abstract: Percutaneous kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive technique that has become an effective and routine alternative for managing @entity6 . This article reports the clinical outcome of a series of 54 cases of @entity6 treated by percutaneous kyphoplasty. Fifty-four @entity0 with confirmed @entity3 and at least 1 level of thoracolumbar vertebrae compression @entity4 were retrospectively selected. Pre- and postoperative and last follow-up clinical evaluation and radiological data were analyzed, including change of visual analog scale (VAS), reduced use of painkillers, locomotor activity, Cobb's angle, and average vertebral body height. Mean follow-up was 20.4 months (range, 6-36 months). In all cases, percutaneous kyphoplasty treatment was successful, significantly increasing vertebral body height, diminishing @entity5 in the fractured vertebrae, and decreasing painkiller use. In all @entity0 , percutaneous kyphoplasty partially or completely relieved back @entity2 . No new @entity1 was found within the follow-up period, nor were any other complications. The cement leakage rate was 3.86% (8 of 207 vertebrae) with percutaneous kyphoplasty, but no neurological or other complaints were received. Percutaneous kyphoplasty is a simple and safe procedure in managing @entity6 . It relieves @entity2 quickly, restores vertebral height, prevents further @entity4 , and improves @entity0 quality of life.

title: Efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty in treating XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: In developed countries, colonoscopy volume has increased dramatically over the past 15 years and is the principle method used to screen for @entity3 . Preparations used for colon cleaning have evolved over the past 30 years. Some preparations have been shown to be unsafe and are now used on a limited basis. There has been progress on limiting the volume required and on taste improvement. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: This review provides an account of preparations used from 1980 when @entity4 -based preparations became widely available, until the present day. The review highlights their mechanism of action and principle @entity2 . The handling of solutes and solute-free fluid by the colon is also reviewed. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN: The reader will gain a perspective on the factors considered in developing colonic purgatives and the rationale for choosing selected preparations based on @entity0 factors such as age, co-morbidities and concomitant medications. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: Although generally safe and effective, colonic purgatives have both acute and permanent @entity2 . The safest preparations utilize @entity4 combined with a balanced electrolyte solution. Limitations of this preparation center on the volume required and poor taste. Alternative formulations are now available; however, those using @entity5 have fallen out of favor due to a risk of @entity1 .

title: Mechanism of action and XXXX of purgatives used for colonoscopy preparation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: As a result of nuclear power plants accidents such as Chernobyl or Fukushima, some @entity0 were exposed to external and internal ionizing radiation (IR). @entity0 brain is highly sensitive to IR during fetal and postnatal period when the molecular processes are not completely finished. Various studies have shown that exposure to low doses of IR causes a higher incidence of @entity2 . On the other hand, in industrialized countries, @entity0 are daily exposed to a number of toxicant pollutants. Exposure to environmental chemicals, such as paraquat (PQ), may potentiate the toxic effects induced by radiation on brain development. In this study, we evaluated the cognitive effects of concomitant exposure to low doses of internal radiation ((137)Cs) and PQ during neonatal brain development. At the postnatal day 10 (PND10), two groups of @entity1 (C57BL/6J) were exposed to (137)Cs (4000 and 8000Bq/kg) and/or PQ (7mg/kg). To investigate the spontaneous behavior, learning, memory capacities and @entity3 , behavioral tests were conducted in the offspring at two months of age. The results showed that cognitive functions were not significantly affected when (137)Cs or PQ were administered alone. However, alterations in the working memory and @entity3 were detected in @entity1 exposed to (137)Cs combined with PQ.

title: Neurobehavioral effects of concurrent exposure to cesium-137 and paraquat during neonatal development in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The main objective of this study was to compare the hand and finger performance of @entity1 @entity0 in standing and sitting positions. METHODS: The study subjects were 11 males and 3 females with history of @entity1 (age, 68.6    6.3 years, mean    SD). Inclusion criteria were right-handedness before @entity1 , @entity3 due to left hemisphere lesion induced by @entity1 , at least 4 months between @entity1 and study enrollment, and ability to stand for more than 10 minutes. Tests of dexterity (peg board test), attention, unilateral @entity2 , and cognition were conducted in comfortable sitting and standing positions. Seven subjects started in standing position, and the other seven subjects were tested first in sitting position. Tests in the first position were performed on one day, and repeated one week later but performed in a different position. RESULTS: The mean performance time on the peg board test in standing position was significantly faster than in sitting position (p=0.022). However, the results of the @entity4 making test-part A, line cancellation test, line bisection and Mini Mental State conducted in standing position were similar to those of sitting position. There were no differences between the first and second trial tests. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that standing position improved the functional performance of hand and arm on the un-affected side in @entity1 @entity0 , but had no effects on consistent attention, unilateral @entity2 , or cognition.

title: Standing position improves arm and hand performance on un-affected side in hemiplegic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the demographic, clinical, radiological, pathological and surgical features and outcomes of @entity5 , the second most common @entity1 in @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery at the @entity7 El-Reish @entity0 's Hospital from 2005 to 2008. RESULTS: Out of 451 @entity0 with primary @entity5 (age 0-14 years), 21 @entity0 (<1 year) underwent surgery, representing 4.7% of total cases. The most common @entity1 was @entity6 (23.8%), followed by @entity2 (19%) then @entity4 and @entity3 (14.3% each). Of the 21 surgical cases, 90% were intra-axial, 80% were in the supratentorial region, and 57% were intraventricular. There was only 1 case of intraoperative mortality (4.8%). Gross total excision was achieved in 65%, debulking in 30%, and biopsy in 5%. Three @entity0 received chemotherapy, but none received radiotherapy. The statistically significant predictors of prognosis were the extent of resection and @entity1 grade. CONCLUSION: Although the prognosis for @entity5 is worse than for older @entity0 , an overall promising outcome with low operative morbidity and mortality was achieved using gross total excision and appropriate adjuvant chemotherapy as part of a multidisciplinary approach.

title: XXXX : characteristics and surgical outcomes of a contemporary series of 21 cases in an Egyptian referral center.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE:: @entity4 plays an important role in primary @entity1 ( @entity1 ) pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate @entity4 expression in tears and the conjunctiva and to analyze the impact of @entity4 on primary @entity1 dry eyes. METHODS:: Eighty subjects were enrolled in this study: 30 @entity0 with @entity2 (30 eyes); 30 @entity0 with non- @entity1 dry eye (30 eyes), and 20 normal controls. Tear @entity4 levels were measured by flow cytometry, and @entity4 gene expression in the conjunctiva from impression cytology was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. @entity3 Index, tear film breakup time, Schirmer I test, and ocular surface staining scores were obtained for all @entity0 . RESULTS:: Primary @entity1 dry eyes had significantly higher tear @entity4 levels than non- @entity1 dry eyes and normal controls (P < 0.01). In addition, @entity4 gene expression in the conjunctiva was also higher in primary @entity1 dry eyes than in non- @entity1 dry eyes and normal controls (P < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in @entity4 expression in tears and the conjunctiva between non- @entity1 dry eyes and controls. The tear @entity4 level was significantly correlated with ocular surface stain scores (r = 0.54, P < 0.01) and Schirmer I test values (r = -0.23, P < 0.05) in primary @entity1 dry eyes. CONCLUSIONS:: Our findings suggest that severity of @entity2 is associated with @entity4 .

title: Association of @entity4 Cytokine With Severity of Primary Sj  gren XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE:: @entity4 plays an important role in primary @entity1 ( @entity1 ) pathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate @entity4 expression in tears and the conjunctiva and to analyze the impact of @entity4 on primary @entity1 dry eyes. METHODS:: Eighty subjects were enrolled in this study: 30 @entity0 with @entity2 (30 eyes); 30 @entity0 with non- @entity1 dry eye (30 eyes), and 20 normal controls. Tear @entity4 levels were measured by flow cytometry, and @entity4 gene expression in the conjunctiva from impression cytology was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. @entity3 Index, tear film breakup time, Schirmer I test, and ocular surface staining scores were obtained for all @entity0 . RESULTS:: Primary @entity1 dry eyes had significantly higher tear @entity4 levels than non- @entity1 dry eyes and normal controls (P < 0.01). In addition, @entity4 gene expression in the conjunctiva was also higher in primary @entity1 dry eyes than in non- @entity1 dry eyes and normal controls (P < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in @entity4 expression in tears and the conjunctiva between non- @entity1 dry eyes and controls. The tear @entity4 level was significantly correlated with ocular surface stain scores (r = 0.54, P < 0.01) and Schirmer I test values (r = -0.23, P < 0.05) in primary @entity1 dry eyes. CONCLUSIONS:: Our findings suggest that severity of @entity2 is associated with @entity4 .

title: Association of XXXX Cytokine With Severity of Primary Sj  gren @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity11 is an @entity1 resulting in @entity9 , and divided into types 1 and 2. Scoliosis has not been reported as one of the extra-cranial manifestations of @entity11 . CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 14-year-old British Caucasian @entity0 with @entity11 who developed a severe double thoracic @entity8 measuring 39   and 68   respectively. Her @entity8 was associated with @entity6 , causing a marked reduction in the anteroposterior diameter of her chest and consequent severe @entity4 . The @entity2 was noted by her local pediatrician as part of a @entity10 assessment when she was aged 13 years, and gradually progressed as the result of spinal growth. Our @entity0 underwent a posterior spinal arthrodesis using a single concave pedicle hook and screw rod construct and locally harvested autologous graft supplemented by allograft bone. This spinal fixation technique was selected because of our @entity0 's low body weight to avoid prominence of the instrumentation causing skin healing problems and @entity3 . Her @entity8 was corrected to 18   and 30   and we achieved a balanced spine in the coronal and sagittal planes. An underarm spinal jacket was provided for six months after surgery. During her latest follow-up at skeletal maturity, our @entity0 had an excellent cosmetic outcome with no @entity2 correction or detected @entity7 and a normal level of activities. CONCLUSION: Scoliosis can develop in young @entity0 with @entity11 , with the @entity2 deteriorating around the pubertal growth spurt. Surgical treatment can correct the @entity2 , balance the spine and prevent @entity5 . It can also stabilize the chest area and avoid respiratory complications developing as the @entity8 progresses, which can result in severe @entity4 . The use of single concave instrumentation is indicated in very slim @entity0 with poor muscle bulk; in our @entity0 , this produced satisfactory @entity2 correction and a favorable outcome at completion of growth. Peri-operative care in this group of @entity0 can be very challenging because of associated co-morbidities as well as the presence of severe behavioral issues that result in poor @entity0 compliance.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX in @entity11 : a case report.

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity11 is an @entity1 resulting in @entity9 , and divided into types 1 and 2. Scoliosis has not been reported as one of the extra-cranial manifestations of @entity11 . CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 14-year-old British Caucasian @entity0 with @entity11 who developed a severe double thoracic @entity8 measuring 39   and 68   respectively. Her @entity8 was associated with @entity6 , causing a marked reduction in the anteroposterior diameter of her chest and consequent severe @entity4 . The @entity2 was noted by her local pediatrician as part of a @entity10 assessment when she was aged 13 years, and gradually progressed as the result of spinal growth. Our @entity0 underwent a posterior spinal arthrodesis using a single concave pedicle hook and screw rod construct and locally harvested autologous graft supplemented by allograft bone. This spinal fixation technique was selected because of our @entity0 's low body weight to avoid prominence of the instrumentation causing skin healing problems and @entity3 . Her @entity8 was corrected to 18   and 30   and we achieved a balanced spine in the coronal and sagittal planes. An underarm spinal jacket was provided for six months after surgery. During her latest follow-up at skeletal maturity, our @entity0 had an excellent cosmetic outcome with no @entity2 correction or detected @entity7 and a normal level of activities. CONCLUSION: Scoliosis can develop in young @entity0 with @entity11 , with the @entity2 deteriorating around the pubertal growth spurt. Surgical treatment can correct the @entity2 , balance the spine and prevent @entity5 . It can also stabilize the chest area and avoid respiratory complications developing as the @entity8 progresses, which can result in severe @entity4 . The use of single concave instrumentation is indicated in very slim @entity0 with poor muscle bulk; in our @entity0 , this produced satisfactory @entity2 correction and a favorable outcome at completion of growth. Peri-operative care in this group of @entity0 can be very challenging because of associated co-morbidities as well as the presence of severe behavioral issues that result in poor @entity0 compliance.

title: Surgical treatment of @entity8 in XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate Toll-like receptor activation in @entity0 skin using tape stripping and imiquimod cream challenges in healthy volunteers. SUBJECTS, TREATMENT AND METHODS: Seventeen male Caucasian subjects underwent a baseline biopsy on their lower back prior to two tape stripping procedures 7  days apart. Subjects were then treated with 5  % imiquimod for 2 and 4  days on separate sites in the same area. Further biopsies were taken 22-24  h after each challenge and mRNA and microRNA extracted and expression values analysed using robust statistical and pathway analysis methods. RESULTS: Fifteen of the 17 subjects completed the study according to protocol. No adverse events were associated with the procedures. A significant change (p  <  0.05, fold change >1.5 or <-1.5) in mRNA expression of 7,996 genes was evident in biopsies taken at both time points post tape stripping, compared to baseline biopsy expression values. The induction of mRNAs involved in various pathways including adhesion and migration was evident. mRNA markers representing inflammatory cells [e.g., @entity4 , @entity5 (p  <  0.0001)] and mRNAs encoding genes regulated by @entity3 [e.g., @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity2 (p  <  0.0001)] were significantly up-regulated. @entity3 and @entity2 proteins were detectable in exudates released 1 and 4  h post tape stripping. A putative signalling network associating these transcripts and six microRNAs (hsa-miR, -31, -132, -155, 548c, 548n and 574) was identified using a meta-regulation network model. microRNAs not previously associated with @entity3 signalling have been identified. In contrast, only 223 known transcripts were significantly changed after imiquimod treatment, including @entity2 , and @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Results suggest that @entity3 signalling is important in these translational models and novel miRNA may be new targets in the treatment of @entity3 associated @entity1 .

title: A model of skin inflammation in XXXX leads to a rapid and reproducible increase in the interferon response signature: a potential translational model for drug development.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is frequent and usually responsible of @entity1 . These abnormalities lead to increased morbidity and mortality. To become active, native vitamin  D needs a first hydroxylation in the liver, and a second one in the kidney. Next to its action on bone metabolism, vitamin  D also possesses pleiotropic actions on cardiovascular, immune and neurological systems as well as antineoplastic activities. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is also associated with a decrease in vitamin  D activity by mechanisms including the increase of plasma phosphate concentration, secretion of @entity6  and decrease in 1a-hydroxylase activity. The prevalence of 25  hydroxy- @entity7 depends on the chosen cut-off value to define this lack. Currently it is well established that a @entity0 has to be substituted when 25  hydroxy-vitamin  D level is under 30  ng/mL. The use and monitoring of 1.25  hydroxy-vitamin  D is still not recommended in routine practice. The goals of vitamin  D treatment in case of @entity2 are to substitute the @entity4 or treat @entity5 . Interest of native vitamin  D in first intention is now well demonstrated. This review article describes the vitamin  D metabolism and physiology and also the treatment for @entity7 in @entity2 population.

title: [Native vitamin  D in dialysis XXXX .]

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) provides a simple method to assess changes in body composition. Raw BIA variables such as phase angle provide direct information on cellular mass and integrity, without the assumptions inherent in estimating body compartments, e.g. @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Phase angle is a strong functional and prognostic marker in many disease states, but data in @entity1 are lacking. Our aims were to describe the measurement of phase angle in @entity0 with stable @entity1 and determine the construct and discriminate validity of phase angle by assessing its relationship with established markers of function, disease severity and prognosis. METHODS: 502 outpatients with stable @entity1 were studied. Phase angle and @entity2 by BIA, quadriceps strength (QMVC), 4-m gait speed (4MGS), 5 sit-to-stand time (5STS), incremental shuttle walk (ISW), and composite prognostic indices (ADO, iBODE) were measured. @entity0 were stratified into normal and low phase angle and @entity2 index. RESULTS: Phase angle correlated positively with @entity2 and functional outcomes (r  =  0.35-0.66, p  <  0.001) and negatively with prognostic indices (r  =  -0.35 to  -0.48, p  <  0.001). In regression models, phase angle was independently associated with ISW, ADO and iBODE whereas @entity2 was removed. One hundred and seventy @entity0 (33.9% [95% CI, 29.9-38.1]) had a low phase angle. Phenotypic characteristics included lower QMVC, ISW, and 4MGS, higher 5STS, ADO and iBODE scores, and more exacerbations and hospital days in past year. The proportion of @entity0 to have died was significantly higher in @entity0 with low phase angle compared to those with normal phase angle (8.2% versus 3.6%, p  =  0.02). CONCLUSION: Phase angle relates to markers of function, disease severity and prognosis in @entity0 with @entity1 . As a directly measured variable, phase angle offers more useful information than @entity2 indices.

title: Bioelectrical impedance phase angle relates to function, disease severity and prognosis in stable XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This work improved military nursing staff knowledge on selected mass gathering @entity3 at Hajj. The results showed that only (20%) of the participating nurses attended training program about health hazard during pilgrim. But only (40.0%) of them found the training programs were specific to nurses. Majority found the program useful (70.0%), and the average duration of this training program in weeks was 3.5+1.1. There was significant improvement P = < 0.001, of correct knowledge about @entity6 regarding causes, organisms, mode of spread, @entity0 at risk, transmission, prevention and treatment, the highest improvement was in causes of @entity6 the lowest was in adult vaccination. 25% of @entity0 had adequate knowledge (> 60% from total score) in pre-test 93% in post-test 72% after 3 month with significant difference among tests regarding adequate knowledge. There was significant improvement of correct knowledge P = <0.001 about seasonal influenza and @entity8 during pilgrim, the highest improvement was in influenza vaccine strains the lowest was in antiviral drugs. 23% of nurses had adequate knowledge (> 60% from total score) in pre-test 94% in post-test 66% after 3 month with significant difference among tests regarding adequate knowledge. There was significant improvement P = < 0.001 of correct knowledge about @entity5 and @entity9 during pilgrim among nurses at military hospital, the highest improvement was in risk factors of @entity9 the lowest was in what GE @entity0 should do. 22% of @entity0 had adequate knowledge (> 60% from total score) in pre-test 91% in post-test 58% after 3 month with significant difference among tests regarding adequate knowledge. There was significant improvement P = < 0.001 of correct knowledge about heat exhaustion during pilgrim among nurses at military hospital, the highest improvement was in non-communicable diseases the lowest was in sun @entity1 prevention. 27% of @entity0 had adequate knowledge (> 60% from total score) in the pre-test 94% in the post-test 74% after 3 month with significant difference among pre, post and FU regarding adequate knowledge. Also, there were significant improvement P = < 0.001 of correct knowledge about @entity2 , @entity7 , @entity4 _ others diseases during pilgrim among nurses at military hospital, the highest improvement was in @entity4 prevention the lowest was in first aid bag. 28% of @entity0 had adequate knowledge (> 60% from total score) in the pre-test 92% in the post-test 61% after 3 month with significant difference among pre, post and FU regarding adequate knowledge. There was a significant difference between total knowledge score according to education, and work experience (P > 0.05). in the pre, post and after 3 month in age and in all intervention time in department the highest was ICU then ward then operation room.

title: An interventional program for nursing staff on selected mass gathering XXXX at Hajj.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraplaque @entity2 is a widely known factor facilitating plaque instability. Neovascularization of plaque can be regarded as a compensatory response to the blood supply in the deep intimal and medial areas of the artery. Due to the physiological function, the deformation of @entity4 would happen under the action of blood pressure and blood flow. Neovessels are subject to mechanical loading and likely undergo deformation. The @entity1 of neovessels may deteriorate the instability of plaque. This study focuses on the local mechanical environments around neovessels and investigates the relationship between the biomechanics and the morphological specificity of neovessels. METHODS: Stress and stretch were used to evaluate the @entity1 risk of the neovessels in plaque. Computational structural analysis was performed based on two @entity0 carotid plaque slice samples. Two-dimensional models containing neovessels and other components were built according to the plaque slice samples. Each component was assumed to be non-linear isotropic, piecewise homogeneous and incompressible. Different mechanical boundary conditions, i.e. static pressures, were imposed in the carotid lumen and neovessels lumen respectively. Finite element method was used to simulate the mechanical conditions in the @entity3 . RESULTS: Those neovessels closer to the carotid lumen undergo larger stress and stretch. With the same distance to the carotid lumen, the longer the perimeter of neovessels is, the larger stress and the deformation of the neovessels will be. Under the same conditions, the neovessels with larger curvature suffer greater stress and stretch. Neovessels surrounded by red blood cells undergo a much larger stretch. CONCLUSIONS: Local mechanical conditions may result in the @entity2 of neovessels and accelerate the @entity1 . The mechanical environments of the neovessel are related to its shape, curvature, distance to the carotid lumen and the material properties of plaque.

title: Finite element analysis of mechanics of neovessels with intraplaque @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraplaque @entity2 is a widely known factor facilitating plaque instability. Neovascularization of plaque can be regarded as a compensatory response to the blood supply in the deep intimal and medial areas of the artery. Due to the physiological function, the deformation of @entity4 would happen under the action of blood pressure and blood flow. Neovessels are subject to mechanical loading and likely undergo deformation. The @entity1 of neovessels may deteriorate the instability of plaque. This study focuses on the local mechanical environments around neovessels and investigates the relationship between the biomechanics and the morphological specificity of neovessels. METHODS: Stress and stretch were used to evaluate the @entity1 risk of the neovessels in plaque. Computational structural analysis was performed based on two @entity0 carotid plaque slice samples. Two-dimensional models containing neovessels and other components were built according to the plaque slice samples. Each component was assumed to be non-linear isotropic, piecewise homogeneous and incompressible. Different mechanical boundary conditions, i.e. static pressures, were imposed in the carotid lumen and neovessels lumen respectively. Finite element method was used to simulate the mechanical conditions in the @entity3 . RESULTS: Those neovessels closer to the carotid lumen undergo larger stress and stretch. With the same distance to the carotid lumen, the longer the perimeter of neovessels is, the larger stress and the deformation of the neovessels will be. Under the same conditions, the neovessels with larger curvature suffer greater stress and stretch. Neovessels surrounded by red blood cells undergo a much larger stretch. CONCLUSIONS: Local mechanical conditions may result in the @entity2 of neovessels and accelerate the @entity1 . The mechanical environments of the neovessel are related to its shape, curvature, distance to the carotid lumen and the material properties of plaque.

title: Finite element analysis of mechanics of neovessels with intraplaque XXXX in @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Eighteen @entity1 @entity0 receiving intensive chemotherapy developed @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity4 , and oropharyngeal soreness. Superficial esophageal ulceration suggestive of @entity6 was demonstrated by radiographic examination in 33% of the @entity0 (5/15). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed superficial ulceration and white mucosal patches in all @entity0 . There was no morbidity associated with the endoscopic procedures. Sixty-one percent of the @entity0 (11/18) had monilia albicans cultured from the oropharyngeal cavity, and 50% (9/18) had monilia cultured from the esophageal lesions. The evolution of the @entity6 correlated well with the survival of the @entity0 . The @entity6 persisted in six @entity0 who all died within 24 days of @entity8 . After initial improvement five additional @entity0 succumbed; three of them from severe @entity3 . There was resolution of the @entity6 in the remaining seven @entity0 who survived longer. However, two of them had recurrent @entity6 and succumbed to @entity7 . The other five have remained free of @entity6 , their underlying @entity1 have remained under control, and so far they have survived an average of one and a half years. Endoscopy is more accurate than radiography in detecting @entity6 . This complication can be fatal, since it is often followed by @entity7 .

title: XXXX : the endoscopic diagnosis and its impact on survival.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aims to assess the prevalence of @entity2 among a nationally representative sample of Iranian adolescents according to the socioeconomic status (SES) of their living area. METHODS: This nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted among a representative sample of 5624 adolescents aged 10-18 years. They were selected by multistage cluster sampling from 27 provinces of Iran. Subnational classification of the country was based on geography and social class of each region. Analysis of variance and Chi-square tests were used to compare the prevalence of @entity2 according to sex and SES of the living regions. RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation for body mass index was 19.42 (4.09) kg/m(2), with a significant trend from the Southeast region with lowest SES to the Central part with highest SES (ptrend  <  0.001). The prevalence of @entity1 , combined overweight and @entity1 , as well as abdominal adiposity increased with a significant trend from low to high SES (all ptrend  <  0.001, except for @entity0 ' height, ptrend  =  0.003). The opposite direction was documented for the prevalence of underweight and short stature, with the highest frequencies in the Southeast (lowest SES) and the lowest in Central part (highest SES). CONCLUSION: Excess weight was more prevalent in high SES regions, whereas underweight and short stature were more prevalent in low SES regions. These findings underscore the necessity of implementing evidence-based health promotion programs and preventive strategies according to SES.

title: Prevalence of XXXX in a Nationally Representative Sample of Iranian Adolescents According to Socioeconomic Status: The CASPIAN-III Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: We sought to determine the effect of @entity1 -induced activation of the complement protein C3 in @entity2 . MATERIALS/METHODS: Twelve @entity2 surgical specimens were evaluated for complement activation using immunohistochemistry, with H_E stains performed on adjacent tissue sections to determine the relationship of complement activation to @entity1 tissue. Flow cytometry and Western blot were performed on three established @entity2 lines and one surgically-procured cell culture to determine expression of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity2 . In vitro proliferation of siRNA @entity3 knockdown cells was compared to that of control siRNA cells with cell line Daoy. RESULTS: Three surgical specimens were found to have @entity1 on H_E sections. In each case, iC3b staining was identified on adjacent sections, limited to the @entity1 region. In no case did @entity1 occur without iC3b staining on adjacent sections. @entity3 protein was demonstrated on both the three established cell lines and on the surgical culture. Proliferation assays of @entity0 cells with siRNA knockdown vs. control siRNA revealed significantly reduced proliferation at 72  h (p  =  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 is associated with complement activation in @entity2 . @entity2 cells express @entity3 , and siRNA-mediated knockdown of @entity3 inhibits proliferation of these cells in vitro.

title: Tumor @entity1 -initiated complement activation stimulates proliferation of XXXX cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: We sought to determine the effect of @entity1 -induced activation of the complement protein C3 in @entity2 . MATERIALS/METHODS: Twelve @entity2 surgical specimens were evaluated for complement activation using immunohistochemistry, with H_E stains performed on adjacent tissue sections to determine the relationship of complement activation to @entity1 tissue. Flow cytometry and Western blot were performed on three established @entity2 lines and one surgically-procured cell culture to determine expression of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity2 . In vitro proliferation of siRNA @entity3 knockdown cells was compared to that of control siRNA cells with cell line Daoy. RESULTS: Three surgical specimens were found to have @entity1 on H_E sections. In each case, iC3b staining was identified on adjacent sections, limited to the @entity1 region. In no case did @entity1 occur without iC3b staining on adjacent sections. @entity3 protein was demonstrated on both the three established cell lines and on the surgical culture. Proliferation assays of @entity0 cells with siRNA knockdown vs. control siRNA revealed significantly reduced proliferation at 72  h (p  =  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 is associated with complement activation in @entity2 . @entity2 cells express @entity3 , and siRNA-mediated knockdown of @entity3 inhibits proliferation of these cells in vitro.

title: Tumor XXXX -initiated complement activation stimulates proliferation of @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between clinical or @entity3 and positive thyroid autoantibody before 20 weeks pregnancy and risk of @entity1 . METHODS: Literature search was done in PubMed, EMBASE, Wanfang Medical Database, @entity5 Database and China Biology Medicine disc databases from January 1st, 1980 to December 31th, 2013. The following search terms were used: @entity3 , @entity3 , hypothyroxinnism, thyroid antibody, @entity4 , @entity1 , etc. (1) Criteria for inclusion:cohort studies and clinical studies were included; only articles that described at least 10 @entity0 were eligible;the exposure was clinical or @entity3 and positive thyroid autoantihody, and outcome was @entity1 . (2) The excluded subjects were articles that described less than 10 @entity0 ; controls were pregnant @entity0 without eurothyrodisim. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5. The relationship between clinical or @entity3 and positive thyroid autoantibody and risk of @entity1 was evaluated by OR or RR. RESULTS: (1) Twenty cohort studies were enrolled. A total of 39 596 cases of @entity1 occurred among 498 418 pregnant @entity0 . The controls in these studies were pregnant @entity0 with eurothyrodisim. (2) @entity3 in pregnancy: eight studies were included, reported data on 478 418 pregnant @entity0 (5 473 @entity0 with clinical @entity3 and 472 945 euthyroid pregnant @entity0 ). The risk of @entity1 in pregnant @entity0 with clinical @entity3 was higher than those eurothyroid pregnant @entity0 in control group (OR = 1.25, 95% CI:1.15-1.36, P < 0.01). (3) @entity3 in pregnancy: ten studies were included, reported data on 277 531 pregnant @entity0 (5 257 @entity0 with @entity3 and 272 274 euthyroid pregnant @entity0 ). The risk of @entity1 in pregnant @entity0 with @entity3 was higher than those in control group by random effects analysis (OR = 1.25, 95% CI:1.14-1.36, P < 0.01). (4) Thyroid autoantibodys positive in pregnancy:eleven studies were included, reported data on 28 781 pregnant @entity0 (3 036 @entity0 with @entity2 745 euthyroid pregnant @entity0 ). The risk of @entity1 in pregnant @entity0 with positive thyroid autoantibody was higher than those negative thyroid autoantibody in control group (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.27- 1.70, P < 0.01). The funnel plots presented symmetrical graphics, indicating that there was no publication bias. CONCLUSION: Clinical or @entity3 and positive thyroid autoantibody in pregnant @entity0 is risk factors of @entity1 .

title: [Clinical or @entity3 and thyroid autoantibody before 20 weeks pregnancy and risk of XXXX : a systematic review].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between clinical or @entity3 and positive thyroid autoantibody before 20 weeks pregnancy and risk of @entity1 . METHODS: Literature search was done in PubMed, EMBASE, Wanfang Medical Database, @entity5 Database and China Biology Medicine disc databases from January 1st, 1980 to December 31th, 2013. The following search terms were used: @entity3 , @entity3 , hypothyroxinnism, thyroid antibody, @entity4 , @entity1 , etc. (1) Criteria for inclusion:cohort studies and clinical studies were included; only articles that described at least 10 @entity0 were eligible;the exposure was clinical or @entity3 and positive thyroid autoantihody, and outcome was @entity1 . (2) The excluded subjects were articles that described less than 10 @entity0 ; controls were pregnant @entity0 without eurothyrodisim. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5. The relationship between clinical or @entity3 and positive thyroid autoantibody and risk of @entity1 was evaluated by OR or RR. RESULTS: (1) Twenty cohort studies were enrolled. A total of 39 596 cases of @entity1 occurred among 498 418 pregnant @entity0 . The controls in these studies were pregnant @entity0 with eurothyrodisim. (2) @entity3 in pregnancy: eight studies were included, reported data on 478 418 pregnant @entity0 (5 473 @entity0 with clinical @entity3 and 472 945 euthyroid pregnant @entity0 ). The risk of @entity1 in pregnant @entity0 with clinical @entity3 was higher than those eurothyroid pregnant @entity0 in control group (OR = 1.25, 95% CI:1.15-1.36, P < 0.01). (3) @entity3 in pregnancy: ten studies were included, reported data on 277 531 pregnant @entity0 (5 257 @entity0 with @entity3 and 272 274 euthyroid pregnant @entity0 ). The risk of @entity1 in pregnant @entity0 with @entity3 was higher than those in control group by random effects analysis (OR = 1.25, 95% CI:1.14-1.36, P < 0.01). (4) Thyroid autoantibodys positive in pregnancy:eleven studies were included, reported data on 28 781 pregnant @entity0 (3 036 @entity0 with @entity2 745 euthyroid pregnant @entity0 ). The risk of @entity1 in pregnant @entity0 with positive thyroid autoantibody was higher than those negative thyroid autoantibody in control group (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.27- 1.70, P < 0.01). The funnel plots presented symmetrical graphics, indicating that there was no publication bias. CONCLUSION: Clinical or @entity3 and positive thyroid autoantibody in pregnant @entity0 is risk factors of @entity1 .

title: [Clinical or XXXX and thyroid autoantibody before 20 weeks pregnancy and risk of @entity1 : a systematic review].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Crossed @entity4 is reported to be more frequent in traumatic series than in series of @entity0 with other pathologies. A right-handed young @entity0 suffered a closed- @entity2 and became aphasic and hemiparetic on the left. CT scan revealed a @entity1 . Neuropsychological examination revealed a fluent @entity4 and a @entity3 . These signs were compatible with left @entity5 . However, the presence of a @entity1 suggested that this @entity0 could be a crossed aphasic. Subsequent EEG study showed a left occipitotemporal focus and a right frontal one. Aphasic signs could thus be due to the @entity1 , which was the result of a contrecoup mechanism. Fluent aphasias have been reported in closed- @entity2 with right frontal impact. Attention is called for the possible bias of including cases like this in series of traumatic crossed @entity4 .

title: Contrecoup injury in the misdiagnosis of crossed XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A typing scheme for @entity1 based on slide agglutination with rabbit antisera was previously described. It allows the differentiation of 10 serogroups designated A, B, C, D, F, G, H, I, K, and X. We studied the correlation between serogrouping and @entity2 gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of whole-cell proteins. A total of 202 isolates from different sources were analyzed by PAGE after ultrasonic disintegration of cells from an 18-h liquid culture and treatment with @entity3 and @entity4 . A total of 21 different patterns were observed. The reference strains from the 10 serogroups showed different profiles. For each serogroup except A, the patterns obtained with the clinical isolates were identical to the patterns obtained with the reference strains. For the 48 strains belonging to serogroup A, 12 different profiles were observed. Five of these involved strains isolated from patients with antibiotic-associated @entity0 . Typing by @entity3 -PAGE thus correlates with serogrouping. In addition, it allows discrimination within the heterogeneous serogroup A.

title: Comparison of serogrouping and @entity2 gel electrophoresis for typing XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A typing scheme for @entity1 based on slide agglutination with rabbit antisera was previously described. It allows the differentiation of 10 serogroups designated A, B, C, D, F, G, H, I, K, and X. We studied the correlation between serogrouping and @entity2 gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of whole-cell proteins. A total of 202 isolates from different sources were analyzed by PAGE after ultrasonic disintegration of cells from an 18-h liquid culture and treatment with @entity3 and @entity4 . A total of 21 different patterns were observed. The reference strains from the 10 serogroups showed different profiles. For each serogroup except A, the patterns obtained with the clinical isolates were identical to the patterns obtained with the reference strains. For the 48 strains belonging to serogroup A, 12 different profiles were observed. Five of these involved strains isolated from patients with antibiotic-associated @entity0 . Typing by @entity3 -PAGE thus correlates with serogrouping. In addition, it allows discrimination within the heterogeneous serogroup A.

title: Comparison of serogrouping and XXXX gel electrophoresis for typing @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, impact on quality of life, and safety of pregabalin for the treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). DESIGN: Multicenter, parallel-group, single-blind, 4-week, randomized clinical trial. SETTING: Conducted in the department of @entity2 clinic of participating hospitals. SUBJECTS: Three hundred @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity1 (of which 239 completed the study). METHODS: @entity0 were treated with oxycodone (A group) or combination of oxycodone and pregabalin (B group). @entity0 with @entity3 belonged to A1 group and B1 group. @entity0 with @entity1 belonged to A2 group and B2 group. @entity2 intensity was rated on an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS). Other outcomes included mean daily oxycodone doses, quality of life, and adverse effects. RESULTS: Pregabalin-treated @entity0 had greater NRS decrement: 74% in B1 (vs 58% in A1; P   <   0.05); 69% in B2 (vs 53% in A2; P   <   0.05). Significant improvement in quality of life was observed in all groups, and pregabalin-treated @entity0 improved more, with 72.7% in B1 (vs 63.7% in A1; P   <   0.05) and 74.5% in B2 (vs 59.6% in A2; P   <   0.05). The maximum tolerated dose of oxycodone for pregabalin-treated @entity0 was lower. Pregabalin had acceptable tolerability. CONCLUSIONS: Both combination therapy with oxycodone plus pregabalin and oxycodone monotherapy were effective and safe for @entity1 . In addition, subjects on combination therapy showed shortened time to @entity2 relief, reduced @entity2 intensity, and greater improvement than oxycodone alone.

title: Pregabalin in the treatment of XXXX : results of a multicenter chinese study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: The @entity1 symptom score (OABSS) is a useful tool for assessing the four key symptoms of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), but it sometimes misrepresents a @entity0 's actual voiding status. To examine whether the @entity0 -determined OABSS underestimates or overestimates the true status, its results were compared to those of the OABSS derived from a 7-day bladder diary (OABSS-BD). METHODS: Records of @entity0 who visited our outpatient clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms were evaluated retrospectively. The @entity0 were asked to complete the OABSS and the 7-day bladder diary (BD). The OABSS-BD was created from the 7-day BD. Questions were compared between the OABSS and the OABSS-BD. RESULTS: A total of 44 @entity0 and 31 @entity0 were evaluated. For daytime frequency, the mean OABSS score was 1.03        0.57 and the OABSS-BD score was 0.69        0.52 (P   <   0.01). For nighttime frequency, the mean OABSS score was 2.27        0.84, and the OABSS-BD score was 1.96        1.00 (P   =   0.04). For urinary urgency, the mean OABSS score was 2.49        1.83, and the OABSS-BD score was 2.70        1.90 (P   =   0.27). For urgency incontinence, the mean OABSS score was 1.67        1.92, and the OABSS-BD score was 1.52        1.87 (P   =   0.28). For the total score, the mean OABSS total score was 7.26        3.92, and the OABSS-BD score was 6.98        3.26 (P   =   0.23). CONCLUSIONS: The OABSS is a very simple and useful tool. However, compared to the results from the 7-day FVC, the present @entity0 overestimated daytime and nighttime frequency. Neurourol. Urodynam.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Comparison of the XXXX symptom score and the @entity1 symptom score derived from the bladder diaries.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: The @entity1 symptom score (OABSS) is a useful tool for assessing the four key symptoms of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), but it sometimes misrepresents a @entity0 's actual voiding status. To examine whether the @entity0 -determined OABSS underestimates or overestimates the true status, its results were compared to those of the OABSS derived from a 7-day bladder diary (OABSS-BD). METHODS: Records of @entity0 who visited our outpatient clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms were evaluated retrospectively. The @entity0 were asked to complete the OABSS and the 7-day bladder diary (BD). The OABSS-BD was created from the 7-day BD. Questions were compared between the OABSS and the OABSS-BD. RESULTS: A total of 44 @entity0 and 31 @entity0 were evaluated. For daytime frequency, the mean OABSS score was 1.03        0.57 and the OABSS-BD score was 0.69        0.52 (P   <   0.01). For nighttime frequency, the mean OABSS score was 2.27        0.84, and the OABSS-BD score was 1.96        1.00 (P   =   0.04). For urinary urgency, the mean OABSS score was 2.49        1.83, and the OABSS-BD score was 2.70        1.90 (P   =   0.27). For urgency incontinence, the mean OABSS score was 1.67        1.92, and the OABSS-BD score was 1.52        1.87 (P   =   0.28). For the total score, the mean OABSS total score was 7.26        3.92, and the OABSS-BD score was 6.98        3.26 (P   =   0.23). CONCLUSIONS: The OABSS is a very simple and useful tool. However, compared to the results from the 7-day FVC, the present @entity0 overestimated daytime and nighttime frequency. Neurourol. Urodynam.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Comparison of the @entity1 symptom score and the XXXX symptom score derived from the bladder diaries.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A new @entity3 cell line has been established from the dispersed cells taken from a heterotransplanted @entity1 at the 6th passage in @entity2 which had been serially transplanted with a @entity4 of @entity5 (FIGO) of the ovary. Selection of cancerous epithelioid cells was completed by the 4th passage by means of the colonial cloning method. The cell line designated TYK-nu was subcultured serially in Eagle's MEM with 10% FCS more than 100 times over 31 months at March, 1986 and was observed to produce a @entity1 on implantation into @entity2 histologically similar to the @entity1 . These cells form a monolayer in a pavement-like arrangement with polygonal cells including giant cells and reveal a lack of contact inhibition. PAS positive substance can be seen in the cytoplasm. Desmosome structure, well-developed cell organelles and glycogen granules can be found by electron microscopy. The population doubling time was about 37 hours and the plating efficiency was 13-17%. All cells were seen to be of the @entity0 karyotype on chromosomal analysis and the number of chromosome in the majority of cells was hyperdiploidy with a mode of 56 at the 6th and 84th passages. A submetacentric marker chromosome was present. Using in vitro colony assay, TYK-nu was studied for drug sensitivity to @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity10 , and found to be sensitive to @entity7 .

title: [Establishment of a cell line from @entity0 @entity3 ( XXXX of FIGO classification) and analysis of its cell-biological characteristics and sensitivity to anticancer drugs].

answer: @entity5


abstract: A new @entity3 cell line has been established from the dispersed cells taken from a heterotransplanted @entity1 at the 6th passage in @entity2 which had been serially transplanted with a @entity4 of @entity5 (FIGO) of the ovary. Selection of cancerous epithelioid cells was completed by the 4th passage by means of the colonial cloning method. The cell line designated TYK-nu was subcultured serially in Eagle's MEM with 10% FCS more than 100 times over 31 months at March, 1986 and was observed to produce a @entity1 on implantation into @entity2 histologically similar to the @entity1 . These cells form a monolayer in a pavement-like arrangement with polygonal cells including giant cells and reveal a lack of contact inhibition. PAS positive substance can be seen in the cytoplasm. Desmosome structure, well-developed cell organelles and glycogen granules can be found by electron microscopy. The population doubling time was about 37 hours and the plating efficiency was 13-17%. All cells were seen to be of the @entity0 karyotype on chromosomal analysis and the number of chromosome in the majority of cells was hyperdiploidy with a mode of 56 at the 6th and 84th passages. A submetacentric marker chromosome was present. Using in vitro colony assay, TYK-nu was studied for drug sensitivity to @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity10 , and found to be sensitive to @entity7 .

title: [Establishment of a cell line from @entity0 XXXX ( @entity5 of FIGO classification) and analysis of its cell-biological characteristics and sensitivity to anticancer drugs].

answer: @entity3


abstract: A new @entity3 cell line has been established from the dispersed cells taken from a heterotransplanted @entity1 at the 6th passage in @entity2 which had been serially transplanted with a @entity4 of @entity5 (FIGO) of the ovary. Selection of cancerous epithelioid cells was completed by the 4th passage by means of the colonial cloning method. The cell line designated TYK-nu was subcultured serially in Eagle's MEM with 10% FCS more than 100 times over 31 months at March, 1986 and was observed to produce a @entity1 on implantation into @entity2 histologically similar to the @entity1 . These cells form a monolayer in a pavement-like arrangement with polygonal cells including giant cells and reveal a lack of contact inhibition. PAS positive substance can be seen in the cytoplasm. Desmosome structure, well-developed cell organelles and glycogen granules can be found by electron microscopy. The population doubling time was about 37 hours and the plating efficiency was 13-17%. All cells were seen to be of the @entity0 karyotype on chromosomal analysis and the number of chromosome in the majority of cells was hyperdiploidy with a mode of 56 at the 6th and 84th passages. A submetacentric marker chromosome was present. Using in vitro colony assay, TYK-nu was studied for drug sensitivity to @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity10 , and found to be sensitive to @entity7 .

title: [Establishment of a cell line from XXXX @entity3 ( @entity5 of FIGO classification) and analysis of its cell-biological characteristics and sensitivity to anticancer drugs].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated whether extracorporeal shock wave (ECSW) therapy can attenuate cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighteen male-adult @entity1 were equally divided into group 1 (sham control), group 2 ( @entity6 induced by 150 mg/kg CYP by intra-peritoneal injection) and group 3 ( @entity6 + ECSW 200 impulses at 0.11 mJ/mm(2) to the urinary bladder at 3 and 24 h after CYP treatment). Smooth-muscle cells co-culture with menadione (25   M) with and without ECSW treatment was performed. Western-blot results demonstrated that ECSW significant attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in this in-vitro studies (all p < 0.001). 24-hour urine amount and microscopic findings of red-blood-cell count (i.e., @entity3 ) were higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3, and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 (all p < 0.001). The urine levels of albumin and @entity2 showed an identical pattern of @entity3 among all three groups (all p < 0.001). The cellular and mRNA expressions of @entity15 ( @entity13 )+, @entity16 +, @entity14 +, substance p+, and @entity8 + cells in the bladder tissue exhibited an identical pattern of @entity3 among all groups (all p < 0.0001). The integrity of epithelial layer and collagen-deposition area as stained by Sirius red displayed an opposite pattern of @entity3 among the three groups (p < 0.0001). The protein expression of IL-12, @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity11 , @entity10 , @entity12 , and Oxyblot displayed an identical pattern of @entity3 among all groups (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ECSW therapy markedly attenuated CYP-induced @entity6 through inhibitions of the @entity0 and oxidative stress.

title: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced @entity1 XXXX though inhibiting @entity0 and oxidative stress-in vitro and in vivo experiment studies.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated whether extracorporeal shock wave (ECSW) therapy can attenuate cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighteen male-adult @entity1 were equally divided into group 1 (sham control), group 2 ( @entity6 induced by 150 mg/kg CYP by intra-peritoneal injection) and group 3 ( @entity6 + ECSW 200 impulses at 0.11 mJ/mm(2) to the urinary bladder at 3 and 24 h after CYP treatment). Smooth-muscle cells co-culture with menadione (25   M) with and without ECSW treatment was performed. Western-blot results demonstrated that ECSW significant attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in this in-vitro studies (all p < 0.001). 24-hour urine amount and microscopic findings of red-blood-cell count (i.e., @entity3 ) were higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3, and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 (all p < 0.001). The urine levels of albumin and @entity2 showed an identical pattern of @entity3 among all three groups (all p < 0.001). The cellular and mRNA expressions of @entity15 ( @entity13 )+, @entity16 +, @entity14 +, substance p+, and @entity8 + cells in the bladder tissue exhibited an identical pattern of @entity3 among all groups (all p < 0.0001). The integrity of epithelial layer and collagen-deposition area as stained by Sirius red displayed an opposite pattern of @entity3 among the three groups (p < 0.0001). The protein expression of IL-12, @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity11 , @entity10 , @entity12 , and Oxyblot displayed an identical pattern of @entity3 among all groups (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ECSW therapy markedly attenuated CYP-induced @entity6 through inhibitions of the @entity0 and oxidative stress.

title: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced @entity1 @entity6 though inhibiting XXXX and oxidative stress-in vitro and in vivo experiment studies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated whether extracorporeal shock wave (ECSW) therapy can attenuate cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighteen male-adult @entity1 were equally divided into group 1 (sham control), group 2 ( @entity6 induced by 150 mg/kg CYP by intra-peritoneal injection) and group 3 ( @entity6 + ECSW 200 impulses at 0.11 mJ/mm(2) to the urinary bladder at 3 and 24 h after CYP treatment). Smooth-muscle cells co-culture with menadione (25   M) with and without ECSW treatment was performed. Western-blot results demonstrated that ECSW significant attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in this in-vitro studies (all p < 0.001). 24-hour urine amount and microscopic findings of red-blood-cell count (i.e., @entity3 ) were higher in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3, and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 (all p < 0.001). The urine levels of albumin and @entity2 showed an identical pattern of @entity3 among all three groups (all p < 0.001). The cellular and mRNA expressions of @entity15 ( @entity13 )+, @entity16 +, @entity14 +, substance p+, and @entity8 + cells in the bladder tissue exhibited an identical pattern of @entity3 among all groups (all p < 0.0001). The integrity of epithelial layer and collagen-deposition area as stained by Sirius red displayed an opposite pattern of @entity3 among the three groups (p < 0.0001). The protein expression of IL-12, @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity11 , @entity10 , @entity12 , and Oxyblot displayed an identical pattern of @entity3 among all groups (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: ECSW therapy markedly attenuated CYP-induced @entity6 through inhibitions of the @entity0 and oxidative stress.

title: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced XXXX @entity6 though inhibiting @entity0 and oxidative stress-in vitro and in vivo experiment studies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Experiments were carried out to establish whether infusion of relaxin prolongs gestation and labour in the @entity0 by suppressing release of @entity1 , and whether the effects of relaxin on birth could be reversed by the opioid antagonist @entity2 . Female @entity0 were implanted with subcutaneous osmotic minipumps for the infusion of purified porcine relaxin into the jugular vein for 84 h from either day 19 or day 20 of gestation. Infusion of relaxin delayed the onset of labour and in those animals which delivered during relaxin infusion, delivery was longer by approximately 45 min. Plasma @entity1 levels 40 min after delivery of the first fetus were 45.25 +/- 3.6 pmol/l (mean +/- S.D.) in unoperated controls and significantly (P less than 0.01) depressed (23.89 +/- 3.9) in @entity0 that delivered during infusion of relaxin. @entity0 that delivered after the infusion of relaxin had finished, gave birth significantly (P less than 0.05) faster than controls and plasma @entity1 levels were significantly (P less than 0.01) raised (77.87 +/- 15.9 pmol/l). @entity2 treatment (1 mg/kg; i.m.) given immediately after the delivery of the first fetus reversed the inhibitory effect of relaxin and the interval between successive deliveries was slightly faster than that of controls. Plasma @entity1 levels in relaxin-infused @entity2 -treated @entity0 were significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than values in unoperated control @entity0 . The results confirm that relaxin suppresses @entity1 release possibly through an opioid system and this may be important in the control of the timing of birth.

title: Relaxin acts centrally to inhibit XXXX release during parturition: an effect that is reversed by @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Experiments were carried out to establish whether infusion of relaxin prolongs gestation and labour in the @entity0 by suppressing release of @entity1 , and whether the effects of relaxin on birth could be reversed by the opioid antagonist @entity2 . Female @entity0 were implanted with subcutaneous osmotic minipumps for the infusion of purified porcine relaxin into the jugular vein for 84 h from either day 19 or day 20 of gestation. Infusion of relaxin delayed the onset of labour and in those animals which delivered during relaxin infusion, delivery was longer by approximately 45 min. Plasma @entity1 levels 40 min after delivery of the first fetus were 45.25 +/- 3.6 pmol/l (mean +/- S.D.) in unoperated controls and significantly (P less than 0.01) depressed (23.89 +/- 3.9) in @entity0 that delivered during infusion of relaxin. @entity0 that delivered after the infusion of relaxin had finished, gave birth significantly (P less than 0.05) faster than controls and plasma @entity1 levels were significantly (P less than 0.01) raised (77.87 +/- 15.9 pmol/l). @entity2 treatment (1 mg/kg; i.m.) given immediately after the delivery of the first fetus reversed the inhibitory effect of relaxin and the interval between successive deliveries was slightly faster than that of controls. Plasma @entity1 levels in relaxin-infused @entity2 -treated @entity0 were significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than values in unoperated control @entity0 . The results confirm that relaxin suppresses @entity1 release possibly through an opioid system and this may be important in the control of the timing of birth.

title: Relaxin acts centrally to inhibit @entity1 release during parturition: an effect that is reversed by XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Longitudinally extensive @entity5 (LETM) has classically been grouped with the full or limited @entity4 spectrum disorders (NMOSD). However, differential diagnosis reveals a wide range of aetiologies. OBJECTIVE: To report on differential diagnosis and prognosis for LETM observed in a group of @entity0 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. @entity0 AND METHODS: Cross-sectional and retrospective multicentre study in two hospitals in Buenos Aires from June 2008 to June 2014. INCLUSION CRITERIA: medullary syndrome associated with spinal cord lesion extending for 3 or more contiguous spinal segments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Clinical, radiological, and biochemical data were collected and subjects were rated on the Hughes functional disability scale (WHFDS) at 3 months. RESULTS: We evaluated 27 @entity0 , 74% of whom were @entity0 ; mean age was 35.22 years. The NMO-IgG antibody test was performed in 66.6% and oligoclonal band testing in 71%. NMO-IgG seropositivity was found exclusively in NMOSD @entity0 (75%). Brain MRI was normal in 59.2% and revealed a mean of 7.9 affected spinal segments. Differential diagnoses revealed NMOSD (37%), idiopathic LETM (22.2%), lupus (11.1%), @entity1 (11.1%), dural fistula (7.4%), acute disseminated @entity3 (7.4%), and a single case of @entity2 (3.7%). @entity0 with lesions to >=  7 spinal segments showed poor recovery at 3 months (P<.001); these cases were associated with neoplastic, vascular, idiopathic, and lupus-related aetiologies. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent causes of LETM in our cohort were NMOSD followed by idiopathic cases. Neoplastic, vascular, lupus-related, and idiopathic LETM may constitute a critical group with a distinct prognosis and other treatment needs.

title: Differential diagnosis and prognosis for longitudinally extensive XXXX in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 (the pneumococcus) is a common colonizer of the @entity0 nasopharynx. Despite a low rate of invasive disease, the high prevalence of colonization results in millions of infections and over one million deaths per year, mostly in individuals under the age of 5 and the elderly. Colonizing pneumococci form well-organized biofilm communities in the nasopharyngeal environment, but the specific role of biofilms and their interaction with the host during colonization and disease is not yet clear. Pneumococci in biofilms are highly resistant to antimicrobial agents and this phenotype can be recapitulated when pneumococci are grown on respiratory epithelial cells under conditions found in the nasopharyngeal environment. Pneumococcal biofilms display lower levels of virulence in vivo and provide an optimal environment for increased genetic exchange both in vitro and in vivo, with increased natural transformation seen during co-colonization with multiple strains. Biofilms have also been detected on mucosal surfaces during @entity2 and @entity5 , although the role of these biofilms in the disease process is debated. Recent studies have shown that changes in the nasopharyngeal environment caused by concomitant virus infection, changes in the microflora, @entity1 , or other host assaults trigger active release of pneumococci from biofilms. These dispersed bacteria have distinct phenotypic properties and transcriptional profiles different from both biofilm and broth-grown, planktonic bacteria, resulting in a significantly increased virulence in vivo. In this review we discuss the properties of pneumococcal biofilms, the role of biofilm formation during pneumococcal colonization, including their propensity for increased ability to exchange genetic material, as well as mechanisms involved in transition from asymptomatic biofilm colonization to dissemination and disease of otherwise sterile sites. Greater understanding of pneumococcal biofilm formation and dispersion will elucidate novel avenues to interfere with the spread of antibiotic resistance and vaccine escape, as well as novel strategies to target the mechanisms involved in induction of @entity3 .

title: XXXX biofilm formation and dispersion during colonization and disease.

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: Primary: to evaluate predictivity of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), and their ratio assessed by real-time 2D shear wave elastography (RT-2D-SWE) for adverse outcomes ( @entity2 or @entity3 ; "event") in compensated @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 . Secondary: to evaluate ability of these measures to discriminate between cirrhotic @entity0 with/without @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: Predictivity of @entity4 , @entity7 , and @entity4 / @entity7 was assessed in a retrospectively analyzed cohort of compensated @entity5 @entity0 (follow-up cohort) and through comparison with incident @entity0 with decompensated @entity1 (DC) (cross-sectional cohort). Both cohorts were used to evaluate diagnostic properties regarding @entity6 . RESULTS: In the follow-up cohort (n=44) 18 @entity0 (40.9%) experienced an "event" over a median period of 28 months. @entity4 >= 21.5 kPa at baseline was independently associated with 3.4-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-10.4, P=0.026) higher risk of event. Association between @entity7 and outcomes was weaker (P=0.056), while there was no association between @entity4 / @entity7 ratio and outcomes. @entity0 with DC (n=43) had higher @entity4 (35.3 vs 18.3 kPa, adjusted difference 65%, 95% CI 43%-90%; P<0.001) than compensated @entity0 at baseline. Adjusted odds of @entity6 increased by 13% (95% CI 7.0%-20.0%; Plt;0.001) with 1 kPa increase in @entity4 . At cut-offs of 19.7 and 30.3 kPa, @entity4 and @entity7 had 90% and 86.6% negative predictive value, respectively, to exclude @entity6 in compensated @entity0 . CONCLUSION: This is the first evaluation of RT-2D-SWE as a prognostic tool in @entity5 . Although preliminary and gathered in a limited sample, our data emphasize the potential of @entity4 to be a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of @entity6 in @entity5 @entity0 .

title: Real-time two-dimensional shear wave ultrasound elastography of the liver is a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of XXXX in @entity0 with compensated @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIM: Primary: to evaluate predictivity of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), and their ratio assessed by real-time 2D shear wave elastography (RT-2D-SWE) for adverse outcomes ( @entity2 or @entity3 ; "event") in compensated @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 . Secondary: to evaluate ability of these measures to discriminate between cirrhotic @entity0 with/without @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: Predictivity of @entity4 , @entity7 , and @entity4 / @entity7 was assessed in a retrospectively analyzed cohort of compensated @entity5 @entity0 (follow-up cohort) and through comparison with incident @entity0 with decompensated @entity1 (DC) (cross-sectional cohort). Both cohorts were used to evaluate diagnostic properties regarding @entity6 . RESULTS: In the follow-up cohort (n=44) 18 @entity0 (40.9%) experienced an "event" over a median period of 28 months. @entity4 >= 21.5 kPa at baseline was independently associated with 3.4-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-10.4, P=0.026) higher risk of event. Association between @entity7 and outcomes was weaker (P=0.056), while there was no association between @entity4 / @entity7 ratio and outcomes. @entity0 with DC (n=43) had higher @entity4 (35.3 vs 18.3 kPa, adjusted difference 65%, 95% CI 43%-90%; P<0.001) than compensated @entity0 at baseline. Adjusted odds of @entity6 increased by 13% (95% CI 7.0%-20.0%; Plt;0.001) with 1 kPa increase in @entity4 . At cut-offs of 19.7 and 30.3 kPa, @entity4 and @entity7 had 90% and 86.6% negative predictive value, respectively, to exclude @entity6 in compensated @entity0 . CONCLUSION: This is the first evaluation of RT-2D-SWE as a prognostic tool in @entity5 . Although preliminary and gathered in a limited sample, our data emphasize the potential of @entity4 to be a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of @entity6 in @entity5 @entity0 .

title: Real-time two-dimensional shear wave ultrasound elastography of the liver is a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of @entity6 in @entity0 with compensated XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: Primary: to evaluate predictivity of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), and their ratio assessed by real-time 2D shear wave elastography (RT-2D-SWE) for adverse outcomes ( @entity2 or @entity3 ; "event") in compensated @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 . Secondary: to evaluate ability of these measures to discriminate between cirrhotic @entity0 with/without @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: Predictivity of @entity4 , @entity7 , and @entity4 / @entity7 was assessed in a retrospectively analyzed cohort of compensated @entity5 @entity0 (follow-up cohort) and through comparison with incident @entity0 with decompensated @entity1 (DC) (cross-sectional cohort). Both cohorts were used to evaluate diagnostic properties regarding @entity6 . RESULTS: In the follow-up cohort (n=44) 18 @entity0 (40.9%) experienced an "event" over a median period of 28 months. @entity4 >= 21.5 kPa at baseline was independently associated with 3.4-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16-10.4, P=0.026) higher risk of event. Association between @entity7 and outcomes was weaker (P=0.056), while there was no association between @entity4 / @entity7 ratio and outcomes. @entity0 with DC (n=43) had higher @entity4 (35.3 vs 18.3 kPa, adjusted difference 65%, 95% CI 43%-90%; P<0.001) than compensated @entity0 at baseline. Adjusted odds of @entity6 increased by 13% (95% CI 7.0%-20.0%; Plt;0.001) with 1 kPa increase in @entity4 . At cut-offs of 19.7 and 30.3 kPa, @entity4 and @entity7 had 90% and 86.6% negative predictive value, respectively, to exclude @entity6 in compensated @entity0 . CONCLUSION: This is the first evaluation of RT-2D-SWE as a prognostic tool in @entity5 . Although preliminary and gathered in a limited sample, our data emphasize the potential of @entity4 to be a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of @entity6 in @entity5 @entity0 .

title: Real-time two-dimensional shear wave ultrasound elastography of the liver is a reliable predictor of clinical outcomes and the presence of @entity6 in XXXX with compensated @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction   The aim of this study was to evaluate the esthetic and sensory outcomes after reconstruction of finger @entity1 with free toe flaps from the lateral aspect of the great toe. Methods   From June 2006 to October 2011, we performed 48 free toe pulp transfers for finger pulp reconstruction in 43 @entity0 ; 18 male and 25 female @entity0 with a mean age of 31.8 years (range, 16-47 years). Six @entity0 suffered multiple @entity1 and five received two synchronous pulp transfers. The defects involved 20 thumbs, 15 index fingers, 10 long fingers, and 4 ring fingers, and @entity2 size ranged from 24   *   18 to 55   *   30 mm. Follow-up evaluation included the functional and esthetic outcomes of the reconstructed pulps and donor toes. Results   All but one @entity2 survived completely. Overall, 32 cases (35 pulp flaps) were followed for more than 1   year (range, 12-48 months; average, 22.8 months). The Semmes-Weinstein sensitivity score was 2.83 to 4.74 at the flaps and the mean static two-point discrimination was 6.17   mm (range, 3-10 mm). A total of 13 @entity0 (40.6%) experienced mild (10 cases) to moderate (3 cases) cold intolerance, and 1 @entity0 (3.1%) suffered severe cold intolerance. According to the Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire the mean esthetic appearance score was 16 (range, 12-19). Conclusion   The free neurovascular great toe pulp @entity2 is an efficient and reliable @entity2 for the reconstruction of finger @entity1 .

title: Free Lateral Great Toe XXXX for the Reconstruction of Finger Pulp Defects.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Esophageal metaplasia progression is a consequence of chronic @entity2 (CGR). @entity0 with this condition are frequently infected by @entity5 and show several symptoms including @entity7 as well as @entity4 formation. In addition, they present an increased risk for the development of @entity3 . Several pathogenic markers for @entity5 such as ureC, vacA and @entity6 genes have been described. Evidence indicates that direct injury to the epithelial mucosa is caused by cytotoxins and enzymes codified by these genes. We undertook this study to establish a relationship between the presence of pathogenic @entity5 strains and the presence of metaplasia progression in @entity0 with CGR. METHODS: We detected the presence of @entity5 @entity6 and vacA positive strains in @entity0 with CGR. Using polymerase chain reaction, we analyzed 120 samples obtained from 60 @entity0 with CGR and 60 control group @entity0 , including samples from both anatomic areas: cardia and gastric antrum. RESULTS: We detected 56% of @entity5 positive @entity0 ; 57.5% of these @entity0 were positive for either @entity6 (+) and/or vacA(+) @entity5 strains. Cardiac intestinal metaplasia was observed in 35% of the @entity0 . A marked tendency was observed to develop @entity1 in those @entity0 diagnosed with high-pathogenicity strains infected in both anatomic areas. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that infection with @entity5 can be considered a risk factor for developing @entity3 .

title: [Prevalence of intestinal metaplasia of the @entity3 and its relation with XXXX strains @entity6 and vacA].

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Esophageal metaplasia progression is a consequence of chronic @entity2 (CGR). @entity0 with this condition are frequently infected by @entity5 and show several symptoms including @entity7 as well as @entity4 formation. In addition, they present an increased risk for the development of @entity3 . Several pathogenic markers for @entity5 such as ureC, vacA and @entity6 genes have been described. Evidence indicates that direct injury to the epithelial mucosa is caused by cytotoxins and enzymes codified by these genes. We undertook this study to establish a relationship between the presence of pathogenic @entity5 strains and the presence of metaplasia progression in @entity0 with CGR. METHODS: We detected the presence of @entity5 @entity6 and vacA positive strains in @entity0 with CGR. Using polymerase chain reaction, we analyzed 120 samples obtained from 60 @entity0 with CGR and 60 control group @entity0 , including samples from both anatomic areas: cardia and gastric antrum. RESULTS: We detected 56% of @entity5 positive @entity0 ; 57.5% of these @entity0 were positive for either @entity6 (+) and/or vacA(+) @entity5 strains. Cardiac intestinal metaplasia was observed in 35% of the @entity0 . A marked tendency was observed to develop @entity1 in those @entity0 diagnosed with high-pathogenicity strains infected in both anatomic areas. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that infection with @entity5 can be considered a risk factor for developing @entity3 .

title: [Prevalence of intestinal metaplasia of the @entity3 and its relation with @entity5 strains XXXX and vacA].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Esophageal metaplasia progression is a consequence of chronic @entity2 (CGR). @entity0 with this condition are frequently infected by @entity5 and show several symptoms including @entity7 as well as @entity4 formation. In addition, they present an increased risk for the development of @entity3 . Several pathogenic markers for @entity5 such as ureC, vacA and @entity6 genes have been described. Evidence indicates that direct injury to the epithelial mucosa is caused by cytotoxins and enzymes codified by these genes. We undertook this study to establish a relationship between the presence of pathogenic @entity5 strains and the presence of metaplasia progression in @entity0 with CGR. METHODS: We detected the presence of @entity5 @entity6 and vacA positive strains in @entity0 with CGR. Using polymerase chain reaction, we analyzed 120 samples obtained from 60 @entity0 with CGR and 60 control group @entity0 , including samples from both anatomic areas: cardia and gastric antrum. RESULTS: We detected 56% of @entity5 positive @entity0 ; 57.5% of these @entity0 were positive for either @entity6 (+) and/or vacA(+) @entity5 strains. Cardiac intestinal metaplasia was observed in 35% of the @entity0 . A marked tendency was observed to develop @entity1 in those @entity0 diagnosed with high-pathogenicity strains infected in both anatomic areas. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that infection with @entity5 can be considered a risk factor for developing @entity3 .

title: [Prevalence of intestinal metaplasia of the XXXX and its relation with @entity5 strains @entity6 and vacA].

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 , D2-40, has been described in a variety of normal and neoplastic tissues. It is often used for highlighting lymphatics. We evaluated the expression of @entity5 in a-smooth muscle actinpositive myofibroblasts producing the suburothelial layer in tunica propria of the urinary bladder that have some similar features with telocytes. Our results showed that these cells demonstrate distinct D2-40 immunoreactivity from telocytes occurring in the renal pelvis and ureter. We observed positive reaction not only in bioptic specimens from @entity0 with @entity3 , but also in a control group of @entity0 and @entity0 treated for pathological @entity2 different from @entity3 . It is interesting that identical staining reaction was observed in the ureters only exceptionally. In addition, we examined samples from myofibroblastic tumoriform lesions of soft tissue such as nodular @entity4 and @entity1 (desmoid) and we obtained negative results. It means that the so-called myofibroblasts of urinary bladder tunica propria have a unique immunophenotype that has probably not been described until now. Our findings suggest that D2-40 can be used as a complementary immunostainer to a-smooth muscle actin on urinary bladder biopsies from @entity0 with @entity3 . The role of D2-40 as an immunohistochemical marker is still being investigated.

title: XXXX (D2-40) is a Reliable Marker of Urinary Bladder Myofibroblasts (Telocytes).

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Locally advanced @entity1 (LARC) @entity0 achieving ypT3 status following neoadjuvant chemoradiation are considered to have poor response with minimal downstaging. However, @entity1 cell amounts vary in the subserosa/perirectal fat. Tumor regression grading (TRG) is an evaluation method based on the proportion of @entity3 and @entity1 cells. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of TRG in ypT3 @entity1 @entity0 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 325 LARC @entity0 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery. TRG scores were recorded by two independent pathologists. Among these @entity0 , 143 were staged as ypT3. We analyzed TRG and other clinicopathological factors and their relationship with survival outcome including @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). RESULTS: Among 143 ypT3 @entity0 , 44 (30.8  %) were @entity5 , 84 (58.7  %) were @entity6 and 15 (10.5  %) were @entity7 . Seventy-nine (55.3  %) of these @entity0 had metastatic lymph nodes. In univariate analysis, TRG was not associated with @entity2 ( @entity6 vs @entity5 , P  =  0.852; @entity7 vs @entity5 , P  =  0.593) or @entity4 ( @entity6 vs @entity5 , P  =  0.977; @entity7 vs @entity5 , P  =  0.665). Palliative surgery (HR 3.845; 95  % CI 1.670-8.857; P  =  0.002) and metastatic lymph nodes after surgery (HR 5.894; 95  % CI 1.142-3.48; P  =  0.015) were significantly associated with decreased @entity2 , while palliative surgery was the only factor associated with worse @entity4 (HR 6.011; 95  % CI 2.150-16.810; P  =  0.001). Palliative surgery (HR 3.923; 95  % CI 1.696-9.073; P  =  0.001) and metastatic lymph nodes (HR 2.011; 95  % CI 1.152-3.512; P  =  0.014) also showed prognostic significance for @entity2 in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 cells evaluated by TRG score after neoadjuvant chemoradiation do not influence survival outcome in ypT3 @entity1 @entity0 . However, lymph node status is a significant prognostic factor in ypT3 @entity0 .

title: Can XXXX regression grade influence survival outcome in ypT3 @entity1 ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Locally advanced @entity1 (LARC) @entity0 achieving ypT3 status following neoadjuvant chemoradiation are considered to have poor response with minimal downstaging. However, @entity1 cell amounts vary in the subserosa/perirectal fat. Tumor regression grading (TRG) is an evaluation method based on the proportion of @entity3 and @entity1 cells. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of TRG in ypT3 @entity1 @entity0 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 325 LARC @entity0 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery. TRG scores were recorded by two independent pathologists. Among these @entity0 , 143 were staged as ypT3. We analyzed TRG and other clinicopathological factors and their relationship with survival outcome including @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). RESULTS: Among 143 ypT3 @entity0 , 44 (30.8  %) were @entity5 , 84 (58.7  %) were @entity6 and 15 (10.5  %) were @entity7 . Seventy-nine (55.3  %) of these @entity0 had metastatic lymph nodes. In univariate analysis, TRG was not associated with @entity2 ( @entity6 vs @entity5 , P  =  0.852; @entity7 vs @entity5 , P  =  0.593) or @entity4 ( @entity6 vs @entity5 , P  =  0.977; @entity7 vs @entity5 , P  =  0.665). Palliative surgery (HR 3.845; 95  % CI 1.670-8.857; P  =  0.002) and metastatic lymph nodes after surgery (HR 5.894; 95  % CI 1.142-3.48; P  =  0.015) were significantly associated with decreased @entity2 , while palliative surgery was the only factor associated with worse @entity4 (HR 6.011; 95  % CI 2.150-16.810; P  =  0.001). Palliative surgery (HR 3.923; 95  % CI 1.696-9.073; P  =  0.001) and metastatic lymph nodes (HR 2.011; 95  % CI 1.152-3.512; P  =  0.014) also showed prognostic significance for @entity2 in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 cells evaluated by TRG score after neoadjuvant chemoradiation do not influence survival outcome in ypT3 @entity1 @entity0 . However, lymph node status is a significant prognostic factor in ypT3 @entity0 .

title: Can @entity1 regression grade influence survival outcome in ypT3 XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: Bone marrow biopsies of 491 untreated and 170 treated @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were investigated. Marrow involvement was found in 10% and 25% respectively. Positive biopsies were rare in clinical stages I and II (1% and 2%), but the incidence rose to 25% and 45% in stages III and IV. @entity2 @entity0 with @entity4 in lymph node histology had a low incidence of bone marrow involvement (4%), while those with lymphocytic depletion had a high incidence (22%). Of nine clinical and six histological parameters tested, bone marrow involvement proved to be the most significant predictive factor indicating an unfavourable course. Moreover, classification of the bone marrow manifestations according to the degree of @entity3 , proved to be simple, reproducible and prognostically significant. Normal haematopoietic tissue was found in only 20% of the negative biopsies of untreated @entity0 . The remaining 80% were characterized by a variety of non-specific reactions. These included @entity1 and leukaemoid and exudative reactions each of which indicated a poor prognosis; and epithelioid-cell granulomas and lymphoid nodules which predicted favourable survival curves. Adequate bone marrow biopsy is a valuable part of the investigation of @entity0 with @entity2 , as both positive and negative biopsies provide information of prognostic significance.

title: Assessment of bone marrow histology in XXXX : correlation with clinical factors.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The search for non-narcotic drugs that will enhance the analgesic effects of opiates without enhancing their side effects has included the investigation of psychoactive drugs already approved for other uses. Some research has supported an analgesic effect of @entity3 (RIS), an atypical neuroleptic. However, the analysis of the analgesic efficacy of RIS alone or as an adjuvant to @entity4 (MOR) has not considered the production of adverse motor effects that would limit its usefulness as a treatment for @entity1 . We tested whether low doses of RIS would enhance the analgesic action of opiates without inducing untoward motor effects. The @entity5 induced by a range of RIS doses (0.1-1.0 mg/kg, SC) was assessed alone and in combination with MOR (5 mg/kg, IP) in male Long-Evans (hooded) @entity0 using two different algesiometric assays: hotplate and tail-flick test. The presence or absence of ptosis, vacuous chewing, and abnormal stationary postures was recorded to evaluate @entity2 effects. No dose of RIS alone altered @entity1 threshold. However, the highest dose of RIS, 1.0 mg/kg SC, significantly increased the analgesic effects of MOR. Dyskinetic effects of RIS were dose-dependent and enhanced in RIS+MOR treatment. These results do not support the hypothesis that RIS, alone or in combination with MOR, elevates @entity1 threshold without also inducing motor side effects. These findings suggest caution in the use of RIS as either a primary treatment or opiate adjuvant treatment for @entity1 .

title: Low doses of @entity3 and @entity4 interact to produce more XXXX and greater extrapyramidal effects in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The search for non-narcotic drugs that will enhance the analgesic effects of opiates without enhancing their side effects has included the investigation of psychoactive drugs already approved for other uses. Some research has supported an analgesic effect of @entity3 (RIS), an atypical neuroleptic. However, the analysis of the analgesic efficacy of RIS alone or as an adjuvant to @entity4 (MOR) has not considered the production of adverse motor effects that would limit its usefulness as a treatment for @entity1 . We tested whether low doses of RIS would enhance the analgesic action of opiates without inducing untoward motor effects. The @entity5 induced by a range of RIS doses (0.1-1.0 mg/kg, SC) was assessed alone and in combination with MOR (5 mg/kg, IP) in male Long-Evans (hooded) @entity0 using two different algesiometric assays: hotplate and tail-flick test. The presence or absence of ptosis, vacuous chewing, and abnormal stationary postures was recorded to evaluate @entity2 effects. No dose of RIS alone altered @entity1 threshold. However, the highest dose of RIS, 1.0 mg/kg SC, significantly increased the analgesic effects of MOR. Dyskinetic effects of RIS were dose-dependent and enhanced in RIS+MOR treatment. These results do not support the hypothesis that RIS, alone or in combination with MOR, elevates @entity1 threshold without also inducing motor side effects. These findings suggest caution in the use of RIS as either a primary treatment or opiate adjuvant treatment for @entity1 .

title: Low doses of XXXX and @entity4 interact to produce more @entity5 and greater extrapyramidal effects in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The search for non-narcotic drugs that will enhance the analgesic effects of opiates without enhancing their side effects has included the investigation of psychoactive drugs already approved for other uses. Some research has supported an analgesic effect of @entity3 (RIS), an atypical neuroleptic. However, the analysis of the analgesic efficacy of RIS alone or as an adjuvant to @entity4 (MOR) has not considered the production of adverse motor effects that would limit its usefulness as a treatment for @entity1 . We tested whether low doses of RIS would enhance the analgesic action of opiates without inducing untoward motor effects. The @entity5 induced by a range of RIS doses (0.1-1.0 mg/kg, SC) was assessed alone and in combination with MOR (5 mg/kg, IP) in male Long-Evans (hooded) @entity0 using two different algesiometric assays: hotplate and tail-flick test. The presence or absence of ptosis, vacuous chewing, and abnormal stationary postures was recorded to evaluate @entity2 effects. No dose of RIS alone altered @entity1 threshold. However, the highest dose of RIS, 1.0 mg/kg SC, significantly increased the analgesic effects of MOR. Dyskinetic effects of RIS were dose-dependent and enhanced in RIS+MOR treatment. These results do not support the hypothesis that RIS, alone or in combination with MOR, elevates @entity1 threshold without also inducing motor side effects. These findings suggest caution in the use of RIS as either a primary treatment or opiate adjuvant treatment for @entity1 .

title: Low doses of @entity3 and XXXX interact to produce more @entity5 and greater extrapyramidal effects in @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The search for non-narcotic drugs that will enhance the analgesic effects of opiates without enhancing their side effects has included the investigation of psychoactive drugs already approved for other uses. Some research has supported an analgesic effect of @entity3 (RIS), an atypical neuroleptic. However, the analysis of the analgesic efficacy of RIS alone or as an adjuvant to @entity4 (MOR) has not considered the production of adverse motor effects that would limit its usefulness as a treatment for @entity1 . We tested whether low doses of RIS would enhance the analgesic action of opiates without inducing untoward motor effects. The @entity5 induced by a range of RIS doses (0.1-1.0 mg/kg, SC) was assessed alone and in combination with MOR (5 mg/kg, IP) in male Long-Evans (hooded) @entity0 using two different algesiometric assays: hotplate and tail-flick test. The presence or absence of ptosis, vacuous chewing, and abnormal stationary postures was recorded to evaluate @entity2 effects. No dose of RIS alone altered @entity1 threshold. However, the highest dose of RIS, 1.0 mg/kg SC, significantly increased the analgesic effects of MOR. Dyskinetic effects of RIS were dose-dependent and enhanced in RIS+MOR treatment. These results do not support the hypothesis that RIS, alone or in combination with MOR, elevates @entity1 threshold without also inducing motor side effects. These findings suggest caution in the use of RIS as either a primary treatment or opiate adjuvant treatment for @entity1 .

title: Low doses of @entity3 and @entity4 interact to produce more @entity5 and greater extrapyramidal effects in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: The outcome of the treatment of @entity1 remains poor despite improved treatment modalities and recurrence remains a major problem despite improved staging and treatment. The aim was to identify the independent risk factors responsible in the recurrence of @entity1 . METHODS: The @entity0 who had elective oesophagectomy (n = 244) with curative intent were studied. One hundred and eighty four @entity0 had surgery alone, 44 @entity0 had neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery while 16 @entity0 had neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. We have analyzed @entity0 who had surgery alone (n = 184). Data was collected for demography, type of operation, histology, staging ( @entity2 ), vascular invasion (VI), differentiation of @entity1 , type of chemotherapy and recurrence of @entity1 . RESULTS: The median age was 67 years (IQR 60, 71). The T1, T2, T3 distribution was 10%, 24% and 66% respectively. Forty percent had no nodal involvement (N0) and 60% had N1 stage disease. Twenty three percent of @entity0 had vascular invasion. Univariate analysis of histo-pathological factors identified lymph node yield (p = 0.06), curative resection R0 (p = 0.004) and vascular invasion (VI) (P = 0.69) as prognostic indicators of recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that number of lymph nodes yielded (p = 0.01) and R0 resection remain independent indicators of recurrence of @entity1 . However, VI (p = 0.2) and age at disease onset (p = 0.8) were not indicators of recurrence in @entity1 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: R0 and lymph node yield may help to predict the recurrence of @entity1 . However the presence of VI may not be a significant risk factor in disease recurrence.

title: Vascular invasion is not a risk factor in XXXX recurrence.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: the tissue spanning the mitral and aortic valves, the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa (MAIVF), may be the site of @entity4 formation in the setting of @entity3 or @entity1 , or after valve surgery. Because of potential complications of @entity2 , @entity0 with such lesions are often referred for surgical repair. METHODS: we identified 3 individuals with @entity2 who were followed without surgical intervention after diagnosis of the MAIVF @entity4 . The courses of these @entity0 are presented below. RESULTS: the @entity2 were measured to be stable in size over several years among 3 @entity0 . Dimensions were 5.3   2.3, 7.6   4.9, and 4.8   2.5 cm. Surgical repair was considered too high a risk in 2 of the individuals, and the third individual refused a third surgical intervention. Of the 3 @entity0 , 2 remain asymptomatic. The third @entity0 was 87 years old when her MAIVF @entity4 was diagnosed, and she died of noncardiac causes at age 92 years. CONCLUSIONS: clinical surveillance and serial imaging of MIAVF @entity4 may be considered an alternative to surgical management in select individuals.

title: XXXX : survival without reoperation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Design: Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) is frequently employed for the treatment of residual or recurrent @entity4 . We describe our use of FSRT for the treatment of large, invasive, nonfunctioning @entity4 (NFPAs). Methods: Sixty-eight @entity0 with a large residual or recurrent NFPAs were treated between April 2004 and December 2012, including 39 males and 29 females (median age 51 years). @entity3 were present in 34 @entity0 , consisting of @entity3 (n=31) and/or reduced visual acuity (n=12). Forty-five @entity0 had evidence of @entity6 before FSRT. For most of the @entity0 , the treatment was delivered through 5-10 noncoplanar conformal fixed fields using a 6-MV linear accelerator to a dose of 45 Gy in 25 fractions. Results: At a median follow-up of 75 months (range 12-120 months), the 5-year and 10-year actuarial local control were 97% and 91%, respectively, and overall survival 97% and 93%, respectively. Forty-nine @entity0 had a @entity1 reduction, 16 remained stable, and 3 progressed. The relative @entity1 volume reduction measured using three-dimensional (3-D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was 47%. The treatment was well tolerated with minimal acute @entity2 . Eighteen @entity0 developed @entity6 . The actuarial incidence of new @entity5 was 40% at 5 years and 72% at 10 years. No other radiation-induced complications occurred. Conclusions: Our results suggest that FSRT is an effective treatment for large or giant @entity4 with @entity2 .

title: Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for large and invasive non-functioning XXXX : long-term clinical outcomes and volumetric MRI assessment of @entity1 response.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Design: Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) is frequently employed for the treatment of residual or recurrent @entity4 . We describe our use of FSRT for the treatment of large, invasive, nonfunctioning @entity4 (NFPAs). Methods: Sixty-eight @entity0 with a large residual or recurrent NFPAs were treated between April 2004 and December 2012, including 39 males and 29 females (median age 51 years). @entity3 were present in 34 @entity0 , consisting of @entity3 (n=31) and/or reduced visual acuity (n=12). Forty-five @entity0 had evidence of @entity6 before FSRT. For most of the @entity0 , the treatment was delivered through 5-10 noncoplanar conformal fixed fields using a 6-MV linear accelerator to a dose of 45 Gy in 25 fractions. Results: At a median follow-up of 75 months (range 12-120 months), the 5-year and 10-year actuarial local control were 97% and 91%, respectively, and overall survival 97% and 93%, respectively. Forty-nine @entity0 had a @entity1 reduction, 16 remained stable, and 3 progressed. The relative @entity1 volume reduction measured using three-dimensional (3-D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was 47%. The treatment was well tolerated with minimal acute @entity2 . Eighteen @entity0 developed @entity6 . The actuarial incidence of new @entity5 was 40% at 5 years and 72% at 10 years. No other radiation-induced complications occurred. Conclusions: Our results suggest that FSRT is an effective treatment for large or giant @entity4 with @entity2 .

title: Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for large and invasive non-functioning @entity4 : long-term clinical outcomes and volumetric MRI assessment of XXXX response.

answer: @entity1