abstract: @entity3 has been reported to be a side effect of treatment with interferon, and Sho-saiko-to (Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang) may enhance this side effect. It is well known that activated neutrophils are important mediators of @entity6 , so we studied the effects of interferon and Sho-saiko-to on neutrophil activation. Homogenized lung @entity5 ( @entity5 ) activity was assayed after intraperitoneal injection of interferon with or without pretreatment with Sho-saiko-to. Although Sho-saiko-to alone did not change the lung @entity5 content, @entity5 in the lung was significantly increased by interferon administration. The increase was enhanced further by pretreatment with Sho-saiko-to. When the accumulated neutrophils are activated by some cytokines, such as @entity2 or @entity4 from monocytes/macrophages, they may damage lung tissue. We therefore studied the effects of Sho-saiko-to and interferon on @entity2 production in freshly isolated @entity0 monocytes. Sho-saiko-to increased the production of @entity2 , but interferon did not. In addition, Sho-saiko-to significantly increased the production of @entity2 by monocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. Taken together, these data indicate that interferon causes neutrophils to accumulate in the lung. Sho-saiko-to alone may not injure lung tissue, but it increases the effect of interferon. When stimulated by some antigen, Sho-saiko-to may overstimulate the neutrophils. Granulocytes elastase and @entity1 radicals released from activated neutrophils may damage lung tissue. The fibroblasts that repair the damaged tissue may increase the risk of @entity6 .

title: [A possible mechanism of XXXX during interferon therapy with sho-saiko-to].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a mediator of @entity1 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ), conditions which are characterized by high-permeability @entity3 . LPS increases endothelial permeability both directly and indirectly via the pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by monocytes and macrophages. We investigated the role of soluble @entity4 in serum in the increased endothelial permeability induced by LPS. @entity0 pulmonary artery endothelial cells were grown to confluence on a microporous filter and the 125I-albumin clearance rate across the monolayer was determined. Even a high concentration of LPS (1 microgram/ml) did not increase endothelial permeability under a serum-free condition. In the presence of more than 3% normal human serum, LPS increased endothelial permeability. The presence of neutralizing anti- @entity4 monoclonal antibody eliminated the serum-dependent effect of LPS. The addition of recombinant sCD14 completely replaced the requirement for serum. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) did not enhance the rsCD14-mediated LPS effect, and anti- @entity5 antibody did not attenuate the serum-dependent LPS effect. These findings suggest that sCD14 in serum mediates the permeability-increasing effect on LPS on endothelial cells but that @entity5 is not necessary for this effect.

title: Soluble XXXX in serum mediates LPS-induced increase in permeability of @entity0 pulmonary arterial endothelial cell monolayers in vitro.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a mediator of @entity1 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ), conditions which are characterized by high-permeability @entity3 . LPS increases endothelial permeability both directly and indirectly via the pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by monocytes and macrophages. We investigated the role of soluble @entity4 in serum in the increased endothelial permeability induced by LPS. @entity0 pulmonary artery endothelial cells were grown to confluence on a microporous filter and the 125I-albumin clearance rate across the monolayer was determined. Even a high concentration of LPS (1 microgram/ml) did not increase endothelial permeability under a serum-free condition. In the presence of more than 3% normal human serum, LPS increased endothelial permeability. The presence of neutralizing anti- @entity4 monoclonal antibody eliminated the serum-dependent effect of LPS. The addition of recombinant sCD14 completely replaced the requirement for serum. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) did not enhance the rsCD14-mediated LPS effect, and anti- @entity5 antibody did not attenuate the serum-dependent LPS effect. These findings suggest that sCD14 in serum mediates the permeability-increasing effect on LPS on endothelial cells but that @entity5 is not necessary for this effect.

title: Soluble @entity4 in serum mediates LPS-induced increase in permeability of XXXX pulmonary arterial endothelial cell monolayers in vitro.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Insulin-dependent or type 1 @entity1 is a prototypic autoimmune disease whose incidence steadily increased over the past decades in industrialized countries. Recent evidence suggests the importance of the gut microbiota to explain this trend. Here, non-obese @entity1 (NOD) @entity2 that spontaneously develop autoimmune type 1 @entity1 were treated with different antibiotics to explore the influence of a targeted @entity10 in the progression of the disease. A mixture of wide spectrum antibiotics (i.e. @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity5 ) or @entity7 alone were administered orally from the moment of conception, treating breeding pairs, and during the postnatal and adult life until the end of follow-up at 40 weeks. @entity1 significantly and similarly increased in male @entity2 following treatment with these two antibiotic regimens. In NOD females a slight yet not significant trend towards an increase in disease incidence was observed. Changes in gut microbiota composition were assessed by sequencing the V3 region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Administration of the antibiotic mixture resulted in near complete ablation of the gut microbiota. @entity7 treatment led to increased @entity3 , Lactobacillus and Sutterella genera and decreased members of the Clostridiales order and Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae and Rikenellaceae families, as compared to control @entity2 . Massive elimination of @entity4 -producing cells, both @entity6 +TCRab+ and TCRy  + T cells was observed in the lamina propria of the ileum and the colon of @entity7 -treated @entity2 . These results show that a directed even partial ablation of the gut microbiota, as induced by @entity7 , significantly increases type 1 @entity1 incidence in male NOD @entity2 thus prompting for caution in the use of antibiotics in pregnant @entity0 and newborns.

title: Antibiotics in early life alter the gut microbiome and increase disease incidence in a spontaneous XXXX model of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Many single-agent phase II studies for @entity0 with @entity2 had been performed, and at least five agents with modest activity have been indentified, BLM, @entity4 , CDDP, VDS and @entity6 , that revealed no CR. Even in the phase II study of 254-S, a new anticancer @entity3 complex, with a response rate of 43%, CR could not be recognized. Only two regimens of combination chemotherapy have been studied extensively, CDDP/BLM/VDS and CDDP/ @entity5 . The combination of CDDP/ @entity5 has gained popularity and JEOG phase II study revealed a response rate of 36%. As surgical adjuvant therapy, postoperative adjuvant therapy has been common in Japan. The 4th JEOG phase III clinical trial, comparing surgery alone and postoperative chemotherapy of CDDP/VDS, showed no additive effect to surgery by postoperative chemotherapy with such a regimen. In western countries, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is frequent and most of the regimens include CDDP/ @entity5 . Pathological CR rates were less than 10%, and median survival terms were from eight to 28 months. The rationale for the concurrent use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is to combine an agent that has an effect upon systemic micrometastases with a modality that enhances @entity1 control. In addition, a number of chemotherapeutic agents have radiosensitizing effects. In western countries, more than 35 trials studying over 1400 @entity0 have been reported. The majority of trials have employed CDDP/ @entity5 combined with RT to a total dose of 30Gy. Pathological CR rates were from 20 to 40% and median survival terms were from 12 to 29 months. Both neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy did not change operative morbidity or mortality, and there was a statistically significant increase in survival in complete responders. However, early and median survival seems improved but cure rates are not. Both therapies require further investigation.

title: [Chemotherapy and multimodality therapy in the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: A @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is the first lymph node to drain a solid @entity3 and likely the first place @entity2 will travel. @entity7 biopsy has been well established as a staging tool for @entity6 and @entity0 to guide lymph node dissection (LND); its utility in @entity4 is debated. We performed a systematic search of PubMed for both @entity1 and animal studies that looked at @entity7 detection in cases of @entity4 . We identified a total of nine studies that assessed a variety of imaging techniques to identify SLNs in @entity1 with @entity4 . Eight studies investigated @entity1 @entity1 while one looked at animal ( @entity5 ) models. Seven studies representing 156 @entity1 noted the negative predictive value of the @entity7 to predict a @entity2 free state was 92% (92/100). The @entity7 biopsy was less accurate in metastatic @entity1 with a positive predictive value of only 77% (43/56) with a false negative range of in individual studies of 0-19%. Clinically, positive nodes routinely do not take up the pharmaceutical agent for @entity7 . Therefore, @entity7 biopsy is a promising concept with a 92% negative predictive value; however, the false negative rates are high which may be improved by standardizing populations and indications. Novel technologies are improving the detection of @entity7 and may provide the surgeon with an improved ability to detect micrometastasis, guide surgery, and reduce @entity1 morbidity.

title: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in XXXX : Systematic review and technology update.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The nature of inflammatory lymphocytes recruited to the CNS has been studied in a model of @entity1 . Injection of killed Corynebacterium parvum into the cortex of the @entity0 brain produces a circumscribed inflammatory cellular infiltrate around the injection site, and recruited mononuclear inflammatory cells (IC) can be isolated for flow cytometric analysis. The majority of IC were T cells. In comparison with the predominant naive population of mesenteric lymph node T cells, @entity3 cells express much higher levels of @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity10 , and lower levels of CD45RB, features commonly associated with memory (previously activated) cells. In addition, in contrast to the @entity8 + alpha 6-integrinlow phenotype of naive lymph node T cells, @entity3 cells lacked @entity8 and were alpha 6-integrin-. @entity5 , recently proposed as another marker of memory T cell differentiation, was not displayed by @entity3 cells, suggesting that @entity5 expression may be heterogeneous among memory T cell subsets. A subset of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cells, probably representing activated T cells undergoing the naive to memory transition, but not of @entity3 cells, expressed high levels of alpha 6-, beta 7- and alpha E-integrin. IC and MLN naive T cells expressed comparable levels of alpha 4-integrin, but @entity3 cells stain poorly with anti-beta 7 mAbs and with mAb DATK 32, specific for the alpha 4 beta 7 heterodimeric lymphocyte homing receptor for the mucosal addressin @entity11 , suggesting that these inflammatory cells express more alpha 4 beta 1 than alpha 4 beta 7. Consistent with this, in in vitro adhesion assays, @entity2 bound better than MLN cells to the alpha 4 beta 1 integrin ligand @entity9 and the @entity7 ligand @entity10 but adhered very poorly to the alpha 4 beta 7 ligand @entity11 . These findings are consistent with and extend previous immunohistological studies of T cells in @entity0 experimental autoimmune @entity4 , and demonstrate a distinctive phenotype for lymphocytes being present in the chronically inflamed brain.

title: Lymphocytes infiltrating the CNS during @entity1 display a distinctive phenotype and bind to @entity9 but not to XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: The nature of inflammatory lymphocytes recruited to the CNS has been studied in a model of @entity1 . Injection of killed Corynebacterium parvum into the cortex of the @entity0 brain produces a circumscribed inflammatory cellular infiltrate around the injection site, and recruited mononuclear inflammatory cells (IC) can be isolated for flow cytometric analysis. The majority of IC were T cells. In comparison with the predominant naive population of mesenteric lymph node T cells, @entity3 cells express much higher levels of @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity10 , and lower levels of CD45RB, features commonly associated with memory (previously activated) cells. In addition, in contrast to the @entity8 + alpha 6-integrinlow phenotype of naive lymph node T cells, @entity3 cells lacked @entity8 and were alpha 6-integrin-. @entity5 , recently proposed as another marker of memory T cell differentiation, was not displayed by @entity3 cells, suggesting that @entity5 expression may be heterogeneous among memory T cell subsets. A subset of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cells, probably representing activated T cells undergoing the naive to memory transition, but not of @entity3 cells, expressed high levels of alpha 6-, beta 7- and alpha E-integrin. IC and MLN naive T cells expressed comparable levels of alpha 4-integrin, but @entity3 cells stain poorly with anti-beta 7 mAbs and with mAb DATK 32, specific for the alpha 4 beta 7 heterodimeric lymphocyte homing receptor for the mucosal addressin @entity11 , suggesting that these inflammatory cells express more alpha 4 beta 1 than alpha 4 beta 7. Consistent with this, in in vitro adhesion assays, @entity2 bound better than MLN cells to the alpha 4 beta 1 integrin ligand @entity9 and the @entity7 ligand @entity10 but adhered very poorly to the alpha 4 beta 7 ligand @entity11 . These findings are consistent with and extend previous immunohistological studies of T cells in @entity0 experimental autoimmune @entity4 , and demonstrate a distinctive phenotype for lymphocytes being present in the chronically inflamed brain.

title: Lymphocytes infiltrating the CNS during XXXX display a distinctive phenotype and bind to @entity9 but not to @entity11 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The nature of inflammatory lymphocytes recruited to the CNS has been studied in a model of @entity1 . Injection of killed Corynebacterium parvum into the cortex of the @entity0 brain produces a circumscribed inflammatory cellular infiltrate around the injection site, and recruited mononuclear inflammatory cells (IC) can be isolated for flow cytometric analysis. The majority of IC were T cells. In comparison with the predominant naive population of mesenteric lymph node T cells, @entity3 cells express much higher levels of @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity10 , and lower levels of CD45RB, features commonly associated with memory (previously activated) cells. In addition, in contrast to the @entity8 + alpha 6-integrinlow phenotype of naive lymph node T cells, @entity3 cells lacked @entity8 and were alpha 6-integrin-. @entity5 , recently proposed as another marker of memory T cell differentiation, was not displayed by @entity3 cells, suggesting that @entity5 expression may be heterogeneous among memory T cell subsets. A subset of mesenteric lymph node (MLN) T cells, probably representing activated T cells undergoing the naive to memory transition, but not of @entity3 cells, expressed high levels of alpha 6-, beta 7- and alpha E-integrin. IC and MLN naive T cells expressed comparable levels of alpha 4-integrin, but @entity3 cells stain poorly with anti-beta 7 mAbs and with mAb DATK 32, specific for the alpha 4 beta 7 heterodimeric lymphocyte homing receptor for the mucosal addressin @entity11 , suggesting that these inflammatory cells express more alpha 4 beta 1 than alpha 4 beta 7. Consistent with this, in in vitro adhesion assays, @entity2 bound better than MLN cells to the alpha 4 beta 1 integrin ligand @entity9 and the @entity7 ligand @entity10 but adhered very poorly to the alpha 4 beta 7 ligand @entity11 . These findings are consistent with and extend previous immunohistological studies of T cells in @entity0 experimental autoimmune @entity4 , and demonstrate a distinctive phenotype for lymphocytes being present in the chronically inflamed brain.

title: Lymphocytes infiltrating the CNS during @entity1 display a distinctive phenotype and bind to XXXX but not to @entity11 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: We have recently shown that the ability of some gram-negative bacteria to dissolve poorly soluble @entity2 phosphates (Mps+ phenotype) is the result of periplasmic oxidation of @entity1 to @entity8 via the quinoprotein @entity1 dehydrogenase (GDH), a component of the direct oxidation pathway. @entity5 derivatives synthesize apo-GDH but not the cofactor @entity9 ( @entity10 ) essential for formation of the holoenzyme. Therefore, in the absence of exogenous @entity10 , these strains do not produce @entity8 and are Mps-. Evidence is presented to show that expression of a single 396-base @entity7 open reading frame (designated gabY) in @entity3 JM109 (a @entity5 derivative) was sufficient to induce the Mps+ phenotype and production of @entity8 . We present the @entity0 sequence of this open reading frame which coded for a protein (GabY) with a deduced M(r) of 14,235. Coupled transcription-translation of a plasmid (pSLY4 or pGAB1) carrying gabY resulted in production of a protein with an M(r) of 14,750. Disruption of the open reading frame of gabY via site-directed mutagenesis changed the phenotype to Mps- and eliminated @entity8 production. The deduced @entity4 sequence of gabY has no apparent homology with those of previously cloned direct oxidation pathway genes but does share regions highly homologous with the @entity6 permease system membrane-bound protein HisQ as well as other proteins in this family. In the presence of 1 microM exogenous @entity10 , both JM109(pSLY4) and JM109(pGAB1) produced 10 times as much @entity8 as was seen with either the plasmid or exogenous @entity10 alone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Cloning of a mineral phosphate-solubilizing gene from XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Rapid growth in the field of stem cell research has generated a lot of interest in their therapeutic use, especially in the treatment of @entity4 . Specifically, @entity0 neural progenitor cells (hNPCs), unique in their capability to differentiate into cells of the neural lineage, have been widely investigated due to their ability to survive, thrive, and migrate toward injured tissues. Still, one of the major roadblocks for clinical applicability arises from the inability to monitor these cells following transplantation. Molecular imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have been explored to assess hNPC transplant location, migration, and survival. Here we investigated whether inducing hNPCs to overexpress ferritin (hNPCs(Fer)), an @entity2 storage protein, is sufficient to track these cells long term in the @entity1 striatum using MRI. We found that @entity3 on MRI images could establish hNPC(Fer) location. Unexpectedly, however, wild-type hNPC transplants were detected in a similar manner, which is likely due to increased @entity2 accumulation following transplantation-induced damage. Hence, we labeled hNPCs with superparamagnetic @entity5 (SPIO) nanoparticles to further increase @entity2 content in an attempt to enhance cell contrast in MRI. SPIO-labeling of hNPCs (hNPCs-SPIO) achieved @entity3 , with significantly greater area of decreased T2* compared to hNPC(Fer) (p   <   0.0001) and all other controls used. However, none of the techniques could be used to determine graft rejection in vivo, which is imperative for understanding cell behavior following transplantation. We conclude that in order for cell survival to be monitored in preclinical and clinical settings, another molecular imaging technique must be employed, including perhaps multimodal imaging, which would utilize MRI along with another imaging modality.

title: In Vivo Tracking of XXXX Neural Progenitor Cells in the @entity1 Brain Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is Not Enhanced by Ferritin Expression.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Rapid growth in the field of stem cell research has generated a lot of interest in their therapeutic use, especially in the treatment of @entity4 . Specifically, @entity0 neural progenitor cells (hNPCs), unique in their capability to differentiate into cells of the neural lineage, have been widely investigated due to their ability to survive, thrive, and migrate toward injured tissues. Still, one of the major roadblocks for clinical applicability arises from the inability to monitor these cells following transplantation. Molecular imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have been explored to assess hNPC transplant location, migration, and survival. Here we investigated whether inducing hNPCs to overexpress ferritin (hNPCs(Fer)), an @entity2 storage protein, is sufficient to track these cells long term in the @entity1 striatum using MRI. We found that @entity3 on MRI images could establish hNPC(Fer) location. Unexpectedly, however, wild-type hNPC transplants were detected in a similar manner, which is likely due to increased @entity2 accumulation following transplantation-induced damage. Hence, we labeled hNPCs with superparamagnetic @entity5 (SPIO) nanoparticles to further increase @entity2 content in an attempt to enhance cell contrast in MRI. SPIO-labeling of hNPCs (hNPCs-SPIO) achieved @entity3 , with significantly greater area of decreased T2* compared to hNPC(Fer) (p   <   0.0001) and all other controls used. However, none of the techniques could be used to determine graft rejection in vivo, which is imperative for understanding cell behavior following transplantation. We conclude that in order for cell survival to be monitored in preclinical and clinical settings, another molecular imaging technique must be employed, including perhaps multimodal imaging, which would utilize MRI along with another imaging modality.

title: In Vivo Tracking of @entity0 Neural Progenitor Cells in the XXXX Brain Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is Not Enhanced by Ferritin Expression.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 invade the central nervous system. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the main tool that is used to evaluate @entity3 . The useful sequences on MRI are dependent on the locations, such as intra-axial, extra-axial, and spinal cord. For intra-axial lesions, besides the fundamental sequences, including T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, advanced sequences, such as diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and MR spectroscopy, can be applied. They are occasionally used as determinants for quick and correct diagnosis. For extra-axial lesions, understanding the differences among 2D-conventional T1-weighted images, 2D-fat-saturated T1-weighted images, 3D-Spin echo sequences, and 3D-Gradient echo sequence after the administration of @entity1 is required to avoid wrong interpretations. FLAIR plus @entity1 is a useful tool for revealing abnormal enhancement on the brain surface. For the spinal cord, the sequences are limited. Evaluating the distribution and time course of the spinal cord are essential for correct diagnoses. We summarize the role of @entity2 and show the pitfalls, key points, and latest information in them on clinical practices.

title: [The Role of Imaging in Central XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate the innervation and vasomotor responses to classical and putative transmitters of the coronary venous bed. METHODS: The innervation of @entity0 epicardial coronary veins was investigated using acetylcholinesterase histochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, together with antisera against the general neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 ( @entity8 ), the @entity5 synthesising enzyme @entity1 hydroxylase, and neuropeptides [neuropeptide Y, vasoactive intestinal peptide ( @entity6 ), @entity7 , and @entity9 ( @entity9 )]. The vasomotor responses to @entity3 , @entity2 , neuropeptide Y, @entity7 , @entity0 alpha @entity9 (alpha @entity9 ), and @entity6 were tested on isolated circular @entity0 epicardial coronary vein segments. RESULTS: A network of nerve fibres was shown in the major epicardial coronary veins by means of an antiserum to @entity8 . The majority of the perivascular nerve fibres possessed neuropeptide Y and @entity1 hydroxylase immunoreactivity. Only a few nerve fibres displayed @entity7 , @entity9 , and @entity6 immunoreactivity and acetylcholinesterase activity. @entity3 and @entity2 induced powerful contractions of all the tested segments, whereas no contraction was induced by neuropeptide Y, alpha @entity9 , @entity7 , or @entity6 . All segments precontracted with @entity4 responded with potent relaxation to alpha @entity9 , @entity7 , and @entity6 , whereas @entity3 and @entity2 only in low concentrations induced weak relaxation of a few of the segments. No relaxation was induced by neuropeptide Y. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to demonstrate comprehensively the perivascular innervation of @entity0 coronary veins and corresponding vasomotor effects, suggesting a role in regulation of the coronary venous circulation.

title: Innervation of XXXX epicardial coronary veins: immunohistochemistry and vasomotility.

answer: @entity0


abstract: During oocyte maturation, capacity and sensitivity of @entity0 signaling machinery increases dramatically, preparing the metaphase II (MII)-arrested egg for fertilization. Upon sperm-egg fusion, @entity0 release from IP3-sensitive endoplasmic reticulum stores results in cytoplasmic @entity0 oscillations that drive egg activation and initiate early embryo development. Premature @entity0 release can cause parthenogenetic activation prior to fertilization; thus, preventing inappropriate @entity0 signaling is crucial for ensuring robust MII arrest. Here, we show that @entity3 ( @entity3 ) suppresses @entity0 release in MII eggs. @entity3 mRNA was recruited for translation during oocyte maturation, resulting in    20-fold more @entity3 protein in MII eggs than in fully grown immature oocytes. @entity3 -siRNA-injected oocytes matured to MII; however, they had increased sensitivity to low pH and @entity1 ( @entity2 ), which caused inappropriate @entity0 release and premature egg activation. When matured in vitro, @entity3 -depleted eggs underwent spontaneous @entity0 increases that were sufficient to cause premature zona pellucida conversion. @entity3 (-/-) females had reduced litter sizes, and their eggs had increased sensitivity to low pH and @entity2 . @entity3 (-/-) eggs also underwent premature zona pellucida conversion in vivo. These findings indicate that @entity3 functions as a brake to suppress premature @entity0 release in eggs that are poised on the brink of development.

title: XXXX ( @entity3 ) suppresses premature calcium release in mouse eggs.

answer: @entity3


abstract: During oocyte maturation, capacity and sensitivity of @entity0 signaling machinery increases dramatically, preparing the metaphase II (MII)-arrested egg for fertilization. Upon sperm-egg fusion, @entity0 release from IP3-sensitive endoplasmic reticulum stores results in cytoplasmic @entity0 oscillations that drive egg activation and initiate early embryo development. Premature @entity0 release can cause parthenogenetic activation prior to fertilization; thus, preventing inappropriate @entity0 signaling is crucial for ensuring robust MII arrest. Here, we show that @entity3 ( @entity3 ) suppresses @entity0 release in MII eggs. @entity3 mRNA was recruited for translation during oocyte maturation, resulting in    20-fold more @entity3 protein in MII eggs than in fully grown immature oocytes. @entity3 -siRNA-injected oocytes matured to MII; however, they had increased sensitivity to low pH and @entity1 ( @entity2 ), which caused inappropriate @entity0 release and premature egg activation. When matured in vitro, @entity3 -depleted eggs underwent spontaneous @entity0 increases that were sufficient to cause premature zona pellucida conversion. @entity3 (-/-) females had reduced litter sizes, and their eggs had increased sensitivity to low pH and @entity2 . @entity3 (-/-) eggs also underwent premature zona pellucida conversion in vivo. These findings indicate that @entity3 functions as a brake to suppress premature @entity0 release in eggs that are poised on the brink of development.

title: @entity3 ( XXXX ) suppresses premature calcium release in mouse eggs.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Small-volume resuscitation with 7.2% @entity4 /10% dextran 60 ( @entity6 ) restores cardiovascular stability faster than all other therapeutic modalities currently known. This study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of @entity6 on the brain, specifically on the formation of posttraumatic @entity5 . @entity6 was administered to anesthetized albino @entity1 with or without a focal cryogenic @entity0 and @entity3 . Specific gravity of small tissue samples was determined 4 h after injury and values were topographically assembled to form a color-coded map of both hemispheres, allowing for a high resolution mapping of @entity5 . Cerebral blood flow on the side of the lesion, as assessed by the H2 clearance method, increased transiently after injury but remained unchanged from baseline during shock and after infusion of @entity6 , indicating intact cerebrovascular autoregulation. The cryogenic lesion without subsequent @entity6 infusion resulted in significant @entity5 formation in grey and white matter of the exposed hemisphere. In injured animals, resuscitation with @entity6 led to a global reduction of brain water content in both hemispheres. We conclude that small-volume resuscitation with @entity6 does not worsen posttraumatic @entity5 . To the contrary, our results show that it decreases cerebral water content even in regions close to the injury. This makes it worthwhile to investigate the benefits of @entity6 for the treatment of @entity2 .

title: The effect of hypertonic fluid resuscitation on XXXX in @entity1 subjected to brain injury and @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Small-volume resuscitation with 7.2% @entity4 /10% dextran 60 ( @entity6 ) restores cardiovascular stability faster than all other therapeutic modalities currently known. This study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of @entity6 on the brain, specifically on the formation of posttraumatic @entity5 . @entity6 was administered to anesthetized albino @entity1 with or without a focal cryogenic @entity0 and @entity3 . Specific gravity of small tissue samples was determined 4 h after injury and values were topographically assembled to form a color-coded map of both hemispheres, allowing for a high resolution mapping of @entity5 . Cerebral blood flow on the side of the lesion, as assessed by the H2 clearance method, increased transiently after injury but remained unchanged from baseline during shock and after infusion of @entity6 , indicating intact cerebrovascular autoregulation. The cryogenic lesion without subsequent @entity6 infusion resulted in significant @entity5 formation in grey and white matter of the exposed hemisphere. In injured animals, resuscitation with @entity6 led to a global reduction of brain water content in both hemispheres. We conclude that small-volume resuscitation with @entity6 does not worsen posttraumatic @entity5 . To the contrary, our results show that it decreases cerebral water content even in regions close to the injury. This makes it worthwhile to investigate the benefits of @entity6 for the treatment of @entity2 .

title: The effect of hypertonic fluid resuscitation on @entity5 in XXXX subjected to brain injury and @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Small-volume resuscitation with 7.2% @entity4 /10% dextran 60 ( @entity6 ) restores cardiovascular stability faster than all other therapeutic modalities currently known. This study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of @entity6 on the brain, specifically on the formation of posttraumatic @entity5 . @entity6 was administered to anesthetized albino @entity1 with or without a focal cryogenic @entity0 and @entity3 . Specific gravity of small tissue samples was determined 4 h after injury and values were topographically assembled to form a color-coded map of both hemispheres, allowing for a high resolution mapping of @entity5 . Cerebral blood flow on the side of the lesion, as assessed by the H2 clearance method, increased transiently after injury but remained unchanged from baseline during shock and after infusion of @entity6 , indicating intact cerebrovascular autoregulation. The cryogenic lesion without subsequent @entity6 infusion resulted in significant @entity5 formation in grey and white matter of the exposed hemisphere. In injured animals, resuscitation with @entity6 led to a global reduction of brain water content in both hemispheres. We conclude that small-volume resuscitation with @entity6 does not worsen posttraumatic @entity5 . To the contrary, our results show that it decreases cerebral water content even in regions close to the injury. This makes it worthwhile to investigate the benefits of @entity6 for the treatment of @entity2 .

title: The effect of hypertonic fluid resuscitation on @entity5 in @entity1 subjected to brain injury and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: There were applications of eye acupuncture for @entity1 @entity0 . Unfortunately, similar to many other Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatments, it lacks comprehensive evaluation and system review for its effect and safety. Objective. This study is a systematic review to appraise the safety and effectiveness of eye acupuncture for @entity1 . Methods. "Eye acupuncture therapy" in eleven databases was searched by randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials. The search activity was ended in April 2014. The data were extracted and assessed by three independent authors. Rev @entity0 5.0 software was used for data analysis with effect estimate presented as relative risk (RR) and mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval. Results. Sixteen trials (1120 @entity0 ) were involved with generally poor methodological quality. The study indicated that when eye acupuncture was combined with western medicine compared to western medicine, there was a significant difference in the areas of mental state, swallow function, and NDS. When eye acupuncture was combined with western medicine and rehabilitation compared to western medicine and rehabilitation, there was significant difference in the changes of SSS, FMA, and @entity2 symptoms evaluation. No adverse events or side effects have been reported. Conclusions. The current evidence is insufficient and the rigorously designed trials are warranted.

title: Eye Acupuncture Treatment for XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of @entity2 (NE) on DNA damage and reactive @entity0 species (ROS) generation in ovarian surface epithelial cells. METHOD: Non-tumorigenic, immortalized ovarian surface epithelial cells were treated with NE, @entity3 , and @entity3 followed by NE. The comet assay was performed on each treatment group to determine the amount of single and double-strand breaks induced by treatments. ROS levels for each treatment group were measured using the @entity4 fluorescence assay. Finally, RNA transcripts were measured for each treatment group with regards to the expression of DNA repair and oxidative stress genes. RESULTS: The mean tail moment of untreated cells was significantly greater than that of cells treated with NE (p=0.02). The mean tail moment of cells treated with @entity3 was significantly greater than that of cells treated with @entity3 followed by NE (p<0.01). Treatment with NE resulted in significantly less ROS generation than in untreated cells (p<0.01). NE treatment after @entity1 treatment resulted in a noticeable decrease in ROS generation. Genes associated with oxidative stress were upregulated in cells treated with @entity3 , however this upregulation was blunted when @entity3 -treated cells were treated subsequently with NE. CONCLUSION: NE is associated with decreased DNA damage and ROS production in ovarian surface epithelial cells. This effect is protective in the presence of the oxidative-damaging agent @entity3 . These results suggest an additional physiologic role for the stress hormone NE, in protecting ovarian surface epithelial cells from oxidative stress.

title: XXXX Reduces Reactive @entity0 Species (ROS) and DNA Damage in Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of @entity2 (NE) on DNA damage and reactive @entity0 species (ROS) generation in ovarian surface epithelial cells. METHOD: Non-tumorigenic, immortalized ovarian surface epithelial cells were treated with NE, @entity3 , and @entity3 followed by NE. The comet assay was performed on each treatment group to determine the amount of single and double-strand breaks induced by treatments. ROS levels for each treatment group were measured using the @entity4 fluorescence assay. Finally, RNA transcripts were measured for each treatment group with regards to the expression of DNA repair and oxidative stress genes. RESULTS: The mean tail moment of untreated cells was significantly greater than that of cells treated with NE (p=0.02). The mean tail moment of cells treated with @entity3 was significantly greater than that of cells treated with @entity3 followed by NE (p<0.01). Treatment with NE resulted in significantly less ROS generation than in untreated cells (p<0.01). NE treatment after @entity1 treatment resulted in a noticeable decrease in ROS generation. Genes associated with oxidative stress were upregulated in cells treated with @entity3 , however this upregulation was blunted when @entity3 -treated cells were treated subsequently with NE. CONCLUSION: NE is associated with decreased DNA damage and ROS production in ovarian surface epithelial cells. This effect is protective in the presence of the oxidative-damaging agent @entity3 . These results suggest an additional physiologic role for the stress hormone NE, in protecting ovarian surface epithelial cells from oxidative stress.

title: @entity2 Reduces Reactive XXXX Species (ROS) and DNA Damage in Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radical chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is an effective organ-sparing treatment option for @entity0 with locally advanced @entity2 (LAHNC). Despite advances in treatment for LAHNC, a significant minority of these @entity0 continue to fail to achieve complete response with standard CRT. By constructing a multi-modality functional imaging (FI) predictive biomarker for CRT outcome for @entity0 with LAHNC we hope to be able to reliably identify those @entity0 at high risk of failing standard CRT. Such a biomarker would in future enable CRT to be tailored to the specific biological characteristics of each @entity0 ' @entity1 , potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes. METHODS/DESIGN: The INSIGHT study is a single-centre, prospective, longitudinal multi-modality imaging study using functional MRI and FDG-PET/CT for @entity0 with @entity1 receiving radical CRT. Two cohorts of @entity0 are being recruited: one treated with, and another treated without, induction chemotherapy. All @entity0 receive radical intensity modulated radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy. @entity0 undergo functional imaging before, during and 3  months after completion of radiotherapy, as well as at the time of relapse, should that occur within the first two years after treatment. Serum samples are collected from @entity0 at the same time points as the FI scans for analysis of a panel of serum markers of @entity1 . DISCUSSION: The primary aim of the INSIGHT study is to acquire a prospective multi-parametric longitudinal data set comprising functional MRI, FDG PET/CT, and serum biomarker data from @entity0 with LAHNC undergoing primary radical CRT. This data set will be used to construct a predictive imaging biomarker for outcome after CRT for LAHNC. This predictive imaging biomarker will be used in future studies of functional imaging based treatment stratification for @entity0 with LAHNC. Additional objectives are: defining the reproducibility of FI parameters; determining robust methods for defining FI based biological target volumes for IMRT planning; creation of a searchable database of functional imaging data for data mining. The INSIGHT study will help to establish the role of FI in the clinical management of LAHNC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCRI H_N CSG ID 13860.

title: Prospective, longitudinal, multi-modal functional imaging for radical chemo-IMRT treatment of locally advanced XXXX : the INSIGHT study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Locally advanced @entity2 can be down staged by neoadjuvant therapy and the resultant @entity2 response can be quantified histologically. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess pathologic response of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in @entity0 with locally advanced @entity2 treated in Wad Medani Teaching Hospital (WMTH) and National @entity2 Institute (NCI), Wad Medani, Sudan. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 36 consecutive @entity0 with locally advanced @entity2 that were managed in WMTH and NCI during the period from 2006-2011 were reviewed. Preoperative pelvic radiotherapy was delivered. Total of 46 Gray were delivered concurrently with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) on the first and last week of radiation. Total mesorectal excision of the @entity2 either by anterior or abdominoperineal resections was planned at 6-8 weeks from completion of preoperative treatment. The pathological response to therapy was assessed by histopathology examination of the surgical specimen. RESULTS: Initial clinical staging of @entity0 revealed 58.3% of them were stage T3/T4N2M0 and 41.7% were stage T3N0M0. Down-staging to stage T1/T2N0M0 was found in 36.1% and stage T3N0M0 in 30.6%. No response was seen in 8.3% of cases with stage T3/T4N2M0 while complete clinical response (no residual) was seen in 25.0%. Complete histological response was observed 13.8%. Positive lymph-nodes @entity1 was confirmed in 8.3% of cases. CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation is a reasonable option for cases of @entity2 and deserves further evaluation.

title: Pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in Sudanese XXXX with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To spare organ function, partial resection of early diagnosed @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is applied for well-localized and small-volume @entity3 with increasing frequency, although recurrence of the @entity1 in the same kidney is occasionally observed. The aim of the present study was to establish objective prognostic parameters that would allow the selection of @entity1 suitable for an organsaving procedure. Of the 160 @entity0 undergoing a radical nephrectomy, 67 were included in this study. In 7/45 @entity0 with lymph-node dissection (15.6%), clinical staging revealed a false-negative lymph-node status. By means of conventional histopathology, multifocality could be demonstrated in 2/67 @entity0 (3%); in 1/67 @entity0 (1.5%), the ipsilateral adrenal gland was unexpectantly @entity1 -involved. Both @entity1 tissue and normal peritumoral tissue were examined for the presence of premalignant and @entity1 cells on the basis of DNA ploidy and of the expression of the @entity1 -associated G250 antigen, which is specifically expressed at the surface of @entity2 cells. In 40/67 (59.1%) peritumoral tissue specimens, cells with an abnormal DNA content could be observed using automated image analysis. In 12/67 cases (18%), cells obtained from peritumoral tissue also showed an aneuploid DNA histogram; 4/67 (6%) had a @entity1 -correlated DNA ploidy. Additionally, 38/67 (56.9%) of these tissues, histopathologically classified as normal, contained cells expressing the G250 antigen. These observations were independent of the stage or histological grade of the @entity1 . These data indicate that classic pathological parameters for @entity1 staging are insufficient for the detection of multifocality, occurring in more than 15% of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX : detection of abnormal cells in peritumoral tissue. A cytophotometry and immunocytochemistry study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The responses of @entity1 infected with @entity2 to treatment with @entity4 or @entity3 were monitored by faecal egg counts and by ELISA assay of anti-fluke antibodies. A first trial with experimentally infected heifers showed an increase in anti-fluke antibody titre as early as 2 weeks post- @entity0 . Eggs were first detected in the faeces 10 weeks after @entity0 . Egg output increased steadily over the next 8 weeks and then rapidly decreased. Treatment of a 20-week @entity0 with @entity4 was followed by a slow decrease in antibody titre 4 weeks later. This decrease continued over the next 40 weeks, but returned to pre- @entity0 levels in only 2 out of 4 animals. The faecal egg count fell to zero 2 weeks after treatment and remained so for the following 30 weeks, although 1 animal produced a few eggs 32 and 34 weeks post-treatment. Within this period, neither diagnostic technique discriminated between this persistently infected animal and the others. In a second trial, 45 @entity1 from a naturally infected herd were treated with @entity4 or @entity3 . The faecal egg counts of the treated @entity1 were zero within the following 2 months, whereas there were eggs in the faeces of the control (untreated) group. Nevertheless, the treated @entity1 showed a small, non-significant drop in anti-fluke antibody titre. These results demonstrate the need for new tools to monitor and evaluate accurately the efficacy of anthelmintic treatment.

title: Evaluation of @entity4 and @entity3 activity using ELISA and egg counts against XXXX in experimentally and naturally infected @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The responses of @entity1 infected with @entity2 to treatment with @entity4 or @entity3 were monitored by faecal egg counts and by ELISA assay of anti-fluke antibodies. A first trial with experimentally infected heifers showed an increase in anti-fluke antibody titre as early as 2 weeks post- @entity0 . Eggs were first detected in the faeces 10 weeks after @entity0 . Egg output increased steadily over the next 8 weeks and then rapidly decreased. Treatment of a 20-week @entity0 with @entity4 was followed by a slow decrease in antibody titre 4 weeks later. This decrease continued over the next 40 weeks, but returned to pre- @entity0 levels in only 2 out of 4 animals. The faecal egg count fell to zero 2 weeks after treatment and remained so for the following 30 weeks, although 1 animal produced a few eggs 32 and 34 weeks post-treatment. Within this period, neither diagnostic technique discriminated between this persistently infected animal and the others. In a second trial, 45 @entity1 from a naturally infected herd were treated with @entity4 or @entity3 . The faecal egg counts of the treated @entity1 were zero within the following 2 months, whereas there were eggs in the faeces of the control (untreated) group. Nevertheless, the treated @entity1 showed a small, non-significant drop in anti-fluke antibody titre. These results demonstrate the need for new tools to monitor and evaluate accurately the efficacy of anthelmintic treatment.

title: Evaluation of @entity4 and @entity3 activity using ELISA and egg counts against @entity2 in experimentally and naturally infected XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The responses of @entity1 infected with @entity2 to treatment with @entity4 or @entity3 were monitored by faecal egg counts and by ELISA assay of anti-fluke antibodies. A first trial with experimentally infected heifers showed an increase in anti-fluke antibody titre as early as 2 weeks post- @entity0 . Eggs were first detected in the faeces 10 weeks after @entity0 . Egg output increased steadily over the next 8 weeks and then rapidly decreased. Treatment of a 20-week @entity0 with @entity4 was followed by a slow decrease in antibody titre 4 weeks later. This decrease continued over the next 40 weeks, but returned to pre- @entity0 levels in only 2 out of 4 animals. The faecal egg count fell to zero 2 weeks after treatment and remained so for the following 30 weeks, although 1 animal produced a few eggs 32 and 34 weeks post-treatment. Within this period, neither diagnostic technique discriminated between this persistently infected animal and the others. In a second trial, 45 @entity1 from a naturally infected herd were treated with @entity4 or @entity3 . The faecal egg counts of the treated @entity1 were zero within the following 2 months, whereas there were eggs in the faeces of the control (untreated) group. Nevertheless, the treated @entity1 showed a small, non-significant drop in anti-fluke antibody titre. These results demonstrate the need for new tools to monitor and evaluate accurately the efficacy of anthelmintic treatment.

title: Evaluation of XXXX and @entity3 activity using ELISA and egg counts against @entity2 in experimentally and naturally infected @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The responses of @entity1 infected with @entity2 to treatment with @entity4 or @entity3 were monitored by faecal egg counts and by ELISA assay of anti-fluke antibodies. A first trial with experimentally infected heifers showed an increase in anti-fluke antibody titre as early as 2 weeks post- @entity0 . Eggs were first detected in the faeces 10 weeks after @entity0 . Egg output increased steadily over the next 8 weeks and then rapidly decreased. Treatment of a 20-week @entity0 with @entity4 was followed by a slow decrease in antibody titre 4 weeks later. This decrease continued over the next 40 weeks, but returned to pre- @entity0 levels in only 2 out of 4 animals. The faecal egg count fell to zero 2 weeks after treatment and remained so for the following 30 weeks, although 1 animal produced a few eggs 32 and 34 weeks post-treatment. Within this period, neither diagnostic technique discriminated between this persistently infected animal and the others. In a second trial, 45 @entity1 from a naturally infected herd were treated with @entity4 or @entity3 . The faecal egg counts of the treated @entity1 were zero within the following 2 months, whereas there were eggs in the faeces of the control (untreated) group. Nevertheless, the treated @entity1 showed a small, non-significant drop in anti-fluke antibody titre. These results demonstrate the need for new tools to monitor and evaluate accurately the efficacy of anthelmintic treatment.

title: Evaluation of @entity4 and XXXX activity using ELISA and egg counts against @entity2 in experimentally and naturally infected @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of @entity2 often results in @entity1 upon injection, which is sometimes very distressing for @entity0 . Many @entity0 report some degree of @entity1 or discomfort on injection with @entity2 . Injection-induced @entity1 during induction of anesthesia can result in @entity0 's discomfort. OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of @entity3 on @entity1 severity in @entity0 undergoing @entity2 injection. @entity0 AND METHODS: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 100 @entity0 with ASA class I and II undergoing anesthesia with @entity2 injection were selected for the study from 2012 to 2013 in Imam Reza training hospital. @entity0 were randomly assigned to case and control groups and received either 20  g of @entity3 or normal saline as placebo. The severity of injection @entity1 was assessed using a four-point scale. An anesthesiologist observed hemodynamic and local adverse effects. RESULTS: The @entity1 severity in @entity3 group was significantly lower compared with the placebo group (P < 0.0001). Moreover, the local adverse reactions were observed only in three @entity0 in the placebo group while no @entity0 in the drug group experienced adverse effects (P = 0.242). The systolic blood pressure showed no significant difference between two groups before and after the induction of anesthesia but the diastolic blood pressure and the heart rate was significantly different between study groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 may be a safe and effective adjuvant therapeutic for @entity1 reduction in @entity0 under @entity2 injection. Hence, its use for reduction of @entity2 injection-induced @entity1 is recommended.

title: The Effects of XXXX on Pain Control During the @entity2 Injection; a Controlled, Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of @entity2 often results in @entity1 upon injection, which is sometimes very distressing for @entity0 . Many @entity0 report some degree of @entity1 or discomfort on injection with @entity2 . Injection-induced @entity1 during induction of anesthesia can result in @entity0 's discomfort. OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of @entity3 on @entity1 severity in @entity0 undergoing @entity2 injection. @entity0 AND METHODS: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 100 @entity0 with ASA class I and II undergoing anesthesia with @entity2 injection were selected for the study from 2012 to 2013 in Imam Reza training hospital. @entity0 were randomly assigned to case and control groups and received either 20  g of @entity3 or normal saline as placebo. The severity of injection @entity1 was assessed using a four-point scale. An anesthesiologist observed hemodynamic and local adverse effects. RESULTS: The @entity1 severity in @entity3 group was significantly lower compared with the placebo group (P < 0.0001). Moreover, the local adverse reactions were observed only in three @entity0 in the placebo group while no @entity0 in the drug group experienced adverse effects (P = 0.242). The systolic blood pressure showed no significant difference between two groups before and after the induction of anesthesia but the diastolic blood pressure and the heart rate was significantly different between study groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 may be a safe and effective adjuvant therapeutic for @entity1 reduction in @entity0 under @entity2 injection. Hence, its use for reduction of @entity2 injection-induced @entity1 is recommended.

title: The Effects of @entity3 on Pain Control During the XXXX Injection; a Controlled, Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: The world is rapidly aging, and is facing an increase of late-elderly @entity4 @entity0 . It is important to investigate the characteristic features of late-elderly @entity4 in a super-aged country. METHODS: We examined 1554 @entity0 with @entity1 in Department of Neurology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan, divided into three subgroups according to the age: young-elderly (age  <=64 years), middle-elderly (age 65-74 years) and late-elderly (age 75 years), and investigated the cognitive, affective and activities of daily living functions (ADL), especially in late-elderly @entity0 compared with young-elderly and middle-elderly @entity0 . RESULTS: Among 1554 @entity0 , @entity2 dominated at 62%, and age-dependently increased up to 69% in the late-elderly group. The total scores of four cognitive tests were significantly worse with aging for specific subscales of orientation, recall, @entity3 and so on. In contrast, total scores of the affective tests showed only an increase in the apathy scale in the late-elderly group. Each subgroup showed @entity5 in 63.2-55.2%, and apathy in 44.2-54.8%. Furthermore, instrumental ADL items significantly deteriorated in the late-elderly group, which statistically correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination score. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the late-elderly group is characterized by significant @entity1 , increasing apathy, and instrumental ADL decrease. The @entity1 may be related to such affective and ADL declines. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 458-465.

title: Characteristic features of cognitive, affective and daily living functions of late-elderly XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate progressive correction of coronal and sagittal alignment and pelvic parameters in @entity0 treated with a Ch  neau brace. METHODS Thirty-two @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were assessed before initiation of bracing treatment and at the final follow-up. Each @entity0 underwent radiological examinations, and coronal, sagittal, and pelvic parameters were measured. RESULTS No statistically significant modification of the Cobb angle was noted. The pelvic incidence remained unchanged in 59% of the cases and increased in 28% of the cases. The sacral slope decreased in 34% of the cases but remained unchanged in 50%. @entity1 and @entity2 were significantly decreased, whereas the sagittal vertical axis was significantly increased from a mean of -44.0 to -30.2 mm (p = 0.02). The mean pelvic tilt increased significantly from 4.5   to 8.3   (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The Ch  neau brace can be useful for preventing curvature progression in @entity0 with @entity3 . However, the results of this study reveal high variability in the effect of brace treatment on sagittal and pelvic alignment. Treatment with the Ch  neau brace may also influence sagittal global balance.

title: Long-term effects of the Ch  neau brace on coronal and sagittal alignment in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Social differences in health concern both ethics and science. From a public health point-of-view, one must assess actual differences and then try to find explanations. This was made possible for the first time for @entity1 in Italy via nationwide record-linkage between the 1981 census and the national death index. Over the subsequent six months after census, the study-base included 31,000 @entity2 for @entity1 and 18 million @entity0 -years at risk. Rate ratio (RR) were estimated through a Poisson regression model adjusted by age and geographic area of residence. Educational level was used as social level indicator. Profound social differences were evident for buccal cavity (RR = 3.10 for lowest cf highest educational level), esophagus (RR = 3.00), stomach (RR = 3.43), and larynx (RR = 3.30) among @entity0 , and for stomach (RR = 2.25) and uterus (RR = 1.76) among @entity0 . Colon (RR = 0.62) and @entity4 (RR = 0.65) presented an inverse relationship among @entity0 , as did colon (RR = 0.37), breast (RR = 0.56), ovary (RR = 0.45), and @entity3 (RR = 0.62) among @entity0 . In conclusion, the Italian population at the beginning of the 1980s had large social differences in the risk of dying from @entity1 , confirming the patterns commonly found in such other countries as Great Britain, France, and New Zealand. Some dissimilarities, useful for hypothesis generation on the mechanisms of inequality, were evident, such as the generally highest social differences found among northern Italian @entity0 and among southern Italian @entity0 .

title: XXXX mortality by educational level in Italy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Ex-vivo needle aspiration (xvFNA) has been rarely used to obtain viable @entity1 cells. It has been occasionally employed for short-term cultures. @entity0 in athymic @entity2 provides a good animal model for the study of this @entity1 . Successful engraftment using conventional methods has been disappointing) low (d 40%). Enzymatic digestion of the @entity1 fragments to obtain cell suspension lowers viability. We postulated that xvFNA might provide readily available @entity1 cell suspensions for xenografting @entity0 and that it would provide a higher success rate of engraftment than the conventional techniques. We aseptically performed xnFNA in 35 cases of freshly resected @entity6 . These included 15 @entity4 , 17 @entity5 and 3 undifferentiated @entity7 (UNSCC). @entity1 cell suspensions were injected subcutaneously in athymic @entity2 . @entity1 @entity3 in the aspirates ranged from 20-90% (median 60%). Gross evidence of engraftment was seen in 30 of 35 cases (85.7%) 1-19 weeks postimplantation (median 2 weeks). This was seen in UNSCC (3/3), @entity5 (13/17) and @entity4 (14/15). Xenograft sizes ranged from 5-34 mm (median 19 mm). They showed similar morphology to the @entity1 . Ex-vivo FNA used for harvesting @entity0 cells and their xenografting is an effective method for obtaining viable material for studying this @entity1 .

title: Ex-vivo fine needle aspiration. A new method of xenografting XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: More knowledge is needed on potential associations between individual-, family-, and neighborhood-level factors and @entity2 in @entity0 and adolescents. AIMS: To examine associations between, individual-, family-, and neighborhood-level factors and incident internalizing ( @entity3 and mood) disorders and externalizing ( @entity1 and conduct) disorders in @entity0 and adolescents, and to estimate the relative contributions of family and neighborhood to individual variation in these disorders. METHOD: We performed a three-level logistic regression on all 542,195 @entity0 born in Sweden in 1992-1996, nested in 427,954 families, which in turn were nested in 8475 neighborhoods. The @entity0 were followed from 2000 to 2010 for incident internalizing and externalizing @entity2 , assessed from medical records. RESULTS: 26,514 @entity0 (4.8%) were diagnosed with internalizing or externalizing @entity2 . Approximately 29% of the total individual variance in internalizing disorders could be attributed to the family level, which includes both genetic and family environmental effects, and 5% to the neighborhood level. The corresponding figures for externalizing disorders were 43.5% and 5.5%, respectively. After adjustment for individual-level sociodemographic factors, high @entity5 was associated with increased risks of externalizing and internalizing @entity2 (odds ratio [OR]  =  1.37, 95% credible interval [CI]  =  1.25-1.50 and OR  =  1.34, 95% CI  =  1.25-1.45, respectively), including @entity6 (OR  =  2.01, 95% CI  =  1.58-2.55), @entity3 (OR  =  1.40, 95% CI  =  1.29-1.52), and @entity4 (OR  =  1.21, 95% CI, 1.09-1.35). The strongest association between @entity5 and @entity1 was observed in moderately deprived neighborhoods (OR  =  1.31, 95% CI  =  1.19-1.44). CONCLUSIONS: These findings call for policies to promote mental health that consider potential influences from @entity0 's family and neighborhood environments.conclusion TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.

title: Familial and neighborhood effects on XXXX in  childhood and adolescence.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A retrospective survey of @entity4 in pediatric liver transplant recipients was performed. Immunocompetent @entity0 with nosocomial infections served as controls. Co-pathogens were not identified. A total of 12 transplant cases and 12 controls could be evaluated. New onset @entity2 occurred in 7/8 cases and 6/11 controls lasting an average of 2.8 days per case and 0.8 days per control (p < .05). New onset @entity1 (>38 degrees C) was noted in 8/12 cases and 9/12 controls. New onset occult blood was noted in 7/11 cases and 1/12 controls (p < .01). A concomitant rise and fall in transaminases was noted in 5/12 transplant recipients. Eleven of the 12 were maintained on constant or increased immunosuppression doses without the development of @entity3 . The presence of @entity2 and occult blood in stools suggests that rotavirus causes a more invasive process in the intestinal mucosa of transplant recipients compared to immunocompetent @entity0 . However, the process remains self-limited despite the use of potent immunosuppressives.

title: Clinical features of XXXX in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the complications of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in orthopedic @entity0 with chronic @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The institutional review board approved this retrospective study and informed consent was waived. Records of 180 consecutives PICCs placed in @entity0 hospitalized in the orthopedic surgery department were reviewed. All @entity0 had @entity1 necessitating a long-term intravenous antibiotics therapy. All PICC complications were recorded during the @entity0 hospitalization: infection [catheter-related @entity3 (CRBSI), central line associated @entity3 (CLABSI), exit-site infection, @entity6 ], @entity4 , occlusion, mechanical complication (accidental withdrawal, @entity2 ). RESULTS: One hundred and eighty PICCs were placed in 136 @entity0 . Mean duration of catheterization was 21 days (total 3911 PICC-days). Thirty-six PICCs (20%) were removed due to complications (9.2 complications per 1000 PICC-days): 14 (8%) infections (one CRBSI ( @entity5 ), one @entity6 ( @entity5 ), two exit-site infections and 10 CLABSIs), 11 (6%) occlusions, and 12 (7%) mechanical complications (10 accidental withdrawals, one malposition, one median nerve irritation). One @entity0 had two complications simultaneously. After multivariate analysis, two risk factors were significantly associated with the overall occurrence of complications: age more than 70 years [OR = 2.89 (1.06-7.89], p = 0.04] and number of lumen at least two [OR = 2.64 (1.03-6.75), p = 0.04]. CONCLUSIONS: Even in orthopedic @entity0 with @entity1 , PICCs have a low rate of complication. The increasing lumen number of the PICC is a potential risk factor in our series.

title: Evaluation of PICC complications in orthopedic inpatients with XXXX for long-term intravenous antibiotics therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The intrathecal IgG response to @entity2 was evaluated in 35 @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Samples were tested with and without preabsorption with Treponema phagedenis. Specific antibody concentrations in the CSF and serum were determined by ELISA. The antibody index (AIBb = QBb/QIgG) was calculated from the ratio between the CSF/serum quotients for specific antibodies (QBb) and total IgG (QIgG). Intrathecal synthesis of B. burgdorferi antibodies was demonstrated in 31 samples before and in 24 samples after preabsorption with T. phagedenis. The clonal distribution of intrathecally produced IgG antibodies was determined by isoelectric focusing combined with affinity blotting. @entity2 -specific oligoclonal IgG bands occurring predominantly in the CSF were demonstrated in 32/35 @entity0 . In 29/32 samples, the major proportion of these bands also reacted with T. phagedenis. Preabsorption of samples with T. phagedenis removed a considerable share of bands reacting with @entity2 . In @entity0 with @entity5 , intrathecal synthesis of antibodies with specificity for @entity2 was demonstrated in 7/10 samples before, and in no sample, after preabsorption of cross-reactive antibodies. Due to the lower sensitivity in determining the AIBb (-20%), preabsorption of cross-reactive antibodies cannot be generally recommended. In all @entity0 with suspected @entity4 , but uncommon @entity1 and missing anamnestic data concerning a tick bite or @entity3 , @entity5 should be excluded by a negative TPHA test.

title: Intrathecal immune response in XXXX : importance of cross-reactive antibodies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the tendency for @entity2 @entity0 who receive Workers' Compensation to show a poorer response than non-compensated @entity0 to @entity1 treatment can be accounted for by mediating factors; to assess whether moderating factors can distinguish subgroups of Workers' Compensation recipients who react very poorly to treatment from compensated @entity0 who respond well. DESIGN: Outcome study based on archives. SETTING: @entity1 . @entity0 : Of 214 @entity0 , 158 had complete data. OUTCOME MEASURE: Blind ratings of narrative discharge summaries written by the Pain Treatment Center staff. RESULTS: A significant negative relationship between receiving Workers' Compensation and outcome was mediated by a pessimistic belief in the ability to return to former occupation. Moderator effects showed that Workers' Compensation recipients with high initial @entity1 and a history of @entity1 fared worse than any other group. Moreover, Workers' Compensation recipients not characterized by high @entity1 and a history of surgery responded as well as noncompensated @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The inadequate response to @entity1 programs shown by Workers' Compensation recipients may be partly understood in terms of well-defined mediating factors, which may admit to amelioration via clinical intervention. Moreover, Workers' Compensation @entity0 should not be considered high risks for failure by sole virtue of their compensation status. Multifactor assessment methods may be needed to identify that portion of compensation recipients who are actually at appreciable risk for treatment failure so that appropriate adjustments in treatment regimen may be made.

title: Association between workers' compensation and outcome following multidisciplinary treatment for XXXX : roles of mediators and moderators.

answer: @entity2


abstract: From 1981 to 1992, 13 male and 7 female @entity0 underwent surgical correction for @entity6 . A total surgical experience of 22 procedures including 2 reoperations is presented, accounting for 1.37% of open heart surgery for @entity3 at PGIMER Chandigarh. Ninety percent were in the 20- to 40-year age group. Forty-five percent of @entity0 had symptoms of > 1-year duration (range 2 months to 20 years) and catastrophic onset of symptoms was noted in four (18%). All @entity0 had localized aneurysms originating either in right coronary sinus (14 pts) or noncoronary sinus (8 pts). Sites of origin and @entity5 are detailed. Associated @entity2 such as @entity7 ( @entity7 ) (13 pts), @entity4 (3 pts), and left superior vena cava and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (1 pt each) were noted. The data pertaining to Oriental and Western groups of @entity0 were analyzed, and the differences in age, mode of presentation, site of origin, @entity5 , and the spectrum of associated abnormalities were elucidated. The majority of the @entity0 (86.4%) were operated by the Bicameral approach. Repair was tailored according to the extent and severity of the defect in the sinus of Valsalva and aortic valve annulus and also the presence and site of @entity7 .

title: Geographical variations in the presentation of XXXX : evaluation of surgical repair.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The pro-inflammatory cytokines, @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 are elevated in @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Cytokine gene interactions are complex and haplotype analysis may be more informative. We hypothesized that the effects of @entity3 in @entity0 might be due to linkage disequilibrium of the @entity3 (-308A) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with other polymorphisms within the @entity3 gene, and that predisposition to elevated @entity4 and @entity5 levels in @entity0 might be attributable to pro-inflammatory @entity4 and @entity5 gene promoter polymorphisms. METHOD: 173 subjects were classified as having definite @entity0 or not on the basis of apnoea-hypopnoea frequency, sex, age, and symptoms. Population controls comprised 192 random UK blood donors. Genotyping was undertaken for the @entity3 promoter polymorphisms (-1031, -863, -857, -238), two lymphotoxin-a polymorphisms (intron 1 and @entity6 ), the pro-inflammatory @entity4 gene promoter polymorphism (-174), and @entity5 gene promoter polymorphisms (-251; -781). RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups re: genotype/allelic frequency in the genes investigated. Association between disease status and the @entity3 alleles independently (TNF-103, TNF-803, TNF-857, TNF-238) with five haplotypes of @entity3 was not significant (p   >   0.05). There was no difference in allelic or genotypic frequencies between @entity1 and @entity1 subjects with @entity0 . The @entity3 (-863A) allele alone, was significantly associated with @entity1 (OR 2.4; CI95% 1.1-5; p   =   0.025). CONCLUSION: Only the @entity3 (308A) SNP appears to be significantly associated with @entity0 . The impact of cytokine gene polymorphisms on phenotypic expression of @entity2 in @entity0 is likely to be complex.

title: Cytokine gene polymorphisms in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The incidence and clinical pattern of @entity0 with @entity4 in Sweden and the outcome of treatment with i.v. immunoglobulin (Sandoglobulin) and @entity1 were examined in a national prospective study over a 2-year period. Cases not referred to the study were identified by inquiry. Ninety-nine @entity0 were diagnosed as having @entity4 . The annual incidence rate was calculated to be 2.9 per 100,000 in @entity0 younger than 16 years of age and 6.2 per 100,000 in @entity0 younger than 5 years of age. The median age of our @entity0 was 2.2 years and the male-to-female ratio was 2.3:1. Cardiac ultrasonography revealed abnormalities in 33% of all @entity0 , and 14% of cases in the prospective study had pronounced abnormalities. In most cases (91%) treatment had a prompt effect on fever and morbidity in general, and side effects were mild. Two @entity0 , identified from the inquiry, died from rupture of an @entity3 in the coronary artery in the acute phase of the disease. The risk of @entity2 is obvious and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

title: XXXX in Sweden: incidence and clinical features.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Besides photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with the excimer laser, different methods of intrastromal keratectomy are now available for refractive corneal surgery in myopic @entity0 . The first results of keratomileusis in situ in high-grade @entity3 are presented. Keratomileusis in situ was performed with a semiautomatic mechanical microkeratome in 15 @entity2 with a refraction (spherical equivalent) between -12 and -25 D (mean -18.18 D). The principle of the method consists in a change of the anterior corneal curvature by resection of a refractive lenticulus out of the @entity4 . The first step is the removal of a superficial corneal lamella consisting of epithelium, Bowman's layer, and superficial stroma. After this, the refractive lenticulus is resected out of the stroma, and the superficial lamella is sutured back to the @entity1 . The postoperative refraction (spherical equivalent) 4 weeks after the operation ranged between + 1.5 and -4.5 D (mean -1.37 D). Best corrected preoperative visual acuity was achieved again postoperatively within 4 weeks in most of the @entity0 ; in some @entity0 the postoperative visual acuity even exceeded the preoperative values. After an uncomplicated healing process in 14 of the 15 eyes the @entity1 remained completely transparent in the optical zone, and the effect of treatment remained stable. Scar formation was observed in one eye only, where the lamellar cut was inadvertently performed in Bowman's layer and not in the stroma. Thus, keratomileusis in situ is a supplementary technique to conventional refractive surgery in high-grade @entity3 . Its advantages are quick optical rehabilitation and an almost scar-free optical zone, because the integrity of Bowman's layer is almost completely maintained with this technique.

title: [Keratomileusis in situ in high grade XXXX . Initial results].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Stem cells from @entity0 exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are a novel source of multi-potential stem cells for tissue engineering because of their potential to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. @entity6 exhibits an important function in bone remodeling because it can simulate bone formation and decrease bone resorption. Hydrogels can mimic the natural cellular environment. The association of hydrogels with cell viability is determined using biological tests, including rheological experiments. In this study, osteogenic differentiation was investigated through SHED encapsulation in hydrogels containing @entity7 . Results of @entity4 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) immunofluorescence staining indicated that the cells grew well and SHEDs proliferated in the hydrogels. @entity6 -loaded chitosan-based hydrogels induced the biomineralization and high expression of alkaline phosphatase. Moreover, the expression levels of bone-related genes, including type-I collagen, @entity5 , @entity2 (OP), and osteonectin (ON), were up-regulated during the osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs. This study demonstrated that @entity6 can be an effective inducer of osteogenesis for SHEDs. Elucidating the function of bioceramics (such as @entity6 ) is useful in designing and developing strategies for bone tissue engineering.

title: Osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells from @entity0 exfoliated deciduous teeth induced by thermosensitive hydrogels with XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Stem cells from @entity0 exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are a novel source of multi-potential stem cells for tissue engineering because of their potential to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. @entity6 exhibits an important function in bone remodeling because it can simulate bone formation and decrease bone resorption. Hydrogels can mimic the natural cellular environment. The association of hydrogels with cell viability is determined using biological tests, including rheological experiments. In this study, osteogenic differentiation was investigated through SHED encapsulation in hydrogels containing @entity7 . Results of @entity4 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) immunofluorescence staining indicated that the cells grew well and SHEDs proliferated in the hydrogels. @entity6 -loaded chitosan-based hydrogels induced the biomineralization and high expression of alkaline phosphatase. Moreover, the expression levels of bone-related genes, including type-I collagen, @entity5 , @entity2 (OP), and osteonectin (ON), were up-regulated during the osteogenic differentiation of SHEDs. This study demonstrated that @entity6 can be an effective inducer of osteogenesis for SHEDs. Elucidating the function of bioceramics (such as @entity6 ) is useful in designing and developing strategies for bone tissue engineering.

title: Osteoblastic differentiation of stem cells from XXXX exfoliated deciduous teeth induced by thermosensitive hydrogels with @entity7 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: To characterise CT findings in @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and establish which features are associated with higher clinical T stage disease, and to evaluate patterns of discrepancy between radiological and pathological staging of @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preoperative CT studies of 92 @entity0 with 94 pathologically proven RCCs were retrospectively reviewed. CT stage was compared with pathological stage using the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), 7(th) edition (2010). The presence or absence of @entity1 , perinephric fat standing, thickening of Gerota's fascia, collateral vessels were noted, and correlated with pT stage. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive ( @entity5 ) and negative predictive values (NPV) for predicting pT stage >= pT3a were derived separately for different predictors using cross-tabulations. RESULTS: Twenty-four lesions were pathological stage T1a, 21 were T1b, seven were T2a, 25 were T3a, 11 were T3b, four were T3c, and two were T4. There were no stage T2b. Sixty-three (67%) @entity0 had @entity2 , 27 (29%) thickening of Gerota's fascia (1 T1a), 25 had collateral vessels (0 T1a), 28 (30%) had fat stranding of <2  mm, 20 (21%) of 2-5mm and one (1%) of >5  mm. For pT stage >= pT3a, the presence of perinephric fat stranding had a sensitivity, specificity, @entity5 and NPV of 74%, 65%, 63%, and 76%, respectively. Presence of @entity1 had a sensitivity, specificity, @entity5 , and NPV of 81%, 44%, 54%, and 72%, respectively. Thickening of Gerota's fascia had a sensitivity, specificity, @entity5 , and NPV of 52%, 90%, 81% and 70%, respectively; and enlarged collateral vessels had a sensitivity, specificity, @entity5 , and NPV value of 52%, 94%, 88%, and 71% respectively. CONCLUSION: The presence of perinephric stranding and @entity1 were not reliable signs for pT stage >T3a. Thickening of Gerota's fascia and the presence of collateral vessels in the peri- or paranephric fat had 90% and 94% specificity, with 82% and 88% @entity5 , respectively, for the presence of @entity1 stage for pT stage >T3a. These are considered reliable signs of locally advanced @entity3 .

title: Accuracy of preoperative CT T staging of XXXX : which features predict advanced stage?

answer: @entity4


abstract: From 1986 to 1993, 12 cases of @entity3 were identified at the Veterans General Hospital, Taipei. Most of the cases were caused by @entity4 and three cases were mixed @entity6 . There were six adult and six pediatric @entity0 . Among the adult @entity0 , four had undergone neurosurgical procedures before onset of @entity3 and the other two had severe chronic underlying diseases. In contrast, all six pediatric @entity0 had underlying central nervous system (CNS) pathology such as meningomyelocele or @entity5 . Placement of CNS devices was the most important predisposing factor of @entity3 in this study series. Direct microbial invasion via CNS @entity2 was considered the most likely portal of entry in most @entity0 . Only one @entity0 had primary @entity3 , and one other had an @entity1 outside the CNS. The overall mortality rate was 25%. None of the pediatric @entity0 died. Underlying conditions were considered the most important factor influencing the prognosis of these @entity0 .

title: XXXX : analysis of twelve cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of @entity1 for @entity0 under 3   years of age treated in US hospital emergency departments. To quantify injury patterns associated with @entity1 to inform prevention recommendation messaging. METHODS: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) coding manual was reviewed for cause of injury. Its database was queried to identify cases among @entity0 up to age 3   years old with a diagnosis of @entity1 between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2012. The resulting data set was downloaded and case narratives were reviewed to identify injury patterns associated with @entity1 . RESULTS: The NEISS query identified 2104 scald burn cases between 2009 and 2012, yielding a national estimate of 11   028 @entity1 in @entity0 younger than 3   years old annually. The analysis of the case narratives resulted in the identification of six precipitating and/or contributing factors including: grabbed/pulled, cooking, bathing, consuming, appliance and other. CONCLUSIONS: NEISS is a valuable tool to identify scald burn risks. The NEISS data system provided an opportunity to identify and examine @entity1 in @entity0 under 3   years of age. Interpretation of NEISS results is limited due to the lack of consistency and detail in narratives about the injury event. Nevertheless, the information that was available on precipitating and/or contributing factors suggests that caretakers should test the temperature of their water heaters, test bath water before bathing @entity0 and be made aware of risk of scalds from hot liquids so that they exercise close supervision of @entity0 .

title: Scald burns in XXXX under 3   years: an analysis of NEISS narratives to inform a scald burn prevention program.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Objectives. We aimed at evaluating both the efficacy and safety of @entity2 (Yokukansan) in @entity0 with treatment-resistant @entity1 . This randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted. Methods. One hundred and twenty antipsychotic-treated inpatients were included. @entity0 were randomized to adjuvant treatment with @entity2 or placebo. During a 4-week follow-up, psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results. @entity2 showed a tendency of being superior to placebo in reduction total, positive, and general PANSS scores in treatment-resistant @entity1 , but the difference was not statistically significant in both per-protocol set (PPS) and intention-to-treat (ITT). However, in PPS analysis, compared to the placebo group, the @entity2 group showed statistically significant improvements in the individual PANSS subscale scores for lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation ( @entity2 : -0.23    0.08; placebo: -0.03    0.08, P < 0.018), tension ( @entity2 : -0.42    0.09; placebo: -0.18    0.09, P < 0.045), and poor impulse control ( @entity2 : -0.39    0.10; placebo: -0.07    0.10, P < 0.037). Conclusions. The results of the present study indicate that @entity2 showed a tendency of being superior to placebo in reduction PANSS scores in treatment-resistant @entity1 , but the difference was not statistically significant. However, compared to the placebo group, @entity2 group showed statistically significant improvements in the individual PANSS subscale scores.

title: Efficacy and safety of yokukansan in treatment-resistant XXXX : a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of @entity2 150 mg daily in middle-aged and elderly @entity0 with stable exertional @entity1 , using a medium-term randomized double-blind cross-over placebo-controlled trial. Twenty middle-aged @entity0 (52.8 +/- 6 years; range 38-61 years) and 14 elderly @entity0 (67.4 +/- 2.8 years; range 65-73 years) with stable exertional @entity1 underwent a bicycle exercise test. After a run-in period, both groups received treatment with either placebo or @entity2 50 mg tid for 28 days. At the end of this time, each @entity0 crossed over to the alternate regimen. @entity2 significantly reduced heart rate, blood pressure and rate pressure product (from 15.37 +/- 2.7 to 13.65 +/- 4.16 U x 10(-3); p < 0.01) in elderly @entity0 at submaximal exercise, but had no effect in middle-aged @entity0 (from 14.52 +/- 4.45 to 13.49 +/- 3.77 U x 10(-3); p = NS). At peak exercise, none of the hemodynamic parameters was modified with @entity2 in either group. At peak exercise, both middle-aged and elderly @entity0 achieved rate-pressure products similar to those reached during placebo at higher work loads. Exercise duration and maximal work load significantly increased in both groups. Electrocardiographic signs of @entity1 were favorably influenced by @entity2 in both groups (from 1.39 +/- 0.5 mm to 0.76 +/- 0.73 mm; p < 0.001 in the middle-aged @entity0 and from 1.5 +/- 0.34 mm to 1 +/- 0.76 mm; p < 0.01 in the elderly @entity0 ).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Age-response effectiveness of XXXX for the treatment of myocardial exertional ischemia. A medium-term randomized cross-over double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the leading mode of @entity1 and is most common in @entity0 with intractable, frequent, and continuing @entity3 . A statistically significant cohort of @entity0 for @entity4 study requires meticulous, prospective follow up of a large population that is at an elevated risk, best represented by the @entity2 Monitoring Unit ( @entity5 ) @entity0 population. Multiple @entity5 need to collaborate, share data for building a larger cohort of potential @entity4 @entity0 using a state-of-the-art informatics infrastructure. To address the challenges of data integration and data access from multiple @entity5 , we developed the Multi-Modality @entity2 Data Capture and Integration System (MEDCIS) that combines retrospective clinical free text processing using NLP, prospective structured data capture using an ontology-driven interface, interfaces for cohort search and signal visualization, all in a single integrated environment. A dedicated @entity2 and @entity3 Ontology (EpSO) has been used to streamline the user interfaces, enhance its usability, and enable mappings across distributed databases so that federated queries can be executed. MEDCIS contained 936 @entity0 data sets from the @entity5 of University Hospitals Case Medical Center (UH CMC) in Cleveland and Northwestern Memorial Hospital (NMH) in Chicago. @entity0 from UH CMC and NMH were stored in different databases and then federated through MEDCIS using EpSO and our mapping module. More than 77GB of multi-modal signal data were processed using the Cloudwave pipeline and made available for rendering through the web-interface. About 74% of the 40 open clinical questions of interest were answerable accurately using the EpSO-driven VISual AGregagator and Explorer (VISAGE) interface. Questions not directly answerable were either due to their inherent computational complexity, the unavailability of primary information, or the scope of concept that has been formulated in the existing EpSO terminology system.

title: MEDCIS: Multi-Modality XXXX Data Capture and Integration System.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion of an @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or a @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an increasingly widespread alternative treatment for @entity4 . The aim of this study is to summarize our clinical experience with minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion of @entity2 and @entity8 without @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Between April 2011 and October 2012, 27 @entity0 with @entity2 and 95 @entity0 with @entity8 (78 @entity0 and 44 @entity0 ) were considered for minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion without @entity7 . A small infrasternal incision (2.0-4.0 cm) was made under general anesthesia, under transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance; the @entity2 and @entity8 were closed by using an appropriate occluder; and TEE was performed simultaneously to demonstrate the position of the device, any residual shunting, or encroachment on the @entity6 . Successful transthoracic occlusion was performed in all 122 @entity0 without complications. No complications such as third-degree @entity5 and residual shunting occurred after the procedures. The ventilation time was 2.2    1.2 h, and the average length of hospital stay was 4.7    1.7 days. All @entity0 received @entity1 at 3 mg  kg(-1)  day(-1) (maximum 100 mg/day) 24 h after the procedure. Minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion without @entity7 is a new treatment that has many advantages such as causing little @entity3 , promoting quick recovery, having less complications, and avoiding radiation damage. However, the appropriate selection of @entity0 is still key to improving the success rate of the operation.

title: Transthoracic closure of @entity2 and XXXX without @entity7 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion of an @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or a @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an increasingly widespread alternative treatment for @entity4 . The aim of this study is to summarize our clinical experience with minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion of @entity2 and @entity8 without @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Between April 2011 and October 2012, 27 @entity0 with @entity2 and 95 @entity0 with @entity8 (78 @entity0 and 44 @entity0 ) were considered for minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion without @entity7 . A small infrasternal incision (2.0-4.0 cm) was made under general anesthesia, under transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance; the @entity2 and @entity8 were closed by using an appropriate occluder; and TEE was performed simultaneously to demonstrate the position of the device, any residual shunting, or encroachment on the @entity6 . Successful transthoracic occlusion was performed in all 122 @entity0 without complications. No complications such as third-degree @entity5 and residual shunting occurred after the procedures. The ventilation time was 2.2    1.2 h, and the average length of hospital stay was 4.7    1.7 days. All @entity0 received @entity1 at 3 mg  kg(-1)  day(-1) (maximum 100 mg/day) 24 h after the procedure. Minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion without @entity7 is a new treatment that has many advantages such as causing little @entity3 , promoting quick recovery, having less complications, and avoiding radiation damage. However, the appropriate selection of @entity0 is still key to improving the success rate of the operation.

title: Transthoracic closure of @entity2 and @entity8 without XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion of an @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or a @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an increasingly widespread alternative treatment for @entity4 . The aim of this study is to summarize our clinical experience with minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion of @entity2 and @entity8 without @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Between April 2011 and October 2012, 27 @entity0 with @entity2 and 95 @entity0 with @entity8 (78 @entity0 and 44 @entity0 ) were considered for minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion without @entity7 . A small infrasternal incision (2.0-4.0 cm) was made under general anesthesia, under transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance; the @entity2 and @entity8 were closed by using an appropriate occluder; and TEE was performed simultaneously to demonstrate the position of the device, any residual shunting, or encroachment on the @entity6 . Successful transthoracic occlusion was performed in all 122 @entity0 without complications. No complications such as third-degree @entity5 and residual shunting occurred after the procedures. The ventilation time was 2.2    1.2 h, and the average length of hospital stay was 4.7    1.7 days. All @entity0 received @entity1 at 3 mg  kg(-1)  day(-1) (maximum 100 mg/day) 24 h after the procedure. Minimally invasive surgical transthoracic occlusion without @entity7 is a new treatment that has many advantages such as causing little @entity3 , promoting quick recovery, having less complications, and avoiding radiation damage. However, the appropriate selection of @entity0 is still key to improving the success rate of the operation.

title: Transthoracic closure of XXXX and @entity8 without @entity7 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Incidental @entity3 ( @entity3 ) following thyroidectomy for other indications may rarely be encountered, which may raise concerns about its clinical significance and proper management. @entity3 can be classified as physiological (reactive) or neoplastic. Reactive @entity3 has no malignant potential and can be observed in association with many other @entity4 (including differentiated @entity2 ); in contrast, @entity1 should be considered as a preneoplastic stage in the spectrum of C cell disease, ultimately leading to the development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Neoplastic @entity3 is commonly observed in @entity0 with germ-line mutations in the @entity6 oncogene (commonly in families with a history of hereditary @entity2 , i.e. familial @entity2 or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2)). @entity3 should be considered in @entity0 with hypercalcitoninemia without @entity5 . Total thyroidectomy, which is commonly performed for the majority of @entity4 , is an adequate treatment and achieves cure, even in @entity0 with @entity1 . There is no role for cervical lymph node dissection in @entity0 with pure @entity3 . In conclusion, reactive @entity3 has no malignant potential, in contrast to @entity1 . Total thyroidectomy achieves cure of @entity0 with @entity3 .    2015 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg.

title: XXXX : clinical significance and implications in practice.

answer: @entity4


abstract: While transplantation of the larynx may eventually be useful in post-laryngectomy reconstruction, three criteria must first be met before @entity0 transplants can be attempted: transplant viability must be high, immunosuppression must be safe and effective and functional recovery of the larynx must occur. To study these first two criteria, a total of 11 @entity2 larynx transplants were performed: 3 autografts, 6 orthotopic allografts and 2 heterotopic allografts. The rationale and technical performance of these different transplant procedures are reviewed in detail. Orthotopic transplant recipients received @entity1 ( @entity6 ) while the heterotopic allograft recipients received @entity4 and @entity5 in addition to @entity6 . Overall, 9 of 11 of the transplants remained viable. In contrast, all 3 autografted animals developed esophageal-cutaneous fistulas; 2 developed @entity3 and were sacrificed on post-operative days (POD) 5 and 28, respectively. The third survived for 91 days and demonstrated a high degree of regeneration in the recurrent and superior laryngeal nerves of the transplant. Orthotopically transplanted @entity2 also had a high morbidity and perioperative mortality (5 of 6 animals). The single "long-term" survivor was treated with @entity6 alone, but developed complete transplant rejection on POD 33. The two heterotopic transplant recipients had no perioperative morbidity and the combination of @entity6 , @entity4 and @entity5 given these latter animals was effective in the long-term prevention of rejection. One of these heterotopic recipients died of @entity3 on POD 68 while the other remained alive and well on POD 168. Our present findings show that currently available microsurgical techniques allow experimental @entity2 laryngeal transplantation to be done with significantly high transplant viability rates. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX laryngeal transplantation: preliminary studies and a new heterotopic allotransplantation model.

answer: @entity2