abstract: To evaluate the reliability of using in situ frog intestinal perfusion technique for permeability assessment of carrier transported drugs which are also substrates for CYP enzymes. Single Pass Intestinal Perfusion (SPIP) studies were performed in frogs of the species @entity5 using established method for @entity1 with some modifications after inducing anesthesia. Effective permeability coefficient (P eff) of @entity4 and @entity2 was calculated in the presence and absence of inhibitors using the parallel-tube model. Peff of @entity4 when perfused alone was found to be 0.427    0.27 * 10(-4)cm/s and when it was co-perfused with inhibitors, significant change in P eff was observed. Peff of @entity2 when perfused alone was found to be 2.03    0.07 * 10(-4)cm/s and when it was co-perfused with inhibitors, no significant change in P eff was observed. Comparison of P eff calculated in frog with that of other available models and also @entity0 suggested that the P eff-values are comparable and reflected well with @entity0 intestinal permeability. It is possible to determine the P eff-value for compounds which are dual substrates of P-glycoprotein and @entity3 using in situ frog intestinal perfusion technique. The calculated P eff-values correlated well with reported P eff-values of probe drugs. comparison of the P eff-value of @entity4 obtained with that of reported @entity0 's P eff and Caco 2 cell data, and comparison of the P eff-value of @entity2 with that of reported @entity1 's P eff, we could conclude that SPIP from model can be reliably used in preclinical studies for permeability estimation. This model may represent a valuable alternative to the low speed and high cost of conventional animal models (typically rodents) for the assessment of intestinal permeability.

title: Frog intestinal perfusion to evaluate drug permeability: application to p-gp and XXXX substrates.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Individuals with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) present reduced visual attention to faces. However, contradictory conclusions have been drawn about the strategies involved in visual face scanning due to the various methodologies implemented in the study of facial screening. Here, we used a data-driven approach to compare @entity0 and adults with @entity1 subjected to the same free viewing task and to address developmental aspects of face scanning, including its temporal patterning, in healthy @entity0 , and adults. Four groups (54 subjects) were included in the study: typical adults, typically developing @entity0 , and adults and @entity0 with @entity1 . Eye tracking was performed on subjects viewing unfamiliar faces. Fixations were analyzed using a data-driven approach that employed spatial statistics to provide an objective, unbiased definition of the areas of interest. Typical adults expressed a spatial and temporal strategy for visual scanning that differed from the three other groups, involving a sequential fixation of the right eye (RE), @entity2 . Typically developing @entity0 , adults and @entity0 with @entity3 exhibited similar fixation patterns and they always started by looking at the RE. @entity0 (typical or with @entity1 ) subsequently looked at the LE or the mouth. Based on the present results, the patterns of fixation for static faces that mature from childhood to adulthood in typical subjects are not found in adults with @entity1 . The atypical patterns found after developmental progression and experience in @entity1 groups appear to remain blocked in an immature state that cannot be differentiated from typical developmental @entity0 patterns of fixation.

title: Developmental changes in face visual scanning in XXXX as assessed by data-based analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity1 in @entity2 @entity0 still accounts for significant morbidity and mortality. Operative techniques in liver @entity2 are some of the most challenging. They include the @entity10 , from damage control to liver resection. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a retrospective study of 121 @entity2 @entity0 with @entity1 American Association for Surgery of @entity2 (AAST) grade III-V who have undergone surgery. Indications for surgery include refractory @entity5 not responding to resuscitation due to uncontrolled @entity4 from liver @entity2 ; massive hemoperitonem on Focused assessment by ultrasound for @entity2 (FAST) and/or Diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) as well as Multislice Computed Tomography (MSCT) findings of the severe @entity1 and major @entity9 with active @entity4 . RESULTS: Non-survivors have significantly higher AAST grade of @entity1 and higher Injury Severity Score (ISS) (p   =   0.000; p   =   0.0001). Non-survivors have significant @entity5 on arrival and lower Glasgow @entity7 Scale (GCS) on admission (p   =   0.000; p   =   0.0001). Definitive hepatic repair was performed in 62(51.2  %) @entity0 . Damage Control, liver packing and planned re-laparotomy after 48  h were used in 59(48.8  %). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of the surgical approach. There was significant difference in the amount of red blood cells (RBC) transfusion in the first 24  h between survivors and non-survivors (p   =   0.001). Overall mortality rate was 33.1  %. Regarding complications non-survivors had significantly prolonged @entity4 and higher rate of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) (p   =   0.0001; p   =   0.0001), while survivors had significantly higher rate of @entity8 (p   =   0.0001). CONCLUSION: All efforts in the treatment of severe @entity1 should be directed to the rapid and effective control of @entity4 , because uncontrollable @entity4 is the cause of @entity3 and it requires massive blood transfusion, all of which contributes to the late fatal complication.

title: Surgical management of AAST grades III-V XXXX by Damage control surgery with perihepatic packing and Definitive hepatic repair-single centre experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a @entity1 associated with abnormalities in ciliary structure and function. Although recurrent @entity9 associated with @entity4 is a common clinical feature, there is no standardized treatment or management of @entity9 in @entity6 @entity0 . Here, we report that @entity9 with @entity6 and @entity12 ( @entity12 ) were treated successfully with @entity10 before the surgical resection of @entity12 . A 15-year-old non-smoking Japanese @entity0 was admitted for productive cough and @entity8 on exertion. Chest CT scan on admission showed complex cystic LESIONS with air-fluid level in the right lower lobe, and diffuse nodular shadows in the whole lobe of the lung. On flexible bronchoscopy examination, sputum and bronchiolar fluid cultures revealed @entity5 ( @entity5 ). An electron microscopic examination of the cilia showed inner @entity7 . Administration of @entity10 improved the lower respiratory tract @entity2 associated with @entity5 . CT angiography after @entity10 treatment demonstrated an aberrant systemic artery arising from the celiac trunk and supplying the @entity11 that were incorporated into the normal @entity3 without their own pleural covering. Based on these results, the @entity0 was diagnosed with @entity6 and @entity12 . Because of the @entity10 treatment, resection of the @entity12 was performed safely without any complications. Although further observation of @entity10 treatment is needed, we believe that @entity10 may be considered one of the agents for treating @entity6 .

title: Successful treatment of chronic lower respiratory tract @entity2 by macrolide administration in a @entity0 with intralobar pulmonary sequestration and primary XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a @entity1 associated with abnormalities in ciliary structure and function. Although recurrent @entity9 associated with @entity4 is a common clinical feature, there is no standardized treatment or management of @entity9 in @entity6 @entity0 . Here, we report that @entity9 with @entity6 and @entity12 ( @entity12 ) were treated successfully with @entity10 before the surgical resection of @entity12 . A 15-year-old non-smoking Japanese @entity0 was admitted for productive cough and @entity8 on exertion. Chest CT scan on admission showed complex cystic LESIONS with air-fluid level in the right lower lobe, and diffuse nodular shadows in the whole lobe of the lung. On flexible bronchoscopy examination, sputum and bronchiolar fluid cultures revealed @entity5 ( @entity5 ). An electron microscopic examination of the cilia showed inner @entity7 . Administration of @entity10 improved the lower respiratory tract @entity2 associated with @entity5 . CT angiography after @entity10 treatment demonstrated an aberrant systemic artery arising from the celiac trunk and supplying the @entity11 that were incorporated into the normal @entity3 without their own pleural covering. Based on these results, the @entity0 was diagnosed with @entity6 and @entity12 . Because of the @entity10 treatment, resection of the @entity12 was performed safely without any complications. Although further observation of @entity10 treatment is needed, we believe that @entity10 may be considered one of the agents for treating @entity6 .

title: Successful treatment of chronic lower respiratory tract XXXX by macrolide administration in a @entity0 with intralobar pulmonary sequestration and primary @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a @entity1 associated with abnormalities in ciliary structure and function. Although recurrent @entity9 associated with @entity4 is a common clinical feature, there is no standardized treatment or management of @entity9 in @entity6 @entity0 . Here, we report that @entity9 with @entity6 and @entity12 ( @entity12 ) were treated successfully with @entity10 before the surgical resection of @entity12 . A 15-year-old non-smoking Japanese @entity0 was admitted for productive cough and @entity8 on exertion. Chest CT scan on admission showed complex cystic LESIONS with air-fluid level in the right lower lobe, and diffuse nodular shadows in the whole lobe of the lung. On flexible bronchoscopy examination, sputum and bronchiolar fluid cultures revealed @entity5 ( @entity5 ). An electron microscopic examination of the cilia showed inner @entity7 . Administration of @entity10 improved the lower respiratory tract @entity2 associated with @entity5 . CT angiography after @entity10 treatment demonstrated an aberrant systemic artery arising from the celiac trunk and supplying the @entity11 that were incorporated into the normal @entity3 without their own pleural covering. Based on these results, the @entity0 was diagnosed with @entity6 and @entity12 . Because of the @entity10 treatment, resection of the @entity12 was performed safely without any complications. Although further observation of @entity10 treatment is needed, we believe that @entity10 may be considered one of the agents for treating @entity6 .

title: Successful treatment of chronic lower respiratory tract @entity2 by macrolide administration in a XXXX with intralobar pulmonary sequestration and primary @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Some recent studies have suggested that laparoscopic surgery for @entity2 may provide a potential survival advantage when compared with open surgery. This study aimed to compare cancer-related survivals of @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic or open resection of @entity3 in the same, high volume tertiary center. METHODS: @entity0 who had undergone elective open or laparoscopic surgery for @entity3 between January 2002 and December 2010 were analyzed. A clinical database was prospectively compiled. Survival analysis was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: A total of 460 resections were performed. There were no significant differences between the laparoscopic (n   =   227) and the open group (n   =   233) apart from @entity1 stage: stage I @entity1 were more frequent in the laparoscopic group whereas @entity1 were more frequent in the open group. The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was significantly higher in the laparoscopic than in the open group (20.0        0.7 vs 14.2        0.5, P   <   0.01). The 5-year cancer-related survival for @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic resection was significantly higher than that following open resections (83.1% vs 68.5%, P   =   0.01). By performing a stage-to-stage comparison, we found that the improvement in survival in the laparoscopic group occurred mainly in @entity0 with @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows a survival advantage for @entity0 who had undergone laparoscopic surgery for stage II @entity3 . This may be correlated with a higher number of harvested lymph nodes and thus a better stage stratification of these @entity0 .

title: Survival after laparoscopic and open surgery for XXXX : a comparative, single-institution study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Practitioners of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies are an important and growing presence in health care systems worldwide. A central question is whether evidence-based behavior change interventions routinely employed in conventional health care could also be integrated into CAM practice to address public health priorities. Essential for successful integration are intervention approaches deemed acceptable and consistent with practice patterns and treatment approaches of different types of CAM practitioners - that is, they have context validity. Intervention development to ensure context validity was integral to Project CAM Reach (CAMR), a project examining the public health potential of @entity1 cessation training for chiropractors, acupuncturists and massage therapists (CAM practitioners). This paper describes formative research conducted to achieve this goal. METHODS: Intervention development, undertaken in three @entity2 (chiropractic, acupuncture, massage therapy), consisted of six iterative steps: 1) exploratory key informant interviews; 2) local CAM practitioner community survey; 3) existing @entity1 cessation curriculum demonstration with CAM practitioners; 4) adapting/tailoring of existing curriculum; 5) external review of adaptations; 6) delivery of tailored curriculum to CAM practitioners with follow-up curriculum evaluation. RESULTS: CAM practitioners identified barriers and facilitators to addressing @entity1 use with @entity0 /clients and saw the relevance and acceptability of the intervention content. The intervention development process was attentive to their real world intervention concerns. Extensive intervention tailoring to the context of each CAM discipline was found unnecessary. @entity0 and advisors from all @entity2 embraced training content, deeming it to have broad relevance and application across the three @entity2 . All findings informed the final intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The participatory and iterative formative research process yielded an intervention with context validity in real-world CAM practices as it: 1) is @entity0 /client-centered, emphasizing the practitioner's role in a healing relationship; 2) is responsive to the different contexts of CAM practitioners' work and @entity0 /client relationships; 3) integrates relevant best practices from US Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guidelines on treating @entity1 dependence; and 4) is suited to the range of healing philosophies, scopes of practice and practice patterns found in participating CAM practitioners. The full CAMR study to evaluate the impact of the CAMR intervention on CAM practitioners' clinical behavior is underway.

title: Intervention development for integration of conventional XXXX cessation interventions into routine CAM practice.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: To understand the heterogeneous behaviors of individual @entity0 cells, it is essential to investigate gene expression levels as well as their divergence between different individual cells. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing-related technologies have enabled us to conduct a single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of a series of @entity2 cell lines. RESULTS: We analyze a total of 336 single-cell RNA-Seq libraries from seven cell lines. The results are highly robust regarding both average expression levels and the relative gene expression differences between individual cells. Gene expression diversity is characteristic depending on genes and pathways. Analyses of individual cells treated with the multi- @entity3 kinase inhibitor @entity4 reveal that, while the ribosomal genes and many other so-called house-keeping genes reduce their relative expression diversity during the drug treatment, the genes that are directly targeted by @entity4 , the @entity1 and @entity5 genes, remain constant. Rigid transcriptional control of these genes may not allow plastic changes of their expression with the drug treatment or during the cellular acquisition of drug resistance. Additionally, we find that the gene expression patterns of @entity0 -related genes are sometimes more diverse than expected based on the founder cells. Furthermore, we find that this diversity is occasionally latent in a normal state and initially becomes apparent after the drug treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Characteristic patterns in gene expression divergence, which would not be revealed by transcriptome analysis of bulk cells, may also play important roles when cells acquire drug resistance, perhaps by providing a cellular reservoir for gene expression programs.

title: Single-cell analysis of XXXX cell lines reveals diverse expression patterns of individual cells invoked by a molecular target drug treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Inhaled @entity6 (iNO) is an important therapy for @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity3 and pediatric @entity7 . Safety concerns regarding iNO and @entity1 have been reported; however, there are currently no systematic reviews on this issue. Our objective was to evaluate published @entity2 ( @entity2 ) to ascertain the risk of @entity1 associated with iNO therapy in @entity0 with and without @entity4 . METHODS: A systematic review of databases was performed to identify @entity2 which compared iNO with controls up to September 2014. Effect estimates for risk ratio (RR) of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Ten @entity2 involving 1363 @entity0 were included. Inhaled @entity6 significantly increased the risk of @entity5 compared with controls (RR, 1.4, 95%CI, 1.06 to 1.83, p   =   0.02). In the stratified analysis, a high cumulative-dose of iNO significantly increased the risk of @entity5 (RR, 1.52, 95%CI, 1.14 to 2.02, p   =   0.004), whereas medium and low cumulative-doses did not (RR, 0.64, 95%CI, 0.23 to 1.81 and RR, 0.56, 95%CI, 0.11 to 2.86 respectively). In subgroup analysis by study population, an increased risk of @entity5 was observed in @entity0 with @entity4 (RR, 1.55, 95%CI, 1.15 to 2.09, p   =   0.005) but not in those without (RR, 0.90, 95%CI, 0.49 to 1.67, p   =   0.75). CONCLUSIONS: The available data show that iNO therapy may increase the risk of @entity1 , especially with prolonged use and in @entity0 with @entity4 . The risk in pediatric population is unknown owing to limited data. We suggest monitoring renal function during iNO therapy, and that future trials of iNO should evaluate renal safety.

title: Inhaled @entity6 therapy and risk of XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Inhaled @entity6 (iNO) is an important therapy for @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity3 and pediatric @entity7 . Safety concerns regarding iNO and @entity1 have been reported; however, there are currently no systematic reviews on this issue. Our objective was to evaluate published @entity2 ( @entity2 ) to ascertain the risk of @entity1 associated with iNO therapy in @entity0 with and without @entity4 . METHODS: A systematic review of databases was performed to identify @entity2 which compared iNO with controls up to September 2014. Effect estimates for risk ratio (RR) of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Ten @entity2 involving 1363 @entity0 were included. Inhaled @entity6 significantly increased the risk of @entity5 compared with controls (RR, 1.4, 95%CI, 1.06 to 1.83, p   =   0.02). In the stratified analysis, a high cumulative-dose of iNO significantly increased the risk of @entity5 (RR, 1.52, 95%CI, 1.14 to 2.02, p   =   0.004), whereas medium and low cumulative-doses did not (RR, 0.64, 95%CI, 0.23 to 1.81 and RR, 0.56, 95%CI, 0.11 to 2.86 respectively). In subgroup analysis by study population, an increased risk of @entity5 was observed in @entity0 with @entity4 (RR, 1.55, 95%CI, 1.15 to 2.09, p   =   0.005) but not in those without (RR, 0.90, 95%CI, 0.49 to 1.67, p   =   0.75). CONCLUSIONS: The available data show that iNO therapy may increase the risk of @entity1 , especially with prolonged use and in @entity0 with @entity4 . The risk in pediatric population is unknown owing to limited data. We suggest monitoring renal function during iNO therapy, and that future trials of iNO should evaluate renal safety.

title: Inhaled XXXX therapy and risk of @entity1 : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the integrity of the visual system in @entity0 affected by @entity2 ( @entity2 ) by means of electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP). METHODS: We performed electrophysiological study of the visual system in a population of severe @entity2 ( @entity4 - @entity5 events/time in bed >=  30/h) @entity0 without medical comorbidities compared to a group of healthy controls similar for age, sex, and body mass index. @entity0 and controls did not have @entity3 with known influence on the visual system. ERG and VEP were elicited by a reversal pattern generated on a television monitor at low (55') and high (15') spatial frequencies stimulation. Daytime @entity1 was assessed using the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in both @entity0 and controls. RESULTS: In comparison with healthy controls (n = 27), @entity0 with @entity2 (n = 27) showed a significant latency delay coupled with a significant amplitude reduction of @entity10 wave of VEP at all spatial frequencies in both eyes. No significant differences between groups were detected as concerning ERG components. No correlations were found between polygraphic parameters, @entity1 scores, or VEP and ERG components in @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: This study documented that @entity0 with @entity2 , without medical comorbidities, present VEP alteration as documented by lower amplitude and longer latency of the @entity10 component than healthy controls. These altered electrophysiological findings may be the expression of @entity9 provoked by @entity6 , @entity7 , hypercarbia and @entity8 , frequently observed in @entity0 with @entity2 . Hence, we hypothesize that @entity2 per se may impair optic nerve function.

title: Optic Nerve Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep XXXX : An Electrophysiological Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The localization of @entity2 -containing neurons in the CNS of Aplysia depilans has been studied by fluorescent histochemistry (the @entity4 condensation method) and microspectrofluorimetry. Yellow fluorescent nerve cells and fibers show the emission maximum at 515-520 nm which corresponds to that of @entity1 fluorophore in a model system. Green fluorescent nerve cells have the emission maximum at 485 nm which corresponds to that of @entity3 . Central @entity3 -containing neurons were found in cerebral, buccal, pedal and unpaired abdominal @entity0 . The majority of them were revealed in cerebral @entity0 (about 40). @entity1 -containing neurons are abundant in cerebral and pedal @entity0 . More than 30 @entity1 -containing nerve cells were localized in cerebral @entity0 . In the right pedal ganglion approximately 100 neurons were revealed; in the left one about 150. In the abdominal ganglion all nerve cells of this chemical type (except one) are located in the right hemiganglion. The results are summarized in corresponding schemes.

title: XXXX -containing neurons in the Aplysia brain.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A total of 39 @entity0 with essential @entity9 and 2 @entity0 with hemifacial @entity5 were treated with one or more forms of therapy. All @entity0 underwent neurologic and ophthalmic assessment to rule out ocular causes of @entity9 . Thirty-six @entity0 were given a trial of various medications. Only one @entity0 was successfully treated: her condition was markedly improved with @entity2 after @entity7 , @entity3 and @entity8 had failed to help. @entity0 who did not respond to drug therapy were offered the option of undergoing @entity6 muscle stripping surgery. The six @entity0 who underwent surgery showed considerable improvement; however, side effects such as frontal anesthesia, exposure @entity1 , lagophthalmus, @entity4 and eyelid malposition occurred, and three of the six had residual @entity5 . At this point type A botulinum toxin became available. A total of 27 @entity0 (26 who did not respond to drug therapy, including the 3 with residual @entity5 after surgery, and 1 previously untreated @entity0 ) received type A botulinum toxin injections. Most experienced rapid relief from their spasms. The beneficial effects lasted weeks to months, and there were no major side effects. Treatment with type A botulinum toxin appears to be a safe and effective means of temporarily relieving @entity9 . The long-term results with repeated injections are yet to be determined.

title: Treatment of XXXX with medication, surgery and type A botulinum toxin.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The best treatment of sacral @entity2 is surgical resection, nowadays associated with optimized radiation therapy. We analysed 1) the oncologic outcome in a large series; 2) the effect of previous intralesional surgery, resection level, @entity1 volume and margins on survivorship to @entity3 ) the complication rate. METHODS: We reviewed 71 @entity0 with sacral @entity2 . Forty-eight resections were proximal to S3. Mean @entity1 volume was 535 cm3. Eleven received previous intralesional surgery elsewhere. Margins were wide in 44 resections, wide-contaminated in 11, marginal in 9 and intralesional in 7. RESULTS: Overall survival was 92%, 65% and 44% at 5, 10 and 15 years. At a mean of 9.5 years 37 were NED (54.4%), 23 died with disease (33.8%) and 8 were alive with disease (11.7%). Relapses included 15 LRs, 6 distant metastases, 17 both. LR rate was significantly higher in @entity0 with previous surgery (p=0.0217), with inadequate margins (p= 0.0339) and large @entity1 (p<0.01), whereas resection level was not significant. Multivariate analysis confirmed the role of @entity1 volume. Complication rate was high (80.9%) with an infection rate of 41.2%. CONCLUSIONS: The most prominent adverse factor for LR was previous intralesional surgery. LR rate was related with inadequate margins and @entity1 volume. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015; 112:344-351.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Prognostic factors in surgical resection of sacral XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the present study was to analyse the patterns of treatment adjustment in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 with active disease in routine clinical care. This was a cross-sectional study of consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 conducted in five hospitals. Activity scales (DAS28-ESR) and function (HAQ) were measured, as well as whether ultrasound was performed as part of the assessment. Treatment decision (no changes/reduction/intensification) and time to the next scheduled visit were the outcomes variables. Associated factors were analysed by multilevel regression models. A total of 343 @entity0 were included (77  % @entity0 , mean age 57  years, mean @entity1 duration 10  years), of whom 44  % were in remission by DAS28. Treatment was continued in 202 (59  %) @entity0 , reduced in 57 (16  %), and intensified in 83 (24  %). In the 117 @entity0 with active @entity1 (DAS28  >=   3.2), treatment was intensified in 61 (52  %). Factors associated with treatment intensification were physician and @entity0 VAS, and DAS28, but not the centre. In the multilevel regression analysis with intensification of treatment as dependent variable, the following factors were significantly associated: DAS28 [OR 3.67 (95  % CI 2.43-5.52)], @entity0 VAS [OR 1.04 (95  % CI 1.01-1.08)], and have performed an ultrasound [OR 3.36 (95  % CI 1.47-7.68)]. Factors associated with time to the next scheduled visit (an average of 4.3  months) were @entity0 and physician VAS, DAS28, and centre. In clinical practice, half of the @entity0 with active @entity1 maintain or reduce the treatment. The decision to intensify treatment in active @entity1 as recommended by a treat-to-target strategy is complex in practice.

title: Factors associated with the intensification of treatment in XXXX in clinical practice.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 72 @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) of the face and scalp have been analyzed with respect of various prognostic factors and the effects of different treatment regimes. This disease predominantly occurs in the elderly (age range, 56-92 years), and affects @entity0 rather more frequently than @entity0 ( @entity0 : 44, @entity0 : 28). The clinical presentation varied, and included @entity3 , dusky plaques, chronic @entity1 or @entity5 , ulcerated nodules, @entity7 , and infected conditions. Due to lack of clinical awareness and problems with histologic assessment, delays in diagnosis were frequent. The majority of the @entity2 arose in the upper part of the face or scalp. Less commonly, the central part of the face was affected while only three @entity2 developed in the mandibular region. Overall the prognosis was poor; one half of the @entity0 died within 15 months of presentation. Only 12% of the @entity0 survived 5 years or more. @entity0 with lesions that were less than 10 cm in diameter responded better to treatment and statistically survived longer than those with larger lesions, emphasizing the crucial importance of early diagnosis. There is some indication that @entity0 , younger @entity0 , @entity0 with lesions on the central part of the face survived longer, but this was not of statistical significance. The histologic differentiation of the @entity2 at presentation also was of doubtful prognostic significance. Despite the overall poor prognosis, radical radiotherapy (mostly wide-field electron-beam therapy) in seven @entity0 resulted in the apparent eradication of the @entity4 and prolonged survival of the @entity0 . Pulmonary metastases developed 10 years later in two of those @entity0 , however, but the face and scalp remained @entity2 -free.

title: XXXX of the face and scalp, prognosis and treatment.

answer: @entity6


abstract: In adults, @entity5 are candidates for surgery due to symptoms. A pre-natal diagnosis is simple and effective, and allows an early thoracoscopic surgical treatment. A retrospective study was performed to assess management in two different populations of adults and @entity0 to define the best strategy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Pulmonary malformations followed at the University Hospital from 2000 to 2012 were reviewed. Clinical history, @entity8 site, duration of hospitalisation, complications and pathology examinations were collected. RESULTS: A total of 52 cases (33 @entity0 , 19 adults) were identified. In @entity0 , 28 asymptomatic cases were diagnosed pre-natally and 5 during the neonatal period due to @entity4 . Surgery was performed on the @entity0 between the ages of 2 and 6 months. Nineteen adults underwent surgery, 16 because of symptoms and 3 adults for anomalies mimicking @entity1 . The mean age within the adult group was 42.5 years. In @entity0 , there was one thoracotomy and 32 thoracoscopies, with 7 conversions for difficult exposure, dissection of vascular pedicles, @entity7 or @entity3 . In the adults, there were 15 thoracotomies and 4 thoracoscopies, with one conversion. @entity6 in the adults were twice as frequent than in @entity0 . The mean time of the @entity0 's hospitalisation was 7.75 days versus 7.16 days for the adults. Pathological examinations showed in the @entity0 : 7 sequestrations, 18 congenital @entity5 ( @entity5 ), 8 @entity5 associated sequestrations; in adults: 16 sequestrations, 3 intra-pulmonary cysts. CONCLUSION: Early thoracoscopic surgery allows pulmonary parenchyma conservation with pulmonary development, reduces respiratory and infectious complications, eliminates a false positive @entity1 diagnosis later in life and decreases risks of @entity2 .

title: XXXX and sequestration: Two standpoints for a single condition.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The role of hyperthermic isolation perfusion in the treatment of advanced @entity2 of the limbs is clearly important. However, attention has in the past been focussed mainly on surgical aspects of the procedure. Whereas, equivalent interest in chemotherapy considerations has been lacking. A group of 15 @entity0 have been treated by hyperthermic isolated perfusion for advanced @entity2 of the limbs. The chemotherapeutic agent used was @entity3 . The follow-up period was 6 to 60 months. None of these @entity0 had any sign or symptoms of @entity1 from the drug. Twelve of these 15 @entity0 are free of disease currently. There was one case of mortality due to unrelated cause and two cases of mortality due to disseminated disease which developed 6 months and 30 months, respectively, posttreatment. Since not uncommon toxic side effects from other drugs used for this procedure is significant, these results suggest that @entity3 may be used as an alternative chemotherapeutic agent in isolation perfusion for advanced @entity2 of the extremities.

title: Isolation perfusion with XXXX for malignant @entity2 of the limbs.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The role of hyperthermic isolation perfusion in the treatment of advanced @entity2 of the limbs is clearly important. However, attention has in the past been focussed mainly on surgical aspects of the procedure. Whereas, equivalent interest in chemotherapy considerations has been lacking. A group of 15 @entity0 have been treated by hyperthermic isolated perfusion for advanced @entity2 of the limbs. The chemotherapeutic agent used was @entity3 . The follow-up period was 6 to 60 months. None of these @entity0 had any sign or symptoms of @entity1 from the drug. Twelve of these 15 @entity0 are free of disease currently. There was one case of mortality due to unrelated cause and two cases of mortality due to disseminated disease which developed 6 months and 30 months, respectively, posttreatment. Since not uncommon toxic side effects from other drugs used for this procedure is significant, these results suggest that @entity3 may be used as an alternative chemotherapeutic agent in isolation perfusion for advanced @entity2 of the extremities.

title: Isolation perfusion with @entity3 for malignant XXXX of the limbs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Public health initiatives world-wide recommend increasing physical activity (PA) to improve health. However, the dose and the intensity of PA producing the most benefit are still debated. Accurate assessment of PA is necessary in order to 1) investigate the dose-response relationship between PA and health, 2) shape the most beneficial public health initiatives and 3) test the effectiveness of such initiatives. Actigraph accelerometer is widely used to objectively assess PA, and the raw data is given in counts per unit time. Count-thresholds for low, moderate and vigorous PA are mostly based on absolute intensity. This leads to largely inadequate PA intensity assessment in a large proportion of the elderly, who due to their declining maximal @entity1 uptake (VO2max) cannot reach the moderate/vigorous intensity as defined in absolute terms. To resolve this issue, here we report relative Actigraph intensity-thresholds for the elderly. METHODS: Submaximal- @entity1 -uptake, VO2max and maximal heart rate (HRmax) were measured in 111 70-77 year olds, while wearing an Actigraph-GT3X+. Relationship between VO2max percentage (%), counts-per-minute (CPM) and gender (for both the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and vector-magnitude (VM)) and VO2max% and HRmax% was established using a mixed-regression-model. VM-and @entity2 -models were tested against each other to see which model predicts intensity of PA better. RESULTS: VO2max and gender significantly affected number of CPM at different PA intensities (p   <   0.05). Therefore, intensity-thresholds were created for both @entity0 and @entity0 of ranging VO2max values (low, medium, high). VM-model was found to be a better predictor of PA-intensity than @entity2 -model (p   <   0.05). Established thresholds for moderate intensity (46-63  % of VO2max) ranged from 669-3367 and 834-4048 CPM and vigorous intensity (64-90  % of VO2max) from 1625-4868 and 2012-5423CPM, for @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. Lastly, we used this evidence to derive a formula that predicts customized relative intensity of PA (either VO2max% or HRmax%) using counts-per-minute values as input. CONCLUSION: Intensity-thresholds depend on VO2max, gender and Actigraph-axis. PA intensity-thresholds that take all these factors into account allow for more accurate relative intensity  PA assessment in the elderly and will be useful in future PA research. TRIAL REGISTRATION: (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02017847 , registered 17. December 2013).

title: New relative intensity ambulatory accelerometer thresholds for elderly XXXX and @entity0 : the Generation 100 study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Public health initiatives world-wide recommend increasing physical activity (PA) to improve health. However, the dose and the intensity of PA producing the most benefit are still debated. Accurate assessment of PA is necessary in order to 1) investigate the dose-response relationship between PA and health, 2) shape the most beneficial public health initiatives and 3) test the effectiveness of such initiatives. Actigraph accelerometer is widely used to objectively assess PA, and the raw data is given in counts per unit time. Count-thresholds for low, moderate and vigorous PA are mostly based on absolute intensity. This leads to largely inadequate PA intensity assessment in a large proportion of the elderly, who due to their declining maximal @entity1 uptake (VO2max) cannot reach the moderate/vigorous intensity as defined in absolute terms. To resolve this issue, here we report relative Actigraph intensity-thresholds for the elderly. METHODS: Submaximal- @entity1 -uptake, VO2max and maximal heart rate (HRmax) were measured in 111 70-77 year olds, while wearing an Actigraph-GT3X+. Relationship between VO2max percentage (%), counts-per-minute (CPM) and gender (for both the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and vector-magnitude (VM)) and VO2max% and HRmax% was established using a mixed-regression-model. VM-and @entity2 -models were tested against each other to see which model predicts intensity of PA better. RESULTS: VO2max and gender significantly affected number of CPM at different PA intensities (p   <   0.05). Therefore, intensity-thresholds were created for both @entity0 and @entity0 of ranging VO2max values (low, medium, high). VM-model was found to be a better predictor of PA-intensity than @entity2 -model (p   <   0.05). Established thresholds for moderate intensity (46-63  % of VO2max) ranged from 669-3367 and 834-4048 CPM and vigorous intensity (64-90  % of VO2max) from 1625-4868 and 2012-5423CPM, for @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. Lastly, we used this evidence to derive a formula that predicts customized relative intensity of PA (either VO2max% or HRmax%) using counts-per-minute values as input. CONCLUSION: Intensity-thresholds depend on VO2max, gender and Actigraph-axis. PA intensity-thresholds that take all these factors into account allow for more accurate relative intensity  PA assessment in the elderly and will be useful in future PA research. TRIAL REGISTRATION: (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02017847 , registered 17. December 2013).

title: New relative intensity ambulatory accelerometer thresholds for elderly @entity0 and XXXX : the Generation 100 study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The proliferation pattern of some scattered clones of naturally occurring follicular cells with an exceedingly high intrinsic growth potential was investigated in the @entity0 thyroid gland. In particular, evidence was sought to demonstrate that the high propensity to replicate is a stable trait transmitted from the progenitor cells to their offspring. We hypothesize that these cell clones are at the origin of the multiple @entity2 that invariably arise in chronically stimulated thyroid. Growth stimulation was induced either by hemithyroidectomy or by @entity5 feeding. In a first series of experiments, involving hemithyroidectomized animals, @entity3 was administered continuously for 3 weeks by means of osmotic minipumps, so that all cells entering the mitotic cycle during that time were labeled. Hemithyroidectomy led to a 3-fold increase of the fraction of labeled cells in the remaining lobe. The increase was prevented by @entity4 treatment in thyroid-stimulating hormone-suppressing doses. Autoradiographs of contiguous serial sections across whole follicles showed that roughly 75% of the labeled cells were clustered in groups of 3 or more, rather than being randomly distributed. In a second set of experiments, glands stimulated by @entity5 -induced thyroid-stimulating hormone hypersecretion were pulse-labeled by a single i.p. injection of @entity3 . Animals were sacrificed either 2 h or 3 weeks after the administration of the label. The thyroids were excised and the fate of labeled thyroid cells was analyzed autoradiographically. In the 2-h exposure, about 95% of all labeled follicular cells were single and the remaining 5% were in pairs. In contrast, about 50% of all labeled cells were clustered in groups of 3 to 12 cells 3 weeks after the pulse labeling. The number of @entity1 grains per nucleus was compared to that of the identically exposed controls. The intensity of label per cell appeared to be decreased in proportion to the size of the labeled clusters, indicating that clusters had generated several subsequent generations of cells. The results support previously produced evidence that highly growth-prone cells naturally occur within the normal thyroid and demonstrate, in addition, that their high intrinsic growth rate is a stable, inheritable trait. Cells which replicate at a rate faster than that of the average epithelial cell have a tendency to overgrow during goitrogenesis. They may be at the very origin of the nodules and @entity2 commonly found in experimentally produced and naturally occurring @entity6 .

title: Naturally occurring clones of cells with high intrinsic proliferation potential within the follicular epithelium of XXXX thyroids.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 is one of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that have been shown to selectively lower pathogenic amyloid beta-peptide (Ab)42 without impairing overall y-secretase activity in vitro. This y-secretase modulator (GSM) activity has been hypothesized to contribute to the reduction in risk of developing @entity1 in chronic users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, it is unclear whether @entity2 , within therapeutic dosing range, demonstrates GSM activity in @entity0 . In this study, we evaluated the effects of @entity2 and a second-generation GSM, @entity4 , on Ab levels in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of young nonhuman primates and @entity0 . METHODS: Five to seven conscious @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were nontreated or treated with 30 mg/kg @entity4 or 50 or 100 mg/kg @entity2 and the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were sampled at -8, 0 (baseline or right before treatment), 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 h postdosing. In addition, sixteen healthy @entity0 subjects were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 800 mg @entity2 given by intravenous administration and plasma were collected at 0 (before drug infusion), 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 24 h after dosing. RESULTS: A single dose of @entity4 (30 mg/kg) decreased the ratio of Ab42 to Ab40 to 60% in plasma and the ratio of Ab42 to total Ab to 65% in cerebrospinal fluid from baseline to postdosing in monkeys. However, no significant changes were detected following @entity2 treatment at 100 mg/kg. Consistent with the results from nonhuman primates, @entity2 did not alter plasma Ab levels in @entity0 volunteers after a single 800 mg dose. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 exerted potent lowering of the ratio of Ab42 to Ab40 in nonhuman primates but the hypothesized GSM activity of @entity2 could not be demonstrated in nonhuman primates and @entity0 after acute dosing.

title: Modulation of Ab42 in vivo by y-secretase modulator in primates and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Phrenic nerve transfer is a major dynamic treatment used to repair brachial plexus root @entity3 . We analyzed 72 relevant articles on phrenic nerve transfer to repair injured brachial plexus that were indexed by Science Citation Index. The keywords searched were @entity5 , phrenic nerve, repair, surgery, protection, nerve transfer, and nerve graft. In addition, we performed neurophysiological analysis of the @entity4 and prognosis of 10 @entity0 undergoing @entity2 in our hospital from 2008 to 201 3 and observed the electromyograms of the biceps brachii and motor conduction function of the musculocutaneous nerve. Clinically, approximately 28% of @entity0 had @entity5 combined with phrenic @entity1 , and injured phrenic nerve cannot be used as a nerve graft. After phrenic nerve transfer to the musculocutaneous nerve, the regenerated potentials first appeared at 3 months. Recovery of motor unit action potential occurred 6 months later and became more apparent at 12 months. The percent of @entity0 recovering 'excellent' and 'good' muscle strength in the biceps brachii was 80% after 18 months. At 12 months after surgery, motor nerve conduction potential appeared in the musculocutaneous nerve in seven cases. These data suggest that preoperative evaluation of phrenic nerve function may help identify the most appropriate nerve graft in @entity0 with an injured brachial plexus. The functional recovery of a transplanted nerve can be dynamically observed after the surgery.

title: @entity2 for the repair of XXXX : electrophysiological characteristics.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Phrenic nerve transfer is a major dynamic treatment used to repair brachial plexus root @entity3 . We analyzed 72 relevant articles on phrenic nerve transfer to repair injured brachial plexus that were indexed by Science Citation Index. The keywords searched were @entity5 , phrenic nerve, repair, surgery, protection, nerve transfer, and nerve graft. In addition, we performed neurophysiological analysis of the @entity4 and prognosis of 10 @entity0 undergoing @entity2 in our hospital from 2008 to 201 3 and observed the electromyograms of the biceps brachii and motor conduction function of the musculocutaneous nerve. Clinically, approximately 28% of @entity0 had @entity5 combined with phrenic @entity1 , and injured phrenic nerve cannot be used as a nerve graft. After phrenic nerve transfer to the musculocutaneous nerve, the regenerated potentials first appeared at 3 months. Recovery of motor unit action potential occurred 6 months later and became more apparent at 12 months. The percent of @entity0 recovering 'excellent' and 'good' muscle strength in the biceps brachii was 80% after 18 months. At 12 months after surgery, motor nerve conduction potential appeared in the musculocutaneous nerve in seven cases. These data suggest that preoperative evaluation of phrenic nerve function may help identify the most appropriate nerve graft in @entity0 with an injured brachial plexus. The functional recovery of a transplanted nerve can be dynamically observed after the surgery.

title: XXXX for the repair of @entity5 : electrophysiological characteristics.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Estrogenic regulation of gene expression involves interaction of the hormone with its receptors, which undergo structural and conformational changes to interact with specific DNA sequences. @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 , are ubiquitous cellular components. We studied the effects of these @entity3 on @entity0 uterine @entity1 receptors by @entity2 gradient centrifugation and ligand dissociation kinetics. The native 7S receptor converted to a 9S-10S form in the presence of 100 microM @entity6 or @entity5 . Higher concentrations caused precipitation of the receptor. This precipitation was reduced by RNase treatment of the receptor. RNase-treated receptors sedimented at 4S and 7S regions of @entity2 gradient. The dissociation rate constant (k) of the 4S receptor is 2.8 X 10(-3) min-1 in the presence of 1 mM @entity6 , compared to a control value of 7.7 X 10(-3) min-1. Similar effects were observed with @entity4 and @entity5 . The dissociation of the RNase-treated 7S receptor was biphasic, with about 50% of the receptors dissociating at a faster rate (k1 = 40 X 10(-3) min-1) than the other half (k2 = 7.4 X 10(-3) min-1). @entity6 (1 mM) caused a 2-fold reduction in k2, whereas k1 was not affected. This study shows that @entity3 affect the structural organization and ligand dissociation kinetics of @entity1 -receptor complexes.

title: Structural alterations and stabilization of @entity0 uterine @entity1 receptors by natural XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Estrogenic regulation of gene expression involves interaction of the hormone with its receptors, which undergo structural and conformational changes to interact with specific DNA sequences. @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 , are ubiquitous cellular components. We studied the effects of these @entity3 on @entity0 uterine @entity1 receptors by @entity2 gradient centrifugation and ligand dissociation kinetics. The native 7S receptor converted to a 9S-10S form in the presence of 100 microM @entity6 or @entity5 . Higher concentrations caused precipitation of the receptor. This precipitation was reduced by RNase treatment of the receptor. RNase-treated receptors sedimented at 4S and 7S regions of @entity2 gradient. The dissociation rate constant (k) of the 4S receptor is 2.8 X 10(-3) min-1 in the presence of 1 mM @entity6 , compared to a control value of 7.7 X 10(-3) min-1. Similar effects were observed with @entity4 and @entity5 . The dissociation of the RNase-treated 7S receptor was biphasic, with about 50% of the receptors dissociating at a faster rate (k1 = 40 X 10(-3) min-1) than the other half (k2 = 7.4 X 10(-3) min-1). @entity6 (1 mM) caused a 2-fold reduction in k2, whereas k1 was not affected. This study shows that @entity3 affect the structural organization and ligand dissociation kinetics of @entity1 -receptor complexes.

title: Structural alterations and stabilization of XXXX uterine @entity1 receptors by natural @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Estrogenic regulation of gene expression involves interaction of the hormone with its receptors, which undergo structural and conformational changes to interact with specific DNA sequences. @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 , are ubiquitous cellular components. We studied the effects of these @entity3 on @entity0 uterine @entity1 receptors by @entity2 gradient centrifugation and ligand dissociation kinetics. The native 7S receptor converted to a 9S-10S form in the presence of 100 microM @entity6 or @entity5 . Higher concentrations caused precipitation of the receptor. This precipitation was reduced by RNase treatment of the receptor. RNase-treated receptors sedimented at 4S and 7S regions of @entity2 gradient. The dissociation rate constant (k) of the 4S receptor is 2.8 X 10(-3) min-1 in the presence of 1 mM @entity6 , compared to a control value of 7.7 X 10(-3) min-1. Similar effects were observed with @entity4 and @entity5 . The dissociation of the RNase-treated 7S receptor was biphasic, with about 50% of the receptors dissociating at a faster rate (k1 = 40 X 10(-3) min-1) than the other half (k2 = 7.4 X 10(-3) min-1). @entity6 (1 mM) caused a 2-fold reduction in k2, whereas k1 was not affected. This study shows that @entity3 affect the structural organization and ligand dissociation kinetics of @entity1 -receptor complexes.

title: Structural alterations and stabilization of @entity0 uterine XXXX receptors by natural @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Six isolates of @entity6 were isolated from leaves and stems of different @entity1 varieties taken from four areas in the northwest of Algeria where @entity1 is mostly grown in greenhouses and high tunnels. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of two salts, @entity4 and @entity7 , on three stages of @entity6 's life cycle. All isolates tested were stimulated in 50 to 150   ppm; @entity4 was the most effective treatment to increase mycelial growth at two tested concentrations. However, at 300   ppm concentration, @entity7 completely inhibited the growth of mycelium; they reach 34.78% for the isolate TR46 and 26.72% for isolate F27. The @entity2 and @entity0 salts stimulated conidia production in liquid culture. We noticed that the effect of @entity5 on sporulation was average while @entity3 . In the medium containing 50   ppm, @entity5 and @entity3 increased the germination capacity of most isolates compared with the control. Other @entity0 salts, at 100 or 300   ppm, decreased the germination percentage of the conidia. With the exception of @entity2 salts, the inhibitions of germination reduce at 150 or 300 compared with the control. Conidial germination was slightly inhibited by @entity3 only when the concentration was over 300   ppm.

title: Effects of Two Salts Compounds on Mycelial Growth, Sporulation, and Spore Germination of Six Isolates of XXXX in the Western North of Algeria.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Blood @entity4 levels are increasingly used to monitor @entity0 . @entity1 are frequently administered to critically ill @entity0 . However, the effect of @entity1 on @entity4 levels has not been adequately investigated. We studied the effect of a single intraoperative high dose of @entity3 on @entity4 and @entity2 levels in @entity0 undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: The @entity3 for Cardiac Surgery (DECS) trial was a multicenter randomized trial on the effect of @entity3 1 mg/kg versus placebo on clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery in adults. Here we report a pre-planned secondary analysis of data from DECS trial @entity0 included at the University Medical Center Groningen. The use of a computer-assisted @entity2 regulation protocol-- @entity2 Regulation for Intensive care @entity0 (GRIP)--was part of routine postoperative care. GRIP aimed at @entity2 levels of 4 to 8 mmol/L. Primary outcome parameters were area under the @entity4 and @entity2 curves over the first 15 hours of ICU stay (AUC      ). ICU length of stay and mortality were observed as well. RESULTS: The primary outcome could be determined in 497 @entity0 of the 500 included @entity0 . During the first 15 hours of ICU stay, @entity4 and @entity2 levels were significantly higher in the @entity3 group than in the placebo group: @entity4 AUC       25.8 (13.1) versus 19.9 (11.2) mmol/L   *   hour, P <0.001 and @entity2 AUC       126.5 (13.0) versus 114.4 (13.9) mmol/L   *   hour, P <0.001. In this period, @entity0 in the @entity3 group required twice as much insulin compared with @entity0 who had received placebo. Multivariate and cross-correlation analyses suggest that the effect of @entity3 on @entity4 levels is related to preceding increased @entity2 levels. @entity0 in the placebo group were more likely to stay in the ICU for more than 24 hours (39.2%) compared with @entity0 in the @entity3 group (25.0%, P   =   0.001), and 30-day mortality rates were 1.6% and 2.4%, respectively (P   =   0.759). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative high-dose @entity3 increased postoperative @entity4 and @entity2 levels in the first 15 hours of ICU stay. Still, @entity0 in the @entity3 group had a shorter ICU length of stay and similar mortality compared with controls. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00293592 . Registered 16 February 2006.

title: Effect of high-dose @entity3 on perioperative XXXX levels and @entity2 control: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Blood @entity4 levels are increasingly used to monitor @entity0 . @entity1 are frequently administered to critically ill @entity0 . However, the effect of @entity1 on @entity4 levels has not been adequately investigated. We studied the effect of a single intraoperative high dose of @entity3 on @entity4 and @entity2 levels in @entity0 undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: The @entity3 for Cardiac Surgery (DECS) trial was a multicenter randomized trial on the effect of @entity3 1 mg/kg versus placebo on clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery in adults. Here we report a pre-planned secondary analysis of data from DECS trial @entity0 included at the University Medical Center Groningen. The use of a computer-assisted @entity2 regulation protocol-- @entity2 Regulation for Intensive care @entity0 (GRIP)--was part of routine postoperative care. GRIP aimed at @entity2 levels of 4 to 8 mmol/L. Primary outcome parameters were area under the @entity4 and @entity2 curves over the first 15 hours of ICU stay (AUC      ). ICU length of stay and mortality were observed as well. RESULTS: The primary outcome could be determined in 497 @entity0 of the 500 included @entity0 . During the first 15 hours of ICU stay, @entity4 and @entity2 levels were significantly higher in the @entity3 group than in the placebo group: @entity4 AUC       25.8 (13.1) versus 19.9 (11.2) mmol/L   *   hour, P <0.001 and @entity2 AUC       126.5 (13.0) versus 114.4 (13.9) mmol/L   *   hour, P <0.001. In this period, @entity0 in the @entity3 group required twice as much insulin compared with @entity0 who had received placebo. Multivariate and cross-correlation analyses suggest that the effect of @entity3 on @entity4 levels is related to preceding increased @entity2 levels. @entity0 in the placebo group were more likely to stay in the ICU for more than 24 hours (39.2%) compared with @entity0 in the @entity3 group (25.0%, P   =   0.001), and 30-day mortality rates were 1.6% and 2.4%, respectively (P   =   0.759). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative high-dose @entity3 increased postoperative @entity4 and @entity2 levels in the first 15 hours of ICU stay. Still, @entity0 in the @entity3 group had a shorter ICU length of stay and similar mortality compared with controls. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00293592 . Registered 16 February 2006.

title: Effect of high-dose XXXX on perioperative @entity4 levels and @entity2 control: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Blood @entity4 levels are increasingly used to monitor @entity0 . @entity1 are frequently administered to critically ill @entity0 . However, the effect of @entity1 on @entity4 levels has not been adequately investigated. We studied the effect of a single intraoperative high dose of @entity3 on @entity4 and @entity2 levels in @entity0 undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: The @entity3 for Cardiac Surgery (DECS) trial was a multicenter randomized trial on the effect of @entity3 1 mg/kg versus placebo on clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery in adults. Here we report a pre-planned secondary analysis of data from DECS trial @entity0 included at the University Medical Center Groningen. The use of a computer-assisted @entity2 regulation protocol-- @entity2 Regulation for Intensive care @entity0 (GRIP)--was part of routine postoperative care. GRIP aimed at @entity2 levels of 4 to 8 mmol/L. Primary outcome parameters were area under the @entity4 and @entity2 curves over the first 15 hours of ICU stay (AUC      ). ICU length of stay and mortality were observed as well. RESULTS: The primary outcome could be determined in 497 @entity0 of the 500 included @entity0 . During the first 15 hours of ICU stay, @entity4 and @entity2 levels were significantly higher in the @entity3 group than in the placebo group: @entity4 AUC       25.8 (13.1) versus 19.9 (11.2) mmol/L   *   hour, P <0.001 and @entity2 AUC       126.5 (13.0) versus 114.4 (13.9) mmol/L   *   hour, P <0.001. In this period, @entity0 in the @entity3 group required twice as much insulin compared with @entity0 who had received placebo. Multivariate and cross-correlation analyses suggest that the effect of @entity3 on @entity4 levels is related to preceding increased @entity2 levels. @entity0 in the placebo group were more likely to stay in the ICU for more than 24 hours (39.2%) compared with @entity0 in the @entity3 group (25.0%, P   =   0.001), and 30-day mortality rates were 1.6% and 2.4%, respectively (P   =   0.759). CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative high-dose @entity3 increased postoperative @entity4 and @entity2 levels in the first 15 hours of ICU stay. Still, @entity0 in the @entity3 group had a shorter ICU length of stay and similar mortality compared with controls. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00293592 . Registered 16 February 2006.

title: Effect of high-dose @entity3 on perioperative @entity4 levels and XXXX control: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite improvements in pre-hospital and post-arrest critical care, @entity3 ( @entity4 ) remains one of the leading causes of @entity1 . Improving circulation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may improve survival rates and long-term clinical outcomes after @entity4 . METHODS: In a porcine model, we compared standard CPR (sCPR; n =10) with CPR using an intravascular cardiac assist device without additional chest compressions (iCPR; n =10) following 10  minutes of electrically induced @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In a separate crossover experiment, 10 additional @entity5 were subjected to 10  minutes of @entity6 and 6  minutes of sCPR; the iCPR device was then implanted if a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was not achieved using sCPR. Animals were evaluated in respect to intra- and post-arrest hemodynamics, survival, functional outcome and cerebral and @entity2 following CPR. We hypothesized that iCPR would result in more frequent ROSC and better functional recovery than sCPR. RESULTS: iCPR produced a mean flow of 1.36        0.02  L/min, leading to significantly higher coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) values during the early period of CPR (22        10  mmHg vs. 9        5  mmHg, P  <=0.01, 1  minute after start of CPR; 20        11  mmHg vs. 10        7  mmHg, P =0.03, 2  minutes after start of CPR), resulting in high ROSC rates (100% in iCPR vs. 50% in sCPR animals; P =0.03). iCPR animals showed significantly lower serum S100 levels at 10 and 30  minutes following ROSC (3.5        0.6  ng/ml vs. 7.4        3.0  ng/ml 30  minutes after ROSC; P  <=0.01), as well as superior clinical outcomes based on overall performance categories (2.9        1.0 vs. 4.6        0.8 on day 1; P  <=0.01). In crossover experiments, 80% of animals required treatment with iCPR after failed sCPR. Notably, ROSC was still achieved in six of the remaining eight animals (75%) after a total of 22.8        5.1  minutes of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: In a model of prolonged @entity4 , the use of iCPR instead of sCPR improved CPP and doubled ROSC rates, translating into improved clinical outcomes.

title: Doubling survival and improving clinical outcomes using a left ventricular assist device instead of chest compressions for resuscitation after prolonged XXXX : a large animal study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To evaluate the utility of nude @entity2 xenografts as preclinical drug screens, the activity of ten established chemotherapeutic agents was evaluated against seven @entity4 and three @entity3 xenografts. Xenografts were established using primary explants from @entity0 who had not received chemotherapy and serially passaged as sc @entity1 in @entity2 . In vivo drug activities for @entity13 , @entity11 , @entity15 , @entity12 , @entity14 , @entity6 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity5 , and @entity10 were evaluated by 4 weekly ip injections of 10% less than LD10 doses. Plots of relative @entity1 growth versus time were nearly log-linear. Analysis of in vivo activity was performed using percent control growth (treated/control @entity1 volume) and by calculation of a novel growth delay index obtained by fitting growth curves to a quadratic regression model. Both modes of data analysis identified alkylating agents ( @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity7 ) as the most active drugs against @entity0 @entity4 . @entity12 , @entity7 , and @entity6 showed the greatest activity against ovarian xenografts. However, complete @entity1 regressions were noted only with @entity12 , @entity7 , and @entity6 against a single @entity3 xenograft. Correlation analysis suggested xenograft @entity1 growth rate was an important determinant of drug response. These results suggest that preclinical, new-drug screening with @entity4 xenografts would identify drugs such as alkylating agents as active, and may not provide an advantage over @entity2 @entity9 screens. However, screening with ovarian xenografts may more closely reflect clinical drug activity. Criteria for detecting active drugs in such systems are discussed.

title: Use of nude @entity2 xenografts as preclinical drug screens: in vivo activity of established chemotherapeutic agents against XXXX and @entity3 xenografts.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To evaluate the utility of nude @entity2 xenografts as preclinical drug screens, the activity of ten established chemotherapeutic agents was evaluated against seven @entity4 and three @entity3 xenografts. Xenografts were established using primary explants from @entity0 who had not received chemotherapy and serially passaged as sc @entity1 in @entity2 . In vivo drug activities for @entity13 , @entity11 , @entity15 , @entity12 , @entity14 , @entity6 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity5 , and @entity10 were evaluated by 4 weekly ip injections of 10% less than LD10 doses. Plots of relative @entity1 growth versus time were nearly log-linear. Analysis of in vivo activity was performed using percent control growth (treated/control @entity1 volume) and by calculation of a novel growth delay index obtained by fitting growth curves to a quadratic regression model. Both modes of data analysis identified alkylating agents ( @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity7 ) as the most active drugs against @entity0 @entity4 . @entity12 , @entity7 , and @entity6 showed the greatest activity against ovarian xenografts. However, complete @entity1 regressions were noted only with @entity12 , @entity7 , and @entity6 against a single @entity3 xenograft. Correlation analysis suggested xenograft @entity1 growth rate was an important determinant of drug response. These results suggest that preclinical, new-drug screening with @entity4 xenografts would identify drugs such as alkylating agents as active, and may not provide an advantage over @entity2 @entity9 screens. However, screening with ovarian xenografts may more closely reflect clinical drug activity. Criteria for detecting active drugs in such systems are discussed.

title: Use of nude @entity2 xenografts as preclinical drug screens: in vivo activity of established chemotherapeutic agents against @entity4 and XXXX xenografts.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To evaluate the utility of nude @entity2 xenografts as preclinical drug screens, the activity of ten established chemotherapeutic agents was evaluated against seven @entity4 and three @entity3 xenografts. Xenografts were established using primary explants from @entity0 who had not received chemotherapy and serially passaged as sc @entity1 in @entity2 . In vivo drug activities for @entity13 , @entity11 , @entity15 , @entity12 , @entity14 , @entity6 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity5 , and @entity10 were evaluated by 4 weekly ip injections of 10% less than LD10 doses. Plots of relative @entity1 growth versus time were nearly log-linear. Analysis of in vivo activity was performed using percent control growth (treated/control @entity1 volume) and by calculation of a novel growth delay index obtained by fitting growth curves to a quadratic regression model. Both modes of data analysis identified alkylating agents ( @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity7 ) as the most active drugs against @entity0 @entity4 . @entity12 , @entity7 , and @entity6 showed the greatest activity against ovarian xenografts. However, complete @entity1 regressions were noted only with @entity12 , @entity7 , and @entity6 against a single @entity3 xenograft. Correlation analysis suggested xenograft @entity1 growth rate was an important determinant of drug response. These results suggest that preclinical, new-drug screening with @entity4 xenografts would identify drugs such as alkylating agents as active, and may not provide an advantage over @entity2 @entity9 screens. However, screening with ovarian xenografts may more closely reflect clinical drug activity. Criteria for detecting active drugs in such systems are discussed.

title: Use of nude XXXX xenografts as preclinical drug screens: in vivo activity of established chemotherapeutic agents against @entity4 and @entity3 xenografts.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 induced by @entity9 ( @entity9 ) has gained much attention. However, very limited numbers of studies have focused on the clinical significance of TG elevation in non- @entity9 induced @entity5 , such as @entity4 ( @entity4 ). This study aimed to study the clinical significances of @entity3 (TG) elevation in @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 426 @entity4 cases in our research center. According to the highest TG level within 72 h of disease onset, the @entity0 were divided into a normal TG group and an elevated TG group. We analyzed the differences between the two groups of @entity0 in aspects such as general information, disease severity, @entity8 (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II) and Ranson scores, inflammatory cytokines, complications and prognosis. RESULTS: Compared with the normal TG group, @entity0 in the elevated TG group showed a significantly higher body mass index and were significantly younger. TG elevation at the early stage of @entity4 was associated with higher risk of severe @entity5 and @entity6 , especially @entity7 . For @entity0 with severe @entity5 , those with elevated TG levels were more likely to have a larger area of @entity1 , and higher incidence of @entity5 as well as higher mortality (17.78% versus 9.80%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity4 @entity0 , TG elevation might participate in the aggravation of @entity5 and the occurrence of @entity2 . Thus, the TG level may serve as an important indicator to determine the prognosis of @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Clinical significance of serum XXXX elevation at early stage of @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 induced by @entity9 ( @entity9 ) has gained much attention. However, very limited numbers of studies have focused on the clinical significance of TG elevation in non- @entity9 induced @entity5 , such as @entity4 ( @entity4 ). This study aimed to study the clinical significances of @entity3 (TG) elevation in @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 426 @entity4 cases in our research center. According to the highest TG level within 72 h of disease onset, the @entity0 were divided into a normal TG group and an elevated TG group. We analyzed the differences between the two groups of @entity0 in aspects such as general information, disease severity, @entity8 (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II) and Ranson scores, inflammatory cytokines, complications and prognosis. RESULTS: Compared with the normal TG group, @entity0 in the elevated TG group showed a significantly higher body mass index and were significantly younger. TG elevation at the early stage of @entity4 was associated with higher risk of severe @entity5 and @entity6 , especially @entity7 . For @entity0 with severe @entity5 , those with elevated TG levels were more likely to have a larger area of @entity1 , and higher incidence of @entity5 as well as higher mortality (17.78% versus 9.80%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity4 @entity0 , TG elevation might participate in the aggravation of @entity5 and the occurrence of @entity2 . Thus, the TG level may serve as an important indicator to determine the prognosis of @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Clinical significance of serum @entity3 elevation at early stage of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate factors influencing @entity0 ' self-management of urgent @entity1 problems that precipitated unscheduled hospital care. BACKGROUND: @entity1 is placing increasing resource demands on health services and current policy advocates management in primary care and community settings whenever possible. Such policy has implications for @entity0 education and empowerment and on mechanisms within primary and community care to support the management of @entity1 when urgent healthcare problems arise. DESIGN: Qualitative, descriptive investigation, across two contrasting sites. METHODS: Forty-five @entity0 admitted to hospital for urgent/emergency care due to @entity1 were recruited from urban and rural localities in the UK. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and data analysed using nvivo version 8 and framework techniques. RESULTS: Self-management of @entity1 was typically habitual, and urgent problems that proved difficult to resolve necessitated recourse to unscheduled hospital care. Though skills relating to problem-solving, decision-making, resource use and formation of @entity0 -provider partnerships were evident among some @entity0 , these required further development. Evidence of action planning or self-tailoring skills was sparse. CONCLUSIONS: Education plays an important role in assisting individuals to self-manage their @entity1 on a daily basis, but urgent, unexpected health problems proved challenging for both @entity0 and health service providers. A greater focus on empowering @entity0 with core self-management skills is required to enhance ability to successfully manage unexpected @entity1 complications, coupled with enhanced primary care resources, particularly out-of-hours. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The importance of informal and structured @entity1 education should not be underestimated; however, the challenge of improving skills such as problem-solving to manage urgent healthcare needs must be tackled. This study provokes debate regarding how best to deliver appropriate education and health services to cover urgent unscheduled care needs without automatically referring to emergency department hospital care.

title: 'Well, who do I phone?' Preparing for urgent care: a challenge for XXXX and service providers alike'.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Differentiating @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from @entity2 ( @entity2 ) remains a major clinical challenge. The identification of neurobiological markers may help to differentiate these disorders, particularly during @entity2 episodes. This cross-sectional study, including 33 @entity0 with @entity2 , 33 @entity0 with @entity1 , and 34 healthy controls, is one of the first to directly compare @entity2 and @entity1 with respect to reward processing. A card-guessing paradigm was employed and brain activity associated with reward processing was investigated by means of fMRI. A 3 (group) * 2 (condition: reward>control, loss>control) ANOVA was conducted using the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) as ROI. Furthermore, a whole-brain approach was applied. A functional connectivity analysis was performed to characterize diagnosis-related alterations in the functional coupling between the NAcc and other brain areas. The ANOVA revealed higher activity for healthy controls (HCs) than for @entity1 and @entity2 in the NAcc during reward processing. Moreover, @entity2 showed a higher functional connectivity between the NAcc and the VTA than HC. The @entity0 groups could be differentiated in that @entity1 showed a decreased activation, in the reward condition, of the NAcc, caudate nucleus, thalamus, putamen, insula, and prefrontal areas compared with @entity2 . These results may help to refine the understanding of neural correlates of reward processing in both disorders, and to understand the neural underpinnings of @entity3 , a core symptom of @entity2 episodes.

title: Reward Processing in XXXX : A Functional MRI Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data on treatment outcome and prognostic factors in @entity0 with metastatic soft tissue @entity2 (STS) are limited in the literature. METHODS: A total of 119 @entity0 with metastatic STS treated between June 2003 and December 2012 were analyzed for treatment outcome and prognostic factors. RESULTS: Median age was 37 years (range 2-72 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Most common histologic subtypes were @entity3 (36 %) and @entity4 (16 %). Median @entity1 size was 12 cm (range 1.6-30 cm). Twenty-four (20 %) @entity0 were treated with multimodality therapy and 80 % @entity0 received systemic chemotherapy alone. At a median follow-up of 10 months (range 1-66 months), the 2-year EFS and @entity5 were 10 and 19 %, respectively, with a median EFS and @entity5 of 6 and 10 months, respectively. Univariate analysis identified albumin  <=4 g/dl (p = 0.001), histologic subtypes other than @entity3 (p = 0.02), @entity1 (p = 0.03) and single modality treatment (p = 0.03) as factors predicting poor EFS; however, for @entity5 , hemoglobin  <=10 g/dl (p = 0.02), @entity1 size >10 cm (p = 0.01) and single modality treatment (p = 0.04) were identified as poor prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis identified only serum albumin  <=4 g/dl (p = 0.002, HR 0.47, 95 % CI 0.29-0.75) associated with poor EFS; however, for @entity5 , hemoglobin  <=10 g/dl (p = 0.009, HR 0.49, 95 % CI 0.29-0.83), @entity1 size >10 cm (p = 0.003, HR 2.11, 95 % CI 1.28-3.47) and single modality treatment (p = 0.01, HR 0.47, 95 % CI 0.25-0.86) emerged as poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Serum albumin, @entity1 size, hemoglobin and treatment modality affect survival in metastatic STS.

title: Prognostic factors affecting survival in metastatic soft tissue XXXX : an analysis of 110 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data on treatment outcome and prognostic factors in @entity0 with metastatic soft tissue @entity2 (STS) are limited in the literature. METHODS: A total of 119 @entity0 with metastatic STS treated between June 2003 and December 2012 were analyzed for treatment outcome and prognostic factors. RESULTS: Median age was 37 years (range 2-72 years) with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Most common histologic subtypes were @entity3 (36 %) and @entity4 (16 %). Median @entity1 size was 12 cm (range 1.6-30 cm). Twenty-four (20 %) @entity0 were treated with multimodality therapy and 80 % @entity0 received systemic chemotherapy alone. At a median follow-up of 10 months (range 1-66 months), the 2-year EFS and @entity5 were 10 and 19 %, respectively, with a median EFS and @entity5 of 6 and 10 months, respectively. Univariate analysis identified albumin  <=4 g/dl (p = 0.001), histologic subtypes other than @entity3 (p = 0.02), @entity1 (p = 0.03) and single modality treatment (p = 0.03) as factors predicting poor EFS; however, for @entity5 , hemoglobin  <=10 g/dl (p = 0.02), @entity1 size >10 cm (p = 0.01) and single modality treatment (p = 0.04) were identified as poor prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis identified only serum albumin  <=4 g/dl (p = 0.002, HR 0.47, 95 % CI 0.29-0.75) associated with poor EFS; however, for @entity5 , hemoglobin  <=10 g/dl (p = 0.009, HR 0.49, 95 % CI 0.29-0.83), @entity1 size >10 cm (p = 0.003, HR 2.11, 95 % CI 1.28-3.47) and single modality treatment (p = 0.01, HR 0.47, 95 % CI 0.25-0.86) emerged as poor prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Serum albumin, @entity1 size, hemoglobin and treatment modality affect survival in metastatic STS.

title: Prognostic factors affecting survival in metastatic soft tissue @entity2 : an analysis of 110 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate aqueous flare change patterns in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) following intravitreal application of @entity2 implant. To evaluate the correlations between @entity3 ( @entity3 ), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and aqueous flare values. METHODS: This prospective, interventional pilot study included 40 eyes of 40 @entity0 with macular @entity1 associated with @entity4 . All @entity0 received intravitreal injection of @entity2 implant at baseline visit. Full ophthalmologic examination, @entity3 and aqueous flare measurements were performed prior to injection and repeated at months 1, 3, and 5. Aqueous flare, BCVA and @entity3 changes between visits were assessed. Further statistical analysis was performed to investigate correlations between these three parameters. RESULTS: The @entity0 consist of 23 (57.5%) @entity0 and 17 (42.5%) @entity0 with a mean age of 65.7        6.2 years. Of the 40 eyes, 24 (60%) had @entity4 and 16 (40%) had central @entity4 . BCVA (log   MAR) was significantly correlated with aqueous flare at each visit (r   =   0.436, p      =   0.005; r   =   0.349, p   =   0.027; r   =   0.357, p   =   0.024; r   =   0.551, p   =   0.000, respectively). Flare values were also correlated with @entity3 measurements in 3rd and 5th months (r   =   0.324, p   =   0.042; r   =   0.556, p   =   0.000, respectively). Comparing the percentage change in @entity3 and flare values over time, the change in @entity3 from baseline to 3rd and 5th months (r   =   0.441, p   =   0.004, r   =   0.448, p   =   0.004), from 1st month to 3rd and 5th months (r   =   0.441, p   =   0.004; r   =   0.461, p   =   0.003) and from 3rd month to 5th month were directly correlated with aqueous flare changes (r   =   0.584, p   =   0.000). Twenty-two eyes (55%) required second @entity2 implant application at 5th month. CONCLUSION: Considering the inflammatory base of @entity4 , @entity2 implants effectively decreased the flare values in the anterior chamber. The @entity3 change was directly correlated with aqueous flare values.

title: Aqueous Flare as an Indicator of Response to XXXX Treatment in @entity4 : A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate aqueous flare change patterns in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) following intravitreal application of @entity2 implant. To evaluate the correlations between @entity3 ( @entity3 ), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and aqueous flare values. METHODS: This prospective, interventional pilot study included 40 eyes of 40 @entity0 with macular @entity1 associated with @entity4 . All @entity0 received intravitreal injection of @entity2 implant at baseline visit. Full ophthalmologic examination, @entity3 and aqueous flare measurements were performed prior to injection and repeated at months 1, 3, and 5. Aqueous flare, BCVA and @entity3 changes between visits were assessed. Further statistical analysis was performed to investigate correlations between these three parameters. RESULTS: The @entity0 consist of 23 (57.5%) @entity0 and 17 (42.5%) @entity0 with a mean age of 65.7        6.2 years. Of the 40 eyes, 24 (60%) had @entity4 and 16 (40%) had central @entity4 . BCVA (log   MAR) was significantly correlated with aqueous flare at each visit (r   =   0.436, p      =   0.005; r   =   0.349, p   =   0.027; r   =   0.357, p   =   0.024; r   =   0.551, p   =   0.000, respectively). Flare values were also correlated with @entity3 measurements in 3rd and 5th months (r   =   0.324, p   =   0.042; r   =   0.556, p   =   0.000, respectively). Comparing the percentage change in @entity3 and flare values over time, the change in @entity3 from baseline to 3rd and 5th months (r   =   0.441, p   =   0.004, r   =   0.448, p   =   0.004), from 1st month to 3rd and 5th months (r   =   0.441, p   =   0.004; r   =   0.461, p   =   0.003) and from 3rd month to 5th month were directly correlated with aqueous flare changes (r   =   0.584, p   =   0.000). Twenty-two eyes (55%) required second @entity2 implant application at 5th month. CONCLUSION: Considering the inflammatory base of @entity4 , @entity2 implants effectively decreased the flare values in the anterior chamber. The @entity3 change was directly correlated with aqueous flare values.

title: Aqueous Flare as an Indicator of Response to @entity2 Treatment in XXXX : A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that prehospital care teams that can provide advanced prehospital interventions may decrease the transit time through the @entity3 to CT scan and subsequent surgery. This study is an exploratory analysis of data from the @entity2 Retrieval Trial (HIRT) examining the relationship between prehospital team type and time intervals during the prehospital and @entity3 phases of management. METHODS: Three prehospital care models were compared; road paramedics, and two physician staffed @entity1 ( @entity1 ) - HIRT @entity1 and the Greater Sydney Area (GSA) @entity1 . Data on prehospital and @entity3 time intervals for @entity0 who were randomised into the HIRT were extracted from the trial database. Additionally, data on interventions at the scene and in the @entity3 , plus prehospital entrapment rate was also extracted. Subgroups of @entity0 that were not trapped or who were intubated at the scene were also specifically examined. RESULTS: A total of 3125 incidents were randomised in the trial yielding 505 cases with significant injury that were treated by road paramedics, 302 @entity0 treated by the HIRT @entity1 and 45 @entity0 treated by GSA @entity1 . The total time from emergency call to CT scan was non-significantly faster in the HIRT @entity1 group compared with road paramedics (medians of 1.9 hours vs. 2.1 hours P = 0.43) but the rate of prehospital intubation was 41% higher in the HIRT @entity1 group (46.4% vs. 5.3% P   <   0.001). Most time intervals for the GSA @entity1 were significantly longer with a regression analysis indicating that GSA @entity1 scene times were 13 (95% CI, 7-18) minutes longer than the HIRT @entity1 independent of injury severity, entrapment or interventions performed on scene. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that well-rehearsed and efficient interventions carried out on-scene, by a highly trained physician and paramedic team can allow earlier critical care treatment of severely injured @entity0 without increasing the time elapsed between injury and hospital-based intervention. There is also indication that role specialisation improves time intervals in physician staffed @entity1 which should be confirmed with purpose designed trials.

title: Prehospital response model and time to CT scan in blunt trauma @entity0 ; an exploratory analysis of data from the XXXX retrieval trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that prehospital care teams that can provide advanced prehospital interventions may decrease the transit time through the @entity3 to CT scan and subsequent surgery. This study is an exploratory analysis of data from the @entity2 Retrieval Trial (HIRT) examining the relationship between prehospital team type and time intervals during the prehospital and @entity3 phases of management. METHODS: Three prehospital care models were compared; road paramedics, and two physician staffed @entity1 ( @entity1 ) - HIRT @entity1 and the Greater Sydney Area (GSA) @entity1 . Data on prehospital and @entity3 time intervals for @entity0 who were randomised into the HIRT were extracted from the trial database. Additionally, data on interventions at the scene and in the @entity3 , plus prehospital entrapment rate was also extracted. Subgroups of @entity0 that were not trapped or who were intubated at the scene were also specifically examined. RESULTS: A total of 3125 incidents were randomised in the trial yielding 505 cases with significant injury that were treated by road paramedics, 302 @entity0 treated by the HIRT @entity1 and 45 @entity0 treated by GSA @entity1 . The total time from emergency call to CT scan was non-significantly faster in the HIRT @entity1 group compared with road paramedics (medians of 1.9 hours vs. 2.1 hours P = 0.43) but the rate of prehospital intubation was 41% higher in the HIRT @entity1 group (46.4% vs. 5.3% P   <   0.001). Most time intervals for the GSA @entity1 were significantly longer with a regression analysis indicating that GSA @entity1 scene times were 13 (95% CI, 7-18) minutes longer than the HIRT @entity1 independent of injury severity, entrapment or interventions performed on scene. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that well-rehearsed and efficient interventions carried out on-scene, by a highly trained physician and paramedic team can allow earlier critical care treatment of severely injured @entity0 without increasing the time elapsed between injury and hospital-based intervention. There is also indication that role specialisation improves time intervals in physician staffed @entity1 which should be confirmed with purpose designed trials.

title: Prehospital response model and time to CT scan in blunt trauma XXXX ; an exploratory analysis of data from the @entity2 retrieval trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Treatment of normal @entity0 with the thymothyroid hormone @entity2 accelerates the rate at which the 'functional' cells, neutrophils, red blood cells and lymphocytes, develop in the bone marrow from their corresponding committed precursor cells. Following the initial treatment of normal @entity0 with @entity2 , there is a temporary elevation in the bone marrow of the relative concentrations of myeloblasts, rubriblasts and lymphoblasts. It has now been found that bilaterally adrenalectomized @entity0 have a different response from normal @entity0 to treatment with @entity2 . Although treatment of bilaterally adrenalectomized @entity0 with @entity2 accelerates the rate of development of their functional cells, the initial injection of @entity2 is followed by a temporary decrease in the relative concentrations of myeloblasts, rubriblasts and lymphoblasts in their bone marrow. Additionally, adrenalectomized @entity0 treated concurrently with tritiated @entity1 and @entity2 show a significant lower percentage of labeled cells in their bone marrow than do correspondingly treated normal @entity0 . These results indicate that adrenalectomized @entity0 have a lower than normal concentration of stem cells in their bone marrow that can be committed to become functional cells. Treatment with @entity3 , a new recently isolated heterocyclic hormone of the adrenals, causes adrenalectomized @entity0 to respond as normal @entity0 to the injection of @entity2 . There is a temporary elevation of myeloblasts, rubriblasts and lymphoblasts in their bone marrow as well as a normal increase in the percentage of cells that are labeled following concurrent treatment with tritiated @entity1 and @entity2 . It may be concluded that treatment with @entity3 increases the rate of replication of uncommitted bone marrow stem cells while treatment with @entity2 increases the rate at which committed cells develop into their respective functional cells. A scheme is presented to show the suggested roles that @entity2 and @entity3 play in regulating the formation of blood cells.

title: Roles of @entity3 , a new heterocyclic hormone of the adrenals, and XXXX , a thymothyroid hormone, in the formation of blood cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Treatment of normal @entity0 with the thymothyroid hormone @entity2 accelerates the rate at which the 'functional' cells, neutrophils, red blood cells and lymphocytes, develop in the bone marrow from their corresponding committed precursor cells. Following the initial treatment of normal @entity0 with @entity2 , there is a temporary elevation in the bone marrow of the relative concentrations of myeloblasts, rubriblasts and lymphoblasts. It has now been found that bilaterally adrenalectomized @entity0 have a different response from normal @entity0 to treatment with @entity2 . Although treatment of bilaterally adrenalectomized @entity0 with @entity2 accelerates the rate of development of their functional cells, the initial injection of @entity2 is followed by a temporary decrease in the relative concentrations of myeloblasts, rubriblasts and lymphoblasts in their bone marrow. Additionally, adrenalectomized @entity0 treated concurrently with tritiated @entity1 and @entity2 show a significant lower percentage of labeled cells in their bone marrow than do correspondingly treated normal @entity0 . These results indicate that adrenalectomized @entity0 have a lower than normal concentration of stem cells in their bone marrow that can be committed to become functional cells. Treatment with @entity3 , a new recently isolated heterocyclic hormone of the adrenals, causes adrenalectomized @entity0 to respond as normal @entity0 to the injection of @entity2 . There is a temporary elevation of myeloblasts, rubriblasts and lymphoblasts in their bone marrow as well as a normal increase in the percentage of cells that are labeled following concurrent treatment with tritiated @entity1 and @entity2 . It may be concluded that treatment with @entity3 increases the rate of replication of uncommitted bone marrow stem cells while treatment with @entity2 increases the rate at which committed cells develop into their respective functional cells. A scheme is presented to show the suggested roles that @entity2 and @entity3 play in regulating the formation of blood cells.

title: Roles of XXXX , a new heterocyclic hormone of the adrenals, and @entity2 , a thymothyroid hormone, in the formation of blood cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endobronchial @entity1 from extrapulmonary @entity2 are rare and often cause significant symptoms particularly when they present within the main bronchial tree. Cryotherapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of primary @entity2 of the endobronchial tree. This is the first detailed analysis of the application of cryotherapy to endobronchial @entity1 of extrapulmonary origin. This study assessed the role of endobronchial cryotherapy in the management of these @entity0 , including control of symptoms and improvement in endobronchial patency. METHODS: The details of 35 @entity0 treated over a 17-year period were reviewed. @entity0 ' ages ranged from 22 to 80 years. The @entity2 were mainly colorectal and renal. RESULTS: There were no perioperative or in- @entity0 deaths. Endobronchial cryotherapy was carried out as a day-case procedure in over 80% of cases. Of the 35 @entity0 , 30 (85%) reported a significant improvement in their main presenting symptom. In over half the @entity0 , endoluminal patency was increased by >= 50% following 1 treatment of cryotherapy. Survival ranged from 10 days to 4 years 8 months, with a median survival of 34 weeks. One-year survival was 37.5%. CONCLUSIONS: Endoluminal cryotherapy gives rapid resolution of symptoms and can be carried out as a day-case procedure in the vast majority of @entity0 . We recommend that cryotherapy should be considered as a first-line palliation in @entity0 with symptomatic @entity1 to the endobronchial tree.

title: Endoluminal cryotherapy in the management of endobronchial XXXX of extrapulmonary origin.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the predominant histological type of @entity1 , accounting for up to 85% of cases. Disease stage is commonly used to determine adjuvant treatment eligibility of @entity4 @entity0 , however, it is an imprecise predictor of the prognosis of an individual @entity0 . Currently, many researchers resort to microarray technology for identifying relevant genetic prognostic markers, with particular attention on trimming or extending a Cox regression model. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are two major histology subtypes of @entity4 . It has been demonstrated that fundamental differences exist in their underlying mechanisms, which motivated us to postulate the existence of specific genes related to the prognosis of each histology subtype. RESULTS: In this article, we propose a simple filter feature selection algorithm with a Cox regression model as the base. Applying this method to real-world microarray data identifies a histology-specific prognostic gene signature. Furthermore, the resulting 32-gene (32/12 for @entity2 / @entity3 ) prognostic signature for early-stage @entity2 and @entity3 samples has superior predictive ability relative to two relevant prognostic signatures, and has comparable performance with signatures obtained by applying two state-of-the art algorithms separately to @entity2 and @entity3 samples. CONCLUSIONS: Our proposal is conceptually simple, and straightforward to implement. Furthermore, it can be easily adapted and applied to a range of other research settings. REVIEWERS: This article was reviewed by Leonid Hanin (nominated by Dr. Lev Klebanov), Limsoon Wong and @entity5 Yu.

title: Test on existence of histology subtype-specific prognostic signatures among @entity1 and XXXX @entity0 using a Cox-model based filter.

answer: @entity3