abstract: OBJECTIVE: To reassess the natural history of @entity8 vera and to obtain reliable estimates of both incidence of @entity5 and survival for use in defining the sample size for therapeutic clinical trials. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of @entity0 with @entity8 who had been followed for 20 years. SETTING: 11 Italian hematology institutions. @entity0 : 1213 @entity0 with @entity8 vera, which was diagnosed according to criteria established by the Polycythemia Vera Study Group and commonly used in clinical practice. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All-cause mortality, venous and arterial @entity5 , and hematologic and nonhematologic @entity1 . @entity4 and @entity2 were classified as major @entity5 events, and venous and peripheral arterial @entity5 were considered minor @entity5 events. The number of @entity0 who died and the number of those who had major @entity5 events (combined end point) were used as a comprehensive measure of the benefit-risk ratio associated with the use of myelosuppressive agents. RESULTS: 634 fatal and nonfatal arterial and @entity6 were recorded in 485 @entity0 (41%); 36% of these episodes occurred during follow-up in 230 @entity0 (19%), and 64% occurred either at presentation or before diagnosis. @entity5 events occurred more frequently in the 2 years preceding diagnosis, suggesting a causal relation between the latent @entity9 and the vascular event. The incidence of @entity5 during follow-up was 3.4%/y; older @entity0 or those with a history of @entity5 had a higher risk for @entity5 . Overall mortality was 2.9/100 @entity0 per year; @entity5 events and @entity7 had similar effects on mortality. @entity0 receiving chemotherapy died three to four times more frequently than those not receiving chemotherapy. The increased risk for @entity1 in @entity0 receiving myelosuppressive agents was seen approximately 6 years after diagnosis. In addition, the combined end point, computed as the sum of the hardest available events ( @entity3 , nonfatal @entity4 , or @entity2 ), suggests that myelosuppressive agents have an overall unfavorable effect. CONCLUSIONS: Cytoreduction favorably affects the incidence of @entity5 events, but aggressive treatment seems to be associated with increased risk for @entity1 . These results provide a basis for reevaluating the therapeutic strategy in @entity0 with @entity8 vera and for estimating the size of clinical trials aimed at testing new therapeutic approaches.

title: Polycythemia vera: the natural history of 1213 XXXX followed for 20 years. Gruppo Italiano Studio Policitemia.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare self-reports of five basic emotions across four samples: healthy, @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to investigate the extent to which basic emotion reports discriminate between individuals in healthy or clinical groups. METHODS: In total, 439 @entity0 took part in this study: healthy (n = 131), @entity3 (n = 220), @entity1 (n = 24) and @entity2 (n = 64). The @entity0 completed the trait version of the Basic Emotion Scale. Basic emotion profiles were compared both within each group and between the healthy group and each of the three other groups. Discriminant analysis was used to assess the extent to which basic emotions can be used to classify the @entity0 as belonging to the healthy group or one of the clinical groups. RESULTS: In the healthy group, happiness was experienced more than any other basic emotion. This was not found in the clinical groups. In comparison to the healthy @entity0 , the @entity3 group experienced more fear, anger and sadness, the @entity1 group reported more sadness and the @entity2 group experienced all of the negative emotions more frequently. Discriminant analysis revealed that happiness was the most important variable in determining whether an individual belonged to the healthy group or one of the clinical groups. Anger was found to further discriminate between @entity1 and @entity3 individuals. CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate that basic emotion profile analysis can provide a useful foundation for the exploration of emotional experience both within and between healthy and clinical groups.

title: Basic emotion profiles in healthy, @entity3 , XXXX and @entity2 individuals.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare self-reports of five basic emotions across four samples: healthy, @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to investigate the extent to which basic emotion reports discriminate between individuals in healthy or clinical groups. METHODS: In total, 439 @entity0 took part in this study: healthy (n = 131), @entity3 (n = 220), @entity1 (n = 24) and @entity2 (n = 64). The @entity0 completed the trait version of the Basic Emotion Scale. Basic emotion profiles were compared both within each group and between the healthy group and each of the three other groups. Discriminant analysis was used to assess the extent to which basic emotions can be used to classify the @entity0 as belonging to the healthy group or one of the clinical groups. RESULTS: In the healthy group, happiness was experienced more than any other basic emotion. This was not found in the clinical groups. In comparison to the healthy @entity0 , the @entity3 group experienced more fear, anger and sadness, the @entity1 group reported more sadness and the @entity2 group experienced all of the negative emotions more frequently. Discriminant analysis revealed that happiness was the most important variable in determining whether an individual belonged to the healthy group or one of the clinical groups. Anger was found to further discriminate between @entity1 and @entity3 individuals. CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate that basic emotion profile analysis can provide a useful foundation for the exploration of emotional experience both within and between healthy and clinical groups.

title: Basic emotion profiles in healthy, XXXX , @entity1 and @entity2 individuals.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare self-reports of five basic emotions across four samples: healthy, @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to investigate the extent to which basic emotion reports discriminate between individuals in healthy or clinical groups. METHODS: In total, 439 @entity0 took part in this study: healthy (n = 131), @entity3 (n = 220), @entity1 (n = 24) and @entity2 (n = 64). The @entity0 completed the trait version of the Basic Emotion Scale. Basic emotion profiles were compared both within each group and between the healthy group and each of the three other groups. Discriminant analysis was used to assess the extent to which basic emotions can be used to classify the @entity0 as belonging to the healthy group or one of the clinical groups. RESULTS: In the healthy group, happiness was experienced more than any other basic emotion. This was not found in the clinical groups. In comparison to the healthy @entity0 , the @entity3 group experienced more fear, anger and sadness, the @entity1 group reported more sadness and the @entity2 group experienced all of the negative emotions more frequently. Discriminant analysis revealed that happiness was the most important variable in determining whether an individual belonged to the healthy group or one of the clinical groups. Anger was found to further discriminate between @entity1 and @entity3 individuals. CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate that basic emotion profile analysis can provide a useful foundation for the exploration of emotional experience both within and between healthy and clinical groups.

title: Basic emotion profiles in healthy, @entity3 , @entity1 and XXXX individuals.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The increasing frequency and intensity of taste and odour (T_O) producing cyanobacteria in water sources is a growing global issue. Geosmin and @entity2 ( @entity1 ) are the main cyanobacterial T_O compounds and can cause complaints from consumers at levels as low as 10  ng/L. However, literature concerning the performance of full-scale treatment processes for geosmin and @entity1 removal is rare. Hence, the objectives of this study were to: 1) estimate the accumulation and breakthrough of geosmin and @entity1 inside full-scale water treatment plants; 2) verify the potential impact of sludge recycling practice on performance of plants; and, 3) assess the effectiveness of aged GAC for the removal of these compounds. Sampling after full-scale treatment processes and GAC pilot assays were conducted to achieve these goals. Geosmin and @entity1 monitoring in full-scale plants provided the opportunity to rank the performance of studied treatment processes with filtration and granular activated @entity0 providing the best barriers for removal of total and extracellular compounds, correspondingly. Geosmin was removed to a greater extent than @entity1 using GAC. Geosmin and @entity1 residuals in water post GAC contactors after two years of operation was 20% and 40% of initial concentrations, correspondingly. Biological activity on the GAC surface enhanced the removal of T_O compounds. These observations demonstrated that a multi-barrier treatment approach is required to ensure cyanobacteria and their T_O compounds are effectively removed from drinking water.

title: Fate of geosmin and XXXX in full-scale water treatment plants.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 ' records were analyzed to evaluate the effect of lymph node dissection on the survival of @entity0 with @entity2 . @entity0 who underwent incomplete resection of the @entity1 were excluded from this study. A conventional lower mediastinal and abdominal lymph node dissection (conventional 2-field dissection) had been performed in 410 @entity0 . A complete dissection of the upper mediastinal nodes was performed in addition in 121 @entity0 (extended 2-field dissection). Sixty-four @entity0 underwent a further dissection of the cervical periesophageal lymph nodes through the thoracic cavity (super-extended 2-field dissection). A cervical, mediastinal, and abdominal lymph node dissection was carried out in another 100 @entity0 (3-field dissection). Background factors in the latter three groups were similar. Mean numbers of dissected lymph nodes in extended 2-field, super extended 2-field, and 3-field dissections were 32, 57, and 77, respectively. Operative mortality rates were 11%, 9%, and 3%, respectively. The five-year survival rates for @entity0 who underwent extended 2-field or 3-field dissection were 43% and 61%; the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.000113). The four-year survival rate for super-extended 2-field dissection was 53%. Among those @entity0 who underwent 3-field dissection, 58 (58%) had histologically positive lymph nodes. Their five-year survival rate was 47%. The @entity0 ' survival has been improved by increasing the field of lymph node dissection without deterioration of operative mortality.

title: Lymph node dissection for XXXX . Two- and 3-field lymph node dissection.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Incomplete @entity3 occurs in about a third of @entity0 with @entity4 . Although their faces are symmetrical at rest, when they @entity1 they have varying degrees of disfigurement. Currently, cross-face nerve grafting is one of the most useful techniques for reanimation. Transfer of the masseteric nerve, although widely used for complete @entity2 , has not to our knowledge been reported for incomplete palsy. Between December 2008 and November 2013, we reanimated the faces of 9 @entity0 (2 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 ) with incomplete unilateral @entity3 with transposition of the masseteric nerve. Sex, age at operation, cause of @entity2 , duration of denervation, recipient nerves used, and duration of follow-up were recorded. Commissural excursion, velocity, and @entity0 ' satisfaction were evaluated with the FACIAL CLIMA and a questionnaire, respectively. The mean (SD) age at operation was 39 (  6) years and the duration of denervation was 29 (  19) months. There were no complications that required further intervention. Duration of follow-up ranged from 6-26 months. FACIAL CLIMA showed improvement in both commissural excursion and velocity of more than two thirds in 6 @entity0 , more than one half in 2 @entity0 and less than one half in one. Qualitative evaluation showed a slight or pronounced improvement in 7/9 @entity0 . The masseteric nerve is a reliable alternative for reanimation of the @entity1 in @entity0 with incomplete @entity3 . Its main advantages include its consistent anatomy, a one-stage operation, and low morbidity at the donor site.

title: Masseteric-facial nerve transposition for reanimation of the @entity1 in incomplete XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Incomplete @entity3 occurs in about a third of @entity0 with @entity4 . Although their faces are symmetrical at rest, when they @entity1 they have varying degrees of disfigurement. Currently, cross-face nerve grafting is one of the most useful techniques for reanimation. Transfer of the masseteric nerve, although widely used for complete @entity2 , has not to our knowledge been reported for incomplete palsy. Between December 2008 and November 2013, we reanimated the faces of 9 @entity0 (2 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 ) with incomplete unilateral @entity3 with transposition of the masseteric nerve. Sex, age at operation, cause of @entity2 , duration of denervation, recipient nerves used, and duration of follow-up were recorded. Commissural excursion, velocity, and @entity0 ' satisfaction were evaluated with the FACIAL CLIMA and a questionnaire, respectively. The mean (SD) age at operation was 39 (  6) years and the duration of denervation was 29 (  19) months. There were no complications that required further intervention. Duration of follow-up ranged from 6-26 months. FACIAL CLIMA showed improvement in both commissural excursion and velocity of more than two thirds in 6 @entity0 , more than one half in 2 @entity0 and less than one half in one. Qualitative evaluation showed a slight or pronounced improvement in 7/9 @entity0 . The masseteric nerve is a reliable alternative for reanimation of the @entity1 in @entity0 with incomplete @entity3 . Its main advantages include its consistent anatomy, a one-stage operation, and low morbidity at the donor site.

title: Masseteric-facial nerve transposition for reanimation of the XXXX in incomplete @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The diagnosis of @entity1 's Milk Protein @entity6 was considered in 303 @entity0 aged less than 1 year, who presented with one or more of the following symptoms: acute reaction related to @entity1 's milk proteins (CMP) ingestion, severe colics, persisting @entity3 , protracted @entity2 with or without blood and mucus, failure to thrive, @entity5 , respiratory symptoms, such as chronic @entity8 and wheezing. A diagnosis of CMPA was confirmed in 148 cases (60%): 125 relapsed on milk challenge, 23 were not challenged because of acute reactions at onset, presence of specific IgE (RAST and prick), and improvement on milk free diet. @entity4 , familial history of CMPA and previous @entity7 were significantly more frequent in cases than in 191 age matched controls. Breast feeding was not more common or of longer duration in controls, compared to cases. Mean IgE serum levels were higher (46.3 U/ml) in cases than in controls (17 U/ml), while specific @entity1 's Milk Protein IgE were found in 71/148 cases (48%). 15 @entity0 entered the study while on breast milk, because of the confirmed relation between their symptoms and CMP on the maternal diet. These @entity0 had a higher prevalence of IgE mediated problems. All cases improved on a milk free diet but in 26 (17.8%) a further modification of the diet was required after the first prescription. Milk challenge was monitored by simple laboratory tests: all cases who had symptoms on challenge showed at least one test modification. Six @entity0 , with no history of acute reaction, showed severe self-limited clinical symptoms at challenge. Key words: @entity1 's @entity9 , milk, @entity6 , prick test, @entity5 , @entity2 .

title: XXXX 's @entity9 in the first year of life. An Italian Collaborative Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The diagnosis of @entity1 's Milk Protein @entity6 was considered in 303 @entity0 aged less than 1 year, who presented with one or more of the following symptoms: acute reaction related to @entity1 's milk proteins (CMP) ingestion, severe colics, persisting @entity3 , protracted @entity2 with or without blood and mucus, failure to thrive, @entity5 , respiratory symptoms, such as chronic @entity8 and wheezing. A diagnosis of CMPA was confirmed in 148 cases (60%): 125 relapsed on milk challenge, 23 were not challenged because of acute reactions at onset, presence of specific IgE (RAST and prick), and improvement on milk free diet. @entity4 , familial history of CMPA and previous @entity7 were significantly more frequent in cases than in 191 age matched controls. Breast feeding was not more common or of longer duration in controls, compared to cases. Mean IgE serum levels were higher (46.3 U/ml) in cases than in controls (17 U/ml), while specific @entity1 's Milk Protein IgE were found in 71/148 cases (48%). 15 @entity0 entered the study while on breast milk, because of the confirmed relation between their symptoms and CMP on the maternal diet. These @entity0 had a higher prevalence of IgE mediated problems. All cases improved on a milk free diet but in 26 (17.8%) a further modification of the diet was required after the first prescription. Milk challenge was monitored by simple laboratory tests: all cases who had symptoms on challenge showed at least one test modification. Six @entity0 , with no history of acute reaction, showed severe self-limited clinical symptoms at challenge. Key words: @entity1 's @entity9 , milk, @entity6 , prick test, @entity5 , @entity2 .

title: @entity1 's XXXX in the first year of life. An Italian Collaborative Study.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Two genes, pecA and pecB, encoding endopolyglacturonases were cloned from a highly aggressive strain of @entity3 . The pecA gene consisted of 1,228 bp encoding a protein of 363 @entity1 with a predicted molecular mass of 37.6 kDa, interrupted by two introns of 58 and 81 bp in length. Accumulation of pecA mRNA in both pectin- or @entity0 -grown mycelia in the highly aggressive strain matched the activity profile of a pectinase previously identified as P2c. Transformants of a weakly aggressive strain containing a functional copy of the pecA gene produced P2c in vitro, confirming that pecA encodes P2c. The coding region of pecB was determined to be 1,217 bp in length interrupted by two introns of 65 and 54 bp in length. The predicted protein of 366 @entity1 had an estimated molecular mass of 38 kDa. Transcripts of this gene accumulated in mycelia grown in medium containing pectin alone, never in mycelia grown in @entity0 -containing medium, for both highly and weakly aggressive strains. Thus, pecB encodes the activity previously identified as P1 or P3. pecA and pecB share a high degree of sequence identity with polygalacturonase genes from @entity4 parasiticus and @entity4 , further establishing the close relationships between members of the A. flavus group. Conservation of intron positions in these genes also indicates that they share a common ancestor with genes encoding endopolyglacturonases of @entity2 .

title: Isolation and characterization of polygalacturonase genes (pecA and pecB) from XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The enzyme @entity2 reductase from @entity1 consists of two proteins, R1 and R2. The active R2 protein contains two dinuclear @entity0 centers and the catalytically essential @entity4 radical. We have explored the redox properties of the @entity4 radical and estimate an apparent redox potential of +1000 +/- 100 mV (vs SHE) on the basis of the behavior of numerous mediators. The inability of most of these mediators to equilibrate with the @entity4 radical supports the notion that the radical exists in an extremely protected hydrophobic pocket that prevents most radical scavengers from interacting with the radical, resulting in its unusual stability. The formal midpoint potential of the diiron clusters of the R2 protein was determined to be -115 +/- 2 mV at pH 7.6 and 4 degrees C. This reduction is a two-electron transfer process, making the R2 protein the first of the nonheme diiron proteins not to stabilize a mixed valence intermediate at ambient temperature. The formal midpoint potential of the dinuclear @entity0 centers is pH dependent, exhibiting a 30 mV/pH unit variance, which indicates that one proton is accepted from the solvent per two electrons transferred to the dinuclear @entity0 center upon reduction. The midpoint potential of the site-directed mutant @entity5 R2 protein was also investigated under the same conditions, and this midpoint potential was determined to be -178 mV, providing the first direct evidence that the presence of the Y122 residue modulates the redox properties of the diiron clusters. The redox potentials of both the wild type and @entity5 proteins experience cathodic shifts when measured in the presence of @entity3 or the R1 protein. For the latter, the midpoint potentials were determined to be -226 mV for the wild type protein and -281 mV for the @entity5 mutant protein, representing a negative shift of over 100 mV for both proteins. These results indicate that the presence of the Y122 residue does not influence the effect of R1 binding, that the R1 protein preferentially binds the oxidized form of R2, and that the binding of R1 acts as a regulatory control mechanism to prevent unnecessary turnover of the dinuclear @entity0 centers.

title: Electron transfer properties of the R2 protein of @entity2 reductase from XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The enzyme @entity2 reductase from @entity1 consists of two proteins, R1 and R2. The active R2 protein contains two dinuclear @entity0 centers and the catalytically essential @entity4 radical. We have explored the redox properties of the @entity4 radical and estimate an apparent redox potential of +1000 +/- 100 mV (vs SHE) on the basis of the behavior of numerous mediators. The inability of most of these mediators to equilibrate with the @entity4 radical supports the notion that the radical exists in an extremely protected hydrophobic pocket that prevents most radical scavengers from interacting with the radical, resulting in its unusual stability. The formal midpoint potential of the diiron clusters of the R2 protein was determined to be -115 +/- 2 mV at pH 7.6 and 4 degrees C. This reduction is a two-electron transfer process, making the R2 protein the first of the nonheme diiron proteins not to stabilize a mixed valence intermediate at ambient temperature. The formal midpoint potential of the dinuclear @entity0 centers is pH dependent, exhibiting a 30 mV/pH unit variance, which indicates that one proton is accepted from the solvent per two electrons transferred to the dinuclear @entity0 center upon reduction. The midpoint potential of the site-directed mutant @entity5 R2 protein was also investigated under the same conditions, and this midpoint potential was determined to be -178 mV, providing the first direct evidence that the presence of the Y122 residue modulates the redox properties of the diiron clusters. The redox potentials of both the wild type and @entity5 proteins experience cathodic shifts when measured in the presence of @entity3 or the R1 protein. For the latter, the midpoint potentials were determined to be -226 mV for the wild type protein and -281 mV for the @entity5 mutant protein, representing a negative shift of over 100 mV for both proteins. These results indicate that the presence of the Y122 residue does not influence the effect of R1 binding, that the R1 protein preferentially binds the oxidized form of R2, and that the binding of R1 acts as a regulatory control mechanism to prevent unnecessary turnover of the dinuclear @entity0 centers.

title: Electron transfer properties of the R2 protein of XXXX reductase from @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Genetic determination as well as prospective analysis of islet cell autoantibodies and autoantibodies to @entity4 were conducted in a population of 479 first degree relatives of 174 Type 1 ( @entity4 -dependent) @entity1 @entity0 . Analysis of HLA haplotypes within families illustrated the high frequency of @entity5 and @entity6 alleles with preferential transmission from parent to both affected and unaffected offspring. @entity6 was preferentially associated with DQw3.2 (TA10-) in 60/73 (82.2%) @entity0 and 101/127 (79.5%) relatives. Relatives have been followed for a period of 800 subject-years. Twenty-two out of 430 relatives (5.1%) were found islet cell antibodies (ICA-IgG) positive. Seven sera with low titres became negative 6 months later at two different determinations. Fifteen sera ICA-IgG and ICA-protein A positive with high titres remained positive thereafter. Half of the ICA positive relatives were also found @entity4 autoantibodies (IAA) positive. All but 3 ICA negative relatives did not have IAA in their sera. Analysis of IAA specificity with competition experiments indicated that most antibodies recognised epitopes shared between @entity0 and pork insulins while four were specific for @entity0 @entity4 determinants. Analysis of class I and class II HLA antigen distribution indicated no particular allelic restriction in antibody positive individuals. Metabolic status of antibody positive relatives was determined with oral and intravenous charge of @entity3 . Two haplo-identical @entity5 -DQw2 brothers became @entity1 during the study. One @entity0 and one mother both with @entity6 -DQw3.2 became intolerant to @entity3 . Each of these relatives had high titre ICA prior to @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Islet cell and XXXX autoantibodies in subjects at high risk for development of type 1 ( @entity4 -dependent) diabetes mellitus: the Lyon family study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Genetic determination as well as prospective analysis of islet cell autoantibodies and autoantibodies to @entity4 were conducted in a population of 479 first degree relatives of 174 Type 1 ( @entity4 -dependent) @entity1 @entity0 . Analysis of HLA haplotypes within families illustrated the high frequency of @entity5 and @entity6 alleles with preferential transmission from parent to both affected and unaffected offspring. @entity6 was preferentially associated with DQw3.2 (TA10-) in 60/73 (82.2%) @entity0 and 101/127 (79.5%) relatives. Relatives have been followed for a period of 800 subject-years. Twenty-two out of 430 relatives (5.1%) were found islet cell antibodies (ICA-IgG) positive. Seven sera with low titres became negative 6 months later at two different determinations. Fifteen sera ICA-IgG and ICA-protein A positive with high titres remained positive thereafter. Half of the ICA positive relatives were also found @entity4 autoantibodies (IAA) positive. All but 3 ICA negative relatives did not have IAA in their sera. Analysis of IAA specificity with competition experiments indicated that most antibodies recognised epitopes shared between @entity0 and pork insulins while four were specific for @entity0 @entity4 determinants. Analysis of class I and class II HLA antigen distribution indicated no particular allelic restriction in antibody positive individuals. Metabolic status of antibody positive relatives was determined with oral and intravenous charge of @entity3 . Two haplo-identical @entity5 -DQw2 brothers became @entity1 during the study. One @entity0 and one mother both with @entity6 -DQw3.2 became intolerant to @entity3 . Each of these relatives had high titre ICA prior to @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Islet cell and @entity4 autoantibodies in subjects at high risk for development of type 1 ( XXXX -dependent) diabetes mellitus: the Lyon family study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Six Holstein @entity0 were sampled hourly for 24 h for plasma concentrations of hormones and metabolites. @entity0 were sampled at about 2 wk prepartum, at 3 wk postpartum, during a @entity2 induced by feed restriction to 54% of ad libitum intake, and after a recovery period. They were fed long alfalfa hay postpartum. The onset of lactation caused concentrations of growth hormone, glucagon, @entity6 , @entity5 , and total @entity3 of plasma to increase and those of @entity1 and @entity7 to decrease. Feed restriction exacerbated changes at 3 wk postpartum except for total @entity3 and glucagon, which both decreased to prepartal concentrations. Resumption of ad libitum feeding caused most hormones and metabolites to return to prepartum concentrations. Diurnal variations in response to feeding twice daily were most evident for growth hormone, free @entity4 , and total @entity3 . The 3-wk postpartum and ketonemic periods gave the greatest responses to feeding. Molar ratios of @entity7 to glucagon and @entity7 to growth hormone tended to decrease at 3 wk postpartum and decreased further in @entity2 , demonstrating hormonal adaptations to decreased energy intake during lactation. Lactation ketosis results from more than severe energy deficit.

title: Glucagon, @entity7 , growth hormone, and some blood metabolites during energy restriction XXXX of lactating @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Six Holstein @entity0 were sampled hourly for 24 h for plasma concentrations of hormones and metabolites. @entity0 were sampled at about 2 wk prepartum, at 3 wk postpartum, during a @entity2 induced by feed restriction to 54% of ad libitum intake, and after a recovery period. They were fed long alfalfa hay postpartum. The onset of lactation caused concentrations of growth hormone, glucagon, @entity6 , @entity5 , and total @entity3 of plasma to increase and those of @entity1 and @entity7 to decrease. Feed restriction exacerbated changes at 3 wk postpartum except for total @entity3 and glucagon, which both decreased to prepartal concentrations. Resumption of ad libitum feeding caused most hormones and metabolites to return to prepartum concentrations. Diurnal variations in response to feeding twice daily were most evident for growth hormone, free @entity4 , and total @entity3 . The 3-wk postpartum and ketonemic periods gave the greatest responses to feeding. Molar ratios of @entity7 to glucagon and @entity7 to growth hormone tended to decrease at 3 wk postpartum and decreased further in @entity2 , demonstrating hormonal adaptations to decreased energy intake during lactation. Lactation ketosis results from more than severe energy deficit.

title: Glucagon, @entity7 , growth hormone, and some blood metabolites during energy restriction @entity2 of lactating XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Six Holstein @entity0 were sampled hourly for 24 h for plasma concentrations of hormones and metabolites. @entity0 were sampled at about 2 wk prepartum, at 3 wk postpartum, during a @entity2 induced by feed restriction to 54% of ad libitum intake, and after a recovery period. They were fed long alfalfa hay postpartum. The onset of lactation caused concentrations of growth hormone, glucagon, @entity6 , @entity5 , and total @entity3 of plasma to increase and those of @entity1 and @entity7 to decrease. Feed restriction exacerbated changes at 3 wk postpartum except for total @entity3 and glucagon, which both decreased to prepartal concentrations. Resumption of ad libitum feeding caused most hormones and metabolites to return to prepartum concentrations. Diurnal variations in response to feeding twice daily were most evident for growth hormone, free @entity4 , and total @entity3 . The 3-wk postpartum and ketonemic periods gave the greatest responses to feeding. Molar ratios of @entity7 to glucagon and @entity7 to growth hormone tended to decrease at 3 wk postpartum and decreased further in @entity2 , demonstrating hormonal adaptations to decreased energy intake during lactation. Lactation ketosis results from more than severe energy deficit.

title: Glucagon, XXXX , growth hormone, and some blood metabolites during energy restriction @entity2 of lactating @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Serum @entity12 (S-beta 2M) was measured at diagnosis in 44 @entity0 with @entity11 and 47 with @entity6 . Among @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) S-beta 2M was raised (greater than 3 mg/l) in 74% and in 23.5% of those with @entity8 ( @entity8 ). The frequencies for @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) were 59.2% and 40%, respectively. In @entity9 patients high serum values correlated with large @entity1 mass, as estimated by Rai's clinical criteria (P less than 0.001), by total peripheral lymphocytes (r = 0.41, P less than 0.05) and by the percentage of bone marrow infiltration of the lymphocytes (P less than 0.01). A significant relation was also found in @entity9 @entity0 between S-beta 2M level and survival (P less than 0.05). In @entity8 no association was found between S-beta 2M level with peripheral lymphoblast concentration, French-American-British (FAB) subclassification, @entity4 , and survival. In @entity10 @entity0 a significant association was found between S-beta 2M levels and stage of disease (P less than 0.01) and an obscure relation (P less than 0.1) with the presence of lymph nodes greater than 3 cm in diameter, @entity4 , and @entity5 . No significant association was found between S-beta 2M level and histologic subtypes, presence of B symptoms, bone @entity3 , and survival. In @entity7 @entity0 a significant association was found between the level of S-beta 2M and stage of disease (P less than 0.05) and presence of @entity4 (P less than 0.05). No association was found between S-beta 2M level and histologic subtypes, lymph nodes greater than 3 cm in diameter, bone @entity3 , and B symptoms. A significant relation was found between S-beta 2M level and survival in @entity7 @entity0 with @entity2 (P less than .025).

title: Serum XXXX in malignant lymphoproliferative disorders.

answer: @entity12


abstract: We describe five cases and review 34 reported cases of multiorgan @entity4 . Most of the @entity0 with multiorgan involvement have been adults with @entity2 . Organs most commonly infected include the small intestine, urinary tract, biliary tree, and eye; involvement of the respiratory tract, nasal sinuses, and central nervous system is also described but appears to be less frequent. Although @entity0 with multiorgan disease may be asymptomatic, clinical presentation usually relates to the involved organs. @entity3 and @entity5 are the most frequently identified species of pathogens. An affinity for certain tissues is observed among different microsporidial species. In all but one case of @entity3 @entity1 was limited to intestinal and hepatobiliary tracts, a finding suggestive of local extension. In contrast, the @entity0 infected with @entity5 had widespread involvement, suggesting true hematogenous or lymphatic dissemination. Treatment may have to be based on findings regarding which organs and specific microsporidial species are involved. Further investigation of the pathogenic tendencies and route of acquisition of these organisms and the therapeutic agents active against them is needed.

title: Multiorgan XXXX : report of five cases and review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: This is an analysis of the outcome of 35 @entity0 with end-stage @entity1 ( @entity1 ) at Toronto Western Hospital (TWH) during a 10-year period. The primary treatment in each case was hemodialysis. In the 15 @entity0 managed exclusively with hemodialysis the one- and five-year actuarial survival was 93% and 77% respectively. Twenty @entity0 ultimately received a total of 26 cadaveric renal allografts. Graft survival at one year was 76%. One- and five-year @entity0 survival was 92% and 73% respectively. Beyond 5 years a trend towards increased survival in the transplant group was seen, compared with the exclusively hemodialyzed group. @entity3 prior to transplantation was associated with high morbidity and mortality, and did not change either graft or @entity0 survival. In view of the similar survival and because it is accepted that transplantation offers the highest quality of life amongst the modalities of treatment for @entity2 , transplantation should be considered the treatment of choice for end-stage @entity1 . There is no justification for routine bilateral nephrectomy before renal transplantation.

title: Management of end-stage XXXX with hemodialysis and transplantation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of parasympathetic and sympathetic @entity7 in long-standing type I diabetics with established @entity1 and to correlate autonomic function with cardiac risk factors. We used prospective analysis of heart rate variations to standardized testing and 24-hour blood pressure control prior to enrollment in a study utilizing various methods of intense diabetic control to prevent @entity1 . The settings were outpatient clinical research units. The @entity0 were 42 type I diabetics with @entity3 (total urinary protein > or = 300 mg/day or urinary albumin > or = 100 mg/day) and @entity5 clearance > or = 30 mL/min. Heart rate variation during respiratory cycles with change in posture from supine to upright, and during the Valsalva maneuver was recorded by a computerized method. Mean arterial blood pressure was recorded for 24 h by a computerized method. Heart rate variations in this group were abnormal during timed respiratory cycles in 26 of 40 @entity0 (56%), during changes in posture in 15 of 40 @entity0 (38%), and during Valsalva maneuver in 13 of 34 @entity0 (38%) whose @entity4 permitted Valsalva testing. Blunted day/night mean arterial pressure ratios occurred in 18 of 41 (44%) @entity0 and were more severe in @entity0 than in @entity0 (1.00 v 1.06, P < or = .05). Absence of deep tendon reflexes was associated with an increased incidence of both parasympathetic (respiratory rate variation) and sympathetic (postural rate variation) abnormalities (both P < or = .05). @entity6 was not associated with @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Autonomic function in type I diabetes mellitus complicated by XXXX . A cross-sectional analysis in the presymptomatic phase.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe @entity1 is a leading cause of @entity2 and handicap. However, the benefit for the @entity0 of pre-hospital management by emergency physicians remains controversial because it may delay admission to hospital. This study aimed to compare the impact of medical pre-hospital management performed by SMUR (Service Mobile d'Urgences et de R  animation) with non-medical pre-hospital management provided by fire brigades (non-SMUR) on 30-day mortality. METHODS: The FIRST (French Intensive care Recorded in Severe @entity1 ) study is a multicenter cohort study on consecutive @entity0 with severe @entity1 requiring admission to university hospital intensive care units within the first 72 hours. Initial clinical status, pre-hospital life-sustaining treatments and Injury Severity Scores (ISS) were recorded. The main endpoint was 30-day mortality. RESULTS: Among 2,703 @entity0 , 2,513 received medical pre-hospital management from SMUR, and 190 received basic pre-hospital management provided by fire brigades. SMUR @entity0 presented a poorer initial clinical status and higher ISS and were admitted to hospital after a longer delay than non-SMUR @entity0 . The crude 30-day mortality rate was comparable for SMUR and non-SMUR @entity0 (17% and 15% respectively; P = 0.61). After adjustment for initial clinical status and ISS, SMUR care significantly reduced the risk of 30-day mortality (odds ratio (OR): 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.94, P = 0.03). Further adjustments for the delay to hospital admission only marginally affected these results. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that SMUR management is associated with a significant reduction in 30-day mortality. The role of careful medical assessment and intensive pre-hospital life-sustaining treatments needs to be assessed in further studies.

title: Medical pre-hospital management reduces mortality in severe XXXX : a prospective epidemiological study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Rotavirus (RV) infections affect young @entity0 , but can also occur in adults. We sought to identify risk factors for @entity3 in adults aged    18 years in Denmark, and to describe illness and genotyping characteristics. From March 2005 to February 2009, we recruited consecutive cases of laboratory-confirmed RV @entity1 and compared them with healthy controls matched by age, gender and municipality of residence. We collected information on illness characteristics and exposures using postal questionnaires. We calculated univariable and multivariable matched odds ratios ( @entity4 ) with conditional logistic regression. The study comprised 65 cases and 246 controls. Illness exceeded 10 days in 31% of cases; 22% were hospitalized. Cases were more likely than controls to suffer serious underlying health conditions [ @entity4 5  6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1  7-18], and to report having had close contact with @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity4 9  4, 95% CI 3  6-24), in particular young @entity0 aged 18 years. Close contact with young @entity0 @entity4 adults with @entity2 is the main risk factor for RV @entity1 in adults in Denmark. RV vaccination assessments should consider that RV vaccination in @entity0 may indirectly reduce the burden of disease in adults.

title: A case-control study of risk factors for XXXX in adults, Denmark, 2005-2009.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We assessed the pattern of local recurrence after salvage cryoablation of the prostate, and the impact of local recurrence on intermediate-term outcome. METHODS: One hundred twenty-two @entity0 who underwent salvage cryoablation were studied after a mean follow-up of 56 months. Serial prostate biopsy was carried out after cryoablation. The histopathology of prostate biopsies before and after cryoablation were compared. The prognostic value of post-cryoablation biopsy was assessed with the Cox regression method. RESULTS: 23.1% of @entity0 had a positive biopsy for @entity3 following salvage cryoablation. Most @entity1 recurrences occurred in the apex (51.5%), base (21.2%) and seminal vesicles (18.2%). The presence of @entity1 at the base of the prostate was found to be a prognostic factor for eventual biochemical failure. Overall 5-year biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS) was 28%, however @entity0 with @entity1 at the base of the prostate had a 5-year bDFS of 0%. CONCLUSION: @entity1 occurred in areas where @entity2 freezing was avoided as it might result in serious problems (e.g., @entity5 and @entity4 ). Post-cryoablation biopsies and the location of persistent disease are of prognostic value.

title: The pattern of XXXX local recurrence after radiation and salvage cryoablation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Morphological changes were correlated with biochemical data induced by @entity6 (PRL) in cultured @entity1 granulosa cells from large preovulatory follicles. Biochemical results indicated that PRL exerted a significant dose-dependent inhibition in gonadotrophin-induced secretion of @entity4 and @entity2 . PRL alone failed to affect basal steroidogenic secretion. In parallel morphological experiments, using phase-contrast microscopy, untreated and 100 ng/ml PRL-treated cells appeared as a monolayer of flattened, fibroblast-like cells. Upon exposure to 0.4 IU/ml @entity0 chorionic gonadotrophin ( @entity5 ), aggregates of rounded, epithelioid-shaped cells were formed. The addition of PRL to @entity5 in the same doses minimized the changes induced by @entity5 . Similarly, electron microscopy of untreated and PRL-treated cultures revealed flat cells devoid of microvilli, with evenly dispersed microfilaments. The addition of @entity5 caused rounding of the cells and was accompanied by the appearance of microvilli and by pronounced @entity3 -producing organelles. Bundles of microfilaments were noted at the cell periphery. PRL added to @entity5 caused a reduction of the @entity5 effects, and the cell morphology was intermediate to that seen in untreated and @entity5 -treated cultures. The finding that PRL can prevent or minimize morphological changes caused by @entity5 in @entity1 cultured granulosa cells correlates with the biochemical changes induced by PRL, and supports the concept that PRL is a modulator of gonadotrophic action in the ovary.

title: Effects of XXXX on the morphology of cultured @entity1 granulosa cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Morphological changes were correlated with biochemical data induced by @entity6 (PRL) in cultured @entity1 granulosa cells from large preovulatory follicles. Biochemical results indicated that PRL exerted a significant dose-dependent inhibition in gonadotrophin-induced secretion of @entity4 and @entity2 . PRL alone failed to affect basal steroidogenic secretion. In parallel morphological experiments, using phase-contrast microscopy, untreated and 100 ng/ml PRL-treated cells appeared as a monolayer of flattened, fibroblast-like cells. Upon exposure to 0.4 IU/ml @entity0 chorionic gonadotrophin ( @entity5 ), aggregates of rounded, epithelioid-shaped cells were formed. The addition of PRL to @entity5 in the same doses minimized the changes induced by @entity5 . Similarly, electron microscopy of untreated and PRL-treated cultures revealed flat cells devoid of microvilli, with evenly dispersed microfilaments. The addition of @entity5 caused rounding of the cells and was accompanied by the appearance of microvilli and by pronounced @entity3 -producing organelles. Bundles of microfilaments were noted at the cell periphery. PRL added to @entity5 caused a reduction of the @entity5 effects, and the cell morphology was intermediate to that seen in untreated and @entity5 -treated cultures. The finding that PRL can prevent or minimize morphological changes caused by @entity5 in @entity1 cultured granulosa cells correlates with the biochemical changes induced by PRL, and supports the concept that PRL is a modulator of gonadotrophic action in the ovary.

title: Effects of @entity6 on the morphology of cultured XXXX granulosa cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Fibrinolytic therapy is an alternative to urgent reoperation for @entity0 with St. Jude @entity2 , but requires an accurate method for repeated assessment of prosthetic function. Since the St. Jude valve is not well visualized by conventional cinefluoroscopy, digital subtraction techniques were developed that improved visualization of the value and allowed assessment of leaflet separation and velocity. A 74 year old @entity0 with @entity2 5 years after St. Jude aortic valve placement had an opening angle of 58 degrees (normal range 10 to 13; n = 8) with a maximal opening velocity of 1.37 degrees/ms (normal range 2.46 to 2.93). The closing angle was 125 degrees (normal range 120 to 127) with a maximal closing velocity of 1.38 degrees/ms (normal range 2.24 to 3.60). The @entity0 received 250,000 U of streptokinase intravenously, then 100,000 U/h for 72 hours. Improvement in auscultatory findings occurred at 12 hours; repeat digital cinefluoroscopy showed an opening angle of 20 degrees with a maximal velocity of 2.77 degrees/ms, and a closing angle of 126 degrees with a maximal velocity of 1.91 degrees/ms. Digital cinefluoroscopy 4 weeks after discharge on @entity4 and @entity5 therapy was unchanged. There have been no @entity3 after 6 months of follow-up. Thus, digital cinefluoroscopy is a new noninvasive technique that permits accurate measurement of normal and abnormal St. Jude leaflet function. Intravenous streptokinase dissolution of @entity2 under digital cinefluoroscopic guidance may be an acceptable alternative to emergency reoperation. The frequency and significance of residual subclinical @entity1 after fibrinolytic therapy and the indications for elective reoperation require further evaluation.

title: Fibrinolytic therapy of St. Jude valve XXXX under guidance of digital cinefluoroscopy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of crevicular application of a collagen stabilizer on ligature-induced @entity2 in @entity1 . Fourteen male and female @entity1 , 15 months of age, were studied. The mandibular first molars and third and fourth premolars were ligated for 6 months and moderate @entity3 resulted. Ligatures were removed for 2 months and then replaced for an additional 3 months to experimentally mimic the episodic changes seen in @entity0 @entity2 . Following this phase, ligatures were removed and the animals were assigned to a placebo or treatment group. Medications were then applied intracrevicularly, three times a week over 5 months using an IMAX irrigator. Clinical indices measured were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival crevicular fluid flow (GCF), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and standardized radiographic analysis of alveolar bone height. While overall changes in PI, GI and GCF were not significant, the results showed that alveolar bone regeneration was increased approximately twice as much in the treatment group as compared to the placebo group, @entity4 improved by 20% vs. 12.5% (P less than 0.001) and @entity5 improved by 8.8% vs. 4.5% (P less than 0.001). The data were also evaluated in terms of the response in more severe sites as compared to those less severe. The results of these evaluations showed the more severe sites to be significantly more responsive to treatment than the less severe sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The application of a collagen stabilizer to the gingiva of the @entity1 . Effect on ligature-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of crevicular application of a collagen stabilizer on ligature-induced @entity2 in @entity1 . Fourteen male and female @entity1 , 15 months of age, were studied. The mandibular first molars and third and fourth premolars were ligated for 6 months and moderate @entity3 resulted. Ligatures were removed for 2 months and then replaced for an additional 3 months to experimentally mimic the episodic changes seen in @entity0 @entity2 . Following this phase, ligatures were removed and the animals were assigned to a placebo or treatment group. Medications were then applied intracrevicularly, three times a week over 5 months using an IMAX irrigator. Clinical indices measured were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival crevicular fluid flow (GCF), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and standardized radiographic analysis of alveolar bone height. While overall changes in PI, GI and GCF were not significant, the results showed that alveolar bone regeneration was increased approximately twice as much in the treatment group as compared to the placebo group, @entity4 improved by 20% vs. 12.5% (P less than 0.001) and @entity5 improved by 8.8% vs. 4.5% (P less than 0.001). The data were also evaluated in terms of the response in more severe sites as compared to those less severe. The results of these evaluations showed the more severe sites to be significantly more responsive to treatment than the less severe sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The application of a collagen stabilizer to the gingiva of the XXXX . Effect on ligature-induced @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Current methods to evaluate the size and local extent of @entity2 are imprecise. Quantitative assessments of changes after therapy are unreliable. We have used transrectal ultrasonography in 50 @entity0 with clinically localized @entity2 to determine the value of this imaging technique in staging the local @entity1 and in monitoring the response of the @entity1 to therapy. Transverse images of the prostate were obtained at 5 mm. intervals, and were used to determine the size and shape of the prostate, irregularity or discontinuity of the capsule, extracapsular extension of @entity1 and invasion into the seminal vesicles. Ultrasonography proved highly accurate in staging. Among 18 previously untreated @entity0 whose @entity1 appeared to be confined to the prostate by rectal examination 8 (44 per cent) had extension beyond the prostate by ultrasonography, which was confirmed by operative findings. Serial ultrasonograms were performed before and after definitive radiotherapy in 7 @entity0 and chemotherapy in 6 @entity0 . In response to therapy the prostate decreased in size and resumed a more normal, symmetrical shape, the capsule reformed and thickened, the degree of extracapsular extension diminished and the seminal vesicles became normal. Maximal reduction in the size of the prostate usually occurred by 9 months after radiotherapy and by 3 months after chemotherapy. In @entity0 with @entity2 transrectal ultrasonography is highly accurate in staging and offers an objective monitor of the response to therapy.

title: Transrectal ultrasonography for XXXX : its value in staging and monitoring the response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The clinical presentation, management and outcome of all @entity0 with @entity6 who presented to our tertiary care centre at various stages after cholecystectomy were analyzed. The @entity0 were categorized into three groups: group A- @entity0 in whom the injury was detected during cholecystectomy, group B- @entity0 who presented within 2  weeks of cholecystectomy and group C- @entity0 who presented after 2  weeks of cholecystectomy. Our team acted as rescue surgeons and performed 'on-table' repair for injuries occurring in another unit or in another hospital. Strasberg classification of @entity6 was followed. In group A, partial and complete transections were managed by repair over T-tube and high hepaticojejunostomy, respectively. @entity0 in group B underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram and/or magnetic resonance cholangiogram to evaluate the biliary tree. Those with intact common bile duct underwent endoscopic papillotomy and stenting in addition to drainage of intra-abdominal collection when present. For those with complete transection, early repair was considered if there was no @entity5 . In presence of intra-abdominal @entity5 an attempt was made to create controlled external @entity7 . This was followed by hepatico jejunostomy at least after 3  months. Group C @entity0 underwent hepaticojejunostomy at least 6  weeks after the injury. The outcome was graded into three categories: grade A-no clinical symptoms, normal LFT; grade B-no clinical symptoms, mild derangement of LFT or occasional episodes of @entity3 or fever; grade C- @entity3 , @entity4 and abnormal LFT; grade D-surgical revision or dilatation required. Fifty nine @entity0 were included in the study and the distribution was group A-six @entity0 , group B-33 @entity0 and group C-20 @entity0 . In group A, one @entity0 with complete transection of the right hepatic duct (type C) and partial @entity1 ( @entity1 ) underwent right hepaticojejunostomy and repair of the @entity1 over stent. Two @entity0 with type D and three @entity0 with type E 2 injury underwent repair over T-tube and hepaticojejunostomy, respectively. In group B, all except one of the 18 @entity0 with @entity2 underwent endoscopic papillotomy and stenting. The @entity6 subsided at a mean interval of 8  days in all, except one @entity0 who died of fulminant @entity5 . Of the 15 @entity0 with type E injury, five underwent hepaticojejunostomy after a minimum gap of 3  months. Early repair was considered in 10 @entity0 . Twenty @entity0 in group C underwent hepaticojejunostomy. In a mean follow-up of 40  months, the outcome was grade A in 54 @entity0 , grade B in three @entity0 (one from each of the three groups) and grade D in one @entity0 (group C). The latter @entity0 with a type E3 injury developed recurrent stricture and @entity4 necessitating percutaneous transhepatic dilatation. The high success rate of bile duct repair in the present study can be attributed to the appropriate timing, meticulous technique and the tertiary care experience.

title: Management of XXXX at Various Stages of Presentation: Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Introduction : @entity3 is a serious infection of the heart endothelium and valves. It carries long-term health risks and compromises the @entity2 . However, this condition has been rarely observed since the introduction of appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis. Dentists play a major role in preventing @entity3 in susceptible @entity0 . In this study, we assessed the levels of awareness about antibiotic prophylaxis for @entity3 among students and young dentists at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods : This cross-sectional study included 367 dental students and dental interns who answered a questionnaire designed to assess their awareness levels; it included questions pertaining to demographic information and questions examining the general knowledge of the @entity0 with regard to antibiotic prophylaxis for @entity3 . Results : An average of 50% of the @entity0 clearly lacked knowledge regarding the conditions that require antibiotic prophylaxis, while an average of 65% provided correct answers pertaining to the conditions that do not require prophylaxis. Regarding dental procedures that require prophylaxis, the majority of responses were correct with an average of 71.2%. With regard to the type of antibiotic to be prescribed, 63.5% of the @entity0 chose to prescribe 2 g of @entity1 as a first-line antibiotic. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the levels of awareness about antibiotic prophylaxis for @entity3 are below 100%. Awareness is essential because of the cardiac risks associated with the lack of appropriate treatment. Up-to-date and accurate knowledge is mandatory for all dental students and interns who see and treat @entity0 on a daily basis.

title: Awareness of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for XXXX Among Dental Students and Interns at a Teaching Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Benign @entity7 of infancy (BMEI) is an @entity1 characterized by spontaneous @entity5 with onset in the first 2 years of life. We observed 6 neurologically normal @entity0 (aged 6-21 months) with attacks that resembled those of BMEI but that occurred as reflex responses to unexpected auditory and tactile stimuli. four @entity0 also had rare spontaneous attacks. These reflex attacks consisted of isolated muscle jerks or clusters of up to eight symmetric limb jerks affecting mainly the arms. Five of the @entity0 had a family history of @entity3 . @entity5 disappeared in 4-14 months. In 3 @entity0 , the jerks stopped spontaneously; the others responded to @entity4 ( @entity6 ). @entity5 could be elicited in wakefulness and in sleep. Ictal EEGs showed brief generalized spike- or polyspike-and-wave discharges. Interictal EEGs were normal during wakefulness; during sleep, brief generalized discharges were evident. We propose that reflex @entity7 of infancy (RMEI) is a new age-dependent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) syndrome, with an apparently good prognosis.

title: Reflex @entity7 in infancy: a new age-dependent XXXX related to startle reaction.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Benign @entity7 of infancy (BMEI) is an @entity1 characterized by spontaneous @entity5 with onset in the first 2 years of life. We observed 6 neurologically normal @entity0 (aged 6-21 months) with attacks that resembled those of BMEI but that occurred as reflex responses to unexpected auditory and tactile stimuli. four @entity0 also had rare spontaneous attacks. These reflex attacks consisted of isolated muscle jerks or clusters of up to eight symmetric limb jerks affecting mainly the arms. Five of the @entity0 had a family history of @entity3 . @entity5 disappeared in 4-14 months. In 3 @entity0 , the jerks stopped spontaneously; the others responded to @entity4 ( @entity6 ). @entity5 could be elicited in wakefulness and in sleep. Ictal EEGs showed brief generalized spike- or polyspike-and-wave discharges. Interictal EEGs were normal during wakefulness; during sleep, brief generalized discharges were evident. We propose that reflex @entity7 of infancy (RMEI) is a new age-dependent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) syndrome, with an apparently good prognosis.

title: Reflex XXXX in infancy: a new age-dependent @entity2 related to startle reaction.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Tests for the induction of chromosomal @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and micronuclei (MN) in bone marrow cells of @entity0 have been conducted on 65 chemicals. Although these tests were not conducted with the purpose of comparing the outcomes of these two in vivo @entity1 endpoints, the availability of these test results permits such a comparison. Based on studies to date, results from the 2 tests agree for more than 80% of the chemicals; 17 gave positive results in both tests, and 36 gave negative results in both. Seven chemicals were positive only for @entity2 and 5 were positive only for MN. Three chemicals that were originally concluded to be positive for @entity2 but not for MN were found to induce MN when the MN protocol was modified to more closely reflect the @entity2 protocol. Among the 12 chemicals for which there are discrepant results, there are only 2 for which the difference is convincing. One of these, @entity3 (MN negative, @entity2 positive) remains an enigma; further studies are being conducted. The second, @entity4 (MN positive, @entity2 negative) will be difficult to pursue because the studies reported here were done by inhalation exposure. Based on the outcomes of these comparisons, protocol factors, rather than endpoint specificity, appear to be the major source of discrepant test results. Thus, these results do not support a recommendation that both tests be conducted in a primary testing scheme for @entity1 .

title: Comparison of results from XXXX bone marrow chromosome aberration and micronucleus tests.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity13 ( @entity15 and @entity10 ) are @entity2 resulting in defects in @entity1 of @entity8 , @entity5 and @entity12 . Previously considered as genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneous diseases, recent evidence suggests that they constitute a spectrum of disease caused by different genetic mutations with the molecular defects of @entity12 reabsorption originating at different sites of the nephron in each condition. Although they share some characteristic @entity3 such as @entity7 , @entity14 , @entity9 of the juxtaglomerular apparatus with hyperreninemia, @entity6 , the clinical and laboratory manifestations may not always allow distinction between them. Diuretics tests, measuring the changes in urinary fractional excretion of @entity12 from baseline after administration of either @entity4 or @entity11 show very little change (< 2.3%) in the fractional excretion of @entity12 from baseline in @entity10 when compared with @entity15 , except when @entity15 is associated with @entity16 mutations where a good response to both diuretics exists. The diuretic test is not recommended for @entity0 or young @entity0 with suspected @entity15 because of a higher risk of volume depletion in such @entity0 . Clinical symptoms and biochemical markers of @entity10 and classic form of @entity15 (type III) may overlap and thus genetic analysis may specify the real cause of symptoms. However, although genetic analysis is available, its use remains limited because of limited availability, large gene dimensions, lack of hot-spot mutations, heavy workup time and costs involved. Furthermore, considerable overlap exists between the different genotypes and phenotypes. Although @entity15 and @entity10 usually have distinct presentations and are associated with specific gene mutations, there remains considerable overlap between their phenotypes and genotypes. Thus, they are better described as a spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by different gene mutations.

title: XXXX : Spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by different mutations.

answer: @entity13


abstract: What is distinctive about bacterial @entity2 , as compared to, for example, taste in the @entity3 , is the time over which decisions must be made. The lower limit is set by diffusion of chemicals to and from the cell surface, which demands long times for statistically significant counts. The upper limit is set by diffusion of the cell itself, which demands short times for well-defined swimming paths. For an organism the size of @entity0 , temporal comparisons of the concentrations of chemicals in the environment must be made within a few seconds. Although such short time spans might be difficult for the biochemist, they are not so difficult for @entity0 , because diffusion can carry a small molecule across the cell in about 1 msec. @entity0 has the opposite problem: How does it integrate inputs from many receptors over periods 1000 times as long? The mechanisms for this signal processing are beginning to be understood. We know how most chemical attractants are identified, how temporal comparisons might be made, and how the behavioral output is effected. We know less about how sensory information crosses the cytoplasmic membrane, how the reactions that link the receptors to the flagella generate such high gain, and what actually controls the direction of @entity1 . One thing is quite clear: @entity0 demands our admiration and respect.

title: A physicist looks at bacterial XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aims to compare the effect of conventional corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) with accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking in treatment of @entity1 . DESIGN: A comparative interventional study was employed. @entity0 : @entity0 were consecutive cases of progressive @entity1 receiving either conventional (3   mW/cm(2) irradiance for 30   min) or accelerated CXL (9   mW/cm(2) irradiance for 10   min). METHODS: Clinical and topographic parameters were compared between the two groups. Postoperative corneal stromal demarcation line was measured using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical and topographic parameters such as corrected distant visual acuity (CDVA), maximum keratometry (Kmax), mean keratometry (Kmean), demarcation line depth were gathered from medical records. RESULTS: There were a total of 26 eyes with an average follow up of 13.9        6.3 months. Fourteen eyes received conventional CXL, and 12 eyes had accelerated CXL. In the conventional CXL group, CDVA improved significantly (P   =   0.021). There was also a significant reduction in Kmax (P   =   0.003) and Kmean (P   =   0.002). In the accelerated CXL group, no significant changes were found in CDVA (P   =   0.395), Kmax (P   =   0.388) and Kmean (P   =   0.952) postoperatively. A significantly greater reduction in Kmax and Kmean were seen in conventional CXL compared to its accelerated counterpart (P   =   0.001 and 0.015, respectively). The demarcation line was deeper in eyes with conventional CXL (P   =   0.013), and the depth correlated significantly with the change in Kmean (r   =   -0.432, P   =   0.045). CONCLUSION: Conventional and accelerated CXL are effective in stabilizing @entity1 progression after a mean of 12 months. @entity0 undergoing conventional CXL showed clinical improvement with greater corneal flattening, which correlated with a deeper corneal stromal demarcation line. This current study is the first to report such correlation.

title: Conventional versus accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on CT brain scan is an assumed radiological marker of acute intra-arterial @entity3 . However, the relationship between @entity2 between time of @entity1 onset has not been adequately investigated, leading to uncertainty regarding its validity as a marker of acute ischaemia. We attempted to determine if the presence of the @entity2 is associated with time from @entity1 onset. METHODS: Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary referral centre. Consecutive @entity0 with acute @entity1 and confirmed middle cerebral @entity2 on initial CT angiogram from 2007-2011 were included. Visual estimation and manual measurement of Hounsfield units of affected and corresponding non-affected artery on non-contrast CT was completed and mean density was calculated from four separate readings. Primary outome measures were Time from @entity1 onset and @entity2 on both visual estimation and the ratio of mean value in Hounsfield Units (HU) of affected to non-affected artery. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-four subjects with confirmed @entity2 on CT Angiogram were included in the study. There were no significant differences in age distribution or vascular risk factor presence between subjects with or without @entity2 . Subjects with @entity2 were less likely to be male (50.9  % vs 70.8  %, p   =   0.02).) @entity2 was found in 106 (68.8  %) of all subjects. Median NIHSS score at presentation was significantly higher in the @entity2 group (17 vs 12, p   =   0.02). No statistically significant association between @entity2 and @entity1 onset time or density ratio between affected and non-affected artery was detected overall within either the first 24-h or on subgroup analysis of those in the first 4.5-h. A small subgroup of three @entity0 with @entity1 onset greater than 24-h all had absent @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: No evidence of a correlation between time of @entity1 onset and presence of a @entity2 within the first 24-h post acute @entity1 was identified. The @entity2 was associated with a higher NIHSS score at presentation.

title: Is there association between hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign on CT scan and time from XXXX onset within the first 24-hours?

answer: @entity1


abstract: Clinicopathologic findings in 102 @entity0 with primary @entity2 were reviewed. @entity3 was the common presenting symptom. The primary sites of the @entity1 were: 67 in the stomach, 24 in the small intestine, 7 in the ileocecal region, 3 in the large intestine, and 1 in the esophagus. The disease more frequently affected males than females and showed peak incidence in the 5th decade of life. @entity7 usually presented with a single lesion, but multiple lesions were frequent in the small intestine. The body and/or antrum of the stomach were the commonest sites of the @entity4 . @entity7 were diagnosed at an earlier stage than @entity4 . There was 1 case with @entity5 . The remaining 101 @entity0 with @entity6 were classified according to the Rappaport and the Kiel classifications. The proportion of @entity8 in the present series was 7%. The frequencies of diffuse histiocytic type ard germinal center cell @entity1 were 62 and 74%, respectively. Cox's multivariate analysis for prognostic factors revealed that the stage of the @entity1 , sex, and age were prognostically significant.

title: Primary XXXX . A clinicopathologic study of 102 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Clinicopathologic findings in 102 @entity0 with primary @entity2 were reviewed. @entity3 was the common presenting symptom. The primary sites of the @entity1 were: 67 in the stomach, 24 in the small intestine, 7 in the ileocecal region, 3 in the large intestine, and 1 in the esophagus. The disease more frequently affected males than females and showed peak incidence in the 5th decade of life. @entity7 usually presented with a single lesion, but multiple lesions were frequent in the small intestine. The body and/or antrum of the stomach were the commonest sites of the @entity4 . @entity7 were diagnosed at an earlier stage than @entity4 . There was 1 case with @entity5 . The remaining 101 @entity0 with @entity6 were classified according to the Rappaport and the Kiel classifications. The proportion of @entity8 in the present series was 7%. The frequencies of diffuse histiocytic type ard germinal center cell @entity1 were 62 and 74%, respectively. Cox's multivariate analysis for prognostic factors revealed that the stage of the @entity1 , sex, and age were prognostically significant.

title: Primary @entity2 . A clinicopathologic study of 102 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: With a view to examine the possibility of a direct role of opioids in the regulation of testicular steroidogenesis, the following in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted in male @entity0 of different age groups. Intratesticular (i.t.) injections of beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and its antagonist @entity3 (nal) were given bilaterally to adult (80-100 days), peripubertal (40 days) and juvenile (20 days) @entity0 and blood was collected at different time intervals up to 90 min and assayed for @entity1 (T). beta-EP suppressed T levels in all age groups of @entity0 while @entity3 stimulated T secretion only in adult @entity0 . In another experiment, adult @entity0 were also injected with 60 IU of @entity2 (sc) after 30 min. of beta-EP/nal treatment. @entity3 induced a greater rise in T in the presence of @entity2 while beta-EP blocked the @entity2 induced rise in @entity1 . In the in vitro sets of experiments, isolated interstitial cells from testes of adult, 40 and 20 days old @entity0 were incubated for 4 hr with @entity2 (25 IU), beta-EP (0.5ng) and nal (5.0ng) alone or in combinations. @entity3 alone was ineffective although it significantly enhanced @entity2 stimulated T release. beta-EP decreased both basal and @entity2 stimulated T release. Based on these results we postulate that opioids may influence steroidogenesis possibly by altering the response of interstitial cells to LH.

title: Effect of beta-endorphin and XXXX on @entity0 testicular steroidogenesis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: With a view to examine the possibility of a direct role of opioids in the regulation of testicular steroidogenesis, the following in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted in male @entity0 of different age groups. Intratesticular (i.t.) injections of beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and its antagonist @entity3 (nal) were given bilaterally to adult (80-100 days), peripubertal (40 days) and juvenile (20 days) @entity0 and blood was collected at different time intervals up to 90 min and assayed for @entity1 (T). beta-EP suppressed T levels in all age groups of @entity0 while @entity3 stimulated T secretion only in adult @entity0 . In another experiment, adult @entity0 were also injected with 60 IU of @entity2 (sc) after 30 min. of beta-EP/nal treatment. @entity3 induced a greater rise in T in the presence of @entity2 while beta-EP blocked the @entity2 induced rise in @entity1 . In the in vitro sets of experiments, isolated interstitial cells from testes of adult, 40 and 20 days old @entity0 were incubated for 4 hr with @entity2 (25 IU), beta-EP (0.5ng) and nal (5.0ng) alone or in combinations. @entity3 alone was ineffective although it significantly enhanced @entity2 stimulated T release. beta-EP decreased both basal and @entity2 stimulated T release. Based on these results we postulate that opioids may influence steroidogenesis possibly by altering the response of interstitial cells to LH.

title: Effect of beta-endorphin and @entity3 on XXXX testicular steroidogenesis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Type 4 pili are essential for virulence in @entity2 . The gonococcal pilin subunit is encoded by pilE, upstream of which three putative promoter sequences (P1, P2, and P3) have been identified. P1 and P2 are sigma 70-like promoters and are functional when a PpiE::cat transcriptional fusion is expressed in @entity3 alpha. P3 is sigma 54 dependent and overlaps the P1 sequence. Site-directed mutagenesis of the pilE promoters followed by transcriptional analysis in @entity0 indicated that in the absence of an appropriate activator protein, binding of RNA polymerase-sigma 54 to P3 inhibits transcription from P1 on the order of 30-fold. Transcription from P3 was undetectable in @entity0 . However, PilR-dependent, P3-associated expression was detected in @entity1 PAK containing a PpilE::cat fusion, with P3 the only intact promoter. A similar analysis was performed on gonococcal reporter strains containing wild-type and mutated PpilE::cat cassettes recombined into the chromosome. In such piliated gonococcal recombinants cultured in vitro, P1 was responsible for cat expression and almost certainly for transcription of pilE. Transcription from P2 and P3 was not detectable under these conditions. Inhibition of transcription from P1 by sigma 54 binding to P3 was not apparent in @entity2 MS11-A, suggesting that sigma 54 was either absent or unable to bind to P3 in these cells.

title: The pilE gene of XXXX MS11 is transcribed from a sigma 70 promoter during growth in vitro.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We tested the hypothesis that @entity5 oxidase inhibition among African Americans receiving the @entity8 -type diuretic @entity9 may improve blood pressure control with fewer @entity7 -related side effects. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of African Americans with Stage 1 @entity2 without clinically significant @entity1 . One hundred fifty African American @entity0 or @entity0 between the ages of 18 and 65  years who met the exclusion/inclusion criteria with untreated or treated @entity2 were started on @entity9 (25  mg/d) and @entity6 . After a 5-week run-in on @entity9 , baseline testing was performed and they were randomized to @entity3 (300  mg/dL) or placebo with doses adjusted based on @entity4 levels and followed for 8  weeks. One hundred ten subjects completed the study. Baseline systolic blood pressures after the 5-week @entity9 run-in were 119.9      13.6 in the @entity3 group and 117      11.2 in the placebo group indicating excellent blood pressure control with the single agent. After at least 4  week postrandomization, the difference in mean change in systolic blood pressure in @entity3 less placebo from visits 5 to 3 was 4.3  mm Hg (95% confidence interval, -0.2 to 8.7; P  =  .059). The difference in mean change in @entity4 levels over the same period was 2.1  mg/dL (95% confidence interval, 1.7-2.6; P  <  .001). The use of @entity9 with or without @entity3 resulted in excellent blood pressure control. The addition of @entity3 tended to improve clinic blood pressure, but the difference from the group receiving @entity9 alone was not statistically significant.

title: The Effect of the Addition of XXXX on Blood Pressure Control in African Americans Treated With a Thiazide-like Diuretic.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The purpose of this paper is to report clinical observations on the stabilisation of dentine caries in two chewing gum studies carried out in young subjects. One study focused on the permanent dentition of 1,277 initially 10-year old subjects, while the other study was carried out on 510 initially 6-year old subjects and focused on the primary dentition. In both trials, several chewing gum formulas containing dietary @entity4 ( @entity5 and @entity3 , or their combinations) were used for up to 40 months (10-year olds) or up to 24 months (6-year olds). The daily consumption level of both @entity4 was up to 10.7 g per subject, used normally in 5-minute chewing episodes 3 to 5 times per day. Supervised chewing in schools lasted 5 min per episode, and for variable times during non-school days. Rehardening of @entity0 was observed clinically by experienced, blinded examiners using sharp dental explorers and fibre optic light. After 40 months (permanent dentition) or after 18 months (primary dentition), rehardening ( @entity2 ) generally occurred more frequently in subjects who used @entity4 gums than in subjects who did not receive gum as part of the programmes, or who received @entity1 gum. Arrest or non-progression of dentine caries was most frequently observed in subjects who used 100 per cent @entity5 gums or mixtures of @entity5 and @entity3 , but the differences between gums were not consistently significant. However, the usage of 100 per cent @entity5 pellet-shaped gum was more frequently associated with arrest of dentine caries than other treatments. These results and previous studies suggest that high- @entity5 chewing gum usage can retard or arrest even rampant dentine caries in conditions where effective restoration and prevention programmes have not been instituted, and can also provide additional protection against further caries development during full implementation of restorative procedures by holding the lesion in a non-progressive condition.

title: Stabilisation of rampant caries: XXXX gums and arrest of dentine caries in two long-term cohort studies in young subjects.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Both abnormal automaticity and triggered activity induced by delayed afterdepolarizations have been proposed as the primary mechanism for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) occurring in @entity0 24 hr after ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Because of this controversy, we studied the effects of ventricular pacing and therapeutic concentrations of @entity3 and @entity4 on sustained rhythmic activity of isolated subendocardial preparations excised from the @entity2 , and on @entity1 in conscious @entity0 . There were differences in the sustained rhythmic activity cycle length of isolated preparations and the @entity1 cycle length that were attributable to the absence of sympathetic input in the former and its presence in the latter. In isolated tissues, pacing for 1 or 10 beats reset the sustained rhythmic activity and pacing for 1 min induced overdrive suppression. @entity3 (5 micrograms/ml) had no effect on sustained rhythmic activity but @entity4 (2 micrograms/ml) suppressed it. Delayed afterdepolarizations occurred but appeared to be induced by pacing or by the hyperpolarization associated with recovery. Although delayed afterdepolarizations were infrequent at 24 hr, their frequency increased with the hyperpolarization of the membrane that occurred at 48 to 96 hr after @entity2 . Delayed afterdepolarizations also occurred more readily when superfusate temperature was lowered. In conscious @entity0 , pacing the @entity1 for 1 or 10 beats or 1 min had no effect. @entity3 (2 to 10 micrograms/ml) did not affect the @entity1 but @entity4 (2 to 5 micrograms/ml) increased @entity1 cycle length significantly. Pacing for 1 min in the presence of @entity4 , but not @entity3 , converted @entity1 to sinus rhythm. Our results suggest that although delayed afterdepolarizations occur at 24 hr after @entity2 in the standard Harris preparation, they are most readily seen as an accompaniment of hyperpolarization, pacing, or lowering of bath temperature. The predominant rhythm at 24 hr appears to be automatic.

title: An evaluation of automaticity and triggered activity in the XXXX heart one to four days after myocardial infarction.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elevation of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity3 concentration reduces cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. HDLs have been shown to possess acute anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic properties. We hypothesize that HDL therapy can acutely alter local and systemic manifestations of plaque instability. METHODS: Forty @entity0 with early symptomatic @entity2 were randomized to either receive reconstituted HDL (rHDL) 40  mg/kg (n  =  20) or placebo (n  =  20). Carotid endarterectomies were performed 24  hr later. Plaques were obtained intraoperatively and used for  measurement of thrombomodulatory genes expression. Plasma samples were collected before the infusion, 24 and 48  hr later to measure changes in systemic markers of plaque instability. RESULTS: No significant differences were noted in thrombomodulatory genes expression between the 2 groups. Systemic levels of tissue factor, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and monocyte chemotactic factor-1 ( @entity6 ) were significantly reduced in the rHDL group. However, the effects on @entity5 and @entity6 were abolished in the immediate postoperative period. Although rHDL did not affect plasma @entity4 levels 24  hr following the infusion, it prevented the significant postoperative elevation seen in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: A single infusion of rHDL can acutely alter plasma biomarkers associated with plaque instability and @entity1 .

title: Investigating the Effect of a Single Infusion of Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein in XXXX with Symptomatic Carotid Plaques.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: We propose that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of the @entity1 pathway of angiogenesis will associate with survival in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . METHODS: Fifty-three SNPs in @entity1 -pathway genes were genotyped in 150 European stage I-III @entity2 @entity0 and tested for associations with @entity0 survival. Replication was performed in an independent cohort of 142 European stage I-III @entity0 . Reporter gene assays were used to assess the effects of SNPs on transcriptional activity. RESULTS: In the initial cohort, five SNPs associated (q < 0.05) with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The minor alleles of intronic @entity4 SNPs, @entity6 and @entity5 , associated with reduced @entity3 (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.67 [95% confidence interval, CI, 1.22-2.29] and HR = 1.51 [95% CI, 1.14-2.01], respectively) and reduced transcriptional activity. The minor alleles of intronic KRAS SNPs, @entity7 and @entity8 , associated with increased @entity3 (HR = 0.64 [0.46-0.87] and HR = 0.64 [0.47-0.87], respectively), and the minor allelic variant of @entity7 also reduced transcriptional activity. Lastly, the minor allele of the intronic KRAS SNP @entity9 associated with reduced @entity3 (HR = 1.65 [95% CI, 1.16-2.37]). Analysis of the functional variants suggests they are located in transcriptional enhancer elements. The negative effect of @entity5 on @entity3 was confirmed in the replication cohort (HR = 1.69 [0.99-2.89], p = 0.028), and the association was significant in pooled analysis of both cohorts (HR = 1.67 [1.21-2.30], p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The functional @entity4 variant @entity5 is a prognostic determinant of recurrence in stage I-III @entity2 . Its predictive value should be tested in the adjuvant setting of stage I-III @entity2 .

title: Functional XXXX Genetic Variation is a Prognostic Factor for Recurrence in Stage I-III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The effects of particle size and pelleting on growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and stomach morphology were determined using 160 finishing @entity2 . The @entity2 were fed a @entity4 - @entity1 meal-based diet with the @entity4 milled to particle sizes of 1,000, 800, 600, or 400 microns. The diets were fed in meal or pellet form. Pelleting the diets resulted in 5% greater ADG (P < .01) and 7% greater grain/feed (P < .001). Also, pelleting increased digestibilities of @entity3 , N, and GE by 5 to 8% (P < .001). Reducing particle size increased electrical energy required for milling and decreased milling production rates, especially as particle size was decreased from 600 to 400 microns. Reducing particle size of the @entity4 from 1,000 to 400 microns increased gain/feed by 8% (linear effect, P < .001) and digestibility of GE by 7% (quadratic effect, P < .03). Improved nutrient digestibility and lower ADFI resulted in 26% less daily excretion of @entity3 and 27% less daily excretion of N in the feces as particle size was reduced from 1,000 to 400 microns (linear effects, P < .001). @entity0 and keratinization increased with reduced particle size (P < .003) and keratinization increased with pelleting (P < .02), although they were unrelated to growth performance (i.e., gain/feed actually improved as lesion scores increased). Considering milling energy, growth performance, stomach morphology, nutrient digestibility, and nutrient excretion, a particle size of 600 microns, or slightly less, is an acceptable compromise for @entity4 in both meal and pelleted diets for finishing @entity2 .

title: Effects of particle size and pelleting on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and stomach morphology in finishing XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Forty-three @entity0 underwent a series of operations with the @entity2 laser to incise the uterine horn. Electronically pulsed laser light was compared with the continuous-wave (CW) mode on alternative horns, with each animal serving as its own control. Five variations of the superpulsed mode were compared with the same number of CW settings. Three experiments were performed: acute evaluation after partial uterine horn transection, acute observation after complete transection, and chronic studies after partial transection. The sectioned uterine horns were grossly observed and photographed, then sampled, histologically fixed, and studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. Zones of thermal @entity1 were measured by an imaging tube and quantified by a @entity3 tablet. The results of this study demonstrated 2.5 times less thermal @entity1 by electronically pulsed, versus the CW, laser beam. Four-and-one-half times less @entity1 was also observed when the pulsed laser was employed for complete transection experiments. Adhesions were provoked in every animal that underwent chronic investigation. Inflammatory response, adhesion progression, and hydrosalpinx formation were significantly diminished in the pulsed-treated group. Qualitatively, wounds inflicted by pulsing showed different geometric patterns, compared with CW incisions. Electronic pulsing offers the surgeon the combined advantages of knife-like incisions and the precision and hemostatic properties of the @entity2 laser.

title: Comparison of electronically superpulsed and continuous-wave XXXX laser on the @entity0 uterine horn.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Forty-three @entity0 underwent a series of operations with the @entity2 laser to incise the uterine horn. Electronically pulsed laser light was compared with the continuous-wave (CW) mode on alternative horns, with each animal serving as its own control. Five variations of the superpulsed mode were compared with the same number of CW settings. Three experiments were performed: acute evaluation after partial uterine horn transection, acute observation after complete transection, and chronic studies after partial transection. The sectioned uterine horns were grossly observed and photographed, then sampled, histologically fixed, and studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. Zones of thermal @entity1 were measured by an imaging tube and quantified by a @entity3 tablet. The results of this study demonstrated 2.5 times less thermal @entity1 by electronically pulsed, versus the CW, laser beam. Four-and-one-half times less @entity1 was also observed when the pulsed laser was employed for complete transection experiments. Adhesions were provoked in every animal that underwent chronic investigation. Inflammatory response, adhesion progression, and hydrosalpinx formation were significantly diminished in the pulsed-treated group. Qualitatively, wounds inflicted by pulsing showed different geometric patterns, compared with CW incisions. Electronic pulsing offers the surgeon the combined advantages of knife-like incisions and the precision and hemostatic properties of the @entity2 laser.

title: Comparison of electronically superpulsed and continuous-wave @entity2 laser on the XXXX uterine horn.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Prognostic indicators for @entity2 have not been widely confirmed because of its rarity. Despite the early appearance of symptoms, it has a very poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors in @entity0 undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in a high-volume center for @entity6 . METHODS: From January 2000 to December 2013, 1490 PD were performed for periampullary disease. Data from all @entity0 with histologically proven @entity2 were reviewed. Preoperative data, post-operative complications, pathologic features, and survival were investigated. RESULTS: Among 50 histologically proven @entity7 (3.3  %), 4 @entity0 who underwent CBD resection were excluded. Thus, the study population consisted of 46 @entity0 . Overall surgical morbidity rate was 67.4  %; mortality was nil. @entity4 were @entity8 (47.8  %), abdominal collections (34.8  %), post-pancreatectomy @entity5 (21.7  %), and delayed @entity3 (10.9  %). The majority of resections were R0 (73.9  %). The presence of metastatic lymph nodes (N1) was identified in 76.1  % of cases. Among N1 cases, the most frequently involved lymph nodes were pancreaticoduodenal nodes (50  %), hepatoduodenal ligament nodes (21.7  %), superior mesenteric artery nodes (8.7  %), and anterior hepatic artery nodes (4.3  %). Overall, survival rates were 88.8, 40, and 18  % at 1, 3, and 5  years, respectively. Median survival was 31  months. By univariate analysis, only @entity1 grading and nodal metastasis were predictors of poor prognosis (p   <   0.05). These findings were not confirmed in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that @entity7 is a rare entity even if large surgical series are reviewed. @entity1 differentiation and nodal status have been confirmed as important prognostic factors. Pancreaticoduodenectomy remains the procedure of choice in order to obtain free surgical margins and in order to harvest the correct number of lymph nodes for a correct staging.

title: Pancreaticoduodenectomy for XXXX : surgical results, prognostic factors, and long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Selective @entity5 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used to manage antenatal @entity3 . Hence, the aim of this systematic review is to assess the prevalence of @entity4 associated with pregnancy exposure to such agents and summarize the hypothesized teratogenic mechanisms. Areas covered: Medical literature published in English (1980 - June 2015) was electronically searched to identify all articles reporting an increased prevalence of @entity4 associated with prenatal SSRI exposure and hypothesizing teratogenic mechanisms. Expert opinion: The only recurrent pattern of @entity1 associated with antenatal SSRI exposure is @entity2 . SSRIs may alter the function of @entity5 and related receptors which are involved in the development of the @entity6 -dependent @entity2 . Nevertheless, the magnitude of this increase and, thus, its clinical significance are unclear. Therefore, a cautious approach of using SSRI during pregnancy only in the case of major @entity3 episodes should be applied. However, this risk should be balanced against the risks associated with the worsening of @entity3 , and take into consideration the large number of studies that found no associations between transplacental SSRI exposure and @entity2 . Prenatal ultrasonography and Doppler sonography to detect early @entity2 are also advisable. Non-pharmacological approaches are preferred for less severe @entity0 .

title: Early pregnancy exposure to selective XXXX reuptake inhibitors, risks of @entity4 , and hypothesized teratogenic mechanisms.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Selective @entity5 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used to manage antenatal @entity3 . Hence, the aim of this systematic review is to assess the prevalence of @entity4 associated with pregnancy exposure to such agents and summarize the hypothesized teratogenic mechanisms. Areas covered: Medical literature published in English (1980 - June 2015) was electronically searched to identify all articles reporting an increased prevalence of @entity4 associated with prenatal SSRI exposure and hypothesizing teratogenic mechanisms. Expert opinion: The only recurrent pattern of @entity1 associated with antenatal SSRI exposure is @entity2 . SSRIs may alter the function of @entity5 and related receptors which are involved in the development of the @entity6 -dependent @entity2 . Nevertheless, the magnitude of this increase and, thus, its clinical significance are unclear. Therefore, a cautious approach of using SSRI during pregnancy only in the case of major @entity3 episodes should be applied. However, this risk should be balanced against the risks associated with the worsening of @entity3 , and take into consideration the large number of studies that found no associations between transplacental SSRI exposure and @entity2 . Prenatal ultrasonography and Doppler sonography to detect early @entity2 are also advisable. Non-pharmacological approaches are preferred for less severe @entity0 .

title: Early pregnancy exposure to selective @entity5 reuptake inhibitors, risks of XXXX , and hypothesized teratogenic mechanisms.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The VH gene repertoire of @entity0 peripheral B cells was analyzed using PCR analysis of individual blood B cells. Because genomic DNA of single B cells was analyzed, data from both productive and nonproductive VDJ rearrangements were obtained. Nine out of 75 B cells contained both functional and nonfunctional rearrangement products, whereas 62/75 had a single productive VDJ rearrangement. The distribution of VH families was ordered in accordance with the germline complexity, although a bias toward VH3 and some of its members was found. This bias was noted in both the productively and nonproductively rearranged repertoires, indicating that it resulted from molecular and not selective processes. Evidence for negative selection of certain VH3 and VH4 family members was noted in that they were found less often as productive than nonproductive VDJ rearrangements. In addition, evidence for positive selection based on @entity1 was obtained, in that JH6 and @entity2 were found at a higher frequency in the productively compared with the nonproductively rearranged repertoire. The @entity1 segments were markedly heterogenous, with a much greater degree of variability noted in the nonproductive VDJ rearrangements. Finally, a much greater frequency of mutations was noted in the nonproductively rearranged VH genes within individual B cells. These results have begun to delineate the @entity0 peripheral B cell repertoire and identify processes that shape it both positively and negatively.

title: Analysis of the heavy chain repertoire of XXXX peripheral B cells using single-cell polymerase chain reaction.

answer: @entity0