abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, diminished @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and increased interleukin ( @entity8 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from @entity3 @entity0 have been described by several groups, measured as total cytokine content in culture supernatants. These studies suggested a predominance of TH2-like cells producing large amounts of @entity8 in @entity3 @entity0 . It is not clear whether the reported cytokine imbalances are the result of an alteration in the distribution of specific T-cell subsets or whether @entity9 in cytokine production is a characteristic of @entity3 individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the production of @entity1 , and @entity5 in PBMCs from @entity3 @entity0 at the single cell level with the use of freshly isolated lymphocytes. METHODS: We recently described a flow cytometric assay in which three-color analysis was used to study the production of a cytokine of interest in a T-cell subpopulation defined by two cell surface markers. PBMCs from 23 @entity3 @entity0 and 14 control subjects were stimulated with @entity10 and @entity6 for 5 hours. PBMCs from seven @entity0 and seven control subjects were also cultured with immobilized anti-CD3 antibodies for 24 hours. Cells were fixed, made permeable, and stained for intracellular cytokines in combination with cell surface markers CD3, @entity2 , and CD45RO. Cytokine-producing cells were analyzed by gating on T-cell subsets. RESULTS: @entity1 -producing cells were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in CD4+ T cells but not in @entity2 + T cells of @entity3 @entity0 . CD45R0+ and CD45R0-T cells showed a decreased proportion of @entity1 -producing cells (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). @entity5 production was diminished in all T-cell subsets (p < 0.01). The number of @entity8 -producing cells was not elevated, and such cells were exclusively found in the CD45RO+ T cells. Analysis of culture supernatants of sorted CD45RO+ T cells for @entity8 and @entity1 production confirmed these results. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that a reduced @entity1 production in @entity3 @entity0 is due to an intrinsic defect selectively found in the CD4+ T cells. Because @entity5 production was markedly decreased but @entity8 production was unchanged, our data demonstrate a deficiency in the ability of @entity7 cells to produce @entity4 -like cytokines on stimulation with @entity10 , @entity6 , or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies.

title: Decreased frequency of XXXX - and @entity5 -producing cells in @entity0 with atopic diseases measured at the single cell level.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, diminished @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and increased interleukin ( @entity8 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from @entity3 @entity0 have been described by several groups, measured as total cytokine content in culture supernatants. These studies suggested a predominance of TH2-like cells producing large amounts of @entity8 in @entity3 @entity0 . It is not clear whether the reported cytokine imbalances are the result of an alteration in the distribution of specific T-cell subsets or whether @entity9 in cytokine production is a characteristic of @entity3 individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the production of @entity1 , and @entity5 in PBMCs from @entity3 @entity0 at the single cell level with the use of freshly isolated lymphocytes. METHODS: We recently described a flow cytometric assay in which three-color analysis was used to study the production of a cytokine of interest in a T-cell subpopulation defined by two cell surface markers. PBMCs from 23 @entity3 @entity0 and 14 control subjects were stimulated with @entity10 and @entity6 for 5 hours. PBMCs from seven @entity0 and seven control subjects were also cultured with immobilized anti-CD3 antibodies for 24 hours. Cells were fixed, made permeable, and stained for intracellular cytokines in combination with cell surface markers CD3, @entity2 , and CD45RO. Cytokine-producing cells were analyzed by gating on T-cell subsets. RESULTS: @entity1 -producing cells were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in CD4+ T cells but not in @entity2 + T cells of @entity3 @entity0 . CD45R0+ and CD45R0-T cells showed a decreased proportion of @entity1 -producing cells (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). @entity5 production was diminished in all T-cell subsets (p < 0.01). The number of @entity8 -producing cells was not elevated, and such cells were exclusively found in the CD45RO+ T cells. Analysis of culture supernatants of sorted CD45RO+ T cells for @entity8 and @entity1 production confirmed these results. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that a reduced @entity1 production in @entity3 @entity0 is due to an intrinsic defect selectively found in the CD4+ T cells. Because @entity5 production was markedly decreased but @entity8 production was unchanged, our data demonstrate a deficiency in the ability of @entity7 cells to produce @entity4 -like cytokines on stimulation with @entity10 , @entity6 , or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies.

title: Decreased frequency of @entity1 - and @entity5 -producing cells in XXXX with atopic diseases measured at the single cell level.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between tissue cytokine expression and the cellular infiltrate present in chronic @entity8 with @entity9 ( @entity14 /NP) and to compare the immunopathology and cytokine profile of @entity0 with @entity6 versus @entity0 without @entity6 . METHODS: Nasal polyp tissue samples from 12 @entity0 with @entity14 /NP and nasal turbinate biopsy specimens from 10 normal control @entity0 were examined for the expression of @entity13 , @entity7 , and @entity5 cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) species by in situ hybridization. These data were analyzed in conjunction with data previously reported for the cytokine mRNA species @entity12 ( @entity12 ), @entity11 , and @entity4 and the immunocytochemical profile of the inflammatory cell infiltrate. @entity0 with @entity6 were distinguished from those without @entity6 on the basis of @entity6 skin tests. RESULTS: Tissue @entity10 was a prominent feature of both @entity2 and nonallergic @entity14 /NP and correlated in both subgroups with the density of @entity12 and @entity11 mRNA+ cells. In comparison with normal controls, @entity0 with @entity2 @entity14 /NP had significantly higher @entity14 /NP had significantly higher tissue densities of @entity12 , @entity11 , @entity13 , and @entity4 (p < or = 0.025). In contrast, @entity0 with nonallergic @entity14 /NP had significantly higher tissue densities of @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity5 (p < or = 0.001). The @entity2 and nonallergic subgroups showed distinct cytokine profiles with the most distinguishing cytokines of the @entity2 subgroup being @entity13 (p = 0.001) and @entity4 (p = 0.017) and of the nonallergic subgroup being @entity5 (p = 0.004). Furthermore, @entity0 with @entity2 @entity14 /NP showed an increased density of CD3+ T lymphocytes compared with either controls or @entity0 with nonallergic @entity14 /NP (p = 0.03). The density of CD3+ T lymphocytes was the only significant difference between @entity0 with @entity2 and nonallergic @entity14 /NP. A clinical history of @entity3 sensitivity was strongly correlated with nonallergic @entity14 /NP, as well as the nonallergic @entity14 /NP profile of cytokines, including @entity5 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that distinct mechanisms of @entity10 exist in @entity0 with @entity2 versus nonallergic @entity14 /NP. The @entity2 mechanism involves production of TH2-type cytokines, including @entity12 , @entity11 , @entity13 , and @entity4 , by infiltrating T lymphocytes. The nonallergic mechanism remains unknown but does involve production of @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity5 . However, nonallergic @entity10 is independent of @entity13 and @entity4 , cytokines that contribute to tissue @entity10 in @entity1 . Aspirin sensitivity is strongly correlated with nonallergic @entity14 /NP and production of the nonallergic @entity14 /NP profile of cytokines, including @entity5 .

title: Evidence for distinct cytokine expression in XXXX versus nonallergic chronic @entity8 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between tissue cytokine expression and the cellular infiltrate present in chronic @entity8 with @entity9 ( @entity14 /NP) and to compare the immunopathology and cytokine profile of @entity0 with @entity6 versus @entity0 without @entity6 . METHODS: Nasal polyp tissue samples from 12 @entity0 with @entity14 /NP and nasal turbinate biopsy specimens from 10 normal control @entity0 were examined for the expression of @entity13 , @entity7 , and @entity5 cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) species by in situ hybridization. These data were analyzed in conjunction with data previously reported for the cytokine mRNA species @entity12 ( @entity12 ), @entity11 , and @entity4 and the immunocytochemical profile of the inflammatory cell infiltrate. @entity0 with @entity6 were distinguished from those without @entity6 on the basis of @entity6 skin tests. RESULTS: Tissue @entity10 was a prominent feature of both @entity2 and nonallergic @entity14 /NP and correlated in both subgroups with the density of @entity12 and @entity11 mRNA+ cells. In comparison with normal controls, @entity0 with @entity2 @entity14 /NP had significantly higher @entity14 /NP had significantly higher tissue densities of @entity12 , @entity11 , @entity13 , and @entity4 (p < or = 0.025). In contrast, @entity0 with nonallergic @entity14 /NP had significantly higher tissue densities of @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity5 (p < or = 0.001). The @entity2 and nonallergic subgroups showed distinct cytokine profiles with the most distinguishing cytokines of the @entity2 subgroup being @entity13 (p = 0.001) and @entity4 (p = 0.017) and of the nonallergic subgroup being @entity5 (p = 0.004). Furthermore, @entity0 with @entity2 @entity14 /NP showed an increased density of CD3+ T lymphocytes compared with either controls or @entity0 with nonallergic @entity14 /NP (p = 0.03). The density of CD3+ T lymphocytes was the only significant difference between @entity0 with @entity2 and nonallergic @entity14 /NP. A clinical history of @entity3 sensitivity was strongly correlated with nonallergic @entity14 /NP, as well as the nonallergic @entity14 /NP profile of cytokines, including @entity5 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that distinct mechanisms of @entity10 exist in @entity0 with @entity2 versus nonallergic @entity14 /NP. The @entity2 mechanism involves production of TH2-type cytokines, including @entity12 , @entity11 , @entity13 , and @entity4 , by infiltrating T lymphocytes. The nonallergic mechanism remains unknown but does involve production of @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity5 . However, nonallergic @entity10 is independent of @entity13 and @entity4 , cytokines that contribute to tissue @entity10 in @entity1 . Aspirin sensitivity is strongly correlated with nonallergic @entity14 /NP and production of the nonallergic @entity14 /NP profile of cytokines, including @entity5 .

title: Evidence for distinct cytokine expression in @entity2 versus nonallergic chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the reliability of instruments used in clinical trials involving @entity1 older adults when the instruments are administered in-home rather than in-clinic and to compare withdrawal rates is these two groups. DESIGN: This study was part of a larger n-of-1 clinical trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of a @entity3 inhibitor ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity2 . @entity0 were initially assessed at the clinic (baseline) and then randomly allocated to in-home or in-clinic assessments for the remainder of the trial. The baseline and second assessment (performed before initiation of the treatment) were used for the reliability analysis. Withdrawal rates were examined over the course of the 6-month trial. SETTING: Assessments took place at a geriatric clinic in an urban university teaching hospital and at residences of some of the @entity0 . @entity0 : Forty-six @entity2 @entity0 participated in the study, of which, 22 were randomized to in-home assessments and 24 to in-clinic assessments. MEASUREMENTS: Test-retest reliability was measured for all five instruments used in the study and was based on the first two assessments. Sample size requirements, based on within-group variance, were calculated. Withdrawal rates were obtained for the total duration of the trial. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability of the instruments, as determined by intraclass correlations, was good in both groups but favored in-clinic for all but one instrument (range: 0.47-0.90 for in-home vs 0.57-0.92 for in-clinic). Sample size requirements based on reliability assessment data were found to be larger for some instruments when administered in-home. Only four in-home @entity0 withdrew before completion of the study, compared with eight in-clinic @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The results suggest the in-home assessments in @entity1 older adults may result in lower withdrawal rates but may necessitate larger sample sizes to offset larger test-retest variability.

title: Clinical trials in XXXX older adults: home versus clinic assessments.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity8 of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1), a developmental failure of chondrogenesis, is a rare @entity2 and may range from partial clefts to total agenesis of the posterior arch. Ossification of the posterior arch usually occurs between the 3rd and 5th years of life. The incidence of @entity6 of the atlas is between 0.69% and 2.95%. For the evaluation of the @entity0 , cervical lateral plain radiography, 2D or 3D reconstructed CT and MRI are very useful and important tools in initial diagnosis. Surgery is the treatment of choice in symptomatic compression. Excision of the posterior arch is performed. during surgery. After the surgery, @entity0 may be followed up for instability and treated as necessary. A @entity0 , admitted to the emergency department with @entity1 after a traffic accident is presented in this article. @entity7 was determined after detailed imagining studies and the radiology department consulted. When @entity5 are found in a young @entity0 , the @entity0 should be evaluated in detail with advanced radiological studies to avoid misinterpretation as fractures, @entity3 , @entity4 or instability. Consulting a radiologist could help making an accurate diagnosis and deciding on current therapeutic interventions.

title: XXXX of the posterior arch of the atlas: case report and extensive review of the literature.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purpose of this study was to clarify changes in the graft hemodynamics induced by @entity2 in living related liver transplantation. METHODS: This study included 46 pediatric recipients who underwent partial liver transplantation from living related donors. The blood flow was evaluated in the portal system, the hepatic artery and the hepatic vein with serial intra- and post-operative Doppler ultrasound (US). RESULTS: In 12 @entity0 , intraoperative Doppler US showed a decrease in portal venous inflow (< 9 ml.min-1.kg-1) toward the liver graft and could act as a guide for ligation of collaterals in seven @entity0 , portal re-construction in two, thrombectomy in one and relief of @entity4 in two for increasing the portal venous inflow. In five @entity0 , intraoperative Doppler US showed poor arterial inflow, i.e. dampened arterial waveforms which involved both low pulsatility index (< 0.90) and low peak-systolic velocity (< 31 cm/s). In three of them, the waveform was more pulsatile after re- @entity1 or relief from stretching of the hepatic artery. The remaining two @entity0 developed @entity3 . Most of the @entity4 (four of five @entity0 ) had flat waveforms, low flow velocity (< 10 cm/s) of the hepatic vein, and poor portal inflow (flow velocity < 14 cm/s). Postoperative Doppler US showed @entity4 in three @entity0 , @entity3 in three (twice in one @entity0 ), @entity5 in two and portal vein @entity3 in one. These complications were successfully managed with surgical procedures in three @entity0 , transhepatic angioplasty in three and conservative treatments in four. Six @entity0 died of @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Serial intra- and post-operative Doppler US was a useful technique for making an early diagnosis of abnormal hemodynamics of the graft circulation. Furthermore, intraoperative Doppler US could assess reconstructed vessels objectively and would reduce the incidence of @entity2 following transplantation.

title: XXXX in living related liver transplantation detected with intraoperative and postoperative Doppler US.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 is often fatal and can be extremely stressful to @entity0 , even if spontaneous rhythm is returned. The purpose of this study was to analyze the hormonal response after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). METHODS: This is a retrospective review of the chart and laboratory findings in a single medical facility. The @entity0 admitted to the intensive care unit after successful resuscitation after out-of-hospital @entity4 were retrospectively identified and evaluated. @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity0 who received @entity3 treatment, those experiencing @entity2 , and pregnant @entity0 were excluded. Serum @entity3 , @entity6 (ACTH), and anti-diuretic hormone ( @entity7 (vasopressin)) were analyzed and a corticotropin-stimulation test was performed. Mortality at one week and one month after admission, and neurologic outcome (cerebral performance category (CPC)) one month after admission were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 117 @entity0 , including 84 males (71.8%), were evaluated in this study. One week and one month after admission, 87 (74.4%) and 65 @entity0 (55.6%) survived, respectively. Relative @entity5 , and higher plasma ACTH and @entity7 levels were associated with shock-related mortality (P = 0.046, 0.005, and 0.037, respectively), and ACTH and @entity7 levels were also associated with late mortality (P = 0.002 and 0.004, respectively). @entity0 with relative @entity5 , ACTH    5 pg/mL, and @entity7    30 pg/mL, had a two-fold increased risk of a poor outcome (shock-related mortality): (odds ratio (OR), 2.601 and 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.015 to 6.664; OR, 2.759 and 95% CI, 1.060 to 7.185; OR, 2.576 and 95% CI, 1.051 to 6.313, respectively). Thirty-five @entity0 (29.9%) had a good CPC (1 to 2), and 82 @entity0 (70.1%) had a bad CPC (3 to 5). Age    50 years and an @entity7    30 pg/mL were associated with a bad CPC (OR, 4.564 and 95% CI, 1.794 to 11.612; OR, 6.568 and 95% CI, 1.918 to 22.483, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity0 with relative @entity5 and higher blood levels of ACTH and @entity7 upon ROSC after @entity4 had a poor outcome. The effectiveness of administration of @entity3 and @entity7 to @entity0 upon ROSC after @entity4 is uncertain and additional studies are needed.

title: Hormonal responses upon return of spontaneous circulation after XXXX : a retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The nationwide Danish @entity2 Database, recording more than 10,000 inguinal and 400 @entity3 repairs annually, provides a unique opportunity to present valid recommendations in the management of Danish @entity0 with groin @entity2 . The cumulated data have been discussed at biannual meetings and guidelines have been approved by the Danish Surgical Society. Diagnosis of groin @entity2 is based on clinical examination. Ultrasonography, CT or MRI are rarely needed, while herniography is not recommended. In @entity0 with indicative symptoms of @entity2 , but no detectable @entity2 , diagnostic laparoscopy may be an option. Once diagnosed, @entity2 repair is recommended in the presence of symptoms affecting daily life. In male @entity0 with minimal or absent symptoms watchful waiting is recommended. In females, however, repair is recommended also in asymptomatic @entity0 . In male @entity0 with primary unilateral or bilateral groin @entity2 the preferred method is mesh repair, either at open surgery (Lichtenstein) or laparoscopically, irrespective of age. Conventional tension-producing methods like Bassini, McVay or Shouldice are no longer recommended in a routine elective setting. Whether repair should be done by open or laparoscopic technique, depends on local expertise, economical considerations and @entity0 preference. Compared to the Lichtenstein operation laparoscopic repair is associated with less acute @entity1 and faster recovery. Furthermore, available data suggest less chronic long-term @entity1 after laparoscopic repair. In female @entity0 laparoscopic repair is the recommended method. In @entity0 with recurrent @entity2 repair is preferred in @entity0 with a previous open repair, while @entity0 with recurrence after laparoscopic repair should undergo open mesh repair. In open repair it is recommended to use a mesh secured with a nonabsorbable monofilament suture. In laparoscopic repair a mesh without a slit and with a minimum size of 15 by 10 cm is used. For mesh fixation absorbable or nonabsorbable tacks or glue can be used. Elective surgery for groin @entity2 should be performed in an outpatient setting, using cost-effective local anaesthesia in open mesh repair and general anaesthesia for laparoscopic repair. Spinal anaesthesia is not recommended. Routine prophylactic antibiotics are not indicated. In the early convalescence period there are no physical restrictions. These guidelines will also be available at the website for the Danish @entity2 Database (www.herniedatabasen.dk). The guidelines will be updated when new substantial evidence becomes available.

title: Danish @entity2 Database recommendations for the management of XXXX in adults.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The nationwide Danish @entity2 Database, recording more than 10,000 inguinal and 400 @entity3 repairs annually, provides a unique opportunity to present valid recommendations in the management of Danish @entity0 with groin @entity2 . The cumulated data have been discussed at biannual meetings and guidelines have been approved by the Danish Surgical Society. Diagnosis of groin @entity2 is based on clinical examination. Ultrasonography, CT or MRI are rarely needed, while herniography is not recommended. In @entity0 with indicative symptoms of @entity2 , but no detectable @entity2 , diagnostic laparoscopy may be an option. Once diagnosed, @entity2 repair is recommended in the presence of symptoms affecting daily life. In male @entity0 with minimal or absent symptoms watchful waiting is recommended. In females, however, repair is recommended also in asymptomatic @entity0 . In male @entity0 with primary unilateral or bilateral groin @entity2 the preferred method is mesh repair, either at open surgery (Lichtenstein) or laparoscopically, irrespective of age. Conventional tension-producing methods like Bassini, McVay or Shouldice are no longer recommended in a routine elective setting. Whether repair should be done by open or laparoscopic technique, depends on local expertise, economical considerations and @entity0 preference. Compared to the Lichtenstein operation laparoscopic repair is associated with less acute @entity1 and faster recovery. Furthermore, available data suggest less chronic long-term @entity1 after laparoscopic repair. In female @entity0 laparoscopic repair is the recommended method. In @entity0 with recurrent @entity2 repair is preferred in @entity0 with a previous open repair, while @entity0 with recurrence after laparoscopic repair should undergo open mesh repair. In open repair it is recommended to use a mesh secured with a nonabsorbable monofilament suture. In laparoscopic repair a mesh without a slit and with a minimum size of 15 by 10 cm is used. For mesh fixation absorbable or nonabsorbable tacks or glue can be used. Elective surgery for groin @entity2 should be performed in an outpatient setting, using cost-effective local anaesthesia in open mesh repair and general anaesthesia for laparoscopic repair. Spinal anaesthesia is not recommended. Routine prophylactic antibiotics are not indicated. In the early convalescence period there are no physical restrictions. These guidelines will also be available at the website for the Danish @entity2 Database (www.herniedatabasen.dk). The guidelines will be updated when new substantial evidence becomes available.

title: Danish XXXX Database recommendations for the management of @entity3 in adults.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are scarce data regarding the significance of the @entity1 size, hormonal activity and size of the @entity4 of the young; therefore, the study was designed to define the relation of the hormonal status of the large @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: We compared those features with @entity1 of the elderly (>40) with the young @entity0 , and analyzed the clinicopathologic and proliferative features of @entity7 in young adulthood ( <=40). METHODS: 20-year archives of @entity4 in our clinics were reviewed and macroadenomas with diameter >= 3cm were included in the study. We identified 46 @entity4 and immunohistochemically stained them with pituitary hormones, @entity3 and Ki-67. Twenty-four cases were  <=40-year with an age range of 11-40 years (mean 28.0). Twenty-two cases were >40 with an age range of 44-78 years (mean 58.8). RESULTS: In the young @entity0 group, 15 (62.5%) were functional @entity2 (6 @entity5 , six @entity6 [ @entity6 ], one adrenocorticotrophic hormone [ACTH] @entity2 , two multihormonal [ @entity6 +ACTH]) and nine (37.5%) were either gonadotrophic or null cell @entity2 . In the elderly group, five (22.7%) were functional @entity2 (two adrenocorticotrophic hormone [ACTH] @entity2 , one @entity5 , one @entity6 [ @entity6 ], one multihormonal [ @entity6 +ACTH]) and 17 (77.3%) were either gonadotrophic or null cell @entity2 . Ki-67 proliferation index in @entity2 of the young was approximately two-folds higher than the elderly (2.7% vs. 1.2%). CONCLUSION: In both groups, rare @entity3 positivity was identified. In conclusion, @entity7 of the young show hormonal expression frequently with relatively high Ki-67 proliferation indices.

title: XXXX (>3cm) in young adulthood: Pathologic and proliferative characteristics.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity3 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity6 and @entity2 . EC do not express membrane @entity10 , but respond to @entity3 in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity3 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity1 and @entity0 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation. @entity3 rapidly induced the @entity5 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity5 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity3 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity5 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity3 as well as @entity7 , but not by the inactive @entity7 analogue, @entity13 @entity15 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity5 kinase inhibitor, @entity12 , inhibited @entity3 -stimulated protein @entity5 phosphorylation and @entity3 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity4 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity14 , @entity9 , and @entity9 , respectively. @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity10 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity10 mAb inhibited the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphorylation of @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 . Additionally, @entity3 induced a mobility shift in @entity11 and @entity8 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity12 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity5 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity3 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity10 . Our data also suggest that a @entity12 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity5 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity3 -induced @entity0 EC activation and @entity4 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity5 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble XXXX -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity5 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity10


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity3 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity6 and @entity2 . EC do not express membrane @entity10 , but respond to @entity3 in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity3 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity1 and @entity0 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation. @entity3 rapidly induced the @entity5 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity5 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity3 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity5 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity3 as well as @entity7 , but not by the inactive @entity7 analogue, @entity13 @entity15 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity5 kinase inhibitor, @entity12 , inhibited @entity3 -stimulated protein @entity5 phosphorylation and @entity3 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity4 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity14 , @entity9 , and @entity9 , respectively. @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity10 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity10 mAb inhibited the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphorylation of @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 . Additionally, @entity3 induced a mobility shift in @entity11 and @entity8 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity12 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity5 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity3 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity10 . Our data also suggest that a @entity12 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity5 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity3 -induced @entity0 EC activation and @entity4 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity5 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity11 , XXXX , and @entity9 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity5 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity3 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity6 and @entity2 . EC do not express membrane @entity10 , but respond to @entity3 in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity3 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity1 and @entity0 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation. @entity3 rapidly induced the @entity5 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity5 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity3 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity5 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity3 as well as @entity7 , but not by the inactive @entity7 analogue, @entity13 @entity15 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity5 kinase inhibitor, @entity12 , inhibited @entity3 -stimulated protein @entity5 phosphorylation and @entity3 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity4 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity14 , @entity9 , and @entity9 , respectively. @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity10 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity10 mAb inhibited the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphorylation of @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 . Additionally, @entity3 induced a mobility shift in @entity11 and @entity8 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity12 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity5 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity3 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity10 . Our data also suggest that a @entity12 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity5 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity3 -induced @entity0 EC activation and @entity4 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity5 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases XXXX , @entity8 , and @entity9 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity5 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity11


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity3 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity6 and @entity2 . EC do not express membrane @entity10 , but respond to @entity3 in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity3 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity1 and @entity0 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation. @entity3 rapidly induced the @entity5 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity5 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity3 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity5 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity3 as well as @entity7 , but not by the inactive @entity7 analogue, @entity13 @entity15 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity5 kinase inhibitor, @entity12 , inhibited @entity3 -stimulated protein @entity5 phosphorylation and @entity3 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity4 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity14 , @entity9 , and @entity9 , respectively. @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity10 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity10 mAb inhibited the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphorylation of @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 . Additionally, @entity3 induced a mobility shift in @entity11 and @entity8 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity12 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity5 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity3 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity10 . Our data also suggest that a @entity12 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity5 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity3 -induced @entity0 EC activation and @entity4 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the XXXX phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity5 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity3 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity6 and @entity2 . EC do not express membrane @entity10 , but respond to @entity3 in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity3 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity1 and @entity0 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation. @entity3 rapidly induced the @entity5 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity5 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity3 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity5 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity3 as well as @entity7 , but not by the inactive @entity7 analogue, @entity13 @entity15 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity5 kinase inhibitor, @entity12 , inhibited @entity3 -stimulated protein @entity5 phosphorylation and @entity3 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity4 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity14 , @entity9 , and @entity9 , respectively. @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity10 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity10 mAb inhibited the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphorylation of @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 . Additionally, @entity3 induced a mobility shift in @entity11 and @entity8 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity12 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity5 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity3 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity10 . Our data also suggest that a @entity12 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity5 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity3 -induced @entity0 EC activation and @entity4 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity5 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. Role of protein XXXX phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Vascular endothelial cell (EC) injury or activation by @entity3 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative @entity6 and @entity2 . EC do not express membrane @entity10 , but respond to @entity3 in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. The signal transduction mechanisms involved in @entity3 -induced EC responses are largely unknown. We used @entity1 and @entity0 brain microvessel EC (BBMEC, and HBMEC) to study @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation. @entity3 rapidly induced the @entity5 phosphorylation of several proteins in BBMEC and HBMEC, which was detectable by 5 to 15 min, reached a maximum by 30 min, and declined by 60 to 90 min. The increase in @entity5 phosphorylation was apparent following stimulation with @entity3 at 0.1 ng/ml and was dose dependent up to 100 ng/ml. Similar changes in @entity5 phosphorylation were induced by smooth and rough @entity3 as well as @entity7 , but not by the inactive @entity7 analogue, @entity13 @entity15 . Pretreatment of EC with the @entity5 kinase inhibitor, @entity12 , inhibited @entity3 -stimulated protein @entity5 phosphorylation and @entity3 -mediated lactic dehydrogenase release from BBMEC and @entity4 release from HBMEC in a dose-dependent manner. Three proteins with apparent m.w. of 44, 42, and 41 kDa were predominant among the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphoproteins, and they were identified as mitogen-activated protein kinase isoforms @entity14 , @entity9 , and @entity9 , respectively. @entity3 -induced protein @entity5 phosphorylation in HBMEC and BBMEC was soluble @entity10 dependent, since pretreatment of these cells with anti- @entity10 mAb inhibited the @entity3 -induced @entity5 phosphorylation of @entity11 , @entity8 , and @entity9 . Additionally, @entity3 induced a mobility shift in @entity11 and @entity8 mitogen-activated protein kinase isozymes, which was inhibited by @entity12 pretreatment of the EC. These findings demonstrate for the first time that increased protein @entity5 phosphorylation and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases occur rapidly after @entity3 stimulation of EC in the presence of soluble @entity10 . Our data also suggest that a @entity12 -sensitive step, presumably a @entity5 kinase, is involved in mediating @entity3 -induced @entity0 EC activation and @entity4 secretion.

title: Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the @entity5 phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases @entity11 , @entity8 , and XXXX in vascular endothelial cells in a soluble @entity10 -dependent manner. Role of protein @entity5 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-induced stimulation of endothelial cells.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compositions of @entity1 isolated from from clinical sources such as blood, urine, pus, sputum, and feces were analyzed by @entity5 - @entity4 gel electrophoresis ( @entity0 -PAGE), and @entity6 -susceptibility and serotype of these isolates were investigated in this study. Fifty-nine isolates tested were divided into three groups according to the difference in their LPS compositions; 35 strains with the long-LPS chain (B-band LPS), 14 strains with the short chain (A-band LPS) and 10 @entity3 strains. The relationship between the LPS compositions and their sources of 59 strains were investigated. The majority of clinical isolates (12 of the 13 strains) from the blood samples possessed the long-LPS chain (B-band LPS) and the remaining possessed the short-LPS chain (A-band LPS). About 67% each of the isolates from urine and feces possessed the long-LPS chain, and the minor part of both groups possessed the short-LPS chain. In isolates from both sputum and pus samples, the long- and short-LPS chains were found at almost the same rate, and the @entity3 isolates were found in the sputum samples at a considerably high rate of 42%. The 19 of the 35 isolates with the long-LPS chain were susceptible to @entity2 (54%) and 12 isolates were resistant (34%). On the other hand, the 14 isolates with the short chain were divided roughly into three groups, @entity2 -resistant, and -susceptible groups and intermediate groups. It was also notable that 7 of the 10 @entity3 isolates were resistant to @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Heterogeneity of lipopolysaccharide chain size of @entity1 isolated from different clinical sources--with reference to XXXX -susceptibility and serotype].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compositions of @entity1 isolated from from clinical sources such as blood, urine, pus, sputum, and feces were analyzed by @entity5 - @entity4 gel electrophoresis ( @entity0 -PAGE), and @entity6 -susceptibility and serotype of these isolates were investigated in this study. Fifty-nine isolates tested were divided into three groups according to the difference in their LPS compositions; 35 strains with the long-LPS chain (B-band LPS), 14 strains with the short chain (A-band LPS) and 10 @entity3 strains. The relationship between the LPS compositions and their sources of 59 strains were investigated. The majority of clinical isolates (12 of the 13 strains) from the blood samples possessed the long-LPS chain (B-band LPS) and the remaining possessed the short-LPS chain (A-band LPS). About 67% each of the isolates from urine and feces possessed the long-LPS chain, and the minor part of both groups possessed the short-LPS chain. In isolates from both sputum and pus samples, the long- and short-LPS chains were found at almost the same rate, and the @entity3 isolates were found in the sputum samples at a considerably high rate of 42%. The 19 of the 35 isolates with the long-LPS chain were susceptible to @entity2 (54%) and 12 isolates were resistant (34%). On the other hand, the 14 isolates with the short chain were divided roughly into three groups, @entity2 -resistant, and -susceptible groups and intermediate groups. It was also notable that 7 of the 10 @entity3 isolates were resistant to @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Heterogeneity of lipopolysaccharide chain size of XXXX isolated from different clinical sources--with reference to @entity2 -susceptibility and serotype].

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 17 @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 ( @entity2 , PH) weighing 5.2 kg to 9.5 kg, open heart surgery was conducted with bloodless priming (total priming volume: 370-470 ml). None of the @entity0 required blood transfusion during their hospital stay. The post-operative respiratory status was excellent in all cases with duration of intubation being 6 +/- 3 hours. While 12 @entity0 weighing over 6.6 kg maintained individual constant hematocrit (Hct) values during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), all 5 @entity0 weighing under 6.1 kg showed significant decrease during rewarming (17 +/- 2% after initiation of CPB to 14 +/- 2% during rewarming). The lowest Hct value was 12% during rewarming in 6.0 kg @entity0 . The pre-operative circulating blood volume (CBV) was calculated retrospectively from the priming volume, the Hct value after anesthetic induction and the Hct value after initiation of CPB. The relationship, @entity3 (ml) = body weight (kg) x 72-13 (r = 0.85, p < 0.01) was derived. Using this equation, we calculated the predicted Hct level after initiation of CPB using the 370 ml bypass circuit in 43 @entity2 PH @entity0 weighing 3.4 kg-5.9 kg. The Hct values were 17 +/- 2% in 13 @entity0 weighing over 5 kg with 12 (91 percent) above 15%, and 13 +/- 2% in 30 @entity0 weighing under 4 kg with 3 (11 percent) above 15%. Hct levels of 34%-36% before CPB were essential in @entity0 weighing 4.0 kg-4.9 kg for the Hct level after initiation of CPB to exceed 15%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Open heart surgery with bloodless priming for XXXX and @entity1 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: In 17 @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 ( @entity2 , PH) weighing 5.2 kg to 9.5 kg, open heart surgery was conducted with bloodless priming (total priming volume: 370-470 ml). None of the @entity0 required blood transfusion during their hospital stay. The post-operative respiratory status was excellent in all cases with duration of intubation being 6 +/- 3 hours. While 12 @entity0 weighing over 6.6 kg maintained individual constant hematocrit (Hct) values during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), all 5 @entity0 weighing under 6.1 kg showed significant decrease during rewarming (17 +/- 2% after initiation of CPB to 14 +/- 2% during rewarming). The lowest Hct value was 12% during rewarming in 6.0 kg @entity0 . The pre-operative circulating blood volume (CBV) was calculated retrospectively from the priming volume, the Hct value after anesthetic induction and the Hct value after initiation of CPB. The relationship, @entity3 (ml) = body weight (kg) x 72-13 (r = 0.85, p < 0.01) was derived. Using this equation, we calculated the predicted Hct level after initiation of CPB using the 370 ml bypass circuit in 43 @entity2 PH @entity0 weighing 3.4 kg-5.9 kg. The Hct values were 17 +/- 2% in 13 @entity0 weighing over 5 kg with 12 (91 percent) above 15%, and 13 +/- 2% in 30 @entity0 weighing under 4 kg with 3 (11 percent) above 15%. Hct levels of 34%-36% before CPB were essential in @entity0 weighing 4.0 kg-4.9 kg for the Hct level after initiation of CPB to exceed 15%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Open heart surgery with bloodless priming for @entity2 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: Late-night salivary @entity2 (LNSC) is well-validated in the diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The accuracy of LNSC during follow-up of @entity0 undergoing @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has not been fully characterized. OBJECTIVES: We examined the accuracy of LNSC in establishing remission and identifying recurrence in postoperative @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: This is a retrospective study. @entity0 : Records of @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent @entity3 by a single neurosurgeon in our tertiary center (2005-2014) were analyzed (N = 224). @entity0 were selected for further investigation (n = 165) if there was at least one available LNSC test obtained after @entity3 (either within 3 months or during long-term follow-up). Extracted data included demographic and clinical characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory data (morning serum @entity2 , 24-hour urine free @entity2 [UFC], LNSC) . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Remission was defined as nadir morning serum @entity2 less than 5 mcg/dl and nadir 24-hour UFC less than 23 mcg. Recurrence was considered definite if confirmed surgically or prompted radiotherapy. RESULTS: Surgical remission occurred in 89% of 89 @entity0 with available LNSC data. LNSC, obtained within 3 months of @entity3 , established remission with 94% sensitivity and 80% specificity at a cutpoint of 1.9 nmol/l (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.90). At a median follow-up of 53.5 months, LNSC established recurrence (75% sensitivity and 95% specificity) at a cutpoint of 7.4 nmol/l (AUC = 0.87), and 24-hour UFC established recurrence (68% sensitivity and 100% specificity) at a cutpoint of 1.6-fold above normal (AUC = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS: LNSC may accurately establish remission after @entity3 and identify recurrence more accurately than 24-hour UFC during long-term follow-up.

title: Accuracy of Late-Night Salivary @entity2 in Evaluating Postoperative Remission and Recurrence in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: Late-night salivary @entity2 (LNSC) is well-validated in the diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The accuracy of LNSC during follow-up of @entity0 undergoing @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has not been fully characterized. OBJECTIVES: We examined the accuracy of LNSC in establishing remission and identifying recurrence in postoperative @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: This is a retrospective study. @entity0 : Records of @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent @entity3 by a single neurosurgeon in our tertiary center (2005-2014) were analyzed (N = 224). @entity0 were selected for further investigation (n = 165) if there was at least one available LNSC test obtained after @entity3 (either within 3 months or during long-term follow-up). Extracted data included demographic and clinical characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory data (morning serum @entity2 , 24-hour urine free @entity2 [UFC], LNSC) . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Remission was defined as nadir morning serum @entity2 less than 5 mcg/dl and nadir 24-hour UFC less than 23 mcg. Recurrence was considered definite if confirmed surgically or prompted radiotherapy. RESULTS: Surgical remission occurred in 89% of 89 @entity0 with available LNSC data. LNSC, obtained within 3 months of @entity3 , established remission with 94% sensitivity and 80% specificity at a cutpoint of 1.9 nmol/l (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.90). At a median follow-up of 53.5 months, LNSC established recurrence (75% sensitivity and 95% specificity) at a cutpoint of 7.4 nmol/l (AUC = 0.87), and 24-hour UFC established recurrence (68% sensitivity and 100% specificity) at a cutpoint of 1.6-fold above normal (AUC = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS: LNSC may accurately establish remission after @entity3 and identify recurrence more accurately than 24-hour UFC during long-term follow-up.

title: Accuracy of Late-Night Salivary XXXX in Evaluating Postoperative Remission and Recurrence in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Antituberculosis (anti- @entity2 ) chemotherapy with concomitant administration of @entity1 and @entity3 may cause a higher incidence of hepatotoxicity than @entity3 alone. We carried out a prospective study of the adverse reactions to anti- @entity2 drugs and the clinical outcome in elderly patients on anti- @entity2 chemotherapy, to find out whether the omission of @entity1 from standard anti- @entity2 regime would result in a reduction of adverse reactions and/or mortality during anti- @entity2 treatment. Eighty elderly @entity0 (age > 65 years) with @entity2 were recruited into the study. They were randomised to receive anti- @entity2 chemotherapy consisting of @entity3 , @entity5 and @entity4 with or without @entity1 for six months. Adverse reactions and mortality occurring during treatment were noted. A significantly higher number of @entity0 on @entity1 had elevated liver enzymes compared with those not receiving @entity1 . All of these reactions responded favorably to adjustment of anti- @entity2 drugs. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of symptomatic adverse reactions or mortality during treatment. However, five @entity0 not given @entity1 had unsatisfactory resolution radiographically and required additional therapy. We conclude that the inclusion of @entity1 in the anti- @entity2 regime offers a better therapeutic response but without significantly affecting the incidence of adverse reactions or mortality during treatment in elderly @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Adverse drug reactions and outcome of elderly patients on antituberculosis chemotherapy with and without XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We studied 30 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity1 and to compare the efficacy of intralesional @entity2 injection and @entity5 to @entity5 alone for treatment of this disorder. @entity0 ranged in age from 1 year to 12 years, 1 month (mean, 5 years, 7 months). All @entity0 were black and 23 (77%) were female. (The racial composition of our clinic population is 45% black, 18% Latin American, 34% Caucasian and 3% Asian.) Fungus cultures were positive in all but one @entity0 and Trichophyton tonsurans was isolated from 26 of 30 (87%) of the pretreatment hair cultures. Direct microscopic examinations of @entity3 -treated hair samples were negative in 13 of 29 (43%) culture-positive @entity0 . @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive intralesional steroid injection (2.5 mg) and @entity5 (14 @entity0 ) or @entity5 only (16 @entity0 ). The treatment groups were comparable with regard to age, sex, duration of lesions before treatment and type of lesions. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in the time to negative culture, time of onset of new hair growth, complete regrowth of hair and time to scalp clearing. We conclude that intralesional injection of corticosteroid is an unnecessary adjunct to therapy for @entity0 with @entity4 with kerion.

title: Randomized controlled trial of intralesional corticosteroid and XXXX vs. @entity5 alone for treatment of kerion.

answer: @entity5


abstract: We studied 30 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity1 and to compare the efficacy of intralesional @entity2 injection and @entity5 to @entity5 alone for treatment of this disorder. @entity0 ranged in age from 1 year to 12 years, 1 month (mean, 5 years, 7 months). All @entity0 were black and 23 (77%) were female. (The racial composition of our clinic population is 45% black, 18% Latin American, 34% Caucasian and 3% Asian.) Fungus cultures were positive in all but one @entity0 and Trichophyton tonsurans was isolated from 26 of 30 (87%) of the pretreatment hair cultures. Direct microscopic examinations of @entity3 -treated hair samples were negative in 13 of 29 (43%) culture-positive @entity0 . @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive intralesional steroid injection (2.5 mg) and @entity5 (14 @entity0 ) or @entity5 only (16 @entity0 ). The treatment groups were comparable with regard to age, sex, duration of lesions before treatment and type of lesions. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in the time to negative culture, time of onset of new hair growth, complete regrowth of hair and time to scalp clearing. We conclude that intralesional injection of corticosteroid is an unnecessary adjunct to therapy for @entity0 with @entity4 with kerion.

title: Randomized controlled trial of intralesional corticosteroid and @entity5 vs. XXXX alone for treatment of kerion.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Rare @entity8 have no defined standard approach given their low incidence. They present with nonspecific imaging characteristics and are described as having worse prognosis than other @entity4 , with greater likelihood of local invasion and early @entity2 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: Male caucasian @entity0 , 43 years, 26 pack-year smoking history, presented with watery @entity3 , @entity5 and loss of 25% body weight (20kg) in four weeks. Colonoscopy identified a left @entity7 . Abdominal CT/ultrasound showed a large fistulous lesion between the 4th portion of the duodenum and left colon. CT showed a solid mass in the @entity4 . Endoscopy and transthoracic biopsy were inconclusive. En bloc D3 and D4 duodenectomy, proximal enterectomy and left hemicolectomy were performed, with inconclusive histology of the specimen. Three months later, a right upper lung lobectomy with lymphadenectomy was performed, revealing an @entity8 of lung origin, R0, staged as pT2pN0pM1b. Six months later, a single dural @entity2 in the left cerebellopontine angle was detected and resected, with subsequent holocranial radiotherapy and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy. @entity0 is currently with 18 months follow-up, in good general health and with no evidence of recurrent disease. DISCUSSION: There are no specific guidelines to treat oligometastatic @entity1 . Our approach was abdominal surgery as a life-saving procedure and, months later, oncological resection of primary @entity1 and metachronous @entity2 to the brain. CONCLUSION: A systematic, @entity0 -oriented, @entity0 -shared, multidisciplinary approach is particularly relevant when dealing with atypical presentations of @entity6 in young @entity0 .

title: Duodeno-colic fistula as a rare presentation of @entity1 - surgical treatment of a stage IV oligometastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Rare @entity8 have no defined standard approach given their low incidence. They present with nonspecific imaging characteristics and are described as having worse prognosis than other @entity4 , with greater likelihood of local invasion and early @entity2 . PRESENTATION OF CASE: Male caucasian @entity0 , 43 years, 26 pack-year smoking history, presented with watery @entity3 , @entity5 and loss of 25% body weight (20kg) in four weeks. Colonoscopy identified a left @entity7 . Abdominal CT/ultrasound showed a large fistulous lesion between the 4th portion of the duodenum and left colon. CT showed a solid mass in the @entity4 . Endoscopy and transthoracic biopsy were inconclusive. En bloc D3 and D4 duodenectomy, proximal enterectomy and left hemicolectomy were performed, with inconclusive histology of the specimen. Three months later, a right upper lung lobectomy with lymphadenectomy was performed, revealing an @entity8 of lung origin, R0, staged as pT2pN0pM1b. Six months later, a single dural @entity2 in the left cerebellopontine angle was detected and resected, with subsequent holocranial radiotherapy and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy. @entity0 is currently with 18 months follow-up, in good general health and with no evidence of recurrent disease. DISCUSSION: There are no specific guidelines to treat oligometastatic @entity1 . Our approach was abdominal surgery as a life-saving procedure and, months later, oncological resection of primary @entity1 and metachronous @entity2 to the brain. CONCLUSION: A systematic, @entity0 -oriented, @entity0 -shared, multidisciplinary approach is particularly relevant when dealing with atypical presentations of @entity6 in young @entity0 .

title: Duodeno-colic fistula as a rare presentation of XXXX - surgical treatment of a stage IV oligometastatic @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The new triphasic @entity1 - @entity4 compound provides good contraception with a hormonal dosage that is sensibly lower than in the older compounds. Many of the risks connected with oral contraception are thus reduced. The study aims to show whether the triphasic compound has any side effects on the @entity6 and on the gingival margin. Such effects have been noticed by several authors to be related to higher blood levels of @entity1 and @entity7 , as in the treatment with monophasic compounds and in pregnancies. 30 @entity0 had an oral exam at the beginning of the study and were tested again after 3 cycles of treatment. The tests regarded the condition of the oral mucosa, the gingiva and the gingival margin. Besides, the coagulation factors were tested in relationship with the antithrombin III. In the majority of cases only moderate @entity2 was seen. 6 @entity0 showed @entity5 with @entity3 while eating. All lesions were reversible. The blood tests did not show any significant change. These results need to be compared with those of a larger study and after several cycles of treatment.

title: [Effect of a new triphasic @entity1 - XXXX compound on the mouth mucosa, gingiva and gingival margin].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The new triphasic @entity1 - @entity4 compound provides good contraception with a hormonal dosage that is sensibly lower than in the older compounds. Many of the risks connected with oral contraception are thus reduced. The study aims to show whether the triphasic compound has any side effects on the @entity6 and on the gingival margin. Such effects have been noticed by several authors to be related to higher blood levels of @entity1 and @entity7 , as in the treatment with monophasic compounds and in pregnancies. 30 @entity0 had an oral exam at the beginning of the study and were tested again after 3 cycles of treatment. The tests regarded the condition of the oral mucosa, the gingiva and the gingival margin. Besides, the coagulation factors were tested in relationship with the antithrombin III. In the majority of cases only moderate @entity2 was seen. 6 @entity0 showed @entity5 with @entity3 while eating. All lesions were reversible. The blood tests did not show any significant change. These results need to be compared with those of a larger study and after several cycles of treatment.

title: [Effect of a new triphasic XXXX - @entity4 compound on the mouth mucosa, gingiva and gingival margin].

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Since 1986, the national sentinel network in Switzerland (Sentinella) has collected reports of measles, mumps, and @entity1 cases in order to evaluate the impact of the Swiss MMR vaccination campaign (started in 1987) on disease frequency. DESIGN: Passive surveillance of clinical measles, mumps, and @entity1 cases through a voluntary physician based sentinel network in Switzerland. SETTING: Each year between June 1986 and May 1994, 150 to 200 general practitioners, specialists in internal medicine, and paediatricians in private practice covering the whole country have reported weekly numbers of consultations. @entity0 : Every @entity0 who fulfilled the case definition and consulted a physician participating in the Sentinella network was reported. MAIN RESULTS: Since 1986, the annual number of reported measles cases per physician has fallen--from 1.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11, 1.50) in 1986-87 to 0.4 (95% CI 0.30, 0.50) in 1993-94. A decreasing trend, although less pronounced, was also observed for @entity1 . An initial decrease in mumps cases was reported--from 1.8 (95% CI 1.57, 2.03) annually reported cases per physician in 1986-87 to 0.7 (95% CI 0.55, 0.83) in 1989-90. This was followed, however, by a net and sustained increase. In 1993-94, the mean annual number of reported mumps cases per practitioner reached 4.7 (95% CI 4.34, 5.01) which was the highest level since surveillance had started. Over the whole eight year period, reported mumps cases, in terms of the percentage of consultations, were four times more frequent in the French speaking part of Switzerland than in the rest of the country. The proportion of mumps cases in @entity0 reported to have been vaccinated also increased--from 10% in 1986-87 to 60% in 1993-94. CONCLUSIONS: Reductions in cases of measles and @entity1 but an appreciable increase in mumps cases have been observed in the past three years in Switzerland. This findings, combined with increasing vaccination coverage and the fact that 60% of mumps cases are reported in vaccinated @entity0 , suggests that the overall efficacy of the mumps vaccines used in Switzerland is probably below 80%. Under these conditions the goal of eliminating mumps will probably not be reached. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of the different mumps vaccines used.

title: Measles, mumps, and XXXX : monitoring in Switzerland through a sentinel network, 1986-94. Sentinella Arbeitsgemeinschaft.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The 52-kD @entity4 protein is one of the antigenic targets strongly associated with the autoimmune response in mothers whose @entity0 have manifestations of @entity5 . In addition to the cDNA clone we previously reported for the full-length 52-kD @entity4 protein, an interesting MOLT-4 cDNA clone, p52-2, was found to have an internal deletion of 231 nucleotides including the domain encoding the @entity2 zipper motif. To further investigate the nature of this deletion, genomic DNA clones were isolated from a lambda FIXII library. The complete gene for the full-length 52-kD protein (alpha form, 52 alpha) spans 10 kb of DNA and is composed of seven exons. Exon 1 contains only the 5' untranslated sequence, while the translation initiation codon is located 3 kb downstream in exon 2, which also encodes the three @entity1 finger motifs. Exon 4 encodes @entity3 168-245, including the coiled coil/ @entity2 zipper domain. Exon 7 is the longest and encodes the rfp-like domain and the 3' untranslated region. The cDNA p52-2 can now be accounted for as a product of alternative messenger RNA (mRNA) derived from the splicing of exon 3 to exon 5, skipping exon 4, which results in a smaller protein (52 beta) with a predicted molecular weight of 45,000. An initial approach to identifying this alternatively spliced form in the @entity0 heart used a ribonuclease protection assay. Using an RNA probe corresponding to bases 674-964 of the full-length cDNA, two protected mRNA fragments were identified, a 290-bp fragment corresponding to expression of 52 alpha and a smaller fragment of 144 bp, the predicted size of 52 beta. Using reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction, cDNAs from a 16-wk fetal heart, 24-wk heart, and adult heart were amplified with primers flanking exon 4. Two polymerase chain reaction products were observed in each tissue, one 1.0 kb likely representing 52 alpha and a second 0.78 kb, consistent with 52 beta. The 0.78-kb fragment identified in the 16-wk heart was cloned, and DNA sequencing confirmed the 52 beta type. Immunoprecipitation of in vitro-translated 35S-labeled 52 beta form was performed to evaluate the antigenicity of this novel form of 52-kD @entity4 . 26 (87%) of 30 sera tested from mothers whose @entity0 were known to have @entity5 immunoprecipitated the 52 beta form.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: 52-kD XXXX : genomic structure and identification of an alternatively spliced transcript encoding a novel @entity2 zipper-minus autoantigen expressed in fetal and adult heart.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The 52-kD @entity4 protein is one of the antigenic targets strongly associated with the autoimmune response in mothers whose @entity0 have manifestations of @entity5 . In addition to the cDNA clone we previously reported for the full-length 52-kD @entity4 protein, an interesting MOLT-4 cDNA clone, p52-2, was found to have an internal deletion of 231 nucleotides including the domain encoding the @entity2 zipper motif. To further investigate the nature of this deletion, genomic DNA clones were isolated from a lambda FIXII library. The complete gene for the full-length 52-kD protein (alpha form, 52 alpha) spans 10 kb of DNA and is composed of seven exons. Exon 1 contains only the 5' untranslated sequence, while the translation initiation codon is located 3 kb downstream in exon 2, which also encodes the three @entity1 finger motifs. Exon 4 encodes @entity3 168-245, including the coiled coil/ @entity2 zipper domain. Exon 7 is the longest and encodes the rfp-like domain and the 3' untranslated region. The cDNA p52-2 can now be accounted for as a product of alternative messenger RNA (mRNA) derived from the splicing of exon 3 to exon 5, skipping exon 4, which results in a smaller protein (52 beta) with a predicted molecular weight of 45,000. An initial approach to identifying this alternatively spliced form in the @entity0 heart used a ribonuclease protection assay. Using an RNA probe corresponding to bases 674-964 of the full-length cDNA, two protected mRNA fragments were identified, a 290-bp fragment corresponding to expression of 52 alpha and a smaller fragment of 144 bp, the predicted size of 52 beta. Using reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction, cDNAs from a 16-wk fetal heart, 24-wk heart, and adult heart were amplified with primers flanking exon 4. Two polymerase chain reaction products were observed in each tissue, one 1.0 kb likely representing 52 alpha and a second 0.78 kb, consistent with 52 beta. The 0.78-kb fragment identified in the 16-wk heart was cloned, and DNA sequencing confirmed the 52 beta type. Immunoprecipitation of in vitro-translated 35S-labeled 52 beta form was performed to evaluate the antigenicity of this novel form of 52-kD @entity4 . 26 (87%) of 30 sera tested from mothers whose @entity0 were known to have @entity5 immunoprecipitated the 52 beta form.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: 52-kD @entity4 : genomic structure and identification of an alternatively spliced transcript encoding a novel XXXX zipper-minus autoantigen expressed in fetal and adult heart.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The antiarrhythmic properties of @entity5 on @entity2 ( @entity2 ) termination and prevention were studied in 16 @entity0 using programmed electrical stimulation techniques. All @entity0 were admitted for documented sustained @entity2 resistant to 3.5 +/- 2.4 antiarrhythmic agents. Intravenous @entity5 (2 mg/kg) successfully terminated 4 out of 8 and prevented 3 out of 8 @entity0 with hemodynamically well tolerated sustained @entity2 . Oral @entity5 (800 mg day 500-600 mg the following days) prevented successfully pacing-induced @entity2 in 7 @entity0 (43.7 p. cent) and a partial result was obtained in additional 3 (18.7 p. cent). In 6 @entity0 @entity5 failed to prevent pacing-induced @entity2 including 2 @entity0 with a shorter cycle length on @entity5 (classified as aggravation). @entity1 cycle length lengthened in the remaining 4 a mean of 11 +/- 12 p. cent. One of the 7 @entity0 with a good result presented on @entity5 evidence of @entity3 . The remaining 6 underwent long-term therapy (600 mg/24 h). During a mean follow up of 19 +/- 4 months, 4 @entity0 are well controlled, 1 presented a side-effect ( @entity4 ) and 1 a recurrence. This study emphasizes the antiarrhythmic properties of @entity5 at the ventricular level and provides evidence of its usefulness in @entity0 with recurrent sustained @entity2 .

title: [Oral and intravenous XXXX in the treatment of recurrent sustained @entity2 . Electropharmacological study].

answer: @entity5


abstract: The antiarrhythmic properties of @entity5 on @entity2 ( @entity2 ) termination and prevention were studied in 16 @entity0 using programmed electrical stimulation techniques. All @entity0 were admitted for documented sustained @entity2 resistant to 3.5 +/- 2.4 antiarrhythmic agents. Intravenous @entity5 (2 mg/kg) successfully terminated 4 out of 8 and prevented 3 out of 8 @entity0 with hemodynamically well tolerated sustained @entity2 . Oral @entity5 (800 mg day 500-600 mg the following days) prevented successfully pacing-induced @entity2 in 7 @entity0 (43.7 p. cent) and a partial result was obtained in additional 3 (18.7 p. cent). In 6 @entity0 @entity5 failed to prevent pacing-induced @entity2 including 2 @entity0 with a shorter cycle length on @entity5 (classified as aggravation). @entity1 cycle length lengthened in the remaining 4 a mean of 11 +/- 12 p. cent. One of the 7 @entity0 with a good result presented on @entity5 evidence of @entity3 . The remaining 6 underwent long-term therapy (600 mg/24 h). During a mean follow up of 19 +/- 4 months, 4 @entity0 are well controlled, 1 presented a side-effect ( @entity4 ) and 1 a recurrence. This study emphasizes the antiarrhythmic properties of @entity5 at the ventricular level and provides evidence of its usefulness in @entity0 with recurrent sustained @entity2 .

title: [Oral and intravenous @entity5 in the treatment of recurrent sustained XXXX . Electropharmacological study].

answer: @entity2


abstract: This study presents follow-up data on 95 @entity0 with transposition of the great arteries who underwent a Mustard intraatrial baffle operation. The @entity0 were followed up serially by means of scalar electrocardiograms and 24 hour Holter monitoring studies. The latter study was effective in documenting abnormal rhythm patterns when the standard electrocardiogram was within normal limits. Twenty percent of the @entity0 had @entity4 at the time of hospital discharge. new rhythm disturbances were recognized during each year of follow-up; 75% of the @entity0 had @entity1 by the sixth year. Slow junctional rhythm was the most common rhythm disturbance found. @entity3 did not occur. @entity8 occurred within the context of the @entity2 / @entity7 syndrome in 8 of 10 @entity0 , and in all it was documented after hospital discharge. The incidence of @entity5 in this series was 3%. Six of the @entity0 have had pacemaker insertions and there have been no deaths among these individuals. It was observed that the slow @entity6 that appeared after intraatrial correction of transposition of the great arteries rarely progressed to life-threatening @entity1 in childhood or adolescence, but the prognosis in adult life remains unknown. The three deaths in the series occurred in @entity0 with a history of supraventricular @entity2 . Elimination of @entity4 caused by extensive intraatrial surgery is one of the potential advantages of the arterial switch operation for correction of transposition of the great arteries.

title: XXXX after the Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries: a long-term study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between total dose intensity (TDI) of @entity3 / @entity5 , total dose intensity of all chemotherapy drugs (GDI) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: Over 700 studies from the English literature were reviewed. Prospective clinical trials that had at least one arm treating @entity0 with @entity3 / @entity5 and provided data on both @entity4 and dose and schedule of chemotherapy were included. Dose intensity (DI), TDI, and GDI were calculated for each study arm. To explore possible relationships, several linear regression models were fitted with @entity4 as the dependent variable and DI, TDI, GDI, and other known prognostic factors as the independent variables. RESULTS: Sixty-one study arms were analyzed including 4118 @entity0 . No significant correlation was found between DI and TDI of @entity3 and @entity4 (P = 0.90 and P = 0.11 respectively). Of the 10 variables tested, proportion of @entity0 optimally debulked (%OD), proportion of @entity1 , and GDI were found to have a significant correlation to @entity4 . All studies with a GDI less than 20 and %OD < 20 had a @entity4 less than 20 months. On the other hand 77% of studies have a @entity4 greater than 20 months when GDI is > 20 and %OD > 20%. We found single-agent chemotherapy had the worst outcome and there was very little difference between two or more drugs for percentage of studies with > 20 months @entity4 , (56.5% vs 63.3% respectively). CONCLUSIONS: From this meta-analysis we believe that both GDI and %OD are important factors that determine outcome in terms of @entity4 .

title: Meta-analysis comparing XXXX total dose intensity and survival.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The present article describes an @entity5 oxidase from Bothrops atrox snake venom as with antiprotozoal activities in @entity2 and in different species of @entity3 ( @entity3 braziliensis, @entity4 and @entity3 ). Leishmanicidal effects were inhibited by catalase, suggesting that they are mediated by @entity0 production. @entity3 spp. cause a spectrum of diseases, ranging from self-healing @entity1 to disseminated and often fatal infections, depending on the species involved and the host's immune response. BatroxLAAO also displays bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The apoptosis induced by BatroxLAAO on HL-60 cell lines and PBMC cells was determined by morphological cell evaluation using a mix of fluorescent dyes. As revealed by flow cytometry analysis, suppression of cell proliferation with BatroxLAAO was accompanied by the significant accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase boundary in HL-60 cells. BatroxLAAO at 25   g/mL and 50   g/mL blocked G0-G1 transition, resulting in G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, thereby delaying the progression of cells through S and G2/M phase in HL-60 cells. This was shown by an accentuated decrease in the proportion of cells in S phase, and the almost absence of G2/M phase cell population. BatroxLAAO is an interesting enzyme that provides a better understanding of the ophidian envenomation mechanism, and has biotechnological potential as a model for therapeutic agents.

title: Cell cycle arrest evidence, parasiticidal and bactericidal properties induced by XXXX oxidase from Bothrops atrox snake venom.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine sporadic cases of @entity1 of coancestry. DESIGN: An epidemiologic study of families of @entity0 with @entity1 . SETTING: A university-affiliated referral population. @entity0 : Family members of 13 @entity0 with @entity1 . MEASUREMENTS: Family pedigrees involving grandparents, parents, siblings, and @entity0 were supplemented by genealogic records. Coefficients of kinship (Ck) were calculated for the @entity0 with @entity1 who demonstrated coancestry and compared with 500 sets of controls drawn at random from genealogic records. RESULTS: Two @entity0 with @entity1 demonstrated coancestry. The great-great grandfather and great-great grandmother of one @entity0 were the great-grandfather and great-grandmother of the other @entity0 . No other cases of @entity1 were identified in these two families. The CK of the affected individuals (CK = 10.02 x 10(-5)) suggests strongly that the observed relationship did not occur by chance alone. Among 500 random sets of matched controls, only two sets yielded CK of 10.02 x 10(-5) or greater (p = 0.004). Coancestry could not be identified for the other five families of @entity0 with @entity1 for whom genealogic records were available. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of coancestry in @entity0 with @entity1 suggests that a genetic basis exists for some @entity0 with apparently @entity1 . @entity1 may be more common than previously recognized.

title: Coancestry in apparently XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To develop and evaluate a standardized data set for measuring pregnancy outcomes in @entity0 with @entity2 1 and @entity2 2 @entity1 and to compare recent outcomes with those of the 2002-2003 Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and @entity0 Health. METHODS: Existing regional, national and international data sets were compared for content, consistency and validity to develop a standardized data set for @entity1 in pregnancy of 46 key clinical items. The data set was tested retrospectively using data from 2007-2008 pregnancies included in three regional audits (Northern, North West and East Anglia). Obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies resulting in a @entity5 or live birth were compared with those from the same regions during 2002-2003. RESULTS: Details of 1381 pregnancies, 812 (58.9%) in @entity0 with @entity2 1 @entity1 and 556 (40.3%) in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 , were available to test the proposed standardized data set. Of the 46 data items proposed, only 16 (34.8%), predominantly the delivery and neonatal items, achieved >=  85% completeness. Ethnic group data were available for 746 (54.0%) pregnancies and BMI for 627 (46.5%) pregnancies. Glycaemic control data were most complete-available for 1217 pregnancies (88.1%), during the first trimester. Only 239 @entity0 (19.9%) had adequate pregnancy preparation, defined as pre-conception @entity4 and first trimester HbA(1c)  <= 7% ( <= 53 mmol/mol). Serious adverse outcome rates (major @entity3 and perinatal mortality) were 55/1000 and had not improved since 2002-2003. CONCLUSIONS: A standardized data set for @entity1 in pregnancy may improve consistency of data collection and allow for more meaningful evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in @entity0 with pregestational @entity1 .

title: Development and evaluation of a standardized registry for XXXX in pregnancy using data from the Northern, North West and East Anglia regional audits.

answer: @entity1


abstract: It is clear that @entity3 is a major hormonal regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis both in vitro and in vivo, and, thus, blood platelet production. Existing data show that the action, chemical nature, and immunologic properties of @entity3 from HEK cell culture medium and either endogenously produced or exogenously administered @entity3 from animal sources are similar, if not identical. Absolute identity, however, will require comparisons of @entity1 sequences of the two preparations. Recent studies have shown that not only does TSF potentiate the action of meg-CSF, but it also has a direct effect on precursor cells to increase the number of megakaryocytic colonies. Other in vitro work showed that TSF stimulates directly the SAChE+ precursor cells to become mature megakaryocytes and causes FMLC to differentiate into megakaryocytic colonies. In vivo, @entity4 increases megakaryocyte size and number, it causes an elevation in the number of the SAChE+ precursor cells in @entity0 marrow and increases the maturation of megakaryocytes. Moreover, TSF increases the endomitosis of megakaryocytes in the marrow of @entity0 , along with elevating the number of megakaryocytic colonies in spleens of lethally irradiated bone marrow reconstituted @entity0 . Platelet production is also stimulated in @entity0 by TSF as evidenced by elevated isotopic incorporation into platelets; it increases platelet sizes, and when administered in high doses TSF elevates platelet counts. Full development of colonies of megakaryocytes may depend on two growth factors. It has been hypothesized that one factor, meg-CSF, is effective in clonal expansion whereas a second factor is predominately involved in the endomitotic phase of megakaryocyte development. Multifactoral regulation has been observed for the other cell lineages, and a general proposal for hematopoietic development has been outlined by Iscove. In this scheme, specificity of @entity2 to erythroid cell lineage is indicated. Previous work, however, shows that recombinant @entity2 can act as a meg-CSF stimulus, indicating that much is yet to be learned about the action of hematopoietic regulatory factors. Although the present study showed that TSF may in some circumstances stimulate an early cell in the megakaryocytic series, its major effect is probably on the more differentiated population, leading to maturation of megakaryocytes and platelet production.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis by XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Prolonged prehospital delay in @entity0 experiencing @entity2 ( @entity2 ) remains a problem. Understanding which @entity0 respond best to particular interventions designed to decrease delay time would provide mechanistic insights into the process by which interventions work. METHODS: In the PROMOTION trial, 3522 at-risk @entity0 were enrolled from 5 sites in the United States (56.4%), Australia and New Zealand; 490 (N=272 intervention, N=218 control) had an acute event within 2 years. Focusing on these 490, we (1) identified predictors of a rapid response to symptoms, (2) identified intervention group subjects with a change in these predictors over 3 months of follow-up, and (3) compared intervention group @entity0 with and without the favorable response pattern. Hypothesized predictors of rapid response were increased perceived control and decreased @entity1 . Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs were hypothesized to differ between responders and non-responders. RESULTS: Contrary to hypothesis, responders had low @entity1 and low perceived control. Only 73 (26.8%) subjects showed this pattern 3 months following the intervention. No differences in @entity2 knowledge, attitudes, or beliefs were found. CONCLUSION: The results of this study challenge existing beliefs. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: New intervention approaches that focus on a realistic decrease in @entity1 and perceived control are needed.

title: Who listens to our advice? A secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial testing an intervention designed to decrease delay in seeking treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate @entity4 survival and identify mechanisms involved in @entity4 @entity7 during a 109.8 @entity0 -year experience with implanted pumps for peritoneal @entity6 delivery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Fifty-one type I @entity1 @entity0 were recruited in feasibility studies of two models of implanted systems for peritoneal @entity6 delivery. Both systems had a @entity5 -coated @entity3 @entity4 and infused Hoechst 21 PH neutral @entity6 (U400 or U100). Catheter obstruction was suspected each time the increase of @entity6 flow rate over 50% of usual need was insufficient to correct an impairment of glycemic control in the absence of of intercurrent factors. A laparoscopic examination was then systematically performed under general anesthesia. The disclosed material occluding the @entity4 was submitted to a pathological analysis. By actuarial analysis, we examined the estimated effects of the potential determinants of the catheters' duration of proper operation on @entity4 survival. RESULTS: Over an implantation duration of 25.8 +/- 14.0 months (mean +/- SD), 34 @entity4 @entity7 were diagnosed in 24 @entity0 , resulting in an incidence of 31 events per 100 @entity0 -years. Fifty percent survival rate of the first implanted @entity4 was 27 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 19-32) on actuarial analysis. Six catheters were cleared under laparoscopy and 24 were replaced, while 2 systems were definitively explanted and 2 combined replacements of pump and @entity4 were performed because of an associated pump slowdown. In five cases, an alkaline rinse procedure of the pump was necessary after @entity4 replacement to restore usual @entity6 needs, suggesting an associated @entity6 aggregation in the pump. Twenty @entity7 were due to a fibrin clot at the @entity4 tip, and 14 @entity7 were created by a tissue encapsulation around the @entity4 . A previous experience of peritoneal @entity6 infusion from portable pumps or a longer duration of @entity1 ( > 21 years) both appeared as conditions significantly reducing the time of a @entity4 's proper operation (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) either by @entity7 or by encapsulations. Pathological analysis of @entity4 encapsulations showed a collagen fibrosis in all studied @entity0 (n = 11), which was associated with a lymphocytic infiltrate in five @entity0 and also with anti- @entity6 immunoreactive @entity2 in four @entity0 . Catheter tip clots were composed of fibrinlike material, nonreactive to anti- @entity6 antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: Catheter obstruction is a frequent adverse technical event occurring with implanted @entity6 pumps. Progress is expected in the biocompatibility of @entity4 material and more specifically in the stability of @entity6 preparations to prevent immuno-inflammatory reactions and @entity6 @entity2 that appear to be involved in @entity4 failures.

title: Catheter complications associated with implantable systems for peritoneal XXXX delivery. An analysis of frequency, predisposing factors, and obstructing materials.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Proliferating cells express genes active in cell cycle control. The modulation of control genes and factors are required to maintain critical cell cycle activities. We used a set of monoclonal antibodies prepared against DNA-binding proteins from @entity3 cells in immunofluorescent microscopy to screen for proteins showing cell cycle-specific staining patterns. Here, we report cloning and characterizing of a novel mitogen-inducible gene from @entity0 macrophages that predicts a cell cycle-specifically modulated nuclear protein of 38 kDa, designated p38-2G4. p38-2G4 displayed a speckled pattern of varying fluorescence intensity confined to the nucleus, but sparing the nucleoli. Strongly stained granules were observed between G1 and mid S phase, followed by a less abundant punctated arrangement toward the end of S phase, and negative fluorescence at the S/G2 transition. Thereafter, the nuclear staining reappeared. Additionally, p38-2G4 expression vanished in G0-arrested cells and was restored after release from growth arrest. p38-2G4 conserved in vertebrates by means of immunofluorescence data contains a number of putative phosphorylation sites, a cryptic nuclear localization signal, and an amphipathic helical domain. Our cDNA and its deduced @entity1 sequence is related to a @entity2 gene encoding a 42-kDa protein that associates with curved DNA, suggesting that we have cloned the @entity0 homologue of the @entity2 gene which defines a novel cell cycle-specifically modified and proliferation-associated nuclear protein in mammals.

title: Molecular cloning of a XXXX cDNA encoding a novel protein, p @entity0 G4, which varies with the cell cycle.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Proliferating cells express genes active in cell cycle control. The modulation of control genes and factors are required to maintain critical cell cycle activities. We used a set of monoclonal antibodies prepared against DNA-binding proteins from @entity3 cells in immunofluorescent microscopy to screen for proteins showing cell cycle-specific staining patterns. Here, we report cloning and characterizing of a novel mitogen-inducible gene from @entity0 macrophages that predicts a cell cycle-specifically modulated nuclear protein of 38 kDa, designated p38-2G4. p38-2G4 displayed a speckled pattern of varying fluorescence intensity confined to the nucleus, but sparing the nucleoli. Strongly stained granules were observed between G1 and mid S phase, followed by a less abundant punctated arrangement toward the end of S phase, and negative fluorescence at the S/G2 transition. Thereafter, the nuclear staining reappeared. Additionally, p38-2G4 expression vanished in G0-arrested cells and was restored after release from growth arrest. p38-2G4 conserved in vertebrates by means of immunofluorescence data contains a number of putative phosphorylation sites, a cryptic nuclear localization signal, and an amphipathic helical domain. Our cDNA and its deduced @entity1 sequence is related to a @entity2 gene encoding a 42-kDa protein that associates with curved DNA, suggesting that we have cloned the @entity0 homologue of the @entity2 gene which defines a novel cell cycle-specifically modified and proliferation-associated nuclear protein in mammals.

title: Molecular cloning of a @entity0 cDNA encoding a novel protein, p XXXX G4, which varies with the cell cycle.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) belongs to the neurotrophin family, which also includes nerve growth factor, @entity3 , and @entity6 /5. @entity5 mRNA is widely expressed in the rodent nervous system, but the physiological function of the native protein is still unclear. Genetically modified cell lines that produce physiological amounts of @entity5 can provide a useful tool in the elucidation of the @entity5 effects in the adult central nervous system (CNS). Genetically modified @entity1 primary skin fibroblasts expressing and secreting @entity0 @entity5 ( @entity4 ) were prepared and characterized. In vitro, cell lines derived from different retroviral constructs expressed @entity4 mRNA, as determined by PCR and RNA blot analysis. Secretion of biologically active @entity4 was confirmed by specific elicitation of neurite outgrowth from cultured @entity2 primary sympathetic and sensory neurons and from @entity1 fetal locus coeruleus neurons in the presence of @entity4 -producing cell conditioned media. In vivo, implanted fibroblasts survived well up to the maximal experimental time points of 6 weeks (brain) and 4 weeks (spinal cord) and continued to express @entity4 mRNA in vivo. As early as 2 weeks postgrafting, specific sprouting of host sensory neurites in response to @entity4 -producing grafts was observed in the spinal cord. In contrast, @entity4 -producing cerebral grafts did not induce a sprouting response different from that observed with control grafts. These findings establish the existence of a regionally different responsiveness of the CNS axons to local @entity4 overexpression.

title: Regional differences in responsiveness of adult CNS axons to grafts of cells expressing @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) belongs to the neurotrophin family, which also includes nerve growth factor, @entity3 , and @entity6 /5. @entity5 mRNA is widely expressed in the rodent nervous system, but the physiological function of the native protein is still unclear. Genetically modified cell lines that produce physiological amounts of @entity5 can provide a useful tool in the elucidation of the @entity5 effects in the adult central nervous system (CNS). Genetically modified @entity1 primary skin fibroblasts expressing and secreting @entity0 @entity5 ( @entity4 ) were prepared and characterized. In vitro, cell lines derived from different retroviral constructs expressed @entity4 mRNA, as determined by PCR and RNA blot analysis. Secretion of biologically active @entity4 was confirmed by specific elicitation of neurite outgrowth from cultured @entity2 primary sympathetic and sensory neurons and from @entity1 fetal locus coeruleus neurons in the presence of @entity4 -producing cell conditioned media. In vivo, implanted fibroblasts survived well up to the maximal experimental time points of 6 weeks (brain) and 4 weeks (spinal cord) and continued to express @entity4 mRNA in vivo. As early as 2 weeks postgrafting, specific sprouting of host sensory neurites in response to @entity4 -producing grafts was observed in the spinal cord. In contrast, @entity4 -producing cerebral grafts did not induce a sprouting response different from that observed with control grafts. These findings establish the existence of a regionally different responsiveness of the CNS axons to local @entity4 overexpression.

title: Regional differences in responsiveness of adult CNS axons to grafts of cells expressing XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the benefit of percutaneous interventional management of @entity0 with postoperative @entity7 on clinical outcome. Primary study endpoints were closure of the @entity7 and duration of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) treatment. Secondary study endpoints were necessity of additional CT-guided drainage catheter placement, course of serum CRP level as parameter for @entity1 , and @entity0 ' survival. METHODS: Between January 2004 and April 2008, all @entity0 who underwent PTBD placement after upper gastrointestinal surgery were analyzed regarding site of @entity7 and previous attempt of operative @entity7 repair, interval between initial surgery and PTBD placement, procedural interventional management, course of @entity1 parameters, duration of PTBD therapy, PTBD-related complications, and @entity0 ' survival. RESULTS: Thirty @entity0 underwent PTBD placement for treatment of @entity2 . In 12 @entity0 (40%), PTBD was performed secondary to a surgical attempt of @entity7 repair. Additional percutaneous @entity8 was performed in 14 @entity0 (47%). CRP serum level decreased from 138.1    73.4 mg/l before PTBD placement to 43.5    33.4 mg/l 30 days after PTBD placement. The mean duration of @entity9 treatment was 55.2    32.5 days in the surviving @entity0 . In one @entity0 , a delayed @entity6 of the bile duct required @entity5 . Two PTBD-related complications ( @entity4 , @entity3 ) occurred, which were successfully treated by embolization. Overall survival was 73% (22 @entity0 ). CONCLUSIONS: PTBD treatment is an effective therapy. PTBD treatment and additional CT-guided @entity8 helped to reduce intraabdominal @entity1 , as shown by @entity1 parameters.

title: Percutaneous management of XXXX after upper gastrointestinal surgery.

answer: @entity2