abstract: Although @entity0 cells express antigens recognizable to the immune system, @entity0 employ a number of diverse mechanisms aimed at subverting the host anti- @entity0 immune response. Tumor immune evasion pathways have been most thoroughly studied in solid @entity0 . However, emerging data has demonstrated that @entity0 of hematopoietic origin are also able to co-opt their local environment in order to escape immune attack. Activated T cells upregulate negative costimulatory receptors, such as @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Engagement of @entity6 or @entity4 with ligands expressed on @entity0 cells or professional antigen presenting cells results in down-regulation of effector T cell function and represents a potent mechanism of immune evasion across a number of human @entity0 . Antibodies which block @entity6 / @entity5 interactions have demonstrated remarkable activity in a number of solid @entity0 subtypes. Interestingly, recent data have demonstrated that in select subtypes of Hodgkin ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), the @entity6 ligands are over-expressed due to a genetic amplification of the loci encoding them. Other mechanisms of @entity5 over-expression in @entity1 have also been elucidated. Reports from early-phase clinical trials of @entity6 blockade have demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in @entity2 , and also appear active against some NHLs. We review the mechanisms of @entity5 expression in @entity1 and also the early results of anti- @entity6 therapy in this disease.

title: Update on checkpoint blockade therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Data regarding @entity1 among adolescent @entity0 presenting to urban @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are lacking. This article describes rates and correlates of @entity1 among adolescents screened in an urban @entity3 . METHODS: During a period of 1-year, a total of 1,576 @entity0 aged 14-18 years, self-administered a computerized survey (57.6% female, 59.3% African American). RESULTS: Among sexually active adolescents (60%), 12% reported four or more partners; of those, 45.3% reported using a condom all the time and 14.7% reported using substances before sex. Regression analyses examined correlates of @entity1 on the basis of demographics, violence, and substance use. Males and younger teens were more likely to report condom use than females and older teens. @entity0 with poor grades were more likely to have had sex and used substances before sex, and were less likely to report condom use. @entity0 reporting dating violence were more likely to have had sex and less likely to have used condoms, whereas @entity0 reporting peer violence and weapon carriage were more likely to report substance use before sex. Binge drinking and marijuana use were associated with all sex risk behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: The visit to an urban @entity3 may provide an opportunity to deliver interventions to address @entity1 among adolescents.

title: Sexual risk behaviors among teens at an urban emergency department: relationship with XXXX and substance use.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological profile of cardiac arrests and to determine factors associated with successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). DESIGN: Retrospective descriptive observational study. SITES: Badajoz city (Spain) and population attended by the Medical Emergency Unit of the Public Health System in that city. @entity0 : A study 359 cardiac arrests resuscitated between January 2002 and May 2009. RESULTS: Out of the cardiac arrests that ocurred in adults, 65.40% were male, the cause was not traumatic in 88%; 65.70% occurred in the @entity0 's home,and in 6% of the cases there had been basic life support. The higher success rate after was achieved in adult male @entity0 (OR: 0,43; CI 95%; 0.25-0.73; P=.002), whose rhythm was shockable (OR: 0,16; CI 95%: 0,09-0,27; P<.001) and when the start time of advanced life support was equal to or less than 10 minutes (OR: 0,22; CI 95%: 0,10-0,49; P<.001). In a multivariant analysis success of CPR was independently associated with male gender, initial shockable rhythm, and the onset of advanced life support within 10 minutes. Nine @entity0 were revived, but success was not achieved in any. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac arrests are more common in adults and in few cases CPR is previously performed. Male gender, an initial shockable rhythm, and the early initiation of advanced life support, are associated with higher success of CPR. There were few CPR performed in @entity1 in @entity0 , and the prognosis was more unfavorable.

title: [Analysis of care in XXXX in an emergency medical unit].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 is increasingly recognized, and risk factors have been identified. The placenta has been implicated as a potential contributor to @entity1 ; however, pathology has not been previously described. This case series systematically evaluates prenatal, maternal, and neonatal risk factors and describes placental pathology in 12 cases of @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We reviewed the Canadian @entity2 Registry from 1992 to 2006, which consists of 186 @entity1 @entity0 . Twelve @entity0 with symptomatic cerebral arterial @entity2 or sinovenous @entity3 had their placenta available for pathologic examination. Clinical presentation; maternal, prenatal, and neonatal risk factors for @entity1 ; and @entity0 outcome were collected retrospectively from @entity0 charts. Gross and microscopic placental pathology was described and classified into 4 pathologic categories. RESULTS: Of 12 @entity0 studied, 10 @entity0 were male, 5 @entity0 had arterial @entity2 , and 7 @entity0 had sinovenous @entity3 . Maternal risk factors were identified in 5 cases, prenatal risk factors in 10 cases, and neonatal risk factors in 10 cases. Placental lesions were present in 10 cases and were classified as thromboinflammatory process in 6 cases, sudden catastrophic event in 5 cases, decreased placental reserve in 3 cases, and stressful intrauterine environment in 2 cases. CONCLUSIONS: This study reviews detailed placental pathology in a selected cohort of @entity0 presenting near the time of delivery and correlates this with clinical presentation, outcome, and risk factors for @entity1 . Our results suggest that multiple risk factors are involved in @entity1 , and placental pathology may be a contributing factor. The implications of specific @entity4 remain to be determined with larger, case-controlled studies.

title: Placental pathology in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Knowledge of the atomic resolution structures of the respiratory enzymes from @entity0 mitochondria is likely to be essential for understanding the molecular basis of @entity0 diseases involving their dysfunction. Because they are membrane-bound multisubunit assemblies, the determination of their high resolution structures is a rather challenging undertaking. The greatest progress has been made with the @entity2 synthase. The structure of its catalytic domain, F1-ATPase, has been solved by X-ray crystallography at 2.8 A resolution. It supports a binding change mechanism of catalysis in intact @entity2 synthase in which the catalytic subunits are in different states of the catalytic cycle at any instant. Interconversion of the states may be achieved by rotation of an alpha-helical domain of the gamma-subunit relative to the alpha 3 beta 3 sub-assembly. The membrane domain of @entity2 synthase has been purified, and the stalk linking the catalytic and membrane domains has been reassembled in vitro from its constituent subunits. Considerable progress has also been made in analyzing the structure of @entity1 complex I. It has about 43 different subunits and 42 of them have been sequenced. All of the known prosthetic groups have been localized in its extrinsic membrane arm, which has been split away from the membrane subunits and purified. The next stage is to crystallize the domain and to solve its structure.

title: Determination of the structures of respiratory enzyme complexes from XXXX mitochondria.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of using resorbable plate and screw systems (RPSSs) compared with metal plate and screw systems (MPSSs) to treat @entity1 . DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea. @entity0 : Eighty-two @entity0 diagnosed as having zygomaticomaxillary fractures between February 1, 2004, and December 31, 2008. INTERVENTION: We used RPSSs in 56 @entity0 and MPSSs in 26 @entity0 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Complication rates. RESULTS: The 82 @entity0 included 72 males and 10 females aged 16 to 83 years. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 12 months. The complication rate was 7% (4 of 56) with RPSSs and 4% (1 of 26) with MPSSs. Using RPSSs, 2 @entity0 experienced device exposure and 1 accompanying @entity2 . With device exposure, the plates were removed. One @entity0 noted paresthesia in the premaxillary area. Using MPSSs, 1 @entity0 had a loosened metal screw; the other @entity0 had no problems. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the present experience, there are many advantages to RPSSs. Nevertheless, we should select the fixation system carefully depending on the @entity1 site and whether there is accompanying @entity2 . It is important to select the method that best fits the @entity0 's situation.

title: Resorbable skeletal fixation systems for treating XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: 2 series of models demonstrate the geometrical shape of the @entity0 @entity1 tali. We have changed step by step the shape of the 2 flanking articular facets of the @entity1 , the course of the edges of the @entity1 , and the length of their radii, and so we have found a model responding to the biomechanic conditions of the @entity1 tali. The convex surface of this model (corresponding to the superior articular surface, i.e. the facies superior trochleae tali) is a torse, the medial flanking facet (corresponding to the medial articular facet of the @entity1 , i.e. the facies malleolaris medialis) is a flat cone, the lateral flanking facet (corresponding to the lateral articular facet of the @entity1 , i.e. the facies malleolaris lateralis) is a screwed (helicoidal) face. The resulting model shows the 2 completely different phases of motion in the ankle joint: During dorsiflexion (motion setting out from the neutral position towards the final position of dorsiflexion), the internal malleolus leads the talus, whereas the external malleolus is pushed outwards by the screwed lateral articular facet of the trocheal. The @entity1 is moved like a hinge. In the final position of dorsiflexion, the malleoli tightly embrace the 2 flanking facets of the @entity1 , whilst an obvious cleft appears dorsally and medially between the superior articular surface of the @entity1 and the tibial roof (i.e. the facies articularis inferior tibiae). During plantarflexion (motion setting out from the neutral position towards the final position of plantarflexion), the external malleolus leads the talus, whereas the medial articular facet of the @entity1 withdraws from the internal malleolus. The @entity1 is moved like a screw. In the final position of plantarflexion, the superior articular surface of the @entity1 closely contacts the tibial roof, whilst an obvious cleft appears between the medial articular facet of the @entity1 and the internal malleolus.

title: [Models of the geometry of the XXXX ankle bone pulley: two series of geometric models for demonstrating the biomechanics of the ankle joint].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the transdifferentiation relationship between eight types of liver cell during @entity0 liver regeneration (LR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 114 healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) @entity0 were used in this experimental study. Eight types of liver cell were isolated and purified with percoll density gradient centrifugation and immunomagentic bead methods. Marker genes for eight types of cell were obtained by retrieving the relevant references and databases. Expression changes of markers for each cell of the eight cell types were measured using microarray. The relationships between the expression profiles of marker genes and transdifferentiation among liver cells were analyzed using bioinformatics. Liver cell transdifferentiation was predicted by comparing expression profiles of marker genes in different liver cells. RESULTS: During LR hepatocytes (HCs) not only express hepatic oval cells (HOC) markers (including @entity6 , @entity2 and @entity11 ), but also express biliary epithelial cell (BEC) markers (including @entity9 and @entity8 ); BECs express both HOC markers (including @entity12 , @entity1 and @entity7 ) and HC markers such as @entity5 , TAT, @entity4 and @entity3 ; both HC markers ( @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity10 ) and BEC markers ( @entity9 and @entity8 ) were detected in HOCs. Additionally, some HC markers were also significantly upregulated in hepatic stellate cells ( HSCs), sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) , Kupffer cells (KCs) and dendritic cells (DCs), mainly at 6-72 hours post partial hepatectomy (PH). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that there is a mutual transdifferentiation relationship between HC, BEC and HOC during LR, and a tendency for HSCs, SECs, KCs and DCs to transdifferentiate into HCs.

title: Transcription Profiles of Marker Genes Predict The Transdifferentiation Relationship between Eight Types of Liver Cell during XXXX Liver Regeneration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the combination of @entity5 and prolonged oral @entity10 for response rate, survival, and @entity1 . The treatment regimen consisted of @entity10 (50 mg/m2/day) p.o. for 21 consecutive days and @entity5 (100 mg/m2) i.v. on day 1 every 28 days for up to six courses. @entity0 with Stage IIIB or IV @entity6 who had not received prior chemotherapy and had an ECOG performance status of 0-2 were eligible if they had normal bone marrow, @entity2 . @entity0 were followed weekly for @entity1 including complete blood counts. The total number of @entity0 entered in the study was 60, of whom 56 were male and four female, 40 white and 20 African Americans. Median age was 64 years (range, 39-77). Performance status 0, 1, and 2 was present in five, 39, and 16 @entity0 , respectively. Fourteen @entity0 had Stage IIIB and 46 Stage IV disease. A total of 142 treatment courses were administered (median 2, range 1-6). Three @entity0 had a complete response and 19 @entity0 had a partial response for an objective response rate of 37% (95% confidence interval, 31-43%). Median survival was 5 months (range, 1-39+). @entity7 was the major @entity1 with Grade 4 occurring in 25 @entity0 after the first course. The following percent of @entity0 experienced severe or life-threatening @entity9 (Grade 3 and 4 combined) over all courses: @entity8 , 73%; @entity7 , 73%; @entity3 , 42%; and @entity4 , 37%. Three @entity0 died of @entity7 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Phase II study of prolonged oral @entity10 in combination with intravenous XXXX in advanced @entity6 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the combination of @entity5 and prolonged oral @entity10 for response rate, survival, and @entity1 . The treatment regimen consisted of @entity10 (50 mg/m2/day) p.o. for 21 consecutive days and @entity5 (100 mg/m2) i.v. on day 1 every 28 days for up to six courses. @entity0 with Stage IIIB or IV @entity6 who had not received prior chemotherapy and had an ECOG performance status of 0-2 were eligible if they had normal bone marrow, @entity2 . @entity0 were followed weekly for @entity1 including complete blood counts. The total number of @entity0 entered in the study was 60, of whom 56 were male and four female, 40 white and 20 African Americans. Median age was 64 years (range, 39-77). Performance status 0, 1, and 2 was present in five, 39, and 16 @entity0 , respectively. Fourteen @entity0 had Stage IIIB and 46 Stage IV disease. A total of 142 treatment courses were administered (median 2, range 1-6). Three @entity0 had a complete response and 19 @entity0 had a partial response for an objective response rate of 37% (95% confidence interval, 31-43%). Median survival was 5 months (range, 1-39+). @entity7 was the major @entity1 with Grade 4 occurring in 25 @entity0 after the first course. The following percent of @entity0 experienced severe or life-threatening @entity9 (Grade 3 and 4 combined) over all courses: @entity8 , 73%; @entity7 , 73%; @entity3 , 42%; and @entity4 , 37%. Three @entity0 died of @entity7 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Phase II study of prolonged oral @entity10 in combination with intravenous @entity5 in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the combination of @entity5 and prolonged oral @entity10 for response rate, survival, and @entity1 . The treatment regimen consisted of @entity10 (50 mg/m2/day) p.o. for 21 consecutive days and @entity5 (100 mg/m2) i.v. on day 1 every 28 days for up to six courses. @entity0 with Stage IIIB or IV @entity6 who had not received prior chemotherapy and had an ECOG performance status of 0-2 were eligible if they had normal bone marrow, @entity2 . @entity0 were followed weekly for @entity1 including complete blood counts. The total number of @entity0 entered in the study was 60, of whom 56 were male and four female, 40 white and 20 African Americans. Median age was 64 years (range, 39-77). Performance status 0, 1, and 2 was present in five, 39, and 16 @entity0 , respectively. Fourteen @entity0 had Stage IIIB and 46 Stage IV disease. A total of 142 treatment courses were administered (median 2, range 1-6). Three @entity0 had a complete response and 19 @entity0 had a partial response for an objective response rate of 37% (95% confidence interval, 31-43%). Median survival was 5 months (range, 1-39+). @entity7 was the major @entity1 with Grade 4 occurring in 25 @entity0 after the first course. The following percent of @entity0 experienced severe or life-threatening @entity9 (Grade 3 and 4 combined) over all courses: @entity8 , 73%; @entity7 , 73%; @entity3 , 42%; and @entity4 , 37%. Three @entity0 died of @entity7 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Phase II study of prolonged oral XXXX in combination with intravenous @entity5 in advanced @entity6 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The posterolateral window is a suitable position for screw insertion. The aim of this study was to define this position for posterolateral screw insertion. METHODS: Fifteen adult cadaver ankles were used in this study. When the ankle was positioned in a neutral position, the posterolateral window was exposed. Height and width of the window were measured. Vertical distance from the center of the window to the lateral malleolus tip (LMT), horizontal distance from the center of the window to the lateral of the Achilles tendon ( @entity3 ), and horizontal distance from the lateral of the Achilles @entity1 (SN) were measured. Additionally, the anatomical relationships between the center of the window (the screw insertion point) and surrounding tissues were noted. RESULTS: The results indicated that the posterolateral window was bounded medially by the lateral tubercle of the posterior process of the talus (LTPT), laterally by the posterior border of lateral malleolar (PBLM), superiorly by the trochlear articular surface (TAS), and inferiorly by the posterior calcaneal facet (PCF). The height and width of the posterolateral window were 1.89  0.04 cm and 0.91  0.01 cm, respectively. LMT was 0.40  0.01 cm, @entity3 was 0.19  0.02 cm, and SN was 0.62  0.04 cm. The present data showed that posterior screw insertion may be a safer screw insertion technique for @entity0 . Performing the operation through the posterolateral window had no negative effect on surrounding tissues such as the @entity2 longus and posterior talofibular ligament tissues when the ankle joint was positioned in a neutral position. Additionally, the screw head should be countersunk to reduce intraoperative risk. CONCLUSION: The posterolateral window is a safer point for posterolateral screw insertion for @entity0 .

title: XXXX : anatomic landmarks of suitable position for posterolateral screw insertion.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the institution of a @entity5 -resistant @entity3 prevention protocol was associated with a decrease in @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 in long-term, acute care ventilator @entity0 . DESIGN: A retrospective chart review comparing the number of episodes of clinical @entity1 per @entity0 ventilator day in the 12 months preceding and 24 months following the introduction of the protocol. SETTING: University affiliated, long-term, acute care ventilator hospital. @entity0 : Long-term, acute care ventilated @entity0 who presented with clinical @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Addition of a @entity5 -resistant @entity3 prevention protocol. In addition to universal precautions, the protocol consisted of @entity6 2% ointment applied to the anterior nares, and whole body washing with @entity4 . All @entity0 were given @entity6 and @entity4 twice weekly. @entity0 were cohorted in the same room if they were, or had been, infected or colonized with @entity5 -resistant @entity3 in any anatomical location or at any time. This procedure replaced strict isolation of @entity5 -resistant @entity3 -infected or colonized individuals. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Clinical @entity1 was diagnosed when a @entity0 developed @entity2 , bronchorrhea, increased white blood cell count, @entity5 -resistant @entity3 isolated from the tracheal aspirate, and new or increasing infiltrate on chest roentgenograph. During the 12 months preceding the protocol, there were 0.2% episodes of @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 per ventilated @entity0 day compared with 0.026% in the 24 months after the protocol (p < .001). The relative and absolute risk reductions associated with the introduction of the protocol were 87% and 6, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The period following the institution of the protocol showed a significant reduction in episodes of clinical @entity1 compared with the 12-month period preceding the use of the protocol (p < .001). Thus, we conclude that the introduction of this protocol is associated with a significant decrease in @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 .

title: Significant reduction in XXXX -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 associated with the institution of a prevention protocol.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the institution of a @entity5 -resistant @entity3 prevention protocol was associated with a decrease in @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 in long-term, acute care ventilator @entity0 . DESIGN: A retrospective chart review comparing the number of episodes of clinical @entity1 per @entity0 ventilator day in the 12 months preceding and 24 months following the introduction of the protocol. SETTING: University affiliated, long-term, acute care ventilator hospital. @entity0 : Long-term, acute care ventilated @entity0 who presented with clinical @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Addition of a @entity5 -resistant @entity3 prevention protocol. In addition to universal precautions, the protocol consisted of @entity6 2% ointment applied to the anterior nares, and whole body washing with @entity4 . All @entity0 were given @entity6 and @entity4 twice weekly. @entity0 were cohorted in the same room if they were, or had been, infected or colonized with @entity5 -resistant @entity3 in any anatomical location or at any time. This procedure replaced strict isolation of @entity5 -resistant @entity3 -infected or colonized individuals. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Clinical @entity1 was diagnosed when a @entity0 developed @entity2 , bronchorrhea, increased white blood cell count, @entity5 -resistant @entity3 isolated from the tracheal aspirate, and new or increasing infiltrate on chest roentgenograph. During the 12 months preceding the protocol, there were 0.2% episodes of @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 per ventilated @entity0 day compared with 0.026% in the 24 months after the protocol (p < .001). The relative and absolute risk reductions associated with the introduction of the protocol were 87% and 6, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The period following the institution of the protocol showed a significant reduction in episodes of clinical @entity1 compared with the 12-month period preceding the use of the protocol (p < .001). Thus, we conclude that the introduction of this protocol is associated with a significant decrease in @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 .

title: Significant reduction in @entity5 -resistant XXXX ventilator-associated @entity1 associated with the institution of a prevention protocol.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the institution of a @entity5 -resistant @entity3 prevention protocol was associated with a decrease in @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 in long-term, acute care ventilator @entity0 . DESIGN: A retrospective chart review comparing the number of episodes of clinical @entity1 per @entity0 ventilator day in the 12 months preceding and 24 months following the introduction of the protocol. SETTING: University affiliated, long-term, acute care ventilator hospital. @entity0 : Long-term, acute care ventilated @entity0 who presented with clinical @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Addition of a @entity5 -resistant @entity3 prevention protocol. In addition to universal precautions, the protocol consisted of @entity6 2% ointment applied to the anterior nares, and whole body washing with @entity4 . All @entity0 were given @entity6 and @entity4 twice weekly. @entity0 were cohorted in the same room if they were, or had been, infected or colonized with @entity5 -resistant @entity3 in any anatomical location or at any time. This procedure replaced strict isolation of @entity5 -resistant @entity3 -infected or colonized individuals. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Clinical @entity1 was diagnosed when a @entity0 developed @entity2 , bronchorrhea, increased white blood cell count, @entity5 -resistant @entity3 isolated from the tracheal aspirate, and new or increasing infiltrate on chest roentgenograph. During the 12 months preceding the protocol, there were 0.2% episodes of @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 per ventilated @entity0 day compared with 0.026% in the 24 months after the protocol (p < .001). The relative and absolute risk reductions associated with the introduction of the protocol were 87% and 6, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The period following the institution of the protocol showed a significant reduction in episodes of clinical @entity1 compared with the 12-month period preceding the use of the protocol (p < .001). Thus, we conclude that the introduction of this protocol is associated with a significant decrease in @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated @entity1 .

title: Significant reduction in @entity5 -resistant @entity3 ventilator-associated XXXX associated with the institution of a prevention protocol.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This article estimates the frequency of cardiovascular (CV) events that occurred after diagnosis in a large Spanish cohort of @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and investigates the main risk factors for @entity6 . RELESSER is a nationwide multicenter, hospital-based registry of @entity9 @entity0 . This is a cross-sectional study. Demographic and clinical variables, the presence of traditional risk factors, and CV events were collected. A CV event was defined as a @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity2 , and/or @entity11 . Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the possible risk factors for @entity6 . From 2011 to 2012, 3658 @entity9 @entity0 were enrolled. Of these, 374 (10.9%) @entity0 suffered at least a CV event. In 269 (7.4%) @entity0 , the CV events occurred after @entity9 diagnosis (86.2% @entity0 , median [interquartile range] age 54.9 years [43.2-66.1], and @entity9 duration of 212.0 months [120.8-289.0]). @entity2 (5.7%) were the most frequent CV event, followed by @entity7 (3.8%) and @entity11 (2.2%). Multivariate analysis identified age (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.03 [1.02-1.04]), @entity3 (1.71 [1.20-2.44]), smoking (1.48 [1.06-2.07]), @entity1 (2.2 [1.32-3.74]), @entity10 (2.18 [1.54-3.09]), neurolupus (2.42 [1.56-3.75]), valvulopathy (2.44 [1.34-4.26]), @entity12 (1.54 [1.09-2.18]), antiphospholipid antibodies (1.57 [1.13-2.17]), low complement (1.81 [1.12-2.93]), and @entity4 (1.47 [1.04-2.07]) as risk factors for CV events. We have confirmed that @entity9 @entity0 suffer a high prevalence of premature CV disease. Both traditional and nontraditional risk factors contribute to this higher prevalence. Although it needs to be verified with future studies, our study also shows-for the first time-an association between @entity1 and CV events in @entity9 @entity0 .

title: Cardiovascular Events in XXXX : A Nationwide Study in Spain From the RELESSER Registry.

answer: @entity9


abstract: To study number of procedures and time to diagnose @entity1 and factors affecting the timeliness of clinching this diagnosis. Retrospective cohort study of @entity1 @entity0 who consecutively underwent diagnostic bronchoscopy in 1 year (October 2013 to September 2014). Out of 101 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 from bronchoscopy, average time interval between first abnormal computed tomogram (CT) scan-to-1st procedure, 1st procedure-to-diagnosis, and 1st abnormal CT scan-to-diagnosis was 16    26, 11    19, and 27    33 days, respectively. These intervals were significantly longer in those requiring repeat procedures. Multivariate analysis revealed inconclusive 1st procedure to be the predictor of prolonged (>30 days) CT scan to diagnosis time (P = 0.04). Twenty-nine @entity0 (28.7%) required repeat procedures (n = 63). Reasons behind repeating the procedures were inadequate procedure (n = 14), inaccessibility of lesion (n = 9), inappropriate procedure (n = 5), mutation analysis (n = 2), and others (n = 2). Fifty had visible endo-bronchial lesion, 20 had positive bronchus sign, and 83 had enlarged mediastinal/hilar lymph-nodes or central masses adjacent to the airways. Fewer procedures, and shorter procedure to diagnosis time, were observed in those undergoing convex probe endobronchial ultrasound-transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) (P = 0.04). Most @entity0 exhibit enlarged mediastinal lymph node or mass adjacent to the central airway accessible by convex probe EBUS-TBNA. Hence, combining it with conventional bronchoscopic techniques such as bronchoalveolar lavage, brush, and forceps biopsy increases detection rate, and reduces number of procedures and time to establish diagnosis. This may translate into cost and resource savings, timeliness of diagnosis, greater @entity0 satisfaction, and conceivably better outcomes.

title: Timeliness of Diagnosing XXXX : Number of Procedures and Time Needed to Establish Diagnosis: Being Right the First Time.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have tested the hypothesis that @entity2 can be classified solely on the basis of epithelial cell morphology and that this distinction is prognostically useful. One @entity4 were classified according to the morphologic resemblance to cortical or medullary thymic epithelium and to the traditional classification (lymphocytic, epithelial, mixed, and spindled). Follow-up data was obtained on 78 @entity0 . Fifty-eight percent of the @entity1 were invasive. Nineteen of the invasive @entity1 relapsed and none of the non-invasive @entity1 relapsed (P less than .0001). Four of nine @entity1 with microscopic invasion through the capsule recurred. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in relapse-free survival for any of the histologic categories. Ninety-four percent of the @entity1 studied were keratin positive and all were chromogranin negative. Carcinoembryonic antigen was negative for all but one cytologically malignant @entity1 ; of the @entity1 75% were epithelial membrane antigen positive, 80% were @entity3 positive, and 11% were neuron specific enolase positive. Seven of 12 @entity1 tested expressed HLA-DR. There was no correlation between immunoreactivity and classification. The morphologic cortical/medullary distinction is conceptually attractive but appears clinically to be no more advantageous than the traditional classification.

title: Cortical versus medullary XXXX : a useful morphologic distinction?

answer: @entity2


abstract: In Lower Saxony approximately 3500 veterinarians were asked to fill in a questionnaire focused on the prevalence of @entity0 in @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity3 , the preferred control measures and the antiparasitic drugs in use. Although the disappointing low number of only 48 veterinarians that participated in this survey prevented any representative conclusions the following trends were remarkable: gastrointestinal strongyles were the most prevalent @entity6 in @entity1 (34.8%), @entity2 (28.0%), and @entity3 (42.3%). In @entity4 , ascarids were most often diagnosed (41.9%) followed by the strongyles (27.9%). @entity3 strongyles were stated as @entity6 causing problems by 40.0% of the veterinarians. Prophylactic measures are performed by most practitioners alone or in addition to therapy in the case of lungworms or gastrointestinal strongyles. Therapeutic application of anthelmintics is broadly in use against cestodes in @entity3 (65.0%) and @entity8 ( @entity1 : 41.7%, @entity2 : 33.3%, @entity3 : 57.1%). Benzimidazoles represent the dominating group of anthelmintics in @entity2 (78.3%), @entity3 (42.1%), and @entity4 (42.0%). In @entity1 , @entity5 (27.7%) and @entity9 (26.5%) are regularly used. The role of @entity10 is largely restricted to the control of helminths in @entity3 (24.2%) whereas @entity7 is stated as a frequently applied drug in @entity1 (20.5%), @entity4 (12.0%), and @entity2 (2.7%). The diagnosis of @entity6 relies generally on coproscopical examination (93.7%) which is mostly performed by the practitioners themselves (51.1%). In general, the traditional diagnostic tools are regarded as adequate. Approximately 50% of the practitioners declare their interest in a support of veterinary herd management by parasitological institutes.

title: [Inquiry of veterinarians in Niedersachsen concerning the occurrence of XXXX and their control in large animals].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Diagnosis of @entity2 , @entity4 , and mediastinal or celiac lymph nodes or masses is possible using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), but histological confirmation to differentiate between benign and @entity1 is still required. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new method of EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of intramural and @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From October 1991 to September 1994, EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy was carried out in 141 @entity0 with findings of mediastinal masses (18 cases), mediastinal lymph nodes (24 cases), @entity1 (seven cases), celiac lymph nodes (26 cases), large gastric folds with negative endoscopic biopsy (13 cases), @entity4 (43 cases), a small liver metastasis (five cases), @entity1 (four cases), and an adrenal metastasis (one case). The EUS examination was performed using a Pentax-Hitachi FG 32-UA system. RESULTS: A malignant @entity1 was diagnosed in 110 of the 141 @entity0 . EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration was positive in 85 cases. In 15 cases, an adequate specimen could not be obtained (10.6%). The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of @entity1 were 77.0% and 100%, respectively. Results were better for mediastinal masses (sensitivity 88%), mediastinal lymph nodes (81%), and celiac lymph nodes (80%) than for @entity4 (75%) or @entity1 (60%). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that EUS-guided fine-needle biopsy using a curved-array transducer represents a step forward in the tissue diagnosis of @entity3 .

title: Fine-needle aspiration cytology guided by endoscopic ultrasonography: results in 141 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: There have been recent calls for more evidence regarding effective antenatal and postnatal interventions to address the serious health risks of maternal @entity1 and associated childhood @entity1 . The Maternal and Early Years Healthy Weight Service (MAEYS) is an innovative service, delivered by specialist healthy weight advisors, for @entity1 @entity0 (BMI >= 30 kg/m2) during pregnancy and up to 2 years after delivery. The service focuses on healthy gestational weight gain, postpartum weight loss and establishing healthy @entity0 feeding and active play. MAEYS was adopted by six local health organizations in the U.K. as a 1 year pilot program. The aim of the present research was to assess the acceptability of this intervention among MAEYS @entity0 . METHODS: Semi-structured interviews with 20 @entity0 , with data analyzed thematically. RESULTS: High levels of acceptability were reported. The convenience and comfort of home visits, personalized advice on diet and physical activity, supportive approach of the healthy weight advisor and regular weight monitoring were all cited as advantages of the service. Service users suggested that more frequent contact with advisors and practical support such as recipes would improve the service. CONCLUSIONS: MAEYS is a novel, community-based intervention delivered in the home which has demonstrated acceptability to its recipients. It therefore shows promise as an early intervention to reduce the risks of maternal @entity1 and subsequently reduce childhood @entity1 . An evaluation of the efficacy of MAEYS in preventing excess gestational weight gain and losing weight postpartum is now needed.

title: Acceptability of a Weight Management Intervention for Pregnant and Postpartum XXXX with BMI >= 30 kg/m2: A Qualitative Evaluation of an Individualized, Home-Based Service.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recombinant antibody fragments have a wide range of applications in research, diagnostics and therapy. For many of these, small fragments like single chain fragment variables ( @entity4 ) function well and can be produced inexpensively in bacterial expression systems. Although @entity3 production systems are convenient, yields of different fragments, even those produced from codon-optimized expression systems, vary significantly. Where yields are inadequate, alternative production systems are needed. @entity6 is a versatile biosafety strain known for good expression of heterologous genes, so we have explored its utility as a cell factory for production of scFvs. RESULTS: We have generated new broad host range @entity4 expression constructs and assessed their production in the @entity6 host. Two scFvs bind either to @entity0 @entity1 or to @entity2 , proteins of significant medical diagnostic and therapeutic interest, whereas a third is a model anti-lysozyme @entity4 . The @entity6 antibody expression systems produce scFvs targeted to the periplasmic space that were processed precisely and were easily recovered and purified by single-step or tandem affinity chromatography. The influence of promoter system, codon optimization for @entity5 , and medium on @entity4 yield was examined. Yields of up to 3.5 mg/l of pure, soluble, active @entity4 fragments were obtained from shake flask cultures of constructs based on the original codon usage and expressed from the Ptac expression system, yields that were 2.5-4 times higher than those from equivalent cultures of an @entity3 expression host. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 is a good cell factory for the production of scFvs, and the broad host range constructs we have produced allow yield assessment in a number of different expression hosts when yields in one initially selected are insufficient. High cell density cultivation and further optimization and refinement of the @entity6 cell factory will achieve additional increases in the yields of scFvs.

title: Efficient production of soluble recombinant single chain Fv fragments by a XXXX cell factory.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is the treatment of choice for medication refractory @entity2 , but it does not benefit half of those put on it. There are numerous studies of potential post- @entity4 strategies, but little data to guide the order of such treatment in this common clinical challenge. We describe a naturalistic observational study in 153 @entity0 treated by a specialist @entity2 service to identify optimal pharmacotherapy practice, based on outcomes. METHODS: Medication and clinical data, based on the OPCRIT tool, were examined on admission and discharge from the national @entity2 service. The primary outcome measure was the percentage change in mental state examination symptoms between admission and discharge and the association with medication on discharge. Exploratory analyses evaluated the specificity of individual medication effects on symptom clusters. RESULTS: There were fewer drugs prescribed at discharge relative to admission, suggesting an optimisation of medication, and a doubling of the number of @entity0 treated with @entity4 . Treatment with @entity4 on discharge was associated with maximal decrease in symptoms from admission. In the group of @entity0 that did not respond to @entity4 monotherapy, the most effective drug combinations were @entity4 augmentation with 1) @entity7 , 2) @entity6 , 3) @entity10 , and 4) @entity5 . There was no support for a dose-response relationship for any drug combination. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 monotherapy is clearly the optimal medication in medication refractory @entity1 and it is possible to maximise its use. In @entity0 unresponsive to @entity4 monotherapy, augmentation with @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity10 and @entity5 , in that order, is a reasonable treatment algorithm. Reducing the number of ineffective drugs is possible without a detrimental effect on symptoms. Exploratory data indicated that @entity4 was beneficial across a range of symptoms domains, whereas @entity3 was beneficial specifically for @entity8 and @entity9 for comorbid affective symptoms.

title: Skating on thin ice: pragmatic prescribing for medication refractory XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Enamel cells are likely to experience heavy demands for intracellular @entity2 homeostasis during the secretion and hypermineralization of dental enamel. Here, the two major high-affinity @entity2 -binding proteins in @entity0 enamel epithelium were identified as calbindin28kDa and calmodulin, using a microscale approach. Both proteins were hyperabundant, totalling up to 2% of the soluble protein and surpassing the amounts in cerebellum, the benchmark tissue. Calbindin28kDa and calmodulin accounted for 26% of the total @entity2 -binding capacity in enamel cell cytosol, under near physiological conditions. Numerous calmodulin-binding proteins were detected with an overlay assay, indicating that calmodulin has multiple major targets in enamel cells. The @entity2 /calmodulin-regulated protein phosphatase, calcineurin, was identified as a principal calmodulin target constituting 0.1% of the soluble protein. Calmodulin and calcineurin were expressed constitutively, implying continued heavy usage of @entity2 /calmodulin-based and phosphorylation-based signalling events throughout enamel cell development. Calbindin28kDa, in contrast, was expressed at fourfold higher levels in secretion-phase cells than during the @entity2 -intensive hypermineralization phase, unexpectedly pointing to an important role associated with secretion. Supporting this notion, immunoblots revealed that 33% of total ( @entity1 -soluble) calbindin28kDa was in the particulate fraction and predominantly associated with the Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton. Solubilisation of cytoskeletal calbindin28kDa required high concentrations of @entity4 or @entity3 , indicating the existence of a high-affinity target ligand. The unusual abundance of calmodulin, calbindin28kDa and @entity5 demonstrated here provides the first molecular evidence that enamal cells possess a strong capability for intracellular @entity2 homeostasis. Since none of these proteins was up-regulated during enamel hypermineralization, it appears that other @entity2 -binding proteins are primarily involved in the putative transcellular passage of @entity2 .

title: Calbindin28kDa and calmodulin are hyperabundant in XXXX dental enamel cells. Identification of the protein phosphatase calcineurin as a principal calmodulin target and of a secretion-related role for calbindin28kDa.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between admission serum @entity3 ( @entity4 ) levels and risk of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in hospitalised @entity0 is limited. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of developing @entity2 in all hospitalised @entity0 with various admission @entity4 levels. METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study conducted at a tertiary referral hospital. All hospitalised adult @entity0 who had admission @entity4 available from January to December 2013 were analysed in this study. Admission @entity4 was categorised based on its distribution into six groups (less than 1.5, 1.5-1.7, 1.7-1.9, 1.9-2.1, 2.1-2.3 and greater than 2.3 @entity4 /dl). The primary outcome was in-hospital @entity2 occurring after hospital admission. Logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain the odds ratio of @entity2 of various admission @entity4 levels using @entity4 of 1.7-1.9 @entity4 /dl as the reference group. RESULTS: Of 9780 @entity0 enrolled, @entity2 occurred in 619 @entity0 (6.3%). The lowest incidence of @entity2 was when serum @entity4 within 1.7-1.9 @entity4 /dl. A U-shaped curve emerged demonstrating higher incidences of @entity2 associated with both @entity1 (< 1.7) and hypermagnesemia (> 1.9). After adjusting for potential confounders, both @entity1 (< 1.5 @entity4 /dl) and hypermagnesemia (> 2.3 @entity4 /dl) were associated with an increased risk of developing @entity2 with odds ratios of 1.69 (95% CI: 1.19-2.36) and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.02-1.91) respectively. CONCLUSION: Both admission @entity1 and hypermagnesemia were associated with an increased risk for in-hospital @entity2 .

title: Admission serum @entity3 levels and the risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between admission serum @entity3 ( @entity4 ) levels and risk of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in hospitalised @entity0 is limited. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of developing @entity2 in all hospitalised @entity0 with various admission @entity4 levels. METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study conducted at a tertiary referral hospital. All hospitalised adult @entity0 who had admission @entity4 available from January to December 2013 were analysed in this study. Admission @entity4 was categorised based on its distribution into six groups (less than 1.5, 1.5-1.7, 1.7-1.9, 1.9-2.1, 2.1-2.3 and greater than 2.3 @entity4 /dl). The primary outcome was in-hospital @entity2 occurring after hospital admission. Logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain the odds ratio of @entity2 of various admission @entity4 levels using @entity4 of 1.7-1.9 @entity4 /dl as the reference group. RESULTS: Of 9780 @entity0 enrolled, @entity2 occurred in 619 @entity0 (6.3%). The lowest incidence of @entity2 was when serum @entity4 within 1.7-1.9 @entity4 /dl. A U-shaped curve emerged demonstrating higher incidences of @entity2 associated with both @entity1 (< 1.7) and hypermagnesemia (> 1.9). After adjusting for potential confounders, both @entity1 (< 1.5 @entity4 /dl) and hypermagnesemia (> 2.3 @entity4 /dl) were associated with an increased risk of developing @entity2 with odds ratios of 1.69 (95% CI: 1.19-2.36) and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.02-1.91) respectively. CONCLUSION: Both admission @entity1 and hypermagnesemia were associated with an increased risk for in-hospital @entity2 .

title: Admission serum XXXX levels and the risk of @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: (1) Kinetics of activation and desensitization phases of the @entity0 -induced @entity1 current (ICl) were studied in isolated single neurones of Aplysia kurodai, using the 'concentration clamp' technique which combines internal perfusion and rapid exchange of the external solution within a few milliseconds (2) The dose-response curve for the peak ICl gave a dissociation constant of 6.7 X 10(-6) M and a Hill coefficient of 1.7. (3) The current-voltage relationship was linear in the voltage range examined (-70 to +30 mV). The reversal potential (EACh) was -7.1 +/- 1.8 mV (n = 14). The value was close to the calculated equilibrium potential for @entity1 ions (ECl). (4) The activation phase of the ICl was single exponential and the desensitization proceeded double exponentially to a steady state level. The time constants of both phases decreased with increasing concentrations of @entity0 but showed no potential dependency. The desensitizing component of the ICl was generated by activation of a single population of the receptor-channel complex. (5) The recovery from desensitization of the ICl induced by 6 X 10(-6) M @entity0 proceeded double exponentially, with time constants of 6.5 and 43 s at a holding potential of -30 mV. (6) Noise analysis performed on the steady state of ICl induced by low concentrations of @entity0 (3 X 10(-7) M to 3 X 10(-6) M) showed that the steady ICl was due to activation of a single population of the receptor-channel complex with a single channel conductance of 23.3 +/- 4.3 pS (n = 9).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Kinetic analysis of acetylcholine-induced XXXX current in isolated Aplysia neurones.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In order to evaluate whether changes in plasma phospholipid composition are rapidly transmitted to the red blood cell membrane (RBCM) under in vivo conditions, the levels of major phospholipids in plasma, low density and high density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) as well as in RBCM were determined before (pre), directly after (post) and 2 days after (48 h post) LDL apheresis in six @entity0 with severe hypercholesterolaemia. LDL apheresis induced a 30-70% decrease in plasma and LDL @entity1 and total phospholipid levels within 2-3 h. Concomitantly, the percentages of plasma @entity2 (PC) and the PC/ @entity3 (SM) ratio were increased compared to initial values. The percentage of plasma lyso PC (LPC) determined before apheresis in the @entity0 was 30% lower with respect to the mean level of LPC in a normolipidaemic control. For LPC of LDL no differences were observed between normolipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia. LDL apheresis induced a rise by about one third in the percentage of plasma LPC. At 48 h post, plasma @entity4 levels reapproached pre-apheresis levels, while the percentages of PC and the PC/SM ratio remained elevated. The pattern of changes induced by apheresis in plasma PC, SM and LPC levels was mimicked by changes in RBCM phospholipids. Strong positive relationships were noted for PC, SM and PC/SM as determined at pre, post and 48 h post between plasma and RBCM. In summary, changes in plasma PC, LPC, and PC/SM ratios as induced by LDL apheresis are rapidly transmitted to the RBCM under in vivo conditions, most probably as a result of phospholipid transfer between both compartments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Fast transmission of alterations in plasma @entity2 / XXXX ratio and lyso @entity2 levels into changes of red blood cell membrane phospholipid composition after low density lipoprotein apheresis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In order to evaluate whether changes in plasma phospholipid composition are rapidly transmitted to the red blood cell membrane (RBCM) under in vivo conditions, the levels of major phospholipids in plasma, low density and high density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) as well as in RBCM were determined before (pre), directly after (post) and 2 days after (48 h post) LDL apheresis in six @entity0 with severe hypercholesterolaemia. LDL apheresis induced a 30-70% decrease in plasma and LDL @entity1 and total phospholipid levels within 2-3 h. Concomitantly, the percentages of plasma @entity2 (PC) and the PC/ @entity3 (SM) ratio were increased compared to initial values. The percentage of plasma lyso PC (LPC) determined before apheresis in the @entity0 was 30% lower with respect to the mean level of LPC in a normolipidaemic control. For LPC of LDL no differences were observed between normolipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia. LDL apheresis induced a rise by about one third in the percentage of plasma LPC. At 48 h post, plasma @entity4 levels reapproached pre-apheresis levels, while the percentages of PC and the PC/SM ratio remained elevated. The pattern of changes induced by apheresis in plasma PC, SM and LPC levels was mimicked by changes in RBCM phospholipids. Strong positive relationships were noted for PC, SM and PC/SM as determined at pre, post and 48 h post between plasma and RBCM. In summary, changes in plasma PC, LPC, and PC/SM ratios as induced by LDL apheresis are rapidly transmitted to the RBCM under in vivo conditions, most probably as a result of phospholipid transfer between both compartments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Fast transmission of alterations in plasma XXXX / @entity3 ratio and lyso @entity2 levels into changes of red blood cell membrane phospholipid composition after low density lipoprotein apheresis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In order to evaluate whether changes in plasma phospholipid composition are rapidly transmitted to the red blood cell membrane (RBCM) under in vivo conditions, the levels of major phospholipids in plasma, low density and high density lipoproteins (LDL and HDL) as well as in RBCM were determined before (pre), directly after (post) and 2 days after (48 h post) LDL apheresis in six @entity0 with severe hypercholesterolaemia. LDL apheresis induced a 30-70% decrease in plasma and LDL @entity1 and total phospholipid levels within 2-3 h. Concomitantly, the percentages of plasma @entity2 (PC) and the PC/ @entity3 (SM) ratio were increased compared to initial values. The percentage of plasma lyso PC (LPC) determined before apheresis in the @entity0 was 30% lower with respect to the mean level of LPC in a normolipidaemic control. For LPC of LDL no differences were observed between normolipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemia. LDL apheresis induced a rise by about one third in the percentage of plasma LPC. At 48 h post, plasma @entity4 levels reapproached pre-apheresis levels, while the percentages of PC and the PC/SM ratio remained elevated. The pattern of changes induced by apheresis in plasma PC, SM and LPC levels was mimicked by changes in RBCM phospholipids. Strong positive relationships were noted for PC, SM and PC/SM as determined at pre, post and 48 h post between plasma and RBCM. In summary, changes in plasma PC, LPC, and PC/SM ratios as induced by LDL apheresis are rapidly transmitted to the RBCM under in vivo conditions, most probably as a result of phospholipid transfer between both compartments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Fast transmission of alterations in plasma @entity2 / @entity3 ratio and lyso XXXX levels into changes of red blood cell membrane phospholipid composition after low density lipoprotein apheresis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent research has addressed the hypothesis that religiosity/spirituality and sense of coherence buffer the negative effects of stress on numerous health issues. The aim of the current study was to further this work by exploring potential links between psycho-social factors such as religiosity/spirituality and sense of coherence with @entity1 . METHODS: A total number of 220 subjects of the SPILI III cohort (1988-2012) attending a primary care setting in the town of Spili on rural Crete represented the target group. All @entity0 underwent a standardized procedure. Validated questionnaires were used to evaluate sense of coherence, @entity1 levels and religious and spiritual beliefs. A multiple linear regression analysis of the Beck Depression Inventory Scale (BDI) in relation to demographic characteristics, scores on the Royal Free Interview for Spiritual and Religious Beliefs scale (RFI-SRB) and Sense of Coherence scale (SOC) was performed. RESULTS: A significant inverse association was found between BDI and RFI-SRB scale (B-coef =   -0.6999, p < 0.001), as well as among BDI and SOC scale (B-coef =   -0.556, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the current observational study indicate that highly religious @entity0 are less likely to score high in the @entity1 scale. Furthermore, @entity0 with high SOC scored significantly lower in the BDI scale. Further research is required in order to explore the potential effect of SOC and religiosity/spirituality on mental health.

title: Effect of religiosity/spirituality and sense of coherence on XXXX within a rural population in Greece: the Spili III project.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The onset of acute @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is accompanied by a rapid increase in electrical instability and often fatal @entity5 . The aim of this study was to assess the continuous @entity5 profile during the initial 48 hours after coronary artery ligation in the @entity1 in relation to time course, mortality, and @entity9 size. METHODS AND RESULTS: Continuous ECG recording were obtained in 26 conscious, untethered @entity1 for 24 hours before and 48 hours after coronary ligation by use of an implantable telemetry system. All episodes of @entity8 and @entity7 were counted and their durations summed. @entity9 size was measured at 48 hours after @entity4 or after spontaneous @entity2 . After ligation, two distinctly active arrhythmogenic periods developed (A1, 0 to 0.5 hours; A2, 1.5 to 9 hours), each followed by a quiescent phase of low ectopy (Q1, 0.5 to 1.5 hours; Q2, 10 to 48 hours). The total mortality rate of 65% was found within the two active periods, with 13 of 15 @entity2 occurring in A2. @entity1 with larger @entity9 (> or = 50%) and nonsurvivors tended to have increased @entity5 frequency and duration compared with both animals with smaller MIs (< 50%) and survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Two distinct arrhythmogenic periods occur in @entity1 with @entity4 that may be caused by different mechanisms and correspond to the bimodal @entity5 time course seen in @entity3 and @entity0 after @entity4 . Telemetric monitoring of the ECG in the conscious @entity1 after @entity9 will be useful in assessment of the differential effects of therapeutic interventions on these two arrhythmogenic periods and in the study of potential mechanisms for the spontaneous resolution of @entity10 and risk of @entity6 .

title: @entity5 and XXXX after coronary artery occlusion in the @entity1 . Continuous telemetric ECG monitoring in conscious, untethered @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The onset of acute @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is accompanied by a rapid increase in electrical instability and often fatal @entity5 . The aim of this study was to assess the continuous @entity5 profile during the initial 48 hours after coronary artery ligation in the @entity1 in relation to time course, mortality, and @entity9 size. METHODS AND RESULTS: Continuous ECG recording were obtained in 26 conscious, untethered @entity1 for 24 hours before and 48 hours after coronary ligation by use of an implantable telemetry system. All episodes of @entity8 and @entity7 were counted and their durations summed. @entity9 size was measured at 48 hours after @entity4 or after spontaneous @entity2 . After ligation, two distinctly active arrhythmogenic periods developed (A1, 0 to 0.5 hours; A2, 1.5 to 9 hours), each followed by a quiescent phase of low ectopy (Q1, 0.5 to 1.5 hours; Q2, 10 to 48 hours). The total mortality rate of 65% was found within the two active periods, with 13 of 15 @entity2 occurring in A2. @entity1 with larger @entity9 (> or = 50%) and nonsurvivors tended to have increased @entity5 frequency and duration compared with both animals with smaller MIs (< 50%) and survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Two distinct arrhythmogenic periods occur in @entity1 with @entity4 that may be caused by different mechanisms and correspond to the bimodal @entity5 time course seen in @entity3 and @entity0 after @entity4 . Telemetric monitoring of the ECG in the conscious @entity1 after @entity9 will be useful in assessment of the differential effects of therapeutic interventions on these two arrhythmogenic periods and in the study of potential mechanisms for the spontaneous resolution of @entity10 and risk of @entity6 .

title: XXXX and @entity2 after coronary artery occlusion in the @entity1 . Continuous telemetric ECG monitoring in conscious, untethered @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The onset of acute @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is accompanied by a rapid increase in electrical instability and often fatal @entity5 . The aim of this study was to assess the continuous @entity5 profile during the initial 48 hours after coronary artery ligation in the @entity1 in relation to time course, mortality, and @entity9 size. METHODS AND RESULTS: Continuous ECG recording were obtained in 26 conscious, untethered @entity1 for 24 hours before and 48 hours after coronary ligation by use of an implantable telemetry system. All episodes of @entity8 and @entity7 were counted and their durations summed. @entity9 size was measured at 48 hours after @entity4 or after spontaneous @entity2 . After ligation, two distinctly active arrhythmogenic periods developed (A1, 0 to 0.5 hours; A2, 1.5 to 9 hours), each followed by a quiescent phase of low ectopy (Q1, 0.5 to 1.5 hours; Q2, 10 to 48 hours). The total mortality rate of 65% was found within the two active periods, with 13 of 15 @entity2 occurring in A2. @entity1 with larger @entity9 (> or = 50%) and nonsurvivors tended to have increased @entity5 frequency and duration compared with both animals with smaller MIs (< 50%) and survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Two distinct arrhythmogenic periods occur in @entity1 with @entity4 that may be caused by different mechanisms and correspond to the bimodal @entity5 time course seen in @entity3 and @entity0 after @entity4 . Telemetric monitoring of the ECG in the conscious @entity1 after @entity9 will be useful in assessment of the differential effects of therapeutic interventions on these two arrhythmogenic periods and in the study of potential mechanisms for the spontaneous resolution of @entity10 and risk of @entity6 .

title: @entity5 and @entity2 after coronary artery occlusion in the XXXX . Continuous telemetric ECG monitoring in conscious, untethered @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The onset of acute @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is accompanied by a rapid increase in electrical instability and often fatal @entity5 . The aim of this study was to assess the continuous @entity5 profile during the initial 48 hours after coronary artery ligation in the @entity1 in relation to time course, mortality, and @entity9 size. METHODS AND RESULTS: Continuous ECG recording were obtained in 26 conscious, untethered @entity1 for 24 hours before and 48 hours after coronary ligation by use of an implantable telemetry system. All episodes of @entity8 and @entity7 were counted and their durations summed. @entity9 size was measured at 48 hours after @entity4 or after spontaneous @entity2 . After ligation, two distinctly active arrhythmogenic periods developed (A1, 0 to 0.5 hours; A2, 1.5 to 9 hours), each followed by a quiescent phase of low ectopy (Q1, 0.5 to 1.5 hours; Q2, 10 to 48 hours). The total mortality rate of 65% was found within the two active periods, with 13 of 15 @entity2 occurring in A2. @entity1 with larger @entity9 (> or = 50%) and nonsurvivors tended to have increased @entity5 frequency and duration compared with both animals with smaller MIs (< 50%) and survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Two distinct arrhythmogenic periods occur in @entity1 with @entity4 that may be caused by different mechanisms and correspond to the bimodal @entity5 time course seen in @entity3 and @entity0 after @entity4 . Telemetric monitoring of the ECG in the conscious @entity1 after @entity9 will be useful in assessment of the differential effects of therapeutic interventions on these two arrhythmogenic periods and in the study of potential mechanisms for the spontaneous resolution of @entity10 and risk of @entity6 .

title: @entity5 and @entity2 after coronary artery occlusion in the @entity1 . Continuous telemetric ECG monitoring in conscious, untethered XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Two groups of @entity0 with histologically proven @entity3 and @entity1 were studied. Group 1 comprised 28 @entity0 with an endogenous @entity4 clearance of 66ml/min, daily protein excretion of 1.7g. These @entity0 were maintained for eight to 18 months on a diet containing about 40Kcal/kg and 1g/kg of protein. Phosphorous and @entity2 intake were unrestricted. Group 2 had 32 @entity0 with a mean @entity4 clearance of 60ml/min and daily protein excretion of 1.8g. They followed no specific dietary regimen for six to 14 months. Their dietary calorie and protein intakes averaged 30Kcal/kg and 70g respectively. At the end of the observation period @entity4 clearance values of Group 1 averaged 74ml/min, the daily protein excretion amounted to 1.1g. Values for Group 2 averaged 53ml/min and 1.9g respectively. Moderate dietary restriction of protein alone results in improving @entity4 clearance values and a decreased protein excretion in the early stages of @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Effects of dietary protein restriction on the course of early XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In a 1993 study, M  lsted and colleagues found an increased width of the @entity4 compared with newborns with @entity3 . As the @entity1 represents remnants of the early chondrocranium that later ossifies and incorporates in the cranial base, it is possible that an inborn alteration, such as a deviant growth of cartilage, or a delayed maturation in the early development of the cartilaginous cranial base, can affect not only the length and the width of the cranial base, but also the petrous portion of the temporal bone and the nasal septum, as these structures also have a cartilaginous origin. The purpose of the present study was to measure the cranial base width, including the width of the maxilla, and to measure the bilateral angulation of the petrous portion of the temporal bone and the sphenoid bone in 3-month-old @entity0 with complete clefts and in 3-month-old @entity0 with an incomplete @entity4 , and to compare the two groups. Fifty-two @entity0 with complete clefts (CLP) without associated @entity2 comprised the test group. Forty-eight @entity0 with a minor, incomplete @entity4 ( @entity4 ) constituted the control group. The results of the comparison showed marked differences between the CLP and @entity4 groups. In the CLP @entity0 , the cranial base width and the bilateral angulation of the sphenoid bone increased. An increased angulation was also seen between left and right sides of the pars petrosa. Furthermore, increased maxillary width was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cranial base in newborns with XXXX : radiographic study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Although @entity7 administration produces reduction in size of @entity6 , its effect upon non-functional @entity3 is still uncertain. Nine @entity0 with macroadenomas, 2 of them with @entity6 and 7 with @entity1 , received @entity7 prior to transsphenoidal surgery. Size @entity1 mass was assessed by computerized tomography and by visual field examination before and following @entity7 treatment. There were no signs of size diminution or pathological changes in the non-functional @entity2 treated pharmacologically during 15 to 360 days. Both @entity0 with @entity6 had radiological evidence of size reduction and morphological changes on microscopic examination. These 2 @entity0 had @entity1 with prolactin granules (immunocytochemistry) and @entity2 cells showed reduced cytoplasmatic, nuclear and nucleolar areas. Neither @entity5 , cell necrosis, nor @entity4 was observed by electron microscopy. @entity0 with @entity1 as determined by immunocytochemistry and hormone production did not benefit from @entity7 . The suggestion that @entity7 can be used as primary treatment for non-functional @entity1 is not supported by the present study. Conversely, in cases of @entity6 , @entity7 is a useful pre-operative adjunct when surgery is planned and for those @entity0 in whom a surgical cure is considered difficult owing to the @entity1 size.

title: XXXX therapy as pre-operative adjunct of non-functional pituitary macroadenomas.

answer: @entity7


abstract: One of every four @entity0 in the Western industrialised nations has @entity2 . The perioperative setting in those @entity0 is associated with the risk of @entity3 (PMI) and @entity4 , and also with the risk of perioperative @entity1 and dysfunction of the central nervous system (CNS). Perioperative @entity2 represents a major healthcare challenge. The relevance of PMI is well documented. It has been demonstrated in early trials that both @entity3 and @entity6 are preventable in high-risk @entity0 undergoing surgery, and that therapeutic agents such as @entity5 -related agents, alpha 2-agonists, and other stress modulators can be safely administered to these @entity0 . Regarding perioperative @entity1 , approximately 3 to 7% of @entity0 undergoing @entity1 , with an additional 30% or more suffering in-hospital CNS dysfunction, and 10% suffering moderately severe long-term CNS dysfunction. Few data are available for noncardiac surgery. The number of outcome studies addressing prophylactic or therapeutic options in these @entity0 is quite limited. In fact, only one recent study has established that perioperative @entity1 is preventable with the use of an @entity5 -regulating agent. Thus, it appears that it may be possible to prevent @entity1 , even though these results require confirmation. Because of the aging of our population, and the medical, financial and social impact of @entity2 , the development of anti-ischaemic therapy, particularly in the surgical @entity0 , will be a critical area of medical research for the next several decades.

title: [ XXXX and anesthesia].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Gut colonisation with bifidobacteria in early infancy is essential for the well-being of the @entity0 . Gestational age and mode of delivery are among the factors influencing the colonisation process. The aim was to characterise the bifidobacterial composition in the gut of one-month-old full-term and pre-term Brazilian @entity0 , both being delivered vaginally or by caesarean section. Fourty nine Brazilian (Vi  osa, Minas Gerais state) one-month-old @entity0 were divided in two groups: full-term (n  =  24) and pre-term (n  =  25), and compared to each other. Each group was then characterised according to its mode of delivery. @entity0 stool samples were available for bifidobacterial characterisation by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. All study @entity0 were colonised by bifidobacteria. @entity1 colonised all full-term and pre-term newborns. Differences were observed in counts of @entity1 genus and @entity1 between full-term and pre-term @entity0 (8.8 log cells/g, IQR 7.9-9.1 vs. 7.1 log cells/g, IQR 6.6-8.6, p  =  0.02 and 8.3 log cells/g, IQR 6.7-9.1 vs. 6.4 log cells/g, IQR 6.1-6.7, p  =  0.001, respectively). Furthermore, the prevalence of @entity1 lactis differed between pre-term caesarean and pre-term vaginally born @entity0 (50.0% vs. 93.8%, p  =  0.023). Gut bifidobacterial composition of one-month-old full-term @entity0 differs from that of pre-term newborns in Vi  osa, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Gestational age is a factor influencing bacterial numbers and species, while mode of delivery have an impact on the prevalence and quantity of bifidobacteria in studied @entity0 . Bifidobacteria may have an impact on later health of the @entity0 and the species @entity1 and B. lactis might provide clues on the potential probiotic applications in pre-term newborns at the risk of developing postnatal complications.

title: Gut XXXX microbiota in one-month-old Brazilian newborns.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the contribution of various individual characteristics and lifestyle factors on @entity3 ( @entity3 ) frequencies in @entity0 peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). These also included associations between plasma @entity1 and @entity2 and @entity3 frequencies. The study population consisted of 50 healthy, smoking and nonsmoking, male and female volunteers, ages 22-49. @entity3 frequencies in PBLs were significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. @entity3 frequencies correlated with variables of smoking habits and history, with the number of pack-years smoked correlating most strongly (r = 0.501; P < 0.001). Inverse but nonsignificant correlations were observed between plasma @entity1 and @entity2 levels and @entity3 frequencies in PBLs. In addition, with the use of multiple regression analysis, significant associations were found with age and possible occupational exposure after adjustment for smoking habits (r2 = 0.428; P = 0.0001). For males (n = 20), @entity3 frequencies were found to be associated significantly with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and possible occupational exposure (r2 = 0.485; P < 0.01). @entity3 frequencies in PBLs of females (n = 30) were associated positively with the number of pack-years smoked and age, and significantly inversely correlated with plasma @entity2 concentrations (r2 = 0.586; P = 0.0001). After exclusion of possible occupationally exposed @entity0 (n = 8) from the study population and adjustment for the effects of age and smoking behavior, a weak inverse correlation was found between plasma @entity2 and @entity3 frequencies (r = -0.286; P = 0.0732).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influence of smoking behavior in relation to plasma @entity1 and XXXX on sister chromatid exchanges in @entity0 peripheral blood lymphocytes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the contribution of various individual characteristics and lifestyle factors on @entity3 ( @entity3 ) frequencies in @entity0 peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). These also included associations between plasma @entity1 and @entity2 and @entity3 frequencies. The study population consisted of 50 healthy, smoking and nonsmoking, male and female volunteers, ages 22-49. @entity3 frequencies in PBLs were significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. @entity3 frequencies correlated with variables of smoking habits and history, with the number of pack-years smoked correlating most strongly (r = 0.501; P < 0.001). Inverse but nonsignificant correlations were observed between plasma @entity1 and @entity2 levels and @entity3 frequencies in PBLs. In addition, with the use of multiple regression analysis, significant associations were found with age and possible occupational exposure after adjustment for smoking habits (r2 = 0.428; P = 0.0001). For males (n = 20), @entity3 frequencies were found to be associated significantly with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and possible occupational exposure (r2 = 0.485; P < 0.01). @entity3 frequencies in PBLs of females (n = 30) were associated positively with the number of pack-years smoked and age, and significantly inversely correlated with plasma @entity2 concentrations (r2 = 0.586; P = 0.0001). After exclusion of possible occupationally exposed @entity0 (n = 8) from the study population and adjustment for the effects of age and smoking behavior, a weak inverse correlation was found between plasma @entity2 and @entity3 frequencies (r = -0.286; P = 0.0732).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influence of smoking behavior in relation to plasma XXXX and @entity2 on sister chromatid exchanges in @entity0 peripheral blood lymphocytes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the contribution of various individual characteristics and lifestyle factors on @entity3 ( @entity3 ) frequencies in @entity0 peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). These also included associations between plasma @entity1 and @entity2 and @entity3 frequencies. The study population consisted of 50 healthy, smoking and nonsmoking, male and female volunteers, ages 22-49. @entity3 frequencies in PBLs were significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. @entity3 frequencies correlated with variables of smoking habits and history, with the number of pack-years smoked correlating most strongly (r = 0.501; P < 0.001). Inverse but nonsignificant correlations were observed between plasma @entity1 and @entity2 levels and @entity3 frequencies in PBLs. In addition, with the use of multiple regression analysis, significant associations were found with age and possible occupational exposure after adjustment for smoking habits (r2 = 0.428; P = 0.0001). For males (n = 20), @entity3 frequencies were found to be associated significantly with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and possible occupational exposure (r2 = 0.485; P < 0.01). @entity3 frequencies in PBLs of females (n = 30) were associated positively with the number of pack-years smoked and age, and significantly inversely correlated with plasma @entity2 concentrations (r2 = 0.586; P = 0.0001). After exclusion of possible occupationally exposed @entity0 (n = 8) from the study population and adjustment for the effects of age and smoking behavior, a weak inverse correlation was found between plasma @entity2 and @entity3 frequencies (r = -0.286; P = 0.0732).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influence of smoking behavior in relation to plasma @entity1 and @entity2 on sister chromatid exchanges in XXXX peripheral blood lymphocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Little is known about the effects of tensile forces on osteoclastogenesis by @entity0 monocytes in the absence of mechanosensitive cells, including osteoblasts and fibroblasts. In this study we consider the effects of tensile force on osteoclastogenesis in @entity0 monocytes. The cells were treated with receptor activator of nuclear factor  kB ligand ( @entity4 ) to promote osteoclastogenesis. Then,expression and secretion of @entity2 were examined. @entity4 and the formation of osteoclasts during the osteoclast differentiation process under continual tensile stress were evaluated by Western blot. It was also found that -100  kPa or lower induces @entity4 -enhanced @entity3 -resistant acid phosphatase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, an increased tensile force raises the expression and secretion of @entity2 elevated by @entity4 , and is concurrent with the increase of @entity5 induction and nuclear factor kB activation. Overall, the current report demonstrates that tensile force reinforces @entity4 -induced osteoclastogenesis by retarding osteoclast differentiation. The tensile force is able to modify every cell through dose-dependent in vitro @entity4 -mediated osteoclastogenesis, affecting the fusion of preosteoclasts and function of osteoclasts. However, tensile force increased @entity5 expression. These results are in vitro findings and were obtained under a condition of tensile force. The current results help us to better understand the cellular roles of @entity0 macrophage populations in osteoclastogenesis as well as in @entity1 remodeling when there is tensile stress.

title: Tensile force on XXXX macrophage cells promotes osteoclastogenesis through receptor activator of nuclear factor  kB ligand induction.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 can trigger @entity8 , but the prevalence of @entity10 -induced @entity2 in CHF @entity0 is unknown.. We characterized @entity10 -induced and @entity9 -induced changes in myocardial perfusion and neurohormonal activation in CHF @entity0 with reduced LV function using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to precisely quantify segment-level myocardial perfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 34 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 (age 62  10 years) with CHF>3 months, ejection fraction<40% underwent both @entity9 and @entity10 myocardial perfusion SPECT on consecutive days. @entity10 consisted of anger recall (anger-provoking speech) followed by subtracting serial 7s). Presence and extent of @entity8 was quantified using the conventional 17 segment model. RESULTS: 68% of @entity0 had >= 1 @entity2 segment during @entity10 ; 81% during @entity9 . On segment-by-segment analysis, perfusion to @entity10 and @entity9 were highly correlated. No significant differences were found between any two time points for @entity14 , @entity3 , @entity11 , troponin, @entity1 , @entity15 , @entity12 , or CRP. However, @entity13 and @entity6 increased, and @entity7 decreased, between the stressor and 30 minutes post-stress.Left ventricular end diastolic dimension was 179  65 ml at rest and increased to 217  71 after @entity10 and 229  86 after @entity9 (p<0.01 for both). Resting end systolic volume was 129  60 ml at rest and increased to 158  66 after @entity10 (p<0.05) and 171  87 after @entity9 (p0.07), with no significant differences between @entity9 and @entity10 . Ejection fraction was 30  12 at baseline, 29  11 with @entity10 , and 28  10 with @entity9 (P = NS). CONCLUSION: There was high concordance between @entity2 perfusion defects induced by @entity9 and @entity10 , suggesting that @entity10 is equivalent to pharmacologic stress in eliciting clinically significant \myocardial perfusion defects in CHF @entity0 . @entity4 suggests clinically important changes with both conditions. Psychosocial stressors during daily life may contribute to the @entity2 burden of CHF @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: High Concordance Between Mental Stress-Induced and XXXX -Induced @entity8 Assessed Using SPECT in Heart Failure @entity0 : Hemodynamic and Biomarker Correlates.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 can trigger @entity8 , but the prevalence of @entity10 -induced @entity2 in CHF @entity0 is unknown.. We characterized @entity10 -induced and @entity9 -induced changes in myocardial perfusion and neurohormonal activation in CHF @entity0 with reduced LV function using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to precisely quantify segment-level myocardial perfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 34 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 (age 62  10 years) with CHF>3 months, ejection fraction<40% underwent both @entity9 and @entity10 myocardial perfusion SPECT on consecutive days. @entity10 consisted of anger recall (anger-provoking speech) followed by subtracting serial 7s). Presence and extent of @entity8 was quantified using the conventional 17 segment model. RESULTS: 68% of @entity0 had >= 1 @entity2 segment during @entity10 ; 81% during @entity9 . On segment-by-segment analysis, perfusion to @entity10 and @entity9 were highly correlated. No significant differences were found between any two time points for @entity14 , @entity3 , @entity11 , troponin, @entity1 , @entity15 , @entity12 , or CRP. However, @entity13 and @entity6 increased, and @entity7 decreased, between the stressor and 30 minutes post-stress.Left ventricular end diastolic dimension was 179  65 ml at rest and increased to 217  71 after @entity10 and 229  86 after @entity9 (p<0.01 for both). Resting end systolic volume was 129  60 ml at rest and increased to 158  66 after @entity10 (p<0.05) and 171  87 after @entity9 (p0.07), with no significant differences between @entity9 and @entity10 . Ejection fraction was 30  12 at baseline, 29  11 with @entity10 , and 28  10 with @entity9 (P = NS). CONCLUSION: There was high concordance between @entity2 perfusion defects induced by @entity9 and @entity10 , suggesting that @entity10 is equivalent to pharmacologic stress in eliciting clinically significant \myocardial perfusion defects in CHF @entity0 . @entity4 suggests clinically important changes with both conditions. Psychosocial stressors during daily life may contribute to the @entity2 burden of CHF @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: High Concordance Between Mental Stress-Induced and @entity9 -Induced XXXX Assessed Using SPECT in Heart Failure @entity0 : Hemodynamic and Biomarker Correlates.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 can trigger @entity8 , but the prevalence of @entity10 -induced @entity2 in CHF @entity0 is unknown.. We characterized @entity10 -induced and @entity9 -induced changes in myocardial perfusion and neurohormonal activation in CHF @entity0 with reduced LV function using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to precisely quantify segment-level myocardial perfusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 34 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 (age 62  10 years) with CHF>3 months, ejection fraction<40% underwent both @entity9 and @entity10 myocardial perfusion SPECT on consecutive days. @entity10 consisted of anger recall (anger-provoking speech) followed by subtracting serial 7s). Presence and extent of @entity8 was quantified using the conventional 17 segment model. RESULTS: 68% of @entity0 had >= 1 @entity2 segment during @entity10 ; 81% during @entity9 . On segment-by-segment analysis, perfusion to @entity10 and @entity9 were highly correlated. No significant differences were found between any two time points for @entity14 , @entity3 , @entity11 , troponin, @entity1 , @entity15 , @entity12 , or CRP. However, @entity13 and @entity6 increased, and @entity7 decreased, between the stressor and 30 minutes post-stress.Left ventricular end diastolic dimension was 179  65 ml at rest and increased to 217  71 after @entity10 and 229  86 after @entity9 (p<0.01 for both). Resting end systolic volume was 129  60 ml at rest and increased to 158  66 after @entity10 (p<0.05) and 171  87 after @entity9 (p0.07), with no significant differences between @entity9 and @entity10 . Ejection fraction was 30  12 at baseline, 29  11 with @entity10 , and 28  10 with @entity9 (P = NS). CONCLUSION: There was high concordance between @entity2 perfusion defects induced by @entity9 and @entity10 , suggesting that @entity10 is equivalent to pharmacologic stress in eliciting clinically significant \myocardial perfusion defects in CHF @entity0 . @entity4 suggests clinically important changes with both conditions. Psychosocial stressors during daily life may contribute to the @entity2 burden of CHF @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: High Concordance Between Mental Stress-Induced and @entity9 -Induced @entity8 Assessed Using SPECT in Heart Failure XXXX : Hemodynamic and Biomarker Correlates.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Over the last decade, use of @entity18 has become increasingly prevalent. This study aimed to describe typical aspects of @entity17 poisoning in order to better inform @entity0 care. METHODS: @entity17 poisoning cases reported to the Poison Control Center of Angers, France, from January, 2007 to December, 2013 were examined. Clinical findings were examined in 105 @entity0 , including @entity17 used, symptoms and final outcome. @entity0 were predominantly male (80%), with mean age 26  8 years. RESULTS: @entity16 (38%), @entity14 (18%) and @entity8 (14%) were the most commonly reported. Synthetic cathinones (10%) and the 2C series (7%) were also found. Substances most commonly associated with @entity17 poisoning were @entity7 (27%), @entity9 (20%) and @entity12 (9%). The most frequently reported symptoms included @entity4 and @entity11 (49%), @entity15 and @entity1 (41%), @entity6 (40%) and @entity3 (15%). Complications such as @entity5 (7%), @entity10 (5%), @entity13 (1%) and @entity2 (1%) were also observed. Of the cases, the Poison Severity Score was: null or low, 66%, moderate, 21%, severe or fatal, 13%. Of the @entity0 , 77% received hospital care and 12.4% were admitted to an intensive care unit. Analytical confirmations were obtained for all severe cases. While 93% of @entity0 recovered, there were 5 deaths and 2 @entity0 presented with neurological sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: @entity17 poisonings may be severe in young and healthy individuals. Physicians, toxicologists and analysts should be aware of new @entity17 consumption trends in order to inform management of @entity0 care and to contribute to a more responsive drug policy.

title: Recreational XXXX poisonings reported to a French poison control center.

answer: @entity17


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article was to summarize the efficacy and safety of venous stents in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) including @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: We searched PubMed for case series (prospective and retrospective) that focused on venous stents in the treatment of @entity5 published between 1st January, 2000 and 15th July, 2014. Then, we analyzed the perioperative complications, subsequent antithrombotic treatment, clinical outcomes, and long-term patency of this procedure. RESULTS: Overall, 1987 @entity0 from 14 studies were included in our study. The incidence of the 30-day thrombotic events was 2.0% (4.0% in @entity7 vs. 0.8% in @entity2 , p   =   0.0002). The rates of access site complications and stent migration were 1.7% and 1.3%, respectively. The incidence of retroperitoneal @entity4 and contrast extravasation was 1.8%. Back @entity3 was more common with a rate of 62.9%. With stent placement, there was a significant @entity3 and @entity1 relief in @entity5 @entity0 and the clinical-etiology-anatomy-pathophysiology scores declined. The rate of @entity6 was 72.1% (70.3% in @entity7 vs. 86.9% in @entity2 , p   =   0.0022), and the @entity6 recurrence rate was 8.7%. The primary, assisted primary, and secondary patency rates were 91.4%, 95.0%, and 97.8%, respectively, at 12 months and 77.1%, 92.3%, and 94.3%, respectively, at 36 months; however, the patency rates in @entity7 were lower than those in @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Stents may be a relatively effective and safe approach for @entity7 and @entity2 @entity0 because of the low incidence of perioperative complications and satisfying long-term patency. Some outcomes of stents in @entity2 @entity0 may be better than those in @entity7 @entity0 .

title: Stenting for XXXX : A current comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the mechanism of post-procedural cardiac biomarker (CB) rise following device implantation. BACKGROUND: A fully bioresorbable Absorb scaffold, compared with @entity6 -eluting metallic stents (EES), might  be associated with a higher incidence of periprocedural @entity1 . METHODS: In 501 @entity0 with stable or unstable @entity5 randomized to either Absorb (335 @entity0 ) or EES (n = 166) in the ABSORB II trial, 3 types of CB ( @entity4 kinase, @entity4 kinase-myocardial band, and troponin) were  obtained before and after procedure. Per protocol, periprocedural @entity2 (PMI) was defined as @entity4 kinase rise >2* the upper limit of normal with @entity4 kinase-myocardial band rise. RESULTS: Incidence of side branch occlusion and any anatomic complications assessed by angiography was similar between the 2 treatment arms (side branch occlusion: Absorb: 5.3% vs. Xience: 7.6%, p  = 0.07; any anatomic complication: Absorb: 16.4% vs. EES: 19.9%, p  = 0.39). Fourteen @entity0 who presented with recent  @entity2 at entry with normalized @entity4 kinase-myocardial band according to the protocol were excluded for post-CB analysis. The overall compliance for CB was 97.8%. The CB rise subcategorized in 7  different ranges was comparable between the 2 treatment arms. PMI rate was numerically higher in the Absorb  arm according to the per-protocol definitions, and treatment with overlapping devices was the only independent determinant of per-protocol PMI (odds ratio: 5.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.78 to 14.41, p  =  0.002). CONCLUSIONS: There were no differences in the incidence of CB rise and PMI between Absorb and EES. Device overlap might be a precipitating factor of @entity1 . (ABSORB II Randomized Clinical Trial: A Clinical Evaluation to Compare the Safety, Efficacy, and Performance of Absorb @entity6 Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold System Against Xience @entity6 Eluting Coronary Stent System in the Treatment of Subjects With @entity3 Caused by De Novo Native Coronary Artery Lesions [ABSORB II]; NCT01425281).

title: Incidence and Potential Mechanism(s) of  Post-Procedural Rise of Cardiac Biomarker  in @entity0 With Coronary Artery  Narrowing After Implantation of an  XXXX -Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold or @entity6 -Eluting Metallic Stent.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the mechanism of post-procedural cardiac biomarker (CB) rise following device implantation. BACKGROUND: A fully bioresorbable Absorb scaffold, compared with @entity6 -eluting metallic stents (EES), might  be associated with a higher incidence of periprocedural @entity1 . METHODS: In 501 @entity0 with stable or unstable @entity5 randomized to either Absorb (335 @entity0 ) or EES (n = 166) in the ABSORB II trial, 3 types of CB ( @entity4 kinase, @entity4 kinase-myocardial band, and troponin) were  obtained before and after procedure. Per protocol, periprocedural @entity2 (PMI) was defined as @entity4 kinase rise >2* the upper limit of normal with @entity4 kinase-myocardial band rise. RESULTS: Incidence of side branch occlusion and any anatomic complications assessed by angiography was similar between the 2 treatment arms (side branch occlusion: Absorb: 5.3% vs. Xience: 7.6%, p  = 0.07; any anatomic complication: Absorb: 16.4% vs. EES: 19.9%, p  = 0.39). Fourteen @entity0 who presented with recent  @entity2 at entry with normalized @entity4 kinase-myocardial band according to the protocol were excluded for post-CB analysis. The overall compliance for CB was 97.8%. The CB rise subcategorized in 7  different ranges was comparable between the 2 treatment arms. PMI rate was numerically higher in the Absorb  arm according to the per-protocol definitions, and treatment with overlapping devices was the only independent determinant of per-protocol PMI (odds ratio: 5.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.78 to 14.41, p  =  0.002). CONCLUSIONS: There were no differences in the incidence of CB rise and PMI between Absorb and EES. Device overlap might be a precipitating factor of @entity1 . (ABSORB II Randomized Clinical Trial: A Clinical Evaluation to Compare the Safety, Efficacy, and Performance of Absorb @entity6 Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold System Against Xience @entity6 Eluting Coronary Stent System in the Treatment of Subjects With @entity3 Caused by De Novo Native Coronary Artery Lesions [ABSORB II]; NCT01425281).

title: Incidence and Potential Mechanism(s) of  Post-Procedural Rise of Cardiac Biomarker  in @entity0 With Coronary Artery  Narrowing After Implantation of an  @entity6 -Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold or XXXX -Eluting Metallic Stent.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to evaluate the mechanism of post-procedural cardiac biomarker (CB) rise following device implantation. BACKGROUND: A fully bioresorbable Absorb scaffold, compared with @entity6 -eluting metallic stents (EES), might  be associated with a higher incidence of periprocedural @entity1 . METHODS: In 501 @entity0 with stable or unstable @entity5 randomized to either Absorb (335 @entity0 ) or EES (n = 166) in the ABSORB II trial, 3 types of CB ( @entity4 kinase, @entity4 kinase-myocardial band, and troponin) were  obtained before and after procedure. Per protocol, periprocedural @entity2 (PMI) was defined as @entity4 kinase rise >2* the upper limit of normal with @entity4 kinase-myocardial band rise. RESULTS: Incidence of side branch occlusion and any anatomic complications assessed by angiography was similar between the 2 treatment arms (side branch occlusion: Absorb: 5.3% vs. Xience: 7.6%, p  = 0.07; any anatomic complication: Absorb: 16.4% vs. EES: 19.9%, p  = 0.39). Fourteen @entity0 who presented with recent  @entity2 at entry with normalized @entity4 kinase-myocardial band according to the protocol were excluded for post-CB analysis. The overall compliance for CB was 97.8%. The CB rise subcategorized in 7  different ranges was comparable between the 2 treatment arms. PMI rate was numerically higher in the Absorb  arm according to the per-protocol definitions, and treatment with overlapping devices was the only independent determinant of per-protocol PMI (odds ratio: 5.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.78 to 14.41, p  =  0.002). CONCLUSIONS: There were no differences in the incidence of CB rise and PMI between Absorb and EES. Device overlap might be a precipitating factor of @entity1 . (ABSORB II Randomized Clinical Trial: A Clinical Evaluation to Compare the Safety, Efficacy, and Performance of Absorb @entity6 Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold System Against Xience @entity6 Eluting Coronary Stent System in the Treatment of Subjects With @entity3 Caused by De Novo Native Coronary Artery Lesions [ABSORB II]; NCT01425281).

title: Incidence and Potential Mechanism(s) of  Post-Procedural Rise of Cardiac Biomarker  in XXXX With Coronary Artery  Narrowing After Implantation of an  @entity6 -Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold or @entity6 -Eluting Metallic Stent.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 (NS)-loaded nanoparticles (NPNS) were prepared from @entity4 ( @entity2 ) and eventually coated with chitosan (NPNSCS). Nanoparticles (NP) were spherical with sizes 379  59nm for NPNS and 393  66nm for NPNSCS and zeta potentials of -15  3mV for NPNS to 10  4mV for NPNSCS, suggesting an efficient coating. Drug encapsulation rate was high (88  5% and 83  7% of added drug) for NPNS and NPNSCS, respectively. After NP washing and re-suspension, 98  2% and 99  1% of the drug initially entrapped remained associated to NP. NS was dispersed in amorphous state within the polymeric matrix. Two-fold dilution of NP with pH 7.4 PBS provoked no drug release. However, 30-40% NS was released after a 1/10 dilution. NPNSCS and NPNS diluted 1/100 reduced the encapsulated drug to around 30% and 70%, respectively. In contrast, 100% NS was released from NP under sink conditions in less than 2h. The permeability of free-NS (1-1.5*10(-5)cm/s) was compared with NPNS (NPNS=6.4-8.1*10(-6)cm/s and NPNSCS=5.5-7.0*10(-6)cm/s) using the PAMPA assay. The @entity0 of free-NS and NS in NP on model @entity1 cells PC-3 and DU-145 showed the highest cytotoxic effect with NPNSCS on PC-3 cells (IC50=89 M).

title: XXXX -loaded nanoparticles for the potential coadjuvant treatment of @entity1 .

answer: @entity3