abstract: @entity2 's milk sensitive @entity6 has been described several times but in spite of that, it is still a problem concerning the pathogenesis. Our study involves the @entity0 hospitalized from 1974 to 1984 in the First Department of Pediatrics, University of Modena. @entity0 were suffering from @entity7 . At the first biopsy each @entity0 showed @entity1 . All @entity0 had been fed fed with gluten. We have followed the protocol for @entity5 's diagnosis; we found proved 85% of cases, excluded 15%. These last cases may be considered as @entity2 's milk sensitive @entity6 . We catamnestically considered all the clinical and laboratory data of the two groups in the purpose of selecting significative parameters for a differential diagnosis. The data meaning fully different between the two groups resulted: family history of @entity3 , recurrent @entity4 in the stools, eosinophils in blood greater than 400/mm3 serum IgE value greater than 97 degrees P X (p less than 0.01). On the ground of recent studies the involvement of the cell-mediated immunity in @entity2 's milk sensitive @entity6 is supposed.

title: [Atrophy of the duodeno-jejunal mucosa in XXXX 's milk protein intolerance. Importance of cell-mediated immunologic factors].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Six dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technicians reviewed lateral images of the spine for deformed vertebrae. The images were acquired with a DXA scanner in 235 @entity0 referred for @entity2 assessment. The outcome was compared to findings on spinal radiographs assessed by two radiologists. Three DXA technicians performed acceptable or better in identifying @entity0 with fractured vertebrae. INTRODUCTION: This is the first study to evaluate the accuracy of @entity3 assessment (VFA) when used by DXA technicians as a triage test to select @entity0 with deformed vertebrae for spinal radiographs. METHODS: Lateral single-energy scans and radiographs of the thoracolumbar spine (T4-L4) were acquired in 235 @entity0 aged 65  years or more referred for @entity2 assessment. Six DXA technicians evaluated lateral scans using dedicated software. The DXA technicians were trained to identify deformed vertebrae, but they did not assess the aetiology of deformity. Two radiologists evaluated the radiographs and their consensus evaluation served as the reference test for @entity3 . The main outcome was sensitivity and specificity of the DXA technicians' identification of @entity0 with one or more @entity1 according to Genant's classification. RESULTS: The proportion of @entity0 with one or more @entity3 was 0.35. Sensitivity ranged from 0.61 to 0.83 and specificity ranged from 0.78 to 0.95 across the DXA technicians. In @entity0 with @entity1 on VFA, the mean probability of one or more @entity3 was 0.74 (range 0.66-0.86). Conversely, in @entity0 without such deformities, the mean probability of @entity3 was 0.14 (range 0.10-0.18). Accuracy was lower for grade I-III deformities for all the DXA technicians. CONCLUSION: Three of six DXA technicians achieved acceptable or better accuracy when using VFA to triage @entity0 with @entity1 for spinal radiographs. Heterogeneity between DXA technicians appears to be due to differences in subjective thresholds. VFA triage by DXA technicians to identify @entity0 with @entity3 is feasible.

title: Accuracy of densitometric XXXX assessment when performed by DXA technicians-a cross-sectional, multiobserver study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are slow-growing and often asymptomatic @entity3 that usually develop on the facial skin and may reach considerable size. We present an uncommon case of MAC arising on the hair-bearing scalp and discuss our experiences and considerations. CASE REPORT: A 58-year-old female was admitted with a histopathologically secured diagnosis of MAC of the temporal and occipital regions that had expanded to 10  *  12  cm. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an infiltration of the skin and the subcutaneous adipose tissue. No lymphatic or haematogenic @entity0 were detected. Therapy consisted of resecting the @entity1 and reconstructing the area by applying an anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap. Histopathological evaluation revealed clear, 1-cm margins and a @entity1 . One-year postoperative follow-ups showed no evidence of recurrence, while the outcome was aesthetically pleasing. CONCLUSION: When screening for @entity3 , careful attention must be paid to the scalp. Resection of MAC with clear margins is mandatory to minimize the risk of recurrence. In this case, applying an ALT perforator flap to a large defect of the hair-bearing scalp led to a very satisfying result; it should be considered in comparable cases.

title: Longtime undetected XXXX of the scalp: considerations and implications.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The National Institutes of Health @entity1 Scale (NIHSS) awards higher deficit scores for @entity2 in the dominant hemisphere when compared with otherwise similar @entity2 in the nondominant hemisphere. This has been shown to adversely affect @entity1 recognition, therapeutic decisions, and outcome. However, factors modifying the association between @entity2 side and deficit severity are incompletely understood. Thus, we sought to determine whether age and age-related @entity3 alter the relation between NIHSS deficit score and the side and volume of @entity2 . METHODS: We studied 238 @entity0 with supratentorial, nonlacunar @entity2 prospectively included in our @entity1 registry between January 2013 and January 2014. NIHSS deficit severity was assessed at the time of presentation. @entity2 volumes were assessed by manual planimetry on diffusion-weighted imaging. @entity3 burden was graded on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images according to the Fazekas scale and dichotomized to none-to-mild (0-2) versus severe (3-6). Multivariable linear regression with backward elimination was used to identify independent predictors of the admission NIHSS. RESULTS: Left-hemispheric @entity2 (P<0.001), severe @entity3 (P=0.001), their interaction term (P=0.005), @entity2 volume (P<0.001), and sex (P=0.013) were independently associated with the NIHSS deficit. Analysis of the individual NIHSS components showed that severe @entity3 was associated with an increase of the lateralizing components of the NIHSS in @entity0 with right-hemispheric @entity2 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity3 substantially attenuates the classic hemispheric lateralization of the NIHSS deficit by relating to greater NIHSS scores of components that are typically assigned to left hemisphere function.

title: Impact of @entity3 Burden on Hemispheric Lateralization of the National Institutes of Health XXXX Scale Deficit in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The National Institutes of Health @entity1 Scale (NIHSS) awards higher deficit scores for @entity2 in the dominant hemisphere when compared with otherwise similar @entity2 in the nondominant hemisphere. This has been shown to adversely affect @entity1 recognition, therapeutic decisions, and outcome. However, factors modifying the association between @entity2 side and deficit severity are incompletely understood. Thus, we sought to determine whether age and age-related @entity3 alter the relation between NIHSS deficit score and the side and volume of @entity2 . METHODS: We studied 238 @entity0 with supratentorial, nonlacunar @entity2 prospectively included in our @entity1 registry between January 2013 and January 2014. NIHSS deficit severity was assessed at the time of presentation. @entity2 volumes were assessed by manual planimetry on diffusion-weighted imaging. @entity3 burden was graded on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images according to the Fazekas scale and dichotomized to none-to-mild (0-2) versus severe (3-6). Multivariable linear regression with backward elimination was used to identify independent predictors of the admission NIHSS. RESULTS: Left-hemispheric @entity2 (P<0.001), severe @entity3 (P=0.001), their interaction term (P=0.005), @entity2 volume (P<0.001), and sex (P=0.013) were independently associated with the NIHSS deficit. Analysis of the individual NIHSS components showed that severe @entity3 was associated with an increase of the lateralizing components of the NIHSS in @entity0 with right-hemispheric @entity2 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Severe @entity3 substantially attenuates the classic hemispheric lateralization of the NIHSS deficit by relating to greater NIHSS scores of components that are typically assigned to left hemisphere function.

title: Impact of XXXX Burden on Hemispheric Lateralization of the National Institutes of Health @entity1 Scale Deficit in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: The use of HPV screening for the triage of ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) cytology results has been established as a sound standard by international trials whereas the data for other cytology findings are in part contradictory. There is a lack of long-term studies on the use of HPV triage in Germany. Materials and Methods: For the present study data from a primary HPV screening project involving @entity0 aged over 30 years, ongoing since 2006, and an epidemiological study on @entity0 aged between 20 and 27 years, ongoing since 2009, were used. Upon recruitment, all @entity0 underwent a smear test for cytology and screening for "high-risk" HPV using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2). If both tests were positive or if there were persisting remarkable cytology findings or a positive HPV test, then clarification by colposcopy was performed. Results: Altogether, among 282 @entity0 with @entity2 -p (ASC-US), @entity1 (ASC-H) or Pap IIID (LSIL + CIN2) and negative HPV test there was no case of CIN3+. Among the @entity0 under 30 years of age, however, 69% (ASC-US) to 85% (LSIL + CIN2) of the remarkable findings were HPV positive, also among the older @entity0 with Pap IIID, the 71% prevalence of HPV was too high for a triage and even without triage there was a 23% risk for CIN3+. On the other hand, of the @entity0 over 30 years old with ASC-US ( @entity2 -p) findings, only 21% were positive for HPV and the risk for CIN3+ in this group was high at 29%. Also for ASC-H ( @entity1 ) findings in the age group of over 30 years with an HPV prevalence of 56% there was an efficient triage for CIN3+. Discussion: In summary, the HPV triage of ASC-US ( @entity2 -p) findings in @entity0 aged over 30 years was found to be efficient; in contrast, LSIL + CIN2 (Pap IIID) findings in this age group justified an immediate referral to colposcopy whereas cytology control appeared to be sufficient for younger @entity0 .

title: Relevance of HPV Screening for Triaging Equivocal Cytology Findings in the XXXX -p, @entity1 and Pap IIID Groups - Results of Two Long-Term Studies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: The use of HPV screening for the triage of ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) cytology results has been established as a sound standard by international trials whereas the data for other cytology findings are in part contradictory. There is a lack of long-term studies on the use of HPV triage in Germany. Materials and Methods: For the present study data from a primary HPV screening project involving @entity0 aged over 30 years, ongoing since 2006, and an epidemiological study on @entity0 aged between 20 and 27 years, ongoing since 2009, were used. Upon recruitment, all @entity0 underwent a smear test for cytology and screening for "high-risk" HPV using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2). If both tests were positive or if there were persisting remarkable cytology findings or a positive HPV test, then clarification by colposcopy was performed. Results: Altogether, among 282 @entity0 with @entity2 -p (ASC-US), @entity1 (ASC-H) or Pap IIID (LSIL + CIN2) and negative HPV test there was no case of CIN3+. Among the @entity0 under 30 years of age, however, 69% (ASC-US) to 85% (LSIL + CIN2) of the remarkable findings were HPV positive, also among the older @entity0 with Pap IIID, the 71% prevalence of HPV was too high for a triage and even without triage there was a 23% risk for CIN3+. On the other hand, of the @entity0 over 30 years old with ASC-US ( @entity2 -p) findings, only 21% were positive for HPV and the risk for CIN3+ in this group was high at 29%. Also for ASC-H ( @entity1 ) findings in the age group of over 30 years with an HPV prevalence of 56% there was an efficient triage for CIN3+. Discussion: In summary, the HPV triage of ASC-US ( @entity2 -p) findings in @entity0 aged over 30 years was found to be efficient; in contrast, LSIL + CIN2 (Pap IIID) findings in this age group justified an immediate referral to colposcopy whereas cytology control appeared to be sufficient for younger @entity0 .

title: Relevance of HPV Screening for Triaging Equivocal Cytology Findings in the @entity2 -p, XXXX and Pap IIID Groups - Results of Two Long-Term Studies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: For two decades Vogelstein's model has been the paradigm for describing the sequence of molecular changes within protein-coding genes that would lead to overt @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This model is now too simplistic in the light of recent studies, which have shown that our genome is pervasively transcribed in RNAs other than mRNAs, denominated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The discovery that mutations in genes encoding these RNAs [i.e., microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs] are causally involved in @entity0 phenotypes has profoundly modified our vision of @entity0 molecular genetics and pathobiology. By exploiting a wide range of different mechanisms, ncRNAs control fundamental cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis and apoptosis: these data have also confirmed their role as oncogenes or @entity0 suppressors in @entity0 development and progression. The existence of a sophisticated RNA-based regulatory system, which dictates the correct functioning of protein-coding networks, has relevant biological and biomedical consequences. Different miRNAs involved in neoplastic and degenerative diseases exhibit potential predictive and prognostic properties. Furthermore, the key roles of ncRNAs make them very attractive targets for innovative therapeutic approaches. Several recent reports have shown that ncRNAs can be secreted by cells into the extracellular environment (i.e., blood and other body fluids): this suggests the existence of extracellular signalling mechanisms, which may be exploited by cells in physiology and pathology. In this review, we will summarize the most relevant issues on the involvement of cellular and extracellular ncRNAs in disease. We will then specifically describe their involvement in @entity1 pathobiology and their translational applications to @entity1 diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.

title: Non-coding landscapes of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few @entity2 and most soft tissue @entity2 cannot be detected on plain radiography. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect such occult @entity2 due to signal changes in bone marrow. In addition to excluding serious @entity2 , it can also identify tendon, ligament, cartilage and other soft tissue @entity2 and thus help in localizing the cause of morbidity. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the MRI imaging patterns in recent @entity1 (less than 4 weeks) following negative or inconclusive plain radiographs. To determine the role of MRI in recent fractures. RESULTS: Out of the 75 individuals with history of @entity2 of less than 4 weeks duration, @entity3 line was demonstrated in 16 @entity0 (21%) who had no obvious evidence of @entity1 on plain radiographs. Bone contusion or @entity4 of the bone was demonstrated in 39 (52%) @entity0 . This was the commonest abnormality detected in MRI. The remaining 20 @entity0 did not show any @entity2 to the bone on MR imaging however, @entity5 could be demonstrated in 12 (16%) @entity0 which show that the extent of @entity5 was relatively well demonstrated by MR imaging. The present study showed that occult @entity2 commonly occur at the Knee followed by Ankle, Wrist, Foot, Elbow, Leg, Hands, Hips _ Spine. CONCLUSION: The study showed that MR is efficient in the detection of occult @entity1 which are missed on radiography. Compared to radiographs, MRI clearly depicted the extent of @entity2 and associated soft tissue involvement. MRI demonstrates both acute and chronic @entity2 and also differentiates both, whereas radiography has poor sensitivity for acute @entity2 . Also, the soft tissue @entity2 like tendionous and @entity2 cannot be identified on radiographs.

title: Imaging Patterns in MRI in Recent XXXX Following Negative or Inconclusive Plain Radiographs.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIM: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of lacrimal gland is a rare @entity2 with @entity3 . There is sparse data to address optimum therapy for such @entity2 . So, the present study was aimed at evaluating the role of adjuvant three dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in cases of incomplete (R1) resection along with review of literature pertaining to management of lacrimal @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the demographic and treatment data of 10 biopsy proven @entity5 of lacrimal gland @entity0 , treated from December 2006 to June 2013. They were treated with radiotherapy following surgical resection. Eight @entity0 underwent gross total excision of the @entity2 mass (enbloc excision) followed by conformal radiotherapy to a dose of 60 Gray/30fractions/ 6 weeks. Two @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with palliative radiotherapy after biopsy. RESULTS: The median age was 32 years. There were equal numbers of male and female @entity0 . The median duration of symptoms was 7 months. At a median follow up of 21 months, eight @entity0 had no evidence of disease and had complete @entity2 response, two @entity0 worsened, and one of the two had systemic failure with bone @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Despite a small sample size and short follow, enbloc surgical excision with adjuvant radiotherapy is well tolerated and shows good control in @entity5 of lacrimal gland.

title: Adjuvant Radiotherapy with Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity0 antagonists were employed to examine whether or not @entity2 's postmortem bronchoconstriction is @entity0 dependent. First, a group of 17 young (3-4-week-old) animals were divided in three subgroups: control, @entity1 , and @entity5 ( @entity5 , an intracellular @entity0 antagonist). A second group of 12 mature (5-7-week-old) animals were divided into two subgroups: control and @entity1 . Baseline pressure-volume (P-V) curves were performed prior to cannulation of the pulmonary artery in the anesthetized, opened chested animal. The lungs of the animal were then perfused and P-V curves were obtained again at intervals for up to 60 min. @entity1 (10(-6) M) or TMB-8 (5 X 10(-4) M) was added to the perfusate in experimental groups. A temporal decrease in inflation volume (IV, the lung volume between transpulmonary pressure of 0 and 30 cm @entity3 during inflation) was used as an indicator of bronchoconstriction. In control subgroups, the decrease in IV was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in the young (29.5 +/- 12.9% baseline at 20 min) than in the mature animals (75.0 +/- 7.0% baseline at 20 min). @entity1 significantly alleviated (P less than 0.05) the decrease in IV in young animals at 15-30 min (58.6 +/- 8.4% baseline at 20 min) while TMB-8 (90.6 +/- 2.1% baseline at 20 min) prevented the decrease even further. @entity1 did not have a significant effect on IV in mature animals. These data suggest that the postmortem @entity4 is much more severe in young animals and that this severe constriction is @entity0 dependent.

title: XXXX dependency of massive postmortem bronchoconstriction in @entity2 lungs.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 antagonists were employed to examine whether or not @entity2 's postmortem bronchoconstriction is @entity0 dependent. First, a group of 17 young (3-4-week-old) animals were divided in three subgroups: control, @entity1 , and @entity5 ( @entity5 , an intracellular @entity0 antagonist). A second group of 12 mature (5-7-week-old) animals were divided into two subgroups: control and @entity1 . Baseline pressure-volume (P-V) curves were performed prior to cannulation of the pulmonary artery in the anesthetized, opened chested animal. The lungs of the animal were then perfused and P-V curves were obtained again at intervals for up to 60 min. @entity1 (10(-6) M) or TMB-8 (5 X 10(-4) M) was added to the perfusate in experimental groups. A temporal decrease in inflation volume (IV, the lung volume between transpulmonary pressure of 0 and 30 cm @entity3 during inflation) was used as an indicator of bronchoconstriction. In control subgroups, the decrease in IV was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in the young (29.5 +/- 12.9% baseline at 20 min) than in the mature animals (75.0 +/- 7.0% baseline at 20 min). @entity1 significantly alleviated (P less than 0.05) the decrease in IV in young animals at 15-30 min (58.6 +/- 8.4% baseline at 20 min) while TMB-8 (90.6 +/- 2.1% baseline at 20 min) prevented the decrease even further. @entity1 did not have a significant effect on IV in mature animals. These data suggest that the postmortem @entity4 is much more severe in young animals and that this severe constriction is @entity0 dependent.

title: @entity0 dependency of massive postmortem bronchoconstriction in XXXX lungs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. We investigated the validity of the two @entity3 items of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) from the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) database by comparing them with the German @entity3 questionnaire G  F. Methods. We investigated the association of the G  F with the @entity2 screening questions for both the sum score and the single items with correlation, contrast, principal component, and discriminant analysis in a sample of 161 @entity0 with chronic @entity2 . Results. @entity2 items and the G  F total score were significantly associated with a special focus on fear and @entity1 related @entity3 . Factor analysis of the G  F revealed the three factors "fear and @entity1 related @entity3 ," "hearing related problems," and "problems in quality of life." A discriminant analysis showed a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 71% of the @entity2 items for the establishment of @entity2 @entity0 subgroups with and without @entity3 . Discussion. Both @entity3 @entity2 items can serve as screening questions with respect to self-reported @entity3 in chronic @entity2 with a specific focus on fear and @entity1 related @entity3 . However, the multiple dimensions of @entity3 should be considered for diagnosis and treatment in both scientific and clinical contexts.

title: Validation of Screening Questions for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In order to avoid first-pass metabolism and to maintain therapeutically effective concentration of @entity2 (PL) for a prolonged time, ointments of PL were prepared and the percutaneous (p.c.) absorption was investigated in @entity0 . To describe the plasma PL concentration profile during repeated p.c. administrations, a simple pharmacokinetic model, including a first-order absorption process, was applied. The p.c. absorption of PL from both @entity1 (400:4000, 30:40, g/g) and @entity4 934 ointments was significantly increased by adding @entity3 (AZ). Effective plasma levels were sustained for about 10-20 h, but the absorption of PL from the macrogol ointment was relatively slow. The bioavailability of PL in the 5% PL @entity4 ointment with AZ was 13%. The plasma level of PL after application of @entity4 ointment was enhanced as PL was increased in the ointment, 3 to 5%. The repeated p.c. absorption studies were carried out by applying the 5% PL ointment daily for 3 d. The use of the pharmacokinetic model was justified by good agreement with the observed data after repeated applications of the ointment. Thus, the plasma PL concentration profile during repeated p.c. administrations can be predicted using the model.

title: The percutaneous absorption of XXXX and prediction of the plasma concentration.

answer: @entity2


abstract: This article describes one community hospital's response to the overwhelming needs of adolescents in central Iowa. It is based on the premise that many youths who have severe @entity1 do not effectively respond to various outpatient counseling measures, and are in need of some type of inpatient treatment. Most such programs are locked psychiatric units run by @entity0 or adolescent psychiatrists. In our case, those wards already in existence are filled to capacity and cannot respond to outside needs. Placing these youth on traditional medical adolescent wards does not work, since medical staff are usually not geared to deal with the many, ever-changing mental health needs of these @entity0 . Thus, we developed an unlocked adolescent inpatient unit with a pediatrician experienced in adolescent medicine as medical director; moreover, the program extensively utilizes psychologists, nurse-counselors, social worker-family therapists, recreation therapists, and other specialists. This program is a way for physicians trained in adolescent medicine and other appropriate @entity0 to contribute to the complex health needs of youth; it is preferable to do this rather than send all @entity1 teenagers away by referrals, as seems to happen in some cases. It is also an important way for physicians and other specialists to demonstrate their expertise--both the Society for Adolescent Medicine and American Academy of Pediatrics have advocated such a demonstration--and to give physicians important training in the medical and mental health care needs of youth. Finally, the Spectrum Unit program provides a meaningful way for the primary care physician to be involved in the inpatient treatment of @entity1 adolescent @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The behavioral medicine unit: a community hospital model for inpatient treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the different treatment options of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in adults is scarce. Large randomized trials cover only one treatment at early stage and suggest the superiority of @entity2 over placebo, of intravenous @entity4 over intravenous @entity6 or over intravenous @entity5 alone, and of intramuscular @entity3 over intravenous @entity4 . However, many @entity0 will not be treated successfully with the first treatment step. A large randomized trial covering the treatment of established status (ESETT) has just been funded recently by the NIH and will not start before 2015, with expected results in 2018; a trial on the treatment of refractory status with general anesthetics was terminated early due to insufficient recruitment. Therefore, a prospective multicenter observational registry was set up; this may help in clinical decision-making until results from randomized trials are available. METHODS/DESIGN: SENSE is a prospective, multicenter registry for @entity0 treated for @entity1 . The primary objective is to document @entity0 characteristics, treatment modalities and in-house outcome of consecutive adults admitted for @entity1 treatment in each of the participating centres and to identify predictors of outcome. Pre-treatment, treatment-related and outcome variables are documented systematically. To allow for meaningful multivariate analysis in the @entity0 subgroups with refractory @entity1 , a cohort size of 1000 @entity0 is targeted. DISCUSSION: The results of the study will provide information about risks and benefits of specific treatment steps in different @entity0 groups with @entity1 at different points of time. Thus, it will support clinical decision-making and, furthermore, it will be helpful in the planning of treatment trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION: DRKS00000725.

title: Making SENSE - Sustained Effort Network for treatment of XXXX as a multicenter prospective registry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Inflammatory signaling under pathological conditions like @entity1 and @entity0 has been extensively studied. Whether inflammatory signaling plays a role in physiology and development remains elusive. The review summarizes recent advances in inflammatory signaling with particular focus on how distinct inflammatory signaling regulates hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) development. Understanding the underlying mechanism of inflammatory signaling on HSC development may help to generate and/or expand a large number of functional HSCs for clinical application. RECENT FINDINGS: Like the hematopoietic progenitors, HSCs can be the first responders to @entity1 . An unexpected observation is that genes involved in innate immunity and inflammatory signaling are enriched in emerging HSCs and their niche during embryogenesis. Thus, inflammatory signaling may also play a role in HSC development in the absence of @entity1 and @entity0 . SUMMARY: Inflammatory signaling is not only an important regulator of HSCs in response to @entity1 , but also plays a previously unrecognized role in HSC development in the absence of @entity1 and @entity0 . The baseline inflammatory signaling can be activated to promote HSC development in cell autonomous and noncell autonomous manners. However, direct response of HSCs to inflammatory stimuli is not always advantageous and excessive chronic signaling can have negative effects on HSC regulation and function.

title: Unexpected role of inflammatory signaling in hematopoietic stem cell development: its role beyond XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: During a 7-year period (1980-1987), 161 @entity0 underwent emergency thoracotomy for penetrating @entity5 . Of these, 25 (15%) had @entity1 involving central pulmonary (hilar) vascular structures. Anterolateral thoracotomies were performed in 14 @entity0 because of unstable vital signs (ten) or @entity6 (four), and only two (14%) of these @entity0 survived. In seven of these @entity0 the incision was extended into a bilateral thoracotomy to provide better exposure for continued severe @entity4 , and all seven died. Of 11 relatively stable @entity0 having a posterolateral incision (ten) or a median sternotomy (one), only two (18%) died. Of 18 @entity0 in whom the initial procedure was hilar clamping, ten (63%) survived. In seven @entity0 an attempt was made to control the @entity4 before hilar clamping and only one (14%) survived. In six @entity0 , resection of a lobe (five) or a segment (one) was used to achieve hemostasis with five (83%) survivors. Eight of the 14 @entity3 were clearly due to @entity2 , which was treated with an average of 19.5 units of blood. However, in six of the earlier @entity3 with much less @entity2 , air emboli may have been a factor, but was unproven. Early vascular control at the hilum for central @entity5 seems to be needed not only to stop the @entity4 but also to prevent systemic air emboli.

title: Central XXXX : a need for early vascular control.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the corneal horizontal diameter [white-to-white (WTW) distance] as a factor influencing surgically induced @entity2 (SIA) and postoperative @entity2 . METHODS: A total of 330 eyes with corneal @entity2  <=1.5 D underwent @entity1 surgery with phacoemulsification. A 3-step, superotemporal for the right eye and superonasal for the left eye, clear corneal incision of 3.0 mm was made. Four groups were created according to WTW distance: group A  <=11.6 mm, group B 11.7 to 11.9 mm, group C 12.0 to 12.2 mm, and group D >= 12.3 mm. SIA was calculated by vector analysis using the Alpins method. We noted all cases, in which a change greater than 0.5 diopters (D) in @entity2 took place and a change greater than 20 degrees in @entity3 torque, despite @entity3 direction, on the first and sixth postoperative months. RESULTS: SIA was found in group A 0.98 D    0.6 (SD), B 0.79 D    0.43 (SD), C 0.68 D    0.45 (SD), and D 0.53 D    0.32 (SD) at the first @entity0 . At the sixth @entity0 , SIA was 0.77 D    0.43 (SD), 0.69 D    0.34 (SD), 0.62    0.36 (SD), and 0.49 D    0.27 (SD), respectively. A change greater than 0.5 D in corneal astigmatic power at the first and sixth months postoperatively was significantly lower in eyes with WTW distance 12.0 to 12.2 mm and >= 12.3 mm in comparison with eyes with WTW distance  <=11.6 mm and 11.7 to 11.9 mm (P < 0.05). Changes greater than 20 degrees in @entity2 at the first and sixth postoperative months were not significantly different according to the horizontal corneal diameter. CONCLUSIONS: WTW distance should always be measured preoperatively when planning @entity1 surgery and should be accounted for in cases of large and small corneas.

title: Corneal Diameter as a Factor Influencing Corneal Astigmatism After XXXX Surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, clinical and microbiological characteristics, risk factors, and therapeutic outcome of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) related to @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and corneal chemical burn. METHODS: Medical records of 90 eyes of 59 @entity0 who were diagnosed with @entity4 resulting from @entity7 (52 eyes of 29 @entity0 ) or corneal chemical burn (38 eyes of 30 @entity0 ) were reviewed. RESULTS: @entity3 developed in 35% of @entity4 @entity0 with @entity7 (18 eyes, 14 @entity0 ) and in 18% of those with chemical burn (7 eyes, 7 @entity0 ). The development of @entity3 in @entity7 was significantly associated with the severity of chronic ocular surface complications in the @entity1 , conjunctiva, and eyelids and with the use of topical @entity2 during the disease course. All cases of @entity3 following chemical burn occurred in @entity0 with grade III or IV burn by Roper-Hall classification. Approximately 83% of culture-proven cases of @entity3 were @entity5 , most of which (80%) were caused by Gram-positive bacteria. For resolution of @entity6 (68%) received surgery in addition to medical treatment, whereas 8 eyes (32%) received medical treatment alone. After infection resolution, the final visual acuity was decreased in 10 eyes (40%) compared with before infection. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a common complication of @entity4 associated with @entity7 or severe @entity8 . Despite medical and surgical treatments, the visual outcome is poor.

title: @entity3 in XXXX : @entity7 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, clinical and microbiological characteristics, risk factors, and therapeutic outcome of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) related to @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and corneal chemical burn. METHODS: Medical records of 90 eyes of 59 @entity0 who were diagnosed with @entity4 resulting from @entity7 (52 eyes of 29 @entity0 ) or corneal chemical burn (38 eyes of 30 @entity0 ) were reviewed. RESULTS: @entity3 developed in 35% of @entity4 @entity0 with @entity7 (18 eyes, 14 @entity0 ) and in 18% of those with chemical burn (7 eyes, 7 @entity0 ). The development of @entity3 in @entity7 was significantly associated with the severity of chronic ocular surface complications in the @entity1 , conjunctiva, and eyelids and with the use of topical @entity2 during the disease course. All cases of @entity3 following chemical burn occurred in @entity0 with grade III or IV burn by Roper-Hall classification. Approximately 83% of culture-proven cases of @entity3 were @entity5 , most of which (80%) were caused by Gram-positive bacteria. For resolution of @entity6 (68%) received surgery in addition to medical treatment, whereas 8 eyes (32%) received medical treatment alone. After infection resolution, the final visual acuity was decreased in 10 eyes (40%) compared with before infection. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a common complication of @entity4 associated with @entity7 or severe @entity8 . Despite medical and surgical treatments, the visual outcome is poor.

title: @entity3 in @entity4 : XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence, clinical and microbiological characteristics, risk factors, and therapeutic outcome of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) related to @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and corneal chemical burn. METHODS: Medical records of 90 eyes of 59 @entity0 who were diagnosed with @entity4 resulting from @entity7 (52 eyes of 29 @entity0 ) or corneal chemical burn (38 eyes of 30 @entity0 ) were reviewed. RESULTS: @entity3 developed in 35% of @entity4 @entity0 with @entity7 (18 eyes, 14 @entity0 ) and in 18% of those with chemical burn (7 eyes, 7 @entity0 ). The development of @entity3 in @entity7 was significantly associated with the severity of chronic ocular surface complications in the @entity1 , conjunctiva, and eyelids and with the use of topical @entity2 during the disease course. All cases of @entity3 following chemical burn occurred in @entity0 with grade III or IV burn by Roper-Hall classification. Approximately 83% of culture-proven cases of @entity3 were @entity5 , most of which (80%) were caused by Gram-positive bacteria. For resolution of @entity6 (68%) received surgery in addition to medical treatment, whereas 8 eyes (32%) received medical treatment alone. After infection resolution, the final visual acuity was decreased in 10 eyes (40%) compared with before infection. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a common complication of @entity4 associated with @entity7 or severe @entity8 . Despite medical and surgical treatments, the visual outcome is poor.

title: XXXX in @entity4 : @entity7 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To validate ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass grafting treatment for @entity0 with descending @entity3 and an @entity2 . METHODS: The three @entity0 in whom a descending atypical @entity3 was associated with an @entity2 were treated with one stage surgical treatment with aortic bypass grafting through the diaphragm and aortic valve replacement in our heart center. Operative technique consisted of performing ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass grafting through diaphragm muscle and implementing aortic valve replacement. The mean time for extracorporeal circulation and occluding clamp of aorta was recorded. Blood pressure data for pre- and post-operation was measured in the limbs. Computer-enhanced transvenous angiograms of pre- and post-operation were applied for detection of @entity1 . The other adverse events were noticed in outpatient service during a follow-up period. RESULTS: The mean extracorporeal circulation time was 54        11 min. The mean time for occluding clamp of aorta was 34        6 min. An arterial pressure gradient was totally corrected after surgical treatment. Post-operation computer-enhanced transvenous angiograms showed the grafts to be open with a fluent flow. The @entity0 had no gastrointestinal tract complications. No adverse event was noticed during a follow-up period in outpatient service. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass is advisable for @entity0 with descending @entity3 and an @entity2 .

title: One stage surgical treatment of @entity2 and XXXX with aortic bypass grafting through the diaphragm and aortic valve replacement.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To validate ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass grafting treatment for @entity0 with descending @entity3 and an @entity2 . METHODS: The three @entity0 in whom a descending atypical @entity3 was associated with an @entity2 were treated with one stage surgical treatment with aortic bypass grafting through the diaphragm and aortic valve replacement in our heart center. Operative technique consisted of performing ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass grafting through diaphragm muscle and implementing aortic valve replacement. The mean time for extracorporeal circulation and occluding clamp of aorta was recorded. Blood pressure data for pre- and post-operation was measured in the limbs. Computer-enhanced transvenous angiograms of pre- and post-operation were applied for detection of @entity1 . The other adverse events were noticed in outpatient service during a follow-up period. RESULTS: The mean extracorporeal circulation time was 54        11 min. The mean time for occluding clamp of aorta was 34        6 min. An arterial pressure gradient was totally corrected after surgical treatment. Post-operation computer-enhanced transvenous angiograms showed the grafts to be open with a fluent flow. The @entity0 had no gastrointestinal tract complications. No adverse event was noticed during a follow-up period in outpatient service. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of ascending aorta-lower abdominal aorta bypass is advisable for @entity0 with descending @entity3 and an @entity2 .

title: One stage surgical treatment of XXXX and @entity3 with aortic bypass grafting through the diaphragm and aortic valve replacement.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 2.5 cm segment of the rectum of female F344 @entity1 was irradiated with up to 10 fractions of X-rays or pions. Transient signs of @entity5 were followed by chronic @entity3 starting at about 2 months. @entity9 were frequently observed in animals with severe @entity8 . Two patterns of @entity8 were observed, an early type consisting of deep @entity6 and @entity4 , and a late type characterized by @entity7 , @entity2 and @entity0 . In a 4-fraction X-ray experiment, the influence of a low-residue diet was compared with a regular diet, showing no significant differences in pathology or survival. Isoeffective doses were determined for the occurrence of severe @entity3 at 250 days. Fitting the data to an LQ-model yielded an alpha/beta ratio of 13 Gy for pions, and 6.5 Gy for X-rays. Increasing the overall treatment time from 9 days to one month gave a significant rise in isoeffective doses for @entity8 . This suggests that the more delayed types of injury did not develop independently from the acute mucosal changes. The RBE of pions for @entity3 at 250 days was 1.2 for single doses, increasing to about 1.4-1.5 at a dose per fraction of 4 Gy. These values are similar to those obtained in other acute and late responding tissues.

title: Radiation tolerance of the XXXX rectum to fractionated X-rays and pi-mesons.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 19S IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) are polyclonal autoantibodies that may play an important pathogenic role in sustaining inflammatory @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). RF in @entity1 have reactivity for as-yet-uncharacterized antigenic determinants in IgG Fc. We hypothesized that qualitative differences might exist between some of these RF molecules, and that differences such as reactivity and affinity might characterize more pathogenic RF molecules. Previous observations in our laboratory indicate that RF produced by rheumatoid synovial cells (RSC) have greater reactivity with human IgG and @entity4 subclass, in contrast to serum RF, which has greater reactivity with rabbit IgG and human IgG1. These observations were made using a complement-dependent RF plaque-forming cell assay. The purpose of this study was to validate and extend those observations. Therefore, we examined the reactivity of RSC and serum RF with @entity0 and rabbit IgG and the reactivity and avidity of RSC-RF for IgG1 and @entity4 molecules and @entity3 , F(ab')2, and pFc' fragments thereof in a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. In particular, we found: RSC-RF had at least twice as much reactivity with human IgG as with rabbit IgG; serum RF had approximately equal reactivity with @entity0 and rabbit IgG; RSC-RF had greater reactivity and avidity for @entity4 and @entity4 pFc' than for IgG1; and RSC-RF was nonreactive with @entity3 or F(ab')2 from either IgG1 or @entity4 . These results suggest that the major antigenic determinant for RSC-RF resides in the CH3 domain of the @entity4 molecule. Precise characterization of this epitope may provide further insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of @entity1 .

title: Differential reactivity of rheumatoid synovial cells and serum rheumatoid factors to @entity0 immunoglobulin G subclasses 1 and 3 and their CH3 domains in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: 19S IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) are polyclonal autoantibodies that may play an important pathogenic role in sustaining inflammatory @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). RF in @entity1 have reactivity for as-yet-uncharacterized antigenic determinants in IgG Fc. We hypothesized that qualitative differences might exist between some of these RF molecules, and that differences such as reactivity and affinity might characterize more pathogenic RF molecules. Previous observations in our laboratory indicate that RF produced by rheumatoid synovial cells (RSC) have greater reactivity with human IgG and @entity4 subclass, in contrast to serum RF, which has greater reactivity with rabbit IgG and human IgG1. These observations were made using a complement-dependent RF plaque-forming cell assay. The purpose of this study was to validate and extend those observations. Therefore, we examined the reactivity of RSC and serum RF with @entity0 and rabbit IgG and the reactivity and avidity of RSC-RF for IgG1 and @entity4 molecules and @entity3 , F(ab')2, and pFc' fragments thereof in a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. In particular, we found: RSC-RF had at least twice as much reactivity with human IgG as with rabbit IgG; serum RF had approximately equal reactivity with @entity0 and rabbit IgG; RSC-RF had greater reactivity and avidity for @entity4 and @entity4 pFc' than for IgG1; and RSC-RF was nonreactive with @entity3 or F(ab')2 from either IgG1 or @entity4 . These results suggest that the major antigenic determinant for RSC-RF resides in the CH3 domain of the @entity4 molecule. Precise characterization of this epitope may provide further insight into the etiology and pathogenesis of @entity1 .

title: Differential reactivity of rheumatoid synovial cells and serum rheumatoid factors to XXXX immunoglobulin G subclasses 1 and 3 and their CH3 domains in @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Total @entity1 excretion ( @entity2 in breath + flatus) was measured in two experiments with thirty-six castrated male @entity3 (Danish Landrace) during the growth period from 20 to 120 kg live weight (LW). In Expt A, twenty-eight @entity3 were fed on a commercial diet alternately at high (HFL; metabolizable energy (ME) 1234 (SE 41) kJ/kg LW 0.75) or low (LFL; ME 784 (SE 31) kJ/kg LW 0.75) feed levels in different weight classes. In Expt B, eight @entity3 were constantly fed on a semi-purified diet at HFL without (-oil) or with 90 g soya-bean oil/kg diet (+oil) corresponding to daily intakes of ME of 1339 (SE 11) and 1413 (SE 8) kJ/kg LW 0.75 respectively. @entity2 excretion was measured during 24 h respiration trials in open-air-circulation chambers. About 1 litre @entity2 was excreted per day at 20-25 kg LW increasing to a maximum of 12 litres at 120 kg LW, which corresponded to no more than 1.2% of dietary gross energy. In Expt A, @entity2 excretion increased linearly with LW, while in Expt B the increase was linear until about 70 kg LW, when it reached a plateau. On average LFL reduced @entity2 excretion by 23% compared with HFL. When related to @entity0 ( @entity0 ) intake, however, the @entity3 on LFL excreted 3.1 litres @entity2 /kg dietary @entity0 and those on HFL 2.5 litres @entity2 /kg dietary @entity0 , the difference being significant (P less than 0.05). In Expt B the inclusion of soya-bean oil in the basal diet (+oil) reduced @entity2 excretion by 26% compared with the diet without oil (-oil).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX excretion in the growing @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Total @entity1 excretion ( @entity2 in breath + flatus) was measured in two experiments with thirty-six castrated male @entity3 (Danish Landrace) during the growth period from 20 to 120 kg live weight (LW). In Expt A, twenty-eight @entity3 were fed on a commercial diet alternately at high (HFL; metabolizable energy (ME) 1234 (SE 41) kJ/kg LW 0.75) or low (LFL; ME 784 (SE 31) kJ/kg LW 0.75) feed levels in different weight classes. In Expt B, eight @entity3 were constantly fed on a semi-purified diet at HFL without (-oil) or with 90 g soya-bean oil/kg diet (+oil) corresponding to daily intakes of ME of 1339 (SE 11) and 1413 (SE 8) kJ/kg LW 0.75 respectively. @entity2 excretion was measured during 24 h respiration trials in open-air-circulation chambers. About 1 litre @entity2 was excreted per day at 20-25 kg LW increasing to a maximum of 12 litres at 120 kg LW, which corresponded to no more than 1.2% of dietary gross energy. In Expt A, @entity2 excretion increased linearly with LW, while in Expt B the increase was linear until about 70 kg LW, when it reached a plateau. On average LFL reduced @entity2 excretion by 23% compared with HFL. When related to @entity0 ( @entity0 ) intake, however, the @entity3 on LFL excreted 3.1 litres @entity2 /kg dietary @entity0 and those on HFL 2.5 litres @entity2 /kg dietary @entity0 , the difference being significant (P less than 0.05). In Expt B the inclusion of soya-bean oil in the basal diet (+oil) reduced @entity2 excretion by 26% compared with the diet without oil (-oil).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity1 excretion in the growing XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This is a report of a case with extracerebral @entity2 in the middle fossa which had received radiation therapy. Follow-up study with serial computed tomography during and after irradiation were presented. A 62-year-old housewife complained of vertigo. CT scan revealed a slightly high density area in the left middle cranial fossa which was markedly enhanced with contrast media. Left carotid angiography demonstrated a large avascular mass in the left middle fossa and no feeding artery or draining vein was visualized except a faint irregular stain in the venous phase. Irradiation with a total dose of 50 Gy was delivered. At the end of radiation, CT scan revealed a slight decrease in size and CT number of the @entity0 . Follow-up CT scans 5 months later showed 50% regression of the @entity0 and 19 months later were negative for @entity0 . It is concluded that in case of an extracerebral @entity2 with @entity1 , radiation of up to 30-50 Gy was a method of choice. The treatment results in the possibility of eliminating surgery and the benefit of irradiation may not become evident until the first year.

title: [Delayed effect of radiation therapy on extracerebral XXXX in the middle fossa].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The in vivo imaging of xenografted @entity0 @entity3 in @entity2 with a specific and control radiolabelled monoclonal antibody (MoAb) is described. The specific MoAb was previously raised by immunizing @entity2 with immune complexes derived from late human pregnancy serum. In the first group of @entity2 the specific MoAb 131I-5E3 F(ab')2 was injected, while a second group received equivalent amounts of a control MoAb 131I-UJ13A F(ab')2. The @entity2 were imaged at various times up to a maximum of 2 weeks using a gamma camera, and the @entity1 to @entity1 (T/NT) ratio was recorded for each group. The T/NT ratio rose to 2.02 in the specific group, while the corresponding ratio in the control group was 0.70. In addition, the count rate in the @entity1 and @entity1 regions was determined on each imaging occasion. Biological half-lives of the divalent fragments of 5E3 and UJ13A in the @entity1 were 7.53 days and 0.62 days, respectively. Following sacrifice, the @entity1 were excised and counted relative to the rest of the animal, and the T/NT ratio was calculated. In vitro results were in direct agreement with those recorded in vivo using the gamma camera. From the results it would appear that the divalent fragment of 5E3, which has been raised to immune complexes derived from late human pregnancy serum, is specific for @entity0 @entity3 xenografts in the nude @entity2 model.

title: Immunoscintigraphy of @entity0 XXXX xenografts using a radiolabelled monoclonal antibody to human pregnancy serum-derived immune complexes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The in vivo imaging of xenografted @entity0 @entity3 in @entity2 with a specific and control radiolabelled monoclonal antibody (MoAb) is described. The specific MoAb was previously raised by immunizing @entity2 with immune complexes derived from late human pregnancy serum. In the first group of @entity2 the specific MoAb 131I-5E3 F(ab')2 was injected, while a second group received equivalent amounts of a control MoAb 131I-UJ13A F(ab')2. The @entity2 were imaged at various times up to a maximum of 2 weeks using a gamma camera, and the @entity1 to @entity1 (T/NT) ratio was recorded for each group. The T/NT ratio rose to 2.02 in the specific group, while the corresponding ratio in the control group was 0.70. In addition, the count rate in the @entity1 and @entity1 regions was determined on each imaging occasion. Biological half-lives of the divalent fragments of 5E3 and UJ13A in the @entity1 were 7.53 days and 0.62 days, respectively. Following sacrifice, the @entity1 were excised and counted relative to the rest of the animal, and the T/NT ratio was calculated. In vitro results were in direct agreement with those recorded in vivo using the gamma camera. From the results it would appear that the divalent fragment of 5E3, which has been raised to immune complexes derived from late human pregnancy serum, is specific for @entity0 @entity3 xenografts in the nude @entity2 model.

title: Immunoscintigraphy of XXXX @entity3 xenografts using a radiolabelled monoclonal antibody to human pregnancy serum-derived immune complexes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 at 100 and 300 mg/kg i.p. dose levels increased @entity1 ( @entity2 ) utilization in the @entity0 cerebral cortex and hippocampus. @entity2 utilization was assessed by measuring, with a gas chromatographic method, the decrease in @entity2 level after inhibiting its synthesis by 15 micrograms intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) injection of @entity6 (HC-3). @entity2 steady state levels were not affected. @entity4 (300 mg/kg i.p.) also increased @entity2 utilization in the hippocampus. Repeated daily administration of @entity5 100 mg/kg i.p. caused a 31% increase in high-affinity @entity3 uptake (HACU) in the hippocampus. A single administration of 300 mg/kg i.p. of @entity5 and @entity4 also increased HACU rate in the hippocampus. However, the effect of @entity4 was over within 3 h, while 3 h after its administration @entity5 still caused a 40% increase in HACU rate. @entity5 (100 mg/kg i.p.) significantly antagonized the impairment in the acquisition of an active-avoidance conditioned response (pole climbing) associated with the inhibition of @entity2 synthesis by HC-3. These results indicate that @entity5 enhances the activity of the septohippocampal cholinergic pathways, and to a lesser extent, of the cortical cholinergic network.

title: Effect of XXXX and @entity4 on central cholinergic mechanisms and active-avoidance acquisition.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 at 100 and 300 mg/kg i.p. dose levels increased @entity1 ( @entity2 ) utilization in the @entity0 cerebral cortex and hippocampus. @entity2 utilization was assessed by measuring, with a gas chromatographic method, the decrease in @entity2 level after inhibiting its synthesis by 15 micrograms intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) injection of @entity6 (HC-3). @entity2 steady state levels were not affected. @entity4 (300 mg/kg i.p.) also increased @entity2 utilization in the hippocampus. Repeated daily administration of @entity5 100 mg/kg i.p. caused a 31% increase in high-affinity @entity3 uptake (HACU) in the hippocampus. A single administration of 300 mg/kg i.p. of @entity5 and @entity4 also increased HACU rate in the hippocampus. However, the effect of @entity4 was over within 3 h, while 3 h after its administration @entity5 still caused a 40% increase in HACU rate. @entity5 (100 mg/kg i.p.) significantly antagonized the impairment in the acquisition of an active-avoidance conditioned response (pole climbing) associated with the inhibition of @entity2 synthesis by HC-3. These results indicate that @entity5 enhances the activity of the septohippocampal cholinergic pathways, and to a lesser extent, of the cortical cholinergic network.

title: Effect of @entity5 and XXXX on central cholinergic mechanisms and active-avoidance acquisition.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A healthy intelligent 13.5-year-old @entity0 is reported who presented with paroxysmal kinesigenic @entity6 . He had had unilateral tonic spasms for 2 months. In a stressful situation, especially after a period of immobility, a @entity1 provoked a @entity4 -choreoathetoic posturing of the left arm and leg. Attacks were brought on, for instance, by standing up quickly from a sitting position. They lasted only 5-10 s, without @entity2 and occurred up to ten times daily. Between the attacks there were no abnormalities. Family history was non-contributory. Neurological examination and laboratory findings, including repeated EEGs, were all negative. The @entity0 responded very well to @entity3 treatment and has now been completely free of @entity4 attacks for a period of 9 months. The importance of early recognition of this syndrome and the differential diagnosis with @entity5 and other forms of @entity7 is discussed.

title: Paroxysmal kinesigenic XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Thirty-five cases of @entity7 were evaluated retrospectively and compared with 153 cases reported in the literature. As in other series, @entity6 was the major pathogen. @entity0 with acute abscesses had @entity3 , @entity5 , and purulence at surgery. @entity0 with chronic abscesses had less @entity3 and @entity5 , more granulation tissue at surgery, and a greater delay in diagnosis but retained the potential for rapid @entity1 . In contrast to other studies, abscesses in both the lumbar and anterior spinal compartments and @entity0 with specific sources of @entity4 occurred with greater frequency. Myelography was the diagnostic method of choice. Only four of nine @entity0 had diagnostic computed tomography. Earlier diagnosis and treatment led to a significant improvement in outcome. Both @entity2 administration and greater neurologic impairment adversely affected outcome. @entity1 following surgery was dependent on the duration of the deficit. A combination of antibiotics and surgical drainage remains the treatment of choice.

title: Update on XXXX : 35 cases and review of the literature.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Published cohorts of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the 1990s to early 2000s reported 5-year cumulative recurrence rates approaching 20%. Since then, utilization of antithrombotic agents for secondary @entity1 prevention in @entity0 has increased. We sought to determine rates and predictors of recurrent @entity1 in the current era. METHODS: The Vascular Effects of Infection in @entity1 (VIPS) study enrolled 355 @entity0 with @entity2 at 37 international centers from 2009 to 2014 and followed them prospectively for recurrent @entity1 . Index and recurrent @entity1 underwent central review and confirmation, as well as central classification of causes of @entity1 , including arteriopathies. Other predictors were measured via parental interview or chart review. RESULTS: Of the 355 @entity0 , 354 survived their acute index @entity1 , and 308 (87%) were treated with an antithrombotic medication. During a median follow-up of 2.0 years (interquartile range, 1.0-3.0), 40 @entity0 had a recurrent @entity2 , and none had a @entity1 . The cumulative @entity1 recurrence rate was 6.8% (95% confidence interval, 4.6%-10%) at 1 month and 12% (8.5%-15%) at 1 year. The sole predictor of recurrence was the presence of an @entity4 , which increased the risk of recurrence 5-fold when compared with an idiopathic @entity2 (hazard ratio, 5.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-14). The 1-year recurrence rate was 32% (95% confidence interval, 18%-51%) for moyamoya, 25% (12%-48%) for transient @entity3 , and 19% (8.5%-40%) for @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity2 , particularly those with @entity4 , remain at high risk for recurrent @entity2 despite increased utilization of antithrombotic agents. Therapies directed at the arteriopathies themselves are needed.

title: Risk of Recurrent Arterial XXXX in Childhood: A Prospective International Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The histology of 365 of 396 @entity0 (92%) treated with radiation therapy at the University of Virginia from 1968 to 1978 has been reviewed. Staging and treatment policies were consistent throughout this period, and have enabled the influence of histologic classification on treatment results to be evaluated. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was the most common type, 69%; followed by keratinizing (KSCC), 13%; and @entity3 , 6.6%. Other varieties included adenosquamous, 3.6%; small cell undifferentiated @entity2 , 2.7%; papillary squamous, 1.6%; and glassy cell, 1.4%. Overall survivals by stage were similar to those reported from other centers. When examined by histologic type, the 5-year survival rates ranged from 64% for adenosquamous to 13% for small cell. The most common varieties, @entity1 and KSCC, had survival rates of 61% and 40% (P = 0.008). Considering both stage and histologic type, the differences between @entity1 and KSCC persisted and were significant for Stage IIB (P = 0.023). Of particular interest are the poor results in @entity6 and @entity3 , except in the earliest stages, and the good results for @entity5 . The patterns of failure by histologic type showed that local failures were higher in cases of KSCC than in @entity1 , indicating a probable difference in radiosensitivity. Distant spread was similar for both types. Both @entity6 and @entity3 showed high rates of distant spread and local failure except in the early stages. Considering survival and failure rates, three prognostic groups could be identified. In descending order of curability these were: 1) @entity1 and @entity5 ; 2) KSCC, @entity4 , and @entity3 ; and 3) small cell @entity2 .

title: Results of the radiotherapeutic management of XXXX with emphasis on the influence of histologic classification.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a serious disease of preterm neonates and there are limited systematic studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying @entity4 . Therefore, here we performed global gene expression profiling in @entity0 fetal retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) under @entity3 conditions in vitro. Aborted fetuses were enrolled and primary RMECs were isolated from eyeballs. Cultivated cells were treated with @entity5 to induce @entity3 . The dual-color microarray approach was adopted to compare gene expression profiling between treated RMECs and the paired untreated control. The one-class algorithm in significance analysis of microarray (SAM) software was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to validate the results. Gene Ontology was employed for functional enrichment analysis. There were 326 DEGs between the @entity3 -induced group and untreated group. Of these genes, 198 were upregulated in @entity3 RMECs, while the other 128 hits were downregulated. In particular, genes in the @entity2 ion homeostasis pathway were highly enriched under @entity3 conditions. Our study indicates that dysregulation of genes involved in @entity2 homeostasis mediating oxidative damage may be responsible for the mechanisms underlying @entity4 . The " @entity1 plus @entity2 hypothesis may improve our understanding of @entity4 pathogenesis.

title: Identification of XXXX Homeostasis Genes Dysregulation Potentially Involved in @entity4 Pathogenicity by Microarray Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a serious disease of preterm neonates and there are limited systematic studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying @entity4 . Therefore, here we performed global gene expression profiling in @entity0 fetal retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) under @entity3 conditions in vitro. Aborted fetuses were enrolled and primary RMECs were isolated from eyeballs. Cultivated cells were treated with @entity5 to induce @entity3 . The dual-color microarray approach was adopted to compare gene expression profiling between treated RMECs and the paired untreated control. The one-class algorithm in significance analysis of microarray (SAM) software was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to validate the results. Gene Ontology was employed for functional enrichment analysis. There were 326 DEGs between the @entity3 -induced group and untreated group. Of these genes, 198 were upregulated in @entity3 RMECs, while the other 128 hits were downregulated. In particular, genes in the @entity2 ion homeostasis pathway were highly enriched under @entity3 conditions. Our study indicates that dysregulation of genes involved in @entity2 homeostasis mediating oxidative damage may be responsible for the mechanisms underlying @entity4 . The " @entity1 plus @entity2 hypothesis may improve our understanding of @entity4 pathogenesis.

title: Identification of @entity2 Homeostasis Genes Dysregulation Potentially Involved in XXXX Pathogenicity by Microarray Analysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this work is to investigate changes in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and tear film (TF) by means of questionnaire-based subjective symptoms, TF break-up time, Schirmer test, and TF analysis in @entity0 working with computers and to analyze the effects of the oral supplementation with antioxidants/ @entity2 (A/  3) in the @entity1 outcomes. @entity0 aged 40-65 years (n = 148) were recruited at the Administrative Offices of Valencia (Spain) and distributed into two age groups, 40-52 years (AGE1; n = 87) and 53-65 years (AGE2; n = 61), and then subdivided according to being (or not) computer users (CUG; NCUG) during the workday. Homogeneous subgroups were randomly assigned (or not) to the daily intake of three pills of A/  3 for three months. At baseline and at the end of follow-up, personalized interviews and ocular examination were done. Reflex tear samples were collected from the inferior meniscus and processed for a multiplexed particle-based flow cytometry assay to measure proinflammatory molecules. Statistics were performed using the SPSS 15.0 program. The @entity1 pathology was clinically evident in the AGE1-CUG (33%) versus the AGE2-CUG (64%) of @entity0 . Significantly higher @entity3 tear levels were found in the AGE1 versus the AGE2 @entity0 employees (P = 0.006 and P = 0.001, resp.), as well as in the CUG versus the NCUG (P = 0.001 and P = 0.000, resp.). Supplementation with A/  3 positively influenced the @entity1 pathology as manifested by the amelioration of the clinical signs/symptoms related to computer uses. Strategies involving a safe environment and oral micronutrient supplements may be managed within eye-care standards in older @entity0 .

title: Ocular Surface and Tear Film Changes in Older XXXX Working with Computers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: Aim of the study was to evaluate the potential role of regulatory and proinflammatory cytokines @entity5 and @entity4 as Th17 lymphocyte activity markers in relation to invasiveness in @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The immunological analysis was conducted in 50 @entity0 treated for @entity3 and 30 healthy volunteers as controls. The levels of @entity5 and @entity4 in supernatants of purified peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures were determined by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinicomorphological criteria included pTNM, stage, G, and the total @entity1 front grading (TFG) score. RESULTS: Our data demonstrated higher concentrations of @entity5 in @entity0 as compared to controls (p = 0.0001). No statistical difference for @entity4 in these groups was observed. Our study revealed significant dependences in @entity5 expression on pT (p = 0.04), histological differentiation (p = 0.04), and TFG total score (p = 0.02). @entity1 (pT3-pT4) with higher grade (G2-G3) and higher invasiveness (> 14 TFG points) were characterised by elevated @entity5 levels in PBMC supernatants. Our data did not indicate a relationship between cytokine levels and three- and five-year survival. However, a tendency towards lower content of @entity5 in PBMC cultures in @entity0 who lived longer than five years after treatment was noted. The relationships between @entity4 level in PBMC cultures and clinicomorphological and prognostic parameters have not been disclosed. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest the importance of regulatory cytokine @entity5 in determining the aggressive @entity2 .

title: Expression of Th17 cell population regulatory cytokines in XXXX - Preliminary study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity10 (BC) and @entity16 (CX), two carotenoids with and without pro-vitamin A activity, respectively, were found to help to prevent @entity13 (BP)-induced @entity5 in the dark and BP photocarcinogenesis (UV 300-400 nm) when given as an oral supplement to female Swiss albino @entity2 . The same experimental procedure was adapted to @entity14 ( @entity14 ) photoinduction of mammary @entity6 in @entity2 . Here also, the two carotenoids were strongly antitumorigenic. Indeed, @entity14 photomutagenesis, tested in @entity12 TA 102, appeared to depend on a two-step reaction, namely an @entity3 -independent DNA- @entity14 photoadduct, followed by an @entity3 -dependent second step, sensitive to carotenoids. This result suggests that dietary carotenoids (powerful antioxidant molecules) might prevent the carcinogenic risk caused by substances that are transformed into ultimate carcinogens by oxidative processes which are indirectly carcinogenic. Finally, to verify whether supplemental carotenoids can affect carcinogenesis where neither light excitation nor oxidative metabolic processes are involved, an experimental attempt was made on @entity7 induced in @entity4 by the direct carcinogen @entity11 ( @entity11 ). The results demonstrate that supplemental carotenoids do not affect initiation and progression stages, but do prevent the progression stage of @entity8 to infiltrating @entity7 . Thus, this provides strong presumptive evidence for @entity3 radical involvement in the later stages of this neoplastic development, as recently reported in the literature. As far as mutagenicity in @entity12 is concerned, @entity15 do not exert, as expected, any protective effect on @entity11 mutagenic activity. The above experimental data suggest that supplemental carotenoids, instead of sunscreen preparations, can be adopted by outdoor workers to prevent @entity9 . Accordingly, such natural antioxidants may be useful in @entity0 chemoprevention against @entity1 of the lung, breast, urinary bladder, and colon and rectum even after radical surgery.

title: Chemoprevention of indirect and direct chemical carcinogenesis by carotenoids as XXXX radical quenchers.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In this study, the role of parity in conferring protection of the mammary gland against @entity2 induced by @entity6 ( @entity3 ) was investigated. Experiments were also carried out to determine if an 'interrupted' pregnancy was capable of reducing the incidence of mammary @entity0 induction. Since it has been suggested that morphological development or the proliferative pattern of the mammary gland at the time of carcinogen administration may be involved in reducing the susceptibility of the mammary gland to @entity2 , experiments were designed to elucidate the possible influence of these two factors. Sprague-Dawley female @entity1 were mated and were either allowed to complete pregnancy and parturition or were subjected to Caesarian section on day 5, 10 or 15 of the pregnancy. When @entity3 was administered i.v. to animals which had been allowed to complete a full-term pregnancy, only 14% developed @entity0 , compared to 70% in age-matched nulliparous controls. Termination of the pregnancy on days 5, 10 or 15 was as effective in reducing @entity0 incidence as full-term gestation and parturition, but still resulted in partial and statistically significant inhibition, compared to age-matched nulliparous controls. There was no significant difference in @entity4 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) at the time of @entity3 treatment in the parous @entity1 compared to age-matched nulliparous controls. We also observed no significant differences in the morphological development of the mammary gland in parous and nulliparous @entity1 of the same age. These results indicate that the protective mechanism may not lie in the mammary gland per se, but may indeed be a host factor, such as hormonal or immunological changes occurring in the host as a result of the pregnancy.

title: Prevention of mammary XXXX in @entity1 by pregnancy: effect of full-term and interrupted pregnancy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In this study, the role of parity in conferring protection of the mammary gland against @entity2 induced by @entity6 ( @entity3 ) was investigated. Experiments were also carried out to determine if an 'interrupted' pregnancy was capable of reducing the incidence of mammary @entity0 induction. Since it has been suggested that morphological development or the proliferative pattern of the mammary gland at the time of carcinogen administration may be involved in reducing the susceptibility of the mammary gland to @entity2 , experiments were designed to elucidate the possible influence of these two factors. Sprague-Dawley female @entity1 were mated and were either allowed to complete pregnancy and parturition or were subjected to Caesarian section on day 5, 10 or 15 of the pregnancy. When @entity3 was administered i.v. to animals which had been allowed to complete a full-term pregnancy, only 14% developed @entity0 , compared to 70% in age-matched nulliparous controls. Termination of the pregnancy on days 5, 10 or 15 was as effective in reducing @entity0 incidence as full-term gestation and parturition, but still resulted in partial and statistically significant inhibition, compared to age-matched nulliparous controls. There was no significant difference in @entity4 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) at the time of @entity3 treatment in the parous @entity1 compared to age-matched nulliparous controls. We also observed no significant differences in the morphological development of the mammary gland in parous and nulliparous @entity1 of the same age. These results indicate that the protective mechanism may not lie in the mammary gland per se, but may indeed be a host factor, such as hormonal or immunological changes occurring in the host as a result of the pregnancy.

title: Prevention of mammary @entity2 in XXXX by pregnancy: effect of full-term and interrupted pregnancy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study presents a quantitative comparison of the free cytoplasmic @entity3 concentration ([ @entity2 ]cyt) and the free concentration in the lumen of the dense tubules of the @entity0 platelet. The former was measured by the fluorescence of the high affinity indicator @entity7 and latter by the fluorescence of @entity8 (CTC). The CTC technique monitors @entity3 -CTC complex accumulation in the lumen of dense tubules and mitochondria when washed platelets were incubated in 2 mM @entity2 . Resting cytoplasmic and dense tubular @entity2 concentrations were studied in platelets from @entity0 suffering from venous and arterial @entity4 . Compared with normal controls (0.40 +/- 0.10, n = 54), the values of the @entity3 -CTC ratios were 0.68 +/- 0.19 (n = 16, p less than 0.005) in @entity1 ; 0.75 +/- 0.18 (n = 14, p less than 0.005) in cardiovascular accident; 0.84 +/- 0.18 (n = 6, p less than 0.005) in occlusive @entity5 ; and 0.42 +/- 0.10 (n = 21, p greater than 0.1) in @entity0 controls. The dense tubular @entity2 levels for both @entity0 and controls were perfectly correlated with the cytoplasmic levels using an equation that assumes that the dense tubular free @entity3 concentration ([ @entity2 ]dt) has a second power dependence on [ @entity2 ]cyt. The abnormal @entity2 handling of platelets obtained from @entity4 @entity0 could be completely reversed by preincubation with the @entity3 channel blocker @entity6 . These observations suggest that the primary @entity2 handling defect is the leakage through activated channels in the plasma membrane. The defect and the elevated resting [ @entity2 ]cyt and [ @entity2 ]dt are adequate to explain the observation of increased rates of collagen-activated aggregation in the above-mentioned group of @entity0 . The results can be explained by platelets from @entity4 @entity0 being exposed to activating factors in the circulation, resulting in @entity2 channel activation. Channel activation persists through the process of platelet isolation and washing and is manifested in higher measured values of [ @entity2 ]cyt and [ @entity2 ]dt in the "resting state." This would bring the platelet closer to its aggregation when aggregation-inducing agents are added. The CTC test is shown to be a useful and convenient means of detecting this abnormality.

title: Abnormal XXXX handling by platelets in @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study presents a quantitative comparison of the free cytoplasmic @entity3 concentration ([ @entity2 ]cyt) and the free concentration in the lumen of the dense tubules of the @entity0 platelet. The former was measured by the fluorescence of the high affinity indicator @entity7 and latter by the fluorescence of @entity8 (CTC). The CTC technique monitors @entity3 -CTC complex accumulation in the lumen of dense tubules and mitochondria when washed platelets were incubated in 2 mM @entity2 . Resting cytoplasmic and dense tubular @entity2 concentrations were studied in platelets from @entity0 suffering from venous and arterial @entity4 . Compared with normal controls (0.40 +/- 0.10, n = 54), the values of the @entity3 -CTC ratios were 0.68 +/- 0.19 (n = 16, p less than 0.005) in @entity1 ; 0.75 +/- 0.18 (n = 14, p less than 0.005) in cardiovascular accident; 0.84 +/- 0.18 (n = 6, p less than 0.005) in occlusive @entity5 ; and 0.42 +/- 0.10 (n = 21, p greater than 0.1) in @entity0 controls. The dense tubular @entity2 levels for both @entity0 and controls were perfectly correlated with the cytoplasmic levels using an equation that assumes that the dense tubular free @entity3 concentration ([ @entity2 ]dt) has a second power dependence on [ @entity2 ]cyt. The abnormal @entity2 handling of platelets obtained from @entity4 @entity0 could be completely reversed by preincubation with the @entity3 channel blocker @entity6 . These observations suggest that the primary @entity2 handling defect is the leakage through activated channels in the plasma membrane. The defect and the elevated resting [ @entity2 ]cyt and [ @entity2 ]dt are adequate to explain the observation of increased rates of collagen-activated aggregation in the above-mentioned group of @entity0 . The results can be explained by platelets from @entity4 @entity0 being exposed to activating factors in the circulation, resulting in @entity2 channel activation. Channel activation persists through the process of platelet isolation and washing and is manifested in higher measured values of [ @entity2 ]cyt and [ @entity2 ]dt in the "resting state." This would bring the platelet closer to its aggregation when aggregation-inducing agents are added. The CTC test is shown to be a useful and convenient means of detecting this abnormality.

title: Abnormal @entity3 handling by platelets in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Twenty-six @entity2 @entity0 participated in a controlled trial of house dust mite avoidance. Group A (n = 14) had 12 weeks' avoidance, provided that they had not deteriorated at the end of the first 6 weeks. Group B (n = 12) had an initial 6 weeks' observation period followed by 6 weeks' avoidance. Mite numbers were extremely variable and often low. There was a significant fall in mite numbers in the first, but not the second, 6-week period in group A. In group B there was a significant fall in mite numbers in both the first (observation) and second (active avoidance) periods. Active avoidance produced highly significant falls in total serum IgE. There were no significant changes in IgE during the observation period. This impressive immunological effect was not associated with any changes in the radio-allergo-sorbent assay (RAST) to house dust mite, or symptom scores; peak expiratory flow rates or @entity1 induced bronchial reactivity. More rigorous avoidance procedures in more severely affected @entity2 @entity0 warrants further investigation.

title: Controlled trial of house dust mite avoidance in XXXX with mild to moderate asthma.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A new lump in the breast following conservation treatment for early @entity0 may represent a recurrence of the disease or may be a benign lesion. Clinical evaluation of these lumps is often extremely difficult and, potentially, mammography would seem to be of great importance in the assessment. Between November 1981 and March 1986, 214 @entity1 with operable @entity0 of 4 cm or less in diameter underwent conservative treatment. The conservation technique comprised synchronous excision of the primary @entity2 without a wide margin, axillary clearance, interstitial irradiation with @entity4 192 (2000 cGy), and subsequent external beam radiotherapy to the breast (4600 cGy). After an average follow-up of 26 months, 17 @entity1 developed a new lump in the treated breast necessitating further biopsy. Seven of these were malignant and 10 benign. In the latter category the most frequent finding was fat @entity3 . Clinically, the lesions were indistinguishable from each other. The mammographic signs, which best predicted @entity2 , were either of a mass or of a @entity2 . This study illustrates the problems associated with deciding the nature of a new lump in the breast following conservation treatment. Mammography is complementary to physical examination, and a base-line mammogram six months after completion of therapy is helpful. Despite the use of mammography, biopsy is the only definitive way of excluding recurrence.

title: New lumps in the breast following conservation treatment for early XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 residues are hydroxylated by reactive @entity0 species at the C-8 position to form @entity3 ( @entity5 ), one of the most important mutagenic lesions in DNA. Though the spontaneous G:C to C:G transversions are rare events, the pathways leading to this mutation are not established. An @entity5 :G mispair, if not corrected by DNA repair enzymes, could lead to G:C to C:G transversions. NMR spectroscopy and restrained molecular dynamics calculations are used to refine the solution structure of the base mismatch formed by the @entity5 :G pair on a self complementary DNA dodecamer duplex d(CGCGAATT(8-O)GGCG)(2). The results reveal that the @entity5 base is inserted into the helix and forms Hoogsteen base-pairing with the G on the opposite strand. The @entity5 :G base-pairs are seen to be stabilized by two @entity2 bonding interactions, one between the H7 of the @entity5 and the O6 of the G, and a three-center @entity2 bonding between the O8 of the @entity5 and the imino and @entity1 protons of the G. The @entity5 :G base-pairs are very well stacked between the Watson-Crick base-paired flanking bases. Both strands of the DNA duplex adopt right-handed conformations. All of the unmodified bases, including the G at the lesion site, adopt anti glycosidic torsion angles and form Watson-Crick base-pairs. At the lesion site, the @entity5 residues adopt syn conformations. The structural studies demonstrate that @entity5 (syn):G(anti) forms a stable pair in the interior of the duplex, providing a basis for the in vivo incorporation of G opposite @entity5 . Calculated helical parameters and backbone torsional angles, and the observed 31P chemical shifts, indicate that the structure of the duplex is perturbed near lesion sites, with the local unwinding of the double helix. The melting temperature of the @entity5 :G containing duplex is only 2.6 deg. C less than the t(m) of the unmodified duplex.

title: Solution structure of a DNA duplex containing @entity3 opposite XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 residues are hydroxylated by reactive @entity0 species at the C-8 position to form @entity3 ( @entity5 ), one of the most important mutagenic lesions in DNA. Though the spontaneous G:C to C:G transversions are rare events, the pathways leading to this mutation are not established. An @entity5 :G mispair, if not corrected by DNA repair enzymes, could lead to G:C to C:G transversions. NMR spectroscopy and restrained molecular dynamics calculations are used to refine the solution structure of the base mismatch formed by the @entity5 :G pair on a self complementary DNA dodecamer duplex d(CGCGAATT(8-O)GGCG)(2). The results reveal that the @entity5 base is inserted into the helix and forms Hoogsteen base-pairing with the G on the opposite strand. The @entity5 :G base-pairs are seen to be stabilized by two @entity2 bonding interactions, one between the H7 of the @entity5 and the O6 of the G, and a three-center @entity2 bonding between the O8 of the @entity5 and the imino and @entity1 protons of the G. The @entity5 :G base-pairs are very well stacked between the Watson-Crick base-paired flanking bases. Both strands of the DNA duplex adopt right-handed conformations. All of the unmodified bases, including the G at the lesion site, adopt anti glycosidic torsion angles and form Watson-Crick base-pairs. At the lesion site, the @entity5 residues adopt syn conformations. The structural studies demonstrate that @entity5 (syn):G(anti) forms a stable pair in the interior of the duplex, providing a basis for the in vivo incorporation of G opposite @entity5 . Calculated helical parameters and backbone torsional angles, and the observed 31P chemical shifts, indicate that the structure of the duplex is perturbed near lesion sites, with the local unwinding of the double helix. The melting temperature of the @entity5 :G containing duplex is only 2.6 deg. C less than the t(m) of the unmodified duplex.

title: Solution structure of a DNA duplex containing XXXX opposite @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of carmofur ( @entity5 ), a masked compound of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), in preventing postoperative recurrence of @entity4 (especially in @entity1 ). Carmofur was given orally at the dose of 300 approximately 600 mg/day to 134 @entity0 (90 males and 44 females) after the resection. Out of 134 @entity0 , 121 @entity0 were evaluable and the rate of their recurrence was 10.7%. The rate of cumulative nonrecurrence for 65 @entity0 it was 96.0, 73.0 and 60.8% in 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. The group of curative resection demonstrated a higher cumulative nonrecurrence rate than that of noncurative or palliative resection group. In considering the resection methods, transurethral resection of @entity1 group demonstrated a higher rate than partial or total cystectomy. The average concentration of @entity3 in serum was 0.65 microgram/ml at 120 minutes after oral administration of 200 mg of carmofur. Moreover, the concentration of @entity3 (15 approximately 35 micrograms/ml) in urine was higher than that of carmofur. The rate of side effects that appeared was 19.6%. The side effects were hot feeling (12.2%), pollakisuria (4.3%), @entity2 (4.3%), an antabuse-like reaction by drinking (3.8%) and so on. These results were similar to those already reported.

title: [Study on effectiveness of carmofur (Mifurol) in @entity4 , especially XXXX , as a post-operative adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent].

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of carmofur ( @entity5 ), a masked compound of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), in preventing postoperative recurrence of @entity4 (especially in @entity1 ). Carmofur was given orally at the dose of 300 approximately 600 mg/day to 134 @entity0 (90 males and 44 females) after the resection. Out of 134 @entity0 , 121 @entity0 were evaluable and the rate of their recurrence was 10.7%. The rate of cumulative nonrecurrence for 65 @entity0 it was 96.0, 73.0 and 60.8% in 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. The group of curative resection demonstrated a higher cumulative nonrecurrence rate than that of noncurative or palliative resection group. In considering the resection methods, transurethral resection of @entity1 group demonstrated a higher rate than partial or total cystectomy. The average concentration of @entity3 in serum was 0.65 microgram/ml at 120 minutes after oral administration of 200 mg of carmofur. Moreover, the concentration of @entity3 (15 approximately 35 micrograms/ml) in urine was higher than that of carmofur. The rate of side effects that appeared was 19.6%. The side effects were hot feeling (12.2%), pollakisuria (4.3%), @entity2 (4.3%), an antabuse-like reaction by drinking (3.8%) and so on. These results were similar to those already reported.

title: [Study on effectiveness of carmofur (Mifurol) in XXXX , especially @entity1 , as a post-operative adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The ongoing Prospective @entity3  nster (PROCAM) trial was initiated to identify risk factors for @entity8 ( @entity8 ). By comparing @entity0 ' long-term cardiac status (clinical signs of @entity10 , @entity9 , @entity2 or @entity6 due to @entity10 ) with results from entrance questionnaires, physical examinations, blood pressure measurements, electrocardiograms at rest and blood analyses, the characteristics and strategies for identifying @entity0 in the general population who are at risk for developing @entity8 were to be determined. From PROCAM trial data, 3 predictive criteria for identifying such @entity0 have been determined: They are a total @entity5 /high density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity5 ratio of 6.5 was determined to be the threshold for @entity8 risk. Combined analysis of lipid parameters identified high-risk @entity0 as those with @entity5 values of greater than or equal to 300 mg/dl, and low-risk @entity0 as those with @entity5 and @entity7 values less than 200 mg/dl. The remaining subjects are classified according to their HDL @entity5 values. If the HDL @entity5 value is less than 35 mg/dl, the subject is considered to be at high risk, if HDL @entity5 is greater than or equal to 35 mg/dl the @entity0 is considered to be at average risk. The upper 20% of risk was computed by means of a multiple logistic function based on statistics for age, total @entity5 and HDL @entity5 levels, systolic blood pressure, @entity11 , @entity1 , cigarette smoking and family history of @entity9 . A further analysis was the risk incurred by @entity4 . @entity4 was observed in 16.5% of @entity0 and 13.9% of @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The Prospective XXXX  nster Study: prevalence and prognostic significance of hyperlipidemia in @entity0 with systemic @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The ongoing Prospective @entity3  nster (PROCAM) trial was initiated to identify risk factors for @entity8 ( @entity8 ). By comparing @entity0 ' long-term cardiac status (clinical signs of @entity10 , @entity9 , @entity2 or @entity6 due to @entity10 ) with results from entrance questionnaires, physical examinations, blood pressure measurements, electrocardiograms at rest and blood analyses, the characteristics and strategies for identifying @entity0 in the general population who are at risk for developing @entity8 were to be determined. From PROCAM trial data, 3 predictive criteria for identifying such @entity0 have been determined: They are a total @entity5 /high density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity5 ratio of 6.5 was determined to be the threshold for @entity8 risk. Combined analysis of lipid parameters identified high-risk @entity0 as those with @entity5 values of greater than or equal to 300 mg/dl, and low-risk @entity0 as those with @entity5 and @entity7 values less than 200 mg/dl. The remaining subjects are classified according to their HDL @entity5 values. If the HDL @entity5 value is less than 35 mg/dl, the subject is considered to be at high risk, if HDL @entity5 is greater than or equal to 35 mg/dl the @entity0 is considered to be at average risk. The upper 20% of risk was computed by means of a multiple logistic function based on statistics for age, total @entity5 and HDL @entity5 levels, systolic blood pressure, @entity11 , @entity1 , cigarette smoking and family history of @entity9 . A further analysis was the risk incurred by @entity4 . @entity4 was observed in 16.5% of @entity0 and 13.9% of @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The Prospective @entity3  nster Study: prevalence and prognostic significance of hyperlipidemia in @entity0 with systemic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The ongoing Prospective @entity3  nster (PROCAM) trial was initiated to identify risk factors for @entity8 ( @entity8 ). By comparing @entity0 ' long-term cardiac status (clinical signs of @entity10 , @entity9 , @entity2 or @entity6 due to @entity10 ) with results from entrance questionnaires, physical examinations, blood pressure measurements, electrocardiograms at rest and blood analyses, the characteristics and strategies for identifying @entity0 in the general population who are at risk for developing @entity8 were to be determined. From PROCAM trial data, 3 predictive criteria for identifying such @entity0 have been determined: They are a total @entity5 /high density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity5 ratio of 6.5 was determined to be the threshold for @entity8 risk. Combined analysis of lipid parameters identified high-risk @entity0 as those with @entity5 values of greater than or equal to 300 mg/dl, and low-risk @entity0 as those with @entity5 and @entity7 values less than 200 mg/dl. The remaining subjects are classified according to their HDL @entity5 values. If the HDL @entity5 value is less than 35 mg/dl, the subject is considered to be at high risk, if HDL @entity5 is greater than or equal to 35 mg/dl the @entity0 is considered to be at average risk. The upper 20% of risk was computed by means of a multiple logistic function based on statistics for age, total @entity5 and HDL @entity5 levels, systolic blood pressure, @entity11 , @entity1 , cigarette smoking and family history of @entity9 . A further analysis was the risk incurred by @entity4 . @entity4 was observed in 16.5% of @entity0 and 13.9% of @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The Prospective @entity3  nster Study: prevalence and prognostic significance of hyperlipidemia in XXXX with systemic @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study compared the impact on @entity3 metabolism of two combinedoral contraceptives (COCs). This open-label, single-center trial enrolled @entity0 for a total of 15 cycles. Thirty-six @entity0 were randomized to receive either 20 microg @entity5 (EE) and 75 microg gestodene (GSD) or 20 microg @entity5 and 150 microg @entity8 ( @entity7 ) daily for 21 days out of 28. A @entity2 tolerance test was performed at baseline and cycles 6 and 13. The area under the curve (AUC) for @entity2 increased in both study groups. The change was statistically significant (p = 0.036) for the 20 EE/75 GSD group at cycle 6 versus baseline. Fasting blood @entity2 at cycle 13 was significantly (p < 0.01) higher for both treatment groups compared to baseline. No changes were found for fasting insulin and fasting @entity6 levels or for the AUCs of insulin or @entity6 . Both regimens were well tolerated. @entity4 and @entity8 in combination with 20-microg @entity5 induce similar changes in @entity3 metabolism which are smaller than those described earlier for COCs containing higher @entity1 doses or more androgenic progestins such as levonorgestrel.

title: Randomized controlled study of the influence of two low @entity1 dose oral contraceptives containing @entity4 or XXXX on @entity3 metabolism.

answer: @entity8


abstract: This study compared the impact on @entity3 metabolism of two combinedoral contraceptives (COCs). This open-label, single-center trial enrolled @entity0 for a total of 15 cycles. Thirty-six @entity0 were randomized to receive either 20 microg @entity5 (EE) and 75 microg gestodene (GSD) or 20 microg @entity5 and 150 microg @entity8 ( @entity7 ) daily for 21 days out of 28. A @entity2 tolerance test was performed at baseline and cycles 6 and 13. The area under the curve (AUC) for @entity2 increased in both study groups. The change was statistically significant (p = 0.036) for the 20 EE/75 GSD group at cycle 6 versus baseline. Fasting blood @entity2 at cycle 13 was significantly (p < 0.01) higher for both treatment groups compared to baseline. No changes were found for fasting insulin and fasting @entity6 levels or for the AUCs of insulin or @entity6 . Both regimens were well tolerated. @entity4 and @entity8 in combination with 20-microg @entity5 induce similar changes in @entity3 metabolism which are smaller than those described earlier for COCs containing higher @entity1 doses or more androgenic progestins such as levonorgestrel.

title: Randomized controlled study of the influence of two low XXXX dose oral contraceptives containing @entity4 or @entity8 on @entity3 metabolism.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study compared the impact on @entity3 metabolism of two combinedoral contraceptives (COCs). This open-label, single-center trial enrolled @entity0 for a total of 15 cycles. Thirty-six @entity0 were randomized to receive either 20 microg @entity5 (EE) and 75 microg gestodene (GSD) or 20 microg @entity5 and 150 microg @entity8 ( @entity7 ) daily for 21 days out of 28. A @entity2 tolerance test was performed at baseline and cycles 6 and 13. The area under the curve (AUC) for @entity2 increased in both study groups. The change was statistically significant (p = 0.036) for the 20 EE/75 GSD group at cycle 6 versus baseline. Fasting blood @entity2 at cycle 13 was significantly (p < 0.01) higher for both treatment groups compared to baseline. No changes were found for fasting insulin and fasting @entity6 levels or for the AUCs of insulin or @entity6 . Both regimens were well tolerated. @entity4 and @entity8 in combination with 20-microg @entity5 induce similar changes in @entity3 metabolism which are smaller than those described earlier for COCs containing higher @entity1 doses or more androgenic progestins such as levonorgestrel.

title: Randomized controlled study of the influence of two low @entity1 dose oral contraceptives containing XXXX or @entity8 on @entity3 metabolism.

answer: @entity4