abstract: BACKGROUND: Controversy still exists over the optimal management of early-stage @entity4 ( @entity4 ); presentation features may have a different prognostic impact according to initial therapy, and long-term @entity3 must be fully evaluated. @entity0 AND METHODS: This study included 164 @entity0 with stage IA-IIA @entity4 treated with radiotherapy (RT) alone or combined radio- and chemotherapy (CT) according to presenting features and their attendant prognostic significance. The RT group included 88 @entity0 with favorable prognostic features; the combined modality group included 76 @entity0 with one or more unfavorable features. In the RT group, 85% of @entity0 received extended-mantle or STNI; in the combined modality group, RT consisted of mantle- (49%), extended mantle- (37%), and involved-field irradiation (14%); CT consisted of 6 cycles of MOPP before 1984; 3 cycles of ABVD were substituted for MOPP thereafter. RESULTS: Complete remission was obtained in 94% and 99% of @entity0 of the RT and combined modality groups, respectively. The 10-year actuarial @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in the RT group was 62% and was influenced by stage (p = 0.04) and histology (p = 0.01); in the combined modality group, @entity7 was 88% and was influenced by the presence of bulky disease. Overall survival and @entity1 mortality between the therapy groups were comparable. RT-related @entity3 consisted of mediastinal @entity2 (8 cases), @entity8 (3), @entity5 (2); other long-term events included 2 cases of @entity6 in the combined MOPP and RT group. Altogether, 8 of 20 @entity0 who died were in their first complete remission. CONCLUSIONS: In stage IA-IIA @entity4 , the combined modality therapy reduced the risk of relapse compared to radiation alone; long-term @entity3 of RT was not negligible and relapses could occur late.

title: Early-stage XXXX : long-term results with radiotherapy alone or combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Two hundred fifty-nine previously untreated @entity0 with low-grade @entity3 ( @entity3 ), Ann Arbor stages III and IV, entered a randomized multicenter trial comparing the therapeutic effect of @entity5 / @entity1 (ChP) vs. @entity4 . All @entity0 had symptomatic disease. The therapeutic aim was to achieve an asymptomatic state in the ChP group (n = 132), while in @entity4 -treated @entity0 (n = 127) the intention was to reach a complete remission (CR). The response rate (CR+PR at 8 months) was 36% in the ChP and 60% in the @entity4 group (p < 0.01). Three and 5-year survival rates were 59% and 41% in the ChP group and 64% and 44% in the @entity4 group. The corresponding median survival times were 46 and 52 months. After correction for intercurrent deaths, the overall 5-year survival was 49% for ChP and 54% for @entity4 -treated @entity0 . The differences were statistically not significant. The time from diagnosis to randomization (time with @entity6 ) was longer than one year in half of the @entity0 . The median survival time from diagnosis was 68 months, with no differences between the treatment groups. In all histological subgroups ( @entity2 , IC, CC, and CB-CC), a higher remission rate was seen with the @entity4 regimen but with no statistically significant influence on survival. Comparing @entity0 below and above 65 years of age, no significant difference in survival was noted between the two treatment groups. The results do not support the use of intensive chemotherapy as first-line therapy in symptomatic low-grade @entity3 .

title: Chlorambucil/ XXXX vs. @entity4 in symptomatic low-grade @entity3 : a randomized trial from the Lymphoma Group of Central Sweden.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Two hundred fifty-nine previously untreated @entity0 with low-grade @entity3 ( @entity3 ), Ann Arbor stages III and IV, entered a randomized multicenter trial comparing the therapeutic effect of @entity5 / @entity1 (ChP) vs. @entity4 . All @entity0 had symptomatic disease. The therapeutic aim was to achieve an asymptomatic state in the ChP group (n = 132), while in @entity4 -treated @entity0 (n = 127) the intention was to reach a complete remission (CR). The response rate (CR+PR at 8 months) was 36% in the ChP and 60% in the @entity4 group (p < 0.01). Three and 5-year survival rates were 59% and 41% in the ChP group and 64% and 44% in the @entity4 group. The corresponding median survival times were 46 and 52 months. After correction for intercurrent deaths, the overall 5-year survival was 49% for ChP and 54% for @entity4 -treated @entity0 . The differences were statistically not significant. The time from diagnosis to randomization (time with @entity6 ) was longer than one year in half of the @entity0 . The median survival time from diagnosis was 68 months, with no differences between the treatment groups. In all histological subgroups ( @entity2 , IC, CC, and CB-CC), a higher remission rate was seen with the @entity4 regimen but with no statistically significant influence on survival. Comparing @entity0 below and above 65 years of age, no significant difference in survival was noted between the two treatment groups. The results do not support the use of intensive chemotherapy as first-line therapy in symptomatic low-grade @entity3 .

title: Chlorambucil/ @entity1 vs. XXXX in symptomatic low-grade @entity3 : a randomized trial from the Lymphoma Group of Central Sweden.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Two hundred fifty-nine previously untreated @entity0 with low-grade @entity3 ( @entity3 ), Ann Arbor stages III and IV, entered a randomized multicenter trial comparing the therapeutic effect of @entity5 / @entity1 (ChP) vs. @entity4 . All @entity0 had symptomatic disease. The therapeutic aim was to achieve an asymptomatic state in the ChP group (n = 132), while in @entity4 -treated @entity0 (n = 127) the intention was to reach a complete remission (CR). The response rate (CR+PR at 8 months) was 36% in the ChP and 60% in the @entity4 group (p < 0.01). Three and 5-year survival rates were 59% and 41% in the ChP group and 64% and 44% in the @entity4 group. The corresponding median survival times were 46 and 52 months. After correction for intercurrent deaths, the overall 5-year survival was 49% for ChP and 54% for @entity4 -treated @entity0 . The differences were statistically not significant. The time from diagnosis to randomization (time with @entity6 ) was longer than one year in half of the @entity0 . The median survival time from diagnosis was 68 months, with no differences between the treatment groups. In all histological subgroups ( @entity2 , IC, CC, and CB-CC), a higher remission rate was seen with the @entity4 regimen but with no statistically significant influence on survival. Comparing @entity0 below and above 65 years of age, no significant difference in survival was noted between the two treatment groups. The results do not support the use of intensive chemotherapy as first-line therapy in symptomatic low-grade @entity3 .

title: Chlorambucil/ @entity1 vs. @entity4 in symptomatic low-grade XXXX : a randomized trial from the Lymphoma Group of Central Sweden.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The AgNOR number ( @entity12 ) and the AgNOR quotient (NQ) of 228 melanocytic, epidermal and fibrohistiocytic lesions were investigated by image analysis. In @entity11 , @entity10 and Spitz nevi, significantly less AgNORs were seen than in malignant @entity6 and @entity6 in situ. Significant differences in AgNOR expression were detected between the subtypes of @entity6 , too. @entity4 showed a significantly higher AgNOR expression than keratoacanthomas and other @entity0 . Between the G1 @entity4 and the G2 and G3 groups, an increase of the @entity12 and NQ was found. @entity9 demonstrated a significantly lower AgNOR expression than @entity4 . Bowen--higher @entity12 and NQ than the benign lesions. The lowest AgNOR results of fibrohistiocytic lesions were registered in regressive @entity2 and in scars, the highest in malignant @entity3 . Between dermato- @entity8 protuberans, @entity7 and malignant @entity3 , significant differences were found to exist. Furthermore we examined the suitability of the AgNOR technique for quantification of epidermal cell kinetics in non-neoplastic epidermal hyperproliferations. Especially in the grading of psoriasis this technique is helpful. First convincing results could be achieved for the use of the AgNOR method in the verification of antiproliferative effects of new substances in an experimental @entity1 tail test. This study demonstrated that the AgNOR technique in addition to the dermatohistological differential diagnosis of @entity0 is useful for the quantification of antiproliferative effects of different treatments in hyperproliferative @entity5 .

title: [Use of the AgNOR method for the differential diagnosis of XXXX and for the quantification of non-neoplastic epidermal hyperproliferation in dermatohistology].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Little is known about @entity0 survivors' social networks or their perceived social support to achieve and maintain a healthy diet. This paper describes the social networks and perceived support for healthy eating in a sample of @entity0 survivors of predominantly Dominican descent living in New York City. METHODS: Spanish-speaking @entity0 survivors enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a culturally tailored dietary intervention. Social networks were assessed using Cohen's Social Network Index and a modified General Social Survey Social Networks Module that included assessments of shared health promoting behaviors. Perceived social support from family and friends for healthy, food-related behaviors was assessed. RESULTS: @entity1 ' networks consisted predominantly of family and friends. Family members were more likely than other individuals to be identified as close network members. @entity1 were more likely to share food-related activities than exercise activities with close network members. Perceived social support for healthy eating was high, although perceived support from spouses and @entity1 was higher than support from friends. Despite high levels of perceived support, family was also identified as a barrier to eating healthy foods by nearly half of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Although friends are part of @entity0 survivors' social networks, spouses and @entity1 may provide greater support for healthy eating than friends. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Involving family members in dietary interventions for @entity0 survivors may tap into positive sources of support for @entity1 , which could facilitate uptake and maintenance of healthy eating behaviors.

title: Social networks and social support for healthy eating among XXXX survivors: implications for social and behavioral interventions.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 ectocervical epithelial cells are a primary target for @entity2 , which are strongly implicated as causative agents in the genesis of @entity1 . Growth factors have been implicated as agents that stimulate proliferation and enhance the possibility of malignant transformation. In the present study we utilize several @entity4 ) @entity5 -immortalized ectocervical epithelial cell lines to investigate the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor I ( @entity3 ) on cell proliferation and the production of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). ECE16-1 cells, an @entity5 -immortalized/nontumorigenic cell line, maintained in defined medium, produce and release high levels of @entity6 (38/42 kDa) as well as smaller amounts of a 24-kDa IGFBP. Supplementation of defined medium with EGF causes a dose-dependent increase in cell growth and a concomitant decrease in the levels of @entity6 released into the culture medium. EGF suppression of @entity6 is maintained even when EGF-stimulated cell growth is suppressed 67% due to the simultaneous presence of 3 ng/ml of @entity7 , indicating that EGF suppression of @entity6 levels is independent of EGF effects on cell growth. EGF suppression of @entity6 production is correlated with a reduction in @entity6 mRNA level. In the presence of EGF, the growth response of the cells to ng amounts of @entity3 is significantly enhanced. Moreover, the simultaneous presence of both EGF and @entity3 reduces the level of @entity6 more efficiently than EGF alone. We also observe that the @entity6 level is decreased and the 24-kDa IGFBP level is increased in @entity5 -positive tumorigenic versus nontumorigenic cell lines. This is the first report of EGF acting as a positive regulator of @entity3 action via the IGFBPs. On the basis of these findings, we propose that EGF stimulates ECE16-1 cell growth via a dual-action mechanism by (a) stimulating growth directly via the EGF mitogenic pathway and (b) stimulating growth indirectly by reducing the levels of inhibitory IGFBPs and thereby potentiating the effects of @entity3 . In addition, the observation that more highly transformed cell types produce lower levels of @entity6 and higher levels of 24-kDa IGFBP suggests that @entity1 cells in more @entity1 may have an altered response to @entity3 .

title: Epidermal growth factor suppresses insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 levels in XXXX -immortalized cervical epithelial cells and thereby potentiates the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The immunogenicity of recombinant @entity5 ( @entity8 , EuroCetus, Amsterdam, Netherlands) was studied in seventy-six @entity0 receiving different subcutaneous immunotherapy regimens. @entity0 presented with progressive @entity6 , @entity3 , @entity1 , @entity7 , and @entity4 . An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed to screen @entity0 for development of non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity8 , antibody specificity was confirmed by a standard Western blot. Neutralizing serum activity against @entity8 was detected using a standard CTLL @entity2 proliferation assay. Additionally, serum levels of soluble @entity5 receptors and lymphocyte subsets expressing the CD56 natural killer (NK) associated antigen were measured. In a proportion of approximately 35% to 90% of the @entity0 treated, non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity8 could be detected after all treatment courses were evaluated. Antibodies were of the IgG, IgM, IgA and IgD subtypes. None of the 76 patients exhibited serum neutralizing activity after one treatment course. Five @entity0 exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity8 serum activity after two or more treatment courses of systemic @entity8 . In three of these patients, antibodies neutralized both recombinant and natural @entity5 . @entity0 developing neutralizing anti- @entity8 antibodies, exhibited significantly lower serum sIL-2 receptor levels upon the emergence of serum neutralizing activity than patients without antibody. Additionally, NK cell associated CD56 positivity was significantly lower in @entity0 who exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity8 serum activity than in @entity0 who did not. A significant decrease in levels of soluble @entity5 receptors and CD56 NK cell positivity was observed, when comparing values prior to and after onset of serum neutralizing activity against @entity8 . However, while emergence of neutralizing antibodies to @entity8 diminished @entity8 induced biological activation, it did not coincide with abrogation of treatment response.

title: Immunogenicity of recombinant @entity0 XXXX : biological features and clinical relevance.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The immunogenicity of recombinant @entity5 ( @entity8 , EuroCetus, Amsterdam, Netherlands) was studied in seventy-six @entity0 receiving different subcutaneous immunotherapy regimens. @entity0 presented with progressive @entity6 , @entity3 , @entity1 , @entity7 , and @entity4 . An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was employed to screen @entity0 for development of non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity8 , antibody specificity was confirmed by a standard Western blot. Neutralizing serum activity against @entity8 was detected using a standard CTLL @entity2 proliferation assay. Additionally, serum levels of soluble @entity5 receptors and lymphocyte subsets expressing the CD56 natural killer (NK) associated antigen were measured. In a proportion of approximately 35% to 90% of the @entity0 treated, non-neutralizing antibodies against @entity8 could be detected after all treatment courses were evaluated. Antibodies were of the IgG, IgM, IgA and IgD subtypes. None of the 76 patients exhibited serum neutralizing activity after one treatment course. Five @entity0 exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity8 serum activity after two or more treatment courses of systemic @entity8 . In three of these patients, antibodies neutralized both recombinant and natural @entity5 . @entity0 developing neutralizing anti- @entity8 antibodies, exhibited significantly lower serum sIL-2 receptor levels upon the emergence of serum neutralizing activity than patients without antibody. Additionally, NK cell associated CD56 positivity was significantly lower in @entity0 who exhibited neutralizing anti- @entity8 serum activity than in @entity0 who did not. A significant decrease in levels of soluble @entity5 receptors and CD56 NK cell positivity was observed, when comparing values prior to and after onset of serum neutralizing activity against @entity8 . However, while emergence of neutralizing antibodies to @entity8 diminished @entity8 induced biological activation, it did not coincide with abrogation of treatment response.

title: Immunogenicity of recombinant XXXX @entity5 : biological features and clinical relevance.

answer: @entity0


abstract: T cells specific for the mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity5 ( @entity6 ) play a pivotal role in the development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Lewis @entity0 . Upon adoptive transfer, CD4+ T cells recognizing a particular @entity6 epitope trigger the onset of disease. Activation of @entity6 -reactive T cells can be achieved by immunization with heat-killed mycobacteria in mineral oil--complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity3 )--or with purified recombinant @entity6 . @entity1 , however, will only develop after immunization with @entity3 . In fact, preimmunization with @entity6 protects against any subsequent attempt to induce @entity2 . In this study, we examined polyclonal lymph node cell responses in Lewis @entity0 , immunized with either @entity3 or purified recombinant @entity6 in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, to a set of @entity6 fragments generated by a mild digestion with @entity4 . Proliferative responses to several @entity6 fragments varied with the type of antigen used for immunization. A @entity4 -released fragment, identified as residues 376-408, preferentially triggered proliferation of @entity0 T cells after @entity6 immunization. Preimmunization of Lewis @entity0 with this peptide delayed the onset and reduced the severity of @entity2 . Preimmunization with another fragment which was preferentially recognized after @entity3 immunization, representing residues 40-60, did not have such a protective effect. Our findings suggest the presence of mycobacterial @entity6 determinants that selectively trigger @entity2 -regulating T cells and illustrate that @entity4 may be used as an experimental tool to generate such determinants.

title: Differential @entity0 T cell recognition of @entity4 -released fragments of mycobacterial 65 kDa XXXX after immunization with either the recombinant protein or whole mycobacteria.

answer: @entity5


abstract: T cells specific for the mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity5 ( @entity6 ) play a pivotal role in the development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Lewis @entity0 . Upon adoptive transfer, CD4+ T cells recognizing a particular @entity6 epitope trigger the onset of disease. Activation of @entity6 -reactive T cells can be achieved by immunization with heat-killed mycobacteria in mineral oil--complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity3 )--or with purified recombinant @entity6 . @entity1 , however, will only develop after immunization with @entity3 . In fact, preimmunization with @entity6 protects against any subsequent attempt to induce @entity2 . In this study, we examined polyclonal lymph node cell responses in Lewis @entity0 , immunized with either @entity3 or purified recombinant @entity6 in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, to a set of @entity6 fragments generated by a mild digestion with @entity4 . Proliferative responses to several @entity6 fragments varied with the type of antigen used for immunization. A @entity4 -released fragment, identified as residues 376-408, preferentially triggered proliferation of @entity0 T cells after @entity6 immunization. Preimmunization of Lewis @entity0 with this peptide delayed the onset and reduced the severity of @entity2 . Preimmunization with another fragment which was preferentially recognized after @entity3 immunization, representing residues 40-60, did not have such a protective effect. Our findings suggest the presence of mycobacterial @entity6 determinants that selectively trigger @entity2 -regulating T cells and illustrate that @entity4 may be used as an experimental tool to generate such determinants.

title: Differential @entity0 T cell recognition of XXXX -released fragments of mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity5 after immunization with either the recombinant protein or whole mycobacteria.

answer: @entity4


abstract: T cells specific for the mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity5 ( @entity6 ) play a pivotal role in the development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Lewis @entity0 . Upon adoptive transfer, CD4+ T cells recognizing a particular @entity6 epitope trigger the onset of disease. Activation of @entity6 -reactive T cells can be achieved by immunization with heat-killed mycobacteria in mineral oil--complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity3 )--or with purified recombinant @entity6 . @entity1 , however, will only develop after immunization with @entity3 . In fact, preimmunization with @entity6 protects against any subsequent attempt to induce @entity2 . In this study, we examined polyclonal lymph node cell responses in Lewis @entity0 , immunized with either @entity3 or purified recombinant @entity6 in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, to a set of @entity6 fragments generated by a mild digestion with @entity4 . Proliferative responses to several @entity6 fragments varied with the type of antigen used for immunization. A @entity4 -released fragment, identified as residues 376-408, preferentially triggered proliferation of @entity0 T cells after @entity6 immunization. Preimmunization of Lewis @entity0 with this peptide delayed the onset and reduced the severity of @entity2 . Preimmunization with another fragment which was preferentially recognized after @entity3 immunization, representing residues 40-60, did not have such a protective effect. Our findings suggest the presence of mycobacterial @entity6 determinants that selectively trigger @entity2 -regulating T cells and illustrate that @entity4 may be used as an experimental tool to generate such determinants.

title: Differential XXXX T cell recognition of @entity4 -released fragments of mycobacterial 65 kDa @entity5 after immunization with either the recombinant protein or whole mycobacteria.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Although a number of reports suggest very low persistence with oral @entity2 , there is limited data on persistence with other anti- @entity1 medications. We compare rates of early discontinuation (in the first year) with all available outpatient anti- @entity1 drugs in Catalonia, Spain. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using data from the SIDIAP database. SIDIAP contains computerized primary care records and pharmacy dispensing data for >80 % of the population of Catalonia (>5 million @entity0 ). All SIDIAP @entity0 starting an anti- @entity1 drug between 1/1/2007 and 30/06/2011 (with 2 years wash-out) were included. We modelled persistence as the time between first prescription and therapy discontinuation (refill gap of at least 6 months) using Fine and Gray survival models with competing risk for @entity3 . We identified 127,722 @entity0 who started any anti- @entity1 drug in the study period. The most commonly prescribed drug was weekly @entity4 (N = 55,399). 1-Year persistence ranges from 40 % with monthly @entity5 to 7.7 % with daily @entity5 , and discontinuation was very common [from 49.5 % (monthly @entity5 ) to 84.4 % (daily @entity5 )] as was also switching in the first year of therapy [from 2.8 % (weekly @entity4 ) to 10 % (daily @entity4 )]. Multivariable-adjusted models showed that only monthly @entity5 had better one-year persistence than weekly @entity4 and @entity6 equivalent, whilst all other therapies had worse persistence. Early discontinuation with available anti- @entity1 oral drugs is very common. Monthly @entity5 , weekly @entity4 , and daily @entity6 are the drugs with the best persistence, whilst daily oral drugs have 40-60 % higher first-year discontinuation rates compared to weekly @entity4 .

title: Early (1-year) Discontinuation of Different Anti- XXXX Medications Compared: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal defect after @entity2 resection. METHOD: All the @entity0 received initial treatment. Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap was Applied in one-stage reconstruction in 22 cases of @entity2 with post-operation defect. During operation, pectoral branches of thoracoacromial vessels and branch of lateral thoracic vessels were reserved and prepared to be double pedicle vessel fascia bundle without muscle at the beginning part, rearched to defect area through subclavian tunnel. After operation, it is necessary to closely observe the subcutaneous swelling, quantity and color of the drain and others of neck surgery area to exclude the occurrence of surgical @entity5 . When there is suspicion, do timely exploration. RESULT: Pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps of 22 @entity0 were all survived. @entity3 occurred in 2 cases and was cured by change of dressing. Twenty-one cases received radiotherapy after operation without secondary flap @entity1 . After follow-up of 6 months to 24 months, one case of roll repairment of circumferential defect in cervical esophagus,found to have @entity4 stenosis 8 months after radiotherapy and then underwent gastrostomy treatment,the other 21 cases showed good recovery of swallowing function. Among 13 cases with laryngeal function reserved, only 1 case wearing tube and the extubation rate was 92.3% without communication barriers, no @entity0 died in the short follow-up period. CONCLUSION: For double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major nyocutaneous flap, blood supply are fully guaranteed and does not require complicated equipment to observe and monitor the flap blood supply after operation, it is important to exclude factors that may lead to muscular flap @entity1 to ensure the survival of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.

title: [The application of double pedicle blood supply pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal defect after XXXX resection].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lengthening of the lateral column for adduction of forefoot and restoration of the medial arch. Stabilization of the ankle joint complex. INDICATIONS: @entity0 ( @entity4 stage  II). Instability of the medial ankle joint complex (superficial deltoid and spring ligament). Posttraumatic valgus and @entity2 . CONTRAINDICATIONS: Rigid @entity0 ( @entity4 stage  III and IV). Talocalcaneal and @entity5 . @entity1 of calcaneocuboid joint. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Exposition of @entity3 at sinus tarsi. Osteotomy through sinus tarsi and widening until desired correction of the foot is achieved. Insertion of bone graft. Screw fixation. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Immobilization in a cast for 6  weeks. Weight-bearing as tolerated from the beginning. RESULTS: In the majority of cases, part of hindfoot reconstruction. Reliable and stable correction. Safe procedure with few complications.

title: [Lateral column lengthening osteotomy of XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of hepatopancreatoduodenectomy (HPD) in @entity0 with advanced @entity4 directly invading the liver and pancreas, generally considered to be nonresectable. @entity0 AND METHODS: Sixty @entity0 with @entity4 admitted to our hospital from 1978 to 1992, of whom 55 had Nevin stage V @entity2 and 21 had resectable @entity1 . Of these @entity0 , seven underwent HPD. The remaining 34 @entity0 had nonresectable @entity1 . The outcomes of @entity0 undergoing HPD and those with nonresectable @entity1 were compared and the effect on their quality of life was also analyzed. RESULTS: @entity3 occurred in five of the seven @entity0 after HPD, but there were no operative deaths. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 57% and 28.6%, respectively, with a median survival time of 12 months. In contrast, the 1- and 2-year survival rates of the 34 @entity0 with nonresectable @entity1 were both 5.8%, and the median survival time was 2 months. The median and mean durations of home stay after HPD were 6 and 10.5 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy has the potential to improve both survival and the quality of life for carefully selected @entity0 with advanced @entity4 .

title: Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy for advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Factors that were likely to cause @entity6 following hepatic resection were studied. DESIGN: Case-comparison study. SETTING: Institutional practice. @entity0 : Seventy-one @entity0 who underwent hepatic resection because of primary or secondary @entity1 and other benign disease, and who had no history of @entity5 , were divided into four groups. @entity0 were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of underlying @entity3 and the @entity4 methods used during hepatic resection (Pringle maneuver or the hemihepatic @entity4 technique). The Pringle maneuver was chosen for @entity0 in whom the duration of liver parenchymal transection was expected to be short and/or the hepatic hilum had severe adhesion precluding the safe dissection of the hepatic artery and portal vein. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum amylase levels were measured on the preoperative day and on postoperative days 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, and 14. Preoperative liver function, operative @entity2 , operative time, and @entity4 time were examined. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity3 (CLD group) had high serum amylase levels during the preoperative and postoperative periods. @entity0 in the CLD group who underwent the Pringle maneuver (Pringle-L group) had significantly elevated postoperative serum amylase levels in comparison with their preoperative serum amylase levels. @entity5 developed in two @entity0 in the Pringle-L group--one of them died. CONCLUSION: These results strongly suggest that prolonged complete occlusion of the portal vein for hepatectomy in @entity0 with @entity3 has a serious influence on postoperative serum amylase levels.

title: Changes in serum amylase level following hepatic resection in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: No systematic comparison has been conducted in Fiji using all suitable surveys of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity2 prevalence after standardizing methodology and definitions. METHODS: Unit records from six surveys of Fiji adults were variously adjusted for age, ethnicity (Fiji Melanesians, i-Taukei, and Fijians of Asian Indian descent [Indians]) and urban-rural by sex to previous censuses. Trends were assessed using meta-regression (random effect models) and estimates projected to 2020. Poisson regression of strata was used to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) increases on @entity1 period trends. RESULTS: Over 1980-2011, @entity1 prevalence increased in i-Taukei @entity0 (3.2% to 11.1%; 1.32%/5   years) and @entity0 (5.3% to 13.6%; 1.40%/5   years) and Indian @entity0 (11.1% to 17.9%; 1.24%/5   years) and @entity0 (11.2% to 19.9%; 1.71%/5   years). Projected @entity1 prevalence in 2020 is 13.3% and 16.7% in i-Taukei @entity0 and @entity0 , and 23.4% and 24.1% in Indian @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. Obesity prevalence increased in i-Taukei @entity0 (12.6% to 28.9%; 2.99%/5   years) and @entity0 (30.1% to 52.9%; 3.84%/5   years) and in Indian @entity0 (2.8% to 9.4%; 1.21%/5   years) and @entity0 (13.2% to 26.6%; 2.61%/5   years). Projected @entity2 prevalence in 2020 is 34.0% and 60.0% in i-Taukei and @entity0 , and 11.4% and 31.0% in Indian @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. After age-adjustment, an estimated 27%, 25%, 16% and 18% of the @entity1 period trend is attributable to BMI in i-Taukei @entity0 and @entity0 and Indian @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity1 in Fiji is projected to continue increasing, driven by rising @entity2 , with consequences for premature mortality and life expectancy.

title: @entity1 and XXXX trends in Fiji over 30   years.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: No systematic comparison has been conducted in Fiji using all suitable surveys of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity2 prevalence after standardizing methodology and definitions. METHODS: Unit records from six surveys of Fiji adults were variously adjusted for age, ethnicity (Fiji Melanesians, i-Taukei, and Fijians of Asian Indian descent [Indians]) and urban-rural by sex to previous censuses. Trends were assessed using meta-regression (random effect models) and estimates projected to 2020. Poisson regression of strata was used to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) increases on @entity1 period trends. RESULTS: Over 1980-2011, @entity1 prevalence increased in i-Taukei @entity0 (3.2% to 11.1%; 1.32%/5   years) and @entity0 (5.3% to 13.6%; 1.40%/5   years) and Indian @entity0 (11.1% to 17.9%; 1.24%/5   years) and @entity0 (11.2% to 19.9%; 1.71%/5   years). Projected @entity1 prevalence in 2020 is 13.3% and 16.7% in i-Taukei @entity0 and @entity0 , and 23.4% and 24.1% in Indian @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. Obesity prevalence increased in i-Taukei @entity0 (12.6% to 28.9%; 2.99%/5   years) and @entity0 (30.1% to 52.9%; 3.84%/5   years) and in Indian @entity0 (2.8% to 9.4%; 1.21%/5   years) and @entity0 (13.2% to 26.6%; 2.61%/5   years). Projected @entity2 prevalence in 2020 is 34.0% and 60.0% in i-Taukei and @entity0 , and 11.4% and 31.0% in Indian @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. After age-adjustment, an estimated 27%, 25%, 16% and 18% of the @entity1 period trend is attributable to BMI in i-Taukei @entity0 and @entity0 and Indian @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity1 in Fiji is projected to continue increasing, driven by rising @entity2 , with consequences for premature mortality and life expectancy.

title: XXXX and @entity2 trends in Fiji over 30   years.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Four new permanent cell lines (RCC-A, -B, -C, and -D) derived from different @entity0 @entity6 of the clear cell type were established in tissue culture. The cell lines displayed characteristic differences in cell size and shape, which allowed individual identification by phase contrast microscopy. Ultrastructurally, the cell lines exhibited varying amounts of cytoplasmatic glycogen and lipid. Immunohistochemistry revealed co-expression of @entity9 and cytokeratin in all cell lines. The mean population doubling time ranged from 27 h (RCC-A) to 104 h (RCC-D). RCC-B and -C cells produced slowly growing @entity1 after heterotransplantation into @entity2 , whereas RCC-A and RCC-D cells were non-tumorigenic. The modal chromosome number was either near-diploid (RCC-A, -B, and -C) or near triploid (RCC-D). @entity8 affecting the short arm of chromosome 3 were seen in all cell lines. Northern blot analysis revealed no expression of the proto-oncogenes @entity7 , c-ros, and @entity10 , whereas @entity5 expression was observed in all cell lines. Expression of @entity3 was observed in RCC-A, RCC-B, and RCC-D cells, whereas @entity11 expression could be detected in RCC-B and RCC-D. @entity1 suppressor gene @entity4 mRNA was observed in the cell line RCC-D.

title: Cytomorphological, cytogenetic, and molecular biological characterization of four new XXXX renal carcinoma cell lines of the clear cell type.

answer: @entity0


abstract: According to the updated guidelines for imaging in lymphoma, 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is recommended for staging and evaluation of treatment response in FDG-avid @entity1 . The purpose of the study was to evaluate the utility of PET/CT in nodal @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity5 ( @entity5 , @entity3 , or angioimmunoblastic @entity2 ) seen at five Danish hematology centers during the period 2006 to 2012 were included, if they had been pretherapeutically staged with PET/CT. Medical records were reviewed for baseline clinical and follow-up information. Staging, interim (I-PET), and end-of-treatment PET/CT (E-PET) studies were centrally reviewed, and reported using the Deauville 5-point score (DS). A total of 124 @entity0 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median age was 58 years, and 88% received @entity6 / @entity6 -like therapy. Five years PFS and @entity4 of the study population was 36.8% (95% CI 27.3-46.4) and 49.7% (95% CI 38.9-59.6), respectively. The presence of PET/CT-ascertained lung and/or liver involvement was associated with a worse outcome. The sensitivity of PET/CT for detecting biopsy-defined bone marrow involvement was only 18% (95% CI 4-43). An interim DS >3 was not prognostic for worse @entity4 and PFS among @entity6 / @entity6 -like treated @entity0 in uni- or multivariate analyses. A DS >3 after treatment predicted a worse prognosis. In conclusion, I-PET was not predictive of outcome in @entity6 / @entity6 -like treated @entity5 @entity0 when using the DS. Prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal use of PET/CT in @entity5 including the role of quantitative PET/CT analysis.

title: Utility of interim and end-of-treatment PET/CT in XXXX : A review of 124 @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: According to the updated guidelines for imaging in lymphoma, 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is recommended for staging and evaluation of treatment response in FDG-avid @entity1 . The purpose of the study was to evaluate the utility of PET/CT in nodal @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity5 ( @entity5 , @entity3 , or angioimmunoblastic @entity2 ) seen at five Danish hematology centers during the period 2006 to 2012 were included, if they had been pretherapeutically staged with PET/CT. Medical records were reviewed for baseline clinical and follow-up information. Staging, interim (I-PET), and end-of-treatment PET/CT (E-PET) studies were centrally reviewed, and reported using the Deauville 5-point score (DS). A total of 124 @entity0 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median age was 58 years, and 88% received @entity6 / @entity6 -like therapy. Five years PFS and @entity4 of the study population was 36.8% (95% CI 27.3-46.4) and 49.7% (95% CI 38.9-59.6), respectively. The presence of PET/CT-ascertained lung and/or liver involvement was associated with a worse outcome. The sensitivity of PET/CT for detecting biopsy-defined bone marrow involvement was only 18% (95% CI 4-43). An interim DS >3 was not prognostic for worse @entity4 and PFS among @entity6 / @entity6 -like treated @entity0 in uni- or multivariate analyses. A DS >3 after treatment predicted a worse prognosis. In conclusion, I-PET was not predictive of outcome in @entity6 / @entity6 -like treated @entity5 @entity0 when using the DS. Prospective studies are needed to determine the optimal use of PET/CT in @entity5 including the role of quantitative PET/CT analysis.

title: Utility of interim and end-of-treatment PET/CT in @entity5 : A review of 124 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A filter binding assay was developed to study interactions between purified TRAP, the trp RNA-binding attenuation protein of @entity2 , and trp specific transcripts. TRAP formed stable complexes with trpEDCFBA leader RNA; binding was L- @entity1 -dependent and was complete within 60 s. TRAP binds to a segment of the trp leader transcript that includes part of an RNA antiterminator structure. Binding to this segment allows formation of an RNA terminator structure, thereby promoting transcription termination. Using several trpEDCFBA leader deletion transcripts, we identified several closely spaced trinucleotide repeats (seven GAG and four UAG repeats) in the trp leader transcript that appeared to be required for TRAP binding. We also showed that TRAP binds to a segment of the trpG transcript that includes the trpG ribosome binding site; the @entity0 sequence of this segment contains several appropriately spaced trinucleotide repeats (seven GAG, one UAG, and one AAG). TRAP binding to the trpG transcript would block translation initiation. RNA footprint analysis confirmed interaction between TRAP and the trinucleotide repeats in the various transcripts. TRAP, in the presence or absence of @entity3 , appears to consist of 11 or 12 identical 8-kDa subunits. Our findings suggest that each @entity1 -activated TRAP subunit can bind one G/UAG repeat in a target transcript. Multiple protein-RNA interactions are required for stable association.

title: TRAP, the trp RNA-binding attenuation protein of XXXX , is a multisubunit complex that appears to recognize G/UAG repeats in the trpEDCFBA and trpG transcripts.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A case is reported of @entity3 due to a Carlens double-lumen tube. A 73 year old male @entity0 was to undergo a double right lower and @entity1 . All went well and as expected until 20 min after the start of left-sided unilateral ventilation by way of the double-lumen tube. A sudden increase in the inspiratory pressures led to the discovery, first, of a leak around the cuff, and then, air bubbles in the mediastinum. Surgical exploration showed up the 4 cm long @entity3 in the pars membrana of the left main bronchus through which the cuff was herniating. The @entity0 was reintubated and the @entity3 surgically repaired. The right @entity5 had not been ventilated for 45 min and there were signs of @entity6 . The immediate postoperative course was rather stormy, with severe @entity4 , recurring right @entity5 atelectasia and bilateral @entity2 . The @entity0 was only definitely weaned from the respirator 40 days after the surgical incident. Although such complications with double-lumen tubes are rare, they must be recognized and surgically repaired very rapidly. A few simple rules to prevent these complications are discussed.

title: [Isolated XXXX of the left main-stem bronchus during intubation with a Carlens tube].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The most effective antitachycardia pacing ( @entity1 ) mode is still a matter of debate. Randomized prospective testing of 3 different @entity1 modes was performed in 65 @entity0 (pts) prior to and after cardioverter defibrillator implantation (Ventak @entity3 36 pts, Cadence V 100 29 pts). All 3 @entity1 modes included 4 stimulation attempts with 4-7 adaptive scanning burst pulses. Adaptive burst coupling interval was 75% in mode A, 81% in mode B and 69% in mode C. Autodecremental scanning within bursts was 8 msec in all, decremental scanning between bursts was 8 msec in modes B and C. Each @entity1 mode had to be tested 3 times; all 3 @entity1 modes were randomly applied to each pt. During preoperative testing 91 of 133 VT episodes (68%) could be terminated by @entity1 . Termination was achieved in 68% with mode A, 68% with mode B and 73% with mode C. During predischarge testing, 251 VTs were induced and @entity1 was successful in 147 VTs (59%). Termination rate was 56% with mode A, 68% with mode B and 50% with mode C. During the mean follow-up of 12 months, 2301 @entity2 episodes (AE) occurred. @entity1 was performed in 2097 AE (91%) and successful in 1920 AE (92%). Acceleration of VT occurred in 65 AE (3%) and unsuccessful @entity1 was observed in 112 AE (5%). It is concluded that @entity1 in general is highly effective in pts with sustained VT. None of the tested @entity1 modes, however, proved to be superior to the other.

title: Role of antitachycardia pacing in XXXX with third generation cardioverter defibrillators.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several nonoperative and operative options are available for palliation of @entity0 with unresectable @entity2 . This retrospective analysis compares the results of nonoperative percutaneous stenting and operative palliation in 65 @entity0 . METHODS: Twenty-one @entity0 were managed with percutaneous biliary stents (group A), and 44 @entity0 underwent laparotomy (group B) with placement of large-bore @entity4 rubber transhepatic stents in 33. The two groups were similar with respect to age, gender, mean laboratory data, and @entity1 . RESULTS: Group A and group B @entity0 were comparable in hospital morbidity (67% vs 61%), hospital mortality (14% vs 7%), and mean initial hospital stay (27 vs 31 days). Survival was greater in group B laparotomy @entity0 at 1, 3, and 6 months (p < 0.01), and median survival was 5 months for group A compared with 8 months for group B @entity0 (p = 0.06). Group A @entity0 who were managed with percutaneous stents required more stent changes per month of survival (0.5 vs 0.3, p = 0.06). However, group B @entity0 who underwent operative palliation were more likely to undergo a second operation (0% vs 21%, p = 0.05), most often for @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Operative placement of large-bore transhepatic stents may reduce @entity3 , @entity5 , and prolong survival. We conclude that @entity0 with unresectable @entity2 who are fit for surgery may benefit from operative palliation.

title: Unresectable XXXX : percutaneous versus operative palliation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The safety and efficacy of conversion to @entity8 after failing immunosuppression with @entity3 was prospectively evaluated in 31 pediatric liver transplant recipients between April 1991 and March 1993. The @entity0 , who ranged in age from 40 days to 14 years, accounted for 28 primary transplantations and 3 retransplantations. The initial immunosuppression regimen consisted of @entity3 in combination with @entity4 . The indications for conversion were acute or chronic rejection refractory to OKT3, Minnesota antilymphocyte globulin, or @entity5 (13 @entity0 ); @entity1 (8 @entity0 ); inability to reach a therapeutic level of @entity3 (6 @entity0 ); @entity9 (3 @entity0 ); and @entity6 (1 @entity0 ). After an average follow-up of 10 months (range, 2 to 25 months), 27 (87%) of the @entity0 are alive and have functioning grafts. Of the 13 @entity0 who were converted for refractory rejection, 9 are alive. Six of these 9 @entity0 experienced a complete biochemical reversal of the rejection process within 3 months of conversion; 2 had a partial response to conversion, and 1 @entity0 failed but underwent successful retransplantation. Three of the 4 @entity0 who died did so without showing any improvement. The remaining 18 @entity0 who were converted for various other reasons are alive and have functioning grafts. Of the 8 @entity0 who developed @entity1 on @entity3 and @entity4 , 6 experienced a resolution of this problem within 3 months of conversion. Three of the 18 @entity0 who underwent rescue therapy for reasons other than refractory rejection experienced rejection episodes after conversion to @entity8 . Two of these 3 @entity0 achieved resolution with either @entity2 therapy or an increased dosage of @entity8 , while the third @entity0 developed chronic rejection. The side effects of @entity8 were generally minor and resolved by lowering the dose. @entity7 developed in 2 @entity0 (6%). The present study suggests that @entity8 is a relatively safe and effective rescue therapy for pediatric liver transplant recipients who have failed immunosuppression with @entity3 . Longer follow-up is needed to assess the effect of @entity8 on growth.

title: XXXX conversion therapy in pediatric liver transplantation.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Endophytic bacteria play a key role in the biocontrol of phytopathogenic microorganisms. In this study, genotypic diversity was analyzed via repetitive element PCR (rep-PCR) of endophytic isolates of the phylum Actinobacteria that were previously collected from leaves of cultivars of common bean ( @entity2 ). Considerable variability was observed, which has not been reported previously for this phylum of endophytic bacteria of the common bean. Furthermore, the @entity0 extracts from cultures of various isolates inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria in vitro, especially Gram-positive pathogens. Extracts from cultures of @entity1 BAC1065 and BAC1093, which were both isolated from the 'Talism  ' cultivar, strongly inhibited most of the pathogenic bacteria tested. Bean endophytic bacteria were also demonstrated to have the potential to inhibit the quorum sensing of Gram-negative bacteria. This mechanism may regulate the production of virulence factors in pathogens. The ability to inhibit quorum sensing has also not been reported previously for endophytic microorganisms of @entity3 . Furthermore, @entity1 with capacity to inhibit quorum sensing appears to be widespread in common bean. The genomic profiles of @entity1 were also analyzed via pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and greater differentiation was observed using this method than rep-PCR; in general, no groups were formed based on the cultivar of origin. This study showed for the first time that endophytic bacteria from common bean plants exhibit high variability and may be useful for the development of strategies for the biological control of diseases in this important legume plant.

title: Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Common Bean ( XXXX ) Exhibiting High Variability Showed Antimicrobial Activity and Quorum Sensing Inhibition.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 has been used successfully in the treatment of @entity3 for several years, but reports on long-term results are still sparse. We have performed pulmonary valve balloon dilatation procedures 23 times in 22 @entity0 since February 1985; the age of the @entity0 ranged from 2 days to 22 years. Three @entity0 did not benefit from the procedure, in two instances because the pulmonary valve was @entity5 and once because of severe associated @entity4 . These @entity0 subsequently underwent surgery. In the other 19 @entity0 the initial transvalvular gradient of 35 to 160 mm Hg (mean 81 mm Hg) was markedly reduced (to values ranging from 10 to 60 mm Hg, mean 31 mm Hg) rendering surgery unnecessary. There were no complications. The @entity0 have been followed up for periods ranging from 2 months to 3 years and all are asymptomatic. Repeat measurements of the transvalvular gradient were carried out either by recatheterization or by echo Doppler 4 months to 3 years after the procedure; we have not observed restenosis and the mean gradient remained unchanged compared to the measurements immediately after valvuloplasty. @entity1 was uncommon and indeed appears to be less prominent than after surgical valvotomy. Thus, percutaneous valvuloplasty now appears to be the preferred treatment for @entity3 and open heart surgery can be avoided in most cases.

title: [The treatment of XXXX using balloon dilatation. Long-term results].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Synaptic plasticity is fundamental in shaping the output of neural networks. The transformation of synaptic plasticity at the cellular level into plasticity at the system level involves multiple factors, including behavior of local networks of interneurons. Here we investigate the synaptic to system transformation for plasticity in motor output in an in vitro preparation of the adult @entity0 spinal cord. System plasticity was assessed from compound action potentials (APs) in spinal ventral roots, which were generated simultaneously by the axons of many motoneurons (MNs). Synaptic plasticity was assessed from intracellular recordings of MNs. A computer model of the MN pool was used to identify the middle steps in the transformation from synaptic to system behavior. Two input systems that converge on the same MN pool were studied: one sensory and one descending. The two synaptic input systems generated very different motor outputs, with sensory stimulation consistently evoking @entity1 ( @entity1 ) whereas descending stimulation had bimodal plasticity: @entity1 at low frequencies but short-term facilitation (STF) at high frequencies. Intracellular and pharmacological studies revealed contributions from monosynaptic excitation and stimulus time-locked inhibition but also considerable asynchronous excitation sustained from local network activity. The computer simulations showed that @entity1 in the monosynaptic excitatory input was the primary @entity1 in the sensory input whereas network excitation underlies the bimodal plasticity in the descending system. These results provide insight on the roles of plasticity in the monosynaptic and polysynaptic inputs converging on the same MN pool to overall motor plasticity.

title: The transformation of synaptic to system plasticity in motor output from the sacral cord of the adult XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Twenty @entity0 who underwent elective Caesarean section received @entity2 150 mg by mouth 8-14 h, and 50 mg i.m. 90 min, before surgery. Intraoperative gastric aspiration resulted in contents with a pH greater than 2.5 and volume less than 25 ml in all @entity0 (mean pH 6.5 (SD 0.8); mean volume 9.0 (SD 7.2) ml). Sixty @entity0 in labour, who received @entity2 50 mg i.m. 6-hourly, underwent emergency surgery. Half of this group received, in addition, a single preinduction dose of either 15 or 30 ml of @entity1 0.3 mol litre-1. A further 30 @entity0 who remained unmedicated during labour and required emergency surgery received a preinduction dose of 15 or 30 ml of @entity1 0.3 mol litre-1 alone. @entity2 medication resulted in a mean aspirated gastric volume of 31.4 (26.6) ml and pH of 5.3 (2.1); five of 30 @entity0 had a pH less than 2.5. The addition of @entity1 0.3 mol litre-1 resulted in gastric pH greater than 2.5 in all @entity0 and a mean gastric volume of 43.2 (38.3) ml. The group who received only @entity1 0.3 mol litre-1 had a mean pH of 5.3 (1.1) and a mean volume 122.7 (98.2) ml.

title: Use of i.m. XXXX for the prophylaxis of aspiration pneumonitis in obstetrics.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Precise radiographical measurement of the third ventricle in the first and essential procedure in stereotaxic surgery in order to determine the target point. This is done while referring to an available standard brain atlas such as Schaltenbrand _ Bailey. However there have been no criteria established for determining the deviation of the coordinates of the thalamic nuclei, especially in their lateral coordinates when the third ventricle is highly dilated. Therefore, in 109 cases encountered recently (81 @entity2 , 11 essential @entity4 , 10 @entity3 , 3 @entity0 , 1 @entity1 , 1 torticollis, 1 @entity5 , 1 striato-nigral degeneration), we studied the correlation between the width of the third ventricle and the lateral coordinate of the thalamic point where kinesthetic neurons or @entity4 -synchronously discharging neurons were detected. These neurons were especially related to the arm. According to the width of the third ventricle, we classified the cases into three types: 18 cases with large ventricles (more than 10 mm), 37 cases with medium-sized ventricles (4-10 mm) and 16 cases with small ventricles (less than 4 mm). By plotting the lateral coordinate of the thalamic point where kinesthetic neuron of the upper extremity was recorded in reference to the radiogram of anteroposterior view, we found that the lateral coordinates of large ventricular cases generally tended to show more lateral displacement than cases where the ventricles were narrower. Their mean lateral coordinate was 16.9 mm from midline in contrast ot 14.0 mm in cases with small ventricular width. There was a linear correlation between the width of the third ventricle and the lateral coordinate of the kinesthetic neuron of the @entity6 nucleus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Lateral coordinate of the thalamic XXXX neurons in the cases with dilated third ventricle].

answer: @entity6


abstract: During the photolysis of @entity1 a large number of products is formed. In this study, aqueous solutions of @entity1 were irradiated by ultraviolet light during 5, 20 or 40 h. Each of the irradiated batches was divided into two aliquots, which were freeze-dried or extracted with @entity2 . For each batch the latter extract was subsequently divided into a purified @entity2 extract and a @entity0 extract. Aliquots of the purified @entity2 extracts were fractionated and pooled, peakwise, into seven fractions. A recombined sample was also constructed. All extracts and samples were tested for mutagenicity using the standard Ames Salmonella assay. The results indicate an exposure time dependent increase in mutagenicity of the extracts, as seen with tester strain TA100 both with and without metabolic activation. The mutagenicity of the freeze-dried extracts well approximated the mutagenicity of the @entity2 extracts, indicating that most mutagenicity can be extracted with @entity2 . With the fractions the highest mutagenic responses were seen in the late, i.e., less lipophilic fractions. This response pattern seen in TA98 and TA100, mainly with S9 activation, was in contrast to the response of TA102 without S9, which was highest to the more lipophilic fractions. On a fraction level, no general exposure dependent increase of mutagenicity was observed. The results also show that photooxidation of @entity1 gives rise to a different spectrum of products compared to pyrolysis. Both processes result in compounds with strong biological effects. Photooxidation results in compounds with low genotoxicity and high Ah receptor affinity while pyrolysis generates compounds with high genotoxicity and low or no Ah receptor affinity.

title: Mutagenicity of XXXX photoproducts in the Ames Salmonella assay.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Because up to 40 percent of surgically treated @entity0 with @entity3 are subsequently found to be clinically understaged, a more sensitive staging modality to identify extraprostatic disease prior to surgery is required. METHODS: We describe an enhanced reverse transcriptase [RT] polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay utilizing oligonucleotide primers specific for the @entity0 @entity5 ( @entity5 ). This assay identifies @entity5 -synthesizing cells from reverse transcribed mRNA. This assay was applied to RNAs extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of 65 @entity0 with clinically @entity3 . In addition, blood from 20 @entity0 , 20 young @entity0 , 25 age-matched control @entity0 under treatment for @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and 18 @entity0 with established, untreated @entity3 was tested. RESULTS: An RT-PCR assay for @entity5 can recognize one @entity5 -expressing cell diluted into one hundred thousand lymphocytes. The sensitivity of this assay can be enhanced by the addition of @entity6 -modified nucleotides to the PCR reaction and this assay was applied to RNAs extracted from the peripheral lymphocyte fraction of 148 @entity3 @entity0 and controls at this institution. Although no specimen from @entity0 or @entity0 without @entity1 was positive in this assay, 14 of 18 @entity3 @entity0 were positive (77.8%). Additionally, 25 of 65 (38.5%) @entity0 with clinically localized disease (T1-2b) were positive from blood specimens obtained prior to surgery. Final pathologic results from this group of @entity0 identified a correlation between positivity on this assay and the presence of capsular @entity1 penetration (sensitivity, 68%; specificity, 84%) as well as strong correlation with the finding of @entity2 at the surgical margin (sensitivity, 87%; specificity, 76%). Logarithmic regression analysis of the results of the RT-PCR assay indicates its remarkable superiority to digital rectal examination, computed tomography scan, endorectal coil magnetic resonance imaging, @entity5 , @entity5 density, or Gleason score for predicting the true pathologic stage of @entity3 in these surgically treated @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: An RT-PCR assay using @entity5 primers to detect prostate cells in the peripheral circulation of surgical-candidate @entity0 is significantly correlated with capsular penetration and @entity1 -positive surgical margins. This molecular assay provides a sensitive and specific means to stage correctly apparent @entity3 prior to radical prostatectomy.

title: Molecular staging of XXXX with the use of an enhanced reverse transcriptase-PCR assay.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In eight @entity0 carotid angiography was required for evaluation of transient @entity2 . Cerebral blood flow results, angiography and clinical observations subsequently suggested the diagnosis of @entity3 . We measured plasma concentrations of substance @entity7 ), neuropeptide Y ( @entity5 ), calcitonin gene-related peptide ( @entity6 ) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in repeated blood samples obtained from the carotid artery and the internal jugular vein in conjunction with cerebral angiography followed by 4 to 6 repeated recordings of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with the intracarotid Xenon-133 injection technique. This technique is known to induce attacks of @entity4 in many sufferers. Four @entity0 developed aura symptoms. In three this was succeeded by throbbing @entity1 . Typical, @entity3 -related, focal hypoperfusion occurred in conjunction with the aura symptoms. The remaining four @entity0 had no symptoms or rCBF changes. There were no systematic or statistically significant changes over time in arterial-venous plasma concentrations or in the release rates of any of the peptides. All migraineurs had an overall elevated mean @entity6 value compared to control values from the literature. The overall plasma levels of the potent vasoconstrictor @entity5 were higher (p < 0.10) in the group that developed symptoms and rCBF changes (136 pmol/l) than in the non-symptomatic group (97 pmol/l). The difference in @entity5 levels could perhaps be associated with the focal rCBF decrease seen in the attack group.

title: Absence of vasoactive peptide release from brain to cerebral circulation during onset of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Anterior communicating @entity4 was shown in a 48-year-old @entity0 who had suffered from @entity6 ( @entity6 ) by cerebral angiography. Right pterional approach was performed on the 40th day after @entity6 . @entity2 occurred during @entity5 and temporary clip (Scoville clip) was placed at the middle of the right A1 segment for fifteen minutes. the anterior communicating @entity4 was successfully clipped and postoperative course was uneventful. But, four days after the operation, the @entity0 fell into @entity9 following generalized tonic @entity3 . Lumbar puncture showed fresh @entity6 . Consciousness recovered gradually to a lethargic state. A newly formed @entity5 was revealed on the righ A1 segment at the site of the temporary clip application by cerebral angiography performed on the seventh day after aneurysmal surgery. Second attack occurred on the 12th postoperative day and the @entity0 died on the 16th day after the operation. Postmortem findings disclosed massive subarachnoid and @entity7 from the ruptured @entity5 at the right A1 segment. Microscopic examination of the @entity5 and the right A1 segment. microscopic examination of the @entity5 and the right A1 segment showed the extensive destruction of the artery and massive proliferation of aspergillus in the arterial wall which was prominent of its outer layer. The mechanism of the formation of the new @entity5 in this case was considered as follows: the arterial wall was primarily damaged by the temporary clip and was weakened rapidly by the invasion of aspergillus, probably producing @entity8 of the vast vasorum, @entity7 , and @entity1 in it.

title: [A rare case of XXXX at the site of temporary clip application].

answer: @entity4


abstract: A case of a 56-year-old Korean @entity0 with @entity9 was reported. This case demonstrated the first successful treatment with @entity7 in Japan and also the usefulness of a low-dose regime in the treatment of @entity9 . The @entity0 was admitted to our hospital with a 7 years history of generalized @entity5 and a 6 months history of gait disturbance. He had 6 subcutaneous nodules. A CT scan of the brain showed @entity2 containing a small calcification and the largest lesion measured 5 cm in diameter in the cerebellar vermis. Posterior fossa craniectomy was performed and the cyst was pathologically confirmed as @entity8 . A month postoperatively the @entity0 was given @entity7 50 mg/kg body weight in 3 divided doses per day. But medication with @entity7 was stopped on the 5th day because of severe @entity1 , @entity3 and @entity4 . He was readmitted 6 months later with appearance of gait disturbance, left facial paresis and @entity6 . A CT scan revealed enlargement of some of the residual cysts. The @entity0 was then given smaller doses of @entity7 8 mg/kg body weight in 3 divided doses with steroid cover for 48 days. He experienced no side effect during the therapy and became free from the neurological symptoms. A CT scan showed complete disappearance and only numerous small calcifications of the cysts.

title: [Successful treatment of XXXX with @entity7 ].

answer: @entity9


abstract: A case of a 56-year-old Korean @entity0 with @entity9 was reported. This case demonstrated the first successful treatment with @entity7 in Japan and also the usefulness of a low-dose regime in the treatment of @entity9 . The @entity0 was admitted to our hospital with a 7 years history of generalized @entity5 and a 6 months history of gait disturbance. He had 6 subcutaneous nodules. A CT scan of the brain showed @entity2 containing a small calcification and the largest lesion measured 5 cm in diameter in the cerebellar vermis. Posterior fossa craniectomy was performed and the cyst was pathologically confirmed as @entity8 . A month postoperatively the @entity0 was given @entity7 50 mg/kg body weight in 3 divided doses per day. But medication with @entity7 was stopped on the 5th day because of severe @entity1 , @entity3 and @entity4 . He was readmitted 6 months later with appearance of gait disturbance, left facial paresis and @entity6 . A CT scan revealed enlargement of some of the residual cysts. The @entity0 was then given smaller doses of @entity7 8 mg/kg body weight in 3 divided doses with steroid cover for 48 days. He experienced no side effect during the therapy and became free from the neurological symptoms. A CT scan showed complete disappearance and only numerous small calcifications of the cysts.

title: [Successful treatment of @entity9 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: 1. Free and membrane-bound polyribosomes and ribosomal monomers were isolated from normal and @entity2 @entity0 spleens by means of discontinuous sucrose density gradients. 2. The addition of @entity4 from @entity1 liver was essential to protect these polyribosomes from degradation. To separate the smooth and rough membranes from ribosomal monomers an additional centrifugation step through a continuous sucrose density gradient was necessary. 3. After infection a marked increase in rRNA from both membrane-bound and free polyribosomes was observed. Treatment of the membrane-bound polyribosomes with @entity3 yielded only 80S particles even when @entity4 was added. 4. A striking feature of the infected spleen was the occurrence of large polyribosomes. Up to 40 monomers per polyribosome could be counted on electron micrographs.

title: Free and membrane-bound polyribosomes in normal and XXXX @entity0 spleen cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Free and membrane-bound polyribosomes and ribosomal monomers were isolated from normal and @entity2 @entity0 spleens by means of discontinuous sucrose density gradients. 2. The addition of @entity4 from @entity1 liver was essential to protect these polyribosomes from degradation. To separate the smooth and rough membranes from ribosomal monomers an additional centrifugation step through a continuous sucrose density gradient was necessary. 3. After infection a marked increase in rRNA from both membrane-bound and free polyribosomes was observed. Treatment of the membrane-bound polyribosomes with @entity3 yielded only 80S particles even when @entity4 was added. 4. A striking feature of the infected spleen was the occurrence of large polyribosomes. Up to 40 monomers per polyribosome could be counted on electron micrographs.

title: Free and membrane-bound polyribosomes in normal and @entity2 XXXX spleen cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that intestinal motility is delayed after hepatectomy, which alters the ecology of the enteric microflora and contributes to the development of bacterial translocation from the gut. DESIGN: Open experimental study. SETTING: University department of surgery. MATERIAL: Adult male @entity0 (n = 6 in each group at each time point). INTERVENTIONS: Sham operation, 90% hepatectomy, and @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Intestinal morphology, immunocytochemistry of the enteric nervous system, enteric bacterial growth in the small intestine and colon, and intestinal transit time. RESULTS: Intestinal transit was already delayed one hour after 90% hepatectomy, and histopathological alterations and @entity4 by @entity2 had developed after two hours. There were significant differences in intestinal transit time between sham operated @entity0 and those subjected to @entity1 on the one hand, and those that underwent 90% hepatectomy on the other. There was no difference in intestinal transit time between @entity0 with @entity1 and the sham operated animals. CONCLUSION: Delayed intestinal transit after 90% hepatectomy may contribute to enteric @entity3 and thereby contribute to the development of bacterial translocation from the gut.

title: The association between enteric XXXX and gastrointestinal motility after subtotal liver resection or portal vein obstruction in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that intestinal motility is delayed after hepatectomy, which alters the ecology of the enteric microflora and contributes to the development of bacterial translocation from the gut. DESIGN: Open experimental study. SETTING: University department of surgery. MATERIAL: Adult male @entity0 (n = 6 in each group at each time point). INTERVENTIONS: Sham operation, 90% hepatectomy, and @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Intestinal morphology, immunocytochemistry of the enteric nervous system, enteric bacterial growth in the small intestine and colon, and intestinal transit time. RESULTS: Intestinal transit was already delayed one hour after 90% hepatectomy, and histopathological alterations and @entity4 by @entity2 had developed after two hours. There were significant differences in intestinal transit time between sham operated @entity0 and those subjected to @entity1 on the one hand, and those that underwent 90% hepatectomy on the other. There was no difference in intestinal transit time between @entity0 with @entity1 and the sham operated animals. CONCLUSION: Delayed intestinal transit after 90% hepatectomy may contribute to enteric @entity3 and thereby contribute to the development of bacterial translocation from the gut.

title: The association between enteric @entity3 and gastrointestinal motility after subtotal liver resection or portal vein obstruction in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relation between normal @entity0 fetal growth and the levels of insulin-like growth factors ( @entity1 , @entity3 ), their receptors, and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in both the maternal and fetal compartments. METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from normal pregnant @entity0 (n = 52) and their fetuses (n = 32) via funipuncture at 21-34 weeks' gestation (mean 29 +/- 4.3) and from term neonates (n = 20) between 38-41 weeks (mean 39 +/- 0.9). Neonates were divided into two groups: the "large" group, whose weights were above the mean for gestational age, and the "small" group, whose weights were below the mean. Aliquots of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and serum samples were analyzed for levels of @entity1 , @entity3 , and @entity2 . Type 1 IGF receptors were assayed from placental extracts of first-trimester elective abortions and from term deliveries. RESULTS: Fetal @entity1 serum levels remained stable throughout most of pregnancy until 34 weeks' gestation (56 +/- 30 ng/mL). Thereafter, @entity1 increased significantly until term (79 +/- 8 ng/mL) (P < .05). Fetal @entity3 levels were relatively unchanged from 23 weeks to term except for a significant increase at 34 weeks. Fetal serum levels of @entity2 averaged 0.8 +/- 0.05 microgram/mL up to 30 weeks' gestation and then increased slightly toward term, at 0.96 +/- 0.05 micrograms/mL. At term, the levels of @entity1 and @entity3 in the @entity4 were not different from the levels in the neonatal serum, but were lower (P < .005) than those in maternal blood. All placental tissue obtained from first-trimester terminations of pregnancy assayed positive for IGF type 1 receptors. There was a direct correlation between neonatal weight and the levels of @entity1 (P < .02), but not with the levels of @entity3 . There were no significant correlations between newborn weights and @entity2 , or maternal serum levels of @entity1 and @entity3 . Amniotic fluid @entity1 and @entity3 levels were almost similar to fetal serum levels. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate the presence of type 1 receptors and the bioavailability of @entity1 , @entity3 , and @entity2 throughout pregnancy. Insulin-like growth factor-I is shown to be adjunctively and directly associated with fetal size in normal pregnancies. The precise role that IGFs play in deviant fetal growth or whether IGFs can be used to treat reduced fetal growth remains unknown and awaits further investigation.

title: The relation between XXXX fetal growth and fetal blood levels of insulin-like growth factors I and II, their binding proteins, and receptors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In this study we addressed the questions as to whether repair is confined to the nuclear matrix compartment, analogous to replication and transcription and how repair events are distributed in DNA loops associated with the nuclear matrix. Pulse labelling of ultraviolet (254 nm) irradiated confluent @entity0 fibroblasts revealed that repair was preferentially located in nuclear matrix associated DNA in cells exposed to 5 J/m2. However, in cells exposed to 30 J/m2 repair approached a random distribution. The non-random distribution of repair label at 5 J/m2 was most pronounced directly after irradiation and gradually changed to a more random distribution within two hours after treatment. The results of pulse-chase experiments exclude the possibility of transient binding of repair sites to the matrix and favour the model of preferential repair of DNA sequences permanently associated with the nuclear matrix. Pronounced differences in distribution pattern of repair events in DNA loops were found among normal and UV-sensitive cell lines exposed to 5 J/m2. Repair in nuclear matrix associated DNA was 1.7 fold more efficient than in loop DNA in normal and @entity1 group D cells and over 3 fold in @entity1 group C cells. In @entity3 fibroblasts repair in nuclear matrix DNA was found to be 2 fold less efficient than in loop DNA. This heterogeneity in distribution of repair correlates well with preferential removal of @entity2 dimers from transcriptionally active DNA in normal and @entity1 group C cells and its absence in @entity3 cells as recently reported by Mayne et al., 1988. The results suggest that @entity3 cells have a defect in excision of UV-damage from transcriptionally active genes located proximal to the nuclear matrix. @entity1 group C cells may possess a defect in DNA repair associated with chromatin regions outside transcriptionally active DNA.

title: Nuclear matrix associated DNA is preferentially repaired in normal @entity0 fibroblasts, exposed to a low dose of ultraviolet light but not in XXXX fibroblasts.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In this study we addressed the questions as to whether repair is confined to the nuclear matrix compartment, analogous to replication and transcription and how repair events are distributed in DNA loops associated with the nuclear matrix. Pulse labelling of ultraviolet (254 nm) irradiated confluent @entity0 fibroblasts revealed that repair was preferentially located in nuclear matrix associated DNA in cells exposed to 5 J/m2. However, in cells exposed to 30 J/m2 repair approached a random distribution. The non-random distribution of repair label at 5 J/m2 was most pronounced directly after irradiation and gradually changed to a more random distribution within two hours after treatment. The results of pulse-chase experiments exclude the possibility of transient binding of repair sites to the matrix and favour the model of preferential repair of DNA sequences permanently associated with the nuclear matrix. Pronounced differences in distribution pattern of repair events in DNA loops were found among normal and UV-sensitive cell lines exposed to 5 J/m2. Repair in nuclear matrix associated DNA was 1.7 fold more efficient than in loop DNA in normal and @entity1 group D cells and over 3 fold in @entity1 group C cells. In @entity3 fibroblasts repair in nuclear matrix DNA was found to be 2 fold less efficient than in loop DNA. This heterogeneity in distribution of repair correlates well with preferential removal of @entity2 dimers from transcriptionally active DNA in normal and @entity1 group C cells and its absence in @entity3 cells as recently reported by Mayne et al., 1988. The results suggest that @entity3 cells have a defect in excision of UV-damage from transcriptionally active genes located proximal to the nuclear matrix. @entity1 group C cells may possess a defect in DNA repair associated with chromatin regions outside transcriptionally active DNA.

title: Nuclear matrix associated DNA is preferentially repaired in normal XXXX fibroblasts, exposed to a low dose of ultraviolet light but not in @entity3 fibroblasts.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. The effects of the @entity1 receptor agonist, @entity3 (DZ), and the inverse agonist, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), on @entity2 ( @entity4 ) receptor single channel currents were characterized. Outside-out patches were obtained from somata of cultured @entity0 spinal cord neurones and voltage clamped at -75 mV (ECl = 0 mV). 2. @entity2 (2 microM) alone or with DZ (20-1000 nM) or @entity5 (20-100 nM) was applied to patches by pressure ejection from blunt micropipettes. DZ enhanced @entity4 receptor currents with an inverted U-shaped concentration-response curve. Mean steady-state currents were increased by low concentrations of DZ (20-50 nM). At higher concentrations of DZ, the enhancement was diminished. Mean steady-state currents were decreased by @entity5 at all concentrations. 3. @entity4 receptor channels opened most frequently to a 27 pS main conductance level and less frequently to a 19 pS subconductance level. Neither DZ nor @entity5 altered the proportion of time spent at either of the conductance levels. The kinetic properties of the main conductance level were studied. 4. Neither DZ nor @entity5 altered the mean @entity4 receptor channel open or burst durations. Sums of three exponential functions were required to fit best open and burst duration-frequency histograms for @entity2 alone or with DZ or @entity5 . No significant changes in the three time constants or areas of the three exponential functions for open or burst duration histograms were produced by DZ or @entity5 . 5. With increasing concentrations of DZ up to 50 nM, @entity2 evoked an increased frequency of channel openings and bursts. With higher DZ concentrations, the magnitudes of the increase in channel opening and burst frequencies were reduced. At all concentrations of @entity5 , @entity2 evoked a decreased frequency of channel openings and bursts. 6. Closed duration-frequency histograms for @entity2 alone or with DZ or @entity5 were best fitted by sums of at least six exponential functions. The three shortest closed duration time constants were unchanged by DZ or @entity5 . The three longest closed duration time constants were altered by DZ and @entity5 , consistent with alterations in opening frequency. 7. DZ increased and @entity5 decreased steady-state @entity4 receptor current by increasing or decreasing channel opening frequency without altering mean channel open duration. We propose that DZ and @entity5 alter @entity4 receptor current by acting reciprocally to increase or decrease only, respectively, the apparent agonist association rate at the first of two proposed @entity2 binding steps without altering channel gating.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity1 and beta-carboline regulation of single XXXX receptor channels of @entity0 spinal neurones in culture.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. The effects of the @entity1 receptor agonist, @entity3 (DZ), and the inverse agonist, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), on @entity2 ( @entity4 ) receptor single channel currents were characterized. Outside-out patches were obtained from somata of cultured @entity0 spinal cord neurones and voltage clamped at -75 mV (ECl = 0 mV). 2. @entity2 (2 microM) alone or with DZ (20-1000 nM) or @entity5 (20-100 nM) was applied to patches by pressure ejection from blunt micropipettes. DZ enhanced @entity4 receptor currents with an inverted U-shaped concentration-response curve. Mean steady-state currents were increased by low concentrations of DZ (20-50 nM). At higher concentrations of DZ, the enhancement was diminished. Mean steady-state currents were decreased by @entity5 at all concentrations. 3. @entity4 receptor channels opened most frequently to a 27 pS main conductance level and less frequently to a 19 pS subconductance level. Neither DZ nor @entity5 altered the proportion of time spent at either of the conductance levels. The kinetic properties of the main conductance level were studied. 4. Neither DZ nor @entity5 altered the mean @entity4 receptor channel open or burst durations. Sums of three exponential functions were required to fit best open and burst duration-frequency histograms for @entity2 alone or with DZ or @entity5 . No significant changes in the three time constants or areas of the three exponential functions for open or burst duration histograms were produced by DZ or @entity5 . 5. With increasing concentrations of DZ up to 50 nM, @entity2 evoked an increased frequency of channel openings and bursts. With higher DZ concentrations, the magnitudes of the increase in channel opening and burst frequencies were reduced. At all concentrations of @entity5 , @entity2 evoked a decreased frequency of channel openings and bursts. 6. Closed duration-frequency histograms for @entity2 alone or with DZ or @entity5 were best fitted by sums of at least six exponential functions. The three shortest closed duration time constants were unchanged by DZ or @entity5 . The three longest closed duration time constants were altered by DZ and @entity5 , consistent with alterations in opening frequency. 7. DZ increased and @entity5 decreased steady-state @entity4 receptor current by increasing or decreasing channel opening frequency without altering mean channel open duration. We propose that DZ and @entity5 alter @entity4 receptor current by acting reciprocally to increase or decrease only, respectively, the apparent agonist association rate at the first of two proposed @entity2 binding steps without altering channel gating.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: XXXX and beta-carboline regulation of single @entity4 receptor channels of @entity0 spinal neurones in culture.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. The effects of the @entity1 receptor agonist, @entity3 (DZ), and the inverse agonist, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), on @entity2 ( @entity4 ) receptor single channel currents were characterized. Outside-out patches were obtained from somata of cultured @entity0 spinal cord neurones and voltage clamped at -75 mV (ECl = 0 mV). 2. @entity2 (2 microM) alone or with DZ (20-1000 nM) or @entity5 (20-100 nM) was applied to patches by pressure ejection from blunt micropipettes. DZ enhanced @entity4 receptor currents with an inverted U-shaped concentration-response curve. Mean steady-state currents were increased by low concentrations of DZ (20-50 nM). At higher concentrations of DZ, the enhancement was diminished. Mean steady-state currents were decreased by @entity5 at all concentrations. 3. @entity4 receptor channels opened most frequently to a 27 pS main conductance level and less frequently to a 19 pS subconductance level. Neither DZ nor @entity5 altered the proportion of time spent at either of the conductance levels. The kinetic properties of the main conductance level were studied. 4. Neither DZ nor @entity5 altered the mean @entity4 receptor channel open or burst durations. Sums of three exponential functions were required to fit best open and burst duration-frequency histograms for @entity2 alone or with DZ or @entity5 . No significant changes in the three time constants or areas of the three exponential functions for open or burst duration histograms were produced by DZ or @entity5 . 5. With increasing concentrations of DZ up to 50 nM, @entity2 evoked an increased frequency of channel openings and bursts. With higher DZ concentrations, the magnitudes of the increase in channel opening and burst frequencies were reduced. At all concentrations of @entity5 , @entity2 evoked a decreased frequency of channel openings and bursts. 6. Closed duration-frequency histograms for @entity2 alone or with DZ or @entity5 were best fitted by sums of at least six exponential functions. The three shortest closed duration time constants were unchanged by DZ or @entity5 . The three longest closed duration time constants were altered by DZ and @entity5 , consistent with alterations in opening frequency. 7. DZ increased and @entity5 decreased steady-state @entity4 receptor current by increasing or decreasing channel opening frequency without altering mean channel open duration. We propose that DZ and @entity5 alter @entity4 receptor current by acting reciprocally to increase or decrease only, respectively, the apparent agonist association rate at the first of two proposed @entity2 binding steps without altering channel gating.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity1 and beta-carboline regulation of single @entity4 receptor channels of XXXX spinal neurones in culture.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity6 , although rare, is the most common primary @entity1 of the liver in @entity0 . In this paper we describe a case of @entity6 with unusual cytologic features and present the histologic, immunocytochemical and ultrastructural features of this @entity1 . A 7-month-old @entity0 presented with a large hepatic mass and metastatic nodules in both lungs. Intraoperative biopsy revealed a @entity6 . Aspiration biopsy yielded a highly cellular aspirate with cords of pleomorphic cells embedded in a mucoid matrix. Histologic sections showed a diffusely infiltrative @entity1 composed of sheets and cords of highly pleomorphic cells. The neoplastic cells stained strongly positive for cytokeratin CAM 5.2 and @entity4 and focally positive for @entity3 , ferritin, carcinoembryonic antigen and @entity5 . Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells had abundant intercellular junctions and intracytoplasmic aggregates of intermediate filaments. A mucoid matrix, to our knowledge, has not been reported as a finding on aspiration biopsy. This @entity0 presented with pulmonary metastases, and thus we think the mucoid matrix may be a marker of a more @entity2 . This case illustrates additional cytologic features of @entity6 and the usefulness of aspiration biopsy in the rapid diagnosis of this rare @entity1 .

title: XXXX . Report of a case with cytologic, histologic and ultrastructural findings.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Starting from May, 1991, 35 untreated @entity4 @entity0 entered a multicentric pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of a program of PBSC transplantation for previously untreated @entity4 @entity0 . The schedule was as follows: 2 cycles of VAD followed by CY, 7 g/mq+ @entity3 (Granulokine, Roche) for 14 days, to increase and collect PBSC. The subsequent conditioning regimen was Melphalan+Busulfan followed by @entity3 . As maintenance R alpha-2 IFN was given, until relapse. The median follow-up is 14 months (4-22). On April 1993, 34 @entity0 received at least 2 cycles of VAD, 27 were submitted to PBSC collection, 22 received conditioning regimen plus PBSC and 16 of them are in the maintenance treatment with IFN. Considering 28 @entity0 for an intention to treat evaluation (35-7 in treatment), responding @entity0 are 71% with 46% who achieved CR. White cells and platelets raised to > 1000/mmc and > 50,000/mmc after a median period of 10 and 13 days, from CY, and 11 and 14 days from transplant, respectively. Two @entity0 relapsed, 2 others died while in PR because of @entity6 epatitis and @entity1 . The median number of @entity5 + cells and CFU-GM was 24.75 x 10(6)/kg b.w. and 28.1 x 10(4)/kg b.w. respectively. In conclusion this treatment seems to be feasible and with low @entity2 , but a longer follow-up is needed to evaluate the progression free survival of the high proportion of responding @entity0 that we observed.

title: Treatment of XXXX with autologous blood stem cell transplantation. Preliminary results of an Italian multicentric pilot study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the outcome of radiotherapy in @entity0 with increased serum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) levels 6 months or more after radical prostatectomy. DESIGN: In 27 Mayo Clinic @entity0 , we examined the results of radiotherapy relative to various potentially prognostic factors during a median follow-up of 25 months. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All 27 @entity0 had no nodal involvement at the time of prostatectomy and no clinical evidence of disease, as determined by history, physical examination, a radionuclide bone scan, computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis, chest roentgenography, complete blood cell counts, and serum chemistry profiles. With use of 10-MV photons and a four-field approach, these @entity0 received irradiation to the prostatic bed (60 to 67 Gy in 1.8- to 2.0-Gy fractions). RESULTS: Levels of @entity3 initially decreased in 24 of the 27 @entity0 (89%). In 16 of the 27 @entity0 (59%), the @entity3 level decreased to 0.3 ng/mL or less without hormonal intervention. "Freedom from failure" (defined as the actuarial chance of maintaining a @entity3 level of 0.3 ng/mL or less) was 58% at 2 years and 48% at 3 years. The response to salvage radiotherapy was more favorable in @entity0 with no @entity1 spread into the seminal vesicles and those with serum @entity3 levels of less than 1.1 ng/mL at the beginning of radiotherapy than in those with seminal vesicle involvement or higher @entity3 levels. In addition, @entity0 who received radiation doses of 64 Gy or more had more favorable responses than did those who received lesser doses. Radiotherapy resulted in no severe @entity2 . No @entity0 had clinical evidence of disease at the time of this report. CONCLUSION: Isolated increases in serum @entity3 after prostatectomy indicate the presence of residual or recurrent disease, and radiotherapy effectively decreases the @entity3 in approximately half the cases. This result is achieved by eradicating residual or recurrent @entity1 bed.

title: Radiotherapy for isolated increases in serum XXXX levels after radical prostatectomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: From December 1988 to February 1991, 112 consecutive @entity1 were submitted to @entity7 + @entity6 chemotherapy as first-line treatment for @entity0 . @entity7 (75 mg/m2) was given every 3 weeks and @entity6 (10 mg/m2) every 6 weeks. Only @entity1 with visceral involvement or with a disease-free interval of less than 12 months were considered eligible. 102 @entity1 were evaluated for response and @entity4 in the present analysis. The main sites of involvement were viscera, soft tissues, bone in 71 (69.6%), 19 (18.6%) and 12 (11.8%) @entity1 , respectively. Multiple site involvement was present in 66 (64.7%) cases. A total of 726 courses of therapy were administered (range 2-14; mean 7.2). Follow-up ranged from 96 to 210 weeks (median follow-up 138 weeks). Response rate was complete response (CR): 21.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) +/- 0.8], partial response (PR) 49.0% (95% CI +/- 0.1), @entity2 ( @entity2 ) 12.7% (95% CI +/- 0.1), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) 16.7% (95% CI +/- 0.1), CR + PR: 70.6% (95% CI +/- 0.1). Median values of survival and time to progression were 79.4 and 42 weeks, respectively. At 2 years, 37.2 +/- 4.7% and 12.8 +/- 3.3% of the @entity1 , respectively, were alive or without evidence of progression. @entity4 was generally mild. One hundred and four (14.3%) cycles in 53 @entity1 were delayed due to haematological (82) or cardiac (3) @entity4 , @entity5 (11) or causes not related to the treatment (8).

title: Combination chemotherapy with XXXX and @entity6 as first-line treatment in @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: From December 1988 to February 1991, 112 consecutive @entity1 were submitted to @entity7 + @entity6 chemotherapy as first-line treatment for @entity0 . @entity7 (75 mg/m2) was given every 3 weeks and @entity6 (10 mg/m2) every 6 weeks. Only @entity1 with visceral involvement or with a disease-free interval of less than 12 months were considered eligible. 102 @entity1 were evaluated for response and @entity4 in the present analysis. The main sites of involvement were viscera, soft tissues, bone in 71 (69.6%), 19 (18.6%) and 12 (11.8%) @entity1 , respectively. Multiple site involvement was present in 66 (64.7%) cases. A total of 726 courses of therapy were administered (range 2-14; mean 7.2). Follow-up ranged from 96 to 210 weeks (median follow-up 138 weeks). Response rate was complete response (CR): 21.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) +/- 0.8], partial response (PR) 49.0% (95% CI +/- 0.1), @entity2 ( @entity2 ) 12.7% (95% CI +/- 0.1), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) 16.7% (95% CI +/- 0.1), CR + PR: 70.6% (95% CI +/- 0.1). Median values of survival and time to progression were 79.4 and 42 weeks, respectively. At 2 years, 37.2 +/- 4.7% and 12.8 +/- 3.3% of the @entity1 , respectively, were alive or without evidence of progression. @entity4 was generally mild. One hundred and four (14.3%) cycles in 53 @entity1 were delayed due to haematological (82) or cardiac (3) @entity4 , @entity5 (11) or causes not related to the treatment (8).

title: Combination chemotherapy with @entity7 and XXXX as first-line treatment in @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: From December 1988 to February 1991, 112 consecutive @entity1 were submitted to @entity7 + @entity6 chemotherapy as first-line treatment for @entity0 . @entity7 (75 mg/m2) was given every 3 weeks and @entity6 (10 mg/m2) every 6 weeks. Only @entity1 with visceral involvement or with a disease-free interval of less than 12 months were considered eligible. 102 @entity1 were evaluated for response and @entity4 in the present analysis. The main sites of involvement were viscera, soft tissues, bone in 71 (69.6%), 19 (18.6%) and 12 (11.8%) @entity1 , respectively. Multiple site involvement was present in 66 (64.7%) cases. A total of 726 courses of therapy were administered (range 2-14; mean 7.2). Follow-up ranged from 96 to 210 weeks (median follow-up 138 weeks). Response rate was complete response (CR): 21.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) +/- 0.8], partial response (PR) 49.0% (95% CI +/- 0.1), @entity2 ( @entity2 ) 12.7% (95% CI +/- 0.1), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) 16.7% (95% CI +/- 0.1), CR + PR: 70.6% (95% CI +/- 0.1). Median values of survival and time to progression were 79.4 and 42 weeks, respectively. At 2 years, 37.2 +/- 4.7% and 12.8 +/- 3.3% of the @entity1 , respectively, were alive or without evidence of progression. @entity4 was generally mild. One hundred and four (14.3%) cycles in 53 @entity1 were delayed due to haematological (82) or cardiac (3) @entity4 , @entity5 (11) or causes not related to the treatment (8).

title: Combination chemotherapy with @entity7 and @entity6 as first-line treatment in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The involvement of @entity2 and @entity6 receptors in @entity8 was studied by intracerebroventricular injections of @entity2 , GDEE, @entity6 and @entity7 in WAG/Rij @entity1 . The WAG/Rij @entity1 is recognized as an animal model for @entity0 @entity5 . EEG registrations showed that @entity2 (0.1 pmol/5 microliters; 1 pmol/5 microliters; 10 pmol/5 microliters) dose-dependently increased the nonconvulsive @entity5 while GDEE (0.2 mumol/5 microliters; 1 mumol/5 microliters; 5 umol/5 microliters) caused a dose-dependent decrease. All effects of GDEE could be blocked by an inactive @entity2 dosage. @entity6 (0.01 nmol/5 microliters; 0.1 nmol/5 microliters; 0.15 nmol/5 microliters) had no effects on the @entity8 but induced @entity4 in the two highest dosages. @entity7 (50 nmol/5 microliters; 100 nmol/5 microliters; 500 nmol/5 microliters) decreased dose-dependently the incidence of @entity8 . The effect of @entity7 could be blocked by a nonconvulsive dosage of @entity6 . These results show that the @entity2 and @entity6 receptor appear to be involved in @entity8 . Furthermore, blockage of these two receptor subtypes led to an antiepileptic effect without inducing behavioural alterations. Therefore, selective @entity2 and @entity6 receptor antagonists might be potent anti- @entity3 .

title: The WAG/Rij @entity1 model for nonconvulsive XXXX : involvement of nonNMDA receptors.

answer: @entity5