abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of complex @entity7 aortic pathology increasingly requires coverage of one or more aortic arch vessels. Endovascular debranching with a chimney technique can reduce or eliminate the need for surgical bypass. In this study, we evaluate our initial experience with planned endovascular debranching of the aortic arch. METHODS: During a 13-month period, nine @entity0 were treated with endovascular debranching during @entity7 endograft placement. Balloon expandable (n = 7) or self-expanding stents (n = 2) were deployed (innominate, n = 2; left common carotid, n = 2; left subclavian, n = 5) along with either TAG (W. L. Gore, Flagstaff, Ariz; n = 8) or Talent (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minn; n = 1) endografts. Four @entity0 required six surgical bypasses to additional arch vessels (right to left common carotid artery, n = 2; left common carotid to subclavian artery, n = 4). RESULTS: Indications for @entity7 endograft placement were aortic transection (n = 4), aortic @entity4 (n = 2), aortotracheal @entity3 (n = 1), contained aortic @entity8 (n = 1), and @entity6 (n = 1). Endografts were deployed into zones 0 (n = 2), 1 (n = 2), and 2 (n = 5). Technical success of endovascular debranching was attained in eight of nine @entity0 , with maintenance of branch perfusion and absence of endoleak. Perioperative morbidity included one @entity5 and one @entity1 that resulted in the @entity0 's @entity2 . During subsequent follow-up (range, 2-25 months), there were no instances of endoleak secondary to chimney stents. All debranched vessels maintained primary patency. CONCLUSION: Endovascular debranching permits planned extension of the @entity7 endograft over arch vessels while further minimizing the need for open reconstruction. Short-term results indicate technical feasibility of this approach. Long-term outcomes remain undefined.

title: Endovascular debranching of the aortic arch during XXXX endograft repair.

answer: @entity7


abstract: We aimed to quantify the benefits of detecting @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and of downwards stage-shifting within invasive @entity1 in mammographic screening. Using data from the Swedish Two-County Trial of @entity0 screening, we examined the 20-year death rates from invasive @entity1 of stage II or worse, invasive @entity1 of stage I and @entity4 . We then used these rates and their respective incidences in invited (active study population, ASP) and control (passive study population, @entity5 ) arms of the trial, to estimate the numbers of @entity3 avoided by downward stage-shifting the larger stage II or worse @entity1 to stage I and the stage I cancers to @entity4 . We also studied the association between the mortality reduction achieved and the proportion of @entity4 cases detected in the randomised trials of @entity0 screening. In the Swedish Two County Trial, 141 @entity0 @entity3 were avoided in the ASP compared with the @entity5 at approximately 20 years of follow-up. Of these, 65% (91/141) were avoided as a result of stage-shifting from invasive stage II or worse to invasive stage I, and 5% (7/141) as a result of stage-shifting from invasive stage I to @entity4 . If we assumed that 10% of stage II or worse @entity1 avoided were shifted not to stage I, but to @entity4 , the estimated number of @entity3 prevented by shifting from invasive disease to in situ was 17, which is 12% of all @entity3 prevented. When the results of all the randomised trials of @entity0 screening were reviewed, there was no clear association between the percentage of @entity4 cases diagnosed and the observed mortality reduction. We conclude that compared with downward stage-shifting of invasive @entity1 , detection of @entity4 plays a small part in saving lives from @entity0 . Treatment decisions in @entity4 , as in @entity2 , should take full account of histopathological, clinical and radiological attributes of the @entity1 .

title: The relative contributions of screen-detected in situ and invasive XXXX in reducing mortality from the disease.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Despite various interventions, the mortality rate after @entity2 remains extremely high. Although it has been shown that administration of regenerating liver cytosol (RLC) after @entity3 improves the survival rate of animals, the sequence in which various hepatic functions are altered after @entity2 and their improvement by RLC remain unknown. To study this, fulminant @entity3 in @entity0 was produced by intraperitoneal injection of 1.5 gm/kg @entity4 (GAL). Twenty-four hours after 68% hepatectomy in normal @entity0 , RLC was prepared and 4 ml of this solution (40 to 50 mg protein) was injected intraperitoneally in other animals at 6 or 24 hours after GAL administration. The long-term survival rate was 19.4% in the GAL-vehicle (control) group, 26.7% in the GAL-treated @entity0 given liver cytosol from normal @entity0 , and 72.2% (p less than 0.01 compared with both groups) in @entity0 given RLC even 24 hours after GAL administration. Reticuloendothelial function was depressed at 24 and 48 hours after GAL administration; however, treatment with RLC but not vehicle or normal liver cytosol at 6 or even 24 hours after GAL administration significantly improved reticuloendothelial function 24 hours after GAL administration. DNA synthesis (an indicator of cell proliferation) did not increase in any group 24 hours after GAL administration; however, it increased strikingly at 48 hours in the GAL-RLC groups. Serum @entity1 levels were also lower in the RLC group 48 hours after GAL administration. Thus RLC administration improved survival, reticuloendothelial function, DNA synthesis, and hepatocyte function after GAL-induced @entity2 . Improvement of reticuloendothelial function by RLC occurred before stimulation of DNA synthesis and appears to play an important role in improving survival after @entity3 .

title: Effects of regenerating liver cytosol on drug-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of mammographic screening programmes on stage-specific incidence of @entity0 . The study compared prescreening and screening periods in seven areas in Italy, primarily evaluating the first screening round. All 17617 @entity0 (16554 invasive, 1063 in situ) registered in @entity1 aged 40-79 years between 1988 and 1999 were analysed through age-standardised rates and Poisson regression models. For all areas, independent of the baseline rates, the introduction of screening increased incidence for invasive @entity2 overall and, more markedly, for @entity2 (screening/prescreening ratio: range 1.07-1.47 and 1.23-1.82, respectively), modifying the pattern of age-specific rates. The multiple regression analysis showed that the percentage of cases diagnosed at screening explained most of the increase; a residual effect of diagnosis period (screening versus prescreening) suggested a role for 'spontaneous' early detection in ages outside of the screening programme. Advanced cases did not show consistent variations across the registries for those aged 40-79 years (range: 0.91-1.21), whereas a more coherent picture was observed for those aged 50-69 years. In one area, a moderate reduction in the number of 'advanced' cases in the second screening period was observed. For all stages, the age-specific incidence rates of cases diagnosed outside of the screening programme for the age groups 50-69 years were lower than the corresponding rates in the prescreening period, suggesting a shift from the usual clinical services to the screening programme. Our results confirmed the increase in early-stage @entity2 occurring at the start of screening, and substantially explained the rise in @entity0 incidence. In addition, our study confirms the importance of @entity2 registries in monitoring the effect of @entity0 screening and the validity, for this purpose, of the linkage between @entity2 registries and screening programme databases.

title: The impact of organised screening programmes on the stage-specific incidence of XXXX in some Italian areas.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: (1) To assess the distribution of parental age and birth weight in a large cohort with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and to compare them to Israeli national data. (2) To examine possible relationships between these risk factors and functioning. METHODS: The study included 529 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 using standardized tests: the @entity2 Diagnosis Interview-Revised and the @entity2 Diagnosis Observation Schedule (ADOS). Medical, developmental and familial histories (gender, age, pregnancy and birth information, parental ages) were obtained. @entity2 severity was assessed using the new ADOS severity scale and adaptive skill using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. RESULTS: Advanced parental age was associated with @entity1 . In the older age range the percentages of mothers (35-44 y) and fathers (30-40 y) were significantly higher in the @entity1 cohort in comparison to the Israeli newborn data. The @entity1 cohort had significantly higher percentages of low birth weight (<2500 g) and very low birth weight (VLBW<1500 g) in comparison to the Israeli newborn data. Of these risk factors, only VLBW was associated with lower adaptive functioning. The group with VLBW had lower scores in daily living, socialization and motor skills in comparison to the >1500 g group. @entity2 severity was not associated with advanced parental age or VLBW. CONCLUSIONS: The shift in parental age distribution and birth weight in our @entity1 cohort suggests that the increase in @entity1 prevalence in recent years might be associated with novel prenatal insults. An adverse fetal course resulting in VLBW may represent a "second hit" phenomenon, causing a poorer outcome.

title: Advanced parental ages and low birth weight in XXXX spectrum disorders--rates and effect on functioning.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In order to elucidate the blood serum @entity3 , inorganic @entity7 , parathyroid hormone ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 (CT) content in the course of the development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 80 @entity0 with chronile @entity5 were examined. Of these, in 24 glomerular filtration (GF) was normal, whereas 56 had @entity2 of varying degree. Thirty-three out of the 80 @entity0 had the @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The parameters enumerated were also determined in 45 @entity0 with @entity2 treated by hemodialysis. In @entity0 without the @entity6 , @entity8 was discovered only at the final predialysis stage of @entity2 , while in the presence of the @entity6 , it was detectable in normal GF and was aggravated as @entity2 progressed. The @entity4 level ascended if GF was lower than 40 ml/min, not correlating with @entity3 concentration in the serum. A direct correlation was disclosed between the @entity4 level and that of inorganic @entity7 . The role of the latter in stimulation of @entity4 and CT secretion in @entity2 is discussed. In @entity0 treated by hemodialysis, the @entity4 level significantly rose with treatment time increase. There was also a tendency toward elevation of CT concentration. The activity of the osseous fraction of blood serum alkaline phosphatase in @entity0 treated by hemodialysis was increased in 61-84% of cases depending on the treatment period.

title: [ XXXX and @entity3 metabolism and its hormonal regulation in chronic kidney failure].

answer: @entity7


abstract: In order to elucidate the blood serum @entity3 , inorganic @entity7 , parathyroid hormone ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 (CT) content in the course of the development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 80 @entity0 with chronile @entity5 were examined. Of these, in 24 glomerular filtration (GF) was normal, whereas 56 had @entity2 of varying degree. Thirty-three out of the 80 @entity0 had the @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The parameters enumerated were also determined in 45 @entity0 with @entity2 treated by hemodialysis. In @entity0 without the @entity6 , @entity8 was discovered only at the final predialysis stage of @entity2 , while in the presence of the @entity6 , it was detectable in normal GF and was aggravated as @entity2 progressed. The @entity4 level ascended if GF was lower than 40 ml/min, not correlating with @entity3 concentration in the serum. A direct correlation was disclosed between the @entity4 level and that of inorganic @entity7 . The role of the latter in stimulation of @entity4 and CT secretion in @entity2 is discussed. In @entity0 treated by hemodialysis, the @entity4 level significantly rose with treatment time increase. There was also a tendency toward elevation of CT concentration. The activity of the osseous fraction of blood serum alkaline phosphatase in @entity0 treated by hemodialysis was increased in 61-84% of cases depending on the treatment period.

title: [ @entity7 and XXXX metabolism and its hormonal regulation in chronic kidney failure].

answer: @entity3


abstract: A spontaneous @entity6 , similar to type B in @entity0 , was found in a partially inbred ICR @entity1 . The supernumerary digit could be detected grossly as early as day 14 of gestation. The incidence of @entity4 decreased with increasing gestational age. @entity3 (RA) administered on day 10 or 11 of gestation, but not on day 9, increased the incidence of @entity4 at each gestational day examined. The day 18 levels of @entity4 were greatest after day 10 treatment. No clear dose-response relationship was observed in term fetuses following treatment on day 9, 10, or 11. RA administered on day 10 produced extra digits which were morphologically more advanced than those in the untreated controls. RA, given to the inbred C57B1/10 strain, produced low levels of @entity4 if administered on day 9, but not on day 10 or 11. F1 embryos, from reciprocal crosses between the two strains, were intermediate in response to RA. On day 14, cell death in the postaxial marginal mesoderm was apparent in all protopolydactylous embryos examined, whether treated or untreated. The @entity5 varied in size on day 14. The smaller digits appeared to be filled with @entity2 mesodermal cells, whereas the larger digits had a @entity2 -free area. The size of the extra digit on day 14 seemed to be the most important factor in the persistence of the digit until day 18.

title: Spontaneous and @entity3 -induced XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: A spontaneous @entity6 , similar to type B in @entity0 , was found in a partially inbred ICR @entity1 . The supernumerary digit could be detected grossly as early as day 14 of gestation. The incidence of @entity4 decreased with increasing gestational age. @entity3 (RA) administered on day 10 or 11 of gestation, but not on day 9, increased the incidence of @entity4 at each gestational day examined. The day 18 levels of @entity4 were greatest after day 10 treatment. No clear dose-response relationship was observed in term fetuses following treatment on day 9, 10, or 11. RA administered on day 10 produced extra digits which were morphologically more advanced than those in the untreated controls. RA, given to the inbred C57B1/10 strain, produced low levels of @entity4 if administered on day 9, but not on day 10 or 11. F1 embryos, from reciprocal crosses between the two strains, were intermediate in response to RA. On day 14, cell death in the postaxial marginal mesoderm was apparent in all protopolydactylous embryos examined, whether treated or untreated. The @entity5 varied in size on day 14. The smaller digits appeared to be filled with @entity2 mesodermal cells, whereas the larger digits had a @entity2 -free area. The size of the extra digit on day 14 seemed to be the most important factor in the persistence of the digit until day 18.

title: Spontaneous and XXXX -induced @entity6 in @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A spontaneous @entity6 , similar to type B in @entity0 , was found in a partially inbred ICR @entity1 . The supernumerary digit could be detected grossly as early as day 14 of gestation. The incidence of @entity4 decreased with increasing gestational age. @entity3 (RA) administered on day 10 or 11 of gestation, but not on day 9, increased the incidence of @entity4 at each gestational day examined. The day 18 levels of @entity4 were greatest after day 10 treatment. No clear dose-response relationship was observed in term fetuses following treatment on day 9, 10, or 11. RA administered on day 10 produced extra digits which were morphologically more advanced than those in the untreated controls. RA, given to the inbred C57B1/10 strain, produced low levels of @entity4 if administered on day 9, but not on day 10 or 11. F1 embryos, from reciprocal crosses between the two strains, were intermediate in response to RA. On day 14, cell death in the postaxial marginal mesoderm was apparent in all protopolydactylous embryos examined, whether treated or untreated. The @entity5 varied in size on day 14. The smaller digits appeared to be filled with @entity2 mesodermal cells, whereas the larger digits had a @entity2 -free area. The size of the extra digit on day 14 seemed to be the most important factor in the persistence of the digit until day 18.

title: Spontaneous and @entity3 -induced @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Treatment with @entity0 somatotropin (bST) during estrous synchronization increased fertility and prolificacy in @entity1 . In the present study, a single dose of bST 5 days before the end of @entity4 treatment improved cleavage and embryo development. Stage of estrous cycle was synchronized in ewes (n=32) with @entity4 and superovulation was induced by use of FSH. Five days before the end of @entity4 treatment, ewes were randomly assigned to two groups: bST group (n=16) received a depot injection of 125 mg of bST sc (Lactotropina, Elanco, M  xico) and the control group (n=16) received saline solution. Estrous was detected with rams fitted with an apron every 2 h and estrous @entity1 were mated every 8 h whilst in estrous. Embryos were recovered on Day 7 post mating, assessed microscopically and fixed in 4% @entity3 . Cell number in blastocysts was counted after @entity5 staining. Plasma concentrations of @entity6 , insulin and @entity2 were determined in eight @entity1 per group from the day of bST treatment to the day of embryo recovery. Cleavage rate, percentage of transferable embryos (transferable embryos/cleaved) and percentage of embryos reaching the blastocyst stage (blastocyst/cleaved) were compared between groups by logistic regression. @entity6 , insulin and @entity2 plasma concentrations were analyzed by ANOVA for repeated measurements and cell number by ANOVA. Cleavage rate was greater (P<0.01) in bST treatment group (86%) than in the control group (62%). Similarly, the proportion of embryos reaching the blastocyst stage (bST=68.7 vs control=42.5) and the number of cells per blastocyst (bST group 91.8  5.5 compared to control group 75  6) were greater (P<0.01) in the bST-treated @entity1 . Plasma concentrations of @entity6 and insulin were greater (P<0.01) in the bST-treated group. No changes were observed in @entity2 concentrations (P=0.5). It is concluded that bST injection 5 days before @entity4 removal increases cleavage rate and the proportion of embryos that reach the blastocyst stage. These effects are associated with an increase in @entity6 and insulin concentrations.

title: Increased cleavage and blastocyst rate in ewes treated with @entity0 somatotropin 5 days before the end of XXXX -based estrous synchronization.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Treatment with @entity0 somatotropin (bST) during estrous synchronization increased fertility and prolificacy in @entity1 . In the present study, a single dose of bST 5 days before the end of @entity4 treatment improved cleavage and embryo development. Stage of estrous cycle was synchronized in ewes (n=32) with @entity4 and superovulation was induced by use of FSH. Five days before the end of @entity4 treatment, ewes were randomly assigned to two groups: bST group (n=16) received a depot injection of 125 mg of bST sc (Lactotropina, Elanco, M  xico) and the control group (n=16) received saline solution. Estrous was detected with rams fitted with an apron every 2 h and estrous @entity1 were mated every 8 h whilst in estrous. Embryos were recovered on Day 7 post mating, assessed microscopically and fixed in 4% @entity3 . Cell number in blastocysts was counted after @entity5 staining. Plasma concentrations of @entity6 , insulin and @entity2 were determined in eight @entity1 per group from the day of bST treatment to the day of embryo recovery. Cleavage rate, percentage of transferable embryos (transferable embryos/cleaved) and percentage of embryos reaching the blastocyst stage (blastocyst/cleaved) were compared between groups by logistic regression. @entity6 , insulin and @entity2 plasma concentrations were analyzed by ANOVA for repeated measurements and cell number by ANOVA. Cleavage rate was greater (P<0.01) in bST treatment group (86%) than in the control group (62%). Similarly, the proportion of embryos reaching the blastocyst stage (bST=68.7 vs control=42.5) and the number of cells per blastocyst (bST group 91.8  5.5 compared to control group 75  6) were greater (P<0.01) in the bST-treated @entity1 . Plasma concentrations of @entity6 and insulin were greater (P<0.01) in the bST-treated group. No changes were observed in @entity2 concentrations (P=0.5). It is concluded that bST injection 5 days before @entity4 removal increases cleavage rate and the proportion of embryos that reach the blastocyst stage. These effects are associated with an increase in @entity6 and insulin concentrations.

title: Increased cleavage and blastocyst rate in ewes treated with XXXX somatotropin 5 days before the end of @entity4 -based estrous synchronization.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has chemoprotective properties in a variety of experimental @entity1 models. We have previously observed that dietary CLA inhibits colon tumorigenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in @entity2 . In addition, our in vitro studies have shown that CLA inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis in HT-29 cells, the @entity0 @entity5 cell line. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system regulates the growth of HT-29 cells by an autocrine mechanism. The present study examined whether the growth inhibitory effect of CLA is related to changes in the IGF system in HT-29 cells. To determine whether CLA inhibits @entity9 production, HT-29 cells were incubated in serum-free medium in the presence of various concentrations of CLA. CLA decreased protein levels of both mature and pro @entity9 and @entity9 transcripts. Whereas exogenous @entity3 and @entity9 produced an increase in cell number, neither @entity3 nor @entity9 counteracted the negative growth regulatory effect of CLA. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis of total cell lysates revealed that CLA decreased @entity7 ( @entity7 ) transcript and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoprecipitation/Western blot studies revealed that CLA inhibited @entity3 -induced phosphorylation of @entity7 and @entity11 , recruitment of the @entity10 regulatory subunit of @entity12 ( @entity12 ) to @entity7 , @entity7 -associated @entity12 activity, and phosphorylated @entity4 and @entity8 levels. In conclusion, the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis by CLA in HT-29 cells may be mediated in part by its ability to decrease @entity9 synthesis and to downregulate @entity7 signaling and the @entity12 / @entity4 and @entity6 pathways.

title: Conjugated linoleic acid downregulates insulin-like growth factor-I receptor levels in HT-29 @entity0 XXXX cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has chemoprotective properties in a variety of experimental @entity1 models. We have previously observed that dietary CLA inhibits colon tumorigenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in @entity2 . In addition, our in vitro studies have shown that CLA inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis in HT-29 cells, the @entity0 @entity5 cell line. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system regulates the growth of HT-29 cells by an autocrine mechanism. The present study examined whether the growth inhibitory effect of CLA is related to changes in the IGF system in HT-29 cells. To determine whether CLA inhibits @entity9 production, HT-29 cells were incubated in serum-free medium in the presence of various concentrations of CLA. CLA decreased protein levels of both mature and pro @entity9 and @entity9 transcripts. Whereas exogenous @entity3 and @entity9 produced an increase in cell number, neither @entity3 nor @entity9 counteracted the negative growth regulatory effect of CLA. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis of total cell lysates revealed that CLA decreased @entity7 ( @entity7 ) transcript and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoprecipitation/Western blot studies revealed that CLA inhibited @entity3 -induced phosphorylation of @entity7 and @entity11 , recruitment of the @entity10 regulatory subunit of @entity12 ( @entity12 ) to @entity7 , @entity7 -associated @entity12 activity, and phosphorylated @entity4 and @entity8 levels. In conclusion, the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis by CLA in HT-29 cells may be mediated in part by its ability to decrease @entity9 synthesis and to downregulate @entity7 signaling and the @entity12 / @entity4 and @entity6 pathways.

title: Conjugated linoleic acid downregulates insulin-like growth factor-I receptor levels in HT-29 XXXX @entity5 cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: To identify the circumstances associated with falls resulting in @entity5 in the elderly, and risk factors for this kind of fall. METHOD: A 12 month observational study of @entity0 over 65 years, admitted for @entity5 resulting from a fall to the General University Hospital of Albacete. VARIABLES: demographic data, circumstances of fall, type of @entity6 , previous falls, associated diseases, regular drug treatment and mental status, collected from medical records and interviews. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed, which included, comparison of means (t test), comparison of proportions (  (2)), odds ratio and corresponding 95% confidence intervals, and logistic regression models. RESULTS: A total of 312 @entity0 were included with a mean age 81.68 years (range, 65-99), of which 74.3% (232) were @entity0 . Only 35 @entity0 (11,2%) lived in an institution, 212 (68%) had not had a fall during previous six months, and 116 @entity0 (37.2%) had @entity3 . Falls occurred indoors (189 @entity0 , 63.2%), with only 14% (41) during the night. Most of falls were related to extrinsic factors (31.5% tripping, slipping 24.1%; n=257). @entity0 had @entity2 in a 96% (300) of cases, with the most common being @entity4 (177 @entity0 , 59%) and @entity1 (72, 24%). Drugs most frequently taken were anti-platelets (82, 31.9%), antihypertensives, diuretics (78, 30.4%), oral hypoglycaemic agents (41, 16%), anxiolytics (37, 14.4%) and antidepressants (35, 13.6%). The prior independence for walking on the street appears as a protective factor to fall indoors. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, falls resulting in @entity5 occurred commonly in elderly @entity0 without previous falls, while at home, at a time of increased activity, and by extrinsic factors.

title: [Analysis of XXXX falls in the elderly].

answer: @entity5


abstract: Present study aimed to elucidate the immunosuppressive effect of @entity2 on @entity1 in @entity0 . N. fowleri was cultured in CGVS medium (Willert and Le Ray, 1973). White female @entity0 , weighing about 18 g, used for experiments were divided into five groups; untreated control group, @entity2 treated groups (before, during and after @entity1 ), and only @entity2 treated group. In the @entity2 treated group, the hormone was injected intramuscularly 5 doses of 10 mg/kg every other day. According to designated time of treatment, each @entity0 was challenged with 1 x 10(5) N. fowleri intranasally. Changes of body weights, clinical manifestations and number of dead @entity0 were observed. Brain and lung tissues of dead @entity0 were cultured in the non-nutrient agar (Kasprzak and Mazur, 1972), or stained with @entity3 - @entity4 for the examination of histopathological changes. Results of the experiment are summarized as follows: Mortality among the @entity2 treated groups was higher than that in untreated control group, and among the treated groups, the pretreated group showed shorter survival time. Body weights among untreated control @entity0 showed no significant increase, however, treated groups of @entity0 showed the decrease during the administration and recovery of the weights were observed at 2 to 3 days after the completion of treatment. In the treated control groups, the infected @entity0 began to show the pathologic findings 5 days after @entity1 while the untreated @entity0 began to show the findings 8 days after @entity1 . Tissue damages in brain and lung occurred due to virulence of amoeba were more severe among treated @entity0 than that in untreated control group. The above mentioned results suggest that the treatment with @entity2 weaken the resistance of @entity0 against @entity1 , and probably induce more severe primary amoebic @entity5 . Especially severe pathological findings were shown in pre-treated group, compared with untreated group.

title: [Effect of XXXX treatment on the experimental inducement of primary amoebic @entity5 ]

answer: @entity2


abstract: Present study aimed to elucidate the immunosuppressive effect of @entity2 on @entity1 in @entity0 . N. fowleri was cultured in CGVS medium (Willert and Le Ray, 1973). White female @entity0 , weighing about 18 g, used for experiments were divided into five groups; untreated control group, @entity2 treated groups (before, during and after @entity1 ), and only @entity2 treated group. In the @entity2 treated group, the hormone was injected intramuscularly 5 doses of 10 mg/kg every other day. According to designated time of treatment, each @entity0 was challenged with 1 x 10(5) N. fowleri intranasally. Changes of body weights, clinical manifestations and number of dead @entity0 were observed. Brain and lung tissues of dead @entity0 were cultured in the non-nutrient agar (Kasprzak and Mazur, 1972), or stained with @entity3 - @entity4 for the examination of histopathological changes. Results of the experiment are summarized as follows: Mortality among the @entity2 treated groups was higher than that in untreated control group, and among the treated groups, the pretreated group showed shorter survival time. Body weights among untreated control @entity0 showed no significant increase, however, treated groups of @entity0 showed the decrease during the administration and recovery of the weights were observed at 2 to 3 days after the completion of treatment. In the treated control groups, the infected @entity0 began to show the pathologic findings 5 days after @entity1 while the untreated @entity0 began to show the findings 8 days after @entity1 . Tissue damages in brain and lung occurred due to virulence of amoeba were more severe among treated @entity0 than that in untreated control group. The above mentioned results suggest that the treatment with @entity2 weaken the resistance of @entity0 against @entity1 , and probably induce more severe primary amoebic @entity5 . Especially severe pathological findings were shown in pre-treated group, compared with untreated group.

title: [Effect of @entity2 treatment on the experimental inducement of primary amoebic XXXX ]

answer: @entity5


abstract: An unexplained paradox of @entity3 is the apparent failure of the blood within the @entity1 to clot despite the presence of multiple factors that should promote @entity5 . Here we present histochemical evidence that @entity0 and @entity2 @entity3 are extensively infiltrated by abundant mast cells. Because mast cells contain the natural anticoagulant heparin, the present studies were aimed at defining the role of mast cell heparin in preventing the blood from clotting within B16 @entity3 grafts in C57BL/6 J @entity2 . @entity2 bearing B16 @entity3 grafts were treated with non-specific or specific inhibitors of mast cell heparin (protamine or heparinase, respectively). After the drug treatment there was histologic and functional evidence of selective @entity4 of the blood vessels within the protamine and heparinase treated @entity3 grafts. A similar, high degree of @entity4 was also observed in B16 @entity1 grown in transgenic @entity6 knockout @entity2 bearing a targeted disruption in the gene coding for mast cell heparin synthesis. The @entity1 grown in the protamine-treated animals were significantly smaller than the @entity1 from control (untreated @entity2 ). By contrast, the @entity1 treated with heparinase or grown in the @entity6 knockout @entity2 were significantly larger than the @entity1 from control (untreated) @entity2 . We conclude that the intrinsic procoagulant properties of @entity3 are neutralized in vivo by the anticoagulant properties of endogenous heparin produced by mast cells that naturally infiltrate the @entity1 . Our results also suggest that @entity4 and hemostasis within @entity3 may play a complex role in modulating the growth of the @entity1 .

title: Inhibition of XXXX in @entity3 allografts in @entity2 by endogenous mast cell heparin.

answer: @entity4


abstract: An unexplained paradox of @entity3 is the apparent failure of the blood within the @entity1 to clot despite the presence of multiple factors that should promote @entity5 . Here we present histochemical evidence that @entity0 and @entity2 @entity3 are extensively infiltrated by abundant mast cells. Because mast cells contain the natural anticoagulant heparin, the present studies were aimed at defining the role of mast cell heparin in preventing the blood from clotting within B16 @entity3 grafts in C57BL/6 J @entity2 . @entity2 bearing B16 @entity3 grafts were treated with non-specific or specific inhibitors of mast cell heparin (protamine or heparinase, respectively). After the drug treatment there was histologic and functional evidence of selective @entity4 of the blood vessels within the protamine and heparinase treated @entity3 grafts. A similar, high degree of @entity4 was also observed in B16 @entity1 grown in transgenic @entity6 knockout @entity2 bearing a targeted disruption in the gene coding for mast cell heparin synthesis. The @entity1 grown in the protamine-treated animals were significantly smaller than the @entity1 from control (untreated @entity2 ). By contrast, the @entity1 treated with heparinase or grown in the @entity6 knockout @entity2 were significantly larger than the @entity1 from control (untreated) @entity2 . We conclude that the intrinsic procoagulant properties of @entity3 are neutralized in vivo by the anticoagulant properties of endogenous heparin produced by mast cells that naturally infiltrate the @entity1 . Our results also suggest that @entity4 and hemostasis within @entity3 may play a complex role in modulating the growth of the @entity1 .

title: Inhibition of @entity4 in XXXX allografts in @entity2 by endogenous mast cell heparin.

answer: @entity3


abstract: An unexplained paradox of @entity3 is the apparent failure of the blood within the @entity1 to clot despite the presence of multiple factors that should promote @entity5 . Here we present histochemical evidence that @entity0 and @entity2 @entity3 are extensively infiltrated by abundant mast cells. Because mast cells contain the natural anticoagulant heparin, the present studies were aimed at defining the role of mast cell heparin in preventing the blood from clotting within B16 @entity3 grafts in C57BL/6 J @entity2 . @entity2 bearing B16 @entity3 grafts were treated with non-specific or specific inhibitors of mast cell heparin (protamine or heparinase, respectively). After the drug treatment there was histologic and functional evidence of selective @entity4 of the blood vessels within the protamine and heparinase treated @entity3 grafts. A similar, high degree of @entity4 was also observed in B16 @entity1 grown in transgenic @entity6 knockout @entity2 bearing a targeted disruption in the gene coding for mast cell heparin synthesis. The @entity1 grown in the protamine-treated animals were significantly smaller than the @entity1 from control (untreated @entity2 ). By contrast, the @entity1 treated with heparinase or grown in the @entity6 knockout @entity2 were significantly larger than the @entity1 from control (untreated) @entity2 . We conclude that the intrinsic procoagulant properties of @entity3 are neutralized in vivo by the anticoagulant properties of endogenous heparin produced by mast cells that naturally infiltrate the @entity1 . Our results also suggest that @entity4 and hemostasis within @entity3 may play a complex role in modulating the growth of the @entity1 .

title: Inhibition of @entity4 in @entity3 allografts in XXXX by endogenous mast cell heparin.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Changes in the expression of ion channels, contributing to altered neuronal excitability, are emerging as possible mechanisms in the development of certain @entity0 @entity2 . In previous immature rodent studies of experimental prolonged @entity4 , isoform-specific changes in the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic @entity3 -gated cation channels (HCNs) correlated with long-lasting hippocampal hyperexcitability and enhanced @entity4 susceptibility. Prolonged early-life @entity4 commonly precede @entity0 @entity5 ( @entity5 ), suggesting that transcriptional dysregulation of HCNs might contribute to the epileptogenic process. Therefore, we determined whether HCN isoform expression was modified in hippocampi of individuals with @entity5 . @entity8 and @entity7 expression were measured using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry in hippocampi from three groups: @entity5 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ; n = 17), @entity2 hippocampi without @entity1 , or @entity1 ( @entity1 ; n = 10), and autopsy material (n = 10). The results obtained in chronic @entity0 @entity2 were validated by examining hippocampi from the @entity6 model of chronic @entity5 . In autopsy and most @entity1 hippocampi, @entity8 mRNA expression was substantial in pyramidal cell layers and lower in dentate gyrus granule cells (GCs). In contrast, @entity8 mRNA expression over the GC layer and in individual GCs from @entity2 hippocampus was markedly increased once GC neuronal density was reduced by >50%. @entity8 mRNA changes were accompanied by enhanced immunoreactivity in the GC dendritic fields and more modest changes in @entity7 mRNA expression. Furthermore, similar robust and isoform-selective augmentation of @entity8 mRNA expression was evident also in the @entity6 animal model of @entity5 . These findings indicate that the expression of HCN isoforms is dynamically regulated in @entity0 as well as in experimental @entity2 . After experimental @entity4 (i.e., early in the epileptogenic process), the preserved and augmented inhibition onto principal cells may lead to reduced @entity8 expression. In contrast, in chronic @entity2 hippocampus studied here, the profound loss of interneuronal and principal cell populations and consequent reduced inhibition, coupled with increased dendritic excitation of surviving GCs, might provoke a "compensatory" enhancement of @entity8 mRNA and protein expression.

title: Enhanced expression of a specific hyperpolarization-activated cyclic XXXX -gated cation channel (HCN) in surviving dentate gyrus granule cells of @entity0 and experimental @entity2 hippocampus.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Changes in the expression of ion channels, contributing to altered neuronal excitability, are emerging as possible mechanisms in the development of certain @entity0 @entity2 . In previous immature rodent studies of experimental prolonged @entity4 , isoform-specific changes in the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic @entity3 -gated cation channels (HCNs) correlated with long-lasting hippocampal hyperexcitability and enhanced @entity4 susceptibility. Prolonged early-life @entity4 commonly precede @entity0 @entity5 ( @entity5 ), suggesting that transcriptional dysregulation of HCNs might contribute to the epileptogenic process. Therefore, we determined whether HCN isoform expression was modified in hippocampi of individuals with @entity5 . @entity8 and @entity7 expression were measured using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry in hippocampi from three groups: @entity5 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ; n = 17), @entity2 hippocampi without @entity1 , or @entity1 ( @entity1 ; n = 10), and autopsy material (n = 10). The results obtained in chronic @entity0 @entity2 were validated by examining hippocampi from the @entity6 model of chronic @entity5 . In autopsy and most @entity1 hippocampi, @entity8 mRNA expression was substantial in pyramidal cell layers and lower in dentate gyrus granule cells (GCs). In contrast, @entity8 mRNA expression over the GC layer and in individual GCs from @entity2 hippocampus was markedly increased once GC neuronal density was reduced by >50%. @entity8 mRNA changes were accompanied by enhanced immunoreactivity in the GC dendritic fields and more modest changes in @entity7 mRNA expression. Furthermore, similar robust and isoform-selective augmentation of @entity8 mRNA expression was evident also in the @entity6 animal model of @entity5 . These findings indicate that the expression of HCN isoforms is dynamically regulated in @entity0 as well as in experimental @entity2 . After experimental @entity4 (i.e., early in the epileptogenic process), the preserved and augmented inhibition onto principal cells may lead to reduced @entity8 expression. In contrast, in chronic @entity2 hippocampus studied here, the profound loss of interneuronal and principal cell populations and consequent reduced inhibition, coupled with increased dendritic excitation of surviving GCs, might provoke a "compensatory" enhancement of @entity8 mRNA and protein expression.

title: Enhanced expression of a specific hyperpolarization-activated cyclic @entity3 -gated cation channel (HCN) in surviving dentate gyrus granule cells of @entity0 and experimental XXXX hippocampus.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Changes in the expression of ion channels, contributing to altered neuronal excitability, are emerging as possible mechanisms in the development of certain @entity0 @entity2 . In previous immature rodent studies of experimental prolonged @entity4 , isoform-specific changes in the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic @entity3 -gated cation channels (HCNs) correlated with long-lasting hippocampal hyperexcitability and enhanced @entity4 susceptibility. Prolonged early-life @entity4 commonly precede @entity0 @entity5 ( @entity5 ), suggesting that transcriptional dysregulation of HCNs might contribute to the epileptogenic process. Therefore, we determined whether HCN isoform expression was modified in hippocampi of individuals with @entity5 . @entity8 and @entity7 expression were measured using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry in hippocampi from three groups: @entity5 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ; n = 17), @entity2 hippocampi without @entity1 , or @entity1 ( @entity1 ; n = 10), and autopsy material (n = 10). The results obtained in chronic @entity0 @entity2 were validated by examining hippocampi from the @entity6 model of chronic @entity5 . In autopsy and most @entity1 hippocampi, @entity8 mRNA expression was substantial in pyramidal cell layers and lower in dentate gyrus granule cells (GCs). In contrast, @entity8 mRNA expression over the GC layer and in individual GCs from @entity2 hippocampus was markedly increased once GC neuronal density was reduced by >50%. @entity8 mRNA changes were accompanied by enhanced immunoreactivity in the GC dendritic fields and more modest changes in @entity7 mRNA expression. Furthermore, similar robust and isoform-selective augmentation of @entity8 mRNA expression was evident also in the @entity6 animal model of @entity5 . These findings indicate that the expression of HCN isoforms is dynamically regulated in @entity0 as well as in experimental @entity2 . After experimental @entity4 (i.e., early in the epileptogenic process), the preserved and augmented inhibition onto principal cells may lead to reduced @entity8 expression. In contrast, in chronic @entity2 hippocampus studied here, the profound loss of interneuronal and principal cell populations and consequent reduced inhibition, coupled with increased dendritic excitation of surviving GCs, might provoke a "compensatory" enhancement of @entity8 mRNA and protein expression.

title: Enhanced expression of a specific hyperpolarization-activated cyclic @entity3 -gated cation channel (HCN) in surviving dentate gyrus granule cells of XXXX and experimental @entity2 hippocampus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In-stent @entity1 have been problematic for many @entity0 with the need for multiple repeat percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The need for repeat PCI has been significantly reduced in @entity0 since the advent of vascular brachytherapy. In-stent restenosis resulting in bifurcation presents even more of a challenge. The use of radiation therapy for the treatment of this kind of lesion has not yet been reported. The purpose of this paper is to present five cases of radiation therapy in bifurcation in-stent @entity1 using the intraluminal beta radiation catheter delivery system (Beta-Cath System, Novoste Corporation, Norcross, Georgia). METHODS: We reviewed the database of @entity0 enrolled in our Compassionate Use Registry between August 1999 and April 2002. The data is reported for 5 @entity0 who received radiation in both branches of bifurcation lesions with the Beta-Cath catheter system. RESULTS: The mean diameter of the vessels was 3.1 mm 0.5 mm. The dose administered was from 18.3 to 23 Gy, with an overlap of 3.3 to 10.3 mm; the hinge angle between the branches went from 43.3 to 65.4 . Angiographic follow-up was obtained at 6 months in 4 @entity0 , with a single @entity0 showing a focal (< 5 mm) edge lesion treated by balloon angioplasty (TVR no TLR). No @entity2 or zones of @entity3 were noted. CONCLUSION: Beta radiation with the Beta-Cath catheter system appears to be safe, secure and clinically useful in in-stent restenotic bifurcation lesions.

title: Treatment of bifurcation in-stent XXXX with beta radiation using strontium 90 and sequential positioning pullback technique: procedural details and clinical outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 are common in @entity5 and other @entity1 , @entity2 in @entity7 is limited to generalized forms or Segawa disease. Although many @entity0 with @entity8 ( @entity10 ) and @entity12 ( @entity12 ) report poor sleep, there are no data on frequency or interactions with well known symptoms like @entity6 and @entity4 . Standardized interviews and assessment instruments, clinical examinations, and self rating forms were applied in 221 @entity0 with @entity10 and @entity12 , and in 93 neurologically healthy controls. @entity2 was found in 44% of @entity10 @entity0 , 46% of @entity12 @entity0 , and 20% of controls. In @entity7 , it was associated with symptoms of @entity6 (frequency of 26%; p  <  0.001) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) (frequency of 19%; p  <  0.01). @entity11 (in @entity10 ; p  <  0.05), and female sex (in @entity12 ; p  <  0.001) were identified as further risk factors, but not severity of @entity8 . Excessive @entity2 was rare in @entity10 and @entity12 (6%). With a frequency of 45%, @entity2 is common in focal @entity7 and associated with symptoms of @entity6 , @entity11 , and @entity9 . Results in @entity10 and @entity12 @entity0 are similar, pointing to an intrinsic mechanism of @entity2 rather than a direct effect of @entity3 . Further studies on @entity13 , including polysomnographic recordings, are warranted.

title: @entity2 and @entity9 in XXXX : a controlled study.

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity2 are common in @entity5 and other @entity1 , @entity2 in @entity7 is limited to generalized forms or Segawa disease. Although many @entity0 with @entity8 ( @entity10 ) and @entity12 ( @entity12 ) report poor sleep, there are no data on frequency or interactions with well known symptoms like @entity6 and @entity4 . Standardized interviews and assessment instruments, clinical examinations, and self rating forms were applied in 221 @entity0 with @entity10 and @entity12 , and in 93 neurologically healthy controls. @entity2 was found in 44% of @entity10 @entity0 , 46% of @entity12 @entity0 , and 20% of controls. In @entity7 , it was associated with symptoms of @entity6 (frequency of 26%; p  <  0.001) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) (frequency of 19%; p  <  0.01). @entity11 (in @entity10 ; p  <  0.05), and female sex (in @entity12 ; p  <  0.001) were identified as further risk factors, but not severity of @entity8 . Excessive @entity2 was rare in @entity10 and @entity12 (6%). With a frequency of 45%, @entity2 is common in focal @entity7 and associated with symptoms of @entity6 , @entity11 , and @entity9 . Results in @entity10 and @entity12 @entity0 are similar, pointing to an intrinsic mechanism of @entity2 rather than a direct effect of @entity3 . Further studies on @entity13 , including polysomnographic recordings, are warranted.

title: XXXX and @entity9 in @entity8 : a controlled study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 are common in @entity5 and other @entity1 , @entity2 in @entity7 is limited to generalized forms or Segawa disease. Although many @entity0 with @entity8 ( @entity10 ) and @entity12 ( @entity12 ) report poor sleep, there are no data on frequency or interactions with well known symptoms like @entity6 and @entity4 . Standardized interviews and assessment instruments, clinical examinations, and self rating forms were applied in 221 @entity0 with @entity10 and @entity12 , and in 93 neurologically healthy controls. @entity2 was found in 44% of @entity10 @entity0 , 46% of @entity12 @entity0 , and 20% of controls. In @entity7 , it was associated with symptoms of @entity6 (frequency of 26%; p  <  0.001) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) (frequency of 19%; p  <  0.01). @entity11 (in @entity10 ; p  <  0.05), and female sex (in @entity12 ; p  <  0.001) were identified as further risk factors, but not severity of @entity8 . Excessive @entity2 was rare in @entity10 and @entity12 (6%). With a frequency of 45%, @entity2 is common in focal @entity7 and associated with symptoms of @entity6 , @entity11 , and @entity9 . Results in @entity10 and @entity12 @entity0 are similar, pointing to an intrinsic mechanism of @entity2 rather than a direct effect of @entity3 . Further studies on @entity13 , including polysomnographic recordings, are warranted.

title: @entity2 and XXXX in @entity8 : a controlled study.

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity4 of stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of brain metastases of @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1994 to 2001, 25 @entity0 presenting with 61 metastases of cutaneous @entity5 were treated with radiosurgery. Median age was 47 years (range: 25-73 years) and median Karnofski performance status 80 (range: 50-100). Twenty @entity0 had one radiosurgery, 5 had two or three. Median @entity1 diameter was 21 mm (range: 6-54.4 mm), and median @entity1 volume was 1.7 cm(3) (range: 0.4-25.6 cm(3)). Irradiation was delivered by a linear accelerator. Median minimal dose was 14.1 Gy (range: 10-19.4 Gy), and median maximal dose was 20.5 Gy (range: 16-48 Gy). RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 12.6 months (range: 1-85 months). Five metastases progressed (9.8%), 2-12 months after radiosurgery. Three-, 6- and 12-month local control rates were 95 +/- 3, 90 +/- 5 and 84 +/- 7%, respectively. By univariate analysis, only absence of extracranial @entity2 was a prognostic factor of local control. Three-, 6- and 12-month @entity3 -free survival rates were 75 +/- 9, 68 +/- 11 and 38 +/- 13%, respectively. According to univariate analysis, only the Score Index for Radiosurgery in brain metastases (SIR) was a prognostic factor of brain-event-free survival (p = 0.03). Median survival was 8 months. Three-, 6- and 12-month overall survival rates were 75 +/- 9, 53 +/- 10, and 29 +/- 10%, respectively. According to univariate analysis, extracranial controlled disease status (p = 0.03), and SIR (p = 0.04) were prognostic factors for overall survival. According to multivariate analysis, none was an independent prognosticator for overall survival. Complications were minimal. CONCLUSION: Radiosurgical treatment of brain metastases of @entity5 is effective and accurate. The use of radiosurgery alone is an appropriate management strategy for many @entity0 with brain metastases of @entity5 .

title: Linac radiosurgery for brain @entity1 of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity4 of stereotactic radiotherapy in the treatment of brain metastases of @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1994 to 2001, 25 @entity0 presenting with 61 metastases of cutaneous @entity5 were treated with radiosurgery. Median age was 47 years (range: 25-73 years) and median Karnofski performance status 80 (range: 50-100). Twenty @entity0 had one radiosurgery, 5 had two or three. Median @entity1 diameter was 21 mm (range: 6-54.4 mm), and median @entity1 volume was 1.7 cm(3) (range: 0.4-25.6 cm(3)). Irradiation was delivered by a linear accelerator. Median minimal dose was 14.1 Gy (range: 10-19.4 Gy), and median maximal dose was 20.5 Gy (range: 16-48 Gy). RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 12.6 months (range: 1-85 months). Five metastases progressed (9.8%), 2-12 months after radiosurgery. Three-, 6- and 12-month local control rates were 95 +/- 3, 90 +/- 5 and 84 +/- 7%, respectively. By univariate analysis, only absence of extracranial @entity2 was a prognostic factor of local control. Three-, 6- and 12-month @entity3 -free survival rates were 75 +/- 9, 68 +/- 11 and 38 +/- 13%, respectively. According to univariate analysis, only the Score Index for Radiosurgery in brain metastases (SIR) was a prognostic factor of brain-event-free survival (p = 0.03). Median survival was 8 months. Three-, 6- and 12-month overall survival rates were 75 +/- 9, 53 +/- 10, and 29 +/- 10%, respectively. According to univariate analysis, extracranial controlled disease status (p = 0.03), and SIR (p = 0.04) were prognostic factors for overall survival. According to multivariate analysis, none was an independent prognosticator for overall survival. Complications were minimal. CONCLUSION: Radiosurgical treatment of brain metastases of @entity5 is effective and accurate. The use of radiosurgery alone is an appropriate management strategy for many @entity0 with brain metastases of @entity5 .

title: Linac radiosurgery for brain XXXX of @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study attempted to characterize the phenotype of @entity0 and @entity0 of different ages with a laboratory diagnosis of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) using demographic, subjective complaints and medical history and to determine the best fitting @entity2 index (AHI) cutoff point for @entity2 diagnosis in each group. METHODS: Data collected from 23,806 @entity0 examined by a whole-night polysomnography were retrospectively analyzed. First, descriptive analysis was used to determine the gender-specific relationship between AHI and age, then binary logistic regression was used to determine the best fitting gender- and age-specific AHIs and the predictors of @entity2 in each age and gender group. RESULTS: Of the total number of @entity0 , 70.7% had AHI >10, and @entity0 had consistently higher AHI than @entity0 . @entity2 severity rose linearly with age in normal-weight and @entity3 @entity0 and in normal-weight @entity0 . The best fitting AHI cutoff point increased with age in both genders. @entity3 and snoring were significant predictors of @entity2 in all age by gender groups, while @entity4 and excessive @entity1 were common to all @entity0 and the two older @entity0 groups. Insomnia-related complaints were negative predictors of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in some of the groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 severity varies with age in both genders, while @entity0 have less severe syndrome in all ages. @entity3 , snoring, @entity4 , and excessive @entity1 are @entity2 predictors in both genders, while insomnia-related complaints are negative predictors.

title: Age- and gender-related characteristics of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 and hopelessness are risk factors for suicide. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of suicidal ideation and hopelessness in outpatients with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and to study the impact of suicidal ideation and hopelessness on treatment with @entity3 (NT). The degree of suicidal ideation and hopelessness was assessed during the screen visit with the use of items #3 and #30 of the Hamilton @entity2 Rating Scale (HAM-D) in 89 @entity0 with @entity4 who entered a 6-week open trial of NT. Forty of these @entity0 also completed the Beck Hopelessness Index (BHI) during the screen visit. In separate logistic regressions, the scores from the BHI and the two HAM-D items were then tested as predictors of clinical response to the 6-week trial with NT, controlling for the severity of @entity2 . More than half of @entity0 reported thoughts or wishes of @entity1 to self and significant hopelessness. A greater degree of hopelessness before treatment in completers, reflected by the score on the HAM-D item #30, predicted response to NT. More than half of @entity0 with prominent hopelessness who completed the trial responded. @entity0 with @entity4 are more likely than not to report prominent suicidal ideation and hopelessness. Furthermore, a full 6-week trial of NT, a relatively noradrenergic tricyclic antidepressant, may be particularly useful in @entity0 who have failed to respond to several antidepressants and also report significant hopelessness.

title: Hopelessness and suicidal ideation in outpatients with XXXX : prevalence and impact on treatment outcome.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity0 with @entity1 showing diffuse (>80%) mesangial proliferation are at high risk for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). A previous controlled trial showed that combination therapy consisting of @entity4 , @entity3 , heparin- @entity5 , and @entity7 early in the course of disease reduces @entity1 and prevents the progression of sclerosed glomeruli. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of combination therapy in @entity0 with @entity1 showing @entity8 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity0 , _ MEASUREMENTS: A secondary analysis of a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial involving 78 @entity0 with @entity1 who received either 2-year combination therapy or heparin- @entity5 and dipyridamole (control) therapy was conducted. RESULTS: The median duration of observation was 10 years (range, 0.5 to 18). Two of 40 @entity0 (5%) who received combination therapy and five of 34 @entity0 (14.7%) who received control therapy developed @entity2 . A Kaplan-Meier plot of renal survival showed that the outcomes of @entity0 in the combined therapy group were better than those in the control therapy group (log-rank P = 0.03). The 10-year renal survival probability of each group was 97.1% (95% confidence interval, 81.4 to 99.6%) and 84.8% (95% confidence interval, 55.4 to 95.5%), respectively. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that the 2-year combination therapy was significantly associated with renal survival in both univariate and multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Two-year combination therapy not only ameliorated the activity of the acute phase of @entity6 but also improved the long-term outcome of severe childhood @entity1 .

title: Long-term results of a randomized controlled trial in childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: @entity5 is the most frequent @entity2 in infancy. Untreated symptomatic @entity0 with @entity4 have a high mortality rate. Symptomatic forms may request nonoperative treatment, because surgery is burdened with high risks in @entity0 with @entity4 . The authors report their experience with interventional coil occlusion of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: Four @entity0 (age range, 2 to 146 days; mean, 53 days) suffering from @entity3 associated with @entity4 were treated by endovascular coil occlusion of arterial feeders. Catheter intervention was performed via an arterial (n = 2) or venous (n = 2) approach. RESULTS: Signs of @entity4 resolved within 2 to 8 days after occlusion in 3 @entity0 . Tumor regression could be observed sonographically within 4 weeks postinterventionally. In 3 @entity0 , @entity1 size was reduced from a mean of 544 mL (65 to 1,350) to a mean of 4 mL (2 to 6); Mean systolic peak velocity in the hepatic artery was decreased from 170 cm/s (140 to 200) before occlusion to 45 cm/s (36 to 70) during follow-up. In the fourth @entity0 , endovascular intervention could not control a rapidly progressing hemangioendotheliomatosis, and finally a liver transplantation had to be performed. CONCLUSIONS: Interventional occlusion of feeding arteries in symptomatic @entity3 is a safe and effective alternative to early open surgery. The efficacy of endovascular intervention in multifocal @entity1 seems questionable.

title: Interventional treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 in the urinary bladder are rare with a high prevalence of @entity4 . A 15-month-old @entity0 was referred to the authors' center because of a @entity2 . Imaging studies disclosed a solid pelvic mass in the dome of the bladder confirmed by a cystoscopy. Surprisingly, the biopsy done during this procedure confirmed a @entity3 with a favorable Shimada classification. This @entity1 had no bad prognostic factors. But, vessel compression and local infiltration led to delayed surgery, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy was initiated. After chemotherapy, a complete surgical resection was accomplished. Currently, this @entity0 is in complete continuous remission. Only 5 other cases have been reported. Thus, urinary @entity3 seems to be a very rare @entity1 , but it should be considered in the differential diagnoses of @entity2 .

title: The urinary bladder: An extremely rare location of pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: We studied the association between use of mobile and cordless phones and @entity3 . Pooled analysis was performed of two case-control studies on @entity0 with @entity3 diagnosed during 1997-2003 and matched controls alive at the time of study inclusion and one case-control study on deceased @entity0 and controls diagnosed during the same time period. Cases and controls or relatives to deceased subjects were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Replies were obtained for 1,251 (85%) cases and 2,438 (84%) controls. The risk increased with latency period and cumulative use in hours for both mobile and cordless phones. Highest risk was found for the most common type of @entity1 , @entity2 , yielding in the >10 year latency group for mobile phone use odds ratio (OR) = 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.9-3.7 and cordless phone use OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2-2.9. In a separate analysis, these phone types were independent risk factors for @entity1 . The risk for @entity2 was highest in the group with first use of a wireless phone before the age of 20; mobile phone use OR = 4.9, 95% CI = 2.2-11, cordless phone use OR = 3.9, 95% CI = 1.7-8.7. In conclusion, an increased risk was found for @entity1 and use of mobile or cordless phone. The risk increased with latency time and cumulative use in hours and was highest in subjects with first use before the age of 20.

title: Pooled analysis of case-control studies on XXXX and the use of mobile and cordless phones including living and deceased subjects.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Establishing the value of neurological examination, and additional diagnostic methods (ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain) in the diagnosis and prognosis of @entity4 and its treatment, tracking the clinical course, and making the prognosis of neurological development in newborn @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: The group of 40 term newborn @entity0 with suspected intrauterine @entity3 was examined. All the @entity0 were prospectively followed until the 3rd year of age at the Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for @entity0 and Youth in order to estimate their neurological development and to diagnose the occurrence of persistent @entity1 . All the @entity0 were analyzed by their gestational age and Apgar score in the 1st and the 5th minute of life. They were all examined neurologically and by ultrasonography in the first week of life and, repeatedly, at the age of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, as well as in the 24th month of life. They were treated by the standard methods for this disease. Finally, all the @entity0 were examined neurologically and by magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in their 3rd year of age. On the basis of neurological finding @entity0 were divided into 3 groups: @entity0 with normal neurological finding, @entity0 with mild neurological symptomatology, and @entity0 with severe @entity1 . RESULTS: It was shown that neurological finding, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain positively correlated with the later neurological development of the @entity0 with @entity4 . CONCLUSION: Only the combined use of these techniques had full diagnostic and prognostic significance, emphasizing that the integrative approach was very important in the diagnosis of @entity2 in @entity0 .

title: [Clinical course and prognosis in XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper presents our experience with cytologic examination of urine in diagnosing @entity1 . METHODS: The study group included 23 @entity0 with @entity1 , selected from 56 @entity0 who underwent renal transplantation. Etiologic diagnosis was made according to the clinical picture, histological findings during allograft biopsy, and cytologic examination of urine. Urine sediment was obtained in cytocentrifuge and was air dried and stained with May Grunwald Giemsa. RESULTS: Out of 23 @entity0 with allograft dysfunction in 18 (78.3%) @entity0 it was caused by acute rejection, and in 5 (8.9%) @entity0 by allograft infarction, @entity2 nephrotoxicity, @entity6 and chronic @entity1 . In eighteen @entity0 (78.3%) cytologic examination of urine was pathologic, while in 16 (70%) clinical and histology findings coincided with urine cytology findings. Out of 18 @entity0 with acute allograft rejection in 15 @entity0 cytologic examination of urine coincided with acute rejection. Out of 7 @entity0 with expressed @entity2 nephrotoxicity, in 5 cytologic examination of urine confirmed the cause of allograft dysfunction, as well as in one of 2 @entity0 with @entity6 . Cytologic examination of urine indicated parenchymal damage in 2 @entity0 with recurrent disease (membranoproliferative and focal sclerosing @entity3 ). In 4 of 5 @entity0 suffering from chronic rejection in a year's monitoring period, urine sediment periodically consisted of lymphocytes, neutrophilic leucocytes, monocyte/macrophages, tubular cells and cylindres, without the predominance of any cell type. In 3 @entity0 allograft dysfunction was caused by infective agents (bacteria, fungus, @entity5 ). CONCLUSION: Cytologic examination of urine might be an alternative to histological in diagnosing acute allograft rejection and @entity6 or nephrototoxicity. Also it might indicate parenchymal disease while the importance of urine cytology in @entity4 needs to be investigated further.

title: [Importance of cytologic examination of urine in the diagnosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: A net retention of @entity3 within the liver is a prerequisite for the development of @entity2 . The accumulation of liver fat reflects an imbalance between @entity1 input and disposal. Here we summarize recent research into understanding the fate of @entity4 within the hepatocyte. RECENT FINDINGS: Several recent studies have elucidated the contribution of different sources of @entity4 to liver fat and to plasma @entity3 . Some recent studies have suggested that, contrary to expectations, hepatic @entity1 oxidation is upregulated in @entity5 -resistant individuals. A recent observation shows the potential importance of @entity1 transformation, especially desaturation, to determination of metabolic fate. These studies highlight our lack of understanding of the regulation of metabolic partitioning of @entity4 within the @entity0 liver. SUMMARY: The regulation of hepatic @entity1 partitioning involves many factors; not least @entity5 . @entity5 undoubtedly regulates the supply of @entity4 to the liver from adipose tissue; however, whether @entity5 has a direct intrahepatic effect on hepatic @entity1 partitioning, in @entity0 , remains unclear. The transformation of @entity4 , by desaturases, may have an important role in aiding the disposal of @entity4 via oxidative pathways. Factors that upregulate hepatic @entity1 oxidation need to be elucidated.

title: Hepatic XXXX partitioning.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 , Puumala serotype, is a well-known disease in the northeast of France, but not in the Paris area, despite regularly diagnosed cases. A retrospective study was performed from January 1999 to December 2000 to assess the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of this disease in the "R  gion Ile-de-France". Fourteen cases were diagnosed. All required hospitalisation. @entity0 presented usually with high fever, @entity2 , @entity3 , moderate @entity4 and, sometimes, transitional acute @entity5 witch is pathognomonic of the disease. In each case, a contact with a forest was found. Twelve @entity0 recovered completely. One @entity0 with pre-existing @entity3 died and another developed a persistent arterial @entity1 . Invasive procedures were often used before the diagnosis. @entity6 does exist in the "R  gion Ile-de-France". Failure to recognise this disease in this area lead to unnecessary invasive procedures and hospitalizations.

title: [ XXXX in Ile-de-France].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Attemp to determine the probability of developing @entity1 taking into acc age, digital rectal examination and @entity3 once a transrectal biopsy has been indicated, so that both doctors and @entity0 have mor information to face such pathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 633 biopsies, taken into acc the @entity0 's age, digital rectal examination, @entity3 level and histology. The data were included in a database created with Access and were put a logistic regression by mens the software program SPSS. RESULTS: Once the biopsy is indicated, digital rectal examination is the parameter offesing a higher discriminatory valuer with an odd ratio of 5.9 (CI 95%, 3.9-8.9). The mathematical model obtained shows a sensitivity level of 57% and a level of specificity of 84%. Pre-test probability is 36%, the probability post-test increasing up to 70%, and a negative predictive value of 77% and a positive predictive value of 67%. CONCLUSIONS: The mathematical model obtained individually determines the probability of suffering from @entity1 . Moreover, using this model the probabilities obtained re more precise than those derived from the fact of fulfilling the criteria for a prostatic biopsy. Once a biopsy is indicated, the rectal examination becomes the parameter with a higher predictive value of PC, irrespective of @entity3 and age. The @entity2 of the model is higher than of the @entity3 or the digital recta examination used separately.

title: [Predictive model for XXXX in @entity0 with biopsy indication].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Attemp to determine the probability of developing @entity1 taking into acc age, digital rectal examination and @entity3 once a transrectal biopsy has been indicated, so that both doctors and @entity0 have mor information to face such pathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 633 biopsies, taken into acc the @entity0 's age, digital rectal examination, @entity3 level and histology. The data were included in a database created with Access and were put a logistic regression by mens the software program SPSS. RESULTS: Once the biopsy is indicated, digital rectal examination is the parameter offesing a higher discriminatory valuer with an odd ratio of 5.9 (CI 95%, 3.9-8.9). The mathematical model obtained shows a sensitivity level of 57% and a level of specificity of 84%. Pre-test probability is 36%, the probability post-test increasing up to 70%, and a negative predictive value of 77% and a positive predictive value of 67%. CONCLUSIONS: The mathematical model obtained individually determines the probability of suffering from @entity1 . Moreover, using this model the probabilities obtained re more precise than those derived from the fact of fulfilling the criteria for a prostatic biopsy. Once a biopsy is indicated, the rectal examination becomes the parameter with a higher predictive value of PC, irrespective of @entity3 and age. The @entity2 of the model is higher than of the @entity3 or the digital recta examination used separately.

title: [Predictive model for @entity1 in XXXX with biopsy indication].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Celery is a frequent food allergen: not only raw, but also cooked and as a spice it can produce various reactions of immediate type, from oral contact urticaria to @entity2 . Most celery-allergic @entity0 suffer from @entity3 and show a skin sensitization to mugwort. An associated @entity1 to several spices is quite common, and therefore the term "celery-mugwort-spice-syndrome" has been proposed. The authors have investigated 35 @entity0 , 85% of them @entity0 , in whom a current celery @entity1 of varying severity was diagnosed during the first 8 months of 1984. A positive skin test to celery was seen in 16 @entity0 who denied any symptoms from it. Thorough skin testing and RAST screening with different celery preparations, other foodstuffs and mugwort-pollens were performed on all @entity0 . The modified prick test with native celery-root proved to be the best method for detecting celery sensitization, showing a positive result in 88.6%. The scratch test with celery-salt was positive in 70.5%, intracutaneous testing with commercial extract in 63.5% and the RAST with celery-sticks in 66% of the @entity0 . Sensitization to mugwort was absent in 8 @entity0 only. The mugwort-sensitive group frequently showed a positive test to ragweed-pollens, a common plant in North America, and this appears to indicate cross-reactivity amongst the family of the Asteraceae. Cross-reactivity amongst the Apiaceae is the cause of the many positive results obtained with @entity4 , parsely, anise, fennel and caraway, the @entity4 @entity1 being of clinical importance in 50% of cases, including one with a history of @entity2 after ingestion of raw @entity4 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [The celery- XXXX -mugwort-condiment syndrome: skin test and RAST results].

answer: @entity4


abstract: Ever since @entity0 has become looked upon as a local and simultaneously a @entity3 , local treatment has become ever less radical. Today, some 70% of all mamma @entity2 can be treated with breast-preserving techniques. Following pre-operative downstaging by primary neoadjuvant chemotherapy, even the majority of large @entity1 can be managed with conservative surgery. With the exception of @entity4 in situ (DCIS) axillary lymph node clearance is currently standard practice. For an assessment of nodal status, at least 10 lymph nodes must be obtained and examined histologically. The sentinel lymph node biopsy performed under study conditions should be left to experienced specialized centers. Postoperative irradiation of the preserved breast is an element of the overall concept of breast-preserving surgery. The spectrum of surgical options covers breast-preserving procedures, skin-preserving mastectomy and amputation, which cannot always be avoided. With regard to plastic reconstruction, a differentiation should be made between the possibilities for reconstruction during primary surgery and reconstruction at a later date. Since postoperative radiotherapy can considerably diminish the results of reconstruction, current tendency is towards secondary reconstruction.

title: [Surgical therapy of XXXX . Much of the fright is lost].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recruitment is one of the most serious challenges in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), especially in the old and frail population. A Norwegian multicentre RCT targeting @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 older than 70 years was initiated to compare the impact on quality of life of early or late start of dialysis. Owing to poor inclusion the RCT was closed. The aim of the present study was to explore possible reasons for the recruitment failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to all Norwegian nephrologists. The questionnaire presented 11 statements which cited possible reasons for not including elderly @entity1 @entity0 in the RCT in question. RESULTS: The highest rated reasons for non-inclusion were the physician's wish to decide the timing of dialysis individually and the @entity0 's wish to postpone the start of treatment. High mean scores were also found for reasons related to workload and capacity at the dialysis unit, whereas the influence of the doctor- @entity0 relationship and competing studies were judged not to be important. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that confidence in individually decided treatment and fear of losing professional autonomy make Norwegian nephrologists reluctant to include @entity0 in RCTs. To succeed in recruitment, there seems to be a need for cultural changes as well as increased resources to meet practical challenges.

title: XXXX and recruitment to randomized trials: why is it so difficult? Results from a survey among Norwegian nephrologists.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The preventive effect of pemirolast against @entity1 after coronary stent placement was evaluated. METHODS: Eighty-four @entity0 with 89 de novo lesions who underwent successful coronary stenting were assigned to the pemirolast group(40 @entity0 , 45 lesions) and the control group(44 @entity0 , 44 lesions). Administration of pemirolast(20 mg/day) was initiated from the next morning after stenting and continued for 6 months of follow-up. Quantitative coronary angiography was performed immediately after stenting and at follow-up. @entity1 was defined as diameter stenosis > or = 50% at follow-up. Intravascular ultrasound study conducted at follow-up angiography was used to measure vessel cross-sectional area(CSA), stent CSA, lumen CSA, @entity3 (stent CSA--lumen CSA), and percentage @entity3 ( @entity3 /stent CSA x 100%) at the minimal lumen site. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. @entity1 rate was significantly lower in the pemirolast group than in the control group(15.0% vs 34.1% of @entity0 , 13.3% vs 34.1% of lesions, p < 0.05, respectively). The intravascular ultrasound study at follow-up(36 lesions in the pemirolast group, 33 in the control group) found no significant differences in vessel CSA and stent CSA between the two groups(17.3 +/- 2.2 vs 16.8 +/- 2.4 mm2, 8.6 +/- 1.9 vs 8.4 +/- 1.7 mm2, respectively). However, lumen CSA was significantly larger in the pemirolast group than in the control group(5.5 +/- 1.3 vs 4.4 +/- 1.1 mm2, p < 0.05). Moreover, @entity3 and percentage @entity3 were significantly smaller in the pemirolast group(3.1 +/- 1.1 vs 4.0 +/- 1.2 mm2, p < 0.05 and 36.2 +/- 15.9% vs 47.4 +/- 15.6%, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Pemirolast has a preventive effect against @entity1 after stent placement, possibly by inhibiting neointimal @entity2 .

title: Preventive effect of an antiallergic drug, pemirolast potassium, on XXXX after stent placement: quantitative coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasound studies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Non-operative management has become the treatment of choice in the majority of @entity1 . The aim of this study was to assess the changes in primary treatment and outcomes in a single Dutch Level 1 @entity2 centre with wide experience in @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: The prospective @entity2 registry was retrospectively analysed for 7-year periods before (Period 1) and after ( @entity7 ) the introduction of @entity6 . The primary outcome was the failure rate of primary treatment defined as @entity1 or re-bleeding requiring radiologic or operative (re)interventions. Secondary outcomes were @entity3 . RESULTS: Despite an increase in high-grade @entity1 , the incidence of primary non-operative management more than doubled over the two periods, from 33% (20 of 61 cases) in Period 1 to 72% (84 of 116 cases) in @entity7 (P < 0.001). The failure rate of primary treatment in Period 1 was 18% (11/61), compared with 11% (13/116) in @entity7 (P= 0.21). Complication rates were 23% (14/61) and 16% (18/116) in @entity7 , respectively (P= 0.22). Liver-related mortality rates were 10% (6/61) and 3% @entity7 , respectively (P= 0.095). The increase in the frequency of non-operative management was even higher in high-grade injuries, in which outcomes were improved. In high-grade injuries in @entity7 , failure rates decreased from 45% (9/20) to 20% (11/55) (P= 0.041), liver-related mortality decreased from 30% (6/20) to 7% (4/55) (P= 0.019) and complication rates fell from 60% (12/20) to 27% (15/55) (P= 0.014). @entity5 or @entity0 and @entity4 formation seemed to occur more frequently with @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Overall, liver-related mortality, treatment failure and complication rates remained constant despite an increase in non-operative management. However, in high-grade injuries outcomes improved after the introduction of @entity6 .

title: Improved outcomes in the non-operative management of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The new application of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the diagnosis of breast masses has evolved quickly only in recent years. Nevertheless, mixed results owing to the overlap in characteristics of benign and malignant lesions are simultaneously discovered by most studies, partially attributed to different histopathologic characteristics of @entity0 . PURPOSE: To explore the characteristics of different histopathologic types of @entity0 at real-time gray-scale @entity2 and evaluate its diagnostic value. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and one histopathologically confirmed malignant lesions were included. We retrospectively reviewed the contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic findings including morphologic features, quantitative parameters, and correlated them with histopathology. True-positive rate was calculated to assess the diagnostic performance of @entity2 . RESULTS: The 101 @entity1 displayed irregular shape (72 [71%]), poorly-defined margin (73 [72%]), penetrating or tortuous surrounding vessels (79 [78%]), heterogeneous enhancement (84 [83%]), including focal perfusion defects (24 [24%]). For each histopathologic type, 87% (58/67) of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) showed heterogeneous enhancement. Of all the 24 perfusion defects, @entity4 account for 88% (21/24). Low average peak intensity (PI) of 4.9 was detected in this type. @entity4 in situ (DCIS) excellently showed the features of irregular shape (82% [14/17]), poorly-defined margin (82% [14/17]), heterogeneous enhancement (94% [16/17]). While 83% (5/6) of @entity3 exhibited regular shape, well-defined margin, homogenous enhancement, and high average PI value of 9.6. @entity5 showed similar enhancement pattern to that of @entity4 . Intraductal @entity6 displayed high average PI value of 8.1. The overall true-positive rate for conventional US and @entity2 was 88%, 86%, respectively. DCIS, @entity3 , and @entity6 achieved an improved true-positive rate (94%, 100% and 100%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The imaging characteristics of @entity2 are variable in different histopathologic types of @entity0 . @entity2 does not appear to be superior to conventional ultrasound as a diagnostic tool overall, however, it is a useful adjunct to conventional ultrasound in diagnosing some special types of @entity0 .

title: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic findings of different histopathologic types of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Clinical PET of apoptosis may have substantial value in advancing @entity0 care. We report here the first-in- @entity0 study with @entity2 -labeled @entity3 ( @entity2 -ML-10), a small-molecule PET tracer for apoptosis. Presented are the dosimetry, biodistribution, stability, and safety profiles of this PET tracer in healthy @entity0 volunteers. Also reported is tracer binding to targeted apoptotic cells in testicular tissue, where a relative abundance of apoptotic cells is normally observed. METHODS: @entity2 -ML-10 (233    90 MBq) was intravenously administered to 8 healthy subjects, followed by whole-body PET/CT for 220 min. Serial blood and urine samples were collected for radioactivity measurement, and plasma tracer stability was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Dosimetry calculations were performed using OLINDA/EXM software. RESULTS: @entity2 -ML-10 manifested high stability in vivo and rapid distribution followed by fast clearance, with an elimination half-life of 1.3    0.1 and 1.1    0.2 h from the blood and from all other organs, respectively, and excretion through the urine. Dosimetry showed an average effective whole-body dose of 15.4    3.7  Sv/MBq, with the urinary bladder being the dose-limiting organ. Selective accumulation and retention of the tracer in the testes was observed in all male subjects, a finding also demonstrated in @entity1 using both small-animal PET and histopathology, confirming binding to apoptotic cells. Administration of @entity2 -ML-10 was safe, without adverse effects. CONCLUSION: @entity2 -ML-10 administered to healthy @entity0 demonstrated a favorable dosimetry, biodistribution, stability, and safety profile. Binding to apoptotic sites was also demonstrated. These data support further development of this small-molecule probe for clinical PET of apoptosis.

title: 18F-ML-10, a PET tracer for apoptosis: first XXXX study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: This work provides a quantitative assessment of the positional tracking accuracy of the @entity2 Wave Speech Research System. METHOD: Three experiments were completed: (a) static rigid-body tracking across different locations in the electromagnetic field volume, (b) dynamic rigid-body tracking across different locations within the electromagnetic field volume, and (c) @entity0 jaw-movement tracking during speech. Rigid-body experiments were completed for 4 different instrumentation settings, permuting 2 electromagnetic field volume sizes with and without automated reference sensor processing. RESULTS: Within the anthropometrically pertinent "near field" (< 200 mm) of the @entity2 Wave field generator, at the 300-mm(3) volume setting, 88% of dynamic positional errors were < 0.5 mm and 98% were < 1.0 mm. Extreme tracking errors (> 2 mm) occurred within the near field for < 1% of position samples. For @entity0 jaw-movement tracking, 95% of position samples had < 0.5 mm errors for 9 out of 10 subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Static tracking accuracy is modestly superior to dynamic tracking accuracy. Dynamic tracking accuracy is best for the 300-mm(3) field setting in the 200-mm near field. The use of automated head correction has no deleterious effect on tracking. Tracking errors for @entity1 during speech are typically < 0.5 mm.

title: Accuracy of the XXXX wave speech research system.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To observe the changes in the antioxidative defense enzymes and to detect the alterations of renal microscopy after carbon tetrachloride ( @entity2 ) administration in @entity1 and to investigate the possible protective effects of betaine against @entity2 -induced @entity0 . METHODS: Thirty-two adult @entity1 were divided into four groups as follows: control group, betaine group, @entity2 group, and @entity2 + betaine group. @entity2 was given subcutaneously at 1 mL/kg. In the @entity2 + betaine group, @entity1 were pretreated with betaine, then exposed to @entity2 at the same dose. Betaine group @entity1 received concentrated betaine solution. The @entity1 were killed and the kidneys taken for enzyme analyses and histologic examination. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities were measured in right kidney homogenates. Left kidneys were processed for light microscopic evaluation. RESULTS: In the @entity2 -treated group, significant increases in kidney superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity were observed (P <0.01). These changes were found to be normalized in the @entity2 + betaine group. Betaine did not change the enzyme activities. Exposure to @entity2 resulted in glomerular and tubular alterations in the renal cortex. These alterations were found to be prevented by betaine pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that exposure to @entity2 leads to @entity0 in @entity1 and betaine exerts an improvement on nephrotoxic effects of @entity2 .

title: Carbon tetrachloride-induced nephrotoxicity and protective effect of betaine in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of @entity0 ( @entity1 ) on @entity2 deep dorsal penile vein and to characterize the muscarinic receptor subtypes involved in this response. METHODS: Vein rings were mounted in an organ bath chamber, and the isometric tension was recorded. RESULTS: In @entity3 -contracted veins, @entity1 (1 nM to 1 microM) induced endothelium-dependent relaxation. The muscarinic receptor antagonist, @entity4 , produced parallel rightward shifts of the @entity1 response curves (pA2 = 10.04; pK(B) = 9.98). @entity6 (10 nM to 100 microM) also evoked relaxation in the vein segments, but showed a lower potency and similar relaxation to that induced by @entity1 . @entity5 , the high, intermediate, and low-affinity antagonist for M1, M3, and M2 receptors, respectively, inhibited @entity1 and @entity6 -induced relaxation, yielding pA2 values of 7.51 and 7.37, and pK(B) values of 7.38 and 7.28, respectively. @entity7 , a high-affinity M2 antagonist, showed no significant effect on the response to @entity1 . However, a high-affinity M3 antagonist, pFHHSiD, potently blocked the relaxation induced by @entity6 and @entity1 , yielding pA2 and pK(B) values of 7.72 and 7.70 for pFHHSiD against @entity1 , respectively, and of 7.77 and 7.65 against @entity6 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that @entity1 induces an endothelium-dependent relaxation in @entity2 deep dorsal penile vein. The antagonist profile suggests that M3 muscarinic receptors mediate @entity1 -induced relaxation in this tissue.

title: Muscarinic receptor subtypes mediate vasorelaxation in isolated XXXX deep dorsal penile vein.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity7 was metabolized by @entity0 liver microsomes to @entity8 and @entity9 . The results were confirmed by using a reconstituted cytochrome P-450 oxygenase system purified from @entity1 -induced @entity0 liver which established its involvement. SKF-525A strongly inhibited the formation of both oxygenation products. Cytochrome P-450 alone brought about the conversion of the @entity3 to its @entity2 . @entity4 augmented the peroxidative reaction, but the presence of @entity4 -cytochrome P-450 reductase was without effect. Certain microsomal preparations and reconstituted enzyme yielded little or no detectable amounts of @entity3 . This was due to a too rapid conversion of the @entity3 to its @entity2 . The addition of @entity6 , a compound that inhibited such conversion, resulted in accumulation of @entity8 for positive identification. Incubation of @entity7 with microsomes and @entity4 resulted in covalent binding of its metabolite to microsomal proteins. Incubation of @entity5 -labeled @entity8 caused covalent binding of label to proteins, RNA, and DNA.

title: Hydroperoxidation by cytochrome P-450 oxygenase: metabolism of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Neiguan (PC-6) is a traditional acupoint in each forearm and overlies the trunk of the median nerve. Previous studies show that electroacupuncture (EA) at the Neiguan acupoint could improve not only myocardial @entity6 by inducing a @entity8 response but also recover @entity3 by inducing a pressor response. However, their physiological mechanisms are not yet elucidated. We investigated the pressor effect of Neiguan EA and its mechanism by focusing on left ventricular (LV) performance in a @entity1 @entity3 model. We hemorrhaged 36 anesthetized and thoracotomized mongrel @entity1 and decreased LV end-systolic pressure (ESP) to approximately 70 mmHg (35% decrease). We obtained LV pressure-volume (P-V) data with a micromanometer catheter and a conductance catheter. One-hour Neiguan EA significantly recovered the decreased ESP, end-diastolic volume, and @entity0 volume by 32 +/- 13%, 27 +/- 13%, and 39 +/- 17%, respectively (P < 0.05), without changing heart rate and the slope of the end-systolic P-V relation. Neiguan EA inhibited a @entity2 -induced increase in plasma @entity5 . However, @entity7 (neuromuscular blocking agent) administration abolished the antihypotension effect of Neiguan EA. Furthermore, Neiguan EA was much more effective than a nonacupoint thigh EA. We conclude that Neiguan EA achieved the antihypotension effect by improving LV filling of the @entity2 -depressed LV performance despite the inhibition of the @entity2 -increased plasma @entity5 . This pressor effect seemed to accompany an @entity4 by Neiguan EA-increased vasomotor tone and muscle pump. This study demonstrated a scientific basis for the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of @entity3 and shock.

title: Pressor effect of electroacupuncture on XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a common sleep-related @entity2 . Associations among @entity1 ( @entity1 ), Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), body habitus differences, and @entity4 may clarify the characteristics of @entity0 with @entity1 . In order to test this hypothesis, we aimed to compare the RMR, Modified Mallampati Scores (MMS), anthropometric measurements and body composition of male @entity1 @entity0 with simple snorers and to investigate the association among these parameters. METHODS: MMS were calculated, overnight polysomnography was performed, body mass index, neck, shoulder, chest, waist, hip and abdomen circumferences, body fat amount and ratio, lean body weight, body water amount and RMR were measured for all of the @entity0 . @entity0 : Ninety-eight male @entity0 with suspected @entity1 were included in the study. RESULTS: Fifty-one @entity0 were diagnosed as @entity1 and 47 @entity0 were diagnosed as simple snorers. RMR, total body water, neck, shoulder and chest circumferences were significantly higher in @entity1 @entity0 than the simple snorers. The majority of the simple snorers was seen to have a MMS of stage 2 whereas @entity1 @entity0 had MMS of stages 3 and 4. @entity1 was significantly correlated with neck, shoulder, chest circumferences, total body water amount, @entity3 and RMR. Chest girth was found as the most important single predictor of @entity2 in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the increased RMR and chest circumference might have occurred due to the condition resulting from the elevated @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity1 . Mallampati score should be routinely evaluated in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Resting metabolic rate and anthropometric measurements in male XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a common sleep-related @entity2 . Associations among @entity1 ( @entity1 ), Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), body habitus differences, and @entity4 may clarify the characteristics of @entity0 with @entity1 . In order to test this hypothesis, we aimed to compare the RMR, Modified Mallampati Scores (MMS), anthropometric measurements and body composition of male @entity1 @entity0 with simple snorers and to investigate the association among these parameters. METHODS: MMS were calculated, overnight polysomnography was performed, body mass index, neck, shoulder, chest, waist, hip and abdomen circumferences, body fat amount and ratio, lean body weight, body water amount and RMR were measured for all of the @entity0 . @entity0 : Ninety-eight male @entity0 with suspected @entity1 were included in the study. RESULTS: Fifty-one @entity0 were diagnosed as @entity1 and 47 @entity0 were diagnosed as simple snorers. RMR, total body water, neck, shoulder and chest circumferences were significantly higher in @entity1 @entity0 than the simple snorers. The majority of the simple snorers was seen to have a MMS of stage 2 whereas @entity1 @entity0 had MMS of stages 3 and 4. @entity1 was significantly correlated with neck, shoulder, chest circumferences, total body water amount, @entity3 and RMR. Chest girth was found as the most important single predictor of @entity2 in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the increased RMR and chest circumference might have occurred due to the condition resulting from the elevated @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity1 . Mallampati score should be routinely evaluated in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Resting metabolic rate and anthropometric measurements in male @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0