abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of first targeted therapy on outcomes with second targeted therapy for metastatic @entity1 is not well known. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes for @entity0 receiving a second targeted therapy with @entity2 by type of first targeted therapy. @entity0 AND METHODS: Data were drawn from 3 separate retrospective chart reviews conducted in 2011, 2012, and 2014. Inclusion criteria and study design were similar across the 3 studies. To be included in this analysis, @entity0 had to meet the following criteria: aged  >=  18 years; received first targeted therapy with @entity5 , @entity3 , or @entity4 ; and received second targeted therapy with @entity2 . Overall survival, time to treatment failure, and time to treatment discontinuation outcomes were measured from second targeted therapy initiation. Outcomes were compared among treatment groups by Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. Hazard ratios for overall survival, time to treatment failure, and time to treatment discontinuation obtained from the 3 chart reviews were synthesized in meta-analyses. RESULTS: Of 696 @entity0 treated with @entity2 as second targeted therapy, 605 @entity0 received first targeted therapy with @entity3 / @entity4 and 91 with @entity5 . After synthesizing the hazard ratios from all studies in meta-analyses, there were no significant differences in study outcomes between @entity0 receiving @entity3 / @entity4 versus those receiving @entity5 as first targeted therapy. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences among outcomes while receiving second targeted therapy with @entity2 for @entity0 treated with @entity5 versus @entity3 / @entity4 as first targeted therapy.

title: Real-World Effectiveness of @entity2 Subsequent to Different First Targeted Therapies for the Treatment of XXXX : Synthesis of Retrospective Chart Reviews.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of first targeted therapy on outcomes with second targeted therapy for metastatic @entity1 is not well known. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes for @entity0 receiving a second targeted therapy with @entity2 by type of first targeted therapy. @entity0 AND METHODS: Data were drawn from 3 separate retrospective chart reviews conducted in 2011, 2012, and 2014. Inclusion criteria and study design were similar across the 3 studies. To be included in this analysis, @entity0 had to meet the following criteria: aged  >=  18 years; received first targeted therapy with @entity5 , @entity3 , or @entity4 ; and received second targeted therapy with @entity2 . Overall survival, time to treatment failure, and time to treatment discontinuation outcomes were measured from second targeted therapy initiation. Outcomes were compared among treatment groups by Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. Hazard ratios for overall survival, time to treatment failure, and time to treatment discontinuation obtained from the 3 chart reviews were synthesized in meta-analyses. RESULTS: Of 696 @entity0 treated with @entity2 as second targeted therapy, 605 @entity0 received first targeted therapy with @entity3 / @entity4 and 91 with @entity5 . After synthesizing the hazard ratios from all studies in meta-analyses, there were no significant differences in study outcomes between @entity0 receiving @entity3 / @entity4 versus those receiving @entity5 as first targeted therapy. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences among outcomes while receiving second targeted therapy with @entity2 for @entity0 treated with @entity5 versus @entity3 / @entity4 as first targeted therapy.

title: Real-World Effectiveness of XXXX Subsequent to Different First Targeted Therapies for the Treatment of @entity1 : Synthesis of Retrospective Chart Reviews.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Rapid synaptic @entity3 transport or reduced brain @entity3 receptor signaling may influence energy intake. @entity4 , a @entity3 reuptake inhibitor, increases brain synaptic @entity3 and produces @entity2 , suggesting that it may reduce energy intake. We investigated the effects of two doses of short-acting @entity4 on energy intake over one meal in @entity1 adult males. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Nine @entity1 males (>85th BMI percentile) ingested a placebo or a moderate dose (0.5 mg/kg) or a high dose (1.0 mg/kg) of @entity4 in a within-subject double-blind acute laboratory study. One hour after ingestion, pizza consumption was measured in a naturalistic laboratory setting. RESULTS: @entity0 reduced energy intake by 23% for the moderate dose vs. the placebo (p < 0.02), but there was no significant difference for the high dose vs. the moderate dose (p > 0.05). @entity0 consumed 34% fewer kilocalories after ingesting the lowest effective dose of @entity4 compared with placebo (725.7 +/- 404.5 vs.1095 +/- 271.1 kcal, p < 0.01). Seven of nine subjects responded to the moderate dose. The increase in perceived drug effect above placebo was correlated with the reduction in energy intake for both the moderate (r = -0.85, p = 0.004) and the high (r = -0.75 p = 0.021) doses. Hunger scores were not different across drug doses or placebo before drug administration. DISCUSSION: @entity4 reduced energy intake of a highly palatable food over one meal by one-third in @entity1 adult males. @entity3 transport inhibition may be an effective component of a comprehensive treatment for @entity1 .

title: Influence of @entity4 on eating in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Rapid synaptic @entity3 transport or reduced brain @entity3 receptor signaling may influence energy intake. @entity4 , a @entity3 reuptake inhibitor, increases brain synaptic @entity3 and produces @entity2 , suggesting that it may reduce energy intake. We investigated the effects of two doses of short-acting @entity4 on energy intake over one meal in @entity1 adult males. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Nine @entity1 males (>85th BMI percentile) ingested a placebo or a moderate dose (0.5 mg/kg) or a high dose (1.0 mg/kg) of @entity4 in a within-subject double-blind acute laboratory study. One hour after ingestion, pizza consumption was measured in a naturalistic laboratory setting. RESULTS: @entity0 reduced energy intake by 23% for the moderate dose vs. the placebo (p < 0.02), but there was no significant difference for the high dose vs. the moderate dose (p > 0.05). @entity0 consumed 34% fewer kilocalories after ingesting the lowest effective dose of @entity4 compared with placebo (725.7 +/- 404.5 vs.1095 +/- 271.1 kcal, p < 0.01). Seven of nine subjects responded to the moderate dose. The increase in perceived drug effect above placebo was correlated with the reduction in energy intake for both the moderate (r = -0.85, p = 0.004) and the high (r = -0.75 p = 0.021) doses. Hunger scores were not different across drug doses or placebo before drug administration. DISCUSSION: @entity4 reduced energy intake of a highly palatable food over one meal by one-third in @entity1 adult males. @entity3 transport inhibition may be an effective component of a comprehensive treatment for @entity1 .

title: Influence of XXXX on eating in @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Rapid synaptic @entity3 transport or reduced brain @entity3 receptor signaling may influence energy intake. @entity4 , a @entity3 reuptake inhibitor, increases brain synaptic @entity3 and produces @entity2 , suggesting that it may reduce energy intake. We investigated the effects of two doses of short-acting @entity4 on energy intake over one meal in @entity1 adult males. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Nine @entity1 males (>85th BMI percentile) ingested a placebo or a moderate dose (0.5 mg/kg) or a high dose (1.0 mg/kg) of @entity4 in a within-subject double-blind acute laboratory study. One hour after ingestion, pizza consumption was measured in a naturalistic laboratory setting. RESULTS: @entity0 reduced energy intake by 23% for the moderate dose vs. the placebo (p < 0.02), but there was no significant difference for the high dose vs. the moderate dose (p > 0.05). @entity0 consumed 34% fewer kilocalories after ingesting the lowest effective dose of @entity4 compared with placebo (725.7 +/- 404.5 vs.1095 +/- 271.1 kcal, p < 0.01). Seven of nine subjects responded to the moderate dose. The increase in perceived drug effect above placebo was correlated with the reduction in energy intake for both the moderate (r = -0.85, p = 0.004) and the high (r = -0.75 p = 0.021) doses. Hunger scores were not different across drug doses or placebo before drug administration. DISCUSSION: @entity4 reduced energy intake of a highly palatable food over one meal by one-third in @entity1 adult males. @entity3 transport inhibition may be an effective component of a comprehensive treatment for @entity1 .

title: Influence of @entity4 on eating in @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Treatment of idiopathic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is still a great problem for the physicians, due to the still unexplained etiopathogenesis of the disease. This retrospective study includes 115 @entity0 with idiopathic @entity4 and compares two therapy regimens. Of the total number of @entity0 , 51 had been primarily treated by hyperbaric @entity1 (HBO) at 2.8 bar. The remaining 64 @entity0 had been treated by @entity3 infusions in increasing and decreasing doses. Hearing thresholds were ascertained at the frequencies of 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 Hz using pure-tone audiometry. The results after treatment showed a statistically significant improvement of hearing by 46.35 (SD +/-18.58) dB hearing level (HL) in the group of @entity0 treated with HBO, compared with an improvement of hearing by 21.48 dB HL (SD +/-13.5) in the group of @entity0 treated with @entity3 infusions (p < 0.001). Furthermore, hearing recovered to physiological values in 24 of 51 (47.1%) HBO-treated @entity0 , compared to only 4 of 64 (6.2%) of the @entity3 -treated @entity0 . Furthermore, after @entity3 treatment only 8/64 (12.5%) @entity0 showed partial recovery, whereas after HBO therapy 21/51 (41.2%) @entity0 improved up to a mild persistent @entity2 . This indicates strong evidence that HBO therapy is more effective in the treatment of idiopathic @entity4 than conventional rheological treatment. However, more prospective clinical trials should confirm the efficiency of HBO therapy and lead to its wider application.

title: Hyperbaric XXXX in the treatment of @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Treatment of idiopathic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is still a great problem for the physicians, due to the still unexplained etiopathogenesis of the disease. This retrospective study includes 115 @entity0 with idiopathic @entity4 and compares two therapy regimens. Of the total number of @entity0 , 51 had been primarily treated by hyperbaric @entity1 (HBO) at 2.8 bar. The remaining 64 @entity0 had been treated by @entity3 infusions in increasing and decreasing doses. Hearing thresholds were ascertained at the frequencies of 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 Hz using pure-tone audiometry. The results after treatment showed a statistically significant improvement of hearing by 46.35 (SD +/-18.58) dB hearing level (HL) in the group of @entity0 treated with HBO, compared with an improvement of hearing by 21.48 dB HL (SD +/-13.5) in the group of @entity0 treated with @entity3 infusions (p < 0.001). Furthermore, hearing recovered to physiological values in 24 of 51 (47.1%) HBO-treated @entity0 , compared to only 4 of 64 (6.2%) of the @entity3 -treated @entity0 . Furthermore, after @entity3 treatment only 8/64 (12.5%) @entity0 showed partial recovery, whereas after HBO therapy 21/51 (41.2%) @entity0 improved up to a mild persistent @entity2 . This indicates strong evidence that HBO therapy is more effective in the treatment of idiopathic @entity4 than conventional rheological treatment. However, more prospective clinical trials should confirm the efficiency of HBO therapy and lead to its wider application.

title: Hyperbaric @entity1 in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity10 is an uncommon subtype of @entity7 which has been considered to be a subtype of @entity7 with a worse prognosis. Intensive chemotherapy is the first line of treatment. In recent years, the effect of kefir on some @entity0 has been experimented. Kefir is a kind of beverage, which obtained by incubation of kefir grains with raw milk. Kefir grains are a symbiotic complex of different kinds of @entity3 and bacteria, especially @entity4 bacteria which gather in a mostly @entity5 matrix, named kefiran. We investigated the effect of kefir on @entity10 cell line (KG-1) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The cell line and PBMCs were treated with different doses of kefir and milk and incubated for three different times. We used Polymixin B to block the lipopolysaccharide and @entity9 (1  mol/l) to neutralize the acidic media. Viability was detected by @entity2 assay. Apoptosis and @entity1 were assessed by annexin- @entity6 staining. Our results showed that kefir induced apoptosis and @entity1 in KG-1 cell line. It was revealed that kefir decreased proliferation in @entity8 cell line. We did not observe a remarkable effect of kefir on PBMCs. Our study suggested that kefir may have potential to be an effective treatment for @entity8 .

title: Kefir induces apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation in human XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is an infrequent, highly malignant, primary @entity4 derived from neuroendocrine cells. Most MCCs occur in elderly individuals, on sun-exposed areas of the body, with the head and neck being the most common sites. We present 7 @entity0 (2 male and 5 female, age 45-80 years) suffering from @entity5 and treated between 1993 and 2000. All @entity2 were located on the head and neck and varied from 0.9 to 2.3 cm in size. Five of the @entity0 had @entity3 , 1 @entity0 had stage Ia disease and 1 @entity0 had @entity2 . Six of the @entity0 had positive regional lymph nodes. All @entity0 had local excision of the @entity2 . Six of them also had lymph node dissection and in 5 of them a superficial parotidectomy was performed. Five @entity0 received adjuvant radiotherapy and 3 of them also received chemotherapy. Local and cervical lymph node recurrence was observed in only 1 @entity0 . @entity1 occurred in 5 @entity0 . One @entity0 died within 10 days for other reasons. The @entity0 with the @entity2 had a survival of 7 months. The other 5 @entity0 had survivals varying from 15 to 54 months. @entity5 is a @entity4 with very poor prognosis and high recurrence and metastatic rates. Its treatment is still under discussion. Radical excision of the @entity2 is the main method of treatment. Selective lymph node dissection is suggested. Superficial parotidectomy seems necessary, especially if the @entity2 is on the auricle. Adjuvant radio- and chemotherapy may extend survival in case of @entity2 .

title: XXXX : report of seven cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and standard uptake value (SUV) by @entity2 PET represent host immunity and @entity1 metabolic activity, respectively. We investigated NLR and maximum SUV (SUVmax) as prognostic markers in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 who receive palliative chemotherapy. METHODS: We reviewed 396 @entity3 @entity0 receiving palliative chemotherapy. NLR was obtained before and after the first cycle of chemotherapy. In 118 @entity0 with PET prior to chemotherapy, SUVmax was collected. Cut-off values were determined by ROC curve. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis of all @entity0 , NLR and change in NLR after the first cycle of chemotherapy (  NLR) were independent prognostic factors for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We scored the risk considering NLR and   NLR and identified 4 risk groups with different prognosis (risk score 0 vs 1 vs 2 vs 3: @entity4 9.7 vs 7.9 vs 5.7 vs 2.6 months, HR 1 vs 1.329 vs 2.137 vs 7.915, respectively; P<0.001). In PET cohort, NLR and SUVmax were independently prognostic for @entity4 . Prognostication model using both NLR and SUVmax could define 4 risk groups with different @entity4 (risk score 0 vs 1 vs 2 vs 3: @entity4 11.8 vs 9.8 vs 7.2 vs 4.6 months, HR 1 vs 1.536 vs 2.958 vs 5.336, respectively; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: NLR and SUVmax as simple parameters of host immunity and metabolic activity of @entity1 cell, respectively, are independent prognostic factors for @entity4 in @entity3 @entity0 undergoing palliative chemotherapy.

title: More Accurate Prediction of Metastatic XXXX @entity0 ' Survival with Prognostic Model Using Both Host Immunity and @entity1 Metabolic Activity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and standard uptake value (SUV) by @entity2 PET represent host immunity and @entity1 metabolic activity, respectively. We investigated NLR and maximum SUV (SUVmax) as prognostic markers in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 who receive palliative chemotherapy. METHODS: We reviewed 396 @entity3 @entity0 receiving palliative chemotherapy. NLR was obtained before and after the first cycle of chemotherapy. In 118 @entity0 with PET prior to chemotherapy, SUVmax was collected. Cut-off values were determined by ROC curve. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis of all @entity0 , NLR and change in NLR after the first cycle of chemotherapy (  NLR) were independent prognostic factors for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We scored the risk considering NLR and   NLR and identified 4 risk groups with different prognosis (risk score 0 vs 1 vs 2 vs 3: @entity4 9.7 vs 7.9 vs 5.7 vs 2.6 months, HR 1 vs 1.329 vs 2.137 vs 7.915, respectively; P<0.001). In PET cohort, NLR and SUVmax were independently prognostic for @entity4 . Prognostication model using both NLR and SUVmax could define 4 risk groups with different @entity4 (risk score 0 vs 1 vs 2 vs 3: @entity4 11.8 vs 9.8 vs 7.2 vs 4.6 months, HR 1 vs 1.536 vs 2.958 vs 5.336, respectively; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: NLR and SUVmax as simple parameters of host immunity and metabolic activity of @entity1 cell, respectively, are independent prognostic factors for @entity4 in @entity3 @entity0 undergoing palliative chemotherapy.

title: More Accurate Prediction of Metastatic @entity3 @entity0 ' Survival with Prognostic Model Using Both Host Immunity and XXXX Metabolic Activity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and standard uptake value (SUV) by @entity2 PET represent host immunity and @entity1 metabolic activity, respectively. We investigated NLR and maximum SUV (SUVmax) as prognostic markers in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 who receive palliative chemotherapy. METHODS: We reviewed 396 @entity3 @entity0 receiving palliative chemotherapy. NLR was obtained before and after the first cycle of chemotherapy. In 118 @entity0 with PET prior to chemotherapy, SUVmax was collected. Cut-off values were determined by ROC curve. RESULTS: In multivariate analysis of all @entity0 , NLR and change in NLR after the first cycle of chemotherapy (  NLR) were independent prognostic factors for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We scored the risk considering NLR and   NLR and identified 4 risk groups with different prognosis (risk score 0 vs 1 vs 2 vs 3: @entity4 9.7 vs 7.9 vs 5.7 vs 2.6 months, HR 1 vs 1.329 vs 2.137 vs 7.915, respectively; P<0.001). In PET cohort, NLR and SUVmax were independently prognostic for @entity4 . Prognostication model using both NLR and SUVmax could define 4 risk groups with different @entity4 (risk score 0 vs 1 vs 2 vs 3: @entity4 11.8 vs 9.8 vs 7.2 vs 4.6 months, HR 1 vs 1.536 vs 2.958 vs 5.336, respectively; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: NLR and SUVmax as simple parameters of host immunity and metabolic activity of @entity1 cell, respectively, are independent prognostic factors for @entity4 in @entity3 @entity0 undergoing palliative chemotherapy.

title: More Accurate Prediction of Metastatic @entity3 XXXX ' Survival with Prognostic Model Using Both Host Immunity and @entity1 Metabolic Activity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A six month, double blind, controlled study was performed in 107 asymptomatic duodenal @entity2 @entity0 who, after short term @entity3 treatment, showed complete or incomplete @entity1 . @entity0 were stratified according to the type of healing and randomly allocated to @entity3 (200 mg at lunch, 400 mg at bedtime) or placebo. Endoscopic examinations were carried out after six months or when symptoms recurred. Eighty seven @entity0 completed the maintenance trial. Of the 56 @entity0 admitted to the study with complete healing, 30 were placed on @entity3 and 26 on placebo. Of the 31 @entity0 admitted with incomplete healing, 15 were placed on @entity3 , and 16 on placebo. Results showed that, regardless of maintenance treatment, @entity0 with incompletely healed @entity2 had a higher @entity2 crater recurrence rate, than @entity0 with complete healing (71% vs 34%; p less than 0.005). A significantly higher @entity2 crater recurrence was observed in incompletely healed @entity2 @entity0 , even when @entity3 or placebo treatment groups were considered separately. Irrespective of the type of healing, @entity2 crater recurrence was more frequent in placebo treated @entity0 than in those treated with @entity3 (67% vs 29%; p less than 0.001). We conclude that, in order to prevent a high @entity2 recurrence rate, maintenance treatment should start only after the assessment of a complete @entity4 .

title: Incompletely and completely healed duodenal XXXX ' outcome in maintenance treatment: a double blind controlled study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Purpose: We compared the treatment results and @entity1 in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 treated with concurrent chemotherapy (CCRT) alone (the CRT arm) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by CCRT (the NCT arm). Materials and Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective study was conducted to review @entity2 patterns of care and treatment outcome. Data of 568 @entity2 @entity0 treated by CCRT alone or by neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by CCRT were collected from 15 institutions. @entity0 in both treatment arms were matched using the propensity score matching method, and the clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results: After matching, 300 @entity0 (150 @entity0 in each group) were selected for analysis. Higher 5-year locoregional failure-free survival (LRFFS) was observed in the CRT arm (85% vs. 72%, p = 0.014). No significant differences in distant failure-free survival (DFFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were observed between groups. In subgroup analysis, the NCT arm showed superior DFFS and DFS in stage IV @entity0 younger than 60 years. No significant difference in compliance and @entity1 was observed between groups, except the RT duration was slightly shorter in the CRT arm (50.0 vs. 53.9 days, p = 0.018). Conclusion: This study did not show the superiority of NCT followed by CCRT over CCRT alone. Because NCT could increase the risk of loco-regional recurrences, it can only be considered in selected young @entity0 with advanced stage IV disease. The role of NCT remains to be defined and should not be viewed as the standard of care.

title: The Role of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in the Treatment of XXXX : A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study Using Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity7 neuroleptics alter rodents responses to immunization, suggesting that @entity6 (NE) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are neuroimmunomodulatory in these animals. Although endocrine factors participate in their mechanism(s) of action, recent studies suggest that NE and 5HT also interact more directly with immunocompetent cells. This review provides an overview of evidence for a direct regulatory link between the nervous and immune systems and further speculates on the process by which NE and 5HT realize in part, their neuroimmunomodulatory potential. Anatomical data show that noradrenergic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system innervate lymphoid organs providing a channel of communication between neurons and lymphocytes. Presumably neural signals transmitted by NE are received by platelets that in turn, transduce them via 5HT into immunomodulatory messages. It is proposed that NE alters the capacity of platelets to sequester and/or catabolize 5HT, thus regulating its physiologically active pool in the plasma. Macrophages possess a 5HT uptake system, the kinetic properties of which make them sensitive to changes in plasma levels of the @entity10 . Thus, through its ability to regulate plasma levels of 5HT, an immunosuppressive @entity10 with access to macrophages, the nervous system can influence cells involved in antigen recognition. Support for this hypothetical immunomodulatory mechanism is gleaned from clinical and experimental studies. For example, individuals suffering emotional @entity3 are more susceptible than others to developing @entity4 . It is of interest that platelet 5HT pharmacodynamics are often abnormal in @entity0 with @entity2 characterized by @entity9 deficits. Similar platelet changes have been achieved experimentally by treating @entity1 with @entity9 antimetabolites. Additional support for the hypothesis derives from aging research since ' @entity7 imbalance' and @entity8 are co-characteristics of senescence. In aging rodents and @entity0 , central @entity9 deficits are associated with a decreased platelet affinity for 5HT and an increased plasma content of 5HT. Thus, emotional, spontaneous (age-related), or experimental changes in @entity7 homeostasis have the potential to increase the risk of disease in affected individuals. Perhaps part of this effect results from endocrine perturbations associated with the @entity3 . However, a direct interaction between the nervous and immune systems involving @entity7 is also possible, and a need for future study of this potentially significant mechanism for neuroimmunomodulation is indicated.

title: Neuroimmunomodulatory interactions of XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity7 neuroleptics alter rodents responses to immunization, suggesting that @entity6 (NE) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are neuroimmunomodulatory in these animals. Although endocrine factors participate in their mechanism(s) of action, recent studies suggest that NE and 5HT also interact more directly with immunocompetent cells. This review provides an overview of evidence for a direct regulatory link between the nervous and immune systems and further speculates on the process by which NE and 5HT realize in part, their neuroimmunomodulatory potential. Anatomical data show that noradrenergic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system innervate lymphoid organs providing a channel of communication between neurons and lymphocytes. Presumably neural signals transmitted by NE are received by platelets that in turn, transduce them via 5HT into immunomodulatory messages. It is proposed that NE alters the capacity of platelets to sequester and/or catabolize 5HT, thus regulating its physiologically active pool in the plasma. Macrophages possess a 5HT uptake system, the kinetic properties of which make them sensitive to changes in plasma levels of the @entity10 . Thus, through its ability to regulate plasma levels of 5HT, an immunosuppressive @entity10 with access to macrophages, the nervous system can influence cells involved in antigen recognition. Support for this hypothetical immunomodulatory mechanism is gleaned from clinical and experimental studies. For example, individuals suffering emotional @entity3 are more susceptible than others to developing @entity4 . It is of interest that platelet 5HT pharmacodynamics are often abnormal in @entity0 with @entity2 characterized by @entity9 deficits. Similar platelet changes have been achieved experimentally by treating @entity1 with @entity9 antimetabolites. Additional support for the hypothesis derives from aging research since ' @entity7 imbalance' and @entity8 are co-characteristics of senescence. In aging rodents and @entity0 , central @entity9 deficits are associated with a decreased platelet affinity for 5HT and an increased plasma content of 5HT. Thus, emotional, spontaneous (age-related), or experimental changes in @entity7 homeostasis have the potential to increase the risk of disease in affected individuals. Perhaps part of this effect results from endocrine perturbations associated with the @entity3 . However, a direct interaction between the nervous and immune systems involving @entity7 is also possible, and a need for future study of this potentially significant mechanism for neuroimmunomodulation is indicated.

title: Neuroimmunomodulatory interactions of @entity6 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is an emerging area of brain research with clear application to brain @entity1 studies in deep gray matter. However, acquisition of standard whole brain @entity3 can be time-consuming. One means to reduce scan time is to use a focal acquisition restricted only to the regions of interest such as deep gray matter. However, the non-local dipole field necessary for @entity3 reconstruction extends far beyond the structure of interest. We demonstrate the practical implications of these non-local fields on the choice of brain volume for @entity3 . In an illustrative numerical simulation and then in @entity0 brain experiments, we examine the effect on @entity3 of @entity2 in each dimension. For the globus pallidus, as an example of @entity1 -rich deep gray matter, we demonstrate that substantial errors can arise even when the field-of-view far exceeds the physical structural boundaries. Thus, @entity3 reconstruction requires a non-local field-of-view prescription to ensure minimal errors. An axial @entity3 acquisition, centered on the globus pallidus, should encompass at least 76mm in the superior-inferior direction to conserve susceptibility values from the globus pallidus. This dimension exceeds the physical coronal extent of this structure by at least five-fold. As @entity3 sees wider use in the neuroscience community, its unique requirement for an extended field-of-view needs to be considered.

title: Importance of extended spatial coverage for quantitative susceptibility mapping of XXXX -rich deep gray matter.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review recent endovascular intervention trials for acute @entity2 . DATA SOURCES: Recent, randomized controlled trials of endovascular interventions for acute @entity2 were identified. The search terms "endovascular" AND " @entity1 " were used and filter for "randomized controlled trial" was applied; the period searched was January 1, 2013, to October 31, 2015. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Randomized controlled trials of endovascular interventions in acute @entity2 published within the past 3 years (2013-2015). DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 8 trials are reviewed: 3 trials published in 2013 demonstrated neutral results for endovascular interventions, and 5 trials published in 2015 demonstrated positive results for endovascular interventions. Potential reasons for the change in outcomes include better @entity0 selection and improvement indevice technology. @entity0 selection improvements included selecting @entity0 with salvageable brain tissue with an identifiable @entity3 on perfusion imaging. The major improvement in device technology was the introduction of the Solitaire Flow Restoration stent retriever and the Trevo stent retriever, both of which have improved recanalization rates compared with earlier devices. Adjunctive medication considerations include the mode of sedation (general or conscious), intraprocedural anticoagulation with @entity4 , and intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator. CONCLUSIONS: The use of endovascular devices for treating acute @entity2 is likely to increase as more centers become capable of integrating them into their @entity1 programs. It is important for pharmacists to understand the trials that evaluated endovascular interventions because differences exist with respect to device, adjunctive medication, and @entity0 selection, all of which affect @entity0 outcomes.

title: Endovascular Interventions for Acute XXXX : A Review of Recent Trials.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To compare pressure flow parameters in the different urodynamic diagnoses in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urodynamic traces of @entity0 with @entity3 were prospectively studied. Detrusor pressures at the start of flow (ODP), detrusor pressure at peak flow rate (PdetQmax), peak flow rate (Qmax) and detrusor pressure at the end of flow ( @entity4 ) were measured and compared with different urodynamic diagnoses. RESULTS: Six hundred and twenty one @entity0 were prospectively investigated between September 2000 and February 2002. Only 85% (529/621) of @entity0 had good quality pressure flow studies and was included in the study. @entity0 with detrusor overactivity have higher ODP, @entity4 and PdetQmax than @entity0 with urethral @entity2 . All these pressure flow parameters are significantly lower in @entity0 with urethral @entity2 than continent @entity0 (P < 0.05, Bonferroni test). Qmax was significantly greater in @entity0 with urodynamic stress @entity1 compared to @entity0 who had detrusor overactivity (P < 0.05, Bonferroni test). @entity0 with mixed @entity1 had pressure flow parameters intermediate between @entity0 with detrusor overactivity and those with urodynamic stress @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Pressure flow parameters appear to be useful urodynamic tools in the evaluation of @entity0 with @entity3 as they help the clinician in assessing the urethral and detrusor function.

title: Pressure flow study: a useful diagnostic test of female XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The term poorly differentiated (PD) carcinoma was proposed 20 years ago to define @entity3 , follicular-derived @entity5 with behavior intermediate between follicular/papillary and @entity4 . Among the variable histologic patterns recognized in such @entity1 , trabecular-insular-solid (TIS) areas usually are predominant. Conversely, some authors pointed out that @entity4 are characterized by unequivocal, high-grade histology with atypias, high mitotic counts, and @entity2 rather than by a specific growth pattern. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features of a series of 183 @entity5 with predominant (n = 165 @entity1 ) or focal (n = 18 @entity1 ) TIS growth patterns were studied by univariate and multivariate overall survival analyses and were compared with clinical outcomes. Subgroups included @entity1 with predominant oxyphilic features (n = 66 @entity1 ) and (residual) @entity6 features (n = 24 @entity1 ). Control groups of papillary (n = 68 @entity1 ), follicular (n = 71 @entity1 ), and anaplastic (n = 35 @entity1 ) @entity4 also were included for overall survival analysis. RESULTS: TIS @entity4 had an intermediate behavior between papillary/follicular and @entity4 (P < 0.0001). Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses demonstrated that age > 45 years (P = 0.007), the presence of @entity2 (P < 0.0001), and a mitotic count > 3 per 10 high-power fields (P = 0.01) were associated with poor outcome. A simplified scoring system based on statistically significant parameters allowed the identification of three prognostic subgroups (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: PD TIS @entity4 overall followed a more @entity3 course compared with differentiated @entity5 , irrespective of the extent of the TIS component. However, a numeric scoring system applied to specific clinicopathologic parameters further may identify three prognostic categories of @entity0 who have significantly different survival rates at 5 years and 10 years.

title: Poorly differentiated XXXX of the thyroid with trabecular, insular, and solid patterns: a clinicopathologic study of 183 @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The term poorly differentiated (PD) carcinoma was proposed 20 years ago to define @entity3 , follicular-derived @entity5 with behavior intermediate between follicular/papillary and @entity4 . Among the variable histologic patterns recognized in such @entity1 , trabecular-insular-solid (TIS) areas usually are predominant. Conversely, some authors pointed out that @entity4 are characterized by unequivocal, high-grade histology with atypias, high mitotic counts, and @entity2 rather than by a specific growth pattern. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features of a series of 183 @entity5 with predominant (n = 165 @entity1 ) or focal (n = 18 @entity1 ) TIS growth patterns were studied by univariate and multivariate overall survival analyses and were compared with clinical outcomes. Subgroups included @entity1 with predominant oxyphilic features (n = 66 @entity1 ) and (residual) @entity6 features (n = 24 @entity1 ). Control groups of papillary (n = 68 @entity1 ), follicular (n = 71 @entity1 ), and anaplastic (n = 35 @entity1 ) @entity4 also were included for overall survival analysis. RESULTS: TIS @entity4 had an intermediate behavior between papillary/follicular and @entity4 (P < 0.0001). Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses demonstrated that age > 45 years (P = 0.007), the presence of @entity2 (P < 0.0001), and a mitotic count > 3 per 10 high-power fields (P = 0.01) were associated with poor outcome. A simplified scoring system based on statistically significant parameters allowed the identification of three prognostic subgroups (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: PD TIS @entity4 overall followed a more @entity3 course compared with differentiated @entity5 , irrespective of the extent of the TIS component. However, a numeric scoring system applied to specific clinicopathologic parameters further may identify three prognostic categories of @entity0 who have significantly different survival rates at 5 years and 10 years.

title: Poorly differentiated @entity4 of the thyroid with trabecular, insular, and solid patterns: a clinicopathologic study of 183 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 who are at high risk of recurrence after undergoing curative (R0) resection for @entity4 may benefit most from adjuvant treatment and from intensive follow-up for early detection and treatment of recurrence. However, in light of new clinical evidence, there is a need for continuous improvement in the calculation of the risk of recurrence. METHODS: Six hundred forty-one @entity0 with R0-resected @entity4 who underwent surgery between January 1, 1984 and December 31, 1996 were recruited from the Erlangen Registry of @entity3 . The study end point was time until first locoregional or distant recurrence. The factors analyzed were: age, gender, site in colon, International Union Against @entity2 (UICC) pathologic @entity2 classification (pT), UICC pathologic lymph node classification, histologic @entity2 type, malignancy grade, lymphatic invasion, @entity1 , number of examined lymph nodes, number of lymph node @entity1 , emergency presentation, intraoperative @entity2 cell spillage, surgeon, and time period. The resulting prognostic tree was evaluated by means of an independent sample using a measure of predictive accuracy based on the Brier score for censored data. Predictive accuracy was compared with several proposed stage groupings. RESULTS: The prognostic tree contained the following variables: pT, the number of lymph node @entity1 , @entity1 , and emergency presentation. Predictive accuracy based on the validation sample was 0.230 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.227-0.233) for the prognostic tree and 0.212 (95% CI, 0.209-0.215) for the UICC TNM sixth edition stage grouping. CONCLUSIONS: The prognostic tree showed superior predictive accuracy when it was validated using an independent sample. It is interpreted easily and may be applied under clinical circumstances. Provided that their classification system can be validated successfully in other centers, the authors propose using the prognostic tree as a starting point for studies of adjuvant treatment and follow-up strategies.

title: Improved prediction of recurrence after curative resection of XXXX using tree-based risk stratification.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Addition of bevacizumab/targeted therapy to cores consisting of four to five previously failed cytotoxic drugs employed at low/moderate dosages has produced third- and fourth-line regression of @entity1 . Targeted therapy added to cores of previously failed drugs has similarly produced responses of refractory @entity6 . @entity0 AND METHODS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the addition of targeted therapy to failed cores for @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity0 all had end-stage measurable @entity4 and active progression during treatment with cores. Targeted therapy, bevacizumab or cetuximab, at standard dosages and schedule was added to the failed cores, which consisted of: @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity10 and @entity9 on day 1, and a platin with/without @entity7 on day 2, each at its prior dose and schedule. Electronic medical records facilitated identification of @entity0 for intent-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: All 13 @entity0 had measurable disease; all standard cytotoxins had been used and failed before the start of treatment with targeted therapy added to the cores. The response rates according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors and response duration range were: bevacizumab cores: 3/6, 6 to 19 months, and cetuximab cores: 5/7, 10 to 28 months. Responses produced clinical benefit and one late neoadjuvant R0 resection. There were no limiting hematological adverse events due to the cores. Limiting adverse events were @entity2 in two @entity0 and an easily controlled duodenal ulcer in one. CONCLUSION: Bevacizumab cores and cetuximab cores both produced response rates which satisfy phase II criteria for further investigation. As cores, failed cytotoxic drugs, many at one-quarter to half of their standard doses have been found to produce synergistic benefit in combination with targeted therapy for end-stage @entity0 in four diseases. Co-treatment with no longer active cytotoxic core drugs can demonstrate efficacy attributable to the targeted therapy. This approach is a worthy, cost-effective fast-track registration strategy and distinctly different from trials testing primary treatment.

title: Targeted Therapy for XXXX with Bevacizumab or Cetuximab Added to Failed Cytotoxic Drug Cores.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to clarify the outcome of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) within Milan criteria. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study comprised of 197 adult @entity0 . One hundred twenty-nine @entity0 were within Milan criteria. The overall and recurrence-free survival rates after the LDLT were calculated. RESULTS: The 1-, 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 94.5%, 89.9% and 88.6%, respectively. The 1-, 5- and 10-year recurrence-free survival rates were 100%, 97.0% and 94.0%, respectively. Four @entity0 had @entity1 recurrence. The mean neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (6.75 vs. 2.75, p=0.002) or @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (3,239 vs. 197, p<0.001) of these four recipients was significantly higher compared to that of 125 recipients without @entity1 recurrence. CONCLUSION: The outcome of LDLT for @entity0 with @entity1 within Milan criteria was outstanding. Careful follow-up after LDLT is necessary for @entity0 with high NLR or @entity2 .

title: Living Donor Liver Transplantation for XXXX within Milan Criteria in the Present Era.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to evaluate the use of the 27K methylation array to investigate abnormal methylation of two genes and their associations with clinical characteristics in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Six differentially-methylated genes identified using the 27K methylation array were screened in the @entity0 @entity3 786-0 cell line and normal kidney tissues by @entity4 sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differentially-methylated regions (DMRs) that were abnormally hypermethylated in the cell line were further validated in @entity2 and paired normal tissues by pyrosequencing. The correlations between DMRs and differences (methylation rate of @entity1 minus that of paired normal tissue) according to gender, age, @entity1 size, Fuhrman grade and disease stage were assessed. Gene expression prior to and following @entity5 treatment was examined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Two DMRs located in the @entity7 and @entity6 genes were found to be hypermethylated in the 786-0 cells, but not in the normal kidney tissues. Pyrosequencing results showed that the average methylation rate of @entity7 in the @entity1 tissues was significantly higher compared to that in the paired normal tissues (48.78 vs. 34.62%; P<0.001). The methylation rate of @entity6 was also higher in the @entity1 tissues compared with the paired normal tissues (58.98 vs. 38.66%; P<0.001). In stage T1 @entity3 , the methylation rate of the @entity1 tissue was positively correlated with the Fuhrman grade (P=0.02). The difference in methylation between the @entity1 and normal tissues was significantly higher in the group with high Fuhrman grade for the two genes. Furthermore, the linear correlation between methylation difference and @entity1 size was also confirmed (P=0.01). The RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that @entity6 and @entity7 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated following @entity5 treatment. The results identified two novel DMRs located in @entity6 and @entity7 that were hypermethylated in the @entity3 tissue samples. The methylation profile in @entity3 could potentially provide predictive information for clinical decisions.

title: Abnormal methylation status of @entity7 and @entity6 , and associations with clinical characteristics in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to evaluate the use of the 27K methylation array to investigate abnormal methylation of two genes and their associations with clinical characteristics in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Six differentially-methylated genes identified using the 27K methylation array were screened in the @entity0 @entity3 786-0 cell line and normal kidney tissues by @entity4 sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differentially-methylated regions (DMRs) that were abnormally hypermethylated in the cell line were further validated in @entity2 and paired normal tissues by pyrosequencing. The correlations between DMRs and differences (methylation rate of @entity1 minus that of paired normal tissue) according to gender, age, @entity1 size, Fuhrman grade and disease stage were assessed. Gene expression prior to and following @entity5 treatment was examined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Two DMRs located in the @entity7 and @entity6 genes were found to be hypermethylated in the 786-0 cells, but not in the normal kidney tissues. Pyrosequencing results showed that the average methylation rate of @entity7 in the @entity1 tissues was significantly higher compared to that in the paired normal tissues (48.78 vs. 34.62%; P<0.001). The methylation rate of @entity6 was also higher in the @entity1 tissues compared with the paired normal tissues (58.98 vs. 38.66%; P<0.001). In stage T1 @entity3 , the methylation rate of the @entity1 tissue was positively correlated with the Fuhrman grade (P=0.02). The difference in methylation between the @entity1 and normal tissues was significantly higher in the group with high Fuhrman grade for the two genes. Furthermore, the linear correlation between methylation difference and @entity1 size was also confirmed (P=0.01). The RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that @entity6 and @entity7 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated following @entity5 treatment. The results identified two novel DMRs located in @entity6 and @entity7 that were hypermethylated in the @entity3 tissue samples. The methylation profile in @entity3 could potentially provide predictive information for clinical decisions.

title: Abnormal methylation status of XXXX and @entity6 , and associations with clinical characteristics in @entity3 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to evaluate the use of the 27K methylation array to investigate abnormal methylation of two genes and their associations with clinical characteristics in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Six differentially-methylated genes identified using the 27K methylation array were screened in the @entity0 @entity3 786-0 cell line and normal kidney tissues by @entity4 sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Differentially-methylated regions (DMRs) that were abnormally hypermethylated in the cell line were further validated in @entity2 and paired normal tissues by pyrosequencing. The correlations between DMRs and differences (methylation rate of @entity1 minus that of paired normal tissue) according to gender, age, @entity1 size, Fuhrman grade and disease stage were assessed. Gene expression prior to and following @entity5 treatment was examined using reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Two DMRs located in the @entity7 and @entity6 genes were found to be hypermethylated in the 786-0 cells, but not in the normal kidney tissues. Pyrosequencing results showed that the average methylation rate of @entity7 in the @entity1 tissues was significantly higher compared to that in the paired normal tissues (48.78 vs. 34.62%; P<0.001). The methylation rate of @entity6 was also higher in the @entity1 tissues compared with the paired normal tissues (58.98 vs. 38.66%; P<0.001). In stage T1 @entity3 , the methylation rate of the @entity1 tissue was positively correlated with the Fuhrman grade (P=0.02). The difference in methylation between the @entity1 and normal tissues was significantly higher in the group with high Fuhrman grade for the two genes. Furthermore, the linear correlation between methylation difference and @entity1 size was also confirmed (P=0.01). The RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that @entity6 and @entity7 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated following @entity5 treatment. The results identified two novel DMRs located in @entity6 and @entity7 that were hypermethylated in the @entity3 tissue samples. The methylation profile in @entity3 could potentially provide predictive information for clinical decisions.

title: Abnormal methylation status of @entity7 and XXXX , and associations with clinical characteristics in @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Our hypothesis was to determine if insulin resistance and @entity4 , rather than @entity1 , are predictive of mortality in the surgically critically ill. An observational study of an automated protocol in surgical and @entity2 intensive care units was performed. Two groups were created based on body mass index (BMI): Obese (OB) defined as BMI > or = 30 (n = 338) and nonobese defined as BMI < 30 (n = 885). Euglycemia was maintained using an automated protocol using an adapting multiplier, which we used as our marker of stress insulin resistance. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. One thousand, two hundred and twenty-three @entity0 met criteria with 73,225 @entity3 values. The OB group required more insulin (4.5 U/hr vs 3.2 U/hr, P < or = 0.01) and had a higher mean multiplier (0.07 vs 0.06, P < 0.01) reflecting insulin resistance. There was no difference in mortality between OB and nonobese (11.6% vs 11.5%, P = 0.96). Logistic regression showed that insulin dose (odds ratio 0.864; 95% confidence interval 0.772-0.967, P = 0.01), and not BMI, was an independent predictor of survival in this population. Obesity is not an independent risk factor for mortality in the surgical critical care population. Insulin resistance and subsequent @entity4 are increased in @entity1 and are independent predictors of mortality.

title: @entity3 metabolism, not XXXX , predicts mortality in critically ill surgical @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Our hypothesis was to determine if insulin resistance and @entity4 , rather than @entity1 , are predictive of mortality in the surgically critically ill. An observational study of an automated protocol in surgical and @entity2 intensive care units was performed. Two groups were created based on body mass index (BMI): Obese (OB) defined as BMI > or = 30 (n = 338) and nonobese defined as BMI < 30 (n = 885). Euglycemia was maintained using an automated protocol using an adapting multiplier, which we used as our marker of stress insulin resistance. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. One thousand, two hundred and twenty-three @entity0 met criteria with 73,225 @entity3 values. The OB group required more insulin (4.5 U/hr vs 3.2 U/hr, P < or = 0.01) and had a higher mean multiplier (0.07 vs 0.06, P < 0.01) reflecting insulin resistance. There was no difference in mortality between OB and nonobese (11.6% vs 11.5%, P = 0.96). Logistic regression showed that insulin dose (odds ratio 0.864; 95% confidence interval 0.772-0.967, P = 0.01), and not BMI, was an independent predictor of survival in this population. Obesity is not an independent risk factor for mortality in the surgical critical care population. Insulin resistance and subsequent @entity4 are increased in @entity1 and are independent predictors of mortality.

title: XXXX metabolism, not @entity1 , predicts mortality in critically ill surgical @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Our hypothesis was to determine if insulin resistance and @entity4 , rather than @entity1 , are predictive of mortality in the surgically critically ill. An observational study of an automated protocol in surgical and @entity2 intensive care units was performed. Two groups were created based on body mass index (BMI): Obese (OB) defined as BMI > or = 30 (n = 338) and nonobese defined as BMI < 30 (n = 885). Euglycemia was maintained using an automated protocol using an adapting multiplier, which we used as our marker of stress insulin resistance. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. One thousand, two hundred and twenty-three @entity0 met criteria with 73,225 @entity3 values. The OB group required more insulin (4.5 U/hr vs 3.2 U/hr, P < or = 0.01) and had a higher mean multiplier (0.07 vs 0.06, P < 0.01) reflecting insulin resistance. There was no difference in mortality between OB and nonobese (11.6% vs 11.5%, P = 0.96). Logistic regression showed that insulin dose (odds ratio 0.864; 95% confidence interval 0.772-0.967, P = 0.01), and not BMI, was an independent predictor of survival in this population. Obesity is not an independent risk factor for mortality in the surgical critical care population. Insulin resistance and subsequent @entity4 are increased in @entity1 and are independent predictors of mortality.

title: @entity3 metabolism, not @entity1 , predicts mortality in critically ill surgical XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Primary @entity2 or spindle cell component in the @entity2 are very rare. The @entity1 cells were positive for @entity3 markers. So these @entity1 were diagnosed as spindle cell variant of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). To further delineate clinico-pathological features of primary @entity2 and discuss differential diagnosis, we reported a 67-year-old @entity0 with a mass in the right thyroid without clinical symptom. Microscopy revealed that an encapsulated @entity1 with lot criss spindle cells arranged in bundles. Nuclear grooves were easy to see and rare displayed pseudoinclusions. Immunohistochemical studied showed that the spindle cells were all strong positive for @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity4 . Rare follicular were seen in the periphery of the @entity1 near the thyroid tissue. The cells formed follicular but the @entity1 cells were positive for pan-keratins. The pathological diagnosis was primary @entity2 , suspected spindle cell variant of @entity3 . Primary @entity2 were presence and without the unified name. The further reports and more discussion were need about these @entity1 .

title: Primary XXXX : spindle cell variant of @entity3 ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: Primary @entity2 or spindle cell component in the @entity2 are very rare. The @entity1 cells were positive for @entity3 markers. So these @entity1 were diagnosed as spindle cell variant of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). To further delineate clinico-pathological features of primary @entity2 and discuss differential diagnosis, we reported a 67-year-old @entity0 with a mass in the right thyroid without clinical symptom. Microscopy revealed that an encapsulated @entity1 with lot criss spindle cells arranged in bundles. Nuclear grooves were easy to see and rare displayed pseudoinclusions. Immunohistochemical studied showed that the spindle cells were all strong positive for @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity4 . Rare follicular were seen in the periphery of the @entity1 near the thyroid tissue. The cells formed follicular but the @entity1 cells were positive for pan-keratins. The pathological diagnosis was primary @entity2 , suspected spindle cell variant of @entity3 . Primary @entity2 were presence and without the unified name. The further reports and more discussion were need about these @entity1 .

title: Primary @entity2 : spindle cell variant of XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the methodology, feasibility, safety and efficacy of a novel method called cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy (CAES) for internal @entity3 . METHODS: A pilot study on CAES for grade   I   to III internal @entity3 was performed. Colon and terminal ileum examination by colonoscopy was performed for all @entity0 before starting CAES. Polypectomy and excision of anal papilla @entity1 were performed if @entity2 or anal papilla @entity1 were found and assessed to be suitable for resection under endoscopy. CAES was performed based on the requirement of the cap, endoscope, disposable endoscopic long injection needle, enough insufflated air and sclerosing agent. RESULTS: A total of 30 @entity0 with grade   I   to III internal @entity3 was included. The follow-up was more than four weeks. No bleeding was observed after CAES. One (3.33%) @entity0 claimed mild tenesmus within four days after CAES in that an endoscopist performed this procedure for the first time. One hundred percent of @entity0 were satisfied with this novel procedure, especially for those @entity0 who underwent CAES in conjunction with polypectomy or excision of anal papilla @entity1 . CONCLUSION: CAES as a novel endoscopic sclerotherapy should be a convenient, safe and effective flexible endoscopic therapy for internal @entity3 .

title: Cap-assisted endoscopic sclerotherapy for XXXX : Methods, feasibility and efficacy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the immunization efficacy of antigen and DNA vaccines after delivery to the lung, to assess the integrity of the pulmonary tissue after vaccination, and to elucidate mechanisms involved in the induction of immunity. METHODS: @entity4 , the plasmid encoding @entity4 , the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), or plasmid encoding HBsAg were intratracheally instilled or injected in quadriceps in @entity0 . The immune response and its Th polarization were analyzed over time. Markers of @entity1 were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung histology was performed. The fate of @entity4 following intratracheal instillation was studied. RESULTS: According to the vaccine, the pulmonary route produced stronger or equivalent humoral and cellular responses systemically and locally in the lung as compared to injection. The IgG subclasses and cytokine pattern indicate that the immunity was preferentially polarized toward the @entity2 and @entity3 type for antigen and DNA immunization, respectively. @entity4 penetrated the respiratory tissue and blood poorly after intratracheal instillation, suggesting that the immune response was triggered at airway surfaces. Overall, vaccines delivered to the lung did not induce any local sign of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary administration of vaccines might be a promising alternative to conventional vaccination by injection.

title: Local and systemic immune responses to intratracheal instillation of antigen and DNA vaccines in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assist in selecting treatment for @entity0 with brain metastases, the current study assessed the risk of adverse outcomes after contemporary resection of metastatic @entity2 in relation to @entity0 , surgeon, and hospital characteristics, with particular attention to the volume of care and trends in outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 13,685 admissions from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample between 1988-2000 was performed. Multivariate logistic, ordinal, and loglinear regression were used with endpoints of mortality, discharge disposition, length of stay, and total hospital charges. RESULTS: The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 3.1% and an additional 16.7% of @entity0 were not discharged directly home. In multivariate analyses, larger-volume centers were found to have lower mortality rates for intracranial @entity1 resection (odds ratio [OR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.59-1.03 [P = 0.09]). An adverse discharge disposition also was less likely at higher-volume hospitals (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.65-0.86 [P < 0.001]). For surgeon caseload, mortality was lower with higher-caseload providers (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.30-0.80 [P = 0.004]) and an adverse discharge disposition occurred significantly less frequently (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.40-0.64 [P < 0.001]). The annual number of resections increased by 79% during the study period, from 3900 (1988) to 7000 (2000). In-hospital mortality rates decreased from 4.6% (1988-1990) to 2.3% (1997-2000), a 49% relative decrease. Length of stay was reported to be significantly shorter with higher-volume providers. Hospital charges were not found to be associated significantly with hospital caseload and were found to be significantly lower after surgery that was performed by higher-caseload surgeons. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study found that higher-volume hospitals and surgeons provided superior short-term outcomes after resection of intracranial @entity1 was performed, with shorter lengths of stay and a trend toward lower charges.

title: Craniotomy for the resection of metastatic XXXX in the U.S., 1988-2000: decreasing mortality and the effect of provider caseload.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The addition of @entity2 to adjuvant therapy improves survival in postmenopausal @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 . We report a meta-analysis of four randomised trials of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) +/- @entity3 (ZA) in stage II/III @entity0 to investigate the potential for enhancing the pathological response. METHODS: Individual @entity1 data from four prospective randomised clinical trials reporting the effect of the addition of ZA on the pathological response after neoadjuvant CT were pooled. Primary outcomes were pathological complete response in the breast (pCRb) and in the breast and lymph nodes (pCR). Trial-level and individual @entity1 data meta-analyses were done. Predefined subgroup-analyses were performed for postmenopausal @entity1 and @entity1 with triple-negative  @entity0 . RESULTS: pCRb and pCR data were available in 735 and 552 @entity1 respectively. In the total study population ZA addition to neoadjuvant CT did not increase pCRb or pCR rates. However, in postmenopausal @entity1 , the addition of ZA resulted in a significant, near doubling of the pCRb rate (10.8% for CT only versus 17.7% with CT+ZA; odds ratio [OR] 2.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-4.55) and a non-significant benefit of the pCR rate (7.8% for CT only versus 14.6% with CT+ZA; OR 2.62, 95% CI  0.90-7.62). In @entity1 with triple-negative @entity0 a trend was observed favouring CT+ZA. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis shows no impact from the addition of ZA to neoadjuvant CT on pCR. However, as has been seen in the adjuvant setting, the addition of ZA to neoadjuvant CT may augment the effects of CT in postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: Effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without XXXX on pathological response: A meta-analysis of randomised trials.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lipid clinic models that combine diet and drug therapy have shown significantly better @entity4 management than usual care. The objective is to demonstrate that such a model can be established and utilized in a primary care practice, replicating the results obtained in specialty clinic settings. DESIGN: This study evaluated a "lipid clinic" model for @entity2 management in a primary care setting. SETTING/ @entity0 : @entity0 and @entity0 for both the study and control groups were selected from those with abnormal lipid profiles determined during the course of routine healthcare in community internal medicine group practices. INTERVENTION: Control subjects are those selected by chart review from the practices of four general internists. These physicians treated their @entity0 according to "usual practice". Study subjects are those from another general internal medicine practice who volunteered to enroll in that practice-based "lipid clinic". MEASUREMENT _ RESULTS: This program demonstrated significant reductions in total and low density lipoprotein @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity0 without @entity3 defined as high and low risk. It used a specialty clinic-based intervention that included diet, medication, and follow-up by nurses and physicians. Almost 90% of all @entity0 were on appropriate drug therapy and achieved therapeutic goals. CONCLUSION: We believe that a primary care practice-based, lipid clinic model employing physician involvement, diet, maximal drug therapy and @entity0 tracking can result in superior achievement of treatment goals.

title: Results from a practice-based lipid clinic model in achieving low density lipoprotein XXXX goals.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity0 brain is functionally altered through experience, a phenomenon known as plasticity. Relevant experiences may be negative, as in @entity5 . Adult @entity5 results in @entity2 . However, it has been assumed that @entity3 leads to substantial functional recovery. Animal studies suggest several predictions regarding whether this principle generally holds true. These studies indicate that the timing of @entity5 , relative to the expected course of neurodevelopment, impacts the extent of recovery. Injuries occurring during the period of cell migration are particularly detrimental. However, outcome must be assessed longitudinally because apparent recovery in childhood may reverse as the brain matures. Moreover, recovery of one function may come at the expense of others. Whether these findings characterize outcome following preterm birth is the focus of this review. Preterm birth is associated with high rates of @entity4 , primarily due to @entity1 events. Periventricular brain structures and white matter tracts are particularly vulnerable to damage. Through school age, preterm @entity0 exhibit diminished levels of global intellectual function, attention, memory, and reasoning skills relative to full-term peers. It is questionable whether these deficits persist. Because few studies have followed recent cohorts into young adulthood, it is argued that outcome cannot be reliably described based on the available literature. Moreover, important contributors to later development have been neglected, including both genetic and experiential factors. With improved assessment, it may be possible to develop interventions based on the individual @entity0 's constellation of genetic, biological, and sociodemographic risks.

title: Cognitive development in @entity0 born preterm: implications for theories of brain plasticity following XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity0 brain is functionally altered through experience, a phenomenon known as plasticity. Relevant experiences may be negative, as in @entity5 . Adult @entity5 results in @entity2 . However, it has been assumed that @entity3 leads to substantial functional recovery. Animal studies suggest several predictions regarding whether this principle generally holds true. These studies indicate that the timing of @entity5 , relative to the expected course of neurodevelopment, impacts the extent of recovery. Injuries occurring during the period of cell migration are particularly detrimental. However, outcome must be assessed longitudinally because apparent recovery in childhood may reverse as the brain matures. Moreover, recovery of one function may come at the expense of others. Whether these findings characterize outcome following preterm birth is the focus of this review. Preterm birth is associated with high rates of @entity4 , primarily due to @entity1 events. Periventricular brain structures and white matter tracts are particularly vulnerable to damage. Through school age, preterm @entity0 exhibit diminished levels of global intellectual function, attention, memory, and reasoning skills relative to full-term peers. It is questionable whether these deficits persist. Because few studies have followed recent cohorts into young adulthood, it is argued that outcome cannot be reliably described based on the available literature. Moreover, important contributors to later development have been neglected, including both genetic and experiential factors. With improved assessment, it may be possible to develop interventions based on the individual @entity0 's constellation of genetic, biological, and sociodemographic risks.

title: Cognitive development in XXXX born preterm: implications for theories of brain plasticity following @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The supradiaphragmatic vena cava of the @entity0 was transplanted to the abdominal aorta in syngeneic recipients. The cells and the connective tissue matrix of these grafts were studied 3 days to 12 weeks after transplantation by immunofluorescence staining of the cytoskeletal proteins @entity3 , @entity2 , and myosin. The matrix proteins, collagen Types I and III, laminin, fibronectin, and fibrin(ogen) were similarly demonstrated. @entity1 Factor VIII was used as a marker for endothelial cells. Inflammatory cells invaded the graft during Week 1, but later on the grafts were crowded with cells containing @entity2 . Intimal thickenings developed already after 1 week. Smooth muscle cells containing @entity3 proliferated in these thickenings. After transplantation collagen Type I increased in the graft, but collagen Type III rather decreased. During the phase of intense proliferation of smooth muscle cells the media contained a rich matrix of diffusely distributed laminin. The laminin of older grafts was confined mostly to the subintimal zone and to the intimal plaques.

title: Collagens, laminin, fibronectin, and cytoskeletal composition of cells in syngeneic aortal vein grafts in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity0 with recent @entity3 is associated with a high risk of recurrent @entity2 . More insight into the pathophysiology of @entity6 could help identify @entity0 at high risk requiring more aggressive secondary prevention. We evaluated the prevalence, distribution, @entity4 , and the risk factors predisposing @entity6 in a @entity2 population. METHODS: Consecutive @entity0 with a transient @entity1 attack or @entity3 (n=786) were evaluated for the presence and distribution of @entity6 (>= 30% luminal narrowing) by CT angiography. @entity6 were categorized as symptomatic or asymptomatic, and the presence of @entity4 was assessed. The association of traditional cerebrovascular risk factors and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate with @entity6 was analyzed. RESULTS: In 178 of 786 @entity0 (23%), 288 @entity6 were observed. Most stenoses (n=194/288; 67%) were located in the posterior circulation arteries. In 59 of 786 @entity0 (8%), @entity6 were considered symptomatic. @entity6 in the basilar artery and arteries beyond the circle of Willis were mainly noncalcified. In addition to age, gender, and several traditional cerebrovascular risk factors, erythrocyte sedimentation rate was independently associated with the presence of @entity6 (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06-1.36) and with the presence of noncalcified @entity6 in particular (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05-1.37). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 was observed in a noteworthy number of @entity2 @entity0 . Particularly, the majority of @entity6 was observed in the posterior circulation, possibly conferring worse prognosis. @entity6 in distal arteries were mainly noncalcified. Association of noncalcified @entity6 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate may indicate a prominent role for inflammatory factors in @entity5 .

title: Prevalence and XXXX of intracranial arterial stenotic lesions as assessed with multidetector computed tomography angiography.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In utero exposure to @entity10 is becoming increasingly prevalent as the number of @entity0 entering pregnancy with @entity9 , or developing gestational @entity1 , increases. Both animal studies and epidemiologic investigations have found @entity4 in adult offspring of @entity8 mothers (OHM). OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that adult OHM would have abnormal cardiac function in vivo and increased susceptibility to @entity3 . METHODS: Pregnant @entity2 were made @entity1 on day 12 of gestation. Serum @entity7 was monitored twice daily and insulin provided to maintain serum @entity7 at 200-400 mg/dl. Offspring were fostered to normal mothers after birth. Adult OHM were studied at 8-10 months of age with echocardiography to assess in vivo cardiac function and isolated hearts to determine the response to @entity3 . RESULTS: Echocardiography found significant @entity5 in male OHM compared to male controls. In isolated hearts, baseline cardiac function and left ventricular compliance was significantly diminished in male OHM compared to controls. @entity3 caused a significant decline in heart function in controls and female OHM, while function in male OHM remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Adult male OHM demonstrate programmed @entity6 . Given the growing number of pregnancies complicated by @entity10 , additional assessment of cardiac function of adults born to @entity1 mothers may be warranted.

title: Programming of adult @entity4 following exposure to late-gestation XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: In utero exposure to @entity10 is becoming increasingly prevalent as the number of @entity0 entering pregnancy with @entity9 , or developing gestational @entity1 , increases. Both animal studies and epidemiologic investigations have found @entity4 in adult offspring of @entity8 mothers (OHM). OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that adult OHM would have abnormal cardiac function in vivo and increased susceptibility to @entity3 . METHODS: Pregnant @entity2 were made @entity1 on day 12 of gestation. Serum @entity7 was monitored twice daily and insulin provided to maintain serum @entity7 at 200-400 mg/dl. Offspring were fostered to normal mothers after birth. Adult OHM were studied at 8-10 months of age with echocardiography to assess in vivo cardiac function and isolated hearts to determine the response to @entity3 . RESULTS: Echocardiography found significant @entity5 in male OHM compared to male controls. In isolated hearts, baseline cardiac function and left ventricular compliance was significantly diminished in male OHM compared to controls. @entity3 caused a significant decline in heart function in controls and female OHM, while function in male OHM remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Adult male OHM demonstrate programmed @entity6 . Given the growing number of pregnancies complicated by @entity10 , additional assessment of cardiac function of adults born to @entity1 mothers may be warranted.

title: Programming of adult XXXX following exposure to late-gestation @entity10 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Semen of @entity0 between 31 and 52 weeks of age was analyzed to investigate the cause of reduction in @entity0 fertility at the end of the reproductive period. Sperm motility and viability, lipid concentration, @entity1 composition and lipid @entity5 were evaluated on fresh spermatozoa or spermatozoa stored for 48h at 4 degrees C. Fertility of fresh semen was also evaluated. Fertility obtained with fresh semen decreased at 44-47 weeks of age. Ageing was also accompanied by a decrease in sperm viability (at 47 weeks) and later by a decrease in motility of spermatozoa (at 52 weeks). @entity3 ( @entity6 ) were the first lipids of fresh spermatozoa affected by age, especially n-3 and n-9 @entity6 . Changes in these @entity6 were followed by a 30% increase in lipid peroxidation at 47 and 52 weeks of age and a reduction in phospholipid content at 52 weeks. In vitro storage did not cause lipid peroxidation in sperm obtained during the first half of the reproductive period but @entity2 ( @entity4 ) levels significantly increased in sperm obtained during the second half of this period. In vitro storage also decreased phospholipid content of spermatozoa from 41 weeks of age, and viability and motility regardless of age. In conclusion, lipid alteration mainly originating from @entity6 peroxidation could partly explain the decrease in semen quality and fertility observed with ageing. In addition, lipid peroxidation was increased during in vitro storage of spermatozoa from older @entity0 .

title: Reproductive period affects lipid composition and quality of fresh and stored spermatozoa in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accurate pathology reporting is important for treatment of @entity0 . The @entity4 ( @entity4 ) distributed guidelines for reporting @entity3 specimens in 1998. The aim of this study was to determine community-wide concordance with @entity4 @entity0 reporting guidelines. STUDY DESIGN: Pathology reporting of stage I and II @entity0 was examined for adherence to @entity4 guidelines. Pathology reports were reviewed from 100 consecutive cases of invasive @entity0 referred to Roswell Park Cancer Institute in 1998 to 1999 from community hospitals after excisional breast biopsy and 20 consecutive cases with excisional biopsy at RPCI. Adherence to @entity4 guidelines for clinically relevant items was determined from the original pathology report in each case. RESULTS: One hundred one cases met the inclusion criteria. Most reports did not include at least one of the guideline required elements. Surgical margins were inked in only 77%, and the margins oriented in only 25% of @entity1 . Many specimens were not oriented by the surgeon. Grade was reported in most cases, but the Bloom Scarf Richardson grade was reported in only 6%. The presence or absence of @entity2 , and of coexisting in situ disease, was reported in 57% and 71%, respectively. The extent and type of in situ disease was reported in 47% and 49%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 pathology reporting varies widely. Key elements that affect treatment are often omitted. These include gross description and size, orientation and involvement of surgical margins, and description of histologic features, including Bloom Scarf Richardson reporting of grade and the extent of an in situ component. Passive distribution of @entity4 practice guidelines might be insufficient to accomplish community-wide quality improvement in breast pathology reporting.

title: Concordance with XXXX pathology reporting practice guidelines.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although @entity7 in Japanese is usually chronic, and of unknown etiology and idiopathic, @entity6 is rare as an underlying disorder of @entity7 in Japanese. To clarify the Behcet-induced @entity7 , the clinical course and pathologic findings of @entity0 with Behcet-induced @entity7 were compared with those of @entity0 with idiopathic @entity7 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We treated 45 @entity0 (15 @entity0 and 30 @entity0 ) with our devised surgical procedure. With normothermic partial bypass, the occluded vena cava and hepatic veins were reopened. The age of the @entity0 ranged from 24 to 76 years (mean, 48.9 13.0 years). In two @entity0 , @entity7 was induced by @entity6 (Behcet group). The other 43 @entity0 (control group) had no distinct underlying disorder. The Behcet group was compared to the control group with regards to (1) onset of symptoms and duration of illness prior to medical treatment, (2) preoperative laboratory data including liver function, (3) intraoperative findings, (4) microscopic findings of liver tissue, and (5) postoperative course. RESULTS: (1) In the Behcet group, duration of illness from diagnosis to surgical treatment was markedly shorter (P=0.027, 8.5 months vs. 10.1 10.6 years). (2) The preoperative laboratory data of liver function were similar in both groups with moderately @entity2 . (3) The Behcet group had no patent hepatic vein (P=0.025 vs. 1.22 0.57). (4) Microscopic examination of the liver tissue showed @entity4 or @entity4 in the control group, and centrilobular marked congestion only in the Behcet group. (5) During hospitalization, one @entity0 of the control group died due to preoperative severe @entity5 . One @entity0 with @entity6 underwent reoperation due to reocclusion by Behcet-induced @entity3 , and the other died of @entity1 by intestinal @entity6 . CONCLUSION: In @entity7 in Japanese, the Behcet-induced @entity7 had an acute clinical course, and its postoperative prognosis depends on the prognosis of the @entity6 .

title: Surgical treatment of @entity7 induced by XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although @entity7 in Japanese is usually chronic, and of unknown etiology and idiopathic, @entity6 is rare as an underlying disorder of @entity7 in Japanese. To clarify the Behcet-induced @entity7 , the clinical course and pathologic findings of @entity0 with Behcet-induced @entity7 were compared with those of @entity0 with idiopathic @entity7 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We treated 45 @entity0 (15 @entity0 and 30 @entity0 ) with our devised surgical procedure. With normothermic partial bypass, the occluded vena cava and hepatic veins were reopened. The age of the @entity0 ranged from 24 to 76 years (mean, 48.9 13.0 years). In two @entity0 , @entity7 was induced by @entity6 (Behcet group). The other 43 @entity0 (control group) had no distinct underlying disorder. The Behcet group was compared to the control group with regards to (1) onset of symptoms and duration of illness prior to medical treatment, (2) preoperative laboratory data including liver function, (3) intraoperative findings, (4) microscopic findings of liver tissue, and (5) postoperative course. RESULTS: (1) In the Behcet group, duration of illness from diagnosis to surgical treatment was markedly shorter (P=0.027, 8.5 months vs. 10.1 10.6 years). (2) The preoperative laboratory data of liver function were similar in both groups with moderately @entity2 . (3) The Behcet group had no patent hepatic vein (P=0.025 vs. 1.22 0.57). (4) Microscopic examination of the liver tissue showed @entity4 or @entity4 in the control group, and centrilobular marked congestion only in the Behcet group. (5) During hospitalization, one @entity0 of the control group died due to preoperative severe @entity5 . One @entity0 with @entity6 underwent reoperation due to reocclusion by Behcet-induced @entity3 , and the other died of @entity1 by intestinal @entity6 . CONCLUSION: In @entity7 in Japanese, the Behcet-induced @entity7 had an acute clinical course, and its postoperative prognosis depends on the prognosis of the @entity6 .

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX induced by @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: Laparoscopic hernia repair has emerged as an effective alternative method for treating @entity1 . It has several significant advantages over the tension-free open repair now in use. In this report we summarize our laparoscopic hernia repair results and recommendations. METHODS: The transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) procedures for groin @entity2 performed between January 2003 and January 2008 at a single center were analyzed retrospectively. Individual surgeon performances were compared to determine whether the rates of complications were related to the level of surgeon experience. RESULTS: A total of 312 TAPP procedures were reviewed, and 284 (91%) of the @entity0 were followed retrospectively. There were 266 (85.25%) males and 46 (14.75%) females. The average age was 57.4 years. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.1 days. The mean duration of surgery was 35 min. Six (1.92%) intraoperative and seven (2.24%) postoperative complications were noted. Two recurrences occurred (0.70%). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic TAPP hernia repair has proven to be an efficient method for the treatment of groin @entity2 at our institution. Most @entity0 can be treated as day-cases, namely they are hospitalized for 1 day, and they demonstrate a low recurrence rate (0.70%). Such low morbidity makes TAPP an attractive method for the routine treatment of groin @entity2 .

title: Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal approach for XXXX repair: a five-year experience at a single center.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity7 is a neurodegenerative @entity4 . It is characterized by abnormal function of peroxisomes, which leads to an accumulation of very long-chain @entity5 in plasma and tissues, especially in the cortex of @entity2 , causing @entity1 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). It is caused by a mutation in the @entity8 gene ( @entity3 -binding cassette, subfamily D, member 1), which encodes the protein @entity7 that is involved in the transport of @entity5 into the peroxisome for degradation. Variable expression has been recognized in families of @entity0 who have this disease. A Brazilian family from Minas Gerais State, Brazil, was studied. The proband is an adult living in Minas Gerais State, Brazil; he had @entity7 , @entity6 and a stable cerebral form. DNA was extracted from a blood sample and was sequenced to identify the mutation. The @entity0 's exons were cloned for confirmation. A new mutation was found in exon 5 of the @entity8 gene ( @entity9 ), as well as a single-nucleotide polymorphism in exon 6. The mutation causes a frame shift, resulting in a truncated protein with almost total absence of the @entity3 binding domain.

title: Novel exon nucleotide deletion causes XXXX in a Brazilian family.

answer: @entity7


abstract: To study the protective effects of the antioxidant @entity1 dismutase (SOD) against platelet-activating factor ( @entity4 )-induced endothelial permeability. Endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated from @entity0 umbilical veins from normal pregnancies. The first passage (P1) ECs were grown in polycarbonate transwell filters. Confluent ECs were incubated with @entity4 at concentrations of 2, 5, and 10 microgram/mL for 2 hours or pretreated with @entity1 dismutase. Endothelial monolayer permeability was then measured by EC electrical resistance or by the leakage of horseradish @entity2 (HRP) passing through filters. Endothelial junctional protein distribution and expression of @entity3 and @entity5 were determined by fluorescent staining of endothelial monolayer and by Western blot analysis. mRNA expressions for @entity3 and @entity5 were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Data are expressed as Omega. cm(2) for electrical resistance and DeltaOD 470 nm for HRP assay and presented as mean +/- standard error of the mean. Analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. A P value less than.05 was considered statistically significant. Endothelial cell electrical resistance was decreased and HRP leakage was increased in ECs treated with @entity4 . Intercellular gaps were formed at cell contact regions in ECs treated with @entity4 , as evaluated by staining of junctional protein @entity3 and @entity5 . The functional changes of the EC barrier and the formation of intercellular gaps induced by @entity4 were concentration dependent, which could be partially attenuated by pretreatment of ECs with SOD. Total cellular junctional protein expression and mRNA expression of @entity3 and @entity5 were not affected by @entity4 . Increased EC monolayer permeability induced by platelet-activating factor is associated with disorganization of EC junctional protein distribution of @entity3 and @entity5 . @entity1 dismutase partially attenuated the @entity4 -induced increased endothelial monolayer permeability, which suggests that oxidative stress might be involved in the process of @entity4 -induced disturbances of endothelial barrier function.

title: Antioxidant XXXX dismutase attenuates increased endothelial permeability induced by platelet-activating factor.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate survivals from cervical @entity0 , with special reference to effects of glandular histology and its influence on prognostic characteristics and management decisions. METHODS: Data on cervical @entity0 , diagnosed in 1984-2000, were obtained from the gynecologic oncology registry of hospitals of the University of Adelaide. Comparisons were made of disease-specific survival, age at diagnosis, diagnostic period, stage, grade, and primary course of treatment. RESULTS: The study included 544 @entity2 , 43 @entity4 , @entity0 , 136 other @entity1 , and 19 @entity0 of "other" histological type. Overall survival was 72.2% at 5 years from diagnosis, decreasing to 67.5% at 15 years. Survival was lower for older ages, higher grades, and higher International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stages, although equivalent for stages IIA and IIB. Unadjusted survivals varied by histological type (P =.001), with lower survivals suggested for adenosquamous and clear cell lesions and "other" histological types than for @entity2 and other @entity1 . After adjusting for age, stage, grade, and diagnostic period, @entity1 had a higher case fatality than squamous cell lesions (relative risk 2.08, 95% confidence limit 1.35, 3.21), whereas the elevation in relative risk was lower and not statistically significant for a combined adenosquamous and clear cell category at 1.25 (0.69, 2.24). For stage II, both @entity1 and the adenosquamous and clear cell group had lower survivals than @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Relative to @entity2 , @entity1 and potentially @entity0 are becoming more common. This has implications for screening, treatment, and prognosis.

title: XXXX : effect of glandular cell type on prognosis, treatment, and survival.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: (i) To compare the ratio of right ventricular systolic to diastolic duration ( @entity1 / @entity3 ) in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and normal controls and (ii) to examine its association, if any, with outcomes in @entity4 . METHODS:     Retrospective chart and echocardiographic review of consecutive neonates (<1 month old) with @entity4 and term controls without structural @entity2 . Right ventricular @entity1 / @entity3 was calculated by a single reader. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity4 (n = 29) were comparable to controls (n = 27) in their mean ( @entity1 ) age [2.2 (3.3) vs. 2 (4.0) days], birthweight [3 (0.67) vs. 3 (0.69) kg] and proportion of males (48.2% vs. 72.4%). The @entity3 and @entity1 / @entity3 were significantly abnormal in the @entity4 group, compared to controls. Among @entity0 with @entity4 , those who died (n = 15) and those who died or required ECMO (n = 17) had significantly shorter @entity3 and higher @entity1 / @entity3 ratio. At a cut-off of 1.3, @entity1 / @entity3 ratio had a sensitivity of 92.8 (95% CI 64-99%) and specificity of 61.5 (32-85%) for prediction of mortality. Significant independent associations with mortality were observed with antenatal diagnosis (p = 0.003) and higher @entity1 / @entity3 ratio (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The right ventricular @entity1 / @entity3 ratio is a sensitive objective prognostic marker in @entity0 with @entity4 . Further studies incorporating @entity1 / @entity3 ratio as a guide to intervention are warranted.

title: The right ventricular systolic to diastolic duration ratio: a simple prognostic marker in XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of @entity6 (UA) on the invasion and @entity0 of @entity1 cell HO-8910PM and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: @entity2 assay was performed to examine the effects of UA on the proliferation of @entity1 cells HO-8910PM in vitro. The effects of UA on the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM were evaluated using Transwell chambers attached with @entity5 filters and reconstituted basement membrane. Gelatin zymography was performed to detect the activity of gelatinase in the HO-8910PM cells. The expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 in the HO-8910PM cells were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: UA inhibited the proliferation of HO-8910PM cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. There was a statistically significant difference in the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM cells between the UA treated cells and the controls (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). UA inhibited the activity of gelatinase of the treated cells. CONCLUSION: UA downregulated the expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 . UA inhibits the invasion and @entity0 of HO-8910PM cells, probably through inhibiting the activity of gelatinase and the expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 .

title: [Inhibitive effect of @entity6 on the invasion and XXXX of @entity1 cells HO-8910PM].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of @entity6 (UA) on the invasion and @entity0 of @entity1 cell HO-8910PM and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: @entity2 assay was performed to examine the effects of UA on the proliferation of @entity1 cells HO-8910PM in vitro. The effects of UA on the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM were evaluated using Transwell chambers attached with @entity5 filters and reconstituted basement membrane. Gelatin zymography was performed to detect the activity of gelatinase in the HO-8910PM cells. The expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 in the HO-8910PM cells were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: UA inhibited the proliferation of HO-8910PM cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. There was a statistically significant difference in the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM cells between the UA treated cells and the controls (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). UA inhibited the activity of gelatinase of the treated cells. CONCLUSION: UA downregulated the expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 . UA inhibits the invasion and @entity0 of HO-8910PM cells, probably through inhibiting the activity of gelatinase and the expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 .

title: [Inhibitive effect of @entity6 on the invasion and @entity0 of XXXX cells HO-8910PM].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of @entity6 (UA) on the invasion and @entity0 of @entity1 cell HO-8910PM and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: @entity2 assay was performed to examine the effects of UA on the proliferation of @entity1 cells HO-8910PM in vitro. The effects of UA on the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM were evaluated using Transwell chambers attached with @entity5 filters and reconstituted basement membrane. Gelatin zymography was performed to detect the activity of gelatinase in the HO-8910PM cells. The expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 in the HO-8910PM cells were measured by Western blot. RESULTS: UA inhibited the proliferation of HO-8910PM cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. There was a statistically significant difference in the invasion and migration of HO-8910PM cells between the UA treated cells and the controls (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). UA inhibited the activity of gelatinase of the treated cells. CONCLUSION: UA downregulated the expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 . UA inhibits the invasion and @entity0 of HO-8910PM cells, probably through inhibiting the activity of gelatinase and the expressions of @entity3 and @entity4 .

title: [Inhibitive effect of XXXX on the invasion and @entity0 of @entity1 cells HO-8910PM].

answer: @entity6


abstract: We determined the in vitro susceptibilities of 314 strains of Candida spp., representing 13 species rarely isolated from blood, to @entity6 and @entity4 as well as four licensed systemic antifungal agents ( @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity0 ). The organisms included 153 isolates of C. krusei, 67 isolates of @entity10 , 48 isolates of @entity8 , 10 isolates of C. famata, 10 isolates of C. kefyr, 6 isolates of C. pelliculosa, 5 isolates of @entity11 , 4 isolates of @entity7 , 3 isolates of @entity9 , 3 isolates of C. inconspicua, 2 isolates of C. sake, and 1 isolate each of C. lambica, C. norvegensis, and C. zeylanoides. MIC determinations were made by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards reference broth microdilution method and Etest ( @entity1 ). Resistance to both @entity1 and @entity2 was observed in strains of C. krusei, @entity10 , @entity8 , C. inconspicua, and C. sake. Resistance to @entity1 , but not to @entity2 , was also observed among isolates of C. kefyr and @entity11 . @entity6 and @entity4 were active (MIC, < or = 1 micro g/ml) against 94 to 100% of these isolates. In contrast to the more common species of Candida causing bloodstream infection, these rare species appear to be less susceptible to the currently licensed systemic antifungal agents, with the exception of @entity4 . Continued surveillance will be necessary to detect the emergence of these species as more prevalent, resistant pathogens. The new @entity5 appear to offer acceptable coverage of uncommon Candida sp. bloodstream infections.

title: In vitro activities of @entity4 , XXXX , and four licensed systemic antifungal agents against Candida species infrequently isolated from blood.

answer: @entity6