abstract: @entity8 ( @entity9 ) as defined by Meyer-Schwickerath in 1957 is a rare entity (84 cases) which belongs to @entity6 . It consists of: the characteristic features (long face, pinched nose); syndactyly; ocular, dental and @entity1 . This entity is usually transmitted on the autosomal dominant mode. We report two cases (a mother and daughter) with polymalformations which we classed as @entity9 . Furthermore, agenesis of lacrimal duct and @entity3 were noted. The mother had a very particular complex hair shaft @entity4 (incomplete pili torti, " @entity7 tail" aspect, @entity2 ) with @entity5 since she was fifteen years old. The daughter's hair was normal at birth. In @entity9 , fine and sparse hair is often observed (44 p. 100). Only one @entity0 had hair shaft investigation under polarized light: pili annulati and monilethrix were described but not found in our cases. These two reports incite to the systematic hair shaft study in @entity9 as other @entity6 .

title: [Hair XXXX in @entity8 . Apropos of a mother-daughter case].

answer: @entity4


abstract: We recently reported that the greatest distinguishing feature between eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CON) muscle loading lays in architectural adaptations: ECC favors increases in fascicle length (Lf), associated with distal @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity2 , and CON increases in pennation angle (PA). Here, we explored the interactions between structural and morphological @entity4 , assessed by ultrasound and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and long-term muscle protein synthesis (MPS), evaluated by @entity5 ( @entity3 ) tracing technique. Ten young males (23      4  years) performed unilateral resistance exercise training (RET) three times/week for 4  weeks; thus, one-leg trained concentrically while the contralateral performed ECC exercise only at 80% of either CON or ECC one repetition maximum (1RM). Subjects consumed an initial bolus of @entity3 (150  mL), while a 25-mL dose was thereafter provided every 8 days. Muscle biopsies from @entity0 (MTJ) were collected at 0 and 4-weeks. MPS was then quantified via GC-pyrolysis-IRMS over the 4-week training period. Expectedly, ECC and CON RET resulted in similar increases in @entity0 @entity0 ( @entity0 ) (7.5% vs. 8.4%, respectively) and thigh lean mass (DXA) (2.3% vs. 3%, respectively), albeit through distinct @entity4 : Lf increasing more after ECC (5%) versus CON (2%) and PA increasing after CON (7% vs. 3%). MPS did not differ between contractile modes or biopsy sites (MID-ECC: 1.42 vs. MID-CON: 1.4%  day(-1); MTJ-ECC: 1.38 vs. MTJ-CON: 1.39%  day(-1)). Muscle thickness at MID site increased similarly following ECC and CON RET, reflecting a tendency for a contractile mode-independent correlation between MPS and @entity0 (P  =  0.07; R(2)  =  0.18). We conclude that, unlike @entity0 , distinct structural @entity4 responses to ECC or CON are not reflected in MPS; the molecular mechanisms of distinct @entity1 , and/or the role of protein breakdown in mediating these responses remain to be defined.

title: Early structural XXXX and @entity5 -derived protein metabolic responses to eccentric and concentric loading in human skeletal muscle.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We recently reported that the greatest distinguishing feature between eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CON) muscle loading lays in architectural adaptations: ECC favors increases in fascicle length (Lf), associated with distal @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity2 , and CON increases in pennation angle (PA). Here, we explored the interactions between structural and morphological @entity4 , assessed by ultrasound and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and long-term muscle protein synthesis (MPS), evaluated by @entity5 ( @entity3 ) tracing technique. Ten young males (23      4  years) performed unilateral resistance exercise training (RET) three times/week for 4  weeks; thus, one-leg trained concentrically while the contralateral performed ECC exercise only at 80% of either CON or ECC one repetition maximum (1RM). Subjects consumed an initial bolus of @entity3 (150  mL), while a 25-mL dose was thereafter provided every 8 days. Muscle biopsies from @entity0 (MTJ) were collected at 0 and 4-weeks. MPS was then quantified via GC-pyrolysis-IRMS over the 4-week training period. Expectedly, ECC and CON RET resulted in similar increases in @entity0 @entity0 ( @entity0 ) (7.5% vs. 8.4%, respectively) and thigh lean mass (DXA) (2.3% vs. 3%, respectively), albeit through distinct @entity4 : Lf increasing more after ECC (5%) versus CON (2%) and PA increasing after CON (7% vs. 3%). MPS did not differ between contractile modes or biopsy sites (MID-ECC: 1.42 vs. MID-CON: 1.4%  day(-1); MTJ-ECC: 1.38 vs. MTJ-CON: 1.39%  day(-1)). Muscle thickness at MID site increased similarly following ECC and CON RET, reflecting a tendency for a contractile mode-independent correlation between MPS and @entity0 (P  =  0.07; R(2)  =  0.18). We conclude that, unlike @entity0 , distinct structural @entity4 responses to ECC or CON are not reflected in MPS; the molecular mechanisms of distinct @entity1 , and/or the role of protein breakdown in mediating these responses remain to be defined.

title: Early structural @entity4 and XXXX -derived protein metabolic responses to eccentric and concentric loading in human skeletal muscle.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The method of anion exchange chromatography followed by pulsed amperometric detection (AE-PAD; Johnson, D. C., and Polta, T. Z. (1986) Chromatogr. Forum 1, 37-44) has been applied to the compositional analysis of glycoconjugates. Using 22 mM @entity9 as a column effluent, underivatized @entity5 , @entity12 , @entity7 , @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity4 were readily separated in 15 min at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The limit of quantification of the @entity10 was better than 100 pmol (signal to noise ratio 184:1). AE-PAD was employed to quantify the @entity10 of several glycoproteins, glycopeptides, and oligosaccharides after hydrolysis with 2 M @entity8 . Both neutral and @entity13 could be rapidly estimated in a single chromatographic step using AE-PAD. Complete release of @entity6 required more vigorous hydrolysis conditions (Lee, Y. C. (1972) in Methods in Enzymology (Ginsburg, V., Ed.), Vol. 28, pp. 63-73, Academic Press, New York). In both glycopeptides and oligosaccharides, approximately one less residue of @entity0 than predicted was determined. Both AE-PAD and liquid chromatographic analysis of @entity14 - @entity11 complexes with fluorometric detection (Mikami, H., and Ishida, Y. (1983) Bunseki Kagaku 32, E207-E210) gave similar quantification of @entity4 and other @entity2 . The capability of rapid, sensitive quantification of underivitized @entity10 should facilitate structural analysis of glycoconjugates.

title: XXXX analysis of glycoconjugates by anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection.

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aims of this analysis were to determine prospectively the effects of surgical resection and radiation therapy on the length and quality of survival as well as late @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 . BACKGROUND: Retrospective analyses have suggested that adjuvant radiation therapy improves survival in @entity0 with @entity4 . However, in these reports, @entity0 receiving radiotherapy tended to have smaller, often resectable @entity2 , and were relatively fit. In comparison, @entity0 who have not received radiotherapy often had unresectable @entity2 , @entity1 , or poor performance status. METHODS: From 1988 through 1993, surgically staged @entity0 with @entity4 and 1) no evidence of @entity1 , 2) Karnofsky score > 60, 3) no prior @entity2 or radiotherapy, and 4) a patent main portal vein were analyzed. Fifty @entity0 were stratified by resection (n = 31) versus operative palliation (n = 19) and by radiation (n = 23) versus no radiotherapy (n = 27). RESULTS: @entity0 undergoing resection had smaller @entity2 (1.9 +/- 2.8 vs. 2.4 +/- 2.1 cm, p < 0.01) that were less likely to invade the hepatic artery (3% vs. 42%, p < 0.05) or portal vein (6% vs. 53%, p < 0.05). Multiple parameters that might have affected outcome were similar between @entity0 who did and did not receive radiation therapy. Resection improved the length (24.2 +/- 2.5 vs. 11.3 +/- 1.0 months, p < 0.05) and quality of survival. Radiation had no effect on the length (18.4 +/- 2.9 vs. 20.1 +/- 2.4 months) or quality of survival or on late @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: This analysis suggests that in @entity0 with localized @entity4 , resection prolongs survival whereas radiation has no effect on either survival or late @entity3 . Thus, new agents or strategies to deliver adjuvant therapy are needed to improve survival in these @entity0 .

title: XXXX . Postoperative radiotherapy does not improve survival.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We review the incidence of @entity2 following cardioversion of @entity3 , as well as the literature that forms the basis for the current strategy of anticoagulation before, and following, cardioversion to reduce the risk of post-cardioversion @entity2 . We evaluate a new strategy that uses transesophageal echocardiography to identify @entity0 in @entity3 without @entity3 who may be safely cardioverted without preceding anticoagulation and we also address the embolic event and anticoagulation issues in @entity0 with @entity4 . Cardioversion of @entity3 to sinus rhythm is associated with a small but significant risk of @entity5 events (average incidence, 1.5%; range, 0% to 7%). Anticoagulating these @entity0 before cardioversion appears to significantly reduce this risk, and because of the delay in return of atrial contraction, anticoagulation should be continued for several weeks following cardioversion. The current guidelines for anticoagulating @entity0 in @entity3 who are to be cardioverted is based primarily on clinical observations, numerous uncontrolled case series, two retrospective trials, and one prospective nonrandomized controlled trial. Anticoagulation for 3 weeks before cardioversion followed by 4 weeks of anticoagulation after cardioversion is a theoretically sound and effective approach to reduce the risk of @entity5 events. The use of transesophageal echocardiography to rule out @entity1 and thus identify low-risk @entity0 who may undergo cardioversion without preceding anticoagulation has been supported by several small studies that successfully used this strategy. However, the demonstration of a postcardioversion atrial and @entity3 "stunning" suggests that anticoagulation needs to be given at the time of, and following, cardioversion. While promising, this transesophageal echocardiography--guided strategy for cardioversion of @entity0 in @entity3 requires more rigorous study before its routine use can be recommended. The current management of pure @entity4 requires no anticoagulation before cardioversion; however, several clinical observation suggest theoretical risks for @entity2 in these @entity0 , thus further investigation of this strategy may be warranted.

title: Prevention of XXXX after cardioversion of @entity3 . Current and evolving strategies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We review the incidence of @entity2 following cardioversion of @entity3 , as well as the literature that forms the basis for the current strategy of anticoagulation before, and following, cardioversion to reduce the risk of post-cardioversion @entity2 . We evaluate a new strategy that uses transesophageal echocardiography to identify @entity0 in @entity3 without @entity3 who may be safely cardioverted without preceding anticoagulation and we also address the embolic event and anticoagulation issues in @entity0 with @entity4 . Cardioversion of @entity3 to sinus rhythm is associated with a small but significant risk of @entity5 events (average incidence, 1.5%; range, 0% to 7%). Anticoagulating these @entity0 before cardioversion appears to significantly reduce this risk, and because of the delay in return of atrial contraction, anticoagulation should be continued for several weeks following cardioversion. The current guidelines for anticoagulating @entity0 in @entity3 who are to be cardioverted is based primarily on clinical observations, numerous uncontrolled case series, two retrospective trials, and one prospective nonrandomized controlled trial. Anticoagulation for 3 weeks before cardioversion followed by 4 weeks of anticoagulation after cardioversion is a theoretically sound and effective approach to reduce the risk of @entity5 events. The use of transesophageal echocardiography to rule out @entity1 and thus identify low-risk @entity0 who may undergo cardioversion without preceding anticoagulation has been supported by several small studies that successfully used this strategy. However, the demonstration of a postcardioversion atrial and @entity3 "stunning" suggests that anticoagulation needs to be given at the time of, and following, cardioversion. While promising, this transesophageal echocardiography--guided strategy for cardioversion of @entity0 in @entity3 requires more rigorous study before its routine use can be recommended. The current management of pure @entity4 requires no anticoagulation before cardioversion; however, several clinical observation suggest theoretical risks for @entity2 in these @entity0 , thus further investigation of this strategy may be warranted.

title: Prevention of @entity2 after cardioversion of XXXX . Current and evolving strategies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 of the head and neck are prognostically engimatic. In addition to known prognostic determinants of stage and lesion microstage, lesion location also appears to have prognostic importance. The authors have reviewed a series of 83 microstaged @entity1 @entity0 in order to analyze the relative importance of these factors. There were 36 males and 47 females with a median age of 56 years. Eighty-one percent had pathologic Stage I disease, 7% were Stage II, and 12% were Stage III. The primary location was face in 32 @entity0 , neck in 18, ear in 12, and scalp in 21 @entity0 . The actuarial 5-year survival according to lesion thickness was 86% for @entity2 less than 1.0 mm, 56% for 1 to 2 mm thick lesions, 47% for 2.1 to 4 mm thick lesions, and 25% for @entity2 greater than 4.0 mm. The 5-year survival according to lesion location was 78% for facial and 58% for neck @entity2 ; for ear and scalp, the respective survivals were 33% and 37%. Median thickness was 2.0 mm for facial and 1.85 mm for neck lesions. It was 2.7 mm for ear and 2.0 mm for scalp lesions (differences not significant). There were no microstage factors that correlated with the adverse prognosis seen with scalp and ear @entity2 . Multivariate analysis in the entire series (all clinical stages) showed the following to be significant: stage, thickness, and location of the primary @entity2 (all less than 0.0002). In clinical @entity2 , the significant prognostic factors were location (P = 0.035), thickness (P = 0.008), level (P = 0.024), and @entity3 (P = 0.035). The prognosis of @entity1 is uniquely influenced by location of the primary lesions in addition to stage, thickness, level, and @entity3 , as observed with other cutaneous @entity2 at other sites. Ear and scalp @entity2 are high-risk lesions whose poor prognosis is not readily explained by any of the microstage factors reviewed.

title: Prognostic factors in XXXX . Effect of lesion location.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Contrast-enhanced ultrafast computed tomography (CT) of the left ventricle was done in the @entity5 and @entity3 within one day of cardiac catheterization in 14 males with @entity2 and a mean age of 58 years. Imaging was R wave-triggered at 58-msec intervals (13/level). Left ventriculography was performed in 30 degrees right anterior oblique (RAO) and 60 degrees left anterior oblique (LAO) caudal 12 degrees. CT left ventricular ejection fraction was measured using a modified Simpson's reconstruction of end-systolic and end-diastolic slices. Catheterization left ventricular ejection fraction was measured by area-length method. Six left ventricular segments (septal, apex, anterior, lateral, inferior, and posterior) were scored by different paired observers as follows: dyskinesis (-1), akinesis (0), moderate-severe hypokinesis (1), mild hypokinesis (2), and normal (3). Correlations of left ventricular ejection fraction for catheterization vs. long-axis CT and short-axis CT were r = .83 and r = .86, respectively. Seven of eight @entity0 with transmural @entity1 were identified on CT by @entity6 / @entity4 segments. Eighty-four segments were scored. There was agreement (normal vs. abnormal) in 76 (90%). CT detected 47 normal segments vs. 51 by catheterization (92%), 11 @entity6 / @entity4 segments (92%), and 14 @entity7 segments vs. 21 (67%). Wall motion scores between CT and catheterization differed by greater than 1 in 6 of 84 segments (7%). Therefore, ultrafast CT can accurately assess global and regional left ventricular function.

title: Assessment of global and regional left ventricular function in XXXX using ultrafast computed tomography.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity0 with heartburn that persists despite @entity3 inhibitor (PPI) therapy, @entity2 is found rarely, and its pathogenesis has been scarcely studied. AIM: To assess reflux parameters by impedance-pH monitoring in PPI-resistant @entity2 . METHODS: Impedance-pH monitoring was performed on PPI therapy in @entity0 with symptomatic @entity2 detected despite standard or high-dose PPI therapy of at least 8-week duration. RESULTS: Twenty @entity0 , ten on once daily and ten on twice daily PPI regimens, were studied. The gastric acid exposure time (per cent time @entity4 ) ranged from 10% to 81% and was >30% in 70% of cases, but the oesophageal acid exposure time (per cent time @entity4 ) was abnormal in 20% of @entity0 only. The number of acid, weakly acidic and weakly alkaline refluxes was abnormal in 25%, 100% and 15% of @entity0 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Weakly acidic refluxes were above the normal range in all cases, whereas acid reflux parameters and weakly alkaline refluxes were normal in the vast majority of cases. Gastric acid secretion, with consequent intra-gastric pepsins activation, persists despite ongoing PPI therapy and activated pepsins may well be present in weakly acidic refluxes. As activated pepsins maintain their proteolytic activity in a weakly acidic environment, they may be responsible for @entity1 . We conclude that weakly acidic refluxes have a major role in the pathogenesis of PPI-resistant @entity2 . Therapeutic interventions in @entity0 with PPI-resistant @entity2 should be tailored on the basis of impedance-pH-monitoring results.

title: Weakly acidic refluxes have a major role in the pathogenesis of @entity3 inhibitor-resistant XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity0 with heartburn that persists despite @entity3 inhibitor (PPI) therapy, @entity2 is found rarely, and its pathogenesis has been scarcely studied. AIM: To assess reflux parameters by impedance-pH monitoring in PPI-resistant @entity2 . METHODS: Impedance-pH monitoring was performed on PPI therapy in @entity0 with symptomatic @entity2 detected despite standard or high-dose PPI therapy of at least 8-week duration. RESULTS: Twenty @entity0 , ten on once daily and ten on twice daily PPI regimens, were studied. The gastric acid exposure time (per cent time @entity4 ) ranged from 10% to 81% and was >30% in 70% of cases, but the oesophageal acid exposure time (per cent time @entity4 ) was abnormal in 20% of @entity0 only. The number of acid, weakly acidic and weakly alkaline refluxes was abnormal in 25%, 100% and 15% of @entity0 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Weakly acidic refluxes were above the normal range in all cases, whereas acid reflux parameters and weakly alkaline refluxes were normal in the vast majority of cases. Gastric acid secretion, with consequent intra-gastric pepsins activation, persists despite ongoing PPI therapy and activated pepsins may well be present in weakly acidic refluxes. As activated pepsins maintain their proteolytic activity in a weakly acidic environment, they may be responsible for @entity1 . We conclude that weakly acidic refluxes have a major role in the pathogenesis of PPI-resistant @entity2 . Therapeutic interventions in @entity0 with PPI-resistant @entity2 should be tailored on the basis of impedance-pH-monitoring results.

title: Weakly acidic refluxes have a major role in the pathogenesis of XXXX inhibitor-resistant @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated an increment of polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase plasma levels during hemodialysis, suggesting release of this proteinase during dialysis treatment. In order to gain further evidence that proteinases are liberated from PMN leukocytes during dialysis both plasma levels of @entity4 and the content of elastase and @entity2 in neutrophils were determined during 3 hours of hemodialysis with cellulosic membranes ( @entity3 ) in 10 @entity0 . In blood smears, obtained at different times during dialysis, neutrophils were classified into 3 groups according to their proteinase content. Thus, group I neutrophils contained low, group II moderate, and group III leukocytes contained high amounts of both proteinases. With regard to their elastase content, prior to the onset of dialysis, 6% of the circulating PMN leukocytes were classified as fraction I, 58% as fraction II, and 36% as fraction III neutrophils. After 15 minutes of dialysis, at the nadir of @entity1 , all fractions of PMN leukocytes were significantly reduced (fraction I: -9%, fraction II: -60%, and fraction III: -83%) as compared to initial values. 30 minutes into hemodialysis, there was a significant increase in fraction I (+ 78%), whereas fraction II (-28%) and fraction III (-70%) remained diminished. At 180 times of hemodialysis the increment of fraction I neutrophils was even more pronounced (+ 187%), fraction II was also increased (+ 16%), and fraction III neutrophils had almost reached initial values. The @entity2 content of PMN leukocytes displayed a rather similar pattern during dialysis. As to plasma levels of @entity4 , there was a steady and significant increase from baseline values of 107.3 +/- 11.5 ng/ml up to 388.1 +/- 51.6 ng/ml after 3 hours of hemodialysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Change of elastase and XXXX content in polymorphonuclear leukocytes during hemodialysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study was to search for new, readily available and statistically reliable cytological markers for differentiating benign and @entity4 pre-operatively. METHODS: Cohesiveness of @entity1 cells in cytology slides from a series of 58 follicular @entity1 diagnosed between 1998 and 2004 inclusive was studied, including 48 @entity5 , and eight minimally invasive and two widely invasive @entity3 . Photomicrographs of the cytology slides were taken and the digital images were analysed using computer image analysis software. We evaluated the relative proportions of cells arranged in groups of various sizes. The cohesiveness of the cells in cytological smears was then correlated with the immunohistochemical expression of @entity6 in corresponding histological slides. RESULTS: Cases from 15 @entity0 (26%) and 43 @entity0 (74%) with a mean age of 50 years (range, 19-79) were analysed. In @entity5 and @entity3 , respectively, isolated cells were seen in 16.8% and 24.7% (P = 0.028), groups of two to five cells in 9.7% and 11.5% (P = 0.145) and groups of more than five cells in @entity2 % and 63.8% (P = 0.041). The mean cell count in groups with more than five cells was 46.5 and 27.0 in @entity5 and @entity3 , respectively (P < 0.001). Cell cohesiveness, either as percentage of cells in groups of more than five (R(2) = 0.026) or as mean cell count per group of more than five (R(2) = 0.005), was not found to be dependent on the expression of @entity6 . Using a threshold of 13% @entity1 cells in cytological smears, @entity5 and @entity3 could be distinguished with 90% sensitivity and 41% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: Although we demonstrated a statistically significant difference in cell cohesion between @entity5 and @entity3 , these could not be distinguished in the clinical setting by evaluation of the percentage of isolated cells in cytological smears because the specificity was too low. The absence of correlation of cellular cohesiveness with @entity6 expression indicates that other factors are probably responsible for the loss of cohesiveness observed in follicular thyroid malignancy.

title: Cellular cohesiveness in benign and XXXX varies significantly, but the difference is not useful in diagnosis of individual cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Endothelins (ETs) were initially characterized as potent vasoactive peptides acting through at least two distinct receptors, @entity4 and @entity2 . Subsequently, their significant growth- and @entity1 -promoting properties in cardiac and other cells were recognized. We investigated the expression of endothelin receptors during differentiation of a pluripotential @entity0 cell line ( @entity6 ) to a cardiomyocyte or a neural lineage. These cells resemble those of the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, and their differentiation is believed to closely mimic critical events in early embryogenesis. Differentiation of @entity6 to a cardiomyocyte lineage, by aggregation and exposure to @entity5 resulted in induction of @entity4 receptors as demonstrated by radioligand binding studies, Northern blotting, and reporter gene analysis. Moreover, the @entity6 differentiated to a cardiac lineage responded to ET-1 with a 3-fold increase in the secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide. In contrast, differentiation to a neural lineage, by aggregation and exposure to @entity3 , was associated with the induction of predominantly @entity2 . Therefore, selective differentiation of the @entity6 led to the differential expression of endothelin receptors in a pattern consistent with that observed in normal myocardial and neural tissue. The induction of endothelin receptors in a model system of early embryogenesis provides strong support for the critical role of this peptide/receptor family in differentiation and development. As well, this model system is well suited for the study of the mechanisms controlling endothelin receptor expression during differentiation.

title: Differentiation of XXXX cells to a neural or cardiomyocyte lineage is associated with selective expression of endothelin receptors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of caregivers of @entity0 with @entity1 with respect to their own physical activity. METHODS: A qualitative, descriptive approach was used to study 10 caregivers of @entity0 with @entity1 , recruited from a @entity1 exercise class in a large urban rehabilitation facility. Caregivers participated in individual, semi-structured interviews that were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using a constant comparative method. An inductive, iterative approach was applied to determine the codes and themes. RESULTS: Four main themes were identified: change in role, change in activity, barriers to activity and health, and change in meaning of activity. Barriers to activity included guilt, time, and energy. @entity0 revealed that activity became more therapeutic after @entity1 and that @entity0 preferred purposeful, functional, and partnered activities. CONCLUSIONS: These findings emphasize the importance of the husband-wife dyad and of movement toward a family-centred care approach. Education should be provided to caregivers regarding their role, barriers, and health-promoting activities. Future research should focus on determining appropriate physical-activity programmes for caregivers as well as on evaluating implementation of partnered exercise programmes for caregivers and @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Changes in activities of wives caring for their husbands following XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to establish and characterize a novel animal model of @entity5 -induced @entity4 . METHODS: Copenhagen @entity1 were injected with 10(6) MATLyLu (MLL) @entity5 cells or @entity6 -buffered saline by per cutaneous intra femoral injections into the right hind leg distal epiphysis. Over 13 days, @entity1 progressively developed a @entity0 within the distal femoral epiphysis. On days 3, 7, 10, and 13 post injection, @entity1 were subjected to the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto behavioral tests as they are believed to be indirect reflections of @entity0 induced @entity4 . Ipsilateral hind limbs were subjected to X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans and histological sections were stained with @entity7 and @entity8 (H_E). RESULTS: Intra femoral injections of MLL cells resulted in the progressive development of a @entity0 leading to @entity2 and @entity3 . @entity0 development resulted in the redistribution of weight to the contralateral hind leg and significantly reduced the paw withdrawal threshold of the ipsilateral hind paw as observed via the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto tests, respectively. X-ray and computed tomography scans along with H_E stains indicated @entity0 -associated structural damage to the distal femur. This model was challenged with administration of @entity11 . Compared with vehicle-injected controls, the @entity11 -treated @entity1 displayed smaller nociceptive responses as observed with the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto tests, suggesting that @entity11 was effective in reducing the @entity4 -related symptoms displayed by model animals and that the model behaved in a predictable way to @entity10 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This model is unique from other @entity9 models in that it is a comprehensive model utilizing a competent immune system with a @entity0 . The model establishes a tool that will be useful to investigate mechanisms of @entity0 that are induced by @entity0 cells.

title: Characterization of a @entity1 model of XXXX @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to establish and characterize a novel animal model of @entity5 -induced @entity4 . METHODS: Copenhagen @entity1 were injected with 10(6) MATLyLu (MLL) @entity5 cells or @entity6 -buffered saline by per cutaneous intra femoral injections into the right hind leg distal epiphysis. Over 13 days, @entity1 progressively developed a @entity0 within the distal femoral epiphysis. On days 3, 7, 10, and 13 post injection, @entity1 were subjected to the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto behavioral tests as they are believed to be indirect reflections of @entity0 induced @entity4 . Ipsilateral hind limbs were subjected to X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans and histological sections were stained with @entity7 and @entity8 (H_E). RESULTS: Intra femoral injections of MLL cells resulted in the progressive development of a @entity0 leading to @entity2 and @entity3 . @entity0 development resulted in the redistribution of weight to the contralateral hind leg and significantly reduced the paw withdrawal threshold of the ipsilateral hind paw as observed via the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto tests, respectively. X-ray and computed tomography scans along with H_E stains indicated @entity0 -associated structural damage to the distal femur. This model was challenged with administration of @entity11 . Compared with vehicle-injected controls, the @entity11 -treated @entity1 displayed smaller nociceptive responses as observed with the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto tests, suggesting that @entity11 was effective in reducing the @entity4 -related symptoms displayed by model animals and that the model behaved in a predictable way to @entity10 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This model is unique from other @entity9 models in that it is a comprehensive model utilizing a competent immune system with a @entity0 . The model establishes a tool that will be useful to investigate mechanisms of @entity0 that are induced by @entity0 cells.

title: Characterization of a @entity1 model of @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to establish and characterize a novel animal model of @entity5 -induced @entity4 . METHODS: Copenhagen @entity1 were injected with 10(6) MATLyLu (MLL) @entity5 cells or @entity6 -buffered saline by per cutaneous intra femoral injections into the right hind leg distal epiphysis. Over 13 days, @entity1 progressively developed a @entity0 within the distal femoral epiphysis. On days 3, 7, 10, and 13 post injection, @entity1 were subjected to the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto behavioral tests as they are believed to be indirect reflections of @entity0 induced @entity4 . Ipsilateral hind limbs were subjected to X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans and histological sections were stained with @entity7 and @entity8 (H_E). RESULTS: Intra femoral injections of MLL cells resulted in the progressive development of a @entity0 leading to @entity2 and @entity3 . @entity0 development resulted in the redistribution of weight to the contralateral hind leg and significantly reduced the paw withdrawal threshold of the ipsilateral hind paw as observed via the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto tests, respectively. X-ray and computed tomography scans along with H_E stains indicated @entity0 -associated structural damage to the distal femur. This model was challenged with administration of @entity11 . Compared with vehicle-injected controls, the @entity11 -treated @entity1 displayed smaller nociceptive responses as observed with the incapacitance and Randall-Selitto tests, suggesting that @entity11 was effective in reducing the @entity4 -related symptoms displayed by model animals and that the model behaved in a predictable way to @entity10 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This model is unique from other @entity9 models in that it is a comprehensive model utilizing a competent immune system with a @entity0 . The model establishes a tool that will be useful to investigate mechanisms of @entity0 that are induced by @entity0 cells.

title: Characterization of a XXXX model of @entity5 @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective. To determine relative influences of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and preterm birth on risks of @entity1 in adolescent @entity0 . Study Design. Retrospective cohort study. 71 periadolescent @entity0 were classified into four groups: premature small for gestational age (SGA), premature appropriate for gestational age (AGA), term SGA, and term AGA. Outcome Measures. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), augmentation index (Al), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) following protein load; plasma @entity4 and serum insulin levels. Results. SGA had higher SBP (average 4.6   mmHg) and lower GFR following protein load (average 28.5   mL/min/1.73   m(2)) than AGA. There was no effect of prematurity on SBP (P = .4) or GFR (P = .9). Both prematurity and SGA were associated with higher AI (average 9.7%) and higher serum insulin levels 2   hr after @entity4 load (average 15.5   mIU/L) than all other groups. Conclusion. @entity5 is a more significant risk factor than preterm birth for later systolic @entity2 and @entity1 . Among @entity0 born preterm, those who are also SGA are at increased risk of @entity3 .

title: The long-term effects of prematurity and XXXX on cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic function.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Background. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is increasingly replacing the traditional bilateral neck exploration in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Intraoperative @entity3 (IOPTH) measurement has recently been introduced as a useful adjunct in confirming successful excision of abnormal parathyroid gland. Aims. We evaluate the safety, efficacy, and clinical usefulness of IOPTH measurement during @entity1 in a district general hospital. Methods. Retrospective review of eleven consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent @entity1 with IOPTH, following preoperative assessment with ultrasound and sestamibi scans. Results. All @entity0 had successful removal of the abnormal parathyroid gland. The concordance rate between ultrasound and sestamibi scan in localising the @entity5 was 82%. IOPTH measurement confirmed the removal of @entity4 in all cases and, in one case, led to identification of a second @entity4 , not localised preoperatively. The median hospital stay was 2 days (range 1-7 days). All @entity0 remained normocalcaemic after a median of 6 months (range 1-10 months). Conclusions. @entity1 is a feasible, safe, and effective method for treatment of @entity2 . The use of IOPTH monitoring potentially offers increased sensitivity in detecting multiglandular disease, can minimise the need and risk associated with recurrent operations, and may facilitate cost-effective minimally invasive surgery.

title: Intraoperative @entity3 Assay during Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy May Be Helpful in the Detection of Double XXXX and May Minimise the Risk of Recurrent Surgery.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Background. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is increasingly replacing the traditional bilateral neck exploration in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Intraoperative @entity3 (IOPTH) measurement has recently been introduced as a useful adjunct in confirming successful excision of abnormal parathyroid gland. Aims. We evaluate the safety, efficacy, and clinical usefulness of IOPTH measurement during @entity1 in a district general hospital. Methods. Retrospective review of eleven consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent @entity1 with IOPTH, following preoperative assessment with ultrasound and sestamibi scans. Results. All @entity0 had successful removal of the abnormal parathyroid gland. The concordance rate between ultrasound and sestamibi scan in localising the @entity5 was 82%. IOPTH measurement confirmed the removal of @entity4 in all cases and, in one case, led to identification of a second @entity4 , not localised preoperatively. The median hospital stay was 2 days (range 1-7 days). All @entity0 remained normocalcaemic after a median of 6 months (range 1-10 months). Conclusions. @entity1 is a feasible, safe, and effective method for treatment of @entity2 . The use of IOPTH monitoring potentially offers increased sensitivity in detecting multiglandular disease, can minimise the need and risk associated with recurrent operations, and may facilitate cost-effective minimally invasive surgery.

title: Intraoperative XXXX Assay during Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy May Be Helpful in the Detection of Double @entity4 and May Minimise the Risk of Recurrent Surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Blastomycotic @entity9 (CNS) occur infrequently. The medical literature concerning @entity10 of the CNS contains little information regarding indications for surgery. METHODS: We report five cases of CNS @entity10 that required surgery: four intracranial and one intraspinal. One @entity0 had a prior diagnosis of @entity3 , whereas none of the others had been diagnosed with any other @entity2 . The @entity0 were evaluated with plain x rays as well as with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Four of these @entity0 had extradural abscesses that required surgical drainage as well as debridement of granulomatous tissue and infected bone. The remaining @entity0 had an intracerebellar abscess. Postoperatively, three @entity0 were treated with @entity5 , one with @entity5 and @entity7 , and one with an experimental protocol of @entity6 alone. All of the @entity0 recovered without sequelae of @entity4 , recurrence of disease, or reaction to pharmacotherapy, although one @entity0 had transient @entity1 due to @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Our experience with CNS @entity10 managed surgically is reported. We propose three general surgical indications for these @entity0 : mass lesions, diagnostic biopsy, and @entity8 refractory to pharmacotherapy.

title: Indications for the surgical management of central nervous system XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is an effective treatment for @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Long-term changes of several variables, including the dose of BoNT, in these @entity0 is largely unknown. We reviewed the clinical charts of 275 @entity0 with @entity1 treated with BoNT type A (BoNT-A) for at least 5 years since 1989 at ten tertiary centers. The mean dose of BoNT-A per session during the first 5 years of treatment was calculated and the appearance of resistance was noted. The dose of BoNT-A for the whole group showed a significant trend to increase over time (year 1: 180    65 U; year 5: 203    63 U; ANOVA: p < 0.0001). However, when we studied the evolution of the dose of BoNT-A for those @entity0 (n = 49) first injected after 2000 (introduction of current BOTOX preparation in our country), there was no significant increase in dose (year 1: 181.8    75 U; year 5: 181.7    75 U; ANOVA p: ns). A total of 19 @entity0 became secondary nonresponders; all but one of these @entity0 began BoNT-A treatment before 2000. In summary, there is a statistically significant increase of mean dose of BoNT-A per session over time, and this could be explained by the appearance of secondary nonresponders. On the other hand, those @entity0 initially treated after 2000 did not show any statistically significant increase in dose for 5 years. This could be explained by better experience and techniques, fewer immunogenic problems with the current BoNT-A, and also less variability of the dose per vial.

title: Evolution of dose and response to botulinum toxin A in XXXX : a multicenter study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity8 dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD), by converting @entity2 and @entity7 to hormonally inactive @entity3 and @entity9 , respectively, is an important pre-receptor signaling pathway for the renal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). This receptor has an equal affinity for the glucocorticoids, @entity2 and @entity7 , and for the mineralocorticoid, @entity5 . In states of 11 beta-HSD deficiency such as the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) and licorice ingestion, @entity2 acts as a potent mineralocorticoid. In addition to the established and cloned type I 11 beta-HSD, a second 11 beta-HSD isoform has been reported in @entity1 kidney and @entity0 placenta. We have analyzed the kinetics of 11 beta-HSD activity in @entity0 kidney and compared it with the expressed @entity0 type I 11 beta-HSD cDNA. Microsomes were prepared from mid-gestational @entity0 fetal kidneys and incubated with various concentrations of @entity2 (0.0125-10 microM) and @entity6 or @entity4 . Kinetic analysis revealed a high affinity (apparent Km 60 nM) isoform, the activity of which was exclusively NAD-dependent. No convincing @entity4 -dependent activity was seen. Similarly with @entity3 as a substrate no 11-oxoreductase activity was evident. In contrast, when type I @entity0 11 beta-HSD was ligated into the expression vector pcDNAI and transiently transfected into COS-I cells, low affinity (apparent Km 2.1 microM) @entity4 -dependent activity was seen. 11-Oxoreductase activity was also observed. The cloned type I @entity0 11 beta-HSD encodes an enzyme with both low-affinity, @entity4 -dependent, dehydrogenase and 11-oxoreductase activities, but this activity is absent in @entity0 fetal kidney (and probably adult kidney).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity2 to XXXX : glucocorticoid to mineralocorticoid.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity8 dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD), by converting @entity2 and @entity7 to hormonally inactive @entity3 and @entity9 , respectively, is an important pre-receptor signaling pathway for the renal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). This receptor has an equal affinity for the glucocorticoids, @entity2 and @entity7 , and for the mineralocorticoid, @entity5 . In states of 11 beta-HSD deficiency such as the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) and licorice ingestion, @entity2 acts as a potent mineralocorticoid. In addition to the established and cloned type I 11 beta-HSD, a second 11 beta-HSD isoform has been reported in @entity1 kidney and @entity0 placenta. We have analyzed the kinetics of 11 beta-HSD activity in @entity0 kidney and compared it with the expressed @entity0 type I 11 beta-HSD cDNA. Microsomes were prepared from mid-gestational @entity0 fetal kidneys and incubated with various concentrations of @entity2 (0.0125-10 microM) and @entity6 or @entity4 . Kinetic analysis revealed a high affinity (apparent Km 60 nM) isoform, the activity of which was exclusively NAD-dependent. No convincing @entity4 -dependent activity was seen. Similarly with @entity3 as a substrate no 11-oxoreductase activity was evident. In contrast, when type I @entity0 11 beta-HSD was ligated into the expression vector pcDNAI and transiently transfected into COS-I cells, low affinity (apparent Km 2.1 microM) @entity4 -dependent activity was seen. 11-Oxoreductase activity was also observed. The cloned type I @entity0 11 beta-HSD encodes an enzyme with both low-affinity, @entity4 -dependent, dehydrogenase and 11-oxoreductase activities, but this activity is absent in @entity0 fetal kidney (and probably adult kidney).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX to @entity3 : glucocorticoid to mineralocorticoid.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this trial was to investigate whether @entity1 @entity0 who receive Cerebrolysin show improved motor function in the upper extremities at day 90 compared with @entity0 who receive a placebo. METHODS: This study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, parallel-group study. @entity0 were treated with @entity2 (30 mL/d) or a placebo (saline) once daily for 21 days, beginning at 24 to 72 hours after @entity1 onset. The @entity0 also participated in a standardized rehabilitation program for 21 days that was initiated within 72 hours after @entity1 onset. The primary end point was the Action Research Arm Test score on day 90. RESULTS: The nonparametric effect size on the Action Research Arm Test score on day 90 indicated a large superiority of Cerebrolysin compared with the placebo (Mann-Whitney estimator, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.63-0.79; P<0.0001). The multivariate effect size on global status, as assessed using 12 different outcome scales, indicated a small-to-medium superiority of Cerebrolysin (Mann-Whitney estimator, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.65; P<0.0001). The rate of premature discontinuation was <5% (3.8%). Cerebrolysin was safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebrolysin had a beneficial effect on function and global outcome in early rehabilitation @entity0 after @entity1 . Its safety was comparable with that of the placebo, suggesting a favorable benefit/risk ratio. Because this study was exploratory and had a relatively small sample size, the results should be confirmed in a large-scale, randomized clinical trial. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu. Unique identifier: 2007-000870-21.

title: Cerebrolysin and Recovery After XXXX (CARS): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Multicenter Trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association among @entity1 indices (AHIs) determined using three common metrics for defining @entity3 , and to develop a model to calibrate between these AHIs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of Sleep Heart Health Study Data. SETTING: Community-based. @entity0 : There were 6,441 @entity0 and @entity0 age 40 y or older. MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS: Three separate AHIs have been calculated, using all @entity2 (defined as a decrease in airflow greater than 90% from baseline for >=  10 sec) @entity3 (defined as a decrease in airflow or chest wall or abdominal excursion greater than 30% from baseline, but not meeting @entity2 ) associated with either: (1) a 4% or greater fall in oxyhemoglobin saturation - AHI4; (2) a 3% or greater fall in oxyhemoglobin saturation - AHI3; or (3) a 3% or greater fall in oxyhemoglobin saturation or an event-related arousal - AHI3a. Median values were 5.4, 9.7, and 13.4 for AHI4, AHI3, and AHI3a, respectively (P < 0.0001). Penalized spline regression models were used to compare AHI values across the three metrics and to calculate prediction intervals. Comparison of regression models demonstrates divergence in AHI scores among the three methods at low AHI values and gradual convergence at higher levels of AHI. CONCLUSIONS: The three methods of scoring hypopneas yielded significantly different estimates of AHI, although the relative difference is reduced in severe disease. The regression models presented will enable clinicians and researchers to more appropriately compare AHI values obtained using differing metrics for @entity3 .

title: Calibration Model for XXXX : Impact of Alternative Criteria for @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To characterize the association among @entity1 indices (AHIs) determined using three common metrics for defining @entity3 , and to develop a model to calibrate between these AHIs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of Sleep Heart Health Study Data. SETTING: Community-based. @entity0 : There were 6,441 @entity0 and @entity0 age 40 y or older. MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS: Three separate AHIs have been calculated, using all @entity2 (defined as a decrease in airflow greater than 90% from baseline for >=  10 sec) @entity3 (defined as a decrease in airflow or chest wall or abdominal excursion greater than 30% from baseline, but not meeting @entity2 ) associated with either: (1) a 4% or greater fall in oxyhemoglobin saturation - AHI4; (2) a 3% or greater fall in oxyhemoglobin saturation - AHI3; or (3) a 3% or greater fall in oxyhemoglobin saturation or an event-related arousal - AHI3a. Median values were 5.4, 9.7, and 13.4 for AHI4, AHI3, and AHI3a, respectively (P < 0.0001). Penalized spline regression models were used to compare AHI values across the three metrics and to calculate prediction intervals. Comparison of regression models demonstrates divergence in AHI scores among the three methods at low AHI values and gradual convergence at higher levels of AHI. CONCLUSIONS: The three methods of scoring hypopneas yielded significantly different estimates of AHI, although the relative difference is reduced in severe disease. The regression models presented will enable clinicians and researchers to more appropriately compare AHI values obtained using differing metrics for @entity3 .

title: Calibration Model for @entity1 : Impact of Alternative Criteria for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A two-stage technique for implantation of an inflatable penile prosthesis has been developed for @entity0 undergoing radical @entity2 surgery. Over the past five years, this method has been utilized in 147 @entity0 undergoing radical cystectomies or prostatectomies. The technique involves implanting the reservoir and pump of the prosthesis at the time of the radical @entity2 operation when the lateral neurovascular bundles of erection are being sacrificed. The reservoir and pump are permanently connected, and the cylinder tubings from the pump are temporarily connected and placed in the subcutaneous tissue overlying the pubis. During a second procedure, usually six to twelve weeks later, the cylinders are implanted infrapubically and connected to the easily located pump tubing. The advantages are several. (1) The pump and reservoir are easily implanted during the pelvic surgery while importantly not adding significantly to the operative time or morbidity of the primary procedure. (2) The reservoir is easily positioned in the pelvis. (3) The scrotum with its contained pump already will be healed when the entire prosthesis is connected, bypassing the @entity3 and @entity1 . (4) Psychologically the @entity0 feel relieved that their @entity4 is being treated immediately. This two-stage technique appears to maximize the gain of early and easy implantation while minimizing the potential problems of concomitant surgery.

title: Two-stage technique for implantation of inflatable penile prosthesis in XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of @entity2 / @entity3 combination and @entity6 on intraocular pressure during tracheal extubation period. METHODS: The single-blind prospective randomised controlled study was conducted at Ordu University Research and Training Hospital from August to October 2014, and comprised @entity0 who were randomly assigned to 2 groups according to the agent used for reversal of @entity4 . Group N received 0.05mgkg-1 @entity2 and 0.02 mgkg-1 @entity3 and the @entity0 in Group S received 2mgkg-1 @entity6 intravenously. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure and intraocular pressure were measured at baseline, before the induction (T1), after the application of reversal agent (T2), and 1 (T3), 3 (T4), 5 (T5) and 10 (T6) minutes after the extubation. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were 36 @entity0 in the study; 18(50%) in each group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender and body mass index (p>0.05 each). Intraocular pressure was significantly higher when the baseline level was compared with all measurement intervals in Group N (p<0.05 each). In Group S, it showed no significant difference at T2 (p>0.05) whereas it was significantly higher at all other measurement intervals (p<0.05 each). Intergroup comparisons showed statistically significant difference in heart rate and mean arterial pressure levels at T2 interval which were higher in Group N (p<0.01). Intraocular pressure levels at T2 and T3 intervals were significantly higher in Group N (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Lower end-extubation intraocular pressure levels were obtained when @entity6 was used as a @entity4 reversal agent in comparison with @entity2 - @entity3 combination. @entity6 may be a better option for the reversal of @entity4 and intraocular pressure increase should be avoided in @entity0 with @entity1 or penetrating @entity5 .

title: Intraocular pressure changes associated with tracheal extubation: Comparison of XXXX with conventional reversal of @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of @entity2 / @entity3 combination and @entity6 on intraocular pressure during tracheal extubation period. METHODS: The single-blind prospective randomised controlled study was conducted at Ordu University Research and Training Hospital from August to October 2014, and comprised @entity0 who were randomly assigned to 2 groups according to the agent used for reversal of @entity4 . Group N received 0.05mgkg-1 @entity2 and 0.02 mgkg-1 @entity3 and the @entity0 in Group S received 2mgkg-1 @entity6 intravenously. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure and intraocular pressure were measured at baseline, before the induction (T1), after the application of reversal agent (T2), and 1 (T3), 3 (T4), 5 (T5) and 10 (T6) minutes after the extubation. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were 36 @entity0 in the study; 18(50%) in each group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender and body mass index (p>0.05 each). Intraocular pressure was significantly higher when the baseline level was compared with all measurement intervals in Group N (p<0.05 each). In Group S, it showed no significant difference at T2 (p>0.05) whereas it was significantly higher at all other measurement intervals (p<0.05 each). Intergroup comparisons showed statistically significant difference in heart rate and mean arterial pressure levels at T2 interval which were higher in Group N (p<0.01). Intraocular pressure levels at T2 and T3 intervals were significantly higher in Group N (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Lower end-extubation intraocular pressure levels were obtained when @entity6 was used as a @entity4 reversal agent in comparison with @entity2 - @entity3 combination. @entity6 may be a better option for the reversal of @entity4 and intraocular pressure increase should be avoided in @entity0 with @entity1 or penetrating @entity5 .

title: Intraocular pressure changes associated with tracheal extubation: Comparison of @entity6 with conventional reversal of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: An increased referral of patients with anticoagulation related @entity5 necessitated an analysis of causes and outcome of these complications in a @entity0 group that reflected Swedish therapeutic traditions of anticoagulation treatment. Prospectively, all @entity0 from Stockholm evaluated for @entity6 related intracranial @entity5 occurring during 1987 were analysed and their 6 month outcome recorded. Sixty-eight @entity0 were included. The results of @entity5 were catastrophic with a 77% mortality rate. Their incidence was much higher than expected. Forty-one @entity0 had non-traumatic intracerebral haematomas, 1 had a non-traumatic @entity4 and 26 had @entity3 . In the 42 @entity0 with non-traumatic @entity5 , the indications for anticoagulation were cerebral ischaemic events in a majority (27/42). The remaining 15 @entity0 had different indications for anticoagulation. They also had an increased frequency of @entity2 (p < 0.05). In the 26 @entity0 with traumatic haematomas, only 6/26 @entity0 had previous cerebral @entity3 (p < 0.01). Valvular heart prosthesis was their most common indication (11/26) for anticoagulation. Caution in instituting anticoagulation therapy in @entity0 with @entity2 or @entity1 , which is an important indication for anticoagulation in Sweden, is mandatory. Adherence to strict treatment regimens and their continuous reevaluation may help to avoid complications. The finding of more @entity0 than expected with @entity5 complications is not compatible with the risk evaluations used to justify anticoagulation therapy in the @entity0 groups studied. Clinical practice must have changed with time, showing that risk evaluations from controlled trials or retrospectively collected clinical data from selected @entity0 are not necessarily applicable for long-term clinical practice.

title: Intracranial traumatic and non-traumatic XXXX complications of @entity6 treatment.

answer: @entity5


abstract: An increased referral of patients with anticoagulation related @entity5 necessitated an analysis of causes and outcome of these complications in a @entity0 group that reflected Swedish therapeutic traditions of anticoagulation treatment. Prospectively, all @entity0 from Stockholm evaluated for @entity6 related intracranial @entity5 occurring during 1987 were analysed and their 6 month outcome recorded. Sixty-eight @entity0 were included. The results of @entity5 were catastrophic with a 77% mortality rate. Their incidence was much higher than expected. Forty-one @entity0 had non-traumatic intracerebral haematomas, 1 had a non-traumatic @entity4 and 26 had @entity3 . In the 42 @entity0 with non-traumatic @entity5 , the indications for anticoagulation were cerebral ischaemic events in a majority (27/42). The remaining 15 @entity0 had different indications for anticoagulation. They also had an increased frequency of @entity2 (p < 0.05). In the 26 @entity0 with traumatic haematomas, only 6/26 @entity0 had previous cerebral @entity3 (p < 0.01). Valvular heart prosthesis was their most common indication (11/26) for anticoagulation. Caution in instituting anticoagulation therapy in @entity0 with @entity2 or @entity1 , which is an important indication for anticoagulation in Sweden, is mandatory. Adherence to strict treatment regimens and their continuous reevaluation may help to avoid complications. The finding of more @entity0 than expected with @entity5 complications is not compatible with the risk evaluations used to justify anticoagulation therapy in the @entity0 groups studied. Clinical practice must have changed with time, showing that risk evaluations from controlled trials or retrospectively collected clinical data from selected @entity0 are not necessarily applicable for long-term clinical practice.

title: Intracranial traumatic and non-traumatic @entity5 complications of XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Although nightmares appear to be related to @entity3 , the mechanisms which underpin this relationship are unknown. We sought to address this gap by examining a multiple mediation hypothesis whereby nightmares were predicted to have an indirect effect on @entity3 through perceptions of defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness. METHODS: Data were collected from 91 @entity0 who had experienced @entity2 and symptoms of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Nightmares were measured by summing the frequency and intensity ratings of relevant items on the Clinician-Administered @entity5 Scale. @entity0 also completed questionnaire measures of suicidal behavior, hopelessness, defeat, and entrapment. Given the interrelations between @entity1 , @entity5 , and suicide, a measure of @entity1 was included as a covariate. Furthermore, analyses were conducted with and without those @entity0 who had comorbid @entity4 . RESULTS: Suicidal behaviors were higher in those @entity0 who experienced nightmares (62%), in comparison to those who did not (20%). Bootstrapped analyses provided support for the hypothesized multistep mediational model. Specifically, nightmares were both directly and indirectly associated with @entity3 , through perceptions of defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness, independent of comorbid @entity1 and @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: For the first time we show that the relationship between nightmares and @entity3 is partially mediated by a multistep pathway via defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness. Clinically, our work highlights the importance of monitoring and targeting nightmares and perceptions of defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness when working with clients who have experienced @entity2 .

title: Nightmares and Suicide in XXXX : The Mediating Role of Defeat, Entrapment, and Hopelessness.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mechanical thrombectomy is beneficial for @entity0 with acute @entity1 and a proximal anterior occlusion, but it is unclear if these results can be extrapolated to @entity0 with an @entity2 . The purpose of this study was to examine the technical aspects, safety, and outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy with a stent retriever in @entity0 with an isolated @entity2 who were included in 3 large multicenter prospective studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included @entity0 from the Solitaire Flow Restoration Thrombectomy for Acute Revascularization ( @entity4 ), Solitaire With the Intention For Thrombectomy ( @entity3 ), and Solitaire With the Intention for Thrombectomy as Primary Endovascular Treatment ( @entity3 PRIME) studies, 3 large multicenter prospective studies on thrombectomy for @entity1 . We compared outcomes and technical details of @entity0 with an M2 with those with an M1 occlusion. All @entity0 were treated with a stent retriever. Imaging data and outcomes were scored by an independent core laboratory. Successful reperfusion was defined as modified Thrombolysis in @entity1 score of 2b/3. RESULTS: We included 50 @entity0 with an M2 and 249 @entity0 with an M1 occlusion. @entity0 with an @entity2 were older (mean age, 71 versus 67 years; P = .04) and had a lower NIHSS score (median, 13 versus 17; P < .001) compared with those with an M1 occlusion. Procedural time was nonsignificantly shorter in @entity0 with an @entity2 (median, 29 versus 35 minutes; P = .41). The average number of passes with a stent retriever was also nonsignificantly lower in @entity0 with an @entity2 (mean, 1.4 versus 1.7; P = .07). There were no significant differences in successful reperfusion (85% versus 82%, P = .82), symptomatic @entity5 (2% versus 2%, P = 1.0), device-related serious adverse events (6% versus 4%, P = .46), or modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 at follow-up (60% versus 56%, P = .64). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular reperfusion therapy appears to be feasible in selected @entity0 with @entity1 and an @entity2 .

title: Mechanical Thrombectomy for Isolated M2 Occlusions: A Post Hoc Analysis of the @entity4 , XXXX , and @entity3 PRIME Studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mechanical thrombectomy is beneficial for @entity0 with acute @entity1 and a proximal anterior occlusion, but it is unclear if these results can be extrapolated to @entity0 with an @entity2 . The purpose of this study was to examine the technical aspects, safety, and outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy with a stent retriever in @entity0 with an isolated @entity2 who were included in 3 large multicenter prospective studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included @entity0 from the Solitaire Flow Restoration Thrombectomy for Acute Revascularization ( @entity4 ), Solitaire With the Intention For Thrombectomy ( @entity3 ), and Solitaire With the Intention for Thrombectomy as Primary Endovascular Treatment ( @entity3 PRIME) studies, 3 large multicenter prospective studies on thrombectomy for @entity1 . We compared outcomes and technical details of @entity0 with an M2 with those with an M1 occlusion. All @entity0 were treated with a stent retriever. Imaging data and outcomes were scored by an independent core laboratory. Successful reperfusion was defined as modified Thrombolysis in @entity1 score of 2b/3. RESULTS: We included 50 @entity0 with an M2 and 249 @entity0 with an M1 occlusion. @entity0 with an @entity2 were older (mean age, 71 versus 67 years; P = .04) and had a lower NIHSS score (median, 13 versus 17; P < .001) compared with those with an M1 occlusion. Procedural time was nonsignificantly shorter in @entity0 with an @entity2 (median, 29 versus 35 minutes; P = .41). The average number of passes with a stent retriever was also nonsignificantly lower in @entity0 with an @entity2 (mean, 1.4 versus 1.7; P = .07). There were no significant differences in successful reperfusion (85% versus 82%, P = .82), symptomatic @entity5 (2% versus 2%, P = 1.0), device-related serious adverse events (6% versus 4%, P = .46), or modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 at follow-up (60% versus 56%, P = .64). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular reperfusion therapy appears to be feasible in selected @entity0 with @entity1 and an @entity2 .

title: Mechanical Thrombectomy for Isolated M2 Occlusions: A Post Hoc Analysis of the @entity4 , @entity3 , and XXXX PRIME Studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Mechanical thrombectomy is beneficial for @entity0 with acute @entity1 and a proximal anterior occlusion, but it is unclear if these results can be extrapolated to @entity0 with an @entity2 . The purpose of this study was to examine the technical aspects, safety, and outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy with a stent retriever in @entity0 with an isolated @entity2 who were included in 3 large multicenter prospective studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included @entity0 from the Solitaire Flow Restoration Thrombectomy for Acute Revascularization ( @entity4 ), Solitaire With the Intention For Thrombectomy ( @entity3 ), and Solitaire With the Intention for Thrombectomy as Primary Endovascular Treatment ( @entity3 PRIME) studies, 3 large multicenter prospective studies on thrombectomy for @entity1 . We compared outcomes and technical details of @entity0 with an M2 with those with an M1 occlusion. All @entity0 were treated with a stent retriever. Imaging data and outcomes were scored by an independent core laboratory. Successful reperfusion was defined as modified Thrombolysis in @entity1 score of 2b/3. RESULTS: We included 50 @entity0 with an M2 and 249 @entity0 with an M1 occlusion. @entity0 with an @entity2 were older (mean age, 71 versus 67 years; P = .04) and had a lower NIHSS score (median, 13 versus 17; P < .001) compared with those with an M1 occlusion. Procedural time was nonsignificantly shorter in @entity0 with an @entity2 (median, 29 versus 35 minutes; P = .41). The average number of passes with a stent retriever was also nonsignificantly lower in @entity0 with an @entity2 (mean, 1.4 versus 1.7; P = .07). There were no significant differences in successful reperfusion (85% versus 82%, P = .82), symptomatic @entity5 (2% versus 2%, P = 1.0), device-related serious adverse events (6% versus 4%, P = .46), or modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 at follow-up (60% versus 56%, P = .64). CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular reperfusion therapy appears to be feasible in selected @entity0 with @entity1 and an @entity2 .

title: Mechanical Thrombectomy for Isolated M2 Occlusions: A Post Hoc Analysis of the XXXX , @entity3 , and @entity3 PRIME Studies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: During a 5 year period, 137 @entity0 who sustained intraperitoneal @entity2 were retrospectively analyzed. One hundred fourteen were considered for evaluation. The method of colon wound management and infectious complications thought to be secondary to the colon wound were reviewed. These @entity0 were admitted to the @entity1 service and underwent exploratory laparotomy for their injuries. The penetrating @entity3 index, as well as other risk factors, were evaluated for their efficacy in predicting potential complications associated with the colon wound. Sixty-four percent of @entity0 were managed by primary closure, 27 percent by end colostomy or end ileostomy, and 9 percent by exteriorization of the injury. The complication rates for these categories were 18, 42, and 40 percent, respectively. There were no significant differences in complications in terms of location and mode of injury. This review confirms that the presence of shock, transfusion (4 or more units), significant contamination, and associated injuries (evaluated by the penetrating @entity3 index) contribute to the development of complications. There were no disruptions of the suture line in the primary closure group. We believe that infections and septic complications are secondary to the original injury to the colon and not related to the method of repair. Primary repair of all colon wounds not requiring resection may be feasible. Prospective evaluation of that approach is indicated.

title: Colon XXXX : further support for primary repair.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We present the clinical manifestations and details of treatment and outcome for eight @entity0 with @entity7 arising in the @entity5 , which is a rare entity. All @entity0 had @entity6 , with @entity1 invading adjacent structures (the @entity4 , esophagus, and major vessels). In two @entity0 , pulmonary metastases were also present. Six @entity0 died 6 months or less after diagnosis, five from the effects of @entity2 . Transient palliation was obtained in four @entity0 who underwent partial excision (three @entity0 ) and radical radiotherapy (one @entity0 ). Two @entity0 remained free of disease at last follow-up more than 4 years after gross total @entity1 resection and radical radiotherapy and were presumably cured. One @entity0 treated by partial resection and radical radiotherapy died from other causes 17 months later. His disease status was unknown. Complete excision with postoperative radiotherapy may be curative, and debulking followed by external irradiation may provide short-term palliation. @entity0 with unresectable @entity1 are best managed by supportive measures only unless a truly effective chemotherapeutic regimen is developed for @entity3 .

title: Squamous cell carcinoma of the XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity3 of combination chemotherapy in @entity0 with advanced, @entity1 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity0 : Fourteen @entity0 with @entity1 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity0 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity9 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity0 received @entity5 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity6 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity8 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity0 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity0 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity3 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity4 episodes and one minor @entity2 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 is effective for advanced @entity1 . Urinary @entity7 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: @entity1 : effective treatment with a combination of @entity5 , XXXX , and @entity8 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity3 of combination chemotherapy in @entity0 with advanced, @entity1 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity0 : Fourteen @entity0 with @entity1 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity0 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity9 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity0 received @entity5 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity6 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity8 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity0 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity0 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity3 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity4 episodes and one minor @entity2 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 is effective for advanced @entity1 . Urinary @entity7 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: @entity1 : effective treatment with a combination of @entity5 , @entity6 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity3 of combination chemotherapy in @entity0 with advanced, @entity1 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity0 : Fourteen @entity0 with @entity1 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity0 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity9 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity0 received @entity5 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity6 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity8 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity0 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity0 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity3 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity4 episodes and one minor @entity2 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 is effective for advanced @entity1 . Urinary @entity7 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: XXXX : effective treatment with a combination of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and @entity3 of combination chemotherapy in @entity0 with advanced, @entity1 . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. @entity0 : Fourteen @entity0 with @entity1 confirmed by histologic tests. All @entity0 had metastatic disease and elevated urinary @entity9 secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, @entity0 received @entity5 , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; @entity6 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and @entity8 , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of @entity0 (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding @entity0 had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. @entity3 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor @entity4 episodes and one minor @entity2 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity8 is effective for advanced @entity1 . Urinary @entity7 are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.

title: @entity1 : effective treatment with a combination of XXXX , @entity6 , and @entity8 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Because @entity1 is the most frequent @entity4 in @entity3 ( @entity3 ), a brain computerised tomography (CT) scan is usually performed. The benefits of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have not been clearly established. This study aims to clarify the prevalence and type of @entity2 in @entity3 detected using MRI and to compare them with those detected using CT scans. METHODS: In the Grenoble University Hospital, @entity0 diagnosed with definite or possible @entity7 according to Duke's criteria were screened from 2010-2012. Brain CT and MRI were performed as soon as possible after diagnosis. RESULTS: Of the 62 @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent at least one cerebral imaging within 3 weeks of diagnosis, Streptococcus (29) and Staphylococcus (14) were the main micro-organisms present. Twenty-eight (45%) @entity0 underwent cardiac surgery. Eight (13%) died before discharge. Twenty (32%) had @entity1 . A brain CT-scan was performed on 53 (85%) @entity0 and a MRI was performed on 43 (69%) @entity0 . CT was pathological in 26 (49%) @entity0 , whereas 32 (74%) MRI demonstrated abnormalities. The MRI lesions were classified as follows: ischaemia (48%), microbleeds (34%), @entity6 (16%), abscesses (9%) and microbial @entity5 (4%). Of the 37 @entity0 who underwent both MRI and CT examinations, ischaemia (48% vs 35%) and microbleeds (34%) demonstrated the difference between the two imaging methods. CONCLUSION: Through the early diagnosis of @entity2 , even in asymptomatic cases, MRI may have a role in the @entity3 management, influence any surgical decision and assist in prognosis assessment.

title: Cerebral imaging in XXXX : A clinical study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity2 in 294 @entity0 who survived to four months in the Perth Community @entity1 Study (Perth, Australia), and a follow-up of these @entity0 at 12 months, are presented. METHOD: Diagnoses are described both in the usual DSM hierarchic format and by a non-hierarchic approach. Adoption of the hierarchic approach alone greatly underestimates the prevalence of @entity2 . RESULTS: Most cases were of @entity4 , and the remainder were generalised @entity2 . The prevalence of @entity2 alone was 5% in @entity0 and 19% in @entity0 ; in community controls, it was 5% in @entity0 and 8% in @entity0 . Adopting a non-hierarchic approach to diagnosis gave a prevalence of 12% in @entity0 and 28% in @entity0 . When those who showed evidence of @entity2 before @entity1 were subtracted, the latter prevalence was 9% in @entity0 and 20% in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: One-third of the @entity0 and half of the @entity0 with post- @entity1 @entity2 showed evidence of either @entity3 or an @entity2 at the time of the @entity1 . At 12 month follow-up of 49 @entity0 with @entity4 by a non-hierarchic approach, 51% had recovered, and equal proportions of the remainder had died or still had @entity4 . The only major difference in outcome between those with @entity2 alone and those with comorbid @entity3 was the greater mortality in the latter.

title: @entity2 after XXXX : results from the Perth Community @entity1 Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity2 in 294 @entity0 who survived to four months in the Perth Community @entity1 Study (Perth, Australia), and a follow-up of these @entity0 at 12 months, are presented. METHOD: Diagnoses are described both in the usual DSM hierarchic format and by a non-hierarchic approach. Adoption of the hierarchic approach alone greatly underestimates the prevalence of @entity2 . RESULTS: Most cases were of @entity4 , and the remainder were generalised @entity2 . The prevalence of @entity2 alone was 5% in @entity0 and 19% in @entity0 ; in community controls, it was 5% in @entity0 and 8% in @entity0 . Adopting a non-hierarchic approach to diagnosis gave a prevalence of 12% in @entity0 and 28% in @entity0 . When those who showed evidence of @entity2 before @entity1 were subtracted, the latter prevalence was 9% in @entity0 and 20% in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: One-third of the @entity0 and half of the @entity0 with post- @entity1 @entity2 showed evidence of either @entity3 or an @entity2 at the time of the @entity1 . At 12 month follow-up of 49 @entity0 with @entity4 by a non-hierarchic approach, 51% had recovered, and equal proportions of the remainder had died or still had @entity4 . The only major difference in outcome between those with @entity2 alone and those with comorbid @entity3 was the greater mortality in the latter.

title: @entity2 after @entity1 : results from the Perth Community XXXX Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prevalence of @entity2 in 294 @entity0 who survived to four months in the Perth Community @entity1 Study (Perth, Australia), and a follow-up of these @entity0 at 12 months, are presented. METHOD: Diagnoses are described both in the usual DSM hierarchic format and by a non-hierarchic approach. Adoption of the hierarchic approach alone greatly underestimates the prevalence of @entity2 . RESULTS: Most cases were of @entity4 , and the remainder were generalised @entity2 . The prevalence of @entity2 alone was 5% in @entity0 and 19% in @entity0 ; in community controls, it was 5% in @entity0 and 8% in @entity0 . Adopting a non-hierarchic approach to diagnosis gave a prevalence of 12% in @entity0 and 28% in @entity0 . When those who showed evidence of @entity2 before @entity1 were subtracted, the latter prevalence was 9% in @entity0 and 20% in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: One-third of the @entity0 and half of the @entity0 with post- @entity1 @entity2 showed evidence of either @entity3 or an @entity2 at the time of the @entity1 . At 12 month follow-up of 49 @entity0 with @entity4 by a non-hierarchic approach, 51% had recovered, and equal proportions of the remainder had died or still had @entity4 . The only major difference in outcome between those with @entity2 alone and those with comorbid @entity3 was the greater mortality in the latter.

title: XXXX after @entity1 : results from the Perth Community @entity1 Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sixteen @entity1 in early lactation were randomly distributed into two groups in order to evaluate the effects of mammary biopsies and increased milking frequency on tissue characteristics, post-biopsy udder health and histology. One group was milked twice a day (2*) starting on the 2nd day after calving, until 28 days in milk (DIM). The other group was milked four times a day (4*) from two to 21 DIM, and twice a day (2*) from 22 to 28 DIM. On days 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 postpartum, one fragment of secretory tissue was collected from one mammary quarter at a time. Collections were alternated between the four mammary quarters per collection day. A total of 80 mammary tissue samples were collected. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the tissues were conducted by histologic examination. Animal health was assessed by observation of feed intake behavior immediately after biopsy, and weight and body condition score before and one week after biopsy. Udder health was assessed daily from calving to 60 DIM with California @entity2 Test (CMT) and by noting alterations in the milk such as blood, milk clots, @entity3 , clinical signs of @entity2 . Milk composition and somatic cell count (SCC) were analyzed before and after the biopsies. Milk production was evaluated before biopsy, on the day of biopsy, and after the biopsy. An average of 10 fields at 40* magnification was obtained from each sample. There were no evident changes in mammary morphology as a result of milking two or four times/day at any of the evaluated time points. Biopsy wounds healed rapidly without @entity0 . Intramammary bleeding and CMT alterations were observed in 96% and 75% of the biopsied mammary quarters, respectively. Clinical @entity2 was diagnosed in 12% of the biopsied quarters. Different milking frequencies had no effect on the frequency and duration of post-biopsy alterations. Milk production decreased after biopsies done on days 2 for 2* and 4* groups, but it returned to pre-biopsy values within 1 day. Milk composition and SCC were affected transiently. Increased milking frequency did not influence udder health. Post-biopsy recovery was rapid and the procedure proved effective without damaging the @entity1 ' health.

title: Effects of XXXX mammary gland biopsy and increased milking frequency on post-procedure udder health, histology, and milk yield.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report on the use of automated image analysis in the interpretation of transrectal ultrasonographic images of the prostate. @entity0 AND METHODS: During transrectal ultrasonography, images were recorded from biopsies performed in 127 @entity0 . Subsequently in the image, the puncture place was marked and analysed. Analysis of the images was performed with the Automated Urologic Diagnostic Expert (AUDEX) system, consisting of a personal computer connected to the ultrasound machine. From the images collected, parameters can be calculated for image classification. The parameters obtained with this procedure were correlated with the histological result. RESULTS: Evaluation showed a sensitivity of 84.8% and specificity of 87.5%. The positive and negative predictive values, to predict @entity2 , were 84.8% and 87.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Automated image analysis can help in the diagnosis of @entity2 . In @entity0 with non-palpable lesions or with poorly visualized @entity1 , image analysis is superior to the standard current diagnostic techniques.

title: Computerized analysis of transrectal ultrasonography images in the detection of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research into the optimal treatment of @entity1 has been limited by the lack of an established classification system for the disease. The purposes of this study were to develop a radiographic classification for @entity1 of the proximal femur and to test this classification's intra- and interobserver reliability as well as the effectiveness of our treatments. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed radiographs and computed tomography (CT) of 227 femurs from 206 @entity0 with @entity1 . The radiographs were evaluated in the coronal plane for neck-shaft angle, @entity2 in the proximal femoral shaft, and distal juxtaarticular @entity2 . CT was evaluated in the axial plane for destruction of cortex. Reduction of bone strength was defined as the thickness of the remaining cortex less than 50  % of the original on axial CT. Two senior orthopedists evaluated each radiograph and CT twice at 8-week intervals. Intra- and interobserver reliability testing was performed using the kappa statistic. Treatments were assessed through mid-term follow-up. RESULTS: The 227 femurs were classified into five reproducible types: type 1 (33  %), normal bone strength without @entity2 (30  %), decreased bone strength without @entity2 ; type 3 (12  %), isolated @entity3 with neck-shaft angle <120  ; type 4 (11  %), isolated @entity2 in the proximal femoral shaft; and type 5 (14  %), @entity3 with @entity2 in the proximal femoral shaft. Intra- and interobserver kappa values were excellent, ranging from 0.85 to 0.88. Good clinical outcomes were achieved. CONCLUSIONS: This radiographic classification of @entity1 is reproducible and useful for describing and assessing this disease. The treatments based on this classification were effective.

title: Radiographic classification and treatment of XXXX of the proximal femur: 227 femurs with a mean follow-up of 6  years.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To identify parental influences affecting micronutrient supplementation in @entity0 and adolescents (2-18 years of age) with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), a multi-method (survey, focus groups) study was conducted. A 35-item questionnaire consisting of open- and closed-ended questions was launched nationally via Canadian Celiac Association internet sites. Five focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. The survey and semi-structured interview guide content was vetted for face and content validity. Thematic analyses were conducted on the focus group content and open-ended survey questions, and   (2) and Fischer's exact analysis were performed on closed-ended survey data. Survey respondents were predominantly mothers (97%) of female @entity0 (80 F, 49 M) between the ages of 9-12 (31%) with @entity2 , residing in western provinces (55%) with a combined family income >=  100   000/year (63%). Seventy-seven percent of parental respondent's @entity0 or adolescents consumed micronutrient supplements, for 1-5 years (52%), 7 days a week (65%), as both multi-vitamin and single vitamin preparations (40%). Parental influences on @entity0 micronutrient use included health beliefs and knowledge, parental supplement use, supplement characteristics, age of @entity0 (above or below 13 years), household routines, and provincial residential status (P < 0.05). Parents relied on health professional recommendation (69%; @entity1 , RD) and the internet (21%) as sources of information regarding @entity0 micronutrient supplementation. Parental health beliefs and knowledge, socio-demographic factors, and practitioner recommendation influence micronutrient supplement use in @entity0 and adolescents with @entity2 .

title: Parental Health Beliefs, Socio-demographics, and Healthcare Recommendations Influence Micronutrient Supplementation in Youth with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 is a rare complication of @entity5 . Despite radical resections, these @entity0 usually have a poor prognosis with a mean survival of 23 months and long-term survival is rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: A 48-year-old Latino-American @entity0 presented with watery diarrhea, diffuse @entity4 and @entity2 for 3 months. A computed tomography scan revealed a mass in the splenic flexure that had infiltrated his stomach and diaphragm. Panendoscopy and colonoscopy confirmed the presence of a fistula between the distal transverse colon and the stomach, which was secondary to a @entity5 . His colon, stomach and left diaphragm were resected en bloc. A histological examination revealed a moderately differentiated @entity5 that had infiltrated the full width of the gastric wall with 37 negative lymph nodes and clear surgical margins. Adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity3 and @entity6 was administered after surgery. Our @entity0 is alive and without any recurrence 5 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: En bloc resection with adjuvant chemotherapy offers the best treatment option for gastrocolic fistulas. This is one of the @entity0 with greater survival reported in the medical literature.

title: XXXX secondary to @entity5 : a case report.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 is a rare complication of @entity5 . Despite radical resections, these @entity0 usually have a poor prognosis with a mean survival of 23 months and long-term survival is rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: A 48-year-old Latino-American @entity0 presented with watery diarrhea, diffuse @entity4 and @entity2 for 3 months. A computed tomography scan revealed a mass in the splenic flexure that had infiltrated his stomach and diaphragm. Panendoscopy and colonoscopy confirmed the presence of a fistula between the distal transverse colon and the stomach, which was secondary to a @entity5 . His colon, stomach and left diaphragm were resected en bloc. A histological examination revealed a moderately differentiated @entity5 that had infiltrated the full width of the gastric wall with 37 negative lymph nodes and clear surgical margins. Adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity3 and @entity6 was administered after surgery. Our @entity0 is alive and without any recurrence 5 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: En bloc resection with adjuvant chemotherapy offers the best treatment option for gastrocolic fistulas. This is one of the @entity0 with greater survival reported in the medical literature.

title: @entity1 secondary to XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Domestic allergens, such as mite and cat allergens, are a leading cause of @entity2 . Allergen exposure is a risk factor for sensitization. Allergens also play a major role in the development of @entity1 and non specific @entity6 as well as in the apparition and modulation of symptomatic @entity4 . The development of new means of detecting allergens (i.e. immunochemical assays including monoclonal antibodies, quantitative and semiquantitative @entity5 measurements for mite allergens) has made possible to identify allergens sources and reservoirs. The form in which domestic allergens become airborne is important. The group I and II allergens from mites, the major cockroach allergens are carried on large particles (mean size > 10 microns diameter); in contrast, the major cat allergens are airborne on small particles (40% < 5 microns). @entity5 , a @entity3 , is used as a marker for mite feces and is correlated with the presence of major allergens from mites. A colorimetric method (Acarex-TestR) provides a simple and inexpensive method of assaying indoor mite allergen exposure for both doctor and @entity0 alike. By using Acarex-TestR it is possible to evaluate the mite allergen exposure for a population in a particular country. The detection of allergens sources and reservoirs, the quantification of domestic allergens has enabled the evaluation of the effect of a reduction in allergen exposure to be better assessed. Recognition of the risks, environmental control and reduction in allergen loads, should be among the objectives of @entity4 management.

title: [Importance of measuring exposure to the principal indoor allergens in XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is the major dose-limiting factor in the chemotherapeutic use of @entity2 ( @entity4 ). A delivery vehicle that can be triggered to release its payload in the tumoral microvasculature but not in healthy tissue would help improve the therapeutic window of the drug. Delivery strategies combining liposomal encapsulated @entity4 (LDox), microbubbles (MBs), and ultrasound (US) have been shown to improve therapeutic efficacy of LDox, but much remains to be known about the mechanisms and the US conditions that maximize @entity0 using this approach. In this study, we compared different US pulses in terms of drug release and acute @entity0 . Drug uptake and proliferation rates using low-intensity US were measured in squamous cell @entity1 cells exposed to LDox conjugated to or coinjected with polymer MBs. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the effects of low- and high-pressure US on @entity4 release kinetics; (2) to evaluate whether conjugating the liposome to the MB surface (DoxLPX) is an important factor for drug release and @entity0 ; and (3) to determine which US parameters most inhibit cell proliferation and whether this inhibition is mediated by drug release or the MB/US interaction with cells. Low-pressure US (170 kPa) at high duty cycle (stable cavitation) released up to    70% of the encapsulated @entity4 from the DoxLPX, thus improving @entity4 bioavailability and cellular uptake and leading to a significant reduction in cell proliferation at 48 h. Flow cytometry showed that US generating stable oscillations of DoxLPX significantly increased cellular @entity4 uptake at 4 h after US exposure compared to LDox. Drug uptake was correlated with @entity0 at 48 h. Our results demonstrate that @entity4 -containing liposomes conjugated to polymer MBs can be triggered to release    70% of their payload using noninertial US. Following release, @entity4 became bioavailable to the cells and induced significantly higher @entity0 compared to nonreleased encapsulated drug. Our findings show promise for targeted drug delivery using this theranostic delivery platform at low US intensities.

title: Low Intensity Ultrasound Mediated Liposomal XXXX Delivery Using Polymer Microbubbles.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: EV-D68 is associated with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Since its first isolation, EV-D68 has been detected sporadically. However, the US and Canada have experienced outbreaks of EV-D68 infections between August and December 2014. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of EV-D68 in Chongqing, Southwestern China. From January 2012 to November 2014, 1876 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens (NPAs) were collected from hospitalized @entity0 with @entity2 . Among the 1876 NPAs, EV-D68 was detected in 19 samples (1.0%, 19/1876). Of these, 13 samples were detected in September and October 2014 (9.8%, 13/132). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all 13 strains detected in the 2014 Chongqing had high homology with the main strains of the 2014 US outbreak. Among the @entity0 with EV-D68 infection, 13 (68%) had a history of recurrent wheezing. A total of 13 @entity0 had a discharge diagnosis of @entity1 . Of these, 11 @entity0 were diagnosed with acute @entity1 exacerbation. EV-D68 was the predominant pathogen that evoked @entity1 exacerbation in September and October 2014. In conclusion, our results found that a history of recurrent wheezing may be a risk factor for the detection of EV-D68 and viral-induced @entity1 exacerbation may be a clinical feature of EV-D68 infection.

title: Prevalence and molecular characterizations of enterovirus D68 among @entity0 with acute XXXX in China between 2012 and 2014.

answer: @entity2