abstract: Despite the role of @entity1 in maintaining health, much of the U.S. population has historically not consumed adequate amounts of @entity1 . Furthermore, significant racial or ethnic disparities in @entity1 intake exist. Our objective was to provide more recent data about @entity1 intake in the U.S. population. We analyzed the 24-h dietary recall data from 4257 @entity0 aged >or=20 y from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. The median intake of @entity1 was 326 mg/d (mean 352 mg/d) among Caucasian @entity0 , 237 mg/d (mean 278 mg/d) among African American @entity0 , 297 mg/d (330 mg/d) among Mexican American @entity0 , 237 mg/d (mean 256 mg/d) among Caucasian @entity0 , 177 mg/d (mean 202 mg/d) among African American @entity0 , and 221 mg/d (mean 242 mg/d) among Mexican American @entity0 . Among @entity0 and @entity0 , Caucasians had significantly higher mean intakes of dietary @entity1 than African Americans but not Mexican Americans. @entity1 intake decreased with increasing age (P for linear trend = 0.035 for Caucasians; P for linear trend <0.001 for African Americans and Mexican Americans). @entity0 had higher intakes of @entity1 than @entity0 for each of the three race or ethnic groups (P < 0.001 in each group). Caucasian @entity0 , African American @entity0 and Caucasian @entity0 who used vitamin, mineral or dietary supplements consumed significantly more @entity1 in their diets than did those who did not. Substantial numbers of U.S. adults fail to consume adequate @entity1 in their diets. Furthermore, racial or ethnic differences in @entity1 persist and may contribute to some health disparities.

title: Dietary XXXX intake in a national sample of US adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Nicotinic @entity1 receptors containing the alpha7 gene product are widely expressed in the nervous system and have high @entity0 permeabilities that allow them to influence numerous @entity0 -dependent processes. Though often found at presynaptic locations, where they enhance transmitter release, the receptors can also occupy postsynaptic sites. Highest levels have been reported for @entity2 ciliary ganglion neurons, where the postsynaptic receptors are concentrated on somatic spines arranged in clumps and appear as large receptor clusters. We show here that subpopulations of @entity2 spinal cord neurons also express high levels of alpha7-containing receptors and arrange them in large clusters. The populations include peripheral motoneurons, presumptive preganglionic neurons, neurons adjacent to the lateral motor column, and possible interneurons in the ventral horn. In many cases, the receptor clusters codistribute with filamentous actin, as do clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, where the actin represents a somatic spine constituent. In other respects, the spinal cord clusters differ. Those on motoneurons codistribute with the actin-associated component drebrin, as do the clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, but the clusters on preganglionic neurons do not. Preganglionic neurons do, however, stain for lipid raft components as found for ciliary ganglion neurons, where the rafts embed the receptor-enriched spines. The results demonstrate that CNS neurons can configure alpha7-containing nicotinic receptors into large clusters but also suggest that the clusters are not likely to reflect a common molecular substructure on all neurons.

title: Large clusters of alpha7-containing nicotinic XXXX receptors on @entity2 spinal cord neurons.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Nicotinic @entity1 receptors containing the alpha7 gene product are widely expressed in the nervous system and have high @entity0 permeabilities that allow them to influence numerous @entity0 -dependent processes. Though often found at presynaptic locations, where they enhance transmitter release, the receptors can also occupy postsynaptic sites. Highest levels have been reported for @entity2 ciliary ganglion neurons, where the postsynaptic receptors are concentrated on somatic spines arranged in clumps and appear as large receptor clusters. We show here that subpopulations of @entity2 spinal cord neurons also express high levels of alpha7-containing receptors and arrange them in large clusters. The populations include peripheral motoneurons, presumptive preganglionic neurons, neurons adjacent to the lateral motor column, and possible interneurons in the ventral horn. In many cases, the receptor clusters codistribute with filamentous actin, as do clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, where the actin represents a somatic spine constituent. In other respects, the spinal cord clusters differ. Those on motoneurons codistribute with the actin-associated component drebrin, as do the clusters on ciliary ganglion neurons, but the clusters on preganglionic neurons do not. Preganglionic neurons do, however, stain for lipid raft components as found for ciliary ganglion neurons, where the rafts embed the receptor-enriched spines. The results demonstrate that CNS neurons can configure alpha7-containing nicotinic receptors into large clusters but also suggest that the clusters are not likely to reflect a common molecular substructure on all neurons.

title: Large clusters of alpha7-containing nicotinic @entity1 receptors on XXXX spinal cord neurons.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the present study, the influence on healing of @entity2 of reduction of the @entity1 and the age of the @entity0 were investigated in 446 consecutive cases treated by internal fixation. If the @entity1 was reduced in valgus position anteroposteriorly, 90% of the cases healed, and if anatomical reduction was achieved the figure was 77%. However, if the @entity1 remained in varus position bone union was obtained in only 63%. After a good lateral reduction internal fixation resulted in failures in 22% of cases, if a satisfactory in 26%, but poor lateral reduction was followed by failure in 49% of cases. There was correlation to reduction position in all Garden's Stages. With regard to the healing of the @entity1 , reduction in lateral as well as anteroposterior views were of equal importance. The @entity0 's age did not influence the failure rate in 22% of cases. With increasing age progressive decrease of healing was encountered. The number of @entity0 attending for follow-up until bony union decreased also due to a high mortality rate in these @entity0 . Internal fixation was found to be the treatment of @entity2 , provided that a satisfactory reduction could be obtained.

title: Healing of XXXX ; influence of @entity1 reduction and age.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the present study, the influence on healing of @entity2 of reduction of the @entity1 and the age of the @entity0 were investigated in 446 consecutive cases treated by internal fixation. If the @entity1 was reduced in valgus position anteroposteriorly, 90% of the cases healed, and if anatomical reduction was achieved the figure was 77%. However, if the @entity1 remained in varus position bone union was obtained in only 63%. After a good lateral reduction internal fixation resulted in failures in 22% of cases, if a satisfactory in 26%, but poor lateral reduction was followed by failure in 49% of cases. There was correlation to reduction position in all Garden's Stages. With regard to the healing of the @entity1 , reduction in lateral as well as anteroposterior views were of equal importance. The @entity0 's age did not influence the failure rate in 22% of cases. With increasing age progressive decrease of healing was encountered. The number of @entity0 attending for follow-up until bony union decreased also due to a high mortality rate in these @entity0 . Internal fixation was found to be the treatment of @entity2 , provided that a satisfactory reduction could be obtained.

title: Healing of @entity2 ; influence of XXXX reduction and age.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We report on an otherwise healthy @entity0 who presented with clusters of alternating central facial nerve paresis. At 11 months of age, the @entity0 showed intermittent facial asymmetry compatible with right-sided @entity6 facial paresis and accompanying incomplete @entity6 hypoglossal paresis. Laboratory work-up and imaging studies did not reveal signs of @entity2 , @entity7 , and after one week, symptoms spontaneously resolved. Similar episodes affecting alternate sides were noted at ages of 17, 27 and 49 months lasting for 4-14 days. At 49 months, EEG showed right temporo-occipital benign sharp waves with activation during @entity1 . A diagnosis of @entity4 with negative motor phenomena was made. She is now 60 months old and no further episodes have occurred without antiepileptic treatment. Ictal orofacial phenomena are the clinical hallmark of @entity4 with centro-temporal sharp waves (BECTS). As in our @entity0 , negative @entity3 motor phenomena frequently lead to a broad diagnostic work-up. In @entity0 presenting with @entity5 , the possibility of negative @entity3 motor phenomena should be considered.

title: Recurrent @entity6 facial weakness of possible XXXX etiology: a case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We report on an otherwise healthy @entity0 who presented with clusters of alternating central facial nerve paresis. At 11 months of age, the @entity0 showed intermittent facial asymmetry compatible with right-sided @entity6 facial paresis and accompanying incomplete @entity6 hypoglossal paresis. Laboratory work-up and imaging studies did not reveal signs of @entity2 , @entity7 , and after one week, symptoms spontaneously resolved. Similar episodes affecting alternate sides were noted at ages of 17, 27 and 49 months lasting for 4-14 days. At 49 months, EEG showed right temporo-occipital benign sharp waves with activation during @entity1 . A diagnosis of @entity4 with negative motor phenomena was made. She is now 60 months old and no further episodes have occurred without antiepileptic treatment. Ictal orofacial phenomena are the clinical hallmark of @entity4 with centro-temporal sharp waves (BECTS). As in our @entity0 , negative @entity3 motor phenomena frequently lead to a broad diagnostic work-up. In @entity0 presenting with @entity5 , the possibility of negative @entity3 motor phenomena should be considered.

title: Recurrent XXXX facial weakness of possible @entity3 etiology: a case report.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current recommendations prescribe that every adult should accumulate 30   minutes or more of moderate physical activity in leisure time, preferably every day of the week. The optimal intensity, duration, and frequency still have to be established. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of intensity versus duration of cycling on all-cause and @entity1 mortality. DESIGN: Relative intensity and duration of cycling were recorded in 5106 apparently healthy @entity0 and @entity0 aged 21-90 years drawn from the general population of Copenhagen, and followed for an average of 18 years. Total number of deaths during follow-up was 1172, of these 146 were @entity1 deaths. For both sexes we found a significant inverse association between cycling intensity and risk of all-cause and @entity1 death, but only a weak association with cycling duration. The difference in expected lifetime in relation to intensity of cycling was calculated. @entity0 with fast intensity cycling survived 5.3 years longer, and @entity0 with average intensity 2.9 years longer than @entity0 with slow cycling intensity. For @entity0 the figures were 3.9 and 2.2 years longer, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the relative intensity, and not the duration of cycling, is of more importance in relation to all-cause and @entity1 mortality. Thus our general recommendations to all adults would be that brisk cycling is preferable to slow.

title: Intensity versus duration of cycling, impact on all-cause and XXXX mortality: the Copenhagen City Heart Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. @entity1 concentrations of @entity3 and @entity4 have been implicated in the control of food intake. During pregnancy and lactation a @entity0 dam's food consumption is increased and so a study was performed to ascertain whether this was associated with changes in the @entity5 content of @entity3 and @entity4 . 2. In the first experiment, forty-eight @entity0 dams were given a diet containing 250 g casein/kg adlib. After 2 weeks, eight were killed and their hypothalmic analysed for the previously-mentioned neurotransmitters. The rest were mated and continued on the diet. On each of days 7, 14 and 20 of gestation, day 14 of lactation and 2 weeks after weaning of their pups a further eight dams were killed and their hypothalami assayed as described previously. Food intake was monitored throughout the experimental period. 3. The increase food intake of the dams during gestation and lactation increased to the same extent as elevation in @entity5 @entity4 content and @entity2 in @entity3 content. After lactation food intake returned to pre-pregnancy levels as did the @entity5 levels of @entity4 and @entity3 . 4. By using the same experimental design but limiting the increase in food intake in pregnancy and lactation to half the expected amount the same changes were found in @entity5 @entity4 and @entity3 contents. 5. The possibility of @entity5 neurotransmitter contents controlling food intake is discussed.

title: A possible control of food intake during pregnancy in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary surveys indicate that New Zealanders have a low intake of @entity8 ( @entity7 ) with little derived from industrial sources. This observational cross-sectional study in New Zealand @entity0 with surgical @entity2 assesses the plasma levels of @entity7 and the association of @entity7 levels with clinical markers of @entity3 . METHODS: 390 @entity0 with severe coronary artery had fasting blood tests taken. Plasma levels of four @entity7 derived from hydrogenated vegetable oils and ruminant animal products were measured by gas chromatography. Relations between plasma @entity7 levels and the recent occurrence of @entity4 , the presence of @entity1 , and serum levels of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were assessed. RESULTS: The median @entity7 level was 0.85% by weight of total @entity5 (IQR 0.59-1.79%), with skewed distribution to the right. For the lowest (<0.74%), middle (0.74-1.07%), and highest (>1.07%) thirds of total @entity7 , respectively, the proportion of @entity0 with @entity1 was 10%, 16%, and 27% (p   =   0.0004). Plasma @entity6 also increased by tertile of @entity7 (median 2.0, 2.9, 3.2   mg/l, p   =   0.007). The association with @entity1 and @entity6 remained significant after adjustment for risk factors. Significant associations were present between plasma @entity7 from both ruminant and hydrogenated vegetable oil sources and these markers of cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between relatively low plasma levels of total @entity7 , mostly derived from ruminant sources, and an increased risk of @entity1 and increased @entity6 in @entity0 with severe @entity2 . These high-risk @entity0 may benefit from a targeted approach to minimize all sources of @entity7 in the diet.

title: @entity8 in New Zealand @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary surveys indicate that New Zealanders have a low intake of @entity8 ( @entity7 ) with little derived from industrial sources. This observational cross-sectional study in New Zealand @entity0 with surgical @entity2 assesses the plasma levels of @entity7 and the association of @entity7 levels with clinical markers of @entity3 . METHODS: 390 @entity0 with severe coronary artery had fasting blood tests taken. Plasma levels of four @entity7 derived from hydrogenated vegetable oils and ruminant animal products were measured by gas chromatography. Relations between plasma @entity7 levels and the recent occurrence of @entity4 , the presence of @entity1 , and serum levels of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were assessed. RESULTS: The median @entity7 level was 0.85% by weight of total @entity5 (IQR 0.59-1.79%), with skewed distribution to the right. For the lowest (<0.74%), middle (0.74-1.07%), and highest (>1.07%) thirds of total @entity7 , respectively, the proportion of @entity0 with @entity1 was 10%, 16%, and 27% (p   =   0.0004). Plasma @entity6 also increased by tertile of @entity7 (median 2.0, 2.9, 3.2   mg/l, p   =   0.007). The association with @entity1 and @entity6 remained significant after adjustment for risk factors. Significant associations were present between plasma @entity7 from both ruminant and hydrogenated vegetable oil sources and these markers of cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between relatively low plasma levels of total @entity7 , mostly derived from ruminant sources, and an increased risk of @entity1 and increased @entity6 in @entity0 with severe @entity2 . These high-risk @entity0 may benefit from a targeted approach to minimize all sources of @entity7 in the diet.

title: XXXX in New Zealand @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dietary surveys indicate that New Zealanders have a low intake of @entity8 ( @entity7 ) with little derived from industrial sources. This observational cross-sectional study in New Zealand @entity0 with surgical @entity2 assesses the plasma levels of @entity7 and the association of @entity7 levels with clinical markers of @entity3 . METHODS: 390 @entity0 with severe coronary artery had fasting blood tests taken. Plasma levels of four @entity7 derived from hydrogenated vegetable oils and ruminant animal products were measured by gas chromatography. Relations between plasma @entity7 levels and the recent occurrence of @entity4 , the presence of @entity1 , and serum levels of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were assessed. RESULTS: The median @entity7 level was 0.85% by weight of total @entity5 (IQR 0.59-1.79%), with skewed distribution to the right. For the lowest (<0.74%), middle (0.74-1.07%), and highest (>1.07%) thirds of total @entity7 , respectively, the proportion of @entity0 with @entity1 was 10%, 16%, and 27% (p   =   0.0004). Plasma @entity6 also increased by tertile of @entity7 (median 2.0, 2.9, 3.2   mg/l, p   =   0.007). The association with @entity1 and @entity6 remained significant after adjustment for risk factors. Significant associations were present between plasma @entity7 from both ruminant and hydrogenated vegetable oil sources and these markers of cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between relatively low plasma levels of total @entity7 , mostly derived from ruminant sources, and an increased risk of @entity1 and increased @entity6 in @entity0 with severe @entity2 . These high-risk @entity0 may benefit from a targeted approach to minimize all sources of @entity7 in the diet.

title: @entity8 in New Zealand XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The Lown grading system for @entity4 has been used in observational and experimental studies of @entity2 . This grading system uses three levels of @entity6 frequency and four complex features to assign @entity0 to one of seven grades. We tested several of the major assumptions of the Lown grading system in a group of 400 @entity0 who had recently experienced acute @entity3 . The Lown grading system assumes that the frequency of @entity6 exerts a negligible risk force in @entity0 who have complex @entity6 . We found, however, that the frequency of @entity6 contributed significant additional risk for @entity1 even in the three highest Lown grades, 4A, 4B, and 5. The Lown grading system assumes that, of the four complex features used, R on T @entity6 have the greatest risk for subsequent @entity1 . We found that paired @entity6 and @entity5 had more prognostic significance than R on T @entity6 . It is important for prognostic stratification that subgroups which are merged into a given Lown grade should be relatively homogeneous with respect to outcome. We found a lack of homogeneity in the three highest Lown grades. Grade 5 contained 16 subgroups with a mortality risk which ranged from 0 to 75 per cent; statistically significant differences in subsequent mortality were found among these subgroups. Most of the shortcomings of the Lown grading system in our acute @entity3 population resulted from failure to give sufficient weight to @entity6 and to repetitive @entity6 .

title: Analysis of prognostic significance of XXXX after @entity3 . Shortcomings of Lown grading system.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The Lown grading system for @entity4 has been used in observational and experimental studies of @entity2 . This grading system uses three levels of @entity6 frequency and four complex features to assign @entity0 to one of seven grades. We tested several of the major assumptions of the Lown grading system in a group of 400 @entity0 who had recently experienced acute @entity3 . The Lown grading system assumes that the frequency of @entity6 exerts a negligible risk force in @entity0 who have complex @entity6 . We found, however, that the frequency of @entity6 contributed significant additional risk for @entity1 even in the three highest Lown grades, 4A, 4B, and 5. The Lown grading system assumes that, of the four complex features used, R on T @entity6 have the greatest risk for subsequent @entity1 . We found that paired @entity6 and @entity5 had more prognostic significance than R on T @entity6 . It is important for prognostic stratification that subgroups which are merged into a given Lown grade should be relatively homogeneous with respect to outcome. We found a lack of homogeneity in the three highest Lown grades. Grade 5 contained 16 subgroups with a mortality risk which ranged from 0 to 75 per cent; statistically significant differences in subsequent mortality were found among these subgroups. Most of the shortcomings of the Lown grading system in our acute @entity3 population resulted from failure to give sufficient weight to @entity6 and to repetitive @entity6 .

title: Analysis of prognostic significance of @entity4 after XXXX . Shortcomings of Lown grading system.

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: Therapeutic proteins/peptides can produce immunogenic responses that may increase the risk of adverse events or reduce efficacy. OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to measure and characterize antibody formation to liraglutide, a @entity4 agonist, to investigate the impact on glycemic control and safety, and to compare it with exenatide, an agent in the same class. DESIGN: Antibody data were collected during six Liraglutide Effect and Action in @entity1 (LEAD) trials (26-104 wk duration). SETTING: Samples for determination of antibody formation were collected at LEAD trial sites and analyzed at central laboratories. PARTICIPANTS: Antibodies were measured in LEAD trial @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Interventions included once-daily liraglutide (1.2 or 1.8 mg) or twice-daily exenatide (10  g). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures included the proportion of @entity0 positive for anti-liraglutide or anti-exenatide antibodies, a @entity3 cross-reacting effect, and an in vitro liraglutide- or exenatide-neutralizing effect. Change in glycosylated hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) by antibody status and magnitude [negative, positive (high or low level)]. RESULTS: After 26 wk, 32 of 369 (8.7%) and 49 of 587 (8.3%) @entity0 had low-level antibodies to liraglutide 1.2 and 1.8 mg, respectively [mean 3.3% antibody-bound radioactivity out of total radioactivity (%B/T), range 1.6-10.7%B/T], which did not attenuate glycemic efficacy (HbA(1c) reductions 1.1-1.3% in antibody-positive vs. 1.2% in antibody-negative @entity0 ). In LEAD-6, 113 of 185 extension @entity0 (61%) had anti-exenatide antibodies at wk 26 (range 2.4-60.2%B/T). High levels of anti-exenatide antibodies were correlated with significantly smaller HbA(1c) reductions (P = 0.0022). After switching from exenatide to liraglutide, anti-exenatide antibodies did not compromise a further glycemic response to liraglutide (additional 0.4% HbA(1c) reduction). CONCLUSIONS: Liraglutide was less immunogenic than exenatide; the frequency and levels of anti-liraglutide antibodies were low and did not impact glycemic efficacy or safety.

title: Liraglutide treatment is associated with a low frequency and magnitude of antibody formation with no apparent impact on glycemic response or increased frequency of adverse events: results from the Liraglutide Effect and Action in XXXX (LEAD) trials.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 and their treatment may help or hurt creativity in ways that shape quality of life. Increased creative drive is associated with @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity13 , @entity15 , @entity4 treatments, and @entity14 . Creativity depends on goal-driven approach motivation from midbrain dopaminergic systems. Fear-driven avoidance motivation is of less aid to creativity. When @entity7 and @entity10 lower motivation and flexible behaviour, they can inhibit creativity. Hemispheric lateralization and frontotemporal connections must interact to create new ideas and conceptual schemes. The right brain and temporal lobe contribute skill in novelty detection, while the left @entity1 and more easily generate new patterns of action from the novel perceptions. Genes and phenotypes that increase plasticity and creativity in tolerant environments with relaxed selection pressure may confer risk in rigorous environments. Few papers substantively address this important but fraught topic. Antidepressants (ADs) that inhibit fear-driven motivation, such as selective @entity7 reuptake inhibitors, sometimes inhibit goal-oriented motivation as well. ADs that boost goal-directed motivation, such as @entity8 , may remediate this effect. @entity12 and @entity3 may be counterproductive. Although dopaminergic agonists sometimes stimulate creativity, their doing so may inappropriately disinhibit behaviour. @entity9 antagonists may suppress creative motivation; @entity11 and anticonvulsant mood stabilizers may do so less. Physical exercise and REM sleep may help creativity. Art therapy and psychotherapy are not well studied. Preserving creative motivation can help creativity and other aspects of well-being in all @entity0 , not just artists or researchers.

title: XXXX and creativity: mechanisms and treatment risks.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate whether predilation approach yield intermediate-term results were better than those with stent filter approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 59 BCS @entity0 with old IVC @entity1 were selected for the treatment with a stent filter (n = 33, group A) or predilation (n = 26, group B) before thrombolysis, and subsequently underwent color Doppler ultrasound follow-up at our hospital. Data relating to the technical success, color Doppler ultrasound results, cost, mortality, morbidity, and final clinical results were collected prospectively and follow-ups were performed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedures, and annually thereafter. RESULTS: Sent filter placement, thrombolysis and predilation were technically successful in all @entity0 , with no procedure-related complications. Stent migration upward occurred in two @entity0 , and removal of the stent filter was technically successful in 32 of 33 @entity0 in group A. Inferior vena cavagrams performed before dilation with a 30-mm balloon catheter demonstrated that the IVC @entity1 had completely resolved in all @entity0 without @entity2 . Reobstruction of the IVC without @entity1 was observed in three @entity0 . Short of higher overall complications and costs in group A when compared to group B, there were no other differences in the clinical and color Doppler ultrasound findings, and primary patency rate between the two groups. All @entity0 are alive with no recurrence of @entity1 at the time of this report. CONCLUSIONS: BCS @entity0 with old IVC @entity1 treatment with predilation approach yielded intermediate-term results that were better than those with the stent filter approach.

title: Comparative study of predilation with stent filter for Budd-Chiari syndrome with old IVC XXXX : a nonrandomized prospective trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Continuing advances in breast reconstruction have provided surgeons with a multitude of reconstructive options. Concerns remain, however, about the effects of the various reconstructive methods on ultimate oncologic outcome. This study compares incidence, detection, and management of recurrent @entity0 in a large series of @entity1 treated with mastectomy alone or with mastectomy and various forms of reconstruction. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on all @entity1 who underwent mastectomy and/or immediate reconstruction for @entity0 at our institution between January 1999 and December 2006. The 921 @entity1 were divided into 2 groups: mastectomy and reconstruction (n = 494) and mastectomy alone (n = 427). All modern reconstructive methods were included. @entity1 were followed for a mean of 4.5 years. RESULTS: The total incidence of recurrence-locoregional and/or distant-was 5.9% in @entity1 who had mastectomy with reconstruction and 11.5% in @entity1 who had mastectomy alone (P < 0.0023). The incidence of locoregional recurrence only was 2.2% in @entity1 who had mastectomy with reconstruction and 4.0% in @entity1 who had mastectomy alone (P = 0.1220). Of the 11 reconstructed @entity1 with a locoregional recurrence, all recurrences were detected by self or clinical examination. Median time to detection was the same in both groups: 1.6 years (P = 0.5471). CONCLUSIONS: Reconstruction with a variety of methods does not adversely affect the incidence or time to detection of recurrent @entity0 . Further, our data point to an important role for physical examination in @entity2 surveillance after mastectomy and reconstruction.

title: XXXX recurrence following postmastectomy reconstruction compared to mastectomy with no reconstruction.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Renal vascular resistance [ @entity7 ( @entity7 )] has been associated with @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 2 @entity1 . We studied the correlations between renal artery @entity7 and urinary albumin excretion in adolescents and young adults. METHODS: From May 2006 through September 2008, we established a cohort of adolescents and young adults based on previous history of elevated blood pressure (EBP) or normal blood pressure in childhood. This cohort was selected from the 1992-2000 nationwide mass urine screening of school @entity0 aged 6-18 years in Taiwan. From October through December 2008, we called back these adolescents and young adults living in Taipei to participate in a @entity2 study. Linear mixed regression models were applied to study the correlation between renal artery @entity7 and urinary albumin excretion after controlling for cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. RESULTS: Of the 147 subjects enrolled in this study, 67 had macroalbuminuria, 36 had microalbuminuria and 44 had normoalbuminuria. Except for high-density lipoprotein @entity4 , most CV risk factors did not differ significantly among these three groups. Mean @entity7 were similar for the three groups. Neither log (urinary albumin concentration) nor log (urinary albumin: @entity6 ratio) correlated with @entity7 . Step-wise linear mixed regression models showed that @entity7 was significantly associated only with male gender and diastolic blood pressure, but not with urinary albumin excretion or EBP in childhood. CONCLUSION: Renal artery @entity7 is not associated with urinary albumin excretion in nondiabetic adolescents and young adults.

title: Associations of renal vascular resistance with XXXX in adolescents and young adults.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Protein @entity0 methylation is a common posttranslational modification catalyzed by a family of the protein @entity0 methyltransferases (PRMTs). We have previously reported that @entity6 methylates Forkhead box O transcription factors at two @entity0 residues within an Akt consensus phosphorylation motif (RxRxxS/T), and that this methylation blocks Akt-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription factors. These findings led us to hypothesize that the functional crosstalk between @entity0 methylation and phosphorylation could be extended to other Akt target proteins as well as Forkhead box O proteins. Here we identify @entity3 antagonist of cell death ( @entity4 ) as an additional substrate for @entity6 among several Akt target proteins. We show that @entity6 specifically binds and methylates @entity4 at @entity2 -94 and @entity2 -96, both of which comprise the Akt consensus phosphorylation motif. Consistent with the hypothesis, @entity6 -mediated methylation of these two @entity0 residues inhibits Akt-mediated phosphorylation of @entity4 at Ser-99 in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrate that the complex formation of @entity4 with 14-3-3 proteins, which occurs subsequent to Akt-mediated phosphorylation, is negatively regulated by @entity6 . Furthermore, @entity6 knockdown prevents mitochondrial localization of @entity4 and its binding to the antiapoptotic @entity5 protein. @entity4 overexpression causes an increase in apoptosis with concomitant activation of @entity1 , whereas @entity6 knockdown significantly suppresses these apoptotic processes. Taken together, our results add a new dimension to the complexity of posttranslational @entity4 regulation and provide evidence that @entity0 methylation within an Akt consensus phosphorylation motif functions as an inhibitory modification against Akt-dependent survival signaling.

title: XXXX methylation of @entity3 antagonist of cell death ( @entity4 ) counteracts its phosphorylation and inactivation by Akt.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Protein @entity0 methylation is a common posttranslational modification catalyzed by a family of the protein @entity0 methyltransferases (PRMTs). We have previously reported that @entity6 methylates Forkhead box O transcription factors at two @entity0 residues within an Akt consensus phosphorylation motif (RxRxxS/T), and that this methylation blocks Akt-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription factors. These findings led us to hypothesize that the functional crosstalk between @entity0 methylation and phosphorylation could be extended to other Akt target proteins as well as Forkhead box O proteins. Here we identify @entity3 antagonist of cell death ( @entity4 ) as an additional substrate for @entity6 among several Akt target proteins. We show that @entity6 specifically binds and methylates @entity4 at @entity2 -94 and @entity2 -96, both of which comprise the Akt consensus phosphorylation motif. Consistent with the hypothesis, @entity6 -mediated methylation of these two @entity0 residues inhibits Akt-mediated phosphorylation of @entity4 at Ser-99 in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrate that the complex formation of @entity4 with 14-3-3 proteins, which occurs subsequent to Akt-mediated phosphorylation, is negatively regulated by @entity6 . Furthermore, @entity6 knockdown prevents mitochondrial localization of @entity4 and its binding to the antiapoptotic @entity5 protein. @entity4 overexpression causes an increase in apoptosis with concomitant activation of @entity1 , whereas @entity6 knockdown significantly suppresses these apoptotic processes. Taken together, our results add a new dimension to the complexity of posttranslational @entity4 regulation and provide evidence that @entity0 methylation within an Akt consensus phosphorylation motif functions as an inhibitory modification against Akt-dependent survival signaling.

title: @entity0 methylation of @entity3 antagonist of cell death ( XXXX ) counteracts its phosphorylation and inactivation by Akt.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Protein @entity0 methylation is a common posttranslational modification catalyzed by a family of the protein @entity0 methyltransferases (PRMTs). We have previously reported that @entity6 methylates Forkhead box O transcription factors at two @entity0 residues within an Akt consensus phosphorylation motif (RxRxxS/T), and that this methylation blocks Akt-mediated phosphorylation of the transcription factors. These findings led us to hypothesize that the functional crosstalk between @entity0 methylation and phosphorylation could be extended to other Akt target proteins as well as Forkhead box O proteins. Here we identify @entity3 antagonist of cell death ( @entity4 ) as an additional substrate for @entity6 among several Akt target proteins. We show that @entity6 specifically binds and methylates @entity4 at @entity2 -94 and @entity2 -96, both of which comprise the Akt consensus phosphorylation motif. Consistent with the hypothesis, @entity6 -mediated methylation of these two @entity0 residues inhibits Akt-mediated phosphorylation of @entity4 at Ser-99 in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrate that the complex formation of @entity4 with 14-3-3 proteins, which occurs subsequent to Akt-mediated phosphorylation, is negatively regulated by @entity6 . Furthermore, @entity6 knockdown prevents mitochondrial localization of @entity4 and its binding to the antiapoptotic @entity5 protein. @entity4 overexpression causes an increase in apoptosis with concomitant activation of @entity1 , whereas @entity6 knockdown significantly suppresses these apoptotic processes. Taken together, our results add a new dimension to the complexity of posttranslational @entity4 regulation and provide evidence that @entity0 methylation within an Akt consensus phosphorylation motif functions as an inhibitory modification against Akt-dependent survival signaling.

title: @entity0 methylation of XXXX antagonist of cell death ( @entity4 ) counteracts its phosphorylation and inactivation by Akt.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A case-control study with prospectively collected samples for laboratory analysis in a series of @entity0 with @entity2 and a series of @entity0 without @entity2 who underwent fusion for @entity10 . OBJECTIVE: Was an exploratory data analysis for candidate cytokine biomarkers present in the @entity2 milieu of @entity0 with persistent back @entity1 associated with @entity7 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Lumbar and thoracic compression @entity2 are common. Little is known about the presence of inflammatory mediators within fractured @entity11 in the clinical setting. METHODS: Thirty @entity0 diagnosed with a single thoracic or lumbar compression @entity2 were treated with single level vertebroplasty. At the time of intervention, needle aspiration was carried out at the fractured level. A multiplexed bead assay was used to assess the presence of 27 different cytokines and inflammatory mediators. A control group consisted of needle aspiration samples of 30 lumbar @entity11 from 13 @entity0 with @entity5 but no @entity2 undergoing open instrumented fusion. RESULTS: Thirty @entity0 with 30 @entity2 consisted of 23 female and 7 male with a mean age of 77.5 years (SD 13.6; range 42 to 97) and a mean of 3.9 weeks of @entity1 (SD 3.1; range 1 to 12). The highest levels of inflammatory mediators were (in order): @entity6 , PDGF, @entity9 , @entity3 , @entity4 , and eotaxin. These mediators were present at concentrations>200 pg/mL. Compared with controls with @entity5 , significant differences were present for 4 mediators: TNF, @entity12 , @entity8 , and IL-12. The panel of these 4 markers was 93.3% specific and 66.7% sensitive for @entity2 compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory mediators are present in needle aspirates of symptomatic @entity7 . Some of these mediators show different levels than in @entity0 with @entity5 but no @entity2 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic level of evidence II.

title: Are persistently symptomatic XXXX associated with abnormal inflammatory profiles? A prospective study.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Because @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is associated with @entity0 progression and tissue inhibitor of @entity3 ( @entity4 ) selectively inhibits @entity3 , we investigate the implication of @entity4 in @entity1 of uterine cervix. METHODS: Twenty-six cervical @entity0 tissues and their normal counterparts were collected to evaluate semi-quantitative mRNA expression of @entity4 . Eighty-two cervical @entity0 , 26 high-grade and 26 low-grade @entity2 , and 26 normal tissues were collected to construct tissue microarrays for immunohistochemical study. We evaluated @entity4 immunoreactivity using H scores in cervical @entity1 . Semi-quantitative expression of @entity3 was also detected for comparison. RESULTS: Cervical @entity0 tissues exhibited statistically lower semi-quantitative @entity4 (P   =   0.028) or higher @entity3 (P   =   0.036) mRNA expression than their normal counterparts. None of cervical @entity0 tissues exerted elevated @entity4 and reduced @entity3 mRNA expression simultaneously. @entity0 tissues have significantly lower @entity4 or higher @entity3 H scores than high-grade and low-grade @entity2 or normal tissues of uterine cervix. CONCLUSIONS: Low expression of @entity4 or high expression of @entity3 is semi-quantitatively demonstrated in @entity0 . @entity4 is implicated in cervical @entity1 .

title: Semi-quantitative expression of tissue inhibitor of XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Because @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is associated with @entity0 progression and tissue inhibitor of @entity3 ( @entity4 ) selectively inhibits @entity3 , we investigate the implication of @entity4 in @entity1 of uterine cervix. METHODS: Twenty-six cervical @entity0 tissues and their normal counterparts were collected to evaluate semi-quantitative mRNA expression of @entity4 . Eighty-two cervical @entity0 , 26 high-grade and 26 low-grade @entity2 , and 26 normal tissues were collected to construct tissue microarrays for immunohistochemical study. We evaluated @entity4 immunoreactivity using H scores in cervical @entity1 . Semi-quantitative expression of @entity3 was also detected for comparison. RESULTS: Cervical @entity0 tissues exhibited statistically lower semi-quantitative @entity4 (P   =   0.028) or higher @entity3 (P   =   0.036) mRNA expression than their normal counterparts. None of cervical @entity0 tissues exerted elevated @entity4 and reduced @entity3 mRNA expression simultaneously. @entity0 tissues have significantly lower @entity4 or higher @entity3 H scores than high-grade and low-grade @entity2 or normal tissues of uterine cervix. CONCLUSIONS: Low expression of @entity4 or high expression of @entity3 is semi-quantitatively demonstrated in @entity0 . @entity4 is implicated in cervical @entity1 .

title: Semi-quantitative expression of tissue inhibitor of @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Local anesthetics are commonly used medications and can result in adverse reactions. The diagnostic workup of local anesthetic reactions remains controversial. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of skin testing for local anesthetic @entity1 evaluation. A retrospective chart review was performed on @entity0 undergoing local anesthetic skin testing. @entity0 were included if they underwent prick and intradermal skin testing followed by incremental subcutaneous challenge. Charts were further systematically reviewed to evaluate response to local anesthetics in the clinical setting after open subcutaneous challenge. One hundred seventy-eight @entity0 underwent 227 local anesthetic skin tests. Two hundred twenty (97%) of the skin tests were negative. Of the negative skin tests results, 214 (97%) had negative challenge or probable non-IgE-mediated events during challenge. Three @entity0 with six negative skin tests had a local reaction during the open subcutaneous challenge. Seven skin tests on five @entity0 met the criteria for a positive skin test with local anesthetics. One @entity0 had an equivocal local skin reaction with subcutaneous challenge without systemic effects. Three @entity0 had a negative subcutaneous challenge and one @entity0 did not undergo a challenge. Ninety-eight percent of @entity0 receiving local anesthetics in the clinical setting after open subcutaneous challenge tolerated the medications. The negative predictive value of the local anesthetic skin test was 97% with few positive skin tests. Positive local anesthetic skin tests are uncommon and the local anesthetic skin tests have an excellent negative predictive value. Additional study with skin test-only protocols is warranted.

title: The predictive value of skin testing in the diagnosis of local anesthetic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function of @entity7 , a member of the @entity4 -binding S100 protein family, in oral tumorigenesis. We analyzed its cellular distribution and its serum level in @entity0 with @entity5 and normal controls. STUDY DESIGN: We investigated the histopathologic features by @entity8 ( @entity8 ) including 8 normal, 66 @entity9 and @entity10 and 26 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) tissue cores. The serum level of @entity7 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using 33 healthy volunteers, 20 @entity0 with @entity2 and 23 @entity0 with @entity5 . RESULTS: The TMA analysis resulted in different findings. The strongest expression of @entity7 was found in severe @entity6 and @entity3 in situ. In @entity1 tissue an increased expression occurred only focally. In the normal tissue cores the epithelium showed a moderate reaction, but basal and parabasal cells were completely negative. The serum levels of @entity7 were marginally reduced in @entity1 @entity0 . The expression between healthy controls and @entity0 with @entity2 displayed no difference. CONCLUSION: The expression of @entity7 is helpful only in the transition from severe @entity10 tissue to @entity1 .

title: @entity7 cellular distribution in normal epithelium, hyperplasia, @entity6 and XXXX and its concentration in serum.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function of @entity7 , a member of the @entity4 -binding S100 protein family, in oral tumorigenesis. We analyzed its cellular distribution and its serum level in @entity0 with @entity5 and normal controls. STUDY DESIGN: We investigated the histopathologic features by @entity8 ( @entity8 ) including 8 normal, 66 @entity9 and @entity10 and 26 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) tissue cores. The serum level of @entity7 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using 33 healthy volunteers, 20 @entity0 with @entity2 and 23 @entity0 with @entity5 . RESULTS: The TMA analysis resulted in different findings. The strongest expression of @entity7 was found in severe @entity6 and @entity3 in situ. In @entity1 tissue an increased expression occurred only focally. In the normal tissue cores the epithelium showed a moderate reaction, but basal and parabasal cells were completely negative. The serum levels of @entity7 were marginally reduced in @entity1 @entity0 . The expression between healthy controls and @entity0 with @entity2 displayed no difference. CONCLUSION: The expression of @entity7 is helpful only in the transition from severe @entity10 tissue to @entity1 .

title: XXXX cellular distribution in normal epithelium, hyperplasia, @entity6 and @entity5 and its concentration in serum.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function of @entity7 , a member of the @entity4 -binding S100 protein family, in oral tumorigenesis. We analyzed its cellular distribution and its serum level in @entity0 with @entity5 and normal controls. STUDY DESIGN: We investigated the histopathologic features by @entity8 ( @entity8 ) including 8 normal, 66 @entity9 and @entity10 and 26 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) tissue cores. The serum level of @entity7 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using 33 healthy volunteers, 20 @entity0 with @entity2 and 23 @entity0 with @entity5 . RESULTS: The TMA analysis resulted in different findings. The strongest expression of @entity7 was found in severe @entity6 and @entity3 in situ. In @entity1 tissue an increased expression occurred only focally. In the normal tissue cores the epithelium showed a moderate reaction, but basal and parabasal cells were completely negative. The serum levels of @entity7 were marginally reduced in @entity1 @entity0 . The expression between healthy controls and @entity0 with @entity2 displayed no difference. CONCLUSION: The expression of @entity7 is helpful only in the transition from severe @entity10 tissue to @entity1 .

title: @entity7 cellular distribution in normal epithelium, hyperplasia, XXXX and @entity5 and its concentration in serum.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Primary nonparasitic @entity1 (PNSC) are rare and their management in @entity0 has been controversial. We conducted this study to discuss various treatment modalities. The medical records of @entity0 with PNSC (1991-2008) were evaluated retrospectively, including age, sex, history of @entity2 , presenting symptoms, physical examination and radiological findings, therapeutic approaches, and outcomes. Six @entity0 , between 3 to 12 years of age with a male/female ratio of 2, were included. The presenting symptom was @entity3 in all but one asymptomatic @entity0 . Physical examination findings were unremarkable in all except for palpable spleen in two @entity0 . Cyst sizes ranged from 3 x 4 cm to 10 x 12 cm. The @entity0 were treated with aspiration-sclerotherapy (n=2), total splenectomy (n=2), partial splenectomy (n=1), and cyst excision (n=1). The pathological diagnoses were @entity7 (n=5) and @entity6 (n=1). The postoperative course was uneventful except for postsplenectomy fever (n=1), recurrence (n=1) and residual cyst (n=1). PNSC larger than 5 cm in diameter or those that are symptomatic should be treated surgically. Total splenectomy should not be done in @entity0 to avoid infectious postsplenectomy problems unless there is a mandatory condition like @entity4 . @entity5 is not recommended because of recurrence.

title: The management of primary nonparasitic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mounting evidence implicates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in the @entity4 and remodelling associated with @entity2 . We tested the hypothesis that treatment with @entity11 ( @entity12 ), which interferes with NF-kB-induced MMPs gene transcription, could exert antihypertensive effects, prevent @entity9 and @entity8 up-regulation, and protect against the functional alterations and vascular remodelling of two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) @entity2 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Sham-operated or @entity2 @entity1 were treated with vehicle or @entity12 (100 mg  Kg(-1)   day(-1)) by gavage for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was monitored weekly. Aortic rings were isolated to assess endothelium-dependent relaxations. Quantitative morphometry of structural alterations of the aortic wall was carried out in @entity7 / @entity5 sections. Formation of vascular reactive @entity0 species (ROS), and inducible (i) NOS and phosphorylated- @entity10 NF-kB subunit expression were measured in the aortas. @entity9 and @entity8 aortic levels and gelatinolytic activity were determined by gelatin and in situ zymography and by immunofluorescence. KEY RESULTS: Treatment with @entity12 attenuated the increases in SBP and prevented the @entity3 associated with 2K1C @entity2 . Moreover, @entity12 reversed the vascular aortic remodelling, the increases in aortic ROS levels and in iNOS and phosphorylated- @entity10 NF-kB expression found in 2K1C @entity1 . These effects were associated with attenuation of 2K1C up-regulation of aortic @entity9 and @entity8 levels and gelatinolytic activity. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: These findings suggest that @entity12 down-regulates vascular MMPs and ameliorates @entity4 and remodelling in @entity6 , thus providing evidence supporting the suggestion that @entity12 is probably a good candidate to be used to treat @entity2 .

title: @entity11 down-regulates vascular matrix metalloproteinases and ameliorates XXXX and remodelling in @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mounting evidence implicates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in the @entity4 and remodelling associated with @entity2 . We tested the hypothesis that treatment with @entity11 ( @entity12 ), which interferes with NF-kB-induced MMPs gene transcription, could exert antihypertensive effects, prevent @entity9 and @entity8 up-regulation, and protect against the functional alterations and vascular remodelling of two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) @entity2 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Sham-operated or @entity2 @entity1 were treated with vehicle or @entity12 (100 mg  Kg(-1)   day(-1)) by gavage for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was monitored weekly. Aortic rings were isolated to assess endothelium-dependent relaxations. Quantitative morphometry of structural alterations of the aortic wall was carried out in @entity7 / @entity5 sections. Formation of vascular reactive @entity0 species (ROS), and inducible (i) NOS and phosphorylated- @entity10 NF-kB subunit expression were measured in the aortas. @entity9 and @entity8 aortic levels and gelatinolytic activity were determined by gelatin and in situ zymography and by immunofluorescence. KEY RESULTS: Treatment with @entity12 attenuated the increases in SBP and prevented the @entity3 associated with 2K1C @entity2 . Moreover, @entity12 reversed the vascular aortic remodelling, the increases in aortic ROS levels and in iNOS and phosphorylated- @entity10 NF-kB expression found in 2K1C @entity1 . These effects were associated with attenuation of 2K1C up-regulation of aortic @entity9 and @entity8 levels and gelatinolytic activity. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: These findings suggest that @entity12 down-regulates vascular MMPs and ameliorates @entity4 and remodelling in @entity6 , thus providing evidence supporting the suggestion that @entity12 is probably a good candidate to be used to treat @entity2 .

title: @entity11 down-regulates vascular matrix metalloproteinases and ameliorates @entity4 and remodelling in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mounting evidence implicates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in the @entity4 and remodelling associated with @entity2 . We tested the hypothesis that treatment with @entity11 ( @entity12 ), which interferes with NF-kB-induced MMPs gene transcription, could exert antihypertensive effects, prevent @entity9 and @entity8 up-regulation, and protect against the functional alterations and vascular remodelling of two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) @entity2 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Sham-operated or @entity2 @entity1 were treated with vehicle or @entity12 (100 mg  Kg(-1)   day(-1)) by gavage for 8 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was monitored weekly. Aortic rings were isolated to assess endothelium-dependent relaxations. Quantitative morphometry of structural alterations of the aortic wall was carried out in @entity7 / @entity5 sections. Formation of vascular reactive @entity0 species (ROS), and inducible (i) NOS and phosphorylated- @entity10 NF-kB subunit expression were measured in the aortas. @entity9 and @entity8 aortic levels and gelatinolytic activity were determined by gelatin and in situ zymography and by immunofluorescence. KEY RESULTS: Treatment with @entity12 attenuated the increases in SBP and prevented the @entity3 associated with 2K1C @entity2 . Moreover, @entity12 reversed the vascular aortic remodelling, the increases in aortic ROS levels and in iNOS and phosphorylated- @entity10 NF-kB expression found in 2K1C @entity1 . These effects were associated with attenuation of 2K1C up-regulation of aortic @entity9 and @entity8 levels and gelatinolytic activity. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: These findings suggest that @entity12 down-regulates vascular MMPs and ameliorates @entity4 and remodelling in @entity6 , thus providing evidence supporting the suggestion that @entity12 is probably a good candidate to be used to treat @entity2 .

title: XXXX down-regulates vascular matrix metalloproteinases and ameliorates @entity4 and remodelling in @entity6 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: General practitioners (GPs) are being encouraged to treat more drug users but there are few studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of primary care treatment. AIM: To determine whether @entity0 retained on @entity1 maintenance treatment for one year in a modern British primary care setting, with prescribing protocols based on the new national guidelines, can achieve similar harm reduction outcomes to those demonstrated in other settings, using objective outcome measures where available. DESIGN OF STUDY: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: The Primary Care Clinic for @entity3 , Sheffield. METHOD: The intervention consisted of a @entity1 maintenance treatment provided by GPs with prescribing protocols based on the 1999 national guidelines. The first 96 eligible consenting @entity0 entering treatment were recruited; 65 completed the study. Outcome measures were current drug use, @entity2 risk-taking behaviour, social functioning, criminal activity, and mental and physical health, supplemented by urinalysis and criminal record data. RESULTS: Frequency of @entity4 use was reduced from a mean of 3.02 episodes per day (standard deviation [SD] = 1.73) to a mean of 0.22 episodes per day (SD = 0.54), (chi 2 = 79.48, degrees of freedom [df] = 2, P < 0.001), confirmed by urinalysis. Mean numbers of convictions and cautions were reduced by 62% (z = 3.378, P < 0.001) for all crime. @entity2 risk-taking behaviour, social functioning, and physical and psychological wellbeing all showed significant improvements. CONCLUSION: @entity0 retained on @entity1 maintenance treatment for one year in a primary care setting can achieve improvements on a range of harm reduction outcomes similar to those shown by studies in other, often more highly structured programmes.

title: Does XXXX maintenance treatment based on the new national guidelines work in a primary care setting?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: As many as 10% of airline passengers travelling without prophylaxis for long distances may develop a @entity1 . There is, however, no evidence that economy class travellers are at increased risk of @entity4 . OBJECTIVES: A suitably powered prospective study, based on the incidence of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) reported in previous studies on long-haul flights, was designed to determine the incidence of positive venous duplex scans and D-dimer elevations in low and intermediate-risk passengers, comparing passengers travelling in business and economy class. @entity0 /METHODS: Eight hundred and ninety-nine passengers were recruited (180 travelling business class and 719 travelling economy). D-dimers were measured before and after the flight. A value greater than 500 ng/ml was accepted as abnormal. A @entity1 screen was conducted which included the @entity6 mutation, the prothombin 20210A mutation, protein C and S levels, @entity7 levels, and anticardiolipin antibodies immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM). On arrival, lower limb compression ultrasonography of the deep veins was performed. Logistical regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors related to abnormally high D-dimer levels. RESULTS: Only 434 subjects had a full venous duplex scan performed. None had ultrasonic evidence of @entity1 . Nine passengers tested at departure had elevated D-dimer levels and these volunteers were excluded from further study. Seventy-four of the 899 passengers had raised D-dimers on arrival. Twenty-two of 180 business class passengers (12%) developed elevated D-dimers compared with 52 of 719 economy class passengers (7%). There was no significant association between elevation of D-dimers and the class flown (odds ratio (OR) 0.61, p = 0.109). The @entity6 mutation, factor VIII levels and the use of @entity2 were, however, associated with raised D-dimers (OR 3.36, p = 0.024; OR 1.01, p = 0.014; and OR 2.04, p = 0.038, respectively). Five hundred and five passengers were contacted within 6 months and none reported any symptoms of a clinical @entity4 or @entity3 . CONCLUSION: The incidence of ultrasonically proven @entity5 is much lower than previously reported. However, more than 10% of all passengers developed raised D-dimers, which were unrelated to the class flown. A rise in D-dimers is associated with an inherent risk of @entity4 and/or @entity1 , demonstrates activation of both the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems during long-haul flights, and may indicate the development of small thrombi.

title: The BEST study--a prospective study to compare business class versus economy class air travel as a cause of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity7 may be caused by an @entity2 response or by the vasomotor reaction to cholinergic @entity6 . The differential diagnosis of these etiologic forms poses a difficult problem for the clinicians. The pathophysiology of @entity5 is characterized by @entity3 and mucous @entity1 , @entity9 which may result from such diverse etiologic factors as cholinergic @entity6 and @entity4 . In our study, we will evaluate total IgE levels in nasal secretions, irrespective of serum of local origin. Fifty-four @entity0 suffering from @entity7 , aged between 7 and 63 years, were studied. Fourteen presented @entity8 , while the remaining 40 were affected with the IgE-dependent form. The following tests were done: blood eosinophil count, mucous eosinophyl count, serum IgE (PRIST), cutaneous tests with house dust, acarus and fungal antigens and nasal provocation tests. IgE levels in mucous were also evaluated. The following results were obtained: 1. No significant differences were found in blood eosinophil counts between the groups studied. 2. No significant differences were found in serum IgE levels between the groups studied. 3. Significant differences were found (P less than 0.001) in the levels of eosinophils in mucous among the groups studied. 4. Mucous IgE levels are significantly greater in the @entity2 form than in the vasomotor form of @entity5 . The level of IgE in mucous serves as a useful but not pathognomic parameters in the differential diagnosis of the different etiologic forms of @entity5 . As such it should be considered within the context of all clinical and analytic data before a conclusive diagnosis is made.

title: [IgE values in nasal mucus in the diagnosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is a rare cause of @entity1 . Recently, aberrant expression of adrenal receptors for various hormones and/or cytokines has been identified in several cases with @entity9 , which may act as a pathogenetic factor for the disorder. We report here an @entity9 @entity0 with a Rathke's @entity5 . Endocrinological examinations revealed that the pituitary cyst had no hormonal secretion. Administrations of either AVP or @entity7 provoked @entity2 production in the @entity0 , whereas DDAVP, @entity8 or endogenous LH induced by @entity3 did not. Reverse transcriptional-PCR analysis of total RNA obtained from the @entity0 's adrenal tissue revealed the expression of mRNA of receptors for V1a, V1b, V2, and LH/hCG. Three of these receptors except for V1a receptor were not expressed in normal adrenal tissue. Hyperosmolar saline infusion promoted the @entity0 's @entity2 secretion through the increase in endogenous AVP (peak plasma @entity4 level reached 90.4 pg/ml during the test). These results suggest that endogenous AVP and @entity6 are involved in the pathophysiology of the @entity0 . Further study will be necessary to clarify the molecular mechanisms that regulate tissue-specific expression of these receptors and their role in the overgrowth of adrenal in @entity9 .

title: A case of XXXX : simultaneous expression of several aberrant hormone receptors in the adrenal gland.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Tolerance of mature @entity0 brain to photon irradiation is described. Isoeffect curves have been derived for tolerance of large and small volumes of brain, by examination of doses determined empirically and in clinical use. These have been compared with isoeffect curves of @entity3 , @entity4 , and brain @entity2 . The results show that the best-fitting Ellis-type equations, when five fractions per week are used, have low exponents for overall treatment time and high exponents for the number of increments (N), and are similar to published data on @entity1 @entity5 . Of the equations used to test the relationship between total dose and number of increments, the power curve was the best fit. Mean values of exponents for N derived for brain and spinal cord tolerance were 0.4 or more. These were similar to values obtained for @entity4 , though the data are more limited for this complication. Brain @entity2 is observed at slightly higher doses probably because of a difference in the end-point observed rather than because of any fundamental difference in tissue response. Evidence is presented to suggest that some repopulation may occur in widely spaced schedules. The use of the Ellis equation derived from connective-tissue data is inappropriate for central nervous system tissue, and its use may lead to a substantial risk of overdosage. A plea is made for adequate documentation of treatment details when @entity0 data are reported. The importance of dose per fraction is emphasized.

title: Tolerance of the mature XXXX central nervous system to photon irradiation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECT: Intraventricular and @entity1 resulting in @entity3 commonly require a CSF diversion procedure. A @entity1 biopsy can often be performed concurrently. Although the tissue samples obtained during endoscopic biopsy procedures are small, a diagnosis can be made in most cases. In the present study the authors analyzed the efficacy of concurrent endoscopic biopsy and CSF diversion procedures using a single bur hole and trajectory. METHODS: Eighty-seven @entity0 with intraventricular and @entity1 were treated with endoscopic biopsy and CSF diversion procedures using a rigid rod-lens endoscope or a rigid fiberscope during a 10-year period. All @entity0 underwent a @entity1 biopsy and an endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), or ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting, depending on the @entity1 location and site of obstruction. A single bur hole for both procedures was used in all @entity0 . RESULTS: Among the 87 @entity0 , the biopsy was diagnostic in 72 (83%) and merely suggestive in 7 (8%); in 8 @entity0 (9%) the sample was nondiagnostic. Among the 22 @entity0 who underwent an initial endoscopic biopsy and subsequent procedures, the specimen obtained at the second surgery was concordant with the initial endoscopic biopsy sample in 13 @entity0 ; it was somewhat similar in 4 @entity0 . In the other 5 @entity0 , either a microsurgical or stereotactic approach was used to correctly diagnose the pathology. Fifty-five @entity0 were considered for endoscopic CSF diversion procedures; an ETV was performed in 52 @entity0 and @entity4 in 2. An ETV could not be performed in 3 @entity0 for technical reasons. A VP shunt was inserted in 32 @entity0 , with 25 undergoing shunt placement at the same time as the ETV and 7 at a later date. Significant @entity2 was encountered in 3 @entity0 during the @entity1 biopsy and in 1 @entity0 during the ETV. The ETV failed in 1 @entity0 during the follow-up, and a repeat ETV was required. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic biopsy sampling and a concurrent CSF diversion procedure through a single bur hole and trajectory can be considered for intraventricular @entity1 . The overall success rates of 83% for the biopsy procedure and 86% for the ETV indicate that the procedures are beneficial in the majority of cases. A concordance rate of 75% was found in @entity0 who underwent an initial biopsy procedure and a subsequent microsurgical approach for @entity1 excision.

title: Efficacy of simultaneous single-trajectory endoscopic @entity1 biopsy and endoscopic cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures in intra- and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECT: Intraventricular and @entity1 resulting in @entity3 commonly require a CSF diversion procedure. A @entity1 biopsy can often be performed concurrently. Although the tissue samples obtained during endoscopic biopsy procedures are small, a diagnosis can be made in most cases. In the present study the authors analyzed the efficacy of concurrent endoscopic biopsy and CSF diversion procedures using a single bur hole and trajectory. METHODS: Eighty-seven @entity0 with intraventricular and @entity1 were treated with endoscopic biopsy and CSF diversion procedures using a rigid rod-lens endoscope or a rigid fiberscope during a 10-year period. All @entity0 underwent a @entity1 biopsy and an endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), or ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting, depending on the @entity1 location and site of obstruction. A single bur hole for both procedures was used in all @entity0 . RESULTS: Among the 87 @entity0 , the biopsy was diagnostic in 72 (83%) and merely suggestive in 7 (8%); in 8 @entity0 (9%) the sample was nondiagnostic. Among the 22 @entity0 who underwent an initial endoscopic biopsy and subsequent procedures, the specimen obtained at the second surgery was concordant with the initial endoscopic biopsy sample in 13 @entity0 ; it was somewhat similar in 4 @entity0 . In the other 5 @entity0 , either a microsurgical or stereotactic approach was used to correctly diagnose the pathology. Fifty-five @entity0 were considered for endoscopic CSF diversion procedures; an ETV was performed in 52 @entity0 and @entity4 in 2. An ETV could not be performed in 3 @entity0 for technical reasons. A VP shunt was inserted in 32 @entity0 , with 25 undergoing shunt placement at the same time as the ETV and 7 at a later date. Significant @entity2 was encountered in 3 @entity0 during the @entity1 biopsy and in 1 @entity0 during the ETV. The ETV failed in 1 @entity0 during the follow-up, and a repeat ETV was required. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic biopsy sampling and a concurrent CSF diversion procedure through a single bur hole and trajectory can be considered for intraventricular @entity1 . The overall success rates of 83% for the biopsy procedure and 86% for the ETV indicate that the procedures are beneficial in the majority of cases. A concordance rate of 75% was found in @entity0 who underwent an initial biopsy procedure and a subsequent microsurgical approach for @entity1 excision.

title: Efficacy of simultaneous single-trajectory endoscopic XXXX biopsy and endoscopic cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures in intra- and @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sliding @entity2 are an uncommon type of @entity1 . Very little is published in the literature regarding the outcome of laparoscopic repair of sliding @entity2 . The present series evaluates the feasibility and outcome of laparoscopic repair of these @entity2 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of prospectively maintained data of @entity0 with sliding @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic repair from January 2003 to July 2010 was done. The @entity0 demographics, clinical presentations, operative details, and complications were studied. Related literature was reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 1136 @entity0 underwent laparoscopic repair of @entity1 , of which 54 @entity0 had sliding @entity1 (4.7%). Forty-one @entity0 (76%) had left-sided @entity2 and 13 @entity0 (24%) had right-sided @entity2 . Mean age of presentation was 63.5 years. Thirty-five @entity0 (64.8%) presented as complicated @entity2 (27 irreducible, 7 obstructed, and 1 strangulated). Thirty-nine @entity0 had sigmoid colon, 9 @entity0 had cecum, 3 @entity0 had ascending colon, and 3 @entity0 had urinary bladder as the sliding component. Eight @entity0 underwent Lichtenstein repair, 27 @entity0 transabdominal preperitoneal repair, and 19 @entity0 total extraperitoneal repair. Mean operating time of laparoscopic repair was 53 minutes (40-105 minutes). Five procedures (10.8%) were converted to open repair. Overall morbidity was 44.4%. Median hospital stay was 1.5 days (1-14 days). There were no recurrences in up to 7 years follow-up. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic repair of sliding @entity1 is feasible and safe with good outcome. Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal approach is the preferable method.

title: Sliding inguinal XXXX : scope of laparoscopic repair.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most @entity0 at elevated cardiovascular risk receive long-term @entity2 ( @entity6 ) anti-platelet treatment. The present study specifically addresses the pharmacological interactions between selective @entity7 inhibitors and @entity6 and the possible consequences for the @entity4 risk during long-term treatment. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: New Zealand white @entity1 were fed a standard laboratory diet supplemented with 1% @entity3 (CON) for 12 weeks. Age-matched control @entity1 were fed the same standard diet without addition of @entity3 (SD). @entity1 were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: @entity8 (ROFE, 25 mg  kg     , @entity9 ), @entity2 ( @entity6 , 5 mg  kg     , @entity9 ) or a combination of both ( @entity6 + ROFE). At the end of the feeding period, the severity of @entity5 formation was assessed in the aorta. @entity4 formation was assessed in the left carotid artery using a modified Folts procedure. KEY RESULTS: Treatment of @entity3 -fed @entity1 with @entity6 significantly reduced plaque formation. This reduction in lesion size was not observed in animals treated with the combination of @entity8 and @entity6 . In the modified Folts model, treatment with either @entity8 or @entity6 increased the total blood flow above that of untreated animals. This increase was statistically significant in the case of @entity6 , while cotreatment with @entity8 abolished this @entity6 effect completely and reduced the total flow rate to the levels seen in untreated hypercholesterolaemic controls. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 inhibition by @entity8 attenuates the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 effects of @entity6 during long-term treatment in @entity3 -fed @entity1 .

title: Antagonism of the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 actions of @entity2 by XXXX in the @entity3 -fed @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most @entity0 at elevated cardiovascular risk receive long-term @entity2 ( @entity6 ) anti-platelet treatment. The present study specifically addresses the pharmacological interactions between selective @entity7 inhibitors and @entity6 and the possible consequences for the @entity4 risk during long-term treatment. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: New Zealand white @entity1 were fed a standard laboratory diet supplemented with 1% @entity3 (CON) for 12 weeks. Age-matched control @entity1 were fed the same standard diet without addition of @entity3 (SD). @entity1 were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: @entity8 (ROFE, 25 mg  kg     , @entity9 ), @entity2 ( @entity6 , 5 mg  kg     , @entity9 ) or a combination of both ( @entity6 + ROFE). At the end of the feeding period, the severity of @entity5 formation was assessed in the aorta. @entity4 formation was assessed in the left carotid artery using a modified Folts procedure. KEY RESULTS: Treatment of @entity3 -fed @entity1 with @entity6 significantly reduced plaque formation. This reduction in lesion size was not observed in animals treated with the combination of @entity8 and @entity6 . In the modified Folts model, treatment with either @entity8 or @entity6 increased the total blood flow above that of untreated animals. This increase was statistically significant in the case of @entity6 , while cotreatment with @entity8 abolished this @entity6 effect completely and reduced the total flow rate to the levels seen in untreated hypercholesterolaemic controls. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 inhibition by @entity8 attenuates the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 effects of @entity6 during long-term treatment in @entity3 -fed @entity1 .

title: Antagonism of the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 actions of @entity2 by @entity8 in the @entity3 -fed XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most @entity0 at elevated cardiovascular risk receive long-term @entity2 ( @entity6 ) anti-platelet treatment. The present study specifically addresses the pharmacological interactions between selective @entity7 inhibitors and @entity6 and the possible consequences for the @entity4 risk during long-term treatment. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: New Zealand white @entity1 were fed a standard laboratory diet supplemented with 1% @entity3 (CON) for 12 weeks. Age-matched control @entity1 were fed the same standard diet without addition of @entity3 (SD). @entity1 were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: @entity8 (ROFE, 25 mg  kg     , @entity9 ), @entity2 ( @entity6 , 5 mg  kg     , @entity9 ) or a combination of both ( @entity6 + ROFE). At the end of the feeding period, the severity of @entity5 formation was assessed in the aorta. @entity4 formation was assessed in the left carotid artery using a modified Folts procedure. KEY RESULTS: Treatment of @entity3 -fed @entity1 with @entity6 significantly reduced plaque formation. This reduction in lesion size was not observed in animals treated with the combination of @entity8 and @entity6 . In the modified Folts model, treatment with either @entity8 or @entity6 increased the total blood flow above that of untreated animals. This increase was statistically significant in the case of @entity6 , while cotreatment with @entity8 abolished this @entity6 effect completely and reduced the total flow rate to the levels seen in untreated hypercholesterolaemic controls. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 inhibition by @entity8 attenuates the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 effects of @entity6 during long-term treatment in @entity3 -fed @entity1 .

title: Antagonism of the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 actions of @entity2 by @entity8 in the XXXX -fed @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most @entity0 at elevated cardiovascular risk receive long-term @entity2 ( @entity6 ) anti-platelet treatment. The present study specifically addresses the pharmacological interactions between selective @entity7 inhibitors and @entity6 and the possible consequences for the @entity4 risk during long-term treatment. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: New Zealand white @entity1 were fed a standard laboratory diet supplemented with 1% @entity3 (CON) for 12 weeks. Age-matched control @entity1 were fed the same standard diet without addition of @entity3 (SD). @entity1 were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: @entity8 (ROFE, 25 mg  kg     , @entity9 ), @entity2 ( @entity6 , 5 mg  kg     , @entity9 ) or a combination of both ( @entity6 + ROFE). At the end of the feeding period, the severity of @entity5 formation was assessed in the aorta. @entity4 formation was assessed in the left carotid artery using a modified Folts procedure. KEY RESULTS: Treatment of @entity3 -fed @entity1 with @entity6 significantly reduced plaque formation. This reduction in lesion size was not observed in animals treated with the combination of @entity8 and @entity6 . In the modified Folts model, treatment with either @entity8 or @entity6 increased the total blood flow above that of untreated animals. This increase was statistically significant in the case of @entity6 , while cotreatment with @entity8 abolished this @entity6 effect completely and reduced the total flow rate to the levels seen in untreated hypercholesterolaemic controls. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 inhibition by @entity8 attenuates the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 effects of @entity6 during long-term treatment in @entity3 -fed @entity1 .

title: Antagonism of the antithrombotic and anti- XXXX actions of @entity2 by @entity8 in the @entity3 -fed @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most @entity0 at elevated cardiovascular risk receive long-term @entity2 ( @entity6 ) anti-platelet treatment. The present study specifically addresses the pharmacological interactions between selective @entity7 inhibitors and @entity6 and the possible consequences for the @entity4 risk during long-term treatment. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: New Zealand white @entity1 were fed a standard laboratory diet supplemented with 1% @entity3 (CON) for 12 weeks. Age-matched control @entity1 were fed the same standard diet without addition of @entity3 (SD). @entity1 were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: @entity8 (ROFE, 25 mg  kg     , @entity9 ), @entity2 ( @entity6 , 5 mg  kg     , @entity9 ) or a combination of both ( @entity6 + ROFE). At the end of the feeding period, the severity of @entity5 formation was assessed in the aorta. @entity4 formation was assessed in the left carotid artery using a modified Folts procedure. KEY RESULTS: Treatment of @entity3 -fed @entity1 with @entity6 significantly reduced plaque formation. This reduction in lesion size was not observed in animals treated with the combination of @entity8 and @entity6 . In the modified Folts model, treatment with either @entity8 or @entity6 increased the total blood flow above that of untreated animals. This increase was statistically significant in the case of @entity6 , while cotreatment with @entity8 abolished this @entity6 effect completely and reduced the total flow rate to the levels seen in untreated hypercholesterolaemic controls. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 inhibition by @entity8 attenuates the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 effects of @entity6 during long-term treatment in @entity3 -fed @entity1 .

title: Antagonism of the antithrombotic and anti- @entity5 actions of XXXX by @entity8 in the @entity3 -fed @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Chemotherapeutic efficacy is inversely related to @entity0 burden. A possible contributory factor in chemotherapy resistance is the occurrence of decreased red blood cell deformability in @entity1 with advanced @entity0 . Poorly deformable red blood cells may prevent adequate drug delivery to @entity0 cells. Two methods for improving red cell deformability were found in this study. The first involved treatment of @entity9 -bearing @entity1 with red cell metabolic substrates, including @entity10 , @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity11 , and @entity3 . The combination of @entity10 plus @entity11 (3 mg of each drug in 0.5 cm3 @entity6 -buffered saline) was most effective in restoring deformability to normal. Administration of an active chemotherapeutic agent ( @entity8 or @entity4 ) also improved red cell deformability, with maximal restoration occurring 4--5 days after drug treatment. Standard and 50% of standard drug doses were equally effective in restoring deformability. The optimal therapy program for day 7 @entity9 utilized @entity10 plus @entity11 given 10--15 min before @entity8 15 mg/kg on day 7 and before @entity8 30 mg/kg on day 12. This treatment yielded 44% cures, whereas @entity8 alone, in identical dose and schedule, gave no cures. Median survival was 50 days for the @entity10 - @entity7 -treated @entity1 , as against 30 days for @entity8 alone. Therefore, treatment with non-toxic doses of red blood cell metabolic substrates plus optimal timing of chemotherapy, two maneuvers that significantly increased red blood cell deformability, resulted in significant therapeutic benefit.

title: Cure of advanced XXXX after correction of abnormal red blood cell deformability.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: terminal deletions of the distal portion of the short arm of chromosome 3 cause a rare @entity4 characterized by @entity1 , @entity0 , @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity3 . The phenotype of individuals with deletions varies from normal to severe. It was suggested that a 1,5 Mb minimal terminal deletion including the two genes @entity7 and @entity9 is sufficient to cause the syndrome. In addition the @entity10 gene, mapping at 3p26.3 distally to @entity7 and @entity9 , was proposed as candidate gene for a non specific @entity2 because of its high level of expression in the brain. METHODS AND RESULTS: we describe two affected siblings in which array-CGH analysis disclosed an identical discontinuous terminal 3p26.3 deletion spanning less than 1 Mb. The deletion was transmitted from their normal father and included only the @entity10 gene. The two brothers present @entity6 , light @entity2 , learning and language difficulties but not the typical phenotype manifestations described in @entity8 . CONCLUSION: a terminal 3p26.3 deletion including only the @entity10 gene is a very rare finding previously reported only in one family. The phenotype of the affected individuals in the two families is very similar and the deletion has been inherited from an apparently normal parent. As already described for others recurrent syndromes with variable phenotype, these findings are challenging in genetic counselling because of an evident variable penetrance.

title: Microarray based analysis of an inherited terminal 3p26.3 deletion, containing only the XXXX gene, from a normal father to his two affected children.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity6 ), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, possesses potent anti- @entity0 activity against a variety of malignant cells. However, its action on lymphocytes and the underlying mechanism are not completely understood. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effects of @entity6 on the proliferation, activation, and apoptosis of @entity1 lymphocytes activated with concanavalin A (ConA). Our results showed that @entity6 inhibited the proliferation of ConA-activated lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Low-dose @entity6 ( <= 1.1 mM) enhanced @entity9 expression on the activated lymphocytes, whereas at high doses (>=  3.3 mM) it decreased @entity9 expression. Furthermore, @entity6 reduced activation-induced apoptotic cell death at low doses, but at high doses it promoted apoptotic cell death of activated lymphocytes dramatically. It was found that the @entity4 / @entity3 ratio and phosphorylation of histone H2A.X was decreased at low doses of @entity6 but was increased at high doses. The phosphorylation of @entity8 was also differentially regulated by different doses of @entity6 . @entity6 , at 5 mM induced the phosphorylation of @entity5 but not JNK and @entity7 . In addition, @entity6 induced a dose-dependent increase in the acetylation of histone H3. These results demonstrate that @entity6 exhibits dose-dependent biphasic effect on apoptosis of activated lymphocytes probably through differential modulation of several apoptosis-related signaling pathways.

title: XXXX exhibits biphasic effects on apoptotic cell death of activated lymphocytes through differential modulation of multiple signaling pathways.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a complex, multifactorial inflammatory @entity1 with genetic and environmental interactions. @entity0 with @entity3 exhibit @entity2 with itch, but the mechanisms of @entity4 itch are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate epidermal nerve density and opioid receptor levels in @entity4 skin with or without itch. METHODS: Twenty-four @entity0 with @entity3 aged between 39 and 82 years were included in this study. The number of epidermal nerve fibres, the levels of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and the expression patterns of  - and k-opioid systems were examined immunohistologically in skin biopsies from @entity4 @entity0 with or without itch and healthy volunteers as controls. RESULTS: The number of epidermal nerve fibres tended to increase in approximately 40% of @entity4 @entity0 with itch compared with healthy controls, while such intraepidermal nerves were not observed in other itchy @entity0 . In comparison with healthy controls, @entity6 levels also tended to decrease in the epidermis of @entity4 @entity0 with itch. However, no relationship was found between nerve density and @entity6 levels in the epidermis of @entity4 @entity0 with itch. The levels of  -opioid receptor and b-endorphin in the epidermis were the same in healthy controls and @entity4 @entity0 with or without itch. The levels of k-opioid receptor and @entity5 were significantly decreased in the epidermis of @entity4 @entity0 with itch compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: Based on @entity6 levels in the epidermis, epidermal opioid systems, rather than hyperinnervation, may be involved in the pathogenesis of @entity4 itch.

title: Evaluation of epidermal nerve density and opioid receptor levels in XXXX itch.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 from a large colony of over 2000 @entity2 were reviewed by a panel of pathologists under the auspices of Universities Associated for Research and Education in Pathology, In the course of this study, a distinct @entity1 in 105 @entity2 was segregated and given the name " @entity4 ." This report describes the histologic features and anatomic distribution of the @entity1 , along with its incidence by age and sex of the @entity2 . The @entity1 is characterized by a spectrum of histologic patterns, one extreme resembling a sarcomatous process and the other a granulomatous process. The exact morphologic composition varied from animal to animal, as well as in @entity1 from the same animal. The sarcomatous pattern is composed of sheets of uniform cells, occasionally exhibiting phagocytosis. The granulomatous pattern contains epithelioid histiocytes, central areas of @entity1 @entity3 surrounded by palisading cells, and multinucleate giant cells. The liver is the organ most commonly containing @entity4 , both in animals with @entity1 and in those with involvement of only one organ. Hepatic invasion is typified by expansion of the portal areas and infiltration of the sinusoids by @entity1 cells. The lung is the second most common site. The distribution of @entity0 is bronchiolocentric and angiocentric. Other common sites included the lymph node and spleen, along with large soft tissue @entity1 of the mediastinum and retroperitoneum. Although occasional previous reports apparently have described a similar or identical @entity1 under varying names, no large group of @entity1 of this unique type in @entity2 has been studied and characterized previously.

title: XXXX with a granuloma-like component occurring in a large colony of @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 from a large colony of over 2000 @entity2 were reviewed by a panel of pathologists under the auspices of Universities Associated for Research and Education in Pathology, In the course of this study, a distinct @entity1 in 105 @entity2 was segregated and given the name " @entity4 ." This report describes the histologic features and anatomic distribution of the @entity1 , along with its incidence by age and sex of the @entity2 . The @entity1 is characterized by a spectrum of histologic patterns, one extreme resembling a sarcomatous process and the other a granulomatous process. The exact morphologic composition varied from animal to animal, as well as in @entity1 from the same animal. The sarcomatous pattern is composed of sheets of uniform cells, occasionally exhibiting phagocytosis. The granulomatous pattern contains epithelioid histiocytes, central areas of @entity1 @entity3 surrounded by palisading cells, and multinucleate giant cells. The liver is the organ most commonly containing @entity4 , both in animals with @entity1 and in those with involvement of only one organ. Hepatic invasion is typified by expansion of the portal areas and infiltration of the sinusoids by @entity1 cells. The lung is the second most common site. The distribution of @entity0 is bronchiolocentric and angiocentric. Other common sites included the lymph node and spleen, along with large soft tissue @entity1 of the mediastinum and retroperitoneum. Although occasional previous reports apparently have described a similar or identical @entity1 under varying names, no large group of @entity1 of this unique type in @entity2 has been studied and characterized previously.

title: @entity4 with a granuloma-like component occurring in a large colony of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanisms by which postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may influence risk of @entity1 are still unclear. Impaired fibrinolytic function is associated with an enhanced risk of @entity1 and therefore the effect of HRT on fibrinolysis may be of importance. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prolonged effect of HRT on the fibrinolytic system and to determine whether two common polymorphisms in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) genes modulate this effect. METHODS: Healthy postmenopausal @entity0 (n = 248) were randomized to HRT (n = 122) or no substitution (n = 126) 5 years prior to investigation. RESULTS: Significantly higher values of @entity4 activity and lower values of @entity3 activity and @entity3 antigen were found in the HRT group compared with the control group. This effect was independent of smoking and without influence from the two common polymorphisms @entity3 -675(4G/5G) and @entity4 intron8ins311. Furthermore, no difference between opposed @entity2 (with @entity5 as the gestagen component) and unopposed @entity2 therapy was found. Both an intention-to-treat and a per-protocol analysis were performed and similar results were obtained. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term treatment with HRT in healthy postmenopausal @entity0 was found to be associated with a beneficial fibrinolytic profile. This effect was found independent of smoking status, opposed and unopposed @entity2 therapy had equal effect, and no influence of the two common polymorphisms @entity3 -675(4G/5G) and @entity4 intron8ins311 was found. This effect of HRT on fibrinolytic capacity may be one of the beneficial effects of HRT in relation to @entity1 .

title: Positive impact of hormone replacement therapy on the fibrinolytic system: a long-term randomized controlled study in healthy postmenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ), the most common type of cutaneous lesions in @entity2 ( @entity2 ), clinically may not be differentiated from ordinary acne. Disagreement exists as to the exact nature of these acneiform and @entity4 -like lesions and whether to include them as a major criterion. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether @entity1 can be a useful tool for the diagnosis of @entity2 when non-follicular lesions over the trunk or extremities were selected, and were correlated with histological and/or immunofluorescence study. METHODS: Seventeen @entity0 with @entity2 (five @entity0 , 12 @entity0 ; mean +/- SEM age, 32 +/- 7.9 years), were enrolled in the study with blind histopathological and immunofluorescence studies. Biopsies of the @entity1 and adjacent (approximately 2 cm distant) normal-appearing skin were performed from the extremities and trunk. Follicle-based @entity1 and those lesions over face were excluded. Histological evaluation primarily included epidermal and dermal alterations, cellular infiltration and vascular changes. We also performed direct immunofluorescence studies, using polyclonal antibodies for IgA, IgG, IgM, C3 and fibrin. RESULTS: Lesional specimens of the @entity0 with @entity2 revealed a significant @entity3 as compared with non-lesional skin (P<0.05). The vessels of the lesional skin showed a higher IgM deposition than non-lesional skin (52.9% and 17.6%) (P<0.05). IgG, C3 and fibrin deposits on the vessels of the lesional skin were also higher than non-lesional skin (35.3, 11.8%; 41.2, 17.6%; and 47.1, 17.6%, respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that non-follicular @entity1 over the trunk or extremities are more specific, and immune complex-mediated @entity3 is likely to be the main feature of these lesions, as they are in other cutaneous lesions of @entity2 .

title: Histological and immunofluorescence findings of non-follicular papulopustular lesions in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ), the most common type of cutaneous lesions in @entity2 ( @entity2 ), clinically may not be differentiated from ordinary acne. Disagreement exists as to the exact nature of these acneiform and @entity4 -like lesions and whether to include them as a major criterion. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether @entity1 can be a useful tool for the diagnosis of @entity2 when non-follicular lesions over the trunk or extremities were selected, and were correlated with histological and/or immunofluorescence study. METHODS: Seventeen @entity0 with @entity2 (five @entity0 , 12 @entity0 ; mean +/- SEM age, 32 +/- 7.9 years), were enrolled in the study with blind histopathological and immunofluorescence studies. Biopsies of the @entity1 and adjacent (approximately 2 cm distant) normal-appearing skin were performed from the extremities and trunk. Follicle-based @entity1 and those lesions over face were excluded. Histological evaluation primarily included epidermal and dermal alterations, cellular infiltration and vascular changes. We also performed direct immunofluorescence studies, using polyclonal antibodies for IgA, IgG, IgM, C3 and fibrin. RESULTS: Lesional specimens of the @entity0 with @entity2 revealed a significant @entity3 as compared with non-lesional skin (P<0.05). The vessels of the lesional skin showed a higher IgM deposition than non-lesional skin (52.9% and 17.6%) (P<0.05). IgG, C3 and fibrin deposits on the vessels of the lesional skin were also higher than non-lesional skin (35.3, 11.8%; 41.2, 17.6%; and 47.1, 17.6%, respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that non-follicular @entity1 over the trunk or extremities are more specific, and immune complex-mediated @entity3 is likely to be the main feature of these lesions, as they are in other cutaneous lesions of @entity2 .

title: Histological and immunofluorescence findings of non-follicular papulopustular lesions in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0