abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity7 and @entity6 are common in adults with acute severe @entity2 however only a few cases have been reported in @entity0 . Type A @entity6 is associated with impaired @entity1 delivery; type B occurs in the presence of normal @entity1 delivery and has been described to occur with excessive adrenergic stimulation. Type A and B @entity6 can be distinguished by the blood @entity3 / @entity4 ratio. Our objectives are to 1) investigate the incidence of @entity7 and @entity6 in @entity0 with acute severe @entity2 , and 2) determine whether @entity3 elevation is type A or B. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: University-affiliated tertiary care @entity0 's hospital. @entity0 : All @entity0 (n = 105) with acute severe @entity2 admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit between @entity5 , 2008 and November 30, 2009 were included. INTERVENTIONS: Blood @entity3 concentration was measured on a blood gas analyzer for all blood gas assessments obtained for clinical care. @entity7 was defined as @entity3 >2.2 mmol/L and @entity6 as @entity3 >5 mmol/L and pH <7.35. If @entity3 concentration was >5 mmol/L, consent was requested for measuring blood @entity3 and @entity4 using enzymatic laboratory methods. @entity3 / @entity4 ratio >25:1 indicated type A @entity6 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Eighty-seven (83%) @entity0 had @entity3 >2.2 mmol/L and 47 (45%) had @entity3 >5 mmol/L. Of those with @entity3 >5 mmol/L, 33 (70%) had corresponding blood pH <7.35. @entity3 / @entity4 ratios were obtained for 16 @entity0 . Of these, @entity3 / @entity4 ratio was <10 in three @entity0 ; 10-25 in 11; >25 in one; and indeterminate in one. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 is common in @entity0 with acute severe @entity2 and is primarily type B occurring in the presence of normal @entity1 delivery.

title: Mechanism of @entity6 in @entity0 with acute severe XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity7 and @entity6 are common in adults with acute severe @entity2 however only a few cases have been reported in @entity0 . Type A @entity6 is associated with impaired @entity1 delivery; type B occurs in the presence of normal @entity1 delivery and has been described to occur with excessive adrenergic stimulation. Type A and B @entity6 can be distinguished by the blood @entity3 / @entity4 ratio. Our objectives are to 1) investigate the incidence of @entity7 and @entity6 in @entity0 with acute severe @entity2 , and 2) determine whether @entity3 elevation is type A or B. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: University-affiliated tertiary care @entity0 's hospital. @entity0 : All @entity0 (n = 105) with acute severe @entity2 admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit between @entity5 , 2008 and November 30, 2009 were included. INTERVENTIONS: Blood @entity3 concentration was measured on a blood gas analyzer for all blood gas assessments obtained for clinical care. @entity7 was defined as @entity3 >2.2 mmol/L and @entity6 as @entity3 >5 mmol/L and pH <7.35. If @entity3 concentration was >5 mmol/L, consent was requested for measuring blood @entity3 and @entity4 using enzymatic laboratory methods. @entity3 / @entity4 ratio >25:1 indicated type A @entity6 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Eighty-seven (83%) @entity0 had @entity3 >2.2 mmol/L and 47 (45%) had @entity3 >5 mmol/L. Of those with @entity3 >5 mmol/L, 33 (70%) had corresponding blood pH <7.35. @entity3 / @entity4 ratios were obtained for 16 @entity0 . Of these, @entity3 / @entity4 ratio was <10 in three @entity0 ; 10-25 in 11; >25 in one; and indeterminate in one. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 is common in @entity0 with acute severe @entity2 and is primarily type B occurring in the presence of normal @entity1 delivery.

title: Mechanism of XXXX in @entity0 with acute severe @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity7 and @entity6 are common in adults with acute severe @entity2 however only a few cases have been reported in @entity0 . Type A @entity6 is associated with impaired @entity1 delivery; type B occurs in the presence of normal @entity1 delivery and has been described to occur with excessive adrenergic stimulation. Type A and B @entity6 can be distinguished by the blood @entity3 / @entity4 ratio. Our objectives are to 1) investigate the incidence of @entity7 and @entity6 in @entity0 with acute severe @entity2 , and 2) determine whether @entity3 elevation is type A or B. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: University-affiliated tertiary care @entity0 's hospital. @entity0 : All @entity0 (n = 105) with acute severe @entity2 admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit between @entity5 , 2008 and November 30, 2009 were included. INTERVENTIONS: Blood @entity3 concentration was measured on a blood gas analyzer for all blood gas assessments obtained for clinical care. @entity7 was defined as @entity3 >2.2 mmol/L and @entity6 as @entity3 >5 mmol/L and pH <7.35. If @entity3 concentration was >5 mmol/L, consent was requested for measuring blood @entity3 and @entity4 using enzymatic laboratory methods. @entity3 / @entity4 ratio >25:1 indicated type A @entity6 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Eighty-seven (83%) @entity0 had @entity3 >2.2 mmol/L and 47 (45%) had @entity3 >5 mmol/L. Of those with @entity3 >5 mmol/L, 33 (70%) had corresponding blood pH <7.35. @entity3 / @entity4 ratios were obtained for 16 @entity0 . Of these, @entity3 / @entity4 ratio was <10 in three @entity0 ; 10-25 in 11; >25 in one; and indeterminate in one. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 is common in @entity0 with acute severe @entity2 and is primarily type B occurring in the presence of normal @entity1 delivery.

title: Mechanism of @entity6 in XXXX with acute severe @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Between 1984 and 2000 in the Thoracic Surgery Centre pneumonectomies were performed in 947 @entity0 . @entity3 ( @entity3 ) occurred in 67 (7%) @entity0 . The aim of this paper were: analysis the reasons of postpneumonectomy @entity3 appearance, defined bacterial flora, clinical course and optimal management. The causes of @entity3 were: pleural cavity haematoma (20 @entity0 -29.8%), wound suppuration (18 @entity0 -26.8%), @entity4 (31 @entity0 -46.2%). These complications appeared singly or together in 49 (73.1%) @entity0 . In 2 (3.0%) @entity0 a long treatment in the Intensive Care Unit because of @entity1 was the cause of @entity2 . In 3 (4.5%) cases the cause of @entity3 was associated with @entity2 during the operation. In 13(19.4%) cases the cause of @entity3 was not established. In 55 @entity0 @entity2 of pleural cavities were diagnosed in the first 8 weeks after operations. In 12 @entity0 @entity3 were established later. 12 (17.9%) @entity0 died during the analyzed 1 year period after operation. In 18 (26.9%) @entity0 @entity2 were caused by only one bacterial strain and in 49 (73.1%) by two or three bacterial strains. The different methods of treatment (thoracentesis, drainage, operation) depending on general condition of @entity0 were done.

title: [Post-pneumonectomy XXXX : causes, clinical course, management].

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 still comprises an important therapeutic problem despite the availability of effective antibiotic therapy. This disorder is characterised by 20% mortality rate. Moreover, the involvement of multi-drug resistant bacterial strains may pose a risk of a nosocomial spread to other hospitalised @entity0 . In the present study we have analysed 184 bacterial strains isolated from 63 @entity0 with @entity6 . A predominance of aerobic bacteria was detected, both Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli. Staphylococci isolated from the clinical samples were characterised by a high percentage of strains resistant to @entity2 (86.3%) and @entity5 (38.2%). The other important etiological agents were @entity1 and Gram-negative enteric rods of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Only 1 strain of anaerobic bacteria was detected. The enteric bacilli were characterised by a low percentage of isolates susceptible to most of the tested antibiotics (< 60%), with an exception of @entity3 (68%) and @entity4 (100%). These multi-drug resistant strains may spread nosocomially to other @entity0 .

title: [Etiologic factors of XXXX as a potential source of nosocomial infections].

answer: @entity6


abstract: In this study, we aimed to disclose the net effect of long-term (6-month) @entity6 treatment as compared to that of short-term (1-month) treatment in the poststenting period. A total of 278 @entity0 with successful stent implantation were involved in the study. After preloading with 300 mg of @entity6 orally (p.o.) 24 h prior to the procedure, randomly selected @entity0 were given either 75 mg p.o. for 1 month (group A) or 75 mg p.o. for 6 months (group B). The @entity0 were followed up clinically and underwent control angiography at 6 months regardless of their clinical status to delineate the coronary anatomy and assess quantitative computer-assisted (QCA) analysis. In 140 (50.4%) @entity0 (group A), 244 (50.6%) stents were used to treat 237 coronary lesions, and in 138 @entity0 (group B), 238 (49.4%) stents were used to treat 238 coronary lesions. There was no difference between the groups with respect to any of the clinical characteristics, intracoronary thrombus, antiaggregant therapy, the type of lesion, vessel score index, and baseline QCA parameters. In 62 @entity0 @entity3 (ISR) was determined with no statistical difference between the groups (group A: 20.7% vs group B: 23.9%, P = not significance). There was also no difference between the two groups at 6 months regarding QCA parameters. Thirty-seven of the 62 @entity0 with @entity3 have developed major adverse coronary events such as @entity2 , @entity5 , and target vessel revascularization (group A: 12.9% vs group B: 13.8%, P = not significant). In @entity0 with @entity4 , in the poststenting period, 6-month @entity6 use as an adjunct to @entity1 has shown no benefit over 1 month use with respect to clinical outcome and angiographic outcome, such as @entity3 rate, follow-up, minimal luminal diameter, late loss, lost index, and net gain.

title: A comparison of 1-month and 6-month XXXX therapy on clinical and angiographic outcome after stent implantation.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surrogate, nonbeverage @entity3 , provide a cheap and concentrated source of @entity2 for drinking that has been associated with premature mortality. The aim of this study was to provide the first estimate of the prevalence of surrogate @entity1 consumption in a national population sample of Estonia. METHODS: The Estonian Health Interview Survey conducted in 2006 to 2007 was a nationally representative sample of the population aged 15 to 84 years (N = 6,370). The age-standardized percentage prevalences of ever having drunk surrogates were estimated. The association of age, ethnicity, and education with the prevalence of surrogate drinking was estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS: Of all respondents who reported drinking at least once in their lifetime (N = 5,423), 65% had consumed @entity1 during the previous 4 weeks. In this group (N = 3,525), the age-standardized prevalence rate of surrogate drinking was 1.4% (2.3% @entity0 , 0.3% @entity0 ). Among @entity0 , surrogate drinking was rare under the age of 35 years (0.3%). Ethnicity and education were both related to surrogate drinking: relative to Estonian @entity0 , non-Estonians (mainly Russians) had an odds ratio (OR) for surrogate drinking (adjusted for age and education) of 2.58 (95% CI 1.41, 4.72), while relative to those with higher education those with secondary education had an OR (adjusted for age and ethnicity) of 2.28 (0.78, 6.67) and those with basic education an OR of 3.91 (1.29, 11.84). CONCLUSION: Surrogate @entity3 are drunk in Estonia, particularly among @entity0 . This behavior shows pronounced variation in prevalence by ethnicity and education. Reducing consumption of these substances needs to be part of any strategy to reduce the burden of @entity1 -related problems in Estonia today.

title: Surrogate XXXX drinking in Estonia.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 event is a well-known trigger of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We propose a method to estimate the risk of @entity3 event from the inter-beat (RR) intervals based on modeled @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the Spontaneous @entity2 Database and the HAWAI Registry, which include a total of 397 RR interval recordings from 116 implantable cardioverter defibrillator @entity0 . For each RR interval time series, QT intervals were estimated from the weighted average of preceding RR intervals using Bazett, Fridericia, and linear formulas. The risk score (RS) of each cycle was calculated to quantify the probability of @entity3 event based on the timing of R-wave relative to the estimated T-end. We identified 52,440 ectopic beats (EBs) episodes, 280 nonsustained @entity2 (NSVT) episodes, and 352 sustained @entity2 / @entity4 episodes. The RS of episode onset and the prematurity index (PMI) of the initiating beat were compared. RESULTS: Using different QT-RR models, @entity3 events were respectively detected in 9% EB, 45% NSVT, 69% @entity2 / @entity4 (Bazett); in 6% EB, 41% NSVT, 65% @entity2 / @entity4 (Fridericia); and in 7% EB, 42% NSVT, 66% @entity2 / @entity4 (linear). No @entity3 event was found in normal beats. Consistent among three QT-RR models, the RS of episode onset rises sharply from EB to NSVT and to @entity2 / @entity4 episodes. In contrast, no trend in PMI is found. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of @entity3 can be estimated from RR intervals, based on modeled @entity1 . An episode onset with higher RS has increased risk of developing into NSVT or @entity2 / @entity4 .

title: Risk assessment of XXXX event based on modeled @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 event is a well-known trigger of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We propose a method to estimate the risk of @entity3 event from the inter-beat (RR) intervals based on modeled @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the Spontaneous @entity2 Database and the HAWAI Registry, which include a total of 397 RR interval recordings from 116 implantable cardioverter defibrillator @entity0 . For each RR interval time series, QT intervals were estimated from the weighted average of preceding RR intervals using Bazett, Fridericia, and linear formulas. The risk score (RS) of each cycle was calculated to quantify the probability of @entity3 event based on the timing of R-wave relative to the estimated T-end. We identified 52,440 ectopic beats (EBs) episodes, 280 nonsustained @entity2 (NSVT) episodes, and 352 sustained @entity2 / @entity4 episodes. The RS of episode onset and the prematurity index (PMI) of the initiating beat were compared. RESULTS: Using different QT-RR models, @entity3 events were respectively detected in 9% EB, 45% NSVT, 69% @entity2 / @entity4 (Bazett); in 6% EB, 41% NSVT, 65% @entity2 / @entity4 (Fridericia); and in 7% EB, 42% NSVT, 66% @entity2 / @entity4 (linear). No @entity3 event was found in normal beats. Consistent among three QT-RR models, the RS of episode onset rises sharply from EB to NSVT and to @entity2 / @entity4 episodes. In contrast, no trend in PMI is found. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of @entity3 can be estimated from RR intervals, based on modeled @entity1 . An episode onset with higher RS has increased risk of developing into NSVT or @entity2 / @entity4 .

title: Risk assessment of @entity3 event based on modeled XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of @entity1 in @entity0 in the UK warrants continuing public health attention. 'Families for Health' is a family-based group programme for the treatment of @entity1 . Significant improvements in body mass index (BMI) z-score (-0.21, 95% CI: -0.35 to -0.07, P = 0.007) and other health outcomes were seen in @entity0 at a 9-month follow-up. AIM: To undertake a 2-year follow-up of families who attended 'Families for Health' in Coventry, to assess long-term outcomes and costs. METHODS: 'Families for Health' is a 12-week programme with parallel groups for parents and @entity0 , addressing parenting skills, healthy lifestyles and emotional well-being. The intervention was delivered at a leisure centre in Coventry, England, with 27 overweight or @entity1 @entity0 aged 7-13 years (18 @entity0 , 9 @entity0 ) and their parents, from 21 families. A 'before-and-after' evaluation was completed with 19 (70%) @entity0 followed up at 2 years. The primary outcome was change in BMI z-score from baseline; secondary outcomes were @entity0 's quality of life, parent- @entity0 relationships, eating/activity habits and parents' mental health. Costs to deliver the intervention and to families were recorded. RESULTS: Mean change in BMI z-score from baseline was -0.23 (95% CI: -0.42 to -0.03, P = 0.027) at the 2-year follow-up and eight (42%) @entity0 had a clinically significant reduction in BMI z-score. Significant improvements were seen in @entity0 's quality of life and eating habits in the home, while there were sustained reductions in unhealthy foods and sedentary behaviour. Fruit and vegetable consumption and parent's mental health were not significantly different at 2 years. Costs of the programme were   517 per family (  402 per @entity0 ), equivalent to   2543 per unit reduction in BMI z-score. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in BMI z-score and certain other outcomes associated with the 'Families for Health' programme were sustained at the 2-year follow-up. 'Families for Health' is a promising new @entity1 intervention, and a randomized controlled trial is now indicated.

title: Two-year follow-up of the 'Families for Health' programme for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A retrospective study of @entity0 admitted into the @entity0 Emergency Room of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, between 1989 and 1998 was undertaken. There were 127 cases constituting 0.52% of the total paediatric admissions over the study period. Poisoning was commoner among the lower socioeconomic classes and in males than females. 102 (80.3%) of the @entity0 involved were below the age of five years and @entity1 was unintentional in 98.4%. @entity2 was the commonest agent accounting for 40.9% of all cases; followed by caustic soda (20.4%) and traditional mixtures (19.7%). Oral administration of palm oil is the commonest home remedy. Morbidity was commonest with caustic soda while traditional mixture was responsible for 80% of the mortality. Fifteen (11.9%) @entity0 died constituting 0.84% of total childhood mortality during the study period. We conclude that childhood @entity1 is still a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in @entity0 seen at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital. Improvement in the socioeconomic status of parents and health education on proper storage of household chemicals will help in reducing the incidence and mortality from @entity1 .

title: Childhood XXXX at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 are rare cystic masses that arise from the adrenal gland and which are usually non-functional and asymptomatic. @entity4 consist of a fibrous wall without an epithelial or endothelial lining. We report the case of a @entity0 with a giant adrenal pseudocyst presenting with @entity5 and high @entity2 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old Japanese @entity0 was admitted with @entity5 and a chill. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a well-defined cystic mass measuring 19 cm which was located in the right adrenal region and the contents of which were not enhanced with contrast medium. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a heterogeneously hypo-echoic lesion with a peripheral high-echoic rim. Serum hormonal levels were almost normal. Despite treatment with antibiotics, the high @entity2 persisted. Based on these findings, we made a preoperative diagnosis of a right adrenal cyst with @entity3 . However, the possibility of @entity1 still remained. The @entity0 underwent laparotomy and right adrenal cyst excision with partial hepatectomy in order to relieve the symptoms and to confirm an accurate diagnosis. Histological examination revealed an adrenal pseudocyst with @entity3 . His condition improved soon after the operation. CONCLUSION: We report a case of a giant adrenal pseudocyst with @entity3 . Surgery is required for symptomatic cases in order to relieve the symptoms and in cases of uncertain diagnosis.

title: A giant adrenal pseudocyst presenting with @entity5 and XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 are rare cystic masses that arise from the adrenal gland and which are usually non-functional and asymptomatic. @entity4 consist of a fibrous wall without an epithelial or endothelial lining. We report the case of a @entity0 with a giant adrenal pseudocyst presenting with @entity5 and high @entity2 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old Japanese @entity0 was admitted with @entity5 and a chill. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a well-defined cystic mass measuring 19 cm which was located in the right adrenal region and the contents of which were not enhanced with contrast medium. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a heterogeneously hypo-echoic lesion with a peripheral high-echoic rim. Serum hormonal levels were almost normal. Despite treatment with antibiotics, the high @entity2 persisted. Based on these findings, we made a preoperative diagnosis of a right adrenal cyst with @entity3 . However, the possibility of @entity1 still remained. The @entity0 underwent laparotomy and right adrenal cyst excision with partial hepatectomy in order to relieve the symptoms and to confirm an accurate diagnosis. Histological examination revealed an adrenal pseudocyst with @entity3 . His condition improved soon after the operation. CONCLUSION: We report a case of a giant adrenal pseudocyst with @entity3 . Surgery is required for symptomatic cases in order to relieve the symptoms and in cases of uncertain diagnosis.

title: A giant adrenal pseudocyst presenting with XXXX and @entity2 : a case report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: ETHNOPHARMAOCOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL) is a traditional Chinese formula and has been used for the treatment of @entity8 by inhalation. However, the @entity5 via inhalation is largely uninvestigated. AIM OF STUDY: To evaluate the @entity5 of SHL following in vivo intratracheal spray to @entity1 and in vitro exposures to A549 and @entity0 cells. METHODS: @entity0 and A549 cells were exposed to SHL, @entity10 , @entity9 and @entity11 solutions and in vitro @entity3 was evaluated using an @entity2 assay, whilst @entity1 were subjected to intratracheal administration of SHL solutions and in vivo @entity3 was indicated by assaying the LDH activity and total protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and observing the histopathologic changes of the lungs. Secretion of inflammatory mediators, including @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity4 , in cell culture media and BALF was quantified by ELISA. RESULTS: The MTT cell viability data revealed the presence of minor @entity3 to @entity0 or A549 cells following exposure to SHL and its major ingredients for 24h or 48 h. However, the cell cultural media showed no sign of inflammatory responses. The in vivo results showed that exposures to SHL at doses of up to 50mg/kg did not significantly increase the total protein content, the LDH activity and the concentrations of @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity4 in BALF. However, although intratracheal sprayed SHL at doses of up to 6 mg/kg for histopathologic study and up to 25mg/kg for cell counts showed no sign of adverse effects, inhaled SHL at elevated doses appeared to induce alveolar fusion in the lung and significant increases in the cell number of monocytes and granulocytes in the BALF. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that the pulmonary safety of inhaled SHL was dependent on the administered dose. Inhalation therapy of SHL may be safely used when the inhaled dose was properly controlled.

title: Evaluating XXXX of Shuang-Huang-Lian in vitro and in vivo.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a progressive @entity3 characterized by an irreversible @entity2 and @entity7 associated with @entity9 . @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a prodromal stage of @entity4 and is associated with @entity8 and a high risk of developing @entity4 . @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is an acute phase protein. Our previous studies have shown that exposure to inflammatory stimuli resulted in elevated @entity10 levels in brain microglia and astrocytes implicating @entity10 in @entity5 . Therefore, we hypothesize that there may be a significant change in the plasma @entity10 levels in @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 when compared to healthy control subjects. METHODS: Forty-one @entity0 with @entity2 , 62 @entity0 with @entity4 and 38 healthy elderly control subjects were recruited for this study. They were given a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests including a mini-mental status examination (MMSE) and clinical @entity6 rating (CDR). A variety of clinical information was collected from the semi-structured questionnaire administered. The @entity10 levels were measured using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the plasma, which had been collected early in the morning after overnight fasting. RESULTS: The @entity10 levels were significantly higher in @entity2 @entity0 compared to the healthy control subjects and @entity4 @entity0 [control vs. @entity2 (p=0.005); @entity2 vs. @entity4 (p=0.009)]. There was a significant negative correlation between the @entity10 levels and CDR scores (r=-0.245, p=0.014), and there was a positive correlation between the @entity10 levels and MMSE scores (r=0.317, p=0.001) among all of the @entity2 and @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 represents a prodromal stage of @entity4 , and @entity1 occurs as one of the earliest pathological events in @entity4 . Thus, increased plasma @entity10 levels during @entity2 could be helpful in predicting the progression from @entity2 to @entity4 .

title: Increased plasma levels of XXXX in mild @entity2 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a progressive @entity3 characterized by an irreversible @entity2 and @entity7 associated with @entity9 . @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a prodromal stage of @entity4 and is associated with @entity8 and a high risk of developing @entity4 . @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is an acute phase protein. Our previous studies have shown that exposure to inflammatory stimuli resulted in elevated @entity10 levels in brain microglia and astrocytes implicating @entity10 in @entity5 . Therefore, we hypothesize that there may be a significant change in the plasma @entity10 levels in @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 when compared to healthy control subjects. METHODS: Forty-one @entity0 with @entity2 , 62 @entity0 with @entity4 and 38 healthy elderly control subjects were recruited for this study. They were given a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests including a mini-mental status examination (MMSE) and clinical @entity6 rating (CDR). A variety of clinical information was collected from the semi-structured questionnaire administered. The @entity10 levels were measured using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the plasma, which had been collected early in the morning after overnight fasting. RESULTS: The @entity10 levels were significantly higher in @entity2 @entity0 compared to the healthy control subjects and @entity4 @entity0 [control vs. @entity2 (p=0.005); @entity2 vs. @entity4 (p=0.009)]. There was a significant negative correlation between the @entity10 levels and CDR scores (r=-0.245, p=0.014), and there was a positive correlation between the @entity10 levels and MMSE scores (r=0.317, p=0.001) among all of the @entity2 and @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 represents a prodromal stage of @entity4 , and @entity1 occurs as one of the earliest pathological events in @entity4 . Thus, increased plasma @entity10 levels during @entity2 could be helpful in predicting the progression from @entity2 to @entity4 .

title: Increased plasma levels of @entity10 in mild XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A major health policy objective is to encourage and sustain informal caregiving networks for @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This goal can be reached by providing financial assistance to @entity0 facing difficulties in the accomplishment of activities of daily living, in order to encourage utilization of professional service and therefore alleviate informal caregiver burden. The main issue is to understand if and how financial assistance is correlated with the distribution between informal and professional care. We used a cross-sectional sample of 1131 French elderly @entity0 (>= 65) with mild to moderate @entity1 . Informal and professional service resource use was measured in hours per month using a validated instrument, the Resource Use in @entity2 questionnaire. Our results confirmed the utter dominance of informal care, which represented more than 80% of total care even among @entity0 receiving public financial support. However financial support receipt was associated with differences in care utilization: higher use of total non-medical care (formal and informal) and lower proportion of informal care in total non-medical care. Our results suggested the presence of a threshold effect that would influence non-medical care demand decisions. Even if on average the use of informal care in total was 13.3% lower among @entity0 receiving public financial support, informal care use represented more than 80% of total non-medical care use. Providing robust evidence of these associations is crucial to further identify the right dosage between professional service demand and informal care utilization that could be associated with a lower burden and therefore a lower probability of institutionalization.

title: Public financial support receipt and non-medical resource utilization in XXXX results from the PLASA study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate sensitivity and validity of the Danish National @entity0 Registry (NPR) including relevant International Classification of Diseases, Eighth Revision (ICD-8) and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes and explore potential benefits of combining diagnosis and department codes in composite search strategies. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The study period was 1985-2004. Medical records of @entity0 identified with one or more of seven ICD-8 or ICD-10 codes from a number of registries were reviewed to confirm or reject the @entity1 diagnosis. NPR sensitivity was evaluated in North Jutland County through comparison with hospital registries, the county registry, and the Danish Cancer Registry. Codes and search strategies were studied using NPR data from Denmark (population 5.2 million). RESULTS: In the North Jutland County study, the NPR identified 95% of new @entity0 with histologically verified or probable @entity1 . In the code and search strategy studies, the NPR search identified 684 @entity0 . Records were retrieved in 607 (89%), of whom 185 (30%) had verified or probable @entity1 . Searches combining "best code" and "highly specialized department" or "neurosurgery procedure" registrations improved validity considerably, whereas reducing sensitivity only modestly. CONCLUSION: The NPR identified 95% of new @entity1 @entity0 , but only 30% of cases were correct. Validity was improved by applying a modified composite search strategy.

title: Use of combined search criteria improved validity of rare disease ( XXXX ) diagnosis in a national registry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Early repair of @entity4 when cortical neural input cannot be provided by the facial nerve nucleus, is generally accomplished anastomozing the extracranial stump of the facial nerve to a motor donor nerve. That is generally the hypoglossus, which carries a variable degree of morbidity. The present work aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the masseteric nerve as donor for early facial reanimation, with the advantage that harvesting is associated with negligible morbidity. METHODS: Between October 2007 and August 2009, 7 @entity0 (2 males, 5 @entity0 ) with unilateral @entity4 underwent a @entity6 with an interpositional nerve graft of the great auricular nerve. The interval between the onset of @entity2 and surgery ranged from 8 to 48 months (mean 19.2 months). All @entity0 included in the study had signs of facial mimetic muscle fibrillations on electromyography. The degree of preoperative @entity3 was grade VI following the House-Brackmann scale for all @entity0 . RESULTS: At the time of the study, all the @entity0 with a minimum follow-up time of 12 months after the onset of mimetic function had recovered facial animation. Facial muscles showed signs of recovery within 2-9 months, mean 4.8 months, with the restoration of facial symmetry at rest. @entity1 appeared while the @entity0 activated their chewing musculature. Morbidity related to this intervention is only the loss of sensitivity of earlobe and preauricular region. CONCLUSION: The present technique seems to be a valid alternative to classical @entity5 because of similar @entity3 and lower morbidity.

title: XXXX for early facial reanimation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 ploidy was shown to play a role in genomic instability of @entity1 cells and prognosis. The implication of the centrosome in the cell cycle was also described. Therefore, new prognostic factors could be suggested for a better-tailored therapy. The purpose of this study is to search for correlation between centrosomal abnormality and @entity6 ploidy in @entity0 . Cell prints were prepared from cell culture of mesothelial ascitis, fibroblast cell line MRC5 and @entity0 cell lines MCF7 and T47D. Fresh cell prints were also obtained from cases with @entity2 . The centrosome was labelled by an indirect immunofluorescence assay using anti-y-tubulin antibody and F(ab')(2) @entity5 before quantification with fluorescence microscopy. @entity6 ploidy was scored with DNA index obtained by means of flux cytometry. The normal mesothelial cells (94% of cells with only one centrosome) and the diploid cell line MRC5 (68% of cells with two centrosomes) were used as controls. DNA ploidy was found to be correlated with centrosomal abnormality in MCF7 cell line (64% of cells had more than three centrosomes) but not in the 10 cases of @entity3 analysed in this study. The absence of correlation between DNA ploidy and centrosomal abnormality in @entity0 samples may be due to the small numbers of cases, the cell prints or tumorigenesis. Correlation analysis of a larger number of cases and types of @entity4 of the centrosome are ongoing.

title: [Are centrosomal abnormalities correlated to DNA ploidy in XXXX ?].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct operations merit special consideration in cirrhotic @entity0 . During the past 15 years at Strong Memorial Hospital, 33 cirrhotic @entity0 have undergone cholecystectomy or an operation for bile duct obstruction. Of the 21 @entity0 with @entity1 subjected to cholecystectomy for @entity5 and @entity7 , nine had uncomplicated courses. Included in this group was one @entity0 in whom the intrahepatic portion of the gallbladder was deliberately not resected. The other 12 @entity0 (57%) had @entity4 and required transfusion of three or more units of blood. One @entity0 required additional exploratory surgery and antifibrinolytic therapy to control @entity3 . In an additional group, only one of seven @entity0 whose gallbladder was removed during a portal decompressive procedure bled excessively from the liver bed. A third group of five @entity0 , including four with @entity6 who underwent operations on the bile duct for obstruction, had massive @entity4 (greater than 5 U). Four of the five exsanguinated, and the remaining @entity0 died of @entity2 . A more conservative approach toward elective cholecystectomy in the cirrhotic @entity0 is indicated. If an operation is performed, increased @entity3 should be anticipated; extensive intrahepatic dissection should be avoided. Intraoperative infusion of @entity8 and an antifibrinolytic agent should be considered.

title: Biliary tract surgery and XXXX : a critical combination.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. The highest blood concentrations of @entity1 bodies were found at 5 days of age, after which time the concentration fell to reach the adult value by 30 days of age. 2. Both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic @entity0 synthase activities were detected, with highest activities being found in the mitochondria at all stages of development. Activity of the mitochondrial enzyme increases rapidly immediately after birth, showing a maximum at 15 days of age, thereafter falling to adult values. The cytoplasmic enzyme, on the other hand, increased steadily in activity after birth to reach a maximum at 40 days of age, after which time activity fell to adult values. 3. Both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic @entity3 thiolase activities were detected, with the mitochondrial enzyme having considerably higher activities at all stages of development. The developmental patterns for both enzymes were very similar to those for the corresponding @entity0 synthases. 4. The activity of heart @entity3 transferase remains constant from late foetal life until the end of the suckling period, after which time there is a gradual threefold increase in activity to reach the adult values. The activity of brain @entity4 @entity2 -transferase increases steadily after birth, reaching a maximum at 30 days of age, thereafter decreasing to adult values, which are similar to foetal activities. Although at all stages of development the specific activity of the heart enzyme is higher than that of brain, the total enzymic capacity of the brain is higher than that of the heart during the suckling period.

title: The course of ketosis and the activity of key enzymes of ketogenesis and XXXX -body utilization during development of the postnatal rat.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the feasibility of spinal canal decompression through the posterior transpedicular approach in @entity0 with thoracolumbar burst @entity2 . METHODS: We present 25 consecutive @entity0 (19 @entity0 and 6 @entity0 ; mean age 36 years; age range, 24-48 years) with incomplete @entity1 (ASIA B and C) resulting from thoracolumbar burst @entity2 treated by posterior transpedicular spinal canal decompression and @entity5 . Canal compromise at presentation was 51.7 +/- 11.2%. RESULTS: The mean surgical time was 122 minutes (range, 108-122 minutes), and the mean @entity3 was 528 +/- 123 ml. Canal compromise improved to 15.3 +/- 7.8%. At a mean followup of 14 months (range, 6-18 months), fourteen @entity0 improved to ASIA D and were able to walk with an orthosis; seven improved to ASIA C, and four had no improvement (ASIA B). Seven ASIA B and all ASIA C @entity0 had immediate postoperative neurological improvement to ASIA C and ASIA D; two ASIA B @entity0 improved to ASIA C within six weeks after the operation. Anterior decompression was necessary in two (8%) ASIA B @entity0 who did not improve after the initial operation; these @entity0 , subsequently improved to ASIA C. There were no intraoperative complications. @entity6 occurred in two @entity0 and were treated with wound care and antibiotics; @entity4 occurred in one @entity0 and was treated with debridement and antibiotics. CONCLUSION: Posterior transpedicular spinal canal decompression and instrumentation is a reasonable alternative technique to anterior decompression procedures and circumferential fusion, providing for satisfactory canal decompression and neurological improvement.

title: Posterior transpedicular decompression for thoracolumbar burst XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effects of executive load on working memory performance during @entity1 after morning or afternoon naps were assessed using a mixed design with nap/wake as a between-subjects factor and morning/afternoon condition as a within-subject factor. Thirty-two healthy adults (mean 22.5    3.0 years) attended two laboratory sessions after a night of restricted sleep (6 hrs), and at first visit, were randomly assigned to the Nap or Wake group. Working memory (n-back) and subjective workload were assessed approximately 5 and 25 minutes after 90-minute morning and afternoon nap opportunities and at the corresponding times in the @entity2 . Actigraphically assessed nocturnal sleep duration, @entity1 , and psychomotor vigilance performance before daytime assessments did not vary across conditions. Afternoon naps showed shorter EEG assessed sleep latencies, longer sleep duration, and more Slow Wave Sleep than morning naps. Working memory performance deteriorated, and subjective mental workload increased at higher executive loadings. After afternoon naps, @entity0 performed less well on more executive-function intensive working memory tasks (i.e., 3-back), but waking and napping @entity0 performed equally well on simpler tasks. After some 30 minutes of cognitive activity, there were no longer performance differences between the waking and napping groups. Subjective Task Difficulty and Mental Effort requirements were less affected by @entity1 and dissociated from objective measures when @entity0 had napped in the afternoon. We conclude that executive functions take longer to return to asymptotic performance after sleep than does performance of simpler tasks which are less reliant on executive functions.

title: Effects of XXXX after daytime naps vary with executive load and time of day.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effect of anti-rat-liver rabbit immune serum was studied on liver blood flow and on the reaction to vasoactive substances of the hepatic blood vessels. Male @entity0 weighing 250 to 300 g were anaesthetized with @entity4 . The femoral artery, the femoral vein and the portal vein were cannulated. Blood pressure was continuously registered in the femoral artery. A thin thermoelement was placed into the liver and in one of experimental groups into the kidney as well, in order to measure the local blood flow. On a single intravenous administration of immune serum, systemic blood pressure, and the local blood flow of the liver and kidney decreased significantly. The decrease was more marked in the kidney than in the liver. The circulatory response so obtained was general and it was not localized to the liver. Arterial blood pressure was unchanged after intravenous pretreatment with 0.5 ml/100 g of immune serum daily for 3 days, but the portal blood pressure decreased. The hepatic local vasoconstriction induced by @entity2 administered into the portal vein was less important than in the control group. The hepatic local circulatory response to @entity1 and @entity3 administered into the portal vein was similar in normal and immune serum treated animals. Although immune serum pretreatment caused histological changes in the hepatic blood vessels and reduced portal pressure, it did not affect the adrenergic regulation of hepatic local blood flow, but decreased the sensitivity to vasopressin.

title: Effect of anti-rat-liver rabbit immune serum on the local circulatory reactions of the XXXX liver.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The prevalence of @entity1 and @entity1 undertreatment in older @entity0 , along with the many potential detrimental consequences of undertreated @entity1 , pose a substantial burden to the individual, their family, and society. An accurate @entity1 assessment is the foundation for treating @entity1 ; yet, thorough @entity1 assessments and regular reassessments are too often neglected. Older adults typically present with multiple @entity1 etiologies, making it all the more imperative that a comprehensive assessment is conducted. Comprehensive assessments should include a detailed investigation of a @entity0 's @entity1 and medical history, a physical examination, and diagnostic testing, if needed. Both the impact of @entity1 and its severity should be established by questioning about the presence of @entity1 and using @entity1 assessment instruments. Tools for @entity1 assessment should be tested in older adult populations to establish reliability, validity, and sensitivity to changes from treatment. Self-report is the gold standard for assessing @entity1 ; however, in many clinical circumstances with older adults, the @entity0 's verbal report is unobtainable. Following an unsuccessful attempt at self-report from a nonverbal older adult, the potential causes of @entity1 should be explored. Direct observation can then be used to identify behaviors suggestive of @entity1 , and the @entity0 's response to an analgesic trial can be observed. A @entity1 behavior tool can also provide useful information suggesting the presence of @entity1 .

title: Pain assessment strategies in older XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Bioremediation of @entity2 ( @entity3 ) contaminated sediment was studied and degradation enhancement and improvement of bioavailability were also investigated. In @entity3 spiked sediment, the half-life of @entity3 in the control sample, representing natural attenuation, was 578 d indicating its persistence. In the stimulated sample (pH 7.5, aeration and incubated at 28  C), the half-life was significantly reduced to 11 d. Further stimulation by nutrient addition ( @entity4 , @entity1 and @entity0 ) or inoculation with @entity5 (   10(7) viable cells g(-1) of sediment) resulted in half-life reduction to 9 and 10d, respectively. In non-spiked sediment, the indigenous microorganisms were able to degrade aged @entity3 , but the extended period of contamination decreased the degradation efficiency. To improve bioavailability, addition of surfactant, adjustment of salinity and sonication were studied. The highest percentage solubilisation of @entity3 in water was obtained by adjusting salinity to 20 psu, which increased the solubility of @entity3 from 13% to 33%. Half-lives after bioavailability was improved were 5, 4 and 4d for stimulation, stimulation w/nutrient addition and stimulation w/inoculation, respectively. However, natural attenuation in the control sample was not enhanced. The results show that providing suitable conditions is important in enhancing @entity3 biodegradation, and bioavailability improvement additionally increased the rate and degraded amount of @entity3 . Unfortunately, nutrient addition and inoculation of the degrader did not enhance the degradation appreciably.

title: Bioremediation of XXXX contaminated sediment: degradation enhancement and improvement of bioavailability to promote treatment processes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Published evidence suggests that @entity6 3 kinase-b (PI3K-b) plays an important role in @entity5 and shear activation. @entity8 is a selective PI3K-b inhibitor with a good separation of anti- @entity4 efficacy and @entity3 (therapeutic index) in @entity1 . Our goal was to further evaluate potential of a PI3K-b inhibitor as an anti- @entity4 agent by determining the therapeutic index in another species and efficacy model. Reported effects of @entity8 in @entity1 were also confirmed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity8 (0.3 + 0.3, 1 + 1, 3 + 3 mg/kg + mg/kg/hr, i.v.) or vehicle was given to @entity0 starting 15 min prior to @entity7 @entity4 ( @entity4 ), tail or kidney @entity3 time (BT) procedures. RESULTS: Integrated blood flow over 30 min (%baseline mean    SEM) improved (p < 0.05) with @entity8 doses 1 + 1 (49    13.9%) and 3+3 (88    10.6%) versus 0.3 + 0.3 (10    0.8%) and vehicle (10    0.6%). Vascular patency (non-occluded/total arteries) improved (p < 0.01) with @entity8 doses of 3 + 3 (7/8), but not 0.3 + 0.3 (0/8) or 1 + 1 (4/8) versus vehicle (0/8). Tail BT (sec) increased (p < 0.05) with @entity8 doses of 3 + 3 (median 1560) and 1 + 1 (1305) versus vehicle (225). Mean renal BT (sec) increased (p < 0.05) in all @entity8 groups (3 + 3: 510 + 26; 1 + 1: 478 + 41; 0.3 + 0.3: 246 + 37) versus vehicle (123 + 9). For comparison, a reference agent, @entity2 (30 mpk, i.p.) increased tail BT 1.9X and renal BT 2.6X. CONCLUSIONS: The novel finding of a clear impact on hemostasis by @entity8 was demonstrated by increased @entity3 in two models in mice at anti- @entity4 doses. The results suggest a narrower therapeutic index for this PI3K-b inhibitor than previously recognized, at least for this species.

title: Bleeding response induced by anti- XXXX doses of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-b inhibitor in @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Published evidence suggests that @entity6 3 kinase-b (PI3K-b) plays an important role in @entity5 and shear activation. @entity8 is a selective PI3K-b inhibitor with a good separation of anti- @entity4 efficacy and @entity3 (therapeutic index) in @entity1 . Our goal was to further evaluate potential of a PI3K-b inhibitor as an anti- @entity4 agent by determining the therapeutic index in another species and efficacy model. Reported effects of @entity8 in @entity1 were also confirmed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity8 (0.3 + 0.3, 1 + 1, 3 + 3 mg/kg + mg/kg/hr, i.v.) or vehicle was given to @entity0 starting 15 min prior to @entity7 @entity4 ( @entity4 ), tail or kidney @entity3 time (BT) procedures. RESULTS: Integrated blood flow over 30 min (%baseline mean    SEM) improved (p < 0.05) with @entity8 doses 1 + 1 (49    13.9%) and 3+3 (88    10.6%) versus 0.3 + 0.3 (10    0.8%) and vehicle (10    0.6%). Vascular patency (non-occluded/total arteries) improved (p < 0.01) with @entity8 doses of 3 + 3 (7/8), but not 0.3 + 0.3 (0/8) or 1 + 1 (4/8) versus vehicle (0/8). Tail BT (sec) increased (p < 0.05) with @entity8 doses of 3 + 3 (median 1560) and 1 + 1 (1305) versus vehicle (225). Mean renal BT (sec) increased (p < 0.05) in all @entity8 groups (3 + 3: 510 + 26; 1 + 1: 478 + 41; 0.3 + 0.3: 246 + 37) versus vehicle (123 + 9). For comparison, a reference agent, @entity2 (30 mpk, i.p.) increased tail BT 1.9X and renal BT 2.6X. CONCLUSIONS: The novel finding of a clear impact on hemostasis by @entity8 was demonstrated by increased @entity3 in two models in mice at anti- @entity4 doses. The results suggest a narrower therapeutic index for this PI3K-b inhibitor than previously recognized, at least for this species.

title: Bleeding response induced by anti- @entity4 doses of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-b inhibitor in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Focal @entity6 creates a gradual injury, ranging from severe injury in the core towards moderate @entity0 . Disruption of blood supply leads to shortage in @entity1 supply, resulting in mitochondrial disruption in the @entity2 area. The present work study the mitochondrial function and microcirculatory blood supply in the core and penumbra of the @entity2 tissue following different @entity2 durations. Focal @entity2 was obtained by @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Monitoring of the brain was conducted using a unique multi-site-multi-parametric (MSMP) monitoring system, which enables real-time, in vivo, simultaneous and continuous monitoring of mitochondrial @entity4 and CBF. Short sessions of @entity3 before @entity2 and following reperfusion were used to test the ability of the tissue to respond to such metabolic challenges. Following focal @entity2 , CBF levels decreased and @entity4 levels increased and recovered at reperfusion. These changes were more severe in the core compared to the penumbra. Longer @entity2 duration led to an increase in @entity1 demand following reperfusion and to vast disruption of blood supply, as seen during short anoxic exposures. In conclusion, the ability of mitochondrial activity and blood supply to recuperate following @entity2 , as well as the ability of the tissue to cope with metabolic challenges, varies in the core and the penumbra and depends on @entity2 duration. The MSMP monitoring system, used in the current study, can add valuable information regarding the metabolic state of the brain during focal @entity2 .

title: Real-time monitoring of spatial and temporal metabolic changes during focal XXXX in rats.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The @entity7 (LQTS) is a @entity1 characterized by a prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG and occurrence of life-threatening @entity5 especially, but not only, under conditions of increased sympathetic activity. Symptomatic untreated @entity0 are at high risk for @entity9 . Twelve LQTS genes have been identified and most of them encode cardiac ion channels. Very effective therapies are available and in carefully treated @entity0 mortality is around 0.5-1% over 20 years. The initial treatment should always involve b-blockers, with @entity11 and @entity13 being the two most effective ones. With few exceptions all mutation carriers should be treated because of the risk of @entity6 during the first @entity2 . Approximately 20% of @entity0 continue to have @entity8 despite the b-blockers and the most rationale next level of therapy is represented by Left Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation (LCSD), which is highly effective and can complement any other therapy. One important limitation of LCSD is that, without valid reasons, it is available only in a few selected centers. Whenever @entity8 recurs despite LCSD, or whenever an aborted @entity10 has occurred, it becomes logical to resort to the @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The latter, however, is burdened by a high rate (31%) of adverse events including severe ones such as @entity4 , @entity12 , and by the need of frequent battery replacements. A scoring system, based on simple clinical variables, can identify the @entity0 more and less likely to benefit from @entity3 implantation.

title: Pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of the XXXX : the rationale.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the impact of early surgery in the active phase on long-term outcomes in @entity0 with left-sided native @entity2 . METHODS: Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed in 212 consecutive @entity0 with left-sided native @entity2 from 1990 to 2009. Early surgery in the active phase (within 2 weeks after the initial diagnosis) was performed in 73 @entity0 , and the conventional treatment strategy was applied in 139 @entity0 . In the conventional treatment group, 99 @entity0 underwent late surgical intervention. To minimize selection bias, propensity score was used to match @entity0 in the early operation and conventional treatment groups. Major adverse cardiac event was defined as a composite of @entity1 , repeat surgery, and recurrence of @entity2 during follow-up. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 5.5 years. In-hospital mortality was lower in the early operation group than in the conventional treatment group (5% vs 13%, P = .08). For 57 propensity score-matched pairs, the estimated actuarial 7-year survivals free from @entity1 and major adverse cardiac events were significantly higher in the early operation group than in the conventional treatment group ( @entity1 : 94%    5% vs 82%    5%, P = .011, major adverse cardiac events: 88%    5% vs 69%    7%, P = .006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with conventional treatment, early surgery in the active phase was associated with better long-term outcomes in @entity0 with left-sided native @entity2 . Further prospective randomized studies with large study populations are necessary to evaluate more precisely the optimal timing of surgery in @entity0 with native @entity2 .

title: Impact of early surgery in the active phase on long-term outcomes in left-sided native XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Coronary angiography was performed on hospital admission in 37 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Thirty @entity0 had @entity1 of the @entity3 -related coronary artery and seven @entity0 had severe proximal stenoses with poor distal flow. In 20 of 30 @entity0 with @entity1 , intracoronary (IC) infusion of streptokinase (SK) resulted in reperfusion of the distal coronary artery. Left ventricular (LV) performance was assessed before coronary angiography and at discharge from the hospital by use of gated cardiac blood pool imaging techniques. In @entity0 evidencing reperfusion of the @entity3 -related coronary artery, mean (+/- SD) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased from admission through discharge (46% +/- 15% to 55% +/- 10%, p = 0.002). In contrast, LVEF did not change from admission through discharge in @entity0 with severe proximal stenoses alone or in @entity0 with @entity1 who did not demonstrate reperfusion following SK administration (47% +/- 17% vs 49% +/- 18%, p = ns). In an additional 14 control @entity0 with @entity2 who were not evaluated with coronary angiography, LVEF did not change from admission through discharge (46% +/- 12% vs 48% +/- 14%, p = ns). Quantitative @entity4 -201 perfusion imaging demonstrated an increase (p less than 0.05) in @entity4 uptake in the @entity3 segment following coronary artery reperfusion. In contrast, @entity4 uptake did not change (p = ns) in the @entity3 segment in @entity0 not evidencing angiographic coronary artery reperfusion. These data support the following : (1) Coronary artery thrombus occurs frequently in @entity2 and can be lysed by IC SK, and (2) reperfusion with IC SK in @entity0 with evolving @entity2 results in myocardial salvage and improved LV performance through hospital discharge.

title: Coronary artery reperfusion in XXXX : beneficial effects of intracoronary streptokinase on left ventricular salvage and performance.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Sperm DNA damage is thought to be increased in @entity0 with @entity3 . Previous studies suggest a correlation between sperm DNA fragmentation and @entity2 . The @entity1 ( @entity1 ) test was modified to produce the Halosperm Kit. The @entity1 -fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) test allows the simultaneous detection of DNA fragmentation and @entity2 on the same sperm cell. The objectives of this study were to validate the @entity1 , @entity1 -FISH and Halosperm tests for the analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation and compare them to the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). Semen samples from 20 males undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection were processed using FISH, @entity1 -FISH, @entity1 and Halosperm, and compared with SCSA results. There was a significant difference between FISH and @entity1 -FISH results in the detection of @entity2 (P=0.000) and the level of sperm DNA fragmentation in the samples subjected to SCSA and @entity1 (P=0.001) or SCSA and @entity1 -FISH (P=0.001). There was no significant correlation between DNA fragmentation and @entity2 . If sperm @entity2 is to be determined, more reliable results will be obtained if FISH is performed rather than @entity1 -FISH. A lack of validation and unknown clinical significance question the value of DNA fragmentation assays. DNA damage in the male germ line may result in adverse clinical outcomes and the pathophysiology and clinical consequences of sperm DNA damage are being actively researched. Many DNA fragmentation assays such as the Halosperm Kit have been developed recently and are now available at a commercial level. Unfortunately, aimed at vulnerable couples with difficulty conceiving, many of these tests have not been clinically validated. Despite its plausible appeal and fervour of its supporters, the benefits of widespread DNA testing that only achieves the distressing of couples with the knowledge that effectual therapeutic strategies are absent are questionable. Commercially, however, it is no doubt lucrative. Analysis of gametes prior to the initiation of an IVF cycle may improve the quality of embryos transferred. The clinical and scientific community considers it a matter of urgency to translate the basic science behind how a cell prepares for fertilization into routine clinical practice. However, it is equally important, if not more, to allow the science behind such applications to draw level with its practice before its widespread implementation.

title: Sperm chromatin dispersion test in the assessment of DNA fragmentation and XXXX in @entity0 spermatozoa.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Sperm DNA damage is thought to be increased in @entity0 with @entity3 . Previous studies suggest a correlation between sperm DNA fragmentation and @entity2 . The @entity1 ( @entity1 ) test was modified to produce the Halosperm Kit. The @entity1 -fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) test allows the simultaneous detection of DNA fragmentation and @entity2 on the same sperm cell. The objectives of this study were to validate the @entity1 , @entity1 -FISH and Halosperm tests for the analysis of sperm DNA fragmentation and compare them to the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). Semen samples from 20 males undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection were processed using FISH, @entity1 -FISH, @entity1 and Halosperm, and compared with SCSA results. There was a significant difference between FISH and @entity1 -FISH results in the detection of @entity2 (P=0.000) and the level of sperm DNA fragmentation in the samples subjected to SCSA and @entity1 (P=0.001) or SCSA and @entity1 -FISH (P=0.001). There was no significant correlation between DNA fragmentation and @entity2 . If sperm @entity2 is to be determined, more reliable results will be obtained if FISH is performed rather than @entity1 -FISH. A lack of validation and unknown clinical significance question the value of DNA fragmentation assays. DNA damage in the male germ line may result in adverse clinical outcomes and the pathophysiology and clinical consequences of sperm DNA damage are being actively researched. Many DNA fragmentation assays such as the Halosperm Kit have been developed recently and are now available at a commercial level. Unfortunately, aimed at vulnerable couples with difficulty conceiving, many of these tests have not been clinically validated. Despite its plausible appeal and fervour of its supporters, the benefits of widespread DNA testing that only achieves the distressing of couples with the knowledge that effectual therapeutic strategies are absent are questionable. Commercially, however, it is no doubt lucrative. Analysis of gametes prior to the initiation of an IVF cycle may improve the quality of embryos transferred. The clinical and scientific community considers it a matter of urgency to translate the basic science behind how a cell prepares for fertilization into routine clinical practice. However, it is equally important, if not more, to allow the science behind such applications to draw level with its practice before its widespread implementation.

title: Sperm chromatin dispersion test in the assessment of DNA fragmentation and @entity2 in XXXX spermatozoa.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Information on reproductive history, gynecologic operations, and examinations was analyzed for 338 @entity5 ( @entity6 )-exposed and 298 unexposed @entity0 whose mothers participated in an evaluation of @entity6 use in pregnancy 28 years ago. A history of infrequent menses (less often than every 36 days) was reported more commonly by the exposed @entity0 (32%) than by the unexposed @entity0 (15%) and the mean duration of menstrual flow was also less. A greater number of exposed @entity0 than unexposed @entity0 experienced @entity2 (53 versus 19). The reasons for these differences are not currently known. Comparison of the outcomes of first pregnancies showed a higher proportion of premature births, @entity3 , and @entity7 in the exposed @entity0 (P less than 0.001). The difference in the occurrence of @entity7 was statistically significant (8 versus 0; P less than 0.005). An adverse pregnancy outcome was more likely in @entity6 -exposed @entity0 with cervicovaginal ridges. However, when the outcome of all pregnancies were considered, 81% of the exposed @entity0 had at least one living @entity0 . More exposed @entity0 than unexposed @entity0 had gynecologic surgical procedures, which may, in part, be due to the increased medical surveillance of the exposed group. The spectrum of diseases at operation in both groups was similar. @entity4 and @entity4 were more commonly reported among the exposed @entity0 while the occurrence of @entity1 in both groups was similar. For the exposed @entity0 who had been examined at the Chicago Lying-In Hospital over a 4-year period, epithelial changes in the vagina had disappeared in 32% and cervicovaginal ridges had disappeared in 57%.

title: Reproductive and gynecologic surgical experience in XXXX -exposed daughters.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The @entity0 nucleus accumbens (NA) plays an important role in motivation and emotional processes and is involved in some of the most disabling @entity1 such as @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The purpose of our study was to check out the potential existence of a statistically significant difference in NA size between parkinsonian and non-parkinsonian individuals, through studying brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs). METHODS: For our study we used 52 NAs from 26 cerebral MRIs from neurosurgical @entity0 . Of these MRIs, 15 were preoperative from @entity0 with advanced @entity2 who underwent bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. The group of @entity2 came from the rest 11 individuals. We measured the absolute and relative NA maximum transverse diameter (D (max)), and absolute and relative NA width at a specific transverse plane. RESULTS: We found a statistically significant difference of the mean value of the D (max) (absolute and relative) between the two groups. The mean percentage reduction of the NA size was 11.77% represented by the relative D (max). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report of @entity3 -related shrinkage of the @entity0 NA. Further research is needed to identify whether a respective shrinkage is also observed in @entity0 with early @entity2 and whether this atrophy is correlated with @entity1 (perhaps mediated by a malfunctioning NA) that occur in @entity2 .

title: The @entity0 nucleus accumbens suffers XXXX -related shrinkage: a novel finding.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The @entity0 nucleus accumbens (NA) plays an important role in motivation and emotional processes and is involved in some of the most disabling @entity1 such as @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The purpose of our study was to check out the potential existence of a statistically significant difference in NA size between parkinsonian and non-parkinsonian individuals, through studying brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs). METHODS: For our study we used 52 NAs from 26 cerebral MRIs from neurosurgical @entity0 . Of these MRIs, 15 were preoperative from @entity0 with advanced @entity2 who underwent bilateral deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus. The group of @entity2 came from the rest 11 individuals. We measured the absolute and relative NA maximum transverse diameter (D (max)), and absolute and relative NA width at a specific transverse plane. RESULTS: We found a statistically significant difference of the mean value of the D (max) (absolute and relative) between the two groups. The mean percentage reduction of the NA size was 11.77% represented by the relative D (max). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first report of @entity3 -related shrinkage of the @entity0 NA. Further research is needed to identify whether a respective shrinkage is also observed in @entity0 with early @entity2 and whether this atrophy is correlated with @entity1 (perhaps mediated by a malfunctioning NA) that occur in @entity2 .

title: The XXXX nucleus accumbens suffers @entity3 -related shrinkage: a novel finding.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To explore the relationship between @entity3 and genital sensory functioning in females with @entity2 . METHODS: A retrospective consecutive chart review was conducted for all @entity0 who were referred to our tertiary female urology clinic with a primary complaint of @entity2 between October 1999 and January 2009. Our study sample included 177 @entity0 , all of whom underwent a thorough clinical evaluation. Urinary incontinence was diagnosed based on clinical history and physical examination by a urogynecologist. The Genital Thermal and Vibratory Sensory Analyzer (GSA) was used for sensory testing in the genital area. Independent t-test and multivariate linear regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of the 177 study @entity0 (median age 34, range 18-68), 63 (36%) had @entity3 . @entity0 with @entity3 were found to be less sensitive to warm, cold, and vibratory thresholds at both the anterior and the posterior vaginal wall and the clitoral area (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity2 are less sensitive to all sensory testing in the genital region than @entity0 with @entity2 alone. This relationship may be attributable to afferent @entity1 and the critical role it may play in the etiology of @entity3 .

title: Is there an association between female XXXX and decreased genital sensation?

answer: @entity3


abstract: Thirteen @entity0 aquaporin (AQPs) isoforms with a unique tissue-specific pattern of expression have been identified. To date, 11 isoforms of AQP have been reported to be expressed in female and male reproductive systems. The purpose of our study was to determine the localization and quantitative changes in the expression of @entity2 , 5 and 9 within the @entity1 oviduct during different stages of the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. The results demonstrated that @entity2 , 5, and 9 were clearly detected in all studied stages of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. @entity2 was localized within oviductal blood vessels. In cyclic gilts, the expression of @entity2 protein did not change significantly between days 10-12 and 14-16 but increased on days 2-4 and 18-20. @entity3 was localized in smooth muscle cells and oviductal epithelial cells. The expression of @entity3 protein did not change significantly between days 10-12 and 14-16 of the estrous cycle but increased on days 2-4 and 18-20. The anti- @entity4 antibody labeled epithelial cells of the oviduct. The expression of @entity4 did not change significantly between days 10-12 and 14-16 of the estrous cycle but increased on days 2-4 and 18-20. In pregnant gilts, expression of @entity2 , 5, and 9 did not change significantly in comparison with the estrous cycle. Therefore, a functional and distinctive collaboration seems to exist among diverse AQPs in water handling during the different oviductal phases in the estrous cycle and early pregnancy.

title: Fluctuation of aquaporin 1, 5, and 9 expression in the XXXX oviduct during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To improve the outcome of @entity0 with @entity1 , a more accurate prognostic assessment is essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of @entity1 DNA ploidy as an independent prognostic factor in @entity3 . Furthermore, we investigated whether the presence of @entity2 may have a different clinical impact according to ploidy status. METHODS: In a long-term prospective study, DNA ploidy was evaluated by flow cytometry from fresh @entity1 samples from 136 @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent surgery. Ploidy, @entity2 , and other classical parameters were analyzed in relation to the length of disease-specific survival. Treatment modalities did not differ between @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity0 with @entity1 . RESULTS: DNA aneuploidy was found in 52 @entity0 (38.2%). @entity0 with @entity1 had a significantly reduced disease-specific survival (P = 0.003). Overall, the 10-year survival probability was 54% for @entity0 with @entity1 and 80% for @entity0 with DNA- @entity1 . Among 64 @entity0 with International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians stage I disease, the 10-year survival rates were 38.7% for the @entity0 with @entity1 and 86.3% for those with DNA- @entity1 (P = 0.003). Overall, @entity1 with @entity2 did significantly better than @entity1 with @entity2 (P = 0.05). Among the @entity0 with International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians stage I disease, there was a highly significant difference between @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity0 with @entity1 , with no deaths from the disease in the former group in contrast with the worst outcome in the latter group (P = 0.005). By multivariate analysis, pathologic @entity1 stage, lymph vascular invasion, and @entity1 ploidy were significant and independent parameters, whereas @entity2 yielded no independent information. CONCLUSIONS: DNA ploidy was an independent prognostic factor in @entity3 . Presence of @entity2 may not always have the same impact on survival but may vary according to DNA ploidy of the @entity1 .

title: DNA ploidy is stronger than XXXX as prognostic factor in @entity3 : 10-year results of a prospective study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To improve the outcome of @entity0 with @entity1 , a more accurate prognostic assessment is essential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of @entity1 DNA ploidy as an independent prognostic factor in @entity3 . Furthermore, we investigated whether the presence of @entity2 may have a different clinical impact according to ploidy status. METHODS: In a long-term prospective study, DNA ploidy was evaluated by flow cytometry from fresh @entity1 samples from 136 @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent surgery. Ploidy, @entity2 , and other classical parameters were analyzed in relation to the length of disease-specific survival. Treatment modalities did not differ between @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity0 with @entity1 . RESULTS: DNA aneuploidy was found in 52 @entity0 (38.2%). @entity0 with @entity1 had a significantly reduced disease-specific survival (P = 0.003). Overall, the 10-year survival probability was 54% for @entity0 with @entity1 and 80% for @entity0 with DNA- @entity1 . Among 64 @entity0 with International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians stage I disease, the 10-year survival rates were 38.7% for the @entity0 with @entity1 and 86.3% for those with DNA- @entity1 (P = 0.003). Overall, @entity1 with @entity2 did significantly better than @entity1 with @entity2 (P = 0.05). Among the @entity0 with International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians stage I disease, there was a highly significant difference between @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity0 with @entity1 , with no deaths from the disease in the former group in contrast with the worst outcome in the latter group (P = 0.005). By multivariate analysis, pathologic @entity1 stage, lymph vascular invasion, and @entity1 ploidy were significant and independent parameters, whereas @entity2 yielded no independent information. CONCLUSIONS: DNA ploidy was an independent prognostic factor in @entity3 . Presence of @entity2 may not always have the same impact on survival but may vary according to DNA ploidy of the @entity1 .

title: DNA ploidy is stronger than @entity2 as prognostic factor in XXXX : 10-year results of a prospective study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Uterine @entity3 (UPSCs/CCs) show a different spreading from that of poorly differentiated @entity4 (PDECs) and are usually thought to be prognostically more @entity2 than PDECs. On the contrary, it has been recently claimed that UPSC/CC and PDEC have a similar prognosis. In this retrospective study on 2 institutional databases, the surgical-pathological data and survival have been compared in @entity0 with UPSC/CC and PDEC. METHODS: A total of 139 surgically staged consecutive @entity0 , 63 with UPSC/CC (37 UPSC; 26 CC) and 76 with PDEC clinically limited to the uterine corpus, have been compared for nuclear ploidy, @entity1 , (occult) cervical extension, peritoneal, and lymph node @entity1 . Prognostic factors have been correlated through multivariate analysis with survival (disease-specific [DSS] and disease-free [DFS]). RESULTS: Peritoneal metastases and aneuploidy were found to be the only parameters significantly different in the 2 groups: peritoneal metastases 28.6% in UPSC/CC (extrapelvic 19%) and 7.9% in PDEC (extrapelvic 2.6%) (P = 0.001), aneuploidy 48.6% in UPSC/CC and 30.6% in PDEC (P = 0.05). Five-year DSS was 57.9% versus 75.2% (P = 0.02), and DFS was 52.3% versus 71.4% (P = 0.04) for UPSC/CC and PDEC, respectively. All but cervical and lymph node involvement were significant predictors of survival. After multivariate analysis, histotype (DSS: hazard ratio [HR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-3.86; P = 0.04; DFS: HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.04-3.63; P = 0.04), stage (DSS: HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.10-4.65; P = 0.03; DFS: HR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.12-4.38; P = 0.02), and @entity1 (DSS: HR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.22-6.69; P = 0.01; DFS: HR, 3.96; 95% CI, 1.63-9.62; P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for survival. CONCLUSIONS: Uterine @entity3 spread to abdominal peritoneum more frequently than PDEC; multivariate analysis confirms UPSC/CC as an independent, unfavorable predictor of outcome.

title: Uterine papillary serous, clear cell, and poorly differentiated XXXX : a comparative study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody to @entity6 , was recently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe @entity1 . Two @entity0 during clinical development met laboratory, but not clinical, criteria for Hy's law with @entity3 elevations suspected as a result of genetic variation in @entity7 glucuronosyltransferase ( @entity4 ) typical of @entity5 . METHODS: Genotyping of the two cases potentially meeting with Hy's law was performed using commercially available procedures. @entity4 single nucleotide polymorphism data were extracted from a genome-wide array database for 1187 @entity0 from tocilizumab trials, and associations of @entity4 genotypes with @entity3 elevations were analyzed using logistic regression for associations with baseline and change from baseline in @entity3 levels as continuous variables. RESULTS: @entity3 elevations were not associated with clinical adverse events. Both @entity0 potentially meeting Hy's law carry homozygous @entity4 *28 alleles and @entity4 *60 alleles. @entity4 *28 and three additional single nucleotide polymorphisms showed odds ratios greater than 25 for associations with elevated @entity3 . The presence of @entity8 accounted for 32% of the total variance in @entity3 (P=2.2 10). CONCLUSION: @entity3 increases occurring with tocilizumab appear to be related to anti-inflammatory effects extending to the liver. Thus, in the absence of other signs of @entity2 , @entity3 elevations after treatment with tocilizumab have a high probability of association with @entity4 polymorphism, which should alleviate concerns of serious hepatotoxicity. Our results underscore the value of genotyping in the clinical trial setting to avoid misinterpretations that could lead to terminating development of a promising new agent.

title: Genetic variation in @entity4 typical of XXXX is associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in @entity0 receiving tocilizumab.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody to @entity6 , was recently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe @entity1 . Two @entity0 during clinical development met laboratory, but not clinical, criteria for Hy's law with @entity3 elevations suspected as a result of genetic variation in @entity7 glucuronosyltransferase ( @entity4 ) typical of @entity5 . METHODS: Genotyping of the two cases potentially meeting with Hy's law was performed using commercially available procedures. @entity4 single nucleotide polymorphism data were extracted from a genome-wide array database for 1187 @entity0 from tocilizumab trials, and associations of @entity4 genotypes with @entity3 elevations were analyzed using logistic regression for associations with baseline and change from baseline in @entity3 levels as continuous variables. RESULTS: @entity3 elevations were not associated with clinical adverse events. Both @entity0 potentially meeting Hy's law carry homozygous @entity4 *28 alleles and @entity4 *60 alleles. @entity4 *28 and three additional single nucleotide polymorphisms showed odds ratios greater than 25 for associations with elevated @entity3 . The presence of @entity8 accounted for 32% of the total variance in @entity3 (P=2.2 10). CONCLUSION: @entity3 increases occurring with tocilizumab appear to be related to anti-inflammatory effects extending to the liver. Thus, in the absence of other signs of @entity2 , @entity3 elevations after treatment with tocilizumab have a high probability of association with @entity4 polymorphism, which should alleviate concerns of serious hepatotoxicity. Our results underscore the value of genotyping in the clinical trial setting to avoid misinterpretations that could lead to terminating development of a promising new agent.

title: Genetic variation in XXXX typical of @entity5 is associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in @entity0 receiving tocilizumab.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody to @entity6 , was recently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe @entity1 . Two @entity0 during clinical development met laboratory, but not clinical, criteria for Hy's law with @entity3 elevations suspected as a result of genetic variation in @entity7 glucuronosyltransferase ( @entity4 ) typical of @entity5 . METHODS: Genotyping of the two cases potentially meeting with Hy's law was performed using commercially available procedures. @entity4 single nucleotide polymorphism data were extracted from a genome-wide array database for 1187 @entity0 from tocilizumab trials, and associations of @entity4 genotypes with @entity3 elevations were analyzed using logistic regression for associations with baseline and change from baseline in @entity3 levels as continuous variables. RESULTS: @entity3 elevations were not associated with clinical adverse events. Both @entity0 potentially meeting Hy's law carry homozygous @entity4 *28 alleles and @entity4 *60 alleles. @entity4 *28 and three additional single nucleotide polymorphisms showed odds ratios greater than 25 for associations with elevated @entity3 . The presence of @entity8 accounted for 32% of the total variance in @entity3 (P=2.2 10). CONCLUSION: @entity3 increases occurring with tocilizumab appear to be related to anti-inflammatory effects extending to the liver. Thus, in the absence of other signs of @entity2 , @entity3 elevations after treatment with tocilizumab have a high probability of association with @entity4 polymorphism, which should alleviate concerns of serious hepatotoxicity. Our results underscore the value of genotyping in the clinical trial setting to avoid misinterpretations that could lead to terminating development of a promising new agent.

title: Genetic variation in @entity4 typical of @entity5 is associated with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in XXXX receiving tocilizumab.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. Two thousand, three hundred and twenty-eight @entity0 and 1496 @entity0 between the ages of 35 and 64 years were screened for @entity1 and their plasma @entity3 and @entity2 concentrations measured. Those on antihypertensive or diuretic treatment were excluded from further analysis. 2. After adjusting for age, body mass index and other variables, plasma @entity2 was negatively associated with both systolic and diastolic pressure in @entity0 and @entity0 . A decrease in plasma @entity2 of 1 mmol/l was associated with an increase in systolic pressure in @entity0 of 7 mmHg (P less than 0.001) and diastolic pressure of 4 mmHg (P less than 0.001). In @entity0 the corresponding increases were 4 mmHg (P less than 0.01) and 2 mmHg (P less than 0.05). 3. After adjusting for the other variables as above, plasma @entity3 was positively related to systolic blood pressure but not to diastolic pressure. An increase in plasma @entity3 of 1 mmol/l was associated with an increase in systolic pressure of 1 mmHg in both @entity0 (P less than 0.01) and @entity0 (P less than 0.05).

title: Blood pressure and plasma @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Two thousand, three hundred and twenty-eight @entity0 and 1496 @entity0 between the ages of 35 and 64 years were screened for @entity1 and their plasma @entity3 and @entity2 concentrations measured. Those on antihypertensive or diuretic treatment were excluded from further analysis. 2. After adjusting for age, body mass index and other variables, plasma @entity2 was negatively associated with both systolic and diastolic pressure in @entity0 and @entity0 . A decrease in plasma @entity2 of 1 mmol/l was associated with an increase in systolic pressure in @entity0 of 7 mmHg (P less than 0.001) and diastolic pressure of 4 mmHg (P less than 0.001). In @entity0 the corresponding increases were 4 mmHg (P less than 0.01) and 2 mmHg (P less than 0.05). 3. After adjusting for the other variables as above, plasma @entity3 was positively related to systolic blood pressure but not to diastolic pressure. An increase in plasma @entity3 of 1 mmol/l was associated with an increase in systolic pressure of 1 mmHg in both @entity0 (P less than 0.01) and @entity0 (P less than 0.05).

title: Blood pressure and plasma XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The investigation of clinical markers, i.e. substances produced and released by @entity3 , has been encouraged by the need for early diagnosis to increase the chances of successful treatment, and for biological parameters indicative of the progress of the disease itself. A study designed to appraise the usefulness of @entity3 -associated antigens in this respect in cases of @entity0 has been in operation for about 3 years at Oncological Service of the 2nd Obstetric and Gynaecological Clinic, University of Rome. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) values in 71 @entity1 in the initial stages and with @entity2 followed for 24 months are presented. @entity4 levels are related to @entity3 stage, progression, and prognosis. High values appear to be associated with diffusion of the disease: 48% in initial cases; 69% in advanced cases. @entity4 is specific for this type of @entity3 . Even so, high values give an effective expression of its progress by identifying @entity1 with a greated likelihood of recurrence. It is particularly useful as an early indication of recurrence itself. In addition, it is of assistance in monitoring the progress of treatment.

title: [ XXXX ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 . Clinical value].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The investigation of clinical markers, i.e. substances produced and released by @entity3 , has been encouraged by the need for early diagnosis to increase the chances of successful treatment, and for biological parameters indicative of the progress of the disease itself. A study designed to appraise the usefulness of @entity3 -associated antigens in this respect in cases of @entity0 has been in operation for about 3 years at Oncological Service of the 2nd Obstetric and Gynaecological Clinic, University of Rome. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) values in 71 @entity1 in the initial stages and with @entity2 followed for 24 months are presented. @entity4 levels are related to @entity3 stage, progression, and prognosis. High values appear to be associated with diffusion of the disease: 48% in initial cases; 69% in advanced cases. @entity4 is specific for this type of @entity3 . Even so, high values give an effective expression of its progress by identifying @entity1 with a greated likelihood of recurrence. It is particularly useful as an early indication of recurrence itself. In addition, it is of assistance in monitoring the progress of treatment.

title: [ @entity4 ( XXXX ) in @entity0 . Clinical value].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The investigation of clinical markers, i.e. substances produced and released by @entity3 , has been encouraged by the need for early diagnosis to increase the chances of successful treatment, and for biological parameters indicative of the progress of the disease itself. A study designed to appraise the usefulness of @entity3 -associated antigens in this respect in cases of @entity0 has been in operation for about 3 years at Oncological Service of the 2nd Obstetric and Gynaecological Clinic, University of Rome. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) values in 71 @entity1 in the initial stages and with @entity2 followed for 24 months are presented. @entity4 levels are related to @entity3 stage, progression, and prognosis. High values appear to be associated with diffusion of the disease: 48% in initial cases; 69% in advanced cases. @entity4 is specific for this type of @entity3 . Even so, high values give an effective expression of its progress by identifying @entity1 with a greated likelihood of recurrence. It is particularly useful as an early indication of recurrence itself. In addition, it is of assistance in monitoring the progress of treatment.

title: [ @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in XXXX . Clinical value].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity0 with reduced visual acuity (VA) and/or contrast sensitivity have difficulty recognizing faces and facial expressions. We have quantified these difficulties, using a synthetic face discrimination task employing both normal and artificially degraded vision. METHODS: VA and contrast thresholds were measured using an optimised staircase procedure [Freiburg acuity Test (FrACT)] in 25 young adults (aged 18-24 years) with corrected visual acuity of 0.0 logMAR or better and with four levels of vision degraded with @entity2 foils. For face discrimination, male face images were synthesised from 37 cardinal points (position of eyes, width of nose, head shape etc) derived from frontal face photographs and manipulated by altering the points as a fraction of the mean head radius. Face discrimination thresholds (% difference) were measured from a simultaneous four-alternative forced choice of 'odd one out' from three identical faces and one that differed. Psychometric functions were measured for four @entity0 with normal and degraded vision. Subsequently, the difference between faces was fixed at twice the discrimination thresholds and the size of the faces manipulated using the FrACT threshold procedure in 25 @entity0 . Data were converted to equivalent face discrimination distances for realistic face dimensions. RESULTS: With normal vision, face discrimination thresholds ranged from 2.7% to 5.6%; these increased systematically and were more variable with @entity1 . When manipulating face size, face discrimination distance was highly correlated with both acuity and contrast sensitivity (r(2) = 0.77 and 0.80 respectively, p < 0.01). The mean distance with normal vision was 15.3 m (14.5-16.2    S.E.M.). With vision degraded to 0.6 logMAR (6/24 Snellen, contrast threshold 15%) the mean face discrimination distance was reduced to 3.9 m (3.7-4.1,   S.E.M.). CONCLUSIONS: Poor face discrimination has a profound impact on real-life social communication. Here we report that artificial @entity1 also adversely impacts a synthetic face recognition task. As a rule of thumb, reduction in VA of 0.3 logMAR (halving the decimal VA) reduces the face recognition distance by a factor of 0.6 times. The FrACT-based face discrimination task provides an efficient new tool to quantify and monitor face discrimination ability.

title: The effects of XXXX on face discrimination.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity7 ) is a degradation product of @entity5 -based fluorochemicals that are used extensively in industrial and household applications. @entity0 and wildlife are exposed to this class of compounds from several sources. @entity2 tests in rodents have raised concerns about potential developmental, reproductive, and systemic effects of @entity7 . However, the effect of @entity7 on the neuroendocrine system has not been investigated thus far. In this study, adult female @entity1 were injected intraperitoneally with 0, 1, or 10 mg @entity7 /kg body weight (BW) for 2 weeks. Food and water intake, BW, and estrous cycles were monitored daily. At the end of treatment, @entity7 levels in tissues were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) interfaced with electrospray mass spectrometry. Changes in brain monoamines were measured by HPLC with electrochemical detection, and serum @entity4 and leptin were monitored using radioimmunoassay. Treatment with @entity7 produced a dose-dependent accumulation of this chemical in various body tissues, including the brain. @entity7 exposure decreased food intake and BW in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with @entity7 affected estrous cyclicity and increased serum @entity4 levels while decreasing serum leptin concentrations. @entity7 treatment also increased @entity3 concentrations in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. These results indicate that exposure to @entity7 can affect the neuroendocrine system in @entity1 .

title: Neuroendocrine effects of XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity7 ) is a degradation product of @entity5 -based fluorochemicals that are used extensively in industrial and household applications. @entity0 and wildlife are exposed to this class of compounds from several sources. @entity2 tests in rodents have raised concerns about potential developmental, reproductive, and systemic effects of @entity7 . However, the effect of @entity7 on the neuroendocrine system has not been investigated thus far. In this study, adult female @entity1 were injected intraperitoneally with 0, 1, or 10 mg @entity7 /kg body weight (BW) for 2 weeks. Food and water intake, BW, and estrous cycles were monitored daily. At the end of treatment, @entity7 levels in tissues were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) interfaced with electrospray mass spectrometry. Changes in brain monoamines were measured by HPLC with electrochemical detection, and serum @entity4 and leptin were monitored using radioimmunoassay. Treatment with @entity7 produced a dose-dependent accumulation of this chemical in various body tissues, including the brain. @entity7 exposure decreased food intake and BW in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with @entity7 affected estrous cyclicity and increased serum @entity4 levels while decreasing serum leptin concentrations. @entity7 treatment also increased @entity3 concentrations in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. These results indicate that exposure to @entity7 can affect the neuroendocrine system in @entity1 .

title: Neuroendocrine effects of @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In this review we summarize the findings of a two-phase study of the prevalence, symptomatology, and etiology of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). We also explore possible triggers, the potential linkage between @entity1 , and the lifestyle alterations produced by @entity1 . The first phase of the study consisted of a random sampling of 1,582 individuals from the Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan area to determine the reported prevalence of a @entity0 to common chemicals. In this phase, 12.6% of the sample reported a @entity0 . Further questioning of individuals with a @entity0 indicated that 13.5% (1.8% of the entire sample) reported losing their jobs because of their @entity0 . The second phase was a follow-up questioning of the respondents who initially reported @entity0 . In this phase, we found that individuals with @entity0 experience a variety of symptoms and triggers. A significant percentage (27.5%) reported that their @entity0 was initiated by an exposure to pesticides, whereas an equal percentage (27.5%) attributed it to solvents. Only 1.4% had a history of prior emotional problems, but 37.7% developed these problems after the physical symptoms emerged. This suggests that @entity1 has a physiologic and not a psychologic etiology.

title: A review of a two-phase population study of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since de-institutionalisation, much has been written about the risk posed to the community by those with severe @entity3 . However, violent victimisation of @entity0 with mental illnesses has received little attention. AIMS: To establish the 1-year prevalence of violent victimisation in community-dwelling @entity0 with @entity1 and to identify the socio-demographic and clinical correlates of violent victimisation. METHOD: A total of 691 subjects with established @entity2 were interviewed. The past-year prevalence of violent victimisation was estimated and compared with general population figures. Those who reported being violently victimised were compared with those who did not on a range of social and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: Sixteen per cent of @entity0 reported being violently victimised. Victims of violence were significantly more likely to report severe @entity4 , homelessness, substance misuse and previous violent behaviour and were more likely to have a comorbid @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Those with @entity1 are at considerable risk of violent victimisation in the community. Victimisation experience should be recorded in the standard psychiatric interview.

title: Prevalence of violent victimisation in severe XXXX .

answer: @entity3