abstract: BACKGROUND: Mast cells are prevalent in the shoulder of unstable @entity6 ; cardiac mast cells secrete proteases capable of activating matrix metalloproteinases. @entity1 is essential in the inflammatory cascade of the unstable plaque. @entity7 depletion has been correlated with histaminemia which has been shown to impair endothelial-dependent vasodilation. This study evaluates whether oxidative stress as measured by @entity8 (PGF(2alpha)) coupled with an inflammatory state characterized by histaminemia predisposes @entity0 to @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: Whole blood @entity1 , serum @entity3 , and serum PGF(2alpha) levels were drawn on 50 @entity0 with @entity5 as determined by standard diagnostic criteria, 50 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and 50 age and sex matched normal controls (C). RESULTS: Data were analyzed by stepwise discriminant and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. A significant relationship exists between @entity1 and PGF(2alpha). As PGF(2alpha) rises above 60 pg/mL, an increase in @entity1 occurs in both the @entity5 and @entity2 groups. A significant inverse relationship exists between @entity7 and @entity1 in the @entity5 versus C groups (P < 0.01) and the @entity2 versus C groups (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity1 and @entity8 levels increase in @entity2 and @entity5 @entity0 . Mast cell activation and lipid oxidation generated during @entity4 manifest this inflammatory response. Accelerated @entity8 formation and depleted @entity7 paired with histaminemia is active in CAD and predispose @entity0 to @entity5 . Blood @entity1 alone may be a better risk factor for coronary events, and a better prognostic indicator than CRP even when combined with lipid indexes.

title: Blood @entity1 is associated with XXXX , cardiac events and severity of inflammation and @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the spinal cord, the @entity4 neurotransmitter @entity3 , which is released mainly from fibers descending from the dorsal pons, has major modulatory effects on @entity2 . To map the spatial and temporal patterns of this release, changes in @entity4 level were examined in laminae I-VIII of lumbar segments L3-L6 of @entity5 -anesthetized @entity0 during pontine stimulation. The changes were measured through a @entity1 fiber microelectrode at 0.5-s intervals by fast cyclic voltammetry, which presently is the method of best spatiotemporal resolution. When different pontine sites were tested with 20-s pulse trains (50-to 200-microA amplitude, 0.5-ms pulse width, and 50-Hz frequency) during measurement in the dorsal horn (lamina IV), the largest consistent increases were produced by the locus ceruleus, although effective pontine sites extended 1.5 mm dorsally and ventral from the locus ceruleus. When the locus ceruleus stimulus was used to map the spinal cord, increased levels were always seen in lamina I and laminae IV-VIII, whereas 50% of sites in laminae II and III showed substantial decreases and the rest showed increases. These increases typically had short latencies [4.5 +/- 0.4 (SE) s] and variable decay times (5-200 s), with peaks occurring during the stimulus train (mean rise-time: 12.0 +/- 0.6 s). The mean peak level was 544 +/- 82 nM as estimated from postexperimental calibration with @entity3 . Other significant laminar differences included higher mean peak concentrations (805 nM) and rise times (14.9 s) in lamina I and shorter latencies in lamina VI (3.2 s). Peak concentrations were inversely correlated with latency. When stimulation frequency was varied, increases were disproportionately larger with faster frequencies (> or =50 Hz), hence extrajunctional overflow probably contributed most of the signal. We conclude, generally, that pontine noradrenergic control is exerted on widespread spinal laminae with a significant component of paracrine transmission after several seconds of sustained activity. Relatively stronger effects prevail where nociceptive transmission (lamina I) and locomotor rhythm generation (lamina VI) occur.

title: Temporal and spatial profiles of pontine-evoked XXXX release in the @entity0 's spinal cord.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In the spinal cord, the @entity4 neurotransmitter @entity3 , which is released mainly from fibers descending from the dorsal pons, has major modulatory effects on @entity2 . To map the spatial and temporal patterns of this release, changes in @entity4 level were examined in laminae I-VIII of lumbar segments L3-L6 of @entity5 -anesthetized @entity0 during pontine stimulation. The changes were measured through a @entity1 fiber microelectrode at 0.5-s intervals by fast cyclic voltammetry, which presently is the method of best spatiotemporal resolution. When different pontine sites were tested with 20-s pulse trains (50-to 200-microA amplitude, 0.5-ms pulse width, and 50-Hz frequency) during measurement in the dorsal horn (lamina IV), the largest consistent increases were produced by the locus ceruleus, although effective pontine sites extended 1.5 mm dorsally and ventral from the locus ceruleus. When the locus ceruleus stimulus was used to map the spinal cord, increased levels were always seen in lamina I and laminae IV-VIII, whereas 50% of sites in laminae II and III showed substantial decreases and the rest showed increases. These increases typically had short latencies [4.5 +/- 0.4 (SE) s] and variable decay times (5-200 s), with peaks occurring during the stimulus train (mean rise-time: 12.0 +/- 0.6 s). The mean peak level was 544 +/- 82 nM as estimated from postexperimental calibration with @entity3 . Other significant laminar differences included higher mean peak concentrations (805 nM) and rise times (14.9 s) in lamina I and shorter latencies in lamina VI (3.2 s). Peak concentrations were inversely correlated with latency. When stimulation frequency was varied, increases were disproportionately larger with faster frequencies (> or =50 Hz), hence extrajunctional overflow probably contributed most of the signal. We conclude, generally, that pontine noradrenergic control is exerted on widespread spinal laminae with a significant component of paracrine transmission after several seconds of sustained activity. Relatively stronger effects prevail where nociceptive transmission (lamina I) and locomotor rhythm generation (lamina VI) occur.

title: Temporal and spatial profiles of pontine-evoked @entity4 release in the XXXX 's spinal cord.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Synaptic plasticity is conspicuously dependent on the temporal order of the pre- and postsynaptic activity. @entity0 motor cortical excitability can be increased by a paired associative stimulation (PAS) protocol. Here we show that it can also be decreased by minimally changing the interval between the two associative stimuli. Corticomotor excitability of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) representation was tested before and after repetitively pairing of single right median nerve simulation with single pulse @entity5 ( @entity5 ) delivered over the optimal site for activation of the contralateral APB. Following PAS, @entity1 of @entity5 -evoked motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) was induced only when the median nerve stimulation preceded the @entity5 pulse by 10 ms, while enhancement of cortical excitability was induced using an interstimulus interval of 25 ms, suggesting an important role of the sequence of cortical events triggered by the two stimulation modalities. Experiments using F-wave studies and electrical brain stem stimulation indicated that the site of the plastic changes underlying the decrease of MEP amplitudes following PAS (10 ms) was within the motor cortex. MEP amplitudes remained @entity1 for approximately 90 min. The decrease of MEP amplitudes was blocked when PAS(10 ms) was performed under the influence of @entity6 , an @entity3 -receptor antagonist, or @entity4 , an L-type voltage-gated @entity2 -channel antagonist. The physiological profile of the @entity1 of @entity0 motor cortical excitability following PAS(10 ms) suggests long-term @entity1 of synaptic efficacy to be involved. Together with earlier findings, this study suggests that strict temporal Hebbian rules govern the induction of long-term potentiation/long-term @entity1 -like phenomena in vivo in the @entity0 primary motor cortex.

title: A temporally asymmetric Hebbian rule governing plasticity in the XXXX motor cortex.

answer: @entity0


abstract: During animal development, cellular morphogenesis plays a fundamental role in determining the shape and function of tissues and organs. Identifying the components that regulate and drive morphogenesis is thus a major goal of developmental biology. The four-celled tip of the @entity0 male tail is a simple but powerful model for studying the mechanism of morphogenesis and its spatiotemporal regulation. Here, through a genome-wide post-embryonic RNAi-feeding screen, we identified 212 components that regulate or participate in male tail tip morphogenesis. We constructed a working hypothesis for a gene regulatory network of tail tip morphogenesis. We found regulatory roles for the posterior Hox genes @entity5 , the TGF-b pathway, nuclear hormone receptors (e.g. @entity4 ), the heterochronic gene @entity6 , and the GATA transcription factors @entity7 and @entity8 . The majority of the pathways converge at @entity9 and @entity10 . In addition, @entity4 and @entity9 / @entity10 regulate each others' expression, thus placing these three genes at the center of a complex regulatory network. We also show that @entity9 and @entity10 negatively regulate other signaling pathways and affect downstream cellular processes such as vesicular trafficking (e.g. @entity11 , @entity12 ) and rearrangement of the cytoskeleton (e.g. @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity1 ). Based on these data, we suggest that male tail tip morphogenesis is governed by a gene regulatory network with a bow-tie architecture.

title: A bow-tie genetic architecture for morphogenesis suggested by a genome-wide RNAi screen in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The technique of treatment, response rate, freedom from relapse, survival, and complications of therapy in 123 @entity0 treated with topical @entity5 mustard ( @entity7 ) for @entity6 ( @entity6 ) at Stanford University Medical Center are reviewed. @entity0 were treated with @entity7 in an aqueous or ointment base with equal efficacy. Response rates depended on the extent of skin involvement. In limited plaque (T1) disease, complete and overall response rates were 51% and 88%, respectively, while in generalized plaque (T2) disease they were 26% and 69%. No @entity0 with @entity1 involvement (T3) achieved complete skin clearance and all 13 of these @entity0 developed @entity3 . Only two of nine @entity0 with erythrodema (T4) achieved a complete response (CR), and both later relapsed. After achieving a CR, 40% of @entity0 with T1 disease and 60% with T2 disease later relapsed; however, subsequent therapies, including repeat courses of topical @entity7 , often were successful in achieving later skin clearance. Overall, 42% of T1 @entity0 and 31% of T2 @entity0 were without evidence of @entity6 at last follow-up. When @entity4 occurred, it was usually unrelated to @entity6 in the T1 group. However, half of the @entity4 of @entity0 with T2 disease were attributable to @entity6 . Among the 22 @entity0 with T3 or T4 disease, 80% of @entity4 were attributable to @entity6 . The most common complication observed was a cutaneous @entity2 , which occurred much more commonly with the aqueous than the ointment preparation. Fourteen @entity0 (11%) developed subsequent cutaneous @entity1 .

title: Mycosis fungoides: management with topical XXXX mustard.

answer: @entity5


abstract: 1. Normal subjects, with closed eyes, attempted to keep constant either the force exerted at the wrist or the position of the wrist against an elastic load. The load was attached to the wrist 275 mm from the axis of rotation of the elbow joint. During recording, the far end of the elastic load was displaced slowly enough that it was not immediately perceived but far enough for perception to occur before its completion. 2. The over-all relation between wrist force and position for the two conditions was approximately linear and could be described in terms of effective stiffness. The effective stiffness for the constant-position task averaged 2.8 N/mm (210 N m/ @entity1 ), while for the constant-force task the mean effective stiffness was -0.028 N/mm (-2.1 N m/ @entity1 ), indicative of slight over-compensation. 3. Averaging the performance at the onset of the imposed disturbance indicated that the subjects' behaviour consisted of two parts: an initial, small-range response followed by a second phase over the remainder of the displacement. The transition corresponded to the subjects' threshold for detection of the disturbance. 4. The stiffness measured for the response prior to perception was taken as a measure which included the tonic stretch reflex. The stiffness was altered appropriately for the two tasks, being lower when the subjects tried to maintain the force exerted constant (average 1.1 N/mm, 83 N m/ @entity1 ) than when they attempted to keep the position constant (average 2.3 N/mm, 170 N m/ @entity1 ). A small degree of co-contraction occurred but could be dissociated from the stiffness changes. 5. Scaling the results allowed comparison of the initial stiffness with values for the decerebrate cat. When analysed in this way, the values recorded in @entity0 during the constant-position task were similar to those reported for short-range stiffness in the decerebrate cat. 6. The thresholds for detection of the disturbance were much lower than those reported for subjects with relaxed muscles. 7. The stretch reflex in @entity0 has a direct role in compensating for small disturbances during motor tasks. It may also function to improve detection of applied disturbances by magnifying the corresponding force change. Once the stimulus is perceived and voluntary intervention is possible, a greater contrast is seen between the subjects' performance of the two tasks.

title: Maintenance of constant arm position or force: reflex and volitional components in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. In @entity4 -anaesthetized @entity0 the nasal vasculature was perfused on both sides, and nasal vascular and airflow resistances were measured together with blood pressure, heart rate and tidal airflow. 2. @entity3 was injected intravenously to stimulate lung C-fibre receptors, and @entity5 to stimulate pulmonary stretch receptors and cardiac receptors. Injections with both drugs were repeated after pulmonary denervation and after cervical vagosympathectomy. 3. Intravenous @entity3 caused @entity1 , @entity2 and rapid shallow breathing, together with a decrease in nasal vascular resistance and little change in nasal airways resistance. Denervation showed that these effects came from lung reflexes, presumably from C-fibre receptors. 4. Intravenous @entity5 caused similar effects to @entity3 before denervations, presumably due to stimulation of slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors. Left atrial injections of @entity5 caused @entity1 , @entity2 and hyperpnoea, together with an increase in nasal vascular resistance and little change in nasal airways resistance. Thus cardiac receptors seem to increase nasal vascular resistance. 5. Injections of @entity3 and @entity5 into the nasal circulation decreased nasal vascular resistance, with a stimulation of breathing and changes in blood pressure. Denervations indicated that these were a combination of local and reflex actions.

title: Lung reflexes and nasal vascular resistance in the anaesthetized XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate through a longitudinal study the effects on visual fields of long-term vigabatrin medication in @entity0 with @entity2 and to discuss visual field screening strategies. METHODS: A total of 26 @entity0 aged 14-68 years with a mean history of vigabatrin medication of 8.5 years (range 2-14 years) were followed by manual kinetic Goldmann perimetry (objects IV,4 and I,4) for 6-26 months (mean value 12.3 months). At time zero and at follow-up, each @entity0 was assigned a "pooled" averaged value, as a linear percentage of normal isopter position, for the two objects as tested nasally and temporally in the five most horizontal meridians on the Goldmann chart. Twelve eyes from nine adults (age 24-60 years) served as controls. RESULTS: Constrictions were recorded in 24 of 26 @entity0 at baseline. Averaged isopters ranged from 8% to 96% of the controls' averaged isopter positions. Median values of 71.5% and 60.5% for large and small objects, respectively, indicated that the smaller object was more sensitive to @entity1 . There was no difference in the degree of constriction between nasal and temporal hemifields. Significant improvement in the visual field (mean gain 13.6% units) was seen in the eight @entity0 who underwent full drug withdrawal. No similar improvement was seen in the 12 @entity0 still on full dose or the six with reduced intake. CONCLUSIONS: Most Danish @entity0 on long-term vigabatrin medication have suffered some @entity1 . Contrary to most clinical evidence so far, the present follow-up study indicates some reversibility of @entity1 after drug withdrawal. Kinetic Goldmann perimetry appears to be a fair alternative to computerized static perimetry techniques for screening and following @entity3 -treated @entity0 .

title: @entity3 -associated XXXX in a longitudinal series. Reversibility suggested after drug withdrawal.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate through a longitudinal study the effects on visual fields of long-term vigabatrin medication in @entity0 with @entity2 and to discuss visual field screening strategies. METHODS: A total of 26 @entity0 aged 14-68 years with a mean history of vigabatrin medication of 8.5 years (range 2-14 years) were followed by manual kinetic Goldmann perimetry (objects IV,4 and I,4) for 6-26 months (mean value 12.3 months). At time zero and at follow-up, each @entity0 was assigned a "pooled" averaged value, as a linear percentage of normal isopter position, for the two objects as tested nasally and temporally in the five most horizontal meridians on the Goldmann chart. Twelve eyes from nine adults (age 24-60 years) served as controls. RESULTS: Constrictions were recorded in 24 of 26 @entity0 at baseline. Averaged isopters ranged from 8% to 96% of the controls' averaged isopter positions. Median values of 71.5% and 60.5% for large and small objects, respectively, indicated that the smaller object was more sensitive to @entity1 . There was no difference in the degree of constriction between nasal and temporal hemifields. Significant improvement in the visual field (mean gain 13.6% units) was seen in the eight @entity0 who underwent full drug withdrawal. No similar improvement was seen in the 12 @entity0 still on full dose or the six with reduced intake. CONCLUSIONS: Most Danish @entity0 on long-term vigabatrin medication have suffered some @entity1 . Contrary to most clinical evidence so far, the present follow-up study indicates some reversibility of @entity1 after drug withdrawal. Kinetic Goldmann perimetry appears to be a fair alternative to computerized static perimetry techniques for screening and following @entity3 -treated @entity0 .

title: XXXX -associated @entity1 in a longitudinal series. Reversibility suggested after drug withdrawal.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A large number of @entity0 mononuclear cells were simultaneously separated into fractions enriched in B cells, T cells, large granular lymphocytes (LGL) and monocytes by centrifugal elutriation. Lymphocyte populations were analyzed using monoclonal antibodies. In particular, highly enriched natural killer cells, @entity4 + cells, were collected in the intermediate fractions. Monocytes, which were identified as esterase positive cells, and Leu M3 cells were collected at higher counterflow rates and in the final fraction. The purity of monocytes in the final fraction was 81%. The oxidative metabolic activity ( @entity1 production) and non-specific esterase activity of individual monocytes was estimated in the analysis of functional heterogeneity of monocytes using flow cytometry. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 (FDA) were used as indicators in the measurement of @entity1 generation and esterase activity. Intracellular generation of a fluorescence product ( @entity1 Production; average percentage of fluorescence positive cells) of monocytes in the stimulation of @entity2 ( @entity3 , 100 ng/ml) was greater in larger than smaller cells. @entity1 production gradually increased from 6% and 25-38% and 60% in the intermediate and final fractions respectively. Furthermore, the average fluorescence intensity of the large monocyte population in the final fraction was 1.13-1.31 fold more active than that of the smaller cells. Thus, the functional heterogeneity of @entity0 monocytes was further confirmed in the assays of @entity1 production exposed to @entity3 and FDA hydrolysis using flow cytometry. Furthermore, the CCE system can isolate lymphocyte subsets and LGL.

title: Functional heterogeneity of XXXX monocytes--with a special reference to flow cytometric assays.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In this prospective study, 120 teeth consisting of maxillary and mandibular @entity1 and premolars were divided into three groups each containing 40 teeth. The teeth were assigned randomly in quadrants to three different periodontal treatment protocols. The first group was treated with professional prophylaxis only. The second group received additional deep scaling. With the third group, additional surgical periodontal flap surgery and scaling was performed. Both @entity2 index (PBI) and @entity0 ( @entity0 ) were evaluated before, during and after treatment. During the subsequent prosthetic treatment phase all teeth were then used as telescope abutments supporting a removable prosthesis. The documentation of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was then used as a clinical parameter. One year after the incorporation of telescopic @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity0 , PBI and @entity5 were again evaluated. The resulting periodontal parameters were compared between the different groups using the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) repeated measures and the Kruskal-Wallis test for non-parametric variables. Differences within the three treatment groups were determined using the t-test, e.g. the Wilcoxon test for dependent variables (P < 0.05). A significant decrease in inflammatory indices (PBI) was found for all types of periodontal treatment (P < 0.03 for all groups). Additionally, the reduction in @entity0 was significant for all of the three groups (P < 0.001 for all groups). The greatest reduction in @entity0 was observed in the group in which a surgical approach was used. Evaluation of the @entity5 after the incorporation of the telescopic @entity4 showed that tooth position did not influence the periodontal prognosis and that the use of telescopic @entity4 exerted no ascertainable negative influence on the periodontium of the abutment teeth.

title: The effect of three different periodontal pre-treatment procedures on the success of telescopic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: With the disadvantage of computed tomography showing cumulative biological effects and magnetic resonance imaging posing a problem in clinical availability and cost, several authors described the technique of ultrasonography to measure non-invasively local cross-sectional dimensions (LCSDs) of masseter muscle sites. However only few studies addressed the issue of 'technique-related factors for intra- and inter-observer reliability' to gain more consistent testing and diagnosis. The purpose of the present study was to determine (1) whether the scanning level and/or the @entity0 may affect LCSD measurements and (2) whether measurements made at identical levels may be reproducible. The study included 35 subjects with signs and symptoms of @entity2 . Bilateral ultrasonographic investigation was performed with a linear (B-scan) 7.5 Mhz small-part transducer to register LCSDs of the anterior masseter muscle on three different levels. Scans were made on the relaxed and contracted muscle. Measurements were made in two sessions with a time interval of at least 5 min. Data were analysed for reproducibility by using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Scanning level and @entity0 had a significant effect on muscle measurements (P = 0.000). There was no difference in LCSD between the right and left muscle (P = 0.531). Measurements recorded at a given site were consistent across the testing sessions (P = 0.058). The scanning level with highest reproducibility was halfway between the origin and insertion (ICC = 0.92; @entity1 = 6.2%). The data suggest that ultrasonography is a reliable method for measuring LSCDs of the anterior masseter muscle.

title: Effect of scanning level and XXXX on ultrasonographic cross-sectional measurements of the anterior masseter muscle.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the origin of host cells during remodeling of small intestinal submucosa (SIS) square stent-based bicuspid venous valves (VVs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Suspended VVs (SVVs) were developed by suspending VVs within bare square stents so the valve elements would not contact the vein wall after deployment. Eight SVVs were placed within the intrahepatic and infrahepatic inferior venae cavae (IVCs) of four adult female @entity2 . Eight standard VVs were implanted in the external jugular veins of these animals for comparison. At 5 weeks after placement, the devices were examined for stability and patency and the animals were killed. Gross, histologic, and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) examinations were performed. RESULTS: Follow-up spot radiographs and venography showed no migration of the devices, @entity0 , or @entity1 formation. All SVVs were intact without contact with the IVC wall. Six VVs were competent and two were slightly tilted with some reflux. Histologic study showed remodeling of SVVs and VVs with newly formed collagen fibers; fibroblasts and inflammatory cells were found penetrating the SIS leaflets and endothelial cells on the surface. SIS neovascularization was also present. There was no difference regarding SIS remodeling between SVVs and the free part of VV leaflets. The VV leaflets' bases were thicker compared to their free parts (P <.01). @entity3 examination showed endothelial cells on both sides of the SVVs and VVs. Endothelialization of the @entity4 central leaflet surfaces and both surfaces of the VV leaflets was more complete than that of the peripheral surfaces of the @entity4 leaflets. CONCLUSION: SIS-based valve remodeling occurs independently of vessel wall contact by recruitment of cells directly from the circulation.

title: Remodeling of suspended small intestinal submucosa venous valve: an experimental study in XXXX to assess the host cells' origin.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Familial risks in liver and @entity0 have been assessed in small case control studies, usually based on reported, but not medically verified, @entity0 in family members. Thus the degree of familial clustering for these @entity0 remains to be established. METHODS: The nationwide Swedish Family- @entity0 Database was used, covering 10.2 million individuals for the years 1961-1998 from the Swedish @entity0 Registry. @entity2 were identified from 1121 offspring between the ages of 0 and 66 years and 17 131 parents. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for @entity0 in family members. RESULTS: All @entity0 in the liver and biliary system showed a familial SIR of 1.65 (95% CI 1.05-2.46). This was mainly explained by a high risk for @entity6 (SIR 5.21 (95% CI 2.07-10.80)) and for familial primary @entity2 with @entity3 histology (SIR 4.69 (95% CI 1.48-11.04)). For @entity6 , maternal transmission appeared to be favoured. @entity6 was associated with @entity5 ( @entity7 .39 (95% CI 1.23-4.18)). @entity2 was associated with cervical, urinary bladder, and @entity0 . @entity0 in extrahepatic bile ducts was associated with @entity1 and that in ampulla of Vater with @entity4 ; however, these associations may have been fortuitous. CONCLUSIONS: This study has provided the first data on familial clustering of liver and @entity6 , based on medically confirmed records. The risks were so high that heritable factors were likely to contribute, possibly modified by environmental factors. The demonstration of candidate genes would help to further characterise the familial risks.

title: XXXX : a nationwide epidemiological study from Sweden.

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIMS: To assess the immunophenotypic changes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in @entity2 , and correlate the findings with @entity0 morphology including growth pattern. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-seven endocervical @entity2 were studied using a panel of immunohistochemical markers to @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity6 , @entity3 protein and @entity8 . There were 24 moderately differentiated and three poorly differentiated @entity0 . Fourteen of the moderately differentiated @entity1 showed a focal infiltrative component, typically towards the deep @entity0 margin (invasive front), comprising attenuated glands, small cell clusters and single cells. These foci typically showed cytological alteration including loss of cellular polarity and cytoplasmic @entity4 , while immunohistochemistry demonstrated reduced cell membrane @entity9 and beta catenin labelling, and expression of @entity7 and, in some cases, @entity5 . Similar immunophenotypic changes were focally observed at the deep aspect of some larger 'conventional' @entity0 glands. No consistent changes were observed in the poorly differentiated @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Endocervical @entity2 that demonstrate an infiltrative growth pattern show immunophenotypic changes consistent with EMT. Frequently, these are accompanied by a morphological alteration in the @entity0 cells and the changes exhibit a specific micro-anatomical distribution. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition may represent an important mechanism in the progression of some endocervical @entity0 .

title: Correlation between invasive pattern and immunophenotypic alterations in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study of concussed adolescents sought to determine if a computer-based neurocognitive assessment (Immediate Postconcussion Assessment and Cognitive Test [ImPACT]) performed on @entity0 who present to the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) immediately following @entity3 would correlate with assessments performed 3 to 10 days postinjury and if @entity2 neurocognitive testing would detect differences in concussion severity that clinical grading scales could not. METHODS: A prospective cohort sample of @entity0 11 to 17 years of age presenting to the @entity2 within 12 hours of a @entity3 were evaluated using two traditional concussion grading scales and neurocognitive testing. @entity2 neurocognitive scores were compared to follow-up scores obtained at least 3 days postinjury. Postconcussive symptoms, outcomes, and complications were assessed via telephone follow-up for all subjects. RESULTS: Sixty @entity0 completed phone follow-up. Thirty-six @entity0 (60%) completed follow-up testing a median of 6 days postinjury. Traditional concussion grading did not correlate with @entity1 detected in the @entity2 or at follow-up. For the neurocognitive domains of verbal memory, processing speed, and reaction time, there was a significant correlation between @entity2 and follow-up scores trending toward clinical improvement. By 2 weeks postinjury, 23 @entity0 (41%) had not returned to normal activity. At 6 weeks, six @entity0 (10%) still had not returned to normal activity. CONCLUSIONS: Immediate assessment in the @entity2 can predict @entity1 seen in follow-up and may be potentially useful to individualize management or test therapeutic interventions. Neurocognitive assessment in the @entity2 detected deficits that clinical grading could not and correlated with deficits at follow-up.

title: Identifying XXXX in adolescents following concussion.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have previously investigated the possibility of using @entity7 as a diagnostic tool for the fluorescence detection of flat @entity4 . In these clinical studies, it was shown that following intravesical application in @entity0 , @entity7 becomes selectively localized in transitional @entity5 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In the present study, we characterized the biodistribution of @entity7 in @entity2 @entity4 and normal bladder layers after intravesical administration. The biodistribution was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy with computerized image analysis to image and quantify the fluorescence of @entity7 across the @entity1 and normal bladder wall. The results show that the photosensitizer intravesical administration route provides selective labelling of both the @entity1 and normal urothelium. A @entity7 dose and instillation time-dependent increase in the @entity7 fluorescence intensity in both the @entity1 and urothelium was observed, without significant @entity7 fluorescence in the submucosa and muscle layers. The highest fluorescence ratios in @entity7 accumulation in the @entity1 and normal urothelium to the @entity3 were achieved at 4 h with 30 micro M @entity7 (20:1 for the urothelium to @entity3 and 30:1 for the @entity1 to @entity3 ). The difference in fluorescence intensity in @entity1 tissue to the @entity3 following instillation of 8 micro M @entity7 was 11:1, 25:1 and 28:1 at 1, 2 and 4 h, respectively. The difference in fluorescence intensity in @entity1 tissue to the @entity3 using 30 micro M @entity7 was 17:1, 27:1 and 31:1 at 1, 2 and 4 h, respectively. The highest absolute fluorescence levels were observed in the @entity1 at 4 h with 30 micro M @entity7 instillation. The results suggest that under these conditions, PDT with @entity7 is likely to produce uniform @entity1 eradication, without causing damage to the underlying muscle layers.

title: Microscopic quantification of hypercin fluorescence in an orthotopic @entity2 XXXX model after intravesical instillation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We have previously investigated the possibility of using @entity7 as a diagnostic tool for the fluorescence detection of flat @entity4 . In these clinical studies, it was shown that following intravesical application in @entity0 , @entity7 becomes selectively localized in transitional @entity5 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In the present study, we characterized the biodistribution of @entity7 in @entity2 @entity4 and normal bladder layers after intravesical administration. The biodistribution was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy with computerized image analysis to image and quantify the fluorescence of @entity7 across the @entity1 and normal bladder wall. The results show that the photosensitizer intravesical administration route provides selective labelling of both the @entity1 and normal urothelium. A @entity7 dose and instillation time-dependent increase in the @entity7 fluorescence intensity in both the @entity1 and urothelium was observed, without significant @entity7 fluorescence in the submucosa and muscle layers. The highest fluorescence ratios in @entity7 accumulation in the @entity1 and normal urothelium to the @entity3 were achieved at 4 h with 30 micro M @entity7 (20:1 for the urothelium to @entity3 and 30:1 for the @entity1 to @entity3 ). The difference in fluorescence intensity in @entity1 tissue to the @entity3 following instillation of 8 micro M @entity7 was 11:1, 25:1 and 28:1 at 1, 2 and 4 h, respectively. The difference in fluorescence intensity in @entity1 tissue to the @entity3 using 30 micro M @entity7 was 17:1, 27:1 and 31:1 at 1, 2 and 4 h, respectively. The highest absolute fluorescence levels were observed in the @entity1 at 4 h with 30 micro M @entity7 instillation. The results suggest that under these conditions, PDT with @entity7 is likely to produce uniform @entity1 eradication, without causing damage to the underlying muscle layers.

title: Microscopic quantification of hypercin fluorescence in an orthotopic XXXX @entity4 model after intravesical instillation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The final common pathway involved in the cardiovascular alterations of @entity3 is incompletely defined. The opening of KATP channels is associated with vasorelaxation and alterations in cardiac contractility. This event may be triggered during @entity3 by increased @entity5 (NO) production, by a decreased intracellular content of @entity6 , or by a change in the transmembrane electrical potential. In the present study, we assessed the effects of @entity8 , an agent that blocks the opening of KATP channels in vitro, on the contractile response of @entity1 aortic rings to @entity7 , and in vivo in anesthetized @entity2 , with or without exposure to @entity4 endotoxin. In vitro, @entity8 decreased the contractile response to @entity7 in the presence of endotoxin, provided that the endothelium was intact. In vivo, administration of 0.15 mg/kg increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in the absence of endotoxin only, and increased myocardial performance. A higher dose of 1 mg/kg increased SVR and decreased myocardial performance, both during @entity3 and in control conditions. Renal and mesenteric blood flows decreased, but the respective fractional flows were unchanged. @entity0 delivery decreased in both experimental conditions, but @entity0 consumption decreased only in control conditions. The in vitro observations suggest that the opening of KATP channels is involved in the regulation of vascular tone during @entity9 , via an endothelium-dependent mechanism. As different effects of @entity8 were observed in vivo, the importance of the opening of KATP channels in @entity3 may be limited.

title: Hemodynamic effects of XXXX during @entity9 : contrasting findings in vitro versus in vivo.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The final common pathway involved in the cardiovascular alterations of @entity3 is incompletely defined. The opening of KATP channels is associated with vasorelaxation and alterations in cardiac contractility. This event may be triggered during @entity3 by increased @entity5 (NO) production, by a decreased intracellular content of @entity6 , or by a change in the transmembrane electrical potential. In the present study, we assessed the effects of @entity8 , an agent that blocks the opening of KATP channels in vitro, on the contractile response of @entity1 aortic rings to @entity7 , and in vivo in anesthetized @entity2 , with or without exposure to @entity4 endotoxin. In vitro, @entity8 decreased the contractile response to @entity7 in the presence of endotoxin, provided that the endothelium was intact. In vivo, administration of 0.15 mg/kg increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in the absence of endotoxin only, and increased myocardial performance. A higher dose of 1 mg/kg increased SVR and decreased myocardial performance, both during @entity3 and in control conditions. Renal and mesenteric blood flows decreased, but the respective fractional flows were unchanged. @entity0 delivery decreased in both experimental conditions, but @entity0 consumption decreased only in control conditions. The in vitro observations suggest that the opening of KATP channels is involved in the regulation of vascular tone during @entity9 , via an endothelium-dependent mechanism. As different effects of @entity8 were observed in vivo, the importance of the opening of KATP channels in @entity3 may be limited.

title: Hemodynamic effects of @entity8 during XXXX : contrasting findings in vitro versus in vivo.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: The most effective schedule of @entity4 inhibitor (PPI) administration following endoscopic hemostasis of @entity2 ulcers remains uncertain. AIM: To compare the treatment effects of continuous infusion and low-dose @entity3 therapies in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: This prospective clinical study compared continuous infusion of @entity3 (80 mg bolus followed by 8 mg   h continuous infusion for 72 h) and low-dose @entity3 (40 mg twice daily IV) treatments in @entity1 @entity0 with peptic ulcer presenting a high risk of re- @entity2 , who were administered a successful endoscopic homeostasis. The primary end point was the occurrence of re- @entity2 during hospitalization and within one month of discharge. Secondary outcomes were defined as duration of hospitalization, need of transfusion, surgical treatment, and mortality rate. After 72 h, both groups were switched to oral @entity3 therapy for one-month. RESULTS: A hundred thirty-two subjects were enrolled. Re- @entity2 occurred in 11 (16.7%) @entity0 in the infusion therapy group and in 12 (18.2%) @entity0 in the low-dose group (P=0.819) within the first 72 h. No @entity0 experienced re- @entity2 in the first month following discharge. There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups in terms of transfusion need, durations of hospitalization, need for surgery and mortality rate. CONCLUSION: PPI infusion therapy following endoscopic hemostasis treatment was not found superior to low-dose PPI therapy in the terms of re- @entity2 , need of surgery and mortality.

title: Comparison of infusion or low-dose XXXX inhibitor treatments in upper gastrointestinal system bleeding.

answer: @entity4


abstract: QUESTION: Does exercise using a gaming console result in similar cardiovascular demand and energy expenditure as formally prescribed exercise in adults with @entity2 ? How do these @entity0 perceive gaming console exercise? DESIGN: Randomised cross-over trial with concealed allocation and intention-to-treat analysis. @entity0 : 19 adults with @entity2 admitted to hospital for treatment of a pulmonary exacerbation. INTERVENTION: @entity0 underwent two 15-minute exercise interventions on separate days; one involving a gaming console and one a treadmill or cycle ergometer. OUTCOME MEASURES: Cardiovascular demand was measured using heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Energy expenditure was estimated using a portable activity monitor. Perception (enjoyment, @entity1 , workload, effectiveness, feasibility) was rated using a horizontal 10-cm visual analogue scale. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in average heart rate (mean difference 3 beats/min, 95% CI -3 to 9) or energy expenditure (0.1 MET, 95% CI -0.3 to 0.5) between the two interventions. Both interventions provided a 'hard' workout (RPE    15). Gaming console exercise was rated as more enjoyable (mean difference 2.6 cm, 95% CI 1.6 to 3.6) than formal exercise but they didn't differ significantly in @entity1 (-1.0 cm, 95% CI -2.4 to 0.3), perceived effectiveness (-0.4 cm, 95% CI -1.2 to 0.3), or perceived feasibility for inclusion in routine management (0.2 cm, 95% CI -0.7 to 1.1). CONCLUSION: Gaming console exercise provides a similar cardiovascular demand as traditional exercise modalities. It is feasible that adults with @entity2 could include gaming console exercise in their exercise program. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12610000861055.

title: Gaming console exercise and cycle or treadmill exercise provide similar cardiovascular demand in adults with XXXX : a randomised cross-over trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: QUESTION: In @entity0 with @entity4 , does an expanded cardiac rehabilitation program reduce @entity2 , @entity5 , and hospital admissions due to @entity1 ? DESIGN: Randomised, controlled trial with intention-to-treat analysis. SETTING: A University hospital in Sweden. @entity0 : @entity0 aged less than 75 years who had had a recent @entity5 or coronary artery bypass grafts were eligible to participate. Severe co-morbidities were exclusion criteria. Randomisation of 224 @entity0 allocated 111 to undergo expanded cardiac rehabilitation and 113 to a control group. INTERVENTIONS: Both groups received standard cardiac rehabilitation, including physical training, education, group and individual counselling, and support to cease smoking. All @entity0 received appropriate preventive medications. In addition, the intervention group received 20 group sessions of stress management, 3 sessions of cooking and diet counselling by a dietician, and a 5-day stay at a ' @entity0 hotel' with several activities including physical training and information. OUTCOME MEASURES: Although other outcomes were reported at the conclusion of 1-year follow-up, the outcomes at the 5-year follow-up were rates of @entity3 : @entity1 , acute @entity5 , and readmission to a hospital due to other cardiovascular causes. RESULTS: All @entity0 were followed up via national registers of health and mortality. During the 5-year follow-up, 53 (48%) @entity0 in the expanded cardiac rehabilitation group and 68 (60%) @entity0 in the control group had a @entity3 (hazard ratio 0.69, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.99). This difference was mainly due to only 12 (11%) @entity0 having non-fatal @entity5 in the treatment group versus 23 (20%) in the control group (hazard ratio 0.47, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.97). The number of hospitalisations and the number of days of hospitalisation were both significantly fewer in the treatment group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Expanded cardiac rehabilitation after acute @entity5 or coronary artery bypass surgery reduces the long-term rate of cardiovascular events by reducing @entity5 and days in hospital for cardiovascular reasons.

title: Expanded cardiac rehabilitation reduces XXXX over five years.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Switching @entity3 for heparin has been a practice for managing periprocedural anticoagulation in high-risk @entity0 undergoing device-related procedures. We sought to investigate whether continuation of @entity3 therapy without heparin bridging is safe and, when it is continued, the optimal international normalized ratio (INR) without increased @entity2 risk at time of device-related procedure. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively studied 766 consecutive @entity0 taking @entity3 long term who underwent device-related procedures. @entity0 were grouped by treatment: discontinued @entity3 (- @entity3 , n = 243), no interruption of @entity3 (+ @entity3 , n = 324), and discontinued @entity3 with heparin bridging (+heparin, n = 199). The study primary endpoint was systemic @entity2 or formation of moderate or severe pocket @entity4 within 30 days of the procedure. Thirty-one (4%) @entity0 had @entity2 events, including pocket @entity4 in 29 @entity0 . The @entity2 events occurred more often for +heparin (7.0%) than - @entity3 (2.1%) or + @entity3 (3.7%, P = 0.029). For + @entity3 group, INR of 2.0-2.5 at time of procedure did not increase @entity2 risk compared with INR less than 1.5 (3.7% vs 3.4%; P = 0.72), but INR greater than 2.5 increased the @entity2 risk (10.0% vs 3.4%; P = 0.029). Concomitant @entity1 use with @entity3 significantly increased @entity2 risk than @entity3 alone (5.6% vs 1.4%, P = 0.02). Median length of hospitalization was significantly shorter for + @entity3 than +heparin (1 vs 6 days; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Continuation of oral anticoagulation therapy with an INR level of <2.5 does not impose increased risk of @entity2 for device-related procedures, although precaution is necessary to avoid supratherapeutic anticoagulation levels.

title: No increased XXXX events with continuation of oral anticoagulation therapy for @entity0 undergoing cardiac device procedure.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Switching @entity3 for heparin has been a practice for managing periprocedural anticoagulation in high-risk @entity0 undergoing device-related procedures. We sought to investigate whether continuation of @entity3 therapy without heparin bridging is safe and, when it is continued, the optimal international normalized ratio (INR) without increased @entity2 risk at time of device-related procedure. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively studied 766 consecutive @entity0 taking @entity3 long term who underwent device-related procedures. @entity0 were grouped by treatment: discontinued @entity3 (- @entity3 , n = 243), no interruption of @entity3 (+ @entity3 , n = 324), and discontinued @entity3 with heparin bridging (+heparin, n = 199). The study primary endpoint was systemic @entity2 or formation of moderate or severe pocket @entity4 within 30 days of the procedure. Thirty-one (4%) @entity0 had @entity2 events, including pocket @entity4 in 29 @entity0 . The @entity2 events occurred more often for +heparin (7.0%) than - @entity3 (2.1%) or + @entity3 (3.7%, P = 0.029). For + @entity3 group, INR of 2.0-2.5 at time of procedure did not increase @entity2 risk compared with INR less than 1.5 (3.7% vs 3.4%; P = 0.72), but INR greater than 2.5 increased the @entity2 risk (10.0% vs 3.4%; P = 0.029). Concomitant @entity1 use with @entity3 significantly increased @entity2 risk than @entity3 alone (5.6% vs 1.4%, P = 0.02). Median length of hospitalization was significantly shorter for + @entity3 than +heparin (1 vs 6 days; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Continuation of oral anticoagulation therapy with an INR level of <2.5 does not impose increased risk of @entity2 for device-related procedures, although precaution is necessary to avoid supratherapeutic anticoagulation levels.

title: No increased @entity2 events with continuation of oral anticoagulation therapy for XXXX undergoing cardiac device procedure.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity1 recurrence after liver resection occurs in the majority of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study was conducted to clarify the safety and effectiveness of repeated liver resection as a curative option for intrahepatic @entity2 recurrence. METHODS: Between July 1990 and January 2009, 483 @entity0 underwent 514 curative hepatic resections for @entity2 in our institution. Among this collective, 27 @entity0 underwent 31 repeated resections due to recurrent @entity2 (27 s resections, three third resections and one forth resection). The outcome of these @entity0 was retrospectively reviewed using a prospective database. RESULTS: Perioperative morbidity and mortality was 11% (three of 27) and 0%. Six @entity0 showed @entity3 , 23 underwent minor liver resections (fewer than three segments) and five @entity0 underwent major resections (three or more segments). The majority of the @entity0 showed no signs of @entity3 (16 of 27). The median @entity1 free margin was 1.5 mm (range: 0 to 20 mm). The median @entity1 diameter was 40 mm (range: 10 to 165 mm). @entity1 dedifferentiations at time of @entity1 recurrence were not observed. The 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival rates after second liver resection were 96%, 70% and 42%. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated liver resection is a valid and safe curative therapy option for recurrent @entity2 and results in significant prolongation of survival in comparison to interventional treatment strategies in selected @entity0 . However, due to @entity3 , multifocal intrahepatic or extrahepatic recurrence repeated resection is only feasible in a minority of @entity0 .

title: Repeated liver resection for recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is licensed for use at doses up to 20 mg but is used clinically at higher doses. There is limited published data at higher doses and none in the treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: This open-label, pilot study was designed to investigate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of @entity5 in doses up to 50 mg in @entity3 . It was conducted in 60 primary care @entity0 with @entity3 who had not responded to adequate treatment with @entity5 . @entity0 were treated with escalating doses of @entity5 up to 50 mg for up to 32 weeks until they achieved remission (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]  <= 8) or failed to tolerate the dose. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity0 (70%) completed the study. Twenty-one @entity0 (35%) achieved remission with 8 of the 21 @entity0 (38%) needing the 50 mg dose to achieve remission. Median time to remission was 24 weeks and median dose in remission was 30 mg. No significant safety issues were identified although tolerability appeared to decline above a dose of 40 mg with 26% of @entity0 unable to tolerate 50 mg. Twelve (20%) @entity0 had adverse events leading to discontinuation. The most common adverse events were @entity1 (35%), @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity6 (all 25%). Minor mean weight gain was found during the study, which did not appear to be dose-related. Half of the @entity0 who completed the study chose to continue treatment with @entity5 rather than taper down the dose at 32 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Dose escalation with @entity5 above 20 mg may have a useful role in the management of @entity0 with @entity3 , although further studies are needed to confirm this finding. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00785434.

title: Efficacy, safety and tolerability of @entity5 in doses up to 50 mg in @entity3 ( XXXX ): an open-label, pilot study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is licensed for use at doses up to 20 mg but is used clinically at higher doses. There is limited published data at higher doses and none in the treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: This open-label, pilot study was designed to investigate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of @entity5 in doses up to 50 mg in @entity3 . It was conducted in 60 primary care @entity0 with @entity3 who had not responded to adequate treatment with @entity5 . @entity0 were treated with escalating doses of @entity5 up to 50 mg for up to 32 weeks until they achieved remission (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]  <= 8) or failed to tolerate the dose. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity0 (70%) completed the study. Twenty-one @entity0 (35%) achieved remission with 8 of the 21 @entity0 (38%) needing the 50 mg dose to achieve remission. Median time to remission was 24 weeks and median dose in remission was 30 mg. No significant safety issues were identified although tolerability appeared to decline above a dose of 40 mg with 26% of @entity0 unable to tolerate 50 mg. Twelve (20%) @entity0 had adverse events leading to discontinuation. The most common adverse events were @entity1 (35%), @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity6 (all 25%). Minor mean weight gain was found during the study, which did not appear to be dose-related. Half of the @entity0 who completed the study chose to continue treatment with @entity5 rather than taper down the dose at 32 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Dose escalation with @entity5 above 20 mg may have a useful role in the management of @entity0 with @entity3 , although further studies are needed to confirm this finding. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00785434.

title: Efficacy, safety and tolerability of @entity5 in doses up to 50 mg in XXXX ( @entity3 ): an open-label, pilot study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is licensed for use at doses up to 20 mg but is used clinically at higher doses. There is limited published data at higher doses and none in the treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: This open-label, pilot study was designed to investigate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of @entity5 in doses up to 50 mg in @entity3 . It was conducted in 60 primary care @entity0 with @entity3 who had not responded to adequate treatment with @entity5 . @entity0 were treated with escalating doses of @entity5 up to 50 mg for up to 32 weeks until they achieved remission (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]  <= 8) or failed to tolerate the dose. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity0 (70%) completed the study. Twenty-one @entity0 (35%) achieved remission with 8 of the 21 @entity0 (38%) needing the 50 mg dose to achieve remission. Median time to remission was 24 weeks and median dose in remission was 30 mg. No significant safety issues were identified although tolerability appeared to decline above a dose of 40 mg with 26% of @entity0 unable to tolerate 50 mg. Twelve (20%) @entity0 had adverse events leading to discontinuation. The most common adverse events were @entity1 (35%), @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity6 (all 25%). Minor mean weight gain was found during the study, which did not appear to be dose-related. Half of the @entity0 who completed the study chose to continue treatment with @entity5 rather than taper down the dose at 32 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Dose escalation with @entity5 above 20 mg may have a useful role in the management of @entity0 with @entity3 , although further studies are needed to confirm this finding. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00785434.

title: Efficacy, safety and tolerability of XXXX in doses up to 50 mg in @entity3 ( @entity3 ): an open-label, pilot study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatolithiasis is a risk factor for @entity3 . However, it is difficult to detect early @entity3 that occurs as a complication of hepatolithiasis. To identify the factors, which can be used for predicting @entity3 in @entity0 with hepatolithiasis, we compared the clinical characteristics of @entity0 who had @entity3 associated with hepatolithiasis with those of @entity0 with hepatolithiasis only. METHODOLOGY: Forty @entity0 with @entity3 associated with hepatolithiasis (group HC) and 73 @entity0 with hepatolithiasis only (group H) were randomly selected for this study. Mean @entity1 size was 6.1 +/- 2.4 cm in diameter. RESULTS: @entity0 of group HC were older (56.7 +/- 8.9 yr) than those of group H (49.2 +/- 12.9 yr) (p < 0.001). Weight loss was more frequent in group HC (51.5%) than in group H (5.5%) (p < 0.001) and serum alkaline phosphatase levels were higher in group HC (181 +/- 184 IU/L) than in group H (426 +/- 385 IU/L) (p < 0.001). The proportion of the @entity0 who had hepatolithiasis in the right or both lobes of the liver was higher in group HC (72.5%) than in group H (50.6%) (p = 0.024). The optimal cutoff value of serum @entity8 level for @entity3 detection was set at 4.2 ng/mL using ROC cure to give a sensitivity of 67.6% and a specificity of 90.5%. Group HC differed from group H because of its lower rates of both @entity6 and @entity4 , longer duration of stone history, and lower serum albumin level. Factors that did not predict @entity3 included sex ratio, white blood cell count, serum @entity7 level, and @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 should be suspected in @entity0 with hepatolithiasis, especially when, the @entity0 is over 40 years old, has a long history of hepatolithiasis with @entity5 , a higher level of serum alkaline phosphatase, a lower level of serum albumin, a serum carcinoembryonic antigen level exceeding 4.2 ng/mL, and hepatolithiasis that is located either in the right or both lobes of the liver.

title: Factors predicting concurrent XXXX associated with hepatolithiasis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Muscle metabolites and blood @entity2 concentration were studied in five male subjects during five constant-load cycling exercises. The power outputs were below, equal to and above aerobic (AerT) and anaerobic ( @entity4 ) threshold as determined during an incremental leg cycling test. At AerT, muscle @entity2 had increased significantly (p less than 0.05) from the rest value of 2.31 to 5.56 mmol X kg-1 wet wt. This was accompanied by a significant reduction in @entity3 by 28% (p less than 0.05), whereas only a minor change (9%) was observed for @entity1 . At @entity4 muscle @entity2 had further increased and @entity3 decreased although not significantly as compared with values at AerT. At the highest power outputs (greater than @entity4 ) muscle @entity2 had increased (p less than 0.01) and @entity3 decreased (p less than 0.01) significantly from the values observed at @entity4 . Furthermore, a significant reduction (p less than 0.05) in @entity1 over resting values was recorded. Blood @entity2 decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) during the last half of the lowest 5 min exercise, remained unchanged at AerT and increased significantly (p less than 0.05-0.01) at power outputs greater than or equal to @entity4 . It is concluded that anaerobic muscle metabolism is increased above resting values at AerT: at low power outputs (less than or equal to AerT) this could be related to the transient @entity0 deficit during the onset of exercise or the increase in power output. At high power outputs (greater than @entity4 ) anaerobic energy production is accelerated and it is suggested that @entity4 represents the upper limit of power output where @entity2 production and removal may attain equilibrium during constant load exercise.

title: Muscle metabolism, blood @entity2 and XXXX uptake in steady state exercise at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Muscle metabolites and blood @entity2 concentration were studied in five male subjects during five constant-load cycling exercises. The power outputs were below, equal to and above aerobic (AerT) and anaerobic ( @entity4 ) threshold as determined during an incremental leg cycling test. At AerT, muscle @entity2 had increased significantly (p less than 0.05) from the rest value of 2.31 to 5.56 mmol X kg-1 wet wt. This was accompanied by a significant reduction in @entity3 by 28% (p less than 0.05), whereas only a minor change (9%) was observed for @entity1 . At @entity4 muscle @entity2 had further increased and @entity3 decreased although not significantly as compared with values at AerT. At the highest power outputs (greater than @entity4 ) muscle @entity2 had increased (p less than 0.01) and @entity3 decreased (p less than 0.01) significantly from the values observed at @entity4 . Furthermore, a significant reduction (p less than 0.05) in @entity1 over resting values was recorded. Blood @entity2 decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) during the last half of the lowest 5 min exercise, remained unchanged at AerT and increased significantly (p less than 0.05-0.01) at power outputs greater than or equal to @entity4 . It is concluded that anaerobic muscle metabolism is increased above resting values at AerT: at low power outputs (less than or equal to AerT) this could be related to the transient @entity0 deficit during the onset of exercise or the increase in power output. At high power outputs (greater than @entity4 ) anaerobic energy production is accelerated and it is suggested that @entity4 represents the upper limit of power output where @entity2 production and removal may attain equilibrium during constant load exercise.

title: Muscle metabolism, blood XXXX and @entity0 uptake in steady state exercise at aerobic and anaerobic thresholds.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a well known confound in analyses of functional MRI (fMRI) data. Neuroimaging researchers therefore typically treat @entity1 as a nuisance covariate in their analyses. Even so, it is possible that @entity1 shares a common genetic influence with the trait of interest. Here we investigate the extent to which this relationship is due to shared genetic factors, using @entity1 extracted from resting-state fMRI and maternal and self report measures of Inattention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity from the Strengths and Weaknesses of @entity0 Symptoms and Normal Behaviour ( @entity2 ) scales. Our sample consisted of healthy young adult twins (N = 627 (63% females) including 95 MZ and 144 DZ twin pairs, mean age 22, who had mother-reported @entity2 ; N = 725 (58% females) including 101 MZ and 156 DZ pairs, mean age 25, with self reported @entity2 ). This design enabled us to distinguish genetic from environmental factors in the association between head movement and @entity0 scales. @entity1 was moderately correlated with maternal reports of Inattention (r = 0.17, p-value = 7.4E-5) and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity (r = 0.16, p-value = 2.9E-4), and these associations were mainly due to pleiotropic genetic factors with genetic correlations [95% CIs] of rg = 0.24 [0.02, 0.43] and rg = 0.23 [0.07, 0.39]. Correlations between self-reports and @entity1 were not significant, due largely to increased measurement error. These results indicate that treating @entity1 as a nuisance covariate in neuroimaging studies of @entity0 will likely reduce power to detect between-group effects, as the implicit assumption of independence between @entity1 and Inattention or Hyperactivity-Impulsivity is not warranted. The implications of this finding are problematic for fMRI studies of @entity0 , as failing to apply @entity1 correction is known to increase the likelihood of false positives. We discuss two ways to circumvent this problem: censoring the motion contaminated frames of the RS-fMRI scan or explicitly modeling the relationship between @entity1 and Inattention or Hyperactivity-Impulsivity.

title: Head Motion and Inattention/Hyperactivity Share Common Genetic Influences: Implications for fMRI Studies of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In a study of 445 @entity0 with @entity2 referred to our center during a 3-yr period, we investigated the following parameters and their interrelationships: sex, marital status, ethnic origin, place of residence, stage of disease, delay in diagnosis and factors responsible for delay. @entity3 was found in 52% of the @entity0 , regional disease in 29% and metastatic disease in 19%. The incidence of @entity2 was significantly higher in Jews of European (occidental) descent than in Jews of Asian or North African (oriental) descent or in Arabs. The median and mean ages were significantly higher in the occidental than in the oriental Jewish group and significantly lower in the Arabs than in the oriental Jews. Diagnosis was delayed for more than 6 weeks in 52% of the @entity0 . Responsibility for the delay could be attributed to the @entity0 in 54% of these cases and to the physician in 47%. Administrative factors were responsible for the delay in 26%. (In 27% of the above delayers there was more than one agent responsible for the delay.) On average, @entity0 in whom diagnosis was delayed had more @entity4 than those without delay. Also, @entity0 with @entity4 had a longer delay on average than those with @entity3 . The stage of disease at diagnosis was more advanced in the oriental than in the occidental Jews. No correlations were found between delay in diagnosis and either age or sex. There were more widowers with delay (21%) than with no delay (16%). In @entity0 living outside Haifa delay was more prolonged than in those residing in the city. Educational programs aimed at the population at risk of developing @entity1 and especially at those likely to undergo delay in diagnosis are recommended. Postgraduate courses should be designed to instruct physicians on how to minimize delay in diagnosis.

title: XXXX : incidence, delay in diagnosis and stage of disease.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the present study the results of the polycomponent vaccine B[symbol: see text]-4 use for the therapy of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 were generalized. The vaccine was introduced by the nasal-subcutaneous or nasal-oral administration simultaneously with the basic therapy. Te studies were conducted first on limited groups of @entity0 , then in the course of the State Trial with the use of placebo control. Excellent and good effect lasting for 1 year and over was registered in 36 @entity0 (66.7%) out of 54 @entity3 @entity0 receiving the vaccine by the intranasal-subcutaneous method. Immunotherapy produced no positive effect in 13 @entity0 (24.1%). Out of 35 examined @entity0 receiving the vaccine by the intranasal oral method, excellent and good effect was registered in 26 @entity0 (74.2%). No effect was registered in 4 @entity0 (11.4%). In the group of 28 @entity0 receiving placebo simultaneously with the basic therapy positive dynamics in the course of the disease was observed only in 3 @entity0 . Treatment with polycomponent vaccine B[symbol: see text]-4 led to a prolonged (to a year and more) decrease in the frequency and severity of exacerbations, contributed to the prolongation of remissions and to a decrease in the amount of administered medicinal preparations, especially systemic corticosteroids. Immunotherapy ensured the correction of the content of lymphocyte subpopulations with markers CD3, @entity2 , @entity5 and a rise in the titers of antibodies to antigens contained in the preparation. The use of therapeutic polycomponent vaccine B[symbol: see text]-4 for the treatment of @entity0 with @entity4 ensured the state of prolonged remission in this group of @entity0 . On the basis of our investigations we believe that the use of the therapeutic polycomponent vaccine B[symbol: see text]-4 may be included into the basis therapy of @entity1 .

title: [Multicomponent vaccine VP-4 in the therapy of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction   We have succeeded in classifying the severity of @entity5 by evaluating the structure of the submucosal layer and blood flow in the appendix wall with ultrasonography (US). Here, we propose a new preoperative classification system to guide treatment strategy. Materials and Methods   Between February 2005 and December 2011, a total of 440 @entity4 cases were diagnosed, and 407 met inclusion criteria for this study. US and Doppler findings were used to classify cases as Grade I, IIa, IIb, III, or @entity6 . Grades I and IIa were treated conservatively without antibiotics. Appendectomy for Grades IIb and III and interval appendectomy for @entity6 were performed. Results   Of 407 cases, 38 were Grade I, 132 were Grade IIa, 130 were Grade IIb, 57 were Grade III, and 50 were @entity6 . Improvement occurred without antibiotics in 37 (97.3%) Grade I and 129 (97.7%) Grade IIa cases. Recurrence occurred postdischarge in 9 (23.6%) Grade I and 35 (26.5%) Grade IIa cases. All Grades IIb and III @entity0 had gangrenous or phlegmonous @entity5 . There were no negative appendectomies. Conclusion   Even if US findings reveal swelling or an irregular submucosal layer, when power Doppler identifies abundant blood flow, @entity1 may improve spontaneously. @entity3 indicates irreversible @entity2 change. Doppler and B-mode US used together improve @entity4 treatment.

title: The Usefulness of Combined B Mode and Doppler Ultrasonography to Guide Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the epidemiological evidence linking @entity3 and @entity1 , there has never been a causal link. We believe the @entity4 present in @entity3 may predispose the @entity3 to @entity1 through Fas-receptor over-expression and @entity7 under-expression in leukocytes, and elevated @entity2 secretion in @entity1 affecting the morbidly @entity3 . METHODS: Leukocytes from 25 @entity0 having gastric bypass surgery were compared to 15 normal controls preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively using flow cytometry to measure CD3, @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity10 , @entity12 ( @entity7 ), @entity11 , and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) expression on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and neutrophils. RESULTS: The percentage of @entity8 + T cells was significantly elevated from controls (69.4% vs 56%, P = 0.005). This difference persisted through 1 month postoperatively. Furthermore, expression of @entity8 per cell, was significantly greater in these @entity0 than that of the controls (80.2 vs 62.6 gmf, P = 0.018) preoperatively, and this continued to 1 month. Polymorphonuclear cells also displayed a similar elevation in @entity8 gmf expression preoperatively (54.1 vs 40.7 gmf, P = 0.023) which normalized by 3 months. Natural killer cells did not display elevated numbers of @entity8 gmf preoperatively, but they did experience a significant decline by 12 months. Additionally, there was significant reduction in the number of naiveT cells [(T cells without @entity7 ( @entity7 )], when compared to normals preoperatively (41.8% vs 51.3%, P = 0.001). There was no statistical difference between the postoperative @entity0 and the controls by 3 months. @entity11 was not different at baseline from controls in T or B cells, but there was a significant decrease by 12 months. CONCLUSION: The reduced expression of @entity7 combined with the elevated levels of @entity8 suggests that morbid @entity3 predisposes @entity0 to sites of immune privilege. This could be the mechanism for increased rates of @entity1 and @entity9 seen in @entity3 . Surgically-induced weight loss eliminates these risk factors.

title: Dysfunctional immune-privilege in morbid XXXX : implications and effect of gastric bypass surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early gastrointestinal (GI) @entity3 after open gastric bypass has been infrequently reported. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of early @entity2 after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP), its presentation, and possible treatment options. METHODS: A retrospective review of 5 @entity0 who developed early postoperative @entity2 after LRYGBP was performed. The charts were reviewed for demographics, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment. All @entity0 underwent a transected LRYGBP with creation of the @entity1 with a circular stapler and the jejunojejunostomy @entity1 with a linear stapler. RESULTS: Of the 155 @entity0 in our database who underwent LRYGBP, 5 (3.2%) developed early clinical @entity2 . There were 2 males with an average age of 40 years. Clinical presentations of @entity2 were @entity6 (2 @entity0 ), bright red blood per rectum (1 @entity0 ), melena (1 @entity0 ), and @entity4 (1 @entity0 ). A diagnostic study (nuclear scintigraphy) was performed in only 1 of 5 @entity0 . 3 of 5 @entity0 were managed nonoperatively; 2 @entity0 required fluid and blood resuscitation, and the other @entity0 was managed without blood transfusion. The onset of @entity3 in these 3 @entity0 occurred 24 hours postoperatively or later. 2 of 5 @entity0 required operative intervention for control of @entity3 . The onset of @entity3 or @entity4 in these 2 @entity0 occurred within 12 hours after surgery. The sites of @entity3 were at the gastric remnant staple-lines in 1 @entity0 and at the gastrojejunostomy and gastric remnant staple-lines in the other @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Early @entity2 is a potential complication after transected LRYGBP. Early reoperative intervention should be performed for @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity0 with early onset of @entity3 after surgery.

title: Early XXXX after laparoscopic gastric bypass.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Juvenile survival and recruitment can be more sensitive to environmental, ecological and anthropogenic factors than adult survival, influencing population-level processes like recruitment and growth rate in long-lived, iteroparous species such as @entity2 . Conventionally, @entity2 are individually identified using callosity patterns, which do not stabilise until 6-12 months, by which time the whale has left its natal wintering grounds. Here we use DNA profiling of skin biopsy samples to identify individual @entity2 from year of birth and document their return to the species' primary wintering ground in New Zealand waters, the Subantarctic Auckland Islands. We find evidence of natal fidelity to the New Zealand wintering ground by the recapture of 15 of 57 whales, first sampled in year of birth and available for subsequent recapture, during winter surveys to the Auckland Islands in 1995-1998 and 2006-2009. Four individuals were recaptured at the ages of 9 to 11, including two females first sampled as @entity0 in 1998 and subsequently resampled as @entity0 with @entity0 in 2007. Using these capture-recapture records of known-age individuals, we estimate changes in survival with age using Cormack-Jolly-Seber models. Survival is modelled using discrete age classes and as a continuous function of age. Using a bootstrap method to account for uncertainty in model selection and fitting, we provide the first direct estimate of juvenile survival for this population. Our analyses indicate a high annual apparent survival for juveniles at between 0.87 ( @entity1 ( @entity1 ) 0.17, to age 1) and 0.95 ( @entity1 0.05: ages 2-8). Individual identification by DNA profiling is an effective method for long-term demographic and genetic monitoring, particularly in animals that change identifiable features as they develop or experience tag loss over time.

title: First Direct Evidence for Natal Wintering Ground Fidelity and Estimate of Juvenile Survival in the New Zealand XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Juvenile survival and recruitment can be more sensitive to environmental, ecological and anthropogenic factors than adult survival, influencing population-level processes like recruitment and growth rate in long-lived, iteroparous species such as @entity2 . Conventionally, @entity2 are individually identified using callosity patterns, which do not stabilise until 6-12 months, by which time the whale has left its natal wintering grounds. Here we use DNA profiling of skin biopsy samples to identify individual @entity2 from year of birth and document their return to the species' primary wintering ground in New Zealand waters, the Subantarctic Auckland Islands. We find evidence of natal fidelity to the New Zealand wintering ground by the recapture of 15 of 57 whales, first sampled in year of birth and available for subsequent recapture, during winter surveys to the Auckland Islands in 1995-1998 and 2006-2009. Four individuals were recaptured at the ages of 9 to 11, including two females first sampled as @entity0 in 1998 and subsequently resampled as @entity0 with @entity0 in 2007. Using these capture-recapture records of known-age individuals, we estimate changes in survival with age using Cormack-Jolly-Seber models. Survival is modelled using discrete age classes and as a continuous function of age. Using a bootstrap method to account for uncertainty in model selection and fitting, we provide the first direct estimate of juvenile survival for this population. Our analyses indicate a high annual apparent survival for juveniles at between 0.87 ( @entity1 ( @entity1 ) 0.17, to age 1) and 0.95 ( @entity1 0.05: ages 2-8). Individual identification by DNA profiling is an effective method for long-term demographic and genetic monitoring, particularly in animals that change identifiable features as they develop or experience tag loss over time.

title: First Direct Evidence for Natal Wintering Ground Fidelity and Estimate of Juvenile Survival in the New Zealand @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The study included 1742 @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ), Kyiv city residents and @entity0 from 20 regions of Ukraine. Bone marrow and blood smears were sent at diagnosis to Reference Center. The analysis was based on May-Gr  nvald-Giemza (MGG) stain and cytochemical reactions (MPO, acNSE, CAE, AP, PAS). Immunocytochemical techniques (APAAP, LSAB) and broad panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against lineage specific and differentiation antigens of leukocytes were employed for immunophenotyping of leukemic blast cells directly in blood and bone marrow smears. Different types of @entity4 were defined by the expression of the cell surface and cytoplasmic antigens. Immunocytochemical study was required especially in diagnosing of @entity4 with minimal differentiation, @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity3 of ambiguous lineage. @entity1 was broadly classified into B-lineage and @entity6 . According to the degree of B-lymphoid differentiation of the blast cells four subtypes of B-lineage @entity1 were established. @entity6 observed in @entity0 were also divided into four subtypes. Immunocytochemical examination was required to diagnose @entity2 of ambiguous lineage with no clear evidence of lineage differentiation ( @entity3 ) or those with blasts that express markers of more than one lineage (mixed phenotype @entity3 ).

title: Immunocytochemical markers in XXXX diagnosis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The study presents the results of the application of deep electromagnetic stimulation (DEMS) therapy in the treatment of @entity3 . The study aimed to evaluate and compare @entity1 severity before and after deep electromagnetic stimulation sessions and to assess persistence of the analgesic effect and identify factors which influenced it significantly. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study enrolled a series of 105 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent a series of 10 sessions of deep electromagnetic stimulation. The effectiveness of the therapy was assessed according to VAS and Laitinen scores. Risk factors significantly affecting the stability of analgesic effect after DEMS therapy were identified using the Cox regression model. RESULTS: Statistically significant @entity1 relief was observed after deep electromagnetic therapy. Both the Laitinen and VAS scales demonstrated the reduction in @entity1 intensity by half (Me (IQR): 6 (5-9) before the therapy vs. 3 (24) afterwards, p<0.0001 for Laitinen scale and 7 (6-8) before vs. 3 (2-5) after the therapy, p<0.0001 for VAS). During 12-month follow up, @entity1 recurred in 84 (80%) @entity0 . @entity1 recurrence within a year after the therapy was stimulated in a statistically significant manner by @entity1 duration (HR=1.032, 95% CI: 0.988-1.078; p=0.032) and the co-occurrence of @entity2 (HR=5.521, 95%CI: 2.905-10.493; p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: 1. Deep electromagnetic stimulation is an effective treatment in @entity0 with @entity3 . 2. The degree of effectiveness of this modality in the longer term depends on the cause and duration of @entity1 .

title: Assessment of the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Deep Electromagnetic Stimulation in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The study presents the results of the application of deep electromagnetic stimulation (DEMS) therapy in the treatment of @entity3 . The study aimed to evaluate and compare @entity1 severity before and after deep electromagnetic stimulation sessions and to assess persistence of the analgesic effect and identify factors which influenced it significantly. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study enrolled a series of 105 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent a series of 10 sessions of deep electromagnetic stimulation. The effectiveness of the therapy was assessed according to VAS and Laitinen scores. Risk factors significantly affecting the stability of analgesic effect after DEMS therapy were identified using the Cox regression model. RESULTS: Statistically significant @entity1 relief was observed after deep electromagnetic therapy. Both the Laitinen and VAS scales demonstrated the reduction in @entity1 intensity by half (Me (IQR): 6 (5-9) before the therapy vs. 3 (24) afterwards, p<0.0001 for Laitinen scale and 7 (6-8) before vs. 3 (2-5) after the therapy, p<0.0001 for VAS). During 12-month follow up, @entity1 recurred in 84 (80%) @entity0 . @entity1 recurrence within a year after the therapy was stimulated in a statistically significant manner by @entity1 duration (HR=1.032, 95% CI: 0.988-1.078; p=0.032) and the co-occurrence of @entity2 (HR=5.521, 95%CI: 2.905-10.493; p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: 1. Deep electromagnetic stimulation is an effective treatment in @entity0 with @entity3 . 2. The degree of effectiveness of this modality in the longer term depends on the cause and duration of @entity1 .

title: Assessment of the Therapeutic Effectiveness of Deep Electromagnetic Stimulation in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Inflammatory processes resulting from the secretion of soluble mediators by immune cells, lead to various manifestations in skin, joints and other tissues as well as altered cytokine homeostasis. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in recognizing pathogens and other endogenous danger stimuli. One of the major cytokines released by innate immune cells is Interleukin (IL)-1. Therefore, we utilize a whole blood stimulation assay in order to measure the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and specifically of the pro-inflammatory cytokine @entity3 (1, 2, 3). @entity0 with @entity1 of the innate immune system causing autoinflammatory syndromes show an exaggerated release of mature @entity3 upon stimulation with LPS alone. In order to evaluate the innate immune component of @entity0 who present with inflammatory-associated pathologies, we use a specific immunoassay to detect cellular immune responses to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as the gram-negative bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These PAMPs are recognized by @entity4 ( @entity4 ), which are found on the cells of the innate immune system (4, 5, 6, 7). A primary signal, LPS, in conjunction with a secondary signal, @entity2 , is necessary for the activation of the inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that processes @entity3 to its mature, bioactive form (4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10). The whole blood assay requires minimal sample manipulation to assess cytokine production when compared to other methods that require labor intensive isolation and culturing of specific cell populations. This method differs from other whole blood stimulation assays; rather than diluting samples with a ratio of RPMI media, we perform a white blood cell count directly from diluted whole blood and therefore, stimulate a known number of white blood cells in culture (2). The results of this particular whole blood assay demonstrate a novel technique useful in elucidating @entity0 cohorts presenting with autoinflammatory pathophysiologies.

title: Accurate and simple measurement of the pro-inflammatory cytokine XXXX using a whole blood stimulation assay.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 is the most common solid @entity1 among @entity0 aged 15-35 years. The introduction of @entity9 -based chemotherapy has resulted in a cure rate of over 95% for @entity0 with @entity1 , which has put increased emphasis on understanding the morbidity associated with chemotherapy. Hematological, @entity8 are the most common acute adverse effects. Although most @entity0 recover, some of these effects can persist after the chemotherapy regimen has been completed and can become chronic problems. The late complications associated with @entity9 -based chemotherapy include secondary @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity10 , and @entity3 . Late complications can have considerable effects on survival and quality of life, so close monitoring of @entity0 is critical for the early diagnosis of late adverse effects and to limit associated damage. All @entity0 should adopt a healthy lifestyle and follow age-appropriate @entity1 screening programs. Hormonal supplementation should be considered for those with a low @entity7 level, in order to reduce the risk of @entity6 and @entity5 . Prompt diagnosis of @entity10 is essential, and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis for any long-term @entity1 survivor complaining of @entity4 . Finally, sperm cryopreservation should be discussed with all @entity0 before chemotherapy is initiated.

title: Complications associated with chemotherapy in XXXX management.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bispectal index (BIS) monitoring may reduce drug usage and hasten recovery in @entity3 and inhalation anesthesia. The faster emergence profile of @entity7 may reduce the effect of BIS monitoring on recovery from @entity7 compared with @entity3 . This study compared hypnotic drug usage, recovery, @entity0 satisfaction and incidence of inadequate sedation in BIS monitored and nonmonitored @entity0 anesthetized with @entity7 or @entity3 . METHODS: One hundred and sixty @entity0 scheduled for elective gynecological surgery were randomly assigned to @entity7 or @entity3 anesthesia with and without BIS monitoring. @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity4 were administered according to clinical criteria. The BIS monitor was used in all @entity0 , but the monitor screen was covered in the controls. A BIS level between 45 and 55 was targeted in the BIS monitored @entity0 whereas depth of anesthesia was assessed by clinical criteria in the controls. RESULTS: The mean (SD) @entity7 MAC-hours administered with and without BIS were 0.70 (0.15) and 0.76 (0.12), respectively, resulting in extubation times of 6.5 (4.1) and 8.3 (6.1) min. (NS). Bispectal index monitoring was associated with improved @entity0 satisfaction, reduced postoperative @entity1 and antiemetic drug requirement, and fewer episodes with sustained BIS levels > 60. The mean (SD) @entity3 infusion rates were 6.0 (1.4) and 6.6 (0.9) mg kg(-1)h(-1) with and without the BIS monitor (P = 0.023), resulting in mean (SD) extubation times of 6.8 (4.6) and 10.5 min (5.9), respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Bispectal index monitoring reduced @entity3 usage and hastened recovery after @entity3 anesthesia, whereas in @entity7 anesthesia it was associated with improved @entity0 satisfaction, probably because of @entity2 and fewer episodes of inadequate hypnosis.

title: Different benefit of bispectal index (BIS) in XXXX and @entity3 anesthesia.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bispectal index (BIS) monitoring may reduce drug usage and hasten recovery in @entity3 and inhalation anesthesia. The faster emergence profile of @entity7 may reduce the effect of BIS monitoring on recovery from @entity7 compared with @entity3 . This study compared hypnotic drug usage, recovery, @entity0 satisfaction and incidence of inadequate sedation in BIS monitored and nonmonitored @entity0 anesthetized with @entity7 or @entity3 . METHODS: One hundred and sixty @entity0 scheduled for elective gynecological surgery were randomly assigned to @entity7 or @entity3 anesthesia with and without BIS monitoring. @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity4 were administered according to clinical criteria. The BIS monitor was used in all @entity0 , but the monitor screen was covered in the controls. A BIS level between 45 and 55 was targeted in the BIS monitored @entity0 whereas depth of anesthesia was assessed by clinical criteria in the controls. RESULTS: The mean (SD) @entity7 MAC-hours administered with and without BIS were 0.70 (0.15) and 0.76 (0.12), respectively, resulting in extubation times of 6.5 (4.1) and 8.3 (6.1) min. (NS). Bispectal index monitoring was associated with improved @entity0 satisfaction, reduced postoperative @entity1 and antiemetic drug requirement, and fewer episodes with sustained BIS levels > 60. The mean (SD) @entity3 infusion rates were 6.0 (1.4) and 6.6 (0.9) mg kg(-1)h(-1) with and without the BIS monitor (P = 0.023), resulting in mean (SD) extubation times of 6.8 (4.6) and 10.5 min (5.9), respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Bispectal index monitoring reduced @entity3 usage and hastened recovery after @entity3 anesthesia, whereas in @entity7 anesthesia it was associated with improved @entity0 satisfaction, probably because of @entity2 and fewer episodes of inadequate hypnosis.

title: Different benefit of bispectal index (BIS) in @entity7 and XXXX anesthesia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity5 ) has been shown to increase transepithelial resistance in Madin-Darby @entity1 kidney (MDCK) cells, and the mechanism may involve altered phosphorylation of junctional proteins. In this study, we examine the effect of the @entity6 and @entity7 (MAPK) pathways on the basal transepithelial resistance (TER) and on the @entity5 -induced increase in TER across MDCK monolayers. Here we present evidence that @entity5 may be mediating some of its effects through activation of the @entity6 MAPK pathway. METHODS: MDCK cells were treated with @entity5 (4.2 micromol/L) and paracellular permeability was assessed by measuring TER. The role of the @entity6 and the p38 MAPK pathways in modulating TER was investigated using the inhibitors @entity3 and @entity4 for @entity6 and @entity2 for p38. @entity6 and p38 phosphorylation/activation was also examined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: @entity5 (4.2 micromol/L) increased the TER of MDCK monolayers. The @entity6 inhibitor @entity3 decreased basal TER and also ameliorated the @entity5 -induced increase in TER. Similar results were found with the U0126 inhibitor of @entity6 . The p38 inhibitor @entity2 had no effect on the basal TER of the monolayers, however, @entity2 significantly augmented the @entity5 -induced increase in TER. @entity5 was shown to significantly activate @entity6 and this activation by @entity5 was prevented by @entity3 . Inhibition of the p38 pathway by @entity2 also resulted in activation of @entity6 and this activation of @entity6 was further enhanced by @entity5 . No effect of @entity5 or the inhibitors @entity3 or @entity2 on p38 phosphorylation was detected. CONCLUSION: The results presented here suggest that activation of the @entity6 MAPK cascade is important in the regulation of the paracellular permeability in MDCK cells. Activation of this pathway appears to be pivotal to the @entity5 -induced increase in TER.

title: Modulation of renal epithelial barrier function by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs): mechanism of XXXX -induced increase in transepithelial resistance.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Our hospital admitted 231 @entity0 with @entity3 between June 1976 and November 1984. Review of these cases revealed the following profile: ages ranged from 1 to 70 years (median: 30 years), 156 males, predominantly @entity0 and adolescents, and 75 females. Diffuse histiocytic lymphoma accounted for 40.6 per cent of all cases. Seventeen @entity0 (7 per cent) had @entity5 . Fifteen @entity0 , predominantly male @entity0 and adolescents, had @entity2 and showed high association with mediastinal mass (47 per cent). @entity1 mostly of the diffuse histiocytic subtype were diagnosed in 100 cases (43.3 per cent) and most frequently situated in the small intestine (59 cases). @entity4 --32 @entity0 (14 per cent)--presented most often in male @entity0 during the first decade of life and as an abdominal intestinal disease (19 cases). There were four cases of Mediterranean @entity1 ( @entity6 ). @entity3 in Jordanians are mostly of the diffuse histiocytic type, are rarely nodular, have a high frequency of extranodal involvement and tend to occur in younger age groups. Mediterranean @entity1 is less frequent than previously thought. The use of both of the Rappaport and Lukes-Collins classifications demonstrated a high degree of reproducibility.

title: XXXX in Jordanians: a histopathological study of 231 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Observation and immobilization is adequate for most @entity0 with spinal @entity3 ; however, in @entity0 with symptomatic lesions, treatment other than simple observation or biopsy alone is recommended. In view of the benign clinical course of @entity3 , a simple, minimally invasive, outpatient treatment with a low complication rate such as computed tomography (CT)-guided intralesional corticosteroid injection may be considered the treatment of choice. This article presents a case of a 21-year-old @entity0 with a symptomatic bifocal @entity3 at the vertebral body of the L3 vertebra and the left T5 costovertebral joint treated effectively by CT-guided intralesional @entity2 injection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of successful treatment of a bifocal @entity3 with CT-guided corticosteroid injection. Under general anesthesia and CT guidance, the lesion was located through the right transpedicular approach for the L3 lesion and the left posterolateral approach for the T5 lesion using a biopsy trocar. Tissue sample was retrieved and frozen section biopsy showed @entity3 . One intralesional CT-guided injection of 80 mg (2 mL) of @entity4 was performed in each lesion. Complications related to the procedure were not observed. The @entity0 was admitted postprocedural for overnight medical evaluation and was discharged from the hospital the next day. Complete resolution of @entity1 was observed 72 hours after the procedure. At 5 years after diagnosis and treatment, the @entity0 is asymptomatic; imaging showed healing of both lesions.

title: Successful treatment of a bifocal XXXX of the spine with CT-guided corticosteroid injection.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: We investigated the relationship of voiding dysfunction type and the lesion site in @entity0 with @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Voiding dysfunction was evaluated in 32 @entity0 with @entity1 using the International Prostate Symptom Score and urodynamic tests. Lesion sites were determined by combined neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging findings. RESULTS: Compared with reports from Western countries the ratio of emptying-to-filling symptoms was high in Japan. Of urinary symptoms only filling correlated with disability status and disease duration. Urinary symptoms were not related to lesion sites. Urodynamic evaluation revealed @entity3 in 14 of 32 @entity0 , @entity3 or @entity9 in 12, @entity3 with @entity2 in 4, a @entity5 in 1 and normal function in 1. Of 14 @entity0 with @entity3 13 had overactive sphincter concurrently. Incompetent sphincter was identified in 2 @entity0 who had @entity3 with @entity2 and in 1 with a @entity5 . A significant correlation was noted for a pontine lesion and @entity3 , and for a cervical @entity4 and detrusor-sphincter @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 are indicative of a pontine and cervical @entity4 , respectively. Thus, the lesion site in the central nervous system may be a major determinant of the type of bladder and urethral @entity6 . The high prevalence of emptying symptoms in Japanese @entity0 may reflect the prevalence of @entity8 .

title: Relationship of @entity5 to lesion site in XXXX .

answer: @entity1