abstract: The @entity3 pool of mitochondria has been recently implicated in the sensitivity of erythroid cells to @entity10 (CAP) [8]. In the present study, we have analyzed the composition of that pool in the sensitive @entity14 mitochondria (EM) and compared it with that of the resistant @entity12 ( @entity12 ). We have also tested the effect of every major component in each pool on the sensitivity to CAP. The study of endogenous @entity3 composition of EM and @entity12 was performed with a JEOL 5AH @entity3 analyzer, and the sensitivity to the drug was assayed by determining its interaction with the mitochondrial protein synthesis activity. Analysis of the total endogenous pool showed about 20% more @entity7 in @entity12 compared to EM. However, some @entity7 were present in significantly higher (e.g. @entity9 , @entity4 and @entity11 ) or lower (e.g. @entity6 , @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity0 and @entity8 ) quantity within EM. When compensating for each low @entity3 in either @entity12 or EM by addition of that particular acid to the incubation medium, only @entity9 and @entity4 had a significant effect. Thus, the addition of @entity9 or @entity4 enhanced the sensitivity to CAP from 14 to 49-52% in @entity12 , but were without effect in EM. Addition of the other acids to either mitochondria gave little or no effect. Since @entity4 could be interconvertible intramitochondrially to @entity9 , and because the latter with @entity13 are the first reactants in heme biosynthesis which is initiated inside the mitochondria, it would appear that erythroid cell sensitivity to CAP is predetermined by the mitochondrial @entity9 - @entity4 pool and might be somehow related to the pathway of @entity5 biosynthesis in these cells.

title: Importance of the mitochondrial @entity3 pool in the sensitivity of erythroid cells to @entity10 : role of XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: To see whether general practitioners could effectively carry out training in relaxation and management of stress to reduce mild @entity1 a study was carried out with a subsample of phase 2 of the Medical Research Council's treatment of mild @entity1 trial. In the main mild @entity1 trial @entity0 had been receiving either an active drug or placebo for six years. In phase 2 a subsample of these @entity0 were randomly allocated either to continue or to stop receiving the active drug or placebo. In a further subsample @entity0 were again randomised to receive or not to receive relaxation therapy. This factorial design presented an additional opportunity to assess whether @entity0 controlled with active drugs might have their blood pressure maintained by this behavioural therapy once drug treatment was stopped and to assess whether blood pressure might be further reduced by this therapy in @entity0 who had been under regular medical supervision for as long as six years and who had already received non-pharmacological advice. The therapy was conducted by general practitioners in group sessions once a week for eight weeks. The training in relaxation was accompanied by galvanic skin resistance biofeedback. At one year follow up blood pressure in the relaxation subgroups was either maintained (in the group who had stopped receiving drugs) or reduced further (in the group who had continued receiving drugs and in both placebo groups), while in the control group it had increased in all the subgroups, but particularly in those who had stopped receiving drugs. Differences in changes in blood pressure between the relaxation and control groups were significant. There were five new cardiovascular events, including evidence of @entity2 in blindly coded electrocardiograms in the control group, compared with one in the treatment group. General practitioners, if motivated, can successfully apply this technique of training those with mild @entity1 in relaxation and management of stress.

title: Can general practitioners use training in relaxation and management of stress to reduce mild XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: Between 1970 and 1979 @entity2 was diagnosed in 378 @entity0 at this hospital. The outcome for the 181 survivors was examined six or more years after diagnosis to assess morbidity in an unselected group of long term survivors. One hundred and thirty seven of the survivors were in first remission and probably cured (group I). Forty four (group II) had had one or more relapses, some of whom, who had isolated extramedullary relapses, also have a good chance of cure. In group I 136 @entity0 had prophylactic cranial or craniospinal irradiation, while @entity0 in group II, in addition to having that treatment, received local testicular (17) or craniospinal radiation (seven) for testicular or central nervous system relapse. Eight had additional prophylactic cranial radiotherapy after bone marrow relapse, and six had total body irradiation before bone marrow transplantation. The incidence of clinically important growth and endocrine morbidity was 20% in group I and 68% in group II. The morbidity in @entity0 in group I was mainly attributable to early pubertal maturation. In group II 30 @entity0 had @entity1 , of whom 19 had gonadal failure from testicular or total body irradiation, 14 had @entity3 after doses of cranial irradiation of over 2400 cGy, and 10 had @entity1 after craniospinal irradiation. Two also had early pubertal maturation. Five out of six @entity0 who received total body irradiation had @entity4 . Neuropsychological sequelae of treatment were seen in 40 (42%) of 96 schoolchildren in group I and in 12 (38%) of 32 schoolchildren in group II. Postinfective sequelae of treatment were found in @entity0 in both groups. These results show that the survivors who were in their first remission had a 42% residual morbidity related to treatment compared with an 82% morbidity in the survivors of one or more relapses who had multiple treatments.

title: Medical cost of curing childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 , a disorder of uncertain pathogenesis, is most frequently found in @entity0 with associated @entity3 . Seven @entity0 who had dominant @entity5 were evaluated. Manometry showed characteristic motor incoordination. Biochemical profiles and endoscopy were normal. Electronmicroscopic examination of the cricopharyngeal muscle biopsy specimens obtained during myotomy showed significant @entity4 . These included numerous and aberrant mitochondria, increased glycogen, lipid inclusions, and phagolysozomes. A striking finding was the presence of numerous nemaline rods in five of seven biopsy specimens examined. The pathologic changes in this muscle in cryopharyngeal @entity5 have not been reported previously. Structural changes are thought to be a secondary response to @entity2 . Nemaline rods form part of the structural abnormality of muscle in @entity0 who have cricopharyngeal @entity6 with no evidence of underlying generalized disease or @entity1 .

title: Nemaline rods in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Successful immunotherapy of early s.c. or i.p. (B16) @entity5 in syngeneic C57BL/6 (B6) @entity2 was achieved with s.c. peri-lesional injections (for s.c. @entity1 ) or i.p. injections (for i.p. @entity1 ) of recombinant @entity0 @entity6 ( @entity8 ) and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma ( @entity7 ). Over a 28-day period, @entity8 and @entity7 were injected 14 times. Results with this combination were additive with s.c. @entity1 and synergistic with i.p. @entity1 . Treatment with 6,250 U-25,000 U of @entity8 and 2 micrograms of @entity7 began 1-3 days after s.c. inoculation of @entity5 . On day 50, 87% (72/83) of @entity2 thus treated were completely free of @entity1 . None of the 78 control @entity2 ( @entity1 + buffer) survived. Of @entity2 receiving either @entity8 or @entity7 alone, 59% (47/79) and 53% (44/83), respectively, were @entity1 -free. I.p. @entity1 were also eradicated by i.p. injections of @entity8 (50,000 U) with @entity7 (5, 10, and 15 micrograms) as judged by absence of @entity1 in 81% (21/26) of @entity2 autopsied between days 45 and 65. No control @entity2 survived, and only 17% (2/12) and 20% (6/30) given either @entity8 or @entity7 separately (i.p.) were @entity1 -free. Doses of @entity7 from 1-4 micrograms were more beneficial in eliminating 1-day s.c. @entity5 than were higher doses, and local s.c. treatment was far superior to distant or systemic treatment. Non-adherent peritoneal or splenic cells from @entity2 bearing 6-day-old i.p. @entity5 and treated with one or both lymphokines on days 3 and 4 were used in @entity4 assays in vitro. Significant @entity4 against cultured @entity5 cells was displayed by cells harvested from lymphokine-treated @entity2 , but there was no evidence of the synergism observed with combination treatment of i.p. @entity1 in vivo. @entity7 inhibited proliferation of @entity5 cells in vitro, whereas @entity8 stimulated proliferation at 1,000 U/ml. Plating efficiency was increased by at least 30% by culture with 100 U or 1,000 U of @entity8 /ml and both concentrations neutralized the inhibitory effect of 0.05 ng/ml of @entity3 , but not of 0.5 or 5.0 ng/ml.

title: Eradication of @entity2 @entity5 by combined treatment with recombinant @entity0 XXXX and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Successful immunotherapy of early s.c. or i.p. (B16) @entity5 in syngeneic C57BL/6 (B6) @entity2 was achieved with s.c. peri-lesional injections (for s.c. @entity1 ) or i.p. injections (for i.p. @entity1 ) of recombinant @entity0 @entity6 ( @entity8 ) and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma ( @entity7 ). Over a 28-day period, @entity8 and @entity7 were injected 14 times. Results with this combination were additive with s.c. @entity1 and synergistic with i.p. @entity1 . Treatment with 6,250 U-25,000 U of @entity8 and 2 micrograms of @entity7 began 1-3 days after s.c. inoculation of @entity5 . On day 50, 87% (72/83) of @entity2 thus treated were completely free of @entity1 . None of the 78 control @entity2 ( @entity1 + buffer) survived. Of @entity2 receiving either @entity8 or @entity7 alone, 59% (47/79) and 53% (44/83), respectively, were @entity1 -free. I.p. @entity1 were also eradicated by i.p. injections of @entity8 (50,000 U) with @entity7 (5, 10, and 15 micrograms) as judged by absence of @entity1 in 81% (21/26) of @entity2 autopsied between days 45 and 65. No control @entity2 survived, and only 17% (2/12) and 20% (6/30) given either @entity8 or @entity7 separately (i.p.) were @entity1 -free. Doses of @entity7 from 1-4 micrograms were more beneficial in eliminating 1-day s.c. @entity5 than were higher doses, and local s.c. treatment was far superior to distant or systemic treatment. Non-adherent peritoneal or splenic cells from @entity2 bearing 6-day-old i.p. @entity5 and treated with one or both lymphokines on days 3 and 4 were used in @entity4 assays in vitro. Significant @entity4 against cultured @entity5 cells was displayed by cells harvested from lymphokine-treated @entity2 , but there was no evidence of the synergism observed with combination treatment of i.p. @entity1 in vivo. @entity7 inhibited proliferation of @entity5 cells in vitro, whereas @entity8 stimulated proliferation at 1,000 U/ml. Plating efficiency was increased by at least 30% by culture with 100 U or 1,000 U of @entity8 /ml and both concentrations neutralized the inhibitory effect of 0.05 ng/ml of @entity3 , but not of 0.5 or 5.0 ng/ml.

title: Eradication of @entity2 XXXX by combined treatment with recombinant @entity0 @entity6 and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Successful immunotherapy of early s.c. or i.p. (B16) @entity5 in syngeneic C57BL/6 (B6) @entity2 was achieved with s.c. peri-lesional injections (for s.c. @entity1 ) or i.p. injections (for i.p. @entity1 ) of recombinant @entity0 @entity6 ( @entity8 ) and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma ( @entity7 ). Over a 28-day period, @entity8 and @entity7 were injected 14 times. Results with this combination were additive with s.c. @entity1 and synergistic with i.p. @entity1 . Treatment with 6,250 U-25,000 U of @entity8 and 2 micrograms of @entity7 began 1-3 days after s.c. inoculation of @entity5 . On day 50, 87% (72/83) of @entity2 thus treated were completely free of @entity1 . None of the 78 control @entity2 ( @entity1 + buffer) survived. Of @entity2 receiving either @entity8 or @entity7 alone, 59% (47/79) and 53% (44/83), respectively, were @entity1 -free. I.p. @entity1 were also eradicated by i.p. injections of @entity8 (50,000 U) with @entity7 (5, 10, and 15 micrograms) as judged by absence of @entity1 in 81% (21/26) of @entity2 autopsied between days 45 and 65. No control @entity2 survived, and only 17% (2/12) and 20% (6/30) given either @entity8 or @entity7 separately (i.p.) were @entity1 -free. Doses of @entity7 from 1-4 micrograms were more beneficial in eliminating 1-day s.c. @entity5 than were higher doses, and local s.c. treatment was far superior to distant or systemic treatment. Non-adherent peritoneal or splenic cells from @entity2 bearing 6-day-old i.p. @entity5 and treated with one or both lymphokines on days 3 and 4 were used in @entity4 assays in vitro. Significant @entity4 against cultured @entity5 cells was displayed by cells harvested from lymphokine-treated @entity2 , but there was no evidence of the synergism observed with combination treatment of i.p. @entity1 in vivo. @entity7 inhibited proliferation of @entity5 cells in vitro, whereas @entity8 stimulated proliferation at 1,000 U/ml. Plating efficiency was increased by at least 30% by culture with 100 U or 1,000 U of @entity8 /ml and both concentrations neutralized the inhibitory effect of 0.05 ng/ml of @entity3 , but not of 0.5 or 5.0 ng/ml.

title: Eradication of XXXX @entity5 by combined treatment with recombinant @entity0 @entity6 and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Successful immunotherapy of early s.c. or i.p. (B16) @entity5 in syngeneic C57BL/6 (B6) @entity2 was achieved with s.c. peri-lesional injections (for s.c. @entity1 ) or i.p. injections (for i.p. @entity1 ) of recombinant @entity0 @entity6 ( @entity8 ) and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma ( @entity7 ). Over a 28-day period, @entity8 and @entity7 were injected 14 times. Results with this combination were additive with s.c. @entity1 and synergistic with i.p. @entity1 . Treatment with 6,250 U-25,000 U of @entity8 and 2 micrograms of @entity7 began 1-3 days after s.c. inoculation of @entity5 . On day 50, 87% (72/83) of @entity2 thus treated were completely free of @entity1 . None of the 78 control @entity2 ( @entity1 + buffer) survived. Of @entity2 receiving either @entity8 or @entity7 alone, 59% (47/79) and 53% (44/83), respectively, were @entity1 -free. I.p. @entity1 were also eradicated by i.p. injections of @entity8 (50,000 U) with @entity7 (5, 10, and 15 micrograms) as judged by absence of @entity1 in 81% (21/26) of @entity2 autopsied between days 45 and 65. No control @entity2 survived, and only 17% (2/12) and 20% (6/30) given either @entity8 or @entity7 separately (i.p.) were @entity1 -free. Doses of @entity7 from 1-4 micrograms were more beneficial in eliminating 1-day s.c. @entity5 than were higher doses, and local s.c. treatment was far superior to distant or systemic treatment. Non-adherent peritoneal or splenic cells from @entity2 bearing 6-day-old i.p. @entity5 and treated with one or both lymphokines on days 3 and 4 were used in @entity4 assays in vitro. Significant @entity4 against cultured @entity5 cells was displayed by cells harvested from lymphokine-treated @entity2 , but there was no evidence of the synergism observed with combination treatment of i.p. @entity1 in vivo. @entity7 inhibited proliferation of @entity5 cells in vitro, whereas @entity8 stimulated proliferation at 1,000 U/ml. Plating efficiency was increased by at least 30% by culture with 100 U or 1,000 U of @entity8 /ml and both concentrations neutralized the inhibitory effect of 0.05 ng/ml of @entity3 , but not of 0.5 or 5.0 ng/ml.

title: Eradication of @entity2 @entity5 by combined treatment with recombinant @entity0 @entity6 and recombinant XXXX interferon-gamma.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Successful immunotherapy of early s.c. or i.p. (B16) @entity5 in syngeneic C57BL/6 (B6) @entity2 was achieved with s.c. peri-lesional injections (for s.c. @entity1 ) or i.p. injections (for i.p. @entity1 ) of recombinant @entity0 @entity6 ( @entity8 ) and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma ( @entity7 ). Over a 28-day period, @entity8 and @entity7 were injected 14 times. Results with this combination were additive with s.c. @entity1 and synergistic with i.p. @entity1 . Treatment with 6,250 U-25,000 U of @entity8 and 2 micrograms of @entity7 began 1-3 days after s.c. inoculation of @entity5 . On day 50, 87% (72/83) of @entity2 thus treated were completely free of @entity1 . None of the 78 control @entity2 ( @entity1 + buffer) survived. Of @entity2 receiving either @entity8 or @entity7 alone, 59% (47/79) and 53% (44/83), respectively, were @entity1 -free. I.p. @entity1 were also eradicated by i.p. injections of @entity8 (50,000 U) with @entity7 (5, 10, and 15 micrograms) as judged by absence of @entity1 in 81% (21/26) of @entity2 autopsied between days 45 and 65. No control @entity2 survived, and only 17% (2/12) and 20% (6/30) given either @entity8 or @entity7 separately (i.p.) were @entity1 -free. Doses of @entity7 from 1-4 micrograms were more beneficial in eliminating 1-day s.c. @entity5 than were higher doses, and local s.c. treatment was far superior to distant or systemic treatment. Non-adherent peritoneal or splenic cells from @entity2 bearing 6-day-old i.p. @entity5 and treated with one or both lymphokines on days 3 and 4 were used in @entity4 assays in vitro. Significant @entity4 against cultured @entity5 cells was displayed by cells harvested from lymphokine-treated @entity2 , but there was no evidence of the synergism observed with combination treatment of i.p. @entity1 in vivo. @entity7 inhibited proliferation of @entity5 cells in vitro, whereas @entity8 stimulated proliferation at 1,000 U/ml. Plating efficiency was increased by at least 30% by culture with 100 U or 1,000 U of @entity8 /ml and both concentrations neutralized the inhibitory effect of 0.05 ng/ml of @entity3 , but not of 0.5 or 5.0 ng/ml.

title: Eradication of @entity2 @entity5 by combined treatment with recombinant XXXX @entity6 and recombinant @entity2 interferon-gamma.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of @entity2 rehabilitation is to enable @entity1 to attain and maintain optimal physical, psychological and social functioning. We evaluated the effect on health behavior, BMI and self-rated health of a residential psychosocial rehabilitation course for @entity2 @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity1 with a primary @entity0 were randomized to either a six-day multi-focus psychosocial residential rehabilitation intervention that included lectures, discussions and peer group discussions on issues related to treatment and life with @entity2 or to usual care. The end points were changes in smoking, @entity3 consumption, physical activity, body mass index and self-rated health between baseline and follow-up after one and six months. The primary analyses included all @entity1 who received their allocated condition. The two follow-up times were analyzed separately in general linear and logistic regression models for continuous and dichotomous outcomes, respectively. The analyses were adjusted for baseline outcome score, @entity2 site, time since diagnosis, age and education. RESULTS: Of the 507 @entity1 who were randomly assigned, 452 were included in the analysis, of whom 404 completed the one month and 394 completed the six month assessment. The intervention group showed slightly more positive changes in health behavior, BMI and self-rated health than the usual care group, but the differences between the groups were small and not significant. DISCUSSION: Participation in a six-day @entity2 rehabilitation course did not significantly influence health behavior, BMI or self-rated health among @entity2 @entity1 .

title: No change in health behavior, BMI or self-rated health after a XXXX rehabilitation: Results of a randomized trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of @entity2 requiring transient or chronic dialysis and its contributing factors in @entity0 diagnosed with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) between 1981 and 2000 in Finland. @entity0 AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study using hospital discharge registers with a review of hospital case reports. Data were complemented with files from the Finnish Registry for @entity1 . All files were reviewed by 8 October 2005. RESULTS: A total of 492 @entity0 received a verified diagnosis of @entity5 in 1981-2000. Of these, 84 (17%) needed dialysis by the end of follow-up. Of the 84 dialysed @entity0 , 32 (38%) recovered initially, 32 (38%) needed chronic dialysis (dialysed > 3 months), and 19 (23%) received a kidney transplant. Forty-one (49%) of the dialysed @entity0 were alive at the end of follow-up: 16 with a kidney transplant, 14 on dialysis, and 11 without dialysis. The cumulative rate of developing renal involvement leading to dialysis was 14.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 11.6-18.2] at 5 years and 29.6% (95% CI 21.5-40.0) at 20 years after onset of @entity5 symptoms. Elevated @entity4 levels at presentation were associated with an increased rate of @entity2 requiring chronic dialysis. Age, gender, and involvement of any particular organ system had no significant effect. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 @entity0 are at great risk of developing @entity2 , and this risk increases as the disease progresses. Elevated @entity4 levels at presentation are associated with an increased risk of dialysis-dependent @entity3 .

title: @entity5 in Finland in 1981-2000: risk of dialysis-dependent XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk of @entity2 requiring transient or chronic dialysis and its contributing factors in @entity0 diagnosed with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) between 1981 and 2000 in Finland. @entity0 AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study using hospital discharge registers with a review of hospital case reports. Data were complemented with files from the Finnish Registry for @entity1 . All files were reviewed by 8 October 2005. RESULTS: A total of 492 @entity0 received a verified diagnosis of @entity5 in 1981-2000. Of these, 84 (17%) needed dialysis by the end of follow-up. Of the 84 dialysed @entity0 , 32 (38%) recovered initially, 32 (38%) needed chronic dialysis (dialysed > 3 months), and 19 (23%) received a kidney transplant. Forty-one (49%) of the dialysed @entity0 were alive at the end of follow-up: 16 with a kidney transplant, 14 on dialysis, and 11 without dialysis. The cumulative rate of developing renal involvement leading to dialysis was 14.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 11.6-18.2] at 5 years and 29.6% (95% CI 21.5-40.0) at 20 years after onset of @entity5 symptoms. Elevated @entity4 levels at presentation were associated with an increased rate of @entity2 requiring chronic dialysis. Age, gender, and involvement of any particular organ system had no significant effect. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 @entity0 are at great risk of developing @entity2 , and this risk increases as the disease progresses. Elevated @entity4 levels at presentation are associated with an increased risk of dialysis-dependent @entity3 .

title: XXXX in Finland in 1981-2000: risk of dialysis-dependent @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: This study compares the results of cysticercus-specific IgG antibody levels, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with brain CT findings in suspected @entity7 and to assess the clinical significance of ELISA. One hundred twenty-three neurologic @entity0 were examined by both brain CT and ELISA. Sensitivity and specificity of ELISA in confirmed cases were 94% and 91%, respectively. @entity0 with @entity2 without enhancement on CT, which were thought to represent viable cysticerci, were positive by ELISA. Those with cysts with enhancement or poorly defined low densities or enhancing nodules, which represented @entity4 , were also positive by ELISA. Those with multiple spotty calcifications, which represent cysticerci in the inactive stage, were negative by ELISA. Those with mixed CT findings of the above, which represent the various stages of infection in a @entity0 , were positive by ELISA. Those with only enhancing nodules with surrounding @entity1 , which were thought to be other inflammatory @entity5 , were negative by ELISA. If @entity0 with only @entity6 on CT are positive by ELISA, they can be confidently diagnosed as having @entity3 . The results indicate that ELISA is useful as a complementary diagnostic tool, especially in @entity0 with equivocal CT findings of @entity7 . Provision of etiologic information on a biologic basis was the advantage of this serologic test.

title: Comparative evaluation of brain CT and ELISA in the diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: MR examinations of 136 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were evaluated to correlate the results with clinical, @entity3 , and visual evoked potential (VEP) findings. In addition, 22 of the 136 @entity0 were studied several times during a 5-month follow-up period. It was demonstrated that MR is superior to @entity3 findings in establishing cerebral alterations in @entity1 . A relationship between the results of @entity3 examinations and the MR results could not be detected. Negative @entity3 results corresponded to positive MR imaging and vice versa. In our series, five negative MR results were obtained in @entity0 with clinically proved @entity1 . The extent of alterations shown up by MR corresponds to the duration of the disease; in particular, more @entity2 in the periventricular region were found in @entity0 with long-standing disease. More plaques were found in @entity0 with a primary relapsing/remitting course of the disease than with the primary chronic progressive form. The clinical course and the grade of disability did not correspond to differences in MR imaging. Follow-up demonstrated that most lesions remain unchanged (72-79%); increases and decreases in the size of the plaques seem to depend on the clinical course. These results suggest that MR is the most sensitive technique for establishing the diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: MR imaging in XXXX : comparison with clinical, @entity3 , and visual evoked potential findings.

answer: @entity1


abstract: MR examinations of 136 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were evaluated to correlate the results with clinical, @entity3 , and visual evoked potential (VEP) findings. In addition, 22 of the 136 @entity0 were studied several times during a 5-month follow-up period. It was demonstrated that MR is superior to @entity3 findings in establishing cerebral alterations in @entity1 . A relationship between the results of @entity3 examinations and the MR results could not be detected. Negative @entity3 results corresponded to positive MR imaging and vice versa. In our series, five negative MR results were obtained in @entity0 with clinically proved @entity1 . The extent of alterations shown up by MR corresponds to the duration of the disease; in particular, more @entity2 in the periventricular region were found in @entity0 with long-standing disease. More plaques were found in @entity0 with a primary relapsing/remitting course of the disease than with the primary chronic progressive form. The clinical course and the grade of disability did not correspond to differences in MR imaging. Follow-up demonstrated that most lesions remain unchanged (72-79%); increases and decreases in the size of the plaques seem to depend on the clinical course. These results suggest that MR is the most sensitive technique for establishing the diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: MR imaging in @entity1 : comparison with clinical, XXXX , and visual evoked potential findings.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Clinical and histopathological investigations were carried out in 71 cases of @entity3 of the corpus uteri treated at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tohoku University Hospital over the 10 year period from 1968 through 1977. The ratio of cases of the corpus uteri to those of the cervix was 6.5/100. The average age of the former group was 58 years and 30% of them were nulligravida. The rates of accompanying hyprtension and @entity2 were 21% and 20%, respectively. With regard to clinical stages, 75% were Stage I, 13% were Stage II, 10% were Stage III and 1% were Stage IV. The histological grade was G1 in 61%, G2 in 26%, and G3 in 13%. In Stage I, 80% of the cases had @entity1 into less than 1/3 of the uterine wall, but in Stage II invasion was limited to 1/3 in less than 25%. @entity1 to pelvic lymph nodes was found in 3 of 34 cases (9%): 1 of 24 cases of Stage I (4%) and 2 of 9 (cases of Stage II (22%). All three of these cases had @entity1 reaching deeper than 1/3 of the uterine wall. Those with deep @entity1 showed a diffuse invasive pattern, as did those of G2 or G3 lesions. Cases of G1 lesions showed a relatively shallow @entity1 , whereas there was a tendency for cases of G2 or G3 lesions to have deep @entity1 . The over-all 5 year relative survival rate was 83%, while that for the Stage I @entity0 was 98%. All 12 of the @entity0 who died of recurrence of @entity3 of the corpus uteri died within 2 years of treatment.

title: Clinical and histopathological study of XXXX of the corpus uteri.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A high prevalence of postpartum @entity1 has been reported in several countries, but there have been no systematic studies of its prevalence in Britain. Among a group of 901 consecutive, unselected pregnant @entity0 thyroid autoantibodies were detected in 117 (13%) at booking. The clinical course of postpartum @entity1 , factors associated with its development, and its likely prevalence were defined in 100 of these @entity0 with thyroid antibodies and 120 @entity0 with no such antibodies who were matched for age. None of the @entity0 had a history of @entity4 . Normal reference ranges for thyroid function during pregnancy and post partum were established in the 120 @entity0 negative for thyroid antibodies. On the basis of these observations postpartum @entity1 was observed in 49 (22%) of the 220 @entity0 studied, and the prevalence in the total group of 901 @entity0 was estimated to be 16.7%. @entity1 , mainly occurring in the first six months post partum, was usually transient and included both destruction induced @entity3 and @entity2 . The development of the syndrome was significantly related to smoking more than 20 cigarettes a day and the presence of thyroid microsomal autoantibodies at booking. Of the 16 @entity0 with a family history of @entity1 in whom thyroid microsomal autoantibody activity was detectable at booking, 11 developed @entity1 . Age, parity, presence of goitre at presentation, duration of breast feeding, and the sex and birth weight of the @entity0 were not associated with the development of postpartum @entity1 . The mood changes experienced by @entity0 post partum may in part be associated with altered thyroid function during this time.

title: Postpartum XXXX in Mid Glamorgan.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the long-term safety of the @entity6 -eluting stent (ZES) using a pooled analysis of pivotal trials. BACKGROUND: Drug-eluting stents, compared with bare-metal stents (BMS), have reduced @entity3 ; however, individual trials of these stents have not had sufficient power to ascertain long-term safety. METHODS: We combined @entity0 level data from 6 prospective randomized single-arm multicenter trials involving 2,132 @entity0 treated with ZES and 596 @entity0 treated with a BMS control. The median follow-up was 4.1 years, with 5-year follow-up completed in 1,256 @entity0 (97% of those eligible). The recommended minimum duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in these studies was 3 to 6 months regardless of stent type. An independent events committee adjudicated all events. The 2 treatment groups were compared after adjustment for between trial variation and for individual @entity0 clinical and angiographic characteristics by propensity score. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of adverse events at 5 years for ZES and BMS were: @entity2 : 5.9% versus 7.6% (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.81, p = 0.34), @entity2 : 2.4 versus 3.7% (0.83, p = 0.57), @entity4 : 3.4 versus 4.8% (0.77, p = 0.37), @entity1 revascularization: 7.0% vs. 16.5% (0.42, p < 0.001), stent @entity5 (definite or probable): 0.8 versus 1.7% (0.50, p = 0.21). After adjustment for variation in study and @entity0 characteristics, there were no significant differences in stent @entity5 or the clinical safety event rates at 5 years between ZES and BMS. CONCLUSIONS: Over 5 years, there was no increased risk of @entity2 , @entity4 , or stent @entity5 , and there was a benefit of prevention of repeat revascularization procedures in ZES compared with BMS.

title: Long-term clinical outcomes with XXXX -eluting versus bare-metal coronary stents.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Evidence suggests that dopaminergic systems are critical for the learning and memory of spatial discriminations in the adult @entity0 . However, the effect that early dopaminergic lesions have on spatial discriminations throughout development has not been examined. Thus the present experiments investigated the effects of neonatal @entity2 (DA) depletion on spatial discrimination tasks. Subjects were lesioned at 3 and 6 days of age with intraventricular @entity3 preceded by @entity4 . In Experiment 1 subjects were tested before weaning for the ability to spontaneously alternate in a T-maze both in the presence of their home cage shavings and with a screen covering the shavings. Lesioned animals were significantly impaired in their ability to spontaneously alternate. Control and lesioned animals both showed a decrease in performance when the screen prevented full access to the shavings, and the magnitude of the impairment was significantly greater for the lesioned animals. In Experiment 2, subjects were tested after weaning in an appetitively motivated task in T-maze. The task required both a functional working and a reference memory. Lesioned animals were @entity1 of the task; however, the magnitude of the impairment was greater in the working memory task. These results suggest that early lesions of general DA systems produce deficits in tasks requiring spatial alternation behavior. These deficits can be exaggerated by certain environmental stimuli and are not reversed by food reward.

title: Effects of neonatal XXXX depletion on spatial ability during ontogeny.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: There has been a large influx of central and east European (CEE) migrants to the U.K. following the expansion of the European Union. This paper examines factors associated with genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic attendance and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) diagnosis among CEE migrants in London. METHODS: A survey of sexual behaviour was conducted among CEE migrants attending two central London GUM clinics (n=299) and community venues in London (n=2276). Routinely collected clinic data were also analysed. RESULTS: CEE migrants made up 2.9% of male and 7.0% of female attendees at the clinics. Half the @entity0 attending sessions for female sex workers were from CEE countries, and paying for sex was widely reported by @entity0 . @entity0 were more likely than @entity0 to have attended a GUM clinic in the U.K. (7.6% vs. 4.5%, p=0.002). GUM survey respondents were more likely than community survey respondents to report one or more new sexual partners in the past year ( @entity0 67.9% vs. 28.3%, p < 0.001; @entity0 75.6% vs. 45.1%, p < 0.001) and homosexual partnership(s) in the past 5 years ( @entity0 54.3% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001), but were less likely to report assortative heterosexual mixing ( @entity0 25.9% vs. 74.2%, p < 0.001; @entity0 56.5% vs. 76.3%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: CEE @entity0 make up a notable minority of @entity0 attending two central London GUM clinics. Higher numbers of sexual partners, homosexual partnerships and sexual mixing with @entity0 from outside the country of origin are associated with GUM clinic attendance. Heterosexual CEE @entity0 report behaviours associated with @entity1 / @entity2 acquisition but appear to be underutilising GUM services.

title: Factors associated with genitourinary medicine clinic attendance and XXXX diagnosis among central and east European migrants in London.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens have been demonstrated on the surface of thyroid epithelial cells (thyrocytes) from @entity0 with @entity3 . The present study was designed to investigate how the expression of class II MHC antigens is involved in autoimmune processes in @entity4 by studying cellular interactions among thyrocytes, lymphocytes within @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes. Thyrocytes were prepared by collagenase digestion, and T or non-T cells were separated by E-rosette formation. Thyrocytes were cocultured in the presence or absence of @entity1 , and the expression of HLA-DR antigens on cultured thyrocytes was examined by an indirect immunofluorescence method using monoclonal anti-HLA-DR antibody and monoclonal anti-HLA-DQ antibody. The cellular interactions were assessed as the proliferative response of T cells to autologous stimulators, such as thyrocytes or lymphocytes. Expression of HLA-DR antigens on thyrocytes after culture for 18 h in the absence of @entity1 was found in two thirds of the @entity0 with @entity4 studied (n = 18). @entity1 induced and maintained the expression of HLA-DR antigens on thyrocytes. The percentages of HLA-DR+T cells were significantly higher among @entity5 cells than among PB-T cells [32.6 +/- 12.4% (+/- SD) vs. 12.2 +/-5.0%; n = 18; P less than 0.01]. Thyrocytes from Graves' @entity0 induced proliferation of both autologous PB-T cells and @entity5 cells, and @entity5 cells stimulated proliferation of autologous PB-T cells. In conclusion, @entity1 induces HLA-DR antigen expression on thyrocytes from @entity0 with @entity4 , and these cells induce proliferation of autologous T cells, which may, in turn, act on thyrocytes to perpetuate the process.

title: Class II major histocompatibility complex antigen expression and cellular interactions in @entity2 of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens have been demonstrated on the surface of thyroid epithelial cells (thyrocytes) from @entity0 with @entity3 . The present study was designed to investigate how the expression of class II MHC antigens is involved in autoimmune processes in @entity4 by studying cellular interactions among thyrocytes, lymphocytes within @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and peripheral blood (PB) lymphocytes. Thyrocytes were prepared by collagenase digestion, and T or non-T cells were separated by E-rosette formation. Thyrocytes were cocultured in the presence or absence of @entity1 , and the expression of HLA-DR antigens on cultured thyrocytes was examined by an indirect immunofluorescence method using monoclonal anti-HLA-DR antibody and monoclonal anti-HLA-DQ antibody. The cellular interactions were assessed as the proliferative response of T cells to autologous stimulators, such as thyrocytes or lymphocytes. Expression of HLA-DR antigens on thyrocytes after culture for 18 h in the absence of @entity1 was found in two thirds of the @entity0 with @entity4 studied (n = 18). @entity1 induced and maintained the expression of HLA-DR antigens on thyrocytes. The percentages of HLA-DR+T cells were significantly higher among @entity5 cells than among PB-T cells [32.6 +/- 12.4% (+/- SD) vs. 12.2 +/-5.0%; n = 18; P less than 0.01]. Thyrocytes from Graves' @entity0 induced proliferation of both autologous PB-T cells and @entity5 cells, and @entity5 cells stimulated proliferation of autologous PB-T cells. In conclusion, @entity1 induces HLA-DR antigen expression on thyrocytes from @entity0 with @entity4 , and these cells induce proliferation of autologous T cells, which may, in turn, act on thyrocytes to perpetuate the process.

title: Class II major histocompatibility complex antigen expression and cellular interactions in XXXX of @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity1 and @entity0 major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain genes are expressed in mature B cells and in antigen-presenting cells. Several pre-B cell lines and fibroblasts do not naturally contain invariant chain mRNA. Expression is inducible, however, by interferons and other agents interfering with proliferation. @entity3 induces the transcription of the gene in pre-B cells, but not in fibroblasts. @entity2 acts in both types of cells. @entity4 inhibits the induction of the invariant chain mRNA by @entity2 , suggesting that protein synthesis is required. In fact, @entity4 itself increases the transcriptional rate at the invariant chain gene, suggesting the existence of a labile repressor or an indirect action through @entity4 arrest of the cell cycle. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation of B lymphocytes causes a rapid decrease of the invariant chain mRNA level and of the amount of invariant chain protein due to rapid turnover. Also class II alpha and beta mRNA expression decreases after LPS treatment. The decrease of invariant chain protein is accompanied by increased surface expression of alpha and beta. The @entity1 invariant chain gene transfected into @entity0 fibroblasts is regulated by the same agents and the same dose of agents as is the endogenous gene. The differentiation marker invariant chain thus seems to be transcribed from a gene that is accessible to regulation even in nonlymphoid cells and the expression of which is linked to states of nonproliferation. The sequence responsible for these responses is contained within the cloned genomic fragment and is conserved between @entity1 and @entity0 .

title: @entity2 , XXXX , and @entity4 as regulatory agents of MHC class II-associated invariant chain expression.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity1 and @entity0 major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain genes are expressed in mature B cells and in antigen-presenting cells. Several pre-B cell lines and fibroblasts do not naturally contain invariant chain mRNA. Expression is inducible, however, by interferons and other agents interfering with proliferation. @entity3 induces the transcription of the gene in pre-B cells, but not in fibroblasts. @entity2 acts in both types of cells. @entity4 inhibits the induction of the invariant chain mRNA by @entity2 , suggesting that protein synthesis is required. In fact, @entity4 itself increases the transcriptional rate at the invariant chain gene, suggesting the existence of a labile repressor or an indirect action through @entity4 arrest of the cell cycle. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation of B lymphocytes causes a rapid decrease of the invariant chain mRNA level and of the amount of invariant chain protein due to rapid turnover. Also class II alpha and beta mRNA expression decreases after LPS treatment. The decrease of invariant chain protein is accompanied by increased surface expression of alpha and beta. The @entity1 invariant chain gene transfected into @entity0 fibroblasts is regulated by the same agents and the same dose of agents as is the endogenous gene. The differentiation marker invariant chain thus seems to be transcribed from a gene that is accessible to regulation even in nonlymphoid cells and the expression of which is linked to states of nonproliferation. The sequence responsible for these responses is contained within the cloned genomic fragment and is conserved between @entity1 and @entity0 .

title: @entity2 , @entity3 , and XXXX as regulatory agents of MHC class II-associated invariant chain expression.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity1 and @entity0 major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain genes are expressed in mature B cells and in antigen-presenting cells. Several pre-B cell lines and fibroblasts do not naturally contain invariant chain mRNA. Expression is inducible, however, by interferons and other agents interfering with proliferation. @entity3 induces the transcription of the gene in pre-B cells, but not in fibroblasts. @entity2 acts in both types of cells. @entity4 inhibits the induction of the invariant chain mRNA by @entity2 , suggesting that protein synthesis is required. In fact, @entity4 itself increases the transcriptional rate at the invariant chain gene, suggesting the existence of a labile repressor or an indirect action through @entity4 arrest of the cell cycle. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation of B lymphocytes causes a rapid decrease of the invariant chain mRNA level and of the amount of invariant chain protein due to rapid turnover. Also class II alpha and beta mRNA expression decreases after LPS treatment. The decrease of invariant chain protein is accompanied by increased surface expression of alpha and beta. The @entity1 invariant chain gene transfected into @entity0 fibroblasts is regulated by the same agents and the same dose of agents as is the endogenous gene. The differentiation marker invariant chain thus seems to be transcribed from a gene that is accessible to regulation even in nonlymphoid cells and the expression of which is linked to states of nonproliferation. The sequence responsible for these responses is contained within the cloned genomic fragment and is conserved between @entity1 and @entity0 .

title: XXXX , @entity3 , and @entity4 as regulatory agents of MHC class II-associated invariant chain expression.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The relationship between @entity1 , @entity4 , and resting energy expenditure (REE) has been investigated in 136 @entity0 using indirect calorimetry. Ninety-one @entity0 had gastric, colorectal, or @entity5 , seven @entity0 had other @entity1 , and 38 @entity0 had @entity3 . Four groups were studied: weight stable @entity1 @entity0 (CWS: N = 56), weight losing @entity1 @entity0 (CWL: N = 42), weight stable @entity0 with @entity3 (NCWS: N = 22), and weight losing @entity0 with @entity3 (NCWL: N = 16). In each group REE correlated significantly with body weight, metabolic body size, and lean body mass (LBM: estimated from total body water measurements). The closest correlation was between REE and lean body mass, with the slope of the CWL regression line differing significantly from that of the CWS (p less than 0.05) and NCWS (p less than 0.02) groups. However, there was no difference in REE expressed as kcal/kg LBM/d between the groups. The slopes of the regressions between REE and LBM were almost identical when all @entity1 @entity0 were compared with all @entity0 with @entity3 . However, when all weight stable @entity0 were compared with all weight losing @entity0 , there was a highly significant difference between the slopes of the regressions (p less than 0.005). This indicates that the weight losing state rather than the presence or absence of @entity1 is responsible for an alteration in the relationship between REE and LBM. There were no differences in REE between the different @entity1 types. It is concluded that REE is not elevated in @entity0 with @entity2 . Elevation of REE contributes very little to the etiology of @entity1 .

title: The relationship between resting energy expenditure and XXXX in benign and @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The relationship between @entity1 , @entity4 , and resting energy expenditure (REE) has been investigated in 136 @entity0 using indirect calorimetry. Ninety-one @entity0 had gastric, colorectal, or @entity5 , seven @entity0 had other @entity1 , and 38 @entity0 had @entity3 . Four groups were studied: weight stable @entity1 @entity0 (CWS: N = 56), weight losing @entity1 @entity0 (CWL: N = 42), weight stable @entity0 with @entity3 (NCWS: N = 22), and weight losing @entity0 with @entity3 (NCWL: N = 16). In each group REE correlated significantly with body weight, metabolic body size, and lean body mass (LBM: estimated from total body water measurements). The closest correlation was between REE and lean body mass, with the slope of the CWL regression line differing significantly from that of the CWS (p less than 0.05) and NCWS (p less than 0.02) groups. However, there was no difference in REE expressed as kcal/kg LBM/d between the groups. The slopes of the regressions between REE and LBM were almost identical when all @entity1 @entity0 were compared with all @entity0 with @entity3 . However, when all weight stable @entity0 were compared with all weight losing @entity0 , there was a highly significant difference between the slopes of the regressions (p less than 0.005). This indicates that the weight losing state rather than the presence or absence of @entity1 is responsible for an alteration in the relationship between REE and LBM. There were no differences in REE between the different @entity1 types. It is concluded that REE is not elevated in @entity0 with @entity2 . Elevation of REE contributes very little to the etiology of @entity1 .

title: The relationship between resting energy expenditure and @entity4 in benign and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a recently recognized acute multisystem illness that may recur. Epidemiologic links with menstruation and use of tampons have been identified. We report the cases of seven @entity0 (six @entity0 and one @entity0 ), 12 to 31 years old, seen over nine months, who met the criteria for @entity2 . Four were menstruating at onset. All had @entity7 , @entity3 , @entity14 and distal desquamation. A prodrome of @entity12 and @entity4 occurred in all @entity0 . Clinical features of the acute illness included @entity16 , @entity15 , @entity6 and @entity1 (7), @entity10 (6), mental @entity11 (6) and @entity13 (4). In three @entity0 , examination of cerebrospinal fluid showed abnormalities. The illness progressed in three @entity0 to adult @entity8 and significant @entity5 . @entity9 was isolated from mucosal sites in six. The disease recurred in two. There were no deaths. Possible transmissibility was illustrated by two @entity0 , a married couple, with simultaneous illnesses. Pathophysiologic features of @entity2 suggest a toxicogenic cause. Management consists of early recognition, vigorous fluid resuscitation, inotropic support as needed, discontinuation of tampon use and treatment with antistaphylococcal antimicrobic drugs.

title: The clinical spectrum of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: While the usefulness of the @entity0 fetal pancreas transplanted into diabetic @entity0 has yet to be realized, its transplantation into @entity1 has revealed some of its potential. In this animal the organ grows in size, during which time differentiation of its endocrine component and maturation of the insulinogenic response to @entity2 occurs. The results reported in this article expand these results by providing data on the weight and both the @entity3 and glucagon content of these passaged organs. @entity0 fetal pancreata of gestational age 14-19 wk were implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) in @entity1 and maintained in vivo for 5-54 wk (absolute age 19-68 wk). The implants were then removed and their @entity3 and glucagon content determined. Both the weight of these implants and their @entity3 content were positively correlated with the absolute age of the tissue (weight: r = 0.61, P less than 0.001; @entity3 content: r = 0.62, P = 0.0003). The glucagon content bore no relationship to the age. The maximum level of @entity3 extracted from 30 passaged @entity0 fetal pancreata was 0.8 U, a level far below the daily @entity3 requirements in adult @entity0 . It is suggested that an explanation for this is the site of transplantation used. To compare the s.c. site with the renal subcapsular space, the explants of four fetal pancreata were evenly divided between these two sites. After 11-13 wk, the implants were removed. Those beneath the renal capsule were larger and contained a greater amount of @entity3 and glucagon than those transplanted s.c.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Growth and hormonal content of XXXX fetal pancreas passaged in athymic @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: While the usefulness of the @entity0 fetal pancreas transplanted into diabetic @entity0 has yet to be realized, its transplantation into @entity1 has revealed some of its potential. In this animal the organ grows in size, during which time differentiation of its endocrine component and maturation of the insulinogenic response to @entity2 occurs. The results reported in this article expand these results by providing data on the weight and both the @entity3 and glucagon content of these passaged organs. @entity0 fetal pancreata of gestational age 14-19 wk were implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) in @entity1 and maintained in vivo for 5-54 wk (absolute age 19-68 wk). The implants were then removed and their @entity3 and glucagon content determined. Both the weight of these implants and their @entity3 content were positively correlated with the absolute age of the tissue (weight: r = 0.61, P less than 0.001; @entity3 content: r = 0.62, P = 0.0003). The glucagon content bore no relationship to the age. The maximum level of @entity3 extracted from 30 passaged @entity0 fetal pancreata was 0.8 U, a level far below the daily @entity3 requirements in adult @entity0 . It is suggested that an explanation for this is the site of transplantation used. To compare the s.c. site with the renal subcapsular space, the explants of four fetal pancreata were evenly divided between these two sites. After 11-13 wk, the implants were removed. Those beneath the renal capsule were larger and contained a greater amount of @entity3 and glucagon than those transplanted s.c.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Growth and hormonal content of @entity0 fetal pancreas passaged in athymic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The relationship between concentrations of anticonvulsive drugs in the brain and various parameters of @entity3 was investigated in @entity1 . Maximal electroshock seizures were elicited with a current intensity (60 Hz, 50 mA for 0.2 sec) through corneal electrodes. @entity3 movements were detected by an accelerometer, amplified and recorded by a polygraph. Concentrations of anticonvulsive drugs in the whole brain were determined by the method of enzyme immunoassay. With various doses of @entity2 (PB: 5-35 mg/kg, i.p.), duration of @entity11 ( @entity11 ) was prolonged, whereas duration of @entity11 ( @entity11 ) and clonic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was shortened in a dose-dependent manner. The correlation coefficient between the PB concentration and the duration of @entity11 , @entity11 or @entity3 was 0.680, -0.882 or 0.409, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the PB concentration and the intensity of @entity11 or @entity3 , measured by the integrated curve of the accelerometer, was -0.847 or 0.440. The correlation coefficient between the PB concentration and the ratio of @entity11 -duration/ @entity11 -duration ( @entity11 / @entity11 ratio) was -0.901. After administration of @entity9 (PNT), @entity5 ( @entity6 ) or @entity4 ( @entity7 ), a highly negative correlation between the drug level in the brain and the @entity11 / @entity11 ratio was also obtained. In the case of @entity10 , @entity8 , @entity14 or @entity13 , the @entity11 / @entity11 ratio was decreased dose-dependently, but the slope of the dose-response regression line was less steep than that obtained by the administration of PB, @entity15 , @entity6 , @entity7 or @entity12 . These results suggest that the @entity11 / @entity11 ratio may be the most reliable parameter for drug evaluation of the anticonvulsive efficacy against @entity3 in @entity0 @entity0 .

title: [The correlation between concentrations of anticonvulsive drugs in the brain and various parameters of XXXX in @entity1 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The relationship between concentrations of anticonvulsive drugs in the brain and various parameters of @entity3 was investigated in @entity1 . Maximal electroshock seizures were elicited with a current intensity (60 Hz, 50 mA for 0.2 sec) through corneal electrodes. @entity3 movements were detected by an accelerometer, amplified and recorded by a polygraph. Concentrations of anticonvulsive drugs in the whole brain were determined by the method of enzyme immunoassay. With various doses of @entity2 (PB: 5-35 mg/kg, i.p.), duration of @entity11 ( @entity11 ) was prolonged, whereas duration of @entity11 ( @entity11 ) and clonic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was shortened in a dose-dependent manner. The correlation coefficient between the PB concentration and the duration of @entity11 , @entity11 or @entity3 was 0.680, -0.882 or 0.409, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the PB concentration and the intensity of @entity11 or @entity3 , measured by the integrated curve of the accelerometer, was -0.847 or 0.440. The correlation coefficient between the PB concentration and the ratio of @entity11 -duration/ @entity11 -duration ( @entity11 / @entity11 ratio) was -0.901. After administration of @entity9 (PNT), @entity5 ( @entity6 ) or @entity4 ( @entity7 ), a highly negative correlation between the drug level in the brain and the @entity11 / @entity11 ratio was also obtained. In the case of @entity10 , @entity8 , @entity14 or @entity13 , the @entity11 / @entity11 ratio was decreased dose-dependently, but the slope of the dose-response regression line was less steep than that obtained by the administration of PB, @entity15 , @entity6 , @entity7 or @entity12 . These results suggest that the @entity11 / @entity11 ratio may be the most reliable parameter for drug evaluation of the anticonvulsive efficacy against @entity3 in @entity0 @entity0 .

title: [The correlation between concentrations of anticonvulsive drugs in the brain and various parameters of @entity3 in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Many developed countries are faced with the problem of reorganizing their @entity2 -control programme to bring it into line with modern conditions. The study reported was undertaken to provide guidelines for this reorganization. It was begun in the district of Kol  n, Czechoslovakia, with a population of some 100 000, in 1961 and is still in progress. The paper covers the first 4 years of the study.In 1961 a thorough check-up was made on all @entity0 registered as having active or inactive @entity2 , or @entity1 . In 1961 and 1963 a mass X-ray and tuberculin-testing campaign, with 95% coverage, was carried out for all @entity0 over 14 years of age. All @entity0 with active @entity2 received adequate treatment. @entity0 registered as having @entity2 or suspected @entity2 were subjected to regular photofluorographic and bacteriological investigations. Newborn @entity0 were given BCG vaccination, and @entity0 aged 14 years and 19 years with negative tuberculin reactions were vaccinated.The prevalence of bacillary @entity2 fell from 150 cases in 1960 to 91 in 1964, mainly owing to a decrease in the number of chronic cases. The incidence of bacillary @entity2 detectable by direct smear microscopy, however, remained at about 25 cases throughout the period 1961-64. The risk of developing @entity2 was found to be highest in @entity0 with @entity1 or inactive @entity2 , and in @entity0 above 45 years of age and @entity0 above 65 with previously normal photofluorograms.It is concluded from the study that in developed countries priority should be given to adequate treatment of all @entity0 with active @entity2 , and to early diagnosis in @entity0 consulting physicians and in the high-risk population groups.

title: Epidemiological and clinical study of XXXX in the district of Kolin, Czechoslovakia. Report for the first 4 years of the study (1961-64).

answer: @entity2


abstract: Background. Multiple @entity2 failures among @entity1 @entity0 suggest the design of new therapeutic strategies. We investigated the role of 2-week course of enteral treatment with a very low-calorie protein-based formula in the management of severe @entity1 . Methods. We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of 2-week continuous administration of a protein-based formula (1.2   g/kg of ideal body weight/day) by nasogastric tube in severely @entity1 adults (body mass index (BMI) >=  40   kg/m(2)). Results. In total, 364 @entity0 (59% @entity0 ; BMI = 46.6    7.2   kg/m(2)) were recruited. The intervention was discontinued within 48 hours in 26 @entity0 , due to nasogastric tube intolerance. No serious adverse events occurred. During the first and the second week, 65% and 80% @entity0 , respectively, reported no side effects. All biochemical safety parameters were affected by the intervention, particularly @entity4 (+45%) and aminotransferases (+48%). In the other cases the change was negligible. We observed significant @entity2 (5.7    2.3%) and improvement in blood pressure and @entity3 and lipid metabolism parameters (P < 0.001). Conclusions. A 2-week course of enteral treatment with a very low-calorie protein-based formula appeared a feasible, likely safe, and efficacious therapeutic option to be considered for inclusion into a composite @entity2 program for the management of severe @entity1 . This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01965990.

title: A 2-Week Course of Enteral Treatment with a Very Low-Calorie Protein-Based Formula for the Management of Severe XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: To assess the efficacy of absolute @entity5 as a sclerosant, endoscopic sclerotherapy was carried out using a conventional endoscope and an indigenously designed injector. Forty three @entity0 with portal @entity3 who had presented with history of variceal @entity8 were included in the study. Portal @entity3 was caused by @entity1 in 30 (69.8%), @entity1 in eight (18.6%) and extra-hepatic obstruction in five (11.8%). Acute @entity8 was successfully controlled in all 11 @entity0 , seven with a fresh bleed and four who rebled while on endoscopic sclerotherapy regimen. All @entity0 with fresh, recent, or old @entity8 were treated with a weekly endoscopic sclerotherapy schedule. Reduction in variceal size of two or more grades was achieved in all 20 @entity0 who had completed at least four endoscopic sclerotherapy courses with total eradication of varices in 16 (80%). The mean (+/- SD) number of endoscopic sclerotherapy courses and time required for variceal eradication was 6.06 (+/- 1.87) and 9.1 (+/- 4.69) weeks respectively. None of these @entity0 has shown appearance of fresh varices in a follow up of 18.47 +/- 8.50 weeks (range six to 38 weeks). Six @entity0 died; all @entity6 were caused by progressive @entity2 . Complications usually seen were @entity9 , @entity4 and @entity7 ; these were mild and easily tolerated by the @entity0 . Rebleeding occurred in four @entity0 who had received less than four endoscopic sclerotherapy courses. Absolute @entity5 appears to be an effective, safe, economical, and freely available sclerosant. advocate endoscopic sclerotherapy as the first line of treatment for @entity8 and recommend a weekly schedule for the early eradication of varices.

title: Endoscopic sclerotherapy using absolute XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) increases both bone formation ( @entity5 ) and bone resorption, whereas @entity4 reduces bone resorption. It is possible that the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 will enhance their effects on @entity5 . Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted to identify relative studies. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT), which assessed the efficacy of combination therapy in @entity0 with @entity1 . The outcomes included the mean percent increases in @entity5 of lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and distal radius. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using of random-effects or fixed-effects model, depending on the heterogeneity between the included studies. RESULTS: Six RCTs with a total number of 833 @entity0 were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimates showed that, the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 resulted in a higher mean percent change of increased @entity5 in distal radius ( @entity2 = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.58, 3.31; P = 0.000), but not in lumbar spine ( @entity2 = -0.83, 95% CI: -3.48, 1.81; P = 0.538), femoral neck ( @entity2 = -0.99, 95% CI: -2.04, 0.07; P = 0.068), and total hip ( @entity2 = -0.06, 95% CI: -0.93, 0.81; P = 0.892). The subgroup analysis based on the dosage and schedule of @entity3 , study duration, gender of @entity0 , and anabolic agents, were conducted. And results revealed that among the @entity0 in the combination therapy group, greater increases in the spine @entity5 were observed when the @entity3 was administered with a dosage of 20  g ( @entity2 = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.24, 3.43; P = 0.000), or the treatment duration lasted more than 12 months ( @entity2 = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.00, 3.47; P = 0.000), or the combination therapy was used in @entity1 @entity0 ( @entity2 = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.63, 2.53; P = 0.001). However, the combination of @entity3 of 40  g with @entity4 produced a decrease in the @entity5 at spine ( @entity2 = -4.56, 95% CI: -7.56, -1.56; P = 0.003) and femoral neck ( @entity2 = -5.82, 95% CI: -9.91, -1.72; P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that the addition of @entity4 to @entity3 in the treatment of @entity1 , reduced the ability of @entity3 therapy to increase the @entity5 at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip.

title: @entity3 plus XXXX in @entity1 : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) increases both bone formation ( @entity5 ) and bone resorption, whereas @entity4 reduces bone resorption. It is possible that the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 will enhance their effects on @entity5 . Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted to identify relative studies. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT), which assessed the efficacy of combination therapy in @entity0 with @entity1 . The outcomes included the mean percent increases in @entity5 of lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and distal radius. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using of random-effects or fixed-effects model, depending on the heterogeneity between the included studies. RESULTS: Six RCTs with a total number of 833 @entity0 were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimates showed that, the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 resulted in a higher mean percent change of increased @entity5 in distal radius ( @entity2 = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.58, 3.31; P = 0.000), but not in lumbar spine ( @entity2 = -0.83, 95% CI: -3.48, 1.81; P = 0.538), femoral neck ( @entity2 = -0.99, 95% CI: -2.04, 0.07; P = 0.068), and total hip ( @entity2 = -0.06, 95% CI: -0.93, 0.81; P = 0.892). The subgroup analysis based on the dosage and schedule of @entity3 , study duration, gender of @entity0 , and anabolic agents, were conducted. And results revealed that among the @entity0 in the combination therapy group, greater increases in the spine @entity5 were observed when the @entity3 was administered with a dosage of 20  g ( @entity2 = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.24, 3.43; P = 0.000), or the treatment duration lasted more than 12 months ( @entity2 = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.00, 3.47; P = 0.000), or the combination therapy was used in @entity1 @entity0 ( @entity2 = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.63, 2.53; P = 0.001). However, the combination of @entity3 of 40  g with @entity4 produced a decrease in the @entity5 at spine ( @entity2 = -4.56, 95% CI: -7.56, -1.56; P = 0.003) and femoral neck ( @entity2 = -5.82, 95% CI: -9.91, -1.72; P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that the addition of @entity4 to @entity3 in the treatment of @entity1 , reduced the ability of @entity3 therapy to increase the @entity5 at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip.

title: @entity3 plus @entity4 in XXXX : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) increases both bone formation ( @entity5 ) and bone resorption, whereas @entity4 reduces bone resorption. It is possible that the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 will enhance their effects on @entity5 . Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted to identify relative studies. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT), which assessed the efficacy of combination therapy in @entity0 with @entity1 . The outcomes included the mean percent increases in @entity5 of lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and distal radius. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using of random-effects or fixed-effects model, depending on the heterogeneity between the included studies. RESULTS: Six RCTs with a total number of 833 @entity0 were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimates showed that, the combination therapy of @entity3 with @entity4 resulted in a higher mean percent change of increased @entity5 in distal radius ( @entity2 = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.58, 3.31; P = 0.000), but not in lumbar spine ( @entity2 = -0.83, 95% CI: -3.48, 1.81; P = 0.538), femoral neck ( @entity2 = -0.99, 95% CI: -2.04, 0.07; P = 0.068), and total hip ( @entity2 = -0.06, 95% CI: -0.93, 0.81; P = 0.892). The subgroup analysis based on the dosage and schedule of @entity3 , study duration, gender of @entity0 , and anabolic agents, were conducted. And results revealed that among the @entity0 in the combination therapy group, greater increases in the spine @entity5 were observed when the @entity3 was administered with a dosage of 20  g ( @entity2 = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.24, 3.43; P = 0.000), or the treatment duration lasted more than 12 months ( @entity2 = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.00, 3.47; P = 0.000), or the combination therapy was used in @entity1 @entity0 ( @entity2 = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.63, 2.53; P = 0.001). However, the combination of @entity3 of 40  g with @entity4 produced a decrease in the @entity5 at spine ( @entity2 = -4.56, 95% CI: -7.56, -1.56; P = 0.003) and femoral neck ( @entity2 = -5.82, 95% CI: -9.91, -1.72; P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that the addition of @entity4 to @entity3 in the treatment of @entity1 , reduced the ability of @entity3 therapy to increase the @entity5 at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip.

title: XXXX plus @entity4 in @entity1 : a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 is an @entity5 characterized by fibrotic changes in skin and other organs involving excessive collagen deposition. The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) signaling pathway plays a key role in the fibrotic process in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity10 ( @entity10 ) isolated from one of the Chinese herbs, Astragalus mongholicus, are known to have a variety of immunomodulatory activities. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of @entity10 on @entity2 signaling and its potential mechanism using a @entity0 model of @entity6 -induced @entity7 . @entity7 was induced in C3H/He @entity0 by subcutaneous @entity6 injections daily for 21 days. Skin samples were obtained 7, 14, and 21 days and @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 mRNA expression was observed by real time PCR. The @entity3 content which consistent with the collagen content in skin samples from the BLM-injected group was significantly higher than the PBS group, and corresponded with dermal thickening at the injection site. In contrast, @entity0 treated with @entity10 after initiating BLM injection showed obviously lesser collagen content. Increased @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 mRNA expression were also observed in the BLM group. @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 expression was significantly lesser for the @entity10 group than for the BLM group. In contrast, @entity2 mRNA expression was remarkably inhibited by @entity10 . These results suggest that @entity10 treatment may inhibit @entity2 production, and thus could be a potential drug for managing @entity1 such as @entity4 .

title: Astragalus polysaccharide suppresses excessive collagen accumulation in a @entity0 model of @entity6 -induced XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity4 is an @entity5 characterized by fibrotic changes in skin and other organs involving excessive collagen deposition. The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) signaling pathway plays a key role in the fibrotic process in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity10 ( @entity10 ) isolated from one of the Chinese herbs, Astragalus mongholicus, are known to have a variety of immunomodulatory activities. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of @entity10 on @entity2 signaling and its potential mechanism using a @entity0 model of @entity6 -induced @entity7 . @entity7 was induced in C3H/He @entity0 by subcutaneous @entity6 injections daily for 21 days. Skin samples were obtained 7, 14, and 21 days and @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 mRNA expression was observed by real time PCR. The @entity3 content which consistent with the collagen content in skin samples from the BLM-injected group was significantly higher than the PBS group, and corresponded with dermal thickening at the injection site. In contrast, @entity0 treated with @entity10 after initiating BLM injection showed obviously lesser collagen content. Increased @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 mRNA expression were also observed in the BLM group. @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 expression was significantly lesser for the @entity10 group than for the BLM group. In contrast, @entity2 mRNA expression was remarkably inhibited by @entity10 . These results suggest that @entity10 treatment may inhibit @entity2 production, and thus could be a potential drug for managing @entity1 such as @entity4 .

title: Astragalus polysaccharide suppresses excessive collagen accumulation in a @entity0 model of XXXX -induced @entity7 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity4 is an @entity5 characterized by fibrotic changes in skin and other organs involving excessive collagen deposition. The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) signaling pathway plays a key role in the fibrotic process in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity10 ( @entity10 ) isolated from one of the Chinese herbs, Astragalus mongholicus, are known to have a variety of immunomodulatory activities. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of @entity10 on @entity2 signaling and its potential mechanism using a @entity0 model of @entity6 -induced @entity7 . @entity7 was induced in C3H/He @entity0 by subcutaneous @entity6 injections daily for 21 days. Skin samples were obtained 7, 14, and 21 days and @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 mRNA expression was observed by real time PCR. The @entity3 content which consistent with the collagen content in skin samples from the BLM-injected group was significantly higher than the PBS group, and corresponded with dermal thickening at the injection site. In contrast, @entity0 treated with @entity10 after initiating BLM injection showed obviously lesser collagen content. Increased @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 mRNA expression were also observed in the BLM group. @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 expression was significantly lesser for the @entity10 group than for the BLM group. In contrast, @entity2 mRNA expression was remarkably inhibited by @entity10 . These results suggest that @entity10 treatment may inhibit @entity2 production, and thus could be a potential drug for managing @entity1 such as @entity4 .

title: Astragalus polysaccharide suppresses excessive collagen accumulation in a XXXX model of @entity6 -induced @entity7 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The effects of iv @entity3 (SCh) on the electroencephalogram (EEG), cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate (CMRO2), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), central venous pressure (CVP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were tested in @entity2 -anesthetized @entity0 . Six @entity0 were maintained at 0.87 +/- 0.00% (mean +/- SE) expired @entity2 (1.0 MAC) and received both SCh 1.0 mg X kg-1 and lactated Ringer's solution placebo 0.05 ml X kg-1. @entity4 began 24 +/- 4 s after iv SCh. @entity4 were followed by immediate EEG arousal in five of six @entity0 and increases in CBF in all six. Average CBF was 151 +/- 14% of control for the 0-15 min measurement period and 127 +/- 7% of control for the 15-30 min period. Both were significantly greater than pre-SCh control values and placebo group values. Peak CBF of 177 +/- 19% of control occurred 3 min after iv SCh and was accompanied by a peak @entity1 of 435 +/- 131% of control. @entity1 values were significantly different between SCh and placebo treatments only during the periods of greatest CBF (1 to 5 min after iv SCh). Average PaCO2 values after iv SCh were significantly greater than pre-SCh control values and placebo values during each 15-min measurement interval. Average PaCO2 was 116 +/- 2% of control during the 0-15 min measurement period, 114 +/- 2% of control during the 15-30 min period, and 109 +/- 1% of control during the 30-45 min period. CVP, MAP, and CMRO2 did not significantly change after iv SCh.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cerebral stimulation following XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effects of iv @entity3 (SCh) on the electroencephalogram (EEG), cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate (CMRO2), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), central venous pressure (CVP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were tested in @entity2 -anesthetized @entity0 . Six @entity0 were maintained at 0.87 +/- 0.00% (mean +/- SE) expired @entity2 (1.0 MAC) and received both SCh 1.0 mg X kg-1 and lactated Ringer's solution placebo 0.05 ml X kg-1. @entity4 began 24 +/- 4 s after iv SCh. @entity4 were followed by immediate EEG arousal in five of six @entity0 and increases in CBF in all six. Average CBF was 151 +/- 14% of control for the 0-15 min measurement period and 127 +/- 7% of control for the 15-30 min period. Both were significantly greater than pre-SCh control values and placebo group values. Peak CBF of 177 +/- 19% of control occurred 3 min after iv SCh and was accompanied by a peak @entity1 of 435 +/- 131% of control. @entity1 values were significantly different between SCh and placebo treatments only during the periods of greatest CBF (1 to 5 min after iv SCh). Average PaCO2 values after iv SCh were significantly greater than pre-SCh control values and placebo values during each 15-min measurement interval. Average PaCO2 was 116 +/- 2% of control during the 0-15 min measurement period, 114 +/- 2% of control during the 15-30 min period, and 109 +/- 1% of control during the 30-45 min period. CVP, MAP, and CMRO2 did not significantly change after iv SCh.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cerebral stimulation following @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is frequently downregulated in a variety of @entity1 and acts as a potential @entity1 suppressor. It also played a @entity1 suppressor role in @entity0 @entity2 through the direct or indirect repression of several key oncogenic molecules. METHODS: qRT-PCR assay was performed to examine the expression of @entity4 . Associations between @entity4 expression and various clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed using the   (2) test. Survival rate was determined with Kaplan-Meier and statistically analyzed with the log-rank method between groups. Survival data were evaluated through multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Significant differences for @entity4 expression were shown between @entity3 and primary @entity2 (P<0.01), between primary @entity2 and metastatic cutaneous @entity2 (P<0.01), and between primary cutaneous @entity2 and metastatic cutaneous @entity2 (P<0.001). The @entity0 with low @entity4 expression showed shorter 5-year overall survival than those with high @entity4 expression (P=0.039; log-rank test). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the status of @entity4 expression was an independent prognostic factor overall survival (HR=3.782, 95% CI: 2.479-16.334, P=0.005). CONCLUSION: The status of @entity4 might be an independent prognostic factor for @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Down-regulation of tissue microRNA-126 was associated with poor prognosis in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is frequently downregulated in a variety of @entity1 and acts as a potential @entity1 suppressor. It also played a @entity1 suppressor role in @entity0 @entity2 through the direct or indirect repression of several key oncogenic molecules. METHODS: qRT-PCR assay was performed to examine the expression of @entity4 . Associations between @entity4 expression and various clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed using the   (2) test. Survival rate was determined with Kaplan-Meier and statistically analyzed with the log-rank method between groups. Survival data were evaluated through multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Significant differences for @entity4 expression were shown between @entity3 and primary @entity2 (P<0.01), between primary @entity2 and metastatic cutaneous @entity2 (P<0.01), and between primary cutaneous @entity2 and metastatic cutaneous @entity2 (P<0.001). The @entity0 with low @entity4 expression showed shorter 5-year overall survival than those with high @entity4 expression (P=0.039; log-rank test). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the status of @entity4 expression was an independent prognostic factor overall survival (HR=3.782, 95% CI: 2.479-16.334, P=0.005). CONCLUSION: The status of @entity4 might be an independent prognostic factor for @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Down-regulation of tissue microRNA-126 was associated with poor prognosis in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: This study was designed to compare the effects and mechanisms of transcutaneous electroacupuncture (TEA) on @entity5 ( @entity5 )-induced @entity3 with EA. METHODS: six female @entity0 chronically implanted with a @entity1 , a proximal @entity2 and intestinal serosal electrodes were studied. EA and TEA were performed via needles and cutaneous electrodes placed at bilateral ST-36 (Zusanli) acupoints respectively; their effects on postprandial @entity3 (slow waves, contractions and transit) induced by @entity5 , and autonomic functions were compared. RESULTS: @entity5 at a volume of 140 ml suppressed intestinal contractions; the motility index was reduced with @entity5 (P = 0.001). Both EA and TEA ameliorated the suppressed contractions (P = 0.003 and 0.001) and their effects were comparable. @entity5 reduced the percentage of normal intestinal slow waves (P = 0.002) that was increased with both EA and TEA (P = 0.005 and 0.035). No significant difference was noted between EA and TEA. EA and TEA reduced small bowel transit time (P = 0.001 and 0.007); these prokinetic effects were blocked by @entity4 . Both EA and TEA increased vagal activity assessed by the spectral analysis of heart rate variability (both P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: @entity5 inhibits postprandial intestinal motility. Both EA and TEA at ST-36 are able to improve the @entity5 -induced impairment in intestinal contractions, transit and slow waves mediated via the vagal mechanism. Needleless TEA is as effective as EA in ameliorating the @entity3 .

title: Needleless transcutaneous electroacupuncture improves rectal distension-induced impairment in intestinal motility and slow waves via vagal mechanisms in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 endothelial cells release two forms of a plasminogen activator-specific inhibitor: an active form that readily binds to and inhibits plasminogen activators and an inactive or latent form that has no anti-activator activity but which can be activated by denaturation. Latent and active forms of plasminogen activator-specific inhibitor were measured in cultures of @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells. Latent inhibitor was activated by treatment with 1% @entity3 ( @entity1 ), and both forms were assayed by the 125I-fibrin plate method. After 16 hours, the conditioned medium contained 104.6 U/mL latent inhibitor activity and 2.6 U/mL active inhibitor. The level of each form in the culture medium increased with time although the activity associated with the latent form rose more rapidly: the ratio of latent to active inhibitor activity was 12 at four hours (10.3 U/mL v 0.86 U/mL) and reached 56 at 24 hours (155.3 U/mL v 2.80 U/mL). Intracellular inhibitor activity was associated with the active form only; no additional inhibitor activity was observed following @entity1 treatment of cell extracts. A decline in active inhibitor activity occurred during incubation at 37 degrees C with a 50% reduction in activity occurring in two hours. Treatment of conditioned medium with 10 U/mL @entity2 also resulted in a loss of active inhibitor activity. The latent inhibitor, however, was not affected by either of these conditions. The inhibitor activity lost during incubation at 37 degrees C or @entity2 treatment could be regenerated by @entity1 treatment, suggesting that the loss of the active inhibitor activity represented a conversion of this form to its latent counterpart. Thus, the concentration, stability, and regulation of these two forms of plasminogen activator inhibitor in @entity0 endothelial cell cultures differ significantly.

title: Quantitation and properties of the active and latent plasminogen activator inhibitors in cultures of XXXX endothelial cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Alterations in the microcirculation and parenchymal cell loss are common phenomena after irradiation of different organs. Whether parenchymal cell loss is a process well dissociated from vasculoconnective damage, or a consequence of this, is much debated. However, comprehensive radiopathological studies have shown that vasculoconnective tissue is an important common target for late effects in various organs. Scoring of skin @entity1 was used by us as a clinical assay of late tissue effects after different dose schedules. All studies were done prospectively with standardized skin area, field size and radiation quality. The @entity0 were scored regularly up to 10 years. The number of @entity0 at risk for a prescribed score versus time was calculated with the life-table method. The late effects after 5 X 2.0 Gy/wk, in the dose range 40 to 70 Gy and after 2 X 4.0 Gy/wk, in the dose range 40 to 56 Gy have been established. The skin dose is 90% of the referred dose. Dose-response curves, relating the proportion of @entity0 with a certain score at a fixed time and radiation dose and dose-latency curves, relating the latent period for a fixed proportion of @entity0 with a certain score and radiation dose, were constructed. The analysis shows that: ED10/5 yr and ED50/5 yr for 5 X 2.0 Gy/wk is 50 Gy and 65 Gy, respectively, for distinct @entity1 ; The latent period, concerning both a certain frequency and degree of reaction, varies exponentially with dose level; The latent period for 50% of the @entity0 , to obtain a certain score, LP50, is correlated to that for 10%, LP10, with LP50/LP10 = 2.2 +/- 0.2 (S.D.). This correlation is independent of score, total dose, and fractionation; Isoeffective doses for 5 X 2.0 Gy/wk and 2 X 4.0 Gy/wk, determined from the dose-response curves, resulted in the repair exp N between 0.31 and 0.32 and alpha/beta ratio between 2.9 and 3.1 Gy and determined from the dose-latency curves in exp N between 0.30 and 0.32 and alpha/beta ratio between 3.4 and 2.9 Gy. In conclusion, frequent and careful follow-up with registration of normal tissue reactions, until at least 10% of the @entity0 have obtained the prescribed effect, is predictive for the further progression of the late effects. The fractionation characteristics for @entity1 agree well with those for animal experimental morphological and functional endpoints for late effects in different organs and support the relevance of @entity1 as a model for predicting late effects.

title: The predictive value of skin XXXX for late radiation effects in different normal tissues.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study of @entity2 infection in communities associated with irrigated schemes shows that prevalence rates are unusually high in adults, especially in @entity0 ; and distribution disease is probably associated with at least the following three factors: (i) distance of the place of residence from the main transmission sites (ii) the dynamics of transmission in the waterbody and (iii) the @entity0 /water contact and contamination patterns. During this chemotherapy trial, at the first survey, only a little more than half (57.47%) of the @entity0 recorded in the census was present. Five visits of the survey team were necessary to obtain a compliance rate of 80.51% of the entire population. The indifference of the local @entity0 to seek diagnosis and treatment increased with succeeding surveys. It is only, during a subsequent treatment survey, carried out during the season of low agricultural activity and following an official written convocation, that a compliance rate similar to that of the first survey was recorded. If treatment is not given immediately after diagnosis as many as a fifth of positive cases do not appear for treatment. Oltipraz and @entity1 were administered. Their effectiveness could not be truly compared as there was a time lag of six months separating the administration of the treatments. However, based on the results of this trial both drugs gave good results especially in egg output intensity. But, a decrease of this parameter was also observed in non treated @entity0 . Seasonal variations of egg output or decrease of transmission could be involved.

title: [Chemotherapy trial in the battle against XXXX in an irrigated sahelian zone in Niger].

answer: @entity2


abstract: 20 @entity0 (age range 0.8-14.7 years) with acute severe @entity3 were alternately randomized to receive one of two different treatment regimes. 10 @entity0 (control-group) received @entity7 inhalation (75 micrograms/kg in 2 ml Saline every two hours). 10 @entity0 ( @entity8 -group) received @entity8 infusion (0.2-2.0 micrograms/kg/min in Saline) and inhaled Saline only. Other therapy regimen were identical in both groups: Theophylline infusion, i.v. @entity5 , adequate fluids intake and @entity1 insufflation. Age, severity and maintenance therapy of @entity3 , and severity of the acute episode, were not significantly different in both groups. Treatment efficacy, assessed with a simple clinical score, the heart and respiratory rates, the peak expiratory flow (PEF) and the blood gases, was comparable in both groups. Side effects, i.e. @entity4 , blood pressure changes and @entity2 , were also similar and clinically not relevant in both groups. In two @entity0 , who previously needed repeated mechanical ventilation, severe @entity6 could be successfully controlled only when the @entity8 dose was raised 10 folds (2.0 micrograms/kg/min). @entity8 infusion can be recommended in @entity0 with acute severe @entity3 , who do not respond satisfactorily to current therapy regimen, particularly in @entity0 who previously experienced numerous intubations.

title: [Intravenous infusion of XXXX (a beta-2-mimetic agent) in the therapy of severe @entity3 attacks in childhood].

answer: @entity8


abstract: 20 @entity0 (age range 0.8-14.7 years) with acute severe @entity3 were alternately randomized to receive one of two different treatment regimes. 10 @entity0 (control-group) received @entity7 inhalation (75 micrograms/kg in 2 ml Saline every two hours). 10 @entity0 ( @entity8 -group) received @entity8 infusion (0.2-2.0 micrograms/kg/min in Saline) and inhaled Saline only. Other therapy regimen were identical in both groups: Theophylline infusion, i.v. @entity5 , adequate fluids intake and @entity1 insufflation. Age, severity and maintenance therapy of @entity3 , and severity of the acute episode, were not significantly different in both groups. Treatment efficacy, assessed with a simple clinical score, the heart and respiratory rates, the peak expiratory flow (PEF) and the blood gases, was comparable in both groups. Side effects, i.e. @entity4 , blood pressure changes and @entity2 , were also similar and clinically not relevant in both groups. In two @entity0 , who previously needed repeated mechanical ventilation, severe @entity6 could be successfully controlled only when the @entity8 dose was raised 10 folds (2.0 micrograms/kg/min). @entity8 infusion can be recommended in @entity0 with acute severe @entity3 , who do not respond satisfactorily to current therapy regimen, particularly in @entity0 who previously experienced numerous intubations.

title: [Intravenous infusion of @entity8 (a beta-2-mimetic agent) in the therapy of severe XXXX attacks in childhood].

answer: @entity3


abstract: A two episodes case of CSF @entity3 due to B. circulans and @entity8 is presented. B. circulans was first isolated from 4 blood cultures and CSF (shunt valve tap). The @entity0 showed a @entity2 syndrome reversible with antibiotic treatment. Lethal toxin production was demonstrated for the B. circulans strain in a @entity1 model. This strain was found to be a variant of Gordon's description as it produced urease and was tolerant to 7% @entity6 . The @entity0 recovered after @entity7 , @entity4 and @entity5 treatment. A second @entity3 due to @entity8 was detected two months later. The shunt system was removed due to obstruction and a scanning electron microscopy study was performed. Confluent masses of white blood cells and rods were observed on the inner surface of the catheter. As for as we know, this is the first case of @entity0 @entity3 due to @entity8 .

title: [Infection of a cerebrospinal fluid shunt system by Bacillus circulans and XXXX ].

answer: @entity8


abstract: One hundred fifty @entity0 with @entity2 were treated in three groups with antithymocyte globulin (ATG; Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI) in a multicenter trial. @entity0 were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months after initiation of treatment by three criteria: transfusion independence, clinical improvement, and blood counts. Group I consisted of 77 @entity0 with acute severe @entity3 , randomized to receive either ten or 28 days of ATG. There was no significant difference between the two arms of this protocol: 47% of all @entity0 were clinically improved and 31% were transfusion independent at 3 months. Of the severely affected @entity0 , 27% died before 3 months; most @entity1 occurred early in treatment. Factors associated with survival in severely affected @entity0 included male sex, age less than 40 years, absolute neutrophil count greater than 200/microL, and idiopathic etiology. Neutrophil counts generally increased by 8 weeks after treatment, but @entity0 continued to show improvement to 1 year posttreatment. In Group II, 44 @entity0 with moderate or chronic severe @entity3 were randomized to receive either ten days of ATG or 3 months of high-dose @entity6 . No @entity0 initially treated with @entity5 recovered, but 28% of ATG-treated cases achieved transfusion independence at 3 months. Group III consisted of @entity0 with a variety of @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity4 and cellular bone marrow showed response rates similar to those of @entity0 with chronic or moderate @entity3 .

title: A multicenter trial of antithymocyte globulin in XXXX and related diseases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Disturbed microvascular integrity is an initial event in the development of @entity4 following @entity1 and shock. Increased permeability in the pulmonary microvessels has been demonstrated in both experimental animals and in @entity0 . High dose @entity2 have been used to prevent the development of the permeability lesion and to reduce it once it has occurred. Data from experimental animals are indicative of a positive effect of HDC and in @entity0 with adult respiratory distress syndrome leakage of macromolecules over the capillary alveolar membrane was reduced significantly. Using the lung lymph fistula preparation in @entity3 we have demonstrated that the pulmonary microvascular sieving capacity was reduced (as indicated by a reduced osmotic reflection coefficient) following the operative @entity1 and manipulation of lungs necessary for cannulation of the lymphatics. We studied the effects of HDC ( @entity5 30 mg/kg) given preoperatively in 7 operated @entity3 and compared to 3 nonoperated controls. Permeability surface area product (PS) and osmotic reflection coefficient (sigma) for total protein were calculated by iterative curve fitting using the non-linear flux equation and data were compared to sigma achieved at maximal lymph flow following increased left atrial pressure. After surgery there were no differences between the two groups in baseline observations. In the experimental group lymph to plasma ratio for total protein (L/P) at maximal lymph flow was 0.46 +/- 0.09 corresponding to a sigma of 0.54. Maximal lymph flow was attained at microvascular pressure ( @entity6 ) 38 +/- 2 mmHg. Calculated sigma was 0.61 +/- 0.03 and PS 0.09 +/- 0.01. Corresponding values in the control group were 0.69 +/- 0.003 and 0.1 +/- 0.0003 respectively. L/P at maximal lymph flow was 0.39 +/- 0.04 at @entity6 = 35 +/- 6 mmHg in the control group. In this experiment HDC did not prevent the increase in pulmonary microvascular permeability as demonstrated after operative @entity1 by a decrease in the osmotic reflection coefficient for total protein. Data from @entity0 indicate however, that HDC may have a beneficial effect on the integrity of the alveolar capillary membrane. Further studies are needed to elucidate these problems.

title: The role of high dose XXXX (HDC) in pulmonary capillary-alveolar membrane integrity.

answer: @entity2