abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite medical advice, many pet-allergic @entity4 sufferers refuse to remove the pet to which they are sensitized from their home. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the clinical effects of air cleaners in the homes of adult @entity4 @entity0 sensitized and exposed to @entity3 and/or @entity2 . METHODS: We performed a randomized, parallel-group study of 30 @entity5 adults sensitized to and sharing a home with @entity3 or @entity2 . The effects of placing air cleaners in the living room and bedroom for 12 months and using high efficiency particulate air filter vacuum cleaners (active group) were compared with using these vacuum cleaners alone (control group). Measures of airway responsiveness, treatment requirement, lung function, peak flow, reservoir and airborne allergen were recorded before, during and after the interventions. A beneficial clinical response was assessed in terms of a 'combined @entity4 outcome'. This was defined as a two or more doubling dose improvement in bronchial hyper-reactivity to @entity1 and/or a reduction in treatment requirement of at least one step change on the British @entity6 Society guidelines for @entity4 treatment. RESULTS: A beneficial clinical response was observed in 10/15 subjects in the active group compared with 3/15 in the control group after 12 months intervention (P = 0.01). No significant differences between the active and control groups were detected for changes in measures of lung function, reservoir pet allergen and airborne pet allergen during the study. CONCLUSION: Whilst the study design has not allowed complete exclusion of a placebo effect, we believe that this pragmatic study of adult @entity5 @entity0 sensitized and exposed to pets resulted in a small, but significant improvement in combined @entity4 outcome.

title: Clinical effects of air filters in homes of XXXX adults sensitized and exposed to pet allergens.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The scalp is a common area for @entity3 . Corticosteroid-based lotions are the most widely used therapy in this clinical setting. A new formulation of @entity5 valerate 0.12% in a thermophobic, low-residue foam vehicle (Bettamousse trade mark, Mipharm, Italy; @entity9 ) is available for the treatment of @entity10 . OBJECTIVES: In an open, investigator-blinded, multicentre (28 dermatology clinics), randomized, cross-over study, the efficacy, safety and @entity0 acceptability of @entity9 in @entity8 were evaluated in comparison with standard therapies (ST, i.e. @entity1 or @entity2 analogues). ST were chosen by each centre according to its usual therapeutic protocols. METHODS: In total, 241 @entity0 with moderate to severe @entity8 participated in the trial. After a 2-week run-in period, each active treatment ( @entity9 or ST) was applied for 4 weeks, with a wash-out period between the two active treatment phases of at least 4 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by investigators unaware of treatment sequence analysing a 'target' lesion for erythema, scaling, itching and burning using a five-point grading score. @entity0 treatment acceptability and assessment of the influence on Psoriasis Disability Index were evaluated using an eight-item modified Finlay-Khan questionnaire at baseline and at the end of each treatment period. Safety was evaluated by recording any adverse event occurring during the study duration. @entity9 was applied twice daily, and ST were applied once or twice daily, according to the approved scheduled regimens. RESULTS: Analyses were by intention-to-treat. Two hundred and ten @entity0 concluded the study. Fifteen @entity0 withdrew from the study during @entity9 treatment, and 16 during ST (not significantly different). Both treatments were well tolerated. At baseline, the mean +/- SD clinical global score (the 'Sum' score = erythema + scaling + itching + burning) was 7.6 +/- 2.6. The ST chosen were topical corticosteroids (55% of cases; mainly @entity7 and @entity6 ) or @entity4 lotion (45% of cases). At the end of active treatments, @entity9 was significantly superior to ST (P < 0.001) in reducing, as compared with baseline, the mean +/- SD Sum score (1.5 +/- 1.9 with @entity9 and 3.1 +/- 2.7 with ST). During @entity9 treatment, 88% (95% confidence interval, CI 82-94%) of @entity0 had a complete or nearly complete resolution of scaling in comparison with 66% (95% CI 58-74%) during ST therapy (P < 0.001). @entity9 was also considered an easier and more convenient formulation to use in comparison with ST (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity9 is more effective than lotion-based ST commonly used in the treatment of @entity8 , and has higher @entity0 acceptability.

title: Efficacy of betamethasone valerate mousse in comparison with standard therapies on XXXX : an open, multicentre, randomized, controlled, cross-over study on 241 @entity0 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The scalp is a common area for @entity3 . Corticosteroid-based lotions are the most widely used therapy in this clinical setting. A new formulation of @entity5 valerate 0.12% in a thermophobic, low-residue foam vehicle (Bettamousse trade mark, Mipharm, Italy; @entity9 ) is available for the treatment of @entity10 . OBJECTIVES: In an open, investigator-blinded, multicentre (28 dermatology clinics), randomized, cross-over study, the efficacy, safety and @entity0 acceptability of @entity9 in @entity8 were evaluated in comparison with standard therapies (ST, i.e. @entity1 or @entity2 analogues). ST were chosen by each centre according to its usual therapeutic protocols. METHODS: In total, 241 @entity0 with moderate to severe @entity8 participated in the trial. After a 2-week run-in period, each active treatment ( @entity9 or ST) was applied for 4 weeks, with a wash-out period between the two active treatment phases of at least 4 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated by investigators unaware of treatment sequence analysing a 'target' lesion for erythema, scaling, itching and burning using a five-point grading score. @entity0 treatment acceptability and assessment of the influence on Psoriasis Disability Index were evaluated using an eight-item modified Finlay-Khan questionnaire at baseline and at the end of each treatment period. Safety was evaluated by recording any adverse event occurring during the study duration. @entity9 was applied twice daily, and ST were applied once or twice daily, according to the approved scheduled regimens. RESULTS: Analyses were by intention-to-treat. Two hundred and ten @entity0 concluded the study. Fifteen @entity0 withdrew from the study during @entity9 treatment, and 16 during ST (not significantly different). Both treatments were well tolerated. At baseline, the mean +/- SD clinical global score (the 'Sum' score = erythema + scaling + itching + burning) was 7.6 +/- 2.6. The ST chosen were topical corticosteroids (55% of cases; mainly @entity7 and @entity6 ) or @entity4 lotion (45% of cases). At the end of active treatments, @entity9 was significantly superior to ST (P < 0.001) in reducing, as compared with baseline, the mean +/- SD Sum score (1.5 +/- 1.9 with @entity9 and 3.1 +/- 2.7 with ST). During @entity9 treatment, 88% (95% confidence interval, CI 82-94%) of @entity0 had a complete or nearly complete resolution of scaling in comparison with 66% (95% CI 58-74%) during ST therapy (P < 0.001). @entity9 was also considered an easier and more convenient formulation to use in comparison with ST (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity9 is more effective than lotion-based ST commonly used in the treatment of @entity8 , and has higher @entity0 acceptability.

title: Efficacy of betamethasone valerate mousse in comparison with standard therapies on @entity8 : an open, multicentre, randomized, controlled, cross-over study on 241 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: MDW4, a @entity7 germ agglutinin (WGA)-resistant (WGAr) mutant of the metastatic @entity2 @entity1 cell line MDAY-D2, was previously shown to be nonmetastatic in the syngeneic @entity10 /2 host. A substantial portion of the @entity4 ( @entity4 )-linked @entity3 in MDW4 terminated in @entity8 ( @entity9 ) and appeared to be a premature truncation product of the sialylated @entity12 -containing complex found in MDAY-D2 cells. This lesion in @entity3 structure has been shown to contribute to the more adhesive behavior of MDW4 cells on laminin, fibronectin, and type IV collagen and to the increased sensitivity of MDW4 to natural killer (NK) cell lysis in vitro. For further characterization of the relationship between @entity4 -linked @entity3 structures, cell adhesion, NK cell sensitivity, and @entity0 , mutants of MDW4 were selected for resistance to the @entity9 -binding lectin from Bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds (BSII). Three independently selected BSII-resistant (BSIIr) mutants of MDW4 chosen for further study had a lectin resistance phenotype intermediate between that of MDAY-D2 and that of MDW4. Plasma membrane glycoproteins separated by @entity6 - @entity5 gel electrophoresis and stained with iodinated WGA, BSII, and leukoagglutinin also indicated an intermediate phenotype, with the presence of both @entity9 -terminating structures and sialylated complex. Compared to MDW4, the BSIIr mutants of MDW4 showed a return to the more malignant phenotype of MDAY-D2 when injected iv. The double mutants were less sensitive to NK cell lysis in vitro and to the in vivo effects of the NK cell boosting agent @entity11 . The double mutants retained the ability to attach to fibronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV in vitro, a property that may have contributed to their low malignancy when the cells were injected sc. MDW4 cells have been shown to fuse at low frequency with host-derived bone marrow cells at the sc site of injection, thereby acquiring the wild-type lectin resistance and metastatic phenotypes. The same process appears to occur in @entity2 given an injection of the double mutants. The results suggest that the WGA-binding oligosaccharides found in MDAY-D2 and the BSIIr mutants of MDW4 enhance the malignant phenotype of the cells in the experimental @entity0 assay.

title: Partial reversion of the metastatic phenotype in a XXXX germ agglutinin-resistant mutant of the @entity2 @entity1 cell line MDAY-D2 selected with Bandeiraea simplicifolia seed lectin.

answer: @entity7


abstract: MDW4, a @entity7 germ agglutinin (WGA)-resistant (WGAr) mutant of the metastatic @entity2 @entity1 cell line MDAY-D2, was previously shown to be nonmetastatic in the syngeneic @entity10 /2 host. A substantial portion of the @entity4 ( @entity4 )-linked @entity3 in MDW4 terminated in @entity8 ( @entity9 ) and appeared to be a premature truncation product of the sialylated @entity12 -containing complex found in MDAY-D2 cells. This lesion in @entity3 structure has been shown to contribute to the more adhesive behavior of MDW4 cells on laminin, fibronectin, and type IV collagen and to the increased sensitivity of MDW4 to natural killer (NK) cell lysis in vitro. For further characterization of the relationship between @entity4 -linked @entity3 structures, cell adhesion, NK cell sensitivity, and @entity0 , mutants of MDW4 were selected for resistance to the @entity9 -binding lectin from Bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds (BSII). Three independently selected BSII-resistant (BSIIr) mutants of MDW4 chosen for further study had a lectin resistance phenotype intermediate between that of MDAY-D2 and that of MDW4. Plasma membrane glycoproteins separated by @entity6 - @entity5 gel electrophoresis and stained with iodinated WGA, BSII, and leukoagglutinin also indicated an intermediate phenotype, with the presence of both @entity9 -terminating structures and sialylated complex. Compared to MDW4, the BSIIr mutants of MDW4 showed a return to the more malignant phenotype of MDAY-D2 when injected iv. The double mutants were less sensitive to NK cell lysis in vitro and to the in vivo effects of the NK cell boosting agent @entity11 . The double mutants retained the ability to attach to fibronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV in vitro, a property that may have contributed to their low malignancy when the cells were injected sc. MDW4 cells have been shown to fuse at low frequency with host-derived bone marrow cells at the sc site of injection, thereby acquiring the wild-type lectin resistance and metastatic phenotypes. The same process appears to occur in @entity2 given an injection of the double mutants. The results suggest that the WGA-binding oligosaccharides found in MDAY-D2 and the BSIIr mutants of MDW4 enhance the malignant phenotype of the cells in the experimental @entity0 assay.

title: Partial reversion of the metastatic phenotype in a @entity7 germ agglutinin-resistant mutant of the @entity2 XXXX cell line MDAY-D2 selected with Bandeiraea simplicifolia seed lectin.

answer: @entity1


abstract: MDW4, a @entity7 germ agglutinin (WGA)-resistant (WGAr) mutant of the metastatic @entity2 @entity1 cell line MDAY-D2, was previously shown to be nonmetastatic in the syngeneic @entity10 /2 host. A substantial portion of the @entity4 ( @entity4 )-linked @entity3 in MDW4 terminated in @entity8 ( @entity9 ) and appeared to be a premature truncation product of the sialylated @entity12 -containing complex found in MDAY-D2 cells. This lesion in @entity3 structure has been shown to contribute to the more adhesive behavior of MDW4 cells on laminin, fibronectin, and type IV collagen and to the increased sensitivity of MDW4 to natural killer (NK) cell lysis in vitro. For further characterization of the relationship between @entity4 -linked @entity3 structures, cell adhesion, NK cell sensitivity, and @entity0 , mutants of MDW4 were selected for resistance to the @entity9 -binding lectin from Bandeiraea simplicifolia seeds (BSII). Three independently selected BSII-resistant (BSIIr) mutants of MDW4 chosen for further study had a lectin resistance phenotype intermediate between that of MDAY-D2 and that of MDW4. Plasma membrane glycoproteins separated by @entity6 - @entity5 gel electrophoresis and stained with iodinated WGA, BSII, and leukoagglutinin also indicated an intermediate phenotype, with the presence of both @entity9 -terminating structures and sialylated complex. Compared to MDW4, the BSIIr mutants of MDW4 showed a return to the more malignant phenotype of MDAY-D2 when injected iv. The double mutants were less sensitive to NK cell lysis in vitro and to the in vivo effects of the NK cell boosting agent @entity11 . The double mutants retained the ability to attach to fibronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV in vitro, a property that may have contributed to their low malignancy when the cells were injected sc. MDW4 cells have been shown to fuse at low frequency with host-derived bone marrow cells at the sc site of injection, thereby acquiring the wild-type lectin resistance and metastatic phenotypes. The same process appears to occur in @entity2 given an injection of the double mutants. The results suggest that the WGA-binding oligosaccharides found in MDAY-D2 and the BSIIr mutants of MDW4 enhance the malignant phenotype of the cells in the experimental @entity0 assay.

title: Partial reversion of the metastatic phenotype in a @entity7 germ agglutinin-resistant mutant of the XXXX @entity1 cell line MDAY-D2 selected with Bandeiraea simplicifolia seed lectin.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In order to identify the role of mononuclear cells in @entity7 , the immune picture at the cellular level has been studied. The cytokine production at the individual cell level in response to in vitro stimulation can help in identifying the percentage of specific cell types producing a particular cytokine. METHODS: A total of 30 @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ; n = 15) and @entity10 ( @entity10 ; n = 15) were entered into the study and peripheral blood samples were drawn at the time of admission. A control group of 12 healthy individuals (age and sex matched) were also included in the study. Mononuclear cells from the peripheral blood from all three groups were separated on Ficoll gradient and labelled for surface antigens (i.e. cluster of differentiation ( @entity8 )3, @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity11 , @entity14 and human leucocyte antigen D receptor (HLA-DR)) using monoclonal antibodies. The CD3+ and @entity14 + cells were also stained for intracellular cytokines by specific monoclonal antibodies (i.e. for @entity1 , interleukin (IL)-2, @entity12 _ @entity6 in CD3+ cells and @entity4 and IL-12 in @entity14 + cells). These fluorochrome-labelled cells were analysed on the flow cytometer. RESULTS: The T-cell population is affected in @entity7 where the @entity2 + and @entity3 + T-cell numbers are significantly altered. There is a marked reduction in @entity2 + T cells in @entity5 and @entity10 . The @entity3 + T cells were significantly reduced in @entity5 . The @entity13 is expressed in large numbers in @entity5 and @entity10 @entity0 groups. The T cells from the @entity10 group had a typical @entity9 , @entity12 secreting pattern, while @entity5 @entity0 had a high @entity6 , @entity1 and low @entity9 , @entity12 population. The HLA-DR expression on monocytes differed significantly between the two groups, being strikingly reduced in chronic cases and significantly reduced in acute cases. The percentage of @entity4 -producing monocytes was significantly higher in @entity0 with @entity5 as well as @entity10 while IL-12 levels were higher in the @entity10 than in the @entity5 group. CONCLUSIONS: T cells in @entity10 are polarized towards the T-helper (Th)1 phenotype while the @entity5 @entity0 had a mixed population. This seems to be a part of immune deviation that is associated with development of @entity10 and IL-12 appears to be instrumental in this process. The monocytes synthesize proinflammatory cytokines, which play an important role in the local and systemic consequences of the disease. In the disease clinical assessment such a study can provide useful information about the involvement of the immuno-inflammatory system.

title: Immunological findings in XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In this study we aimed to define clinical, radiologic and pathological specialties of @entity0 who applied to General Surgery Department of Atat  rk University Medical Faculty with @entity7 and show medical and surgical treatment results. With the help of this study we will be able to make our own clinical algorithm for diagnosis and treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched retrospectively addresses, phone numbers and clinical files of 93 @entity0 whom diagnosed @entity7 between a decade of January 2001 - December 2010. We noted demographic specialties, ages, gender, medical family history, main complaints, physical findings, radiological and laboratory findings, medical treatments, @entity1 and surgical procedures if they were operated; morbidity, recurrence and success ratios, complications after treatment for @entity0 discussed above. RESULTS: In this study we evaluated 93 @entity0 , 91 females and 2 males, with @entity7 retrospectively who applied to General Surgery Department of Atat  rk University Medical Faculty between January 2001 and December 2010. Mean age was 34.4 years. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic examination of the lesions. Seventy three @entity0 had idiopathic @entity4 and 20 @entity0 had specific @entity7 (18 tuberculosis @entity5 , 1 @entity6 and 1 silk reaction). All the @entity0 had surgical debridement or antibiotic, and anti-inflammatory treatment with results bad clinical response before applied our clinic. CONCLUSION: Empiric antibiotic therapy and drainage of the breast lesions are not enough for complete remission of idiopathic @entity7 . The lesion must be excised completely. In selected @entity0 , corticosteroid therapy can be useful. In the @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity3 and antituberculous therapy can be useful, but wide excision must be chosen for the @entity0 with recurrent disease.

title: XXXX : A Ten-Year Experience at a University Hospital.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity3 of @entity6 have not been classified as related conditions. However, the present report describes a @entity0 with both @entity4 and @entity5 changes in the dentin. One @entity2 was first discovered on the right side of the mandible on a routine roentgenogram. There was an atypical radiolucency apical to a short-rooted molar with an obliterated pulp. @entity1 were found on the left side of the mandible in the maxilla, in the frontal and occipital bones, in the ilium, in the proximal ulnae, and in the ribs. All lesions demonstrated an increased uptake of Tc99. A biopsy specimen of bone from the right side of the mandible showed small calcified islands in a cell-rich connective tissue. Microscopic analysis of the right first molar showed irregularly shaped dentin with the dentinal tubules arranged in a whorl-like fashion surrounding an almost completely obliterated pulp chamber and canal. Healing after tooth extraction and after the bone biopsy was unremarkable. After 6 months the alveolus was reorganized and the bone patterns appeared normal, although the radiolucent areas inferior to the teeth remained unchanged. The concomitant occurrence of @entity5 changes in bone and teeth may be a sign of a generalized defect in the mesenchymal hard-tissue-forming cells.

title: XXXX changes in the dentin.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3 is known to be the most effective treatment of severe and persistent acne. However, one of the most important adverse effects of this drug is known to be teratogenicity. In this regard, tests are administered before initiating the treatment, to assure that an unknown pregnancy is not present and accordingly, @entity0 are advised to take contraceptive precautions during their systemic @entity3 treatments. On the contrary, many cases of unwanted pregnancies and relevant abortuses have been reported all over the world. In the Turkish literature, only a few reports have been identified about foetal exposure to @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this respect, a study was carried out on fifty-seven female @entity0 , aiming to fulfil the gap of information mentioned above. Female @entity0 , with ages ranging between 14 and 35 years, were recruited to the study and they were administered @entity3 treatments (cumulative dose of 120 mg/kg) for an average period of 6 months. The @entity0 were followed up during and after the treatment for a total period of 18 months. RESULTS: As a result, it has been observed that none of the @entity0 got pregnant during the treatment period and relevantly, no @entity2 were recorded. Moreover, none of the @entity0 got pregnant 12 months after the termination of the treatment. Additionally, the socio-demographic analysis of the @entity0 indicates that most of the @entity0 were single and 81% of the @entity0 were sexually inactive. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the low reportage of teratogenicity due to @entity3 usage in @entity1 could be due to several reasons, such as the sociocultural profile of the female @entity0 undertaking the @entity3 treatment, and strict adherence to contraceptive methods, and/or underreporting of teratogenic incidents due to lack of studies held in cooperation with obstetricians.

title: Systemic XXXX Treatment and Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Cohort Study from @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3 is known to be the most effective treatment of severe and persistent acne. However, one of the most important adverse effects of this drug is known to be teratogenicity. In this regard, tests are administered before initiating the treatment, to assure that an unknown pregnancy is not present and accordingly, @entity0 are advised to take contraceptive precautions during their systemic @entity3 treatments. On the contrary, many cases of unwanted pregnancies and relevant abortuses have been reported all over the world. In the Turkish literature, only a few reports have been identified about foetal exposure to @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this respect, a study was carried out on fifty-seven female @entity0 , aiming to fulfil the gap of information mentioned above. Female @entity0 , with ages ranging between 14 and 35 years, were recruited to the study and they were administered @entity3 treatments (cumulative dose of 120 mg/kg) for an average period of 6 months. The @entity0 were followed up during and after the treatment for a total period of 18 months. RESULTS: As a result, it has been observed that none of the @entity0 got pregnant during the treatment period and relevantly, no @entity2 were recorded. Moreover, none of the @entity0 got pregnant 12 months after the termination of the treatment. Additionally, the socio-demographic analysis of the @entity0 indicates that most of the @entity0 were single and 81% of the @entity0 were sexually inactive. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the low reportage of teratogenicity due to @entity3 usage in @entity1 could be due to several reasons, such as the sociocultural profile of the female @entity0 undertaking the @entity3 treatment, and strict adherence to contraceptive methods, and/or underreporting of teratogenic incidents due to lack of studies held in cooperation with obstetricians.

title: Systemic @entity3 Treatment and Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Cohort Study from XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hyponatraemia is a recognized association of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and is also known to occur after the administration of intravenous infusion of gamma globulin (IVIG), a treatment often used in management of @entity3 . AIMS: To document serum @entity1 concentration in @entity3 @entity0 before, during and after management procedures (including IVIG) positive pressure ventilation ( @entity2 ) and the use of medications capable of causing a low serum @entity1 . To consider whether pseudohyponatraemia might be a contributory factor. To assess whether hyponatraemia is a predictor of poor outcome. METHODS: Clinical record audit of 84 @entity0 with @entity3 admitted to Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand, over a 10-year period. RESULTS: Serum @entity1 concentration was significantly low (<133 mmol/L) in 26 of 84 (31%) @entity0 . In 12 of these cases the hyponatraemia developed during or after IVIG, suggesting that pseudo-hyponatraemia was a contributing factor. Six (7%) significantly hyponatraemic @entity0 died, but no eunatraemic or slightly hyponatraemic @entity0 died (P = 0.001). Six of 38 @entity0 aged > or =50 years died, whereas none of the 46 @entity0 aged <50 years died (P = 0.007). Five of 19 ventilated @entity0 died but only one of 65 non-ventilated died (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Significant hyponatraemia occurred in 26 (31%) of the @entity0 , but in 12 of these it appeared likely that pseudohyponatraemia caused by IVIG was a contributing factor. Hyponatraemic @entity0 have a poorer prognosis than eunatraemic @entity0 , however it is difficult to separate this factor from other poor prognostic factors (older age and @entity2 ).

title: XXXX and hyponatraemia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is one of the most common @entity2 involving different age groups. Because the nature and etiology of chronic @entity4 are not completely known, there is not any standard treatment for this disease. It has been suggested that low-level laser can be used in treating chronic @entity4 but there are limited studies about its usage. In this research, intra-oral radiation of low-level laser has been described and implemented for the first time. Suggested hypotheses about the efficacy of this type of radiation (intra-oral) in treating @entity3 includes this fact that the depth of maxilla's vestibule is also the @entity1 collect in this area because of gravity effect. Therefore, with considering suitable radiation angle, this area gets the most benefits of laser's anti-inflammatory effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, 20 @entity0 with @entity3 were included. They were assessed before and after treatment. Treatment plan was performed in 8 sessions every other days using low-level diode laser with 810 nm. Snot-22 questionnaire and rhinomanometry were used for evaluating @entity0 . Changes of signs and symptoms were recorded in questionnaire every session and 6 months after treatment. Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analyses. In this study, P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: All variables and all symptoms of @entity0 were improved using intra-oral low-level laser and this improvement was statistically significant (P value<0.05). There was also significant decrease in nasal airway resistance and significant increase in air flow (P value<0.05). Six month after treatment completion, there was no significant difference between the results of completion and the results of 8th treatment session (P value< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Using intra-oral low-level laser is a suitable way to treat @entity0 with @entity3 . Key words: @entity2 , maxillary @entity4 , low-level laser.

title: Intra-oral low level laser therapy in XXXX : A new and effective recommended technique.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been reported that 15-20% of parous female have experienced at least one miscarriage, while 3% of them have experienced two miscarriages. The goal of this study was to evaluate the plasma level of coagulation factors in @entity0 with a history of @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case-control study, 82 @entity0 with a history of two or more abortions referred to the six private gynecologic clinics in Gorgan city without any structural abnormality were recruited during 2011-2012. Plasma levels of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) using colorimetric assay, protein C, protein S, @entity5 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) using coagulation method were measured. The control group was @entity0 with a history of normal delivery and no abortions. Those under anti-coagulant therapy were excluded from the study. Data were entered into the computer using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 16 and analyzed by Chi-square, t test and non-parametric tests. RESULTS: At least one abnormality was reported in 35 cases (42.7%). Among them, @entity7 was the most prevalent (30.5%). @entity6 was abnormal in 17.1% and lupus anti-coagulant was abnormal in 8.5%. @entity5 was normal in all cases and @entity4 was only seen in one case. CONCLUSION: We suggest to perform these tests in regards to the @entity1 in cases with @entity2 in order to find an early cure for this treatable disorder.

title: Evaluation of Some Plasma Coagulation Factors in XXXX with Spontaneous Miscarriage.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Defensive traits exhibited by plants vary widely across populations. Heritable phenotypic differentiation is likely to be produced by genetic drift and spatially restricted gene flow between populations. However, spatially variable selection exerted by herbivores may also give rise to differences among populations. To explore to what extent these factors promote the among-population differentiation of plant resistance of 13 populations of @entity2 , we compared the degree of phenotypic differentiation (P ST) of leaf resistance traits (trichome density, @entity0 and @entity1 concentration) against neutral genetic differentiation (F ST) at microsatellite loci. Results showed that phenotypic differentiation in defensive traits among-population is not consistent with divergence promoted by genetic drift and restricted gene flow alone. Phenotypic differentiation in @entity1 concentration was significantly higher than F ST across the range of trait heritability values. In contrast, genetic differentiation in trichome density was different from F ST only when heritability was very low. On the other hand, differentiation in @entity0 concentration differed from the neutral expectation when heritability was less than or equal to 0.3. In addition, we did not find a significant correlation between pair-wise neutral genetic distances and distances of phenotypic resistance traits. Our findings reinforce previous evidence that divergent natural selection exerted by herbivores has promoted the among-population phenotypic differentiation of defensive traits in @entity2 .

title: Adaptive divergence in resistance to herbivores in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The authors conducted a retrospective hospital-based chart review of cases of @entity4 among @entity0 less than or equal to 18 years of age, hospitalized in Oregon during the four-year period from January 1979 to December 1982. Thirty @entity0 with @entity4 living in Oregon were hospitalized during this period, for an average annual incidence of 0.97 cases per 100,000 @entity0 . Seventy per cent of cases occurred in @entity0 under five years of age, for an incidence of 2.65 cases per 100,000 @entity0 . Twenty-seven (90%) of the 30 @entity0 were white, and 17 (57%) were female. Twenty-four (80%) had a diarrheal prodromal illness including 20 who had bloody @entity3 . Twelve @entity0 (40%) acutely required peritoneal dialysis, and two (7%) developed @entity2 . Three @entity0 died, for a case fatality ratio of 10%. Sixty per cent of the 30 cases occurred during the summer and early fall months. Geographic clustering was also evident. @entity4 is a rare but @entity1 in Oregon and may occur in small clusters. Although descriptions of several large series of @entity0 have been published, this study describes the first statewide population-based study of this syndrome.

title: A population-based study of XXXX in Oregon, 1979-1982.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Thyroid hormone is an essential modulator of brain development, but little is known about its actions in the adult brain. @entity6 is associated with gene expression changes in both central and peripheral nervous tissue. Functional consequences of adult-onset @entity6 include an inability to produce long-term potentiation in @entity1 hippocampus and @entity2 in both @entity1 and @entity0 . Long-term potentiation is a form of learning that is dependent on functional @entity5 ( @entity4 )-preferring ionotropic @entity8 receptors. This work examines the expression of ionotropic @entity8 receptor subunit mRNA following surgical thyroidectomy with or without @entity14 replacement. In situ hybridization histochemistry was used to determine the mRNA levels of the @entity4 receptor subunits @entity11 , @entity12 , @entity10 , the @entity3 receptor subunit @entity13 , and the @entity9 receptor subunit @entity15 . Reducing circulating concentrations of thyroid hormone by surgical removal of the thyroid gland 2 weeks before sacrifice decreased the expression of @entity11 mRNA exclusively in the hippocampus. Conversely, @entity7 selectively reduced @entity10 mRNA expression in the dorsal hippocampus. Altering thyroid hormone status had no effect on the expression of @entity15 or @entity13 subunit mRNA. The regulation of expression of @entity11 and @entity10 mRNA by thyroid hormone is a novel mechanism for explaining the relationship between thyroid hormone and cognitive function.

title: Thyroid hormone regulation of XXXX receptor subunit mRNA expression in adult brain.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Low-energy helium-neon lasers (632.8 nm) have been employed in a variety of clinical treatments including @entity3 management. Light-mediated reaction to low-energy laser irradiation is referred to as biostimulation rather than a thermal effect. This study sought to determine the theoretical basis and clinical evidence for the effectiveness of helium-neon lasers in treating @entity3 . Cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts were irradiated with 0.5-1.5 J per cm2 helium-neon laser radiation. The effects of the helium-neon laser on melanocyte growth and proliferation were investigated. The results of this in vitro study revealed a significant increase in basic fibroblast growth factor release from both keratinocytes and fibroblasts and a significant increase in nerve growth factor release from keratinocytes. Medium from helium-neon laser irradiated keratinocytes stimulated @entity1 uptake and proliferation of cultured melanocytes. Furthermore, melanocyte migration was enhanced either directly by helium-neon laser irradiation or indirectly by the medium derived from helium-neon laser treated keratinocytes. Thirty @entity0 with @entity2 on the head and/or neck were enrolled in this study. Helium-neon laser light was administered locally at 3.0 J per cm2 with point stimulation once or twice weekly. The percentage of repigmented area was used for clinical evaluation of effectiveness. After an average of 16 treatment sessions, initial repigmentation was noticed. Marked repigmentation (>50%) was observed in 60% of @entity0 with successive treatments. Basic fibroblast growth factor is a putative melanocyte growth factor, whereas nerve growth factor is a paracrine factor for melanocyte survival in the skin. Both nerve growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor stimulate melanocyte migration. It is reasonable to propose that helium-neon laser irradiation clearly stimulates melanocyte migration and proliferation and mitogen release for melanocyte growth and may also rescue damaged melanocytes, therefore providing a microenvironment for inducing repigmentation in @entity3 .

title: Helium-neon laser irradiation stimulates migration and proliferation in melanocytes and induces repigmentation in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To gather knowledge about effective return-to-work (RTW) interventions for @entity0 with acquired @entity2 (ABI). METHODS: A database search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library using keywords and Medical Subject Headings. Studies were included if they met inclusion criteria: adult @entity0 with non-progressive ABI, working @entity1 and an intervention principally designed to improve RTW as an outcome. The methodological quality of included studies was determined and evidence was assessed qualitatively. RESULTS: Twelve studies were included, of which five were randomized controlled trials and seven were cohort studies. Nine studies had sufficient methodological quality. There is strong evidence that work-directed interventions in combination with education/ @entity3 are effective regarding RTW and there are indicative findings for the effectiveness of work-directed interventions in combination with skills training and education/ @entity3 . Reported components of the most effective interventions were tailored approach, early intervention, involvement of @entity0 and employer, work or workplace accommodations, work practice and training of social and work-related skills, including coping and emotional support. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Effective RTW interventions for @entity0 with ABI are a combination of work-directed interventions, @entity3 /education and/or skills training. These interventions have the potential to facilitate sustained RTW for @entity0 with ABI.

title: Effective return-to-work interventions after acquired XXXX : A systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Treatment of @entity0 involves an association of conservative surgery and radiotherapy. This implies various cutaneous complications, well known for their clinical and histological aspects. Little data are available concerning modifications of the cutaneous microrelief after radiotherapy. We have done a profilometric analysis of the skin of @entity0 @entity1 treated with surgery and radiotherapy. The results obtained on the irradiated breast have been compared with the ones of the controlateral normal breast. METHODS: Twenty @entity1 , 43-55 year old were enrolled in the study 6-16 months after the end of a treatment associating conservative surgery and radiotherapy for @entity0 . Imprints using a @entity6 rubber material were performed over symmetrical areas of the treated breast and the controlateral one. All measures were performed over the upper-medial quadrant of each breast. The imprints are then blindly analysed using an image analyser. The following parameters were measured: @entity5 (average roughness of the skin), RZ (average of the @entity4 ), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), Rn (number of furrows) and AR (space between the furrows). RESULTS: The comparison of the imprints shows important modifications of the microrelief after irradiation. We observe a slight increase of the skin roughness ( @entity5 : 26, 39 +/- 2, 58 versus 21, 84 +/- 1, 59), a significantly increase of the @entity4 (RZ: 121, 66 +/- 10, 46 versus 101, 26 +/- 6, 99) along with an increase of the @entity2 ( @entity2 : 580, 60 +/- 60, 60 versus 450, 46 +/- 48, 43). The number of furrows has not significantly decreased but the space between the furrows has increased on the irradiated breast. CONCLUSION: This study shows a breakdown effect of irradiation on the skin in correlation with the @entity3 inducing by ionising radiation. The imprints modifications are clearly different from those usually observed in the ageing process. Our results can be a basis for studying the effects of treatments on cutaneous complications linked to the radiation-induced @entity3 .

title: Radiation-induced skin XXXX after treatment of @entity0 : profilometric analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Treatment of @entity0 involves an association of conservative surgery and radiotherapy. This implies various cutaneous complications, well known for their clinical and histological aspects. Little data are available concerning modifications of the cutaneous microrelief after radiotherapy. We have done a profilometric analysis of the skin of @entity0 @entity1 treated with surgery and radiotherapy. The results obtained on the irradiated breast have been compared with the ones of the controlateral normal breast. METHODS: Twenty @entity1 , 43-55 year old were enrolled in the study 6-16 months after the end of a treatment associating conservative surgery and radiotherapy for @entity0 . Imprints using a @entity6 rubber material were performed over symmetrical areas of the treated breast and the controlateral one. All measures were performed over the upper-medial quadrant of each breast. The imprints are then blindly analysed using an image analyser. The following parameters were measured: @entity5 (average roughness of the skin), RZ (average of the @entity4 ), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), Rn (number of furrows) and AR (space between the furrows). RESULTS: The comparison of the imprints shows important modifications of the microrelief after irradiation. We observe a slight increase of the skin roughness ( @entity5 : 26, 39 +/- 2, 58 versus 21, 84 +/- 1, 59), a significantly increase of the @entity4 (RZ: 121, 66 +/- 10, 46 versus 101, 26 +/- 6, 99) along with an increase of the @entity2 ( @entity2 : 580, 60 +/- 60, 60 versus 450, 46 +/- 48, 43). The number of furrows has not significantly decreased but the space between the furrows has increased on the irradiated breast. CONCLUSION: This study shows a breakdown effect of irradiation on the skin in correlation with the @entity3 inducing by ionising radiation. The imprints modifications are clearly different from those usually observed in the ageing process. Our results can be a basis for studying the effects of treatments on cutaneous complications linked to the radiation-induced @entity3 .

title: Radiation-induced skin @entity3 after treatment of XXXX : profilometric analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Rapid correction of chronic @entity8 is known to cause @entity2 , which are attributed to the rapid shift of water out of the brain. In @entity6 @entity0 with @entity8 , depending on the dialysate @entity5 concentration and delivered Kt/V, serum @entity5 levels may be rapidly corrected inadvertently during the hemodialysis (HD) session. It is not known whether @entity6 @entity0 are as susceptible to the development of @entity2 as @entity0 with normal renal function. Since urea diffuses slowly across the blood-brain barrier, it can act as an effective osmole between plasma and the brain if levels are changed abruptly. During HD, blood @entity4 levels drop suddenly and significantly and @entity7 may develop (dialysis disequilibrium syndrome). This effect may counteract the fluid shift out of the brain during correction of @entity8 . Therefore, theoretically, @entity6 @entity0 may be less prone to develop @entity2 . We present a @entity0 with @entity3 whose @entity8 was corrected rapidly during HD to illustrate the potential problem. The @entity0 tolerated rapid correction of @entity8 without sustaining any @entity1 . We performed a literature search looking for similar case reports and reviewed the scientific evidence behind the above hypothesis.

title: Does uremia protect against the XXXX associated with correction of @entity8 during hemodialysis? A case report and literature review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Rapid correction of chronic @entity8 is known to cause @entity2 , which are attributed to the rapid shift of water out of the brain. In @entity6 @entity0 with @entity8 , depending on the dialysate @entity5 concentration and delivered Kt/V, serum @entity5 levels may be rapidly corrected inadvertently during the hemodialysis (HD) session. It is not known whether @entity6 @entity0 are as susceptible to the development of @entity2 as @entity0 with normal renal function. Since urea diffuses slowly across the blood-brain barrier, it can act as an effective osmole between plasma and the brain if levels are changed abruptly. During HD, blood @entity4 levels drop suddenly and significantly and @entity7 may develop (dialysis disequilibrium syndrome). This effect may counteract the fluid shift out of the brain during correction of @entity8 . Therefore, theoretically, @entity6 @entity0 may be less prone to develop @entity2 . We present a @entity0 with @entity3 whose @entity8 was corrected rapidly during HD to illustrate the potential problem. The @entity0 tolerated rapid correction of @entity8 without sustaining any @entity1 . We performed a literature search looking for similar case reports and reviewed the scientific evidence behind the above hypothesis.

title: Does uremia protect against the @entity2 associated with correction of XXXX during hemodialysis? A case report and literature review.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The combination treatment of @entity7 (M), @entity10 (V), and @entity6 (P) ( @entity13 ) in 63 @entity0 with advanced @entity8 ( @entity8 ) were evaluated for their potential synergistic @entity2 . The overall response rate was 43% (27/63); in the 54 eligible and evaluable @entity0 , the response rate was 50% (27/54). Responses were observed in all cell types and disease sites. Cell type; performance status of 0, 1, or 2; sex; and age younger or older than 60 years did not significantly influence the response rate. However, @entity0 with prior radiation had significantly more treatment failure than those without. The dose-limiting side effects in these 54 @entity0 were myelosuppression (40%), @entity12 (9%), @entity11 (6%), and intractable @entity3 and @entity4 (4%). The degree of @entity9 (P less than 0.01) but not of @entity5 increased significantly in @entity0 who had received prior radiotherapy. One @entity0 died of marked @entity5 and one of fulminant @entity1 . @entity0 who responded lived significantly longer than those who did not (P less than 0.004). A majority of the responders (82%) also achieved symptomatic palliation. With appropriate dose modification and supportive care, @entity13 was tolerable. Further trials with this regimen or a modified version are worth consideration.

title: Phase II evaluation of a combination of @entity7 , @entity10 , and XXXX in advanced @entity8 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The combination treatment of @entity7 (M), @entity10 (V), and @entity6 (P) ( @entity13 ) in 63 @entity0 with advanced @entity8 ( @entity8 ) were evaluated for their potential synergistic @entity2 . The overall response rate was 43% (27/63); in the 54 eligible and evaluable @entity0 , the response rate was 50% (27/54). Responses were observed in all cell types and disease sites. Cell type; performance status of 0, 1, or 2; sex; and age younger or older than 60 years did not significantly influence the response rate. However, @entity0 with prior radiation had significantly more treatment failure than those without. The dose-limiting side effects in these 54 @entity0 were myelosuppression (40%), @entity12 (9%), @entity11 (6%), and intractable @entity3 and @entity4 (4%). The degree of @entity9 (P less than 0.01) but not of @entity5 increased significantly in @entity0 who had received prior radiotherapy. One @entity0 died of marked @entity5 and one of fulminant @entity1 . @entity0 who responded lived significantly longer than those who did not (P less than 0.004). A majority of the responders (82%) also achieved symptomatic palliation. With appropriate dose modification and supportive care, @entity13 was tolerable. Further trials with this regimen or a modified version are worth consideration.

title: Phase II evaluation of a combination of XXXX , @entity10 , and @entity6 in advanced @entity8 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The combination treatment of @entity7 (M), @entity10 (V), and @entity6 (P) ( @entity13 ) in 63 @entity0 with advanced @entity8 ( @entity8 ) were evaluated for their potential synergistic @entity2 . The overall response rate was 43% (27/63); in the 54 eligible and evaluable @entity0 , the response rate was 50% (27/54). Responses were observed in all cell types and disease sites. Cell type; performance status of 0, 1, or 2; sex; and age younger or older than 60 years did not significantly influence the response rate. However, @entity0 with prior radiation had significantly more treatment failure than those without. The dose-limiting side effects in these 54 @entity0 were myelosuppression (40%), @entity12 (9%), @entity11 (6%), and intractable @entity3 and @entity4 (4%). The degree of @entity9 (P less than 0.01) but not of @entity5 increased significantly in @entity0 who had received prior radiotherapy. One @entity0 died of marked @entity5 and one of fulminant @entity1 . @entity0 who responded lived significantly longer than those who did not (P less than 0.004). A majority of the responders (82%) also achieved symptomatic palliation. With appropriate dose modification and supportive care, @entity13 was tolerable. Further trials with this regimen or a modified version are worth consideration.

title: Phase II evaluation of a combination of @entity7 , XXXX , and @entity6 in advanced @entity8 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: The combination treatment of @entity7 (M), @entity10 (V), and @entity6 (P) ( @entity13 ) in 63 @entity0 with advanced @entity8 ( @entity8 ) were evaluated for their potential synergistic @entity2 . The overall response rate was 43% (27/63); in the 54 eligible and evaluable @entity0 , the response rate was 50% (27/54). Responses were observed in all cell types and disease sites. Cell type; performance status of 0, 1, or 2; sex; and age younger or older than 60 years did not significantly influence the response rate. However, @entity0 with prior radiation had significantly more treatment failure than those without. The dose-limiting side effects in these 54 @entity0 were myelosuppression (40%), @entity12 (9%), @entity11 (6%), and intractable @entity3 and @entity4 (4%). The degree of @entity9 (P less than 0.01) but not of @entity5 increased significantly in @entity0 who had received prior radiotherapy. One @entity0 died of marked @entity5 and one of fulminant @entity1 . @entity0 who responded lived significantly longer than those who did not (P less than 0.004). A majority of the responders (82%) also achieved symptomatic palliation. With appropriate dose modification and supportive care, @entity13 was tolerable. Further trials with this regimen or a modified version are worth consideration.

title: Phase II evaluation of a combination of @entity7 , @entity10 , and @entity6 in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Consanguineous marriage is a widely practised social custom in Asia and northern Africa. In south India, Dravidian Hindus have contracted consanguineous marriages for over 2,000 years. In the present study, the influence of consanguinity on the prevalence of @entity2 was examined in @entity0 attending a specialist genetic eye clinic. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 2,335 @entity0 attending Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India, were screened for @entity1 over a five-year period. The @entity0 were drawn from all parts of India and from neighbouring countries in south Asia. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Six hundred and seventy-three (28.8%) of the @entity0 tested for ophthalmic @entity1 reported a family history of consanguinity. The majority (n = 574) of these families were from south India. In the @entity0 group as a whole, the most common form of consanguineous union was between first cousins (n = 367), followed by uncle/niece marriage (n = 177), equivalent to a mean coefficient of inbreeding alpha = 0.0202. Among the consanguineous families, 430 of 673 (63.9%) had @entity3 , 167 of these cases were autosomal recessive and 199 were isolated cases. The public in regions such as south India should be made aware of the merits and demerits of consanguineous marriages.

title: Consanguinity and XXXX in South India: analysis of a five-year study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since 2007 the Danish Health and Medicines Authority has advised total @entity1 abstinence from the time of trying to conceive and throughout pregnancy. The prevalence of binge drinking among pregnant Danish @entity0 has nevertheless been reported to be up to 48  % during early pregnancy. Since the introduction of the recommendation of total abstinence, no studies have examined pre-pregnancy lifestyle and reproductive risk factors associated with this behaviour in a Danish context. The aims of this study were therefore to describe the prevalence of weekly @entity1 consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy among @entity0 living in the capital of Denmark. Secondly to identify pre-pregnancy lifestyle and reproductive risk factors associated with binge drinking during early pregnancy. METHODS: Data were collected from September 2012 to August 2013 at the Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Self-reported information on each @entity0 's socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, and lifestyle factors including @entity1 habits was obtained from an electronic questionnaire filled out as part of the individual medical record. Descriptive analysis was conducted and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the potential associated risk factors (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)). RESULTS: Questionnaires from 3,238 @entity0 were included. A majority of 70  %, reported weekly @entity1 consumption before pregnancy. The prevalence decreased to 3  % during early pregnancy. The overall proportion of @entity0 reporting binge drinking during early pregnancy was 35  % (n   =   1,134). The following independent risk factors for binge drinking in early pregnancy were identified: lower degree of planned pregnancy, smoking and @entity1 habits before pregnancy ((1 unit/weekly aOR 4.48, CI: 3.14 - 6.40), (2-7 units aOR 10.23, CI: 7.44-14.06), (>= 8 units aOR 33.18, CI: 19.53-56.36)). Multiparity and the use of assisted reproductive technology were associated with lower odds of binge drinking in early pregnancy. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of weekly @entity1 consumption decreased considerably during early pregnancy compared with pre-pregnancy levels. Nevertheless one third of the pregnant @entity0 engaged in binge drinking. Identification of risk factors for this behaviour renders it possible not only to design prevention strategies, but also to target those most at risk.

title: XXXX consumption and binge drinking in early pregnancy. A cross-sectional study with data from the Copenhagen Pregnancy Cohort.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Pulmonary artery catheters are frequently used to measure @entity4 , particularly the pulmonary wedge pressure (Pw), which reflects pulmonary venous and ideally left atrial pressures. However, the pulmonary capillary pressure (Pc) is the major force in the formation of @entity8 . Unfortunately, Pw has been interpreted as being identical to Pc. In this study we used 7-Fr pulmonary artery catheters to measure effective Pc in closed-chest animals and @entity0 . The decreasing pressure profile after pulmonary @entity5 was separated into fast and slow components, with the inflection point between them representing Pc. Pc was also estimated by mathematically analyzing the curves in terms of a precapillary resistance, a large pulmonary capillary capacitor, and a postcapillary resistance. In @entity3 , Pc was determined after pulmonary vascular resistance had been increased by infusing @entity7 and @entity1 . While Pw remained unchanged, @entity7 increased pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) 52% and @entity9 %, whereas @entity1 increased Ppa only 25%, but increased Pc by 35%. This is consistent with studies showing that @entity7 primarily elevates precapillary resistance, and @entity1 increases postcapillary resistance. In thoracic surgery @entity0 , Pc was not consistently related to Pw. This measurement was simple, reproducible, and provided a more precise capillary filtration pressure than Pw. It should be clinically useful in monitoring @entity0 with @entity2 and adult @entity6 , especially those with pulmonary artery catheters.

title: Measurement of effective pulmonary capillary pressure using the pressure profile after pulmonary XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Ovarian germline stem cells (OGSCs) have been shown to mainly exist in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ), but the activity changes of germline stem cells during different reproductive stages and the potential regulatory signaling pathway are still unknown. The Notch signaling pathway plays a key role in cell development, primordial follicles and stem cell proliferation. However, whether it plays a role in the proliferation of OGSCs is unknown. Here, we analyzed the activity changes of germline stem cells and the correlation between germline stem cells and the Notch signaling pathway. METHODS: The expression of germline stem cell markers @entity6 , Ooc4 and the Notch molecules @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity5 were detected during 3 days (3d), and 2, 12, 20 months (2m, 12m, 20m) @entity0 @entity1 samples. @entity7 , a specific inhibitor of the Notch pathway, was used to observe the influence of Notch signaling in the germline stem cells. RESULTS: The results showed that the levels of @entity6 and @entity3 decreased substantially with reproductive age in @entity1 , and the same tendency was detected in the Notch signaling molecules @entity2 , @entity4 and @entity5 . Dual-IF results showed that the germline stem cell markers were co-expressed with Notch molecules in the @entity1 . While, the expression of @entity6 and @entity3 were reduced when the ovaries were treated with @entity7 and the levels were attenuated with increasing dose of @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results indicate that the viability of OGSCs decreased with the age of the @entity0 ovaries, and the activity of OGSCs in the @entity1 may be related to the Notch signaling pathway.

title: The Expression of Markers Related to Ovarian Germline Stem Cells in the XXXX Ovarian Surface Epithelium and the Correlation with Notch Signaling Pathway.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 is a common condition affecting most @entity0 at some stage in their reproductive life. @entity3 is resistant to treatment in 6% of cyclical and 26% non-cyclical @entity0 . Surgery is not widely used to treat this condition and only considered in @entity0 with severe @entity3 resistant to medication. The aims of this study were to audit the efficacy of surgery in severe treatment resistant @entity3 and to assess @entity0 satisfaction following surgery. This is a retrospective review of the medical records of all @entity0 seen in @entity3 clinic in the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff since 1973. A postal questionnaire was distributed to all @entity0 who had undergone surgery. Results showed that of the 1054 @entity0 seen in @entity3 clinic, 12 (1.2%) had undergone surgery. Surgery included 8 subcutaneous mastectomies with implants (3 bilateral, 5 unilateral), 1 bilateral simple mastectomy and 3 quadrantectomies (1 having a further simple mastectomy). The median duration of symptoms was 6.5 years (range 2-16 years). Five @entity0 (50%) were @entity1 free following surgery, 3 developed capsular @entity2 with dehiscence. @entity1 persisted in both @entity0 undergoing quadrantectomy. We conclude that surgery for @entity3 should only be considered in a minority of @entity0 . @entity0 should be informed of possible complications inherent of reconstructive surgery and warned that in 50% cases their @entity1 will not be improved.

title: Is there a role for surgery in the treatment of XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review systematically the frequency and prognostic significance of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Papers relating to @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 were retrieved. The only studies considered were those with at least 10 consecutive cases of @entity2 with or without @entity3 . The frequency of @entity3 in such cases was calculated in prospective and retrospective studies. Mortality was compared in @entity0 with and without @entity1 . RESULTS: 154 papers were reviewed. Three prospective studies and six retrospective studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Of 181 @entity0 with @entity2 assessed prospectively (mean age, 51.7 years), 24 (13%) had @entity3 ; among 1086 retrospective records, 37 (3%) had documented @entity3 (p<0.001). @entity0 with @entity1 had higher Hunt and Hess grades than those without (mean grade, 3.6 v 2.6). @entity0 with @entity1 were also more likely to die (13 of 30 (43%) v 31 of 342 (9%); odds ratio 4.8; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Prospective studies show a higher frequency of @entity1 than retrospective studies, suggesting that @entity3 is not well documented. @entity3 is an adverse prognostic finding in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: A systematic review of XXXX : frequency and prognosis after @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review systematically the frequency and prognostic significance of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Papers relating to @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 were retrieved. The only studies considered were those with at least 10 consecutive cases of @entity2 with or without @entity3 . The frequency of @entity3 in such cases was calculated in prospective and retrospective studies. Mortality was compared in @entity0 with and without @entity1 . RESULTS: 154 papers were reviewed. Three prospective studies and six retrospective studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Of 181 @entity0 with @entity2 assessed prospectively (mean age, 51.7 years), 24 (13%) had @entity3 ; among 1086 retrospective records, 37 (3%) had documented @entity3 (p<0.001). @entity0 with @entity1 had higher Hunt and Hess grades than those without (mean grade, 3.6 v 2.6). @entity0 with @entity1 were also more likely to die (13 of 30 (43%) v 31 of 342 (9%); odds ratio 4.8; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Prospective studies show a higher frequency of @entity1 than retrospective studies, suggesting that @entity3 is not well documented. @entity3 is an adverse prognostic finding in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: A systematic review of @entity1 : frequency and prognosis after XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Inclusions of @entity2 ( @entity3 ) in the maturation medium increased the conversion frequency of white spruce somatic embryos without the need of a partial drying treatment (PDT). This beneficial effect was the result of major alterations in morphology and gene expression during the maturation period. Compared with control embryos, @entity3 -treated embryos showed a differential accumulation of storage products, i.e. preferential deposition of starch, the reduced formation of protein bodies, and increased vacuolation of cells. These morphological changes correlated with extensive alterations of gene expression occurring throughout the maturation period. The transcript profiles of stage-specific embryos matured with or without @entity3 were analysed using a DNA microarray containing 2 178 cDNAs from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda). The efficiency of heterologous hybridization between spruce and pine species on microarrays has previously been documented. The results indicate that several genes involved in a variety of signal regulatory pathways were differentially expressed in developing @entity3 - treated embryos. The transcript levels of many genes involved in @entity1 metabolism and protein synthesis were altered by the presence of @entity3 and denoted differences in physiology between treatments. Extensive changes in the expression of genes participating in hormone synthesis, @entity0 metabolism, and meristem formation were also observed and related to the post-embryonic performance of the embryos.

title: The effect of XXXX on morphology and gene expression of white spruce (Picea glauca) somatic embryos.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 presenting with subacute @entity11 are frequently seen in acute neurological practice. Amongst the differential diagnoses, herpes simplex @entity4 , @entity13 and @entity15 should be considered. @entity15 is typically a @entity12 with a poor prognosis; thus, identifying those @entity0 with potentially reversible symptoms is important. Voltage-gated @entity8 channel antibodies (VGKC-Ab) have recently been reported in three cases of reversible @entity15 . Here we review the clinical, immunological and neuropsychological features of 10 @entity0 (nine male, one female; age range 44-79 years), eight of whom were identified in two centres over a period of 15 months. The @entity0 presented with 1-52 week histories of @entity10 , @entity7 and @entity6 . Low plasma @entity9 concentrations, initially resistant to treatment, were present in eight out of 10. Brain MRI at onset showed signal change in the medial temporal lobes in eight out of 10 cases. Paraneoplastic antibodies were negative, but VGKC-Ab ranged from 450 to 5128 pM (neurological and healthy controls <100 pM). CSF oligoclonal bands were found in only one, but bands matched with those in the serum were found in six other @entity0 . VGKC-Abs in the CSF, tested in five individuals, varied between <1 and 10% of serum values. Only one @entity0 had @entity14 , which was excluded by electromyography in seven of the others. Formal neuropsychology testing showed @entity10 , with sparing of general intellect in all but two @entity0 , and of nominal functions in all but one. Variable regimes of @entity5 , plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin were associated with variable falls in serum VGKC-Abs, to values between 2 and 88% of the initial values, together with marked improvement of neuropsychological functioning in six @entity0 , slight improvement in three and none in one. The improvement in neuropsychological functioning in seven @entity0 correlated broadly with the fall in antibodies. However, varying degrees of @entity3 and residual @entity1 were common. Over the same period, only one paraneoplastic case of @entity15 was identified between the two main centres. Thus, VGKC-Ab-associated @entity2 is a relatively common form of autoimmune, non-paraneoplastic, potentially treatable @entity4 that can be diagnosed by a serological test. Establishing the frequency of this new syndrome, the full range of clinical presentations and means of early recognition, and optimal immunotherapy, should now be the aim.

title: @entity8 channel antibody-associated @entity2 : a potentially immunotherapy-responsive form of XXXX .

answer: @entity15


abstract: @entity0 presenting with subacute @entity11 are frequently seen in acute neurological practice. Amongst the differential diagnoses, herpes simplex @entity4 , @entity13 and @entity15 should be considered. @entity15 is typically a @entity12 with a poor prognosis; thus, identifying those @entity0 with potentially reversible symptoms is important. Voltage-gated @entity8 channel antibodies (VGKC-Ab) have recently been reported in three cases of reversible @entity15 . Here we review the clinical, immunological and neuropsychological features of 10 @entity0 (nine male, one female; age range 44-79 years), eight of whom were identified in two centres over a period of 15 months. The @entity0 presented with 1-52 week histories of @entity10 , @entity7 and @entity6 . Low plasma @entity9 concentrations, initially resistant to treatment, were present in eight out of 10. Brain MRI at onset showed signal change in the medial temporal lobes in eight out of 10 cases. Paraneoplastic antibodies were negative, but VGKC-Ab ranged from 450 to 5128 pM (neurological and healthy controls <100 pM). CSF oligoclonal bands were found in only one, but bands matched with those in the serum were found in six other @entity0 . VGKC-Abs in the CSF, tested in five individuals, varied between <1 and 10% of serum values. Only one @entity0 had @entity14 , which was excluded by electromyography in seven of the others. Formal neuropsychology testing showed @entity10 , with sparing of general intellect in all but two @entity0 , and of nominal functions in all but one. Variable regimes of @entity5 , plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin were associated with variable falls in serum VGKC-Abs, to values between 2 and 88% of the initial values, together with marked improvement of neuropsychological functioning in six @entity0 , slight improvement in three and none in one. The improvement in neuropsychological functioning in seven @entity0 correlated broadly with the fall in antibodies. However, varying degrees of @entity3 and residual @entity1 were common. Over the same period, only one paraneoplastic case of @entity15 was identified between the two main centres. Thus, VGKC-Ab-associated @entity2 is a relatively common form of autoimmune, non-paraneoplastic, potentially treatable @entity4 that can be diagnosed by a serological test. Establishing the frequency of this new syndrome, the full range of clinical presentations and means of early recognition, and optimal immunotherapy, should now be the aim.

title: @entity8 channel antibody-associated XXXX : a potentially immunotherapy-responsive form of @entity15 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 presenting with subacute @entity11 are frequently seen in acute neurological practice. Amongst the differential diagnoses, herpes simplex @entity4 , @entity13 and @entity15 should be considered. @entity15 is typically a @entity12 with a poor prognosis; thus, identifying those @entity0 with potentially reversible symptoms is important. Voltage-gated @entity8 channel antibodies (VGKC-Ab) have recently been reported in three cases of reversible @entity15 . Here we review the clinical, immunological and neuropsychological features of 10 @entity0 (nine male, one female; age range 44-79 years), eight of whom were identified in two centres over a period of 15 months. The @entity0 presented with 1-52 week histories of @entity10 , @entity7 and @entity6 . Low plasma @entity9 concentrations, initially resistant to treatment, were present in eight out of 10. Brain MRI at onset showed signal change in the medial temporal lobes in eight out of 10 cases. Paraneoplastic antibodies were negative, but VGKC-Ab ranged from 450 to 5128 pM (neurological and healthy controls <100 pM). CSF oligoclonal bands were found in only one, but bands matched with those in the serum were found in six other @entity0 . VGKC-Abs in the CSF, tested in five individuals, varied between <1 and 10% of serum values. Only one @entity0 had @entity14 , which was excluded by electromyography in seven of the others. Formal neuropsychology testing showed @entity10 , with sparing of general intellect in all but two @entity0 , and of nominal functions in all but one. Variable regimes of @entity5 , plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin were associated with variable falls in serum VGKC-Abs, to values between 2 and 88% of the initial values, together with marked improvement of neuropsychological functioning in six @entity0 , slight improvement in three and none in one. The improvement in neuropsychological functioning in seven @entity0 correlated broadly with the fall in antibodies. However, varying degrees of @entity3 and residual @entity1 were common. Over the same period, only one paraneoplastic case of @entity15 was identified between the two main centres. Thus, VGKC-Ab-associated @entity2 is a relatively common form of autoimmune, non-paraneoplastic, potentially treatable @entity4 that can be diagnosed by a serological test. Establishing the frequency of this new syndrome, the full range of clinical presentations and means of early recognition, and optimal immunotherapy, should now be the aim.

title: XXXX channel antibody-associated @entity2 : a potentially immunotherapy-responsive form of @entity15 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: The results of changes in @entity2 and pulmonary function are reported in 27 @entity5 @entity0 followed up for about 10 years after @entity4 , which occupied at least 50% of a hemithorax. In 10 @entity0 bilateral bullectomy was done. The spirographic improvement depends on the type of bulla. Resection of bullae at open communication with the bronchial tree resulted predominantly in improvement of forced expiratory volume as a percentage of vital capacity, whereas after closed bullae were resected, the increase in vital capacity was most apparent. Dyspnea lessened in all @entity0 . Seven older @entity0 died of ventilatory insufficiency. Preoperatively they were clinically and functionally severely disabled. They improved markedly after bullectomy, and their mean survival time was more than 7 years. In all 27 @entity0 improvement of @entity2 and pulmonary function lasted several years and only gradually returned to preoperative values and beyond. No @entity4 recurred in the observation period; neither was there an accelerated progression of the @entity5 process. Our present selection criteria, based on previous experience, are as follows: @entity4 occupying at least 50% of a hemithorax, definite displacement of adjacent lung tissue, exclusion of the presence of @entity1 , and absence of chronic @entity3 .

title: Bullectomy for XXXX in emphysema.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Surgery is safe in hemophiliacs. The current problem of blood product-transmitted @entity4 has recently dampened an unqualified stance, but the dangers of not performing indicated nonelective surgery outweigh the possibility of inflicting @entity4 . Successful surgery in hemophiliacs first requires determination of the type of @entity3 involved. If an inhibitor is present, the procedure needs careful re-evaluation, but in general, surgical indications should be those of the general population and routine procedures should be followed. We find it helpful to have nursing personnel aware from the onset that these @entity0 and their medications require certain precautions, especially with respect to @entity2 medication. Unfortunately, too few medical personnel realize how many @entity2 compounds contain @entity1 . In addition, we usually prescribe intramuscular injection of medication. Factor levels must be monitored. A less-than-expected yield of factor following infusion is an excellent screen for clinically significant inhibitors. @entity0 also vary with respect to factor replacement and the half-life of infused factors. Kasper et al found no difference in half-life of infused factor with respect to whether the @entity0 was in a nonoperative or postoperative status; they did not find evidence that factor was consumed during the hemostatic stress of the surgery and that a given @entity0 's response in a nonoperative setting was predictive of his response in the postoperative period. The internist should be available so that any hemostatic problems experienced by the surgeon can be promptly addressed.

title: Surgery in XXXX . A prospective study of 100 consecutive procedures.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The present report of a malignant metastasizing @entity4 and a critical review of literature was undertaken in an attempt to better understand the biological potential and behavior of this rare @entity2 and thus to facilitate its clinical management. Most of the 26 @entity0 with a proven malignant @entity4 including the present case had developed multiple recurrences. The lung was the most frequent metastatic site (88%) followed by regional lymph nodes (27%). Furthermore @entity1 were observed in some cases in the bone, brain, kidney, small intestine and liver. The interval between diagnosis of @entity2 and manifestation of @entity1 was long with a median of 11.1 years. The average survival time was 13.1 years. By contrast, the interval between diagnosis of @entity1 and @entity3 was relatively short (median: 2.6 years). The histologic and cytologic pattern of malignant @entity4 and of its @entity1 was not significantly different from that of non-metastatic @entity4 . Because of the lack of morphological criteria of @entity2 the biological behavior of @entity4 cannot be predicted. It is difficult to be certain which factors are important in the delayed induction of @entity1 . It is suspected that @entity4 possess an inherent low grade @entity2 which is stimulated by multiple recurrences. It is further assumed that the @entity1 cells have a slow growth rate resulting in late clinical manifestation of @entity1 . When lung @entity1 occur we recommend their surgical removal in order to prolong live expectancy or even to obtain a curative effect.

title: Biology of metastasizing XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite a considerable increase in claims for long-term sickness benefits, and the impact of certifying sickness upon general practitioner (GP) workload, little is known about transition to long-term incapacity for work. AIM: To explore the relationship between @entity0 factors and the transition from short-term to long-term work incapacity, in particular focusing on mild @entity2 . SETTING: Nine practices comprising the Mersey Primary Care R_D Consortium. DESIGN: Prospective data collection and audit of sickness certificate details. METHOD: GPs issued carbonised sickness certificates for a period of 12 months. The resulting baseline dataset included claimant diagnosis, age, sex, postcode-derived deprivation score, and @entity6 . Associations of @entity0 factors with sickness duration outcomes were tested. RESULTS: Mild @entity3 accounted for nearly 40% of certified sickness. Relatively few claimants had their diagnosis changed during a sickness episode. Risk factors for longer-term incapacity included increasing age, social deprivation, mild and severe @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity5 . For mild @entity3 claimants, age, addiction, and deprivation were risk factors for relatively longer incapacity. For musculoskeletal problems, the development of chronic incapacity was significantly related to the nature of the problem. Back @entity4 claimants were likely to return to work sooner than those with other musculoskeletal problems. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the presenting diagnosis, a range of factors is associated with the development of chronic incapacity for work, including age and social deprivation. GPs should consider these when negotiating sickness certification with @entity0 .

title: XXXX factors associated with duration of certified sickness absence and transition to long-term incapacity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity3 ) is a cationic DNA condensing polymer that facilitates gene transfer into the @entity0 cells. The highest gene transfer with branched @entity3 is obtained at high @entity2 / @entity1 (N/P) ratios with free @entity3 present. The small molecular weight @entity3 alone is not able to mediate DNA transfection. Here, we used recently developed time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic method to study the mechanism of @entity3 -DNA complex formation and to investigate how free @entity3 , mean molecular weight, and branching of @entity3 affect the complexes. Analysis of fluorescence lifetimes and time-resolved spectra revealed that for both linear and branched high-molecular-weight @entity3 the complexation takes place in two steps, but the small-molecular-weight branched @entity3 complexed DNA at a single step. According to the binding constants obtained from time-resolved spectroscopic measurements, the affinity of N/P complexation per @entity2 atom is highest for LPEI and weakest for BPEI, whereas SPEI-DNA complexation showed intermediate values. Thus, the binding constant alone does not give adequate measure for transfection efficiency. On the other hand, the presence of intermediate states during the polyplex formation seems to be favorable for the gene transfection. Free @entity3 had no impact on the physical state of @entity3 -DNA complexes, even though it was essential for gene transfection in the cell culture. In conclusion, the molecular size and topology of @entity3 have direct influence on the DNA complexation but the free @entity3 does not. Free @entity3 must facilitate transfection at the cellular level and not via indirect effects on the @entity3 -DNA complexes.

title: Role of polyplex intermediate species on gene transfer efficiency: XXXX -DNA complexes and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A meta-analysis of over 3000 @entity1 in 1992 demonstrated that @entity2 in @entity1 less than 50 years of age produces a highly significant reduction in both disease recurrence and mortality. @entity2 has been offered to premenopausal @entity1 at the University College Hospital in Galway for 12 years. A review of 136 cases with follow-up and examination of disease-free survival and mortality is presented. The influence of @entity3 receptor status on response and long-term outcome is examined. Premenopausal @entity1 over the age of 40 years were offered bilateral laparoscopic oophorectomy. This procedure was well tolerated with no serious morbidity. A significant difference in disease-free survival and reduction in mortality was observed in the @entity3 receptor positive group when compared with @entity1 with @entity3 receptor negative disease. No significant difference in disease-free survival or mortality was observed between the @entity3 receptor negative group and a comparable control group. These results have influenced our @entity1 selection for this adjuvant treatment. A controlled prospective trial is now necessary to examine the role of laparoscopic oophorectomy in @entity3 receptor negative, premenopausal @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: XXXX receptor status determines oncological benefits of laparoscopic oophorectomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We conducted an analysis on 41 cases of @entity7 (median age 54 y; range 25-82 y) in Kuwait. Most (51%) were @entity1 with 65% arising in the left breast. There were 5 (12%) T1 @entity1 , 23 (56%) T2 @entity1 and 13 (32%) T3/T4 @entity1 . They were mostly (95%) infiltrating @entity2 ; 97% were grade 2 or 3. Axillary lymph node involvement was found in 69%. Estimated 5-year survival rates were 67% and 58% for overall and relapse free survival respectively. Favourable prognosis was associated with age below 50y, clinical stage I and II, small @entity1 size (T1, T2), low @entity1 grade and absence of nodal involvement or distant metastases; nodal status and grade were independent factors for relapse free survival in multivariate analysis. In 18 cases, an immunohistochemical study showed some degree of @entity1 antigen reaction for ER in 89% of cases, PR in 61%, @entity8 in 44%, CathD in 72%, @entity4 in 56%, @entity6 in 50%, Ki67 and @entity5 in 100% and @entity3 in 78%. There were significant associations between several of these factors but none influenced survival. Despite the high incidence of staining of ER, our data do not support the concept of an endocrine pathway that could be usefully antagonized with antioestrogens for therapeutic benefit, as in @entity0 .

title: Evaluation of prognostic factors in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: A range of diagnostic techniques have been in use for determining the nature of non-palpable mammographic abnormalities over the last decade, these include stereotactic and ultrasound guided cytology, core biopsy and vacuum assisted core biopsy techniques as well as open surgical breast biopsy. Recently, a less invasive alternative has been investigated; the Advanced Breast Biopsy Instrumentation (ABBI) technique (U.S. Surgical Corporation, Norwalk, CT). ABBI employs computer-guided stereotactic localization to target and excise mammographic lesions under local anesthesia, without the need for an operating theatre. We conducted a prospective review of all cases involving the use of the ABBI system during the first 17 months' of its use in a community hospital. One hundred and twenty six @entity0 were referred for an ABBI procedure. One hundred fourteen ABBI procedures were performed on 113 @entity0 (average age, 53 years; range, 33-82). The lesion was removed successfully in 113 of the 114 cases. Of the 114 lesions removed with the ABBI system, 88 were microcalcifications and 26 were masses. @entity1 was diagnosed in 21 @entity0 (18%). Of the @entity0 who had @entity2 , 11 (52%) had @entity3 in situ, 9 (43%) had infiltrating @entity3 , and 1 (5%) had @entity4 . Postprocedural complications occurred in 7 @entity0 (6%); 4 had small haematomas, 2 had superficial wound infections, and 1 had an abscess. We conclude that the ABBI system, is an excellent alternative (to open biopsy after needle localization or large-core biopsy) for nonpalpable @entity5 . It has a relatively low complication rate and should be considered as part of the surgical armamentarium for the diagnosis of indeterminate nonpalpable mammographic lesions.

title: Advanced breast biopsy instrumentation (ABBI) and management of nonpalpable XXXX : a community hospital experience.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between hormonal status and mortality in @entity0 with protracted @entity9 . METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study in four medical and surgical intensive care units (ICUs). ICU @entity0 who regained consciousness after 7 days of mechanical ventilation were included. Plasma levels of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, @entity1 , @entity6 , @entity2 , @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity10 ( @entity8 ) and @entity5 were measured on the first day @entity0 were awake and cooperative (day 1). Mean blood @entity3 from admission to day 1 was calculated. RESULTS: We studied 102 @entity0 : 65 @entity0 and 37 @entity0 (29 of the @entity0 were postmenopausal). Twenty-four @entity0 (24%) died in the hospital. The @entity4 levels were higher and the @entity5 levels were lower in survivors. Mean blood @entity3 was lower in @entity0 who survived, and @entity7 and @entity8 were higher in @entity0 who survived. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that, on the basis of sex, some endocrine or metabolic markers measured in the postacute phase of @entity9 might have a prognostic value.

title: Hormonal status in protracted XXXX and in-hospital mortality.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Monotherapy of @entity10 with the newer broad-spectrum @entity8 antibiotics has become attractive because of the efficacy, safety, and cost of these antibiotics when compared with conventional combination therapy. @entity7 / @entity14 is a recent and promising addition to this antibiotic family. Experience with @entity7 / @entity14 and that reported for @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity13 in the treatment of biopsy-proved @entity10 was compared, using data from published reports from five centers. Two hundred forty-three @entity0 were evaluable: 34 were treated with @entity7 / @entity14 , 84 with @entity9 , 122 with @entity11 , and 33 with @entity13 . @entity3 was isolated by 80 bone cultures and was the most common single species encountered. There were 75 isolates of @entity4 , 113 mixed Enterobacteriaceae species, 115 mixed gram-positive and -negative isolates of miscellaneous species, and 30 anerobic isolates. @entity1 was present in 101 cases (41.6 percent). Failure rates were similarly low in all groups (10 to 30 percent). However, resistance developed during therapy in all groups with @entity4 . Side effects were predictably few, but reversible @entity5 , @entity12 due to @entity6 , and @entity2 required therapy to be discontinued in seven @entity0 . @entity7 / @entity14 should prove to be a very effective and relatively safe single agent for treatment of @entity10 .

title: Role for newer @entity8 antibiotics in treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Monotherapy of @entity10 with the newer broad-spectrum @entity8 antibiotics has become attractive because of the efficacy, safety, and cost of these antibiotics when compared with conventional combination therapy. @entity7 / @entity14 is a recent and promising addition to this antibiotic family. Experience with @entity7 / @entity14 and that reported for @entity9 , @entity11 , and @entity13 in the treatment of biopsy-proved @entity10 was compared, using data from published reports from five centers. Two hundred forty-three @entity0 were evaluable: 34 were treated with @entity7 / @entity14 , 84 with @entity9 , 122 with @entity11 , and 33 with @entity13 . @entity3 was isolated by 80 bone cultures and was the most common single species encountered. There were 75 isolates of @entity4 , 113 mixed Enterobacteriaceae species, 115 mixed gram-positive and -negative isolates of miscellaneous species, and 30 anerobic isolates. @entity1 was present in 101 cases (41.6 percent). Failure rates were similarly low in all groups (10 to 30 percent). However, resistance developed during therapy in all groups with @entity4 . Side effects were predictably few, but reversible @entity5 , @entity12 due to @entity6 , and @entity2 required therapy to be discontinued in seven @entity0 . @entity7 / @entity14 should prove to be a very effective and relatively safe single agent for treatment of @entity10 .

title: Role for newer XXXX antibiotics in treatment of @entity10 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Of 1,247 consecutive @entity0 who underwent cardiac surgery, 297 (24%) developed a post-operative @entity7 . Of these @entity0 , 201 were suitable for treatment according to the study protocol. All @entity0 were initially given digoxin 0.75 mg intravenously (i.v.). After two hours, those 156 @entity0 whose @entity2 persisted were given a 2 mg/kg loading dose of @entity8 (i.v.), followed by a constant i.v. infusion (0.4 mg kg-1 h-1) or oral therapy (600 mg daily). Within a further 12 hours, 75 @entity0 (48%) reverted to sinus rhythm, 24 within one hour. Thus 120/201 @entity0 (60%) reverted to sinus rhythm within 14 hours of commencing therapy. Reversion rates of those @entity0 with both @entity3 and flutter (AF/AFL) were significantly lower than those with AF (p less than 0.001) or AFL (p less than 0.02) alone. A further 70 @entity0 reverted to sinus rhythm in one to 13 (mean four) days on continued drug therapy. @entity6 restored sinus rhythm in six subjects. @entity2 persisted in five @entity0 (2.5%) at hospital discharge. Side-effects of @entity8 were noted in 19% of @entity0 . Urinary retention was common (11.5%). Four @entity0 with @entity4 developed 1:1 atrioventricular conduction with the @entity8 loading dose. One @entity0 with @entity3 developed @entity5 during injection of the loading dose of @entity8 , but was successfully cardioverted to sinus rhythm. Two further @entity0 developed significant @entity1 (less than 90 mmHg systolic). @entity8 is effective in the treatment of post-operative @entity7 , but its routine use in this situation may be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of side-effects.

title: @entity7 after cardiac surgery: results of XXXX therapy.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Of 1,247 consecutive @entity0 who underwent cardiac surgery, 297 (24%) developed a post-operative @entity7 . Of these @entity0 , 201 were suitable for treatment according to the study protocol. All @entity0 were initially given digoxin 0.75 mg intravenously (i.v.). After two hours, those 156 @entity0 whose @entity2 persisted were given a 2 mg/kg loading dose of @entity8 (i.v.), followed by a constant i.v. infusion (0.4 mg kg-1 h-1) or oral therapy (600 mg daily). Within a further 12 hours, 75 @entity0 (48%) reverted to sinus rhythm, 24 within one hour. Thus 120/201 @entity0 (60%) reverted to sinus rhythm within 14 hours of commencing therapy. Reversion rates of those @entity0 with both @entity3 and flutter (AF/AFL) were significantly lower than those with AF (p less than 0.001) or AFL (p less than 0.02) alone. A further 70 @entity0 reverted to sinus rhythm in one to 13 (mean four) days on continued drug therapy. @entity6 restored sinus rhythm in six subjects. @entity2 persisted in five @entity0 (2.5%) at hospital discharge. Side-effects of @entity8 were noted in 19% of @entity0 . Urinary retention was common (11.5%). Four @entity0 with @entity4 developed 1:1 atrioventricular conduction with the @entity8 loading dose. One @entity0 with @entity3 developed @entity5 during injection of the loading dose of @entity8 , but was successfully cardioverted to sinus rhythm. Two further @entity0 developed significant @entity1 (less than 90 mmHg systolic). @entity8 is effective in the treatment of post-operative @entity7 , but its routine use in this situation may be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of side-effects.

title: XXXX after cardiac surgery: results of @entity8 therapy.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of combination therapies is needed to treat @entity6 in @entity0 with both elevated low-density lipoprotein @entity2 (LDL-C) and low high-density lipoprotein @entity2 (HDL-C). We conducted a study to assess the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with @entity5 plus extended-release (ER) @entity4 and @entity8 , aimed at lowering LDL-C and raising HDL-C, in subjects with @entity3 . METHODS: This 1-year study randomized 123 subjects with @entity3 to @entity7 alone, double therapy with @entity7 plus ER @entity4 , or triple therapy with @entity7 , plus ER @entity4 and @entity8 . Target LDL-C was  <=80 mg/dL for single and double therapy, and  <=60 mg/dL for triple therapy. Target HDL-C was an increase of >= 10 mg/dL for double and triple therapy. RESULTS: Single therapy, with mean @entity7 dose 30 mg/day, had a 47% reduction in LDL-C (P < 0.001) from 148    29 mg/dL to 77    15 mg/dL. With the addition of ER @entity4 , the double therapy had a 25% increase in HDL-C, from 42    11 mg/dL to 53    16 mg/dL (P < 0.001). The triple therapy decreased LDL-C by 57%, from 157    29 mg/dL to 66    18 mg/dL (P < 0.001), and increased HDL-C by 29%, from 40    9 mg/dL to 50    14 mg/dL (P < 0.001). Double and triple therapy required a lower @entity7 dose of 20 mg/day to reach the target LDL-C levels. On average, 75% and 67% of subjects reached the predefined LDL-C and HDL-C treatment targets. No related @entity1 or hepatotoxicity required stopping the therapy. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that combination therapy with @entity7 plus ER @entity4 and @entity8 can safely and effectively treat @entity6 in subjects with @entity3 .

title: Effects of adding extended-release @entity4 and XXXX to statin therapy on lipid levels in subjects with @entity3 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of combination therapies is needed to treat @entity6 in @entity0 with both elevated low-density lipoprotein @entity2 (LDL-C) and low high-density lipoprotein @entity2 (HDL-C). We conducted a study to assess the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with @entity5 plus extended-release (ER) @entity4 and @entity8 , aimed at lowering LDL-C and raising HDL-C, in subjects with @entity3 . METHODS: This 1-year study randomized 123 subjects with @entity3 to @entity7 alone, double therapy with @entity7 plus ER @entity4 , or triple therapy with @entity7 , plus ER @entity4 and @entity8 . Target LDL-C was  <=80 mg/dL for single and double therapy, and  <=60 mg/dL for triple therapy. Target HDL-C was an increase of >= 10 mg/dL for double and triple therapy. RESULTS: Single therapy, with mean @entity7 dose 30 mg/day, had a 47% reduction in LDL-C (P < 0.001) from 148    29 mg/dL to 77    15 mg/dL. With the addition of ER @entity4 , the double therapy had a 25% increase in HDL-C, from 42    11 mg/dL to 53    16 mg/dL (P < 0.001). The triple therapy decreased LDL-C by 57%, from 157    29 mg/dL to 66    18 mg/dL (P < 0.001), and increased HDL-C by 29%, from 40    9 mg/dL to 50    14 mg/dL (P < 0.001). Double and triple therapy required a lower @entity7 dose of 20 mg/day to reach the target LDL-C levels. On average, 75% and 67% of subjects reached the predefined LDL-C and HDL-C treatment targets. No related @entity1 or hepatotoxicity required stopping the therapy. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that combination therapy with @entity7 plus ER @entity4 and @entity8 can safely and effectively treat @entity6 in subjects with @entity3 .

title: Effects of adding extended-release XXXX and @entity8 to statin therapy on lipid levels in subjects with @entity3 .

answer: @entity4