abstract: The ultrastructural morphology of the cellular and extracellular components of the developing myocardial capillary wall--from the 16-day-gestation fetus of the @entity0 to the 21-day neonate--was examined. A morphometric analysis of plasmalemmal vesicles and of @entity2 and pits of capillary endothelial cells was performed during the same developmental period. As the lateral extensions of the capillary endothelial cells change from irregular to regular in their thickness during development, there is an increase in the number of plasmalemmal vesicles and a progression from clusters of plasmalemmal vesicles to a uniform distribution in the endothelial cell. The ratio of vesicles which are open to the luminal front, which are "free" in the cytoplasm, or which are open to the abluminal front of the endothelial cell was consistent throughout development. The numerical density of plasmalemmal vesicles demonstrates a gradual and significant increase. In contrast, the numbers of @entity2 and pits are variable within a very narrow range, and no pattern of increase or decrease is discernible during development. Similarly, there is no change in interendothelial cell junctions, which consist of occluding and primitive adhesive junctional types, during development. The lamina densa of the basal lamina gradually develops from discontinuous, patchy densities along the abluminal surface of the endothelial cells to a continuous and distinct layer by 21 days gestation. The presence of the proteoglycan species in the developing basal lamina was assessed with the cationic dye @entity3 (RR), and the appearance of RR-marked proteoglycans was found to parallel the appearance of lamina densa material. found to parallel the appearance of lamina densa material. The RR sites appear discontinuously in patches; and later, the RR sites appear in a continuous and regular planar lattice in the lamina rara interna and externa at 21 days gestation. A complete array of RR-stainable anionic sites outside a continuous lamina densa near birth indicates that the basal laminae of developing capillaries in the heart are morphologically, and in part biochemically, mature by the end of the first neonatal week. Our results show that the endothelial cells and the subtending basal lamina of @entity1 gradually mature morphologically during the final days of gestation and the first neonatal week.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Maturation of XXXX in the fetal and neonatal @entity0 : an ultrastructural study with a morphometric analysis of the vesicle populations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The ultrastructural morphology of the cellular and extracellular components of the developing myocardial capillary wall--from the 16-day-gestation fetus of the @entity0 to the 21-day neonate--was examined. A morphometric analysis of plasmalemmal vesicles and of @entity2 and pits of capillary endothelial cells was performed during the same developmental period. As the lateral extensions of the capillary endothelial cells change from irregular to regular in their thickness during development, there is an increase in the number of plasmalemmal vesicles and a progression from clusters of plasmalemmal vesicles to a uniform distribution in the endothelial cell. The ratio of vesicles which are open to the luminal front, which are "free" in the cytoplasm, or which are open to the abluminal front of the endothelial cell was consistent throughout development. The numerical density of plasmalemmal vesicles demonstrates a gradual and significant increase. In contrast, the numbers of @entity2 and pits are variable within a very narrow range, and no pattern of increase or decrease is discernible during development. Similarly, there is no change in interendothelial cell junctions, which consist of occluding and primitive adhesive junctional types, during development. The lamina densa of the basal lamina gradually develops from discontinuous, patchy densities along the abluminal surface of the endothelial cells to a continuous and distinct layer by 21 days gestation. The presence of the proteoglycan species in the developing basal lamina was assessed with the cationic dye @entity3 (RR), and the appearance of RR-marked proteoglycans was found to parallel the appearance of lamina densa material. found to parallel the appearance of lamina densa material. The RR sites appear discontinuously in patches; and later, the RR sites appear in a continuous and regular planar lattice in the lamina rara interna and externa at 21 days gestation. A complete array of RR-stainable anionic sites outside a continuous lamina densa near birth indicates that the basal laminae of developing capillaries in the heart are morphologically, and in part biochemically, mature by the end of the first neonatal week. Our results show that the endothelial cells and the subtending basal lamina of @entity1 gradually mature morphologically during the final days of gestation and the first neonatal week.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Maturation of @entity1 in the fetal and neonatal XXXX : an ultrastructural study with a morphometric analysis of the vesicle populations.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Amyloid-b (Ab)-induced @entity1 is considered central to the pathogenesis of @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Among several death modalities, autophagy and apoptosis play important roles in Ab-induced @entity1 suggesting that there may be regulatory mechanisms that initiate both cell death pathways. However, molecules that govern both pathways have not been identified. Here, we report that, upon Ab treatment, tribbles pseudokinase 3 ( @entity6 , an ortholog of Drosophila Tribbles) is up-regulated in neurons both in vivo and in vitro Increased @entity6 levels inhibited the activity of the kinase @entity2 by interacting with it. As a result, @entity4 ( @entity4 ), a transcription factor that is negatively regulated by @entity2 , was activated, translocated to the nucleus, and induced the pro-apoptotic gene @entity7 (Bim). Conversely, @entity4 responded to Ab insult by binding to the @entity6 gene promoter, enhancing its expression. Our investigations further revealed that @entity6 also induces autophagy. We found that @entity6 indirectly activates @entity5 ( @entity5 ) by impeding phosphorylation of, and thus inactivating, a negative regulator of @entity5 , mechanistic target of @entity3 . @entity5 activation augmented autophagosome formation and reduced autophagy flux. Thus, @entity6 was required for formation of autophagosomes, which accumulated in neurons as autophagic flux was thwarted. Most importantly, silencing endogenous @entity6 strongly protected neurons from Ab insult. Our results suggest that a self-amplifying feed-forward loop among @entity6 , @entity2 , and @entity4 in Ab-treated neurons induces both apoptosis and autophagy, culminating in @entity1 . Thus, @entity6 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for @entity0 .

title: Tribbles Pseudokinase 3 Induces Both Apoptosis and Autophagy in Amyloid-b-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Neuroplasticity in the amygdala drives @entity3 . The central nucleus (CeA) serves major amygdala output functions and can generate emotional-affective behaviors and modulate nocifensive responses. The CeA receives excitatory and inhibitory inputs from the basolateral nucleus (BLA) and @entity5 receptor subtype 5-HT2CR in the BLA, but not CeA, has been implicated anxiogenic behaviors and @entity2 . Here, we tested the hypothesis that 5-HT2CR in the BLA plays a critical role in CeA plasticity and @entity0 behaviors in the @entity1 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model. Local 5-HT2CR knockdown in the BLA with stereotaxic injection of 5-HT2CR shRNA AAV vector decreased vocalizations and @entity2 - and @entity4 -like behaviors and increased sensory thresholds of SNL @entity1 , but had no effect in sham controls. Extracellular single-unit recordings of CeA neurons in anesthetized @entity1 showed that 5-HT2CR knockdown blocked the increase in neuronal activity (increased responsiveness, irregular spike firing, and increased burst activity) in SNL @entity1 . At the synaptic level, 5-HT2CR knockdown blocked the increase in excitatory transmission from BLA to CeA recorded in brain slices from SNL @entity1 using whole-cell patch-clamp conditions. Inhibitory transmission was decreased by 5-HT2CR knockdown in control and SNL conditions to a similar degree. The findings can be explained by immunohistochemical data showing increased expression of 5-HT2CR in non-GABAergic BLA cells in SNL @entity1 . The results suggest that increased 5-HT2CR in the BLA contributes to @entity0 -related amygdala plasticity by driving synaptic excitation of CeA neurons. As a rescue strategy, 5-HT2CR knockdown in the BLA inhibits neuropathic- @entity3 .SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neuroplasticity in the amygdala has emerged as an important @entity3 mechanism. This study identifies a novel target and rescue strategy to control abnormally enhanced amygdala activity in an animal model of @entity0 . Specifically, an integrative approach of gene transfer, systems and brain slice electrophysiology, behavior, and immunohistochemistry was used to advance the novel concept that @entity5 receptor subtype 5-HT2C contributes critically to the imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory drive of amygdala output neurons. Local viral vector-mediated 5-HT2CR knockdown in the amygdala normalizes the imbalance, decreases neuronal activity, and inhibits neuropathic- @entity3 . The study provides valuable insight into @entity5 receptor (dys)function in a limbic brain area.

title: 5-HT2C Receptor Knockdown in the Amygdala Inhibits XXXX and Behaviors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) represents a readily available, non-invasive means of pacing the @entity2 or bradycardic heart in @entity0 , but benefits of @entity3 at higher heart rates are unclear. Our aim was to assess the maximum rate and sustainability of excitation by @entity3 vs. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the isolated heart under normal physiological conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Trains of local @entity3 or @entity4 at rates exceeding intrinsic sinus rhythm (overdrive pacing; lowest pacing rates 2.5  0.5   Hz) were applied to the same mid-left ventricular free-wall site on the epicardium of Langendorff-perfused @entity1 hearts. Stimulation rates were progressively increased, with a recovery period of normal sinus rhythm between each stimulation period. Trains of @entity3 caused repeated focal ventricular excitation from the site of stimulation. The maximum rate at which @entity3 achieved 1:1 capture was lower than during @entity4 (4.2  0.2 vs. 5.9  0.2   Hz, respectively). At all overdrive pacing rates for which repetitive @entity3 was possible, 1:1 capture was reversibly lost after a finite number of cycles, even though same-site capture by @entity4 remained possible. The number of @entity3 cycles until loss of capture decreased with rising stimulation rate. If interspersed with @entity4 , the number of @entity3 to failure of capture was lower than for @entity3 only. CONCLUSION: In this study, we demonstrate that the maximum pacing rate at which @entity3 can be sustained is lower than that for same-site @entity4 in isolated heart, and that, in contrast to @entity4 , the sustainability of successful 1:1 capture by @entity3 is limited. The mechanism(s) of differences in @entity3 vs. @entity4 pacing ability, potentially important for emergency heart rhythm management, are currently unknown, thus warranting further investigation.

title: Comparing maximum rate and sustainability of pacing by mechanical vs. @entity4 in the Langendorff-perfused XXXX heart.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) represents a readily available, non-invasive means of pacing the @entity2 or bradycardic heart in @entity0 , but benefits of @entity3 at higher heart rates are unclear. Our aim was to assess the maximum rate and sustainability of excitation by @entity3 vs. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the isolated heart under normal physiological conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Trains of local @entity3 or @entity4 at rates exceeding intrinsic sinus rhythm (overdrive pacing; lowest pacing rates 2.5  0.5   Hz) were applied to the same mid-left ventricular free-wall site on the epicardium of Langendorff-perfused @entity1 hearts. Stimulation rates were progressively increased, with a recovery period of normal sinus rhythm between each stimulation period. Trains of @entity3 caused repeated focal ventricular excitation from the site of stimulation. The maximum rate at which @entity3 achieved 1:1 capture was lower than during @entity4 (4.2  0.2 vs. 5.9  0.2   Hz, respectively). At all overdrive pacing rates for which repetitive @entity3 was possible, 1:1 capture was reversibly lost after a finite number of cycles, even though same-site capture by @entity4 remained possible. The number of @entity3 cycles until loss of capture decreased with rising stimulation rate. If interspersed with @entity4 , the number of @entity3 to failure of capture was lower than for @entity3 only. CONCLUSION: In this study, we demonstrate that the maximum pacing rate at which @entity3 can be sustained is lower than that for same-site @entity4 in isolated heart, and that, in contrast to @entity4 , the sustainability of successful 1:1 capture by @entity3 is limited. The mechanism(s) of differences in @entity3 vs. @entity4 pacing ability, potentially important for emergency heart rhythm management, are currently unknown, thus warranting further investigation.

title: Comparing maximum rate and sustainability of pacing by mechanical vs. XXXX in the Langendorff-perfused @entity1 heart.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Each phase of the @entity3 replication cycle can represent a therapy target. In fact, SIMEPREVIR (SMV) acts as @entity1 /4A protease inhibitor (PI); its efficacy is, however, reduced in HCV1a @entity0 characterized by NS3Q80K polymorphism. The aim of this work was to design a genotypic analysis of @entity1 protease in order to characterize viral quasispecies in @entity3 1a @entity0 before starting the SMV therapy. In all, 38 peripheral blood- @entity2 samples were collected from @entity0 infected with @entity3 1a (RNA > 10,000 cp/ml). The samples were sequenced in a region of 543 nucleotides, codifying for 181 @entity4 of the @entity1 protease with ABI PRISM 3130xl Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). Of the 38 samples, two showed the @entity6 mutation associated with resistance to SMV. In 16 samples mutations associated with a possible resistance to protease inhibitor, TELAPREVIR, were observed. Only one sample showed the @entity5 mutation, which is responsible for resistance to BOCEPREVIR, a protease inhibitor too. The data reported in this paper show a 5% prevalence of the @entity6 mutation in @entity3 1a @entity0 . So far, some differences in the percentage of the @entity6 mutations were observed within the European population, when compared with its US counterpart. The prevalence study described herein, albeit observed on a low number of samples, could challenge the recommendations reported in the technical data sheet of SMV.

title: Genotypic analysis of XXXX 1a by sequencing of the @entity1 proteasic region in simeprevir therapy candidates.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Each phase of the @entity3 replication cycle can represent a therapy target. In fact, SIMEPREVIR (SMV) acts as @entity1 /4A protease inhibitor (PI); its efficacy is, however, reduced in HCV1a @entity0 characterized by NS3Q80K polymorphism. The aim of this work was to design a genotypic analysis of @entity1 protease in order to characterize viral quasispecies in @entity3 1a @entity0 before starting the SMV therapy. In all, 38 peripheral blood- @entity2 samples were collected from @entity0 infected with @entity3 1a (RNA > 10,000 cp/ml). The samples were sequenced in a region of 543 nucleotides, codifying for 181 @entity4 of the @entity1 protease with ABI PRISM 3130xl Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). Of the 38 samples, two showed the @entity6 mutation associated with resistance to SMV. In 16 samples mutations associated with a possible resistance to protease inhibitor, TELAPREVIR, were observed. Only one sample showed the @entity5 mutation, which is responsible for resistance to BOCEPREVIR, a protease inhibitor too. The data reported in this paper show a 5% prevalence of the @entity6 mutation in @entity3 1a @entity0 . So far, some differences in the percentage of the @entity6 mutations were observed within the European population, when compared with its US counterpart. The prevalence study described herein, albeit observed on a low number of samples, could challenge the recommendations reported in the technical data sheet of SMV.

title: Genotypic analysis of @entity3 1a by sequencing of the XXXX proteasic region in simeprevir therapy candidates.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) treatment aims at long-term suppression of @entity2 replication and improvement in clinical outcomes. We describe the data of a pilot, non-profit study in which @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with de novo combination @entity7 - @entity9 (LAM-ADV) for at least four years with a view to @entity2 suppression and resistance prevention, and shifted to @entity6 (TDF) when new antiviral agents were available. Fifty-one @entity5 negative @entity0 were enrolled. Histology was available for 39 @entity0 and data of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for 24 @entity0 at baseline. Serum quantification of HBsAg and HBVDNA was obtained regularly during the follow-up. In 10 and 7 @entity0 , a paired histology and @entity3 were available at the end of LAM-ADV treatment, respectively. The de novo LAM-ADV combination was able to obtain HBVDNA suppression and ALT normalization in one year in most of the @entity0 and in the second year in the remaining. Histology improved in @entity0 with paired biopsy, but tissue HBsAg was present in all but one @entity0 after 48 months of therapy. TDF maintained biochemical and virological response throughout the follow-up. @entity1 during LAM-ADV therapy improved on shifting to TDF; only in 4 cases was a second shift to @entity8 needed. TDF was safe and effective in maintaining @entity2 DNA suppression achieved by a long-term course of LAM-ADV de novo combination for the treatment of @entity5 -negative @entity4 .

title: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate monotherapy maintains @entity2 suppression achieved by a "de novo" combination of @entity7 - XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) treatment aims at long-term suppression of @entity2 replication and improvement in clinical outcomes. We describe the data of a pilot, non-profit study in which @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with de novo combination @entity7 - @entity9 (LAM-ADV) for at least four years with a view to @entity2 suppression and resistance prevention, and shifted to @entity6 (TDF) when new antiviral agents were available. Fifty-one @entity5 negative @entity0 were enrolled. Histology was available for 39 @entity0 and data of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for 24 @entity0 at baseline. Serum quantification of HBsAg and HBVDNA was obtained regularly during the follow-up. In 10 and 7 @entity0 , a paired histology and @entity3 were available at the end of LAM-ADV treatment, respectively. The de novo LAM-ADV combination was able to obtain HBVDNA suppression and ALT normalization in one year in most of the @entity0 and in the second year in the remaining. Histology improved in @entity0 with paired biopsy, but tissue HBsAg was present in all but one @entity0 after 48 months of therapy. TDF maintained biochemical and virological response throughout the follow-up. @entity1 during LAM-ADV therapy improved on shifting to TDF; only in 4 cases was a second shift to @entity8 needed. TDF was safe and effective in maintaining @entity2 DNA suppression achieved by a long-term course of LAM-ADV de novo combination for the treatment of @entity5 -negative @entity4 .

title: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate monotherapy maintains XXXX suppression achieved by a "de novo" combination of @entity7 - @entity9 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) treatment aims at long-term suppression of @entity2 replication and improvement in clinical outcomes. We describe the data of a pilot, non-profit study in which @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with de novo combination @entity7 - @entity9 (LAM-ADV) for at least four years with a view to @entity2 suppression and resistance prevention, and shifted to @entity6 (TDF) when new antiviral agents were available. Fifty-one @entity5 negative @entity0 were enrolled. Histology was available for 39 @entity0 and data of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for 24 @entity0 at baseline. Serum quantification of HBsAg and HBVDNA was obtained regularly during the follow-up. In 10 and 7 @entity0 , a paired histology and @entity3 were available at the end of LAM-ADV treatment, respectively. The de novo LAM-ADV combination was able to obtain HBVDNA suppression and ALT normalization in one year in most of the @entity0 and in the second year in the remaining. Histology improved in @entity0 with paired biopsy, but tissue HBsAg was present in all but one @entity0 after 48 months of therapy. TDF maintained biochemical and virological response throughout the follow-up. @entity1 during LAM-ADV therapy improved on shifting to TDF; only in 4 cases was a second shift to @entity8 needed. TDF was safe and effective in maintaining @entity2 DNA suppression achieved by a long-term course of LAM-ADV de novo combination for the treatment of @entity5 -negative @entity4 .

title: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate monotherapy maintains @entity2 suppression achieved by a "de novo" combination of XXXX - @entity9 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most @entity3 and its optimal management remains controversial. However, there is a current trend towards non-surgical management. We aimed to determine the effects of the non-surgical management in @entity0 with unilateral @entity4 . For a systematic review, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, clinical trials registries, and selected conference proceedings for eligible studies. Any type of study reporting the outcomes renal function, secondary surgical intervention, drainage pattern or @entity2 of non-surgical management in @entity0 with unilateral @entity4 was included. Data from 20 studies were extracted and evaluated by two independent authors. The pooled prevalence was 21% for @entity1 , 27.9% for secondary surgical intervention, 3.2% for progressive @entity2 , and 82.2% for improved drainage pattern. Not all @entity0 with surgical intervention regained split renal function from enrolment. Renal imaging methods did not strongly correlate with each other. Many studies had to be excluded because of a lack of detection of an obstruction or mixed populations with bilateral @entity4 or other uropathies. The variable definitions of @entity4 , different criteria for surgical intervention, incongruity of management protocols, and the imprecise reporting of outcomes were limiting factors in the comparability of the results, leading to heterogeneity in meta-analyses. Although the available evidence cannot recommend or refute the current non-surgical management, the systematic review clarifies aspects of the ongoing controversy by providing realistic estimates for non-surgical management in @entity0 with unilateral @entity4 . Additionally, it reveals unclear potential risks, particularly for long-term outcomes, which were rarely reported.

title: Primary non-surgical management of unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction in XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: SCOPE: We have investigated the potential use of b-conglutin protein isoforms from narrow-leafed @entity9 (Lupinus angustifolius L.) as a @entity1 treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: We produced purified recombinant b1-, b2-, b3-, b4-, and b6-conglutin proteins and showed that @entity10 could bind to insulin. To assess b-conglutin proteins modulatory effect on insulin-activation meditated kinases, whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and healthy control subjects (C) were incubated with conglutin proteins. Treatment of PBMCs from @entity4 @entity0 with b1, b3, and b6 proteins increased up to 3-folds mRNA and protein levels of genes important in insulin signalling pathways, namely @entity7 / @entity6 / @entity2 / @entity5 . This was accompanied by a comparable fold-change decrease in the mRNA expression level of pro-inflammatory genes ( @entity8 and @entity3 ) and proteins compared to healthy controls. The b2 and b4 isoforms had no effect on the insulin signalling pathway. However, these b-conglutin proteins elicited pro-inflammatory effects since levels of mRNA and proteins of @entity8 and @entity3 were increased. CONCLUSION: Our results raise the possibility of using these particular b-conglutin proteins in the prevention and treatment of @entity1 , as well as their potential as anti-inflammatory molecules. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: arrow-leafed lu @entity9 Lupinus angustifolius L.) b-conglutin proteins modulate the insulin signalling pathway as potential type 2 di XXXX reatment and inflammatory-related disease amelioration.

answer: @entity1


abstract: SCOPE: We have investigated the potential use of b-conglutin protein isoforms from narrow-leafed @entity9 (Lupinus angustifolius L.) as a @entity1 treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: We produced purified recombinant b1-, b2-, b3-, b4-, and b6-conglutin proteins and showed that @entity10 could bind to insulin. To assess b-conglutin proteins modulatory effect on insulin-activation meditated kinases, whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and healthy control subjects (C) were incubated with conglutin proteins. Treatment of PBMCs from @entity4 @entity0 with b1, b3, and b6 proteins increased up to 3-folds mRNA and protein levels of genes important in insulin signalling pathways, namely @entity7 / @entity6 / @entity2 / @entity5 . This was accompanied by a comparable fold-change decrease in the mRNA expression level of pro-inflammatory genes ( @entity8 and @entity3 ) and proteins compared to healthy controls. The b2 and b4 isoforms had no effect on the insulin signalling pathway. However, these b-conglutin proteins elicited pro-inflammatory effects since levels of mRNA and proteins of @entity8 and @entity3 were increased. CONCLUSION: Our results raise the possibility of using these particular b-conglutin proteins in the prevention and treatment of @entity1 , as well as their potential as anti-inflammatory molecules. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: arrow-leafed lu XXXX Lupinus angustifolius L.) b-conglutin proteins modulate the insulin signalling pathway as potential type 2 di @entity1 reatment and inflammatory-related disease amelioration.

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Seventy-kilodalton heat shock proteins ( @entity3 s) are molecular chaperones essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Apart from their indispensable roles in protein homeostasis, specific @entity3 s localize at the plasma membrane and bind to specific lipids. The interaction of @entity3 s with lipids has direct physiological outcomes including lysosomal rescue, microautophagy, and promotion of cell apoptosis. Despite these essential functions, the @entity3 -lipid interactions remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we characterized the interaction of @entity2 , an inducible @entity3 , with five phospholipids. We first used high concentrations of @entity1 and established that @entity2 embeds in membranes when bound to all anionic lipids tested. Furthermore, we found that protein insertion is enhanced by increasing the saturation level of the lipids. Next, we determined that the @entity4 -binding domain (NBD) of the protein binds to lipids quantitatively more than the substrate-binding domain (SBD). However, for all lipids tested, the full-length protein is necessary for embedding. We also used @entity0 and reaction buffers equilibrated at different pH values and determined that electrostatic interactions alone may not fully explain the association of @entity2 with lipids. We then determined that lipid binding is inhibited by @entity4 -binding, but it is unaffected by protein-substrate binding. These results suggest that the @entity2 lipid-association is specific, depends on the physicochemical properties of the lipid, and is mediated by multiple molecular forces. These mechanistic details of the @entity3 -lipid interactions establish a framework of possible physiological functions as they relate to chaperone regulation and localization.

title: Biochemical characterization of the interaction between XXXX and phospholipids.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate the degree of @entity1 experienced by the @entity0 receiving transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) of the prostate by applying a visual analog scale. We also identified the clinical parameters influencing @entity1 during the TRUS examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records were obtained from a prospective database for male @entity0 who received TRUS of prostate in the outpatient department of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, from January 2014 to June 2014. The @entity0 underwent a detailed physical examination and medical history review. Immediately after the TRUS examination, the @entity0 completed questionnaires based on a ten-point visual analog @entity1 scale. The variables of interest were age, body mass index, prostate volume, prostate sagittal length, @entity3 , previous TRUS experience, external @entity4 , anal surgical history, @entity2 , and image artifact caused by stool in the rectum. All variables were correlated to the visual analog scale by applying multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS: By using linear regression analysis, we identified the independent factors that affected the @entity1 score during the TRUS examination. The @entity0 who received the examination for the first time or had longer prostate sagittal lengths, external @entity4 , anal surgical history, or stool stored in the rectum experienced more @entity1 during the TRUS examination. Furthermore, the @entity1 was reduced when we provided the @entity0 with a detailed explanation before the procedure and allowed them to observe the real-time images during the examination. CONCLUSION: Although a TRUS examination is uncomfortable for @entity0 , after having identified the factors affecting @entity1 , physicians can assist @entity0 in reducing @entity1 during the procedure, thus providing higher quality examinations.

title: Identifying the variables associated with XXXX during transrectal ultrasonography of the prostate.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity8 is the most common @entity1 of the gastrointestinal tract, occurring in 1-3% of the general population. The most common complication of @entity8 is @entity5 . In this report, we describe a rare cause of @entity5 due to Meckel's; the phytobezoar. After thorough literature review, the authors found about ten individual reports of the same topic. In all these cases, diagnosis was established intra-operatively. CASE PRESENTATION: A forty-seven-year old male presented to the emergency department with a one-day history of @entity3 associated with @entity2 and @entity4 . Physical examination diagnostic tests revealed features of @entity5 . DISCUSSION: The lifetime risk of complications in @entity0 with a Meckel'sdiverticulum is usually small and occurs only in up to 4%. In adults' @entity5 is the most common complication (40%). CONCLUSION: Complicated @entity8 can have different clinical presentations and can cause @entity6 . An association with @entity7 is possible and it should be suspected in adult @entity0 presenting with @entity6 of unknown causes especially those with high vegetarian diet.

title: Phytobezoar impaction in a @entity8 ; a rare cause of XXXX : Case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity8 is the most common @entity1 of the gastrointestinal tract, occurring in 1-3% of the general population. The most common complication of @entity8 is @entity5 . In this report, we describe a rare cause of @entity5 due to Meckel's; the phytobezoar. After thorough literature review, the authors found about ten individual reports of the same topic. In all these cases, diagnosis was established intra-operatively. CASE PRESENTATION: A forty-seven-year old male presented to the emergency department with a one-day history of @entity3 associated with @entity2 and @entity4 . Physical examination diagnostic tests revealed features of @entity5 . DISCUSSION: The lifetime risk of complications in @entity0 with a Meckel'sdiverticulum is usually small and occurs only in up to 4%. In adults' @entity5 is the most common complication (40%). CONCLUSION: Complicated @entity8 can have different clinical presentations and can cause @entity6 . An association with @entity7 is possible and it should be suspected in adult @entity0 presenting with @entity6 of unknown causes especially those with high vegetarian diet.

title: Phytobezoar impaction in a XXXX ; a rare cause of @entity6 : Case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal follow-up strategy for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 after first-line therapy is unclear. The goal of this study is to determine the utility of planned brain surveillance imaging in the detection of relapse in a retrospective cohort of @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: @entity0 were consecutive @entity2 cases treated in Leon @entity1 Centre, Lyon, France, from 1985 to 2011. Histology was diffuse large @entity4 in 94%. @entity0 were treated by @entity3 (92%) and @entity5 (63%) based-chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy for 108 @entity0 (51%). Clinical records were reviewed for details at relapse and relationship to planned imaging. The imaging follow-up strategy was performed according to each treating physicians. RESULTS: Among 209 @entity2 @entity0 , 127 complete response @entity0 entered in post-treatment observation and 63 (50%) subsequently relapsed. Among the 125 evaluable @entity0 , the majority of relapses (N  =  49, 80%) was asymptomatic and identified before the planned brain imaging. Surveillance imaging detected relapses before symptoms in 12 @entity0 who entered in post-therapy observation (10%). The median number of brain imaging during the follow-up was 7 (0-13). A total of 819 MRI/CT-scan were performed leading to the detection of 12 asymptomatic relapses. The one year OS rates were 41% and 58% for symptomatic and non-symptomatic relapses, respectively (P  =  0.21). CONCLUSION: The majority of @entity2 relapses occurred outside planned follow-up with no difference in @entity0 outcome between symptomatic and asymptomatic relapses. The role of brain imaging for the detection of relapses in the follow-up of @entity2 @entity0 remains to be clarified.

title: Utility of post-therapy brain surveillance imaging in the detection of XXXX relapse.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Selective @entity8 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed treatments for @entity4 and, as a class of drugs, are among the most used medications in the world. Concern regarding possible effects of SSRI treatment on fetal development has arisen recently as studies have suggested a link between maternal SSRI use and an increase in @entity6 such as persistent pulmonary @entity2 , @entity5 and @entity1 . Furthermore, SSRI exposure in adults is associated with decreased bone mineral density and increased @entity3 risk, and @entity8 receptors are expressed in @entity0 osteoblasts and osteoclasts. To determine possible effects of @entity16 exposure on developing bone, we treated both @entity12 , during embryonic development, and @entity0 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), during differentiation into osteoblasts, with the two most prescribed SSRIs, @entity9 and @entity13 . SSRI treatment in @entity12 decreased bone mineralization, visualized by @entity7 staining and decreased the expression of mature osteoblast-specific markers during embryogenesis. Furthermore, we showed that this inhibition was not associated with increased apoptosis. In differentiating @entity0 MSCs, we observed a decrease in osteoblast activity that was associated with a decrease in expression of the osteoblast-specific genes @entity14 , @entity15 and @entity11 , measured with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Similar to the developing @entity12 , no increase in expression of the apoptotic marker Caspase 3 was observed. Therefore, we propose that SSRIs inhibit bone development by affecting osteoblast maturation during embryonic development and MSC differentiation. These results highlight the need to further investigate the risks of SSRI use during pregnancy in exposing unborn babies to @entity10 .

title: XXXX and @entity13 exposure compromises embryonic bone development.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Selective @entity8 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed treatments for @entity4 and, as a class of drugs, are among the most used medications in the world. Concern regarding possible effects of SSRI treatment on fetal development has arisen recently as studies have suggested a link between maternal SSRI use and an increase in @entity6 such as persistent pulmonary @entity2 , @entity5 and @entity1 . Furthermore, SSRI exposure in adults is associated with decreased bone mineral density and increased @entity3 risk, and @entity8 receptors are expressed in @entity0 osteoblasts and osteoclasts. To determine possible effects of @entity16 exposure on developing bone, we treated both @entity12 , during embryonic development, and @entity0 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), during differentiation into osteoblasts, with the two most prescribed SSRIs, @entity9 and @entity13 . SSRI treatment in @entity12 decreased bone mineralization, visualized by @entity7 staining and decreased the expression of mature osteoblast-specific markers during embryogenesis. Furthermore, we showed that this inhibition was not associated with increased apoptosis. In differentiating @entity0 MSCs, we observed a decrease in osteoblast activity that was associated with a decrease in expression of the osteoblast-specific genes @entity14 , @entity15 and @entity11 , measured with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Similar to the developing @entity12 , no increase in expression of the apoptotic marker Caspase 3 was observed. Therefore, we propose that SSRIs inhibit bone development by affecting osteoblast maturation during embryonic development and MSC differentiation. These results highlight the need to further investigate the risks of SSRI use during pregnancy in exposing unborn babies to @entity10 .

title: @entity9 and XXXX exposure compromises embryonic bone development.

answer: @entity13


abstract: AIMS: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) comprises a heterogeneous group of monogenic forms of @entity1 caused by mutations in at least 14 genes, but mostly by mutations in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). This study aims to establish a national registry of @entity3 cases in Brazilian @entity0 , assessing published and unpublished data. METHODS: 311 @entity0 with clinical characteristics of @entity3 were analyzed, with unpublished data on 298 individuals described in 12 previous publications and 13 newly described cases in this report. RESULTS: 72 individuals had @entity6 mutations, 9 described in Brazilian individuals for the first time. One previously unpublished novel @entity6 mutation, @entity7 , was found in one family. 31 individuals had @entity4 mutations, 2 described for the first time in Brazilian individuals. Comparisons of @entity6 probands vs @entity4 : age 16  11 vs 35  20years; age at diagnosis 11  8 vs 21  7years; BMI 19  6 vs 25  6kg/m(2); @entity5 users 5 vs 83%; insulin users 5 vs 17%; presence of arterial @entity2 0 vs. 33%, all p<0.05. No differences were observed in lipids and C-peptide. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity3 cases in Brazil are due to @entity6 mutations. In agreement with other studied populations, novel mutations are common. Only 14% of @entity0 with @entity1 carry a @entity4 mutation. Diagnosis of other rare forms of @entity3 is still a challenge in Brazilian population, as well as adequate strategies to screen individuals for molecular diagnosis.

title: @entity3 ( XXXX ) in Brazil: Establishment of a national registry and appraisal of available genetic and clinical data.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) comprises a heterogeneous group of monogenic forms of @entity1 caused by mutations in at least 14 genes, but mostly by mutations in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). This study aims to establish a national registry of @entity3 cases in Brazilian @entity0 , assessing published and unpublished data. METHODS: 311 @entity0 with clinical characteristics of @entity3 were analyzed, with unpublished data on 298 individuals described in 12 previous publications and 13 newly described cases in this report. RESULTS: 72 individuals had @entity6 mutations, 9 described in Brazilian individuals for the first time. One previously unpublished novel @entity6 mutation, @entity7 , was found in one family. 31 individuals had @entity4 mutations, 2 described for the first time in Brazilian individuals. Comparisons of @entity6 probands vs @entity4 : age 16  11 vs 35  20years; age at diagnosis 11  8 vs 21  7years; BMI 19  6 vs 25  6kg/m(2); @entity5 users 5 vs 83%; insulin users 5 vs 17%; presence of arterial @entity2 0 vs. 33%, all p<0.05. No differences were observed in lipids and C-peptide. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity3 cases in Brazil are due to @entity6 mutations. In agreement with other studied populations, novel mutations are common. Only 14% of @entity0 with @entity1 carry a @entity4 mutation. Diagnosis of other rare forms of @entity3 is still a challenge in Brazilian population, as well as adequate strategies to screen individuals for molecular diagnosis.

title: XXXX ( @entity3 ) in Brazil: Establishment of a national registry and appraisal of available genetic and clinical data.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 are common in @entity0 with @entity3 , and adversely affect the clinical outcome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of @entity6 to reduce moderate or severe @entity5 and improve emotional and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: This was a placebo controlled, double-blind trial done at 17 centres in South Korea. @entity0 who had had an @entity3 within the past 21 days were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral @entity6 (10 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Randomisation was done with permuted blocks stratified by centre, via a web-based system. The primary endpoint was the frequency of moderate or severe @entity5 (Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] >= 16). Endpoints were assessed at 3 months after randomisation in the full analysis set ( @entity0 who took study medication and underwent assessment of primary endpoint after randomisation), in all @entity0 who were enrolled and randomly assigned (intention to treat), and in all @entity0 who completed the trial (per-protocol analysis). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01278498. FINDINGS: Between Jan 27, 2011, and June 30, 2014, 478 @entity0 were assigned to placebo (n=237) or @entity6 (n=241); 405 were included in the full analysis set (195 in the placebo group, 210 in the @entity6 group). The primary outcome did not differ by study group in the full analysis set (25 [13%] @entity0 in the placebo group vs 27 [13%] in the @entity6 group; odds ratio [OR] 1  00, 95% CI 0  56-1  80; p>0  99) or in the intention-to-treat analysis (34 [14%] vs 35 [15%]; OR 1  01, 95% CI 0  61-1  69, p=0  96). The study medication was generally well tolerated; the most common adverse events were @entity8 (14 [6%] @entity0 who received placebo vs 14 [6%] who received @entity6 ), @entity7 (16 [7%] vs ten [4%]), and @entity1 (12 [5%] vs 12 [5%]). @entity4 was more common in the @entity6 group (nine [4%] @entity0 ) than in the placebo group (two [1%] @entity0 ). INTERPRETATION: @entity6 did not significantly reduce moderate or severe @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 . FUNDING: Dong-A Pharmaceutical and Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs, South Korea.

title: Efficacy of early administration of @entity6 on @entity5 and @entity2 after XXXX : a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 are common in @entity0 with @entity3 , and adversely affect the clinical outcome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of @entity6 to reduce moderate or severe @entity5 and improve emotional and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: This was a placebo controlled, double-blind trial done at 17 centres in South Korea. @entity0 who had had an @entity3 within the past 21 days were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral @entity6 (10 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Randomisation was done with permuted blocks stratified by centre, via a web-based system. The primary endpoint was the frequency of moderate or severe @entity5 (Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] >= 16). Endpoints were assessed at 3 months after randomisation in the full analysis set ( @entity0 who took study medication and underwent assessment of primary endpoint after randomisation), in all @entity0 who were enrolled and randomly assigned (intention to treat), and in all @entity0 who completed the trial (per-protocol analysis). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01278498. FINDINGS: Between Jan 27, 2011, and June 30, 2014, 478 @entity0 were assigned to placebo (n=237) or @entity6 (n=241); 405 were included in the full analysis set (195 in the placebo group, 210 in the @entity6 group). The primary outcome did not differ by study group in the full analysis set (25 [13%] @entity0 in the placebo group vs 27 [13%] in the @entity6 group; odds ratio [OR] 1  00, 95% CI 0  56-1  80; p>0  99) or in the intention-to-treat analysis (34 [14%] vs 35 [15%]; OR 1  01, 95% CI 0  61-1  69, p=0  96). The study medication was generally well tolerated; the most common adverse events were @entity8 (14 [6%] @entity0 who received placebo vs 14 [6%] who received @entity6 ), @entity7 (16 [7%] vs ten [4%]), and @entity1 (12 [5%] vs 12 [5%]). @entity4 was more common in the @entity6 group (nine [4%] @entity0 ) than in the placebo group (two [1%] @entity0 ). INTERPRETATION: @entity6 did not significantly reduce moderate or severe @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 . FUNDING: Dong-A Pharmaceutical and Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs, South Korea.

title: Efficacy of early administration of XXXX on @entity5 and @entity2 after @entity3 : a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 are common in @entity0 with @entity3 , and adversely affect the clinical outcome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of @entity6 to reduce moderate or severe @entity5 and improve emotional and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: This was a placebo controlled, double-blind trial done at 17 centres in South Korea. @entity0 who had had an @entity3 within the past 21 days were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral @entity6 (10 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Randomisation was done with permuted blocks stratified by centre, via a web-based system. The primary endpoint was the frequency of moderate or severe @entity5 (Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] >= 16). Endpoints were assessed at 3 months after randomisation in the full analysis set ( @entity0 who took study medication and underwent assessment of primary endpoint after randomisation), in all @entity0 who were enrolled and randomly assigned (intention to treat), and in all @entity0 who completed the trial (per-protocol analysis). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01278498. FINDINGS: Between Jan 27, 2011, and June 30, 2014, 478 @entity0 were assigned to placebo (n=237) or @entity6 (n=241); 405 were included in the full analysis set (195 in the placebo group, 210 in the @entity6 group). The primary outcome did not differ by study group in the full analysis set (25 [13%] @entity0 in the placebo group vs 27 [13%] in the @entity6 group; odds ratio [OR] 1  00, 95% CI 0  56-1  80; p>0  99) or in the intention-to-treat analysis (34 [14%] vs 35 [15%]; OR 1  01, 95% CI 0  61-1  69, p=0  96). The study medication was generally well tolerated; the most common adverse events were @entity8 (14 [6%] @entity0 who received placebo vs 14 [6%] who received @entity6 ), @entity7 (16 [7%] vs ten [4%]), and @entity1 (12 [5%] vs 12 [5%]). @entity4 was more common in the @entity6 group (nine [4%] @entity0 ) than in the placebo group (two [1%] @entity0 ). INTERPRETATION: @entity6 did not significantly reduce moderate or severe @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 . FUNDING: Dong-A Pharmaceutical and Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs, South Korea.

title: Efficacy of early administration of @entity6 on XXXX and @entity2 after @entity3 : a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 are common in @entity0 with @entity3 , and adversely affect the clinical outcome. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of early administration of @entity6 to reduce moderate or severe @entity5 and improve emotional and @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: This was a placebo controlled, double-blind trial done at 17 centres in South Korea. @entity0 who had had an @entity3 within the past 21 days were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral @entity6 (10 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months. Randomisation was done with permuted blocks stratified by centre, via a web-based system. The primary endpoint was the frequency of moderate or severe @entity5 (Montgomery-  sberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] >= 16). Endpoints were assessed at 3 months after randomisation in the full analysis set ( @entity0 who took study medication and underwent assessment of primary endpoint after randomisation), in all @entity0 who were enrolled and randomly assigned (intention to treat), and in all @entity0 who completed the trial (per-protocol analysis). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01278498. FINDINGS: Between Jan 27, 2011, and June 30, 2014, 478 @entity0 were assigned to placebo (n=237) or @entity6 (n=241); 405 were included in the full analysis set (195 in the placebo group, 210 in the @entity6 group). The primary outcome did not differ by study group in the full analysis set (25 [13%] @entity0 in the placebo group vs 27 [13%] in the @entity6 group; odds ratio [OR] 1  00, 95% CI 0  56-1  80; p>0  99) or in the intention-to-treat analysis (34 [14%] vs 35 [15%]; OR 1  01, 95% CI 0  61-1  69, p=0  96). The study medication was generally well tolerated; the most common adverse events were @entity8 (14 [6%] @entity0 who received placebo vs 14 [6%] who received @entity6 ), @entity7 (16 [7%] vs ten [4%]), and @entity1 (12 [5%] vs 12 [5%]). @entity4 was more common in the @entity6 group (nine [4%] @entity0 ) than in the placebo group (two [1%] @entity0 ). INTERPRETATION: @entity6 did not significantly reduce moderate or severe @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 . FUNDING: Dong-A Pharmaceutical and Ministry for Health, Welfare, and Family Affairs, South Korea.

title: Efficacy of early administration of @entity6 on @entity5 and XXXX after @entity3 : a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of trisomies 18 and 13 in Europe and the prevalence of associated anomalies. Twenty-five population-based registries in 16 European countries provided data from 2000-2011. Cases included live births, fetal @entity1 (20+ weeks' gestation), and terminations of pregnancy for @entity5 (TOPFAs). The prevalence of associated anomalies was reported in live births. The prevalence of @entity8 were 4.8 (95%CI: 4.7-5.0) and 1.9 (95%CI: 1.8-2.0) per 10,000 total births. Seventy three percent of cases with @entity8 resulted in a TOPFA. Amongst 468 live born babies with trisomy 18, 80% (76-83%) had a @entity2 , 21% (17-25%) had a @entity6 , 8% (6-11%) had @entity4 and 10% (8-13%) had an @entity9 . Amongst 240 Live born babies with trisomy 13, 57% (51-64%) had a @entity2 , 39% (33-46%) had a @entity6 , 30% (24-36%) had @entity3 , 44% (37-50%) had @entity7 and 45% (39-52%) had an @entity9 . For babies with trisomy 18 @entity0 were less likely to have a @entity2 compared with @entity0 (OR   =   0.48 (0.30-0.77) and with trisomy 13 were less likely to have a @entity6 [OR   =   0.46 (0.27-0.77)]. Babies with @entity8 do have a high proportion of associated anomalies with the distribution of anomalies being different in @entity0 and @entity0 .

title: Congenital anomalies associated with XXXX : A registry-based study in 16 European countries, 2000-2011.

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 is a common sequela after myringotomy with tube placement (MTP). The purpose of this study was to identify any significant relationship between passive @entity1 exposure and the development of post-tympanostomy tube @entity3 . METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed on 774 cases of @entity0 who underwent MTP by a single surgeon at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 2012 to 2014. @entity0 with multiple medical comorbidities, @entity2 , syndromes and those over 12 years of age were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine if there was a relationship between risk factors (including @entity1 exposure, age, pre-operative diagnosis, operative findings and duration of follow-up) and the development of post-tympanostomy tube @entity3 . RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-one @entity0 (average age of 1.92 years) were included. Overall, 16.8% of @entity0 (32/191) had exposure to @entity1 smoke. Of @entity0 with passive smoke exposure, 65.6% (21/32) developed @entity3 , as compared to 45.3% (72/159) of those without @entity1 exposure. Passive exposure to @entity1 smoke by (OR  =  2.307; p  =  0.009; 95% CI, 1.734-6.028) and younger age (p  =  0.012; 95% CI, 0.602-0.938) were associated with increased risk for @entity3 . DISCUSSION: This study suggests that in a cohort of @entity0 undergoing MTP, passive exposure to @entity1 smoke significantly increases the risk of developing post-operative @entity3 . This information is valuable to include in parental preoperative counseling regarding tympanostomy tube placement.

title: The impact of @entity1 exposure on development of XXXX after myringotomy tube placement.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 is a common sequela after myringotomy with tube placement (MTP). The purpose of this study was to identify any significant relationship between passive @entity1 exposure and the development of post-tympanostomy tube @entity3 . METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed on 774 cases of @entity0 who underwent MTP by a single surgeon at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 2012 to 2014. @entity0 with multiple medical comorbidities, @entity2 , syndromes and those over 12 years of age were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine if there was a relationship between risk factors (including @entity1 exposure, age, pre-operative diagnosis, operative findings and duration of follow-up) and the development of post-tympanostomy tube @entity3 . RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-one @entity0 (average age of 1.92 years) were included. Overall, 16.8% of @entity0 (32/191) had exposure to @entity1 smoke. Of @entity0 with passive smoke exposure, 65.6% (21/32) developed @entity3 , as compared to 45.3% (72/159) of those without @entity1 exposure. Passive exposure to @entity1 smoke by (OR  =  2.307; p  =  0.009; 95% CI, 1.734-6.028) and younger age (p  =  0.012; 95% CI, 0.602-0.938) were associated with increased risk for @entity3 . DISCUSSION: This study suggests that in a cohort of @entity0 undergoing MTP, passive exposure to @entity1 smoke significantly increases the risk of developing post-operative @entity3 . This information is valuable to include in parental preoperative counseling regarding tympanostomy tube placement.

title: The impact of XXXX exposure on development of @entity3 after myringotomy tube placement.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity3 ( @entity4 ) is standard treatment for @entity1 . Randomized clinical trials in Europe have used 1 cycle @entity4 , while North American studies use 2 cycles. We compared treatment outcomes between @entity0 treated with either 1 or 2 cycles of concurrent @entity4 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: 217 consecutive @entity0 were treated definitively with chemoradiation from 2004 to 2012 in an integrated health system. Concurrent chemotherapy regimen depended on individual practice, and consisted of 2 cycles @entity6 (1000 mg/m(2)/day on days 1-4 and 29-32), along with @entity4 (10-15 mg/m(2)), given on either day 1 alone (n = 154), or days 1 and 29 (n = 63). Outcomes included progression-free (PFS), @entity1 (CSS), overall ( @entity7 ), and @entity5 ( @entity5 ), as well as @entity2 criteria. RESULTS: Median age 60 years, 70% female, 52% T3-T4, and 40% node-positive. Median follow-up 26 months. At 2 years, outcomes were: PFS 80%, CSS 89%, @entity7 86%, and @entity5 88%. There was no difference in PFS (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.37-1.92), CSS (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.07-1.42), @entity7 (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.25-1.83), or @entity5 (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.31-2.67) between the MMC1 and MMC2 groups. Stage and male gender were predictive of worse outcomes. Acute grade     2 @entity2 were worse in the MMC2 group. There were 3 treatment-related deaths, all in the MMC2 group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that MMC1 is efficacious and may be an alternative to MMC2 in @entity0 with @entity1 treated with definitive chemoradiation, with the potential for less acute treatment-related @entity2 . Randomized trials comparing these two regimens could be considered.

title: Chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal: Comparison of one versus two cycles XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: An in vitro ultrasonographic study was carried out to four @entity2 membranes of different thicknesses and on four normal surgical specimens from the rectal wall, to assess its various layers and their anatomical structure. Three different techniques were used, and an electronic equipment measured the thickness of the membranes and of the surgical specimens. @entity2 membranes less than 1000 microns thick gave linear echoes; the 1000-microns-thick membrane gave a three-layer image--two hyperechogenic layers separated by a hypoechogenic one. The rectal wall was @entity4 (in the extraperitoneal rectum); their thickness ranged from 900 to 1000 microns and from 1500 to 8000 microns, respectively. Even though the @entity4 propria each gave a three-layer ultrasonographic image ( @entity3 ), the resulting image of the entire rectal wall was of five layers ( @entity3 ). Transrectal scan carried out on 20 control @entity0 confirmed the results obtained in vitro, even though at times it was difficult to detect clearly the fifth layer. Interpretation of the five layers was as follows: the second and fourth corresponded to the @entity4 , respectively; the first, third, and fifth were considered to reflect interfaces originating from different acoustic impedance structures. The fourth layer was always thicker than the second one. There was no difference between intra- and extra-peritoneal images. A further study carried out on nine @entity0 with @entity1 by transrectal ultrasonography proved the reliability of this method in assessing the cancer infiltration of the wall and its importance in the preoperative staging of @entity1 .

title: Transrectal ultrasonography: interpretation of normal intestinal wall structure for the preoperative staging of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7031 Background: We assessed SNPs in five DNA repair genes belonging to three of the major DNA repair pathways: @entity10 @entity11 , @entity12 @entity14 , @entity4 @entity13 , @entity4 @entity9 , @entity7 @entity6 , and @entity5 @entity16 and correlated the results with outcome in @entity8 /cis-treated @entity2 p. METHODS: 135 stage IV @entity2 p were included from August 2001 to July 2002. TaqMan 5' nuclease assay was used to examine SNPs from baseline peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: p characteristics: median age: 61; 92% male; PS 0: 28.1%, 1: 71.9%; @entity0 : 46.7%. Overall outcome: response rate (RR) 43%; @entity1 ( @entity1 ) 6.78 months (m); @entity3 ( @entity3 ) 10.9 m. See table for distribution of genotypes. @entity1 was 6.78 m for p with @entity4 @entity15 , 7.57m for @entity9 , and 5.3 m for @entity17 (P=0.03). In 41 p with lung metastases, @entity1 was 6 m for p with @entity5 C/C, 8.4 m for C/A, and 5.3 for A/A (P=0.03). @entity1 was 11.3 m for 23 p with both @entity4 @entity9 and @entity5 C/A, as compared to 6.6 m for 112 remaining p (P=0.006). A similar tendency was observed for @entity3 (P=ns). No other significant differences according to genotype were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygosity for both @entity4 751 and @entity5 may be a predictive marker of chemosensitivity. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Combined DNA repair gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gemcitabine ( @entity8 )/cisplatin (cis)-treated XXXX ( @entity2 ) patients (p).

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7031 Background: We assessed SNPs in five DNA repair genes belonging to three of the major DNA repair pathways: @entity10 @entity11 , @entity12 @entity14 , @entity4 @entity13 , @entity4 @entity9 , @entity7 @entity6 , and @entity5 @entity16 and correlated the results with outcome in @entity8 /cis-treated @entity2 p. METHODS: 135 stage IV @entity2 p were included from August 2001 to July 2002. TaqMan 5' nuclease assay was used to examine SNPs from baseline peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: p characteristics: median age: 61; 92% male; PS 0: 28.1%, 1: 71.9%; @entity0 : 46.7%. Overall outcome: response rate (RR) 43%; @entity1 ( @entity1 ) 6.78 months (m); @entity3 ( @entity3 ) 10.9 m. See table for distribution of genotypes. @entity1 was 6.78 m for p with @entity4 @entity15 , 7.57m for @entity9 , and 5.3 m for @entity17 (P=0.03). In 41 p with lung metastases, @entity1 was 6 m for p with @entity5 C/C, 8.4 m for C/A, and 5.3 for A/A (P=0.03). @entity1 was 11.3 m for 23 p with both @entity4 @entity9 and @entity5 C/A, as compared to 6.6 m for 112 remaining p (P=0.006). A similar tendency was observed for @entity3 (P=ns). No other significant differences according to genotype were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygosity for both @entity4 751 and @entity5 may be a predictive marker of chemosensitivity. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Combined DNA repair gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gemcitabine ( @entity8 )/cisplatin (cis)-treated @entity2 ( XXXX ) patients (p).

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7031 Background: We assessed SNPs in five DNA repair genes belonging to three of the major DNA repair pathways: @entity10 @entity11 , @entity12 @entity14 , @entity4 @entity13 , @entity4 @entity9 , @entity7 @entity6 , and @entity5 @entity16 and correlated the results with outcome in @entity8 /cis-treated @entity2 p. METHODS: 135 stage IV @entity2 p were included from August 2001 to July 2002. TaqMan 5' nuclease assay was used to examine SNPs from baseline peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: p characteristics: median age: 61; 92% male; PS 0: 28.1%, 1: 71.9%; @entity0 : 46.7%. Overall outcome: response rate (RR) 43%; @entity1 ( @entity1 ) 6.78 months (m); @entity3 ( @entity3 ) 10.9 m. See table for distribution of genotypes. @entity1 was 6.78 m for p with @entity4 @entity15 , 7.57m for @entity9 , and 5.3 m for @entity17 (P=0.03). In 41 p with lung metastases, @entity1 was 6 m for p with @entity5 C/C, 8.4 m for C/A, and 5.3 for A/A (P=0.03). @entity1 was 11.3 m for 23 p with both @entity4 @entity9 and @entity5 C/A, as compared to 6.6 m for 112 remaining p (P=0.006). A similar tendency was observed for @entity3 (P=ns). No other significant differences according to genotype were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Heterozygosity for both @entity4 751 and @entity5 may be a predictive marker of chemosensitivity. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Combined DNA repair gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gemcitabine ( XXXX )/cisplatin (cis)-treated @entity2 ( @entity2 ) patients (p).

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7049 Background: Current clinical staging of @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity3 ( @entity3 ) does not specifically predict prognosis or identify @entity0 most likely to benefit from combined modality therapy. Previously, we showed that pathologic @entity1 size and SUVmax on FDG PET scan more accurately predicted prognosis after resection of @entity3 than other clinical variables. To extend this work, we developed a novel FDG PET parameter, the total lesion glycolysis (TLG), which integrates noninvasively measured @entity1 volume and glycolytic activity (unit measurement = gms), and tested this as a prognostic indicator. METHODS: Retrospective database review revealed 95 previously untreated consecutive @entity0 who underwent a R0 resection of @entity3 and also had a preoperative FDG PET scan. Parameters evaluated were: resected @entity1 size, @entity4 status, histology, SUVmax, and TLG. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan Meier, prognostic factors by log rank. p was significant if <.05. RESULTS: Of 95 @entity0 studied, 29 died during the followup period. The median follow-up of surviving @entity0 was 21 months. TLG had a high rank correlation with the resected @entity1 volume (74%, p<0.001). By univariate analysis, SUVmax, TLG, nodal status, histology, @entity4 status, and pathologic @entity1 diameter all predicted overall survival. However, by multivariable analysis, TLG was the only statistically significant independent predictor of overall survival. Each 10-fold increase in TLG almost doubled the risk of @entity2 , hazard ratio=1.9 (p<0.001). At 3 years, 80% of @entity0 with a TLG<125 gms were alive compared to 53% of those with TLG>125 gms (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: TLG is measurable preoperatively from PET images and is a novel non-invasive predictor of survival after @entity3 resection. TLG can help select poor prognosis @entity1 for induction therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Novel noninvasive measurement of total @entity1 glycolysis by PET predicts survival after complete surgical resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7049 Background: Current clinical staging of @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity3 ( @entity3 ) does not specifically predict prognosis or identify @entity0 most likely to benefit from combined modality therapy. Previously, we showed that pathologic @entity1 size and SUVmax on FDG PET scan more accurately predicted prognosis after resection of @entity3 than other clinical variables. To extend this work, we developed a novel FDG PET parameter, the total lesion glycolysis (TLG), which integrates noninvasively measured @entity1 volume and glycolytic activity (unit measurement = gms), and tested this as a prognostic indicator. METHODS: Retrospective database review revealed 95 previously untreated consecutive @entity0 who underwent a R0 resection of @entity3 and also had a preoperative FDG PET scan. Parameters evaluated were: resected @entity1 size, @entity4 status, histology, SUVmax, and TLG. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan Meier, prognostic factors by log rank. p was significant if <.05. RESULTS: Of 95 @entity0 studied, 29 died during the followup period. The median follow-up of surviving @entity0 was 21 months. TLG had a high rank correlation with the resected @entity1 volume (74%, p<0.001). By univariate analysis, SUVmax, TLG, nodal status, histology, @entity4 status, and pathologic @entity1 diameter all predicted overall survival. However, by multivariable analysis, TLG was the only statistically significant independent predictor of overall survival. Each 10-fold increase in TLG almost doubled the risk of @entity2 , hazard ratio=1.9 (p<0.001). At 3 years, 80% of @entity0 with a TLG<125 gms were alive compared to 53% of those with TLG>125 gms (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: TLG is measurable preoperatively from PET images and is a novel non-invasive predictor of survival after @entity3 resection. TLG can help select poor prognosis @entity1 for induction therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Novel noninvasive measurement of total XXXX glycolysis by PET predicts survival after complete surgical resection of @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7080 Background: Chemotherapy for @entity0 >=  70 years of age with advanced NSCLC can be associated with greater @entity3 than in younger @entity0 . The identification of an efficacious therapy with minimal systemic @entity3 would be particularly beneficial to elderly subjects. @entity5 ( @entity5   ) has shown promising activity, and a tolerable side effect profile, in the treatment of @entity0 who have failed prior chemotherapy. We thus chose to conduct a single center phase II trial of @entity5 in @entity0 >=  70 with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. METHODS: @entity0 : chemotherapy na  ve, IIIB (w/malignant effusion)/IV, PS 0-2; treated with @entity5 , 150 mg p.o. q.d., until evidence of disease progression or @entity3 . Primary endpoint: median survival; secondary endpoints: response rate, quality of life (using LCSS), changes in FDG-PET, and analysis of EGFR signaling pathway from pre-treatment @entity1 specimens. RESULTS: From 3/03 to 12/03, 36 pts were treated; 30 evaluable for @entity3 and response; 1 for @entity3 only; 5 too early. M/F: 19/17; median age 76 (70-86); PS 0/1/2:6/28/2; Path: adeno, 56%; squamous 14%; adeno w/BAC features, 11%; BAC, 11%; NSCLC unclassified 11%, large cell, 2%. Smoking: current/former/never: 2/30/4. @entity3 : rash 77%(grade 1/2: 92%, grade 3: 8%, grade 4:0%), @entity4 61% (grade 1/2: 100%, grade3/4:0%). Other >=  grade 3 @entity3 : @entity2 2/31 (6.5%) and lacrimation 1/31 (3.2%). One @entity0 died from @entity3 ( @entity2 ); 3/31 (9.6%) were dose reduced; 2/31 (6.5%) discontinued. RESPONSE: CR:0; PR: 4 (13.3%; 95% CI 5 - 29%); SD: 14 (46.6%; 95% CI 31-64%); PD:12 (40%). Median duration of response and stable disease: 6.8 (range 3.5-7.5+) and 3.5 months (range 1.5-8.0+), respectively. Survival and FDG-PET imaging are too early to evaluate. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 appears to be well tolerated and demonstrates encouraging activity in @entity0 >=  70 years of age with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. Accrual is continuing to 60 @entity0 and updated response, survival and FDG-PET data will be presented. [Table: see text].

title: Preliminary results from a phase II study of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor XXXX in @entity0 > 70 years of age with previously untreated advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7080 Background: Chemotherapy for @entity0 >=  70 years of age with advanced NSCLC can be associated with greater @entity3 than in younger @entity0 . The identification of an efficacious therapy with minimal systemic @entity3 would be particularly beneficial to elderly subjects. @entity5 ( @entity5   ) has shown promising activity, and a tolerable side effect profile, in the treatment of @entity0 who have failed prior chemotherapy. We thus chose to conduct a single center phase II trial of @entity5 in @entity0 >=  70 with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. METHODS: @entity0 : chemotherapy na  ve, IIIB (w/malignant effusion)/IV, PS 0-2; treated with @entity5 , 150 mg p.o. q.d., until evidence of disease progression or @entity3 . Primary endpoint: median survival; secondary endpoints: response rate, quality of life (using LCSS), changes in FDG-PET, and analysis of EGFR signaling pathway from pre-treatment @entity1 specimens. RESULTS: From 3/03 to 12/03, 36 pts were treated; 30 evaluable for @entity3 and response; 1 for @entity3 only; 5 too early. M/F: 19/17; median age 76 (70-86); PS 0/1/2:6/28/2; Path: adeno, 56%; squamous 14%; adeno w/BAC features, 11%; BAC, 11%; NSCLC unclassified 11%, large cell, 2%. Smoking: current/former/never: 2/30/4. @entity3 : rash 77%(grade 1/2: 92%, grade 3: 8%, grade 4:0%), @entity4 61% (grade 1/2: 100%, grade3/4:0%). Other >=  grade 3 @entity3 : @entity2 2/31 (6.5%) and lacrimation 1/31 (3.2%). One @entity0 died from @entity3 ( @entity2 ); 3/31 (9.6%) were dose reduced; 2/31 (6.5%) discontinued. RESPONSE: CR:0; PR: 4 (13.3%; 95% CI 5 - 29%); SD: 14 (46.6%; 95% CI 31-64%); PD:12 (40%). Median duration of response and stable disease: 6.8 (range 3.5-7.5+) and 3.5 months (range 1.5-8.0+), respectively. Survival and FDG-PET imaging are too early to evaluate. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 appears to be well tolerated and demonstrates encouraging activity in @entity0 >=  70 years of age with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. Accrual is continuing to 60 @entity0 and updated response, survival and FDG-PET data will be presented. [Table: see text].

title: Preliminary results from a phase II study of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor @entity5 in XXXX > 70 years of age with previously untreated advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 6585 Background: Primary mediastinal @entity1 (PMBL) has been recognized as a subtype of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with distinct characteristics (e.g.: seen most often in young females) and is thought to be of thymic origin. Other subtypes of @entity1 may involve the mediastinum and may be confused with PMBL. The value of radiotherapy in @entity1 with a mediastinal mass is debated. We conducted this retrospective analysis to study clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in @entity0 with @entity1 and a mediastinal mass at presentation. METHODS: This is an analysis of 61 @entity0 diagnosed with diffuse large @entity1 presenting with a mediastinal mass> 5 cms who received their initial treatment between June 1984 and October 2000. RESULTS: The median age was 41 years and 50% were females. 66% presented with elevated LDH and 63% had limited stage disease (stage I and II). 46 % of the @entity0 presented with mediastinal mass >10cms and 69% had B symptoms. 27% received adjuvant radiation therapy. All @entity0 received @entity3 -containing chemotherapy. A complete remission was achieved in 62% and partial remission in 22% of the @entity0 . The median follow-up of surviving @entity0 is 7.6 years and the 5-year overall ( @entity2 ) and event-free survival (EFS) is 55% and 38%, respectively. Older @entity0 had significantly poorer @entity2 (p = 0.016), but age was not associated with EFS. Stage III and IV @entity0 had poorer outcome compared to stage I and II (EFS 58% vs. 24%, p = 0.025 and @entity2 84% vs. 30%, p < 0.001). Tumor size, B symptoms, LDH and number of extra nodal sites were not significantly associated with outcome. @entity0 who received adjuvant radiation therapy compared to those who did not had better EFS (65% vs. 32%, p< 0.01), and @entity2 (72% vs. 45%, p = 0.081). The use of radiation therapy improved outcome in @entity0 with stages I and II and not in III and IV. The advantage was most pronounced for stage II @entity0 (EFS p = 0.014 and @entity2 p= 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity1 with mediastinal mass who present with limited stage disease benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Diffuse large XXXX with mediastinal mass at presentation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9639 Background: Although @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is usually considered as a specific disease entity, findings suggest diversity rather than a single clinicopathological entity. Clinical prognostic systems, including the International Prognostic Index (IPI), is useful in assessing overall prognosis with some reserve. It is likely that the prognostic assessment of @entity0 with @entity3 might be improved by using biological features. METHODS: To determine the clinical significance and prognostic value of biological markers expressed in @entity3 , we retrospectively studied 26 @entity0 diagnosed as de novo @entity3 at Chungnam National University Hospital.Immunohistochemical studies were performed with @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity6 , and MHC-II, Ki-67 antibodies on archival pathology specimens. Two immunophenotypic patterns were distinguished according to the pattern of differentiation: germinal center (GC; @entity4  / @entity5 +/ @entity7 -) or post-germinal center (pGC; @entity4  / @entity5  / @entity7 +)type. RESULTS: The median age was 56 (range;37   69). 17 @entity0 (65.4%) were male. 5 @entity0 (19.2%) had 'B' symptoms. 11 @entity0 (42.3%) had the elevated LDH level. 5 @entity0 (19.2%) had bulky disease. After a median follow up duration of 48 months, the median survival time was 44 months with a range of 1   100+ months. 5-year overall survival rate was 32% by Kaplan-Meier method. The clinical factors affecting survival were serum LDH level, stage, B Symptom, bulky disease, stage at diagnosis. The only immunologic marker affecting survival was @entity1 . In @entity0 with the same IPI scores, @entity1 positive @entity0 had lower survival.(p = 0.002 ) The germinal center like type had better survival than post-germinal center like type but had no statistical significance. .(p = 0.064 ) Conclusion: Immunohistochemical profiles of @entity3 maybe useful in predicting survival, especially @entity1 expression. Germinal center type had better survival than post-Germinal center like type without statistical significance. Large scale study in more @entity0 are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Prognostic significance of biomarkers of diffuse large XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9636 Purpose: To determine the clinical predictors of survival and significance of @entity6 and @entity5 overexpression as prognostic markers in elderly males (age =/>65 years) with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, a retrospective chart review was performed to obtain demographic/clinical data on elderly males with a biopsy-proven @entity1 . @entity6 and @entity5 overexpression was also assessed using immunohistochemical techniques (IHC). RESULTS: 64 elderly males (mean age: 73.75 years; range: 65-87 years) were included in our study. 12/64 @entity0 (18.75%) had @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 48 (75%) had @entity3 ( @entity3 ). 4 @entity0 (6.25%) refused diagnostic biopsies. The most common diagnostic procedures were CT-guided biopsy (n=38, 59.37%) and transbronchial biopsy (n=12, 18.75%). Of the 64 @entity0 studied, 24 (37.5%) presented with cough, 16 (25%) as an incidental finding and 8 (12.5%) with @entity4 . Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity0 with @entity4 at presentation had a 4.25 greater odds (95% CI 1.8-10, p=0.01) of early demise as compared with cough. With increasing performance status (from ECOG 0 to 4), the hazards of dying increased by 1.27 times the previous level (p=0.005). Interestingly, of the 12 @entity0 with @entity2 , 4 (33.3%) revealed @entity6 overexpression, while none of the @entity3 specimens revealed overexpression. Also, after adjusting for confounding variables, @entity6 overexpression was associated with a significant survival advantage (p=0.018) in @entity2 , using the Log rank test. In contrast, presence of @entity5 /neu identified in 4 @entity0 with @entity2 (33.3%) and 9 @entity3 @entity0 (18.75%) had an insignificant effect on survival (p=0.87) in elderly males with @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Elderly males with @entity1 represent a select subgroup with characteristic clinical and pathologic features. @entity5 overexpression seen in @entity3 and @entity2 lacks prognostic significance in elderly males. Interestingly, however, @entity6 overexpression, seen in    30% of the @entity2 cohort seems to confer a survival advantage. Further larger studies are needed to validate our findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Clinical features at presentation, @entity6 , and XXXX overexpression as prognostic factors in elderly @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9636 Purpose: To determine the clinical predictors of survival and significance of @entity6 and @entity5 overexpression as prognostic markers in elderly males (age =/>65 years) with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, a retrospective chart review was performed to obtain demographic/clinical data on elderly males with a biopsy-proven @entity1 . @entity6 and @entity5 overexpression was also assessed using immunohistochemical techniques (IHC). RESULTS: 64 elderly males (mean age: 73.75 years; range: 65-87 years) were included in our study. 12/64 @entity0 (18.75%) had @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 48 (75%) had @entity3 ( @entity3 ). 4 @entity0 (6.25%) refused diagnostic biopsies. The most common diagnostic procedures were CT-guided biopsy (n=38, 59.37%) and transbronchial biopsy (n=12, 18.75%). Of the 64 @entity0 studied, 24 (37.5%) presented with cough, 16 (25%) as an incidental finding and 8 (12.5%) with @entity4 . Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity0 with @entity4 at presentation had a 4.25 greater odds (95% CI 1.8-10, p=0.01) of early demise as compared with cough. With increasing performance status (from ECOG 0 to 4), the hazards of dying increased by 1.27 times the previous level (p=0.005). Interestingly, of the 12 @entity0 with @entity2 , 4 (33.3%) revealed @entity6 overexpression, while none of the @entity3 specimens revealed overexpression. Also, after adjusting for confounding variables, @entity6 overexpression was associated with a significant survival advantage (p=0.018) in @entity2 , using the Log rank test. In contrast, presence of @entity5 /neu identified in 4 @entity0 with @entity2 (33.3%) and 9 @entity3 @entity0 (18.75%) had an insignificant effect on survival (p=0.87) in elderly males with @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Elderly males with @entity1 represent a select subgroup with characteristic clinical and pathologic features. @entity5 overexpression seen in @entity3 and @entity2 lacks prognostic significance in elderly males. Interestingly, however, @entity6 overexpression, seen in    30% of the @entity2 cohort seems to confer a survival advantage. Further larger studies are needed to validate our findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Clinical features at presentation, @entity6 , and @entity5 overexpression as prognostic factors in elderly @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9636 Purpose: To determine the clinical predictors of survival and significance of @entity6 and @entity5 overexpression as prognostic markers in elderly males (age =/>65 years) with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, a retrospective chart review was performed to obtain demographic/clinical data on elderly males with a biopsy-proven @entity1 . @entity6 and @entity5 overexpression was also assessed using immunohistochemical techniques (IHC). RESULTS: 64 elderly males (mean age: 73.75 years; range: 65-87 years) were included in our study. 12/64 @entity0 (18.75%) had @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 48 (75%) had @entity3 ( @entity3 ). 4 @entity0 (6.25%) refused diagnostic biopsies. The most common diagnostic procedures were CT-guided biopsy (n=38, 59.37%) and transbronchial biopsy (n=12, 18.75%). Of the 64 @entity0 studied, 24 (37.5%) presented with cough, 16 (25%) as an incidental finding and 8 (12.5%) with @entity4 . Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity0 with @entity4 at presentation had a 4.25 greater odds (95% CI 1.8-10, p=0.01) of early demise as compared with cough. With increasing performance status (from ECOG 0 to 4), the hazards of dying increased by 1.27 times the previous level (p=0.005). Interestingly, of the 12 @entity0 with @entity2 , 4 (33.3%) revealed @entity6 overexpression, while none of the @entity3 specimens revealed overexpression. Also, after adjusting for confounding variables, @entity6 overexpression was associated with a significant survival advantage (p=0.018) in @entity2 , using the Log rank test. In contrast, presence of @entity5 /neu identified in 4 @entity0 with @entity2 (33.3%) and 9 @entity3 @entity0 (18.75%) had an insignificant effect on survival (p=0.87) in elderly males with @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Elderly males with @entity1 represent a select subgroup with characteristic clinical and pathologic features. @entity5 overexpression seen in @entity3 and @entity2 lacks prognostic significance in elderly males. Interestingly, however, @entity6 overexpression, seen in    30% of the @entity2 cohort seems to confer a survival advantage. Further larger studies are needed to validate our findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Clinical features at presentation, XXXX , and @entity5 overexpression as prognostic factors in elderly @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9636 Purpose: To determine the clinical predictors of survival and significance of @entity6 and @entity5 overexpression as prognostic markers in elderly males (age =/>65 years) with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: After approval from the institutional review board, a retrospective chart review was performed to obtain demographic/clinical data on elderly males with a biopsy-proven @entity1 . @entity6 and @entity5 overexpression was also assessed using immunohistochemical techniques (IHC). RESULTS: 64 elderly males (mean age: 73.75 years; range: 65-87 years) were included in our study. 12/64 @entity0 (18.75%) had @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 48 (75%) had @entity3 ( @entity3 ). 4 @entity0 (6.25%) refused diagnostic biopsies. The most common diagnostic procedures were CT-guided biopsy (n=38, 59.37%) and transbronchial biopsy (n=12, 18.75%). Of the 64 @entity0 studied, 24 (37.5%) presented with cough, 16 (25%) as an incidental finding and 8 (12.5%) with @entity4 . Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity0 with @entity4 at presentation had a 4.25 greater odds (95% CI 1.8-10, p=0.01) of early demise as compared with cough. With increasing performance status (from ECOG 0 to 4), the hazards of dying increased by 1.27 times the previous level (p=0.005). Interestingly, of the 12 @entity0 with @entity2 , 4 (33.3%) revealed @entity6 overexpression, while none of the @entity3 specimens revealed overexpression. Also, after adjusting for confounding variables, @entity6 overexpression was associated with a significant survival advantage (p=0.018) in @entity2 , using the Log rank test. In contrast, presence of @entity5 /neu identified in 4 @entity0 with @entity2 (33.3%) and 9 @entity3 @entity0 (18.75%) had an insignificant effect on survival (p=0.87) in elderly males with @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Elderly males with @entity1 represent a select subgroup with characteristic clinical and pathologic features. @entity5 overexpression seen in @entity3 and @entity2 lacks prognostic significance in elderly males. Interestingly, however, @entity6 overexpression, seen in    30% of the @entity2 cohort seems to confer a survival advantage. Further larger studies are needed to validate our findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Clinical features at presentation, @entity6 , and @entity5 overexpression as prognostic factors in elderly XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9630 Background: This study was performed to evaluate the clinical features and outcome of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Iran. METHODS: All cases of @entity2 presented to a main countryside referral University hospital (SGH) for @entity1 in Teheran, Iran between June 20,2000 and January 3,2003 were retrospectively reviewed to determine age, gender, subsite distribution, early symptoms, ethnicity, type of the @entity2 and the chemotherapy management. RESULTS: A total of 200 @entity0 were included .114 @entity0 (57.0%) were male and 86 were female (43.0%) .Age ranged from 13-90 years with a mean of 55.15+/- 14.5 years.16.5% of @entity0 were below 40 years of age.The @entity1 were classified as : appendix (n=4), cecum ( n=7), Right Cancers (RC), from the cecum to hepatic flexure (n=1), hepatic flexure ( n=2), Transverse Colon (n=19), Splenic Flexure (n=3), Left Colon (LC) from the Splenic Flexure down to Sigmoid (n=6), Sigmoid ( n=16), Rectum ( n=117), Rectosigmoid _ Rectal lesions (n=16), and @entity2 without known locations (n=9). @entity8 was the most common (n=181, 90%), followed by Mucinous AC (n=15), @entity11 (n=1), @entity10 (n=1), @entity3 (n=1), @entity7 (n=1). The most common presenting symptom was @entity5 ( n=68, 34.5%) . 37% of @entity0 had @entity4 at the time of diagnosis. 130 of @entity0 underwent chemotherapy and the combination of @entity6 and @entity9 was predominanat. (n=104, 52%) Younger @entity0 significantly had more Mucinous AC (p=.008) and took more @entity6 .(p=0.05) Conclusions: We have no reports from the Epidemiology of @entity2 in Iran since 1977. the data suggested a younger age distribution for @entity2 . we found no significant difference between age, gender and type of @entity1 with subsite distribution . Distal (left-sided) @entity2 was more prevalent. 30.5% of @entity0 were diagnosed by screening studies which highly suggests the procedure. 1 out of 200 @entity0 was ethnically Jews and because of high risk in these @entity0 with a population of 26,354 in a 61M in Iran, so more investigation is needed. @entity4 was less common in our population. younger @entity0 received medical attention and @entity6 medication earlier and more. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: The epidemiology, clinical findings and prognosis of XXXX in Iran.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9657 Background: The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) is a validated prognostic tool, based on @entity0 size, node involvement and Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) grading, that is able to predict survival in pts with @entity0 , and allows their stratification into three different prognostic groups. METHODS: The purpose of this retrospective study was to verify, according to our experience with a long-term follow-up, the effect of some prognostic variables on @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and to establish the independent influence of each of them by means of a survival regression analysis. Then we applied the NPI to the same group of pts in order to assess the predictive power and reproducibility of the index. 467 @entity1 with stages I or II treated from November 1979 to March 2002 were evaluated. The follow-up was complete for all pts, with a median of 66 months (range 12-280 m). RESULTS: @entity3 for all pts at 10 years was 74.6%. A significant difference in @entity3 was demonstrated for lymph node involvement, @entity2 size, histological grade, age and ER status in the univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazard model), lymph node involvement, @entity2 size, histological grade and age remained as independent prognostic factors. The @entity3 curves obtained after applying the NPI are similar to those for the factors with independent prognostic significance derived from our multivariate analysis. Pts with NPI 3.4 or less had survival rate at 10 years of 92%, pts with NPI 3,5-5,4 had 73% and 52 % of those with an index sum >5.5, respectively. Similarly, mean NPI was higher in @entity1 <=  40 years old, compared with those > 40 years (p< 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to the variables used to elaborate NPI score, age emerged as an important predictor both for time to relapse and survival. Future investigations should consider if its inclusion can aid to the developing of a more exact prognostic tool. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: The Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) applied to 467 XXXX (pts) with a long-term follow-up that were treated in a single institution.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9681 Background: : Although @entity5 has been recognized as a rare and distinct clinicopathologic entity, limited data is available about its clinical behavior and outcome. Our experience with @entity5 over the @entity6 decades is presented here. METHODS: @entity0 with @entity5 were identified using Saskatchewan Cancer Registry - Canada, from 1971-2002. Diagnosis was based on immunohistochemistry and/or morphology. @entity0 with abnormal chest radiology at diagnosis or with well-differentiated @entity2 or Merkel cell @entity4 were excluded. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: A total of 101 eligible @entity0 with @entity5 were identified. Median age was 72 yrs (24-100) and M:F was 1.4:1. Median duration of symptoms prior to definitive diagnosis was 2 months [m] (0.25-40). 51 @entity0 had localized disease and 50 had @entity3 .No significant difference was noted in age, gender distribution, comorbid illness, and incidence of of secondary @entity2 , however 96% of @entity0 with limited disease (LD) had ECOG performance status of <= 2 compared with 52% in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) [p=<0.0001]. The primary disease sites were as follows: Breast n=9; gastrointestinal n=20, genitourinary n=18, gynecologic n=11, head _ neck n=10, thymus n=2, and unknown primary n=31 . Ninety percent of @entity0 with LD received treatment and 98% of them had an objective response (OR). In contrast, 54% @entity0 with @entity3 received therapy and 44% of them had OR(p<0.0001). Median progression/relapse free survival in responding @entity0 with LD was 20+ m (2-276) compared with 12+ m (2-68) in @entity3 (p<0.0001). All the @entity0 with LD had median OS of 34+ m (0.2-276) compared with 2+ m (0.1-108) in @entity0 with @entity3 (p<0.0001). 5 year survival in @entity0 with LD was 31% compared with 2% in @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that natural history of @entity5 seems comparable to small cell @entity1 and that extent of disease is an important factor predicting survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Largest series of @entity5 ( XXXX ): The Saskatchewan Experience.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9681 Background: : Although @entity5 has been recognized as a rare and distinct clinicopathologic entity, limited data is available about its clinical behavior and outcome. Our experience with @entity5 over the @entity6 decades is presented here. METHODS: @entity0 with @entity5 were identified using Saskatchewan Cancer Registry - Canada, from 1971-2002. Diagnosis was based on immunohistochemistry and/or morphology. @entity0 with abnormal chest radiology at diagnosis or with well-differentiated @entity2 or Merkel cell @entity4 were excluded. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: A total of 101 eligible @entity0 with @entity5 were identified. Median age was 72 yrs (24-100) and M:F was 1.4:1. Median duration of symptoms prior to definitive diagnosis was 2 months [m] (0.25-40). 51 @entity0 had localized disease and 50 had @entity3 .No significant difference was noted in age, gender distribution, comorbid illness, and incidence of of secondary @entity2 , however 96% of @entity0 with limited disease (LD) had ECOG performance status of <= 2 compared with 52% in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) [p=<0.0001]. The primary disease sites were as follows: Breast n=9; gastrointestinal n=20, genitourinary n=18, gynecologic n=11, head _ neck n=10, thymus n=2, and unknown primary n=31 . Ninety percent of @entity0 with LD received treatment and 98% of them had an objective response (OR). In contrast, 54% @entity0 with @entity3 received therapy and 44% of them had OR(p<0.0001). Median progression/relapse free survival in responding @entity0 with LD was 20+ m (2-276) compared with 12+ m (2-68) in @entity3 (p<0.0001). All the @entity0 with LD had median OS of 34+ m (0.2-276) compared with 2+ m (0.1-108) in @entity0 with @entity3 (p<0.0001). 5 year survival in @entity0 with LD was 31% compared with 2% in @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that natural history of @entity5 seems comparable to small cell @entity1 and that extent of disease is an important factor predicting survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Largest series of XXXX ( @entity5 ): The Saskatchewan Experience.

answer: @entity5