abstract: @entity0 red cell membranes (ghosts) were treated by 5 min of incubation with fasting or hypo- and @entity4 concentrations of @entity1 . This simulation of nondiabetic or diabetic conditions revealed an influence on membrane fluidity and on protein -SH reactivity. Protein -SH groups, measured with Ellman's reagent, generally behave in the same way as membrane fluidity determined with @entity7 . Maximal values were obtained with 5 mM @entity1 , whereas decrease was observed above 10 mM @entity1 . Addition of @entity10 (4 nmol/mg protein) resulted in a significant increase in membrane fluidity and titratable -SH groups at @entity1 concentrations of 10 mM and above. @entity6 diminished titrable-SH groups and did not restore membrane fluidity. @entity9 was only effective in restoration of -SH groups. By contrast to @entity1 , other @entity5 such as @entity1 , @entity8 , or @entity2 revealed no comparable changes on membrane fluidity and titratable membrane -SH groups between concentrations of 5 and 10 mM. The @entity4 effects of @entity1 were corroborated with isolated, reconstituted membrane proteins and erythrocyte @entity1 carrier, indicating that, in general, the observed divergent biochemical/biophysical changes of the red cell membrane are influenced by the @entity1 transport protein @entity3 . The natural R-form and the S-form of @entity10 were compared with racemic R-/S-forms for their efficiencies in alterations of red cell membrane fluidity. Decreased fluidities in presence of 10 mM @entity1 were found to be influenced in differentiated ways: the S-form was highly active in increasing fluidity at 4 nmol/mg and increasingly less active up to 20 nmol/mg protein. By contrast the R-form of @entity10 was moderately efficient in increasing fluidity through a larger concentration range between 4 and 80 nmol/mg protein.

title: Decrease of red cell membrane fluidity and -SH groups due to @entity4 conditions is counteracted by XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity0 red cell membranes (ghosts) were treated by 5 min of incubation with fasting or hypo- and @entity4 concentrations of @entity1 . This simulation of nondiabetic or diabetic conditions revealed an influence on membrane fluidity and on protein -SH reactivity. Protein -SH groups, measured with Ellman's reagent, generally behave in the same way as membrane fluidity determined with @entity7 . Maximal values were obtained with 5 mM @entity1 , whereas decrease was observed above 10 mM @entity1 . Addition of @entity10 (4 nmol/mg protein) resulted in a significant increase in membrane fluidity and titratable -SH groups at @entity1 concentrations of 10 mM and above. @entity6 diminished titrable-SH groups and did not restore membrane fluidity. @entity9 was only effective in restoration of -SH groups. By contrast to @entity1 , other @entity5 such as @entity1 , @entity8 , or @entity2 revealed no comparable changes on membrane fluidity and titratable membrane -SH groups between concentrations of 5 and 10 mM. The @entity4 effects of @entity1 were corroborated with isolated, reconstituted membrane proteins and erythrocyte @entity1 carrier, indicating that, in general, the observed divergent biochemical/biophysical changes of the red cell membrane are influenced by the @entity1 transport protein @entity3 . The natural R-form and the S-form of @entity10 were compared with racemic R-/S-forms for their efficiencies in alterations of red cell membrane fluidity. Decreased fluidities in presence of 10 mM @entity1 were found to be influenced in differentiated ways: the S-form was highly active in increasing fluidity at 4 nmol/mg and increasingly less active up to 20 nmol/mg protein. By contrast the R-form of @entity10 was moderately efficient in increasing fluidity through a larger concentration range between 4 and 80 nmol/mg protein.

title: Decrease of red cell membrane fluidity and -SH groups due to XXXX conditions is counteracted by @entity10 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 is used as an excitatory neurotransmitter by the koniocellular (K), magnocellular (M), and parvocellular (P) pathways to transfer signals from the primate lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) to primary visual cortex (V1). @entity1 acts through both fast ionotropic receptors, which appear to carry the main sensory message, and slower, modulatory metabotropic receptors (mGluRs). In this study, we asked whether @entity4 relates in distinct ways to the K, M, and P LGN axons in V1. To answer this question, we used light microscopic immunocytochemistry and preembedding electron microscopic immunogold labeling to determine the localization of @entity4 within the layers of V1 in relation to the K, M, and P pathways in macaque and squirrel monkeys. These pathways were labeled separately via @entity3 germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) injections targeting the LGN layers. @entity4 is of interest because it: 1) has been shown to be expressed in the thalamic input layers; 2) appears to be responsible for some types of oscillatory firing, which could be important in the binding of visual features; and 3) has been associated with a number of sensory-motor gating-related pathologies, including @entity0 and @entity2 . Our results demonstrated the presence of @entity4 in the neuropil of all V1 layers. This protein was lowest in IVCa (M input) and the infragranular layers. In layer IVC, @entity4 also was found postsynaptic to about 30% of labeled axons, but the distribution was uneven, such that postsynaptic @entity4 label tended to occur opposite smaller (presumed P), and not larger (presumed M) axon terminals. Only in the K pathway in layer IIIB, however, was @entity4 always found in the axon terminals themselves. The presence of @entity4 in K axons and not in M and P axons, and the presence of @entity4 postsynaptic mainly to smaller P and not larger M axons suggest that the response to the release of @entity1 is modulated in distinct ways within and between the parallel visual pathways of primates.

title: Metabotropic XXXX receptor 5 shows different patterns of localization within the parallel visual pathways in macaque and squirrel monkeys.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This article is part of a Special Issue " @entity1 and cognition". @entity2 have been seen to play a role in @entity0 cognitive abilities, but questions remain about the cognitive impact of @entity4 , which is contained in many @entity6 ( @entity5 ). Inconsistencies in past studies likely reflect small samples and heterogeneous groups of OC users. The aims of the present work were to examine OC effects on sex-typed spatial and verbal abilities by (a) comparing @entity3 and expressional fluency in normally-cycling (NC) @entity0 and @entity0 to OC users considered as a heterogeneous group and then to homogeneous groups of OC users created by classifying pills according to their active constituents, and (b) determining the relation between synthetic hormone doses in @entity5 and @entity3 and expressional fluency. @entity0 were 136 @entity0 , 93 NC @entity0 , and 148 OC users, including homogeneous monophasic (n = 55) and triphasic (n = 43) OC groups, aged 18 to 30 years. Significant effects of OC use were seen in homogeneous group comparisons but not when OC users were considered as a heterogeneous group. On @entity3 , @entity0 outperformed @entity0 , and monophasic OC users outperformed NC @entity0 . The latter difference may be attributable to @entity1 , as @entity4 was inversely related to spatial ability among OC users and was lower in monophasic than in triphasic users. On expressional fluency, NC @entity0 and monophasic OC users outperformed @entity0 , and monophasic users outperformed triphasic users. Thus, results show the importance of @entity4 and of considering pill constituents when studying the cognitive effects of @entity5 .

title: Oral contraceptives and cognition: A role for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The large individual variability in response to drugs for smoking cessation suggests that specific treatments can be more effective in particular subgroups of smokers. In the context of personalized medicine, the main aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the @entity2 and @entity3 polymorphisms are associated with response to smoking cessation therapies in @entity0 from a smoker assistance program. METHODS: This cohort study enrolled 483 smoking @entity0 who received behavioral counseling and drug treatment (varenicline, bupropion, and/or nicotine replacement therapy). Smoking cessation success was considered for @entity0 who completed 6 months of continuous abstinence. Fagerstr  m test for nicotine @entity1 ( @entity4 ) and Issa situational smoking scores were analyzed for nicotine @entity1 . The @entity2 ( @entity5 and @entity6 ) and @entity3 ( @entity7 and @entity8 ) polymorphisms were genotyped by high resolution melting analysis. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity5 CC genotype had lower success rate in treatment with varenicline (29.5%) compared with carriers of CT or TT genotypes (50.9%; p = 0.007, n = 167). The CT or TT genotypes were associated with higher odds ratio for success (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.10-2.53, p = 0.02), in a multivariate model. We did not observe significant differences in the @entity4 and Issa scores according to the studied polymorphisms. CONCLUSION: The @entity2 @entity5 is associated with smoking cessation in individuals on varenicline therapy. We suggest that this polymorphism influences the varenicline response, but replications of this finding are needed.

title: @entity2 XXXX is associated with smoking cessation in varenicline therapy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The large individual variability in response to drugs for smoking cessation suggests that specific treatments can be more effective in particular subgroups of smokers. In the context of personalized medicine, the main aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the @entity2 and @entity3 polymorphisms are associated with response to smoking cessation therapies in @entity0 from a smoker assistance program. METHODS: This cohort study enrolled 483 smoking @entity0 who received behavioral counseling and drug treatment (varenicline, bupropion, and/or nicotine replacement therapy). Smoking cessation success was considered for @entity0 who completed 6 months of continuous abstinence. Fagerstr  m test for nicotine @entity1 ( @entity4 ) and Issa situational smoking scores were analyzed for nicotine @entity1 . The @entity2 ( @entity5 and @entity6 ) and @entity3 ( @entity7 and @entity8 ) polymorphisms were genotyped by high resolution melting analysis. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity5 CC genotype had lower success rate in treatment with varenicline (29.5%) compared with carriers of CT or TT genotypes (50.9%; p = 0.007, n = 167). The CT or TT genotypes were associated with higher odds ratio for success (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.10-2.53, p = 0.02), in a multivariate model. We did not observe significant differences in the @entity4 and Issa scores according to the studied polymorphisms. CONCLUSION: The @entity2 @entity5 is associated with smoking cessation in individuals on varenicline therapy. We suggest that this polymorphism influences the varenicline response, but replications of this finding are needed.

title: XXXX @entity5 is associated with smoking cessation in varenicline therapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Reactive @entity1 species are constantly produced in aerobic organisms as by-products of normal @entity1 metabolism and include free radicals such as @entity4 anion ( @entity7 ) and @entity8 radical ( @entity6 ), and non-radical @entity5 ( @entity9 ). The mitochondrial respiratory chain and enzymatic reactions by various enzymes are endogenous sources of reactive @entity1 species. Exogenous reactive @entity1 species -inducing stressors include ionizing radiation, ultraviolet light, and divergent oxidizing chemicals. At low concentrations, reactive @entity1 species serve as an important second messenger in cell signaling; however, at higher concentrations and long-term exposure, reactive @entity1 species can damage cellular macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids, which leads to necrotic and apoptotic cell death. @entity2 is a condition of imbalance between reactive @entity1 species formation and cellular antioxidant capacity due to enhanced ROS generation and/or dysfunction of the antioxidant system. Biochemical alterations in these macromolecular components can lead to various pathological conditions and @entity0 diseases, especially @entity3 . @entity3 are morphologically featured by progressive cell loss in specific vulnerable neuronal cells, often associated with cytoskeletal protein aggregates forming inclusions in neurons and/or glial cells. Deposition of abnormal aggregated proteins and disruption of metal ions homeostasis are highly associated with oxidative stress. The main aim of this review is to present as much detailed information as possible that is available on various @entity3 and their connection with oxidative stress. A variety of therapeutic strategies designed to address these pathological processes are also described. For the future therapeutic direction, one specific pathway that involves the transcription factor @entity10 is receiving considerable attention.

title: @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Reactive @entity1 species are constantly produced in aerobic organisms as by-products of normal @entity1 metabolism and include free radicals such as @entity4 anion ( @entity7 ) and @entity8 radical ( @entity6 ), and non-radical @entity5 ( @entity9 ). The mitochondrial respiratory chain and enzymatic reactions by various enzymes are endogenous sources of reactive @entity1 species. Exogenous reactive @entity1 species -inducing stressors include ionizing radiation, ultraviolet light, and divergent oxidizing chemicals. At low concentrations, reactive @entity1 species serve as an important second messenger in cell signaling; however, at higher concentrations and long-term exposure, reactive @entity1 species can damage cellular macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids, which leads to necrotic and apoptotic cell death. @entity2 is a condition of imbalance between reactive @entity1 species formation and cellular antioxidant capacity due to enhanced ROS generation and/or dysfunction of the antioxidant system. Biochemical alterations in these macromolecular components can lead to various pathological conditions and @entity0 diseases, especially @entity3 . @entity3 are morphologically featured by progressive cell loss in specific vulnerable neuronal cells, often associated with cytoskeletal protein aggregates forming inclusions in neurons and/or glial cells. Deposition of abnormal aggregated proteins and disruption of metal ions homeostasis are highly associated with oxidative stress. The main aim of this review is to present as much detailed information as possible that is available on various @entity3 and their connection with oxidative stress. A variety of therapeutic strategies designed to address these pathological processes are also described. For the future therapeutic direction, one specific pathway that involves the transcription factor @entity10 is receiving considerable attention.

title: XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: This research describes and evaluates a liposuction surgery and multidisciplinary rehabilitation approach for advanced @entity2 of the upper and lower extremities. METHODS: A prospective clinical study was conducted at an @entity1 Assessment Clinic (ALAC) comprised of specialists in plastic surgery, rehabilitation, imaging, oncology, and allied health, at Macquarie University, Australia. Between May 2012 and 31 May 2014, a total of 104 @entity0 attended the ALAC. Eligibility criteria for liposuction included (i) unilateral, non-pitting, International Society of Lymphology stage II/III @entity2 ; (ii) limb volume difference greater than 25  %; and (iii) previously ineffective conservative therapies. Of 55 eligible @entity0 , 21 underwent liposuction (15  arm, 6  leg) and had at least 3  months postsurgical follow-up (85.7  % cancer-related @entity2 ). Liposuction was performed under general anesthesia using a published technique, and compression garments were applied intraoperatively and advised to be worn continuously thereafter. Limb volume differences, bioimpedance spectroscopy (L-Dex), and symptom and functional measurements (using the @entity0 -Specific Functional Scale) were taken presurgery and 4  weeks postsurgery, and then at 3, 6, 9, and 12  months postsurgery. RESULTS: Mean presurgical limb volume difference was 45.1  % (arm 44.2  %; leg 47.3  %). This difference reduced to 3.8  % (arm 3.6  %; leg 4.3  %) by 6  months postsurgery, a mean percentage volume reduction of 89.6  % (arm 90.2  %; leg 88.2  %) [p  <  0.001]. All @entity0 had improved symptoms and function. Bioimpedance spectroscopy showed reduced but ongoing extracellular fluid, consistent with the underlying lymphatic pathology. CONCLUSIONS: Liposuction is a safe and effective option for carefully selected @entity0 with advanced @entity2 . Assessment, treatment, and follow-up by a multidisciplinary team is essential.

title: Liposuction for XXXX : A Multidisciplinary Approach for Complete Reduction of Arm and Leg Swelling.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been suggested that decrease in serum sodium level is associated with @entity1 . However, no study in Korea has reported the association of decrease in serum sodium level with @entity1 . In this study, we investigated the relationship between the decrease in serum sodium level and severity of @entity3 in @entity0 . METHODS: We enrolled 290 subjects who were admitted and operated at Soonchunhyang University Hospital due to major @entity2 . For the control group, we enrolled 1,027 subjects who visited a health promotion center. We carried a 1:1 matching with age and sex from the case group. RESULTS: In a total of 164 age- and sex-matched subjects, serum sodium level was significantly lower in the @entity2 group than in the non- @entity2 group (P=0.001). Serum sodium level was significantly lower in the severe @entity1 group than that in the non-severe @entity1 group (P=0.002). Old age and decrease in serum sodium level were independent risk factors of @entity1 (odds ratio [OR]=1.088, P=0.008, confidence interval [CI]=[1.022-1.157]; OR= 0.840, P=0.037, CI=0.713-0.989). CONCLUSIONS: Serum sodium level was significantly lower in the @entity2 group than that in the non- @entity2 group and in the severe @entity1 group than that in the non-severe @entity1 group. Based on our results, the decrease in serum sodium level could be an independent risk factor for @entity1 .

title: Relationship between Decrease in Serum Sodium Level and Bone Mineral Density in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been suggested that decrease in serum sodium level is associated with @entity1 . However, no study in Korea has reported the association of decrease in serum sodium level with @entity1 . In this study, we investigated the relationship between the decrease in serum sodium level and severity of @entity3 in @entity0 . METHODS: We enrolled 290 subjects who were admitted and operated at Soonchunhyang University Hospital due to major @entity2 . For the control group, we enrolled 1,027 subjects who visited a health promotion center. We carried a 1:1 matching with age and sex from the case group. RESULTS: In a total of 164 age- and sex-matched subjects, serum sodium level was significantly lower in the @entity2 group than in the non- @entity2 group (P=0.001). Serum sodium level was significantly lower in the severe @entity1 group than that in the non-severe @entity1 group (P=0.002). Old age and decrease in serum sodium level were independent risk factors of @entity1 (odds ratio [OR]=1.088, P=0.008, confidence interval [CI]=[1.022-1.157]; OR= 0.840, P=0.037, CI=0.713-0.989). CONCLUSIONS: Serum sodium level was significantly lower in the @entity2 group than that in the non- @entity2 group and in the severe @entity1 group than that in the non-severe @entity1 group. Based on our results, the decrease in serum sodium level could be an independent risk factor for @entity1 .

title: Relationship between Decrease in Serum Sodium Level and Bone Mineral Density in @entity3 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity1 microenvironment consists of both physical and chemical factors. Tissue elasticity is one physical factor contributing to the microenvironment of @entity1 cells. To test the importance of tissue elasticity in cell culture, primitive @entity6 (PNET) stem cells were cultured on soft @entity4 ( @entity5 ) hydrogel plates that mimics the elasticity of brain tissue compared with PNET on standard @entity3 (PS) plates. We report the molecular profiles of PNET grown on either @entity5 or PS. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A whole-genome microarray profile of transcriptional expression between the two culture conditions was performed as a way to probe effects of substrate on cell behavior in culture. The results showed more genes downregulated on @entity5 compared to PS. This led us to propose microRNA (miRNA) silencing as a potential mechanism for downregulation. Bioinformatic analysis predicted a greater number of miRNA binding sites from the 3' UTR of downregulated genes and identified as specific miRNA binding sites that were enriched when cells were grown on @entity5 -this supports the hypothesis that tissue elasticity plays a role in influencing miRNA expression. Thus, Dicer was examined to determine if miRNA processing was affected by tissue elasticity. Dicer genes were downregulated on @entity5 and had multiple predicted miRNA binding sites in its 3' UTR that matched the miRNA binding sites found enriched on @entity5 . Many differentially regulated genes were found to be present on PS but downregulated on @entity5 were mapped onto intron sequences. This suggests expression of alternative polyadenylation sites within intron regions that provide alternative 3' UTRs and alternative miRNA binding sites. This results in tissue specific transcriptional downregulation of mRNA in @entity0 by miRNA. We propose a mechanism, driven by the physical characteristics of the microenvironment by which downregulation of genes occur. We found that tissue elasticity-mediated cytokines ( @entity7 and @entity2 ) signaling affect expression of @entity9 proteins. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that tissue elasticity plays important roles in miRNA expression, which, in turn, regulate @entity1 growth or @entity8 .

title: Tissue Elasticity Regulated Tumor Gene Expression: Implication for Diagnostic Biomarkers of Primitive XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: This study examines the effect of @entity1 on irritability in @entity0 in the post-acute period after traumatic brain injury (TBI). There were 168 @entity0 >= 6 months post-TBI with irritability who were enrolled in a parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial receiving either @entity1 100   mg twice daily or equivalent placebo for 60 days. Subjects were assessed at baseline and days 28 (primary end-point) and 60 of treatment using observer-rated and @entity0 -rated Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-I) Most Problematic item (primary outcome), NPI Most Aberrant item, and NPI-I Distress Scores, as well as physician-rated Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale. Observer ratings between the two groups were not statistically significantly different at day 28 or 60; however, observers rated the majority in both groups as having improved at both intervals. @entity0 ratings for day 60 demonstrated improvements in both groups with greater improvement in the @entity1 group on NPI-I Most Problematic (p<0.04) and NPI-I Distress (p<0.04). These results were not significant with correction for multiple comparisons. CGI demonstrated greater improvement for @entity1 than the placebo group (p<0.04). Adverse event occurrence did not differ between the two groups. While observers in both groups reported large improvements, significant group differences were not found for the primary outcome (observer ratings) at either day 28 or 60. This large placebo or nonspecific effect may have masked detection of a treatment effect. The result of this study of @entity1 100   mg every morning and noon to reduce irritability was not positive from the observer perspective, although there are indications of improvement at day 60 from the perspective of @entity0 with TBI and clinicians that may warrant further investigation.

title: XXXX Effect on Perceptions of Irritability after Traumatic Brain Injury: Results of the @entity1 Irritability Multisite Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study examines the effect of @entity1 on irritability in @entity0 in the post-acute period after traumatic brain injury (TBI). There were 168 @entity0 >= 6 months post-TBI with irritability who were enrolled in a parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial receiving either @entity1 100   mg twice daily or equivalent placebo for 60 days. Subjects were assessed at baseline and days 28 (primary end-point) and 60 of treatment using observer-rated and @entity0 -rated Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-I) Most Problematic item (primary outcome), NPI Most Aberrant item, and NPI-I Distress Scores, as well as physician-rated Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale. Observer ratings between the two groups were not statistically significantly different at day 28 or 60; however, observers rated the majority in both groups as having improved at both intervals. @entity0 ratings for day 60 demonstrated improvements in both groups with greater improvement in the @entity1 group on NPI-I Most Problematic (p<0.04) and NPI-I Distress (p<0.04). These results were not significant with correction for multiple comparisons. CGI demonstrated greater improvement for @entity1 than the placebo group (p<0.04). Adverse event occurrence did not differ between the two groups. While observers in both groups reported large improvements, significant group differences were not found for the primary outcome (observer ratings) at either day 28 or 60. This large placebo or nonspecific effect may have masked detection of a treatment effect. The result of this study of @entity1 100   mg every morning and noon to reduce irritability was not positive from the observer perspective, although there are indications of improvement at day 60 from the perspective of @entity0 with TBI and clinicians that may warrant further investigation.

title: @entity1 Effect on Perceptions of Irritability after Traumatic Brain Injury: Results of the XXXX Irritability Multisite Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 , the most frequent and aggressive of all @entity9 , presents a clear predominance in male @entity0 , but the assessment of sexual differences in its tumourigenesis and growth has received little attention so far. In this study, we aim to identify gender-dependent surrogate markers in an animal model of this @entity2 by means of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and biochemical and behavioural studies. METHODS: A high-grade @entity3 model developed in male and female @entity5 was used. Multiparametric magnetic resonance images and localized spectra were acquired. The MR parameters linked to tumoural features were quantified. Motor and metabolic activity was also assessed. Postmortem analyses were carried out to measure indicators of @entity2 and viability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences dependent on the animal sex were found in the study of pathological indicators like @entity1 , @entity4 , cellularity and microvasculature. Results suggest higher cell proliferative rate, @entity4 and vasogenic @entity1 and or @entity6 in @entity3 -bearing male @entity5 . Haemodynamic parameters measured indicated a major disruption of the BBB, postmortem confirmed, in this sex. Metabolomic and energetic metabolism activity data are in agreement with a major @entity2 and @entity7 of this @entity2 model on males. CONCLUSIONS: Gender differences should be taken into account in preclinical studies of @entity8 models, in the characterization of the tumoural behaviour and consequently in the development and validation of new therapeutic approaches. MR imaging and spectroscopy allow to non-invasively monitor this sexual dimorphism in the diagnosis and prognosis of @entity10 .

title: Multiparametric magnetic resonance in the assessment of the gender differences in a high-grade XXXX @entity5 model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 , the most frequent and aggressive of all @entity9 , presents a clear predominance in male @entity0 , but the assessment of sexual differences in its tumourigenesis and growth has received little attention so far. In this study, we aim to identify gender-dependent surrogate markers in an animal model of this @entity2 by means of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and biochemical and behavioural studies. METHODS: A high-grade @entity3 model developed in male and female @entity5 was used. Multiparametric magnetic resonance images and localized spectra were acquired. The MR parameters linked to tumoural features were quantified. Motor and metabolic activity was also assessed. Postmortem analyses were carried out to measure indicators of @entity2 and viability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). RESULTS: Statistically significant differences dependent on the animal sex were found in the study of pathological indicators like @entity1 , @entity4 , cellularity and microvasculature. Results suggest higher cell proliferative rate, @entity4 and vasogenic @entity1 and or @entity6 in @entity3 -bearing male @entity5 . Haemodynamic parameters measured indicated a major disruption of the BBB, postmortem confirmed, in this sex. Metabolomic and energetic metabolism activity data are in agreement with a major @entity2 and @entity7 of this @entity2 model on males. CONCLUSIONS: Gender differences should be taken into account in preclinical studies of @entity8 models, in the characterization of the tumoural behaviour and consequently in the development and validation of new therapeutic approaches. MR imaging and spectroscopy allow to non-invasively monitor this sexual dimorphism in the diagnosis and prognosis of @entity10 .

title: Multiparametric magnetic resonance in the assessment of the gender differences in a high-grade @entity3 XXXX model.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity9 ( @entity9 ) are generally rare events; several studies have indicated a potential link between AFF and long-term bone-specific therapies (BSTs). The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of AFF and potential associations with prior or ongoing BST. A total of 8851 Caucasian female and male @entity0 with de novo @entity6 treated in the largest Austrian level 1 @entity4 center from 2000 to 2013 were selected. Of the total, 194 @entity0 with a de novo low-traumatic subtrochanteric or shaft @entity7 were identified: 35 atypical and 159 typical @entity7 . Of these @entity0 , concomitant diseases, medication, previous @entity7 , and survival data were retrieved and analyzed. Female @entity0 in both groups were significantly older. The median survival was significantly shorter in @entity0 with AFF (9 vs 18  months; p  <  0.0001). @entity3 , @entity12 , chronic @entity2 , @entity5 2 @entity1 , smoking (past or current history), and prevalent @entity7 were more frequent in AFF @entity0 , as well as the concomitant use of @entity10 , @entity8 , and @entity11 . Although the number of @entity0 with current BST was less in (14.5%) both groups, more @entity0 in the AFF group were previously treated with BST (71% vs 49%; p  =  0.016), and they received these therapies for a longer time period. A combination of severe comorbidities, long-term pharmaceutical therapies, and a history of previous or ongoing BST was associated with an increased individual risk for AFF.

title: Atypical Femoral XXXX and History of Bone-Specific Therapy, Concomitant Diseases, Medications, and Survival.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Two common causes of @entity2 in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) are retinal ischaemia and @entity1 . This study investigated whether thrombophilic factors are more prevalent in @entity0 with ischaemic @entity6 than non-ischaemic @entity6 . Twenty @entity0 with @entity6 (10 ischaemic, 10 non-ischaemic) were prospectively recruited before starting systemic immunosuppression. Twenty-one different haemostatic parameters were tested. Seventeen @entity0 had at least one @entity3 . Three @entity0 had low Protein S, one had low Protein C. Three @entity0 had positive anticardiolipin antibody titres, 1 had poor fibrinolytic activity, 3 had raised @entity4 levels. Ten @entity0 had raised lipoprotein (a) levels. @entity4 levels were higher in the smokers (p = 0.02). Although all @entity5 's factor levels were within the normal range, they were higher in the ischaemic group (p = 0.008), in which smoking was more prevalent. This study has shown a high prevalence of @entity3 in @entity6 @entity0 , and implicates smoking in the aetiology of ischaemic @entity6 .

title: Thrombophilic factors in ischaemic and non-ischaemic XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether and to what extent pre/early-pregnancy blood pressure (BP) in the prehypertensive range contributes to the development of @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: The cohort consisted of @entity0 who had their prenatal care and delivered a live singleton neonate at the Kaiser Permanente Bellflower Medical Center during 2005-2010. @entity0 with prepregnancy @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were excluded from the analysis. Among the remaining @entity0 , pre/early-pregnancy @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was defined as two consecutive elevated BPs (SBP>= 120 or @entity7 ) at separate ambulatory visits in the period from 1 year prior to pregnancy through the first trimester. @entity2 disorders of pregnancy, including @entity4 / @entity6 (PE/E), were identified by ICD-9 diagnoses. Mid-pregnancy 75-g oral @entity3 tolerance tests were used to identify @entity1 . Multivariable logistic and robust Poisson regression was used to test the association between @entity5 and each outcome, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among 7802 @entity0 with at least two BP measures prior to or early in pregnancy, 2156 (27.6%) had @entity5 . Overall, 653 (8.4%) developed a @entity2 of pregnancy, 373 (4.8%) had PE/E, and 1877 (24.1%) developed @entity1 . After covariate adjustment, @entity0 with @entity5 were 2.65 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.22-3.16], 2.17 (95% CI 1.72-2.73), and 1.20 (95% CI 1.09-1.33) times as likely to develop any @entity2 , PE/E, and @entity1 , respectively, compared to normotensive @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Prospective studies aimed at evaluating whether @entity0 with @entity5 detected prior to or early in pregnancy may benefit from more intensive screening and/or interventions to prevent @entity2 in pregnancy and @entity1 are needed.

title: XXXX prior to or during early pregnancy is associated with increased risk for @entity2 in pregnancy and gestational diabetes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether and to what extent pre/early-pregnancy blood pressure (BP) in the prehypertensive range contributes to the development of @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: The cohort consisted of @entity0 who had their prenatal care and delivered a live singleton neonate at the Kaiser Permanente Bellflower Medical Center during 2005-2010. @entity0 with prepregnancy @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were excluded from the analysis. Among the remaining @entity0 , pre/early-pregnancy @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was defined as two consecutive elevated BPs (SBP>= 120 or @entity7 ) at separate ambulatory visits in the period from 1 year prior to pregnancy through the first trimester. @entity2 disorders of pregnancy, including @entity4 / @entity6 (PE/E), were identified by ICD-9 diagnoses. Mid-pregnancy 75-g oral @entity3 tolerance tests were used to identify @entity1 . Multivariable logistic and robust Poisson regression was used to test the association between @entity5 and each outcome, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among 7802 @entity0 with at least two BP measures prior to or early in pregnancy, 2156 (27.6%) had @entity5 . Overall, 653 (8.4%) developed a @entity2 of pregnancy, 373 (4.8%) had PE/E, and 1877 (24.1%) developed @entity1 . After covariate adjustment, @entity0 with @entity5 were 2.65 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.22-3.16], 2.17 (95% CI 1.72-2.73), and 1.20 (95% CI 1.09-1.33) times as likely to develop any @entity2 , PE/E, and @entity1 , respectively, compared to normotensive @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Prospective studies aimed at evaluating whether @entity0 with @entity5 detected prior to or early in pregnancy may benefit from more intensive screening and/or interventions to prevent @entity2 in pregnancy and @entity1 are needed.

title: @entity5 prior to or during early pregnancy is associated with increased risk for XXXX in pregnancy and gestational diabetes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To date, there are no prospective randomized studies that compare the outcome of endoscopic repair of primary versus recurrent @entity2 . It is therefore now attempted to answer that key question on the basis of registry data. @entity0 AND METHODS: In total, 20,624 @entity0 were enrolled between September 1, 2009, and April 31, 2013. Of these @entity0 , 18,142 (88.0%) had a primary and 2482 (12.0%) had a recurrent endoscopic repair. Only @entity0 with male @entity2 and with a 1-year follow-up were included. The dependent variables were intra- and @entity3 , reoperations, recurrence, and @entity5 rates. The results of unadjusted analyses were verified via multivariable analyses. RESULTS: Unadjusted analysis did not reveal any significant differences in the intraoperative complications (1.28 vs 1.33%; p = 0.849); however, there were significant differences in the @entity3 (3.20 vs 4.03%; p = 0.036), the reoperation rate due to complications (0.84 vs 1.33%; p = 0.023), @entity1 at rest (4.08 vs 6.16%; p < 0.001), @entity1 on exertion (8.03 vs 11.44%; p < 0.001), @entity5 requiring treatment (2.31 vs 3.83%; p < 0.001), and the recurrence rates (0.94 vs 1.45%; p = 0.0023). Multivariable analysis confirmed the significant impact of endoscopic repair of recurrent @entity4 on the outcome. CONCLUSION: Comparison of perioperative and 1-year outcome for endoscopic repair of primary versus recurrent male @entity2 showed significant differences to the disadvantage of the recurrent operation. Therefore, endoscopic repair of recurrent @entity2 for particular competence on the part of the @entity4 surgeon.

title: Endoscopic repair of primary versus recurrent male unilateral XXXX : Are there differences in the outcome?

answer: @entity2


abstract: Active, passive and resting state paradigms using functional MRI (fMRI) or EEG may reveal @entity3 in the vegetative (VS) and the @entity1 ( @entity1 ). A meta-analysis was performed to assess the prevalence of preserved @entity3 in VS and @entity1 as revealed by fMRI and EEG, including command following (active paradigms), cortical functional connectivity elicited by external stimuli (passive paradigms) and @entity4 (resting state). Studies were selected from multiple indexing databases until February 2015 and evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. 37 studies were identified, including 1041 @entity0 (mean age 43   years, range 16-89; male/female 2.1:1; 39.5% traumatic @entity2 ). @entity1 @entity0 were more likely than VS @entity0 to follow commands during active paradigms (32% vs 14%; OR 2.85 (95% CI 1.90 to 4.27; p<0.0001)) and to show preserved functional cortical connectivity during passive paradigms (55% vs 26%; OR 3.53 (95% CI 2.49 to 4.99; p<0.0001)). Passive paradigms suggested preserved @entity3 more often than active paradigms (38% vs 24%; @entity5 (95% CI 1.54 to 2.54; p<0.0001)). Data on resting state paradigms were insufficient for statistical evaluation. In conclusion, active paradigms may underestimate the degree of @entity3 as compared to passive paradigms. While @entity1 @entity0 show signs of preserved @entity3 more frequently in both paradigms, roughly 15% of @entity0 with a clinical diagnosis of VS are able to follow commands by modifying their brain activity. However, there remain important limitations at the single-subject level; for example, @entity0 from both categories may show command following despite negative passive paradigms.

title: Preserved XXXX in vegetative and minimal conscious states: systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cervical involvement in @entity7 is rare; however delayed diagnosis and treatment may result in massive, irreversible @entity1 . The purpose of this study is to report on a strategy for clinical diagnosis and management of cervical @entity7 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: Eighteen @entity0 (13 males and 5 females) during 1998-2013 were retrospectively reviewed at Chiang Mai University Hospital. The @entity0 had a mean age of 51.4 years (range 37-68 years). History, examination, radiographs, MRI and tissue sampling were used in diagnosis. Most of the @entity0 were given antituberculous therapy (ATT) and underwent surgical management. The mean follow-up period was 12.8 months. RESULTS: @entity9 , @entity6 , @entity5 and hand clumsiness were the predominant symptoms. Disc narrowing, endplate destruction andparaspinal soft tissue swelling were the prominent radiographic findings. MRI found Gadolinium enhancement of prevertebral soft tissue, T2 hypersignal of the intervertebral discs, intraosseous T2 hypersignal at the vertebral body, and disc fragmentation. Thirteen @entity0 underwent single-stage anterior debridement with fusion. Three @entity0 underwent posterior fusion alone. @entity8 improved in all @entity0 . Nurick's disability index and fusion rate improved in 70% of the @entity0 after conservative and surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: Cervical @entity7 should be suspected in endemic @entity0 with severe neck @entity3 and progressive @entity2 . Histopathology is the gold standard of @entity4 diagnosis. Anti- @entity4 drugs should be continued for at least 12 months. Radical anterior debridement and instrumented fusion has demonstrated favorable results. The posterior approach is an alternative treatment in @entity0 when the anterior approach cannot be performed or as part of second-stage surgery.

title: Cervical XXXX : a preliminary study of clinical diagnosis and management.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Granulocyte and macrophage production after burn @entity2 is significantly reduced and further compromised by endotoxin (ET). Moreover, the macrophage seems to be the major source of this @entity3 . We sought to determine if recombinant @entity0 @entity7 (rhG-CSF), a @entity8 growth factor that is capable of improving survival after experimental burn wound @entity4 , altered postburn macrophage-mediated marrow suppression. Groups of male BDF1 @entity1 (n = 6 to 10) receiving a 15% total body surface area burn +/- infection (B or B + I) with @entity6 were injected with 100 ng rhG-CSF twice daily. On day 3, peritoneal-elicited macrophages (5 x 10(6) cells/mL) from either rhG-CSF-treated or control (5% @entity5 in water) @entity1 were incubated +/- ET (300 ng/mL). The resultant macrophage supernatant was added to cultures of target marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (GM-CFC) at a volume of 1:10. The GM-CFC growth as a percentage of cultures not containing macrophage supernatant were compared and reductions in the number of GM-CFC taken as an index of marrow suppression. Macrophages obtained from B and B + I animals reduced target GM-CFC growth, compared with macrophages from normal animals (B vs. normal animals p < 0.05). In addition, ET-stimulated macrophages induced further @entity3 for all three groups (p < 0.01). Macrophages from @entity7 -treated animals caused significantly less @entity3 , compared with untreated animals for all groups (p < 0.05 to 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Recombinant @entity0 XXXX treatment improves macrophage suppression of granulocyte and macrophage growth after burn and burn wound infection.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Granulocyte and macrophage production after burn @entity2 is significantly reduced and further compromised by endotoxin (ET). Moreover, the macrophage seems to be the major source of this @entity3 . We sought to determine if recombinant @entity0 @entity7 (rhG-CSF), a @entity8 growth factor that is capable of improving survival after experimental burn wound @entity4 , altered postburn macrophage-mediated marrow suppression. Groups of male BDF1 @entity1 (n = 6 to 10) receiving a 15% total body surface area burn +/- infection (B or B + I) with @entity6 were injected with 100 ng rhG-CSF twice daily. On day 3, peritoneal-elicited macrophages (5 x 10(6) cells/mL) from either rhG-CSF-treated or control (5% @entity5 in water) @entity1 were incubated +/- ET (300 ng/mL). The resultant macrophage supernatant was added to cultures of target marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (GM-CFC) at a volume of 1:10. The GM-CFC growth as a percentage of cultures not containing macrophage supernatant were compared and reductions in the number of GM-CFC taken as an index of marrow suppression. Macrophages obtained from B and B + I animals reduced target GM-CFC growth, compared with macrophages from normal animals (B vs. normal animals p < 0.05). In addition, ET-stimulated macrophages induced further @entity3 for all three groups (p < 0.01). Macrophages from @entity7 -treated animals caused significantly less @entity3 , compared with untreated animals for all groups (p < 0.05 to 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Recombinant XXXX @entity7 treatment improves macrophage suppression of granulocyte and macrophage growth after burn and burn wound infection.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 is a rare @entity5 characterized by abundant pools of extracellular mucin and scant malignant epithelium. Because of the rarity of these @entity1 , many of the reported clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics are contradictory. Moreover, the molecular alterations that underlie these @entity1 are unknown. We present the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of 13 cases of @entity7 of the lung. The @entity0 were 9 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 between the ages of 48 and 86 years. Surgical resection and staging were performed in all @entity0 . Seven @entity0 were in stage T1N0M0, 3 in T2N0M0, 2 in T2N1M0, and 1 in T2N0M1. The @entity1 was 100% mucinous in 9 @entity0 , whereas in 4 cases, the lesions consisted of 50% to 90% mucin pools with the remainder being a noncolloid @entity2 component ranging in morphology from bronchioalveolar to acinar, papillary, solid, or mixed patterns. Follow-up ranged from 35 to 128 months. Three @entity0 died, 1 of disease and 2 of unrelated causes. The remaining 10 @entity0 are alive at the time of reporting, 3 with recurrent disease. Immunohistochemical studies showed @entity8 , @entity6 , and @entity9 expression in all @entity1 , whereas @entity11 , surfactant A, and napsin A were not present or were only focally positive in most cases. Analysis showed @entity4 mutations in 2 cases. All @entity1 were negative for @entity10 gene rearrangement and @entity3 mutation. Our study highlights the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of @entity5 and attempts to clarify some misconceptions regarding this rare @entity1 .

title: An update on clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular profiles of XXXX of the lung.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Striae distensae is a challenging cosmetic problem for which various treatment modalities have been applied. To compare between the efficacy and tolerability of intradermal injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) vs. microdermabrasion in the treatment of @entity3 . Sixty-eight @entity0 with @entity3 were randomly assigned to three groups according to therapeutic modalities. @entity0 of group I were treated by intradermal injection of PRP alone, @entity0 of group II were treated with microdermabrasion alone, and @entity0 of group III were treated with combination of intradermal PRP and microdermabrasion in the same session. Each @entity0 underwent maximum of six sessions at 2-week interval. Skin biopsies were taken from some @entity0 at baseline, and 3  months after the last sessions stained with @entity1 and @entity2 stain, Masson trichrome, orceun, and Van Gieson stains to study of histopathological changes and efficacy of treatment. There was significant clinical improvement of @entity3 in @entity0 treated with PRP injection and @entity0 treated with combination of PRP and microdermabrasion when compared with @entity0 treated with microdermabrasion. However, combination of PRP and microdermabrasion in the same session showed better results in short duration. Collagen and elastic fibers were markedly increased in the dermis at the end of treatment sessions. Platelet-rich plasma alone is more effective than microdermabrasion alone in the treatment of @entity3 , but it is better to use the combination of both for more and rapid efficacy. However, each one of them is well tolerated by the @entity0 , safe and cost effective.

title: Comparison between the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma vs. microdermabrasion in the treatment of XXXX : clinical and histopathological study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Hybrid imaging techniques can provide functional and anatomical information about sentinel lymph nodes in @entity0 . Our aim in this study was to evaluate which imaging parameters on hybrid sentinel lymphoscintigraphy predicted metastatic involvement of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: Among 56 @entity1 who underwent conventional sentinel lymphoscintigraphy, 45 @entity1 (age, 53.1        9.5  years) underwent hybrid sentinel lymphoscintigraphy using a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) gamma camera. On hybrid SPECT/CT images, we compared the shape and size (long-to-short axis [L/S] ratio) of the @entity3 , and @entity3 /periareolar injection site (S/P) count ratio between metastatic and non-metastatic SLNs. Metastatic involvement of sentinel lymph nodes was confirmed by pathological biopsy. RESULTS: Pathological biopsy revealed that 21 @entity1 (46.7  %) had metastatic SLNs, while 24 (53.3  %) had non-metastatic SLNs. In the 21 @entity1 with metastatic SLNs, the @entity3 was mostly round (57.1  %) or had an eccentric cortical rim (38.1  %). Of 24 @entity1 with non-metastatic SLNs, 13 @entity1 (54.1  %) had an @entity3 with a C-shape rim or eccentric cortex. L/S ratio was 2.04 for metastatic SLNs and 2.38 for non-metastatic SLNs. Seven (33  %) @entity1 had T1 @entity2 and 14 (66  %) had T2 @entity2 in the metastatic @entity3 group. In contrast, 18 (75  %) @entity1 had T1 @entity2 and six (25  %) had T2 @entity2 in the non-metastatic @entity3 group. S/P count ratio was significantly lower in the metastatic @entity3 group than the non-metastatic @entity3 group for those @entity1 with a T1 @entity2 (p   =   0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Hybrid SPECT/CT offers the physiologic data of SPECT together with the anatomic data of CT in a single image. This hybrid imaging improved the anatomic localization of SLNs in @entity0 @entity1 and predicted the metastatic involvement of SLNs in the subgroup of @entity0 @entity1 with T1 @entity2 .

title: The clinical value of hybrid sentinel lymphoscintigraphy to predict metastatic sentinel lymph nodes in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) imposes a heavy burden on the global population but remains incompletely understood and poorly managed. DATABASES AND DATA TREATMENT: Here, we review current knowledge of peripheral factors involved in the mechanism of @entity3 and make recommendations for the treatment of episodic @entity3 based on these. RESULTS: Peripheral activation or sensitization of @entity5 is most probably involved in the development of @entity2 and the acute episode of @entity3 . Repetitive episodes of @entity2 may sensitize the central nervous system resulting in progression of @entity3 to the chronic form. Thus, muscular factors may be responsible not only for the acute @entity0 episode but also for chronification of the disorder. Simple analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the mainstays of management of individual @entity0 episodes. @entity4 400  mg and @entity1 1000  mg are recommended as drugs of first choice based on treatment effect, safety profile and costs. Non-pharmacological therapies include electromyographic biofeedback, physiotherapy and muscle relaxation therapy. Future studies should aim to identify the triggers of peripheral nociception and how to avoid peripheral and central sensitization. There is a need for more effective, faster acting drugs for acute @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Muscular factors play an important role in episodic @entity3 . @entity4 400  mg and @entity1 1000  mg are recommended as drugs of first choice.

title: Muscles and their role in episodic tension-type XXXX : implications for treatment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 are common after @entity1 , but efficacious and motivating therapies for these impairments are scarce. We present a novel musical sonification therapy especially designed to retrain gross-motor functions. Four @entity1 @entity0 were included in a clinical pre-post feasibility study and were trained with our sonification training. @entity0 ' @entity3 and their psychological states were assessed before and after training. The four @entity0 were subdivided into two groups, with both groups receiving 9 days of musical sonification therapy (music group, MG) or a sham sonification training (control group, CG). The only difference between these training protocols was that, in the CG, no sound was played back. During the training the @entity0 initially explored the acoustic effects of their arm movements, and at the end of the training the @entity0 played simple melodies by moving their arms. The two @entity0 in the MG improved in nearly all motor function tests after the training. They also reported in the @entity1 impact scale, which assesses well-being, memory, thinking, and social participation, to be less impaired by the @entity1 . The two @entity0 in the CG did benefit less from the movement training. Taken together, musical sonification may be a promising therapy for impairments after @entity1 .

title: Moving with music for XXXX rehabilitation: a sonification feasibility study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Various point mutations of @entity4 residues in @entity0 mitochondrial porin (283 residues) were tested for their ability to assemble in vitro into the outer membranes of intact @entity0 mitochondria. Assembly was evaluated by protection from proteinases. The extent of assembly of two of the mutants, @entity5 and @entity6 porins, was much less than for wild-type in either post-translational or co-translational assembly assays. @entity1 to @entity2 mutants at other positions and @entity7 porin assembled as well as wild-type, but @entity8 porin was poorly inserted. When both Lys-234 and Lys-236 were mutated, @entity7 / @entity9 porin was inserted better than @entity8 / @entity10 porin, which was inserted better than @entity5 / @entity6 ; however, none of these mutants assembled as well as wild-type porin. It was concluded that optimal assembly of @entity0 porin depended on the presence of positively charged residues at both positions 234 and 236 and a @entity1 at one of these positions. After undergoing the assembly reaction, mutants that were vulnerable to proteinase K (i.e. @entity5 , @entity8 , and @entity6 porins) seemed to be incompletely digested and were, to varying degrees, resistant to extraction by @entity3 (pH 11.5). These experiments suggested that these mutants were incompletely inserted into the outer membrane. Both Lys-234 and Lys-236 are included in an internal pentapeptide, VKAKV, that is conserved in porins from protists, plants, and animals, and it is possible that, at least, the lysines in this tract are one of the signals for the membrane assembly of these proteins.

title: @entity1 residues at positions 234 and 236 in XXXX porin are involved in its assembly into the mitochondrial outer membrane.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Various point mutations of @entity4 residues in @entity0 mitochondrial porin (283 residues) were tested for their ability to assemble in vitro into the outer membranes of intact @entity0 mitochondria. Assembly was evaluated by protection from proteinases. The extent of assembly of two of the mutants, @entity5 and @entity6 porins, was much less than for wild-type in either post-translational or co-translational assembly assays. @entity1 to @entity2 mutants at other positions and @entity7 porin assembled as well as wild-type, but @entity8 porin was poorly inserted. When both Lys-234 and Lys-236 were mutated, @entity7 / @entity9 porin was inserted better than @entity8 / @entity10 porin, which was inserted better than @entity5 / @entity6 ; however, none of these mutants assembled as well as wild-type porin. It was concluded that optimal assembly of @entity0 porin depended on the presence of positively charged residues at both positions 234 and 236 and a @entity1 at one of these positions. After undergoing the assembly reaction, mutants that were vulnerable to proteinase K (i.e. @entity5 , @entity8 , and @entity6 porins) seemed to be incompletely digested and were, to varying degrees, resistant to extraction by @entity3 (pH 11.5). These experiments suggested that these mutants were incompletely inserted into the outer membrane. Both Lys-234 and Lys-236 are included in an internal pentapeptide, VKAKV, that is conserved in porins from protists, plants, and animals, and it is possible that, at least, the lysines in this tract are one of the signals for the membrane assembly of these proteins.

title: XXXX residues at positions 234 and 236 in @entity0 porin are involved in its assembly into the mitochondrial outer membrane.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Microvesicles are membranous sac structures released from cell surfaces of many eukaryotic cells. Their presence in the blood and urine also signify their potential use as biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of different diseases. At present, synthesis and release of these vesicles from ma @entity2 ells and their role in disease progression requires further research. In this report, correlation of microvesicles along with br @entity0 e @entity1 as been explored. Me @entity1 s a process of a non-randomized set of events, which begins with a loss of ca @entity2 ell adhesion at the primary tu @entity2 ite. Later on, these cells invade the surrounding tissue and enter into circulation. After compromising host immune response, these cells extravasate and localized at the suitable distant site for a secondary growth. Involvement of microvesicles in modulating this process has also been observed. Microvesicles released from primary ca @entity2 ells may carry mRNA, miRNAs, DNA and various proteins. These vesicles may also influence multi drug resistance as observed in br @entity0 ell lines. A thorough understanding of microvesicles synthesis and their potential implication in me @entity1 ould facilitate the design of novel therapeutic approach for br @entity0

title: Influence of Microvesicles in Breast Cancer XXXX and their Therapeutic Implications.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Knowledge of @entity0 incidences is essential for @entity0 prevention and control programs. Capture-recapture methods have been recommended for reducing bias and increasing the accuracy of @entity0 incidence estimations. This study aimed to estimate the completeness of @entity2 registration by the capture-recapture method based on Ardabil population-based @entity0 registry data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All new cases of @entity2 reported by three sources, pathology reports, @entity1 certificates and medical records that reported to Ardabil population-based @entity0 registry in 2006 and 2008 were enrolled in the study. The duplicate cases based on the similarity of first name, surname and fathers names were identified between sources. The estimated number of @entity2 was calculated by the log-linear method using Stata 12 software. RESULTS: A total of 857 new cases of @entity2 were reported from three sources. After removing duplicates, the reported incidence rates for the years 2006 and 2008 were 35.3 and 32.5 per 100,000 population, respectively. The estimated completeness calculated by log-linear method for these years was 36.7 and 36.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that none of the sources of pathology reports, @entity1 certificates and medical records individually or collectively fully cover the incident cases of @entity2 . We can obtain more accurate estimates of incidence rates using the capture-recapture method.

title: Estimating the Completeness of XXXX Registration in Ardabil/Iran by a Capture-Recapture Method using Population-Based Cancer Registry Data.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Three in vitro studies were designed to develop an assay for anticoccidial efficacy by use of laboratory (Houghton) and field (T-376) @entity5 strains. In study (1), minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of monensin (Mon), @entity4 ( @entity6 ), @entity3 ( @entity2 ), and lasalocid (Las) were determined that are able to inhibit more than 50  % of sporozoites in host cell (Madin-Darby @entity1 kidney (MDBK)) penetration and more than 95  % of Houghton sporozoites development to mature merozoites (treatment time 24  h) using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). MICs were 0.5, 2.5, 1, and 0.5   g/ml for Mon, @entity6 , @entity2 , and Las, respectively. Applying the previous MIC on T-376 strain revealed a different sensitivity profile. @entity6 reduced T-376 gene copies by only 89.3  % after 96  h of @entity0 . In study (2), Houghton strain sporozoites were incubated with MIC of the different tested ionophores for 2 and 4  h, respectively; afterwards, their ability to invade MDBK cells was determined using phase-contrast microscopy and qPCR. Treatment of sporozoites with ionophores for 4  h resulted in significant inhibition of invasion compared with non-treated parasites as assessed both by microscopy as well as qPCR. Inhibition rates for Mon, @entity6 , @entity2 , and Las were 90.2, 75.0, 88.3, and 82.6  % using phase-contrast microscopy and 83.9, 81.4, 85.8, and 75.4  % using qPCR, respectively. T-376 sporozoite invasion into MDBK cells was reduced to 48.9  % by @entity6 . Study (3) was conducted to determine inhibition exerted by toltrazuril (Tol). Tol at 5   g/ml reduced reproduction of Houghton strain by 95  %, whereas T-376 was only reduced by 86.5  %. The presented experiments indicate that infectivity inhibition of sporozoites incubated for 4  h with anticoccidials and development inhibition after 96  h of @entity0 by qPCR are suitable means to assess sensitivity of @entity5 strains to anticoccidials.

title: Combination of cell culture and qPCR to assess the efficacy of different anticoccidials on XXXX sporozoites.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Demodex is a type of permanent obligatory parasite, which can be found on the @entity0 body surface. Currently, drugs targeting Demodex usually result in adverse effects and have a poor therapeutic effect. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the use of Chinese crude medicine volatile oils for targeting and inhibiting Demodex in vitro. The volatile oils of six Chinese crude medicines were investigated, including clove, orange fruit, Manchurian wildginger, cinnamon bark, Rhizome Alpiniae Officinarum and pricklyash peel, which were extracted using a distillation method. The exercise status of Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis and the antiparasitic effects of the volatile oils against the two species were observed using microscopy. A skin irritation test was used to examine the irritation intensity of the volatile oils. In addition, an acute @entity1 test was utilized to observe the @entity1 effects of the volatile oils on the skin. @entity2 Fumanling ointment was employed as a positive control to identify the therapeutic effects of the volatile oils. The results indicated that all six volatile oils were able to kill Demodex efficiently. In particular, the clove volatile oil was effective in inducing optimized anti-Demodex activity. The lethal times of the volatile oils were significantly decreased compared with the @entity2 Fumanling ointment (P<0.05). Furthermore, the skin irritation test results indicated that the clove volatile oil did not trigger any irritation (0.2 and 0.3 points for intact and scratched skin, respectively), and had a safety equal to that of distilled water. There were not any adverse effects observed following application of the clove volatile oil on the intact or scratched skin. In conclusion, the volatile oils of Chinese crude medicines, particularly that of clove, demonstrated an evident anti-Demodex activity and were able to kill Demodex effectively and safely in vivo.

title: Volatile oils of Chinese crude medicines exhibit antiparasitic activity against XXXX Demodex with no adverse effects in vivo.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Triolein emulsion infusion into the brain produces transiently increased vascular permeability. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to find the minimum percentage of triolein emulsion required for studying vascular permeability with minimal @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty healthy @entity1 were divided into six groups according to the concentration of emulsified triolein infused into the carotid artery: group 1, 0.125% (n = 10); group 2, 0.25% (n = 10); group 3, 0.5% (n = 10); group 4, 1% (n = 10); group 5, 2% (n = 10); and group 6, saline infusion (control group, n = 10). T2-, T1- and contrast enhanced T1-weighted MR images were obtained 2 hours after infusing triolein emulsion. Contrast enhancement ratios (CERs) and signal intensity ratios (SIRs) versus contralateral hemispheres were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test. P values of  <= 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: The lesion hemispheres showed mild hyperintensity due to @entity0 on T2-weighted images, and contrast enhancement on post-contrast T1-weighted images in @entity1 of group 1-5. CERs showed statistically significant differences between the control group and group 3 (P = 0.006), group 4 (P = 0.003), and group 5 (P < 0.001). However, SIRs were significantly different between the control group and group 5 only (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The minimum concentration of triolein emulsion required to increase vascular permeability adequately with minimal @entity2 in a cat model was 0.5%.

title: The minimum percentage of triolein emulsion for studying cerebral vascular permeability with least XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Genes involved in testicular differentiation, spermatogenesis, proliferation and apoptosis of germ cells have been shown to evolve rapidly and display rapid DNA changes. These genes are therefore good candidates for explaining impairments in spermatogenesis. Initial studies of some of these genes appear to confirm this hypothesis. The @entity7 candidate gene belongs to the RHOX family clustered in Xq24 and is specifically expressed in the testis. It contains four exons and codes for a 288 @entity2 (aa) transcription factor. It has a high degree of homology (>99.9%) with its paralogue @entity8 , which is also preferentially expressed in the testis. OBJECTIVES: To sequence @entity7 and @entity8 in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) @entity0 and identify any single- @entity4 polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with impaired spermatogenesis. MATERIALS: A cohort of 327 @entity0 in ICSI programmes at Poissy and Bichat hospitals. All @entity0 gave their written, informed consent to participation. One hundred @entity0 had unaffected spermatogenesis and 227 displayed impaired spermatogenesis. METHODS: The four exons in each of @entity7 and @entity8 were sequenced in 47 @entity0 with @entity6 or @entity3 . Given that exons 2 and 3 were found to harbour most of the SNPs, only these two exons were sequenced in the remaining 280 subjects. RESULTS: Due to the extremely high degree of sequence identity between @entity7 and @entity8 , we were not able to distinguish between the sequences of these two genes. Although 9 SNPs were identified, there were no significant frequency differences between ICSI @entity0 with normal vs. impaired spermatogenesis. Two insertions were identified: a 21- @entity4 insertion was retrieved in both groups and a @entity1 insertion (inducing a premature stop codon) only found in two @entity0 with impaired spermatogenesis. CONCLUSION/OUTLOOK: @entity7 is a good candidate for rapid evolution by positive selection. Analysis of the polymorphism frequency in exons 2 and 3 did not allow us to correlate the identified SNPs with @entity5 . However, a single @entity4 insertion was identified only in @entity0 with impaired spermatogenesis. Further work will be needed to establish whether genetic changes in @entity7 can give rise to defects in spermatogenesis.

title: XXXX gene, a new candidate gene for spermatogenesis failure.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Shengmaisan (SMS) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription widely used for the treatment of diverse organs in Korea. The interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells that play an important role in the generation of coordinated gastrointestinal (GI) motility. We have aimed to investigate the effects of SMS in the ICCs in the @entity0 small intestine. METHODS: To dissociate the ICCs, we used enzymatic digestions from the small intestine in a @entity0 . After that, the ICCs were identified immunologically by using the anti-c-kit antibody. In the ICCs, the electrophysiological whole-cell patch-clamp configuration was used to record pacemaker potentials in the cultured ICCs. RESULTS: The ICCs generated pacemaker potentials in the @entity0 small intestine. SMS produced membrane depolarization with concentration-dependent manners in the current clamp mode. Pretreatment with a @entity1 free solution and @entity3 , a @entity1 -ATPase inhibitor in the endoplasmic reticulum, stopped the generation of the pacemaker potentials. In the case of @entity1 -free solutions, SMS induced membrane depolarizations. However, when @entity3 in a bath solution was applied, the membrane depolarization was not produced by SMS. The membrane depolarizations produced by SMS were inhibited by @entity4 , an active phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitors. Furthermore, @entity2 and @entity5 , a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors had no effects on SMS-induced membrane depolarizations. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that SMS might affect GI motility by modulating the pacemaker activity through an internal @entity1 - and PLC-dependent and PKC-independent pathway in the ICCs.

title: Shengmaisan regulates pacemaker potentials in interstitial cells of cajal in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Progressive disc tilting and the development or enlargement of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are observed during a myopic shift in @entity0 . This could be related to the changes around the optic nerve head during eyeball elongation. If the biomechanical properties at or around the optic nerve head are changed after exposure to @entity3 (IOP) in @entity2 , different response of the disc tilting and @entity1 changes could take place during eyeball elongation by myopic shift. On the basis of this background, the aim of this study was to compare the morphological changes in the optic disc induced by a myopic shift during childhood between normal control eyes, eyes from disc suspects with an enlarged @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and eyes with @entity2 . METHODS: Total of 82 eyes from 82 subjects younger than 14 years of age were included in the study. Serial disc photographs were classified into one of two groups: eyes with an optic nerve head (ONH) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) change or without an ONH/ @entity1 change. Using ImageJ software, the outlines of the optic disc and @entity1 were plotted, and the vertical disc diameter (VDD), horizontal disc diameter (HDD), and maximum @entity1 width (PPW) were measured. The changes in the ratios of these parameters and the relationships between the degree of myopic shift or the ONH/ @entity1 change were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-five eyes with normal optic disc appearance, 36 eyes with enlarged @entity4 , and 21 eyes of @entity2 @entity0 were analyzed. The @entity3 (IOP) at diagnosis was significantly different among the groups (P<0.001). The degree of myopic shift during follow-up period was not significantly different among the groups (P=0.612). However, the changes in the HDD/VDD and PPW/VDD ratios were significantly greater in the disc suspect group and significantly smaller in the @entity2 group. Among the 42 eyes with an ONH/ @entity1 change, 16 (38.1%) were from the normal control group, 24 (57.1%) were from the disc suspect group, and 2 (4.8%) were from the @entity2 group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The optic disc change during childhood myopic shift was different in eyes with various conditions. Eyes of @entity2 showed less change in the disc morphology during myopic shift compared to eyes with normal disc or enlarged @entity4 .

title: Optic Disc Change during Childhood Myopic Shift: Comparison between Eyes with an Enlarged XXXX and @entity2 Compared to Normal Myopic Eyes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Progressive disc tilting and the development or enlargement of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are observed during a myopic shift in @entity0 . This could be related to the changes around the optic nerve head during eyeball elongation. If the biomechanical properties at or around the optic nerve head are changed after exposure to @entity3 (IOP) in @entity2 , different response of the disc tilting and @entity1 changes could take place during eyeball elongation by myopic shift. On the basis of this background, the aim of this study was to compare the morphological changes in the optic disc induced by a myopic shift during childhood between normal control eyes, eyes from disc suspects with an enlarged @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and eyes with @entity2 . METHODS: Total of 82 eyes from 82 subjects younger than 14 years of age were included in the study. Serial disc photographs were classified into one of two groups: eyes with an optic nerve head (ONH) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) change or without an ONH/ @entity1 change. Using ImageJ software, the outlines of the optic disc and @entity1 were plotted, and the vertical disc diameter (VDD), horizontal disc diameter (HDD), and maximum @entity1 width (PPW) were measured. The changes in the ratios of these parameters and the relationships between the degree of myopic shift or the ONH/ @entity1 change were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-five eyes with normal optic disc appearance, 36 eyes with enlarged @entity4 , and 21 eyes of @entity2 @entity0 were analyzed. The @entity3 (IOP) at diagnosis was significantly different among the groups (P<0.001). The degree of myopic shift during follow-up period was not significantly different among the groups (P=0.612). However, the changes in the HDD/VDD and PPW/VDD ratios were significantly greater in the disc suspect group and significantly smaller in the @entity2 group. Among the 42 eyes with an ONH/ @entity1 change, 16 (38.1%) were from the normal control group, 24 (57.1%) were from the disc suspect group, and 2 (4.8%) were from the @entity2 group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The optic disc change during childhood myopic shift was different in eyes with various conditions. Eyes of @entity2 showed less change in the disc morphology during myopic shift compared to eyes with normal disc or enlarged @entity4 .

title: Optic Disc Change during Childhood Myopic Shift: Comparison between Eyes with an Enlarged @entity4 and XXXX Compared to Normal Myopic Eyes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Many @entity0 deal with @entity2 for which no proper treatment can be given. A possible explanation for their @entity2 is a micro @entity3 . In this non-randomized controlled trial, we clinically evaluated symptoms of @entity2 in @entity0 for whom a nutrient-rich diet was advised. A group of 98 @entity0 (2-18 years old) with unexplained symptoms of @entity2 was examined. The dietary modifications consisted of green vegetables, beef, whole milk and full-fat butter. @entity0 in the intervention group were asked to follow the diet for three months, whereas the control-group followed their normal diet. The primary outcome was symptoms of @entity2 , as determined by a PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, and secondary outcomes were compliance with the diet and BMI. @entity0 , who followed the diet showed a significant decrease in the need to sleep (CI 0.83; 14.86, p = 0.03). They slept better through the night and took fewer naps. When analyzing components of the advised diet separately, a significant larger decrease in @entity1 was seen for eating green vegetables according to the diet guidelines (CI 2.27; 30.63, p = 0.024). Furthermore, a lower need to sleep was seen when whole milk was consumed almost daily (CI 0.02; 14.62, p = 0.049). Our study showed that nutritional advice is an elegant, and effective method for decreasing some symptoms of medically unresolved @entity2 in @entity0 .

title: Could a Change in Diet Revitalize XXXX Who Suffer from Unresolved Fatigue?

answer: @entity0


abstract: M-VAC therapy ( @entity7 , @entity8 , @entity4 , and @entity5 ) has improved the treatment results of @entity1 @entity0 . However, it is sometimes complicated by @entity2 , including @entity3 . We analyzed the relative dose intensity in each @entity0 undergoing M-VAC chemotherapy in relation to the chemotherapeutic effect and survival. In addition, the role of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in the dose intensity of M-VAC therapy was analyzed. Between June 1988 and March 1993, 29 @entity0 with advanced @entity1 were treated with M-VAC therapy in our institution. Of 18 @entity0 with evaluable lesions, 2 (11.1%) showed a @entity9 (38.9%) showed a partial response (PR), and the overall response rate was 50.0%. The median follow-up period for these 18 @entity0 was 14.6 months and the median survival was 8.7 months, with 12 of the 18 @entity0 being alive at the time of analysis. The relative dose intensity (RDI) for these 18 @entity0 was 0.81 for @entity7 , 0.80 for @entity8 , 0.92 for @entity4 , and 0.91 for @entity5 , for a mean RDI of 0.87. There was no correlation between the chemotherapeutic effect and the RDI. When we calculated the RDI for all 29 @entity0 who underwent M-VAC therapy, @entity6 increased the RDI of @entity4 significantly. The results of this retrospective study indicate that a dose intensity for M-VAC therapy in the range of 0.61-1.00 is unlikely to correlate with the chemotherapeutic effect, although @entity6 contributes to increasing the RDI of @entity4 .

title: The effect of dose intensity on M-VAC therapy for advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A normal serum amylase level is found in up to 32% of @entity0 with @entity4 . This underlines the need for more sensitive diagnostic tests in this frequent cause of @entity3 . Animal and @entity0 studies have shown that chronic @entity1 consumption leads to important modifications in trypsinogen metabolism. The present work has prospectively analyzed admission serum trypsin activity with a new biochemical test and usual markers such as amylase, lipase, and immunoreactive trypsin in 32 attacks of acute @entity3 . Seventeen were due to @entity1 and 15 to other causes, including 11 with @entity3 . High trypsin activity (median: 235 units/liter; range: 165-853) was found in all @entity0 with @entity4 even when the amylase level was normal on admission (3/17: 18%). Trypsin activity did not differ between nonalcoholic @entity3 (N = 15): 84 units/liter (42-98), alcoholic controls (N = 15): 77 units/liter (40-122), and healthy controls (N = 62): 81 units/liter (15-143). The difference was not related to the severity of disease or circulating @entity5 , or immunoreactive trypsinogen levels. Lipase/amylase ratio was less discriminant than trypsin activity between alcoholic and nonalcoholic diseases. We conclude that serum trypsin activity seems specific to @entity4 and should be included in new prospective studies assessing biochemical testing of @entity1 -related @entity2 .

title: Trypsin activity. A new marker of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Development of an electrohysterograph (EHG) for recording the electrical activity of the uterus in vivo has been blocked for 60 years by problems with artifacts and extraneous/reactive electrical activity. This study reevaluates a method of cervical recording that does not appear to have these limitations. A set of cervical electrode cups was used to record uterine activity of 33 normal subjects and @entity0 who had @entity4 , @entity1 , or chronic @entity5 . The electrode cups were atraumatic, able to be fitted to all subjects, and showed exceptional positional stability. Unipolar and bipolar recordings from the cervix showed the same infrequent spikes and spike bursts reported from other studies along with continuous, mildly irregular, undulating slow-wave activity, which was present throughout the recordings. The frequencies and amplitudes of these slow waves changed in relation to exogenous @entity3 , diagnosis, intrauterine catheters, and the intensity of the subject's @entity2 . Spikes and spike bursts were common only during menses and at midcycle. The cervical electrode cups proved easy to use and were well accepted by the subjects. The findings indicated that the spikes and slow waves were probably uterine in origin and not artifact or extraneous/reactive activity. There were also direct and indirect indications that the slow waves may represent the ionic propagation of uterine electrophysiologic activity through a network of uterine intercellular ionic channels (gap junctions). The limited but fairly consistent evidence from a number of perspectives indicates that recording spike and slow-wave activity from the cervix is a viable and practical EHG method.

title: A noninvasive method for recording the electrical activity of the XXXX uterus in vivo.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 predicts @entity1 and may be associated with negative emotions in adolescents. This study was conducted to determine if hopelessness, hostility, and @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity7 were associated with compromised endothelial function and whether those associations were mediated by health risk behaviors. METHODS: Endothelial function, assessed through brachial artery reactive @entity6 , was measured in a psychopathology enriched sample of 60 15-18-year-old @entity0 . The correlations between hopelessness, hostility, and @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity7 and the percent change in forearm vascular resistance (PCFVR) were measured. Possible mediation effects of health risk behaviors were tested. RESULTS: Hopelessness was negatively associated with PCFVR, controlling for race and body mass index. @entity7 without any @entity3 was associated with better endothelial function. The other negative emotions were not associated with PCFVR. Risky health behaviors were associated with @entity7 and hopelessness, but not with PCFVR, so there was no evidence of mediation. CONCLUSION: The main finding was that hopelessness in adolescent @entity0 was associated with @entity5 . This may indicate that when present, hopelessness places a @entity0 at risk for later @entity1 , whether she has a @entity2 or not. Possible mechanisms for this finding are examined and the surprising finding that @entity7 is associated with better endothelial function is also discussed. Suggestions for future research are presented.

title: XXXX and negative emotions in adolescent @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 predicts @entity1 and may be associated with negative emotions in adolescents. This study was conducted to determine if hopelessness, hostility, and @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity7 were associated with compromised endothelial function and whether those associations were mediated by health risk behaviors. METHODS: Endothelial function, assessed through brachial artery reactive @entity6 , was measured in a psychopathology enriched sample of 60 15-18-year-old @entity0 . The correlations between hopelessness, hostility, and @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity7 and the percent change in forearm vascular resistance (PCFVR) were measured. Possible mediation effects of health risk behaviors were tested. RESULTS: Hopelessness was negatively associated with PCFVR, controlling for race and body mass index. @entity7 without any @entity3 was associated with better endothelial function. The other negative emotions were not associated with PCFVR. Risky health behaviors were associated with @entity7 and hopelessness, but not with PCFVR, so there was no evidence of mediation. CONCLUSION: The main finding was that hopelessness in adolescent @entity0 was associated with @entity5 . This may indicate that when present, hopelessness places a @entity0 at risk for later @entity1 , whether she has a @entity2 or not. Possible mechanisms for this finding are examined and the surprising finding that @entity7 is associated with better endothelial function is also discussed. Suggestions for future research are presented.

title: @entity5 and negative emotions in adolescent XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) positive @entity0 can often be treated by hormone therapy; however a certain population of @entity2 -positive @entity1 become resistant to hormone therapy after long-term hormone treatment. Ethinylestradiol (EE2) is a derivative of estrogen, which has shown promising effects in these @entity1 . METHODS: We successfully obtained tissue samples from 6 @entity1 undergoing EE2 treatment and examined 13 well-known @entity0 -related factors by immunohistochemistry. Of the 6 @entity1 , 5 responded but one @entity1 did not. RESULTS: Before EE2 treatment, staining for both @entity2 and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was strong in the nucleus, and the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was almost no staining. EE2 treatment significantly down-regulated @entity2 and up-regulated @entity4 while nuclear and cytosolic @entity5 were oppositely down- and up-regulated, respectively. Cytosolic staining of @entity3 was significantly up-regulated by EE2 whereas nuclear staining tended to decrease. Individual comparisons suggested less induction of @entity4 and decreasing AKT but increasing pAKT in the non-responder following EE2 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations revealed that EE2 activated @entity2 downstream genes; however it did not stimulate cell growth. This suggests that hormone resistant cells might receive growth signals from a non-genomic pathway and this may be reflected in their sensitivity to EE2 treatment.

title: Immunohistochemical analysis in ethinylestradiol-treated XXXX after prior long-term estrogen-deprivation therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A reproducible animal model of @entity4 was devised to simulate @entity4 in @entity0 and emulate clinical trials. Preoperatively, @entity1 were fed lean ground beef for two weeks to change their intestinal flora to one similar to that of @entity0 . A 1 cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and continuity re-established by end-to-end @entity2 . The isolated segment was returned to the abdominal cavity. This model was used to compare @entity5 / @entity7 with imipenem and with @entity6 plus @entity3 in treating the resulting infections. Eighty per cent of untreated animals died within three days. Treated animals had significantly reduced mortality and increased cure rates. One treated animal (in the @entity6 - @entity3 group) died. These results support the findings of the efficacy of @entity5 / @entity7 in treating @entity4 in @entity0 clinical trials.

title: Efficacy of @entity5 / @entity7 in the treatment of experimental XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A reproducible animal model of @entity4 was devised to simulate @entity4 in @entity0 and emulate clinical trials. Preoperatively, @entity1 were fed lean ground beef for two weeks to change their intestinal flora to one similar to that of @entity0 . A 1 cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and continuity re-established by end-to-end @entity2 . The isolated segment was returned to the abdominal cavity. This model was used to compare @entity5 / @entity7 with imipenem and with @entity6 plus @entity3 in treating the resulting infections. Eighty per cent of untreated animals died within three days. Treated animals had significantly reduced mortality and increased cure rates. One treated animal (in the @entity6 - @entity3 group) died. These results support the findings of the efficacy of @entity5 / @entity7 in treating @entity4 in @entity0 clinical trials.

title: Efficacy of XXXX / @entity7 in the treatment of experimental @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: A reproducible animal model of @entity4 was devised to simulate @entity4 in @entity0 and emulate clinical trials. Preoperatively, @entity1 were fed lean ground beef for two weeks to change their intestinal flora to one similar to that of @entity0 . A 1 cm segment of ileum was isolated on its vascular pedicle. The intestine was then divided at each end of the segment and continuity re-established by end-to-end @entity2 . The isolated segment was returned to the abdominal cavity. This model was used to compare @entity5 / @entity7 with imipenem and with @entity6 plus @entity3 in treating the resulting infections. Eighty per cent of untreated animals died within three days. Treated animals had significantly reduced mortality and increased cure rates. One treated animal (in the @entity6 - @entity3 group) died. These results support the findings of the efficacy of @entity5 / @entity7 in treating @entity4 in @entity0 clinical trials.

title: Efficacy of @entity5 / XXXX in the treatment of experimental @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: After "curative" resection of @entity2 , late secondary @entity5 almost invariably indicates @entity1 recurrence. The retrosternal reconstruction route is advocated to prevent ingrowth of @entity1 recurrence in the neoesophagus. STUDY DESIGN: To evaluate the quality of palliation after "curative" resection of @entity2 and the possible benefit of the retrosternal reconstruction route, we retrospectively analyzed the records of @entity0 who had resection of a @entity1 , or the gastroesophageal junction, and a prevertebral reconstruction. The extra-anatomic route would have been only beneficial for @entity0 with intrathoracic @entity1 recurrence distant from the @entity3 and causing @entity4 . RESULTS: Between 1983 and 1989, 209 @entity0 (mean age of 61.3 years at the time of operation) had "curative" resection and prevertebral reconstruction in the institution of this study. Seventy-three @entity0 (35 percent) had @entity1 recurrence. Univariate and multivariate analysis of various risk factors for locoregional recurrence showed that the presence of positive lymph nodes ( @entity6 ), especially if located at the celiac trunk ( @entity7 ), and a macroscopically non-radical R2 resection were the most important risk factors. Forty-six @entity0 (22 percent) had secondary @entity5 as a result of @entity1 recurrence, mostly (18 percent) within two years postoperatively. @entity5 lasted on average 5.3 months (range of 0.3 to 21.5 months) before the @entity0 died. In 27 @entity0 (13 percent), @entity5 would probably have been prevented by using a retrosternal reconstruction route. CONCLUSIONS: These data are an argument in favor of the extra-anatomic, retrosternal reconstruction route after limited transthoracic or transhiatal resection in the presence of positive lymph nodes. This method seems especially indicated if the nodes are located at the celiac trunk and in case of a macroscopically nonradical R2 resection.

title: Quality of palliation and possible benefit of extra-anatomic reconstruction in recurrent @entity5 after resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: After "curative" resection of @entity2 , late secondary @entity5 almost invariably indicates @entity1 recurrence. The retrosternal reconstruction route is advocated to prevent ingrowth of @entity1 recurrence in the neoesophagus. STUDY DESIGN: To evaluate the quality of palliation after "curative" resection of @entity2 and the possible benefit of the retrosternal reconstruction route, we retrospectively analyzed the records of @entity0 who had resection of a @entity1 , or the gastroesophageal junction, and a prevertebral reconstruction. The extra-anatomic route would have been only beneficial for @entity0 with intrathoracic @entity1 recurrence distant from the @entity3 and causing @entity4 . RESULTS: Between 1983 and 1989, 209 @entity0 (mean age of 61.3 years at the time of operation) had "curative" resection and prevertebral reconstruction in the institution of this study. Seventy-three @entity0 (35 percent) had @entity1 recurrence. Univariate and multivariate analysis of various risk factors for locoregional recurrence showed that the presence of positive lymph nodes ( @entity6 ), especially if located at the celiac trunk ( @entity7 ), and a macroscopically non-radical R2 resection were the most important risk factors. Forty-six @entity0 (22 percent) had secondary @entity5 as a result of @entity1 recurrence, mostly (18 percent) within two years postoperatively. @entity5 lasted on average 5.3 months (range of 0.3 to 21.5 months) before the @entity0 died. In 27 @entity0 (13 percent), @entity5 would probably have been prevented by using a retrosternal reconstruction route. CONCLUSIONS: These data are an argument in favor of the extra-anatomic, retrosternal reconstruction route after limited transthoracic or transhiatal resection in the presence of positive lymph nodes. This method seems especially indicated if the nodes are located at the celiac trunk and in case of a macroscopically nonradical R2 resection.

title: Quality of palliation and possible benefit of extra-anatomic reconstruction in recurrent XXXX after resection of @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: 1. We analyze @entity3 -sensitive cells of the @entity0 dorsal root ganglion in culture from the viewpoints of cell size, electrical responses, and @entity1 concentration change due to @entity3 and immunocytochemistry of @entity4 . 2. Sixteen percent of cells in the cell group 26-30 microns in diameter fired in response to 10 microM @entity3 . None of other cell groups showed a firing response to @entity3 . 3. We measured a cytosolic @entity1 change due to @entity3 using a @entity1 -sensitive fluorescent dye, @entity2 . The rapid rise (peak time, 20 sec) in the @entity1 concentration was ascribed to @entity1 release from intracellular @entity1 stores. The profound change in the @entity1 concentration was observed again in the cell group 26-30 microns in diameter. Seventeen percent of cells in this group increased the @entity1 concentration by approximately seven times that at resting level. 4. Among cells which increase @entity1 concentration responding to @entity3 , 83% of them contain @entity4 (an immunocytochemical study). 5. We conclude that 16-17% of the cell group 26-30 microns in diameter of the dorsal root ganglia in culture are polymodal nociceptors and respond to @entity3 .

title: @entity3 -responsive cells of dorsal root ganglia in culture: cell size, firing, cytosolic calcium, and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. We analyze @entity3 -sensitive cells of the @entity0 dorsal root ganglion in culture from the viewpoints of cell size, electrical responses, and @entity1 concentration change due to @entity3 and immunocytochemistry of @entity4 . 2. Sixteen percent of cells in the cell group 26-30 microns in diameter fired in response to 10 microM @entity3 . None of other cell groups showed a firing response to @entity3 . 3. We measured a cytosolic @entity1 change due to @entity3 using a @entity1 -sensitive fluorescent dye, @entity2 . The rapid rise (peak time, 20 sec) in the @entity1 concentration was ascribed to @entity1 release from intracellular @entity1 stores. The profound change in the @entity1 concentration was observed again in the cell group 26-30 microns in diameter. Seventeen percent of cells in this group increased the @entity1 concentration by approximately seven times that at resting level. 4. Among cells which increase @entity1 concentration responding to @entity3 , 83% of them contain @entity4 (an immunocytochemical study). 5. We conclude that 16-17% of the cell group 26-30 microns in diameter of the dorsal root ganglia in culture are polymodal nociceptors and respond to @entity3 .

title: XXXX -responsive cells of dorsal root ganglia in culture: cell size, firing, cytosolic calcium, and @entity4 .

answer: @entity3