abstract: In a joint prospective study in Germany and the United Kingdom between 1980 and 1993, 1373 @entity0 who had @entity2 and 366 who had @entity3 during the first 36 weeks of gestation were followed up. 9 cases of @entity2 were identified, all occurring after @entity2 during the first 20 weeks of gestation. The highest risk (2.0%) was observed between 13-20 weeks gestation, with 7 affected @entity0 identified among 351 pregnancies (95% CI of risk 0.8-4.1%). Only 2 cases of @entity2 were identified among 472 pregnancies in which @entity2 occurred before 13 weeks (observed risk 0.4%, 95% CI 0.05-1.5%). Herpes zoster in infancy was reported in 10 @entity0 whose mothers had had @entity2 in pregnancy. No @entity0 with clinical evidence of @entity1 were born to the 366 @entity0 with @entity3 in pregnancy (upper 95% confidence limit of estimated risk 1.0%). Varicella-zoster-specific IgM antibody was found at birth in 4 of 16 (25%) @entity0 with clinical manifestations of @entity1 and persistent specific IgG antibody in 5 of 7 @entity0 tested. The corresponding rates in asymptomatic @entity0 whose mothers had @entity2 were 12% (76/615) and 7% (22/335) respectively. No serological evidence of @entity1 was found in @entity0 who mothers had @entity3 in pregnancy. In 97 pregnant @entity0 , @entity2 occurred after post-exposure prophylaxis with @entity4 immunoglobulin. No cases of @entity4 in infancy occurred in this group. Our estimates provide a sound basis for counselling @entity0 with @entity2 in pregnancy. Although the risk of @entity2 is small, the outcome for the affected @entity0 is so serious that a reliable method of prenatal diagnosis would be valuable. In the long term, prevention of @entity2 would be an option if a safe and effective vaccine were to become routinely available.

title: XXXX in pregnancy: prospective study of 1739 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to summarize the complications of posterior vertebral column resection (pVCR) and pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of @entity6 . METHODS: fifty four @entity0 from a single center from February 2000 to February 2009 were included in this study. There were 23 males and 31 females with an average age of 28.3 years (range, 16-58 years). @entity0 were divided into 4 diagnostic categories: severe @entity5 (n = 9, mean Cobb angle, 91.7  ), @entity7 (n = 22, mean @entity5 , 101.5  , and mean @entity4 , 69.4  ), @entity4 (n = 21, mean @entity4 , 72.2  ), global @entity4 (n = 2, mean @entity4 , 93.6  ). All of the @entity0 received one stage pVCR combined correction with pedicle screws and circumferential fusion. Radiographs and hospital charts were reviewed to analyze the outcomes of correction. RESULTS: a mean of 1.4 vertebral levels were resected, the mean operative time was 470 min, and the mean @entity3 was 4180 ml. All the @entity0 were followed-up for an average time of 26 months (range, 12 - 66 months). At the latest follow-up, the major curve correction averaged: severe @entity5 61.4   (67%), @entity7 59.7   (56%)/ @entity4 42.3   (59%), @entity4 48.5   (71%), global @entity4 62.7   (67%). A total of 21 complications (38.9%) occurred in 17 @entity0 , including 5 (9.3%) @entity1 happened in early stage and one case of delayed complete paraplegic. There were 11 (20.4%) non- @entity1 happened in early stage and 5 (9.3%) cases in late stage. CONCLUSIONS: one stage posterior-only vertebral column resection can achieve satisfactory correction of severe @entity2 with limited flexibility. Given its technically demanding and exhausting features, its potential risk of significant complications should be paid more attention.

title: [Complications of one stage posterior vertebral column resection for the treatment of severe rigid XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: In 17 @entity2 , areas of focal injury were induced in the facial nerve root near the brain stem by implantation of V-clamp and catgut suture. The electrophysiological examinations were made at 3 weeks after the surgery. When the mandibular branch of the facial nerve was electrically stimulated, a combined @entity6 potential and a delayed @entity6 could be recorded from the orbicular ocular branch of the facial nerve. The delayed @entity6 disappeared after the motornucleu of the facial nerve was blocked with injection of 2% @entity5 (1.5 microliter). These phenomena suggests that the artifacial synapses have been formed among the demyelinating facial nerve. The antidromic impulse of the mandibular branch of the facial nerve spread to adjacent fibers through the artifacial synapses in REZ of the facial nerve and causes the synkinases and @entity4 . Delayed @entity6 may be caused by neurons of the motornucleu. @entity1 was also examined histologically at 3 weeks following implantation. Injured nerve showed areas of @entity0 and @entity3 of adjacent axons. The Nissle substances at the neurons of the motornucleu were dissolved and disappeared.

title: [Study on pathogenic mechanism of hemifacial XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: Our research focusses on the role of brain and hypophysis in the control of background adaptation in the clawed toad, @entity2 . This adaptation is regulated by @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Previously, it was shown that various neurotransmitters influence @entity4 release. Here we report about the origin of these factors. Using retrograde labelling techniques combined with immunocytochemistry, it was found that the inhibitory transmitters @entity0 and neuropeptide Y coexist in neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. These neurons project to the pars intermedia and synaptically contact the @entity4 -producing melanotrope cells. In the synapses also @entity3 is present. Tracing of the optic nerve indicated the presence of a direct retinosuprachiasmatic tract. Furthermore, locus coeruleus neurons project to the pars intermedia. They contain the inhibitory transmitter @entity1 . The stimulatory factors @entity5 and thyrotropin stimulating hormone originate from the magnocellular nucleus which send its processes to the neural lobe of the hypophysis.

title: Central control of melanotrope cells of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Using a newly developed training paradigm, @entity0 were trained to associate a spatial location and a black interior with mild footshock and another adjacent location with white interior with the absence of footshock in three independent experiments. Retention of these associations was measured 24 and 48 hr after training in situation in which the animals could move freely between the black and white locations over a 90 sec test. Other @entity0 were subjected to a control procedure in which shock was received on both the black and the white sides of the apparatus. In each of the experiments, half of the animals in the experimental and the control groups were trained following the administration of the @entity1 slow channel blocking agent, @entity2 (5 mg/kg), and the other half after saline administration. In experiment 1, the injections were given 15 min before training. In experiment 2, the injections were given chronically, over a 6 day period before training. In experiment 3, the animals were given a single injection 7 days before training. In all cases, retention was examined both 24 and 48 hr after training. The results were that the experimental procedures produce a strong aversion to the black portion of the apparatus. The greatest amount of retention was found in animals that had received the chronic injections, whether they were of saline or of @entity2 . In every aspect of retention in which the saline-treated @entity0 were less than perfect in retention, the @entity2 animals exhibited superior performance.

title: The effect of a XXXX antagonist on the retention of simple associational learning.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An intriguing component of the maternal response to pregnancy is the differentiation of large numbers of large granular lymphocytes, termed granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells, in the decidua and then in the metrial gland, a structure in the mesometrial triangle unique to rodent pregnancy. We have used the monoclonal antibody 3.2.3 to NKR-P1, a surface molecule involved in triggering natural killer (NK) cells for lysis, to determine the numbers and distribution of NK cells in the nonpregnant @entity0 uterus and during the dramatic changes at implant sites during pregnancy. NKR-P1+ cells were abundant in the nonpregnant uterus, especially in the endometrium. These cells also expressed CD8, @entity4 , and AsialoGM1. In the @entity3 , the numbers were greatest during proestrus and estrus; in ovariectomized animals, they were severely decreased, but returned to normal with @entity1 supplementation. At the time of blastocyst attachment (Day 6), NKR-P1+ cells were few around the implant and in the decidualizing stroma. However, on Day 8, substantial numbers were present in the mesometrial decidua only, and many of these cells expressed the cytolytic protein perforin. By Day 10, NKR-P1+ cells were common within the inner muscle at the base of the mesometrial triangle and in the developing metrial gland, often containing perforin. Larger numbers of perforin+ cells were present in the central decidua towards the ectoplacental cone, and many were weakly NKR-P1+ only. On Day 12, NKR-P1+ cells were almost completely restricted to the metrial gland, with few in decidua, and many were weakly positive. Substantially more perforin-containing cells were seen, indicating that many had lost detectable NKR-P1. This distribution pattern from Days 6-12 is similar to that described for GMG cells and demonstrates that in the @entity0 they belong to the NK cell lineage. These cells were also CD8+ and AsialoGM1+ but negative for @entity4 and class II histocompatibility antigens, which is very different from @entity2 -activated NK cells which they resemble morphologically. The loss during differentiation of NKR-P1 and @entity4 , which are involved in target adhesion and triggering of NK cells, is consistent with the poor cytolytic capacity reported for these cells.

title: NKR-P1+ cells in the XXXX uterus: granulated metrial gland cells are of the natural killer cell lineage.

answer: @entity0


abstract: During a 3-year study period, 19 @entity0 at the University Hospital of Maastricht developed bloodstream infections with species of the "Streptococcus milleri" group, for an incidence of 0.33 per 1,000 admissions. The @entity0 ' median age was 48 years; the male-to-female ratio was 2.8. Eleven @entity0 (57.9%) had underlying diseases, among which @entity1 was predominant. Local @entity2 to the mucosal barrier was an important risk factor. An associated site of @entity3 was found most frequently in the abdominal and thoracic cavities (nine and five cases, respectively). @entity5 was polymicrobial in four of 19 episodes. The 20 infecting S. milleri strains were identified to the species level; Streptococcus anginosus was the most prevalent (16 strains). Eight strains carried Lancefield group C. The isolates were sensitive to most antibiotics. @entity4 formation was documented in nine cases (47.3%); repeated drainage procedures were required in half of these episodes. Mortality was high (five of 19 @entity0 , or 26.3%).

title: XXXX involving the "Streptococcus milleri" group: analysis of 19 cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 is usually treated by extensive total hysterectomy such as Okabayashi's procedure. However, since the introduction of the criteria for classification of stage Ia lesions in 1978 by the Registration Committee for @entity5 of the Japan Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology, surgical procedures have been categorized in greater detail, and reduced operations have begun to be performed. Generally, simple hysterectomy is performed for stage 0 @entity5 , and semi-extensive hysterectomy is indicated for stage Ia lesions. In this study, reduced operations were evaluated in 254 @entity0 with stage 0 and 288 with stage Ia @entity5 selected from 1,412 @entity0 with @entity5 treated at our department between 1976 and 1985. The time required for the operation was 90.8 +/- 34.8 min for simple, 126.7 +/- 36.5 min for semi-extensive, and 173.5 +/- 42.5 min for extensive hysterectomy. The volume of bleeding was 274.5 +/- 257.7 ml for simple, 545.4 +/- 758.2 ml for semi-extensive, and 805.7 +/- 441.6 ml for extensive hysterectomy. The frequency of blood transfusion increased with the increase in the extent of surgery, being 9.0, 22.9, and 61.8% for the respective operations. The incidence of @entity3 (cystoplegia, @entity1 , @entity4 of the urinary tract, @entity2 ) also increased to 12.4% for semi-extensive and 44.8% for extensive hysterectomy. Simple hysterectomy was sufficient for stage 0 lesions, and side effects associated with this operation were infrequent and mild. Curative conization was performed for 14 @entity0 who expressed a desire to have babies, and no recurrence has been observed to date. Semi-extensive hysterectomy was performed in 77% of stage Ia @entity0 , and extensive and simple operations were performed in 8.0% and 10.4%, respectively. Close histological evaluation and postoperative care were carried out, particularly for @entity0 who underwent simple hysterectomy. All these @entity0 are currently alive without signs of recurrence. Two @entity0 received only curative conization due to their strong desire to have babies and are currently being followed up. Both of these @entity0 showed small degrees of interstitial invasion of less than 2mm.

title: [Reduced operation for XXXX and its evaluation].

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity2 of @entity7 was studied after its multiple parenteral administration to albino @entity1 , @entity5 and @entity3 in doses equivalent by the body surface to the daily doses for @entity0 i. e. 1 and 3 g. The antibiotic was administered for 1 to 6 months. Tolerance of the antibiotic by the @entity3 after intravenous and intramuscular administration was satisfactory. In some animals there were observed an insignificant increase in the activity of @entity4 aminotransferase and a rise in the level of @entity6 in blood serum. Pathomorphological examination of the internal organs of the albino @entity1 and @entity3 showed that in high doses the antibiotic could have a damaging effect on the kidneys and epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of the damages depended on the dose of the antibiotic and duration of its use. The damages induced by @entity7 were reversible. It had no marked effect on the peripheral blood count, coagulation system and erythrocyte resistance. In the tested doses the antibiotic had no unfavourable effect on the hearing function in the experiments with @entity5 . Studies with @entity1 revealed that @entity7 had no teratogenic effect. A slightly pronounced embryotoxic action was observed only after using the antibiotic in doses exceeding more than 12 times the approximate therapeutic dose.

title: [Preclinical toxicological study of the new antibiotic @entity7 . Chronic XXXX and effect on intrauterine development of @entity1 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 of @entity7 was studied after its multiple parenteral administration to albino @entity1 , @entity5 and @entity3 in doses equivalent by the body surface to the daily doses for @entity0 i. e. 1 and 3 g. The antibiotic was administered for 1 to 6 months. Tolerance of the antibiotic by the @entity3 after intravenous and intramuscular administration was satisfactory. In some animals there were observed an insignificant increase in the activity of @entity4 aminotransferase and a rise in the level of @entity6 in blood serum. Pathomorphological examination of the internal organs of the albino @entity1 and @entity3 showed that in high doses the antibiotic could have a damaging effect on the kidneys and epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of the damages depended on the dose of the antibiotic and duration of its use. The damages induced by @entity7 were reversible. It had no marked effect on the peripheral blood count, coagulation system and erythrocyte resistance. In the tested doses the antibiotic had no unfavourable effect on the hearing function in the experiments with @entity5 . Studies with @entity1 revealed that @entity7 had no teratogenic effect. A slightly pronounced embryotoxic action was observed only after using the antibiotic in doses exceeding more than 12 times the approximate therapeutic dose.

title: [Preclinical toxicological study of the new antibiotic XXXX . Chronic @entity2 and effect on intrauterine development of @entity1 ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity2 of @entity7 was studied after its multiple parenteral administration to albino @entity1 , @entity5 and @entity3 in doses equivalent by the body surface to the daily doses for @entity0 i. e. 1 and 3 g. The antibiotic was administered for 1 to 6 months. Tolerance of the antibiotic by the @entity3 after intravenous and intramuscular administration was satisfactory. In some animals there were observed an insignificant increase in the activity of @entity4 aminotransferase and a rise in the level of @entity6 in blood serum. Pathomorphological examination of the internal organs of the albino @entity1 and @entity3 showed that in high doses the antibiotic could have a damaging effect on the kidneys and epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. The level of the damages depended on the dose of the antibiotic and duration of its use. The damages induced by @entity7 were reversible. It had no marked effect on the peripheral blood count, coagulation system and erythrocyte resistance. In the tested doses the antibiotic had no unfavourable effect on the hearing function in the experiments with @entity5 . Studies with @entity1 revealed that @entity7 had no teratogenic effect. A slightly pronounced embryotoxic action was observed only after using the antibiotic in doses exceeding more than 12 times the approximate therapeutic dose.

title: [Preclinical toxicological study of the new antibiotic @entity7 . Chronic @entity2 and effect on intrauterine development of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: In @entity2 , the actin gene is present in a cluster of two, three, or four tandemly linked copies, depending on the strain. Each cluster seems to exist in two allelic versions, as suggested by the polymorphism of both gene number and restriction fragment length in the DNA from cloned trypanosomes. The amplification of the gene copy number probably occurs through unequal sister chromatid exchange. The chromosomes harboring the actin genes belong to the large size class. The coding sequence was 1,128 nucleotides long and showed 60 to 70% homology to other eucaryotic actin genes. Surprisingly, this homology seemed weaker with @entity0 congolense, @entity0 , @entity0 vivax, @entity0 mega, or Leishmania actin-specific sequences. The mRNA was around 1.6 kilobases long and was synthesized at the same level in bloodstream and procyclic forms of the parasite. Large RNA precursors, up to 7.7 kilobases, were found in a pattern identical in strains containing either two or three gene copies. Probing of the flanking regions of the gene with either steady-state or in vitro transcripts, as well as S1 nuclease protection and primer extension experiments, allowed mapping of the 3' splice site of the actin mRNA, 38 @entity1 upstream from the translation initiation codon. A variably sized poly(dT) tract was found about 30 base pairs ahead of the splice site. The largest detected actin mRNA precursor seemed to give rise to at least two additional stable mRNAs. The RNA polymerase transcribing the actin gene exhibited the same sensitivity to inhibition by @entity3 as that transcribing both the spliced leader and the bulk of polyadenylated mRNAs.

title: Structure and transcription of the actin gene of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoid-mediated inhibition of angiogenesis is important in physiology, pathophysiology and therapy. However, the mechanisms through which glucocorticoids inhibit growth of new blood vessels have not been established. This study addresses the hypothesis that physiological levels of glucocorticoids inhibit angiogenesis by directly preventing tube formation by endothelial cells. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Cultured @entity0 umbilical vein (HUVEC) and aortic (HAoEC) endothelial cells were used to determine the influence of glucocorticoids on @entity6 ( @entity6 ) formation, and on cellular proliferation ( @entity5 ( @entity5 ) incorporation), viability ( @entity4 production) and migration (Boyden chambers). @entity2 or @entity3 (at physiological concentrations) inhibited both basal and @entity9 (PGF(2a))-induced and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) stimulated @entity6 formation in endothelial cells (ECs) cultured on Matrigel, effects which were blocked with the @entity8 antagonist @entity7 . Glucocorticoids had no effect on EC viability, migration or proliferation. Time-lapse imaging showed that @entity3 blocked @entity1 -stimulated cytoskeletal reorganisation and initialisation of tube formation. Real time PCR suggested that increased expression of thrombospodin-1 contributed to glucocorticoid-mediated inhibition of @entity6 formation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that glucocorticoids interact directly with glucocorticoid receptors on vascular ECs to inhibit @entity6 formation. This action, which was conserved in ECs from two distinct vascular territories, was due to alterations in cell morphology rather than inhibition of EC viability, migration or proliferation and may be mediated in part by induction of thrombospodin-1. These findings provide important insights into the anti-angiogenic action of endogenous glucocorticoids in health and disease.

title: Glucocorticoid-mediated inhibition of angiogenic changes in XXXX endothelial cells is not caused by reductions in cell proliferation or migration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Thirty-five hybridomas that secrete mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against @entity1 (G.P.) tracheal mucins were established. The MAbs were characterized immunologically, biochemically, and immunohistochemically at both light and electron microscopic levels. Isotyping of the MAbs revealed 14 to be IgM, 13 IgG1, 3 IgG2, and 5 IgG3. The MAbs demonstrated various patterns of binding in immunoblots against mucins derived from G.P. tracheal explants. This suggested the presence of "subpopulations" of G.P. tracheal mucins with specific MAbs binding to different epitopes on the mucin molecules. Periodate oxidation indicated that 33 of the 35 MAbs recognized @entity2 epitopes on the mucin molecules. Ten of the MAbs also reacted with both @entity0 and ferret tracheal mucins, while 7 and 6 MAbs bound only to @entity0 and ferret tracheal mucins, respectively. The generated MAbs should be useful for immunomeasurement of mucin secretion in vivo (e.g., in bronchoalveolar or airway lavage fluid) and in vitro (e.g., cell and organ cultures) from cells of @entity1 and (with certain MAbs) @entity0 and ferret origin.

title: Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against XXXX tracheal mucins.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Epidemiological studies carried out in Great Britain, Scandinavia and the United States indicate that workers exposed to @entity3 are at an increased risk for @entity0 ( @entity0 ) mortality, and in particular for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) mortality. In the epidemiological study reported here a retrospective cohort design was used. The total study population consisted of 3322 workers from a Dutch viscose textile plant who had all been employed for at least half a year between 1 January 1947 and 1 January 1980. Only production and maintenance workers were selected for the study. A group of 1434 workers who had been exposed to @entity3 was identified from the files available at the plant. The remaining 1888 workers who had not been exposed to @entity3 were used as a reference group. The total study population was followed for mortality until 1 January 1988. For the 762 workers who had died before that date, the causes of @entity1 were checked at the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results show a slightly but significantly increased risk for @entity0 mortality ( @entity0 -specific SMR of 115), despite the observation of the so-called healthy worker effect and the statistical uncertainties inherent to this type of study. The results are in accordance with those reported by other investigators. The results indicate that exposure to relatively low levels of @entity3 increases the risk of @entity0 mortality.

title: Mortality of Dutch workers exposed to XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The integrity of the T cell receptor complex (CD3-TCR) transduction machinery is central to T cell development and to T cell effector function. Molecular dissection of the multimeric CD3-TCR complex revealed that at least two associated polypeptides, @entity8 and @entity7 , autonomously couple antigenic recognition event to early and late events of the intracytoplasmic activation cascade. A 18- @entity2 motif based on a tandem YXXL stretch, the @entity9 ( @entity9 ) motif, is necessary and sufficient to the transducing properties of both @entity8 and @entity7 . Stimulation of chimeric molecules made of ecto- and transmembrane domains of various cell surface proteins and intracytoplasmic domains of @entity7 or @entity8 leads to an increase in the intracellular @entity1 concentration ([ @entity1 ]i) in Jurkat cells. We describe here that a similar @entity6 /zeta chimeric molecule was unable to induce a detectable [ @entity1 ]i rise upon @entity6 cross-linking once expressed in the @entity0 thymoma BW-. A @entity1 influx could, however, be triggered in BW- cells by @entity5 , i.e. following depletion of @entity1 stores. Somatic cell hybrids made from BW- and either thymocytes or mature lymph node T cells reconstituted the coupling of @entity8 to the @entity1 signal via an @entity9 motif-dependent pathway. However, pervanadate-induced @entity1 mobilization, a phenomenon attributed to @entity3 phosphorylation, was impaired in BW-cells and reconstituted in hybridomas. In contrast to the @entity1 response, @entity4 production was induced in both BW- and hybrids cells, which questions the functional relevance of [ @entity1 ]i augmentation in T cell activation. In conclusion, the properties of the BW- thymoma, which define a novel group of @entity8 transduction cell mutants, as well as its complementation by somatic cell fusion demonstrate that this cell line represents a useful model to dissect the signaling pathway that couples @entity8 to @entity1 mobilization by genetic reconstitution.

title: Reconstitution of XXXX coupling to calcium mobilization via genetic complementation.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: All current aortic endografts depend on proximal and distal fixation to prevent migration. However, migration and rupture can occur, particularly in @entity0 with aortic necks that are short or angulated, or both. We present our initial clinical experience with a new sac-anchoring endoprosthesis designed to anchor and seal the device within the @entity2 sac. METHODS: The initial worldwide experience using a new endoprosthesis for the treatment of @entity3 (Nellix Endovascular, Palo Alto, @entity6 ) was reviewed. The endoprosthesis consists of dual balloon-expandable endoframes surrounded by polymer-filled endobags designed to obliterate the @entity2 sac and maintain endograft position. Clinical results and follow-up contrast computed tomography (CT) scans at 30 days and 6 and 12 months were reviewed. RESULTS: The endograft was successfully deployed in 21 @entity0 with @entity3 measuring 5.7    0.7 cm (range, 4.3-7.4 cm). Two @entity0 with common @entity4 were treated with sac-anchoring extenders that maintained patency of the internal iliac artery. Infusion of 71    37 mL of polymer (range, 19-158 mL) into the aortic endobags resulted in complete @entity2 in all @entity0 . Mean implant time was 76    35 minutes, with 33    17 minutes of fluoroscopy time and 180    81 mL of contrast; estimated @entity1 was 174    116 mL. One @entity0 died during the postoperative period (30-day mortality, 4.8%), and one died at 10 months from non-device-related causes. During a mean follow-up of 8.7    3.1 months and a median of 6.3 months, there were no late @entity2 - or device-related adverse events and no secondary procedures. CT imaging studies at 6 months and 1 year revealed no increase in @entity2 size, no device migration, and no new @entity5 . One @entity0 had a limited proximal type I endoleak at 30 days that resolved at 60 days and remained sealed. One @entity0 has an ongoing distal type I endoleak near the iliac bifurcation, with no change in @entity2 size at 12 months. CONCLUSION: Initial clinical experience with this novel intrasac anchoring prosthesis is promising, with successful @entity2 and good short-term results. This new device platform has the potential to address the anatomic restrictions and limitations of current endografts. Further studies with a longer follow-up time are needed.

title: Initial clinical experience with a sac-anchoring endoprosthesis for XXXX repair.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Elevated 1-h postload plasma @entity3 concentration (1hPG) during oral @entity3 tolerance test has been linked to an increased risk of @entity1 2 @entity0 and a poorer cardiometabolic risk profile. The present study analyzed the predictability and cut-off point of 1hPG in predicting @entity1 2 @entity0 in normal @entity3 regulation (NGR) subjects, and evaluated the long-term prognosis of NGR subjects with elevated 1hPG in @entity3 metabolism, kidney function, metabolic states and @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 116 Han Chinese classified as NGR in 2002 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, were investigated. Follow-up was carried out in 2012 to evaluate the progression of @entity3 metabolism, kidney function, @entity2 and @entity5 . RESULTS: The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were higher for 1hPG than FPG or 2hPG (0.858 vs 0.806 vs 0.746). The cut-off value of 1hPG with the maximal sum of sensitivity and specificity in predicting @entity1 2 @entity0 in NGR subjects was 8.85  mmol/L. The accumulative incidence of @entity1 2 @entity0 in subjects with 1hPG >= 8.85  mmol/L was higher than those <8.85  mmol/L (46.2% vs 3.3%, P  =  0.000; relative risk 13.846, 95% confidence interval 4.223-45.400). On follow up, the prevalence of @entity2 and abnormal carotid intima-media thickness in the subjects with 1hPG >= 8.85  mmol/L tended to be higher compared with those <8.85  mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: 1hPG is a good predictor of @entity1 2 @entity0 in NGR subjects, and the best cut-off point is 8.85  mmol/L. Some tendency indicates that NGR subjects with 1hPG >= 8.85  mmol/L are more prone to @entity2 and @entity5 .

title: Predictability of 1-h postload plasma XXXX concentration: A 10-year retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have a high chance for cure if detected in an early phase of development. @entity0 who have these @entity1 may now be treated in the outpatient setting with a minimum of discomfort, inconvenience, and cost. Most @entity3 deaths are caused by @entity2 . Until recently, @entity2 incidence in the United States has been increasing faster than any other potentially lethal @entity1 , attributable at least in part to aggressive case detection and greater public awareness about the significance of risk factors and early warning signs of evolving @entity1 , resulting in increased numbers of curable @entity1 . Most CMs are discovered by @entity0 or close acquaintances. Most @entity2 deaths are related to @entity0 delay in seeking medical care. @entity0 delay is attributed mostly to lack of knowledge rather than to fear and denial. In the United States, primary prevention of @entity2 and @entity3 has focused on encouraging sensible sun-exposure behaviors, while secondary prevention consists of a yearly national campaign that promotes skin awareness and self-examination and free examinations to detect evolving @entity1 , sponsored by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American @entity1 Society. More attention is needed to encourage timely consultation for evolving @entity1 and predisposing risk factors and to focus screening and surveillance efforts of those @entity0 at greatest risk. Public education must continue to promote personal responsibility in the intervention process to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Public education and @entity3 . What do @entity0 need to know about XXXX and @entity3 ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have a high chance for cure if detected in an early phase of development. @entity0 who have these @entity1 may now be treated in the outpatient setting with a minimum of discomfort, inconvenience, and cost. Most @entity3 deaths are caused by @entity2 . Until recently, @entity2 incidence in the United States has been increasing faster than any other potentially lethal @entity1 , attributable at least in part to aggressive case detection and greater public awareness about the significance of risk factors and early warning signs of evolving @entity1 , resulting in increased numbers of curable @entity1 . Most CMs are discovered by @entity0 or close acquaintances. Most @entity2 deaths are related to @entity0 delay in seeking medical care. @entity0 delay is attributed mostly to lack of knowledge rather than to fear and denial. In the United States, primary prevention of @entity2 and @entity3 has focused on encouraging sensible sun-exposure behaviors, while secondary prevention consists of a yearly national campaign that promotes skin awareness and self-examination and free examinations to detect evolving @entity1 , sponsored by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American @entity1 Society. More attention is needed to encourage timely consultation for evolving @entity1 and predisposing risk factors and to focus screening and surveillance efforts of those @entity0 at greatest risk. Public education must continue to promote personal responsibility in the intervention process to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Public education and XXXX . What do @entity0 need to know about @entity2 and @entity3 ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have a high chance for cure if detected in an early phase of development. @entity0 who have these @entity1 may now be treated in the outpatient setting with a minimum of discomfort, inconvenience, and cost. Most @entity3 deaths are caused by @entity2 . Until recently, @entity2 incidence in the United States has been increasing faster than any other potentially lethal @entity1 , attributable at least in part to aggressive case detection and greater public awareness about the significance of risk factors and early warning signs of evolving @entity1 , resulting in increased numbers of curable @entity1 . Most CMs are discovered by @entity0 or close acquaintances. Most @entity2 deaths are related to @entity0 delay in seeking medical care. @entity0 delay is attributed mostly to lack of knowledge rather than to fear and denial. In the United States, primary prevention of @entity2 and @entity3 has focused on encouraging sensible sun-exposure behaviors, while secondary prevention consists of a yearly national campaign that promotes skin awareness and self-examination and free examinations to detect evolving @entity1 , sponsored by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American @entity1 Society. More attention is needed to encourage timely consultation for evolving @entity1 and predisposing risk factors and to focus screening and surveillance efforts of those @entity0 at greatest risk. Public education must continue to promote personal responsibility in the intervention process to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Public education and @entity3 . What do @entity0 need to know about @entity2 and XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have a high chance for cure if detected in an early phase of development. @entity0 who have these @entity1 may now be treated in the outpatient setting with a minimum of discomfort, inconvenience, and cost. Most @entity3 deaths are caused by @entity2 . Until recently, @entity2 incidence in the United States has been increasing faster than any other potentially lethal @entity1 , attributable at least in part to aggressive case detection and greater public awareness about the significance of risk factors and early warning signs of evolving @entity1 , resulting in increased numbers of curable @entity1 . Most CMs are discovered by @entity0 or close acquaintances. Most @entity2 deaths are related to @entity0 delay in seeking medical care. @entity0 delay is attributed mostly to lack of knowledge rather than to fear and denial. In the United States, primary prevention of @entity2 and @entity3 has focused on encouraging sensible sun-exposure behaviors, while secondary prevention consists of a yearly national campaign that promotes skin awareness and self-examination and free examinations to detect evolving @entity1 , sponsored by the American Academy of Dermatology and the American @entity1 Society. More attention is needed to encourage timely consultation for evolving @entity1 and predisposing risk factors and to focus screening and surveillance efforts of those @entity0 at greatest risk. Public education must continue to promote personal responsibility in the intervention process to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Public education and @entity3 . What do XXXX need to know about @entity2 and @entity3 ?

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis @entity1 is currently made with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography and occasionally with fluoroscopy. However, identifying a @entity1 on a valve prosthesis may be difficult, especially if the @entity1 is nonobstructive. To prospectively define the role of transesophageal echocardiography for identification of nonobstructive thrombi, we studied a series of @entity0 in whom the prosthetic valve was considered to function normally on clinical examination and transthoracic echocardiography. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fourteen consecutive @entity0 with mechanical mitral valve prosthesis were investigated by both transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography. These examinations were performed for recent systemic emboli (15 @entity0 ), fever of unknown etiology (11 @entity0 ), routine postoperative evaluation (56 @entity0 ), and other reasons (32 @entity0 ). Based on transthoracic echo diagnosis, all prostheses were considered normal. Yet, in 20 @entity0 transesophageal echocardiography revealed the presence of a 2- to 15-mm-long mobile @entity1 localized on the atrial surface of the prosthesis. When compared with the remaining 94 @entity0 with no visible thrombi, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of incidence of @entity2 (65% versus 52%), left atrial size (48 +/- 9 versus 51 +/- 13 mm), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (49 +/- 10 versus 51 +/- 13 mm) and fractional shortening (28 +/- 9% versus 31 +/- 10%), presence of spontaneous contrast to the left atrium (40% versus 41%), transprosthetic mean pressure gradient (4.0 +/- 1.4 versus 3.9 +/- 1.5 mm Hg), or the type of prosthesis used. After we discovered a nonobstructive @entity1 , @entity0 were treated with heparin (n = 9) or oral anticoagulation (n = 11). The presence of a localized @entity1 was confirmed in 3 @entity0 who were operated on. In the present study, evolution appeared to depend on @entity1 size: of 14 @entity0 exhibiting a small (< 5 mm) @entity1 , 10 had an uneventful course, whereas 5 of 6 @entity0 with a large (> or = 5 mm) @entity1 developed complications or died. CONCLUSIONS: Transesophageal echocardiography appears to be a reliable method to diagnose thrombi on a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis, even when transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic parameters appear to be normal. Transesophageal echo assessment of @entity1 size may be helpful in deciding whether a @entity0 with mitral prosthesis should be treated by anticoagulation, thrombolysis, or valve rereplacement.

title: Transesophageal echocardiography for the diagnosis and management of nonobstructive XXXX of mechanical mitral valve prosthesis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: African Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is the wildlife reservoir of multiple species within the @entity3 , including @entity1 which causes @entity2 in @entity0 . A parasite, which has not yet been formally named, known as Theileria sp. (buffalo) has been recognized as a potentially distinct species based on rDNA sequence, since 1993. We demonstrate using reverse line blot (RLB) and sequencing of 18S rDNA genes, that in an area where buffalo and @entity0 co-graze and there is a heavy tick challenge, T. sp. (buffalo) can frequently be isolated in culture from @entity0 leukocytes. We also show that T. sp. (buffalo), which is genetically very closely related to @entity1 , according to 18s rDNA sequence, has a conserved orthologue of the polymorphic immunodominant molecule (PIM) that forms the basis of the diagnostic ELISA used for @entity1 serological detection. Closely related orthologues of several CD8 T cell target antigen genes are also shared with @entity1 . By contrast, orthologues of the @entity1 p104 and the p67 sporozoite surface antigens could not be amplified by PCR from T. sp. (buffalo), using conserved primers designed from the corresponding @entity1 sequences. Collectively the data re-emphasise doubts regarding the value of rDNA sequence data alone for defining apicomplexan species in the absence of additional data. 'Deep 454 pyrosequencing' of DNA from two Theileria sporozoite stabilates prepared from Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks fed on buffalo failed to detect T. sp. (buffalo). This strongly suggests that R.  appendiculatus may not be a vector for T. sp. (buffalo). Collectively, the data provides further evidence that T. sp. (buffalo). is a distinct species from @entity1 .

title: The African buffalo parasite Theileria. sp. (buffalo) can infect and immortalize XXXX leukocytes and encodes divergent orthologues of  Theileria parva antigen genes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 45-year-old @entity0 , was admitted for investigation of severe @entity7 . During 20 years of marriage, he had had no normal sexual intercourse and the couple was childless. Physical examination disclosed a severely @entity1 @entity0 (weight 300 kg, height 1.75 m), with a relatively small and invaginated penis and small (5 ml) soft testes. Laboratory examinations disclosed the following: low serum @entity5 (1 ng/ml), with a reduced response to HCG (3.8 ng/ml). @entity6 was at the lower limit of normal (0.38 microgram/dl), serum free @entity5 was low (0.98% of total @entity5 ) as well as non- @entity6 bound @entity5 (22% of total @entity5 ). Daily total urinary @entity4 excretion was increased (107 micrograms), the plasma @entity8 (78 pg/ml) and @entity2 (74 pg/ml) were elevated. The gonadotropins were normal and responded adequately to LRH. Plasma @entity9 was decreased, prolactin, T4 and adrenal steroids were normal and responded normally to stimuli and inhibitors. Chromosomal constitution was 46XY. Thus, in this @entity0 the marked @entity1 produced a significant increase in @entity4 which subsequently induced a severe decrease in @entity5 and its free counterpart in excessive @entity3 .

title: Severe XXXX produced by morbid @entity1 . Report of a case.

answer: @entity7


abstract: A 45-year-old @entity0 , was admitted for investigation of severe @entity7 . During 20 years of marriage, he had had no normal sexual intercourse and the couple was childless. Physical examination disclosed a severely @entity1 @entity0 (weight 300 kg, height 1.75 m), with a relatively small and invaginated penis and small (5 ml) soft testes. Laboratory examinations disclosed the following: low serum @entity5 (1 ng/ml), with a reduced response to HCG (3.8 ng/ml). @entity6 was at the lower limit of normal (0.38 microgram/dl), serum free @entity5 was low (0.98% of total @entity5 ) as well as non- @entity6 bound @entity5 (22% of total @entity5 ). Daily total urinary @entity4 excretion was increased (107 micrograms), the plasma @entity8 (78 pg/ml) and @entity2 (74 pg/ml) were elevated. The gonadotropins were normal and responded adequately to LRH. Plasma @entity9 was decreased, prolactin, T4 and adrenal steroids were normal and responded normally to stimuli and inhibitors. Chromosomal constitution was 46XY. Thus, in this @entity0 the marked @entity1 produced a significant increase in @entity4 which subsequently induced a severe decrease in @entity5 and its free counterpart in excessive @entity3 .

title: Severe @entity7 produced by morbid XXXX . Report of a case.

answer: @entity1


abstract: One hundred and thirty-seven @entity0 with TNM staged T1 glottic @entity1 were treated from 1966 to 1980. The @entity0 characteristics were no different from those noted in previous studies. @entity0 were treated either with 60Co teletherapy units or 4 MeV linear accelerators with different daily (180-225) and weekly (4 times vs. 5 times) fractionation schemes. A recurrent-free survival was attained in 80% of the @entity0 2 years after primary treatment with radiation therapy. There were 27 local recurrences, of which 82% were salvaged with surgery for an overall adjusted survival of 95%. @entity0 treated on 60Co units with field sizes less than or equal to 30 sq. cm had a 15% increase in local recurrence compared with field size greater than 30 sq. cm, which could not be attributed to lower doses. Poorly differentiated @entity1 and those involving the anterior commissure were more likely to develop a local recurrence. Doses above 1900 ret were associated with a decrease in local recurrence in @entity0 having anterior commissure involvement. Salvage with limited surgery for failure was effective in selected cases.

title: The influence of field size, treatment modality, commissure involvement and histology in the treatment of early XXXX with irradiation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The antibacterial efficacy and tolerability of @entity5 (EA) and @entity4 (ES) were compared in 100 male @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The dosage of EA was 400 mg tid and that of ES 500 mg tid. Mean duration of treatment was ten days. When the final evaluation of the trial was made, the @entity0 material was divided into two groups. One group consisted of @entity0 with @entity2 -positive culture before treatment, the other of @entity2 -negative @entity0 with signs of @entity1 in the direct smear. There were 17 @entity0 with @entity1 in the EA-group, and the microbiological cure rate was 100%. In the ES-group there were 21 @entity0 with @entity1 and the microbiological cure rate was 95%. In the EA-group, the cure rate of @entity2 -negative @entity3 @entity0 was 78%, and the corresponding figure in the ES-group was 86%. There was no difference in the cure rates between the two groups on either drug. In the EA-group, 25 @entity0 (50%) reported side effects, in 22 these were gastrointestinal. In the ES-group, 26 @entity0 (52%) reported side effects; in 22 these were gastrointestinal. Two @entity0 in the EA-group discontinued the treatment because of gastrointestinal side effects. There were no differences between the groups in the frequency, severity and duration of side effects.

title: XXXX and @entity4 in the treatment of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The antibacterial efficacy and tolerability of @entity5 (EA) and @entity4 (ES) were compared in 100 male @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The dosage of EA was 400 mg tid and that of ES 500 mg tid. Mean duration of treatment was ten days. When the final evaluation of the trial was made, the @entity0 material was divided into two groups. One group consisted of @entity0 with @entity2 -positive culture before treatment, the other of @entity2 -negative @entity0 with signs of @entity1 in the direct smear. There were 17 @entity0 with @entity1 in the EA-group, and the microbiological cure rate was 100%. In the ES-group there were 21 @entity0 with @entity1 and the microbiological cure rate was 95%. In the EA-group, the cure rate of @entity2 -negative @entity3 @entity0 was 78%, and the corresponding figure in the ES-group was 86%. There was no difference in the cure rates between the two groups on either drug. In the EA-group, 25 @entity0 (50%) reported side effects, in 22 these were gastrointestinal. In the ES-group, 26 @entity0 (52%) reported side effects; in 22 these were gastrointestinal. Two @entity0 in the EA-group discontinued the treatment because of gastrointestinal side effects. There were no differences between the groups in the frequency, severity and duration of side effects.

title: @entity5 and XXXX in the treatment of @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The antibacterial efficacy and tolerability of @entity5 (EA) and @entity4 (ES) were compared in 100 male @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The dosage of EA was 400 mg tid and that of ES 500 mg tid. Mean duration of treatment was ten days. When the final evaluation of the trial was made, the @entity0 material was divided into two groups. One group consisted of @entity0 with @entity2 -positive culture before treatment, the other of @entity2 -negative @entity0 with signs of @entity1 in the direct smear. There were 17 @entity0 with @entity1 in the EA-group, and the microbiological cure rate was 100%. In the ES-group there were 21 @entity0 with @entity1 and the microbiological cure rate was 95%. In the EA-group, the cure rate of @entity2 -negative @entity3 @entity0 was 78%, and the corresponding figure in the ES-group was 86%. There was no difference in the cure rates between the two groups on either drug. In the EA-group, 25 @entity0 (50%) reported side effects, in 22 these were gastrointestinal. In the ES-group, 26 @entity0 (52%) reported side effects; in 22 these were gastrointestinal. Two @entity0 in the EA-group discontinued the treatment because of gastrointestinal side effects. There were no differences between the groups in the frequency, severity and duration of side effects.

title: @entity5 and @entity4 in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The present investigation introduces a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for use during protracted resting cold exposure. The scale contains categories ranging consecutively from 0, i.e., Nothing at all, to 10, i.e., Very, very cold. Eight Caucasian @entity0 were randomly exposed to ambient air in a climatically controlled environmental chamber of 8 degrees, 12 degrees, and 27 degrees C for 120 min. on 3 separate occasions and monitored for rectal temperature (Tre), mean skin temperature ( @entity3 ), ventilation (VE), and @entity1 consumption (VO2). The terminal perceptual categories were anchored for 8 subjects and a standard set of instructions was presented prior to each trial. The anchor temperature was the room air in the anteroom which was 27 degrees C, representing 0, i.e., "Nothing at all," to extend the scale so that subsequent judgments on the scale were expressed in relation to this category. In addition, the subjects were also asked to imagine the coldest that they have ever experienced and this was designed to anchor "Very, very cold." The relations between scale scores and the thermoregulatory variables were examined with a simple linear regression and coefficients of correlation and determination for each subject. High coefficients of determination between @entity3 , VO2, and VE indicated that, for individual subjects, the scores on the scale were related to VE, @entity3 , and VO2. High reliability coefficients for @entity2 were also reported. In addition, the ratings and VO2 relation tended to be similar between subjects. Therefore, this scale appears to be a valid and reliable tool for measuring the perception of cold when at rest in air.

title: A XXXX for use during resting exposure to cold air.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The morphological findings of the carotid bodies of two cases with @entity2 are presented. The first case, a 14-year-old @entity0 with @entity4 accompanied with @entity3 of the tricuspidal valve showed a life-long history of @entity1 and hypoxaemia. The carotid bodies were not enlarged, but the diameters of the glomic lobules were increased and its margins were sometimes blurred. There was a marked increase of glomic tissue within the carotid bodies. The ratio of chief to sustentacular cells remained unchanged. The second case, a 59-year-old @entity0 with a double inlet left ventricle, had a history of @entity1 and hypoxaemia of more than 23 years. The carotid bodies as well as the diameters of the glomic lobules were much more enlarged than in case one. There was an increase of glomic tissue within the carotid bodies, too. The histological examination showed a marked increase of sustentacular and Schwann cells. These results show that the findings of carotid bodies in cyanotic @entity2 may be different depending on the duration of hypoxaemia.

title: The carotid bodies in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 27-month-old @entity0 of Hispanic background developed @entity4 , @entity11 , bloody nasal discharge, and @entity5 . Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large @entity3 that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. @entity14 were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident @entity3 cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a @entity13 . Treatment was initiated with a combination of @entity10 , mesna, and @entity12 along with radiation therapy to the @entity3 . Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the @entity0 developed rapidly progressive @entity6 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable @entity3 in the primary site and massive @entity1 emboli, @entity9 , and widespread lung parenchymal @entity2 . No other sites of @entity3 involvement were discovered. This is the second @entity0 reported with @entity7 , pulmonary @entity2 at diagnosis, and early death attributed to @entity8 .

title: Metastatic XXXX in a @entity0 with massive @entity8 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: A 27-month-old @entity0 of Hispanic background developed @entity4 , @entity11 , bloody nasal discharge, and @entity5 . Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large @entity3 that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. @entity14 were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident @entity3 cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a @entity13 . Treatment was initiated with a combination of @entity10 , mesna, and @entity12 along with radiation therapy to the @entity3 . Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the @entity0 developed rapidly progressive @entity6 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable @entity3 in the primary site and massive @entity1 emboli, @entity9 , and widespread lung parenchymal @entity2 . No other sites of @entity3 involvement were discovered. This is the second @entity0 reported with @entity7 , pulmonary @entity2 at diagnosis, and early death attributed to @entity8 .

title: Metastatic @entity7 in a @entity0 with massive XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: A 27-month-old @entity0 of Hispanic background developed @entity4 , @entity11 , bloody nasal discharge, and @entity5 . Radiographic evaluations showed extensive destruction of the clivus by a large @entity3 that invaded the sphenoid bone, left cavernous sinus, ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity, and left orbit. @entity14 were also noted. The bone marrow and spinal fluid showed no evident @entity3 cells. Transnasal biopsy revealed a @entity13 . Treatment was initiated with a combination of @entity10 , mesna, and @entity12 along with radiation therapy to the @entity3 . Shifting pulmonary densities were noted on serial films. Despite some clinical improvement, the @entity0 developed rapidly progressive @entity6 3 weeks after admission and died. Autopsy showed persistent viable @entity3 in the primary site and massive @entity1 emboli, @entity9 , and widespread lung parenchymal @entity2 . No other sites of @entity3 involvement were discovered. This is the second @entity0 reported with @entity7 , pulmonary @entity2 at diagnosis, and early death attributed to @entity8 .

title: Metastatic @entity7 in a XXXX with massive @entity8 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Regional cerebral blood flow ( @entity2 ) was measured prior to, during and after global @entity1 in @entity0 . @entity1 was produced by 10 or 30-min occlusion of both common carotid arteries which was done 24 hr after the permanent electrocauterization of bilateral vertebral arteries. The @entity2 was measured using the radioactive microsphere technique. In @entity0 subjected to 10-min @entity1 , @entity2 in 9 brain regions was reduced to 11.3-54.8% (mean: 26.9%) of that of the sham operated control. Ten min after recirculation, hyperperfusion was observed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum, and a moderate recovery was detected in the n.accumb. + olfactory tub., thalamus and hypothalamus. However, @entity2 in these 6 regions was again decreased 20-30 min later, and it recovered to levels more than 50% of the control 60 min after the ischemic event. In the other 3 regions (cerebellum, colliculus sup. + inf., pons + medulla), @entity2 increased toward the control level gradually, and it completely recovered 60 min after recirculation. On the other hand, in @entity0 subjected to 30-min @entity1 , @entity2 in 9 brain regions was reduced to 1.77-26.3% (mean: 9.6%) of that of the control. The post-ischemic hyperperfusion in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and a moderate recovery of @entity2 in the striatum and n.accumb. + olfactory tub. were observed 10 min after the @entity1 . However, @entity2 in these 4 regions remained under the control levels from 20 to 60 min after recirculation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Regional cerebral blood flow in @entity0 with XXXX produced by bilateral vertebral and carotid artery occlusion].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Regional cerebral blood flow ( @entity2 ) was measured prior to, during and after global @entity1 in @entity0 . @entity1 was produced by 10 or 30-min occlusion of both common carotid arteries which was done 24 hr after the permanent electrocauterization of bilateral vertebral arteries. The @entity2 was measured using the radioactive microsphere technique. In @entity0 subjected to 10-min @entity1 , @entity2 in 9 brain regions was reduced to 11.3-54.8% (mean: 26.9%) of that of the sham operated control. Ten min after recirculation, hyperperfusion was observed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum, and a moderate recovery was detected in the n.accumb. + olfactory tub., thalamus and hypothalamus. However, @entity2 in these 6 regions was again decreased 20-30 min later, and it recovered to levels more than 50% of the control 60 min after the ischemic event. In the other 3 regions (cerebellum, colliculus sup. + inf., pons + medulla), @entity2 increased toward the control level gradually, and it completely recovered 60 min after recirculation. On the other hand, in @entity0 subjected to 30-min @entity1 , @entity2 in 9 brain regions was reduced to 1.77-26.3% (mean: 9.6%) of that of the control. The post-ischemic hyperperfusion in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus and a moderate recovery of @entity2 in the striatum and n.accumb. + olfactory tub. were observed 10 min after the @entity1 . However, @entity2 in these 4 regions remained under the control levels from 20 to 60 min after recirculation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Regional cerebral blood flow in XXXX with @entity1 produced by bilateral vertebral and carotid artery occlusion].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Using immunocytochemical methods we have studied the distribution of @entity2 in the anterior and posterior latissimus dorsi skeletal ( @entity1 and PLD, respectively) muscles of the adult @entity0 . The @entity1 muscle is made up of both tonic (85%) and twitch (15%) myofibers, and the PLD muscle is made up entirely of twitch myofibers. In indirect immunofluorescence, antivinculin antibodies stained specific regions adjacent to the sarcolemma of the @entity1 and PLD muscles. In the central and myotendinous regions of the @entity1 , staining of the tonic fibers was intense all around the fiber periphery. Staining of the twitch fibers of both @entity1 and PLD muscles was intense only at neuromuscular junctions and myotendinous regions. Electron microscopy revealed subsarcolemmal, electron-dense plaques associated with the membrane only in those regions where @entity2 was localized by immunofluorescence. Using antivinculin antibody and protein A conjugated to colloidal gold, we found that the electron-dense subsarcolemmal densities in the tonic fibers of the @entity1 contain @entity2 ; no other structures were labeled. The basal lamina overlying the densities appeared to be connected to the sarcolemma by fine, filamentous structures, more enriched at these sites than elsewhere along the muscle fiber. Increased amounts of endomysial connective tissue were often found just outside the basal lamina near the densities. In @entity1 muscle fibers, the subsarcolemmal densities were present preferentially over the I-bands. In partially contracted @entity1 muscle, subsarcolemmal densities adjacent to the Z-disk appeared to be connected to that structure by short filaments. We propose that in the @entity1 muscle, through their association with the extracellular matrix, the densities stabilize the muscle membrane and perhaps assist in force transmission.

title: XXXX in subsarcolemmal densities in @entity0 skeletal muscle: localization and relationship to intracellular and extracellular structures.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Using immunocytochemical methods we have studied the distribution of @entity2 in the anterior and posterior latissimus dorsi skeletal ( @entity1 and PLD, respectively) muscles of the adult @entity0 . The @entity1 muscle is made up of both tonic (85%) and twitch (15%) myofibers, and the PLD muscle is made up entirely of twitch myofibers. In indirect immunofluorescence, antivinculin antibodies stained specific regions adjacent to the sarcolemma of the @entity1 and PLD muscles. In the central and myotendinous regions of the @entity1 , staining of the tonic fibers was intense all around the fiber periphery. Staining of the twitch fibers of both @entity1 and PLD muscles was intense only at neuromuscular junctions and myotendinous regions. Electron microscopy revealed subsarcolemmal, electron-dense plaques associated with the membrane only in those regions where @entity2 was localized by immunofluorescence. Using antivinculin antibody and protein A conjugated to colloidal gold, we found that the electron-dense subsarcolemmal densities in the tonic fibers of the @entity1 contain @entity2 ; no other structures were labeled. The basal lamina overlying the densities appeared to be connected to the sarcolemma by fine, filamentous structures, more enriched at these sites than elsewhere along the muscle fiber. Increased amounts of endomysial connective tissue were often found just outside the basal lamina near the densities. In @entity1 muscle fibers, the subsarcolemmal densities were present preferentially over the I-bands. In partially contracted @entity1 muscle, subsarcolemmal densities adjacent to the Z-disk appeared to be connected to that structure by short filaments. We propose that in the @entity1 muscle, through their association with the extracellular matrix, the densities stabilize the muscle membrane and perhaps assist in force transmission.

title: @entity2 in subsarcolemmal densities in XXXX skeletal muscle: localization and relationship to intracellular and extracellular structures.

answer: @entity0


abstract: From a consecutive series of 451 @entity0 with post-cholecystectomy symptoms referred for @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 40 (9 per cent) were diagnosed as having @entity2 . Eight @entity0 were excluded from the study because of incomplete data (n = 6) or additional diagnoses (n = 2). Thirty of the @entity0 had successful @entity3 and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES); this failed in the remaining two because of severe @entity1 (6.3 per cent). Endoscopic biliary manometry was performed in 23 @entity0 (77 per cent). Immediate post-ES complications occurred in eight @entity0 (25 per cent). At a median follow-up of 46 months (range 10-88 months) 19 @entity0 had a good outcome (63.3 per cent) and 11 @entity0 had a poor outcome (36.7 per cent). @entity0 with a good outcome tended to have a delay of months or years following cholecystectomy before the development of symptoms (median 6 years versus 0 years, P = 0.0003). At @entity3 , @entity0 with a good outcome had greater common bile duct diameters (mean +/- s.d. mm, 12.6 +/- 3.6 versus 8.8 +/- 1.8, P = 0.0003) and delayed drainage from the biliary tree of injected contrast (13 versus 2 @entity0 , P = 0.02). Endoscopic biliary manometry was abnormal in all 15 @entity0 with a good outcome in whom it was performed but in only 3 out of 8 @entity0 with a poor outcome (P = 0.003). @entity2 is an important, albeit uncommon, cause of post-cholecystectomy symptoms. ES provides symptomatic relief in the majority of @entity0 but improved criteria for predicting outcome are required.

title: XXXX : results of treatment by endoscopic sphincterotomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The management of @entity2 is a controversial subject and the treatment recommended varies from one extreme to the other. Some authorities advise simply waiting for chronic @entity5 to 'burn out', while others practise removal of the entire gland. In this paper we present 141 @entity0 who underwent surgery for chronic @entity5 at the Mayo Clinic. The main indication for operation was @entity2 and the choice of operation was based on anatomical abnormalities in the gland. The long-term results of the policy are reviewed (mean follow-up 8.5 years). Length of history, @entity1 , @entity4 and pathology, time after operation and continued @entity3 abuse were computer analysed for a statistically significant influence on @entity2 relief, ability to work, pancreatic function and survival. There was one operative death (mortality rate 0.7 per cent). Continued drinking was not shown to affect postoperative @entity2 relief but 10-year survival was significantly less in alcoholics than in those with non-alcoholic @entity5 (P less than 0.02). Dilated ducts and duct calculi were associated with good results for @entity2 relief although this association did not achieve statistical significance. Parenchymal calcification and time after operation did not influence the results of surgery. When the operation failed to relieve @entity2 , spontaneous remission occurred in a few cases only. Seventy-seven per cent of @entity0 had lasting relief of @entity2 and operations selected on the basis of gross pathology were equally effective in relieving @entity2 . Longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy in those with dilated ducts and a Whipple operation for disease of the pancreatic head gave good results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Surgical management of chronic XXXX : long-term results in 141 @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The management of @entity2 is a controversial subject and the treatment recommended varies from one extreme to the other. Some authorities advise simply waiting for chronic @entity5 to 'burn out', while others practise removal of the entire gland. In this paper we present 141 @entity0 who underwent surgery for chronic @entity5 at the Mayo Clinic. The main indication for operation was @entity2 and the choice of operation was based on anatomical abnormalities in the gland. The long-term results of the policy are reviewed (mean follow-up 8.5 years). Length of history, @entity1 , @entity4 and pathology, time after operation and continued @entity3 abuse were computer analysed for a statistically significant influence on @entity2 relief, ability to work, pancreatic function and survival. There was one operative death (mortality rate 0.7 per cent). Continued drinking was not shown to affect postoperative @entity2 relief but 10-year survival was significantly less in alcoholics than in those with non-alcoholic @entity5 (P less than 0.02). Dilated ducts and duct calculi were associated with good results for @entity2 relief although this association did not achieve statistical significance. Parenchymal calcification and time after operation did not influence the results of surgery. When the operation failed to relieve @entity2 , spontaneous remission occurred in a few cases only. Seventy-seven per cent of @entity0 had lasting relief of @entity2 and operations selected on the basis of gross pathology were equally effective in relieving @entity2 . Longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy in those with dilated ducts and a Whipple operation for disease of the pancreatic head gave good results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Surgical management of chronic @entity5 : long-term results in 141 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In sub-Saharan Africa, the use of @entity4 rapid diagnostic tests (mRDT) has raised awareness of alternative @entity2 causes in @entity0 but few studies have included adults. To address this gap, we conducted a study of mRDT-negative @entity2 aetiologies among @entity0 and adults in Tanzania. METHODS: A total of 1028 @entity0 aged 3 months to 50 years with a @entity2 and negative mRDT were enrolled from a Tanzanian hospital outpatient department. All had a physical examination and cultures from blood, nasopharynx/throat and urine. @entity0 were followed on Days 7 and 14 and @entity0 meeting WHO criteria for @entity1 were followed on Day 2 with chest radiology. RESULTS: Respiratory symptoms were the most frequent presenting complaint, reported by 20.3% of adults and 64.0% (339/530) of @entity0 . Of 38 X-rayed @entity0 meeting WHO @entity1 criteria, 47.4% had a normal X-ray. Overall, only 1.3% of 1028 blood cultures were positive. @entity6 was the most prevalent pathogen isolated (7/13, 53.8%) and @entity6 @entity0 reported @entity2 for a median of 7 days (range 2-14). @entity0 with @entity5 did not present with WHO symptoms requiring antibiotic treatment. Young @entity0 and adults had similar prevalences of positive urine cultures (24/428 and 29/498, respectively). CONCLUSION: Few outpatient fevers are caused by blood stream @entity7 would be identified by current clinical guidelines although paediatric @entity5 may be more difficult to diagnose. While @entity1 may be overdiagnosed, @entity3 was relatively common. Our results emphasise the difficulty in identifying African @entity0 in need of antibiotics among the majority who do not.

title: Causes of non-malarial XXXX in outpatients in Tanzania.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Preoperative corticosteroids and chemotherapy are frequently prescribed for @entity0 undergoing cranial neurosurgery but may pose a risk of @entity2 . @entity2 (SSIs) have significant morbidity and mortality, dramatically increase the length and cost of hospitalization, and are a major cause of 30-day readmission. In @entity0 undergoing cranial neurosurgery, there is a lack of data on the role of @entity0 -specific risk factors in the development of SSIs. The authors of this study sought to determine whether chemotherapy and prolonged @entity5 use before surgery increase the risk of an SSI at postoperative Day 30. METHODS Using the national prospectively collected American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database for 2006-2012, the authors calculated the rates of superficial, deep-incisional, and organ-space SSIs at postoperative Day 30 for neurosurgery @entity0 who had undergone chemotherapy or had significant @entity5 use within 30 days before undergoing cranial surgery. @entity3 @entity0 , @entity0 younger than 18 years, and @entity0 with a preoperative @entity4 were excluded. Univariate analysis was performed for 25 variables considered risk factors for superficial and organ-space SSIs. To identify independent predictors of SSIs, the authors then conducted a multivariate analysis in which they controlled for duration of operation, wound class, white blood cell count, and other potential confounders that were significant on the univariate analysis. RESULTS A total of 8215 @entity0 who had undergone cranial surgery were identified. There were 158 SSIs at 30 days (frequency 1.92%), of which 52 were superficial, 27 were deep-incisional, and 79 were organ-space @entity4 . Preoperative chemotherapy was an independent predictor of organ-space SSIs in the multivariate model (OR 5.20, 95% CI 2.33-11.62, p < 0.0001), as was corticosteroid use (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.03-3.37, p = 0.04), but neither was a predictor of superficial or deep-incisional SSIs. Other independent predictors of organ-space SSIs were longer duration of operation (OR 1.16), wound class of >=  2 (clean-contaminated and further contaminated) (OR 3.17), and morbid @entity1 (body mass index >=  40 kg/m(2)) (OR 3.05). Among superficial SSIs, wound class of 3 (contaminated) (OR 6.89), operative duration (OR 1.13), and infratentorial surgical approach (OR 2.20) were predictors. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative chemotherapy and corticosteroid use are independent predictors of organ-space SSIs, even when data are controlled for @entity6 . This indicates that the disease process in organ-space SSIs may differ from that in superficial SSIs. In effect, this study provides one of the largest analyses of risk factors for SSIs after cranial surgery. The results suggest that, in certain circumstances, modulation of preoperative chemotherapy or @entity5 regimens may reduce the risk of organ-space SSIs and should be considered in the preoperative care of this population. Future studies are needed to determine optimal timing and dosing of these medications.

title: Preoperative chemotherapy and corticosteroids: independent predictors of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the epidemiology of @entity4 in Japan. Additional information is needed about its clinical characteristics and the factors associated with complications of @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to determine the clinical characteristics of @entity4 and factors associated with its complications in Japanese @entity0 . DESIGN: This was a retrospective, multicenter, large-scale, cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: All of the consecutive @entity0 in 21 Japanese hospitals with a final diagnosis of acute @entity5 were included in this study. @entity0 : A total of 1112 @entity0 , including 658 @entity0 and 454 @entity0 , with a mean age of 54.8 years, who were diagnosed by CT and/or ultrasonography between January 2006 and May 2011, were included in this study. INTERVENTIONS: Data on medical history, investigations, treatments, and prognosis were collected using a standard form to create a dedicated database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clarification of the clinical characteristics of Japanese @entity0 with acute @entity4 was the main outcome measured. RESULTS: @entity4 was detected mainly in @entity0 and @entity0 aged 40 to 60 years. Although @entity4 more frequently affected the right colon (70.1%), @entity4 of the left colon was significantly more frequent (61.0%) in elderly @entity0 . Of the 1112 @entity0 with @entity4 , 179 (16.1%) developed complications, including abscess formation, perforation, @entity3 , and/or @entity2 , some of which required surgical treatment, such as drainage or colonic resection. The duration of hospitalization (24.1        19.5 days) and mortality rate (2.8%) were significantly higher in @entity0 with versus without complications. Factors associated with complications were @entity1 (>38.5  C), involvement of the left colon, higher age, and delayed diagnosis. LIMITATIONS: Limitations included the nonconsideration of @entity4 treatment, the effect of dietary fiber, and the retrospective design of the study. CONCLUSIONS: Complications were more frequent in elderly @entity0 with left-sided @entity4 , although @entity4 was more common in middle-aged @entity0 and on the right side of the colon. Factors associated with complications were @entity1 , site of involvement, older age, and longer time until diagnosis.

title: Characteristics of XXXX and Factors Associated With Complications: A Japanese Multicenter, Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) on @entity1 , function, and grip strength in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 unresponsive to previous treatments. DESIGN: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in outpatient clinics in a medical faculty hospital. Fifty-six @entity0 with @entity2 were randomized to rESWT (n = 28) or sham rESWT (n = 28) groups. Both the @entity0 and the outcome assessing investigator were blinded to group assignment. The rESWT was administered to the @entity1 epicondyle at the elbow with a total of 2000 pulses of 10 Hz frequency at a 1.8 bar of air pressure at each session at three once weekly sessions. Sham rESWT was applied without the contact of the applicator at the same area. Study @entity0 were assessed at baseline and at 1 and 3 mos after treatment using a visual analog scale for @entity1 and Roles and Maudsley scale and @entity0 -Rated @entity2 for @entity1 and function. Grip strength of the affected extremity was also measured using a hand dynamometer. RESULTS: Both rESWT and sham rESWT groups showed a significant improvement in all outcome measures at posttreatment follow-up points. Favorable absolute and percentage changes in assessments at 1- and 3-mo posttreatment did not show any significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The rESWT does not seem to be more effective either in reducing @entity1 or improving function or grip strength in @entity0 with @entity2 at least at 3 mos after treatment when compared with sham rESWT.

title: Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Is Not More Effective Than Placebo in the Management of XXXX : A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a rare aggressive @entity1 associated with @entity2 exposure. The possible role of genetic factors has also been suggested and @entity3 has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of xenobiotic and oxidative metabolism enzymes. We have identified an association of the DNA repair gene @entity6 with @entity3 in the population of Casale Monferrato, a town exposed to high @entity2 pollution. To extend this observation we examined 35 SNPs in 15 genes that could be involved in @entity3 carcinogenicity in 220 @entity3 @entity0 and 296 controls from two case-control studies conducted in Casale (151 @entity0 , 252 controls) and Turin (69 @entity0 , 44 controls), respectively. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Two DNA repair genes were associated with @entity3 , i.e. @entity6 and @entity4 . Considering @entity2 -exposed only, the risk increased with the increasing number of @entity6 -399Q alleles (Casale: OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.02-2.03; Casale+Turin: OR=1.34, 95%CI 0.98-1.84) or @entity6 -77T alleles (Casale+Turin: OR=1.33, 95%CI 0.97-1.81). The @entity6 -TGGGGGAACAGA haplotype was significantly associated with @entity3 (Casale: OR=1.76, 95%CI 1.04-2.96). @entity0 heterozygotes for @entity4 @entity5 showed an increased OR in all subjects (OR=1.66, 95%CI 1.06-2.60) and in @entity2 -exposed only (OR=1.59, 95%CI 1.01-2.50). When the dominant model was considered (i.e. @entity4 heterozygotes CT plus homozygotes CC versus homozygotes TT) the risk was statistically significant both in all subjects (OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.06-2.47) and in @entity2 -exposed only (OR=1.56, 95%CI 1.02-2.40). The combination of @entity4 @entity5 and @entity6 @entity7 was statistically significant (Casale: OR=2.02, 95%CI 1.01-4.05; Casale+Turin: OR=2.39, 95%CI 1.29-4.43). The association of @entity3 with DNA repair genes support the hypothesis that an increased susceptibility to DNA damage may favour @entity2 .

title: @entity6 and XXXX variants modify malignant mesothelioma risk: a case-control study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a rare aggressive @entity1 associated with @entity2 exposure. The possible role of genetic factors has also been suggested and @entity3 has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of xenobiotic and oxidative metabolism enzymes. We have identified an association of the DNA repair gene @entity6 with @entity3 in the population of Casale Monferrato, a town exposed to high @entity2 pollution. To extend this observation we examined 35 SNPs in 15 genes that could be involved in @entity3 carcinogenicity in 220 @entity3 @entity0 and 296 controls from two case-control studies conducted in Casale (151 @entity0 , 252 controls) and Turin (69 @entity0 , 44 controls), respectively. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Two DNA repair genes were associated with @entity3 , i.e. @entity6 and @entity4 . Considering @entity2 -exposed only, the risk increased with the increasing number of @entity6 -399Q alleles (Casale: OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.02-2.03; Casale+Turin: OR=1.34, 95%CI 0.98-1.84) or @entity6 -77T alleles (Casale+Turin: OR=1.33, 95%CI 0.97-1.81). The @entity6 -TGGGGGAACAGA haplotype was significantly associated with @entity3 (Casale: OR=1.76, 95%CI 1.04-2.96). @entity0 heterozygotes for @entity4 @entity5 showed an increased OR in all subjects (OR=1.66, 95%CI 1.06-2.60) and in @entity2 -exposed only (OR=1.59, 95%CI 1.01-2.50). When the dominant model was considered (i.e. @entity4 heterozygotes CT plus homozygotes CC versus homozygotes TT) the risk was statistically significant both in all subjects (OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.06-2.47) and in @entity2 -exposed only (OR=1.56, 95%CI 1.02-2.40). The combination of @entity4 @entity5 and @entity6 @entity7 was statistically significant (Casale: OR=2.02, 95%CI 1.01-4.05; Casale+Turin: OR=2.39, 95%CI 1.29-4.43). The association of @entity3 with DNA repair genes support the hypothesis that an increased susceptibility to DNA damage may favour @entity2 .

title: XXXX and @entity4 variants modify malignant mesothelioma risk: a case-control study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity0 is the term used to describe damage caused by chemotherapy to mucous membranes of the alimentary tract. RT-PCR has recently been utilised to determine the molecular events that occur in @entity0 . As this method relies on the use of a validated endogenous control, this study aims to validate commonly used housekeeping genes in an @entity3 -induced @entity0 model. METHODS: @entity1 were administered @entity3 and sacrificed at different time points, in particular 1, 24, 72 and 144 h following treatment. Histopathological damage was assessed by @entity4 and @entity2 staining. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of 11 housekeeping genes. Expression stability was determined by the Normfinder program. @entity5 was used as a target gene to validate the appropriateness of the top-ranking housekeeping gene. RESULTS: For normalisation to multiple housekeeping genes, the most stable combination across all time points in the jejunum was @entity7 / @entity6 and in the colon @entity6 /b-actin. @entity8 and GAPDH were the most variable genes in the jejunum and colon where they were 4.4 and 3.2 fold upregulated following @entity3 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: For normalisation of @entity3 -induced @entity0 gene expression studies, a combination of @entity7 / @entity6 and @entity6 /b-actin should be used in the jejunum and colon, respectively. @entity6 is the most favourable if restricted to a single housekeeping gene across all time points.

title: Selection of housekeeping genes for gene expression studies in a @entity1 model of @entity3 -induced XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity0 is the term used to describe damage caused by chemotherapy to mucous membranes of the alimentary tract. RT-PCR has recently been utilised to determine the molecular events that occur in @entity0 . As this method relies on the use of a validated endogenous control, this study aims to validate commonly used housekeeping genes in an @entity3 -induced @entity0 model. METHODS: @entity1 were administered @entity3 and sacrificed at different time points, in particular 1, 24, 72 and 144 h following treatment. Histopathological damage was assessed by @entity4 and @entity2 staining. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of 11 housekeeping genes. Expression stability was determined by the Normfinder program. @entity5 was used as a target gene to validate the appropriateness of the top-ranking housekeeping gene. RESULTS: For normalisation to multiple housekeeping genes, the most stable combination across all time points in the jejunum was @entity7 / @entity6 and in the colon @entity6 /b-actin. @entity8 and GAPDH were the most variable genes in the jejunum and colon where they were 4.4 and 3.2 fold upregulated following @entity3 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: For normalisation of @entity3 -induced @entity0 gene expression studies, a combination of @entity7 / @entity6 and @entity6 /b-actin should be used in the jejunum and colon, respectively. @entity6 is the most favourable if restricted to a single housekeeping gene across all time points.

title: Selection of housekeeping genes for gene expression studies in a @entity1 model of XXXX -induced @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity0 is the term used to describe damage caused by chemotherapy to mucous membranes of the alimentary tract. RT-PCR has recently been utilised to determine the molecular events that occur in @entity0 . As this method relies on the use of a validated endogenous control, this study aims to validate commonly used housekeeping genes in an @entity3 -induced @entity0 model. METHODS: @entity1 were administered @entity3 and sacrificed at different time points, in particular 1, 24, 72 and 144 h following treatment. Histopathological damage was assessed by @entity4 and @entity2 staining. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of 11 housekeeping genes. Expression stability was determined by the Normfinder program. @entity5 was used as a target gene to validate the appropriateness of the top-ranking housekeeping gene. RESULTS: For normalisation to multiple housekeeping genes, the most stable combination across all time points in the jejunum was @entity7 / @entity6 and in the colon @entity6 /b-actin. @entity8 and GAPDH were the most variable genes in the jejunum and colon where they were 4.4 and 3.2 fold upregulated following @entity3 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: For normalisation of @entity3 -induced @entity0 gene expression studies, a combination of @entity7 / @entity6 and @entity6 /b-actin should be used in the jejunum and colon, respectively. @entity6 is the most favourable if restricted to a single housekeeping gene across all time points.

title: Selection of housekeeping genes for gene expression studies in a XXXX model of @entity3 -induced @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Individuals manifesting high maximal @entity0 consumption (VO2max) have augmented adrenal responsivity to physical stress. We subjected 17 males representing a wide range of VO2max to cognitive stress and measured their forearm venous plasma @entity4 , @entity3 , and @entity2 responses. Six repeated blood samples were collected at resting, stress, and recovery intervals. Significant increases were observed for @entity4 (X +/- SD; rest, 50 +/- 30; stress, 81 +/- 77 pg/ml; p less than or equal to 0.05) and @entity3 (rest, 404 +/- 235; stress, 481 +/- 314 pg/ml; p less than or equal to 0.05). @entity2 changes were not significant. A positive association (r = 0.54; p less than or equal to 0.05) was observed between @entity4 and VO2max during the first collection of the stress period. An inverse association (r = 0.49; p less than or equal to 0.05) was present between VO2max and @entity3 . No significant correlations occurred with @entity2 . These results indicate that enhanced @entity1 is characterized by augmented @entity4 responsivity to cognitive stress. This association exists in the presence of an inverse relationship between plasma free @entity3 response and VO2max.

title: XXXX and selected adrenal hormone responses to cognitive stress.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Integrins are transmembrane receptors that modulate cell adhesion. Each is a heterodimer of varying alpha and beta subunits. In @entity3 , loss of integrin expression may result in less adhesive cells more likely to @entity2 . Our aim was to characterize the integrins in @entity1 breast tissue and to examine the relationship between integrin expression and nodal @entity2 in @entity0 . METHODS: Cryostat sections from 12 benign and 61 malignant (50 ductal and 11 lobular) samples were stained by the avidin- @entity5 complex method with monoclonal antibodies to the beta 1, beta 3, beta 4, and @entity6 subfamilies. All slides were read by two independent assessors with consensus agreement. Integrin expression was compared to variables by using the chi-squared test with Yates' correction and multivariate analysis based on logistic regression. RESULTS: All integrin subunits studied were significantly reduced on @entity0 compared with benign cells (chi-squared test) but were not related to @entity3 differentiation. Loss of alpha 1 beta 1, alpha 2 beta 1, alpha 3 beta 1, alpha 6 beta 1, alpha v beta 1, and @entity6 were related to the presence of axillary @entity2 . Independently the integrins were of limited clinical value as predictors of axillary spread. However, on multivariate analysis the combination of beta 1, alpha v, alpha 1, @entity3 size, and vascular invasion gave a cumulative overall accuracy in predicting @entity4 of 97%. CONCLUSIONS: Integrin expression is reduced in @entity0 and may explain @entity3 progression. Measuring the integrins might thus provide a means of selection for aggressive axillary treatment.

title: Integrin expression in primary XXXX and its relation to axillary nodal status.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Based on the literature and on our own experience from a follow-up study of all @entity2 @entity0 in a defined population, the epidemiology, course and social economic aspects of the diseases are discussed. The incidence of @entity4 has shown geographical differences with a stable incidence in Stockholm, Cardiff, the United Kingdom and Copenhagen compared to a remarkable increase in incidence in Iceland, Faroe islands, Norway, Scotland and North Tees since 1970. For @entity3 there has been an overall increase in incidence in all studies with a tendency towards a plateau in recent years in some areas. The prevalence of @entity4 in 1978 was 117/10(5) and for @entity3 34/10(5) in Copenhagen county. The survival of the @entity0 did not differ from that of the background except for a small excess mortality in elderly @entity0 with @entity4 within the first 2 years with the disease. 10% of @entity0 with @entity4 were colectomized within 1 year and 23% within 10 years. 55% of @entity0 with @entity3 were operated on within 10 years, 11% two or more times. The number of @entity0 in complete remission for 10 years after the initial attack is practically zero. 90% of @entity0 with @entity4 and about 80% with @entity3 have full work capacity. The risk of @entity1 is 1.4% in @entity4 after 18 years (e.g. twice the risk in the background population) and is markedly lower than in previous reports. In @entity3 no increased risk of @entity1 was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Epidemiology, course and socio-economic influence of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect a novel formulation of @entity5 cream on skin barrier function in subjects with @entity4 . DESIGN: The authors performed an open-label, investigator-blinded, side-by-side, controlled trial examining skin barrier function before and after a two-week course of a class I, super-potent topical steroid. SETTING: Outpatient university-based dermatology clinic in Portland, OR. SUBJECTS: Twenty-five subjects aged 12 or older with a diagnosis of moderate, severe, or very severe @entity2 were recruited for this study. INTERVENTION: @entity5 0.1% cream, a novel formulation of a class I super-potent topical @entity1 was applied to all affected areas, except a control site, once daily for two weeks or until clear. The control target site was treated with the vehicle once daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The study's primary outcome was change in skin barrier function as measured by basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in acute lesional skin from baseline as measured at two weeks. RESULTS: TEWL readings significantly decreased (reflecting improved barrier function) in both the active and control target sites. The active target site decreased 14.35+/-16 mg/cm2 per hour; 95 percent confidence interval, P<0.001. The control target site decreased 8.75+/-11.80 mg/cm2 per hour in 25 subjects; 95 percent confidence interval, P<0.001. Skin electrical capacitance also improved significantly, reflecting improved stratum corneum hydration with therapy. @entity0 , clinical severity, and quality of life scores all showed significant improvement by the end of the study. CONCLUSION: The authors have shown that short-term treatment with a novel formulation of 0.1% @entity5 led to significantly improved barrier function as measured by basal TEWL in subjects with active moderate to severe @entity2 . These data suggest short-term treatment with @entity2 with a super-potent @entity3 improves skin barrier function.

title: Effects of a novel formulation of XXXX 0.1% cream on skin barrier function in @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect a novel formulation of @entity5 cream on skin barrier function in subjects with @entity4 . DESIGN: The authors performed an open-label, investigator-blinded, side-by-side, controlled trial examining skin barrier function before and after a two-week course of a class I, super-potent topical steroid. SETTING: Outpatient university-based dermatology clinic in Portland, OR. SUBJECTS: Twenty-five subjects aged 12 or older with a diagnosis of moderate, severe, or very severe @entity2 were recruited for this study. INTERVENTION: @entity5 0.1% cream, a novel formulation of a class I super-potent topical @entity1 was applied to all affected areas, except a control site, once daily for two weeks or until clear. The control target site was treated with the vehicle once daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The study's primary outcome was change in skin barrier function as measured by basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in acute lesional skin from baseline as measured at two weeks. RESULTS: TEWL readings significantly decreased (reflecting improved barrier function) in both the active and control target sites. The active target site decreased 14.35+/-16 mg/cm2 per hour; 95 percent confidence interval, P<0.001. The control target site decreased 8.75+/-11.80 mg/cm2 per hour in 25 subjects; 95 percent confidence interval, P<0.001. Skin electrical capacitance also improved significantly, reflecting improved stratum corneum hydration with therapy. @entity0 , clinical severity, and quality of life scores all showed significant improvement by the end of the study. CONCLUSION: The authors have shown that short-term treatment with a novel formulation of 0.1% @entity5 led to significantly improved barrier function as measured by basal TEWL in subjects with active moderate to severe @entity2 . These data suggest short-term treatment with @entity2 with a super-potent @entity3 improves skin barrier function.

title: Effects of a novel formulation of @entity5 0.1% cream on skin barrier function in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cellular immune suppression is observed in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and contributes to poor prognosis. Restoration of immune homeostasis may require primary cell-derived cytokines at physiologic doses. An immunotherapy regimen containing a biologic, with multiple-active cytokine components, and administered with cytoxan, @entity4 , and @entity7 was developed to modulate cellular immunity. METHODS: Study methods were designed to determine the safety and efficacy of a 21-day neoadjuvant immunotherapy regimen in a phase 2 trial that enrolled 27 therapy-na  ve @entity0 with stage II to IVa @entity2 . Methods included safety, clinical and radiologic @entity1 response, disease-free survival (DFS), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and @entity1 @entity6 ( @entity6 ) data collection. RESULTS: Acute @entity3 was minimal. @entity0 completed neoadjuvant treatment without surgical delay. By independent radiographic review, 83% had stable disease during treatment. @entity5 was 92%, 73%, and 69% at 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Histologic analysis suggested correlation between survival and @entity1 @entity6 . CONCLUSION: Immunotherapy regimen was tolerated. Survival results are encouraging.

title: Novel neoadjuvant immunotherapy regimen safety and survival in XXXX .

answer: @entity2