abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and role of @entity4 in @entity0 lens epithelial cells (LECs) of @entity2 ( @entity3 )-induced @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 lenses were cultured in vitro and @entity1 was induced by 2 mM @entity3 . The lenses were observed under microscope. Simultaneously, photographs and picture analyses were done in order to detect the variation of the opacity. The expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs was detected with immunohistochemical method and compared with a control group. RESULTS: When the lenses were cultured in 2 mM @entity3 for 3 hours (h), the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs was increased obviously. There was significant difference between @entity3 -induced and the control group (P = 0.006). After 6 h, vesicles appeared at the equator of the lenses. There was a significant difference between the result of picture analysis of @entity3 -induced and control group (P = 0.013). So the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs of @entity3 -induced @entity1 was increased before @entity1 occurred. After induced with @entity3 for 24 h, the opacity of lenses and the expression of LECs were both increased as compared with that at 6 h (P = 0.000, 0.000). CONCLUSION: @entity3 can enhance the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs which may play a role in the mechanism of oxidative stress-induced @entity1 .

title: [The expression of @entity4 in @entity0 lens epithelial cells of XXXX -induced @entity1 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and role of @entity4 in @entity0 lens epithelial cells (LECs) of @entity2 ( @entity3 )-induced @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 lenses were cultured in vitro and @entity1 was induced by 2 mM @entity3 . The lenses were observed under microscope. Simultaneously, photographs and picture analyses were done in order to detect the variation of the opacity. The expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs was detected with immunohistochemical method and compared with a control group. RESULTS: When the lenses were cultured in 2 mM @entity3 for 3 hours (h), the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs was increased obviously. There was significant difference between @entity3 -induced and the control group (P = 0.006). After 6 h, vesicles appeared at the equator of the lenses. There was a significant difference between the result of picture analysis of @entity3 -induced and control group (P = 0.013). So the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs of @entity3 -induced @entity1 was increased before @entity1 occurred. After induced with @entity3 for 24 h, the opacity of lenses and the expression of LECs were both increased as compared with that at 6 h (P = 0.000, 0.000). CONCLUSION: @entity3 can enhance the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs which may play a role in the mechanism of oxidative stress-induced @entity1 .

title: [The expression of @entity4 in @entity0 lens epithelial cells of @entity2 -induced XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and role of @entity4 in @entity0 lens epithelial cells (LECs) of @entity2 ( @entity3 )-induced @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 lenses were cultured in vitro and @entity1 was induced by 2 mM @entity3 . The lenses were observed under microscope. Simultaneously, photographs and picture analyses were done in order to detect the variation of the opacity. The expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs was detected with immunohistochemical method and compared with a control group. RESULTS: When the lenses were cultured in 2 mM @entity3 for 3 hours (h), the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs was increased obviously. There was significant difference between @entity3 -induced and the control group (P = 0.006). After 6 h, vesicles appeared at the equator of the lenses. There was a significant difference between the result of picture analysis of @entity3 -induced and control group (P = 0.013). So the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs of @entity3 -induced @entity1 was increased before @entity1 occurred. After induced with @entity3 for 24 h, the opacity of lenses and the expression of LECs were both increased as compared with that at 6 h (P = 0.000, 0.000). CONCLUSION: @entity3 can enhance the expression of @entity4 in @entity0 LECs which may play a role in the mechanism of oxidative stress-induced @entity1 .

title: [The expression of @entity4 in XXXX lens epithelial cells of @entity2 -induced @entity1 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal choice for the stabilization of displaced @entity6 remains controversial, with alternatives including arthroplasty and internal fixation. Our objective was to determine the effect of arthroplasty (hemiarthroplasty, @entity2 , and total hip arthroplasty), compared with that of internal fixation, on rates of mortality, revision, @entity1 , function, operating time, and wound @entity5 in @entity0 with a displaced @entity6 . METHODS: We searched computerized databases for randomized clinical trials published between 1969 and 2002, and we identified additional studies through hand searches of major orthopaedic journals, bibliographies of major orthopaedic textbooks, and personal files. Of 140 citations initially identified, fourteen met all eligibility criteria. Three investigators independently graded study quality and abstracted relevant data, including information on revision and mortality rates. RESULTS: Nine trials, which included a total of 1162 @entity0 , provided detailed information on mortality rates over the first four postoperative months, which ranged from 0% to 20%. We found a trend toward an increase in the relative risk of @entity4 in the first four months after arthroplasty compared with the risk in the first four months after internal fixation (relative risk, 1.27). At one year, the relative risk of @entity4 was 1.04. The risk of @entity4 after arthroplasty appeared to be higher than that after fixation with a compression screw and side-plate but not higher than that after internal fixation with use of screws only (relative risk = 1.75 and 0.86, respectively; p < 0.05). Fourteen trials that included a total of 1901 @entity0 provided data on revision surgery. The relative risk of revision surgery after arthroplasty compared with the risk after internal fixation was 0.23 (p = 0.0003). @entity1 relief and the attainment of overall good function were similar in @entity0 treated with arthroplasty and those treated with internal fixation (relative risk, 1.12 for @entity1 relief and 0.99 for function). Infection rates ranged from 0% to 18%, and arthroplasty significantly increased the risk of @entity5 (relative risk, 1.81; p = 0.009). In addition, @entity0 who underwent arthroplasty had greater @entity3 and longer operative times than those who were treated with internal fixation. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison with internal fixation, arthroplasty for the treatment of a displaced @entity6 significantly reduces the risk of revision surgery, at the cost of greater @entity5 rates, @entity3 , and operative time and possibly an increase in early mortality rates. Only larger trials will resolve the critical question of the impact on early mortality.

title: Internal fixation compared with arthroplasty for displaced XXXX . A meta-analysis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between low @entity3 ( @entity3 ) risk and the mortalities of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity2 , @entity1 and all causes as well as life expectancy in Chinese population. METHODS: @entity3 risk factors were surveyed in 1982 approximately 1985 for 30 thousand male and female @entity0 aged 35 approximately 59 from 10 Chinese population groups including 3 groups of factory workers, 6 groups of farmers and 1 group of fishermen according a uniform protocol with standardized methods. Follow-up was carried out up to 1999 approximately 2000 and the causes of @entity6 were all documented. Low cardiovascular risk was defined as: @entity8 /DBP < 120/80 mm Hg without anti- @entity4 medication 2 weeks before the baseline survey, serum total @entity5 < 5.17 mmol/L, BMI > 18.5 but < 24 kg/m(2) and no smoking at baseline survey. Mortality rates of @entity7 and @entity2 , @entity1 and all causes the @entity0 with low @entity3 risk were compared with the rest of the cohort and difference in life expectancy was estimated. RESULTS: Out of the whole cohort of 30 560 @entity0 , 24 900 with complete data were available for the present analysis. Among these, 4 542 @entity0 (18.2%) were defined as low @entity3 risk group, including 959 (7.7%) @entity0 and 3 583 (28.9%) @entity0 . During a follow-up of 15.2 years on average, 243 deaths including 6 @entity7 , 15 @entity2 and 117 @entity1 deaths took place in low risk group, while 2 383 deaths including 182 @entity7 , 333 @entity2 , and 934 @entity1 deaths occurred in rest of the cohort. Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age showed that the relative risks of @entity6 of @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 and all causes in low risk group were 0.51 (95% CI: 0.19 approximately 1.37), 0.30 (95% CI: 0.11 approximately 0.81), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.62 approximately 1.19) and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.62 approximately 0.96) for @entity0 and 0.11 (95% CI: 0.03 approximately 0.45), 0.31 (95% CI: 0.17 approximately 0.58), 0.84 (95% CI: 0.66 approximately 1.10) and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.56 approximately 0.79) for @entity0 , respectively. Life expectancy was 2.6 years longer for @entity0 and 4.0 years longer for @entity0 in the low risk group. CONCLUSION: The mortality rates of @entity3 and all causes were lower and life expectancy was longer in the @entity0 with low @entity3 risk. Keeping low risk profile may not only prevent from having @entity3 but also extend life expectancy.

title: [Relative risk of XXXX and life expectancy in low cardiovascular risk population].

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate--relative to routine clinical practice--the potential cost-effectiveness of implementing a strategy compliant with National Institute of @entity1 and @entity2 (NINDS) recommendations for care of @entity0 presenting with signs and symptoms of acute @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A discrete-event simulation model of the process of @entity2 care from symptom onset through administration of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was constructed. A literature review was performed to determine process times, performance of computed tomography (CT), health outcomes, and cost estimates. The following were compared: (a) a "base-case" strategy determined on the basis of findings in the literature and (b) a NINDS-compliant strategy (ie, evaluation by emergency physician in less than 10 minutes, interpretation of CT scans within 45 minutes, and administration of @entity4 within 1 hour after presentation). Strategies were compared with regard to cost and effectiveness. Sensitivity analyses were performed for all relevant cost, timing, and resource parameters. Outcomes of concern were quality-adjusted life years and number of @entity0 treated within a 3-hour therapeutic window. RESULTS: The NINDS-compliant strategy resulted in an average quality-adjusted life years value of 3.64, versus 3.63 for the base case, at an approximate cost of 434 US dollars per @entity0 . The NINDS-compliant strategy increased the proportion of treatable @entity0 from 1.4% to 3.7% and remained cost-effective for expenditures of up to 450 US dollars per @entity0 . Assuming base-case parameters are used, increasing the number of CT scanners from two to eight raised the proportion of treatable @entity0 to 1.5%. Increasing the number of available neurologists from four to eight raised the proportion to 1.44%. Reducing the time from @entity2 onset to emergency department arrival by 30 minutes raised the proportion to up to 7.7%. CONCLUSION: Applying NINDS recommendations is potentially cost-effective, although reducing the time from @entity2 onset to emergency department arrival may be even more so.

title: XXXX : Effect of implementing an evaluation and treatment protocol compliant with NINDS recommendations.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The refinement in the localization of prostate @entity1 @entity1 foci through transperineal template-mapping biopsies and MRI has led to an increased interest in lesion-directed focal prostatic cryoablation. Data are lacking, however, that compare the outcomes of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The aim of our study was to assess both oncologic and functional outcomes between @entity5 and @entity3 cryoablation of the prostate after having matched @entity0 for preoperative characteristics. @entity0 AND METHODS: We matched with a 1:1 ratio 317 @entity0 who underwent @entity3 with 317 who underwent @entity5 treatment in the Cryo Online Data (COLD) registry between 2007 and 2013. All @entity0 were low-risk according to the D'Amico risk groups and were matched according to age at surgery. We only included preoperatively potent @entity0 . Oncologic outcomes were biochemical recurrence (BCR) free-survival defined according to the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) and Phoenix criteria and assessed by Kaplan-Meier curves. Only @entity0 with @entity4 (PSA) nadir data were included in oncologic outcome analysis. Functional outcomes were assessed at 6, 12, and 24 months after the procedure for erectile function (defined as ability to have intercourse with or without erectile aids), urinary continence, urinary retention, and rates of @entity2 formation. RESULTS: Median age at the time of the procedure was 66.5 years (standard deviation [SD] 6.6   y), and median follow-up time was 58.3 months. After surgery, 30% (n=95) and 17% (n=55) of the @entity0 who received @entity5 and @entity3 , respectively, underwent biopsy, with positive biopsy rates of 11.6% and 14.5%, respectively. BCR-free survival rates at 60 months according to the Phoenix definition were 80.1% and 71.3% in the @entity5 and @entity3 cohorts, respectively, with a hazard ratio of 0.827; according to the ASTRO definition, they were 82.1% and 73%, respectively (all P >=  0.1). Erectile function data at 24 months was available for 172 @entity5 and 160 @entity3 treated @entity0 . Recovery of erection was achieved in 46.8% and 68.8% of @entity0 in the @entity5 and @entity3 cohorts, respectively (P=0.001). Urinary function data at 24 months was available for 307 @entity5 and 313 @entity3 @entity0 . Continence rates were 98.7% and 100% for @entity5 and @entity3 groups, respectively (P=0.02). Urinary retention at 6, 12, and 24 months was reported in 7.3%, 1.9%, and 0.6%, respectively, in the @entity5 arm, and in 5%, 1.3%, and 0.9%, respectively, in the @entity3 arm. Finally, only one @entity2 was reported in each group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with low-risk prostate @entity1 who underwent @entity3 cryoablation had comparable BCR-survival rates at 60 months to @entity0 treated with @entity5 . However, @entity3 @entity0 had higher erectile function preservation rates at 24 months post-procedure. Urinary continence, retention and @entity2 rates were similar between the two treatment groups.

title: Comparison of Outcomes Between Preoperatively Potent XXXX Treated with Focal Versus Whole Gland Cryotherapy in a Matched Population.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the hematopoietic and immunologic reconstitution and transplantation-related complications of HLA one locus mismatched unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation for the treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: Two @entity0 with @entity4 received HLA-mismatched unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation. The conditioning regimens were BU-CTX (case 1) and BU-CTX plus BCNU (case 2). GVHD prophylaxis regimen consisted of @entity1 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity6 ). The @entity0 received 14.6 x 10(7) nucleated cells/kg with 7.24 x 10(5) CD(34)(+) cells/kg and 16.24 x 10(7) nucleated cells/kg with 21.11 x 10(5) CD(34)(+) cells/kg, respectively. RESULTS: The two recipients, ANC > 0.5 x 10(9)/L occurred at day 27 and day 17, BPC > 50 x 10(9)/L at day 53 and day 46, the peripheral blood counts normalization at day 60 and day 52, the immune function normalization at day 134 and day 122 and the DNA fingerprinting showing engraftment at day 19 and day 17, respectively. The donor-recipient pair of case 1 was male to female, and the chromosome karyotype of recipients bone marrow and peripheral blood cells showed 100%, 46, XY cells at day 49. Grade II @entity7 ( @entity7 ) occurred at day 26 (case 1) and day 21 (case 2). The two recipients have survived for 353 days and 256 days. CONCLUSION: The hematopoietic and immunologic reconstitution in umbilical cord blood transplantation were earlier and more durable. The transplantation-related complications were less and @entity7 were milder.

title: [Treatment of two case childhood XXXX by HLA-mismatched unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risks of facial, trigeminal and @entity2 after @entity3 gamma knife radiosurgery. METHODS: The clinical data of forty-three @entity0 with 46 masses of @entity3 who underwent gamma knife radiosurgery with the dose of 12 approximately 15 Gy to the @entity1 margin between January 1997 and October 2000 and were followed up for 6 approximately 24 months (on average 16.9 months) were studied. The @entity1 diameter was 10 approximately 20 mm in 12 cases, 21 approximately 30 mm in 23 cases, >/= 31 mm in 11 cases, with the average value of 28 mm. RESULTS: The @entity1 control rate was 91.3%. The useful hearing preservation rate was 100% immediately after radiosurgery, 87% 6 months later and 78% 2 years later. The hearing preservation rate was high for small @entity1 . The @entity2 began to appear after 6 months. The incidence rates of @entity2 was 15.3%, 7.6%, and 3.8% 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after radiosurgery respectively. The incidence rates of trigeminal @entity2 was 11.4%, 3.8%, and 3.8% respectively 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after radiosurgery. The incidence of @entity2 was 3.8% for @entity1 with a diameter < 30 mm for both facial and trigeminal nerves. The hearing in 2 out of 15 cases with dysaudia began to improve 6 months after radiosurgery. The incidence of @entity2 for @entity1 with the diameter > 30 mm was 3.8% for both nerves 2 years after raadiosurgery. The preservation rate of useful hearing for @entity1 with the diameter < 20 mm was 100% after radiosurgery. CONCLUSION: Stereotactic radiosurgery using gamma knife with a dose of 12 approximately 15 Gy to the @entity1 margin succeeds in controlling @entity3 and preserving useful hearing. The incidence of @entity2 are low. The @entity2 caused by gamma knife radiosurgery is sub-lethal and can be recovered gradually.

title: [Neuropathy in nearby cranial nerves after XXXX gamma knife radiosurgery, a follow-up study].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of combination of @entity3 ( @entity8 ) with @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity6 ) on prophylaxes of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in HLA-matched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT). METHODS: Thirty-nine @entity0 with @entity11 (n = 21) and @entity7 (n = 17) and severe @entity10 (n = 1) were treated with allo-PBSCT from HLA matched siblings (n = 36) or unrelated donors (n = 3). Twenty-six @entity0 were in @entity4 + @entity6 group. @entity4 was given at a dosage of 2 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) by continuous intravenous injection for 24 h, since on day(-1) and injection of @entity4 was changed to oral administration of @entity4 around day 18. @entity4 was tapered by 10% per week after day + 90. @entity6 was given at the dosage of 15 mg at day + 1, and 10 mg at day + 3, + 6 and + 11, respectively. Thirteen @entity0 were included in @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 group with the same dosage of @entity4 and @entity6 as above but omitted at day + 11. @entity8 of 2 g/day was added orally from day + 1 to day + 28 post transplantation. RESULTS: All @entity0 in both groups were successfully engrafted. The days of recovery of neutrophils and platelets were not significantly different between two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of @entity9 in @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 group (7.6%) was significantly lower than that in @entity4 / @entity6 group (46.2%, P < 0.05). Incidence of grade II approximately IV @entity9 in @entity8 group was 0 while that in control group was 23.0%. The incidence of severe @entity1 was lower in @entity8 group (15.4%) than in the control group (30.8%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The regimen of @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 for prevention of @entity9 in allo-PBSCT is more efficient than that of @entity4 + @entity6 , without adversely affecting the engraftment and relapse rate.

title: [Combination of @entity3 with @entity2 and XXXX for the prophylaxes of acute graft versus @entity9 in allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of combination of @entity3 ( @entity8 ) with @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity6 ) on prophylaxes of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in HLA-matched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT). METHODS: Thirty-nine @entity0 with @entity11 (n = 21) and @entity7 (n = 17) and severe @entity10 (n = 1) were treated with allo-PBSCT from HLA matched siblings (n = 36) or unrelated donors (n = 3). Twenty-six @entity0 were in @entity4 + @entity6 group. @entity4 was given at a dosage of 2 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) by continuous intravenous injection for 24 h, since on day(-1) and injection of @entity4 was changed to oral administration of @entity4 around day 18. @entity4 was tapered by 10% per week after day + 90. @entity6 was given at the dosage of 15 mg at day + 1, and 10 mg at day + 3, + 6 and + 11, respectively. Thirteen @entity0 were included in @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 group with the same dosage of @entity4 and @entity6 as above but omitted at day + 11. @entity8 of 2 g/day was added orally from day + 1 to day + 28 post transplantation. RESULTS: All @entity0 in both groups were successfully engrafted. The days of recovery of neutrophils and platelets were not significantly different between two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of @entity9 in @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 group (7.6%) was significantly lower than that in @entity4 / @entity6 group (46.2%, P < 0.05). Incidence of grade II approximately IV @entity9 in @entity8 group was 0 while that in control group was 23.0%. The incidence of severe @entity1 was lower in @entity8 group (15.4%) than in the control group (30.8%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The regimen of @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 for prevention of @entity9 in allo-PBSCT is more efficient than that of @entity4 + @entity6 , without adversely affecting the engraftment and relapse rate.

title: [Combination of @entity3 with XXXX and @entity5 for the prophylaxes of acute graft versus @entity9 in allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of combination of @entity3 ( @entity8 ) with @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity6 ) on prophylaxes of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in HLA-matched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT). METHODS: Thirty-nine @entity0 with @entity11 (n = 21) and @entity7 (n = 17) and severe @entity10 (n = 1) were treated with allo-PBSCT from HLA matched siblings (n = 36) or unrelated donors (n = 3). Twenty-six @entity0 were in @entity4 + @entity6 group. @entity4 was given at a dosage of 2 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) by continuous intravenous injection for 24 h, since on day(-1) and injection of @entity4 was changed to oral administration of @entity4 around day 18. @entity4 was tapered by 10% per week after day + 90. @entity6 was given at the dosage of 15 mg at day + 1, and 10 mg at day + 3, + 6 and + 11, respectively. Thirteen @entity0 were included in @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 group with the same dosage of @entity4 and @entity6 as above but omitted at day + 11. @entity8 of 2 g/day was added orally from day + 1 to day + 28 post transplantation. RESULTS: All @entity0 in both groups were successfully engrafted. The days of recovery of neutrophils and platelets were not significantly different between two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of @entity9 in @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 group (7.6%) was significantly lower than that in @entity4 / @entity6 group (46.2%, P < 0.05). Incidence of grade II approximately IV @entity9 in @entity8 group was 0 while that in control group was 23.0%. The incidence of severe @entity1 was lower in @entity8 group (15.4%) than in the control group (30.8%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The regimen of @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 for prevention of @entity9 in allo-PBSCT is more efficient than that of @entity4 + @entity6 , without adversely affecting the engraftment and relapse rate.

title: [Combination of @entity3 with @entity2 and @entity5 for the prophylaxes of acute graft versus XXXX in allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation].

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of combination of @entity3 ( @entity8 ) with @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity6 ) on prophylaxes of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in HLA-matched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT). METHODS: Thirty-nine @entity0 with @entity11 (n = 21) and @entity7 (n = 17) and severe @entity10 (n = 1) were treated with allo-PBSCT from HLA matched siblings (n = 36) or unrelated donors (n = 3). Twenty-six @entity0 were in @entity4 + @entity6 group. @entity4 was given at a dosage of 2 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) by continuous intravenous injection for 24 h, since on day(-1) and injection of @entity4 was changed to oral administration of @entity4 around day 18. @entity4 was tapered by 10% per week after day + 90. @entity6 was given at the dosage of 15 mg at day + 1, and 10 mg at day + 3, + 6 and + 11, respectively. Thirteen @entity0 were included in @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 group with the same dosage of @entity4 and @entity6 as above but omitted at day + 11. @entity8 of 2 g/day was added orally from day + 1 to day + 28 post transplantation. RESULTS: All @entity0 in both groups were successfully engrafted. The days of recovery of neutrophils and platelets were not significantly different between two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of @entity9 in @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 group (7.6%) was significantly lower than that in @entity4 / @entity6 group (46.2%, P < 0.05). Incidence of grade II approximately IV @entity9 in @entity8 group was 0 while that in control group was 23.0%. The incidence of severe @entity1 was lower in @entity8 group (15.4%) than in the control group (30.8%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The regimen of @entity8 + @entity4 + @entity6 for prevention of @entity9 in allo-PBSCT is more efficient than that of @entity4 + @entity6 , without adversely affecting the engraftment and relapse rate.

title: [Combination of XXXX with @entity2 and @entity5 for the prophylaxes of acute graft versus @entity9 in allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of @entity1 preconditioning (IPC) for hepatic resection under hepatic blood inflow occlusion (HBIO) in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 and its possible mechanism. METHODS: 29 consecutive @entity0 resectable @entity3 were randomized into two groups. @entity7 group: before HBIO, IPC with 5 min of @entity1 and 5 min of reperfusion was given; control group: simple HBIO. The liver function, hepatic @entity4 activity, and apoptotic cell were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The @entity8 , ALT levels of @entity5 , POD 3 and POD 7 in the IPC group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (t = 4.238, P < 0.05). The TBIL levels of POD 3 and POD 7 in the IPC group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (t = 2.296, P < 0.05). The @entity6 of @entity5 in the IPC group was higher than in the control group (t = 2.029, P > 0.05). After 1 h of reperfusion, the hepatic @entity4 activity and apoptotic sinusoidal endothelial cell were significantly higher than those of in the control group (t = 2.349, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IPC has the a protective effect in hepatic resection under HBIO in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 . Its mechanism is that sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis is inhibited by inhibiting @entity4 activity.

title: [The protective effect and mechanism of @entity1 preconditioning for hepatic resection under hepatic blood inflow occlusion in XXXX @entity0 with @entity2 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of @entity1 preconditioning (IPC) for hepatic resection under hepatic blood inflow occlusion (HBIO) in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 and its possible mechanism. METHODS: 29 consecutive @entity0 resectable @entity3 were randomized into two groups. @entity7 group: before HBIO, IPC with 5 min of @entity1 and 5 min of reperfusion was given; control group: simple HBIO. The liver function, hepatic @entity4 activity, and apoptotic cell were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The @entity8 , ALT levels of @entity5 , POD 3 and POD 7 in the IPC group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (t = 4.238, P < 0.05). The TBIL levels of POD 3 and POD 7 in the IPC group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (t = 2.296, P < 0.05). The @entity6 of @entity5 in the IPC group was higher than in the control group (t = 2.029, P > 0.05). After 1 h of reperfusion, the hepatic @entity4 activity and apoptotic sinusoidal endothelial cell were significantly higher than those of in the control group (t = 2.349, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IPC has the a protective effect in hepatic resection under HBIO in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 . Its mechanism is that sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis is inhibited by inhibiting @entity4 activity.

title: [The protective effect and mechanism of @entity1 preconditioning for hepatic resection under hepatic blood inflow occlusion in @entity3 @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of @entity1 preconditioning (IPC) for hepatic resection under hepatic blood inflow occlusion (HBIO) in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 and its possible mechanism. METHODS: 29 consecutive @entity0 resectable @entity3 were randomized into two groups. @entity7 group: before HBIO, IPC with 5 min of @entity1 and 5 min of reperfusion was given; control group: simple HBIO. The liver function, hepatic @entity4 activity, and apoptotic cell were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The @entity8 , ALT levels of @entity5 , POD 3 and POD 7 in the IPC group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (t = 4.238, P < 0.05). The TBIL levels of POD 3 and POD 7 in the IPC group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (t = 2.296, P < 0.05). The @entity6 of @entity5 in the IPC group was higher than in the control group (t = 2.029, P > 0.05). After 1 h of reperfusion, the hepatic @entity4 activity and apoptotic sinusoidal endothelial cell were significantly higher than those of in the control group (t = 2.349, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IPC has the a protective effect in hepatic resection under HBIO in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 . Its mechanism is that sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis is inhibited by inhibiting @entity4 activity.

title: [The protective effect and mechanism of XXXX preconditioning for hepatic resection under hepatic blood inflow occlusion in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of @entity1 preconditioning (IPC) for hepatic resection under hepatic blood inflow occlusion (HBIO) in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 and its possible mechanism. METHODS: 29 consecutive @entity0 resectable @entity3 were randomized into two groups. @entity7 group: before HBIO, IPC with 5 min of @entity1 and 5 min of reperfusion was given; control group: simple HBIO. The liver function, hepatic @entity4 activity, and apoptotic cell were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The @entity8 , ALT levels of @entity5 , POD 3 and POD 7 in the IPC group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (t = 4.238, P < 0.05). The TBIL levels of POD 3 and POD 7 in the IPC group were significantly higher than those of the control group, respectively (t = 2.296, P < 0.05). The @entity6 of @entity5 in the IPC group was higher than in the control group (t = 2.029, P > 0.05). After 1 h of reperfusion, the hepatic @entity4 activity and apoptotic sinusoidal endothelial cell were significantly higher than those of in the control group (t = 2.349, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IPC has the a protective effect in hepatic resection under HBIO in @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 . Its mechanism is that sinusoidal endothelial cell apoptosis is inhibited by inhibiting @entity4 activity.

title: [The protective effect and mechanism of @entity1 preconditioning for hepatic resection under hepatic blood inflow occlusion in @entity3 XXXX with @entity2 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of @entity0 with spinal cord @entity2 . METHODS: Clinical data on 23 @entity0 with intramedually cavernous @entity3 were analyzed. The function of the spinal cord was evaluated before and after treatment using the Aminoff _ Logue scale. RESULTS: All @entity0 underwent resection of spinal cord @entity2 except two @entity0 who refused surgical treatment. Complete removal was achieved in 18 @entity0 , and subtotal removal in 3. Twenty-one @entity0 with spinal @entity2 were confirmed pathologically. The postoperative neurological status was improved in 15 @entity0 , remained unchanged in 4, and aggravated in 2. No @entity1 occurred. CONCLUSIONS: MRI is specific in diagnosis of intramedually @entity2 . The outcome of surgical treatment is better. Surgical treatment is suitable for @entity0 with symptoms.

title: [Diagnosis and treatment of spinal cord XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The management of refractory @entity3 in childhood is challenging due to the lack of established evidence on escalating treatments. The long-term efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs was evaluated in @entity0 with refractory @entity3 referred to the Haematology Unit of the Gaslini @entity0 's Hospital between 2001 and 2014. @entity0 were grouped into three categories: @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity7 (at least one absolute/primary additional criterion for @entity7 ) and primary @entity3 (PAC, @entity4 with no other immunological symptoms/signs). Fifty-eight @entity0 (aged 1-16  years) entered the study: 12 were categorized with @entity7 , 24 were @entity7 -related and 22 had PAC. Five didn't receive treatment. Fifty-three were initially treated with @entity1 /intravenous immunoglobulin. Fourteen responded, whereas 39 did not. Of these 39 @entity0 , 34 (87%) received @entity2 ( @entity5 ) as second/further-line treatment and 22 (65%) responded. Within these 34 subjects, @entity7 @entity0 responded better (11/11, 100%) than the two other groups pooled together (11/23, 48%; P  =  0  002). @entity6 was given as second/further-line treatment to 16 @entity0 , and 12 (75%) responded, including 8 who previously failed @entity5 therapy. Median follow-up was 3  46  years. @entity5 and @entity6 were well-tolerated and enabled partial/complete and sustained remission in most @entity0 . These drugs may be successfully and safely used in @entity0 with refractory @entity3 with or without @entity7 / @entity7 and may represent a valid second/further line option.

title: @entity2 and @entity6 as second or further line treatment in @entity0 with chronic refractory Primitive or Secondary XXXX : a single centre experience.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The management of refractory @entity3 in childhood is challenging due to the lack of established evidence on escalating treatments. The long-term efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs was evaluated in @entity0 with refractory @entity3 referred to the Haematology Unit of the Gaslini @entity0 's Hospital between 2001 and 2014. @entity0 were grouped into three categories: @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity7 (at least one absolute/primary additional criterion for @entity7 ) and primary @entity3 (PAC, @entity4 with no other immunological symptoms/signs). Fifty-eight @entity0 (aged 1-16  years) entered the study: 12 were categorized with @entity7 , 24 were @entity7 -related and 22 had PAC. Five didn't receive treatment. Fifty-three were initially treated with @entity1 /intravenous immunoglobulin. Fourteen responded, whereas 39 did not. Of these 39 @entity0 , 34 (87%) received @entity2 ( @entity5 ) as second/further-line treatment and 22 (65%) responded. Within these 34 subjects, @entity7 @entity0 responded better (11/11, 100%) than the two other groups pooled together (11/23, 48%; P  =  0  002). @entity6 was given as second/further-line treatment to 16 @entity0 , and 12 (75%) responded, including 8 who previously failed @entity5 therapy. Median follow-up was 3  46  years. @entity5 and @entity6 were well-tolerated and enabled partial/complete and sustained remission in most @entity0 . These drugs may be successfully and safely used in @entity0 with refractory @entity3 with or without @entity7 / @entity7 and may represent a valid second/further line option.

title: @entity2 and XXXX as second or further line treatment in @entity0 with chronic refractory Primitive or Secondary @entity3 : a single centre experience.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The management of refractory @entity3 in childhood is challenging due to the lack of established evidence on escalating treatments. The long-term efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs was evaluated in @entity0 with refractory @entity3 referred to the Haematology Unit of the Gaslini @entity0 's Hospital between 2001 and 2014. @entity0 were grouped into three categories: @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity7 (at least one absolute/primary additional criterion for @entity7 ) and primary @entity3 (PAC, @entity4 with no other immunological symptoms/signs). Fifty-eight @entity0 (aged 1-16  years) entered the study: 12 were categorized with @entity7 , 24 were @entity7 -related and 22 had PAC. Five didn't receive treatment. Fifty-three were initially treated with @entity1 /intravenous immunoglobulin. Fourteen responded, whereas 39 did not. Of these 39 @entity0 , 34 (87%) received @entity2 ( @entity5 ) as second/further-line treatment and 22 (65%) responded. Within these 34 subjects, @entity7 @entity0 responded better (11/11, 100%) than the two other groups pooled together (11/23, 48%; P  =  0  002). @entity6 was given as second/further-line treatment to 16 @entity0 , and 12 (75%) responded, including 8 who previously failed @entity5 therapy. Median follow-up was 3  46  years. @entity5 and @entity6 were well-tolerated and enabled partial/complete and sustained remission in most @entity0 . These drugs may be successfully and safely used in @entity0 with refractory @entity3 with or without @entity7 / @entity7 and may represent a valid second/further line option.

title: XXXX and @entity6 as second or further line treatment in @entity0 with chronic refractory Primitive or Secondary @entity3 : a single centre experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The management of refractory @entity3 in childhood is challenging due to the lack of established evidence on escalating treatments. The long-term efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs was evaluated in @entity0 with refractory @entity3 referred to the Haematology Unit of the Gaslini @entity0 's Hospital between 2001 and 2014. @entity0 were grouped into three categories: @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity7 (at least one absolute/primary additional criterion for @entity7 ) and primary @entity3 (PAC, @entity4 with no other immunological symptoms/signs). Fifty-eight @entity0 (aged 1-16  years) entered the study: 12 were categorized with @entity7 , 24 were @entity7 -related and 22 had PAC. Five didn't receive treatment. Fifty-three were initially treated with @entity1 /intravenous immunoglobulin. Fourteen responded, whereas 39 did not. Of these 39 @entity0 , 34 (87%) received @entity2 ( @entity5 ) as second/further-line treatment and 22 (65%) responded. Within these 34 subjects, @entity7 @entity0 responded better (11/11, 100%) than the two other groups pooled together (11/23, 48%; P  =  0  002). @entity6 was given as second/further-line treatment to 16 @entity0 , and 12 (75%) responded, including 8 who previously failed @entity5 therapy. Median follow-up was 3  46  years. @entity5 and @entity6 were well-tolerated and enabled partial/complete and sustained remission in most @entity0 . These drugs may be successfully and safely used in @entity0 with refractory @entity3 with or without @entity7 / @entity7 and may represent a valid second/further line option.

title: @entity2 and @entity6 as second or further line treatment in XXXX with chronic refractory Primitive or Secondary @entity3 : a single centre experience.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: There has been a lack of investigations examining the effects of @entity3 extract @entity4 on mental functions and quality of life in healthy subjects with no @entity1 . Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the relatively short-term (i.e., 4 weeks) effects of @entity4 on mental functioning and quality of life in healthy volunteers. METHODS: The trial was conducted as a 4-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, monocentric study. Sixty six healthy volunteers aged between 50 and 65 years without age-associated @entity1 were randomized, 32 into the placebo and 34 into the @entity4 -treatment group (240 mg, t.i.d.). Safety and compliance were monitored after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. Primary outcome measures in this study are the subjects' judgment of their own @entity2 ( @entity2 ), their general health (GH) and their quality of life (QoL) operationalized on the basis of three different visual analog scales (VAS). Secondary outcome measures are 15 tests and experimental procedures based on a neurobiologically based classification or taxonomy of functions. RESULTS: Intergroup differences in self-estimated @entity2 as well as self-estimated quality of life were significant in favor of @entity4 . No intergroup differences were found in self-estimated general health. Secondary outcomes supporting the notion of superiority of the active drug were found for both motor performance and emotional evaluation. This study did not reveal evidence of unknown drug-induced side effects or intolerance. No serious adverse events were observed during the study. CONCLUSIONS: Both questions treated in this study, efficacy and safety, are important from a medical perspective because many @entity0 take the agent studied in an effort to enhance their mental functioning and general well-being. The findings of this study support the adequacy of intake of @entity4 to improve the functions indicated previously.

title: Effects of XXXX on mental functioning in healthy volunteers.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Immune function changes with ageing and is influenced by physical activity (strength training, ST) and diet (fish oil, FO). The present study investigated the effect of FO and ST on the immune system of elderly @entity0 . Forty-five @entity0 (64 (sd 1  4) years) were assigned to ST for 90  d (ST; n 15), ST plus 2  g/d FO for 90  d ( @entity12 ; n 15) or 2  g/d FO for 60  d followed by ST plus FO for 90  d (ST150; n 15). Training was performed three times per week, for 12 weeks. A number of innate (zymosan phagocytosis, lysosomal volume, @entity1 anion, @entity9 of @entity10 ) and adaptive (cluster of differentiation 4 ( @entity4 ), @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity8 , @entity6 and @entity7 produced by lymphocytes) immune parameters were assessed before supplementation (base), before (pre-) and after (post-) training. ST induced no immune changes. FO supplementation caused increased phagocytosis (48  %), lysosomal volume (100  %) and the production of @entity1 anion (32  %) and @entity11 (70  %) in the @entity12 . Additional FO supplementation (ST150) caused no additive influence on the immune system, as ST150 and @entity12 did not differ, but caused greater changes when compared to the ST (P<  0  05). FO increased @entity4 + and @entity5 + lymphocytes in the ST150, which remained unchanged when training was introduced. The combination of ST and FO reduced @entity2 in the ST150 from base to post-test. FO supplementation (ST150, base-pre) when combined with exercise (ST150, pre-post) increased @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity6 and @entity7 production. The immune parameters improved in response to FO supplementation; however, ST alone did not enhance the immune system.

title: Influence of fish oil supplementation and strength training on some functional aspects of immune cells in healthy elderly XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity9 is an increasingly important health problem. It is known that sex @entity2 hormones play an important role in regulating bone turnover and bone mass in males as well as in females. However, the exact mechanism of @entity7 in @entity0 remains unknown. In the present study, 200 elderly @entity0 (age range, 55-85 yr) were followed for 4 yr to evaluate the relationships between hormone levels, bone turnover markers, bone mineral density, and rates of @entity7 . Femoral and lumbar bone mineral density, bone ultrasound parameters at the os calcis, serum @entity4 (T), serum @entity1 ( @entity10 ), @entity6 levels, and bone turnover markers (urinary crosslaps and bone alkaline phosphatase) were evaluated for each @entity0 at enrollment and 4 yr afterward. The free @entity5 index (FAI) and free @entity3 index (FEI) as well as measures of the bioavailable sex hormones [calculated bioavailable @entity10 (c-bioE(2)) and T (c-bioT)] were calculated from total hormone levels and @entity6 . In the total population, T, c-bioT, c-bioE(2), FAI, and FEI, but not @entity10 , decreased significantly with age, whereas @entity6 increased significantly. Subjects with FEI, c-bioE(2), and @entity10 levels below the median showed higher rates of @entity7 at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck as well as higher speed-of-sounds decrease at the calcaneus with respect to @entity0 with FEI, c-bioE(2), and @entity10 levels above the median. Serum bone alkaline phosphatase and urinary crosslaps were significantly higher in @entity0 with FEI, c-bioE(2), and @entity10 in the lower quartile than in @entity0 with FEI, c-bioE(2), and @entity10 levels in the higher quartile. No statistically significant differences were observed in relation to T, c-bioT, or FAI levels. Finally, the ratio between @entity10 and T, an indirect measure for aromatase activity, increased significantly with age and was higher in normal than in osteoporotic subjects. In conclusion, results from the present study indicate an important role of @entity3 , and particularly of the ability to aromatize T to @entity10 , in the regulation of @entity8 in elderly @entity0 .

title: Longitudinal association between sex hormone levels, XXXX , and bone turnover in elderly @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity9 is an increasingly important health problem. It is known that sex @entity2 hormones play an important role in regulating bone turnover and bone mass in males as well as in females. However, the exact mechanism of @entity7 in @entity0 remains unknown. In the present study, 200 elderly @entity0 (age range, 55-85 yr) were followed for 4 yr to evaluate the relationships between hormone levels, bone turnover markers, bone mineral density, and rates of @entity7 . Femoral and lumbar bone mineral density, bone ultrasound parameters at the os calcis, serum @entity4 (T), serum @entity1 ( @entity10 ), @entity6 levels, and bone turnover markers (urinary crosslaps and bone alkaline phosphatase) were evaluated for each @entity0 at enrollment and 4 yr afterward. The free @entity5 index (FAI) and free @entity3 index (FEI) as well as measures of the bioavailable sex hormones [calculated bioavailable @entity10 (c-bioE(2)) and T (c-bioT)] were calculated from total hormone levels and @entity6 . In the total population, T, c-bioT, c-bioE(2), FAI, and FEI, but not @entity10 , decreased significantly with age, whereas @entity6 increased significantly. Subjects with FEI, c-bioE(2), and @entity10 levels below the median showed higher rates of @entity7 at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck as well as higher speed-of-sounds decrease at the calcaneus with respect to @entity0 with FEI, c-bioE(2), and @entity10 levels above the median. Serum bone alkaline phosphatase and urinary crosslaps were significantly higher in @entity0 with FEI, c-bioE(2), and @entity10 in the lower quartile than in @entity0 with FEI, c-bioE(2), and @entity10 levels in the higher quartile. No statistically significant differences were observed in relation to T, c-bioT, or FAI levels. Finally, the ratio between @entity10 and T, an indirect measure for aromatase activity, increased significantly with age and was higher in normal than in osteoporotic subjects. In conclusion, results from the present study indicate an important role of @entity3 , and particularly of the ability to aromatize T to @entity10 , in the regulation of @entity8 in elderly @entity0 .

title: Longitudinal association between sex hormone levels, @entity7 , and bone turnover in elderly XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Injuries to the cauda equina of the spinal cord result in autonomic and motor @entity4 . We developed a rodent lumbosacral ventral root @entity1 model of @entity6 to investigate the lesion effect in the spinal cord. We studied the retrograde effects of a unilateral L5-S2 ventral root @entity2 on efferent preganglionic parasympathetic neurons (PPNs) and pelvic motoneurons in the L6 and S1 segments at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperatively in the adult male @entity0 . We used Fluoro-Gold-prelabeling techniques, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative stereologic analysis to show an injury-induced progressive and parallel death of PPNs and motoneurons. At 6 weeks after injury, only 22% of PPNs and 16% of motoneurons remained. Furthermore, of the neurons that survived at 6 weeks, the soma volume was reduced by 25% in PPNs and 50% in motoneurons. @entity5 acetyltransferase ( @entity7 ) protein was expressed in only 30% of PPNs, but 80% of motoneurons remaining at 1 week postoperatively, suggesting early differential effects between these two neuronal types. However, all remaining PPNs and motoneurons were @entity7 positive at 4 weeks postoperatively. Nuclear condensation and cleaved caspase-3 were detected in axotomized PPNs and motoneurons, suggesting apoptosis as a contributing mechanism of the @entity3 . We conclude that lumbosacral ventral root avulsions progressively deplete autonomic and motor neurons. The findings suggest that early neuroprotection will be an important consideration in future attempts of treating acute @entity6 .

title: Autonomic and motor neuron death is progressive and parallel in a lumbosacral ventral root XXXX model of @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Injuries to the cauda equina of the spinal cord result in autonomic and motor @entity4 . We developed a rodent lumbosacral ventral root @entity1 model of @entity6 to investigate the lesion effect in the spinal cord. We studied the retrograde effects of a unilateral L5-S2 ventral root @entity2 on efferent preganglionic parasympathetic neurons (PPNs) and pelvic motoneurons in the L6 and S1 segments at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks postoperatively in the adult male @entity0 . We used Fluoro-Gold-prelabeling techniques, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative stereologic analysis to show an injury-induced progressive and parallel death of PPNs and motoneurons. At 6 weeks after injury, only 22% of PPNs and 16% of motoneurons remained. Furthermore, of the neurons that survived at 6 weeks, the soma volume was reduced by 25% in PPNs and 50% in motoneurons. @entity5 acetyltransferase ( @entity7 ) protein was expressed in only 30% of PPNs, but 80% of motoneurons remaining at 1 week postoperatively, suggesting early differential effects between these two neuronal types. However, all remaining PPNs and motoneurons were @entity7 positive at 4 weeks postoperatively. Nuclear condensation and cleaved caspase-3 were detected in axotomized PPNs and motoneurons, suggesting apoptosis as a contributing mechanism of the @entity3 . We conclude that lumbosacral ventral root avulsions progressively deplete autonomic and motor neurons. The findings suggest that early neuroprotection will be an important consideration in future attempts of treating acute @entity6 .

title: Autonomic and motor neuron death is progressive and parallel in a lumbosacral ventral root @entity2 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of @entity4 (FF)/ @entity5 (VI) - a fixed-dose combination of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and a long-acting b2 -agonist for the treatment of @entity0 and @entity3 - after single and repeat administration in healthy Chinese subjects. DESIGN: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-site, randomized, four-way crossover study. SETTING: The Clinical Pharmacological Research Centre at Peking Union Medical College Hospital [PUMCH]) in Beijing, China. SUBJECTS: Sixteen healthy, nonsmoking Chinese adults. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomized to receive FF/VI 50/25, 100/25, or 200/25   g, or placebo once/daily in the morning, delivered by the Ellipta dry powder inhaler, for 7 consecutive days. The subjects then received the other three treatments, with each treatment period separated by a 7-day washout period. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The co-primary outcome measures reflected pharmacodynamic responses relating to recognized class effects of the two drug classes: reduced serum @entity1 level (ICSs), and increased Fridericia's corrected QT interval (QTcF) and reduced serum @entity2 level (long-acting b2 -agonists). Co-primary pharmacodynamic endpoints were 0-24-hour weighted mean serum @entity1 level on day 7 (cortisol0-24  hr, Day 7 ), and 0-4-hour weighted mean and maximum QTcF and weighted mean and minimum serum @entity2 level on days 1 and 7. @entity4 and VI plasma concentrations, derived pharmacokinetic parameters, and safety were also assessed. Of the 16 subjects randomized, 15 completed the study. Reductions in @entity1 0-24  hour, Day 7 of 15% and 25% were observed with FF/VI 100/25 and 200/25   g, respectively, versus placebo. Minor increases (<  10  msec) in maximum QTcF on day 7 were seen with FF/VI 50/25 and 100/25   g but not with 200/25   g. Slight decreases in serum @entity2 level were only observed in subjects receiving FF/VI 50/25   g on day 1 and FF/VI 50/25 and 200/25   g on day 7. @entity4 accumulation (day 7 vs day 1) for FF/VI 50/25-200/25   g ranged from 38 to 54% for maximum observed concentration and 63-71% for area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 4  hours. @entity4 pharmacokinetics were less than dose proportional. The VI pharmacokinetic profiles were similar for all three FF/VI doses. Adverse events were all mild in intensity and were reported by 13 (81%) of the 16 subjects. CONCLUSION: In healthy Chinese subjects, minimal and non-clinically relevant b-adrenergic pharmacodynamic effects were observed with FF/VI doses ranging from 50/25 to 200/25   g. FF dose-dependent reductions in serum @entity1 levels of 15-25% were seen after administration of FF/VI 100/25 and 200/25   g. FF/VI was safe and well tolerated in these subjects at doses ranging from 50/25 to 200/25   g.

title: Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of @entity4 / XXXX in Healthy Chinese Subjects.

answer: @entity5


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of @entity4 (FF)/ @entity5 (VI) - a fixed-dose combination of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and a long-acting b2 -agonist for the treatment of @entity0 and @entity3 - after single and repeat administration in healthy Chinese subjects. DESIGN: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-site, randomized, four-way crossover study. SETTING: The Clinical Pharmacological Research Centre at Peking Union Medical College Hospital [PUMCH]) in Beijing, China. SUBJECTS: Sixteen healthy, nonsmoking Chinese adults. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomized to receive FF/VI 50/25, 100/25, or 200/25   g, or placebo once/daily in the morning, delivered by the Ellipta dry powder inhaler, for 7 consecutive days. The subjects then received the other three treatments, with each treatment period separated by a 7-day washout period. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The co-primary outcome measures reflected pharmacodynamic responses relating to recognized class effects of the two drug classes: reduced serum @entity1 level (ICSs), and increased Fridericia's corrected QT interval (QTcF) and reduced serum @entity2 level (long-acting b2 -agonists). Co-primary pharmacodynamic endpoints were 0-24-hour weighted mean serum @entity1 level on day 7 (cortisol0-24  hr, Day 7 ), and 0-4-hour weighted mean and maximum QTcF and weighted mean and minimum serum @entity2 level on days 1 and 7. @entity4 and VI plasma concentrations, derived pharmacokinetic parameters, and safety were also assessed. Of the 16 subjects randomized, 15 completed the study. Reductions in @entity1 0-24  hour, Day 7 of 15% and 25% were observed with FF/VI 100/25 and 200/25   g, respectively, versus placebo. Minor increases (<  10  msec) in maximum QTcF on day 7 were seen with FF/VI 50/25 and 100/25   g but not with 200/25   g. Slight decreases in serum @entity2 level were only observed in subjects receiving FF/VI 50/25   g on day 1 and FF/VI 50/25 and 200/25   g on day 7. @entity4 accumulation (day 7 vs day 1) for FF/VI 50/25-200/25   g ranged from 38 to 54% for maximum observed concentration and 63-71% for area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 4  hours. @entity4 pharmacokinetics were less than dose proportional. The VI pharmacokinetic profiles were similar for all three FF/VI doses. Adverse events were all mild in intensity and were reported by 13 (81%) of the 16 subjects. CONCLUSION: In healthy Chinese subjects, minimal and non-clinically relevant b-adrenergic pharmacodynamic effects were observed with FF/VI doses ranging from 50/25 to 200/25   g. FF dose-dependent reductions in serum @entity1 levels of 15-25% were seen after administration of FF/VI 100/25 and 200/25   g. FF/VI was safe and well tolerated in these subjects at doses ranging from 50/25 to 200/25   g.

title: Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of XXXX / @entity5 in Healthy Chinese Subjects.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Ghrelin stimulates appetite and plays a role in the neuroendocrine response to energy balance variations. Ghrelin levels are inversely associated with body mass index (BMI), increased by fasting and decreased by food intake, @entity3 load, insulin, and @entity6 . Ghrelin levels are reduced in @entity1 , a condition of hyperinsulinism, reduced GH secretion, and @entity5 hyperactivity. We studied the endocrine and metabolic response to acute ghrelin administration (1.0 microg/kg i.v.) in nine obese @entity0 [OB; BMI (mean +/- SD) 36.3 +/- 2.3 kg/m(2)] and seven normal @entity0 (NW; BMI 20.3 +/- 1.7 kg/m(2)). Basal ghrelin levels in NW were higher than in OB (P < 0.05). In NW, ghrelin increased (P < 0.05) GH, prolactin (PRL), ACTH, @entity4 , and @entity3 levels but did not modify insulin. In OB, ghrelin increased (P < 0.01) GH, PRL, ACTH, and @entity4 levels. The GH response to ghrelin in OB was 55% lower (P < 0.02) than in NW, whereas the PRL, ACTH, and @entity4 responses were similar. In OB, ghrelin increased @entity3 and reduced insulin (P < 0.05). Thus, @entity1 shows remarkable reduction of the somatotroph responsiveness to ghrelin, suggesting that ghrelin hyposecretion unlikely explains the @entity2 function in @entity1 . On the other hand, in @entity1 ghrelin shows preserved influence on PRL, ACTH, and insulin secretion as well as in @entity3 levels.

title: Neuroendocrine and metabolic effects of acute ghrelin administration in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Ghrelin stimulates appetite and plays a role in the neuroendocrine response to energy balance variations. Ghrelin levels are inversely associated with body mass index (BMI), increased by fasting and decreased by food intake, @entity3 load, insulin, and @entity6 . Ghrelin levels are reduced in @entity1 , a condition of hyperinsulinism, reduced GH secretion, and @entity5 hyperactivity. We studied the endocrine and metabolic response to acute ghrelin administration (1.0 microg/kg i.v.) in nine obese @entity0 [OB; BMI (mean +/- SD) 36.3 +/- 2.3 kg/m(2)] and seven normal @entity0 (NW; BMI 20.3 +/- 1.7 kg/m(2)). Basal ghrelin levels in NW were higher than in OB (P < 0.05). In NW, ghrelin increased (P < 0.05) GH, prolactin (PRL), ACTH, @entity4 , and @entity3 levels but did not modify insulin. In OB, ghrelin increased (P < 0.01) GH, PRL, ACTH, and @entity4 levels. The GH response to ghrelin in OB was 55% lower (P < 0.02) than in NW, whereas the PRL, ACTH, and @entity4 responses were similar. In OB, ghrelin increased @entity3 and reduced insulin (P < 0.05). Thus, @entity1 shows remarkable reduction of the somatotroph responsiveness to ghrelin, suggesting that ghrelin hyposecretion unlikely explains the @entity2 function in @entity1 . On the other hand, in @entity1 ghrelin shows preserved influence on PRL, ACTH, and insulin secretion as well as in @entity3 levels.

title: Neuroendocrine and metabolic effects of acute ghrelin administration in XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Conformational changes occurring on the microsecond-millisecond time scale in basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) are investigated using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The rczz CPMG experiment (Wang, C.; Grey, M. J.; Palmer, A. G. J. Biomol. NMR 2001, 21, 361-366) is used to record @entity3 spin relaxation dispersion data, R(ex)(1/tau(cp)), in which 1/tau(cp) is the pulsing rate in the CPMG sequence, at two static magnetic fields, 11.7 and 14.1 T, and three temperatures, 280, 290, and 300 K. These data are used to characterize the kinetics and mechanism of chemical exchange line broadening of the backbone @entity3 spins of @entity2 14, Lys 15, @entity2 38, and @entity0 39 in BPTI. Line broadening is found to result from two processes: the previously identified isomerization of the @entity2 38 side chain between chi(1) rotamers (Otting, G.; Liepinsh, E.; W  thrich, K. Biochemistry 1993, 32, 3571-3582) and a previously uncharacterized process on a faster time scale. At 300 K, both processes contribute significantly to the relaxation dispersion for @entity2 14 and an analytical expression for a linear three-site exchange model is used to analyze the data. At 280 K, isomerization of the @entity2 38 side chain is negligibly slow and the faster process dominates the relaxation dispersion for all four spins. Global analysis of the temperature and static field dependence of R(ex)(1/tau(cp)) for @entity2 14 and Lys 15 is used to determine the activation parameters and chemical shift changes for the previously uncharacterized chemical exchange process. Through an analysis of a database of chemical shifts, @entity3 chemical shift changes for @entity2 14 and Lys 15 are interpreted to result from a chi(1) rotamer transition of @entity2 14 that converts the @entity2 14- @entity2 38 @entity1 bond between right- and left-handed conformations. At 290 K, isomerization of @entity2 14 occurs with a forward and reverse rate constant of 35 s(-1) and 2500 s(-1), respectively, a time scale more than 30-fold faster than the @entity2 38 chi(1) isomerization. A comparison of the kinetics and thermodynamics for the transitions between the two alternative @entity2 14- @entity2 38 conformations highlights the factors that affect the contribution of @entity1 bonds to protein stability.

title: XXXX bond isomerization in basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor: multisite chemical exchange quantified by CPMG relaxation dispersion and chemical shift modeling.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To  assess, in a prospective, observational study, the safety and efficacy of the addition of the neurokinin-1-receptor antagonist ( @entity6 -RA) aprepitant to concomitant radiochemotherapy, for the prophylaxis of radiation therapy-induced @entity1 and @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: This prospective observational study compared the antiemetic efficacy of an @entity6 -RA (aprepitant), a @entity4 -RA, and @entity3 (aprepitant regimen) versus a @entity4 -RA and @entity3 (control regimen) in @entity0 receiving concomitant radiochemotherapy with @entity5 at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Germany. The primary endpoint was complete response in the overall phase, defined as no @entity2 and no use of rescue therapy in this period. RESULTS: Fifty-nine @entity0 treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy with @entity5 were included in this study. Thirty-one @entity0 received the aprepitant regimen and 29 the control regimen. The overall complete response rates for cycles 1 and 2 were 75.9% and 64.5% for the aprepitant group and 60.7% and 54.2% for the control group, respectively. Although a 15.2% absolute difference was reached in cycle 1, a statistical significance was not detected (P=.22). Furthermore maximum @entity1 was 1.58      1.91 in the control group and 0.73      1.79 in the aprepitant group (P=.084); for the head-and-neck subset, 2.23      2.13 in the control group and 0.64      1.77 in the aprepitant group, respectively (P=.03). CONCLUSION: This is the first study of an @entity6 -RA-containing antiemetic prophylaxis regimen in @entity0 receiving concomitant radiochemotherapy. Although the primary endpoint was not obtained, the absolute difference of 10% in efficacy was reached, which is defined as clinically meaningful for @entity0 by international guidelines groups. Randomized phase 3 studies are necessary to further define the potential role of an @entity6 -RA in this setting.

title: Addition of the Neurokinin-1-Receptor Antagonist (RA) Aprepitant to a @entity4 -RA and @entity3 in the Prophylaxis of @entity1 and Vomiting Due to Radiation Therapy With Concomitant XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To  assess, in a prospective, observational study, the safety and efficacy of the addition of the neurokinin-1-receptor antagonist ( @entity6 -RA) aprepitant to concomitant radiochemotherapy, for the prophylaxis of radiation therapy-induced @entity1 and @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: This prospective observational study compared the antiemetic efficacy of an @entity6 -RA (aprepitant), a @entity4 -RA, and @entity3 (aprepitant regimen) versus a @entity4 -RA and @entity3 (control regimen) in @entity0 receiving concomitant radiochemotherapy with @entity5 at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Germany. The primary endpoint was complete response in the overall phase, defined as no @entity2 and no use of rescue therapy in this period. RESULTS: Fifty-nine @entity0 treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy with @entity5 were included in this study. Thirty-one @entity0 received the aprepitant regimen and 29 the control regimen. The overall complete response rates for cycles 1 and 2 were 75.9% and 64.5% for the aprepitant group and 60.7% and 54.2% for the control group, respectively. Although a 15.2% absolute difference was reached in cycle 1, a statistical significance was not detected (P=.22). Furthermore maximum @entity1 was 1.58      1.91 in the control group and 0.73      1.79 in the aprepitant group (P=.084); for the head-and-neck subset, 2.23      2.13 in the control group and 0.64      1.77 in the aprepitant group, respectively (P=.03). CONCLUSION: This is the first study of an @entity6 -RA-containing antiemetic prophylaxis regimen in @entity0 receiving concomitant radiochemotherapy. Although the primary endpoint was not obtained, the absolute difference of 10% in efficacy was reached, which is defined as clinically meaningful for @entity0 by international guidelines groups. Randomized phase 3 studies are necessary to further define the potential role of an @entity6 -RA in this setting.

title: Addition of the Neurokinin-1-Receptor Antagonist (RA) Aprepitant to a @entity4 -RA and XXXX in the Prophylaxis of @entity1 and Vomiting Due to Radiation Therapy With Concomitant @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To  assess, in a prospective, observational study, the safety and efficacy of the addition of the neurokinin-1-receptor antagonist ( @entity6 -RA) aprepitant to concomitant radiochemotherapy, for the prophylaxis of radiation therapy-induced @entity1 and @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: This prospective observational study compared the antiemetic efficacy of an @entity6 -RA (aprepitant), a @entity4 -RA, and @entity3 (aprepitant regimen) versus a @entity4 -RA and @entity3 (control regimen) in @entity0 receiving concomitant radiochemotherapy with @entity5 at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Germany. The primary endpoint was complete response in the overall phase, defined as no @entity2 and no use of rescue therapy in this period. RESULTS: Fifty-nine @entity0 treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy with @entity5 were included in this study. Thirty-one @entity0 received the aprepitant regimen and 29 the control regimen. The overall complete response rates for cycles 1 and 2 were 75.9% and 64.5% for the aprepitant group and 60.7% and 54.2% for the control group, respectively. Although a 15.2% absolute difference was reached in cycle 1, a statistical significance was not detected (P=.22). Furthermore maximum @entity1 was 1.58      1.91 in the control group and 0.73      1.79 in the aprepitant group (P=.084); for the head-and-neck subset, 2.23      2.13 in the control group and 0.64      1.77 in the aprepitant group, respectively (P=.03). CONCLUSION: This is the first study of an @entity6 -RA-containing antiemetic prophylaxis regimen in @entity0 receiving concomitant radiochemotherapy. Although the primary endpoint was not obtained, the absolute difference of 10% in efficacy was reached, which is defined as clinically meaningful for @entity0 by international guidelines groups. Randomized phase 3 studies are necessary to further define the potential role of an @entity6 -RA in this setting.

title: Addition of the Neurokinin-1-Receptor Antagonist (RA) Aprepitant to a XXXX -RA and @entity3 in the Prophylaxis of @entity1 and Vomiting Due to Radiation Therapy With Concomitant @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To  assess, in a prospective, observational study, the safety and efficacy of the addition of the neurokinin-1-receptor antagonist ( @entity6 -RA) aprepitant to concomitant radiochemotherapy, for the prophylaxis of radiation therapy-induced @entity1 and @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: This prospective observational study compared the antiemetic efficacy of an @entity6 -RA (aprepitant), a @entity4 -RA, and @entity3 (aprepitant regimen) versus a @entity4 -RA and @entity3 (control regimen) in @entity0 receiving concomitant radiochemotherapy with @entity5 at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Germany. The primary endpoint was complete response in the overall phase, defined as no @entity2 and no use of rescue therapy in this period. RESULTS: Fifty-nine @entity0 treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy with @entity5 were included in this study. Thirty-one @entity0 received the aprepitant regimen and 29 the control regimen. The overall complete response rates for cycles 1 and 2 were 75.9% and 64.5% for the aprepitant group and 60.7% and 54.2% for the control group, respectively. Although a 15.2% absolute difference was reached in cycle 1, a statistical significance was not detected (P=.22). Furthermore maximum @entity1 was 1.58      1.91 in the control group and 0.73      1.79 in the aprepitant group (P=.084); for the head-and-neck subset, 2.23      2.13 in the control group and 0.64      1.77 in the aprepitant group, respectively (P=.03). CONCLUSION: This is the first study of an @entity6 -RA-containing antiemetic prophylaxis regimen in @entity0 receiving concomitant radiochemotherapy. Although the primary endpoint was not obtained, the absolute difference of 10% in efficacy was reached, which is defined as clinically meaningful for @entity0 by international guidelines groups. Randomized phase 3 studies are necessary to further define the potential role of an @entity6 -RA in this setting.

title: Addition of the Neurokinin-1-Receptor Antagonist (RA) Aprepitant to a @entity4 -RA and @entity3 in the Prophylaxis of XXXX and Vomiting Due to Radiation Therapy With Concomitant @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This article describes the perceptual motor, educational and social outcome of early @entity0 in a group of 17-18 year old Finnish adolescents who were originally evaluated at age 5. The study group consisted of 65 adolescents: 22 with significant motor problems (or @entity0 , @entity1 ), 23 with minor motor problems (intermediate group) and 20 controls. The goal of this study was to reassess the results obtained when they were age 15 and to determine whether the variables used earlier could still discriminate the adolescents at age 17. The results showed that at age 17 all perceptual motor tasks differentiated the three groups. The @entity1 group performed less well than the control group on all tasks, with the intermediate group situated between these two. Discriminant function analyses showed that more classification errors occurred between the control and intermediate groups at age 17 than at age 15, suggesting that the distinction between these groups becomes more difficult with age. In the educational domain, similar to the findings at age 15, the adolescents with @entity1 had the lowest WAIS scores and shortest school careers of the three groups. In the social domain, as found two years earlier, the @entity1 group had the lowest perceptions of athletic and scholastic competence while the intermediate and control groups did not differ. In addition, the interview results indicated that the three groups were in different stages of identity development. In sum, the outcome at age 17 was a replication of the results obtained at age 15 and suggests two developmental paths for those with early perceptual motor problems: 'persistence' and 'catching up'.

title: Two distinct pathways for XXXX : persistence and resolution.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Vascular @entity2 involving the mandible and maxilla are uncommon, and no uniform treatment of these lesions has been defined. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of treating @entity3 with a multidisciplinary approach and emphasis on endovascular therapy. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of @entity0 . METHODS: The treatment of 31 @entity0 (13 male and 18 female @entity0 ) with mandibular and/or @entity3 presenting between 1979 to 2001 was reviewed. RESULTS: Thirteen @entity0 (42%) presented with mandibular @entity3 , and an equal number of @entity0 had @entity3 . Five @entity0 had involvement of both the mandible and maxilla. Twenty-six @entity0 (84%) had adjacent soft tissue extension, whereas five @entity0 had a @entity3 isolated either to the mandible (four cases) or maxilla (one case). Twenty-six cases consisted of @entity1 , and five @entity0 had venous and capillary types. Twenty-five @entity0 (81%) were treated with embolization only, whereas six @entity0 (19%) underwent combined embolization and surgical resection. "Cure" was defined as the complete eradication of disease or permanent resolution of symptoms with complete devascularization by embolization. The cure rates were 70% for mandibular @entity2 and 46% for maxillary lesions. None of the combined maxillary/mandibular lesions were cured, but all achieved improvement or stabilization of symptoms. The follow-up range was 1 to 22 years with an average follow-up of 6.7 years. CONCLUSION: The location and extent of @entity3 dictate the treatment and resulting success. Endovascular therapy alone can effectively "cure" most mandibular and @entity3 with limited soft tissue involvement. Extensive @entity3 can be stabilized with control of symptoms, but eradication of the @entity3 is unlikely even with combined surgery and embolization.

title: XXXX of the mandible and maxilla.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Thyroid hormone is essential for normal development, growth, and function of the majority of tissues. Among the many clinical signs associated with @entity4 , alterations in the voice may occur even in cases of mild @entity3 , suggesting that the larynx is a target tissue for thyroid hormone. The objective of our study is to further understand the effects of thyroid hormone on the larynx by first identifying the presence and locations of its receptors. METHODS: Two @entity0 cadaveric larynges (one male and one female) were harvested, @entity1 -fixed, and @entity2 -embedded. Sections were immunostained with antibodies reactive with the two identified thyroid hormone receptors, @entity6 and @entity5 . The slides were examined under light microscopy. RESULTS: Both male and female specimens revealed consistent patterns of staining for thyroid hormone receptors. The staining pattern for @entity6 included the fibrous connective tissue of the lamina propria, the cartilage, and the glandular elements. The staining pattern for @entity5 included the fibrous connective tissue of the lamina propria only. No receptors were identified in the respiratory mucosa or muscle. CONCLUSIONS: Thyroid hormone receptors are present in both the male and the female @entity0 larynx. These findings imply a role for thyroid hormone within the @entity0 larynx, through both @entity6 and @entity5 .

title: Identification of thyroid hormone receptors in the XXXX larynx.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The objectives were to correlate audiometric thresholds with radiological findings and to determine the prevalence of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity7 . STUDY DESIGN: The study was a retrospective review of @entity0 with @entity7 identified in a pediatric hearing-impaired population and @entity0 genetics clinic. METHODS: Nine @entity0 with @entity7 were identified. Eighty-nine @entity0 without @entity5 served as control subjects. Clinical data, audiometric thresholds, and radiographic temporal bone measurements in these @entity0 were analyzed. RESULTS: Seven @entity0 were identified with @entity3 and @entity7 . Four @entity0 had @entity7 , and three @entity0 had @entity9 . The overall prevalence of @entity3 in the total study population with @entity7 was 78%. The mean pure-tone average was 99 dB. All of the @entity0 had @entity5 . The hearing outcome was stable in 86% of the @entity0 . Twelve temporal bones were available for radiological analysis by computed tomography. Enlargement of the @entity6 was found in 50% of the CT scans. There was a significant difference in measurements of @entity6 width at the midpoint between the @entity0 with @entity7 and the control group (P <.05). There were also significant differences in the measurements of the vestibule (P =.0484), internal auditory canal (P =.0092), and modiolus (P =.0045) between the @entity0 with @entity7 and the control group. CONCLUSION: A profound @entity5 was characteristic of the study population with @entity7 . Overall, 100% of @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity7 had @entity1 on at least one measurement of their inner ear, and 50% had an @entity8 at the midpoint. As shown by computed tomography, @entity8 and the upper vestibule, narrowing of the internal auditory canal porus, and @entity4 of the modiolus are features of @entity7 .

title: @entity1 associated with XXXX in @entity7 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The objectives were to correlate audiometric thresholds with radiological findings and to determine the prevalence of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity7 . STUDY DESIGN: The study was a retrospective review of @entity0 with @entity7 identified in a pediatric hearing-impaired population and @entity0 genetics clinic. METHODS: Nine @entity0 with @entity7 were identified. Eighty-nine @entity0 without @entity5 served as control subjects. Clinical data, audiometric thresholds, and radiographic temporal bone measurements in these @entity0 were analyzed. RESULTS: Seven @entity0 were identified with @entity3 and @entity7 . Four @entity0 had @entity7 , and three @entity0 had @entity9 . The overall prevalence of @entity3 in the total study population with @entity7 was 78%. The mean pure-tone average was 99 dB. All of the @entity0 had @entity5 . The hearing outcome was stable in 86% of the @entity0 . Twelve temporal bones were available for radiological analysis by computed tomography. Enlargement of the @entity6 was found in 50% of the CT scans. There was a significant difference in measurements of @entity6 width at the midpoint between the @entity0 with @entity7 and the control group (P <.05). There were also significant differences in the measurements of the vestibule (P =.0484), internal auditory canal (P =.0092), and modiolus (P =.0045) between the @entity0 with @entity7 and the control group. CONCLUSION: A profound @entity5 was characteristic of the study population with @entity7 . Overall, 100% of @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity7 had @entity1 on at least one measurement of their inner ear, and 50% had an @entity8 at the midpoint. As shown by computed tomography, @entity8 and the upper vestibule, narrowing of the internal auditory canal porus, and @entity4 of the modiolus are features of @entity7 .

title: @entity1 associated with @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The objectives were to correlate audiometric thresholds with radiological findings and to determine the prevalence of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity7 . STUDY DESIGN: The study was a retrospective review of @entity0 with @entity7 identified in a pediatric hearing-impaired population and @entity0 genetics clinic. METHODS: Nine @entity0 with @entity7 were identified. Eighty-nine @entity0 without @entity5 served as control subjects. Clinical data, audiometric thresholds, and radiographic temporal bone measurements in these @entity0 were analyzed. RESULTS: Seven @entity0 were identified with @entity3 and @entity7 . Four @entity0 had @entity7 , and three @entity0 had @entity9 . The overall prevalence of @entity3 in the total study population with @entity7 was 78%. The mean pure-tone average was 99 dB. All of the @entity0 had @entity5 . The hearing outcome was stable in 86% of the @entity0 . Twelve temporal bones were available for radiological analysis by computed tomography. Enlargement of the @entity6 was found in 50% of the CT scans. There was a significant difference in measurements of @entity6 width at the midpoint between the @entity0 with @entity7 and the control group (P <.05). There were also significant differences in the measurements of the vestibule (P =.0484), internal auditory canal (P =.0092), and modiolus (P =.0045) between the @entity0 with @entity7 and the control group. CONCLUSION: A profound @entity5 was characteristic of the study population with @entity7 . Overall, 100% of @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity7 had @entity1 on at least one measurement of their inner ear, and 50% had an @entity8 at the midpoint. As shown by computed tomography, @entity8 and the upper vestibule, narrowing of the internal auditory canal porus, and @entity4 of the modiolus are features of @entity7 .

title: XXXX associated with @entity3 in @entity7 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiation resistance presents a challenge to the effective treatment of @entity1 . If therapeutic compounds were capable of resensitizing resistant @entity1 then a concurrent chemo-radiation treatment could be used to overcome radiation resistance. METHODS: We have developed a phenotypic assay to investigate the response of radiation resistant @entity0 cells grown in 3D-microtissue spheroids to combinations of radiation and established chemotherapeutic drugs. The effects were quantified by real time high content imaging of GFP detection area over 14  days. Ten established chemotherapeutic drugs were tested for their ability to enhance the effects of radiation. RESULTS: Of ten analysed chemotherapeutics, @entity3 was the most effective compound, with @entity2 and @entity4 being less effective in combination with radiation. To investigate the response in a model closer to the in vivo situation we investigated the response of heterotypic 3D microtissues containing both fibroblasts and @entity0 cells. Drug treatment of these heterotypic 3D cultures confirmed treatment with radiation plus @entity3 to be additive in causing @entity0 growth inhibition. We have validated the screen by comparing radiation sensitizing effects of known chemotherapeutic agents. In both monotypic and heterotypic models the concurrent treatment of @entity3 and radiation proved more effective inhibitors of mammary @entity1 cell growth. The effective concentration range of both @entity3 and radiation are within the range used in treatment, suggesting the 3D model will offer a highly relevant screen for novel compounds. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time comfortable 3D cell-based phenotypic assay is available, that allows high throughput screening of compounds with radiation therapy modulating capacity, opening the field to drug discovery.

title: A 3D-microtissue-based phenotypic screening of radiation resistant XXXX cells with synchronized chemotherapeutic treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor ( @entity3 ) and its receptor ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 and the relationship of such expression with angiogenesis, @entity2 invasion and @entity1 . METHODS: In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry technique were used to test the expression of mRNA and protein expression of @entity3 and @entity4 in 48 specimens of @entity0 . 48 specimens of tissues near @entity2 , 3 specimens of @entity0 , and 3 specimens of normal breast were used as controls. RESULTS: @entity3 mRNA and its protein were expressed highly in @entity0 cells with the positive rate of 75% and 70.8% respectively. There was almost no expression of @entity3 in vascular endothelial cells. @entity4 mRNA and its protein were expressed only in a small quantity in a few @entity2 cells. The amount of blood vessel positive in @entity5 mRNA and its protein was (26 +/- 12) piece/0.72 mm(2) and (24 +/- 12) piece/0.72 mm(2) respectively. The microvascular density (MVD) was significantly greater in @entity3 and @entity4 higher expression groups than in lower groups (P < 0.01). Both @entity3 expression and @entity4 expression were well correlated with the histological grade and lymph node @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity3 promotes angiogenesis by paracrining in @entity0 , and takes part in @entity2 invasion and lymph node @entity1 . Test of the expression of @entity3 and @entity4 may act as a reliable index to determine angiogenesis, @entity2 , invasion and @entity1 . Blocking their secretion and effect may act as a new treatment for @entity0 .

title: [Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor ( XXXX ) in @entity0 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor ( @entity3 ) and its receptor ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 and the relationship of such expression with angiogenesis, @entity2 invasion and @entity1 . METHODS: In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry technique were used to test the expression of mRNA and protein expression of @entity3 and @entity4 in 48 specimens of @entity0 . 48 specimens of tissues near @entity2 , 3 specimens of @entity0 , and 3 specimens of normal breast were used as controls. RESULTS: @entity3 mRNA and its protein were expressed highly in @entity0 cells with the positive rate of 75% and 70.8% respectively. There was almost no expression of @entity3 in vascular endothelial cells. @entity4 mRNA and its protein were expressed only in a small quantity in a few @entity2 cells. The amount of blood vessel positive in @entity5 mRNA and its protein was (26 +/- 12) piece/0.72 mm(2) and (24 +/- 12) piece/0.72 mm(2) respectively. The microvascular density (MVD) was significantly greater in @entity3 and @entity4 higher expression groups than in lower groups (P < 0.01). Both @entity3 expression and @entity4 expression were well correlated with the histological grade and lymph node @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity3 promotes angiogenesis by paracrining in @entity0 , and takes part in @entity2 invasion and lymph node @entity1 . Test of the expression of @entity3 and @entity4 may act as a reliable index to determine angiogenesis, @entity2 , invasion and @entity1 . Blocking their secretion and effect may act as a new treatment for @entity0 .

title: [Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor ( @entity4 ) in XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) in screening @entity0 for @entity6 , @entity1 , and @entity3 after the Fontan operation. @entity0 AND METHODS: Hepatic MRE was performed in conjunction with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in @entity0 who had undergone a Fontan operation between 2010 and 2014. @entity4 was calculated using previously reported techniques. Comparisons to available clinical, laboratory, imaging, and histopathologic data were made. RESULTS: Overall, 50 @entity0 at a median age of 25 years (range, 21-33 years) who had undergone a Fontan operation were evaluated. The median interval between Fontan operation and MRE was 22 years (range, 16-26 years). The mean liver stiffness values were increased: 5.5  1.4 kPa relative to normal @entity0 . @entity4 directly correlated with liver biopsy-derived total @entity1 score, time since operation, mean Fontan pressure, y-glutamyltransferase level, Model for End-Stage @entity4 score, @entity5 level, and pulmonary vascular resistance index. @entity4 was inversely correlated with cardiac index. All 3 @entity0 with hepatic nodules exhibiting decreased contrast uptake on delayed postcontrast imaging and increased nodule stiffness had biopsy-proven @entity3 . CONCLUSION: The association between @entity2 and @entity1 scores, Model for End-Stage @entity4 scores, and y-glutamyltransferase level suggests that MRE may be useful in detecting (and possibly quantifying) @entity6 in @entity0 after the Fontan operation. The correlation between stiffness and post-Fontan time interval, mean Fontan pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance index, and reduced cardiac index suggests a role for long-term hepatic congestion in creating these @entity4 . Magnetic resonance elastography was useful in detecting abnormal nodules ultimately diagnosed as @entity3 . The relationship between stiffness with advanced @entity1 and @entity3 provides a strong argument for additional study and broader application of MRE in these @entity0 .

title: Magnetic Resonance Elastography: A Novel Technique for the Detection of Hepatic XXXX After the Fontan Operation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 is associated with breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and @entity0 . These features are also common properties of @entity7 . Perimicrovessel @entity0 , disruption of associated astrocyte end feet and @entity5 occur in a porcine model of acute @entity2 . The adrenergic system has been implicated in the inflammatory response to @entity3 and may play a role in controlling blood-brain barrier permeability, since the @entity8 agonist @entity12 inhibits perimicrovessel @entity0 formation whereas the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist @entity10 provokes it. Electron microscopy revealed tight junction opening in high-grade @entity6 microvessels. Expression of the tight junction protein @entity11 is reduced in these microvessels and this reduction is inversely correlated with the degree of @entity0 . Normal astrocytes secrete factors that induce barrier properties in endothelial cells, whereas high-grade @entity6 secrete @entity1 , which stimulates angiogenesis, down regulates @entity11 and increases endothelial cell permeability. The water channel protein @entity9 is normally expressed in astrocyte foot processes around cerebral microvessels. Its expression is massively up-regulated in high-grade @entity6 and around @entity4 . There is a significant correlation between @entity9 expression and the degree of @entity0 , but it is not clear whether increased @entity9 expression enhances @entity0 formation or clearance. These results suggest that the pathophysiology of @entity0 is multifactorial, but that there may be common processes operating regardless of the aetiology.

title: Blood-brain barrier breakdown in @entity2 and XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity2 is associated with breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and @entity0 . These features are also common properties of @entity7 . Perimicrovessel @entity0 , disruption of associated astrocyte end feet and @entity5 occur in a porcine model of acute @entity2 . The adrenergic system has been implicated in the inflammatory response to @entity3 and may play a role in controlling blood-brain barrier permeability, since the @entity8 agonist @entity12 inhibits perimicrovessel @entity0 formation whereas the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist @entity10 provokes it. Electron microscopy revealed tight junction opening in high-grade @entity6 microvessels. Expression of the tight junction protein @entity11 is reduced in these microvessels and this reduction is inversely correlated with the degree of @entity0 . Normal astrocytes secrete factors that induce barrier properties in endothelial cells, whereas high-grade @entity6 secrete @entity1 , which stimulates angiogenesis, down regulates @entity11 and increases endothelial cell permeability. The water channel protein @entity9 is normally expressed in astrocyte foot processes around cerebral microvessels. Its expression is massively up-regulated in high-grade @entity6 and around @entity4 . There is a significant correlation between @entity9 expression and the degree of @entity0 , but it is not clear whether increased @entity9 expression enhances @entity0 formation or clearance. These results suggest that the pathophysiology of @entity0 is multifactorial, but that there may be common processes operating regardless of the aetiology.

title: Blood-brain barrier breakdown in XXXX and @entity7 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Youth with @entity1 experience significant impairment in peer functioning. Based on recommendations from the literature, the current pilot study examined the effectiveness of a parent-assisted, friendship-building program at establishing mutual friendships and improving peer relationships in adolescents with @entity1 . METHOD: @entity0 included 20 adolescents with @entity1 (ages 11-16 years) and their parent(s). Families completed the Program for the Evaluation and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS). Measures of friendship quality, social knowledge, social self-efficacy, get-togethers, and peer conflict were completed at baseline and post-treatment. At post-treatment, @entity0 also reported on the initiation of a new friendship. RESULTS: Baseline to post-treatment differences were examined using paired-samples t tests. The majority of @entity0 reported the initiation of a new friendship at post-treatment. Adolescents also demonstrated significantly improved social knowledge and increased get-togethers. Effect sizes were large. CONCLUSION: Following participation in PEERS, adolescents improved in several peer functioning domains and many initiated new friendships.

title: Examination of a Parent-Assisted, Friendship-Building Program for Adolescents With XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Recombinant adenoviral vectors have potential for the treatment of a variety of @entity1 and such gene therapy systems have been a recent research focus in orthopedic surgery. In studies reported here, two different adenovirus vectors have been compared for their ability to transduce @entity0 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) and elicit bone formation in vivo. Vectors consisted either of standard @entity3 ( @entity3 ) vector or a chimeric @entity3 vector that contains an adenovirus type 35 fiber (Ad5F35), which has been recently demonstrated to bestow a different cellular tropism, and a complete cDNA encoding @entity0 @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Studies were also conducted to compare the transduction efficiency of these vectors using enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP). hBM-MSCs transduced with Ad5F35 vectors had higher levels of transgene expression than those transduced with @entity3 vectors. The results also demonstrate that hBM-MSCs lack the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR), which is responsible for cellular adsorption of @entity3 . Therefore, the data suggest that @entity3 virus adsorption to hBM-MSCs is inefficient. Ad5 @entity2 - or Ad5F35BMP2-transduced hBM-MSCs were also compared in an in vivo heterotopic bone formation assay. Mineralized bone was radiologically identified only in muscle that received the Ad5F35BMP2 transduced hBM-MSCs. In summary, Ad5F35BMP2 can efficiently transduce hBM-MSCs leading to enhanced bone formation in vivo.

title: Use of a chimeric adenovirus vector enhances XXXX production and bone formation.

answer: @entity2