abstract: OBJECTIVE(S): Central venous lines (CVLs) are major risk factors for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity0 . The objective of PROTEKT was to determine if a low molecular weight heparin (reviparin- @entity4 ) safely prevents CVL-related @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: This multi-center, open-label study, with blinded central outcome adjudication, randomized @entity0 with new CVLs to twice-daily reviparin- @entity4 or standard care. The efficacy outcome was based on an exit venogram at Day 30 (+14 days), or earlier in case of CVL removal, or confirmed symptomatic @entity3 . The safety outcomes were @entity2 and @entity1 . Due to slow and restricted @entity0 accrual, PROTEKT was closed prematurely. RESULTS: With reviparin- @entity4 , 14.1% (11:78) of @entity0 had @entity3 compared to 12.5% (10:80) of control @entity0 (odds ratio=1.15; 95% confidence interval 0.42, 3.23); 2P=0.82). One @entity0 had a @entity2 and there were two deaths, all three events occurring in the standard care group. CONCLUSIONS: The use of reviparin- @entity4 for short-term prophylaxis of CVL-related @entity3 in @entity0 was safe but its efficacy remains unclear. Although underpowered, PROTEKT provided valuable information on event rates and predictors of CVL-related @entity3 .

title: An open-label randomized controlled trial of low molecular weight heparin for the prevention of central venous line-related thrombotic complications in XXXX : the PROTEKT trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Economic values in @entity3 (   ) were calculated for traits of economic importance in Irish grass-based systems. The economically important traits selected were spring, midseason, and autumn grass @entity0 ( @entity0 ) yield (   /kg of @entity0 per ha), grass quality (    per unit @entity0 digestibility), first- and second-cut silage @entity0 yield (   /kg per ha), and sward persistency (   /% change in persistency per ha per yr). The economic value for each trait was calculated by changing the trait of interest while keeping all other traits constant, using the Moorepark Dairy Systems Model. Herd parameters (including @entity1 numbers and calving pattern), milk production, energy demand, supplementary feeds, and land area were readjusted to calculate the economic value for the trait of interest. The base scenario assumed fixed @entity1 numbers with 40 ha of land available, with full costs included. The results for the base scenario show the economic values were:    0.15/kg of @entity0 spring yield,    0.03/kg of midseason yield,    0.10/kg of @entity0 autumn yield, the quality value was    0.001,    0.008,    0.010,    0.009,    0.008, and    0.006 per unit change in @entity0 digestibility/kg of @entity0 yield for the months of April, May, June, July, August, and September, respectively;    0.036/kg of @entity0 first-cut silage;    0.024/kg of @entity0 second-cut silage; and -   4.961 per 1% decrease in persistency/ha per yr. Sensitivity of the economic values to changes in milk price and scenario were tested. The economic values were applied to experimental production data collected over 3 yr for 20 @entity2 cultivars to establish the total economic merit for each cultivar and then to rank each cultivar based on its economic performance. Rank correlations between the base and alternative scenarios ranged from 0.90 to unity. This indicates that the economic values are reliable regardless of system, intensity, or price. The total merit index will identify the cultivars that can make the greatest economic contribution to a grass-based production system.

title: Development and application of an economic ranking index for XXXX cultivars.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have developed a cell culture-derived, inactivated vaccine against @entity5 for prevention of the @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity5 was purified from a microcarrier culture of Vero E6 cells by ultrafiltration and density gradient centrifugation. @entity3 was inactivated by treatment of the viral stock with @entity2 . Immunogenic properties of the vaccine were characterized in comparison with Hantavax, a @entity1 brain-derived, @entity2 -inactivated vaccine that has been in @entity0 use for a decade in Korea. Compared to the Hantavax, immunization of Balb/c @entity1 with the cell culture-based vaccine resulted in a moderate difference in antibody response to the viral nucleocapsid protein but more than five-fold increase in neutralizing activity. Moreover, all six @entity1 immunized with 5 microg of the cell culture-based vaccine were fully protected from challenge with infectious virus, whereas virus was detected in lung and spleen of all animals immunized with the same dose of Hantavax. Four times higher dose of the latter vaccine was needed for complete protection. In the analysis of the humoral immune response to the vaccines, we found that all three viral structural proteins, @entity6 were immunoprecipitated by sera from animals immunized with the cell culture-based vaccine. In contrast, N and some G1 but no G2 were precipitated by the sera from animals immunized with Hantavax. These results suggest that the cell culture-based vaccine can provide more effective immunity than the Hantavax.

title: Inactivated XXXX vaccine derived from suspension culture of Vero cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIMS: To investigate analgesia using @entity5 suppositories for prostate biopsy. METHODS: From 2007 to 2009, 160 @entity0 underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy at the Department of Urology, KBC Zagreb. 80 @entity0 received a 60-mg @entity5 suppository intrarectally at different time points from 15 to 120 min before biopsy and 80 @entity0 received a glycerin suppository as placebo. The @entity2 level was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups, i.e. they were similar regarding @entity0 ' age, @entity4 levels, prostate volume and the incidence of diagnosis of @entity1 on biopsy. The mean @entity2 score in the @entity5 group (3    1) was significantly lower than the mean @entity2 score in the @entity3 group (4.1    1.3) (p < 0.001). A noticeable trend towards lower @entity2 scores in the @entity5 group was observed with more time elapsing from placing the suppository till the biopsy and the optimal time for performing biopsy starting approximately 1 h after placing the suppository. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 suppositories are an easy-to-use, self-applicable (by the @entity0 ) and cheap method of local analgesia, with acceptable results. Possible complications related to this procedure are insignificant.

title: XXXX suppository for transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate: a prospective, double-blind, randomized study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A number of antidepressant medications, as well as electroconvulsive therapy, have been shown to reduce @entity3 . Slow-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has also been shown to have an antidepressant effect. Given the high degree of suffering experienced by subjects with chronic @entity0 and the treatment resistance noted in this population, the use of slow-frequency rTMS as adjuvant therapy may be of significant clinical benefit. METHODS: Fifteen sessions of 1-Hz rTMS (1600 stimulations/session) were applied to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as adjuvant treatment in 9 subjects with refractory @entity0 over 3 weeks. @entity1 and @entity2 ratings were performed at baseline, weekly during rTMS treatment, and monthly for up to 3 months after treatment. RESULTS: Five males and 4 females participated, and all had longstanding refractory @entity0 (range, 1-19 years), with an average baseline @entity1 rating of 7.3 and no @entity2 (Hamilton Rating Scale for @entity2 average, 3.6; range, 0-8). Three subjects had a greater than 50% decline in @entity1 ratings by the completion of rTMS treatments, and 1 subject responded more slowly with greater than 50% improvement in @entity1 by the end of the 3-month follow-up. An improvement in @entity1 ratings was noted in responders within the first week. CONCLUSIONS: Although these are preliminary findings in an open treatment trial, the subjects in this trial are among the least likely to have a placebo response. Given that rTMS is a well-tolerated and noninvasive intervention, any sustained improvement in @entity0 with rTMS is encouraging.

title: The use of slow-frequency prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in refractory XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the practice patterns and clinical outcomes associated with use of rescue therapies in @entity0 with @entity2 . DESIGN: Secondary analysis of multicentered, randomized, controlled trial data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Acute @entity3 Clinical Trials Network. SETTING: Intensive care units of Acute @entity3 Clinical Trials Network centers across the United States. @entity0 : Subjects enrolled in six Acute @entity3 Clinical Trials Network trials occurring between 1996 and 2005. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One hundred sixty-six of 2632 (6.3%) subjects received rescue therapy, defined as prone positioning (97 of 166 [58%]), inhaled vasodilators (47 of 166 [28%]), high-frequency ventilation (12 of 166 [7%]), or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (10 of 166 [6%]). Use of inhaled vasodilators increased whereas use of prone position decreased over time (p for trend = 0.04 and 0.0013, respectively). Multivariate predictors for use of rescue therapy included age (odds ratio per 10 yrs and 95% confidence interval: 0.88; 0.78-0.99; p = .049), positive end-expiratory pressure (odds ratio per 5-cm @entity4 increase: 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.69; p = .019), Pao2/Fio2; odds ratio per 5-cm @entity4 increase: 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-0.99; p = .017), peak airway pressure (odds ratio per 5-cm @entity4 increase: 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.001-1.237; p = .047), and study order (odds ratio per subsequent Acute @entity3 Clinical Trials Network study: 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.41; p = .02). Cox proportional hazards analysis of propensity score-matched subjects showed no difference in survival for those who received rescue therapy vs. those who did not (hazard ratio for @entity1 after rescue therapy or index date, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-1.78; p = .72). No differences in survival were found between those who received prone positioning vs. inhaled vasodilators (propensity score-adjusted hazard ratio for prone 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-2.10; p = .76). CONCLUSIONS: Rescue therapies are utilized in younger @entity0 with more severe oxygenation deficits. Patterns of rescue therapy utilization appear to be changing over time. Within the limits of an observational study design, we did not find evidence of a survival benefit with use of rescue therapies in @entity2 .

title: Utilization patterns and @entity0 outcomes associated with use of rescue therapies in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the practice patterns and clinical outcomes associated with use of rescue therapies in @entity0 with @entity2 . DESIGN: Secondary analysis of multicentered, randomized, controlled trial data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Acute @entity3 Clinical Trials Network. SETTING: Intensive care units of Acute @entity3 Clinical Trials Network centers across the United States. @entity0 : Subjects enrolled in six Acute @entity3 Clinical Trials Network trials occurring between 1996 and 2005. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: One hundred sixty-six of 2632 (6.3%) subjects received rescue therapy, defined as prone positioning (97 of 166 [58%]), inhaled vasodilators (47 of 166 [28%]), high-frequency ventilation (12 of 166 [7%]), or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (10 of 166 [6%]). Use of inhaled vasodilators increased whereas use of prone position decreased over time (p for trend = 0.04 and 0.0013, respectively). Multivariate predictors for use of rescue therapy included age (odds ratio per 10 yrs and 95% confidence interval: 0.88; 0.78-0.99; p = .049), positive end-expiratory pressure (odds ratio per 5-cm @entity4 increase: 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.69; p = .019), Pao2/Fio2; odds ratio per 5-cm @entity4 increase: 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-0.99; p = .017), peak airway pressure (odds ratio per 5-cm @entity4 increase: 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.001-1.237; p = .047), and study order (odds ratio per subsequent Acute @entity3 Clinical Trials Network study: 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.41; p = .02). Cox proportional hazards analysis of propensity score-matched subjects showed no difference in survival for those who received rescue therapy vs. those who did not (hazard ratio for @entity1 after rescue therapy or index date, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-1.78; p = .72). No differences in survival were found between those who received prone positioning vs. inhaled vasodilators (propensity score-adjusted hazard ratio for prone 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-2.10; p = .76). CONCLUSIONS: Rescue therapies are utilized in younger @entity0 with more severe oxygenation deficits. Patterns of rescue therapy utilization appear to be changing over time. Within the limits of an observational study design, we did not find evidence of a survival benefit with use of rescue therapies in @entity2 .

title: Utilization patterns and XXXX outcomes associated with use of rescue therapies in @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between elevated @entity8 levels and cardiovascular events. BACKGROUND: @entity5 is associated with high @entity3 and mortality. The association of mild to moderate @entity4 with cardiovascular outcomes remains unclear. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Cardiovascular Health Study, a prospective population-based study of subjects, aged >65 years, who had a serum @entity8 measured at baseline (n = 5,808) and were followed for a median of 7.3 years. Proportional hazards models were used to examine the association of @entity8 to all-cause mortality and incident cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. @entity4 was defined as a @entity8 level > or =1.5 mg/dl in @entity0 or > or =1.3 mg/dl in @entity0 . RESULTS: An elevated @entity8 level was present in 648 (11.2%) @entity0 . Subjects with elevated @entity8 had higher overall (76.7 vs. 29.5/1,000 years, p < 0.001) and cardiovascular (35.8 vs. 13.0/1,000 years, p < 0.001) mortality than those with normal @entity8 levels. They were more likely to develop @entity3 (54.0 vs. 31.8/1,000 years, p < 0.001), @entity2 (21.1 vs. 11.9/1,000 years, p < 0.001), @entity7 (38.7 vs. 17/1,000 years, p < 0.001), and symptomatic @entity9 (10.6 vs. 3.5/1,000 years, p < 0.001). After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical disease measures, elevated @entity8 remained a significant predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, total @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity6 , and @entity7 ( @entity7 ). A linear increase in risk was observed with increasing @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: Elevated @entity8 levels are common in older adults and are associated with increased risk of mortality, @entity3 , and @entity7 . The increased risk is apparent early in @entity1 .

title: XXXX as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in elderly individuals.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: On January 31, 2009, a fuel tanker exploded in rural Kenya, killing and injuring hundreds of @entity0 . This article describes the care of >80 burn victims at a rural hospital in Kenya, Nakuru Provincial General Hospital, and provides lessons for care of a large number of burned @entity0 in a resource-limited setting. METHODS: Data were obtained from retrospective review from hospital registers and @entity0 files. RESULTS: Treatment was provided for 89 victims. Eighty-six (97%) were @entity0 ; median age was 25 years (interquartile range [IQR], 19-32). Half of the @entity0 (45) died, the majority (31, 69%) within the first week. The median total body surface area burned for those who died was 80% (IQR, 60-90%) compared with 28% (IQR, 15-43%) for those who survived (p < 0.001). Twenty @entity0 were transfused a total of 73 units of blood including one @entity0 who received 9 units. Eighty surgical interventions were performed on 31 @entity0 and included 39 split-thickness skin grafts, 21 debridements, 7 escharotomies, 6 dressing changes, 4 contracture releases, and 3 finger amputations. Of the 44 survivors, 39 (89%) were discharged within 4 months of the event. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality after mass @entity1 is high in Africa. In areas where referral to tertiary centers is not possible, district hospitals should have mass disaster plans that involve collaboration with other organizations to augment medical and psychologic services. Even for @entity0 who do not survive, compassionate care with analgesics can be given.

title: Responding to major XXXX in resource-limited settings: lessons learned from an oil tanker explosion in Nakuru, Kenya.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In October 2009, a quadrivalent vaccine for @entity1 ) was licensed in the United States for males aged 9 to 26 years. The attitudes and beliefs of parents play a critical role in uptake of this vaccine because parental consent is typically required for adolescent HPV vaccination. This study aimed to determine attitudes about, and intention for, male HPV vaccination among a national sample of parents and to evaluate the effect of different types of messages regarding benefits of male HPV vaccination on these outcomes. METHODS: A nationally representative sample of parents completed a cross-sectional survey shortly before licensure of the HPV vaccine for @entity0 . Parents of @entity0 (n = 1178) were asked questions about future intent to vaccinate their sons against HPV after randomly receiving one of 2 different messages about the potential benefits of male HPV vaccination. RESULTS: Survey completion rate was 62%. Most parents (90%) believed that male HPV vaccination was generally important. However, only 51% of parents of @entity0 intended to have their own sons vaccinated against HPV. The strongest predictors of vaccination intent included high perceived benefits of being vaccinated and low perceived barriers to vaccination. Black race and having less than a high school education were also associated with higher vaccination intent, but only among parents of adolescents (9-17 years), not among parents of younger @entity0 (0-8 years). There were no differences in parental intentions or beliefs between the different message groups. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant discrepancy between parents' general support of male HPV vaccination and their intentions to have their own sons vaccinated. Our results highlight the beliefs and attitudes associated with increased parental intention for male HPV vaccination.

title: Factors associated with parental intentions for male XXXX vaccination: results of a national survey.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The statin treatment of @entity8 is associated with a reduced risk of development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The effect may be mediated by a reduction in @entity1 biosynthesis in the brain, by lowering levels of @entity7 ( @entity7 )-containing lipoproteins, or by pleitropic effects such as @entity3 . In the brain, @entity1 from damaged or dying neurons is converted to @entity16 by @entity1 24-hydroxylase ( @entity17 ). The @entity15 is subsequently transferred across the blood-brain barrier, transported to the liver by low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and excreted as @entity11 . Most of plasma @entity16 is derived from brain @entity1 ; consequently, plasma levels of the @entity15 reflect brain @entity1 catabolism. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of 3 statins and a nonstatin hypolipidemic agent on plasma levels of @entity16 and @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: The study had a sequential parallel design. It was open-labeled and involved lipoprotein and @entity16 evaluations at baseline and at 6 weeks of treatment with 40 mg of @entity12 , @entity10 , or @entity13 per day, or 1 g of extended-release niacin per day. Blood samples were drawn after a 12-hour fast for measurement of plasma @entity9 , @entity15 , lipoprotein @entity1 , and levels of @entity7 , plasma transaminases, and @entity4 . Measurements were made at baseline and during treatment. RESULTS: @entity6 treatment reduced levels of plasma @entity18 by 49.5%, @entity16 by 21.4%, LDL @entity1 by 34.9%, and total @entity1 by 25%. The ratios of @entity18 - @entity14 and @entity16 -LDL @entity1 were reduced significantly, but the ratio of @entity16 -total @entity1 was unchanged. Extended-release @entity5 also significantly reduced levels of @entity16 by 10% and LDL @entity1 by 18.1%. None of the agents lowered plasma concentration of @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Statins lowered levels of plasma @entity16 without affecting levels of @entity7 . The LDL lowering was more pronounced than @entity16 reductions. The effect of statins on LDL partially explains the reduction of plasma @entity15 level.

title: Reduction in levels of @entity16 by XXXX treatment in @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The statin treatment of @entity8 is associated with a reduced risk of development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The effect may be mediated by a reduction in @entity1 biosynthesis in the brain, by lowering levels of @entity7 ( @entity7 )-containing lipoproteins, or by pleitropic effects such as @entity3 . In the brain, @entity1 from damaged or dying neurons is converted to @entity16 by @entity1 24-hydroxylase ( @entity17 ). The @entity15 is subsequently transferred across the blood-brain barrier, transported to the liver by low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and excreted as @entity11 . Most of plasma @entity16 is derived from brain @entity1 ; consequently, plasma levels of the @entity15 reflect brain @entity1 catabolism. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of 3 statins and a nonstatin hypolipidemic agent on plasma levels of @entity16 and @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: The study had a sequential parallel design. It was open-labeled and involved lipoprotein and @entity16 evaluations at baseline and at 6 weeks of treatment with 40 mg of @entity12 , @entity10 , or @entity13 per day, or 1 g of extended-release niacin per day. Blood samples were drawn after a 12-hour fast for measurement of plasma @entity9 , @entity15 , lipoprotein @entity1 , and levels of @entity7 , plasma transaminases, and @entity4 . Measurements were made at baseline and during treatment. RESULTS: @entity6 treatment reduced levels of plasma @entity18 by 49.5%, @entity16 by 21.4%, LDL @entity1 by 34.9%, and total @entity1 by 25%. The ratios of @entity18 - @entity14 and @entity16 -LDL @entity1 were reduced significantly, but the ratio of @entity16 -total @entity1 was unchanged. Extended-release @entity5 also significantly reduced levels of @entity16 by 10% and LDL @entity1 by 18.1%. None of the agents lowered plasma concentration of @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Statins lowered levels of plasma @entity16 without affecting levels of @entity7 . The LDL lowering was more pronounced than @entity16 reductions. The effect of statins on LDL partially explains the reduction of plasma @entity15 level.

title: Reduction in levels of @entity16 by @entity6 treatment in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The statin treatment of @entity8 is associated with a reduced risk of development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The effect may be mediated by a reduction in @entity1 biosynthesis in the brain, by lowering levels of @entity7 ( @entity7 )-containing lipoproteins, or by pleitropic effects such as @entity3 . In the brain, @entity1 from damaged or dying neurons is converted to @entity16 by @entity1 24-hydroxylase ( @entity17 ). The @entity15 is subsequently transferred across the blood-brain barrier, transported to the liver by low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and excreted as @entity11 . Most of plasma @entity16 is derived from brain @entity1 ; consequently, plasma levels of the @entity15 reflect brain @entity1 catabolism. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of 3 statins and a nonstatin hypolipidemic agent on plasma levels of @entity16 and @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: The study had a sequential parallel design. It was open-labeled and involved lipoprotein and @entity16 evaluations at baseline and at 6 weeks of treatment with 40 mg of @entity12 , @entity10 , or @entity13 per day, or 1 g of extended-release niacin per day. Blood samples were drawn after a 12-hour fast for measurement of plasma @entity9 , @entity15 , lipoprotein @entity1 , and levels of @entity7 , plasma transaminases, and @entity4 . Measurements were made at baseline and during treatment. RESULTS: @entity6 treatment reduced levels of plasma @entity18 by 49.5%, @entity16 by 21.4%, LDL @entity1 by 34.9%, and total @entity1 by 25%. The ratios of @entity18 - @entity14 and @entity16 -LDL @entity1 were reduced significantly, but the ratio of @entity16 -total @entity1 was unchanged. Extended-release @entity5 also significantly reduced levels of @entity16 by 10% and LDL @entity1 by 18.1%. None of the agents lowered plasma concentration of @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Statins lowered levels of plasma @entity16 without affecting levels of @entity7 . The LDL lowering was more pronounced than @entity16 reductions. The effect of statins on LDL partially explains the reduction of plasma @entity15 level.

title: Reduction in levels of XXXX by @entity6 treatment in @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity16


abstract: BACKGROUND: The statin treatment of @entity8 is associated with a reduced risk of development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The effect may be mediated by a reduction in @entity1 biosynthesis in the brain, by lowering levels of @entity7 ( @entity7 )-containing lipoproteins, or by pleitropic effects such as @entity3 . In the brain, @entity1 from damaged or dying neurons is converted to @entity16 by @entity1 24-hydroxylase ( @entity17 ). The @entity15 is subsequently transferred across the blood-brain barrier, transported to the liver by low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), and excreted as @entity11 . Most of plasma @entity16 is derived from brain @entity1 ; consequently, plasma levels of the @entity15 reflect brain @entity1 catabolism. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of 3 statins and a nonstatin hypolipidemic agent on plasma levels of @entity16 and @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: The study had a sequential parallel design. It was open-labeled and involved lipoprotein and @entity16 evaluations at baseline and at 6 weeks of treatment with 40 mg of @entity12 , @entity10 , or @entity13 per day, or 1 g of extended-release niacin per day. Blood samples were drawn after a 12-hour fast for measurement of plasma @entity9 , @entity15 , lipoprotein @entity1 , and levels of @entity7 , plasma transaminases, and @entity4 . Measurements were made at baseline and during treatment. RESULTS: @entity6 treatment reduced levels of plasma @entity18 by 49.5%, @entity16 by 21.4%, LDL @entity1 by 34.9%, and total @entity1 by 25%. The ratios of @entity18 - @entity14 and @entity16 -LDL @entity1 were reduced significantly, but the ratio of @entity16 -total @entity1 was unchanged. Extended-release @entity5 also significantly reduced levels of @entity16 by 10% and LDL @entity1 by 18.1%. None of the agents lowered plasma concentration of @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Statins lowered levels of plasma @entity16 without affecting levels of @entity7 . The LDL lowering was more pronounced than @entity16 reductions. The effect of statins on LDL partially explains the reduction of plasma @entity15 level.

title: Reduction in levels of @entity16 by @entity6 treatment in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, no prior study has focused on subjects with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with elderly disease onset, and there is little evidence-based knowledge of treatment outcomes in these @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical presentation, comorbidities, treatment, and evolution of @entity3 in @entity0 with old-age onset with those of @entity0 with middle-age onset in one US university center. DESIGN: In the Rush @entity5 Database, we retrieved 43 @entity0 with @entity3 with onset at 78 years or older. By using a case-control design, we assigned each @entity0 with old-age @entity3 onset 1 (n = 5) or 2 (n = 38) @entity0 with middle-age @entity3 onset, matched for disease duration but with disease onset between the ages of 43 and 66 years. We compared the groups on several clinical measures using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: At a comparable length of @entity3 duration (mean, 5.1 years for @entity0 with old-age @entity3 onset and 5.5 years for @entity0 with middle-age @entity3 onset), the total Unified @entity3 Rating Scale motor score was significantly higher in those with old-age @entity3 onset than in those with middle-age @entity3 onset (33.3 vs 21.2; P<.001). The @entity0 with old-age onset had higher scores for @entity6 (5.2 vs 4.3; P =.03), @entity7 (13.0 vs 9.6; P =.001), and @entity1 (12.8 vs 5.2; P<.001), but not for @entity4 (2.2 vs 2.0; P =.68). They were more likely to have at least one comorbid condition compared with @entity0 with middle-age onset (24 [56%] of 43 @entity0 vs 20 [25%] of 81 @entity0 ; P =.002), but even when adjusting for comorbidities, they still maintained higher motor scores than controls. When treating @entity0 with old-age @entity3 onset, clinicians used levodopa monotherapy more frequently than in @entity0 with middle-age @entity3 onset (34 @entity0 [79%] vs 16 @entity0 [20%]; P<.001), and agonists were prescribed less frequently (5 @entity0 [12%] vs 29 @entity0 [36%]; P =.005). CONCLUSIONS: At the same disease duration, @entity0 with old-age @entity3 onset have greater motor impairment than @entity0 with middle-age @entity3 onset. This difference may be due to more rapid disease progression, less @entity2 or less potent medical treatment, the elderly age of the subjects with old-age @entity3 onset at study end independent of disease onset, or yet-to-be elucidated influences of comorbid conditions. Focused research on old-age @entity3 onset is important to delineate the confounding influences of aging and comorbidities and to establish the safety and efficacy of new treatments for this group of @entity0 .

title: XXXX with old-age onset: a comparative study with subjects with middle-age onset.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Selective olfactory deficits occur in 70% to 90% of @entity0 with @entity1 , independent of disease severity and duration. Olfactory testing may be a useful diagnostic aid for @entity1 , but the types of odors most commonly affected need to be identified. OBJECTIVE: To determine the pattern and types of odors affected in @entity1 by means of the University of Pennsylvania 12-item Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT; Sensonics, Inc, Haddon Heights, NJ). DESIGN: Testing @entity0 with @entity1 and control subjects in 5 @entity2 clinics. @entity0 : Forty-nine nondemented @entity0 with @entity1 and 52 age- and sex-matched controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Normal or abnormal olfactory function was determined in each subject according to predetermined age and sex norms. Predictive statistics and discriminant function analyses were performed to determine the pattern and types of odors best discriminating @entity0 from controls. RESULTS: Abnormal olfactory function was present in 40 (82%) of @entity0 compared with 12 (23%) of controls. The B-SIT score was unaffected by smoking behavior, disease duration, or severity. The sensitivity of the B-SIT for @entity1 was 0.82, with a specificity and predictive value of 0.82 and 0.77, respectively. Only 5 of the 12 B-SIT odors ( @entity3 , banana, pineapple, smoke, and cinnamon) were required to adequately discriminate @entity0 with @entity1 from controls. CONCLUSIONS: With the use of the B-SIT, 5 specific odors appear primarily affected in @entity0 with @entity1 . Significantly, the ability of @entity0 to detect some odors was unimpaired compared with that of controls. Better diagnostic aids could be developed on the basis of the selective pattern of hyposmia observed in @entity1 .

title: Identifying the pattern of olfactory deficits in XXXX using the brief smell identification test.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The first locus for demyelinating autosomal recessive @entity5 (ARCMT) disease was identified in 8q13, where mutations in @entity7 have been found. Mutations in the same gene have been detected in families with @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical, electrophysiologic, and morphologic characteristics of a consanguineous Moroccan family with @entity4 associated with the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene. METHODS: Four @entity0 from a consanguineous Moroccan family were examined clinically and electrophysiologically. In one @entity0 , a morphometric and ultrastructural study of a peroneal nerve biopsy sample was performed. Mutation in the coding region of the @entity7 gene was identified by direct sequencing. RESULTS: @entity1 was evident early in childhood, walking was delayed in one @entity0 , and onset of symptoms occurred before 18 months in the others. The phenotype was severe: @entity6 and disabilities involving the hands and feet developed toward the end of the first decade, followed by involvement of proximal muscles in the lower limbs, leading to loss of autonomy. Electrophysiologic findings were consistent with an axonal form of CMT disease: motor nerve conduction velocities, recordable in one @entity0 only, were greater than 40 m/sec. Sensory nerve action potentials were either abolished or substantially reduced in amplitude. The morphologic data supported the diagnosis of @entity1 , showing a marked @entity2 and signs of axonal regeneration, including frequent pseudo-onion bulb formations. The 4 @entity0 in this family were homozygous for the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene. CONCLUSION: Electrophysiologic and pathological findings support the hypothesis of an @entity3 in this ARCMT family with the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene.

title: Phenotypical features of a Moroccan family with autosomal recessive @entity5 associated with the XXXX mutation in the @entity7 gene.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The first locus for demyelinating autosomal recessive @entity5 (ARCMT) disease was identified in 8q13, where mutations in @entity7 have been found. Mutations in the same gene have been detected in families with @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical, electrophysiologic, and morphologic characteristics of a consanguineous Moroccan family with @entity4 associated with the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene. METHODS: Four @entity0 from a consanguineous Moroccan family were examined clinically and electrophysiologically. In one @entity0 , a morphometric and ultrastructural study of a peroneal nerve biopsy sample was performed. Mutation in the coding region of the @entity7 gene was identified by direct sequencing. RESULTS: @entity1 was evident early in childhood, walking was delayed in one @entity0 , and onset of symptoms occurred before 18 months in the others. The phenotype was severe: @entity6 and disabilities involving the hands and feet developed toward the end of the first decade, followed by involvement of proximal muscles in the lower limbs, leading to loss of autonomy. Electrophysiologic findings were consistent with an axonal form of CMT disease: motor nerve conduction velocities, recordable in one @entity0 only, were greater than 40 m/sec. Sensory nerve action potentials were either abolished or substantially reduced in amplitude. The morphologic data supported the diagnosis of @entity1 , showing a marked @entity2 and signs of axonal regeneration, including frequent pseudo-onion bulb formations. The 4 @entity0 in this family were homozygous for the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene. CONCLUSION: Electrophysiologic and pathological findings support the hypothesis of an @entity3 in this ARCMT family with the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene.

title: Phenotypical features of a Moroccan family with autosomal recessive @entity5 associated with the @entity8 mutation in the XXXX gene.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The first locus for demyelinating autosomal recessive @entity5 (ARCMT) disease was identified in 8q13, where mutations in @entity7 have been found. Mutations in the same gene have been detected in families with @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical, electrophysiologic, and morphologic characteristics of a consanguineous Moroccan family with @entity4 associated with the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene. METHODS: Four @entity0 from a consanguineous Moroccan family were examined clinically and electrophysiologically. In one @entity0 , a morphometric and ultrastructural study of a peroneal nerve biopsy sample was performed. Mutation in the coding region of the @entity7 gene was identified by direct sequencing. RESULTS: @entity1 was evident early in childhood, walking was delayed in one @entity0 , and onset of symptoms occurred before 18 months in the others. The phenotype was severe: @entity6 and disabilities involving the hands and feet developed toward the end of the first decade, followed by involvement of proximal muscles in the lower limbs, leading to loss of autonomy. Electrophysiologic findings were consistent with an axonal form of CMT disease: motor nerve conduction velocities, recordable in one @entity0 only, were greater than 40 m/sec. Sensory nerve action potentials were either abolished or substantially reduced in amplitude. The morphologic data supported the diagnosis of @entity1 , showing a marked @entity2 and signs of axonal regeneration, including frequent pseudo-onion bulb formations. The 4 @entity0 in this family were homozygous for the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene. CONCLUSION: Electrophysiologic and pathological findings support the hypothesis of an @entity3 in this ARCMT family with the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene.

title: Phenotypical features of a Moroccan family with autosomal recessive XXXX associated with the @entity8 mutation in the @entity7 gene.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if treatment with subantimicrobial-dose (SD) @entity1 (20-mg tablets taken twice daily) improved clinical outcome, had any detectable effect on skin flora, led to overgrowth or colonization of skin by opportunistic pathogens, or resulted in an increase in antibiotic resistance by the surface skin microflora in @entity0 with moderate acne compared with placebo. DESIGN: Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. SETTING: Two university-based clinics. SUBJECTS: Adults (N = 51) with moderate facial acne. INTERVENTIONS: @entity0 were randomized to receive SD @entity1 ( @entity1 ; CollaGenex Pharmaceuticals Inc, Newtown, Pa) or placebo twice daily for 6 months. MAIN EFFICACY OUTCOMES: Primary: changes from baseline in numbers of inflammatory, noninflammatory, and total lesions. Secondary: changes from baseline of individual counts of papules, pustules, and nodules and global assessments of clinical improvement by @entity0 and physician. RESULTS: Forty @entity0 completed 6 months of treatment. At 6 months, the SD @entity1 group had a significantly greater percent reduction in the number of comedones (P<.01), inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions combined (P<.01), and total inflammatory lesions (P<.05) than did the placebo group. They also had significantly greater improvement according to the clinician's global assessment (P =.03). There were no significant differences in microbial counts between groups and no evidence of change in antibiotic susceptibility or colonization by potential pathogens. The treatment was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Twice-daily SD @entity1 treatment significantly reduced the number of inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions in @entity0 with moderate facial acne, was well tolerated, had no detectable antimicrobial effect on the skin flora, and did not result in any increase in the number or severity of resistant organisms.

title: Effects of subantimicrobial-dose XXXX in the treatment of moderate acne.

answer: @entity1


abstract: RATIONALE: Antipsychotic affinity for the @entity3 H1 receptor and the muscarinic M3 receptor have been associated with the side effects @entity6 , and development of @entity1 , respectively. OBJECTIVES: We investigated polymorphisms of the @entity3 H1 (HRH1) and muscarinic @entity5 receptor M3 ( @entity7 ) receptor genes for an association with body mass index (BMI) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). METHODS: We included 430 Caucasian @entity0 with a non-affective @entity4 using antipsychotics for at least 3 months. Primary endpoints of the study were cross-sectionally measured BMI and HbA1c; secondary endpoints were @entity2 and hyperglycaemia. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HRH1 gene, @entity8 and @entity9 , and one SNP in the @entity7 gene, @entity10 , were genotyped. Our primary hypothesis in this study was an interaction between genotype on BMI and antipsychotic affinity for the H1 and M3 receptor. RESULTS: A significant association of interaction between haplotype @entity8 - @entity9 and BMI (p value 0.025) and @entity2 (p value 0.005) in @entity0 using high-H1 affinity antipsychotics versus @entity0 using low-H1 affinity antipsychotics was found. There was no association of @entity7 gene variant @entity10 with BMI, and we observed no association with HbA1c or hyperglycaemia in any of the variants. CONCLUSIONS: This study, for the first time, demonstrates a significant association between HRH1 variants and BMI in @entity0 with a @entity4 using antipsychotics. In future, genotyping of HRH1 variants may help predicting @entity6 in patients using antipsychotics.

title: Association of genetic variants of the XXXX H1 and muscarinic M3 receptors with BMI and HbA1c values in patients on antipsychotic medication.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the literature concerning the efficacy of @entity8 , hormone replacement therapy (HRT), @entity3 , selective @entity4 receptor modulators, and @entity6 in the prevention and treatment of @entity2 . DATA SOURCES: Articles were identified through searches of the MEDLINE (1966-July 2002), EMBASE (1980-July 2002), and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-July 2002) databases using the key @entity2 , postmenopausal, @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity9 , hormone replacement therapy, @entity3 , @entity10 , @entity11 , @entity7 , and @entity6 . Additional references were located through review of the bibliographies of the articles cited. Searches were not limited by time restriction, language, or @entity0 subject. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Experimental and observational studies of the use of @entity8 and antiresorptive therapies for the prevention and treatment of @entity2 were selected. Articles evaluating @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or @entity5 efficacy were included in this review. DATA SYNTHESIS: HRT, @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 have demonstrated stabilization of and improvement in @entity1 . Randomized clinical trials have shown @entity5 risk reduction with @entity3 , @entity7 , HRT, @entity8 , and @entity6 . The largest risk reductions have been reported with use of @entity3 in several trials. CONCLUSIONS: Several therapeutic options with well-documented improvements in @entity1 and reductions in @entity5 risk are available to @entity0 for the prevention and treatment of @entity2 .

title: Comparing therapies for XXXX prevention and treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Renal biopsy has been used extensively in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with @entity1 . However, there is no complete agreement about the need for renal biopsy at presentation. The goal of this study is to define the role of renal biopsy as a therapeutic guide in new-onset @entity5 with @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed renal biopsy findings in 131 @entity5 @entity0 who received renal biopsy within 3 months from the diagnosis of @entity5 . RESULTS: In @entity0 presenting with @entity3 , 91% of @entity0 had proliferative @entity7 ( @entity7 ) (class IV, mixed class V + III) and 9% had non-proliferative @entity1 (pure class V). In @entity0 presenting with @entity6 range @entity2 , proliferative @entity7 (class III, IV, mixed class V + III) and non-proliferative @entity1 (class II, pure class V) accounted for 55% and 36% of @entity0 , respectively, whereas 9% had @entity1 . With the exception of anti-double-stranded DNA, no clinical findings correlated with pathology. In @entity0 presenting with sub- @entity6 @entity2 , 49% of @entity0 had proliferative @entity7 (class III, IV, mixed class V + III) and 51% had non-proliferative @entity1 (class II, pure class V). Decreased C4 levels were more common in @entity0 with proliferative @entity7 (P = 0.031). In @entity0 presenting with @entity4 , all were not active form @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that similar clinical features may be observed despite very different classes of @entity7 . Therefore, in new-onset @entity5 @entity0 with @entity1 , early renal biopsy may be helpful in planning the treatment.

title: Renal biopsy findings in new-onset @entity5 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Renal biopsy has been used extensively in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with @entity1 . However, there is no complete agreement about the need for renal biopsy at presentation. The goal of this study is to define the role of renal biopsy as a therapeutic guide in new-onset @entity5 with @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed renal biopsy findings in 131 @entity5 @entity0 who received renal biopsy within 3 months from the diagnosis of @entity5 . RESULTS: In @entity0 presenting with @entity3 , 91% of @entity0 had proliferative @entity7 ( @entity7 ) (class IV, mixed class V + III) and 9% had non-proliferative @entity1 (pure class V). In @entity0 presenting with @entity6 range @entity2 , proliferative @entity7 (class III, IV, mixed class V + III) and non-proliferative @entity1 (class II, pure class V) accounted for 55% and 36% of @entity0 , respectively, whereas 9% had @entity1 . With the exception of anti-double-stranded DNA, no clinical findings correlated with pathology. In @entity0 presenting with sub- @entity6 @entity2 , 49% of @entity0 had proliferative @entity7 (class III, IV, mixed class V + III) and 51% had non-proliferative @entity1 (class II, pure class V). Decreased C4 levels were more common in @entity0 with proliferative @entity7 (P = 0.031). In @entity0 presenting with @entity4 , all were not active form @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggested that similar clinical features may be observed despite very different classes of @entity7 . Therefore, in new-onset @entity5 @entity0 with @entity1 , early renal biopsy may be helpful in planning the treatment.

title: Renal biopsy findings in new-onset XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a biomarker of @entity1 that is common in adults with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). However, in @entity0 with @entity5 , the range and predictive power of @entity7 concentrations are not known. We aimed to determine the effect of HD on @entity7 , as well as the prognostic impact of @entity7 , in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Thirty-five @entity0 with @entity2 (16 @entity0 age 12.1    3.7 years) on maintenance HD were included. @entity7 level was measured, and Doppler echocardiography was performed 30 min before (pre-HD @entity7 ) and 30 min after (post-HD @entity7 ) HD in each @entity0 . An adverse event was defined as all-cause death and @entity4 hospitalization. The median pre-HD @entity7 , the post-HD @entity7 , and the change in @entity7 were, respectively, 240 pg/ml (72 to 3346), 318 pg/ml (79 to 3788), and 9 pg/ml (-442 to 1889). Pre-HD @entity7 concentration was negatively correlated with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (r = -0.41, P = 0.018). During a mean follow-up of 39    14 months, 6 @entity0 died, and 3 were hospitalized for @entity4 . Using univariate analysis, @entity7 before and after HD as well as Doppler tissue imaging velocities had a strong graded relationship with adverse events. Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that pre-HD body weight (P = 0.008), pre-HD @entity7 (P = 0.011), and post-HD @entity7 (P = 0.038) remained independent predictors of adverse outcome. Even in case of @entity3 , @entity7 still strongly correlated with @entity6 and was associated with mortality in HD @entity0 .

title: Relationship of brain natriuretic peptide concentrations to left ventricular function and adverse outcomes in @entity0 with XXXX undergoing hemodialysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a biomarker of @entity1 that is common in adults with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). However, in @entity0 with @entity5 , the range and predictive power of @entity7 concentrations are not known. We aimed to determine the effect of HD on @entity7 , as well as the prognostic impact of @entity7 , in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Thirty-five @entity0 with @entity2 (16 @entity0 age 12.1    3.7 years) on maintenance HD were included. @entity7 level was measured, and Doppler echocardiography was performed 30 min before (pre-HD @entity7 ) and 30 min after (post-HD @entity7 ) HD in each @entity0 . An adverse event was defined as all-cause death and @entity4 hospitalization. The median pre-HD @entity7 , the post-HD @entity7 , and the change in @entity7 were, respectively, 240 pg/ml (72 to 3346), 318 pg/ml (79 to 3788), and 9 pg/ml (-442 to 1889). Pre-HD @entity7 concentration was negatively correlated with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (r = -0.41, P = 0.018). During a mean follow-up of 39    14 months, 6 @entity0 died, and 3 were hospitalized for @entity4 . Using univariate analysis, @entity7 before and after HD as well as Doppler tissue imaging velocities had a strong graded relationship with adverse events. Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that pre-HD body weight (P = 0.008), pre-HD @entity7 (P = 0.011), and post-HD @entity7 (P = 0.038) remained independent predictors of adverse outcome. Even in case of @entity3 , @entity7 still strongly correlated with @entity6 and was associated with mortality in HD @entity0 .

title: Relationship of brain natriuretic peptide concentrations to left ventricular function and adverse outcomes in XXXX with @entity3 undergoing hemodialysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis is still a @entity1 in developing countries. It is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. The information on cardiac involvement in @entity5 is limited. However, @entity4 is common in @entity0 with @entity2 , such as @entity3 . METHODS: We utilized echocardiography and exercise tests, along with clinical scoring, chest radiograph scoring, and pulmonary function tests in 21 @entity0 to determine whether detectable changes in cardiac functions were present, and the nature of their relationship to the underlying disease severity. RESULTS: The ventricular systolic functions were preserved in all @entity0 . Some of the @entity0 had changes in left ventricular diastolic function indices, characterized by abnormal Ewave/Awave (E/A) ratios or isovolumetric relaxation time values. Isovolumetric relaxation time but not E/A ratios was found to have a significant negative correlation with the clinical score. In addition, exercise capacity was decreased in bronchiectatic @entity0 . Most of the @entity0 stopped the exercise test due to exhaustion before reaching maximum heart rate. CONCLUSION: Left ventricular diastolic functions are affected in @entity5 , and the performance of @entity0 is dependent on their pulmonary status. This is the first study demonstrating the cardiac effects of @entity5 according to our survey of the published literature.

title: Effects of childhood XXXX on cardiac functions.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Assisted reproductive techniques have increased the number of pregnant @entity0 beyond the age of 35 years and the incidence of @entity3 . Various non-invasive screening methods for @entity2 were introduced in clinical practice during the past two decades. Specific problems were encountered when these methods were applied for pregnancies achieved by assisted reproduction treatment and the aim of this review is to explore these issues and propose an adjusted methodological approach for this highly selected population. Overall, more @entity0 with assisted reproduction singleton pregnancies are found to be false-positive for @entity2 . This is because standard screening algorithms include maternal age. In addition, mid-trimester maternal serum screening is associated with a higher false-positive rate. This is due to changes in the feto-placental endocrinological metabolism in pregnancies achieved by assisted reproduction treatment. Ultrasound screening of @entity2 by means of nuchal translucency (NT) measurements at 10-14 weeks is associated with a lower false-positive rate than mid-trimester serum screening. The lowest false-positive rates reported in singleton pregnancies are observed when serum and nuchal translucency screening are combined at 10-14 weeks. In @entity3 , mid-trimester maternal serum screening is of limited clinical value. Nuchal translucency measurement is among the best available and is the most efficient screening method for @entity3 . This sonographical method for screening enables specific identification of those fetuses at high risk of @entity2 and @entity1 , and thus contributes to a better outcome. Therefore, it should be systematically performed before any fetal reduction in high-order @entity3 is planned.

title: XXXX screening in pregnancies after assisted reproductive techniques: an update.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether premenopausal women with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) or @entity6 ( @entity6 ) have increased prevalence of @entity5 after adjustment has been made for known cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: We evaluated premenopausal @entity0 with @entity8 in comparison with age-matched groups of @entity0 with @entity6 [positive or negative for anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies] or @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and healthy subjects. Thirty-three subjects in each group were assessed for cardiovascular risk factors, including a detailed lipid profile. Ultrasonography of carotid and femoral arteries assessed the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and the presence of @entity5 . RESULTS: @entity5 were detected in 5, 2, 4, 1 and 1 subject in the five groups respectively. @entity8 @entity0 had significantly more affected vessels than @entity4 @entity0 and healthy controls (P=0.042 and P=0.016, respectively), but not compared with @entity6 @entity0 . No consistent differences in @entity1 , traditional cardiovascular risk factors or lipid parameters were detected among the five groups. The odds for @entity5 independently increased 1.19-fold per year of increasing age [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.31; P=0.001), 1.019-fold per 1 mg/dl increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (95% CI 1.003-1.036; P=0.020), 1.035-fold per additional 1 g of @entity7 equivalent cumulative @entity3 dose (95% CI, 0.996-1.074; P=0.074), and 4.35-fold in the presence of @entity8 or @entity6 (95% CI 0.75-25.2; P=0.10). Neither aCL nor anti- @entity9 antibodies were associated with @entity5 . CONCLUSION: @entity8 and @entity6 @entity0 have an increased prevalence of carotid and femoral plaque that is not accounted for by other predictors of @entity5 , including age, lipid parameters and cumulative @entity2 dose.

title: @entity5 in premenopausal women with @entity8 and XXXX : a controlled study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether premenopausal women with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) or @entity6 ( @entity6 ) have increased prevalence of @entity5 after adjustment has been made for known cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: We evaluated premenopausal @entity0 with @entity8 in comparison with age-matched groups of @entity0 with @entity6 [positive or negative for anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies] or @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and healthy subjects. Thirty-three subjects in each group were assessed for cardiovascular risk factors, including a detailed lipid profile. Ultrasonography of carotid and femoral arteries assessed the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and the presence of @entity5 . RESULTS: @entity5 were detected in 5, 2, 4, 1 and 1 subject in the five groups respectively. @entity8 @entity0 had significantly more affected vessels than @entity4 @entity0 and healthy controls (P=0.042 and P=0.016, respectively), but not compared with @entity6 @entity0 . No consistent differences in @entity1 , traditional cardiovascular risk factors or lipid parameters were detected among the five groups. The odds for @entity5 independently increased 1.19-fold per year of increasing age [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.31; P=0.001), 1.019-fold per 1 mg/dl increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (95% CI 1.003-1.036; P=0.020), 1.035-fold per additional 1 g of @entity7 equivalent cumulative @entity3 dose (95% CI, 0.996-1.074; P=0.074), and 4.35-fold in the presence of @entity8 or @entity6 (95% CI 0.75-25.2; P=0.10). Neither aCL nor anti- @entity9 antibodies were associated with @entity5 . CONCLUSION: @entity8 and @entity6 @entity0 have an increased prevalence of carotid and femoral plaque that is not accounted for by other predictors of @entity5 , including age, lipid parameters and cumulative @entity2 dose.

title: @entity5 in premenopausal women with XXXX and @entity6 : a controlled study.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether premenopausal women with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) or @entity6 ( @entity6 ) have increased prevalence of @entity5 after adjustment has been made for known cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: We evaluated premenopausal @entity0 with @entity8 in comparison with age-matched groups of @entity0 with @entity6 [positive or negative for anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies] or @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and healthy subjects. Thirty-three subjects in each group were assessed for cardiovascular risk factors, including a detailed lipid profile. Ultrasonography of carotid and femoral arteries assessed the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and the presence of @entity5 . RESULTS: @entity5 were detected in 5, 2, 4, 1 and 1 subject in the five groups respectively. @entity8 @entity0 had significantly more affected vessels than @entity4 @entity0 and healthy controls (P=0.042 and P=0.016, respectively), but not compared with @entity6 @entity0 . No consistent differences in @entity1 , traditional cardiovascular risk factors or lipid parameters were detected among the five groups. The odds for @entity5 independently increased 1.19-fold per year of increasing age [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.31; P=0.001), 1.019-fold per 1 mg/dl increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (95% CI 1.003-1.036; P=0.020), 1.035-fold per additional 1 g of @entity7 equivalent cumulative @entity3 dose (95% CI, 0.996-1.074; P=0.074), and 4.35-fold in the presence of @entity8 or @entity6 (95% CI 0.75-25.2; P=0.10). Neither aCL nor anti- @entity9 antibodies were associated with @entity5 . CONCLUSION: @entity8 and @entity6 @entity0 have an increased prevalence of carotid and femoral plaque that is not accounted for by other predictors of @entity5 , including age, lipid parameters and cumulative @entity2 dose.

title: XXXX in premenopausal women with @entity8 and @entity6 : a controlled study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The tissue-engineered (TE) @entity0 was developed to improve the durability of tissue heart valves. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological and histological changes in a TE @entity0 consisting of decellularized porcine matrices seeded with viable autologous vascular endothelial cells (AVEC). MATERIAL/METHODS: TE valves were implanted into the right ventricular outflow tract of eight juvenile @entity2 and explanted after 7 days, 3 and 6 months. The valves were evaluated visually, by invasive pressure measurements, X-ray, light microscopy, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The @entity1 content of the cusps was determined quantitatively by atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS: After valve implantation, all animals showed fast recovery with no complications during the observation period. Invasive pressure measurements presented a mean TE valve pressure gradient of 1.5+/-0.5 mm Hg at 3 and the same at 6 months. Light microscopy showed a monolayer of AVEC on all explanted heart valves, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining. X-ray examination of explanted TE heart valves showed no cusp calcification, confirmed by atomic absorption spectrometry. CONCLUSIONS: All explanted TE heart valves showed AVEC at the inner surface and ingrowth of fibroblast into the decellularized matrix, increasing during the observation period. The @entity1 contents were very low at explantation in these viable new heart valves.

title: A tissue engineered XXXX implanted in a juvenile @entity2 model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The tissue-engineered (TE) @entity0 was developed to improve the durability of tissue heart valves. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological and histological changes in a TE @entity0 consisting of decellularized porcine matrices seeded with viable autologous vascular endothelial cells (AVEC). MATERIAL/METHODS: TE valves were implanted into the right ventricular outflow tract of eight juvenile @entity2 and explanted after 7 days, 3 and 6 months. The valves were evaluated visually, by invasive pressure measurements, X-ray, light microscopy, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The @entity1 content of the cusps was determined quantitatively by atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS: After valve implantation, all animals showed fast recovery with no complications during the observation period. Invasive pressure measurements presented a mean TE valve pressure gradient of 1.5+/-0.5 mm Hg at 3 and the same at 6 months. Light microscopy showed a monolayer of AVEC on all explanted heart valves, confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and immunohistochemical staining. X-ray examination of explanted TE heart valves showed no cusp calcification, confirmed by atomic absorption spectrometry. CONCLUSIONS: All explanted TE heart valves showed AVEC at the inner surface and ingrowth of fibroblast into the decellularized matrix, increasing during the observation period. The @entity1 contents were very low at explantation in these viable new heart valves.

title: A tissue engineered @entity0 implanted in a juvenile XXXX model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A clinical trial was conducted in healthy adult volunteers to assess the effect of @entity0 , @entity5 , and @entity3 on the @entity2 . METHODS: Electrocardiograms were recorded 24 hours before and after subjects took placebo, 1000 mg @entity0 , 800 mg @entity5 , and 1500 mg @entity3 in a double-blind, randomized, 4-period, 4-treatment, 4-sequence crossover trial. Changes in @entity2 from baseline were assessed by several different methods. RESULTS: Increases in @entity2 compared with placebo were consistently greater after @entity5 compared with either @entity0 or @entity3 . The mean postdose change from baseline QTc (Bazett) intervals for the 24-hour period after treatment with @entity5 ranged from 16.34 to 17.83 ms (P < .001, compared with placebo). For @entity0 , this change ranged from 3.53 to 4.88 ms (P < .05, compared with placebo), and for @entity3 , this change ranged from 2.27 to 4.93 ms (P < .05, compared with placebo, with the use of 3 of 5 baseline methods). CONCLUSIONS: A change in QTc (Bazett) interval from baseline can be demonstrated safely in healthy volunteers after single high doses of @entity4 that achieve approximately 1.5 times the maximum plasma drug concentration that occurs after recommended doses. There is substantial daily variation in both @entity2 , and the magnitude and frequency of changes in QTc interval can depend on the methods used. These factors need to be considered because clinical trials measuring the effects of drugs on QT intervals are used to estimate the risk of using these drugs. Greater changes in QT and QTc intervals after treatment with @entity5 compared with @entity0 or @entity3 are consistent with in vitro observations related to the effect of these drugs on rapid @entity1 (IK(r)) channels. The clinical relevance of these differences is not known.

title: Effects of three XXXX on QT interval in healthy adults after single doses.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of abarelix after continuous subcutaneous infusion of 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) in @entity0 with @entity2 and to identify a plasma concentration of abarelix that may provide a sustained pharmacodynamic effect. METHODS: This was a multicenter, open-label trial to evaluate abarelix, administered as a continuous subcutaneous infusion for up to 84 days (12 weeks) in 36 @entity0 with clinically localized or regional @entity2 . All @entity0 were treated at a dosage of 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for at least 28 days (4 weeks). The pharmacokinetic characteristics and the pharmacologic activities of abarelix on @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity3 , follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone during and after treatment with abarelix were measured. RESULTS: After a continuous subcutaneous infusion of 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1), abarelix concentrations peaked with the median observed time to reach peak concentration at approximately 28 days. The mean observed maximum plasma drug concentration and average plasma concentration were 56.1 and 48.6 ng/mL, respectively. The mean observed half-life of abarelix was 10.0 days. Mean @entity1 , @entity3 , follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone inhibition of 94.2%, 88.7%, 79.7%, and 82.8%, respectively, were achieved by study day 15 (14 days after dosing started), and inhibition continued to be maintained until the last dosing day. For the @entity4 levels, mean inhibition of 52.5% was achieved by 28 days after dosing started. The inhibition progressively increased and peaked at 81.9% on the final day of dosing. The inhibition for @entity4 was extended to 94.6% during the final follow-up visit (28 to 35 days after treatment ended). The median prostate gland volume reduction at treatment exit was 35%. The population pharmacodynamic estimates (percent coefficient of variation) of the 50% inhibitory concentration, maximum organ extraction ratio, and slope and sigmoidicity of the effect-concentration curve of abarelix to @entity1 were 3.47 ng/mL (12.4%), 94.9 (1.3%), and 2.92 (16.2%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that abarelix given as a subcutaneous infusion of 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) is sufficient to produce clinically significant effects on the basis of prostate gland volume reduction and the suppression of gonadotropins.

title: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of abarelix, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, after subcutaneous continuous infusion in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of abarelix after continuous subcutaneous infusion of 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) in @entity0 with @entity2 and to identify a plasma concentration of abarelix that may provide a sustained pharmacodynamic effect. METHODS: This was a multicenter, open-label trial to evaluate abarelix, administered as a continuous subcutaneous infusion for up to 84 days (12 weeks) in 36 @entity0 with clinically localized or regional @entity2 . All @entity0 were treated at a dosage of 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) for at least 28 days (4 weeks). The pharmacokinetic characteristics and the pharmacologic activities of abarelix on @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity3 , follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone during and after treatment with abarelix were measured. RESULTS: After a continuous subcutaneous infusion of 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1), abarelix concentrations peaked with the median observed time to reach peak concentration at approximately 28 days. The mean observed maximum plasma drug concentration and average plasma concentration were 56.1 and 48.6 ng/mL, respectively. The mean observed half-life of abarelix was 10.0 days. Mean @entity1 , @entity3 , follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone inhibition of 94.2%, 88.7%, 79.7%, and 82.8%, respectively, were achieved by study day 15 (14 days after dosing started), and inhibition continued to be maintained until the last dosing day. For the @entity4 levels, mean inhibition of 52.5% was achieved by 28 days after dosing started. The inhibition progressively increased and peaked at 81.9% on the final day of dosing. The inhibition for @entity4 was extended to 94.6% during the final follow-up visit (28 to 35 days after treatment ended). The median prostate gland volume reduction at treatment exit was 35%. The population pharmacodynamic estimates (percent coefficient of variation) of the 50% inhibitory concentration, maximum organ extraction ratio, and slope and sigmoidicity of the effect-concentration curve of abarelix to @entity1 were 3.47 ng/mL (12.4%), 94.9 (1.3%), and 2.92 (16.2%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that abarelix given as a subcutaneous infusion of 50 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) is sufficient to produce clinically significant effects on the basis of prostate gland volume reduction and the suppression of gonadotropins.

title: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of abarelix, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist, after subcutaneous continuous infusion in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Our experience with 739 @entity0 with lower extremity @entity4 since the advent of the balloon catheter has led us to several important observations: As the etiology has shifted from rheumatic to @entity2 , we treat a more complex group of @entity0 , one fourth of whom have severe, preexisting @entity6 . Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to decrease the mortality and morbidity, which has ranged about 25% +/- 10%. Anticoagulation must be continued in the postoperative period, accepting wound @entity5 as a fair "trade-off" to prevent recurrent @entity1 in areas inaccessible to the catheter. Postoperative use of heparin "buys time" to further assess marginal results of embolectomy allowing arteriography and careful planning of secondary operations to assure not only a viable but a functional limb. There is little mention in the literature to emphasize this approach, which we think is essential for long-term salvage. Early in the series, @entity0 were treated with heparin or embolectomy alone. There were 161 secondary operations in 135 @entity0 following embolectomy consisting of repeated thromboembolectomy, popliteal exploration, sympathectomy, bypass graft(s), angioplasty, and endarterectomy. Additionally, 44 @entity0 had a direct attack correcting the cardiac source of their @entity3 . Our overall mortality (12%) and limb salvage (95%) shows marked improvement compared with earlier reports. Therefore, we recommend combined embolectomy and heparin as the primary choice of therapy.

title: Arterial XXXX . A 20-year perspective.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the hypothesis that transendocardial injections of autologous mononuclear bone marrow cells in @entity0 with end-stage @entity2 could safely promote @entity4 and improve perfusion and myocardial contractility. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity0 were enrolled in this prospective, nonrandomized, open-label study (first 14 @entity0 , treatment; last 7 @entity0 , control). Baseline evaluations included complete clinical and laboratory evaluations, exercise stress (ramp treadmill), 2D Doppler echocardiogram, single-photon emission computed tomography perfusion scan, and 24-hour Holter monitoring. Bone marrow mononuclear cells were harvested, isolated, washed, and resuspended in saline for injection by NOGA catheter (15 injections of 0.2 cc). Electromechanical mapping was used to identify viable myocardium (unipolar voltage > or =6.9 mV) for treatment. Treated and control @entity0 underwent 2-month noninvasive follow-up, and treated @entity0 alone underwent a 4-month invasive follow-up according to standard protocols and with the same procedures used as at baseline. @entity0 population demographics and exercise test variables did not differ significantly between the treatment and control groups; only serum @entity3 and brain natriuretic peptide levels varied in laboratory evaluations at follow-up, being relatively higher in control @entity0 . At 2 months, there was a significant reduction in total reversible defect and improvement in global left ventricular function within the treatment group and between the treatment and control groups (P=0.02) on quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography analysis. At 4 months, there was improvement in ejection fraction from a baseline of 20% to 29% (P=0.003) and a reduction in end-systolic volume (P=0.03) in the treated @entity0 . Electromechanical mapping revealed significant mechanical improvement of the injected segments (P<0.0005) at 4 months after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the present study demonstrates the relative safety of intramyocardial injections of bone marrow-derived stem cells in @entity0 with severe @entity1 and the potential for improving myocardial blood flow with associated enhancement of regional and global left ventricular function.

title: Transendocardial, autologous bone marrow cell transplantation for severe, chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The adequacy of cerebral tissue oxygenation ( @entity7 ) is a central therapeutic end point in critically ill and anesthetized @entity0 . Clinically, @entity7 is currently measured indirectly, based on measurements of cerebrovascular oxygenation using near infrared spectroscopy and experimentally, using positron emission tomographic scanning. Recent developments in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry facilitate accurate, sensitive, and repeated measurements of @entity7 . EPR is similar to nuclear magnetic resonance but detects paramagnetic species. Because these species are not abundant in brain (or other tissues) in vivo, @entity1 -responsive paramagnetic @entity8 crystals implanted into the cerebral cortex are used for the measurement of @entity1 . The line widths of the EPR spectra of these materials are linear functions of @entity7 . We used EPR oximetry in anesthetized @entity2 to study the patterns of @entity7 during exposure to various inhaled and injected general anesthetics and to varying levels of inspired @entity1 . @entity2 anesthetized with 2.0 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration @entity6 maintained the largest @entity7 (38.0 +/- 4.5 mm Hg) and @entity2 anesthetized with @entity4 / @entity5 had the smallest @entity7 (3.5 +/- 0.3 mm Hg) at a fraction of inspired @entity1 (FIO(2)) of 0.21, P < 0.05. The maximal @entity7 achieved under @entity4 / @entity5 anesthesia with FIO(2) of 1.0 was 8.8 +/- 0.3 mm Hg, whereas @entity7 measured during @entity6 anesthesia with FIO(2) of 1.0 was 56.3 +/- 1.7 mm Hg (P < 0.05). These data highlight the experimental utility of EPR in measuring @entity7 during anesthesia and serve as a foundation for further study of @entity7 in response to physiologic perturbations and therapeutic interventions directed at preventing @entity3 . IMPLICATIONS: Using in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry, we studied the patterns of cerebral tissue oxygenation ( @entity7 ) during exposure to various inhaled and injected general anesthetics, and to varying levels of inspired @entity1 . These data show that inhaled anesthetics result in larger levels of @entity7 in the brain than do several injectable anesthetics. The results highlight the experimental utility of electron paramagnetic resonance in measuring @entity7 during anesthesia and serve as a foundation for further study of @entity7 in response to physiologic perturbations and therapeutic interventions directed at preventing @entity3 .

title: Electron paramagnetic resonance assessment of brain tissue XXXX tension in anesthetized @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The adequacy of cerebral tissue oxygenation ( @entity7 ) is a central therapeutic end point in critically ill and anesthetized @entity0 . Clinically, @entity7 is currently measured indirectly, based on measurements of cerebrovascular oxygenation using near infrared spectroscopy and experimentally, using positron emission tomographic scanning. Recent developments in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry facilitate accurate, sensitive, and repeated measurements of @entity7 . EPR is similar to nuclear magnetic resonance but detects paramagnetic species. Because these species are not abundant in brain (or other tissues) in vivo, @entity1 -responsive paramagnetic @entity8 crystals implanted into the cerebral cortex are used for the measurement of @entity1 . The line widths of the EPR spectra of these materials are linear functions of @entity7 . We used EPR oximetry in anesthetized @entity2 to study the patterns of @entity7 during exposure to various inhaled and injected general anesthetics and to varying levels of inspired @entity1 . @entity2 anesthetized with 2.0 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration @entity6 maintained the largest @entity7 (38.0 +/- 4.5 mm Hg) and @entity2 anesthetized with @entity4 / @entity5 had the smallest @entity7 (3.5 +/- 0.3 mm Hg) at a fraction of inspired @entity1 (FIO(2)) of 0.21, P < 0.05. The maximal @entity7 achieved under @entity4 / @entity5 anesthesia with FIO(2) of 1.0 was 8.8 +/- 0.3 mm Hg, whereas @entity7 measured during @entity6 anesthesia with FIO(2) of 1.0 was 56.3 +/- 1.7 mm Hg (P < 0.05). These data highlight the experimental utility of EPR in measuring @entity7 during anesthesia and serve as a foundation for further study of @entity7 in response to physiologic perturbations and therapeutic interventions directed at preventing @entity3 . IMPLICATIONS: Using in vivo electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry, we studied the patterns of cerebral tissue oxygenation ( @entity7 ) during exposure to various inhaled and injected general anesthetics, and to varying levels of inspired @entity1 . These data show that inhaled anesthetics result in larger levels of @entity7 in the brain than do several injectable anesthetics. The results highlight the experimental utility of electron paramagnetic resonance in measuring @entity7 during anesthesia and serve as a foundation for further study of @entity7 in response to physiologic perturbations and therapeutic interventions directed at preventing @entity3 .

title: Electron paramagnetic resonance assessment of brain tissue @entity1 tension in anesthetized XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have previously reported that @entity5 ( @entity5 ) contributes to @entity3 -reperfusion injury by degradation of troponin I, a regulatory element of the contractile proteins. MMP activities are also tightly regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs). The change in TIMPs during acute @entity3 -reperfusion injury is not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS: Isolated @entity0 hearts were perfused either aerobically for 75 minutes or subjected to 15, 20, or 25 minutes of global, no-flow @entity1 followed by 30 minutes of aerobic reperfusion. During reperfusion after @entity1 , there was a rapid, enhanced release of @entity6 , the most abundant @entity4 in the heart, into the coronary effluent, as shown both by reverse zymography and Western blot. There was a negative correlation between the recovery of cardiac mechanical function and the release of @entity6 during reperfusion in hearts subjected to different durations of @entity1 . Immunogold electron microscopy revealed a close association of @entity6 with the sarcomeres in aerobically perfused hearts. Moreover, @entity6 was present only in thin myofilaments prepared from aerobically perfused hearts but not in ischemic-reperfused hearts. An enhanced MMP activity was shown in ischemic-reperfused hearts by in situ zymography. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of @entity6 from the cardiac myocyte leads to an increase in net myocardial MMP activity that contributes to acute @entity2 .

title: Imbalance between tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4 and matrix metalloproteinases during acute myocardial [correction of myoctardial] XXXX -reperfusion injury.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) are often used in the treatment of painful @entity2 . @entity4 is a @entity3 and weak @entity5 reuptake inhibitor antidepressant with a different profile of other pharmacologic actions from those of @entity7 . OBJECTIVE: To test if @entity4 would relieve painful @entity2 and compare its possible efficacy with that of the TCA @entity6 . METHODS: The study design was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled, with a three-way crossover. Forty @entity0 were assigned to one of the treatment sequences, and 29 completed all three study periods. The daily doses were @entity4 225 mg and @entity6 150 mg. During the three treatment periods, each of 4 weeks' duration, @entity0 rated @entity1 paroxysms, constant @entity1 , and touch- and pressure-evoked @entity1 by use of 0- to 10-point numeric rating scales. RESULTS: The sum of the individual @entity1 scores during treatment week 4 was lower on @entity4 (80% of baseline score; p = 0.006) and @entity6 (77%; p = 0.001) than on placebo (100%) and did not show any statistical difference between @entity4 and @entity6 (p = 0.44). The individual @entity1 scores for @entity1 paroxysms, constant @entity1 , and pressure-evoked @entity1 showed a similar pattern, whereas touch-evoked @entity1 was uncommon and was not altered by any of the drugs. Numbers needed to treat to obtain one @entity0 with moderate or @entity1 relief were 5.2 for @entity4 and 2.7 for @entity6 . CONCLUSION: @entity4 relieves @entity1 in @entity2 and may be as effective as @entity6 .

title: XXXX versus @entity6 in painful @entity2 : a randomized, controlled trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) are often used in the treatment of painful @entity2 . @entity4 is a @entity3 and weak @entity5 reuptake inhibitor antidepressant with a different profile of other pharmacologic actions from those of @entity7 . OBJECTIVE: To test if @entity4 would relieve painful @entity2 and compare its possible efficacy with that of the TCA @entity6 . METHODS: The study design was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled, with a three-way crossover. Forty @entity0 were assigned to one of the treatment sequences, and 29 completed all three study periods. The daily doses were @entity4 225 mg and @entity6 150 mg. During the three treatment periods, each of 4 weeks' duration, @entity0 rated @entity1 paroxysms, constant @entity1 , and touch- and pressure-evoked @entity1 by use of 0- to 10-point numeric rating scales. RESULTS: The sum of the individual @entity1 scores during treatment week 4 was lower on @entity4 (80% of baseline score; p = 0.006) and @entity6 (77%; p = 0.001) than on placebo (100%) and did not show any statistical difference between @entity4 and @entity6 (p = 0.44). The individual @entity1 scores for @entity1 paroxysms, constant @entity1 , and pressure-evoked @entity1 showed a similar pattern, whereas touch-evoked @entity1 was uncommon and was not altered by any of the drugs. Numbers needed to treat to obtain one @entity0 with moderate or @entity1 relief were 5.2 for @entity4 and 2.7 for @entity6 . CONCLUSION: @entity4 relieves @entity1 in @entity2 and may be as effective as @entity6 .

title: @entity4 versus @entity6 in painful XXXX : a randomized, controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) are often used in the treatment of painful @entity2 . @entity4 is a @entity3 and weak @entity5 reuptake inhibitor antidepressant with a different profile of other pharmacologic actions from those of @entity7 . OBJECTIVE: To test if @entity4 would relieve painful @entity2 and compare its possible efficacy with that of the TCA @entity6 . METHODS: The study design was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled, with a three-way crossover. Forty @entity0 were assigned to one of the treatment sequences, and 29 completed all three study periods. The daily doses were @entity4 225 mg and @entity6 150 mg. During the three treatment periods, each of 4 weeks' duration, @entity0 rated @entity1 paroxysms, constant @entity1 , and touch- and pressure-evoked @entity1 by use of 0- to 10-point numeric rating scales. RESULTS: The sum of the individual @entity1 scores during treatment week 4 was lower on @entity4 (80% of baseline score; p = 0.006) and @entity6 (77%; p = 0.001) than on placebo (100%) and did not show any statistical difference between @entity4 and @entity6 (p = 0.44). The individual @entity1 scores for @entity1 paroxysms, constant @entity1 , and pressure-evoked @entity1 showed a similar pattern, whereas touch-evoked @entity1 was uncommon and was not altered by any of the drugs. Numbers needed to treat to obtain one @entity0 with moderate or @entity1 relief were 5.2 for @entity4 and 2.7 for @entity6 . CONCLUSION: @entity4 relieves @entity1 in @entity2 and may be as effective as @entity6 .

title: @entity4 versus XXXX in painful @entity2 : a randomized, controlled trial.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may both present with @entity1 and @entity2 in pregnancy. Our objective is to test the possibility of distinguishing @entity3 from @entity4 by means of uteroplacental flows and maternal circulating sFlt-1/ @entity6 ratio. Design. Prospective analysis. Population. Seventy-six @entity0 (35 @entity3 , 24 @entity4 , and 17 other @entity1 ), with at least one sFlt-1/ @entity6 and Doppler evaluation after the 20th gestational week. Methods. Maternal sFlt-1- @entity6 were determined by immunoassays. Abnormal uterine artery Doppler was defined as resistance index >=  0.58. Umbilical Doppler was defined with gestational-age-adjusted Pulsatility Index. Clinical diagnosis was considered as reference. Performance of Doppler study was assessed by sensitivity analysis; sFlt-1/ @entity6 cut-off values were determined by ROC curves. Results. The lowest sFlt-1/ @entity6 ratio (8.29) was detected in @entity3 , the highest in @entity4 (317.32) (P < 0.001). Uteroplacental flows were mostly preserved in @entity3 @entity0 in contrast to @entity4 (P < 0.001). ROC analysis suggested two cut-points: sFlt-1/ @entity6 >=  32.81 (sensitivity 82.93%; specificity 91.43%) and sFlt-1/ @entity6 >=  78.75 (sensitivity 62.89%, specificity 97.14%). Specificity reached 100% at sFlt-1/ @entity6 >=  142.21 (sensitivity: 48.8%). Early- @entity5 was associated with higher sFlt-1/ @entity6 ratio and abnormal uteroplacental flows relative to late-preterm and term deliveries. Conclusions. sFlt-1/ @entity6 ratio and uteroplacental flows significantly correlated with @entity4 or @entity3 and @entity5 .

title: Is It Possible to Differentiate @entity3 and XXXX by means of New and Old Biomarkers? A Prospective Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may both present with @entity1 and @entity2 in pregnancy. Our objective is to test the possibility of distinguishing @entity3 from @entity4 by means of uteroplacental flows and maternal circulating sFlt-1/ @entity6 ratio. Design. Prospective analysis. Population. Seventy-six @entity0 (35 @entity3 , 24 @entity4 , and 17 other @entity1 ), with at least one sFlt-1/ @entity6 and Doppler evaluation after the 20th gestational week. Methods. Maternal sFlt-1- @entity6 were determined by immunoassays. Abnormal uterine artery Doppler was defined as resistance index >=  0.58. Umbilical Doppler was defined with gestational-age-adjusted Pulsatility Index. Clinical diagnosis was considered as reference. Performance of Doppler study was assessed by sensitivity analysis; sFlt-1/ @entity6 cut-off values were determined by ROC curves. Results. The lowest sFlt-1/ @entity6 ratio (8.29) was detected in @entity3 , the highest in @entity4 (317.32) (P < 0.001). Uteroplacental flows were mostly preserved in @entity3 @entity0 in contrast to @entity4 (P < 0.001). ROC analysis suggested two cut-points: sFlt-1/ @entity6 >=  32.81 (sensitivity 82.93%; specificity 91.43%) and sFlt-1/ @entity6 >=  78.75 (sensitivity 62.89%, specificity 97.14%). Specificity reached 100% at sFlt-1/ @entity6 >=  142.21 (sensitivity: 48.8%). Early- @entity5 was associated with higher sFlt-1/ @entity6 ratio and abnormal uteroplacental flows relative to late-preterm and term deliveries. Conclusions. sFlt-1/ @entity6 ratio and uteroplacental flows significantly correlated with @entity4 or @entity3 and @entity5 .

title: Is It Possible to Differentiate XXXX and @entity4 by means of New and Old Biomarkers? A Prospective Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity7 and @entity8 expression on response to @entity6 and/or @entity4 chemotherapy in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity0 with @entity3 , who used @entity6 and/or @entity4 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity7 and @entity8 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity2 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity0 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity3 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity0 with lung and @entity3 having low @entity8 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity8 expression and response to therapy in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity0 with lung and @entity5 with low @entity7 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity0 with @entity1 in which @entity8 and @entity7 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity0 with @entity3 showing low @entity8 and @entity7 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity0 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity8 and the survival in @entity3 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity7 expression and survival in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity8 in lung and @entity3 , and also @entity7 in lung and @entity5 .

title: @entity8 and @entity7 as a predictive parameter for @entity3 treated with XXXX and/or @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity7 and @entity8 expression on response to @entity6 and/or @entity4 chemotherapy in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity0 with @entity3 , who used @entity6 and/or @entity4 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity7 and @entity8 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity2 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity0 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity3 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity0 with lung and @entity3 having low @entity8 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity8 expression and response to therapy in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity0 with lung and @entity5 with low @entity7 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity0 with @entity1 in which @entity8 and @entity7 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity0 with @entity3 showing low @entity8 and @entity7 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity0 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity8 and the survival in @entity3 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity7 expression and survival in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity8 in lung and @entity3 , and also @entity7 in lung and @entity5 .

title: XXXX and @entity7 as a predictive parameter for @entity3 treated with @entity6 and/or @entity4 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity7 and @entity8 expression on response to @entity6 and/or @entity4 chemotherapy in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity0 with @entity3 , who used @entity6 and/or @entity4 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity7 and @entity8 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity2 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity0 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity3 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity0 with lung and @entity3 having low @entity8 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity8 expression and response to therapy in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity0 with lung and @entity5 with low @entity7 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity0 with @entity1 in which @entity8 and @entity7 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity0 with @entity3 showing low @entity8 and @entity7 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity0 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity8 and the survival in @entity3 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity7 expression and survival in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity8 in lung and @entity3 , and also @entity7 in lung and @entity5 .

title: @entity8 and XXXX as a predictive parameter for @entity3 treated with @entity6 and/or @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity7 and @entity8 expression on response to @entity6 and/or @entity4 chemotherapy in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity0 with @entity3 , who used @entity6 and/or @entity4 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity7 and @entity8 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity2 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity0 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity3 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity0 with lung and @entity3 having low @entity8 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity8 expression and response to therapy in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity0 with lung and @entity5 with low @entity7 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity0 with @entity1 in which @entity8 and @entity7 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity0 with @entity3 showing low @entity8 and @entity7 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity0 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity8 and the survival in @entity3 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity7 expression and survival in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity8 in lung and @entity3 , and also @entity7 in lung and @entity5 .

title: @entity8 and @entity7 as a predictive parameter for @entity3 treated with @entity6 and/or XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the impact of @entity7 and @entity8 expression on response to @entity6 and/or @entity4 chemotherapy in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity0 with @entity3 , who used @entity6 and/or @entity4 therapy were included; hospital files were examined and @entity7 and @entity8 expression were evaluated with an immunohistochemical method on tissue cross sections from paraffin blocks of the @entity2 . RESULTS: Out of 89 @entity0 , 51%, 30% and 19% had @entity3 , respectively. The response rates to the therapy in @entity0 with lung and @entity3 having low @entity8 expression were 62% and 90%, respectively (p = 0.028 and p = 0.044, respectively). No significant association was found between @entity8 expression and response to therapy in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.354). Therapeutic response rates in @entity0 with lung and @entity5 with low @entity7 expression were 60% and 82%, respectively. Survival rates were higher in @entity0 with @entity1 in which @entity8 and @entity7 expressions were low. Median survival duration in @entity0 with @entity3 showing low @entity8 and @entity7 expressions was longer than that seen in @entity0 with high expressions. Although no significant correlation was found between @entity8 and the survival in @entity3 (p = 0.183), there was a significant correlation between @entity7 expression and survival in @entity0 with @entity5 (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest a predictive value of @entity8 in lung and @entity3 , and also @entity7 in lung and @entity5 .

title: @entity8 and @entity7 as a predictive parameter for XXXX treated with @entity6 and/or @entity4 .

answer: @entity3