abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 are an important health problem for @entity0 and adults. It is important to know how @entity1 develop and remit from infancy to adolescence. Early intervention is effective in treating @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: We performed a large-scale questionnaire survey of high school students in Fukui Prefecture, Japan, and analyzed the factors associated with the development and remission of @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 21,802 students participated in the epidemiologic survey, and the valid response rate was 89.3% (19,461). We applied an inverse probability weighting method with propensity scores. RESULTS: The present prevalence rate of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was 19.2%. The remission rate of @entity5 was 15.3%. Only @entity0 and firstborns had a significantly higher risk of developing symptoms of @entity1 [only @entity0 : @entity5 , 1.37; @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 1.30; @entity7 ( @entity7 ), 1.33 and firstborn: @entity5 , 1.38; @entity3 , 1.10]. Constipation was an associated factor for development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (1.17) and @entity5 (1.17), regular intake of @entity4 bacteria was not an associated factor for development of @entity1 but was a factor for remission of @entity2 (1.22). @entity6 was an associated factor for development of @entity2 (1.25). High academic performance was an associated factor for development of @entity5 (1.20) but was a negative factor for development of @entity3 (0.89). The values in parentheses are significant adjusted odds ratios. CONCLUSION: This epidemiologic survey showed that the hygiene hypothesis and intestinal bacterial flora might influence the development of symptoms and remission of @entity1 .

title: Factors associated with the development and remission of XXXX in an epidemiological survey of high school students in Japan.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 receptor (ER) content in @entity0 specimens is correlated with a prolonged disease free survival and increased likelihood of response to hormone therapy. Relatively few anti-ER antibodies are currently available for use in @entity2 -fixed, @entity3 -embedded tissue. Recently, a new anti-ER monoclonal antibody (ERID5; AMAC, Westbrook, Maine) was generated which requires antigen retrieval by microwave oven heating for detection in routinely processed tissue. The specific aim of this study was to compare the ERID5 antibody with the commercially available rat monoclonal (ER-ICA; Abbott, Chicago, IL) which requires proteolytic enzyme digestion for detection in paraffin-embedded tissue. Sections from 20 cases of primary @entity0 previously assayed by dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) analysis were examined. Quantitation of ER antibody staining was performed without knowledge of the DCC values. Specimens containing > or = 20% specifically stained malignant cells were considered ER positive. The sensitivity and specificity of visual ER-ICA immunostaining were 57% and 83%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of visual ERID5 immunostaining were 93% and 50%, respectively. The predictive value of positive staining was 89% for the ER-ICA antibody and 81% for the ERID5 antibody. The predictive value of negative staining was 45% for the ER-ICA antibody and 75% for the ERID5 antibody. Previous studies have demonstrated a linear correlation between DCC values and the positive nuclear area (PNA) generated by image analysis for ER-ICA immunostaining. In the present study, a similar correlation between DCC value and ERID5 percentage PNA was observed (R = 0.670; P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparison of two antibodies for evaluation of XXXX receptors in paraffin-embedded tumors.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The thymic stromal network is complex and heterogeneous, containing thymic epithelial cells which are thought to play an important role during T-cell development and thymic fibroblasts which role is less defined. We herein present a phenotypic and functional comparison between defined thymic stromal cell populations. We transfected SV40 ori- into fetal and postnatal thymic stromal cell cultures and obtained SV40-immortalized clones of epithelial and fibroblastic nature as demonstrated by expression of intracellular keratin. These various clones were characterized in detail and compared to their untransfected bulk culture counterparts for phenotype, cytokine gene expression and cytokine production. All the different thymic stromal cells examined, constitutively expressed @entity6 , @entity12 , MHC class I antigens, @entity5 , and the genes coding for @entity11 , @entity10 and TGF-beta, but not @entity1 . After @entity4 stimulation, epithelial cells seemed to produce more @entity8 than fibroblasts, and that trend was also seen for @entity3 secretion. SV40 cells were also regulated by @entity2 which induced MHC class II antigens and inhibited the @entity4 induced @entity8 production. SV40 cells differed from their untransfected counterparts by an atypical expression of @entity9 and lacked constitutive @entity4 gene expression. We isolated clones with distinct properties, 24SV48, a highly proliferative @entity7 positive TEC secreting low levels of @entity8 and lacking constitutive @entity4 and beta gene expression, and CT1SV93, an epithelial clone of postnatal origin with a high @entity4 -induced cytokine production. In spite of differences with untransfected bulk cultures, the various SV40 immortalized clones may represent useful tools to further study the @entity0 thymic stroma.

title: Untransfected and SV40-transfected fetal and postnatal XXXX thymic stromal cells. Analysis of phenotype, cytokine gene expression and cytokine production.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Exposure of @entity0 and animals to @entity3 (As) is a global public health concern because As is widely distributed and associated with numerous adverse effects. As is a poisonous metalloid and @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is a form of As. Thus far, there have been very few reports on the inflammatory factor alterations of the gastrointestinal tract in birds exposed to @entity6 . To investigate the possible correlation of @entity6 with inflammatory injury induced by an @entity3 -supplemented diet in birds, 72 1-day-old male Hy-line cocks were selected and randomly divided into four groups. They were fed with either a commercial diet or an @entity3 -supplemented diet containing 7.5, 15, and 30  mg/kg @entity6 . The experiment lasted for 90  days, and samples of gizzard, glandular stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and rectum were collected at days 30, 60, and 90 of the experiment period. The inflammation-related genes were determined, including NF-kB, @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity7 , and @entity1 . The connection between @entity3 dosage and inflammation-related genes was assessed. The content of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was measured by Western blot of the samples. The results showed that @entity3 supplementation increased the mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related genes in the gastrointestinal tract of cocks at different time points (p   <   0.05). Moreover, the expression of the tissue and organ injury-related gene @entity4 was upregulated (p   <   0.05). These data suggest that As induces the inflammatory response and may trigger digestive function regression of the gastrointestinal tract by affecting inflammation-related genes and @entity4 in cocks. This study offers some information on the mechanism of gastrointestinal tract inflammatory injury and @entity4 expression level alterations induced by arseniasis.

title: Inflammatory Factor Alterations in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Cocks Overexposed to XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Description of the @entity0 recruited into the Central @entity3 Study (CVOS) and of the status of their eyes at time of study entry. This population is currently being followed for evaluation of photocoagulation treatment for eyes with central @entity3 (CVO) and natural history. DESIGN: Prospective multicenter cohort study incorporating 2 natural history groups and 2 randomized controlled clinical trials. SETTING: Eight ophthalmic practices in the USA and 1 in France, primarily associated with @entity4 centers. @entity0 : Seven hundred and twenty-five @entity0 with CVO (728 eyes) divided into 4 study groups on the basis of the perfusion status of the retina and presence of @entity2 associated with macular @entity1 : perfused, nonperfused, indeterminate, and macular @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Nonperfused group: random assignment to panretinal photocoagulation or watchful waiting. Macular @entity1 group: random assignment to grid pattern photocoagulation or watchful waiting. Natural history groups: no intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Description of population and eyes based upon clinical examination and central assessment of fundus angiography, iris photographs, and stereo color fundus photographs. MAIN RESULTS: Mean age for the 725 @entity0 is 65 years, with 43% of @entity0 in the study age 70 or older. Despite the older age of this population, more than half (53%) of the @entity0 are male. One hundred and eighty-one @entity0 were randomized into the nonperfused group and 155 into the macular @entity1 group. Follow-up in the CVOS will be completed in February 1994 when most @entity0 are expected to have completed the planned 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Recruitment has been successfully completed in this prospective study and the design and baseline results are presented.

title: Central @entity3 study of photocoagulation therapy. Baseline findings. Central XXXX Study Group.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Description of the @entity0 recruited into the Central @entity3 Study (CVOS) and of the status of their eyes at time of study entry. This population is currently being followed for evaluation of photocoagulation treatment for eyes with central @entity3 (CVO) and natural history. DESIGN: Prospective multicenter cohort study incorporating 2 natural history groups and 2 randomized controlled clinical trials. SETTING: Eight ophthalmic practices in the USA and 1 in France, primarily associated with @entity4 centers. @entity0 : Seven hundred and twenty-five @entity0 with CVO (728 eyes) divided into 4 study groups on the basis of the perfusion status of the retina and presence of @entity2 associated with macular @entity1 : perfused, nonperfused, indeterminate, and macular @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Nonperfused group: random assignment to panretinal photocoagulation or watchful waiting. Macular @entity1 group: random assignment to grid pattern photocoagulation or watchful waiting. Natural history groups: no intervention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Description of population and eyes based upon clinical examination and central assessment of fundus angiography, iris photographs, and stereo color fundus photographs. MAIN RESULTS: Mean age for the 725 @entity0 is 65 years, with 43% of @entity0 in the study age 70 or older. Despite the older age of this population, more than half (53%) of the @entity0 are male. One hundred and eighty-one @entity0 were randomized into the nonperfused group and 155 into the macular @entity1 group. Follow-up in the CVOS will be completed in February 1994 when most @entity0 are expected to have completed the planned 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: Recruitment has been successfully completed in this prospective study and the design and baseline results are presented.

title: Central XXXX study of photocoagulation therapy. Baseline findings. Central @entity3 Study Group.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: With @entity3 ( @entity3 ) screening and treatment, the incidence of diagnosing a case of extrahepatic @entity1 (EHPM) in @entity0 with @entity3 has increased. This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence and clinical outcomes of EHPM in @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent curative resection in Korea. METHODS: The clinical data of 250 @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent curative resection in our hospital from May 2003 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, overall survival, and causes of @entity4 were compared between @entity0 with @entity3 with or without EHPM. RESULTS: The prevalence of EHPM among the 250 @entity0 was 13.2% (n   =   33). The most common site of EHPM was the colorectal (n   =   10), followed by the stomach (n   =   9), breasts (n   =   4), and kidneys (n   =   3). @entity0 with EHPM were significantly older, and they presented with higher rates of comorbidities, a different etiology of @entity3 , and better liver function than @entity0 without EHPM. Interestingly, overall survival was significantly lower in the EHPM group, which more frequently displayed extrahepatic causes of @entity4 . Moreover, the presence of EHPM was an independent factor for overall survival in the study population. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of EHPM in @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent curative surgical resection was 13.2% in Korea, with @entity2 comprising most EHPMs (88%). The @entity0 with EHPM displayed significantly worse survival because of extrahepatic causes of @entity4 , which should be considered in the management of @entity3 in the future.

title: Prevalence and outcomes of extrahepatic XXXX associated with @entity3 in a Korean population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: With @entity3 ( @entity3 ) screening and treatment, the incidence of diagnosing a case of extrahepatic @entity1 (EHPM) in @entity0 with @entity3 has increased. This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence and clinical outcomes of EHPM in @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent curative resection in Korea. METHODS: The clinical data of 250 @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent curative resection in our hospital from May 2003 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, overall survival, and causes of @entity4 were compared between @entity0 with @entity3 with or without EHPM. RESULTS: The prevalence of EHPM among the 250 @entity0 was 13.2% (n   =   33). The most common site of EHPM was the colorectal (n   =   10), followed by the stomach (n   =   9), breasts (n   =   4), and kidneys (n   =   3). @entity0 with EHPM were significantly older, and they presented with higher rates of comorbidities, a different etiology of @entity3 , and better liver function than @entity0 without EHPM. Interestingly, overall survival was significantly lower in the EHPM group, which more frequently displayed extrahepatic causes of @entity4 . Moreover, the presence of EHPM was an independent factor for overall survival in the study population. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of EHPM in @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent curative surgical resection was 13.2% in Korea, with @entity2 comprising most EHPMs (88%). The @entity0 with EHPM displayed significantly worse survival because of extrahepatic causes of @entity4 , which should be considered in the management of @entity3 in the future.

title: Prevalence and outcomes of extrahepatic @entity1 associated with XXXX in a Korean population.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thrombolytic treatment for acute @entity1 improves prognosis, although there is a risk of @entity3 complications leading to early @entity2 /severe disability. Benefit from thrombolysis is time dependent and treatment must be administered within 4.5  hours from onset of symptoms, which presents unique challenges for development of tools to support decision making and @entity0 understanding about treatment. Our aim was to develop a decision @entity4 to support @entity0 -specific clinical decision-making about thrombolysis for acute @entity1 , and clinical communication of personalised information on benefits/risks of thrombolysis by clinicians to @entity0 /relatives. METHODS: Using mixed methods we developed a COMPuterised decision @entity4 for @entity1 thrombolysiS (COMPASS) in an iterative staged process (review of available tools; a decision analytic model; interactive group workshops with clinicians and @entity0 /relatives; and prototype usability testing). We then tested the tool in simulated situations with final testing in real life @entity1 thrombolysis decisions in hospitals. Clinicians used COMPASS pragmatically in managing acute @entity1 @entity0 potentially eligible for thrombolysis; their experience was assessed using self-completion forms and interviews. Computer logged data assessed time in use, and utilisation of graphical risk presentations and additional features. @entity0 '/relatives' experiences of discussions supported by COMPASS were explored using interviews. RESULTS: COMPASS expresses predicted outcomes ( @entity3 complications, @entity2 , and extent of disability) with and without thrombolysis, presented numerically (percentages and natural frequencies) and graphically (pictographs, bar graphs and flowcharts). COMPASS was used for 25 @entity0 and no adverse effects of use were reported. Median time in use was 2.8  minutes. Graphical risk presentations were shared with 14 @entity0 /relatives. Clinicians (n   =   10) valued the @entity0 -specific predictions of benefit from thrombolysis, and the support of better risk communication with @entity0 /relatives. @entity0 (n   =   2) and relatives (n   =   6) reported that graphical risk presentations facilitated understanding of benefits/risks of thrombolysis. Additional features (e.g. dosage calculator) were suggested and subsequently embedded within COMPASS to enhance usability. CONCLUSIONS: Our structured development process led to the development of a gamma prototype computerised decision @entity4 . Initial evaluation has demonstrated reasonable acceptability of COMPASS amongst @entity0 , relatives and clinicians. The impact of COMPASS on clinical outcomes requires wider prospective evaluation in clinical settings.

title: Development of a computerised decision @entity4 for thrombolysis in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thrombolytic treatment for acute @entity1 improves prognosis, although there is a risk of @entity3 complications leading to early @entity2 /severe disability. Benefit from thrombolysis is time dependent and treatment must be administered within 4.5  hours from onset of symptoms, which presents unique challenges for development of tools to support decision making and @entity0 understanding about treatment. Our aim was to develop a decision @entity4 to support @entity0 -specific clinical decision-making about thrombolysis for acute @entity1 , and clinical communication of personalised information on benefits/risks of thrombolysis by clinicians to @entity0 /relatives. METHODS: Using mixed methods we developed a COMPuterised decision @entity4 for @entity1 thrombolysiS (COMPASS) in an iterative staged process (review of available tools; a decision analytic model; interactive group workshops with clinicians and @entity0 /relatives; and prototype usability testing). We then tested the tool in simulated situations with final testing in real life @entity1 thrombolysis decisions in hospitals. Clinicians used COMPASS pragmatically in managing acute @entity1 @entity0 potentially eligible for thrombolysis; their experience was assessed using self-completion forms and interviews. Computer logged data assessed time in use, and utilisation of graphical risk presentations and additional features. @entity0 '/relatives' experiences of discussions supported by COMPASS were explored using interviews. RESULTS: COMPASS expresses predicted outcomes ( @entity3 complications, @entity2 , and extent of disability) with and without thrombolysis, presented numerically (percentages and natural frequencies) and graphically (pictographs, bar graphs and flowcharts). COMPASS was used for 25 @entity0 and no adverse effects of use were reported. Median time in use was 2.8  minutes. Graphical risk presentations were shared with 14 @entity0 /relatives. Clinicians (n   =   10) valued the @entity0 -specific predictions of benefit from thrombolysis, and the support of better risk communication with @entity0 /relatives. @entity0 (n   =   2) and relatives (n   =   6) reported that graphical risk presentations facilitated understanding of benefits/risks of thrombolysis. Additional features (e.g. dosage calculator) were suggested and subsequently embedded within COMPASS to enhance usability. CONCLUSIONS: Our structured development process led to the development of a gamma prototype computerised decision @entity4 . Initial evaluation has demonstrated reasonable acceptability of COMPASS amongst @entity0 , relatives and clinicians. The impact of COMPASS on clinical outcomes requires wider prospective evaluation in clinical settings.

title: Development of a computerised decision XXXX for thrombolysis in @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ocular adnexal IgG4-related @entity2 (IgG4-SD) has been categorized as a novel disease entity. It is characterized by @entity8 and an infiltration of mass-forming lymphoplasmic cells containing many IgG4-positive plasma cells. Although ocular adnexal tissue involvement has been increasingly reported, a focal nodular sub-brow mass is not typical in an IgG4-SD presentation. We report a rare case of probable ocular adnexal IgG4-SD that clinically mimicked eyelid @entity10 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 42-year-old @entity0 presented with a nodular mass in her left sub-brow area. The initial clinical impression of her lesion was eyelid @entity10 . However, the final pathologic diagnosis was IgG4-SD, but extranodal marginal zone @entity9 could not be excluded. The @entity0 underwent testing to determine @entity1 malignancy and systemic IgG4-SD involvement. Laboratory testing showed normal IgG and IgG4 serum levels and imaging revealed no remarkable findings. Oral @entity6 was administered and slowly tapered to manage the possible @entity3 and to prevent disease recurrence. Two years after initiating therapy, there was no evidence of relapse. The @entity0 is under close surveillance for signs of recurrence, systemic involvement, and potential malignant transformation. CONCLUSIONS: We found an unusual case of probable ocular adnexal IgG4-SD, which presented as a unilateral restricted mass involving the sub-brow area. Although the mass was surgically removed, systemic @entity4 treatment and long-term surveillance were initiated due to the possibility of recurrence, the potential association with @entity5 , and the potential development of extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity7 .

title: Inflammatory pseudotumor of eyelid: a probable IgG4-related XXXX clinically mimicking eyelid @entity10 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ocular adnexal IgG4-related @entity2 (IgG4-SD) has been categorized as a novel disease entity. It is characterized by @entity8 and an infiltration of mass-forming lymphoplasmic cells containing many IgG4-positive plasma cells. Although ocular adnexal tissue involvement has been increasingly reported, a focal nodular sub-brow mass is not typical in an IgG4-SD presentation. We report a rare case of probable ocular adnexal IgG4-SD that clinically mimicked eyelid @entity10 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 42-year-old @entity0 presented with a nodular mass in her left sub-brow area. The initial clinical impression of her lesion was eyelid @entity10 . However, the final pathologic diagnosis was IgG4-SD, but extranodal marginal zone @entity9 could not be excluded. The @entity0 underwent testing to determine @entity1 malignancy and systemic IgG4-SD involvement. Laboratory testing showed normal IgG and IgG4 serum levels and imaging revealed no remarkable findings. Oral @entity6 was administered and slowly tapered to manage the possible @entity3 and to prevent disease recurrence. Two years after initiating therapy, there was no evidence of relapse. The @entity0 is under close surveillance for signs of recurrence, systemic involvement, and potential malignant transformation. CONCLUSIONS: We found an unusual case of probable ocular adnexal IgG4-SD, which presented as a unilateral restricted mass involving the sub-brow area. Although the mass was surgically removed, systemic @entity4 treatment and long-term surveillance were initiated due to the possibility of recurrence, the potential association with @entity5 , and the potential development of extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity7 .

title: Inflammatory pseudotumor of eyelid: a probable IgG4-related @entity2 clinically mimicking eyelid XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: To report a thicker choroid and larger choroidal luminal area in an eye with @entity4 . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating an increase in the @entity3 in a case of @entity4 . In addition, we report the changing appearance of @entity2 over a 16-year period. CASE PRESENTATION: A 27-year-old @entity0 , who was diagnosed with @entity4 at age 11  years, visited our clinic. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/12.5 in the right eye and light perception in the left eye. Severely dilated, tortuous vascular loops were distributed from the optic disc over all four quadrants of the left fundus. The vascular loops in some areas were more dilated and tortuous than 16  years earlier. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed @entity1 with @entity3 in the left eye. The subfoveal choroidal thickness was manually measured by the caliper function in the enhanced depth imaging OCT (EDI-OCT) images. Binarization of the EDI-OCT images was performed with publicly accessible ImageJ software. The examined area of the subfoveal choroid was 1,500   m wide, and the dark areas representing the luminal areas were traced by the Niblack method. After determining the distance of each pixel, the luminal area was automatically calculated. The subfoveal choroidal thickness was 250   m in the right eye and 462   m in the left eye. The luminal area of the 1,500- m-wide subfoveal choroid was computed to be 307,165.6   m(2) in the right eye and 545,780.7   m(2) in the left eye. CONCLUSIONS: The EDI-OCT images showed a thicker choroid, and binarization of the EDI-OCT images showed that the luminal areas were significantly larger in the affected eye, suggesting a dilatation of the choroidal vessels. The results demonstrated that conversion of EDI-OCT images to binary images was a useful method to quantify the @entity3 .

title: Binarization of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomographic images of an eye with XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A new multipurpose cell micro-assay has been developed, using the protein dye amido black 10B as an indicator of cell numbers in 96-well plates. The assay is reliable, rapidly performed and can be combined with morphological evaluation and photography of stained cells. It permits investigations of various cell types including the @entity0 keratinocyte line HaCaT and subclones, @entity1 3T3 fibroblasts and @entity4 cells @entity1 . Briefly, cells are fixed by @entity3 or @entity6 and, following aspiration of fixative and non-adherent cells, are stained by amido black at pH 3.5. The protein-bound dye is completely eluted by @entity7 and is scanned in a microplate reader at 620 nm against 405 nm or 750 nm. Non-adherent and semi-adherent cells are assayed by centrifugation of plates before fixation. The assay revealed a good linear correlation between absorbance of @entity10 , cell count and DNA content within the range 1000-64,000 HaCaT cells/well. The slope of the regression line varied with different cell types. Experiments with HaCaT cells and its @entity8 oncogene-transfected subclones demonstrated the suitability of the assay for optimizing culture conditions, dose-response studies and for the screening and quantification of cell adhesion to extracellular matrix molecules. The assay was also used to evaluate @entity2 of drugs such as @entity9 , target cell killing in co-cultures with @entity5 -activated lymphocytes, and the testing of hybridoma antibodies for their biological effects on proliferation and adhesion. The assay is highly reproducible, sensitive, independent of cellular aggregation and economic for multiple applications.

title: The amido black assay: a simple and quantitative multipurpose test of adhesion, proliferation, and XXXX in microplate cultures of keratinocytes (HaCaT) and other cell types growing adherently or in suspension.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Introduction. @entity1 is represented mainly by @entity5 and insulin resistance (IR), both present in most individuals diagnosed with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). IR is the key risk factor in the pathogenesis of @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Objective. To relate @entity7 to @entity3 in @entity1 individuals. Methodology. A descriptive cross-sectional study with @entity1 individuals, aged >=  20-60 years. Blood pressure measurement, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood @entity4 , insulin, high-density lipoprotein @entity2 (HDL-c), and @entity8 data were obtained. HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance) calculation was carried out with a cutoff value of 2.71 for IR evaluation. The diagnosis of @entity7 was performed by liver biopsy and the diagnosis of @entity3 was performed in accordance with the National @entity2 Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEPATP III). Results. Of the 50 individuals evaluated, 86% were @entity0 and BMI means were 45.4        3.6   Kg/m(2). The overall individuals had @entity7 , 70% @entity6 , and 30% @entity6 . The diagnosis of @entity3 occurred in 56% but showed no significant association with @entity7 (P = 0.254). @entity8 (178        65.5   mg/dL) and insulin (28.2        22.6   mcU/mL) mean values were significantly higher in @entity6 (P = 0.002 and P = 0.042, resp.) compared to individuals with @entity6 . IR was confirmed in 76% and showed a relationship with @entity7 severity. Conclusion. @entity7 was not related to @entity3 ; however, @entity3 components, evaluated in isolation, as well as IR, were related to the presence and severity of @entity7 .

title: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Relationship with @entity3 in XXXX Individuals.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Introduction. @entity1 is represented mainly by @entity5 and insulin resistance (IR), both present in most individuals diagnosed with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). IR is the key risk factor in the pathogenesis of @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Objective. To relate @entity7 to @entity3 in @entity1 individuals. Methodology. A descriptive cross-sectional study with @entity1 individuals, aged >=  20-60 years. Blood pressure measurement, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood @entity4 , insulin, high-density lipoprotein @entity2 (HDL-c), and @entity8 data were obtained. HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance) calculation was carried out with a cutoff value of 2.71 for IR evaluation. The diagnosis of @entity7 was performed by liver biopsy and the diagnosis of @entity3 was performed in accordance with the National @entity2 Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEPATP III). Results. Of the 50 individuals evaluated, 86% were @entity0 and BMI means were 45.4        3.6   Kg/m(2). The overall individuals had @entity7 , 70% @entity6 , and 30% @entity6 . The diagnosis of @entity3 occurred in 56% but showed no significant association with @entity7 (P = 0.254). @entity8 (178        65.5   mg/dL) and insulin (28.2        22.6   mcU/mL) mean values were significantly higher in @entity6 (P = 0.002 and P = 0.042, resp.) compared to individuals with @entity6 . IR was confirmed in 76% and showed a relationship with @entity7 severity. Conclusion. @entity7 was not related to @entity3 ; however, @entity3 components, evaluated in isolation, as well as IR, were related to the presence and severity of @entity7 .

title: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Relationship with XXXX in @entity1 Individuals.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sensitive quantitation of multiple cytokines can provide important diagnostic information during @entity2 , @entity1 and immunopathology. In this study sensitive immunoassay detection of @entity0 cytokines @entity5 , @entity4 , IL-12p70 and @entity3 is shown for singleplex and multiplex formats using a novel miniaturized ELISA platform. The platform uses a disposable plastic multi-syringe aspirator (MSA) integrating 8 disposable fluoropolymer microfluidic test strips, each containing an array of ten 200  m mean i.d. microcapillaries coated with a set of monoclonal antibodies. Each MSA device thus performs 10 tests on 8 samples, delivering 80 measurements. Unprecedented levels of sensitivity were obtained with the novel fluoropolymer microfluidic material and simple colorimetric detection in a flatbed scanner. The limit of detection for singleplex detection ranged from 2.0 to 15.0 pg ml(-1), i.e. 35 and 713 femtomolar for singleplex cytokine detection, and the intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV) remained within 10%. In addition, a triplex immunoassay was developed for measuring @entity5 , IL-12p70 and @entity3 simultaneously from a given sample in the pg ml(-1) range. These assays permit high sensitivity measurement with rapid <15 min assay or detection from undiluted blood serum. The portability, speed and low-cost of this system are highly suited to point-of-care testing and field diagnostics applications.

title: Multiplexed femtomolar quantitation of XXXX cytokines in a fluoropolymer microcapillary film.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Variations in floral display represent one of the core features associated with the transition from allogamy to autogamy in angiosperms. The promotion of autogamy under stress conditions suggests the potential involvement of a signaling pathway with a dual role in both flower development and stress response. The @entity2 (JA) pathway is a plausible candidate to play such role because of its involvement in many plant responses to environmental and developmental cues. In the present study, we used @entity1 ( @entity1 L.) varieties with showy and non-showy flowers to investigate the role of JA (and JA signaling suppressors) in floral display. RESULTS: Our results show that PpJAZ1, a component of JA signaling pathway in @entity1 , regulates petal expansion during anthesis and promotes self-pollination. PpJAZ1 transcript levels were higher in petals of the non-showy flowers than those of showy flowers at anthesis. Moreover, the ectopic expression of PpJAZ1 in @entity0 ( @entity0 .) converted the showy, chasmogamous @entity0 flowers into non-showy, cleistogamous flowers. Stability of PpJAZ1 was confirmed in vivo using PpJAZ1-GFP chimeric protein. PpJAZ1 inhibited JA-dependent processes in roots and leaves of transgenic plants, including induction of JA-response genes to mechanical wounding. However, the inhibitory effect of PpJAZ1 on JA-dependent fertility functions was weaker, indicating that PpJAZ1 regulates the spatial localization of JA signaling in different plant organs. Indeed, JA-related genes showed differential expression patterns in leaves and flowers of transgenic plants. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that under stress conditions -- e.g. herbivore attacks -- stable JAZ proteins such as PpJAZ1 may alter JA signaling in different plant organs, resulting in autogamy as a reproductive assurance mechanism. This represents an additional mechanism by which plant hormone signaling can modulate a vital developmental process in response to stress.

title: A stable JAZ protein from XXXX mediates the transition from outcrossing to self-pollination.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 flies and deer flies are common names applied to members of the family Tabanidae (Diptera). Tabanid flies are pestiferous and of veterinary and medical importance, with about 244 species in India. They are major vectors of Trypanosoma evansi that causes @entity2 ( @entity0 ). Lack of stable morphological characters, and scarcity of taxonomic expertise, is major impediments for accurate species identification of these important pest and disease vectors. Molecular data, especially DNA barcode data, has been widely used in the identification of Diptera of economic importance. We evaluated the utility of DNA barcode data to discriminate the vectors of @entity0 ( @entity2 ) from India. We used barcode gap and reciprocal monophyly (neighbor-joining and Bayesian tree) criteria to analyze barcode data. A total of 46 specimens belonging to 7 species under four genera in two subfamilies were used for this study. DNA barcode data was not available previously for these species. Analysis revealed that all morphologically identifiable species can be discriminated using DNA barcoding data. Further, our study clearly demonstrated the presence of cryptic species in Chrysops dispar. Moreover, we revealed that closely related species without stable taxonomic distinguishing characters in the "Tabanus striatus species complex" can be discriminated using DNA barcode data.

title: Identification through DNA barcoding of Tabanidae (Diptera) vectors of XXXX in India.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. Recent studies have demonstrated that the arterial baroreflex is imparied with aging and have implicated central components of the baroreflex arc in this @entity2 . Neurons in the medial portion of the nucleus tractus solitarius (mNTS) receive a major input from the arterial baroreceptors. The present study was undertaken to characterize the intrinsic membrane properties of mNTS neurons in young @entity0 and to test the hypothesis that these properties are altered with aging. An in vitro brain stem slice preparation was used to record intracellularly from mNTS neurons; passive membrane properties, action potential characteristics, and repetitive firing properties were examined and compared. 2. Neurons in the mNTS of young (3-5 mo old) Fischer-344 @entity0 (F-344; n = 35) had a resting membrane potential of -57 +/- 6.9 mV (mean +/- SD), a membrane time constant of 18 +/- 9.0 ms, and an input resistance of 110 +/- 60 @entity1 . Action potential amplitude was 81 +/- 7.5 mV with a duration at half-height of 0.83 +/- 0.15 ms. The spontaneous firing rate in 24 cells was 4.3 +/- 2.9 Hz. The amplitude and duration of the action potential afterhyperpolarization (AHP) were 6.6 +/- 3.0 mV and 64 +/- 34 ms, respectively. All neurons expressed spike frequency adaptation, action potential AHP, and posttetanic hyperpolarization. Delayed excitation and postinhibitory rebound were present in 34 and 14% of neurons tested, respectively. Neurons from adult (10-12 mo old) F-344 @entity0 (n = 34) were similar to the young F-344 @entity0 with respect to all of these variables. 3. Neurons from aged (21-24 mo old) F-344 (n = 32) were similar to those from young and adult @entity0 , but there were two potentially important differences: the mean input resistance of the aged neurons was higher (170 +/- 150 @entity1 ), with a larger proportion (46% of aged neurons vs. 20% of young neurons and 21% of adult neurons) having input resistances > 150 @entity1 ; and there was a tendency for a smaller percentage of aged neurons (16% of aged neurons vs. 34% of young neurons and 29% of adult neurons) to express delayed excitation. 4. The potential significance of a high input resistance was tested by comparing the steady-state current-voltage (I-V) relationships and the frequency-current (f-I) relationships among low-resistance (1-100 @entity1 ), medium-resistance (101-200 @entity1 ).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Effects of aging on the intrinsic membrane properties of medial NTS neurons of Fischer-344 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate constancy, within a treatment session, of the time lag relationship between implanted markers in @entity1 and an external motion surrogate. METHODS: Six gastroesophageal junction and three @entity2 @entity0 (IRB-approved protocol) received two cone-beam CTs (CBCT), one before and one after treatment. Time between scans was less than 30 min. Each @entity0 had at least one implanted fiducial marker near the @entity1 . In all scans, abdominal displacement (Varian RPM) was recorded as the external motion signal. Purpose-built software tracked fiducials, representing internal signal, in CBCT projection images. Time lag between superior-inferior (SI) internal and anterior-posterior external signals was found by maximizing the correlation coefficient in each breathing cycle and averaging over all cycles. Time-lag-induced discrepancy between internal SI position and that predicted from the external signal (external prediction error) was also calculated. RESULTS: Mean    standard deviation time lag, over all scans and @entity0 , was 0.10    0.07 s (range 0.01-0.36 s). External signal lagged the internal in 17/18 scans. Change in time lag between pre- and post-treatment CBCT was 0.06    0.07 s (range 0.01-0.22 s), corresponding to 3.1%    3.7% (range 0.6%-10.8%) of gate width (range 1.6-3.1 s). In only one @entity0 , change in time lag exceeded 10% of the gate width. External prediction error over all scans of all @entity0 varied from 0.1    0.1 to 1.6    0.4 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Time lag between internal motion along SI and external signals is small compared to the treatment gate width of abdominal @entity0 examined in this study. Change in time lag within a treatment session, inferred from pre- to post-treatment measurements is also small, suggesting that a single measurement of time lag at the session start is adequate. These findings require confirmation in a larger number of @entity0 .

title: Technical Note: Intrafractional changes in time lag relationship between anterior-posterior external and superior-inferior internal motion signals in XXXX sites.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In an attempt to verify the nature of amplification events at band q13 on chromosome 11 we surveyed the amplification status of ten molecular markers specific for this region ( @entity2 , SEA, D11S97, D11S146, BCLI, PRADI/CCNDI, @entity4 / @entity4 , @entity3 / @entity3 , EMSI, and DIIS833E) in a panel of 389 primary @entity0 DNA samples. Eighty-eight @entity1 (23%) showed at least one of these markers amplified, but in a majority of the cases amplification encompassed more than one of the tested loci. Our data confirm that amplicons at 11q13 can cover large portions of DNA and are consistent with the existence of several cores of amplification. One important core seems to be, as previously described, centered around PRADI/CCNDI; 57 @entity1 (14.7%) showed amplification at PRADI/CCNDI either alone (one @entity1 ) or along with amplification of BCLI or @entity3 / @entity3 . The level of amplification of PRADI/CCNDI sometimes exceeded that of surrounding markers. Three additional amplification events occurring independently of amplification of PRADI/CCNDI were also detected. Centromeric to BCLI, probes to DIIS97, and DIIS146 detected amplification in 60 @entity1 (15.4%) and were often the only amplified markers. Telomeric to @entity3 / @entity3 , DIIS833E was found amplified alone in ten @entity1 , and it was the most amplified marker in another six cases. At a shorter distance of @entity3 / @entity3 , EMSI was the only amplified marker in two @entity1 , with a level of amplification that could exceed that of PRADI/CCNDI and DIIS833E. Our data thus suggest the existence of four independent amplified regions within band 11q13 in @entity0 .

title: Patterns of DNA amplification at band q13 of chromosome 11 in human XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Viroids and other circular subviral RNA pathogens, such as the @entity0 delta agent, use a rolling circle replication cycle requiring an intact circular RNA. However, many infectious RNAs have the potential to form self-cleavage structures, whose formation must be controlled in order to preserve the circular replication template. The native structure of delta RNA contains a highly conserved element of local tertiary structure which is composed of sequences partially overlapping those needed to form the self-cleavage motif. A bimolecular complex containing the tertiary structure can be made. We show that when it is part of this bimolecular complex the potential cleavage site is protected and is not cleaved by the delta ribozyme, demonstrating that the element of local tertiary structure can function as a ribozyme control element in vitro. Physical studies of the complex containing this element were carried out. The complex binds @entity4 ions and is not readily dissociated by @entity1 under the conditions tested; > 50% of the complexes remain following incubation in 1 mM @entity1 at 60 degrees C for 81 min. The thermal stability of the complex is reduced in the presence of @entity3 ions. A DNA complex and a perfect RNA duplex studied in parallel showed a similar effect, but of lesser magnitude. The RNA complex melts at temperatures approximately 10 degrees C lower in buffers containing 0.5 mM @entity5 and 100 mM @entity2 than in buffers containing 0.5 mM @entity5 with no @entity2 (78.1 compared with 87.7 degrees C). The element of local tertiary structure in delta genomic RNA appears to be a molecular clamp whose stability is highly sensitive to ion concentration in the physiological range.

title: Tm studies of a tertiary structure from the human XXXX delta agent which functions in vitro as a ribozyme control element.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess whether a comparison of the Doppler flow measurements of the ulnar artery and of the postanastomotic radial artery can help detect steal syndromes at the level of native dialysis @entity2 of the wrist. @entity0 AND METHODS: We have prospectively analyzed 35 distal radiocephalic arteriovenous @entity2 presenting with postanastomotic radial artery Doppler inversion of flow. The flows of the ulnar artery and of the postanastomotic radial artery have been measured and compared. Subsequent clinical examination to detect any sign of @entity1 at the hand level was performed and the results of medical imaging were confronted with the clinical data. RESULTS: @entity4 was discovered in a total of 6 @entity0 (17%), 4 @entity0 out of 23 displaying an ulnar flow lower than the postanastomotic radial one and 2 @entity0 among 12 with an ulnar flow higher than the radial one. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the test were 67%, 34%, 17% and 83%, respectively. Paradoxically, the mean intensity of ulnar @entity3 has been measured at 40% among true positive @entity0 and at 70% among false positive ones. We have not been able to identify any difference, be it in terms of systolic upstroke time, maximum systolic speed, telediastolic speed or in terms of global architecture of the curves between the Doppler waveforms of 4 true positive and 4 false positive @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The comparative Doppler study of the flows of the ulnar and postanastomotic radial arteries does not enable us to detect steal syndromes at the level of wrist dialysis @entity2 . Hence we consider that a systematic study of the postanastomotic radial artery flow, during routine Doppler examination of distal dialysis @entity2 , proves superfluous.

title: Comparative Doppler flow measurements of the ulnar artery and of the postanastomotic radial artery in radiocephalic arteriovenous XXXX to detect steal syndromes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, with @entity5 as its major output hormone, has been presumed to play a key role in the development of psychopathology. Predicting @entity6 from diurnal @entity5 levels has been inconclusive, whereas the predictive value of stress-induced @entity5 concentrations has not been studied before. The aim of this study was to predict @entity2 over a 3-year follow-up from awakening and stress-induced @entity5 concentrations. METHOD: Data were used from 561 TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) @entity0 , a prospective cohort study of Dutch adolescents. Saliva samples were collected at awakening and half an hour later and during a social stress test at age 16. @entity2 were assessed 3 years later with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). RESULTS: A lower @entity5 awakening response (CAR) marginally significantly predicted @entity1 [odds ratio (OR) 0.77, p  =  0.06]. A flat @entity1 with a first onset after the experimental session (OR 1.27, p  =  0.04). Recovery revealed smaller, non-significant ORs when predicting new onset affective or @entity3 , major @entity4 , or @entity7 in three separate models, corrected for all other new onsets. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that delayed recovery and possibly reduced CAR are indicators of a more general risk status and may be part of a common pathway to psychopathology. Delayed recovery suggests that individuals at risk for @entity2 perceived the social stress test as less controllable and less predictable.

title: Predicting XXXX from hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning: a 3-year follow-up in the TRAILS study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Treating biofilm infections successfully is a challenge. We hypothesized that biofilms may be considered as independent compartments with particular pharmacokinetics. We therefore studied the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of @entity2 in a seaweed alginate-embedded biofilm model. METHODS: Seaweed alginate beads containing @entity0 were cultured in LB medium, sampled at day 1, 3, 5 or 7 and examined for the effect of treatment with @entity2 for 30 min. Treated beads were homogenized and the number of cfu was determined. The antibiotic concentration in the solution of homogenized beads was measured. Finally, beads were examined for live cells by @entity3 staining and for dead cells by @entity1 staining using a confocal laser scanning microscope. RESULTS: The antibiotic level in each bead was relatively stable (range 30-42 mg/L; MIC=1.5 mg/L). There were fewer cfu in the @entity2 -treated beads than the non-treated beads (P<0.016) and bacterial killing was reduced as the culture period increased from 1 to 7 days. Throughout the study period, increasing size and more superficial positioning of the microcolonies within the beads were demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. More dead cells (measured by @entity1 staining) were observed in the treated group of beads, which supports the results obtained by culture. CONCLUSIONS: The present study, simulating the clinical pharmacokinetics of @entity2 , demonstrates fast absorption of @entity2 in an in vitro biofilm model. In addition, this model system enables parallel investigation of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, providing a model for testing new treatment strategies.

title: Antibiotic penetration and bacterial killing in a XXXX biofilm model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To ascertain to what extent the dramatic decrease in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) mortality from 1972 to the present can be attributed to a change in risk factors. DESIGN: Descriptive study based on literature data. SETTING: The Netherlands. METHODS: Changes in four risk factors were assessed: a survey on trends in average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum @entity1 from three national screening projects, conducted 1974-1980, among 30,000 @entity0 and @entity0 aged 37-43 years, 1981-1986 among 80,000 @entity0 aged 33-37 years, and 1987-1992 among 42,000 @entity0 and @entity0 aged 20-59 years, and the percentage of smokers observed by the Foundation on Public Health and Smoking in yearly surveys among 20,000 @entity0 from the age of 15. Using a preventable proportion calculation, the effect on mortality was estimated of the observed changes in these risk factors, applying published relative risks and regression coefficients for these risk factors for @entity0 . The estimated curves were compared with the coronary mortality curves observed by the Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics. RESULTS: From 1974 to 1992 a substantial decrease in the percentage of smokers and in @entity0 a moderate decrease in average serum @entity1 level were observed. Serum @entity1 decreased little in @entity0 . Changes in blood pressure were not consistent. The calculations predicted a 33% decrease in @entity2 mortality; the decrease actually observed was 48% for @entity0 aged 20-69 and 42% for @entity0 . CONCLUSION: It appears that by far the largest proportion of the decrease in @entity2 mortality can be explained by a decrease in the values of relevant risk factors ( @entity1 and smoking) and only a small part by improved therapy.

title: [Decrease in XXXX mortality in 1974-1992 largely explainable by changes in @entity1 and smoking risk factors].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To ascertain to what extent the dramatic decrease in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) mortality from 1972 to the present can be attributed to a change in risk factors. DESIGN: Descriptive study based on literature data. SETTING: The Netherlands. METHODS: Changes in four risk factors were assessed: a survey on trends in average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum @entity1 from three national screening projects, conducted 1974-1980, among 30,000 @entity0 and @entity0 aged 37-43 years, 1981-1986 among 80,000 @entity0 aged 33-37 years, and 1987-1992 among 42,000 @entity0 and @entity0 aged 20-59 years, and the percentage of smokers observed by the Foundation on Public Health and Smoking in yearly surveys among 20,000 @entity0 from the age of 15. Using a preventable proportion calculation, the effect on mortality was estimated of the observed changes in these risk factors, applying published relative risks and regression coefficients for these risk factors for @entity0 . The estimated curves were compared with the coronary mortality curves observed by the Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics. RESULTS: From 1974 to 1992 a substantial decrease in the percentage of smokers and in @entity0 a moderate decrease in average serum @entity1 level were observed. Serum @entity1 decreased little in @entity0 . Changes in blood pressure were not consistent. The calculations predicted a 33% decrease in @entity2 mortality; the decrease actually observed was 48% for @entity0 aged 20-69 and 42% for @entity0 . CONCLUSION: It appears that by far the largest proportion of the decrease in @entity2 mortality can be explained by a decrease in the values of relevant risk factors ( @entity1 and smoking) and only a small part by improved therapy.

title: [Decrease in @entity2 mortality in 1974-1992 largely explainable by changes in XXXX and smoking risk factors].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aspergilloma results from the development, inside preexisting pulmonary cavities, of aspergillus spores. It is most commonly manifested by hemoptysis. The goal of this retrospective study is to report our surgical experience of this disease. From January 2004 to December 2008, 35 @entity0 underwent surgery at the same center for @entity1 . We examined the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and outcome data. The @entity0 ' median age was 43.37 years (range: 20-70 years), 28 were male. The average time to consultation was 19.35 months (1-120 months), and all @entity0 had a history of @entity4 . Hemoptysis was the symptom observed most often, in 54.3% of @entity0 , followed by bronchorrhea. Aspergillus serology was positive for 22 @entity0 . The standard radiological image was found in 20 @entity0 . We performed 14 lobectomies, 1 bilobectomy, 1 segmentectomy, 1 bisegmentectomy, 3 lobectomies with segmentectomies, 1 bilobectomy with segmentectomy, and 14 pleuropneumonectomies. In one case, the pulmonary artery was damaged and repaired. The average duration of intensive care was 3.54 days (2-7 days) and of total hospitalization, 17.33 days (7-48). Complications were: @entity5 (3 cases), a large air leak (1 case), parietal suppuration (5 cases), and @entity2 , which was drained (3 cases). There was no postoperative mortality. After 35 months (1-72), one case of recurrent hemoptysis by reinfestation was observed. Three @entity0 died of @entity3 , one at 6 months and the other two at 1 year after the surgery. Despite the associated morbidity, surgical treatment of @entity1 must be proposed systematically to these subjects presenting hemoptysis.

title: Results of surgical treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective     This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of transoral robotic surgery for the reconstruction of soft @entity3 . Design     The application of transoral robotic surgery for soft palate muscle reconstruction was investigated. The da Vinci Surgical Robot was first used on a cadaver to assess the optimal positioning of the @entity0 and the robot. The robot was then used for the dissection and reconstruction of palatal muscles in 10 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 . The procedures were documented using video and still photography. A group of 30 control @entity0 were subjected to surgery with manual instruments. Surgical and clinical outcomes were evaluated with at least 6 months of follow-up (8    1 months). Results     The use of the surgical robot on a cadaver provided great dexterity and excellent 3D depth perception. The transoral access was efficient and safe for the precise dissection, reorientation, and suturing of palatal muscles. In our series, the surgical duration was longer for the robotic approach than for the manual approach (87    6 minutes versus 122    8 minutes, P < .0001). No intraoperative or @entity1 occurred in either group. CONCLUSIONS:     A robotic surgical approach can be used safely for palatal surgery. We believe that the precise dissection of the palatal muscles provided by the robotic system might reduce damage to the vascularization and innervation of these muscles, as well as damage to the mucosal surfaces that could cause @entity2 formation. In addition, this technique might improve palatal function and Eustachian tube function in @entity3 @entity0 .

title: Transoral XXXX Surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     This study uses the American College of Surgeons Pediatric National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP Pediatric), a multicenter database, to identify risk factors for complications after @entity4 repair. DESIGN:     @entity0 undergoing Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 42200 and 42205 were extracted from the 2012 ACS NSQIP Pediatric. @entity0 older than 36 months or those who had undergone an additional surgery that altered the risk were excluded. Outcome variables were combined to create a complication variable. Fisher's exact, Pearson chi-square, and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used for analysis. RESULTS:     Eligibility criteria were met by 751 @entity0 . Of these, 192 (25.6%) had unilateral clefts, 146 (19.4%) bilateral, and 413 (55.0%) were unspecified. The average age at time of surgery for those without and with complications was 421.1    184.8 and 433.6    168.0 days, respectively (P = .76). Of the 21 (2.8%) @entity0 with complications, @entity3 were the most common. Risk factors associated with complications included American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of 3 (P = .003), nutritional support (P = .013), esophageal/gastric/intestinal disease (P = .016), @entity1 support (P = .003), structural pulmonary/airway abnormality (P = .011), and @entity2 (P = .009). @entity0 undergoing concurrent laryngoscopy (P = .048) or other surgeries (P = .047) were also found to be associated with increased complications. The 30-day fistula rate was 0.5%, and the readmission rate was 1.9%. CONCLUSION:     Perioperative complications for primary palatoplasty were 2.8% according to the ACS NSQIP Pediatric. Preoperative @entity0 -related factors as well as concurrent surgeries may affect 30-day complication rates. These results help target those at greater risk for complications and allow for appropriate interventions to mitigate risks.

title: An Assessment of 30-Day Complications in Primary XXXX Repair: A Review of the 2012 ACS NSQIP Pediatric.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In general, @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) have an excellent postoperative prognosis. Those with cricoid and/or tracheal @entity1 invasion, however, are at a higher risk of postoperative morbidity and airway insufficiency. METHODS: We investigated postoperative airway outcomes, locoregional recurrence, and survival rates in @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent cricotracheal resection. The records of @entity1 @entity0 who underwent surgery at our institution between 1981 and 2009 were reviewed retrospectively, and 110 @entity0 with cricotracheal invasion were enrolled. Curative resection was performed in all @entity0 , and cricotracheal function was preserved or reconstructed when possible. RESULTS: Of the 110 @entity0 , 57 and 53 @entity0 had superficial and intraluminal invasion of the larynx, respectively. After the initial surgery, the 10-year disease-specific survival rates were 90.8 and 44.4  % in @entity0 with superficial and intraluminal invasion of the cricotracheal area, respectively. Only six @entity0 (5.5  %) had an isolated upper aerodigestive tract recurrence. Five @entity0 were managed with an additional window resection as salvage surgery. Consequently, only one @entity0 (0.9  %) underwent total laryngectomy. Altogether, 31 @entity0 (28.0  %) had a permanent stoma, 9 and 15 of which were caused by cricotracheal invasion and invasion of other aerodigestive structures, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Window resection for intraluminal cricotracheal invasion by @entity1 produced good surgical outcomes that resulted in a low local recurrence rate and survival rates that resembled those associated with other surgical treatments. Treatment of multiple organ invasion of the aerodigestive tract was necessary to improve postoperative functional outcomes in these @entity0 .

title: Surgical Management of Cricotracheal Invasion by XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 routinely undergo TEE prior to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in order to rule out the presence of intra-atrial thrombi. CCT is also routinely conducted prior to the procedure to determine cardiac anatomy. Although it has been demonstrated that CCT can also rule out intra-atrial thrombi, the use of CCT for thrombi detection is controversial. The primary objective was to determine the utility of cardiac computed tomography (CCT) for detection of atrial thrombi as compared to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). METHODS: @entity0 who underwent @entity1 between 2010-2011 with CTs and TEEs completed within 3 days of each other were retrospectively identified. TEE reports were analyzed, while CCTs were interpreted by a cardiologist specializing in CCTs. Severe spontaneous echo contrast or @entity2 detected on TEE were considered positive, as were filling defects found on CCT. RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity0 undergoing @entity1 (mean age 59.4    9.5 years; 75% male; ejection fraction 60    12%) had both TEE and CCT in timely fashion. By TEE, 0 left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi were identified with mild to moderate spontaneous echo contrast in 4 @entity0 . By CCT, 2 definite LAA thrombi were identified and thrombi in 4 @entity0 could not be ruled out. Specificity, positive predictive value ( @entity3 ), and negative predictive value (NPV) for CCT were 88%, 0%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: CCT is an effective tool in ruling out atrial thrombi prior to @entity1 . TEE should be completed only if CCT is positive.

title: Atrial thrombi detection prior to XXXX : Diagnostic accuracy of cardiac computer tomography versus transesophageal echocardiography.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increase in prevalence of @entity3 and @entity1 in Western countries has been linked to aspects of microbial exposure patterns of @entity0 . It remains unclear which microbial aspects contribute to the protective farm effect. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify bacterial groups associated with prevalence of @entity3 and @entity2 , and to quantify indoor exposure to some of these bacterial groups. METHODS: A DNA fingerprinting technique, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), was applied to mattress dust samples of farm @entity0 and control @entity0 in the context of the GABRIEL Advanced study. Associations between signals in DGGE and @entity2 , @entity3 and other allergic health outcomes were analyzed. Quantitative DNA based assays (qPCR) for four bacterial groups were applied on the dust samples to seek quantitative confirmation of associations indicated in DNA fingerprinting. RESULTS: Several statistically significant associations between individual bacterial signals and also bacterial diversity in DGGE and health outcomes in @entity0 were observed. The majority of these associations showed inverse relationships with @entity2 , less so with @entity3 . Also, in a subsequent confirmation study using a quantitative method (qPCR), higher mattress levels of specifically targeted bacterial groups - Mycobacterium spp., Bifidobacteriaceae spp. and two different clusters of Clostridium spp. - were associated with a lower prevalence of @entity2 . CONCLUSION: DNA fingerprinting proved useful in identifying bacterial signals that were associated with @entity2 in particular. These findings were quantitatively confirmed for selected bacterial groups with a second method. High correlations between the different bacterial exposures impede a clear attribution of protective effects to one specific bacterial group. More diverse bacterial flora in mattress dust may link to microbial exposure patterns that protect against development of @entity1 .

title: Bacterial Exposures and Associations with Atopy and XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The increase in prevalence of @entity3 and @entity1 in Western countries has been linked to aspects of microbial exposure patterns of @entity0 . It remains unclear which microbial aspects contribute to the protective farm effect. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify bacterial groups associated with prevalence of @entity3 and @entity2 , and to quantify indoor exposure to some of these bacterial groups. METHODS: A DNA fingerprinting technique, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), was applied to mattress dust samples of farm @entity0 and control @entity0 in the context of the GABRIEL Advanced study. Associations between signals in DGGE and @entity2 , @entity3 and other allergic health outcomes were analyzed. Quantitative DNA based assays (qPCR) for four bacterial groups were applied on the dust samples to seek quantitative confirmation of associations indicated in DNA fingerprinting. RESULTS: Several statistically significant associations between individual bacterial signals and also bacterial diversity in DGGE and health outcomes in @entity0 were observed. The majority of these associations showed inverse relationships with @entity2 , less so with @entity3 . Also, in a subsequent confirmation study using a quantitative method (qPCR), higher mattress levels of specifically targeted bacterial groups - Mycobacterium spp., Bifidobacteriaceae spp. and two different clusters of Clostridium spp. - were associated with a lower prevalence of @entity2 . CONCLUSION: DNA fingerprinting proved useful in identifying bacterial signals that were associated with @entity2 in particular. These findings were quantitatively confirmed for selected bacterial groups with a second method. High correlations between the different bacterial exposures impede a clear attribution of protective effects to one specific bacterial group. More diverse bacterial flora in mattress dust may link to microbial exposure patterns that protect against development of @entity1 .

title: Bacterial Exposures and Associations with Atopy and @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study was aimed at assessing the accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the characterization of focal @entity4 . We prospectively examined 51 @entity0 with focal @entity4 : the morphological features were investigated with different pulse sequences and the functional characteristics were studied after the i.v. administration of @entity8 (2 mmol/kg). MR findings were compared with those of gold standard methods, i.e., percutaneous biopsy, surgery or, for @entity5 , 99mTc-labelled blood cell liver scintigraphy. All @entity5 presented with typical features: signal intensity was very high on long TE images (> 140 msec) and a globular enhancement pattern, with centripetal progression, was observed after dynamic studies. This signal pattern on T2-weighted images is highly indicative of @entity5 . Five of 7 focal @entity6 (71%) were isointense with hepatic parenchyma on all pulse sequences; the central scar was observed in 5/7 cases on short TR/TE images and in all cases on long TR/TE images in 16/17 cases (94%). High signal intensity on T1-weighted images was statistically significant for @entity3 . A pseudocapsule was observed in 12 cases (70%). A mosaic pattern on T2-weighted images was observed in 3 cases. Seventy-four per cent of @entity7 exhibited signal enhancement during the arterial phase of the dynamic study. @entity1 presented a uniform pattern, i.e., they were hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted images in 12/13 cases (92%). A central hypointense area on T2-weighted images is indicative of @entity2 . A lesion with these morphological features and hypovascular signal is suggestive of @entity1 .

title: [The tissue characterization of focal XXXX with magnetic resonance imaging].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological evidence suggests an association between @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Yet few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions have been conducted for @entity3 . We conducted an RCT to evaluate the efficacy of psychotherapy among chronic @entity3 . METHODS: One hundred fifty-eight consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 were randomized to medical therapy plus psychotherapy consisted in 8 group and 2 individual sessions focused on teaching techniques for coping with @entity3 ( @entity1 ( @entity1 ); n=76) or medical therapy alone ( @entity1 ( @entity1 ); n=82). @entity0 completed validated self-reported questionnaires before and after the 10-week treatment and 6months later. Linear mixed-effects models were used, in intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: At the end of treatment period, statistically significant improvements were observed for @entity1 compared with @entity1 for @entity3 -related quality of life (DRQoL). DRQoL mean changes of 6.09 and 3.54 were obtained in @entity1 and @entity1 @entity0 , respectively (p=<0.0001); and SS mean changes of 11.55 and 4.57 were obtained in @entity1 and @entity1 @entity0 , respectively (p=0.0013). Those improvements, measured by @entity2 ( @entity2 ), were clinically significant (DRQoL: 77% of the @entity1 @entity0 exceeded the @entity2 vs the 45% of the @entity1 ; SS: 75% vs 48%). Six months after treatment, those statistically significant improvements persisted for DRQoL (p=0.0067) and for SS (p=0.0405). Clinical improvements persisted for SS (63% vs 41%). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that adding psychotherapy to standard medical therapy improves short-term outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 and may have long-term effects as well. The cost-effectiveness of intensive therapy needs to be evaluated. Registration number and name of trial registry: NCT01802710.

title: A randomized controlled trial of a 10week group psychotherapeutic treatment added to standard medical treatment in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Epidemiological evidence suggests an association between @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Yet few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions have been conducted for @entity3 . We conducted an RCT to evaluate the efficacy of psychotherapy among chronic @entity3 . METHODS: One hundred fifty-eight consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 were randomized to medical therapy plus psychotherapy consisted in 8 group and 2 individual sessions focused on teaching techniques for coping with @entity3 ( @entity1 ( @entity1 ); n=76) or medical therapy alone ( @entity1 ( @entity1 ); n=82). @entity0 completed validated self-reported questionnaires before and after the 10-week treatment and 6months later. Linear mixed-effects models were used, in intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: At the end of treatment period, statistically significant improvements were observed for @entity1 compared with @entity1 for @entity3 -related quality of life (DRQoL). DRQoL mean changes of 6.09 and 3.54 were obtained in @entity1 and @entity1 @entity0 , respectively (p=<0.0001); and SS mean changes of 11.55 and 4.57 were obtained in @entity1 and @entity1 @entity0 , respectively (p=0.0013). Those improvements, measured by @entity2 ( @entity2 ), were clinically significant (DRQoL: 77% of the @entity1 @entity0 exceeded the @entity2 vs the 45% of the @entity1 ; SS: 75% vs 48%). Six months after treatment, those statistically significant improvements persisted for DRQoL (p=0.0067) and for SS (p=0.0405). Clinical improvements persisted for SS (63% vs 41%). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that adding psychotherapy to standard medical therapy improves short-term outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 and may have long-term effects as well. The cost-effectiveness of intensive therapy needs to be evaluated. Registration number and name of trial registry: NCT01802710.

title: A randomized controlled trial of a 10week group psychotherapeutic treatment added to standard medical treatment in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Congenital nasal pyriform aperture @entity2 (CNPAS) is an increasingly recognised cause of @entity4 associated with @entity1 . Studies have described @entity6 in 40% of @entity0 . We aimed to develop guidelines for: (a) the early identification of @entity7 to minimise surgical risk and (b) to stratify @entity0 for follow-up. METHODS: Retrospective case note review of @entity0 with CNPAS between 2000 and 2014 in a tertiary paediatric unit. RESULTS: 20 @entity0 (12 female:8 male) were analysed; 16 were diagnosed during the neonatal period while 4 were diagnosed later. There was no consistent approach in the evaluation of the @entity6 at diagnosis. @entity6 was identified in 3 (15%) @entity0 , 2 of whom were found during evaluation of @entity3 in mid-late childhood. Hypoglycaemia and conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia, but not the degree of @entity2 , were highly predictive of @entity6 (p < 0.05). Available height standard deviation score (SDS) data at 1 year of 70% of our @entity0 identified both of the late-diagnosed @entity5 -deficient @entity0 , with SDS of -2.6 and -3.6, respectively. CONCLUSION: All CNPAS @entity0 should have MRI of the brain and baseline endocrine investigations at diagnosis. Growth monitoring for at least 1 year is recommended as low, or falling, height SDS at 1 year is a good predictor of @entity6 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Early Identification of @entity6 in Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture XXXX : Recommendations Based on Experience in a Single Centre.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Congenital nasal pyriform aperture @entity2 (CNPAS) is an increasingly recognised cause of @entity4 associated with @entity1 . Studies have described @entity6 in 40% of @entity0 . We aimed to develop guidelines for: (a) the early identification of @entity7 to minimise surgical risk and (b) to stratify @entity0 for follow-up. METHODS: Retrospective case note review of @entity0 with CNPAS between 2000 and 2014 in a tertiary paediatric unit. RESULTS: 20 @entity0 (12 female:8 male) were analysed; 16 were diagnosed during the neonatal period while 4 were diagnosed later. There was no consistent approach in the evaluation of the @entity6 at diagnosis. @entity6 was identified in 3 (15%) @entity0 , 2 of whom were found during evaluation of @entity3 in mid-late childhood. Hypoglycaemia and conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia, but not the degree of @entity2 , were highly predictive of @entity6 (p < 0.05). Available height standard deviation score (SDS) data at 1 year of 70% of our @entity0 identified both of the late-diagnosed @entity5 -deficient @entity0 , with SDS of -2.6 and -3.6, respectively. CONCLUSION: All CNPAS @entity0 should have MRI of the brain and baseline endocrine investigations at diagnosis. Growth monitoring for at least 1 year is recommended as low, or falling, height SDS at 1 year is a good predictor of @entity6 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Early Identification of XXXX in Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture @entity2 : Recommendations Based on Experience in a Single Centre.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the applicability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a method for monitoring the activity of @entity1 before and after clinical treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study. SETTING: One single tertiary care institution in a large, cosmopolitan city. METHODS: Twenty-six @entity0 (n = 42 ears) with clinical, audiometric, and tomographic diagnosis of @entity5 were enrolled. If computed tomography (CT) demonstrated active lesions, these @entity0 underwent MRI to detect otospongiotic foci, seen as areas of @entity3 enhancement. @entity0 were divided into 3 groups and received treatment with placebo, @entity2 , or @entity4 for 6 months. After this period, clinical and audiometric evaluations and a second MRI were performed. Each MRI was evaluated by both a neuroradiologist and an otolaryngologist in a subjective (visual) and objective (using specific eFilm Workstation software) manner. RESULTS: @entity5 was most predominantly identified in the region anterior to the oval window, and this site was reliable for comparing pre- and posttreatment scans. The @entity0 in the @entity2 and @entity4 groups had MRI findings that suggested a decrease in activity of @entity1 , more relevant in the @entity2 group. These findings were statistically significant for both subjective and objective MRI evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: MRI shows higher sensitivity than clinical or audiometric assessment for detecting reduction in activity of @entity5 . The objective MRI evaluation based on software analysis was the most accurate method of monitoring clinical treatment response in @entity5 .

title: Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Clinical Treatment of XXXX : A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Recent evidence is emerging that long term swallowing function may be improved after radiotherapy for @entity2 if doses are limited to certain swallowing structures. Immobilization of @entity0 with @entity2 is typically done with a mask. This mask, however, doesn't limit @entity0 swallowing. @entity0 voluntary or involuntary swallowing may introduce significant @entity1 motion, which can lead to suboptimal delivery. In this study, we have examined the feasibility of using surface mapping technology to detect @entity0 swallowing during treatment and evaluated its magnitude. METHODS: The C-RAD Catalyst system was used to detect the @entity0 surface map. A volunteer lying on the couch was used to simulate the @entity0 under treatment. A virtual marker was placed near the throat and was used to monitor the swallowing action. The target motion calculated by the Catalyst system through deformable registration was also collected. Two treatment isocenters, one placed close to the throat and the other placed posterior to the base-of-tongue, were used to check the sensitivity of surface mapping technique. RESULTS: When the @entity0 's throat is not in the shadow of the @entity0 's chest, the Catalyst system can clearly identify the swallowing motion. In our tests, the vertical motion of the skin can reach to about 5mm. The calculated target motion can reach up to 1 cm. The magnitude of this calculated target motion is more dramatic when the plan isocenter is closer to the skin surface, which suggests that the Catalyst motion tracking technique is more sensitive to the swallowing motion with a shallower isocenter. CONCLUSION: Surface mapping can clearly identify @entity0 swallowing during radiation treatment. This information can be used to evaluate the dosimetric impact of the involuntary swallowing. It may also be used to potentially gate head-_-neck radiation treatments. A prospective IRB approved study is currently enrolling @entity0 in our institution. Research was funded through an Elekta grant.

title: SU-E-J-193: Application of Surface Mapping in Detecting Swallowing for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cloning of microorganisms on heart endothelium can lead to @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The prototypic lesion of @entity4 , the @entity1 is a mass of platelets, fibrin, microcolonies of microorganisms, and scant inflammatory cells. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate @entity0 with @entity4 and also focusing on echocardiographic data and comparison between TTE (transthoracic echocardiography) and TEE (transesophageal echocardiography) of native and @entity3 and the final impact of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in these @entity0 with @entity4 . @entity0 AND METHODS: All @entity0 with @entity4 admitted to our center between 2007 and 2010 were studied. All echocardiographies were performed by the same echocardiographer. Echocardiography and lab tests were performed for all @entity0 . We used SPSS 16 for data analysis. RESULTS: We studied 35 @entity0 , 45% male and 55% female with a mean age of 56.36    12.44 years. Fever (80%) and chills (65.7%) were the most common symptoms. There was only a positive blood culture and enterococci sensitive to @entity5 and @entity2 . The most involved valve was mitral (54.2%) and then aortic valve (48.5%) (two @entity0 had @entity1 on both aortic and mitral valves). In this study, specificity and sensitivity of TEE were 100% and 88.6%. Six @entity0 (17.1%) died and six @entity0 needed surgery. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 is an important disease with a high mortality rate if not treated appropriately. Therefore, these @entity0 need more attention. In echocardiography, @entity1 and complications of @entity4 such as abscess and @entity6 can be detected.

title: An observational study on XXXX : a single center experience.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of a @entity2 - @entity2 (DD) neutron generator for application in @entity3 neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of @entity1 METHODS: MCNP simulations were performed using a head phantom and a monoenergetic neutron source, which resembles the point source in a DD generator that emits 2.45-MeV neutrons. Source energies ranging from 5eV to 2.45MeV were simulated to determine the optimal treatment energy. The phantom consisted of soft tissue, brain tissue, skull, skin layer, and a @entity1 of 5 cm in diameter. @entity0 depth was varied from 5-10 cm. @entity3 -10 concentrations of 10 ppm, 15 ppm, and 30 ppm were used in the soft/brain tissues, skin, and @entity0 , respectively. The neutron flux required to deliver 60 Gy to the @entity0 as well as the normal tissue doses were determined. RESULTS: Beam energies between 5eV and 10keV obtained doses with the highest dose ratios (3.3-25.9) between the @entity0 and the brain at various depths. The dose ratio with 2.45-MeV neutrons ranged from 0.8-6.6. To achieve the desired @entity0 dose in 40 minutes, the required neutron flux for a DD generator was between 8.8E10 and 5.2E11 n/s and the resulting brain dose was between 2.3 and 18 Gy, depending on the @entity0 depth. The skin and soft tissue doses were within acceptable tolerances. The @entity3 -neutron interaction accounted for 54-58% of the total dose. CONCLUSION: This study shows that the DD neutron generator can be a feasible neutron source for BNCT. The required neutron flux for treatment is achievable with the current DD neutron technology. With a well-designed beam shaping assembly and treatment geometry, the neutron flux can be further improved and a 60-Gy prescription can be accurately delivered to the target while maintaining tolerable normal tissue doses. Further experimental studies will be developed and conducted to validate the simulation results.

title: SU-E-T-21: A D-D Based Neutron Generator System for XXXX Neutron Capture Therapy: A Feasibility Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Tissue from the pars defects of six adult @entity0 with symptomatic spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis was obtained at surgery. A histologic study was conducted to identify and characterize neural elements in this tissue. OBJECTIVES: To determine if nociceptive nerve endings were present within the pars defect of @entity0 with symptomatic spondylolysis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The origin of back @entity1 in @entity0 with spondylolysis remains uncertain. The defect in the pars interarticularis has been implicated as a possible @entity1 source. METHODS: The soft tissue from the pars defect was obtained at surgery. A modified gold @entity2 stain was used to prepare the tissue for histologic examination. Tissue blocks were sectioned and studied under light microscopy. RESULTS: Neural elements were found in all specimens examined. Free nerve endings believed to have nociceptive function were identified in all specimens. The density of neural elements varied between specimens. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of neural elements, including free nerve endings within the pars defect tissue, suggests that the pars defect may be a source of back @entity1 in some @entity0 with symptomatic spondylolysis.

title: The pars defect as a XXXX source. A histologic study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: For assessment of the advantages and side effects of para-aortic lymph nodes irradiation under the evaluation by computer tomography, a prospective randomized study was started in 1986. The results for survival, local control and late complications are presented in the following. @entity0 AND METHODS: From November 1986 to October 1990, 93 @entity0 with @entity2 were randomly allocated for treatment with either pelvic irradiation (pelvic group) or pelvic plus para-aortic lymph nodes irradiation (para-aortic group). Thirty-six @entity0 underwent external irradiation and intracavitary therapy (RT arm) and 57 @entity0 , extended radical hysterectomy and external irradiation ( @entity3 arm). Para-aortic lymph nodes irradiation delivered 45 Gy in 1.8 Gy per day for 5 days per week through anterior-posterior fields. RESULTS: The 3-year cause specific survival rates were para-aortic group: 57% and pelvic group: 89% in RT arm group, and para-aortic group: 70% and pelvic group: 86% in @entity3 arm group. Differences for the 2 groups in each treatment arm were not significant. In pelvic failure, para-aortic lymph nodes @entity1 and distant @entity1 showed no statistically significant differences for the 2 groups in each treatment arm. In the para-aortic group, complications were more frequent than in the pelvic group (13/45 vs. 2/48, p < 0.025). As an enteric complication ileus was found in 7% (3/45) of the para-aortic group while 2% (1/48) in the pelvic group. Compression fractures of the lumber vertebral body were apparent in 9% (4/45) and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Routine para-aortic lymph nodes irradiation delivered through anterior-posterior fields for high risk @entity0 with @entity2 is of limited value occurring to the high incidence of late complications and this treatment fails to improve no survival rates.

title: Prophylactic irradiation of para-aortic lymph nodes in XXXX . A prospective randomized study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Wide variation in severity of @entity8 requires an individualized approach. The goals are to stabilize the @entity0 's condition and prevent progression to @entity6 or @entity3 . The following points summarize the current status of diagnosis and treatment: @entity0 suspected of having @entity8 but thought to be at low risk can be discharged after clinical evaluation if further outpatient evaluation within 72 hours is scheduled. @entity0 thought to be at intermediate or high risk should be hospitalized. Thrombolytic therapy should not be administered without evidence of @entity6 . Assessment of prognosis by noninvasive testing often aids in selection of appropriate therapy. Coronary angiography is appropriate in @entity0 judged to be at high risk for @entity4 on the basis of their clinical course or results of non-invasive testing. Coronary artery bypass grafting should be recommended in almost all @entity0 with @entity5 and many with @entity1 , especially those with @entity7 . Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is also effective in selected @entity0 . The discharge care plan should include continued monitoring of symptoms, appropriate drug therapy (including @entity2 ), and risk-factor modification.

title: @entity8 . What is the likelihood of further XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Wide variation in severity of @entity8 requires an individualized approach. The goals are to stabilize the @entity0 's condition and prevent progression to @entity6 or @entity3 . The following points summarize the current status of diagnosis and treatment: @entity0 suspected of having @entity8 but thought to be at low risk can be discharged after clinical evaluation if further outpatient evaluation within 72 hours is scheduled. @entity0 thought to be at intermediate or high risk should be hospitalized. Thrombolytic therapy should not be administered without evidence of @entity6 . Assessment of prognosis by noninvasive testing often aids in selection of appropriate therapy. Coronary angiography is appropriate in @entity0 judged to be at high risk for @entity4 on the basis of their clinical course or results of non-invasive testing. Coronary artery bypass grafting should be recommended in almost all @entity0 with @entity5 and many with @entity1 , especially those with @entity7 . Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is also effective in selected @entity0 . The discharge care plan should include continued monitoring of symptoms, appropriate drug therapy (including @entity2 ), and risk-factor modification.

title: XXXX . What is the likelihood of further @entity4 ?

answer: @entity8


abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered numerous genetic variants (SNPs) that are associated with blood pressure (BP). Genetic variants may lead to BP changes by acting on intermediate molecular phenotypes such as coded protein sequence or gene expression, which in turn affect BP variability. Therefore, characterizing genes whose expression is associated with BP may reveal cellular processes involved in BP regulation and uncover how transcripts mediate genetic and environmental effects on BP variability. A meta-analysis of results from six studies of global gene expression profiles of BP and @entity0 in whole blood was performed in 7017 individuals who were not receiving antihypertensive drug treatment. We identified 34 genes that were differentially expressed in relation to BP (Bonferroni-corrected p<0.05). Among these genes, @entity1 and @entity2 have been previously reported to be involved in BP-related processes; the others are novel. The top BP signature genes in aggregate explain 5%-9% of inter-individual variance in BP. Of note, @entity5 in @entity4 , which was also reported in GWAS to be associated with BP, was found to be a trans regulator of the expression of 6 of the transcripts we found to be associated with BP ( @entity1 , @entity6 , PP1R15A, @entity3 , S100A10, and FGBP2). Gene set enrichment analysis suggested that the BP-related global gene expression changes include genes involved in inflammatory response and apoptosis pathways. Our study provides new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying BP regulation, and suggests novel transcriptomic markers for the treatment and prevention of @entity0 .

title: A Meta-analysis of Gene Expression Signatures of Blood Pressure and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study was aimed at assessing the MR patterns of transient @entity8 and, consequently, the role of MRI in the diagnosis and follow-up of this condition. Even though this condition was originally observed in pregnant @entity0 , young or middle-aged @entity0 are most frequently affected. There is a spontaneous onset of @entity4 , usually progressing over several weeks. The @entity0 have no risk factors for @entity10 ; they may have a history of minor @entity3 and there is a possible relationship to the third trimester of pregnancy. Laboratory values are negative. @entity4 may be severe enough to cause the @entity0 to limp and to impair joint function. The possible causes of transient @entity5 have been debated by many authors and include @entity3 , @entity9 , @entity7 and transient or reversible @entity2 . Transient @entity5 is a self-limiting disease which does not require surgical treatment. The differential diagnosis of transient @entity8 is very important because this condition may simulate @entity1 , @entity12 , @entity11 or @entity10 . We report the initial and follow-up features of transient @entity8 on the MR images of 6 @entity0 (M/F = 5/1; age: 37-49 years, mean: 41.8 years). The right side was involved in 3 @entity0 , the left side in 2 @entity0 . The @entity0 with bilateral transient @entity5 was a @entity0 in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In all @entity0 , MRI was performed with an 0.5 T MR unit. The MR changes in our 6 @entity0 were rather uniform and included heterogeneous decrease in the signal intensity of the affected bone marrow on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted and STIR images, with no evidence of focal lesions. This pattern is known as the " @entity6 " (BME) pattern. All the @entity0 received conservative treatment. The clinical symptoms and the MR abnormalities regressed completely within 6-10 months, with no late sequelae. To conclude, this follow-up MR study demonstrates the transient, reversible @entity8 . Until the natural history of the BME pattern is better understood, we suggest a conservative management of this condition, especially in the @entity0 with no risk factors for @entity10 . Radiographic and MR follow-up is recommended.

title: [Transient XXXX in magnetic resonance imaging].

answer: @entity8


abstract: From January, 1985, to June, 1993, 125 @entity0 with stages B2-C @entity3 of the rectum were submitted to pre- and postoperative irradiation according to Thomas Jefferson University protocol guidelines. Five hundred cGy were administered as a single preoperative dose 24 hours before surgery using parallel opposed (AP-PA) treatment fields including the whole pelvis. Pathologic samples were classified following the Astler-Coller staging criteria. Forty-seven @entity0 had no postoperative treatment because their disease stage was A, B1 or D, 11 for refused consent and 9 postoperative complications preventing any further therapy. Seventy-eight @entity0 concluded the treatment schedule and are assessable for response. Radiotherapy total dose consisted of 4400-5000 cGy administered over 5-6 weeks: the @entity0 were treated with megavoltage photons (15-MeV photons) and one dose fraction of 2 Gy was delivered daily, 5 days a week, with the "box" or the "three-field" technique. Median follow-up time was 50.2 months from the beginning of treatment for all the @entity0 in our series (range: 18-120 months). Radiation therapy was well tolerated: 5 @entity0 had severe @entity2 and 2 had @entity4 which required surgery. Local recurrences were observed in 13 of 78 @entity0 (16.7%). Overall actuarial survival at 5 years was 66.8%. Our results confirm the efficacy of this treatment, which is in agreement with international literature data. However, no difference was seen relative to the results obtained with postoperative irradiation alone. We conclude that sandwich radiotherapy can be an effective tool for the local control of @entity3 , with acceptable morbidity, even though it fails to prevent @entity1 .

title: [The results of sandwich adjuvant radiotherapy in 2nd- and 3rd-stage XXXX . The authors' personal experience].

answer: @entity3


abstract: A Monte Carlo simulation is incorporated into a risk assessment for @entity5 ( @entity6 ) using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling coupled with the linearized multistage model to derive @entity0 carcinogenic risk extrapolations. The Monte Carlo technique incorporates physiological parameter variability to produce a statistically derived range of risk estimates which quantifies specific uncertainties associated with PBPK risk assessment approaches. Both inhalation and ingestion exposure routes are addressed. Simulated exposure scenarios were consistent with those used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in their @entity6 risk assessment. Mean values of physiological parameters were gathered from the literature for both @entity2 (carcinogenic bioassay subjects) and for @entity0 . Realistic physiological value distributions were assumed using existing data on variability. @entity2 @entity1 bioassay data were correlated to total @entity6 metabolized and area-under-the-curve (blood concentration) @entity3 ( @entity4 ) as determined by a @entity2 PBPK model. These internal dose metrics were used in a linearized multistage model analysis to determine dose metric values corresponding to 10(-6) lifetime excess @entity1 risk. Using a @entity0 PBPK model, these metabolized doses were then extrapolated to equivalent @entity0 exposures (inhalation and ingestion). The Monte Carlo iterations with varying @entity2 and @entity0 physiological parameters produced a range of @entity0 exposure concentrations producing a 10(-6) risk.

title: A XXXX risk assessment using a Monte Carlo analysis of parameter uncertainty in conjunction with physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling.

answer: @entity5