abstract: Using Holter monitoring the Authors compared the effectiveness of @entity4 120 mg every 8 hours for three consecutive days with the results of a placebo administered with the same regimen, following a double-blind completely balanced cross-over trial in 20 @entity0 with @entity3 at rest. During treatment with @entity4 the total number of recorded @entity1 episodes was 100, during treatment with placebo the total number was 357 (Tab. I); P less than 0.01 at analysis of variance (Tab. II). @entity1 episodes during treatment with @entity4 had a shorter duration (3.9 versus 5.1 min.), less marked @entity5 segment shifts (1.3 versus 2 mm), and were less symptomatic (20% versus 29%) than @entity1 episodes during placebo (Tab. III). No significant differences at a paired t test were noted. @entity4 was more effective in the morning (12 p.m. - 12 a.m.: from 187 to 34 @entity1 episodes) than in the evening (12 a.m. - 12 p.m.: from 170 to 66 @entity1 episodes) (Fig. 1); P less than 0.01 at the chi-square test (Tab. IV). @entity4 reduced the number of @entity1 episodes with @entity5 segment elevation, peaking of T waves and negative T wave inversion (from 188 to 39) more than the number of episodes with @entity2 (from 169 to 61) (Tab. V); P less than 0.05 at the chi-square test. In conclusion, in @entity0 with @entity3 at rest, @entity4 reduces the incidence and seems to reduce the severity of @entity1 episodes, too.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX in spontaneous @entity3 : double-blind cross-over study with Holter monitoring].

answer: @entity4


abstract: Groups of @entity0 with @entity4 of @entity3 (DAT) and @entity2 , together with age and IQ-matched normal controls, were compared on several computerized tests of visuospatial memory and learning. Two different groups of @entity2 @entity0 were studied: (1) a newly diagnosed group, early in the course of the disease, not receiving medication (NMED) PD) and (2) a group later in the course of the disease, receiving medication (MED PD). The DAT and MED PD group were significantly @entity1 . The DAT group exhibited a delay-dependent deficit (over 0-16 s) in a delayed matching-to-sample procedure, but were not impaired at simultaneous-matching-to-sample. By contrast, the MED PD group showed delay-independent deficits in the delayed matching-to-sample test and both the MED PD and the NMED PD group were also significantly impaired in simultaneous matching. In a form of delayed response test, the subjects were required first to memorize and then to learn the locations of several abstract visual stimuli which varied progressively in number from 1 to 8. The DAT group were severely impaired in this conditional associative learning task. A significant proportion of @entity0 , but none of the controls, in the NMED and MED PD group also failed the test at the levels of 6 or 8 items. There was a significant correlation between the performance on the first trial, memory score in the delayed response task and indices of clinical disability and disease duration in the @entity0 with @entity2 . The results are discussed in terms of the utility of the comparison between DAT and PD in characterizing the nature of the @entity1 in these conditions and their relation to those findings from animal neuropsychology which use comparable paradigms.

title: A comparative study of visuospatial memory and learning in XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Groups of @entity0 with @entity4 of @entity3 (DAT) and @entity2 , together with age and IQ-matched normal controls, were compared on several computerized tests of visuospatial memory and learning. Two different groups of @entity2 @entity0 were studied: (1) a newly diagnosed group, early in the course of the disease, not receiving medication (NMED) PD) and (2) a group later in the course of the disease, receiving medication (MED PD). The DAT and MED PD group were significantly @entity1 . The DAT group exhibited a delay-dependent deficit (over 0-16 s) in a delayed matching-to-sample procedure, but were not impaired at simultaneous-matching-to-sample. By contrast, the MED PD group showed delay-independent deficits in the delayed matching-to-sample test and both the MED PD and the NMED PD group were also significantly impaired in simultaneous matching. In a form of delayed response test, the subjects were required first to memorize and then to learn the locations of several abstract visual stimuli which varied progressively in number from 1 to 8. The DAT group were severely impaired in this conditional associative learning task. A significant proportion of @entity0 , but none of the controls, in the NMED and MED PD group also failed the test at the levels of 6 or 8 items. There was a significant correlation between the performance on the first trial, memory score in the delayed response task and indices of clinical disability and disease duration in the @entity0 with @entity2 . The results are discussed in terms of the utility of the comparison between DAT and PD in characterizing the nature of the @entity1 in these conditions and their relation to those findings from animal neuropsychology which use comparable paradigms.

title: A comparative study of visuospatial memory and learning in @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effectiveness and acceptability of @entity7 administered by vaginal route was evaluated in a group of 110 @entity0 with @entity1 . @entity0 were divided into four groups. The first three groups were treated by vaginal route. Group I (n = 17) received two 2.5-mg tablets weekly; group II (n = 31) received three 2.5-mg tablets weekly; group III (n = 35) received two 5.0-mg tablets weekly. Group IV consisted of 27 @entity0 who received 2.5 mg of @entity7 orally twice weekly. Ninety-eight @entity0 completed the 6- to 8-month treatment period. @entity5 developed in all treatment groups, including group I (34%). The disappearance of both @entity2 and @entity4 occurred in most @entity0 in all treatment groups soon after the second month of therapy. @entity0 treated by vaginal route had significantly less @entity6 and acne than those treated by oral route. @entity3 was also significantly less in vaginally treated @entity0 than in those treated orally. Pregnancy rate following discontinuation was not significantly different for the various groups.

title: Treatment of @entity1 by vaginal administration of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The effectiveness and acceptability of @entity7 administered by vaginal route was evaluated in a group of 110 @entity0 with @entity1 . @entity0 were divided into four groups. The first three groups were treated by vaginal route. Group I (n = 17) received two 2.5-mg tablets weekly; group II (n = 31) received three 2.5-mg tablets weekly; group III (n = 35) received two 5.0-mg tablets weekly. Group IV consisted of 27 @entity0 who received 2.5 mg of @entity7 orally twice weekly. Ninety-eight @entity0 completed the 6- to 8-month treatment period. @entity5 developed in all treatment groups, including group I (34%). The disappearance of both @entity2 and @entity4 occurred in most @entity0 in all treatment groups soon after the second month of therapy. @entity0 treated by vaginal route had significantly less @entity6 and acne than those treated by oral route. @entity3 was also significantly less in vaginally treated @entity0 than in those treated orally. Pregnancy rate following discontinuation was not significantly different for the various groups.

title: Treatment of XXXX by vaginal administration of @entity7 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. The performance of 1680 male broiler @entity3 was measured from one to 42 d of age. They were given diets with three (125, 165 and 205 mEq/kg) electrolyte balances ( @entity2 + @entity1 - @entity4 ), two sources of added @entity1 ( @entity6 or @entity0 ) and two anticoccidial agents (90 mg/kg of either @entity5 or lasalocid). 2. The dietary treatments had no significant effects on the growth performance of broiler @entity3 in the starter phase. 3. In the finisher phase, the @entity3 given the diets containing lasalocid utilised food less efficiently that those given the diets containing @entity5 . 4. There were significant interactions between dietary electrolyte balance and source of added @entity1 on body weight gains and food:gain ratios in the finisher phase. In diets with an electrolyte balance of 205 mEq/kg, the inclusion of @entity8 instead of @entity7 increased body weight gains by 3.4% and reduced food:gain ratios by 4.6%. 5. The body weight gains of @entity3 given the finisher diets containing lasalocid and added @entity7 were reduced by 2.6% compared to those of @entity3 given the diets containing @entity5 or added @entity8 . 6. The litter moisture content was higher in pens with @entity3 on the diets with an electrolyte balance of 205 mEq/kg than on the diets with either 125 or 165 mEq/kg. Both lasalocid and @entity8 tended to increase the litter moisture content. 7. It may be concluded that the inclusion of 90 mg/kg of either @entity5 or lasalocid in broiler diets does not alter the balance of electrolytes required for optimum growth performance of broiler @entity3 .

title: Influence of dietary electrolyte balance, source of added XXXX and anticoccidial agents on the performance of male broilers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The seminal vesicles synthesize in an @entity2 -dependent manner a neutral protein of 13.5 kDa molecular weight that makes up about 40% of their secretion ("major protein"). An antiserum against this protein raised in @entity0 was used to localize the antigen within the seminal vesicles. In addition to intraluminal secretion of the seminal vesicles and the ampulla of the vas deferens, ejaculated and ampullary spermatozoa revealed an intense immunoreaction, which was restricted to the neck region of the sperm head and the middle piece, while the principal piece of the tail as well as the sperm head were devoid of immunoreactive material. Comparison of spermatozoa taken from the tail of the epididymis with ampullary spermatozoa showed that about 90% of the latter, but only 10-20% of the former presented this distributional pattern of immunoreactive sites. Epididymal epithelium as well as @entity1 seminal vesicle epithelium showed no immunoreactivity with major protein antiserum. Using a pre-embedding staining technique with gold-labeled primary or secondary antibodies, respectively, no immunostaining could be achieved at the ultrastructural level. Incubation experiments of epididymal spermatozoa in @entity4 -containing solutions in the absence of @entity3 resulted in a gradual labilization and eventual loss of the plasma membrane of the sperm middle piece. After removal of (at least part of) the plasma membrane, bound major protein could be visualized immunohistochemically close to the mitochondria of the middle piece using a gold-labeled primary or secondary antibody. The acceptor site for major protein therefore seems to reside inside the plasma membrane of the sperm middle piece.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Binding of a major secretory protein from bull seminal vesicles to XXXX spermatozoa.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Knowing the in vitro effects of @entity1 on monkey leukocytes would be helpful in extending the utility of a monkey model for psychoneuroimmunological investigations. @entity1 effects on @entity3 , Leu2a, and Leu3a antigenic markers on leukocytes from @entity2 and @entity0 were assessed by using single- and two-color cytofluorometric analyses. Kinetics of expression of these markers was determined after modulation of the original complement of @entity3 markers from the surface of @entity3 (+) cells. Percentages of leukocytes detectable by directly staining these markers before modulation were within the expected range for monkey and @entity0 cells. Also, as expected, @entity3 modulation reduced the percentages of cells expressing @entity3 . This reduction was particularly obvious for @entity3 in the single-color analyses, with reductions being greater for monkey than @entity0 cells. Furthermore, in the single-color analyses, the effects of @entity1 on kinetics of @entity3 expression were quite similar for both @entity0 and monkey cells. In the two-color analyses, the simultaneous expression of @entity3 and Leu3a markers was uniform for both monkey and @entity0 cells. The effects of @entity1 on kinetics of expression of these markers varied only slightly between species. On the other hand, the distribution of Leu2a on @entity3 cells was markedly different for monkey and @entity0 T-cells. Whereas all @entity0 Leu2a(+) cells expressed similar numbers of @entity3 receptors, monkey cells with high-density Leu2a expressed fewer @entity3 markers than those with low-density Leu2a. The effects of @entity1 on kinetics of Leu2a and @entity3 expression were at obvious variance between species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparative effects of XXXX on leukocytic antigenic markers of monkeys and @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Knowing the in vitro effects of @entity1 on monkey leukocytes would be helpful in extending the utility of a monkey model for psychoneuroimmunological investigations. @entity1 effects on @entity3 , Leu2a, and Leu3a antigenic markers on leukocytes from @entity2 and @entity0 were assessed by using single- and two-color cytofluorometric analyses. Kinetics of expression of these markers was determined after modulation of the original complement of @entity3 markers from the surface of @entity3 (+) cells. Percentages of leukocytes detectable by directly staining these markers before modulation were within the expected range for monkey and @entity0 cells. Also, as expected, @entity3 modulation reduced the percentages of cells expressing @entity3 . This reduction was particularly obvious for @entity3 in the single-color analyses, with reductions being greater for monkey than @entity0 cells. Furthermore, in the single-color analyses, the effects of @entity1 on kinetics of @entity3 expression were quite similar for both @entity0 and monkey cells. In the two-color analyses, the simultaneous expression of @entity3 and Leu3a markers was uniform for both monkey and @entity0 cells. The effects of @entity1 on kinetics of expression of these markers varied only slightly between species. On the other hand, the distribution of Leu2a on @entity3 cells was markedly different for monkey and @entity0 T-cells. Whereas all @entity0 Leu2a(+) cells expressed similar numbers of @entity3 receptors, monkey cells with high-density Leu2a expressed fewer @entity3 markers than those with low-density Leu2a. The effects of @entity1 on kinetics of Leu2a and @entity3 expression were at obvious variance between species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Comparative effects of @entity1 on leukocytic antigenic markers of monkeys and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The influence of different types of loading intervention on the resulting end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR) of the left ventricle in situ was investigated in anesthetized open-chest @entity1 . Left ventricular volume was measured by conductance catheter and pressure was measured by tip-micromanometer. Two loading interventions were applied: a pressure intervention (INp) by gradually occluding the descending aorta and a volume intervention (INv) by rapidly infusing 180 ml blood into the vena cava. The pressure-volume loops during an intervention always showed a linear ESPVR, the slope of which, Ees, was calculated. Possible method-related artifacts were assessed and could be excluded. Results from 16 @entity1 show that Ees(INp) was always larger (1.37 +/- 0.45 kPa/ml) than Ees(INv) (0.73 +/- 0.32 kPa/ml) (p less than 0.001). This difference was enhanced by beta-blockade through @entity3 . The same phenomenon was found for the slope (SdPV) of the relation between dP/dtmax and end-diastolic volume: SdPV(INp) = 45.17 +/- 22.63 kPa/ml/sec and SdPV(INv) = 20.55 +/- 11.13 kPa/ml/sec. In seven @entity1 , a right heart bypass was performed to study the influence of @entity0 volume on the ESPVR by applying a pressure intervention under three conditions: with constant end-diastolic volume (decreasing @entity0 volume), Ees = 2.27 +/- 0.79 kPa/ml; with constant @entity0 volume, Ees = 1.59 +/- 0.51 kPa/ml; and with increasing @entity0 volume (and increasing end-diastolic volume), Ees = 1.36 +/- 0.49 kPa/ml. Analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant relation between Ees and @entity0 volume (p less than 0.01). From the right heart bypass experiments, we conclude that shortening-related deactivation plays a role in the observed behavior of the ESPVR. However, the results from the series with intact circulation indicate that @entity2 has an additional effect on the slope of the ESPVR, leading to increased myocardial inotropism, perhaps mediated through a peripheral stimulus in response to decreased perfusion.

title: Sensitivity of left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relation to type of loading intervention in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Primate erythrocytes (RBCs) may be involved in the transport and processing of @entity5 -containing @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Compared to RBCs from healthy controls, increased amounts of IgA were detectable on RBCs from 7 of 17 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). There was no difference in the amount of IgG or IgM. The highest amount of RBC-bound IgA corresponded to 6 ng IgA/10(8) cells. The mechanisms involved in the binding of IgA to RBCs were investigated in vitro. Isolated @entity6 or IgA2 did not bind to RCBs from a @entity0 with @entity8 . In contrast, incubation of RBCs with a @entity2 ( @entity3 ) precipitate of serum from a @entity0 with @entity1 which contained @entity7 resulted in @entity6 binding. However, this binding was not inhibited by monoclonal anti- @entity4 or by an excess of IgG or IgM. Factor I did not cause release of IgA from RBCs from @entity0 with @entity1 . Heat-aggregated @entity6 also bound to RBCs and this binding was not affected by the presence of complement. We conclude that minute amounts of @entity7 are bound to RBCs by a complement- and Fc receptor-independent mechanism. The quantity of @entity7 associated with RBC is so small that it is unlikely to represent an important in vivo route of @entity7 transport or processing.

title: Binding of IgA to erythrocytes from @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Primate erythrocytes (RBCs) may be involved in the transport and processing of @entity5 -containing @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Compared to RBCs from healthy controls, increased amounts of IgA were detectable on RBCs from 7 of 17 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). There was no difference in the amount of IgG or IgM. The highest amount of RBC-bound IgA corresponded to 6 ng IgA/10(8) cells. The mechanisms involved in the binding of IgA to RBCs were investigated in vitro. Isolated @entity6 or IgA2 did not bind to RCBs from a @entity0 with @entity8 . In contrast, incubation of RBCs with a @entity2 ( @entity3 ) precipitate of serum from a @entity0 with @entity1 which contained @entity7 resulted in @entity6 binding. However, this binding was not inhibited by monoclonal anti- @entity4 or by an excess of IgG or IgM. Factor I did not cause release of IgA from RBCs from @entity0 with @entity1 . Heat-aggregated @entity6 also bound to RBCs and this binding was not affected by the presence of complement. We conclude that minute amounts of @entity7 are bound to RBCs by a complement- and Fc receptor-independent mechanism. The quantity of @entity7 associated with RBC is so small that it is unlikely to represent an important in vivo route of @entity7 transport or processing.

title: Binding of IgA to erythrocytes from XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Twelve @entity1 @entity0 completed a maximal and an endurance exercise test (70% peak VO2) during a weight maintenance week. For the next 4 wk, the @entity0 consumed either a high (71%) @entity6 (HC) or a low (33%) @entity6 (LC), isonitrogenous very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) of 2,219 kJ (530 kcal).d-1. A supervised exercise session at 60% peak VO2 took place 3 times.wk-1 for 30 to 45 min. Peak VO2 and exercise endurance tests were repeated during the fourth week of the VLCD. One week of a 4,186 kJ (1000 kcal) diet followed the VLCD. The average weekly weight loss was 1.7 +/- 0.1 kg for the HC group and 2.0 +/- 0.2 kg for the LC group. Urinary @entity5 loss was greater for the LC group early in the VLCD but not different than HC over the entire experimental period. Serum @entity2 and high-density lipoprotein- @entity2 decreased in both groups but the ratio of these lipids improved over the treatment. Serum @entity7 and @entity4 increased significantly more for the LC than the HC group. Although absolute peak VO2 decreased, @entity8 relative to body weight was maintained. Time to exhaustion improved by 36% for both groups in the endurance exercise tests. The endurance exercise R ratio was significantly more @entity3 by the LC than the HC treatment. In summary, both supervised treatments were effective in causing substantial weight reduction and improved blood lipid profiles in healthy young @entity0 but caused a net loss of body protein. Neither treatment compromised ability to participate in a thrice weekly exercise program. Although peak aerobic capacity did not increase, aerobic endurance at a fixed sub-maximal exercise load was improved.

title: Exercise capacity and XXXX loss during a high or low @entity6 diet.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Twelve @entity1 @entity0 completed a maximal and an endurance exercise test (70% peak VO2) during a weight maintenance week. For the next 4 wk, the @entity0 consumed either a high (71%) @entity6 (HC) or a low (33%) @entity6 (LC), isonitrogenous very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) of 2,219 kJ (530 kcal).d-1. A supervised exercise session at 60% peak VO2 took place 3 times.wk-1 for 30 to 45 min. Peak VO2 and exercise endurance tests were repeated during the fourth week of the VLCD. One week of a 4,186 kJ (1000 kcal) diet followed the VLCD. The average weekly weight loss was 1.7 +/- 0.1 kg for the HC group and 2.0 +/- 0.2 kg for the LC group. Urinary @entity5 loss was greater for the LC group early in the VLCD but not different than HC over the entire experimental period. Serum @entity2 and high-density lipoprotein- @entity2 decreased in both groups but the ratio of these lipids improved over the treatment. Serum @entity7 and @entity4 increased significantly more for the LC than the HC group. Although absolute peak VO2 decreased, @entity8 relative to body weight was maintained. Time to exhaustion improved by 36% for both groups in the endurance exercise tests. The endurance exercise R ratio was significantly more @entity3 by the LC than the HC treatment. In summary, both supervised treatments were effective in causing substantial weight reduction and improved blood lipid profiles in healthy young @entity0 but caused a net loss of body protein. Neither treatment compromised ability to participate in a thrice weekly exercise program. Although peak aerobic capacity did not increase, aerobic endurance at a fixed sub-maximal exercise load was improved.

title: Exercise capacity and @entity5 loss during a high or low XXXX diet.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Aspartame (APM) is a dipeptide sweetener ( @entity3 ). It has been suggested that excessive use of the product might elevate plasma @entity0 and @entity2 concentrations. Eight normal adults (four male, four female) ingested three successive 12-oz servings of APM-sweetened beverage at two-hour intervals. The study was carried out in two parts in a randomized cross-over design. In one study the beverage was not sweetened. In the other, the beverage provided 10 mg APM/kg body weight per serving. Plasma @entity1 concentrations were measured throughout the six-hour study period. The addition of APM to the beverage had no significant effect on plasma @entity0 concentration. APM addition did increase plasma @entity2 levels 1.64 to 2.05 mumol/dL above baseline values (5.09 +/- 0.82 mumol/dL) 30 to 45 minutes after each dose. However, plasma @entity2 levels did not exceed normal postprandial values at any time. The data indicate ready metabolism of APM's @entity1 content when administered at levels likely to be ingested by individuals who are heavy users of such beverages.

title: Repeated ingestion of aspartame-sweetened beverage: effect on plasma XXXX concentrations in normal adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Thirty-two strains of pectin-fermenting rumen bacteria were isolated from @entity1 rumen contents in a rumen fluid medium which contained pectin as the only added energy source. Based on differences in morphology and the Gram stain, 10 of these strains were selected for characterization. Two strains were identified as Lachnospira multiparus, four strains were identified as Butyrivbrio fibrisolvens, and three strains were identified as @entity4 . Characteristics of the remaining strain did not correspond with any previously described species. It was a gram-positive anaerobic coccus, 1.0 to 1.2 mum in diameter, and occurred primarily as single cells or diplococci. The strain fermented pectin rapidly but showed little or no growth on any other energy sources tested. The only detectable end products were @entity2 and gas, a portion of which was identified as @entity3 . Although the physiological characteristics of this organism differ markedly from other described species, it has been placed in the genus Peptostreptococcus on the basis of morphology, Gram stain, relations to @entity0 , and the occurrence of cell division in only one plane. End products of fermentation are somewhat similar to those of the cellulolytic ruminococci. Eight previously characterized strains of cellulolytic bacteria isolated in nonselective media were unable to ferment pectin, whereas ten strains of hemicellulolytic rumen bacteria, eight of which were isolated with a xylan medium, showed considerable variation in this characteristic.

title: Pectin-fermenting bacteria isolated from the XXXX rumen.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 transferase (GST) from @entity0 placenta was purified by affinity chromatography and anion-exchange h.p.l.c. The enzyme exhibited different chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviours according to the concentration of @entity2 , suggesting a possible change in the net charge of the molecule and a concomitant conformational change due to ligand binding. Two interconvertible forms were quantitatively separated into distinct catalytically active states by h.p.l.c. Depending upon the @entity2 concentration, @entity3 -gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of one or two bands. A Kd of 0.42 mM for @entity2 was determined fluorimetrically. The loss in intrinsic fluorescence also suggested a conformational change in the enzyme. Kinetic studies using @entity4 were conducted to determine whether the presumed conformational change could effect the catalytic capability of placental GST. A biphasic response in initial velocities was observed with increasing concentrations of @entity2 . Two apparent Km values of 0.38 and 50.27 mM were obtained for @entity2 , whereas Vmax. values showed a 46-fold difference. It was concluded that the enzyme assumes a highly anionic form in the presence of a low @entity2 concentration, whereas it is converted into relatively weaker anionic form when its immediate environment contains a high @entity2 concentration. Since the average tissue concentration of total @entity2 was estimated at 0.11 mM for term placenta, the results suggest that the high-affinity-low-activity conformer would predominate in vivo.

title: H.p.l.c. separation and study of the charge isomers of @entity0 placental XXXX transferase.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 transferase (GST) from @entity0 placenta was purified by affinity chromatography and anion-exchange h.p.l.c. The enzyme exhibited different chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviours according to the concentration of @entity2 , suggesting a possible change in the net charge of the molecule and a concomitant conformational change due to ligand binding. Two interconvertible forms were quantitatively separated into distinct catalytically active states by h.p.l.c. Depending upon the @entity2 concentration, @entity3 -gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of one or two bands. A Kd of 0.42 mM for @entity2 was determined fluorimetrically. The loss in intrinsic fluorescence also suggested a conformational change in the enzyme. Kinetic studies using @entity4 were conducted to determine whether the presumed conformational change could effect the catalytic capability of placental GST. A biphasic response in initial velocities was observed with increasing concentrations of @entity2 . Two apparent Km values of 0.38 and 50.27 mM were obtained for @entity2 , whereas Vmax. values showed a 46-fold difference. It was concluded that the enzyme assumes a highly anionic form in the presence of a low @entity2 concentration, whereas it is converted into relatively weaker anionic form when its immediate environment contains a high @entity2 concentration. Since the average tissue concentration of total @entity2 was estimated at 0.11 mM for term placenta, the results suggest that the high-affinity-low-activity conformer would predominate in vivo.

title: H.p.l.c. separation and study of the charge isomers of XXXX placental @entity1 transferase.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Receptor-mediated activation of many cells, including blood platelets, leads to changes at the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. In platelets, phospholipases, such as phospholipase C and @entity5 , have been shown to become activated. From phospholipids they generate the second messengers @entity4 and @entity9 (s) and @entity3 , respectively. At the same time, actin polymerization and reorganization of actin filaments into bundles and networks occurs. Here, the association of lipids, radiolabeled either with saturated ( @entity7 ) or unsaturated (arachidonic acid) fatty acids, with the cytoskeletons of resting and activated @entity0 blood platelets was studied. The relative binding of lipid components to the cytoskeleton of activated platelets labeled with @entity7 is six times higher than that of platelets labeled with @entity2 . Analysis of lipids associated with isolated cytoskeletons of resting and activated platelets (labeled with @entity7 ) showed a 30-fold increase in the binding of labeled lipids to the cytoskeletal structures during activation. Both @entity4 and @entity3 were found to be associated with the cytoskeleton of activated platelets. Gel filtration, chromatofocusing, and immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated tight binding of these lipids to @entity8 . @entity8 is one of the proteins that rapidly becomes associated with the cytoskeleton during @entity1 ; it is also one of the molecules proposed to act as an actin-membrane linker. The results reported indicate a possible participation of @entity8 , @entity3 , and the phosphoinositide-derived second messenger @entity4 in the regulation of cytoskeleton-membrane interactions. Together with the results of others they suggest a possible involvement of the @entity6 cycle in the assembly of actin filaments and their anchoring to membranes.

title: XXXX cycle and its possible involvement in the regulation of cytoskeleton-membrane interactions.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Recently, recombinant DNA methods have been successfully applied to interferon production, making adequate quantities available for both in vitro and in vivo testing. Although interferons are in the class of biologic response modifiers, they do have some direct cytotoxic effects on @entity0 @entity1 cells that can be quantitated in vitro with the colony-forming assay. In the clonogenic assay, RPMI-8226 @entity4 cells were tested with interferon alfa-2b (Intron A, Schering Corp., Kenilworth, NJ), @entity6 , @entity3 , and @entity2 . With concentrations of interferon alfa-2b as low as 1 U/ml (international antiviral activity), colony number was reduced to less than 30% of the untreated control cultures. Both @entity6 and @entity3 showed measurable cytotoxic activity, with the ID50 of @entity6 at 0.15 microgram/ml and that of @entity3 at 0.4 microgram/ml. @entity2 had the least cytotoxic effect when tested with these @entity4 cells as a single agent. Additive antiproliferative effects were noted with combinations of interferon alfa-2b plus @entity3 and interferon alfa-2b plus @entity2 . However, the interferon- @entity6 combination showed synergistic effects on @entity1 colony cell reduction. Even greater cytotoxic activity was seen with the three-drug combination of interferon alfa-2b, @entity6 , and @entity2 . Clinical trials have shown that interferon alfa-2b may be effective in relapsing and refractory @entity0 with @entity4 . Of 38 evaluable @entity0 , a total of seven responded to treatment; one @entity0 had a complete response, and six had a partial response. Three of the seven responders have continued to respond for over 33 months, with monoclonal proteins approaching undetectable levels. A pilot study of the feasibility of combining interferon alfa-2b with @entity6 and @entity2 in previously untreated @entity0 with @entity4 has been completed. It is concluded that interferon alfa-2b, in dosages not exceeding 2.0 X 10(6) IU/m2, can be safely given in combination with @entity6 and @entity2 , without compromising @entity6 dosage. Although response was not the primary objective of the study, an overall response of 75% was achieved using the criteria established by the @entity5 Task Force.

title: Interferons in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity0 biosynthesis in @entity1 has been studied by use of a series of @entity0 auxotrophs. The strains were isolated after chemical mutagenesis. The majority of these mutant strains were classified according to the enzymatic step found to be deficient. Specific enzyme assays as well as nutritional tests were used to group the organisms. The enzymes included were @entity2 synthetase, @entity2 reductase, @entity3 epimerase, and @entity3 decarboxylase. The accumulation of @entity3 in certain mutants and the demonstration of @entity2 synthetase and reductase provide the first detailed evidence that @entity1 utilizes the @entity3 pathway for @entity0 biosynthesis. A cell-free system was used to study the regulation of these enzymes with the exception of @entity3 epimerase. @entity0 repressed all of the enzymes tested. The repression appeared to be coordinate in nature. The data presented provide suggestive evidence that the @entity0 biosynthetic region in @entity1 constitutes an operon.

title: Biochemical characterization of @entity0 auxotrophs of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 biosynthesis in @entity1 has been studied by use of a series of @entity0 auxotrophs. The strains were isolated after chemical mutagenesis. The majority of these mutant strains were classified according to the enzymatic step found to be deficient. Specific enzyme assays as well as nutritional tests were used to group the organisms. The enzymes included were @entity2 synthetase, @entity2 reductase, @entity3 epimerase, and @entity3 decarboxylase. The accumulation of @entity3 in certain mutants and the demonstration of @entity2 synthetase and reductase provide the first detailed evidence that @entity1 utilizes the @entity3 pathway for @entity0 biosynthesis. A cell-free system was used to study the regulation of these enzymes with the exception of @entity3 epimerase. @entity0 repressed all of the enzymes tested. The repression appeared to be coordinate in nature. The data presented provide suggestive evidence that the @entity0 biosynthetic region in @entity1 constitutes an operon.

title: Biochemical characterization of XXXX auxotrophs of @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The osmotic phenotype of @entity2 is characterized by inhibition of growth at high osmolalities of growth medium. Mutations at six osmotic loci of linkage group I were examined to assess the biochemical and physiological effects of these mutants. Isolated cell walls from 23 osmotic strains were compared with the wild type with regard to quantitative levels of the following components: percentage of total dry weight, total @entity0 , alkali-soluble @entity0 , nonglucose @entity3 , @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity5 , and a compound tentatively identified as @entity6 . The last component has not previously been observed in @entity2 cell walls. Although the cell wall dry weight content of osmotic mutants was not altered, walls isolated from all of the osmotic strains had less alkali-insoluble @entity0 than those from the wild type. In addition, all of the loci except cut exhibited other consistent differences from the wild type. The os-1, os-3, and os-5 mutants had low levels of alkali-soluble @entity0 . The os-3 and os-5 mutants had high levels of nonglucose @entity3 , and flm-2 had a low level of nonglucose @entity3 . The os-4 mutants had low levels of @entity5 and @entity1 and high levels alkali-soluble @entity0 . An os-1 mutant, B135, produced less of the whole alkali-soluble fraction of the cell wall.

title: Locus-specific changes in cell wall composition characteristic of osmotic mutants of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathological characteristics of @entity8 (SCC) of the renal pelvis and SCC of the ureter. METHODS: The clinical data of two cases of @entity9 and SCC of the ureter were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. In case 1, a 68-year-old @entity0 with @entity6 for a month, imaging modalities revealed a right @entity5 and a right distal @entity10 . The @entity0 underwent nephroureterectomy and excision of the bladder cuff. Case 2, a 60-year-old @entity0 with the complaint of lower @entity4 and @entity7 for a month, was diagnosed as @entity11 in another hospital. Ureterolithotomy was performed and a @entity2 was found at the lower site of the stone intraoperatively. The pathological report demonstrated SCC, and the @entity0 was transferred to our hospital for further treatment. We found a left renal mass invading the left hemicolon during surgery, and nephroureterectomy was performed with a bladder cuff excision, left hemicolon resection, and also complete lymph node dissection. Neither of @entity0 received adjuvant radiotherapy/chemotherapy. RESULTS: Moderately differentiated SCC was reported in both of @entity3 in case 1 and the @entity2 invaded the subepithelial connective tissue in the renal pelvis and superficial muscle in the ureter. In case 2, moderately differentiated @entity9 with colon @entity1 and poorly differentiated SCC of the ureter was reported with two retroperitoneal lymph node @entity1 . The two @entity0 died from @entity2 recurrence and @entity1 5 and 6 months after the surgery, respectively. CONCLUSION: Synchronous SCC of the renal pelvis and SCC of the ureter are rare and has high likeliness of early recurrence and @entity1 , often with poor prognosis.

title: [Synchronous squamous cell @entity5 and XXXX : report of two cases and review of literature].

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathological characteristics of @entity8 (SCC) of the renal pelvis and SCC of the ureter. METHODS: The clinical data of two cases of @entity9 and SCC of the ureter were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. In case 1, a 68-year-old @entity0 with @entity6 for a month, imaging modalities revealed a right @entity5 and a right distal @entity10 . The @entity0 underwent nephroureterectomy and excision of the bladder cuff. Case 2, a 60-year-old @entity0 with the complaint of lower @entity4 and @entity7 for a month, was diagnosed as @entity11 in another hospital. Ureterolithotomy was performed and a @entity2 was found at the lower site of the stone intraoperatively. The pathological report demonstrated SCC, and the @entity0 was transferred to our hospital for further treatment. We found a left renal mass invading the left hemicolon during surgery, and nephroureterectomy was performed with a bladder cuff excision, left hemicolon resection, and also complete lymph node dissection. Neither of @entity0 received adjuvant radiotherapy/chemotherapy. RESULTS: Moderately differentiated SCC was reported in both of @entity3 in case 1 and the @entity2 invaded the subepithelial connective tissue in the renal pelvis and superficial muscle in the ureter. In case 2, moderately differentiated @entity9 with colon @entity1 and poorly differentiated SCC of the ureter was reported with two retroperitoneal lymph node @entity1 . The two @entity0 died from @entity2 recurrence and @entity1 5 and 6 months after the surgery, respectively. CONCLUSION: Synchronous SCC of the renal pelvis and SCC of the ureter are rare and has high likeliness of early recurrence and @entity1 , often with poor prognosis.

title: [Synchronous squamous cell XXXX and @entity8 : report of two cases and review of literature].

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM:    @entity4 is a complication that may occur after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of @entity1 . The goal of the present study was to investigate the incidence, risk factors and management of @entity1 after ESD. METHODS: The medical records of 308 @entity0 who underwent ESD for @entity1 were reviewed. @entity4 is defined as having symptoms caused by an obstruction through which a 1-cm diameter endoscopic fiber cannot be passed. RESULTS: @entity4 was identified in six of 308 @entity0 (1.9%). Three of the six lesions were located in the prepylorus, two cases in the antrum and one in the @entity3 . The mean longitudinal distance and the mean area of the resected specimens in the six cases with stricture (7.8    2.0 cm, 34.0    15.8cm(2) , respectively) was significantly larger than in those without stricture (4.5    1.4cm, 12.7    8.3cm(2) , respectively, P<0.01). The ratio of the resected circumference/whole circumference was 83.3  7.5% in those with stricture in comparison to 25.4    16.3% in those without stricture (P<0.01). All six @entity0 underwent @entity2 , and obtained relief from stricture. However, one @entity0 experienced a @entity1 and recovered following conservative therapy. CONCLUSION:    Sub-circumferential resection over 75% of the circumference by ESD in the prepylorus, antrum and @entity3 is a risk factor for the occurrence of stricture. Early intervention might be considered for this high-risk group to avoid a perforation during balloon dilation.

title: XXXX after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early @entity1 and adenomas.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM:    @entity4 is a complication that may occur after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of @entity1 . The goal of the present study was to investigate the incidence, risk factors and management of @entity1 after ESD. METHODS: The medical records of 308 @entity0 who underwent ESD for @entity1 were reviewed. @entity4 is defined as having symptoms caused by an obstruction through which a 1-cm diameter endoscopic fiber cannot be passed. RESULTS: @entity4 was identified in six of 308 @entity0 (1.9%). Three of the six lesions were located in the prepylorus, two cases in the antrum and one in the @entity3 . The mean longitudinal distance and the mean area of the resected specimens in the six cases with stricture (7.8    2.0 cm, 34.0    15.8cm(2) , respectively) was significantly larger than in those without stricture (4.5    1.4cm, 12.7    8.3cm(2) , respectively, P<0.01). The ratio of the resected circumference/whole circumference was 83.3  7.5% in those with stricture in comparison to 25.4    16.3% in those without stricture (P<0.01). All six @entity0 underwent @entity2 , and obtained relief from stricture. However, one @entity0 experienced a @entity1 and recovered following conservative therapy. CONCLUSION:    Sub-circumferential resection over 75% of the circumference by ESD in the prepylorus, antrum and @entity3 is a risk factor for the occurrence of stricture. Early intervention might be considered for this high-risk group to avoid a perforation during balloon dilation.

title: @entity4 after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early XXXX and adenomas.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 75-year-old @entity0 with general malaise and @entity7 was transferred to our hospital for assessment and treatment of @entity8 . Laboratory findings on admission showed @entity4 , and gastroduodenoscopy (GDS) revealed linear esophageal varices and tensive duodenal varices (DV) in the second portion of the duodenum. Systemic examinations did not reveal any significant lesion capable of explaining his @entity4 , except for DV. Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration was carried out to prevent DV @entity5 . Good pooling of sclerosant was observed using two balloon catheters. However, contrast-enhanced computed tomography after the procedure revealed no @entity6 in DV, and the @entity0 complained of tarry stools before additional therapy. Emergent GDS revealed @entity3 with fresh blood and erosions on the surface. Emergent endoscopic obliteration using the tissue adhesive @entity9 was carried out and complete hemostasis was achieved. Although no rebleeding episodes were observed after emergent obliteration, the @entity0 died of @entity1 following spontaneous @entity2 53 days after admission. Autopsy revealed that DV dropped out, and the deep vein was replaced by granulation tissue. No signs of thrombi were detected, except varices. This autopsy case revealed the difficulty in DV management.

title: Successful endoscopic hemostasis for XXXX after balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Current first line therapies target modulation of the @entity2 system. A large variety of agents are currently available that effectively alter @entity2 levels; however, approximately one third of @entity1 @entity0 remain treatment refractory after adequate trials of multiple @entity2 based therapies. Therefore, @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) may require modulation of pathways outside of the classic @entity2 system. The purpose of this review was thus to discuss novel targets for @entity5 , to describe their potential mechanisms of action, the available clinical evidence for these targets, the limitations of available evidence as well as future research directions. Several alternate pathways involved in the patho-etiology of @entity5 have been uncovered including the following: inflammatory pathways, the oxidative stress pathway, the @entity3 , the metabolic and bioenergetics system, neurotrophic pathways, the @entity4 system, the opioid system and the cholinergic system. For each of these systems, several targets have been assessed in preclinical and clinical models. Preclinical models strongly implicate these pathways in the patho-etiology of @entity1 . Clinical trials for @entity5 have been conducted for several novel targets; however, most of the trials discussed are small and several are uncontrolled. Therefore, further clinical trials are required to assess the true efficacy of these targets for @entity5 . As well, several promising novel agents have been clinically tested in @entity1 populations, but have yet to be assessed specifically for @entity5 . Thus, their applicability to @entity5 remains unknown.

title: Beyond XXXX -Novel Targets for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Comprehensive Review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Emergency department bedside ultrasonography (EUS) can expedite treatment for @entity0 . However, it is unknown how much experience is required for competency in the sonographic diagnosis of @entity3 and @entity2 . OBJECTIVES: The objective was to assess the learning curve of physicians training in right upper quadrant (RUQ) EUS. METHODS: This was a prospective study at an urban, academic emergency department from August 1999 to July 2006. @entity0 with suspected @entity1 underwent RUQ EUS followed by abdominal ultra sonography (AUS) by the Department of Radiology. Results of EUS were compared to AUS using a predesigned, standardized data sheet. RESULTS: A total of 1,837 @entity0 underwent EUS by 127 physicians. The overall sensitivity and specificity of EUS for @entity3 were 84% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 81% to 86%) and 86% (95% CI = 83% to 88%), respectively. The overall sensitivity of EUS for ductal dilation, gallbladder wall thickening, pericholecystic fluid, and sludge were each < 60%. When analyzing the EUS test characteristics, for every increase in 10 examinations up to 50 examinations, there was no significant improvement in the sensitivity or specificity for any of these sonographic findings. Moreover, on probit regression analysis, accounting for clustering or correlation among the examinations performed by each of the operators, there was no improvement for detecting any of the sonographic findings except for pericholecystic fluid for every 10 additional examinations performed. CONCLUSIONS: When adjusting for operator dependence, performing up to 50 EUS examinations appears to have little effect on the accuracy of RUQ EUS. Rather than simply requiring an arbitrary number of examinations, another method of competency assessment may be necessary.

title: The learning curve of resident physicians using emergency ultrasonography for @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Emergency department bedside ultrasonography (EUS) can expedite treatment for @entity0 . However, it is unknown how much experience is required for competency in the sonographic diagnosis of @entity3 and @entity2 . OBJECTIVES: The objective was to assess the learning curve of physicians training in right upper quadrant (RUQ) EUS. METHODS: This was a prospective study at an urban, academic emergency department from August 1999 to July 2006. @entity0 with suspected @entity1 underwent RUQ EUS followed by abdominal ultra sonography (AUS) by the Department of Radiology. Results of EUS were compared to AUS using a predesigned, standardized data sheet. RESULTS: A total of 1,837 @entity0 underwent EUS by 127 physicians. The overall sensitivity and specificity of EUS for @entity3 were 84% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 81% to 86%) and 86% (95% CI = 83% to 88%), respectively. The overall sensitivity of EUS for ductal dilation, gallbladder wall thickening, pericholecystic fluid, and sludge were each < 60%. When analyzing the EUS test characteristics, for every increase in 10 examinations up to 50 examinations, there was no significant improvement in the sensitivity or specificity for any of these sonographic findings. Moreover, on probit regression analysis, accounting for clustering or correlation among the examinations performed by each of the operators, there was no improvement for detecting any of the sonographic findings except for pericholecystic fluid for every 10 additional examinations performed. CONCLUSIONS: When adjusting for operator dependence, performing up to 50 EUS examinations appears to have little effect on the accuracy of RUQ EUS. Rather than simply requiring an arbitrary number of examinations, another method of competency assessment may be necessary.

title: The learning curve of resident physicians using emergency ultrasonography for XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 is a manifestation of aberrant cellular proliferation, and the cell cycle is one of the most successfully drugged targets in oncology. No prior study has been reported that simultaneously targets the three principal cell cycle phases populated by proliferating cells - G1, S, and G2/M. METHODS: @entity6 (G1 inhibitor), @entity5 (S inhibitor), and @entity4 (G2/M inhibitor) were administered in combination to @entity0 with advanced @entity1 using a 3+3 dose escalation schedule to assess the safety and establish the maximum tolerated dose (primary endpoints) of this cell cycle targeting approach. An in silico pharmacodynamic model using established effects of each of these agents on the cell cycle was used to validate the regimen and to guide the dosing regimen. RESULTS: Sixty-two subjects were enrolled. The most common adverse events and dose-limiting @entity2 were @entity3 , consistent with the cell cycle targeting approach employed. All @entity3 resolved to baseline values upon holding study drug administration. The maximum tolerated dose was @entity6 15  mg/kg IV D1, 8, 15; topotecan 2.8  mg/m(2) IV D1, 8; and @entity4 0.9  mg/m(2) IV D1, 4, 8, 11 of a 21-day cycle. In silico modeling suggests the regimen induces cell population shifts from G2/M and S phases to G1 phase and the quiescent G0 phase. Eighteen percent of subjects (11/62) achieved partial response (n=2, serous ovarian and papillary thyroid) or stable disease for > 6  months (n=9). CONCLUSION: Combining drugs with inhibitory activity of G1 phase, S phase, and G2/M phase is safe and warrants further evaluation.

title: Novel Phase I Study Combining G1 Phase, S Phase, and G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Inhibitors in XXXX with Advanced Malignancies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The 2014 guidelines endorsed by Society of Surgical Oncology, the American Society of Breast Surgeons, and the American Society for Radiation Oncology advocate "no ink on @entity1 " as the new margin requirement for breast-conserving therapy (BCT). We used our lumpectomy margins database from 2004 to 2006 to predict the effect of these new guidelines on BCT. METHODS: @entity0 with neoadjuvant therapy, pure @entity4 -in situ, or incomplete margin data were excluded. We applied new ("no ink on @entity1 ") and old (>= 2  mm) margin guidelines and compared rates of positive margins, reexcision, and rates of @entity3 found at reexcision. RESULTS: A total of 437 lumpectomy surgeries met the eligibility criteria. Eighty-six percent had @entity4 , 12  % @entity5 , and 2  % @entity4 and @entity5 . Using a >= 2  mm margin standard, 36  % of lumpectomies had positive margins compared to 18  % using new guidelines (p  <  0.0001). Seventy-seven percent of @entity0 with "ink on @entity1 " had @entity3 found at reexcision. Fifty percent of subjects with margins <2  mm had @entity3 (p  =  0.0013) but would not have undergone reexcision under the new guidelines. With margins of >= 2  mm, @entity2 was seen in the shaved margins of 14  % of lumpectomies. @entity2 was more common in reexcisions for @entity4 -in situ <2  mm from a margin than for invasive @entity1 (53 vs. 40  %), although this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Use of new lumpectomy margin guidelines would have reduced reoperation for BCT by half in our @entity0 cohort. However, @entity3 was present in many @entity0 who would not have been reexcised with the new guidelines. Long-term follow-up of local recurrence rates is needed to determine if this increase in @entity3 is clinically significant.

title: Implications of New Lumpectomy Margin Guidelines for Breast-Conserving Surgery: Changes in Reexcision Rates and Predicted Rates of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) treated with urokinase suffer less from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) than those treated with simple drainage. However, the role of intrapleural urokinase in free-flowing @entity2 @entity0 remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 318 @entity0 with presumed @entity2 were screened. The final 171 @entity0 who participated in the study were randomly allocated to the urokinase group (n = 86) and the control group (n = 85). Personalised doses of urokinase were infused via a catheter. This procedure was repeated every 24 h until the volume of pleural fluid obtained was less than 50 ml after three injections. Changes in lung function and @entity1 were recorded and compared between both groups periodically for 24 weeks. RESULTS: Seven @entity0 (9.1%) had restrictive functional sequelae in the control group, while no @entity0 in the urokinase group suffered from sequelae (P < 0.05). The incidence of @entity1 (   10 mm) was 0 for the urokinase group and 9.1% for the control group (P < 0.05). A lower percentage of @entity0 treated with intrapleural urokinase had blunted costophrenic angle than controls (5.1% vs.19.5%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with free-flowing @entity2 treated with urokinase suffered less from @entity1 than those treated with drainage.

title: Treatment of free-flowing XXXX with intrapleural urokinase.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The clinical benefits of targeting the ventral intermediate nucleus ( @entity2 ) for the treatment of @entity1 in essential @entity1 (ET) @entity0 suggest that the @entity2 is a key hub in the network of @entity1 generation and propagation and that the @entity2 can be considered as a seed region to study the @entity1 network. However, little is known about the central @entity1 network in ET @entity0 . Twenty-six ET @entity0 and 26 matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. After considering structural and head-motion factors and establishing the accuracy of our seed region, a @entity2 seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) data was performed to characterize the @entity2 FC network in ET @entity0 . We found that ET @entity0 and HCs shared a similar @entity2 FC network that was generally consistent with the @entity2 anatomical connectivity network inferred from normal nonhuman primates and healthy @entity0 . Compared with HCs, ET @entity0 displayed @entity2 -related FC changes, primarily within the @entity2 -motor cortex (MC)-cerebellum (CBLM) circuit, which included decreased FC in the CBLM and increased FC in the MC. Importantly, @entity1 severity correlated with these FC changes. These findings provide the first evidence that the pathological @entity1 observed in ET @entity0 might be based on a physiologically pre-existing @entity2 - MC - CBLM network and that disruption of FC in this physiological network is associated with ET. Further, these findings demonstrate a potential approach for elucidating the neural network mechanisms underlying this disease. Hum Brain Mapp, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Essential XXXX is associated with disruption of functional connectivity in the ventral intermediate Nucleus-Motor Cortex-Cerebellum circuit.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: More and more microRNA (miRNA) are found to be involved in @entity1 genesis and progress. @entity4 has been an effective chemotherapeutic drug in @entity1 therapy for many years. In this study, we aimed to find the miRNA involved in the mechanisms of @entity4 treatment in @entity1 therapy. METHODS: We detected the expression profile of miRNA by miRNA microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability assay, flow cytometry analysis, prediction of miRNA targets, Western blot analysis and luciferase reporter assay were carried out to determine the role of one selected miRNA, namely @entity3 , in affecting the biological behaviors of HepG-2 cells. RESULTS: Among the 677 @entity0 miRNA in the microarray, five miRNA were upregulated and four were downregulated in HepG-2 cells treated with @entity4 compared to their controls. If only changes above two folds were considered, four miRNA were identified, namely miR-24, @entity3 , @entity6 and @entity5 , which were all upregulated. Among them, @entity3 showed a positive therapeutic effect in @entity2 cells by inhibiting cell growth and inducing cell apoptosis, and @entity7 was confirmed to be the target gene of @entity3 . Furthermore, a synergy effect was detected between @entity3 and @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 altered miRNA expression profile in HepG-2 cells. Among the altered miRNA, @entity3 seemed to take a role in the mechanism of @entity4 in @entity2 therapy. The synergy effect between @entity3 and @entity4 may offer this drug a new chance in @entity1 therapy by decreasing its dose and toxic side-effects.

title: microRNA expression alteration after XXXX treatment in HepG-2 cells.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined the effect of chronic angiotensin ( @entity7 ) @entity1 on activity of post-ganglionic renal sympathetic units to determine whether altered whole renal nerve activity is due to recruitment or changes in firing frequency. @entity0 were treated with low (20ng/kg/min, 8  weeks) or high (50ng/kg/min, 4  weeks) dose @entity7 before the experiment under @entity5 - @entity6 anaesthesia. Spontaneously active units were detected from multi-unit recordings using an algorithm that separated units by action potential shape using templates that matched spikes within a prescribed standard deviation. Multi-unit sympathetic nerve activity was 40% higher in low dose @entity7 than sham (P  =  0.012) but not different in high @entity7 @entity0 . Resting firing frequency was similar in sham (1.00      0.09  spikes/s, n  =  144) and high @entity7 @entity0 (1.10      0.08  spikes/s, n  =  112) but was lower with low @entity7 (0.65      0.08  spikes/s, n  =  149, P<0.05). Unit firing rhythmicity was linked to the cardiac cycle and was similar in sham and low @entity7 groups but 29-32% lower in high @entity7 @entity0 (P<0.001). Cardiac linkage followed a similar pattern during @entity2 . All units showed baroreceptor dependency. @entity3 and range were reduced and curves shifted to the right in @entity7 groups. Firing frequency during @entity2 increased by +39% in low @entity7 and +82% in shams but the greatest increase was in the high @entity7 group (+103%, Pdose  =   0.001). Responses to @entity4 were similar in all groups. Increases in sympathetic outflow in low dose chronic @entity7 @entity1 are due to recruitment of neurons but high dose @entity7 increases firing frequency to chemoreceptor stimuli independently of the arterial baroreceptors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Characteristics of renal sympathetic nerve single units in XXXX with angiotensin-induced @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined the effect of chronic angiotensin ( @entity7 ) @entity1 on activity of post-ganglionic renal sympathetic units to determine whether altered whole renal nerve activity is due to recruitment or changes in firing frequency. @entity0 were treated with low (20ng/kg/min, 8  weeks) or high (50ng/kg/min, 4  weeks) dose @entity7 before the experiment under @entity5 - @entity6 anaesthesia. Spontaneously active units were detected from multi-unit recordings using an algorithm that separated units by action potential shape using templates that matched spikes within a prescribed standard deviation. Multi-unit sympathetic nerve activity was 40% higher in low dose @entity7 than sham (P  =  0.012) but not different in high @entity7 @entity0 . Resting firing frequency was similar in sham (1.00      0.09  spikes/s, n  =  144) and high @entity7 @entity0 (1.10      0.08  spikes/s, n  =  112) but was lower with low @entity7 (0.65      0.08  spikes/s, n  =  149, P<0.05). Unit firing rhythmicity was linked to the cardiac cycle and was similar in sham and low @entity7 groups but 29-32% lower in high @entity7 @entity0 (P<0.001). Cardiac linkage followed a similar pattern during @entity2 . All units showed baroreceptor dependency. @entity3 and range were reduced and curves shifted to the right in @entity7 groups. Firing frequency during @entity2 increased by +39% in low @entity7 and +82% in shams but the greatest increase was in the high @entity7 group (+103%, Pdose  =   0.001). Responses to @entity4 were similar in all groups. Increases in sympathetic outflow in low dose chronic @entity7 @entity1 are due to recruitment of neurons but high dose @entity7 increases firing frequency to chemoreceptor stimuli independently of the arterial baroreceptors. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Characteristics of renal sympathetic nerve single units in @entity0 with angiotensin-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Mast cell infiltration of the arterial wall has been demonstrated in atherosclerotic vessels and implicated in @entity4 . @entity2 of vein bypass grafts has also been reported. In this study we performed vein bypass grafting of the carotid arteries in @entity0 and examined the grafts for the presence of mast cells. We also determined vein graft vasoreactivity to @entity1 , to assess whether mediators of mast cells may have a functional role in vivo. In the control veins no mast cells were identified in 80 high-power fields (400X). In the vein bypass grafts an average of 2.6 +/- 0.8 (p = 0.01) mast cells were identified in the same number of high-power fields. Isometric tension studies of control vein and vein bypass grafts treated with @entity1 resulted in sigmoid dose-response curves. The ED50 for control vein was 4.69 +/- 0.63 X 10(-5) mol/L. Compared with control vein, the vein bypass grafts showed a rightward shift in the dose-response curve to @entity1 (ED50 11.6 +/- 1.7 X 10(-5) mol/L, p = 0.01). The histaminergic response in both vessels was blocked by the H1 receptor antagonist @entity6 (10(-7) mol/L) and was not altered by the H2 receptor antagonist @entity5 (10(-5) mol/L). The decreased sensitivity of vein bypass grafts to @entity1 suggests receptor down-regulation and is possibly the result of increased @entity1 in the vein bypass grafts. The presence of mast cells and @entity1 receptors, as well as altered @entity1 sensitivity, in vein bypass grafts suggests that infiltration by these cells may contribute to vein bypass graft @entity3 .

title: Mast cell infiltration: a possible mechanism for vein graft XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The synthetic vasopressin analog @entity9 ( @entity9 ) has been shown to influence a wide range of cell-membrane-related events. Accordingly, the effect of @entity9 on membrane transport of various alkylating agents and @entity6 was evaluated in L5178Y lymphoblasts in vitro. @entity9 stimulated melphalan uptake but conversely inhibited uptake of @entity7 mustard, @entity8 (the natural transport substrate for the @entity7 mustard carrier), and @entity2 . No effect on the uptake of @entity4 or @entity5 was observed. Increased melphalan uptake was due to effects on both substrate influx and efflux. The effect of @entity9 on melphalan influx was particularly complex: @entity9 stimulated melphalan influx by @entity3 transport system ASC but inhibited influx by system L, resulting in a net increase in unidirectional drug influx. Melphalan efflux was inhibited by @entity9 . Decreased uptake of @entity7 mustard, @entity8 and @entity2 was due, at least in part, to decreased substrate influx. However, the mechanisms of inhibition were dissimilar: inhibition of substrate influx was non-competitive for @entity8 but competitive for @entity2 . In conclusion, @entity9 induced diverse but apparently specific effects on membrane transport of several alkylating agents and @entity6 . Since the accumulation of alkylating agents such as melphalan within @entity0 cells is a major determinant of @entity1 , @entity9 may have a role as a biological response modifier.

title: Modulation of membrane transport of alkylating agents and XXXX by an analog of vasopressin in murine L5178Y lymphoblasts in vitro.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Sacral @entity3 is a rare low-to-intermediate grade malignant @entity2 . The mainstay of treatment is still surgery with en bloc and wide resection margins, which can grant the best chances of a long-term control or cure of this disease. The first aim of this paper is to collect data about survival, time to local recurrence and @entity1 among @entity0 affected by sacral @entity3 and primarily treated with surgery. The second aim is to analyze the influence of level resection, @entity2 volume and surgical margins on local recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population was composed of 14 @entity0 treated with sacral @entity3 resection at the National @entity2 Institute of Naples-Pascale (Italy) from January 2000 to June 2013. The median follow-up was 84  months (range 24-132  months). The follow-up was characterized by: standard radiographs, MRI, and a CT scan of the chest annually. Time to recurrence or @entity1 was calculated from the date of resection to the date of diagnosis of first recurrence or @entity1 . RESULTS: Out of all the @entity0 , six died (42.86  %) during the follow-up; 6 (42.86  %) had local recurrence; 4 (28.57  %) had @entity1 . At univariate analysis wide surgical margins (R0) were associated with increased survival up to a local recurrence (OR  =  0.0286; 95  % CI  =  0.0014-0.5739; P  =  0.026); the level of resection (OR  =  3.33; 95  % CI  =  0.3619-30.7025; P  =  0.592) and @entity2 volume (P  =  1) did not show a statistically significant correlation. DISCUSSION: Based on our experience, we hope all @entity0 to be treated by surgery, the only good standard treatment of this disease. The resection should result in margins as wide as possible. For these reasons, it is essential for this disease to be treated in highly specialized centres because only a complete surgery can offer a chance to care for these @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Solid survival at long-term follow-up can be achieved by a surgical resection performed with wide margins.

title: Surgical treatment of sacral XXXX : survival and prognostic factors.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The Surgical Endoscopy Service has been aggressively evaluating @entity4 with colonoscopy and screening asymptomatic @entity0 with flexible sigmoidoscopy in hopes of finding early curable @entity2 . The purpose of this study was to compare the stages of @entity2 resected during the 18-month period prior to (Pre-SES) and during the first 18 months (Post-SES) after the creation of the Surgical Endoscopy Service. In addition, the yield of lesions that would have been obtained by depending upon @entity0 symptoms or occult blood testing were determined. A total of 361 colonoscopies were performed Pre-SES and 874 colonoscopies Post-SES; 26 @entity0 underwent resection of @entity2 Pre-SES and 32 Post-SES. Whereas early @entity2 (Dukes' A and B1) were found in only three @entity0 (12%) Pre-SES period, early @entity1 were found in 13 (41%) Post-SES. Doubling the number of colonoscopies produced a fourfold increase in the number of @entity3 . Furthermore, disseminated @entity1 (D lesions) dropped from 19% Pre-SES to 3% Post-SES. Among the total 58 @entity0 , 43% of the A lesions and 40% of the B1 lesions were asymptomatic. Even more alarming, 86% of the A lesions, 50% of the B1 lesions, 31% of the B2 lesions, and 14% of the C2 lesions were occult blood negative. Indeed, only the D lesions were uniformly occult blood positive. This study demonstrates that aggressive colonoscopy detects early @entity2 . Moreover, @entity0 symptoms or occult blood testing will fail to indicate the majority of early @entity2 .

title: Colonoscopic detection of early XXXX . Impact of a surgical endoscopy service.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The interactions between earthworms and microorganisms activity has prompted several researchers to evaluate the potential of artificially inoculating vermicomposts with additional specific microbes, with the intention of enhancing the vermicomposting process. This study evaluated the potential of inoculating @entity0 ash (F)- @entity1 dung-paper waste (CP) mixture (F-CP) with a specialized microbial cocktail called Effective micro-organisms (EM) during vermicomposting using Eisenia fetida earthworms. Inoculation with EM alone did not result in significantly (P>0.05) different changes in C/N ratio and dissolved organic matter (DOC) compared to the control with no EM and E. fetida. A significant interaction between EM and E. fetida presence resulted in greater changes in C/N ratio and DOC, which were not statistically different from the E. fetida alone treatment. It was also noteworthy that the activity of   -Glucosidase was not influenced by the presence of EM, but was significantly influenced (P=0.0014) by the presence of E. fetida. However, the EM+E. fetida treatment resulted in a rate of weekly Olsen P release of 54.32mgkg(-1) which was 12.3%, 89.2% and 228.0% more that the E. fetida alone, EM alone and control treatments, respectively. Similarly, though higher in the E. fetida plus EM treatment, the @entity3 solubilizing bacteria counts were not significantly different (P>0.05) from the E. fetida alone treatment. It is concluded that inoculation of F-CP composts with EM alone may not be beneficial, while combining EM with E. fetida results in faster compost maturity and significantly greater Olsen P release. It would be interesting to evaluate higher optimized rates of EM inoculation and fortifying EM cocktails with @entity3 solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on F-CP vermicompost degradation and @entity2 mineralization.

title: Potential of Effective micro-organisms and Eisenia fetida in enhancing vermi-degradation and nutrient release of XXXX ash incorporated into @entity1 dung-paper waste mixture.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The interactions between earthworms and microorganisms activity has prompted several researchers to evaluate the potential of artificially inoculating vermicomposts with additional specific microbes, with the intention of enhancing the vermicomposting process. This study evaluated the potential of inoculating @entity0 ash (F)- @entity1 dung-paper waste (CP) mixture (F-CP) with a specialized microbial cocktail called Effective micro-organisms (EM) during vermicomposting using Eisenia fetida earthworms. Inoculation with EM alone did not result in significantly (P>0.05) different changes in C/N ratio and dissolved organic matter (DOC) compared to the control with no EM and E. fetida. A significant interaction between EM and E. fetida presence resulted in greater changes in C/N ratio and DOC, which were not statistically different from the E. fetida alone treatment. It was also noteworthy that the activity of   -Glucosidase was not influenced by the presence of EM, but was significantly influenced (P=0.0014) by the presence of E. fetida. However, the EM+E. fetida treatment resulted in a rate of weekly Olsen P release of 54.32mgkg(-1) which was 12.3%, 89.2% and 228.0% more that the E. fetida alone, EM alone and control treatments, respectively. Similarly, though higher in the E. fetida plus EM treatment, the @entity3 solubilizing bacteria counts were not significantly different (P>0.05) from the E. fetida alone treatment. It is concluded that inoculation of F-CP composts with EM alone may not be beneficial, while combining EM with E. fetida results in faster compost maturity and significantly greater Olsen P release. It would be interesting to evaluate higher optimized rates of EM inoculation and fortifying EM cocktails with @entity3 solubilizing bacteria (PSB) on F-CP vermicompost degradation and @entity2 mineralization.

title: Potential of Effective micro-organisms and Eisenia fetida in enhancing vermi-degradation and nutrient release of @entity0 ash incorporated into XXXX dung-paper waste mixture.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The two most significant impediments to renal allograft survival are rejection and the direct nephrotoxicity of the immunosuppressant drugs required to prevent it. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), a mainstay of most immunosuppression regimens, are particularly nephrotoxic. Until less toxic antirejection agents become available, the only option is to optimize our use of those at hand. AIM: To determine whether intensive rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG) induction followed by CNI withdrawal would individually or combined improve graft function and reduce graft chronic histopathology-surrogates for graft and, therefore, @entity0 survival. As previously reported, a single large rATG dose over 24 hours was well-tolerated and associated with better renal function, fewer @entity1 , and improved @entity0 survival. Here we report testing whether complete CNI discontinuation would improve renal function and decrease graft pathology. METHODS: Between April 20, 2004 and 4-14-2009 we conducted a prospective, randomized, non-blinded renal transplantation trial of two rATG dosing protocols (single dose, 6 mg/kg vs. divided doses, 1.5 mg/kg every other day x 4; target enrollment = 180). Subsequent maintenance immunosuppression consisted of @entity4 , a CNI, and @entity5 , a @entity0 target of @entity5 inhibitor. We report here the outcome of converting @entity0 after six months either to minimized @entity4 / @entity5 or @entity3 / @entity5 . Primary endpoints were graft function and chronic histopathology from protocol kidney biopsies at 12 and 24 months. RESULTS: CNI withdrawal (on-treatment analysis) associated with better graft function (p <0.001) and lower chronic histopathology composite scores in protocol biopsies at 12 (p = 0.003) and 24 (p = 0.013) months, without affecting @entity0 (p = 0.81) or graft (p = 0.93) survival, or rejection rate (p = 0.17). CONCLUSION: CNI ( @entity4 ) withdrawal at six months may provide a strategy for decreased nephrotoxicity and improved long-term function in @entity2 -free low immunological risk renal transplant @entity0 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00556933.

title: A Randomized 2x2 Factorial Clinical Trial of Renal Transplantation: XXXX -Free Maintenance Immunosuppression with Calcineurin Inhibitor Withdrawal after Six Months Associates with Improved Renal Function and Reduced Chronic Histopathology.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 resistance to antibiotics is the main cause for eradication failures. METHODS: Antibiotic resistance in 299 @entity5 strains from 233 untreated adults, 26 treated adults, and 40 untreated @entity0 was assessed by E tests and, for @entity3 , by breakpoint susceptibility testing and two breakpoint systems. RESULTS: Using EUCAST breakpoints (EBPs) and previous breakpoints (PBPs), overall resistance rates were: @entity1 4.0 and 0.6%, @entity3 33.8 and 33.8%, @entity8 28.1 and 27.4%, @entity9 19.4 and 19.4%, @entity2 3.7 and 1.5%, respectively, and @entity4 8.3% (EBP). Multidrug resistance was detected in treated and untreated adults and an untreated @entity0 and included 17 (EBPs) and 15 strains (PBPs). Differences between susceptibility categories were found for @entity1 (3.5% of strains), @entity8 (0.7%), and @entity2 (2.2%). Using PBPs, from 2005-2007 to 2010-2015, overall primary @entity8 resistance continued to increase (17.9-25.6%) as noted in our previous study. However, in 2010-2015, overall primary @entity3 (24.0-31.5%) and @entity7 (7.6-18.3%) resistance rates also increased. Primary resistance rates in @entity0 and adults were comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Briefly, differences in resistance rates by the two breakpoint systems affected the results for three antibiotics. National antibiotic consumption was linked to @entity10 resistance in adults. Current primary @entity5 resistance to three antibiotics increased in all untreated @entity0 and in the untreated adults, with the sharpest rise for the @entity6 . The presence of fivefold @entity5 resistance to @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity2 , @entity9 , and @entity1 according to EBPs is alarming.

title: XXXX resistance to six antibiotics by two breakpoint systems and resistance evolution in Bulgaria.

answer: @entity5


abstract: After breaking through thin ice, a 4-year-old @entity0 drowned in a lake. A quickly alerted rescue helicopter found and recovered the @entity0 , drifting underneath the clear, thin ice. Primary resuscitation by the helicopter crew was unsuccessful. Upon arrival in the hospital the @entity0 had fixed, dilated pupils and @entity2 . Core temperature was 19.8 degrees C. Rewarming was conducted slowly while cardiopulmonary resuscitation was continued. Twenty minutes after arrival at the hospital, ventricular complexes appeared in the ECG (temperature 22.1 degrees C); after another 10 min this converted to sinus rhythm. At short intervals, blood gas analyses and electrolyte determinations were carried out and corrected adequately. For cerebral protection methohexital was given and the @entity0 was hyperventilated. Seventy minutes after arrival at the hospital the @entity0 was brought to the pediatric ICU with stable circulation. There, further rewarming (centrally/peripherally combined) was carried out, aiming at 1 degree C rewarming per hour until a normal temperature was reached. The @entity0 had to be kept on the ventilator for 10 days and after another 2 weeks was discharged home. He had recovered completely without any @entity1 . One of the reasons why 88 min of @entity2 were tolerated by this @entity0 without sequelae may have been rapid and deep @entity3 .

title: [Successful resuscitation in XXXX following drowning].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The Eimer's organ and adjacent structures and their changes after infraorbital axotomy was examined with LM, TEM and SEM in the @entity2 , @entity2 . Approximately 3,000 of Eimer's organ covers the hairless snout tip of this animal. It protrudes to the corium from epidermis, and consists of column-shaped core and the cylindrical peripheral structures. About a dozen of naked fibers ascend vertically in the core; one or a few of them runs amidst the core and the others along its circumferential part. Each fiber has shelf-like endings one in each of 5 to 7 succeeding cells in the upper part of the core. At the uppermost part of the core structure is an opaque degenerating cell. Neurites were considered to grow up with the epidermal cells to which their endings are attached. This pattern of nerve ending was clearly observed for the first time in this study. Usually 3 Merkel cells lie at the base of an Eimer's organ contacting with a soup-plate-shape nerve terminal. In the dermis, an encapsulated corpuscle enveloping a nerve endings is found underneath each Eimer's organ. After axotomy, @entity1 and their endings totally disappeared from Eimer's organ in a week. Perforation in the domes, flattening of the dome surface, and @entity0 of the encapsulated corpuscles appeared on the transected side. In addition to this, several features of @entity0 also appeared on the contralateral side. It might be considered as an effect of disuse from the disorders of the other side.

title: Ultrastructure of the Eimer's organs of the XXXX , @entity2 (Insectivora, Mammalia) and their changes following infraorbital axotomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The Eimer's organ and adjacent structures and their changes after infraorbital axotomy was examined with LM, TEM and SEM in the @entity2 , @entity2 . Approximately 3,000 of Eimer's organ covers the hairless snout tip of this animal. It protrudes to the corium from epidermis, and consists of column-shaped core and the cylindrical peripheral structures. About a dozen of naked fibers ascend vertically in the core; one or a few of them runs amidst the core and the others along its circumferential part. Each fiber has shelf-like endings one in each of 5 to 7 succeeding cells in the upper part of the core. At the uppermost part of the core structure is an opaque degenerating cell. Neurites were considered to grow up with the epidermal cells to which their endings are attached. This pattern of nerve ending was clearly observed for the first time in this study. Usually 3 Merkel cells lie at the base of an Eimer's organ contacting with a soup-plate-shape nerve terminal. In the dermis, an encapsulated corpuscle enveloping a nerve endings is found underneath each Eimer's organ. After axotomy, @entity1 and their endings totally disappeared from Eimer's organ in a week. Perforation in the domes, flattening of the dome surface, and @entity0 of the encapsulated corpuscles appeared on the transected side. In addition to this, several features of @entity0 also appeared on the contralateral side. It might be considered as an effect of disuse from the disorders of the other side.

title: Ultrastructure of the Eimer's organs of the @entity2 , XXXX (Insectivora, Mammalia) and their changes following infraorbital axotomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A sampling and analytical method for the measurement of @entity2 ( @entity1 ) short-term exposure limits (STEL) was validated under both laboratory and field conditions. These studies were designed to examine the method against both the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) @entity1 permissible exposure limit (PEL) method requirements and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) industrial hygiene method validation criteria. The method's pooled accuracy was shown to be within both OSHA requirements and NIOSH guidelines. The @entity1 was collected on a JXC charcoal tube at a sample flow rate of 100 mL/min for 15 min. The samples were shipped on dry ice and were stored in a freezer until analyzed. The @entity1 was desorbed by @entity0 and the eluent was analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The desorption efficiency of @entity1 from JXC charcoal tubes was determined to be 84% over the 15-min time-weighted average concentrations: 2.5, 5.0 and 10 ppm @entity1 . The method limit of detection was determined to be 1.0 ppm. The coefficient of variation of the combined sampling and analytical method was 5.7%. A -7% method bias was calculated. Field validation of the method included data from a portable GC-FID for the determination of method bias. Results of the field validation study over the concentration range of 2.4 ppm to 19.9 ppm generated a field precision of 8.1% with an absolute bias of 3.9%. The method accuracy was determined to be +/- 20%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Laboratory and field validation of a JXC charcoal sampling and analytical method for monitoring short-term exposures to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Multidrug-resistant @entity0 is a major threat in healthcare settings. The use of antimicrobials can influence the incidence of resistant strains by direct and indirect mechanisms. The latter can be addressed by ecological studies. METHODS: Our group attempted to analyze the relation between the use of antipseudomonal drugs and the incidence of MDR-PA among 18 units from a 400-bed teaching hospital. The study had a retrospective, ecological design, comprising data from 2004 and 2005. Data on the use of four antimicrobials ( @entity3 , @entity1 , @entity4 and @entity2 ) were tested for correlation with the incidence of MDR-PA (defined as isolates resistant to the four antimicrobials of interest) in clinical cultures. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Significant correlations were determined between use and resistance for all antimicrobials in the univariate analysis: @entity3 (standardized correlation coefficient = 0.73, p = 0.001); @entity1 (0.71, p = 0.001); @entity4 (0.61, p = 0.007) and @entity2 (0.87, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, only @entity2 (0.67, p = 0.01) was independently related to the incidence of multidrug-resistant strains. CONCLUSIONS: These findings share similarities with those reported in individual-based observational studies, with possible implications for infection control.

title: Antimicrobial use and incidence of multidrug-resistant XXXX in a teaching hospital: an ecological approach.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transvesical port refers to the method of accessing the abdominal cavity through a natural orifice (i.e., urethra) under endoscopic visualization. Since its introduction in 2006, various reports have been published describing different surgical interventions using a @entity1 in a porcine model. The aim of this study was to test the access and feasibility of peritoneoscopy by using a @entity1 in a @entity0 male cadaver. METHODS: Two adult male cadavers were used to perform the procedures. A @entity1 was used for the creation of transvesical access into the peritoneal cavity. Peritoneoscopy, liver biopsy, and identification and manipulation of the ileocecal appendix were performed. RESULTS: Transvesical access into the peritoneal cavity was quickly established. The @entity1 easily allowed visualization of the abdominal cavity with good image quality. Liver biopsy and manipulation of ileocecal appendix were carried out without difficulties. CONCLUSIONS: Peritoneoscopy, liver biopsy, and @entity2 using a @entity1 through a transvesical port is feasible in a cadaver model. The development of a specific rigid scope for the transvesical port might herald a promising future for this NOTES access.

title: Transvesical peritoneoscopy with rigid scope: feasibility study in XXXX male cadaver.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The present study examined the functional profile of dendritic cells (DCs) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and the effects of @entity8 on the function of DCs. A total of 40 @entity0 who was recently diagnosed as having @entity2 were equally assigned to two groups: the routine treatment group (group R) and the routine treatment plus @entity8 group (group R+S). Twenty healthy individuals served as control. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated before and 4 weeks after the treatment and then cultured with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) to prepare mature DCs. The expression of co-stimulating factor @entity7 on the surface of DCs was assessed by flow cytometry. And the stimulating capacity of DCs was measured by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The contents of cytokines in culture supernatants of DCs in MLR were detected by ELISA. Blood lipids and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were detected. The relationship between the expression of @entity7 and the blood CRP level was also investigated. The results showed that, as compared with the control group, the @entity7 expression and the level of cytokines secreted by DCs were significantly increased in @entity2 @entity0 and greater stimulating capacity of DCs in MLR was demonstrated in @entity2 @entity0 . T lymphocytes in MLR secreted higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines ( @entity5 , @entity10 , @entity3 and INF-y) and lower level of anti- @entity1 cytokine ( @entity4 ). The function of DCs was markedly weakened and the level of hs-CRP and low-density lipoprotein was substantially lowered in group R+S in comparison to group R. The @entity7 expression was positively correlated with hs-CRP. It was concluded that DCs in @entity2 are highly activated and DC-initiated immune reaction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity2 . @entity8 administration can significantly inhibit the DCs function and reduce the level of hs-CRP, indicating the suppression on inflammatory reaction may be one of the mechanisms by which @entity8 exerts its effect in treating @entity2 .

title: Effects of XXXX on the function of dendritic cells in @entity0 with rheumatic arthritis.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The present study examined the functional profile of dendritic cells (DCs) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and the effects of @entity8 on the function of DCs. A total of 40 @entity0 who was recently diagnosed as having @entity2 were equally assigned to two groups: the routine treatment group (group R) and the routine treatment plus @entity8 group (group R+S). Twenty healthy individuals served as control. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated before and 4 weeks after the treatment and then cultured with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) to prepare mature DCs. The expression of co-stimulating factor @entity7 on the surface of DCs was assessed by flow cytometry. And the stimulating capacity of DCs was measured by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The contents of cytokines in culture supernatants of DCs in MLR were detected by ELISA. Blood lipids and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were detected. The relationship between the expression of @entity7 and the blood CRP level was also investigated. The results showed that, as compared with the control group, the @entity7 expression and the level of cytokines secreted by DCs were significantly increased in @entity2 @entity0 and greater stimulating capacity of DCs in MLR was demonstrated in @entity2 @entity0 . T lymphocytes in MLR secreted higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines ( @entity5 , @entity10 , @entity3 and INF-y) and lower level of anti- @entity1 cytokine ( @entity4 ). The function of DCs was markedly weakened and the level of hs-CRP and low-density lipoprotein was substantially lowered in group R+S in comparison to group R. The @entity7 expression was positively correlated with hs-CRP. It was concluded that DCs in @entity2 are highly activated and DC-initiated immune reaction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity2 . @entity8 administration can significantly inhibit the DCs function and reduce the level of hs-CRP, indicating the suppression on inflammatory reaction may be one of the mechanisms by which @entity8 exerts its effect in treating @entity2 .

title: Effects of @entity8 on the function of dendritic cells in XXXX with rheumatic arthritis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The incidence of @entity3 in young has increased steadily in the last decades. Little is known about the clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of young adult @entity3 @entity0 . The clinicopathological characteristics of 294 young adult @entity3 @entity0 between 20 and 50 years old were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records in Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center between 1996 and 2006. They were compared with 706 elder @entity0 51 years of age or over. A steady increasing in the proportion of female in the @entity3 @entity0 as the age decreasing was found. The distinguishing histological features of young adult @entity0 were higher percentage of poorly differentiated grade and distant @entity1 . The distribution of @entity2 -nodes- @entity1 (TNM) stage was similar between these two groups. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate in the young adult group was significantly higher than in the elderly group. More @entity0 receiving adjuvant chemotherapy were found in the young adult group. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that TNM stage and presence of angiolymphatic invasion were the independent negative predictors of survival for young @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity3 in young @entity0 differs from that in elderly @entity0 including a lack of male predilection, more aggressive histologic features, and better survival rate.

title: Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic analysis of XXXX in the young adult in China.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The emergency physician's disposition of @entity0 with suspected @entity6 is currently debated; some physicians believe that a subgroup of @entity0 can be managed safely outside the coronary care unit. Clinical predictors are needed in assessing the @entity0 with suspected @entity6 to help identify this subgroup. Through a retrospective cohort study, we investigated the value of the initial emergency department ECG in discriminating between @entity4 @entity0 with low and high risk for immediately life-threatening complications. Two hundred eleven initially uncomplicated consecutive coronary care unit admissions with suspected @entity8 or @entity3 were studied. @entity0 outcome, including the incidence of @entity3 , complications, and mechanical and pharmacologic interventions, was reviewed. Immediately life-threatening complications included @entity9 , @entity7 , shock, 2 degrees and 3 degrees block, and @entity1 . Mechanical interventions included electrocardioversion or defibrillation, endotracheal intubation, intra-aortic balloon pump, Swan-Ganz catheter, or pacemaker insertion. Pressors, antiarrhythmics, and vasodilators were the reviewed pharmacologic interventions. A positive ECG was defined by the presence of ST elevation or @entity2 , T wave inversion, @entity10 , @entity5 , paced rhythm, or new Q waves. All other ECG interpretations were considered negative. @entity0 were divided into two groups based on this initial emergency physician ECG interpretation and their complication incidences compared. Of the 211 @entity0 , 96 had a positive ECG; 115 had negative ECGs. @entity0 with positive ECGs were older, had a greater history and concurrent incidence of @entity3 , and more complications and intensive interventions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The emergency department ECG and immediately life-threatening complications in initially uncomplicated suspected XXXX .

answer: @entity6