abstract: OBJECTIVES: To test the clinical value and role of uCyt+ as a noninvasive tool for the detection and surveillance of @entity3 . METHODS: Included in this prospective study were 235 @entity0 (mean age 71.5 years, range 32 to 86). Of these, 98 @entity0 had signs and symptoms suggestive of @entity2 and 137 @entity0 were being followed up after complete transurethral resection of superficial @entity1 ( @entity1 ). All @entity0 underwent urinary cytology and the uCyt+ test performed on ThinPrep (thin layer). All underwent subsequent cystoscopy and evaluation of any suspicious lesion by biopsy. RESULTS: A total of 102 @entity0 had histologically proven @entity1 . In the group of @entity0 with signs and symptoms suspicious of @entity1 , the sensitivity of cytology increased from 5% for G1 to 84.6% for G3 @entity1 ; for uCyt+, it was 85% for G1, 100% for G2, and 92.3% for G3 @entity1 . Combining cytology and uCyt+, the sensitivity was 85% for @entity4 . In the group of follow-up @entity0 , the sensitivity of cytology increased from 4.3% for G1 to 94.4% for G3 @entity1 ; for uCyt+, it was 78.2% for G1, 70% for G2, and 94.4% for G3 @entity1 . Combining both tests, the sensitivity was 78.2% for G1, 90% for G2, and 100% for G3. CONCLUSIONS: The uCyt+ is a valid test in the detection of @entity1 of all grades and stages. It improves the sensitivity of cytology in low-grade @entity1 . The two tests combined may be a highly sensitive method to detect @entity1 early in detection and surveillance.

title: Role of uCyt+ in the detection and surveillance of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Liver metastases (LM) from @entity0 are generally considered as disseminated disease with a poor prognosis. However in selected @entity1 hepatectomy may be an important adjunct to systemic treatment. METHODS: Fifty-four @entity0 @entity1 (mean age 49.2 +/- 5.2 years) with LM as the sole site of metastatic disease (except for bone metastases in 3 @entity1 ) underwent hepatectomy between 1986 and 2000. The mean number of LM was 4.0 +/- 8. All @entity1 presented either a stable disease or an objective response to chemotherapy. The last 25 @entity1 also underwent hepatic artery catheter installation in order to receive postoperative hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). RESULTS: The postoperative morbidity was 12.9%. There was no postoperative mortality. R0 and R1-R2 resections were obtained in, respectively, 81.5% and 18.5% of @entity1 . After a median follow-up of 32 months the median survival was 34 +/- 9 months, with 3- and 5-year overall survival rates of 50% and 34%, and 3- and 5-year disease-free survival rates of 42% and 22%, respectively. The number of LM, the presence of hilar lymph nodes (33%), and the completeness of resection had no significant prognostic impact. The only factor influencing survival in both the univariate and multivariate analysis was the hormone receptor status (P = 0.03): the relative risk of @entity2 was increased by 3.5-fold when negative. In the HAIC group, the liver recurrence rate decreased from 60.5% to 31.2% without any impact on global survival. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatectomy is beneficial for selected @entity1 with isolated LM. Indications should be based more on technical (low operative risk, probable R0 resection) than on oncologic criteria. The decision is simple for young @entity1 but more difficult for older @entity1 in whom a negative hormone receptor status appears to be a contraindication.

title: An attempt to clarify indications for hepatectomy for liver metastases from XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Angiogenesis is the growth of both new vascular and lymphatic blood vessels from the existing vasculature. During this process, blood endothelial cells (BECs) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) express specific markers, which help their discrimination and easier identification. Since the coronary thrombi material aspirated from @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) proved as good angiogenesis model, we investigated the expression of @entity3 and @entity2 as BECs markers, and D2-40, @entity5 and @entity4 as LEC markers in this material. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Aspirated thrombi were stained immunohistochemically for @entity3 , @entity2 , D2-40, @entity5 and @entity4 . Organizational patterns of immunopositive cells were graded as single cells, clusters or microvessels. Double immunofluorescence for @entity2 , D2-40, @entity5 and VEGRF3 was done. Thrombi were also graded as fresh (<1day old), lytic (1-5days old) and organized (>5days old). RESULTS: Serial sections of aspirated thrombi showed concordant BEC and LEC markers immunopositivity. Double immunoflorescence proved co-expression of @entity2 and LEC markers on the same cells. Cells expressing LEC markers organized in clusters and microvessels were mainly present in lytic and organized thrombi. CONCLUSION: Co-expression of BEC and LEC markers on the same non-tumorous cell during thrombus neovascularization indicates existing in vivo plasticity of endothelial cells under non-tumorous pathological conditions. It also points that @entity3 and @entity2 on one hand, and D2-40, @entity5 and @entity4 immunostaining on the other hand, cannot solely be a reliable indicators whether vessel is lymphatic or not.

title: Co-expression of vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell markers on early endothelial cells present in aspirated coronary thrombi from @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Angiogenesis is the growth of both new vascular and lymphatic blood vessels from the existing vasculature. During this process, blood endothelial cells (BECs) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) express specific markers, which help their discrimination and easier identification. Since the coronary thrombi material aspirated from @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) proved as good angiogenesis model, we investigated the expression of @entity3 and @entity2 as BECs markers, and D2-40, @entity5 and @entity4 as LEC markers in this material. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Aspirated thrombi were stained immunohistochemically for @entity3 , @entity2 , D2-40, @entity5 and @entity4 . Organizational patterns of immunopositive cells were graded as single cells, clusters or microvessels. Double immunofluorescence for @entity2 , D2-40, @entity5 and VEGRF3 was done. Thrombi were also graded as fresh (<1day old), lytic (1-5days old) and organized (>5days old). RESULTS: Serial sections of aspirated thrombi showed concordant BEC and LEC markers immunopositivity. Double immunoflorescence proved co-expression of @entity2 and LEC markers on the same cells. Cells expressing LEC markers organized in clusters and microvessels were mainly present in lytic and organized thrombi. CONCLUSION: Co-expression of BEC and LEC markers on the same non-tumorous cell during thrombus neovascularization indicates existing in vivo plasticity of endothelial cells under non-tumorous pathological conditions. It also points that @entity3 and @entity2 on one hand, and D2-40, @entity5 and @entity4 immunostaining on the other hand, cannot solely be a reliable indicators whether vessel is lymphatic or not.

title: Co-expression of vascular and lymphatic endothelial cell markers on early endothelial cells present in aspirated coronary thrombi from XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to determine the transition rate and factors associated with the progression of normo- and low microalbuminuria to @entity6 (overt @entity4 ). METHODS: For 8 years we prospectively observed 1,558 Japanese @entity0 with @entity1 whose basal urinary albumin: @entity5 ratio (UACR) had been measured as <17.0 mg/mmol at entry. The incidence of @entity2 (UACR >33.9 mg/mmol) was determined by measuring UACR twice a year. RESULTS: Progression to @entity2 occurred in 74 @entity0 . The annual transition rate was 0.67%, and was substantially higher for the low-microalbuminuric group than for the normoalbuminuric group (1.85% and 0.23%, respectively; hazard ratio for the low-microalbuminuric group 8.45, p   <   0.01). The hazard ratio for an HbA(1c) of 7-9% or >= 9% was 2.72 (p   <   0.01) or 5.81 (p   <   0.01) relative to HbA(1c) <7.0%, respectively. In comparison with individuals with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of <120 mmHg, the hazard ratios for @entity0 with an SBP of 120-140 mmHg or >= 140 mmHg were 2.31 (p   =   0.06) and 3.54 (p   <   0.01), respectively. Smoking also affected progression to @entity4 (hazard ratio 1.99, p   <   0.01). In contrast, 30.3% of the low-microalbuminuric group returned to normoalbuminuria (i.e. were in remission). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These results suggest that if @entity0 with @entity1 are receiving treatment from diabetologists for hyperglycaemia and @entity3 when they are in the early stages of @entity2 (i.e. normo- or low microalbuminuria), their rate of transition to @entity4 is considerably lowered, and that differentiating @entity0 with low microalbuminuria from those with high microalbuminuria might be clinically useful. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry C000000222.

title: Low transition rate from normo- and low microalbuminuria to XXXX in Japanese type 2 diabetic individuals: the Japan Diabetes Complications Study (JDCS).

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity0 bioassays are important tools to determine biological effects of chemical agents on species. The questions remained on, what effects have been imposed on each of the different molecular site of cells by chemical exposure and how to find a pattern for chemical @entity0 . To address the questions, HepG2 cell lines were exposed to the different concentrations of @entity1 for 24 hours to result cell mortality in the range of one to one hundred percent. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been used in this study to analyze the chemical alterations on HepG2 cell line by @entity1 . @entity3 ( @entity3 ) analysis was then applied to the FTIR spectrum results to search for a biomarker peak and present the desire cellular effects of @entity1 . The comparison of cellular FTIR spectra after exposure to different concentrations of @entity1 confirmed the binding of @entity1 to DNA through direct interaction of @entity2 to @entity4 and @entity5 bases of DNA. Biochemical Index Spectra (BIS) were defined based on the differences between of normal and @entity1 exposed cells. Information from the BIS was subjected to @entity3 analysis to trigger any particular relationship between the @entity0 spectral response and @entity1 concentration. This approach was capable of predicting the concentration of @entity1 for any particular effects observed in the cellular FTIR spectrum (R(2) = 0.968    0.037). Our work supports the promises that, FTIR can demonstrate the trace of @entity0 before the cells dies. Finally, @entity3 of FTIR data directly predicts the effective concentration of chemicals in particular cellular components.

title: Predicting of Effective Dose as Biomarker for XXXX Using Partial Least Square-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (PLS_FTIR).

answer: @entity0


abstract: We have investigated whether intracellular signal transduction molecules can be used as immunohistological markers of normal and neoplastic @entity0 leucocytes in routine tissue sections. We obtained selective labelling of white cells for eight such molecules (the 'linker' molecules @entity12 and @entity9 , the Src family kinases @entity10 , @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity4 , and the phospholipases @entity7 and @entity11 ). Antibodies to @entity12 and @entity7 selectively labelled T cells, and antibodies to @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity11 labelled B cells (although @entity6 immunostaining was restricted to mantle zone B cells). Antibodies to the @entity8 and @entity4 kinases labelled probable thymocyte precursors at the periphery of the thymic cortex. In addition to lymphoid cells, several other leucocyte types were immunostained (e.g. @entity12 , @entity10 , @entity8 and @entity4 were found in megakaryocytes, myeloid cells and/or macrophages, and @entity11 was detected in arterial endothelium). @entity12 and @entity7 were found in most @entity2 studied, and some @entity3 were also positive for @entity7 (e.g. diffuse large cell and @entity5 ). The five B cell-associated markers were found in most B-cell non-Hodgkin's @entity1 , although some diffuse large @entity3 were negative (e.g. for @entity10 ) and anti- @entity6 tended not to stain small B-cell neoplasms. The observation that a range of leucocyte signalling molecules can be detected in routine biopsies offers new possibilities for studying normal and neoplastic @entity0 white cells in diagnostic tissue samples.

title: Intracellular signalling molecules as immunohistochemical markers of normal and neoplastic XXXX leucocytes in routine biopsy samples.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to reveal pathologic characteristics and clinical behaviour of @entity0 40 years old or younger diagnosed with and treated for urothelial @entity2 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathologic data of 91 @entity0 , initially diagnosed and treated at our institution from May 1996 to December 2014. @entity1 recurrence was defined as new occurrence of @entity2 at the same or different sites of the bladder. @entity1 progression was defined as an increase in stage or grade in any of the recurrences. RESULTS: The mean age was 33.8 (range: 17-40) years. The pathological examination after transurethral resection revealed 83 (91.2%) @entity0 with non-muscle invasive @entity2 , and 8 (8.8%) @entity0 with muscle invasive @entity2 . According to the distribution of grade, there were 75, 4 and 12 @entity0 with grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 diseases, respectively. Initial @entity1 staging was: pTa with 40 @entity0 (43.9%), pT1 with 43 @entity0 (47.2%), pT2 with 7 @entity0 (7.6%), and pT3 with 1 @entity0 (1.2%). While 17 (18.6%) @entity0 recurred in the follow-up, 10 (10.9%) @entity0 had progression. There were no differences in recurrence and progression rates in the Ta and T1 stages between groups (p = 0.233, p = 0.511, respectively). CONCLUSION: The risk of progression increased as the number of relapses increased. The clinical behaviour of high-stage and high-grade disease in younger @entity0 is similar to the older group.

title: Urothelial XXXX in young adults: Diagnosis, treatment and clinical behaviour.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the costs associated with caring for severely demented residents nursing homes with and without feeding tubes. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: A 700-bed long-term care facility in Boston. @entity0 : Nursing home residents aged 65 years and over with advanced @entity1 and eating problems for whom long-term feeding tube had been discussed as a treatment option. MEASUREMENTS: Costs were compared over the 6 months that followed the tube-feeding decision for those residents who did and did not undergo feeding tube placement for the following items: nursing time, physician assessments, food, hospitalizations, emergency room visits, diagnostic tests, treatment with antibiotics and parenteral hydration, and feeding tube insertion. RESULTS: Twenty-two subjects were included, 11 were tube-fed (mean age 84.3 years +/- 6.0) and 11 were hand-fed (mean age 90.2 years +/- 9.1). The daily costs of nursing home care were higher for the residents without feeding tubes compared with residents with tubes ( 4219 +/- 1546 vs  2379 +/- 1032, P = 0.006). Nonetheless, Medicaid reimbursement to nursing homes in at least 26 states is higher for demented residents who are tube-fed than for residents with similar deficits who are not tube-fed. Costs typically billed to Medicare were greater for the tube-fed @entity0 ( 6994 +/- 5790 vs.  959 +/- 591, P < 0.001), primarily because of the high costs associated with initial feeding tube placement and hospitalizations or @entity2 for the management of complications of tube-feeding. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing homes are faced with a potential fiscal incentive to tube-feed residents with advanced @entity1 : tube-fed residents generate a higher daily reimbursement rate from Medicaid, yet require less expensive nursing home care. From a Medicare perspective, tube-fed @entity0 are expensive due to the high costs associated with feeding tube placement and acute management of complications. Further work is needed to determine whether these potential financial incentives influence tube-feeding decisions in practice.

title: Tube-feeding versus hand-feeding nursing home residents with advanced XXXX : a cost comparison.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ), or @entity2 ( @entity2 ), is an autosomal dominant condition responsible for early onset @entity1 mostly in the colonrectum and endometrium as well as in other organ sites. @entity4 is caused by germline mutations in mismatch repair genes, prevalently in @entity5 , @entity7 , and less frequently in @entity6 and @entity8 . Twenty-nine non-related index cases with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were collected from a region in southeast Italy (Apulia). Among this set of @entity0 , fifteen fulfilled the Amsterdam criteria II. The presence of @entity1 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was assessed in all index cases and 19 (15 AC+/4 AC-) were classified as @entity3 . Mutation analysis performed on all @entity0 , identified 15 pathogenic mutations in @entity9 in @entity5 . 4/15 mutations in @entity10 /4 @entity5 mutations have not been previously reported. Three previously reported mutations were further investigated for the possibility of a common founder effect. Genetic counseling was offered to all probands and extended to 183 relatives after molecular testing and 85 (46%) mutation carriers were identified. Eighty mutation carriers underwent an accurate clinical and instrumental surveillance protocol. Our results confirm that the identification of @entity4 @entity0 based exclusively on family history may miss @entity0 carrying germline mutations in the MMR genes. Moreover, our results demonstrated that molecular screening and subsequent instrumental surveillance are very effective in identifying CRCs at earlier stages and reducing the number of deaths from secondary cancers in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Identification and surveillance of 19 XXXX families in southern Italy: report of six novel germline mutations and a common founder mutation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antiphospholipid antibodies are associated with @entity2 and fetal loss, and have been reported elevated in @entity0 with @entity3 . Site: Preeclampsia-Eclampsia Research Unit, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de Mexico, Toluca, Mexico and the Specialty Hospital Research Unit, La Raza Medical Center, Mexico City, Mexico. OBJECTIVE: To determine the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies (IgG-IgM) as markers of acute endothelial damage in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized case control study composed of two groups: Group A (cases), 18 @entity0 with @entity3 and group B (control), 18 normal pregnancies. Antiphospholipid (anticardiolipin) antibodies were determined in both groups in addition to with coagulation tests and clinical variables in mother and newborn in day of admission and nine weeks after obstetrical resolution. We excluded patients with anticoagulant or dialysis therapy, taking NSAIDs or who recently required transfusion or plasmaferesis. RESULTS: There were significant differences in levels of IgM and in weights and mortality among newborns between the two groups. In terms of maternal complications, we found @entity4 as leading cause. We also observed in the case group significant differences in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and IgM levels between admission day and nine weeks later. Our results lead us to the conclusion that there must be exist immunologic mechanism that induces synthesis of anticardiolipin antibodies (IgM isotype) during acute state of the disease, accounting for vascular changes and prothrombotic state responsible for @entity1 .

title: [IgM antiphospholipical antibodies in XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Splenectomy is gaining increasing importance for cirrhotic @entity0 with @entity5 . However, its safety and efficacy for @entity0 with chronic @entity2 remain unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively examined the medical records of 38 consecutive cirrhotic @entity0 who underwent splenectomy or simultaneous hepatectomy and @entity1 . RESULTS: White blood cell and platelet counts significantly increased 3 months after splenectomy. Serum levels of total @entity3 and prothrombin time significantly improved 1 year after splenectomy. Interferon therapy was administered to 25 @entity0 after splenectomy. A sustained viral response was achieved in 8 @entity0 (42%). The total incidence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) detected by postoperative dynamic computed tomography was 13/38 (34.2%). Multivariate analysis revealed preoperative spleen volume (SV) to be the sole independent predictor of postoperative @entity4 . Receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis showed that a cut-off SV of 450 ml corresponded to a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 56%. CONCLUSIONS: Splenectomy improved the liver function and facilitated effective interferon therapy in cirrhotic @entity0 with @entity5 , although preoperative SV was frequently associated with postoperative @entity4 .

title: Splenectomy in chronic hepatic disorders: portal vein XXXX and improvement of liver function.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Profilins are ubiquitous proteins, present in all eukaryotic cells and identified as allergens in pollen, latex and plant foods. The highly conserved structure justifies the cross-reactive nature of IgE antibodies against plant profilins and their designation as pan-allergens. Primary sensitization to profilin seems to arise from pollen sensitization with later development of cross-reactive IgE antibodies against plant food (and possibly latex) profilins. The role of profilin in inducing @entity1 needs to be evaluated and raises important issues in @entity3 diagnosis due to cross-reactivity. IgE cross-reactivity among profilins is associated with multiple pollen sensitization and with various @entity5 . In @entity4 , sensitization to pollen to which the @entity0 has virtually no environmental exposure has been identified as a manifestation of profilin sensitization. As a food allergen, profilin usually elicits mild reactions, such as @entity3 , is not modified by processing and is especially important in @entity3 to some fruits, such as @entity6 , watermelon, banana, @entity2 , citrus fruit and persimmon. Purified natural and recombinant profilins for in vitro and in vivo @entity3 tests are helpful in the diagnostic work-up. Herein we review the current state of knowledge about the allergen profilin and its implications in the diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 . We conclude that, although its role in triggering @entity1 is still controversial, profilin is undoubtedly a relevant allergen. As a pan-allergen, profilin is associated with multiple pollen sensitization and pollen-food-latex syndromes that the allergist has to be aware of in order to accomplish an accurate diagnosis and successful treatment of @entity1 .

title: Profilins: mimickers of XXXX or relevant allergens?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Past research indicates that @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 are less likely than non-Hispanic white (NHW) @entity0 to have an @entity1 ( @entity1 ) diagnosis, even if they seem to meet criteria for the disorder. This study examined differences in community identification of ASDs between @entity5 and NHW @entity0 identified by a population-based surveillance system. METHODS: @entity0 were identified as an @entity1 surveillance case by the Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program in surveillance years 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2006. Health and education records were abstracted and reviewed to determine @entity1 surveillance case status; community identification was defined by a documented @entity1 diagnosis, special education eligibility, and behaviors noted in records. @entity0 were placed in 1 of 5 mutually exclusive categories on the basis of @entity1 specificity. RESULTS: Total @entity1 prevalence was higher for NHW than @entity5 @entity0 , but @entity5 @entity0 were more likely than NHW @entity0 to have @entity4 and @entity4 eligibility at a public school documented in records. @entity5 @entity0 were less likely than NHW @entity0 to have @entity2 -not otherwise specified and @entity6 documented in records, even after controlling for socioeconomic status. @entity5 @entity0 were more likely than NHW @entity0 to have co-occurring @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity5 @entity0 were less likely than NHW @entity0 to have been identified with less severe ASDs, which might have prevented or delayed intervention services that would have catered to their needs. This study illustrates the need for continued professional education, particularly concerning milder ASDs in minority groups.

title: Racial disparities in community identification of XXXX over time; Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, 2000-2006.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity7 is an @entity2 characterized by @entity5 that are refractory to medication in severely affected individuals. The mechanism involved in drug resistance in @entity7 is unknown. The proteins @entity6 (multidrug resistance) and @entity8 ) are linked to chemotherapy resistance in @entity1 cells. However, the relationship between refractoriness to antiepileptic drugs and @entity6 or @entity8 brain expression has been poorly studied. We have previously described a case of @entity7 with @entity4 that expressed multidrug resistance gene ( @entity6 ) in tuber cells from @entity3 . In this retrospective study, we describe the expression of @entity6 and @entity8 in the @entity7 of three pediatric @entity0 with @entity7 and @entity4 surgically treated. Monoclonal antibodies for @entity6 and @entity8 proteins were used for immunohistochemistry. In epileptogenic cortical tuber brain specimens, @entity6 and @entity8 proteins were strongly immunoreactive in abnormal balloon cells, dysplastic neurons, astrocytes, microglial cells, and some blood-brain vessels. A more extensive @entity6 immunoreactivity was observed. These data suggest that @entity4 phenotype in @entity7 can be associated with the expression of both multidrug resistance @entity6 and @entity8 transporters in @entity7 .

title: Multidrug resistance proteins in XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity7 is an @entity2 characterized by @entity5 that are refractory to medication in severely affected individuals. The mechanism involved in drug resistance in @entity7 is unknown. The proteins @entity6 (multidrug resistance) and @entity8 ) are linked to chemotherapy resistance in @entity1 cells. However, the relationship between refractoriness to antiepileptic drugs and @entity6 or @entity8 brain expression has been poorly studied. We have previously described a case of @entity7 with @entity4 that expressed multidrug resistance gene ( @entity6 ) in tuber cells from @entity3 . In this retrospective study, we describe the expression of @entity6 and @entity8 in the @entity7 of three pediatric @entity0 with @entity7 and @entity4 surgically treated. Monoclonal antibodies for @entity6 and @entity8 proteins were used for immunohistochemistry. In epileptogenic cortical tuber brain specimens, @entity6 and @entity8 proteins were strongly immunoreactive in abnormal balloon cells, dysplastic neurons, astrocytes, microglial cells, and some blood-brain vessels. A more extensive @entity6 immunoreactivity was observed. These data suggest that @entity4 phenotype in @entity7 can be associated with the expression of both multidrug resistance @entity6 and @entity8 transporters in @entity7 .

title: Multidrug resistance proteins in @entity7 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the @entity7 ( @entity7 ), Apoptotic Index (AI), the ratio of the two indices ( @entity7 /AI) in normal endocervical glands, @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and invasive @entity3 , and to evaluate the relationship among these indices with various clinicopathological features. METHODS: The @entity7 , AI and @entity7 /AI ratio in cervical @entity3 were evaluated based on: (1) cell morphology in @entity4 and @entity5 -stained sections; (2) immunohistochemical study for Ki67 antigen and @entity8 ( @entity8 )-mediated @entity6 nick end labeling (TUNEL). Eighty cases of invasive @entity3 and eighteen cases of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) adjacent to invasive @entity3 were included. Adjacent normal endocervical epithelium in 26 cases of @entity3 was included as control. RESULTS: The @entity7 , AI and @entity7 /AI in normal endocervical glands, @entity9 and invasive @entity2 showed statistically significant differences (P<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between AI and @entity7 , as assessed by morphological features (P<0.001) and immunohistochemistry (P=0.006). The @entity7 /AI ratio, determined by morphology, significantly correlated with staging (P=0.023) and survival (P=0.0045). Multivariate survival analysis showed that both @entity7 /AI ratio determined by morphology (P<0.001) and stage of @entity1 (P=0.03) had independent prognostic value in invasive @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Tumor proliferation significantly correlated with apoptotic activity in cervical @entity3 . The @entity7 /AI ratio was an independent prognostic factor associated with @entity0 survival. Histological determination of @entity7 /AI ratio proved to be an economical and potentially useful adjunct in predicting clinical outcome of @entity0 with cervical @entity3 .

title: Proliferation to apoptosis ratio as a prognostic marker in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pulmonary blood flow during Stage 1 (Norwood) palliation for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is achieved via @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit (RVPA). Controversy exists regarding the differential impact of shunt type on outcome among those who require transplantation early in life. In this study we explored waitlist and post-transplant outcomes within this sub-population stratified by shunt type. METHODS: Eligible @entity0 were enrolled through the Pediatric Heart Transplant Study (PHTS) database. @entity0 included those listed for heart transplantation at 1 of 35 participating centers, all of whom were <6 years of age and with a diagnosis of @entity2 (and variants) status post Stage 1 palliation with @entity3 or RVPA. Standard risk factors for @entity1 were analyzed using multivariable hazards modeling. RESULTS: Between 2010 and 2013, 190 @entity0 were identified. Compared with the RVPA group (n = 111), the @entity3 group (n = 79) was less likely to have undergone a Glenn palliation (41% vs 73%, p < 0.001), were younger at listing (median age 1.3 vs 1.8 years, p = 0.05), had lower median weight (7.9 vs 9.4 kg, p = 0.02), and were more likely to be mechanically ventilated at listing (35% vs 22%, p = 0.04). There were no significant differences in median waitlist time (1.7 vs 2.6 months, p = 0.2) or rate of transplantation (61% vs 60%, p = 1.0). Among waitlisted @entity0 , 3-month survival was less for @entity3 compared with RVPA @entity0 (74% vs 91%, p = 0.02). @entity0 who had not yet achieved Glenn palliation before listing had lower waitlist 3-month survival (76% vs 90%, p = 0.02). In @entity3 @entity0 <1 year old, there was a trend toward improved survival in those with Glenn palliation compared to those without (100% vs 68%, p = 0.08). Early post-transplant mortality rates were similar between the RVPA and @entity3 groups (p = 0.4) with overall survival 84% at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity2 @entity0 , the need for transplant before Glenn palliation is associated with poorer waitlist survival. Waitlist survival is poorer in the @entity3 group, with this difference driven by pre-Glenn @entity3 @entity0 . Post-transplant outcomes were unaffected by shunt type.

title: Impact of initial Norwood shunt type on young XXXX @entity0 listed for heart transplant: A multi-institutional study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pulmonary blood flow during Stage 1 (Norwood) palliation for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is achieved via @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit (RVPA). Controversy exists regarding the differential impact of shunt type on outcome among those who require transplantation early in life. In this study we explored waitlist and post-transplant outcomes within this sub-population stratified by shunt type. METHODS: Eligible @entity0 were enrolled through the Pediatric Heart Transplant Study (PHTS) database. @entity0 included those listed for heart transplantation at 1 of 35 participating centers, all of whom were <6 years of age and with a diagnosis of @entity2 (and variants) status post Stage 1 palliation with @entity3 or RVPA. Standard risk factors for @entity1 were analyzed using multivariable hazards modeling. RESULTS: Between 2010 and 2013, 190 @entity0 were identified. Compared with the RVPA group (n = 111), the @entity3 group (n = 79) was less likely to have undergone a Glenn palliation (41% vs 73%, p < 0.001), were younger at listing (median age 1.3 vs 1.8 years, p = 0.05), had lower median weight (7.9 vs 9.4 kg, p = 0.02), and were more likely to be mechanically ventilated at listing (35% vs 22%, p = 0.04). There were no significant differences in median waitlist time (1.7 vs 2.6 months, p = 0.2) or rate of transplantation (61% vs 60%, p = 1.0). Among waitlisted @entity0 , 3-month survival was less for @entity3 compared with RVPA @entity0 (74% vs 91%, p = 0.02). @entity0 who had not yet achieved Glenn palliation before listing had lower waitlist 3-month survival (76% vs 90%, p = 0.02). In @entity3 @entity0 <1 year old, there was a trend toward improved survival in those with Glenn palliation compared to those without (100% vs 68%, p = 0.08). Early post-transplant mortality rates were similar between the RVPA and @entity3 groups (p = 0.4) with overall survival 84% at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity2 @entity0 , the need for transplant before Glenn palliation is associated with poorer waitlist survival. Waitlist survival is poorer in the @entity3 group, with this difference driven by pre-Glenn @entity3 @entity0 . Post-transplant outcomes were unaffected by shunt type.

title: Impact of initial Norwood shunt type on young @entity2 XXXX listed for heart transplant: A multi-institutional study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Evidence suggests that a considerably large proportion of @entity1 @entity0 are affected by treatment-related financial harm. As medical debt grows for some with @entity1 , the downstream effects can be catastrophic, with a recent study suggesting a link between extreme financial @entity3 and worse mortality. At least three factors might explain the relationship between extreme financial @entity3 and greater risk of mortality: 1) overall poorer well-being, 2) impaired health-related quality of life, and 3) sub-par quality of care. While research has described the financial harm associated with @entity1 treatment, little has been done to effectively intervene on the problem. Long-term solutions must focus on policy changes to reduce unsustainable drug prices and promote innovative insurance models. In the mean time, @entity0 continue to struggle with high out-of-pocket costs. For more immediate solutions, we should look to the oncologist and @entity0 . Oncologists should focus on the value of care delivered, encourage @entity0 engagement on the topic of costs, and be better educated on financial resources available to @entity0 . For their part, @entity0 need improved cost-related health literacy so they are aware of potential costs and resources, and research should focus on how @entity0 define high-value care. With a growing list of financial side effects induced by @entity1 treatment, the time has come to intervene on the "financial @entity2 " of @entity1 care.

title: Financial XXXX of Cancer Care: It's Time to Intervene.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary cultures of isolated @entity0 adipose-derived adult stem (ADAS) cells are multipotent and differentiate in vitro along the adipocyte, chondrocyte, neuronal, osteoblast, and skeletal muscle pathways. METHODS: We examined the ADAS cell yield per unit volume of liposuction tissue, and their surface protein phenotype by flow cytometry. Adipogenesis was assessed by @entity11 staining and ELISA analysis of leptin secretion. RESULTS: The donor population was 87.5% female (n=18) with a mean age (+/-SD) of 44+/-10 years and body mass index (BMI) of 24.9+/-2.7. The mean cell yield was 404 000+/-206 000 cells per milliliter of lipoaspirate (n=18). Linear regression analysis of the cells derived from the female donors demonstrated a significant negative correlation between the number of cells obtained per milliliter of lipoaspirate with the BMI but not the age of the donor. The undifferentiated ADAS cells were homogeneously positive for the cell-surface markers @entity4 , @entity9 , @entity6 , @entity3 , @entity10 , @entity1 , @entity7 , and HLA-ABC, and homogeneously negative for the cell surface markers @entity8 , @entity2 , and HLA-DR. The absence of the panhematopoietic marker, @entity2 , indicates that the ADAS cells do not derive from circulating BM hematopoietic stem cells. Adipocyte differentiation led to a 5.1-fold increase in @entity11 staining, and a 196-fold increase in leptin secretion levels. Culture of the cells in the presence of antibiotic and @entity5 did not alter the undifferentiated ADAS cell immunophenotype based on flow cytometry, or their adipocyte differentiation based on leptin secretion. DISCUSSION: The ability to isolate a consistently homogeneous population of undifferentiated adult stem cells from adipose tissue of multiple donors supports their potential utility in future tissue-engineering applications.

title: Yield of XXXX adipose-derived adult stem cells from liposuction aspirates.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary phytoestrogens are ligands for the @entity1 receptor and may mimic estrogenic effects in vivo. OBJECTIVE: To assess the biological activity of @entity2 phytoestrogens, we analyzed the effect of dietary soy @entity2 supplementation on in vivo bioassays of estrogenicity. DESIGN: Fifty healthy postmenopausal @entity0 aged 50-75 y participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in which they received either soy protein isolate (40 g soy protein, 118 mg @entity3 ) or casein placebo. Measurements were made at baseline and at 3 mo. Urinary @entity2 excretion was measured to reflect compliance. The bioassays of estrogenicity included measurement of hepatic proteins and gonadotropin concentrations. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the soy and placebo groups. Urinary @entity2 excretion increased in the soy group and at the end of 3 mo was higher in the soy group than in the placebo group. In plasma samples from both groups, C-reactive protein increased significantly over the 3-mo treatment period, whereas sex hormone-binding globulin and thyroid-binding globulin decreased significantly. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in hepatic protein synthesis (change over 3 mo +/- SEM in the soy and placebo groups, respectively): C-reactive protein, 0.42 +/- 0.2 and 0.48 +/- 0.2 U/mL; sex hormone-binding globulin, -6.9 +/- 1.5 and -10.0 +/- 2.1 micro g/mL; thyroid-binding globulin, -16 +/- 8 and -26 +/- 7 nmol/L. Furthermore, gonadotropin and @entity4 concentrations did not change significantly in either group. CONCLUSIONS: In healthy postmenopausal @entity0 , dietary soy @entity3 do not affect in vivo biological indicators of estrogenicity, including hepatic protein synthesis and gonadotropin concentrations. This suggests that soy @entity3 have little biologically relevant estrogenic effect in vivo in postmenopausal @entity0 .

title: Dietary soy containing phytoestrogens does not have detectable estrogenic effects on hepatic protein synthesis in postmenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Forty-eight @entity0 underwent electrical stimulation of the brain for treatment of @entity3 between 1978 and 1983. Average @entity2 duration prior to treatment was 4.5 years. Before selection for this procedure @entity0 underwent @entity2 treatment in a multidisciplinary @entity2 center, intensive psychological and @entity1 evaluation, and assessment of @entity2 responsiveness to intravenous administration of placebo, @entity4 , and @entity5 . A total of 71 electrodes were placed in the 48 @entity0 at a variety of stimulating targets, including the periaqueductal gray matter, periventricular gray matter, thalamus, and internal capsule. Seventy-two percent of @entity0 experienced complete or partial @entity2 relief. In addition, 59% of @entity0 were able to discontinue narcotic usage. Twenty-five percent of @entity0 returned to normal physical activities and another 33% showed marked improvement in functional capacity. Follow-up periods ranged from 2 to 60 months; with a mean follow-up period of 20 months. A variety of relatively minor complications occurred, but no mortality or permanent sequelae were experienced. No @entity0 's @entity2 was made worse as a result of electrical stimulation. Electrical stimulation of the brain offers a safe and relatively effective method for the treatment of @entity3 in appropriately selected @entity0 , who are unresponsive to other forms of therapy.

title: Electrical stimulation of the brain in treatment of XXXX . Experience over 5 years.

answer: @entity3


abstract: There are three surgical methods utilized in treating glottic insufficiency: laryngeal framework surgery, reinnervation procedures and injection medialization. The trend towards the use of less invasive procedures led us to focus on injection medialization in this study. The advantages of vocal fold injection are that the procedure requires no external incisions, is easily applicable and can be applied in an office setting. Furthermore, injection medialization is applicable in cases of @entity3 vocal fold and vocal fold scarring. In developing injection medialization, laryngologists are in search of an "ideal material" that should be biocompatible and resistant to resorption. In the initial applications of this method, synthetic materials were used. In the past 2 decades, however, researchers have become more and more interested in the advantages of biological materials. In our animal study, we investigated the behavior of AlloDerm and autologous skin injected in the quadriceps muscles of @entity1 . The materials were easily injected. Histopathological and volumetric analyses were done; the @entity1 were sacrificed the 1st day post-injection and subsequently in the 1st, 3rd and 6th months. AlloDerm's absorption levels were generally high, and its @entity0 and @entity2 levels were low and medium. In the 6th month, histiocytic foreign body reaction was observed. The mean graft yield was 4.5%. Autologous skin results for @entity0 and @entity2 levels were similar to those of AlloDerm. However, no foreign body reaction was observed in AS injected muscle. The graft yield was 74.6%. The growth of keratin cysts had an effect on the results of the graft yield.

title: Evaluation of alloderm and autologous skin in quadriceps muscles of XXXX for injection laryngoplasty.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) expression has been reported as a marker for @entity1 systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative expression of @entity3 (relhTERT) and its transcripts A+B+ (contained in the full-length product), Adel and Bdel in @entity2 (grades I-IV, n=38). relhTERT was assessed by duplex reverse transcription-PCR and the expression profile of Adel, Bdel and A+B+ transcripts by nested real time-PCR. relhTERT and A+B+ presence correlated well with each other ( P<0.001) and with histological grading [grades I-II (low) vs III-IV (high), P(relhTERT)=0.002 and P(A+B+)<0.001]. A+B+ was detected in one out of seven @entity3 -positive low-grade @entity1 , while it was present in 96.3%, and predominantly expressed in 59.3% of high-grade @entity1 . Bdel predominance was observed only in three cases, irrespective of grading, while Bdel levels equal or close to those of A+B+ were found in 30.4% of grade IV @entity1 . In situ hybridization with specific Bplus and Bdel probes revealed positive signals for both mRNAs in association with relhTERT and respective variant profiles. In addition, this method was useful in assessing @entity3 expression in cases where sampling errors for RT-PCR were unavoidable. Our findings show that except for differences in relhTERT, low- and high-grade @entity2 exhibit distinct @entity3 variant profiles, most of which seem to be in line with the role attributed to @entity3 regarding its contribution to the acquisition of malignant potential during astrocyte carcinogenesis. Low-grade @entity1 mainly express Adel and Bdel. High-grade @entity1 , especially grade IV, always express A+B+, mostly but not always in predominance over Adel and Bdel. In this same group, profiles with Bdel predominance or relatively equal A+B+/Bdel expression are also observed, and Adel is often missing. Whether these differences characterize @entity1 with different biological behavior remains to be elucidated.

title: Relative expression of @entity0 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) transcripts in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) expression has been reported as a marker for @entity1 systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative expression of @entity3 (relhTERT) and its transcripts A+B+ (contained in the full-length product), Adel and Bdel in @entity2 (grades I-IV, n=38). relhTERT was assessed by duplex reverse transcription-PCR and the expression profile of Adel, Bdel and A+B+ transcripts by nested real time-PCR. relhTERT and A+B+ presence correlated well with each other ( P<0.001) and with histological grading [grades I-II (low) vs III-IV (high), P(relhTERT)=0.002 and P(A+B+)<0.001]. A+B+ was detected in one out of seven @entity3 -positive low-grade @entity1 , while it was present in 96.3%, and predominantly expressed in 59.3% of high-grade @entity1 . Bdel predominance was observed only in three cases, irrespective of grading, while Bdel levels equal or close to those of A+B+ were found in 30.4% of grade IV @entity1 . In situ hybridization with specific Bplus and Bdel probes revealed positive signals for both mRNAs in association with relhTERT and respective variant profiles. In addition, this method was useful in assessing @entity3 expression in cases where sampling errors for RT-PCR were unavoidable. Our findings show that except for differences in relhTERT, low- and high-grade @entity2 exhibit distinct @entity3 variant profiles, most of which seem to be in line with the role attributed to @entity3 regarding its contribution to the acquisition of malignant potential during astrocyte carcinogenesis. Low-grade @entity1 mainly express Adel and Bdel. High-grade @entity1 , especially grade IV, always express A+B+, mostly but not always in predominance over Adel and Bdel. In this same group, profiles with Bdel predominance or relatively equal A+B+/Bdel expression are also observed, and Adel is often missing. Whether these differences characterize @entity1 with different biological behavior remains to be elucidated.

title: Relative expression of @entity0 XXXX ( @entity3 ) transcripts in @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity0 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) expression has been reported as a marker for @entity1 systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative expression of @entity3 (relhTERT) and its transcripts A+B+ (contained in the full-length product), Adel and Bdel in @entity2 (grades I-IV, n=38). relhTERT was assessed by duplex reverse transcription-PCR and the expression profile of Adel, Bdel and A+B+ transcripts by nested real time-PCR. relhTERT and A+B+ presence correlated well with each other ( P<0.001) and with histological grading [grades I-II (low) vs III-IV (high), P(relhTERT)=0.002 and P(A+B+)<0.001]. A+B+ was detected in one out of seven @entity3 -positive low-grade @entity1 , while it was present in 96.3%, and predominantly expressed in 59.3% of high-grade @entity1 . Bdel predominance was observed only in three cases, irrespective of grading, while Bdel levels equal or close to those of A+B+ were found in 30.4% of grade IV @entity1 . In situ hybridization with specific Bplus and Bdel probes revealed positive signals for both mRNAs in association with relhTERT and respective variant profiles. In addition, this method was useful in assessing @entity3 expression in cases where sampling errors for RT-PCR were unavoidable. Our findings show that except for differences in relhTERT, low- and high-grade @entity2 exhibit distinct @entity3 variant profiles, most of which seem to be in line with the role attributed to @entity3 regarding its contribution to the acquisition of malignant potential during astrocyte carcinogenesis. Low-grade @entity1 mainly express Adel and Bdel. High-grade @entity1 , especially grade IV, always express A+B+, mostly but not always in predominance over Adel and Bdel. In this same group, profiles with Bdel predominance or relatively equal A+B+/Bdel expression are also observed, and Adel is often missing. Whether these differences characterize @entity1 with different biological behavior remains to be elucidated.

title: Relative expression of @entity0 @entity3 ( XXXX ) transcripts in @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity0 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) expression has been reported as a marker for @entity1 systems. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relative expression of @entity3 (relhTERT) and its transcripts A+B+ (contained in the full-length product), Adel and Bdel in @entity2 (grades I-IV, n=38). relhTERT was assessed by duplex reverse transcription-PCR and the expression profile of Adel, Bdel and A+B+ transcripts by nested real time-PCR. relhTERT and A+B+ presence correlated well with each other ( P<0.001) and with histological grading [grades I-II (low) vs III-IV (high), P(relhTERT)=0.002 and P(A+B+)<0.001]. A+B+ was detected in one out of seven @entity3 -positive low-grade @entity1 , while it was present in 96.3%, and predominantly expressed in 59.3% of high-grade @entity1 . Bdel predominance was observed only in three cases, irrespective of grading, while Bdel levels equal or close to those of A+B+ were found in 30.4% of grade IV @entity1 . In situ hybridization with specific Bplus and Bdel probes revealed positive signals for both mRNAs in association with relhTERT and respective variant profiles. In addition, this method was useful in assessing @entity3 expression in cases where sampling errors for RT-PCR were unavoidable. Our findings show that except for differences in relhTERT, low- and high-grade @entity2 exhibit distinct @entity3 variant profiles, most of which seem to be in line with the role attributed to @entity3 regarding its contribution to the acquisition of malignant potential during astrocyte carcinogenesis. Low-grade @entity1 mainly express Adel and Bdel. High-grade @entity1 , especially grade IV, always express A+B+, mostly but not always in predominance over Adel and Bdel. In this same group, profiles with Bdel predominance or relatively equal A+B+/Bdel expression are also observed, and Adel is often missing. Whether these differences characterize @entity1 with different biological behavior remains to be elucidated.

title: Relative expression of XXXX @entity3 ( @entity3 ) transcripts in @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: To describe the drug utilisation patterns of @entity1 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins in a cohort of newly treated @entity2 2 @entity0 subjects previously unexposed to CVD agents. METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using a national pharmacy claims database of newly treated @entity2 2 @entity0 subjects aged 40 years or older. Data on the use of @entity1 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation were analysed. Poisson  regression with a robust error variance was used to estimate adjusted  relative  risk (RRadj) and 95% CIs between socio-demographic and treatment factors on CVD agent use. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period (2008-2009), 6093 subjects were identified. One year after antidiabetic agent initiation, 82% of the study population received at least one CVD agent, with 54% receiving @entity1 , 64% receiving antihypertensives, 6% vasodilators, and 62% receiving @entity3 . Subjects aged 40-49 years were significantly less likely than those aged 60-69 years to receive CVD agents (RRadj 0.83, 95% CI 0.80-0.87). Over 40% of subjects received antihypertensives without @entity1 and statins, while 30% of subjects on statins did not receive @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Substantial CVD agent utilisation was noted 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation. Being aged younger than 60-69 years was associated with decreased utilisation of CVD agents.

title: Use of cardiovascular medicines in newly treated XXXX 2 @entity0 patients: A retrospective cohort study in general practice.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To describe the drug utilisation patterns of @entity1 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins in a cohort of newly treated @entity2 2 @entity0 subjects previously unexposed to CVD agents. METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using a national pharmacy claims database of newly treated @entity2 2 @entity0 subjects aged 40 years or older. Data on the use of @entity1 , antihypertensives, vasodilators, and statins 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation were analysed. Poisson  regression with a robust error variance was used to estimate adjusted  relative  risk (RRadj) and 95% CIs between socio-demographic and treatment factors on CVD agent use. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period (2008-2009), 6093 subjects were identified. One year after antidiabetic agent initiation, 82% of the study population received at least one CVD agent, with 54% receiving @entity1 , 64% receiving antihypertensives, 6% vasodilators, and 62% receiving @entity3 . Subjects aged 40-49 years were significantly less likely than those aged 60-69 years to receive CVD agents (RRadj 0.83, 95% CI 0.80-0.87). Over 40% of subjects received antihypertensives without @entity1 and statins, while 30% of subjects on statins did not receive @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Substantial CVD agent utilisation was noted 1 year after antidiabetic agent initiation. Being aged younger than 60-69 years was associated with decreased utilisation of CVD agents.

title: Use of cardiovascular medicines in newly treated @entity2 2 XXXX patients: A retrospective cohort study in general practice.

answer: @entity0


abstract: IL-12 has been reported to affect thymic T cell selection, but the role of IL-12 in thymic involution has not been studied. We found that in vivo, @entity5 knockout ( @entity5 (-/-)) @entity0 exhibited accelerated thymic involution compared with wild-type (WT) B6 @entity0 . This is characterized by an increase in thymocytes with the early development stage phenotype of @entity2 (-) @entity3 (+)CD4(-)CD8(-) in aged @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 . Histologically, there were accelerated degeneration of thymic extracellular matrix and blood vessels, a significantly decreased thymic cortex/medulla ratio, and increased apoptotic cells in aged @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 compared with WT @entity0 . There was, however, no apparent defect in thymic structure and thymocyte development in young IL-12(-/-) @entity0 . These results suggest the importance of IL-12 in maintaining thymic integrity and function during the aging process. Surprisingly, in WT B6 @entity0 , there was no age-related decrease in the levels of IL-12 produced from thymic dendritic cells. Stimulation of thymocytes with IL-12 alone also did not enhance the thymocyte proliferative response in vitro. IL-12, however, provided a strong synergistic effect to augment the @entity4 or @entity1 induced thymocyte proliferative response, especially in aged WT and @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 . Our data strongly support the role of IL-12 as an enhancement cytokine, which acts through its interactions with other cytokines to maintain thymic T cell function and development during aging.

title: IL-12 inhibits thymic involution by enhancing @entity4 - and XXXX -induced thymocyte proliferation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: IL-12 has been reported to affect thymic T cell selection, but the role of IL-12 in thymic involution has not been studied. We found that in vivo, @entity5 knockout ( @entity5 (-/-)) @entity0 exhibited accelerated thymic involution compared with wild-type (WT) B6 @entity0 . This is characterized by an increase in thymocytes with the early development stage phenotype of @entity2 (-) @entity3 (+)CD4(-)CD8(-) in aged @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 . Histologically, there were accelerated degeneration of thymic extracellular matrix and blood vessels, a significantly decreased thymic cortex/medulla ratio, and increased apoptotic cells in aged @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 compared with WT @entity0 . There was, however, no apparent defect in thymic structure and thymocyte development in young IL-12(-/-) @entity0 . These results suggest the importance of IL-12 in maintaining thymic integrity and function during the aging process. Surprisingly, in WT B6 @entity0 , there was no age-related decrease in the levels of IL-12 produced from thymic dendritic cells. Stimulation of thymocytes with IL-12 alone also did not enhance the thymocyte proliferative response in vitro. IL-12, however, provided a strong synergistic effect to augment the @entity4 or @entity1 induced thymocyte proliferative response, especially in aged WT and @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 . Our data strongly support the role of IL-12 as an enhancement cytokine, which acts through its interactions with other cytokines to maintain thymic T cell function and development during aging.

title: IL-12 inhibits thymic involution by enhancing XXXX - and @entity1 -induced thymocyte proliferation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of the combined use of @entity2 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 -wet bonding (EWB) on resin-dentin bonds. METHODS: Sixty molars were sectioned, polished, and randomly divided into six groups (n=10) according to the following pretreatments: group 1, water-wet bonding (WWB); group 2, WWB with 0.02% (w/v) @entity3 ; group 3, WWB with 0.1% @entity3 ; group 4, EWB; group 5, EWB with 0.02% @entity3 ; and group 6, EWB with 0.1% @entity3 . An etch-and-rinse adhesive was then used, followed by the resin composites building. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS), failure modes and interfacial nanoleakage were separately determined after 24h water storage or 10,000 runs of thermocycling. RESULTS: Both pretreatment method (P<0.05) and thermocycling (P<0.05) significantly influenced bond strength and nanoleakage. Irrespective of thermocycling, the 0.02% @entity3 / @entity1 (group 5) pretreated adhesive-dentin interfaces showed higher MTBS than the control group (P<0.05). Nanoleakage expression of all groups increased after thermocycling (P<0.05) except group 5. Adhesive failure was the main @entity0 pattern in all groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that pretreatment with 0.02% @entity3 / @entity1 solutions can effectively improve immediate bond strength and bond stability of etch-and-rinse adhesives on dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The adjunctive application of @entity3 and EWB provides a new strategy for dentists to obtain the desired bond effectiveness during adhesive restoration in clinical practice.

title: Effect of adjunctive application of XXXX and @entity1 -wet bonding on adhesive-dentin bonds.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of the combined use of @entity2 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 -wet bonding (EWB) on resin-dentin bonds. METHODS: Sixty molars were sectioned, polished, and randomly divided into six groups (n=10) according to the following pretreatments: group 1, water-wet bonding (WWB); group 2, WWB with 0.02% (w/v) @entity3 ; group 3, WWB with 0.1% @entity3 ; group 4, EWB; group 5, EWB with 0.02% @entity3 ; and group 6, EWB with 0.1% @entity3 . An etch-and-rinse adhesive was then used, followed by the resin composites building. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS), failure modes and interfacial nanoleakage were separately determined after 24h water storage or 10,000 runs of thermocycling. RESULTS: Both pretreatment method (P<0.05) and thermocycling (P<0.05) significantly influenced bond strength and nanoleakage. Irrespective of thermocycling, the 0.02% @entity3 / @entity1 (group 5) pretreated adhesive-dentin interfaces showed higher MTBS than the control group (P<0.05). Nanoleakage expression of all groups increased after thermocycling (P<0.05) except group 5. Adhesive failure was the main @entity0 pattern in all groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that pretreatment with 0.02% @entity3 / @entity1 solutions can effectively improve immediate bond strength and bond stability of etch-and-rinse adhesives on dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The adjunctive application of @entity3 and EWB provides a new strategy for dentists to obtain the desired bond effectiveness during adhesive restoration in clinical practice.

title: Effect of adjunctive application of @entity2 and XXXX -wet bonding on adhesive-dentin bonds.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Eighty-two adult hospitalized @entity0 suffering from @entity1 were treated with @entity3 or @entity2 in an open comparative study. The @entity0 were allocated randomly to one of the two treatments. The recommended dosage regimens (i.m. or i.v.) were used for both groups ( @entity3 1 g b.i.d., @entity2 1 g t.i.d.). The duration of treatment was 7 to 14 days according to the response of the disease condition. 80 @entity0 were analyzed. The tolerability of both drugs was good and comparable. The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of both drugs was equivalent. The radiological examinations showed a better improvement of the @entity0 treated with @entity3 .

title: Clinical evaluation of @entity3 and XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Eighty-two adult hospitalized @entity0 suffering from @entity1 were treated with @entity3 or @entity2 in an open comparative study. The @entity0 were allocated randomly to one of the two treatments. The recommended dosage regimens (i.m. or i.v.) were used for both groups ( @entity3 1 g b.i.d., @entity2 1 g t.i.d.). The duration of treatment was 7 to 14 days according to the response of the disease condition. 80 @entity0 were analyzed. The tolerability of both drugs was good and comparable. The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of both drugs was equivalent. The radiological examinations showed a better improvement of the @entity0 treated with @entity3 .

title: Clinical evaluation of XXXX and @entity2 in @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Eighty-two adult hospitalized @entity0 suffering from @entity1 were treated with @entity3 or @entity2 in an open comparative study. The @entity0 were allocated randomly to one of the two treatments. The recommended dosage regimens (i.m. or i.v.) were used for both groups ( @entity3 1 g b.i.d., @entity2 1 g t.i.d.). The duration of treatment was 7 to 14 days according to the response of the disease condition. 80 @entity0 were analyzed. The tolerability of both drugs was good and comparable. The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of both drugs was equivalent. The radiological examinations showed a better improvement of the @entity0 treated with @entity3 .

title: Clinical evaluation of @entity3 and @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: An 8-21 fold multiplication of myeloid cells and macrophages was observed in tissue culture from @entity0 fetal bone marrow. Proliferation of the cells was triggered by medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemic cells exposed to @entity1 ( @entity2 ). The medium was designated as @entity2 -treated cell conditioned medium (TPACCM). The cycle of events in fetal bone marrow cell culture began with a sharp decrease in the total number of cells. At this juncture a predominance of primitive macrophage-like cells positive for macrophage markers was present in the culture. The process of multiplication began with rapid proliferation of promyelocytes. Simultaneous proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage (GM) @entity3 ( @entity3 ) indicated that at least some of the promyelocytes might act like @entity3 . The absolute number of committed @entity3 then increased 5-11 fold, the number that approximated a total multiplication of FBM cells. The proliferation continued with the culture containing some blast cells and showing simultaneous differentiation of the cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The cells with macrophage markers persisted throughout the culture period. To determine more precise definition of the role of primitive macrophages and promyelocytes in FBM cell multiplication, experiments with purified fractions of these cells have to be done. TPACCM purification and isolation of active substances is also suggested. These investigations might result in obtaining a pool of BM cells in vitro suitable for BM transplantation.

title: Multiplication of @entity0 fetal myelomonocytic precursors in medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemia cells treated by XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity1


abstract: An 8-21 fold multiplication of myeloid cells and macrophages was observed in tissue culture from @entity0 fetal bone marrow. Proliferation of the cells was triggered by medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemic cells exposed to @entity1 ( @entity2 ). The medium was designated as @entity2 -treated cell conditioned medium (TPACCM). The cycle of events in fetal bone marrow cell culture began with a sharp decrease in the total number of cells. At this juncture a predominance of primitive macrophage-like cells positive for macrophage markers was present in the culture. The process of multiplication began with rapid proliferation of promyelocytes. Simultaneous proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage (GM) @entity3 ( @entity3 ) indicated that at least some of the promyelocytes might act like @entity3 . The absolute number of committed @entity3 then increased 5-11 fold, the number that approximated a total multiplication of FBM cells. The proliferation continued with the culture containing some blast cells and showing simultaneous differentiation of the cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The cells with macrophage markers persisted throughout the culture period. To determine more precise definition of the role of primitive macrophages and promyelocytes in FBM cell multiplication, experiments with purified fractions of these cells have to be done. TPACCM purification and isolation of active substances is also suggested. These investigations might result in obtaining a pool of BM cells in vitro suitable for BM transplantation.

title: Multiplication of @entity0 fetal myelomonocytic precursors in medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemia cells treated by @entity1 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: An 8-21 fold multiplication of myeloid cells and macrophages was observed in tissue culture from @entity0 fetal bone marrow. Proliferation of the cells was triggered by medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemic cells exposed to @entity1 ( @entity2 ). The medium was designated as @entity2 -treated cell conditioned medium (TPACCM). The cycle of events in fetal bone marrow cell culture began with a sharp decrease in the total number of cells. At this juncture a predominance of primitive macrophage-like cells positive for macrophage markers was present in the culture. The process of multiplication began with rapid proliferation of promyelocytes. Simultaneous proliferation of granulocyte-macrophage (GM) @entity3 ( @entity3 ) indicated that at least some of the promyelocytes might act like @entity3 . The absolute number of committed @entity3 then increased 5-11 fold, the number that approximated a total multiplication of FBM cells. The proliferation continued with the culture containing some blast cells and showing simultaneous differentiation of the cells into mature granulocytes and macrophages. The cells with macrophage markers persisted throughout the culture period. To determine more precise definition of the role of primitive macrophages and promyelocytes in FBM cell multiplication, experiments with purified fractions of these cells have to be done. TPACCM purification and isolation of active substances is also suggested. These investigations might result in obtaining a pool of BM cells in vitro suitable for BM transplantation.

title: Multiplication of XXXX fetal myelomonocytic precursors in medium conditioned by acute myelocytic leukemia cells treated by @entity1 ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated that the absence of serum antibodies to @entity3 virus on day 4 after onset of symptoms predicted a fatal outcome in @entity0 critically ill with @entity3 . The underlying mechanism was suggested to be the trapping of anti- @entity3 antibodies in pulmonary immune complexes. OBJECTIVES: To study serum and mucosal antibodies as prognostic markers in @entity0 with severe @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: Blood and respiratory samples (n=324) from 12 @entity0 with severe @entity3 were analysed for anti-H1N1 antibodies with and without immune complex dissociation from symptom onset until convalescence or death (follow up 14-169 days). Eleven healthy subjects were analysed for comparison. RESULTS: One of the 12 @entity0 died from @entity3 @entity1 and had no detectable anti-H1N1 serum antibodies. However, also 2 of the 11 surviving @entity0 remained negative for anti-H1N1 serum antibodies during follow-up (20 and 41 days, respectively). In six of the 11 survivors serum antibodies on day 4 were negative, but turned positive between day 7 and 23. In the remaining 3 patients antibodies were detected in the first 4 days of illness. Mucosal IgG or IgA was detected in all of the @entity0 regardless of their clinical outcome and in 4 of 11 healthy subjects. No mucosal immune complexes were found in the @entity0 who died but were detected in 3 of the 11 survivors. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that no prognostic conclusions can be drawn from anti-H1N1 serum and mucosal antibodies in @entity0 with severe @entity3 .

title: Serum and mucosal antibodies fail as prognostic markers during critical XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Preterm birth is an evolving challenge in neonatal health care. Despite declining mortality rates among extremely premature neonates, morbidity rates remain very high. Currently, perinatal diffuse @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is the most commonly observed type of @entity8 in preterm @entity0 and has become an important research area. Diffuse @entity3 is associated with @entity6 and is increasingly being recognized as a risk factor for @entity5 , @entity4 , and other @entity7 . No treatment options are currently available for diffuse @entity3 and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are far from being completely understood. Preterm birth is associated with maternal @entity2 , perinatal infections and disrupted @entity1 supply which can affect the cerebral microenvironment by causing activation of microglia, astrogliosis, excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress. This intricate interplay of events negatively influences oligodendrocyte development, causing arrested oligodendrocyte maturation or oligodendrocyte cell death, which ultimately results in myelination failure in the developing white matter. This review discusses the current state in perinatal @entity3 research, ranging from a clinical perspective to basic molecular pathophysiology. The complex regulation of oligodendrocyte development in healthy and pathological conditions is described, with a specific focus on signaling cascades that may play a role in @entity3 . Furthermore, emerging concepts in the field of @entity3 and issues regarding currently available animal models are put forward. Novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying impeded oligodendrocyte maturation in diffuse @entity3 may aid the development of novel treatment options which are desperately needed to improve the quality-of-life of preterm neonates.

title: Impaired oligodendrocyte maturation in preterm XXXX : Potential therapeutic targets.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic value of @entity4 , @entity2 and cardiothoracic ratio as indicators of @entity1 and survival in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: We carried out a retrospective review of 152 @entity0 with @entity3 diagnosed between September 1979 and March 2003. In the first 72 months, 722 exams were performed (100 in the first 15 days). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: chi-square, Student's t test, ANOVA and Kaplan-Meier curves. Alpha = 0.05; beta = 0.80. RESULTS: The mean age at presentation was 2.2+/-3.2 years. @entity3 incidence was higher in @entity0 younger than 2 years (76.3% - 95% CI = 68.7% to 82.8%) (p < 0.0001). Sex (p = 0.07) and color (p = 0.11) were not significant and mortality was not influenced by age (p = 0.73), sex (p = 0.78) or color (p = 0.20). Most @entity0 were severely ill (84.2% - 95% CI = 77.4% to 89.6%; functional class III and IV; p < 0.0001). All 43 @entity1 occurred in this group (p = 0.0008). @entity4 at presentation was observed in 94.1% (95% CI = 89.1% to 97.2%) (p < 0.0001), and @entity2 in 75.6% (95% CI = 68.0% to 82.2%) (p < 0.0001). @entity2 and @entity4 were more frequent in functional class III/IV @entity0 (RC = 8.03 - 95% CI = 2.85% to 23.1%) (p < 0.0001). @entity2 was a marker of @entity1 (RC = 3.16 - 95% CI = 1.06% to 10.07) (p = 0.0222), but not @entity4 (p = 0.1185). Survival was influenced by both @entity4 (p = 0.0189) and @entity2 (p = 0.0050). Mean and maximum cardiothoracic ratio were higher in the @entity1 group (0.749+/-0.053 vs. 0.662+/-0.080) (p < 0.0001) and (0.716+/-0.059 vs. 0.620+/-0.085) (p < 0.0001). ANOVA revealed a progressive decrease in cardiothoracic ratio in the survival group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 , the presence of @entity2 at presentation and increased cardiothoracic ratio are associated with poor survival.

title: [Prognostic value of chest roentgenograms in @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic value of @entity4 , @entity2 and cardiothoracic ratio as indicators of @entity1 and survival in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: We carried out a retrospective review of 152 @entity0 with @entity3 diagnosed between September 1979 and March 2003. In the first 72 months, 722 exams were performed (100 in the first 15 days). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: chi-square, Student's t test, ANOVA and Kaplan-Meier curves. Alpha = 0.05; beta = 0.80. RESULTS: The mean age at presentation was 2.2+/-3.2 years. @entity3 incidence was higher in @entity0 younger than 2 years (76.3% - 95% CI = 68.7% to 82.8%) (p < 0.0001). Sex (p = 0.07) and color (p = 0.11) were not significant and mortality was not influenced by age (p = 0.73), sex (p = 0.78) or color (p = 0.20). Most @entity0 were severely ill (84.2% - 95% CI = 77.4% to 89.6%; functional class III and IV; p < 0.0001). All 43 @entity1 occurred in this group (p = 0.0008). @entity4 at presentation was observed in 94.1% (95% CI = 89.1% to 97.2%) (p < 0.0001), and @entity2 in 75.6% (95% CI = 68.0% to 82.2%) (p < 0.0001). @entity2 and @entity4 were more frequent in functional class III/IV @entity0 (RC = 8.03 - 95% CI = 2.85% to 23.1%) (p < 0.0001). @entity2 was a marker of @entity1 (RC = 3.16 - 95% CI = 1.06% to 10.07) (p = 0.0222), but not @entity4 (p = 0.1185). Survival was influenced by both @entity4 (p = 0.0189) and @entity2 (p = 0.0050). Mean and maximum cardiothoracic ratio were higher in the @entity1 group (0.749+/-0.053 vs. 0.662+/-0.080) (p < 0.0001) and (0.716+/-0.059 vs. 0.620+/-0.085) (p < 0.0001). ANOVA revealed a progressive decrease in cardiothoracic ratio in the survival group (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 , the presence of @entity2 at presentation and increased cardiothoracic ratio are associated with poor survival.

title: [Prognostic value of chest roentgenograms in XXXX with @entity3 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Behavioral treatments improve bladder control by changing the incontinent @entity0 's behavior, especially his or her voiding habits, and by teaching skills for preventing urine loss. These treatments are effective for most outpatient @entity0 and @entity0 with stress, urge, or mixed @entity1 . The average reduction in the frequency of @entity1 ranges from 57% to 86%. In long-term care settings, treatment is generally more challenging and yields more modest results. The advantages of behavioral interventions include the absence of side-effects, @entity0 comfort, and high levels of @entity0 satisfaction. Although most @entity0 who receive behavioral treatment achieve significant improvement, most are not completely dry. Thus, there is a need for research to explore ways to enhance the effectiveness of these conservative therapies. Combining behavioral treatment with other treatments may have additive effects. Research is also needed to understand better the mechanisms of therapeutic change, the best methods for teaching pelvic floor muscle control, the optimal exercise regimens, the predictors of outcome, and the efficacy of behavioral treatments in @entity0 . Although behavioral interventions are more accepted today than 20 years ago, they are still not widely available or integrated into most clinical practices, and we know little of how effective they will be in these settings. Thus, it will be important to develop and evaluate creative modes of delivery, such as group intervention (especially by nonphysician providers), in a variety of clinical settings.

title: Behavioral treatment options for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is characterized by a minimum of two of three features: @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 . Asymmetry of these features is often considered to support a diagnosis of @entity1 in contrast to other @entity1 . All major manifestations of @entity1 are often more pronounced on the side first manifesting features of @entity1 . Significant dissociation of features on the contralateral side, along with other variants of presentation involving the contralateral side, are rarely observed. To determine the frequency and significance of unusual asymmetry in @entity2 , we retrospectively examined 613 @entity0 clinically diagnosed as idiopathic @entity1 for presence of unusual asymmetries of clinical features. Three groups of @entity0 with unusual asymmetrical clinical findings were identified. Group 1 comprised 10 @entity0 followed for an average of 6 years presenting with rest @entity3 most prominent in one lower limb and contralateral upper limb. Group 2 comprised 24 @entity0 followed for an average of 5.5 years with action @entity3 most prominent on the side contralateral to the side of most prominent rest @entity3 . Group 3 comprised 33 @entity0 followed for an average of 10 years who had @entity1 signs of greatest severity on one side but subsequently, over an average of 5.4 years, became gradually more prominent on the opposite side. In Group 3, 15 of 33 @entity0 (45%) demonstrated evolution to a rigid form of @entity2 with disappearance of rest @entity3 over an average of 7.1 years after presentation. A small percentage (11%) of @entity1 @entity0 in our clinic demonstrated anomalous asymmetrical clinical findings, which indicates that (1) the disease process may begin in different topographic sites on each side; (2) rest @entity3 and action @entity3 may have different anatomical bases; (3) the disease process may progress at different rates on different sides; and (4) @entity3 becomes less pronounced with progression of disease in some @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Anomalies of asymmetry of clinical signs in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity6 ( @entity14 ) is an antiepileptic drug that is also used for other indications (e.g., @entity11 ). Adverse event (AE) data from @entity3 trials could be supplemented by data from trials in other indications. Combining data across trials and indications is a novel method for evaluating AEs. We conducted a multiple-indications review by systematically reviewing randomized placebo-controlled trials of @entity14 , to compare the nervous system AEs of @entity14 in @entity3 with those in other indications. METHODS: Randomized placebo-controlled trials of @entity14 including @entity0 with any indication were included. We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Issue 2, 2012) and MEDLINE (1966-February 2012). Two authors assessed eligibility and risk of bias, and extracted data. For each reported nervous system AE, we extracted event rates, applied random-effects inverse-variance meta-analysis (pooling within-indications then across-indications), and assessed within- and across-indication heterogeneity. RESULTS: Ninety trials, including 16 @entity3 trials, were included. A difference was detected between @entity14 and placebo for three events (i.e., drooling, @entity9 , and @entity4 ) that were not reported in @entity3 trials but were reported by other trials. A difference between @entity14 and placebo was detected for @entity13 using @entity3 trials but not when combining all trials. For two events (i.e., @entity1 and " @entity12 "), no difference was detected between @entity14 and placebo when using @entity3 trials alone, but a difference was identified using all trials. A difference was detected between @entity14 and placebo for six events (i.e., @entity7 , @entity2 in attention, @entity5 , @entity10 , paraesthesia, and @entity8 ) when using @entity3 trials alone, and using all trials. SIGNIFICANCE: Including trials of any indication enabled detection of differences that would have been missed using @entity3 trials alone. Multiple-indications reviews can improve the synthesis of AEs for antiepileptic drugs.

title: A systematic review of placebo-controlled trials of XXXX : How useful is a multiple-indications review for evaluating the adverse events of an antiepileptic drug?

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity1 remain the major cause of @entity2 in the adult North American population. Most of these @entity2 are sudden, occurring secondary to @entity4 /fibrillation (VT/VF). Based on the results of recent clinical trials, it seems likely that many of these @entity2 could be prevented if reliable means were available to select those @entity0 at highest risk. To date, however, no totally satisfactory means to establish risk has been identified. The purpose of this paper is to review the currently utilized techniques and to draw attention to some new and potentially useful technology involving computer processing of surface recorded electrocardiographic (ECG) signals. ECG monitoring during rest and activity is neither sensitive nor specific. Invasive studies, using programmed ventricular stimulation to reproduce clinical @entity3 , have proven extremely useful in the management of @entity0 with recurrent VT/VF; this technique allows the selection of effective therapy as documented by subsequent inability to induce the @entity3 . However, this technique does not have broad applicability given the complexity of these studies and the significant potential for morbidity. Recent efforts have focused on the detection of the abnormal electrical substrate giving rise to VT/VF by using body-surface electrocardiographic recording. Two approaches are being investigated. In one, high-gain, signal-averaged ECG signals are being utilized to detect (delayed) depolarization potentials occurring during the repolarization process - an electrophysiologic state known to give rise to re-entrant @entity3 . Initial results with this technique are encouraging. We have focused on another approach - that of body-surface potential mapping.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Sudden cardiac death: the search for a non-invasive means to detect the electrical substrate for the development of life-threatening XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Differentiating @entity3 ( @entity3 ) from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a real challenge in the clinical field. In the past, @entity3 (not @entity1 ), was inferred when abnormality was not detected in the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, some studies have reported abnormalities in the brain MRIs of @entity3 , but only few among the Asian population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of brain MRI among Korean @entity3 @entity0 and characterize findings that might be helpful to distinguish @entity3 from @entity1 . METHODS: Medical records, @entity3 -IgG, and brain MRI of 17 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 by the revised diagnostic criteria of Wingerchuk et al. (2006) [6] from 2008 to 2010, were reviewed. RESULTS: 11 out of 17 @entity0 (64.7%) had abnormal MRI findings. More than two lesions were detected in most @entity0 . The majority of @entity0 with @entity2 showed nonspecific (5 @entity0 ) or atypical (6 @entity0 ) findings. Cerebral white matter was most frequently involved (58.8%). 3 @entity0 (17.6%) involved corpus callosum, 4 (23.5%) with internal capsule, 2 (11.8%) with cerebellum, and 3 (17.6%) with brainstem. There were 5 (29.4%) @entity0 who met the Paty et al. criteria (1988) [15] and 3 @entity0 (35.3%) who met the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) spatial distribution diagnostic criteria of Barkhof et al. (1997) [14] in their brain MRI. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 have been frequently found among Korean @entity3 @entity0 and the frequencies have been reported to be higher than that of Caucasians. Current @entity1 spatial distribution criteria, such as Paty et al. (1988) [15] or Barkhof et al. (1997) [14], are not sufficient to discriminate @entity3 from @entity1 in brain MRI findings. Our results will provide valuable information that would be useful in establishing future revising criteria for @entity3 .

title: @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Differentiating @entity3 ( @entity3 ) from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a real challenge in the clinical field. In the past, @entity3 (not @entity1 ), was inferred when abnormality was not detected in the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, some studies have reported abnormalities in the brain MRIs of @entity3 , but only few among the Asian population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of brain MRI among Korean @entity3 @entity0 and characterize findings that might be helpful to distinguish @entity3 from @entity1 . METHODS: Medical records, @entity3 -IgG, and brain MRI of 17 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 by the revised diagnostic criteria of Wingerchuk et al. (2006) [6] from 2008 to 2010, were reviewed. RESULTS: 11 out of 17 @entity0 (64.7%) had abnormal MRI findings. More than two lesions were detected in most @entity0 . The majority of @entity0 with @entity2 showed nonspecific (5 @entity0 ) or atypical (6 @entity0 ) findings. Cerebral white matter was most frequently involved (58.8%). 3 @entity0 (17.6%) involved corpus callosum, 4 (23.5%) with internal capsule, 2 (11.8%) with cerebellum, and 3 (17.6%) with brainstem. There were 5 (29.4%) @entity0 who met the Paty et al. criteria (1988) [15] and 3 @entity0 (35.3%) who met the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) spatial distribution diagnostic criteria of Barkhof et al. (1997) [14] in their brain MRI. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 have been frequently found among Korean @entity3 @entity0 and the frequencies have been reported to be higher than that of Caucasians. Current @entity1 spatial distribution criteria, such as Paty et al. (1988) [15] or Barkhof et al. (1997) [14], are not sufficient to discriminate @entity3 from @entity1 in brain MRI findings. Our results will provide valuable information that would be useful in establishing future revising criteria for @entity3 .

title: XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rabies is a potential danger to the @entity0 health. Therefore, @entity0 who had contact with suspected or rabid animals should be vaccinated. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prophylactic anti- @entity6 vaccination program in Bia  ystok. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In all, 2005 @entity0 exposed to @entity6 after contact with suspected or rabid animals were examined at the Center for Rabies Prevention in Bia  ystok. Of this number, 719 (35.86%) @entity0 were eligible for vaccination. RESULTS: Rabies was confirmed in 45% of suspected animals. The largest number of @entity0 subjected to vaccination has been bitten or slobbered by @entity3 (42.28%), @entity4 (19.05%), red foxes (18.64%), @entity5 (6.95%), @entity2 (3.62%), bats (1.52%) and squirrels (0.56%). Hands (60%0 and shanks (12%) were the most frequently injured parts of the @entity0 body. The vaccinated group of @entity0 included 63% of males and 37% of females; 62.47% of rural and 36.63% of urban inhabitants. Vaccines were administered 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 days after exposure. Neither serious side effects, nor local @entity1 were reported. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Although prevention of @entity6 among wild animals continues, the number of @entity0 vaccinated after @entity6 exposure still remains at the same level in the city and the region of Bia  ystok. 2. The highest percentage of vaccinated @entity0 had been bitten or slobbered by rabid or suspected domestic animals. 3. It is believed that the continuation of the vaccination program among wild animals will diminish the range of prophylactic vaccination among @entity0 .

title: [Evaluation of the prophylactic anti- XXXX vaccination program for adults carried out by the Center for Rabies Prevention in Bia  ystok, 1992-2001].

answer: @entity6


abstract: The management of small pulmonary artery in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is complicated. Our strategy is palliative right ventricle outflow tract reconstruction (RVOTR). The aim of this study is to determine whether palliative RVOTR is useful as the first stage operation. Since 1994, 7 @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity5 pulmonary arteries underwent palliative RVOTR. All @entity0 survived operation without complication except for 1. He had @entity6 at right ventricular outflow patch requiring aneurysmectomy and re-RVOTR 1.5 months after the initial RVOTR. Nine months after RVOTR in the average, pulmonary artery index (PAI) increased from 139 +/- 87 to 306 +/- 156 (p < 0.05). No @entity0 had pulmonary high flow or @entity1 . Two of them had pulmonary coractation due to ductal tissue in the pulmonary artery, necessitating additional modified Blalock-Taussig shunts at 8 and 10 months old. One @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 , major @entity4 (MAPCA) had corrective surgery after 2 additional operations and interventional catheterization. Five @entity0 of this series already have undergone corrective surgery, whereas 1 is waiting for it. RVOTR is a useful method for pulmonary artery growth in @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 and diminutive pulmonary artery.

title: [Palliative right ventricle outflow reconstruction in XXXX with @entity3 and @entity5 pulmonary artery].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The management of small pulmonary artery in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is complicated. Our strategy is palliative right ventricle outflow tract reconstruction (RVOTR). The aim of this study is to determine whether palliative RVOTR is useful as the first stage operation. Since 1994, 7 @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity5 pulmonary arteries underwent palliative RVOTR. All @entity0 survived operation without complication except for 1. He had @entity6 at right ventricular outflow patch requiring aneurysmectomy and re-RVOTR 1.5 months after the initial RVOTR. Nine months after RVOTR in the average, pulmonary artery index (PAI) increased from 139 +/- 87 to 306 +/- 156 (p < 0.05). No @entity0 had pulmonary high flow or @entity1 . Two of them had pulmonary coractation due to ductal tissue in the pulmonary artery, necessitating additional modified Blalock-Taussig shunts at 8 and 10 months old. One @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 , major @entity4 (MAPCA) had corrective surgery after 2 additional operations and interventional catheterization. Five @entity0 of this series already have undergone corrective surgery, whereas 1 is waiting for it. RVOTR is a useful method for pulmonary artery growth in @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 and diminutive pulmonary artery.

title: [Palliative right ventricle outflow reconstruction in @entity2 with @entity3 and XXXX pulmonary artery].

answer: @entity5


abstract: The management of small pulmonary artery in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is complicated. Our strategy is palliative right ventricle outflow tract reconstruction (RVOTR). The aim of this study is to determine whether palliative RVOTR is useful as the first stage operation. Since 1994, 7 @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity5 pulmonary arteries underwent palliative RVOTR. All @entity0 survived operation without complication except for 1. He had @entity6 at right ventricular outflow patch requiring aneurysmectomy and re-RVOTR 1.5 months after the initial RVOTR. Nine months after RVOTR in the average, pulmonary artery index (PAI) increased from 139 +/- 87 to 306 +/- 156 (p < 0.05). No @entity0 had pulmonary high flow or @entity1 . Two of them had pulmonary coractation due to ductal tissue in the pulmonary artery, necessitating additional modified Blalock-Taussig shunts at 8 and 10 months old. One @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 , major @entity4 (MAPCA) had corrective surgery after 2 additional operations and interventional catheterization. Five @entity0 of this series already have undergone corrective surgery, whereas 1 is waiting for it. RVOTR is a useful method for pulmonary artery growth in @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 and diminutive pulmonary artery.

title: [Palliative right ventricle outflow reconstruction in @entity2 with XXXX and @entity5 pulmonary artery].

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated daily needle applicator displacement during high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Ten @entity0 with previously untreated @entity1 received 30Gy in five fractions during 3 days of high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy combined with external beam radiotherapy using our unique ambulatory technique. To analyze displacement, we obtained daily computed tomography (CT) images for 147 flexible needle applicators at 21 and 45h after implantation. The distance was defined as the length between the center of gravity of @entity2 markers and the needle applicator tips along the daily CT @entity3 . We adapted dwell positions of the treatment source to cover clinical target volume with a 15-mm cranial margin. RESULTS: The median displacement was 1mm (range, -6 to 12mm) at 21h and 2mm (range, -9 to 14mm) at 45h, respectively. Statistically significant @entity4 was observed only between the displacement at 0 and 21h (p<0.0001), and not between the displacement at 21 and 45h (p=0.1). In cases with displacement of 3mm or more, we changed dwell positions to correct the treatment plan. We corrected 45 applicators (31%) at 21h and 67 (46%) at 45h. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated needle applicator displacement in our ambulatory technique using daily CT examination and considered that a 15-mm cranial margin was sufficient to cover clinical target volume.

title: Daily computed tomography measurement of needle applicator displacement during high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy for previously untreated XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Hepatic @entity0 from @entity2 represent a serious complication, often at the origin of death. Very few studies allow to know their epidemiological characteristics. From available data the proportion of @entity2 with synchronous liver @entity0 is 15% and the 5 year cumulative risk of metachronous @entity0 is 16%. According to C  te-d'Or data, it was 4.6% for @entity3 stage 1 @entity1 , 14.1% for stage 2 and 32.0% for stage 3. Taking into account incidence and prevalence of @entity2 it can be estimated that the number of synchronous hepatic @entity0 is 5,400 per year and the number of metachronous hepatic @entity0 9,000 per year. In the C  te-d'Or area 6.5% of synchronous hepatic @entity0 , were resected for cure and 21% of metachronous hepatic @entity0 . The survival rates for synchronous hepatic @entity0 were 31% at 1 year and 2% at 5 year. The corresponding rates for metachronous @entity0 were 31% and 4%. After surgery for cure the 5 year survival rate was 11% for synchronous @entity0 and 16% for metachronous @entity0 . Population based data indicates that liver @entity0 from @entity2 represent a frequent problem and are more frequent that suggested by hospital-based data.

title: [Epidemiology of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the early 1990s gene therapy had the promise of a new therapeutic modality for many types of @entity1 including @entity2 . At the end of that decade the outlook was less encouraging following the @entity3 of a @entity0 receiving adenovirus in Pennsylvania. Today the prospect is very @entity6 following the @entity5 in @entity0 treated for @entity4 in France. Does this mean the start and fall of gene therapy? In this article the concept of gene therapy for @entity2 will be reviewed. Studies in this field will be cited. It is clear that there are several obstacles to surmount. It is difficult to foresee whether gene therapy will succeed in the clinics in @entity0 with @entity2 . In this article the author will describe the systematic approach which might lead to success of gene therapy in these @entity0 . In short, gene therapy so far has failed in @entity0 with @entity2 . However it might succeed in the future. The jury is still out!

title: [Gene therapy in the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2