abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a separate pathological entity, distinct from pure @entity3 ( @entity3 ). @entity3 is a true invasive @entity0 with a well-known metastatic potential. Currently, there is controversy regarding the indication for complete axillary dissection (CAD) to stage the axilla in @entity1 with @entity3 . The role of CAD is questioned given its morbidity and reported low incidence of axillary involvement. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) may obviate the need for CAD in these @entity1 without compromising the staging of the axilla and the important prognostic information. METHODS: From March 1996 to December 2002, 4602 consecutive @entity1 with invasive @entity0 underwent @entity4 biopsy. Of these, 41 @entity1 with @entity3 were selected. RESULTS: @entity2 in the @entity4 were detected in 4 of 41 (9.7%) @entity1 . Two of the 4 @entity1 had only micrometastasis in the @entity4 . In three @entity1 , the @entity4 was the only positive node after CAD. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 biopsy should be considered as a standard procedure in @entity3 @entity1 . SLNB can detect nodal micrometastasis and accurately stage the axilla avoiding the morbidity of a CAD. Complete AD may not be mandatory if only the @entity4 contains micrometastatic disease. Informed consent is very important in the decision not to undergo CAD.

title: Sentinel lymph node @entity2 in microinvasive XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a separate pathological entity, distinct from pure @entity3 ( @entity3 ). @entity3 is a true invasive @entity0 with a well-known metastatic potential. Currently, there is controversy regarding the indication for complete axillary dissection (CAD) to stage the axilla in @entity1 with @entity3 . The role of CAD is questioned given its morbidity and reported low incidence of axillary involvement. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) may obviate the need for CAD in these @entity1 without compromising the staging of the axilla and the important prognostic information. METHODS: From March 1996 to December 2002, 4602 consecutive @entity1 with invasive @entity0 underwent @entity4 biopsy. Of these, 41 @entity1 with @entity3 were selected. RESULTS: @entity2 in the @entity4 were detected in 4 of 41 (9.7%) @entity1 . Two of the 4 @entity1 had only micrometastasis in the @entity4 . In three @entity1 , the @entity4 was the only positive node after CAD. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 biopsy should be considered as a standard procedure in @entity3 @entity1 . SLNB can detect nodal micrometastasis and accurately stage the axilla avoiding the morbidity of a CAD. Complete AD may not be mandatory if only the @entity4 contains micrometastatic disease. Informed consent is very important in the decision not to undergo CAD.

title: Sentinel lymph node XXXX in microinvasive @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Curative resection does not always equate with long-term survival. The aim was to identify patterns and predictors of failure and independent factors of prognosis after curative resection. METHODS: Sixty-six @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent surgical intervention were reviewed. Fifty-nine @entity0 underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Cox regression analysis, log-rank test, Fisher exact test, or chi(2) test was used. RESULTS: No @entity0 died as a result of surgery; major complications occurred in three, and the 5-year survival rate after curative resection (n = 55) was 52.6%. Significant survival predictors were preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen level; gross @entity2 appearance; @entity2 , node, and @entity2 node @entity1 stage; and microscopic lymphatic vessel and venous invasion in the @entity2 . Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lymphatic vessel invasion, @entity2 , and @entity2 node @entity1 stage were significant independent prognostic factors. No @entity0 experienced locoregional failure alone; all 24 relapsed @entity0 had distant failure, and six of them had both. The liver was the most frequent metastatic organ, followed by nodes, peritoneum, lung, and bone. The carcinoembryonic antigen and @entity4 antigen levels and lymphatic vessel and venous invasion were significant predictors of distant failure, and the mean time to relapse was 13 (range, 0.7-33) months. CONCLUSIONS: Curative resection is associated with significant survival; however, effective systemic adjuvant therapy is needed to prevent distant failure for @entity0 with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen and @entity4 antigen levels or positive lymphatic vessel or venous invasion. A 3-year follow-up period would be necessary to document relapses.

title: Patterns and predictors of failure after curative resections of XXXX of the ampulla of Vater.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Coagulation and complement activation represent key events in ischaemia-reperfusion-induced @entity0 leading to delayed graft function (DGF). It is still unclear whether the coagulation cascade may also influence the acquired immunity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of @entity14 ( @entity14 ), the main @entity3 receptor, by graft-infiltrating dendritic cells (DCs), and to evaluate whether @entity3 may influence DCs complement production and T-cell response. METHODS: @entity14 , @entity12 , @entity8 , @entity15 , fibrin, C3c and @entity13 protein expression were evaluated by confocal microscopy. Cultured DCs were obtained incubating monocytes (Ms) with @entity9 and @entity7 . DC maturation was obtained with @entity2 +sCD40L or with a cytokine cocktail ( @entity6 , @entity1 , PGE2, @entity4 ). @entity14 protein expression on cultured DC was evaluated by flow-cytometry. Complement receptors, C3, IL12/IL17p40 and @entity5 gene expression was evaluated by qPCR. T cell phenotype was evaluated by ELISPOT. @entity2 protein presence was evaluated by ELISA. RESULTS: @entity14 was expressed by infiltrating myeloid DCs in pre-transplant and in DGF biopsies. In DGF grafts, myeloid DCs localized within fibrin and @entity13 deposits and expressed C3c. In vitro, @entity14 protein expression was increased in monocyte-derived immature DCs and in cytokine-induced mature DCs compared to monocytes. @entity14 activation caused a time-dependent increase in C3 and complement receptors expression. Moreover, @entity3 stimulation, while reducing @entity5 mRNA abundance, induced interleukin-12/IL-17 p40 gene expression, and promoted @entity11 ability to increase interleukin-12/ @entity10 mRNA abundance. These changes in the DCs' cytokine pattern influenced their ability to induce interferon-g production by T cells, suggesting the activation of a T helper-1 bias. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that @entity14 is expressed by DCs in DGF grafts and its activation may induce complement production and a Th1 bias. This observation suggests a potential pathogenic link between DGF and acquired allo-response leading to graft damage.

title: XXXX may modulate dendritic cells activation in kidney transplant recipients with delayed graft function.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Stabilization of neuronal activity by homeostatic control systems is fundamental for proper functioning of neural circuits. @entity4 has been hypothesized to underlie common pathophysiological mechanisms in a variety of @entity1 . However, the key molecules regulating homeostasis in central @entity0 neural circuits remain obscure. Here, we show that selective inactivation of GABAB, but not GABAA, receptors impairs firing rate homeostasis by disrupting synaptic homeostatic plasticity in hippocampal networks. Pharmacological GABAB receptor (GABABR) blockade or genetic deletion of the GB1a receptor subunit disrupts homeostatic regulation of synaptic vesicle release. GABABRs mediate adaptive presynaptic enhancement to neuronal inactivity by two principle mechanisms: First, neuronal silencing promotes syntaxin-1 switch from a closed to an open conformation to accelerate soluble @entity6 -sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex assembly, and second, it boosts spike-evoked presynaptic @entity3 flux. In both cases, neuronal inactivity removes tonic block imposed by the presynaptic, GB1a-containing receptors on syntaxin-1 opening and @entity3 entry to enhance probability of vesicle fusion. We identified the GB1a intracellular domain essential for the presynaptic homeostatic response by tuning intermolecular interactions among the receptor, syntaxin-1, and the @entity7 channel. The presynaptic adaptations were accompanied by scaling of excitatory quantal amplitude via the postsynaptic, GB1b-containing receptors. Thus, GABABRs sense chronic perturbations in @entity5 levels and transduce it to homeostatic changes in synaptic strength. Our results reveal a novel role for GABABR as a key regulator of population firing stability and propose that disruption of homeostatic synaptic plasticity may underlie @entity2 's persistence in the absence of functional GABABRs.

title: GABAB receptor deficiency causes XXXX in hippocampal networks.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: On sentinel lymph node navigation surgery for early @entity1 , to gain high sensitivity and specificity, the sentinel nodes should be detected bilaterally and pathological diagnosis should be sensitive to detect micrometastasis. To improve these problems, we tried tissue rinse liquid-based cytology and the photodynamic eye. METHODS: From 2005 to 2013, 102 @entity0 with Stage @entity4 uterine cervical @entity2 were subjected to sentinel lymph node navigation surgery with @entity3 -99 m colloid and blue dye. For the recent 11 @entity0 with whom bilateral sentinel node detection was not available, the photodynamic eye was selectively examined. The detected sentinel node was cut along the minor axis into 2 mm slices, soaked in 10 ml CytoRich red and then subjected to tissue rinse liquid-based cytology at the time of surgery. RESULTS: With the accumulation of 102 @entity4 @entity0 subjected to sentinel lymph node navigation surgery, the bilateral sentinel node detection rate was 67.7%. The photodynamic eye was examined for the recent 11 @entity0 who did not have bilateral signals. Out of the 11, 10 @entity0 obtained bilateral signals successfully. During the period of examining the photodynamic eye, a total of 34 @entity0 were subjected to sentinel lymph node navigation surgery. Thus, the overall bilateral detection rate increased to 97% in this subset. Two hundred and five lymph nodes were available as sentinel nodes. The sensitivity of tissue rinse liquid-based cytology was 91.7%, and the specificity was 100%. False positivity was 0% and false negativity was 8.3%. Detection failure was observed only with one micrometastasis and one case of @entity2 cells. CONCLUSION: Combination of photodynamic eye detection and tissue rinse liquid-based cytology pathology can be a promising method for more rewarding sentinel node detection.

title: Availability of tissue rinse liquid-based cytology for the rapid diagnosis of sentinel lymph node XXXX and improved bilateral detection by photodynamic eye camera.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The authors report their experience with the treatment of @entity1 and circumferential mucosal rectal prolapse with the use of a mechanical suturing device, according to the Longo technique. Over the period from March 98 to December 2000, 106 @entity0 were treated with the above-mentioned procedure (100 @entity0 for haemorrhoids and 6 for circumferential prolapse). Twenty-one @entity0 had grade 4, 77 grade 3 and only 2 grade 2 disease. One hundred @entity0 were followed up over a median period of 16.5 months (for the group with haemorrhoids) and 19 months (for the prolapse group). In 81% of cases the procedure was one-day surgery. Mucohaemorrhoidectomy with a stapler was well tolerated in terms of severity of postoperative symptomatology: in 42% of the @entity0 operated on there was no need for any analgesic treatment. The time to return to work was 9.9 days for self-employed subjects and 15.6 days for the others. Refinement of the procedure and better @entity0 selection may improve the results achieved with this technique. Stapled haemorrhoidectomy may be regarded as a sound technique that should be part of the surgeon's armamentarium. We suggest an "eclectic" approach whereby the stapling procedure may be included among the possible therapeutic options, with a view to optimising the choice of therapy for each individual @entity0 .

title: [Our experience in the treatment of XXXX and circumferential mucosal rectal prolapse using Longo muco-prolapsectomy ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Endothelins (ETs) participate directly and indirectly in angiogenesis via ET receptors. During early fetal angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR) and fms-like @entity1 kinase-1 (Flt-1) are required for the development of the systemic vasculature. In late angiogenesis, stromal-cell-derived factor (SDF-1) and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) act in an organ-specific manner to promote the formation and development of large blood vessels supplying the gastrointestinal tract. We studied the roles of these ligand receptors in angiogenesis during @entity5 . We studied the following five groups, each consisting of ten cases of endoscopically confirmed gastric @entity2 : active stage (GA), @entity0 ( @entity3 ) of @entity5 located in the angulus; @entity4 (Hp)-positive @entity6 (gast+); and Hp-negative @entity6 (gast-). All cases in the @entity2 groups were Hp-positive. The study materials consisted of frozen biopsy specimens of lesions arising in the angulus. ET-1 was measured by enzyme immunoassay. The other factors were assayed by reverse-transcription-PCR. The distributions of ET-1, ETA receptor (ETAR), SDF-1 and CXCR4 in the gastric mucosa were evaluated by enzyme immunoassay. ET-1 and ETAR reached peak levels during the GH (ET: P<0.05, ETAR: P<0.01). VEGF mRNA increased slightly during the GA, but did not differ significantly among the groups. KDR and Flt-1 levels were high during the GA, the level being significantly higher than those during the GH and @entity3 (P<0.05). SDF-1 levels significantly decreased during the GH and @entity3 compared with levels during the GA, and CXCR4 significantly increased during the GH and @entity3 (P<0.01). On immunostaining, ET-1-positive cells and ETAR-positive cells were found in the endothelium, vascular smooth muscle and gastric epithelium, and CXCR4-positive cells were found in the endothelium and gastric epithelium during the GH and @entity3 . Our results suggest that VEGF receptors are mainly expressed early in @entity2 development and participate in the initial stage of angiogenesis. SDF-1 receptors and ETAR are primarily expressed during the GH and @entity3 and are involved in vascular maturation and gastric mucosal regeneration during late angiogenesis.

title: Roles of angiogenic factors and endothelin-1 in gastric XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is a @entity1 protease that plays a critical role in fibrinolysis, which is a process that prevents @entity5 from growing and becoming problematic. Recombinant @entity0 microplasminogen (rh @entity3 ) is a derivative of @entity3 that solely consists of the catalytic domain of @entity0 @entity3 and lacks the five kringle domains found in the native protein. Developing an industrial production method that provides high yields of this protein with high purity, quality, and potency is critical for preclinical research. RESULTS: The @entity0 microplasminogen gene was cloned into the pPIC9K vector, and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into @entity7 . The concentration of @entity3 reached 510.1  mg/L of culture medium. Under fermentation conditions, the yield of rh @entity3 was 1.0  g/L. We purified rh @entity3 to 96  % purity by gel-filtration and cation-exchange chromatography. The specific activity of rh @entity3 reached 23.6 U/mg. The K m of substrate hydrolysis by recombinant @entity0 microplasmin was comparable to that of @entity0 @entity3 , while rh Plm had higher k cat /Km values than @entity3 . The high purity and activity of the rh @entity3 obtained here will likely prove to be a valuable tool for studies of its application in @entity2 and @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Reliable rh @entity3 production (for use in therapeutic applications) is feasible using genetically modified @entity6 as a host strain. The successful expression of rh @entity3 in @entity6 lays a solid foundation for its downstream application.

title: High-level expression, purification, and enzymatic characterization of truncated XXXX plasminogen (Lys531-Asn791) in the methylotrophic yeast @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is a @entity1 protease that plays a critical role in fibrinolysis, which is a process that prevents @entity5 from growing and becoming problematic. Recombinant @entity0 microplasminogen (rh @entity3 ) is a derivative of @entity3 that solely consists of the catalytic domain of @entity0 @entity3 and lacks the five kringle domains found in the native protein. Developing an industrial production method that provides high yields of this protein with high purity, quality, and potency is critical for preclinical research. RESULTS: The @entity0 microplasminogen gene was cloned into the pPIC9K vector, and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into @entity7 . The concentration of @entity3 reached 510.1  mg/L of culture medium. Under fermentation conditions, the yield of rh @entity3 was 1.0  g/L. We purified rh @entity3 to 96  % purity by gel-filtration and cation-exchange chromatography. The specific activity of rh @entity3 reached 23.6 U/mg. The K m of substrate hydrolysis by recombinant @entity0 microplasmin was comparable to that of @entity0 @entity3 , while rh Plm had higher k cat /Km values than @entity3 . The high purity and activity of the rh @entity3 obtained here will likely prove to be a valuable tool for studies of its application in @entity2 and @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Reliable rh @entity3 production (for use in therapeutic applications) is feasible using genetically modified @entity6 as a host strain. The successful expression of rh @entity3 in @entity6 lays a solid foundation for its downstream application.

title: High-level expression, purification, and enzymatic characterization of truncated @entity0 plasminogen (Lys531-Asn791) in the methylotrophic yeast XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Two neonatal male @entity4 ( @entity4 ) littermates were submitted for necropsy examination. One animal was found dead with no prior signs of illness; the other had a brief history of laboured breathing. Post-mortem examination revealed disseminated @entity1 . To further characterize the causative agent, @entity0 ( @entity0 ), immunohistochemistry (IHC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplification and nucleic acid sequencing were performed. IHC was negative for @entity2 and Neospora caninum, but was positive for a Sarcocystis spp. @entity0 of cardiac muscle and lung revealed numerous intracellular apicomplexan protozoa within parasitophorous vacuoles. PCR and nucleic acid sequencing of partial 18S rRNA and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 region confirmed a Sarcocystis spp. that shared 99% sequence homology to Sarcocystis neurona and Sarcocystis dasypi. This represents the first report of @entity3 in @entity4 . The histopathological, immunohistochemical, molecular and ultrastructural findings are supportive of vertical transmission resulting in fatal disseminated disease.

title: Sarcocystis spp. Infection in two XXXX Cubs ( @entity4 ).

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Two neonatal male @entity4 ( @entity4 ) littermates were submitted for necropsy examination. One animal was found dead with no prior signs of illness; the other had a brief history of laboured breathing. Post-mortem examination revealed disseminated @entity1 . To further characterize the causative agent, @entity0 ( @entity0 ), immunohistochemistry (IHC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and amplification and nucleic acid sequencing were performed. IHC was negative for @entity2 and Neospora caninum, but was positive for a Sarcocystis spp. @entity0 of cardiac muscle and lung revealed numerous intracellular apicomplexan protozoa within parasitophorous vacuoles. PCR and nucleic acid sequencing of partial 18S rRNA and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-1 region confirmed a Sarcocystis spp. that shared 99% sequence homology to Sarcocystis neurona and Sarcocystis dasypi. This represents the first report of @entity3 in @entity4 . The histopathological, immunohistochemical, molecular and ultrastructural findings are supportive of vertical transmission resulting in fatal disseminated disease.

title: Sarcocystis spp. Infection in two @entity4 Cubs ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Describe the clinical and laboratory profile, follow-up, and outcome of a series of cases of acute @entity10 . METHOD: A retrospective analysis of suspected cases under observation in the emergency department was performed, including outpatient follow-up with the recording of @entity9 and musculoskeletal symptoms, measurement of muscle enzymes, @entity7 phosphokinase (CPK), @entity6 dehydrogenase (LDH), transaminases ( @entity13 and ALT), blood count, @entity11 , and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the acute phase and during follow-up until normalization. RESULTS: Between 2000 and 2009, 42 suspected cases were identified and 35 (27 @entity0 ) were included. The median age was 7 years and the diagnosis was reported in 89% in the first emergency visit. The observed respiratory symptoms were cough (31%), @entity12 (23%), and @entity2 (63%), with a mean duration of 4.3 days. Musculoskeletal symptoms were @entity1 in the @entity3 (80%), limited ambulation (57%), gait abnormality (40%), and @entity4 in the lower limbs (71%), with a mean duration of 3.6 days. There was significant increase in CPK enzymes (5507  9180U/L), LDH (827  598U/L), and @entity13 (199  245U/L), with a tendency to @entity8 (4590  1420) leukocytes/mm(3). The complete recovery of laboratory parameters was observed in 30 days (median), and laboratory and clinical recurrence was documented in one case after 10 months. CONCLUSION: Typical symptoms with increased muscle enzymes after diagnosis of @entity5 and self-limited course of the disease were the clues to the diagnosis. The increase in muscle enzymes indicate transient myotropic activity related to seasonal @entity5 , which should be considered, regardless of the viral identification, possibly associated with @entity5 virus or other respiratory viruses.

title: Clinical and laboratory description of a series of cases of acute XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Autophagy is a protective and life-sustaining process in which cytoplasmic components are packaged into double-membrane vesicles and targeted to lysosomes for degradation. This process of cellular self-digestion is an essential stress response and is cytoprotective by removing damaged organelles and proteins that threaten the cell's survival. Key outcomes include energy generation and recycling of metabolic precursors. In the immune system, autophagy regulates processes such as antigen uptake and presentation, removal of pathogens, survival of short- and long-lived immune cells, and cytokine-dependent @entity3 . In all cases, a window of optimal autophagic activity appears critical to balance catabolic, reparative, and @entity3 -inducing processes. Dysregulation of autophagosome formation and autophagic flux can have deleterious consequences, ranging from a failure to "clean house" to the induction of autophagy-induced cell death. Abnormalities in the autophagic pathway have been implicated in numerous @entity5 . Genome-wide association studies have linked polymorphisms in autophagy-related genes with predisposition for tissue-destructive inflammatory disease, specifically in @entity2 and @entity6 . Although the precise mechanisms by which dysfunctional autophagy renders the host susceptible to @entity3 remain unclear, autophagy's role in regulating the long-term survival of adaptive immune cells has recently surfaced as a defect in @entity1 and @entity4 . Efforts are underway to identify autophagy-inducing and autophagy-suppressing pharmacologic interventions that can be added to immunosuppressive therapy to improve outcomes of @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: Autophagy in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: A low expression level of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor @entity5 is associated with high @entity2 and poor prognosis of @entity3 . @entity0 @entity8 ( @entity8 ), as well as @entity7 ( @entity7 ), is an essential and specific factor in the @entity5 proteolysis by @entity6 ( @entity7 ) ubiquitin ligase. The purpose of this study is to clarify the clinical significance of @entity8 expression and the relationship between @entity8 and @entity5 expression in @entity4 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We measured @entity8 expression using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR in 76 @entity0 @entity4 and @entity5 expression using immunohistochemistry in 28 cases. Moreover, we established @entity8 - and/or @entity7 -transfected @entity4 cell lines and assessed the relationship between @entity8 , @entity7 , and @entity5 expression using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot analysis. RESULTS: @entity8 high expression was correlated with poor prognosis (P < 0.05) and @entity8 expression was inversely correlated with the expression level of @entity5 protein in @entity4 (P < 0.05). Using combined @entity7 data [T-a. Masuda, @entity1 Res., 62: 3819-3825, 2002], 88.9% of the @entity8 / @entity7 double-high cases expressed a low level of @entity5 protein and showed the poorest prognosis (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that @entity8 / @entity7 -cotransfected cells expressed a much lower level of @entity5 protein than the controls. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that @entity8 , as well as @entity7 , regulates the expression level of @entity5 protein in @entity4 . @entity8 could play an important role in @entity4 progression and would be a novel target for the treatment of @entity4 as well as a strong prognostic marker.

title: Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 gene expression is associated with poor prognosis in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: We used @entity3 from an H2-K/V-JUN transgenic @entity2 to derive a series of three immortal cell lines (JUN-1, -2, and -3). The cell lines exhibit strikingly different behavior regarding phenotype transformation. Features examined include contact inhibition and density limitation of growth, proliferation, @entity0 , motility, and organization of the microfilament system. Overall, JUN-2 and JUN-3 represent extreme phenotypes, with JUN-2 having a phenotype indicative of low-level cellular transformation and JUN-3 meeting all the criteria of the transformed phenotype. JUN-1 cells can also be regarded as transformed, but to a lesser extent than JUN-3. Their phenotype is in the majority of characteristics intermediary between JUN-2 and JUN-3. The transformation status is inversely related to the expression of the V-JUN transgene, which is the highest in JUN-2, lower in JUN-1 and very low in JUN-3. This might be related to the MHC class I promoter driving its expression and to the general observation of repression of MHC class I genes coupled with cellular transformation. Based on this premise, we present a model of H2-K/V-JUN-mediated tumorigenesis, in which v-jun-conditioned transformation represents merely an initial phase of tumorigenesis. Later during @entity1 progression, additional oncogenes are activated and/or @entity1 suppressor genes inactivated, leading on the one hand to further exacerbation of the transformed phenotype, and on the other hand to the repression of the H2-K/V-JUN transgene (fixed in JUN-3). We believe that the system of JUN cell lines can be valuable for further molecular analysis of transformation-related traits.

title: Establishment and characterization of clonal cell lines derived from a XXXX of the H2-K/V-JUN transgenic @entity2 . A model of H2-K/V-JUN mediated tumorigenesis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We used @entity3 from an H2-K/V-JUN transgenic @entity2 to derive a series of three immortal cell lines (JUN-1, -2, and -3). The cell lines exhibit strikingly different behavior regarding phenotype transformation. Features examined include contact inhibition and density limitation of growth, proliferation, @entity0 , motility, and organization of the microfilament system. Overall, JUN-2 and JUN-3 represent extreme phenotypes, with JUN-2 having a phenotype indicative of low-level cellular transformation and JUN-3 meeting all the criteria of the transformed phenotype. JUN-1 cells can also be regarded as transformed, but to a lesser extent than JUN-3. Their phenotype is in the majority of characteristics intermediary between JUN-2 and JUN-3. The transformation status is inversely related to the expression of the V-JUN transgene, which is the highest in JUN-2, lower in JUN-1 and very low in JUN-3. This might be related to the MHC class I promoter driving its expression and to the general observation of repression of MHC class I genes coupled with cellular transformation. Based on this premise, we present a model of H2-K/V-JUN-mediated tumorigenesis, in which v-jun-conditioned transformation represents merely an initial phase of tumorigenesis. Later during @entity1 progression, additional oncogenes are activated and/or @entity1 suppressor genes inactivated, leading on the one hand to further exacerbation of the transformed phenotype, and on the other hand to the repression of the H2-K/V-JUN transgene (fixed in JUN-3). We believe that the system of JUN cell lines can be valuable for further molecular analysis of transformation-related traits.

title: Establishment and characterization of clonal cell lines derived from a @entity3 of the H2-K/V-JUN transgenic XXXX . A model of H2-K/V-JUN mediated tumorigenesis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Age-related loss of functional muscle mass is associated with reduced functional ability and life expectancy. In disseminated @entity1 , age-related @entity2 may be exacerbated by @entity4 and poor nutritional intake, increasing functional decline, morbidity and accelerate death. @entity0 with spinal metastases frequently present for decompressive surgery with decision to operate based upon functional assessment. A subjective assessment of physical performance has, however, been shown to be a poor indicator of life expectancy in these @entity0 . We aimed to develop an objective measure based upon lean muscle mass to aid decision making, in these individuals, by investigating the association between muscle mass and 1-year survival. METHODS: Muscle mass was calculated as total psoas area (TPA)/ vertebral body area (VBA), by two independent blinded doctors from CT images, acquired within 7  days of spinal metastases surgery, at the mid L3 vertebral level. Outcome at 1  year following surgery was recorded from a prospectively updated metastatic @entity3 database. RESULTS: 86 @entity0 were followed for 1  year, with an overall mortality of 39.5  %. Mortality rates at 1  year were significantly high among @entity0 in the lowest quartile of muscle mass, compared with those in the highest quartile (57.1 vs 23.8  %, p  =  0.02). CONCLUSION: Death within 1  year in individuals with spinal metastases is related to lean muscle mass at presentation. Assessment of lean muscle mass may inform decision to operate in @entity0 with spinal metastases.

title: Study investigating the role of skeletal muscle mass estimation in metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Although there is no current evidence for ras gene mutation in @entity2 , there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that deregulated intracellular signalling pathways are involved in @entity2 pathogenesis. The various components of the linear Raf/ @entity5 / @entity4 signalling pathway have been implicated in various @entity1 . We therefore investigated the role of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in the proliferation of @entity0 normal choroidal melanocytes (NCM) and cells from the ocular @entity2 ( @entity8 ) cell line. @entity8 cells proliferated four times faster than NCM. High basal activation of the @entity5 / @entity4 module was observed in unstimulated @entity8 cells, whereas rapid and persistent activation was detected after serum stimulation, throughout the 24-h period of culture. In contrast, the activation of @entity5 / @entity4 was barely detectable in unstimulated NCM and occurred late (6 h) after the stimulation of cell proliferation. Inhibition of @entity6 and MEK1/2 activation by pharmacological approaches and of the production of @entity6 and ERK1/2 by antisense oligonucleotide approaches demonstrated that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module controlled proliferation in @entity8 cells, but not in NCM. @entity8 cells produced very low levels of @entity7 , whereas NCM produced constant, high levels of @entity7 . The inhibition of @entity6 or MEK1/2 induced a large increase in @entity7 in @entity8 cells, associated with an arrest of cell proliferation. Levels of @entity3 production were high and constant in @entity8 cells and low in NCM, in contrast to what was observed for @entity7 . The inhibition of both @entity6 and MEK1/2 induced a decrease in @entity3 production and downregulated @entity3 activity by preventing @entity3 phosphorylation in @entity8 cells. We conclude that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module control the production of both @entity7 and @entity3 , and the activation of @entity3 for @entity8 cell proliferation.

title: Opposite long-term regulation of @entity3 and @entity7 through overactivation of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in proliferating @entity0 XXXX cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Although there is no current evidence for ras gene mutation in @entity2 , there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that deregulated intracellular signalling pathways are involved in @entity2 pathogenesis. The various components of the linear Raf/ @entity5 / @entity4 signalling pathway have been implicated in various @entity1 . We therefore investigated the role of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in the proliferation of @entity0 normal choroidal melanocytes (NCM) and cells from the ocular @entity2 ( @entity8 ) cell line. @entity8 cells proliferated four times faster than NCM. High basal activation of the @entity5 / @entity4 module was observed in unstimulated @entity8 cells, whereas rapid and persistent activation was detected after serum stimulation, throughout the 24-h period of culture. In contrast, the activation of @entity5 / @entity4 was barely detectable in unstimulated NCM and occurred late (6 h) after the stimulation of cell proliferation. Inhibition of @entity6 and MEK1/2 activation by pharmacological approaches and of the production of @entity6 and ERK1/2 by antisense oligonucleotide approaches demonstrated that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module controlled proliferation in @entity8 cells, but not in NCM. @entity8 cells produced very low levels of @entity7 , whereas NCM produced constant, high levels of @entity7 . The inhibition of @entity6 or MEK1/2 induced a large increase in @entity7 in @entity8 cells, associated with an arrest of cell proliferation. Levels of @entity3 production were high and constant in @entity8 cells and low in NCM, in contrast to what was observed for @entity7 . The inhibition of both @entity6 and MEK1/2 induced a decrease in @entity3 production and downregulated @entity3 activity by preventing @entity3 phosphorylation in @entity8 cells. We conclude that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module control the production of both @entity7 and @entity3 , and the activation of @entity3 for @entity8 cell proliferation.

title: Opposite long-term regulation of @entity3 and @entity7 through overactivation of XXXX and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in proliferating @entity0 @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Although there is no current evidence for ras gene mutation in @entity2 , there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that deregulated intracellular signalling pathways are involved in @entity2 pathogenesis. The various components of the linear Raf/ @entity5 / @entity4 signalling pathway have been implicated in various @entity1 . We therefore investigated the role of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in the proliferation of @entity0 normal choroidal melanocytes (NCM) and cells from the ocular @entity2 ( @entity8 ) cell line. @entity8 cells proliferated four times faster than NCM. High basal activation of the @entity5 / @entity4 module was observed in unstimulated @entity8 cells, whereas rapid and persistent activation was detected after serum stimulation, throughout the 24-h period of culture. In contrast, the activation of @entity5 / @entity4 was barely detectable in unstimulated NCM and occurred late (6 h) after the stimulation of cell proliferation. Inhibition of @entity6 and MEK1/2 activation by pharmacological approaches and of the production of @entity6 and ERK1/2 by antisense oligonucleotide approaches demonstrated that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module controlled proliferation in @entity8 cells, but not in NCM. @entity8 cells produced very low levels of @entity7 , whereas NCM produced constant, high levels of @entity7 . The inhibition of @entity6 or MEK1/2 induced a large increase in @entity7 in @entity8 cells, associated with an arrest of cell proliferation. Levels of @entity3 production were high and constant in @entity8 cells and low in NCM, in contrast to what was observed for @entity7 . The inhibition of both @entity6 and MEK1/2 induced a decrease in @entity3 production and downregulated @entity3 activity by preventing @entity3 phosphorylation in @entity8 cells. We conclude that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module control the production of both @entity7 and @entity3 , and the activation of @entity3 for @entity8 cell proliferation.

title: Opposite long-term regulation of @entity3 and XXXX through overactivation of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in proliferating @entity0 @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Although there is no current evidence for ras gene mutation in @entity2 , there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that deregulated intracellular signalling pathways are involved in @entity2 pathogenesis. The various components of the linear Raf/ @entity5 / @entity4 signalling pathway have been implicated in various @entity1 . We therefore investigated the role of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in the proliferation of @entity0 normal choroidal melanocytes (NCM) and cells from the ocular @entity2 ( @entity8 ) cell line. @entity8 cells proliferated four times faster than NCM. High basal activation of the @entity5 / @entity4 module was observed in unstimulated @entity8 cells, whereas rapid and persistent activation was detected after serum stimulation, throughout the 24-h period of culture. In contrast, the activation of @entity5 / @entity4 was barely detectable in unstimulated NCM and occurred late (6 h) after the stimulation of cell proliferation. Inhibition of @entity6 and MEK1/2 activation by pharmacological approaches and of the production of @entity6 and ERK1/2 by antisense oligonucleotide approaches demonstrated that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module controlled proliferation in @entity8 cells, but not in NCM. @entity8 cells produced very low levels of @entity7 , whereas NCM produced constant, high levels of @entity7 . The inhibition of @entity6 or MEK1/2 induced a large increase in @entity7 in @entity8 cells, associated with an arrest of cell proliferation. Levels of @entity3 production were high and constant in @entity8 cells and low in NCM, in contrast to what was observed for @entity7 . The inhibition of both @entity6 and MEK1/2 induced a decrease in @entity3 production and downregulated @entity3 activity by preventing @entity3 phosphorylation in @entity8 cells. We conclude that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module control the production of both @entity7 and @entity3 , and the activation of @entity3 for @entity8 cell proliferation.

title: Opposite long-term regulation of XXXX and @entity7 through overactivation of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in proliferating @entity0 @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Although there is no current evidence for ras gene mutation in @entity2 , there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that deregulated intracellular signalling pathways are involved in @entity2 pathogenesis. The various components of the linear Raf/ @entity5 / @entity4 signalling pathway have been implicated in various @entity1 . We therefore investigated the role of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in the proliferation of @entity0 normal choroidal melanocytes (NCM) and cells from the ocular @entity2 ( @entity8 ) cell line. @entity8 cells proliferated four times faster than NCM. High basal activation of the @entity5 / @entity4 module was observed in unstimulated @entity8 cells, whereas rapid and persistent activation was detected after serum stimulation, throughout the 24-h period of culture. In contrast, the activation of @entity5 / @entity4 was barely detectable in unstimulated NCM and occurred late (6 h) after the stimulation of cell proliferation. Inhibition of @entity6 and MEK1/2 activation by pharmacological approaches and of the production of @entity6 and ERK1/2 by antisense oligonucleotide approaches demonstrated that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module controlled proliferation in @entity8 cells, but not in NCM. @entity8 cells produced very low levels of @entity7 , whereas NCM produced constant, high levels of @entity7 . The inhibition of @entity6 or MEK1/2 induced a large increase in @entity7 in @entity8 cells, associated with an arrest of cell proliferation. Levels of @entity3 production were high and constant in @entity8 cells and low in NCM, in contrast to what was observed for @entity7 . The inhibition of both @entity6 and MEK1/2 induced a decrease in @entity3 production and downregulated @entity3 activity by preventing @entity3 phosphorylation in @entity8 cells. We conclude that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module control the production of both @entity7 and @entity3 , and the activation of @entity3 for @entity8 cell proliferation.

title: Opposite long-term regulation of @entity3 and @entity7 through overactivation of @entity6 and the XXXX / @entity4 module in proliferating @entity0 @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Although there is no current evidence for ras gene mutation in @entity2 , there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that deregulated intracellular signalling pathways are involved in @entity2 pathogenesis. The various components of the linear Raf/ @entity5 / @entity4 signalling pathway have been implicated in various @entity1 . We therefore investigated the role of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in the proliferation of @entity0 normal choroidal melanocytes (NCM) and cells from the ocular @entity2 ( @entity8 ) cell line. @entity8 cells proliferated four times faster than NCM. High basal activation of the @entity5 / @entity4 module was observed in unstimulated @entity8 cells, whereas rapid and persistent activation was detected after serum stimulation, throughout the 24-h period of culture. In contrast, the activation of @entity5 / @entity4 was barely detectable in unstimulated NCM and occurred late (6 h) after the stimulation of cell proliferation. Inhibition of @entity6 and MEK1/2 activation by pharmacological approaches and of the production of @entity6 and ERK1/2 by antisense oligonucleotide approaches demonstrated that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module controlled proliferation in @entity8 cells, but not in NCM. @entity8 cells produced very low levels of @entity7 , whereas NCM produced constant, high levels of @entity7 . The inhibition of @entity6 or MEK1/2 induced a large increase in @entity7 in @entity8 cells, associated with an arrest of cell proliferation. Levels of @entity3 production were high and constant in @entity8 cells and low in NCM, in contrast to what was observed for @entity7 . The inhibition of both @entity6 and MEK1/2 induced a decrease in @entity3 production and downregulated @entity3 activity by preventing @entity3 phosphorylation in @entity8 cells. We conclude that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module control the production of both @entity7 and @entity3 , and the activation of @entity3 for @entity8 cell proliferation.

title: Opposite long-term regulation of @entity3 and @entity7 through overactivation of @entity6 and the @entity5 / XXXX module in proliferating @entity0 @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Although there is no current evidence for ras gene mutation in @entity2 , there is an increasing body of evidence indicating that deregulated intracellular signalling pathways are involved in @entity2 pathogenesis. The various components of the linear Raf/ @entity5 / @entity4 signalling pathway have been implicated in various @entity1 . We therefore investigated the role of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in the proliferation of @entity0 normal choroidal melanocytes (NCM) and cells from the ocular @entity2 ( @entity8 ) cell line. @entity8 cells proliferated four times faster than NCM. High basal activation of the @entity5 / @entity4 module was observed in unstimulated @entity8 cells, whereas rapid and persistent activation was detected after serum stimulation, throughout the 24-h period of culture. In contrast, the activation of @entity5 / @entity4 was barely detectable in unstimulated NCM and occurred late (6 h) after the stimulation of cell proliferation. Inhibition of @entity6 and MEK1/2 activation by pharmacological approaches and of the production of @entity6 and ERK1/2 by antisense oligonucleotide approaches demonstrated that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module controlled proliferation in @entity8 cells, but not in NCM. @entity8 cells produced very low levels of @entity7 , whereas NCM produced constant, high levels of @entity7 . The inhibition of @entity6 or MEK1/2 induced a large increase in @entity7 in @entity8 cells, associated with an arrest of cell proliferation. Levels of @entity3 production were high and constant in @entity8 cells and low in NCM, in contrast to what was observed for @entity7 . The inhibition of both @entity6 and MEK1/2 induced a decrease in @entity3 production and downregulated @entity3 activity by preventing @entity3 phosphorylation in @entity8 cells. We conclude that @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module control the production of both @entity7 and @entity3 , and the activation of @entity3 for @entity8 cell proliferation.

title: Opposite long-term regulation of @entity3 and @entity7 through overactivation of @entity6 and the @entity5 / @entity4 module in proliferating XXXX @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Objective. This study describes the clinicopathologic features and therapeutic results of 116 @entity0 with @entity10 seen over an 11-year period. Study Design. A retrospective study was carried out with hospital records and a microscopic slide review from a large dermatology department in Mexico City, Mexico. Results. The study consisted of 42 male (36.2%) and 74 female (63.8%) @entity0 , with a male to female ratio of 1:1.7. Age ranged from 9 to 82 years (mean, 27.9 years; standard deviation, 14.2). Thirty-two cases (27.6%) were found in which @entity9 was the only manifestation of this condition. @entity2 , tingling, and @entity4 of the vermilion were recorded in 96 cases (82.7%). Typical histopathologic findings included in most cases the presence of @entity8 , spongiosis, basal cell vacuolation, @entity6 with serohematic crust formation, @entity1 of the lamina propria, lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate with well-defined lymphoid follicles, and variable numbers of eosinophils and melanophages. Improvement of the symptoms was obtained in 112 cases (96.5%) with sun-protective measures and diverse antiinflammatory agents. However, complete resolution of the labial lesions were more frequently achieved with the combination of topical @entity5 , @entity7 , and sun-protective measures (42.2%) as compared with topical @entity3 therapy plus sun-protection measures (16.3%; P <.005). Conclusion. Our findings confirm that @entity11 lesions may appear as the only manifestations of this photodermatosis and that it has typical clinical and microscopic features and should therefore be considered a specific form of @entity9 .

title: XXXX : clinicopathologic analysis and therapeutic results in 116 cases.

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to profile @entity0 who were treated with high dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy for @entity5 that occurred after hysterectomy, with special reference to a rational prescription of radiation dose. STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed 13 @entity0 who were treated for posthysterectomy @entity5 by the brachytherapy as the sole treatment. The brachytherapy was delivered by a remote-controlled afterloading intracavitary radiation system. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity0 was 62 years. The total dose of absorbed radiation was 36 and 30 Gy that was prescribed at 1.0-cm depth to the vaginal surface in 3 cases and at 40 and 30 Gy that was prescribed at 0.5-cm depth in 10 cases. All @entity0 had @entity4 changes of mild to moderate grade. Three cases that were irradiated to a total dose of 30 Gy at 1.0-cm depth had @entity2 and/or macroscopic @entity3 . Complaints regarding sexual functioning were not found in this retrospective analysis. All @entity0 remain free of disease after a median follow-up period of 127 months. CONCLUSION: High dose-rate brachytherapy with a dose prescription at 0.5-cm depth can yield a promising rate of @entity1 control, with lower associated morbidity than that with a dose prescription at 1.0-cm depth in the treatment of posthysterectomy @entity5 .

title: High dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy for XXXX occurring after hysterectomy: a rational prescription of radiation dose.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: New peptide @entity10 (pENW), initially extracted from snake venom, significantly attenuates the formation of arterial and venous thrombi in vivo, and has modest in-vitro antiplatelet activity. This study was designed to investigate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: The @entity0 carotid @entity2 model induced by @entity9 was established to evaluate the antithrombotic activity of pENW. The effects of pENW on the production of @entity3 (NO), as well as the expression and activity of endothelial @entity3 synthase (eNOS), were determined. The vasorelaxant effect of pENW was evaluated using isolated @entity0 aortic rings in the absence or presence of @entity8 ( @entity8 , eNOS inhibitor). Furthermore, the in-vitro antiplatelet activity of pENW was investigated with the addition of @entity6 ( @entity7 , NO donor) and/or @entity8 to further prove the role of NO and eNOS in the inhibitory effect of pENW on @entity5 . RESULTS: In vivo, pENW inhibited @entity2 formation induced by endothelial injury in a dose-dependent manner, with a significantly prolonged time to the occurrence of @entity1 . It was shown that pENW offered protection for blood vessels from oxidative injury. pENW significantly increased NO production in @entity0 treated with pENW at 4 or 2mg/kg body weight. Furthermore, the production of NO from the cultured vascular endothelial cells was increased with the treatment of 10(-4)M and 10(-5)M pENW; pENW also enhanced eNOS expression and activity both in vivo and in vitro, and elicited a concentration-dependent vasorelaxation which was significantly inhibited by @entity8 . Notably, pENW inhibited @entity4 -induced @entity5 , and the inhibition was more significant in the presence of NO. The inhibition of @entity5 by pENW was significantly abolished by @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: The in-vivo antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of pENW are at least partly mediated by the increased production of endogenous NO via up-regulation and stimulation of eNOS. The findings suggest that pENW could potentially be developed as a novel therapeutic agent in the treatment of platelet-driven disorders.

title: Stimulation of XXXX production contributes to the antiplatelet and antithrombotic effect of new peptide pENW (pGlu-Asn-Trp).

answer: @entity3


abstract: The search for an empirically based @entity2 typology has regained the interest of researchers. To date, however, empirical inquiries have mainly been cross-sectional. In this study, an empirically based developmental typology of @entity2 was identified using data from a prospective longitudinal study of a sample of @entity0 adjudicated during their adolescence and assessed on four occasions until midlife. Cluster analyses were performed on measures of disinhibition, @entity1 , and extraversion. Four developmental types of @entity2 were identified. The first was characterized by average scores in the three traits in adolescence that decreased linearly until midlife (39%). The second type displayed very high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 in adolescence that decreased rapidly during early adulthood (24%). The third type was characterized by very high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 that remained stable until midlife, while extraversion was average during adolescence and then decreased rapidly until midlife (17%). The fourth type was characterized by high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 in adolescence that was followed by cycles of decreases and increases until midlife (20%). These four developmental types of @entity2 seemed to be related to known @entity3 trajectories.

title: Searching for a developmental typology of @entity2 and its relations to XXXX : a longitudinal study of an adjudicated @entity0 sample.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The search for an empirically based @entity2 typology has regained the interest of researchers. To date, however, empirical inquiries have mainly been cross-sectional. In this study, an empirically based developmental typology of @entity2 was identified using data from a prospective longitudinal study of a sample of @entity0 adjudicated during their adolescence and assessed on four occasions until midlife. Cluster analyses were performed on measures of disinhibition, @entity1 , and extraversion. Four developmental types of @entity2 were identified. The first was characterized by average scores in the three traits in adolescence that decreased linearly until midlife (39%). The second type displayed very high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 in adolescence that decreased rapidly during early adulthood (24%). The third type was characterized by very high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 that remained stable until midlife, while extraversion was average during adolescence and then decreased rapidly until midlife (17%). The fourth type was characterized by high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 in adolescence that was followed by cycles of decreases and increases until midlife (20%). These four developmental types of @entity2 seemed to be related to known @entity3 trajectories.

title: Searching for a developmental typology of XXXX and its relations to @entity3 : a longitudinal study of an adjudicated @entity0 sample.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The search for an empirically based @entity2 typology has regained the interest of researchers. To date, however, empirical inquiries have mainly been cross-sectional. In this study, an empirically based developmental typology of @entity2 was identified using data from a prospective longitudinal study of a sample of @entity0 adjudicated during their adolescence and assessed on four occasions until midlife. Cluster analyses were performed on measures of disinhibition, @entity1 , and extraversion. Four developmental types of @entity2 were identified. The first was characterized by average scores in the three traits in adolescence that decreased linearly until midlife (39%). The second type displayed very high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 in adolescence that decreased rapidly during early adulthood (24%). The third type was characterized by very high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 that remained stable until midlife, while extraversion was average during adolescence and then decreased rapidly until midlife (17%). The fourth type was characterized by high scores in disinhibition and @entity1 in adolescence that was followed by cycles of decreases and increases until midlife (20%). These four developmental types of @entity2 seemed to be related to known @entity3 trajectories.

title: Searching for a developmental typology of @entity2 and its relations to @entity3 : a longitudinal study of an adjudicated XXXX sample.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Interstitial and endocavitary brachytherapy are well-accepted kinds of radiotherapy that are commonly used in recurrent @entity3 . Most reports about brachytherapy in the successful treatment of @entity3 used low-dose-rate brachytherapy. There are only a few reports about high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) in @entity3 @entity0 . METHODS: After 10 years of experience with HDRBT with Ir 192, we have analyzed the results regarding response rates, survival time, and side effects. Between 1991 and 2000, 90 consecutive @entity0 (68 @entity0 , 22 @entity0 ) were treated with interstitial (68 @entity0 ) or intracavitary (22 @entity0 ) HDRBT in the head and neck area. @entity1 locations were as follows: oropharynx (n = 26), tongue/floor of mouth (n = 22), nasopharynx (n = 10), nose/paranasal sinuses (n = 9), salivary glands (n = 5), hypopharynx (n = 5), @entity5 (n = 5), and others (n = 8). High-dose-rate brachytherapy was administered in 51 @entity0 with recurrent disease and in 32 @entity0 with @entity2 after primary radiochemotherapy. Seven @entity0 were given exclusive HDRBT in a primary palliative situation. The single dose per fraction ranged from 1.5 to 7.5 Gy (median value, 5 Gy), and the total HDRBT dose ranged from 4.0 to 42.0 Gy (median value, 17.5 Gy). RESULTS: The overall remission rate was 81% with a 46% rate of complete remissions. We observed no change in or progression of @entity1 in 17 cases (19%). The rate of complete remissions (and median overall survival time) was different in the three therapy groups: in case of recurrent disease, 28% (6 mo); in case of @entity2 , 84% (25 mo); and in primary palliative brachytherapy, 0% (1 mo). Late @entity4 III and IV (radiation treatment oncology group score) occurred in 6 of 90 (6.7%) @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: High-dose-rate brachytherapy proved to be an effective treatment modality in locoregional recurrent @entity3 . In cases with persistent or @entity2 after primary radiochemotherapy a local boost with brachytherapy can improve the chance of cure of @entity1 disease.

title: High-dose-rate brachytherapy in the treatment of recurrent and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the outcomes of the surgical management of "isolated" displaced @entity2 , comparing the techniques of lateral plating and antiglide plating as described previously. DESIGN: This is a retrospective review, being largely a surgeon-randomized comparative study. SETTING: The study was carried out at a university teaching hospital that serves as a provincial @entity1 referral service and provides local community care. The senior surgeons are all orthopaedic @entity1 subspecialists. @entity0 : A total of 193 @entity0 meeting our inclusion criteria, with isolated lateral @entity2 surgically treated at the Vancouver General Hospital between 1987 and 1998, were studied. INTERVENTION: Eighty-five were treated with antiglide plating, whereas the remaining 108 @entity0 underwent traditional lateral plating. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The functional results were evaluated with the ankle scoring system described previously. We also compared the complication rates, including failure of fixation, @entity3 , wound @entity5 , and need for hardware removal. RESULTS: Both groups were comparable for age, sex distribution, mechanism of injury, and occupation. There was no difference in ankle score, function, and @entity3 rate. The incidence of wound @entity5 and reoperation for hardware removal was slightly higher in the lateral plate group, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of the surgical management of a displaced @entity4 is comparable with both techniques. Although few studies have reported some advantages using the antiglide technique, our data do not support one technique over the other.

title: Surgical treatment of a displaced XXXX : the antiglide technique versus lateral plate fixation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Ultrasonic tissue characterization of epi-aortic vessels may be useful to define the composition of @entity3 . Videodensitometry provides a histogram representing the frequency distribution of gray levels corresponding to different compositions of the carotid wall. However, lack of standardization limits the clinical application of this technique. In the present study, the echoreflectivity (ER) pattern of @entity3 in vivo was compared with their histological pattern after surgical removal, and the reproducibility of measurement was tested. DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied 19 @entity2 @entity0 with a @entity6 stenosis >or= 70%, eligible for carotid thromboendarterectomy ( @entity4 ). Before @entity4 , all @entity0 underwent standard high-resolution B-mode carotid ultrasound. ER parameters (mean gray level, @entity5 , and kurtosis) were obtained in a region of interest selected along the whole plaque, between the intima-blood and the media-adventitia interfaces. The plaques removed during @entity4 were examined by a histologist and classified into three groups on the basis of fibrous tissue (FT) content: lipidic (FT < 20%), fibrolipidic (20 <or= FT <or= 50%), and fibrous (FT > 50%). Discriminant function analysis was used to evaluate classification efficacy of different histological groups based on ER parameters. RESULTS: Histologically, five lesions were classified as lipidic, six as fibrolipidic and eight as fibrous. Analysis of variance showed significant between group differences in all ER parameters. The combined use of all ER parameters provided correct classification of plaques in 94.73% of cases (P < 0.0001), improving the classification made using single parameters. Intra-observer and inter-observer variabilities (Bland-Altman method) of mean gray level measurements were small. CONCLUSIONS: Videodensitometry can discriminate between tissue composition of @entity1 and complement the quantitative assessment of intima-media thickness by additionally providing a well-reproducible semiquantitative evaluation of vascular wall constituents.

title: Assessment of carotid plaque composition in XXXX @entity0 by ultrasonic tissue characterization: a validation study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Ultrasonic tissue characterization of epi-aortic vessels may be useful to define the composition of @entity3 . Videodensitometry provides a histogram representing the frequency distribution of gray levels corresponding to different compositions of the carotid wall. However, lack of standardization limits the clinical application of this technique. In the present study, the echoreflectivity (ER) pattern of @entity3 in vivo was compared with their histological pattern after surgical removal, and the reproducibility of measurement was tested. DESIGN AND METHODS: We studied 19 @entity2 @entity0 with a @entity6 stenosis >or= 70%, eligible for carotid thromboendarterectomy ( @entity4 ). Before @entity4 , all @entity0 underwent standard high-resolution B-mode carotid ultrasound. ER parameters (mean gray level, @entity5 , and kurtosis) were obtained in a region of interest selected along the whole plaque, between the intima-blood and the media-adventitia interfaces. The plaques removed during @entity4 were examined by a histologist and classified into three groups on the basis of fibrous tissue (FT) content: lipidic (FT < 20%), fibrolipidic (20 <or= FT <or= 50%), and fibrous (FT > 50%). Discriminant function analysis was used to evaluate classification efficacy of different histological groups based on ER parameters. RESULTS: Histologically, five lesions were classified as lipidic, six as fibrolipidic and eight as fibrous. Analysis of variance showed significant between group differences in all ER parameters. The combined use of all ER parameters provided correct classification of plaques in 94.73% of cases (P < 0.0001), improving the classification made using single parameters. Intra-observer and inter-observer variabilities (Bland-Altman method) of mean gray level measurements were small. CONCLUSIONS: Videodensitometry can discriminate between tissue composition of @entity1 and complement the quantitative assessment of intima-media thickness by additionally providing a well-reproducible semiquantitative evaluation of vascular wall constituents.

title: Assessment of carotid plaque composition in @entity2 XXXX by ultrasonic tissue characterization: a validation study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of @entity7 as add-on, long-term therapy for treatment-resistant bipolar-spectrum disorders, 34 DSM-IV bipolar-spectrum @entity0 , including @entity1 (n = 28), @entity1 (n = 3), bipolar not otherwise specified (n = 2), and @entity4 @entity1 (n = 1), considered to be resistant to treatment with @entity5 , @entity8 , and @entity6 , received increasing doses of @entity7 as adjunctive therapy for their @entity1 (n = 17), @entity2 (n = 11), hypomanic (n = 3), or mixed (n = 3) symptoms. Outcome measures included the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity2 (HAM-D), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) for Severity. @entity0 were followed up for 6 months. Twenty-five @entity0 (74%) completed the 6-month follow-up. Nine @entity0 (26%) dropped out early due to lost of follow-up (n = 4), worsening of symptoms (n = 2), side effects (n = 1), hospitalization due to intercurrent illness (n = 1), and noncompliance (n = 1). By intent-to-treat analysis, there was a significant reduction in YMRS, HAM-D, and CGI scores (p < 0.0001 for all measures at the endpoint) after the introduction of @entity7 . Most therapeutic effects appeared between weeks 2 and 6. Fifty-nine percent of @entity1 @entity0 and 55% of @entity2 @entity0 were considered to be responders to the drug, which was well tolerated; only one @entity0 discontinued due to side effects. The most common side effect was paraesthesia (n = 2). Ten @entity0 experienced moderate @entity3 during the follow-up period. The mean @entity7 dose at endpoint was 202 +/- 65 mg/day. These preliminary results indicate that adjunctive @entity7 may be useful in the long-term treatment of @entity1 , even in the most difficult-to-treat @entity0 .

title: Use of @entity7 in treatment-resistant XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of @entity7 as add-on, long-term therapy for treatment-resistant bipolar-spectrum disorders, 34 DSM-IV bipolar-spectrum @entity0 , including @entity1 (n = 28), @entity1 (n = 3), bipolar not otherwise specified (n = 2), and @entity4 @entity1 (n = 1), considered to be resistant to treatment with @entity5 , @entity8 , and @entity6 , received increasing doses of @entity7 as adjunctive therapy for their @entity1 (n = 17), @entity2 (n = 11), hypomanic (n = 3), or mixed (n = 3) symptoms. Outcome measures included the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity2 (HAM-D), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) for Severity. @entity0 were followed up for 6 months. Twenty-five @entity0 (74%) completed the 6-month follow-up. Nine @entity0 (26%) dropped out early due to lost of follow-up (n = 4), worsening of symptoms (n = 2), side effects (n = 1), hospitalization due to intercurrent illness (n = 1), and noncompliance (n = 1). By intent-to-treat analysis, there was a significant reduction in YMRS, HAM-D, and CGI scores (p < 0.0001 for all measures at the endpoint) after the introduction of @entity7 . Most therapeutic effects appeared between weeks 2 and 6. Fifty-nine percent of @entity1 @entity0 and 55% of @entity2 @entity0 were considered to be responders to the drug, which was well tolerated; only one @entity0 discontinued due to side effects. The most common side effect was paraesthesia (n = 2). Ten @entity0 experienced moderate @entity3 during the follow-up period. The mean @entity7 dose at endpoint was 202 +/- 65 mg/day. These preliminary results indicate that adjunctive @entity7 may be useful in the long-term treatment of @entity1 , even in the most difficult-to-treat @entity0 .

title: Use of XXXX in treatment-resistant @entity1 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a well known @entity0 . Isolated exostoses, on the other hand, occur as sporadic events or as secondary post-traumatic sequel. The occurrence of solitary exostoses in individuals from pedigrees affected with @entity2 may distort conclusions about carrier status and/or diagnosis. Both conditions are potentially malignant and both are associated with genetic alterations in either @entity4 or @entity5 genes. In this study, we present a seven-generation family from western Sweden consisting of 170 blood relatives, 38 of whom had multiple cartilaginous exostoses, while 8 had isolated exostoses. Linkage analysis aimed to discern one of the known @entity3 genes demonstrated linkage of the @entity2 phenotype to the @entity5 gene. Subsequent mutation analysis revealed a novel mutation, @entity6 , in this gene. All carriers of the detected mutation had multiple exostoses, indicating full penetrance. None of the pedigree members with isolated exostoses were carriers of the detected mutation. Two of the mutation carriers developed @entity1 yielding a 5.2% risk of malignant development for this mutation. The detection of this mutation has enabled us to provide appropriate genetic counseling concerning this complex situation.

title: Hereditary multiple and isolated sporadic exostoses in the same kindred: identification of the causative gene ( XXXX ) and detection of a new mutation, @entity6 , that distinguishes the two phenotypes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a well known @entity0 . Isolated exostoses, on the other hand, occur as sporadic events or as secondary post-traumatic sequel. The occurrence of solitary exostoses in individuals from pedigrees affected with @entity2 may distort conclusions about carrier status and/or diagnosis. Both conditions are potentially malignant and both are associated with genetic alterations in either @entity4 or @entity5 genes. In this study, we present a seven-generation family from western Sweden consisting of 170 blood relatives, 38 of whom had multiple cartilaginous exostoses, while 8 had isolated exostoses. Linkage analysis aimed to discern one of the known @entity3 genes demonstrated linkage of the @entity2 phenotype to the @entity5 gene. Subsequent mutation analysis revealed a novel mutation, @entity6 , in this gene. All carriers of the detected mutation had multiple exostoses, indicating full penetrance. None of the pedigree members with isolated exostoses were carriers of the detected mutation. Two of the mutation carriers developed @entity1 yielding a 5.2% risk of malignant development for this mutation. The detection of this mutation has enabled us to provide appropriate genetic counseling concerning this complex situation.

title: Hereditary multiple and isolated sporadic exostoses in the same kindred: identification of the causative gene ( @entity5 ) and detection of a new mutation, XXXX , that distinguishes the two phenotypes.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Eighty kidneys (40 left and 40 right kidneys) of @entity1 were ablated using high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), (14,300 W/cm(2), 1.0 MHz). Kidneys were randomly divided into two groups. HIFU was performed in the manner of linear scan in both groups. Prior to HIFU, normal saline solution and isovolumetric microbubble agent were administrated intravenously in groups I and II, respectively. HIFU was finished in all left kidneys and in 26/40 right ones. The therapeutic efficiency was reflected using @entity0 rate (cubic centimeters per second), which was the tissue volume of coagulative @entity0 per 1 s HIFU exposure. In both groups, predetermined volumes were damaged without harming overlying tissues. Necrosis rates were increased in group II both in left (0.0089+/-0.0107 vs. 0.0493+/-0.0777, P=0.0323) and in right (0.0039+/-0.0055 vs. 0.0162+/-0.0168, P=0.0248) kidneys. Pathological examinations confirmed that there were no intact tissue focuses within exposed regions in either group. These findings suggested that the microbubble agent improved the therapeutic efficiency of HIFU. @entity3 and @entity2 were also detected on the margin of the ablated tissues (both in cortex and medulla) in both groups.

title: A microbubble agent improves the therapeutic efficiency of high intensity focused ultrasound: a XXXX kidney study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 -induced male @entity6 @entity4 is a well-known experimental model of @entity1 @entity0 . The pathomechanism postulated in this model is 4-hydroxylation of @entity3 and further free radical formation. The same process is suspected in @entity1 @entity0 . Dynamic changes in protein peroxidation were reported during the @entity2 induction. In this paper we try to correlate the protein peroxidation markers with the histopathological progression of the changes. The biochemical and histopathological evaluations were performed after 1, 3, 6 and 9 months of the hormone exposition. Significant protein peroxidation was observed as soon as after 1 month and increased further until the 6th month. After 9 months however, it was not significantly different from the control. The discrete histopathological changes after 1 month, progressed into tubular and @entity7 after 3 and 6 months. After 9 months several @entity8 , sometimes with features of @entity5 in situ, were observed. The severe 9-month histopathological changes did not correlate with the protein peroxidation.

title: The correlation of protein peroxidation with morphological changes in experimental @entity3 -induced XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 -induced male @entity6 @entity4 is a well-known experimental model of @entity1 @entity0 . The pathomechanism postulated in this model is 4-hydroxylation of @entity3 and further free radical formation. The same process is suspected in @entity1 @entity0 . Dynamic changes in protein peroxidation were reported during the @entity2 induction. In this paper we try to correlate the protein peroxidation markers with the histopathological progression of the changes. The biochemical and histopathological evaluations were performed after 1, 3, 6 and 9 months of the hormone exposition. Significant protein peroxidation was observed as soon as after 1 month and increased further until the 6th month. After 9 months however, it was not significantly different from the control. The discrete histopathological changes after 1 month, progressed into tubular and @entity7 after 3 and 6 months. After 9 months several @entity8 , sometimes with features of @entity5 in situ, were observed. The severe 9-month histopathological changes did not correlate with the protein peroxidation.

title: The correlation of protein peroxidation with morphological changes in experimental XXXX -induced @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of @entity0 with @entity3 have cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak that may result in @entity2 . Commonly, CSF leak occurs following @entity1 , but the etiology and pattern of this disorder are different from region to region. This study aims to evaluate the distribution of CSF leak in @entity0 with maxillofacial @entity3 in Isfahan province, Iran. @entity0 AND METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 1,287 medical files of @entity0 admitted to a medical center with head and @entity1 were evaluated during a 7-year period (2004-2010). Data was obtained using descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Of the 1,278 @entity0 with head and maxillofacial @entity3 , 16 (1.25  %) males and one (0.07  %) female had CSF leak; all these cases had @entity3 . Of these, 52.9  % had maxillary @entity3 , 23.5  % nasal @entity3 , 41.1  % orbital @entity3 , 11.7  % mandibular @entity3 , 23.5  % frontal @entity3 , and 41.1  % had more than one site of @entity3 . 58.8  % had @entity6 and 41.2  % @entity4 . Of all these @entity0 with CSF leak, 8 (47  %), 2 (11.8  %), and 7 (41.2  %) cases were treated spontaneously, using lumbar drain placement, and by surgical intervention, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 was observed most frequently in @entity0 with @entity3 in the zygomatic and maxillary bone, and mostly exhibited itself as @entity6 and/or @entity4 . All cases with CSF leak had @entity3 as well. However, post-traumatic CSF leaks are uncommon and are generally treated without surgical intervention (59  %). Distribution of CSF leak varies from one region to another and knowing this fact helps to manage the injury and prevent the complications.

title: A 7-year study of 1,278 @entity0 with maxillofacial XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of @entity0 with @entity3 have cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak that may result in @entity2 . Commonly, CSF leak occurs following @entity1 , but the etiology and pattern of this disorder are different from region to region. This study aims to evaluate the distribution of CSF leak in @entity0 with maxillofacial @entity3 in Isfahan province, Iran. @entity0 AND METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 1,287 medical files of @entity0 admitted to a medical center with head and @entity1 were evaluated during a 7-year period (2004-2010). Data was obtained using descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Of the 1,278 @entity0 with head and maxillofacial @entity3 , 16 (1.25  %) males and one (0.07  %) female had CSF leak; all these cases had @entity3 . Of these, 52.9  % had maxillary @entity3 , 23.5  % nasal @entity3 , 41.1  % orbital @entity3 , 11.7  % mandibular @entity3 , 23.5  % frontal @entity3 , and 41.1  % had more than one site of @entity3 . 58.8  % had @entity6 and 41.2  % @entity4 . Of all these @entity0 with CSF leak, 8 (47  %), 2 (11.8  %), and 7 (41.2  %) cases were treated spontaneously, using lumbar drain placement, and by surgical intervention, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 was observed most frequently in @entity0 with @entity3 in the zygomatic and maxillary bone, and mostly exhibited itself as @entity6 and/or @entity4 . All cases with CSF leak had @entity3 as well. However, post-traumatic CSF leaks are uncommon and are generally treated without surgical intervention (59  %). Distribution of CSF leak varies from one region to another and knowing this fact helps to manage the injury and prevent the complications.

title: A 7-year study of 1,278 @entity0 with maxillofacial @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: A number of @entity0 with @entity3 have cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak that may result in @entity2 . Commonly, CSF leak occurs following @entity1 , but the etiology and pattern of this disorder are different from region to region. This study aims to evaluate the distribution of CSF leak in @entity0 with maxillofacial @entity3 in Isfahan province, Iran. @entity0 AND METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 1,287 medical files of @entity0 admitted to a medical center with head and @entity1 were evaluated during a 7-year period (2004-2010). Data was obtained using descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Of the 1,278 @entity0 with head and maxillofacial @entity3 , 16 (1.25  %) males and one (0.07  %) female had CSF leak; all these cases had @entity3 . Of these, 52.9  % had maxillary @entity3 , 23.5  % nasal @entity3 , 41.1  % orbital @entity3 , 11.7  % mandibular @entity3 , 23.5  % frontal @entity3 , and 41.1  % had more than one site of @entity3 . 58.8  % had @entity6 and 41.2  % @entity4 . Of all these @entity0 with CSF leak, 8 (47  %), 2 (11.8  %), and 7 (41.2  %) cases were treated spontaneously, using lumbar drain placement, and by surgical intervention, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 was observed most frequently in @entity0 with @entity3 in the zygomatic and maxillary bone, and mostly exhibited itself as @entity6 and/or @entity4 . All cases with CSF leak had @entity3 as well. However, post-traumatic CSF leaks are uncommon and are generally treated without surgical intervention (59  %). Distribution of CSF leak varies from one region to another and knowing this fact helps to manage the injury and prevent the complications.

title: A 7-year study of 1,278 XXXX with maxillofacial @entity1 and @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of @entity0 caused by natural rubber latex (NRL) @entity2 are risks for health care workers. There are few published studies to suggest that intervention programs to reduce exposure will lead to primary prevention of sensitization. OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the effects of intervention to reduce the incidence of @entity3 in personnel working in health care facilities insured by the German statutory accident insurance company for health care workers, Berufsgenossenschaft f  r Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege, with approximately 3 million insured employees, by switching to powder-free NRL gloves. METHODS: The timing of introduction of intervention strategies, such as education of both physicians and administrators, together with regulations demanding that health care facilities only purchase low-protein, powder-free NRL gloves are reported. We reviewed the annual numbers of reported suspected cases of NRL-caused @entity2 and the amount and type of gloves used in German acute-care hospitals since 1986. RESULTS: The purchase of powder-free NRL examination gloves exceeded that of powdered gloves for the first time in 1998. This only became true for powder-free NRL sterile gloves 2 years later in 2000. The incidence of suspected occupational @entity3 cases rose until 1998 and has declined steadily since. There was a 2-year lag between the beginning of the decline in the purchase of powdered NRL examination gloves and the beginning of a decline in suspected NRL-caused occupational @entity1 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the effect of increased recognition of NRL @entity2 , education about NRL @entity2 in health care facilities combined with the introduction of powder-free gloves with reduced protein levels has been associated with a decline in the number of suspected cases of @entity2 caused by NRL in Germany on a nationwide scale. These results clearly indicate that primary prevention of occupational NRL @entity2 can be achieved if these straightforward and practical interventions are properly carried out and maintained.

title: Primary prevention of XXXX in the German health care system through education and intervention.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Post operative care of sutured wound is important after surgery. Sutured wounds within the oral cavity are kept clean through frequent rinses with either normal saline, @entity2 mouth rinses, @entity1 diluted with saline, or fresh tap water. @entity0 AND METHODS: The @entity0 were randomised into 3 groups (A, B and C). The container used had 34 @entity2 , 34 warm saline and 32 warm water mouth rinses. The latter served as control. All selected @entity0 had scaling and polishing done preoperatively when needed. All @entity0 in each group did not receive antibiotics but received analgesics ( @entity3 1  g 8  h for 5  days,). RESULTS: There were 49 females and 51 males, in the age range between 18 and 50  years. Microorganisms were found to grow on sutures with streptococcus viridians predominating followed by staphylococcus epidermides. The effects of @entity2 , warm saline and warm tap water mouth washes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: @entity2 , warm salt water and warm tap water averagely produced the same number of @entity4 , which shows that the three different mouth washes are equally effective as post-operative mouth rinses after oral surgery.

title: A prospective clinical evaluation of the effects of XXXX , warm saline mouth washes and microbial growth on intraoral sutures.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of alternative techniques of intubation in @entity0 sustaining @entity4 , where nasotracheal intubation (NTI) is best avoided. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Alternative techniques to standard naso-tracheal intubation like submental intubation, orotracheal intubation-retrotuberosity/retromolar and missing dentition were used and variables of clinical outcome recorded. RESULTS: Submental intubation provides an unobstructed intraoral surgical field, avoids intraoperative and postoperative complications of tracheostomy, and overcomes the disadvantages of NTI. In our experience with submental intubation (6 cases), we only had complication related to @entity3 apparatus like damage to pilot balloon. With retrotuberosity intubation (5 cases) we did not encounter any complications and the only limitations were bulbous maxillary tuberosity. Retromolar intubation (4 cases) a safe noninvasive technique has disadvantages like @entity3 interference within the surgical field and not feasible in case of limited retromolar space. Orotracheal-missing dentition intubation (4 cases) is of great advantage i.e. it can be used in cases where NTI is contraindicated, no specialized skill required, no added cost, avoids the need for tracheostomy, no extra-oral procedures required and does not interfere with occlusion/MMF; with disadvantage of occasional @entity3 interference within the surgical field. CONCLUSION: Preferred techniques of securing an airway like orotracheal, nasotracheal may not always be applicable, thus a @entity1 surgeon-anesthesist team should always have alternative techniques in their armamentarium to reduce the morbidity associated with these @entity0 without interference with occlusion, which is prime goal in jaw @entity2 reduction. We have used these techniques in a country with limited resources and found them equally effective and convenient to use.

title: Intubation techniques: preferences of maxillofacial XXXX surgeons.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The treatment of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in @entity0 and adults has been difficult because of erosion of dietary adherence, leading to poor school performance, impairment of executive functioning, loss of IQ, and deterioration of white matter in the brain. Mutant @entity5 @entity1 produced by exposure to @entity2 ( @entity3 ) were used to examine the effect of large neutral @entity4 (LNAA) supplementation on brain and blood @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: @entity1 with @entity5 , genotype ENU 2/2 with features of classical @entity5 , were supplemented with LNAA while on a normal diet. Two dosages of LNAA were given 0.5 g/kg and 1.0 g/kg by gavage. Blood @entity6 was determined in the experimental, control, and sham-treated @entity1 . Brain @entity6 was determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy after @entity7 extraction. Branched-chain @entity4 transferase (BCAT) was determined in brain as a marker for energy metabolism. RESULTS: Blood @entity6 was reduced in the LNAA-treated @entity1 by an average of 15% (0.5 g/kg) and 50% (1.0 g/kg) in 48 hours. There was a sustained decrease in the blood @entity6 levels over a 6-week trial. The untreated @entity1 and sham-treated @entity1 maintained high blood @entity6 throughout the experiments. Brain @entity6 level determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed a decline of 46% after the LNAA treatment. BCAT levels were lower (33%) in the ENU 2/2 @entity1 compared with wild-type. The BCAT normalized in @entity1 with @entity5 that were treated with LNAA. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that giving LNAA lowered brain and blood @entity6 levels in @entity1 with @entity5 . Energy metabolism generated from BCAT also improved in @entity1 with @entity5 after treatment with LNAA. Data from the @entity1 suggest that LNAA should be considered among the strategies to treat @entity5 in @entity0 .

title: Future role of large neutral amino acids in transport of XXXX into the brain.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2013 a @entity1 outbreak occurred among Japanese @entity0 of working-age which resulted in 14,357 reported cases. The Japanese government subsequently recommended @entity2 or @entity1 antibody testing for young @entity0 (15-49 years of age) who were planning to conceive and for adult @entity0 , @entity0 , and other @entity0 in potential contact with pregnant @entity0 at home. However, the expense and time involved for vaccination, antibody testing and visiting a clinic may represent a major barrier to voluntary compliance among this busy demographic. The aim of the current study was, therefore, to examine potential relationships between the social background of Japanese working-age individuals affected by the 2013 @entity2 campaign. METHODS: A web-based survey of 1,889 Japanese @entity0 and @entity0 aged 20-49 years was conducted in early 2014. Statistical analyses were used to explore the associations between social background and testing for @entity1 antibody and / or vaccination uptake during the previous year. RESULTS: Twenty-four percent of respondents who were planning a pregnancy had been tested for @entity1 antibody or vaccinated in 2013. However, among those without a current desire for pregnancy, 3% of @entity0 and 7% of @entity0 , respectively, were tested or vaccinated. Regardless of whether they were planning to conceive, testing for @entity1 antibodies or vaccination was statistically associated with having acquaintances who had been vaccinated, understanding the government recommendations, and being able to confirm their lack of @entity1 vaccination history using Maternal and @entity0 Health Handbook records in both @entity0 and @entity0 . CONCLUSION: To help eliminate @entity1 in Japan, additional initiatives need to target Japanese individuals who cannot envisage a direct benefit from vaccination. The results of this study suggest that disseminating the government recommendation to all potentially affected subpopulations, along with maintaining life-time vaccination records might offer a solution to encourage vaccination uptake among working-age adults in Japan, as elsewhere.

title: A Socio-Demographic Examination of Adults Responding to Governmental Vaccination Recommendations during the Japanese XXXX Outbreak of 2013.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a common disease with a high mortality rate that is difficult to diagnose and treat. Because of the variety of clinical symptoms and signs, it is difficult to diagnose. Therefore, the diagnosis of @entity5 is mainly confirmed by imaging techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is any corelation of the Wells rule, D-dimer and LDH values with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) findings in @entity5 diagnosis. MATERIAL/METHODS: A consecutive series of 62 @entity0 , which included 31 males and 31 females, with high/moderate/low risk of @entity4 according to @entity5 score, selected from the emergency service and/or outpatient clinic, enrolled in this prospective study. The @entity0 with clinical or laboratory findings of elevated D-dimer level or elevated @entity3 dehydrogenase (LDH) level were suspected of @entity4 and underwent tomography. RESULTS: @entity5 was detected in 26 @entity0 (42%). A significant difference was not detected between tomography finding positive and negative @entity4 in the @entity0 group in terms of age or gender distribution (P=0.221 and P=0.416, respectively). No significant difference was detected between tomography finding positive and negative @entity4 in the @entity0 group in terms of elevated LDH or/and D-dimer levels (P=0.263 and P=1.000, respectively). The distribution of low-risk-factor @entity0 in the @entity4 group, and the distribution of high-risk-factor @entity0 in the @entity4 -positive group was statistically significantly high (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (P=0.053). Correlation test showed no correlation between LDH and D-dimer levels. (r=0.214, P=0.180). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, when a @entity0 presents with @entity2 , our carrying out LDH and D-Dimer tests will not exclude @entity5 without @entity1 . However, we suggest that LDH isoenzymes should be studied in further research.

title: Comparison of multidetector computed tomography findings with clinical and laboratory data in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity1 management adheres to the principles of a three-step routine according to the WHO recommendations. This routine suggests the combination of a basic non-opioid (step I) with an opioid of low potency (step II) or high potency (step III). Non-opioids are routinely administered prior to an opioid. While i.v. application is the treatment of choice in the immediate postoperative course, a switch to @entity0 medication is preferred as early as possible. With oral opioid therapy preference should be given to slow release drugs. Intramuscular application of @entity0 medication has little place in @entity1 management. In order to lower the need for systemic @entity0 medication, @entity1 management is supplemented by regional anesthesia administered pre- or intraoperatively. Requirement for @entity0 medication beyond normal or increasing with postoperative time is suggestive of a postsurgical complication. Among the numerous drugs available for @entity1 management, the physician is advised to confine his selection of @entity0 medication to a limited number in order to gain superior knowledge of effects and side effects of the drugs administered.

title: [ XXXX therapy in orthopedics].

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Evaporative @entity5 is one of the most common types of @entity4 . It is often the result of chronic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and associated @entity8 . Evaporative @entity4 and @entity3 significantly reduce @entity0 's quality of life. Traditional treatments, such as artificial tears, warm compresses, and medications, such as topical @entity1 , @entity7 , and oral @entity6 , provide some relief; however, many @entity0 still suffer from @entity4 . Intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy, which has been used extensively in dermatology to treat chronic @entity2 , is a relatively new treatment in ophthalmology for @entity0 with evaporative @entity5 . RECENT FINDINGS: There are very few studies published on the use of IPL in @entity0 with @entity5 . The present review describes the theoretical mechanisms of IPL treatment of @entity3 and @entity8 . Personal clinical experience and recently presented data are reported as well. SUMMARY: IPL therapy has promising results for evaporative @entity4 @entity0 . There are statistically significant improvements in clinical exam findings of @entity5 . More importantly, @entity0 report subjective improvement in their symptoms. More research is needed in this area to help understand the mechanism of @entity5 and how it can be effectively treated.

title: Intense pulsed light therapy for the treatment of evaporative XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Review the pathogenesis of @entity3 and provide an update on research currently underway that is aimed at treating and potentially curing this severe @entity1 . DESIGN: Review article. SETTING: Private practice and large teaching hospital. @entity0 : None. MEASUREMENTS: N/A. RESULTS: Currently, @entity0 with @entity3 are managed with only supportive care. However, there are several promising new treatment avenues that may help @entity0 in the future. These include gene therapy, cell therapy, and protein-based therapy. Each approach offers distinct advantages and disadvantages. CONCLUSIONS: The advances in understanding the molecular basis for @entity2 over the last few decades has led to significant progress in devising new treatment options. Though many of these approaches remain several years away from regular implementation, it is an exciting time for research in the field.

title: XXXX : a review of disease pathogenesis and update on future therapies.

answer: @entity3