abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is 1.5 times more frequent in @entity0 than @entity0 . Whether age modifies this ratio is unclear. We examined whether male-to-female (M-F) ratios change with age through a French nationwide prevalence/incidence study (2010) and a meta-analysis of incidence studies. METHODS: We used French national drug claims databases to identify @entity1 cases using a validated algorithm. We computed M-F prevalence/incidence ratios overall and by age using Poisson regression. Ratios were regressed on age to estimate their annual change. We identified all @entity1 incidence studies with age/sex-specific data, and performed a meta-analysis of M-F ratios. RESULTS: On the basis of 149 672 prevalent (50% @entity0 ) and 25 438 incident (49% @entity0 ) cases, age-standardised rates were higher in @entity0 (prevalence=2.865/1000; incidence=0.490/1000 @entity0 -years) than @entity0 (prevalence=1.934/1000; incidence=0.328/1000 @entity0 -years). The overall M-F ratio was 1.48 for prevalence and 1.49 for incidence. Prevalence and incidence M-F ratios increased by 0.05 and 0.14, respectively, per 10 years of age. Incidence was similar in @entity0 and @entity0 under 50 years (M-F ratio <1.2, p>0.20), and over 1.6 (p<0.001) times higher in @entity0 than @entity0 above 80 years (p trend <0.001). A meta-analysis of 22 incidence studies (14 126 cases, 46% @entity0 ) confirmed that M- F ratios increased with age (0.26 per 10 years, p trend=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Age-increasing M-F ratios suggest that @entity1 aetiology changes with age. Sex-related risk/protective factors may play a different role across the continuum of age at onset. This finding may inform aetiological @entity1 research.

title: XXXX male-to-female ratios increase with age: French nationwide study and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We present the case of a 17-year-old @entity0 suffering from progressive @entity8 from whom 2 total hip prostheses and 2 total knee prostheses were necessary. We have to do with a recessive @entity1 characterized by a lysis of the articular cartilage. This leads to an early @entity5 . The clinic is mainly characterized by various complaints such as @entity2 , @entity9 , limitation or swelling causing a significant @entity6 from childhood. The first joints affected are situated in the hands, later followed by the hips, elbows and knees. The X-rays show severe, multifocal @entity3 which are unusual for the age. The genetic mutation concerns the @entity10 gene actively expressed by articular chondrocytes and located on chromosome 6. The differential diagnosis is done with a series of @entity1 in @entity0 and @entity7 . We mainly retain the @entity4 . A symptomatic medical treatment can be undertaken first. However, given the evolving nature of the pathology, a joint replacement surgery is needed once the @entity0 's growth is finished (second decade of life).

title: [Progressive XXXX . Case report].

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fractional resurfacing is a new laser treatment used mainly for treating photoaging and @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the efficacy of @entity2 ( @entity1 ) fractional resurfacing laser treatment using high-resolution ultrasound imaging and to evaluate factors predictive of response to the treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study was undertaken from January 2007 to August 2009. Laser treatment was performed using a @entity1 fractional resurfacing device. @entity0 were offered high-resolution ultrasound imaging to follow up their treatment. Dermal and subepidermal nonechogenic band (SENEB) thicknesses were measured. RESULTS: Twenty-four consecutive @entity0 were included, allowing follow-up of 107 areas. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase in dermal thickness (mean variation +25.1%, (95% confidence interval=19.0-31.2). SENEB thickness was not changed. Older age and greater initial thickness were associated with a smaller increase in dermal thickness according to multivariate analysis. The region treated was also found to be a significant predictive factor. Smoking, topical anesthesia, severity of local side effects induced by the laser treatment, and phototype were not associated with significant modification of dermal thickness after laser treatment. CONCLUSION: This is the first report on the use of high-resolution ultrasound imaging to assess the efficacy of fractional laser operating with standard parameters. Increase in dermal thickness was evidenced, possibly explained by collagen neosynthesis or conformational changes in the extracellular matrix component, increasing dermal hydration, although there was no modification of SENEB thickness, suggesting that the skin retains the sequelae of ageing. The treatment appeared to be more effective in younger @entity0 , probably because their fibroblasts are more prone to synthesizing collagen. Thinner skins were more effectively treated than thicker skins because they could be stimulated throughout their thickness with the treatment parameters used.

title: High-resolution ultrasound imaging to demonstrate and predict efficacy of XXXX fractional resurfacing laser treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To compare 167 Norwegian @entity0 and nonhuman @entity1 O157:H7/NM (nonmotile) isolates with respect to an @entity3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the tir gene and to detect specific SNPs that differentiate STEC O157 into distinct virulence clades (1-3 and 8). METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed a multiplex PCR followed by single base sequencing for detection of the SNPs, and examined the association among SNP genotype, virulence profile (stx and eae status), multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) profile and clinical outcome. We found an over-representation of the T allele among @entity0 strains compared to nonhuman strains, including 5/6 @entity2 cases. Fourteen strains belonged to clade 8, followed by two clade 2 strains. No clade 1 nor 3 isolates were observed. @entity4 in combination with either @entity5 (EDL933) or @entity5 were frequently observed among @entity0 strains, whereas @entity5 was dominating in nonhuman strains. MLVA indicated that only single cases or small outbreaks with @entity1 O157 have been observed in Norway through the years 1993-2008. CONCLUSION: We observed that the tir @entity6 SNP and the stx status were different between @entity0 and nonhuman O157 strains. No major outbreaks were observed, and only a few strains were differentiated into the virulence clades 2 and 8. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The detection of virulence clade-specific SNPs enables the rapid designation of virulent @entity1 O157 strains, especially in outbreak situations.

title: Detection of virulent XXXX O157 strains using multiplex PCR and single base sequencing for SNP characterization.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Though routine neuroimaging is usually normal in essential @entity3 (ET) there is clinical evidence of widespread involvement of central nervous system. This study aimed at determining morphological changes in brain of @entity0 with ET using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis and also compare the subtypes of ET. METHODS: Clinical and imaging data of 20 @entity0 (5 @entity0 , 15 @entity0 ; mean age 38.2    16.5 years) of ET were collected prospectively. To determine areas of gray matter (GM) @entity2 , T1W volumetric MRI data of @entity0 were compared with 17 matched control subjects using VBM analysis with Statistical Parametric Mapping 5. RESULTS: Compared to controls, @entity0 showed scattered areas of cerebral and @entity1 . Voxel-wise analysis of @entity0 with and without head @entity3 showed widespread areas of @entity2 in cerebral hemispheres of @entity0 with head @entity3 . No difference was observed between the familial and nonfamilial subgroups of ET. Multiple regression analysis revealed relationship between @entity2 and @entity3 severity score. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with ET showed widespread areas of @entity2 in both cerebellum and cerebral GM, which supports the current concept of the progressive and diffuse nature of ET. @entity0 with additional head @entity3 may represent a distinct subgroup of ET.

title: Decrease in cerebral and cerebellar gray matter in essential XXXX : a voxel-based morphometric analysis under 3T MRI.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Due to high @entity2 risks, @entity1 carrying a @entity6 mutation face a complex choice between @entity4 surveillance and prophylactic surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate educational-support groups, which are offered to facilitate mutual support between @entity5 mutation carriers and to provide adequate information. METHODS: Female @entity5 mutation carriers were approached by a social worker after genetic test disclosure and offered participation in educational-support groups. Data regarding emotional well-being, @entity0 risk knowledge and perception, @entity2 risk management behaviour and family communication were collected both before (T1) and after group participation (T2). RESULTS: Of the 34 @entity1 , mean levels of negative mood states at T1 were significantly higher compared to those of a norm group ( @entity3 p < 0.001, anger p < 0.001, fatigue p = 0.04, tension p = 0.03) and remained high at T2. Self-perceived @entity0 risk and frequency of @entity2 thoughts were high both at T1 and T2. @entity0 risk knowledge was accurate both at T1 and T2; @entity1 either followed current surveillance advices or obtained prophylactic surgery. Communication with the family of origin was significantly reduced at T2 compared to T1 (p = 0.02). At T2, all @entity1 indicated that group participation highly met their needs of @entity5 -related information to support their decision-making processes regarding @entity2 surveillance or prophylactic surgery. CONCLUSION: After following an educational support group female @entity5 mutation carriers were able to make @entity2 risk management decisions but still reported high levels of emotional distress while family communication appeared diminished.

title: Educational-support groups for XXXX mutation carriers satisfy need for information but do not affect emotional distress.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity1 phosphorylation (pTyr) regulates important cell functions and plays a key role in @entity0 . The purpose of this study was to perform a comprehensive study of the @entity4 proteome. Immunoaffinity enriched pTyr proteins and peptides from K562 @entity2 cells were analyzed with high-resolving liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Two different antibodies selective for the pTyr modification were used in repeated enrichments to identify as many pTyr peptides as possible. Stringent verification of putative pTyr sites was performed to assure high reliability in the subsequent biological interpretation of the data. Identified pTyr proteins were subjected to pathway analysis by using different analytical tools. In total, 294 pTyr peptides belonging to 217 pTyr proteins were identified, 15 of which had not previously been reported to be modified by pTyr. The pTyr proteins were clustered in six major groups based on the biological functions "cellular signaling", "cell motility and shape", "cell cycle process", "transport", "RNA processing" and "protein processing". The pTyr proteins were mainly positioned in the following cellular compartments: cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, nucleus and ribonucleoprotein complexes. An interesting finding was that many proteins were related to RNA processing and were found to be heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins. Also, more than half of the novel pTyr proteins were localized to the nucleus, of which three ( @entity8 , @entity3 and @entity5 ) were classified as transcription factors and two ( @entity7 and @entity6 ) are associated with cell division control.

title: Toward a comprehensive characterization of the XXXX proteome.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model has been tested for its ability to predict soil erosion, runoff, and sediment delivery over a wide range of conditions and scales for both hillslopes and watersheds. Since its release in 1995, there has been considerable interest in adding a chemical transport element to it. Total @entity2 (TP) loss at the watershed outlet was simulated as the product of TP in the soil, amount of sediment at the watershed outlet, and an enrichment ratio (ER) factor. WEPP can be coupled with a simple algorithm to simulate @entity2 transport bound to sediment at the watershed outlet. The objective of this work was to incorporate and test the ability of WEPP in estimatingTP loss with sediment at the small watershed scale. Two approaches were examined. One approach (P-EER) estimated ER according to an empirical relationship; the other approach used the ER calculated by WEPP (P-WER).The data used for model performance test were obtained from two side-by-side watersheds monitored between 1976 and 1980. The watershed sizes were 5.05 and 6.37 ha, and each was in a @entity3 ( @entity1 .)- @entity0 [ @entity0 .] rotation. Measured and simulated results were compared for the period April to October in each year. There was no statistical difference between the mean measured and simulated TP loss. The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient was 0.80 and 0.78 for the P-EER and P-WER methods, respectively. It was critical for both methods that WEPP adequately represent the biggest sediment yield events because sediment is the main driver for TP loss so that the model can adequately simulate TP losses bound to sediment. The P-WER method is recommended because it does not require use of empirical parameters to estimate TP loss at the watershed outlet.

title: Modeling XXXX transport in an agricultural watershed using the WEPP model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In patients taking @entity6 ( @entity6 ) for @entity3 , adverse effects (AEs) often lead to unfavorable quality of life, impaired adherence, and, eventually, discontinuation of pharmacological treatment. In a true-to-life sample of subjects from our academic @entity3 outpatient clinic, we aimed to identify predictors for overall high AE burden and for specific AEs focusing on @entity0 on monotherapy. METHODS: All @entity0 >= 16years of age with @entity3 for >= 12months were routinely asked to complete the Liverpool Adverse Event Profile (LAEP) just before their appointment. @entity3 , and treatment variables were derived from our comprehensive outpatient database. RESULTS: Out of 841 @entity0 , 438 (61% female, mean age: 44.7  17.1years) on monotherapy were included in this study. @entity12 (n=151), @entity11 (n=167), @entity7 (n=73), or controlled-release @entity8 (n=47) were the most commonly used @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Independent predictors for general high AE burden (LAEP score>= 45) were duration of @entity3 , lack of 12-month @entity5 freedom, and @entity3 , but none of the four individual @entity6 . The most frequent LAEP-defined specific AEs were @entity1 , difficulty concentrating, @entity10 . The three most frequent independent predictors for each of the 19 AEs were lack of 12-month @entity5 freedom (13/19 AEs), individual AED (7/19 AEs), and @entity3 (6/19 AEs). @entity12 was independently associated with anger/ @entity2 , nervousness/ @entity9 , upset stomach, @entity4 , and @entity1 ; @entity11 with nervousness/ @entity9 , upset stomach, and difficulty concentrating; and @entity7 with upset stomach and shaky hands. CONCLUSION: Individual @entity6 independently predicted some specific AEs, but not overall high AE burden. Our findings may help to characterize @entity0 with @entity3 who are at high risk for specific AEs. Dose reduction or change to another AED may reduce LAEP score and potential nonadherence.

title: Specific adverse effects of XXXX - A true-to-life monotherapy study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 are a versatile option for the treatment of mild-to-moderate @entity4 due to their availability in a wide range of potencies and formulations. Occlusion of the corticosteroid is a widely accepted procedure to enhance the penetration of the medication, thereby improving its effectiveness. @entity6 ( @entity5 ) is a moderately potent corticosteroid that is available as a cream, ointment, and lotion. A ready-to-use occlusive dressing, which provides a continuous sustained release of @entity5 , has been developed for the treatment of @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new @entity5 0.1% plaster compared with a @entity5 0.1% cream in @entity0 with mild-to-moderate @entity1 . METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, assessor-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled, multicenter, phase III study. Eligible outpatients (aged >= 18 years) with a diagnosis of stable, chronic @entity4 with two to four plaques on extensor surfaces of limbs were randomized to receive @entity5 0.1% plaster or @entity5 0.1% cream for 3-5 weeks; @entity0 with resolution of target plaques then entered a 3-month, treatment-free, follow-up period. The number of @entity0 showing clearing of plaques (remission) at 3 weeks (primary endpoint) and at 5 weeks was independently evaluated from digitized images of target plaques by two blinded assessors, and also assessed by the investigator and @entity0 . Additional endpoints were (i) change from baseline in target plaque size and in Psoriasis Global Assessment (PGA) score, as evaluated by the blinded assessors, investigator, and @entity0 ; (ii) change from baseline in symptom ( @entity2 , soreness) severity; (iii) treatment satisfaction and ease of use; (iv) clearing and relapse during the follow-up period; and (v) adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: @entity0 (n   =   231) were screened and randomized to treatment with @entity5 0.1% plaster (n   =   116) and @entity5 0.1% cream (n   =   115). Significantly more @entity0 achieved clearing after 3 weeks' treatment with @entity5 plaster than with @entity5 cream (Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test, p   <   0.001); this difference was maintained at 5 weeks. The total plaque area decreased to a larger extent for the @entity5 plaster group compared with the @entity5 cream group (analysis of covariance [ANCOVA] model, p   =   0.017 at week 5). PGA scores were significantly lower after 3 and 5 weeks' treatment with @entity5 plaster (ANCOVA model, all p    <=   0.016 vs @entity5 cream). Both treatments reduced @entity2 and soreness to a similar degree, and the incidences of relapse during the follow-up period were comparable between treatment groups. There were no significant differences in AEs between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 0.1% plaster is more efficacious than @entity5 0.1% cream in the treatment of @entity0 with mild-to-moderate @entity1 in a clinical setting resembling daily clinical practice.

title: Efficacy and safety of the XXXX 0.1% plaster in mild-to-moderate @entity1 : a randomized, parallel-group, active-controlled, phase III study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 are a versatile option for the treatment of mild-to-moderate @entity4 due to their availability in a wide range of potencies and formulations. Occlusion of the corticosteroid is a widely accepted procedure to enhance the penetration of the medication, thereby improving its effectiveness. @entity6 ( @entity5 ) is a moderately potent corticosteroid that is available as a cream, ointment, and lotion. A ready-to-use occlusive dressing, which provides a continuous sustained release of @entity5 , has been developed for the treatment of @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new @entity5 0.1% plaster compared with a @entity5 0.1% cream in @entity0 with mild-to-moderate @entity1 . METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, assessor-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled, multicenter, phase III study. Eligible outpatients (aged >= 18 years) with a diagnosis of stable, chronic @entity4 with two to four plaques on extensor surfaces of limbs were randomized to receive @entity5 0.1% plaster or @entity5 0.1% cream for 3-5 weeks; @entity0 with resolution of target plaques then entered a 3-month, treatment-free, follow-up period. The number of @entity0 showing clearing of plaques (remission) at 3 weeks (primary endpoint) and at 5 weeks was independently evaluated from digitized images of target plaques by two blinded assessors, and also assessed by the investigator and @entity0 . Additional endpoints were (i) change from baseline in target plaque size and in Psoriasis Global Assessment (PGA) score, as evaluated by the blinded assessors, investigator, and @entity0 ; (ii) change from baseline in symptom ( @entity2 , soreness) severity; (iii) treatment satisfaction and ease of use; (iv) clearing and relapse during the follow-up period; and (v) adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: @entity0 (n   =   231) were screened and randomized to treatment with @entity5 0.1% plaster (n   =   116) and @entity5 0.1% cream (n   =   115). Significantly more @entity0 achieved clearing after 3 weeks' treatment with @entity5 plaster than with @entity5 cream (Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test, p   <   0.001); this difference was maintained at 5 weeks. The total plaque area decreased to a larger extent for the @entity5 plaster group compared with the @entity5 cream group (analysis of covariance [ANCOVA] model, p   =   0.017 at week 5). PGA scores were significantly lower after 3 and 5 weeks' treatment with @entity5 plaster (ANCOVA model, all p    <=   0.016 vs @entity5 cream). Both treatments reduced @entity2 and soreness to a similar degree, and the incidences of relapse during the follow-up period were comparable between treatment groups. There were no significant differences in AEs between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 0.1% plaster is more efficacious than @entity5 0.1% cream in the treatment of @entity0 with mild-to-moderate @entity1 in a clinical setting resembling daily clinical practice.

title: Efficacy and safety of the @entity6 0.1% plaster in mild-to-moderate XXXX : a randomized, parallel-group, active-controlled, phase III study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Disc cysts are rare intraspinal extradural lesions that communicate with the intervertebral disc and can mimic the symptoms of @entity3 . Initially reported in the Japanese-language literature as a new entity ( @entity1 ), there are few documented cases in North America, and only 1 prior case in the pediatric population. The authors present the case of a 16-year-old @entity0 with an intervertebral disc cyst causing @entity2 that progressed despite conservative treatment. All medical records, imaging studies, intraoperative findings, and pertinent literature were reviewed. Serial preoperative MR imaging revealed enlargement of the intraspinal cyst at the L4-5 level, resulting in compression of the right L-5 nerve root. Enlargement of the cyst occurred over a 4-month period despite conservative treatment with physical therapy and corticosteroid injections. Microsurgical discectomy and excision of the cyst resulted in complete resolution of the @entity2 . An intervertebral disc cyst is a rare entity in the adult population and exceedingly rare in the pediatric population but should remain in the differential diagnosis of any intraspinal extradural mass. The authors hypothesize that there exists a spectrum of this entity that may not be responsive to conservative therapy. Cyst excision alone or in conjunction with microsurgical discectomy is safe and effective in treating @entity2 caused by disc cysts.

title: Presentation and progression of a disc cyst in a pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Vocal @entity1 is one of the challenging laryngeal clinical entities confronting the Laryngologist and indeed, the Phono-surgeon. The ability to maintain an effective balance between voice and airway function to ensure good quality of life requires expertise. This study is therefore designed to highlight our experience on surgical management of @entity3 . METHOD: Clinical notes of all @entity0 that met the inclusion criteria for this study on @entity3 over a ten-year period were analysed. Data was generated from @entity0 ' case files retrieved using standard codes according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). RESULTS: From the 7,941 new ENT cases seen, 26 @entity0 had @entity3 ( @entity3 ) giving a prevalence of 0.3%. The male to female ratio was 1: 4.2 with a mean age of 45.7years    6.3. Their ages ranged from 21-80 years. Thyroidectomy was the main causal factor in 46.2% while idiopathic causes was documented in 23.1%. Twenty-three @entity0 (88.5%) had unilateral @entity3 from which 21(91.3%) were abductor paralysis. The ratio of Left: Right @entity3 was 3:1. All the 3 bilateral cases were abductor paralysis. Neurotropic agents only, were effective in cases of unilateral @entity3 . However, in those with @entity1 , two had tracheostomy only, while the third had a laryngo-fissure, arytenoidoplasty and endo-laryngeal stenting in addition. All were successfully decannulated with @entity2 . CONCLUSION: With these observations, we suggest the choice of appropriate surgical technique, timing and careful @entity0 selection in order to preserve voice, curtail operative sequelae and achieve good quality of life (QoL) which is the overall management strategy, be borne in mind.

title: SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS: THE NEED FOR CAREFUL XXXX SELECTION.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To investigate the differences in the pharmacokinetics of Prograf and the prolonged release formulation Advagraf and to develop a Bayesian estimator to estimate @entity1 inter-dose area under the curve (AUC) in renal transplant @entity0 receiving either Prograf or Advagraf. METHODS: @entity1 concentration-time profiles were collected, in adult renal transplant recipients, at weeks 1 and 2, and at months 1, 3 and 6 post-transplantation from 32 Prograf treated @entity0 , and one profile was collected from 41 Advagraf @entity0 more than 12 months post-transplantation. Population pharmacokinetic (popPK) parameters were estimated using nonmem. In a second step, the popPK model was used to develop a single Bayesian estimator for the two @entity1 formulations. RESULTS: A two-compartment model with Erlang absorption (n= 3) and first-order elimination best described the data. In Advagraf @entity0 , a bimodal distribution was observed for the absorption rate constant (K(tr) ): one group with a K(tr) similar to that of Prograf treated @entity0 and the other group with a slower absorption. A mixture model for K(tr) was tested to describe this bimodal distribution. However, the data were best described by the nonmixture model including covariates ( @entity2 , haematocrit and drug formulation). Using this model and @entity1 concentrations measured at 0, 1 and 3h post-dose, the Bayesian estimator could estimate @entity1 AUC accurately (bias = 0.1%) and with good precision (8.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The single Bayesian estimator developed yields good predictive performance for estimation of individual @entity1 inter-dose AUC in Prograf and Advagraf treated @entity0 and is suitable for clinical practice.

title: Population pharmacokinetic model and Bayesian estimator for two XXXX formulations--twice daily Prograf and once daily Advagraf.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate cell catabolism by balance of @entity4 and @entity3 , and @entity2 excretion in @entity0 post-cardiac surgery; to establish protein and energy requirements to minimize catabolism; and to assess nutritional therapy by following these parameters and serial anthropometric measurements. METHODS: A prospective observational study of @entity0 with @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery. Blood samples and 24-h urine collections were obtained postoperatively for @entity2 measurement and @entity4 and @entity3 balance. Anthropometric measurements (weight, mid-arm muscle circumference and triceps skinfold thickness) were obtained preoperatively and at paediatric intensive care unit and hospital discharge. RESULTS: Eleven @entity0 were studied for 3-10 postoperative days. Anabolism was associated with higher protein and energy intakes compared to catabolism (1.1 vs. 0.1   g/kg/day and 54 vs. 17   kcal/kg/day, respectively). On days with anabolism, @entity3 balance was greater compared with that on days with catabolism. Daily @entity2 excretion did not correlate with protein balance. Anthropometric measurements did not change significantly over time. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery achieved anabolism with >55   kcal/kg/day and >1   g/kg/day of protein. Balance of @entity3 was useful to monitor cell breakdown. Anthropometric measurements were not valuable to evaluate nutritional therapy in this population.

title: Monitoring of protein catabolism in neonates and young XXXX post-cardiac surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To report on a different clinical course of pandemic @entity2 among @entity0 who were @entity1 before the acute onset of the disease, in comparison with @entity0 who were neurologically intact. METHODS: In a period of 6   months, six @entity0 with @entity1 associated with @entity2 were identified in a single institution paediatric emergency room. The @entity0 suffered from @entity3 or @entity5 during @entity2 . All @entity0 underwent extensive clinical and laboratory assessment. Three @entity0 were @entity1 before the acute onset of the @entity2 . The other three were neurologically intact before the acute @entity6 . RESULTS: In all six @entity0 , pandemic @entity4 (H1N1) viral RNA was detected in nasopharyngeal specimens but none in the cerebrospinal fluid. Five @entity0 fully recovered or returned to baseline at discharge. The clinical course of the disease and recovery were different between the @entity0 who were @entity1 before the acute @entity6 and those who were neurologically intact. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible that @entity0 with various neurological conditions are in a higher risk to develop further @entity1 during pandemic @entity2 .

title: XXXX and pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 and its precursors @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) are associated with @entity4 by @entity6 ), in particular @entity8 and 18. The distribution of the HPV genotype varies with the severity of @entity10 , age and the geographic location of the @entity0 . We report the results of a population study carried out in a region of north-western (NW) Spain aimed at determining the prevalence of single and @entity4 by 35 types of HPV using low-density microarrays for 113 cases with negative for @entity2 or @entity1 ; 588 with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS)/ @entity9 ; 183 with @entity9 ; and seven cases of @entity5 . Of the 891 @entity0 analysed, 50.2% had single @entity4 and 49.8% had @entity7 . In @entity0 aged below 30 years, there was a predominance of @entity4 (p = 0.027). ASCUS/ @entity9 was associated with multiple and @entity9 with single @entity4 (p = 0.025). We observed significant @entity4 due to a high-risk (HR) type of HPV when the severity of the cytological lesion increased (p = 0.001). No relationship was found between greater @entity3 in the cytological diagnosis and a higher number of HPV types involved in @entity4 . The five most frequent genotypes were @entity8 (26.3%), 53 (18.2%), 51 (17.3%), 6 (14.8%) and 66 (13.1%). The prevalence of @entity8 , 33 and 58 increased significantly from ACUS/ @entity9 to @entity9 and the prevalence of HPV 51, 53 and 66 decreased. @entity8 was the only genotype that showed a significant increase in prevalence when the severity of the cytological disease increased in single @entity4 (p = 0.0001). The implementation of bivalent prophylactic vaccination could potentially lead to prevention in 32% of the population included in the study - in at least a quarter of @entity0 with ACUS/ @entity9 (26.7%), and in half of @entity9 (50.2%).

title: Prevalence of XXXX genotypes in cytologic abnormalities from unvaccinated @entity0 living in north-western Spain.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity1 and its precursors @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) are associated with @entity4 by @entity6 ), in particular @entity8 and 18. The distribution of the HPV genotype varies with the severity of @entity10 , age and the geographic location of the @entity0 . We report the results of a population study carried out in a region of north-western (NW) Spain aimed at determining the prevalence of single and @entity4 by 35 types of HPV using low-density microarrays for 113 cases with negative for @entity2 or @entity1 ; 588 with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS)/ @entity9 ; 183 with @entity9 ; and seven cases of @entity5 . Of the 891 @entity0 analysed, 50.2% had single @entity4 and 49.8% had @entity7 . In @entity0 aged below 30 years, there was a predominance of @entity4 (p = 0.027). ASCUS/ @entity9 was associated with multiple and @entity9 with single @entity4 (p = 0.025). We observed significant @entity4 due to a high-risk (HR) type of HPV when the severity of the cytological lesion increased (p = 0.001). No relationship was found between greater @entity3 in the cytological diagnosis and a higher number of HPV types involved in @entity4 . The five most frequent genotypes were @entity8 (26.3%), 53 (18.2%), 51 (17.3%), 6 (14.8%) and 66 (13.1%). The prevalence of @entity8 , 33 and 58 increased significantly from ACUS/ @entity9 to @entity9 and the prevalence of HPV 51, 53 and 66 decreased. @entity8 was the only genotype that showed a significant increase in prevalence when the severity of the cytological disease increased in single @entity4 (p = 0.0001). The implementation of bivalent prophylactic vaccination could potentially lead to prevention in 32% of the population included in the study - in at least a quarter of @entity0 with ACUS/ @entity9 (26.7%), and in half of @entity9 (50.2%).

title: Prevalence of @entity6 genotypes in cytologic abnormalities from unvaccinated XXXX living in north-western Spain.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) offers the best chance of cure for many @entity0 with congenital and acquired @entity5 . Unfortunately, transplantation of alloreactive donor T cells which recognize and damage healthy @entity0 tissues can result in @entity6 ( @entity6 ). One challenge to successful AHSCT is the prevention of @entity6 without associated impairment of the beneficial effects of donor T cells, particularly immune reconstitution and prevention of relapse. @entity6 can be prevented by non-specific depletion of donor T cells from stem cell grafts or by administration of pharmacological immunosuppression. Unfortunately these approaches increase @entity2 and disease relapse. An alternative strategy is to selectively deplete alloreactive donor T cells after allostimulation by recipient @entity3 ( @entity3 ) before transplant. Early clinical trials of these allodepletion strategies improved immune reconstitution after HLA-mismatched HSCT without excess @entity6 . However, some allodepletion techniques require specialized recipient @entity3 production and some approaches may have off-target effects including depletion of donor pathogen-specific T cells and CD4 T regulatory cells .One alternative approach is the inactivation of alloreactive donor T cells via induction of alloantigen-specific @entity7 . This is achieved by stimulating donor cells with recipient @entity3 while providing blockade of @entity4 -mediated co-stimulation signals.This "alloanergization" approach reduces alloreactivity by 1-2 logs while preserving pathogen- and @entity1 -associated antigen T cell responses in vitro. The strategy has been successfully employed in 2 completed and 1 ongoing clinical pilot studies in which alloanergized donor T cells were infused during or after HLA-mismatched HSCT resulting in rapid immune reconstitution, few @entity2 and less severe acute and chronic @entity6 than historical control recipients of unmanipulated HLA-mismatched transplantation. Here we describe our current protocol for the generation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) which have been alloanergized to HLA-mismatched unrelated stimulator PBMC. Alloanergization is achieved by allostimulation in the presence of monoclonal antibodies to the ligands @entity8 to block @entity4 -mediated costimulation. This technique does not require the production of specialized stimulator @entity3 and is simple to perform, requiring only a single and relatively brief ex vivo incubation step. As such, the approach can be easily standardized for clinical use to generate donor T cells with reduced alloreactivity but retaining pathogen-specific immunity for adoptive transfer in the setting of AHSCT to improve immune reconstitution without excessive @entity6 .

title: Induction of alloantigen-specific anergy in XXXX peripheral blood mononuclear cells by alloantigen stimulation with co-stimulatory signal blockade.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: This study used the OLGA system to characterize the histology pattern of @entity7 in dyspeptic outpatients with a mean age of 45 years from regions with different @entity4 risks. BACKGROUND: Several classification systems have been purposed for understanding the status of the gastric mucosa. Currently, the Sydney system is the most widely employed. Nevertheless, the applicability of the Sydney system in therapeutic and prognostic areas is a matter of debate. Given this shortcoming an international group of gastroenterologists and pathologists developed a new system named Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA). @entity0 AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional comparative study the OLGA system was used to characterize the histology pattern of @entity7 in 685 dyspeptic @entity0 referring to the department of gastroenterology of a training hospital. RESULTS: No significant correlation was found between active inflammation and total OLGA score (P > 0.05). Also, no statistically significant correlation was found between activity and @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity3 , and @entity1 (P > 0.05). Even though, there is a positive correlation between mild @entity2 and total OLGA score, no correlation has been identified between chronicity and @entity5 or @entity1 (P > 0.05). Nearly, In all cases with  no @entity5 OLGA score  was  zero but all @entity0 with @entity4 OLGA score was more than two. CONCLUSION: Generally, the activity is not a useful factor in predicting prognosis and its loss of relation with total OLGA score does not make OLGA score any less predictable.

title: XXXX : use of OLGA staging system in practice.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antidepressant-induced @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a common problem, associated with a significant risk of non-adherence. Selective @entity2 Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are associated with a substantial risk of @entity1 . Only 10 % of @entity0 show spontaneous improvement during follow up period. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare two proposed medication ( @entity3 vs. @entity4 ) in alleviating @entity1 in @entity0 treated with SSRIs. @entity0 AND METHODS: In a randomized, single-blinded, clinical trial in Iran, 46 @entity0 were recruited based on DSM-IV-TR criteria and semi-structured interview. Then, they were randomized into two treatment groups using table of random numbers. Eight @entity0 were excluded and finally 38 @entity0 completed the study which lasted for 4 weeks. Twenty @entity0 were given @entity3 , 18 @entity0 were randomly assigned to another group, and given @entity4 . @entity0 were assessed with the Arizona sexual experience scale (ASEX) at baseline and 4 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: A total of 38 @entity0 completed the study (18 @entity0 in @entity4 vs. 20 @entity0 in @entity3 ).The mean ASEX scores gradually declined in both study groups during the trial. The reduction of ASEX score in @entity3 group was more than that of @entity4 group that was statistically significant. So, the addition of @entity3 at higher doses appears to be more effective approach in comparison with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: These results provide empirical support for conducting a further study on comparing different add-on strategies for treating drug-induced @entity1 .

title: Comparing the Efficacy of XXXX and @entity4 on @entity1 Induced by a Selective @entity2 Reuptake Inhibitor.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antidepressant-induced @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a common problem, associated with a significant risk of non-adherence. Selective @entity2 Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are associated with a substantial risk of @entity1 . Only 10 % of @entity0 show spontaneous improvement during follow up period. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare two proposed medication ( @entity3 vs. @entity4 ) in alleviating @entity1 in @entity0 treated with SSRIs. @entity0 AND METHODS: In a randomized, single-blinded, clinical trial in Iran, 46 @entity0 were recruited based on DSM-IV-TR criteria and semi-structured interview. Then, they were randomized into two treatment groups using table of random numbers. Eight @entity0 were excluded and finally 38 @entity0 completed the study which lasted for 4 weeks. Twenty @entity0 were given @entity3 , 18 @entity0 were randomly assigned to another group, and given @entity4 . @entity0 were assessed with the Arizona sexual experience scale (ASEX) at baseline and 4 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: A total of 38 @entity0 completed the study (18 @entity0 in @entity4 vs. 20 @entity0 in @entity3 ).The mean ASEX scores gradually declined in both study groups during the trial. The reduction of ASEX score in @entity3 group was more than that of @entity4 group that was statistically significant. So, the addition of @entity3 at higher doses appears to be more effective approach in comparison with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: These results provide empirical support for conducting a further study on comparing different add-on strategies for treating drug-induced @entity1 .

title: Comparing the Efficacy of @entity3 and @entity4 on @entity1 Induced by a Selective XXXX Reuptake Inhibitor.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antidepressant-induced @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a common problem, associated with a significant risk of non-adherence. Selective @entity2 Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are associated with a substantial risk of @entity1 . Only 10 % of @entity0 show spontaneous improvement during follow up period. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare two proposed medication ( @entity3 vs. @entity4 ) in alleviating @entity1 in @entity0 treated with SSRIs. @entity0 AND METHODS: In a randomized, single-blinded, clinical trial in Iran, 46 @entity0 were recruited based on DSM-IV-TR criteria and semi-structured interview. Then, they were randomized into two treatment groups using table of random numbers. Eight @entity0 were excluded and finally 38 @entity0 completed the study which lasted for 4 weeks. Twenty @entity0 were given @entity3 , 18 @entity0 were randomly assigned to another group, and given @entity4 . @entity0 were assessed with the Arizona sexual experience scale (ASEX) at baseline and 4 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: A total of 38 @entity0 completed the study (18 @entity0 in @entity4 vs. 20 @entity0 in @entity3 ).The mean ASEX scores gradually declined in both study groups during the trial. The reduction of ASEX score in @entity3 group was more than that of @entity4 group that was statistically significant. So, the addition of @entity3 at higher doses appears to be more effective approach in comparison with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: These results provide empirical support for conducting a further study on comparing different add-on strategies for treating drug-induced @entity1 .

title: Comparing the Efficacy of @entity3 and @entity4 on XXXX Induced by a Selective @entity2 Reuptake Inhibitor.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antidepressant-induced @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a common problem, associated with a significant risk of non-adherence. Selective @entity2 Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are associated with a substantial risk of @entity1 . Only 10 % of @entity0 show spontaneous improvement during follow up period. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare two proposed medication ( @entity3 vs. @entity4 ) in alleviating @entity1 in @entity0 treated with SSRIs. @entity0 AND METHODS: In a randomized, single-blinded, clinical trial in Iran, 46 @entity0 were recruited based on DSM-IV-TR criteria and semi-structured interview. Then, they were randomized into two treatment groups using table of random numbers. Eight @entity0 were excluded and finally 38 @entity0 completed the study which lasted for 4 weeks. Twenty @entity0 were given @entity3 , 18 @entity0 were randomly assigned to another group, and given @entity4 . @entity0 were assessed with the Arizona sexual experience scale (ASEX) at baseline and 4 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: A total of 38 @entity0 completed the study (18 @entity0 in @entity4 vs. 20 @entity0 in @entity3 ).The mean ASEX scores gradually declined in both study groups during the trial. The reduction of ASEX score in @entity3 group was more than that of @entity4 group that was statistically significant. So, the addition of @entity3 at higher doses appears to be more effective approach in comparison with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: These results provide empirical support for conducting a further study on comparing different add-on strategies for treating drug-induced @entity1 .

title: Comparing the Efficacy of @entity3 and XXXX on @entity1 Induced by a Selective @entity2 Reuptake Inhibitor.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 has been associated with a number of @entity1 . A high prevalence of @entity9 among individuals with @entity5 and @entity2 has been reported. However, no association between periodontal diseases and @entity3 has previously been investigated. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the severity and possible role of @entity9 in a group of @entity0 with unknown primary @entity3 . METHODS: Ten @entity0 with unknown primary @entity3 , and who had a renal biopsy with stable renal function and serum @entity6 <1.6 mg/dL, were recruited. Severity of the periodontal disease was clinically measured with plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and @entity11 ( @entity10 ). The subjects received appropriate dental treatments where indicated. The @entity0 were also put on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blockers for controlling blood pressure and @entity4 . Six months following appropriate periodontal treatment, renal function, degree of @entity4 , and level of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) were measured in each individual. RESULTS: The median age of the @entity0 was 30 (15.8) years. The median urine protein excretion was lower following the periodontal therapy (P=008). Prior to the dental and/or periodontal therapies, the median PI, @entity10 , and GI were 57.5%, 4.3, and 1.1, respectively. The majority of the @entity0 had @entity8 . In four @entity0 , +2/+3 @entity7 turned negative after periodontal treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The present study revealed that a causative link might exist between periodontal disease and @entity3 .

title: A causative link between periodontal disease and XXXX : a preliminary study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: In spite of available recommendations, therapeutic procedures of locally recurrent @entity0 are very different. In a retrospective study, the possibilities and results of complete, full-thickness chest wall resection are presented. METHODS: Between 1985 and 2004, 51 @entity1 underwent complete, full-thickness chest wall resection with primary coverage. Primary surgical therapy of @entity0 had been mastectomy in 88%. Median age of @entity1 undergoing surgery for a local recurrence was 57 (29 - 81) years. The median interval between surgery of the primary @entity2 and of the local recurrence was 70.3 (10.7 - 327.2) months; median follow-up was 29.4 (1.8 - 230.9) months. 40 (78.4%) @entity1 required rib resections, 15 (29.4%) of them in combination with partial sternal resection. In 4 (7.8%) @entity1 complete and in 7 (13.7%) @entity1 partial sternal resection without additional rib resection were performed.Coverage was mainly realized using latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps (n=44; 86.3%). Survival rates were calculated by means of the Kaplan-Meier method, the relative risk using univariate and multivariate @entity3 -regression analysis. RESULTS: In the total collective, cumulative 5-, 10- and 15-year survival (YS) rates were 39%, 31% and 23%, respectively, median survival 46.4 months. R0 resection was associated with a 5-YS of 42%. Prognostic factors were age at the time of primary surgery, disease-free interval and @entity2 invasion of bony structures. Mortality was 2%, morbidity 35%. CONCLUSION: Full-thickness chest wall resection of locally recurrent @entity0 is possible in almost any @entity1 when performed by a team of thoracic and plastic surgeons. Only radical resection provides good long-term results with low mortality and morbidity.

title: Full-thickness chest wall resection for locally recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Twenty-five to 30% of new renal replacement therapy (RRT) @entity0 present late to renal services. The proportion in whom this is avoidable, and whether awareness of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has reduced its incidence is not known. METHODS: Adult @entity0 starting RRT (2003-2008) in a single unit were grouped according to the time interval between first presentation to the unit and start of RRT: <90 days (late presenters); 90-364 days; >=  365 days. 'Late presenters' were classified as follows: @entity4 -- @entity0 who had acute but irreversible @entity2 ; 'avoidable' late referrals, if they had known pre-existing @entity3 and 'unavoidable' late referrals, if they had unpredictable rapid progression of their @entity3 or had no prior contact with health care. Mortality risk associated with late presentation was explored using multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS: Late presentation was common (24.3%) but late referrals accounted for only 7.4% and 3.9% were avoidable. The incidence of late referrals decreased from 9.2% in 2003-2005 to 5.5% in 2006-2008 (trend P = 0.07). Late presentation was associated with increased mortality after adjusting for comorbidity, transplantation and permanent vascular access, and the majority of late presenters died due to @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The lower incidence of late referrals and the falling trend could be due to implementation of automated estimated glomerular filtration rate reporting and the increased awareness of @entity3 in primary care. Future prospective studies are needed to examine the extent to which frailty contributes to this mortality risk.

title: Late presentation of XXXX with end-stage renal disease for renal replacement therapy--is it always avoidable?

answer: @entity0


abstract: The bacterial Rcs phosphorelay is a stress-induced defense mechanism that controls the expression of numerous genes, including those for capsular polysaccharides, motility, and virulence factors. It is a complex multicomponent system that includes the @entity5 kinase (RcsC) and the response regulator (RcsB) and also auxiliary proteins such as RcsF. RcsF is an outer membrane lipoprotein that transmits signals from the cell surface to RcsC. The physiological signals that activate RcsF and how RcsF interacts with RcsC remain unknown. Here, we report the three-dimensional structure of RcsF. The fold of the protein is characterized by the presence of a central 4-stranded b sheet, which is conserved in several other proteins, including the @entity1 -binding domain of the amyloid precursor protein. RcsF, which contains four conserved @entity0 residues, presents two nonconsecutive @entity3 between @entity4 (74) and @entity4 (118) and between @entity4 (109) and @entity4 (124), respectively. These two @entity3 are not functionally equivalent; the @entity4 (109)- @entity4 (124) @entity2 is particularly important for the assembly of an active RcsF. Moreover, we show that formation of the nonconsecutive @entity3 of RcsF depends on the periplasmic @entity2 isomerase DsbC. We trapped RcsF in a mixed @entity2 complex with DsbC, and we show that deletion of dsbC prevents the activation of the Rcs phosphorelay by signals that function through RcsF. The three-dimensional structure of RcsF provides the structural basis to understand how this protein triggers the Rcs signaling cascade.

title: Crystal structure of the outer membrane protein RcsF, a new substrate for the periplasmic protein- XXXX isomerase DsbC.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Subjects (n = 188) with @entity1 2 @entity0 and inadequate response to two oral medications ( @entity4 >8.0%) were randomly assigned to treatment with either a third oral medication or an insulin 70/30 mix b.i.d. plus @entity3 for a comparison of efficacy, safety, and cost. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The protocol called for aggressive dose titration to achieve target values of fasting blood @entity2 (80-120 mg/dl), postprandial @entity2 (<160 mg/dl), and @entity4 (<7%). These efficacy parameters were evaluated at weeks 2, 6, 12, and 24 of therapy. If dose adjustments failed to achieve targeted glycemic control, subjects were switched to an alternate therapy. RESULTS: At the end of study (week 24 of therapy), @entity4 and fasting plasma @entity2 (FPG) values showed comparable decreases in the two treatment groups. Only 31% (oral therapy) and 32% (insulin plus @entity3 ) of subjects achieved target values of @entity4 (<7%). A total of 10 of the 98 subjects randomized to triple oral therapy (10.2%) who failed to improve sufficiently were switched to insulin therapy. An additional four subjects dropped out of the oral treatment group due to adverse events felt to be potentially drug related. Only two of the subjects randomized to insulin plus @entity3 had to be switched to basal-bolus regimens (regular insulin and NPH insulin). Cost analysis determined that insulin plus @entity3 (mean cost 3.20 dollars/day) provided efficacy equal to that of a triple oral drug regimen (10.40 dollars/day). CONCLUSIONS: Insulin 70/30 mix plus @entity3 was as effective as triple oral therapy in lowering @entity4 and FPG values. The triple oral regimen was not as cost effective, and a high percentage of subjects (total of 16.3%) did not complete this regimen due to lack of efficacy or side effects.

title: Insulin 70/30 mix plus @entity3 versus triple oral therapy in the treatment of XXXX 2 @entity0 after failure of two oral drugs: efficacy, safety, and cost analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Subjects (n = 188) with @entity1 2 @entity0 and inadequate response to two oral medications ( @entity4 >8.0%) were randomly assigned to treatment with either a third oral medication or an insulin 70/30 mix b.i.d. plus @entity3 for a comparison of efficacy, safety, and cost. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The protocol called for aggressive dose titration to achieve target values of fasting blood @entity2 (80-120 mg/dl), postprandial @entity2 (<160 mg/dl), and @entity4 (<7%). These efficacy parameters were evaluated at weeks 2, 6, 12, and 24 of therapy. If dose adjustments failed to achieve targeted glycemic control, subjects were switched to an alternate therapy. RESULTS: At the end of study (week 24 of therapy), @entity4 and fasting plasma @entity2 (FPG) values showed comparable decreases in the two treatment groups. Only 31% (oral therapy) and 32% (insulin plus @entity3 ) of subjects achieved target values of @entity4 (<7%). A total of 10 of the 98 subjects randomized to triple oral therapy (10.2%) who failed to improve sufficiently were switched to insulin therapy. An additional four subjects dropped out of the oral treatment group due to adverse events felt to be potentially drug related. Only two of the subjects randomized to insulin plus @entity3 had to be switched to basal-bolus regimens (regular insulin and NPH insulin). Cost analysis determined that insulin plus @entity3 (mean cost 3.20 dollars/day) provided efficacy equal to that of a triple oral drug regimen (10.40 dollars/day). CONCLUSIONS: Insulin 70/30 mix plus @entity3 was as effective as triple oral therapy in lowering @entity4 and FPG values. The triple oral regimen was not as cost effective, and a high percentage of subjects (total of 16.3%) did not complete this regimen due to lack of efficacy or side effects.

title: Insulin 70/30 mix plus XXXX versus triple oral therapy in the treatment of @entity1 2 @entity0 after failure of two oral drugs: efficacy, safety, and cost analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Subjects (n = 188) with @entity1 2 @entity0 and inadequate response to two oral medications ( @entity4 >8.0%) were randomly assigned to treatment with either a third oral medication or an insulin 70/30 mix b.i.d. plus @entity3 for a comparison of efficacy, safety, and cost. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The protocol called for aggressive dose titration to achieve target values of fasting blood @entity2 (80-120 mg/dl), postprandial @entity2 (<160 mg/dl), and @entity4 (<7%). These efficacy parameters were evaluated at weeks 2, 6, 12, and 24 of therapy. If dose adjustments failed to achieve targeted glycemic control, subjects were switched to an alternate therapy. RESULTS: At the end of study (week 24 of therapy), @entity4 and fasting plasma @entity2 (FPG) values showed comparable decreases in the two treatment groups. Only 31% (oral therapy) and 32% (insulin plus @entity3 ) of subjects achieved target values of @entity4 (<7%). A total of 10 of the 98 subjects randomized to triple oral therapy (10.2%) who failed to improve sufficiently were switched to insulin therapy. An additional four subjects dropped out of the oral treatment group due to adverse events felt to be potentially drug related. Only two of the subjects randomized to insulin plus @entity3 had to be switched to basal-bolus regimens (regular insulin and NPH insulin). Cost analysis determined that insulin plus @entity3 (mean cost 3.20 dollars/day) provided efficacy equal to that of a triple oral drug regimen (10.40 dollars/day). CONCLUSIONS: Insulin 70/30 mix plus @entity3 was as effective as triple oral therapy in lowering @entity4 and FPG values. The triple oral regimen was not as cost effective, and a high percentage of subjects (total of 16.3%) did not complete this regimen due to lack of efficacy or side effects.

title: Insulin 70/30 mix plus @entity3 versus triple oral therapy in the treatment of @entity1 2 XXXX after failure of two oral drugs: efficacy, safety, and cost analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Protective effect of @entity5 ( @entity6 ), an angiotensin II (AII)-receptor blocker ( @entity8 ), against @entity1 is reported to depend on the dosing time in @entity4 @entity0 . Dosing-time-dependent effect of @entity6 on survival of @entity3 -prone spontaneously @entity4 @entity2 (SHRSP) under a 12-h lighting cycle was examined. @entity6 (4 mg/kg per day) and @entity9 (OM) (1 mg/kg per day), another @entity8 with a slower dissociation from the AII receptor, were given once daily at 2, 8, 14, or 20 @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Dosing-time-dependent differences in plasma drug concentrations and effect on blood pressure (BP) were also evaluated. Survival of SHRSP showed a dosing-time-dependent change during @entity6 therapy, with a peak at 2 @entity7 and a trough at 14 @entity7 . OM equally prolonged survival in all groups. The BP-lowering effect persisted for more than 24 h after dosing of @entity6 at 2 @entity7 and of OM at 2 and 14 @entity7 , but disappeared at 5.5-h after @entity6 dosing at 14 @entity7 . Plasma concentrations of @entity6 and OM were higher after dosing at 2 @entity7 than at 14 @entity7 . These results suggest that the chronopharmacological phenomenon of @entity6 was partly due to the dosing-time-dependent difference in plasma concentration and subsequent duration of the antihypertensive effect. Slower dissociation of OM from AII receptors might have blunted a potential dosing-time-dependent event.

title: Chronopharmacology of angiotensin II-receptor blockers in XXXX -prone spontaneously @entity4 @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Protective effect of @entity5 ( @entity6 ), an angiotensin II (AII)-receptor blocker ( @entity8 ), against @entity1 is reported to depend on the dosing time in @entity4 @entity0 . Dosing-time-dependent effect of @entity6 on survival of @entity3 -prone spontaneously @entity4 @entity2 (SHRSP) under a 12-h lighting cycle was examined. @entity6 (4 mg/kg per day) and @entity9 (OM) (1 mg/kg per day), another @entity8 with a slower dissociation from the AII receptor, were given once daily at 2, 8, 14, or 20 @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Dosing-time-dependent differences in plasma drug concentrations and effect on blood pressure (BP) were also evaluated. Survival of SHRSP showed a dosing-time-dependent change during @entity6 therapy, with a peak at 2 @entity7 and a trough at 14 @entity7 . OM equally prolonged survival in all groups. The BP-lowering effect persisted for more than 24 h after dosing of @entity6 at 2 @entity7 and of OM at 2 and 14 @entity7 , but disappeared at 5.5-h after @entity6 dosing at 14 @entity7 . Plasma concentrations of @entity6 and OM were higher after dosing at 2 @entity7 than at 14 @entity7 . These results suggest that the chronopharmacological phenomenon of @entity6 was partly due to the dosing-time-dependent difference in plasma concentration and subsequent duration of the antihypertensive effect. Slower dissociation of OM from AII receptors might have blunted a potential dosing-time-dependent event.

title: Chronopharmacology of angiotensin II-receptor blockers in @entity3 -prone spontaneously XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Protective effect of @entity5 ( @entity6 ), an angiotensin II (AII)-receptor blocker ( @entity8 ), against @entity1 is reported to depend on the dosing time in @entity4 @entity0 . Dosing-time-dependent effect of @entity6 on survival of @entity3 -prone spontaneously @entity4 @entity2 (SHRSP) under a 12-h lighting cycle was examined. @entity6 (4 mg/kg per day) and @entity9 (OM) (1 mg/kg per day), another @entity8 with a slower dissociation from the AII receptor, were given once daily at 2, 8, 14, or 20 @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Dosing-time-dependent differences in plasma drug concentrations and effect on blood pressure (BP) were also evaluated. Survival of SHRSP showed a dosing-time-dependent change during @entity6 therapy, with a peak at 2 @entity7 and a trough at 14 @entity7 . OM equally prolonged survival in all groups. The BP-lowering effect persisted for more than 24 h after dosing of @entity6 at 2 @entity7 and of OM at 2 and 14 @entity7 , but disappeared at 5.5-h after @entity6 dosing at 14 @entity7 . Plasma concentrations of @entity6 and OM were higher after dosing at 2 @entity7 than at 14 @entity7 . These results suggest that the chronopharmacological phenomenon of @entity6 was partly due to the dosing-time-dependent difference in plasma concentration and subsequent duration of the antihypertensive effect. Slower dissociation of OM from AII receptors might have blunted a potential dosing-time-dependent event.

title: Chronopharmacology of angiotensin II-receptor blockers in @entity3 -prone spontaneously @entity4 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of specialist nurse-led clinics for @entity2 and @entity4 provided for @entity1 @entity0 receiving hospital-based care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was a randomized controlled implementation trial at Hope Hospital, Salford, U.K. The subjects consisted of 1,407 subjects presenting for annual review with raised blood pressure(>or=140/80 mmHg), raised total @entity3 (>or=5.0 mmol/l), or both. Individuals with @entity1 were randomized to usual care or usual care with subsequent invitation to attend specialist nurse-led clinics. Nurses provided clinics for @entity0 , with attendance every 4-6 weeks, until targets were achieved. Lifestyle advice and titration of drug therapies were provided according to the locally agreed upon guidelines. @entity0 with both conditions were eligible for enrollment in either or both clinics. At subsequent annual review, blood pressure and total @entity3 values were obtained from the Salford electronic @entity1 register. Data relating to deaths were obtained from the national strategic tracing service. The primary outcome was the odds ratio of achieving targets in @entity2 and @entity4 , attributable to the specialist nurse-led intervention. RESULTS: Overall, specialist nurse-led clinics were associated with a significant improvement in @entity0 achieving the target after 1 year (odds ratio [OR] 1.37 [95% CI 1.11-1.69], P = 0.003). This primary analysis revealed a borderline difference in effect between the two types of clinics (test for interaction between groups: P = 0.06). Secondary analysis, consistent with the prior beliefs of the health care professionals involved, suggested that targets were achieved more frequently in @entity0 enrolled in the specialist nurse-led clinic for @entity4 (OR 1.69 [1.25-2.29], P = 0.0007) than for @entity2 (OR 1.14 [0.86-1.51], P = 0.37). Intervention (enrolled to either or both clinics) was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (OR 0.55 [0.32-0.92], P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides good evidence to support the use of specialist nurse-led clinics as an effective adjunct to hospital-based care of @entity0 with @entity1 . If the standards of care recommended in the National Service Framework for @entity1 are to be achieved, then such proven methods for delivering care must be adopted.

title: Specialist nurse-led intervention to treat and control XXXX and @entity4 in @entity1 (SPLINT): a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of specialist nurse-led clinics for @entity2 and @entity4 provided for @entity1 @entity0 receiving hospital-based care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was a randomized controlled implementation trial at Hope Hospital, Salford, U.K. The subjects consisted of 1,407 subjects presenting for annual review with raised blood pressure(>or=140/80 mmHg), raised total @entity3 (>or=5.0 mmol/l), or both. Individuals with @entity1 were randomized to usual care or usual care with subsequent invitation to attend specialist nurse-led clinics. Nurses provided clinics for @entity0 , with attendance every 4-6 weeks, until targets were achieved. Lifestyle advice and titration of drug therapies were provided according to the locally agreed upon guidelines. @entity0 with both conditions were eligible for enrollment in either or both clinics. At subsequent annual review, blood pressure and total @entity3 values were obtained from the Salford electronic @entity1 register. Data relating to deaths were obtained from the national strategic tracing service. The primary outcome was the odds ratio of achieving targets in @entity2 and @entity4 , attributable to the specialist nurse-led intervention. RESULTS: Overall, specialist nurse-led clinics were associated with a significant improvement in @entity0 achieving the target after 1 year (odds ratio [OR] 1.37 [95% CI 1.11-1.69], P = 0.003). This primary analysis revealed a borderline difference in effect between the two types of clinics (test for interaction between groups: P = 0.06). Secondary analysis, consistent with the prior beliefs of the health care professionals involved, suggested that targets were achieved more frequently in @entity0 enrolled in the specialist nurse-led clinic for @entity4 (OR 1.69 [1.25-2.29], P = 0.0007) than for @entity2 (OR 1.14 [0.86-1.51], P = 0.37). Intervention (enrolled to either or both clinics) was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (OR 0.55 [0.32-0.92], P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides good evidence to support the use of specialist nurse-led clinics as an effective adjunct to hospital-based care of @entity0 with @entity1 . If the standards of care recommended in the National Service Framework for @entity1 are to be achieved, then such proven methods for delivering care must be adopted.

title: Specialist nurse-led intervention to treat and control @entity2 and @entity4 in XXXX (SPLINT): a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of specialist nurse-led clinics for @entity2 and @entity4 provided for @entity1 @entity0 receiving hospital-based care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was a randomized controlled implementation trial at Hope Hospital, Salford, U.K. The subjects consisted of 1,407 subjects presenting for annual review with raised blood pressure(>or=140/80 mmHg), raised total @entity3 (>or=5.0 mmol/l), or both. Individuals with @entity1 were randomized to usual care or usual care with subsequent invitation to attend specialist nurse-led clinics. Nurses provided clinics for @entity0 , with attendance every 4-6 weeks, until targets were achieved. Lifestyle advice and titration of drug therapies were provided according to the locally agreed upon guidelines. @entity0 with both conditions were eligible for enrollment in either or both clinics. At subsequent annual review, blood pressure and total @entity3 values were obtained from the Salford electronic @entity1 register. Data relating to deaths were obtained from the national strategic tracing service. The primary outcome was the odds ratio of achieving targets in @entity2 and @entity4 , attributable to the specialist nurse-led intervention. RESULTS: Overall, specialist nurse-led clinics were associated with a significant improvement in @entity0 achieving the target after 1 year (odds ratio [OR] 1.37 [95% CI 1.11-1.69], P = 0.003). This primary analysis revealed a borderline difference in effect between the two types of clinics (test for interaction between groups: P = 0.06). Secondary analysis, consistent with the prior beliefs of the health care professionals involved, suggested that targets were achieved more frequently in @entity0 enrolled in the specialist nurse-led clinic for @entity4 (OR 1.69 [1.25-2.29], P = 0.0007) than for @entity2 (OR 1.14 [0.86-1.51], P = 0.37). Intervention (enrolled to either or both clinics) was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (OR 0.55 [0.32-0.92], P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides good evidence to support the use of specialist nurse-led clinics as an effective adjunct to hospital-based care of @entity0 with @entity1 . If the standards of care recommended in the National Service Framework for @entity1 are to be achieved, then such proven methods for delivering care must be adopted.

title: Specialist nurse-led intervention to treat and control @entity2 and XXXX in @entity1 (SPLINT): a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 2 @entity0 is a global problem, and current ineffective therapeutic strategies pave the way for novel treatments like small molecular activators targeting glucokinase ( @entity7 ). @entity7 activity is fundamental to beta cell and hepatocyte @entity2 metabolism, and heterozygous activating and inactivating @entity7 mutations cause @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) respectively. Over 600 naturally occurring inactivating mutations have been reported, whereas only 13 activating mutations are documented to date. We report two novel @entity7 @entity4 mutations ( @entity9 and @entity10 ) at residues where @entity5 mutations also occur ( @entity11 and @entity8 ). Using recombinant proteins with in vitro assays, we demonstrated that both @entity4 mutants had a greater relative activity index than wild type (6.0 for @entity9 , 8.4 for @entity10 , and 1.0 for wild type). This was driven by an increased affinity for @entity2 (S(0.5), 3.3    0.1 and 3.5    0.1 mm, respectively) versus wild type (7.5    0.1 mm). Correspondingly, the @entity11 and @entity8 @entity5 mutants had markedly reduced relative activity indexes (<0.1). @entity8 had an altered affinity for @entity2 (S(0.5), 24.9    0.6 mm), whereas @entity11 also exhibited a reduced affinity for @entity3 and decreased catalysis rate (S(0.5), 78.6    4.5 mm; @entity3 (K(m)), 1.5    0.1 mm; K(cat), 10.3    1.1s(-1)) compared with wild type ( @entity3 (K(m)), 0.4    <0.1; K(cat), 62.9    1.2). Both Thr-103 mutants showed reduced inhibition by the endogenous hepatic inhibitor glucokinase regulatory protein. Molecular modeling demonstrated that Thr-103 maps to the allosteric activator site, whereas @entity6 -389 is located remotely to this position and all other previously reported activating mutations, highlighting a-helix 11 as a novel region regulating @entity7 activity. Our data suggest that pharmacological manipulation of @entity7 activity at locations distal from the allosteric activator site is possible.

title: Discovery of a novel site regulating glucokinase activity following characterization of a new mutation causing XXXX in humans.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the outcome of surgery in @entity0 with a history of contact lens wear. DESIGN: Retrospective, comparative interventional case series. METHODS: A total of 419 @entity0 underwent @entity2 surgery during a 1-year period (2005-2006) at Moorfields Eye Hospital. Those included in this study had a diagnosis of @entity2 and history of contact lens wear. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome was considered a success if the following criteria were met: 1) a margin reflex distance of between 3 and 5 mm, 2) an interlid difference of 1 mm or less, and 3) absence of redo surgery. RESULTS: Thirty @entity0 (7.2%) were identified with a history of contact lens wear and were matched against a control group of 46 @entity0 . The mean margin-reflex distance at presentation was 0.5    2.4 mm. This equated to a @entity2 graded as mild (>= 1.5 mm) for 32% of @entity0 , moderate (0.5-1.0 mm) for 29%, and severe ( <=0.0 mm) for 39%, with similar proportions in the control group (36% mild, 39% moderate, and 25% severe). The power of the refractive correction (p < 0.005) and the age of the @entity0 (p < 0.05) were directly related to increased severity of @entity2 at presentation. The surgical outcome of the @entity2 correction was successful in 72% of @entity0 , which was significantly lower than in the control group (89%) (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of contact lens-related @entity2 was related to the degree of @entity1 and the age of the @entity0 but not to the duration of contact lens wear. There was a higher level of failure and requirement for redo surgery in @entity0 with contact lens-related @entity2 compared with matched controls.

title: Outcome following surgery for contact lens-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is one of the most intractable @entity5 , especially in elderly @entity0 . There is evidence that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces @entity1 ; however, its effectiveness for @entity6 is unknown. This study investigated the efficacy of high-frequency rTMS in @entity0 with @entity6 . DESIGN: A total of 40 @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive 10 sessions of real or sham rTMS of the primary motor cortex. Each stimulation session consisted of a series of 300 five-second pulses with a frequency of 10 Hz and an interval of 3 seconds between each train, giving a total of 1500 pulses per session. The primary outcome was @entity2 intensity measured before stimulation from first intervention (T0) to the final stimulation (T10), @entity4 months after final stimulation (T11 and T12). Other outcomes measured included scores on the short form @entity2 questionnaire, self-rating @entity3 scale, quality of life (QOL), sleep quality, the @entity0 global impression of change, medication regulation, and reported adverse events. RESULTS: The real rTMS group demonstrated greater reduction of visual analogue scale (VAS) than the sham group at each time point except for T0 (P   =   0.399) and T1 (P   =   0.091). Mean VAS reduction in the real rTMS group was 16.89% for duration of disease longer than 6 months. These analgesic effects were associated with long-term improvement in rating-scale items related to QOL. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that rTMS is an effective and safe therapy in @entity0 with @entity6 .

title: High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reduces XXXX in @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is one of the most intractable @entity5 , especially in elderly @entity0 . There is evidence that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces @entity1 ; however, its effectiveness for @entity6 is unknown. This study investigated the efficacy of high-frequency rTMS in @entity0 with @entity6 . DESIGN: A total of 40 @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive 10 sessions of real or sham rTMS of the primary motor cortex. Each stimulation session consisted of a series of 300 five-second pulses with a frequency of 10 Hz and an interval of 3 seconds between each train, giving a total of 1500 pulses per session. The primary outcome was @entity2 intensity measured before stimulation from first intervention (T0) to the final stimulation (T10), @entity4 months after final stimulation (T11 and T12). Other outcomes measured included scores on the short form @entity2 questionnaire, self-rating @entity3 scale, quality of life (QOL), sleep quality, the @entity0 global impression of change, medication regulation, and reported adverse events. RESULTS: The real rTMS group demonstrated greater reduction of visual analogue scale (VAS) than the sham group at each time point except for T0 (P   =   0.399) and T1 (P   =   0.091). Mean VAS reduction in the real rTMS group was 16.89% for duration of disease longer than 6 months. These analgesic effects were associated with long-term improvement in rating-scale items related to QOL. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that rTMS is an effective and safe therapy in @entity0 with @entity6 .

title: High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reduces @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was designed to determine whether vonapanitase (formerly PRT-201), a recombinant @entity0 elastase, treatment can fragment the protein @entity3 in elastic fibers and cause dilation of @entity2 @entity0 peripheral arteries subjected to ex vivo balloon angioplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven @entity0 undergoing lower limb amputation for @entity5 or who died and donated their bodies to science donated 11 tibial arteries (5 anterior, 6 posterior) for this study. All arteries were @entity2 by visual inspection. The arteries underwent ex vivo balloon angioplasty and thereafter were cut into rings and studied on wire myographs where the rings were stretched and @entity4 was recorded. After treatment with vonapanitase 2 mg/mL or vehicle control, myography was repeated and the rings were then subject to @entity3 content measurement using a @entity6 radioimmunoassay and elastic fiber visualization by histology. The wire myography data were used to derive compliance, stress-strain, and incremental elastic modulus curves. RESULTS: Vonapanitase treatment reduced @entity3 ( @entity6 ) content by 60% and decreased elastic fiber histologic staining. Vonapanitase-treated rings experienced less @entity4 at any level of stretch and as a result had shifts in the compliance and stress-strain curves relative to vehicle-treated rings. Vonapanitase treatment did not alter the incremental elastic modulus curve. CONCLUSIONS: Vonapanitase treatment of @entity2 @entity0 peripheral arteries after ex vivo balloon angioplasty fragmented @entity3 in elastic fibers, decreased @entity4 in the rings at any level of stretch, and altered the compliance and stress-strain curves in a manner predicting @entity1 in vivo. Based on this result, local treatment of balloon angioplasty sites may increase blood vessel diameter and thereby improve the success of balloon angioplasty in @entity5 .

title: Recombinant XXXX Elastase Alters the Compliance of Atherosclerotic Tibial Arteries After Ex Vivo Angioplasty.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of pregnancy on mast cell (MC)-related symptoms and newborn outcome in @entity0 with @entity4 is not well described. We report a series of 30 @entity0 who had 45 pregnancies. METHODS: @entity0 completed a specific questionnaire concerning MC mediator release symptoms graded according to their frequency to detect clinical changes occurring during pregestation and pregnancy as well as postpartum. Information about the medications received during pregnancy and labor and about newborn medical complications was also recorded. RESULTS: Worsening of MC-related symptoms during pregnancy was observed in 10 cases (22%); additionally, 1 @entity0 developed @entity2 as a manifestation of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) within the third trimester of pregnancy. Conversely, 15 cases (33%) experienced clinical improvement during pregnancy, with a complete resolution of pregestational symptoms in 7 cases. MC mediator release symptoms intrapartum were observed in 5 cases (11%) without any fatal outcome. Newborn medical complications (e.g. prematurity, low birth weight, and @entity3 ) were detected in 7 @entity0 (16%) who were all successfully managed with conservative measures. One @entity0 developed @entity5 several years after birth. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 has a heterogeneous clinical behavior during pregnancy: the profile of MC-related symptoms remained unchanged in half of the cases, while in the other half pregnant @entity0 experienced either an improvement or an exacerbation of the symptoms, with the manifestation of @entity1 during pregnancy in 1 case. To prevent potential life-threatening MC-related symptoms, adequate prophylactic antimediator therapy intrapartum should be systematically administered. The absence of both maternal and @entity0 severe complications suggests that @entity0 with nonaggressive categories of @entity4 should not be advised against pregnancy.

title: Clinical impact of pregnancy in XXXX : a study of the Spanish Network on @entity4 (REMA) in 45 cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of pregnancy on mast cell (MC)-related symptoms and newborn outcome in @entity0 with @entity4 is not well described. We report a series of 30 @entity0 who had 45 pregnancies. METHODS: @entity0 completed a specific questionnaire concerning MC mediator release symptoms graded according to their frequency to detect clinical changes occurring during pregestation and pregnancy as well as postpartum. Information about the medications received during pregnancy and labor and about newborn medical complications was also recorded. RESULTS: Worsening of MC-related symptoms during pregnancy was observed in 10 cases (22%); additionally, 1 @entity0 developed @entity2 as a manifestation of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) within the third trimester of pregnancy. Conversely, 15 cases (33%) experienced clinical improvement during pregnancy, with a complete resolution of pregestational symptoms in 7 cases. MC mediator release symptoms intrapartum were observed in 5 cases (11%) without any fatal outcome. Newborn medical complications (e.g. prematurity, low birth weight, and @entity3 ) were detected in 7 @entity0 (16%) who were all successfully managed with conservative measures. One @entity0 developed @entity5 several years after birth. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 has a heterogeneous clinical behavior during pregnancy: the profile of MC-related symptoms remained unchanged in half of the cases, while in the other half pregnant @entity0 experienced either an improvement or an exacerbation of the symptoms, with the manifestation of @entity1 during pregnancy in 1 case. To prevent potential life-threatening MC-related symptoms, adequate prophylactic antimediator therapy intrapartum should be systematically administered. The absence of both maternal and @entity0 severe complications suggests that @entity0 with nonaggressive categories of @entity4 should not be advised against pregnancy.

title: Clinical impact of pregnancy in @entity4 : a study of the Spanish Network on XXXX (REMA) in 45 cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Advances in the treatment of metastatic @entity2 (mCRC) in the last decade have significantly improved survival; however, simple biomarkers to predict response or @entity3 have not been identified, which are applicable to all community oncology settings worldwide. The use of inflammatory markers based on differential white-cell counts, such as the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), may be simple and readily available biomarkers. METHODS: Clinical information and baseline laboratory parameters were available for 349 @entity0 , from two independent cohorts, with unresectable mCRC receiving first-line palliative chemotherapy. Associations between baseline prognostic variables, including inflammatory markers such as the NLR and @entity1 response, progression and survival were investigated. RESULTS: In the training cohort, combination-agent chemotherapy (P=0.001) and NLR  <= 5 (P=0.003) were associated with improved clinical benefit. The ECOG performance status    1 (P=0.002), NLR>5 (P=0.01), hypoalbuminaemia (P=0.03) and single-agent chemotherapy (P<0.0001) were associated with increased risk of progression. The ECOG performance status >=  1 (P=0.004) and NLR>5 (P=0.002) predicted worse @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The NLR was confirmed to independently predict @entity4 in the validation cohort (P<0.0001). Normalisation of the NLR after one cycle of chemotherapy in a subset of @entity0 resulted in improved progression-free survival (P=0.012). CONCLUSION: These results have highlighted NLR as a potentially useful clinical biomarker of systemic inflammatory response in predicting clinically meaningful outcomes in two independent cohorts. Results of this study have also confirmed the importance of a chronic systemic inflammatory response influencing clinical outcomes in @entity0 with mCRC.

title: Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio predicts chemotherapy outcomes in @entity0 with advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Advances in the treatment of metastatic @entity2 (mCRC) in the last decade have significantly improved survival; however, simple biomarkers to predict response or @entity3 have not been identified, which are applicable to all community oncology settings worldwide. The use of inflammatory markers based on differential white-cell counts, such as the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), may be simple and readily available biomarkers. METHODS: Clinical information and baseline laboratory parameters were available for 349 @entity0 , from two independent cohorts, with unresectable mCRC receiving first-line palliative chemotherapy. Associations between baseline prognostic variables, including inflammatory markers such as the NLR and @entity1 response, progression and survival were investigated. RESULTS: In the training cohort, combination-agent chemotherapy (P=0.001) and NLR  <= 5 (P=0.003) were associated with improved clinical benefit. The ECOG performance status    1 (P=0.002), NLR>5 (P=0.01), hypoalbuminaemia (P=0.03) and single-agent chemotherapy (P<0.0001) were associated with increased risk of progression. The ECOG performance status >=  1 (P=0.004) and NLR>5 (P=0.002) predicted worse @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The NLR was confirmed to independently predict @entity4 in the validation cohort (P<0.0001). Normalisation of the NLR after one cycle of chemotherapy in a subset of @entity0 resulted in improved progression-free survival (P=0.012). CONCLUSION: These results have highlighted NLR as a potentially useful clinical biomarker of systemic inflammatory response in predicting clinically meaningful outcomes in two independent cohorts. Results of this study have also confirmed the importance of a chronic systemic inflammatory response influencing clinical outcomes in @entity0 with mCRC.

title: Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio predicts chemotherapy outcomes in XXXX with advanced @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 mesh has previously been shown to be an effective treatment for failed patellar tendon repairs after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but there have been few reports of this synthetic mesh used in complete @entity3 after TKA. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed seven consecutive cases in six @entity0 with complete @entity1 tears after TKA who had their @entity1 tendon repaired with suture and @entity4 mesh augmentation. All but two @entity0 had previously failed primary suture repair. @entity0 outcomes were evaluated using the Knee Society Score. Standardized anterior-posterior (AP), lateral and merchant radiographs were evaluated preoperatively and at final follow-up. RESULTS: Seven knees in six @entity0 were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 34  10 (range 24 to 49months) months. There were only four clinical successes defined as an extensor lag less than 30  . Of the functioning knees at final follow-up (n=5) the overall extensor lag in this group did significantly improve from 50  13   to 20  15   (range 5 to 40  ) (p=.01). Mean postoperative flexion at final follow-up was 115  8  . Mean Knee Society Score for function improved from 20  30 to 45  54 (p=.03) as did the mean Knee Society Score for @entity2 (44  18 vs. 74  78, p=.02). DISCUSSION: @entity4 mesh offered limited postoperative functional results when used as an augment to the multiply operated knee that sustains a complete @entity3 after TKA, but did allow for significant improvement in postoperative @entity2 outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: XXXX mesh augmentation for complete @entity3 after total knee arthroplasty.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 mesh has previously been shown to be an effective treatment for failed patellar tendon repairs after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but there have been few reports of this synthetic mesh used in complete @entity3 after TKA. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed seven consecutive cases in six @entity0 with complete @entity1 tears after TKA who had their @entity1 tendon repaired with suture and @entity4 mesh augmentation. All but two @entity0 had previously failed primary suture repair. @entity0 outcomes were evaluated using the Knee Society Score. Standardized anterior-posterior (AP), lateral and merchant radiographs were evaluated preoperatively and at final follow-up. RESULTS: Seven knees in six @entity0 were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 34  10 (range 24 to 49months) months. There were only four clinical successes defined as an extensor lag less than 30  . Of the functioning knees at final follow-up (n=5) the overall extensor lag in this group did significantly improve from 50  13   to 20  15   (range 5 to 40  ) (p=.01). Mean postoperative flexion at final follow-up was 115  8  . Mean Knee Society Score for function improved from 20  30 to 45  54 (p=.03) as did the mean Knee Society Score for @entity2 (44  18 vs. 74  78, p=.02). DISCUSSION: @entity4 mesh offered limited postoperative functional results when used as an augment to the multiply operated knee that sustains a complete @entity3 after TKA, but did allow for significant improvement in postoperative @entity2 outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: @entity4 mesh augmentation for complete XXXX after total knee arthroplasty.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The HAROW project was founded by the Stiftung M  nnergesundheit to have a closer look at the situation of @entity0 who suffer from @entity2 , especially focusing on their situation regarding supply and services. METHODS: In the current study 504 members of support groups were asked about their health-related quality of life (QOL). Standardized questionnaires were used to ensure the validation. Both the diagnosis and initial therapy dated back at least 12 months. The EORTC QLQ-C30 as well as the prostate-specific module (PSM) were used as questionnaires. RESULTS: Various forms of therapies proved to have different impacts on QOL. @entity0 with a combined hormonal therapy and radiation therapy evaluated their QOL worse than others with different forms of therapies. @entity0 with @entity1 reported significantly better data than those in the middle of therapy or the uncured. CONCLUSION: The data even indicate that their QOL is similar to @entity0 living under normal circumstances and health situations. Particular characteristics however exist on specific scales. @entity0 attending support groups show surprisingly high values for QOL.

title: [Quality of life after XXXX in members of support groups: first results of the HAROW retro study].

answer: @entity2


abstract: This clinical guideline provides recommendations for the behavioural and psychosocial interventions (BPI) of @entity0 and adolescents with @entity1 prepared by a working group of the European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome (ESSTS). A systematic literature search was conducted to obtain an update on the efficacy of BPI for tics. Relevant studies were identified using computerised searches of the Medline and PsycINFO databases and the Cochrane Library for the years 1950-2010. The search identified no meta-analyses, yet twelve (systematic) reviews and eight randomised controlled trials provided evidence for the current review. Most evidence was found for habit reversal training (HRT) and the available but smaller evidence also supports the efficacy of exposure with response prevention (ERP). Both interventions are considered first line behavioural treatments for tics for both @entity0 and adults and should be offered to a @entity0 , taking into account his preference. Treatments that are considered second line or add-on behavioural treatments are contingency management, function based interventions and relaxation training. Neurofeedback is still experimental. Almost no research was identified that examined the efficacy of psychosocial interventions, e.g., psychoeducation and group work. Based on clinical practice, this guideline recommends behavioural treatment as first line offer to @entity0 in most cases. It should be embedded within a psychoeducational and supportive context and can be combined with drug treatment.

title: European clinical guidelines for Tourette syndrome and other XXXX . Part III: behavioural and psychosocial interventions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Large-scale DNA sequencing identifies incidental rare variants in established Mendelian disease genes, but the frequency of related clinical phenotypes in unselected @entity0 populations is not well established. Phenotype data from electronic medical records (EMRs) may provide a resource to assess the clinical relevance of rare variants. OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical phenotypes from EMRs for individuals with variants designated as pathogenic by expert review in @entity1 susceptibility genes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : This prospective cohort study included 2022 individuals recruited for nonantiarrhythmic drug exposure phenotypes from October 5, 2012, to September 30, 2013, for the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics Network Pharmacogenomics project from 7 US academic medical centers. Variants in @entity2 and @entity4 , disease genes for long QT and @entity3 , were assessed for potential pathogenicity by 3 laboratories with ion channel expertise and by comparison with the ClinVar database. Relevant phenotypes were determined from EMRs, with data available from 2002 (or earlier for some sites) through September 10, 2014. EXPOSURES: One or more variants designated as pathogenic in @entity2 or @entity4 . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: @entity1 or electrocardiographic (ECG) phenotypes defined by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes, ECG data, and manual EMR review. RESULTS: Among 2022 study @entity0 (median age, 61 years [interquartile range, 56-65 years]; 1118 [55%] female; 1491 [74%] white), a total of 122 rare (minor allele frequency <0.5%) nonsynonymous and splice-site variants in 2 @entity1 susceptibility genes were identified in 223 individuals (11% of the study cohort). Forty-two variants in 63 @entity0 were designated potentially pathogenic by at least 1 laboratory or ClinVar, with low concordance across laboratories (Cohen k   =   0.26). An ICD-9 code for @entity1 was found in 11 of 63 (17%) variant carriers vs 264 of 1959 (13%) of those without variants (difference, +4%; 95% CI, -5% to +13%; P   =   .35). In the 1270 (63%) with ECGs, corrected QT intervals were not different in variant carriers vs those without (median, 429 vs 439 milliseconds; difference, -10 milliseconds; 95% CI, -16 to +3 milliseconds; P   =   .17). After manual review, 22 of 63 @entity0 (35%) with designated variants had any ECG or @entity1 phenotype, and only 2 had corrected QT interval longer than 500 milliseconds. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among laboratories experienced in genetic testing for @entity1 , there was low concordance in designating @entity2 and @entity4 variants as pathogenic. In an unselected population, the putatively pathogenic genetic variants were not associated with an abnormal phenotype. These findings raise questions about the implications of notifying @entity0 of incidental genetic findings.

title: Association of XXXX -Related Genetic Variants With Phenotypes Documented in Electronic Medical Records.

answer: @entity1