abstract: BACKGROUND: To detect the somatic mutations in complete mitochondrial genome and to investigate the role of mtDNA mutation in the tumorigenesis of @entity1 . METHODS: DNA were extracted from sixteen @entity1 and corresponding normal tissues. The entire mitochondrial genome was amplified with 32 pairs of overlapping primers. mtDNA mutations were screened by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. mtDNA fragments showing different banding patterns between @entity2 and paracancerous tissues were sequenced to identify the exact mutations. The common 4 977 bp deletion was also analyzed in all sixteen @entity2 tissues as well as the matched paracancerous samples by PCR. RESULTS: Ten out of sixteen (62.5%) @entity2 tissues showed a total of 29 mutations. Half (5/10) of @entity2 with somatic mutation presented one mutation and the rests had multiple ones. Out of 29 mutations, 17 (58.62%) were in D-loop region, 2 (6.90%) in rRNA and 10 (34.48%) in mRNA. Among 10 mRNA mutations, 7 were silence and 3 were missense mutations. Five out of twenty-nine alterations were heteroplasmic to heteroplasmic change, one was homoplasmic to heteroplasmic and the remains (23/29, 79.3%) were homoplasmic to homoplasmic change. There were five common deletions found, two in @entity2 tissues and three in paracancerous tissues. There was no mitochondrial microsatellite instability, except for the short deletion or insertion in np303-309. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of mtDNA mutations found in @entity0 with @entity1 suggests that mtDNA alterations might play an important role in tumorigenesis of @entity1 . Further studies should be needed to determine the pathological effects of somatic mtDNA mutations in @entity1 .

title: [Somatic mutation detection in complete mitochondrial DNA of XXXX @entity0 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: To detect the somatic mutations in complete mitochondrial genome and to investigate the role of mtDNA mutation in the tumorigenesis of @entity1 . METHODS: DNA were extracted from sixteen @entity1 and corresponding normal tissues. The entire mitochondrial genome was amplified with 32 pairs of overlapping primers. mtDNA mutations were screened by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. mtDNA fragments showing different banding patterns between @entity2 and paracancerous tissues were sequenced to identify the exact mutations. The common 4 977 bp deletion was also analyzed in all sixteen @entity2 tissues as well as the matched paracancerous samples by PCR. RESULTS: Ten out of sixteen (62.5%) @entity2 tissues showed a total of 29 mutations. Half (5/10) of @entity2 with somatic mutation presented one mutation and the rests had multiple ones. Out of 29 mutations, 17 (58.62%) were in D-loop region, 2 (6.90%) in rRNA and 10 (34.48%) in mRNA. Among 10 mRNA mutations, 7 were silence and 3 were missense mutations. Five out of twenty-nine alterations were heteroplasmic to heteroplasmic change, one was homoplasmic to heteroplasmic and the remains (23/29, 79.3%) were homoplasmic to homoplasmic change. There were five common deletions found, two in @entity2 tissues and three in paracancerous tissues. There was no mitochondrial microsatellite instability, except for the short deletion or insertion in np303-309. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of mtDNA mutations found in @entity0 with @entity1 suggests that mtDNA alterations might play an important role in tumorigenesis of @entity1 . Further studies should be needed to determine the pathological effects of somatic mtDNA mutations in @entity1 .

title: [Somatic mutation detection in complete mitochondrial DNA of @entity1 XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the effectiveness of massage as a treatment option for @entity2 . DATA SOURCES: We searched the following electronic databases using the time of their inception through March 2010: MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Health Technology Assessment, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, 6 Korean medical databases (KSI, DBpia, KISTEP, RISS, KoreaMed, and National Digital Library), China Academic Journal (through China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and 3 Japanese medical databases (Journal@rchive, Science Links Japan, and Japan Science _ Technology link). The search phrase used was "(massage OR touch OR acupressure) AND ( @entity2 OR @entity2 OR @entity3 OR @entity1 )." The references in all located articles were also searched. No language restrictions were imposed. STUDY SELECTION: Prospective controlled clinical studies of any type of massage therapy for @entity2 @entity0 were included. Trials in which massage was part of a complex intervention were also included. Case studies, case series, qualitative studies, uncontrolled trials, studies that failed to provide detailed results, and trials that compared one type of massage with another were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION: All articles were read by 2 independent reviewers (M.S.L. and J-I.K.), who extracted data from the articles according to predefined criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane classification. RESULTS: Of 132 articles, only 6 studies met our inclusion criteria. One randomized clinical trial found that massage plus conventional language therapy was superior to conventional language therapy alone for symptom severity (P < .05) and communication attitude (P < .01). Two randomized clinical trials reported a significant benefit of massage for sensory profile (P < .01), adaptive behavior (P < .05), and language and social abilities (P < .01) as compared with a special education program. The fourth randomized clinical trial showed beneficial effects of massage for social communication (P < .05). Two nonrandomized controlled clinical trials suggested that massage therapy is effective. However, all of the included trials have high risk of bias. The main limitations of the included studies were small sample sizes, predefined primary outcome measures, inadequate control for nonspecific effects, and a lack of power calculations or adequate follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Limited evidence exists for the effectiveness of massage as a symptomatic treatment of @entity2 . Because the risk of bias was high, firm conclusions cannot be drawn. Future, more rigorous randomized clinical trials seem to be warranted.

title: Massage therapy for XXXX with autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The present study aimed to monitor skin test practices as performed by veterinarian field practitioners in Belgium. For this purpose, an anonymous postal questionnaire was elaborated and dispatched to veterinarians involved in @entity1 @entity2 detection. The questionnaire included items focusing on the skin test performance. International experts in the field of @entity1 @entity2 were asked to fill the questionnaire and a scoring scale was built as follows: 0 = 'ideal' answer, 1 = acceptable answer, whereas 2 = unacceptable answer. Furthermore, experts were asked to rank the questionnaire's items according to their possible impact on the risk of not detecting reactors. A global score was further calculated for each @entity0 and a comparison of practices was carried out between the two regions of the country, i.e. Wallonia and Flanders. Significant differences were observed between both regions, a harmonization at the country level is thus essential. No veterinarian summed a null score, corresponding to the ideal skin test procedure, which suggests that skin-testing is far from being performed correctly. Field practitioners need to be sensitized to the importance of correctly performing the test. The authors recommend the questionnaire is suitable for application in other countries or regions.

title: Monitoring of the intra-dermal XXXX skin test performed by Belgian field practitioners.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The growth pattern of bone marrow cells in agar culture was studied in 56 @entity0 with untreated @entity2 . 4 different growth patterns were recognized: (A) colony and cluster formation, (B) growth of small clusters (3-20 cells) only but less than 600/10(5) cells, (C) growth of small clusters only but more than 600/10(5) cells, and (D) no growth in vitro. @entity0 in group A and B had a significantly higher remission rate (23/34) than @entity0 in group C and D (3/22). This was true also when only @entity0 below 60 years of age were considered. The median survival time of @entity0 in group A and B was 7.3 months and 9.4 months, and in group C and D 4.0 months and 3.3 months. Identical growth patterns were found for marrow and blood cells in 21 of 27 @entity0 studied and the number of clusters in blood and marrow showed a significant correlation (r = +0.96, P less than 0.001). The mean @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of myeloblasts determined in 32 @entity0 was 14.8 +/- 7.8% (SD). @entity0 with @entity1 below 15% tended to have a higher remission rate than @entity0 with @entity1 above 15%. It is concluded that the in vitro growth pattern at diagnosis of bone marrow cells from @entity0 with ANLL is of value in detecting @entity0 with a poor response to current therapeutic protocols. Such information could possibly lead to alternative cytostatic regimes in these @entity0 .

title: The prognostic significance of in vitro bone marrow growth pattern in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the distribution of certain types of @entity1 in a sample of Saudi adolescents aged 13-15 years in Jeddah city. DESIGN: Across-sectional study. CLINICAL SETTINGS: Clinical examination of Saudi adolescents was carried out in the screening clinics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdul-Aziz University. @entity1 were recorded according to Bj  rk and Co-workers (1964). @entity0 : 1,024 adolescents aged 13-14 years (608 males and 416 females) were randomly selected from ten intermediate schools. @entity0 were invited to dental school during the "Annual Dental Health Week" as a part of collaborative efforts between King Abdul-Aziz University and Ministry of Education. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Distribution of post-normal occlusion, pre-normal occlusion, bimaxillary protrusion, overjet, @entity2 and maxillary and mandibular crowding were calculated for the examined subjects. RESULTS: Only 9% of the examined adolescents had normal occlusion. Post-normal occlusion, pre-normal occlusion and bimaxillary protrusion represented 21%, 15% and 8% of the studied sample respectively. Moderate and severe overjet and overbite accounted for 24% _ 5% and 27% _ 13%, respectively. @entity2 was detected in 24% of the students. Mild, moderate and severe maxillary and mandibular crowding represented 9%, 26% _ 4% and 11%, 38% _ 9%, respectively. All the studied occlusal parameters except bimaxillary protrusion were statistically higher in females. CONCLUSION: Ninety one percent of the surveyed subjects exhibited some @entity1 . These anomalies were generally higher among adolescent @entity0 .

title: Distribution of certain types of XXXX among Saudi Arabian adolescents in Jeddah city.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 mustard (SM) is a chemical threat agent for which the effects have no current treatment. Due to the ease of synthesis and dispersal of this material, the need to develop therapeutics is evident. The present article details the techniques used to develop SM laboratory exposure systems for the development of animal models of ocular and @entity2 . These models are critical to enable evaluation of @entity2 and therapeutics against that injury. Iterative trials were conducted to optimize dermal and @entity5 models in @entity4 and @entity1 respectively. The goal was a homogeneous and diffuse ocular and @entity2 that compares to the @entity0 injury. Dermal exposures were conducted by either a flow-past or static vapor cup system. Ocular exposures were conducted by a static exposure system. Ocular and dermal exposures were conducted with vaporized SM. Vapor concentrations increased with time in the dermal and ocular exposure systems but were stable with varying amounts of applied SM. A dermal deposition estimation study was also conducted. Deposited volumes increased with exposure time.

title: Dermal and ocular exposure systems for the development of models of XXXX mustard-induced injury.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The International Multi-centre @entity1 Genetics (IMAGE) project with 11 participating centres from 7 European countries and Israel has collected a large behavioural and genetic database for present and future research. Behavioural data were collected from 1068 probands with @entity1 and 1446 unselected siblings. The aim was to describe and analyse questionnaire data and IQ measures from all probands and siblings. In particular, to investigate the influence of age, gender, family status (proband vs. sibling), informant, and centres on sample homogeneity in psychopathological measures. METHODS: Conners' Questionnaires, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires, and Wechsler Intelligence Scores were used to describe the phenotype of the sample. Data were analysed by use of robust statistical multi-way procedures. RESULTS: Besides main effects of age, gender, informant, and centre, there were considerable interaction effects on questionnaire data. The larger differences between probands and siblings at home than at school may reflect contrast effects in the parents. Furthermore, there were marked gender by status effects on the @entity1 symptom ratings with @entity0 scoring one standard deviation higher than @entity0 in the proband sample but lower than @entity0 in the siblings sample. The multi-centre design is another important source of heterogeneity, particularly in the interaction with the family status. To a large extent the centres differed from each other with regard to differences between proband and sibling scores. CONCLUSIONS: When @entity1 probands are diagnosed by use of fixed symptom counts, the severity of the disorder in the proband sample may markedly differ between @entity0 and @entity0 and across age, particularly in samples with a large age range. A multi-centre design carries the risk of considerable phenotypic differences between centres and, consequently, of additional heterogeneity of the sample even if standardized diagnostic procedures are used. These possible sources of variance should be counteracted in genetic analyses either by using age and gender adjusted diagnostic procedures and regional normative data or by adjusting for design artefacts by use of covariate statistics, by eliminating outliers, or by other methods suitable for reducing heterogeneity.

title: The impact of study design and diagnostic approach in a large multi-centre XXXX study: Part 2: Dimensional measures of psychopathology and intelligence.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 face several challenges during pregnancy, childbirth and in relation to breastfeeding. It is therefore of utmost importance to consider their need for specific support, early postpartum as well as in daily life after discharge from maternity care. Few studies have investigated these aspects of healthcare. The aim of this study was to explore experiences after childbirth regarding breastfeeding, glycemic control, support and well-being in @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 . METHODS: A hermeneutic reflective life world research approach was used in this qualitative study. Data was gathered through audio-recorded focus group discussions and individual interviews with 23 @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 , 6-24 months after childbirth. After verbatim transcription, the text was analyzed in order to identify themes of meaning and a conclusive interpretation of the explored phenomenon. RESULTS: Experiences of extraordinary exposure challenged the @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 in their transition to early motherhood. The exposure included a struggle with breastfeeding, although with a driving force to succeed. Everyday life was filled with uncertainty and unpredictability related to one's own unstable glycemic control and the @entity0 down-prioritized their own needs in favor of the @entity0 . A feeling of being disconnected from professional care further contributed to the experiences of extraordinary exposure. CONCLUSION: In early motherhood @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 have a great need for support in managing daily life postpartum, which requires contemporary approaches to overlap insufficient linkage between health care professionals in maternity and @entity0 health care, and @entity1 care.

title: Extraordinary exposed in early motherhood - a qualitative study exploring experiences of mothers with XXXX 1 @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 face several challenges during pregnancy, childbirth and in relation to breastfeeding. It is therefore of utmost importance to consider their need for specific support, early postpartum as well as in daily life after discharge from maternity care. Few studies have investigated these aspects of healthcare. The aim of this study was to explore experiences after childbirth regarding breastfeeding, glycemic control, support and well-being in @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 . METHODS: A hermeneutic reflective life world research approach was used in this qualitative study. Data was gathered through audio-recorded focus group discussions and individual interviews with 23 @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 , 6-24 months after childbirth. After verbatim transcription, the text was analyzed in order to identify themes of meaning and a conclusive interpretation of the explored phenomenon. RESULTS: Experiences of extraordinary exposure challenged the @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 in their transition to early motherhood. The exposure included a struggle with breastfeeding, although with a driving force to succeed. Everyday life was filled with uncertainty and unpredictability related to one's own unstable glycemic control and the @entity0 down-prioritized their own needs in favor of the @entity0 . A feeling of being disconnected from professional care further contributed to the experiences of extraordinary exposure. CONCLUSION: In early motherhood @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 have a great need for support in managing daily life postpartum, which requires contemporary approaches to overlap insufficient linkage between health care professionals in maternity and @entity0 health care, and @entity1 care.

title: Extraordinary exposed in early motherhood - a qualitative study exploring experiences of mothers with @entity2 1 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Three episodes of @entity4 occurred after open reduction and internal fixation of a @entity2 of the left hip and pelvis in a 20-year-old female injured in a motor cycle accident. There were also ipsilateral open fractures of the tibia and fibula and an open @entity5 . When the palsy first developed the @entity0 was in a hip spica plaster cast extending from the costal margin to encase the whole left lower limb. At the time of the second and third episodes of palsy she was in a left below-knee cast and it was not possible to fully assess the function of involved muscles clinically or electromyographically. Psychological factors due to prolonged disability and hospitalization were suspected as a possible cause of @entity3 . Therefore evoked potentials obtained by stimulation of the peroneal nerves were used to aid diagnosis. There was no response from lumbar and cerebral recording sites on stimulation of the peroneal nerve on the affected side. Diagnosis of a conduction block in the sciatic nerve was thus established. The @entity0 recovered clinically and on repeated testing after motor recovery the cortical potential was attenuated and delayed by 15ms. Recurrent @entity4 , occurring three times after hip @entity1 and with heterotopic bone formation and diagnostic application of evoked potential techniques, has not been previously reported.

title: Triplicate post-traumatic XXXX : evoked potentials in the diagnosis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) change phenotypes under various pathophysiological conditions. These changes are largely controlled by the @entity4 ( @entity4 ), a transcription factor that binds to CC ( @entity3 )6 GG (CArG) boxes in SM contractile genes. MicroRNAs (miRNA) regulate transitions among @entity5 phenotypes. The @entity5 miRNA transcriptome ( @entity5 miRNAome) and its regulation by @entity4 have not been determined. METHODS: We performed massively parallel sequencing to identify gastrointestinal (GI) @entity5 miRNA transcriptomes in @entity1 and @entity0 . @entity5 miRNA transcriptomes were mapped to identify all CArG boxes, which were confirmed by @entity4 knockdown and microarrays. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to identify @entity5 -phenotypic miRNAs in differentiated and proliferating SMCs. Bioinformatics and target validation analysis showed regulation of @entity5 phenotype by @entity4 -dependent, @entity5 -phenotype miRNAs. RESULTS: We cloned and identified GI miRNA transcriptomes using genome-wide analyses of @entity1 and @entity0 cells. The SM miRNAome consisted of hundreds of unique miRNAs that were highly conserved among both species. We mapped miRNAs CArG boxes and found that many had an @entity4 -dependent signature in the SM miRNAome. The SM miRNAs CArG boxes had several distinct features. We also identified approximately 100 @entity5 -phenotypic miRNAs that were induced in differentiated or proliferative @entity5 phenotypes. We showed that @entity4 -dependent, @entity5 -phenotypic miRNAs bind and regulate @entity4 and its cofactors, myocadin (Myocd) and member of ETS oncogene family @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity2 phenotypes are controlled by @entity4 -dependent, @entity5 -phenotypic miRNAs that regulate expression of @entity4 , MYOCD, and @entity6 .

title: XXXX -dependent MicroRNAs regulate gastrointestinal smooth muscle cell phenotypes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The authors have carried out the laboratory and clinical studies of @entity8 (CXD), and obtained the following results. The antibacterial activities of CXD were measured by plate dilution method on 26 clinical isolates of @entity2 , @entity1 and @entity4 . CXD inhibited the growth of all strains of @entity2 at concentrations less than 6.25 microgram/ml, the peak of activity distribution was obtained at 3.13 microgram/ml with an inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml. And the p eak sensitivity distribution of @entity1 was obtained at 6.25 microgram/ml. The growth of all strains of @entity4 was inhibited at concentrations of less than 25 microgram/ml. Phagocytosis was determined by QUIE'S method. In the presence of CXD, phagocytosis of @entity0 PMNs was not enhanced to @entity1 and @entity4 . For pharmacokinetic study, CXD was given orally at a single dose of 10 mg/kg to 3 @entity0 before and after meals. The serum levels of CXD on fasting were 14.2 microgram/ml, 11.0 microgram/ml, 4.0 microgram/ml and 0.57 microgram/ml at 0.5, 1, 2. 4 hours after administration respectively, and the level at 6 hours was not detectable. Half-life was 0.65 hours. The serum levels of CXD after meals were 3.9 microgram/ml, 5.3 microgram/ml, 5.3 microgram/ml, 2.4 microgram/ml and 0.42 microgram/ml at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 hours after administration respectively, but at 8 hours it was not detectable. Half-life was 0.95 hours. The 8-hour urinary excretion rates on fasting and non fasting were 89.4%, 89.0% respectively. CXD was given to 31 cases with @entity7 , 4 with @entity6 , 1 with impetigo, 3 with cervical @entity5 , 7 with U.T.I, totalling 46. A daily dose of CXD 400 approximately 1,500 mg was given for 4 approximately 14 days. Clinical results obtained were good and excellent responses in 43/46 (93.5%) cases. No side effects were observed except for 1 case with elevation of GOT, 2 cases with elevation of GOT and GPT and 1 case with @entity3 .

title: [Laboratory and clinical studies of XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity8


abstract: Baby oil is a common household product that is frequently used when there are @entity0 or toddlers in the house. However, it is often overlooked as a potential source of danger to these youngsters. In 1983, 36,700 cases of ingestion were reported to the @entity3 surveillance and epidemiology branch of the Food and Drug Administration. Topical preparations used in the care of @entity0 accounted for 480 of the cases. Ten percent of these required hospitalization. In 36 cases, the product ingested was baby oil. This figure does not include baby lotions and other skin products with a mineral oil base. Aspiration of mineral oil, the main component of baby oil, has been described as a cause of @entity1 and oleomas. However, there is very little information in the modern literature concerning @entity2 in @entity0 . We herein present a @entity0 with @entity1 caused by aspirated baby oil, who followed a severe clinical course. The paucity of information regarding this subject points to the need for increased public and physician awareness of the problem and for their direct participation in the prevention of this potentially fatal condition.

title: XXXX secondary to baby oil aspiration: a case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity7 (NCC) is a very rare clinical entity. Signs and symptoms may include @entity3 , @entity4 , or @entity5 , depending on location of the cyst, and it may mimic more common neuropathology. When the @entity0 does not come from an endemic region and serologic tests fail to yield evidence of the presence of parasites, the diagnosis may only become apparent at surgery. PURPOSE: To report a case of NCC of lumbar spine with spinal root symptoms, which had only become apparent at surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: A 72-year-old @entity0 presented with progressive @entity2 and diminished sensation in his left lower extremity. Laboratory evaluation, including serologic tests, was nonspecific. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large eccentric @entity1 at lumbar subarachnoid space. RESULT: Diagnosis was confirmed after surgical excision, and @entity6 was found to be the etiologic factor. CONCLUSION: Even when the @entity0 does not come from endemic region and serologic tests fail to yield evidence of the presence of parasites, spinal NCC should be considered in the differential diagnosis with symptoms suggestive of @entity1 .

title: XXXX of lumbar spine, mimicking spinal subarachnoid tumor.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of combining low-dose fractionated whole abdominal radiation (LDF-WAR) with weekly full-dose @entity3 (FD-CDDP) for @entity0 with stage III/IV @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with optimally debulked stage III/IV @entity2 of the endometrium (without extra-abdominal disease) were eligible for the study. Postoperatively, @entity0 received the institutional standard systemic chemotherapy and vaginal brachytherapy. @entity0 then underwent experimental six weekly cycles of FD-CDDP (40 mg/m  , maximum 70 mg IV) followed by LDF-WAR 6-8 hours after initiation of chemotherapy. In a conservative design, 6 @entity0 were accrued to two sequential cohorts of LDF-WAR, at 0.5 Gy/fraction [Fx] (total 3 Gy) and 0.75 Gy/Fx (total 4.5 Gy). @entity1 and laboratory studies were evaluated at each visit. RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 were enrolled from January 2005 to June 2009 with median follow-up of 13.5 months (range: 5-27 months). Seventy-five percent of enrolled @entity0 had uterine papillary serous histology. Eleven @entity0 at least partially completed therapy (range: 2-6 cycles of FD-CDDP/LDF-WAR) with one additional @entity0 opting out at the higher dose level. Combination therapy overall was well tolerated. Three @entity0 in each cohort experienced grade 3 acute hematologic events with one recorded grade 4 @entity1 in the second cohort. Of @entity0 receiving any of the experimental treatment, five have experienced recurrences. Three of these @entity0 were in cohort one and received 0.5 Gy/Fx LDF-WAR. CONCLUSION: Combination therapy with LDF-WAR as a novel chemopotentiator to FD-CDDP is a feasible adjuvant regimen in optimally debulked @entity0 with stage III/IV @entity4 . Further investigation is warranted to determine treatment efficacy.

title: A Phase I Study using low-dose fractionated whole abdominal radiotherapy as a chemopotentiator to full-dose XXXX for optimally debulked stage III/IV @entity2 of the endometrium.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of combining low-dose fractionated whole abdominal radiation (LDF-WAR) with weekly full-dose @entity3 (FD-CDDP) for @entity0 with stage III/IV @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with optimally debulked stage III/IV @entity2 of the endometrium (without extra-abdominal disease) were eligible for the study. Postoperatively, @entity0 received the institutional standard systemic chemotherapy and vaginal brachytherapy. @entity0 then underwent experimental six weekly cycles of FD-CDDP (40 mg/m  , maximum 70 mg IV) followed by LDF-WAR 6-8 hours after initiation of chemotherapy. In a conservative design, 6 @entity0 were accrued to two sequential cohorts of LDF-WAR, at 0.5 Gy/fraction [Fx] (total 3 Gy) and 0.75 Gy/Fx (total 4.5 Gy). @entity1 and laboratory studies were evaluated at each visit. RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 were enrolled from January 2005 to June 2009 with median follow-up of 13.5 months (range: 5-27 months). Seventy-five percent of enrolled @entity0 had uterine papillary serous histology. Eleven @entity0 at least partially completed therapy (range: 2-6 cycles of FD-CDDP/LDF-WAR) with one additional @entity0 opting out at the higher dose level. Combination therapy overall was well tolerated. Three @entity0 in each cohort experienced grade 3 acute hematologic events with one recorded grade 4 @entity1 in the second cohort. Of @entity0 receiving any of the experimental treatment, five have experienced recurrences. Three of these @entity0 were in cohort one and received 0.5 Gy/Fx LDF-WAR. CONCLUSION: Combination therapy with LDF-WAR as a novel chemopotentiator to FD-CDDP is a feasible adjuvant regimen in optimally debulked @entity0 with stage III/IV @entity4 . Further investigation is warranted to determine treatment efficacy.

title: A Phase I Study using low-dose fractionated whole abdominal radiotherapy as a chemopotentiator to full-dose @entity3 for optimally debulked stage III/IV XXXX of the endometrium.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Complement @entity7 , a @entity2 protease participating in the formation of the C3 convertase of the alternative complement pathway, has the lowest molecular weight (23,750) and serum concentration of all complement proteins. In normal serum, D is the rate-limiting protease of the alternative pathway of complement activation. We report that the serum concentrations of D in 20 @entity0 with @entity1 (mean +/- S.D., 0.42 +/- 0.28 mg per deciliter) and in 16 @entity0 on long-term dialysis (1.53 +/- 0.39 mg per deciliter) were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) than in 22 healthy adults (0.18 +/- 0.04 mg per deciliter). In @entity1 the serum concentration of D correlated with that of @entity4 (r = 0.75, P less than 0.001). The serum concentrations of D found in @entity0 with @entity1 reached and in some cases exceeded those at which the protease is no longer rate-limiting. Thus, enhanced activity of the alternative pathway of complement should be expected in @entity0 with @entity1 . Urinary D was undetectable (less than 0.2 micrograms per deciliter) in 17 normal adults and either undetectable or below the concentration expected from the degree of @entity3 in 10 @entity0 with @entity5 . However, in a @entity0 with @entity6 the urinary concentration of D (1.3 mg per deciliter) was an order of magnitude higher than the serum concentration, representing 0.5 per cent of the total protein. The urinary D in this @entity0 had normal hemolytic activity, antigenicity, and size. These results indicate that D is filtered through the glomerular membrane and is probably catabolized in the proximal renal tubules.

title: Renal filtration and catabolism of complement XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of macrophage alternative activation in the intracellular pathogen natural disease resistance phenotype of the host. Macrophage monolayers from resistant (R) (3) or susceptible (S) (3) @entity0 donors were treated with 10 ng/ml of @entity0 recombinant @entity4 (rbIL-4), and infected with virulent and avirulent @entity2 (MOI 10:1). Bactericidal assays were performed to assess the bacterial phagocytic index and intracellular survival. Total RNA was reverse transcribed and used to analyze the relative changes in gene expression of IL-10, IL-12, IL-18 IL-1b, TNF-a, MCP-1, MCP-2, IL-6, MIP-1, MIP-3, iNOS, ARGII and SLAM by real time PCR. Cell supernatants were collected and @entity1 and arginase production was assessed. Apoptosis induction was measured by TUNEL. @entity4 treatment increased the phagocytic index in both R and S macrophages; however intracellular survival was augmented mainly in S macrophages. Alternative activation decreased gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, @entity1 production and DNA fragmentation mainly in R macrophages. On the other hand, arginase production was not different between R and S macrophages. Alternative activation modifies the macrophage response against @entity3 . @entity4 treatment minimized the functional differences that exist between R and S macrophages.

title: Alternative activation modifies macrophage resistance to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of mosaicplasty in the treatment of @entity3 of the distal humeral capitellum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2003 and 2007, 10 @entity0 (6 female and 4 male @entity0 ), with a mean age at surgery of 18 years (range, 13 to 27 years), with advanced lesions of @entity3 underwent mosaicplasties. The surgical technique involves transplanting small-sized cylindrical osteochondral grafts from the lateral periphery of the femoral condyle at the level of the patellofemoral joint to the defect of the capitellum. At a mean follow-up of 30 months, all elbows were assessed with the Mayo Elbow Performance Score and a modified functional elbow score (Constant). RESULTS: Postoperative radiographs and control magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography images showed incorporation of the subchondral cortex in all @entity0 . All but 2 @entity0 were @entity2 free after surgery. Of the @entity0 , 8 (80%) had no reduction in range of motion. By use of the Mayo Elbow Performance Score, the injured elbow had a preoperative mean score of 71 points (range, 55 to 85 points) and increased significantly to a mean score of 93.5 points (range, 85 to 100 points) postoperatively (P = .0005, paired t test). The nonoperative elbows had a mean score of 100 points, whereas the operated elbows had a mean score of 93.5 points. The functional elbow score showed a mean difference of 7.5 points between the operated and nonoperative elbows. No @entity1 developed after surgery in any case. CONCLUSIONS: Autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty for advanced lesions of @entity3 can provide satisfactory clinical and radiographic results.

title: The clinical outcomes of mosaicplasty in the treatment of XXXX of the distal humeral capitellum of young athletes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The use of targeted biologic agents in combination with chemotherapy has increased the overall survival (OS) of metastatic @entity2 (mCRC) to 23.5 months. With the assistance of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) mutational status, the subgroup population resistant to the inhibition of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) by monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) can be identified. However, only up to a third of the @entity6 wild-type subpopulation respond to @entity3 inhibition. Multiple factors, including relatively low response rates and high costs for targeted agents, are driving the search to identify further biomarkers within the @entity3 /Ras/ @entity11 / @entity10 / @entity9 and @entity5 /PIP3/AKT signaling pathways. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a key player in @entity0 angiogenesis and the target for the MoAb bevacizumab, which is currently licensed for use in mCRC. Despite numerous studies, an equivalent predictive biomarker for bevacizumab has not been identified. Preclinical work indicates that inhibition of the @entity8 ( @entity8 ) pathway stops cellular transformation and @entity0 regression, thus identifying this pathway as a strong potential target for anticancer drug development and the identification of novel biomarkers. This review focuses on research relating to the roles of biomarkers within the EGF, @entity1 , and IGF receptor pathways. The molecules @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity12 , @entity5 , PIP3, @entity1 , @entity8 , and @entity7 are discussed. Currently, @entity6 is the only biomarker used in clinical practice for mCRC. Pending the results of ongoing and future studies, additional biomarkers will be tested, tailoring our approach to targeted therapy in mCRC.

title: Predictive and prognostic biomarkers for targeted therapy in metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: On the basis of the hypothesis that the combined expression of immunostimulatory @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and antitumor suppressor @entity6 antisense (AS) transgenes can break tolerance and stimulate immune responses to @entity1 -associated antigens, we constructed an expression plasmid [the @entity1 -associated glycoprotein (TAG) plasmid] that coexpresses @entity5 and @entity6 AS nucleotide sequences and which was incorporated into an autologous whole-cell vaccine. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity0 undergoing resection were enrolled. Freshly harvested @entity1 cells were mechanically and enzymatically disaggregated, then electroporated with the TAG vector. The resulting vaccine was irradiated, then aliquoted and cryopreserved until the time of injection. @entity0 received a minimum of 5 to a maximum of 12 monthly intradermal injections. Immune function was monitored at baseline and at months 3 and 6. RESULTS: Vaccine manufacturing efficiency was 84% (32/38). Twenty-three @entity0 received at least 1 vaccination. There were no grade 3 or 4 @entity3 , and grade 1 and 2 events were local in nature. Seventeen of 21 @entity0 had @entity2 ( @entity2 ) at month 2 or later as their best response, and 1 @entity0 with stage IVa malignant @entity4 achieved a complete response (CR) following 11 vaccinations and remains without evidence of disease 2 years following initiation of therapy. Six of 13 @entity0 displayed a positive enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) response to autologous TAG vaccine at week 12 including 3 @entity0 with prolonged @entity2 or CR. The 3 other @entity0 survived through week 24, as compared with none of the 7 ELISPOT-negative @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of safety and clinical and immunologic results, further evaluation of bifunctional vaccines is warranted.

title: Phase I trial of XXXX antisense @entity5 gene-modified @entity1 cell (TAG) vaccine.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: On the basis of the hypothesis that the combined expression of immunostimulatory @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and antitumor suppressor @entity6 antisense (AS) transgenes can break tolerance and stimulate immune responses to @entity1 -associated antigens, we constructed an expression plasmid [the @entity1 -associated glycoprotein (TAG) plasmid] that coexpresses @entity5 and @entity6 AS nucleotide sequences and which was incorporated into an autologous whole-cell vaccine. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity0 undergoing resection were enrolled. Freshly harvested @entity1 cells were mechanically and enzymatically disaggregated, then electroporated with the TAG vector. The resulting vaccine was irradiated, then aliquoted and cryopreserved until the time of injection. @entity0 received a minimum of 5 to a maximum of 12 monthly intradermal injections. Immune function was monitored at baseline and at months 3 and 6. RESULTS: Vaccine manufacturing efficiency was 84% (32/38). Twenty-three @entity0 received at least 1 vaccination. There were no grade 3 or 4 @entity3 , and grade 1 and 2 events were local in nature. Seventeen of 21 @entity0 had @entity2 ( @entity2 ) at month 2 or later as their best response, and 1 @entity0 with stage IVa malignant @entity4 achieved a complete response (CR) following 11 vaccinations and remains without evidence of disease 2 years following initiation of therapy. Six of 13 @entity0 displayed a positive enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) response to autologous TAG vaccine at week 12 including 3 @entity0 with prolonged @entity2 or CR. The 3 other @entity0 survived through week 24, as compared with none of the 7 ELISPOT-negative @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of safety and clinical and immunologic results, further evaluation of bifunctional vaccines is warranted.

title: Phase I trial of @entity6 antisense @entity5 gene-modified XXXX cell (TAG) vaccine.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: On the basis of the hypothesis that the combined expression of immunostimulatory @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and antitumor suppressor @entity6 antisense (AS) transgenes can break tolerance and stimulate immune responses to @entity1 -associated antigens, we constructed an expression plasmid [the @entity1 -associated glycoprotein (TAG) plasmid] that coexpresses @entity5 and @entity6 AS nucleotide sequences and which was incorporated into an autologous whole-cell vaccine. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity0 undergoing resection were enrolled. Freshly harvested @entity1 cells were mechanically and enzymatically disaggregated, then electroporated with the TAG vector. The resulting vaccine was irradiated, then aliquoted and cryopreserved until the time of injection. @entity0 received a minimum of 5 to a maximum of 12 monthly intradermal injections. Immune function was monitored at baseline and at months 3 and 6. RESULTS: Vaccine manufacturing efficiency was 84% (32/38). Twenty-three @entity0 received at least 1 vaccination. There were no grade 3 or 4 @entity3 , and grade 1 and 2 events were local in nature. Seventeen of 21 @entity0 had @entity2 ( @entity2 ) at month 2 or later as their best response, and 1 @entity0 with stage IVa malignant @entity4 achieved a complete response (CR) following 11 vaccinations and remains without evidence of disease 2 years following initiation of therapy. Six of 13 @entity0 displayed a positive enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) response to autologous TAG vaccine at week 12 including 3 @entity0 with prolonged @entity2 or CR. The 3 other @entity0 survived through week 24, as compared with none of the 7 ELISPOT-negative @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of safety and clinical and immunologic results, further evaluation of bifunctional vaccines is warranted.

title: Phase I trial of @entity6 antisense XXXX gene-modified @entity1 cell (TAG) vaccine.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) poses health risks to @entity0 living with smokers. Most interventions to protect @entity0 from SHSe have coached adult smokers. This trial determined whether @entity2 and @entity1 feedback provided to preteens can reduce their SHSe. METHODS: Two hundred one predominantly low-income families with a resident smoker and a @entity0 aged 8 to 13 years who was exposed to two or more cigarettes per day or had a urine @entity1 concentration >=  2.0 ng/mL were randomized to control or SHSe reduction @entity2 groups. During eight in-home sessions over 5 months, coaches presented to the @entity0 graphic charts of @entity1 assay results as performance feedback and provided differential praise and incentives for @entity1 reductions. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the differential change in SHSe over time by group. RESULTS: For the baseline to posttest period, the @entity2 group had a greater decrease in both urine @entity1 concentration (P = .039) and reported @entity0 SHSe in the number of cigarettes exposed per day ( @entity0 report, P = .003; parent report, P = .078). For posttest to month 12 follow-up, no group or group by time differences were obtained, and both groups returned toward baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Coaching preteens can reduce their SHSe, although reductions may not be sustained without ongoing counseling, feedback, and incentives. Unlike interventions that coach adults to reduce @entity0 SHSe, programs that increase @entity0 avoidance of SHSe have the potential to reduce SHSe in all settings in which the @entity0 is exposed, without requiring a change in adult smoking behavior.

title: Providing @entity2 and XXXX results to preteens to reduce their secondhand smoke exposure: a randomized trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) poses health risks to @entity0 living with smokers. Most interventions to protect @entity0 from SHSe have coached adult smokers. This trial determined whether @entity2 and @entity1 feedback provided to preteens can reduce their SHSe. METHODS: Two hundred one predominantly low-income families with a resident smoker and a @entity0 aged 8 to 13 years who was exposed to two or more cigarettes per day or had a urine @entity1 concentration >=  2.0 ng/mL were randomized to control or SHSe reduction @entity2 groups. During eight in-home sessions over 5 months, coaches presented to the @entity0 graphic charts of @entity1 assay results as performance feedback and provided differential praise and incentives for @entity1 reductions. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the differential change in SHSe over time by group. RESULTS: For the baseline to posttest period, the @entity2 group had a greater decrease in both urine @entity1 concentration (P = .039) and reported @entity0 SHSe in the number of cigarettes exposed per day ( @entity0 report, P = .003; parent report, P = .078). For posttest to month 12 follow-up, no group or group by time differences were obtained, and both groups returned toward baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Coaching preteens can reduce their SHSe, although reductions may not be sustained without ongoing counseling, feedback, and incentives. Unlike interventions that coach adults to reduce @entity0 SHSe, programs that increase @entity0 avoidance of SHSe have the potential to reduce SHSe in all settings in which the @entity0 is exposed, without requiring a change in adult smoking behavior.

title: Providing XXXX and @entity1 results to preteens to reduce their secondhand smoke exposure: a randomized trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels among relatively healthy older @entity0 and their association with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: Personal medical history and blood sample were collected from 1515 older @entity0 of Guangzhou. Fasting serum @entity3 , lipids, @entity4 and @entity5 were measured. RESULTS: (1) In relatively healthy older adults aged 50 or above, from Guangzhou, the following data were seen: serum @entity4 levels (x(-)    s) in @entity0 and @entity0 were (3.90    2.36) ng/ml and (12.17    2.01) ng/ml respectively; serum @entity5 levels in @entity0 and @entity0 were (5.33    2.78) mg/L and (7.18    2.58) mg/L respectively. (2) Serum @entity4 and @entity5 level increased with age. After adjusting for body mass index, the trend for serum @entity4 level in @entity0 (P < 0.001) and @entity5 level in @entity0 (P < 0.05) were significantly associated with age. (3) No association was found between cigarette smoking and levels of @entity4 or @entity5 in both @entity0 and @entity0 after adjusting for age (P from 0.09 to 0.76). (4) In both @entity0 and women, serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels were positively associated with waist circumference/body mass index, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein @entity1 and @entity2 (P from 0.04 to < 0.001). In @entity0 , @entity4 was also significantly associated with the increase of diastolic blood pressure and @entity3 but decreased with high-density lipoprotein @entity1 (P from 0.03 to 0.02). (5) Decreased @entity5 level was associated with increased waist circumference and @entity2 in both @entity0 and @entity0 (P from 0.003 to < 0.001) and with the increased body mass index, fasting plasma @entity3 as well as with decreased high-density lipoprotein @entity1 in @entity0 (P from 0.05 to < 0.001) but with increased systolic blood pressure and total @entity1 in @entity0 (P from 0.05 to 0.006). CONCLUSION: In Guangzhou city, among relatively healthy older adults aged 50 or above, their serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels were lower in @entity0 than in women. Serum @entity4 level in @entity0 and @entity5 level in @entity0 were significantly associated with the increase of age. Increased @entity4 and decreased @entity5 levels were associated with increased traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

title: [Relation of serum @entity4 and XXXX to cardiovascular risk factors in older adults: a Guangzhou biobank cohort study-CVD].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels among relatively healthy older @entity0 and their association with traditional cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: Personal medical history and blood sample were collected from 1515 older @entity0 of Guangzhou. Fasting serum @entity3 , lipids, @entity4 and @entity5 were measured. RESULTS: (1) In relatively healthy older adults aged 50 or above, from Guangzhou, the following data were seen: serum @entity4 levels (x(-)    s) in @entity0 and @entity0 were (3.90    2.36) ng/ml and (12.17    2.01) ng/ml respectively; serum @entity5 levels in @entity0 and @entity0 were (5.33    2.78) mg/L and (7.18    2.58) mg/L respectively. (2) Serum @entity4 and @entity5 level increased with age. After adjusting for body mass index, the trend for serum @entity4 level in @entity0 (P < 0.001) and @entity5 level in @entity0 (P < 0.05) were significantly associated with age. (3) No association was found between cigarette smoking and levels of @entity4 or @entity5 in both @entity0 and @entity0 after adjusting for age (P from 0.09 to 0.76). (4) In both @entity0 and women, serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels were positively associated with waist circumference/body mass index, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein @entity1 and @entity2 (P from 0.04 to < 0.001). In @entity0 , @entity4 was also significantly associated with the increase of diastolic blood pressure and @entity3 but decreased with high-density lipoprotein @entity1 (P from 0.03 to 0.02). (5) Decreased @entity5 level was associated with increased waist circumference and @entity2 in both @entity0 and @entity0 (P from 0.003 to < 0.001) and with the increased body mass index, fasting plasma @entity3 as well as with decreased high-density lipoprotein @entity1 in @entity0 (P from 0.05 to < 0.001) but with increased systolic blood pressure and total @entity1 in @entity0 (P from 0.05 to 0.006). CONCLUSION: In Guangzhou city, among relatively healthy older adults aged 50 or above, their serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels were lower in @entity0 than in women. Serum @entity4 level in @entity0 and @entity5 level in @entity0 were significantly associated with the increase of age. Increased @entity4 and decreased @entity5 levels were associated with increased traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

title: [Relation of serum XXXX and @entity5 to cardiovascular risk factors in older adults: a Guangzhou biobank cohort study-CVD].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The present study investigated the phylogenetic affiliation and physiological characteristics of bacteria responsible for anaerobic @entity5 oxidization (anammox); these bacteria were enriched in an anammox reactor with a @entity4 removal rate of 26.0 kg N m(-3) day(-1). The anammox bacteria were identified as representing 'Candidatus Brocadia sinica' on the basis of phylogenetic analysis of rRNA operon sequences. Physiological characteristics examined were growth rate, kinetics of @entity5 oxidation and @entity7 reduction, temperature, pH and inhibition of anammox. The maximum specific growth rate ( (max)) was 0.0041 h(-1), corresponding to a doubling time of 7 days. The half-saturation constants (K(s)) for @entity5 and @entity7 of 'Ca. B. sinica' were 28  4 and 86  4   M, respectively, higher than those of 'Candidatus Brocadia anammoxidans' and 'Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis'. The temperature and pH ranges of anammox activity were 25-45   C and pH 6.5-8.8, respectively. Anammox activity was inhibited in the presence of @entity7 (50% inhibition at 16 mM), @entity3 (91% at 1 mM) and @entity2 (86% at 1 mM). Anammox activities were 80 and 70% of baseline in the presence of 20 mM @entity6 and 3% salinity, respectively. The yield of biomass and dissolved organic @entity1 production in the culture supernatant were 0.062 and 0.005 mol C (mol NH (+)(-4))(-1), respectively. This study compared physiological differences between three anammox bacterial enrichment cultures to provide a better understanding of anammox niche specificity in natural and @entity0 -made ecosystems.

title: Physiological characteristics of the anaerobic XXXX -oxidizing bacterium 'Candidatus Brocadia sinica'.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the levels of @entity4 , @entity2 , and @entity3 around miniscrews used for anchorage during @entity1 distalization. Sixteen @entity0 (eight males and eight females; mean age, 16.6    2.4 years) who were treated with bilateral upper first premolar extractions were included in the study. Thirty-two maxillary miniscrew implants were placed bilaterally in the alveolar bone between the maxillary second premolars and first molars as anchorage units for maxillary @entity1 distalization. Three groups were constructed. The treatment, miniscrew, and control groups consisted of upper @entity1 , miniscrew implants, and upper second premolars, respectively. Peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were obtained at baseline (T1) and at 1 (T2), 24 (T3), and 48 (T4) hours, 7 (T5) and 21 (T6) days, and 3 months (T7) after force application. Paired sample t-tests were used to determine within-group changes and Dunnett's t and Tukey's honestly significant difference tests for between-group multiple comparisons. During the 3 month period, @entity4 levels significantly increased (P < 0.01) but only in the treatment group after 24 hours. @entity2 levels were unchanged at all times points in the three groups. @entity3 levels increased significantly at 1 (P < 0.05), 24 (P < 0.01), and 48 (P < 0.01) hours in the treatment group and at 24 (P < 0.05) and 48 (P < 0.01) hours in the miniscrew group. It appears that miniscrews can be used for anchorage in orthodontics when correct physiological forces are applied.

title: Identification of XXXX , 6, and 8 levels around miniscrews during orthodontic tooth movement.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Complete resolution of glomerular changes in @entity6 of pregnancy has been reported to occur as early as 4 weeks postpartum, whereas their persistence for as long as 2 years in some instances has been noted. However, the mechanism of resolution remains obscure. Percutaneous renal biopsy was performed in 22 @entity0 between 10 and 14 days after delivery. These @entity0 fulfilled the criteria for @entity6 of pregnancy ( @entity1 - @entity4 - @entity3 @entity5 ). Biopsy specimens were examined, using light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Semithin sections were studied in view of greater reliability and better relation with further electron microscopic studies. A diffuse increase in mesangial cellularity and matrix was seen in all glomeruli with varying intensity, compatible with mesangium activity, more than endothelial proliferation. So-called capillary occlusions by endothelial swelling were not observed in the biopsies taken 10 days after delivery, but expulsed mesangial cytoplasm could be observed incidentally in the capillary lumen. This phenomenon may explain the wrong interpretation of paraffin sections studied by light microscopy. The presence of immunoglobulins in the glomeruli, seen by immunofluorescence, seems to be nonspecific trapping. In view of experimental studies of mesangium function in macromolecular uptake and processing, it is possible that resolution of the characteristic @entity2 in @entity6 is promoted by mesangium activity.

title: Postpartum resolution of glomerular changes in XXXX - @entity4 - @entity3 @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Complete resolution of glomerular changes in @entity6 of pregnancy has been reported to occur as early as 4 weeks postpartum, whereas their persistence for as long as 2 years in some instances has been noted. However, the mechanism of resolution remains obscure. Percutaneous renal biopsy was performed in 22 @entity0 between 10 and 14 days after delivery. These @entity0 fulfilled the criteria for @entity6 of pregnancy ( @entity1 - @entity4 - @entity3 @entity5 ). Biopsy specimens were examined, using light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Semithin sections were studied in view of greater reliability and better relation with further electron microscopic studies. A diffuse increase in mesangial cellularity and matrix was seen in all glomeruli with varying intensity, compatible with mesangium activity, more than endothelial proliferation. So-called capillary occlusions by endothelial swelling were not observed in the biopsies taken 10 days after delivery, but expulsed mesangial cytoplasm could be observed incidentally in the capillary lumen. This phenomenon may explain the wrong interpretation of paraffin sections studied by light microscopy. The presence of immunoglobulins in the glomeruli, seen by immunofluorescence, seems to be nonspecific trapping. In view of experimental studies of mesangium function in macromolecular uptake and processing, it is possible that resolution of the characteristic @entity2 in @entity6 is promoted by mesangium activity.

title: Postpartum resolution of glomerular changes in @entity1 - @entity4 - @entity3 XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Complete resolution of glomerular changes in @entity6 of pregnancy has been reported to occur as early as 4 weeks postpartum, whereas their persistence for as long as 2 years in some instances has been noted. However, the mechanism of resolution remains obscure. Percutaneous renal biopsy was performed in 22 @entity0 between 10 and 14 days after delivery. These @entity0 fulfilled the criteria for @entity6 of pregnancy ( @entity1 - @entity4 - @entity3 @entity5 ). Biopsy specimens were examined, using light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Semithin sections were studied in view of greater reliability and better relation with further electron microscopic studies. A diffuse increase in mesangial cellularity and matrix was seen in all glomeruli with varying intensity, compatible with mesangium activity, more than endothelial proliferation. So-called capillary occlusions by endothelial swelling were not observed in the biopsies taken 10 days after delivery, but expulsed mesangial cytoplasm could be observed incidentally in the capillary lumen. This phenomenon may explain the wrong interpretation of paraffin sections studied by light microscopy. The presence of immunoglobulins in the glomeruli, seen by immunofluorescence, seems to be nonspecific trapping. In view of experimental studies of mesangium function in macromolecular uptake and processing, it is possible that resolution of the characteristic @entity2 in @entity6 is promoted by mesangium activity.

title: Postpartum resolution of glomerular changes in @entity1 - @entity4 - XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Complete resolution of glomerular changes in @entity6 of pregnancy has been reported to occur as early as 4 weeks postpartum, whereas their persistence for as long as 2 years in some instances has been noted. However, the mechanism of resolution remains obscure. Percutaneous renal biopsy was performed in 22 @entity0 between 10 and 14 days after delivery. These @entity0 fulfilled the criteria for @entity6 of pregnancy ( @entity1 - @entity4 - @entity3 @entity5 ). Biopsy specimens were examined, using light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Semithin sections were studied in view of greater reliability and better relation with further electron microscopic studies. A diffuse increase in mesangial cellularity and matrix was seen in all glomeruli with varying intensity, compatible with mesangium activity, more than endothelial proliferation. So-called capillary occlusions by endothelial swelling were not observed in the biopsies taken 10 days after delivery, but expulsed mesangial cytoplasm could be observed incidentally in the capillary lumen. This phenomenon may explain the wrong interpretation of paraffin sections studied by light microscopy. The presence of immunoglobulins in the glomeruli, seen by immunofluorescence, seems to be nonspecific trapping. In view of experimental studies of mesangium function in macromolecular uptake and processing, it is possible that resolution of the characteristic @entity2 in @entity6 is promoted by mesangium activity.

title: Postpartum resolution of glomerular changes in @entity1 - XXXX - @entity3 @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the curative and adverse effect of recombinant @entity0 @entity8 (rhGH) in 2 @entity0 with isolated- @entity8 @entity10 (IGHDIA), to track sexual development and pregnancy, and reassess the quality of life in the adulthood. METHOD: The authors summarized the data of 2-sister cases with IGHDIA; followed up for assessment of height, weight, blood pressure and sexual development; detected fasting blood lipids, @entity6 , insulin, @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ); made an investigation of education and occupation, and so on. RESULT: After 6.2 and 7.3 years treatment with rhGH, the two sisters had considerably improved height from -7.8 @entity4 , -8.8 @entity4 to -2.6 @entity4 and -1.3 @entity4 respectively. No evident side effect was observed. They had normal sexual development and pregnancy. The levels of @entity7 and @entity9 were still low, in the elder sister they were 46.6   g/L, 2460   g/L, and in the younger 52.4   g/L, 2430   g/L. No @entity5 , @entity1 or @entity2 occurred. CONCLUSION: Long term therapy with rhGH may improve final adult height of individuals with IGHDIA. They can have normal sexual development and pregnancy. @entity3 did not occur during the follow-up period.

title: [Long-term follow-up of isolated- XXXX deficiency typeIA: the clinical analysis of 2-sister cases].

answer: @entity8


abstract: The metastatic invasion of @entity1 cells from primary @entity1 to distant ecological niches, rather than the primary @entity1 , is the cause of much @entity1 mortality [Zhang QB, et al. (2010) Int J Cancer 126:2534-2541; Chambers AF, Goss PE (2008) Breast Cancer Res 10:114]. @entity0 is a three-dimensional invasion process where cells spread from their site of origin and colonize distant microenvironmental niches. It is critical to be able to assess quantitatively the metastatic potential of @entity1 cells [Harma V, et al. (2010) PLoS ONE 5:e10431]. We have constructed a microfabricated chip with a three-dimensional topology consisting of lowlands and isolated square highlands (Tepuis), which stand hundreds of microns above the lowlands, in order to assess @entity1 cell metastatic potential as they invade the highlands. As a test case, the invasive ascents of the Tepui by highly metastatic PC-3 and noninvasive @entity2 cells were used. The vertical ascent by @entity2 cells from the lowlands to the tops of the Tepui was imaged using confocal microscopy and used as a measure of the relative invasiveness. The less-metastatic cells (LNCaP) never populated all available tops, leaving about 15% of them unoccupied, whereas the more metastatic PC-3 cells occupied all available Tepuis. We argue that this distinct difference in invasiveness is due to contact inhibition.

title: Probing the invasiveness of XXXX cells in a 3D microfabricated landscape.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In heavily calcified lesions, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) improves procedural success and facilitates stent deployment. Reports on @entity2 in the drug-eluting stent (DES) @entity5 are limited. The objective of this study was to determine the presenting characteristics, procedural and in-hospital clinical outcomes of @entity0 who underwent @entity2 at our institution in the DES @entity5 . METHODS: Consecutive cases involving @entity2 between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2009 at a private, tertiary referral hospital were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 158 @entity0 (236 lesions) who underwent @entity2 are described, including 112 @entity0 (158 lesions) with subsequent DES implantation, 19 @entity0 (28 lesions) with bare-metal stent (BMS) implantation, and 27 @entity0 (50 lesions) with no stent. @entity2 was utilized to modify heavily calcified plaque (84%), as bail-out therapy (16%), to preserve the patency of sidebranches (25%) and as debulking therapy for chronic @entity1 (13 lesions) and in-stent restenosis (7 lesions). DES were not placed in 46 @entity0 (23%) due to reference vessel diameter < 2.25 or > 3.75 mm, inability to deliver @entity4 , or desire to avert @entity3 therapy. Angiographic and procedural success rates were significantly higher in the DES and BMS groups compared with the no stent group (angiographic success: 99.1% for DES versus 95% for BMS versus 63% for no stent; p < 0.05; procedural success: 96.4% for DES versus 95% for BMS versus 63% for no stent; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In the DES @entity5 , @entity2 remains utilized primarily to modify heavily calcified plaque. In unadjusted analysis, procedural success appears high with subsequent stent placement (DES or BMS) versus @entity2 alone. However, 1 in 4 are not candidates for stent placement, and the lower procedural success rate in this population should be considered prior to embarking on @entity2 .

title: Rotational atherectomy in the drug-eluting stent XXXX : a single-center experience.

answer: @entity5


abstract: National and international statistics on the occurrence of @entity1 are generally based on death rates. In Denmark as elsewhere the morbidity and incidence of @entity1 is largely unknown. National @entity0 register data from 1976 to 1978 and data from a suburban county hospital register during 1971-1977 form the basis for calculations of hospital-related prevalence of @entity1 (discharge rates and consumption of bed-days). Furthermore, a measure of incidence was established and calculated for the suburban area. Mortality from @entity1 was about 10 per 100,000 population during 1976-77. Eight-five per cent of the @entity2 occurred in hospitals. Data from the national @entity0 register of somatic hospital wards underrated mortality from @entity1 by 40%. Death certificate data classified about 1/3 of th @entity2 as due to @entity3 , whereas @entity3 constituted 2/3 of the @entity2 in the material derived from the national @entity0 register. The discharge rate was about 60, and the expenditure of bed-days in somatic hospital departments was about 900 per 100,000 population during 1976-78. Forty per cent of the @entity0 were @entity0 . Seventy per cent of the @entity0 had @entity3 -80% of the male and 55% of the female @entity0 . The annual incidence of @entity1 during 1976-77 was about 27 per 100,000. Forty-three per cent of the @entity0 were @entity0 . Two thirds of the newly diagnosed cases of @entity1 were alcoholic-80% for @entity0 and 50% for @entity0 . These extended morbidity data on the occurrence of @entity1 can easily be incorporated in future data based @entity0 registers and should be applied in evaluation of costs and preventive strategies.

title: Morbidity, Mortality, and incidence of XXXX in Denmark 1976-1978.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Pegvisomant is a @entity3 antagonist that normalizes @entity1 ( @entity1 ) levels in @entity0 with @entity2 . Although the dose of pegvisomant is determined by the @entity1 level, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model for pegvisomant concentration and @entity1 reduction has not been established. This study was conducted to characterize PK/PD of pegvisomant, and to determine the influence of covariates on the pegvisomant PK/PD. Based on the data from 5 phase III studies in 168 @entity2 @entity0 , models were developed to characterize the PK/PD of pegvisomant. The PD variables were @entity1 serum concentrations. The modeling was performed with a nonlinear mixed-effects approach using NONMEM. After subcutaneous dosing, the PK of pegvisomant was described by a steady state PK model with dose- dependent clearance. Baseline GH and age were significant covariates for the clearance. A sigmoid E(max) model adequately described the relationship between @entity1 and pegvisomant concentrations. Baseline GH was found to be a significant covariate for the baseline effect (E(0)) and IC(50). The PK/PD properties of pegvisomant were not significantly different between Asian and Western @entity0 .

title: Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of pegvisomant in asian and Western XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Pegvisomant is a @entity3 antagonist that normalizes @entity1 ( @entity1 ) levels in @entity0 with @entity2 . Although the dose of pegvisomant is determined by the @entity1 level, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model for pegvisomant concentration and @entity1 reduction has not been established. This study was conducted to characterize PK/PD of pegvisomant, and to determine the influence of covariates on the pegvisomant PK/PD. Based on the data from 5 phase III studies in 168 @entity2 @entity0 , models were developed to characterize the PK/PD of pegvisomant. The PD variables were @entity1 serum concentrations. The modeling was performed with a nonlinear mixed-effects approach using NONMEM. After subcutaneous dosing, the PK of pegvisomant was described by a steady state PK model with dose- dependent clearance. Baseline GH and age were significant covariates for the clearance. A sigmoid E(max) model adequately described the relationship between @entity1 and pegvisomant concentrations. Baseline GH was found to be a significant covariate for the baseline effect (E(0)) and IC(50). The PK/PD properties of pegvisomant were not significantly different between Asian and Western @entity0 .

title: Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of pegvisomant in asian and Western @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mechanical failure of femoral stems at the modular junction of revision hip arthroplasty systems has been reported only infrequently. In the current study, the cause of six stem @entity1 , which occurred in vivo, was analyzed with use of clinical data and failure analysis. METHODS: Six @entity0 with a @entity1 at the mid-stem junction of a modular revision hip implant were identified in our database of @entity0 who had undergone revision arthroplasty. The characteristics of the @entity0 with a fractured stem were compared with those of 165 @entity0 from the same prospective database who had a modular stem implanted, had at least two years of follow-up, and had not had a @entity1 of the stem. Failure analysis of three implants (six @entity1 surfaces) was carried out, with use of microscopic, chemical, and microhardness characterization techniques. RESULTS: @entity0 with a fractured stem had significantly higher body mass indices than @entity0 without a stem @entity1 . Radiographs demonstrated that these femoral implants lacked adequate osseous support of the junction area of the stem. All stems failed approximately 1 to 2 mm proximal to the body-stem junction, thus indicating the presence of a bending moment. The chemical composition and microhardness matched those of @entity3 . Evidence of wear and @entity2 were found on the @entity1 surface. A wear strip was also observed along the circumference of the stem near the junction. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the stem failure was initiated by a fretting @entity2 mechanism and was propagated by a pure bending @entity2 mechanism. Risk factors for @entity1 of the modular junction include excessive body weight and inadequate proximal osseous support because of trochanteric osteotomy, reduced preoperative bone stock, osteolysis, loosening, and/or implant undersizing. Surgeons should consider the use of implants with strengthened junctions when using modular stems in such @entity0 .

title: XXXX of cementless femoral stems at the mid-stem junction in modular revision hip arthroplasty systems.

answer: @entity1


abstract: RATIONALE: In experimental @entity1 , nebulization of antibiotics provides high lung tissue concentrations and rapid bacterial killing. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of nebulized @entity7 and @entity6 in @entity5 caused by @entity2 . METHODS: Forty @entity0 with @entity5 caused by @entity2 were included in a randomized comparative phase II trial. Twenty @entity0 infected with susceptible or intermediate strains received nebulized @entity7 (15 mg  kg(-1)  3 h(-1)) and @entity6 (25 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1)). Seventeen @entity0 infected with susceptible strains received intravenous @entity7 (90 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1), continuous administration) and @entity6 (15 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1)). In three @entity0 infected with intermediate strains, @entity6 was replaced by @entity4 (400 mg  12 h(-1)). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: After 8 days of antibiotic administration, aerosol and intravenous groups were similar in terms of successful treatment (70 vs. 55%), treatment failure (15 vs. 30%), and superinfection with other microorganisms (15 vs. 15%). Antibiotic-induced changes in lung aeration, determined by computed tomography, were not different between groups (increase in gas volume, 159    460 vs. 251    583 ml; decrease in tissue volume, -58 [-77, 25] vs. -89 [-139, 5] ml). Acquisition of per-treatment antibiotic resistance was observed exclusively in the intravenous group. In the aerosol group, four @entity0 infected with intermediate strains were successfully treated. Nebulization induced an obstruction of the expiratory filter in three @entity0 . The obstruction caused @entity3 in one @entity0 , who fully recovered after brief cardiopulmonary resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS: Nebulization and intravenous infusion of @entity7 and @entity6 provide similar efficiency for treating @entity5 caused by @entity2 . Nebulization is efficient against intermediate strains and may prevent per-treatment acquisition of antibiotic resistance.

title: Nebulized @entity7 and @entity6 in XXXX caused by @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: RATIONALE: In experimental @entity1 , nebulization of antibiotics provides high lung tissue concentrations and rapid bacterial killing. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of nebulized @entity7 and @entity6 in @entity5 caused by @entity2 . METHODS: Forty @entity0 with @entity5 caused by @entity2 were included in a randomized comparative phase II trial. Twenty @entity0 infected with susceptible or intermediate strains received nebulized @entity7 (15 mg  kg(-1)  3 h(-1)) and @entity6 (25 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1)). Seventeen @entity0 infected with susceptible strains received intravenous @entity7 (90 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1), continuous administration) and @entity6 (15 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1)). In three @entity0 infected with intermediate strains, @entity6 was replaced by @entity4 (400 mg  12 h(-1)). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: After 8 days of antibiotic administration, aerosol and intravenous groups were similar in terms of successful treatment (70 vs. 55%), treatment failure (15 vs. 30%), and superinfection with other microorganisms (15 vs. 15%). Antibiotic-induced changes in lung aeration, determined by computed tomography, were not different between groups (increase in gas volume, 159    460 vs. 251    583 ml; decrease in tissue volume, -58 [-77, 25] vs. -89 [-139, 5] ml). Acquisition of per-treatment antibiotic resistance was observed exclusively in the intravenous group. In the aerosol group, four @entity0 infected with intermediate strains were successfully treated. Nebulization induced an obstruction of the expiratory filter in three @entity0 . The obstruction caused @entity3 in one @entity0 , who fully recovered after brief cardiopulmonary resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS: Nebulization and intravenous infusion of @entity7 and @entity6 provide similar efficiency for treating @entity5 caused by @entity2 . Nebulization is efficient against intermediate strains and may prevent per-treatment acquisition of antibiotic resistance.

title: Nebulized @entity7 and @entity6 in @entity5 caused by XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: RATIONALE: In experimental @entity1 , nebulization of antibiotics provides high lung tissue concentrations and rapid bacterial killing. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of nebulized @entity7 and @entity6 in @entity5 caused by @entity2 . METHODS: Forty @entity0 with @entity5 caused by @entity2 were included in a randomized comparative phase II trial. Twenty @entity0 infected with susceptible or intermediate strains received nebulized @entity7 (15 mg  kg(-1)  3 h(-1)) and @entity6 (25 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1)). Seventeen @entity0 infected with susceptible strains received intravenous @entity7 (90 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1), continuous administration) and @entity6 (15 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1)). In three @entity0 infected with intermediate strains, @entity6 was replaced by @entity4 (400 mg  12 h(-1)). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: After 8 days of antibiotic administration, aerosol and intravenous groups were similar in terms of successful treatment (70 vs. 55%), treatment failure (15 vs. 30%), and superinfection with other microorganisms (15 vs. 15%). Antibiotic-induced changes in lung aeration, determined by computed tomography, were not different between groups (increase in gas volume, 159    460 vs. 251    583 ml; decrease in tissue volume, -58 [-77, 25] vs. -89 [-139, 5] ml). Acquisition of per-treatment antibiotic resistance was observed exclusively in the intravenous group. In the aerosol group, four @entity0 infected with intermediate strains were successfully treated. Nebulization induced an obstruction of the expiratory filter in three @entity0 . The obstruction caused @entity3 in one @entity0 , who fully recovered after brief cardiopulmonary resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS: Nebulization and intravenous infusion of @entity7 and @entity6 provide similar efficiency for treating @entity5 caused by @entity2 . Nebulization is efficient against intermediate strains and may prevent per-treatment acquisition of antibiotic resistance.

title: Nebulized @entity7 and XXXX in @entity5 caused by @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: RATIONALE: In experimental @entity1 , nebulization of antibiotics provides high lung tissue concentrations and rapid bacterial killing. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of nebulized @entity7 and @entity6 in @entity5 caused by @entity2 . METHODS: Forty @entity0 with @entity5 caused by @entity2 were included in a randomized comparative phase II trial. Twenty @entity0 infected with susceptible or intermediate strains received nebulized @entity7 (15 mg  kg(-1)  3 h(-1)) and @entity6 (25 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1)). Seventeen @entity0 infected with susceptible strains received intravenous @entity7 (90 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1), continuous administration) and @entity6 (15 mg  kg(-1)  d(-1)). In three @entity0 infected with intermediate strains, @entity6 was replaced by @entity4 (400 mg  12 h(-1)). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: After 8 days of antibiotic administration, aerosol and intravenous groups were similar in terms of successful treatment (70 vs. 55%), treatment failure (15 vs. 30%), and superinfection with other microorganisms (15 vs. 15%). Antibiotic-induced changes in lung aeration, determined by computed tomography, were not different between groups (increase in gas volume, 159    460 vs. 251    583 ml; decrease in tissue volume, -58 [-77, 25] vs. -89 [-139, 5] ml). Acquisition of per-treatment antibiotic resistance was observed exclusively in the intravenous group. In the aerosol group, four @entity0 infected with intermediate strains were successfully treated. Nebulization induced an obstruction of the expiratory filter in three @entity0 . The obstruction caused @entity3 in one @entity0 , who fully recovered after brief cardiopulmonary resuscitation. CONCLUSIONS: Nebulization and intravenous infusion of @entity7 and @entity6 provide similar efficiency for treating @entity5 caused by @entity2 . Nebulization is efficient against intermediate strains and may prevent per-treatment acquisition of antibiotic resistance.

title: Nebulized XXXX and @entity6 in @entity5 caused by @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The arterial blockage in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) restricts @entity1 delivery to skeletal muscles distal to the blockage. In advanced-stage @entity5 @entity0 , this creates a chronic @entity2 in the affected muscles. However, in the majority of @entity5 @entity0 , the muscles distal to the blockage only become @entity2 during physical activity when the @entity1 demands of these muscles are increased. Therefore, the skeletal muscle of most @entity5 @entity0 undergoes repeated cycles of low-grade @entity2 -reperfusion each time the @entity0 is active and then rests. This has been speculated to contribute to the biochemical and morphological @entity3 observed in @entity5 @entity0 . The current study aimed to determine, using a rodent model, whether repeated hind limb muscle contractions during blood flow restriction to the hind limb muscles increases NF-kB activity. We, subsequently, determined whether an increase in NF-kB activity during this condition is required for the increased transcription of specific @entity4 -related genes and muscle fiber @entity4 . We found that hind limb muscle contractions during blood flow restriction to the limb increased NF-kB activity, the transcription of specific @entity4 -related genes, and caused a 35% decrease in muscle fiber cross-sectional area. We further found that inhibition of NF-kB activity, via gene transfer of a dominant-negative inhibitor of kBa (d.n. @entity6 ), prevented the increase in @entity4 gene expression and muscle fiber @entity4 . These findings demonstrate that when blood flow to skeletal muscle is restricted, repeated cycles of muscle contraction can cause muscle fiber @entity4 that requires NF-kB- @entity6 signaling.

title: XXXX degradation is necessary for skeletal muscle atrophy associated with contractile claudication.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the imaging features of intrahepatic mass-forming @entity5 (IMCCs) at computed tomography (CT), with a special emphasis on the degree and pattern of arterial enhancement, and to determine whether the clinicopathologic features of IMCCs with arterial enhancement differ from those of IMCCs with less arterial enhancement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The institutional review board of Seoul National University Hospital approved this retrospective study, and informed @entity0 consent was waived. Sixty-four @entity0 with 70 pathologically confirmed IMCCs after surgical resection underwent multiphasic CT-unenhanced, hepatic arterial phase (HAP), portal venous phase, and/or equilibrium phase imaging. CT images were retrospectively evaluated for @entity1 morphology and enhancement features. @entity0 were placed into typical or atypical enhancement groups according to the presence of enhancement in the largest volume (>50%) of the @entity1 during the HAP. Imaging features of IMCCs were correlated with pathologic features. The typical and atypical enhancement groups were compared with respect to disease-free survival and overall survival. Survival rates were calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences in survival were compared by using the log-rank test. A Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate survival analysis. RESULTS: Fifty (71%) of 70 IMCCs showed typical arterial enhancement, and 20 (29%) showed atypical enhancement. The mean diameter of atypical IMCCs was significantly smaller than that of typical IMCCs (P = .001). @entity6 was more frequent in the group with @entity3 (P = .021). During the HAP, the prevalent enhancement pattern in this group was a mixed pattern of peripheral rim and internal heterogeneous enhancement. At pathologic evaluation, atypically enhancing IMCCs showed less central stroma and @entity2 and larger cellular areas and more frequently had a cholangiolocellular component than typically enhancing IMCCs. Arterial enhancement of IMCCs was found to be an independent prognostic factor for longer disease-free survival. CONCLUSION: Arterially enhancing IMCCs were not rare; thus, enhancement pattern analysis of arterially enhancing IMCCs will be helpful in differentiating them from @entity4 . In addition, arterial enhancement of IMCCs appears to correlate with disease-free survival.

title: Intrahepatic mass-forming XXXX : enhancement patterns at multiphasic CT, with special emphasis on arterial enhancement pattern--correlation with clinicopathologic findings.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of @entity0 at biennial screening mammography and to assess the sensitivity of screening in the detection of @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: All @entity1 gave written informed consent, and the requirement to obtain review board approval was waived. The authors included all 302,196 screening mammograms obtained in 80,466 @entity1 aged 50-75 years in a southern breast screening region of the Netherlands between May 1998 and July 2008. During 2-year follow-up, the authors collected clinical data, breast imaging reports, biopsy results, and breast surgery reports from all @entity1 with screening-detected and interval @entity2 . Two screening radiologists reviewed the screening and clinical mammograms of all bilateral screening-detected and interval @entity2 for @entity3 . The radiologists were initially blinded to each other's referral opinion, and discrepant assessments were followed by consensus reading. RESULTS: Of all @entity1 with screening-detected @entity2 (n = 1555) or interval @entity2 (n = 585), 52 (2.4%) had @entity0 . The sensitivity of screening mammography in the detection of @entity0 was 19% (10 of 52 @entity1 ; 95% confidence interval: 8.5%, 29.9%). At blinded review, 18 of the 53 @entity2 not detected at screening (34%) were considered to be missed, 11 (21%) showed nonspecific minimal signs, and 24 (45%) had been mammographically occult at screening. Five @entity1 referred for further analysis experienced a 6-17-month delay in the diagnosis of the second @entity0 ; in four of those @entity1 , the delay resulted from an incorrect Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System classification at clinical mammography. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of screening mammography in the detection of @entity0 is disappointingly low. Both screening radiologists and clinical radiologists should pay vigorous attention to the contralateral breast to detect bilateral @entity2 without diagnostic delay.

title: XXXX at biennial screening mammography in the Netherlands: a population-based study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A large outbreak of @entity6 has been reported in the Netherlands with over 3500 cases from 2007 to 2009, during which 749 @entity0 were hospitalised. In foreign cohorts, reported mortality rates in @entity0 hospitalised with @entity6 , ranged from 0.9 to 2.4%. We analysed mortality among hospitalised @entity0 with @entity6 in the Netherlands. METHODS: Physicians from hospitals in the afflicted region were asked to provide details about @entity0 who died with a diagnosis of @entity6 between 2007 and 2009. RESULTS: Nine @entity0 (seven males, median age 72 years) from six hospitals were reported, who died within approximately one month following hospitalisation for @entity6 . Six definite @entity6 cases and three probable cases were identified. Six @entity0 presented with infiltrates on the chest X-ray and a median CURB-65 score of 3. Median time of hospitalisation was 13 days (range 1-33). All @entity0 had serious, often coinciding, underlying conditions including chronic @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity2 and @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The mortality rate of @entity0 hospitalised because of @entity6 was estimated at approximately 1%. @entity0 who died with @entity6 were often male, of older age, and had chronic coinciding underlying conditions, which gives an a priori higher risk of @entity4 .

title: XXXX related in-hospital mortality in the Netherlands.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Angiogenesis facilitates metabolism, proliferation and metastasis of @entity2 cells in the prostate, as without the development of new vasculature @entity0 growth cannot be sustained. However, angiogenesis is variable with the well-known phenomenon of vascular 'hotspots' seen associated with viable @entity0 cell mass. With the recent recognition of pericytes as molecular regulators of angiogenesis, we have examined the interaction of these cells in actively growing new vessels. METHODS: Pericyte interactions with developing new vessels were examined using transmission electron microscopy. Pericyte distribution was mapped from @entity3 + immunostained histological sections and quantified using image analysis. Data was obtained from peripheral and more central regions of 27 cases with Gleason scores of 4-9. RESULTS: Pericyte numbers were increased around developing new vessel sprouts at sites of luminal maturation. Numbers were reduced around the actively growing tips of migrating endothelial cells and functional new vessels. @entity0 regions internal to a 500- m peripheral band showed higher microvessel pericyte density than the peripheral region. CONCLUSION: Pericytes were found to be key cellular components of developing new vessels in @entity1 . Their numbers increased at sites of luminal maturation with these cells displaying an activated phenotype different to quiescent pericytes. Increased pericyte density was found internal to the peripheral region, suggesting more mature vessels lie more centrally.

title: Vascular pericyte density and angiogenesis associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We assessed the benefits and harm of reduced salt intake in @entity0 with essential @entity3 focusing on @entity0 -relevant outcomes and blood pressure. METHODS: A systematic search of five electronic databases was performed to identify high-quality secondary literature based on @entity1 ( @entity1 ). An update primary literature search ( @entity1 ) was performed for the time period up to 2010 that was not covered by secondary literature. Major outcomes were @entity5 , @entity2 /mortality, hospital stays, @entity4 , quality of life, and adverse events. Change in blood pressure was defined as surrogate parameter. RESULTS: Four different systematic reviews and two @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. Only one review reported limited data on @entity0 -relevant outcomes. Over an intervention period of up to 12 months, mean @entity7 was reduced by 3.6-8.0 mmHg in all reviews. For the same intervention period, a statistically significant advantage with regard to mean @entity6 reduction ranging from 1.9 to 2.8 mmHg was found in three reviews. The fourth publication reported a nonsignificant reduction ( @entity6 reduction of 4.7 mmHg). None of the @entity1 identified in the primary literature search update reported data on @entity0 -relevant outcomes. However, both @entity1 found blood pressure improvements with salt reduction. CONCLUSION: A benefit from a salt-reduced diet in @entity0 with high blood pressure is not proven with regard to @entity0 -relevant outcomes based on systematic reviews and @entity1 published up to 2010. The results indicate a blood pressure-lowering effect through reduced salt intake in @entity3 @entity0 .

title: Benefit assessment of salt reduction in @entity0 with XXXX : systematic overview.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We assessed the benefits and harm of reduced salt intake in @entity0 with essential @entity3 focusing on @entity0 -relevant outcomes and blood pressure. METHODS: A systematic search of five electronic databases was performed to identify high-quality secondary literature based on @entity1 ( @entity1 ). An update primary literature search ( @entity1 ) was performed for the time period up to 2010 that was not covered by secondary literature. Major outcomes were @entity5 , @entity2 /mortality, hospital stays, @entity4 , quality of life, and adverse events. Change in blood pressure was defined as surrogate parameter. RESULTS: Four different systematic reviews and two @entity1 met the inclusion criteria. Only one review reported limited data on @entity0 -relevant outcomes. Over an intervention period of up to 12 months, mean @entity7 was reduced by 3.6-8.0 mmHg in all reviews. For the same intervention period, a statistically significant advantage with regard to mean @entity6 reduction ranging from 1.9 to 2.8 mmHg was found in three reviews. The fourth publication reported a nonsignificant reduction ( @entity6 reduction of 4.7 mmHg). None of the @entity1 identified in the primary literature search update reported data on @entity0 -relevant outcomes. However, both @entity1 found blood pressure improvements with salt reduction. CONCLUSION: A benefit from a salt-reduced diet in @entity0 with high blood pressure is not proven with regard to @entity0 -relevant outcomes based on systematic reviews and @entity1 published up to 2010. The results indicate a blood pressure-lowering effect through reduced salt intake in @entity3 @entity0 .

title: Benefit assessment of salt reduction in XXXX with @entity3 : systematic overview.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 is a common problem of the aged @entity0 population. Recent experimental and clinical studies provide sufficient evidence that apart from @entity6 , insulin also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity3 . The present study was aimed to investigate the relative influence of @entity2 and insulin on the cellular proliferation and prostatic growth. Effect of @entity2 on the prostate of hypoinsulinemic, and glandular injection of @entity9 antagonist S961 on the prostate of castrated @entity1 (220  10 g) was examined. Significant decrease in the weight of the ventral prostate was observed in the @entity7 -induced hypoinsulinemic @entity1 (~6 fold), which is restored by the intervention of @entity2 . Although, glandular injection of S961 did not led to any change in the frequency of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) positive cells in normal @entity1 , significant decrease was observed in the castrated @entity1 . Castration led to increase in the frequency of the @entity8 and the TUNEL positive cells in the ventral prostate. Further, long-term (6 weeks) administration of S961 induced significant decrease in the weight of the ventral prostate. Results of the present study provide that both @entity2 and insulin promote prostatic cell proliferation and change in the level of either of the hormone results in the destabilization of cellular equilibrium, and modulation of the @entity9 signaling in the prostate may provide an alternative strategy for the treatment of @entity4 . Further, studies are required to better understand the interplay between these hormones in the regulation of prostatic growth.

title: Relative influence of XXXX and insulin in the regulation of prostatic cell proliferation and growth.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: Occurrence of ocular motor @entity2 (OMCNP), following @entity1 , has not been reported in relation to the type of OMCNP seen and in relation to brain area affected by @entity1 . The aim of this study was to identify all @entity0 referred with suspected @entity3 to establish the presence and type of OMCNP. METHODS: Prospective, observation study with standardised referral and assessment forms across 20 sites. Visual assessment included visual acuity measurement, visual field assessment, ocular alignment, and movement and visual inattention assessment. Multicentre ethics approval and informed @entity0 consent was obtained. RESULTS: In total, 915 @entity0 were recruited with mean age of 69.18 years (SD 14.19). Altogether, 498 @entity0 (54%) were diagnosed with @entity5 . Of these, 89 @entity0 (18%) had OMCNP. Unilateral @entity7 was present in 23 @entity0 (26%), @entity9 in 14 @entity0 (16%), and @entity8 in 52 @entity0 (58%). Out of these, 44 @entity0 had isolated OMCNP and 45 had OMCNP combined with other @entity5 . Location of @entity1 was reported mainly in cerebellum, brain stem, thalamus, and internal and external capsules. Treatment was provided for each case including prisms, occlusion, typoscope, scanning exercises, and refraction. CONCLUSIONS: OMCNP account for 18% of eye @entity4 in this @entity1 sub-population. Sixth @entity10 was most common, followed by third and fourth @entity10 . Half were isolated and half combined with other @entity6 . Most were treated with prisms or occlusion. The reported brain area affected by @entity1 was typically the cerebellum, brain stem, and diencephalic structures.

title: Prevalence of ocular motor @entity2 and associations following XXXX .

answer: @entity1