abstract: PURPOSE: Humanized @entity9 (huA33; IgG1) monoclonal antibody detects a determinant expressed by 95% of @entity1 and can activate immune cytolytic mechanisms. The present study was designed to (a) define the @entity2 and maximum tolerated dose of huA33 and (b) determine huA33 immunogenicity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity0 (n = 11) with advanced chemotherapy-resistant @entity1 received 4-week cycles of huA33 at 10, 25, or 50 mg/m(2)/week. Serum samples were analyzed using biosensor technology for evidence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) response. RESULTS: Eight of 11 @entity0 developed a @entity4 response. Significant @entity2 was limited to four @entity0 who developed high @entity4 titers. In two of these cases, infusion-related reactions such as fevers, @entity8 , facial @entity6 , and changes in blood pressure were observed, whereas in the other two cases, @entity2 consisted of @entity7 , fever, or @entity5 . Of three @entity0 who remained @entity4 negative, one achieved a radiographic partial response, with reduction of serum carcinoembryonic antigen from 80 to 3 ng/ml. Four @entity0 had radiographic evidence of stable disease (2, 4, 6, and 12 months), with significant reductions (>25%) in serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in two cases. CONCLUSIONS: The complementarity-determining region-grafted huA33 antibody is immunogenic in the majority of @entity3 @entity0 (73%). @entity4 activity can be measured reproducibly and quantitatively by BIACORE analysis. Whereas the huA33 construct tested here may be too immunogenic for further clinical development, the antitumor effects observed in the absence of antibody-mediated @entity2 and in this heavily pretreated @entity0 population warrant clinical testing of other IgG1 humanized versions of @entity9 antibody.

title: Phase I study of anticolon cancer humanized antibody XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: Molecular targeting with monoclonal antibodies and @entity3 kinase inhibitors is a novel approach to @entity1 treatment. We have examined the expression of molecular targets in @entity0 with @entity5 , which is necessary to justify additional studies investigating the potential benefit from such treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Thirty-eight @entity1 tissues from @entity5 were examined with immunohistochemistry using specific polyclonal antibodies with regard to the expression pattern of platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) alpha and beta, @entity7 , and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). RESULTS: All 38 tissue specimens expressed @entity4 on @entity1 cells, and 21 of 37 specimens (57%) expressed @entity4 in @entity1 stroma (1 specimen was nonevaluable). Twenty-eight samples (74%) stained positive for @entity8 on @entity1 cells, and 36 of 37 samples (97%) stained positive for @entity8 in the stroma (1 specimen was nonevaluable). Thirty-five @entity1 tissues (92%) stained positive for @entity7 , and 21 (55%) stained positive for @entity2 on @entity1 cells. No differences were seen between syndromes or between poorly differentiated or well-differentiated @entity1 . Previous treatment did not influence expression pattern. Receptor expression pattern varied considerably between individuals. CONCLUSIONS: We have found that @entity3 kinase receptors PDGFRs alpha and beta, @entity2 , and @entity7 are expressed in more than half of the @entity0 with endocrine @entity5 . Because these receptors represent molecular targets for @entity6 and @entity9 ( @entity3 kinase inhibitors) and IMC-C225 (a monoclonal antibody), we propose that @entity0 suffering from EPTs might benefit from this new treatment strategy. However, because of great variability in receptor expression pattern, all @entity0 ' individual receptor expression should be examined.

title: Expression of molecular targets for XXXX kinase receptor antagonists in @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Molecular targeting with monoclonal antibodies and @entity3 kinase inhibitors is a novel approach to @entity1 treatment. We have examined the expression of molecular targets in @entity0 with @entity5 , which is necessary to justify additional studies investigating the potential benefit from such treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Thirty-eight @entity1 tissues from @entity5 were examined with immunohistochemistry using specific polyclonal antibodies with regard to the expression pattern of platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) alpha and beta, @entity7 , and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). RESULTS: All 38 tissue specimens expressed @entity4 on @entity1 cells, and 21 of 37 specimens (57%) expressed @entity4 in @entity1 stroma (1 specimen was nonevaluable). Twenty-eight samples (74%) stained positive for @entity8 on @entity1 cells, and 36 of 37 samples (97%) stained positive for @entity8 in the stroma (1 specimen was nonevaluable). Thirty-five @entity1 tissues (92%) stained positive for @entity7 , and 21 (55%) stained positive for @entity2 on @entity1 cells. No differences were seen between syndromes or between poorly differentiated or well-differentiated @entity1 . Previous treatment did not influence expression pattern. Receptor expression pattern varied considerably between individuals. CONCLUSIONS: We have found that @entity3 kinase receptors PDGFRs alpha and beta, @entity2 , and @entity7 are expressed in more than half of the @entity0 with endocrine @entity5 . Because these receptors represent molecular targets for @entity6 and @entity9 ( @entity3 kinase inhibitors) and IMC-C225 (a monoclonal antibody), we propose that @entity0 suffering from EPTs might benefit from this new treatment strategy. However, because of great variability in receptor expression pattern, all @entity0 ' individual receptor expression should be examined.

title: Expression of molecular targets for @entity3 kinase receptor antagonists in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Treadmill training and @entity1 , an alpha-2 noradrenergic agonist, have been shown to improve locomotion after @entity2 . We speculate that transmission in load pathways, which are involved in body support during stance, is specifically modified by training. This was evaluated by comparing two groups of spinal @entity0 ; one group (n = 11) was trained to walk until full-weight-bearing (3-4 weeks), and the other (shams; n = 7) was not. During an acute experiment, changes in group I pathways, monosynaptic excitation, disynaptic inhibition, and polysynaptic excitation were investigated by measuring the response amplitude in extensor motoneurons before and after @entity1 injection. Monosynaptic excitation was not modified by @entity1 but was decreased significantly by training. Disynaptic inhibition was significantly decreased by @entity1 in both groups, but more significantly in trained @entity0 , and significantly reduced by training after @entity1 . Also, @entity1 could reverse group IB inhibition into polysynaptic excitation in both groups but more frequently in trained @entity0 . We also investigated whether fictive stepping revealed additional changes. In trained @entity0 , the phase-dependent modulation of all three responses was similar to patterns reported previously, but in shams, modulation of monosynaptic and polysynaptic responses was not. Overall, training appears to decrease monosynaptic excitation and enhance the effects of @entity1 in the reduction of disynaptic inhibition and reversal to polysynaptic excitation. Because it is believed that polysynaptic excitatory group I pathways transmit locomotor drive to extensor motoneurons, we suggest that the latter changes would facilitate the recruitment of extensor muscles for recovering weight-bearing during stepping.

title: Spinal XXXX on the treadmill: changes in load pathways.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In collaboration with @entity5 , cyclins @entity10 regulate the G2/M transition, a key checkpoint in the active cell cycle, which can be monitored by Ki67. However, the @entity8 expression remains unclear during @entity2 and during later metastasis to lymph nodes, and @entity9 expression is not clear in @entity2 . To clarify the variations of the two cyclins in @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity5 , and Ki67 were immunohistochemically stained in 22 normal mucosa, 62 @entity4 , 17 @entity3 in @entity4 , 194 @entity3 , and 21 lymph node @entity1 ; and the two cyclins were examined by Western blot in other 10 @entity3 . Located in cytoplasms, nuclei or both, @entity8 expression increased significantly from normal mucosa through @entity7 , from @entity4 with mild @entity6 through those with moderate to those with severe, from peripheral @entity7 , and from primary to metastatic foci. These increased expressions were confirmed by Western blot. @entity8 expression, however, declined significantly in @entity3 showing large size, mucinous type, deep invasion, or short postoperative- @entity0 -survival time. High @entity8 was linked to high @entity5 in @entity4 , and to high Ki67 in @entity4 and @entity3 . In contrast, found limited to nuclei, @entity9 expression did not vary significantly from normal mucosa through to metastatic @entity3 , and was not associated with clinicopathological parameters, @entity5 or Ki67. The unchanged expressions were confirmed by Western blot. Thus, increased @entity8 , but not @entity9 , may promote @entity2 and later metastasis to lymph nodes.

title: @entity8 , unlike @entity9 , increases significantly during XXXX and during later metastasis to lymph nodes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In collaboration with @entity5 , cyclins @entity10 regulate the G2/M transition, a key checkpoint in the active cell cycle, which can be monitored by Ki67. However, the @entity8 expression remains unclear during @entity2 and during later metastasis to lymph nodes, and @entity9 expression is not clear in @entity2 . To clarify the variations of the two cyclins in @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity5 , and Ki67 were immunohistochemically stained in 22 normal mucosa, 62 @entity4 , 17 @entity3 in @entity4 , 194 @entity3 , and 21 lymph node @entity1 ; and the two cyclins were examined by Western blot in other 10 @entity3 . Located in cytoplasms, nuclei or both, @entity8 expression increased significantly from normal mucosa through @entity7 , from @entity4 with mild @entity6 through those with moderate to those with severe, from peripheral @entity7 , and from primary to metastatic foci. These increased expressions were confirmed by Western blot. @entity8 expression, however, declined significantly in @entity3 showing large size, mucinous type, deep invasion, or short postoperative- @entity0 -survival time. High @entity8 was linked to high @entity5 in @entity4 , and to high Ki67 in @entity4 and @entity3 . In contrast, found limited to nuclei, @entity9 expression did not vary significantly from normal mucosa through to metastatic @entity3 , and was not associated with clinicopathological parameters, @entity5 or Ki67. The unchanged expressions were confirmed by Western blot. Thus, increased @entity8 , but not @entity9 , may promote @entity2 and later metastasis to lymph nodes.

title: XXXX , unlike @entity9 , increases significantly during @entity2 and during later metastasis to lymph nodes.

answer: @entity8


abstract: In collaboration with @entity5 , cyclins @entity10 regulate the G2/M transition, a key checkpoint in the active cell cycle, which can be monitored by Ki67. However, the @entity8 expression remains unclear during @entity2 and during later metastasis to lymph nodes, and @entity9 expression is not clear in @entity2 . To clarify the variations of the two cyclins in @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity5 , and Ki67 were immunohistochemically stained in 22 normal mucosa, 62 @entity4 , 17 @entity3 in @entity4 , 194 @entity3 , and 21 lymph node @entity1 ; and the two cyclins were examined by Western blot in other 10 @entity3 . Located in cytoplasms, nuclei or both, @entity8 expression increased significantly from normal mucosa through @entity7 , from @entity4 with mild @entity6 through those with moderate to those with severe, from peripheral @entity7 , and from primary to metastatic foci. These increased expressions were confirmed by Western blot. @entity8 expression, however, declined significantly in @entity3 showing large size, mucinous type, deep invasion, or short postoperative- @entity0 -survival time. High @entity8 was linked to high @entity5 in @entity4 , and to high Ki67 in @entity4 and @entity3 . In contrast, found limited to nuclei, @entity9 expression did not vary significantly from normal mucosa through to metastatic @entity3 , and was not associated with clinicopathological parameters, @entity5 or Ki67. The unchanged expressions were confirmed by Western blot. Thus, increased @entity8 , but not @entity9 , may promote @entity2 and later metastasis to lymph nodes.

title: @entity8 , unlike XXXX , increases significantly during @entity2 and during later metastasis to lymph nodes.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are common and incur substantial personal and economic costs. Research has shown that persistent posttraumatic stress reactions predict poorer functional recovery in @entity1 ; however, the specific mechanism through which this occurs is unclear. The current study is the first to examine the direct impact of @entity3 symptoms in @entity1 using laboratory tested @entity2 measures. METHODS: A mixed experimental design was used to examine the impact of exposure to accident cues on chronic @entity1 individuals with (n=33) and without (n=39) @entity3 . Groups were compared at baseline and post accident cue on self-reported @entity2 and negative affect and laboratory tested arousal and sensory @entity2 threshold measures. RESULTS: At baseline, @entity1 individuals with @entity3 reported greater disability, negative affect, @entity2 , arousal and lower @entity2 thresholds than those without @entity3 . As expected, exposure to accident cues resulted in greater increases in arousal and negative affect for those with @entity3 . Changes in sensory @entity2 thresholds revealed a @entity4 effect in @entity2 thresholds for the @entity3 group compared to the No @entity3 group and mixed findings for pressure @entity2 thresholds. DISCUSSION: Findings from the current study highlight the negative impact of @entity3 on both physical and psychological outcomes in chronic @entity1 . From a clinical perspective, data suggest that @entity0 exposed to accident-cues may experience arousal that lowers their threshold to certain @entity2 stimuli. Further investigation of effective multidisciplinary interventions and in particular the treatment of @entity3 in @entity1 is identified as an important area of further investigation.

title: The Impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Physiological Arousal, Disability and Sensory Pain Thresholds in XXXX with Chronic Whiplash.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We report an adult case who presented @entity4 attacks due to @entity2 associated with the right aortic arch in a @entity0 with @entity1 . A 29-year-old male diagnosed as having @entity1 developed frequent @entity4 attacks and was admitted to our hospital. Blood pressure of the left arm was 20 mmHg lower than that of the right arm. Aortagraphy showed that he had a right aortic arch and isolation of the left subclavian artery. Right vertebral angiography opacified the left vertebral artery and the subclavian artery in retrograde fashion, suggesting subclavian steal phenomenon. Blood flow studies disclosed impaired reactivity to @entity3 in the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres. We successfully carried out left common carotid artery-transverse cervical artery bypass. Postoperative angiography confirmed the patency of the graft and the disappearance of subclavian steal phenomenon. Vasoreactivity to @entity3 normalized in the cerebellum. Vertigo attacks were not noted during the one-year follow-up period.

title: [Subclavian steal syndrome associated with the right aortic arch in a @entity0 with XXXX : case report].

answer: @entity1


abstract: We report an adult case who presented @entity4 attacks due to @entity2 associated with the right aortic arch in a @entity0 with @entity1 . A 29-year-old male diagnosed as having @entity1 developed frequent @entity4 attacks and was admitted to our hospital. Blood pressure of the left arm was 20 mmHg lower than that of the right arm. Aortagraphy showed that he had a right aortic arch and isolation of the left subclavian artery. Right vertebral angiography opacified the left vertebral artery and the subclavian artery in retrograde fashion, suggesting subclavian steal phenomenon. Blood flow studies disclosed impaired reactivity to @entity3 in the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres. We successfully carried out left common carotid artery-transverse cervical artery bypass. Postoperative angiography confirmed the patency of the graft and the disappearance of subclavian steal phenomenon. Vasoreactivity to @entity3 normalized in the cerebellum. Vertigo attacks were not noted during the one-year follow-up period.

title: [Subclavian steal syndrome associated with the right aortic arch in a XXXX with @entity1 : case report].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Cold-acclimation (CA) of the halotolerant alga @entity2 was inhibited by light and by high salt. CA was associated with enhanced resistance to freezing in saline growth solutions, as manifested by protection of photosynthetic @entity0 evolution and by reduced permeabilisation of the plasma membrane. @entity0 evolution activity in isolated chloroplasts was not affected by freezing, but was inhibited by high salt and the inhibition could be reversed or protected by @entity1 . The activity of chloroplasts from cold-acclimated cells was more resistant to salt than of non-acclimated cells. Electron transport measurements in chloroplasts indicated that high salt inhibited PS-II, but not PS-I electron transport. High salt also inhibited PS-II thermoluminescence (TL) activity in chloroplasts. Similar inhibition of PS-II TL was observed by freezing intact cells in saline solutions. Chloroplasts from cold-acclimated cells had enhanced resistance to inhibition of PS-II electron transport and of PS-II TL by high salt. These results suggest that inhibition of @entity0 evolution upon freezing @entity2 cells may result from inactivation of PS-II due to massive influx of salt and loss of @entity1 . The enhanced freeze-resistance of cold-acclimated cells to inhibition of @entity0 evolution can be accounted for partly by protection of PS-II against high salt.

title: Cold-acclimation protects photosystem II against freezing damage in the halotolerant alga XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The First Surgical Clinic of the First Medical Faculty of Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague made operations of the pancreas ever since 1971. In the work sooner or later all approaches to surgical treatment @entity6 were reflected. The authors present a brief review of results and their own experience since 1994 when duodenum-sparing operations were introduced. Indications for surgical treatment were based on the diagnosis by US, CT and ERCP, in exceptional case MR, after evaluation by a pancreatologist, roentgenologist and surgeon. The group of @entity0 with @entity7 was extended by 21 @entity0 from a group operated because of preoperative suspicion of a malignant @entity1 not confirmed during and after surgery. In those Whipple's operation was preformed. The same operation was performed in three @entity0 with @entity7 with serious changes in the area of the head of the pancreas. In 123 @entity0 a drainage and duodenum sparing operation was preformed, of these in 57 according to Beger, 19 according to Frey, 37 Partington-Rochelle's procedure. The authors record two @entity5 after the classical Beger operation and the hospital stay was on average by five days shorter as compared with the classical method of Whipple. When evaluating @entity4 ( @entity4 , @entity9 , physical @entity10 and social position) the authors recorded equally favourable results as after non-complicated duodenopancreatectomy. They varied, depending on the @entity0 co-operation round 84-87% while authors consider Beger's operation logical because of the removal of the main tissue mass of the head of the pancreas, responsible for @entity4 , complications caused by @entity3 in the area round the bile duct and duodenum, responsible for the deteriation of the @entity8 in the left half of the gland. Its result is destruction of the remainder of exocrine and endocrine tissue. Of 187 operated @entity0 one @entity0 with decompensated @entity2 died postoperatively. Based on their own experience the authors do not consider repeated re-operations an absolute contraindication of Beger's operation when conditions permit. A problem is, in their opinion, @entity3 in the vicinity of the pancreas and portal overpressure.

title: [Choice of surgical procedure in operations for XXXX --personal experience].

answer: @entity7


abstract: AIM: To retrospectively describe the performance of ultrasound guided thoracic epidural anaesthesia under sedation for anaesthesia management of open pyloromyotomy. BACKGROUND: Anaesthesia management for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is usually performed under general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation. Only a few publications describe avoidance of tracheal intubation in @entity0 by using spinal or caudal anaesthesia. The present retrospective analysis describes the performance of ultrasound guided thoracic epidural anaesthesia under sedation for anaesthetic management of open pyloromyotomy. METHODS: Twenty consecutive @entity0 scheduled for pyloromyotomy according to the Weber-Ramstedt technique were retrospectively analysed. After sedation with @entity5 and @entity4 , an ultrasound guided single shot thoracic epidural anaesthesia was performed with 0.75 ml  kg(-1) @entity3 0.475%. Insufficient blockade was defined as increase of HR > 15% from initial value and/or any movements at skin incision. In those cases we were prepared for rapid sequence intubation according to the departmental standard. RESULTS: All pyloromyotomies could be performed under single shot thoracic epidural anaesthesia and sedation. One case of moderate @entity1 desaturation was treated with intermittent ventilation via face mask. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracic epidural anaesthesia under sedation for pyloromyotomy has been a useful technique in this retrospective series of @entity0 suffering from @entity2 . In 1/20 @entity0 short term assisted ventilation via face mask was required. Undisturbed surgery was possible in all cases.

title: Management of XXXX with ultrasound guided single shot epidural anaesthesia--a retrospective analysis of 20 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A review of 14 cases of fetal @entity1 greater than two seconds during labor revealed two distinct patterns. Type 1 episodes developed without warning in eight apparently healthy fetuses at the nadir of a variable deceleration. These episodes were both preceded and followed by normal to increased variability, stable baseline heart rate, and less dramatic variable decelerations. Analysis of the fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) complexes during the asystole revealed a normal QRS complex, either biphasic or absent P-waves, and occasional ventricular extrasystoles. One of eight fetuses in this group died; the remainder were delivered in good condition and required minimal resuscitation. The mechanism of type 1 episodes appears to be an exuberant vagal response to @entity3 . Rapid intervention probably is not warranted. Type 2 episodes developed in seriously asphyxiated @entity0 and frequently were preceded by absent variability and, usually, severe decelerations. The fetal ECG pattern during the episode revealed @entity2 with sinus rhythm. Five of the six @entity0 with type 2 episodes died either in utero or in the neonatal period. Despite the ominous portent of type 2 patterns, rapid delivery appears to be indicated.

title: XXXX during labor.

answer: @entity1


abstract: As both @entity6 and rituximab are active against @entity2 , we have studied the combination of @entity6 and rituximab in @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in phase I/II fashion. Of 33 @entity0 enrolled, 21(63.6%) had @entity4 and 12 (36.4%) had @entity3 . They received @entity6 30 mg/m2 on days 1-4 and rituximab 125, 250 or 375 mg/m2 on day 5 at intervals of 28 days to a maximum of 8 cycles. Three @entity0 were removed from the study because of rituximab-associated @entity5 and four because of prolonged @entity1 . @entity1 and responsiveness did not differ at the different dose levels of rituximab. For 29 evaluable @entity0 , responses were seen in 82.8% and complete responses in 34.5%. Of 7 responding @entity0 not referred for stem cell transplantation, 6 remain in complete remission at a median follow-up of 16 months (range 4-30 months). Of 13 previously untreated @entity0 , all responded and 46.2% had a complete response. Of 16 previously treated @entity0 , 68.5% responded and 25% had a complete response. The combination of @entity6 and rituximab has major activity and acceptable @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 .

title: Combined XXXX and rituximab for @entity4 and @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: As both @entity6 and rituximab are active against @entity2 , we have studied the combination of @entity6 and rituximab in @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in phase I/II fashion. Of 33 @entity0 enrolled, 21(63.6%) had @entity4 and 12 (36.4%) had @entity3 . They received @entity6 30 mg/m2 on days 1-4 and rituximab 125, 250 or 375 mg/m2 on day 5 at intervals of 28 days to a maximum of 8 cycles. Three @entity0 were removed from the study because of rituximab-associated @entity5 and four because of prolonged @entity1 . @entity1 and responsiveness did not differ at the different dose levels of rituximab. For 29 evaluable @entity0 , responses were seen in 82.8% and complete responses in 34.5%. Of 7 responding @entity0 not referred for stem cell transplantation, 6 remain in complete remission at a median follow-up of 16 months (range 4-30 months). Of 13 previously untreated @entity0 , all responded and 46.2% had a complete response. Of 16 previously treated @entity0 , 68.5% responded and 25% had a complete response. The combination of @entity6 and rituximab has major activity and acceptable @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 .

title: Combined @entity6 and rituximab for @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: As both @entity6 and rituximab are active against @entity2 , we have studied the combination of @entity6 and rituximab in @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in phase I/II fashion. Of 33 @entity0 enrolled, 21(63.6%) had @entity4 and 12 (36.4%) had @entity3 . They received @entity6 30 mg/m2 on days 1-4 and rituximab 125, 250 or 375 mg/m2 on day 5 at intervals of 28 days to a maximum of 8 cycles. Three @entity0 were removed from the study because of rituximab-associated @entity5 and four because of prolonged @entity1 . @entity1 and responsiveness did not differ at the different dose levels of rituximab. For 29 evaluable @entity0 , responses were seen in 82.8% and complete responses in 34.5%. Of 7 responding @entity0 not referred for stem cell transplantation, 6 remain in complete remission at a median follow-up of 16 months (range 4-30 months). Of 13 previously untreated @entity0 , all responded and 46.2% had a complete response. Of 16 previously treated @entity0 , 68.5% responded and 25% had a complete response. The combination of @entity6 and rituximab has major activity and acceptable @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 .

title: Combined @entity6 and rituximab for XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Importance: While neoadjuvant chemoradiation for @entity2 improves oncologic outcomes for a broad group of @entity0 with locally advanced and/or node-positive @entity1 , it is less clear which specific subset of @entity0 derives most benefit in terms of overall survival (OS). Objective: To determine whether neoadjuvant chemoradiation based on @entity3 histology has similar oncologic outcomes for @entity0 treated with surgery alone when stratified by clinical nodal status. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : A retrospective analysis using the American College of Surgeons National @entity1 Database from 1998 to 2006. @entity0 with @entity3 histology and clinical stage T1bN1-N3 or T2-T4aN-/+M0 were divided into 2 treatment groups: (1) neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery and (2) surgery alone. Subset analysis within each treatment group was performed for clinically node-negative @entity0 (cN-) vs node-positive @entity0 (cN+) in conjunction with pathological nodal status. A propensity score-adjusted analysis, which included @entity0 demographics, comorbidity status, and clinical T stage, was also performed. Main Outcome and Measures: The primary outcome was 3-year OS. Secondary outcomes included margin status, postoperative length of stay, unplanned readmission rate, and 30-day mortality. Results: A total of 1309 @entity0 were identified, of whom 539 received neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery and 770 received surgery alone. Of the 1309 @entity0 , 41.2% (n   =   539) received neoadjuvant chemoradiation and 47.2% (n   =   618) were cN+. Median follow-up for the entire cohort was 73.3 months (interquartile range, 64.1-93.5 months). The 3-year OS was better for neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery compared with surgery alone (49% vs 38%, respectively; P   <   .001). Stratifying based on clinical nodal status, the propensity score-adjusted OS was significantly better for cN+ @entity0 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation (hazard ratio, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.42-0.66; P   <   .001). In contrast, there was no difference in OS for cN- @entity0 based on treatment (hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.65-1.10; P   =   .22). Conclusions and Relevance: @entity0 with cN+ @entity3 benefit significantly from neoadjuvant chemoradiation. However, @entity0 with @entity1 treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus surgery do not derive a significant OS benefit compared with surgery alone. This finding may have significant implications on the use of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in @entity0 with cN- disease.

title: Association Between Clinically Staged Node-Negative XXXX and Overall Survival Benefit From Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study compared outcomes between thoracic endovascular aortic repair and conventional open surgical and medical therapies for acute complicated type B aortic dissection. METHODS: From 2002 to 2010, a total of 170 @entity0 with type B aortic dissections were retrospectively identified from the University of Pennsylvania aortic database. Of these 170 @entity0 , 147 had acute type B aortic dissections (uncomplicated 70, complicated 77). For @entity0 with acute complicated type B aortic dissections, management included thoracic endovascular aortic repair (group A) or conventional open surgical and medical therapies (group B). RESULTS: In the 77 @entity0 with acute complicated type B aortic dissections, thoracic endovascular aortic repair (group A) was performed in 45 @entity0 (59%). In group B, 20 @entity0 (26%) underwent open surgical repair and 12 (15%) had their conditions managed with medical therapy. @entity1 was associated with lower in-hospital or 30-day mortality (n = 2, 4%) than conventional therapy (open surgical repair n = 8, 40%, medical therapy, n = 4, 33%, P = .006). @entity0 in group A (thoracic endovascular aortic repair) continued to show significantly improved survival at 1, 3, and 5 years (group A: 82%, 79%, and 79% vs group B: 58%, 52%, and 44%, P = .008). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 for acute complicated type B dissection is associated with superior early outcome and improved midterm survival relative to conventional therapy. Longer follow-up demonstrating survival benefit is needed before definitive conclusion can be made.

title: XXXX for acute complicated type B aortic dissection: superiority relative to conventional open surgical and medical therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity7 media with effusion in @entity0 younger than 1 year and its association with the season of the year, artificial feeding, environmental and perinatal factors. METHODS: Retrospective study of 184 randomly included medical records from a total of 982 healthy @entity0 evaluated for hearing screening tests. @entity7 media with effusion was based on otoscopy (amber-gold color, fluid level, handle of @entity4 ), type B tympanometric curves and absence of otoacoustic emissions. Incomplete medical records or those describing @entity2 , @entity3 on the assessment day or in the last 3 months, @entity1 and @entity5 were excluded. Data such as gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, type of feeding and day care attendance were compared between @entity0 with and without @entity7 media with effusion through likelihood tests and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 25.3% of 184 @entity0 had @entity7 media with bilateral effusion; 9.2% had unilateral. In @entity0 with @entity7 media, the following were observed: chronological age of 9.6  1.7 months; gestational age >38 weeks in 43.4% and birth weight >2,500g in 48.4%. @entity6 with effusion was associated with winter/fall, artificial feeding, Apgar score <7 and day care attendance. The multivariate analysis showed that artificial feeding is the factor most often associated to @entity7 media with effusion. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 with effusion was found in about one third of @entity0 younger than 1 year and was mainly associated with artificial feeding.

title: [ XXXX with effusion in @entity0 younger than 1 year].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity7 media with effusion in @entity0 younger than 1 year and its association with the season of the year, artificial feeding, environmental and perinatal factors. METHODS: Retrospective study of 184 randomly included medical records from a total of 982 healthy @entity0 evaluated for hearing screening tests. @entity7 media with effusion was based on otoscopy (amber-gold color, fluid level, handle of @entity4 ), type B tympanometric curves and absence of otoacoustic emissions. Incomplete medical records or those describing @entity2 , @entity3 on the assessment day or in the last 3 months, @entity1 and @entity5 were excluded. Data such as gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, type of feeding and day care attendance were compared between @entity0 with and without @entity7 media with effusion through likelihood tests and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 25.3% of 184 @entity0 had @entity7 media with bilateral effusion; 9.2% had unilateral. In @entity0 with @entity7 media, the following were observed: chronological age of 9.6  1.7 months; gestational age >38 weeks in 43.4% and birth weight >2,500g in 48.4%. @entity6 with effusion was associated with winter/fall, artificial feeding, Apgar score <7 and day care attendance. The multivariate analysis showed that artificial feeding is the factor most often associated to @entity7 media with effusion. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 with effusion was found in about one third of @entity0 younger than 1 year and was mainly associated with artificial feeding.

title: [ @entity6 with effusion in XXXX younger than 1 year].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Eating alone is a known risk factor for nutritional vulnerability in later life. Widowhood often entails @entity1 (shared meals). This article explores this experience among older widowed @entity0 in relation to food behavior. METHOD: Qualitative methods based on constructivist grounded theory were used. Interviews were conducted with 15 @entity0 living alone in the community, aged 71 to 86 years, and widowed 6 months to 15 years. RESULTS: Widowhood meant having significantly fewer opportunities for commensality. @entity0 attributed changes to their food behaviors to the @entity1 , including food choice, fewer regular meals, and reduced work of meal preparation. These changes were attributed to the experienced difference between shared meals and meals eaten alone, no longer having the commitment of commensality, and having less interest in meal preparation in the absence of obligation or reward of commensality. DISCUSSION: Eating alone symbolized loss and was less enjoyable, yet the pleasure experienced with food was intact. Focusing on the pleasure of eating may help support @entity0 when they lose regular commensality late in life. Free from the commitment of commensality, some shifted away from regular meals and simplified their meal preparation strategies. This has implications for clinical and research endeavors.

title: Alone at the Table: Food Behavior and the XXXX in Widowhood.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality among captive @entity3 . But there are no clinical definitions of normotension or @entity2 in @entity3 . METHODS: We analyzed 1 year of blood pressure (BP) data from a population of 261 healthy captive adult @entity3 using a consistent set of criteria to ascertain health. RESULTS: Systolic BP varied by body weight. Diastolic BP varied by age. Median normotension was 126/63 mmHg, with an upper limit of 147/84 mmHg. We defined categories of @entity2 (148/85-153/88 mmHg) and @entity2 (>= 154/89 mmHg). The prevalence of elevated BP was 15%. The relative risk of mortality was 2.60, compared to normotensive animals. CONCLUSIONS: We used contemporary methods from @entity0 laboratory medicine to define reliable reference intervals for @entity3 BP. Results allow accurate diagnosis of @entity2 and @entity2 , and demonstrate an effect of elevated BP on mortality.

title: Blood pressure reference intervals for healthy adult XXXX ( @entity3 ).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality among captive @entity3 . But there are no clinical definitions of normotension or @entity2 in @entity3 . METHODS: We analyzed 1 year of blood pressure (BP) data from a population of 261 healthy captive adult @entity3 using a consistent set of criteria to ascertain health. RESULTS: Systolic BP varied by body weight. Diastolic BP varied by age. Median normotension was 126/63 mmHg, with an upper limit of 147/84 mmHg. We defined categories of @entity2 (148/85-153/88 mmHg) and @entity2 (>= 154/89 mmHg). The prevalence of elevated BP was 15%. The relative risk of mortality was 2.60, compared to normotensive animals. CONCLUSIONS: We used contemporary methods from @entity0 laboratory medicine to define reliable reference intervals for @entity3 BP. Results allow accurate diagnosis of @entity2 and @entity2 , and demonstrate an effect of elevated BP on mortality.

title: Blood pressure reference intervals for healthy adult @entity3 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND:    @entity0 with primary @entity5 ( @entity5 ) commonly describe symptoms of @entity4 . However, hematologists rarely consider @entity4 a manifestation of @entity5 . OBJECTIVES:     To document the prevalence of @entity4 among @entity0 with @entity5 and to determine the @entity0 characteristics that are associated with @entity4 .     Using a cross-sectional design, we surveyed 1871 members of the UK @entity5 Support Association [585 (31%) responded], and 93 @entity0 enrolled in the Oklahoma (US) @entity5 Registry [68 (73%) responded] with questions about their @entity5 and with validated symptom assessment scales for @entity4 , @entity1 , and orthostatic symptoms. RESULTS:     The prevalence of @entity4 among both UK (39%) and US (22%) @entity0 was significantly greater than expected compared with normal subjects (P<0.0001 and P<0.0001 respectively). In univariate analysis of the combined cohorts, @entity4 was associated with a platelet count <100000/ L, treatment with @entity2 , @entity3 symptoms, presence of other medical conditions, @entity1 , and orthostatic symptoms. Fatigue was not associated with age, gender, duration of @entity5 , or splenectomy status. Multivariate analysis of the combined cohorts was stratified for the presence or absence of @entity3 symptoms. Among 107 @entity0 with @entity3 symptoms, @entity4 was independently associated with a platelet count <100000/ L and female gender. Among 491 @entity0 without @entity3 symptoms, @entity4 was independently associated with a platelet count <30000/ L, presence of other medical conditions, @entity1 , and orthostatic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS:     Fatigue is a common symptom among @entity0 with @entity5 . These data provide the basis for future studies to define the clinical importance of @entity4 in @entity5 .

title: Fatigue in adult @entity0 with primary XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND:    @entity0 with primary @entity5 ( @entity5 ) commonly describe symptoms of @entity4 . However, hematologists rarely consider @entity4 a manifestation of @entity5 . OBJECTIVES:     To document the prevalence of @entity4 among @entity0 with @entity5 and to determine the @entity0 characteristics that are associated with @entity4 .     Using a cross-sectional design, we surveyed 1871 members of the UK @entity5 Support Association [585 (31%) responded], and 93 @entity0 enrolled in the Oklahoma (US) @entity5 Registry [68 (73%) responded] with questions about their @entity5 and with validated symptom assessment scales for @entity4 , @entity1 , and orthostatic symptoms. RESULTS:     The prevalence of @entity4 among both UK (39%) and US (22%) @entity0 was significantly greater than expected compared with normal subjects (P<0.0001 and P<0.0001 respectively). In univariate analysis of the combined cohorts, @entity4 was associated with a platelet count <100000/ L, treatment with @entity2 , @entity3 symptoms, presence of other medical conditions, @entity1 , and orthostatic symptoms. Fatigue was not associated with age, gender, duration of @entity5 , or splenectomy status. Multivariate analysis of the combined cohorts was stratified for the presence or absence of @entity3 symptoms. Among 107 @entity0 with @entity3 symptoms, @entity4 was independently associated with a platelet count <100000/ L and female gender. Among 491 @entity0 without @entity3 symptoms, @entity4 was independently associated with a platelet count <30000/ L, presence of other medical conditions, @entity1 , and orthostatic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS:     Fatigue is a common symptom among @entity0 with @entity5 . These data provide the basis for future studies to define the clinical importance of @entity4 in @entity5 .

title: Fatigue in adult XXXX with primary @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of chronic treatment with an orally active @entity7 inhibitor, @entity8 ( @entity8 ), in a hamster @entity2 model. In the first experiment, after confirming the biochemical inhibitory action of @entity8 on @entity0 and hamster chymases (Ki = 6.2 and 30.6 nM, respectively), the biological action of @entity8 in vivo was assessed by the inhibition of hamster @entity7 -induced microvascular leakage. In the second experiment, @entity2 was produced by coronary artery ligation in male @entity1 . @entity8 (0.1% containing chow) was given 24 h after surgery and continued for 3 or 5 weeks, while the control and sham-operated groups were fed a standard chow. The survival rate was assessed in each group. At the end of each study period, blood pressure was measured at the left hind-limb, the heart rate and cardiac function were measured by echocardiography, the end-diastolic pressure by a direct catheterization, and organ weights and biochemical parameters, including plasma @entity3 and angiotensin-converting enzyme activities and plasma @entity6 and @entity6 concentrations, were measured. In the first experiment, a standard chow containing 0.1% @entity8 completely inhibited the hamster @entity7 -induced microvascular leakage. In the second experiment, @entity8 treatment significantly increased the survival rate (37% versus control), and attenuated @entity5 (13% versus control) and end-diastolic left ventricular pressure (34% versus control), but it did not decrease the @entity4 size nor improve the ejection fraction. The plasma @entity6 concentration post- @entity2 was significantly suppressed by @entity8 throughout the study period. We conclude that @entity8 is an orally active useful @entity7 inhibitor and improves survival and @entity5 of the post- @entity2 hamster.

title: XXXX inhibitor improves survival in hamsters with @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of chronic treatment with an orally active @entity7 inhibitor, @entity8 ( @entity8 ), in a hamster @entity2 model. In the first experiment, after confirming the biochemical inhibitory action of @entity8 on @entity0 and hamster chymases (Ki = 6.2 and 30.6 nM, respectively), the biological action of @entity8 in vivo was assessed by the inhibition of hamster @entity7 -induced microvascular leakage. In the second experiment, @entity2 was produced by coronary artery ligation in male @entity1 . @entity8 (0.1% containing chow) was given 24 h after surgery and continued for 3 or 5 weeks, while the control and sham-operated groups were fed a standard chow. The survival rate was assessed in each group. At the end of each study period, blood pressure was measured at the left hind-limb, the heart rate and cardiac function were measured by echocardiography, the end-diastolic pressure by a direct catheterization, and organ weights and biochemical parameters, including plasma @entity3 and angiotensin-converting enzyme activities and plasma @entity6 and @entity6 concentrations, were measured. In the first experiment, a standard chow containing 0.1% @entity8 completely inhibited the hamster @entity7 -induced microvascular leakage. In the second experiment, @entity8 treatment significantly increased the survival rate (37% versus control), and attenuated @entity5 (13% versus control) and end-diastolic left ventricular pressure (34% versus control), but it did not decrease the @entity4 size nor improve the ejection fraction. The plasma @entity6 concentration post- @entity2 was significantly suppressed by @entity8 throughout the study period. We conclude that @entity8 is an orally active useful @entity7 inhibitor and improves survival and @entity5 of the post- @entity2 hamster.

title: @entity7 inhibitor improves survival in hamsters with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In order to discover novel protein markers indicative of disease processes or drug effects, the proteomics technology platform most commonly used consists of high resolution protein separation by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), mass spectrometric identification of proteins from stained gel spots and a bioinformatic data analysis process supported by statistics. This approach has been more successful in profiling proteins and their disease- or treatment-related quantitative changes in tissue homogenates than in plasma samples. Plasma protein display and quantitation suffer from several disadvantages: very high abundance of a few proteins; high heterogeneity of many proteins resulting in long charge trains; crowding of 2-DE separated protein spots in the molecular mass range between 45-80 kD and in the isoelectric point range between 4.5 and 6. Therefore, proteomic technologies are needed that address these problems and particularly allow accurate quantitation of a larger number of less abundant proteins in plasma and other body fluids. The immunoaffinity-based protein subtraction chromatography (IASC) described here removes multiple proteins present in plasma and serum in high concentrations effectively and reproducibly. Applying IASC as an upfront plasma sample preparation process for 2-DE, the protein spot pattern observed in gels changes dramatically and at least 350 additional lower abundance proteins are visualized. Affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) are the immunoaffinity reagents used to specifically remove the abundant proteins such as albumin, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A, @entity1 , @entity2 , alpha-1-antitrypsin, @entity3 , transthyretin, alpha-2-HS glycoprotein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, @entity4 from @entity0 plasma samples. To render the immunoaffinity subtraction procedure recyclable, the pAbs are immobilized and cross-linked on chromatographic matrices. Antibody-coupled matrices specific for one protein each can be pooled to form mixed-bed IASC columns. We show that up to ten affinity-bound plasma proteins with similar solubility characteristics are eluted from a mixed-bed column in one step. This facilitates automated chromatographic processing of plasma samples in high throughput, which is desirable in proteomic disease marker discovery projects.

title: Multi-component immunoaffinity subtraction chromatography: an innovative step towards a comprehensive survey of the XXXX plasma proteome.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Controlling healthcare costs without compromising @entity0 care is a focus given recent healthcare changes in the United States. The purpose of this study was to assess clinical improvement in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 initiated on or transitioned to enteral antibiotics compared to those who solely receive intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy for treatment of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included @entity0 with a positive quantitative respiratory culture being treated for @entity3 in a @entity2 from 1/1/09 to 3/31/11. Two distinct @entity0 groups were identified: Those treated with IV antibiotics exclusively (IV) and those either initiated on or transitioned to enteral antibiotics within 4 days of antibiotic initiation (PO). The primary endpoint of clinical improvement was assessed on day of antibiotic discontinuation. RESULTS: A total of 647 @entity0 were evaluated; 124 met inclusion criteria (30 @entity0 PO group and 94 IV group). There was no difference in clinical improvement (86.7 PO vs 72.3% IV, P = 0.14) or recurrence (10 PO vs. 12.8% IV, P > 0.99) between groups. Secondary outcomes of duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU and hospital length of stay, and all-cause mortality were also similar. Antibiotic and infection-related costs were significantly decreased in the PO group ( 1,042 vs  697, P = 0.04;  20,776 vs  17,381, P = 0.012, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 @entity0 initiated on or transitioned to PO antibiotics for @entity1 had similar clinical outcomes, but significantly less infection-related and antibiotic costs compared to those receiving IV therapy. Further, prospective studies are warranted.

title: Can enteral antibiotics be used to treat XXXX in the @entity2 ? A clinical outcomes and cost comparison.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Controlling healthcare costs without compromising @entity0 care is a focus given recent healthcare changes in the United States. The purpose of this study was to assess clinical improvement in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 initiated on or transitioned to enteral antibiotics compared to those who solely receive intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy for treatment of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included @entity0 with a positive quantitative respiratory culture being treated for @entity3 in a @entity2 from 1/1/09 to 3/31/11. Two distinct @entity0 groups were identified: Those treated with IV antibiotics exclusively (IV) and those either initiated on or transitioned to enteral antibiotics within 4 days of antibiotic initiation (PO). The primary endpoint of clinical improvement was assessed on day of antibiotic discontinuation. RESULTS: A total of 647 @entity0 were evaluated; 124 met inclusion criteria (30 @entity0 PO group and 94 IV group). There was no difference in clinical improvement (86.7 PO vs 72.3% IV, P = 0.14) or recurrence (10 PO vs. 12.8% IV, P > 0.99) between groups. Secondary outcomes of duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU and hospital length of stay, and all-cause mortality were also similar. Antibiotic and infection-related costs were significantly decreased in the PO group ( 1,042 vs  697, P = 0.04;  20,776 vs  17,381, P = 0.012, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 @entity0 initiated on or transitioned to PO antibiotics for @entity1 had similar clinical outcomes, but significantly less infection-related and antibiotic costs compared to those receiving IV therapy. Further, prospective studies are warranted.

title: Can enteral antibiotics be used to treat @entity1 in the XXXX ? A clinical outcomes and cost comparison.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of etanercept in @entity0 with @entity11 ( @entity11 ), and to assess the tolerance of these @entity0 to etanercept. METHODS: All @entity11 @entity0 with active chronic @entity5 , who were first treated with etanercept between November 1999 and June 2001 in 18 French centers because of poor response or intolerance to methotrexate, were included in this open-label, prospective, multicenter study. A standardized questionnaire was sent to the treating physicians. We assessed the validated international core-set score for @entity11 activity every 3 months and performed an intent-to-treat analysis. We also compared the risk of treatment failure in @entity0 defined as having systemic-onset, @entity11 . RESULTS: Sixty-one @entity0 were enrolled and were followed up for a median of 13 months. Treatment had to be stopped in 1 @entity0 who became pregnant and in 12 @entity0 due to severe side effects, including neurologic or @entity2 , @entity9 , major @entity6 , severe @entity3 , @entity7 with systemic symptoms, @entity4 , @entity8 flare, and @entity10 . All of these side effects disappeared after discontinuation of etanercept. @entity1 was subsequently diagnosed in 1 @entity0 . Scores improved by > or =30% in 73% of @entity0 after 3 months, but this proportion decreased to 39% after 12 months. The response rate was significantly lower in @entity0 with systemic-onset @entity11 than in those with oligoarticular- or polyarticular-onset @entity11 . CONCLUSION: Treatment of @entity11 with etanercept may be associated with a wide spectrum of severe side effects. Although most @entity0 initially respond to etanercept, this initial response is not always followed by sustained improvement over longer periods of time. In addition, the higher rate of treatment failure in the group with systemic-onset @entity11 indicates that these @entity0 in particular may require alternative treatments.

title: Efficacy of etanercept for the treatment of XXXX according to the onset type.

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 is a serious infection associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly with an estimated annual incidence rate of around 10% from previous studies. Older @entity0 are at a higher risk for @entity7 due to multiple factors including structural, functional and co-existent conditions. There is very little data on the incidence, clinical features and outcomes among elderly @entity0 with @entity7 in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of case records of 100 consecutive @entity0 over the age of 60 years with @entity7 admitted to a tertiary care hospital. RESULTS: One fourth of our @entity0 (26%) did not have fever, 49% had @entity4 and 52% had @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Sixty five percent of the @entity0 were @entity1 and 60% had @entity2 caused by extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing organisms. As in other studies, the commonest organism isolated was @entity3 (49%). A low serum @entity6 level was a predictor of mortality (p<0.001) and increased length of hospital stay (p<0.005). @entity4 was also associated with a poor outcome (p=0.009) in these @entity0 . @entity0 with @entity7 secondary to ESBL producing organisms had a higher length of stay (p<0.005). CONCLUSION: @entity8 and @entity4 predicted poor outcomes in our @entity0 . We found a high prevalence of @entity2 in this study. Further research is required to assess the efficacy of aggressive management of @entity4 and low @entity6 in improving health and cost outcomes.

title: Clinical Profile and Predictors of Outcomes in Older Inpatients with XXXX in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India.

answer: @entity7


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Menopause marks the end of ovarian function and it is called 'early' or 'premature' if it occurs before 45 years. Very little is known about the menopause transition in @entity1 @entity0 . @entity3 like @entity1 will accelerate the reproductive ageing and determine @entity7 by various mechanisms. Early menopause along with @entity1 has a synergistic effect over the incidence of @entity2 and other illnesses. There is no data regarding menopausal age in Indian population. Hence, present study was aimed at understanding the age of menopause in @entity1 Indian @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was carried out at a tertiary care, teaching hospital in Southern India. Post-menopausal @entity0 who attended the Department of Medicine during August 2013 to August 2014, were included in the study. Six hundred @entity0 were recruited by a systematic random sampling, 300 @entity1 and 300 non- @entity1 after obtaining their consents. They were all non-smokers, took mixed diet and other somatometric variables were similar in both the groups. RESULTS: Average age of menopause among @entity1 @entity0 was 44.65 years which is much earlier than the menopause in non- @entity1 @entity0 (48.2 years). Out of the 600 @entity0 , 212 @entity0 had an @entity6 (<45 yrs.). Among them, 54 were non- @entity1 and 158 were @entity1 . Present study also revealed a higher BMI among the diabetics than the non- @entity1 @entity0 . This may be due to the changes in body composition and increase in abdominal fat after menopause. This change is more in diabetics due to the disturbances in insulin sensitivity and @entity4 metabolism. CONCLUSION: The present study confirms that @entity5 increases the risk of @entity6 . The study reinforces the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 for a long term well being of a @entity0 .

title: Early Menopause in XXXX - A Study from a South Indian Tertiary Care Centre.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Considering the uprising number of @entity2 in the state with limited options of medical and surgical treatment, the focus of this study involved on chemotherapy in advanced @entity2 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of combination of @entity5 and @entity8 (PF) as induction chemotherapy in @entity0 in locally advanced @entity9 of @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty four @entity0 with previously untreated stage III -IV advanced and inoperable cases were included in this prospective study. Induction chemotherapy consisted of 3 cycles of @entity5 100mg/mt(2) as infusion on day 1, @entity8 of 750mg/mt(2) on day 2, @entity8 of 1000mg/mt2 as infusion on day 3 in an inpatient basis. Cycles were repeated with an interval of 21 days. @entity0 were evaluated within a period of 3 weeks at the end of completion of third cycle of chemotherapy. Post chemotherapy local therapy was individualized based on the response, site and stage of the @entity1 . RESULTS: Out of 44 eligible and evaluable @entity0 , major dominance was noted in male group constituting 68%. After induction chemotherapy 58.8% of stage III experienced stable response, _ 44% had partial response. In stage IV, 44% showed a stable response and 33.3% had partial response. But in comparison to primary @entity1 response and nodal response, which had a significant clinical response, the overall response of malignancy with respect to stage and site specificity was clinically insignificant. Moderate adverse reaction was noted in 47.6% and 42.1% had mild reactions. Majority of @entity0 experienced grade 3 adverse events, of which @entity4 in females and @entity7 in males pre-dominated. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity5 and @entity8 as induction chemotherapy agents in advanced and inoperable @entity6 of @entity2 , a distinct benefit was seen in stabilizing the @entity1 from progression. But achieving a significant complete response to the same is of faint possibility. An alternate multidrug regimen or multimodality treatment would be ideal to gain the optimum results from induction agents. @entity3 related to chemotherapy usually is transient at therapeutic doses, and can be controlled by adequate prophylactic measures.

title: Induction Chemotherapy with XXXX and @entity8 in Advanced @entity2 : A Short Term Response Evaluation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Considering the uprising number of @entity2 in the state with limited options of medical and surgical treatment, the focus of this study involved on chemotherapy in advanced @entity2 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of combination of @entity5 and @entity8 (PF) as induction chemotherapy in @entity0 in locally advanced @entity9 of @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty four @entity0 with previously untreated stage III -IV advanced and inoperable cases were included in this prospective study. Induction chemotherapy consisted of 3 cycles of @entity5 100mg/mt(2) as infusion on day 1, @entity8 of 750mg/mt(2) on day 2, @entity8 of 1000mg/mt2 as infusion on day 3 in an inpatient basis. Cycles were repeated with an interval of 21 days. @entity0 were evaluated within a period of 3 weeks at the end of completion of third cycle of chemotherapy. Post chemotherapy local therapy was individualized based on the response, site and stage of the @entity1 . RESULTS: Out of 44 eligible and evaluable @entity0 , major dominance was noted in male group constituting 68%. After induction chemotherapy 58.8% of stage III experienced stable response, _ 44% had partial response. In stage IV, 44% showed a stable response and 33.3% had partial response. But in comparison to primary @entity1 response and nodal response, which had a significant clinical response, the overall response of malignancy with respect to stage and site specificity was clinically insignificant. Moderate adverse reaction was noted in 47.6% and 42.1% had mild reactions. Majority of @entity0 experienced grade 3 adverse events, of which @entity4 in females and @entity7 in males pre-dominated. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity5 and @entity8 as induction chemotherapy agents in advanced and inoperable @entity6 of @entity2 , a distinct benefit was seen in stabilizing the @entity1 from progression. But achieving a significant complete response to the same is of faint possibility. An alternate multidrug regimen or multimodality treatment would be ideal to gain the optimum results from induction agents. @entity3 related to chemotherapy usually is transient at therapeutic doses, and can be controlled by adequate prophylactic measures.

title: Induction Chemotherapy with @entity5 and XXXX in Advanced @entity2 : A Short Term Response Evaluation.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Considering the uprising number of @entity2 in the state with limited options of medical and surgical treatment, the focus of this study involved on chemotherapy in advanced @entity2 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of combination of @entity5 and @entity8 (PF) as induction chemotherapy in @entity0 in locally advanced @entity9 of @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty four @entity0 with previously untreated stage III -IV advanced and inoperable cases were included in this prospective study. Induction chemotherapy consisted of 3 cycles of @entity5 100mg/mt(2) as infusion on day 1, @entity8 of 750mg/mt(2) on day 2, @entity8 of 1000mg/mt2 as infusion on day 3 in an inpatient basis. Cycles were repeated with an interval of 21 days. @entity0 were evaluated within a period of 3 weeks at the end of completion of third cycle of chemotherapy. Post chemotherapy local therapy was individualized based on the response, site and stage of the @entity1 . RESULTS: Out of 44 eligible and evaluable @entity0 , major dominance was noted in male group constituting 68%. After induction chemotherapy 58.8% of stage III experienced stable response, _ 44% had partial response. In stage IV, 44% showed a stable response and 33.3% had partial response. But in comparison to primary @entity1 response and nodal response, which had a significant clinical response, the overall response of malignancy with respect to stage and site specificity was clinically insignificant. Moderate adverse reaction was noted in 47.6% and 42.1% had mild reactions. Majority of @entity0 experienced grade 3 adverse events, of which @entity4 in females and @entity7 in males pre-dominated. CONCLUSION: With the use of @entity5 and @entity8 as induction chemotherapy agents in advanced and inoperable @entity6 of @entity2 , a distinct benefit was seen in stabilizing the @entity1 from progression. But achieving a significant complete response to the same is of faint possibility. An alternate multidrug regimen or multimodality treatment would be ideal to gain the optimum results from induction agents. @entity3 related to chemotherapy usually is transient at therapeutic doses, and can be controlled by adequate prophylactic measures.

title: Induction Chemotherapy with @entity5 and @entity8 in Advanced XXXX : A Short Term Response Evaluation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: During 2006, Israeli hospitals faced a clonal outbreak of @entity2 -resistant @entity3 that was not controlled by local measures. A nationwide intervention was launched to contain the outbreak and to introduce a strategy to control future dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals. METHODS: In March 2007, the Ministry of Health issued guidelines mandating physical separation of hospitalized carriers of @entity2 -resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and dedicated staffing and appointed a professional task force charged with containment. The task force paid site visits at acute-care hospitals, evaluated @entity1 and laboratory methods, supervised adherence to the guidelines via daily census reports on carriers and their conditions of isolation, provided daily feedback on performance to hospital directors, and intervened additionally when necessary. The initial intervention period was 1 April 2007-31 May 2008. The primary outcome measure was incidence of clinically diagnosed nosocomial CRE cases. RESULTS: By 31 March 2007, 1275 @entity0 were affected in 27 hospitals (175 cases per 1 million population). Prior to the intervention, the monthly incidence of nosocomial CRE was 55.5 cases per 100,000 @entity0 -days. With the intervention, the continuous increase in the incidence of CRE acquisition was halted, and by May 2008, the number of new monthly cases was reduced to 11.7 cases per 100,000 @entity0 -days (P<.001). There was a direct correlation between compliance with isolation guidelines and success in containment of transmission (P=.02). Compliance neutralized the effect of carrier prevalence on new incidence (P=.03). CONCLUSIONS: A centrally coordinated intervention succeeded in containing a nationwide CRE outbreak after local measures failed. The intervention demonstrates the importance of strategic planning and national oversight in combating antimicrobial resistance.

title: Containment of a country-wide outbreak of XXXX -resistant @entity3 in Israeli hospitals via a nationally implemented intervention.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: During 2006, Israeli hospitals faced a clonal outbreak of @entity2 -resistant @entity3 that was not controlled by local measures. A nationwide intervention was launched to contain the outbreak and to introduce a strategy to control future dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals. METHODS: In March 2007, the Ministry of Health issued guidelines mandating physical separation of hospitalized carriers of @entity2 -resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and dedicated staffing and appointed a professional task force charged with containment. The task force paid site visits at acute-care hospitals, evaluated @entity1 and laboratory methods, supervised adherence to the guidelines via daily census reports on carriers and their conditions of isolation, provided daily feedback on performance to hospital directors, and intervened additionally when necessary. The initial intervention period was 1 April 2007-31 May 2008. The primary outcome measure was incidence of clinically diagnosed nosocomial CRE cases. RESULTS: By 31 March 2007, 1275 @entity0 were affected in 27 hospitals (175 cases per 1 million population). Prior to the intervention, the monthly incidence of nosocomial CRE was 55.5 cases per 100,000 @entity0 -days. With the intervention, the continuous increase in the incidence of CRE acquisition was halted, and by May 2008, the number of new monthly cases was reduced to 11.7 cases per 100,000 @entity0 -days (P<.001). There was a direct correlation between compliance with isolation guidelines and success in containment of transmission (P=.02). Compliance neutralized the effect of carrier prevalence on new incidence (P=.03). CONCLUSIONS: A centrally coordinated intervention succeeded in containing a nationwide CRE outbreak after local measures failed. The intervention demonstrates the importance of strategic planning and national oversight in combating antimicrobial resistance.

title: Containment of a country-wide outbreak of @entity2 -resistant XXXX in Israeli hospitals via a nationally implemented intervention.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Persistence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is an uncommon finding during pacemaker implantation, which may be particularly relevant in performing LV transvenous pacing. Rarely, it is further complicated by the presence of @entity1 (CSO). This article reports the authors experience with biventricular pacing ( @entity3 -P) in this unusual clinical setting. From October 1999 to April 2002, 158 @entity0 underwent biventricular pacing. In four of them (mean age 62.2 years), the presence of a persistent @entity4 draining into the coronary sinus (CS) was detected at implantation, associated with @entity2 of the CSO in two @entity0 . A common characteristic was the angiographic finding of a large CS with few tributaries. The LV leads were successfully positioned in the middle cardiac vein in three @entity0 and in a posterolateral vein in one @entity0 . All vessels were large and their cannulation via downstream CS catheterization required the lead to be manipulated through sharp angles. Mean fluoroscopic exposure and procedural times were not significantly different from the overall @entity3 -P population. In all @entity0 , at a mean follow-up of 11 months, sensing and capture threshold remained stable and a significant decrease in NYHA functional class and increase in LVEF were noted. The direct lead placement in large CS tributaries in the presence of persistent @entity4 was feasible and safe. The leads remained stable up to a mean follow-up of nearly 1 year.

title: Biventricular pacing via a persistent XXXX : report of four cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Laboratory models show that the beta-blocker, @entity6 , can inhibit @entity5 -induced @entity0 cell migration. We hypothesised that @entity0 @entity1 receiving beta-blockers for @entity4 would show reduced @entity2 and improved clinical outcome. Three @entity1 subgroups were identified from the medical records of 466 consecutive female @entity1 (median age 57, range 28-71) with operable @entity0 and follow-up (>10 years). Two subgroups comprised 43 and 49 @entity4 @entity1 treated with beta-blockers or other antihypertensives respectively, prior to @entity3 diagnosis. 374 @entity1 formed a non- @entity4 control group. @entity2 development, @entity3 recurrence and hazards risk were statistically compared between groups. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to model survival and @entity7 . Beta-blocker treated @entity1 showed a significant reduction in @entity2 development (p=0.026), @entity3 recurrence (p=0.001), and longer disease free interval (p=0.01). In addition, there was a 57% reduced risk of @entity2 (Hazards ratio=0.430; 95% CI=0.200-0.926, p=0.031), and a 71% reduction in @entity0 mortality after 10 years (Hazards ratio=0.291; 95% CI=0.119-0.715, p=0.007). This proof-of-principle study showed beta-blocker therapy significantly reduces distant @entity2 , @entity3 recurrence, and @entity3 -specific mortality in @entity0 @entity1 suggesting a novel role for beta-blocker therapy. A larger epidemiological study leading to randomised clinical trials is needed for breast and other @entity3 types including colon, prostate and ovary.

title: Beta-blocker drug therapy reduces secondary @entity3 formation in XXXX and improves @entity3 specific survival.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Laboratory models show that the beta-blocker, @entity6 , can inhibit @entity5 -induced @entity0 cell migration. We hypothesised that @entity0 @entity1 receiving beta-blockers for @entity4 would show reduced @entity2 and improved clinical outcome. Three @entity1 subgroups were identified from the medical records of 466 consecutive female @entity1 (median age 57, range 28-71) with operable @entity0 and follow-up (>10 years). Two subgroups comprised 43 and 49 @entity4 @entity1 treated with beta-blockers or other antihypertensives respectively, prior to @entity3 diagnosis. 374 @entity1 formed a non- @entity4 control group. @entity2 development, @entity3 recurrence and hazards risk were statistically compared between groups. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to model survival and @entity7 . Beta-blocker treated @entity1 showed a significant reduction in @entity2 development (p=0.026), @entity3 recurrence (p=0.001), and longer disease free interval (p=0.01). In addition, there was a 57% reduced risk of @entity2 (Hazards ratio=0.430; 95% CI=0.200-0.926, p=0.031), and a 71% reduction in @entity0 mortality after 10 years (Hazards ratio=0.291; 95% CI=0.119-0.715, p=0.007). This proof-of-principle study showed beta-blocker therapy significantly reduces distant @entity2 , @entity3 recurrence, and @entity3 -specific mortality in @entity0 @entity1 suggesting a novel role for beta-blocker therapy. A larger epidemiological study leading to randomised clinical trials is needed for breast and other @entity3 types including colon, prostate and ovary.

title: Beta-blocker drug therapy reduces secondary XXXX formation in @entity0 and improves @entity3 specific survival.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Laboratory models show that the beta-blocker, @entity6 , can inhibit @entity5 -induced @entity0 cell migration. We hypothesised that @entity0 @entity1 receiving beta-blockers for @entity4 would show reduced @entity2 and improved clinical outcome. Three @entity1 subgroups were identified from the medical records of 466 consecutive female @entity1 (median age 57, range 28-71) with operable @entity0 and follow-up (>10 years). Two subgroups comprised 43 and 49 @entity4 @entity1 treated with beta-blockers or other antihypertensives respectively, prior to @entity3 diagnosis. 374 @entity1 formed a non- @entity4 control group. @entity2 development, @entity3 recurrence and hazards risk were statistically compared between groups. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to model survival and @entity7 . Beta-blocker treated @entity1 showed a significant reduction in @entity2 development (p=0.026), @entity3 recurrence (p=0.001), and longer disease free interval (p=0.01). In addition, there was a 57% reduced risk of @entity2 (Hazards ratio=0.430; 95% CI=0.200-0.926, p=0.031), and a 71% reduction in @entity0 mortality after 10 years (Hazards ratio=0.291; 95% CI=0.119-0.715, p=0.007). This proof-of-principle study showed beta-blocker therapy significantly reduces distant @entity2 , @entity3 recurrence, and @entity3 -specific mortality in @entity0 @entity1 suggesting a novel role for beta-blocker therapy. A larger epidemiological study leading to randomised clinical trials is needed for breast and other @entity3 types including colon, prostate and ovary.

title: Beta-blocker drug therapy reduces secondary @entity3 formation in @entity0 and improves XXXX specific survival.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment for metastatic @entity4 . Therapeutic guidelines for treatment of @entity3 are well defined, but it remains difficult to establish therapeutic guidelines for heterogeneous group of noncolorectal liver metastases. METHODS: 20 @entity1 with liver metastases of different origin were preoperatively indicated for multimodal therapy and were operated between 1998-2002 at our department. All @entity1 could be divided in 4 homogenous groups according to origin of primary @entity2 . Group of metastatic @entity2 , @entity0 , digestive @entity2 and a group of different @entity2 . Preoperative assessing of metastatic extent allowed application of multimodal strategy to each @entity1 . RESULTS: 26 multimodal procedures (6 hemihepatectomies, 6 nonanatomical resections, 4 segmentectomies and bisegmentectomies, 5 implantation of port catheter, 5 cytodestructive procedures) were performed at 20 @entity1 . There were no perioperative @entity5 . @entity6 was seen in 20% of @entity1 . Actuarial survival rates were 65%, 35% and 15% at 1, 2 and 3 years with median survival 15.6 month. CONCLUSION: Low morbidity and satisfactory survival rates justify a multimodal approach to the surgical management of noncolorectal liver metastases.

title: [Surgical treatment of liver metastases of non- XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Despite a remarkable regenerative capacity, recovery of the @entity0 olfactory epithelium can fail in severely injured areas, which subsequently reconstitute as aneuronal respiratory epithelium ( @entity2 ). We contrasted the cellular response of areas of the @entity1 epithelium that recover as olfactory after @entity3 lesion with those undergoing respiratory @entity2 in order to identify stem cells that restore lesioned epithelium as olfactory. Ventral olfactory epithelium is at particular risk for @entity2 after lesion and patches of it are rendered acellular by @entity3 exposure. In contrast, @entity4 ( @entity4 , marked by staining with GBC-2) are preserved in surrounding ventral areas and uniformly throughout dorsal epithelium, which consistently and completely recovers as olfactory after lesion. Over the next few days, neurons reappear, but only in those areas in which @entity4 are preserved and multiply. In contrast, parts of the epithelium in which @entity4 are destroyed are repopulated in part by Bowman's gland cells, which pile up above the basal lamina. Electron microscopy confirms the reciprocity between gland cells and @entity4 . By 14 days after lesion, the areas that are undergoing @entity2 are repopulated by typical respiratory epithelial cells. As horizontal basal cells are eliminated from all parts of the ventral epithelium, the data suggest that GBC-2(+) cells are ultimately responsible for regenerating olfactory neuroepithelium. In contrast, GLA-13(+) cells may give rise to respiratory metaplastic epithelium where @entity4 are eliminated. Thus, we support the idea that a subpopulation of @entity4 is the neural stem cell of the olfactory epithelium.

title: Globose basal cells are required for reconstitution of olfactory epithelium after XXXX lesion.

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study deals with the changes in temporary hearing threshold ( @entity2 ), upright body posture sway amplitudes in the X and Y direction, heart rate (HR), R-wave amplitude (RWA), systolic ( @entity3 ) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, pulse pressure (PP) and the index characterizing haemodynamic activity (HDI), when the subjects were exposed to noise alone, to vibrations alone or to simultaneous noise and vibrations. The experiments were carried out in an exposure chamber and the number of exposure combinations was 12. Seven healthy, male students volunteered as subjects, making a total number of 84 experiments. For each @entity0 the experiment consisted of a 30-min control period, five consecutive 16-min exposures, between which there was a 4-min measuring interval, and a 15-min recovery period. The noise was broadband (bandwidth 0.2-16.0 kHz) A-weighted (white) noise. The noise categories were: (1) no noise and (2) noise with an intensity of 90 dBA. The categories of low-frequency whole body vibration in the direction of the Z-axis were: (1) vibration within the range 4.4-5.6 Hz, (2) vibration within the range 2.8-5.6 Hz, (3) @entity1 with a frequency of 5 Hz. The (rms) acceleration in all the vibration models was 2.12 m/s2. The results showed that the @entity2 values at 4 and 6 kHz increased as a result of simultaneous exposure to noise and vibration significantly more than as a result of exposure to noise alone. The @entity2 values increased more intensely during the first 16-min exposure. The means of the variances in the amplitudes of body upright posture sway changed not only after exposures to vibration alone, but also after exposure to noise alone. The means of the sway variances in the X and Y directions at 0.1 Hz and within the range 0.06 to 2.00 Hz increased only when the vibration in the noise-vibration combination was sinusoidal. The changes in the heart rate, R-wave amplitude and blood pressure values also depended on the bandwidth of the vibration, the number of consecutive exposures and on whether the subjects were simultaneously exposed to noise in addition to vibration. As a rule, the effects of sinusoidal vibration differed from those due to stochastic vibrations.

title: Bioresponses in XXXX after repeated exposures to single and simultaneous sinusoidal or stochastic whole body vibrations of varying bandwidths and noise.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Incisional @entity1 and @entity2 dehiscence are associated with significant postoperative morbidity. Electrosurgical devices using pulsed radiofrequency energy and a novel electrode design markedly reduce thermal injury during cutting and coagulation while maintaining equal surgical performance. In this study, we examine @entity2 healing dynamics in a @entity0 model following incision with a pulsed radiofrequency energy device (PRE), a conventional electrosurgical device, and a standard "cold" scalpel. We hypothesize that incisions made with the pulsed radiofrequency energy device will result in a superior @entity2 healing profile compared with conventional electrosurgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Full thickness surgical incisions were created in @entity0 fascia using a commercially available PRE device, conventional electrosurgery, and a scalpel. Harvested @entity2 specimens were analyzed for burst strength testing and healing-associated histologic characteristics at d 7, 14, 21, and 42. RESULTS: PRE incisions were fully healed by 6 wk with normal tissue architecture. By all measures, wounds created by the PRE device were comparable to those made with the standard scalpel. Compared with PRE, conventional electrosurgery incisions exhibited a larger zone of tissue injury (68% greater in Coag mode, P < 0.0001; 46% greater in Cut mode, P < 0.001), an increased inflammatory response and a less favorable wound architecture. In the immediate postoperative period (1 wk), burst strength testing demonstrated that @entity2 were significantly stronger than those made by electrosurgery in Coag mode (318%, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The favorable @entity2 healing profile of the PRE device suggests that it is a promising new surgical technology. The early improved strength of wounds made with this device is of particular interest, as wound dehiscence is of greatest concern early in the healing process.

title: Comparative healing of XXXX fascia following incision with three surgical instruments.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the effectiveness of peripheral corneal relaxing incisions (PCRIs) in correcting corneal @entity2 during @entity1 surgery. SETTING: Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. METHODS: In 115 eyes of 94 @entity0 (mean age 69 years +/- 12 [SD]), @entity1 surgery was combined with PCRIs. The PCRIs were created according to a nomogram based on age and preoperative keratometric @entity2 . Postoperative keratometric @entity2 was measured at 1 day and 1 and 4 months. Vector analyses using the Holladay-Cravy-Koch formula and Alpins method were performed. RESULTS: The PCRIs significantly decreased keratometric @entity2 in @entity0 with preexisting with-the rule (WTR) or against-the-rule (ATR) @entity2 and increased the percentage of the eyes with lower keratometric @entity2 in each group. Four months postoperatively in @entity0 with WTR @entity2 , single and paired 6.0 mm PCRIs induced mean with-the-wound minus against-the-wound changes (WTW-ATW) of -0.55 diopter (D) and -1.18 D, respectively. In eyes with ATR @entity2 , the mean WTW-ATW changes induced by single 4.5 mm, single 6.0 mm, and paired 6.0 mm PCRIs were -2.18 D, -2.02 D, and -2.72 D, respectively. These mean WTW-ATW changes did not significantly regress from 1 day to 4 months postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral corneal relaxing incisions were effective in reducing preexisting @entity2 during @entity1 surgery. A modified nomogram is proposed. The long-term effect of PCRIs should be evaluated.

title: Peripheral corneal relaxing incisions combined with XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: There is little information in the literature on outcomes using @entity2 -based chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy for early-stage @entity5 . The purpose of this study was to analyze The University of Texas M.D. Anderson @entity1 Center results in such @entity0 . From 1985 to 1998, 39 @entity0 with Stage I or II World Health Organization classification @entity4 ( @entity4 ; n = 20), @entity5 , unspecified (PTCLu; n = 11), or nasal-type NK/ @entity3 (NKTCL; n = 8) were treated using @entity2 -based chemotherapy (median, 6 cycles) with (n = 24) or without (n = 15) radiotherapy (median dose, 40 Gy). Median age was 41 years. Median follow-up of surviving @entity0 was 85 months. Even though @entity0 who presented with bulky disease or who achieved less than a complete response to chemotherapy were the ones typically treated with combined modality therapy rather than chemotherapy alone, there was no significant difference in local control (5-year rates: 60 vs. 70%, p = 0.49), progression-free survival (5-year rates: 65 vs. 60%, p = 0.62), or overall survival (5-year rates: 74 vs. 67%, p = 0.47) between the groups treated with combined modality therapy and chemotherapy alone. Fifteen (38%) @entity0 relapsed. Twelve relapses were limited to the initial site of disease; two involved the initial site and new sites, and one involved only new sites. Based on the significant risk of relapse at the initial site of disease, different approaches, including chemotherapy with concomitant radiotherapy to doses > or = 45 Gy, warrant investigation.

title: Outcomes using @entity2 -based chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy for early-stage XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: There is little information in the literature on outcomes using @entity2 -based chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy for early-stage @entity5 . The purpose of this study was to analyze The University of Texas M.D. Anderson @entity1 Center results in such @entity0 . From 1985 to 1998, 39 @entity0 with Stage I or II World Health Organization classification @entity4 ( @entity4 ; n = 20), @entity5 , unspecified (PTCLu; n = 11), or nasal-type NK/ @entity3 (NKTCL; n = 8) were treated using @entity2 -based chemotherapy (median, 6 cycles) with (n = 24) or without (n = 15) radiotherapy (median dose, 40 Gy). Median age was 41 years. Median follow-up of surviving @entity0 was 85 months. Even though @entity0 who presented with bulky disease or who achieved less than a complete response to chemotherapy were the ones typically treated with combined modality therapy rather than chemotherapy alone, there was no significant difference in local control (5-year rates: 60 vs. 70%, p = 0.49), progression-free survival (5-year rates: 65 vs. 60%, p = 0.62), or overall survival (5-year rates: 74 vs. 67%, p = 0.47) between the groups treated with combined modality therapy and chemotherapy alone. Fifteen (38%) @entity0 relapsed. Twelve relapses were limited to the initial site of disease; two involved the initial site and new sites, and one involved only new sites. Based on the significant risk of relapse at the initial site of disease, different approaches, including chemotherapy with concomitant radiotherapy to doses > or = 45 Gy, warrant investigation.

title: Outcomes using XXXX -based chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy for early-stage @entity5 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 can lead to the formation of a @entity9 that can pose a diagnostic challenge. To better understand the full clinicopathologic spectrum of this @entity9 , 18 cases were studied. Ages at presentation ranged from 14 to 91 years (median, 63 y) with a modest female- @entity0 predominance (13 of 18, 72%). Upper right quadrant @entity5 was the most common clinical presentation (14 of 18, 78%), and all the cases were mass lesions. The majority of cases were subcapsular (15 of 18, 83%) and ranged in size from 1.8 to 10.0 cm. All the cases contained abnormally thick-walled and often thrombosed vessels, with both arteries and veins affected. @entity6 were a common finding (7 of 18, 39%). Examination of the entire series of cases suggested a sequence of changes, with @entity1 (n = 4) composed of collapsed hepatic parenchyma with preservation of portal areas, occasional islands of residual hepatocytes, and brisk bile ductular proliferation. These cases showed very mild @entity8 . Other cases (n = 10) showed little or no ductular proliferation but had increased levels of @entity8 . More advanced lesions (n = 3) were composed almost solely of @entity8 with small scattered islands of unremarkable hepatocytes, whereas an end-stage lesion (n = 1) was a discrete nodule of @entity2 . In conclusion, segmental @entity3 of the liver is typically subcapsular, and is strongly associated with @entity7 . The lesion has multiple stages ranging from parenchymal collapse, to @entity8 , to nodular @entity2 . Recognizing the various morphologies will aid in proper diagnosis.

title: XXXX : a distinctive @entity9 of the liver with variable histologic appearances.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 can lead to the formation of a @entity9 that can pose a diagnostic challenge. To better understand the full clinicopathologic spectrum of this @entity9 , 18 cases were studied. Ages at presentation ranged from 14 to 91 years (median, 63 y) with a modest female- @entity0 predominance (13 of 18, 72%). Upper right quadrant @entity5 was the most common clinical presentation (14 of 18, 78%), and all the cases were mass lesions. The majority of cases were subcapsular (15 of 18, 83%) and ranged in size from 1.8 to 10.0 cm. All the cases contained abnormally thick-walled and often thrombosed vessels, with both arteries and veins affected. @entity6 were a common finding (7 of 18, 39%). Examination of the entire series of cases suggested a sequence of changes, with @entity1 (n = 4) composed of collapsed hepatic parenchyma with preservation of portal areas, occasional islands of residual hepatocytes, and brisk bile ductular proliferation. These cases showed very mild @entity8 . Other cases (n = 10) showed little or no ductular proliferation but had increased levels of @entity8 . More advanced lesions (n = 3) were composed almost solely of @entity8 with small scattered islands of unremarkable hepatocytes, whereas an end-stage lesion (n = 1) was a discrete nodule of @entity2 . In conclusion, segmental @entity3 of the liver is typically subcapsular, and is strongly associated with @entity7 . The lesion has multiple stages ranging from parenchymal collapse, to @entity8 , to nodular @entity2 . Recognizing the various morphologies will aid in proper diagnosis.

title: @entity4 : a distinctive XXXX of the liver with variable histologic appearances.

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity3 is an uncommon entity with ill-defined clinicopathologic characteristics. We describe the clinicopathology of 23 new cases and review 67 previously reported cases. Clinically, @entity0 (mean age, 61.9 y; male: female, 1.0:1.1) presented with a positive fecal occult blood test or visible @entity9 (44%), @entity8 or change in bowel movement pattern (25%), @entity10 (19%), or @entity7 (19%). Endoscopically, the @entity2 presented as a polypoid lesion (57%), a @entity4 (30%), or an ulcerating lesion (9%). @entity2 were located in the right colon (56%), transverse colon (3%), and left colon (41%). Surgical resection was the treatment of choice in 83% of cases. After follow-up for an average of 20 months, the @entity2 -related @entity6 rate was 68%. Histologically, 42% were classified as composite @entity2 and 58% were classified as collision @entity2 . An @entity11 , and then @entity5 to @entity2 progression through the APC/ @entity12 pathway was seen in a majority of cases. Both the glandular and the neuroendocrine components of the @entity2 can show a spectrum of differentiation, and each component can @entity1 separately regardless of its percentage volume. On the basis of the combined analysis of the pathologic spectrum and the clinical behavior of our series and previously reported cases, we propose a new classification system that reflects the differentiation of each component in @entity3 to facilitate uniform reporting and to better predict its clinical behavior.

title: XXXX : pathologic spectrum and clinical implications.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the spectrum of pathological lesions in percutaneous renal biopsies of @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and to compare our findings with reported literature. DESIGN: A single center based retrospective observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The study was conducted in the Department of Histopathology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi over a period of seven years (April 1995 to April 2002). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All the @entity0 with @entity5 who presented to the emergency ward of SIUT between April 1995 and April, 2002 and in whom renal biopsy was performed, were included in this study. @entity0 's demographic and clinical data were collected from a review of @entity0 's original surgical biopsy reports and case files. Pathological diagnosis was retrieved from a review of biopsy reports. Renal biopsies were received in 10% buffered @entity3 and processed for @entity6 embedding and subsequent histopathological examination under the light microscope. RESULTS: A total of 158 @entity0 were studied. Of these 57 were males and 101 females. Mean age of the @entity0 in this series was 30.7 years with a range of 6 to 75 years. Of these 61(38.6%) had @entity10 , 36 (22.7%) acute cortical @entity2 and 49(31%) @entity0 had various types of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Eight @entity0 (5%) had acute @entity7 , 3 (1.8%) acute @entity9 and one @entity0 had @entity8 . CONCLUSION: This study showed that even in the selected population of biopsied @entity5 cases, there was a high prevalence of @entity1 . A substantial number of cases in unexplained @entity5 on renal biopsy were due to various forms of @entity4 .

title: Spectrum of pathological lesions in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The Impella microaxial-flow pump can directly unload left ventricle (LV) in cases of @entity4 . Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used for circulatory support. Although the clinical effectiveness of ECMO has been demonstrated, insufficient @entity6 may not be advantageous for myocardial recovery. The objective was to compare ventricular loading reduction and reversibility of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with either Impella or ECMO. Six @entity2 were used. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was established by the femoral artery and right atrium. The Impella LD was inserted in LV by the ascending aorta. An acute failing heart was created by sequential coronary artery ligations. Pressure-volume (PV) relationships were acquired without a device and with @entity3 . When @entity5 occurred, direct cardioversion was performed while supported by either @entity3 . The PV area, which is a measure of ventricular unloading and is correlated with myocardial @entity1 consumption, decreased more with Impella than with ECMO. Successful defibrillation was achieved more effectively while under Impella support. Superior ventricular unloading with the Impella device may provide higher recovery potential to damaged hearts than ECMO and may have a significant impact not only on intensive care of @entity0 with @entity4 but also on resuscitation.

title: Left ventricular mechanical support with Impella provides more ventricular unloading in XXXX than extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To detail the spectrum of eye manifestations in @entity14 and factors predisposing to its development. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 61 @entity0 with proven @entity14 who were identified during a 16-month period were evaluated for disease- and treatment-related eye manifestations. A fundus @entity7 angiography examination was performed where indicated and with the @entity0 consent. RESULTS: The mean (  standard deviation) duration of illness before ophthalmic evaluation was 55    69 months. @entity4 was the most common ocular symptom (30%). Thirty-five @entity0 underwent fundus @entity7 angiography examination. @entity8 was seen in 9 (15%), @entity1 in 4 (7%), and @entity2 retinopathy in 10 (16%) @entity0 . The most common treatment-related ocular complication was @entity3 -induced @entity5 (23%). Other manifestations included @entity9 (n = 3), @entity13 (n = 2), @entity3 -induced @entity6 (n = 1), @entity11 (n = 1), and @entity10 (n = 1). Those manifesting @entity8 and @entity1 had significantly (P < 0.05) lower blood pressure in both upper limbs compared with @entity0 not manifesting @entity1 . A significant (P < 0.03) proportion of @entity0 with @entity8 and @entity1 had a nonrecordable right upper limb blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Disease- and treatment-related ocular complications are not infrequent in @entity14 . @entity12 involving the aortic arch and its branches favors the development of @entity1 .

title: Ocular manifestations of XXXX : a cross-sectional study.

answer: @entity14