abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the location of the motor nerve branches to the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles in relation to anatomic surface landmarks for selective motor nerve blocks in the management of the @entity1 foot. DESIGN: Descriptive study by computed tomography (CT) scan of 12 hemiplegic legs. SETTING: Spasticity group at a university hospital. @entity0 : Twelve @entity0 with @entity2 (6 @entity0 , 6 @entity0 ) with @entity1 foot. INTERVENTION: Three-dimensional location of the motor nerve branches to the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles with CT scan, followed by selective motor branch blocks with anesthetics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Vertical, horizontal, and deep coordinates determined by CT scan in relation to anatomic surface landmarks (upper extremity of the fibula and vertical metallic element). Soleus and tibialis posterior @entity1 (Ashworth Scale), soleus H-wave maximum (Hmax)/M-wave maximum (Mmax) ratio, and sensory testing before and after the blocks. RESULTS: The mean coordinates +/- standard deviation for the soleus motor branch were 10+/-5 mm (vertical), 17+/-9 mm (horizontal), and 30+/-4 mm (deep); for the tibialis posterior motor branch they were 45+/-6mm (vertical), 17+/-8mm (horizontal), and 47+/-4 mm (deep). Spasticity and Hmax/Mmax ratio decreased after the blocks, confirming their efficiency. No subjects experienced additional sensory deficit. CONCLUSION: Our study determined the location of the motor nerve branches to the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles in relation to anatomic surface landmarks for selective motor branch blocks and neurolytic procedures. These coordinates allow us to perform selective motor blocks without CT scan.

title: Selective blocks of the motor nerve branches to the soleus and tibialis posterior muscles in the management of the XXXX foot.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is an uncommon @entity1 characterized by the atria connecting with the anatomically discordant ventricles and the ventricles connecting with discordant and transposed great arteries. Parallel vessels are evident in corrected @entity8 , but as this sign is also present in complete @entity8 , a @entity7 requiring major cardiac surgery in the postnatal period, it is important to differentiate between the entities prenatally. Most cases of @entity6 have associated anomalies but isolated forms or those with a mild @entity1 are infrequently detected prenatally. We report on three cases detected between 21 and 25 weeks' gestation on screening ultrasound with associated mild findings. One fetus had an isolated @entity5 ( @entity5 ) first detected at 34 weeks. The @entity0 developed @entity2 at 4 years of age. The second case was associated with a small @entity5 , a tiny pulmonary trunk and a persistent right umbilical vein. After birth, mild @entity4 was found as an additional cardiac finding at 4 months of age. The third fetus had no additional @entity1 prenatally, but after birth a bicuspid aortic valve was detected. The first case needed pacemaker implantation but the other two @entity0 required no cardiac surgery. Two of the cases were referred because abnormal vessel anatomy was detected on screening ultrasound. As prenatal detection of @entity8 is becoming a more frequent occurrence, this paper aims to present clues aiding in the prenatal diagnosis of @entity3 , especially in its differentiation from complete transposition. These details are crucial for counseling and perinatal management.

title: XXXX : clues for prenatal diagnosis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) initiate immunoreceptor @entity1 -based inhibition motif (ITIM) signaling and inhibit B cell activation by coligating B cell receptor for antigen (BCR) and FcgammaRII. Nevertheless, @entity3 on follicular dendritic cells (FDC) stimulate rapid @entity6 cell proliferation suggesting that interactions between @entity3 and FDC render @entity3 capable of B cell activation. To understand this, we studied the kinetics of @entity5 (CR1_2) expressions during the GC reaction and determined whether FDC FcgammaRII could bind Fc in @entity3 and block ITIM signaling. @entity0 were immunized with @entity2 red blood cells (SRBC), and CR1_2 and FcgammaRII levels in FDC reticula were monitored. The role of FDC FcgammaRII was studied using anti-BCR-stimulated A20 cells. Levels of FDC FcgammaRII in spleens of SRBC-injected @entity0 increased within 24 h and were dramatically increased (approximately 50-fold) on days 3 and 5. In contrast, CR1_2 levels increased less than twofold. Addition of normal FDC, but not FDC lacking FcgammaRII, reduced and reversed anti-BCR-induced @entity4 phosphorylation in A20 cells. FDC were able to induce normal recall responses even after overnight incubation of the lymphocytes with @entity3 to stimulate ITIM signaling. Engagement of Ig Fc with numerous FcgammaRII on FDC appears to minimize @entity3 -induced ITIM signaling. Thus, rapid up-regulation of FDC FcgammaRII may explain why poorly immunogenic @entity3 are rendered highly immunogenic when presented by FDC in GC.

title: FcgammaRII expression on follicular dendritic cells and immunoreceptor XXXX -based inhibition motif signaling in B cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Ethnic minority @entity0 often receive poorer quality care and have worse outcomes than white @entity0 , yet practice-based approaches to reduce such disparities have not been identified. We determined whether practice-initiated quality improvement (QI) interventions for @entity1 primary care @entity0 improve care across ethnic groups and reduce outcome disparities. STUDY SETTING: The sample consists of 46 primary care practices in 6 U.S. managed care organizations; 181 clinicians; 398 Latinos, 93 African Americans, and 778 white @entity0 with probable @entity1 . STUDY DEIGN: Matched practices were randomized to usual care or one of two QI programs that trained local experts to educate clinicians; nurses to educate, assess, and follow-up with @entity0 ; and psychotherapists to conduct Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. @entity0 and physicians selected treatments. Interventions featured modest accommodations for minority @entity0 (e.g., translations, cultural training for clinicians). DATA EXTRACTION METHODS: Multilevel logistic regression analyses assessed intervention effects within and among ethnic groups. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: At baseline, all ethnic groups Latino, African American, white) had low to moderate rates of appropriate care and the interventions significantly improved appropriate care at six months (by 8-20 percentage points) within each ethnic group, with no significant difference in response by ethnic group. The interventions significantly decreased the likelihood that Latinos and African Americans would report probable @entity1 at months 6 and 12; the white intervention sample did not differ from controls in reported probable @entity1 at either follow-up. While the intervention significantly improved the rate of employment for whites and not for minorities, precision was low for comparing intervention response on this outcome. It is important to note that minorities remained less likely to have appropriate care and more likely to be @entity1 than white @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of quality improvement interventions that have modest accommodations for minority @entity0 can improve quality of care for whites and underserved minorities alike, while minorities may be especially likely to benefit clinically. Further research needs to clarify whether employment benefits are limited to whites and if so, whether this represents a difference in opportunities. Quality improvement programs appear to improve quality of care without increasing disparities, and may offer an approach to reduce health disparities.

title: Improving care for minorities: can quality improvement interventions improve care and outcomes for XXXX minorities? Results of a randomized, controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Protein profiles of brain areas mediating effects of @entity1 hormones on copulation were compared between animals in gonadal @entity1 states predictive of either the presence or absence of copulatory activity. A broad range of proteins present in micropunches of tissue from the medial preoptic area (MPO) and from the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) were compared between male and female @entity0 with gonadal @entity3 present or absent. Half of the animals of each gender were gonadectomized 1 month prior to sacrifice. The remaining males were left intact, while the remaining females were gonadectomized, implanted with @entity2 capsules, and injected with @entity5 prior to sacrifice. These females were screened for sexual receptivity immediately prior to sacrifice. Proteins from the MPO and VMH of each animal were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, @entity4 stained, and quantified by computerized optical densitometry. Several proteins differed in density between gels of high- @entity1 males and and females and between high- @entity1 and absent- @entity1 animals of one or both genders. Two previously reported sex differences were replicated and found to depend on activational effects of gonadal steroids. Several interesting reversal patterns were noted between MPO and VMH, including three proteins that were affected by gonadectomy in the MPO of males, but not females, and in the VMH of females, but not males, thus correlating with sexual function. These included serum albumin (a possible index of local area blood flow) and @entity6 , a glycolytic enzyme of anaerobic metabolism. A probable genetic polymorphism was discovered at a locus whose expression appears to be regulated by gonadal steroids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Proteins regulated by gonadal steroids in the medial preoptic and ventromedial hypothalamic nucleic of male and female XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A personal prospective study of 98 consecutive @entity0 presenting with @entity1 and @entity2 or dislocations between the 9th thoracic and 2nd lumbar vertebrae bodies. Fifty-three @entity0 underwent Harrington instrumentation, and 45 @entity0 were treated recumbently. Neurological improvement was much better following Harrington rods in the complete @entity3 group but there was no difference in neurological recovery between the two groups in those with incomplete @entity3 . Forty-two @entity0 who had been stabilised with Harrington rods underwent post-operative myelography or tomography to assess the adequacy of spinal decompression. The best results were in @entity0 with adequate neural canal decompression. In 21 cases decompression had not been adequate, usually due to a stereotyped pattern in which the postero-superior aspect of the fractured body remained in the neural canal. All 21 underwent anterior decompression at an average of five months post injury. All the incomplete anterior decompression at an average of five months post injury. All the incomplete paraplegics (nine @entity0 ) regained the ability to walk, three of the 12 complete paraplegics improved and regained the ability to walk with bilateral ankle-foot orthoses. Neurological improvement was dependent upon the adequacy of spinal cord decompression and not upon Harrington rods. per se. Harrington rods alone were not adequate to decompress the spinal canal in 50 per cent of cases. The best results after anterior decompression occurred where neural compression was caused by a minimally displaced wedge @entity2 distal to T12.

title: XXXX of the thoraco-lumbar spine.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is characterised by an occlusion of the carotid terminations with the development of collateral vessels. Our objective is to describe a series of @entity0 presenting early-onset @entity4 , which may constitute a distinct entity. METHODS: From a cohort of @entity0 with rare cerebral vascular pathologies, we studied eight @entity0 (28  days-1  year) with early-onset @entity4 demonstrated by angiography. We retrospectively analysed the patterns on MRI and MRA, as well as all other available data. RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 7  months (IQR: 6-8) with arterial @entity2 in the middle cerebral artery territory. All of the @entity0 experienced severe @entity2 recurrence within a median time of 11  months (IQR: 10-12), and all showed extraneurological symptoms. The anterior cerebral circulation was involved in all cases and the posterior circulation was involved in six. Two @entity0 died and all of the other @entity0 suffered permanent @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The presence of extraneurological signs in cases of early-onset @entity4 is suggestive of a newly described systemic @entity3 with predominantly cerebrovascular expression. Given its rapid progression marked by severe recurrent @entity2 and poor clinical outcome, early diagnosis could help in the decision to institute aggressive therapy.

title: Early-onset XXXX and extraneurological signs: a first reported paediatric series.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cardiovascular (CV) @entity3 is an important cause of failure during drug development. Blood-based biomarkers can be used to detect CV @entity3 during preclinical development and prioritize compounds at lower risk of causing such @entity3 . Evidence of @entity4 can be detected by measuring concentrations of biomarkers such as @entity13 and @entity7 kinase in blood; however, detection of functional changes in the CV system, such as blood pressure, generally requires studies in animals with surgically implanted pressure transducers. This is a significant limitation because sustained changes in blood pressure are often accompanied by changes in heart rate and together can lead to @entity8 and @entity4 in animals, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in @entity0 . Increased concentrations of NPs in blood correlate with higher risk of cardiac mortality, all-cause mortality, and MACE in @entity0 . Their utility as biomarkers of CV function and @entity3 in rodents was investigated by exploring the relationships between plasma concentrations of NTproANP and NTproBNP, blood pressure, heart rate, and heart weight in @entity1 administered compounds that caused @entity5 or @entity2 , including @entity6 , @entity14 , @entity11 , @entity12 , @entity9 , or @entity10 for 1-2 weeks. Changes in NTproANP and/or NTproBNP concentrations were inversely correlated with changes in blood pressure. NTproANP and NTproBNP concentrations were inconsistently correlated with relative heart weights. In addition, increased heart rate was associated with increased heart weights. These studies support the use of natriuretic peptides and heart rate to detect changes in blood pressure and @entity8 in short-duration @entity1 studies.

title: Natriuretic Peptides as Cardiovascular Safety Biomarkers in XXXX : Comparison With Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Heart Weight.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity8 dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET) is used to identify @entity1 @entity6 non-invasively. Its routine clinical implementation, however, has been hampered by the long acquisition times required. We investigated the feasibility of kinetic modeling using shortened acquisition times in @entity8 dPET, with the goal of expediting the clinical implementation of @entity8 dPET protocols. METHODS: Six @entity0 with @entity7 of the @entity4 and ten HT29 @entity2 -bearing nude @entity3 were studied. In addition to an @entity5 PET scan, each @entity0 underwent a 45-min @entity8 dPET scan, followed by 10 min acquisitions at 96  4 and 163  17 min post-injection. Ninety-minute @entity8 dPET acquisitions were performed in animals. Intra- @entity1 voxels were classified into 4 clusters based on their kinetic behavior using k-means clustering. Kinetic modeling was carried out using the foregoing @entity11 ( @entity11 ) and repeated for each of two shortened datasets corresponding to the first ~100 min ( @entity9 ; @entity0 only) or the first 45 min (SD2) of dPET data. The kinetic rate constants (KRCs) as calculated with a 2-compartment model for both @entity9 and SD2 were compared to those derived from @entity11 by correlation (Pearson), regression (Passing-Bablok), deviation (Bland-Altman) and classification (area under receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC) analyses. Simulations were performed to assess uncertainties due to statistical noise. RESULTS: Strong correlation (r>= 0.75, p<0.001) existed between all KRCs deduced from both @entity9 and SD2, and from @entity11 . Significant differences between KRCs were only found for @entity11 -SD2 correlations in @entity0 studies. @entity10 were reproducible to within ~6% and ~30% ( @entity11 - @entity9 ; @entity0 ) and ~4% and ~75% ( @entity11 -SD2; animals). AUC values for classification of @entity0 clusters as @entity6 , using a @entity1 -to-blood ratio>1.2, were 0.91 ( @entity9 ) and 0.86 (SD2). The percentage standard deviation in estimating @entity10 from 45-min shortened datasets due to noise was <1% and between 2-12% respectively. CONCLUSION: Using single-session 45-min shortened @entity8 dynamic PET datasets appears to be adequate for the identification of intra- @entity1 regions of @entity6 . However, k3 was significantly overestimated in the clinical cohort. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical significance of differences between the results as calculated from full and shortened datasets.

title: Feasibility of XXXX kinetic modeling in @entity4 using shortened acquisition times.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity8 dynamic positron emission tomography (dPET) is used to identify @entity1 @entity6 non-invasively. Its routine clinical implementation, however, has been hampered by the long acquisition times required. We investigated the feasibility of kinetic modeling using shortened acquisition times in @entity8 dPET, with the goal of expediting the clinical implementation of @entity8 dPET protocols. METHODS: Six @entity0 with @entity7 of the @entity4 and ten HT29 @entity2 -bearing nude @entity3 were studied. In addition to an @entity5 PET scan, each @entity0 underwent a 45-min @entity8 dPET scan, followed by 10 min acquisitions at 96  4 and 163  17 min post-injection. Ninety-minute @entity8 dPET acquisitions were performed in animals. Intra- @entity1 voxels were classified into 4 clusters based on their kinetic behavior using k-means clustering. Kinetic modeling was carried out using the foregoing @entity11 ( @entity11 ) and repeated for each of two shortened datasets corresponding to the first ~100 min ( @entity9 ; @entity0 only) or the first 45 min (SD2) of dPET data. The kinetic rate constants (KRCs) as calculated with a 2-compartment model for both @entity9 and SD2 were compared to those derived from @entity11 by correlation (Pearson), regression (Passing-Bablok), deviation (Bland-Altman) and classification (area under receiver operating characteristic curve; AUC) analyses. Simulations were performed to assess uncertainties due to statistical noise. RESULTS: Strong correlation (r>= 0.75, p<0.001) existed between all KRCs deduced from both @entity9 and SD2, and from @entity11 . Significant differences between KRCs were only found for @entity11 -SD2 correlations in @entity0 studies. @entity10 were reproducible to within ~6% and ~30% ( @entity11 - @entity9 ; @entity0 ) and ~4% and ~75% ( @entity11 -SD2; animals). AUC values for classification of @entity0 clusters as @entity6 , using a @entity1 -to-blood ratio>1.2, were 0.91 ( @entity9 ) and 0.86 (SD2). The percentage standard deviation in estimating @entity10 from 45-min shortened datasets due to noise was <1% and between 2-12% respectively. CONCLUSION: Using single-session 45-min shortened @entity8 dynamic PET datasets appears to be adequate for the identification of intra- @entity1 regions of @entity6 . However, k3 was significantly overestimated in the clinical cohort. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical significance of differences between the results as calculated from full and shortened datasets.

title: Feasibility of @entity8 kinetic modeling in XXXX using shortened acquisition times.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Acute @entity2 exacerbations account for much of the rising disability and costs associated with @entity2 , but data on predictive risk factors are limited. The goal of the current study was to develop a robust, clinically based model to predict frequent exacerbation risk. @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 identified from the Optimum @entity0 Care Research Database (OPCRD) with a diagnostic code for @entity2 and a forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio <0.7 were included in this historical follow-up study if they were >= 40 years old and had data encompassing the year before (predictor year) and year after (outcome year) study index date. The data set contained potential risk factors including demographic, clinical, and comorbid variables. Following univariable analysis, predictors of two or more exacerbations were fed into a stepwise multivariable logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for subpopulations of @entity0 without any @entity1 diagnosis ever and those with questionnaire data on symptoms and smoking pack-years. The full predictive model was validated against 1 year of prospective OPCRD data. RESULTS: The full data set contained 16,565 @entity0 (53% male, median age 70 years), including 9,393 @entity0 without any recorded @entity1 and 3,713 @entity0 with questionnaire data. The full model retained eleven variables that significantly predicted two or more exacerbations, of which the number of exacerbations in the preceding year had the strongest association; others included height, age, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and several comorbid conditions. Significant predictors not previously identified included @entity3 and @entity2 Assessment Test score. The predictive ability of the full model (C statistic 0.751) changed little when applied to the validation data set (n=2,713; C statistic 0.735). Results of the sensitivity analyses supported the main findings. CONCLUSION: @entity0 at risk of exacerbation can be identified from routinely available, computerized primary care data. Further study is needed to validate the model in other @entity0 populations.

title: Predicting frequent XXXX exacerbations using primary care data.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity6 is a @entity10 caused by excessive secretion of @entity7 , secondary to a @entity7 secreting @entity4 or a mixed @entity4 secreting @entity7 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue on @entity7 and @entity1 levels in a group of 30 @entity0 with @entity6 . @entity11 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity8 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity0 were treated with @entity12 30 mg/week and @entity11 2 mg/week and 3 @entity0 were treated with @entity9 10 mg/day and @entity8 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity11 and @entity8 achieved normal levels of @entity1 in 32% of the @entity0 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity11 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity1 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity11 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity1 was achieved in 25% of @entity0 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity8 and @entity9 was similar to that obtained under @entity11 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity7 and the type or dose of @entity3 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity1 levels in @entity0 with mixed @entity2 secreting @entity7 and PRL. A decrease in @entity1 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity11 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: XXXX analogues and @entity3 agonists on @entity7 and @entity1 levels in @entity6 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity6 is a @entity10 caused by excessive secretion of @entity7 , secondary to a @entity7 secreting @entity4 or a mixed @entity4 secreting @entity7 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue on @entity7 and @entity1 levels in a group of 30 @entity0 with @entity6 . @entity11 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity8 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity0 were treated with @entity12 30 mg/week and @entity11 2 mg/week and 3 @entity0 were treated with @entity9 10 mg/day and @entity8 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity11 and @entity8 achieved normal levels of @entity1 in 32% of the @entity0 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity11 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity1 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity11 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity1 was achieved in 25% of @entity0 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity8 and @entity9 was similar to that obtained under @entity11 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity7 and the type or dose of @entity3 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity1 levels in @entity0 with mixed @entity2 secreting @entity7 and PRL. A decrease in @entity1 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity11 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: @entity5 analogues and @entity3 agonists on XXXX and @entity1 levels in @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity6 is a @entity10 caused by excessive secretion of @entity7 , secondary to a @entity7 secreting @entity4 or a mixed @entity4 secreting @entity7 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue on @entity7 and @entity1 levels in a group of 30 @entity0 with @entity6 . @entity11 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity8 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity0 were treated with @entity12 30 mg/week and @entity11 2 mg/week and 3 @entity0 were treated with @entity9 10 mg/day and @entity8 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity11 and @entity8 achieved normal levels of @entity1 in 32% of the @entity0 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity11 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity1 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity11 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity1 was achieved in 25% of @entity0 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity8 and @entity9 was similar to that obtained under @entity11 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity7 and the type or dose of @entity3 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity1 levels in @entity0 with mixed @entity2 secreting @entity7 and PRL. A decrease in @entity1 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity11 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: @entity5 analogues and @entity3 agonists on @entity7 and XXXX levels in @entity6 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity6 is a @entity10 caused by excessive secretion of @entity7 , secondary to a @entity7 secreting @entity4 or a mixed @entity4 secreting @entity7 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue on @entity7 and @entity1 levels in a group of 30 @entity0 with @entity6 . @entity11 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity8 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity0 were treated with @entity12 30 mg/week and @entity11 2 mg/week and 3 @entity0 were treated with @entity9 10 mg/day and @entity8 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity11 and @entity8 achieved normal levels of @entity1 in 32% of the @entity0 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity11 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity1 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity11 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity1 was achieved in 25% of @entity0 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity8 and @entity9 was similar to that obtained under @entity11 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity7 and the type or dose of @entity3 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity1 levels in @entity0 with mixed @entity2 secreting @entity7 and PRL. A decrease in @entity1 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity11 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: @entity5 analogues and XXXX agonists on @entity7 and @entity1 levels in @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity6 is a @entity10 caused by excessive secretion of @entity7 , secondary to a @entity7 secreting @entity4 or a mixed @entity4 secreting @entity7 and PRL. METHODS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combination therapy: @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue on @entity7 and @entity1 levels in a group of 30 @entity0 with @entity6 . @entity11 in a dose of 2 mg/week and 4 mg/week respectively was associated with @entity8 LAR in a dose of 20 mg/month and 30 mg/months respectively. Eight @entity0 were treated with @entity12 30 mg/week and @entity11 2 mg/week and 3 @entity0 were treated with @entity9 10 mg/day and @entity8 LAR 30 mg/month. RESULTS: Combination therapy: @entity11 and @entity8 achieved normal levels of @entity1 in 32% of the @entity0 , better results being obtained after 12 months of treatment in the group treated with 4 mg @entity11 /week. In 37% of cases the levels of @entity1 decreased by 50% after 12 months of treatment. In the group treated with @entity11 and Somatuline a normal level of @entity1 was achieved in 25% of @entity0 after 12 months of treatment. The outcome for the group treated with @entity8 and @entity9 was similar to that obtained under @entity11 2 mg/week. There was no significant correlation between the level of @entity7 and the type or dose of @entity3 agonist used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, combination therapy consisting of @entity3 agonist and @entity5 analogue achieves a significant reduction of @entity1 levels in @entity0 with mixed @entity2 secreting @entity7 and PRL. A decrease in @entity1 levels is directly correlated with the dose of @entity11 used.

title: Effects of combination therapy: @entity5 analogues and @entity3 agonists on @entity7 and @entity1 levels in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose (45  mg) intravesical bacille Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG) therapy in the treatment of @entity0 with non-muscle-invasive @entity2 (NMIBC), as intravesical BCG is the most acceptable adjuvant therapy for NMI transitional cell @entity2 . However, in the standard regimen, undesirable effects are the main cause of treatment discontinuation. @entity0 AND METHODS: The present study included 37 @entity0 with primary NIMBC. All @entity0 underwent complete TURB and 2  weeks later, a 6-week course of 45  mg BCG diluted in 50  mL isotonic saline was instilled into the bladder and retained for 2  h. @entity0 were evaluated for BCG efficacy (recurrence with or without progression) and safety by documentation of minor and/or major side-effects. RESULTS: There were no major or severe side-effects and no treatment discontinuations. Local adverse effects occurred in 20 @entity0 , while systemic effects, in the form of @entity3 , occurred in six @entity0 (16.2%). There was recurrence in 14 @entity0 (37.8%) after 18-34  months, with disease progression ( @entity4 ) in four (10.8%) after 6-18  months. The recurrence index was 0.39/100 @entity0 /month and the mean (range) @entity1 -free period was 30.97 (7-36) months. CONCLUSION: Low-dose BCG intravesical therapy is an effective adjuvant treatment in NMIBC. However, this needs to be validated in future studies and in comparison with other proposed doses and/or regimens.

title: Low-dose bacille Calmette-Gu  rin for non-muscle-invasive XXXX : Results of a prospective study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity1 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, @entity8 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity1 @entity0 with associated @entity5 and/or @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with clinically inactive to mild @entity1 and a joint @entity2 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity7 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity0 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity8 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity8 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity0 (9%), @entity8 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity3 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity1 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity0 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity7 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity6 inhibitor in @entity1 @entity0 with @entity5 and/or @entity7 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, XXXX , in @entity1 -associated peripheral @entity4 and @entity7 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity1 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, @entity8 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity1 @entity0 with associated @entity5 and/or @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with clinically inactive to mild @entity1 and a joint @entity2 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity7 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity0 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity8 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity8 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity0 (9%), @entity8 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity3 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity1 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity0 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity7 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity6 inhibitor in @entity1 @entity0 with @entity5 and/or @entity7 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, @entity8 , in XXXX -associated peripheral @entity4 and @entity7 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity1 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, @entity8 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity1 @entity0 with associated @entity5 and/or @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with clinically inactive to mild @entity1 and a joint @entity2 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity7 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity0 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity8 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity8 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity0 (9%), @entity8 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity3 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity1 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity0 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity7 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity6 inhibitor in @entity1 @entity0 with @entity5 and/or @entity7 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective XXXX inhibitor, @entity8 , in @entity1 -associated peripheral @entity4 and @entity7 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity1 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, @entity8 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity1 @entity0 with associated @entity5 and/or @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with clinically inactive to mild @entity1 and a joint @entity2 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity7 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity0 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity8 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity8 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity0 (9%), @entity8 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity3 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity1 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity0 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity7 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity6 inhibitor in @entity1 @entity0 with @entity5 and/or @entity7 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, @entity8 , in @entity1 -associated peripheral @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been associated with an increased risk of exacerbation of @entity1 . AIM: To evaluate, in a prospective, open-label study, the safety and efficacy of a 20-day regimen of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, @entity8 , 12.5-25 mg/day, in @entity1 @entity0 with associated @entity5 and/or @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with clinically inactive to mild @entity1 and a joint @entity2 score of at least two points on a scale ranging from zero (none) to four (very poor) were eligible. Response was defined by a decrease of at least two points in the @entity7 score. RESULTS: Of the 32 @entity0 included, 26 (81%) were treated with @entity8 , 25 mg/day, and six (19%) with @entity8 , 12.5 mg/day. In three @entity0 (9%), @entity8 had to be withdrawn after a few days due to @entity3 which ceased immediately after drug discontinuation. No flare of @entity1 occurred. Thirteen of the 32 @entity0 (41%) were responders and, overall, the @entity7 score decreased from two to one (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first prospective study on the use of a selective @entity6 inhibitor in @entity1 @entity0 with @entity5 and/or @entity7 . The promising safety and efficacy profile warrants further evaluation in controlled trials.

title: An open-label trial of the selective @entity6 inhibitor, @entity8 , in @entity1 -associated peripheral XXXX and @entity7 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 iontophoresis is a method of topical anesthesia in which @entity4 is driven into the skin under the influence of electric current. OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity4 iontophoresis to placebo for topical anesthesia before shave biopsy in adult @entity0 . METHODS: This was a single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of iontophoresis of 2% @entity4 with 1:100,000 epinephrine in @entity0 undergoing shave biopsy. @entity0 were evaluated for sensation to pinprick after iontophoresis. After completion of the procedure, those @entity0 who did not receive supplemental @entity4 rated the @entity2 associated with the procedure using a 10-cm visual analog scale. The investigator also evaluated the @entity0 's @entity2 after biopsy. Treatment sites were examined for evidence of adverse events such as erythema, @entity1 , or burns. RESULTS: Forty-one @entity0 undergoing shave biopsy for evaluation of @entity3 were enrolled. Nineteen of 21 @entity0 in the @entity4 group versus 2 of 20 placebo @entity0 required no supplemental anesthesia (P<0.001). The @entity2 reported by the @entity0 on the visual analog scale subsequent to the procedure was significantly lower in the @entity4 group (P<0.001). In concordance with the results reported by the @entity0 , investigators rated @entity2 lower in the @entity4 group (P<0.001). Blanching and/or erythema occurring at the iontophoresis-treated site in 37 of 41 @entity0 resolved within 1 hour. There were no other treatment-related events. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 iontophoresis is a safe and effective method of administering topical anesthesia before shave biopsy in adult @entity0 .

title: XXXX iontophoresis for local anesthesia before shave biopsy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity5 is an @entity3 caused by a defective lysosomal enzyme, @entity7 , and characterized by @entity1 and multiorgan involvement, including kidney, heart, and the central nervous system. Currently more than 200 genotypes have been identified, including several aberrant splicing. However, most of the mutation analyses were performed using genomic sequencing only, and therefore some of the splicing mutations were misclassified as missense mutations. In order to predict the splicing event caused by each mutation, we conducted a literature search for all published mutations located near the splice sites, including exonic point mutations, and performed a splice-site score (SSS) analysis. The literature search identified 13 donor-site mutations, including four exonic mutations ( @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity10 , and @entity11 ), located at the end of exons 1, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, six acceptor-site mutations, and one new exon creation. All mutated splice sites, except for the one associated with the new exon creation, had a lower SSS than their respective natural sites. @entity6 or newly created sites were identified with SSS from 0.09 to 1.0. The predictions, based on SSS analysis, are in agreement with all six mutations with known cDNA sequence from the literature, including five mutations with exon skipping and one mutation with creation of a new acceptor site. For the @entity8 genotype, we performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis using RNA isolated from the whole-blood sample. We verified that a weak @entity6 site (SSS = 0.09) 14 @entity4 downstream was activated and resulted in an insertion of 14 bp and a frameshift stop at codon 106. This change is more consistent with the clinical presentation of the @entity0 , the classical @entity5 , than the @entity2 substitution ( @entity8 ), which does not affect the enzyme function. In conclusion, the SSS analysis is very useful for predicting splicing events and genotype/phenotype correlation in @entity5 . As different mechanisms may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing, it is important to obtain cDNA sequencing for molecular diagnosis.

title: Analysis of splice-site mutations of the XXXX gene in @entity5 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity5 is an @entity3 caused by a defective lysosomal enzyme, @entity7 , and characterized by @entity1 and multiorgan involvement, including kidney, heart, and the central nervous system. Currently more than 200 genotypes have been identified, including several aberrant splicing. However, most of the mutation analyses were performed using genomic sequencing only, and therefore some of the splicing mutations were misclassified as missense mutations. In order to predict the splicing event caused by each mutation, we conducted a literature search for all published mutations located near the splice sites, including exonic point mutations, and performed a splice-site score (SSS) analysis. The literature search identified 13 donor-site mutations, including four exonic mutations ( @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity10 , and @entity11 ), located at the end of exons 1, 3, 4, and 5, respectively, six acceptor-site mutations, and one new exon creation. All mutated splice sites, except for the one associated with the new exon creation, had a lower SSS than their respective natural sites. @entity6 or newly created sites were identified with SSS from 0.09 to 1.0. The predictions, based on SSS analysis, are in agreement with all six mutations with known cDNA sequence from the literature, including five mutations with exon skipping and one mutation with creation of a new acceptor site. For the @entity8 genotype, we performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis using RNA isolated from the whole-blood sample. We verified that a weak @entity6 site (SSS = 0.09) 14 @entity4 downstream was activated and resulted in an insertion of 14 bp and a frameshift stop at codon 106. This change is more consistent with the clinical presentation of the @entity0 , the classical @entity5 , than the @entity2 substitution ( @entity8 ), which does not affect the enzyme function. In conclusion, the SSS analysis is very useful for predicting splicing events and genotype/phenotype correlation in @entity5 . As different mechanisms may be involved in pre-mRNA splicing, it is important to obtain cDNA sequencing for molecular diagnosis.

title: Analysis of splice-site mutations of the @entity7 gene in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: While there is mounting knowledge about the structure and diversity of insect neuronal nicotinic @entity4 receptors, less attention has been directed towards their intracellular regulation by @entity1 -mediated activation or inhibition of protein phosphorylation. The main goal of this work was to delineate the chain of molecular events that lead to the up- and down-regulation by two protein kinase Cs of an insect neuronal alpha-bungarotoxin-resistant nicotinic @entity4 receptor (called nAChR1). The native nicotinic @entity4 receptor intracellular regulation was studied on dissociated adult dorsal unpaired median neurons isolated from the terminal abdominal ganglion of the cockroach @entity2 using whole-cell patch-clamp technique and @entity1 imaging. We report that under 0.5 micro malpha-bungarotoxin treatment, the inward current produced by pressure ejection application of @entity6 onto the cell body was differentially sensitive to specific protein kinase C activators and inhibitors. The @entity10 PMA produced a @entity1 -dependent increase in current amplitude blocked by @entity3 . By contrast, the @entity7 analogue @entity13 produced a @entity1 -independent reduction of the nicotinic response, reversed by @entity12 and @entity3 . This indicated that two protein kinase C isozymes ('classical' and 'novel' protein kinase C, named PKC1 and PKC2, respectively) up- and down-regulated nicotinic @entity4 receptor function. @entity9 and @entity13 effects were mimicked by @entity8 -sensitive M1 muscarinic receptor subtype coupled to phospholipase C second messenger pathway. Low concentration of muscarine elevated internal @entity1 levels, which thereby activated PKC1. By contrast, a high concentration of @entity11 strongly increased [ @entity0 ]i, which induced inhibition of PKC1. This effect was reversed by @entity5 , suggesting the implication of PP2B which unmasked PKC2 activity mediating down-regulation of nicotinic @entity4 receptor.

title: Two distinct XXXX -sensitive and -insensitive PKC up- and down-regulate an alpha-bungarotoxin-resistant nAChR1 in insect neurosecretory cells (DUM neurons).

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether, in @entity0 , oral @entity8 reduces @entity6 frequency, severity, and associated features compared to placebo. BACKGROUND: There is no single, safe, widely well-tolerated, and effective prophylactic treatment for all @entity0 and adolescents with frequent @entity6 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. METHODS: This study was conducted between June 1997 and January 2000 using 7 selected Northern California Kaiser Permanente sites. We recruited @entity0 of ages 3 to 17 years who reported a 4-week history of at least weekly, moderate-to-severe @entity1 with a throbbing or pulsatile quality, associated @entity5 / @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity7 , sonophobia, or relief with sleep, but no fever or evidence of @entity2 . Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either @entity8 (9 mg/kg per day by mouth divided 3 times a day with food) (n = 58) or matching placebo (n = 60) for 16 weeks. The number of @entity1 days (days with at least one @entity1 ) during each of eight 2-week intervals was chosen to be the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: Of those enrolled, 86 (73%) completed the study (42 received @entity8 and 44 placebo); 74 of 192 eligible subjects declined to participate. Baseline information on demographic factors, health status, and @entity1 history was similar comparing the 2 groups. By intention-to-treat analysis, we found a statistically significant decrease over time in @entity1 frequency in the @entity8 group (P =.0037) but not in the placebo group (P =.086), although the slopes of these 2 lines were not statistically significantly different from each other (P =.88). The group treated with @entity8 had significantly lower @entity1 severity (P =.0029) relative to the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not unequivocally determine whether oral @entity8 is or is not superior to placebo in preventing frequent @entity6 in @entity0 , but treatment with the active agent did lead to a significant reduction in @entity1 days. Larger trials involving this safe, appealing complementary therapy are needed.

title: Oral XXXX prophylaxis of frequent @entity6 in @entity0 : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether, in @entity0 , oral @entity8 reduces @entity6 frequency, severity, and associated features compared to placebo. BACKGROUND: There is no single, safe, widely well-tolerated, and effective prophylactic treatment for all @entity0 and adolescents with frequent @entity6 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. METHODS: This study was conducted between June 1997 and January 2000 using 7 selected Northern California Kaiser Permanente sites. We recruited @entity0 of ages 3 to 17 years who reported a 4-week history of at least weekly, moderate-to-severe @entity1 with a throbbing or pulsatile quality, associated @entity5 / @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity7 , sonophobia, or relief with sleep, but no fever or evidence of @entity2 . Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either @entity8 (9 mg/kg per day by mouth divided 3 times a day with food) (n = 58) or matching placebo (n = 60) for 16 weeks. The number of @entity1 days (days with at least one @entity1 ) during each of eight 2-week intervals was chosen to be the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: Of those enrolled, 86 (73%) completed the study (42 received @entity8 and 44 placebo); 74 of 192 eligible subjects declined to participate. Baseline information on demographic factors, health status, and @entity1 history was similar comparing the 2 groups. By intention-to-treat analysis, we found a statistically significant decrease over time in @entity1 frequency in the @entity8 group (P =.0037) but not in the placebo group (P =.086), although the slopes of these 2 lines were not statistically significantly different from each other (P =.88). The group treated with @entity8 had significantly lower @entity1 severity (P =.0029) relative to the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not unequivocally determine whether oral @entity8 is or is not superior to placebo in preventing frequent @entity6 in @entity0 , but treatment with the active agent did lead to a significant reduction in @entity1 days. Larger trials involving this safe, appealing complementary therapy are needed.

title: Oral @entity8 prophylaxis of frequent XXXX in @entity0 : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether, in @entity0 , oral @entity8 reduces @entity6 frequency, severity, and associated features compared to placebo. BACKGROUND: There is no single, safe, widely well-tolerated, and effective prophylactic treatment for all @entity0 and adolescents with frequent @entity6 . DESIGN: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. METHODS: This study was conducted between June 1997 and January 2000 using 7 selected Northern California Kaiser Permanente sites. We recruited @entity0 of ages 3 to 17 years who reported a 4-week history of at least weekly, moderate-to-severe @entity1 with a throbbing or pulsatile quality, associated @entity5 / @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity7 , sonophobia, or relief with sleep, but no fever or evidence of @entity2 . Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either @entity8 (9 mg/kg per day by mouth divided 3 times a day with food) (n = 58) or matching placebo (n = 60) for 16 weeks. The number of @entity1 days (days with at least one @entity1 ) during each of eight 2-week intervals was chosen to be the primary outcome variable. RESULTS: Of those enrolled, 86 (73%) completed the study (42 received @entity8 and 44 placebo); 74 of 192 eligible subjects declined to participate. Baseline information on demographic factors, health status, and @entity1 history was similar comparing the 2 groups. By intention-to-treat analysis, we found a statistically significant decrease over time in @entity1 frequency in the @entity8 group (P =.0037) but not in the placebo group (P =.086), although the slopes of these 2 lines were not statistically significantly different from each other (P =.88). The group treated with @entity8 had significantly lower @entity1 severity (P =.0029) relative to the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not unequivocally determine whether oral @entity8 is or is not superior to placebo in preventing frequent @entity6 in @entity0 , but treatment with the active agent did lead to a significant reduction in @entity1 days. Larger trials involving this safe, appealing complementary therapy are needed.

title: Oral @entity8 prophylaxis of frequent @entity6 in XXXX : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity1 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity2 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity0 @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity5 in relation to the development of @entity2 and @entity4 , and on the development of @entity7 and @entity6 in relation to the development of @entity1 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity3 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity6 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity0 @entity8 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity4 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity3 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity0 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity1 and the development of its precursors, @entity7 and @entity6 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity1 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity2 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity4 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity1 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity7 or @entity6 . Neither @entity0 @entity8 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity5 .

title: The influence of @entity0 @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, @entity5 , @entity7 , XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity0 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity1 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity2 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity0 @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity5 in relation to the development of @entity2 and @entity4 , and on the development of @entity7 and @entity6 in relation to the development of @entity1 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity3 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity6 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity0 @entity8 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity4 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity3 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity0 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity1 and the development of its precursors, @entity7 and @entity6 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity1 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity2 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity4 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity1 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity7 or @entity6 . Neither @entity0 @entity8 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity5 .

title: The influence of @entity0 XXXX and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity3 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity0 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity1 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity2 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity0 @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity5 in relation to the development of @entity2 and @entity4 , and on the development of @entity7 and @entity6 in relation to the development of @entity1 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity3 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity6 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity0 @entity8 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity4 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity3 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity0 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity1 and the development of its precursors, @entity7 and @entity6 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity1 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity2 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity4 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity1 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity7 or @entity6 . Neither @entity0 @entity8 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity5 .

title: The influence of @entity0 @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, XXXX , @entity7 , @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity0 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity1 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity2 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity0 @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity5 in relation to the development of @entity2 and @entity4 , and on the development of @entity7 and @entity6 in relation to the development of @entity1 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity3 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity6 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity0 @entity8 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity4 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity3 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity0 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity1 and the development of its precursors, @entity7 and @entity6 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity1 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity2 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity4 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity1 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity7 or @entity6 . Neither @entity0 @entity8 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity5 .

title: The influence of @entity0 @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, @entity5 , XXXX , @entity3 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity0 are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity1 . Chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known as the most important risk factor for the development of actinic keratoses and @entity2 . The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of @entity0 @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the development of actinic keratoses and @entity5 in relation to the development of @entity2 and @entity4 , and on the development of @entity7 and @entity6 in relation to the development of @entity1 . We made use of a cohort of 966 individuals who participated in a case-control study to investigate environmental and genetic risk factors for @entity3 . Exposure measurements for sunlight were collected and actinic keratoses, @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity6 were counted. Relative risks were estimated using exposure odds ratios from cross-tabulation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. The recall of @entity0 @entity8 before the age of 20 y was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity4 as well as actinic keratoses. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.5 (0.97; 2.3); 1.6 (1.1; 2.2); 2.6 (1.7; 3.8); and 1.9 (1.4; 2.6) for the three types of @entity3 and actinic keratoses, respectively. @entity0 before the age of 20 y were also associated with an increased risk of @entity1 and the development of its precursors, @entity7 and @entity6 . Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals adjusted for age, sex, and skin type were 1.4 (0.86; 2.1); 1.5 (1.1; 2.0); and 1.4 (0.88; 2.3) for @entity1 and the two types of precursors, respectively. Lifetime sun exposure was predominantly associated with an increased risk of @entity2 (p-value for trend=0.03) and actinic keratoses (p-value for trend <0.0001) and to a lesser degree with the two types of @entity4 . By contrast, lifetime sun exposure appeared to be associated with a lower risk of @entity1 , despite the fact that lifetime sun exposure did not diminish the number of @entity7 or @entity6 . Neither @entity0 @entity8 nor lifetime sun exposure were associated with an increased risk of @entity5 .

title: The influence of XXXX @entity8 and lifetime sun exposure on the risk of actinic keratoses, @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the evidence of effectiveness of surgical vs. non-surgical therapy for the treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: A search was conducted for randomized controlled trials of at least 12 months duration comparing surgical with non-surgical treatment of @entity5 . Data sources included the National Library of Medicine computerised bibliographic database MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Oral Health Group (COHG) Specialist Trials Register. Screening, data abstraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by multiple reviewers (L.H., F.H., L.T.). The primary outcome measures evaluated were gain in clinical attachment level (CAL) and reduction in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: The search provided 589 abstracts of which six randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis evaluation of these studies indicated that 12 months following treatment, surgical therapy resulted in 0.6 mm more @entity3 reduction (WMD 0.58 mm; 95% CI 0.38, 0.79) and 0.2 mm more @entity1 (WMD 0.19 mm; 95% CI 0.04, 0.35) than non-surgical therapy in deep pockets (>6 mm). In 4-6 mm pockets scaling and root planing resulted in 0.4 mm more @entity2 (WMD -0.37 mm; 95% CI -0.49, -0.26) and 0.4 mm less probing depth reduction (WMD 0.35 mm; 95% CI 0.23, 0.47) than surgical therapy. In shallow pockets (1-3 mm) non-surgical therapy resulted in 0.5 mm less @entity4 (WMD -0.51 mm; 95% CI -0.74, -0.29) than surgical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Both scaling and root planing alone and scaling and root planing combined with flap procedure are effective methods for the treatment of @entity5 in terms of attachment level gain and reduction in @entity0 . In the treatment of deep pockets open flap debridement results in greater @entity1 .

title: A systematic review of the effect of surgical debridement vs non-surgical debridement for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: This study used epidemiologic methods to examine @entity1 in the elderly. The Framingham Heart Study Cohort was the reference population. The @entity0 were 935 @entity0 and 1358 @entity0 , aged 57 to 89 years. Using a conservative definition of @entity1 as threshold levels greater than 20 dB above audiometric zero for at least one frequency from 0.5 to 4 kHz, the prevalence was estimated to be 83%. The majority of cases displayed a @entity2 . There were no statistically significant differences by sex at 1 kHz and below. @entity0 had significantly better hearing than @entity0 at 2 kHz and above. A multivariate model was constructed to determine which variables had a significant impact upon @entity1 . Under the model, age, sex, illness, family history of @entity1 , @entity3 , and noise exposure were significant population risk factors. Age was by far the most critical risk factor.

title: XXXX in the elderly: an epidemiologic study of the Framingham Heart Study Cohort.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Many @entity4 can cause @entity7 . The spectrum of potentially embolic cardiac conditions is wide; early recognition may determine a definite change in the management and prognosis of @entity0 . In recent years the relevance of echocardiography in the screening of @entity0 with @entity10 has been emphasized. In order to identify potentially embolic cardiac conditions, 180 consecutive non selected @entity0 with @entity9 , underwent a clinical cardiological evaluation and an echocardiogram. The study population included 132 @entity0 and 48 @entity0 ; the mean age was 51.7 years (range 19 to 72 years). A technically adequate echocardiogram was obtained in 153 @entity0 . In 131 @entity0 echocardiography was negative; @entity4 were detected in 22 @entity0 (14.4%): mitral stenosis in 2, calcified @entity6 in 1, @entity5 vegetations in 3, dilatative @entity3 in 2, @entity8 in 4, @entity11 in 4, regional left @entity1 in 5, mitral anulus calcification in 1. @entity0 were divided into 3 groups according to the results of cerebral angiography: 68 @entity0 with normal angiography (Group I), 54 @entity0 with @entity2 on cerebral angiography (Group II), 31 @entity0 in whom cerebral angiography was not performed (Group III). A higher incidence of @entity4 was found in the @entity0 of Group I. The lack of lesions on cerebral angiography and the presence of embolic high-risk cardiac conditions strengthened a causal relationship of the @entity4 with @entity9 in 10 of the 23 @entity0 . In the mean follow-up period of 18 months of these 10 @entity0 who underwent cardiac surgery or anticoagulation, no further attacks of @entity9 were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Cardiopathy and XXXX . Prospective study with two-dimensional echocardiography].

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although the expression levels of total @entity5 -binding proteins (GNBPs) were up-regulated significantly in @entity0 hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activated with transforming growth factor-b1( @entity3 ), yet little is known about the precise types, distribution and sub-cellular localization of the GNBPs in HSCs. Here, 264 GNBPs from the activated HSCs and 257 GNBPs from the quiescent HSCs were identified and annotated. A total of 46 GNBPs were estimated to be significantly up-regulated and 40 GNBPs were estimated to be significantly down-regulated in the activated HSCs. For example, the GNBPs (i.e. @entity9 , @entity7 , and @entity8 ) responsible for the regulation of protein binding were up-regulated, and those (i.e. @entity11 , @entity10 , and @entity4 ) responsible for the regulation of protein binding were down-regulated in the activated HSCs. The motifs of the isolated GNBPs showed that @entity2 residue had the maximum preference in consensus sequences. The western blotting showed the expression levels of @entity7 , and @entity6 were significantly up-regulated, while, the expression level of CLIC1(B5) was down-regulated in the activated HSCs and liver @entity1 tissues. Moreover, the GNBPs were sub-localized in the Golgi apparatus of HSCs. In conclusion, the precision alteration of the GNBPs referred to pathological changes in liver @entity1 / @entity1 may provide useful information to find new molecular mechanism of HSC activation and discover the biomarkers for diagnosis of liver @entity1 / @entity1 as well as development of new anti-fibrotic strategies.

title: Characterization and Sub-cellular Localization of XXXX -Binding Proteins Isolated from @entity0 Hepatic Stellate Cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although the expression levels of total @entity5 -binding proteins (GNBPs) were up-regulated significantly in @entity0 hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activated with transforming growth factor-b1( @entity3 ), yet little is known about the precise types, distribution and sub-cellular localization of the GNBPs in HSCs. Here, 264 GNBPs from the activated HSCs and 257 GNBPs from the quiescent HSCs were identified and annotated. A total of 46 GNBPs were estimated to be significantly up-regulated and 40 GNBPs were estimated to be significantly down-regulated in the activated HSCs. For example, the GNBPs (i.e. @entity9 , @entity7 , and @entity8 ) responsible for the regulation of protein binding were up-regulated, and those (i.e. @entity11 , @entity10 , and @entity4 ) responsible for the regulation of protein binding were down-regulated in the activated HSCs. The motifs of the isolated GNBPs showed that @entity2 residue had the maximum preference in consensus sequences. The western blotting showed the expression levels of @entity7 , and @entity6 were significantly up-regulated, while, the expression level of CLIC1(B5) was down-regulated in the activated HSCs and liver @entity1 tissues. Moreover, the GNBPs were sub-localized in the Golgi apparatus of HSCs. In conclusion, the precision alteration of the GNBPs referred to pathological changes in liver @entity1 / @entity1 may provide useful information to find new molecular mechanism of HSC activation and discover the biomarkers for diagnosis of liver @entity1 / @entity1 as well as development of new anti-fibrotic strategies.

title: Characterization and Sub-cellular Localization of @entity5 -Binding Proteins Isolated from XXXX Hepatic Stellate Cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: During six years experience of intravenous @entity3 (i.v. Cy) for severe @entity1 we have noted that changes of villous architecture and epithelial regeneration occur even when the disease fails to enter clinical remission and colectomy is required. OBJECTIVE: To describe the histological changes in @entity0 who received i.v. Cy and @entity4 compared with those treated with i.v. @entity4 alone. @entity0 AND METHODS: Two groups of histological sections were reviewed. The first group was of 23 colectomy specimens from @entity0 who had been treated with i.v. Cy and @entity4 . For 11 @entity0 pre-Cy histological sections were available. The second group was of 10 colectomy specimens from @entity0 who had received i.v. @entity4 alone. Biopsies were scored for their histological disease activity (HDAI), villous architecture and epithelial regeneration. The HDAI assesses the degree of @entity2 . RESULTS: The post-Cy group had higher median scores for villous architecture and epithelial regeneration compared to the pre-Cy and poststeroid groups. For the @entity0 where both pre- and post-Cy histological sections were available 63% increased their villous score post-Cy and 82% increased their epithelial regeneration score post-Cy. CONCLUSION: Although villous transformation and epithelial regeneration may be seen in UC they are more frequent and more severe in those @entity0 who received i.v. Cy and i.v. @entity4 , compared to controls who received i.v. @entity4 alone. These histological changes may mimic @entity5 . Increased awareness of this potential mimic of @entity5 is crucial for @entity0 management.

title: Histological changes associated with the use of intravenous @entity3 in the treatment of severe XXXX may mimic @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: During six years experience of intravenous @entity3 (i.v. Cy) for severe @entity1 we have noted that changes of villous architecture and epithelial regeneration occur even when the disease fails to enter clinical remission and colectomy is required. OBJECTIVE: To describe the histological changes in @entity0 who received i.v. Cy and @entity4 compared with those treated with i.v. @entity4 alone. @entity0 AND METHODS: Two groups of histological sections were reviewed. The first group was of 23 colectomy specimens from @entity0 who had been treated with i.v. Cy and @entity4 . For 11 @entity0 pre-Cy histological sections were available. The second group was of 10 colectomy specimens from @entity0 who had received i.v. @entity4 alone. Biopsies were scored for their histological disease activity (HDAI), villous architecture and epithelial regeneration. The HDAI assesses the degree of @entity2 . RESULTS: The post-Cy group had higher median scores for villous architecture and epithelial regeneration compared to the pre-Cy and poststeroid groups. For the @entity0 where both pre- and post-Cy histological sections were available 63% increased their villous score post-Cy and 82% increased their epithelial regeneration score post-Cy. CONCLUSION: Although villous transformation and epithelial regeneration may be seen in UC they are more frequent and more severe in those @entity0 who received i.v. Cy and i.v. @entity4 , compared to controls who received i.v. @entity4 alone. These histological changes may mimic @entity5 . Increased awareness of this potential mimic of @entity5 is crucial for @entity0 management.

title: Histological changes associated with the use of intravenous XXXX in the treatment of severe @entity1 may mimic @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: During six years experience of intravenous @entity3 (i.v. Cy) for severe @entity1 we have noted that changes of villous architecture and epithelial regeneration occur even when the disease fails to enter clinical remission and colectomy is required. OBJECTIVE: To describe the histological changes in @entity0 who received i.v. Cy and @entity4 compared with those treated with i.v. @entity4 alone. @entity0 AND METHODS: Two groups of histological sections were reviewed. The first group was of 23 colectomy specimens from @entity0 who had been treated with i.v. Cy and @entity4 . For 11 @entity0 pre-Cy histological sections were available. The second group was of 10 colectomy specimens from @entity0 who had received i.v. @entity4 alone. Biopsies were scored for their histological disease activity (HDAI), villous architecture and epithelial regeneration. The HDAI assesses the degree of @entity2 . RESULTS: The post-Cy group had higher median scores for villous architecture and epithelial regeneration compared to the pre-Cy and poststeroid groups. For the @entity0 where both pre- and post-Cy histological sections were available 63% increased their villous score post-Cy and 82% increased their epithelial regeneration score post-Cy. CONCLUSION: Although villous transformation and epithelial regeneration may be seen in UC they are more frequent and more severe in those @entity0 who received i.v. Cy and i.v. @entity4 , compared to controls who received i.v. @entity4 alone. These histological changes may mimic @entity5 . Increased awareness of this potential mimic of @entity5 is crucial for @entity0 management.

title: Histological changes associated with the use of intravenous @entity3 in the treatment of severe @entity1 may mimic XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess knowledge of @entity2 Awareness Week (BCAW) amongst @entity1 attending their general practice surgery and to identify whether BCAW could increase knowledge of @entity3 . METHOD: Questionnaire study with ethics committee approval. @entity1 attending non-emergency clinics in a single general practice during the week following BCAW were given a questionnaire. Respondents were asked for knowledge of @entity3 , sources of this information and awareness of BCAW compared to similar knowledge of @entity0 . RESULTS: Seventy-seven @entity1 responded (96% response rate, median age 42, 40% male). Eighty-five percent could name a @entity0 symptom compared to only 44% who could name a @entity3 (McNemar's chi2, P < 0.0001). Respondents identified more sources of information for breast than @entity3 . Only 21% had heard of BCAW and none could name any symbol for @entity2 awareness whereas 69% were aware of @entity0 Awareness Month and 28% could name its symbol (McNemar's chi2, P < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that @entity1 who were aware of BCAW were 4.6 times more likely to have knowledge of @entity3 (95% CI 1.25-17.1). CONCLUSIONS: Despite their similar incidence, knowledge of @entity3 is much less than @entity0 . In part this may be due to the greater publicity given to @entity0 . BCAW can increase knowledge of @entity3 but currently, too few @entity1 are aware of it.

title: The impact of XXXX awareness week.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study assesses the ability of body coil magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to pre-operatively stage mural penetration, nodal status and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) involvement of @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Between 1995 and 1997, MRI using a body coil was performed in consecutive @entity0 with primary @entity2 . Group A: 67 @entity0 underwent surgery without long course neo-adjuvant therapy. Predicted @entity1 stage was compared to the histology of the specimen. Group B: 21 @entity0 with MRI evidence of @entity3 , underwent long course neo-adjuvant therapy followed by repeat MRI prior to surgery. The second scan assessed response to treatment and likelihood of @entity4 involvement at subsequent surgery. RESULTS: Group A: Accuracy of pre-operative staging was: 'T' stage - 54%, 'N' stage - 77%, involvement of @entity4 by @entity1 - 97%. Group B: After long course neo-adjuvant therapy the second MRI scan was 95% accurate in predicting @entity4 involvement by @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In this study pre-operative @entity1 staging with MRI and a body coil lacks accuracy in predicting mural penetration and nodal involvement. Body coil MRI can accurately predict the potential for @entity4 involvement. This technique may help determine which @entity0 require long course neo-adjuvant therapy.

title: Evaluation of the role of pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging in the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 75-year-old @entity0 presented with a blistering @entity5 and @entity7 . Bullous pemphigoid was diagnosed by linear immunoglobulin G (IgG) and C3 staining along the basement membrane zone of a skin biopsy specimen and by the presence of circulating IgG recognizing the 180-kDa @entity8 antigen ( @entity9 ; type XVII collagen). A kidney biopsy specimen showed @entity3 without crescents. Direct immunofluorescence showed strong IgG and C3 staining in a combined granular and linear pattern along the glomerular basement membrane. Electron microscopy showed subepithelial deposits. In serum, no antibodies against the Goodpasture antigen (type IV collagen) or phospholipase A2 receptor were detected. Indirect immunofluorescence studies using the patient's serum showed a strikingly linear but not granular IgG pattern along the epithelial basement membranes of monkey esophagus and kidney. Although type XVII collagen was recently identified in the glomerulus, the patient's serum did not produce a 180-kDa band on immunoblot of kidney tissue and still stained glomeruli of @entity9 knockout @entity2 by indirect immunofluorescence. The @entity0 was treated with @entity4 and @entity6 , which resulted in complete remission of skin and kidney manifestations. Although @entity8 has been reported previously in association with anti- @entity1 or @entity1 , this case demonstrates both elements in 1 @entity0 . This concurrence and the linear pattern on indirect immunofluorescence support the possibility of cross-reactive or parallel autoantibodies to basement membranes with a secondary membranous component.

title: Bullous Pemphigoid With a Dual Pattern of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) consists of a number of complex processes involving higher-order cognitive functions involved in outcome evaluation. Problems in @entity3 may have significant negative repercussions on community functioning. We hypothesise in individuals with @entity2 difficulties in community functioning will be associated with @entity3 problems. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity3 performance was assessed using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) in 30 individuals with @entity2 and 32 healthy controls. @entity0 ' choices on the IGT were grouped as: Ambiguous Decisions, where the outcome is uncertain and cannot be predicted (i.e. IGT initial phase), and Risky Decisions, where the outcome can be predicted with an error margin (i.e. IGT final phase). @entity0 with @entity2 were also assessed with measures of community functioning and symptoms. RESULTS: Controls outperformed individuals with @entity2 in risky decisions. In @entity0 , levels of community functioning positively correlated with @entity3 performance. Symptomatology was not associated with @entity3 proficiency or functioning. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 may represent an important contributor to poor functional outcomes in @entity0 with @entity2 . Interventions targeting decision making and higher order cognitive problems in @entity0 with @entity2 may have a greater impact on functional difficulties.

title: Exploring the association between the Iowa Gambling Task and community functioning in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) consists of a number of complex processes involving higher-order cognitive functions involved in outcome evaluation. Problems in @entity3 may have significant negative repercussions on community functioning. We hypothesise in individuals with @entity2 difficulties in community functioning will be associated with @entity3 problems. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: @entity3 performance was assessed using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) in 30 individuals with @entity2 and 32 healthy controls. @entity0 ' choices on the IGT were grouped as: Ambiguous Decisions, where the outcome is uncertain and cannot be predicted (i.e. IGT initial phase), and Risky Decisions, where the outcome can be predicted with an error margin (i.e. IGT final phase). @entity0 with @entity2 were also assessed with measures of community functioning and symptoms. RESULTS: Controls outperformed individuals with @entity2 in risky decisions. In @entity0 , levels of community functioning positively correlated with @entity3 performance. Symptomatology was not associated with @entity3 proficiency or functioning. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 may represent an important contributor to poor functional outcomes in @entity0 with @entity2 . Interventions targeting decision making and higher order cognitive problems in @entity0 with @entity2 may have a greater impact on functional difficulties.

title: Exploring the association between the Iowa Gambling Task and community functioning in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Single dose caudal epidural is commonly utilized for @entity1 in @entity0 . Previous studies have determined the optimal concentration of local anaesthetic, and the minimal volume to produce a desired dermatomal distribution. However, none has sought the optimal volume to administer. The specific aim of this study was to determine whether the volume of caudal epidural local anaesthetic influenced the duration of @entity1 . METHODS: Fifty-four @entity0 aged 1-6 years and ASAPS I-II scheduled for elective inguinal herniorraphy were enrolled in this randomized and blinded clinical trial. They received a standardized general anaesthetic with one of three possible doses of caudal epidural analgesic: 0.7, 1.0, or 1.3 ml.kg-1 of 0.175% @entity3 with 1 : 200 000 @entity4 . The @entity0 were assessed by blinded observers during in-hospital recovery and by parents at home. RESULTS: The principal outcome measure of time until first postoperative analgesic requirement was similar between the groups (4.2, 3.6, and 4.8 h respectively). Other effects which might be altered by epidural @entity2 , including time until first void, ambulation, and discharge readiness did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing local anaesthetic dose and volume do not increase the duration of @entity1 of caudal epidural in @entity0 undergoing inguinal herniorraphy.

title: The dose of caudal epidural XXXX and duration of @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Single dose caudal epidural is commonly utilized for @entity1 in @entity0 . Previous studies have determined the optimal concentration of local anaesthetic, and the minimal volume to produce a desired dermatomal distribution. However, none has sought the optimal volume to administer. The specific aim of this study was to determine whether the volume of caudal epidural local anaesthetic influenced the duration of @entity1 . METHODS: Fifty-four @entity0 aged 1-6 years and ASAPS I-II scheduled for elective inguinal herniorraphy were enrolled in this randomized and blinded clinical trial. They received a standardized general anaesthetic with one of three possible doses of caudal epidural analgesic: 0.7, 1.0, or 1.3 ml.kg-1 of 0.175% @entity3 with 1 : 200 000 @entity4 . The @entity0 were assessed by blinded observers during in-hospital recovery and by parents at home. RESULTS: The principal outcome measure of time until first postoperative analgesic requirement was similar between the groups (4.2, 3.6, and 4.8 h respectively). Other effects which might be altered by epidural @entity2 , including time until first void, ambulation, and discharge readiness did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing local anaesthetic dose and volume do not increase the duration of @entity1 of caudal epidural in @entity0 undergoing inguinal herniorraphy.

title: The dose of caudal epidural @entity2 and duration of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The stringent starvation protein A (SspA), an @entity0 RNA polymerase (RNAP)-associated protein, has been reported to be essential for lytic growth of @entity1 . Unlike P1 early promoters, P1 late promoters are not recognized by RNAP alone. A phage-encoded early protein, @entity2 ( @entity2 , formerly called gp10), has been shown to be required for P1 late transcription in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that SspA is a transcription activator for P1 late genes. Our results indicated that @entity2 is not limiting in an sspA mutant. However, the transcription of P1 late genes was deficient in an sspA mutant in vivo. We demonstrated that SspA/ @entity2 are required for transcription activation of the P1 late promoter Ps in vitro. In addition, SspA and @entity2 were shown to facilitate the binding of RNAP to Ps late promoter DNA. Activation of late transcription by SspA/ @entity2 was dependent on holoenzyme containing sigma70 but not sigmaS, indicating that the two activators discriminate between the two forms of the holoenzyme. Furthermore, P1 early gene expression was downregulated in the wild-type background, whereas it persisted in the sspA mutant background, indicating that SspA/ @entity2 mediate the transcriptional switch from the early to the late genes during P1 lytic growth. Thus, this work provides the first evidence for a function of the @entity0 RNAP-associated protein SspA.

title: XXXX SspA is a transcription activator for @entity1 late genes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The stringent starvation protein A (SspA), an @entity0 RNA polymerase (RNAP)-associated protein, has been reported to be essential for lytic growth of @entity1 . Unlike P1 early promoters, P1 late promoters are not recognized by RNAP alone. A phage-encoded early protein, @entity2 ( @entity2 , formerly called gp10), has been shown to be required for P1 late transcription in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that SspA is a transcription activator for P1 late genes. Our results indicated that @entity2 is not limiting in an sspA mutant. However, the transcription of P1 late genes was deficient in an sspA mutant in vivo. We demonstrated that SspA/ @entity2 are required for transcription activation of the P1 late promoter Ps in vitro. In addition, SspA and @entity2 were shown to facilitate the binding of RNAP to Ps late promoter DNA. Activation of late transcription by SspA/ @entity2 was dependent on holoenzyme containing sigma70 but not sigmaS, indicating that the two activators discriminate between the two forms of the holoenzyme. Furthermore, P1 early gene expression was downregulated in the wild-type background, whereas it persisted in the sspA mutant background, indicating that SspA/ @entity2 mediate the transcriptional switch from the early to the late genes during P1 lytic growth. Thus, this work provides the first evidence for a function of the @entity0 RNAP-associated protein SspA.

title: @entity0 SspA is a transcription activator for XXXX late genes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The enteropathogenicity of avian reoviruses (ARVs), isolated from @entity1 affected with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) from The Netherlands and Germany was studied. In the first trial seven different ARVs isolated from @entity4 cases were inoculated in 1-day-old specific pathogenic free (SPF) white leghorns. The pathogenicity was compared with 2 ARVs isolated from cases of @entity3 , namely reference strain S1133 and a Dutch strain. Although a difference in the severity of the clinical disease was observed, all reoviruses could induce @entity5 and sloughing of the epithelium of the small intestine at day 2 post inoculation (PI) till day 7 PI. Two Dutch and one German ARV derived from @entity4 causing the most severe @entity2 at day 2 PI, were further studied in the second trial using SPF broilers. These reoviruses did not cause @entity0 in the broilers although lesions in the small intestine were present from day 1 up to day 4 PI and were more severe than in the white leghorn @entity1 . In one of the inoculated groups apical denuded villi were already present at day 1 PI. At day 7 PI the small intestine of the infected broilers appeared to be normal. Reovirus antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of the enterocytes at the tip and middle section of the affected villi both in layers and in broilers. To study the role of intestinal @entity6 + and @entity7 + T-cells and macrophages/monocytes in the pathogenesis of ARV, the numbers of these cells of the jejunal villi of one infected and the control broiler groups were compared. @entity6 + T-cells were detected in low numbers and only in the infected broiler group at day 14 PI. The numbers of @entity7 + T-cells and macrophages/monocytes were significantly higher in the infected broiler group than in the control broiler group at day 7 and 14 PI and at day 7 PI respectively. Our study indicates that the reovirus alone cannot induce @entity2 as found in @entity4 @entity1 . Moreover, @entity7 + T-cells may play a major role in the pathogenesis and or reovirus clearance in the small intestine.

title: Enteropathogenicity of Dutch and German avian reoviruses in SPF white leghorn XXXX and broilers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An efficient implementation of the orbital-optimized second-order M  ller-Plesset perturbation theory (OO- @entity0 ) within the resolution of the identity (RI) approximation is reported. Both conventional @entity0 and @entity1 -component scaled (SCS- @entity0 ) variants are considered, and an extensive numerical investigation of the accuracy of these approaches is presented. This work is closely related to earlier work of Lochan, R. C.; Head-Gordon, M. J. Chem. Phys. 2007, 126. Orbital optimization is achieved by making the Hylleraas functional together with the energy of the reference determinant stationary with respect to variations of the double excitation amplitudes and the molecular orbital rotation parameters. A simple iterative scheme is proposed that usually leads to convergence within 5-15 iterations. The applicability of the method to larger molecules (up to    1000-2000 basis functions) is demonstrated. The numerical results show that OO-SCS- @entity0 is a major improvement in electronically complicated situations, such as represented by radicals or by transition states where @entity1 contamination often greatly deteriorates the quality of the conventional @entity0 and SCS- @entity0 methods. The OO-(SCS-) @entity0 approach reduces the error by a factor of 3-5 relative to the standard (SCS-) @entity0 . For closed-shell main group elements, no significant improvement in the accuracy relative to the already excellent SCS- @entity0 method is observed. In addition, the problems of all @entity0 variants with 3d transition-metal complexes are not solved by orbital optimization. The close relationship of the OO- @entity0 method to the approximate second-order coupled cluster method (CC2) is pointed out. Both methods have comparable computational requirements. Thus, the OO- @entity0 method emerges as a very useful tool for computational quantum chemistry.

title: Assessment of Orbital-Optimized, XXXX -Component Scaled Second-Order Many-Body Perturbation Theory for Thermochemistry and Kinetics.

answer: @entity1