abstract: OBJECTIVE: The optimal time and approach of repair of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) remain controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome following repair of @entity1 in @entity0 with particular regard to the surgical approach used. @entity0 : One hundred and sixty @entity0 (mean age 195+/-89 days, range 11-364 days) undergoing repair of a simple @entity1 were studied. Between 1974 and 2000, a transventricular approach (RV) was used in 91 and between 1988 and 2000, a transatrial (RA) approach in 69 @entity0 . Ten of these @entity0 (6.2%) had a previous palliative shunt (four in the RV versus six in the RA group). A transannular patch (TAP) was inserted in 96 (60%) @entity0 (76 versus 20). Follow-up was complete (mean 14.5+/-5.2 versus 6+/-1 years). RESULTS: There were three operative deaths (1.9%), (two in RV versus one in RA group). A re-operation for right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) was performed in 19 @entity0 (3 versus 16). Ten-year freedom from re-operation for RVOTO (+/-standard error of the mean) was 88+/-4% (98+/-2 versus 72+/-6%, P<0.0001). Within the RA group, 5-year freedom from re-operation for RVOTO for those who had a TAP was 79+/-9% and it was 75+/-4% for those having a simple repair. Six @entity0 in the RV group required pulmonary valve replacement (PVR). Ten-year freedom from PVR was 98+/-1% (97+/-2 versus 100%, P=0.3). There were two late deaths, one in each group. Ten-year survival was 97+/-1%. One @entity0 in the RV group developed late recurrent @entity3 requiring the implantation of a defibrillator. At most recent echocardiography, all but the @entity0 who had the defibrillator had good right and left ventricular function. CONCLUSIONS: Transventricular and transatrial repair of @entity1 in infancy, are associated with an acceptable operative risk, low incidence of late @entity2 , good bi-ventricular function and excellent survival. In our experience, however, transatrial repair has a disturbing incidence of early and mid-term residual or recurrent RVOTO, even when a TAP has been used.

title: Repair of XXXX in infancy with a transventricular or a transatrial approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate late outcome of @entity7 (TAPVC) repair, controlling for anatomic subtypes and surgical technique. METHODS: Between 1983 and 2001, 89 @entity0 (median age 54 days) underwent repair for supracardiac (38), cardiac (26), infracardiac (16) or mixed (nine) TAPVC. Ten @entity0 (11.2%) presented @entity1 other than PDA. Twenty-eight @entity0 (31.5%) were @entity3 , due to obstructed drainage. Supracardiac and infracardiac TAPVC repair included the double-patch technique with @entity9 in 29 @entity0 and side-to-side @entity2 between the pulmonary venous (PV) confluence and the left atrium in 29 @entity0 . Coronary sinus unroofing was preferred for cardiac TAPVC repair. Total follow-up was 727.16 @entity0 -years (mean 8.55 years, 98.8% complete). RESULTS: Early mortality was 7.86% (7/89). Ten @entity0 (11.2%) underwent reintervention, including reoperation (eight), @entity4 (one) and intraoperative stents placement (one), for anastomotic (four) or @entity5 (six), with four late deaths. Kaplan-Meier survival is 87.3+/-0.036 SE% at 18.07 years with no difference according to anatomic type or surgical technique. Freedom from PV reintervention for operative survivors is 86.7+/-0.052 SE% at 18.07 years. Cox proportional hazard indicates @entity1 (P=0.008) and reoperation for @entity5 (P=0.034) as independent predictors of mortality. According to logistic analysis, @entity8 predicts higher risk of reintervention for @entity5 (P=0.022), while the double-patch technique increased the risk of late @entity6 (P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Side-to-side @entity2 provides excellent results for TAPVC repair while @entity9 procedures appear to be associated with higher risk of late @entity6 . Although early and aggressive reintervention for recurrent @entity8 is mandatory, @entity5 remains a predictor of adverse outcome.

title: XXXX : long-term appraisal with evolving technical solutions.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Evidence that @entity4 risk increases with surgical @entity6 is consistent. However, findings concerning @entity5 and surgical @entity6 are inconsistent. The Los Angeles @entity5 Study (1995-1996) assessed the cross-sectional relation at baseline between years since bilateral oophorectomy and common carotid artery @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity0 included 269 employed California @entity0 asymptomatic for @entity1 and aged 45-60 years. Ninety-seven @entity0 reported a hysterectomy: 42 without oophorectomy or a unilateral oophorectomy and 55 with a concurrent bilateral oophorectomy. @entity2 was measured bilaterally with B-mode ultrasound and was regressed on age, height, and years since hysterectomy in each group. Among @entity0 who had undergone bilateral oophorectomy, @entity2 was significantly related to years since hysterectomy (beta = 0.042 (standard error, 0.018) mm/10 years, p = 0.02). However, @entity2 was unrelated to years since hysterectomy in the no bilateral oophorectomy group (beta = 0.005 (standard error, 0.023) mm/10 years, p = 0.82). Adjustment for high density lipoprotein or low density lipoprotein @entity3 attenuated the association between @entity2 and years since hysterectomy by about a fourth in the bilateral oophorectomy group. Since over 90% of this group had a history of hormone replacement therapy use, the finding that years since bilateral oophorectomy was associated with increasing @entity5 conflicts with a well-known finding that such therapy reverses the adverse effect of bilateral oophorectomy on @entity4 .

title: Carotid wall thickness and years since bilateral oophorectomy: the Los Angeles XXXX Study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is commonly used to assess outcomes after @entity1 . The Duke Health Profile (DHP) has been translated and culturally adapted for use in Vietnam, but its reliability and validity for use with @entity1 @entity0 in Vietnam or elsewhere have not been assessed. METHODS: First-ever @entity1 @entity0 (n  =  108) who were admitted to 115 @entity0 's Hospital between February and September 2012 and survived for 3  months after @entity1 had HRQoL assessed using the DHP and a comparison instrument (EQ-5D). Caregivers of 94 @entity0 completed these questionnaires as a proxy. After 1  week, these questionnaires were re-administered to @entity0 and proxies. RESULTS: The mean differences between test and retest assessments of HRQoL by @entity0 were small and not clinically meaningful and were not consistently associated with sex, age, type of @entity1 or severity of @entity2 . Direct assessments by the @entity0 were on average greater than those obtained from the proxy. The ICCs ranged from 0.60 to 0.86 ( @entity0 test-retest) and from 0.55 to 0.98 ( @entity0 -proxy agreement). The ICCs were greatest for physical functioning components ( @entity0 test-retest 0.63-0.86, @entity0 -proxy 0.69-0.98). The correlations between the DHP dimensions and EQ-5D were generally stronger when they measured similar constructs (r  =  0.53-0.66) and were lower for less related constructs (r  =  0.11-0.43). CONCLUSION: The DHP has moderate reliability and validity for use with @entity1 @entity0 in Vietnam even when information is obtained from proxy respondents.

title: Health-related quality of life after XXXX : reliability and validity of the Duke Health Profile for use in Vietnam.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 's inhumanity for @entity0 still knows no boundaries, as we continue as a species as a whole to engage in war. According to Kohn's Dictionary of Wars [1], of over 3,700  years of recorded history, there have been a total of 3,010 wars. One is hard pressed to actually find a period of time in which here has not been an active conflict in the globe. The world has experienced two world wars: WWI (1914-1918) and WWII (1939-1945). The total number of military casualties in WWI was over 37 million, while WWII so far, has been the deadliest military conflict in history with over 60 million @entity0 killed accounting for slightly over 2.5  % of the world's population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The purpose of this study is to review contemporary wars and their contributions to @entity1 management. It is precisely wartime contributions that have led to the more precise identification and management of these injuries resulting in countless lives and extremities saved. However, surgeons dealing with @entity1 have faced a tough and arduous road. Their journey was initiated by surgical mavericks which undaunted, pressed on against all odds guided by William Stewart Halsted's classic statement in 1912: "One of the chief fascinations in surgery is the management of wounded vessels." CONCLUSION: Contemporary wars of the XX-XXI centuries gave birth, defined and advanced the field of @entity1 management.

title: Contemporary wars and their contributions to XXXX management.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and feasibility of surgical treatment for @entity10 with @entity2 by one-stage posterior instrumentation, proper transpedicular debridement, without anterior instrumentation and without anterior or posterior bone graft. METHODS: A total of 19 cases with @entity6 , @entity2 and @entity3 (without severe @entity7 ) admitted to the hospital from May 2005 to January 2010 were treated by internal fixation, transpedicular debridement without bone graft via the isolated posterior approach. Operating time, @entity5 , complications, @entity1 , deformity correction, @entity4 relief, and inter-body fusion were investigated. RESULTS: The average mean operating time was 168.9      21.1  min. The average @entity5 during operation was 655.8      82.8  ml. All @entity0 were followed for 28-46  months post-operation (average, 36.8      5.8  months). All @entity0 had significant postoperative improvement in ASIA classification scores and VAS scores. The thoracic kyphotic angle was significantly decreased to 11.6  -20.2   after operation (average, 15.6        2.2  ), and the angle was 12.3  -21.6   (average, 16.4        2.2  ) at final follow-up. No severe complications or @entity8 occurred. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and @entity9 recovered to normal within 3  months after operation in all @entity0 . All @entity0 have got spontaneous bony fusion within 6-9  months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: One-stage posterior instrumentation, transpedicular debridement without bone graft can be an effective and feasible treatment method for selected @entity10 .

title: One-stage posterior procedure in treating XXXX : a retrospective study.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to review the cases of @entity3 seen in the span of ten years at a pediatric surgery unit of a tertiary care public hospital in New Delhi. METHODS: Medical records of twelve @entity0 with @entity3 were retrieved. RESULTS: Ten out of the twelve @entity0 were males; seven were of the Muslim community. Average recorded birth weight was 2.2 kg. Ten @entity0 presented with features of @entity2 , while two presented with perforation @entity1 . Among the cases of obstruction, @entity3 was suspected in eight cases (one was associated with @entity5 ), one case each was preoperatively diagnosed as @entity4 and meconium ileus. Abdominal X-rays at presentation of all the neonates except in one with @entity5 showed multiple air fluid levels. Contrast enema was done in five @entity0 . It showed micro-colon in two @entity0 , and typical question mark sign, dilated small bowel with transition zone in hepatic flexure and normal caliber colon in one each. All the @entity0 underwent exploratory laparotomy. Intra-operatively, the transition zone was seen at distal ileum in ten cases and at hepatic flexure and transverse colon in one each. Biopsies of all the twelve @entity0 eventually showed absence of ganglion cells in entire colon. Ileostomy was done in nine cases, colostomy in two and primary Kimura's procedure in one (this @entity0 was discharged and lost to follow up). Left colonic patch with Swenson's pull through with ileostomy was done for one @entity0 on colostomy. His stoma was closed; he was eventually discharged and lost to follow up. In the other @entity0 with colostomy, the stoma was closed and an ileostomy was created. Of all the @entity0 on ileostomy, three expired in the immediate postoperative period. Four were lost to follow up. Two underwent Kimura's procedure; and expired few months later. One @entity0 on ileostomy is awaiting further treatment. CONCLUSION: The outcomes for @entity3 in those presenting in neonatal age tend to be unsatisfactory in the developing countries.

title: Perils of XXXX presenting in neonatal age.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The plasminogen activation system and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in the degradation of basement membrane and extracellular matrix in tissue remodeling, @entity3 cell invasion, and @entity2 . METHODS: Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays were developed to quantify @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) mRNA in 54 @entity0 tissues. Gene fragments were amplified in a LightCycler real-time PCR system using gene-specific primers and SYBR Green I. The results were normalized to @entity4 mRNA. We also quantified antigen and functional concentrations of these components. RESULTS: The intra- and interassay variabilities for mRNA quantification showed mean SDs for the crossing point of 0.12 and 0.15 cycles, respectively. @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations and @entity5 and @entity6 functional concentrations increased with @entity3 severity; the increase was statistically significant for @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations and for @entity6 functional concentrations. Node-positive @entity1 showed significantly higher @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations than those who were node negative. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative real-time RT-PCR is a highly sensitive, reproducible, and fast method for measuring gene expression of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 in @entity0 . These components may be involved in @entity0 development, and increased mRNA expression may be associated with a worse prognosis.

title: Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay for urokinase plasminogen activator, @entity5 , and @entity7 gene expressions in primary XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The plasminogen activation system and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in the degradation of basement membrane and extracellular matrix in tissue remodeling, @entity3 cell invasion, and @entity2 . METHODS: Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays were developed to quantify @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) mRNA in 54 @entity0 tissues. Gene fragments were amplified in a LightCycler real-time PCR system using gene-specific primers and SYBR Green I. The results were normalized to @entity4 mRNA. We also quantified antigen and functional concentrations of these components. RESULTS: The intra- and interassay variabilities for mRNA quantification showed mean SDs for the crossing point of 0.12 and 0.15 cycles, respectively. @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations and @entity5 and @entity6 functional concentrations increased with @entity3 severity; the increase was statistically significant for @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations and for @entity6 functional concentrations. Node-positive @entity1 showed significantly higher @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations than those who were node negative. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative real-time RT-PCR is a highly sensitive, reproducible, and fast method for measuring gene expression of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 in @entity0 . These components may be involved in @entity0 development, and increased mRNA expression may be associated with a worse prognosis.

title: Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay for urokinase plasminogen activator, @entity5 , and XXXX gene expressions in primary @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The plasminogen activation system and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in the degradation of basement membrane and extracellular matrix in tissue remodeling, @entity3 cell invasion, and @entity2 . METHODS: Quantitative real-time reverse-transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays were developed to quantify @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) mRNA in 54 @entity0 tissues. Gene fragments were amplified in a LightCycler real-time PCR system using gene-specific primers and SYBR Green I. The results were normalized to @entity4 mRNA. We also quantified antigen and functional concentrations of these components. RESULTS: The intra- and interassay variabilities for mRNA quantification showed mean SDs for the crossing point of 0.12 and 0.15 cycles, respectively. @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations and @entity5 and @entity6 functional concentrations increased with @entity3 severity; the increase was statistically significant for @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations and for @entity6 functional concentrations. Node-positive @entity1 showed significantly higher @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 mRNA and antigen concentrations than those who were node negative. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative real-time RT-PCR is a highly sensitive, reproducible, and fast method for measuring gene expression of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 in @entity0 . These components may be involved in @entity0 development, and increased mRNA expression may be associated with a worse prognosis.

title: Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay for urokinase plasminogen activator, XXXX , and @entity7 gene expressions in primary @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Enteral feed intolerance occurs frequently in @entity1 @entity0 and can be associated with adverse outcomes. "Energy-dense formulae" (ie, >1 kcal/mL) are often prescribed to @entity1 @entity0 to reduce administered volume and are presumed to maintain or increase calorie delivery. The aim of this study was to compare gastric emptying of standard and energy-dense formulae in @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: In a retrospective comparison of 2 studies, data were analyzed from 2 groups of @entity0 that received a radiolabeled 100-mL "meal" containing either standard calories (1 kcal/mL) or concentrated calories (energy-dense formulae; 2 kcal/mL). Gastric emptying was measured using a scintigraphic technique. Radioisotope data were collected for 4 hours and gastric emptying quantified. Data are presented as mean    SE or median [interquartile range] as appropriate. RESULTS: Forty @entity0 were studied (n = 18, energy-dense formulae; n = 22, standard). Groups were well matched in terms of demographics. However, @entity0 in the energy-dense formula group were studied earlier in their intensive care unit admission (P = .02) and had a greater proportion requiring inotropes (P = .002). A similar amount of calories emptied out of the stomach per unit time (P = .57), but in @entity0 receiving energy-dense formulae, a greater volume of meal was retained in the stomach (P = .045), consistent with slower gastric emptying. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 @entity0 , the administration of the same volume of a concentrated enteral nutrition formula may not result in the delivery of more calories to the small intestine over time because gastric emptying is slowed.

title: Energy-Dense Formulae May Slow Gastric Emptying in the XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis is necessary among many hospitalised @entity0 to prevent @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, a significant number of clinician-ordered doses are not administered with many doses refused by @entity0 . We aimed to assess the impact and sustainability of a multifaceted intervention to improve medication adherence to pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. The intervention included a standardised nursing response to @entity0 refusal, daily assessment of @entity1 prophylaxis usage and regular feedback on refusal rates. METHODS: We conducted a quasi-experimental study of @entity0 admitted between January 2010 and November 2012 to one of six hospital intervention units (three medical and three oncology units) or five control units. The primary outcome was the proportion of @entity1 prophylaxis doses missed for any reason. RESULTS: A total of 20   208 admissions occurred at the six hospital units during the study period. In the pre-post analysis, the rate of missed and refused doses decreased significantly after the intervention (24.7% to 14.7% and 18.3% to 9.4%, respectively; p value <0.01 for both comparisons). In multiple regression models with interrupted time series analysis, the intervention was associated with an immediate and sustained decrease in missed (adjusted OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.55 to 0.74 and 0.98; 95%CI 0.97 to 0.99) and refused doses (adjusted OR per month 0.58; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.71 and 0.97; 95%CI 0.96 to 0.98). No immediate or sustained reduction in missed or refused doses was observed in the control units. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of a multifaceted intervention resulted in an immediate and sustained decrease in the proportion of missed and refused doses of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis. Efforts aimed at increasing @entity0 adherence are a promising approach to improve rates of @entity1 thromboprophylaxis administration.

title: A unit-based intervention aimed at improving XXXX adherence to pharmacological thromboprophylaxis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Worsening renal function in @entity0 hospitalized for @entity3 portends a poor prognosis. However, criteria used to define worsening renal function are arbitrary, and the implications of different definitions remain unclear. We therefore compared the prognostic importance of various @entity1 in 1,002 @entity0 hospitalized for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: The @entity0 population was 49% female, aged 67 +/- 15 years. Twenty-three percent had a prior history of @entity1 , 73% had known depressed ejection fraction, and 63% had known @entity3 . On admission to the hospital, 47% were receiving ACE inhibitors, 22% beta-blockers, 70% diuretics and 6% NAID's. 72% developed increased serum @entity4 during the hospitalization, with 20% developing an increase of > or = 0.5 mg/dL. Worsening renal function predicted both in-hospital mortality and length of stay > 10 days. Even an increased @entity4 of 0.1 mg/dL was associated with worse outcome. Sensitivity for @entity2 decreased from 92% to 65% as the threshold for increased @entity4 was raised from 0.1 to 0.5 mg/dL, with specificity increasing from 28% to 81%. At a threshold of a 0.3 mg/dL increase, sensitivity was 81% and specificity was 62% for @entity2 and 64% and 65% for length of stay >10 days. Adding a requirement of final @entity4 of > or = 1.5 mg/dL improved specificity. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis demonstrates that any detectable decrease in renal function is associated with increased mortality and prolonged hospital stay. This suggests that therapeutic interventions which improve renal function might be beneficial.

title: The prognostic importance of different @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Worsening renal function in @entity0 hospitalized for @entity3 portends a poor prognosis. However, criteria used to define worsening renal function are arbitrary, and the implications of different definitions remain unclear. We therefore compared the prognostic importance of various @entity1 in 1,002 @entity0 hospitalized for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: The @entity0 population was 49% female, aged 67 +/- 15 years. Twenty-three percent had a prior history of @entity1 , 73% had known depressed ejection fraction, and 63% had known @entity3 . On admission to the hospital, 47% were receiving ACE inhibitors, 22% beta-blockers, 70% diuretics and 6% NAID's. 72% developed increased serum @entity4 during the hospitalization, with 20% developing an increase of > or = 0.5 mg/dL. Worsening renal function predicted both in-hospital mortality and length of stay > 10 days. Even an increased @entity4 of 0.1 mg/dL was associated with worse outcome. Sensitivity for @entity2 decreased from 92% to 65% as the threshold for increased @entity4 was raised from 0.1 to 0.5 mg/dL, with specificity increasing from 28% to 81%. At a threshold of a 0.3 mg/dL increase, sensitivity was 81% and specificity was 62% for @entity2 and 64% and 65% for length of stay >10 days. Adding a requirement of final @entity4 of > or = 1.5 mg/dL improved specificity. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis demonstrates that any detectable decrease in renal function is associated with increased mortality and prolonged hospital stay. This suggests that therapeutic interventions which improve renal function might be beneficial.

title: The prognostic importance of different XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In general, chemical plaque agents have been used in mouthwashes, gels, and dentifrices. In some situations, application of mouthwashes and dentifrices can be difficult. Therefore, different approaches for oral health-care have been needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of propolis chewing-gum compared to propolis-containing mouthwash on @entity1 and plaque accumulation on @entity0 that refrained from daily oral hygiene procedures for 5 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 college students with systemically healthy and very good oral hygiene and gingival health were included in this randomized, single-blind, crossover 5-day plaque regrowth with a 3-day washout period clinical study. After plaque scores were reduced to zero, @entity0 were asked to refrain from oral hygiene procedures and allocated to either propolis mouthwash or chewing-gum group. Chewing-gum was performed after meals 3 times a day for 20 min mouthwash group was instructed to rinse mouthwash 2 times a day for 1 min. On day 5, the clinical periodontal measurements containing plaque and gingival indexes were taken from the @entity0 . RESULTS: The both plaque and gingival indexes of propolis mouthwash group were significantly lower than that of the propolis chewing-gum group (P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: It was demonstrated that the propolis mouthwash was more effective than the propolis chewing gum on the plaque inhibition and the @entity1 .

title: The comparative effect of propolis in two different vehicles; mouthwash and chewing-gum on plaque accumulation and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 2010, a large outbreak of @entity1 occurred in the Alice Springs region of the Northern Territory, Australia. The outbreak occurred 43 months after the introduction of the G1P[8] rotavirus vaccine Rotarix(  ). Forty-three @entity0 were hospitalized during the outbreak and analysis of fecal samples from each @entity0 revealed a G1P[8] rotavirus strain. The outbreak strain was adapted to cell culture and neutralization assays were performed using VP7 and VP4 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. The outbreak strain exhibited a distinct neutralization resistance pattern compared to the Rotarix(  ) vaccine strain. Whole genome sequencing of the 2010 outbreak virus strain demonstrated numerous @entity2 differences compared to the Rotarix(  ) vaccine strain in the characterized neutralization epitopes of the VP7 and VP4 proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of the outbreak strain revealed a close genetic relationship to global strains, in particular RVA/ @entity0 -wt/BEL/BE0098/2009/G1P[8] and RVA/ @entity0 -wt/BEL/BE00038/2008/G1P[8] for numerous genes. The 2010 outbreak strain was likely introduced from a globally circulating population of strains rather than evolving from an endemic Australian strain. The outbreak strain possessed antigenic differences in the VP7 and VP4 proteins compared to the Rotarix(  ) vaccine strain. The outbreak was associated with moderate vaccine coverage and possibly low vaccine take in the population.

title: Characterization of a G1P[8] rotavirus causing an outbreak of XXXX in the Northern Territory, Australia, in the vaccine era.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify factors other than socioeconomic status that influence participation in @entity1 screening. METHODS: A prospective, questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among all female nurses working at Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, between November 1 and December 15, 2013. Characteristics assessed included age, knowledge score (0-10, on the basis of 10 true-or-false statements), perceived risk of @entity1 , and health facility use. RESULTS: Among 2000 nurses, 1622 (81.1%) responded. The mean knowledge score was 4.70  1.76. Among 1593 nurses who reported on self-perception of risk, 97 (6.1%) reported high risk, 675 (42.4%) reported low risk, and 821 (51.5%) reported uncertainty. Of the 815 nurses reporting on their history of screening, 344 (42.2%) were screened regularly, 103 (12.6%) underwent opportunistic screening, and 368 (45.2%) had never undergone screening. The likelihood of screening was increased among @entity0 aged 35-49years, those who had recent experience of medical screening, those who had recently had a specialist consultation, or those who had recently had a consultation with a gynecologist (P<0.001 for all). Nurses undergoing regular screening reported positive effects of a doctor's recommendation, husband's encouragement, @entity0 talking about screening, and @entity0 close to the respondent undergoing screening. CONCLUSION: Advocacy and herd signaling positively influenced the @entity1 screening rate.

title: Factors affecting the uptake of XXXX screening among nurses in Singapore.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To validate the @entity1 : Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines risk stratification system based on the combination of eGFR and @entity3 . METHODS: It was a cohort study. A total of 1219 study population were recruited. Estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and @entity3 measured by using 24 hours urine protein excretion rate (PER) were predictors. Adverse outcomes included all-cause mortality (ACM) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Follow-up was done by regular visit, telephone interview and electronic medical records. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 4.6 years, 153 (12.6%) and 43 (3.5%) @entity0 experienced @entity2 and ACM, respectively. On multivariable analysis, the adjusted hazard ratio for @entity2 and ACM (compared with @entity0 with eGFR > 60 mL/ @entity4 .73 m2) was of 29.8 and 3.6 for those with eGFR of 15-29 mL/ @entity4 .73 m(2) , respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio for @entity2 and ACM (compared with @entity0 with PER     150 mg/24h) was of 15.9 and 3.9 for those with PER    500 mg/24h. Higher KDIGO guidlines risk categories (indicating lower eGFR or higher @entity3 ) were associated with a graded increase in the risk for the @entity2 (P   0.001) and ACM (P   0.001). Reclassification of KDIGO guidelines risk categories yielded net reclassification improvements for those with @entity2 or ACM event (NRIevents ) of 33.3% or 30.2%. CONCLUSION: Lower eGFR and higher @entity3 are risk factors for @entity2 and ACM in Chinese @entity0 . The KDIGO guidelines risk categorization system assigned @entity0 who went on to have the event to more appropriate CKD risk categories.

title: Validation of chronic XXXX risk categorization system in Chinese @entity0 with @entity1 : a Cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To validate the @entity1 : Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines risk stratification system based on the combination of eGFR and @entity3 . METHODS: It was a cohort study. A total of 1219 study population were recruited. Estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and @entity3 measured by using 24 hours urine protein excretion rate (PER) were predictors. Adverse outcomes included all-cause mortality (ACM) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Follow-up was done by regular visit, telephone interview and electronic medical records. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 4.6 years, 153 (12.6%) and 43 (3.5%) @entity0 experienced @entity2 and ACM, respectively. On multivariable analysis, the adjusted hazard ratio for @entity2 and ACM (compared with @entity0 with eGFR > 60 mL/ @entity4 .73 m2) was of 29.8 and 3.6 for those with eGFR of 15-29 mL/ @entity4 .73 m(2) , respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio for @entity2 and ACM (compared with @entity0 with PER     150 mg/24h) was of 15.9 and 3.9 for those with PER    500 mg/24h. Higher KDIGO guidlines risk categories (indicating lower eGFR or higher @entity3 ) were associated with a graded increase in the risk for the @entity2 (P   0.001) and ACM (P   0.001). Reclassification of KDIGO guidelines risk categories yielded net reclassification improvements for those with @entity2 or ACM event (NRIevents ) of 33.3% or 30.2%. CONCLUSION: Lower eGFR and higher @entity3 are risk factors for @entity2 and ACM in Chinese @entity0 . The KDIGO guidelines risk categorization system assigned @entity0 who went on to have the event to more appropriate CKD risk categories.

title: Validation of chronic @entity1 risk categorization system in Chinese @entity0 with XXXX : a Cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To validate the @entity1 : Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines risk stratification system based on the combination of eGFR and @entity3 . METHODS: It was a cohort study. A total of 1219 study population were recruited. Estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and @entity3 measured by using 24 hours urine protein excretion rate (PER) were predictors. Adverse outcomes included all-cause mortality (ACM) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Follow-up was done by regular visit, telephone interview and electronic medical records. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 4.6 years, 153 (12.6%) and 43 (3.5%) @entity0 experienced @entity2 and ACM, respectively. On multivariable analysis, the adjusted hazard ratio for @entity2 and ACM (compared with @entity0 with eGFR > 60 mL/ @entity4 .73 m2) was of 29.8 and 3.6 for those with eGFR of 15-29 mL/ @entity4 .73 m(2) , respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio for @entity2 and ACM (compared with @entity0 with PER     150 mg/24h) was of 15.9 and 3.9 for those with PER    500 mg/24h. Higher KDIGO guidlines risk categories (indicating lower eGFR or higher @entity3 ) were associated with a graded increase in the risk for the @entity2 (P   0.001) and ACM (P   0.001). Reclassification of KDIGO guidelines risk categories yielded net reclassification improvements for those with @entity2 or ACM event (NRIevents ) of 33.3% or 30.2%. CONCLUSION: Lower eGFR and higher @entity3 are risk factors for @entity2 and ACM in Chinese @entity0 . The KDIGO guidelines risk categorization system assigned @entity0 who went on to have the event to more appropriate CKD risk categories.

title: Validation of chronic @entity1 risk categorization system in Chinese XXXX with @entity1 : a Cohort study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 tend to carry functional and esthetic consequences for the @entity0 . The complex shapes in this region make such reconstructions a challenging procedure and the most suitable material to be used remains controversial. METHODS: We report a series of 14 @entity0 whose @entity2 were reconstructed using a computer designed PEEK-PSI ( @entity3 - @entity0 Specific Implant). We analyzed the complications and outcomes of PEEK custom-made implants and compared our results with those of other case series reported in the current literature. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 underwent craniofacial reconstruction using a PEEK-PSI. Three cases involved a one-step primary reconstruction and the rest of cases underwent a delayed reconstruction. Two cases (14.3 %) presented @entity1 and only in one case was the implant definitively removed. Esthetic results were considered to be highly satisfactory. CONCLUSION: With CAD-CAM techniques, it is possible to prefabricate an individual implant. The ideal material for reconstructing maxillofacial defects does not exist, but PEEK has demonstrated good outcomes. When autologous bone is not available or, in selected cases with large or complex defects in the maxillofacial area, PEEK is one of the best options to reconstruct these defects. However, further studies are needed to determine the long-term results.

title: XXXX custom-made implants for @entity2 : Report of 14 cases and review of the literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 tend to carry functional and esthetic consequences for the @entity0 . The complex shapes in this region make such reconstructions a challenging procedure and the most suitable material to be used remains controversial. METHODS: We report a series of 14 @entity0 whose @entity2 were reconstructed using a computer designed PEEK-PSI ( @entity3 - @entity0 Specific Implant). We analyzed the complications and outcomes of PEEK custom-made implants and compared our results with those of other case series reported in the current literature. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 underwent craniofacial reconstruction using a PEEK-PSI. Three cases involved a one-step primary reconstruction and the rest of cases underwent a delayed reconstruction. Two cases (14.3 %) presented @entity1 and only in one case was the implant definitively removed. Esthetic results were considered to be highly satisfactory. CONCLUSION: With CAD-CAM techniques, it is possible to prefabricate an individual implant. The ideal material for reconstructing maxillofacial defects does not exist, but PEEK has demonstrated good outcomes. When autologous bone is not available or, in selected cases with large or complex defects in the maxillofacial area, PEEK is one of the best options to reconstruct these defects. However, further studies are needed to determine the long-term results.

title: @entity3 custom-made implants for XXXX : Report of 14 cases and review of the literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the frequency of @entity1 and seek the main factors influencing their development. METHODS: To augment personal experience (1 case), a questionnaire was sent to 40 international centers of vascular and endovascular surgery. The literature was also reviewed to collect data on @entity1 developing in endovascular grafts. RESULTS: The survey (85% response rate) and literature review identified 62 cases of infected endovascular grafts (0.4% frequency of endograft @entity1 ). In 22 (35%) @entity0 , the @entity1 manifested initially with vague symptoms only, but 41 (65%) @entity0 eventually presented with @entity5 , groin @entity2 , and septic embolization. Common bacteria, such as @entity3 , were identified as the cause of most @entity1 (54.5%). The majority (49, 79%) of the 62 @entity0 were treated surgically; 11 (17.7%) @entity0 received conservative therapy (no therapeutic data in 2 @entity0 ). Overall mortality was 27.4% (17/62), and operative mortality was 16.3% (8/49). Conservative treatment led to a mortality rate of 36.4% (4/11). The mean follow-up for all @entity0 was 47.8 weeks. Possible factors influencing the development of an @entity1 were secondary adjunctive procedures, immunosuppression, treatment of @entity4 , and infected central lines. CONCLUSIONS: Infected endovascular grafts are an urgent problem that has been heretofore underestimated and will probably increase as follow-up lengthens. New techniques should be sought to expedite the diagnosis, and an international registry should be set up to provide validated data.

title: Endovascular graft XXXX : preliminary results of an international enquiry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The number of adults with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is increasing. They are striving for independence and a fulfilling life with focus on career, relationships, education and finances at a time when lung function is likely to be declining and complications of this @entity2 are increasing. Maintaining the quality and improving the duration of life are continuing challenges for the -clinician and the @entity0 . Increased hope and greater expectations have been provided by a number of recent clinical advances and active research into novel treatments, including gene therapy. There has been increased recognition of the necessity for early diagnosis, adequate monitoring and effective intervention for complications such as @entity1 and @entity3 . Research into multi-resistant bacteria and clonal strains of @entity4 is ongoing and attention has focused on infection control policies. Although more high-level evidence is required on many issues confronting @entity0 with @entity5 , a considerable effort has been made over the last decade to provide a more evidence-based approach to therapy with a number of large controlled clinical trials. For the adult with @entity5 , there are also more decisions to be made. There is focus on reproductive health, with most couples enjoying the real possibility of having @entity0 . For those with advanced disease, the option for lung transplantation is well established. Maintenance of quality care will require adequate planning, effective transition programmes from paediatric to adult care, specialized training for doctors, nurses and allied health professionals and the allocation of sufficient resources to accommodate the inevitable increase in @entity0 numbers.

title: Adults with XXXX : meeting the challenge!

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is an @entity2 with unpredictable behaviour. Clinical parameters are not always accurate for prognosis prediction. The integration of molecular markers to prognostic models can significantly improve prognostic assessment and consequently @entity0 management. We assessed the expression of alpha-enolase ( @entity4 ) protein by immunohistochemistry in 360 @entity0 with primary @entity3 and correlated its expression with multiple clinicopathological parameters including stage, grade, @entity1 size, disease-free and overall survival. Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for clinicopathological factors were used to test for a link between @entity4 expression and both disease-free and overall survival. We correlated @entity4 mRNA expression with overall survival in an independent set of 428 @entity3 cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas. @entity4 showed cytoplasmic, membranous and nuclear staining patterns. There is a  statistically significant negative correlation between @entity4 expression, @entity1 stage, and grade. @entity4 expression also shows a statistically significant direct correlation with disease-free survival (p  =  0.011) and overall survival (p  =  0.030) in @entity3 . @entity0 with higher @entity4 expression had lower hazard ratio of recurrence, although this was not statistically significant (HR  =  0.330, p  =  0.060). These findings were validated at the mRNA level in an independent set of 428 @entity3 cases which also showed that low @entity4 expression is associated with significantly shorter overall survival. Down-regulation of @entity4 can be a predictor of poor prognosis in @entity3 , and it can be a potential prognostic marker.

title: Alpha-enolase is a potential prognostic marker in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Fixation-related complications of displaced @entity3 treated by internal fixation are accompanied by high mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study is to investigate the pre- and postoperative radiographic @entity1 characteristics in relation to @entity0 age and the occurrence of reoperation caused by fixation @entity2 . METHODS: The preoperative radiographs of all @entity0 presenting with a proximal femur @entity1 between January 2004 and December 2012 were retrospectively assessed for @entity1 (AP and lateral view). @entity0 with a displaced @entity3 treated by closed reduction and internal fixation were included. The postoperative radiographs were assessed on adequate @entity1 reduction and correct position of the implant. @entity0 characteristics and outcome in terms of occurrence of fixation @entity2 (implant breakout, non-union) and reoperation rate were recorded. RESULTS: Hundred and-forty-nine @entity0 were admitted with a displaced @entity3 and treated by internal fixation. Fixation @entity2 was seen in 34 (23  %) @entity0 ; 9 @entity0 suffered from @entity4 . In total, 37 (25  %) @entity0 underwent reoperation caused by fixation-related complications. Taking the different age categories into account, 44  % of the @entity0  >75  years suffered fixation @entity2 compared with 17  % of the @entity0  <65  years. Postoperative incorrect reduction, with persisting @entity5 and/or lack of medial support resulted in reoperation in 37  % of the @entity0 , compared to 19  % reoperations in @entity0 with adequate reduction. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that @entity0 age and @entity1 reduction are important predictors for reoperation. In the preoperative treatment plan, @entity0 age should be taken into account and surgeons should strive for anatomical reduction. @entity0 over 75 should always undergo arthroplasty. In @entity0 aged 65-75, conversion to arthroplasty should be strongly considered if anatomical reduction is impossible.

title: Radiographic @entity1 features predicting @entity2 of internal fixation of displaced XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Fixation-related complications of displaced @entity3 treated by internal fixation are accompanied by high mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study is to investigate the pre- and postoperative radiographic @entity1 characteristics in relation to @entity0 age and the occurrence of reoperation caused by fixation @entity2 . METHODS: The preoperative radiographs of all @entity0 presenting with a proximal femur @entity1 between January 2004 and December 2012 were retrospectively assessed for @entity1 (AP and lateral view). @entity0 with a displaced @entity3 treated by closed reduction and internal fixation were included. The postoperative radiographs were assessed on adequate @entity1 reduction and correct position of the implant. @entity0 characteristics and outcome in terms of occurrence of fixation @entity2 (implant breakout, non-union) and reoperation rate were recorded. RESULTS: Hundred and-forty-nine @entity0 were admitted with a displaced @entity3 and treated by internal fixation. Fixation @entity2 was seen in 34 (23  %) @entity0 ; 9 @entity0 suffered from @entity4 . In total, 37 (25  %) @entity0 underwent reoperation caused by fixation-related complications. Taking the different age categories into account, 44  % of the @entity0  >75  years suffered fixation @entity2 compared with 17  % of the @entity0  <65  years. Postoperative incorrect reduction, with persisting @entity5 and/or lack of medial support resulted in reoperation in 37  % of the @entity0 , compared to 19  % reoperations in @entity0 with adequate reduction. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that @entity0 age and @entity1 reduction are important predictors for reoperation. In the preoperative treatment plan, @entity0 age should be taken into account and surgeons should strive for anatomical reduction. @entity0 over 75 should always undergo arthroplasty. In @entity0 aged 65-75, conversion to arthroplasty should be strongly considered if anatomical reduction is impossible.

title: Radiographic XXXX features predicting @entity2 of internal fixation of displaced @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Fixation-related complications of displaced @entity3 treated by internal fixation are accompanied by high mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study is to investigate the pre- and postoperative radiographic @entity1 characteristics in relation to @entity0 age and the occurrence of reoperation caused by fixation @entity2 . METHODS: The preoperative radiographs of all @entity0 presenting with a proximal femur @entity1 between January 2004 and December 2012 were retrospectively assessed for @entity1 (AP and lateral view). @entity0 with a displaced @entity3 treated by closed reduction and internal fixation were included. The postoperative radiographs were assessed on adequate @entity1 reduction and correct position of the implant. @entity0 characteristics and outcome in terms of occurrence of fixation @entity2 (implant breakout, non-union) and reoperation rate were recorded. RESULTS: Hundred and-forty-nine @entity0 were admitted with a displaced @entity3 and treated by internal fixation. Fixation @entity2 was seen in 34 (23  %) @entity0 ; 9 @entity0 suffered from @entity4 . In total, 37 (25  %) @entity0 underwent reoperation caused by fixation-related complications. Taking the different age categories into account, 44  % of the @entity0  >75  years suffered fixation @entity2 compared with 17  % of the @entity0  <65  years. Postoperative incorrect reduction, with persisting @entity5 and/or lack of medial support resulted in reoperation in 37  % of the @entity0 , compared to 19  % reoperations in @entity0 with adequate reduction. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that @entity0 age and @entity1 reduction are important predictors for reoperation. In the preoperative treatment plan, @entity0 age should be taken into account and surgeons should strive for anatomical reduction. @entity0 over 75 should always undergo arthroplasty. In @entity0 aged 65-75, conversion to arthroplasty should be strongly considered if anatomical reduction is impossible.

title: Radiographic @entity1 features predicting XXXX of internal fixation of displaced @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Injuries to the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis are frequent and continue to generate controversy. METHODS: The majority of purely ligamentous @entity0 ("high @entity6 ") is not sassociated with a latent or frank tibiofibular @entity7 and may be treated with an extended protocol of physical therapy. Relevant instability of the syndesmosis with @entity7 results from rupture of two or more ligaments that require surgical stabilization. Syndesmosis disruptions are commonly associated with bony @entity1 or @entity2 . Treatment consists in anatomic reduction of the distal fibula into the corresponding incisura of the distal tibia and stable fixation. Proposed means of fixation are refixation of bony syndesmotic @entity1 , one or two tibiofibular screws and suture button. There is no consensus on how long to maintain fixation. Both syndesmotic screws and suture buttons need to be removed if symptomatic. RESULTS/COMPLICATIONS: The most frequent complication is syndesmotic malreduction and may be minimized with open reduction and intraoperative 3D scanning. Other complications include @entity3 , @entity5 , tibiofibular @entity8 , chronic instability and posttraumatic @entity4 . CONCLUSION: The single most important prognostic factor is anatomic reduction of the distal fibula into the tibial incisura.

title: An update on the evaluation and treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The current management of open pneumothorax (OPTX) is based on Advanced @entity1 Life Support (ATLS) recommendations and consists of the application of a three-way occlusive dressing, followed by intercostal chest drain insertion. Very little is known regarding the spectrum and outcome of this approach, especially in the civilian setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 58 consecutive @entity0 with OPTX over a four-year period managed in a high volume metropolitan trauma service in South Africa. RESULTS: Of the 58 @entity0 included, 95  % (55/58) were male, and the mean age for all @entity0 was 21  years. Ninety-seven percent of all @entity1 were inflicted by knives and the remaining 3  % (2/58) of @entity1 were inflicted by unknown weapons. 59  % of @entity1 were left sided. In six @entity0 (10  %) a protocol violation was present in their management. Five of the six @entity0 (83  %) in whom protocol violation occurred developed a life-threatening event (tension @entity2 ) compared to none amongst those where the protocol was followed (p  <  0.001). There was no mortality as a direct result of management of OPTX following ATLS recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: ATLS recommendations for OPTX are safe and effective. Any deviation from this standard practice is associated with avoidable morbidity and potential mortality.

title: Open pneumothorax: the spectrum and outcome of management based on Advanced XXXX Life Support recommendations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Airway smooth muscle infiltration by mast cells is a feature of @entity2 and not @entity3 . In @entity2 , Th2 cytokines have been implicated as playing a critical role in the development of airway @entity0 and hyper-responsiveness. Whether inflammatory cells within the airway smooth muscle release these cytokines is unknown. METHODS: We have undertaken a comparative immunohistochemical study in bronchial biopsies from 14 subjects with @entity2 , 10 with @entity3 and eight normal controls recruited from two centres. RESULTS: The median number of @entity4 + cells/mm2 smooth muscle was significantly higher in subjects with @entity2 than @entity3 and normal controls for both the anti- @entity4 mAb 3H4 (2.4, 0, 0, respectively; P=0.001) and anti- @entity4 mAb 4D9 (1.6, 0, 0, respectively; P=0.02). There were no group differences in the number of @entity1 + cells (P=0.31). In six subjects with @entity2 , @entity5 expression by cells within the airway smooth muscle was studied. The median (range) of @entity5 +cells was 2 (0.9-2.7). Ninety-four percent of the cells expressing @entity4 (3H4), 92% of those expressing @entity4 (4D9) and 100% expressing @entity5 in the airway smooth muscle were mast cells. Fifty-five percent of the mast cells within the airway smooth muscle co-localized to @entity4 (3H4), 29% to @entity4 (4D9) and 17% to @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity2 , @entity6 + cells were present within the airway smooth muscle and were expressed predominantly by mast cells, suggesting that @entity4 and @entity5 may play an important role in mast cell-airway smooth muscle interactions.

title: XXXX expression is co-localized to mast cells within the airway smooth muscle in @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Airway smooth muscle infiltration by mast cells is a feature of @entity2 and not @entity3 . In @entity2 , Th2 cytokines have been implicated as playing a critical role in the development of airway @entity0 and hyper-responsiveness. Whether inflammatory cells within the airway smooth muscle release these cytokines is unknown. METHODS: We have undertaken a comparative immunohistochemical study in bronchial biopsies from 14 subjects with @entity2 , 10 with @entity3 and eight normal controls recruited from two centres. RESULTS: The median number of @entity4 + cells/mm2 smooth muscle was significantly higher in subjects with @entity2 than @entity3 and normal controls for both the anti- @entity4 mAb 3H4 (2.4, 0, 0, respectively; P=0.001) and anti- @entity4 mAb 4D9 (1.6, 0, 0, respectively; P=0.02). There were no group differences in the number of @entity1 + cells (P=0.31). In six subjects with @entity2 , @entity5 expression by cells within the airway smooth muscle was studied. The median (range) of @entity5 +cells was 2 (0.9-2.7). Ninety-four percent of the cells expressing @entity4 (3H4), 92% of those expressing @entity4 (4D9) and 100% expressing @entity5 in the airway smooth muscle were mast cells. Fifty-five percent of the mast cells within the airway smooth muscle co-localized to @entity4 (3H4), 29% to @entity4 (4D9) and 17% to @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity2 , @entity6 + cells were present within the airway smooth muscle and were expressed predominantly by mast cells, suggesting that @entity4 and @entity5 may play an important role in mast cell-airway smooth muscle interactions.

title: @entity6 expression is co-localized to mast cells within the airway smooth muscle in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Previous phase I, II, and III studies on high-dose @entity6 (HDEPI), alone or in combination with @entity3 (CP), indicate an interesting activity of this drug in the treatment of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). However, the toxicological profile of HDEPI limits its prolonged use. In our experience, @entity5 (VNR) seems to be a suitable drug for long-term monotherapy for advanced @entity4 . On these grounds, advanced @entity4 @entity0 were treated with the following strategy: 3 consecutive cycles of CP 60 mg/m2 and HDEPI 120 mg/m2 on day 1, every 3 weeks; then, irrespective of response, weekly VNR at a dose of 25 mg/m2 was administered at home. From December 1996 to March 1998, 25 @entity0 entered the study. After receiving 3 cycles of CP/HDEPI, 8 @entity0 (32%) had a partial response and 3 (12%) had a minor response. Nine @entity0 had stable disease (36%) and 4 (16%) had progressive disease. Twenty-three @entity0 received weekly VNR, and the median number of administrations was 10 (range, 1-38). After VNR treatment, we observed a partial response in 2 @entity0 who previously had stable disease. Therefore, the overall response rate to sequential treatment was 40%; median time to progression was 7 months (range, 2-26 months). The major @entity1 due to the CP/HDEPI regimen were @entity8 (72%) and @entity9 (80%). During the VNR treatment, grade 3/4 @entity8 was seen in 36% of @entity0 . The doses and the timing of VNR administrations were modified according to @entity1 . Symptoms such as cough, @entity7 , and @entity2 , present in 21 @entity0 before the treatment, improved in 11 cases (52%). Median overall survival is 9 months (range, 3-40+ months); one @entity0 is still alive after 40 months. One- and 2-year survival rates are, respectively, 44% and 16%. This study confirms the activity of CP/HDEPI in @entity4 and indicates that the sequential treatment of CP/HDEPI for 3 cycles followed by weekly VNR could be considered an effective strategy for locally advanced or metastatic @entity4 .

title: Phase II study of sequential treatment of advanced @entity4 : three cycles of high-dose XXXX plus @entity3 followed by weekly @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Previous phase I, II, and III studies on high-dose @entity6 (HDEPI), alone or in combination with @entity3 (CP), indicate an interesting activity of this drug in the treatment of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). However, the toxicological profile of HDEPI limits its prolonged use. In our experience, @entity5 (VNR) seems to be a suitable drug for long-term monotherapy for advanced @entity4 . On these grounds, advanced @entity4 @entity0 were treated with the following strategy: 3 consecutive cycles of CP 60 mg/m2 and HDEPI 120 mg/m2 on day 1, every 3 weeks; then, irrespective of response, weekly VNR at a dose of 25 mg/m2 was administered at home. From December 1996 to March 1998, 25 @entity0 entered the study. After receiving 3 cycles of CP/HDEPI, 8 @entity0 (32%) had a partial response and 3 (12%) had a minor response. Nine @entity0 had stable disease (36%) and 4 (16%) had progressive disease. Twenty-three @entity0 received weekly VNR, and the median number of administrations was 10 (range, 1-38). After VNR treatment, we observed a partial response in 2 @entity0 who previously had stable disease. Therefore, the overall response rate to sequential treatment was 40%; median time to progression was 7 months (range, 2-26 months). The major @entity1 due to the CP/HDEPI regimen were @entity8 (72%) and @entity9 (80%). During the VNR treatment, grade 3/4 @entity8 was seen in 36% of @entity0 . The doses and the timing of VNR administrations were modified according to @entity1 . Symptoms such as cough, @entity7 , and @entity2 , present in 21 @entity0 before the treatment, improved in 11 cases (52%). Median overall survival is 9 months (range, 3-40+ months); one @entity0 is still alive after 40 months. One- and 2-year survival rates are, respectively, 44% and 16%. This study confirms the activity of CP/HDEPI in @entity4 and indicates that the sequential treatment of CP/HDEPI for 3 cycles followed by weekly VNR could be considered an effective strategy for locally advanced or metastatic @entity4 .

title: Phase II study of sequential treatment of advanced XXXX : three cycles of high-dose @entity6 plus @entity3 followed by weekly @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Previous phase I, II, and III studies on high-dose @entity6 (HDEPI), alone or in combination with @entity3 (CP), indicate an interesting activity of this drug in the treatment of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). However, the toxicological profile of HDEPI limits its prolonged use. In our experience, @entity5 (VNR) seems to be a suitable drug for long-term monotherapy for advanced @entity4 . On these grounds, advanced @entity4 @entity0 were treated with the following strategy: 3 consecutive cycles of CP 60 mg/m2 and HDEPI 120 mg/m2 on day 1, every 3 weeks; then, irrespective of response, weekly VNR at a dose of 25 mg/m2 was administered at home. From December 1996 to March 1998, 25 @entity0 entered the study. After receiving 3 cycles of CP/HDEPI, 8 @entity0 (32%) had a partial response and 3 (12%) had a minor response. Nine @entity0 had stable disease (36%) and 4 (16%) had progressive disease. Twenty-three @entity0 received weekly VNR, and the median number of administrations was 10 (range, 1-38). After VNR treatment, we observed a partial response in 2 @entity0 who previously had stable disease. Therefore, the overall response rate to sequential treatment was 40%; median time to progression was 7 months (range, 2-26 months). The major @entity1 due to the CP/HDEPI regimen were @entity8 (72%) and @entity9 (80%). During the VNR treatment, grade 3/4 @entity8 was seen in 36% of @entity0 . The doses and the timing of VNR administrations were modified according to @entity1 . Symptoms such as cough, @entity7 , and @entity2 , present in 21 @entity0 before the treatment, improved in 11 cases (52%). Median overall survival is 9 months (range, 3-40+ months); one @entity0 is still alive after 40 months. One- and 2-year survival rates are, respectively, 44% and 16%. This study confirms the activity of CP/HDEPI in @entity4 and indicates that the sequential treatment of CP/HDEPI for 3 cycles followed by weekly VNR could be considered an effective strategy for locally advanced or metastatic @entity4 .

title: Phase II study of sequential treatment of advanced @entity4 : three cycles of high-dose @entity6 plus @entity3 followed by weekly XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Previous phase I, II, and III studies on high-dose @entity6 (HDEPI), alone or in combination with @entity3 (CP), indicate an interesting activity of this drug in the treatment of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). However, the toxicological profile of HDEPI limits its prolonged use. In our experience, @entity5 (VNR) seems to be a suitable drug for long-term monotherapy for advanced @entity4 . On these grounds, advanced @entity4 @entity0 were treated with the following strategy: 3 consecutive cycles of CP 60 mg/m2 and HDEPI 120 mg/m2 on day 1, every 3 weeks; then, irrespective of response, weekly VNR at a dose of 25 mg/m2 was administered at home. From December 1996 to March 1998, 25 @entity0 entered the study. After receiving 3 cycles of CP/HDEPI, 8 @entity0 (32%) had a partial response and 3 (12%) had a minor response. Nine @entity0 had stable disease (36%) and 4 (16%) had progressive disease. Twenty-three @entity0 received weekly VNR, and the median number of administrations was 10 (range, 1-38). After VNR treatment, we observed a partial response in 2 @entity0 who previously had stable disease. Therefore, the overall response rate to sequential treatment was 40%; median time to progression was 7 months (range, 2-26 months). The major @entity1 due to the CP/HDEPI regimen were @entity8 (72%) and @entity9 (80%). During the VNR treatment, grade 3/4 @entity8 was seen in 36% of @entity0 . The doses and the timing of VNR administrations were modified according to @entity1 . Symptoms such as cough, @entity7 , and @entity2 , present in 21 @entity0 before the treatment, improved in 11 cases (52%). Median overall survival is 9 months (range, 3-40+ months); one @entity0 is still alive after 40 months. One- and 2-year survival rates are, respectively, 44% and 16%. This study confirms the activity of CP/HDEPI in @entity4 and indicates that the sequential treatment of CP/HDEPI for 3 cycles followed by weekly VNR could be considered an effective strategy for locally advanced or metastatic @entity4 .

title: Phase II study of sequential treatment of advanced @entity4 : three cycles of high-dose @entity6 plus XXXX followed by weekly @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity5 ) mimics the membrane environments as it simulates the hydrophobic environment and better stabilizes the secondary structures in peptides owing to its hydrophobicity and @entity1 bond-forming properties. Its dielectric constant approximates that of the interior of proteins and is one-third of that of water. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a biological transporter. The effect of @entity5 on HSA gives the clue about the conformational changes taking place in HSA on transport of ligands across the biological membranes. At 25% (v/v) and 60% (v/v) @entity5 , HSA exhibits non-native b-sheet, altered @entity2 fluorescence, exposed hydrophobic clusters, increased @entity3 fluorescence and prominent red shifted Congo red absorbance, and large hydrodynamic radii suggesting the aggregate formation. Isothermal titration calorimetric results indicate weak binding of @entity5 and HSA. This suggests that solvent-mediated effects dominate the interaction of @entity5 and HSA. TEM confirmed prefibrillar at 25% (v/v) and fibrillar aggregates at 60% (v/v) @entity5 . Comet assay of prefibrillar aggregates showed DNA damage causing cell @entity0 hence confirming cytotoxic nature. On increasing concentration of @entity5 to 80% (v/v), HSA showed retention of native-like secondary structure, increased Trp and ANS fluorescence, a transition from b-sheet to a-helix. Thus, @entity5 at high concentration possess anti- aggregating potency.

title: Anesthetic XXXX induces amyloidogenesis and cytotoxicity in human serum albumin.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are the preferred treatment for @entity3 , even though the development of in-stent restenosis (ISR) continues to be an important complication. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is indicative of the inflammatory process and can predict the short- and long-term prognosis of @entity1 . We investigated the relationship between ISR development and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in @entity2 in stable @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We analyzed the clinical and angiographic data of 181 consecutive stable @entity3 @entity0 who had undergone successful PCI to the true bifurcation lesion from January 2010-December 2012. @entity0 were divided into two groups based on the development of ISR (group 1, ISR -; group 2, ISR +). RESULTS: NLRafter (p < 0.001) and NLR   (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in group 2. NLR   was found to be significant independent predictor of ISR in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. A NLR   level > 0.58 mg/dL had 81.8% sensitivity and 93.5% specificity for the prediction of ISR, as identified by the ROC curve. A NLRafter level > 3.43 predicted ISR with 45.5% sensitivity and 95.8% specificity. The comparison of ROC curve analysis demonstrated that NLR   was the strongest independent predictor of ISR (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: As a result, although drug eluting stent implantation is known to be recommended in the bifurcation lesion PCI in worldwide, we want to emphasize the usage of the NLR values in the prediction of ISR. So, we think that NLR   levels may be a useful marker for the prediction of ISR in @entity0 who undergo bifurcation PCI.

title: Use of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio for prediction of in-stent restenosis in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an @entity6 with a great clinical polymorphism. Wide variety of genetic, hormonal, immunological and environmental contributes to release the disease. Our objective was to describe and precise the epidemiological, clinical and immunological profile of this disease in Tunisia. METHOD: It is a retrospective study conducted by the Tunisian society of internal medicine during the period from January 1990 to December 1999. All @entity0 fulfilled at least four of the revised American @entity4 Association's criteria for @entity8 . RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety-five @entity8 have been examined (271 @entity0 , 24 @entity0 ). The most frequent clinical manifestations were: articular 90%, @entity9 62%, photosensitivity 46%, seritis 32% and @entity5 56%, dominated by WHO class III and IV: 60 cases (renal biopsy was performed in 95 @entity0 ). Neurological features were observed in 14.5%. The abnormal laboratory findings were leucocytopenia 45%, @entity10 47%, @entity7 16% and @entity11 in 6.7%. Antinuclear antibodies, anti-ds DNA and anti-Sm were at 92%, 74% and 57%, respectively. Eighty-three percent of @entity0 were treated by @entity2 , and in 52 cases (18%), we added immunosuppressive drugs. Two hundred and eighteen @entity0 were followed up with a mean follow-up duration of 51 months. Twenty-eight percent were in complete remission and in 60%, the @entity8 was active. In contrast, @entity1 occurred in 29 cases. CONCLUSION: Our study confirmed the clinical polymorphism of @entity8 , the great similarity with other studies apart the world, the gravity of renal and cardiac features and the infectious complications induced by @entity3 .

title: [ XXXX in Tunisia. A multicentric study. About 295 cases].

answer: @entity8


abstract: The reproductive cycle of wild @entity0 ( @entity0 ) living in Zembra Island (North Tunisia) is dependent on an external factor, the photoperiod: the gonads are inhibited by long days and stimulated by short days or @entity3 implants. Here we studied the role of an internal factor, thyroid hormones and the possible thyroid-gonadal interrelationships, in animals captured on Zembra Island and maintained in natural conditions of photoperiod and temperature. We determined the seasonal profile of the thyroid and testis cycles and investigated the effects of castration and thyroidectomy on the seasonal @entity1 and @entity2 cycles. Plasma @entity2 and @entity1 levels followed similar, parallel seasonal patterns, with a peak in autumn (October) and low values from January to August. In thyroidectomized animals, plasma @entity1 levels, although significantly higher than those in controls (P < 0.001), remained low throughout the 13 mo of the experiment, and no testicular reactivation was observed in the fall. In castrated animals, despite the increase in @entity2 concentration in the 3 mo following castration (P < 0.01), plasma @entity2 levels remained low during the 2 yr of the study. We then investigated the combined effects of long days (16L:8D) and moderately high temperature (25 degrees C) on these two endocrine axes. In constant gonado-inhibiting conditions (16L:8D), whether the temperature was kept constantly high or allowed to fluctuate naturally, no reactivation of the thyroid and testicular axes was observed in the fall. In control animals, the peaks of @entity1 and @entity2 concentrations observed in September were larger (P < 0.001) than those in animals subjected to the same natural photoperiod conditions but with constantly high temperature. The lower level of autumnal testis stimulation (P < 0.001) in animals maintained in conditions of constant high temperature (25 degrees C) may be attributed to the low @entity2 levels induced by high temperature. These results clearly confirm that the thyroid and testicular cycles display similar seasonal variations and show that the thyroid and gonadal axes are strictly interdependent. This study provides the first demonstration, for a given species, that the seasonal reactivation of gonad activity is controlled by the thyroid, and thyroid activity is controlled by the gonads.

title: Reciprocal interaction between seasonal testis and thyroid activity in Zembra Island wild XXXX ( @entity0 ): effects of castration, thyroidectomy, temperature, and photoperiod.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The reproductive cycle of wild @entity0 ( @entity0 ) living in Zembra Island (North Tunisia) is dependent on an external factor, the photoperiod: the gonads are inhibited by long days and stimulated by short days or @entity3 implants. Here we studied the role of an internal factor, thyroid hormones and the possible thyroid-gonadal interrelationships, in animals captured on Zembra Island and maintained in natural conditions of photoperiod and temperature. We determined the seasonal profile of the thyroid and testis cycles and investigated the effects of castration and thyroidectomy on the seasonal @entity1 and @entity2 cycles. Plasma @entity2 and @entity1 levels followed similar, parallel seasonal patterns, with a peak in autumn (October) and low values from January to August. In thyroidectomized animals, plasma @entity1 levels, although significantly higher than those in controls (P < 0.001), remained low throughout the 13 mo of the experiment, and no testicular reactivation was observed in the fall. In castrated animals, despite the increase in @entity2 concentration in the 3 mo following castration (P < 0.01), plasma @entity2 levels remained low during the 2 yr of the study. We then investigated the combined effects of long days (16L:8D) and moderately high temperature (25 degrees C) on these two endocrine axes. In constant gonado-inhibiting conditions (16L:8D), whether the temperature was kept constantly high or allowed to fluctuate naturally, no reactivation of the thyroid and testicular axes was observed in the fall. In control animals, the peaks of @entity1 and @entity2 concentrations observed in September were larger (P < 0.001) than those in animals subjected to the same natural photoperiod conditions but with constantly high temperature. The lower level of autumnal testis stimulation (P < 0.001) in animals maintained in conditions of constant high temperature (25 degrees C) may be attributed to the low @entity2 levels induced by high temperature. These results clearly confirm that the thyroid and testicular cycles display similar seasonal variations and show that the thyroid and gonadal axes are strictly interdependent. This study provides the first demonstration, for a given species, that the seasonal reactivation of gonad activity is controlled by the thyroid, and thyroid activity is controlled by the gonads.

title: Reciprocal interaction between seasonal testis and thyroid activity in Zembra Island wild @entity0 ( XXXX ): effects of castration, thyroidectomy, temperature, and photoperiod.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of intravitreal autologous @entity4 injection (IVAP) on @entity2 and vitreolysis. METHODS: In this interventional, prospective, case series pilot study, 8 eyes were assigned to IVAP. Plasminogen as centrifuged from the @entity0 ' plasma was converted to @entity4 by adding urokinase. A total of 0.2 mL extracted @entity4 was injected intravitreally. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and potential injection-related complications at week 4 were the primary outcome measures. Secondary outcomes included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (VA) (logMAR) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: Mean age of the @entity0 was 54.35 years. Two @entity0 had complete @entity7 and 3 @entity0 had partial @entity7 . Four @entity0 had decrease in @entity3 . The VA was not changed in 6 @entity0 , improved in 1 @entity0 , and decreased in 1 @entity0 . No @entity5 , @entity6 , or postinjection vitreous @entity1 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study demonstrated the efficacy of urokinase-prepared IVAP injection on releasing vitreomacular traction and inducing vitreolysis.

title: Intravitreal autologous XXXX prepared by urokinase for vitreolysis: a pilot study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) are highly enriched in a rare subset of Lin- @entity1 + @entity3 - cells. Independent of stage of @entity0 development, @entity7 function segregates to the subset of Lin- @entity1 + @entity3 - cells. However, fetal-derived HSPCs demonstrate distinct self-renewal and differentiation capacities compared with their adult counterparts. Here, to characterize the molecular nature of fetal HSPCs, suppressive subtractive hybridization was used to compare gene expression of HSPCs isolated from fetal blood (FB-HSPCs) versus adult mobilized peripheral blood (MPB-HSPCs). We identified 97 differentially expressed genes that could be annotated into distinct groups that include transcription factors, cell cycle regulators, and genes involved in signal transduction. Candidate regulators, such as @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and @entity4 protooncogene ( @entity4 ), and a novel homeobox gene product were among transcripts that were found to be differentially expressed and could be associated with specific proliferation and differentiation properties unique to FB-HSPCs. Interestingly, the majority of genes associated with signal transduction belong to Ras pathway, highlighting the significance of Ras signaling in FB-HSPCs. Genes differentially expressed in FB-HSPCs versus adult MPB-HSPCs were verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). This approach also resulted in the identification of a transcript that is highly expressed in FB-HSPCs but not detectable in more differentiated Lin- @entity1 + @entity3 + FB progenitors. Our investigation represents the first study to compare phenotypically similar, but functionally distinct, @entity7 populations and to provide a gene profile of unique @entity0 HSPCs with higher proliferative capacity derived from early in utero @entity0 blood development.

title: Differential gene expression of XXXX stem progenitor cells derived from early stages of in utero @entity0 hematopoiesis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) are highly enriched in a rare subset of Lin- @entity1 + @entity3 - cells. Independent of stage of @entity0 development, @entity7 function segregates to the subset of Lin- @entity1 + @entity3 - cells. However, fetal-derived HSPCs demonstrate distinct self-renewal and differentiation capacities compared with their adult counterparts. Here, to characterize the molecular nature of fetal HSPCs, suppressive subtractive hybridization was used to compare gene expression of HSPCs isolated from fetal blood (FB-HSPCs) versus adult mobilized peripheral blood (MPB-HSPCs). We identified 97 differentially expressed genes that could be annotated into distinct groups that include transcription factors, cell cycle regulators, and genes involved in signal transduction. Candidate regulators, such as @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and @entity4 protooncogene ( @entity4 ), and a novel homeobox gene product were among transcripts that were found to be differentially expressed and could be associated with specific proliferation and differentiation properties unique to FB-HSPCs. Interestingly, the majority of genes associated with signal transduction belong to Ras pathway, highlighting the significance of Ras signaling in FB-HSPCs. Genes differentially expressed in FB-HSPCs versus adult MPB-HSPCs were verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). This approach also resulted in the identification of a transcript that is highly expressed in FB-HSPCs but not detectable in more differentiated Lin- @entity1 + @entity3 + FB progenitors. Our investigation represents the first study to compare phenotypically similar, but functionally distinct, @entity7 populations and to provide a gene profile of unique @entity0 HSPCs with higher proliferative capacity derived from early in utero @entity0 blood development.

title: Differential gene expression of @entity0 stem progenitor cells derived from early stages of in utero XXXX hematopoiesis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the examination and intervention strategy utilized in the differential diagnosis and treatment of a @entity0 with @entity1 . BACKGROUND: The @entity0 was a 44-year-old @entity0 with an 8-month history of left @entity1 . He presented with a chief complaint of limited standing and walking tolerance secondary to @entity1 in the left heel. He had not responded to previous treatments of rest, anti-inflammatory medication, @entity3 injections, and exercise prescription. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity0 's @entity1 was reproduced utilizing the straight leg raise (SLR) in combination with ankle dorsiflexion and eversion to sensitize the tibial nerve. These findings suggested a @entity4 . Because restricted ankle dorsiflexion, excessive pronation, and posterior tibialis weakness were also found, @entity2 also likely contributed to the etiology of @entity1 . The @entity0 was treated for 10 visits over a period of 1 month. Treatment consisted of active and passive motions aimed at restoring @entity1 -free soft-tissue motion along the course of the tibial nerve. In addition, low-dye taping and therapeutic exercises were utilized to control excessive pronation and reduce stress on the plantar structures of the foot. RESULTS: The @entity0 's SLR increased from 42 degrees to 54 degrees and became @entity1 -free. Dorsiflexion range of motion increased from 3 degrees to 8 degrees in the left ankle, and left posterior tibialis strength was normalized. Over a period of 1 month the @entity0 's symptoms were resolved, and his standing and walking tolerance was fully restored. CONCLUSION: Assessment and potential contribution of @entity2 should be considered in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Differential diagnosis and treatment of XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The present study was conducted to compare ageing phenomena in @entity0 with @entity3 aged 40 years and above living in community residences (n = 29) with those living with their families (n = 31). The goals were to compare the health status between the two types of settings, to compare the health status between the study sample and the general Israeli population of the same age group, and to investigate whether deterioration occurs among the @entity0 in activities of daily living (ADLs), cognitive ability and leisure activity. Health problems had already appeared by 40 years of age among the @entity0 . The most frequent problems were @entity1 (33%), @entity2 (20%) and heart problems (20%). Dental problems were found in 30%. The community-based residence group displayed more medical problems than @entity0 living at home, whereas individuals living at home had more dental problems. The functioning of the @entity0 in the ADL areas was high, with no evident decline reported during the previous 5 years. Concerning leisure time, a decline in functioning in both residential groups was observed, and interestingly, the scores for social life and leisure activities were better for the community-based residential group. There is a need for better dental service provision for @entity0 with @entity3 living at home. The data provided in the current study can serve as a preliminary base for the development of geriatric services for older adults with @entity3 in the community and also provide a basis for further comparison with peers in the general population.

title: Ageing and XXXX in Israel: a study to compare community residence with living at home.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish the relative estrogenicity of @entity6 and @entity9 and to establish .05 and .1 mg of @entity9 as standard reference preparations for the comparative study of other compounds. @entity0 were selected from a large group of primary @entity7 , secondary @entity7 , and postmenopausal @entity0 . All required hormonal replacement therapy. @entity0 with @entity5 or those with diminished or abnormal response were excluded. Vaginal cytology was used as the main method for the assessment of the response. Before treatment all had either an @entity8 pattern (Maturation Index = 50-50-0) or a @entity4 pattern (MI=5-95-0) with a mean value of 10-87-3 for @entity0 with primary @entity7 and 18-79-3 in the other 2 groups. @entity0 with a proliferative intermediate cell pattern and postmenopausal @entity0 thought to have continuing endogenous @entity3 activity were omitted. @entity6 or @entity9 were given orally in doses of .025, .05, and .1 mg for a period of 10 days during which frequent vaginal smears were made. When cell patterns showed extremely marked cytolysis of the glycogen-containing intermediate cells and a low percentage of karyopyknotic superficial cells these @entity0 were excluded. 40 @entity0 were finally included. The effects of @entity3 on the vaginal epithelium in all 40 @entity0 after 10 days therapy were quite uniform. In those cases showing delayed regression of estrogenic effects 4 mg of @entity10 was given daily for 10 days. These @entity0 then showed a reduction in the superficial cell percentage accompanied by a shift to the left in the maturation index such as 0-40-60 before to 0-95-5 after treatment. A few @entity0 had an insignificant reduction in the superficial cell percentages. Changes in the percentages of the intermediate type of cells were not significant. The regression was considered to be complete when the smear contained mainly small intermediate cells and parabasal cells with numerous leukocytes and some @entity1 . Both @entity3 preparations produced the same vaginal response at .05 mg doses. Tablets of .05 and .1 mg @entity9 were chosen for further study. The increase in the superficial cell index to 30 ( @entity2 plus or minus 18.5) following treatment with .05 mg and the increase to 54.1 ( @entity2 plus or minus 26.7) following .1 mg have been adopted as standard vaginal responses. The term estrogenic effect used in vaginal cytology is taken to mean the local vaginal effect induced by @entity3 .

title: A comparative study of the estrogenic potential of two synthetic @entity3 ( XXXX and @entity6 ).

answer: @entity9


abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish the relative estrogenicity of @entity6 and @entity9 and to establish .05 and .1 mg of @entity9 as standard reference preparations for the comparative study of other compounds. @entity0 were selected from a large group of primary @entity7 , secondary @entity7 , and postmenopausal @entity0 . All required hormonal replacement therapy. @entity0 with @entity5 or those with diminished or abnormal response were excluded. Vaginal cytology was used as the main method for the assessment of the response. Before treatment all had either an @entity8 pattern (Maturation Index = 50-50-0) or a @entity4 pattern (MI=5-95-0) with a mean value of 10-87-3 for @entity0 with primary @entity7 and 18-79-3 in the other 2 groups. @entity0 with a proliferative intermediate cell pattern and postmenopausal @entity0 thought to have continuing endogenous @entity3 activity were omitted. @entity6 or @entity9 were given orally in doses of .025, .05, and .1 mg for a period of 10 days during which frequent vaginal smears were made. When cell patterns showed extremely marked cytolysis of the glycogen-containing intermediate cells and a low percentage of karyopyknotic superficial cells these @entity0 were excluded. 40 @entity0 were finally included. The effects of @entity3 on the vaginal epithelium in all 40 @entity0 after 10 days therapy were quite uniform. In those cases showing delayed regression of estrogenic effects 4 mg of @entity10 was given daily for 10 days. These @entity0 then showed a reduction in the superficial cell percentage accompanied by a shift to the left in the maturation index such as 0-40-60 before to 0-95-5 after treatment. A few @entity0 had an insignificant reduction in the superficial cell percentages. Changes in the percentages of the intermediate type of cells were not significant. The regression was considered to be complete when the smear contained mainly small intermediate cells and parabasal cells with numerous leukocytes and some @entity1 . Both @entity3 preparations produced the same vaginal response at .05 mg doses. Tablets of .05 and .1 mg @entity9 were chosen for further study. The increase in the superficial cell index to 30 ( @entity2 plus or minus 18.5) following treatment with .05 mg and the increase to 54.1 ( @entity2 plus or minus 26.7) following .1 mg have been adopted as standard vaginal responses. The term estrogenic effect used in vaginal cytology is taken to mean the local vaginal effect induced by @entity3 .

title: A comparative study of the estrogenic potential of two synthetic @entity3 ( @entity9 and XXXX ).

answer: @entity6


abstract: The purpose of this study was to establish the relative estrogenicity of @entity6 and @entity9 and to establish .05 and .1 mg of @entity9 as standard reference preparations for the comparative study of other compounds. @entity0 were selected from a large group of primary @entity7 , secondary @entity7 , and postmenopausal @entity0 . All required hormonal replacement therapy. @entity0 with @entity5 or those with diminished or abnormal response were excluded. Vaginal cytology was used as the main method for the assessment of the response. Before treatment all had either an @entity8 pattern (Maturation Index = 50-50-0) or a @entity4 pattern (MI=5-95-0) with a mean value of 10-87-3 for @entity0 with primary @entity7 and 18-79-3 in the other 2 groups. @entity0 with a proliferative intermediate cell pattern and postmenopausal @entity0 thought to have continuing endogenous @entity3 activity were omitted. @entity6 or @entity9 were given orally in doses of .025, .05, and .1 mg for a period of 10 days during which frequent vaginal smears were made. When cell patterns showed extremely marked cytolysis of the glycogen-containing intermediate cells and a low percentage of karyopyknotic superficial cells these @entity0 were excluded. 40 @entity0 were finally included. The effects of @entity3 on the vaginal epithelium in all 40 @entity0 after 10 days therapy were quite uniform. In those cases showing delayed regression of estrogenic effects 4 mg of @entity10 was given daily for 10 days. These @entity0 then showed a reduction in the superficial cell percentage accompanied by a shift to the left in the maturation index such as 0-40-60 before to 0-95-5 after treatment. A few @entity0 had an insignificant reduction in the superficial cell percentages. Changes in the percentages of the intermediate type of cells were not significant. The regression was considered to be complete when the smear contained mainly small intermediate cells and parabasal cells with numerous leukocytes and some @entity1 . Both @entity3 preparations produced the same vaginal response at .05 mg doses. Tablets of .05 and .1 mg @entity9 were chosen for further study. The increase in the superficial cell index to 30 ( @entity2 plus or minus 18.5) following treatment with .05 mg and the increase to 54.1 ( @entity2 plus or minus 26.7) following .1 mg have been adopted as standard vaginal responses. The term estrogenic effect used in vaginal cytology is taken to mean the local vaginal effect induced by @entity3 .

title: A comparative study of the estrogenic potential of two synthetic XXXX ( @entity9 and @entity6 ).

answer: @entity3


abstract: Progress of essential steps of the capacitation is coordinated in the oviductal isthmus, where sperm are stored in close contact with the epithelium. A crucial capacitational event is the phosphorylation of sperm membrane proteins. Regulation of the @entity3 phosphorylation by the oviduct has not been examined in @entity0 sperm yet. The aim of this work was to study the effect of @entity0 sperm binding to porcine oviductal epithelium on capacitation-induced cellular and molecular changes. Epithelial cells were stripped from the oviducts of post-puberal sows and cultured for 5-7 days at 39 degrees C and 5% @entity2 on Biomatrix-covered Chamber slides. Sperm washed through Percoll was co-incubated with the oviductal epithelium cell cultures in a @entity1 Tyrode's medium. During co-incubation, sperm membrane changes, the state of @entity3 phosphorylation and motility were determined after 3, 30, 90, 180, 240 and 360 min. Significant increases in the percentage of capacitated and dead cells were observed in unbound sperm, while bound sperm remained uncapacitated, live and motile. An increasing @entity3 phosphorylation of tail proteins in bound, unbound and control sperm suspensions and a subsequent phosphorylation of head proteins in unbound and control sperm suspensions were observed. A significant difference regarding head phosphorylation (p < 0.05) was found between sperm bound to oviductal epithelium and unbound sperm. Binding occurred mainly in sperm with non- phosphorylated heads, while higher proportions of phosphorylated cells were found in unbound populations. The head phosphorylation progressed significantly during incubation in unbound spermatozoa (p < 0.05); however, it was suppressed in population of sperm attached to oviductal epithelium. Significant correlations between motility parameters related to hyperactivation and tail phosphorylation were found in unbound sperm. These observations support the hypothesis that spermatozoa with non-phosphorylated heads preferentially attach to epithelial cells. It can be concluded that @entity3 phosphorylation of head membrane proteins and capacitation are delayed in @entity0 spermatozoa being in closed contact with oviductal epithelium.

title: Regulation of capacitation of XXXX spermatozoa during co-culture with heterologous oviductal epithelial cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was one of the earliest ablative techniques applied to @entity1 . The rationale for this use was the ability to treat large amounts of esophageal mucosa in a single rapid application. Additionally, PDT has the ability to treat @entity0 and @entity5 tissue. Because a small @entity0 in @entity1 cannot not be excluded, PDT therapy is a reasonable treatment in this setting. The treatment involves the use of a light and drug combination that must be administered with close attention to dosimetry, since tissue effects of the therapy are delayed and cannot be observed at the time of treatment. Drug administration of @entity4 porfimer should precede photoradiation by 48 hours. Overall results with this treatment have been good. Case series have established a success rate of 88% to 100% in elimination of high-grade @entity3 . The only randomized multi-center prospective trial in the treatment of @entity1 with high-grade @entity3 has established that the treatment eliminates high-grade @entity3 better than administration of proton pump inhibitors alone. Unfortunately, there are significant adverse events, including cutaneous photosensitivity, odynophagia, @entity2 formation, and lack of response.

title: Photodynamic therapy in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although it has been suggested that overweight and @entity1 @entity0 have an increased risk of @entity3 , recent studies in post-menopausal @entity0 have shown that the relationship between @entity1 and @entity3 risk varies by @entity3 site. We therefore assessed whether adiposity and overweight/ @entity1 prevalence differed by @entity4 site in @entity0 . METHODS: Height, weight, BMI, triceps and subscapular @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were measured in @entity0 aged 3-18 years with an acute @entity4 . Data was compared across three @entity3 sites (hand, forearm and upper arm/shoulder [UA]), and to published reference data. RESULTS: 401 @entity0 (67.1% male, median age 11.71 years, range 3.54-17.27 years) participated. 34.2%, 50.6% and 15.2% had @entity3 of the hand, forearm and UA, respectively. @entity0 with @entity3 had higher weight, BMI, subscapular @entity2 and fat percentage z-scores than those with UA @entity3 (p<0.05 for all). @entity2 and fat percentage z-scores were also higher in @entity0 with @entity3 compared to hand @entity3 , but @entity0 with hand and UA @entity3 did not differ. Overweight and @entity1 prevalence was higher in @entity0 with @entity3 (37.6%) than those with UA @entity3 (19.0%, p=0.009). This prevalence was also higher than the published United Kingdom population prevalence (27.9%, p=0.003), whereas that of @entity0 with either UA (p=0.13) or hand @entity3 (29.1%, p=0.76) did not differ. These differences in anthropometry and overweight/ @entity1 prevalence by @entity3 site were evident in @entity0 , but not present in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Measurements of adiposity and the prevalence of overweight/ @entity1 differ by @entity3 site in @entity0 , and in particular @entity0 , with @entity4 .

title: Differences in childhood adiposity influence XXXX site.

answer: @entity4