abstract: BACKGROUND: Researchers need to consider the impact and utility of their findings. Film is an accessible medium for qualitative research findings and can facilitate learning through emotional engagement. AIM: We aimed to explore the usefulness of a short film presenting findings from a published qualitative synthesis of adults' experience of chronic @entity3 for @entity1 education. In particular, we were interested in the impact of the film on clinician's understanding of @entity0 ' experience of @entity2 and how this knowledge might be used for improved healthcare for @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Focus groups with healthcare professionals enrolled in a @entity1 management foundation course explored healthcare professionals' experience of watching the film. A constructivist grounded theory approach was adopted by the researchers. FINDINGS: This article presents one thematic exemplar from a wider study. @entity0 reflected upon the pitfalls of judging by appearances and the value of seeing the @entity0 beneath his or her performance. CONCLUSION: There is a danger that the impact of qualitative findings is under-valued in clinical education. We present one exemplar from a study exploring knowledge mobilisation, which demonstrates that qualitative research, specifically qualitative films, can make us think about the care that we provide to @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: 'It makes you think' - exploring the impact of qualitative films on XXXX clinicians.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Blood vessel trauma leading to @entity2 or @entity0 presents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after @entity1 . The objective of this study is to characterize the epidemiology of @entity3 in the wars of Iraq and Afghanistan, including categorization of anatomic patterns, mechanism, and management of casualties. METHODS: The Joint Theater Trauma Registry was interrogated (2002-2009) for @entity3 in US troops to identify specific injury (group 1) and operative intervention (group 2) groups. Battle-related @entity1 (nonreturn to duty) were used as the denominator to establish injury rates. @entity1 was compared between theaters of war and the management strategies of ligation versus revascularization (repair and interposition grafting) reported. RESULTS: Group 1 included 1570 Troops injured in Iraq ( @entity4 ) (n = 1390) and Afghanistan (OEF) (n = 180). Mechanism included explosive (73%), gunshot (27%), and other (<1%) with explosive more common in @entity4 than OEF (P < 0.05). During this period, 13,076 battle-related @entity1 occurred resulting in a specific rate of 12% (1570 of 13,076), which was higher in @entity4 than OEF (12.5% vs 9% respectively; P < 0.05). Of group 1, 60% (n = 940) sustained injury to major or proximal vessels and 40% (n = 630) to minor or distal vessels (unknown vessel, n = 27). Group 2 (operative) comprised 1212 troops defining an operative rate of 9% (1212 of 13,076) and included ligation (n = 660; 54%) or repair (n = 552; 46%). Peak rates in @entity4 and OEF occurred in November 2004 (15%) and August 2009 (11%), respectively and correlated with combat operational tempo. CONCLUSION: The rate of @entity3 in modern combat is 5 times that reported in previous wars and varies according to theater of war, mechanism of injury and operational tempo. Methods of reconstruction are now applied to nearly half of the @entity3 and should be a focus of training for combat surgery. Selective ligation of @entity3 remains an important management strategy, especially for @entity1 .

title: The epidemiology of XXXX in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE:    To investigate the role of adding @entity2 at the time of @entity8 failure in @entity0 with metastatic @entity6 (mRCC). @entity0 AND METHODS:    A retrospective chart review of 13 @entity0 with mRCC who experienced disease progression on @entity8 and received @entity2 750 mg/m(2) i.v. on days 1 and 8 and @entity8 37.5 mg/day on days 2-15 every 21 days from September 2006-2009 was carried out.    Responses were assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity1 .    The median age was 59, male to female ratio 10:3, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 1-3; the number of prior regimens ranged from one to five, and duration on @entity8 alone ranged from 3 months to >1 year. RESULTS:    Twelve out of 13 @entity0 received more than two cycles with one documented partial response, five stable disease and seven progressive disease.    The median time to progression was 21 weeks.    We documented grade 4 @entity5 (n= 1), grade 3 @entity7 (n= 2), @entity3 (n= 2) and @entity4 (n= 1). CONCLUSION:    The combination of @entity8 and @entity2 in @entity0 with mRCC may delay disease progression in some @entity0 exhibiting resistance to @entity8 . This regimen merits further prospective investigation in this @entity0 population.

title: Addition of @entity2 at the time of @entity8 resistance in metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE:    To investigate the role of adding @entity2 at the time of @entity8 failure in @entity0 with metastatic @entity6 (mRCC). @entity0 AND METHODS:    A retrospective chart review of 13 @entity0 with mRCC who experienced disease progression on @entity8 and received @entity2 750 mg/m(2) i.v. on days 1 and 8 and @entity8 37.5 mg/day on days 2-15 every 21 days from September 2006-2009 was carried out.    Responses were assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity1 .    The median age was 59, male to female ratio 10:3, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 1-3; the number of prior regimens ranged from one to five, and duration on @entity8 alone ranged from 3 months to >1 year. RESULTS:    Twelve out of 13 @entity0 received more than two cycles with one documented partial response, five stable disease and seven progressive disease.    The median time to progression was 21 weeks.    We documented grade 4 @entity5 (n= 1), grade 3 @entity7 (n= 2), @entity3 (n= 2) and @entity4 (n= 1). CONCLUSION:    The combination of @entity8 and @entity2 in @entity0 with mRCC may delay disease progression in some @entity0 exhibiting resistance to @entity8 . This regimen merits further prospective investigation in this @entity0 population.

title: Addition of @entity2 at the time of XXXX resistance in metastatic @entity6 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE:    To investigate the role of adding @entity2 at the time of @entity8 failure in @entity0 with metastatic @entity6 (mRCC). @entity0 AND METHODS:    A retrospective chart review of 13 @entity0 with mRCC who experienced disease progression on @entity8 and received @entity2 750 mg/m(2) i.v. on days 1 and 8 and @entity8 37.5 mg/day on days 2-15 every 21 days from September 2006-2009 was carried out.    Responses were assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity1 .    The median age was 59, male to female ratio 10:3, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 1-3; the number of prior regimens ranged from one to five, and duration on @entity8 alone ranged from 3 months to >1 year. RESULTS:    Twelve out of 13 @entity0 received more than two cycles with one documented partial response, five stable disease and seven progressive disease.    The median time to progression was 21 weeks.    We documented grade 4 @entity5 (n= 1), grade 3 @entity7 (n= 2), @entity3 (n= 2) and @entity4 (n= 1). CONCLUSION:    The combination of @entity8 and @entity2 in @entity0 with mRCC may delay disease progression in some @entity0 exhibiting resistance to @entity8 . This regimen merits further prospective investigation in this @entity0 population.

title: Addition of XXXX at the time of @entity8 resistance in metastatic @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This small observational study was motivated by our belief that scaling the tidal volume in mechanically ventilated @entity0 to the size of the injured lung is safer and more 'physiologic' than scaling it to predicted body weight, i.e. its size before it was injured. We defined Total Lung Capacity (TLC) as the thoracic gas volume at an airway pressure of 40 cm @entity2 and tested if TLC could be inferred from the volume of gas that enters the lungs during a brief 'recruitment' maneuver. METHODS: Lung volume at relaxed end expiration (Vrel) as well as inspiratory capacity (IC), defined as the volume of gas that enters the lung during a 5 second inflation to 40 cm @entity2 , were measured in 14 @entity0 with @entity1 . TLC was defined as the sum of IC and Vrel. The dependence of IC and Vrel on body mass index (BMI), respiratory system elastance and plateau airway pressure was assessed. RESULTS: TLC was reduced to 59    23% of that predicted. Vrel/TLC, which averaged 0.45    0.11, was no different than the 0.47    0.04 predicted during health in the supine posture. The greater than expected variability in observed Vrel/TLC was largely accounted for by BMI. Vrel and IC were correlated (r = 0.76). Taking BMI into account strengthened the correlation (r = 0.92). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that body mass is a powerful determinant of lung volume and plateau airway pressure. Effective lung size can be easily estimated from a recruitment maneuver derived inspiratory capacity measurement and body mass index.

title: Sizing the lung of mechanically ventilated XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity exerts an enormous health impact through its effect on @entity3 and its risk factors. Primary care-based and community-based intensive lifestyle counseling may effectively promote @entity4 . There has been limited implementation and evaluation of these strategies, particularly the added benefit of community-based intervention, in low-income Latino populations. DESIGN: The Vivamos Activos Fair Oaks project is a randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of two @entity1 reduction lifestyle interventions: clinic-based intensive lifestyle counseling, either alone (n = 80) or combined with community health worker support (n = 80), in comparison to usual primary care (n = 40). Clinic-based counseling consists of 15 group and four individual lifestyle counseling sessions provided by health educators targeting behavior change in physical activity and dietary practices. Community health worker support includes seven home visits aimed at practical implementation of @entity4 strategies within the @entity0 's home and neighborhood. The interventions use a framework based on Social Cognitive Theory, the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change, and techniques from previously tested lifestyle interventions. Application of the framework was culturally tailored based on past interventions in the same community and elsewhere, as well as a community needs and assets assessment. The interventions include a 12-month intensive phase followed by a 12-month maintenance phase. @entity0 are obese Spanish-speaking adults with at least one @entity2 factor recruited from a community health center in a low-income neighborhood of San Mateo County, California. Follow-up assessments occur at 6, 12, and 24 months for the primary outcome of percent change in body mass index at 24 months. Secondary outcomes include specific @entity2 , particularly blood pressure and fasting @entity5 levels. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: If successful, this study will provide evidence for broad implementation of @entity1 interventions in minority populations and guidance about the selection of strategies involving clinic-based case management and community-based community health worker support. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01242683.

title: Evaluating clinic and community-based lifestyle interventions for XXXX reduction in a low-income Latino neighborhood: Vivamos Activos Fair Oaks Program.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: indeterminate @entity1 ( @entity1 ) patterns are a major concern for diagnosis of @entity0 ) infection, even in non-endemic areas. OBJECTIVES: (a) to define the prevalence of indeterminate @entity1 among different populations from Argentina; (b) to evaluate if low proviral load (PVL) is associated with indeterminate @entity1 profiles; and (c) to describe mutations in LTR and tax sequence of these cases. RESULTS: Among 2031 samples, 294 were reactive by screening. Of them, 48 (16.3%) were @entity1 indeterminate and of those 15 (31.3%) were PCR+. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was performed to 52 @entity0 + samples, classified as Group 1 (G1): 25 @entity1 + samples from individuals with pathologies; Group 2 (G2): 18 @entity1 + samples from asymptomatic carriers (AC); and Group 3 (G3): 9 seroindeterminate samples from AC. Median PVL was 4.78, 2.38, and 0.15 @entity0 copies/100 PBMCs, respectively; a significant difference (p=0.003) was observed. Age and sex were associated with PVL in G1 and G2, respectively. Mutations in the distal and central regions of @entity2 of G3 were observed, though not associated with PVL.The @entity3 mutation of the distal region, previously related to high PVL, was absent in G3 but present in 50% of @entity1 + samples (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: indeterminateWBresults confirmed later as @entity0 positive may be associated with low PVL levels. Mutations in LTR and tax are described; their functional relevance remains to be determined.

title: Low Proviral Load is Associated with Indeterminate Western Blot Patterns in XXXX Infected Individuals: Could Punctual Mutations be Related?

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a common problem among @entity0 who are recovering from @entity2 . At present there is no evidence based psychological treatment targeting @entity1 in this population. Cognitive Bias Modification for Interpretation (CBM-I) has been shown to be effective in reducing @entity1 in @entity0 who do not have a history of @entity2 . AIMS: To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the CBM-I methodology for use in a clinical setting with @entity0 who are experiencing @entity1 following an episode of @entity2 . METHOD: Eight @entity0 with @entity1 were recruited from an early intervention service. A single session of computerized CBM-I was conducted, with mood and cognitive interpretation bias being assessed before and after the session. RESULTS: All @entity0 reported an improvement in mood immediately following the CBM-I session (n=8). For those @entity0 who had a negative interpretation bias, none became more negative following the CBM-I session, with three out of six @entity0 showing a beneficial change. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that CBM-I is acceptable for use with @entity0 who are experiencing @entity1 following a @entity2 . Further research looking at how CBM-I could be made more interactive and producing more applicable scenarios for use in a clinical setting is recommended.

title: Cognitive bias modification in the treatment of XXXX in early @entity2 : a single case series.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a common problem among @entity0 who are recovering from @entity2 . At present there is no evidence based psychological treatment targeting @entity1 in this population. Cognitive Bias Modification for Interpretation (CBM-I) has been shown to be effective in reducing @entity1 in @entity0 who do not have a history of @entity2 . AIMS: To assess the feasibility and acceptability of the CBM-I methodology for use in a clinical setting with @entity0 who are experiencing @entity1 following an episode of @entity2 . METHOD: Eight @entity0 with @entity1 were recruited from an early intervention service. A single session of computerized CBM-I was conducted, with mood and cognitive interpretation bias being assessed before and after the session. RESULTS: All @entity0 reported an improvement in mood immediately following the CBM-I session (n=8). For those @entity0 who had a negative interpretation bias, none became more negative following the CBM-I session, with three out of six @entity0 showing a beneficial change. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that CBM-I is acceptable for use with @entity0 who are experiencing @entity1 following a @entity2 . Further research looking at how CBM-I could be made more interactive and producing more applicable scenarios for use in a clinical setting is recommended.

title: Cognitive bias modification in the treatment of @entity1 in early XXXX : a single case series.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Resistance to the broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic agents in @entity1 cell lines and @entity1 has been called multiple drug resistance (MDR). In this study, the molecular mechanisms of resistance to two anticancer agents ( @entity5 and @entity6 ) in @entity2 cell line MCF-7 were investigated. Drug resistant sublines to @entity5 (MCF-7/Pac) and @entity6 (MCF-7/ @entity9 ) that were developed from sensitive MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/S) were used. cDNA microarray analysis was performed for the RNA samples of sensitive and resistant cells in duplicate experiments. GeneSpring GX 7.3.1 Software was used in data analysis. The results indicated that the upregulation of @entity4 gene is the dominating mechanism of the @entity5 and @entity6 drug resistance. Additionally the upregulation of the genes encoding the detoxifying enzymes (i.e. @entity7 ) was observed. Significant downregulation of apoptotic genes (i.e. @entity10 ) and upregulation of some cell cycle regulatory genes ( @entity3 , @entity8 etc.) was seen which may be in close relation to MDR in @entity0 . Drug resistant @entity1 cells exhibit different gene expression patterns depending on drug treatment, and each drug resistance phenotype is probably genetically different. Further functional studies are needed to demonstrate the complete set of genes contributing to the drug resistance phenotype in @entity0 cells.

title: A microarray based expression profiling of @entity5 and XXXX resistant MCF-7 cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Resistance to the broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic agents in @entity1 cell lines and @entity1 has been called multiple drug resistance (MDR). In this study, the molecular mechanisms of resistance to two anticancer agents ( @entity5 and @entity6 ) in @entity2 cell line MCF-7 were investigated. Drug resistant sublines to @entity5 (MCF-7/Pac) and @entity6 (MCF-7/ @entity9 ) that were developed from sensitive MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/S) were used. cDNA microarray analysis was performed for the RNA samples of sensitive and resistant cells in duplicate experiments. GeneSpring GX 7.3.1 Software was used in data analysis. The results indicated that the upregulation of @entity4 gene is the dominating mechanism of the @entity5 and @entity6 drug resistance. Additionally the upregulation of the genes encoding the detoxifying enzymes (i.e. @entity7 ) was observed. Significant downregulation of apoptotic genes (i.e. @entity10 ) and upregulation of some cell cycle regulatory genes ( @entity3 , @entity8 etc.) was seen which may be in close relation to MDR in @entity0 . Drug resistant @entity1 cells exhibit different gene expression patterns depending on drug treatment, and each drug resistance phenotype is probably genetically different. Further functional studies are needed to demonstrate the complete set of genes contributing to the drug resistance phenotype in @entity0 cells.

title: A microarray based expression profiling of XXXX and @entity6 resistant MCF-7 cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is a @entity2 -finger transcription factor that regulates many essential processes, including development and cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Along with these roles in normal cells and tissues, @entity6 has important @entity1 suppressive and oncogenic functions in some @entity1 . However, the roles of @entity6 in @entity3 remain unclear. This study investigated the epigenetic alterations and possible roles of @entity6 in @entity1 . Notably, @entity6 expression was significantly decreased in @entity0 @entity1 tissues compared with healthy controls, and @entity6 promoter hypermethylation contributed to the suppression of @entity6 expression. @entity6 expression was associated with @entity1 grade. Its expression was much lower in poorly differentiated @entity1 than in well-differentiated @entity1 cells. @entity6 exerted its antitumor activity in vitro and/or in vivo by inhibiting cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell colony formation and by inducing apoptosis. In addition, @entity6 over-expression promoted @entity1 cell migration and invasion in vitro. Knockdown of @entity6 promoted @entity1 cells growth and colony formation, and simultaneously inhibited cell migration and invasion. Mechanistic studies revealed that @entity4 might contribute to @entity6 -mediated cell migration and invasion. These results provide evidence that @entity6 might play Janus-faced roles in @entity1 , acting both as a @entity1 suppressor and as an oncogene.

title: The Janus-faced roles of @entity5 in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is a @entity2 -finger transcription factor that regulates many essential processes, including development and cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Along with these roles in normal cells and tissues, @entity6 has important @entity1 suppressive and oncogenic functions in some @entity1 . However, the roles of @entity6 in @entity3 remain unclear. This study investigated the epigenetic alterations and possible roles of @entity6 in @entity1 . Notably, @entity6 expression was significantly decreased in @entity0 @entity1 tissues compared with healthy controls, and @entity6 promoter hypermethylation contributed to the suppression of @entity6 expression. @entity6 expression was associated with @entity1 grade. Its expression was much lower in poorly differentiated @entity1 than in well-differentiated @entity1 cells. @entity6 exerted its antitumor activity in vitro and/or in vivo by inhibiting cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell colony formation and by inducing apoptosis. In addition, @entity6 over-expression promoted @entity1 cell migration and invasion in vitro. Knockdown of @entity6 promoted @entity1 cells growth and colony formation, and simultaneously inhibited cell migration and invasion. Mechanistic studies revealed that @entity4 might contribute to @entity6 -mediated cell migration and invasion. These results provide evidence that @entity6 might play Janus-faced roles in @entity1 , acting both as a @entity1 suppressor and as an oncogene.

title: The Janus-faced roles of XXXX in @entity3 cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of penetrating @entity2 (PAI) has increased in the West African sub-region. OBJECTIVE: To determine the pattern and management outcome of penetrating @entity2 (PAI) in the two main teaching hospitals in Ghana. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective and retrospective descriptive study. SETTING: Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi and Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Accra. METHODS: Relevant details of all adult @entity0 admitted with penetrating @entity2 over a 11-year period were recorded at KATH and KBTH in Accra. The study in KATH was prospective pro forma based and that in the KBTH was a retrospective case review of all penetrating @entity2 . RESULTS: There were 411 @entity0 , mostly @entity0 (M: F-8:1). The peak age of @entity0 was 20-29 years, 164 @entity0 (39.9%). Abdominal stab wound injuries accounted for 251 (61.1%). Three hundred and thirty - one @entity0 (80.5%) had an emergency laparotomy. Twelve @entity0 required 16 emergency thoracotomies. The small bowel (23.2%), stomach (12.9%), colon (10.2%), the liver (10.0%), were the most commonly injured organs. In 92 @entity0 (29.0%) no significant @entity2 was detected at laparotomy CONCLUSION: Stab wounds are the main penetrating @entity2 seen mostly among young male adults in Ghana. Management was by a mandatory laparotomy after clinical assessment. The overall mortality was 4.4%. Selective non-operative management of @entity1 wounds is possible.

title: Penetrating XXXX in adults seen at two teaching hospitals in ghana.

answer: @entity2


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and complications of immediate preoperative @entity7 (BP) in @entity0 with well-controlled @entity3 but with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between 110 and 130 mmHg on arrival at the operating room (OR). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, large-sample study. SETTING: University-affiliated, 550-bed community hospital. @entity0 : 989 @entity0 with well-controlled @entity3 , who were scheduled for surgery, and who had no previous @entity8 , unstable or severe @entity11 , @entity4 , pregnancy induced @entity3 , @entity12 , previous coronary revascularization, @entity6 , @entity10 , @entity13 , or @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: @entity0 with DBP between 110 and 130 mmHg were randomly allocated to two groups: 400 @entity0 in the control group and 589 @entity0 serving as the study group. The control group had their surgery postponed and they remained in hospital for BP control, and the study @entity0 received 10 mg of @entity9 intranasally delivered. The @entity0 were observed for @entity2 during the intraoperative period and over the first three postoperative days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The two groups were similar in age, gender, type of surgery, duration of anesthesia, and intraoperative fluid administration. There were no statistically significant @entity5 . The hospitalization time was considerable shorter in the study group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate preoperative reduction of @entity14 with intranasal @entity9 is safe in @entity0 with well-controlled arterial @entity3 but they presented with severe to very severe @entity3 for @entity0 in the OR. We were able to avoid unnecessary surgery postponement and attendant costs.

title: The dilemma of immediate preoperative XXXX : to treat and operate, or to postpone surgery?

answer: @entity3


abstract: A pattern of @entity4 has emerged in 10 of the 200 @entity0 treated with ionizing external beam radiation and 915 MHz microwave induced @entity3 for superficial @entity1 . @entity0 report various sensations in parts of the body which not only are far removed from the treated area, but also are not generated through pathways in the treated areas. The most common sensation was a numbness and tingling in the ipsilateral arm when the chest was being treated. In each case, the applicator was at least three aperture widths from the axilla; the angle with the axilla was approximately 90 degrees, and the applicator was angled from 90-180 degrees to the affected arm. In each case, the sensation was only appreciated when the microwave energy was present. There was no correlation of sensation with level of power application. The sensation would saturate at power densities far below those used to achieve therapeutic heating. One @entity0 reported such a severe "burning" sensation in the arm at the lowest measurable power from the generator that further treatment was discontinued. Only one @entity0 had a demonstrable @entity2 . These effects were @entity0 specific and repeated from treatment to treatment in at least two-thirds of the treatment sessions. Sensitive @entity0 were sporadically distributed throughout the @entity0 population.

title: Transient microwave induced neurosensory reactions during superficial XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB) and transendothelial trafficking of immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS) are pathophysiological hallmarks of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and its animal model, @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Kinins are proinflammatory peptides which are released during tissue injury including @entity7 . They increase vascular permeability and enhance @entity3 by acting on distinct @entity5 receptors, @entity10 and @entity9 . We studied the expression of @entity10 and @entity9 and the effect of their inhibition on the disease course, BBB integrity and T cell migration following @entity8 ( @entity8 (35-55))-induced @entity7 . @entity10 , but not @entity9 expression was markedly enhanced in inflammatory CNS lesions in @entity2 and @entity0 . Brain endothelial cells could be identified as major source of @entity10 protein. The severity of @entity7 was significantly alleviated in @entity10 (-/-) @entity2 compared with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) controls (P<0.05). Treatment of @entity4 @entity2 with the @entity10 antagonist R715 before and after disease onset was equally effective (P<0.05) while @entity10 activation by R838 promoted @entity7 (P<0.05). @entity10 inhibition was accompanied by a remarkable reduction of BBB disruption and tissue @entity3 . In vitro analyses revealed that @entity10 suppression reverses the upregulation of ICAM-I and VCAM-I at the inflamed BBB thereby limiting T cell transmigration. In contrast, blocking @entity9 had no significant impact on @entity7 . We conclude that @entity10 inhibition can reduce BBB damage and cell invasion during @entity6 and may offer a novel anti-inflammatory strategy for the treatment of @entity1 .

title: Blockade of the kinin receptor B1 protects from XXXX by reducing leukocyte trafficking.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Because of its central importance in medical diagnosis, sources of bias in the @entity0 history must be identified. We report here a study of interobserver agreement in @entity1 histories. Histories were obtained by physicians, nurse practitioners, and self-administered questionnaires. We used a discriminant rule to classify the histories as being more or less typical of @entity2 . A sub-group of the subjects underwent coronary arteriography after the histories were obtained. In subjects with positive coronary arteriograms, physicians consistently obtained histories typical of @entity2 more often than a self-administered questionnaire. There was no significant systematic bias when comparing physician interviews to the questionnaire among subjects with negative arteriograms nor when comparing two physicians' interviews or a nurse practitioner interview to a questionnaire. When compared to physician interviews, nurse practitioner interviews produced histories less typical of @entity2 . We conclude that there are systematic differences between the histories obtained by physicians, nurse practitioners, and self-administered questionnaires. Questionnaires can produce biased @entity0 histories and should be carefully validated before being used in @entity0 care activities or health care research.

title: Systematic bias in recording the history in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Because of its central importance in medical diagnosis, sources of bias in the @entity0 history must be identified. We report here a study of interobserver agreement in @entity1 histories. Histories were obtained by physicians, nurse practitioners, and self-administered questionnaires. We used a discriminant rule to classify the histories as being more or less typical of @entity2 . A sub-group of the subjects underwent coronary arteriography after the histories were obtained. In subjects with positive coronary arteriograms, physicians consistently obtained histories typical of @entity2 more often than a self-administered questionnaire. There was no significant systematic bias when comparing physician interviews to the questionnaire among subjects with negative arteriograms nor when comparing two physicians' interviews or a nurse practitioner interview to a questionnaire. When compared to physician interviews, nurse practitioner interviews produced histories less typical of @entity2 . We conclude that there are systematic differences between the histories obtained by physicians, nurse practitioners, and self-administered questionnaires. Questionnaires can produce biased @entity0 histories and should be carefully validated before being used in @entity0 care activities or health care research.

title: Systematic bias in recording the history in XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Two-bottle tests have been used extensively to measure the preference for taste and nutrient solutions but there has been little work with tests involving more than two bottles. Here, we compare the results obtained in two-bottle tests with those obtained in three- and six-bottle tests. In Experiment 1, we measured the preferences for 2 mM @entity4 , 50 mM @entity2 , 0.3 mM @entity3 and 75 mM @entity1 displayed by 129X1/SvJ (129) and C57BL/6J (B6) @entity0 . @entity0 drank more taste solution when they received two bottles providing taste solution and one providing water than when they received either a standard two-bottle test or two bottles providing water and one providing taste solution. The three-bottle tests also revealed the left spout side preferences of the 129 strain and were generally better at distinguishing between the 129 and B6 strains (i.e. were more sensitive) than were the two-bottle tests. In Experiment 2, we measured intakes and preferences in tests with six bottles, with one, two, three, four or five containing 75 mM @entity1 and the rest containing water. @entity1 preferences were monotonically related to the number of @entity1 spouts available. A follow-up experiment found similar results whether the index of ingestion was volume intakes or licks. This argues that spillage cannot account for the effect of spout number on taste solution intake. Together, the results suggest that (i) the number of bottles of taste solution and water has a profound influence on taste solution intake and preference, and (ii) three-bottle tests may be more sensitive than two-bottle tests in many circumstances.

title: XXXX taste preference tests: why only two bottles?

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose . To determine if two widely used behavioral change measures-Stages of Change (SoC) and @entity0 Activation Measure (PAM)-correlate with each other, are affected by financial incentives, or predict positive outcomes in the context of incentive-based health interventions. Design . Secondary analysis of two randomized controlled trials of incentives for @entity3 and for improved @entity1 self-monitoring. Setting . Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Newark, New Jersey. Subjects . A total of 132 @entity2 and 75 @entity1 adults enrolled in one of two trials. Measures . SoC and PAM scores; @entity3 and usage rate of @entity1 self-monitoring equipment. Analysis . Multiple regression; Kruskal-Wallis test. Results . We found no association between baseline SoC and PAM scores in either study (p = .30 and p = .89). @entity4 models showed no association between baseline PAM score and SoC and subsequent outcomes for either study ( @entity3 study: PAM: p = .14, SoC: p = .1; @entity1 study: PAM: p = .45, SoC: p = .61). Change in PAM score and SoC among @entity0 in the intervention groups did not differ by study arm or among @entity0 with better outcomes. Conclusion . PAM score and SoC may not effectively predict success or monitor progress among individuals enrolled in incentive-based interventions.

title: Stages of Change and XXXX Activation Measure Scores in the Context of Incentive-Based Health Interventions.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a recently described salivary gland malignancy. We evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and long-term clinical behaviour of MASCs. A total of 190 primary @entity1 at a single institution were reviewed along with relevant immunohistochemical and fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) studies to identify MASCs. Nine MASCs were identified predominantly in the parotid with an equal incidence in @entity0 and @entity0 and mean age of 36 years. The @entity1 size ranged from 14 to 50mm (mean 22mm). MASCs were composed of monotonous cells with vacuolated eosinophilic cytoplasm and a small nucleus with a distinctive nucleolus. All cases showed immunoreactivity with S-100, @entity5 , @entity6 and mammoglobin, and lacked immunoreactivity with @entity7 , @entity4 , @entity3 and calponin. @entity8 rearrangement was seen in all cases. No mutations were identified using the OncoCarta Panel v1.0 Kit. Follow up was available for 0.4 to 22 years (median 4 years). Intraparotid lymph node involvement and local recurrence were seen in one @entity0 each. There were no distant metastases. MASCs have specific histopathological features and immunohistochemical profile that distinguish them from their mimics. FISH plays a confirmatory role. An indolent long-term clinical course was observed in this cohort despite involvement of intraparotid lymph node and microscopically involved/close margins.

title: XXXX : an evaluation of its clinicopathological and genetic characteristics.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that a greater 2-year decline in office-based functional performance measures would be associated with greater @entity2 and mortality in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). BACKGROUND: Associations of decline in functional performance with clinically important outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 are unknown. METHODS: A total of 440 @entity0 and @entity0 with @entity3 completed the 6-min walk test and measures of walking velocity at baseline and annually for 2 years. @entity0 were categorized into tertiles according to their functional decline between baseline and 2-year follow-up and were followed annually after the functional change assessment. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess relations between the 2-year change in functional performance with later mortality and @entity2 , with adjustments for age, sex, race, ankle brachial index, comorbidities, and other confounders. RESULTS: A total of 102 @entity0 (23.2%) died during a median follow-up of 44.5 months after functional change was assessed. Of 319 @entity0 without baseline mobility disability, 60 (18.8%) developed @entity2 after functional change was assessed. @entity0 in the tertile with the greatest 6-min walk decline had the highest subsequent @entity2 (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.50; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56 to 7.85; p = 0.002), all-cause mortality (HR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.28 to 3.64; p = 0.004), and @entity1 mortality (HR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.08 to 5.54; p = 0.031), compared with those with the smallest 6-min walk decline. Greater declines in fastest-paced 4-m walking velocity were associated with higher @entity2 (p trend = 0.018), all-cause mortality (p trend = 0.01), and @entity1 (p trend = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity3 with declining functional performance are at increased risk for later @entity2 and mortality.

title: Decline in functional performance predicts later increased XXXX and mortality in @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that a greater 2-year decline in office-based functional performance measures would be associated with greater @entity2 and mortality in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). BACKGROUND: Associations of decline in functional performance with clinically important outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 are unknown. METHODS: A total of 440 @entity0 and @entity0 with @entity3 completed the 6-min walk test and measures of walking velocity at baseline and annually for 2 years. @entity0 were categorized into tertiles according to their functional decline between baseline and 2-year follow-up and were followed annually after the functional change assessment. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess relations between the 2-year change in functional performance with later mortality and @entity2 , with adjustments for age, sex, race, ankle brachial index, comorbidities, and other confounders. RESULTS: A total of 102 @entity0 (23.2%) died during a median follow-up of 44.5 months after functional change was assessed. Of 319 @entity0 without baseline mobility disability, 60 (18.8%) developed @entity2 after functional change was assessed. @entity0 in the tertile with the greatest 6-min walk decline had the highest subsequent @entity2 (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.50; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56 to 7.85; p = 0.002), all-cause mortality (HR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.28 to 3.64; p = 0.004), and @entity1 mortality (HR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.08 to 5.54; p = 0.031), compared with those with the smallest 6-min walk decline. Greater declines in fastest-paced 4-m walking velocity were associated with higher @entity2 (p trend = 0.018), all-cause mortality (p trend = 0.01), and @entity1 (p trend = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity3 with declining functional performance are at increased risk for later @entity2 and mortality.

title: Decline in functional performance predicts later increased @entity2 and mortality in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Diet guidelines recommend increasing dietary diversity. Yet, metrics for dietary diversity have neither been well-defined nor evaluated for impact on metabolic health. Also, whether diversity has effects independent of diet quality is unknown. We characterized and evaluated associations of diet diversity and quality with @entity3 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity2 . At baseline (2000-02), diet was assessed among 5,160 Whites, Hispanic, Blacks, and Chinese age 45-84 y and free of @entity4 , using a validated questionnaire. Three different aspects of diet diversity were characterized including count (number of different food items eaten more than once/week, a broad measure of diversity), evenness (Berry index, a measure of the spread of the diversity), and dissimilarity (Jaccard distance, a measure of the diversity of the attributes of the foods consumed). Diet quality was characterized using aHEI, DASH, and a priori pattern. Count and evenness were weakly positively correlated with diet quality (r with AHEI: 0.20, 0.04), while dissimilarity was moderately inversely correlated (r = -0.34). In multivariate models, neither count nor evenness was associated with change in waist circumference (WC) or incident @entity4 . Greater food dissimilarity was associated with higher gain in WC (p-trend<0.01), with 120% higher gain in @entity0 in the highest quintile of dissimilarity scores. Diet diversity was not associated with incident @entity4 . Also, none of the diversity metrics were associated with change in WC or incident @entity4 when restricted to only healthier or less healthy foods. Higher diet quality was associated with lower risk of @entity4 . Our findings provide little evidence for benefits of diet diversity for either @entity3 or @entity1 . Greater dissimilarity among foods was actually associated with gain in WC. These results do not support the notion that "eating everything in moderation" leads to greater diet quality or better metabolic health.

title: Everything in Moderation - Dietary Diversity and Quality, @entity3 and Risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Diet guidelines recommend increasing dietary diversity. Yet, metrics for dietary diversity have neither been well-defined nor evaluated for impact on metabolic health. Also, whether diversity has effects independent of diet quality is unknown. We characterized and evaluated associations of diet diversity and quality with @entity3 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity2 . At baseline (2000-02), diet was assessed among 5,160 Whites, Hispanic, Blacks, and Chinese age 45-84 y and free of @entity4 , using a validated questionnaire. Three different aspects of diet diversity were characterized including count (number of different food items eaten more than once/week, a broad measure of diversity), evenness (Berry index, a measure of the spread of the diversity), and dissimilarity (Jaccard distance, a measure of the diversity of the attributes of the foods consumed). Diet quality was characterized using aHEI, DASH, and a priori pattern. Count and evenness were weakly positively correlated with diet quality (r with AHEI: 0.20, 0.04), while dissimilarity was moderately inversely correlated (r = -0.34). In multivariate models, neither count nor evenness was associated with change in waist circumference (WC) or incident @entity4 . Greater food dissimilarity was associated with higher gain in WC (p-trend<0.01), with 120% higher gain in @entity0 in the highest quintile of dissimilarity scores. Diet diversity was not associated with incident @entity4 . Also, none of the diversity metrics were associated with change in WC or incident @entity4 when restricted to only healthier or less healthy foods. Higher diet quality was associated with lower risk of @entity4 . Our findings provide little evidence for benefits of diet diversity for either @entity3 or @entity1 . Greater dissimilarity among foods was actually associated with gain in WC. These results do not support the notion that "eating everything in moderation" leads to greater diet quality or better metabolic health.

title: Everything in Moderation - Dietary Diversity and Quality, XXXX and Risk of @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Rapid improvements in the detection and tracking of early-stage @entity2 progression aim to guide decisions regarding cancer treatments as well as predict metastatic recurrence in @entity0 following surgery. Mathematical models may have the potential to further assist in estimating metastatic risk, particularly when paired with in vivo @entity2 data that faithfully represent all stages of disease progression. Herein, we describe mathematical analysis that uses data from @entity3 models of spontaneous @entity1 developing after surgical removal of orthotopically implanted @entity2 . Both presurgical ( @entity2 ) growth and postsurgical (metastatic) growth were quantified using bioluminescence and were then used to generate a mathematical formalism based on general laws of the disease (i.e., dissemination and growth). The model was able to fit and predict pre/postsurgical data at the level of the individual as well as the population. Our approach also enabled retrospective analysis of clinical data describing the probability of metastatic relapse as a function of @entity2 size. In these data-based models, interindividual variability was quantified by a key parameter of intrinsic metastatic potential. Critically, our analysis identified a highly nonlinear relationship between @entity2 size and postsurgical survival, suggesting possible threshold limits for the utility of @entity2 size as a predictor of metastatic recurrence. These findings represent a novel use of clinically relevant models to assess the impact of surgery on metastatic potential and may guide optimal timing of treatments in neoadjuvant (presurgical) and adjuvant (postsurgical) settings to maximize @entity0 benefit. @entity2 Res; 76(3); 1-13.   2015 AACR.

title: Modeling Spontaneous XXXX following Surgery: An In Vivo-In Silico Approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The present study examined the genomic differences between @entity4 virus (FMDV) R strain and its attenuated, @entity2 -passaged (R(304)) strain. Eleven pairs of primers were used to amplify the complete genome of FMDV R and R(304) by RT-PCR. Each fragment was cloned into pMD18-T vector and sequenced. Nucleotide analyses showed that the genome encoding regions of R and R(304) strains open reading frame (ORF) were both 6966 @entity3 (nt) in length, encoding 2322 @entity1 . One hundred and ten @entity3 or 32 @entity1 were found to be mutated most frequently were in the 3A gene. The next highest rates of mutation were observed in the LP and 1D genes. No mutations were found in either the 2A or 2C genes. The length of 5'IRES region and 3'UTR were 450 nt and 94 nt, respectively. The 5'IRES region and 3'UTR had only 4 nt and 3 nt mutation, respectively after attenuation. The R(304) poly(A) tail length of 18 nt, while that of the R strain was 30 nt. This result demonstrated the primary genomic changes of a FMDV and its @entity0 , which has important implications in understanding the molecular epidemiology and functional genomics of FMDV.

title: Genomic comparison of @entity4 virus R strain and its @entity2 -passaged XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The present study examined the genomic differences between @entity4 virus (FMDV) R strain and its attenuated, @entity2 -passaged (R(304)) strain. Eleven pairs of primers were used to amplify the complete genome of FMDV R and R(304) by RT-PCR. Each fragment was cloned into pMD18-T vector and sequenced. Nucleotide analyses showed that the genome encoding regions of R and R(304) strains open reading frame (ORF) were both 6966 @entity3 (nt) in length, encoding 2322 @entity1 . One hundred and ten @entity3 or 32 @entity1 were found to be mutated most frequently were in the 3A gene. The next highest rates of mutation were observed in the LP and 1D genes. No mutations were found in either the 2A or 2C genes. The length of 5'IRES region and 3'UTR were 450 nt and 94 nt, respectively. The 5'IRES region and 3'UTR had only 4 nt and 3 nt mutation, respectively after attenuation. The R(304) poly(A) tail length of 18 nt, while that of the R strain was 30 nt. This result demonstrated the primary genomic changes of a FMDV and its @entity0 , which has important implications in understanding the molecular epidemiology and functional genomics of FMDV.

title: Genomic comparison of XXXX virus R strain and its @entity2 -passaged @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The present study examined the genomic differences between @entity4 virus (FMDV) R strain and its attenuated, @entity2 -passaged (R(304)) strain. Eleven pairs of primers were used to amplify the complete genome of FMDV R and R(304) by RT-PCR. Each fragment was cloned into pMD18-T vector and sequenced. Nucleotide analyses showed that the genome encoding regions of R and R(304) strains open reading frame (ORF) were both 6966 @entity3 (nt) in length, encoding 2322 @entity1 . One hundred and ten @entity3 or 32 @entity1 were found to be mutated most frequently were in the 3A gene. The next highest rates of mutation were observed in the LP and 1D genes. No mutations were found in either the 2A or 2C genes. The length of 5'IRES region and 3'UTR were 450 nt and 94 nt, respectively. The 5'IRES region and 3'UTR had only 4 nt and 3 nt mutation, respectively after attenuation. The R(304) poly(A) tail length of 18 nt, while that of the R strain was 30 nt. This result demonstrated the primary genomic changes of a FMDV and its @entity0 , which has important implications in understanding the molecular epidemiology and functional genomics of FMDV.

title: Genomic comparison of @entity4 virus R strain and its XXXX -passaged @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Here we compared results of PCR/pyrosequencing to culture for detecting bacteria directly from blood. DNA was extracted from 1130 bloods on 913 @entity0 suspected of @entity1 (enrollment criteria; physician-ordered blood culture and CBC), and 102 controls (healthy blood donors). Real-time PCR assays for beta-globin and Universal 16S rDNA targets were performed on all 1,232 extracts. Specimens identified by Universal 16S rDNA PCR/pyrosequencing as containing Staphylococci, Streptococci, or enteric gram-negative rod had target-specific PCR/pyrosequencing performed. Amplifiable beta-globin (Tm; 87.2  C   0.2  C) occurred in 99.1% (1120/1130) of @entity0 extracts and 100% (102/102) of controls. Concordance between PCR/pyrosequencing and culture was 96.9% (1085/1120) for Universal 16S rDNA target, with positivity rates of 9.4% (105/1120) and 11.3% (126/1120), respectively. Bacteria cultured included: Staphylococci (59/126, 46.8%), gram-negative rods (34/126, 27%), Streptococci (32/126, 25.4%), and Gram-positive rod (1/126, 0.8%). All controls screened negative by PCR/pyrosequencing. Clinical performance characteristics (95% CI) for Universal 16S rDNA PCR/pyrosequencing included sensitivity: 77.8% (69.5-84.7), specificity: 99.3% (98.6-99.7), @entity2 : 93.3% (86.8-97.3), and NPV: 97.2% (96.0-98.2). Bacteria were accurately identified in 77.8% (98/126) of culture-confirmed sepsis with Universal 16S PCR/pyrosequencing and in 76.4% (96/126) with follow-up target-specific PCR/pyrosequencing. Initial PCR/pyrosequencing took    5.5 hours to complete, or    7.5 hours when including target-specific PCR/pyrosequencing compared to 27.9 +/- 13.6 hours for Gram stain or 81.6 +/- 24.0 hours for phenotypic identification. In summary, this molecular-based approach detected the causative bacteria in over three-quarters of all culture-confirmed cases of @entity1 directly from blood in significantly less time than standard culture, but cannot be used to rule-out infection.

title: Direct Screening of Blood by PCR and Pyrosequencing for a 16S rDNA Target from ED and ICU XXXX Being Evaluated for Bloodstream Infection.

answer: @entity0


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To increase radiologic knowledge, the distribution of mammographic features on prior screening mammograms of missed interval and screen-detected @entity2 was compared to the distribution on diagnostic mammograms of screen-detected @entity2 . The same variables were compared on mammograms of discordant and concordant screen-detected @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed in M  re og Romsdal County, Norway, as a part of the quality assurance of the Norwegian @entity0 Screening Program. @entity1 were screened using analog techniques and diagnosed from 2002 to 2008. Prior and diagnostic mammograms of 81 interval and 123 screen-detected @entity0 in @entity1 aged 50 to 71 years were retrospectively reviewed and classified as either missed or true by four experienced breast radiologists. Mammographic features were classified according to a modified Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. RESULTS: Thirty percent (24 of 81) of the interval @entity2 and 21% (26 of 123) of the screen-detected @entity2 were classified as missed. Calcifications, alone or in association with mass or asymmetry, tended to be more common on prior mammograms of missed @entity2 compared to diagnostic mammograms of screen-detected @entity2 (34% [17 of 50] vs 21% [26 of 123], P = .114), whereas an opposite trend was seen for mass (54% [27 of 50] vs 68% [84 of 123], P = .109). Similar results were seen when comparing discordant and concordant @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Calcifications represent a challenge in the interpretation of screening mammograms. For educational purposes, the importance of reviewing both interval and screen-detected @entity2 is obvious. Knowledge gained from systematic reviews might reduce the number of missed @entity2 on mammographic screening. Performing reviews according to established guidelines would make it possible to compare results across screening programs.

title: Missed and true interval and screen-detected XXXX in a population based screening program.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although the relationship between aging and @entity2 is well established, there is substantial individual variability in the degree of @entity2 in older adults. The present study investigates whether variability in cognitive performance in community-dwelling older adults is related to the presence of whole brain or tract-specific changes in white matter microstructure. Specifically, we examine whether age-related decline in performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a cognitive screening tool, is mediated by the white matter microstructural decline. We also examine if this relationship is driven by the presence of @entity1 factors or variability in cerebral arterial pulsatility, an index of @entity1 . Sixty-nine @entity0 (aged 43-87) completed behavioral and MRI testing including T1 structural, T2-weighted FLAIR, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. Measures of white matter microstructure were calculated using diffusion tensor imaging analyses on the DWI sequence. Multiple linear regression revealed that MoCA scores were predicted by radial diffusivity (RaD) of white matter beyond age or other cerebral measures. While increasing age and arterial pulsatility were associated with increasing RaD, these factors did not mediate the relationship between total white matter RaD and MoCA. Further, the relationship between MoCA and RaD was specific to @entity0 who reported at least one @entity1 factor. These findings highlight the importance of @entity1 factors in the presentation of @entity2 in old age. Further work is needed to establish whether medical or lifestyle management of these risk factors can prevent or reverse @entity2 in old age.

title: Microstructural white matter changes mediate age-related XXXX on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

answer: @entity2


abstract: Purpose: Tumor regression grade (TRG) is predictive of therapeutic response in @entity1 @entity0 after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by curative resection. However, various TRG systems have been suggested, with subjective categorization, resulting in interobserver variability. This study compared the prognostic validity of four different TRG systems in order to identify the most ideal TRG system. Materials and Methods: This study included 933 @entity0 who underwent preoperative CRT and curative resection. @entity1 alone were graded according to the AJCC, Dworak, and Ryan TRG systems, and both @entity1 and regional lymph nodes were graded according to a modified Dworak TRG system. The ability of each TRG system to predict @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was analyzed using   2 and C statistics. Results: All four TRG systems were significantly predictive of both @entity2 and @entity2 (P<0.001 each), however none was a better predictor of prognosis than ypStage. Among the four TRGs, the mDworak TRG system was a better predictor of @entity2 and @entity2 than the AJCC, Dworak, and Ryan TRG systems, and both the   2 and C statistics were higher for the former, although the differences were not statistically significant. The combination of ypStage and the modified Dworak TRG better predicted @entity2 and @entity2 than ypStage alone. Conclusion: s The modified Dworak TRG system for evaluation of entire @entity1 including regional lymph nodes is a better predictor of survival than current TRG systems for evaluation of the @entity1 alone.

title: What Is the Ideal Tumor Regression Grading System in XXXX @entity0 After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy?

answer: @entity1


abstract: Purpose: Tumor regression grade (TRG) is predictive of therapeutic response in @entity1 @entity0 after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by curative resection. However, various TRG systems have been suggested, with subjective categorization, resulting in interobserver variability. This study compared the prognostic validity of four different TRG systems in order to identify the most ideal TRG system. Materials and Methods: This study included 933 @entity0 who underwent preoperative CRT and curative resection. @entity1 alone were graded according to the AJCC, Dworak, and Ryan TRG systems, and both @entity1 and regional lymph nodes were graded according to a modified Dworak TRG system. The ability of each TRG system to predict @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was analyzed using   2 and C statistics. Results: All four TRG systems were significantly predictive of both @entity2 and @entity2 (P<0.001 each), however none was a better predictor of prognosis than ypStage. Among the four TRGs, the mDworak TRG system was a better predictor of @entity2 and @entity2 than the AJCC, Dworak, and Ryan TRG systems, and both the   2 and C statistics were higher for the former, although the differences were not statistically significant. The combination of ypStage and the modified Dworak TRG better predicted @entity2 and @entity2 than ypStage alone. Conclusion: s The modified Dworak TRG system for evaluation of entire @entity1 including regional lymph nodes is a better predictor of survival than current TRG systems for evaluation of the @entity1 alone.

title: What Is the Ideal Tumor Regression Grading System in @entity1 XXXX After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy?

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To propose standardized consensus definitions for important clinical endpoints in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), investigations in an effort to improve the quality of clinical research and to enable meaningful comparisons between clinical trials. To make these consensus definitions accessible to all stakeholders in TAVI clinical research through a peer reviewed publication, on behalf of the public health. BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation may provide a worthwhile less invasive treatment in many @entity0 with severe @entity3 and since its introduction to the medical community in 2002, there has been an explosive growth in procedures. The integration of TAVI into daily clinical practice should be guided by academic activities, which requires a harmonized and structured process for data collection, interpretation, and reporting during well-conducted clinical trials. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Valve @entity6 established an independent collaboration between Academic Research organizations and specialty societies (cardiology and cardiac surgery) in the USA and Europe. Two meetings, in San Francisco, California (September 2009) and in Amsterdam, the Netherlands (December 2009), including key physician experts, and representatives from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and device manufacturers, were focused on creating consistent endpoint definitions and consensus recommendations for implementation in TAVI clinical research programs. Important considerations in developing endpoint definitions included (i) respect for the historical legacy of surgical valve guidelines; (ii) identification of pathophysiological mechanisms associated with clinical events; (iii) emphasis on clinical relevance. Consensus criteria were developed for the following endpoints: mortality, @entity5 , @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity2 , and prosthetic valve performance. Composite endpoints for TAVI safety and effectiveness were also recommended. CONCLUSION: Although consensus criteria will invariably include certain arbitrary features, an organized multidisciplinary process to develop specific definitions for TAVI clinical research should provide consistency across studies that can facilitate the evaluation of this new important catheter-based therapy. The broadly based consensus endpoint definitions described in this document may be useful for regulatory and clinical trial purposes.

title: Standardized endpoint definitions for transcatheter aortic valve implantation clinical trials: a consensus report from the Valve XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents increases sympathetic outflow and blood pressure. Chemicals released during @entity2 activate cardiac afferents. This study was to determine the responses of neurons in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to the cardiac afferent activation caused by exogenous chemicals or @entity2 using an extracellular single-unit recording method. @entity0 were anaesthetized and underwent bilateral cervical @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and carotid and aortic baroreceptor denervation (BD). In 196 spontaneously active neurons in parvicellular PVN, 60 (30.6%), 36 (18.4%) and 91 (46.4%) neurons were respectively sensitive, mildly sensitive and insensitive to @entity6 , while nine (4.6%) neurons showed inhibitory responses to @entity6 . Epicardial application of @entity6 activated @entity6 -sensitive neurons in the PVN and increased mean arterial pressure. These neurons were also sensitive to exogenous @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity1 . The neuron response is not secondary to a @entity6 -induced increase in mean arterial pressure because a similar degree of pressor response induced by @entity4 did not increase the neuron activity. Compared with intact @entity0 , @entity7 or BD or combined @entity7 and BD increased the response of @entity6 -sensitive neurons to epicardial application of @entity6 , while stimulation of vagal afferents inhibited the response. @entity2 caused increases in the activity of @entity6 -sensitive neurons and renal sympathetic nerve activity. The results indicate that chemical stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents activates @entity6 -sensitive neurons in parvicellular PVN, which is inhibited by the afferent activities of vagi and arterial baroreceptors. Acute @entity2 activates @entity6 -sensitive neurons in PVN and enhances sympathetic outflow.

title: Responses of neurons in paraventricular nucleus to activation of cardiac afferents and XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents increases sympathetic outflow and blood pressure. Chemicals released during @entity2 activate cardiac afferents. This study was to determine the responses of neurons in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to the cardiac afferent activation caused by exogenous chemicals or @entity2 using an extracellular single-unit recording method. @entity0 were anaesthetized and underwent bilateral cervical @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and carotid and aortic baroreceptor denervation (BD). In 196 spontaneously active neurons in parvicellular PVN, 60 (30.6%), 36 (18.4%) and 91 (46.4%) neurons were respectively sensitive, mildly sensitive and insensitive to @entity6 , while nine (4.6%) neurons showed inhibitory responses to @entity6 . Epicardial application of @entity6 activated @entity6 -sensitive neurons in the PVN and increased mean arterial pressure. These neurons were also sensitive to exogenous @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity1 . The neuron response is not secondary to a @entity6 -induced increase in mean arterial pressure because a similar degree of pressor response induced by @entity4 did not increase the neuron activity. Compared with intact @entity0 , @entity7 or BD or combined @entity7 and BD increased the response of @entity6 -sensitive neurons to epicardial application of @entity6 , while stimulation of vagal afferents inhibited the response. @entity2 caused increases in the activity of @entity6 -sensitive neurons and renal sympathetic nerve activity. The results indicate that chemical stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents activates @entity6 -sensitive neurons in parvicellular PVN, which is inhibited by the afferent activities of vagi and arterial baroreceptors. Acute @entity2 activates @entity6 -sensitive neurons in PVN and enhances sympathetic outflow.

title: Responses of neurons in paraventricular nucleus to activation of cardiac afferents and @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognosis for @entity0 with return of spontaneous circulation after @entity2 -related @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is unclear. Our purpose was to (1) determine outcomes for @entity0 with @entity5 resuscitated and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), (2) identify ICU-based predictors of in-hospital @entity3 in this population, and (3) compare outcomes of @entity0 resuscitated from @entity5 and atraumatic @entity4 (ATCA). METHODS: We performed a cohort study using a registry of ICU admissions from 120 US hospitals from 2001 to 2005. Inclusion criteria were age >17 years, admission to ICU via the emergency department, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation preceding ICU arrival. The primary outcome measure was survival to hospital discharge. We compared @entity5 and ATCA using binomial test and performed multivariable logistic regression to determine independent predictors of @entity3 among @entity2 subjects. RESULTS: A total of 4,048 subjects were included (309 @entity5 and 3,739 nonTRCA). Forty percent of @entity2 subjects survived. Independent predictors of @entity3 among @entity2 subjects included persistent postresuscitation @entity1 in the ICU and presentation to a nontrauma center. Despite being younger and having fewer comorbidities, subjects with @entity5 had lower survival than subjects with ATCA (40% vs. 49%, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Despite lower survival than ATCAs, a significant percentage of TRCAs surviving to ICU admission were discharged alive. This suggests aggressive support of this population is not necessarily futile. Investigation into whether optimization of postresuscitation factors would improve outcome for these @entity0 may be warranted.

title: Outcomes of XXXX victims with @entity4 who survive to intensive care unit admission.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognosis for @entity0 with return of spontaneous circulation after @entity2 -related @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is unclear. Our purpose was to (1) determine outcomes for @entity0 with @entity5 resuscitated and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), (2) identify ICU-based predictors of in-hospital @entity3 in this population, and (3) compare outcomes of @entity0 resuscitated from @entity5 and atraumatic @entity4 (ATCA). METHODS: We performed a cohort study using a registry of ICU admissions from 120 US hospitals from 2001 to 2005. Inclusion criteria were age >17 years, admission to ICU via the emergency department, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation preceding ICU arrival. The primary outcome measure was survival to hospital discharge. We compared @entity5 and ATCA using binomial test and performed multivariable logistic regression to determine independent predictors of @entity3 among @entity2 subjects. RESULTS: A total of 4,048 subjects were included (309 @entity5 and 3,739 nonTRCA). Forty percent of @entity2 subjects survived. Independent predictors of @entity3 among @entity2 subjects included persistent postresuscitation @entity1 in the ICU and presentation to a nontrauma center. Despite being younger and having fewer comorbidities, subjects with @entity5 had lower survival than subjects with ATCA (40% vs. 49%, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Despite lower survival than ATCAs, a significant percentage of TRCAs surviving to ICU admission were discharged alive. This suggests aggressive support of this population is not necessarily futile. Investigation into whether optimization of postresuscitation factors would improve outcome for these @entity0 may be warranted.

title: Outcomes of @entity2 victims with XXXX who survive to intensive care unit admission.

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective consecutive case series. OBJECTIVE: To assess the symptoms, neurologic signs, and radiologic findings in a large series of @entity0 with @entity6 due to spinal dural arteriovenous @entity4 (SDAVF). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND: The clinical diagnosis of SDAVF is difficult because presenting symptoms and signs can be similar to those seen with spinal canal stenosis or peripheral nerve or root disorders. METHODS: We reviewed 153 consecutive @entity0 with SDAVF treated surgically at our institution between 1985 and 2008. Before surgery, all @entity0 had detailed neurologic examination, 147 @entity0 had spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and all but one, had spinal angiography. We evaluated associations between symptoms, physical signs, spinal cord T2 signal abnormality on MRI, and @entity4 level on angiogram. RESULTS: Mean age was 63.5 years and 119 (77.8%) were @entity0 . @entity5 and sensory changes are usually symmetric and ascend from the lower extremities. Presenting symptoms included @entity5 (74 @entity0 , 48.4%), leg @entity2 (41 @entity0 , 26.8%), @entity3 involving back or legs (31 @entity0 , 20.3%), and @entity2 (6 @entity0 , 3.9%). @entity5 with @entity7 was present in 66 (43.1%) @entity0 and correlated with @entity4 location (P=0.04). Pinprick level was identified in 57 (37.3%) @entity0 ; L1 level (22.8%) was the most common, followed by T10 (19.3%). Fistula level (  2 levels) corresponded to pinprick level in only 40% of these @entity0 . T2 signal abnormality involved the conus in 95% of our @entity0 . Highest cord level of T2 signal hyperintensity (  2 levels) corresponded to pinprick level in 25% of cases. CONCLUSION: Leg weakness exacerbated by exercise, likely due to worsening @entity1 in the arterialized draining vein, is a common manifestation of thoracic SDAVF. Although a sensory level is often found, it cannot reliably guide the level of imaging. Thus, the entire spine should be examined with MRI when an SDAVF is suspected.

title: The clinical and radiological presentation of spinal dural arteriovenous XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is a serious complication after restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal @entity2 . Previous studies have shown significantly decreased leak rates in diverted @entity0 with less severe clinical consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate short and long term outcome of selective ileostomy formation in a multicentre cohort of @entity0 undergoing pouch surgery. METHODS: In a retrospective study, 621 @entity0 undergoing pouch surgery for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were identified from three large centres. @entity5 was defined as any leak confirmed by either contrast extravasation on imaging or during surgical re-intervention. RESULTS: In 305 @entity0 (49.1%), primary defunctioning ileostomy was created during pouch surgery and 41 (6.6%) @entity0 received a secondary ileostomy because of a leaking non-diverted pouch. Primary ileostomy formation was associated with male sex, @entity3 , @entity7 > 2, @entity4 use, one-stage surgery, hand-sewn @entity2 and blood transfusion. Leak rates were comparable between diverted and non-diverted @entity0 (16.7% vs 17.1%, p=0.92), which remained unchanged in subgroups with immunosuppressive medication. Having had an ileostomy was demonstrated to be an independent predictor of @entity6 (OR 2.58, 95%CI 1.45 - 4.67) and pouch fistulas (OR 3.05, 95%CI 1.06 - 8.73). The 10-year pouch survival was comparable for @entity0 with and without ileostomy (89% versus 88%, P=0.718). CONCLUSIONS: Leakage rates of diverted and non-diverted pouches in @entity1 @entity0 were similar and relatively high. Defunctioning was independently associated with long-term complications. A staged approach without defunctioning might be the best strategy.

title: Defunctioning ileostomy is not associated with reduced leakage in proctocolectomy and ileal pouch XXXX surgeries for @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is a serious complication after restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal @entity2 . Previous studies have shown significantly decreased leak rates in diverted @entity0 with less severe clinical consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate short and long term outcome of selective ileostomy formation in a multicentre cohort of @entity0 undergoing pouch surgery. METHODS: In a retrospective study, 621 @entity0 undergoing pouch surgery for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were identified from three large centres. @entity5 was defined as any leak confirmed by either contrast extravasation on imaging or during surgical re-intervention. RESULTS: In 305 @entity0 (49.1%), primary defunctioning ileostomy was created during pouch surgery and 41 (6.6%) @entity0 received a secondary ileostomy because of a leaking non-diverted pouch. Primary ileostomy formation was associated with male sex, @entity3 , @entity7 > 2, @entity4 use, one-stage surgery, hand-sewn @entity2 and blood transfusion. Leak rates were comparable between diverted and non-diverted @entity0 (16.7% vs 17.1%, p=0.92), which remained unchanged in subgroups with immunosuppressive medication. Having had an ileostomy was demonstrated to be an independent predictor of @entity6 (OR 2.58, 95%CI 1.45 - 4.67) and pouch fistulas (OR 3.05, 95%CI 1.06 - 8.73). The 10-year pouch survival was comparable for @entity0 with and without ileostomy (89% versus 88%, P=0.718). CONCLUSIONS: Leakage rates of diverted and non-diverted pouches in @entity1 @entity0 were similar and relatively high. Defunctioning was independently associated with long-term complications. A staged approach without defunctioning might be the best strategy.

title: Defunctioning ileostomy is not associated with reduced leakage in proctocolectomy and ileal pouch @entity2 surgeries for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: While it is well understood that individuals with @entity1 have difficulty with discourse comprehension, very few studies have examined the nature of discourse comprehension deficits in @entity1 and the potential for improvement in discourse comprehension after rehabilitation. To address the first goal, we previously developed the Test of Syntactic Effects on Discourse Comprehension (TSEDC), which provides a measure of the extent to which a @entity0 's sentence comprehension ability aids in comprehending passages (Levy et al., 2012). AIMS: The goal of this study was to examine the effect of a sentence comprehension treatment on the TSEDC to assess if training @entity0 to understand sentences of different @entity1 would improve their ability to understand passages that vary by their level of @entity1 . METHODS _ PROCEDURES: Forty @entity0 with @entity1 received sentence comprehension treatment using one of two syntactic comprehension tasks: object manipulation (OM) or sentence to picture matching (SPM). The dependent measure was improved sentence comprehension of one sentence type in one task-related protocol, with the order of task and structure counterbalanced across @entity0 . Before and after treatment, @entity0 also completed a self-paced auditory story comprehension task which involved 9 passages that contained either semantically reversible canonical sentences (simple passages) or semantically reversible noncanonical sentences (complex passages). At the end of each passage, @entity0 were asked explicit or implicit questions about the story. Accuracy and reaction times were measured for each @entity0 for each story before and after treatment. OUTCOMES _ RESULTS: Analysis of the treatment data revealed that @entity0 improved in their ability to understand trained sentences (both in terms of effect size and percent change on trained structure), irrespective of whether the trained task was SPM or OM. There was no significant relationship between treatment improvements on the SPM/OM treatment (even when the task targeted in treatment was controlled for) and changes in performance on the TSEDC. Also, there was no significant improvement in TSEDC accuracy after treatment, even when various aspects of the narrative passages, including passage complexity (simple/complex), the nature of sentence type (semantically constrained/semantically reversible) and the nature of questions asked (explicit or implicit) were accounted for. CONCLUSIONS: Inherent differences between the sentence comprehension treatment and the TSEDC may have precluded generalization.

title: The effect of a sentence comprehension treatment on discourse comprehension in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of weekly @entity4 therapy in @entity1 with locally advanced or metastatic @entity0 in an unselected hospital-based @entity1 population. @entity1 AND METHODS: Using a specific search tool we were able to find 49 cases in our department-based database MedicoHelp containing more than 36,000 files. All cases were evaluable. The mean number of involved sites was 2.4 (range 1-4) and 38/49 @entity1 had @entity2 . 44 @entity1 received prior antitumor therapies, 33 @entity1 had received prior @entity9 - and/or @entity8 -containing chemotherapy. Weekly @entity4 was given at a mean dose of 80 mg/m(2) (day 1, 8, 15, repeated every 28 days), 38 @entity1 with @entity6 overexpression had a combination therapy with trastuzumab (Herceptin). Median treatment duration with @entity4 was 4.4 months (range 0.25-9 months). A dose reduction was necessary in 5 @entity1 . RESULTS: Therapy was tolerated well, with a 12% incidence of hematologic grade 3/4 @entity3 and 22% cumulative nonhematologic grade 3 @entity3 ( @entity5 : 5 @entity1 , mucosa/skin: 3 @entity1 , @entity7 : 3 @entity1 ). Other @entity3 were rare. The overall response rate was 63%. 22% of the @entity1 achieved disease stabilization. Symptom improvement was seen in 73% of @entity1 . The mean time to progression was 6.0 months (range 0.25-23 months). CONCLUSIONS: Weekly @entity4 (mostly in combination with trastuzumab) is a well-tolerated regimen and had a surprisingly high efficacy in this observation study in heavily pre-treated @entity1 . Symptom improvement was seen in the majority of @entity1 who responded to the treatment.

title: Weekly @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with or without trastuzumab (Herceptin) in XXXX : a community-based observation study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of weekly @entity4 therapy in @entity1 with locally advanced or metastatic @entity0 in an unselected hospital-based @entity1 population. @entity1 AND METHODS: Using a specific search tool we were able to find 49 cases in our department-based database MedicoHelp containing more than 36,000 files. All cases were evaluable. The mean number of involved sites was 2.4 (range 1-4) and 38/49 @entity1 had @entity2 . 44 @entity1 received prior antitumor therapies, 33 @entity1 had received prior @entity9 - and/or @entity8 -containing chemotherapy. Weekly @entity4 was given at a mean dose of 80 mg/m(2) (day 1, 8, 15, repeated every 28 days), 38 @entity1 with @entity6 overexpression had a combination therapy with trastuzumab (Herceptin). Median treatment duration with @entity4 was 4.4 months (range 0.25-9 months). A dose reduction was necessary in 5 @entity1 . RESULTS: Therapy was tolerated well, with a 12% incidence of hematologic grade 3/4 @entity3 and 22% cumulative nonhematologic grade 3 @entity3 ( @entity5 : 5 @entity1 , mucosa/skin: 3 @entity1 , @entity7 : 3 @entity1 ). Other @entity3 were rare. The overall response rate was 63%. 22% of the @entity1 achieved disease stabilization. Symptom improvement was seen in 73% of @entity1 . The mean time to progression was 6.0 months (range 0.25-23 months). CONCLUSIONS: Weekly @entity4 (mostly in combination with trastuzumab) is a well-tolerated regimen and had a surprisingly high efficacy in this observation study in heavily pre-treated @entity1 . Symptom improvement was seen in the majority of @entity1 who responded to the treatment.

title: Weekly XXXX ( @entity4 ) with or without trastuzumab (Herceptin) in @entity0 : a community-based observation study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of weekly @entity4 therapy in @entity1 with locally advanced or metastatic @entity0 in an unselected hospital-based @entity1 population. @entity1 AND METHODS: Using a specific search tool we were able to find 49 cases in our department-based database MedicoHelp containing more than 36,000 files. All cases were evaluable. The mean number of involved sites was 2.4 (range 1-4) and 38/49 @entity1 had @entity2 . 44 @entity1 received prior antitumor therapies, 33 @entity1 had received prior @entity9 - and/or @entity8 -containing chemotherapy. Weekly @entity4 was given at a mean dose of 80 mg/m(2) (day 1, 8, 15, repeated every 28 days), 38 @entity1 with @entity6 overexpression had a combination therapy with trastuzumab (Herceptin). Median treatment duration with @entity4 was 4.4 months (range 0.25-9 months). A dose reduction was necessary in 5 @entity1 . RESULTS: Therapy was tolerated well, with a 12% incidence of hematologic grade 3/4 @entity3 and 22% cumulative nonhematologic grade 3 @entity3 ( @entity5 : 5 @entity1 , mucosa/skin: 3 @entity1 , @entity7 : 3 @entity1 ). Other @entity3 were rare. The overall response rate was 63%. 22% of the @entity1 achieved disease stabilization. Symptom improvement was seen in 73% of @entity1 . The mean time to progression was 6.0 months (range 0.25-23 months). CONCLUSIONS: Weekly @entity4 (mostly in combination with trastuzumab) is a well-tolerated regimen and had a surprisingly high efficacy in this observation study in heavily pre-treated @entity1 . Symptom improvement was seen in the majority of @entity1 who responded to the treatment.

title: Weekly @entity4 ( XXXX ) with or without trastuzumab (Herceptin) in @entity0 : a community-based observation study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Low-fat meat (LM) has been considered adequate under a @entity0 point of view. Meat enriched in walnut paste (WM) consumption produces beneficial antithrombogenic effects but with striking inter-individual variability that may be related to gene polymorphism. Variants in the @entity5 gene ( @entity5 ) polymorphism are known to affect the cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to compare the effects of consumption of WM and LM on @entity1 , production of @entity2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin I2 (PGI2), and the TXA2/PGI2 ratio in 22 volunteers with different @entity5 polymorphism. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Six volunteers carried the @entity4 allele ( @entity5 -2) while 16 were homozygous for the His allele ( @entity5 -1). Platelet aggregation, @entity3 (measured as TXB2), PGI2 (measured as @entity6 ), and the thrombogenic ratio (TXB2/ @entity6 ) were determined at baseline and at weeks 3 and 5 for the WM and LM dietary periods. RESULTS: Platelet aggregation decreased significantly (P<0.05) more in @entity5 -1 than in @entity5 -2 volunteers at 3-wk WM period, while TXB2 levels dropped more in @entity5 -2 than in @entity5 -1 volunteers at 5-wk WM period. TXB2 levels and the TXB2/ @entity6 ratio decreased significantly more (P<0.05) after 5 wk treatment in @entity5 -2 than in @entity5 -1 carriers on the WM diet than on the LM counterpart. However, @entity6 levels increased more (P<0.05) in @entity5 -1 than in @entity5 -2 volunteers after the 5-wk WM period than after the 5-wk LM diet. CONCLUSIONS: Present results suggest that consumption of WM with respect to LM decrease the thrombogenic risk more in Gln carriers than in His/His.

title: The effect of consuming meat enriched in walnut paste on XXXX and thrombogenesis varies in volunteers with different apolipoprotein A4 genotype.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Most of our knowledge on the epidemiology of @entity2 in the USA relies on studies updated during the 1980s. The aim of this study was to describe USA population-based case-series incidence in the period 1992-1999. Data were retrieved from a Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program public-use file. Incidence rates, male-to-female standardized ratios, estimated annual percentage changes and 5-year relative survival rates were computed, and 6830 malignant @entity4 incident during 1992-1999 were analysed. The overall age-adjusted incidence rates were 1.9 per 100 000 for @entity0 and @entity0 . There was an excess in @entity0 for @entity3 , while rates were higher among @entity0 for carcinoids of the small intestine and rectum. From 1992 to 1999, incidence rates showed a 3% estimated annual increase. Thirteen per cent of the cases had @entity1 at diagnosis. In the present series, 24% of @entity4 @entity0 had more than one @entity2 . The overall 5-year relative survival rate was 82%. In conclusion, improvements in diagnostic techniques seem to have influenced the epidemiology of @entity2 , leading to a slightly different site distribution and a better stage distribution at diagnosis. Increasing incidence and improving survival rates were shown.

title: XXXX in the USA, SEER 1992-1999. An epidemiological study with 6830 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: An association between @entity4 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is well-established. We present our recent experience with this entity in order to further elucidate its clinicopathological features and update our series from 1991. METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken of all surgical @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity2 seen at our institution between 1993 and 2009. Follow-up was assessed until time of @entity3 or by interview with survivors. Survival was calculated based on @entity6 ( @entity1 extent, lymph node status, metastases staging) staging and comparing between our current and previous series. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity0 (ten females and 19 males) were identified and followed for a median of 2 years. The median age at onset of @entity2 symptoms was 25, and the median age at @entity1 diagnosis was 55.4, for a mean interval of 25.3 years. Twenty-two @entity1 were ileal and five were jejunal. There were no @entity1 in excluded intestinal loops. Significant differences in 2-year survival were determined for: node-negative (79.3%, 95%CI 58.3-100%) versus node-positive @entity1 (49% %, 95%CI 20.0-78.0%), and for localized (92.3%, 95%CI 77.8-100%) versus metastatic disease (33.3%, 95%CI 6.6-60%). Overall 36-month survival was 69.3% (95%CI 51.5-87.1%) compared to 40% among those without excluded loops in our series from 1991. Sixteen @entity0 had long periods of quiescent disease before diagnosis (7-45 years), and 16 required surgery for bowel obstruction that was refractory to medical management. Adequate information was not retrievable for three @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: A comparison to our previous series reveals similar clinical characteristics and a high rate of node-positive @entity1 at diagnosis. Our findings also confirm two important clinical indicators of @entity1 : recrudescent symptoms after long periods of relative quiescence and @entity5 that is refractory to medical therapy.

title: @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: An association between @entity4 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is well-established. We present our recent experience with this entity in order to further elucidate its clinicopathological features and update our series from 1991. METHODS: A retrospective review was undertaken of all surgical @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity2 seen at our institution between 1993 and 2009. Follow-up was assessed until time of @entity3 or by interview with survivors. Survival was calculated based on @entity6 ( @entity1 extent, lymph node status, metastases staging) staging and comparing between our current and previous series. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity0 (ten females and 19 males) were identified and followed for a median of 2 years. The median age at onset of @entity2 symptoms was 25, and the median age at @entity1 diagnosis was 55.4, for a mean interval of 25.3 years. Twenty-two @entity1 were ileal and five were jejunal. There were no @entity1 in excluded intestinal loops. Significant differences in 2-year survival were determined for: node-negative (79.3%, 95%CI 58.3-100%) versus node-positive @entity1 (49% %, 95%CI 20.0-78.0%), and for localized (92.3%, 95%CI 77.8-100%) versus metastatic disease (33.3%, 95%CI 6.6-60%). Overall 36-month survival was 69.3% (95%CI 51.5-87.1%) compared to 40% among those without excluded loops in our series from 1991. Sixteen @entity0 had long periods of quiescent disease before diagnosis (7-45 years), and 16 required surgery for bowel obstruction that was refractory to medical management. Adequate information was not retrievable for three @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: A comparison to our previous series reveals similar clinical characteristics and a high rate of node-positive @entity1 at diagnosis. Our findings also confirm two important clinical indicators of @entity1 : recrudescent symptoms after long periods of relative quiescence and @entity5 that is refractory to medical therapy.

title: XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lipoproteins have been implicated to play a role in innate immunity. Changes in lipoprotein levels have been reported in a variety of @entity1 . Not much is known about lipoprotein metabolism in @entity0 with @entity3 . We conducted an ancillary study in a multiple-center phase III @entity3 trial to investigate the dynamics of plasma lipoproteins in @entity0 with @entity3 . DESIGN: Prospective analysis in @entity0 meeting criteria for @entity3 as part of a multiple-center @entity3 study (KyberSept) with antithrombin III (Kybernin P). SETTING: University hospital intensive care unit. @entity0 : Seventeen @entity0 were included in the study. INTERVENTIONS: Randomized @entity0 received a loading dose of 6000 IU of antithrombin III (Kybernin P) or placebo followed by a 96-hr continuous infusion of 250 IU/hr antithrombin III (Kybernin P) or placebo. In each @entity0 , serial blood samples for total @entity2 , lipoprotein @entity2 , @entity5 , apolipoprotein A-1, @entity4 , and @entity6 determination as well as clinical data were collected over 28 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Plasma @entity2 levels rapidly decreased from 2.67 +/- 2.02 mmol/L on day 0 to a nadir of 1.41 +/- 0.70 mmol/L on day 3, followed by a slow increase to 4.18 +/- 1.94 mmol/L on day 28. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity2 concentrations decreased rapidly from 0.84 +/- 0.92 mmol/L to a nadir of 0.42 +/- 0.35 mmol/L on day 3, to show a slow increase during the following 4 wks to 0.84 +/- 0.42 mmol/L. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity2 concentrations were already low (0.94 +/- 0.81 mmol/L) at study entry, to show a progressive increase to subnormal values (2.01 +/- 0.94 mmol/L) at 4 wks. Nadir and recovery lipoprotein concentrations were significantly different (paired Student's t-test, p <.05). A significant correlation was found between HDL @entity2 and apolipoprotein A-1 (r =.714, p <.05) and between LDL @entity2 and @entity4 (r =.733, p <.05). There was no statistical difference in lipoprotein concentrations either between survivors and nonsurvivors or between patients receiving antithrombin III or placebo. Serum amyloid A was a major apoprotein (45%) in HDL at the start of the @entity3 and was slowly replaced by apolipoprotein A-1 during recovery. A positive correlation was found between plasma @entity6 concentrations and serum amyloid A concentrations in HDL (r =.684, p <.05). No other relevant correlations were found between inflammatory and lipoprotein parameters. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 , lipoprotein concentrations rapidly change and can be reduced to 50% of recovery concentrations. The pattern of early rapid decline is found primarily in the HDL and a slow recovery in both HDL and LDL fractions. The correlation between apolipoprotein and lipoprotein @entity2 concentrations suggests a decline in lipoprotein particles. During @entity3 , HDL is shifted to acute phase HDL, which is enriched in serum amyloid A and depleted of @entity2 and apolipoprotein A-1. Lipoprotein concentrations are unable to discriminate between survivors and nonsurvivors.

title: Lipoprotein metabolism in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lipoproteins have been implicated to play a role in innate immunity. Changes in lipoprotein levels have been reported in a variety of @entity1 . Not much is known about lipoprotein metabolism in @entity0 with @entity3 . We conducted an ancillary study in a multiple-center phase III @entity3 trial to investigate the dynamics of plasma lipoproteins in @entity0 with @entity3 . DESIGN: Prospective analysis in @entity0 meeting criteria for @entity3 as part of a multiple-center @entity3 study (KyberSept) with antithrombin III (Kybernin P). SETTING: University hospital intensive care unit. @entity0 : Seventeen @entity0 were included in the study. INTERVENTIONS: Randomized @entity0 received a loading dose of 6000 IU of antithrombin III (Kybernin P) or placebo followed by a 96-hr continuous infusion of 250 IU/hr antithrombin III (Kybernin P) or placebo. In each @entity0 , serial blood samples for total @entity2 , lipoprotein @entity2 , @entity5 , apolipoprotein A-1, @entity4 , and @entity6 determination as well as clinical data were collected over 28 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Plasma @entity2 levels rapidly decreased from 2.67 +/- 2.02 mmol/L on day 0 to a nadir of 1.41 +/- 0.70 mmol/L on day 3, followed by a slow increase to 4.18 +/- 1.94 mmol/L on day 28. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity2 concentrations decreased rapidly from 0.84 +/- 0.92 mmol/L to a nadir of 0.42 +/- 0.35 mmol/L on day 3, to show a slow increase during the following 4 wks to 0.84 +/- 0.42 mmol/L. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity2 concentrations were already low (0.94 +/- 0.81 mmol/L) at study entry, to show a progressive increase to subnormal values (2.01 +/- 0.94 mmol/L) at 4 wks. Nadir and recovery lipoprotein concentrations were significantly different (paired Student's t-test, p <.05). A significant correlation was found between HDL @entity2 and apolipoprotein A-1 (r =.714, p <.05) and between LDL @entity2 and @entity4 (r =.733, p <.05). There was no statistical difference in lipoprotein concentrations either between survivors and nonsurvivors or between patients receiving antithrombin III or placebo. Serum amyloid A was a major apoprotein (45%) in HDL at the start of the @entity3 and was slowly replaced by apolipoprotein A-1 during recovery. A positive correlation was found between plasma @entity6 concentrations and serum amyloid A concentrations in HDL (r =.684, p <.05). No other relevant correlations were found between inflammatory and lipoprotein parameters. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 , lipoprotein concentrations rapidly change and can be reduced to 50% of recovery concentrations. The pattern of early rapid decline is found primarily in the HDL and a slow recovery in both HDL and LDL fractions. The correlation between apolipoprotein and lipoprotein @entity2 concentrations suggests a decline in lipoprotein particles. During @entity3 , HDL is shifted to acute phase HDL, which is enriched in serum amyloid A and depleted of @entity2 and apolipoprotein A-1. Lipoprotein concentrations are unable to discriminate between survivors and nonsurvivors.

title: Lipoprotein metabolism in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0