and durable at long-term follow-up for @entity0 with anterior leaflet prolapse.

title: Late results of mitral valve repair for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Severe @entity4 including an interrupted aortic arch in @entity3 remains a challenge in surgical management. METHODS: Treatment and outcomes in 75 consecutive @entity0 who underwent an aortic arch repair as the first step of the staged repair protocol between 1975 and 2000 were reviewed. Their ages at repair ranged from 1 day to 8.5 months. RESULTS: Cross-sectional postoperative follow-up data were available in all the @entity0 . The follow-up period ranged from 0 to 27.6 years (mean: 7.3 +/- 7.3 years). There were 20 postoperative hospital deaths (27%) and 7 late deaths. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of survival was 81.3% +/- 4.5% at 1 month, 68.0% +/- 5.4% at 1 year, 65.0% +/- 5.5% at 5 years, 63.1% +/- 5.7% at 10 years, 63.1% +/- 5.7% at 20 years. By Cox regression analysis, body weight of 2.5 kg or less is the only independent determinant of postoperative mortality (p = 0.04, multivariable odds ratio: 2.50, [95% confidence interval: 1.02-6.1]). The aortic arch morphology, the primary @entity1 , or date of operation did not reach a statistically significant level to show correlation with mortality. Reintervention to reconstruct the aortic arch was performed at 9 occasions in 8 of the 55 @entity0 who survived the primary operation (14.5%). The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the reintervention-free rate was 91.3% +/- 4.2% at 5 years, 85.5% +/- 5.6% at 10 years, 75.6% +/- 8.2% at 20 years. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, interrupted aortic arch (versus @entity2 ) was the only independent predictor of a shorter time to reintervention (p = 0.001, multivariable odds ratio: 16.1, [95% confidence interval: 3.2-80.2]). CONCLUSIONS: The staged repair protocol was associated with significant limitations in @entity0 survival and with the development of recurrent @entity4 . Thus, a primary repair protocol may serve as an alternate approach, especially in @entity0 with low weight or with an interrupted aortic arch.

title: The limitation of staged repair in the surgical management of @entity3 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Severe @entity4 including an interrupted aortic arch in @entity3 remains a challenge in surgical management. METHODS: Treatment and outcomes in 75 consecutive @entity0 who underwent an aortic arch repair as the first step of the staged repair protocol between 1975 and 2000 were reviewed. Their ages at repair ranged from 1 day to 8.5 months. RESULTS: Cross-sectional postoperative follow-up data were available in all the @entity0 . The follow-up period ranged from 0 to 27.6 years (mean: 7.3 +/- 7.3 years). There were 20 postoperative hospital deaths (27%) and 7 late deaths. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of survival was 81.3% +/- 4.5% at 1 month, 68.0% +/- 5.4% at 1 year, 65.0% +/- 5.5% at 5 years, 63.1% +/- 5.7% at 10 years, 63.1% +/- 5.7% at 20 years. By Cox regression analysis, body weight of 2.5 kg or less is the only independent determinant of postoperative mortality (p = 0.04, multivariable odds ratio: 2.50, [95% confidence interval: 1.02-6.1]). The aortic arch morphology, the primary @entity1 , or date of operation did not reach a statistically significant level to show correlation with mortality. Reintervention to reconstruct the aortic arch was performed at 9 occasions in 8 of the 55 @entity0 who survived the primary operation (14.5%). The Kaplan-Meier estimate of the reintervention-free rate was 91.3% +/- 4.2% at 5 years, 85.5% +/- 5.6% at 10 years, 75.6% +/- 8.2% at 20 years. Using multivariable Cox regression analysis, interrupted aortic arch (versus @entity2 ) was the only independent predictor of a shorter time to reintervention (p = 0.001, multivariable odds ratio: 16.1, [95% confidence interval: 3.2-80.2]). CONCLUSIONS: The staged repair protocol was associated with significant limitations in @entity0 survival and with the development of recurrent @entity4 . Thus, a primary repair protocol may serve as an alternate approach, especially in @entity0 with low weight or with an interrupted aortic arch.

title: The limitation of staged repair in the surgical management of XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The roles of perioperative @entity3 and @entity1 in the risk stratification of @entity0 undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery are unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of perioperative @entity3 on postoperative mortality. METHOD: A prospective, observational study of 5050 @entity0 undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass for coronary artery bypass graft surgery at 70 international centers was conducted, with 7500 measured variables per @entity0 and outcomes adjudicated centrally. Postoperative blood @entity2 levels measured from the day of surgery to postoperative day 3 were available for 4799 @entity0 . Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association of @entity3 with hospital mortality. RESULTS: A total of 164 @entity0 died during hospitalization (3.2%). Mortality was significantly higher in the @entity1 population compared with the nondiabetic population (4.2% vs 2.9%; P  =  .02). In nondiabetic @entity0 , maximum postoperative blood @entity2 between 250 and 300 mg/dL (adjusted odds ratio, 2.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-5.57; P  =  .02) and maximum blood @entity2 of 300 mg/dL or greater (adjusted odds ratio, 2.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-6.16; P  =  .01), compared with maximum blood @entity2 less than 200 mg/dL, and postoperative insulin treatment (adjusted odds ratio, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-3.70), were independent risk factors for an increased risk of in-hospital mortality. In @entity1 @entity0 , @entity3 was not associated with a higher mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative @entity3 is associated with increased in-hospital mortality in nondiabetic @entity0 after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. In @entity1 @entity0 , @entity3 was not associated with mortality.

title: Impact of XXXX on perioperative mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 are an important health problem. Early hospital mortality (EHM) (first 48 hours after hospital admission) give us information about the etiology and the focus of @entity4 . This study was designed because no articles have been found about this subject. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records coded by the ICD-9-CM of all @entity0 that suffered from EHM due to @entity2 during the period 1992 to 1999. RESULTS: Of all the @entity0 analyzed, 0.7% died of EHM, and of theses, 6.9% were due to an @entity2 . Median age was 73.2 years; 56.1% were @entity0 . Index of comorbidity was higher than 1 in 59,9%, and 70,7% never has been admitted to the hospital before. At admission, fever was present in 43.9%. The illness severity was 60.9% @entity5 , 24.4% severe @entity5 , 13.4% septic shock and 1.2% multiorgan failure. Causes of @entity3 were respiratory (76.8%; @entity1 58.5%). @entity1 was more frequent among aged 65 years and older (p = 0.03). In 69.5% no microbiological techniques were performed with independence of the clinical severity or the presence or absence of fever. In 85.4% the casual agent was unidentified, but in the case of isolation, gram positive was the most frequent microorganism. CONCLUSIONS: Infections are an important cause of EHM, and community-acquired @entity6 (mainly @entity1 ) the most frequent cause of EHM. @entity0 were admitted to the hospital with @entity5 in 60.9%, perhaps due to a diagnostic or therapeutic delay. Among aged 65 years and older, microbiological diagnostic procedures were rarely employed.

title: [Early hospital mortality due to XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Malingue's procedure is a modified Z-plasty for the treatment of digital retraction in @entity4 . Geometrical modelling was used to determine the theoretical efficacy of the technique, and the clinical value of the method was assessed with a follow-up of 23 @entity0 over at least two years. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Unlike Z-plasty, in which the skin flaps transposed are triangular, the Malingue plasty uses trapezoidal flaps. The direct longitudinal approach is used for the cords and the incision lines cut obliquely across the flexion folds. Euclidean geometry allows calculation of the average theoretical gain with a 45 plasty for a finger of width a, the initial surface being given by S1=a     2, and the surface after plasty by S2=a  (3/4 [   2+1]). A continuous, homogeneous, retrospective series of 27 @entity0 operated by the same surgeon for @entity4 with @entity2 was reviewed by a neutral observer. The technique, which combined open-palm fasciectomy with the Malingue plasty, reduced the loss of skin by extending the finger after excising the cords. The plasty was adapted to cover various @entity1 and degrees of @entity2 . RESULTS: The Malingue procedure was performed as an outpatient procedure in 23 cases. The average theoretical gain of the skin surface was 46%. The results were evaluated immediately after surgery and over a mean follow-up of 31 months. There were ten cases for a first operation, ten with a first recurrence, and seven with a second recurrence. The operated fingers healed within three weeks with no skin distress or dehiscence. The only surgical complication involved a sectioned collateral radial nerve of the ring finger in a recurrence of @entity4 ; a @entity3 was used to re-establish the continuity of the nerve. Midterm complications included @entity5 in one @entity0 , recurrence of contracture in three @entity0 , and benign lateral hypoesthesia of the first phalanx in two @entity0 . The mean Tubiana score, which fell from 4.0 to 0.18 immediately after surgery, was 0.67 at the last follow-up, with an overall @entity0 satisfaction index of 95%. CONCLUSION: The Malingue plasty follows a strict but easily applicable protocol. Avoiding the use of skin grafts or flaps, the technique offers satisfactory treatment in most cases of @entity4 .

title: [Malingue's procedure for digital retraction in XXXX --principle, modelling and clinical evaluation].

answer: @entity4