abstract: BACKGROUND: Predicting which @entity0 will develop nodal metastasis from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) remains difficult. This study evaluates a recently described histological risk model validated for mucosal @entity3 ( @entity3 ) when applied to cutaneous @entity2 . In this model, morphologic variables including worst pattern of invasion, lymphocytic host response and perineural invasion were shown to predict disease recurrence, loco regional recurrence and overall survival in mucosal @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity4 and known metastatic spread were identified from the author's database over a 5-year period between July 2007 and July 2012. Histology specimens from the original primary @entity2 were separately analysed by 2 histopathologists. Scores were compared against T-Stage matched control specimens without metastatic spread. RESULTS: 27 @entity0 with metastatic @entity4 were identified. Scores for worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) were significantly higher in individuals with lymph node @entity1 (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Adverse pattern of invasion, defined as presence of small @entity2 islands or @entity2 satellites may be an independent risk factor for developing nodal @entity1 in @entity4 . These @entity2 are difficult to investigate histopathologically as it is difficult to be confident the correct primary is chosen for study.

title: Predicting lymph node @entity1 in XXXX : use of a morphological scoring system.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Predicting which @entity0 will develop nodal metastasis from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) remains difficult. This study evaluates a recently described histological risk model validated for mucosal @entity3 ( @entity3 ) when applied to cutaneous @entity2 . In this model, morphologic variables including worst pattern of invasion, lymphocytic host response and perineural invasion were shown to predict disease recurrence, loco regional recurrence and overall survival in mucosal @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity4 and known metastatic spread were identified from the author's database over a 5-year period between July 2007 and July 2012. Histology specimens from the original primary @entity2 were separately analysed by 2 histopathologists. Scores were compared against T-Stage matched control specimens without metastatic spread. RESULTS: 27 @entity0 with metastatic @entity4 were identified. Scores for worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) were significantly higher in individuals with lymph node @entity1 (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Adverse pattern of invasion, defined as presence of small @entity2 islands or @entity2 satellites may be an independent risk factor for developing nodal @entity1 in @entity4 . These @entity2 are difficult to investigate histopathologically as it is difficult to be confident the correct primary is chosen for study.

title: Predicting lymph node XXXX in @entity4 : use of a morphological scoring system.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Movement atypicalities in speed, coordination, posture, and gait have been observed across the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and atypicalities in coordination are more commonly observed in @entity1 individuals without delayed speech (DSM-IV Asperger) than in those with atypical or delayed speech onset. However, few studies have provided quantitative data to support these mostly clinical observations. Here, we compared perceptual and motor performance between 30 typically developing and @entity1 individuals (21 with @entity4 and 18 without @entity4 ) to examine the associations between limb movement control and atypical speech development. Groups were matched for age, intelligence, and sex. The experimental design included: an inspection time task, which measures visual processing speed; the Purdue Pegboard, which measures finger dexterity, bimanual performance, and @entity2 ; the Annett Peg Moving Task, which measures unimanual goal-directed arm movement; and a simple reaction time task. We used analysis of covariance to investigate group differences in task performance and linear regression models to explore potential associations between intelligence, language skills, simple reaction time, and visually guided movement performance. @entity1 @entity0 without @entity4 performed slower than typical @entity0 in the Purdue Pegboard subtests. @entity1 @entity0 without @entity4 showed poorer bimanual coordination than those with @entity4 . Visual processing speed was slightly faster in both @entity1 groups than in the typical group. Altogether, these results suggest that @entity1 individuals with and without @entity4 differ in visually guided and visually triggered behavior and show that early language skills are associated with slower movement in simple and complex motor tasks. @entity3 Res 2015.    2015 The Authors @entity3 Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for @entity3 Research.

title: Comparing Motor Skills in XXXX Spectrum Individuals With and Without @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Movement atypicalities in speed, coordination, posture, and gait have been observed across the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and atypicalities in coordination are more commonly observed in @entity1 individuals without delayed speech (DSM-IV Asperger) than in those with atypical or delayed speech onset. However, few studies have provided quantitative data to support these mostly clinical observations. Here, we compared perceptual and motor performance between 30 typically developing and @entity1 individuals (21 with @entity4 and 18 without @entity4 ) to examine the associations between limb movement control and atypical speech development. Groups were matched for age, intelligence, and sex. The experimental design included: an inspection time task, which measures visual processing speed; the Purdue Pegboard, which measures finger dexterity, bimanual performance, and @entity2 ; the Annett Peg Moving Task, which measures unimanual goal-directed arm movement; and a simple reaction time task. We used analysis of covariance to investigate group differences in task performance and linear regression models to explore potential associations between intelligence, language skills, simple reaction time, and visually guided movement performance. @entity1 @entity0 without @entity4 performed slower than typical @entity0 in the Purdue Pegboard subtests. @entity1 @entity0 without @entity4 showed poorer bimanual coordination than those with @entity4 . Visual processing speed was slightly faster in both @entity1 groups than in the typical group. Altogether, these results suggest that @entity1 individuals with and without @entity4 differ in visually guided and visually triggered behavior and show that early language skills are associated with slower movement in simple and complex motor tasks. @entity3 Res 2015.    2015 The Authors @entity3 Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for @entity3 Research.

title: Comparing Motor Skills in @entity3 Spectrum Individuals With and Without XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 is a @entity2 characterized by the presence of motor and vocal tics. We hypothesized that @entity0 with this syndrome would present an aberrant pattern of cortical formation, which could potentially reflect global alterations of brain development. Using 3 Tesla structural neuroimaging, we compared sulcal depth, opening, and length and thickness of sulcal gray matter in 52 adult @entity0 and 52 matched controls. Cortical sulci were automatically reconstructed and identified over the whole brain, using BrainVisa software. We focused on frontal, parietal, and temporal cortical regions, in which abnormal structure and functional activity were identified in previous neuroimaging studies. Partial correlation analysis with age, sex, and treatment as covariables of noninterest was performed amongst relevant clinical and neuroimaging variables in @entity0 . @entity0 with @entity5 showed @entity1 and reduced thickness of gray matter in the pre- and post-central as well as superior, inferior, and internal frontal sulci. In @entity0 with associated @entity4 , additional structural changes were found in temporal, insular, and olfactory sulci. Crucially, severity of tics and of @entity4 measured by Yale Global Tic severity scale and Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive scale, respectively, correlated with structural sulcal changes in sensorimotor, temporal, dorsolateral prefrontal, and middle cingulate cortical areas. @entity0 with @entity5 displayed an abnormal structural pattern of cortical sulci, which correlated with severity of clinical symptoms. Our results provide further evidence of abnormal brain development in GTS.    2015 International Parkinson and @entity3 Society.

title: Altered structure of cortical sulci in XXXX : Further support for abnormal brain development.

answer: @entity5


abstract: We determined the efficacy of a devitalised autograft (n = 13) and allograft (n = 16) cortical strut bone graft combined with long-stem endoprosthetic reconstruction in the treatment of massive @entity1 of the lower limb. A total of 29 @entity0 (18 @entity0 :11 @entity0 , mean age 20.1 years (12 to 45) with a ratio of length of resection to that of the whole prosthesis of > 50% were treated between May 2003 and May 2012. The mean follow-up was 47 months (15 to 132). The stem of the prosthesis was introduced through bone graft struts filled with cement, then cemented into the residual bone. Bone healing was achieved in 23 @entity0 (86%). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumour Society functional score was 85% (57 to 97). The five-year survival rate of the endoprostheses was 81% (95% confidence intervals 67.3 to 92.3). The mean length of devitalised autografts and allografts was 8.6 cm (5 to 15), which increased the ratio of the the length of the stem of the prosthesis to that of the whole length of the prosthesis from a theoretical 35% to an actual 55%. Cortical strut bone grafting and long-stem endoprosthetic reconstruction is an option for treating @entity2 following resection of a @entity1 in the lower limb. @entity0 can regain good function with a low incidence of @entity3 . The strut graft and the residual bone together serve as a satisfactory bony environment for a revision prosthesis, if required, once union is achieved. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:544-9.

title: Cortical strut bone grafting and long-stem endoprosthetic reconstruction following massive XXXX resection in the lower limb.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cryoablation is therapeutically applied for various disorders in several organs, and @entity5 are typical targets as this cryotherapy has been widely used for viral warts, @entity0 , and @entity9 . The main mechanisms of cryoablation consist of direct freezing effect on skin constituents, @entity6 formation in microcirculation, and subsequent immunological responses. Among them, however, the immunological mechanism remains unelucidated, and it is an issue how the @entity4 induces immunological consequences. We established a @entity1 cryoablation model with liquid @entity8 applied to the shaved back skin, and used this system to study the immunological excitement. After application of liquid @entity8 , the thermal decrease ratio was -25  C/sec or less and the lowest temperature was less than -100  C, which was sufficient to induce @entity7 . Destruction of cornified layer and @entity2 of epidermal cells were observed in transmission electron microscopy image, and increased transepidermal water loss and skin permeability were detected by the functional measurements. By flow cytometry, antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs), including PDCA1+B220+ @entity11 - plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and @entity12 + myeloid DCs, as well as neutrophils and macrophages were increased in subcutaneous tissue. In parallel, the mRNA expressions of interferon a1 which are known as pDC-producing cytokines, was elevated. We also found marked degranulation of mast cells, providing a possibility that released @entity3 attracts pDCs. Finally, @entity10 migration assay revealed that pDCs and @entity12 + DCs emigrated from the cryoablated skin to the draining lymph nodes. Our study suggests that cryoablation induces destruction of the barrier/epidermis, accumulation of pDCs and @entity12 + DCs to the skin, and migration of DCs to regional lymph nodes. Viral elements or @entity0 cell lysates released from damaged keratinocytes may stimulate the DCs, thereby leading to antiviral or antitumor effect.

title: Structural and Immunological Effects of Skin Cryoablation in a XXXX Model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 receptor (ER) analyses are widely used in the management of @entity1 with @entity0 . Few data are available concerning variations in ER as a function of time and therapy. We examined @entity1 in whom multiple biopsies and receptor analyses were either performed simultaneously or over time with or without intervening chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. In 27 @entity1 with simultaneous assays from different metastatic sites, concordant results were obtained in 23 (85%) with respect to classifying a @entity2 as ER+ or ER-. In 34 @entity1 , multiple assays were performed over time. The receptor concentrations were concordant in @entity1 receiving no intervening therapy. In 10 @entity1 receiving hormonal therapy, the median receptor concentration changed from 66 femtomoles per mg cytoplasmic protein pretherapy to 8 femtomoles post therapy (P less than 0.05). This change suggested that hormonal therapy selectively eliminates ER+ cells. In 19 @entity1 receiving intervening chemotherapy, the median receptor concentrations pre and post therapy were similar. We conclude that simultaneous assays from multiple metastatic sites are highly concordant and unlikely to change over time without intervening therapy, but marked changes occur following therapy with a decrease in receptor concentration after endocrine therapy.

title: Changes in multiple or sequential XXXX receptor determinations in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 receptor (ER) analyses are widely used in the management of @entity1 with @entity0 . Few data are available concerning variations in ER as a function of time and therapy. We examined @entity1 in whom multiple biopsies and receptor analyses were either performed simultaneously or over time with or without intervening chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. In 27 @entity1 with simultaneous assays from different metastatic sites, concordant results were obtained in 23 (85%) with respect to classifying a @entity2 as ER+ or ER-. In 34 @entity1 , multiple assays were performed over time. The receptor concentrations were concordant in @entity1 receiving no intervening therapy. In 10 @entity1 receiving hormonal therapy, the median receptor concentration changed from 66 femtomoles per mg cytoplasmic protein pretherapy to 8 femtomoles post therapy (P less than 0.05). This change suggested that hormonal therapy selectively eliminates ER+ cells. In 19 @entity1 receiving intervening chemotherapy, the median receptor concentrations pre and post therapy were similar. We conclude that simultaneous assays from multiple metastatic sites are highly concordant and unlikely to change over time without intervening therapy, but marked changes occur following therapy with a decrease in receptor concentration after endocrine therapy.

title: Changes in multiple or sequential @entity3 receptor determinations in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity6 mustard (melphalan) induced a time- and concentration-dependent arrest of cycling RPMI 6410 cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle as evidenced by flow cytofluorometry. A melphalan exposure of 1 microgram/ml for 1 hr caused a temporary G2 blockage which was overcome by 48 hr. Higher concentrations or longer exposures lead to irreversible blockages. Melphalan caused DNA cross-linking which was monitored by the alkaline elution method. The cross-linking was shown to be between DNA and protein. The degree of DNA cross-linking increased for approximately 4 hr after a 1-hr drug exposure of 1 microgram/ml. At 36 to 48 hr after the drug exposure, the cells overcame the G2 block and were dividing. The DNA cross-links have apparently been repaired as they are no longer detected by alkaline elution. The extent of melphalan cross-linking was dependent on both drug dosage and exposure time. Using a culture medium lacking @entity3 , it was shown that @entity4 uptake into RPMI 6410 cells was inhibited by @entity0 , @entity5 , or @entity2 . The increased uptake of melphalan and the increased cross-linking in @entity1 -deficient media were reduced by readdition of the aforementioned @entity3 .

title: XXXX mustard (melphalan) uptake and cross-linking in the RPMI 6410 human lymphoblastoid cell line.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Virchow-Robin spaces (VRSs) are extensions of subarachnoid spaces that accompany vessels entering the brain. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging detects VRS in about 95 percent of @entity0 in a recent study. VRSs are considered a normal variant with benign prognosis. (1) Occasionally, VRS might become symptomatic causing @entity1 depending on their location. (2) Case description. We report the case of a 55-year-old female @entity0 with dilated VRS presenting with @entity3 and @entity2 . The @entity0 underwent endoscopic fenestration of a large periventricular VRS located next to the visual radiation into the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle. During the postoperative course, @entity3 were resolved but @entity2 remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: Dilated VRSs can cause a variety of @entity1 depending on their size and location. Therefore, @entity0 harboring dilated VRS should undergo early close inspection and in case of progressive @entity1 , an operative therapy should be done; as valve mechanisms can cause a reduction of size when brain scans are conducted and later lead to occurrence of severe @entity1 during phase of dilation.

title: Intermittent XXXX caused by a dilated Virchow-Robin space close to the optic radiation: Therapeutic and pathomechanical considerations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: RATIONALE: In @entity2 ( @entity2 ), a condition characterized by fluid overload, both @entity1 (OSA and @entity4 ) are common. This observation suggests that fluid overload is involved in the pathogenesis of OSA and @entity4 in this condition. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that fluid removal by ultrafiltration (UF) will reduce severity of OSA and @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: At baseline, on a nondialysis day, @entity0 with @entity2 on thrice-weekly hemodialysis underwent overnight polysomnography along with measurement of total body extracellular fluid volume (ECFV), and ECFV of the neck, thorax, and right leg before and after sleep. The following week, on a nondialysis day, subjects with an @entity1 index (AHI) greater than or equal to 20 had fluid removed by UF, followed by repeat overnight polysomnography with fluid measurements. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 (10 @entity0 ) with an AHI greater than or equal to 20 (10 OSA; 5 @entity4 ) participated. Mean age was 53.5        10.4 years and mean body mass index was 25.3        4.8 kg/m(2). Following removal of 2.17        0.45 L by UF, the AHI decreased by 36% (43.8        20.3 to 28.0        17.7; P   <   0.001) without affecting @entity3 . The reduction in AHI correlated with the reduction in total body ECFV (r   =   0.567; P   =   0.027) and was associated with reductions in ECFV of the right leg (P   =   0.001), overnight change in ECFV of the right leg (P   =   0.044), ECFV of the thorax (P   =   0.001), and ECFV of the neck (P   =   0.003). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that fluid overload contributes to the pathogenesis of OSA and @entity4 in @entity2 , and that fluid removal by UF attenuates sleep apnea without altering uremic status.

title: Effect of Ultrafiltration on Sleep Apnea and Sleep Structure in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: RATIONALE: In @entity2 ( @entity2 ), a condition characterized by fluid overload, both @entity1 (OSA and @entity4 ) are common. This observation suggests that fluid overload is involved in the pathogenesis of OSA and @entity4 in this condition. OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that fluid removal by ultrafiltration (UF) will reduce severity of OSA and @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: At baseline, on a nondialysis day, @entity0 with @entity2 on thrice-weekly hemodialysis underwent overnight polysomnography along with measurement of total body extracellular fluid volume (ECFV), and ECFV of the neck, thorax, and right leg before and after sleep. The following week, on a nondialysis day, subjects with an @entity1 index (AHI) greater than or equal to 20 had fluid removed by UF, followed by repeat overnight polysomnography with fluid measurements. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 (10 @entity0 ) with an AHI greater than or equal to 20 (10 OSA; 5 @entity4 ) participated. Mean age was 53.5        10.4 years and mean body mass index was 25.3        4.8 kg/m(2). Following removal of 2.17        0.45 L by UF, the AHI decreased by 36% (43.8        20.3 to 28.0        17.7; P   <   0.001) without affecting @entity3 . The reduction in AHI correlated with the reduction in total body ECFV (r   =   0.567; P   =   0.027) and was associated with reductions in ECFV of the right leg (P   =   0.001), overnight change in ECFV of the right leg (P   =   0.044), ECFV of the thorax (P   =   0.001), and ECFV of the neck (P   =   0.003). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that fluid overload contributes to the pathogenesis of OSA and @entity4 in @entity2 , and that fluid removal by UF attenuates sleep apnea without altering uremic status.

title: Effect of Ultrafiltration on Sleep Apnea and Sleep Structure in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this study was to assess the value of a limited @entity1 excision in @entity4 treated with observation with the goal of preventing, or repairing, a @entity3 and continue an otherwise correct observation. This is a retrospective case review. Each @entity0 was submitted to a complete neuro-radiological work-up for diagnosis including CT, MRI, and angiography if needed of @entity4 class C. All the cases were submitted to observation and in 16 cases partial targeted surgery was performed. In 10 cases, the procedure involved a targeted @entity1 growing in contact with, or invading, the Fallopius. In four cases, the procedure was a petro-occipital trans-sigmoid approach to remove the intradural portion of @entity1 producing the picture of @entity5 . In two cases, there was the excision of the bleeding @entity1 surfaces in the outer ear canal. Follow-up ranged from 4 to 20  years. Success was considered the maintenance of observation without the change of class of @entity1 extension. In 13 over 16 cases, the observation could be continued, as it still was the more favorable option between natural and surgical morbidity. In the other three cases, a newly installed paralysis of the 9-10 cranial nerves due to @entity1 growth involved a correction of the strategy to a radical procedure. Partial targeted surgery was directed to cases submitted to observation. It allowed to prevent, or repair, an impending, or @entity2 or the brain stem and to continue the abstentional treatment by keeping the balance between natural and therapy morbidity in favor of observation.

title: Observation and partial targeted surgery in the management of XXXX : a contribution to the multioptional treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The major sources of scar-forming myofibroblasts during @entity3 are activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and portal fibroblasts (PF). In contrast to well-characterized HSC, PF remain understudied and poorly defined. This is largely due to the facts that isolation of rodent PF for functional studies is technically challenging and that PF cell lines had not been established. To address this, we have generated two polyclonal portal myofibroblast cell lines, RGF and RGF-N2. RGF and RGF-N2 were established from primary PF isolated from adult @entity0 livers that underwent culture activation and subsequent SV40-mediated immortalization. Specifically, @entity9 / @entity9 -sorted primary PF were used to generate the RGF-N2 cell line. Both cell lines were functionally characterized by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, immunoblot and @entity4 -based proliferation assay. First, immortalized RGF and RGF-N2 cells are positive for phenotypic myofibroblast markers alpha smooth muscle actin, @entity6 , PF-specific markers @entity5 , type XV collagen alpha-1 and @entity9 / @entity9 , and mesenchymal cell marker @entity8 / @entity8 , while negative for HSC-specific markers @entity7 and lecithin @entity2 acyltransferase. Second, both RGF and RGF-N2 cell lines are readily transfectable using standard methods. Finally, RGF and RGF-N2 cells attenuate the growth of Mz-ChA-1 @entity1 cells in co-culture, as previously demonstrated for primary PF. Immortalized @entity0 portal myofibroblast RGF and RGF-N2 cell lines express typical markers of activated PF-derived myofibroblasts, are suitable for DNA transfection, and can effectively inhibit cholangiocyte proliferation. Both RGF and RGF-N2 cell lines represent novel in vitro cellular models for the functional studies of portal (myo)fibroblasts and their contribution to the progression of @entity3 .

title: Establishment and Characterization of XXXX Portal Myofibroblast Cell Lines.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 screening may detect nonprogressive @entity1 , leading to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The potential for overdiagnosis can be assessed from the reservoir of @entity2 in autopsy studies that report @entity2 rates in @entity0 who died of other causes. We aimed to estimate the age-specific incidental @entity1 prevalence from all published autopsy studies. We identified eligible studies by searches of Medline and Embase, forward and backward citation searches and contacting authors. We screened the titles and abstracts of all articles; checked the full-text articles for eligibility and extracted clinical and pathology data using standardized forms. We extracted mean @entity1 prevalence, age-specific @entity1 prevalence and validity measures and then pooled data from all studies using logistic regression models with random effects. The 29 studies included in the review dated from 1948 to 2013. Incidental @entity1 was detected in all populations, with no obvious time trends in prevalence. @entity2 prevalence increased with each decade of age, OR   =   1.7 (1.6-1.8), and was higher in studies that used the Gleason score, OR   =   2.0 (1.1-3.7). No other factors were significantly predictive. The estimated mean @entity1 prevalence increased in a nonlinear fashion from 5% (95% CI: 3-8%) at age <30 years to 59% (95% CI: 48-71%) by age >79 years. There was substantial variation between populations in estimated @entity1 prevalence. There is a substantial reservoir of @entity2 which increases with age. The high risk of overdiagnosis limits the usefulness of @entity2 screening.

title: Prevalence of XXXX : A systematic review of autopsy studies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Background. There has been an increasing interest in the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as potential surrogate markers of gut @entity3 in @entity1 . Gut @entity3 occurs when pathological imbalances in gut bacterial colonies precipitate disease and has been linked to the dysmetabolism of @entity2 (BA) in the gut. BA metabolites as a result of microbial transformations act as signaling molecules and have demonstrated regulation of intestinal homeostasis through the @entity5 and FXR receptors by inhibiting @entity0 , preventing pathogen invasion, and maintaining cell integrity. The presence of VOC footprints is the resultant effect to gut microbiome substrate fermentation. Aim. To review the role of the gut microbiome and @entity4 signaling in intestinal homeostasis and the resultant use of VOCs as potential noninvasive surrogate biomarkers in gut @entity3 . Methods. A systematic search on PubMed and Medline databases was performed to identify articles relevant to gut @entity3 , BA metabolism, and VOCs. Conclusions. The host and presence of the gut microbiome appear to regulate the BA pool size. A dysbiotic gut microbiome results in disrupted intestinal homeostasis, which may be reflected by VOCs, differentiating those who are healthy and those with disease.

title: The interplay of the gut microbiome, XXXX , and volatile organic compounds.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is a common pathological manifestation in @entity0 affected by @entity5 . A few cases of interstitial deletions at Xq21 with several different phenotypic characteristics have been described, but to date, a complete molecular characterization of the deletions harboring disease-causing genes is still missing. Thus, the aim of this study is to realize a detailed clinical and molecular analysis of a family affected by @entity2 with @entity4 . RESULTS: Clinical analyses revealed a very complex phenotype that included @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 and @entity7 with a peculiar pattern of phenotypic variability. Genomic analysis revealed, for the first time, the presence of two close interstitial deletions in the Xq21.1-21.3, harboring 11 protein coding, 9 non-coding genes and 19 pseudogenes. Among these, 3 protein coding genes have already been associated with @entity2 , @entity4 and @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: In this study we highlighted the presence of peculiar genotypic and phenotypic details in a family affected by @entity2 with @entity4 . We identified two, previously unreported, Xq21.1-21.3 interstitial deletions. The two rearrangements, containing several genes, segregate with the clinical features, suggesting their role in the pathogenicity. However, not all the observed phenotypic features can be clearly associated with the known genes thus, further study is necessary to determine regions involved.

title: Phenotypic and genetic characterization of a family carrying two Xq21.1-21.3 interstitial deletions associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 have relatively been rare and accounted for 1% of all primary @entity2 of the breast. Pure and primary @entity5 of the male breast would be an extremely rare @entity2 . It might arise either from the breast stroma itself, or from underlying bone or cartilage. A 65-year-old @entity1 has presented with a rapidly growing breast mass since 5 months. Physical examination has established a large firm to hard mass with regular margins in the region of right breast. There was no @entity6 . Contrast enhanced MRI of breasts has shown a mixed-signal intensity multi lobulated cystic-solid mass (10.4 cm * 10.3 cm *9.9 cm) appearing predominantly hyper intense on T2W and hypo intense on T1W. The @entity2 has diagnosed as a low-grade @entity5 of the breast by histopathological and immunohistochemistry analysis. Right sided radical mastectomy with grafting has done. It has seemed to be very important to identify the mammary primary @entity4 as entity separated from the @entity3 of the breast.

title: Malignant mesenchymal tumor of male breast: primary XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment with small molecule @entity12 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has improved survival in many @entity1 , yet has been associated with an increased risk of adverse events. Warnings of cardiovascular events are common in drug labels of many TKIs. Despite these warnings, @entity4 of @entity0 treated with TKIs remains unclear. Here, we evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes of @entity1 @entity0 treated with small molecule @entity12 kinase inhibitors. METHODS: A population based cohort study was undertaken involving adults aged >18 years in Ontario, Canada, diagnosed with any advanced malignancy between 2006 and 2012. Data were extracted from linked administrative governmental databases. Adults with @entity1 receiving TKIs were identified and followed throughout the time period. The main outcomes of interest were rates of hospitalization for @entity7 ( @entity6 and @entity8 ) or @entity3 and @entity5 . RESULTS: 1642 @entity0 with a mean age of 62.5 years were studied; 1046 were treated with @entity11 , 166 with @entity10 and 430 with @entity9 . Over the 380 day median follow-up period (range 6-1970 days), 1.1% of all @entity0 had @entity2 heart events, 0.7% had @entity3 and 72.1% died. Rates of cardiovascular events were similar to age and gender-matched individuals without @entity1 . In a subgroup analysis of treatment @entity0 with a prior history of @entity7 , 3.3% had @entity2 heart events while 1.2% had @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: TKIs do not appear to increase the cause-specific hazard of @entity7 and @entity3 compared to age and gender-matched individuals without @entity1 .

title: @entity4 of multi- XXXX kinase inhibitors in advanced solid @entity1 : a population-based observational study.

answer: @entity12


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment with small molecule @entity12 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has improved survival in many @entity1 , yet has been associated with an increased risk of adverse events. Warnings of cardiovascular events are common in drug labels of many TKIs. Despite these warnings, @entity4 of @entity0 treated with TKIs remains unclear. Here, we evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes of @entity1 @entity0 treated with small molecule @entity12 kinase inhibitors. METHODS: A population based cohort study was undertaken involving adults aged >18 years in Ontario, Canada, diagnosed with any advanced malignancy between 2006 and 2012. Data were extracted from linked administrative governmental databases. Adults with @entity1 receiving TKIs were identified and followed throughout the time period. The main outcomes of interest were rates of hospitalization for @entity7 ( @entity6 and @entity8 ) or @entity3 and @entity5 . RESULTS: 1642 @entity0 with a mean age of 62.5 years were studied; 1046 were treated with @entity11 , 166 with @entity10 and 430 with @entity9 . Over the 380 day median follow-up period (range 6-1970 days), 1.1% of all @entity0 had @entity2 heart events, 0.7% had @entity3 and 72.1% died. Rates of cardiovascular events were similar to age and gender-matched individuals without @entity1 . In a subgroup analysis of treatment @entity0 with a prior history of @entity7 , 3.3% had @entity2 heart events while 1.2% had @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: TKIs do not appear to increase the cause-specific hazard of @entity7 and @entity3 compared to age and gender-matched individuals without @entity1 .

title: XXXX of multi- @entity12 kinase inhibitors in advanced solid @entity1 : a population-based observational study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment with small molecule @entity12 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has improved survival in many @entity1 , yet has been associated with an increased risk of adverse events. Warnings of cardiovascular events are common in drug labels of many TKIs. Despite these warnings, @entity4 of @entity0 treated with TKIs remains unclear. Here, we evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes of @entity1 @entity0 treated with small molecule @entity12 kinase inhibitors. METHODS: A population based cohort study was undertaken involving adults aged >18 years in Ontario, Canada, diagnosed with any advanced malignancy between 2006 and 2012. Data were extracted from linked administrative governmental databases. Adults with @entity1 receiving TKIs were identified and followed throughout the time period. The main outcomes of interest were rates of hospitalization for @entity7 ( @entity6 and @entity8 ) or @entity3 and @entity5 . RESULTS: 1642 @entity0 with a mean age of 62.5 years were studied; 1046 were treated with @entity11 , 166 with @entity10 and 430 with @entity9 . Over the 380 day median follow-up period (range 6-1970 days), 1.1% of all @entity0 had @entity2 heart events, 0.7% had @entity3 and 72.1% died. Rates of cardiovascular events were similar to age and gender-matched individuals without @entity1 . In a subgroup analysis of treatment @entity0 with a prior history of @entity7 , 3.3% had @entity2 heart events while 1.2% had @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: TKIs do not appear to increase the cause-specific hazard of @entity7 and @entity3 compared to age and gender-matched individuals without @entity1 .

title: @entity4 of multi- @entity12 kinase inhibitors in advanced solid XXXX : a population-based observational study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and the changes of intracellular free @entity3 and neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of neonatal @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to investigate the intervention effects of Shenfu injection. METHODS: Seven-day-old @entity0 were randomly assigned to three groups: control, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and Shenfu-treated. Each group (n=50) was subdivided into 5 groups sacrificed at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours. @entity0 models of @entity2 were prepared according to the @entity4 's method. @entity0 in the control group only underwent the separation of right common carotidartery. Shenfu injection was administered by intraperitoneal injections right after @entity1 insults and then once daily at a dosage of 10 mL/kg for 3 days in the Shenfu-treated group. The expression of @entity5 in the cerebral cortex was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The free @entity3 concentrations were determined under a fluorescent microscope. The apoptosis rate was measured by the flow cytometry. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the expression levels of @entity5 in the @entity1 and the Shenfu-treated groups were obviously up-regulated (P<0.05), and the expression levels of @entity5 in the Shenfu-treated group were notably higher than those in the @entity1 group (P<0.05) at all time points. The concentrations of intracellular free @entity3 and the apoptosis rate of neurons in the cerebral cortex in the Shenfu-treated group were significantly reduced compared with those in the @entity1 group (P<0.05), but increased significantly compared with those in the control group at all time points (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Shenfu injection may have neuroprotective effects against @entity2 by up-regulation of @entity5 expression and relief of @entity3 overload.

title: [Effects of Shenfu injection on XXXX expression and neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of neonatal @entity0 with @entity2 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and the changes of intracellular free @entity3 and neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of neonatal @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to investigate the intervention effects of Shenfu injection. METHODS: Seven-day-old @entity0 were randomly assigned to three groups: control, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and Shenfu-treated. Each group (n=50) was subdivided into 5 groups sacrificed at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours. @entity0 models of @entity2 were prepared according to the @entity4 's method. @entity0 in the control group only underwent the separation of right common carotidartery. Shenfu injection was administered by intraperitoneal injections right after @entity1 insults and then once daily at a dosage of 10 mL/kg for 3 days in the Shenfu-treated group. The expression of @entity5 in the cerebral cortex was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The free @entity3 concentrations were determined under a fluorescent microscope. The apoptosis rate was measured by the flow cytometry. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the expression levels of @entity5 in the @entity1 and the Shenfu-treated groups were obviously up-regulated (P<0.05), and the expression levels of @entity5 in the Shenfu-treated group were notably higher than those in the @entity1 group (P<0.05) at all time points. The concentrations of intracellular free @entity3 and the apoptosis rate of neurons in the cerebral cortex in the Shenfu-treated group were significantly reduced compared with those in the @entity1 group (P<0.05), but increased significantly compared with those in the control group at all time points (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Shenfu injection may have neuroprotective effects against @entity2 by up-regulation of @entity5 expression and relief of @entity3 overload.

title: [Effects of Shenfu injection on @entity5 expression and neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of neonatal @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and the changes of intracellular free @entity3 and neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of neonatal @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and to investigate the intervention effects of Shenfu injection. METHODS: Seven-day-old @entity0 were randomly assigned to three groups: control, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and Shenfu-treated. Each group (n=50) was subdivided into 5 groups sacrificed at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours. @entity0 models of @entity2 were prepared according to the @entity4 's method. @entity0 in the control group only underwent the separation of right common carotidartery. Shenfu injection was administered by intraperitoneal injections right after @entity1 insults and then once daily at a dosage of 10 mL/kg for 3 days in the Shenfu-treated group. The expression of @entity5 in the cerebral cortex was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The free @entity3 concentrations were determined under a fluorescent microscope. The apoptosis rate was measured by the flow cytometry. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the expression levels of @entity5 in the @entity1 and the Shenfu-treated groups were obviously up-regulated (P<0.05), and the expression levels of @entity5 in the Shenfu-treated group were notably higher than those in the @entity1 group (P<0.05) at all time points. The concentrations of intracellular free @entity3 and the apoptosis rate of neurons in the cerebral cortex in the Shenfu-treated group were significantly reduced compared with those in the @entity1 group (P<0.05), but increased significantly compared with those in the control group at all time points (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Shenfu injection may have neuroprotective effects against @entity2 by up-regulation of @entity5 expression and relief of @entity3 overload.

title: [Effects of Shenfu injection on @entity5 expression and neuronal apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of neonatal XXXX with @entity2 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar disc removal is currently the standard treatment for @entity3 . No consensus has been achieved whether aggressive disc resection with curettage (discectomy) versus conservative removal of the offending disc fragment alone (sequestrectomy) provides better outcomes. This study aims to compare the reherniation rate and clinical outcomes between discectomy and sequestrectomy by literature review and a meta-analysis. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library was performed up to June 1, 2014. Outcomes of interest assessing the two techniques included demographic and clinical baseline characteristics, perioperative variables, complications, recurrent herniation rate and post-operative functional outcomes. RESULTS: Twelve eligible trials evaluating discectomy vs sequestrectomy were identified including one randomized controlled study, five prospective and six retrospective comparative studies. By contrast to discectomy, sequestrectomy was associated with significantly less operative time (p<0.001), lower @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for @entity4 (p<0.05), less post-operative analgesic usage (p<0.05) and better @entity0 ' satisfaction (p<0.05). Recurrent herniation rate, reoperation rate, intraoperative @entity1 , hospitalization duration and @entity2 for sciatica were without significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: According to our pooled data, sequestrectomy entails equivalent reherniation rate and complications compared with discectomy but maintains a lower incidence of recurrent @entity4 and higher satisfactory rate. High-quality prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to firmly assess these two procedures.

title: Comparison of Discectomy versus Sequestrectomy in XXXX : A Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: One of the most common causes of @entity2 is @entity3 ; however, there are other pathologic disorders that can mimic the symptoms and clinical presentation of this disorder. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review the prevalence of various pathologic disorders on ultrasound in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: The medical records and diagnostic ultrasound reports of @entity0 presenting with plantar @entity2 between @entity4 , 2006, and March 31, 2007, were reviewed retrospectively, and the prevalence of various etiologies was collected. The inclusion criteria were based on their clinical presentation of @entity3 or previous diagnosis of @entity3 from an unknown source. Ultrasound evaluation was then performed to confirm the clinical diagnosis. RESULTS: We examined 175 feet of 143 @entity0 (62 males and 81 females; age range, 16-79 years). @entity7 were present in 90 feet (51%). Plantar @entity6 was diagnosed in 128 feet (73%). @entity7 and @entity5 was found in 63 feet (36%). Of the 47 feet that were negative for @entity3 on ultrasound, 27 (57%) revealed the presence of plantar @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic ultrasound can effectively and safely identify the prevalence of various etiologies of @entity2 . The high prevalence of @entity7 and @entity5 cannot be determined by clinical examination alone, and, therefore, ultrasound evaluation should be performed for confirmation of diagnosis.

title: Ultrasound diagnosis and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Mature adipocytes can reverse their phenotype to become fibroblast-like cells. This is achieved by ceiling culture and the resulting cells, called @entity5 ( @entity5 ) cells, are multipotent. Beyond the potential value of these cells for regenerative medicine, the dedifferentiation process itself raises many questions about cellular plasticity and the pathways implicated in cell behavior. This work has been performed with the objective of obtaining new information on adipocyte dedifferentiation, especially pertaining to new targets that may be involved in cellular fate changes. To do so, omental and subcutaneous mature adipocytes sampled from severely @entity1 subjects have been dedifferentiated by ceiling culture. An experimental design with various time points along the dedifferentiation process has been utilized to better understand this process. Cell size, gene and protein expression as well as cytokine secretion were investigated. @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity7 and @entity0 secretion were increased during dedifferentiation, whereas @entity12 secretion was transiently increased. A marked decrease in expression of mature adipocyte transcripts ( @entity13 , @entity10 and @entity4 ) was detected early in the process. In addition, some matrix remodeling transcripts ( @entity6 , @entity11 , @entity9 and @entity8 ) were rapidly and strongly up-regulated. @entity6 and @entity11 proteins were simultaneously induced in dedifferentiating mature adipocytes supporting a potential role for these enzymes in adipose tissue remodeling and cell plasticity.

title: Characterization of dedifferentiating human mature adipocytes from the visceral and subcutaneous fat compartments: fibroblast-activation protein alpha and XXXX as major components of matrix remodeling.

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present our experience of treatment outcomes in @entity3 @entity0 . METHODS: The retrospective study was conducted at the Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised data related to 74 adult @entity0 with @entity3 from 1995 to 2009. The treatment plan consisted of surgery preceded by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of the 74 @entity0 in the study, 58 (78%) were in the 18-29 age group with an overall male-to-female ratio of 3:1. The commonest site of disease was femur, 30 (43%). Of the 66 (89%) @entity0 undergoing definitive surgery, 59 (89.4%) had amputation. The remaining 7 (10.6%) limb salvage operations were in the neo-adjuvant chemotherapy group. Good histopathological response rates in high-dose @entity6 containing regimens and other regimens were similar with an overall good response rate of 18/51 (35%). The commonest site of relapse was lung.Twelve out of 27 (44%) @entity0 with lung-only @entity1 underwent successful metastatectomy. For @entity0 with @entity2 at presentation 3-year event-free survival was 30%, and 3-year overall survival was 71%. For @entity0 with @entity1 at presentation 3-year overall survival was 45%. Median overall survival for @entity0 receiving high-dose @entity6 and other regimens was 1.7 years vs 2.9 years. CONCLUSION: @entity3 treated with @entity5 / @entity4 based chemotherapy and surgery had good outcomes. The role of high-dose @entity6 in @entity3 remains uncertain.

title: Patterns of care and outcomes of XXXX in a tertiary care cancer centre in Pakistan.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 (LT), T4, @entity2 is rarely associated with a severe outcome. However, cases with significant complications have been reported. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with symptoms of @entity2 including late-onset symptoms. All enquiries to the Danish Poison Information Centre (DPIC) concerning @entity2 between March 2007 and September 2012 were reviewed and the following parameters were recorded: age, dose, time from ingestion, multiple drug intake and symptoms. To evaluate the frequency of late-onset symptoms, a subgroup of @entity0 without initial symptoms were contacted. A total of 181 @entity0 were registered (112 @entity0 ). Ingested LT dose ranged from 10 to 9000 mcg (median 275 mcg). A total of 29 of 181 (16%) @entity0 were symptomatic at the time of enquiry, and there was no difference in ingested LT dose between asymptomatic and symptomatic @entity0 , neither in @entity0 nor in adults (age 16-92  years) (p  <  0.68 and p  <  0.47, respectively). In total, 153 of 181 (85%) @entity0 did not have symptoms of @entity2 at the time of enquiry; however, in 9 of 21 (43%) @entity0 , we were able to contact, late-onset symptoms existed. In none of the cases, hospital contact was needed and there were no reports of long-term sequelae. Acute @entity2 often follows a benign course. The occurrence of symptoms appears not to be dose dependent. Late-onset symptoms seem to be common. However, all symptoms resolved spontaneously without need of medical care.

title: XXXX Poisoning - Symptoms and Clinical Outcome.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mutations in @entity5 are a common cause of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Among the most frequently reported @entity5 variants, @entity6 ( @entity3 ) has been found in both affected and healthy individuals. The pathogenicity of this variant remains controversial since it was detected in homozygosity in two healthy siblings of a Spanish family (S23), eleven years ago. The fact that these individuals remain asymptomatic today, prompted us to study the presence of other pathogenic variants in this family using targeted resequencing of 26 retinal genes in one of the affected individuals. This approach allowed us to identify one novel pathogenic homozygous mutation in exon 13 of @entity4 ( @entity7 ; @entity8 ). This variant cosegregated with the disease and was absent in 200 control individuals. Remarkably, the identified variant in @entity4 corresponds to the mutation responsible of the @entity1 in the naturally occurring @entity4 mutant @entity0 . To our knowledge, this is the first report of the identification of the @entity4 @entity0 mutation in a @entity2 family. These findings, together with a review of the literature, support the hypothesis that homozygous @entity3 mutations are not pathogenic and led us to exclude the implication of @entity3 in the @entity2 of family S23. Our results indicate the need of re-evaluating all families genetically diagnosed with this mutation.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Re-evaluation casts doubt on the pathogenicity of homozygous XXXX @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mutations in @entity5 are a common cause of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Among the most frequently reported @entity5 variants, @entity6 ( @entity3 ) has been found in both affected and healthy individuals. The pathogenicity of this variant remains controversial since it was detected in homozygosity in two healthy siblings of a Spanish family (S23), eleven years ago. The fact that these individuals remain asymptomatic today, prompted us to study the presence of other pathogenic variants in this family using targeted resequencing of 26 retinal genes in one of the affected individuals. This approach allowed us to identify one novel pathogenic homozygous mutation in exon 13 of @entity4 ( @entity7 ; @entity8 ). This variant cosegregated with the disease and was absent in 200 control individuals. Remarkably, the identified variant in @entity4 corresponds to the mutation responsible of the @entity1 in the naturally occurring @entity4 mutant @entity0 . To our knowledge, this is the first report of the identification of the @entity4 @entity0 mutation in a @entity2 family. These findings, together with a review of the literature, support the hypothesis that homozygous @entity3 mutations are not pathogenic and led us to exclude the implication of @entity3 in the @entity2 of family S23. Our results indicate the need of re-evaluating all families genetically diagnosed with this mutation.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Re-evaluation casts doubt on the pathogenicity of homozygous @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study provides an overview of the largest and longest-running colonoscopic surveillance program for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 with long-standing @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: Data were obtained from medical records, endoscopy, and histology reports. Primary end points were defined as death, colectomy, withdrawal from surveillance, or censor date (1 January 2013). RESULTS: A total of 1,375 @entity2 @entity0 were followed up for 15,234 @entity0 -years (median, 11 years per @entity0 ). @entity1 was detected in 72 @entity0 (incidence rate (IR), 4.7 per 1,000 @entity0 -years). Time-trend analysis revealed that although there was significant decrease in incidence of colectomy performed for @entity3 (linear regression, R=-0.43; P=0.007), IR of advanced @entity1 and interval @entity1 have steadily decreased over past four decades (Pearson's correlation, -0.99; P=0.01 for both trends). The IR of early @entity1 has increased 2.5-fold in the current decade compared with past decade (  (2), P=0.045); however, its 10-year survival rate was high (79.6%). The IR of @entity3 has similarly increased (  (2), P=0.01), potentially attributable to the recent use of chromoendoscopy that was twice more effective at detecting @entity3 compared with white-light endoscopy (  (2), P<0.001). CRCs were frequently accompanied by @entity1 or spatially distinct @entity3 (37.5%). Finally, the risk of @entity1 was not significantly different between "indefinite" or low-grade @entity3 (log-rank, P=0.78). CONCLUSIONS: Colonoscopic surveillance may have a significant role in reducing the risk of advanced and interval @entity1 while allowing more @entity0 to retain their colon for longer. Given the ongoing risk of early @entity1 , @entity0 with any grade of @entity3 who are managed endoscopically should be monitored closely with advanced techniques.

title: Forty-Year Analysis of Colonoscopic Surveillance Program for XXXX : An Updated Overview.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Controversy exists on the necessity for and timing of genitoplasty in @entity0 with @entity1 . Our knowledge of surgical preferences is limited to retrospective series from single institutions and physician surveys, which suggest a high rate of early reconstruction. We evaluated current surgical treatment for @entity1 at academic centers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We queried the Faculty Practice Solutions Center database to identify all female @entity0 younger than 18 years with a diagnosis of @entity1 between 2009 and 2012. Procedures were identified by CPT codes for vaginoplasty, clitoroplasty and other genital procedures. Reconstruction type, age at surgery and surgeon volume were analyzed. RESULTS: We identified 2,614 females in the database with a diagnosis of @entity1 who were seen at a total of 60 institutions. Of @entity0 younger than 12 months between 2009 and 2011 as few as 18% proceeded to surgery within a 1 to 4-year followup. Of those referred to a pediatric urologist 46% proceeded to surgery. Of @entity0 who underwent surgery before age 2 years clitoroplasty and vaginoplasty were performed in 73% and 89%, respectively, while 68% were treated with a combined procedure. A medium or high volume surgeon was involved in 63% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Many @entity0 with @entity1 in the database did not proceed to early reconstructive surgery. Of those referred to surgeons, who were possibly the most virilized @entity0 , about half proceeded to early surgery and almost all underwent vaginoplasty as a component of surgery. About  two-thirds of the procedures were performed by medium or high volume surgeons, indicative of the surgical centralization of disorders of @entity2 .

title: XXXX : Current Surgical Management at Academic Medical Centers in the United States.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a potentially life-threatening @entity1 involving large areas of skin loss with systemic symptoms. This study evaluated the efficacy of air-fluidised bed therapy for @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: Of 27 @entity0 with @entity2 , 11 used air-fluidised beds (the air-fluidised group) and 16 used standard beds (the control group). Days to complete re-epithelialisation, re-epithelialisation rate, incidence of complications, mortality, @entity3 measured by visual analogue score and the incidence of cutaneous @entity4 were compared in these groups. RESULTS: The mean body surface area of involvement was 77.0        11.8% and baseline mean severity-of-illness score for @entity2 (SCORTEN) was 2.81        1.08. The re-epithelialisation rate in the air-fluidised group was 100% but was only 56.3% in the control group (P   <   0.05). There was a significant difference in the time taken to complete re-epithelialisation between the air-fluidised group (13 days [95%   CI: 9.0-17.0]) and the control group (21 days [16.5-25.5], P   <   0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of complications was 18% in the air-fluidised group versus 75% in the control group, including fewer @entity4 (P   <   0.05). There was a significant reduction in @entity3 among the air-fluidised group compared with the control group (P   <   0.05). There were no deaths in the air-fluidised group while 19% of the control group died. CONCLUSION: Air-fluidised beds can reduce the time to complete re-epithelialisation, relieve @entity3 and increase the re-epithelialisation rate of @entity2 @entity0 , but there was no significant difference between them in mortality rate in our study.

title: A 13-year retrospective study evaluating the efficacy of using air-fluidised beds for toxic epidermal necrolysis XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the @entity7 ( @entity7 ) associated with @entity4 and their association with medium-term prognosis. @entity0 AND METHODS: Multipurpose prospective study from the EAHFE Registry. We included as @entity7 : @entity2 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity3 , @entity1 crisis, non-adherence to diet or drug therapy and non-ST-segment-elevation @entity6 (NSTEACS). @entity0 without @entity7 were control group. Hazard ratios (HR) crudes and adjusted for reconsultations and mortality at 90 days were calculated. RESULTS: 3535 @entity0 were included: 28% without and 72% with @entity7 . @entity0 with @entity5 (HR 0.67; 95%CI 0.50-0.89) and @entity1 crisis (HR 0.45; 95%CI 0.28-0.72) had less mortality and @entity0 with NSTEACS (HR 1.79; 95%CI 1.19-2.70) had more mortality. Reconsultation was fewer in @entity0 with @entity2 (HR 0.74; 95%CI 0.64-0.85), @entity5 (HR 0.69; 95%CI 0.58-0.83) and @entity1 crisis (HR 0.71; 95%CI 0.55-0.91). These differences were maintained in all the adjusted models except for @entity1 crisis. CONCLUSIONS: One @entity7 is identified in 3 out of 4 @entity0 and it may influence medium-term prognosis. At 90 days, NSTEACS and @entity5 were associated with more and less mortality respectively, and @entity5 and @entity2 with less probability of reconsultation.

title: [PAPRICA-2 study: Role of precipitating factor of an XXXX episode on intermediate term prognosis].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The time of origin (birthday) of Rohon-Beard cells in @entity1 was studied by @entity0 autoradiography. Rohon-Beard cells were selected because they are a morphologically identifiable population of neurons in which the development of chemical and electrical excitability has been studied. A single injection of a radioactive DNA precursor was given to animals in successive stages of development from blastula to late tail bud (Nieuwkoop and Faber stages 8--33/34). The label was available throughout the stage of injection and longer. The labeling pattern was examined when animals had reached stage 42, when Rohon-Beard cells are easily recognized. All neurons including Rohon-Beard cells were labeled in animals injected with @entity0 before stage 10 1/2 (early gastrula). Unlabeled Rohon-Beard cells were observed in animals injected with @entity0 in and after stage 10 1/2. The percentage of unlabeled Rohon-Beard cells increased as development progressed. About 80% were born by the completion of gastrulation (stage 13). The other approximately 20% were born during neurulation and early tail bud stages. By stage 27, no Rohon-Beard neuron incorporated @entity0 . In addition to Rohon-Beard neurons, five other neuronal populations begin generation during gastrulation: Mauthner neurons (Vargas-Lizardi and Lyser, '74), trigeminal ganglion cells, large basal plate cells of the medulla, extramedullary neurons, and primary motor neurons. The first birthdays in any of the six populations are temporally close to but appear to be independent of the others.

title: Rohon-beard cells and other large neurons in XXXX embryos originate during gastrulation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study were to recognise if there is any auditory sensory stimuli processing in @entity1 under general anaesthesia, and to evaluate changes in respiratory rate (RR) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in anaesthetised @entity0 exposed to different music genres, while relating this to the depth of anaesthesia. METHODS: A sample of 12 @entity1 submitted for elective ovariohysterectomy were exposed to 2 min excerpts of three different music genres (classical [CM], pop [PM] and heavy metal [HM]) at three points during surgery (T1 = coeliotomy; T2 = ligature placement and transection of the ovarian pedicle; T3 = ligature placement and transection of the uterine body). A multiparametric medical monitor was used to measure the RR, and a digital calliper was used for @entity2 measurement. Music was delivered through headphones, which fully covered the @entity0 's ears. P values       <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.        RESULTS: Statistically significant differences between stimuli conditions for all surgical points were obtained for RR (T1, P = 0.03; T2, P = 0.00; and T3, P = 0.00) and for @entity2 (T1, P = 0.03; T2, P = 0.04; and T3, P = 0.00). Most individuals exhibited lower values for RR and @entity2 when exposed to CM, intermediate values to PM and higher values to HM. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The results suggest that @entity1 under general anaesthesia are likely to perform auditory sensory stimuli processing. The exposure to music induces RR and @entity2 variations modulated by the genre of music and is associated with autonomic nervous system activity. The use of music in the surgical theatre may contribute to allowing a reduced anaesthetic dose, minimising undesirable side effects and thus promoting @entity0 safety.

title: Influence of music and its genres on respiratory rate and pupil diameter variations in XXXX under general anaesthesia: contribution to promoting @entity0 safety.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study were to recognise if there is any auditory sensory stimuli processing in @entity1 under general anaesthesia, and to evaluate changes in respiratory rate (RR) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in anaesthetised @entity0 exposed to different music genres, while relating this to the depth of anaesthesia. METHODS: A sample of 12 @entity1 submitted for elective ovariohysterectomy were exposed to 2 min excerpts of three different music genres (classical [CM], pop [PM] and heavy metal [HM]) at three points during surgery (T1 = coeliotomy; T2 = ligature placement and transection of the ovarian pedicle; T3 = ligature placement and transection of the uterine body). A multiparametric medical monitor was used to measure the RR, and a digital calliper was used for @entity2 measurement. Music was delivered through headphones, which fully covered the @entity0 's ears. P values       <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.        RESULTS: Statistically significant differences between stimuli conditions for all surgical points were obtained for RR (T1, P = 0.03; T2, P = 0.00; and T3, P = 0.00) and for @entity2 (T1, P = 0.03; T2, P = 0.04; and T3, P = 0.00). Most individuals exhibited lower values for RR and @entity2 when exposed to CM, intermediate values to PM and higher values to HM. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The results suggest that @entity1 under general anaesthesia are likely to perform auditory sensory stimuli processing. The exposure to music induces RR and @entity2 variations modulated by the genre of music and is associated with autonomic nervous system activity. The use of music in the surgical theatre may contribute to allowing a reduced anaesthetic dose, minimising undesirable side effects and thus promoting @entity0 safety.

title: Influence of music and its genres on respiratory rate and pupil diameter variations in @entity1 under general anaesthesia: contribution to promoting XXXX safety.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 are the most common type of @entity7 . Because of its overall rare incidence, this entity is often overlooked during initial assessment of the @entity0 . Lack of specific diagnostic criteria also makes diagnosis exceedingly difficult, and the resulting diagnostic delays can lead to tragic outcomes for @entity0 . Despite these perceived barriers to timely diagnosis, there may be specific radiographic findings that, when combined with the appropriate constellation of clinical symptoms, would aid in diagnosis. This @entity0 first presented at 8 years of age with vague symptoms of postprandial emesis, chronic @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity5 . Over the span of 6 years he was evaluated 2 to 3 times a year with similar complaints, all of which quickly resolved spontaneously. He underwent multiple laboratory, imaging, and endoscopic studies, which were nondiagnostic. It was not until he developed signs of a high-grade obstruction and extremis that he was found to have a large left paraduodenal hernia that had volvulized around the superior @entity6 . This resulted in the loss of the entire superior @entity6 distribution of the small and large intestine and @entity1 of the duodenum. In cases of chronic @entity8 without clear etiology, careful attention and consideration should be given to the constellation of symptoms, imaging studies, and potential use of diagnostic laparoscopy. Increased vigilance by primary care and consulting physicians is necessary to detect this rare but readily correctable condition.

title: @entity7 Causing XXXX and Abdominal Catastrophe.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 are the most common type of @entity7 . Because of its overall rare incidence, this entity is often overlooked during initial assessment of the @entity0 . Lack of specific diagnostic criteria also makes diagnosis exceedingly difficult, and the resulting diagnostic delays can lead to tragic outcomes for @entity0 . Despite these perceived barriers to timely diagnosis, there may be specific radiographic findings that, when combined with the appropriate constellation of clinical symptoms, would aid in diagnosis. This @entity0 first presented at 8 years of age with vague symptoms of postprandial emesis, chronic @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity5 . Over the span of 6 years he was evaluated 2 to 3 times a year with similar complaints, all of which quickly resolved spontaneously. He underwent multiple laboratory, imaging, and endoscopic studies, which were nondiagnostic. It was not until he developed signs of a high-grade obstruction and extremis that he was found to have a large left paraduodenal hernia that had volvulized around the superior @entity6 . This resulted in the loss of the entire superior @entity6 distribution of the small and large intestine and @entity1 of the duodenum. In cases of chronic @entity8 without clear etiology, careful attention and consideration should be given to the constellation of symptoms, imaging studies, and potential use of diagnostic laparoscopy. Increased vigilance by primary care and consulting physicians is necessary to detect this rare but readily correctable condition.

title: XXXX Causing @entity3 and Abdominal Catastrophe.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of @entity1 sustained during childhood on long-term mortality and to quantify any increased risk of @entity2 attributable to @entity1 . METHODS: A population-based cohort study of @entity0 younger than 15 years hospitalized for @entity1 in Western Australia (1980-2012) and a matched noninjured comparison group. Deidentified extraction of linked hospital morbidity and @entity2 records for the period 1980-2012 were provided by the Western Australian Data Linkage System. An inception cohort (1980-2012) of burn cases younger than 15 years of age when hospitalized for a first @entity1 (n = 10   426) and a frequency matched noninjured comparison cohort (n = 40   818) were identified. Survival analysis was conducted by using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression. Mortality rate ratios and attributable risk percent adjusted for sociodemographic and preexisting heath factors were generated. RESULTS: The median follow-up time for the pediatric burn cohort was 18.1 years after discharge. The adjusted all-cause mortality rate ratios for @entity1 was 1.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.3-2.0); @entity0 with @entity1 had a 1.6 times greater rate of mortality than those with no injury. The index @entity1 was estimated to account for 38% (attributable risk percent) of all recorded deaths in the @entity1 cohort during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 sustained by @entity0 is associated with an increased risk of long-term all-cause mortality. Estimates of the total mortality burden based on in-hospital deaths alone underestimates the true burden from @entity1 .

title: Mortality After Burn Injury in XXXX : A 33-year Population-Based Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of soft stabilization with an artificial intervertebral ligament after microdecompression for the treatment of grade I @entity2 . METHODS: From a total of 54 @entity0 with @entity2 who were treated surgically from May 2000 to April 2003, 36 @entity0 who showed grade I spondylolisthesis without evidence of concomitant disc herniation necessitating discectomy were enrolled in the study. After decompression, the @entity0 had undergone either soft stabilization with an artificial intervertebral ligament (n = 17) or instrumented posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF; n = 19). RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 24 months for the PLIF group and 16 months for the soft stabilization group. In the PLIF group, preoperative mean scores of 60% on the @entity4 Index, 8.8 on the visual analog scale (VAS) for @entity5 , and 9.3 on the VAS for leg @entity1 improved to 28%, 4.1, and 2.6, respectively, after surgery. Corresponding scores in the soft stabilization group were 55%, 8.4, and 8.9, improving to 25%, 4.1, and 2.2 after surgery. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in any of these clinical parameters. @entity0 ' subjective improvement rates and satisfaction with the surgical procedure were higher in the soft stabilization group, but the differences were not significant. Mean operation time and mean @entity3 were significantly lower in the soft stabilization group than in the PLIF group. In the soft stabilization group, there were 3 cases of progression of slippage in @entity0 who had had preoperative slippage of more than 20%; there was 1 dural tear in the PLIF group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with grade I @entity2 who received soft stabilization with an artificial intervertebral ligament after microdecompression had clinical outcomes similar to those of @entity0 who received PLIF. Since soft stabilization can be done in a much less invasive way than fusion, if slippage is 20% or less, soft stabilization with an artificial ligament is a viable alternative to fusion for @entity0 who are elderly or who have significant comorbidities that make a prolonged operation inadvisable. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: This study was a retrospective comparative study with a very limited population (level III evidence).

title: Soft stabilization with an artificial intervertebral ligament in grade I XXXX : comparison with instrumented posterior lumbar interbody fusion.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is thought to arise from the mesothelial cells that line the @entity2 . Most @entity0 initially experience the insidious onset of @entity1 or @entity3 and have a history of asbestos exposure. @entity4 rarely presents as spontaneous pneumothorax. We report two male @entity0 who presented with a spontaneous hydropneumothorax. One was exposed to asbestos and the other was not. Computed tomography showed tiny nodules with @entity2 . They both underwent @entity2 cytology and/or pleural biopsy. Therefore, the pathological diagnosis of @entity4 was obtained in both cases. We also reviewed 16 Japanese @entity4 cases with pneumothorax including our two @entity0 . More than half of the @entity0 suffered from pneumothorax repeatedly. We emphasize the need to obtain a pathological diagnosis of @entity2 cytology and/or pleural biopsy in older @entity0 presenting with a spontaneous hydropneumothorax.

title: XXXX presenting as a spontaneous pneumothorax.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in therapies for @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity0 quality of life continues to be significantly impacted. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of @entity3 on @entity0 and families with regard to leisure, relationships, mental well-being and financial security, and to evaluate the quality and availability of @entity3 information. METHODS: An online survey was advertised on the @entity2 Canada website, and at gastroenterology clinics at the University of Alberta Hospital (Edmonton, Alberta) and University of Calgary Hospital (Calgary, Alberta). RESULTS: The survey was completed by 281 @entity3 @entity0 and 32 family members. Among respondents with @entity3 , 64% reported a significant or major impact on leisure activities, 52% a significant or major impact on interpersonal relationships, 40% a significant or major impact on financial security, and 28% a significant or major impact on planning to start a family. @entity0 information needs emphasized understanding disease progression (84%) and extraintestinal symptoms (82%). There was a strong interest in support systems such as health care insurance (70%) and alternative therapies (66%). The most common source of information for @entity0 was their gastroenterologist (70%); however, most (70%) @entity0 preferred to obtain their information from the @entity2 Canada website. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of @entity3 on interpersonal relationships and leisure activities was significant among @entity3 @entity0 and their families. Understanding the disease, but also alternative treatment options, was of high interest. Currently, there is a discrepancy between interest in information topics and their availability. Respondents reported a strong desire to obtain information regarding disease progression, especially extraintestinal symptoms.

title: Living with @entity1 : A XXXX Canada survey.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in therapies for @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity0 quality of life continues to be significantly impacted. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of @entity3 on @entity0 and families with regard to leisure, relationships, mental well-being and financial security, and to evaluate the quality and availability of @entity3 information. METHODS: An online survey was advertised on the @entity2 Canada website, and at gastroenterology clinics at the University of Alberta Hospital (Edmonton, Alberta) and University of Calgary Hospital (Calgary, Alberta). RESULTS: The survey was completed by 281 @entity3 @entity0 and 32 family members. Among respondents with @entity3 , 64% reported a significant or major impact on leisure activities, 52% a significant or major impact on interpersonal relationships, 40% a significant or major impact on financial security, and 28% a significant or major impact on planning to start a family. @entity0 information needs emphasized understanding disease progression (84%) and extraintestinal symptoms (82%). There was a strong interest in support systems such as health care insurance (70%) and alternative therapies (66%). The most common source of information for @entity0 was their gastroenterologist (70%); however, most (70%) @entity0 preferred to obtain their information from the @entity2 Canada website. CONCLUSIONS: The impact of @entity3 on interpersonal relationships and leisure activities was significant among @entity3 @entity0 and their families. Understanding the disease, but also alternative treatment options, was of high interest. Currently, there is a discrepancy between interest in information topics and their availability. Respondents reported a strong desire to obtain information regarding disease progression, especially extraintestinal symptoms.

title: Living with XXXX : A @entity2 Canada survey.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The pathophysiology underlying postural instability in @entity1 is poorly understood. The frequent co-existence with freezing of gait raises the possibility of shared pathophysiology. There is evidence that dysfunction of brainstem structures contribute to freezing of gait. Here, we evaluated whether dysfunction of these structures contributes to postural instability as well. Brainstem function was assessed by studying the StartReact effect (acceleration of latencies by a startling acoustic stimulus (SAS)). METHODS: We included 25 @entity0 , divided in two different ways: 1) those with postural instability (HY = 3, n = 11) versus those without (HY<3, n = 14); and 2) those with freezing (n = 11) versus those without freezing (n = 14). We also tested 15 matched healthy controls. We tested postural responses by translating a balance platform in the forward direction, resulting in backward balance perturbations. In 25% of trials, the start of the balance perturbation was accompanied by a SAS. RESULTS: The amplitude of automatic postural responses and length of the first balance correcting step were smaller in @entity0 with postural instability compared to @entity0 without postural instability, but did not differ between freezers and non-freezers. In contrast, the StartReact effect was intact in @entity0 with postural instability but was attenuated in freezers. DISCUSSION: We suggest that the mechanisms underlying freezing of gait and postural instability in @entity1 are at least partly different. Underscaling of automatic postural responses and balance-correcting steps both contribute to postural instability. The attenuated StartReact effect was seen only in freezers and likely reflects inadequate representation of motor programs at upper brainstem level.

title: StartReact Effects Support Different Pathophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Freezing of Gait and Postural Instability in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN:                 <AbstractText Label="CASE REPORT" NlmCategory="METHODS"/>                <AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">We report a case of proximal junctional failure at the ankylosed, but not the mobile, junction following segmental instrumented fusion for @entity4 with @entity1 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Proximal junctional failure (PJF) and proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) are important complications that occur subsequent to long-segment instrumentation for correction of adult @entity2 . Thus far, most studies have focused on the mobile junction as a site at which PJK/PJF can occur, and little is known about the relationship between PJK/PJF and ankylosing spinal disorders such as @entity8 ( @entity8 ). METHOD: The @entity0 was an 82-year-old @entity0 with @entity4 . She had abnormal confluent @entity7 in the anterior longitudinal ligaments from Th5 to Th10. The @entity0 was treated operatively with spinal instrumented fusion from Th10 to the sacrum. RESULTS: Four weeks subsequent to initial surgery, the @entity0 developed progressive @entity6 paresis caused by the uppermost instrumented @entity3 (Th10) and adjacent subluxation (Th9). Extension of fusion to Th5 with decompression at Th9-10 was performed. However, the @entity0 showed no improvement in neurological function. CONCLUSION: PJF can occur at the ankylosing site above the uppermost instrumented vertebrae following long-segment instrumentation for adult @entity2 . PJF in the ankylosed spine may cause severe @entity3 instability and @entity5 . The ankylosed spine should be integrated into the objective determination of materials contributing to the appropriate selection of fusion levels.

title: Proximal Junctional Failure following long-segment Instrumentation for XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY DESIGN:                 <AbstractText Label="CASE REPORT" NlmCategory="METHODS"/>                <AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">We report a case of proximal junctional failure at the ankylosed, but not the mobile, junction following segmental instrumented fusion for @entity4 with @entity1 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Proximal junctional failure (PJF) and proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) are important complications that occur subsequent to long-segment instrumentation for correction of adult @entity2 . Thus far, most studies have focused on the mobile junction as a site at which PJK/PJF can occur, and little is known about the relationship between PJK/PJF and ankylosing spinal disorders such as @entity8 ( @entity8 ). METHOD: The @entity0 was an 82-year-old @entity0 with @entity4 . She had abnormal confluent @entity7 in the anterior longitudinal ligaments from Th5 to Th10. The @entity0 was treated operatively with spinal instrumented fusion from Th10 to the sacrum. RESULTS: Four weeks subsequent to initial surgery, the @entity0 developed progressive @entity6 paresis caused by the uppermost instrumented @entity3 (Th10) and adjacent subluxation (Th9). Extension of fusion to Th5 with decompression at Th9-10 was performed. However, the @entity0 showed no improvement in neurological function. CONCLUSION: PJF can occur at the ankylosing site above the uppermost instrumented vertebrae following long-segment instrumentation for adult @entity2 . PJF in the ankylosed spine may cause severe @entity3 instability and @entity5 . The ankylosed spine should be integrated into the objective determination of materials contributing to the appropriate selection of fusion levels.

title: Proximal Junctional Failure following long-segment Instrumentation for @entity4 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Ninety-nine cases of peripheral @entity3 in @entity0 treated at Ste. Justine's Hospital over a 10 year period were reviewed. Sexes were nearly equally affected with a slightly higher incidence in female. Cases were distributed quite evenly throughout childhood except for a definitely higher incidence in the 0--2 year old group. @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity1 were found to be the most frequent causes of @entity3 in that group of cases. Cases of @entity1 did generally well on antibiotics and nearly 70 per cent so recovered completely. Twenty per cent only had to undergo simple mastoidectomy and two cases a decompression. Out of 25 cases of @entity4 , 18 recovered totally without surgery and four were decompressed with total or partial recovery. Following this study, the need for a more complete evaluation and somewhat more standardized treatment became obvious. This may permit in the future a more adequate knowledge of the problem and likely a better management.

title: [ XXXX in @entity0 --study of 99 cases].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Ninety-nine cases of peripheral @entity3 in @entity0 treated at Ste. Justine's Hospital over a 10 year period were reviewed. Sexes were nearly equally affected with a slightly higher incidence in female. Cases were distributed quite evenly throughout childhood except for a definitely higher incidence in the 0--2 year old group. @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity1 were found to be the most frequent causes of @entity3 in that group of cases. Cases of @entity1 did generally well on antibiotics and nearly 70 per cent so recovered completely. Twenty per cent only had to undergo simple mastoidectomy and two cases a decompression. Out of 25 cases of @entity4 , 18 recovered totally without surgery and four were decompressed with total or partial recovery. Following this study, the need for a more complete evaluation and somewhat more standardized treatment became obvious. This may permit in the future a more adequate knowledge of the problem and likely a better management.

title: [ @entity3 in XXXX --study of 99 cases].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Estimates of familial risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are needed for counseling of @entity0 and could be used to target future prevention. We aimed to provide comprehensive population-based estimates of familial risk of @entity4 . METHODS: The study encompassed the entire Danish population during 1977-2011 (N=8,295,773; 200 million @entity0 -years). From national registries, we obtained information on diagnosis date of @entity4 (N=45,780) and family ties. Using Poisson regression, we estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of @entity4 in relatives of @entity4 cases compared with individuals with relatives of the same type without @entity4 . RESULTS: The risk of @entity2 was significantly increased in first-degree (IRR, 7.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 7.05-8.56), second-degree (IRR, 2.44; 95% CI, 2.01-2.96), and third-degree relatives (IRR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.30-2.71) to @entity0 with @entity2 , and was less pronounced in relatives to @entity3 cases. Likewise, the risk of @entity3 was increased in first-degree (IRR, 4.08; 95% CI, 3.81-4.38), second-degree (IRR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.60-2.13), and third-degree relatives (IRR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.07-2.12) of @entity3 cases, and less pronounced in relatives of @entity2 cases. IRRs increased with two or more @entity4 -affected relatives and were modified by age, with the highest family-related IRR observed in early life. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of @entity4 is significantly increased in first -, second-, and third-degree relatives of @entity4 -affected cases, with up to 12% of all @entity4 cases being family cases. The risk is particularly pronounced in young individuals.

title: Familial Risk of XXXX : A Population-Based Cohort Study 1977-2011.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Histology remains a cornerstone for antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) diagnosis. Little data exist supporting histology for assessing therapeutic responses. This study evaluates histologic components in assessing AMR therapeutic responses. METHODS: Antibody-mediated rejection was diagnosed using Antibody Working Group criteria and Banff component scoring, and C4d staining data were analyzed. Statistics included independent and paired samples t test,   , Fisher exact, or the Wilcoxon-signed rank test. Fifty-five AMR @entity0 were analyzed. Early AMR was defined as occurring within 6 months after transplantation and treated with a single rituximab dose and 4 @entity4 doses preceded by plasmapheresis. Allograft biopsies were performed within 48 hours of treatment; repeat biopsy was performed 14 to 21 days later. RESULTS: Early AMR demonstrated histologic improvement in mean scores for acute Banff components glomerulitis (g), C4d, g+ peritubular capillaritis (ptc) and acute composite score, but showed @entity3 and @entity2 . Late AMR showed improved mean scores for acute @entity5 , @entity1 , g, ptc, g + ptc, C4d, and acute composite score, but chronic scores did not change. Significant changes in distribution of Banff scores after treatment were observed for g, C4d, tubular @entity3 , and @entity2 scores in early AMR @entity0 and @entity6 , @entity1 , g, ptc, and C4d in late AMR. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that: (1) Banff component scoring provides insights into histologic responses to AMR therapy and may provide a potential endpoint for clinical AMR trials. (2) Early and late AMR demonstrate differences in acute and chronic Banff components at the time of the AMR diagnostic biopsy, as well as differential responses to AMR therapy.

title: A Banff Component Scoring-based Histologic Assessment of XXXX -based Antibody-mediated Rejection Therapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Inhaled vapours may stimulate both olfactory receptor cells and endings of the trigeminal nerve. The trigeminal nerve often contributes a pungent, irritating attribute to odours. Many odorants exhibit some pungency when dilute and most become pungent when concentrated. Because the trigeminal system commonly shares the chemosensory burden with olfaction, it is relevant to ask whether these anatomically distinct systems interact. Two obscure psychophysical observations argue for an inhibitory influence of trigeminal over olfactory activity. Katz and Talbert observed that a vapour with both odour and pungency might lose odour at high concentrations, @entity0 masking odour. The nineteenth century philosopher Alexander Bain, nothing that concentrated @entity1 ( @entity2 ) evokes pungency, remarked "if a current of @entity2 accompanies an odour, the effect (odour) is arrested" (ref. 8). We have taken up Bain's forgotten observation and used @entity1 to endow otherwise benign concentrations of odorant with varying degrees of pungency. The experiments reported here reveal a strong mutual interaction between pungency and odour, occurring without attenuation even when irritant enters one nostril and odorant the other.

title: Interaction between chemoreceptive modalities of odour and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid flow dynamics of 15 @entity0 with occlusive @entity1 was studied using RI cisternography (RIC) and @entity5 CT cisternography (CTC) and these methods were compared. RIC demonstrated RI retention in 9 @entity0 , which was noticed in all chronic stage @entity0 (over one month after apopletic episode). Five @entity0 had @entity3 in affected cerebral hemisphere. @entity2 , however, was present in only one @entity0 . @entity5 CTC (170 mgI/ml) showed @entity2 or @entity4 in 11 of 16 @entity0 . Seven @entity0 revaaled asymmetrical @entity5 filling of Sylvian fissures at 3 or 6 hours after intrathecal injection of @entity5 . Asymmetrical demonstration of Sylvian fissure after 3 hours in 3 @entity0 corresponded with the finding of @entity3 at the same side on RIC. The clinical values of CTC were emphasized on the basis of this investigation. @entity2 or @entity4 , which indicated one of the important findings on cerebrospinal fluid flow disturbance, was easily and clearly detected. Asymmetrical @entity5 filling of Sylvian fissures at 3 hours after injection was compatible with @entity3 on RIC.

title: [Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in occlusive XXXX --comparison with computed tomography and radioisotope cisternography (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Transaortic left ventricular septal myectomy described by Morrow is a classical procedure for the treatment of systolic anterior motion of the mitral apparatus associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We aimed to review our results of transmitral septal myectomy and mitral valve repair/replacement in @entity0 with @entity2 associated with @entity4 , operated on through a minimally invasive approach. METHODS: Between 2005 and 2014, 19 @entity0 [7 @entity0 (37%); mean (SD) age, 69.4 (14.5) years] were treated with minimally invasive approach for @entity2 and @entity4 . Preoperative peak left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient was 66 (24) mm Hg. Severe @entity2 was diagnosed in 16 cases (84%). New York Heart Association functional class III to IV @entity3 was present in 13 @entity0 (68%). RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 (79%) underwent mitral valve replacement, and four @entity0 (21%) underwent mitral valve repair. @entity6 was corrected directly in all @entity0 via the mitral valve with septal myectomy/myotomy, avoiding aortotomy in majority of the @entity0 . No significant prolongation of extracorporeal circulation/aortic cross-clamping times was observed (P = 0.41 and P = 0.67, respectively) when compared with a similar population without @entity4 . No iatrogenic @entity5 developed in treated @entity0 . No hospital mortality occurred. Resting LVOT gradient reduced at discharge to 13 (22) mm Hg (P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Transmitral left ventricular septal myectomy in @entity0 with @entity1 is quite a simple, feasible, and effective technique and does not require aortotomy in most cases. It can be performed with low early mortality and satisfactory resolution of @entity6 in a minimally invasive setting.

title: Minimally Invasive Septal Myectomy for the Treatment of XXXX and Intrinsic @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Transaortic left ventricular septal myectomy described by Morrow is a classical procedure for the treatment of systolic anterior motion of the mitral apparatus associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We aimed to review our results of transmitral septal myectomy and mitral valve repair/replacement in @entity0 with @entity2 associated with @entity4 , operated on through a minimally invasive approach. METHODS: Between 2005 and 2014, 19 @entity0 [7 @entity0 (37%); mean (SD) age, 69.4 (14.5) years] were treated with minimally invasive approach for @entity2 and @entity4 . Preoperative peak left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient was 66 (24) mm Hg. Severe @entity2 was diagnosed in 16 cases (84%). New York Heart Association functional class III to IV @entity3 was present in 13 @entity0 (68%). RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 (79%) underwent mitral valve replacement, and four @entity0 (21%) underwent mitral valve repair. @entity6 was corrected directly in all @entity0 via the mitral valve with septal myectomy/myotomy, avoiding aortotomy in majority of the @entity0 . No significant prolongation of extracorporeal circulation/aortic cross-clamping times was observed (P = 0.41 and P = 0.67, respectively) when compared with a similar population without @entity4 . No iatrogenic @entity5 developed in treated @entity0 . No hospital mortality occurred. Resting LVOT gradient reduced at discharge to 13 (22) mm Hg (P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Transmitral left ventricular septal myectomy in @entity0 with @entity1 is quite a simple, feasible, and effective technique and does not require aortotomy in most cases. It can be performed with low early mortality and satisfactory resolution of @entity6 in a minimally invasive setting.

title: Minimally Invasive Septal Myectomy for the Treatment of @entity4 and Intrinsic XXXX .

answer: @entity2