abstract: Our perception is facilitated if we know where and when a sensory stimulus will occur. This phenomenon is accounted for by spatial and temporal orienting of attention. Whereas spatial orienting of attention has repeatedly been shown to involve spatially specific modulations of ongoing oscillations within sensory cortex, it is not clear to what extent anticipatory modulations of ongoing oscillations are involved in temporal orienting of attention. To address this, we recorded magnetoencephalography while @entity0 @entity0 performed a tactile discrimination task. We cued @entity0 to the left or the right hand, after which a tactile stimulus was presented at one of several fixed @entity2 . We thus assessed whether and how ongoing @entity1 are modulated during tactile anticipation. We provide evidence for three phenomena. First, orienting to an upcoming tactile event involves a spatially specific contralateral suppression of alpha- and @entity3 within sensorimotor cortex. Second, this modulation is deployed with temporal specificity, and this is more pronounced for beta-band compared with alpha-band oscillations. Third, the contralateral suppression of @entity3 is associated with faster responses to subsequently presented tactile stimuli. Control measures showed that these results cannot be explained by motor planning or execution. We conclude that the modulation of ongoing oscillations within sensory cortex reflects a unifying mechanism underlying both spatial and temporal orienting of attention.

title: Orienting attention to an upcoming tactile event involves a spatially and temporally specific modulation of sensorimotor alpha- and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We tested the effect of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on neuronal remodeling of the corticospinal tract originating from the contralesional cortex in @entity0 subjected to unilateral pyramidotomy (PT) followed by @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: Adult @entity0 with transgenic yellow fluorescent protein labeling in the corticospinal tract were subjected to right hemispheric PT and right permanent or sham @entity3 . One day later, the @entity0 were treated intravenously with BMSCs or @entity2 -buffered saline. A Foot-Fault test and a single pellet-reaching test were performed before surgery, 3 days after @entity3 , and weekly thereafter. @entity4 -614-monomeric red fluorescent protein was injected into the left forelimb flexor muscles 28 days after surgery (4 days before euthanasia). The brain and cervical cord were processed for fluorescent microscopy to detect red fluorescent protein and yellow fluorescent protein labeling, respectively. RESULTS: Significant functional improvements were evident in PT- @entity3 @entity0 treated with BMSCs (n=9) compared with @entity2 -buffered saline-treated @entity0 (n=9, P<0.05), but not in @entity0 with @entity3 treated with either @entity2 -buffered saline (n=9) or BMSCs (n=10). Furthermore, in PT- @entity3 @entity0 , both corticospinal tract axonal density in the denervated side of the cervical gray matter and red fluorescent protein-labeled pyramidal neurons in the left intact cortex were significantly increased compared with @entity3 @entity0 (P<0.05). BMSCs significantly enhanced both corticospinal tract density and red fluorescent protein labeling in PT- @entity3 @entity0 (P<0.05) only. The behavioral outcome was highly correlated with corticospinal tract density and red fluorescent protein labeling. CONCLUSIONS: BMSCs amplify @entity1 -induced contralesional neuronal remodeling, which contributes to motor recovery after @entity1 .

title: Bone marrow stromal cells promote skilled motor recovery and enhance contralesional axonal connections after ischemic stroke in adult XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Use of damage control surgery techniques has reduced mortality in critically injured @entity0 but at the cost of the open abdomen. With the option of delayed definitive management of @entity1 , the question of intestinal repair/ @entity2 or definitive stoma creation has been posed with no clear consensus. The purpose of this study was to determine outcomes on the basis of management of @entity1 in @entity0 relegated to the postinjury open abdomen. METHODS: @entity0 requiring an open abdomen after @entity1 from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2007 were reviewed. Type of bowel repair was categorized as immediate repair, immediate @entity2 , delayed @entity2 , stoma and a combination. Logistic regression was used to determine independent effect of risk factors on leak development. RESULTS: During the 6-year study period, 204 @entity0 suffered @entity1 and were managed with an open abdomen. The majority was @entity0 (77%) sustaining blunt @entity1 (66%) with a mean age of 37.1 years  1.2 years and median Injury Severity Score of 27 (interquartile range=20-41). Injury patterns included 81 (40%) small bowel, 37 (18%) colonic, and 86 (42%) combined injuries. Enteric injuries were managed with immediate repair (58), immediate @entity2 (15), delayed @entity2 (96), stoma (10), and a combination (22); three @entity0 died before definitive repair. Sixty-one @entity0 suffered @entity4 : 35 (17%) abscesses, 15 (7%) leaks, and 11 (5%) enterocutaneous @entity3 . The majority of @entity0 with leaks had a delayed @entity2 ; one @entity0 had a right colon repair. Leak rate increased as one progresses toward the left colon (small bowel anastomoses, 3% leak rate; right colon, 3%; transverse colon, 20%; left colon, 45%). There were no differences in emergency department physiology, injury severity, transfusions, crystalloids, or demographic characteristics between @entity0 with and without leak. Leak cases had higher 12-hour heart rate (148 vs. 125, p=0.02) and higher 12-hour base deficit (13.7 vs. 9.7, p=0.04), suggesting persistent @entity5 and consequent hypoperfusion were related to leak development. There was a significant trend toward higher incidence of leak with closure day (   for trend, p=0.01), with closure after day 5 having a four times higher likelihood of developing leak (3% vs. 12%, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Repair or @entity2 of @entity6 should be considered in all @entity0 . However, leak rate increases with fascial closure beyond day 5 and with left-sided colonic anastomoses. Investigating the physiologic basis for intestinal vulnerability of the left colon and in the open abdomen is warranted.

title: Sew it up! A Western XXXX Association multi-institutional study of enteric injury management in the postinjury open abdomen.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify @entity1 transmission patterns in Castell  n in a period of major demographic changes. METHODS: A prospective study of @entity0 with positive culture in the province of Castellon over a 4-year period (2004-2007) was carried out. Cases were described by year and nationality and were compared with those reported to the Department of Public Health. We studied the population with available molecular patterns, identified through restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and analyzed the variables from @entity0 clusters, based on data collected in surveys of the Department of Health and the Laboratory Management Program. RESULTS: According to data from the Department of Public Health, the overall rate of @entity1 per 100,000 inhabitants in the province of Castell  n was 15.7 in 2004, 19.9 in 2005, 18.2 in 2006 and 17.5 in 2007. In our laboratory, strains were identified from 301 @entity0 , representing 77% (301/390) of reported cases and 94% (301/321) of reported cases with a positive culture. The percentage of @entity1 among foreigners increased with age, exceeding 50% in 2007. Molecular studies were available in 95% of @entity0 (286); 58% were Spanish and 42% were foreigners, of whom 54% were Romanians. The cluster percentage was 40%, with 30% of mixed clusters. According to conventional contact studies, 85% of @entity0 in clusters had been considered isolated cases. CONCLUSIONS: The increased rate of @entity1 in Castell  n was mainly due to the increasing number of cases among foreigners, mostly Romanians. The availability of molecular studies in all @entity0 with a positive culture allowed us to analyze how and where @entity1 is transmitted in our province. Forty percent of the @entity0 were grouped into clusters; of these, mixed clusters accounted for one third, indicating the high integration of immigrants in our area.

title: [Influence of immigration on XXXX transmission patterns in Castell  n, Spain (2004-2007)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: There are many drugs described with very different affinity to a large number of receptors. In this work, we selected Drug-Target pairs (DTPs/nDTPs) of drugs with high affinity/non-affinity for different targets like proteins. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) models become a very useful tool in this context to substantially reduce time and resources consuming experiments. Unfortunately, most QSAR models predict activity against only one protein. To solve this problem, we developed here a multi-target QSAR (mt-QSAR) classifier using the MARCH-INSIDE technique to calculate structural parameters of drug and target plus one Artificial Neuronal Network (ANN) to seek the model. The best ANN model found is a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) with profile MLP 32:32-15-1:1. This MLP classifies correctly 623 out of 678 DTPs (Sensitivity = 91.89%) and 2995 out of 3234 nDTPs (Specificity = 92.61%), corresponding to training Accuracy = 92.48%. The validation of the model was carried out by means of external predicting series. The model classifies correctly 313 out of 338 DTPs (Sensitivity = 92.60%) and 1411 out of 1534 nDTP (Specificity = 91.98%) in validation series, corresponding to total Accuracy = 92.09% for validation series (Predictability). This model favorably compares with other LDA and ANN models developed in this work and Machine Learning classifiers published before to address the same problem in different aspects. These mt-QSARs offer also a good opportunity to construct drug-protein Complex Networks (CNs) that can be used to explore large and complex drug-protein receptors databases. Finally, we illustrated two practical uses of this model with two different experiments. In experiment 1, we report prediction, synthesis, characterization, and MAO-A and MAO-B pharmacological assay of 10 @entity4 derivatives promising for anti-Parkinson drug design. In experiment 2, we report sampling, parasite culture, SEC and 1DE sample preparation, @entity2 and @entity1 / @entity1 analysis, MASCOT search, MM/MD 3D structure modeling, and QSAR prediction for different peptides of hemoglobin found in the proteome of the @entity0 parasite @entity3 ; which is promising for anti-parasite drug targets discovery.

title: Using entropy of drug and protein graphs to predict FDA drug-target network: theoretic-experimental study of MAO inhibitors and hemoglobin peptides from XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity16 consists of facial @entity9 (port-wine stain) and abnormal blood vessels in the brain or eye. @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity12 are principal concerns. We report a 28-year-old primiparous @entity0 at 41 weeks of gestation with @entity16 who developed @entity6 , @entity14 , blurred vision and @entity11 . Preeclampsia was excluded. Neuroimaging showed left sided @entity1 and a @entity2 , most likely an @entity15 . Caesarean section was planned to avoid the risk of @entity4 during labour. General anesthesia was avoided due to the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and reports of @entity5 -related mortality. Despite the possibility of @entity7 and precipitation of @entity13 , @entity10 was administered but failed. A @entity8 was successfully performed and a healthy @entity0 delivered. The choice of anaesthesia was strongly influenced by detailed radiological investigations and multidisciplinary participation.

title: Anaesthesia for caesarean section in a @entity0 with XXXX following acute neurological deterioration.

answer: @entity16


abstract: @entity16 consists of facial @entity9 (port-wine stain) and abnormal blood vessels in the brain or eye. @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity12 are principal concerns. We report a 28-year-old primiparous @entity0 at 41 weeks of gestation with @entity16 who developed @entity6 , @entity14 , blurred vision and @entity11 . Preeclampsia was excluded. Neuroimaging showed left sided @entity1 and a @entity2 , most likely an @entity15 . Caesarean section was planned to avoid the risk of @entity4 during labour. General anesthesia was avoided due to the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and reports of @entity5 -related mortality. Despite the possibility of @entity7 and precipitation of @entity13 , @entity10 was administered but failed. A @entity8 was successfully performed and a healthy @entity0 delivered. The choice of anaesthesia was strongly influenced by detailed radiological investigations and multidisciplinary participation.

title: Anaesthesia for caesarean section in a XXXX with @entity16 following acute neurological deterioration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about general practice management of @entity0 with @entity2 . AIM: To compare the effectiveness of a general practice-based, self-help approach to the treatment of @entity3 with that of specialist outpatient treatment. DESIGN OF STUDY: A prospective, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. SETTING: General practices and specialist @entity2 clinics in London. METHOD: @entity0 were recruited from general practitioner (GP) referrals to specialist @entity2 clinics. Thirty-four @entity0 were randomised to receive the self-help intervention in general practice and thirty-four were randomised to the clinic intervention. @entity0 randomised to the self-help arm of the trial worked through a manual based on cognitive behaviour principles, while keeping in contact with their GPs. Those randomised to receive specialist treatment were managed in the specialist clinic to which they had been referred. The main outcome measure was the Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh score, assessed at baseline and at six and nine months. Secondary measures were eating pathology, @entity1 , and social adjustment. RESULTS: A total of 74% and 80% of @entity0 were followed up at six and nine months respectively. An intention-to-treat analysis revealed that, while bulimic symptoms declined in both groups over time, there was no significant difference in outcome between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The findings lend support to the idea that @entity0 with @entity3 can be treated in general practice and that this approach warrants further investigation.

title: Specialist treatment versus self-help for XXXX : a randomised controlled trial in general practice.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report one case of @entity9 in a 45 year-old caucasian @entity0 cared for at the Public Health System hospitals in Republic of Cuba. METHODS: Blood analysis showed increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and moderate @entity4 . Intravenous urography showed that left kidney was displaced towards midline but presented a good contrast uptake and excretion. Renal ultrasound discovered a large hyperechogenic mass with internal calcifications. CT scan confirmed a left @entity1 with internal @entity2 which displaced the kidney. Complete @entity1 resection was performed confirmatory of the histological diagnosis of @entity9 . Postoperative chemotherapy was administered. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Four months after surgery @entity0 presented with severe @entity5 ; abdominal ultrasound showed retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal recurrences; @entity0 have a @entity6 after a @entity8 episode one month later. Necropsy revealed @entity7 , abdominal ganglionar metastases and retroperitoneal @entity1 extension. Our experience confirms the @entity3 of this @entity1 and their tendency to local recurrence.

title: [Retroperitoneal XXXX . Apropos of a case].

answer: @entity9


abstract: A 7-year-old @entity4 was examined because of a history of @entity2 , intermittent @entity1 , and @entity3 of 6 months' duration. Results of physical examination were normal except for marked abdominal tension. Results of a CBC and serum biochemistry profile were unremarkable. Severe @entity5 was noted radiographically, and abdominocentesis yielded 640 mL of air. @entity7 recurred 1 day after abdominocentesis. Exploratory laparotomy was performed 3 days after recurrence of @entity7 and revealed a gastric perforation along the greater curvature of the stomach with omental and pancreatic adhesions at the site of perforation. Mild @entity0 was also noted. A partial gastrectomy was performed to resect the lesion, and histologic examination confirmed a severe perforating @entity6 . The gastric wall adjacent to the @entity6 was histologically normal. Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriologic cultures of abdominal swab specimens were negative for bacterial growth. The cat was discharged 4 days after surgery and clinically normal at suture removal.

title: Pneumoperitoneum secondary to a perforated gastric XXXX in a cat.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Coupled plasma filtration and adsorption (CPFA) has been used in the treatment of severe @entity2 with the intention of removing the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators from the systemic circulation. It is believed that this interrupts and moderates the septic cascade, but there is uncertainty about the benefits of this therapy. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to estimate the effects of CPFA on mortality in severe @entity2 . The Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE-EBSCO-Host, MEDLINE and ProQuest, were searched from 1997 to 2013. Randomised controlled trials, prospective cohort studies and retrospective cohort studies were included using the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) framework. Data were abstracted using standard pro forma, and studies independently reviewed by two authors to confirm inclusion criteria. Quality of studies and risk of bias were assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group (GRADE) and Critical Appraisal Skills ( @entity3 ) criteria, respectively. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager (RevMan V.5.1) software. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. Secondary outcomes were mediator adsorption (picograms/mL), mean arterial BP (mm   Hg) and oxygenation ratio. RESULTS: 17 studies met the inclusion criteria (n=441 @entity0 , 242 CPFA). 14 studies reported the primary outcome of 28-day mortality. There were 88 deaths in CPFA @entity0 versus 118 in those receiving haemofiltration: OR 0.34 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.13). Point estimates of effect on the secondary outcomes of mean arterial pressure and @entity1 ratio favoured CPFA. Studies were small and heterogenous. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence for CPFA in severe @entity2 is sparse, of poor quality and further research is required, however, this meta-analysis noted improvements in survival rates of those @entity0 treated with CPFA.

title: Coupled plasma haemofiltration filtration in severe XXXX : systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hepatic @entity1 from @entity2 have a protracted natural history and are associated with @entity5 . Resection is indicated for symptom control. Previous reports have suggested improvement in survival for @entity0 undergoing debulking procedures. STUDY DESIGN: The records of all consecutive @entity0 undergoing resection of hepatic @entity1 from @entity2 between 1977 and 1998 were reviewed. @entity2 were classified according to histology, endocrine activity, and primary location. @entity0 lost to followup before 1 year were excluded. Followups were based on outpatient evaluations and were updated by correspondence. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to generate survival and recurrence curves, and the log-rank test was used for comparison. RESULTS: A total of 170 @entity0 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of whom 73 were @entity0 . Mean age (+/-SD) was 57 (+/-11.5) years. @entity7 (n = 120) and nonfunctioning @entity6 (n = 18) predominated; the ileum (n = 85) and the pancreas (n = 52) were the most common primary sites. Major hepatectomy (one or more lobes) was performed in 91 @entity0 (54%). The postoperative complication rate was 14%, and two @entity0 died (1.2%). Operation controlled symptoms in 104 of 108 @entity0 , but the recurrence rate at 5 years was 59%. Operation decreased @entity4 levels considerably, and no @entity0 experienced @entity3 postoperatively. Recurrence rate was 84% at 5 years. Overall survival was 61% and 35% at 5 and 10 years, respectively, with no difference between @entity7 and @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic resection for metastatic @entity2 is safe and achieves symptom control in most @entity0 . Debulking extends survival, although recurrence is expected. Hepatic resection is justified by its effects on survival and quality of life.

title: Surgical treatment of neuroendocrine XXXX to the liver: a plea for resection to increase survival.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is the inability of a @entity0 to maintain bladder control. Symptoms range from urgency, frequency, @entity4 to urge @entity3 (1). It limits functional and social activities and leads to @entity2 and social withdrawal. (2). This observational study aimed to describe the common urinary problems amongst gynecological consultations. It also describes the relationship of @entity3 with history of @entity1 , previous gynecological surgery and prolapse. METHODS: The study was conducted as a descriptive cross sectional study from Jan-May 2015 at Qassim University Clinic, Buraidah. @entity0 with urinary problem and those without urinary problems were compared for risk factors including @entity1 , prolapse and previous gynecological surgery. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 22 (SPSS 22) was used to conduct proportion z-tests to determine the association of prolapse, gynecological surgeries and @entity1 with @entity3 . To test the hypothesis, differences between two groups on the aforementioned factors were examined. The groups included @entity0 that reported having urinary problems (n = 111) and those who do not have urinary problems (n = 100). RESULTS: The most frequent complaints of @entity0 with urinary problems were urgency (n = 66, 59.46%), @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (n = 65, 58.56%) and frequency (n = 62, 55.86%). For @entity0 with a urinary problem, 89.19% have not had a gynecological surgery (n = 99) and the remaining 10.81% of @entity0 had a gynecological surgery (n = 12). For @entity0 without a urinary problem, 97.0% have not had a gynecological surgery (n = 97) and the remaining 3.0% had a gynecological surgery (n = 3). For @entity0 with a urinary problem, 72.97% did not have @entity1 (n = 81) and the remaining 27.03% of @entity0 did have @entity1 (n = 30). For @entity0 without a urinary problem, 92.0% did not have @entity1 (n = 92) and the remaining 8.0% did report having @entity1 (n = 8). For @entity0 with a urinary problem, 91.89% had not experienced a prolapse (n = 102) and the remaining 8.11% of @entity0 had experienced a prolapse (n = 9). For @entity0 without a urinary problem, 98.0% have not experienced a prolapse (n = 98) and the remaining two @entity0 had experienced a prolapse. CONCLUSION: Gynecological conditions such as prolapse of the uterus, surgery involving the pelvic floor as well as medical conditions such as @entity1 are some of the key risk factors for @entity3 . Therefore control of these risk factors can avoid development of @entity3 . Bladder retraining, Kegel exercises, drinking of less fluids are some of the preventive measures to avoid development of this embarrassing condition.

title: Urinary Problems Amongst Gynecological Consultations. Association Between Prolapse, Gynecological Surgery and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Laparoscopic reconstruction of @entity4 is a popular technique today. @entity0 with large defects have various difficulties of laparoscopic approach. In this study, we aimed to present a new reconstruction technique that combines laparoscopic and open approach in giant incisional @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2006 and August 2012, 28 @entity0 who were operated consequently for incisional @entity3 with defect size over 10 cm included in this study and separated into two groups. Group 1 (n = 12) identifies @entity0 operated with standard laparoscopic approach, whereas group 2 (n = 16) labels laparoscopic technique combined with open approach. @entity0 were evaluated in terms of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), mean operation time, length of hospital stay, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and recurrence rate. RESULTS: There are 12 @entity0 in group 1 and 16 @entity0 in group 2. Mean length of hospital stay and @entity2 rates are similar in both groups. @entity1 formation was observed in six @entity0 for group 1 and in only 1 @entity0 for group 2. Group 1 had 1 @entity0 who suffered from recurrence where group 2 had no recurrence. DISCUSSION: Laparoscopic technique combined with open approach may safely be used as an alternative method for reconstruction of giant incisional @entity3 .

title: A novel reconstruction method for giant incisional XXXX : Hybrid laparoscopic technique.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Even though @entity3 @entity4 is the most frequent type of @entity3 , there are few studies about its cutaneous physiopathology. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate skin changes in @entity3 @entity4 using light microscopy and direct immunofluorescence before and after treatment with @entity1 . To perform antigen immunomapping of bullae to study their level of cleavage. METHODS: Light microscopy and direct immunofluorescence of 28 @entity0 are reported in three different phases: 23 @entity0 with active @entity3 before treatment (Phase A), 7 @entity0 with clinical remission during treatment (Phase B), and 8 @entity0 with biochemical remission (Phase C). Immunomapping was performed on 7 @entity0 . RESULTS: In active @entity3 , direct immunofluorescence showed homogenous and intense fluorescence on the inside and on the walls of blood vessels as well as in the @entity2 . In clinical remission (Phase B) and biochemical remission (Phase C), the deposit of immunoglobulins was maintained, but the deposit of complement was reduced in most cases. Immunomapping revealed no standard cleavage plane. CONCLUSION: No correlation was observed between clinical response and immunoglobulin deposits. The reduction of complement favors the hypothesis that activation of the complement cascade represents an additional pathway that leads to endothelial damage.

title: Study of direct immunofluorescence, immunofluorescence mapping and light microscopy in XXXX @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Even though @entity3 @entity4 is the most frequent type of @entity3 , there are few studies about its cutaneous physiopathology. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate skin changes in @entity3 @entity4 using light microscopy and direct immunofluorescence before and after treatment with @entity1 . To perform antigen immunomapping of bullae to study their level of cleavage. METHODS: Light microscopy and direct immunofluorescence of 28 @entity0 are reported in three different phases: 23 @entity0 with active @entity3 before treatment (Phase A), 7 @entity0 with clinical remission during treatment (Phase B), and 8 @entity0 with biochemical remission (Phase C). Immunomapping was performed on 7 @entity0 . RESULTS: In active @entity3 , direct immunofluorescence showed homogenous and intense fluorescence on the inside and on the walls of blood vessels as well as in the @entity2 . In clinical remission (Phase B) and biochemical remission (Phase C), the deposit of immunoglobulins was maintained, but the deposit of complement was reduced in most cases. Immunomapping revealed no standard cleavage plane. CONCLUSION: No correlation was observed between clinical response and immunoglobulin deposits. The reduction of complement favors the hypothesis that activation of the complement cascade represents an additional pathway that leads to endothelial damage.

title: Study of direct immunofluorescence, immunofluorescence mapping and light microscopy in @entity3 XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the course of @entity1 activity during pregnancy and the postpartum period in @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: The medical records of @entity0 with @entity1 and pregnancy during follow-up at a large eye hospital were retrospectively reviewed. @entity0 with pregnancy were included in the study if follow-up was adequate to document the presence or absence of flare-ups in @entity1 activity during the pregnancy and/or postpartum period. RESULTS: Seventy-six pregnancies among 50 @entity0 were included in the study. Thirty-three pregnancies were in @entity0 with @entity4 , 19 were in @entity0 with @entity3 , and 24 were in @entity0 with idiopathic @entity1 . A flare-up in @entity1 activity occurred within the first 4 months of pregnancy in 49 of 76 cases (64%) and later in pregnancy in 17 cases (22%); no flare-up occurred during pregnancy in 21 cases (28%). An @entity2 flare-up was typical of @entity4 and idiopathic @entity1 . A flare-up within 6 months of delivery occurred in 38 of 59 cases (64%) that had adequate examination data available from the postpartum period. The postpartum flare-up was especially typical of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Many @entity0 with @entity1 will experience a flare-up in disease activity within the first 4 months of pregnancy. Later pregnancy appears to be a time of relative disease inactivity. Many will experience a rebound in activity within 6 months of delivery.

title: XXXX and pregnancy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Left ventricular torsion is increased and cardiac energetics are reduced in uncomplicated @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Our aim was to determine the relationships of these abnormalities to @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in subjects with @entity0 . A cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 subjects with @entity0 free of known @entity4 attending an outpatient clinic. @entity2 was assessed using heart rate variability studies and the continuous wavelet transform method. Left ventricular function was determined by speckle tracking echocardiography. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and stress magnetic resonance imaging were used to measure cardiac energetics and myocardial perfusion reserve index, respectively. Twenty subjects (age, 35    8 years; @entity0 duration, 16    9 years; hemoglobin A(1c), 8.0%    1.1%) were recruited. Forty percent of the subjects exhibited definite or borderline @entity2 . Log peak radial strain was significantly increased in subjects with @entity2 compared with those without (1.56    0.06 vs 1.43    0.14, respectively; P = .011). Data were adjusted for log duration of @entity0 , and log left ventricular torsion correlated (r = 0.593, P = .01) with log low-frequency to high-frequency ratio during the Valsalva maneuver. Log isovolumic relaxation time correlated significantly with log Valsalva ratio and log proportion of differences in consecutive RR intervals of normal beats greater than 50 milliseconds during deep breathing. However, @entity2 did not correlate with cardiac energetics or myocardial perfusion reserve index. Spectral analysis of low-frequency to high-frequency ratio power during the Valsalva maneuver is associated with altered left ventricular torsion in subjects with @entity0 . @entity5 is closely associated with @entity1 . @entity2 is not however the principal cause of impaired cardiac energetics. The role of @entity2 in the development of @entity3 warrants further evaluation.

title: Abnormal left ventricular torsion and cardiac autonomic dysfunction in subjects with XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Intra-operative @entity7 -based intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (IPC) may alter renal function in @entity0 with advanced @entity2 . The aim of this study was to describe postoperative alteration of renal function after @entity7 -based IPC and to identify risk factors for moderate to severe @entity6 . STUDY DESIGN: This prospective observational study was carried out on 77 consecutive @entity0 who underwent @entity7 -based IPC procedures, with (n=23) or without (n=54) intra-peritoneal @entity9 , for advanced @entity2 . Postoperative renal function was assessed using serial serum creatinine measurements and was based on serum @entity8 changes from pre-operative values, according to the risk, @entity3 , loss, @entity4 (RIFLE) classification. @entity0 were divided into two groups according to postoperative renal function: @entity0 with @entity1 or failure (IF group) or @entity0 with no renal alteration or renal risk (NR group). Clinical variables were compared between the IF and NR groups using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Postoperative acute change in renal function was observed in 34 (44.2%) @entity0 (unimodal distribution), among whom 23 @entity0 (29.8%) constituted the IF group. In univariate analysis, the absence of @entity9 in the IPC bath, a higher duration of severe @entity5 , a lower postoperative blood protein level, and a lower volume of intra-operative diuresis were significantly associated with the occurrence of @entity1 or failure. In multivariate analysis, the absence of @entity9 was the only factor associated with the occurrence of moderate to severe @entity6 (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]=4.49 [1.36-14.80]). CONCLUSIONS: Transient @entity6 after @entity7 -based IPC associated with cytoreductive surgery is frequent and intra-peritoneal @entity9 plays a protective role.

title: Protective effect of intra-peritoneal @entity9 on postoperative renal function after XXXX -based intra-peritoneal intra-operative chemotherapy.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Intra-operative @entity7 -based intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (IPC) may alter renal function in @entity0 with advanced @entity2 . The aim of this study was to describe postoperative alteration of renal function after @entity7 -based IPC and to identify risk factors for moderate to severe @entity6 . STUDY DESIGN: This prospective observational study was carried out on 77 consecutive @entity0 who underwent @entity7 -based IPC procedures, with (n=23) or without (n=54) intra-peritoneal @entity9 , for advanced @entity2 . Postoperative renal function was assessed using serial serum creatinine measurements and was based on serum @entity8 changes from pre-operative values, according to the risk, @entity3 , loss, @entity4 (RIFLE) classification. @entity0 were divided into two groups according to postoperative renal function: @entity0 with @entity1 or failure (IF group) or @entity0 with no renal alteration or renal risk (NR group). Clinical variables were compared between the IF and NR groups using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Postoperative acute change in renal function was observed in 34 (44.2%) @entity0 (unimodal distribution), among whom 23 @entity0 (29.8%) constituted the IF group. In univariate analysis, the absence of @entity9 in the IPC bath, a higher duration of severe @entity5 , a lower postoperative blood protein level, and a lower volume of intra-operative diuresis were significantly associated with the occurrence of @entity1 or failure. In multivariate analysis, the absence of @entity9 was the only factor associated with the occurrence of moderate to severe @entity6 (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]=4.49 [1.36-14.80]). CONCLUSIONS: Transient @entity6 after @entity7 -based IPC associated with cytoreductive surgery is frequent and intra-peritoneal @entity9 plays a protective role.

title: Protective effect of intra-peritoneal XXXX on postoperative renal function after @entity7 -based intra-peritoneal intra-operative chemotherapy.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of @entity1 (invasive carcinoma or @entity4 ) in @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 (B3) on core needle biopsy (CNB) of breast lesions by reviewing the published literature. METHODS: Medline, Embase, OVID-database and reference lists were searched to identify and review all English-language articles addressing the management of LN diagnosed on CNB. Studies on mixed breast pathologies were excluded. RESULTS: Of 1229 LN diagnosed on CNB, 789 (64%) underwent surgical excision. 211 (27%) of excisions contained either @entity4 or invasive disease. 280 of the excision specimens were classified as ALH, 241 as LCIS, 22 as @entity3 and 246 unspecified LN on the original CNB. After surgical excision, 19% of the ALH cases, 32% of the LCIS cases and 41% of the PLCIS cases, contained @entity1 . 29% of the unspecified LNs were upgraded to @entity1 . The higher incidence of @entity1 within excision specimens for LCIS and PLCIS compared to ALH was significant (P  <  0.04, <0.003 respectively). CONCLUSION: There is a significant underestimation of @entity1 in @entity0 diagnosed with breast LN on CNB. 27% cases of CNB-diagnosed LN were found to contain @entity1 following surgical excision. All @entity0 diagnosed with LN on CNB should be considered for surgical excision biopsy.

title: @entity2 in-situ and XXXX of the breast--a review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of @entity1 (invasive carcinoma or @entity4 ) in @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 (B3) on core needle biopsy (CNB) of breast lesions by reviewing the published literature. METHODS: Medline, Embase, OVID-database and reference lists were searched to identify and review all English-language articles addressing the management of LN diagnosed on CNB. Studies on mixed breast pathologies were excluded. RESULTS: Of 1229 LN diagnosed on CNB, 789 (64%) underwent surgical excision. 211 (27%) of excisions contained either @entity4 or invasive disease. 280 of the excision specimens were classified as ALH, 241 as LCIS, 22 as @entity3 and 246 unspecified LN on the original CNB. After surgical excision, 19% of the ALH cases, 32% of the LCIS cases and 41% of the PLCIS cases, contained @entity1 . 29% of the unspecified LNs were upgraded to @entity1 . The higher incidence of @entity1 within excision specimens for LCIS and PLCIS compared to ALH was significant (P  <  0.04, <0.003 respectively). CONCLUSION: There is a significant underestimation of @entity1 in @entity0 diagnosed with breast LN on CNB. 27% cases of CNB-diagnosed LN were found to contain @entity1 following surgical excision. All @entity0 diagnosed with LN on CNB should be considered for surgical excision biopsy.

title: XXXX in-situ and @entity2 of the breast--a review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Proliferating cells are hardly detectable in the adult @entity0 brain by microscopy of stained sections, but after pre-labeling with radioactive @entity5 or @entity6 ( @entity6 ), either marks the nucleus, as do mitosis-related proteins such as Ki67 and PCNA. @entity4 may also be used to mark proliferating cells. One alternative approach is to use the enzyme @entity8 reductase (RNR), expressed by proliferating cells, but not by quiescent ones. A monoclonal antibody against the M1 subunit of RNR was used to visualize proliferating cells in the brains of adult normal @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity7 and @entity3 . Stem cells were distinctly outlined. In the subgranular layer in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, most RNR immunoreactive cells were bipolar to multipolar, and had a large cell body and long processes. Two different populations of RNR expressing cells were visualized in the subventricular zone in the forebrain, one dominated by small, bipolar cells extending into the rostral migratory stream, while the other was formed by large multipolar cells, adjacent to the ependyma, with processes extending to the lateral ventricle. Furthermore, rare RNR-expressing cells were recognized throughout the brain. The RNR immunoreactive cells were immature, as they did not express any marker characterizing differentiated neurons and glial cells, except for a fraction that co-expressed the gliofibrillary acidic protein. @entity6 and RNR were co-localized in proliferating cells in animals pretreated with @entity6 . We conclude that RNR immunohistochemistry can accurately visualize proliferating cells, including stem cells, in adult @entity0 brains. The occurrence of processes at cell proliferation is elucidated. Further, the advocated approach does not require any pre-labeling, and can be carried out on fixed tissues.

title: Visualization of proliferating cells in the adult @entity0 brain with the aid of XXXX reductase.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Proliferating cells are hardly detectable in the adult @entity0 brain by microscopy of stained sections, but after pre-labeling with radioactive @entity5 or @entity6 ( @entity6 ), either marks the nucleus, as do mitosis-related proteins such as Ki67 and PCNA. @entity4 may also be used to mark proliferating cells. One alternative approach is to use the enzyme @entity8 reductase (RNR), expressed by proliferating cells, but not by quiescent ones. A monoclonal antibody against the M1 subunit of RNR was used to visualize proliferating cells in the brains of adult normal @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity7 and @entity3 . Stem cells were distinctly outlined. In the subgranular layer in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, most RNR immunoreactive cells were bipolar to multipolar, and had a large cell body and long processes. Two different populations of RNR expressing cells were visualized in the subventricular zone in the forebrain, one dominated by small, bipolar cells extending into the rostral migratory stream, while the other was formed by large multipolar cells, adjacent to the ependyma, with processes extending to the lateral ventricle. Furthermore, rare RNR-expressing cells were recognized throughout the brain. The RNR immunoreactive cells were immature, as they did not express any marker characterizing differentiated neurons and glial cells, except for a fraction that co-expressed the gliofibrillary acidic protein. @entity6 and RNR were co-localized in proliferating cells in animals pretreated with @entity6 . We conclude that RNR immunohistochemistry can accurately visualize proliferating cells, including stem cells, in adult @entity0 brains. The occurrence of processes at cell proliferation is elucidated. Further, the advocated approach does not require any pre-labeling, and can be carried out on fixed tissues.

title: Visualization of proliferating cells in the adult XXXX brain with the aid of @entity8 reductase.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: New targets and approaches are under investigation for the treatment of nonmuscle invasive @entity2 (NMIBC). Preclinical data suggest @entity5 ( @entity5 ) as a promising target. @entity6 , a @entity5 selective inhibitor, inhibits @entity1 development and enhances survival, both in vitro and in vivo models of @entity2 . Therefore, we conducted a pilot study of @entity6 to prevent recurrence in @entity0 with intermediate risk NMIBC. METHODS: Treatment with @entity6 was administered orally for 12 months and compared with a contemporary series of @entity0 treated with intravesical @entity3 ( @entity4 ), given weekly for 4 weeks and then monthly for 11 months. Primary endpoints were time to first recurrence and adverse events. RESULTS: From 2003 through 2006, 58 @entity0 were treated with @entity6 and compared with 66 @entity0 receiving @entity4 . After a median follow up of 75 months, 49 @entity0 were disease free, including 23 (34.85%) in the @entity4 group and 26 (44.8%) in the @entity6 group. Median disease-free interval was 67 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 35.8 to NA] versus 41 months (95% CI 27.1-67.1; log-rank p = 0.25) for @entity0 treated with @entity4 and @entity6 , respectively. In the multivariate analysis, treatment was not found to be an independent predictor for recurrence [hazard ratio (HR) 0.76, 95% CI 0.47-1.22, p = 0.25). Overall, 45 AEs were recorded in 35/124 @entity0 . There were no differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support a clinical benefit of @entity6 and encourage future trials in which @entity5 inhibitors may be tested in selected @entity0 with NMIBC.

title: XXXX for the prevention of nonmuscle invasive @entity2 : results from a matched control study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: New targets and approaches are under investigation for the treatment of nonmuscle invasive @entity2 (NMIBC). Preclinical data suggest @entity5 ( @entity5 ) as a promising target. @entity6 , a @entity5 selective inhibitor, inhibits @entity1 development and enhances survival, both in vitro and in vivo models of @entity2 . Therefore, we conducted a pilot study of @entity6 to prevent recurrence in @entity0 with intermediate risk NMIBC. METHODS: Treatment with @entity6 was administered orally for 12 months and compared with a contemporary series of @entity0 treated with intravesical @entity3 ( @entity4 ), given weekly for 4 weeks and then monthly for 11 months. Primary endpoints were time to first recurrence and adverse events. RESULTS: From 2003 through 2006, 58 @entity0 were treated with @entity6 and compared with 66 @entity0 receiving @entity4 . After a median follow up of 75 months, 49 @entity0 were disease free, including 23 (34.85%) in the @entity4 group and 26 (44.8%) in the @entity6 group. Median disease-free interval was 67 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 35.8 to NA] versus 41 months (95% CI 27.1-67.1; log-rank p = 0.25) for @entity0 treated with @entity4 and @entity6 , respectively. In the multivariate analysis, treatment was not found to be an independent predictor for recurrence [hazard ratio (HR) 0.76, 95% CI 0.47-1.22, p = 0.25). Overall, 45 AEs were recorded in 35/124 @entity0 . There were no differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data support a clinical benefit of @entity6 and encourage future trials in which @entity5 inhibitors may be tested in selected @entity0 with NMIBC.

title: @entity6 for the prevention of nonmuscle invasive XXXX : results from a matched control study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 type 1 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase (3 beta-HSD/isomerase) catalyzes the two sequential enzyme reactions on a single protein that converts @entity9 or @entity12 to @entity11 or @entity5 , respectively, in placenta, mammary gland, @entity0 , prostate, @entity2 , and other peripheral tissues. Our earlier studies show that the two enzyme reactions are linked by the coenzyme product, @entity8 , of the 3 beta-HSD activity. @entity8 activates the isomerase activity by inducing a time-dependent conformational change in the enzyme protein. The current study tested the hypothesis that the 3 beta-HSD and isomerase activities shared a common coenzyme domain, and it characterized key @entity7 that participated in coenzyme binding and the isomerase reaction. Homology modeling with @entity3 - @entity13 -4-epimerase predicts that Asp36 is responsible for the NAD(H) specificity of @entity1 3 beta-HSD/isomerase and identifies the Rossmann-fold coenzyme domain at the @entity6 terminus. The @entity15 / @entity16 mutant in the potential coenzyme domain and the @entity14 , @entity17 , @entity18 , and @entity19 mutants in the potential isomerase domain (previously identified by affinity labeling) were created, expressed, and purified. The @entity15 / @entity16 mutant shifts the cofactor preference of both 3 beta-HSD and isomerase from @entity8 (H) to @entity4 (H), which shows that the two activities utilize a common coenzyme domain. The @entity17 and @entity18 mutations eliminate isomerase activity, whereas the @entity14 and @entity19 mutants have nearly full isomerase activity. Kinetic analyses and pH dependence studies showed that either @entity10 257 or @entity10 258 plays a catalytic role in the isomerization reaction. These observations further characterize the structure/function relationships of @entity1 3 beta-HSD/isomerase and bring us closer to the goal of selectively inhibiting the type 1 enzyme in placenta (to control the timing of labor) or in hormone-sensitive @entity0 (to slow their growth).

title: Structure/function relationships responsible for coenzyme specificity and the isomerase activity of XXXX type 1 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epidemiological investigations have revealed that the consumption of green tea, which is a rich source of @entity4 (EGCG), is associated with a reduced risk of @entity1 . A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have also demonstrated that EGCG exerts a significant positive effect on osteogenesis; however, the single effect of EGCG on osteogenic differentiation has been seldom studied. EGCG was hypothesized to function as an enhancer or an inducer. In the present study, the effect of EGCG on the osteogenic differentiation of primary @entity0 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), without other additives, was investigated. Three groups of stem cells were analyzed, which included a negative control group (hBMSCs cultured with culture medium only), an experimental group (cells treated with culture medium containing 2.5, 5 and 10   M EGCG), and a positive control group (cells cultured with osteogenesis-induced culture medium). After 3, 7, 14 and 21 days, cell proliferation, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) activity and the expression of associated osteogenic genes were analyzed. The results revealed that @entity2 activity and the expression of associated osteogenic genes, with the exception of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), were not affected by EGCG treatment alone. These results indicated that EGCG itself had little effect on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs; however, EGCG was able to enhance osteogenesis in the presence of osteoinductive agents through the upregulation of @entity3 expression. Additionally, EGCG was shown to promote cell growth, demonstrating its safety as a therapeutic agent. Therefore, the present study indicated that treatment with EGCG was dependent on other osteogenic inducers.

title: Role of XXXX in the osteogenic differentiation of @entity0 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: An enhancer or an inducer?

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epidemiological investigations have revealed that the consumption of green tea, which is a rich source of @entity4 (EGCG), is associated with a reduced risk of @entity1 . A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have also demonstrated that EGCG exerts a significant positive effect on osteogenesis; however, the single effect of EGCG on osteogenic differentiation has been seldom studied. EGCG was hypothesized to function as an enhancer or an inducer. In the present study, the effect of EGCG on the osteogenic differentiation of primary @entity0 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), without other additives, was investigated. Three groups of stem cells were analyzed, which included a negative control group (hBMSCs cultured with culture medium only), an experimental group (cells treated with culture medium containing 2.5, 5 and 10   M EGCG), and a positive control group (cells cultured with osteogenesis-induced culture medium). After 3, 7, 14 and 21 days, cell proliferation, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) activity and the expression of associated osteogenic genes were analyzed. The results revealed that @entity2 activity and the expression of associated osteogenic genes, with the exception of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), were not affected by EGCG treatment alone. These results indicated that EGCG itself had little effect on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs; however, EGCG was able to enhance osteogenesis in the presence of osteoinductive agents through the upregulation of @entity3 expression. Additionally, EGCG was shown to promote cell growth, demonstrating its safety as a therapeutic agent. Therefore, the present study indicated that treatment with EGCG was dependent on other osteogenic inducers.

title: Role of @entity4 in the osteogenic differentiation of XXXX bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: An enhancer or an inducer?

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Animal models are indispensable for the study of tumorigenesis and the development of anti- @entity2 drugs for @entity0 @entity5 . In the present study, two orthotopic xenograft @entity3 models were developed. @entity0 @entity0 @entity5 cells were stably labeled with red fluorescent protein ( @entity6 ) and injected subcutaneously into @entity3 . For the @entity2 mass model, the formed subcutaneous @entity2 were cut into blocks and implanted into the pancreas of @entity3 via laparotomy. For the Matrigel    @entity2 block model, solidified Matrigel containing @entity6 -labeled @entity0 cells was cut into blocks and implanted into the pancreas of @entity3 . A subcutaneous @entity2 xenograft model was used as a control. @entity2 growth and @entity1 were assessed using an in vivo fluorescence imaging system. Thirty-six days after implantation, all @entity3 from the two orthotopic xenograft models (n=20 per group) and 55% of the subcutaneous xenograft @entity3 (n=20) developed @entity2 . The @entity2 growth rate was significantly higher in the orthotopic models than that in the subcutaneous model (P<0.01). @entity1 to organs such as the liver was observed in the @entity2 models. Histological examination showed that the @entity2 were poorly differentiated @entity4 . In conclusion, two orthotopic xenograft @entity3 models of @entity0 @entity5 were established; these exhibited greater @entity2 growth and @entity1 than the subcutaneous xenograft @entity3 model.

title: Construction of orthotopic xenograft @entity3 models for @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Animal models are indispensable for the study of tumorigenesis and the development of anti- @entity2 drugs for @entity0 @entity5 . In the present study, two orthotopic xenograft @entity3 models were developed. @entity0 @entity0 @entity5 cells were stably labeled with red fluorescent protein ( @entity6 ) and injected subcutaneously into @entity3 . For the @entity2 mass model, the formed subcutaneous @entity2 were cut into blocks and implanted into the pancreas of @entity3 via laparotomy. For the Matrigel    @entity2 block model, solidified Matrigel containing @entity6 -labeled @entity0 cells was cut into blocks and implanted into the pancreas of @entity3 . A subcutaneous @entity2 xenograft model was used as a control. @entity2 growth and @entity1 were assessed using an in vivo fluorescence imaging system. Thirty-six days after implantation, all @entity3 from the two orthotopic xenograft models (n=20 per group) and 55% of the subcutaneous xenograft @entity3 (n=20) developed @entity2 . The @entity2 growth rate was significantly higher in the orthotopic models than that in the subcutaneous model (P<0.01). @entity1 to organs such as the liver was observed in the @entity2 models. Histological examination showed that the @entity2 were poorly differentiated @entity4 . In conclusion, two orthotopic xenograft @entity3 models of @entity0 @entity5 were established; these exhibited greater @entity2 growth and @entity1 than the subcutaneous xenograft @entity3 model.

title: Construction of orthotopic xenograft XXXX models for @entity0 @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Animal models are indispensable for the study of tumorigenesis and the development of anti- @entity2 drugs for @entity0 @entity5 . In the present study, two orthotopic xenograft @entity3 models were developed. @entity0 @entity0 @entity5 cells were stably labeled with red fluorescent protein ( @entity6 ) and injected subcutaneously into @entity3 . For the @entity2 mass model, the formed subcutaneous @entity2 were cut into blocks and implanted into the pancreas of @entity3 via laparotomy. For the Matrigel    @entity2 block model, solidified Matrigel containing @entity6 -labeled @entity0 cells was cut into blocks and implanted into the pancreas of @entity3 . A subcutaneous @entity2 xenograft model was used as a control. @entity2 growth and @entity1 were assessed using an in vivo fluorescence imaging system. Thirty-six days after implantation, all @entity3 from the two orthotopic xenograft models (n=20 per group) and 55% of the subcutaneous xenograft @entity3 (n=20) developed @entity2 . The @entity2 growth rate was significantly higher in the orthotopic models than that in the subcutaneous model (P<0.01). @entity1 to organs such as the liver was observed in the @entity2 models. Histological examination showed that the @entity2 were poorly differentiated @entity4 . In conclusion, two orthotopic xenograft @entity3 models of @entity0 @entity5 were established; these exhibited greater @entity2 growth and @entity1 than the subcutaneous xenograft @entity3 model.

title: Construction of orthotopic xenograft @entity3 models for XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Limited data are available with regard to the impact of daily lifestyle choices in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) who have undergone stent placement. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of daily lifestyle factors in @entity0 with @entity3 following stent implantation. Between March 2005 and March 2006, 129 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 were admitted to Cangzhou Central Hospital at Hebei Medical University (Cangzhou, China). The @entity0 underwent coronary stenting and participated in a 7-year clinical follow-up that analyzed the impact of their daily lifestyle choices on @entity3 following the stent placement. Rates of dinner satiety [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.121-10.97, P=0.005], smoking (95% CI, 4.05-34.90, P=2.01*10(-7)) and heavy @entity2 use (95% CI, 1.32-11.05, P=0.006) were significantly higher in the repeated (re)-revascularization group when compared with the non-revascularization group. In addition, the exercise rate was significantly lower in the re-revascularization group when compared with the non-revascularization group (95% CI, 0.02-0.65, P=0.005). However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups with regard to sleeping patterns (95% CI, 0.03-0.71, P=0.270) or @entity1 rates (P=0.289). A coronary angiography performed during re-revascularization revealed in-stent restenosis in 26% of the @entity0 , stenoses at the entrance to or exit from the stent in 29% of the @entity0 and new lesions in 19% of the @entity0 . Furthermore, original lesions exhibited deterioration in 26% of the @entity0 . The clinical endpoint was reached in 55% of the @entity0 between 3 and 5 years of the follow-up period. In conclusion, poor daily lifestyle habits can increase the in-stent restenosis rate, accelerate the progression of the original lesion and promote the emergence of new lesions in @entity0 with @entity3 following stent placement.

title: Impact of daily lifestyle on XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence of deeply infiltrating endometriotic lesions among surgically treated @entity1 @entity0 , and determine clinical parameters associated with the presence of deep disease. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Regional central hospital. POPULATION: @entity0 undergoing surgical treatment of @entity1 . METHODS: Complete excision of all visible endometriotic lesions and adhesions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number and location of @entity2 , association between the presence of @entity2 , relevant preoperative and intraoperative factors. RESULTS: Of 201 surgically treated @entity1 @entity0 , 103 (51.2%) had @entity2 , 43.3% had uterosacral ligament @entity2 , 18.4% intestinal, 15.4% rectovaginal, and 3.5% urinary bladder @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity2 had more often undergone previous operations for @entity1 (p<0.01), had been operated on for @entity3 (p<0.01) and had a totally obliterated rectovaginal pouch (p<0.01), compared to @entity0 without @entity2 . In multivariate analysis, @entity3 as an indication for surgery (OR 3.9, 95%CI 1.8-8.9, p<0.01) and totally obliterated rectovaginal pouch (OR 4.0, 95%CI 1.7-9.4, p<0.01) were independent prognostic factors for the presence of deep disease. CONCLUSIONS: Deeply infiltrating @entity1 is common in surgically treated @entity1 @entity0 and should be searched for in those with persistent @entity3 and where obliteration of the rectovaginal pouch is detected at surgery.

title: Deeply infiltrating disease in surgically treated XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the incidence of deeply infiltrating endometriotic lesions among surgically treated @entity1 @entity0 , and determine clinical parameters associated with the presence of deep disease. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Regional central hospital. POPULATION: @entity0 undergoing surgical treatment of @entity1 . METHODS: Complete excision of all visible endometriotic lesions and adhesions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number and location of @entity2 , association between the presence of @entity2 , relevant preoperative and intraoperative factors. RESULTS: Of 201 surgically treated @entity1 @entity0 , 103 (51.2%) had @entity2 , 43.3% had uterosacral ligament @entity2 , 18.4% intestinal, 15.4% rectovaginal, and 3.5% urinary bladder @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity2 had more often undergone previous operations for @entity1 (p<0.01), had been operated on for @entity3 (p<0.01) and had a totally obliterated rectovaginal pouch (p<0.01), compared to @entity0 without @entity2 . In multivariate analysis, @entity3 as an indication for surgery (OR 3.9, 95%CI 1.8-8.9, p<0.01) and totally obliterated rectovaginal pouch (OR 4.0, 95%CI 1.7-9.4, p<0.01) were independent prognostic factors for the presence of deep disease. CONCLUSIONS: Deeply infiltrating @entity1 is common in surgically treated @entity1 @entity0 and should be searched for in those with persistent @entity3 and where obliteration of the rectovaginal pouch is detected at surgery.

title: Deeply infiltrating disease in surgically treated @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is specific to @entity4 ( @entity4 ), but can also be found in certain @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Effective methods of differentiating between @entity4 and @entity1 are required, as their clinical course and management are different. Titers of @entity2 were analyzed before and after follow-up in @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity1 . @entity0 who underwent liver biopsy and were diagnosed with either @entity1 (10 @entity0 ) or @entity4 (3 @entity0 ) were enrolled in the study. The @entity2 antibody titers of these @entity0 were analyzed upon hospital admission. @entity2 reacted with the @entity3 dehydrogenase complex-E2, branched-chain @entity6 dehydrogenase complex and @entity5 dehydrogenase complex in the assay utilized for this study. The cut-off value for @entity2 was 5. Six @entity1 @entity0 were @entity2 (-) and 4 were @entity2 (+). The titer for the @entity1 @entity0 who were @entity2 (+) was 24.8  14.8, compared with 324  174 in the @entity0 with @entity4 (P=0.0138). Three @entity2 (+) @entity1 @entity0 were followed-up after liver biopsy. The @entity2 levels had decreased in all 3 @entity0 , becoming undetectable in 2 of them. In conclusion, certain @entity0 with @entity1 in this study were found to be @entity2 (+), but the titers were significantly lower than those in the @entity0 with @entity4 . At follow-up, the @entity1 @entity0 exhibited @entity2 .

title: @entity2 -positive XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is specific to @entity4 ( @entity4 ), but can also be found in certain @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Effective methods of differentiating between @entity4 and @entity1 are required, as their clinical course and management are different. Titers of @entity2 were analyzed before and after follow-up in @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity1 . @entity0 who underwent liver biopsy and were diagnosed with either @entity1 (10 @entity0 ) or @entity4 (3 @entity0 ) were enrolled in the study. The @entity2 antibody titers of these @entity0 were analyzed upon hospital admission. @entity2 reacted with the @entity3 dehydrogenase complex-E2, branched-chain @entity6 dehydrogenase complex and @entity5 dehydrogenase complex in the assay utilized for this study. The cut-off value for @entity2 was 5. Six @entity1 @entity0 were @entity2 (-) and 4 were @entity2 (+). The titer for the @entity1 @entity0 who were @entity2 (+) was 24.8  14.8, compared with 324  174 in the @entity0 with @entity4 (P=0.0138). Three @entity2 (+) @entity1 @entity0 were followed-up after liver biopsy. The @entity2 levels had decreased in all 3 @entity0 , becoming undetectable in 2 of them. In conclusion, certain @entity0 with @entity1 in this study were found to be @entity2 (+), but the titers were significantly lower than those in the @entity0 with @entity4 . At follow-up, the @entity1 @entity0 exhibited @entity2 .

title: XXXX -positive @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The World Health Organization's recommendation for dietary intake of essential @entity4 is 3% of energy (en%) of @entity6 . Evidence from @entity1 studies suggests that more than 3 en% is desirable for the regulation of eicosanoid metabolism. With such a low level of available @entity6 , @entity0 tend to synthesize more @entity5 than they do with 6% or more energy from @entity6 . High rates of @entity7 probably are deleterious, so that the lower rate commensurate with 6-12 en% of @entity6 probably is desirable. The amount of @entity6 needed for normal function is influenced by the dietary content of other @entity4 , particularly saturated fats and those of the n-3 family. @entity2 is necessary for normal metabolism of @entity3 . In a diet providing sufficient available total energy with 30% as fat, the lower range of @entity6 (6-8 en%) probably is sufficient if the @entity8 content is 10% or less. With a greater proportion of @entity4 , more @entity6 is needed to maintain a polyunsaturated to @entity8 ratio of 0.7 to 1.0. Some n-3 @entity4 probably are required, and more than a minimal amount may be beneficial. Current recommendations are for 0.5-1.0 en% in a diet containing 5-6 en% of @entity6 .

title: Essential XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The World Health Organization's recommendation for dietary intake of essential @entity4 is 3% of energy (en%) of @entity6 . Evidence from @entity1 studies suggests that more than 3 en% is desirable for the regulation of eicosanoid metabolism. With such a low level of available @entity6 , @entity0 tend to synthesize more @entity5 than they do with 6% or more energy from @entity6 . High rates of @entity7 probably are deleterious, so that the lower rate commensurate with 6-12 en% of @entity6 probably is desirable. The amount of @entity6 needed for normal function is influenced by the dietary content of other @entity4 , particularly saturated fats and those of the n-3 family. @entity2 is necessary for normal metabolism of @entity3 . In a diet providing sufficient available total energy with 30% as fat, the lower range of @entity6 (6-8 en%) probably is sufficient if the @entity8 content is 10% or less. With a greater proportion of @entity4 , more @entity6 is needed to maintain a polyunsaturated to @entity8 ratio of 0.7 to 1.0. Some n-3 @entity4 probably are required, and more than a minimal amount may be beneficial. Current recommendations are for 0.5-1.0 en% in a diet containing 5-6 en% of @entity6 .

title: Essential @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 metastatic to the stomach was analyzed in 35 @entity0 . Ten were discovered in surgical specimens and 25 at autopsy. All @entity0 were @entity0 with a mean age of 62 years. Primary lesions were most frequently located in the middle of thoracic esophagus and were larger than 7 cm. @entity3 was found in 29% of the @entity0 . Local spread of the primary lesions to neighboring structures was seen in 34%. Lymphatic invasion, and intramural @entity1 within the esophagus, as well as lymph node @entity1 , were predominant. Metastatic lesions within the stomach were mostly located in the @entity4 , were less than 2 cm or more than 4 cm in size, and resembled @entity2 . Gastric @entity1 occasionally spread from the submucosa to neighboring structures. In spite of aggressive treatment, the prognosis was extremely poor because of multiple spread of @entity3 to local regions, lymph nodes, and distant organs. The clinicopathologic characteristics of this disease and possible treatment are discussed.

title: XXXX metastatic to the stomach. A clinicopathologic study of 35 cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The locomotor patterns typical of wandering behaviour were studied electromyographically in abdominal segments of freely moving larvae of @entity1 . Crawling locomotion consisted of stereotyped, anteriorly-directed, peristaltic waves of intersegmental muscle contraction. During burrowing the intersegmental muscles of all abdominal segments contracted simultaneously for several consecutive cycles and then performed a single bout of the crawling pattern. Sensory inputs determined which motor patterns were used and how they were modified. Local sensory inputs could modify patterns in the specific segments affected. The neural circuitry that was required to generate the peristaltic and bracing patterns was repeated among the thoracic and abdominal @entity0 , and normally wa activated by the suboesophageal ganglion (SEG) and brain. In the absence of connections with the SEG and brain the segmental motor pattern generators could be activated by strong sensory stimuli. When the thoracic and abdominal segments lacked connections with the SEG, spontaneous movements were infrequent prior to wandering, but increased markedly at wandering or following @entity2 (20-HE) infusion. Prior to wandering the SEG drives spontaneous locomotion in debrained larvae, but this function disappears in wandering larvae, or following 20-HE infusion. Prior to wandering the brain exerted a net inhibitory influence on locomotion. Removal of the medial region of the brain abolished this inhibition, resulting in strong, continuous locomotion which was driven by the lateral region of the brain. This lateral excitatory function of the brain was not altered by 20-HE infusion prior to wandering, nor did it change with the appearance of wandering behaviour. We conclude that the locomotor patterns used during wandering are produced by pattern generators in the segmental @entity0 and are modified by sensory information. The circuitry responsible for activating these motor pattern generators is associated with the SEG, and is under the control of the brain. The brain exerts a net inhibitory influence prior to wandering, which becomes excitatory during wandering. Ecdysteroids appear to alter locomotor function by acting at various levels including the segmental @entity0 , the SEG and the brain. A model is advanced describing this effect.

title: The physiology of wandering behaviour in XXXX . III. Organization of wandering behaviour in the larval nervous system.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Vascular reserve in underperfused myocardium has recently been described. This seemingly paradoxical observation conflicts with older concepts of the coronary circulation which hold that @entity1 do not develop until reserve is fully exhausted. To examine this phenomenon in greater detail in an animal model mimicking a fixed @entity0 @entity6 , we analysed the records of 25 carefully selected, sedated @entity5 all instrumented with a rigid @entity6 (82% lumenal diameter reduction). Each animal satisfied the following criteria: 1) perfused myocardial mass beyond the @entity3 was within a narrow weight range (16 to 24 g); and 2) post @entity3 (distal) epicardial (Epi) and @entity2 were less than or equal to 90% of respective flows in a region perfused by the non-stenosed circumflex (CX) coronary artery. Accordingly, distal flow was reduced compared to circumflex zone flow (p less than 0.01) in the Epi (173 +/- 51 to 113 +/- 32 ml . 100g-1 . min-1), Endo (146 +/- 39 to 116 +/- 27) and transmural (Tm) regions (164 +/- 45 to 124 +/- 31). Despite a flow deficit and constant severity of @entity3 , distal zone Tm resistance (0.55 +/- 0.21 mmHg/ml . 100 g-1 . min-1) exceeded the minimum level achievable with intravenous infusion of @entity4 (0.25 +/- 0.07) in a separate group of eight animals without a @entity3 . Distal transmural resistance also varied over a five fold range (0.27 to 1.33) and in 20/25 animals exceeded the highest level (0.37) seen in non- @entity3 animals during @entity4 infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Elevated coronary vascular resistance in the presence of reduced resting blood flow distal to a severe XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The possible role of @entity4 upon the nature of myocardial response to regional and global left ventricular ischaemia was investigated. Global ischaemia was accomplished by temporary occlusion of the left main coronary artery and regional ischaemia by temporary ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Isometric force of contraction was measured with strain gauge arches, regional blood flow by a thermistor technique and intracellular @entity3 redox level by a fluorometric technique. These measurements were made simultaneously in two areas on the left ventricular myocardium: one immediately below the bifurcation of the LAD and the other immediately below the circumflex coronary artery. Following LAD occlusion a variable inotropic response was observed in the ischaemic area. A decrease in contractile tension was found in 19 of the @entity1 (44%), no change in 23% and an increase was found in 33%. Global ischaemia invariably resulted in a decrease in contractile tension. @entity3 redox state was markedly higher during global than during regional ischaemia. @entity2 administration blocked the positive inotropic response to regional ischaemia. It is concluded that endogenous @entity5 release may be responsible for increased contractile force during regional ischaemia. This response is apparently limited by the @entity0 availability to the tissue.

title: Effect of global vs regional ischaemia upon myocardial contractility and XXXX balance.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The CNS maintains a fundamental distinction between actions elicited by external stimuli and actions elicited by internal goals (acts of will). As a result the intact organism can monitor centrally three aspects of its own actions: (1) the action appropriate to current external stimulation (stimulus intention or meaning); (2) the action appropriate to current goals (willed intention); and (3) the action which was actually selected (corollary discharge). In @entity4 (acute) @entity2 @entity0 , intentions of will lead to actions, but these willed intentions are not monitored correctly. This apparent discrepancy between will and action gives rise to experiential (1st rank) positive symptoms (e.g. delusions of control and passivity). In Type II (chronic) @entity0 , intentions of will are no longer properly formed and so actions are rarely elicited via this route. This gives rise to behavioural negative signs (e.g. poverty of speech). The behaviour of Type II schizophrenics has surface similarities to that shown by @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity0 with @entity1 in that all three types of @entity0 show a relative deficit of actions elicited by willed intentions. @entity6 blocking drugs reduce positive symptoms in @entity4 @entity0 precisely because they induce @entity5 , i.e. reduce the likelihood of actions being initiated by willed intentions. This in turn reduces the likelihood that actions will occur for which the @entity0 had no awareness of his intention to act.

title: The positive and negative symptoms of XXXX reflect impairments in the perception and initiation of action.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Cell encapsulation provides a method to circumvent the host immune system by encapsulating cells or tissues in immunoisolating, semipermeable membranes before implantation. The technology has been widely studied with an aim of developing bio-organs transplantable into @entity0 without the need of immunosuppression, and in @entity1 therapy, the principle of cell encapsulation may be further exploited. Encapsulated recombinant cells represent factories or bioreactors for the production of therapeutic proteins. By implanting the bioreactors in the vicinity of the @entity1 , long-term local de novo delivery of the therapeutic proteins may be achieved. Malignant @entity5 such as @entity4 ( @entity4 ) remain highly lethal @entity1 , refractory to current therapies. Researchers and medical professionals are working on developing translational therapies to combat these aggressive @entity1 . Numerous clinical trials on gene therapy for @entity2 @entity0 have been conducted over the last decade, but the results have largely been disappointing. Cell encapsulation represents an alternative method for local delivery of therapeutic proteins with antineoplastic properties to @entity2 @entity0 . The concept has not yet reached clinical trials, but encouraging results have been achieved in @entity3 bearing @entity2 when implanting endostatin-secreting encapsulated cells into the @entity3 brain. This review primarily focuses on the recent progress that has been made with cell encapsulation technology. In addition, the challenges this field faces before clinical application in @entity5 @entity0 is discussed.

title: Progress and challenges for cell encapsulation in XXXX therapy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: We have examined sera from 141 @entity0 with @entity3 and 11 @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 for antibodies to a @entity4 extract of skeletal muscle (CA-antibodies). Sera were obtained from 5 different centers. The thymus histology was defined in each case. Sera from 56/66 @entity0 (85%) with @entity2 contained CA-antibodies, while such antibodies were only detected in 6/75 (8%) of the non- @entity2 @entity0 . None of the @entity0 with @entity6 had CA-antibodies. One MG @entity0 who developed MG after a bone-marrow transplantation, also developed CA-antibodies. The remaining 5 CA positive non- @entity2 MG @entity0 were all greater than 65 years and had thymic atrophy. Two of them had @entity3 and @entity5 rheumatica. In 2 @entity2 @entity0 with non-detectable levels of CA-antibodies before thymectomy, such antibodies were demonstrated in high titres after the operation. In 2 other sera from @entity2 @entity0 , the titres of CA-antibodies fell to less than 32 after thymectomy. There were 3 sera with CA-antibodies among 11 sera from non-MG @entity0 with thymic @entity1 .

title: CA-antibody: an immunological marker of thymic neoplasia in XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Antineoplastic therapy may cause @entity1 , which result in e.g. abnormal growth rate. The aim of the study was the assessment of @entity3 and @entity6 plasma concentrations in @entity0 after intensive therapy of @entity4 completed according to age, weight, height and therapy protocols ( @entity5 dose, Central Nervous System - CNS prophylaxis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 63 @entity0 (43 @entity0 ) were involved in this study with mean age 10.95+/-4.73 years after @entity4 therapy according to BFM protocols. 35 @entity0 were in maintenance therapy and 28 completely finished the therapy. 20 @entity0 had cranial irradiation as CNS prophylaxis (12 Gy). We assessed plasma levels of @entity3 and @entity6 in radioimmunoassay method and the obtained results were related to mean age values ( @entity2 core). RESULTS: 1. A) @entity3 mean plasma levels in @entity0 (n=30) before puberty (Tanner I) was 151.48+/-75.75 ng/ml and was lower than compared to value in the puberty group (n=16, Tanner II-IV) - 222.06+/-96.61 ng/ml p=0.000008. After puberty (Tanner V) @entity3 was 332.03+/-75.66 ng/ml. b) @entity6 was highest after puberty (3837.4 ng/ml +/-598.49); before puberty it was 2899.68+/-656.57 ng/ml, and in puberty it was 3593.14+/-598,49 ng/ml. 2. @entity3 @entity2 values were lower than mean age values. 3. @entity6 @entity2 were insignificantly higher than mean age values. 4. There were no differences between @entity3 @entity2 and @entity6 @entity2 according to gender, prior CNS prophylaxis, @entity5 dose and phase of maintenance therapy and completed therapy. 5. @entity3 and @entity6 correlated to each other and to body mass index, height but @entity3 @entity2 and @entity6 @entity2 was independent on age, CNS prophylaxis, BMI @entity2 and height @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: 1. @entity3 and @entity6 values are dependent on puberty degree, body mass index and height. 2. @entity3 @entity2 are lower and @entity6 values higher, independent on gender, therapy protocol and CNS prophylaxis (12 Gy).

title: [The assessment of plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and binding protein ( @entity6 ) during the maintenance therapy and after remissionof @entity4 ( XXXX )].

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Antineoplastic therapy may cause @entity1 , which result in e.g. abnormal growth rate. The aim of the study was the assessment of @entity3 and @entity6 plasma concentrations in @entity0 after intensive therapy of @entity4 completed according to age, weight, height and therapy protocols ( @entity5 dose, Central Nervous System - CNS prophylaxis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 63 @entity0 (43 @entity0 ) were involved in this study with mean age 10.95+/-4.73 years after @entity4 therapy according to BFM protocols. 35 @entity0 were in maintenance therapy and 28 completely finished the therapy. 20 @entity0 had cranial irradiation as CNS prophylaxis (12 Gy). We assessed plasma levels of @entity3 and @entity6 in radioimmunoassay method and the obtained results were related to mean age values ( @entity2 core). RESULTS: 1. A) @entity3 mean plasma levels in @entity0 (n=30) before puberty (Tanner I) was 151.48+/-75.75 ng/ml and was lower than compared to value in the puberty group (n=16, Tanner II-IV) - 222.06+/-96.61 ng/ml p=0.000008. After puberty (Tanner V) @entity3 was 332.03+/-75.66 ng/ml. b) @entity6 was highest after puberty (3837.4 ng/ml +/-598.49); before puberty it was 2899.68+/-656.57 ng/ml, and in puberty it was 3593.14+/-598,49 ng/ml. 2. @entity3 @entity2 values were lower than mean age values. 3. @entity6 @entity2 were insignificantly higher than mean age values. 4. There were no differences between @entity3 @entity2 and @entity6 @entity2 according to gender, prior CNS prophylaxis, @entity5 dose and phase of maintenance therapy and completed therapy. 5. @entity3 and @entity6 correlated to each other and to body mass index, height but @entity3 @entity2 and @entity6 @entity2 was independent on age, CNS prophylaxis, BMI @entity2 and height @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: 1. @entity3 and @entity6 values are dependent on puberty degree, body mass index and height. 2. @entity3 @entity2 are lower and @entity6 values higher, independent on gender, therapy protocol and CNS prophylaxis (12 Gy).

title: [The assessment of plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and binding protein ( @entity6 ) during the maintenance therapy and after remissionof XXXX ( @entity4 )].

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Antineoplastic therapy may cause @entity1 , which result in e.g. abnormal growth rate. The aim of the study was the assessment of @entity3 and @entity6 plasma concentrations in @entity0 after intensive therapy of @entity4 completed according to age, weight, height and therapy protocols ( @entity5 dose, Central Nervous System - CNS prophylaxis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 63 @entity0 (43 @entity0 ) were involved in this study with mean age 10.95+/-4.73 years after @entity4 therapy according to BFM protocols. 35 @entity0 were in maintenance therapy and 28 completely finished the therapy. 20 @entity0 had cranial irradiation as CNS prophylaxis (12 Gy). We assessed plasma levels of @entity3 and @entity6 in radioimmunoassay method and the obtained results were related to mean age values ( @entity2 core). RESULTS: 1. A) @entity3 mean plasma levels in @entity0 (n=30) before puberty (Tanner I) was 151.48+/-75.75 ng/ml and was lower than compared to value in the puberty group (n=16, Tanner II-IV) - 222.06+/-96.61 ng/ml p=0.000008. After puberty (Tanner V) @entity3 was 332.03+/-75.66 ng/ml. b) @entity6 was highest after puberty (3837.4 ng/ml +/-598.49); before puberty it was 2899.68+/-656.57 ng/ml, and in puberty it was 3593.14+/-598,49 ng/ml. 2. @entity3 @entity2 values were lower than mean age values. 3. @entity6 @entity2 were insignificantly higher than mean age values. 4. There were no differences between @entity3 @entity2 and @entity6 @entity2 according to gender, prior CNS prophylaxis, @entity5 dose and phase of maintenance therapy and completed therapy. 5. @entity3 and @entity6 correlated to each other and to body mass index, height but @entity3 @entity2 and @entity6 @entity2 was independent on age, CNS prophylaxis, BMI @entity2 and height @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: 1. @entity3 and @entity6 values are dependent on puberty degree, body mass index and height. 2. @entity3 @entity2 are lower and @entity6 values higher, independent on gender, therapy protocol and CNS prophylaxis (12 Gy).

title: [The assessment of plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and binding protein ( XXXX ) during the maintenance therapy and after remissionof @entity4 ( @entity4 )].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Previous studies have shown an increase in latency of the visual evoked response (VER) recorded from the cortical surface of adult @entity0 subjected to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) during pre- and postnatal development. This alteration has been shown to originate mainly from the cortex itself. In the present study the possibility of normalizing such VER alterations by nutritional rehabilitation after early @entity1 (R- @entity1 ) was investigated. Male @entity0 were subjected to pre- and early postnatal @entity1 through their mothers. Nutritional rehabilitation was started from weaning. The @entity0 gained weight rapidly compared with @entity0 subjected to @entity1 throughout postnatal development but never reached the weight of controls (C) of the same age. Food consumption in relation to body weight was similar to that of controls. Rehabilitation continued until adult age when neurophysiological experiments were performed. The VER recordings from the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) showed latencies similar to those reported previously for adult C and @entity1 @entity0 . The latencies of onset and first peaks of the cortical response recorded from the surface were increased by 5-6 ms in R- @entity1 compared with C @entity0 and hence similar to the latencies of adult @entity1 @entity0 . Intracortical responses to electrical stimulation in the dLGN were also similar to those of adult @entity1 @entity0 showing an normal onset latency but an increased latency of the peaks of the monosynaptic and late responses compared with C @entity0 . The present results imply that the increased VER latencies noted in adult @entity1 and R- @entity1 @entity0 are due to changes installed by @entity1 during early development since they can not be reversed by nutritional rehabilitation starting at weaning.

title: Functional development of the visual system in normal and protein-deprived XXXX . VI. Evoked responses in adult @entity0 , protein deprived in early life and nutritionally rehabilitated from weaning.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Previous studies have shown an increase in latency of the visual evoked response (VER) recorded from the cortical surface of adult @entity0 subjected to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) during pre- and postnatal development. This alteration has been shown to originate mainly from the cortex itself. In the present study the possibility of normalizing such VER alterations by nutritional rehabilitation after early @entity1 (R- @entity1 ) was investigated. Male @entity0 were subjected to pre- and early postnatal @entity1 through their mothers. Nutritional rehabilitation was started from weaning. The @entity0 gained weight rapidly compared with @entity0 subjected to @entity1 throughout postnatal development but never reached the weight of controls (C) of the same age. Food consumption in relation to body weight was similar to that of controls. Rehabilitation continued until adult age when neurophysiological experiments were performed. The VER recordings from the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) showed latencies similar to those reported previously for adult C and @entity1 @entity0 . The latencies of onset and first peaks of the cortical response recorded from the surface were increased by 5-6 ms in R- @entity1 compared with C @entity0 and hence similar to the latencies of adult @entity1 @entity0 . Intracortical responses to electrical stimulation in the dLGN were also similar to those of adult @entity1 @entity0 showing an normal onset latency but an increased latency of the peaks of the monosynaptic and late responses compared with C @entity0 . The present results imply that the increased VER latencies noted in adult @entity1 and R- @entity1 @entity0 are due to changes installed by @entity1 during early development since they can not be reversed by nutritional rehabilitation starting at weaning.

title: Functional development of the visual system in normal and protein-deprived @entity0 . VI. Evoked responses in adult XXXX , protein deprived in early life and nutritionally rehabilitated from weaning.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: To describe the incidence and aetiology of @entity2 in out-of-hospital @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the Maastricht area of the Netherlands. METHODS: All cases of @entity4 were studied in the age group 20 to 75 years between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2000. Demographic characteristics, aetiology and clinical features, related to @entity2 were studied. RESULTS: Four hundred and ninety-two @entity0 were included (72% @entity0 ), mean age of 62+/-10. The yearly incidence of @entity4 was 9.2/10,000 inhabitants. @entity3 represented 19% of all deaths, occurring in the same time period. In 52% of the @entity0 and 59% of @entity0 , @entity4 was the first manifestation of @entity1 . In the @entity4 group with a cardiac history overt @entity2 was present in 26% of the cases, the time interval between the first @entity2 episode and @entity4 being 4.3+/-6.3 year. In the @entity2 group the majority had previously been in a poor functional class and LVEF. Concerning aetiology, of the @entity4 group, 77% were known with CAD and 72% with an old MI. Also in the group with a LVEF >50% CAD was the most frequent cause. CONCLUSIONS: There is an increased risk of @entity4 at poorer pump function and most @entity4 victims with previous @entity2 are in a poor functional class @entity4 . However @entity2 is seen in only a minority of the @entity4 population. CAD is by far the most common cause of @entity4 .

title: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest--the relevance of XXXX . The Maastricht Circulatory Arrest Registry.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Internal sphincterotomy is thought by most surgeons to have minimal complications. We retrospectively reviewed 306 @entity0 following internal sphincterotomy to determine the incidence of any complications. Major complications (requiring reoperation) caused by @entity3 , @entity5 , abscess, or unhealed wounds occurred in ten @entity0 (3 percent). @entity4 caused by @entity1 , persistent wound, @entity2 , @entity5 , abscess, discharge, urgency, impaction, or defects of continence occurred in 110 @entity0 (36 percent). Complications were lowest for closed sphincterotomy (20 percent) and highest for open sphincterotomy alone (55 percent). All @entity0 were cured of anal fissure or @entity6 . Long-term follow-up (average 4.3 years) revealed a 22 percent incidence of persistent minor complications. Defects in continence caused 15 percent of total long-term morbidity. @entity4 occur frequently after internal sphincterotomy for anal fissure and @entity6 . Closed sphincterotomy has the lowest complication rate. Long-term minor defects in continence occur in a significant number of @entity0 .

title: Morbidity of internal sphincterotomy for anal fissure and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial of intravenous @entity3 in the treatment of sustained @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 29 @entity0 (20 @entity0 , 9 @entity0 ) were studied. Mean age was 55 years and all @entity0 were required to have well-documented @entity2 with a ventricular rate greater than or equal to 120/min that was sustained for at least 30 minutes. @entity0 received sequential doses of 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04 mg/kg of @entity3 or placebo at 10 minute intervals. The maximum total dosage of @entity3 was 10 mg. Measurements taken during 10 minute monitoring periods after each administration included heart rate, @entity1 . A positive response was defined as a greater than or equal to 20% decrease in heart rate, heart rate less than or equal to 100 beats/min or conversion to normal sinus rhythm. Eleven (79%) of @entity0 given @entity3 and 3 (20%) of placebo-treated @entity0 demonstrated a positive response. Of the 11 responders to @entity3 , 9 @entity0 responded after the first dose, one after the second dose and one after the third dose. Significant (p less than 0.001) mean reductions in heart rate and ventricular rate were observed with @entity3 , but not with placebo. Five (36%) of the @entity0 given @entity3 and only 2 (14%) of the @entity0 who received placebo were converted to normal sinus rhythm. Adverse effects were limited to 1 episode of asymptomatic @entity1 and 1 episode of wheezing with @entity3 and 1 episode of asymptomatic @entity1 with placebo. @entity3 is effective in controlling ventricular response in @entity0 with sustained @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy and safety of intravenous XXXX for @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial of intravenous @entity3 in the treatment of sustained @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 29 @entity0 (20 @entity0 , 9 @entity0 ) were studied. Mean age was 55 years and all @entity0 were required to have well-documented @entity2 with a ventricular rate greater than or equal to 120/min that was sustained for at least 30 minutes. @entity0 received sequential doses of 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04 mg/kg of @entity3 or placebo at 10 minute intervals. The maximum total dosage of @entity3 was 10 mg. Measurements taken during 10 minute monitoring periods after each administration included heart rate, @entity1 . A positive response was defined as a greater than or equal to 20% decrease in heart rate, heart rate less than or equal to 100 beats/min or conversion to normal sinus rhythm. Eleven (79%) of @entity0 given @entity3 and 3 (20%) of placebo-treated @entity0 demonstrated a positive response. Of the 11 responders to @entity3 , 9 @entity0 responded after the first dose, one after the second dose and one after the third dose. Significant (p less than 0.001) mean reductions in heart rate and ventricular rate were observed with @entity3 , but not with placebo. Five (36%) of the @entity0 given @entity3 and only 2 (14%) of the @entity0 who received placebo were converted to normal sinus rhythm. Adverse effects were limited to 1 episode of asymptomatic @entity1 and 1 episode of wheezing with @entity3 and 1 episode of asymptomatic @entity1 with placebo. @entity3 is effective in controlling ventricular response in @entity0 with sustained @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy and safety of intravenous @entity3 for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Detection of early changes in the sperm plasma membrane during cryopreservation is of utmost importance when designing freezing protocols. The present study evaluated the ability of an @entity2 binding assay to detect early changes in sperm membrane integrity using flow cytometry (FC) in two different portions of the boar ejaculate, in cryopreserved semen. Using a split sample design, sperm motility was evaluated in fresh (controls) and frozen-thawed (FT) samples, both subjectively and by means of a computer-assisted motility assessment (CASA) system, while membrane integrity was assessed using @entity2 (A) and @entity1 (PI) staining in spermatozoa derived from the first sperm-rich fraction (Portion I) or the remaining ejaculate (Portion II). The A/PI technique revealed four sperm subpopulations, two PI negative (either A- (alive) or A+ (apoptotic)); and two PI positive (dead cells), either A+ (dead, late apoptotic or early @entity0 cells) or A- (dead, late @entity0 cells). Significant differences were found between the two portions of the ejaculate in the fresh (control) and FT samples. In the fresh controls, significantly more live, nonapoptotic spermatozoa (A-/PI-) were present in Portion I than in Portion II (P<0.001). Although apoptotic spermatozoa were detected in both semen portions, the frequency of live, early apoptotic (A+/PI-) cells was significantly lower in Portion I than in Portion II (P<0.001). Irrespective of the ejaculate portion considered, freezing and thawing significantly decreased the mean percentages of live spermatozoa (P<0.01), and dramatically increased the percentages of apoptotic or early @entity0 cells (P<0.01), but not of early apoptotic cells (N.S.). The latter finding might suggest that apoptotic changes due to cryopreservation using the procedures applied in this trial are transient and lead to cell death. In conclusion, the @entity2 binding assay was able to detect deleterious changes in the sperm plasma membrane at an earlier point than PI staining, thus representing a novel approach to investigating membrane integrity in this species. The finding that fewer spermatozoa in Portion I of the ejaculate showed early apoptosis post-freezing, suggests boar spermatozoa in this portion of the seminal plasma are less sensitive to the stress induced by cryopreservation.

title: Assessment of fresh and frozen-thawed boar semen using an XXXX assay: a new method of evaluating sperm membrane integrity.

answer: @entity2