abstract: BACKGROUND: Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.), renowned for their excellent health benefits, are an important berry crop. Here, we performed transcriptome sequencing of one cranberry cultivar, from fruits at two different developmental stages, on the Illumina HiSeq  2000 platform. Our main goals were to identify putative genes for major metabolic pathways of bioactive compounds and compare the expression patterns between white fruit (W) and red fruit (R) in cranberry. RESULTS: In this study, two cDNA libraries of W and R were constructed. Approximately 119 million raw sequencing reads were generated and assembled de novo, yielding 57,331 high quality unigenes with an average length of 739  bp. Using BLASTx, 38,460 unigenes were identified as putative homologs of annotated sequences in public protein databases, including NCBI NR, NT, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, COG and @entity4 . Of these, 21,898 unigenes mapped to 128 KEGG pathways, with the metabolic pathways, secondary metabolites, glycerophospholipid metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, starch and @entity0 metabolism, @entity3 metabolism, and @entity2 metabolism being well represented. Among them, many candidate genes were involved in @entity1 biosynthesis, transport and regulation. Furthermore, digital gene expression (DEG) analysis identified 3,257 unigenes that were differentially expressed between the two fruit developmental stages. In addition, 14,473 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Our results present comprehensive gene expression information about the cranberry fruit transcriptome that could facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of fruit development in cranberries. Although it will be necessary to validate the functions carried out by these genes, these results could be used to improve the quality of breeding programs for the cranberry and related species.

title: De novo sequencing and analysis of the cranberry fruit transcriptome to identify putative genes involved in XXXX biosynthesis, transport and regulation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A retrospective study was made of 75 consecutive @entity0 treated for a @entity1 of the head of the pancreas and the peri-ampullary region from January 1978 to August 1981. These @entity0 underwent either pancreatic resection--pancreatoduodenectomy (n = 24) and total pancreatectomy (n = 10)--palliative procedures (n = 29) or exploratory laparotomy (n = 12). Clinical signs and diagnostic procedures, such as ultrasonography and coeliac arteriography, were studied for their value in preoperative assessment of operability. Vaso-invasion, as revealed by arteriography and, to a lesser extent, ultrasonographic signs of a @entity1 and the absence of @entity3 were poor prognostic signs. The operative mortality was 8 per cent for the group as a whole, but somewhat higher (13 per cent) for the group that underwent pancreatoduodenectomy. No @entity0 died after total pancreatectomy. The operative mortality was 27 per cent in all @entity0 aged 70 years or older, but only 3 per cent in @entity0 under 70 years. One-year @entity0 survival was 94 per cent after pancreatoduodenectomy for @entity1 and 57 per cent after resection for @entity2 . The results of this study point to pancreatic resection as the treatment of choice for resectable @entity1 of the peri-ampullary region and the head of the pancreas in @entity0 under 70 years of age. Coeliac arteriography and ultrasonography have been found to be useful for preoperative classification of @entity1 stage.

title: Operative approach to XXXX and the peri-ampullary region.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate long-term effects of maintenance tocolysis with @entity3 on neurodevelopmental outcome of the @entity0 . DESIGN, SETTING AND POPULATION: Follow up of @entity0 of @entity0 who participated in a multicentre randomised controlled trial on maintenance tocolysis with @entity3 versus placebo. METHODS: Two years after the APOSTEL II trial on maintenance tocolysis with @entity3 versus placebo, we asked @entity0 to complete the Ages and Stages Questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity0 development was measured in five domains. @entity1 was defined as a score of  <=1 SD in one or more developmental domains. We performed exploratory subgroup analysis in @entity0 with preterm prolonged @entity2 of the membranes, and in @entity0 with a cervical length <10  mm at study entry. RESULTS: Of the 276 @entity0 eligible for follow up, 135 (52.5%) returned the questionnaire, encompassing data of 170 @entity0 . At 2  years of age, @entity0 of @entity0 with @entity3 maintenance tocolysis compared with placebo had a higher overall incidence of fine motor problems (22.2 versus 7.6%, OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.29-9.14, P  =  0.01), and a lower incidence of poor problem-solving (21.1 versus 29.1%, OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.08-0.95, P  =  0.04). CONCLUSIONS: This follow-up study revealed no clear benefit of @entity3 maintenance tocolysis at 2  years of age. As short-term adverse perinatal outcome was not reduced in the original APOSTEL II trial, we conclude that maintenance tocolysis does not appear to be beneficial at this time. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: No clear benefit of @entity3 maintenance tocolysis in @entity4 on 2-year @entity0 outcome.

title: Maintenance tocolysis with @entity3 in threatened XXXX : 2-year follow up of the offspring in the APOSTEL II trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate long-term effects of maintenance tocolysis with @entity3 on neurodevelopmental outcome of the @entity0 . DESIGN, SETTING AND POPULATION: Follow up of @entity0 of @entity0 who participated in a multicentre randomised controlled trial on maintenance tocolysis with @entity3 versus placebo. METHODS: Two years after the APOSTEL II trial on maintenance tocolysis with @entity3 versus placebo, we asked @entity0 to complete the Ages and Stages Questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity0 development was measured in five domains. @entity1 was defined as a score of  <=1 SD in one or more developmental domains. We performed exploratory subgroup analysis in @entity0 with preterm prolonged @entity2 of the membranes, and in @entity0 with a cervical length <10  mm at study entry. RESULTS: Of the 276 @entity0 eligible for follow up, 135 (52.5%) returned the questionnaire, encompassing data of 170 @entity0 . At 2  years of age, @entity0 of @entity0 with @entity3 maintenance tocolysis compared with placebo had a higher overall incidence of fine motor problems (22.2 versus 7.6%, OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.29-9.14, P  =  0.01), and a lower incidence of poor problem-solving (21.1 versus 29.1%, OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.08-0.95, P  =  0.04). CONCLUSIONS: This follow-up study revealed no clear benefit of @entity3 maintenance tocolysis at 2  years of age. As short-term adverse perinatal outcome was not reduced in the original APOSTEL II trial, we conclude that maintenance tocolysis does not appear to be beneficial at this time. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: No clear benefit of @entity3 maintenance tocolysis in @entity4 on 2-year @entity0 outcome.

title: Maintenance tocolysis with XXXX in threatened @entity4 : 2-year follow up of the offspring in the APOSTEL II trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: With a possible increase in the prevalence of @entity1 ( @entity4 ), the pediatric @entity0 population is expected to be at risk for other health care complications. Current imaging modalities, such as the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), that allow micron resolution imaging of the retina have become a standard of care for showing morphological changes seen in the retina in adults with @entity1 . Such pathologies can be associated with known risk factors such as poor glycemic control (HbA1C) and body mass index (BMI). METHODS: A comprehensive screening was performed in subjects with @entity4 including nonmydriatic fundus imaging (Canon, @entity5 Plus-AF with EOS-60D, Tokyo, Japan) and SD-OCT imaging (Optovue, iVue, Fremont, CA). SD-OCT scans were acquired showing @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and thickness of the parafoveal regions and the perifoveal regions. Associations of macular, paramacular, and perimacular thickness were analyzed as a function of HbA1C and BMI by simple linear regressions. RESULTS: SD-OCT changes were analyzed in eyes of subjects with @entity4 and normal fundus appearance by color imaging. Linear regression analysis of @entity3 @entity2 ( @entity2 ), paramacula @entity2 , @entity2 (LT), perimacula LT with BMI were statistically significant (P < .05). HbA1C >7.5% was also found statistically significant in the macula @entity2 , paramacula @entity2 , paramacula LT, perimacula @entity2 , and perimacula LT. A general trend of thickening of the macula, paramacula, and perimacula was observed with increasing HbA1C (>7.5%) and increasing BMI; however, no statistical significance was found. CONCLUSIONS: SD-OCT with retinal imaging was feasible in young individuals with @entity4 and revealed ultrastructural macular and perimacular changes prior to manifest clinical disease.

title: Structural Changes by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in @entity0 With XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: With a possible increase in the prevalence of @entity1 ( @entity4 ), the pediatric @entity0 population is expected to be at risk for other health care complications. Current imaging modalities, such as the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), that allow micron resolution imaging of the retina have become a standard of care for showing morphological changes seen in the retina in adults with @entity1 . Such pathologies can be associated with known risk factors such as poor glycemic control (HbA1C) and body mass index (BMI). METHODS: A comprehensive screening was performed in subjects with @entity4 including nonmydriatic fundus imaging (Canon, @entity5 Plus-AF with EOS-60D, Tokyo, Japan) and SD-OCT imaging (Optovue, iVue, Fremont, CA). SD-OCT scans were acquired showing @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and thickness of the parafoveal regions and the perifoveal regions. Associations of macular, paramacular, and perimacular thickness were analyzed as a function of HbA1C and BMI by simple linear regressions. RESULTS: SD-OCT changes were analyzed in eyes of subjects with @entity4 and normal fundus appearance by color imaging. Linear regression analysis of @entity3 @entity2 ( @entity2 ), paramacula @entity2 , @entity2 (LT), perimacula LT with BMI were statistically significant (P < .05). HbA1C >7.5% was also found statistically significant in the macula @entity2 , paramacula @entity2 , paramacula LT, perimacula @entity2 , and perimacula LT. A general trend of thickening of the macula, paramacula, and perimacula was observed with increasing HbA1C (>7.5%) and increasing BMI; however, no statistical significance was found. CONCLUSIONS: SD-OCT with retinal imaging was feasible in young individuals with @entity4 and revealed ultrastructural macular and perimacular changes prior to manifest clinical disease.

title: Structural Changes by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in XXXX With @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Patterns of end-of-life @entity1 care differ in Canada and the United States; yet little is known about differences in service-specific and overall costs. AIM: The aim of this study was to compare end-of-life costs in Ontario, Canada, and the United States, using administrative health data. DESIGN: @entity3 @entity0 who died from @entity1 at age    65.5   years in 2001-2005 were selected from the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare database (N   =   16,858) and the Ontario @entity1 Registry (N   =   8643). We estimated total and service-specific costs (2009   US dollars) in each of the last 6   months of life from the public payer perspectives for short-term and long-term survivors (lived   <180 and    180   days post-diagnosis, respectively). Services were defined for comparisons between systems. RESULTS: Mean monthly costs increased as @entity2 approached, were higher in short-term than long-term survivors, and were generally higher in the United States than in Ontario until the month before @entity2 , when they were similar (long-term survivors: US 10,464 and US 10,094 (p   =   0.53), short-term survivors US 14,455 and US 12,836 (p   =   0.11), in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare and Ontario, respectively). Costs for Medicare hospice and Ontario's palliative care components were similar and increased closer to @entity2 . Inpatient hospitalization was the main cost driver with similar costs in both cohorts, despite lower utilization in the United States. The compositions of many services and costs differed. CONCLUSION: Costs for @entity3 @entity0 were slightly higher in the United States than Ontario until 1   month before @entity2 . Administrative data allow exploration and international comparisons of reimbursement policies, health-care delivery, and costs at the end of life.

title: An international comparison of costs of end-of-life care for advanced lung cancer XXXX using health administrative data.

answer: @entity0


abstract: U.T.M.D. Anderson Hospital cases filed as @entity3 were reviewed. Malignant mixed @entity1 , @entity6 , and poorly differentiated @entity2 of uncertain origin were excluded, and a minimum of 36 months follow-up was required. On pathologic examination, the remaining cases fell into two distinct groups: @entity5 (11 cases) and poorly differentiated @entity3 (seven cases). The former were characterized histologically by small to medium-sized uniform cells and distinctive arterial vasculature resembling the spiral arteries to the normal endometrium; they were thus considered to exhibit endometrial stromal differentiation. The latter showed topographic configurations indicative of endometrial origin but did not demonstrate endometrial stromal differentiation; they were composed of generally larger cells with nuclear hyperchromatism and pleomorphism and had no distinctive vascular pattern. The mitotic rate was usually low in @entity5 and high in poorly differentiated @entity3 , although two examples of the former had more than 20 mitoses per 10 high-power fields. All but one of the @entity0 with @entity5 were less than 50 years of age, whereas all of those with poorly differentiated @entity3 were older than 50 years. One @entity0 with @entity5 died of @entity1 , two were living with @entity1 at latest follow-up, and eight were clinically @entity1 -free. By contrast, six of those with poorly differentiated @entity3 died of @entity1 , all within 34 months. The extent of @entity1 was the major prognostic factor in both groups; the three @entity0 with @entity5 who were dead or living with @entity1 all had extrauterine extension at the time of hysterectomy (only one of the other eight did so) and all six who died with poorly differentiated @entity3 had myometrial invasion (the one survivor had a @entity1 limited to the endometrium). Other pathologic factors, including mitotic rate, had no prognostic significance in either category; of particular interest was that both @entity0 who had @entity5 with high mitotic rates were @entity1 -free. It is concluded that @entity5 is a distinct @entity1 entity whose diagnosis should not depend on mitotic rate, and it is suggested that poorly differentiated @entity3 is closely related to @entity4 , in view of clinical and pathologic similarities.

title: @entity5 and poorly differentiated XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: U.T.M.D. Anderson Hospital cases filed as @entity3 were reviewed. Malignant mixed @entity1 , @entity6 , and poorly differentiated @entity2 of uncertain origin were excluded, and a minimum of 36 months follow-up was required. On pathologic examination, the remaining cases fell into two distinct groups: @entity5 (11 cases) and poorly differentiated @entity3 (seven cases). The former were characterized histologically by small to medium-sized uniform cells and distinctive arterial vasculature resembling the spiral arteries to the normal endometrium; they were thus considered to exhibit endometrial stromal differentiation. The latter showed topographic configurations indicative of endometrial origin but did not demonstrate endometrial stromal differentiation; they were composed of generally larger cells with nuclear hyperchromatism and pleomorphism and had no distinctive vascular pattern. The mitotic rate was usually low in @entity5 and high in poorly differentiated @entity3 , although two examples of the former had more than 20 mitoses per 10 high-power fields. All but one of the @entity0 with @entity5 were less than 50 years of age, whereas all of those with poorly differentiated @entity3 were older than 50 years. One @entity0 with @entity5 died of @entity1 , two were living with @entity1 at latest follow-up, and eight were clinically @entity1 -free. By contrast, six of those with poorly differentiated @entity3 died of @entity1 , all within 34 months. The extent of @entity1 was the major prognostic factor in both groups; the three @entity0 with @entity5 who were dead or living with @entity1 all had extrauterine extension at the time of hysterectomy (only one of the other eight did so) and all six who died with poorly differentiated @entity3 had myometrial invasion (the one survivor had a @entity1 limited to the endometrium). Other pathologic factors, including mitotic rate, had no prognostic significance in either category; of particular interest was that both @entity0 who had @entity5 with high mitotic rates were @entity1 -free. It is concluded that @entity5 is a distinct @entity1 entity whose diagnosis should not depend on mitotic rate, and it is suggested that poorly differentiated @entity3 is closely related to @entity4 , in view of clinical and pathologic similarities.

title: XXXX and poorly differentiated @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: : The recent discovery of relevant biomarkers has reshaped our approach to therapy selection for @entity0 with @entity3 . The unprecedented outcomes demonstrated with @entity4 kinase inhibitors in molecularly defined cohorts of @entity0 has underscored the importance of genetic profiling in this disease. Despite published guidelines on biomarker testing, successful @entity2 genotyping faces significant hurdles at both @entity5 and community-based practices. Oncologists are now faced with interpreting large-scale genomic data from multiple @entity2 types, possibly making it difficult to stay current with practice @entity1 . In addition, physicians' lack of time, resources, and face-to-face opportunities can interfere with the multidisciplinary approach that is essential to delivery of care. Finally, several challenges exist in optimizing the amount and quality of tissue for molecular testing. Recognizing the importance of biomarker testing, a series of advisory boards were recently convened to address these hurdles and clarify best practices. We reviewed these challenges and established recommendations to help optimize tissue acquisition, processing, and testing within the framework of a multidisciplinary approach. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Although several professional societies have incorporated biomarker testing recommendations into clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), health care providers still face considerable challenges when establishing and implementing these standards. Developing and instituting protocols to ensure that all appropriate @entity0 are tested for molecular biomarkers requires communication among the various specialists involved in the care of @entity0 with @entity3 . This report provides insights into key challenges and recommendations for molecular testing of @entity0 with metastatic @entity3 , summarized from a multidisciplinary team of experts spanning @entity5 , community, and integrated health systems.

title: Molecular Testing for Treatment of Metastatic XXXX : How to Implement Evidence-Based Recommendations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of physician-nurse supplementary triage assistance team (MDRNSTAT) from a hospital and @entity0 perspective. METHODS: This was a cost-effectiveness evaluation of a cluster randomized control trial comparing the MDRNSTAT with nurse-only triage in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) between the hours of 0800 and 1500. Cost was MDRNSTAT salary. Revenue was from Ontario's Pay-for-Results and @entity0 volume-case mix payment programs. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was based on MDRNSTAT cost and three consequence assessments: 1) per additional @entity0 -seen; 2) per physician initial assessment (PIA) hour saved; and 3) per @entity1 length of stay (EDLOS) hour saved. @entity0 opportunity cost was determined. @entity0 satisfaction was quantified by a cost-benefit ratio. A sensitivity analysis extrapolating MDRNSTAT to different working hours, salary, and willingness-to-pay data was performed. RESULTS: The added cost of the MDRNSTAT was  3,597.27 [ 1,729.47 to    ] per additional @entity0 -seen,  75.37 [ 67.99 to  105.30] per PIA hour saved, and  112.99 [ 74.68 to  251.43] per EDLOS hour saved. From the hospital perspective, the cost-benefit ratio was 38.6 [19.0 to    ] and net present value of - 447,996 [- 435,646 to - 459,900]. For @entity0 , the cost-benefit ratio for satisfaction was 2.8 [2.3 to 4.6]. If MDRNSTAT performance were consistently implemented from noon to midnight, it would be more cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS: The MDRNSTAT is not a cost-effective daytime strategy but appears to be more feasible during time periods with higher @entity0 volume, such as late morning to evening.

title: Cost-effectiveness of a physician-nurse supplementary triage assessment team at an academic tertiary care XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity5 with electrical @entity3 in sleep (ESES) is a @entity5 with sleep-induced @entity5 discharges and acquired @entity1 or behavior. Treatment of ESES is assumed to improve cognitive outcome. The aim of this study is to create an overview of the current evidence for different treatment regimens in @entity0 with ESES syndrome. METHODS: A literature search using PubMed and Embase was performed. Articles were selected that contain original treatment data of @entity0 with ESES syndrome. Authors were contacted for additional information. Individual @entity0 data were collected, coded, and analyzed using logistic regression analysis. The three predefined main outcome measures were improvement in cognitive function, electroencephalography (EEG) pattern, and any improvement (cognition or EEG). RESULTS: The literature search yielded 1,766 articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 112 articles and 950 treatments in 575 @entity0 could be analyzed. @entity6 ( @entity6 , n  =  495) were associated with improvement (i.e., cognition or EEG) in 49% of @entity0 , @entity7 (n  =  171) in 68%, and @entity4 (n  =  166) in 81%. Surgery (n  =  62) resulted in improvement in 90% of @entity0 . In a subgroup analysis of @entity0 who were consecutively reported (585 treatments in 282 @entity0 ), we found improvement in a smaller proportion treated with @entity6 (34%), @entity7 (59%), and @entity4 (75%), whereas the improvement percentage after surgery was preserved (93%). Possible predictors of improved outcome were treatment category, normal development before ESES onset, and the absence of @entity8 . SIGNIFICANCE: Although most included studies were small and retrospective and their heterogeneity allowed analysis of only qualitative outcome data, this pooled analysis suggests superior efficacy of @entity4 and surgery in @entity2 with ESES.

title: Treatment of electrical XXXX in sleep: A pooled analysis of 575 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 1. Regulation of the reduction of @entity8 by the isolated perfused @entity1 liver was studied. 2. The rate of reduction was dependent on the rate of supply of @entity8 and independent of perfusate @entity0 concentration. 3. The effect of pH was also examined; the rate of reduction was optimal at pH 7.4 and was inhibited to a greater extent by pH values below 7.4 than those above 7.4. 4. The effects of substrates on the rate of @entity8 reduction was assessed. Reductants of the cytosolic and mitochondrial @entity7 / @entity7 couple were tested. @entity10 (10mm), @entity4 (10mm), @entity3 (10mm) and @entity5 (10mm) each had no effect. @entity9 (10mm) stimulated the rate. 5. Dehydroascorbate (1mm), stimulated the rate of @entity8 reduction; the stimulation did not appear to be attributable to the production of reduced substances that were excreted to reduce extracellular @entity8 . 6. The effects of glucagon and @entity6 on the rate of @entity8 reduction were examined. Glucagon inhibited the rate by approx. 30% and half-maximal inhibition occurred at 0.1 nm, corresponding to the concentration at which half-maximal stimulation of @entity2 release occurred. @entity6 stimulated @entity2 release but had no significant effect on the rate of @entity8 reduction. It is concluded that the trans-plasma membrane redox system of liver that reduces extracellular @entity8 is regulated by glucagon. The rate is also altered by the substrate @entity9 . The effect of glucagon may be direct as it cannot be mimicked by @entity6 and it occurs directly following exposure to the hormone.

title: Properties and regulation of a trans-plasma membrane redox system in XXXX liver.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The exposure of @entity0 to @entity4 (10 p.p.m.) for one hour daily for 30 days caused depletion of total lipids in all brain areas. The contents of phospholipid were elevated in cerebellum and brain stem, but were depleted in cerebral hemisphere. @entity1 levels showed an increase in various brain regions. On the other hand, @entity2 were increased in cerebellum and brain stem, but were decreased in cerebral hemisphere. Interestingly, @entity1 /phospholipid ratio was increased in different regions of the brain. @entity3 activity was elevated in cerebral hemisphere. Lipid peroxidation showed marked increment in whole brain and in all the brain areas studied. The results suggest that @entity4 -exposure induces degradation of lipids. Interestingly, the lipid contents are affected differentially in the various parts of the brain.

title: Air pollutant sulfur dioxide-induced alterations on the levels of lipids, lipid peroxidation and XXXX activity in various regions of the @entity0 brain.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The exposure of @entity0 to @entity4 (10 p.p.m.) for one hour daily for 30 days caused depletion of total lipids in all brain areas. The contents of phospholipid were elevated in cerebellum and brain stem, but were depleted in cerebral hemisphere. @entity1 levels showed an increase in various brain regions. On the other hand, @entity2 were increased in cerebellum and brain stem, but were decreased in cerebral hemisphere. Interestingly, @entity1 /phospholipid ratio was increased in different regions of the brain. @entity3 activity was elevated in cerebral hemisphere. Lipid peroxidation showed marked increment in whole brain and in all the brain areas studied. The results suggest that @entity4 -exposure induces degradation of lipids. Interestingly, the lipid contents are affected differentially in the various parts of the brain.

title: Air pollutant sulfur dioxide-induced alterations on the levels of lipids, lipid peroxidation and @entity3 activity in various regions of the XXXX brain.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The influence of cardioselective beta blockade on systemic hemodynamics and cardiac performance was assessed in 17 essential @entity1 @entity0 treated with @entity4 (50 to 100 mg twice daily) for 1 month. Eleven @entity0 had a significant reduction of mean arterial pressure (less than 10 mm Hg); the other six @entity0 did not show significant blood pressure change. There was no difference in response of heart rate or cardiac output between the two groups [-14 +/- 1.6 (SE) vs. -9.5 +/- 2.08 bpm, NS, and -0.55 +/- 0.39 vs. 0.80 +/- 0.35 L/min, NS, respectively]. Mean transit time was significantly prolonged in both groups (1.9 +/- 0.56 vs. 1 +/- 0.53 seconds, NS), and changes in ejection fraction in the two groups were not significant. The only significant difference between the two groups was in the response of total peripheral resistance (-1.4 +/- 3.04 vs. +10.2 +/- 3.77 U . m2, p less than 0.05). The reduction in heart rate correlated significantly with control heart rate (r = -0.71, p less than 0.001) and the decreased in cardiac output correlated significantly (r = -0.77, p less than 0.001) and the decrease in cardiac output correlated significantly (r = -0.77, p less than 0.001) with the @entity3 . The changes in mean arterial pressure did not correlate with changes in cardiac output (r = 0.116). On the other hand, there was a significant correlation of 0.68 (p less than 0.01) between the changes in mean arterial pressure and the changes in total peripheral resistance. Changes in plasma @entity2 activity (PRA) were not significant in the nonresponders (1.8 +/- 0.9 to 0.6 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, NS), and the reduction of plasma @entity2 activity was significant in the group of responders (5.5 +/- 2.4 to 1.7 +/- 0.8 ng/ml, p less than 0.05). However, there was no correlation between the changes of mean arterial pressure and either initial PRA or the change in PRA. As regards plasma @entity5 (measured in nine @entity0 ), there was a tendency to reduction in both responders and nonresponders (411 +/- 84 to 319 +/- 67 ng/L and 562 +/- 141 to 388 +/- 166, respectively); but changes did not reach statistical significance in both groups. It was concluded that @entity4 reduces cardiac output by slowing heart rate; this reduction of cardiac output was not related to decreased cardiac performance. The mechanism of blood pressure reduction seems to be related to the response of systemic resistance to the diminution in cardiac output and not to the decrease in cardiac output per se, inasmuch as the latter occurred in both responders and nonresponders.

title: Relation of cardiovascular response to the hypotensive effect of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The lack of surgeons will be a future major problem in @entity0 care for multifaceted reasons. Niche specialties such as OMFS face an additional drawback because of the need for dual qualification. Special surgical training that gives students the opportunity to gain experience in the techniques of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has therefore been established to promote interest in OMFS. METHODS: Two hands-on courses with 8 modules of 2  h for 10 students were established. Course modules included surgical techniques of @entity2 , such as local flaps in a complex facial defect on @entity3 heads, and were supervised by two OMFS surgeons. The identical initial and final tests examined theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Questionnaires concerning basic demographic data, future career goals, and perception of surgical disciplines before and after the completion of the course were handed out. RESULTS: The 19 participating students (12 female, 7 male; median age 24        2.24) were in their 8.31        1.20 semester. Results of the tests showed improvement in knowledge following the courses (before 52.68        12.64 vs. after 77.89        11.37; p   <   0.05). Based on the Likert scale, an increase in interest in a career in OFMS was observed (3.90        1.18 vs. 2.72        1.33; p   <   0.05), but this was not so marked with regard to a career in a surgical discipline in general (1.93        1.30 vs. 1.62        1.19; p   >   0.05). Perception of OMFS as a surgical discipline changed (3.68        1.09 vs. 1.80        0.64; p   <   0.05). The following values also changed: students   perception of @entity2 in OMFS (14 (74.68  %) vs. 5 (25.32  %); 19 (100  %) vs. 0 (0  %)), evaluation of @entity2 as a study subject for medical students (7 (36.84  %) vs. 12 (63.16  %); 19 (100  %) vs. 0 (0  %)), and the interest in an OMFS elective subject (6 (31.58  %) vs. 13 (68.42  %); 18 (94.74  %) vs. 1 (5.26  %)) and as a final clinical year subject (4 (21.05  %) vs. 15 (78.95  %); 14 (73.68  %) vs. 5 (26.32  %)). CONCLUSIONS: Hands-on courses with complex @entity1 can be used to gain new professionals, even in niche specialties such as OMFS. Moreover, a hands-on course design, including innovative teaching methods and structured objective tests combined with a close student-teacher relationship and motivated instructors, is able to promote complex surgical skills in @entity2 .

title: Reconstruction of XXXX with local flaps - a training model for medical students?

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Twice-daily radiation with concurrent chemotherapy is recognized as the standard of care for the treatment of limited stage @entity2 ( @entity2 ), but its utilization in this setting is unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze modern patterns of treatment for limited stage @entity2 and the impact on survival utilizing the National @entity1 Database. METHODS: Between 1999 and 2012, there were 25,045 @entity0 diagnosed with nonmetastatic @entity2 who met the selection criteria, of whom 22,626 had survival data. Those receiving 45 Gy in 1.5 Gy fractions twice-daily ( @entity4 ) were compared with those receiving 45 to 72 Gy in 1.8 or 2.0 Gy fractions. Overall survival was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared using the log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify covariates associated with survival. RESULTS: The utilization of @entity4 radiation overall was 11.3%. Treatment at an @entity3 center was associated with a higher likelihood of receiving @entity4 treatment (odds ratio: 2.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.95-2.69; p < 0.001). Median survival was 22.1, 17.2, 18.3, 19.2, and 19.5 months for @entity0 receiving 45 Gy @entity4 , 45 Gy once-daily, 46 to 59.4 Gy once-daily, 60 to 61.2 Gy once-daily, and 62 to 72 Gy once-daily, respectively (p < 0.001 for all pairwise comparisons to @entity4 ). On multivariate analysis, treatment at an @entity3 center (hazard ratio: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.83-0.93; p < 0.001) and receipt of @entity4 radiation (hazard ratio: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86-0.98; p = 0.008) were associated with improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: The adoption of @entity4 radiation remains very limited, but is more commonly utilized in the @entity3 setting. In this hospital-based study, @entity4 fractionation was associated with improved survival over once-daily fractionation, even at doses >= 60 Gy.

title: Utilization of Hyperfractionated Radiation in Small-Cell Lung XXXX and Its Impact on Survival.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 65 out of 79 @entity0 with @entity5 who had extensive electrostimulation studies, a follow-up evaluation (mean follow-up period 2.5 years) was performed. The @entity0 were divided into 2 groups: Group 1: No therapy or therapy only during @entity2 . Group 2: Continuous oral drug therapy. There was no difference of antegrade and retrograde refractory periods, but there was a significant difference in the initiation of @entity2 . In group 1, the typical @entity2 using the AV node antegradely and the accessory pathway retrogradely was predominant, while in group 2, complex @entity3 ( @entity4 + @entity2 , @entity2 using the accessory pathway in both directions, @entity2 + AV-nodal @entity2 , isolated @entity4 ) during electrostimulation could be induced. all except 1 @entity0 in whom no @entity2 could be initiated were in group 1 (statistically significant difference). Thus the type of @entity2 which can be initiated during electrostimulation is a better predictor for the condition in the follow-up period than the refractory period. As concomitant disease there were 4 cases with @entity6 (2 had additional @entity7 ) and 3 cases with @entity7 . 3 of the 4 @entity0 with @entity6 were in group 2. 1 of the 64 @entity0 died during the follow-up period suddenly, but the cause of @entity1 is not known and possibly due to medical therapy. The mortality in a non-selected group of @entity0 with @entity5 seems to be very low.

title: [Follow-up studies in 64 @entity0 with XXXX after electrostimulation].

answer: @entity5


abstract: In 65 out of 79 @entity0 with @entity5 who had extensive electrostimulation studies, a follow-up evaluation (mean follow-up period 2.5 years) was performed. The @entity0 were divided into 2 groups: Group 1: No therapy or therapy only during @entity2 . Group 2: Continuous oral drug therapy. There was no difference of antegrade and retrograde refractory periods, but there was a significant difference in the initiation of @entity2 . In group 1, the typical @entity2 using the AV node antegradely and the accessory pathway retrogradely was predominant, while in group 2, complex @entity3 ( @entity4 + @entity2 , @entity2 using the accessory pathway in both directions, @entity2 + AV-nodal @entity2 , isolated @entity4 ) during electrostimulation could be induced. all except 1 @entity0 in whom no @entity2 could be initiated were in group 1 (statistically significant difference). Thus the type of @entity2 which can be initiated during electrostimulation is a better predictor for the condition in the follow-up period than the refractory period. As concomitant disease there were 4 cases with @entity6 (2 had additional @entity7 ) and 3 cases with @entity7 . 3 of the 4 @entity0 with @entity6 were in group 2. 1 of the 64 @entity0 died during the follow-up period suddenly, but the cause of @entity1 is not known and possibly due to medical therapy. The mortality in a non-selected group of @entity0 with @entity5 seems to be very low.

title: [Follow-up studies in 64 XXXX with @entity5 after electrostimulation].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Winter @entity1 is threatened by drought in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China, thus, effective water-saving irrigation practices are urgently required to maintain its high winter @entity1 production. This study was conducted from 2012 to 2014 to determine how supplemental irrigation (SI) affected soil moisture, photosynthesis, and @entity0 ( @entity0 ) production of winter @entity1 by measuring the moisture in 0-20 cm (W2), 0-40 cm (W3), and 0-60 cm (W4) soil profiles. Rainfed (W0) and local SI practice (W1, irrigation with 60 mm each at jointing and anthesis) treatments were designed as controls. The irrigation amount for W3 was significantly lower than that for W1 and W4 but higher than that for W2. The soil relative water content (SRWC) in 0-40 cm soil profiles at jointing after SI for W3 was significantly lower than that for W1 and W4 but higher than that for W2. W3 exhibited lower SRWC in 100-140 and 60-140 cm soil profiles at anthesis after SI and at maturity, respectively, but higher root length density in 60-100 cm soil profiles than W1, W2 and W4. Compared with W1, W2 and W4, photosynthetic and transpiration rates and stomatal conductance of flag leaves for W3 were significantly greater during grain filling, particularly at the mid and later stages. The total @entity0 at maturity, @entity0 in grain and leaves, post-anthesis @entity0 accumulation and its contribution to grain and grain filling duration were higher for W3. The 1000-grain weight, grain yield and water use efficiency for W3 were the highest. Therefore, treatment of increasing SRWC in the 0-40 cm soil profiles to 65% and 70% field capacities at jointing and anthesis (W3), respectively, created a suitable soil moisture environment for winter @entity1 production, which could be considered as a high yield and water-saving treatment in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China.

title: Dry Matter Production, Photosynthesis of Flag Leaves and Water Use in Winter XXXX Are Affected by Supplemental Irrigation in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 have significant effects on the geriatric population and the health care system. Prior studies have demonstrated both the safety of intravenous (IV) @entity5 and its efficacy in decreasing perioperative @entity6 consumption. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of scheduled IV @entity5 for perioperative @entity2 control on length of hospital stay, @entity2 level, @entity6 use, rate of missed physical therapy (PT) sessions, adverse effects, and discharge disposition in geriatric @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all @entity0 65 years and older admitted to a level I @entity1 center, who received operative treatment for a @entity3 over a 2-year period. Demographic data, in-hospital variables, and outcome measures were analyzed. Three hundred thirty-six consecutive @entity4 in 332 @entity0 met inclusion criteria. These @entity0 were divided into 2 cohorts. Group 1 (169 @entity4 ) consisted of @entity0 treated before the initiation of a standardized IV @entity5 perioperative @entity2 control protocol, and group 2 (167 @entity4 ) consisted of those treated after the protocol was initiated. RESULTS: Group 2 had a statistically significant shorter mean length of hospital stay (4.4 vs 3.8 days), lower mean @entity2 score (4.2 vs 2.8), lower mean @entity6 usage (41.3 vs 28.3 mg), lower rate of PT sessions missed (21.8% vs 10.4%), and higher likelihood of discharge home (7% vs 19%; P  <= .001). Use of IV @entity5 was also consistently and independently predictive of the same variables (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The utilization of scheduled IV @entity5 as part of a standardized @entity2 management protocol for geriatric @entity3 resulted in shortened length of hospital stay, @entity2 levels and @entity6 use, fewer missed PT sessions, and higher rate of discharge to home. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic level III.

title: Is Scheduled Intravenous XXXX Effective in the Pain Management Protocol of @entity3 ?

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 have significant effects on the geriatric population and the health care system. Prior studies have demonstrated both the safety of intravenous (IV) @entity5 and its efficacy in decreasing perioperative @entity6 consumption. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of scheduled IV @entity5 for perioperative @entity2 control on length of hospital stay, @entity2 level, @entity6 use, rate of missed physical therapy (PT) sessions, adverse effects, and discharge disposition in geriatric @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of all @entity0 65 years and older admitted to a level I @entity1 center, who received operative treatment for a @entity3 over a 2-year period. Demographic data, in-hospital variables, and outcome measures were analyzed. Three hundred thirty-six consecutive @entity4 in 332 @entity0 met inclusion criteria. These @entity0 were divided into 2 cohorts. Group 1 (169 @entity4 ) consisted of @entity0 treated before the initiation of a standardized IV @entity5 perioperative @entity2 control protocol, and group 2 (167 @entity4 ) consisted of those treated after the protocol was initiated. RESULTS: Group 2 had a statistically significant shorter mean length of hospital stay (4.4 vs 3.8 days), lower mean @entity2 score (4.2 vs 2.8), lower mean @entity6 usage (41.3 vs 28.3 mg), lower rate of PT sessions missed (21.8% vs 10.4%), and higher likelihood of discharge home (7% vs 19%; P  <= .001). Use of IV @entity5 was also consistently and independently predictive of the same variables (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The utilization of scheduled IV @entity5 as part of a standardized @entity2 management protocol for geriatric @entity3 resulted in shortened length of hospital stay, @entity2 levels and @entity6 use, fewer missed PT sessions, and higher rate of discharge to home. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic level III.

title: Is Scheduled Intravenous @entity5 Effective in the Pain Management Protocol of XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, cosmesis, and clinical outcome of intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOERT) delivered prior to lumpectomy for @entity0 . METHODS: From December 2008 to March 2012, 75 @entity0 @entity1 (ages 34-66 years) were treated with IOERT during breast conservative surgery. IOERT was delivered using a mobile linear accelerator. Suitable energy and applicator size were chosen to ensure coverage of the @entity3 with anterior and posterior margins of 1 cm and lateral margins of 2 cm. @entity1 with sentinel node @entity2 or younger than 40 years received 8 Gy as boost followed by post-operative external beam radiation therapy of 50 Gy/25F; the others had 15 Gy, prescribed to the 90% isodose depth. Adjuvant treatment consisted of chemotherapy (55 @entity1 ), hormonal therapy (59 @entity1 ), or combined chemotherapy and hormonal therapy (41 @entity1 ). The safety, cosmesis, and short-term outcome were evaluated. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 54 months (range: 30-66 months). Two (2.7%) @entity1 developed post-surgical @entity6 . Six (8.0%) @entity1 developed mild @entity0 . Eight (10.7%) @entity1 suffered from @entity4 . One (1.2%) @entity1 experienced a @entity5 . Sixteen (21.3%) @entity1 developed Grade 1 @entity7 . Forty-three (57.3%) @entity1 had an excellent cosmetic result and 23 (30.7%) had a good cosmetic result. Three @entity1 had an ipsilateral breast recurrence, with an actual 3-year local recurrence rate of 4.0%. One @entity1 had an ipsilateral axillary recurrence, resulting in a 3-year regional recurrence rate of 1.3%. No distant @entity2 or deaths were observed. The 3-year disease free survival was 94.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative electron radiation therapy delivered prior to lumpectomy is safe and feasible for selected @entity1 with @entity0 . Early side effects, cosmesis and short-term efficacy are acceptable, but a longer follow-up is needed for evaluation of late side effects and long-term outcome.

title: Intraoperative radiation therapy delivered prior to lumpectomy for XXXX : a single institution study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether or not to vaccinate one's @entity0 is one of the first health-related decisions parents have to make after their @entity0 's birth. For the past 20 years, the share of parents choosing not to immunize their @entity0 has increased in many countries, for various reasons. Among these, rumors affirming that vaccinations contain dangerous chemicals or might trigger severe @entity1 have negatively affected parental attitudes towards pediatric immunizations, particularly the vaccination against measles, mumps and @entity2 (MMR), raising a number of public health concerns. The primary aim of this qualitative study is to understand what drives parents' decision, giving special attention to vaccination literacy and psychological empowerment in such a context. METHODS: Twenty individual semi-structured interviews were conducted in the Canton of Ticino (Switzerland) between January and June 2014. @entity0 were either mothers or fathers of @entity0 less than 1 year old living in Switzerland. An inductive thematic analysis was performed to identify the main themes with regard to vaccination literacy and psychological empowerment in the MMR vaccination decision-making. RESULTS: Parents' reports yielded four main themes: (a) the paradox of the free choice, referring to the misinterpretation of current vaccination policies; (b) giving up the power, pointing at the outcomes of a low perceived competence; (c) a far-reaching decision, reflecting the importance attributed to the MMR choice and the different levels of impact the decision can have; (d) the demand for shared-decision making, referring to the parental needs in relation to the @entity0 's healthcare provider. CONCLUSION: Understanding what drives parents' management of their @entity0 's immunization schedule in terms of vaccination literacy and psychological empowerment can help health professionals to communicate more effectively with parents in order to facilitate an informed decision, and stakeholders to design tailored health education programs and materials. This can ultimately help increase the coverage of the MMR vaccination.

title: Addressing issues of vaccination literacy and psychological empowerment in the measles-mumps- XXXX (MMR) vaccination decision-making: a qualitative study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Limited animal and @entity0 studies have shown function, albeit inadequate, of implanted thyroid tissue in muscles. This work aimed to ascertain results in a larger number of @entity0 , finding practical method for implantation, studying the effect of changing weight of implant and effect of passage of time on its function. METHODS: Forty @entity0 had @entity2 . A piece of the excised gland was finely minced, mixed with saline as emulsion, and injected in thigh muscles. Twelve @entity0 had 5-g implants, while 28 @entity0 had 10-g implants. Four parameters were studied at 2 months, 6 months, and 12 months: @entity1 isotope uptake by the implant; thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH); free T3 (FT3); and free T4 (FT4). RESULTS: All autotransplanted thyroid tissue survived and functioned. After 12 months, mean values (   standard deviation) of isotope uptake, TSH, FT3, and FT4 of the 5-g implants were 0.44      0.16%, 27.74      30.4  UI/mL, 3.07      1.10 pg/mL, and 1.01      0.3  ng/dL, repectively. Those for the 10  g implants were 0.71      0.20%, 22.78      19.7  UI/mL, 3.92      1.2  pg/mL, and 1.05      0.3  ng/dL, repectively. Ten-gram implants showed significantly higher isotope uptake than 5-g. TSH, FT3, and FT4 significantly improved over the period of 1 year. CONCLUSION: Injection of thyroid tissue suspension is a simple method for thyroid autotransplantation. TSH was elevated in the majority to maintain normal or near normal thyroid hormones. Ten-gram implants showed higher isotope uptake than 5-g, although this difference was not reflected by @entity3 profile. The implant seemed to function better with the passage of time from 2 months to 12 months.

title: Technique and outcome of autotransplanting thyroid tissue after XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is the main cause of @entity2 in the elderly population. With the use of anti- @entity1 , the visual outcomes of exudative @entity3 @entity0 have been improved. This study was aimed at assessing the quality of life (QoL) of exudative @entity3 @entity0 treated with ranibizumab and at determining its drivers in a real-life setting. METHODS: We performed a national, cross-sectional, observational survey based on questionnaires sent to members of French associations relative to @entity3 between December 2012 and March 2013. @entity0 suffering from exudative @entity3 with at least one intravitreal injection of ranibizumab within the last 6 months were included. Demographics, @entity3 characteristics, visual acuity (VA) and past and ongoing treatments were collected. The 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) was self-administered. A multivariate model was used to identify QoL drivers. RESULTS: 416 questionnaires fulfilled the complete criteria for both QoL and cost analyses. The mean age of exudative @entity3 @entity0 was 78.0 years and bilateral involvement was reported in 60.4%. The overall mean QoL score was 53.4. Mental health, driving and role difficulties were the most widely affected domains. After bivariate analyses, long-term illness status, worse VA and higher number of unpaid aids were associated with worse QoL, with odds ratios of 2.4, 5.2 and 11.6, respectively. The mean cost per year and per @entity0 was 1,741 EUR. The main components of costs were aids and services and the purchase of visual equipment. CONCLUSIONS: The main predictors of QoL in exudative @entity3 @entity0 treated with ranibizumab are VA outcomes, home healthcare and social services provided to the @entity0 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Quality of Life in XXXX Suffering from Active Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The EQUADE Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Adult-onset @entity10 ( @entity10 ) has features that are distinct from that of @entity10 in pediatric @entity0 . The clinical records at the Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Hospital were reviewed. We retrospectively analyzed 34 @entity0 who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of @entity10 -2004. The median age of @entity0 was 60.0 (range 15-86). Underlying diseases were diagnosed in 17 @entity0 . They consisted of @entity6 (n=3), other @entity1 (n=3), @entity8 (n=4), @entity7 (n=3), @entity12 (n=3) and drug (n=1). Underlying diseases were not diagnosed in 17 @entity0 despite examination. The treatments were @entity4 (n=18), @entity5 + @entity3 ( @entity11 ) + @entity9 (n=4), multidrug chemotherapy (n=2), @entity4 and @entity11 (n=3). Eleven @entity0 died during observation. In a multivariate analysis, the significant predictor for @entity2 was age at onset (hazard ratio, 1.22; 95%CI, 1.02-1.44; P=0.027). Autopsy was performed in 4 cases, but the underlying disease remained unknown in 3 of those cases. Adult-onset @entity10 has high diversity and various outcomes. The mechanism of adult-onset @entity10 is not fully understood and further research is required.

title: Prognostic Factors and Outcomes of Adult-Onset XXXX : A Retrospective Analysis of 34 Cases.

answer: @entity10


abstract: The activity of 33 afferent vagal fibers arising from rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors in the lungs of 21 @entity4 was studied. These receptors were identified by their response to constant pressure hyperinflation and to negative pressure deflation of the lungs. The response was irregular bursts of action potentials with an adaptation index greater than 70% in 2s. Little or no activity was noted in these receptors during eupneic breathing. The conduction velocity of the afferent fibers from these receptors ranged from 3.1 to 57.1 m/s (mean = 20.2 +/- 5.1 SD). Receptors were stimulated by intravenous injection of @entity1 and also by vapors of @entity8 , @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity7 , and cigarette smoke. Stimulation by the inhalation of the vapors usually occurred in the absence of any change in tracheal pressure or even when the tracheal pressure became slightly lower than before vapor challenge, thus suggesting a direct action. If an increase in tracheal pressure occurred, the discharge of the receptor began well in advance. However, stimulation of the receptor by @entity1 was always accompanied by significant increases in tracheal pressure. @entity6 prevented the increase in tracheal pressures produced by @entity1 challenge. In addition, @entity6 blocked the response of rapidly adapting receptors to @entity1 as well. @entity6 had no effect on receptor response to the various vapors used in this study. Therefore, stimulation of rapidly adapting receptors by @entity1 seems to be dependent on an increase in tracheal pressure, while a direct action in indicated by several 'irritant' gases. The characteristics of the rapidly adapting receptors in @entity4 lungs are more closely related to the irritant receptor of the @entity0 and the cat than to the rapidly adapting receptors in lungs of @entity3 .

title: Characterization of intrapulmonary, rapidly adapting receptors of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cortical @entity7 with @entity8 has only rarely been reported in association with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Such reports also suggested that it is unresponsive to gluten-free diet. We present detailed electro-clinical characteristics of a new @entity12 with @entity8 . At our gluten/neurology clinic we have assessed and regularly follow up over 600 @entity0 with @entity1 due to @entity6 . We have identified 9 @entity0 with this syndrome. RESULTS: All 9 @entity0 (6 male, 3 female) experienced asymmetrical irregular @entity7 involving one or more limbs and sometimes face. This was often stimulus sensitive and became more widespread over time. Three @entity0 had a history of Jacksonian march and five had at least one secondarily generalised @entity4 . Electrophysiology showed evidence of cortical @entity7 . Three had a phenotype of @entity11 partialis @entity11 at onset. There was clinical, imaging and/or pathological evidence of cerebellar involvement in all cases. All @entity0 adhered to a strict gluten-free diet with elimination of gluten-related antibodies in most. However, there was still evidence of @entity10 in all, suggestive of @entity6 . Two died from @entity5 and one from @entity3 . Five @entity0 were treated with @entity9 and one in addition with rituximab and IV immunoglobulins. Their @entity8 and @entity10 improved but @entity7 remained the most disabling feature of their illness. CONCLUSIONS: This syndrome may well be the commonest neurological manifestation of refractory @entity2 . The clinical involvement, apart from @entity8 , covers the whole clinical spectrum of cortical @entity7 .

title: Myoclonus ataxia and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Between 1971 and 1978 @entity2 was observed in 14 @entity0 undergoing permanent pacemaker treatment. The causative microorganisms were: @entity3 (9), @entity6 (3), alfa-haemolytic streptococci + @entity7 (1), enterococci (1). In 4 @entity0 , a mural @entity4 of the right atrial wall surrounding the electrode was found at operation or autopsy. The interval between the preceding pacemaker operation and onset of @entity2 varied between 2 days and 23 months (median 2 months). In 5 @entity0 , the last operation before @entity2 was performed because of @entity1 in the pacemaker pocket or along the electrode. A probable portal of entry was found in 11 @entity0 . The electrode was the origin in 8, the pacemaker pocket in one, and a focus outside the pacemaker system in 2. Of the 6 @entity0 treated with antibiotics alone, 3 were cured, 2 died and one is still on treatment. Eight @entity0 underwent various surgical procedures in addition to the antibiotic treatment. In 4 the electrode was completely removed. In 2 of them cardiotomy during extracorporeal circulation had to be used. All of these @entity0 were cured. In 3 the pacemaker system was partially extracted. Only one of them was cured, one developed @entity5 and one died. Based on our experience, we now recommend that all foreign material should be removed, if possible, in the presence of @entity2 and/or @entity4 , and that parenteral antibiotic treatment should be given for at least 6 weeks.

title: XXXX and @entity4 --uncommon but serious complications in connection with permanent cardiac pacing.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Between 1971 and 1978 @entity2 was observed in 14 @entity0 undergoing permanent pacemaker treatment. The causative microorganisms were: @entity3 (9), @entity6 (3), alfa-haemolytic streptococci + @entity7 (1), enterococci (1). In 4 @entity0 , a mural @entity4 of the right atrial wall surrounding the electrode was found at operation or autopsy. The interval between the preceding pacemaker operation and onset of @entity2 varied between 2 days and 23 months (median 2 months). In 5 @entity0 , the last operation before @entity2 was performed because of @entity1 in the pacemaker pocket or along the electrode. A probable portal of entry was found in 11 @entity0 . The electrode was the origin in 8, the pacemaker pocket in one, and a focus outside the pacemaker system in 2. Of the 6 @entity0 treated with antibiotics alone, 3 were cured, 2 died and one is still on treatment. Eight @entity0 underwent various surgical procedures in addition to the antibiotic treatment. In 4 the electrode was completely removed. In 2 of them cardiotomy during extracorporeal circulation had to be used. All of these @entity0 were cured. In 3 the pacemaker system was partially extracted. Only one of them was cured, one developed @entity5 and one died. Based on our experience, we now recommend that all foreign material should be removed, if possible, in the presence of @entity2 and/or @entity4 , and that parenteral antibiotic treatment should be given for at least 6 weeks.

title: @entity2 and XXXX --uncommon but serious complications in connection with permanent cardiac pacing.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) affects    36% of Caucasian adults. Although considered highly heritable, the underlying genetic determinants are unclear. We conducted the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) aimed to identify genetic variants associated with @entity3 . METHODS: @entity3 was assessed in three Caucasian cohorts (n=2263, n=915 and n=1231 @entity0 , respectively). In each cohort, a GWAS was conducted using 2.5   M imputed SNPs. Mixed-effect regression with the additive genetic model adjusted for age, sex, weight and within-family correlations was used for both sex-specific and combined analyses. To combine GWAS results across cohorts, fixed-effect inverse-variance meta-analyses were used. Following meta-analyses, top-associated findings were also examined in an African American cohort (n=327). RESULTS: The proportion of @entity3 variance explained by genome-wide genotyped SNPs was 50% in @entity0 and 48% in @entity0 . A higher proportion of genetic determinants of @entity3 were sex specific. The most significantly associated SNP in @entity0 was @entity6 located on chr17q23-a24 near the @entity4 gene (p=0.000000546*10(-7)); the most significantly associated SNP in @entity0 was @entity7 located on chr13q14.1-q14.2 near the ESD gene (p=0.000000721*10(-7)). Genome-wide significant SNP-by-sex interaction was found for SNP @entity8 located on chr11p15.1 near the @entity5 gene (interaction p value =0.0000000041*10(-9)). The association signals diminished when combining @entity0 and @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of @entity3 are complex and strongly underlined by sex-specific interactions. The identified genetic variants imply contribution of biological pathways observed in @entity2 as well as new pathways, influencing skeletal development and @entity1 .

title: Genome-wide association meta-analyses to identify common genetic variants associated with XXXX in Caucasian and African Americans.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: We present a pilot series of @entity0 with @entity2 manipulated following a proximal periosteal nerve block with local anaesthesia. This is a novel technique which can be utilised in adults and @entity0 and is described herein. METHODS: With a median of 40  years (range 10-81 years), 42 @entity0 (16 @entity0 ) with distal radial and ulnar @entity2 were included. Of these @entity0 , 40 underwent periosteal blocks in the emergency room or @entity2 clinic; 2 were already inpatients. @entity2 were manipulated routinely and immobilised with plaster. Mobile fluoroscopy was not used for @entity0 in the emergency department or @entity2 clinic. RESULTS: Of the 42 @entity0 , 40 @entity0 (95  %) had successful @entity2 manipulation and did not require subsequent treatment. Two @entity0 (5  %) needed subsequent surgery, one for K-wire stabilisation of their @entity2 and the second for volar plate fixation. The procedure was described as painless in 35 (83  %) @entity0 (visual analogue scale/VAS score 0), with 6 (14  %) suffering minimal @entity1 (VAS 1-3). In the 12-16-year age group, 15 @entity0 (94  %) described the manipulation as painless; 1 @entity0 described the procedure as minimally painful. No additional @entity3 of any kind was given. There were no direct complications from any of the periosteal nerve blocks. CONCLUSIONS: Local anaesthetic periosteal nerve blocks injected proximally to the @entity2 sites are a simple and yet very effective new technique which provide good/excellent @entity3 and facilitate the reduction of distal radial and ulnar @entity2 .

title: Periosteal nerve blocks for distal radius and ulna XXXX manipulation-the technique and early results.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is considered to be an optimal surgical treatment option for @entity2 in the morbidly @entity1 @entity0 . Nevertheless, a subgroup of @entity0 suffer from recurrent or persistent @entity2 after their gastric bypass. Unfortunately, limited treatment options are available in these @entity0 . Fundoplication via mobilization of the remnant stomach and radiofrequency treatment of the lower esophageal sphincter have been described with some success. Our objective is to illustrate a safe and durable surgical option in the treatment of @entity0 with medically refractory @entity2 post-RYGB. METHODS: After placing five trocars in the usual position for a foregut laparoscopic surgery, a lysis of adhesions and standard dissection of the hiatus is performed. The anterior and posterior vagal nerves associated phrenoesophageal tissue bundles are identified. A primary crural repair with interrupted nonabsorbable sutures is performed. Four full-length nonabsorbable sutures are placed sequentially through the anterior and posterior phrenoesophageal bundle, posterior fundus and finally through the pre-aortic fascia. The repair is calibrated on a 44 French bougie. The sutures are tied from medial to lateral in the order of their placement under endoscopic guidance. RESULTS: No peri-procedural complications were encountered. Standard post-antireflux surgery clinical follow-up with the @entity0 completing a validated @entity2 clinical questionnaire at 1 and 6  months after the surgery demonstrated excellent @entity2 symptom control without any @entity3 . A pH study and EGD performed at 6  months post-Hill procedure show the absence of pathological reflux with an intact Hill mechanism. CONCLUSION: The Hill procedure is a valid treatment for the post-bariatric surgical @entity0 with @entity2 in which the gastric fundus is absent or inaccessible thus eliminating standard fundoplication as a reasonable option. This also represents a safe and durable treatment of @entity2 in this uniquely challenging @entity0 population.

title: Hill procedure for recurrent XXXX post-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 has a better chance of success if the hiatus is closed without @entity3 . This study attempts to answer the following questions: (1) What is the rate of @entity1 in @entity0 who undergo hiatal closure with diaphragmatic relaxing incisions? (2) Can biologic mesh be safely substituted for synthetic mesh as coverage of the relaxing incisions? METHODS: We identified all @entity0 who underwent @entity1 at our institution between 2007 and 2013 and reviewed their clinical records. Radiologic recurrence was identified by an experienced radiologist and defined as the presence of any abdominal contents located above the diaphragm on esophagram. Clinical recurrence was defined as little or no improvement in symptoms, the development of a new symptom, or the need for medical, endoscopic, or surgical treatment of postoperative symptoms. RESULTS: A minimum of 6  months of radiologic and clinical follow-up was available for 146 (40  %) @entity0 , including 16 with relaxing incisions. There were 66 (45  %) recurrent @entity2 on esophagram. There was no difference in the rate of recurrent @entity1 among the three groups: Primary closure of the hiatus (21/36 [58  %]), primary closure with biologic mesh reinforcement (36/94 [38  %]), and relaxing incision with biologic mesh reinforcement (9/16 [56  %]; p  =  0.428). Two reoperations were performed on @entity0 who underwent left relaxing incisions and developed symptomatic @entity4 through the left relaxing incisions. There were no complications associated with use of biologic mesh at the hiatus. CONCLUSIONS: Rate of recurrent @entity1 is similar between @entity0 who undergo diaphragmatic relaxing incisions and @entity0 who undergo primary hiatal closure. Relaxing incisions can be safely performed on either crus; however, biologic mesh should not be used to patch a left-sided relaxing incision due to the risk of developing a @entity4 .

title: The use of crural relaxing incisions with biologic mesh reinforcement during laparoscopic repair of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Our goal was to test the predictive value of high-attenuation material within the maxillary sinus for adjacent @entity2 . After IRB approval, all @entity1 facial CTs performed over a 5-month period at a level II @entity1 center were reviewed in consensus by three radiologists for the presence of facial @entity2 or high attenuation maxillary sinus opacity (>= 30HU, >= 40HU, or >= 50HU). Three classes of @entity2 were analyzed: any @entity2 , any @entity2 contiguous with the maxillary sinus, and only @entity2 not contiguous with the maxillary sinus. Statistics were calculated using two-by-two tables. A total of 844 cases were reviewed with 273 @entity0 having any @entity2 . There were 402 hemi-faces with any @entity2 and 62 hemi-faces with @entity2 contiguous with the maxillary sinus. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for any @entity2 (using the >= 40HU threshold) were 13, 99, 85, and 78  % respectively; for @entity2 contiguous with the sinus, these were 71, 99, 72, and 99  % respectively; and for only non-contiguous @entity2 , these were 2.3, 96, 13, and 80  %, respectively. We conclude that in this level II @entity1 population, lack of high attenuation maxillary sinus material nearly ruled out @entity2 in contiguity with the sinus. High-attenuation sinus material is only moderately predictive of a @entity2 contiguous with the maxillary sinus. Therefore, if after careful review a @entity2 is not identified, the radiologist should not be overly concerned that a @entity2 is being missed. High-attenuation sinus material is a poor marker for @entity2 not contiguous with the maxillary sinus.

title: Significance of post-traumatic maxillary sinus fluid, or lack of fluid, in a level II XXXX population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Lumax 740(  ) @entity1 ( @entity1 ) system in @entity0 undergoing a defined 1.5 Tesla (T) MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between November 2013 and April 2014, eighteen @entity0 (age range, 41-78 years; mean age, 64 years) implanted with a Lumax 740(  ) @entity1 system for at least 6 weeks before an MRI were enrolled into this single-center feasibility study. The local ethics committee approved the study before @entity0 gave written informed consent. @entity0 underwent defined MRI 1.5T of the brain and lower lumbar spine with three safety follow-up evaluations obtained during the 3-month study period. Data were analyzed descriptively. Study endpoints were the absence of either MRI and pacing system related serious adverse device effects (SADE), or of a ventricular pacing threshold increase >0.5V, or of an R-wave amplitude attenuation   <   50%, or of an R-wave amplitude   <   5.0 mV at 1-month follow-up. The assessment of safety and efficacy was supported by recording of all adverse events, changes in pacing threshold, R-wave sensing, pacing impedances and in battery status. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity0 completed the MRI and the follow-up period. As no SADE occurred, the SADE free rate was 100%. Freedom from ventricular pacing threshold increase was 100% (16/16; 95%CI: 82.9%; 100.0%). There were no significant differences between baseline and follow-up measurements of sensing amplitudes (-0.58        2.07 mV, P   =   0.239, -0.41        1.04 mV, P   =   0.133, and -0.25        1.36 mV, P   =   0.724, for immediately after, 1 month and 3 months after MRI scan, respectively) and pacing thresholds (-0.047        0.18   V, P   =   0.317, -0.019        0.11   V, P   =   0.490, and 0.075        0.19   V, P   =   0.070, for immediately after, 1 month and 3 months after MRI scan, respectively). Lead impedances after the MRI scan were significantly lower as compared with baseline values (-22.8        21.69   , P   =   0.001, -21.62        39.71   , P   =   0.040, and -33.68        57.73   , P   =   0.018, for immediately after, 1 month and 3 months after MRI scan, respectively). CONCLUSION: MRI scans in @entity0 with MRI conditional @entity1 system (Lumax 740(  ) ) are feasible and can be performed safely under defined conditions in a hospital setting.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2016;43:574-584.

title: Clinical safety of an MRI conditional implantable cardioverter defibrillator system: A prospective Monocenter XXXX -Magnetic resonance Imaging feasibility study (MIMI).

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Agriculture is an important source of emission of the greenhouse gas @entity2 ( @entity1 ). The observed differences in @entity1 emission among different varieties of agricultural crops can be a key factor for developing @entity1 emission reduction strategies. @entity1 emissions were estimated from three varieties of @entity0 viz. Sonalika, DBW 39, and K 0307 during 2010-2011 in an attempt to identify plant physiological and anatomical factors contributing to differences in gas emissions within the varieties. Sonalika was identified as a low @entity1 emitting variety and DBW 39 as high emitting when grown in a uniform field condition. The experiment was repeated in 2011-2012 selecting low emitting Sonalika and high emitting variety DBW 39 for further confirmation of the results obtained during the first year of experimentation. Important plant factors namely rate of photosynthesis and transpiration in flag leaf, stomatal frequency of adaxial flag leaf surface, and size of the xylem vessels (mean vessel size of node, stem, and root) were studied, and their relationship with @entity1 flux was worked out. A good correlation between transpiration and @entity1 flux was observed in this study. Scanning electron microscopic investigation revealed strong association of flag leaf stomatal frequency and xylem size with @entity1 emission. Sonalika, identified as low @entity1 emitting variety during both the years of study, also recorded higher grain yield due to its higher efficiency of photosynthate allocation toward the developing grains. The observed differences in @entity1 emission are considered to be due largely to genetic differences in the @entity0 genotypes.

title: XXXX emission and mitigation from @entity0 agriculture: association of physiological and anatomical characteristics of @entity0 genotypes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Agriculture is an important source of emission of the greenhouse gas @entity2 ( @entity1 ). The observed differences in @entity1 emission among different varieties of agricultural crops can be a key factor for developing @entity1 emission reduction strategies. @entity1 emissions were estimated from three varieties of @entity0 viz. Sonalika, DBW 39, and K 0307 during 2010-2011 in an attempt to identify plant physiological and anatomical factors contributing to differences in gas emissions within the varieties. Sonalika was identified as a low @entity1 emitting variety and DBW 39 as high emitting when grown in a uniform field condition. The experiment was repeated in 2011-2012 selecting low emitting Sonalika and high emitting variety DBW 39 for further confirmation of the results obtained during the first year of experimentation. Important plant factors namely rate of photosynthesis and transpiration in flag leaf, stomatal frequency of adaxial flag leaf surface, and size of the xylem vessels (mean vessel size of node, stem, and root) were studied, and their relationship with @entity1 flux was worked out. A good correlation between transpiration and @entity1 flux was observed in this study. Scanning electron microscopic investigation revealed strong association of flag leaf stomatal frequency and xylem size with @entity1 emission. Sonalika, identified as low @entity1 emitting variety during both the years of study, also recorded higher grain yield due to its higher efficiency of photosynthate allocation toward the developing grains. The observed differences in @entity1 emission are considered to be due largely to genetic differences in the @entity0 genotypes.

title: @entity2 emission and mitigation from XXXX agriculture: association of physiological and anatomical characteristics of @entity0 genotypes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Agriculture is an important source of emission of the greenhouse gas @entity2 ( @entity1 ). The observed differences in @entity1 emission among different varieties of agricultural crops can be a key factor for developing @entity1 emission reduction strategies. @entity1 emissions were estimated from three varieties of @entity0 viz. Sonalika, DBW 39, and K 0307 during 2010-2011 in an attempt to identify plant physiological and anatomical factors contributing to differences in gas emissions within the varieties. Sonalika was identified as a low @entity1 emitting variety and DBW 39 as high emitting when grown in a uniform field condition. The experiment was repeated in 2011-2012 selecting low emitting Sonalika and high emitting variety DBW 39 for further confirmation of the results obtained during the first year of experimentation. Important plant factors namely rate of photosynthesis and transpiration in flag leaf, stomatal frequency of adaxial flag leaf surface, and size of the xylem vessels (mean vessel size of node, stem, and root) were studied, and their relationship with @entity1 flux was worked out. A good correlation between transpiration and @entity1 flux was observed in this study. Scanning electron microscopic investigation revealed strong association of flag leaf stomatal frequency and xylem size with @entity1 emission. Sonalika, identified as low @entity1 emitting variety during both the years of study, also recorded higher grain yield due to its higher efficiency of photosynthate allocation toward the developing grains. The observed differences in @entity1 emission are considered to be due largely to genetic differences in the @entity0 genotypes.

title: @entity2 emission and mitigation from @entity0 agriculture: association of physiological and anatomical characteristics of XXXX genotypes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Eighty-four @entity1 included in the @entity5 Registry were reviewed. The age of diagnosis ranged from 10-44 years (mean, 21). Sixty-nine percent of @entity1 were less than or equal to 20 years of age. The left breast was affected slightly more often (52%) than the right (48%) when the lesion was unilateral. Two @entity1 had bilateral lesions. Patterns of menarche, marital history, parity, and use of birth control pills were not exceptional for @entity1 in this age group. No instance was found of maternal use of @entity2 during pregnancy. There were no instances of @entity3 developing after biopsy of @entity5 , but a newly diagnosed @entity1 had @entity3 arising from @entity5 . Two other examples of concurrent @entity3 were previously reported ( @entity4 in situ and contralateral @entity3 ). Particularly noteworthy is the finding that 26% of @entity1 wih information available reported that @entity0 had occurred in one or more female relatives. The major were older, secondary relatives (grandmothers, great aunts), although @entity0 (five cass) was also reported. The mothers of both @entity1 who had @entity3 associated with @entity5 had been treated for @entity0 . These findings, based on incomplete reporting, are cause for concern in two respects: the findings suggest that @entity5 may be a marker for @entity0 for the @entity1 's family, and they indicate a need for continued long-term follow-up of @entity5 @entity1 who may themselves be at increased risk.

title: XXXX of the breast and family history of @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Eighty-four @entity1 included in the @entity5 Registry were reviewed. The age of diagnosis ranged from 10-44 years (mean, 21). Sixty-nine percent of @entity1 were less than or equal to 20 years of age. The left breast was affected slightly more often (52%) than the right (48%) when the lesion was unilateral. Two @entity1 had bilateral lesions. Patterns of menarche, marital history, parity, and use of birth control pills were not exceptional for @entity1 in this age group. No instance was found of maternal use of @entity2 during pregnancy. There were no instances of @entity3 developing after biopsy of @entity5 , but a newly diagnosed @entity1 had @entity3 arising from @entity5 . Two other examples of concurrent @entity3 were previously reported ( @entity4 in situ and contralateral @entity3 ). Particularly noteworthy is the finding that 26% of @entity1 wih information available reported that @entity0 had occurred in one or more female relatives. The major were older, secondary relatives (grandmothers, great aunts), although @entity0 (five cass) was also reported. The mothers of both @entity1 who had @entity3 associated with @entity5 had been treated for @entity0 . These findings, based on incomplete reporting, are cause for concern in two respects: the findings suggest that @entity5 may be a marker for @entity0 for the @entity1 's family, and they indicate a need for continued long-term follow-up of @entity5 @entity1 who may themselves be at increased risk.

title: @entity5 of the breast and family history of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To evaluate the variation in investigator-delineated volumes and assess plans from the radiotherapy trial quality assurance (RTTQA) program of SCALOP, a phase II trial in locally advanced @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participating investigators (n=25) outlined a pre-trial benchmark case as per @entity1 protocol, and the accuracy of investigators' GTV (iGTV) and @entity2 (iPTV) was evaluated, against the trials team-defined gold standard GTV (gsGTV) and @entity2 (gsPTV), using both qualitative and geometric analyses. The median Jaccard Conformity Index (JCI) and Geographical Miss Index (GMI) were calculated. Participating @entity1 centers also submitted a radiotherapy plan for this benchmark case, which was centrally reviewed against protocol-defined constraints. RESULTS: Twenty-five investigator-defined contours were evaluated. The median JCI and GMI of iGTVs were 0.57 (IQR: 0.51-0.65) and 0.26 (IQR: 0.15-0.40). For iPTVs, these were 0.75 (IQR: 0.71-0.79) and 0.14 (IQR: 0.11-0.22) respectively. Qualitative analysis showed largest variation at the @entity0 edges and failure to recognize a peri-pancreatic lymph node. There were no major protocol deviations in @entity1 planning, but three minor @entity2 coverage deviations were identified. . CONCLUSIONS: SCALOP demonstrated considerable variation in iGTV delineation. RTTQA workshops and real-time central review of delineations are needed in future trials.

title: Comparison of investigator-delineated gross @entity0 volumes and quality assurance in XXXX : Analysis of the pretrial benchmark case for the SCALOP trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To evaluate the variation in investigator-delineated volumes and assess plans from the radiotherapy trial quality assurance (RTTQA) program of SCALOP, a phase II trial in locally advanced @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participating investigators (n=25) outlined a pre-trial benchmark case as per @entity1 protocol, and the accuracy of investigators' GTV (iGTV) and @entity2 (iPTV) was evaluated, against the trials team-defined gold standard GTV (gsGTV) and @entity2 (gsPTV), using both qualitative and geometric analyses. The median Jaccard Conformity Index (JCI) and Geographical Miss Index (GMI) were calculated. Participating @entity1 centers also submitted a radiotherapy plan for this benchmark case, which was centrally reviewed against protocol-defined constraints. RESULTS: Twenty-five investigator-defined contours were evaluated. The median JCI and GMI of iGTVs were 0.57 (IQR: 0.51-0.65) and 0.26 (IQR: 0.15-0.40). For iPTVs, these were 0.75 (IQR: 0.71-0.79) and 0.14 (IQR: 0.11-0.22) respectively. Qualitative analysis showed largest variation at the @entity0 edges and failure to recognize a peri-pancreatic lymph node. There were no major protocol deviations in @entity1 planning, but three minor @entity2 coverage deviations were identified. . CONCLUSIONS: SCALOP demonstrated considerable variation in iGTV delineation. RTTQA workshops and real-time central review of delineations are needed in future trials.

title: Comparison of investigator-delineated gross XXXX volumes and quality assurance in @entity3 : Analysis of the pretrial benchmark case for the SCALOP trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: We previously found that a multifaceted outreach intervention achieved 82  % annual adherence to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) screening with fecal occult blood testing (FOBT). This study assessed adherence to FOBT after a second outreach. METHODS: We followed 225 @entity0 in community health centers in Chicago, Illinois, who were randomized to the intervention group. Our primary analysis focused on 124 @entity0 who completed FOBT during the first outreach and were due again for annual FOBT; 90  % were Latino, 87  % preferred to speak Spanish, and 77  % were uninsured. Second outreach consisted of (1) a mailed reminder letter, a free @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with postage-paid return envelope, (2) automated phone and text messages, (3) automated reminders 2  weeks later if the @entity2 was not returned, and (4) a telephone call after 3  months. Our main outcome was completion of @entity2 within 6  months of the due date. We also analyzed the proportion of the original 225 @entity0 who were fully screened for @entity1 over the 2-year study period. RESULTS: A total of 88.7  % of @entity0 completed a @entity2 within 6  months of their second outreach. Over the 2  years since the first outreach, 71.6  % of the 225 @entity0 assigned to the intervention group were fully up to date on @entity1 screening, another 11.1  % had been screened suboptimally, and 17.3  % were inadequately screened or not screened. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to achieve high rates of @entity1 screening over a 2-year period for vulnerable populations using outreach with @entity2 as a primary strategy.

title: Two-year follow-up of the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention to improve adherence to annual XXXX screening in community health centers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidemiological surveillance is a key activity in @entity1 control and elimination in low-transmission and pre-elimination settings. Hence, sensitive tools for estimating @entity1 force of @entity0 are crucial. Serological markers might provide additional information in estimating force of @entity0 in low-endemic areas along with classical parasite detection methods. Serological markers can be used to estimate recent, past or present @entity1 exposure, depending on the used markers and their half-life. METHODS: An assay based on 14 Plasmodium-specific peptides, one peptide specific for @entity2 saliva protein and five Plasmodium-specific recombinant proteins was developed for the MAGPIX system, assessed for its performance, and applied on blood spots from 2000 individuals collected in the Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia. RESULTS: A significant correlation for the use of 1000 and 2000 beads/antigen/well as well as for the monoplex versus multiplex assay was observed for all antigens (p  <  0.05). For the majority of antigens, antigen-coupled beads were stable for at least 2  months. The assay was very reproducible with limited intercoupling, interplate and intraplate variability (mean RSD <15  %). Estimating seroconversion and seroreversion per antigen using reversible catalytic models and models allowing two seroconversion rates showed higher seroconversion rates in adults. CONCLUSION: The multiplex bead-based immunoassay was successfully implemented and analysis of field blood samples shows that changes detected in force of @entity0 vary according to the serological markers used. Multivariate analysis of the antibody responses and insights into the half-life of antibodies are crucial for improving the interpretation of these results and for identifying the most useful serological markers of past and recent @entity0 .

title: Implementation and application of a multiplex assay to detect XXXX -specific antibodies: a promising tool for assessing @entity1 transmission in Southeast Asian pre-elimination areas.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidemiological surveillance is a key activity in @entity1 control and elimination in low-transmission and pre-elimination settings. Hence, sensitive tools for estimating @entity1 force of @entity0 are crucial. Serological markers might provide additional information in estimating force of @entity0 in low-endemic areas along with classical parasite detection methods. Serological markers can be used to estimate recent, past or present @entity1 exposure, depending on the used markers and their half-life. METHODS: An assay based on 14 Plasmodium-specific peptides, one peptide specific for @entity2 saliva protein and five Plasmodium-specific recombinant proteins was developed for the MAGPIX system, assessed for its performance, and applied on blood spots from 2000 individuals collected in the Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia. RESULTS: A significant correlation for the use of 1000 and 2000 beads/antigen/well as well as for the monoplex versus multiplex assay was observed for all antigens (p  <  0.05). For the majority of antigens, antigen-coupled beads were stable for at least 2  months. The assay was very reproducible with limited intercoupling, interplate and intraplate variability (mean RSD <15  %). Estimating seroconversion and seroreversion per antigen using reversible catalytic models and models allowing two seroconversion rates showed higher seroconversion rates in adults. CONCLUSION: The multiplex bead-based immunoassay was successfully implemented and analysis of field blood samples shows that changes detected in force of @entity0 vary according to the serological markers used. Multivariate analysis of the antibody responses and insights into the half-life of antibodies are crucial for improving the interpretation of these results and for identifying the most useful serological markers of past and recent @entity0 .

title: Implementation and application of a multiplex assay to detect @entity1 -specific antibodies: a promising tool for assessing XXXX transmission in Southeast Asian pre-elimination areas.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-invasive imaging of @entity2 remains challenging. The aim of this study was to compare positron emission tomography (PET) and bioluminescence imaging (BLI) for the early detection of @entity2 in a @entity1 model. METHODS: Female @entity1 were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1*10(7) HSC45-M2-luc @entity3 cells. The cells were stably transfected with the gene coding for firefly luciferase. @entity0 development was monitored using PET and BLI and in two subgroups, on days 3 and 4 or on days 6 and 7 after @entity0 cell inoculation. @entity0 nodules found on post mortem examination served as the reference standard for evaluating the images. RESULTS: PET detected 58/82 lesions (sensitivity 71  %). This method detected all (100  %) nodules larger than 6  mm, 88  % of nodules in the range of >2-4  mm, and even 58  % of small nodules measuring only 1-2  mm. BLI identified a total of 40/82 lesions (sensitivity 49  %). The difference between PET and BLI was statistically significant at p   <   0.05 (PET/BLI chi-square 8.2). CONCLUSIONS: PET was more sensitive than BLI for the detection of early @entity2 in our @entity1 model. The sensitivity of BLI largely depended on the site of the lesions in relation to the imaging device.

title: Non-invasive XXXX in @entity1 using PET and bioluminescence imaging.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-invasive imaging of @entity2 remains challenging. The aim of this study was to compare positron emission tomography (PET) and bioluminescence imaging (BLI) for the early detection of @entity2 in a @entity1 model. METHODS: Female @entity1 were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1*10(7) HSC45-M2-luc @entity3 cells. The cells were stably transfected with the gene coding for firefly luciferase. @entity0 development was monitored using PET and BLI and in two subgroups, on days 3 and 4 or on days 6 and 7 after @entity0 cell inoculation. @entity0 nodules found on post mortem examination served as the reference standard for evaluating the images. RESULTS: PET detected 58/82 lesions (sensitivity 71  %). This method detected all (100  %) nodules larger than 6  mm, 88  % of nodules in the range of >2-4  mm, and even 58  % of small nodules measuring only 1-2  mm. BLI identified a total of 40/82 lesions (sensitivity 49  %). The difference between PET and BLI was statistically significant at p   <   0.05 (PET/BLI chi-square 8.2). CONCLUSIONS: PET was more sensitive than BLI for the detection of early @entity2 in our @entity1 model. The sensitivity of BLI largely depended on the site of the lesions in relation to the imaging device.

title: Non-invasive @entity2 in XXXX using PET and bioluminescence imaging.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Comorbidities and risk factors are associated with pediatric @entity7 . It is unknown whether pediatricians and dermatologists ask about, record, or counsel on pediatric @entity7 risk factors and comorbidities. The aim of our study was to assess the rate at which pediatricians and dermatologists inquire about, counsel on, and document pediatric @entity7 risk factors and comorbidities in a stable population. METHODS: This was a retrospective chart review from 2011 to 2013 in a large, @entity6 , the Marshfield Epidemiologic Study Area. @entity0 were @entity0 ages 18 years and younger with @entity7 . Rates of counseling and screening for pediatric @entity7 risk factors and comorbidities by pediatricians and dermatologists were determined. RESULTS: Thirty @entity0 qualified for the study. Data were collected on body mass index (BMI) and @entity3 exposure. Caregiver counseling rates on these factors were low; 66.7% and 60% did not receive counseling on BMI reduction or family member smoking cessation, respectively. Counseling on stress as a risk factor was performed at only one @entity0 's dermatology visit (3.3%). Lipid panels were collected for 40% of @entity0 and fasting @entity5 levels for 33.3% since the date of first @entity7 diagnosis. Blood pressure was collected for all @entity0 . Only 13.3% of @entity0 were counseled on the @entity7 comorbidity @entity4 , 10% on @entity2 , and 3.3% on @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Dermatologists and pediatricians have a low rate of counseling, documenting, and screening for pediatric @entity7 risk factors and comorbidities, suggesting that @entity7 comorbidity education is an aspect of the @entity0 visit that may need improvement. Pediatric @entity7 counseling and screening guidelines are needed.

title: Identifying Performance Gaps in Comorbidity and Risk Factor Screening, Prevention, and Counseling Behaviors of Providers Caring for XXXX with Psoriasis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Transcatheter @entity8 (TAVI) is an alternative treatment for @entity0 with severe @entity5 , inoperable or at high surgical risk. The purpose of this communication is to report the results of the experience of this new technique and compare them with literature. METHODS: Review of 17 @entity0 data with symptomatic severe @entity5 at high surgical risk or inoperable, treated with a transcatheter implantation aortic valve (TAVI) via femoral surgical access with Core Valve (Medtronic, EE.UU.) between September 2013 and July 2014. RESULTS: All @entity0 had severe @entity5 with a mean gradient of 46    14mmHg received CoreValveTM (Medtronic, USA). Half of @entity0 was performed under general anesthesia, the other half with regional and local anesthesia. In-hospital mortality was 11.7% and one @entity1 in follow-up from September 2013 until the time of preparing this report (5.9%).Total mortality at one year follow-up was 17.6%. The technical success rate was 82.4%, with an immediate post-implantation gradient of 5.4    3.4 mmHg. @entity2 I degree was observed in 5 @entity0 (29.4%); 2 @entity0 (11.7%) had @entity2 grade II. Post dilatation was made in 6 @entity0 (35.2%). We did not have any @entity4 . Permanent pacemaker implantation was needed in 6 @entity0 (35.2%). One @entity0 complicated with @entity7 , 2 had in-hospital @entity3 (11.7%), none had need for cardiac surgery; 2 @entity0 had major @entity6 complications that required transfusion. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with high surgical risk or inoperable, TAVI is a treatment option that improves life quality, survival and diminsh the need of hospitalizations. There can be some complications and even @entity1 , so that a proper @entity0 selection and a multidisciplinary team is needed and fundamental for a successful procedure.

title: [Experience of transcatheter XXXX in the Central Military Hospital].

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: While spinal instrumentations are becoming more common, the advantages of elective spinal implant removal remain ambiguous. We hypothesized that elective implant removal of the posterior spine is beneficial. METHODS: A retrospective study evaluated 137 consecutive @entity1 @entity0 with elective implant removal of the posterior spine. If additional cages were present, they were not removed. Primary outcomes were the change in pre- and post-operative @entity2 , fingertip-floor distance (FFD), and Cobb angles. Some secondary outcomes consisted of complications, @entity3 , and pelvic incidence (PI). Different stabilization approaches and cage sizes were compared. RESULTS: The presence and amount of @entity2 as well as the FFD showed significant improvement. There was no loss of reduction. @entity1 was observed in 9  %, but only 3  % needed revision. @entity4 were seen only in @entity0 (9  %) that had stand-alone posterior surgery. Larger cages were associated with @entity3 . An increased PI was associated with less post-operative @entity2 and decreased FFD. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, @entity1 @entity0 benefited from elective implant removal of the posterior spine due to lower presence and level of @entity2 , improved function and low revision rates; irrespective of an initial combined or stand-alone posterior approach or varying cage sizes. However, stand-alone posterior instrumentation may be accompanied by increased rates of fascial dehiscence surgeries and larger cages may lead to @entity3 . Increased PI may be associated with @entity2 after spinal implant removal.

title: The benefits of elective spinal implant removal: a retrospective study of 137 XXXX .

answer: @entity0