abstract: This article presents a preliminary analysis of 118 @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity0 with @entity1 . 86% of @entity0 in this series were homosexual, and the @entity8 diagnosis was made on the basis of @entity9 in almost 50% and of @entity11 with or without @entity9 in 38%. @entity13 (e.g., subacute @entity4 , @entity12 , primary @entity2 ) were the most common group of complications, and autopsy findings indicated that 87% of @entity0 eventually developed CNS complications. Subacute @entity4 was found alone or with other pathology in over 2/3 of autopsied brains. Principal neuropathologic changes in @entity8 include the presence of scattered glial nodules, especially in gray matter. To define the clinical features of the glial nodule subacute @entity4 , the clinical features of 18 @entity0 exhibiting these changes at postmortem examination were further analyzed. With the exception of @entity6 , clinical manifestations were nonfocal, correlating with the diffuse distribution of the microscopic pathology. CNS symptoms most commonly followed the diagnosis of @entity8 by 2-9 months, and 11 of these 18 @entity0 died within 6 months of onset of @entity14 . The electroencephalogram (EEG) was abnormal in 100% of @entity0 tested, while computerized tomographic (CT) scans were abnormal in 70%, with @entity3 being the most common finding. The cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) was abnormal in 67%. Early complaints were difficulty in concentration or @entity10 which progressed in some to severe global @entity5 or @entity7 . Neither the etiology nor the pathogenesis of subacute @entity4 have been established, although cytomegalovirus is regarded as a prime etiologic candidate.

title: XXXX complicating @entity8 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This article presents a preliminary analysis of 118 @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity0 with @entity1 . 86% of @entity0 in this series were homosexual, and the @entity8 diagnosis was made on the basis of @entity9 in almost 50% and of @entity11 with or without @entity9 in 38%. @entity13 (e.g., subacute @entity4 , @entity12 , primary @entity2 ) were the most common group of complications, and autopsy findings indicated that 87% of @entity0 eventually developed CNS complications. Subacute @entity4 was found alone or with other pathology in over 2/3 of autopsied brains. Principal neuropathologic changes in @entity8 include the presence of scattered glial nodules, especially in gray matter. To define the clinical features of the glial nodule subacute @entity4 , the clinical features of 18 @entity0 exhibiting these changes at postmortem examination were further analyzed. With the exception of @entity6 , clinical manifestations were nonfocal, correlating with the diffuse distribution of the microscopic pathology. CNS symptoms most commonly followed the diagnosis of @entity8 by 2-9 months, and 11 of these 18 @entity0 died within 6 months of onset of @entity14 . The electroencephalogram (EEG) was abnormal in 100% of @entity0 tested, while computerized tomographic (CT) scans were abnormal in 70%, with @entity3 being the most common finding. The cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) was abnormal in 67%. Early complaints were difficulty in concentration or @entity10 which progressed in some to severe global @entity5 or @entity7 . Neither the etiology nor the pathogenesis of subacute @entity4 have been established, although cytomegalovirus is regarded as a prime etiologic candidate.

title: @entity1 complicating XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Bioptic material of the small intestine is suitable for short-time in-vitro incubation in @entity4 labelled medium followed by autoradiography. Histological and autoradiographic investigations of the small intestine of 45 @entity0 yielded the following characteristic findings: 1. 93 per cent of the healthy controls (n = 14) showed normal mucous membrane (Type I according to Shmerling) and a mean @entity4 labelling index of 13 per cent. 2. Normal histological findings but a mean autoradiographic labelling index of 22 per cent were recorded from 87 per cent of @entity0 with @entity3 's milk or @entity5 incompatibility (n = 12). 3. Mucous membrane of Shmerling Type I and a labelling index of enterocytes of 32 per cent was recorded from 50 per cent of @entity0 with @entity1 (n = 19) after diet periods of seven or three to five months. Other @entity0 with @entity1 but without therapy up to that time showed in 80 per cent the Shmerlings Type III and in 20 per cent Type II accompanied by the highest labelling index of 35 per cent. The increase of proliferative activity of enterocytes in @entity1 shown by autoradiography and histological observations ( @entity2 ) suggested an increased rate of cell death which led to the need for high cell replacement. This autoradiographic method used complementarily to usual histological diagnosis, has proved to help saving an enormous amount of time in the diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: [Small intestine biopsies in @entity0 with malabsorption syndrome. Autoradiographic studies with XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: Bioptic material of the small intestine is suitable for short-time in-vitro incubation in @entity4 labelled medium followed by autoradiography. Histological and autoradiographic investigations of the small intestine of 45 @entity0 yielded the following characteristic findings: 1. 93 per cent of the healthy controls (n = 14) showed normal mucous membrane (Type I according to Shmerling) and a mean @entity4 labelling index of 13 per cent. 2. Normal histological findings but a mean autoradiographic labelling index of 22 per cent were recorded from 87 per cent of @entity0 with @entity3 's milk or @entity5 incompatibility (n = 12). 3. Mucous membrane of Shmerling Type I and a labelling index of enterocytes of 32 per cent was recorded from 50 per cent of @entity0 with @entity1 (n = 19) after diet periods of seven or three to five months. Other @entity0 with @entity1 but without therapy up to that time showed in 80 per cent the Shmerlings Type III and in 20 per cent Type II accompanied by the highest labelling index of 35 per cent. The increase of proliferative activity of enterocytes in @entity1 shown by autoradiography and histological observations ( @entity2 ) suggested an increased rate of cell death which led to the need for high cell replacement. This autoradiographic method used complementarily to usual histological diagnosis, has proved to help saving an enormous amount of time in the diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: [Small intestine biopsies in XXXX with malabsorption syndrome. Autoradiographic studies with @entity4 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The overall incidence of clinically important (moderate to severe) @entity8 ranges from 1% to 10% of IVF cycles, but only a small proportion (0.5% to 2%) of the cases are severe. In extreme but rare cases, secondary complications such as @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity4 may occur. The main risk factors are the presence of @entity7 , high ovarian response to superovulation therapy, the use of hCG to trigger the ovulatory process or for luteal phase support, and the endogenous production of hCG by an early pregnancy. The pathogenesis of @entity8 is unknown, although the predominant biochemical mediator is thought to be the renin-angiotensin system. Ovarian stimulation should always be carefully monitored to identify those @entity0 at risk. In IVF cycles, the hCG injection should be withheld if the risk is judged to be too great. Some @entity0 will benefit from a policy of proceeding to collect oocytes, but electively cryopreserving any resulting embryos, thus allowing the ovarian stimulation cycle not to be wasted. The administration of albumin at the time of oocyte collection will reduce the chance of severe @entity8 occurring. If a decision is made to proceed with oocyte recovery and embryo transfer, it may be advisable to give 5000 IU of hCG, rather than 10,000 IU, as the ovulatory trigger. @entity6 , and not hCG, should be given in the luteal phase. @entity0 developing mild or moderate @entity8 should be kept under outpatient surveillance to detect the minority that may progress to severe @entity8 . Those with severe @entity8 should be hospitalised for fluid and electrolyte management. Paracentesis under ultrasound guidance is recommended where there are tense ascites, but further surgical intervention should rarely be undertaken and only when there is good clinical evidence of @entity1 or @entity2 .

title: Diagnosis, prevention and management of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Plasma membrane fragments from two variants of a @entity1 @entity2 , Eb and ESb, with different metastatic capacity were investigated. Plasma membranes were isolated from @entity0 cells recovered from the peritoneal cavity. They differed in their lipid composition, indicating a more fluid state of the plasma membranes derived from the highly metastatic @entity0 line ESb. Extracellular membrane vesicles could be isolated from the ascites of the @entity0 -bearing @entity1 . The shedding capacity of ESb cells was much higher than that of Eb cells. The extracellular membranes by chemical analysis and the measurement of marker enzymes proved to be derived from the plasma membranes. However, they differed from the plasma membranes from which they were derived in several aspects: the lipid to protein ratio was diminished; the activities of some plasma membrane-associated enzymes were lower while others were identical in plasma membranes and extracellular membranes; the content of @entity3 in phospholipids was enhanced in extracellular membranes. These effects were more pronounced in the highly metastasizing @entity0 line ESb. It is thus concluded that shedding of extracellular membranes is not a random process. The biochemical differences found in the plasma membranes and the extracellular membranes of the two @entity0 lines are discussed with respect to the different metastatic capacity of the @entity0 .

title: Characterization of cellular and extracellular plasma membrane vesicles from a non-metastasizing XXXX (Eb) and its metastasizing variant (ESb).

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity7 -dependent protein kinase in extracts of @entity1 aortic tissue eluted from @entity8 -cellulose ion-exchange resins as two distinct peaks of activity. This elution pattern was preserved when the peaks were combined, precipitated with @entity2 , dialyzed, and rechromatographed. Proteolysis did not appear to account for the two forms of kinase because (i) aging of the extract did not cause interconversion of the two forms, and (ii) both forms retained @entity6 sensitivity unlike the proteolytically formed monomer. In addition, treatment with saturating concentrations of @entity6 (10 microM) did not cause interconversion of the two forms. The first peak of @entity6 -dependent protein kinase eluting from DEAE-cellulose (form 1) had a slightly greater mobility on gradient @entity4 - @entity3 gels than the second peak (form 2). On native, nondenaturing gradient @entity3 gels, however, form 2 displayed the greater electrophoretic mobility. Furthermore, form 1, when bound to @entity0 - @entity5 , appeared to exchange more rapidly with @entity6 than form 2 when subjected to affinity chromatography. Peptide maps generated from the two forms by protease treatment were very similar, although trypsin produced a unique peptide in form 1 and @entity9 protease gave rise to unique peptides in forms 1 and 2. Phosphorylation did not appear to account for the physical differences because both enzymes could be phosphorylated to similar extents and dephosphorylation using alkaline phosphatase did not result in the conversion of one form to the other. These results suggest that either differences in primary structure or post-translational modification, other than phosphorylation, are responsible for the presence of two forms of @entity6 -dependent protein kinase in aortic tissue.

title: Purification and characterization of two forms of XXXX -dependent protein kinase from @entity1 aorta.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity7 -dependent protein kinase in extracts of @entity1 aortic tissue eluted from @entity8 -cellulose ion-exchange resins as two distinct peaks of activity. This elution pattern was preserved when the peaks were combined, precipitated with @entity2 , dialyzed, and rechromatographed. Proteolysis did not appear to account for the two forms of kinase because (i) aging of the extract did not cause interconversion of the two forms, and (ii) both forms retained @entity6 sensitivity unlike the proteolytically formed monomer. In addition, treatment with saturating concentrations of @entity6 (10 microM) did not cause interconversion of the two forms. The first peak of @entity6 -dependent protein kinase eluting from DEAE-cellulose (form 1) had a slightly greater mobility on gradient @entity4 - @entity3 gels than the second peak (form 2). On native, nondenaturing gradient @entity3 gels, however, form 2 displayed the greater electrophoretic mobility. Furthermore, form 1, when bound to @entity0 - @entity5 , appeared to exchange more rapidly with @entity6 than form 2 when subjected to affinity chromatography. Peptide maps generated from the two forms by protease treatment were very similar, although trypsin produced a unique peptide in form 1 and @entity9 protease gave rise to unique peptides in forms 1 and 2. Phosphorylation did not appear to account for the physical differences because both enzymes could be phosphorylated to similar extents and dephosphorylation using alkaline phosphatase did not result in the conversion of one form to the other. These results suggest that either differences in primary structure or post-translational modification, other than phosphorylation, are responsible for the presence of two forms of @entity6 -dependent protein kinase in aortic tissue.

title: Purification and characterization of two forms of @entity7 -dependent protein kinase from XXXX aorta.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Decision-making in @entity0 with @entity1 poses a diagnostic challenge worldwide, despite much advancement in abdominal surgery. The Modified Alvarado Scoring System (MASS) has been reported to be a cheap and quick diagnostic tool in @entity0 with @entity1 . However, differences in diagnostic accuracy have been observed if the scores were applied to various populations and clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of Modified Alvarado Scoring System in @entity0 with @entity1 in our setting. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving all @entity0 suspected to have @entity1 at Bugando Medical Centre over a six-month period between November 2008 and April 2009 was conducted. All @entity0 who met the inclusion criteria were consecutively enrolled in the study. They were evaluated on admission using the MASS to determine whether they had @entity1 or not. All @entity0 underwent appendicectomy according to the hospital protocol. The decision to operate was the prerogative of the surgeon or surgical resident based on overall clinical judgment and not the MASS. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. Data was collected using a pre-tested coded questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS statistical computer software. RESULTS: A total number of 127 @entity0 were studied. Their ages ranged from eight to 76 years (mean 29.64    12.97). There were 37 (29.1%) males and 90 (70.9%) females (M: F = 1:2.4). All @entity0 in this study underwent appendicectomy. The perforation rate was 9.4%. Histopathological examination confirmed @entity2 in 85 @entity0 (66.9%) and the remaining 42 @entity0 had normal appendix giving a negative appendicectomy rate of 33.1% (26.8% for males and 38.3% for females). The sensitivity and specificity of MASS in this study were 94.1% (males 95.8% and females 88.3%) and 90.4% (males 92.9% and females 89.7%) respectively. The Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value were 95.2% (males 95.5% and females 90.6%) and 88.4% (males 89.3% and females 80.1%) respectively. The accuracy of MASS was 92.9% (males 91.5% and females 87.6%). CONCLUSION: The study shows that use of MASS in @entity0 suspected to have @entity1 provides a high degree of diagnostic accuracy and can be employed at Bugando Medical Centre to improve the diagnostic accuracy of @entity1 and subsequently reduces negative appendicectomy and complication rates. However, additional investigations may be required to confirm the diagnosis in case of atypical presentation.

title: Modified Alvarado Scoring System as a diagnostic tool for XXXX at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. @entity5 phosphorylase has been isolated and partially purified from crude preparations of @entity0 liver nuclei. 2. The enzyme is particulate and associated with RNA and lipids characteristic of membranes. 3. It has phosphorolysis and exchange activities, but the latter may be due to a contaminating enzyme. 4. The phosphorolysis activity is dependent on bivalent cations, preferably @entity1 , has a pH optimum between 8.6 and 9.2 and is inhibited by @entity3 and @entity2 . 5. The enzyme catalyses phosphorolysis of poly A, poly C, poly U, rRNA and tRNA. Poly G is only phosphorolysed to a very small extent and DNA is not a substrate. 6. The enzyme appears to lack @entity4 polymerization activity.

title: Partial purification and properties of XXXX liver polynucleotide phosphorylase.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To investigate the relationship between expression of fragile @entity10 triad gene protein, @entity11 , and clinicopathological characteristics of @entity0 @entity1 . METHODS: @entity11 protein expression was detected in 92 cases of @entity3 -fixed, @entity6 -embedded @entity0 @entity1 by @entity9 -microwave-SP immunohistochemical method, of which 52 were @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and 40 @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Its relationship to histological grade, @entity8 and histological classification were analysed. RESULTS: The loss of @entity11 protein expression were found in 62.0% (57/92) and 4.3% (4/92) of @entity2 tissue and normal lung tissue, respectively and there was a significant difference in the expression of @entity11 protein between @entity2 and normal tissue (P=0.000). 53.8% (28/52) of the cases of @entity7 showed a marked loss or absence of @entity11 expression, 46.2% (24/52) of cases were negative, 7.7% (4/52) showed a higher expression and 38.5% (20/52) equal to the level of @entity11 expression compared with the matched normal tissues. The loss of @entity11 expression was closely related to histological grade (P=0.003), to @entity8 (P=0.029), and to histological classification of the cases (P=0.003). There was a significant difference between grade I+II (38.2%; 13/34) and @entity2 (83.3%; 15/18), between @entity2 with @entity8 (70.8%; 17/24) and those without (39.3%; 11/28), and between @entity5 ( 68.6%; 24/35) and @entity4 (23.5%; 4/17). The loss of @entity11 protein expression was found in 33 of 40 cases of @entity2 (82.5%) and the remainder 7 cases (17.5%) showed the same quantity of expression of @entity11 , compared with the normal bronchial mucosa. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of @entity11 protein may be associated with the decreasing differentiation, @entity8 and histological classification in @entity7 , and be corresponding to the occurrence and evolution of @entity2 . These results suggest that the decreased @entity11 expression plays an important role in the development and progression of the @entity2 , and thus may become a new prognostic marker in @entity0 @entity1 .

title: [Clinicopathological analysis of loss of fragile @entity10 triad expression in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: To investigate the relationship between expression of fragile @entity10 triad gene protein, @entity11 , and clinicopathological characteristics of @entity0 @entity1 . METHODS: @entity11 protein expression was detected in 92 cases of @entity3 -fixed, @entity6 -embedded @entity0 @entity1 by @entity9 -microwave-SP immunohistochemical method, of which 52 were @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and 40 @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Its relationship to histological grade, @entity8 and histological classification were analysed. RESULTS: The loss of @entity11 protein expression were found in 62.0% (57/92) and 4.3% (4/92) of @entity2 tissue and normal lung tissue, respectively and there was a significant difference in the expression of @entity11 protein between @entity2 and normal tissue (P=0.000). 53.8% (28/52) of the cases of @entity7 showed a marked loss or absence of @entity11 expression, 46.2% (24/52) of cases were negative, 7.7% (4/52) showed a higher expression and 38.5% (20/52) equal to the level of @entity11 expression compared with the matched normal tissues. The loss of @entity11 expression was closely related to histological grade (P=0.003), to @entity8 (P=0.029), and to histological classification of the cases (P=0.003). There was a significant difference between grade I+II (38.2%; 13/34) and @entity2 (83.3%; 15/18), between @entity2 with @entity8 (70.8%; 17/24) and those without (39.3%; 11/28), and between @entity5 ( 68.6%; 24/35) and @entity4 (23.5%; 4/17). The loss of @entity11 protein expression was found in 33 of 40 cases of @entity2 (82.5%) and the remainder 7 cases (17.5%) showed the same quantity of expression of @entity11 , compared with the normal bronchial mucosa. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of @entity11 protein may be associated with the decreasing differentiation, @entity8 and histological classification in @entity7 , and be corresponding to the occurrence and evolution of @entity2 . These results suggest that the decreased @entity11 expression plays an important role in the development and progression of the @entity2 , and thus may become a new prognostic marker in @entity0 @entity1 .

title: [Clinicopathological analysis of loss of fragile XXXX triad expression in @entity1 ].

answer: @entity10


abstract: The interaction of normal @entity0 B cell precursors with the bone marrow (BM) stromal cells that support their growth and maturation is mediated by adhesion of B cell @entity8 / @entity5 (alpha 4 beta 1 integrin or VLA-4) to stromal cell signal transduction, we generated @entity8 -deficient variants of the RAMOS early b @entity4 cell line. RAMOS was chosen due to its lack of expression of @entity9 (alpha 5 integrin) and @entity3 , which could potentially interact with stromal cells or their extracellular matrix. In contrast to the parental RAMOS cell line, @entity8 -deficient RAMOS cell lines did not adhere to primary @entity0 BM stromal cells. @entity2 phosphorylation of several stromal cell proteins was stimulated within 5 to 10 min of contact with either @entity8 -expressing or @entity8 -deficient RAMOS. These proteins included a 110-kDa substrate tentatively identified as @entity6 . In contrast, mAb cross-linking of stromal cell @entity7 had no significant effect on protein @entity2 phosphorylation. @entity1 production by stromal cells was enhanced up to fourfold over 3 days when stromal cells were cultured in contact with RAMOS cells, regardless of @entity8 expression. Stromal cell @entity1 production was not significantly enhanced by RAMOS cells cultured above the stromal cells in Transwell inserts. Thus, we have demonstrated through the use of paired @entity8 -expressing and @entity8 -deficient RAMOS cell lines that protein @entity2 kinase activity and @entity1 production by primary @entity0 BM stromal cells can be enhanced in a manner that is dependent on B cell contact but independent of @entity8 -mediated adhesion. These results indicate the potential for B cells to interact with cells in their microenvironment and activate feedback mechanisms mediated by stromal cells, which may regulate lymphopoiesis.

title: Stimulation of @entity0 bone marrow stromal cell XXXX kinases and @entity1 production by contact with B lymphocytes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The interaction of normal @entity0 B cell precursors with the bone marrow (BM) stromal cells that support their growth and maturation is mediated by adhesion of B cell @entity8 / @entity5 (alpha 4 beta 1 integrin or VLA-4) to stromal cell signal transduction, we generated @entity8 -deficient variants of the RAMOS early b @entity4 cell line. RAMOS was chosen due to its lack of expression of @entity9 (alpha 5 integrin) and @entity3 , which could potentially interact with stromal cells or their extracellular matrix. In contrast to the parental RAMOS cell line, @entity8 -deficient RAMOS cell lines did not adhere to primary @entity0 BM stromal cells. @entity2 phosphorylation of several stromal cell proteins was stimulated within 5 to 10 min of contact with either @entity8 -expressing or @entity8 -deficient RAMOS. These proteins included a 110-kDa substrate tentatively identified as @entity6 . In contrast, mAb cross-linking of stromal cell @entity7 had no significant effect on protein @entity2 phosphorylation. @entity1 production by stromal cells was enhanced up to fourfold over 3 days when stromal cells were cultured in contact with RAMOS cells, regardless of @entity8 expression. Stromal cell @entity1 production was not significantly enhanced by RAMOS cells cultured above the stromal cells in Transwell inserts. Thus, we have demonstrated through the use of paired @entity8 -expressing and @entity8 -deficient RAMOS cell lines that protein @entity2 kinase activity and @entity1 production by primary @entity0 BM stromal cells can be enhanced in a manner that is dependent on B cell contact but independent of @entity8 -mediated adhesion. These results indicate the potential for B cells to interact with cells in their microenvironment and activate feedback mechanisms mediated by stromal cells, which may regulate lymphopoiesis.

title: Stimulation of @entity0 bone marrow stromal cell @entity2 kinases and XXXX production by contact with B lymphocytes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The interaction of normal @entity0 B cell precursors with the bone marrow (BM) stromal cells that support their growth and maturation is mediated by adhesion of B cell @entity8 / @entity5 (alpha 4 beta 1 integrin or VLA-4) to stromal cell signal transduction, we generated @entity8 -deficient variants of the RAMOS early b @entity4 cell line. RAMOS was chosen due to its lack of expression of @entity9 (alpha 5 integrin) and @entity3 , which could potentially interact with stromal cells or their extracellular matrix. In contrast to the parental RAMOS cell line, @entity8 -deficient RAMOS cell lines did not adhere to primary @entity0 BM stromal cells. @entity2 phosphorylation of several stromal cell proteins was stimulated within 5 to 10 min of contact with either @entity8 -expressing or @entity8 -deficient RAMOS. These proteins included a 110-kDa substrate tentatively identified as @entity6 . In contrast, mAb cross-linking of stromal cell @entity7 had no significant effect on protein @entity2 phosphorylation. @entity1 production by stromal cells was enhanced up to fourfold over 3 days when stromal cells were cultured in contact with RAMOS cells, regardless of @entity8 expression. Stromal cell @entity1 production was not significantly enhanced by RAMOS cells cultured above the stromal cells in Transwell inserts. Thus, we have demonstrated through the use of paired @entity8 -expressing and @entity8 -deficient RAMOS cell lines that protein @entity2 kinase activity and @entity1 production by primary @entity0 BM stromal cells can be enhanced in a manner that is dependent on B cell contact but independent of @entity8 -mediated adhesion. These results indicate the potential for B cells to interact with cells in their microenvironment and activate feedback mechanisms mediated by stromal cells, which may regulate lymphopoiesis.

title: Stimulation of XXXX bone marrow stromal cell @entity2 kinases and @entity1 production by contact with B lymphocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical-radiological features of @entity3 due to degenerative spondylolisthesis (DSL). METHODS: A total of 448 @entity0 were operated for @entity3 at Nishitaga National Hospital between 2000 and 2003. Of these @entity0 , DSL at the symptomatic disc level was observed in 22 (4.9%) @entity0 . Clinical features were investigated by medical records, and radiological features were investigated by radiographs. RESULTS: Disc levels of DSL were C3/4 in 6 cases and C4/5 in 16 cases. Distance of anterior slippage was 2 to 5 mm (average 2.9 mm) in flexion position. Space available for the spinal cord (SAC) was 11 to 15 mm (average 12.8 mm) in flexion position and 11 to 18 mm (average 14.6 mm) in extension position; 11 cases were reducible and 11 cases were irreducible in extension position. Myelograms demonstrated compression of spinal cord by the ligamentum flavum in extension position. @entity2 was not demonstrated in flexion position. C5-7 @entity1 angle was lower than control. C5-7 range of motion (ROM) was reduced compared to controls. These alterations were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: DSL occurs in the mid-cervical spine. Lower cervical spine demonstrated restricted ROM and lower @entity1 angle. Pathogenesis of @entity3 due to DSL is compression of spinal cord by the ligamentum flavum in extension position and not by reduced SAC in flexion position.

title: XXXX due to degenerative spondylolisthesis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 persists in 30 - 50% of @entity0 after a successful kidney transplant and it is the most frequent cause of @entity3 after transplant, contributing to graft loss and mortality. Several medical therapies have been studied for the treatment of this condition without clear benefit. Recently, interest has grown in the use of cinacalcet in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS: We describe the efficacy of cinacalcet in 18 kidney transplant @entity0 with persistent @entity4 and progressive @entity3 treated for a period of 12-months. We analyzed serum @entity1 , @entity5 and parathyroid hormone levels every 6 months, and cinacalcet was titrated if necessary. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA. RESULTS: With therapy, all @entity0 exhibited significant reduction in parathyroid hormone levels, from a mean value of 242.04    105.82 pg/ml to a mean value of 145.62    54.99 pg/ml (p < 0.001) 12 months later. In addition, serum @entity1 levels normalized during the study period, from 11.16 mg/d to 9.95 mg/dl (mean values) (p < 0.001). No significant change in serum @entity2 was found in this group of @entity0 . Cinacalcet was well tolerated, with no side effects documented. CONCLUSION: This preliminary experience suggests that cinacalcet may be useful in the treatment of persistent @entity4 after kidney transplant. In addition, cinacalcet controlled @entity3 , which has well known adverse effects after transplant. This was accomplished with no evidence of declining kidney function or limiting side effects.

title: Cinacalcet in the treatment of persistent XXXX after kidney transplantation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies have reported an association between a low or lowered blood total @entity5 (TC) level and subsequent nonatherosclerotic disease incidence or @entity6 . The question of whether low TC is a true risk factor or alternatively a consequence of occult disease at the time of TC measurement remains unsettled. To shed new light onto this problem, we analyzed TC change over a 6- year period (from exam 1 in 1965 through 1968 to exam 3 in 1971 through 1974) in relation to subsequent 16-year mortality in a cohort of Japanese American @entity0 . METHODS AND RESULTS: The study was based on 5941 @entity0 45 to 68 years of age without prior history of @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , or @entity8 at exam 1 who also participated in exam 3 of the Honolulu Heart Program. The association of TC change with mortality end points was investigated with two different approaches (continuous and categorical TC change) with standard survival analysis techniques. Falling TC level was accompanied by a subsequent increased risk of @entity6 caused by some @entity1 (hemopoietic, esophageal, and prostate), noncardiovascular noncancer causes (particularly @entity8 ), and all causes. The risk-factor-adjusted rate of all-cause mortality was 30% higher (relative risk, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.59) among @entity0 with a decline from middle (180 to 239 mg/dL) to low (< 180 mg/dL) TC than in @entity0 remaining at a stable middle level. By contrast, there was no significant increase in all-cause mortality risk among cohort @entity0 with stable low TC levels. Nonillness mortality ( @entity6 caused by @entity4 and suicide) was not related to either TC change or the average of TC levels in exams 1 and 3. CONCLUSIONS: These results add strength to the reverse-causality proposition that @entity3 cause TC to decrease.

title: Low serum XXXX and mortality. Which is the cause and which is the effect?

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity3 in treating @entity0 ( @entity0 ) has been controversial. Several small clinical trials indicate that @entity3 may have a role in treating @entity0 early, whereas the other results suggest that @entity3 is of questionable benefit. METHODS AND RESULTS: We looked at the effect of @entity3 on @entity1 size (IS) when given during a @entity2 and after reperfusion. @entity4 ( @entity6 bolus plus 2 mEq/h for 5 hours) was given at 15 or 45 minutes of @entity2 or 15 minutes of reperfusion. The left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 90 minutes, followed by 300 minutes of reperfusion. IS to area at risk (IS/AR) was measured by planimetry after @entity5 staining. Collateral myocardial blood flow was measured with radioactive microspheres. The IS/AR ratio in the control group was 52.3 +/- 19.6% compared with 20.5 +/- 11.7% and 21.3 +/- 6.5% at 15 and 45 minutes of occlusion, respectively (P < .05). There were no significant differences in the reduction in IS at 15 and 45 minutes of occlusion. Although there was a reduction in the IS when @entity3 was administered during reperfusion (38.2 +/- 13.4%), it was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the AR relative to the total left ventricular weight between the four groups. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that @entity3 infusion during a @entity2 has a significant benefit in reducing the IS in this model. @entity3 may have a beneficial clinical role in @entity0 , especially if administered before reperfusion as a bolus followed by a constant infusion.

title: XXXX reduces @entity0 size when administered before but not after coronary reperfusion in a canine model.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity3 in treating @entity0 ( @entity0 ) has been controversial. Several small clinical trials indicate that @entity3 may have a role in treating @entity0 early, whereas the other results suggest that @entity3 is of questionable benefit. METHODS AND RESULTS: We looked at the effect of @entity3 on @entity1 size (IS) when given during a @entity2 and after reperfusion. @entity4 ( @entity6 bolus plus 2 mEq/h for 5 hours) was given at 15 or 45 minutes of @entity2 or 15 minutes of reperfusion. The left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 90 minutes, followed by 300 minutes of reperfusion. IS to area at risk (IS/AR) was measured by planimetry after @entity5 staining. Collateral myocardial blood flow was measured with radioactive microspheres. The IS/AR ratio in the control group was 52.3 +/- 19.6% compared with 20.5 +/- 11.7% and 21.3 +/- 6.5% at 15 and 45 minutes of occlusion, respectively (P < .05). There were no significant differences in the reduction in IS at 15 and 45 minutes of occlusion. Although there was a reduction in the IS when @entity3 was administered during reperfusion (38.2 +/- 13.4%), it was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the AR relative to the total left ventricular weight between the four groups. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that @entity3 infusion during a @entity2 has a significant benefit in reducing the IS in this model. @entity3 may have a beneficial clinical role in @entity0 , especially if administered before reperfusion as a bolus followed by a constant infusion.

title: @entity4 reduces XXXX size when administered before but not after coronary reperfusion in a canine model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The pharmacohistochemical technique of Butcher (1978) and @entity2 acetyltransferase ( @entity3 ) immunocytochemistry were used to demonstrate the presence, morphology, and differential distribution of 2 classes of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-positive, @entity3 -negative neurons in the @entity0 olfactory bulb. One population of these neurons is located preferentially in a stratum just deep to the mitral cell layer (mcl). These AChE-positive intramitral neurons are significantly larger than the predominant inframitral neuronal type, the granule cell. Inframitral AChE-positive neurons appear to send processes deeper into the granule cell layer and superficially into the external plexiform layer (epl), above the mcl. Neurophysiological experiments reported in a companion article are consistent with the existence of a population of cholinoceptive neurons with the location and characteristics of these large inframitral interneurons. A second class of AChE-positive, @entity3 -negative neurons is found exclusively in the glomerular layer. These neurons are located primarily in the periglomerular region and the superficial third of the epl; they are somewhat larger than typical periglomerular cells. Juxtaglomerular AChE neurons are smaller than inframitral AChE neurons. Since there are no neurons in the olfactory bulb that produce @entity3 , the synthetic enzyme for @entity1 , the AChE-positive cells reported here are hypothesized to be cholinoceptive neurons for the cholinergic projection from the basal forebrain to the olfactory bulb. Anatomical, physiological, and receptor-ligand binding data are consistent with this interpretation.

title: Two anatomically specific classes of candidate cholinoceptive neurons in the XXXX olfactory bulb.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The bidirectional Glenn (BDG) is frequently used in the staged surgical management of single ventricle @entity0 . Controversy exists whether @entity2 ( @entity2 ) sources should be left at the time of the BDG to augment systemic saturation or should be eliminated to reduce volume load of the ventricle. The present study was a retrospective review to assess the influence of @entity2 on outcome after the BDG. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ninety-two @entity0 have undergone BDG at our institute during the interval from 1986 through 1994. At the time of BDG, 40 @entity0 had either a systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt or patent right ventricular outflow tract as an additional source of pulmonary blood flow. Fifty-two @entity0 had elimination of @entity2 . There were three operative @entity1 (two with and one without @entity2 ) and four procedures (two in each group) that failed and required subsequent revision. Thus, there were 85 @entity0 who underwent successful operation. Effusions (defined as chest tube drainage exceeding 7 days' duration) occurred in 8 of 85 @entity0 ; this complication was seen in 7 of 36 @entity0 (19%) with @entity2 and 1 of 49 @entity0 (2%) without @entity2 (P < .05). There were 11 @entity1 , including 6 @entity0 (17%) with @entity2 , 2 @entity0 (4%) without @entity2 , and 3 of the @entity0 (75%) who had a failed BDG. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that morbidity and mortality are lower in @entity0 in whom @entity2 is eliminated at the time of the BDG.

title: Bidirectional Glenn. Is XXXX good or bad?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent advances in surgical techniques for the repair of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) include the use of an endoventricular patch to exclude the @entity3 . This technique has replaced conventional linear plication of the @entity3 . The endoventricular patch technique remodels the left ventricular cavity to a more physiological geometry that improves function. METHODS AND RESULTS: From December 1989 through November 1993, 45 @entity0 underwent an LVA repair with an endoventricular patch. This procedure was performed in association with coronary artery bypass grafting in 40 @entity0 . Twenty-eight @entity0 (62.2%) also had nonguided encircling subendocardial incisions. Operative procedures included 7 emergency operations, 3 concomitant valve procedures, and a mean of 2.2 bypass grafts per @entity0 . Eight @entity0 had previous cardiac operations. Hospital mortality was 15.6% (7/45) for all @entity0 and 9.1% (3/33) for nonemergent revascularization and LVA repairs. Ejection fraction improved from a mean of 25.8% preoperatively to 37.8% postoperatively; the mean New York Heart Association classification improved from 3.5 to 1.5. Of @entity0 known to have preoperative @entity4 (inducible or @entity5 ), 69% were not inducible postoperatively without antiarrhythmic medication. Survival from late @entity2 (including death of unknown origin) was 86.5% at 2 years. Freedom from documented @entity4 was 94.3% at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the patch endoaneurysmorrhaphy technique can provide an excellent functional and physiological outcome in @entity0 with @entity6 and severely @entity1 .

title: Endoventricular remodeling of XXXX . Functional, clinical, and electrophysiological results.

answer: @entity6


abstract: A retrospective study of 50 @entity0 undergoing reoperation for @entity2 was performed to evaluate the ability of commonly available clinical and laboratory tests to predict the findings at reoperation and the outcome after operation. The influence of @entity3 on these parameters was also studied. No laboratory finding helped to predict operative findings. Computed tomographic scanning (80% accurate) was the most helpful radiographic procedure. A low total lymphocyte count and a high serum @entity4 level both predicted a fatal outcome. No single organ failure or combination predicted a positive reexploration. Infection was found in 75 per cent of @entity0 with @entity3 and 79 per cent of @entity0 who did not have this syndrome. @entity0 having three-organ failure did have a significantly higher mortality. The mortality of a negative reexploration was 18.2 per cent, slightly lower than the 28.2 per cent mortality of @entity0 with a positive exploration. No @entity0 without organ failure died. The authors conclude that laboratory tests are not helpful in predicting the presence of @entity1 on reexploration, that the decision to reoperate is one based primarily on clinical judgment, and that if reoperation is performed before the development of organ failure, the risk associated with a negative exploration is worth taking.

title: Reoperation for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity18 associated with adult acquired @entity17 is thought to result from hypophosphataemia and relative @entity19 deficiency. We have followed the clinical and diagnostic features of @entity0 with @entity18 associated with @entity17 , with particular emphasis on their responses to treatment with @entity6 , @entity12 and @entity8 . DESIGN: Retrospective Mayo Clinic case-note review from 1975 to 1994 and prospective follow-up study, combined with literature review. @entity0 : Eleven @entity0 (7 male, 4 female) were identified who satisfied criteria for diagnosis of @entity18 and @entity17 . Twenty-five additional @entity0 were identified in a literature review from 1954 to the present. METHODS: Clinical history and physical examination, serum and urine bone and mineral parameter, X-ray radiography and iliac crest bone histomorphometry. RESULTS: All @entity0 presented with typical symptoms of @entity18 , including lower extremity or @entity14 , and all had @entity3 , pseudofractures, and/or @entity2 on X-ray radiography. @entity18 and @entity17 were diagnosed concurrently in 10 @entity0 , whereas @entity18 preceded diagnosis of @entity17 by 5 years in one @entity0 . Pre-treatment bone biopsies in 9 of the 11 @entity0 demonstrated increased osteoid surface, volume and width. In the one @entity0 labelled with @entity11 prior to biopsy, mineralization lag time was prolonged at 111 days (normal 19.2 +/- 1.0 days). Hypophosphataemia, inappropriately low @entity19 levels, @entity4 , and @entity7 due to @entity15 leak and uraemia, contributed to the @entity18 in these @entity0 . @entity16 was present in two @entity0 . Eight of the 11 @entity0 with @entity18 associated with @entity17 had @entity1 , including multiple @entity13 or @entity10 , many of them manifest by light-chain @entity9 . Over a mean @entity0 follow-up period of 46 months (range 1-239 months), @entity0 responded symptomatically to @entity6 , @entity12 , and @entity8 replacement typically within 1-6 months. In 8 @entity0 in whom follow-up data were available, post-treatment serum @entity12 and @entity19 levels improved in the setting of stable mild @entity4 ; only one @entity0 developed @entity5 after 20 years, suggesting that these @entity0 do not invariably progress rapidly to @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the underlying cause, @entity18 associated with adult acquired @entity17 appears to respond well to @entity6 , @entity12 , and @entity8 replacement. These @entity0 do not appear to necessarily require @entity19 replacement.

title: @entity18 associated with XXXX : clinical and diagnostic features.

answer: @entity17


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity18 associated with adult acquired @entity17 is thought to result from hypophosphataemia and relative @entity19 deficiency. We have followed the clinical and diagnostic features of @entity0 with @entity18 associated with @entity17 , with particular emphasis on their responses to treatment with @entity6 , @entity12 and @entity8 . DESIGN: Retrospective Mayo Clinic case-note review from 1975 to 1994 and prospective follow-up study, combined with literature review. @entity0 : Eleven @entity0 (7 male, 4 female) were identified who satisfied criteria for diagnosis of @entity18 and @entity17 . Twenty-five additional @entity0 were identified in a literature review from 1954 to the present. METHODS: Clinical history and physical examination, serum and urine bone and mineral parameter, X-ray radiography and iliac crest bone histomorphometry. RESULTS: All @entity0 presented with typical symptoms of @entity18 , including lower extremity or @entity14 , and all had @entity3 , pseudofractures, and/or @entity2 on X-ray radiography. @entity18 and @entity17 were diagnosed concurrently in 10 @entity0 , whereas @entity18 preceded diagnosis of @entity17 by 5 years in one @entity0 . Pre-treatment bone biopsies in 9 of the 11 @entity0 demonstrated increased osteoid surface, volume and width. In the one @entity0 labelled with @entity11 prior to biopsy, mineralization lag time was prolonged at 111 days (normal 19.2 +/- 1.0 days). Hypophosphataemia, inappropriately low @entity19 levels, @entity4 , and @entity7 due to @entity15 leak and uraemia, contributed to the @entity18 in these @entity0 . @entity16 was present in two @entity0 . Eight of the 11 @entity0 with @entity18 associated with @entity17 had @entity1 , including multiple @entity13 or @entity10 , many of them manifest by light-chain @entity9 . Over a mean @entity0 follow-up period of 46 months (range 1-239 months), @entity0 responded symptomatically to @entity6 , @entity12 , and @entity8 replacement typically within 1-6 months. In 8 @entity0 in whom follow-up data were available, post-treatment serum @entity12 and @entity19 levels improved in the setting of stable mild @entity4 ; only one @entity0 developed @entity5 after 20 years, suggesting that these @entity0 do not invariably progress rapidly to @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the underlying cause, @entity18 associated with adult acquired @entity17 appears to respond well to @entity6 , @entity12 , and @entity8 replacement. These @entity0 do not appear to necessarily require @entity19 replacement.

title: XXXX associated with @entity17 : clinical and diagnostic features.

answer: @entity18


abstract: A brief description is presented of the long-term follow-up of four commonly encountered @entity8 undergoing early surgical correction. Sequelae are not increased and probably even less frequent when compared to @entity0 undergoing surgery after two years of age. It is still too early, however, to establish whether or not certain manifestations, such as rhythm or conduction disturbances and @entity1 will develop at a later date. The prognosis of @entity5 depends to a great extent on other associated lesions which can become serious over time and require additional surgical procedures. In the past, early surgery for large @entity7 was poorly tolerated, but now the prognosis is particularly favorable. Persistent @entity3 such as stenoses of the pulmonary outflow tract can worsen the prognosis in @entity2 . In addition, it is especially important to recognize subsequent @entity4 due to their potentially serious nature. The most common procedures for transposition of the great arteries consist of @entity6 which may later cause rhythm disturbances or venous stenoses. The long-term functional capacity of the right ventricle as a pump for the systemic circulation is not known. A general outline of follow-up care is presented.

title: [Outcome of @entity0 operated on for XXXX before 2 years of age. Foreseeable sequelae at adulthood].

answer: @entity8


abstract: A brief description is presented of the long-term follow-up of four commonly encountered @entity8 undergoing early surgical correction. Sequelae are not increased and probably even less frequent when compared to @entity0 undergoing surgery after two years of age. It is still too early, however, to establish whether or not certain manifestations, such as rhythm or conduction disturbances and @entity1 will develop at a later date. The prognosis of @entity5 depends to a great extent on other associated lesions which can become serious over time and require additional surgical procedures. In the past, early surgery for large @entity7 was poorly tolerated, but now the prognosis is particularly favorable. Persistent @entity3 such as stenoses of the pulmonary outflow tract can worsen the prognosis in @entity2 . In addition, it is especially important to recognize subsequent @entity4 due to their potentially serious nature. The most common procedures for transposition of the great arteries consist of @entity6 which may later cause rhythm disturbances or venous stenoses. The long-term functional capacity of the right ventricle as a pump for the systemic circulation is not known. A general outline of follow-up care is presented.

title: [Outcome of XXXX operated on for @entity8 before 2 years of age. Foreseeable sequelae at adulthood].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The post-operative review of 81 @entity0 operated for a large interventricular communication before the age of two years reveals excellent results: the mean age at operation was 7 months, extracorporeal circulation was performed in 25 @entity0 for a mean duration of 77 minutes and profound @entity4 to 18 degrees C was induced in 56 @entity0 . The atrial approach was used in 30% of cases. The mean follow-up period is 26 months. There was one case of @entity5 , which was subsequently fitted with a pacemaker, 7 cases of @entity5 and a @entity2 in the majority of cases. The pulmonary vascular resistance was virtually normal (a mean of 3.2 U.m-2 prior to the operation and a mean of 1.9 U.m-2 after the operation). The left ventricular volume, which was markedly increased in all @entity0 preoperatively, returned to normal with maintenance of a normal ejection fraction. The neuro-psychomotor behaviour was abnormal in 13 of the 63 @entity0 tested. These abnormalities are not related to the correction procedure, but to pre-existing pathology (small birth weight). 52 @entity0 from a series of 63 cases operated for @entity1 before the age of 2 years (median age 12 months) were also reviewed. Extracorporeal circulation lasting a mean of 115 minutes was performed in 31 @entity0 , @entity3 under profound @entity4 was induced in the other cases, for a mean duration of 61 minutes. The mean follow-up period was 29 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Results of the intracardiac repair of XXXX and interventricular communication before the age of 2 years].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of @entity3 ( @entity4 ), clinical status and laboratory test results in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . METHODS: 22 @entity0 (4 M/18F, mean age: 50 +/- 12 years, mean duration of @entity2 : 8.5 +/- 6.5 years, mean duration on @entity4 : 8 +/- 10 months) were included in a prospective study. The mean dose of @entity4 administered was 6 +/- 0.7 mg/m2 of body area/week. No @entity0 received any nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). Blood and urine samples were collected over 24 hours (9 blood samples). The @entity4 concentrations were assayed by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Clinical parameters (Ritchie articular index, morning @entity5 , @entity1 count, joint swelling count), hematological, liver and renal function tests, and ESR were recorded. Correlations between the @entity0 ' PK parameters, laboratory tests and clinical status were carried out using Pearson's correlation coefficient test. RESULTS: A significant correlation was observed between the Ritchie articular index, morning @entity5 and the area under the curve (p = 0.009 and p = 0.026, respectively). No correlation was found with the other parameters. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that when the @entity0 's disease activity is higher, the AUC becomes more important, reflecting a greater body exposure to @entity4 .

title: Correlation between XXXX pharmacokinetic parameters, and clinical and biological status in @entity2 @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of @entity3 ( @entity4 ), clinical status and laboratory test results in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . METHODS: 22 @entity0 (4 M/18F, mean age: 50 +/- 12 years, mean duration of @entity2 : 8.5 +/- 6.5 years, mean duration on @entity4 : 8 +/- 10 months) were included in a prospective study. The mean dose of @entity4 administered was 6 +/- 0.7 mg/m2 of body area/week. No @entity0 received any nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). Blood and urine samples were collected over 24 hours (9 blood samples). The @entity4 concentrations were assayed by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Clinical parameters (Ritchie articular index, morning @entity5 , @entity1 count, joint swelling count), hematological, liver and renal function tests, and ESR were recorded. Correlations between the @entity0 ' PK parameters, laboratory tests and clinical status were carried out using Pearson's correlation coefficient test. RESULTS: A significant correlation was observed between the Ritchie articular index, morning @entity5 and the area under the curve (p = 0.009 and p = 0.026, respectively). No correlation was found with the other parameters. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that when the @entity0 's disease activity is higher, the AUC becomes more important, reflecting a greater body exposure to @entity4 .

title: Correlation between @entity3 pharmacokinetic parameters, and clinical and biological status in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the correlation between the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of @entity3 ( @entity4 ), clinical status and laboratory test results in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . METHODS: 22 @entity0 (4 M/18F, mean age: 50 +/- 12 years, mean duration of @entity2 : 8.5 +/- 6.5 years, mean duration on @entity4 : 8 +/- 10 months) were included in a prospective study. The mean dose of @entity4 administered was 6 +/- 0.7 mg/m2 of body area/week. No @entity0 received any nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). Blood and urine samples were collected over 24 hours (9 blood samples). The @entity4 concentrations were assayed by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Clinical parameters (Ritchie articular index, morning @entity5 , @entity1 count, joint swelling count), hematological, liver and renal function tests, and ESR were recorded. Correlations between the @entity0 ' PK parameters, laboratory tests and clinical status were carried out using Pearson's correlation coefficient test. RESULTS: A significant correlation was observed between the Ritchie articular index, morning @entity5 and the area under the curve (p = 0.009 and p = 0.026, respectively). No correlation was found with the other parameters. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that when the @entity0 's disease activity is higher, the AUC becomes more important, reflecting a greater body exposure to @entity4 .

title: Correlation between @entity3 pharmacokinetic parameters, and clinical and biological status in @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Proteolytic activity is important for @entity2 growth and @entity1 . Plasminogen and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) constitute one of the most extensively studied proteolytic systems believed to participate in these processes. @entity5 cleaves plasminogen to plasmin, which in turn degrades surrounding extracellular matrix and allows @entity2 cells to migrate to other areas. The specific receptor for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has also been implicated as an essential modulator in this pathway. Eleven paired samples of @entity3 and normal mucosal tissues from the same @entity0 were removed at surgery. The tissues were homogenized and the supernatants assayed for @entity5 immunoreactivity, @entity5 antigen concentration, @entity5 binding activity and @entity5 activity. Immunoblot analysis showed that a major @entity5 species of approximately 55 kDa was present in all tissues. In addition, a protein band of approximately 41 kDa, which crossreacted with anti- @entity5 antibodies, was also found in the @entity2 . This protein band was either absent, or present in relatively small amounts in the normal colorectal tissues. Cross-linking experiments showed that the approximately 55 kDa band only, and not the approximately 41 kDa band, was able to bind either single chain @entity5 (scu-PA) or the @entity4 terminal fragment of urokinase (ATF). The @entity2 samples also exhibited highly elevated @entity5 activity and @entity5 antigen relative to the corresponding normal tissues. Elevated @entity5 activity appeared to correlate with elevated @entity5 antigen in @entity3 , but not in the normal tissues. These increases were also associated with increase of the @entity5 -related, low-molecular-weight protein in the @entity2 samples. The measurement of @entity5 and the @entity5 -related protein, in addition to @entity5 activity, could have diagnostic or prognostic value in this type of @entity2 .

title: Increase of a urokinase receptor-related low-molecular-weight molecule in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been successful in the treatment of newborns less than 1 week of age and greater than 2000 gm birthweight with @entity1 resistant to current medical and surgical management. While VA ECMO supports the heart as well as the lungs, it has the disadvantage of requiring carotid artery ligation and the possibility of perfusing air bubbles or particles into the arterial tree. We have treated 11 newborns with @entity1 with venovenous (VV) ECMO returning the oxygenated blood to a cannula in the distal iliac vein. We compared these @entity0 with 16 @entity0 treated during the same period of time with VA ECMO. Three of the 11 VV @entity0 required conversion to VA ECMO because of inadequate oxygenation and unstable hemodynamic situations. Ten of the 11 VV @entity0 survived. Eleven of the 16 VA @entity0 survived. The better survival in these @entity0 treated with VV ECMO is attributed to their more favorable initial condition compared to @entity0 treated with VA ECMO. The disadvantages of VV ECMO include a longer operative time to place the cannulas, groin wound problems, and persistent leg swelling along with the necessity to convert some @entity0 to VA ECMO. Although this experience demonstrates that newborns with severe @entity1 can be supported with VV ECMO, the complications and lack of practical advantages over VA lead us to recommend VA ECMO for routine clinical use at present.

title: Venovenous perfusion in ECMO for newborn XXXX . A clinical comparison with venoarterial perfusion.

answer: @entity1


abstract: HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 47-year-old @entity0 without previously known illness was admitted to hospital because of acute haematomas in the legs: the history revealed no cause. The pale-looking @entity0 reported having large and foul-smelling stools once or twice daily. There were large haematomas and @entity1 on both legs. His general and nutritional state was reduced. "Bleeding of unknown origin" was suspected at this time. INVESTIGATIONS: @entity9 concentration was 5.6 g/dl, while @entity3 was normal and ferritin reduced. Quick value was below 5%, activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged to 180 s. @entity5 and E concentrations were reduced; @entity6 derivatives were not demonstrated in blood. Abdominal ultrasonography showed clearly thickened intestinal walls. TREATMENT AND COURSE: Four units of erythrocyte concentrate were immediately administered, together with 2000 IU factors II, VII, X and anti-haemophilic factor B (PPSB), and 10 mg @entity8 intravenously. As @entity7 was suspected, a @entity5 absorption test was performed: it indicated malabsorption. Upper intestinal endoscopy showed @entity2 , as did a biopsy. The @entity0 's state quickly improved after he had been given vitamins A, D, E and K and put on a gluten-free diet. CONCLUSION: @entity2 can take a clinically unremarkable course for a long time and may finally become manifest through an isolated abnormality, such as @entity4 .

title: [Endemic sprue: its first diagnosis based on XXXX complications].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Recently, tissue adhesive material has been used to improve the initial control of @entity3 from huge esophagogastric varices, and to prevent them from rebleeding, in contrast to the conventional sclerotherapy. The present study assessed the value of the combined use of the tissue adhesive substance: @entity7 and @entity8 oleate 5% for management of @entity3 esophagogastric varices. @entity0 AND METHODS: One hundred and fourteen @entity0 with documented active variceal @entity3 at the time of endoscopy were alternatively randomized into two groups. The combined therapy group included 58 @entity0 who underwent injection using both cyanoacrylate for large esophageal and @entity6 and a sclerosant agent for remaining varices. The @entity4 , or control, group included 56 @entity0 , who underwent injection with @entity8 oleate. RESULTS: This study proved the value of the combined therapy for the initial control of all bleeders (the follow-up period ranged from 12 to 32 months). In the @entity4 group, failure of the initial control of @entity3 was reported in two cases (3.6%). Recurrent @entity3 occurred in 8.6% in the combined therapy group compared to 25% in the @entity4 group (p < 0.01). Two months of therapy was required to achieve complete eradication of varices in 56.5% and 21.4% in the combined therapy and the @entity4 group, respectively. The mean number of sessions needed until the time of evaluation was 2.4 +/- 1.1 in the combined therapy group versus 5.1 +/- 2.3 sessions in the @entity4 group. The difference showed high statistical significance (p < 0.01). @entity2 occurred less frequently in the combined therapy group. Only one @entity0 in the combined therapy group developed @entity1 after extension of the tissue adhesive material from the site of injection into the portal vein. This @entity0 died of @entity5 . The mortality in the combined therapy group was lower than that in the @entity4 group (3.5% and 8.8% respectively, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combined use of tissue adhesive and sclerosant materials seems to be the best plan for rapid eradication of esophagogastric varices within a short time, requiring the lowest number of injection sessions and involving minor complications and low mortality.

title: The value of combined use of XXXX and ethanolamine oleate in the management of @entity3 esophagogastric varices.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Recently, tissue adhesive material has been used to improve the initial control of @entity3 from huge esophagogastric varices, and to prevent them from rebleeding, in contrast to the conventional sclerotherapy. The present study assessed the value of the combined use of the tissue adhesive substance: @entity7 and @entity8 oleate 5% for management of @entity3 esophagogastric varices. @entity0 AND METHODS: One hundred and fourteen @entity0 with documented active variceal @entity3 at the time of endoscopy were alternatively randomized into two groups. The combined therapy group included 58 @entity0 who underwent injection using both cyanoacrylate for large esophageal and @entity6 and a sclerosant agent for remaining varices. The @entity4 , or control, group included 56 @entity0 , who underwent injection with @entity8 oleate. RESULTS: This study proved the value of the combined therapy for the initial control of all bleeders (the follow-up period ranged from 12 to 32 months). In the @entity4 group, failure of the initial control of @entity3 was reported in two cases (3.6%). Recurrent @entity3 occurred in 8.6% in the combined therapy group compared to 25% in the @entity4 group (p < 0.01). Two months of therapy was required to achieve complete eradication of varices in 56.5% and 21.4% in the combined therapy and the @entity4 group, respectively. The mean number of sessions needed until the time of evaluation was 2.4 +/- 1.1 in the combined therapy group versus 5.1 +/- 2.3 sessions in the @entity4 group. The difference showed high statistical significance (p < 0.01). @entity2 occurred less frequently in the combined therapy group. Only one @entity0 in the combined therapy group developed @entity1 after extension of the tissue adhesive material from the site of injection into the portal vein. This @entity0 died of @entity5 . The mortality in the combined therapy group was lower than that in the @entity4 group (3.5% and 8.8% respectively, p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combined use of tissue adhesive and sclerosant materials seems to be the best plan for rapid eradication of esophagogastric varices within a short time, requiring the lowest number of injection sessions and involving minor complications and low mortality.

title: The value of combined use of @entity7 and ethanolamine oleate in the management of XXXX esophagogastric varices.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Information regarding outcome in @entity0 with psychogenic @entity3 (PNES) is limited. We attempted to contact 72 consecutive @entity0 with PNES confirmed by video-EEG monitoring: 51 of 72 (71%) were reached a mean of 15 months (range 12-27 months) after diagnosis and agreed to answer a structured telephone questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed the number of PNES in the last 6 months, antiepileptic drug (AED) use, occupational status, global self-rating, and extent of psychotherapeutic treatments. PNES had ceased in 18 of 51 (35%), decreased > 80% in 21 of 51 (41%), and decreased < 80% in 12 of 51 (24%). Thirty-three of 51 (65%) were not taking AEDs. Occupational status improved in 20% and did not change in 75%. Overall, 29 of 51 (57%) rated themselves markedly improved and 15 of 51 (29%) rated themselves unchanged or worse. Persisting PNES were associated with longer duration of PNES before diagnosis (p < 0.02) and presence of additional @entity1 (p < 0.01). Persisting PNES were not associated with gender, presence of @entity2 , or extent of psychotherapeutic treatments after diagnosis. Placebo saline infusion had been administered in some @entity0 to help precipitate PNES. This did not affect the number of psychotherapy visits or outcome. We conclude that PNES cease or significantly decrease in most @entity0 , but occupational status does not improve as often. Earlier diagnosis may improve outcome.

title: Outcome after diagnosis of psychogenic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: 1. The effects of @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity5 on neuromuscular transmission in the @entity0 diaphragm and the influence of adrenergic blocking agents on these actions were investigated.2. The resting membrane potential of the muscle fibre was increased by @entity3 (5 x 10(-6)-10(-5) g/ml.) and @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) up to 3-4 mV, but @entity2 (5 x 10(-6)-10(-5) g/ml.) had little effect.3. The amplitude and the half-decay time of the end-plate potential (e.p.p.) were increased by @entity2 (1 x 10(-6) g/ml.), @entity3 (1 x 10(-7)-10(-5) g/ml.) and @entity5 (1-5 x 10(-6) g/ml.). The potentiation of the amplitude of the e.p.p. was greater with @entity2 than with @entity3 and @entity5 .4. @entity2 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) increased the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials (m.e.p.p.), but not their amplitude. However, @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) increased the amplitude of m.e.p.p.s without change in frequency. @entity3 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) increased both frequency and amplitude of m.e.p.p.s.5. @entity3 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) and @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) increased the input resistance of the muscle membrane. The effect was blocked by the beta-blocker, @entity7 (2 x 10(-6) g/ml.), but not by the alpha-blocker, @entity6 (2 x 10(-6) g/ml.). @entity2 did not change the input resistance of the muscle fibre.6. @entity2 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) and @entity3 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) augmented the extracellularly recorded end-plate current (e.p.c.), but they had no effect on the half duration, nor on the action current (a.c.) of the nerve terminal, nor on the synaptic delay. @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) had no effect on any of these parameters. The actions of @entity2 and @entity3 on e.p.c. were abolished by @entity6 (2 x 10(-6) g/ml.), but not by @entity7 (2 x 10(-6) g/ml.).7. @entity3 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) and @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) enhanced the amplitude of the @entity1 potential elicited by iontophoretic application of @entity1 . No such effect was produced by @entity2 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.).8. It was concluded that @entity2 acts on the nerve ending increasing the release of transmitter, and that @entity5 acts on the post-synaptic membrane enhancing the input resistance, while @entity3 has both presynaptic and post-synaptic actions. The effect on the nerve ending is concerned with the alpha-action, whereas that on post-synaptic membrane with beta-action of the @entity4 .

title: Effects of XXXX on the neuromuscular junction in the @entity0 diaphragm.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. The effects of @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity5 on neuromuscular transmission in the @entity0 diaphragm and the influence of adrenergic blocking agents on these actions were investigated.2. The resting membrane potential of the muscle fibre was increased by @entity3 (5 x 10(-6)-10(-5) g/ml.) and @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) up to 3-4 mV, but @entity2 (5 x 10(-6)-10(-5) g/ml.) had little effect.3. The amplitude and the half-decay time of the end-plate potential (e.p.p.) were increased by @entity2 (1 x 10(-6) g/ml.), @entity3 (1 x 10(-7)-10(-5) g/ml.) and @entity5 (1-5 x 10(-6) g/ml.). The potentiation of the amplitude of the e.p.p. was greater with @entity2 than with @entity3 and @entity5 .4. @entity2 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) increased the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials (m.e.p.p.), but not their amplitude. However, @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) increased the amplitude of m.e.p.p.s without change in frequency. @entity3 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) increased both frequency and amplitude of m.e.p.p.s.5. @entity3 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) and @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) increased the input resistance of the muscle membrane. The effect was blocked by the beta-blocker, @entity7 (2 x 10(-6) g/ml.), but not by the alpha-blocker, @entity6 (2 x 10(-6) g/ml.). @entity2 did not change the input resistance of the muscle fibre.6. @entity2 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) and @entity3 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) augmented the extracellularly recorded end-plate current (e.p.c.), but they had no effect on the half duration, nor on the action current (a.c.) of the nerve terminal, nor on the synaptic delay. @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) had no effect on any of these parameters. The actions of @entity2 and @entity3 on e.p.c. were abolished by @entity6 (2 x 10(-6) g/ml.), but not by @entity7 (2 x 10(-6) g/ml.).7. @entity3 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) and @entity5 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.) enhanced the amplitude of the @entity1 potential elicited by iontophoretic application of @entity1 . No such effect was produced by @entity2 (5 x 10(-6) g/ml.).8. It was concluded that @entity2 acts on the nerve ending increasing the release of transmitter, and that @entity5 acts on the post-synaptic membrane enhancing the input resistance, while @entity3 has both presynaptic and post-synaptic actions. The effect on the nerve ending is concerned with the alpha-action, whereas that on post-synaptic membrane with beta-action of the @entity4 .

title: Effects of @entity4 on the neuromuscular junction in the XXXX diaphragm.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The outcome of @entity7 remains poor. It has an overall mortality of around 30%, rising in high-risk subgroups to 50% and 100%. The prognosis can be improved by identification of high-risk @entity0 and special management. @entity0 with @entity7 are found to be at high risk for @entity2 or serious complications when one or more of the following factors exist: old age (especially > 60 years old), delayed diagnosis, @entity9 , @entity8 , large @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity1 or coronary artery, prosthetic @entity3 , recurrent events, and failed antibiotic therapy. These factors often coexist and interrelate with one another. Early diagnosis and active treatment are critical for a better clinical outcome. However, @entity7 is difficult to diagnose because of the atypical clinical manifestations and frequent negative results from blood culture. Echocardiography plays an indispensable role in the diagnosis and management of suspected or known @entity7 . By detecting and monitoring certain pathological changes associated with the disease, e.g. vegetation, @entity6 formation, or @entity4 , echocardiography helps to diagnose the disease early, to identify @entity0 at high risk, to monitor the @entity0 , and to optimize the timing and mode of surgical intervention. Serious complications can thus be avoided or cured at an early stage and the prognosis significantly improved.

title: Identification of high-risk subgroups in XXXX and the role of echocardiography.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity10 muscle due to @entity6 was encountered in 14 @entity0 during the period 1975-1983. Five of the 14 @entity0 had a history of @entity8 and two had a history of prior @entity6 . Eleven @entity0 with @entity6 developed @entity2 due to @entity7 and/or a murmur of @entity4 and @entity11 within a week, 3 others had a prolonged course with intermittent @entity2 due to @entity7 and breathlessness for longer periods and then deteriorated. Thirteen of our 14 @entity0 developed a murmur and all but one had @entity11 on the chest x-ray. Five @entity0 had @entity9 patterns on the electrocardiogram, the remainder of the @entity0 had only ST- and T-wave changes. Echocardiograms showed fine flutter and notching of the anterior mitral leaflets and vigorous contractions of the left ventricle. Only one @entity0 was demonstrated to have a papillary muscle tip prolapsing into the left atrium on two-dimensional echocardiography. Twelve @entity0 underwent surgery and 8 survived. Seven @entity0 had single-vessel @entity3 , 4 involving the circumflex system and 3 involving the right coronary system. Four of the 7 @entity0 with single-vessel @entity3 survived surgery. Five @entity0 went to surgery with the intra-aortic balloon pump in place and only 3 survived. Three others had the pump inserted intraoperatively and 2 of these survived. Six of 9 @entity0 who had mitral valve replacement and coronary bypass survived. Ejection fraction ranged from 40 to 79%. Surgical survival did seem to be related to the extent of @entity1 , with the best results occurring in the group with a small portion of the @entity5 . Seven @entity0 had a stormy clinical course and required surgery within 10 days of @entity5 . Four of these 7 survived. It seems reasonable to believe that these @entity0 who often have small @entity9 and limited @entity3 have good potential for survival. Our approach has been to move toward surgery once the diagnosis is made to avoid the sudden deterioration that frequently occurs. The surgical mortality in this group remains in the 30 to 40% range.

title: @entity10 muscle, a complication of XXXX : clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity10 muscle due to @entity6 was encountered in 14 @entity0 during the period 1975-1983. Five of the 14 @entity0 had a history of @entity8 and two had a history of prior @entity6 . Eleven @entity0 with @entity6 developed @entity2 due to @entity7 and/or a murmur of @entity4 and @entity11 within a week, 3 others had a prolonged course with intermittent @entity2 due to @entity7 and breathlessness for longer periods and then deteriorated. Thirteen of our 14 @entity0 developed a murmur and all but one had @entity11 on the chest x-ray. Five @entity0 had @entity9 patterns on the electrocardiogram, the remainder of the @entity0 had only ST- and T-wave changes. Echocardiograms showed fine flutter and notching of the anterior mitral leaflets and vigorous contractions of the left ventricle. Only one @entity0 was demonstrated to have a papillary muscle tip prolapsing into the left atrium on two-dimensional echocardiography. Twelve @entity0 underwent surgery and 8 survived. Seven @entity0 had single-vessel @entity3 , 4 involving the circumflex system and 3 involving the right coronary system. Four of the 7 @entity0 with single-vessel @entity3 survived surgery. Five @entity0 went to surgery with the intra-aortic balloon pump in place and only 3 survived. Three others had the pump inserted intraoperatively and 2 of these survived. Six of 9 @entity0 who had mitral valve replacement and coronary bypass survived. Ejection fraction ranged from 40 to 79%. Surgical survival did seem to be related to the extent of @entity1 , with the best results occurring in the group with a small portion of the @entity5 . Seven @entity0 had a stormy clinical course and required surgery within 10 days of @entity5 . Four of these 7 survived. It seems reasonable to believe that these @entity0 who often have small @entity9 and limited @entity3 have good potential for survival. Our approach has been to move toward surgery once the diagnosis is made to avoid the sudden deterioration that frequently occurs. The surgical mortality in this group remains in the 30 to 40% range.

title: XXXX muscle, a complication of @entity6 : clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.

answer: @entity10


abstract: Ventricular late potentials have been identified as a prognostic factor in the prediction of @entity3 in @entity0 after @entity2 . In this prospective study the possible impact of late potentials on the prediction of @entity3 in the short- and long-term follow-up after coronary artery bypass grafting was evaluated. In 188 @entity0 (165 @entity0 , 23 @entity0 , age 57 +/- 8 years) with chronic @entity1 48 (26%) had late potentials before bypass grafting; after the procedure this was reduced to 39 (21%) (ns). In 16 (33%) of the 48 @entity0 with late potentials before bypass grafting, late potentials were no longer present in the short-term follow-up (9 +/- 6 days). Conversely, seven (5%) of the 140 @entity0 without late potentials before bypass grafting had late potentials in the short-term follow-up after grafting. Nine (19%) of the 48 @entity0 with late potentials before bypass grafting had @entity3 in the peri-operative phase, which had to be treated with antiarrhythmic agents. In contrast, only three (2%) of the 140 @entity0 without late potentials before bypass grafting had to be treated for @entity3 (P < 0.001). In the long-term follow-up of 29 +/- 3 months, there were no events in the group of 149 @entity0 without late potentials after grafting. In the 39 @entity0 with late potentials after grafting, there were two (5%) events (two @entity0 with @entity4 ). CONCLUSIONS: (1) @entity0 with late potentials before bypass grafting have a markedly higher risk of developing serious @entity3 in the peri-operative period than @entity0 without late potentials. (2) @entity0 without late potentials have a very low risk of developing serious @entity3 in the peri-operative period. (3) During long-term follow-up there was only a low probability of developing symptomatic @entity3 in @entity0 with or without late potentials.

title: Influence of coronary artery bypass grafting on ventricular late potentials as a predictive factor for XXXX during short- and long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A liposome-entrapped liposome form of @entity8 (Lip-ADM) has been demonstrated to cause less myocardial and gastrointestinal @entity3 than free ADM. In the present study, Lip-ADM prepared by the remote loading method was administered to 3 @entity0 with metastatic @entity2 via a reservoir with the catheter located in the proper hepatic artery. The @entity1 was @entity4 in 2 @entity0 and sigmoid @entity9 in 1. Lip-ADM was administered at doses of 10, 20 or 50 mg per time. The total ADM dose was 170, 490, and 760 mg, respectively. No severe adverse effects, such as @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity14 , @entity13 or @entity11 , were observed in any of the @entity0 . Although mild @entity12 (2,800/microliters) was observed in 1 @entity0 , @entity7 or @entity10 did not occur. The survival time was respectively 6, 15, and 17 months from the start of Lip-ADM administration. A partial response was obtained in 1 @entity0 and stable disease in 1 @entity0 . Administration of Lip-ADM via a reservoir appears to be a useful treatment for @entity0 with metastatic @entity2 , since the low @entity3 of this preparation allows an increase of the total dose of ADM.

title: Intra-arterial liposomal XXXX for metastatic @entity2 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: A liposome-entrapped liposome form of @entity8 (Lip-ADM) has been demonstrated to cause less myocardial and gastrointestinal @entity3 than free ADM. In the present study, Lip-ADM prepared by the remote loading method was administered to 3 @entity0 with metastatic @entity2 via a reservoir with the catheter located in the proper hepatic artery. The @entity1 was @entity4 in 2 @entity0 and sigmoid @entity9 in 1. Lip-ADM was administered at doses of 10, 20 or 50 mg per time. The total ADM dose was 170, 490, and 760 mg, respectively. No severe adverse effects, such as @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity14 , @entity13 or @entity11 , were observed in any of the @entity0 . Although mild @entity12 (2,800/microliters) was observed in 1 @entity0 , @entity7 or @entity10 did not occur. The survival time was respectively 6, 15, and 17 months from the start of Lip-ADM administration. A partial response was obtained in 1 @entity0 and stable disease in 1 @entity0 . Administration of Lip-ADM via a reservoir appears to be a useful treatment for @entity0 with metastatic @entity2 , since the low @entity3 of this preparation allows an increase of the total dose of ADM.

title: Intra-arterial liposomal @entity8 for metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The records of 102 @entity0 with brain abscesses treated over 17 years were analyzed. In recent years, cardiac and pulmonary causes were less frequent, the abscesses were smaller, and fewer @entity0 were in poor @entity1 . There has been no significant change in the type or number of infective organisms or in the number of abscesses during the study period. Computed tomographic brain scanning was the most important factor in reducing the mortality rate from 41% to 4%. The @entity0 were grouped according to the treatment received: excision (n = 46), @entity4 (n = 33), or nonsurgical therapy (n = 17). @entity0 treated nonsurgically were more likely to have smaller abscesses and multiple lesions than were @entity0 in the other two groups. There were no significant differences in the morbidity or mortality rates between treatment groups. @entity0 whose abscesses were excised had a significantly shorter course of antibiotics than the other @entity0 . Organisms were identified in 85% of the cultures from surgical specimens. The use of preoperative antibiotics was significantly associated with sterile cultures; 30% of @entity0 who received antibiotics preoperatively had sterile cultures, compared with only 4% of @entity0 who did not receive such treatment. The mortality rate among all treated @entity0 (the diagnosis of @entity3 was missed in 6 @entity0 before computed tomographic scanning became routine) was significantly related to the initial neurological grade and the size of the lesion but not to age, sex, or the number of abscesses. Four of the 8 treated @entity0 who died had @entity2 ; an aggressive surgical approach is recommended for such @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Trends in the management of XXXX : a review of 102 cases over 17 years.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 256 @entity0 of the years 1965-1979 who suffered from @entity2 stage T1b were reviewed. Most of the neoplasmas were @entity3 (81%). By @entity1 screening only 21% of the @entity2 were detected. The treatment was in most of the cases a radical hysterectomy (Wertheim-Meigs). Postoperative radiotherapy was performed in cases of poor differentiated @entity2 of if lymphatic nodes had been occupied by the @entity1 . Thus only 43 @entity0 had no radiotherapy. A 5 year-follow-up was possible in 151 cases. @entity0 older than 40 year showed a better prognosis than younger @entity0 . @entity0 treated only by radiotherapy had a five year survival rate of 88%. No difference in prognosis was observed, if radiotherapy was additionally performed. There was no significant difference of severe complications in either forms of treatment.

title: XXXX stage T1b. A 15 years review of 256 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. An isolated gastrocnemius muscle from cat was perfused with a modified Ringer fluid containing the extracellular tracers @entity1 , @entity0 and inulin and in some cases tritiated water (HTO). When equilibration of the tracers between the perfusate and the tissue was obtained, perfusion with tracer-free fluid was started.2. The fractional rate of escape, @entity2 (t), of the tracers was followed. For all tracers it declined steadily with time. The rate of decline was faster for the smaller extracellular molecules when any combination of two extracellular tracers was studied.3. Arrest of flow for 1-2 min lead to an increase in @entity2 (t) for the extracellular tracers when flow was resumed. There was little or no effect upon @entity2 (t) for HTO.4. Doubling the rate of flow had no effect upon @entity2 (t) for the extracellular tracers, while that of HTO increased.5. We conclude that the cause of the decline in @entity2 (t) for the extracellular tracers is concentration gradients in the interstitial space. The findings raise problems in methods for studying capillary permeability by means of the fractional rate of escape of tracers from the interstitial space into the vascular system.

title: The penetration of inulin, XXXX , @entity1 and tritiated water from the interstitial space in muscle into the vascular system.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. An isolated gastrocnemius muscle from cat was perfused with a modified Ringer fluid containing the extracellular tracers @entity1 , @entity0 and inulin and in some cases tritiated water (HTO). When equilibration of the tracers between the perfusate and the tissue was obtained, perfusion with tracer-free fluid was started.2. The fractional rate of escape, @entity2 (t), of the tracers was followed. For all tracers it declined steadily with time. The rate of decline was faster for the smaller extracellular molecules when any combination of two extracellular tracers was studied.3. Arrest of flow for 1-2 min lead to an increase in @entity2 (t) for the extracellular tracers when flow was resumed. There was little or no effect upon @entity2 (t) for HTO.4. Doubling the rate of flow had no effect upon @entity2 (t) for the extracellular tracers, while that of HTO increased.5. We conclude that the cause of the decline in @entity2 (t) for the extracellular tracers is concentration gradients in the interstitial space. The findings raise problems in methods for studying capillary permeability by means of the fractional rate of escape of tracers from the interstitial space into the vascular system.

title: The penetration of inulin, @entity0 , XXXX and tritiated water from the interstitial space in muscle into the vascular system.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effect of bursa of Fabricius on the endocrine function of the @entity1 testis was studied using an isolated testis cell preparation. @entity0 secretion, both basal and under @entity2 stimulation, was measured in the incubation medium. The bursal extract inhibited the response of the testis cells to @entity2 detected as a reduced @entity0 secretion. The normal basal secretion of the testis cells was not modified by the bursal extract. To analyze some characteristics of the bursal factor, fractions of approximately known molecular weight were obtained by filtering through Amicon membranes. The active factor was found in the fraction corresponding to 1000-10000 Da. Its activity disappeared after heating of trypsin incubation, suggesting the peptidic nature of the bursal factor. Tissue extracts from gut and spleen did not modify the @entity2 response of the testis cells. There was inhibition of the @entity2 response by thymus extracts of the newly hatched @entity1 . These results add new evidence of a modulatory effect of the immunogenic organs on the endocrine function of the testis in the newly hatched @entity1 .

title: A factor from bursa of Fabricius inhibits in vitro the chorionic gonadotropin response of the XXXX testis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Most earlier studies indicated that the eye's crystalline lens grows continually throughout life, but cross-sectional results of crystalline lens thinning during childhood have been reported. The authors investigated crystalline lens thickness in childhood using cross-sectional and longitudinal data. METHODS: The Orinda Longitudinal Study of @entity3 is a community-based study of normal eye growth and @entity3 development in school-age @entity0 . During a 1-to 3-year period, A-scan ultrasonographic lens thickness measurements of 869 @entity0 6 through 14 years of age were analyzed. RESULTS: On average, between the ages of 6 and 10 years, the crystalline lens thins in its axial dimension by almost 0.2 mm. This thinning can be depicted by a cubic model. In this sample, the @entity0 with @entity3 had thinner crystalline lenses than the @entity0 with emmetropia of the same age. CONCLUSIONS: This article provides the first longitudinal evidence that the crystalline lens thins during the period of coordinated ocular growth between the ages of 6 and 10 years. Further, it shows that lens thickness is associated with @entity4 . Thinner crystalline lenses in @entity0 with @entity3 may result from one of two underlying mechanisms: Either the crystalline lens exhausts its ability to compensate for axial elongation after undergoing accelerated lens thinning before the onset of @entity3 , or the crystalline lens in the @entity1 may be thinner throughout childhood, during which it thins at a rate consistent with other @entity4 . If @entity2 , more complex, visually guided feedback loops may not be needed to explain the normal eye growth that results in emmetropization.

title: Longitudinal evidence of crystalline lens thinning in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although medial calcification of larger elastic arteries in @entity4 and with advancing age is relatively common, calcification of the cutaneous vascular system is rare. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe three @entity0 with the vascular @entity1 and review the cause, clinical and pathologic features, and treatment of this syndrome. METHODS: We describe three @entity0 with @entity2 and underlying @entity7 . The clinical setting was abnormal @entity5 metabolism from either @entity4 or excessive @entity6 intake. RESULTS: The clinical findings in all @entity0 consisted of multiple tender livedoid nodules and ulcerative plaques on the thighs and legs, which developed in the setting of abnormal @entity5 metabolism from either @entity4 or excessive @entity6 intake. Histologic study demonstrated @entity7 . Although this syndrome usually has a chronic course with significant morbidity and mortality, subtotal parathyroidectomy followed by kidney transplantation resulted in complete resolution in one of our @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The clinical and histopathologic findings in the vascular @entity1 are unique. The pathogenesis is likely multifactorial. Treatment for the @entity3 is largely supportive.

title: The vascular XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 of the palms, axillae, and face has a strong negative impact on the quality of life for many @entity0 . Existing nonsurgical therapeutic options are far from ideal. Definitive cure can be obtained by upper thoracic sympathectomy. The traditional open surgical technique is a major procedure; few @entity0 and doctors have found that risk-benefit considerations favor surgery. Endoscopic minimal invasive surgical techniques are now available. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether endoscopic ablation of the upper thoracic sympathetic chain is efficient and safe in the treatment of @entity1 . METHODS: We treated 850 @entity0 with bilateral endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy. RESULTS: There was no mortality or life-threatening complication. Nine @entity0 (1%) required intercostal drainage because of hemothorax or pneumothorax. Treatment failure occurred in 18 cases (2%) and symptoms recurred in 17 @entity0 (2%). At the end of follow-up (median, 31 months) 98% of the @entity0 reported satisfactory results. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy is an efficient, safe, and minimally invasive surgical method for the treatment of palmar, axillary, and facial @entity1 .

title: Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy: an efficient and safe method for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Catheter ablation (CA) is considered the treatment of choice for @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). However, there is a tendency to avoid CA in the elderly because of a presumed increased risk of periprocedural atrioventricular (AV) @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this prospective registry was to assess age-related differences in the efficacy and safety of CA within a large population with @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 3,234 consecutive @entity0 from 48 German trial centers who underwent CA of @entity4 between March 2007 and May 2010 were enrolled in this study. The cohort was divided into three age groups: <50 years (group 1, n = 1,268 [39.2%]; median age = 40 [30.0-45.0] years, 74.1% @entity0 ), 50-75 years old (group 2, n = 1,707 [52.8%]; 63.0 [58.0-69.0] years, 63.0% @entity0 ), and > 75 years old (group 3, n = 259 [8.0%]; 79.0 [77.0-82.0] years, 50.6% @entity0 ). RESULTS: CA was performed with radiofrequency current (RFC) in 97.7% and cryoablation technology in 2.3% of all cases. No differences were observed among the three groups with regard to primary CA success rate (98.7% vs. 98.8 % vs. 98.5%; P = .92) and overall procedure duration (75.0 minutes [50.0-105.0]; P = .93). Hemodynamically stable pericardial effusion occurred in five group 2 (0.3%) and two group 3 (0.8%) @entity0 but in none of the group 1 (P <.05) @entity0 . Complete @entity3 requiring permanent pacemaker implantation occurred in two @entity0 in group 1 (0.2%) and six @entity0 in group 2 (0.4%) but none in group 3 (P = 0.41). During a median follow-up period of 511.5 days (396.0-771.0), @entity4 recurrence occurred in 5.7% of all @entity0 . @entity0 >75 years (group 3) had a significantly longer hospital stay (3.0 days [2.0-5.0]) compared with group 1 (2.0 days [1.0-2.0]) or group 2 (2.0 days [1.0-3.0]) @entity0 (P <.0001). CONCLUSION: CA of @entity4 is highly effective and safe and does not pose an increased risk for complete @entity3 in @entity0 over 75 years of age, despite a higher prevalence of structural @entity1 . Antiarrhythmic drug therapy is often ineffective in this age group; thus, CA for @entity4 should be considered the preferred treatment even in elderly @entity0 .

title: Ablation of XXXX in the elderly: results from the German Ablation Registry.

answer: @entity4