abstract: @entity10 are important compounds that exhibit multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antimitotic and antibacterial properties. In the present study, we have analyzed the potential anti- @entity0 activity of a @entity9 named N9 (a hybrid @entity9 - @entity6 compound) using in  vitro and in  vivo experimental @entity1 models. Here, we report N9-induced inhibition of cell proliferation and also N9-induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner in U87-MG @entity1 cells. These effects of N9 appear to be associated with its ability to inhibit the expression of cell cycle-associated proteins, and also the augmentation in the expression of the @entity5 ( @entity5 / @entity5 ) protein, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. Additionally, N9 also potentiates the production of the pro-apoptotic markers @entity3 and @entity4 via inhibition of @entity7 . Moreover, our results show that N9 also significantly enhanced apoptosis of U87-MG cells with disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, generation of ROS and @entity8 activation. In  vivo experiments carried out in a @entity2 xenograft model of U87-MG revealed that N9 produced a significant reduction of @entity0 volume when compared to vehicle treated @entity2 . Collectively, data demonstrate that N9 possess in  vitro and in  vivo anti- @entity0 activity, an effect that seems to involve the induction of @entity4 and @entity5 proteins, as well as, the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway associated with the inhibition of protein @entity7 . Overall, this study suggests N9 is affecting a variety of intracellular pathways related to @entity0 apoptosis. Perhaps N9 or derivate molecules could represent new potential drugs for @entity0 therapeutics.

title: In  vitro and in  vivo anti- XXXX activity of a @entity9 - @entity6 hybrid.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Introduction Biocompatibility ranks as one of the most important properties of dental materials. One of the criteria for biocompatibility is the absence of material @entity1 to cells, according to the ISO 7405 and 10993 recommendations. Among numerous available methods for @entity1 assessment; 3-dimensional Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (3D CLSM) imaging was chosen because it provides an accurate and sensitive index of living cell behavior in contact with chitosan coated tested implants. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro biocompatibility of functionalized @entity2 with chitosan via a silanation using sensitive and innovative 3D CLSM imaging as an investigation method for @entity1 assessment. Methods The biocompatibility of four samples (controls cells, TA6V, TA6V-TESBA and TA6V-TESBAChitosan) was compared in vitro after 24h of exposure. Confocal imaging was performed on cultured @entity0 gingival fibroblast ( @entity0 ) like cells using Live/Dead   staining. Image series were obtained with a FV10i confocal biological inverted system and analyzed with FV10-ASW 3.1 Software (Olympus France). Results Image analysis showed no @entity1 in the presence of the three tested substrates after 24 h of contact. A slight decrease of cell viability was found in contact with TA6V-TESBA with and without chitosan compared to negative control cells. Conclusion Our findings highlighted the use of 3D CLSM confocal imaging as a sensitive method to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the biocompatibility behavior of functionalized @entity2 with chitosan via a silanation. The biocompatibility of the new functionalized coating to @entity0 cells is as good as the reference in biomedical device implantation TA6V.

title: Functionalization of XXXX surface with Chitosan via silanation: 3D CLSM imaging of cell biocompatibility behaviour.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The recent literature pertaining to delayed @entity5 following @entity2 has downplayed the role of angiographic @entity4 . However, it is our hypothesis that angiographic @entity4 has a significant pathophysiological role in this disease. We undertook an observational radiographic study of @entity0 who presented in a delayed manner (>72   h from ictus) with evidence of severe angiographic @entity4 on initial angiography in order to describe an apparent association between @entity4 and @entity3 location. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of consecutive @entity0 treated at our unit. Initial, subsequent, and follow-up cross-sectional imaging with CT or MRI was analyzed in conjunction with initial angiography. Sites of angiographic narrowing, angiographic hypoperfusion, and subsequent sites of @entity3 were assessed. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity0 (6 @entity0 , 7 @entity0 ) of mean age 49   years were assessed. Mean time to presentation was 6   days. All had severe angiographic @entity4 . Nine of the 13 @entity0 suffered @entity3 ; the @entity3 in seven of the nine @entity0 were large. There was correlation between sites of angiographic narrowing and @entity3 in all cases and eight of the nine cases showed angiographic hypoperfusion in a location corresponding to eventual @entity3 location. CONCLUSIONS: Severe angiographic @entity4 may be linked to @entity3 in @entity0 who present late. These @entity3 are mostly large despite maximal treatment. We question the notion that proximal @entity4 has a minor role in delayed @entity1 .

title: Delayed XXXX following @entity2 : Can the role of severe angiographic @entity4 really be dismissed?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The recent literature pertaining to delayed @entity5 following @entity2 has downplayed the role of angiographic @entity4 . However, it is our hypothesis that angiographic @entity4 has a significant pathophysiological role in this disease. We undertook an observational radiographic study of @entity0 who presented in a delayed manner (>72   h from ictus) with evidence of severe angiographic @entity4 on initial angiography in order to describe an apparent association between @entity4 and @entity3 location. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of consecutive @entity0 treated at our unit. Initial, subsequent, and follow-up cross-sectional imaging with CT or MRI was analyzed in conjunction with initial angiography. Sites of angiographic narrowing, angiographic hypoperfusion, and subsequent sites of @entity3 were assessed. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity0 (6 @entity0 , 7 @entity0 ) of mean age 49   years were assessed. Mean time to presentation was 6   days. All had severe angiographic @entity4 . Nine of the 13 @entity0 suffered @entity3 ; the @entity3 in seven of the nine @entity0 were large. There was correlation between sites of angiographic narrowing and @entity3 in all cases and eight of the nine cases showed angiographic hypoperfusion in a location corresponding to eventual @entity3 location. CONCLUSIONS: Severe angiographic @entity4 may be linked to @entity3 in @entity0 who present late. These @entity3 are mostly large despite maximal treatment. We question the notion that proximal @entity4 has a minor role in delayed @entity1 .

title: Delayed @entity3 following XXXX : Can the role of severe angiographic @entity4 really be dismissed?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The recent literature pertaining to delayed @entity5 following @entity2 has downplayed the role of angiographic @entity4 . However, it is our hypothesis that angiographic @entity4 has a significant pathophysiological role in this disease. We undertook an observational radiographic study of @entity0 who presented in a delayed manner (>72   h from ictus) with evidence of severe angiographic @entity4 on initial angiography in order to describe an apparent association between @entity4 and @entity3 location. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of consecutive @entity0 treated at our unit. Initial, subsequent, and follow-up cross-sectional imaging with CT or MRI was analyzed in conjunction with initial angiography. Sites of angiographic narrowing, angiographic hypoperfusion, and subsequent sites of @entity3 were assessed. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity0 (6 @entity0 , 7 @entity0 ) of mean age 49   years were assessed. Mean time to presentation was 6   days. All had severe angiographic @entity4 . Nine of the 13 @entity0 suffered @entity3 ; the @entity3 in seven of the nine @entity0 were large. There was correlation between sites of angiographic narrowing and @entity3 in all cases and eight of the nine cases showed angiographic hypoperfusion in a location corresponding to eventual @entity3 location. CONCLUSIONS: Severe angiographic @entity4 may be linked to @entity3 in @entity0 who present late. These @entity3 are mostly large despite maximal treatment. We question the notion that proximal @entity4 has a minor role in delayed @entity1 .

title: Delayed @entity3 following @entity2 : Can the role of severe angiographic XXXX really be dismissed?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Treatment of the elderly @entity0 can be significantly compromised by complications which are less troublesome in younger individuals. In the authors' experience this has been the case with septic @entity6 secondary to intravenous infusion. Thirteen @entity0 over 65 years of age presented with septic @entity6 during the course of hospitalization for a variety of diseases. All @entity1 occurred in an upper extremity site of @entity3 catheter insertion. Twenty-five per cent of @entity0 had proven @entity5 and clinically recorded @entity2 , with @entity4 as the most common organism. Treatment consisted of either a full course of intravenous antibiotics or more commonly surgical therapy (either incision and drainage or resection of the involved vein). Three @entity0 required extensive procedures including muscle debridement and fasciotomy. The mean hospital stay of 19 days was largely related to @entity6 and not primary disease. There was one mortality. Prevention of this condition by meticulous attention to sites of intravenous infusion and frequent changing of these sites rather than treatment after the fact provides the safest mode of @entity0 care.

title: XXXX in the elderly.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) results from genetic or acquired dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. A subset of @entity0 may have clinical and biochemical characteristics compatible with an @entity4 . We studied a cohort of 85 @entity0 with confirmed @entity2 (2007-2014), of which ten @entity0 (3 male, 7 female; mean age 38.5  years) had an associated @entity4 . All @entity0 had abnormal ANA titers, 6 also had positive ds-DNA titers. At the time of presentation with @entity2 , all 7 female @entity0 had autoimmune-related presentations. Of the 3 male @entity0 , only 1 @entity0 had autoimmune-related presentations. Kidney biopsy showed predominantly mesangial proliferative or @entity2 . In 5 @entity0 , the alternative pathway was evaluated. All had allele variants/polymorphisms associated with @entity2 . One @entity0 was also positive for C3Nefs. Treatment varied form conservative management to the use of @entity1 alone or with cytotoxic therapy. Mean serum @entity5 decreased from 2.0 to 1.4  mg/dL while @entity3 decreased from 2300 to 994  mg/24  h in 8 @entity0 with follow-up. The study highlights the association between @entity2 and @entity4 , particularly in female @entity0 . The study suggests that an autoimmune milieu may act as a trigger for the development of @entity2 in genetically susceptible @entity0 . Short-term prognosis of @entity2 associated with @entity4 appears excellent.

title: XXXX and @entity4 : more than a fortuitous association?

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) results from genetic or acquired dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. A subset of @entity0 may have clinical and biochemical characteristics compatible with an @entity4 . We studied a cohort of 85 @entity0 with confirmed @entity2 (2007-2014), of which ten @entity0 (3 male, 7 female; mean age 38.5  years) had an associated @entity4 . All @entity0 had abnormal ANA titers, 6 also had positive ds-DNA titers. At the time of presentation with @entity2 , all 7 female @entity0 had autoimmune-related presentations. Of the 3 male @entity0 , only 1 @entity0 had autoimmune-related presentations. Kidney biopsy showed predominantly mesangial proliferative or @entity2 . In 5 @entity0 , the alternative pathway was evaluated. All had allele variants/polymorphisms associated with @entity2 . One @entity0 was also positive for C3Nefs. Treatment varied form conservative management to the use of @entity1 alone or with cytotoxic therapy. Mean serum @entity5 decreased from 2.0 to 1.4  mg/dL while @entity3 decreased from 2300 to 994  mg/24  h in 8 @entity0 with follow-up. The study highlights the association between @entity2 and @entity4 , particularly in female @entity0 . The study suggests that an autoimmune milieu may act as a trigger for the development of @entity2 in genetically susceptible @entity0 . Short-term prognosis of @entity2 associated with @entity4 appears excellent.

title: @entity2 and XXXX : more than a fortuitous association?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is a major health burden and the most common @entity2 among @entity1 worldwide. Though its incidence is fourfold greater in high-income countries, in sharp contrast, mortality rates are greatest among the low-income countries. Early detection linked to appropriate treatment is the most effective strategy to improve survival. The purpose of this study therefore was to establish the survival experiences of @entity1 with @entity0 at a Ugandan hospital. METHODS: This study is an observational analytical study. It involved 262 @entity1 during the periods 2004 to 2007 and 2010 to 2012. Kaplan Meier method and Cox regression were used to calculate @entity0 mortality and cumulative survival experiences. RESULTS: Sixty-three out of 262 (23  %) deaths were observed; mean age was 45  years, and 91 observations ended on or before follow-up. Luminal B median survival was months. The 5-year cumulative survival was 51.8 %. There were no stage I and II deaths. There were no differences in survival by phenotype adjusted for age, but there were differences for stage IV (p   =   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative 5-year survival was 51.8 %. The burden of @entity3 and associated mortality were high, and a significant number of @entity1 were lost to follow-up after their first contact.

title: XXXX survival experiences at a tertiary hospital in sub-Saharan Africa: a cohort study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Carbapenems are first-line agents for severe @entity1 with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria. The use of carbapenems, however, is associated with the emergence of resistant organisms. We investigated the effects of empirical therapy with non-carbapenems on @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a hospital where antimicrobial stewardship has been established. METHODS: This retrospective chart review was undertaken at a tertiary care hospital where antimicrobial stewardship and restriction of carbapenems has been established. @entity0 with a UTI with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae were stratified into susceptible and non-susceptible therapy groups according to the susceptibility of the causative organism to the initial antimicrobial therapy. Outcome measures were the duration of antimicrobial therapy, 14-day mortality, infection-related mortality, and clinical cure. RESULTS: Of 90 @entity0 , 30 (33.3%) exhibited susceptible therapy. However, no significant difference was observed in the duration of antimicrobial therapy, 14-day mortality, infection-related mortality, or clinical cure between the susceptible and non-susceptible groups. Multivariate analyses revealed that the independent risk factor for 14-day morality was the use of immunosuppressive agents (odds ratio 5.23, 95% confidence interval 1.26-24.04; p=0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Non- @entity3 therapy against @entity2 with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae does not pose a significant risk to @entity0 who are not taking immunosuppressive agents.

title: Efficacy of empirical therapy with non-carbapenems for XXXX with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced @entity1 is a common clinical problem still poorly understood. The presence of GC receptor (GR) in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells suggests a direct role for GC in vasculature. In response to hemodynamic shear stress, endothelium tonically releases @entity5 (NO), @entity13 ( @entity13 ) and prostacyclin contributing to vascular homeostasis. Recently, @entity10 ( @entity11 ) has been proposed as a candidate for @entity13 . @entity11 is endogenously mainly formed from @entity3 by the action of @entity12 -b-synthase (CBS) and @entity12 -y-lyase (CSE). It plays many physiological roles and contributes to cardiovascular function. Here we have evaluated the role played by @entity11 in mesenteric arterial bed and in carotid artery harvested from @entity0 treated with vehicle or @entity4 (DEX; 1.5   mg/kg/day) for 8 days. During treatments systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in conscious @entity0 . @entity13 contribution was evaluated in ex-vivo by performing a concentration-response curve induced by @entity6 ( @entity8 ) in presence of a combination of @entity9 and L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester in both vascular districts. @entity13 -mediated relaxation was significantly reduced in DEX-treated group in both mesenteric bed and carotid artery. @entity13 -mediated relaxation was abolished by pre-treatment with both apamin and charybdotoxin, inhibitors of small and big @entity2 -dependent @entity7 channels respectively, or with @entity14 , inhibitor of CSE. Western blot analysis revealed a marked reduction in CBS and CSE expression as well as @entity11 production in homogenates of mesenteric arterial bed and carotid artery from DEX-treated @entity0 . In parallel, @entity11 plasma levels were significantly reduced in DEX group compared with vehicle. In conclusion, an impairment in @entity13 / @entity11 signaling occurs in earlier state of GC-induced @entity1 in @entity0 suggesting that counteracting this dysfunction may be beneficial to manage DEX-associated increase in blood pressure.

title: XXXX is involved in @entity4 -induced @entity1 in @entity0 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced @entity1 is a common clinical problem still poorly understood. The presence of GC receptor (GR) in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells suggests a direct role for GC in vasculature. In response to hemodynamic shear stress, endothelium tonically releases @entity5 (NO), @entity13 ( @entity13 ) and prostacyclin contributing to vascular homeostasis. Recently, @entity10 ( @entity11 ) has been proposed as a candidate for @entity13 . @entity11 is endogenously mainly formed from @entity3 by the action of @entity12 -b-synthase (CBS) and @entity12 -y-lyase (CSE). It plays many physiological roles and contributes to cardiovascular function. Here we have evaluated the role played by @entity11 in mesenteric arterial bed and in carotid artery harvested from @entity0 treated with vehicle or @entity4 (DEX; 1.5   mg/kg/day) for 8 days. During treatments systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in conscious @entity0 . @entity13 contribution was evaluated in ex-vivo by performing a concentration-response curve induced by @entity6 ( @entity8 ) in presence of a combination of @entity9 and L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester in both vascular districts. @entity13 -mediated relaxation was significantly reduced in DEX-treated group in both mesenteric bed and carotid artery. @entity13 -mediated relaxation was abolished by pre-treatment with both apamin and charybdotoxin, inhibitors of small and big @entity2 -dependent @entity7 channels respectively, or with @entity14 , inhibitor of CSE. Western blot analysis revealed a marked reduction in CBS and CSE expression as well as @entity11 production in homogenates of mesenteric arterial bed and carotid artery from DEX-treated @entity0 . In parallel, @entity11 plasma levels were significantly reduced in DEX group compared with vehicle. In conclusion, an impairment in @entity13 / @entity11 signaling occurs in earlier state of GC-induced @entity1 in @entity0 suggesting that counteracting this dysfunction may be beneficial to manage DEX-associated increase in blood pressure.

title: @entity10 is involved in XXXX -induced @entity1 in @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced @entity1 is a common clinical problem still poorly understood. The presence of GC receptor (GR) in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells suggests a direct role for GC in vasculature. In response to hemodynamic shear stress, endothelium tonically releases @entity5 (NO), @entity13 ( @entity13 ) and prostacyclin contributing to vascular homeostasis. Recently, @entity10 ( @entity11 ) has been proposed as a candidate for @entity13 . @entity11 is endogenously mainly formed from @entity3 by the action of @entity12 -b-synthase (CBS) and @entity12 -y-lyase (CSE). It plays many physiological roles and contributes to cardiovascular function. Here we have evaluated the role played by @entity11 in mesenteric arterial bed and in carotid artery harvested from @entity0 treated with vehicle or @entity4 (DEX; 1.5   mg/kg/day) for 8 days. During treatments systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in conscious @entity0 . @entity13 contribution was evaluated in ex-vivo by performing a concentration-response curve induced by @entity6 ( @entity8 ) in presence of a combination of @entity9 and L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester in both vascular districts. @entity13 -mediated relaxation was significantly reduced in DEX-treated group in both mesenteric bed and carotid artery. @entity13 -mediated relaxation was abolished by pre-treatment with both apamin and charybdotoxin, inhibitors of small and big @entity2 -dependent @entity7 channels respectively, or with @entity14 , inhibitor of CSE. Western blot analysis revealed a marked reduction in CBS and CSE expression as well as @entity11 production in homogenates of mesenteric arterial bed and carotid artery from DEX-treated @entity0 . In parallel, @entity11 plasma levels were significantly reduced in DEX group compared with vehicle. In conclusion, an impairment in @entity13 / @entity11 signaling occurs in earlier state of GC-induced @entity1 in @entity0 suggesting that counteracting this dysfunction may be beneficial to manage DEX-associated increase in blood pressure.

title: @entity10 is involved in @entity4 -induced XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced @entity1 is a common clinical problem still poorly understood. The presence of GC receptor (GR) in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells suggests a direct role for GC in vasculature. In response to hemodynamic shear stress, endothelium tonically releases @entity5 (NO), @entity13 ( @entity13 ) and prostacyclin contributing to vascular homeostasis. Recently, @entity10 ( @entity11 ) has been proposed as a candidate for @entity13 . @entity11 is endogenously mainly formed from @entity3 by the action of @entity12 -b-synthase (CBS) and @entity12 -y-lyase (CSE). It plays many physiological roles and contributes to cardiovascular function. Here we have evaluated the role played by @entity11 in mesenteric arterial bed and in carotid artery harvested from @entity0 treated with vehicle or @entity4 (DEX; 1.5   mg/kg/day) for 8 days. During treatments systolic blood pressure was significantly increased in conscious @entity0 . @entity13 contribution was evaluated in ex-vivo by performing a concentration-response curve induced by @entity6 ( @entity8 ) in presence of a combination of @entity9 and L-NG-Nitroarginine methyl ester in both vascular districts. @entity13 -mediated relaxation was significantly reduced in DEX-treated group in both mesenteric bed and carotid artery. @entity13 -mediated relaxation was abolished by pre-treatment with both apamin and charybdotoxin, inhibitors of small and big @entity2 -dependent @entity7 channels respectively, or with @entity14 , inhibitor of CSE. Western blot analysis revealed a marked reduction in CBS and CSE expression as well as @entity11 production in homogenates of mesenteric arterial bed and carotid artery from DEX-treated @entity0 . In parallel, @entity11 plasma levels were significantly reduced in DEX group compared with vehicle. In conclusion, an impairment in @entity13 / @entity11 signaling occurs in earlier state of GC-induced @entity1 in @entity0 suggesting that counteracting this dysfunction may be beneficial to manage DEX-associated increase in blood pressure.

title: @entity10 is involved in @entity4 -induced @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of @entity6 carrying a @entity1 and match association between clinical factors and oncologic progression. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3) at a university hospital in Rome, Italy. We retrospectively analyzed data from 1027 @entity0 consecutively treated for @entity8 at our center in the period 2002-2011. The association of @entity1 with hormonal status, @entity5 , @entity4 , symptoms, @entity2 , @entity3 , and hormonal replacement therapy in pre- and post-menopausal @entity0 was assessed. RESULTS: Mean age was 45.8  10.8 years. @entity6 accounted for 95.8% of the total, pre-malignant for 2.67%, malignant for 1.54%. Our data showed that post-menopausal and older @entity0 (>60y) with @entity8 have a higher risk of developing a related @entity7 (OR: 3.05, 95% CI [1.54, 6.19], p<0.001 and OR: 2.8, 95% CI [1.38, 5.56], p <=0.003. Also we observed that @entity0 with AUB in the post-menopausal period displayed a risk of @entity1 (OR: 31.1, 95% CI [10.3,111], p value <0.001). CONCLUSION: Special attention should be drawn to symptomatic post-menopausal @entity0 that appear to be at higher risk of @entity1 . Symptomatic pre-menopausal @entity0 and asymptomatic post-menopausal @entity0 with @entity6 may be a group with intermediate-risk. These @entity0 should undergo an individualized management plan, balancing both risks and benefits of surgical intervention after discussion with the @entity0 .

title: Clinical factors and @entity1 in XXXX . Analysis of 1027 cases.

answer: @entity8


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of @entity6 carrying a @entity1 and match association between clinical factors and oncologic progression. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3) at a university hospital in Rome, Italy. We retrospectively analyzed data from 1027 @entity0 consecutively treated for @entity8 at our center in the period 2002-2011. The association of @entity1 with hormonal status, @entity5 , @entity4 , symptoms, @entity2 , @entity3 , and hormonal replacement therapy in pre- and post-menopausal @entity0 was assessed. RESULTS: Mean age was 45.8  10.8 years. @entity6 accounted for 95.8% of the total, pre-malignant for 2.67%, malignant for 1.54%. Our data showed that post-menopausal and older @entity0 (>60y) with @entity8 have a higher risk of developing a related @entity7 (OR: 3.05, 95% CI [1.54, 6.19], p<0.001 and OR: 2.8, 95% CI [1.38, 5.56], p <=0.003. Also we observed that @entity0 with AUB in the post-menopausal period displayed a risk of @entity1 (OR: 31.1, 95% CI [10.3,111], p value <0.001). CONCLUSION: Special attention should be drawn to symptomatic post-menopausal @entity0 that appear to be at higher risk of @entity1 . Symptomatic pre-menopausal @entity0 and asymptomatic post-menopausal @entity0 with @entity6 may be a group with intermediate-risk. These @entity0 should undergo an individualized management plan, balancing both risks and benefits of surgical intervention after discussion with the @entity0 .

title: Clinical factors and XXXX in @entity8 . Analysis of 1027 cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Promoter hypermethylation and reduced expression of many genes have been found in @entity2 . DNA methyltransferases are enzymes potentially affecting promoter hypermethylation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed proteins expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 and 3b by immunohistochemistry in 47 surgically resected @entity2 samples for which clinicopathological characteristics, @entity0 's outcome and methylation status of 11 selected @entity1 -related genes have been determined. Promoter methylation status of genes was assessed by methylation specific PCR. RESULTS: We found that @entity5 were up-regulated in @entity2 and were detected in 51.1% and 57.4% of cases, respectively. Co-expression of @entity5 was detected in 44.7%. Correlations analysis have showed that @entity4 overexpression was significantly correlated with @entity2 of intestinal histological type (P=0.01) and with gender of @entity0 (P=0.01). However, there was no correlation between @entity4 and @entity3 overexpression in @entity1 and @entity0 outcome. Moreover, there were no clear relations between the proteins expression of @entity5 and DNA methylation status of genes. But co-expression of @entity4 and @entity3 was significantly associated with promoter hypermethylation of RAR-b2 (P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Results from our study indicate that @entity5 were overexpressed and could be involved in gastric tumorigenesis of intestinal histological type in the case of Tunisian @entity0 .

title: Increased DNA methyltransferase 1 protein expression correlates significantly with intestinal histological type and gender in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that induces strong proinflammatory responses, such as @entity2 production. Much less is known about the induction of immune modulatory cytokines, such as the IL-1 receptor antagonist ( @entity1 ) that is the main natural antagonist of IL-1, by @entity3 . METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy individuals were stimulated with @entity3 and different components of the fungal cell wall. The role of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) for the induction of @entity2 and @entity1 was investigated by using specific blockers or in PBMC from @entity4 deficient @entity0 . RESULTS: @entity3 induced a strong @entity1 response, and this induction was primarily induced by the cell-wall component b-glucan. Blocking @entity1 significantly increased @entity3 b-glucan hyphae induced @entity2 and IL-6 production. Surprisingly, blocking the b-glucan receptor @entity4 or the downstream Syk or Raf-1 pathways only marginally reduced @entity3 -induced @entity1 production, while blocking of the complement receptor 3 (CR3), TLR2 or TLR4 had no effect. In line with this, blocking MAP kinases had little effect on Candida-induced @entity1 production. PBMC isolated from @entity4 deficient @entity0 produced normal @entity1 amounts in response to @entity3 stimulation. Interestingly, the @entity1 synthesis induced by b-glucan was blocked by inhibitors of the Akt/PI3K pathway. CONCLUSIONS: b-glucan of @entity3 induces a strong @entity1 response, which is independent of the b-glucan receptors @entity4 and CR3. These data strongly argue for the existence of an unknown b-glucan receptor that specifically induces an Akt/PI3K-dependent anti-inflammatory @entity1 response upon recognition of @entity3 .

title: An anti-inflammatory property of @entity3 b-glucan: Induction of high levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist via a XXXX /CR3 independent mechanism.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that induces strong proinflammatory responses, such as @entity2 production. Much less is known about the induction of immune modulatory cytokines, such as the IL-1 receptor antagonist ( @entity1 ) that is the main natural antagonist of IL-1, by @entity3 . METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy individuals were stimulated with @entity3 and different components of the fungal cell wall. The role of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) for the induction of @entity2 and @entity1 was investigated by using specific blockers or in PBMC from @entity4 deficient @entity0 . RESULTS: @entity3 induced a strong @entity1 response, and this induction was primarily induced by the cell-wall component b-glucan. Blocking @entity1 significantly increased @entity3 b-glucan hyphae induced @entity2 and IL-6 production. Surprisingly, blocking the b-glucan receptor @entity4 or the downstream Syk or Raf-1 pathways only marginally reduced @entity3 -induced @entity1 production, while blocking of the complement receptor 3 (CR3), TLR2 or TLR4 had no effect. In line with this, blocking MAP kinases had little effect on Candida-induced @entity1 production. PBMC isolated from @entity4 deficient @entity0 produced normal @entity1 amounts in response to @entity3 stimulation. Interestingly, the @entity1 synthesis induced by b-glucan was blocked by inhibitors of the Akt/PI3K pathway. CONCLUSIONS: b-glucan of @entity3 induces a strong @entity1 response, which is independent of the b-glucan receptors @entity4 and CR3. These data strongly argue for the existence of an unknown b-glucan receptor that specifically induces an Akt/PI3K-dependent anti-inflammatory @entity1 response upon recognition of @entity3 .

title: An anti-inflammatory property of XXXX b-glucan: Induction of high levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist via a @entity4 /CR3 independent mechanism.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 is a rare @entity6 with an unpredictable malignant potential. Different therapeutic options are available, depending on the basis of disease extension and the @entity0 's overall condition. A correct pathological diagnosis is necessary and is often based on scant material. Here, we report a case diagnosed on fine needle aspiration and on a small surgical biopsy. In addition, we will review the literature. The @entity0 is a 54-year-old @entity0 who presented with persistent @entity3 in the right hypochondrium and suffered from @entity4 . Ultrasound examination and CT scan showed several focal and confluent hepatic lesions. Thus, an ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-FNA) was performed. A cytological diagnosis of @entity5 with epithelioid component was performed. Afterwards, a hepatic "small biopsy" (SB) was made. Histological and immunohistochemical data were consistent with a @entity2 diagnosis. The @entity0 , however, is in good general condition and is waiting for a hepatic transplantation; repeated total CT scan showed no signs of @entity1 . The literature was reviewed in order to define the pathological features that were helpful in the cytological and histological diagnosis of @entity2 , and to better understand if pathological data is prognostically useful.

title: XXXX : Pitfalls in the diagnosis on fine needle cytology and "small biopsy" and review of the literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Electrophysiological characteristics of olfactory-hippocampal relations were examined because recent anatomical studies have described a substantial olfactory input to the hippocampus via the entorhinal cortex. Potentials evoked in the dorsal hippocampus of anesthetized @entity0 by stimulation of the prepyriform cortex, pyriform cortex, diagonal band, lateral olfactory tract, anterior commissure, olfactory tubercle and anterior olfactory nucleus had similar characteristics, although latencies differed. For example, latencies were twice as long after stimulation of the obliquely oriented portion of the diagonal band than after stimulation of the prepyriform cortex. A relatively low-amplitude, initially negative wave was recorded in the subiculum, @entity1 and @entity2 , and a relatively high-amplitude, initially positive wave was recorded in @entity4 and the dentate gyrus. In @entity3 negative potentials were observed at dorsal recording sites and positive potentials were recorded at more ventral sites. Peak latencies were usually two to four msec shorter for the negative than for the positive wave. Laminar distributions of responses evoked in the hippocampus by stimulation of the prepyriform cortex and diagonal band were evaluated by driving eight electrodes mounted on one carrier through the brain and were found to be strikingly similar. Maximal amplitudes of the negative wave were recorded at the level of stratum moleculare of @entity1 and the subiculum, and peak amplitudes of the positive wave were associated with the hilus of the dentae gyrus. Transition from negative to positive waveforms occurred approximately at the hippocampal fissure. Although the negative and positive waves were usually elicited together, they also were separable in that only negative waves were recorded along some tracks and only positive waves along others. Also, various stimulation sites in the prepyriform cortex elicited stable high-amplitude positive waves accompanied by negative waves of varying amplitude. It is suggested that branches of the perforant path are involved in generation of the two waves and that activity in a number of olfactory structures may influence the hippocampus, probably via the perforant pathway. Thus, hippocampal potentials following prepyriform or diagnonal band stimulation were not abolished by transection of the fornix-fimbria. Dorsolateral septal stimulation evoked hippocampal responses with characteristics and distribution distinctly different from those evoked by stimulation of olfactory areas. The findings suggest that lateral septal stimulation may activate the hippocampus antidromically.

title: Hippocampal potentials evoked by stimulation of olfactory basal forebrain and lateral septum in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Both @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are common yet underappreciated risk factors for adverse perioperative outcomes. We hypothesize that @entity4 and @entity3 are associated with similar increases in 90-day mortality and cost in @entity0 undergoing major vascular surgery. METHODS: We used multivariable regression analyses to evaluate the associations between @entity4 and @entity3 and incremental 90-day mortality and hospital cost in a single-center cohort of 3646 adult @entity0 undergoing major vascular surgery. We defined @entity4 using Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria as change in @entity5 >=  0.3 mg/dL or >=  50% increase from the reference value. @entity3 was determined from medical history. Regression models were adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, comorbid conditions, surgery type, and @entity2 . RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity1 among vascular surgery @entity0 is high with 49% of @entity0 developing @entity4 during hospitalization and 17% presenting with @entity3 on admission. In risk-adjusted logistic regression analysis, perioperative @entity4 (odds ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval 1.5-3.3) was the most significant predictor of 90-day mortality. The risk-adjusted average cost was significantly higher for @entity0 with any @entity1 . The incremental cost of having any @entity1 ranged from  9100 to  19,100, even after adjustment for underlying comorbidities and other @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 after major vascular surgery is associated with significant increases in 90-day mortality and cost with the highest risk observed among @entity0 with @entity4 regardless of previous @entity3 .

title: Mortality and Cost of XXXX after Vascular Surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Existing techniques for operative treatment of @entity2 commonly combine skeletal and soft tissue interventions to obtain long-lasting relief of @entity1 . To date, operative treatments include implant arthroplasty, cheilectomy, various osteotomies, nonimplant arthroplasty, and arthrodesis. We assessed a technique that respects the anatomy and joint function and used a shortening osteotomy of the head of the first metatarsal. METHODS: We evaluated a series of 40 consecutive @entity0 affected by grade II and III @entity2 , aged 32 to 79 years, who had undergone surgery from January 2010 to January 2014. All @entity0 were evaluated clinically and radiographically, preoperatively and postoperatively, and underwent a final follow-up at a mean of 35.4 (range = 12-51) months. For the clinical evaluation, the American Orthopaedic Foot _ Ankle Society (AOFAS) clinical rating scale for the hallux metatarsophalangeal-interphalangeal joints was used. RESULTS: A @entity0 survey revealed excellent and good overall satisfaction in 90% of the sample. Postoperative results included a significant increase (P < .001) in the median global AOFAS score, from 39 (range = 25-60) to 84 (range = 78-94). CONCLUSIONS: The technique of a shortening osteotomy of the first metatarsal head appeared to be useful for the correction of stiffness, @entity1 relief, and an improvement in range of motion. Other advantages were that it preserved the integrity of the metatarsophalangeal joint and led to a rapid functional recovery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, retrospective case series.

title: Outcome of Distal First Metatarsal Osteotomy Shortening in XXXX Grades II and III.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Bifidobacteria are anaerobes and are difficult to culture in conventional fermentation system. It was observed that @entity4 enhanced growth of @entity5 by about 3-fold in a whole @entity0 solid-state co-fermentation, in a non-anaerobic condition. For the purpose of understanding the metabolic interactions between Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9 and Ba. subtilis natto, the transcriptome of Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9 and Ba. subtilis natto was analyzed in single and mixed cultures using RNA-Seq. Compared with the single culture, 459 genes of Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9 were up regulated and 21 were down regulated in the mixed culture with Ba. subtilis natto, with more than 2-fold difference. Predictive metagenomic analyses suggested that Ba. subtilis natto up regulated transport functions, complex @entity2 and @entity3 metabolism, DNA repair, oxydative stress-related functions, and cell growth of Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9. In the mixed culture with Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9, only 3 transcripts of Ba. subtilis natto were over-expressed and 3115 were under-expressed with more than 2-fold difference. The highest down-regulated genes were those involved in @entity1 and @entity3 metabolism. The data presented here demonstrated a parasitic-like interaction regulated at the transcription level, between Ba. subtilis natto and Bif. animalis subsp. lactis in the mixed culture. The over-expression of genes involved in substrate uptake and metabolism in Bif. animalis subsp. lactis in the mixed culture nevertheless, led to its higher cell concentration in the nutrient rich whole @entity0 medium.

title: RNA-Seq reveals transcriptomic interactions of XXXX and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis in whole @entity0 solid-state co-fermentation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Bifidobacteria are anaerobes and are difficult to culture in conventional fermentation system. It was observed that @entity4 enhanced growth of @entity5 by about 3-fold in a whole @entity0 solid-state co-fermentation, in a non-anaerobic condition. For the purpose of understanding the metabolic interactions between Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9 and Ba. subtilis natto, the transcriptome of Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9 and Ba. subtilis natto was analyzed in single and mixed cultures using RNA-Seq. Compared with the single culture, 459 genes of Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9 were up regulated and 21 were down regulated in the mixed culture with Ba. subtilis natto, with more than 2-fold difference. Predictive metagenomic analyses suggested that Ba. subtilis natto up regulated transport functions, complex @entity2 and @entity3 metabolism, DNA repair, oxydative stress-related functions, and cell growth of Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9. In the mixed culture with Bif. animalis subsp. lactis v9, only 3 transcripts of Ba. subtilis natto were over-expressed and 3115 were under-expressed with more than 2-fold difference. The highest down-regulated genes were those involved in @entity1 and @entity3 metabolism. The data presented here demonstrated a parasitic-like interaction regulated at the transcription level, between Ba. subtilis natto and Bif. animalis subsp. lactis in the mixed culture. The over-expression of genes involved in substrate uptake and metabolism in Bif. animalis subsp. lactis in the mixed culture nevertheless, led to its higher cell concentration in the nutrient rich whole @entity0 medium.

title: RNA-Seq reveals transcriptomic interactions of @entity4 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis in whole XXXX solid-state co-fermentation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: During agonistic encounters, the perception of a larger opponent through morphological signaling typically suppresses @entity0 in the smaller individual, preventing contest intensity escalation. However, non-morphological factors such as central @entity2 ( @entity2 ) activity can influence individual @entity0 , potentially altering contest intensity despite initial size discrepancies. When male stalk-eyed flies (Teleopsis dalmanni) fight, contest escalation is directly proportional to similarity in body size, with escalation being lower in size-mismatched contests. We have shown that both high-intensity @entity0 and the probability of winning are increased in males with pharmacologically elevated @entity2 relative to size-matched non-treated opponents. Here, we hypothesized that, in size-mismatched contests, increasing brain @entity2 in the smaller opponent could similarly increase @entity0 and counteract the low contest intensity normally driven by size discrepancy. Size-mismatched male pairs (greater than 5% difference in @entity3 ) engaged in a forced fight paradigm, with the smaller @entity1 either untreated or with pharmacologically elevated @entity2 levels. The expression of high-intensity aggressive behaviors was significantly increased in smaller treated opponents, but the probability of winning was not altered. This suggests that while elevated serotonergic activity can increase @entity0 and intensity despite perception of a larger opponent, this is not sufficient to overcome size biases with respect to contest outcome. However, the fact that larger opponents continued to win against smaller treated flies was not simply a function of size. Instead, untreated larger males adjusted their fighting strategy to match the increased @entity0 of their smaller treated opponent, suggesting contextual flexibility in behavior based on individual opponent assessment.

title: David vs. Goliath: XXXX modulates opponent perception between smaller and larger rivals.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: -Extravascular smooth muscle cells are often observed in the endocardium of @entity0 failing hearts. Here we characterized the phenotype of those cells and investigated their physiological significance. METHODS AND RESULTS: -We examined left ventricular biopsy specimens obtained from 44 @entity0 with @entity2 and 6 nonfailing hearts. In Masson's trichrome-stained histological preparations, bundles of smooth muscle cells were seen localized in the endocardium in 23 of the 44 specimens (none of the 6 controls). These cells were immunopositive for a-smooth muscle actin, type 2 smooth muscle myosin, @entity5 and calponin, but were negative for embryonic smooth muscle myosin, @entity4 , fibronectin and periostin. This profile is indicative of a late differentiation (contractile) smooth muscle phenotype. Electron microscopy confirmed that phenotype, revealing the cells to contain abundant myofilaments with dense bodies but little rough endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus. In the endocardial smooth muscle-positive group, the left ventricular end-systolic volume index (73  34 vs. 105  50 mL/m(2), p = 0.021), left ventricular peak wall stress (164  47 vs. 196  43 dynes   10(3)/cm(2), p = 0.023) and left ventricular end-systolic meridional wall stress (97  38 vs. 121  37 dynes   10(3)/cm(2), p = 0.036) were all significantly smaller and the ejection fraction was larger (41  8.8 vs. 33  9.3%, p = 0.005) than in the endocardial smooth muscle-negative group. However, no histological parameters differed between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: -Endocardial smooth muscle cell bundles in hearts with @entity2 exhibit a mature contractile phenotype and may play a compensatory role mitigating @entity3 by reducing left ventricular wall stress and @entity1 .

title: Phenotype and Physiological Significance of the Endocardial Smooth Muscle Cells in XXXX Failing Hearts.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 and visitor violence ( @entity3 ) towards staff is common across health settings. It has negative effects on staff and treatment provision. Little data is available from the developing world. AIMS: To examine the prevalence of @entity3 in India and make comparisons with the existing data. METHODS: We administered an abbreviated version of the Survey of Violence Experienced by Staff (SOVES-A) in English in Mysore on medical and @entity1 wards. RESULTS: 249 staff participated. 16% of staff in @entity1 wards were subjected to some form of @entity3 in the past 4 weeks which is lower than in the developed world. 57% of staff on medical wards experienced @entity3 which is similar to the developed world. @entity0 and Visitors were almost equal sources of this violence. @entity2 was more common than threats and physical assaults. Training in aggression management may be a protective factor. CONCLUSION: @entity3 is a significant problem in India, especially on medical wards. Aggression management training may be a way to reduce the prevalence of @entity3 .

title: @entity0 and visitor violence towards staff on medical and XXXX wards in India.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 and visitor violence ( @entity3 ) towards staff is common across health settings. It has negative effects on staff and treatment provision. Little data is available from the developing world. AIMS: To examine the prevalence of @entity3 in India and make comparisons with the existing data. METHODS: We administered an abbreviated version of the Survey of Violence Experienced by Staff (SOVES-A) in English in Mysore on medical and @entity1 wards. RESULTS: 249 staff participated. 16% of staff in @entity1 wards were subjected to some form of @entity3 in the past 4 weeks which is lower than in the developed world. 57% of staff on medical wards experienced @entity3 which is similar to the developed world. @entity0 and Visitors were almost equal sources of this violence. @entity2 was more common than threats and physical assaults. Training in aggression management may be a protective factor. CONCLUSION: @entity3 is a significant problem in India, especially on medical wards. Aggression management training may be a way to reduce the prevalence of @entity3 .

title: XXXX and visitor violence towards staff on medical and @entity1 wards in India.

answer: @entity0


abstract: One hundred forty-four critically ill @entity0 admitted to an intensive care setting were randomly assigned to @entity8 or antacid treatament groups. Gastric pH was monitored hourly. One hundred twenty-three (85%) @entity0 demonstrated a fall in pH to less than 4 and were considered to require prophylaxis. Prophylaxis was considered adequate if the measured pH could then be maintained at greater than or equal to 4. Fifty-eight @entity0 received antacids alone, the average requirement being 41 cc/hour. Sixty-five @entity0 received @entity8 . Seventeen (26%) of the @entity8 prophylaxis @entity0 failed to raise their pH and were than placed on hourly administration of antacid with successful elevations of pH to greater than or equal to 4 in all cases on an average supplementary dose of 53 cc/hour. Risk factors, including @entity2 , @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity7 , degree of @entity1 , and age, were not statistically different in the two treated groups. Using these same criteria, responders to @entity8 could not be differentiated from nonresponders. All @entity0 were protected from significant stress @entity5 while on this study. Significant complications of either treatment were minimal. Antacids offered consistent protection against @entity3 and were 100% effective. A routine schedule of 300 mg every six hours of @entity8 was effective in only 47% of @entity0 , and the maximum dose of @entity8 was effective in only 74% of @entity0 . Hourly measurement of intragastric pH is required for monitoring the response to prophylaxis of stress @entity5 in severely ill @entity0 .

title: Randomized prospective evaluation of XXXX and antacid control of gastric pH in the critically ill.

answer: @entity8


abstract: AIMS: In @entity1 with @entity0 , the association between the number of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) removed and survival is poorly known. Our objective was to evaluate this association on @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: Data of 144 517 @entity1 with invasive T1-3M0 @entity0 and initial treatment with @entity3 biopsy were extracted from the SEER database. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: The number of SLNs harvested and the completion of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were not associated with @entity2 improvement for @entity1 without metastatic nodes. After adjustment, @entity1 with three SLNs had a better @entity2 than did other groups (HR of 0.73 CI 95% [0.60-0.88], p  =  0.001). This result was mainly driven by the group of @entity1 with one metastatic LN. When @entity1 had two or more metastatic LNs, there was no difference in @entity2 according to the number of SLNs or to completion of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The number of @entity3 harvested was associated with @entity2 . According to @entity2 , the optimal number of SLNs harvested was three in this large series, thereby calling into question the understaging or undertreatment of @entity3 biopsy in which only one or two SLNs are harvested but also the therapeutic effect of completion @entity3 .

title: Association of the number of sentinel lymph nodes harvested with survival in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To make an inventory of the number and nature of @entity2 caused by private firework use in the Netherlands during the New Year celebrations 2013-2014 and that were seen and treated by plastic surgeons. DESIGN: Descriptive study. METHOD: In October 2013 the Netherlands Association of Plastic Surgeons (Nederlandse Vereniging voor Plastische Chirurgie) asked its members to register @entity0 treated for @entity2 caused by fireworks during the New Year celebrations 2013-2014. The registration form was sent to all members by email. @entity0 data, the sort of firework, the nature of and treatment for the @entity1 of the fireworks were registered. It was also important to note which hand was affected, whether it was the dominant hand and how many fingers were involved. Finger, thumb and hand amputations were also recorded. RESULTS: A total of 76 @entity0 were seen by a plastic surgeon for the treatment of @entity2 caused by fireworks. The @entity0 were all male. In 50% of @entity0 the injury was caused by setting off illegal fireworks. The largest group of victims were aged < 18 years. In 7 @entity0 the hand was amputated to the level of the radiocarpal joint. A total of 232 fingers were injured by fireworks, leading to 63 total finger amputations, including 11 total thumb amputations. Many serious injuries occurred outside the legally permitted time period for setting off fireworks. CONCLUSION: The number of victims with serious @entity2 caused by fireworks was high during the New Year celebrations 2013-2014 and had increased in comparison with the preceding year. The majority of victims were aged < 18 years and were injured while setting off illegal fireworks by themselves.

title: [ XXXX caused by fireworks and treated by plastic surgeons].

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Subchondral bone mineral density (sBMD) contributes to the initiation and progression of @entity2 ( @entity1 ). Reliable methods to assess sBMD status may predict the response of specific @entity1 phenotypes to targeted therapies. While dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the knee can determine sBMD, no consensus exists regarding its methodology. OBJECTIVE: Construct a semi-standardized protocol for knee DXA to measure sBMD in @entity0 with @entity1 of the knee by evaluating the varying methodologies present in existing literature. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of original papers published in PubMed and Web of Science from their inception to July 2014 using the following search terms: subchondral bone, @entity1 , and bone mineral density. RESULTS: DXA of the knee can be performed with similar reproducibility values to those proposed by the International Society for Clinical Densitometry for the hip and spine. We identified acquisition view, @entity3 , knee positioning and stabilization, ROI location and definition, and the type of analysis software as important sources of variation. A proposed knee DXA protocol was constructed taking into consideration the results of the review. CONCLUSIONS: DXA of the knee can be reliably performed in @entity0 with knee @entity1 . Nevertheless, we found substantial methodological variation across previous studies. Methodological standardization may provide a foundation from which to establish DXA of the knee as a valid tool for identification of SB changes and as an outcome measure in clinical trials of disease modifying osteoarthritic drugs.

title: DXA in the assessment of subchondral bone mineral density in XXXX -A semi-standardized protocol after systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity2 on ablation outcome in longstanding persistent @entity1 (LSPAF) @entity0 is not known yet. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of @entity2 on procedural-outcomes in LSPAF @entity0 undergoing catheter ablation. METHODS: We enrolled 112 LSPAF @entity0 on @entity2 and scheduled to undergo @entity1 ( @entity1 ) ablation. @entity0 were randomized to @entity2 discontinuation 4 months before ablation (group 1, n = 56) and a control group (group 2, n = 56) in which ablation was performed without @entity2 discontinuation. All @entity0 underwent pulmonary vein (PV) antrum and posterior wall isolation, defragmentation and extra PV triggers ablation. @entity0 were followed up for recurrence for 32    8 months post-ablation. Repeat procedures in all recurrent @entity0 were performed off @entity2 . RESULTS: During ablation, @entity1 termination was more frequent in group 2 compared to group 1 [44 (79%) vs 32 (57%), P = .015]. After high-dosage @entity3 , more non-PV triggers were disclosed in group 1 compared to group 2 (42 [75%] vs 24 [43%] respectively, P <.001). Group 2 had lower procedure, radiofrequency and fluoroscopy times compared to group 1 (2.7    1 vs 3.1    1 h, 69    13 min vs 87    11 min and 64    14 min vs 85    18 min respectively). At 32    8 month follow-up, on or off antiarrhythmic drug success rate was 37 (66%) in group 1 and 27 (48%) in group 2 (P = .04). During redo, new non-PV trigger sites were identified in group 2 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Periprocedural continuous @entity2 was associated with higher organization rate and lower radiofrequency ablation rate. However, masking non-PV triggers increased the late recurrence rate.

title: Effect of periprocedural XXXX on procedure outcome in longstanding persistent @entity1 undergoing extended pulmonary vein antrum isolation: Results from a randomized study (SPECULATE).

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity2 on ablation outcome in longstanding persistent @entity1 (LSPAF) @entity0 is not known yet. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of @entity2 on procedural-outcomes in LSPAF @entity0 undergoing catheter ablation. METHODS: We enrolled 112 LSPAF @entity0 on @entity2 and scheduled to undergo @entity1 ( @entity1 ) ablation. @entity0 were randomized to @entity2 discontinuation 4 months before ablation (group 1, n = 56) and a control group (group 2, n = 56) in which ablation was performed without @entity2 discontinuation. All @entity0 underwent pulmonary vein (PV) antrum and posterior wall isolation, defragmentation and extra PV triggers ablation. @entity0 were followed up for recurrence for 32    8 months post-ablation. Repeat procedures in all recurrent @entity0 were performed off @entity2 . RESULTS: During ablation, @entity1 termination was more frequent in group 2 compared to group 1 [44 (79%) vs 32 (57%), P = .015]. After high-dosage @entity3 , more non-PV triggers were disclosed in group 1 compared to group 2 (42 [75%] vs 24 [43%] respectively, P <.001). Group 2 had lower procedure, radiofrequency and fluoroscopy times compared to group 1 (2.7    1 vs 3.1    1 h, 69    13 min vs 87    11 min and 64    14 min vs 85    18 min respectively). At 32    8 month follow-up, on or off antiarrhythmic drug success rate was 37 (66%) in group 1 and 27 (48%) in group 2 (P = .04). During redo, new non-PV trigger sites were identified in group 2 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Periprocedural continuous @entity2 was associated with higher organization rate and lower radiofrequency ablation rate. However, masking non-PV triggers increased the late recurrence rate.

title: Effect of periprocedural @entity2 on procedure outcome in longstanding persistent XXXX undergoing extended pulmonary vein antrum isolation: Results from a randomized study (SPECULATE).

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The collection of a complete, verified medication history is essential to @entity0 safety. The involvement of clinical pharmacists has been shown to improve the completeness and accuracy of medication histories; however, to our knowledge, involvement of pharmacy technicians has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine whether verification of medication histories by pharmacy technicians in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) would result in fewer errors in inpatient medication regimens compared to verification by the admitting physician team. METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study of adult @entity1 @entity0 admitted for continuing care. In the intervention group, medication reconciliation was performed by pharmacy technicians in the @entity1 before the creation of physician admitting orders. In the control group, pharmacy technicians conducted their history taking later, after admission. Initial admitting orders were then compared to the pharmacy technicians' medication reconciliation taken before admission (intervention group) or after admission (control group). Medication discrepancies were classified and determined to be justified or unjustified. Unjustified discrepancies were rated for harm potential. RESULTS: In our cohort of 113 intervention and 75 control subjects, the mean age was 55  years (standard deviation [SD] 16  years); 96 @entity0 (51%) were male. In the intervention group, 566 changes to home medications were observed on admission; 352 (62%) were unjustified. Among controls, 406 changes to home medications were observed; 228 (56%) were unjustified. This difference was not statistically significant (p  =  0.0586). The rate of unjustified medication changes per @entity0 was likewise not significantly different (3.14 [SD 2.98] in interventions vs. 3.17 [SD 2.81] in controls; p  =  0.9570). The rate of medical errors did not differ between study groups, nor did severity ratings of unjustified changes. CONCLUSIONS: Medication reconciliation by pharmacy technicians in the @entity1 did not lead to a significant reduction in unjustified medication discrepancies.

title: A Prospective Cohort Study of Medication Reconciliation Using Pharmacy Technicians in the Emergency Department to Reduce Medication Errors among Admitted XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of @entity3 -based adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after radical cystectomy (RC) in non-organ-confined @entity2 . METHODS: Sixty-one @entity0 who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) underwent RC for locally advanced (pT3-4) or node-positive (pN1-3) @entity2 , or both, between 1990 and 2012. Of these @entity0 , 39 (64%) received @entity3 -based AC after RC (AC group) and the remaining 22 @entity0 (36%) did not (non-AC group). Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were compared between the groups. RESULTS: The AC group was significantly younger (P  = .004), but no significant differences were noted between the groups for pT stage, pN stage, nuclear grade, renal function, and salvage chemotherapy rates after recurrence. During a follow-up of 29 months (median), 40 @entity0 (67%) experienced recurrence/ @entity1 and 34 (56%) died of recurrent @entity2 . The AC group showed better @entity4 than the non-AC group, but the difference was not statistically significant ( @entity4 [ @entity4 ], 23.7 vs. 11.4 months, respectively; P  = .154). CSS was significantly better for the AC group than for the non-AC group ( @entity4 , 57.4 vs. 17.9 months, respectively; P  = .008). On multivariate analysis, AC was an independent predictive factor for both @entity4 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.325; P  = .005) and CSS (HR, 0.186; P  < .001), along with surgical margin status and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). In a subgroup analysis of 31 node-positive cases, the AC group had a significantly better CSS compared with the non-AC group (P  = .029). Analysis of node-negative cases (n  = 30) yielded no significant benefit for AC. CONCLUSION: Our observations suggest that postoperative @entity3 -based AC improves survival in locally advanced or node-positive @entity2 , especially in node-positive cases.

title: Adjuvant Chemotherapy Is Possibly Beneficial for  Locally Advanced or Node-Positive XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity9 is increasingly used for @entity1 prevention in @entity0 with @entity5 . Data about the safety of left atrial radiofrequency ablation procedures under continuous @entity9 therapy are lacking. We performed a matched-cohort study of @entity0 undergoing left atrium ablation procedures for @entity5 or left @entity6 . For each @entity0 on @entity9 , 2 @entity0 on @entity8 were matched by age, gender, and type of @entity4 . The primary safety end point was a composite of @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity2 . We identified 105 consecutive @entity0 (35 @entity0 ; mean age 63  years) on @entity9 and matched 210 @entity8 @entity0 (70 @entity0 , mean age 64  years). The primary end point was met in 11 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 26 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (10.5% vs 12.3%, p  = 0.71). Major @entity3 complications occurred in 1 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 1 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (1% vs 0.5%, p >0.99). @entity3 were observed in 10 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 25 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (9.5% vs 11.9%, p  = 0.61). No @entity0 in either group experienced a @entity7 event and no @entity0 died. In @entity0 on @entity9 , no clinical variable was predictive for @entity3 complications. Left atrial ablation procedures under continuous oral anticoagulation with @entity9 are feasible and as safe as under continuous oral anticoagulation with @entity8 .

title: Comparison of safety of left atrial catheter ablation procedures for XXXX under continuous anticoagulation with @entity9 versus @entity8 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity9 is increasingly used for @entity1 prevention in @entity0 with @entity5 . Data about the safety of left atrial radiofrequency ablation procedures under continuous @entity9 therapy are lacking. We performed a matched-cohort study of @entity0 undergoing left atrium ablation procedures for @entity5 or left @entity6 . For each @entity0 on @entity9 , 2 @entity0 on @entity8 were matched by age, gender, and type of @entity4 . The primary safety end point was a composite of @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity2 . We identified 105 consecutive @entity0 (35 @entity0 ; mean age 63  years) on @entity9 and matched 210 @entity8 @entity0 (70 @entity0 , mean age 64  years). The primary end point was met in 11 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 26 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (10.5% vs 12.3%, p  = 0.71). Major @entity3 complications occurred in 1 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 1 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (1% vs 0.5%, p >0.99). @entity3 were observed in 10 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 25 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (9.5% vs 11.9%, p  = 0.61). No @entity0 in either group experienced a @entity7 event and no @entity0 died. In @entity0 on @entity9 , no clinical variable was predictive for @entity3 complications. Left atrial ablation procedures under continuous oral anticoagulation with @entity9 are feasible and as safe as under continuous oral anticoagulation with @entity8 .

title: Comparison of safety of left atrial catheter ablation procedures for @entity4 under continuous anticoagulation with @entity9 versus XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity9 is increasingly used for @entity1 prevention in @entity0 with @entity5 . Data about the safety of left atrial radiofrequency ablation procedures under continuous @entity9 therapy are lacking. We performed a matched-cohort study of @entity0 undergoing left atrium ablation procedures for @entity5 or left @entity6 . For each @entity0 on @entity9 , 2 @entity0 on @entity8 were matched by age, gender, and type of @entity4 . The primary safety end point was a composite of @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity2 . We identified 105 consecutive @entity0 (35 @entity0 ; mean age 63  years) on @entity9 and matched 210 @entity8 @entity0 (70 @entity0 , mean age 64  years). The primary end point was met in 11 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 26 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (10.5% vs 12.3%, p  = 0.71). Major @entity3 complications occurred in 1 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 1 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (1% vs 0.5%, p >0.99). @entity3 were observed in 10 @entity0 of the @entity9 group and 25 @entity0 of the @entity8 group (9.5% vs 11.9%, p  = 0.61). No @entity0 in either group experienced a @entity7 event and no @entity0 died. In @entity0 on @entity9 , no clinical variable was predictive for @entity3 complications. Left atrial ablation procedures under continuous oral anticoagulation with @entity9 are feasible and as safe as under continuous oral anticoagulation with @entity8 .

title: Comparison of safety of left atrial catheter ablation procedures for @entity4 under continuous anticoagulation with XXXX versus @entity8 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: The recurrence rate of @entity2 after adrenalectomy is 6.5-16.5%. This study aims to identify predictors of recurrence and optimal biochemical testing and imaging for detecting the recurrence of @entity2 . METHODS: In this retrospective study we reviewed all @entity0 who underwent adrenalectomy for @entity2 during a 14-year period at a single institution. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-five @entity0 had adrenalectomy for @entity2 . Eight @entity0 (6%) developed recurrent disease. The median time from initial operation to diagnosis of recurrence was 35  months. On multivariate analysis, @entity1 size >5  cm was an independent predictor of recurrence. One @entity0 with recurrence died, 4 had stable disease, 2 had progression of disease, and 1 was cured. Recurrence was diagnosed by increases in plasma and/or urinary metanephrines and positive imaging in 6 @entity0 (75%), and by positive imaging and normal biochemical levels in 2 @entity0 (25%). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with large @entity1 (>5  cm) should be followed vigilantly for recurrence. Because 25% of @entity0 with recurrence had normal biochemical levels, we recommend routine imaging and testing of plasma or urinary metanephrines for prompt diagnosis of recurrence.

title: Predictors of recurrence in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is recognized as an important complication during @entity3 ablation. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and outcome of @entity1 during superior vena cava isolation (SVCI) and circumferential @entity2 (CPVI) using radiofrequency (RF) energy and the factors associated with its occurrence. METHODS AND RESULTS: Five hundred sixty-seven consecutive @entity0 who underwent SVCI after CPVI without substrate modification who completed a 12-month follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. Point-by-point RF applications were applied with maximum energy settings of 35 W and 30 seconds for the SVCI. In the former 210 @entity0 , sites where pacing captured the @entity4 were avoided whenever possible; however, the maximum power was 35 W. In the latter 357 @entity0 , RF energy was delivered regardless of @entity4 capture; however, the power at @entity4 capture sites was limited to 10 W during continuous diaphragmatic movement monitoring on fluoroscopy. Circumferential @entity2 and SVCI were successfully achieved in all. Twelve @entity0 (2.1%) had @entity1 during SVCI but not during CPVI. @entity1 completely recovered in all @entity0 a median of 8.0 months after the procedure. The prevalence was higher in the former period (3.8% vs 1.1%; P = .03). A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the study period (odds ratio 3.546; 95% CI 1.051-11.965; P = .041) was the sole independent predictor for identifying @entity0 with @entity1 during SVCI. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 occurred in 2.1% of the @entity0 . All occurred during SVCI but not during contemporary CPVI. Energy titration and continuous diaphragmatic movement monitoring significantly decreased the incidence during SVCI.

title: Prevalence and clinical outcome of XXXX during superior vena cava isolation and circumferential pulmonary vein antrum isolation using radiofrequency energy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The WHO declared the 2014 west African @entity2 a public health emergency of international concern in view of its potential for further international spread. Decision makers worldwide are in need of empirical data to inform and implement emergency response measures. Our aim was to assess the potential for Ebola virus to spread across international borders via commercial air travel and assess the relative efficiency of exit versus entry screening of travellers at commercial airports. METHODS: We analysed International Air Transport Association data for worldwide flight schedules between @entity3 , 2014, and Dec 31, 2014, and historic traveller flight itinerary data from 2013 to describe expected global population movements via commercial air travel out of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Coupled with Ebola virus surveillance data, we modelled the expected number of internationally exported Ebola @entity1 , the potential effect of air travel restrictions, and the efficiency of airport-based traveller screening at international ports of entry and exit. We deemed individuals initiating travel from any domestic or international airport within these three countries to have possible exposure to Ebola virus. We deemed all other travellers to have no significant risk of exposure to Ebola virus. FINDINGS: Based on epidemic conditions and international flight restrictions to and from Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone as of @entity3 , 2014 (reductions in passenger seats by 51% for Liberia, 66% for Guinea, and 85% for Sierra Leone), our model projects 2.8 travellers infected with Ebola virus departing the above three countries via commercial flights, on average, every month. 91,547 (64%) of all air travellers departing Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone had expected destinations in @entity0 and lower-middle-income countries. Screening international travellers departing three airports would enable health assessments of all travellers at highest risk of exposure to @entity2 . INTERPRETATION: Decision makers must carefully balance the potential harms from travel restrictions imposed on countries that have Ebola virus activity against any potential reductions in risk from Ebola virus importations. Exit screening of travellers at airports in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone would be the most efficient frontier at which to assess the health status of travellers at risk of Ebola virus exposure, however, this intervention might require international support to implement effectively. FUNDING: Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

title: Assessment of the potential for international XXXX via commercial air travel during the 2014 west African outbreak.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 treated with @entity3 agonist therapy can develop maladaptive reward-driven behaviors, known as @entity1 ( @entity1 ). In this study, we assessed if @entity1 @entity0 have evidence of motor-impulsivity. METHODS: We used the stop-signal task in a cohort of @entity0 with and without active symptoms of @entity1 to evaluate motor-impulsivity. Of those with @entity2 , 12 were diagnosed with @entity1 symptoms ( @entity2 ) and were assessed before clinical reduction of @entity3 agonist medication; 12 were without symptoms of @entity1 [ @entity2 -control] and taking equivalent dosages of @entity3 agonist. Levodopa, if present, was maintained in both settings. Groups were similar in age, duration, and severity of motor symptoms, levodopa co-therapy, and total levodopa daily dose. All were tested in the @entity3 agonist medicated and acutely withdrawn (24h) state, in a counterbalanced manner. Primary outcome measures were mean reaction time to correct go trials (go reaction time), and mean stop-signal reaction time (SSRT). RESULTS: @entity1 @entity0 produce faster SSRT than both Healthy Controls, and @entity2 -Controls. Faster SSRT in @entity1 @entity0 is apparent in both @entity3 agonist medication states. Also, we show unique @entity3 medication effects on Go Reaction time (GoRT). In @entity3 agonist monotherapy @entity0 , @entity3 agonist administration speeds GoRT. Conversely, in those with levodopa co-therapy, @entity3 agonist administration slows. DISCUSSION: @entity2 @entity0 with active @entity1 symptoms are significantly faster at stopping initiated motor actions, and this is not altered by acute @entity3 agonist withdrawal. In addition, the effect of @entity3 agonist on GoRT is strongly influenced by the presence or absence of levodopa, even though levodopa co-therapy does not appear to influence SSRT. We discuss these findings as they pertain to the multifaceted definition of 'impulsivity,' the lack of evidence for motor-impulsivity in @entity2 , and @entity3 effects on motor-control in @entity2 .

title: Proficient motor impulse control in @entity2 @entity0 with XXXX and compulsive behaviors.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 treated with @entity3 agonist therapy can develop maladaptive reward-driven behaviors, known as @entity1 ( @entity1 ). In this study, we assessed if @entity1 @entity0 have evidence of motor-impulsivity. METHODS: We used the stop-signal task in a cohort of @entity0 with and without active symptoms of @entity1 to evaluate motor-impulsivity. Of those with @entity2 , 12 were diagnosed with @entity1 symptoms ( @entity2 ) and were assessed before clinical reduction of @entity3 agonist medication; 12 were without symptoms of @entity1 [ @entity2 -control] and taking equivalent dosages of @entity3 agonist. Levodopa, if present, was maintained in both settings. Groups were similar in age, duration, and severity of motor symptoms, levodopa co-therapy, and total levodopa daily dose. All were tested in the @entity3 agonist medicated and acutely withdrawn (24h) state, in a counterbalanced manner. Primary outcome measures were mean reaction time to correct go trials (go reaction time), and mean stop-signal reaction time (SSRT). RESULTS: @entity1 @entity0 produce faster SSRT than both Healthy Controls, and @entity2 -Controls. Faster SSRT in @entity1 @entity0 is apparent in both @entity3 agonist medication states. Also, we show unique @entity3 medication effects on Go Reaction time (GoRT). In @entity3 agonist monotherapy @entity0 , @entity3 agonist administration speeds GoRT. Conversely, in those with levodopa co-therapy, @entity3 agonist administration slows. DISCUSSION: @entity2 @entity0 with active @entity1 symptoms are significantly faster at stopping initiated motor actions, and this is not altered by acute @entity3 agonist withdrawal. In addition, the effect of @entity3 agonist on GoRT is strongly influenced by the presence or absence of levodopa, even though levodopa co-therapy does not appear to influence SSRT. We discuss these findings as they pertain to the multifaceted definition of 'impulsivity,' the lack of evidence for motor-impulsivity in @entity2 , and @entity3 effects on motor-control in @entity2 .

title: Proficient motor impulse control in XXXX @entity0 with @entity1 and compulsive behaviors.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 treated with @entity3 agonist therapy can develop maladaptive reward-driven behaviors, known as @entity1 ( @entity1 ). In this study, we assessed if @entity1 @entity0 have evidence of motor-impulsivity. METHODS: We used the stop-signal task in a cohort of @entity0 with and without active symptoms of @entity1 to evaluate motor-impulsivity. Of those with @entity2 , 12 were diagnosed with @entity1 symptoms ( @entity2 ) and were assessed before clinical reduction of @entity3 agonist medication; 12 were without symptoms of @entity1 [ @entity2 -control] and taking equivalent dosages of @entity3 agonist. Levodopa, if present, was maintained in both settings. Groups were similar in age, duration, and severity of motor symptoms, levodopa co-therapy, and total levodopa daily dose. All were tested in the @entity3 agonist medicated and acutely withdrawn (24h) state, in a counterbalanced manner. Primary outcome measures were mean reaction time to correct go trials (go reaction time), and mean stop-signal reaction time (SSRT). RESULTS: @entity1 @entity0 produce faster SSRT than both Healthy Controls, and @entity2 -Controls. Faster SSRT in @entity1 @entity0 is apparent in both @entity3 agonist medication states. Also, we show unique @entity3 medication effects on Go Reaction time (GoRT). In @entity3 agonist monotherapy @entity0 , @entity3 agonist administration speeds GoRT. Conversely, in those with levodopa co-therapy, @entity3 agonist administration slows. DISCUSSION: @entity2 @entity0 with active @entity1 symptoms are significantly faster at stopping initiated motor actions, and this is not altered by acute @entity3 agonist withdrawal. In addition, the effect of @entity3 agonist on GoRT is strongly influenced by the presence or absence of levodopa, even though levodopa co-therapy does not appear to influence SSRT. We discuss these findings as they pertain to the multifaceted definition of 'impulsivity,' the lack of evidence for motor-impulsivity in @entity2 , and @entity3 effects on motor-control in @entity2 .

title: Proficient motor impulse control in @entity2 XXXX with @entity1 and compulsive behaviors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The central dogma of @entity4 is that deleterious mutations accumulate in regularly cycling stem cells and eventually one of the cells will acquire a specific set of mutations which leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Each mutation is rare and the specific set is extremely rare so that even though there are millions of stem cells in a small area of mucosa the specific set of mutations to initiate the process of @entity1 will only arise in one stem cell at most; hence @entity1 is clonal. But this model predicts that @entity0 , who are 1000 times larger than @entity2 and live 30 times as long, should have a vastly increased risk of @entity1 compared with @entity2 , but they don't ( @entity0 - @entity2 paradox). The model also predicts that the prevalence of @entity1 in @entity0 should rise as power function of age and mutagen dose, the former is correct but not the latter (Peto's paradox). Furthermore there are more mitotic divisions in red cell precursors than in all other stem cells combined and yet erythroleukaemia is rare (red cell paradox). The central dogma is also challenged by @entity7 ; the observation that some @entity6 are polyclonal in origin. The problem with the central dogma is the concept of a regularly cycling stem cell. In fact it is possible to produce all the cells that arise in a @entity0 lifetime with fewer than 60 rounds of DNA replication separating the zygote from mature differentiated cells in extreme old age. This hierarchical model of stem cell genesis leads to a very low prevalence of @entity1 , unless the orderly progression of the hierarchy is disturbed by @entity3 , ulceration or @entity5 . This model explains the paradoxes and @entity7 . It is suggested that the number of cell divisions that separate the zygote from stem cells is a key variable in @entity4 .

title: The hierarchical model of stem cell genesis explains the XXXX @entity2 paradox, Peto's paradox, the red cell paradox and @entity7 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The central dogma of @entity4 is that deleterious mutations accumulate in regularly cycling stem cells and eventually one of the cells will acquire a specific set of mutations which leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Each mutation is rare and the specific set is extremely rare so that even though there are millions of stem cells in a small area of mucosa the specific set of mutations to initiate the process of @entity1 will only arise in one stem cell at most; hence @entity1 is clonal. But this model predicts that @entity0 , who are 1000 times larger than @entity2 and live 30 times as long, should have a vastly increased risk of @entity1 compared with @entity2 , but they don't ( @entity0 - @entity2 paradox). The model also predicts that the prevalence of @entity1 in @entity0 should rise as power function of age and mutagen dose, the former is correct but not the latter (Peto's paradox). Furthermore there are more mitotic divisions in red cell precursors than in all other stem cells combined and yet erythroleukaemia is rare (red cell paradox). The central dogma is also challenged by @entity7 ; the observation that some @entity6 are polyclonal in origin. The problem with the central dogma is the concept of a regularly cycling stem cell. In fact it is possible to produce all the cells that arise in a @entity0 lifetime with fewer than 60 rounds of DNA replication separating the zygote from mature differentiated cells in extreme old age. This hierarchical model of stem cell genesis leads to a very low prevalence of @entity1 , unless the orderly progression of the hierarchy is disturbed by @entity3 , ulceration or @entity5 . This model explains the paradoxes and @entity7 . It is suggested that the number of cell divisions that separate the zygote from stem cells is a key variable in @entity4 .

title: The hierarchical model of stem cell genesis explains the @entity0 @entity2 paradox, Peto's paradox, the red cell paradox and XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The central dogma of @entity4 is that deleterious mutations accumulate in regularly cycling stem cells and eventually one of the cells will acquire a specific set of mutations which leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation. Each mutation is rare and the specific set is extremely rare so that even though there are millions of stem cells in a small area of mucosa the specific set of mutations to initiate the process of @entity1 will only arise in one stem cell at most; hence @entity1 is clonal. But this model predicts that @entity0 , who are 1000 times larger than @entity2 and live 30 times as long, should have a vastly increased risk of @entity1 compared with @entity2 , but they don't ( @entity0 - @entity2 paradox). The model also predicts that the prevalence of @entity1 in @entity0 should rise as power function of age and mutagen dose, the former is correct but not the latter (Peto's paradox). Furthermore there are more mitotic divisions in red cell precursors than in all other stem cells combined and yet erythroleukaemia is rare (red cell paradox). The central dogma is also challenged by @entity7 ; the observation that some @entity6 are polyclonal in origin. The problem with the central dogma is the concept of a regularly cycling stem cell. In fact it is possible to produce all the cells that arise in a @entity0 lifetime with fewer than 60 rounds of DNA replication separating the zygote from mature differentiated cells in extreme old age. This hierarchical model of stem cell genesis leads to a very low prevalence of @entity1 , unless the orderly progression of the hierarchy is disturbed by @entity3 , ulceration or @entity5 . This model explains the paradoxes and @entity7 . It is suggested that the number of cell divisions that separate the zygote from stem cells is a key variable in @entity4 .

title: The hierarchical model of stem cell genesis explains the @entity0 XXXX paradox, Peto's paradox, the red cell paradox and @entity7 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Reconstruction of composite oral @entity3 in the setting of prior surgery and radiotherapy presents a significant challenge. Although free tissue transfer has shown success in such situations, it is not without considerable risk. Regional pedicled flaps may provide a more suitable alternative. In certain @entity0 , however, severe soft tissue @entity2 makes more conventional regional flaps impractical or impossible. In these situations, temporalis flaps (temporalis muscle and temporoparietal fascia flaps) are versatile options for coverage of complex defects. OBJECTIVE: To report our experience using pedicled temporalis flaps for reconstruction of composite oral @entity3 in @entity0 with significant co-morbidities and prior treatment. METHODS: Three @entity0 were identified and their medical records were reviewed. Their clinical courses and functional outcomes are described. We include a discussion of the operative technique and relevant literature. RESULTS: All @entity0 had previously undergone extensive treatment. One @entity0 needed reconstruction after resection of a third head and neck @entity1 and two @entity0 presented for treatment of @entity6 . A temporalis muscle flap was used to reconstruct composite oral @entity3 in two @entity0 and a combined temporalis muscle and temporoparietal fascia flap was used for independent defects in one @entity0 . All flaps survived. Functional status and @entity4 improved or stabilized in all @entity0 . There were no major or minor complications. CONCLUSION: In previously treated fields, where more conventional flaps are impractical, temporalis flaps are a suitable alternative to achieve a @entity5 wound and prevent worsening of functional status.

title: Reconstruction of composite oral XXXX with temporalis flaps after prior treatment.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is one of the most common @entity1 and is still associated with a poor prognosis in @entity7 . To improve the standard therapy with @entity2 , we initiated a prospective randomised phase-II trial with @entity2 (GEM) versus @entity2 plus @entity8 (SUNGEM) based on data of in vitro trials and phase-I data for the combination treatment. The rational of adding @entity8 was its putative antiangiogenic mechanism of action. METHODS: A total of 106 eligible @entity0 with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic @entity5 without previous system therapy were randomised to receive GEM at a dosage of 1.000mg/m(2) d1, 8, 15 q28 versus a combination of SUNGEM at a dosage of GEM 1.000mg/m(2) d1+8 and @entity8 50mg p.o. d1-14, q21d. The primary end-point was progression free survival (PFS), secondary end-points were overall survival (OS), @entity3 and overall response rate (ORR). RESULTS: The confirmatory analysis of PFS was based on the intend-to-treat (ITT) population (N=106). The median PFS was 13.3weeks (95% confidence interval (95%-CI): 10.4-18.1weeks) for GEM and 11.6weeks for SUNGEM (95%-CI: 7.0-18.0weeks; p=0.78 one-sided log-rank). The ORR was 6.1% (95%-CI: 0.7-20.2%) for GEM and for 7.1% (95%-CI: 0.9-23.5%) for SUNGEM (p=0.87). The median @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was 14.0weeks (95%-CI: 12.4-22.3weeks) for GEM and 18.0weeks (95%-CI: 11.3-19.3weeks) for SUNGEM (p=0.60; two-sided log-rank). The median OS was 36.7weeks (95%-CI: 20.6-49.0weeks) for the GEM arm and 30.4weeks (95%-CI: 18.1-37.6weeks) for the SUNGEM (p=0.78, one-sided log-rank). In regard to @entity3 , suspected SAEs were reported in 53.7% in the GEM arm and 71.2% in the SUNGEM arm. Grade 3 and 4 @entity6 was statistically significantly higher in the SUNGEM arm with 48.1% versus 27.8% in the GEM arm (p=0.045, two sided log-rank). CONCLUSIONS: The combination SUNGEM was not sufficient superior in locally advanced or metastatic @entity5 compared to GEM alone in regard to efficacy but was associated with more @entity3 .

title: A prospective randomised phase-II trial with @entity2 versus @entity2 plus XXXX in advanced pancreatic cancer: A study of the CESAR Central European Society for Anticancer Drug Research-EWIV.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is one of the most common @entity1 and is still associated with a poor prognosis in @entity7 . To improve the standard therapy with @entity2 , we initiated a prospective randomised phase-II trial with @entity2 (GEM) versus @entity2 plus @entity8 (SUNGEM) based on data of in vitro trials and phase-I data for the combination treatment. The rational of adding @entity8 was its putative antiangiogenic mechanism of action. METHODS: A total of 106 eligible @entity0 with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic @entity5 without previous system therapy were randomised to receive GEM at a dosage of 1.000mg/m(2) d1, 8, 15 q28 versus a combination of SUNGEM at a dosage of GEM 1.000mg/m(2) d1+8 and @entity8 50mg p.o. d1-14, q21d. The primary end-point was progression free survival (PFS), secondary end-points were overall survival (OS), @entity3 and overall response rate (ORR). RESULTS: The confirmatory analysis of PFS was based on the intend-to-treat (ITT) population (N=106). The median PFS was 13.3weeks (95% confidence interval (95%-CI): 10.4-18.1weeks) for GEM and 11.6weeks for SUNGEM (95%-CI: 7.0-18.0weeks; p=0.78 one-sided log-rank). The ORR was 6.1% (95%-CI: 0.7-20.2%) for GEM and for 7.1% (95%-CI: 0.9-23.5%) for SUNGEM (p=0.87). The median @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was 14.0weeks (95%-CI: 12.4-22.3weeks) for GEM and 18.0weeks (95%-CI: 11.3-19.3weeks) for SUNGEM (p=0.60; two-sided log-rank). The median OS was 36.7weeks (95%-CI: 20.6-49.0weeks) for the GEM arm and 30.4weeks (95%-CI: 18.1-37.6weeks) for the SUNGEM (p=0.78, one-sided log-rank). In regard to @entity3 , suspected SAEs were reported in 53.7% in the GEM arm and 71.2% in the SUNGEM arm. Grade 3 and 4 @entity6 was statistically significantly higher in the SUNGEM arm with 48.1% versus 27.8% in the GEM arm (p=0.045, two sided log-rank). CONCLUSIONS: The combination SUNGEM was not sufficient superior in locally advanced or metastatic @entity5 compared to GEM alone in regard to efficacy but was associated with more @entity3 .

title: A prospective randomised phase-II trial with XXXX versus @entity2 plus @entity8 in advanced pancreatic cancer: A study of the CESAR Central European Society for Anticancer Drug Research-EWIV.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is one of the most common @entity1 and is still associated with a poor prognosis in @entity7 . To improve the standard therapy with @entity2 , we initiated a prospective randomised phase-II trial with @entity2 (GEM) versus @entity2 plus @entity8 (SUNGEM) based on data of in vitro trials and phase-I data for the combination treatment. The rational of adding @entity8 was its putative antiangiogenic mechanism of action. METHODS: A total of 106 eligible @entity0 with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic @entity5 without previous system therapy were randomised to receive GEM at a dosage of 1.000mg/m(2) d1, 8, 15 q28 versus a combination of SUNGEM at a dosage of GEM 1.000mg/m(2) d1+8 and @entity8 50mg p.o. d1-14, q21d. The primary end-point was progression free survival (PFS), secondary end-points were overall survival (OS), @entity3 and overall response rate (ORR). RESULTS: The confirmatory analysis of PFS was based on the intend-to-treat (ITT) population (N=106). The median PFS was 13.3weeks (95% confidence interval (95%-CI): 10.4-18.1weeks) for GEM and 11.6weeks for SUNGEM (95%-CI: 7.0-18.0weeks; p=0.78 one-sided log-rank). The ORR was 6.1% (95%-CI: 0.7-20.2%) for GEM and for 7.1% (95%-CI: 0.9-23.5%) for SUNGEM (p=0.87). The median @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was 14.0weeks (95%-CI: 12.4-22.3weeks) for GEM and 18.0weeks (95%-CI: 11.3-19.3weeks) for SUNGEM (p=0.60; two-sided log-rank). The median OS was 36.7weeks (95%-CI: 20.6-49.0weeks) for the GEM arm and 30.4weeks (95%-CI: 18.1-37.6weeks) for the SUNGEM (p=0.78, one-sided log-rank). In regard to @entity3 , suspected SAEs were reported in 53.7% in the GEM arm and 71.2% in the SUNGEM arm. Grade 3 and 4 @entity6 was statistically significantly higher in the SUNGEM arm with 48.1% versus 27.8% in the GEM arm (p=0.045, two sided log-rank). CONCLUSIONS: The combination SUNGEM was not sufficient superior in locally advanced or metastatic @entity5 compared to GEM alone in regard to efficacy but was associated with more @entity3 .

title: A prospective randomised phase-II trial with @entity2 versus XXXX plus @entity8 in advanced pancreatic cancer: A study of the CESAR Central European Society for Anticancer Drug Research-EWIV.

answer: @entity2