abstract: This evidence-based article reviews risk indicators and management of @entity4 . @entity1 and hyposalivation refer to different aspects of @entity1 . @entity1 is a subjective sensation of @entity1 , whilst hyposalivation is defined as an objective assessment of reduced salivary flow rate. About 30% of the elderly (65 years and older) experience @entity1 and hyposalivation. Structural and functional factors, or both may lead to salivary gland dysfunction. The EBM literature search was conducted by using the medical literature database MEDLINE via PubMed and OvidMedline search engines. Results were limited to English language articles (1965 to present) including clinical trials (CT), randomized controlled trials (RCT), systematic reviews and review articles. Case control or cohort studies were included for the etiology. Neuropathic etiology such as localized oral alteration of thermal sensations, saliva composition change (for example higher levels of K, Cl, Ca, IgA, amylase, calcium, @entity0 and cortisol), lower levels of estrogen and progesterone, smaller salivary gland size, and illnesses such as @entity3 , are risk indicators for @entity4 . The management is palliative and preventative. Management of symptoms includes drug administration (systemic secretogogues, saliva substitutes and bile secretion-stimulator), night guard, diet and habit modifications. Other managements may be indicated to treat adverse effects. Neuropathic etiology, saliva composition change, smaller salivary gland size, and illnesses such as @entity2 can be suggestive causes for @entity4 . However, longitudinal studies will be important to elucidate the causes of @entity4 .

title: An evidence-based review literature about risk indicators and management of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Primary @entity8 are a rare type of @entity4 that account for less than 0.1% of primary @entity8 . We analyzed the experience of a single institution with @entity8 over 20 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case series, the medical records of 20 @entity0 with @entity8 were reviewed from June 1990 to December 2013 to identify symptoms at presentation, diagnostic procedures, @entity1 presence and development, histologic subtype, French F  d  ration Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le @entity2 grade, primary @entity2 grade and size, and treatment sequence, including surgery and preoperative and postoperative therapies. The average follow-up period was 23.6 months (range, 1.4-83.3 months). RESULTS: The average @entity0 age was 46.3  16.7 years. Most @entity0 presented with lower urinary tract symptoms (55%). The histologic subtype was spindle cell @entity3 in five @entity0 (25%), @entity7 in three @entity0 (15%), @entity9 in three @entity0 (15%), @entity10 in three @entity0 (15%), @entity6 in three @entity0 (15%), and @entity12 , nerve @entity2 , and @entity5 with @entity11 (5% each). For @entity10 , two @entity0 were alive after complete surgical resection and had a good prognosis. At last follow-up, 15 @entity0 had died of @entity3 . The 2- and 5-year actuarial survival rates for all 20 @entity0 were 53% and 12%, respectively (medial survival, 20 months). CONCLUSIONS: The disease-specific survival rate of @entity8 is poor. However, @entity3 that is detected early shows a better result with proper management including surgical intervention with radio-chemotherapy than with no treatment. Early diagnosis and complete surgical resection offer @entity0 the best curative chance.

title: Histologic variability and diverse oncologic outcomes of XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inactivating mutations in @entity7 ( @entity7 ) cause @entity6 ( @entity6 ), which is commonly characterized by decreased bone mineralization. @entity0 and @entity1 with @entity6 can also develop @entity3 and @entity5 , although the mechanism by which @entity7 deficiency causes these @entity5 is not yet known. Manifestations of @entity6 are heterogeneous in severity, and evidence from the literature suggests that much of this variability is mutation dependent. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of @entity3 and @entity5 in the @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 model of @entity1 @entity6 as an initial step toward better understanding penetrance of the @entity6 craniofacial phenotype. RESULTS: Despite similar deficiencies in alkaline phosphatase, @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 develop @entity3 and a brachycephalic/acrocephalic craniofacial shape of variable penetrance. Only those @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 with a severe @entity2 defect develop @entity3 and an abnormal craniofacial shape. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that variability of the @entity6 phenotype is not entirely dependent upon the type of genetic mutation and level of residual alkaline phosphatase activity. Additionally, despite a severity continuum of the @entity2 phenotype, craniofacial skeletal @entity4 and @entity3 occur only in the context of severely diminished bone mineralization in the @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 model of @entity6 . Developmental Dynamics 245:175-182, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Bone mineralization-dependent XXXX and @entity5 in the @entity1 model of infantile hypophosphatasia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inactivating mutations in @entity7 ( @entity7 ) cause @entity6 ( @entity6 ), which is commonly characterized by decreased bone mineralization. @entity0 and @entity1 with @entity6 can also develop @entity3 and @entity5 , although the mechanism by which @entity7 deficiency causes these @entity5 is not yet known. Manifestations of @entity6 are heterogeneous in severity, and evidence from the literature suggests that much of this variability is mutation dependent. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of @entity3 and @entity5 in the @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 model of @entity1 @entity6 as an initial step toward better understanding penetrance of the @entity6 craniofacial phenotype. RESULTS: Despite similar deficiencies in alkaline phosphatase, @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 develop @entity3 and a brachycephalic/acrocephalic craniofacial shape of variable penetrance. Only those @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 with a severe @entity2 defect develop @entity3 and an abnormal craniofacial shape. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that variability of the @entity6 phenotype is not entirely dependent upon the type of genetic mutation and level of residual alkaline phosphatase activity. Additionally, despite a severity continuum of the @entity2 phenotype, craniofacial skeletal @entity4 and @entity3 occur only in the context of severely diminished bone mineralization in the @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 model of @entity6 . Developmental Dynamics 245:175-182, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Bone mineralization-dependent @entity3 and XXXX in the @entity1 model of infantile hypophosphatasia.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inactivating mutations in @entity7 ( @entity7 ) cause @entity6 ( @entity6 ), which is commonly characterized by decreased bone mineralization. @entity0 and @entity1 with @entity6 can also develop @entity3 and @entity5 , although the mechanism by which @entity7 deficiency causes these @entity5 is not yet known. Manifestations of @entity6 are heterogeneous in severity, and evidence from the literature suggests that much of this variability is mutation dependent. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis of @entity3 and @entity5 in the @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 model of @entity1 @entity6 as an initial step toward better understanding penetrance of the @entity6 craniofacial phenotype. RESULTS: Despite similar deficiencies in alkaline phosphatase, @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 develop @entity3 and a brachycephalic/acrocephalic craniofacial shape of variable penetrance. Only those @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 with a severe @entity2 defect develop @entity3 and an abnormal craniofacial shape. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that variability of the @entity6 phenotype is not entirely dependent upon the type of genetic mutation and level of residual alkaline phosphatase activity. Additionally, despite a severity continuum of the @entity2 phenotype, craniofacial skeletal @entity4 and @entity3 occur only in the context of severely diminished bone mineralization in the @entity7 (-/-) @entity1 model of @entity6 . Developmental Dynamics 245:175-182, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Bone mineralization-dependent @entity3 and @entity5 in the XXXX model of infantile hypophosphatasia.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: To study the clinical features, the diagnosis and treatment efficacy with @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 in a teaching hospital in Eastern Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: Clinical records of @entity0 with the diagnosis of @entity4 during the period from 2001 to 2012 were reviewed. Their presentation, radiologic, monometric and endoscopic findings as well as treatment outcome with @entity1 were reviewed. RESULTS Results: Thirty-one new @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity4 during the study period. The mean age at the diagnosis was 36 years, ranging from 14 to 85 years of age. Male to female ratio was 1.4: 1.7. Five @entity0 while waiting received 20mg of long acting @entity2 channel blockers ( @entity3 ) for four months without any impressive result and asked for @entity1 . @entity1 in one-year follow-up revealed 91% satisfaction and long term follow-up of 5 to 10 years showed 83% satisfaction of @entity0 . During procedure and follow-up, no significant complication was noted. CONCLUSIONSAchalasia effects all ages in both sexes. Graded @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a safe and effective form of symptomatic treatment of @entity4 without significant complication in the hands of experts.

title: Diagnosis and treatment of XXXX @entity0 : a ten-year review of the clinical features.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: To study the clinical features, the diagnosis and treatment efficacy with @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 in a teaching hospital in Eastern Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY: Clinical records of @entity0 with the diagnosis of @entity4 during the period from 2001 to 2012 were reviewed. Their presentation, radiologic, monometric and endoscopic findings as well as treatment outcome with @entity1 were reviewed. RESULTS Results: Thirty-one new @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity4 during the study period. The mean age at the diagnosis was 36 years, ranging from 14 to 85 years of age. Male to female ratio was 1.4: 1.7. Five @entity0 while waiting received 20mg of long acting @entity2 channel blockers ( @entity3 ) for four months without any impressive result and asked for @entity1 . @entity1 in one-year follow-up revealed 91% satisfaction and long term follow-up of 5 to 10 years showed 83% satisfaction of @entity0 . During procedure and follow-up, no significant complication was noted. CONCLUSIONSAchalasia effects all ages in both sexes. Graded @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a safe and effective form of symptomatic treatment of @entity4 without significant complication in the hands of experts.

title: Diagnosis and treatment of @entity4 XXXX : a ten-year review of the clinical features.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this work was to modernize recommendations for evaluation, staging, and response assessment of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ). A workshop was held at the 11th International Conference on @entity2 in Lugano, Switzerland, in June 2011, that included leading hematologists, oncologists, radiation oncologists, pathologists, radiologists, and nuclear medicine physicians, representing major international @entity2 clinical trials groups and @entity1 centers. Clinical and imaging subcommittees presented their conclusions at a subsequent workshop at the 12th International Conference on @entity2 , leading to revised criteria for staging and of the International Working Group Guidelines of 2007 for response. As a result, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)   computed tomography (CT) was formally incorporated into standard staging for FDG-avid @entity2 . A modification of the Ann Arbor descriptive terminology will be used for anatomic distribution of disease extent, but the suffixes A or B for symptoms will only be included for @entity3 . A bone marrow biopsy is no longer indicated for the routine staging of @entity3 and most diffuse large @entity4 . However, regardless of stage, general practice is to treat @entity0 based on limited (stages I and II, nonbulky) or advanced (stage III or IV) disease, with stage II bulky disease considered as limited or advanced disease based on histology and a number of prognostic factors. PET-CT will be used to assess response in FDG-avid histologies using the 5-point scale. The product of the perpendicular diameters of a single node can be used to identify progressive disease. Routine surveillance scans are discouraged. These recommendations should improve evaluation of @entity0 with @entity2 and enhance the ability to compare outcomes of clinical trials.

title: Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and XXXX : the Lugano classification.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Renal sinus fat (RSF) has been recognized as a risk factor for arterial @entity2 . This study was addressed to examine whether also para- and perirenal fat accumulation is associated to higher 24-h mean systolic ( @entity5 ) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels in overweight and @entity1 subjects. METHODS: A cohort of 42 overweight and @entity1 @entity0 , 29 @entity0 and 13 @entity0 , aged 25-55 years, not treated with any kind of drug, was examined. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting insulin and @entity3 serum levels, insulin resistance (assessed by using the homeostasis model assessment [HOMAIR]), and 24-h @entity4 urine levels were measured. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was measured with 15  min intervals from 7.0  a.m. to 11.0  a.m. and with 30  min intervals from 23.0 to 7.0 for consecutive 24  h, starting from 8:30  AM. Measurement of para- and perirenal fat thickness was performed by ultrasounds by a duplex Doppler apparatus. RESULTS: Para- and perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness (PUFT) was significantly and positively correlated with WC (p   <   0.01), insulin (p   <   0.01), HOMAIR (p   <   0.01), and 24-h mean DBP levels (p   <   0.05). 24-h mean DBP was also significantly and positively correlated with 24-h @entity4 urine concentrations (p   <   0.001). A multivariate analysis by multiple linear regression was performed; the final model showed that the association of 24-h mean DBP as dependent variable with PUFT (multiple R   =   0.34; p   =   0.026) and daily @entity4 production (multiple R   =   0.59; p = 0.001) was independent of other anthropometric, hormone and metabolic parameters. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: This study shows a positive independent association between PUFT and mean 24-h diastolic blood pressure levels in overweight and @entity1 subjects, suggesting a possible direct role of PUFT in increasing daily diastolic blood pressure.

title: Para- and perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness is associated with 24-hours mean diastolic blood pressure levels in overweight and XXXX subjects.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The role of advanced @entity1 life support (ATLS) in the prehospital care of the critically injured is highly controversial. This study analyzes the efficacy of ATLS in the management of critical penetrating wounds of the thorax and abdomen. In the 2 1/2-year period ending July 1984, 203 consecutive @entity0 underwent emergency laparotomy or thoracotomy for gunshot and stab wounds. All @entity0 were treated in the field by advanced paramedics (EMT-P). For gunshot wounds the mean time (+/- S.E.M.) responding to the scene was 4.5 (+/- 0.29) minutes, on the scene 10.1 (+/- 0.41) minutes, and returning to the hospital 6.4 (+/- 0.32) minutes. For stab wounds the mean time responding to the scene was 4.8 (+/- 0.21) minutes, on the scene 9.5 (+/- 0.37) minutes, and returning to the hospital 5.7 (+ 0.30) minutes. The number of intravenous lines started averaged 1.8 per @entity0 . Eighty-one @entity0 had PASG applied and 28 @entity0 underwent endotracheal intubation (21 orally, seven nasally). Thirty-three @entity0 had no obtainable blood pressure, of whom six survived (18%). One hundred sixty (94%) of the remaining 170 @entity0 who had any initial blood pressure survived. One hundred nine (55%) @entity0 had an increase in BP greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg (average, 35.6 mm Hg), 64 (32%) had no significant change, and 25 (13%) had a fall greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg (average, 24.2 mm Hg) from the field to the emergency department. Twenty (80%) of the 25 @entity0 with a fall in blood pressure survived.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Prehospital advanced XXXX life support for critical penetrating wounds to the thorax and abdomen.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infiximab has been shown to be highly effective in phase III clinical trials, but limited information is available regarding drug survival and maintenance of efficacy beyond 1 year in real-life clinical setting. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the efficacy and safety of infliximab in a large number of @entity0 with a long follow-up and to identify clinical factors associated with long-term drug survival. METHODS: A retrospective review of @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 treated with infliximab from March 2004 to August 2012 at a tertiary dermatology centre was carried out. RESULTS: In total, 63 treatment courses with infliximab were administered to 56 @entity0 . The mean duration of treatment was 31.6 months. The only significant positive predictor of drug survival was combination treatment [hazard ratio (HR) vs. monotherapy 2.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.42   5.92]. Significant negative predictors of drug survival were @entity1 (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.19   0.87) and infusion reactions (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.19   0.87). Infusion reactions occurred in 13 (23%) of our @entity0 and were a reason for discontinuation of treatment in 5. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective review of a cohort of @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 treated with infliximab in daily practice shows that the PASI75 response rates at 24 and 52 weeks of treatment are similar to those of the pivotal studies, but 37 courses of treatment (59%) had to be discontinued after a median of 12 months. The major cause for discontinuation was loss of response, in 18 cases. Combination treatment, @entity1 and infusion reactions were found to be predictors of drug survival.

title: Long-term study of infliximab for XXXX in daily practice: drug survival depends on combined treatment, @entity1 and infusion reactions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infiximab has been shown to be highly effective in phase III clinical trials, but limited information is available regarding drug survival and maintenance of efficacy beyond 1 year in real-life clinical setting. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the efficacy and safety of infliximab in a large number of @entity0 with a long follow-up and to identify clinical factors associated with long-term drug survival. METHODS: A retrospective review of @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 treated with infliximab from March 2004 to August 2012 at a tertiary dermatology centre was carried out. RESULTS: In total, 63 treatment courses with infliximab were administered to 56 @entity0 . The mean duration of treatment was 31.6 months. The only significant positive predictor of drug survival was combination treatment [hazard ratio (HR) vs. monotherapy 2.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.42   5.92]. Significant negative predictors of drug survival were @entity1 (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.19   0.87) and infusion reactions (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.19   0.87). Infusion reactions occurred in 13 (23%) of our @entity0 and were a reason for discontinuation of treatment in 5. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective review of a cohort of @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 treated with infliximab in daily practice shows that the PASI75 response rates at 24 and 52 weeks of treatment are similar to those of the pivotal studies, but 37 courses of treatment (59%) had to be discontinued after a median of 12 months. The major cause for discontinuation was loss of response, in 18 cases. Combination treatment, @entity1 and infusion reactions were found to be predictors of drug survival.

title: Long-term study of infliximab for @entity2 in daily practice: drug survival depends on combined treatment, XXXX and infusion reactions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 to bone occur in about 70% of @entity1 with metastatic prostate and @entity0 . Unfortunately, bone metastases result in significant morbidity and mortality and treatment options are limited. Thus, significant effort has focused on understanding the mechanisms that @entity3 dissemination to bone. Bone metastases are typically characterized by a self-perpetuating 'vicious' cycle wherein @entity3 cells and bone-resorbing cells (osteoclasts) are locked in a cycle that leads to osteoclast-driven bone destruction and the release of bone-stored factors that in turn stimulate @entity3 cell proliferation and survival. To break this 'vicious' cycle, potent antiresorptive agents such as zoledronic acid (ZOL) have been used. However, in the clinical setting, ZOL failed to improve the overall survival of @entity3 @entity1 even though it inhibited osteoclast resorptive activity. Thus, other cells in addition to osteoclasts are likely involved in modulating @entity3 growth in the bone. The immune system has the ability to eliminate @entity3 cells. Nevertheless, @entity3 cells can acquire the ability to escape immune control. Our recent observations indicated that a decline in the ability of the immune cells to recognize and kill the @entity3 drives @entity3 dissemination to bone even when osteoclasts are inhibited by potent antiresorptive agents. This review focuses on the antitumor and protumor effects of various immune cell populations involved in the bone metastatic process. We also discuss strategies to enhance antitumor immune responses and bypass @entity3 immune resistance.

title: Immune regulation of bone XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The findings from recent fundamental and clinical studies of the efficacy of @entity2 ( @entity3 ) in obstetrics and gynecology are reported in this paper. The @entity3 concentrations in genital tissues sampled 30 to 56 minutes (a mean of 41.4 minutes) after intravenous injection of 1 g of the drug were 14 to 76 micrograms/g (a mean of 32.4 micrograms/g). The mean transfer ratios of the drug into the genital tissues to the concentration in the uterine arterial blood were such that the transfer ratio into the portio vaginalis was the highest, followed by the uterine cervix and the myometrium, and that into the oviduct was the lowest with about 1/2 that into the portio vaginalis. The concentration in the antecubital venous blood and that in the uterine arterial blood remained similar for all @entity0 . The transfer of @entity3 into the pelvic dead space exudate reached a peak (49.5 micrograms/ml) 1 hour, and also a peak (49.8 micrograms/ml) 2 hours after the intravenous injection. It then decreased gradually, but remained high, being higher than that in the antecubital venous blood about 50 minutes after the intravenous injection. Ten @entity0 with @entity1 in gynecology were treated with 1.0 to 4.0 g daily of @entity3 , to a total dose of 6 to 52 g, over a period of 3 to 13 days. One of them showed excellent response, 8 showed moderate response, and another showed poor response to the treatment: in other words, a response rate of 90% was achieved. Bacteriologically, pathogens were eradicated from 3 and decreased in 3, and microbial substitution occurred in another @entity0 . No side effects of the drug were observed except for eruption in 1 @entity0 . None of the 10 @entity0 showed any abnormalities in laboratory findings. From the present fundamental and clinical studies of @entity3 , we have drawn the conclusion that the drug is one of extremely useful antibiotics in the treatment of @entity1 in obstetrics and gynecology.

title: [Fundamental and clinical studies of XXXX in obstetrics and gynecology].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fundamental, clinical studies on @entity8 ( @entity9 ), a new synthetic antibiotic of @entity7 was conducted to obtain results as follows. This preparation, 11.4-50 mg/kg was administered to 11 cases of @entity0 by intravenous drip infusion for 30 minutes, and serum levels were studied. The highest serum level at the completion of infusion was 40.0-138.0 mcg/ml. A dose response was observed. The half-life in serum averaged 1.55 hours except 2.4 hours observed with 1 case of @entity3 . When the urinary excretion during 30 minutes drip infusion was examined, the urinary recovery rate at 0-6 hours in 2 cases of @entity0 averaged 17.2% and was low at 5.3% in 1 case of @entity4 . In terms of the clinical effect on @entity6 in pediatric field, @entity9 proved effective in all of the 21 cases in which it was used alone. And it showed an excellent antibacterial activity against all the bacteria isolated from cases used as the subjects. When side effects were studied, @entity2 and slight @entity3 were observed, but all were transient. As a result of a study on the @entity1 of @entity9 , @entity9 was deemed as being a drug which hardly causes disturbance of renal tubules judging from the aspect of the beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity in urine and variations in the urine @entity5 levels.

title: [Fundamental and clinical studies on @entity8 in pediatrics, with special reference to XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Fundamental, clinical studies on @entity8 ( @entity9 ), a new synthetic antibiotic of @entity7 was conducted to obtain results as follows. This preparation, 11.4-50 mg/kg was administered to 11 cases of @entity0 by intravenous drip infusion for 30 minutes, and serum levels were studied. The highest serum level at the completion of infusion was 40.0-138.0 mcg/ml. A dose response was observed. The half-life in serum averaged 1.55 hours except 2.4 hours observed with 1 case of @entity3 . When the urinary excretion during 30 minutes drip infusion was examined, the urinary recovery rate at 0-6 hours in 2 cases of @entity0 averaged 17.2% and was low at 5.3% in 1 case of @entity4 . In terms of the clinical effect on @entity6 in pediatric field, @entity9 proved effective in all of the 21 cases in which it was used alone. And it showed an excellent antibacterial activity against all the bacteria isolated from cases used as the subjects. When side effects were studied, @entity2 and slight @entity3 were observed, but all were transient. As a result of a study on the @entity1 of @entity9 , @entity9 was deemed as being a drug which hardly causes disturbance of renal tubules judging from the aspect of the beta-D-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity in urine and variations in the urine @entity5 levels.

title: [Fundamental and clinical studies on XXXX in pediatrics, with special reference to @entity1 ].

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 leads to @entity5 resistance, whereas @entity5 resistance decreases renal excretion of @entity4 , both mechanisms link elevated serum @entity4 with @entity3 . The aim of this study is to evaluate the probability for the development of @entity3 in low-income young adults with hyperuricaemia. METHODS: We evaluated 103 @entity0 less than 40 years of age, from a low-income population, and without history of @entity2 , in all of them the presence of @entity3 was assessed in accordance with the International @entity1 Federation criteria. In all patients, fasting serum @entity4 levels were measured; hyperuricaemia was defined as serum @entity4 values > 6.5 mg/dl in @entity0 and > 5.1 mg/dl in @entity0 . Statistical analysis was performed with odds ratio. RESULTS: 83 of our @entity0 (80.5%) suffered @entity3 , the odds ratio for the presence of @entity3 in @entity0 with hyperuricaemia was 5.1 (p=0.002, I.C 1.8- 14.5). When @entity0 were evaluated by gender a significantly association between hyperuricaemia and @entity3 was found in @entity0 (odds ratio 3.6, p=0.048, C.I. 1.0-12.9), and @entity0 (odds ratio 10.2, p= 0.015, IC 1.5-13.2). When @entity4 was correlated with the components of @entity3 , we only found a positive correlation with waist circumference (r=0.483). CONCLUSION: Our results shown a significantly association between @entity6 and @entity3 in low-income young adults in Mexico.

title: CIRCULATING LEVELS OF XXXX AND RISK FOR METABOLIC SYNDROME.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The goal of this study was to elucidate the risk factors for duodenal stump leakage after gastrectomy for @entity2 . In addition, the management of duodenal stump leakage is reviewed. METHODOLOGY: From January 2002 through December 2012, 1,195 @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent gastric R0 resection were enrolled in this study. The clinicopathologic features, postoperative outcomes (i.e., operation time, hospital stay, surgical procedures, method of duodenal stump closure, retrieved lymph nodes), and the risk factors of duodenal stump leakage were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 1,195 @entity0 , 13 @entity0 (1.1%) suffered duodenal stump leakage. Most of the @entity0 with duodenal stump leakage were male (92.3%). Nine @entity0 underwent a subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth- II or Roux-en-Y @entity1 ; the other four @entity0 underwent a total gastrectomy with a Roux-en-Y @entity1 . There were two mortalities. With univariate and multivariate analysis, age was the most predictable factor for duodenal stump leakage (p= 0.034, p=0.044) CONCLUSIONS: Duodenal stump leakage was affected by the age. For older @entity0 who undergo a radical gastrectomy for @entity2 , the surgeon must pay meticulous attention to the transection and mobilization of the duodenum in order to prevent duodenal stump leakage.

title: Risk factors for duodenal stump leakage after gastrectomy for XXXX and management technique of stump leakage.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The association between systemic inflammatory response and @entity2 biology has been well documented over the last decade. The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic role of neutrophilto- lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODOLOGY: A prospectively recorded database of 67 @entity0 who underwent surgical resection for @entity5 was reviewed. High and low NLR were defined with respect to the sample median, which was 1.92. Demographical, clinicopathological, and surgical characteristics were analyzed as well as disease free survival (DFS) rates according to NLR classification. RESULTS: We observed better disease free survival rates in @entity0 with low NLR compared to @entity0 with high NLR (85.7% and 69%, respectively; p=0.037). Estimated five-year overall and disease free survival rates were 95.1% and 78.7%, respectively. In univariate analysis @entity6 , @entity2 size, mitotic rate, presence of @entity3 , lymph node @entity1 , surgical margin status, risk category and NLR were associated with DFS. On multivariate analysis sarcomatosis (HR: 30.455), surgical margin status (HR: 4.228) and @entity3 (HR: 4.415) were found as independent prognostic factors for DFS. CONCLUSIONS: NLR can give information about inflammatory status, @entity2 aggressivity and prognosis in @entity5 @entity0 . It could be a new prognostic factor for @entity5 @entity0 .

title: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: could it be used in the clinic as prognostic marker for XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The risk of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is increased in the @entity0 group of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). @entity1 and @entity3 also shared some pathological mechanism. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of @entity1 associated with @entity3 exposure. METHODS AND FINDINGS: This study identified 3 mutually exclusive cohorts using the 1999-2010 Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to investigate the association between @entity3 and the risk of incident @entity1 . All @entity0 with @entity3 in 2000 were identified from the database of all enrollees as the @entity3 cohort. From the representative database of 1,000,000 enrollees randomly selected in 2010 (LHID2010), individuals without any @entity2 ( @entity2 ) during 1999-2010 were selected as the non- @entity2 cohort. Individuals who were not included in the non- @entity2 cohort and received dental scaling (DS) no more than two times per year during 1999-2010 were selected as the DS cohort from LHID2010. Using cox proportional regression analysis, hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (Cis) were calculated to quantify the association between @entity3 exposure and @entity1 development. In the three-group comparison using the non- @entity2 cohort as reference, we found that the risk of @entity1 was higher in the @entity3 and DS cohorts (HRs, 1.89 and 1.43; 95% CIs, 1.56-2.29 and 1.09-1.87, respectively). For comparisons between two cohorts, the @entity3 cohort had a higher risk of @entity1 than the non- @entity2 and DS cohorts (HRs, 1.91 and 1.35; 95% CIs, 1.57-2.30 and 1.09-1.67, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity3 was associated with an increased risk of @entity1 development.

title: XXXX Risk Associated with Periodontitis Exposure: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A multicenter, prospective review of surgical @entity0 with adult @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: Assessment of the incidence, risk factor, and impact of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on health-related quality of life measures. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: This study provides assessment of the incidence of @entity2 in adult @entity1 surgery and impact of these complications on need for reoperation. Risk factors for development of @entity2 are also assessed, as well as the impact of these complications on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes measures. METHODS: A multicenter, prospective database of surgical @entity0 with adult @entity1 was reviewed. All @entity0 with complete 2-year follow-up were included. HRQOL was measured using the @entity3 Index, General Health Survey (36-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-36]), and Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22r) at baseline, 6 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. Univariate testing was performed as appropriate. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to determine independent predictors of @entity2 . Multivariate repeated-measures mixed models were used to examine HRQOL, accounting for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 245 @entity0 met inclusion criteria. The incidence of @entity2 was 31.7% and 52.6% of those @entity0 required reoperation. Rod breakage accounted for 47% of the implant-related complications, and proximal junctional kyphosis accounted for 54.5% of radiographical complications. Univariate analysis identified the following potential risk factors for @entity2 : weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, revision, stopping the fusion in the lower thoracic spine, worse SRS-Schwab classification modifiers (pelvic tilt++, pelvic incidence minus @entity4 ++, sagittal vertical axis++), higher T1 spinopelvic inclination, and higher T1 slope. Independent predictors of @entity2 as identified on multivariate logistic regression included American Society of Anesthesiologists (odds ratio: 1.75, P = 0.029) and sagittal vertical axis modifier ++ (odds ratio 3.43, P = 0.0001). The @entity2 and no @entity2 groups each experienced significant improvement over time, as measured on the @entity3 Index (P = 0.0001), SF-36 (P = 0.0001), and SRS-22r (P = 0.0001). However, the rate of improvement over time was less for @entity0 with @entity2 (SRS-22r P = 0.043, SF-36 P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study identified that nearly one-third of @entity0 undergoing adult @entity1 surgery experienced a radiographical or implant-related complication, and that just more than one-half of these @entity0 experiencing complication required a reoperation within 2 years of surgery. These complications significantly affected HRQOL measures. Baseline @entity0 characteristics and parameters of the SRS-Schwab classification can be used to help identify those @entity0 at greater risk. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: Radiographical and Implant-Related Complications in Adult XXXX Surgery: Incidence, @entity0 Risk Factors, and Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A multicenter, prospective review of surgical @entity0 with adult @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: Assessment of the incidence, risk factor, and impact of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on health-related quality of life measures. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: This study provides assessment of the incidence of @entity2 in adult @entity1 surgery and impact of these complications on need for reoperation. Risk factors for development of @entity2 are also assessed, as well as the impact of these complications on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes measures. METHODS: A multicenter, prospective database of surgical @entity0 with adult @entity1 was reviewed. All @entity0 with complete 2-year follow-up were included. HRQOL was measured using the @entity3 Index, General Health Survey (36-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-36]), and Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22r) at baseline, 6 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years postoperatively. Univariate testing was performed as appropriate. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to determine independent predictors of @entity2 . Multivariate repeated-measures mixed models were used to examine HRQOL, accounting for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 245 @entity0 met inclusion criteria. The incidence of @entity2 was 31.7% and 52.6% of those @entity0 required reoperation. Rod breakage accounted for 47% of the implant-related complications, and proximal junctional kyphosis accounted for 54.5% of radiographical complications. Univariate analysis identified the following potential risk factors for @entity2 : weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, revision, stopping the fusion in the lower thoracic spine, worse SRS-Schwab classification modifiers (pelvic tilt++, pelvic incidence minus @entity4 ++, sagittal vertical axis++), higher T1 spinopelvic inclination, and higher T1 slope. Independent predictors of @entity2 as identified on multivariate logistic regression included American Society of Anesthesiologists (odds ratio: 1.75, P = 0.029) and sagittal vertical axis modifier ++ (odds ratio 3.43, P = 0.0001). The @entity2 and no @entity2 groups each experienced significant improvement over time, as measured on the @entity3 Index (P = 0.0001), SF-36 (P = 0.0001), and SRS-22r (P = 0.0001). However, the rate of improvement over time was less for @entity0 with @entity2 (SRS-22r P = 0.043, SF-36 P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study identified that nearly one-third of @entity0 undergoing adult @entity1 surgery experienced a radiographical or implant-related complication, and that just more than one-half of these @entity0 experiencing complication required a reoperation within 2 years of surgery. These complications significantly affected HRQOL measures. Baseline @entity0 characteristics and parameters of the SRS-Schwab classification can be used to help identify those @entity0 at greater risk. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: Radiographical and Implant-Related Complications in Adult @entity1 Surgery: Incidence, XXXX Risk Factors, and Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured by @entity3 clearance using venous samples is widely used. Capillary sampling on filter paper is easier to perform, may be less painful and spares the blood volume. The purpose of the study was to validate a blood spot method for measuring GFR in @entity0 aged 6 years or younger suffering from @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: We examined 32 @entity0 with @entity1 , median age (range) 3.0 (0.3-6.2) years. Seven venous samples (10, 30/60, 120, 180, 210, 240, 300 min) were collected and GFR based on all samples was calculated for reference. Following injection of @entity3 , blood spots were collected at 120, 180, 210 and 240 min and compared to the reference @entity3 clearance. RESULTS: Median (range) reference GFR was 65 (6-122) mL/ @entity2 .73 m(2). The 2, 3 and 4-point blood spot GFR were highly correlated to the reference GFR (r = 0.947, 0.945, 0.937). The mean relative bias between 2-point blood spot and reference GFR was 7.2%, and only 2.3% in the @entity0 with reference GFR < 60 mL/ @entity2 .73 m(2). The diagnostic accuracy for 2-point blood spot was: 87.5% and 96.9% within    15% (P15) and    30% (P30) of the reference GFR respectively. In @entity0 with GFR < 60 mL/ @entity2 .73 m(2), both P15 and P30 were 100%. CONCLUSIONS: GFR calculation based on blood spot @entity3 measurement is an alternative method to traditional venous @entity3 measurement in @entity0 . Our study demonstrates strong agreement between the blood spot and the venous GFR with acceptable bias, precision and diagnostic accuracy, especially in @entity0 with GFR < 60 mL/ @entity2 .73 m(2).

title: Glomerular filtration rate measured by XXXX clearance: A comparison of venous samples and capillary blood spots.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Several devices exist today to assist the intraoperative determination of skin flap perfusion. Laser-Assisted Indocyanine Green Dye Angiography (LAICGA) has been shown to accurately predict mastectomy @entity1 using quantitative perfusion values. The laser properties of the latest LAICGA device (SPY Elite) differ significantly from its predecessor system (SPY 2001), preventing direct translation of previous published data. The purpose of this study was to establish a mathematical relationship of perfusion values between these 2 devices. METHODS: Breast reconstruction @entity0 were prospectively enrolled into a clinical trial where skin flap evaluation and excision was based on quantitative SPY Q values previously established in the literature. Initial study @entity0 underwent mastectomy skin flap evaluation using both SPY systems simultaneously. Absolute perfusion unit (APU) values at identical locations on the breast were then compared graphically. RESULTS: 210 data points were identified on the same @entity0 (n = 4) using both SPY systems. A linear relationship (y = 2.9883x + 12.726) was identified with a high level or correlation (R(2) = 0.744). Previously published values using SPY 2001 (APU 3.7) provided a value of 23.8 APU on the SPY Elite. In addition, postoperative @entity1 in these @entity0 correlated to regions of skin identified with the SPY Elite with APU less than 23.8. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative comparison of LAICGA systems has provided direct correlation of perfusion values predictive of @entity1 that were previously established in the literature. An APU value of 3.7 from the SPY 2001 correlates to a SPY Elite APU value of 23.8.

title: Comparing quantitative values of two generations of laser-assisted indocyanine green dye angiography systems: can we predict XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study was aimed at analyzing the need for routine use of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) before performing orthotopic neobladder (ONB) after radical cystectomy for @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 233 @entity0 underwent radical cystectomy from January 2000 to June 2013. Of these, 151 (65.6%) @entity0 were planned for ONB. In the initial 109 (72%) @entity0 , @entity4 of urethral margin was performed, but, in the subsequent 42 (28%) @entity0 , frozen section of urethral margin was not sent. Impact of hydroureteronephrosis, @entity1 size and location of @entity1 in relation to the @entity3 on the status of the urethral margin was analyzed. RESULTS: Only three of the 109 (2.7%) @entity0 had a positive urethral margin. Two of them had ileal conduit and one, after negative re-resection, had ONB. Although none of the factors was found to be significant, all three @entity0 with a positive urethral margin had growth at the @entity3 and died of @entity1 at a mean follow up of 29.33    18.3 months, without urethral recurrence. Among the negative @entity4 (106), two @entity0 had recurrence in the penile urethra. The mean follow-up was 46.3    25.1 months. None of the @entity0 without @entity4 (42) had urethral recurrence at the mean follow-up of 36    9.3 months. Of the 28 @entity0 who had their growth located at the @entity3 , three had positive @entity4 , while none with growth away from the @entity3 had positive @entity4 . CONCLUSION: Routine @entity4 of the urethra before performing ONB can be avoided in those @entity0 where the @entity1 does not reach the @entity3 .

title: Is XXXX of the urethra at the time of radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder urinary diversion mandatory?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with somatic complaints are at increased risk for @entity2 during childhood. Whether this elevated risk extends into young adulthood - and to which specific disorders - has rarely been tested with long-term prospective-longitudinal community samples. Here we test whether frequent and recurring stomach aches, @entity1 , and @entity3 during childhood predict @entity2 in adulthood after accounting for childhood @entity4 and physical health status and psychosocial adversity. METHOD: The Great Smoky Mountains Study is a community representative sample with 1420 @entity0 . @entity0 /adolescents were assessed 4-7 times between ages 9-16 years. They were assessed again up to three times between ages 19-26 years. Childhood somatic complaints were coded when subjects or their parents reported frequent and recurrent @entity1 , or muscular/joint aches at some point when @entity0 were aged 9-16 years. @entity4 were assessed with the @entity0 and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment and the Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment. RESULTS: Frequent and recurrent somatic complaints in childhood predicted adulthood @entity2 . After controlling for potential confounders, predictions from childhood somatic complaints were specific to later @entity6 and generalized @entity5 . Long-term predictions did not differ by sex. Somatic complaints that persisted across developmental periods were associated with the highest risk for young adult @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 from the community with frequent and recurrent physical distress are at substantially increased risk for @entity2 during young adulthood. Preventions and interventions for somatic complaints could help alleviate this risk.

title: Childhood somatic complaints predict generalized XXXX and @entity6 during young adulthood in a community sample.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with somatic complaints are at increased risk for @entity2 during childhood. Whether this elevated risk extends into young adulthood - and to which specific disorders - has rarely been tested with long-term prospective-longitudinal community samples. Here we test whether frequent and recurring stomach aches, @entity1 , and @entity3 during childhood predict @entity2 in adulthood after accounting for childhood @entity4 and physical health status and psychosocial adversity. METHOD: The Great Smoky Mountains Study is a community representative sample with 1420 @entity0 . @entity0 /adolescents were assessed 4-7 times between ages 9-16 years. They were assessed again up to three times between ages 19-26 years. Childhood somatic complaints were coded when subjects or their parents reported frequent and recurrent @entity1 , or muscular/joint aches at some point when @entity0 were aged 9-16 years. @entity4 were assessed with the @entity0 and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment and the Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment. RESULTS: Frequent and recurrent somatic complaints in childhood predicted adulthood @entity2 . After controlling for potential confounders, predictions from childhood somatic complaints were specific to later @entity6 and generalized @entity5 . Long-term predictions did not differ by sex. Somatic complaints that persisted across developmental periods were associated with the highest risk for young adult @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 from the community with frequent and recurrent physical distress are at substantially increased risk for @entity2 during young adulthood. Preventions and interventions for somatic complaints could help alleviate this risk.

title: Childhood somatic complaints predict generalized @entity5 and XXXX during young adulthood in a community sample.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of @entity2 in the lung in octogenarians is limited by their health and functional status. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy is an established noninvasive treatment option for medically inoperable @entity0 , with a @entity4 profile that may be more tolerable in elderly @entity0 . METHODS: @entity0 more than 80  years old treated with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for @entity2 in the lung between January 2007 and August 2012 at a single institution were identified and retrospectively analyzed for @entity4 and survival. RESULTS: Thirty @entity0 were identified with a total of 32 lesions treated. @entity0 ranged in age from 80.8 to 90.7  years old (median 84.9) at the time of treatment. Twenty @entity0 had ECOG performance status 0-1, and 10 had performance status 2-3. Stage distribution at treatment was: stage I (20 @entity0 ), stage III (1), stage IV (1), and 8 recurrent @entity2 . @entity0 were treated to a median total dose of 54  Gy in 3 fractions (range 20-60  Gy in 1 to 5 fractions). Median follow up was 13  months (range 2-60 months). Fifteen @entity0 were still living at last review. There was one failure in field and one failure in the same lobe that was treated. One @entity0 died with progressive regional disease, and four died of progressive @entity1 . Three @entity0 had late grade 3 @entity6 with no grade 4 or 5 @entity4 . One @entity0 had late grade 2 @entity3 , and 3 @entity0 had late grade 1 @entity3 . Three @entity0 had grade 1 chest wall @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Octogenarians tolerated ablative treatment with minimal @entity4 . Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy is an option to consider in treatment of elderly @entity0 .

title: Stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy for XXXX in the lung in octogenarians: a retrospective single institution study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The English-language literature, from 1952 to 1979, was surveyed for all papers concerned with vascular @entity3 penetrating wounds of the neck, or carotid injuries in particular, and all valid, first-hand, adequately detailed cases of carotid arterial @entity3 were abstracted. The valid, first-hand, adequately detailed cases of carotid arterial @entity3 were abstracted. The current status of all our own hospital survivors who had been treated for carotid @entity6 was also established to add needed longitudinal perspective. In all, 722 cases were available for analysis. The mean age was 28 years, and the overall mortality rate was 21%. One hundred and eighty-six @entity0 presented with severe @entity2 . If they underwent arterial repair, 34% were better; if they had a carotid ligated, or were not treated surgically, only 14% improved (P = 0.01). Shock or @entity5 , independently, were significantly ominous (P less than 0.001), but there was no evidence to support @entity5 as a contraindication to restoring arterial continuity. Similarly, in the @entity0 with preoperative @entity2 , no data could be found to substantiate the contention that prompt arterial repair would yield better results than delayed repair. Follow-up status at 1 year was available for only 40 cases from the results than delayed repair. Follow-up status at 1 year was available for only 40 cases from the entire literature. Assessment of our own @entity0 , at a mean of 4.6 years after injury, uncovered multiple, persistent @entity1 , one stenotic arterial repair, two @entity4 , and an @entity7 .

title: Carotid arterial XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effect of @entity4 prophylaxis in elective colonic and rectal surgery was studied in a prospective double-blind trial in which @entity4 was compared with a placebo. Fifty-six @entity0 were included in the study, and the @entity0 were randomly allocated to the two groups. Twenty-five @entity0 received 2 gm of @entity4 the day before operation and 1.2 gm as a single daily dose for 5 days after operation. Twenty-one @entity0 were given placebos in the same dosage. Before operation all @entity0 were prepared with mechanical evacuation of the bowel. A significantly lower frequency of wound spesis, intraabdominal complications, and @entity3 was found in the @entity4 group as compared to the placebo group. The incidence was 4.0% and 36%, respectively. Following protectomy, @entity2 in the perineal area occurred in 33% and 43% of the respective groups. In the @entity4 -treated @entity0 , however, this was the only complication, whereas 50% of the @entity0 in the placebo group developed intraabdominal complications as well. After operation anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 8% of the @entity0 who received prophylactic @entity4 . In the control group 67% of the @entity0 had a positive postoperative anaerobic culture. @entity5 was isolated from 13 of 14 @entity0 with @entity1 in the placebo group. @entity5 was not isolated from any of the @entity4 -treated @entity0 . The study indicates that anaerobic bacteria are the major contributors to would @entity2 following colonic and rectal surgery and that @entity4 prophylaxis greatly reduces the frequency of @entity1 .

title: Systemic prophylaxis with XXXX ( @entity4 ) in elective surgery of the colon and rectum.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The effect of @entity4 prophylaxis in elective colonic and rectal surgery was studied in a prospective double-blind trial in which @entity4 was compared with a placebo. Fifty-six @entity0 were included in the study, and the @entity0 were randomly allocated to the two groups. Twenty-five @entity0 received 2 gm of @entity4 the day before operation and 1.2 gm as a single daily dose for 5 days after operation. Twenty-one @entity0 were given placebos in the same dosage. Before operation all @entity0 were prepared with mechanical evacuation of the bowel. A significantly lower frequency of wound spesis, intraabdominal complications, and @entity3 was found in the @entity4 group as compared to the placebo group. The incidence was 4.0% and 36%, respectively. Following protectomy, @entity2 in the perineal area occurred in 33% and 43% of the respective groups. In the @entity4 -treated @entity0 , however, this was the only complication, whereas 50% of the @entity0 in the placebo group developed intraabdominal complications as well. After operation anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 8% of the @entity0 who received prophylactic @entity4 . In the control group 67% of the @entity0 had a positive postoperative anaerobic culture. @entity5 was isolated from 13 of 14 @entity0 with @entity1 in the placebo group. @entity5 was not isolated from any of the @entity4 -treated @entity0 . The study indicates that anaerobic bacteria are the major contributors to would @entity2 following colonic and rectal surgery and that @entity4 prophylaxis greatly reduces the frequency of @entity1 .

title: Systemic prophylaxis with @entity4 ( XXXX ) in elective surgery of the colon and rectum.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to describe laboratory findings and imaging results for @entity4 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). STUDY DESIGN: Medical records were reviewed for @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 in a single @entity4 ( @entity4 ) over a 13-year period. RESULTS: Of the 8,241 @entity0 admitted to the @entity4 during the study period, 137 @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity2 . Imaging was reviewed for 101 @entity0 . @entity1 was found in 34% of @entity0 and vesicoureteral reflux was found in 21%. @entity1 was not associated with reflux (OR: 0.53 [95% CI: 0.18-1.5]). The sensitivity of urinalysis to detect a positive culture was 76%, and the specificity was 41%. Tests of cure for @entity3 were uniformly negative. CONCLUSION: @entity1 was common but not associated with reflux among @entity4 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 . Diagnostic criteria in this population are not well defined, and guidelines are needed for diagnosis and management of UTIs in @entity4 @entity0 .

title: XXXX in a @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to describe laboratory findings and imaging results for @entity4 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). STUDY DESIGN: Medical records were reviewed for @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 in a single @entity4 ( @entity4 ) over a 13-year period. RESULTS: Of the 8,241 @entity0 admitted to the @entity4 during the study period, 137 @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity2 . Imaging was reviewed for 101 @entity0 . @entity1 was found in 34% of @entity0 and vesicoureteral reflux was found in 21%. @entity1 was not associated with reflux (OR: 0.53 [95% CI: 0.18-1.5]). The sensitivity of urinalysis to detect a positive culture was 76%, and the specificity was 41%. Tests of cure for @entity3 were uniformly negative. CONCLUSION: @entity1 was common but not associated with reflux among @entity4 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 . Diagnostic criteria in this population are not well defined, and guidelines are needed for diagnosis and management of UTIs in @entity4 @entity0 .

title: @entity2 in a XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS) has issued guidance regarding the use of reoperation rates in the revalidation of UK-based orthopaedic surgeons. Currently, little has been published concerning acceptable rates of reoperation following primary surgical management of orthopaedic @entity1 , particularly with reference to revalidation. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of @entity0 undergoing clearly defined reoperations following primary surgical management of @entity1 between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2011. A full case note review was undertaken to establish the demographics, clinical course and context of reoperation. A review of the imaging was performed to establish whether the procedure performed was in line with accepted @entity1 practice and whether the technical execution was acceptable. RESULTS: A total of 3,688 @entity0 underwent primary procedures within the time period studied while 70 (1.90%, 99% CI: 1.39-2.55) required an unplanned reoperation. Thirty-nine (56%) of these @entity0 were male. The mean age of @entity0 was 56 years (range: 18-98 years) and there was a median time to reoperation of 50 days (IQR: 13-154 days). Potentially avoidable reoperations occurred in 41 @entity0 (58.6%, 99% CI: 43.2-72.6). This was largely due to technical errors (40 @entity0 , 57.1%, 99% CI: 41.8-71.3), representing 1.11% (99% CI: 0.73-1.64) of the total @entity1 workload. Within RCS guidelines, 28-day reoperation rates for hip, wrist and @entity2 were 1.4% (99% CI: 0.5-3.3), 3.5% (99% CI: 0.8%-12.1) and 1.86% (99% CI: 0.4-6.6) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We present novel work that has established baseline reoperation rates for index procedures required for revalidation of orthopaedic surgeons.

title: The epidemiology of reoperations for orthopaedic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT @entity5 after C3-6 laminoplasty has been reported to be significantly lesser than that after C3-7 laminoplasty because of the preservation of the @entity8 spinous process and the attachment of nuchal muscles such as the trapezius and @entity3 , which are connected to the scapula. The @entity6 spinous process is the second longest spinous process after that of @entity8 , and it serves as an attachment point for these muscles. The effect of preserving the @entity6 spinous process and its muscular attachment, in addition to preservation of the @entity8 spinous process, on the prevention of @entity5 is not well understood. The purpose of the current study was to clarify whether preservation of the paraspinal muscles of the @entity6 spinous process reduces @entity1 compared to that after using nonpreservation techniques. METHODS The authors studied 60 @entity0 who underwent C3-6 double-door laminoplasty for the treatment of cervical spondylotic @entity2 or cervical @entity4 ; the minimum follow-up period was 1 year. Twenty-five @entity0 underwent a @entity6 paraspinal muscle preservation technique, and 35 underwent a @entity6 nonpreservation technique. A visual analog scale (VAS) and VAS grading (Grades I-IV) were used to assess @entity5 1-3 months after surgery and at the final follow-up examination. @entity5 was classified as being 1 of 5 types, and its location was divided into 5 areas. The potential correlation between the @entity7 spinous process length ratio and @entity5 was examined. RESULTS The mean VAS scores (   SD) for @entity5 were comparable between the C6-preservation group and the C6-nonpreservation group in both the early and late postoperative stages (4.1    3.1 vs 4.0    3.2 and 3.8    2.9 vs 3.6    3.0, respectively). The distribution of VAS grades was comparable in the 2 groups in both postoperative stages. Stiffness was the most prevalent complaint in both groups (64.0% and 54.5%, respectively), and the suprascapular region was the most common site in both groups (60.0% and 57.1%, respectively). The types and locations of @entity5 were also similar between the groups. The @entity7 spinous process length ratios were similar in the groups, and they did not correlate with @entity5 . The reductions of range of motion and changes in sagittal alignment after surgery were also similar. CONCLUSIONS The @entity6 paraspinal muscle preservation technique was not superior to the C6-nonpreservation technique for preventing @entity1 .

title: Effect of preservation of the XXXX spinous process and its paraspinal muscular attachment on the prevention of @entity1 in C3-6 laminoplasty.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT @entity5 after C3-6 laminoplasty has been reported to be significantly lesser than that after C3-7 laminoplasty because of the preservation of the @entity8 spinous process and the attachment of nuchal muscles such as the trapezius and @entity3 , which are connected to the scapula. The @entity6 spinous process is the second longest spinous process after that of @entity8 , and it serves as an attachment point for these muscles. The effect of preserving the @entity6 spinous process and its muscular attachment, in addition to preservation of the @entity8 spinous process, on the prevention of @entity5 is not well understood. The purpose of the current study was to clarify whether preservation of the paraspinal muscles of the @entity6 spinous process reduces @entity1 compared to that after using nonpreservation techniques. METHODS The authors studied 60 @entity0 who underwent C3-6 double-door laminoplasty for the treatment of cervical spondylotic @entity2 or cervical @entity4 ; the minimum follow-up period was 1 year. Twenty-five @entity0 underwent a @entity6 paraspinal muscle preservation technique, and 35 underwent a @entity6 nonpreservation technique. A visual analog scale (VAS) and VAS grading (Grades I-IV) were used to assess @entity5 1-3 months after surgery and at the final follow-up examination. @entity5 was classified as being 1 of 5 types, and its location was divided into 5 areas. The potential correlation between the @entity7 spinous process length ratio and @entity5 was examined. RESULTS The mean VAS scores (   SD) for @entity5 were comparable between the C6-preservation group and the C6-nonpreservation group in both the early and late postoperative stages (4.1    3.1 vs 4.0    3.2 and 3.8    2.9 vs 3.6    3.0, respectively). The distribution of VAS grades was comparable in the 2 groups in both postoperative stages. Stiffness was the most prevalent complaint in both groups (64.0% and 54.5%, respectively), and the suprascapular region was the most common site in both groups (60.0% and 57.1%, respectively). The types and locations of @entity5 were also similar between the groups. The @entity7 spinous process length ratios were similar in the groups, and they did not correlate with @entity5 . The reductions of range of motion and changes in sagittal alignment after surgery were also similar. CONCLUSIONS The @entity6 paraspinal muscle preservation technique was not superior to the C6-nonpreservation technique for preventing @entity1 .

title: Effect of preservation of the @entity6 spinous process and its paraspinal muscular attachment on the prevention of XXXX in C3-6 laminoplasty.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Over the years, it has been discussed whether T-type @entity2 channels @entity7 play a role in the @entity1 . T-type channels have been reported to play an important role in renal hemodynamics, contractility of resistance vessels, and pacemaker activity in the heart. However, the lack of highly specific blockers cast doubt on the conclusions. As new T-type channel antagonists are being designed, the roles of T-type channels in cardiovascular and renal pathology need to be elucidated before T-type blockers can be clinically useful. Two types of T-type channels, @entity7 .1 and @entity5 , are expressed in blood vessels, the kidney, and the heart. Studies with gene-deficient @entity0 have provided a way to investigate the @entity7 .1 and @entity5 channels and their role in the cardiovascular system. This review discusses the results from these knockout @entity0 . Evaluation of the literature leads to the conclusion that @entity7 .1 and @entity5 channels have important, but different, functions in @entity0 . T-type @entity7 .1 channels affect heart rate, whereas @entity5 channels are involved in @entity3 . In the vascular system, @entity5 activation leads to dilation of blood vessels, whereas @entity7 .1 channels are mainly suggested to affect constriction. The @entity7 .1 channel is also involved in @entity6 following @entity4 . In the kidney, @entity7 .1 regulates plasma flow and @entity5 plays a role setting glomerular filtration rate. In conclusion, @entity7 .1 and @entity5 are new therapeutic targets in several cardiovascular pathologies, but the use of T-type blockers should be specifically directed to the disease and to the channel subtype.

title: Functional importance of T-type voltage-gated @entity2 channels in the XXXX : news from the world of knockout @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Over the years, it has been discussed whether T-type @entity2 channels @entity7 play a role in the @entity1 . T-type channels have been reported to play an important role in renal hemodynamics, contractility of resistance vessels, and pacemaker activity in the heart. However, the lack of highly specific blockers cast doubt on the conclusions. As new T-type channel antagonists are being designed, the roles of T-type channels in cardiovascular and renal pathology need to be elucidated before T-type blockers can be clinically useful. Two types of T-type channels, @entity7 .1 and @entity5 , are expressed in blood vessels, the kidney, and the heart. Studies with gene-deficient @entity0 have provided a way to investigate the @entity7 .1 and @entity5 channels and their role in the cardiovascular system. This review discusses the results from these knockout @entity0 . Evaluation of the literature leads to the conclusion that @entity7 .1 and @entity5 channels have important, but different, functions in @entity0 . T-type @entity7 .1 channels affect heart rate, whereas @entity5 channels are involved in @entity3 . In the vascular system, @entity5 activation leads to dilation of blood vessels, whereas @entity7 .1 channels are mainly suggested to affect constriction. The @entity7 .1 channel is also involved in @entity6 following @entity4 . In the kidney, @entity7 .1 regulates plasma flow and @entity5 plays a role setting glomerular filtration rate. In conclusion, @entity7 .1 and @entity5 are new therapeutic targets in several cardiovascular pathologies, but the use of T-type blockers should be specifically directed to the disease and to the channel subtype.

title: Functional importance of T-type voltage-gated XXXX channels in the @entity1 : news from the world of knockout @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Over the years, it has been discussed whether T-type @entity2 channels @entity7 play a role in the @entity1 . T-type channels have been reported to play an important role in renal hemodynamics, contractility of resistance vessels, and pacemaker activity in the heart. However, the lack of highly specific blockers cast doubt on the conclusions. As new T-type channel antagonists are being designed, the roles of T-type channels in cardiovascular and renal pathology need to be elucidated before T-type blockers can be clinically useful. Two types of T-type channels, @entity7 .1 and @entity5 , are expressed in blood vessels, the kidney, and the heart. Studies with gene-deficient @entity0 have provided a way to investigate the @entity7 .1 and @entity5 channels and their role in the cardiovascular system. This review discusses the results from these knockout @entity0 . Evaluation of the literature leads to the conclusion that @entity7 .1 and @entity5 channels have important, but different, functions in @entity0 . T-type @entity7 .1 channels affect heart rate, whereas @entity5 channels are involved in @entity3 . In the vascular system, @entity5 activation leads to dilation of blood vessels, whereas @entity7 .1 channels are mainly suggested to affect constriction. The @entity7 .1 channel is also involved in @entity6 following @entity4 . In the kidney, @entity7 .1 regulates plasma flow and @entity5 plays a role setting glomerular filtration rate. In conclusion, @entity7 .1 and @entity5 are new therapeutic targets in several cardiovascular pathologies, but the use of T-type blockers should be specifically directed to the disease and to the channel subtype.

title: Functional importance of T-type voltage-gated @entity2 channels in the @entity1 : news from the world of knockout XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Early neurodevelopment requires cell fate commitment from pluripotent stem cells to restricted neural lineages, which involves the epigenetic regulation of chromatin structure and lineage-specific gene transcription. However, it remains unclear how histone H3 @entity2 9 acetylation (H3K9Ac), an epigenetic mark representing transcriptionally active chromatin, is involved in the neural commitment from pluripotent embryonic stem cell (ESC). In this study, we demonstrate that H3K9Ac gradually declines during the first 4 days of in vitro neural differentiation of @entity0 ESCs (hESCs) and then increases during day 4-8. Consistent with this finding, the H3K9Ac enrichment at several pluripotency genes was decreased, and H3K9Ac occupancies at the loci of neurodevelopmental genes increased during hESC neural commitment. Inhibiting H3K9 deacetylation on days 0-4 by histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) promoted hESC pluripotency and suppressed its neural differentiation. Conversely, HDACi-elicited upregulation of H3K9 acetylation on days 4-8 enhanced neural differentiation and activated multiple neurodevelopmental genes. Mechanistically, HDACis promote pluripotency gene transcription to support hESC self-renewal through suppressing @entity4 activity. During hESC neural commitment, HDACis relieve the inhibitory activities of @entity5 and thereby promote early neurodevelopmental gene expression by interfering with gene-specific histone acetylation patterns. Furthermore, @entity3 is primarily identified as the major histone acetylation factors involved in both hESC pluripotency and neural differentiation. Our results indicate that epigenetic modification plays pivotal roles during the early neural specification of hESCs. The histone acetylation, which is regulated by distinct HDAC members at different @entity1 , plays dual roles in hESC pluripotency maintenance and neural differentiation.

title: Dual Roles of Histone H3 Lysine 9 Acetylation in XXXX Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency and Neural Differentiation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: The purpose of the current study was to conduct a systematic review of the published literature to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET, PTE/CT, MRI and scintigraphy for @entity2 related @entity1 . METHODS: Through a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of each study. We estimated pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), and two sample Z-tests were conducted to evaluate for differences in sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), and the Q* index between any two diagnostic modalities. RESULTS: A total of 17 studies were reviewed. The MRI had a pooled sensitivity of 0.88, specificity of 0.68, AUC of 0.897, and Q*index of 0.828, whereas for MIBI, the corresponding values were 0.98, 0.90, 0.991, and 0.962, respectively, and for bone scan, they were 066, 0.83, 0.805, and 0.740, respectively. The corresponding values of MIBI were 0.98, 0.90, 0.991, and 0.962, respectively. For PET and PET/CT, the values were 0.91, 0.69, 0.927 and 0.861, respectively. Statistically significant differences were not found in the sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and Q* index between MRI, scintigraphy, FDG-PET and PET/CT. CONCLUSIONS: On the condition that X ray is taken as a reference in our study, we suggested that FDG-PET, PTE/CT, MRI and scintigraphy are all associated with high detection rate of @entity1 in @entity0 with MM. Thus, in clinical practice, it is recommended that we could choose these tests according to the condition of the @entity0 .

title: A Systematic Review of MRI, Scintigraphy, FDG-PET and PET/CT for Diagnosis of XXXX Related @entity1 - Which is Best?

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: The purpose of the current study was to conduct a systematic review of the published literature to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET, PTE/CT, MRI and scintigraphy for @entity2 related @entity1 . METHODS: Through a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of each study. We estimated pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), and two sample Z-tests were conducted to evaluate for differences in sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), and the Q* index between any two diagnostic modalities. RESULTS: A total of 17 studies were reviewed. The MRI had a pooled sensitivity of 0.88, specificity of 0.68, AUC of 0.897, and Q*index of 0.828, whereas for MIBI, the corresponding values were 0.98, 0.90, 0.991, and 0.962, respectively, and for bone scan, they were 066, 0.83, 0.805, and 0.740, respectively. The corresponding values of MIBI were 0.98, 0.90, 0.991, and 0.962, respectively. For PET and PET/CT, the values were 0.91, 0.69, 0.927 and 0.861, respectively. Statistically significant differences were not found in the sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and Q* index between MRI, scintigraphy, FDG-PET and PET/CT. CONCLUSIONS: On the condition that X ray is taken as a reference in our study, we suggested that FDG-PET, PTE/CT, MRI and scintigraphy are all associated with high detection rate of @entity1 in @entity0 with MM. Thus, in clinical practice, it is recommended that we could choose these tests according to the condition of the @entity0 .

title: A Systematic Review of MRI, Scintigraphy, FDG-PET and PET/CT for Diagnosis of @entity2 Related XXXX - Which is Best?

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Root-knot @entity2 secrete proteinaceous effectors into plant tissues to facilitate infection by preventing host defenses and reprogramming the host metabolism to their benefit. Meloidogyne graminicola is a major pest of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in Asia and in Latin America, causing important crop losses. The goal of this study was to identify @entity5 pathogenicity genes expressed during the plant- @entity2 interaction. Using the dual RNA-seq strategy, we generated transcriptomic data of @entity5 samples covering the pre-parasitic J2 stage and 5 parasitic stages in @entity1 plants, from the parasitic J2 to the adult female. In the absence of a reference genome, a de novo @entity5 transcriptome of 66 396 contigs was obtained from those reads that were not mapped on the @entity1 genome. Gene expression profiling across the @entity5 life cycle revealed key genes involved in the @entity2 development and provided insights into genes putatively associated with @entity3 . Development of a "secreted protein prediction" pipeline revealed a typical set of proteins secreted by @entity2 , as well as a high number of @entity0 -rich proteins and putative nuclear proteins. Combined to expression data, this pipeline enabled identification of 15 putative effector genes, including two homologs of well-characterized effectors from cyst @entity2 ( @entity4 -like and @entity6 ), and a metallothionein. The localization of gene expression was assessed by in situ hybridization for a subset of candidates. All these data represent important molecular resources to elucidate @entity5 biology and to select for potential targets to develop novel control strategies for this @entity2 species. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Dual RNA-seq reveals Meloidogyne graminicola transcriptome and candidate effectors during the interaction with XXXX plants.

answer: @entity1


abstract: During 1970-1976, 459 cases of primary @entity2 were admitted to the Department of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Thailand. Three hundred and two cases (66%) had associated @entity1 . Fifty-five cases or 12 per cent presented with @entity8 from ruptured carcinomatous @entity7 . In most of these, the presenting symptom were not dramatic and might be indistinguishable from other uncomplicated @entity2 . Only 2 cases presented as acute abdomen and 5 cases had severe @entity4 for short duration prior to admission. Peritonoscopy were performed routinely in all cases with @entity8 except the two cases which presented as acute abdomen. Fifty cases or 91 per cent had associated @entity1 and the site of the @entity3 were visualized in 6 cases or 11.32 per cent. Fourteen @entity0 were treated conservatively with the mortality rate of 100 per cent. Eight @entity0 who presumably bled from @entity6 were also treated conservatively with only 50 per cent mortality. Hepatic artery ligation was employed in 23 cases with 52 per cent mortality and @entity5 stopped in 95 per cent, as compare with other conventional surgical measure such as packing, suture and cauterization to control the @entity5 with 90 per cent mortality. Judging from our experience, hepatic artery ligation is of definite value for palliative treatment particularly in @entity0 with @entity8 from ruptured @entity2 .

title: Intraperitoneal XXXX due to spontaneous @entity2 with particular reference to hepatic artery ligation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: During 1970-1976, 459 cases of primary @entity2 were admitted to the Department of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Thailand. Three hundred and two cases (66%) had associated @entity1 . Fifty-five cases or 12 per cent presented with @entity8 from ruptured carcinomatous @entity7 . In most of these, the presenting symptom were not dramatic and might be indistinguishable from other uncomplicated @entity2 . Only 2 cases presented as acute abdomen and 5 cases had severe @entity4 for short duration prior to admission. Peritonoscopy were performed routinely in all cases with @entity8 except the two cases which presented as acute abdomen. Fifty cases or 91 per cent had associated @entity1 and the site of the @entity3 were visualized in 6 cases or 11.32 per cent. Fourteen @entity0 were treated conservatively with the mortality rate of 100 per cent. Eight @entity0 who presumably bled from @entity6 were also treated conservatively with only 50 per cent mortality. Hepatic artery ligation was employed in 23 cases with 52 per cent mortality and @entity5 stopped in 95 per cent, as compare with other conventional surgical measure such as packing, suture and cauterization to control the @entity5 with 90 per cent mortality. Judging from our experience, hepatic artery ligation is of definite value for palliative treatment particularly in @entity0 with @entity8 from ruptured @entity2 .

title: Intraperitoneal @entity5 due to spontaneous XXXX with particular reference to hepatic artery ligation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess whether there was a significant difference in the complications of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) between out-of-hospital @entity3 (OHCA) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) survivors using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospective registry data. We enrolled both OHCA and @entity3 @entity0 who underwent successful CPR. We classified @entity2 secondary to chest compression into @entity1 , sternum @entity1 , and uncommon complications such as lung contusions and extrathoracic complications. We compared these complications according to CPR locations. We also analysed risk factors for CPR complications using multiple regression analysis and classification and regression tree analysis. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 148 @entity0 were included in the primary analysis. @entity1 were detected more in OHCA survivors than in @entity3 survivors (74 @entity0 (83.2%) vs. 37 @entity0 (62.7%), p=0.05), and frequency of @entity1 was higher in OHCA survivors than @entity3 survivors (69 @entity0 (77.5%) vs. 34 @entity0 (57.6%), p=0.01). Although other complications were not significantly different between the groups, there was a trend for OHCA survivors to sustain more serious and direct high-energy related complications. Older age, longer CPR, and OHCA were significantly associated with incidence of @entity1 , @entity1 , and number of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 were more likely to occur in OHCA survivors, and serious complications tended to occur more often in OHCA compared to @entity3 survivors.

title: Comparison of complications secondary to cardiopulmonary resuscitation between out-of-hospital XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess whether there was a significant difference in the complications of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) between out-of-hospital @entity3 (OHCA) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) survivors using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospective registry data. We enrolled both OHCA and @entity3 @entity0 who underwent successful CPR. We classified @entity2 secondary to chest compression into @entity1 , sternum @entity1 , and uncommon complications such as lung contusions and extrathoracic complications. We compared these complications according to CPR locations. We also analysed risk factors for CPR complications using multiple regression analysis and classification and regression tree analysis. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 148 @entity0 were included in the primary analysis. @entity1 were detected more in OHCA survivors than in @entity3 survivors (74 @entity0 (83.2%) vs. 37 @entity0 (62.7%), p=0.05), and frequency of @entity1 was higher in OHCA survivors than @entity3 survivors (69 @entity0 (77.5%) vs. 34 @entity0 (57.6%), p=0.01). Although other complications were not significantly different between the groups, there was a trend for OHCA survivors to sustain more serious and direct high-energy related complications. Older age, longer CPR, and OHCA were significantly associated with incidence of @entity1 , @entity1 , and number of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 were more likely to occur in OHCA survivors, and serious complications tended to occur more often in OHCA compared to @entity3 survivors.

title: Comparison of complications secondary to cardiopulmonary resuscitation between out-of-hospital @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Fifty @entity0 with @entity2 were treated consecutively by appendectomy followed by saline irrigation and loose wound closure. Drainage was not employed. @entity3 and @entity4 were mixed and given intravenously. In 28 of 50 @entity0 , @entity3 powder was dusted into the wound. No intraperitoneal complications occurred. Seven would infections required incision. Dusting @entity3 powder into the wound reduced this complication to less than 10 per cent. Four @entity0 had nasogastric tubes. The usual hospital stay was three to eight days. The most common organisms cultured were @entity1 (68%), Streptococcus species (60%), and anaerobic species (48%). Eleven @entity0 were evaluated for synergism between @entity3 and @entity4 . Eight showed some evidence of synergism in that the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the combination was less than the MIC of the individual drugs.

title: XXXX in @entity0 : a different approach.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fifty @entity0 with @entity2 were treated consecutively by appendectomy followed by saline irrigation and loose wound closure. Drainage was not employed. @entity3 and @entity4 were mixed and given intravenously. In 28 of 50 @entity0 , @entity3 powder was dusted into the wound. No intraperitoneal complications occurred. Seven would infections required incision. Dusting @entity3 powder into the wound reduced this complication to less than 10 per cent. Four @entity0 had nasogastric tubes. The usual hospital stay was three to eight days. The most common organisms cultured were @entity1 (68%), Streptococcus species (60%), and anaerobic species (48%). Eleven @entity0 were evaluated for synergism between @entity3 and @entity4 . Eight showed some evidence of synergism in that the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the combination was less than the MIC of the individual drugs.

title: @entity2 in XXXX : a different approach.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Very few studies describe the demographic and social profile of @entity1 in vulnerable low-income populations. METHODS: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study prospectively recording data from all @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 who attended a specialist neurology consultation between January and March 2014. Data were analysed using descriptive epidemiology tools. RESULTS: A total of 107 @entity0 were evaluated, of whom 24.2% were illiterate and only 10.2% had completed a higher education programme. Most of the @entity0 (86.8%) had a low socioeconomic status; 73.8% were single and 76.7% were employed. The main risk factors for @entity1 in this population were recorded as follows: delayed psychomotor development (n=24, 22.4%), @entity2 (n=16, 14.9%), and @entity3 (n=13, 12.1%). Most @entity0 (70.1%) responded to antiepileptic drugs (controlled cases) and 15.4% (n=15) had @entity1 (refractory cases). CONCLUSION: The demographic and clinical profiles of the @entity0 included in this study resemble those published for high-income populations; differences are mostly limited to aetiological classification and risk factors. The social profile of the @entity0 evaluated in this study shows high rates of unemployment, illiteracy, and single marital status. These findings seem to be more frequent and prevalent in this group than in high income populations.

title: Demographic and social profile of XXXX in a vulnerable low-income population in Bogot  , Colombia.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Stent retriever thrombectomy has recently been found to be effective for anterior circulation @entity1 , but its efficacy for basilar @entity2 (BAO) is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the available evidence for the use of stent retrievers for BAO. METHODS: Two independent reviewers searched six databases for studies reporting outcomes following endovascular treatment for BAO. RESULTS: A total of 17 articles (6 prospective and 11 retrospective) were included. The weighted mean age of @entity0 was 67   years (range 59-82) and 59% were male. Thrombolytic drugs were administered intravenously and intra-arterially in 46% (range 0-88%) and 38% (range 0-90%) of @entity0 , respectively. Weighted pooled estimates of successful recanalization (TICI 2b-3) and good outcome (modified Rankin Scale  <=2) were 80.0% (95% CI 70.7% to 88.0%; I(2)=80.28%; p<0.001) and 42.8% (95% CI 34.0% to 51.8%; I(2)=61.83%; p=0.002), respectively. Pooled mortality was 29.4% (95% CI 23.9% to 35.3%; I(2)=37.01%; p=0.087). Incidence of procedure-related complications and symptomatic @entity3 was 10.0% (95% CI 3.7% to 18.3%; I(2)=61.05%; p=0.017) and 6.8% (95% CI 3.5% to 10.8%; I(2)=37.99%; p=0.08), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Stent retriever thrombectomy achieves a high rate of recanalization and functional independence while being relatively safe for @entity0 with BAO. Future prospective studies with long-term follow-up are warranted.

title: Outcomes of endovascular treatment of basilar XXXX in the stent retriever era: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: Laparoscopic colon and @entity1 surgery is oncologically equivalent to open resection, but the impact of conversion is undetermined. The aim of this study was to assess the oncological outcome and predictive factors associated with conversion. METHOD: A comprehensive search for published studies examining the associated factors and outcome of conversion from laparoscopic to open @entity2 resection was performed adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Only randomised control trials and prospective studies were included. Each study was reviewed and the data extracted. Random-effects methods were used to combine data. RESULTS: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria including 5,293 @entity0 . Of these 4,391 @entity0 had a completed laparoscopic resection and 902 were converted to an open resection. The average conversion rate of the studies was 17  9 +/- 10  1%. Meta-analysis showed completed laparoscopic surgery favoured lower 30 day mortality (OR:0  134, 95% CI 0  047-0  385, P<0  0001), lower long term disease recurrence (OR:0  634, 95% CI 0  421-0  701, p<0  023) and lower overall mortality (OR:0  512, 95% CI 0  417-0  629, P<0  0001). Factors negatively associated with completion of laparoscopic surgery were male gender (P=0  011), @entity1 (P=0  017), T3/T4 @entity1 (P=0  009) and node positive disease (P=0  009). Completed laparoscopic surgery was also associated with a lower BMI (mean difference -0  93 SI units, P=0  004). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that conversion from laparoscopic to open @entity2 resection is influenced by @entity0 and @entity1 characteristics and is associated with an adverse peri-operative outcome. Although confounding factors such as advanced @entity1 stage and elevated BMI are present, unsuccessful laparoscopic surgery appears to be associated with an adverse long term oncological outcome. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: A meta-analysis to determine the oncological implications of conversion in laparoscopic XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Higher mortality rates have been reported for @entity0 admitted at a weekend compared to a weekday. Our aim was to assess in- @entity0 mortality patterns by day of the week, in a tertiary renal unit. METHOD AND RESULTS: Mortality related to day of admission and day of @entity1 was analysed over a two-year period at Glasgow Western Infirmary renal unit. Typical caseload was also assessed over two random four-week periods. As a proportion of admissions, 30-day mortality was 46/540 (8.5%) on a weekend day compared with a weekday 107/2013 (5.3%) ( @entity3 .60, p   =   0.005). Thirty-day mortality rate was 46/208   =   0.22 @entity1 /weekend day of admission compared with 107/523   =   0.20 @entity1 /weekday of admission (incident rate ratio   =   1.08, p   =   0.67). There was no significant increased risk of @entity1 on a weekend day compared to a weekday ( @entity3 .23, p   =   0.23). A higher proportion of weekend admissions were from other hospitals. @entity2 and haemodialysis @entity0 formed a higher percentage of admissions. CONCLUSION: Admission day mortality expressed as a @entity1 rate/day does not differ between weekend/weekday admissions. Admission day mortality expressed as a proportion of total admissions was significantly higher at weekends. This suggests admission case-mix/workload differs at weekends with fewer 'well' @entity0 admitted. In- @entity0 mortality patterns are complex and any conclusions made should take into account case mix and workload.

title: In- XXXX hospital mortality patterns by day of the week: an analysis of admissions to a regional renal unit.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 after @entity2 is common, but the etiologic roles of high volume crystalloid resuscitation, @entity7 , @entity2 , or @entity3 have not been specifically defined in @entity0 studies. We used the thermal-green dye double indicator dilution measurement of extravascular lung water (EVLW) to follow daily lung water changes in seven severly burned adult @entity0 , resuscitated with only crystalloid solutions. An average @entity4 of 21.3 kg, a 30% increase (p < 0.001), was present two to three days after admission. Admission EVLW for all @entity0 was 7.9 +/- 1.2 ml/kg, (means +/- SD), and EVLW at the time of maximal @entity4 was 5.9 +/- 1.4 ml/kg, a 25% decrease (p < 0.05). Admission pulmonary artery wedge pressure ( @entity8 ) was 8 +/- 3 mmHG, which was not significantly different from @entity8 of 13 +/- 4 mmHg at the time of maximal @entity4 . In the three @entity0 who died of @entity3 , their terminal weight averaged 17.8 kg (27%) above their admitting weight (p < 0.01) and EVLW was 26.4 +/- 4.4 ml/kg, a 200% increase (p < 0.02) from admission. Their terminal @entity8 averaged 22 +/- 2 mmHg, a 170% increase (p < 0.005). None of these @entity0 had an increase in EVLW until clinical signs of @entity3 occurred and the rise in EVLW preceded the rise in @entity8 . Calculated mean plasma colloid osmotic pressure (PCOP) on admission was 20.7 +/- 4.9 mmHg; at the time of maximal @entity4 , it was 8.6 +/- 1.7 mmHg (p < 0.001). The @entity8 gradient fell to -4 +/- 4 mmHg (p < 0.001) at the time of maximal @entity4 and remained less than +4 mmHg throughout the study period in all @entity0 . We conclude that massive crystalloid resuscitation while maintaining @entity8 below 15 mmHg does not cause an increase in EVLW during the first four days after @entity2 . EVLW actually decreases slightly in all @entity0 despite marked @entity4 , @entity7 and a negative @entity8 gradient. EVLW does not correlate with the @entity8 gradient in either septic or nonseptic periods. Three @entity0 had severe @entity2 and normal EVLW for the first four postburn days. It therefore appears that significant @entity1 does not result from @entity2 . There is also no evidence that @entity2 causes an early increase in pulmonary capillary permeability. The occurrence of @entity3 , however, results in rapid accumulation of lung water, without any change in hydrostatic or osmotic forces. This study supports the primary role of @entity3 in altering pulmonary capillary permeability with resulting @entity6 .

title: Lung water changes after @entity2 . The effects of crystalloid resuscitation and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 after @entity2 is common, but the etiologic roles of high volume crystalloid resuscitation, @entity7 , @entity2 , or @entity3 have not been specifically defined in @entity0 studies. We used the thermal-green dye double indicator dilution measurement of extravascular lung water (EVLW) to follow daily lung water changes in seven severly burned adult @entity0 , resuscitated with only crystalloid solutions. An average @entity4 of 21.3 kg, a 30% increase (p < 0.001), was present two to three days after admission. Admission EVLW for all @entity0 was 7.9 +/- 1.2 ml/kg, (means +/- SD), and EVLW at the time of maximal @entity4 was 5.9 +/- 1.4 ml/kg, a 25% decrease (p < 0.05). Admission pulmonary artery wedge pressure ( @entity8 ) was 8 +/- 3 mmHG, which was not significantly different from @entity8 of 13 +/- 4 mmHg at the time of maximal @entity4 . In the three @entity0 who died of @entity3 , their terminal weight averaged 17.8 kg (27%) above their admitting weight (p < 0.01) and EVLW was 26.4 +/- 4.4 ml/kg, a 200% increase (p < 0.02) from admission. Their terminal @entity8 averaged 22 +/- 2 mmHg, a 170% increase (p < 0.005). None of these @entity0 had an increase in EVLW until clinical signs of @entity3 occurred and the rise in EVLW preceded the rise in @entity8 . Calculated mean plasma colloid osmotic pressure (PCOP) on admission was 20.7 +/- 4.9 mmHg; at the time of maximal @entity4 , it was 8.6 +/- 1.7 mmHg (p < 0.001). The @entity8 gradient fell to -4 +/- 4 mmHg (p < 0.001) at the time of maximal @entity4 and remained less than +4 mmHg throughout the study period in all @entity0 . We conclude that massive crystalloid resuscitation while maintaining @entity8 below 15 mmHg does not cause an increase in EVLW during the first four days after @entity2 . EVLW actually decreases slightly in all @entity0 despite marked @entity4 , @entity7 and a negative @entity8 gradient. EVLW does not correlate with the @entity8 gradient in either septic or nonseptic periods. Three @entity0 had severe @entity2 and normal EVLW for the first four postburn days. It therefore appears that significant @entity1 does not result from @entity2 . There is also no evidence that @entity2 causes an early increase in pulmonary capillary permeability. The occurrence of @entity3 , however, results in rapid accumulation of lung water, without any change in hydrostatic or osmotic forces. This study supports the primary role of @entity3 in altering pulmonary capillary permeability with resulting @entity6 .

title: Lung water changes after XXXX . The effects of crystalloid resuscitation and @entity3 .

answer: @entity2