abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study predicts the magnitude and between herd variation in changes of @entity1 emissions and production efficiency associated with interventions to improve reproductive efficiency in dairy @entity0 . Data for 10,000 herds of 200 @entity0 were simulated. Probability of conception was predicted daily from the start of the study (parturition) for each @entity0 up to day 300 of lactation. Four scenarios of differing first insemination management were simulated for each herd using the same theoretical @entity0 : A baseline scenario based on breeding from observed oestrus only, synchronisation of oestrus for pre-set first insemination using 2 methods, and a regime using @entity2 treatments followed by first insemination to observed oestrus. @entity0 that did not conceive to first insemination were re-inseminated following detection of oestrus. For @entity0 that conceived, gestation length was 280 days with cessation of milking 60 days before calving. Those @entity0 not pregnant after 300 days of lactation were culled and replaced by a heifer. Daily milk yield was calculated for 730 days from the start of the study for each @entity0 . Change in mean reproductive and economic outputs were summarised for each herd following the 3 interventions. For each scenario, @entity1 emissions were determined by daily forage dry matter intake, forage quality, and @entity0 replacement risk. Linear regression was used to summarise relationships. In some circumstances improvement in reproductive efficiency using the programmes investigated was associated with reduced cost and @entity1 emissions compared to reliance on detection of oestrus. Efficiency of oestrus detection and the time to commencement of breeding after calving influenced variability in changes in cost and @entity1 emissions. For an average UK herd this was a saving of at least   50 per @entity0 and a 3.6% reduction in @entity1 emissions per L of milk when timing of first insemination was pre-set.

title: Use of Stochastic Simulation to Evaluate the Reduction in XXXX Emissions and Improvement in Reproductive Efficiency from Routine Hormonal Interventions in Dairy Herds.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In contrast to mammals in which the pineal gland is a discrete structure situated dorsally in the brain, the "pineal gland" in teleost fishes is composed of a number of separate but connected constituent parts, collectively described as the "pineal complex." In this paper, we have described the pineal complex in a common Indian @entity2 , @entity3 , which exhibits an annual reproductive cycle. Attempts have been made to (a) provide an in-depth description of the structure of the pineal complex; and (b) identify the photoreceptor cells of the pineal, by exposing the animals to constant light (LL) and constant darkness ( @entity1 ). Furthermore, we examined any possible influence of the reproductive status of the fish on the responsiveness of the pineal photoreceptor cells in @entity3 following exposure to LL and @entity1 . To this end, a total of four experiments were carried out during the four different phases of the annual reproductive cycle that is characteristic of this species. Each of these four experiments was carried out for a period of 30 days after which the fishes were sacrificed, different parts of the pineal complex were dissected out, and processed for histological and karyometric studies. Our results showed that the pineal complex in this species is composed of three separate but connected parts, (a) an end vesicle (EV); (b) a dorsal sac (DS); and (c) a long and thin pineal stalk (PS) that attaches the EV to the DS. Detailed karyometric and histo-morphologic studies following exposure of the animals to @entity1 and LL showed that constant darkness led to a stimulatory effect on the pineal photoreceptor cells of the EV as evident from a significant increase in the nuclear diameter. In contrast, the nuclear diameter of the photoreceptor cells in animals subjected to constant light showed a significant reduction. Furthermore, the observed cellular changes in the EV of fish exposed either to LL or @entity1 were independent of the stage of the gonadal cycle. The apparent lack of any cellular responses either in the PS, or in the DS, following exposure to LL and @entity1 , suggests that in @entity3 the photoreceptor cells are located only within the epithelial lining of the EV and that these cells respond in a manner similar to @entity0 pinealocytes when subjected to comparable photoperiod-induced experimental conditions.

title: The morpho-anatomy and histology of the pineal complex in a major Indian XXXX , @entity3 : identification of the pineal photoreceptor cells and their responsiveness to constant light and constant darkness during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In contrast to mammals in which the pineal gland is a discrete structure situated dorsally in the brain, the "pineal gland" in teleost fishes is composed of a number of separate but connected constituent parts, collectively described as the "pineal complex." In this paper, we have described the pineal complex in a common Indian @entity2 , @entity3 , which exhibits an annual reproductive cycle. Attempts have been made to (a) provide an in-depth description of the structure of the pineal complex; and (b) identify the photoreceptor cells of the pineal, by exposing the animals to constant light (LL) and constant darkness ( @entity1 ). Furthermore, we examined any possible influence of the reproductive status of the fish on the responsiveness of the pineal photoreceptor cells in @entity3 following exposure to LL and @entity1 . To this end, a total of four experiments were carried out during the four different phases of the annual reproductive cycle that is characteristic of this species. Each of these four experiments was carried out for a period of 30 days after which the fishes were sacrificed, different parts of the pineal complex were dissected out, and processed for histological and karyometric studies. Our results showed that the pineal complex in this species is composed of three separate but connected parts, (a) an end vesicle (EV); (b) a dorsal sac (DS); and (c) a long and thin pineal stalk (PS) that attaches the EV to the DS. Detailed karyometric and histo-morphologic studies following exposure of the animals to @entity1 and LL showed that constant darkness led to a stimulatory effect on the pineal photoreceptor cells of the EV as evident from a significant increase in the nuclear diameter. In contrast, the nuclear diameter of the photoreceptor cells in animals subjected to constant light showed a significant reduction. Furthermore, the observed cellular changes in the EV of fish exposed either to LL or @entity1 were independent of the stage of the gonadal cycle. The apparent lack of any cellular responses either in the PS, or in the DS, following exposure to LL and @entity1 , suggests that in @entity3 the photoreceptor cells are located only within the epithelial lining of the EV and that these cells respond in a manner similar to @entity0 pinealocytes when subjected to comparable photoperiod-induced experimental conditions.

title: The morpho-anatomy and histology of the pineal complex in a major Indian @entity2 , XXXX : identification of the pineal photoreceptor cells and their responsiveness to constant light and constant darkness during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Revision total hip arthroplasty is indicated for most @entity5 that occur around the stem of the femoral implant. The purpose of the present study was to assess the results and complications of revision total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of @entity4 . METHODS: We evaluated 118 hips in 116 @entity0 who underwent revision total hip arthroplasty because of an acute Vancouver type-B periprosthetic @entity4 . The femoral implant used for the revision was a cemented stem in forty-two hips, a proximally porous-coated uncemented stem in twenty-eight, an extensively porous-coated stem in thirty, and an allograft-prosthesis composite or @entity1 prosthesis in eighteen. The mean duration of follow-up was 5.4 years. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the probability of survival was 90% at five years and 79.2% at ten years with revision or removal of the femoral implant for any reason as the end point. Sixteen femoral components were rerevised: ten were rerevised because of loosening; three, because of loosening in association with a @entity2 nonunion; two, because of recurrent dislocation; and one, because of a new @entity5 . Additionally, six femoral implants were resected because of @entity3 (five) or prosthetic loosening (one). Radiographs of the ninety-six hips with a surviving implant showed that twenty-one had evidence of loosening of the femoral implant, four had a nonunion of the @entity4 , and two had both a nonunion and loosening of the femoral implant. CONCLUSIONS: Revision total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of a @entity5 around the stem of the femoral implant successfully restored function for most @entity0 . The greatest long-term problems were prosthetic loosening and @entity2 nonunion. Better results were seen when an uncemented, extensively porous-coated stem was used.

title: Treatment of XXXX following total hip arthroplasty with femoral component revision.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Electric stimulation has been proved to be available to monitor the efficacy of renal denervation (RDN). This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of high-frequency stimulation (HFS)-guided proximal RDN. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 13 Chinese Kunming @entity0 were included and allocated to proximal RDN group (n=8) and control group (n=5). HFS (20 Hz, 8 V, pulse width 2 ms) was performed from proximal to distal renal artery in all @entity0 . Radiofrequency ablations were delivered in proximal RDN group and only at the proximal positive sites where systolic blood pressure (BP) increased >= 10 mm   Hg during HFS. Postablation HFS was performed over the previously stimulated sites. BP, heart rate, and plasma @entity1 were analyzed. In 8 denervated @entity0 , preablation HFS caused significant BP increases of 6.0  5.0/3.4  5.5, 16.9  11.7/11.1  8.5, and 17.1  8.4/8.5  5.3 mm   Hg during the first, second, and third 20 s of HFS at the proximal positive sites. After ablation, these sites showed a negative response to postablation HFS with increases of BP by 1.3  3.0/1.0  2.5, 0.8  3.9/1.5  3.4, and 1.5  4.5/0.7  3.8 mm   Hg. Of note, no radiofrequency applications were delivered at the positive sites of middle renal artery, repeated HFS increased BP only by 3.3  5.3/2.8  4.2, 5.3  6.6/3.8  4.7, and 2.9  4.6/1.3  3.2 mm   Hg, failed to reproduce the previous BP increases of 6.2  5.6/5.3  4.4, 15.0  9.3/10.2  6.2, and 14.9  7.7/8.4  4.7 mm   Hg. At 3 months, BP and plasma @entity1 substantially decreased in proximal RDN group. Whereas controls showed minimal BP decreases and had similar plasma @entity1 concentrations as baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Renal afferent nerves can be mapped safely, and HFS-guided targeted proximal RDN can achieve apparent BP reduction and sympathetic inhibition.

title: Selective proximal renal denervation guided by autonomic responses evoked via high-frequency stimulation in a preclinical XXXX model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity5 (AAV) is an uncommon but potentially life threatening disease in @entity0 . @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a well recognized but lethal complication. The incidence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is higher in @entity0 with AAV, especially in those with active disease. However, the simultaneous occurrence of both @entity1 and @entity4 has rarely been reported.Herein, we describe a 14-year-old female with AAV who developed concomitant @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 within 3  days after hospitalization. She was successfully treated with timely plasmapheresis and @entity6 pulse therapy. @entity4 did not occur during discontinuation of anticoagulant. On reviewing the English literature, 5 AAV @entity0 with coexisting @entity4 and @entity1 have been reported. When faced with @entity1 , whether or not to keep anti-coagulation treatment is a dilemma. Some of the @entity0 kept receiving anti-coagulation treatment, whereas others undergoing inferior vena cava filter implantation. Glucocorticoids and @entity2 or other immunosuppressant agents were prescribed in all @entity0 . All of the cases survived after treatment for concurrent @entity4 and @entity1 , and received short- or long-term anticoagulation treatment after discharge.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pediatric @entity0 with AAV presenting with coexistent @entity4 and @entity1 . @entity4 should be considered to be a sign of disease flare-up, and early plasmapheresis with immunosuppressant therapy can rescue this fatal complication.

title: Concurrent XXXX and @entity3 in a @entity0 with ANCA-associated vasculitis: case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity5 (AAV) is an uncommon but potentially life threatening disease in @entity0 . @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a well recognized but lethal complication. The incidence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is higher in @entity0 with AAV, especially in those with active disease. However, the simultaneous occurrence of both @entity1 and @entity4 has rarely been reported.Herein, we describe a 14-year-old female with AAV who developed concomitant @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 within 3  days after hospitalization. She was successfully treated with timely plasmapheresis and @entity6 pulse therapy. @entity4 did not occur during discontinuation of anticoagulant. On reviewing the English literature, 5 AAV @entity0 with coexisting @entity4 and @entity1 have been reported. When faced with @entity1 , whether or not to keep anti-coagulation treatment is a dilemma. Some of the @entity0 kept receiving anti-coagulation treatment, whereas others undergoing inferior vena cava filter implantation. Glucocorticoids and @entity2 or other immunosuppressant agents were prescribed in all @entity0 . All of the cases survived after treatment for concurrent @entity4 and @entity1 , and received short- or long-term anticoagulation treatment after discharge.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pediatric @entity0 with AAV presenting with coexistent @entity4 and @entity1 . @entity4 should be considered to be a sign of disease flare-up, and early plasmapheresis with immunosuppressant therapy can rescue this fatal complication.

title: Concurrent @entity1 and XXXX in a @entity0 with ANCA-associated vasculitis: case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated @entity5 (AAV) is an uncommon but potentially life threatening disease in @entity0 . @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a well recognized but lethal complication. The incidence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is higher in @entity0 with AAV, especially in those with active disease. However, the simultaneous occurrence of both @entity1 and @entity4 has rarely been reported.Herein, we describe a 14-year-old female with AAV who developed concomitant @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 within 3  days after hospitalization. She was successfully treated with timely plasmapheresis and @entity6 pulse therapy. @entity4 did not occur during discontinuation of anticoagulant. On reviewing the English literature, 5 AAV @entity0 with coexisting @entity4 and @entity1 have been reported. When faced with @entity1 , whether or not to keep anti-coagulation treatment is a dilemma. Some of the @entity0 kept receiving anti-coagulation treatment, whereas others undergoing inferior vena cava filter implantation. Glucocorticoids and @entity2 or other immunosuppressant agents were prescribed in all @entity0 . All of the cases survived after treatment for concurrent @entity4 and @entity1 , and received short- or long-term anticoagulation treatment after discharge.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a pediatric @entity0 with AAV presenting with coexistent @entity4 and @entity1 . @entity4 should be considered to be a sign of disease flare-up, and early plasmapheresis with immunosuppressant therapy can rescue this fatal complication.

title: Concurrent @entity1 and @entity3 in a XXXX with ANCA-associated vasculitis: case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Historically, type II topoisomerases have yielded clinically useful drugs for the treatment of @entity1 , but the corresponding enzymes from @entity2 parasites remain understudied. This is due to the general challenges of producing @entity2 proteins in functional forms in heterologous expression systems. Here, we express full-length @entity8 topoisomerase II (PfTopoII) in a @entity7 germ cell-free transcription-translation system. Functional activity of soluble PfTopoII from the translation lysates was confirmed through both a plasmid relaxation and a DNA decatenation activity that was dependent on @entity4 and @entity3 . To facilitate future drug discovery, a convenient and sensitive fluorescence assay was established to follow DNA decatenation, and a stable, truncated PfTopoII was engineered for high level enzyme production. PfTopoII was purified using a DNA affinity column. Existing TopoII inhibitors previously developed for other non- @entity2 indications inhibited PfTopoII, as well as @entity2 parasites in culture at submicromolar concentrations. Even before optimization, inhibitors of bacterial gyrase, @entity9 , @entity5 , and @entity6 exhibited 15-, 57-, and 3-fold selectivity for the malarial enzyme over @entity0 TopoII. Finally, it was possible to use the purified PfTopoII to dissect the different modes by which these varying classes of TopoII inhibitors could trap partially processed DNA. The present biochemical advancements will allow high throughput chemical screening of compound libraries and lead optimization to develop new lines of antimalarials.

title: Topoisomerase II from XXXX Malaria Parasites: EXPRESSION, PURIFICATION, AND SELECTIVE INHIBITION.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between gene expression of nutrient ( @entity1 , peptide, @entity0 and proton) transporters in the small intestine and embryonic growth in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). One hundred and twenty-five fertilized eggs were randomly assigned into five groups and were incubated under optimal conditions (temperature of 38.1   C and relative humidity of 55%). Twenty embryos/birds from each group were sacrificed by cervical dislocation on embryonic day (E) 9, 11, 13, 15 and day of hatch (DOH). The eggs, embryos (without yolk sac), and organs (head, brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidney, gizzard, small intestine, legs, and thorax) were dissected, cleaned, and weighed. Small intestine samples were collected for RNA isolation. The mRNA abundance of intestinal nutrient transporters was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We classified these ten organs into four types according to the changes in relative weight during embryonic development. In addition, the gene expression of nutrient transporters was differentially regulated by embryonic day. The mRNA abundances of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, y(+)LAT2, @entity3 , LAT4, NHE2, and NHE3 increased linearly with age, whereas mRNA abundances of CAT1, CAT2, LAT1, EAAT2, SNAT1, and SNAT2 were increased to higher levels on E9 or E11 and then decreased to lower levels until DOH. The results of correlation analysis showed that the gene expressions of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, @entity3 , LAT4, NHE2, NHE3, and y(+)LAT2 had positive correlations with body weight (0.71<correlation coefficient (CC)<0.82, P<0.0001), while CAT1, CAT2, EAAT2, SNAT1, and SNAT2 had negative correlations with body weight (-0.86<CC<-0.64, P<0.0001). The gene expressions of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, LAT4, @entity3 , NHE2, NHE3, and y(+)LAT2 showed positive correlations with intestinal weight (0.80<CC<0.91, P<0.0001), while CAT1, CAT2, and EAAT2 showed negative correlations with intestinal weight (-0.84<CC<-0.67, P<0.0001). It was concluded that the differences between growth trajectories of organs and gene expression of nutrient transporters in small intestine were due to their functional and physiological properties, which provided a comprehensive study of @entity1 and peptide transporter mRNA in the small intestine during embryonic growth of pigeons.

title: Growth of embryo and gene expression of nutrient transporters in the small intestine of the XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between gene expression of nutrient ( @entity1 , peptide, @entity0 and proton) transporters in the small intestine and embryonic growth in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). One hundred and twenty-five fertilized eggs were randomly assigned into five groups and were incubated under optimal conditions (temperature of 38.1   C and relative humidity of 55%). Twenty embryos/birds from each group were sacrificed by cervical dislocation on embryonic day (E) 9, 11, 13, 15 and day of hatch (DOH). The eggs, embryos (without yolk sac), and organs (head, brain, heart, liver, lungs, kidney, gizzard, small intestine, legs, and thorax) were dissected, cleaned, and weighed. Small intestine samples were collected for RNA isolation. The mRNA abundance of intestinal nutrient transporters was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We classified these ten organs into four types according to the changes in relative weight during embryonic development. In addition, the gene expression of nutrient transporters was differentially regulated by embryonic day. The mRNA abundances of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, y(+)LAT2, @entity3 , LAT4, NHE2, and NHE3 increased linearly with age, whereas mRNA abundances of CAT1, CAT2, LAT1, EAAT2, SNAT1, and SNAT2 were increased to higher levels on E9 or E11 and then decreased to lower levels until DOH. The results of correlation analysis showed that the gene expressions of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, @entity3 , LAT4, NHE2, NHE3, and y(+)LAT2 had positive correlations with body weight (0.71<correlation coefficient (CC)<0.82, P<0.0001), while CAT1, CAT2, EAAT2, SNAT1, and SNAT2 had negative correlations with body weight (-0.86<CC<-0.64, P<0.0001). The gene expressions of b(0,+)AT, EAAT3, LAT4, @entity3 , NHE2, NHE3, and y(+)LAT2 showed positive correlations with intestinal weight (0.80<CC<0.91, P<0.0001), while CAT1, CAT2, and EAAT2 showed negative correlations with intestinal weight (-0.84<CC<-0.67, P<0.0001). It was concluded that the differences between growth trajectories of organs and gene expression of nutrient transporters in small intestine were due to their functional and physiological properties, which provided a comprehensive study of @entity1 and peptide transporter mRNA in the small intestine during embryonic growth of pigeons.

title: Growth of embryo and gene expression of nutrient transporters in the small intestine of the @entity2 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in guiding and assessing early therapeutic response to radiofrequency (RF) ablation for @entity2 ( @entity2 ; up to 3 lesions, each  <=3 cm in diameter) and to report the short-term follow-up results. Between September 2011 and January 2013, 63 @entity0 with 78 @entity2 ( <=3 cm) underwent conventional US- and CEUS-guided percutaneous RF ablation. CEUS was repeated after 20-30 min to assess therapeutic response, and local efficacy was further confirmed by contrast-enhanced @entity3 mo after @entity1 ablation. @entity0 were followed periodically to look for @entity1 or disease progression. Survival probability was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Complete ablation was achieved for 76 (97.4%) of 78 @entity2 in one (n  = 73) or two (n  = 3) sessions. No major complications were observed in any @entity0 . The overall concordance in assessment of therapeutic efficacy of RF ablation between CEUS and MRI was 97.4% (76/78 @entity1 ). The concordance test gave a value of k  = 0.74 (p < 0.001), indicating that CEUS had a high diagnostic agreement with MRI. During a mean follow-up of 20 mo, the @entity1 progression rate was 5.3% (4/76 @entity1 ). The 1-, 1.5- and 2-y cumulative survival rates were 98.4%, 96.1% and 92.6%, respectively. Although CEUS has some intrinsic limitations, the combined use of conventional US and CEUS provides a safe and efficient tool to guide RF ablation for @entity2 3 cm or smaller, with encouraging results in terms of survival rate and minimal complications. Moreover, the immediate post-procedural CEUS can be a reliable alternative to contrast-enhanced MRI for assessing the early therapeutic response to RF ablation.

title: Radiofrequency Ablation for XXXX : Utility of Conventional Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Guiding and Assessing Early Therapeutic Response and Short-Term Follow-Up Results.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: To investigate the natural history of @entity1 of the uterine cervix following a 10-year prospective observational study. @entity0 AND METHODS: Three hundred and thirty @entity0 with cytological and colposcopic features of @entity1 +/- @entity2 1 were recruited into the study. These @entity0 were followed up for a period of 10 years, during which time they had repeated colposcopic assessments and cytological monitoring Those @entity0 with evidence of high-grade disease at any stage of follow-up were treated by Large Loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) and excluded from the study. At the end of the surveillance period, 179 @entity0 with evidence of persistent @entity1 alone or in conjunction with low-grade disease underwent a shallow diagnostic LLETZ. In total, 51 @entity0 defaulted from follow-up. RESULTS: Thirty-three per cent of the @entity0 with cytological and colposcopic features suggestive of persistent @entity1 alone during the 10-year follow-up period had histological evidence of @entity2 at the end of the study. Two thirds of this disease was graded as @entity2 2 or 3. Nineteen per cent of the @entity0 with cytological and colposcopic features suggestive of persistent @entity1 and @entity2 1 actually had high-grade @entity2 at histology ( @entity2 2 and 3). Only 6.1% of the study population had normal histological findings. CONCLUSION: The finding that a relatively large percentage of high-grade lesions might have been masked for anything up to a decade by a low-grade phenotype, coupled with the worrying percentage of defaulters from follow-up, indicate that an early decision for intervention (diagnostic and/or therapeutic) may be appropriate if a low-grade abnormality persists after a short surveillance period.

title: The natural history of XXXX of the uterine cervix. Long-term observational and histological data.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive hybrid surgery for ileal interposition (MIHSII), a novel procedure for type 2 @entity1 (T2DM) in @entity0 with a body mass index (BMI) <30 kg   m(2). MATERIALS AND METHODS: MIHSII is an innovative technique in which sleeve gastrectomy is performed laparoscopically, followed by extracorporeal ileal interposition performed through a 5-cm midline incision. The procedure was performed on 31 T2DM @entity0 , 17 males and 14 females. Their BMI values ranged from 21.8 kg/m(2) to 29.8 kg/m(2), with a mean BMI of 26.61    2.61 kg/m(2). The average duration of @entity1 8.14    4.89 (range = 1-20) years. Most of the @entity0 exhibited poorly controlled @entity1 despite the use of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) and/or insulin. RESULTS: The mean preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for the population was 8.86%. The mean HbA1c 1 year after surgery was 6.80%. The difference between the mean preoperative and 1-year postoperative @entity2 c values was significant, at P < .05 (group 1: BMI = 18.5-24.99 kg/m(2), t = 2.83, and P = .022; group 2: BMI = 25-29.99 kg/m(2), t = 4.23, and P = .001). The resolution rate of @entity1 was 80.48%; 48.57% experienced complete resolution, and 31.91% experienced partial resolution. The remaining 19.52% of @entity0 exhibited a significant reduction in HbA1c, although the HbA1c levels did not fall below 6.5%, even with medications. CONCLUSION: MIHSII is an innovative technique of metabolic surgery and is a cost-effective and minimal procedure for the resolution of T2DM in @entity0 with BMI <30 kg/m(2).

title: Effectiveness of Minimally Invasive Hybrid Surgery for Ileal Interposition (MIHSII) for the Resolution of Type 2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND The @entity2 is an essential model for liver transplantation research and training. However, it develops hemodynamic instability during the anhepatic phase, requiring a short anhepatic phase or an extracorporeal circulation not appropriate for training purposes because it increases the risk of @entity3 . In this article we describe an economical and reproductive experimental model for training surgeon fellows in liver transplantation, without veno-venous bypass, using a supraceliac aortic cross-clamping maneuver. MATERIAL AND METHODS After liver liberation, we cross-clamped the supraceliac aorta and cross-clamped and divided the infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC), bile duct (BD), hepatic artery (HA), portal vein (PV), and @entity4 . We rapidly removed and flushed the liver ex situ, repositioned it orthotopically, and performed @entity0 in @entity4 , @entity4 , reperfusing the liver. Lastly, we anastomosed the HA and BD. We also performed pulmonary artery catheter exams and recovery blood samples serially before and after graft reperfusion (beginning of anesthesia = basal; 5 min after reperfusion and 120 min after reperfusion = end-point) for hemodynamic and metabolic assessment. RESULTS Transplantation fellows were able to perform the operations assisted by a senior surgeon. The median procedure time was 211 min (188-233 min). One @entity2 died due to @entity1 and 5 remained alive for up to 2 h after liver reperfusion, achieving at this time normal hemodynamic and metabolic parameters. CONCLUSIONS This model is suitable for training and experimentation, avoids venovenous bypass, is low cost, avoids immunological reaction, and prevents @entity5 .

title: Liver Autotransplantation in XXXX without Venovenous Bypass: A Simplified Model using a Supraceliac Aorta Cross-Clamping Maneuver.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy of bundled skin antiseptic preparation to prevent @entity3 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From January 2010 to November 2013, 665 consecutive @entity0 were divided into two groups according to the strategy of skin preparation. In Period 1 (January 2010  to June 2012), 395 @entity0 received the standard skin antiseptic preparation. In @entity6 (July 2012  to November 2013), 270 @entity0 received a triple-step skin antiseptic preparation, 'bundled skin antiseptic preparation', consisting of applying 75% @entity2 over anterior chest on the night before the index day, @entity5 10 min before operation, and the standard skin antiseptic preparation before incision. During follow-up, the occurrence of @entity3 was recorded. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determinate the risk factors of @entity3 . During a mean follow-up of 26.9    16.2 months, 20 episodes of @entity3 developed in 19 @entity0 (2.9%), and the incidence of minor and major @entity1 episodes was 2.2% and 0.8%, respectively. @entity0 with the bundled skin antiseptic preparation had a significantly lower incidence of @entity3 , compared with @entity0 with the standard preparation (0.7 vs. 4.3%, P = 0.007). In multivariate analysis, pocket haematoma (P = 0.020), @entity4 (P = 0.033), and complex procedures (P = 0.047) were independent predictors for @entity3 . In contrast, the bundled skin antiseptic preparation was a significant predictor against @entity3 (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: Pocket haematoma was the most important risk factor for @entity3 . The bundled skin antiseptic preparation strategy significantly reduced the risk of minor @entity3 .

title: Bundled preparation of skin antisepsis decreases the risk of cardiac implantable electronic device-related XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Formation and rupture of @entity2 have been associated with chronic @entity1 . The effect of transient increase in blood pressure and its effect on intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics have not been studied. We examined the effects of controlled increases in blood pressure on different pressure parameters inside the sac of @entity0 @entity2 and corresponding parent arteries using invasive technology. Twelve @entity0 (10 female, 2 male, age 54  15 years) with unruptured @entity2 undergoing endovascular coiling were recruited. @entity5 with the capacity to simultaneously measure flow velocity and pressure were used to measure systolic, diastolic, and mean pressure inside the @entity3 sac and to measure both pressures and flow velocities in the feeder vessel just outside the @entity3 . These pressures were recorded simultaneously with pressures from a radial arterial catheter. Measurements were taken at baseline and then during a gradual increase in systemic systolic blood pressure to a target value of    25 mm Hg above baseline, using a @entity4 infusion. The dose needed to achieve the required increase in radial arterial systolic blood pressure was 0.8  0.2  g/kg/min. There was a clear linear relationship between changes in radial and aneurysmal pressures with substantial @entity0 -by- @entity0 variation in the slopes of those relationships. The overall increases in systolic and mean pressures in both radial artery and in the @entity3 were similar. Pressures in the @entity3 and in the parent vessels were similar. Peak and mean flow velocities in the parent arteries did not change significantly with @entity4 infusion, nor did vessel diameters as measured angiographically.

title: Pressure Changes Within the Sac of @entity0 XXXX in Response to Artificially Induced Transient Increases in Systemic Blood Pressure.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Formation and rupture of @entity2 have been associated with chronic @entity1 . The effect of transient increase in blood pressure and its effect on intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics have not been studied. We examined the effects of controlled increases in blood pressure on different pressure parameters inside the sac of @entity0 @entity2 and corresponding parent arteries using invasive technology. Twelve @entity0 (10 female, 2 male, age 54  15 years) with unruptured @entity2 undergoing endovascular coiling were recruited. @entity5 with the capacity to simultaneously measure flow velocity and pressure were used to measure systolic, diastolic, and mean pressure inside the @entity3 sac and to measure both pressures and flow velocities in the feeder vessel just outside the @entity3 . These pressures were recorded simultaneously with pressures from a radial arterial catheter. Measurements were taken at baseline and then during a gradual increase in systemic systolic blood pressure to a target value of    25 mm Hg above baseline, using a @entity4 infusion. The dose needed to achieve the required increase in radial arterial systolic blood pressure was 0.8  0.2  g/kg/min. There was a clear linear relationship between changes in radial and aneurysmal pressures with substantial @entity0 -by- @entity0 variation in the slopes of those relationships. The overall increases in systolic and mean pressures in both radial artery and in the @entity3 were similar. Pressures in the @entity3 and in the parent vessels were similar. Peak and mean flow velocities in the parent arteries did not change significantly with @entity4 infusion, nor did vessel diameters as measured angiographically.

title: Pressure Changes Within the Sac of XXXX @entity2 in Response to Artificially Induced Transient Increases in Systemic Blood Pressure.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) as a risk factor for the development of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: This was a retrospective, comparative study of the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation in three groups of @entity0 : 48 @entity0 with @entity4 , 164 @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and 70 control @entity0 (70 eyes). All @entity0 were phakic and had no previous diagnosis of @entity3 . @entity0 were matched in terms of age and systemic @entity2 . All @entity0 had normal intraocular pressure (IOP) at presentation (defined as less than or equal to 21 mmHg). RESULTS: In the @entity4 group, 14 out of 48 @entity0 were diagnosed as having @entity5 (29.17%). In the @entity4 group, 14 out of 164 @entity0 had @entity5 (8.5%), and in the control group, six out of 70 @entity0 had @entity5 (8.6%). Differences of percentage between groups were statistically significant (P<0.001,    (2) test). When comparing @entity0 subgroup with @entity1 @entity4 with subgroup with non- @entity1 @entity4 , we found that in the @entity1 @entity4 group, 13 out of 27 @entity0 were diagnosed as having @entity5 (48.15%), and in the non- @entity1 @entity4 group, one out of 21 @entity0 was diagnosed as having @entity5 (4.7%; P<0.001,    (2) test). The relative odds of having @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity5 versus @entity0 without @entity5 were 4.406 (confidence interval [CI], 2.03-9.54). CONCLUSION: @entity5 and @entity4 , especially @entity1 , are strongly associated in our study. Our results indicate that @entity5 might be an independent factor for @entity4 , as it is related with @entity4 independently from @entity3 .

title: Central XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) as a risk factor for the development of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: This was a retrospective, comparative study of the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation in three groups of @entity0 : 48 @entity0 with @entity4 , 164 @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and 70 control @entity0 (70 eyes). All @entity0 were phakic and had no previous diagnosis of @entity3 . @entity0 were matched in terms of age and systemic @entity2 . All @entity0 had normal intraocular pressure (IOP) at presentation (defined as less than or equal to 21 mmHg). RESULTS: In the @entity4 group, 14 out of 48 @entity0 were diagnosed as having @entity5 (29.17%). In the @entity4 group, 14 out of 164 @entity0 had @entity5 (8.5%), and in the control group, six out of 70 @entity0 had @entity5 (8.6%). Differences of percentage between groups were statistically significant (P<0.001,    (2) test). When comparing @entity0 subgroup with @entity1 @entity4 with subgroup with non- @entity1 @entity4 , we found that in the @entity1 @entity4 group, 13 out of 27 @entity0 were diagnosed as having @entity5 (48.15%), and in the non- @entity1 @entity4 group, one out of 21 @entity0 was diagnosed as having @entity5 (4.7%; P<0.001,    (2) test). The relative odds of having @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity5 versus @entity0 without @entity5 were 4.406 (confidence interval [CI], 2.03-9.54). CONCLUSION: @entity5 and @entity4 , especially @entity1 , are strongly associated in our study. Our results indicate that @entity5 might be an independent factor for @entity4 , as it is related with @entity4 independently from @entity3 .

title: Central @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medication has limited abilities to improve the @entity1 that accompany @entity2 . Adding psychosocial treatment may result in marked improvements in cognitive function, as compared to antipsychotic treatment alone. We hypothesized that a combination of individual and family interventions may be a useful @entity1 paradigm for @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 18-month follow-up clinical trial of 256 stabilized @entity0 with @entity2 at six communities in Shanghai, @entity0 's Republic of China were randomly assigned to into either a comprehensive family therapy (CFT) group or a usual daily care (UDC) group. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were the primary outcome instruments for this study. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the CFT and UDC for all demographic characteristics at the baseline assessment. During the 18-month follow-up observation, changes in RBANS total score indicated that @entity0 undergoing CFT showed greater improvement from baseline to the follow-up assessments in cognitive function than those in the UDC group (F=9.77, P=0.002). Post hoc analysis showed that the CFT group presented with significant differences in the RBANS total score, immediate memory, visuospatial skill, language, attention, and delayed memory sections compared with the UDC after 18 months of follow-up (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that CFT can be easily adapted and may prove to be an effective approach for improving cognitive function in @entity0 with @entity2 . Our program provides a potential paradigm for @entity1 for @entity2 @entity0 in the community.

title: Comprehensive family therapy: an effective approach for @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medication has limited abilities to improve the @entity1 that accompany @entity2 . Adding psychosocial treatment may result in marked improvements in cognitive function, as compared to antipsychotic treatment alone. We hypothesized that a combination of individual and family interventions may be a useful @entity1 paradigm for @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 18-month follow-up clinical trial of 256 stabilized @entity0 with @entity2 at six communities in Shanghai, @entity0 's Republic of China were randomly assigned to into either a comprehensive family therapy (CFT) group or a usual daily care (UDC) group. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) were the primary outcome instruments for this study. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the CFT and UDC for all demographic characteristics at the baseline assessment. During the 18-month follow-up observation, changes in RBANS total score indicated that @entity0 undergoing CFT showed greater improvement from baseline to the follow-up assessments in cognitive function than those in the UDC group (F=9.77, P=0.002). Post hoc analysis showed that the CFT group presented with significant differences in the RBANS total score, immediate memory, visuospatial skill, language, attention, and delayed memory sections compared with the UDC after 18 months of follow-up (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that CFT can be easily adapted and may prove to be an effective approach for improving cognitive function in @entity0 with @entity2 . Our program provides a potential paradigm for @entity1 for @entity2 @entity0 in the community.

title: Comprehensive family therapy: an effective approach for XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Several treatments are currently available for relapsing-remitting @entity1 . Among them, @entity6 remains a valid treatment approach because of its good benefit/risk profile. Due to the need for frequent administration (weekly, at a minimum), the use of @entity6 is limited by uncomfortable side effects that could reduce adherence to and persistence with the treatment. The use of subcutaneous @entity3 ( @entity4 )ylated interferon beta-1a (PEG-IFN) has been proposed to offer a better combination of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles and therapy-related side effects. A 125  g dose of PEG-IFN given every 2 or 4 weeks was tested in two Phase I studies and shown to be as safe and efficient as @entity6 -1a but with a longer half-life. A Phase III trial (ADVANCE) comparing 125  g of PEG-IFN given every 2 or 4 weeks with placebo in 1,512 @entity0 with relapsing-remitting @entity1 showed significant reductions in both the annualized relapse rate (ARR) and the occurrence of new or newly enlarged T2 @entity2 in both experimental groups versus placebo after the first year. Moreover, 38% fewer @entity0 showed progression of disability (P=0.04) in the @entity4 -IFN groups. During the second year, the ARR was further reduced in the @entity4 -IFN 2-week treatment group (0.230 at 1 year versus 0.178 at 2 years) and was maintained in the 4-week treatment group. @entity0 who received immediate PEG-IFN treatment showed improved clinical efficacy (ARR, risk of relapse, 12-week disability progression) and magnetic resonance imaging parameters (new T2 and newly enlarging lesions, @entity5 -positive lesions) compared with those with delayed treatment. The effects were more evident with the 2-week dose for all endpoints considered. Furthermore, PEG-IFN was well tolerated, and no new safety concerns arose. In conclusion, PEG-IFN has good efficacy and a good safety profile. The available data support the use of PEG-IFN as a suitable therapeutic option in @entity0 with relapsing-remitting @entity1 .

title: Profile of PEGylated interferon beta in the treatment of relapsing-remitting XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is associated with morbidity and mortality in @entity3 @entity0 . The present study analyzed the clinical significance of @entity4 in surgical @entity0 with severe @entity2 . METHODS: This was a prospective study carried out in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was measured three times a day via a urinary catheter filled with 25  mL of saline. @entity4 was defined as an IAP   >=    12  mmHg, and the peak IAP was recorded as the IAP for the day. Data were analyzed in terms of @entity4 development and the @entity4 duration. RESULTS: Of the 46 @entity0 enrolled in the study, 42 developed @entity4 while in the SICU. The development of @entity4 aggravated the clinical outcomes; such as longer SICU stay, requirement of ventilator support, and delayed initiation of enteral feeding (EF). The @entity4 duration showed a significant correlation with @entity1 , and enteral feeding. The @entity4 duration was an independent predictor of 60-day mortality (odds ratio: 1.196; p   =   0.014). CONCLUSIONS: The duration of @entity4 is a more important prognostic factor than the development of @entity4 ; thus every effort should be made to reduce the @entity4 duration in @entity3 @entity0 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01784458.

title: The duration of intra-abdominal hypertension strongly predicts outcomes for the XXXX surgical @entity0 : a prospective observational study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is associated with morbidity and mortality in @entity3 @entity0 . The present study analyzed the clinical significance of @entity4 in surgical @entity0 with severe @entity2 . METHODS: This was a prospective study carried out in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU). Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was measured three times a day via a urinary catheter filled with 25  mL of saline. @entity4 was defined as an IAP   >=    12  mmHg, and the peak IAP was recorded as the IAP for the day. Data were analyzed in terms of @entity4 development and the @entity4 duration. RESULTS: Of the 46 @entity0 enrolled in the study, 42 developed @entity4 while in the SICU. The development of @entity4 aggravated the clinical outcomes; such as longer SICU stay, requirement of ventilator support, and delayed initiation of enteral feeding (EF). The @entity4 duration showed a significant correlation with @entity1 , and enteral feeding. The @entity4 duration was an independent predictor of 60-day mortality (odds ratio: 1.196; p   =   0.014). CONCLUSIONS: The duration of @entity4 is a more important prognostic factor than the development of @entity4 ; thus every effort should be made to reduce the @entity4 duration in @entity3 @entity0 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01784458.

title: The duration of intra-abdominal hypertension strongly predicts outcomes for the @entity3 surgical XXXX : a prospective observational study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of imaging geometry on evaluating natural @entity1 with quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF). A total of 34 specimens were prepared from extracted @entity0 premolars and permanent molars with @entity3 on the interproximal surface. The specimens were each adjusted to a final thickness of 3.0 mm. Images were acquired with the QLF system perpendicular to the @entity3 and at 5 degrees intervals up to 30 degrees above and below the perpendicular. The specimens were rotated around the buccolingual axis of the tooth (pitch angle) and around the long axis of the tooth (roll angle). The averages of fluorescence loss (DeltaF, %) and lesion size ( @entity2 ) were determined with QLF. Another variable, DeltaQ, which was defined as the fluorescence loss integrated over the lesion size (% x @entity2 ), was also calculated. DeltaF was smaller when lesions were viewed from the cervical direction (angles less than 90 degrees ), and became bigger when viewed from the coronal direction. Roll angle did not significantly affect DeltaF. Apparent lesion size diminished with deviations from 90 degrees in both directions for pitch and roll angles. DeltaQ was affected by pitch and roll angles with the largest value at 90 degrees and values decreasing in both directions from 90 degrees. In general, there were significant differences for angles larger than 20 degrees from the perpendicular for all three QLF variables. This study suggests that angle is an important factor to control when performing QLF studies; however, small changes (deviations within 20 degrees ) have a minimal effect on QLF variables.

title: Effect of imaging geometry on evaluating natural XXXX using quantitative light-induced fluorescence.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The Th2 cytokine inhibitor, suplatast tosilate (300 mg/day) was administered to 45 cases of @entity0 with @entity3 for 8 weeks. The clinical scores, peripheral blood eosinophil counts, serum LDH levels, total IgE levels, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels, and serum @entity2 levels before and after the treatment were observed and comparatively evaluated. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1) Temporary improvements were found in the severity score, itching score, and @entity1 score. All evaluated scores decreased significantly for all observation periods at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after administration of suplatast tosilate compared with those before the administration. 2) In severe group, there was a significant improvement of severity score of lower limb. In moderate group there were significant improvements of severity score of head, face, neck and of upper limb. There were significant improvements of severity score of trunk and upper limbs in mild group. 3) The peripheral blood eosinophil counts and serum LDH levels significantly diminished compared with those before administration, but no significant difference was found in total IgE levels and serum ECP levels. 4) The serum @entity2 levels decreased after administration, however, there was no statistical significance. 5) The positive correlations between delta-severity score and delta-peripheral eosinophil count, delta-serum LDH levels, delta-serum ECP levels were found. 6) The positive correlations between delta-peripheral eosinophil count and delta-serum LDH levels, delta-serum ECP levels were observed. 7) There was no sign of adverse effects of the drug. From the above mentioned results, we confirmed the high efficacy of suplatast tosilate in the treatment of @entity3 .

title: [The effect of suplatast tosilate on the @entity0 with XXXX --relationship between clinical symptoms and immunological parameters].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The Th2 cytokine inhibitor, suplatast tosilate (300 mg/day) was administered to 45 cases of @entity0 with @entity3 for 8 weeks. The clinical scores, peripheral blood eosinophil counts, serum LDH levels, total IgE levels, serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels, and serum @entity2 levels before and after the treatment were observed and comparatively evaluated. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1) Temporary improvements were found in the severity score, itching score, and @entity1 score. All evaluated scores decreased significantly for all observation periods at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after administration of suplatast tosilate compared with those before the administration. 2) In severe group, there was a significant improvement of severity score of lower limb. In moderate group there were significant improvements of severity score of head, face, neck and of upper limb. There were significant improvements of severity score of trunk and upper limbs in mild group. 3) The peripheral blood eosinophil counts and serum LDH levels significantly diminished compared with those before administration, but no significant difference was found in total IgE levels and serum ECP levels. 4) The serum @entity2 levels decreased after administration, however, there was no statistical significance. 5) The positive correlations between delta-severity score and delta-peripheral eosinophil count, delta-serum LDH levels, delta-serum ECP levels were found. 6) The positive correlations between delta-peripheral eosinophil count and delta-serum LDH levels, delta-serum ECP levels were observed. 7) There was no sign of adverse effects of the drug. From the above mentioned results, we confirmed the high efficacy of suplatast tosilate in the treatment of @entity3 .

title: [The effect of suplatast tosilate on the XXXX with @entity3 --relationship between clinical symptoms and immunological parameters].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The development of nocturnal sleep and the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) was investigated in a longitudinal study during infancy. All-night polysomnographic recordings were obtained at home at 2 wk and at 2, 4, 6, and 9 mo after birth (analysis of 7 @entity0 ). Total sleep time and the percentage of quiet sleep or non-rapid eye @entity2 (QS/NREMS) increased with age, whereas the percentage of active sleep or rapid eye @entity2 ( @entity1 /REMS) decreased. Spectral power of the sleep EEG was higher in QS/NREMS than in @entity1 /REMS over a large part of the 0.75- to 25-Hz frequency range. In both QS/NREMS and @entity1 /REMS, EEG power increased with age in the frequency range <10 Hz and >17 Hz. The largest rise occurred between 2 and 6 mo. A salient feature of the QS/NREMS spectrum was the emergence of a peak in the sigma band (12-14 Hz) at 2 mo that corresponded to the appearance of sleep spindles. Between 2 and 9 mo, low-frequency delta activity (0.75-1.75 Hz) showed an alternating pattern with a high level occurring in every other QS/NREMS episode. At 6 mo, sigma activity showed a similar pattern. In contrast, theta activity (6.5-9 Hz) exhibited a monotonic decline over consecutive QS/NREMS episodes, a trend that at 9 mo could be closely approximated by an exponential function. The results suggest that 1) EEG markers of sleep homeostasis appear in the first postnatal months, and 2) sleep homeostasis goes through a period of maturation. Theta activity and not delta activity seems to reflect the dissipation of sleep propensity during infancy.

title: Development of the nocturnal sleep electroencephalogram in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The development of nocturnal sleep and the sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) was investigated in a longitudinal study during infancy. All-night polysomnographic recordings were obtained at home at 2 wk and at 2, 4, 6, and 9 mo after birth (analysis of 7 @entity0 ). Total sleep time and the percentage of quiet sleep or non-rapid eye @entity2 (QS/NREMS) increased with age, whereas the percentage of active sleep or rapid eye @entity2 ( @entity1 /REMS) decreased. Spectral power of the sleep EEG was higher in QS/NREMS than in @entity1 /REMS over a large part of the 0.75- to 25-Hz frequency range. In both QS/NREMS and @entity1 /REMS, EEG power increased with age in the frequency range <10 Hz and >17 Hz. The largest rise occurred between 2 and 6 mo. A salient feature of the QS/NREMS spectrum was the emergence of a peak in the sigma band (12-14 Hz) at 2 mo that corresponded to the appearance of sleep spindles. Between 2 and 9 mo, low-frequency delta activity (0.75-1.75 Hz) showed an alternating pattern with a high level occurring in every other QS/NREMS episode. At 6 mo, sigma activity showed a similar pattern. In contrast, theta activity (6.5-9 Hz) exhibited a monotonic decline over consecutive QS/NREMS episodes, a trend that at 9 mo could be closely approximated by an exponential function. The results suggest that 1) EEG markers of sleep homeostasis appear in the first postnatal months, and 2) sleep homeostasis goes through a period of maturation. Theta activity and not delta activity seems to reflect the dissipation of sleep propensity during infancy.

title: Development of the nocturnal sleep electroencephalogram in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neuroprotective strategies to prevent or decrease @entity3 in @entity2 ischemic newborns are one of the main research lines in neonatology. Animal models have been used to assess the efficiency of new therapeutic strategies. @entity1 biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are frequently used to evaluate the outcome at the bedside. Despite the importance of this approach in clinical practice, there are many difficulties in using it in small animals. The aim of this paper was to describe a new technique for collecting CSF in @entity0 pups. Furthermore the reference values of @entity4 protein levels, commonly used in common clinical practice, were analyzed in animals between 7 to 12 days. METHODS: 42 @entity0 @entity0 pups aged 7 to 12 days were used. CSF was obtained by direct puncture of the cisterna magna with a 24-gauge needle. @entity4 protein levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: CSF was successfully obtained in 96% of the cases, with an average amount of 21.28  l (5-40  l). Normal values for @entity4 were described. HI animals presented higher @entity4 values than controls. CONCLUSIONS: A simple, reproducible technique for CSF collection in @entity0 pups has been described. This new method will allow study of @entity3 biomarkers in newborn @entity2 ischemic animal models.

title: A New Technique for Collection of Cerebrospinal Fluid in XXXX Pups.

answer: @entity0


abstract: HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 73-year-old previously healthy @entity0 presented with recurrent weakness, @entity15 and perioral paresthesia of 3 months' duration. Physical examination on admission was unremarkable and revealed a @entity0 in @entity5 . INVESTIGATIONS: Recurrent episodes of @entity12 let us to proceed with a fasting test. The test was stopped after 24 hours when the @entity0 became @entity7 and was found to have a blood sugar value of 2.2 mmol/l (accompanied by inadequately increased values for @entity9 , insulin and C-peptide). Ultrasound and computertomography of the abdomen showed a huge inhomogeneous mass in the tail of @entity3 in the liver, respectively. Core needle biopsies revealed typical histopathological findings of a @entity10 . TREATMENT AND COURSE: Eight cycles of chemotherapy were given using @entity11 / @entity6 for three cycles and @entity11 / @entity8 for the remaining therapy over a period of 16 months resulting in a reduction in size of liver @entity1 and improvement of symptoms. Following 6 months without any therapy new episodes of severe @entity12 and progression of the liver @entity1 occurred. Despite seven further cycles of chemotherapy and additional treatment with @entity14 /octreotide the @entity0 remained hypoglycemic and continuous @entity4 infusions became necessary. Therefore, chemoembolization of the liver with @entity11 / @entity8 and @entity13 -emulsion was performed. This resulted in a significant improvement of symptoms and the @entity0 could subsequently be discharged. The @entity0 died 4 months later. CONCLUSION: Chemoembolization is an effective possibility in the palliative treatment of advanced @entity2 .

title: [Recurrent XXXX caused by @entity2 as a therapeutic option].

answer: @entity12


abstract: HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 73-year-old previously healthy @entity0 presented with recurrent weakness, @entity15 and perioral paresthesia of 3 months' duration. Physical examination on admission was unremarkable and revealed a @entity0 in @entity5 . INVESTIGATIONS: Recurrent episodes of @entity12 let us to proceed with a fasting test. The test was stopped after 24 hours when the @entity0 became @entity7 and was found to have a blood sugar value of 2.2 mmol/l (accompanied by inadequately increased values for @entity9 , insulin and C-peptide). Ultrasound and computertomography of the abdomen showed a huge inhomogeneous mass in the tail of @entity3 in the liver, respectively. Core needle biopsies revealed typical histopathological findings of a @entity10 . TREATMENT AND COURSE: Eight cycles of chemotherapy were given using @entity11 / @entity6 for three cycles and @entity11 / @entity8 for the remaining therapy over a period of 16 months resulting in a reduction in size of liver @entity1 and improvement of symptoms. Following 6 months without any therapy new episodes of severe @entity12 and progression of the liver @entity1 occurred. Despite seven further cycles of chemotherapy and additional treatment with @entity14 /octreotide the @entity0 remained hypoglycemic and continuous @entity4 infusions became necessary. Therefore, chemoembolization of the liver with @entity11 / @entity8 and @entity13 -emulsion was performed. This resulted in a significant improvement of symptoms and the @entity0 could subsequently be discharged. The @entity0 died 4 months later. CONCLUSION: Chemoembolization is an effective possibility in the palliative treatment of advanced @entity2 .

title: [Recurrent @entity12 caused by XXXX as a therapeutic option].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity4 is a relatively common @entity4 arising in various tissues throughout the @entity0 body. Currently, there is no standard chemotherapy for advanced stage @entity5 . This has prompted us to retrospectively analyse our experience with the MCP regimen ( @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with histologically verified @entity5 undergoing chemotherapy with MCP were evaluated retrospectively. The MCP regimen consists of @entity6 8 mg/m(2) intravenously on days 1 and 2, @entity8 3 x 3 mg/m(2) per os (p.o.) on days 1-5 and @entity2 25 mg/m(2) p.o. on days 1-5. Information analysed included localisation of the @entity4 , clinical stage, pretreatment, number of chemotherapy cycles administered, @entity1 , response to treatment, follow-up time, relapse and survival. RESULTS: A total of 15 @entity0 (six females and nine males aged between 34 and 88 years) with histologically ascertained @entity5 undergoing treatment with the MCP regimen were identified from our records. Ten @entity0 had @entity4 , while five @entity0 suffered from @entity9 . All @entity0 were chemotherapy-na  ve, while two had been locally irradiated before application of MCP for recurrent disease. A total of 74 cycles was administered to our @entity0 , with a median number of five cycles per @entity0 . Eight (53%) @entity0 achieved complete remission, six (40%) @entity0 partial response and only one (7%) @entity0 had progressive disease. Subjective tolerance was excellent, and @entity1 were mainly haematological, including @entity7 World Health Organisation grade 3 and 4 in three @entity0 each. In two @entity0 , this was accompanied by single episodes of @entity3 . At the time of analysis, all @entity0 are still alive. No relapses have occurred after a median follow-up time of 16 (range 12-29) months. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that MCP is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 irrespective of localisation. Judging from our data, MCP also appears to be a feasible regimen in elderly @entity0 .

title: Treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue ( @entity5 ) with XXXX , @entity8 and @entity2 (MCP).

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity4 is a relatively common @entity4 arising in various tissues throughout the @entity0 body. Currently, there is no standard chemotherapy for advanced stage @entity5 . This has prompted us to retrospectively analyse our experience with the MCP regimen ( @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with histologically verified @entity5 undergoing chemotherapy with MCP were evaluated retrospectively. The MCP regimen consists of @entity6 8 mg/m(2) intravenously on days 1 and 2, @entity8 3 x 3 mg/m(2) per os (p.o.) on days 1-5 and @entity2 25 mg/m(2) p.o. on days 1-5. Information analysed included localisation of the @entity4 , clinical stage, pretreatment, number of chemotherapy cycles administered, @entity1 , response to treatment, follow-up time, relapse and survival. RESULTS: A total of 15 @entity0 (six females and nine males aged between 34 and 88 years) with histologically ascertained @entity5 undergoing treatment with the MCP regimen were identified from our records. Ten @entity0 had @entity4 , while five @entity0 suffered from @entity9 . All @entity0 were chemotherapy-na  ve, while two had been locally irradiated before application of MCP for recurrent disease. A total of 74 cycles was administered to our @entity0 , with a median number of five cycles per @entity0 . Eight (53%) @entity0 achieved complete remission, six (40%) @entity0 partial response and only one (7%) @entity0 had progressive disease. Subjective tolerance was excellent, and @entity1 were mainly haematological, including @entity7 World Health Organisation grade 3 and 4 in three @entity0 each. In two @entity0 , this was accompanied by single episodes of @entity3 . At the time of analysis, all @entity0 are still alive. No relapses have occurred after a median follow-up time of 16 (range 12-29) months. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that MCP is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 irrespective of localisation. Judging from our data, MCP also appears to be a feasible regimen in elderly @entity0 .

title: Treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue ( @entity5 ) with @entity6 , @entity8 and XXXX (MCP).

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity4 is a relatively common @entity4 arising in various tissues throughout the @entity0 body. Currently, there is no standard chemotherapy for advanced stage @entity5 . This has prompted us to retrospectively analyse our experience with the MCP regimen ( @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with histologically verified @entity5 undergoing chemotherapy with MCP were evaluated retrospectively. The MCP regimen consists of @entity6 8 mg/m(2) intravenously on days 1 and 2, @entity8 3 x 3 mg/m(2) per os (p.o.) on days 1-5 and @entity2 25 mg/m(2) p.o. on days 1-5. Information analysed included localisation of the @entity4 , clinical stage, pretreatment, number of chemotherapy cycles administered, @entity1 , response to treatment, follow-up time, relapse and survival. RESULTS: A total of 15 @entity0 (six females and nine males aged between 34 and 88 years) with histologically ascertained @entity5 undergoing treatment with the MCP regimen were identified from our records. Ten @entity0 had @entity4 , while five @entity0 suffered from @entity9 . All @entity0 were chemotherapy-na  ve, while two had been locally irradiated before application of MCP for recurrent disease. A total of 74 cycles was administered to our @entity0 , with a median number of five cycles per @entity0 . Eight (53%) @entity0 achieved complete remission, six (40%) @entity0 partial response and only one (7%) @entity0 had progressive disease. Subjective tolerance was excellent, and @entity1 were mainly haematological, including @entity7 World Health Organisation grade 3 and 4 in three @entity0 each. In two @entity0 , this was accompanied by single episodes of @entity3 . At the time of analysis, all @entity0 are still alive. No relapses have occurred after a median follow-up time of 16 (range 12-29) months. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that MCP is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 irrespective of localisation. Judging from our data, MCP also appears to be a feasible regimen in elderly @entity0 .

title: Treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue ( @entity5 ) with @entity6 , XXXX and @entity2 (MCP).

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity4 is a relatively common @entity4 arising in various tissues throughout the @entity0 body. Currently, there is no standard chemotherapy for advanced stage @entity5 . This has prompted us to retrospectively analyse our experience with the MCP regimen ( @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with histologically verified @entity5 undergoing chemotherapy with MCP were evaluated retrospectively. The MCP regimen consists of @entity6 8 mg/m(2) intravenously on days 1 and 2, @entity8 3 x 3 mg/m(2) per os (p.o.) on days 1-5 and @entity2 25 mg/m(2) p.o. on days 1-5. Information analysed included localisation of the @entity4 , clinical stage, pretreatment, number of chemotherapy cycles administered, @entity1 , response to treatment, follow-up time, relapse and survival. RESULTS: A total of 15 @entity0 (six females and nine males aged between 34 and 88 years) with histologically ascertained @entity5 undergoing treatment with the MCP regimen were identified from our records. Ten @entity0 had @entity4 , while five @entity0 suffered from @entity9 . All @entity0 were chemotherapy-na  ve, while two had been locally irradiated before application of MCP for recurrent disease. A total of 74 cycles was administered to our @entity0 , with a median number of five cycles per @entity0 . Eight (53%) @entity0 achieved complete remission, six (40%) @entity0 partial response and only one (7%) @entity0 had progressive disease. Subjective tolerance was excellent, and @entity1 were mainly haematological, including @entity7 World Health Organisation grade 3 and 4 in three @entity0 each. In two @entity0 , this was accompanied by single episodes of @entity3 . At the time of analysis, all @entity0 are still alive. No relapses have occurred after a median follow-up time of 16 (range 12-29) months. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that MCP is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 irrespective of localisation. Judging from our data, MCP also appears to be a feasible regimen in elderly @entity0 .

title: Treatment of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue ( XXXX ) with @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity2 (MCP).

answer: @entity5


abstract: PGs are regulators of a plethora of uterine functions during reproductive processes, including uterine contractility. In @entity0 uterus, the rate-limiting step in PG synthesis is catalyzed by the PG endoperoxide G/H synthase (PGHS) enzymes. It has previously been established that @entity6 isoform expression is affected by the ruminant-specific interferon (IFN)-tau in @entity0 endometrial cells. Here, we show that @entity6 mRNA and protein levels are induced by @entity5 in primary cell cultures from @entity0 myometrium. Treatment with recombinant @entity0 @entity5 induces the activation of the JAK-STAT and @entity4 MAPK pathways in @entity0 myometrial cells. Inhibition of the @entity4 pathway by the specific inhibitor @entity1 strongly decreases @entity6 mRNA and protein expression without affecting the phosphorylation and DNA-binding of transcription factors @entity2 and @entity3 . The @entity4 pathway regulates @entity6 expression at the posttranscriptional level, because the presence of @entity1 results in the destabilization of @entity5 -induced @entity6 mRNA. Taken together, these data demonstrate the ability of @entity5 to induce the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in a manner similar to other types of IFN (i.e. alpha, beta, and gamma) and to regulate @entity6 mRNA stability through the activation of the @entity4 pathway. These findings provide new insights into the physiological function of @entity5 , in regard to regulation of specific genes associated with myometrial contractility.

title: Induction of PG G/H synthase-2 in @entity0 myometrial cells by interferon-tau requires the activation of the XXXX MAPK pathway.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PGs are regulators of a plethora of uterine functions during reproductive processes, including uterine contractility. In @entity0 uterus, the rate-limiting step in PG synthesis is catalyzed by the PG endoperoxide G/H synthase (PGHS) enzymes. It has previously been established that @entity6 isoform expression is affected by the ruminant-specific interferon (IFN)-tau in @entity0 endometrial cells. Here, we show that @entity6 mRNA and protein levels are induced by @entity5 in primary cell cultures from @entity0 myometrium. Treatment with recombinant @entity0 @entity5 induces the activation of the JAK-STAT and @entity4 MAPK pathways in @entity0 myometrial cells. Inhibition of the @entity4 pathway by the specific inhibitor @entity1 strongly decreases @entity6 mRNA and protein expression without affecting the phosphorylation and DNA-binding of transcription factors @entity2 and @entity3 . The @entity4 pathway regulates @entity6 expression at the posttranscriptional level, because the presence of @entity1 results in the destabilization of @entity5 -induced @entity6 mRNA. Taken together, these data demonstrate the ability of @entity5 to induce the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in a manner similar to other types of IFN (i.e. alpha, beta, and gamma) and to regulate @entity6 mRNA stability through the activation of the @entity4 pathway. These findings provide new insights into the physiological function of @entity5 , in regard to regulation of specific genes associated with myometrial contractility.

title: Induction of PG G/H synthase-2 in XXXX myometrial cells by interferon-tau requires the activation of the @entity4 MAPK pathway.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of ear drops containing @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity4 , and @entity1 and antibiotic in @entity5 in primary care. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. SETTING: 79 general practices, Netherlands. @entity0 : 213 adults with @entity5 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:                 <AbstractText Label="PRIMARY OUTCOME" NlmCategory="METHODS">duration of symptoms (days) according to @entity0 diaries. Secondary outcome: cure rate according to general practitioner completed questionnaires and recurrence of symptoms between days 21 and 42. RESULTS: Symptoms lasted for a median of 8.0 days (95% confidence interval 7.0 to 9.0) in the @entity4 group, 7.0 days (5.8 to 8.3) in the @entity1 and @entity4 group, and 6.0 days (5.1 to 6.9) in the @entity1 and antibiotic group. The overall cure rates at seven, 14, and 21 days were 38%, 68%, and 75%, respectively. Compared with the @entity4 group, significantly more @entity0 were cured in the @entity1 and @entity4 group and @entity1 and antibiotic group at day 14 (odds ratio 2.4, 1.1 to 5.3, and 3.5, 1.6 to 7.7, respectively) and day 21 (5.3, 2.0 to 13.7, and 3.9, 1.7 to 9.1, respectively). Recurrence of symptoms between days 21 and 42 occurred in 29% (50/172) of @entity0 and was seen significantly less in the @entity1 and @entity4 group (0.3, 0.1 to 0.7) and @entity1 and antibiotic group (0.4, 0.2 to 1.0) than in the @entity4 group. CONCLUSIONS: Ear drops containing @entity3 are more effective than @entity4 ear drops in the treatment of @entity5 in primary care. @entity1 and @entity4 or @entity1 and antibiotic ear drops are equally effective.

title: Clinical efficacy of three common treatments in XXXX in primary care: randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A prospective study was performed to determine the usefulness of triple-contrast helical CT in predicting peritoneal violation and the need for laparotomy in the treatment of penetrating torso @entity2 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Triple-contrast helical CT scans were obtained in 104 hemodynamically stable @entity0 with penetrating injuries to the torso (thoracoabdominal region including tangential wounds to the anterior abdomen, flank, back, and pelvis) over a 17-month period. The study group included 54 @entity0 with gunshot wounds and 50 with stab wounds. No @entity0 had a radiographic or clinical indication for immediate laparotomy. A positive finding on CT was defined as evidence of peritoneal violation or @entity3 , major vessel, or urinary tract. @entity0 with a positive CT, except @entity0 with isolated @entity1 or free fluid, underwent laparotomy. @entity0 with a negative finding on CT were initially observed. RESULTS: CT studies were positive in 35 (34%) of 104 @entity0 and negative in 69 (66%) of 104 of @entity0 . Laparotomy was performed in 21 (60%) of 35 @entity0 with positive CT; 19 (86%) of 22 were therapeutic, two (9%) were nontherapeutic, and one (5%) was negative (no injury was found). Nine @entity0 with isolated @entity1 were successfully treated without laparotomy. Among @entity0 with a negative CT, 67 (97%) of 69 were treated nonoperatively with success. CT had 100% (19/19) sensitivity, 96% (69/72) specificity, 100% (69/69) negative predictive value, and 97% (101/104) accuracy in predicting the need for laparotomy. CONCLUSION: Triple-contrast helical CT can accurately predict the need for laparotomy and exclude peritoneal violation in penetrating torso @entity2 including tangential abdominal wounds.

title: Triple-contrast helical CT in penetrating torso XXXX : a prospective study to determine peritoneal violation and the need for laparotomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Persistent @entity2 colonization in the stomach induces @entity5 and peptic ulcer and interferes with @entity0 . Most strains of @entity2 produce a cytotoxin, VacA, that induces cytoplasmic vacuolation in epithelial cells with structural and functional changes, leading to @entity3 . VacA is known to cause cell death by @entity4 . We hypothesized that VacA might disrupt other signaling pathways; to that end, we examined the effects of VacA on MAPKs to elucidate their role in the abnormalities seen in VacA-treated cells. VacA stimulated phosphorylation of p38 and Erk1/2, but not JNK, in AZ-521 cells. Both phosphorylation and kinase activation of p38 were maximal 10-30 min after addition of VacA and declined thereafter. Treatment with anti-VacA antibody or the p38 inhibitor @entity1 blocked p38 phosphorylation caused by VacA and inhibited VacA-induced phosphorylation of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF-2), which is implicated in transcriptional control of stress-responsive genes. These data indicate that VacA stimulates a p38/ATF-2-mediated signal pathway. However, 10 microM @entity1 , which is sufficient to decrease p38 phosphorylation, did not inhibit VacA-induced cellular vacuolation, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, or cytochrome c release from mitochondria. These results suggest that VacA-induced activation of p38/ATF-2-mediated signal pathway is independent of cellular vacuolation, decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, or cytochrome c release from mitochondria caused by VacA. The cytotoxin may thus act independently on several cellular targets, leading to disruption of signaling, regulatory, and metabolic pathways.

title: XXXX VacA activates the p38/activating transcription factor 2-mediated signal pathway in AZ-521 cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides superior information for diagnosis and treatment of pediatric @entity1 , but for reasons of practicality, clinic blood pressure measurements (CBP) are still the primary diagnostic tool. Regular @entity3 ( @entity3 ) may be an alternative to ABPM, but this technique awaits validation in practice. We analyzed the concordance of ABPM, CBP and @entity3 in 118 pediatric @entity0 (3-19 y) with @entity2 . @entity3 readings (10.5 +/- 5.4 per @entity0 ) were averaged for one week around the day of ABPM and CBP. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) measured by @entity3 (84.0 +/- 10 mm Hg) was significantly lower than both CBP (86.1 +/- 14.1 mm Hg, P< 0.05) and daytime ABPM (90.3 +/- 10.4 mm Hg, P< 0.05). @entity3 detected @entity1 @entity0 with greater specificity (82 versus 70%), but lower sensitivity (52 versus 70%) than CBP. The fraction of @entity0 rated erroneously @entity1 was 23% with CBP, but only 14% with @entity3 . The 95% limits of agreement with ABPM were narrower for @entity3 (-23 to10 mm Hg) than for CBP (-30 to 21 mm Hg). CBP, but not @entity3 measurements, were less precise in the upper BP range. The accuracy of @entity3 measurements did not change with use over a six months time period. In conclusion, @entity3 was superior to CBP in predicting ABPM, but neither CBP nor @entity3 detected @entity1 with enough sensitivity or specificity to replace ABPM. The greater specificity of @entity3 compared with CBP makes it a more suitable tool for diagnosis, rather than screening, of @entity1 in @entity0 .

title: Home, clinic, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides superior information for diagnosis and treatment of pediatric @entity1 , but for reasons of practicality, clinic blood pressure measurements (CBP) are still the primary diagnostic tool. Regular @entity3 ( @entity3 ) may be an alternative to ABPM, but this technique awaits validation in practice. We analyzed the concordance of ABPM, CBP and @entity3 in 118 pediatric @entity0 (3-19 y) with @entity2 . @entity3 readings (10.5 +/- 5.4 per @entity0 ) were averaged for one week around the day of ABPM and CBP. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) measured by @entity3 (84.0 +/- 10 mm Hg) was significantly lower than both CBP (86.1 +/- 14.1 mm Hg, P< 0.05) and daytime ABPM (90.3 +/- 10.4 mm Hg, P< 0.05). @entity3 detected @entity1 @entity0 with greater specificity (82 versus 70%), but lower sensitivity (52 versus 70%) than CBP. The fraction of @entity0 rated erroneously @entity1 was 23% with CBP, but only 14% with @entity3 . The 95% limits of agreement with ABPM were narrower for @entity3 (-23 to10 mm Hg) than for CBP (-30 to 21 mm Hg). CBP, but not @entity3 measurements, were less precise in the upper BP range. The accuracy of @entity3 measurements did not change with use over a six months time period. In conclusion, @entity3 was superior to CBP in predicting ABPM, but neither CBP nor @entity3 detected @entity1 with enough sensitivity or specificity to replace ABPM. The greater specificity of @entity3 compared with CBP makes it a more suitable tool for diagnosis, rather than screening, of @entity1 in @entity0 .

title: Home, clinic, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 is a common complication during anesthesia of bears, and it can be life threatening. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of active cooling on core body temperature for treatment of @entity1 in anesthetized @entity4 ( @entity4 ). In addition, body temperature after reversal with @entity5 was also evaluated. Twenty-five adult and subadult @entity4 were captured with a combination of @entity7 - @entity6 and @entity2 or @entity3 . A core temperature capsule was inserted into the bears' stomach or 15 cm into their rectum or a combination of both. In six bears with gastric temperatures >= 40.0  C, an active cooling protocol was performed, and the temperature change over 30 min was analyzed. The cooling protocol consisted of enemas with 2 L of water at approximately 5  C/100 kg of body weight every 10 min, 1 L of intravenous fluids at ambient temperature, water or snow on the paws or the inguinal area, intranasal @entity0 supplementation, and removing the bear from direct sunlight or providing shade. Nine bears with body temperature >39.0  C that were not cooled served as control for the treated animals. Their body temperatures were recorded for 30 min, prior to administration of reversal. At the end of the anesthetic procedure, all bears received an intramuscular dose of @entity5 . In 10 bears, deep rectal temperature change over 30 min after administration of @entity5 was evaluated. The active cooling protocol used in hyperthermic bears significantly decreased their body temperatures within 10 min, and it produced a significantly greater decrease in their temperature than that recorded in the control group.

title: EFFECT OF ACTIVE COOLING AND a-2 ADRENOCEPTOR ANTAGONISM ON CORE TEMPERATURE IN ANESTHETIZED XXXX ( @entity4 ).

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 is a common complication during anesthesia of bears, and it can be life threatening. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of active cooling on core body temperature for treatment of @entity1 in anesthetized @entity4 ( @entity4 ). In addition, body temperature after reversal with @entity5 was also evaluated. Twenty-five adult and subadult @entity4 were captured with a combination of @entity7 - @entity6 and @entity2 or @entity3 . A core temperature capsule was inserted into the bears' stomach or 15 cm into their rectum or a combination of both. In six bears with gastric temperatures >= 40.0  C, an active cooling protocol was performed, and the temperature change over 30 min was analyzed. The cooling protocol consisted of enemas with 2 L of water at approximately 5  C/100 kg of body weight every 10 min, 1 L of intravenous fluids at ambient temperature, water or snow on the paws or the inguinal area, intranasal @entity0 supplementation, and removing the bear from direct sunlight or providing shade. Nine bears with body temperature >39.0  C that were not cooled served as control for the treated animals. Their body temperatures were recorded for 30 min, prior to administration of reversal. At the end of the anesthetic procedure, all bears received an intramuscular dose of @entity5 . In 10 bears, deep rectal temperature change over 30 min after administration of @entity5 was evaluated. The active cooling protocol used in hyperthermic bears significantly decreased their body temperatures within 10 min, and it produced a significantly greater decrease in their temperature than that recorded in the control group.

title: EFFECT OF ACTIVE COOLING AND a-2 ADRENOCEPTOR ANTAGONISM ON CORE TEMPERATURE IN ANESTHETIZED @entity4 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To dissect the role of the apoptotic pathway and its regulation in the pathogenesis of @entity11 in nonobstructive @entity10 . DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospital. @entity0 (S): Sixty-three @entity4 azoospermic @entity0 with different histologic phenotypes were recruited (obstructive @entity10 , n = 16; @entity13 , n = 11; maturation arrest, n = 15; Sertoli cell only, n = 21). INTERVENTION(S): Testicular biopsies for histopathologic and expression analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Expression analysis by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, protein localization by immunohistochemistry and apoptotic proteome array. RESULT(S): Results showed significantly increased expression of proapoptotic proteins like @entity7 , BAD, and BAK and comparatively lowered expression of antiapoptotic @entity6 and @entity12 . Immunostaining revealed increased active @entity5 activity and more TUNEL-positive cells in different impaired phenotypes as compared with normal. In addition, significantly increased m-RNA expression of @entity9 , @entity8 , and @entity2 along with significant down-regulation of @entity1 were observed. Expression of phosphorylated @entity8 at the S15 position and phosphorylated @entity14 at S635 was observed in cases with @entity3 at the translational level. CONCLUSION(S): The results clearly indicate increased levels of apoptosis along with its other regulatory factors. The balance between pro- ( @entity7 and BAK) and antiapoptotic ( @entity6 and @entity12 ) genes was disturbed, which may lead to altered apoptosis. Therefore, altered regulation of apoptosis might be associated with impaired spermatogenesis, eventually leading to @entity11 .

title: Dysregulation of apoptotic pathway candidate genes and proteins in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To dissect the role of the apoptotic pathway and its regulation in the pathogenesis of @entity11 in nonobstructive @entity10 . DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospital. @entity0 (S): Sixty-three @entity4 azoospermic @entity0 with different histologic phenotypes were recruited (obstructive @entity10 , n = 16; @entity13 , n = 11; maturation arrest, n = 15; Sertoli cell only, n = 21). INTERVENTION(S): Testicular biopsies for histopathologic and expression analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Expression analysis by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, protein localization by immunohistochemistry and apoptotic proteome array. RESULT(S): Results showed significantly increased expression of proapoptotic proteins like @entity7 , BAD, and BAK and comparatively lowered expression of antiapoptotic @entity6 and @entity12 . Immunostaining revealed increased active @entity5 activity and more TUNEL-positive cells in different impaired phenotypes as compared with normal. In addition, significantly increased m-RNA expression of @entity9 , @entity8 , and @entity2 along with significant down-regulation of @entity1 were observed. Expression of phosphorylated @entity8 at the S15 position and phosphorylated @entity14 at S635 was observed in cases with @entity3 at the translational level. CONCLUSION(S): The results clearly indicate increased levels of apoptosis along with its other regulatory factors. The balance between pro- ( @entity7 and BAK) and antiapoptotic ( @entity6 and @entity12 ) genes was disturbed, which may lead to altered apoptosis. Therefore, altered regulation of apoptosis might be associated with impaired spermatogenesis, eventually leading to @entity11 .

title: Dysregulation of apoptotic pathway candidate genes and proteins in @entity4 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Knowledge about the morphologic changes following ultraviolet irradiation in the earliest stages of @entity1 is still lacking. METHODS: To investigate these changes, an in vitro system consisting of radial growth phase @entity1 cell lines ( @entity0 and WM3211) was established. Cells were irradiated with a single erythemogenic dose of UVB (10 mJ/cm2) and evaluated for morphologic changes. RESULTS: When compared with the non-irradiated cells, inverted light microscopy revealed increased cellular branching, cytoplasmic size, and multinucleation in the irradiated cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the features of increased metabolic activity ( @entity4 of the mitochondria and Golgi) and those of ultrastructural atypia (pleomorphism of the nuclei and nucleoli, increased euchromatin, and nucleolar margination) in the irradiated cells. Moreover, UVB irradiation caused an increase in the apoptotic activity. These alterations were associated with up-regulation of @entity3 , @entity2 , and the second mismatch repair protein ( @entity5 ), as revealed by Western blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS: UVB irradiation can induce apoptosis, morphologic changes, and altered expression of @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity5 in radial growth phase @entity1 cell lines. Up-regulation of @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity5 suggests that these factors are involved in the altered balance between survival and apoptosis induced by UVB. Further investigation will be needed to determine if apoptosis and ultrastructural atypia reflect underlying DNA damage and genomic instability induced by UVB.

title: Morphological changes and apoptosis in radial growth phase XXXX cell lines following ultraviolet-B irradiation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Next generation theranostic devices will rely on the smart integration of different functional moieties into one system. These individual chemical elements will have a variety of desired chemical and physical properties and will need to behave in a multifunctional manner. Researchers have used upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as a basis for superior imaging probes to locate cancerous lesions. The features of these nanoparticles, such as large anti-Stokes shifts, sharp emission bands, long-lived luminescence, and high resistance to photobleaching, have produced versatile probes. One way to improve these probes is to add a layer of dense or mesoporous @entity3 to the outer surface of UCNPs (UCNP@ @entity4 ). These modified UCNPs are chemically stable and much less cytotoxic than the original UCNPs. In addition, their surface can be easily modified to introduce various functional groups (e.g., - @entity2 , - @entity1 , -SH) via silanization, which facilitates conjugations with various biological molecules for multimodal imaging or synergetic therapeutics. This versatility makes UCNP@ @entity4 particles excellent platforms for the construction of efficient theranostics. In this Account, we provide a comprehensive summary of recent progress in the development of UCNP@ @entity4 nanocomposites for theranostics in the hope of speeding their translation into the clinic. We first discuss the major design principles and protocols for engineering various nanocomposites based on UCNP@ @entity4 structures including those coated with dense @entity3 , mesoporous @entity3 , or hollow mesoporous @entity3 . Next we summarize several representative efforts that probe the relaxivity mechanisms of these nanostructures as a way to optimize magnetic resonance sensitivity, multimode @entity0 imaging, near-infrared light-triggered chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and synergetic therapy (the combination of radiotherapy with chemotherapy, thermotherapy, or photodynamic therapy) using UCNP@ @entity4 -based theranostics. By rational integration of a wide range of features that convey multiple functions (such as imaging and therapy) into the structure or onto the surfaces of UCNP@ @entity4 , the constructed theranostics show promise for multimodal @entity0 imaging, biosensing, and effective @entity0 therapy. Finally, we discuss the limitations of UCNP@ @entity4 nanostructures, the difficulties in the design of smart theranostics, and their potential role in clinical @entity0 research.

title: XXXX Coated Upconversion Nanoparticles: A Versatile Platform for the Development of Efficient Theranostics.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if an integrin-retargeted adenoviral vector could establish a more efficient and @entity1 -specific gene transfer in @entity4 cells. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Although preclinical data indicated that adenoviral gene therapy could be a promising novel treatment modality for @entity1 , clinical results are often disappointing. An important problem is the decreased tumoral expression of the Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), which mediates adenoviral entry. Retargeting the adenoviral vector to other cellular receptors, by inserting an @entity3 - @entity6 - @entity5 (RGD) tripeptide in the fiber knob, might overcome this problem. METHODS: Four @entity4 cell lines and 10 fresh surgical resection specimens were cultured. All were infected with the native adenovirus (Ad) and the retargeted adenovirus (AdRGD), encoding for the reporter genes luciferase or Green Fluorescent Protein to analyze gene transfer efficiency. RESULTS: In all cell lines, an increase in viral expression per cell and an increase in the percentage of transduced cells were seen with the retargeted adenovirus. Also, in the primary cultures of @entity2 cells, a more efficient gene transfer was seen when the retargeted vector was used. This phenomenon was less pronounced in normal cells, indicating that the RGD virus transduces @entity1 cells more efficiently than normal cells. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that an RGD retargeted @entity7 @entity0 @entity4 cells with enhanced efficiency, while in normal esophageal cells this effect is less pronounced. Therefore, this retargeted vector is expected to have a better performance in vivo, when compared with nonretargeted vectors used for @entity1 gene therapy so far.

title: A genetically retargeted adenoviral vector enhances viral transduction in XXXX cell lines and primary cultured esophageal resection specimens.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The efficacy of antihistamines in the treatment of @entity6 and @entity0 is compared. In treating @entity6 , the new second- and third-generation antihistamines have multiple advantages including rapid onset of action, extended duration of action, and efficacy for nearly all the symptoms that are produced by allergen sensitization. These include non-nasal and nasal symptoms. These agents are generally nonsedating and can be administered either once or twice daily. There is minimal potentiation for @entity3 , and they are safe and effective as first-line therapies for @entity6 . They are especially effective when combined with topical corticosteroids in reducing the whole constellation of symptomatology of @entity6 . The treatment of chronic idiopathic @entity0 should include second- and third-generation antihistamines as primary therapy. Additional therapy may include H2 antagonists, @entity9 -decongestant combinations, tricyclic antidepressants such as @entity8 , and beta-adrenergic agonists including @entity7 and @entity4 for acute @entity1 . Corticosteroids may be required to treat significant exacerbations of chronic @entity0 and/or to break a long-standing cycle of @entity0 . Miscellaneous therapeutic agents include leukotriene antagonists combined with H1, H2 antagonists, @entity2 channel antagonists, plasmapheresis, cyclosporin and @entity5 .

title: The evolution of pharmacotherapy for rhinitis and XXXX .

answer: @entity0