abstract: BACKGROUND: There is still significant disagreement among surgeons about the best method for arterial cannulation to institute cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in @entity0 with @entity2 @entity6 (STAADs). This study aimed to provide support for central aortic cannulation as a viable and preferable option, as it reduces time to institute CPB, operative times, and decreases the complexity of the procedure. METHODS: This study is a retrospective review of 34 @entity0 who underwent STAAD repairs consecutively between October 2006 and January 2014. The sample was analyzed for method of cannulation, CPB time, cross-clamp time, circulatory arrest time, mortality, and complication rate. Statistical analysis was performed to compare a control group of @entity0 who underwent nonaortic cannulation. RESULTS: The most common method of cannulation was the distal aortic arch, which also produced the lowest relative mortality. The 30-day mortality was found to be 17.6%. @entity4 , @entity3 , and failure to extubate within 48    hours were the most frequent complications, and @entity1 occurred in three @entity0 (8.8%). Statistically significant differences in bypass and @entity5 times favored aortic cannulation. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the notion that central aortic cannulation is a viable option for CPB in STAAD repair, but further prospective, randomized trials are necessary for the procedure to replace peripheral cannulation techniques.

title: Central aortic cannulation for Stanford type a XXXX with the use of three-dimensional and two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 and @entity3 are two of the most commonly used medications for providing topical anesthesia in laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). These agents have not been previously compared in a prospective manner to determine their efficacy in these settings. METHODS: This prospective, single-masked, randomized study comprised 256 eyes from 128 consecutive @entity0 being treated with LASIK or PRK who were randomized to receive @entity2 in one eye and @entity3 in the other. The @entity0 were blinded as to which anesthetic agent was used in each eye. Pain levels were graded on a 0-10 scale, and were assessed upon instillation, during surgery, immediately postoperatively, 30 minutes postoperatively, overnight, and on postoperative day 1. @entity0 were asked 30 minutes after surgery which anesthetic agent they would choose. RESULTS: Both anesthetic agents resulted in diminished amounts of subjective @entity1 in @entity0 undergoing LASIK and PRK. @entity2 caused significantly more @entity1 upon instillation than @entity3 for both LASIK and PRK @entity0 . LASIK @entity0 noted significantly less @entity1 30 minutes after surgery when treated with @entity2 . Significantly more LASIK @entity0 preferred the eye treated with @entity2 . These differences were not present in the PRK group. CONCLUSION: Both @entity2 and @entity3 are effective methods of topical anesthesia in LASIK and PRK. @entity2 caused significantly more @entity1 upon instillation in all @entity0 , but resulted in greater analgesia 30 minutes after surgery in the LASIK group. @entity0 in the LASIK group expressed a preference for @entity2 over @entity3 . There was no significant drop preference among PRK @entity0 .

title: Prospective, randomized, contralateral eye comparison of XXXX and @entity3 for @entity1 control in laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 and @entity3 are two of the most commonly used medications for providing topical anesthesia in laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). These agents have not been previously compared in a prospective manner to determine their efficacy in these settings. METHODS: This prospective, single-masked, randomized study comprised 256 eyes from 128 consecutive @entity0 being treated with LASIK or PRK who were randomized to receive @entity2 in one eye and @entity3 in the other. The @entity0 were blinded as to which anesthetic agent was used in each eye. Pain levels were graded on a 0-10 scale, and were assessed upon instillation, during surgery, immediately postoperatively, 30 minutes postoperatively, overnight, and on postoperative day 1. @entity0 were asked 30 minutes after surgery which anesthetic agent they would choose. RESULTS: Both anesthetic agents resulted in diminished amounts of subjective @entity1 in @entity0 undergoing LASIK and PRK. @entity2 caused significantly more @entity1 upon instillation than @entity3 for both LASIK and PRK @entity0 . LASIK @entity0 noted significantly less @entity1 30 minutes after surgery when treated with @entity2 . Significantly more LASIK @entity0 preferred the eye treated with @entity2 . These differences were not present in the PRK group. CONCLUSION: Both @entity2 and @entity3 are effective methods of topical anesthesia in LASIK and PRK. @entity2 caused significantly more @entity1 upon instillation in all @entity0 , but resulted in greater analgesia 30 minutes after surgery in the LASIK group. @entity0 in the LASIK group expressed a preference for @entity2 over @entity3 . There was no significant drop preference among PRK @entity0 .

title: Prospective, randomized, contralateral eye comparison of @entity2 and XXXX for @entity1 control in laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 and @entity3 are two of the most commonly used medications for providing topical anesthesia in laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). These agents have not been previously compared in a prospective manner to determine their efficacy in these settings. METHODS: This prospective, single-masked, randomized study comprised 256 eyes from 128 consecutive @entity0 being treated with LASIK or PRK who were randomized to receive @entity2 in one eye and @entity3 in the other. The @entity0 were blinded as to which anesthetic agent was used in each eye. Pain levels were graded on a 0-10 scale, and were assessed upon instillation, during surgery, immediately postoperatively, 30 minutes postoperatively, overnight, and on postoperative day 1. @entity0 were asked 30 minutes after surgery which anesthetic agent they would choose. RESULTS: Both anesthetic agents resulted in diminished amounts of subjective @entity1 in @entity0 undergoing LASIK and PRK. @entity2 caused significantly more @entity1 upon instillation than @entity3 for both LASIK and PRK @entity0 . LASIK @entity0 noted significantly less @entity1 30 minutes after surgery when treated with @entity2 . Significantly more LASIK @entity0 preferred the eye treated with @entity2 . These differences were not present in the PRK group. CONCLUSION: Both @entity2 and @entity3 are effective methods of topical anesthesia in LASIK and PRK. @entity2 caused significantly more @entity1 upon instillation in all @entity0 , but resulted in greater analgesia 30 minutes after surgery in the LASIK group. @entity0 in the LASIK group expressed a preference for @entity2 over @entity3 . There was no significant drop preference among PRK @entity0 .

title: Prospective, randomized, contralateral eye comparison of @entity2 and @entity3 for XXXX control in laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Nonadherence with medication occurs in all chronic medical disorders. It is a particular challenge in @entity2 due to the illness's association with social isolation, stigma, and comorbid substance misuse, plus the effect of symptom domains on adherence, including positive and negative symptoms, lack of insight, @entity3 , and @entity1 . Nonadherence lies on a spectrum, is often covert, and is underestimated by clinicians, but affects more than one third of @entity0 with @entity2 per annum. It increases the risk of relapse, rehospitalization, and self-harm, increases inpatient costs, and lowers quality of life. It results from multiple @entity0 , clinician, illness, medication, and service factors, but a useful distinction is between intentional and unintentional nonadherence. There is no gold standard approach to the measurement of adherence as all methods have pros and cons. Interventions to improve adherence include psychoeducation and other psychosocial interventions, antipsychotic long-acting injections, electronic reminders, service-based interventions, and financial incentives. These overlap, all have some evidence of effectiveness, and the intervention adopted should be tailored to the individual. Psychosocial interventions that utilize combined approaches seem more effective than unidimensional approaches. There is increasing interest in electronic reminders and monitoring systems to enhance adherence, eg, Short Message Service text messaging and real-time medication monitoring linked to smart pill containers or an electronic ingestible event marker. Financial incentives to enhance antipsychotic adherence raise ethical issues, and their place in practice remains unclear. Simple pragmatic strategies to improve medication adherence include shared decision-making, regular assessment of adherence, simplification of the medication regimen, ensuring that treatment is effective and that side effects are managed, and promoting a positive therapeutic alliance and good communication between the clinician and @entity0 . These elements remain essential for all @entity0 , not least for the small minority where vulnerability and risk issue dictate that compulsory treatment is necessary to ensure adherence.

title: Nonadherence with antipsychotic medication in XXXX : challenges and management strategies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Postoperative sore throat and @entity2 are common minor complications following airway manipulation. This study was primarily done to determine gender differences in the incidence of these symptoms and the location of POST after laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and endotracheal tube (ETT). METHODS: A total of 112 @entity0 and 185 @entity0 were included during a four month period. All @entity0 were evaluated postoperatively and after 24  hours about the occurrence of sore throat, its location and @entity2 . If the @entity0 had any symptom, they were followed-up at 48, 72 and 96  hours until the symptoms resolved. RESULTS: There was no significant gender difference in postoperative sore throat (POST) and postoperative @entity2 (PH) when analyzing both airway devices together. The incidence of sore throat and @entity2 were higher postoperatively after an ETT than an LMA (32% vs. 19%, p =   0.012) and 57% vs. 33% (p <   0.001) respectively. Significantly more @entity0 than @entity0 had POST after an LMA (26% vs. 6%, p =   0.004). No significant gender difference was found in either POST or PH after an ETT or in the incidence of PH after an LMA. More @entity0 located their @entity1 below the larynx after an ETT vs. an LMA (24% vs. 4%). @entity1 above the larynx was more common after an LMA than an ETT (52% vs. 37%). CONCLUSIONS: In a clinical setting where @entity0 are intubated with a smaller size ETT than @entity0 , there were no significant differences in POST or PH between genders. Additionally, more @entity0 than @entity0 have POST when an LMA is used. Awareness of POST and PH may help streamline @entity0 in whom the best airway device could be used during anesthesia and surgery.

title: Gender differences in sore throat and XXXX following endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway: a prospective study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported a relationship between serum @entity4 levels and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, data are rare up to now regarding the relation of @entity4 levels with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) patency in the setting of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Moreover, previous studies reported that increased @entity4 was related to impaired post-intervention coronary flow. To our knowledge, the association between serum total @entity4 (TB) levels and pre-primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with patency of @entity5 flow in @entity3 @entity0 has not been investigated. AIM: To evaluate the association of TB with pre-primary PCI, coronary flow and in-hospital major adverse @entity1 (MACE) in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 360 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 (mean age = 61.4   13.7 years) admitted within 12 h from the time of symptom onset were enrolled. @entity0 were divided into 2 groups based on the serum TB levels. We defined normal flow as pre-PCI TIMI 3 flow, while impaired flow was defined as pre-PCI TIMI  <= 2 flow. RESULTS: Pre-PCI impaired flow was higher in the TB group than pre-PCI normal flow (p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality and MACE were significantly higher in the high TB group (p = 0.002, p < 0.001 respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, TB > 0.825 mg/dl predicted impaired @entity5 flow before p-PCI with a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 71%. CONCLUSIONS: The TB is an inexpensive and readily available marker for @entity3 @entity0 undergoing PCI. It can be used for risk stratification in this @entity0 population.

title: A novel predictor of @entity5 patency before percutaneous intervention and in-hospital outcomes for @entity3 patients: serum XXXX level.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported a relationship between serum @entity4 levels and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, data are rare up to now regarding the relation of @entity4 levels with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) patency in the setting of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Moreover, previous studies reported that increased @entity4 was related to impaired post-intervention coronary flow. To our knowledge, the association between serum total @entity4 (TB) levels and pre-primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with patency of @entity5 flow in @entity3 @entity0 has not been investigated. AIM: To evaluate the association of TB with pre-primary PCI, coronary flow and in-hospital major adverse @entity1 (MACE) in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 360 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 (mean age = 61.4   13.7 years) admitted within 12 h from the time of symptom onset were enrolled. @entity0 were divided into 2 groups based on the serum TB levels. We defined normal flow as pre-PCI TIMI 3 flow, while impaired flow was defined as pre-PCI TIMI  <= 2 flow. RESULTS: Pre-PCI impaired flow was higher in the TB group than pre-PCI normal flow (p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality and MACE were significantly higher in the high TB group (p = 0.002, p < 0.001 respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, TB > 0.825 mg/dl predicted impaired @entity5 flow before p-PCI with a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 71%. CONCLUSIONS: The TB is an inexpensive and readily available marker for @entity3 @entity0 undergoing PCI. It can be used for risk stratification in this @entity0 population.

title: A novel predictor of @entity5 patency before percutaneous intervention and in-hospital outcomes for XXXX patients: serum @entity4 level.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have reported a relationship between serum @entity4 levels and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, data are rare up to now regarding the relation of @entity4 levels with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) patency in the setting of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Moreover, previous studies reported that increased @entity4 was related to impaired post-intervention coronary flow. To our knowledge, the association between serum total @entity4 (TB) levels and pre-primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with patency of @entity5 flow in @entity3 @entity0 has not been investigated. AIM: To evaluate the association of TB with pre-primary PCI, coronary flow and in-hospital major adverse @entity1 (MACE) in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 360 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 (mean age = 61.4   13.7 years) admitted within 12 h from the time of symptom onset were enrolled. @entity0 were divided into 2 groups based on the serum TB levels. We defined normal flow as pre-PCI TIMI 3 flow, while impaired flow was defined as pre-PCI TIMI  <= 2 flow. RESULTS: Pre-PCI impaired flow was higher in the TB group than pre-PCI normal flow (p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality and MACE were significantly higher in the high TB group (p = 0.002, p < 0.001 respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, TB > 0.825 mg/dl predicted impaired @entity5 flow before p-PCI with a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 71%. CONCLUSIONS: The TB is an inexpensive and readily available marker for @entity3 @entity0 undergoing PCI. It can be used for risk stratification in this @entity0 population.

title: A novel predictor of XXXX patency before percutaneous intervention and in-hospital outcomes for @entity3 patients: serum @entity4 level.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: American adults consume 11.3% of total daily calories from foods and beverages from fast food restaurants. The contribution of different types of fast food restaurants to the diets of US @entity0 is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the consumption of energy, @entity1 , added @entity3 , and solid fats among US @entity0 ages 4-19 y by fast food restaurant type. METHODS: Analyses used the first 24-h recall for 12,378 @entity0 in the 2003-2010 cycles of the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003-2010). NHANES data identify foods by location of origin, including stores and fast food restaurants (FFR). A novel custom algorithm divided FFRs into 8 segments and assigned meals and snacks to each. These included burger, pizza, sandwich, Mexican, Asian, fish, and coffee/snack restaurants. The contribution of each restaurant type to intakes of energy and other dietary constituents was then assessed by age group (4-11 y and 12-19 y) and by race/ethnicity. RESULTS: Store-bought foods and beverages provided 64.8% of energy, 61.9% of @entity1 , 68.9% of added @entity3 , and 60.1% of solid fats. FFRs provided 14.1% of energy, 15.9% of @entity1 , 10.4% of added @entity3 and 17.9% of solid fats. Among FFR segments, burger restaurants provided 6.2% of total energy, 5.8% of @entity1 , 6.2% of added @entity3 , and 7.6% of solid fats. Less energy was provided by pizza (3.3%), sandwich (1.4%), Mexican (1.3%), and @entity2 restaurants (1.2%). @entity4 @entity0 obtained a greater proportion of their total energy (7.4%), @entity1 (7.1%), and solid fats (9.5%) from burger restaurants as compared to non-Hispanic white @entity0 (6.0% of energy, 5.5% of @entity1 , and 7.3% of solid fat). CONCLUSIONS: These novel analyses, based on consumption data by fast food market segment, allow public health stakeholders to better monitor the effectiveness of industry efforts to promote healthier menu options.

title: A new method to monitor the contribution of fast food restaurants to the diets of US XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Intravenous @entity4 (LEV) has been shown to be effective and safe in treating adults with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). We sought to investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous LEV for pediatric @entity0 with refractory @entity1 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective medical-record review of pediatric @entity0 who were treated with intravenous LEV for refractory @entity1 . Clinical information regarding age, sex, @entity3 type, and underlying neurological status was collected. We evaluated other anticonvulsants that were used prior to administration of intravenous LEV and assessed loading dose, response to treatment, and any adverse events from intravenous LEV administration. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 (8 @entity0 and 6 @entity0 ) received intravenous LEV for the treatment of refractory @entity1 . The mean age of the @entity0 was 4.4    5.5 years (range, 4 days to 14.6 years). Ten of the @entity0 were neurologically healthy prior to the refractory @entity1 , and the other 4 had been previously diagnosed with @entity2 . The mean loading dose of intravenous LEV was 26    4.6 mg/kg (range, 20-30 mg/kg). @entity3 termination occurred in 6 (43%) of the 14 @entity0 . In particular, 4 (57%) of the 7 @entity0 younger than 2 years showed @entity3 termination. No immediate adverse events occurred during or after infusions. CONCLUSIONS: The current study demonstrated that the adjunctive use of intravenous LEV was effective and well tolerated in pediatric @entity0 with refractory @entity1 , even in @entity0 younger than 2 years. Intravenous LEV should be considered as an effective and safe treatment option for refractory @entity1 in pediatric @entity0 .

title: Effectiveness of intravenous XXXX as an adjunctive treatment in pediatric @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Intravenous @entity4 (LEV) has been shown to be effective and safe in treating adults with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). We sought to investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous LEV for pediatric @entity0 with refractory @entity1 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective medical-record review of pediatric @entity0 who were treated with intravenous LEV for refractory @entity1 . Clinical information regarding age, sex, @entity3 type, and underlying neurological status was collected. We evaluated other anticonvulsants that were used prior to administration of intravenous LEV and assessed loading dose, response to treatment, and any adverse events from intravenous LEV administration. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 (8 @entity0 and 6 @entity0 ) received intravenous LEV for the treatment of refractory @entity1 . The mean age of the @entity0 was 4.4    5.5 years (range, 4 days to 14.6 years). Ten of the @entity0 were neurologically healthy prior to the refractory @entity1 , and the other 4 had been previously diagnosed with @entity2 . The mean loading dose of intravenous LEV was 26    4.6 mg/kg (range, 20-30 mg/kg). @entity3 termination occurred in 6 (43%) of the 14 @entity0 . In particular, 4 (57%) of the 7 @entity0 younger than 2 years showed @entity3 termination. No immediate adverse events occurred during or after infusions. CONCLUSIONS: The current study demonstrated that the adjunctive use of intravenous LEV was effective and well tolerated in pediatric @entity0 with refractory @entity1 , even in @entity0 younger than 2 years. Intravenous LEV should be considered as an effective and safe treatment option for refractory @entity1 in pediatric @entity0 .

title: Effectiveness of intravenous @entity4 as an adjunctive treatment in pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and side effects of @entity6 1% versus @entity5 0.1% after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). METHODS: DMEK recipients used @entity6 1% for 1 month, and they were randomized to either @entity3 or @entity5 for months 2 through 12. Dosing was 4 times daily in months 1 to 3, thrice daily in month 4, twice daily in month 5, and once daily in months 6 to 12. The main outcomes were immunologic rejection episodes and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation (defined as >= 24 mm Hg or >= 10 mm Hg increase over the preoperative baseline level), assessed by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: The study included 325 eyes (99% were white, 96% had @entity7 , and 9% had a previous @entity4 diagnosis). No eyes (0%) assigned to @entity3 versus 2 eyes (1.4%) assigned to @entity5 experienced a possible (n = 1) or probable (n = 1) rejection episode (P = 0.17). Both rejection episodes resolved successfully with increased topical @entity2 . In the @entity3 arm, a significantly higher proportion exceeded the defined IOP elevation threshold (22% vs. 6%, P = 0.0005), and @entity4 medications were initiated or increased more often (17% vs. 5%, P = 0.0003). The most frequent reasons for discontinuing the assigned intervention were IOP management (n = 13 eyes assigned to @entity3 ) or @entity0 management (n = 3 eyes assigned to @entity5 ). One-year endothelial cell loss was comparable in both arms (30% vs. 31%, P = 0.50). CONCLUSIONS: DMEK has a remarkably low rejection episode rate (<1% through 1 year), as confirmed in this prospective randomized study. This provides a unique opportunity to reduce postoperative topical corticosteroid strength and thereby reduce the risk of @entity1 -associated complications.

title: Randomized comparison of topical @entity6 1% versus XXXX 0.1% in the first year after descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and side effects of @entity6 1% versus @entity5 0.1% after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). METHODS: DMEK recipients used @entity6 1% for 1 month, and they were randomized to either @entity3 or @entity5 for months 2 through 12. Dosing was 4 times daily in months 1 to 3, thrice daily in month 4, twice daily in month 5, and once daily in months 6 to 12. The main outcomes were immunologic rejection episodes and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation (defined as >= 24 mm Hg or >= 10 mm Hg increase over the preoperative baseline level), assessed by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: The study included 325 eyes (99% were white, 96% had @entity7 , and 9% had a previous @entity4 diagnosis). No eyes (0%) assigned to @entity3 versus 2 eyes (1.4%) assigned to @entity5 experienced a possible (n = 1) or probable (n = 1) rejection episode (P = 0.17). Both rejection episodes resolved successfully with increased topical @entity2 . In the @entity3 arm, a significantly higher proportion exceeded the defined IOP elevation threshold (22% vs. 6%, P = 0.0005), and @entity4 medications were initiated or increased more often (17% vs. 5%, P = 0.0003). The most frequent reasons for discontinuing the assigned intervention were IOP management (n = 13 eyes assigned to @entity3 ) or @entity0 management (n = 3 eyes assigned to @entity5 ). One-year endothelial cell loss was comparable in both arms (30% vs. 31%, P = 0.50). CONCLUSIONS: DMEK has a remarkably low rejection episode rate (<1% through 1 year), as confirmed in this prospective randomized study. This provides a unique opportunity to reduce postoperative topical corticosteroid strength and thereby reduce the risk of @entity1 -associated complications.

title: Randomized comparison of topical XXXX 1% versus @entity5 0.1% in the first year after descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

answer: @entity6


abstract: CONTEXT: Exerting a broad range of biological effects in various tissues, activins are homo- or heterodimers of activin/inhibin b-subunits (bA, bB, bC, and bE in @entity0 ). Although activins A (bAbA), B (bBbB), @entity6 (bAbB), and AC (bAbC) have been demonstrated in the female reproductive system, little is known about their individual functions in the ovary. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological roles and activities of activins in regulating steroidogenesis in @entity0 granulosa cells. DESIGN: @entity0 granulosa-lutein cells obtained from 32 @entity0 undergoing in vitro fertilization were used to investigate the effects of activin A, B, @entity6 , and AC on the expression of steroidogenic enzymes and @entity2 production. SETTING: An academic research center. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: mRNA and protein levels were examined by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The production of @entity1 and @entity4 was measured by enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: P450 aromatase, @entity8 , and @entity1 levels were increased, whereas @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity5 , and @entity4 levels were decreased after treatment with activin A, B, and @entity6 , but not activin AC. FSH or LH induced the production of aromatase/ @entity1 and @entity3 / @entity4 ; however, pretreatment with activin A, B, or @entity6 enhanced the effects of gonadotropins on aromatase/ @entity1 , but suppressed their effects on @entity3 / @entity4 . Treatment with activin A, B, or @entity6 induced the phosphorylation of SMA- and MAD-related proteins ( @entity7 ), whereas activin AC had no such effects. Furthermore, co-culture of activin AC (1-100 ng/mL) with activin A (25 ng/mL) did not alter the effects of activin A on P450 aromatase or @entity3 mRNA levels. CONCLUSION: Activin A, B, and @entity6 have similar effects on steroidogenesis in @entity0 granulosa cells. In contrast, activin AC is not biologically active and does not act as a competitive antagonist.

title: Effects of recombinant activins on steroidogenesis in XXXX granulosa-lutein cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Background: In contrast to @entity5 -derived superantigenic exotoxins, the role of non-superantigenic exotoxins in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic @entity6 remains obscure. We sought to characterize @entity5 alpha-toxin-induced cellular responses in chronic rhinosinusitis with @entity2 (CRSwNP). Methods: Dispersed nasal polyp cells and uncinate tissue cells were prepared from @entity0 with @entity1 with and without @entity2 , respectively. Cells were incubated with various concentrations of alpha-toxin or staphylococcal enterotoxin B and then the levels of IL-5, IL-13, IFN-y, IL-17A, and @entity3 in the cell supernatants were determined. The pathophysiological significance of alpha-toxin-induced cytokine production was also determined including radiological severity of rhinosinusitis, tissue and blood @entity7 , serum total IgE level, and 1-s forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC). Results: Nasal polyp cells produced substantial amounts of IL-5, IL-13, IFN-y, IL-17A, and @entity3 in response to alpha-toxin. Cytokine production was higher in nasal polyp cells than in uncinate tissue cells. The potency of alpha-toxin in stimulating IL-5, IL-13, and @entity3 production was comparable to that of @entity8 . Alpha-toxin-induced IFN-y, IL-17A, and @entity3 production significantly and negatively correlated with the degree of eosinophil infiltration into @entity2 . Conversely, alpha-toxin-induced IFN-y and @entity3 production significantly and positively correlated with FEV1/FVC. @entity3 production was significantly lower in @entity4 @entity0 compared to non-asthmatics Conclusions: @entity5 -derived alpha-toxin can provoke cellular responses in @entity2 . These responses, especially failure to synthesize @entity3 , may play a role in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP.

title: Cellular Responses to @entity5 Alpha-Toxin in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Background: In contrast to @entity5 -derived superantigenic exotoxins, the role of non-superantigenic exotoxins in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic @entity6 remains obscure. We sought to characterize @entity5 alpha-toxin-induced cellular responses in chronic rhinosinusitis with @entity2 (CRSwNP). Methods: Dispersed nasal polyp cells and uncinate tissue cells were prepared from @entity0 with @entity1 with and without @entity2 , respectively. Cells were incubated with various concentrations of alpha-toxin or staphylococcal enterotoxin B and then the levels of IL-5, IL-13, IFN-y, IL-17A, and @entity3 in the cell supernatants were determined. The pathophysiological significance of alpha-toxin-induced cytokine production was also determined including radiological severity of rhinosinusitis, tissue and blood @entity7 , serum total IgE level, and 1-s forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1/FVC). Results: Nasal polyp cells produced substantial amounts of IL-5, IL-13, IFN-y, IL-17A, and @entity3 in response to alpha-toxin. Cytokine production was higher in nasal polyp cells than in uncinate tissue cells. The potency of alpha-toxin in stimulating IL-5, IL-13, and @entity3 production was comparable to that of @entity8 . Alpha-toxin-induced IFN-y, IL-17A, and @entity3 production significantly and negatively correlated with the degree of eosinophil infiltration into @entity2 . Conversely, alpha-toxin-induced IFN-y and @entity3 production significantly and positively correlated with FEV1/FVC. @entity3 production was significantly lower in @entity4 @entity0 compared to non-asthmatics Conclusions: @entity5 -derived alpha-toxin can provoke cellular responses in @entity2 . These responses, especially failure to synthesize @entity3 , may play a role in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP.

title: Cellular Responses to XXXX Alpha-Toxin in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Abstract Rapid identification of @entity6 following closed @entity3 represents a significant health care need because of the potentially life-threatening risk they present. This study demonstrates the clinical utility of an index of brain electrical activity used to identify intracranial @entity4 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) presenting to the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Brain electrical activity was recorded from a limited montage located on the forehead of 394 closed head injured @entity0 who were referred for CT scans as part of their standard @entity2 assessment. A total of 116 of these @entity0 were found to be CT positive (CT+), of which 46 @entity0 with @entity6 (CT+) were identified for study. A total of 278 @entity0 were found to be CT negative (CT-) and were used as controls. CT scans were subjected to quanitative measurements of volume of blood and distance of bleed from recording electrodes by blinded independent experts, implementing a validated method for @entity4 measurement. Using an algorithm based on brain electrical activity developed on a large independent cohort of @entity1 @entity0 and controls ( @entity1 -Index), @entity0 were classified as either positive or negative for structural @entity5 . Sensitivity to @entity4 was found to be 95.7% (95% CI=85.2, 99.5), specificity was 43.9% (95% CI=38.0, 49.9). There was no significant relationship between the @entity1 -Index and distance of the bleed from recording sites (F=0.044, p=0.833), or volume of blood measured F=0.179, p=0.674). Results of this study are a validation and extension of previously published retrospective findings in an independent population, and provide evidence that a @entity1 -Index for structural @entity5 is a highly sensitive measure for the detection of potentially life-threatening @entity6 , and could contribute to the rapid, quantitative evaluation and treatment of such @entity0 .

title: Identification of @entity4 in Mild XXXX Using an Index of Quantitative Brain Electrical Activity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Abstract Rapid identification of @entity6 following closed @entity3 represents a significant health care need because of the potentially life-threatening risk they present. This study demonstrates the clinical utility of an index of brain electrical activity used to identify intracranial @entity4 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) presenting to the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Brain electrical activity was recorded from a limited montage located on the forehead of 394 closed head injured @entity0 who were referred for CT scans as part of their standard @entity2 assessment. A total of 116 of these @entity0 were found to be CT positive (CT+), of which 46 @entity0 with @entity6 (CT+) were identified for study. A total of 278 @entity0 were found to be CT negative (CT-) and were used as controls. CT scans were subjected to quanitative measurements of volume of blood and distance of bleed from recording electrodes by blinded independent experts, implementing a validated method for @entity4 measurement. Using an algorithm based on brain electrical activity developed on a large independent cohort of @entity1 @entity0 and controls ( @entity1 -Index), @entity0 were classified as either positive or negative for structural @entity5 . Sensitivity to @entity4 was found to be 95.7% (95% CI=85.2, 99.5), specificity was 43.9% (95% CI=38.0, 49.9). There was no significant relationship between the @entity1 -Index and distance of the bleed from recording sites (F=0.044, p=0.833), or volume of blood measured F=0.179, p=0.674). Results of this study are a validation and extension of previously published retrospective findings in an independent population, and provide evidence that a @entity1 -Index for structural @entity5 is a highly sensitive measure for the detection of potentially life-threatening @entity6 , and could contribute to the rapid, quantitative evaluation and treatment of such @entity0 .

title: Identification of XXXX in Mild @entity1 Using an Index of Quantitative Brain Electrical Activity.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity8 iowae, an occasional pathogen of @entity1 , was isolated for the first time from captive grey partridges (Perdix perdix). Clinical signs including respiratory and @entity5 were seen in birds of all ages but mainly in those kept housed during rearing. Mortality rates averaged over 20% during the year. Treatment with antibiotics and antiparasitic drugs produced only a transient improvement in condition. The gross pathology findings included poor body growth, lack of development of the breast muscles, abnormalities in the keel development, and @entity0 . Some birds showed infraorbital @entity4 with serous or fibrinous exudates and @entity7 , while others presented serofibrinous airsacculitis and @entity2 . Laboratory investigations revealed pure cultures of M. iowae in the gut as well as sinus and air sacs. While other organisms such as coccidia, Trichomonas, @entity3 , @entity6 , and Aspergillus spp. were detected, the similarity of the disease with that seen in @entity1 infected with M. iowae strongly suggests that this @entity8 may be the primary pathogen here. The presence of M. iowae in game birds commonly released into the wild could have serious implications particularly in areas where industrial poultry farms are concentrated.

title: First isolation of XXXX iowae in grey partridge flocks.

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: The appendix can be a rare cause for chronic right lower quadrant @entity4 (RLQAP), even though no objective disorder can be determined to the appendix. This condition can be described as @entity2 . After careful selection, elective appendectomy is performed in our centre for this group of @entity0 . METHODS: All @entity0 that underwent an elective appendectomy between 2006 and 2013 were prospectively analysed. Inclusion criterion was chronic RLQAP without abnormalities seen on imaging. Exclusion criterion was @entity3 after conservative treatment of (complicated) @entity5 or an abnormal appendix on imaging like a mass, mucocoele or faecolith. Primary outcome was the effect on the @entity3 postoperatively. RESULTS: In the period of the study, ten @entity0 met the inclusion criteria and underwent an appendectomy for chronic RLQAP. Average preoperative @entity3 score assessed with visual analogue scale (VAS) was 8.6. Preoperative work-up showed no abnormalities. No @entity6 were seen during surgery in any of the @entity0 . Histopathological analysis was obtained and showed @entity6 in eight of ten @entity0 , mostly suspicion of previous @entity1 . Postoperatively, no complications occurred, and at revision after 3 weeks, average VAS was 1.0. Long-term follow-up showed that @entity0 remained free of symptoms; average VAS after a median of 33 months was 1.0. CONCLUSIONS: A significant @entity3 was achieved after an appendectomy in all @entity0 suffering from chronic RLQAP in this series. Seven out of ten @entity0 were completely free of @entity3 .

title: Laparoscopic appendectomy for chronic right lower quadrant XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: The risk of dosage @entity1 ( @entity1 ) among manually written prescriptions within 'mixed' prescribing system (computerized physician order entry (CPOE)  +  manual prescriptions) has not been previously assessed in neonatology. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of dosage @entity1 related to manual prescriptions in the high-risk population of very preterm @entity0 (GA  <  33  weeks) in a mixed prescription system. METHODS: The study was based on a retrospective review of a random sample of manual daily prescriptions in two neonatal intensive care units (NICU) A and B, located in different French University hospitals (Dijon and La Reunion island). Daily prescription was defined as the set of all drugs manually prescribed on a single day for one @entity0 . Dosage error was defined as a deviation of at least   10% from the weight-appropriate recommended dose. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The analyses were based on the assessment of 676 manually prescribed drugs from NICU A (58 different drugs from 93 newborns and 240 daily prescriptions) and 354 manually prescribed drugs from NICU B (73 different drugs from 131 newborns and 241 daily prescriptions). The dosage error rate per 100 manually prescribed drugs was similar in both NICU: 3  8% (95% CI: 2  5-5  6%) in NICU A and 3  1% (95% CI: 1  6-5  5%) in NICU B (P  =  0  54). Among all the 37 identified dosage errors, the over-dosing was almost as frequent as the under-dosing (17 and 20 errors, respectively). Potentially severe dosage errors occurred in a total of seven drug prescriptions. None of the dosage @entity1 was recorded in the corresponding medical files and information on clinical outcome was not sufficient to identify clinical conditions related to dosage @entity1 . Overall, 46  8% of manually prescribed drugs were off label or unlicensed, with no significant differences between prescriptions with or without dosage error. The risk of a dosage @entity1 increased significantly if the drug was included in the CPOE system but was manually prescribed (OR  =  3  3; 95% CI: 1  6-7  0, P  <  0  001). WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: The presence of dosage @entity1 in the manual prescriptions written within mixed prescription systems suggests that manual prescriptions should be totally avoided in neonatal units.

title: Frequency of dosage prescribing medication errors associated with manual prescriptions for very preterm XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To review outcomes of the treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the penis at a large supra-regional @entity1 network, where centralisation has permitted greater experience with treatment outcomes, and suggest treatment strategies. @entity0 AND METHODS: The network @entity1 database, which details presentation, treatment and complications was analysed from 2003 to 2010, identifying @entity0 with @entity3 , with a minimum follow-up of 2 years, looking at treatments administered and outcomes. RESULTS: In all, 57 @entity0 with mean (range) age of 61 (34-91) years were identified. In all, 18 were treated by circumcision only, 20 by circumcision and local excision (LE) and 19 by circumcision and 5-flurouracil ( @entity2 ). The mean (range) follow-up was 3.5 (2-8) years. Of those treated by circumcision none subsequently developed @entity3 on the glans. For those who underwent circumcision + LE, five of 20 (25%) developed recurrence requiring further treatment. Of those treated by circumcision + @entity2 , 14/19 (73.7%) completely responded. Of the five incomplete responders, two had focal invasive @entity1 at repeat biopsy. One incomplete responder underwent glansectomy and four grafting. No complete responders relapsed. Complications of @entity2 included significant inflammatory response in seven (36.8%), with two requiring hospital admission and one neo-phimosis (5.3%). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that @entity0 undergoing circumcision for isolated @entity3 and complete responders to @entity2 may require only short-term follow-up, as recurrence is unlikely, whereas longer follow up is required for all other @entity0 . However, numbers in this study are small and larger studies are needed to support this. An incomplete response to @entity2 dictates immediate re-biopsy, as it carries a significant chance of previously undetected invasive disease.

title: The treatment of penile XXXX ( @entity3 ) within a UK supra-regional network.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To review outcomes of the treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the penis at a large supra-regional @entity1 network, where centralisation has permitted greater experience with treatment outcomes, and suggest treatment strategies. @entity0 AND METHODS: The network @entity1 database, which details presentation, treatment and complications was analysed from 2003 to 2010, identifying @entity0 with @entity3 , with a minimum follow-up of 2 years, looking at treatments administered and outcomes. RESULTS: In all, 57 @entity0 with mean (range) age of 61 (34-91) years were identified. In all, 18 were treated by circumcision only, 20 by circumcision and local excision (LE) and 19 by circumcision and 5-flurouracil ( @entity2 ). The mean (range) follow-up was 3.5 (2-8) years. Of those treated by circumcision none subsequently developed @entity3 on the glans. For those who underwent circumcision + LE, five of 20 (25%) developed recurrence requiring further treatment. Of those treated by circumcision + @entity2 , 14/19 (73.7%) completely responded. Of the five incomplete responders, two had focal invasive @entity1 at repeat biopsy. One incomplete responder underwent glansectomy and four grafting. No complete responders relapsed. Complications of @entity2 included significant inflammatory response in seven (36.8%), with two requiring hospital admission and one neo-phimosis (5.3%). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that @entity0 undergoing circumcision for isolated @entity3 and complete responders to @entity2 may require only short-term follow-up, as recurrence is unlikely, whereas longer follow up is required for all other @entity0 . However, numbers in this study are small and larger studies are needed to support this. An incomplete response to @entity2 dictates immediate re-biopsy, as it carries a significant chance of previously undetected invasive disease.

title: The treatment of penile @entity3 ( XXXX ) within a UK supra-regional network.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We investigated whether the @entity3 @entity5 polymorphism is associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), infiltrating @entity0 (IDBC), and/or clinical-pathological features of IDBC in Mexican @entity1 . Samples from @entity1 who received surgical treatment in 2007 at the Centro M  dico de Occidente (M  xico) were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphisms in 64 @entity2 -embedded breast samples with IDBC, 64 samples with @entity4 , and 183 peripheral blood samples of healthy females designated as the healthy group (HG). The frequency of the T allele was 41, 45, and 52% for the @entity4 , IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Significant differences were only found between the @entity4 and HG samples [odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.43-0.96; P = 0.032]. The prevalence of the T/T genotype was 8, 13, and 24% for @entity4 , IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Again, statistical differences were only found between @entity4 and HG samples for the T/T genotype (OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.106-0.77; P = 0.009). Although the T allele and the T/T genotype were less frequent in the IDBC group than in the HG, the differences were not significant. Furthermore, no associations were found between the @entity5 polymorphism and clinical-pathological features of the IDBC group. Both the @entity4 and IDBC groups had a high frequency of the C allele relative to the HG in this sample of @entity1 from Western Mexico.

title: @entity3 @entity5 polymorphism in Mexican @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We investigated whether the @entity3 @entity5 polymorphism is associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), infiltrating @entity0 (IDBC), and/or clinical-pathological features of IDBC in Mexican @entity1 . Samples from @entity1 who received surgical treatment in 2007 at the Centro M  dico de Occidente (M  xico) were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphisms in 64 @entity2 -embedded breast samples with IDBC, 64 samples with @entity4 , and 183 peripheral blood samples of healthy females designated as the healthy group (HG). The frequency of the T allele was 41, 45, and 52% for the @entity4 , IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Significant differences were only found between the @entity4 and HG samples [odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.43-0.96; P = 0.032]. The prevalence of the T/T genotype was 8, 13, and 24% for @entity4 , IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Again, statistical differences were only found between @entity4 and HG samples for the T/T genotype (OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.106-0.77; P = 0.009). Although the T allele and the T/T genotype were less frequent in the IDBC group than in the HG, the differences were not significant. Furthermore, no associations were found between the @entity5 polymorphism and clinical-pathological features of the IDBC group. Both the @entity4 and IDBC groups had a high frequency of the C allele relative to the HG in this sample of @entity1 from Western Mexico.

title: XXXX @entity5 polymorphism in Mexican @entity1 with @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: We investigated whether the @entity3 @entity5 polymorphism is associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), infiltrating @entity0 (IDBC), and/or clinical-pathological features of IDBC in Mexican @entity1 . Samples from @entity1 who received surgical treatment in 2007 at the Centro M  dico de Occidente (M  xico) were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphisms in 64 @entity2 -embedded breast samples with IDBC, 64 samples with @entity4 , and 183 peripheral blood samples of healthy females designated as the healthy group (HG). The frequency of the T allele was 41, 45, and 52% for the @entity4 , IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Significant differences were only found between the @entity4 and HG samples [odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.43-0.96; P = 0.032]. The prevalence of the T/T genotype was 8, 13, and 24% for @entity4 , IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Again, statistical differences were only found between @entity4 and HG samples for the T/T genotype (OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.106-0.77; P = 0.009). Although the T allele and the T/T genotype were less frequent in the IDBC group than in the HG, the differences were not significant. Furthermore, no associations were found between the @entity5 polymorphism and clinical-pathological features of the IDBC group. Both the @entity4 and IDBC groups had a high frequency of the C allele relative to the HG in this sample of @entity1 from Western Mexico.

title: @entity3 XXXX polymorphism in Mexican @entity1 with @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: We investigated whether the @entity3 @entity5 polymorphism is associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), infiltrating @entity0 (IDBC), and/or clinical-pathological features of IDBC in Mexican @entity1 . Samples from @entity1 who received surgical treatment in 2007 at the Centro M  dico de Occidente (M  xico) were included in the analysis. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphisms in 64 @entity2 -embedded breast samples with IDBC, 64 samples with @entity4 , and 183 peripheral blood samples of healthy females designated as the healthy group (HG). The frequency of the T allele was 41, 45, and 52% for the @entity4 , IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Significant differences were only found between the @entity4 and HG samples [odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.43-0.96; P = 0.032]. The prevalence of the T/T genotype was 8, 13, and 24% for @entity4 , IDBC, and HG samples, respectively. Again, statistical differences were only found between @entity4 and HG samples for the T/T genotype (OR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.106-0.77; P = 0.009). Although the T allele and the T/T genotype were less frequent in the IDBC group than in the HG, the differences were not significant. Furthermore, no associations were found between the @entity5 polymorphism and clinical-pathological features of the IDBC group. Both the @entity4 and IDBC groups had a high frequency of the C allele relative to the HG in this sample of @entity1 from Western Mexico.

title: @entity3 @entity5 polymorphism in Mexican XXXX with @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: IgG4-related @entity6 and @entity7 (IgG4-DS) is characterized by serum IgG4 elevation and the infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in glandular tissues. For definitive diagnosis of IgG4-DS, biopsies of @entity2 are recommended to exclude @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity1 , and similar disorders. In this study, we examined the diagnostic utility of submandibular gland (SMG) and labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsies in IgG4-DS. Fourteen @entity0 presenting with swelling of the SMG (eight females and six males) underwent both SMG and LSG biopsies. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SMG biopsies were all 100.0%. In contrast, those of LSG biopsies were 69.2%, 100.0%, and 71.4%, respectively. Thirty-three out of 61 LSG biopsies (54.1%) from all 14 @entity0 were positive for the diagnostic criteria of IgG4-DS (IgG4-positive/IgG-positive plasma cells >0.4). None of the @entity0 experienced complications such as @entity5 , sialocele, or hyposalivation. The IgG4/IgG ratio showed no significant correlation between the LSG and SMG. The final diagnosis was IgG4-DS in 13 @entity0 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in one. These results suggest that incisional biopsy of the SMG is useful and appropriate for the definitive diagnosis of IgG4-DS, while diagnosis by LSG biopsy alone requires more caution.

title: The diagnostic utility of biopsies from the submandibular and labial salivary glands in IgG4-related XXXX and @entity7 , so-called Mikulicz's disease.

answer: @entity6


abstract: IgG4-related @entity6 and @entity7 (IgG4-DS) is characterized by serum IgG4 elevation and the infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in glandular tissues. For definitive diagnosis of IgG4-DS, biopsies of @entity2 are recommended to exclude @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity1 , and similar disorders. In this study, we examined the diagnostic utility of submandibular gland (SMG) and labial salivary gland (LSG) biopsies in IgG4-DS. Fourteen @entity0 presenting with swelling of the SMG (eight females and six males) underwent both SMG and LSG biopsies. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SMG biopsies were all 100.0%. In contrast, those of LSG biopsies were 69.2%, 100.0%, and 71.4%, respectively. Thirty-three out of 61 LSG biopsies (54.1%) from all 14 @entity0 were positive for the diagnostic criteria of IgG4-DS (IgG4-positive/IgG-positive plasma cells >0.4). None of the @entity0 experienced complications such as @entity5 , sialocele, or hyposalivation. The IgG4/IgG ratio showed no significant correlation between the LSG and SMG. The final diagnosis was IgG4-DS in 13 @entity0 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in one. These results suggest that incisional biopsy of the SMG is useful and appropriate for the definitive diagnosis of IgG4-DS, while diagnosis by LSG biopsy alone requires more caution.

title: The diagnostic utility of biopsies from the submandibular and labial salivary glands in IgG4-related @entity6 and XXXX , so-called Mikulicz's disease.

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the correlation between the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and wide-field fundus autofluorescence (FAF) in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). DESIGN: Retrospective, observational, consecutive case series. METHODS: Twenty-four eyes of 12 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 were enrolled. The VFs measured by Goldmann perimetry and wide-field FAF images were compared for each eye. The relationship between the areas of hypoautofluorescence on the wide-field FAF images and @entity3 on Goldmann perimetry were evaluated. The @entity1 and FAF images in the central 60 degrees were trimmed and superimposed to calculate the percentage agreement between the hypoautofluorescence and the @entity3 and between the isoautofluorescence and hyperautofluorescence and the remaining VFs. RESULTS: The areas of hypoautofluorescence on the FAF images were correlated significantly (R  = 0.86, P < .001) with the areas of the @entity1 on Goldmann perimetry. The mean percentage agreement between the hypoautofluorescence and the @entity3 was 91.0%    7.7% and that of the isoautofluorescence and hyperautofluorescence with the remaining VFs was 84.5%    7.4%. The areas of geographic hypoautofluorescence with or without hyperautofluorescent bands reflected the @entity1 , while nummular or mottled hypoautofluorescence without @entity1 was seen in 7 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that wide-field FAF imaging is useful to evaluate the remaining retinal function in @entity0 with @entity4 . Abnormal fundus autofluorescence precedes @entity2 and is helpful for monitoring disease progression.

title: Wide-Field Fundus Autofluorescence Imaging to Evaluate Retinal Function in @entity0 With XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the correlation between the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and wide-field fundus autofluorescence (FAF) in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). DESIGN: Retrospective, observational, consecutive case series. METHODS: Twenty-four eyes of 12 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 were enrolled. The VFs measured by Goldmann perimetry and wide-field FAF images were compared for each eye. The relationship between the areas of hypoautofluorescence on the wide-field FAF images and @entity3 on Goldmann perimetry were evaluated. The @entity1 and FAF images in the central 60 degrees were trimmed and superimposed to calculate the percentage agreement between the hypoautofluorescence and the @entity3 and between the isoautofluorescence and hyperautofluorescence and the remaining VFs. RESULTS: The areas of hypoautofluorescence on the FAF images were correlated significantly (R  = 0.86, P < .001) with the areas of the @entity1 on Goldmann perimetry. The mean percentage agreement between the hypoautofluorescence and the @entity3 was 91.0%    7.7% and that of the isoautofluorescence and hyperautofluorescence with the remaining VFs was 84.5%    7.4%. The areas of geographic hypoautofluorescence with or without hyperautofluorescent bands reflected the @entity1 , while nummular or mottled hypoautofluorescence without @entity1 was seen in 7 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that wide-field FAF imaging is useful to evaluate the remaining retinal function in @entity0 with @entity4 . Abnormal fundus autofluorescence precedes @entity2 and is helpful for monitoring disease progression.

title: Wide-Field Fundus Autofluorescence Imaging to Evaluate Retinal Function in XXXX With @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 in @entity0 is extremely rare. Here we present a female @entity0 with a mature cystic @entity2 of the pancreatic body. The @entity0 was admitted for a palpable abdominal mass and @entity3 . Computed tomography (CT) indicated a huge @entity5 in the abdominal cavity. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, and the @entity1 was excised completely. Pathology confirmed the @entity1 was a mature cystic @entity2 of pancreatic origin. Two months after the initial surgery, a pseudocyst was detected and then cystojejunostomy was performed. Fourteen months after the second surgery, @entity1 relapse occurred and distal pancreatectomy was performed. The @entity0 remained well without @entity1 recurrence during the next 24 months of follow-up. Our experience suggests that clinical manifestations of @entity0 with @entity4 might be nonspecific and preoperative diagnosis is difficult. @entity1 resection and maximized preservation of healthy pancreatic tissue should always be balanced in surgical treatment.

title: XXXX of the pancreas: clinical presentation, evaluation and management.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the outcomes of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 )-related impingement. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 37 consecutive @entity0 (40 hips; 19 male and 18 female @entity0 ; age range, 10 to 19  years) with @entity4 who underwent hip arthroscopy for femoral neck osteoplasty over a 4-year period. Six hips were excluded because of the severity of the slip or conversion to an open procedure. The preoperative and postoperative slip angle, alpha angle, and internal rotation in flexion were compared. @entity0 were evaluated for @entity1 , functional limitations, and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) at each follow-up visit. The mean follow-up period was 22  months (range, 12 to 56  months). RESULTS: We analyzed the results of 34 hips. Adequate distraction could not be obtained initially in 7 hips. The labral and acetabular cartilage damage appeared to be from crushing and abrasion from the bony prominence of the neck. The goals of complete @entity1 relief and correction of @entity2 were achieved in 88% of the hips. @entity2 and @entity1 persisted in 2 hips, and 2 @entity0 had residual @entity1 despite good motion. There was a statistically significant improvement in alpha angle (from 88.22   and 56.91  , P < .0001) and internal rotation in flexion (from  -21.53   to 10.28  , P < .0001) with intervention. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is effective in decreasing @entity1 , the alpha angle, and @entity2 in mild to moderate @entity4 . @entity5 , scarring from previous surgery, and the presence of screws in the anterior neck presented challenges to the arthroscopic technique. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic case series.

title: XXXX in @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the outcomes of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 )-related impingement. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 37 consecutive @entity0 (40 hips; 19 male and 18 female @entity0 ; age range, 10 to 19  years) with @entity4 who underwent hip arthroscopy for femoral neck osteoplasty over a 4-year period. Six hips were excluded because of the severity of the slip or conversion to an open procedure. The preoperative and postoperative slip angle, alpha angle, and internal rotation in flexion were compared. @entity0 were evaluated for @entity1 , functional limitations, and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) at each follow-up visit. The mean follow-up period was 22  months (range, 12 to 56  months). RESULTS: We analyzed the results of 34 hips. Adequate distraction could not be obtained initially in 7 hips. The labral and acetabular cartilage damage appeared to be from crushing and abrasion from the bony prominence of the neck. The goals of complete @entity1 relief and correction of @entity2 were achieved in 88% of the hips. @entity2 and @entity1 persisted in 2 hips, and 2 @entity0 had residual @entity1 despite good motion. There was a statistically significant improvement in alpha angle (from 88.22   and 56.91  , P < .0001) and internal rotation in flexion (from  -21.53   to 10.28  , P < .0001) with intervention. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is effective in decreasing @entity1 , the alpha angle, and @entity2 in mild to moderate @entity4 . @entity5 , scarring from previous surgery, and the presence of screws in the anterior neck presented challenges to the arthroscopic technique. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic case series.

title: @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a common complication in older adults, particularly after total joint replacement (arthroplasty). @entity4 after surgery can result in slower mobility progression, longer hospital stay, and increased @entity0 distress. @entity3 has been shown to be a risk factor related to @entity4 ; however, there is limited evidence regarding @entity2 level, medication use, and @entity4 development in postoperative arthroplasty @entity0 . PURPOSE: To evaluate development of postoperative @entity4 and the current practice of @entity2 management for older adult @entity0 with hip or knee arthroplasty. METHODS: Two-month retrospective chart review of medical records at a large, Midwestern, private hospital. @entity2 assessments were performed on a regular basis using self-report 11-point Numeric Rating Scale (0-10). Opioid use was scored using an equianalgesic conversion chart. RESULTS: Ninety-eight @entity0 met inclusion criteria and 97 received treatment with opioids during the first 48 hours postoperatively. No @entity0 received opioid agents that are contraindicated in older adults. Thirty-three @entity0 had evidence in the medical record of @entity4 during the first 48 hours postoperatively. Lower equianalgesic dose was significant for increased age and increased @entity4 on postoperative day 1 (POD 1) and POD 2. @entity0 with higher equianalgesic scores were less likely to meet benchmark @entity2 scores less than 5 on POD 0, POD 1, and POD 2. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 receiving lower amounts of opioids in the first 48 hours after surgery were more likely to be confused on POD 1(p = .023) and POD 2 (p = .049).

title: @entity2 , opioids, and XXXX after arthroplasty in older adults.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a common complication in older adults, particularly after total joint replacement (arthroplasty). @entity4 after surgery can result in slower mobility progression, longer hospital stay, and increased @entity0 distress. @entity3 has been shown to be a risk factor related to @entity4 ; however, there is limited evidence regarding @entity2 level, medication use, and @entity4 development in postoperative arthroplasty @entity0 . PURPOSE: To evaluate development of postoperative @entity4 and the current practice of @entity2 management for older adult @entity0 with hip or knee arthroplasty. METHODS: Two-month retrospective chart review of medical records at a large, Midwestern, private hospital. @entity2 assessments were performed on a regular basis using self-report 11-point Numeric Rating Scale (0-10). Opioid use was scored using an equianalgesic conversion chart. RESULTS: Ninety-eight @entity0 met inclusion criteria and 97 received treatment with opioids during the first 48 hours postoperatively. No @entity0 received opioid agents that are contraindicated in older adults. Thirty-three @entity0 had evidence in the medical record of @entity4 during the first 48 hours postoperatively. Lower equianalgesic dose was significant for increased age and increased @entity4 on postoperative day 1 (POD 1) and POD 2. @entity0 with higher equianalgesic scores were less likely to meet benchmark @entity2 scores less than 5 on POD 0, POD 1, and POD 2. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 receiving lower amounts of opioids in the first 48 hours after surgery were more likely to be confused on POD 1(p = .023) and POD 2 (p = .049).

title: XXXX , opioids, and @entity4 after arthroplasty in older adults.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Abstract The surgical management of @entity3 continues to evolve but recent literature has not qualified just how different current practice is compared with the previous @entity4 . This study aims to update the seminal paper by Rodkey and Welch regarding indications and operation types performed for @entity3 by comparing their findings with present practice at a community based institution. The charts of 407 @entity0 admitted with " @entity1 " between 2005 and 2010 were identified. For each admission, @entity0 ' demographics, presentations and management were recorded. Direct comparisons were made with results from the study by Rodkey and Welch. Of the 407 admissions studied, the distribution was 335 emergency and 72 elective. Medical management alone treated 90% of emergency admissions, while 4% required additional radiologic intervention. Emergency surgery was necessary in only 6% of cases with Hartmann's procedure being the most common procedure. Recurrent @entity3 was a prime indication for elective surgery with 96% of cases undergoing a 1-staged procedure. Compared with the previous @entity4 , the nonoperative approach to managing @entity2 is now applied for the vast majority of admissions. Improved success in medically temporizing @entity0 in the present @entity4 has allowed for a higher percentage of successful single-staged elective surgeries.

title: Surgery for XXXX : a re-evaluation of the changing trends.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of the paraclinical tests in @entity0 presenting with clinical diagnosis of cervicogenic dizziness. STUDY DESIGN: Case controlled. SETTING: Otolaryngology clinic of a tertiary referral hospital center. @entity0 : Twenty-five subjects with cervicogenic dizziness and 25 subjects with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Symptoms description, @entity4 Handicap Inventory-short form (DHI), Trait @entity1 score, cervical joint position error, the smooth pursuit neck torsion and cervical torsion tests on videonystagmography, and standing balance test (timed 10-meter walk with head turns). RESULTS: The results showed differences in reported symptoms, in mean cervical joint position error (p = 0.001), and cervical torsion test (p = 0.001) between the two groups. There was no between-group difference for DHI scores (p = 0.137), trait @entity1 scores (p = 0.240), and walking test: time (p = 0.797), steps (p = 0.963). The Youden index is 0.60 for the predictive value of the cervical joint position error, and the smooth pursuit and the cervical torsion tests. CONCLUSION: This study showed differences in sensorimotor disturbances between the two groups, particularly in the control of @entity5 and cervical proprioception. @entity0 with cervicogenic dizziness were more likely to (1) have a sensation of @entity7 and lightheadedness, (2) have @entity2 induced during the physical examination of the upper cervical vertebrae, (3) have an @entity6 .5 degrees during the cervical relocation test, and (4) exhibit more than 2 degrees per second @entity3 during the cervical rotation test. The walking test was not able to differentiate the two groups.

title: Evaluation of Paraclinical Tests in the Diagnosis of Cervicogenic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is the most common @entity3 of @entity10 . The association between history of @entity10 and @entity1 remains unclear. We sought to determine whether history of @entity8 is a @entity7 risk factor in @entity0 with @entity6 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity6 seen in an academic institution between 2000 and 2010 were identified and followed-up. Clinical events ( @entity1 , @entity4 , all-cause @entity2 ) were recorded and related to @entity8 . Associations were examined in time-dependent models with adjustment for relevant confounders. RESULTS: Among 8962 @entity0 , 141 @entity0 had a history of @entity10 , 540 had a history of @entity9 , and 8271 had no @entity8 . Mean follow-up was 929  1082 days. A total of 715 @entity1 /systemic @entity5 were recorded, with no significant difference in the rates of these events in @entity0 with a history of @entity8 versus those without thyroid problems in either univariate or multivariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41-1.76 for @entity10 ; HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.73-1.34 for @entity9 ). There were 791 @entity4 events; history of @entity9 was independently related to a higher rate of @entity4 events (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.02-1.79). No significant difference between the 3 groups was observed for the incidence of @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: History of @entity10 was not an independent risk factor for @entity1 in @entity6 whereas @entity9 was associated with a higher risk of @entity4 events. These data suggest no additional benefit from the inclusion of @entity8 in @entity7 models in @entity6 .

title: History of @entity8 in Relation to Clinical Outcomes in XXXX : A Cohort Study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is the most common @entity3 of @entity10 . The association between history of @entity10 and @entity1 remains unclear. We sought to determine whether history of @entity8 is a @entity7 risk factor in @entity0 with @entity6 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity6 seen in an academic institution between 2000 and 2010 were identified and followed-up. Clinical events ( @entity1 , @entity4 , all-cause @entity2 ) were recorded and related to @entity8 . Associations were examined in time-dependent models with adjustment for relevant confounders. RESULTS: Among 8962 @entity0 , 141 @entity0 had a history of @entity10 , 540 had a history of @entity9 , and 8271 had no @entity8 . Mean follow-up was 929  1082 days. A total of 715 @entity1 /systemic @entity5 were recorded, with no significant difference in the rates of these events in @entity0 with a history of @entity8 versus those without thyroid problems in either univariate or multivariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41-1.76 for @entity10 ; HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.73-1.34 for @entity9 ). There were 791 @entity4 events; history of @entity9 was independently related to a higher rate of @entity4 events (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.02-1.79). No significant difference between the 3 groups was observed for the incidence of @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: History of @entity10 was not an independent risk factor for @entity1 in @entity6 whereas @entity9 was associated with a higher risk of @entity4 events. These data suggest no additional benefit from the inclusion of @entity8 in @entity7 models in @entity6 .

title: History of XXXX in Relation to Clinical Outcomes in @entity6 : A Cohort Study.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The description of emission processes of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) from building products requires a detailed understanding of the material and the air flow conditions at the surface boundary. The mass flux between the surface of the material and air depends on the mass transfer coefficient (hm) through the boundary layer, the gas phase concentration of the target compound immediately adjacent to the material (y0), and the gas-phase concentration in bulk air (y(t)). In the present study emission experiments were performed in two chambers of quite different sizes (0.25 m(3) and 55 m(3)), and, in the larger chamber, at two different temperatures (23  C and 30  C). The emitting material was latex wall paint that had been doped with two plasticizers, @entity5 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity4 ). The @entity0 content in the paint was varied in the small chamber experiment to evaluate the impact of the initial concentration in the bulk material (C0) on the emission rate. Boundary layer theory was applied to calculate hm for the specific phthalates from the Sherwood number (Sh) and the diffusion coefficient (Dair). Then y0 was determined based on the bulk gas-phase concentration at steady state (y  ). For both, DEP and @entity4 , the y0 obtained was lower than the respective saturation vapor pressure (Ps). Furthermore, for both @entity1 in latex paint, the material/air partition coefficient (C0/y0) was close in value to the octanol/air partition coefficient (KOA). This study provides a basis for designing @entity0 emitting reference materials that mimic the emission behavior of common building materials.

title: Latex paint as a delivery vehicle for XXXX and @entity3 : predictable boundary layer concentrations and emission rates.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The description of emission processes of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) from building products requires a detailed understanding of the material and the air flow conditions at the surface boundary. The mass flux between the surface of the material and air depends on the mass transfer coefficient (hm) through the boundary layer, the gas phase concentration of the target compound immediately adjacent to the material (y0), and the gas-phase concentration in bulk air (y(t)). In the present study emission experiments were performed in two chambers of quite different sizes (0.25 m(3) and 55 m(3)), and, in the larger chamber, at two different temperatures (23  C and 30  C). The emitting material was latex wall paint that had been doped with two plasticizers, @entity5 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity4 ). The @entity0 content in the paint was varied in the small chamber experiment to evaluate the impact of the initial concentration in the bulk material (C0) on the emission rate. Boundary layer theory was applied to calculate hm for the specific phthalates from the Sherwood number (Sh) and the diffusion coefficient (Dair). Then y0 was determined based on the bulk gas-phase concentration at steady state (y  ). For both, DEP and @entity4 , the y0 obtained was lower than the respective saturation vapor pressure (Ps). Furthermore, for both @entity1 in latex paint, the material/air partition coefficient (C0/y0) was close in value to the octanol/air partition coefficient (KOA). This study provides a basis for designing @entity0 emitting reference materials that mimic the emission behavior of common building materials.

title: Latex paint as a delivery vehicle for @entity5 and XXXX : predictable boundary layer concentrations and emission rates.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the methods and therapeutic effects of trans-fibular anterior-lateral approach combined with external fixation in the treatment of @entity1 . METHODS: From 2007 to 2010,9 @entity0 including 7 males and 2 females with the mean age of 40 years(ranging from 29 to 51 years). All @entity0 received internal fixation of fibula after debridement on the first phase, external fixator were used to fix tibia across ankle joint, and removed after successful skin graft; The second phase tibia was used to fix through the lateral incision used in phase I. Early functional exercise was encouraged ,the union condition and functional results of the ankle joint was evealuated. The criteria of the AOFAS Foot and Ankle Surgery was used to evaluate the effects. RESULTS: All @entity0 were followed up,and the duration ranged for 8 to 37 months(averaged 21 months). Nine @entity0 were achieved bony union, the average healing time was 24 weeks. No plate @entity2 was found. According to the AOFAS Foot and Ankle Surgery evaluation system, 3 cases got excellent results, 4 good cases and 2 fair. CONCLUSION: Trans-fibular anterior-lateral approach combined with external fixation for @entity1 can receive satisfactory reset, debond ankle joint eralier and imporove the clinical effects.

title: [Treatment of XXXX through trans-fibular anterior-lateral approach].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare therapeutic effects between suspine rotation and flexion manipulation for treating @entity2 . METHODS: From December 2008 to January 2011, 134 @entity0 with @entity2 were treated, including 74 males and 60 females,ranging in age from 17 to 67 years,33 @entity0 with age over 50 years old. According to diagnosis the ladder of the 9 cases bulging type, 74 hernia type, 51 cases free type. The @entity0 were randomly divided into treatment group ( 69 cases) and control group (65 cases). All the @entity0 were treated with the three-dimensional computer-controlled traction therapeutic apparatus,with continued traction for 20 minutes. After traction, flexion manipulation and rotat-ing manipulation were respectively adopted in treatment group and control group (on alternate days one time, 3 times as a course of treatment). The symptoms and signs (including back @entity1 and discomfort, lower limb @entity1 and @entity3 , powerless urination and defecation, @entity3 in perineum, straight-leg raising degree,ability of lower extremity walking,work and live) of @entity0 were observed after treatment. RESULTS: All @entity0 were followed up for 0.5 to 6 months with an average of 1.1 months. After treatment, the symptoms and signs of @entity0 have significantly improved (P < 0.01), but the symptomes of powerless urination and defecation, @entity3 in perineum was not improved obviously (P>0.05). Forty-two of 69 @entity0 in treatment group got excellent result, moderate in 20, poor in 7; Twenty of 65 @entity0 in control group got excellent result, moderate in 25,poor in 20. CONCLUSION: The whole effect of lumbar backwards rotation manipulation is more satisfactory than flexsion manipulation for treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation. But spinning force and times should be noticed.

title: [Case-control study on suspine rotation manipulation for the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore significance of preoperative @entity10 ( @entity10 ) for screening @entity9 in @entity11 . METHODS: From January 2009 to December 2011, 1200 @entity0 with @entity11 caused by @entity4 were respectively analyzed. There were 833 males and 367 females,ranging from 20 to 78 (mean 41.94 +/- 15.41) years. All @entity0 had @entity1 and @entity5 in injured limbs when enrolled. @entity10 was used to examine upper limbs vein at 3 to 10 d after improvement of @entity1 , 1 day before reduction. Relationship among occurrence of @entity8 , gender, age and @entity6 sites were analyzed. @entity0 with @entity13 were analyzed with respective study to decide whether combined with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity7 . RESULTS: All @entity0 were checked by @entity10 ,which confirmed 9 cases with @entity13 . The rate of @entity8 was 0.75%, @entity0 than @entity0 (P < 0.01). The risk of @entity12 occurred over 30 years, and the occurrence of @entity8 in humerus @entity6 was higher than radius ulnar @entity6 . One of 9 @entity0 combined with @entity3 and @entity7 , 1 case combined with @entity2 , and 7 cases with no complication. CONCLUSION: Upper @entity6 may occur @entity9 ; @entity10 should be used to check @entity13 in qualified hospital,which can maintain medical safety,decrease occurrence of medical disputes, and ganrantee @entity0 's safety.

title: [Significance of preoperative color doppler flow imaging for screening XXXX in @entity11 ].

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore significance of preoperative @entity10 ( @entity10 ) for screening @entity9 in @entity11 . METHODS: From January 2009 to December 2011, 1200 @entity0 with @entity11 caused by @entity4 were respectively analyzed. There were 833 males and 367 females,ranging from 20 to 78 (mean 41.94 +/- 15.41) years. All @entity0 had @entity1 and @entity5 in injured limbs when enrolled. @entity10 was used to examine upper limbs vein at 3 to 10 d after improvement of @entity1 , 1 day before reduction. Relationship among occurrence of @entity8 , gender, age and @entity6 sites were analyzed. @entity0 with @entity13 were analyzed with respective study to decide whether combined with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity7 . RESULTS: All @entity0 were checked by @entity10 ,which confirmed 9 cases with @entity13 . The rate of @entity8 was 0.75%, @entity0 than @entity0 (P < 0.01). The risk of @entity12 occurred over 30 years, and the occurrence of @entity8 in humerus @entity6 was higher than radius ulnar @entity6 . One of 9 @entity0 combined with @entity3 and @entity7 , 1 case combined with @entity2 , and 7 cases with no complication. CONCLUSION: Upper @entity6 may occur @entity9 ; @entity10 should be used to check @entity13 in qualified hospital,which can maintain medical safety,decrease occurrence of medical disputes, and ganrantee @entity0 's safety.

title: [Significance of preoperative color doppler flow imaging for screening @entity9 in XXXX ].

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: Modifications to @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are aimed at decreasing abdominal wall trauma and improving cosmetic outcome. Although @entity1 ( @entity1 ) provides excellent cosmetic results, the procedure is technically challenging and expensive compared to the conventional laparoscopic approach. OBJECTIVES: To describe a novel, hybrid technique combining @entity1 and conventional laparoscopy using minimal abdominal wall incisions. METHODS: Fifty @entity0 diagnosed with symptomatic @entity2 were operated using two reusable 5 mm trocars inserted through a single 15 mm umbilical incision and a single 2-3 mm epigastric port. This technique was clubbed "minimal incision laparoscopic @entity3 " (MILC). RESULTS: MILC was completed in 49 @entity0 (98%). In five @entity0 an additional 3 mm trocar was used and in 2 @entity0 the epigastric trocar was switched to a 5 mmtrocar. The procedure was converted to @entity3 in one @entity0 . Mean operative time was 29 minutes (range 18-60) and the average postoperative hospital stay was 22 hours (range 6-50). There were no postoperative complications and the cosmetic results were rated excellent by the @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: MILC is an intuitive, easy-to-learn and reproducible technique and requires small changes from @entity3 . As such, MILC may be an attractive alternative, avoiding the cost and complexity drawbacks associated with @entity1 .

title: Advantages of minimal incision laparoscopic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Multidisciplinary management of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has achieved outstanding results in developed nations. We aimed to describe the status of diagnosis and management of @entity4 in a developing country through the experience of non-profit organizations. METHODS: A Multistate, multiple-source, population-based survey was performed from medical records of 432 @entity0 . Data were retrospectively collected, reviewed and curated by health specialists; including clinical features, age at first symptoms, age at diagnosis, disease progression and management, family history, education, age and cause of @entity3 . RESULTS: There is a delay in noticing first symptoms and it did not diminish over the past 20 years. Less than 30% of @entity0 obtained definite diagnosis and most of them are in physiotherapy programs but not under @entity2 treatment. In our study, family history does not anticipate recognition of symptoms compared to sporadic cases (p = 0.05). Approximately 93.33% of our @entity0 attended to education programs. Mean age at @entity3 was 18.94 +/- 6.73 years and the most frequent cause was @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Delayed diagnosis of @entity4 in Mexico is mainly caused by the late detection of first symptoms. There is no difference in early detection of symptoms between familiar and sporadic cases. Lifespan of @entity0 in our cohort is reduced compared to developed countries. The late diagnosis and low percentage of definite cases may affect @entity0 management and genetic counseling and could also preclude participation of @entity0 into novel clinical trials.

title: XXXX in a developing country: challenges in management and genetic counseling.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity5 to peanuts and nuts is an actual problem of practical health care, associated with significant prevalence of this disease, severe clinical symptoms and difficulty of diet organization. Purpose of the study--to study the prevalence of @entity5 to peanut and hazelnut in Russian @entity0 , the investigation of clinical characteristics of this disease, and the mechanisms of sensitization to allergen components. The cross-sectional study was performed in the framework of the EuroPrevall (No FP6-2006-TTC-TU-5 Proposal 045879). The first stage was performed in random samples of primary schoolchildren aged 7-10 years (n = 13 010) from the Tomsk Region, Russia using a standardized questionnaire. The case-control sample was recruited for the second stage (n = 1288). Thus who reported adverse reactions to food in the screening stage were considered as cases (n = 652), @entity0 without reported reactions were controls (n = 636). The case-control stage included the completion of a clinical questionnaire, skin-prick test (ALK-Abelly, Spain), serum specific IgE measurement and component-resolved diagnostic: IgE measurement of allergen components of peanut (Ara h1, Ara h26, Ara h34, Ara h8), hazelnut (Cor a1, Cor a8, Cor a11) and birch allergen @entity4 v1 (ImmunoCAP, Phadia, Sweden). The prevalence of @entity5 to peanut and hazelnut in @entity0 aged 7-10 years in the Tomsk region is 0.08 and 0.09%, respectively. The manifestation of the @entity5 to nuts occurs in the preschool years, main reactions associated with @entity2 to nuts were @entity2 (75-80%), @entity1 (60-80%) and @entity3 (20-50%). Sensitization to birch is significantly correlated with the level of specific IgE to hazelnut (r = 0.53, p < 0.05) and peanut (r = 0.56, p < 0.05). Sensitization to heat-labile proteins peanut Ara h8 (12.3%) and hazelnut Cor a1 (8.8%) (homologues of @entity4 v1) dominates in the sample of @entity0 with food sensitization, that determines the cross-reactivity mechanism in the formation of food sensitization in the studied sample. The prevalence of @entity2 to peanut and hazelnut in Russia is much lower than in Europe and North America. Sensitization to these foods develops by the mechanism of cross-reactivity with birch pollen allergen. This type of sensitization determines mild clinical symptoms of @entity2 to hazelnut and peanut.

title: [The prevalence of XXXX to peanut and hazelnut in @entity0 in Tomsk Region].

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 to peanuts and nuts is an actual problem of practical health care, associated with significant prevalence of this disease, severe clinical symptoms and difficulty of diet organization. Purpose of the study--to study the prevalence of @entity5 to peanut and hazelnut in Russian @entity0 , the investigation of clinical characteristics of this disease, and the mechanisms of sensitization to allergen components. The cross-sectional study was performed in the framework of the EuroPrevall (No FP6-2006-TTC-TU-5 Proposal 045879). The first stage was performed in random samples of primary schoolchildren aged 7-10 years (n = 13 010) from the Tomsk Region, Russia using a standardized questionnaire. The case-control sample was recruited for the second stage (n = 1288). Thus who reported adverse reactions to food in the screening stage were considered as cases (n = 652), @entity0 without reported reactions were controls (n = 636). The case-control stage included the completion of a clinical questionnaire, skin-prick test (ALK-Abelly, Spain), serum specific IgE measurement and component-resolved diagnostic: IgE measurement of allergen components of peanut (Ara h1, Ara h26, Ara h34, Ara h8), hazelnut (Cor a1, Cor a8, Cor a11) and birch allergen @entity4 v1 (ImmunoCAP, Phadia, Sweden). The prevalence of @entity5 to peanut and hazelnut in @entity0 aged 7-10 years in the Tomsk region is 0.08 and 0.09%, respectively. The manifestation of the @entity5 to nuts occurs in the preschool years, main reactions associated with @entity2 to nuts were @entity2 (75-80%), @entity1 (60-80%) and @entity3 (20-50%). Sensitization to birch is significantly correlated with the level of specific IgE to hazelnut (r = 0.53, p < 0.05) and peanut (r = 0.56, p < 0.05). Sensitization to heat-labile proteins peanut Ara h8 (12.3%) and hazelnut Cor a1 (8.8%) (homologues of @entity4 v1) dominates in the sample of @entity0 with food sensitization, that determines the cross-reactivity mechanism in the formation of food sensitization in the studied sample. The prevalence of @entity2 to peanut and hazelnut in Russia is much lower than in Europe and North America. Sensitization to these foods develops by the mechanism of cross-reactivity with birch pollen allergen. This type of sensitization determines mild clinical symptoms of @entity2 to hazelnut and peanut.

title: [The prevalence of @entity5 to peanut and hazelnut in XXXX in Tomsk Region].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Offspring of long-lived parents have a low prevalence of @entity1 in middle age. The purposes of this study were to investigate @entity2 scores in offspring as compared to controls and to determine the influence of cardiovascular risk factors. CT coronary artery @entity2 score was measured in offspring of long-lived families (n = 244, 125 males) and their partners (n = 223, 96 males) who served as controls. @entity2 scores were analyzed separately for sexes. Subjects were grouped by very low @entity2 score  <=10 and scores above 10. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test, chi-squared tests, and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between @entity2 scores, familial longevity, and cardiovascular risk factors. More offspring of long-lived parents had lower @entity2 scores than controls. In @entity0 , 34 % of offspring had score  <=10 versus 21 % of controls (odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.0, 1.08-3.7, p = 0.028). In @entity0 , 70 % of offspring had score  <=10 versus 54 % of controls ( @entity3 , 95 % CI 1.13-3.4, p = 0.019). Differences remained significant after correction for age ( @entity0 , p = 0.043 and @entity0 , p = 0.003) and further correction for major risk factors in @entity0 , indicating genetic influence for lower @entity2 scores. In @entity0 , the association was found to be influenced by cardiovascular risk factors. @entity0 and @entity0 with a familial propensity to become long-lived have lower coronary artery @entity2 scores than controls. Low scores may indicate a younger biologic arterial age associated with a low risk for incident @entity1 .

title: Low computed tomography coronary artery XXXX scores in familial longevity: the Leiden Longevity Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: Bronchial artery angiography with @entity3 has become a mainstay in the treatment of massive hemoptysis. Whereas the immediate success rate is high, the reported long-term success rate varies widely among different groups. We aimed to explore the long-term outcome and clinical predictors associated with recurrent @entity2 . METHODS: We reviewed the clinical characteristics, underlying etiologies, procedure details, and outcome of @entity4 performed for massive hemoptysis between 1999 and 2012. RESULTS: All 52 consecutive @entity0 treated by @entity4 during the study period were included. The major etiologies of massive hemoptysis were @entity5 (mostly post-infectious) in 53.8%, and primary and metastatic @entity1 in 30.8%. The immediate success rate was high (48/52; 92%). Of 45 @entity0 who survived more than 24 hours following @entity4 , recurrent @entity2 did not occur in 19 (42.2%) during a median follow-up period of 60 months (range 6-130 months). Bleeding recurred in 26 (57.7%); within 30 days in 15 (33.3%) and after 1 month in the other 11 (24.4%). The average time to onset of early and late repeat @entity2 was 2 and 506 days, respectively. @entity1 were associated with a high likelihood of late @entity2 recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchial artery @entity3 is an effective immediate treatment for massive hemoptysis. Because the @entity2 recurrence rate is high in @entity0 with @entity1 or @entity5 , surgery should be considered in these @entity0 following initial stabilization by @entity4 . For other underlying etiologies, the long-term outcome is excellent.

title: Bronchial artery XXXX for massive hemoptysis: Long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity3


abstract: IMPORTANCE: More than 300,000 @entity1 occur each year in the United States. Recent practice guidelines have advocated greater use of regional anesthesia for @entity1 surgery. OBJECTIVE: To test the association of regional (ie, @entity2 ) anesthesia vs general anesthesia with 30-day mortality and hospital length of stay after @entity1 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : We conducted a matched retrospective cohort study involving @entity0 50 years or older who were undergoing surgery for @entity1 at general acute care hospitals in New York State between July 1, 2004, and December 31, 2011. Our main analysis was a near-far instrumental variable match that paired @entity0 who lived at different distances from hospitals that specialized in regional or general anesthesia. Supplementary analyses included a within-hospital match that paired @entity0 within the same hospital and an across-hospital match that paired @entity0 at different hospitals. EXPOSURES: Spinal or epidural anesthesia; general anesthesia. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Thirty-day mortality and hospital length of stay. Because the distribution of length of stay had long tails, we characterized this outcome using the Huber M estimate with Huber weights, a robust estimator similar to a trimmed mean. RESULTS: Of 56,729 @entity0 , 15,904 (28%) received regional anesthesia and 40,825 (72%) received general anesthesia. Overall, 3032 @entity0 (5.3%) died. The M estimate of the length of stay was 6.2 days (95% CI, 6.2 to 6.2). The near-far matched analysis showed no significant difference in 30-day mortality by anesthesia type among the 21,514 @entity0 included in this match: 583 of 10,757 matched @entity0 (5.4%) who lived near a regional anesthesia-specialized hospital died vs 629 of 10,757 matched @entity0 (5.8%) who lived near a general anesthesia-specialized hospital (instrumental variable estimate of risk difference, -1.1%; 95% CI, -2.8 to 0.5; P   =   .20). Supplementary analyses of within and across hospital @entity0 matches yielded mortality findings to be similar to the main analysis. In the near-far match, regional anesthesia was associated with a 0.6-day shorter length of stay than general anesthesia (95% CI, -0.8 to -0.4, P   <   .001). Supplementary analyses also showed regional anesthesia to be associated with shorter length of stay, although the observed association was smaller in magnitude than in the main analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among adults in acute care hospitals in New York State undergoing hip repair, the use of regional anesthesia compared with general anesthesia was not associated with lower 30-day mortality but was associated with a modestly shorter length of stay. These findings do not support a mortality benefit for regional anesthesia in this setting.

title: Anesthesia technique, mortality, and length of stay after XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity1