abstract: We report a case of very slowly progressive, high-cervical spondylotic myelopathy with @entity1 in the palms. A 76-year-old @entity0 began to feel tingling sensation in the second fingers of the bilateral hands 30 years prior to admission. The abnormal sensation spread from the first to the third fingers, and subsequently all over the palms. He noticed intermittent sharp @entity2 in the dermatomes of @entity6 bilaterally from his late sixties, and later he developed clumsiness of fine finger movements. In recent years he experienced @entity4 in the thighs while walking. On neurological examination, there was a mild @entity1 in light touch over the bilateral palms, while perception of temperature and @entity2 was normal. Vibration sense was severely and position sense mildly impaired. Discriminative sensation, including graphesthesia, stereognosis, two-point discrimination and texture recognition, was severely impaired over the bilateral palms. On the other hand, all modalities of sensation were normal in the lower limbs. Gross motor dysfunction, such as weakness of limbs, @entity5 or gait disturbance, was not present. He did not show @entity3 , but the dexterity of his fingers was severely impaired. Deep tendon reflexes were mildly increased except for the Achilles tendons that were hyporeactive. Plantar responses were flexor bilaterally. Nerve conduction study revealed giant F waves and H reflexes by stimulations of the median and ulnar nerves bilaterally.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A case of very slowly progressive, high-cervical spondylotic myelopathy presenting with XXXX in the palms].

answer: @entity1


abstract: We report a 56-year-old @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 who died of @entity6 . The @entity0 was well until the age of 41 when she noted insidious onset of difficulty in moving around. Soon after, she noted @entity3 in both her hands and gait disturbance. She received stereotaxic right thalamotomy when she was 46-year-old; after thalamotomy, improvement was noted in her @entity3 , @entity8 , and in gait. However, a few months later, she started to experience motor fluctuations with worsening of her symptoms in the afternoon. This worsening was temporarily relieved by increasing her levodopa/ @entity10 dose. She started to show @entity7 and @entity9 when she was 54-year-old. Her symptoms had progressively become worse with marked motor fluctuations and she was admitted to our hospital when she was 56-year-old. On admission, she was alert and general physical examination was unremarkable. Neurologic examination revealed that she was disoriented to time and place; memory was markedly disturbed and calculation was poor. Hasegawa @entity1 scale was 7/30. Higher cerebral functions appeared intact. She showed masked face, small voice, and some @entity5 . Other cranial nerves were intact including ocular movements. She was unable to walk by herself; when supported she walked in small steps with marked disturbance in the righting reflex. Mixed @entity8 and Gegenhalten was noted in her four limbs and in the neck. @entity3 was absent. She showed marked @entity4 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A 56-year-old @entity0 with XXXX and @entity1 with the age of onset at 41 years].

answer: @entity2


abstract: We report a 56-year-old @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 who died of @entity6 . The @entity0 was well until the age of 41 when she noted insidious onset of difficulty in moving around. Soon after, she noted @entity3 in both her hands and gait disturbance. She received stereotaxic right thalamotomy when she was 46-year-old; after thalamotomy, improvement was noted in her @entity3 , @entity8 , and in gait. However, a few months later, she started to experience motor fluctuations with worsening of her symptoms in the afternoon. This worsening was temporarily relieved by increasing her levodopa/ @entity10 dose. She started to show @entity7 and @entity9 when she was 54-year-old. Her symptoms had progressively become worse with marked motor fluctuations and she was admitted to our hospital when she was 56-year-old. On admission, she was alert and general physical examination was unremarkable. Neurologic examination revealed that she was disoriented to time and place; memory was markedly disturbed and calculation was poor. Hasegawa @entity1 scale was 7/30. Higher cerebral functions appeared intact. She showed masked face, small voice, and some @entity5 . Other cranial nerves were intact including ocular movements. She was unable to walk by herself; when supported she walked in small steps with marked disturbance in the righting reflex. Mixed @entity8 and Gegenhalten was noted in her four limbs and in the neck. @entity3 was absent. She showed marked @entity4 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A 56-year-old @entity0 with @entity2 and XXXX with the age of onset at 41 years].

answer: @entity1


abstract: We report a 56-year-old @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 who died of @entity6 . The @entity0 was well until the age of 41 when she noted insidious onset of difficulty in moving around. Soon after, she noted @entity3 in both her hands and gait disturbance. She received stereotaxic right thalamotomy when she was 46-year-old; after thalamotomy, improvement was noted in her @entity3 , @entity8 , and in gait. However, a few months later, she started to experience motor fluctuations with worsening of her symptoms in the afternoon. This worsening was temporarily relieved by increasing her levodopa/ @entity10 dose. She started to show @entity7 and @entity9 when she was 54-year-old. Her symptoms had progressively become worse with marked motor fluctuations and she was admitted to our hospital when she was 56-year-old. On admission, she was alert and general physical examination was unremarkable. Neurologic examination revealed that she was disoriented to time and place; memory was markedly disturbed and calculation was poor. Hasegawa @entity1 scale was 7/30. Higher cerebral functions appeared intact. She showed masked face, small voice, and some @entity5 . Other cranial nerves were intact including ocular movements. She was unable to walk by herself; when supported she walked in small steps with marked disturbance in the righting reflex. Mixed @entity8 and Gegenhalten was noted in her four limbs and in the neck. @entity3 was absent. She showed marked @entity4 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A 56-year-old XXXX with @entity2 and @entity1 with the age of onset at 41 years].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Screening for the @entity3 trait is one strategy to identify @entity0 who may be susceptible to early @entity1 or be at high risk for prodromal @entity1 . The Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B) has been widely used to assess the @entity3 and has been translated into Chinese. However, the psychometric properties of the Chinese-version scale have yet to be evaluated. PURPOSE: This study evaluates the construct validity of the Chinese-version SPQ-B on a sample of male and female undergraduate students in Taiwan. METHODS: A cross-sectional design with convenient sampling was used for this study. The data were collected using the Chinese-version SPQ-B between October 2008 and June 2009. @entity0 included 513 male and 675 female undergraduate students in Taiwan. The factor construct validity of the scale was examined by confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation modeling with SPSS AMOS version 17 software. RESULTS: The results show that the three-factor model fits the data better than the one-factor model for both male and female @entity0 . The male @entity0 scored significantly higher than their female counterparts in terms of total scale, interpersonal subscales, and disorganized subscales. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The Chinese version of the SPQ-B adequately achieves three-factor construct validity for undergraduate students. The scale may be used to screen for the @entity3 trait in both male and female college students to identify those at an elevated risk for @entity2 .

title: Assessing the construct validity of the chinese-version XXXX questionnaire-brief on male and female undergraduate students.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Protein A immobilized @entity1 ( @entity1 ) microbeads were investigated for the specific removal of HIgG from aqueous solutions and from @entity0 plasma. @entity1 microbeads were prepared by a suspension polymerization technique and activated by CNBr in an alkaline medium (pH 11.5). Protein A was then immobilized by covalent binding onto these microbeads. The amount of immobilized protein A was controlled by changing pH and the initial concentrations of CNBr and protein A. The maximum protein A immobilization was observed at pH 9.5. Up to 3.5 mg protein A/g @entity1 was immobilized on the CNBr activated @entity1 microbeads. The maximum HIgG adsorption on the protein A immobilized @entity1 microbeads was observed at pH 8.0. The non-specific HIgG adsorption onto the plain @entity1 microbeads was low (about 0.167 mg of HIgG/g @entity1 ). Higher adsorption values (up to 6.0 mg of HIgG/g @entity1 ) were obtained in which the protein A immobilized @entity1 microbeads were used. Much higher amounts of HIgG (up to 24.0 mg of HIgG/g @entity1 ) were adsorbed from @entity0 plasma.

title: Protein A immobilized polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate beads for affinity sorption of XXXX immunoglobulin G.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A case of @entity8 of mesonephric origin in a 58 year old @entity0 is reported. A @entity1 with a solid area, measuring 14 cm in greatest diameter, was detected in the pelvic cavity by computerized tomography and ultrasound. Although it was diagnosed as an @entity2 for surgical removal, it was found to be entirely located in the myometrium of the left lateral wall of the uterine body and neither ovary was remarkable. Histologically the @entity1 was composed of epithelial and @entity7 components. The former showed low papillary pattern, crowded solid nests and cords of cells, and focal tubular structures. The latter showed a solid growth pattern with differentiation to @entity6 . In the uterine cervix, a 1.2 cm mesonephric (Gartner's) cyst was found. Neither @entity5 nor @entity4 were identified in the cervix, endometrium, fallopian tubes or ovaries. Based on the histologic features and the specific location of the @entity1 , the coexistence of @entity3 , and the normal appearance of the endocervical mucosa as well as the endometrium, it was diagnosed as a @entity8 . The serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, @entity9 , CA19-9, and CA72-4 were within normal ranges in the clinical course. The @entity0 died of disease 8 months after surgery.

title: XXXX of mesonephric origin.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Different types of Q-switched (QS) lasers have been used successfully to treat @entity2 . The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and complication of QS alexandrite (QS Alex) laser versus QS neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) (QS Nd:YAG) laser for bilateral @entity2 . Seventeen @entity0 with bilateral @entity2 were treated randomly with QS Alex in one half of face and QS Nd:YAG in the other half with an interval of at least 3 months between each. Subjective assessment was made by both @entity0 and dermatologists. @entity0 were also examined for evidence of complications. All @entity0 experienced improvement (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the two sides (p > 0.05). The @entity1 after a short period of laser therapy was more severe for QS Alex than for QS Nd:YAG laser. Vesicles developed in 1 @entity0 after QS Alex therapy. Both QS Alex laser and QS Nd:YAG laser were equally effective at improving bilateral @entity2 . @entity0 tolerate QS Nd:YAG laser better than QS Alex laser.

title: A randomized, split-face clinical trial of Q-switched alexandrite laser versus Q-switched Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of bilateral XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of periapical, tomographic, and cross-sectional occlusal radiographic techniques in the assessment of facial and lingual @entity2 at implant obscured sites. An edentulous dry @entity0 mandible was prepared with implants in the incisor, premolar, and molar regions. Successive round bur sizes (No. 1 to 6) were used to create circumferential infrabony periodontal defects in the @entity3 adjacent to the implants. Periapical radiographs were made with custom stents and imaged each site in a conventional parasagittal orientation. Linear tomograms imaged sites in a cross-sectional coronal orientation. Cross-sectional occlusal radiographs imaged anatomy in the axial plane. Radiographic anatomy mesial and distal to each implant was masked with opaque tape before evaluation by a panel of six observers. Images were displayed in pairs consisting of an image at baseline and a second image having an equal chance of displaying an @entity1 or no bone removal. Image pairs were displayed in random order. A five-point scale was used to evaluate accuracy of detection of the presence or absence of changes in bone density as well as observer confidence in that assessment. ANOVA demonstrated significant variation due to image modality and @entity1 . Cross-sectional occlusal views provided significantly greater mean observer confidence scores than either periapical images or tomograms (P < .01). However, tomograms may provide greater utility in actual clinical practice.

title: Radiographic evaluation of XXXX obscured by dental implants.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 (RT) has the capacity to increase skeletal muscle mass, which is due in part to transient increases in the rate of muscle protein synthesis during postexercise recovery. The role of ribosome biogenesis in supporting the increased muscle protein synthetic demands is not known. This study examined the effect of both a single acute bout of resistance exercise (RE) and a chronic RT program on the muscle ribosome biogenesis response. Fourteen healthy young @entity0 performed a single bout of RE both before and after 8 wk of chronic RT. Muscle cross-sectional area was increased by 6    4.5% in response to 8 wk of RT. Acute RE-induced activation of the ERK and @entity2 pathways were similar before and after RT, as assessed by phosphorylation of ERK, @entity5 , @entity4 , and S6 ribosomal protein 1 h postexercise. Phosphorylation of @entity7 was also similarly elevated following both RE sessions. @entity3 protein levels, which appeared to be regulated at the translational rather than transcriptional level, were acutely increased after RE. @entity6 was the only protein found to be highly phosphorylated at rest after 8 wk of training. Also, muscle levels of the rRNAs, including the precursor 45S and the mature transcripts (28S, 18S, and 5.8S), were increased in response to RT. We propose that ribosome biogenesis is an important yet overlooked event in RE-induced muscle hypertrophy that warrants further investigation.

title: Ribosome biogenesis adaptation in resistance training-induced XXXX skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity2 is an active adulterant found in several drugs of abuse including coca paste (CP). We had previously demonstrated that @entity2 potentiated the acute stimulant effect induced by CP seized samples. The role of @entity2 in the expression of sensitization elicited by a CP seized sample (CP1) was here evaluated. METHODS: CP1 (equivalent dose of 10   mg/kg of @entity1 ), @entity1 (pure, 10   mg/kg), a combination of @entity1 10   mg/kg plus @entity2 2.5   mg/kg (CP1-surrogate) and saline (control) were intraperitoneally injected in male @entity0 under two different sensitization schedules. Ambulatory locomotion was recorded in 58 animals. RESULTS: After five daily CP1 injections and 5   days of withdrawal, CP1-challenged animals displayed a more robust sensitization than @entity1 -treated animals. When a 3 injections-regime of CP1-surrogate or @entity1 was assayed, only CP1-surrogate was able to elicit sensitization. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 enhances and accelerates the CP1-induced sensitization. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Results may shed light on the fast and high dependence observed in CP users. (Am J Addict 2015;XX:XX -XX).

title: XXXX enhances and accelerates the expression of sensitization induced by coca paste indicating its relevance as a main adulterant.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Juvenile @entity2 (JNA) is a rare vascular and @entity1 that most commonly affects males in prepuberal and adolescent age. Traditionally, these @entity1 have been removed, after selective embolization, with the open surgical approach (degloving), but the interest in the endoscopic resection, especially for small @entity1 , has increased in recent years. To present our experience of JNA management, comparing the endoscopic approach and open/combined approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional, and descriptive study of 12 young @entity0 , ages between 9 and 19 years (mean: 13), suffering from @entity2 and treated with open surgery (N=6), with endoscopic excision (N=5) or with combined approach (N=1). We reviewed demographical data, clinical presentation, surgical approach as well as time of surgery, of hospitalization, need of blood transfusion during surgery, and complications occurred during hospitalization. RESULTS: All JNA @entity0 were male. The average age at diagnosis was 13.7 years (range 9-19 years). Approximately, 8.3% were classified as   nerci I, 41.7% as   nerci II, and 50.0% as   nerci III. Preoperative embolization was carried out in all @entity0 . All @entity0 were submitted to primary surgical resection, and 2 of them required intraoperative blood transfusion. The overall recurrence rate was 8.3% and the cure rate was 100%. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that endoscopic approach gives excellent results in small and medium dimensions @entity1 , whereas open surgery remains a safe procedure for @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: XXXX : Comparison Between Endoscopic and Open Operative Approaches.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Differences in the condylar between both sides in class III cases with mandibular deviated are important for the diagnosis, treatment, and retention in this kind of @entity0 . To detect the subtle differences, we analyzed the size, shape, and bone density with three-dimensional reconstructed technology. METHODS: The symmetry group and the asymmetry group each with 20 cases were chosen according to some standards. The computed tomographic data obtained and three-dimensional model were built with SimPlant software. The distance and angle were measured in the three-dimensional model, and the bone density was measured with the SimPlant software. The differences between the separated side in each group and the difference between the 2 groups were analyzed. RESULTS: In the asymmetry group, some measurement projects of the bilateral condyles showed significant differences, such as the ramal height, condylar perpendicular height, the area of maximum cross section of condylar, condylar medialateral diameter, length of posterior slope, and angle of posterior slope. When the asymmetry group was compared with the symmetry group, the condyles of the asymmetry group showed more asymmetrical variations in morphology, such as the ramal height, the condylar perpendicular height, the area of maximum cross section of condylar, the medialateral diameter, the length of anterior slope, and angle of posterior slope. The bone mineral density of the condylar anterior and condylar medial point was higher in the nondeviated side, and the bone mineral density of the condylar posterior was higher in the deviated side, and no statistically significant difference was found in the symmetry group. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity2 @entity0 , the three-dimensional morphology and bone density of condylar on the deviated side differ from the nondeviated side, which indicates the association between asymmetrical jaw function and joint @entity3 .

title: Study of Condylar Asymmetry in Angle XXXX With @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Differences in the condylar between both sides in class III cases with mandibular deviated are important for the diagnosis, treatment, and retention in this kind of @entity0 . To detect the subtle differences, we analyzed the size, shape, and bone density with three-dimensional reconstructed technology. METHODS: The symmetry group and the asymmetry group each with 20 cases were chosen according to some standards. The computed tomographic data obtained and three-dimensional model were built with SimPlant software. The distance and angle were measured in the three-dimensional model, and the bone density was measured with the SimPlant software. The differences between the separated side in each group and the difference between the 2 groups were analyzed. RESULTS: In the asymmetry group, some measurement projects of the bilateral condyles showed significant differences, such as the ramal height, condylar perpendicular height, the area of maximum cross section of condylar, condylar medialateral diameter, length of posterior slope, and angle of posterior slope. When the asymmetry group was compared with the symmetry group, the condyles of the asymmetry group showed more asymmetrical variations in morphology, such as the ramal height, the condylar perpendicular height, the area of maximum cross section of condylar, the medialateral diameter, the length of anterior slope, and angle of posterior slope. The bone mineral density of the condylar anterior and condylar medial point was higher in the nondeviated side, and the bone mineral density of the condylar posterior was higher in the deviated side, and no statistically significant difference was found in the symmetry group. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity2 @entity0 , the three-dimensional morphology and bone density of condylar on the deviated side differ from the nondeviated side, which indicates the association between asymmetrical jaw function and joint @entity3 .

title: Study of Condylar Asymmetry in Angle @entity1 With XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Both short telomere length and @entity6 have been associated with pregnancy complications, such as @entity3 and @entity4 . However, the relationship between these two biomarkers of oxidative stress, during pregnancy, is unknown. This study investigated the association of leukocyte telomere length with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, an indicator of mitochondrial density and possible @entity6 , using maternal blood samples collected from @entity0 with pregnancies uncomplicated by gestational @entity1 or @entity2 disorders. METHODS: Leukocyte telomere length and mtDNA copy number were determined in 75 pregnant @entity0 using quantitative real-time quantitative PCR. Bivariate and multivariable linear regression procedures were used to evaluate associations of these two biomarkers. RESULTS: Leukocyte mtDNA copy number (natural-logarithm) was positively associated with telomere length (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.30, p-value = 0.009). After adjusting for maternal age and plasma @entity5 , natural-log mtDNA copy number increased by 0.80 (f = 0.80; 95% CI 0.25 - 1.34, p-value = 0.005) for every 1 unit increase of telomere length. Approximately 11% of the variation in natural-long mtDNA copy number was explained by the model (adjusted R2 = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: This cross sectional data suggests an association of mtDNA copy number with telomere length, two emergent biological markers of potential importance in perinatal health research. The consequences of oxidative stress, cellular senescence (as reflected by relatively shorter telomere length) and @entity6 , on the course and outcomes of pregnancy remain to be elucidated in larger prospective studies that include these biological markers.

title: The association between leukocyte telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in pregnant XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Between 1980 and 1992, 68 @entity0 with clinical indications of involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with metastatic @entity3 were treated at Roswell Park @entity2 Institute. Presenting symptoms were @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity4 and @entity5 . Sites commonly involved were the small bowel (75%), the large intestine (25%), and the stomach (16%). Twenty-one @entity0 were considered unsuitable for surgery; their median survival after diagnosis of GI @entity1 was 2.9 months. Forty-seven @entity0 underwent abdominal surgery; effective palliation was achieved in most of them. Complete resection of GI @entity1 was accomplished in 47% of @entity0 . The median survival after operation was 27.6 months for @entity0 with complete resection of GI @entity1 and no other disease, 5.1 months for @entity0 with resection of involved GI tract and other @entity1 present, and 1.9 months for @entity0 who had a by-pass procedure only. The 5-year survival for @entity0 with complete resection of GI @entity1 and no other evidence of disease was 28.3%. The other groups had only 1-year survivors. Surgical intervention is justified on the basis of these findings, and extended palliation can be achieved in @entity0 with complete resection of metastatic disease.

title: Gastrointestinal @entity1 from malignant XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Between 1980 and 1992, 68 @entity0 with clinical indications of involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with metastatic @entity3 were treated at Roswell Park @entity2 Institute. Presenting symptoms were @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity4 and @entity5 . Sites commonly involved were the small bowel (75%), the large intestine (25%), and the stomach (16%). Twenty-one @entity0 were considered unsuitable for surgery; their median survival after diagnosis of GI @entity1 was 2.9 months. Forty-seven @entity0 underwent abdominal surgery; effective palliation was achieved in most of them. Complete resection of GI @entity1 was accomplished in 47% of @entity0 . The median survival after operation was 27.6 months for @entity0 with complete resection of GI @entity1 and no other disease, 5.1 months for @entity0 with resection of involved GI tract and other @entity1 present, and 1.9 months for @entity0 who had a by-pass procedure only. The 5-year survival for @entity0 with complete resection of GI @entity1 and no other evidence of disease was 28.3%. The other groups had only 1-year survivors. Surgical intervention is justified on the basis of these findings, and extended palliation can be achieved in @entity0 with complete resection of metastatic disease.

title: Gastrointestinal XXXX from malignant @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Clonality studies have suggested that @entity1 are monoclonal and @entity5 are polyclonal. To investigate this question in thyroid, we analyzed the clonality of 26 morphologically characterized hyperplastic nodules from 19 @entity0 with @entity8 . For comparison we studied six @entity3 . We used the highly informative M27 beta probe that maps to the X-chromosome DXS255 locus (X cen- @entity4 .22). Material was obtained from 52 nodules; tissue from nine nodules was rejected because of contamination with normal elements, five @entity0 (eight nodules) were homozygous at @entity7 I sites in nonnodular thyroid tissue, and three nodules were excluded for technical reasons. Methylation patterns after Hpa II digestion confirmed polyclonality in all nontumorous thyroids of informative @entity0 . Seven hyperplastic nodules were polyclonal, and 18 were monoclonal; one showed loss of heterozygosity. One nodule exhibited aberrant methylation. Multiple nodules were obtained from four @entity0 ; in three, all were monoclonal with activation of the same allele. Three @entity6 were monoclonal; two exhibited aberrant methylation. One @entity2 showed loss of heterozygosity. Our data indicate that morphologically indistinguishable hyperplastic thyroid nodules may be monoclonal or polyclonal. These findings suggest that variable molecular mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of nodules in @entity8 . Future studies will need to explore the biological significance of nodules of variable clonal origin.

title: Clonality of thyroid nodules in XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Rhinoviruses are the cause of the majority of common colds, but their role in lower @entity5 is less clear. Recent studies using the polymerase chain reaction to detect rhinoviruses have established @entity6 as major factors in the induction of acute exacerbations of @entity2 in both adults and @entity0 , both in mild exacerbations and in more severe exacerbations leading to hospital admission. Rhinoviruses were the major virus type detected in these studies, accounting for two-thirds of viruses detected. It is not known whether rhinoviruses produce their effects by directly invading the lower airway or by indirect means. Previous clinical studies provide some evidence that rhinoviruses are capable of infecting the lower airway. However, the immunologic response, both in the upper and lower airways, remains poorly defined. Recent studies have provided evidence of increased cellular activation in peripheral blood and in bronchial biopsies in @entity4 subjects compared with normal subjects during experimental @entity1 . The reasons for these different cellular responses are unclear. Rhinoviruses as well as other respiratory viruses have been shown to increase levels of a variety of cytokines from respiratory epithelium, monocytes, or macrophages. Prominent among these cytokines is @entity3 . We have detected increased levels of @entity3 in nasal secretions from subjects with wild-type @entity1 . We studied the mechanisms of rhinovirus-induced @entity3 production and and found protein release from both pulmonary epithelial and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This protein production was accompanied by increased mRNA expression and evidence of infection of both pulmonary epithelial and monocyte cell lines.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Natural and experimental XXXX of the lower respiratory tract.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To develop a new approach of endoscopic resection for @entity1 through a cosmetic retroauricular incision with a water sac establishing the operative space. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-eight @entity0 with benign parotid superficial @entity5 were randomly assigned to an endoscopic (29 @entity0 ) or a conventional (29 @entity0 ) surgery group. The maximum diameter of the @entity1 was 6   cm. The subjective satisfaction scores with the incision scar, incision length, operative @entity4 volume, @entity3 , and recurrence rate were compared between the groups. RESULTS: All operations were successfully performed. The endoscopic incision length (4.3  0.5   cm), @entity4 volume (26.6  10.4   mL), and incidence of temporary facial paresis (6.9%) differed from the conventional surgery group (P<.05). The scars were almost invisible behind the ear. The mean @entity0 satisfaction score was 8.9  0.7 in the endoscopic surgery group and 6.7  1.8 in the conventional surgery group (P<.05). Otherwise, @entity6 and salivary fistula incidences were 3.4% (1/29) and 3.4% (1/29), respectively, in the endoscopic surgery group, which was not significantly different from the conventional surgery group (P>.05). No @entity1 recurrence was found during the 3-72 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic resection through a cosmetic retroauricular incision with a water sac establishing operative space is a feasible method for treatment of benign parotid superficial @entity5 . Its main advantages are that the small and concealed operative scars improved the cosmetic results, and it provided a novel method for establishing the operation working space that could reduce the operative @entity2 .

title: Endoscopic Resection for XXXX Through a Cosmetic Retroauricular Incision with Water Sac Establishing Operative Space: A New Approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Two active isoforms of @entity1 liver phosphorylase with distinct subunit composition have previously been purified (C  mara Artigas, A., Bar  n, C. and Parody-Morreale, A. Prot. Express. Purif. 1994, 5, 157), one showing three @entity0 -PAGE polypeptide bands (molecular mass = 97, 55 and 40 kDa) and the other showing just one (molecular mass = 97 kDa). A molecular mass of 200 kDa has been determined for the native enzymes by gel filtration. @entity2 analyses have been performed in both cases, giving the same results which are similar to those obtained with other phosphorylases. @entity0 -PAGE experiments at different concentrations of the three-band enzyme have suggested a 1:1:1 stoichiometry between the polypeptides. The @entity4 site is located in the 55 kDa polypeptide and the phosphorylation site in the 40 kDa one. These polypeptides can be generated from the three-band enzyme by tryptic attack in the presence of glycogen without loss of enzyme activity. In the absence of glycogen, 55 kDa and 38 kDa polypeptides are generated, with a significant decrease in activity. We conclude that the three-band enzyme is a dimer composed of an intact monomer and a broken one. The lyotropic salt activation site of the enzyme is near the @entity3 terminal group.

title: Molecular studies of glycogen phosphorylase b from XXXX liver.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Skeletal muscle makes up 40-50% of body mass, and is thus considered to be a good adult stem cell source for autologous therapy. Although, several stem/progenitor cells have been fractionated from @entity1 skeletal muscle showing a high potential for therapeutic use, it is unclear whether this is the case in @entity0 . Differentiation and therapeutic potential of @entity0 skeletal muscle-derived cells (Sk-Cs) was examined. Samples (5-10 g) were obtained from the abdominal and leg muscles of 36 @entity0 (age, 17-79 years) @entity3 treatment or leg amputation surgery. All @entity0 gave informed consent. Sk-Cs were isolated using conditioned collagenase solution, and were then sorted as @entity5 (-)/ @entity4 (-)/ @entity6 (+) (Sk-DN/29(+)) and @entity5 (+)/ @entity4 (-) (Sk-34) cells, in a similar manner as for the previous @entity1 Sk-Cs. Both cell fractions were appropriately expanded using conditioned culture medium for about 2 weeks. Differentiation potentials were then examined during cell culture and in vivo transplantation into the severely damaged muscles of athymic @entity1 and @entity2 . Interestingly, these two cell fractions could be divided into highly myogenic (Sk-DN/29(+)) and multipotent stem cell (Sk-34) fractions, in contrast to @entity1 Sk-Cs, which showed comparable capacities in both cells. At 6 weeks after the separate transplantation of both cell fractions, the former showed an active contribution to muscle fiber regeneration, but the latter showed vigorous engraftment to the interstitium associated with differentiation into Schwann cells, perineurial/endoneurial cells, and vascular endothelial cells and pericytes, which corresponded to previous observations with @entity1 SK-Cs. Importantly, mixed cultures of both cells resulted the reduction of tissue reconstitution capacities in vivo, whereas co-transplantation after separate expansion showed favorable results. Therefore, @entity0 Sk-Cs are potentially applicable to therapeutic autografts and show multiple differentiation potential in vivo.

title: Therapeutic isolation and expansion of XXXX skeletal muscle-derived stem cells for the use of muscle-nerve-blood vessel reconstitution.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The preferred cleavage sites in dsDNA and ssDNA for the extracellular @entity3 endonuclease (commercially available as BENZONASE) were identified by limited digestion of PCR-generated substrates. Two different dsDNA substrates were synthesized by using either radioactively or fluorescent dye labeled primers. ssDNA of identical sequence to one of the fluorescent dye labeled duplex strands was prepared by affinity chromatography. Cleavage experiments carried out under single hit conditions demonstrate that the enzyme shows preferences for GC-rich regions in dsDNA, in particular d(G).d(C)-tracts, and avoids cleavage of d(A).d(T)-tracts. There is a correlation between cleavage at a given position in one strand with cleavage at the same position in the other strand of the duplex. ssDNA cleavage occurs at somewhat different preferred sites than observed in dsDNA. On dsDNA, the Serratia nuclease produces a very different cleavage pattern compared to @entity0 pancreatic @entity4 , with the notable exception that both enzymes avoid d(A).d(T)-tracts. In general, the Serratia nuclease compared to @entity4 is a slightly more nonspecific endonuclease that attacks a particular substrate more evenly under standard reaction conditions. At high ionic strength or in the presence of @entity2 , it becomes more nonspecific. Addition of @entity1 , however, makes the enzyme more selective than observed under standard conditions. From these results which were confirmed by the results of cleavage experiments with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides, we conclude that the Serratia nuclease like @entity4 is sensitive to global features of the DNA, for example, the width of the minor groove. In addition, localized sequence-dependent interactions between substrate and nuclease determine whether a site is cleaved preferentially. Some of these interactions seem to be the same for ds- and ssDNA.

title: Sequence preferences in cleavage of dsDNA and ssDNA by the extracellular XXXX endonuclease.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Endothelial cell migration is required for physiological angiogenesis, but also contributes to various pathological conditions, including @entity0 vascularization. The mRNA expression of PP1cb, the beta isoform of the catalytic @entity4 subunit, was shown to be upregulated in chronic @entity1 . Since @entity1 is a major regulator of angiogenesis, the potential role of @entity4 cb in angiogenesis was investigated. METHODS: We examined PP1cb protein level in pediatric heart following chronic @entity1 and found @entity4 cb upregulation in cyanotic compared with @entity2 . By treating HUVEC cells with @entity1 mimicking agent, PP1cb protein level increased with maximum at 8 hours. The effect of @entity4 cb pharmacological inhibition, knockdown and overexpression, on endothelial cell migration and morphogenesis, was examined using in vitro wound healing scratch assay and endothelial tube formation assay. The @entity4 cb knockdown effects on F-actin reorganization ( @entity3 staining), focal adhesion formation (vinculin) and focal adhesion kinases (FAK) activation, were evaluated by immunocytochemical staining and immunoblotting with specific antibodies. RESULTS: @entity4 cb knockdown significantly reduces endothelial cell migration, but does not have any significant effect on endothelial tube formation. Endothelial cell migration in the knockdown group is restored to the control level upon consecutive transfection with @entity4 cb cDNA. PP1cb overexpression does not significantly affect endothelial cell migration. Furthermore, @entity4 cb knockdown induces profound cytoskeletal reorganization, loss of focal adhesion sites and impairment of focal adhesion kinases (FAK) activation. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 cb is regulator of endothelial cell migration, which is critical in the angiogenic process. @entity4 cb inhibition reduces endothelial cell migration through focal adhesion turnover and actin polymerization pathways.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Protein Phosphatase 1 Beta is Modulated by Chronic XXXX and Involved in the Angiogenic Endothelial Cell Migration.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Total knee replacement can be a successful operation for @entity1 relief. However, 10-34% of @entity0 experience chronic @entity1 . Our aim was to synthesise evidence on the effectiveness of applying predictive models to guide preventive treatment, and for interventions in the management of @entity2 after total knee replacement. SETTING: We conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials using appropriate search strategies in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to October 2014. No language restrictions were applied. @entity0 : Adult @entity0 receiving total knee replacement. INTERVENTIONS: Predictive models to guide treatment for prevention of @entity2 . Interventions for management of @entity2 . PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Reporting of specific outcomes was not an eligibility criterion but we sought outcomes relating to @entity1 severity. RESULTS: No studies evaluated the effectiveness of predictive models in guiding treatment and improving outcomes after total knee replacement. One study evaluated an intervention for the management of @entity2 . The trial evaluated the use of a botulinum toxin A injection with antinociceptive and anticholinergic activity in 49 @entity0 with chronic @entity1 after knee replacement. A single injection provided meaningful @entity1 relief for about 40   days and the authors acknowledged the need for a large trial with repeated injections. No trials of multidisciplinary interventions or individualised treatments were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic review highlights a lack of evidence about the effectiveness of prediction and management strategies for chronic @entity1 after total knee replacement. As a large number of @entity0 are affected by @entity2 after total knee replacement, development of an evidence base about care for these @entity0 should be a research priority.

title: Interventions for the prediction and management of chronic XXXX after total knee replacement: systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous cross-sectional studies demonstrated the close relationship between @entity3 and the increased prevalence of @entity1 . But, little is known about the role of changes in @entity4 (   @entity4 ) over several years in the development of @entity1 . In this longitudinal cohort study with the general population, the changes in    @entity4 as well as baseline @entity4 on @entity1 development were evaluated. METHODS: Healthy individuals (n = 2393) who participated in two health screening exams were analyzed. Subjects were divided into three groups based on gender-specific tertiles of baseline @entity4 and    @entity4 . Each @entity0 was tested for @entity1 using a dipstick, and @entity1 was defined as 1+ or greater. RESULTS: The mean age was 51.9  7.7 years, and the incidence of @entity1 was 3.9% (n = 93). During the 4 years, 52.5% of the subjects experienced a decline in    @entity4 . However, subjects who developed @entity1 exhibited a significant increase in    @entity4 . Even after adjustment for age, smoking, systolic and diastolic BP, serum @entity2 , and hs-CRP levels, the highest tertiles for baseline @entity4 [ @entity0 , odds ratio (OR) 3.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-9.67; @entity0 , OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.05-4.15] and    @entity4 ( @entity0 , OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.22-6.99; @entity0 , OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.56-6.39) were independent predictors of @entity1 development. Following adjustment of both parameters, subjects in the highest baseline @entity4 and    @entity4 tertiles exhibited the greatest risk of @entity1 development, which suggested the additive harmful effects of the two factors. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline @entity4 and greater increase in    @entity4 were both important risk factors for developing @entity1 in the general population. Appropriate education and interventions to prevent accumulation of @entity4 should be the major focus of preemptive strategies.

title: Four-Year Changes in Visceral Fat Mass and the Risk of Developing XXXX in the General Population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: West Africa is currently witnessing the most extensive @entity2 ( @entity2 ) outbreak so far recorded. Until now, there have been 27,013 reported cases and 11,134 @entity1 . The origin of the virus is thought to have been a zoonotic transmission from a bat to a twoyear-old @entity0 in December 2013 (ref. 2). From this index case the virus was spread by @entity0 -to- @entity0 contact throughout Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. However, the origin of the particular virus in each country and time of transmission is not known and currently relies on epidemiological analysis, which may be unreliable owing to the difficulties of obtaining @entity0 information. Here we trace the genetic evolution of @entity2 in the current outbreak that has resulted in multiple lineages. Deep sequencing of 179 @entity0 samples processed by the European Mobile Laboratory, the first diagnostics unit to be deployed to the epicentre of the outbreak in Guinea, reveals an epidemiological and evolutionary history of the epidemic from March 2014 to January 2015. Analysis of @entity2 genome evolution has also benefited from a similar sequencing effort of @entity0 samples from Sierra Leone. Our results confirm that the @entity2 from Guinea moved into Sierra Leone, most likely in April or early May. The viruses of the Guinea/Sierra Leone lineage mixed around June/July 2014. Viral sequences covering August, September and October 2014 indicate that this lineage evolved independently within Guinea. These data can be used in conjunction with epidemiological information to test retrospectively the effectiveness of control measures, and provides an unprecedented window into the evolution of an ongoing @entity3 outbreak.

title: Temporal and spatial analysis of the 2014-2015 XXXX outbreak in West Africa.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The belief that irreducible @entity3 are repaired less successfully and with higher morbidity drives @entity0 to seek elective repair. The aims of this study were threefold. First, this study sought  to compare characteristics of @entity0 undergoing irreducible and @entity5 repair. Second, to compare morbidity rates. Third, to determine which factors, including irreducibility, might be associated with recurrence. METHODS: This observational study was a retrospective review of 252 consecutive @entity5 @entity0 divided into two cohorts: 101 @entity0 who underwent repair of an @entity5 , and 152 @entity0 underwent repair of a @entity5 . The mean follow-up time was approximately 4  years in both groups. RESULTS: @entity0 undergoing repair of irreducible @entity3 had higher median BMI (31 vs. 27  kg/m(2), p  =  0.005), had their @entity3 longer (median 34  months compared to 12  months, p  =  0.043), had more defects on average (mean 1.8 vs. 1.4, p  <  0.001), and were more likely to be symptomatic (83 vs 55  %, p  =  0.002). Interestingly, neither @entity3 size (p  =  0.821), nor the location of @entity3 (p  =  0.261) differed significantly between the two groups. Morbidity rates, including rates of @entity1 , obstruction, and recurrence, did not differ significantly; nor did recurrence-free survival (RFS) distributions. Risk factors for @entity3 recurrence on multivariate analysis included the repaired @entity3 being itself recurrent (HR  =  2.06, 95  % CI  =  1.07-3.99, p  =  0.031), the occurrence of post-operative @entity1 (HR  =  5.10, 95  % CI  =  2.18-11.91, p  <  0.001), and the occurrence of post-operative @entity4 (HR  =  5.18, 95  % CI  =  1.82-14.75, p  =  0.002). Irreducibility was not a significant predictor of recurrence (p  =  0.152). CONCLUSION: Despite differing profiles, @entity0 with these two types of @entity3 did not have statistically significant differences in morbidity. Recurrence was not observed to be associated with irreducibility but was found to be associated with other @entity2 .

title: @entity0 profiles and outcomes following repair of irreducible and reducible XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The belief that irreducible @entity3 are repaired less successfully and with higher morbidity drives @entity0 to seek elective repair. The aims of this study were threefold. First, this study sought  to compare characteristics of @entity0 undergoing irreducible and @entity5 repair. Second, to compare morbidity rates. Third, to determine which factors, including irreducibility, might be associated with recurrence. METHODS: This observational study was a retrospective review of 252 consecutive @entity5 @entity0 divided into two cohorts: 101 @entity0 who underwent repair of an @entity5 , and 152 @entity0 underwent repair of a @entity5 . The mean follow-up time was approximately 4  years in both groups. RESULTS: @entity0 undergoing repair of irreducible @entity3 had higher median BMI (31 vs. 27  kg/m(2), p  =  0.005), had their @entity3 longer (median 34  months compared to 12  months, p  =  0.043), had more defects on average (mean 1.8 vs. 1.4, p  <  0.001), and were more likely to be symptomatic (83 vs 55  %, p  =  0.002). Interestingly, neither @entity3 size (p  =  0.821), nor the location of @entity3 (p  =  0.261) differed significantly between the two groups. Morbidity rates, including rates of @entity1 , obstruction, and recurrence, did not differ significantly; nor did recurrence-free survival (RFS) distributions. Risk factors for @entity3 recurrence on multivariate analysis included the repaired @entity3 being itself recurrent (HR  =  2.06, 95  % CI  =  1.07-3.99, p  =  0.031), the occurrence of post-operative @entity1 (HR  =  5.10, 95  % CI  =  2.18-11.91, p  <  0.001), and the occurrence of post-operative @entity4 (HR  =  5.18, 95  % CI  =  1.82-14.75, p  =  0.002). Irreducibility was not a significant predictor of recurrence (p  =  0.152). CONCLUSION: Despite differing profiles, @entity0 with these two types of @entity3 did not have statistically significant differences in morbidity. Recurrence was not observed to be associated with irreducibility but was found to be associated with other @entity2 .

title: XXXX profiles and outcomes following repair of irreducible and reducible @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Set-shifting inefficiencies have been consistently identified in adults with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). It is less clear to what degree similar inefficiencies are present in those with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). It is also unknown whether perfectionism is related to set-shifting performance. We employed a commonly used set-shifting measure, the @entity2 Making Test (TMT), to compare the performance of inpatients with @entity0 and @entity1 with a healthy control sample. We also investigated whether perfectionism predicted TMT scores. Only the @entity1 sample showed significantly suboptimal performance, while the @entity0 sample was indistinguishable from controls on all measures. There were no differences between the @entity0 subtypes (restrictive or binge/purge), but group sizes were small. Higher personal standards perfectionism was associated with better TMT scores across groups. Higher concern over mistakes perfectionism predicted better accuracy in the @entity1 sample. Further research into the set-shifting profile of individuals with @entity1 or binge/purge behaviours is needed. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

title: XXXX Making Task Performance in Inpatients with @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Set-shifting inefficiencies have been consistently identified in adults with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). It is less clear to what degree similar inefficiencies are present in those with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). It is also unknown whether perfectionism is related to set-shifting performance. We employed a commonly used set-shifting measure, the @entity2 Making Test (TMT), to compare the performance of inpatients with @entity0 and @entity1 with a healthy control sample. We also investigated whether perfectionism predicted TMT scores. Only the @entity1 sample showed significantly suboptimal performance, while the @entity0 sample was indistinguishable from controls on all measures. There were no differences between the @entity0 subtypes (restrictive or binge/purge), but group sizes were small. Higher personal standards perfectionism was associated with better TMT scores across groups. Higher concern over mistakes perfectionism predicted better accuracy in the @entity1 sample. Further research into the set-shifting profile of individuals with @entity1 or binge/purge behaviours is needed. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

title: @entity2 Making Task Performance in Inpatients with XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To test, in a single-arm, prospective, phase 2 trial, whether adding the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity9 kinase inhibitor @entity8 to concurrent chemoradiotherapy for previously untreated, locally advanced, inoperable @entity4 would improve survival and disease control without increasing @entity1 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Forty-eight @entity0 with previously untreated @entity4 received intensity modulated radiation therapy (63  Gy/35 fractions) on Monday through Friday, with chemotherapy ( @entity5 45  mg/m  , @entity7 area under the curve [AUC] = 2) on Mondays, for 7  weeks. All @entity0 also received the @entity3 @entity9 kinase inhibitor @entity8 (150  mg orally 1/d) on Tuesday-Sunday for 7  weeks, followed by consolidation @entity5 - @entity7 . The primary endpoint was time to progression; secondary endpoints were @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 , response, and disease control and whether any endpoint differed by @entity3 mutation status. RESULTS: Of 46 @entity0 evaluable for response, 40 were former or never-smokers, and 41 were evaluable for @entity3 mutations (37 wild-type [WT] and 4 mutated [all @entity2 ]). Median time to progression was 14.0  months and did not differ by @entity3 status. @entity1 was acceptable (no grade 5, 1 grade 4, 11 grade 3). Twelve @entity0 (26%) had complete responses (10 WT, 2 mutated), 27 (59%) partial (21 WT, 2 mutated, 4 unknown), and 7 (15%) none (6 WT, 2 mutated, 1 unknown) (P=.610). At 37.0  months' follow-up (range, 3.6-76.5  months) for all @entity0 , median @entity6 time was 36.5  months, and 1-, 2-, and 5-year @entity6 rates were 82.6%, 67.4%, and 35.9%, respectively; none differed by mutation status. Twelve @entity0 had no progression, and 34 had local and/or distant failure. Eleven of 27 distant failures were in the brain (7 WT, 3 mutated, 1 unknown). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 and @entity6 were promising, but time to progression did not meet expectations. The prevalence of distant failures underscores the need for effective systemic therapy.

title: Adding @entity8 to Chemoradiation Improves Overall Survival but Not Progression-Free Survival in Stage III XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To test, in a single-arm, prospective, phase 2 trial, whether adding the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity9 kinase inhibitor @entity8 to concurrent chemoradiotherapy for previously untreated, locally advanced, inoperable @entity4 would improve survival and disease control without increasing @entity1 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Forty-eight @entity0 with previously untreated @entity4 received intensity modulated radiation therapy (63  Gy/35 fractions) on Monday through Friday, with chemotherapy ( @entity5 45  mg/m  , @entity7 area under the curve [AUC] = 2) on Mondays, for 7  weeks. All @entity0 also received the @entity3 @entity9 kinase inhibitor @entity8 (150  mg orally 1/d) on Tuesday-Sunday for 7  weeks, followed by consolidation @entity5 - @entity7 . The primary endpoint was time to progression; secondary endpoints were @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 , response, and disease control and whether any endpoint differed by @entity3 mutation status. RESULTS: Of 46 @entity0 evaluable for response, 40 were former or never-smokers, and 41 were evaluable for @entity3 mutations (37 wild-type [WT] and 4 mutated [all @entity2 ]). Median time to progression was 14.0  months and did not differ by @entity3 status. @entity1 was acceptable (no grade 5, 1 grade 4, 11 grade 3). Twelve @entity0 (26%) had complete responses (10 WT, 2 mutated), 27 (59%) partial (21 WT, 2 mutated, 4 unknown), and 7 (15%) none (6 WT, 2 mutated, 1 unknown) (P=.610). At 37.0  months' follow-up (range, 3.6-76.5  months) for all @entity0 , median @entity6 time was 36.5  months, and 1-, 2-, and 5-year @entity6 rates were 82.6%, 67.4%, and 35.9%, respectively; none differed by mutation status. Twelve @entity0 had no progression, and 34 had local and/or distant failure. Eleven of 27 distant failures were in the brain (7 WT, 3 mutated, 1 unknown). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 and @entity6 were promising, but time to progression did not meet expectations. The prevalence of distant failures underscores the need for effective systemic therapy.

title: Adding XXXX to Chemoradiation Improves Overall Survival but Not Progression-Free Survival in Stage III @entity4 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: In a recent study from our group, the combination of @entity7 and @entity9 ( @entity8 + @entity11 ) seemed superior to @entity8 alone in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). To assess the impact of these therapies on the cytokine cascade, the in vitro production and circulating concentrations of several cytokines and endogenous cytokine antagonists were measured in 30 healthy controls and longitudinally in a subset of 26 @entity0 enrolled in this study. Compared to controls, @entity2 @entity0 had significantly higher circulating concentrations of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), soluble receptors for @entity1 necrosis factor (sTNFR), soluble receptors for @entity5 (sIL-2R) and @entity10 ( @entity10 ), and their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) showed a higher spontaneous production of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity3 ) and @entity10 (both secreted and cell-associated) and a higher stimulated production of cell-associated @entity3 , @entity10 and (to a lesser extent) @entity6 . Treatment with @entity8 alone (n = 12) or combined with @entity11 (n = 14), resulted in significant reductions of circulating @entity4 and sIL-2R but did not alter @entity6 , @entity3 or @entity10 concentrations. Decreases in circulating levels of sTNFR and in the in vitro production of cell-associated @entity6 and @entity10 after stimulation were only observed in @entity0 treated with @entity8 + @entity11 . The concentrations of @entity10 and sTNFR in the circulation exceeded moderately those of @entity6 and @entity3 but this is probably insufficient to block @entity6 and @entity3 activity. In conclusion, therapy with @entity8 alone or with @entity11 modulates @entity4 and sIL-2R concentrations in @entity2 . Decreased production of @entity6 and @entity10 and circulating sTNFR levels were only observed during therapy with @entity8 + @entity11 . Whether this relates to the better clinical effect observed with the combination therapy remains to be investigated. Circulating levels of @entity4 , sIL-2R and sTNFR seem useful markers of disease activity in @entity2 .

title: Effect of XXXX alone or in combination with @entity9 on the production and circulating concentrations of cytokines and their antagonists. Longitudinal evaluation in @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: In a recent study from our group, the combination of @entity7 and @entity9 ( @entity8 + @entity11 ) seemed superior to @entity8 alone in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). To assess the impact of these therapies on the cytokine cascade, the in vitro production and circulating concentrations of several cytokines and endogenous cytokine antagonists were measured in 30 healthy controls and longitudinally in a subset of 26 @entity0 enrolled in this study. Compared to controls, @entity2 @entity0 had significantly higher circulating concentrations of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), soluble receptors for @entity1 necrosis factor (sTNFR), soluble receptors for @entity5 (sIL-2R) and @entity10 ( @entity10 ), and their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) showed a higher spontaneous production of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity3 ) and @entity10 (both secreted and cell-associated) and a higher stimulated production of cell-associated @entity3 , @entity10 and (to a lesser extent) @entity6 . Treatment with @entity8 alone (n = 12) or combined with @entity11 (n = 14), resulted in significant reductions of circulating @entity4 and sIL-2R but did not alter @entity6 , @entity3 or @entity10 concentrations. Decreases in circulating levels of sTNFR and in the in vitro production of cell-associated @entity6 and @entity10 after stimulation were only observed in @entity0 treated with @entity8 + @entity11 . The concentrations of @entity10 and sTNFR in the circulation exceeded moderately those of @entity6 and @entity3 but this is probably insufficient to block @entity6 and @entity3 activity. In conclusion, therapy with @entity8 alone or with @entity11 modulates @entity4 and sIL-2R concentrations in @entity2 . Decreased production of @entity6 and @entity10 and circulating sTNFR levels were only observed during therapy with @entity8 + @entity11 . Whether this relates to the better clinical effect observed with the combination therapy remains to be investigated. Circulating levels of @entity4 , sIL-2R and sTNFR seem useful markers of disease activity in @entity2 .

title: Effect of @entity7 alone or in combination with @entity9 on the production and circulating concentrations of cytokines and their antagonists. Longitudinal evaluation in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In a recent study from our group, the combination of @entity7 and @entity9 ( @entity8 + @entity11 ) seemed superior to @entity8 alone in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). To assess the impact of these therapies on the cytokine cascade, the in vitro production and circulating concentrations of several cytokines and endogenous cytokine antagonists were measured in 30 healthy controls and longitudinally in a subset of 26 @entity0 enrolled in this study. Compared to controls, @entity2 @entity0 had significantly higher circulating concentrations of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), soluble receptors for @entity1 necrosis factor (sTNFR), soluble receptors for @entity5 (sIL-2R) and @entity10 ( @entity10 ), and their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) showed a higher spontaneous production of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity3 ) and @entity10 (both secreted and cell-associated) and a higher stimulated production of cell-associated @entity3 , @entity10 and (to a lesser extent) @entity6 . Treatment with @entity8 alone (n = 12) or combined with @entity11 (n = 14), resulted in significant reductions of circulating @entity4 and sIL-2R but did not alter @entity6 , @entity3 or @entity10 concentrations. Decreases in circulating levels of sTNFR and in the in vitro production of cell-associated @entity6 and @entity10 after stimulation were only observed in @entity0 treated with @entity8 + @entity11 . The concentrations of @entity10 and sTNFR in the circulation exceeded moderately those of @entity6 and @entity3 but this is probably insufficient to block @entity6 and @entity3 activity. In conclusion, therapy with @entity8 alone or with @entity11 modulates @entity4 and sIL-2R concentrations in @entity2 . Decreased production of @entity6 and @entity10 and circulating sTNFR levels were only observed during therapy with @entity8 + @entity11 . Whether this relates to the better clinical effect observed with the combination therapy remains to be investigated. Circulating levels of @entity4 , sIL-2R and sTNFR seem useful markers of disease activity in @entity2 .

title: Effect of @entity7 alone or in combination with XXXX on the production and circulating concentrations of cytokines and their antagonists. Longitudinal evaluation in @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: In a recent study from our group, the combination of @entity7 and @entity9 ( @entity8 + @entity11 ) seemed superior to @entity8 alone in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). To assess the impact of these therapies on the cytokine cascade, the in vitro production and circulating concentrations of several cytokines and endogenous cytokine antagonists were measured in 30 healthy controls and longitudinally in a subset of 26 @entity0 enrolled in this study. Compared to controls, @entity2 @entity0 had significantly higher circulating concentrations of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), soluble receptors for @entity1 necrosis factor (sTNFR), soluble receptors for @entity5 (sIL-2R) and @entity10 ( @entity10 ), and their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) showed a higher spontaneous production of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 necrosis factor alpha ( @entity3 ) and @entity10 (both secreted and cell-associated) and a higher stimulated production of cell-associated @entity3 , @entity10 and (to a lesser extent) @entity6 . Treatment with @entity8 alone (n = 12) or combined with @entity11 (n = 14), resulted in significant reductions of circulating @entity4 and sIL-2R but did not alter @entity6 , @entity3 or @entity10 concentrations. Decreases in circulating levels of sTNFR and in the in vitro production of cell-associated @entity6 and @entity10 after stimulation were only observed in @entity0 treated with @entity8 + @entity11 . The concentrations of @entity10 and sTNFR in the circulation exceeded moderately those of @entity6 and @entity3 but this is probably insufficient to block @entity6 and @entity3 activity. In conclusion, therapy with @entity8 alone or with @entity11 modulates @entity4 and sIL-2R concentrations in @entity2 . Decreased production of @entity6 and @entity10 and circulating sTNFR levels were only observed during therapy with @entity8 + @entity11 . Whether this relates to the better clinical effect observed with the combination therapy remains to be investigated. Circulating levels of @entity4 , sIL-2R and sTNFR seem useful markers of disease activity in @entity2 .

title: Effect of @entity7 alone or in combination with @entity9 on the production and circulating concentrations of cytokines and their antagonists. Longitudinal evaluation in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to investigate the mortality patterns in a group of 3790 coal miners. The study population had abnormal chest x ray films at a routine medical examination that was performed in the 1950s. METHODS: The total group of 3790 coal miners were followed up for mortality up to 1 January 1992. Causes of @entity0 , determined and coded at time of @entity0 , were traced with help from the Central Bureau of Statistics. RESULTS: Total mortality in this group of coal miners with abnormal chest x ray films was significantly higher than expected ( @entity5 127.1, 95% CI 122.5-131.6), mainly a reflection of the increase in mortality from non-malignant @entity3 ( @entity5 411.0, 95% CI 382.3-441.3). Mortality from @entity1 was also significantly increased ( @entity5 147.5, 95% CI 122.3-176.3). This risk of mortality from @entity1 was confined to workers with no @entity4 or only a mild form. Despite the strong relation to duration of employment and @entity4 the group of workers with more severe manifestations of @entity4 did not experience an excess in mortality from @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This study confirms the earlier reported risk of @entity1 in coal miners. Also it confirms the hypothesis that this risk of @entity1 is limited to workers with a mild degree of @entity4 or none. In workers with severe forms of @entity4 the @entity2 is impaired in such a way that the inhaled coal dust does not reach the digestive tract.

title: Risk of @entity1 in pneumoconiotic coal miners and the effect of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to investigate the mortality patterns in a group of 3790 coal miners. The study population had abnormal chest x ray films at a routine medical examination that was performed in the 1950s. METHODS: The total group of 3790 coal miners were followed up for mortality up to 1 January 1992. Causes of @entity0 , determined and coded at time of @entity0 , were traced with help from the Central Bureau of Statistics. RESULTS: Total mortality in this group of coal miners with abnormal chest x ray films was significantly higher than expected ( @entity5 127.1, 95% CI 122.5-131.6), mainly a reflection of the increase in mortality from non-malignant @entity3 ( @entity5 411.0, 95% CI 382.3-441.3). Mortality from @entity1 was also significantly increased ( @entity5 147.5, 95% CI 122.3-176.3). This risk of mortality from @entity1 was confined to workers with no @entity4 or only a mild form. Despite the strong relation to duration of employment and @entity4 the group of workers with more severe manifestations of @entity4 did not experience an excess in mortality from @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This study confirms the earlier reported risk of @entity1 in coal miners. Also it confirms the hypothesis that this risk of @entity1 is limited to workers with a mild degree of @entity4 or none. In workers with severe forms of @entity4 the @entity2 is impaired in such a way that the inhaled coal dust does not reach the digestive tract.

title: Risk of XXXX in pneumoconiotic coal miners and the effect of @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document the current prevalence of @entity5 compared with that reported from the same institution in 1976. DESIGN: All inpatients of this tertiary-care facility were assessed by anthropometric, laboratory, and clinical nutrition assessment methods in a 1-day cross-sectional survey. The comparison study from 1976 was also a 1-day cross-sectional survey. SETTING: A tertiary-care facility in Boston, Mass. @entity0 : The entire inpatient population was assessed on a single weekday in September 1992. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of acute and chronic @entity4 as judged by anthropometric and laboratory data. Data on demographics, admission classification, underlying disease, route of nutrition, and global nutritional status were also assessed. RESULTS: The prevalence of acute @entity5 (weight for height) based on the Waterlow criteria was as follows: severe, 1.3%; moderate, 5.8%; mild, 17.4%; and none, 75.5%. The prevalence of chronic @entity5 (height for age) was as follows: severe, 5.1%; moderate, 7.7%; mild, 14.5%; and none, 72.8%. Although the prevalence of acute and chronic @entity5 was significantly less in 1992 than in 1976 (P = .03 and P < .001, respectively), the numbers are still alarmingly high. @entity0 younger than 2 years and older than 18 years and those with chronic medical conditions had a higher prevalence of @entity5 . Twenty-four percent of @entity0 had a serum @entity3 level less than 30 g/L, 34.8% had a total lymphocyte count less than 1.5 x 10(9)/L, and 24.9% had a hemoglobin concentration less than 105 g/L. One fourth of all @entity0 were @entity1 (> 120% weight for height), with the greatest prevalence in @entity0 aged 2 to 18 years. CONCLUSIONS: Acute and chronic @entity5 remains common in hospitalized pediatric @entity0 in the United States. Important risk factors may be underlying @entity2 , periods of normally rapid growth, and recognized need for nutrition intervention.

title: XXXX in hospitalized pediatric @entity0 . Current prevalence.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document the current prevalence of @entity5 compared with that reported from the same institution in 1976. DESIGN: All inpatients of this tertiary-care facility were assessed by anthropometric, laboratory, and clinical nutrition assessment methods in a 1-day cross-sectional survey. The comparison study from 1976 was also a 1-day cross-sectional survey. SETTING: A tertiary-care facility in Boston, Mass. @entity0 : The entire inpatient population was assessed on a single weekday in September 1992. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of acute and chronic @entity4 as judged by anthropometric and laboratory data. Data on demographics, admission classification, underlying disease, route of nutrition, and global nutritional status were also assessed. RESULTS: The prevalence of acute @entity5 (weight for height) based on the Waterlow criteria was as follows: severe, 1.3%; moderate, 5.8%; mild, 17.4%; and none, 75.5%. The prevalence of chronic @entity5 (height for age) was as follows: severe, 5.1%; moderate, 7.7%; mild, 14.5%; and none, 72.8%. Although the prevalence of acute and chronic @entity5 was significantly less in 1992 than in 1976 (P = .03 and P < .001, respectively), the numbers are still alarmingly high. @entity0 younger than 2 years and older than 18 years and those with chronic medical conditions had a higher prevalence of @entity5 . Twenty-four percent of @entity0 had a serum @entity3 level less than 30 g/L, 34.8% had a total lymphocyte count less than 1.5 x 10(9)/L, and 24.9% had a hemoglobin concentration less than 105 g/L. One fourth of all @entity0 were @entity1 (> 120% weight for height), with the greatest prevalence in @entity0 aged 2 to 18 years. CONCLUSIONS: Acute and chronic @entity5 remains common in hospitalized pediatric @entity0 in the United States. Important risk factors may be underlying @entity2 , periods of normally rapid growth, and recognized need for nutrition intervention.

title: @entity4 in hospitalized pediatric XXXX . Current prevalence.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the presentation of @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and identify factors contributing toward misdiagnosis. METHODS: This was an observational study of cases with a final diagnosis of @entity6 assessed at nine Emergency Departments and managed at one of two regional vascular centres in the UK. RESULTS: Eighty-five consecutive cases were included. Seventeen [20.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11.5-28.5%] @entity0 reported important symptoms up to 3 weeks before index presentation. In the Emergency Department, most @entity0 @entity4 , seven (8.2%, 95% CI 2.4-14.0%) additionally reported atypical @entity1 and ten (11.8%, 95% CI 4.9-18.7%) denied @entity1 altogether. @entity2 (36.5%, 95% CI 26.3-46.7%), @entity3 (18.8%, 95% CI 10.5-27.1%) and @entity5 (36.5%, 95% CI 26.3-46.7%) were documented in a minority of cases. Distracting symptoms were present in 33 (38.8%, 95% CI 28.4-49.2%) @entity0 . The median time to diagnosis was 17.5   min (range immediate-12 days), and 21 (25.6%, 95% CI 16.3-34.9%) @entity0 were misdiagnosed during clinical assessment. CONCLUSION: The classical signs and symptoms or @entity6 are not always present and @entity0 frequently show additional features that may confound the diagnosis. A high level of suspicion should be adopted for @entity6 alongside a low threshold for immediate computed tomography. Further research is required to develop an objective clinical risk score or predictive tool for characterizing @entity0 at risk.

title: Diagnosis of XXXX : a multicentre cohort study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the effect of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on central conduction pathways by alterations in pattern visual evoked potentials (PVEPs) in normal and demyelinated optic nerves. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied PVEP peak latency and amplitudes in 10 normal subjects and six @entity0 with demyelinating @entity4 before and during @entity2 . RESULTS: In normal subjects, a mean rise in temperature of 2.5 degrees C resulted in a decrease in the second positive peak (P2) latency of 6.1 ms (p < 0.0001) and a slight decline in P2 amplitude of 1.16 muV (p < 0.009). These results were compared to those obtained from six @entity0 with @entity1 . These @entity0 had a history of monocular @entity5 ; two @entity0 had had bilateral @entity5 , and one @entity0 had not had involvement of the optic nerve. Average temperature elevations during PVEPs were 1.60 degrees C. PVEPs among these @entity0 showed decrease in mean P2 latencies, except in @entity0 with @entity1 , who showed an increase in latency with 60 min check size in the left eyes. There was a consistent decline in P2 amplitudes. Loss of amplitude was greater among the six optic nerves of those @entity0 having transient, mild losses in visual acuity during @entity2 . Reductions in P2 amplitude were best explained by partial or complete conduction block. CONCLUSIONS: These changes in conduction time and amplitude during @entity2 provide a neurophysiologic correlation to the well-known sensitivity of demyelinated optic nerves to elevated temperatures. They are also relevant to the monitoring of central pathways in the operative or intensive care setting. The demonstrated reversible @entity3 also gives promise to therapeutic manipulation of impaired pathways by impeding the loss of current from denuded nerve fibers.

title: Visual evoked potentials during XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: To examine @entity1 control, via volume changes, and the complications of linear accelerator (LINAC)-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) on medium-term follow-up. METHODS: Between September 2003 and November 2009 fifty consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 treated with SRS using a marginal dose of 12.5 Gy utilizing a LINAC equipped with a micro-multileaf collimator were identified. Evaluation included serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neurological and hearing examinations. RESULTS: The median @entity1 volume at treatment was 2.4 (range: 0.24-10.59) cm(3). The intracranial diameter of the @entity1 ranged between 7.7 and 28.7 (median: 15.8) mm. Follow-up MRI was available for analysis on 49 @entity0 . The median radiological follow-up period was 5.8 (range: 1.4-9.2) years. The median @entity1 volume at last follow-up was 1.1 (range: 0.03-5.3) cm(3). VS decreased in size in 45 (90%) @entity0 , with a median reduction in @entity1 volume of 1.46 (range: 0.06-9.29) cm(3) or a median @entity1 size reduction of 59% of the baseline (range: 6-90%) in these @entity0 . VS remained stable in 2 @entity0 and increased in size in 2 @entity0 . Only 1 @entity0 (2%) required additional intervention (surgery). 15 @entity0 had useful hearing pre-treatment; 10 post-treatment pure-tone audiograms of these @entity0 were available. 5 (50%) @entity0 still had useful hearing post treatment. Non-auditory adverse radiation effects included new (House-Brackmann grade II) or worsened @entity2 (House-Brackmann grade II to grade V) in 2 (4%) @entity0 and trigeminal sensory disturbance in 2 (4%) @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: At medium term, the vast majority of @entity3 treated with LINAC-based SRS exhibit @entity1 shrinkage. The slightly higher rate of @entity2 compared with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) results may be related to the learning curve. Other complications were similar to reported GKS results for @entity3 of comparable sizes.

title: Linear accelerator radiosurgery for XXXX : Results of medium-term follow-up.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of coronary angioplasty on @entity6 remains unknown. We examined the effects of balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon, on coronary hypercontraction and eventual @entity2 in a @entity5 model of @entity6 . METHODS: We performed balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon at the site of @entity6 superimposed on @entity3 with 6 (group A, n = 14) or 1 (group B, n = 14) atmospheres of inflation pressure in miniature @entity5 . Using coronary angiography we assessed the coronary basal diameter and diameter change in response to @entity1 and @entity4 before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after angioplasty. Histological examinations were performed immediately after and 4 weeks after the angioplasty. RESULTS: Before angioplasty, @entity1 - and @entity4 -induced hypercontraction was reproducibly noted at the @entity3 site. Immediately after angioplasty, the coronary diameter became larger (P < 0.01) than before angioplasty in group A, but there was no significant difference in group B. The hypercontraction in group A was abolished immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, whereas the hypercontraction in group B was unchanged. Histological examination revealed medial @entity0 immediately after and medial fibrosis 4 weeks after angioplasty, which were more prominent in group A. Four weeks after angioplasty, the magnitude of @entity2 was greater in group A than in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Angioplasty using an oversized balloon with the higher atmosphere of inflation pressure abolished coronary hypercontraction immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, which probably resulted from the irreversible damage to medial smooth muscles; however, this did not prevent @entity2 .

title: Vasoreactivity and XXXX after coronary angioplasty in the @entity3 @entity5 model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of coronary angioplasty on @entity6 remains unknown. We examined the effects of balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon, on coronary hypercontraction and eventual @entity2 in a @entity5 model of @entity6 . METHODS: We performed balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon at the site of @entity6 superimposed on @entity3 with 6 (group A, n = 14) or 1 (group B, n = 14) atmospheres of inflation pressure in miniature @entity5 . Using coronary angiography we assessed the coronary basal diameter and diameter change in response to @entity1 and @entity4 before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after angioplasty. Histological examinations were performed immediately after and 4 weeks after the angioplasty. RESULTS: Before angioplasty, @entity1 - and @entity4 -induced hypercontraction was reproducibly noted at the @entity3 site. Immediately after angioplasty, the coronary diameter became larger (P < 0.01) than before angioplasty in group A, but there was no significant difference in group B. The hypercontraction in group A was abolished immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, whereas the hypercontraction in group B was unchanged. Histological examination revealed medial @entity0 immediately after and medial fibrosis 4 weeks after angioplasty, which were more prominent in group A. Four weeks after angioplasty, the magnitude of @entity2 was greater in group A than in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Angioplasty using an oversized balloon with the higher atmosphere of inflation pressure abolished coronary hypercontraction immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, which probably resulted from the irreversible damage to medial smooth muscles; however, this did not prevent @entity2 .

title: Vasoreactivity and @entity2 after coronary angioplasty in the @entity3 XXXX model.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of coronary angioplasty on @entity6 remains unknown. We examined the effects of balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon, on coronary hypercontraction and eventual @entity2 in a @entity5 model of @entity6 . METHODS: We performed balloon angioplasty, using an oversized balloon at the site of @entity6 superimposed on @entity3 with 6 (group A, n = 14) or 1 (group B, n = 14) atmospheres of inflation pressure in miniature @entity5 . Using coronary angiography we assessed the coronary basal diameter and diameter change in response to @entity1 and @entity4 before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after angioplasty. Histological examinations were performed immediately after and 4 weeks after the angioplasty. RESULTS: Before angioplasty, @entity1 - and @entity4 -induced hypercontraction was reproducibly noted at the @entity3 site. Immediately after angioplasty, the coronary diameter became larger (P < 0.01) than before angioplasty in group A, but there was no significant difference in group B. The hypercontraction in group A was abolished immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, whereas the hypercontraction in group B was unchanged. Histological examination revealed medial @entity0 immediately after and medial fibrosis 4 weeks after angioplasty, which were more prominent in group A. Four weeks after angioplasty, the magnitude of @entity2 was greater in group A than in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Angioplasty using an oversized balloon with the higher atmosphere of inflation pressure abolished coronary hypercontraction immediately after and 4 weeks after angioplasty, which probably resulted from the irreversible damage to medial smooth muscles; however, this did not prevent @entity2 .

title: Vasoreactivity and @entity2 after coronary angioplasty in the XXXX @entity5 model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The relationship between diuresis and natriuresis induced by @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and their renal haemodynamic effects were investigated. The effects of the iso-osmolar @entity4 and the hyperosmolar diatrizoate on the renal vascular resistance (RVR) were studied in the filtering and non-filtering variants of the isolated perfused @entity0 kidney (IPRK) preparation. In the non-filtering model, no tubular regulatory process can be activated. The effect of diatrizoate on the RVR of the filtering IPRK in the presence of @entity1 (0.3 mmol l-1) an inhibitor of the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) was also investigated. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the response of the filtering (n = 6) and non-filtering (n = 6) IPRK to @entity4 . The induced reduction in the renal perfusate flow (RPF) by @entity4 was 20.5 +/- 3.05% and 22.9 +/- 3.03%, respectively. The reduction in the RPF which was observed with @entity3 in the non-filtering IPRK (n = 5, 17.5 +/- 3.04%) was significantly less (p < 0.05) in comparison to that of the filtering IPRK (n = 6, 26.9 +/- 4.28%). In the frusemide experiments, a reduction in the RPF comparable to that of the non-filtering kidney was observed (n = 5, 13.7 +/- 4.34%). This study demonstrates that the renal vascular effect of diatrizoate is partially dependent on the TGF response. No tubular regulatory mechanism was accountable for the haemodynamic effect of @entity4 . The activation of the tubular response is osmolarity dependent.

title: Relationship between the diuretic effect of XXXX and their ability to increase renal vascular resistance.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epicardial adipose tissue represents visceral adiposity, and the coronary artery @entity2 (CAC) score (CACS) has been suggested as a reasonable surrogate for @entity1 . Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and blood pressure status can be attributed to @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: The present study was performed to evaluate the association between EFT and @entity3 according to blood pressure status in nonhypertensive individuals. METHODS: The CACS and echocardiographic EFT measurement were performed in a total of 1878 nonhypertensive individuals (1535 @entity0 ; mean age, 44      8.3  years). Subjects were divided into quartiles according to EFT ( <=2.575, 2.576-3.168, 3.169-3.900, and >3.900  mm) and into 2 groups according to the presence of CAC. Additionally, individuals were classified as normotensive (n  =  1064) or @entity4 (n  =  814). RESULTS: The prevalence of CACS >0 group in @entity4 individuals was 6.1%, 18.1%, 22.6%, and 29.9% in the lowest, second, third, and highest EFT quartiles, respectively (P  <  .001) and 7.3%, 13.1%, 14.0%, and 13.9% in the normotensive group (P  =  .050). On multivariate regression analysis, the second, third, and highest quartile EFT groups had higher odds ratios for the presence of CAC than that of the lowest quartile (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 3.849 [1.215-12.194], 4.069 [1.235-13.412], and 4.383 [1.385-13.875], respectively), although only in @entity4 individuals. Moreover, an increased absolute EFT level was also associated with increased CACS in @entity4 individuals (standardized b  =  0.101, P  =  .035). CONCLUSION: This study showed an independent relationship between EFT and @entity3 in nonhypertensive individuals, with variable differences in this association according to blood pressure status.

title: The association between epicardial fat thickness and XXXX according to blood pressure status in nonhypertensive individuals: From the CAESAR study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of the International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) @entity5 protocols (pre-operative chemotherapy based on clinical and radiological findings, with no prior @entity2 verification by open or needle biopsy) on subsequent intra-operative @entity2 diagnosis and @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: The diagnosis and @entity2 of possible @entity5 by clinical, ultrasonographic and radiological assessment were compared with the intra-operative findings in 14 consecutive @entity0 (1-12 years of age) treated between 1989 and 1994. RESULTS: A diagnosis of @entity5 was histologically verified in 11 of 14 @entity0 . In two @entity0 , verification was not possible due to @entity2 following pre-operative chemotherapy. In a 12-year-old @entity0 with an estimated stage @entity3 due to a solitary lung metastasis, a @entity4 was revealed in the nephrectomy specimen while subsequent thoracotomy revealed dysmorphic but not malignant tissue. The estimated @entity2 stage was correct with regard to localized or metastatic disease in nine of 11 @entity0 with histologically confirmed @entity5 , while in two @entity0 with an estimated @entity2 , liver @entity1 were found intra-operatively and the @entity2 was upstaged to IV. CONCLUSION: Exact @entity2 diagnosis and @entity2 was difficult in these @entity0 . Although the accuracy of @entity2 @entity2 depends on the sensitivity of radiological and ultrasonographic examinations, difficulties in @entity2 diagnosis may be overcome by biopsies of the primary @entity2 . The justification of upstaging a @entity2 to stage III, provoking a more intense post-operative treatment, should be proven by prospective randomized studies. The decision to perform a primary @entity2 biopsy would be facilitated if possible subsequent deterioration of outcome could be excluded.

title: Staging problems in the pre-operative chemotherapy of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: There is evidence for bidirectional communication between the brain and the immune system. The immune system is subjected to neuroendocrine influences and reciprocally the @entity2 is modulated by immune signals. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), used to mimic @entity0 /inflammatory diseases, induce a series of stress markers, including modifications of monoaminergic transmission, enhancement of HPA axis activity, and decreased immune activity. In the present work we investigated the participation of peripheral @entity3 in the immune and endocrine responses to LPS in vivo. We studied the effects of LPS after chemical sympathectomy using @entity5 ( @entity5 ), which does not cross the brain-blood barrier (BBB) in adults when peripherally injected. @entity5 administration was able to interfere with the effects of LPS on immune cells; however, the effects depended on the lymphoid tissue tested. In fact, the @entity1 of mitogenesis induced by LPS was reversed by @entity5 in the spleen but not in the thymus. Moreover, @entity5 also interfered with the endocrine modifications induced by LPS. This neurotoxin completely or partially inhibited the effect of LPS on ACTH and @entity4 secretion, respectively. Taken together, these results clearly demonstrate that in vivo, the peripheral sympathetic nervous system participates in the immune and endocrine effects of LPS.

title: Peripheral XXXX are involved in the neuroendocrine and immune effects of LPS.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: @entity1 is the leading cause of @entity2 in the UK. The quality of curative-intent radiotherapy is associated with better outcomes. National quality standards from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) on @entity0 work-up and treatment selection were used, with guidance from the Royal College of Radiologists on the technical delivery of radiotherapy, to assess the quality of curative-intent @entity4 radiotherapy and to describe current UK practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiotherapy departments completed one questionnaire for each @entity0 started on curative-intent radiotherapy for 8 weeks in 2013. RESULTS: Eighty-two per cent of centres returned a total of 317 proformas. @entity0 selection with positron emission tomography/computed tomography, performance status and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) was usually undertaken. Fifty-six per cent had pathological confirmation of mediastinal lymph nodes and 22% staging brain scans; 20% were treated with concurrent chemoradiation, 12% with Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy (SABR) and 8% with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Sixty-three per cent of @entity0 received 55 Gy/20 fractions. Although @entity5 was routinely undertaken, only 33% used four-dimensional computed tomography. Seventy per cent of @entity0 were verified with cone beam computed tomography. There was consistency of practice in dosimetric constraints for organs at risk and follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This audit has described current UK practice. The latest recommendations for @entity0 selection with pathological confirmation of mediastinal lymph nodes, brain staging and respiratory function testing are not universally followed. Although there is evidence of increasing use of newer techniques such as four-dimensional computed tomography and cone beam image-guided radiotherapy, there is still variability in access. Efforts should be made to improve access to modern technologies and quality assurance of radiotherapy plans.

title: The Quality of Curative-intent Radiotherapy for XXXX in the UK.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Sleep problems and substance use are strongly linked. Sleep problems play a role in the etiology of substance use, but also may be a result of it. After detoxification, @entity1 may worsen leading to relapse. Nowadays, most substance dependence treatment programs aim at recovery rather than total abstinence, and in that view health-related quality of life (HRQL) is a relevant construct. This article describes the association between self-perceived @entity1 and HRQL in a naturalistic population of polydrug-using inpatients. METHODS: At the start of treatment, 388 polydrug-using inpatients completed questionnaires concerning their sleep quality and HRQL. Three categories were established based on reported @entity1 : @entity0 without @entity1 (21.6%), those with clinically relevant @entity1 (34.5%), and @entity0 with @entity1 (43.8%). RESULTS: Mean grades for quality of sleep were M   =   7.3 (sd 1.7), M   =   6.6 (sd 1.7) and M   =   5.3 (sd 1.9) for the three categories, respectively. In addition, @entity0 in the disorder category perceived a lower HRQL than those in the other categories. In the explanation of HRQL, both @entity1 and @entity1 added significantly to the model when controlling for baseline characteristics. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our findings stress the need for clinicians to pay attention to the quality of sleep of recovering polydrug users, since this may play an important role in the recovery process. Monitoring sleep during treatment is advocated. This study adds to the knowledge about the way HRQL and sleep are related in a naturalistic sample of substance-dependent @entity0 . (Am J Addict 2015;XX:XX-XX).

title: Sleep disturbances are associated with reduced health-related quality of life in XXXX with substance use disorders.

answer: @entity0


abstract: APOLT has been developed both to enable the native liver to regenerate in @entity3 and to avoid the risks of long-term immunosuppressive therapy. We present our experience with APOLT in 4 @entity0 with @entity3 . The @entity0 were 33, 18, 5, and 34 years of age, respectively. The causes of @entity5 were: one @entity6 , one @entity4 intoxication, and 2 causes which remained undetermined. All @entity0 were in coma before transplantation. First symptoms had occurred 13, 2, 30, and 20 days prior to APOLT, respectively. In all cases, segments II and III of the recipient's own liver were resected before implanting the @entity1 . The auxiliary graft consisted of segments II and III in 2 cases and of II, III, and IV in the other 2 @entity0 . The auxiliary graft showed good initial function in all cases. All 4 @entity0 are alive 5 years, 15 months, 6 months, and one month after transplantation. In the last @entity0 , an arterial @entity2 of the graft on the 5th postoperative day required retransplantation. The immunosuppressive therapy could be stopped in 3 cases and the graft was removed in 2 @entity0 15 and 40 days after APOLT, respectively. This shows that APOLT represents an effective treatment for @entity0 with @entity3 , which enables restoration of native liver function. Thus, APOLT should be considered in every @entity0 with acute and potentially reversible @entity5 in whom a transplantation is indicated.

title: Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation for XXXX : the Hannover experience.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 1. In an unselected adult renal transplant population, @entity3 as the primary immunosuppressive agent yielded one- and 2-year actuarial @entity0 survival rates of 95% and 93% and one- and 2-year actuarial graft survival rates of 89% and 83%, respectively. Forty-nine percent of successfully transplanted @entity0 were weaned off @entity2 . 2. In pediatric renal transplant @entity0 , @entity3 has been associated with 100% one- and 3-year actuarial @entity0 survival rates and 98% and 85% one- and 3-year actuarial graft survival rates, respectively. Sixty-two percent of successfully transplanted @entity0 were taken off @entity1 , with dramatic improvements in height. 3. @entity3 has been used successfully in rescuing 70-74% of adult or pediatric renal transplant @entity0 with an acute rejection that failed conventional therapy. 4. Kidney/bone marrow transplantation under @entity3 therapy has been successfully performed without @entity4 and with routine augmentation of chimerism. 5. The side effects of @entity3 included nephrotoxicity, @entity5 , and diabetogenicity; they were comparable to those seen with CsA. 6. @entity3 is an important new addition to the immunosuppressive armamentarium in renal transplant @entity0 .

title: Renal transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh: the impact of XXXX .

answer: @entity3