abstract: BACKGROUND: Experts are accurate in differentiating small @entity1 from @entity2 at colonoscopy by using narrow-band imaging (NBI). OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the effectiveness of an NBI training module on individuals with varying colonoscopy experience. DESIGN: Prospective educational evaluation study. SETTING: Academic endoscopy unit. @entity0 : Twenty-one @entity0 of varying colonoscopy experience (novices, trainees, and experienced gastroenterologists) and 5 experts in NBI. INTERVENTION: @entity0 completed a computer-based test module consisting of 30 NBI polyp images. No feedback was given. They then completed a computer-based training module on the use of NBI in the differentiation of @entity1 and @entity2 . The test module was then completed a second time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Construct validity (the difference in baseline accuracy on the test module between different groups of @entity0 ) and content validity (difference in accuracy achieved on the test module before and after training) of the training module. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the baseline accuracy (P < .001) between experts (0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92-0.97), experienced colonoscopists (0.68; 95% CI, 0.68-0.74), trainees (0.75; 95% CI, 0.67-0.82), and novices (0.62; 95% CI, 0.46-0.77). Accuracy increased significantly (P < .001) for @entity3 groups after training (novices 0.84; 95% CI, 0.78-0.88, trainees 0.90; 95% CI, 0.84-0.93, and experienced colonoscopists 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76-0.89). After training, the agreement was moderate at least (k = 0.56 for novices, k = 0.70 for trainees, and k = 0.54 for experienced colonoscopists). LIMITATIONS: This study did not assess the accuracy of optical diagnosis in routine clinical practice. CONCLUSION: A short, computer-based training module can improve the diagnostic accuracy and interobserver agreement for the use of NBI to differentiate @entity1 from @entity2 and could be used for the initial training in optical diagnosis.

title: Development and validation of a training module on the use of narrow-band imaging in differentiation of small @entity1 from XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Most of the data reported on @entity8 has been from studies of Anglo-Saxon @entity0 . We conducted a study to ascertain the relation between @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and some epidemiologic, clinical, and biochemical parameters and to assess the coronary histopathologic aspects of subjects in a Spanish population who had died suddenly. A total of 204 subjects (86% @entity0 ), aged 12 to 80 years (mean 54    15), who had died from out-of-hospital natural @entity7 were evaluated. Only 15% of subjects had been previously diagnosed with @entity3 . Pathologic evidence of underlying @entity1 was found in 90% of cases, with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) the most frequent (58%). The @entity4 was acute @entity9 in 41% and a stable plaque with luminal narrowing of >= 75% in 59%. An old @entity6 was found in 31% of the @entity7 victims. @entity10 was found in 48%, with no relation between the presence of @entity10 and @entity4 . @entity0 with stable plaques had a greater heart weight than did those with acute @entity9 (p = 0.02). Male gender, older age, smoking, and low-density lipoprotein @entity2 /high-density lipoprotein @entity2 ratio of >= 3 were associated with @entity4 . A greater percentage of @entity0 with an eroded and/or @entity5 than @entity0 with a stable plaque were smokers. Only smoking and a low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein @entity2 ratio of >= 3 were associated with an eroded and/or @entity5 . In conclusion, compared with the findings from studies of Anglo-Saxon @entity0 , a lower incidence of @entity4 and acute @entity9 and a greater incidence of @entity10 were found in @entity7 victims of a Mediterranean Spanish population.

title: Specific characteristics of XXXX in a mediterranean Spanish population.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 @entity0 are more likely to be hospitalized, have higher rates of hospital complications, and have an increased risk of deterioration during hospitalization. Length of stay is an important underlying factor for these increased risks. We aimed to investigate potential medication errors that may occur during hospitalization and its impact on length of hospital stay. METHODS: A cross-sectional chart review of 339 consecutive hospital encounters from 212 @entity3 subjects was performed. Medication errors were defined as wrong timing or omission of administration for dopaminergic drugs and administration of contraindicated @entity2 blockers. An analysis of covariance was applied to examine whether these medication errors were related to increased length of hospital stays. RESULTS: A significant effect for dopaminergic administration (p<0.01) on length of hospital stay was observed. Subjects who had delayed administration or missed at least one dose stayed longer (M=8.2 days, SD=8.9 vs. M=3.6 days SD=3.4). Contraindicated @entity2 blocking agents were administered in 23% (71/339) of cases, and this was also significantly related to an increased length of stay (M=8.2 days, SD=8.9 vs. M=3.6 days SD=3.4), p<0.05. @entity0 who received a contraindicated @entity2 blocker stayed in the hospital longer (M=7.5 days, SD=9.1) compared to those who did not (M=5.9 days, SD=6.8). Neurologists were consulted in 24.5% of encounters. Specialty consultation had no effect on the medication related errors. CONCLUSIONS: Missing dopaminergic dosages and administration of @entity2 blockers occur frequently in hospitalized @entity1 @entity0 and this may impact length of stay. These potentially modifiable factors may reduce the risk of a longer stay related to hospitalization.

title: Missing Dosages and Neuroleptic Usage May Prolong Length of Stay in Hospitalized XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 @entity0 are more likely to be hospitalized, have higher rates of hospital complications, and have an increased risk of deterioration during hospitalization. Length of stay is an important underlying factor for these increased risks. We aimed to investigate potential medication errors that may occur during hospitalization and its impact on length of hospital stay. METHODS: A cross-sectional chart review of 339 consecutive hospital encounters from 212 @entity3 subjects was performed. Medication errors were defined as wrong timing or omission of administration for dopaminergic drugs and administration of contraindicated @entity2 blockers. An analysis of covariance was applied to examine whether these medication errors were related to increased length of hospital stays. RESULTS: A significant effect for dopaminergic administration (p<0.01) on length of hospital stay was observed. Subjects who had delayed administration or missed at least one dose stayed longer (M=8.2 days, SD=8.9 vs. M=3.6 days SD=3.4). Contraindicated @entity2 blocking agents were administered in 23% (71/339) of cases, and this was also significantly related to an increased length of stay (M=8.2 days, SD=8.9 vs. M=3.6 days SD=3.4), p<0.05. @entity0 who received a contraindicated @entity2 blocker stayed in the hospital longer (M=7.5 days, SD=9.1) compared to those who did not (M=5.9 days, SD=6.8). Neurologists were consulted in 24.5% of encounters. Specialty consultation had no effect on the medication related errors. CONCLUSIONS: Missing dopaminergic dosages and administration of @entity2 blockers occur frequently in hospitalized @entity1 @entity0 and this may impact length of stay. These potentially modifiable factors may reduce the risk of a longer stay related to hospitalization.

title: Missing Dosages and Neuroleptic Usage May Prolong Length of Stay in Hospitalized @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies show a high and growing prevalence of @entity1 in the population worldwide. 25% of the general population in Europe will during their lifetime experience symptoms related to a @entity1 . The Mental Health First @entity2 concept (MHFA) was founded in 2000 in Australia by Kitchener and Jorm, in order to provide the population with mental health first @entity2 skills. The aim of the concept is, through an educational intervention (course), to increase confidence in how to help @entity0 suffering from mental health problems. Further, secondary aims are to increase the mental health literacy of the public by increasing knowledge, reduce stigma and initiate more supportive actions leading towards professional care. An investigation of the effect of MHFA offered a Danish population is needed. METHODS: The design is a randomized waitlist-controlled superiority trial, in which 500 @entity0 will be allocated to either the intervention group or the control group. The control group will attend the course six months later, hence waiting list design. From fall 2013 to spring 2014 @entity0 will be educated to be "mental health first-aiders" following a manualized, two days MHFA course. All the @entity0 will answer a questionnaire at base-line and at 6  months follow-up. The questionnaire is a back-translation of the questionnaire used in Australian trials. The trial will be complemented by a qualitative study, in which focus groups will be carried out. DISCUSSION: Outcomes measured are sensitive to interpretation, hence a challenge to uniform. This trial will add to the use of a mixed-methods design and exemplify how it can strengthen the analysis and take up the challenge of a sensitive outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION: https://clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT02334020 .

title: The effect of the mental health first- XXXX training course offered employees in Denmark: study protocol for a randomized waitlist-controlled superiority trial mixed with a qualitative study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 are rare @entity1 of mesenchymal origin. They are often of low malignant potential and rarely metastasize. While they frequently arise from the pleura, they can occur at any soft tissue site in the body. We present a case of a large (28 * 21cm) @entity5 arising from the bladder serosa. In addition, the clinicopathologic features, differential diagnosis, cytogenetics and management of this rare disease are discussed, along with a review of the existing literature on this topic. CASE PRESENTATION: An otherwise healthy 41-year-old Caucasian @entity0 presented with @entity4 and progressive abdominal bloating. A subsequent computed tomography scan of his chest, abdomen and pelvis revealed a 26.8 * 21cm intra-abdominal mass occupying most of his abdominal cavity. The inferior vena cava was compressed, and the mass extended inferiorly to his upper pelvis abutting the superior dome of his bladder. He underwent operative resection and the resected mass measured 28 * 21 * 18cm and weighed 4.8kg. The cut surface revealed a gray-white mass with an ill-defined whorled-like pattern, with randomly assorted tan fleshy nodules. A histologic evaluation revealed variable, alternating hypercellular and hypocellular areas, with areas of @entity2 . The @entity1 cells varied from spindle to epithelioid within a hyalinized stroma. In the hypercellular areas, the @entity1 cells showed moderate atypia with high mitotic activity. The histological features combined with immunophenotyping were suggestive of a @entity5 that grossly appeared to be growing from the bladder serosa, specifically the intraperitoneal superior dome of the bladder. Our @entity0 is currently eight months post-surgery without evidence of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Extrapleural occurrences of solitary @entity3 are being increasingly observed. @entity1 of the urinary bladder, however, are very rare. As there are no pathognomonic features of @entity1 , surgical resection is often both diagnostic and therapeutic, as was the case in our report.

title: Massive XXXX arising from the bladder serosa: a case report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Occasionally, it is difficult to design an appropriate treatment plan for @entity1 . We present the usefulness of combined treatment with a bronchoscopic electrocautery wire snare prior to wedge @entity6 for @entity0 with @entity1 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 64-year-old @entity0 , who was a long-term @entity4 user, complicated with @entity3 . Chest CT scan showed total atelectasis of the left lung due to obstruction of the left main bronchus by an @entity2 , which protruded from the left lower lobe. He was diagnosed with @entity5 of c-T3N0M0 Stage IIB. @entity2 resection of the left main bronchus was initially performed, which resulted in an improvement of the @entity0 's symptoms; the @entity0 's pulmonary function was evaluated and bronchial extension of the @entity2 was also observed. He subsequently underwent elective bronchoplastic left lower lobectomy and lymphadenectomy, with no recurrence 2 years after surgery. DISCUSSION: A variety of therapeutic bronchoscopic intervention are available for the treatment of @entity1 . The effectiveness of endobronchial electrocautery using the snare wire has been reported for the treatment of respiratory tract @entity2 , which allowed planning of the following treatment procedure. CONCLUSION: The combination of a bronchoscopic electrocautery wire snare and bronchoplastic surgical procedure was useful for the treatment of @entity1 such as in our case.

title: Endobronchial electrocautery wire snare prior to wedge XXXX : A case report.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity8 ( @entity8 ), which has been rarely reported both at home and abroad, is a rare type of @entity8 . CASE PRESENTATION: This is a report on a 64-year-old Chinese migraineur who has had recurrent typical @entity4 without @entity1 attacks for more than 30 years, and has been misdiagnosed as having had @entity3 ( @entity3 ) many times. He mainly experienced episodes of ' @entity4 ' or photopsia, which presented as different shapes located at the side or above his visual field, for example, patchy, cord-like, zigzag, curtain-like or irregular shapes. The shape was inconsistent during each attack, however, the color was mainly gray or light blue. The @entity4 gradually disappeared in about 30 minutes. Our @entity0 has never suffered a @entity1 attack during or after the @entity4 . Normal results were observed in his @entity2 , complete blood test, electroencephalogram and neuroimaging examination. CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 is an uncommon phenomenon of @entity7 . @entity4 mainly presents positive and dynamic symptoms. It has a benign course and can be diagnosed after exclusion of other @entity6 such as @entity3 and @entity5 .

title: XXXX : a case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study compared the thermal responses of the finger to 0 and 8  C water immersion, two commonly used temperatures for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) research. On two separate and counterbalanced occasions 15 male and 15 female @entity0 immersed their index finger in 20  C water for 5 min followed by either 0 or 8  C water for 30 min. Skin temperature, cardiovascular and perceptual data were recorded. Secondary analyses were performed between sexes and comparing 0.5, 1 and 4  C @entity2 amplitude thresholds. With a 0.5  C threshold, @entity2 waves were more prevalent in 8  C (2 (1 - 3) than in 0  C (1.5 (0 - 3)), but the amplitude was lower (4.0    2.3 v 9.2    4.0  C). Mean, minimum and maximum finger temperatures were lower in 0  C during the 30 min immersion, and @entity2 onset and peak time occurred later in 0  C. Thermal sensation was lower and @entity1 sensation was higher in 0  C. There were no differences between males and females in any of the physiological or @entity2 data with the exception of @entity3 , which was higher in males. Females reported feeling higher thermal sensations in 8  C and lower @entity1 sensations in 0  C and 8  C compared to males. Fewer @entity2 responses were observed when using a 4  C (1 (0 - 3)) threshold to quantify a @entity2 wave compared to using a 1  C (2 (0 - 3)) or 0.5  C (2 (0 - 3)) amplitude. In conclusion, both 0 and 8   C can elicit @entity2 but 8  C may be more suitable when looking to optimise the number of @entity2 waves while minimising @entity0 discomfort. The @entity2 response to water immersion does not appear to be influenced by sex. Researchers should consider the amplitude threshold that was used to determine a @entity2 wave when interpreting previous data.

title: Cold-Induced Vasodilation during Single Digit Immersion in 0  C and 8  C Water in XXXX and @entity0 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study compared the thermal responses of the finger to 0 and 8  C water immersion, two commonly used temperatures for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) research. On two separate and counterbalanced occasions 15 male and 15 female @entity0 immersed their index finger in 20  C water for 5 min followed by either 0 or 8  C water for 30 min. Skin temperature, cardiovascular and perceptual data were recorded. Secondary analyses were performed between sexes and comparing 0.5, 1 and 4  C @entity2 amplitude thresholds. With a 0.5  C threshold, @entity2 waves were more prevalent in 8  C (2 (1 - 3) than in 0  C (1.5 (0 - 3)), but the amplitude was lower (4.0    2.3 v 9.2    4.0  C). Mean, minimum and maximum finger temperatures were lower in 0  C during the 30 min immersion, and @entity2 onset and peak time occurred later in 0  C. Thermal sensation was lower and @entity1 sensation was higher in 0  C. There were no differences between males and females in any of the physiological or @entity2 data with the exception of @entity3 , which was higher in males. Females reported feeling higher thermal sensations in 8  C and lower @entity1 sensations in 0  C and 8  C compared to males. Fewer @entity2 responses were observed when using a 4  C (1 (0 - 3)) threshold to quantify a @entity2 wave compared to using a 1  C (2 (0 - 3)) or 0.5  C (2 (0 - 3)) amplitude. In conclusion, both 0 and 8   C can elicit @entity2 but 8  C may be more suitable when looking to optimise the number of @entity2 waves while minimising @entity0 discomfort. The @entity2 response to water immersion does not appear to be influenced by sex. Researchers should consider the amplitude threshold that was used to determine a @entity2 wave when interpreting previous data.

title: Cold-Induced Vasodilation during Single Digit Immersion in 0  C and 8  C Water in @entity0 and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has strained global healthcare systems throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In addition to plaguing developing nations, it has re-emerged in several developed countries with recent outbreaks in the USA (CDC, 2010), Australia (Hanna et al., 2009), Taiwan (Kuan et al., 2010) and France (La Ruche et al., 2010). @entity1 infection can cause significant disease, including @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity4 , and @entity0 . There are no approved vaccines or antiviral therapies to prevent or treat dengue-related illnesses. However, the viral NS2B- @entity3 protease complex provides a strategic target for antiviral drug development since @entity3 protease activity is required for virus replication. Recently, we reported two compounds with inhibitory activity against the @entity1 protease in vitro and antiviral activity against dengue 2 (DEN2V) in cell culture (Tomlinson et al., 2009a). Analogs of one of the lead compounds were purchased, tested in protease inhibition assays, and the data evaluated with detailed kinetic analyses. A structure activity relationship (SAR) identified key atomic determinants (i.e. functional groups) important for inhibitory activity. Four "second series" analogs were selected and tested to validate our SAR and structural models. Here, we report improvements to inhibitory activity ranging between    2- and 60-fold, resulting in selective low micromolar dengue protease inhibitors.

title: Anthracene-based inhibitors of dengue virus NS2B- XXXX protease.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) stage 3 plus with bevacizumab is still very controversial. We report the outcome of 6 eyes of 4 premature @entity0 with @entity1 stage 3 plus disease treated with ranibizumab monotherapy. METHODS: Six eyes of 4 premature @entity0 with threshold @entity1 3 plus disease in zone II, were treated with one intravitreal injection of 0.03  ml ranibizumab. No prior laser or other intravitreal therapy was done. Fundus examination was performed prior to the intervention and at each follow-up visit. Changes in various mean vital parameters one week post intervention compared to one week pre-intervention were assessed. RESULTS: The gestational age (GA) of @entity0 1, 2, 3, and 4 at birth was 24 5/7, 24 5/7, 24 4/7, and 26 1/7  weeks, respectively. The birth weight was 500 grams, 450 grams, 665 grams, and 745 grams, respectively. The GA at the date of treatment ranged from 34 3/7 to 38 6/7  weeks. In one @entity0 , upper air way infection was observed 2  days post injection of the second eye. Three eyes required paracentesis to reduce the intraocular pressure after injection and to restore central artery perfusion. After six months, all eyes showed @entity2 without any signs of disease recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of @entity1 3 plus disease with intravitreal ranibizumab was effective in all cases and should be considered for treatment. One @entity0 developed an upper air way infection suspicious for @entity3 , which might be a possible side effect of ranibizumab. Another frequent complication was intraocular pressure rise after injection. More @entity0 with longer follow-up duration are mandatory to confirm the safety and efficacy of this treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02164604 ; Date of registration: 13.06.2014.

title: Intravitreal ranibizumab monotherapy to treat XXXX zone II, stage 3 with plus disease.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few larger studies have evaluated the long-term outcome after a diagnosis of @entity4 of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), demonstrating a broad range of recurrence and progression rates. Additionally, no study has addressed the outcome of PUNLMP exhibiting inverted growth. We evaluated the long term clinical outcome of primary @entity4 of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), including PUNLMP with inverted growth in a large single center study. METHODS: We evaluated 189 primary PUNLMP (177 exophytic, 12 inverted), diagnosed from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2009, in a centralized uropathology practice. We excluded PUNLMP diagnosed after a previous or with a concurrent @entity1 . Recurrence was defined as any subsequent @entity1 , regardless of the grade. Progression was defined as any subsequent higher-grade or invasive @entity1 . Recurrence and progression were established only if documented on a subsequent biopsy. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using Microsof Excel software package. RESULTS: The location of PUNLMP included @entity3 (1 each). After a median follow-up of 61  months (range, 9-128 months), 20.1% @entity0 developed a recurrence. Recurrence with PUNLMP only was found in 9% of @entity0 . Subsequent low-grade @entity2 was documented in 9.5% of @entity0 . Progression to high-grade @entity2 was found in 1.6% @entity0 (1% with @entity5 ). No @entity0 with recurrent PUNLMP or subsequent low-grade @entity2 demonstrated invasion. All @entity0 with PUNLMP exhibiting an inverted growth had no recurrence or progression on follow-up. CONCLUSION: In this study, primary PUNLMP recurred primarily either as PUNLMP or low grade @entity2 . Primary PUNLMP rarely progressed to high grade or @entity2 on long term follow-up. No recurrence or progression was documented on follow-up for PUNLMP that demonstrated exclusively inverted growth. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1332825572154074.

title: Long-term outcome of primary XXXX of Low Malignant Potential (PUNLMP) including PUNLMP with inverted growth.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 remains an important concern in the intensive care unit (ICU). An increasing body of evidence shows that mortality and morbidity can be reduced by implementing a range of preventive strategies, including optimizing oral hygiene. AIM: The aim of this feasibility study was to test two oral hygiene strategies on the effects of microbial colonization of @entity2 with respiratory pathogens (primary outcome) and incidence of @entity3 (secondary outcome). METHODS: A single blind randomised comparative study was conducted in a 20-bed adult intensive care unit in a university hospital. @entity0 with an expected duration of mechanical ventilation more than 48 h were eligible. @entity0 were randomised to one of three study regimens (Group A control, second hourly oral rinse with sterile water, Group B sodium bicarbonate mouth wash second hourly, and Group C twice daily irrigations with chlorhexidine 0.2% aqueous oral rinse and second hourly irrigations with sterile water). All study options included cleaning with a toothbrush and non foaming toothpaste. RESULTS: Data from a total of 109 @entity0 were analyzed. Group A 43, Group B 33 and Group C 33 (mean age: 58    17 years, simplified acute physiology score II: 44    14 points). On admission no significant differences were found between groups for all clinical data. While Group B showed a greater trend to reduction in bacterial colonization no significant differences could be demonstrated at Day 4 of admission (p=0.302). The incidence of @entity3 was evenly spread between Groups B and C (5%) while Group A was only 1%. CONCLUSIONS: While a number of studies have advocated the use of @entity1 rinses in reducing colonization of @entity2 a standardized oral hygiene protocol which includes the use of mechanical cleaning with a toothbrush may be a factor in the reduction of colonization of @entity2 with respiratory pathogens. This feasibility study provides data to inform future adequately powered studies.

title: Effects of three approaches to standardized oral hygiene to reduce bacterial colonization and XXXX in mechanically ventilated @entity0 : a randomised control trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 remains an important concern in the intensive care unit (ICU). An increasing body of evidence shows that mortality and morbidity can be reduced by implementing a range of preventive strategies, including optimizing oral hygiene. AIM: The aim of this feasibility study was to test two oral hygiene strategies on the effects of microbial colonization of @entity2 with respiratory pathogens (primary outcome) and incidence of @entity3 (secondary outcome). METHODS: A single blind randomised comparative study was conducted in a 20-bed adult intensive care unit in a university hospital. @entity0 with an expected duration of mechanical ventilation more than 48 h were eligible. @entity0 were randomised to one of three study regimens (Group A control, second hourly oral rinse with sterile water, Group B sodium bicarbonate mouth wash second hourly, and Group C twice daily irrigations with chlorhexidine 0.2% aqueous oral rinse and second hourly irrigations with sterile water). All study options included cleaning with a toothbrush and non foaming toothpaste. RESULTS: Data from a total of 109 @entity0 were analyzed. Group A 43, Group B 33 and Group C 33 (mean age: 58    17 years, simplified acute physiology score II: 44    14 points). On admission no significant differences were found between groups for all clinical data. While Group B showed a greater trend to reduction in bacterial colonization no significant differences could be demonstrated at Day 4 of admission (p=0.302). The incidence of @entity3 was evenly spread between Groups B and C (5%) while Group A was only 1%. CONCLUSIONS: While a number of studies have advocated the use of @entity1 rinses in reducing colonization of @entity2 a standardized oral hygiene protocol which includes the use of mechanical cleaning with a toothbrush may be a factor in the reduction of colonization of @entity2 with respiratory pathogens. This feasibility study provides data to inform future adequately powered studies.

title: Effects of three approaches to standardized oral hygiene to reduce bacterial colonization and @entity3 in mechanically ventilated XXXX : a randomised control trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Many randomised studies have now well established the role of radiotherapy (RT) in @entity1 : it decreases the rate of local relapse and improves survival for stage II and III. The benefit of RT remains even in case of total mesorectum excision. Preoperative strategy has a better tolerance and is more efficient than post-operative RT. Two schedules have been widely used: an hypofractionated (5   5 Gy) and a normofractionated (45-50 Gy by fractions of 1.8-2 Gy) schedule. Both have advantages and drawbacks. @entity0 with locally advanced @entity1 or @entity1 must benefit from a protracted schedule, which increases down staging and the number of sphincter-preserving surgery. Combined chemoradiotherapy with 5FU or @entity2 enhances local control without a clear benefit in overall survival or disease-free survival. Adjunction of @entity3 does not improve the pathological response rate significantly. Results with cetuximab are still disappointing. Bevacizumab seems to increase widely the radiation response, but more data are needed to confirm these preliminary results. With this modern approach, the rate of local relapse is lower than 10%; the main issue is now the occurrence of distant relapses in 25-30% of the @entity0 . Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) seems the better way to address this issue, because post-operative CT could be done properly in only 50% of the @entity0 . Large prospective trials using neo-adjuvant CT with or without targeted therapies must be designed taking distant relapses and overall survival as main end-points.

title: Adjuvant radiotherapy for XXXX : recent results, new questions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Superobesity, through organomegaly, excessive @entity3 , and associated severe co-morbidities, is a recognized risk factor for bariatric surgery. Our study examined the utility of preoperative @entity2 with a liquid @entity1 ( @entity1 ) as a method of risk reduction. METHODS: All @entity0 with a body mass index (BMI) >50 kg/m(2) were instructed to consume a @entity1 (800 kcal/d) with the goal of losing >= 10% of their body weight. The co-morbidities were monitored. The abdominal wall depth and cross-sectional areas of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) at 12 and 20 cm below the costal margin, @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and liver volume were measured, using computed tomography, at baseline and after completion of the @entity1 . Laparoscopic gastric bypass was performed in all @entity0 . RESULTS: The study included 30 @entity0 (27 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 ) with a mean age of 53 years (range 34-53). The mean BMI was reduced from 56 kg/m(2) (range 50-69) at baseline to 49 kg/m(2) (range 43-60) after an average of 9 weeks of the @entity1 . The @entity3 decreased from a mean of 388 cm(2) to 342 cm(2). The abdominal wall depth decreased from 3.6 to 3.2 cm at 12 cm below the costal margin and from 3.7 to 3.4 cm at 20 cm. The mean @entity3 at both 12 and 20 cm below the costal margin had decreased from 577 cm(2) and 687 cm(2) to 509 cm(2) and 614 cm(2), respectively. The liver volume was reduced by 18%. All co-morbidities were well controlled at @entity1 completion. No @entity0 died, and 2 minor complications occurred postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The results of our study have shown that preoperative @entity1 is a safe and effective tool leading to a significant decrease in liver volume and abdominal wall depth, as well as a reduction in both @entity3 and @entity3 . Its use might contribute to improved short-term surgical outcomes in high-risk superobese @entity0 .

title: Preoperative XXXX in high-risk superobese bariatric @entity0 : a computed tomography-based analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Superobesity, through organomegaly, excessive @entity3 , and associated severe co-morbidities, is a recognized risk factor for bariatric surgery. Our study examined the utility of preoperative @entity2 with a liquid @entity1 ( @entity1 ) as a method of risk reduction. METHODS: All @entity0 with a body mass index (BMI) >50 kg/m(2) were instructed to consume a @entity1 (800 kcal/d) with the goal of losing >= 10% of their body weight. The co-morbidities were monitored. The abdominal wall depth and cross-sectional areas of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) at 12 and 20 cm below the costal margin, @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and liver volume were measured, using computed tomography, at baseline and after completion of the @entity1 . Laparoscopic gastric bypass was performed in all @entity0 . RESULTS: The study included 30 @entity0 (27 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 ) with a mean age of 53 years (range 34-53). The mean BMI was reduced from 56 kg/m(2) (range 50-69) at baseline to 49 kg/m(2) (range 43-60) after an average of 9 weeks of the @entity1 . The @entity3 decreased from a mean of 388 cm(2) to 342 cm(2). The abdominal wall depth decreased from 3.6 to 3.2 cm at 12 cm below the costal margin and from 3.7 to 3.4 cm at 20 cm. The mean @entity3 at both 12 and 20 cm below the costal margin had decreased from 577 cm(2) and 687 cm(2) to 509 cm(2) and 614 cm(2), respectively. The liver volume was reduced by 18%. All co-morbidities were well controlled at @entity1 completion. No @entity0 died, and 2 minor complications occurred postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The results of our study have shown that preoperative @entity1 is a safe and effective tool leading to a significant decrease in liver volume and abdominal wall depth, as well as a reduction in both @entity3 and @entity3 . Its use might contribute to improved short-term surgical outcomes in high-risk superobese @entity0 .

title: Preoperative @entity2 in high-risk superobese bariatric XXXX : a computed tomography-based analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality, and anticoagulation remains the cornerstone of prevention and treatment of these disorders. Although effective, the well-established agents have significant drawbacks. Heparin, low molecular weight heparin, and fondaparinux must be given parenterally, which is inconvenient for long-term or home use. The orally administered @entity5 antagonists (such as @entity4 ) have a slow onset of action, thus requiring bridging therapy with a parenteral agent when immediate anticoagulation is needed (e.g. inpatients with acute @entity3 ). Because @entity5 antagonists produce a variable anticoagulant response as a result of multiple drug-drug and food-drug interactions and genetic polymorphisms, frequent coagulation monitoring and dose adjustment are required to ensure a therapeutic level of anticoagulation, which is inconvenient for both @entity0 and physicians. In the search for new agents to overcome the drawbacks associated with traditional agents, direct @entity8 inhibitors (e.g. @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity9 ) and direct @entity1 inhibitors (e.g. @entity10 ) have been developed and are undergoing late-stage clinical evaluation for the prevention and treatment of @entity2 . These new oral agents have already shown promise in large-scale clinical studies and data suggest that we have entered a new era with novel drugs that are closer than ever to the 'ideal anticoagulant'. Because these new oral agents have a rapid onset of action and can be given at fixed doses without the need for routine coagulation monitoring, they may simplify treatment paradigms and are expected to improve overall clinical outcome.

title: The potential role of new oral anticoagulants in the prevention and treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the factors affecting the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of metastatic lymph nodes in different histological types of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT). METHODS: This was a retrospective, single-institution review of 122 @entity0 with pathologically proven @entity5 who had PET-CT scanning at the same center. Lymph node @entity1 were pathologically confirmed in tissue specimens from surgical @entity0 . Statistical evaluation of PET-CT results was performed on a per-nodal-station basis. RESULTS: The @entity2 SUVmax of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) (11.0        4.1) was higher than that of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) (7.4        4.4) (P   <   0.01), however, the SUVmax of the metastatic lymph nodes did not differ between the @entity4 (4.6        3.1) and @entity3 groups(3.6        2.5) (P   =   0.221). The SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes was positively correlated with lymph node size but not with the @entity2 SUVmax, @entity2 size, @entity2 location and @entity2 differentiation. The frequency of a SUVmax of lymph nodes >= 2.5 was 44%, 80%,100% in @entity4 group and 39%, 59%, 90% in @entity3 group when the short-axis diameter of metastatic lymph node was <10  mm, 10-15  mm, and   >   15  mm, respectively. The low sensitivity for metastatic lymph nodes on PET-CT was increased when the SUVmax cut-off for @entity2 was considered to be above the normal background compared with that when the SUVmax cut-off was above 2.5. CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in the SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes in the @entity4 and @entity3 groups. The SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes was positively correlated with metastatic lymph node size. There was a high false negative rate if lymph nodes with a short-axis diameter less than 10  mm and a extremely low false negative rate if lymph nodes with a short-axis diameter higher than 15  mm. Although an increased sensitivity may be achieved by decreasing the SUVmax cut-off, invasive staging may still be required for negative lymph nodes due to the lower sensitivity of PET-CT in both @entity4 and @entity3 .

title: Evaluation of the factors affecting the maximum standardized uptake value of metastatic lymph nodes in different histological types of XXXX on PET-CT.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory markers vary considerably over time in haemodialysis (HD) @entity0 , yet the variability is poorly defined. The aim of the study was to assess changes of plasma levels of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), albumin and homocysteine (Hcy) over 3 months and the association between the changes in these biomarkers and mortality. METHODS: In 188 prevalent HD @entity0 , inflammatory markers were measured at inclusion and after 3 months. Mortality was recorded during a median follow-up of 41 months. The changes of the biomarker levels were categorized according to change in tertile for the specific biomarker. The variation was calculated as the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Mortality was analysed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model. The predictive strength was calculated for single measurements and for the variation of each inflammatory marker. RESULTS: The intra-individual variation (low @entity2 ) was largest for @entity3 [ @entity2 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33-0.55], albumin ( @entity2 0.58; 95% CI: 0.49-0.67) and @entity1 ( @entity2 0.59; 95% CI: 0.51-0.68) and lowest for Hcy ( @entity2 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77-0.86). During follow-up, 88 @entity0 died. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 measurements are less stable and show higher variation within @entity0 than @entity1 , albumin and Hcy. Persistently elevated @entity3 levels are associated with high mortality. Moreover, in multivariate logistic regression we found that stable high @entity3 adds to the mortality risk, even after inclusion of clinical factors and the three other biomarkers. The associations of decreasing albumin levels as well as low Hcy levels with worse outcome reflect protein-energy wasting.

title: Three-month variation of plasma @entity3 compared with XXXX , albumin and homocysteine levels in haemodialysis @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory markers vary considerably over time in haemodialysis (HD) @entity0 , yet the variability is poorly defined. The aim of the study was to assess changes of plasma levels of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), albumin and homocysteine (Hcy) over 3 months and the association between the changes in these biomarkers and mortality. METHODS: In 188 prevalent HD @entity0 , inflammatory markers were measured at inclusion and after 3 months. Mortality was recorded during a median follow-up of 41 months. The changes of the biomarker levels were categorized according to change in tertile for the specific biomarker. The variation was calculated as the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Mortality was analysed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model. The predictive strength was calculated for single measurements and for the variation of each inflammatory marker. RESULTS: The intra-individual variation (low @entity2 ) was largest for @entity3 [ @entity2 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33-0.55], albumin ( @entity2 0.58; 95% CI: 0.49-0.67) and @entity1 ( @entity2 0.59; 95% CI: 0.51-0.68) and lowest for Hcy ( @entity2 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77-0.86). During follow-up, 88 @entity0 died. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 measurements are less stable and show higher variation within @entity0 than @entity1 , albumin and Hcy. Persistently elevated @entity3 levels are associated with high mortality. Moreover, in multivariate logistic regression we found that stable high @entity3 adds to the mortality risk, even after inclusion of clinical factors and the three other biomarkers. The associations of decreasing albumin levels as well as low Hcy levels with worse outcome reflect protein-energy wasting.

title: Three-month variation of plasma XXXX compared with @entity1 , albumin and homocysteine levels in haemodialysis @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inflammatory markers vary considerably over time in haemodialysis (HD) @entity0 , yet the variability is poorly defined. The aim of the study was to assess changes of plasma levels of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), albumin and homocysteine (Hcy) over 3 months and the association between the changes in these biomarkers and mortality. METHODS: In 188 prevalent HD @entity0 , inflammatory markers were measured at inclusion and after 3 months. Mortality was recorded during a median follow-up of 41 months. The changes of the biomarker levels were categorized according to change in tertile for the specific biomarker. The variation was calculated as the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Mortality was analysed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model. The predictive strength was calculated for single measurements and for the variation of each inflammatory marker. RESULTS: The intra-individual variation (low @entity2 ) was largest for @entity3 [ @entity2 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33-0.55], albumin ( @entity2 0.58; 95% CI: 0.49-0.67) and @entity1 ( @entity2 0.59; 95% CI: 0.51-0.68) and lowest for Hcy ( @entity2 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77-0.86). During follow-up, 88 @entity0 died. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 measurements are less stable and show higher variation within @entity0 than @entity1 , albumin and Hcy. Persistently elevated @entity3 levels are associated with high mortality. Moreover, in multivariate logistic regression we found that stable high @entity3 adds to the mortality risk, even after inclusion of clinical factors and the three other biomarkers. The associations of decreasing albumin levels as well as low Hcy levels with worse outcome reflect protein-energy wasting.

title: Three-month variation of plasma @entity3 compared with @entity1 , albumin and homocysteine levels in haemodialysis XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: At the present time, specific imaging and treatment of central nervous system @entity1 is not possible. The development of monoclonal hybridoma technology may provide the solution to this problem. We have utilized @entity0 glioma-derived cell lines (HGCL) transplanted subcutaneously and intracranially into athymic @entity2 and @entity3 to evaluate the imaging and localizing properties of a panel of MAbs. MAbs 81C6, C12, and D12 and 81C6 @entity4 have shown significant in vivo localization against HGCL D-54 MG and 81C6 against U-251 MG when compared to equivalent non-specific MAbs. In subcutaneous D-54 MG-induced xenografts, maximal @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of up to 15.0 for 81C6, 6.8 for 81C6 @entity4 , 6.48 for C12, and 4.47 for D12 have been seen. The @entity1 -tissue ratios for normal brain have ranged from 235 for 81C6 to 167 for D12. The total percent injected dose for 81C6 was nearly 5% in U-251 @entity1 and 10% of the initial dose in D-54 @entity1 , while the percent injected dose for control MAb were 1.9% and 2.8%, respectively. Four subcutaneously growing U-251 @entity1 were clearly imaged using 131I-81C6. With intracranially growing D-54 MG, 131I-81C6 provided external imaging of @entity1 at sizes as small as 20 mg while 131I-45.6, a non-specific MAb, provided imaging only when @entity1 achieved sizes greater than 300 mg. These data indicate that operationally specific MAbs and MAb @entity4 can specifically localize and be used to image @entity0 @entity1 transplanted into immunocompromised animals. The animal models described in this paper provide a sensitive method of evaluating MAbs in pre- @entity0 trials.

title: Specific imaging of XXXX brain tumor xenografts utilizing radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recurrent @entity1 (rFSGS) in renal transplant recipients (RTR) is difficult to predict and treat. Early rFSGS is likely from circulating factors and preformed antibodies. METHODS: We present the case of a 23-year-old white @entity0 who presented with rFSGS and @entity4 , requiring dialysis 9-months after a 1-haplotype matched living-related transplant. We retrospectively analyzed serum samples from various clinical stages for rFSGS biomarkers: serum glomerular albumin permeability (Palb), soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) serum level with suPAR-b3 integrin signaling on @entity0 podocytes, and angiotensin II type I receptor-antibody ( @entity8 -Ab) titer. RESULTS: All biomarkers were abnormal at 1-year pre-transplant prior to initiation of dialysis and at the time of transplant. After initiation of hemodialysis, b3 integrin activity on @entity0 podocytes, in response to patient serum, as well as @entity8 -Ab were further elevated. At the time of biopsy-proven recurrence, all biomarkers were abnormally high. One week after therapy with aborted plasmapheresis (secondary to intolerance), and high dose @entity2 , the Palb and suPAR-b3 integrin activity remained significantly positive. After 12-weeks of treatment with high-dose @entity2 , rituximab, and @entity6 , the @entity0 remained hemodialysis-dependent. Three-months after his initial presentation, we commenced @entity7 (ACTH, Acthar(  ) Gel), 80 units subcutaneously twice weekly. Four-weeks later, he was able to discontinue dialysis. After 8-months of maintenance ACTH therapy, his serum @entity5 stabilized at 1.79   mg/dL with <1   g of @entity3 . CONCLUSION: ACTH therapy was associated with improvement in renal function within 4   weeks. The use of rFSGS biomarkers may aid in predicting development of rFSGS.

title: A case report of @entity7 to treat recurrent XXXX post-transplantation and biomarker monitoring.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recurrent @entity1 (rFSGS) in renal transplant recipients (RTR) is difficult to predict and treat. Early rFSGS is likely from circulating factors and preformed antibodies. METHODS: We present the case of a 23-year-old white @entity0 who presented with rFSGS and @entity4 , requiring dialysis 9-months after a 1-haplotype matched living-related transplant. We retrospectively analyzed serum samples from various clinical stages for rFSGS biomarkers: serum glomerular albumin permeability (Palb), soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) serum level with suPAR-b3 integrin signaling on @entity0 podocytes, and angiotensin II type I receptor-antibody ( @entity8 -Ab) titer. RESULTS: All biomarkers were abnormal at 1-year pre-transplant prior to initiation of dialysis and at the time of transplant. After initiation of hemodialysis, b3 integrin activity on @entity0 podocytes, in response to patient serum, as well as @entity8 -Ab were further elevated. At the time of biopsy-proven recurrence, all biomarkers were abnormally high. One week after therapy with aborted plasmapheresis (secondary to intolerance), and high dose @entity2 , the Palb and suPAR-b3 integrin activity remained significantly positive. After 12-weeks of treatment with high-dose @entity2 , rituximab, and @entity6 , the @entity0 remained hemodialysis-dependent. Three-months after his initial presentation, we commenced @entity7 (ACTH, Acthar(  ) Gel), 80 units subcutaneously twice weekly. Four-weeks later, he was able to discontinue dialysis. After 8-months of maintenance ACTH therapy, his serum @entity5 stabilized at 1.79   mg/dL with <1   g of @entity3 . CONCLUSION: ACTH therapy was associated with improvement in renal function within 4   weeks. The use of rFSGS biomarkers may aid in predicting development of rFSGS.

title: A case report of XXXX to treat recurrent @entity1 post-transplantation and biomarker monitoring.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: It is the aim of the certification system for Organ Cancer Centers of the German Cancer Society to ensure that oncology @entity0 receive therapy meeting high quality standards. @entity1 @entity0 require comprehensive palliative care due to their high symptom load. The purpose of the present study was to identify the existing palliative care structures at 39 certified @entity1 centers. Methods: The survey tool used was an 18-question questionnaire sent by surface mail to the respective centers. Results: A total of 30 centers took part in the survey. A physician with the additional qualification 'palliative care' was employed at 21 of the centers, a certified palliative care nurse worked at 24 centers. A palliative care unit was available at 9 centers. The cited obstacles to the delivery of palliative care included a shortage of qualified palliative care staff, a lack of refinancing, and the concern that the suggestion of palliative care might cause negative emotions in the respective @entity0 . Conclusions: Certified @entity1 centers had a wide range of palliative care structures. Openness to and interest in extending existing palliative care services were most commonly identified. A number of serious obstacles in achieving this goal were nevertheless cited.

title: [Availability and Integration of Palliative Medicine at Certified XXXX Centers].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A new paradigm in the treatment of @entity1 and @entity2 is developing. The global @entity1 epidemic continues to expand despite the availability of diet and lifestyle counseling, pharmacologic therapy, and weight loss surgery. Endoscopic procedures have the potential to bridge the gap between medical therapy and surgery. Current primary endoscopic bariatric therapies can be classified as restrictive, bypass, space-occupying, or @entity4 therapy. Restrictive procedures include the USGI Primary Obesity Surgery Endolumenal procedure, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty using Apollo OverStitch, TransOral GAstroplasty, gastric volume reduction using the ACE stapler, and insertion of the TERIS restrictive device. Intestinal bypass has been reported using the EndoBarrier duodenal-jejunal bypass liner. A number of space-occupying devices have been studied or are in use, including @entity3 (Orbera, Reshape Duo, Heliosphere BAG, Obalon), Transpyloric Shuttle, and SatiSphere. The AspireAssist @entity4 system has demonstrated efficacy. Finally, endoscopic revision of gastric bypass to address weight regain has been studied using Apollo OverStitch, the USGI Incisionless Operating Platform Revision Obesity Surgery Endolumenal procedure, Stomaphyx, and endoscopic sclerotherapy. Endoscopic therapies for weight loss are potentially reversible, repeatable, less invasive, and lower cost than various medical and surgical alternatives. Given the variety of devices under development, in clinical trials, and currently in use, @entity0 will have multiple endoscopic options with greater efficacy than medical therapy, and with lower invasiveness and greater accessibility than surgery.

title: Endoscopic therapy for weight loss: Gastroplasty, duodenal sleeves, XXXX , and @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A new paradigm in the treatment of @entity1 and @entity2 is developing. The global @entity1 epidemic continues to expand despite the availability of diet and lifestyle counseling, pharmacologic therapy, and weight loss surgery. Endoscopic procedures have the potential to bridge the gap between medical therapy and surgery. Current primary endoscopic bariatric therapies can be classified as restrictive, bypass, space-occupying, or @entity4 therapy. Restrictive procedures include the USGI Primary Obesity Surgery Endolumenal procedure, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty using Apollo OverStitch, TransOral GAstroplasty, gastric volume reduction using the ACE stapler, and insertion of the TERIS restrictive device. Intestinal bypass has been reported using the EndoBarrier duodenal-jejunal bypass liner. A number of space-occupying devices have been studied or are in use, including @entity3 (Orbera, Reshape Duo, Heliosphere BAG, Obalon), Transpyloric Shuttle, and SatiSphere. The AspireAssist @entity4 system has demonstrated efficacy. Finally, endoscopic revision of gastric bypass to address weight regain has been studied using Apollo OverStitch, the USGI Incisionless Operating Platform Revision Obesity Surgery Endolumenal procedure, Stomaphyx, and endoscopic sclerotherapy. Endoscopic therapies for weight loss are potentially reversible, repeatable, less invasive, and lower cost than various medical and surgical alternatives. Given the variety of devices under development, in clinical trials, and currently in use, @entity0 will have multiple endoscopic options with greater efficacy than medical therapy, and with lower invasiveness and greater accessibility than surgery.

title: Endoscopic therapy for weight loss: Gastroplasty, duodenal sleeves, @entity3 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-step endoscopic placement of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) for treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: A retrospective study was performed among 90 @entity0 who underwent transpapillary biliary metallic stent placement for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) between April 2005 and October 2012. The diagnosis of @entity2 and @entity1 was based on abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with brush cytology, biopsy, and/or a combination of these modalities. The type of @entity4 (covered or non-covered, 8 mm or 10 mm in diameter) was determined by the endoscopist. Ninety @entity0 were divided into two groups: group 1 (49 @entity0 ) who underwent a single-step @entity4 placement and group 2 (41 @entity0 ) who underwent a two-step @entity4 placement. The technical success rate, complication rate, stent patency, and @entity0 survival rate were compared between the groups. In addition, to identify the clinical prognostic factors associated with @entity0 survival, the following variables were evaluated in Cox-regression analysis: gender, age, etiology of @entity1 ( @entity3 ), clinical stage (IVb; with distant metastases or IVa >; without distant metastases), chemotherapy (with or without), patency of the stent, and the use of single-step or two-step @entity4 . RESULTS: Immediate technical success was achieved in 93.9% (46/49) in group 1 and in 95.1% (39/41) in group 2, with no significant difference (P = 1.0). Similarly, there was no difference in the complication rates between the groups (group 1, 4.1% and group 2, 4.9%; P = 0.62). Stent failure was observed in 10 cases in group 1 (20.4%) and in 16 cases in group 2 (39.0%). The patency of stent and @entity0 survival revealed no difference between the two groups with Kaplan-Meier analysis, with a mean patency of 111    17 d in group 1 and 137    19 d in group 2 (P = 0.91), and a mean survival of 178    35 d in group 1 and 222    23 d in group 2 (P = 0.57). On the contrary, the number of days of hospitalization associated with first-time @entity4 placement in group 1 was shorter when compared with that number in group 2 (28 vs 39 d; P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that a clinical stage of IVa > (P = 0.0055), chemotherapy (P = 0.0048), and no patency of the stent (P = 0.011) were independent prognostic factors associated with @entity0 survival. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that single-step endoscopic metal stent placement was safe and effective for treating @entity5 secondary to various inoperable @entity1 .

title: Comparison of endoscopic stenting for XXXX : A single-center study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Filariasis presenting with @entity5 with tamponade is rare. We report a case of a 30-year-old female who was admitted with severe @entity3 and @entity1 since 2 days. Echocardiogram showed massive @entity5 with tamponade. Pericardial fluid aspiration drained 1.2 L of hemorrhagic fluid. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity9 . She was treated with @entity8 and discharged. Six weeks later, she presented again with massive @entity5 with @entity4 . Pericardiocentesis was done. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity9 . This time she was treated with @entity6 and @entity7 and cured. Hemorrhagic @entity2 resolved completely. Though relatively uncommon, @entity0 must always be considered in the etiological diagnosis of recurrent @entity5 .

title: Recurrent Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion and Tamponade due to Filariasis Successfully Treated with @entity6 and XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Filariasis presenting with @entity5 with tamponade is rare. We report a case of a 30-year-old female who was admitted with severe @entity3 and @entity1 since 2 days. Echocardiogram showed massive @entity5 with tamponade. Pericardial fluid aspiration drained 1.2 L of hemorrhagic fluid. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity9 . She was treated with @entity8 and discharged. Six weeks later, she presented again with massive @entity5 with @entity4 . Pericardiocentesis was done. Cytology examination revealed microfilaria of @entity9 . This time she was treated with @entity6 and @entity7 and cured. Hemorrhagic @entity2 resolved completely. Though relatively uncommon, @entity0 must always be considered in the etiological diagnosis of recurrent @entity5 .

title: Recurrent Hemorrhagic Pericardial Effusion and Tamponade due to Filariasis Successfully Treated with XXXX and @entity7 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity1 may be generated by the effect of @entity2 on pelvic floor structures, and treatment with arthroscopy may improve @entity3 . We also sought to identify characteristics of @entity0 whose @entity3 improved after arthroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity2 underwent physical therapy, and, if hip symptoms did not improve, arthroscopy. Three to 5 years postoperatively, follow-up of outcomes after arthroscopy on @entity3 was performed using chart review and @entity0 questionnaire. Clinical characteristics and @entity1 scores describing @entity0 with and without @entity3 improvement were assessed. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity0 with generalized unprovoked @entity3 (GUV) or clitorodynia underwent arthroscopy for @entity2 . Six @entity0 , all younger than 30 years, experienced lasting improvement in @entity3 . Twenty @entity0 , with an older mean age, longer mean @entity3 duration, and mainly severe @entity1 scores, did not experience @entity1 improvement after arthroscopy. CONCLUSION: This case series describes improved @entity3 outcomes after arthroscopy for @entity2 in @entity0 younger than 30 years. @entity0 with @entity1 and coexisting @entity2 had GUV and clitorodynia.

title: @entity3 and Concomitant XXXX : Long-Term Follow-up After Hip Arthroscopy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity1 may be generated by the effect of @entity2 on pelvic floor structures, and treatment with arthroscopy may improve @entity3 . We also sought to identify characteristics of @entity0 whose @entity3 improved after arthroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series of @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity2 underwent physical therapy, and, if hip symptoms did not improve, arthroscopy. Three to 5 years postoperatively, follow-up of outcomes after arthroscopy on @entity3 was performed using chart review and @entity0 questionnaire. Clinical characteristics and @entity1 scores describing @entity0 with and without @entity3 improvement were assessed. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity0 with generalized unprovoked @entity3 (GUV) or clitorodynia underwent arthroscopy for @entity2 . Six @entity0 , all younger than 30 years, experienced lasting improvement in @entity3 . Twenty @entity0 , with an older mean age, longer mean @entity3 duration, and mainly severe @entity1 scores, did not experience @entity1 improvement after arthroscopy. CONCLUSION: This case series describes improved @entity3 outcomes after arthroscopy for @entity2 in @entity0 younger than 30 years. @entity0 with @entity1 and coexisting @entity2 had GUV and clitorodynia.

title: XXXX and Concomitant @entity2 : Long-Term Follow-up After Hip Arthroscopy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Creation of a VX2 @entity0 model has traditionally required a laparotomy and surgical implantation of @entity0 fragments. Open surgical procedures are invasive and require long procedure times and recovery that can result in post-operative morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to report the results of a percutaneous ultrasound guided method for creation of a VX2 model in @entity1 livers. A total of 27 New Zealand white @entity1 underwent a percutaneous ultrasound guided approach, where a VX2 @entity0 fragment was implanted in the liver. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess for @entity0 growth and necropsy was performed to determine rates of tract seeding and metastatic disease. Ultrasound guided @entity0 implantation was successful in all 27 @entity1 . One @entity1 died 2 days following the implantation procedure. Two @entity1 had no @entity0 seen on follow-up imaging. Therefore, @entity0 development was seen in 24/26 (92%) @entity1 . During the follow-up period, tract seeding was seen in 8% of @entity1 and 38% had extra-hepatic metastatic disease. Therefore, percutaneous ultrasound guided @entity0 implantation safely provides reliable @entity0 growth for @entity2 in a @entity1 model with decreased rates of tract seeding, compared to previously reported methods.

title: Percutaneous ultrasound guided implantation of VX2 for creation of a @entity1 XXXX model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Creation of a VX2 @entity0 model has traditionally required a laparotomy and surgical implantation of @entity0 fragments. Open surgical procedures are invasive and require long procedure times and recovery that can result in post-operative morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study is to report the results of a percutaneous ultrasound guided method for creation of a VX2 model in @entity1 livers. A total of 27 New Zealand white @entity1 underwent a percutaneous ultrasound guided approach, where a VX2 @entity0 fragment was implanted in the liver. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess for @entity0 growth and necropsy was performed to determine rates of tract seeding and metastatic disease. Ultrasound guided @entity0 implantation was successful in all 27 @entity1 . One @entity1 died 2 days following the implantation procedure. Two @entity1 had no @entity0 seen on follow-up imaging. Therefore, @entity0 development was seen in 24/26 (92%) @entity1 . During the follow-up period, tract seeding was seen in 8% of @entity1 and 38% had extra-hepatic metastatic disease. Therefore, percutaneous ultrasound guided @entity0 implantation safely provides reliable @entity0 growth for @entity2 in a @entity1 model with decreased rates of tract seeding, compared to previously reported methods.

title: Percutaneous ultrasound guided implantation of VX2 for creation of a XXXX @entity2 model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of plasma and interstitial fluid play important roles in transvascular fluid exchange. @entity1 values for monitoring fluid balance in healthy and sick @entity0 have not been established. This study set out to determine reference values of @entity1 in healthy @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 in plasma and interstitial fluid harvested from nylon wicks was measured in 99 healthy @entity0 from 2 to 10 years of age. Nylon wicks were implanted subcutaneously in arm and leg while @entity0 were sedated and intubated during a minor surgical procedure. @entity1 was analyzed in a colloid osmometer designed for small fluid samples. RESULTS: The mean plasma @entity1 in all @entity0 was 25.6    3.3 mmHg. Arbitrary division of @entity0 in four different age groups, showed no significant difference in plasma or interstitial fluid @entity1 values for @entity0 less than 8 years, whereas @entity0 of 8-10 years had significant higher @entity1 both in plasma and interstitial fluid. There were no gender difference or correlation between @entity1 in interstitial fluid sampled from arm and leg and no significant effect on interstitial @entity1 of gravity. Prolonged implantation time did not affect interstitial @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Plasma and interstitial @entity1 in healthy @entity0 are comparable to adults and @entity1 seems to increase with age in @entity0 . Knowledge of the interaction between colloid osmotic forces can be helpful in diseases associated with fluid imbalance and may be crucial in deciding different fluid treatment options. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01044641.

title: Interstitial Fluid Colloid Osmotic Pressure in Healthy XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the bowel habits and toilet training of developmentally normal @entity0 ages 5 to 8 years in rural and urban areas of the province of Sindh, Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted at households of rural (District Khairpur) and urban (Karachi) areas of Sindh, Pakistan, which enrolled 1000 @entity0 between 5 and 8 years of age, (half from rural and half from urban areas). A questionnaire regarding age, ethnicity, and sex was completed by two separate investigators from each setting. Recall information was elicited about bowel habits for the previous 2 weeks and the frequency and quality of stools, size of stools, and dietary habit for the previous 24 hours. A @entity1 score that was based on modified Rome III criteria was developed for each @entity0 . RESULTS: Functional @entity1 was reported 1.6 times more in the rural than the urban population (P < .001). Toilet training was initiated and completed earlier in the urban (18.6    6.8 and 46    12.5 months) than the rural @entity0 (28.6    6.1 and 56.5    6.7 months) (P < .001). The daily calorie, macronutrient, fiber, and water intake was higher in the urban population (P < .001). Functional @entity1 was significantly (P = .016) negatively correlated (r = -0.076) with the fiber intake. CONCLUSIONS: Functional @entity1 was found more frequently in the rural area. Toilet training was initiated and completed significantly earlier in the urban population.

title: Bowel habits and toilet training in rural and urban dwelling XXXX in a developing country.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose - Measuring dental clinic service quality is the first and most important factor in improving care. The quality provided plays an important role in @entity0 satisfaction. The purpose of this paper is to identify factors affecting @entity2 from the @entity0 ' viewpoint. Design/methodology/approach - This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in a dental clinic in Tehran between January and June 2014. A sample of 385 @entity0 was selected from two work shifts using stratified sampling proportional to size and simple random sampling methods. The data were collected, a self-administered questionnaire designed for the purpose of the study, based on the Parasuraman and Zeithaml's model of service quality which consisted of two parts: the @entity0 ' demographic characteristics and a 30-item questionnaire to measure the five dimensions of the service quality. The collected data were analysed using SPSS 21.0 and Amos 18.0 through some descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, as well as analytical methods, including confirmatory factor. Findings - Results showed that the correlation coefficients for all dimensions were higher than 0.5. In this model, assurance (regression weight=0.99) and tangibility (regression weight=0.86) had, respectively, the highest and lowest effects on @entity2 . Practical implications - The Parasuraman and Zeithaml's model is suitable to measure quality in dental services. The variables related to dental services quality have been made according to the model. Originality/value - This is a pioneering study that uses Parasuraman and Zeithaml's model and @entity1 in a dental setting. This study provides useful insights and guidance for @entity2 assurance.

title: Factors affecting XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is a rich source of antioxidants. All parts of the plant are medicinally important and have been used as traditional medicine for a variety of @entity0 ailments in India. OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic efficacy of adjuvants with M. oleifera (MO) root extract was investigated against beryllium-induced oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hydroalcoholic (50% v/v) root extract of M. oleifera (150   mg/kg, p.o.) alone and combinations of M. oleifera with either piperine (2.5   mg/kg, p.o.) or curcumin (5.0   mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 1 week were administered in experimental @entity1 against beryllium @entity2 (1.0   mg/kg, i.p. daily for 5 weeks). Oxidative stress parameters including blood sugar, @entity4 in liver, and DNA damage were analyzed. Histopathological changes in liver and kidney were also observed. RESULTS: Beryllium enhanced lipid peroxidation (LPO), depleted reduced glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes activities, decreased blood sugar and @entity4 activity, and did not damage DNA. Histologically, liver was observed with structural loss and disintegration of hepatocytes, heavy vacuolation in hepatocytes, and kidney was observed with constriction of glomeruli and @entity3 in epithelial cells of uriniferous tubules. Therapy of M. oleifera with piperine was effective; however, combination of M. oleifera with curcumin showed better therapeutic effect by reduction of LPO, elevated GSH level, maintained antioxidant enzymes activities, restored blood sugar, and @entity4 activity in liver together with almost normal histoarchitecture of liver and kidney. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Curcumin enhanced therapeutic efficacy of M. oleifera root extract and showed better antioxidant potential against beryllium @entity2 .

title: Co-administration of adjuvants along with Moringa oleifera attenuates beryllium-induced oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation is used to treat several types of diseases, including rickets, @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity4 , the prolonged exposure to its radiation may result in acute and chronic health effects particularly on the skin, eyes, and the immune system. AIM: This study was carried out to show the effect of UV on both of the lymphoproliferative response and their capacity to produce IL-12 and @entity6 in @entity0 . METHODS: @entity0 were exposed to whole body UVB and tested for the effect of recovery times on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. In addition, direct irradiation of spleens and lymphocyte suspension was carried out. Basal and mitogens-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation was assessed by MTT assay while @entity6 and IL-12 were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: There was a significant suppression in lymphocyte proliferation in comparison with control. IL-12 level was significantly reduced while the level of @entity6 was increased. Con A and PWM mitogens had no significant changes in @entity6 while Con A caused a highly significant increase in IL-12 at day 6 of recovery in UVB body irradiation. CONCLUSION: Exposure to UVB radiation could cause a state of immune suppression and shifts @entity3 / @entity1 cell response. This effect is closely associated with the reduction of @entity3 cytokines' expression and increase in @entity1 cytokines' levels.

title: Effect of ultra violet irradiation on the interplay between @entity3 and XXXX lymphocytes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Although ultraviolet (UV) radiation is used to treat several types of diseases, including rickets, @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity4 , the prolonged exposure to its radiation may result in acute and chronic health effects particularly on the skin, eyes, and the immune system. AIM: This study was carried out to show the effect of UV on both of the lymphoproliferative response and their capacity to produce IL-12 and @entity6 in @entity0 . METHODS: @entity0 were exposed to whole body UVB and tested for the effect of recovery times on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. In addition, direct irradiation of spleens and lymphocyte suspension was carried out. Basal and mitogens-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation was assessed by MTT assay while @entity6 and IL-12 were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: There was a significant suppression in lymphocyte proliferation in comparison with control. IL-12 level was significantly reduced while the level of @entity6 was increased. Con A and PWM mitogens had no significant changes in @entity6 while Con A caused a highly significant increase in IL-12 at day 6 of recovery in UVB body irradiation. CONCLUSION: Exposure to UVB radiation could cause a state of immune suppression and shifts @entity3 / @entity1 cell response. This effect is closely associated with the reduction of @entity3 cytokines' expression and increase in @entity1 cytokines' levels.

title: Effect of ultra violet irradiation on the interplay between XXXX and @entity1 lymphocytes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to compare general and epidural anaesthesia for surgical resection of @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: 80 @entity0 with @entity2 were randomly divided into two groups which respectively received general or epidural anaesthesia prior to the surgery. General anaesthesia was done under intubation and mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: Vital signs, including diastolic pressure, systolic pressure, heart rate and @entity3 saturation, were not significantly different between two groups before the surgery. Vital signs were decreased in @entity0 of both groups after surgery. However, vital signs in the general anaesthesia group were markedly higher than in the epidural anaesthesia group (p < 0.05), indicating that the changes of vital signs were less pronounced in the general anaesthesia group. Furthermore, the operation time in this group was markedly shorter than in the epidural anaesthesia group, while the success rate was markedly higher. In addition, the intraoperative @entity4 and infusion volume were both markedly lower in the general anaesthesia group, as well as the occurrence rate of supine position (p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Occurrence of @entity5 , @entity1 , altered water-electrolyte balance, @entity6 in @entity0 undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia group was significantly lower (p < 0.05 vs. @entity0 under epidural anaesthesia). There were no deaths in either @entity0 group, and all @entity0 were successfully cured and discharged. CONCLUSIONS: General anaesthesia under intubation and mechanical ventilation is better suited for surgical removal of @entity2 .

title: General anaesthesia is better suitable than epidural anaesthesia for surgical removal of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Twenty-five percent to sixty percent of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 reportedly have freezing of gait, leading to @entity2 , falls, and decreased quality of life. Several factors have been associated with gait freezing in @entity3 @entity0 . We analyze for these factors in autopsy-proven @entity3 @entity0 . METHODS: We performed a chart review of 58 @entity0 with pathologically confirmed @entity3 based on substantia nigra Lewy bodies. Freezing of gait was defined as a score of 1 or more on Item 14 of the Unified @entity3 Rating Scale or if documented on examination. Serial office notes and scales were used to determine onset and progression of motor and non-motor symptoms. RESULTS: @entity0 had been followed up for an average of 20 visits over 9 y. The mean onset of gait freezing was 9.3 y from initial motor symptoms. @entity0 with earlier gait freezing more commonly had initial gait difficulties and developed postural instability, @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity6 , and vivid dreams earlier during the disease course. Early onset of @entity6 was correlated with more rapid progression of gait freezing. Maximal equivalent @entity8 dose was not correlated with earlier onset or progression of gait freezing. Progressive and more severe gait freezing trended toward higher-severity Lewy @entity1 on postmortem examination. CONCLUSIONS: Early onset and rapid progression of freezing of gait in this cohort were correlated with early @entity2 and @entity6 that are potential clinical hallmarks of cortical Lewy bodies. The gradual worsening and severity of gait freezing correlated with the density of cortical Lewy body-containing neurons.    2015 International Parkinson and @entity4 Society.

title: Clinicopathological characteristics of freezing of gait in autopsy-confirmed XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Measurements of neuronal signals during @entity0 @entity2 activity and evoked @entity1 activity in experimental models suggest that, in these pathological states, the individual nerve cells experience an activity driven @entity3 , i.e. they saturate. We examined the effect of such a saturation in the Wilson-Cowan formalism by adapting the nonlinear activation function; we substituted the commonly applied sigmoid for a Gaussian function. We discuss experimental recordings during a @entity2 that support this substitution. Next we perform a bifurcation analysis on the Wilson-Cowan model with a Gaussian activation function. The main effect is an additional stable equilibrium with high excitatory and low inhibitory activity. Analysis of coupled local networks then shows that such high activity can stay localized or spread. Specifically, in a spatial continuum we show a wavefront with inhibition leading followed by excitatory activity. We relate our model simulations to observations of spreading activity during @entity2 . ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13408-015-0019-4) contains supplementary material 1.

title: Modeling focal XXXX activity in the Wilson-cowan model with @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Measurements of neuronal signals during @entity0 @entity2 activity and evoked @entity1 activity in experimental models suggest that, in these pathological states, the individual nerve cells experience an activity driven @entity3 , i.e. they saturate. We examined the effect of such a saturation in the Wilson-Cowan formalism by adapting the nonlinear activation function; we substituted the commonly applied sigmoid for a Gaussian function. We discuss experimental recordings during a @entity2 that support this substitution. Next we perform a bifurcation analysis on the Wilson-Cowan model with a Gaussian activation function. The main effect is an additional stable equilibrium with high excitatory and low inhibitory activity. Analysis of coupled local networks then shows that such high activity can stay localized or spread. Specifically, in a spatial continuum we show a wavefront with inhibition leading followed by excitatory activity. We relate our model simulations to observations of spreading activity during @entity2 . ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13408-015-0019-4) contains supplementary material 1.

title: Modeling focal @entity1 activity in the Wilson-cowan model with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: CD8-positive cells might play a crucial role in the therapeutic response to radiation, which has however not been investigated in radioimmunotherapy (RIT). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cytotoxic T cells affect the response of established @entity1 and, above all, if they delay or prevent the development of distant @entity0 after RIT, using an immunocompetent syngeneic @entity2 @entity3 model. METHODS: The cytotoxic T cells were depleted in 15 rats by anti-CD8 before the injection of the radioimmunoconjugate (400  MBq/kg body weight (177)Lu-BR96, which binds to the @entity1 -associated antigen Lewis Y). Fifteen other @entity2 were treated with RIT only. Both groups were followed for 99  days. Blood samples were collected at least once weekly, and @entity1 were monitored twice weekly. RESULTS: Twenty-nine of the 30 animals exhibited local complete response. The non-responder was treated with anti-CD8 and RIT but succumbed later due to @entity0 . Five animals in the group given anti-CD8   +   RIT were sacrificed due to @entity0 , and 4 additional animals were found to have @entity0 at autopsy. In the group given RIT, 4 animals developed @entity0 , but no @entity0 were found in the remaining 11 animals at autopsy. Thus, at the end of the study, 6 animals in the anti-CD8   +   RIT group were free from @entity0 , while 11 were free from @entity0 in the group receiving RIT. CD3(+) @entity4 (-)CD8(+) lymphocytes were consistently depleted by the anti-CD8 treatment. The myelosuppression was otherwise similar in the two groups. The initial depletion of CD8-positive cells in our syngeneic @entity2 @entity3 model resulted in a higher frequency of animals developing @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Depletion of CD8-positive cells during RIT in an immunocompetent @entity2 @entity1 model might influence the number of animals developing @entity0 , indicating that the immune system may be important in the long-term outcome of RIT.

title: Role of CD8-positive cells in radioimmunotherapy utilizing (177)Lu-mAbs in an immunocompetent @entity2 XXXX model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: CD8-positive cells might play a crucial role in the therapeutic response to radiation, which has however not been investigated in radioimmunotherapy (RIT). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cytotoxic T cells affect the response of established @entity1 and, above all, if they delay or prevent the development of distant @entity0 after RIT, using an immunocompetent syngeneic @entity2 @entity3 model. METHODS: The cytotoxic T cells were depleted in 15 rats by anti-CD8 before the injection of the radioimmunoconjugate (400  MBq/kg body weight (177)Lu-BR96, which binds to the @entity1 -associated antigen Lewis Y). Fifteen other @entity2 were treated with RIT only. Both groups were followed for 99  days. Blood samples were collected at least once weekly, and @entity1 were monitored twice weekly. RESULTS: Twenty-nine of the 30 animals exhibited local complete response. The non-responder was treated with anti-CD8 and RIT but succumbed later due to @entity0 . Five animals in the group given anti-CD8   +   RIT were sacrificed due to @entity0 , and 4 additional animals were found to have @entity0 at autopsy. In the group given RIT, 4 animals developed @entity0 , but no @entity0 were found in the remaining 11 animals at autopsy. Thus, at the end of the study, 6 animals in the anti-CD8   +   RIT group were free from @entity0 , while 11 were free from @entity0 in the group receiving RIT. CD3(+) @entity4 (-)CD8(+) lymphocytes were consistently depleted by the anti-CD8 treatment. The myelosuppression was otherwise similar in the two groups. The initial depletion of CD8-positive cells in our syngeneic @entity2 @entity3 model resulted in a higher frequency of animals developing @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Depletion of CD8-positive cells during RIT in an immunocompetent @entity2 @entity1 model might influence the number of animals developing @entity0 , indicating that the immune system may be important in the long-term outcome of RIT.

title: Role of CD8-positive cells in radioimmunotherapy utilizing (177)Lu-mAbs in an immunocompetent XXXX @entity3 model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether initiation of cholinesterase inhibitors is associated with significant @entity2 in a real-word clinical setting. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study from 2007 to 2010 comparing @entity2 in individuals with @entity1 newly prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors and those newly prescribed other chronic medications. SETTING: National Veterans Affairs data. @entity0 : Individuals aged 65 and older with a diagnosis of @entity1 who received a new prescription for a cholinesterase inhibitor or other new chronic medication. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was time to 10-pound @entity2 over 12 months. Propensity score matching was used to control for the likelihood of receiving a cholinesterase inhibitor based on baseline characteristics. Data were analyzed in a priori defined subgroups according to age, comorbid burden, and initial weight. RESULTS: Of 6,504 individuals that met study criteria, 1,188 started on cholinesterase inhibitors were matched to 2,189 started on other medications. The propensity-matched cohorts were well balanced on baseline covariates. @entity0 initiated on cholinesterase inhibitors had a higher risk of @entity2 than matched controls at 12 months (hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07-1.41). At 12 months, 29.3% of @entity0 taking cholinesterase inhibitors had experienced @entity2 , compared with 22.8% of nonusers, corresponding to a number needed to harm of 21.2 (95% CI = 12.5-71.4) over 1 year. There were no significant differences in the risk of @entity2 within subgroups. CONCLUSION: These results are consistent with the available data from randomized controlled trials. Clinicians should consider the risk of @entity2 when prescribing cholinesterase inhibitors.

title: Weight Loss Associated with Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Individuals with XXXX in a National Healthcare System.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the long-term outcome and patterns of relapse of a large cohort of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 treated with curative-intent @entity5 ( @entity5 ) alone. @entity0 AND METHODS: We reviewed the charts of 490 consecutive @entity0 with stage IE or IIE @entity4 referred between 1992 and 2012 to our institution. Of those, 244 @entity0 (50%) were treated with @entity5 alone. Pathology was confirmed by hematopathologists at our institution. @entity0 and disease factors were analyzed for association with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Median age of the cohort was 59  years, and median follow-up was 5.2  years. Ann Arbor stage was IE in 92%. Most common disease sites were stomach (50%), orbit (18%), non-thyroid head-and-neck (8%), skin (8%), and breast (5%). Median @entity5 dose was 30  Gy. Five-year OS and @entity6 were 92% and 74%, respectively. Cumulative incidence of @entity2 was just 1.1% by 5  years. Sixty @entity0 (24%) developed @entity1 ; 10 were in the @entity5 field. Crude rate of transformation to pathologically confirmed @entity3 was 1.6%. On multivariable analysis, primary disease site (P=.007) was independently associated with @entity6 , along with age (P=.04), presence of B-symptoms (P=.02), and International Prognostic Index risk group (P=.03). All disease sites except for head-and-neck had worse @entity6 relative to stomach. CONCLUSION: Overall and cause-specific survival are high in early-stage extra-nodal @entity4 treated with curative @entity5 alone. In this large cohort of 244 @entity0 , most @entity0 did not experience relapse of @entity4 after curative @entity5 ; when relapses did occur, the majority were in distant sites. Stomach cases were less likely to relapse than other anatomic sites. @entity3 was rare.

title: Long-Term Outcomes and Patterns of Relapse of Early-Stage Extranodal XXXX Treated With Radiation Therapy With Curative Intent.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are dominated by @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and durable disease control is a therapeutic challenge. Standard @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is an effective skin-directed therapy, but the possibility of retreatments is limited to 2 to 3 courses in a lifetime due to @entity1 . This study aimed to determine the clinical effect of low-dose @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity5 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: In an open clinical study, 21 @entity0 with @entity4 / @entity5 stages IB to  IV were treated with low-dose @entity2 over <2.5 weeks, receiving a total dose of 10  Gy in 10 fractions. Data from 10 of these @entity0 were published previously but were included in the current pooled data analysis. Outcome measures were response rate, duration of response, and @entity1 . RESULTS: The overall response rate was 95% with a complete cutaneous response or a very good partial response rate (<1% skin involvement with patches or plaques) documented in 57% of the @entity0 . Median duration of overall cutaneous response was 174  days (5.8  months; range: 60-675  days). @entity2 -related acute adverse events (grade 1 or 2) were observed in 60% of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose (10-Gy) @entity2 offers a high overall response rate and is relatively safe. With this approach, reirradiation at times of relapse or progression is likely to be less toxic than standard dose @entity2 . It remains to be established whether adjuvant and combination treatments can prolong the beneficial effects of low-dose @entity2 .

title: Low-Dose (10-Gy) Total Skin Electron Beam Therapy for XXXX : An Open Clinical Study and Pooled Data Analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Several previous studies have shown that the intake of soup negatively correlates with the body mass index (BMI), serum @entity2 and @entity5 levels, and blood pressure, suggesting that soup intake reduces metabolic risk. However, the correlation between soup intake and various metabolic risk factors has not been well-established. Especially, it has not been investigated in Asian countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the frequency of soup intake and metabolic risk factors such as BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, serum @entity2 , serum @entity5 , blood @entity4 , and glycated hemoglobin. A cross-sectional study of 103 Japanese @entity0 aged 24 to 75 years was conducted. The intake of soup and other food was investigated by semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. The correlation between the frequency of soup intake and metabolic risk factors was analyzed by multiple regression analysis with a linear model. The median value of frequency of soup intake was 7.0 times per week. After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, energy intake, energy from @entity3 intake, current smoking, and estimated energy expenditure, the frequency of soup intake was found to have a significant inverse association with BMI (P=0.040), waist circumference (P=0.024), and waist-to-hip ratio (P=0.001). However, no significant associations with other metabolic risk factors were found. Frequency of soup intake is negatively correlated with @entity1 -related physical parameters in Japanese @entity0 .

title: Frequency of soup intake is inversely associated with body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio, but not with other metabolic risk factors in Japanese XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 , @entity2 derivatives, are natural or synthetic molecules with pleiotropic effects, which regulate cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. In target cell, the active natural metabolites @entity3 (RA) and @entity6 are synthetized from @entity2 by a two-step process with intermediate metabolite @entity5 . In 1987, the identification of the nuclear @entity3 receptors that belong to the superfamily of nuclear receptors led to a significant progress in the comprehension of the mechanism of action of @entity4 . There are two families of @entity0 Nuclear Receptors (RNR), the RA receptors (RAR), which natural ligand is RA, and the @entity8 ( @entity8 ), which natural ligand is @entity6 . Among synthetic @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity1 and @entity10 are ligands of the RAR, @entity11 is the first rexinoid (ligand of the @entity8 ), alitretinoin the first panagonist (RAR+ @entity8 ). For each family, there are 3 isotypes (a, b, y), and for each isotype several isoforms. Each NRR is composed of 6 regions (A-F). 3 regions are of importance: the A/B region has a ligand-independent transcriptional activation function, the C region harbors the DNA binding domain, the E region harbors the ligand binding domain. To regulate the expression of target genes, NRR have to dimerize. @entity8 are obligatory in dimers (heterodimers RAR- @entity8 , homodimers @entity8 - @entity8 ). Dimers binds specific sequences of DNA, present in the promoters of target genes. When the ligand, natural or synthetic, bind to RNR, coactivators are recruited and transcription factors are activated. In target cell, @entity4 not utilized are degradated in polar metabolites by enzymes of cytochrome P450.

title: [ XXXX : mechanisms of action].

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Twospotted spider mite (TSSM), @entity1 Koch, is an early season pest of @entity0 in the mid-southern USA and causes reduction in yield, fiber quality and impaired seed germination. Objectives of this study were to investigate the efficacy of @entity3 and @entity2 with two divergent LC50 values against TSSM in a computer-operated spray table which simulated aerial application parameters. Combined with a pressure of 276  kPa and a speed of 8  km/h, a 650033 nozzle delivered a spray rate of 18.7 L/ha. The active ingredient rates were 1/8, 1/4, 1/2 and the lowest label recommended rates for early season @entity0 . The intent was to study efficacy relative to deposition characteristics at active ingredient rates equal to and lower than those recommended by the label. Spectral reflectance values from a multispectral optical sensor were used to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index which numerically described the surface reflectance characteristics of @entity0 canopies concomitant to damage caused by @entity1 in the greenhouse. Water sensitive paper samplers described spray droplet spectra parameters (Dv0.1, Dv0.5 and Dv0.9,   m) and percent spray coverage. The volume median diameter (Dv0.5,   m) for @entity3 and @entity2 were respectively, 218 and 258 at one-half rate of the lowest label rate. These spray droplets were well above the driftable portions of the spray volume (<141    m) for both @entity3 and @entity2 . Efficacy evaluations indicated that @entity2 was more effective than @entity3 in controlling @entity1 on early season @entity0 at one-half rate of the lowest label rate. Results reported herein demonstrate that the multispectral optical sensor in lieu of manually counting @entity1 appears to be a promising tool for efficacy evaluations against acaricides for early season plants grown in greenhouses.

title: Evaluation of selected acaricides against twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on greenhouse XXXX using multispectral data.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a common clinical condition characterized by abrupt cardiovascular autonomic changes resulting in @entity2 . This is a recurring condition with mixed results from current strategies of treatment. METHODS: Subjects with a diagnosis of @entity1 were screened and enrolled. All the @entity0 were given a DVD containing yoga videos and were instructed to practice yoga therapy for 60  min, three times a week for 3 consecutive months. Syncope functional status questionnaire score (SFSQS) was administered at the beginning and the end of the study. The subjects were followed for 3  months and underwent repeat tilt table testing at the end of the study. RESULTS: Of the 60 @entity0 screened, 44 subjects were enrolled, 21 in the intervention group and 23 in the control group. Most of the @entity0 were females, and the mean age was 21        3  years. In the intervention group, who finished the yoga regimen, there was a statistically significant improvement from control phase to the intervention phase, in number of episodes of @entity2 (4        1 vs 1.3        0.7, p   <   0.001) and @entity2 (4.7        1.5 vs 1.5        0.5, p   <   0.001). The mean SFSQS also decreased from 67        7.8 to 29.8        4.6 (p   <   0.001). All subjects had positive head up tilt table (HUTT) study at the time of enrollment compared to only six @entity0 at the completion of intervention phase (10/100 vs 6/28  %, p   <   0.0001). CONCLUSION: Yoga therapy can potentially improve the symptoms of @entity2 and @entity2 in young female @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Role of yoga as an adjunctive therapy in @entity0 with XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity1