abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of high-dose intravenous @entity1 pulse therapy followed by 3-month oral @entity1 therapy for Graves' @entity6 . METHODS: We selected 41 Japanese @entity0 (age range, 21-76 years; mean = 49 years) who had active Graves' @entity6 among 205 consecutive @entity0 examined at Sapporo Medical University Hospital between 1997 and 1999. In a prospective study, we investigated the effect on the 41 @entity0 of high-dose intravenous @entity5 pulse therapy (1 g/day x 3 days x 3 times) followed by 3-month oral @entity2 therapy. Coronal computed tomography (CT) of the orbit, exophthalmometry and monocular fixation field measured by Goldmann perimetry were carried out before the @entity1 pulse therapy, and 1 and 6 months after the @entity1 pulse therapy. The maximum coronal section area of the rectus muscle in each eye was measured using an orbital CT image. RESULTS: Extraocular muscle @entity4 was significantly reduced 1 and 6 months after the pulse therapy (paired t-test, P <.01), and was not significantly different between 1 and 6 months after the pulse therapy. Proptosis was not significantly reduced by the pulse therapy. Monocular fixation fields were measured in 34 @entity0 with @entity3 , and limitation of eye movements was improved in 15 @entity0 (44%) by the pulse therapy. In the other @entity0 , improvement of the limitation was not detectable by the test of the monocular fixation field. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment in this study is effective for extraocular muscle @entity4 , and relapse was minimum within 6 months. However, this treatment has limited effect on limitation of eye movements and less effect on proptosis.

title: Effect of high-dose intravenous XXXX pulse therapy followed by 3-month oral @entity1 therapy for Graves' @entity6 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of high-dose intravenous @entity1 pulse therapy followed by 3-month oral @entity1 therapy for Graves' @entity6 . METHODS: We selected 41 Japanese @entity0 (age range, 21-76 years; mean = 49 years) who had active Graves' @entity6 among 205 consecutive @entity0 examined at Sapporo Medical University Hospital between 1997 and 1999. In a prospective study, we investigated the effect on the 41 @entity0 of high-dose intravenous @entity5 pulse therapy (1 g/day x 3 days x 3 times) followed by 3-month oral @entity2 therapy. Coronal computed tomography (CT) of the orbit, exophthalmometry and monocular fixation field measured by Goldmann perimetry were carried out before the @entity1 pulse therapy, and 1 and 6 months after the @entity1 pulse therapy. The maximum coronal section area of the rectus muscle in each eye was measured using an orbital CT image. RESULTS: Extraocular muscle @entity4 was significantly reduced 1 and 6 months after the pulse therapy (paired t-test, P <.01), and was not significantly different between 1 and 6 months after the pulse therapy. Proptosis was not significantly reduced by the pulse therapy. Monocular fixation fields were measured in 34 @entity0 with @entity3 , and limitation of eye movements was improved in 15 @entity0 (44%) by the pulse therapy. In the other @entity0 , improvement of the limitation was not detectable by the test of the monocular fixation field. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment in this study is effective for extraocular muscle @entity4 , and relapse was minimum within 6 months. However, this treatment has limited effect on limitation of eye movements and less effect on proptosis.

title: Effect of high-dose intravenous @entity1 pulse therapy followed by 3-month oral XXXX therapy for Graves' @entity6 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of high-dose intravenous @entity1 pulse therapy followed by 3-month oral @entity1 therapy for Graves' @entity6 . METHODS: We selected 41 Japanese @entity0 (age range, 21-76 years; mean = 49 years) who had active Graves' @entity6 among 205 consecutive @entity0 examined at Sapporo Medical University Hospital between 1997 and 1999. In a prospective study, we investigated the effect on the 41 @entity0 of high-dose intravenous @entity5 pulse therapy (1 g/day x 3 days x 3 times) followed by 3-month oral @entity2 therapy. Coronal computed tomography (CT) of the orbit, exophthalmometry and monocular fixation field measured by Goldmann perimetry were carried out before the @entity1 pulse therapy, and 1 and 6 months after the @entity1 pulse therapy. The maximum coronal section area of the rectus muscle in each eye was measured using an orbital CT image. RESULTS: Extraocular muscle @entity4 was significantly reduced 1 and 6 months after the pulse therapy (paired t-test, P <.01), and was not significantly different between 1 and 6 months after the pulse therapy. Proptosis was not significantly reduced by the pulse therapy. Monocular fixation fields were measured in 34 @entity0 with @entity3 , and limitation of eye movements was improved in 15 @entity0 (44%) by the pulse therapy. In the other @entity0 , improvement of the limitation was not detectable by the test of the monocular fixation field. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment in this study is effective for extraocular muscle @entity4 , and relapse was minimum within 6 months. However, this treatment has limited effect on limitation of eye movements and less effect on proptosis.

title: Effect of high-dose intravenous @entity1 pulse therapy followed by 3-month oral @entity1 therapy for Graves' XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Few estimates of the survival rates ofwas @entity3 have been reported from the Asia region. In this study, we aim to describe the survival and clinical characteristics of 96 @entity3 cases treated at Chang Gung Medical Center, Taipei, between 1978 and 2000. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of 96 @entity0 (116 eyes) diagnosed with @entity3 and treated between 1978 and 2000. Information on sex, laterality, age at diagnosis, presenting signs, @entity2 , treatment modality, survival rate, and family history were collected. RESULTS: Seventy-six (79.2%) cases were unilateral and 20 (20.8%) were bilateral. The mean age overall at the time of diagnosis was 24.7 months; in unilateral cases, 27.1 months; and in bilateral cases, 15.6 months. The most common presenting signs were leukocoria (75 cases, 78.1.0%), @entity4 (34 cases, 35.4%), proptosis (16 cases, 16.7%), and strabismus (12 cases, 12.5%). Forty-two eyes had orbital extension, 27 @entity0 had central nervous system invasion, 16 cases exhibited bone marrow involvement, and 3 cases had liver @entity1 . Three (3.1%) @entity0 had a family history of @entity3 . None of the cases developed a secondary @entity2 . The 3-year cumulative survival rate of the 96 @entity0 was 64.41% (unilateral, 71.97%; bilateral 40.01%). CONCLUSIONS: The mortality was much higher than that in reports on Western and Japanese @entity0 . Delayed diagnosis with frequent extraocular spread at the time of diagnosis caused the low survival rate. Fewer familial cases were encountered in our study than in other studies.

title: XXXX in Taiwan: survival and clinical characteristics 1978-2000.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is common in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and is associated with poor quality of life and prognosis. Early acute studies using transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) to treat @entity6 in @entity5 have shown a significantly reduction of @entity6 and improvement of key polysomnographic parameters. In this study, we evaluated the safety of and efficiency chronic transvenous PNS with an implanted neurostimulator in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity6 . METHODS: This study was a prospective, nonrandomized evaluation of unilateral transvenous PNS in eight @entity5 @entity0 with @entity6 . The stimulation lead, which connected to a proprietary neurostimulator, was positioned in either the left pericardiophrenic or right brachiocephalic vein. Monitoring during implantation and 6-monthly follow-ups were performed. RESULTS: Six of the implanted eight @entity0 completed the study (one was lost to follow-up; one died from @entity2 ). Neither side effects nor adverse events related to stimulation occurred. During the 6-monthly follow-ups, one @entity0 had a lead dislodgement in the first month and the lead was subsequently repositioned. No additional lead dislodgements occurred. There were no significant changes in sleep habits, appetite, @entity4 or @entity3 . Compared with the parameters before stimulator implantation, there were significant improvement in @entity1 index, central apnea index, left ventricular ejection fraction and 6-min walk distance (all P   <   0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Use of chronic transvenous PNS appears to be safe and feasible in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity6 . Large multicenter studies are needed to confirm safety and efficacy in this population.

title: Safety and feasibility of chronic transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation for treatment of central sleep apnea in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is common in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and is associated with poor quality of life and prognosis. Early acute studies using transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) to treat @entity6 in @entity5 have shown a significantly reduction of @entity6 and improvement of key polysomnographic parameters. In this study, we evaluated the safety of and efficiency chronic transvenous PNS with an implanted neurostimulator in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity6 . METHODS: This study was a prospective, nonrandomized evaluation of unilateral transvenous PNS in eight @entity5 @entity0 with @entity6 . The stimulation lead, which connected to a proprietary neurostimulator, was positioned in either the left pericardiophrenic or right brachiocephalic vein. Monitoring during implantation and 6-monthly follow-ups were performed. RESULTS: Six of the implanted eight @entity0 completed the study (one was lost to follow-up; one died from @entity2 ). Neither side effects nor adverse events related to stimulation occurred. During the 6-monthly follow-ups, one @entity0 had a lead dislodgement in the first month and the lead was subsequently repositioned. No additional lead dislodgements occurred. There were no significant changes in sleep habits, appetite, @entity4 or @entity3 . Compared with the parameters before stimulator implantation, there were significant improvement in @entity1 index, central apnea index, left ventricular ejection fraction and 6-min walk distance (all P   <   0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Use of chronic transvenous PNS appears to be safe and feasible in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity6 . Large multicenter studies are needed to confirm safety and efficacy in this population.

title: Safety and feasibility of chronic transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation for treatment of central sleep apnea in @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: It has been suggested that host genetic factors play a role in @entity4 )-associated tumorigenesis, although the issue continues to be a focus of much debate. Previous studies have reported that a common polymorphism of the wild type @entity3 gene at codon 72 of exon 4 ( @entity2 / @entity2 ) is associated with a sevenfold increased risk of HPV-associated @entity0 compared to @entity2 /Pro and Pro/Pro polymorphisms. In vitro studies also suggested that the @entity2 / @entity2 polymorphism was much more susceptible to @entity6 E6-mediated degradation as compared to other allelic forms. Subsequent studies published since this initial report indicated geographical differences with respect to the role of @entity2 / @entity2 polymorphism in increasing the risk of @entity0 . METHODS: In this study we analyzed leukocyte DNA from a total of 421 subjects for the @entity2 / @entity2 , @entity2 /Pro or Pro/Pro @entity3 polymorphisms at various stages of the cervical @entity0 progression spectrum, using allele-specific PCR. All subjects were from the Thiruvananthapuram District of South India. HPV genotyping was done for all subjects using either DNA extracted from cervical biopsies or exfoliated cervical cells. All subjects were grouped on the basis of both of cyto-pathology and HPV status. RESULTS: The distribution of @entity3 genotypes was not significantly different in all study groups (HPV positive vs HPV negative and cases vs controls comparisons). Homozygosity for @entity2 / @entity2 was not associated with increased risk for @entity0 . CONCLUSION: We find no evidence for any association between homozygosity for @entity3 @entity1 with either @entity8 , @entity7 or @entity5 in the population from South India.

title: Polymorphism at codon 72 of XXXX , @entity4 , and @entity0 in South India.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: It has been suggested that host genetic factors play a role in @entity4 )-associated tumorigenesis, although the issue continues to be a focus of much debate. Previous studies have reported that a common polymorphism of the wild type @entity3 gene at codon 72 of exon 4 ( @entity2 / @entity2 ) is associated with a sevenfold increased risk of HPV-associated @entity0 compared to @entity2 /Pro and Pro/Pro polymorphisms. In vitro studies also suggested that the @entity2 / @entity2 polymorphism was much more susceptible to @entity6 E6-mediated degradation as compared to other allelic forms. Subsequent studies published since this initial report indicated geographical differences with respect to the role of @entity2 / @entity2 polymorphism in increasing the risk of @entity0 . METHODS: In this study we analyzed leukocyte DNA from a total of 421 subjects for the @entity2 / @entity2 , @entity2 /Pro or Pro/Pro @entity3 polymorphisms at various stages of the cervical @entity0 progression spectrum, using allele-specific PCR. All subjects were from the Thiruvananthapuram District of South India. HPV genotyping was done for all subjects using either DNA extracted from cervical biopsies or exfoliated cervical cells. All subjects were grouped on the basis of both of cyto-pathology and HPV status. RESULTS: The distribution of @entity3 genotypes was not significantly different in all study groups (HPV positive vs HPV negative and cases vs controls comparisons). Homozygosity for @entity2 / @entity2 was not associated with increased risk for @entity0 . CONCLUSION: We find no evidence for any association between homozygosity for @entity3 @entity1 with either @entity8 , @entity7 or @entity5 in the population from South India.

title: Polymorphism at codon 72 of @entity3 , XXXX , and @entity0 in South India.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: It has been suggested that host genetic factors play a role in @entity4 )-associated tumorigenesis, although the issue continues to be a focus of much debate. Previous studies have reported that a common polymorphism of the wild type @entity3 gene at codon 72 of exon 4 ( @entity2 / @entity2 ) is associated with a sevenfold increased risk of HPV-associated @entity0 compared to @entity2 /Pro and Pro/Pro polymorphisms. In vitro studies also suggested that the @entity2 / @entity2 polymorphism was much more susceptible to @entity6 E6-mediated degradation as compared to other allelic forms. Subsequent studies published since this initial report indicated geographical differences with respect to the role of @entity2 / @entity2 polymorphism in increasing the risk of @entity0 . METHODS: In this study we analyzed leukocyte DNA from a total of 421 subjects for the @entity2 / @entity2 , @entity2 /Pro or Pro/Pro @entity3 polymorphisms at various stages of the cervical @entity0 progression spectrum, using allele-specific PCR. All subjects were from the Thiruvananthapuram District of South India. HPV genotyping was done for all subjects using either DNA extracted from cervical biopsies or exfoliated cervical cells. All subjects were grouped on the basis of both of cyto-pathology and HPV status. RESULTS: The distribution of @entity3 genotypes was not significantly different in all study groups (HPV positive vs HPV negative and cases vs controls comparisons). Homozygosity for @entity2 / @entity2 was not associated with increased risk for @entity0 . CONCLUSION: We find no evidence for any association between homozygosity for @entity3 @entity1 with either @entity8 , @entity7 or @entity5 in the population from South India.

title: Polymorphism at codon 72 of @entity3 , @entity4 , and XXXX in South India.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the etiology and prognosis of @entity1 in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) at presentation and to provide objective measures to predict visual outcome. METHODS: A retrospective review of 660 @entity0 with @entity6 (2009-2013) identified 31 @entity0 (4.7%) with 48 eyes having best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/25 or worse on initial presentation. Fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the optic disc and macula, and perimetry were used to determine the causes and prognosis of @entity3 . Segmentation of the macula OCT was performed using the Iowa Reference Algorithm to determine the @entity2 . RESULTS: Outer retinal changes alone caused decreased BCVA at initial presentation in 22 eyes (46%): subretinal fluid in 16, chorioretinal folds in 5, and @entity5 in 1. The @entity3 was reversible except for some eyes with chorioretinal folds. @entity4 alone caused decreased BCVA in 10 eyes (21%) and coexisting outer retinal changes and @entity4 caused decreased BCVA in 16 eyes (33%). A GCL-IPL thickness less than or equal to 70  m at initial presentation or progressive thinning of greater than or equal to 10  m within 2 to 3 weeks compared with baseline correlated with poor visual outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity loss in @entity6 can be caused by both outer retinal changes and @entity4 . @entity3 from outer retinal changes is mostly reversible. The outcome of @entity0 with coexisting outer retinal changes and @entity4 or @entity4 alone depends on the degree of @entity4 , which can be predicted by the GCL-IPL thickness.

title: Causes and Prognosis of Visual Acuity Loss at the Time of Initial Presentation in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The results of a retrospective study of 98 lymph nodes in 89 @entity0 with documented @entity2 fungoides (M.F.) are reported. According to the histopathological aspect, three groups are determined: group I of 20 lymph nodes with lesions of dermopathic @entity3 ; group II of 27 lymph nodes, presenting variable-sized clusters of atypical cerebriform lymphocytes located in paracortex without homogenization; group III of 51 lymph nodes with partial or total homogenization; according to the different cytologic types, four histopathologic forms are described in group III: small, large, mixed and immunoblastic cellularly type. The paracortical changes of dermopathic @entity3 observed in group I cannot be distinguished from those in @entity0 with @entity1 . All histopathological aspects of group III correspond to a specific MF involvement. The most difficulties are caused by lymph nodes from group II; in order to detect an early MF involvement, the histopathologist has to find a partial infiltration of paracortex by atypical large and numerous lymphocytes. Morphometric and immunohistochemical methods previously reported are useful but they are expensive and they cannot be usually carried out. Because of the heterogeneity of the lesions a perfect routine paraffin-embedded with serial sections seems to be the most helpful way for recognition of early MF involvement in lymph nodes. In our series, as in literature, correlations with clinical course show that lymph node involvement classified in group III is pejorative. But it seems that histo-prognostic evaluation based on a suspicion of early involvement has to be carefully established because of the lack of significant difference of clinical behaviour between group I and group II.

title: [Lymph node histopathologic aspects in cutaneous lymphomas of the XXXX fungoides or S  zary syndrome type. Retrospective study of 98 biopsies].

answer: @entity2


abstract: African trypanosomes are the causative agents of @entity0 African Trypanosomosis ( @entity2 ) and @entity7 (AAT/Nagana). A common hallmark of African trypanosome @entity4 is @entity3 . In @entity1 trypanosomosis, the onset of @entity3 occurs rapidly after @entity4 and is manifested by an influx of myeloid cells in both liver and spleen, accompanied by a burst of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines. Within 48 hours after @entity8 , @entity5 develops and the percentage of red blood cells drops by 50%. Using a newly developed in vivo erythrophagocytosis assay, we recently demonstrated that activated cells of the myeloid phagocytic system display enhanced erythrophagocytosis causing @entity5 . Here, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism and immune pathway behind this phenomenon in a @entity1 model for trypanosomosis. Results indicate that IFNy plays a crucial role in the recruitment and activation of erythrophagocytic myeloid cells, as @entity1 lacking the IFNy receptor were partially protected against @entity3 and @entity5 . NK and NKT cells were the earliest source of IFNy during T. b. @entity4 . Later in @entity4 , CD8+ and to a lesser extent @entity6 + T cells become the main IFNy producers. Cell depletion and transfer experiments indicated that during @entity4 the absence of NK, NKT and CD8+ T cells, but not @entity6 + T cells, resulted in a reduced anemic phenotype similar to trypanosome infected IFNyR-/- @entity1 . Collectively, this study shows that NK, NKT and CD8+ T cell-derived IFNy is a critical mediator in trypanosomosis-associated pathology, driving enhanced erythrophagocytosis by myeloid phagocytic cells and the induction of acute @entity3 -associated @entity5 .

title: NK-, NKT- and CD8-Derived IFNy Drives Myeloid Cell Activation and Erythrophagocytosis, Resulting in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Liver resections with negative margins improve survival in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) is a valuable tool that gives information about lesions that ultimately changes surgical strategy to ensure complete removal, which subsequently improves disease free survival (DFS). METHODS: A retrospective review of @entity0 who underwent a resection for @entity2 from 2009 to 2012 was completed to determine the impact of IOUS. RESULTS: A total of 103 @entity0 had a hepatic resection for @entity2 . All @entity0 had preoperative imaging to assist with operative planning. IOUS was performed in 72 cases. Surgical strategy changed in 31 (43.1%) cases with IOUS, compared to three (9.7%) with no IOUS (P  <  0.001). A new lesion was detected in 13 (18.1%) of the cases. A higher proportion of nonanatomic liver resections were performed in the IOUS group (N  =  27, 37.5%) compared to the non-IOUS group (N  =  6, 19.4%) (P  =  0.07). CONCLUSION: Achievement of a negative resection margin was comparable between the two groups. However, there was a trend toward improved DFS in the IOUS group. Despite advances in preoperative imaging, IOUS demonstrates utility in providing novel information that allows removal of the entire @entity1 burden, using parenchymal-preserving techniques when feasible, leading to improved DFS.

title: The current role of intraoperative ultrasound during the resection of  XXXX : A retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Three @entity0 with @entity3 were treated with percutaneous mitral valvotomy. A Brockenbrough catheter was advanced transseptally into the left atrium and then into the left ventricle over a long guide wire. An angle wire loop retriever was advanced through a 10 Fr straight catheter via the femoral artery into the left ventricle. The retriever was used to catch the flexible end of the long guide wire. This end of the long guide wire was then drawn out of the right femoral artery by the retriever through the straight catheter. The straight catheter was left in the descending aorta; the Brockenbrough catheter was removed and a 7 Fr balloon catheter was introduced percutaneously over the long guide wire through the femoral vein. This balloon catheter was used for interatrial septal dilatation and right femoral @entity2 . In two @entity0 this catheter was replaced over the long guide wire with a 9 Fr Schneider-Medintag Gr  ntzig catheter (3 X 12 mm diameter when inflated) and in the other by a Mansfield (18 mm diameter when inflated). The procedure was well tolerated in these three @entity0 and there were no complications. Haemodynamic function improved, there was appreciable decrease in dyspnoea, and exercise tolerance was increased. This procedure has several advantages: the balloon is more easily positioned through the mitral valve; the stability of the balloon during inflation is improved by traction at both ends of the long guide wire; and there is the option of rapidly exchanging one balloon for a larger one over the long guide wire. This technique seems to be less arrhythmogenic and results in less @entity1 because manual compression of the femoral vessels after the procedure is easier.

title: Percutaneous mitral valvotomy in XXXX : a new approach.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the relationship between mircroRNAs and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We performed a study of the significance of @entity6 expression in the serum of @entity4 @entity0 . METHODS: The experimental group includes 49 @entity4 @entity0 , and the control group consists of 30 normal @entity0 , 20 @entity3 @entity0 , 20 massive @entity1 @entity0 , 20 nonmassive @entity1 @entity0 , and 20 neurological @entity2 @entity0 . Let-7 family levels were determined by polymerase chain reaction. A dual luciferase assay was used to test whether @entity6 recognized the 3'UTR of @entity5 . RESULTS: The expression level of @entity6 in @entity4 @entity0 is higher than that observed in the control groups (P  <  .001). The luciferase assay results indicated that @entity6 could diminish luciferase activity from a reporter vector containing the 3'-UTR of @entity5 (P  <  .05). The suppression of luciferase activity is not found in mutRNF213 (P  >  .05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased expression of @entity6 in @entity4 @entity0 may contribute to @entity4 pathogenesis by targeting @entity5 . Thus, @entity6 may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of @entity4 .

title: Elevated Serum MicroRNA XXXX in Moyamoya Disease.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the three @entity4 criteria, A and B from 2007 and the revised from 2012, proposed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) for scoring @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: Polysomnographies (PSGs) in @entity0 with @entity2 or @entity3 were scored according to the A-, B-, and 2012- @entity4 criteria. RESULTS: Sixty-three PSGs were eligible for @entity4 scoring. There was no difference in the number of @entity0 diagnosed with the B- and 2012-criteria. Therefore, they are mentioned as one. Forty-seven @entity0 (75  %) were diagnosed with SRBD using the A-criteria versus 57 @entity0 (90  %) using the B/2012-criteria (p   <   0.0016). In 30 cases, a change from A- to B/2012-criteria resulted in a change in diagnosis. Ten cases of "no SRBD" changed to mild/moderate/severe SRBD. An @entity1 index (AHI) >15 is a typical indication of treatment. With the B/2012-criteria, we found an additional indication of treatment in 18 @entity0 , compared to when the A-criteria were applied (p   <   0.0001). Two of these @entity0 were labeled as no SRBD with the A-criteria. CONCLUSION: The difference is significant between the AHIs achieved by the A- and the B-/2012- @entity4 criteria, with much lower AHIs achieved with the A-criteria. As SRBD treatment lessens the risk of complications, correct identification of SRBD @entity0 is of the utmost importance.

title: Sleep apnea diagnosis varies with the XXXX criteria applied.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report a fetal case with fatal outcome having a novel mutation in the @entity10 gene, coding the beta-subunit of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein. Parents had a previous @entity5 due to @entity6 and @entity1 . The next pregnancy led to left ventricular noncompaction and increasing @entity8 after 29 gestational weeks. The fetus was small for gestational age, and long bones were abnormally short. The baby was born severely asphyxiated at 32 gestational weeks by cesarean section. Intensive care was withdrawn due to failure to thrive and suspicion of a severe @entity9 . Postmortem brain MRI suggested microcephaly with a simplified gyral pattern. The lateral cerebral ventricles were normal. Chromosome analysis was normal (46, XX). Fibroblasts cultured from a skin biopsy of the baby revealed the large homozygous deletion @entity12 in the @entity10 gene, and heterozygous mutations were detected in both parents. The deletion has not been reported earlier. CONCLUSION: It is important to differentiate systemic @entity2 from disorders that affect only the cardiac muscle. @entity11 is a relatively rare disorder of the @entity7 b-oxidation cycle. The mutation in the @entity10 gene causes a @entity3 with early-onset @entity4 . Understanding the molecular genetic defect of the @entity0 allows appropriate genetic counseling of the family. What is Known:     @entity9 as a group are an important etiology for fetal @entity4 including @entity0 trifunctional protein (TFP) disorders and several other @entity9 . What is New:     We report a fetal case with fatal outcome having a novel mitochondrial trifunctional protein mutation ( @entity12 in the @entity10 gene).

title: Fetal left ventricular noncompaction XXXX and fatal outcome due to complete deficiency of mitochondrial trifunctional protein.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether @entity3 is superior to @entity6 for the treatment of @entity8 , a @entity2 , ulcerating @entity4 with a poor evidence base for management. DESIGN: Multicentre, parallel group, observer blind, randomised controlled trial. SETTING: 39 UK hospitals, recruiting from June 2009 to November 2012. @entity0 : 121 @entity0 (73 @entity0 , mean age 54 years) with clinician diagnosed @entity8 . Clinical diagnosis was revised in nine @entity0 after randomisation, leaving 112 @entity0 in the analysis set (59 @entity3 ; 53 @entity6 ). INTERVENTION: Oral @entity6 0.75 mg/kg/day compared with @entity3 4 mg/kg/day, to a maximum dose of 75 and 400 mg/day, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was speed of healing over six weeks, captured using digital images and assessed by blinded investigators. Secondary outcomes were time to healing, global treatment response, resolution of @entity1 , self reported @entity2 , quality of life, number of treatment failures, adverse reactions, and time to recurrence. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and six weeks and when the ulcer had healed (to a maximum of six months). RESULTS: Of the 112 @entity0 , 108 had complete primary outcome data at baseline and six weeks (57 @entity3 ; 51 @entity6 ). Groups were balanced at baseline. The mean (SD) speed of healing at six weeks was -0.21 (1.00) cm(2)/day in the @entity3 group compared with -0.14 (0.42) cm(2)/day in the @entity6 group. The adjusted mean difference showed no between group difference (0.003 cm(2)/day, 95% confidence interval -0.20 to 0.21; P=0.97). By six months, @entity7 had healed in 28/59 (47%) @entity0 in the @entity3 group compared with 25/53 (47%) in the @entity6 group. In those with healed @entity7 , eight (30%) receiving @entity3 and seven (28%) receiving @entity6 had a recurrence. Adverse reactions were similar for the two groups (68% @entity3 and 66% @entity6 ), but serious adverse reactions, especially @entity5 , were more common in the @entity6 group. CONCLUSION: @entity6 and @entity3 did not differ across a range of objective and @entity0 reported outcomes. Treatment decisions for individual @entity0 may be guided by the different side effect profiles of the two drugs and @entity0 preference. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN35898459.

title: Comparison of the two most commonly used treatments for XXXX : results of the STOP GAP randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity8


abstract: AIMS: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a major risk factor, and shares many common risk factors with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Few studies have directly compared the differences in common risk factors between @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 at admission. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, @entity1 @entity0 with or without first-ever @entity2 or @entity4 admitted to our hospital over 3years were enrolled. @entity0 ' data were retrospectively collected and compared using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: In total, 1208 @entity1 @entity0 were enrolled (57.5% @entity0 ). The median age was 59years (interquartile range [IQR] 51-69), and duration of @entity1 was 7years (IQR 3-10). Two hundred and two @entity0 (16.7%) were diagnosed with @entity2 , 345 (28.6%) with @entity4 , and 661 (54.7%) had neither @entity2 nor @entity4 . Compared with @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 or @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity4 @entity0 had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and older age but lower high-density lipoprotein @entity3 levels (all p<0.01), whereas reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate was only associated with @entity4 (p<0.05). Furthermore, @entity2 @entity0 had higher SBP (every 10-mmHg increase, OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.26-1.51) and HbA1c levels (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.06-1.31) than @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 have differences in common risk factors at admission. Higher systolic blood pressure and HbA1c levels may indicate @entity2 .

title: Risk factor differences between type 2 XXXX @entity0 with @entity4 at admission.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a major risk factor, and shares many common risk factors with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Few studies have directly compared the differences in common risk factors between @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 at admission. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, @entity1 @entity0 with or without first-ever @entity2 or @entity4 admitted to our hospital over 3years were enrolled. @entity0 ' data were retrospectively collected and compared using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: In total, 1208 @entity1 @entity0 were enrolled (57.5% @entity0 ). The median age was 59years (interquartile range [IQR] 51-69), and duration of @entity1 was 7years (IQR 3-10). Two hundred and two @entity0 (16.7%) were diagnosed with @entity2 , 345 (28.6%) with @entity4 , and 661 (54.7%) had neither @entity2 nor @entity4 . Compared with @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 or @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity4 @entity0 had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and older age but lower high-density lipoprotein @entity3 levels (all p<0.01), whereas reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate was only associated with @entity4 (p<0.05). Furthermore, @entity2 @entity0 had higher SBP (every 10-mmHg increase, OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.26-1.51) and HbA1c levels (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.06-1.31) than @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 have differences in common risk factors at admission. Higher systolic blood pressure and HbA1c levels may indicate @entity2 .

title: Risk factor differences between type 2 @entity1 @entity0 with XXXX at admission.

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIMS: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a major risk factor, and shares many common risk factors with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Few studies have directly compared the differences in common risk factors between @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 at admission. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, @entity1 @entity0 with or without first-ever @entity2 or @entity4 admitted to our hospital over 3years were enrolled. @entity0 ' data were retrospectively collected and compared using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: In total, 1208 @entity1 @entity0 were enrolled (57.5% @entity0 ). The median age was 59years (interquartile range [IQR] 51-69), and duration of @entity1 was 7years (IQR 3-10). Two hundred and two @entity0 (16.7%) were diagnosed with @entity2 , 345 (28.6%) with @entity4 , and 661 (54.7%) had neither @entity2 nor @entity4 . Compared with @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 or @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity4 @entity0 had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and older age but lower high-density lipoprotein @entity3 levels (all p<0.01), whereas reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate was only associated with @entity4 (p<0.05). Furthermore, @entity2 @entity0 had higher SBP (every 10-mmHg increase, OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.26-1.51) and HbA1c levels (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.06-1.31) than @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 have differences in common risk factors at admission. Higher systolic blood pressure and HbA1c levels may indicate @entity2 .

title: Risk factor differences between type 2 @entity1 XXXX with @entity4 at admission.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Novel techniques for the control of upper limb prostheses may allow users to operate more complex prostheses than those that are currently available. Because many of these techniques are surgically invasive, it is important to understand whether individuals with @entity1 would accept the associated risks in order to use a prosthesis. METHODS: An online survey of individuals with @entity1 was conducted. @entity0 read descriptions of four prosthetic control techniques. One technique was noninvasive (myoelectric) and three were invasive (targeted muscle reinnervation, peripheral nerve interfaces, cortical interfaces). @entity0 rated how likely they were to try each technique if it offered each of six different functional features. They also rated their general interest in each of the six features. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance with Greenhouse-Geisser corrections was used to examine the effect of the technique type and feature on @entity0 ' interest in each technique. RESULTS: Responses from 104 individuals were analyzed. Many @entity0 were interested in trying the techniques - 83  % responded positively toward myoelectric control, 63  % toward targeted muscle reinnervation, 68  % toward peripheral nerve interfaces, and 39  % toward cortical interfaces. Common concerns about myoelectric control were weight, cost, durability, and difficulty of use, while the most common concern about the invasive techniques was surgical risk. @entity0 expressed greatest interest in basic prosthesis features (e.g., opening and closing the hand slowly), as opposed to advanced features like fine motor control and touch sensation. CONCLUSIONS: The results of these investigations may be used to inform the development of future prosthetic technologies that are appealing to individuals with @entity1 .

title: Surveying the interest of individuals with XXXX in novel prosthetic control techniques.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Morphologic evaluation of @entity6 remains problematic, especially in cases with limited biopsy samples or obscuring @entity1 . Studies in cervical @entity0 have shown that @entity3 ) L1 capsid production is highest in low-grade @entity4 (LSILs) and progressively decreases in high-grade @entity4 (HSILs). The combined utility of HPV L1 and @entity2 expression in assessing anal @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has never been analyzed and forms the basis of this study. METHODS: In total, 145 anal lesions were reviewed and immunohistochemically stained for HPV L1 and @entity2 . @entity2 expression was recorded as negative, patchy/focal, or diffuse. For analytical purposes, @entity5 were evaluated separately from rest of the LSILs. RESULTS: There were 34 (23%) @entity5 , 64 (44%) LSILs, and 47 (32%) HSILs. HPV L1 was significantly associated with @entity5 (68%) and LSILs (52%) compared with HSILs (9%; P < .0001). Diffuse @entity2 staining was present only in HSILs (P < .0001), whereas a patchy/focal @entity2 staining pattern was observed in both LSILs and @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: HPV L1 and diffuse @entity2 expression is mutually exclusive in most anal @entity4 and helps separate @entity4 and @entity4 cases. Application of both HPV L1 and @entity2 can not only facilitate accurate grading but also contribute to risk assessment in anal @entity0 .

title: Utility of @entity3 Capsid Protein L1 and XXXX in the Assessment and Accurate Classification of Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Morphologic evaluation of @entity6 remains problematic, especially in cases with limited biopsy samples or obscuring @entity1 . Studies in cervical @entity0 have shown that @entity3 ) L1 capsid production is highest in low-grade @entity4 (LSILs) and progressively decreases in high-grade @entity4 (HSILs). The combined utility of HPV L1 and @entity2 expression in assessing anal @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has never been analyzed and forms the basis of this study. METHODS: In total, 145 anal lesions were reviewed and immunohistochemically stained for HPV L1 and @entity2 . @entity2 expression was recorded as negative, patchy/focal, or diffuse. For analytical purposes, @entity5 were evaluated separately from rest of the LSILs. RESULTS: There were 34 (23%) @entity5 , 64 (44%) LSILs, and 47 (32%) HSILs. HPV L1 was significantly associated with @entity5 (68%) and LSILs (52%) compared with HSILs (9%; P < .0001). Diffuse @entity2 staining was present only in HSILs (P < .0001), whereas a patchy/focal @entity2 staining pattern was observed in both LSILs and @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: HPV L1 and diffuse @entity2 expression is mutually exclusive in most anal @entity4 and helps separate @entity4 and @entity4 cases. Application of both HPV L1 and @entity2 can not only facilitate accurate grading but also contribute to risk assessment in anal @entity0 .

title: Utility of XXXX Capsid Protein L1 and @entity2 in the Assessment and Accurate Classification of Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors are used widely in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 . However, their efficacy in @entity2 blacks when compared with other antihypertensive agents is not well established. METHODS: We performed a cohort study of @entity0 using data from a clinical data warehouse of 434,646 @entity0 from New York City's Health and Hospitals Corporation from January 2004 to December 2009. @entity0 were divided into the following comparison groups: @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs @entity4 channel blockers, @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs @entity7 diuretics, and @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs b-blockers. The primary outcome was a composite of @entity3 , @entity5 , and @entity1 . Secondary outcomes included the individual components and @entity6 . RESULTS: In the propensity score-matched @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs @entity4 channel blocker comparison cohort (4506 blacks in each group), @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of primary outcome (hazard ratio [ @entity6 ], 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-1.77; P  = .0003), @entity5 ( @entity6 , 3.40; 95% CI, 1.25-9.22; P  = .02), @entity1 ( @entity6 , 1.82; 95% CI, 1.29-2.57; P  = .001), and @entity6 ( @entity6 , 1.77; 95% CI, 1.30-2.42; P  = .0003) when compared with @entity4 channel blockers. For the @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs @entity7 diuretics comparison (5337 blacks in each group), @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of primary outcome ( @entity6 , 1.65; 95% CI, 1.33-2.05; P < .0001), @entity3 ( @entity6 , 1.35; 95% CI, 1.03-1.76; P  = .03), @entity5 ( @entity6 , 4.00; 95% CI, 1.34-11.96; P  = .01), @entity1 ( @entity6 , 1.97; 95% CI, 1.34-2.92; P  = .001), and @entity6 ( @entity6 , 3.00; 95% CI, 1.99-4.54; P < .0001). For the @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs b-blocker comparison, the outcomes between the groups were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: In a real-world cohort of @entity2 blacks, @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events when compared with @entity4 channel blockers or @entity7 diuretics.

title: Outcomes with @entity8 -converting Enzyme Inhibitors vs Other Antihypertensive Agents in XXXX Blacks.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors are used widely in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 . However, their efficacy in @entity2 blacks when compared with other antihypertensive agents is not well established. METHODS: We performed a cohort study of @entity0 using data from a clinical data warehouse of 434,646 @entity0 from New York City's Health and Hospitals Corporation from January 2004 to December 2009. @entity0 were divided into the following comparison groups: @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs @entity4 channel blockers, @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs @entity7 diuretics, and @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs b-blockers. The primary outcome was a composite of @entity3 , @entity5 , and @entity1 . Secondary outcomes included the individual components and @entity6 . RESULTS: In the propensity score-matched @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs @entity4 channel blocker comparison cohort (4506 blacks in each group), @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of primary outcome (hazard ratio [ @entity6 ], 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-1.77; P  = .0003), @entity5 ( @entity6 , 3.40; 95% CI, 1.25-9.22; P  = .02), @entity1 ( @entity6 , 1.82; 95% CI, 1.29-2.57; P  = .001), and @entity6 ( @entity6 , 1.77; 95% CI, 1.30-2.42; P  = .0003) when compared with @entity4 channel blockers. For the @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs @entity7 diuretics comparison (5337 blacks in each group), @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of primary outcome ( @entity6 , 1.65; 95% CI, 1.33-2.05; P < .0001), @entity3 ( @entity6 , 1.35; 95% CI, 1.03-1.76; P  = .03), @entity5 ( @entity6 , 4.00; 95% CI, 1.34-11.96; P  = .01), @entity1 ( @entity6 , 1.97; 95% CI, 1.34-2.92; P  = .001), and @entity6 ( @entity6 , 3.00; 95% CI, 1.99-4.54; P < .0001). For the @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors vs b-blocker comparison, the outcomes between the groups were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: In a real-world cohort of @entity2 blacks, @entity8 -converting enzyme inhibitors were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events when compared with @entity4 channel blockers or @entity7 diuretics.

title: Outcomes with XXXX -converting Enzyme Inhibitors vs Other Antihypertensive Agents in @entity2 Blacks.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to compare the efficacy of acute premeal administration of @entity6 versus @entity5 in controlling postprandial @entity4 in subjects with non-insulin-requiring type 2 @entity1 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 20 subjects (10 female, 10 male) with non-insulin-requiring type 2 @entity1 were admitted overnight to the General Clinical Research Center on four occasions. In random order, 10 mg @entity6 (30 min premeal), 120 mg @entity5 (15 min premeal), 10 mg @entity6 plus @entity5 (30 and 15 min premeal, respectively), or placebo pills (30 and 15 min premeal) were administered in a double-blind fashion before a standardized breakfast. Blood was drawn for analysis of @entity2 , insulin, and C-peptide at -0.05, 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h relative to the meal. RESULTS: The subjects were aged 56 +/- 2 years and were moderately obese (BMI 31 +/- 1 kg/m(2)), with a mean HbA(1c) of 7.4 +/- 0.4%. The peak postprandial @entity2 excursion above baseline was higher with placebo (6.1 +/- 0.5 mmol/l) than @entity6 (4.3 +/- 0.6 mmol/l, P = 0.002), @entity5 (4.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/l, P = 0.001), or @entity6 plus @entity5 (4.1 +/- 0.5 mmol/l, P = 0.001). The area under the curve for the @entity2 excursion above baseline was also higher with placebo (14.1 +/- 1.8 mmol/h. l) compared with @entity6 (6.9 +/- 2.4 mmol/h. l, P = 0.002), @entity5 (9.7 +/- 2 mmol/h. l, P = 0.004), or @entity6 plus @entity5 (5.6 +/- 2.2 mmol/h. l, P < 0.001). Peak and integrated @entity2 excursions did not differ significantly between @entity6 and @entity5 . However, by 4 h postmeal, plasma @entity2 levels were significantly higher with @entity5 (9 +/- 0.9 mmol/l) compared with the premeal baseline (7.8 +/- 0.6 mmol/l, P = 0.04) and compared with the 4-h postprandial @entity2 level after administration of @entity6 (7.6 +/- 0.6 mmol/l, P = 0.02). Integrated postprandial insulin levels were higher with @entity6 (1,556 +/- 349 pmol/h. l) than @entity5 (1,364 +/- 231 pmol/h. l; P = 0.03). Early insulin secretion, as measured by insulin levels at 30 min postmeal, did not differ between @entity6 and @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Acute premeal administration of @entity5 or @entity6 has equal efficacy in controlling postbreakfast @entity4 in type 2 @entity1 when each drug is administered at the optimum time before the meal. @entity6 causes a more pronounced and sustained postmeal insulin secretory response compared with @entity5 . @entity6 facilitates the return to near-fasting @entity2 levels at 4 h postmeal, but with the possible risk of increased frequency of postmeal @entity3 in drug-naive @entity0 . The clinical decision to use @entity6 versus @entity5 should be based on factors other than the control of postprandial @entity4 in type 2 @entity1 .

title: Control of postprandial XXXX : optimal use of short-acting insulin secretagogues.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A retrospective study was conducted to determine the incidence of @entity1 from exertional @entity0 (EM) in the hoofstock collection at the National Zoological Park (NZP) from 1975 to 1985. The diagnosis of EM was based on history, clinical signs, clinicopathological findings, gross and microscopic lesions. Only bovids, cervids, and equids were included in the study. Data were derived from the medical and pathological records of the NZP. There were 10 cases of EM during this period, but only seven @entity1 were directly attributable to EM. Five @entity1 occurred after immobilization. Two @entity1 occurred after improper transport, but the anesthetic history was not known in these cases. Pathologic changes consistent with EM were incidental findings in an animal killed by @entity2 , and in two animals euthanized because of suspected @entity3 . Only cervids and bovids were affected. There was no age or sex predilection for developing EM and @entity1 occurred throughout the year. Deaths associated with immobilization occurred most often after anesthesia with @entity4 and @entity5 . These are the drugs used most frequently in bovid and cervid anesthesia at the NZP. The overall incidence of @entity1 from EM after immobilization was 0.25% for the 10-yr period.

title: Deaths from exertional XXXX at the National Zoological Park from 1975 to 1985.

answer: @entity0


abstract: During the tenth biennial examination of the Framingham Study, 1315 @entity0 who were free of @entity3 had @entity5 levels measured. During the ensuing 12 years, @entity3 developed in 165 @entity0 and 147 @entity0 . For both sexes, the risk of @entity3 was correlated positively to antecedent @entity5 values higher than the 1.3 to 7.0 g/L (126 to 696 mg/dL) range. The magnitude of the risk diminished with advancing age in @entity0 but not in @entity0 . Risk for @entity4 also was significantly related to @entity5 level. Here, the magnitude of risk displayed diminishing impact with age, again only in @entity0 . Risk of @entity2 increased progressively with @entity5 level in @entity0 but not in @entity0 . The impact of @entity5 value, considered as a separate variable, on @entity3 was comparable with the major risk factors, such as blood pressure, hematocrit, adiposity, cigarette smoking, and @entity1 . @entity5 values were also significantly related to these risk factors. Taking all these into account in a multivariate analysis, @entity5 level was still significantly related to the incidence of @entity3 in @entity0 and marginally significant in @entity0 . For @entity4 , the @entity5 level was significant for both @entity0 and @entity0 . Elevated @entity5 level is a predictor of @entity3 that should be added to the @entity3 factor profile.

title: @entity5 and risk of XXXX . The Framingham Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: During the tenth biennial examination of the Framingham Study, 1315 @entity0 who were free of @entity3 had @entity5 levels measured. During the ensuing 12 years, @entity3 developed in 165 @entity0 and 147 @entity0 . For both sexes, the risk of @entity3 was correlated positively to antecedent @entity5 values higher than the 1.3 to 7.0 g/L (126 to 696 mg/dL) range. The magnitude of the risk diminished with advancing age in @entity0 but not in @entity0 . Risk for @entity4 also was significantly related to @entity5 level. Here, the magnitude of risk displayed diminishing impact with age, again only in @entity0 . Risk of @entity2 increased progressively with @entity5 level in @entity0 but not in @entity0 . The impact of @entity5 value, considered as a separate variable, on @entity3 was comparable with the major risk factors, such as blood pressure, hematocrit, adiposity, cigarette smoking, and @entity1 . @entity5 values were also significantly related to these risk factors. Taking all these into account in a multivariate analysis, @entity5 level was still significantly related to the incidence of @entity3 in @entity0 and marginally significant in @entity0 . For @entity4 , the @entity5 level was significant for both @entity0 and @entity0 . Elevated @entity5 level is a predictor of @entity3 that should be added to the @entity3 factor profile.

title: XXXX and risk of @entity3 . The Framingham Study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of a predictive model of health literacy, and to examine the relationship between derived health literacy estimates and 30-day hospital readmissions for @entity1 ( @entity1 ). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND @entity0 : A National Institute of Aging (NIA) study cohort of 696 adult, English-speaking primary care @entity0 , aged 55-74   years, was used to assess the validity of derived health literacy estimates. Claims from 7733 Medicare beneficiaries hospitalised for @entity1 in 2008 in North Carolina and Illinois were used to investigate the association between health literacy estimates and 30-day hospital readmissions. MEASURES: The NIA cohort was administered 3 common health literacy assessments (Newest Vital Sign, Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults, and Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine). Health literacy estimates at the census block group level were derived via a predictive model. 30-day readmissions were measured from Medicare claims data using a validated algorithm. RESULTS: Fair agreement was found between derived estimates and in- @entity0 literacy assessments (Pearson Correlation coefficients: 0.38-0.51; k scores: 0.38-0.40). Medicare enrollees with above basic literacy according to derived health literacy estimates had an 18% lower risk of a 30-day readmission (RR=0.82, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.92) and 21% lower incidence rate of 30-day readmission (IRR=0.79, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.87) than @entity0 with basic or below basic literacy. After adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics, the risk of 30-day readmission was 12% lower (p=0.03), and the incidence rate 16% lower (p<0.01) for @entity0 with above basic literacy. CONCLUSIONS: Health literacy, as measured by a predictive model, was found to be a significant, independent predictor of 30-day readmissions. As a modifiable risk factor with evidence-based solutions, health literacy should be considered in readmission reduction efforts.

title: Health literacy and 30-day hospital readmission after XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The ideal management of the @entity0 with an asymptomatic @entity4 remains controversial. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the effects of prophylactic carotid endarterectomy (CE) done to treat asymptomatic @entity4 (greater than 50% diameter reduction by angiography) 10 years later. In 1976, 42 prophylactic CEs were performed. There were no postoperative @entity3 or @entity2 . During 10-year follow-up two @entity2 occurred in the operated hemisphere; one @entity2 was fatal and was due to an @entity5 , whereas the other @entity2 was @entity6 in origin. Two other @entity0 @entity2 in the contralateral hemisphere and seven @entity0 had transient @entity1 attacks in the contralateral hemisphere, which necessitated CE. The survival rate at the end of the study period by life-table analysis was 57% (mean 8.7 years). Sixteen late @entity3 occurred, with coronary artery-related disease the most common cause of @entity3 . This review with actual 10-year follow-up demonstrated that prophylactic CE may be performed with minimal risk, that late @entity2 in the operated hemisphere was negligible, and that long-term survival was similar to that of a comparable age-matched population, possibly because late @entity3 attributed to @entity2 were reduced. On the basis of long-term follow-up, CE to treat asymptomatic high-grade carotid stenoses appears to be indicated in appropriate @entity0 .

title: Carotid endarterectomy to correct asymptomatic XXXX : ten years later.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Calea zacatechichi Schltdl. (Asteraceae alt. Compositae) is a Mexican plant commonly used in folk medicine to treat @entity3 . The objective of this study is to characterize the effect of C. zacatechichi extracts in @entity0 models mimicking the symptoms of @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Powdered C. zacatechichi herb (leaves, stems, and flowers) was extracted with @entity4 . Methanolic extract was filtered and evaporated giving methanolic fraction. The residue was extracted with @entity5 ( @entity7 ). Methanolic and @entity7 (200  mg/kg, per os) extracts were screened for their effect on GI motility in several in vitro tests, and the antidiarrheal and antinociceptive effects were assessed using @entity0 models. The influence of the @entity7 extract on motoric parameters and exploratory behaviors was also assessed. Finally, the composition of C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract was qualitatively analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract significantly inhibited the contractility of @entity0 colon in vitro (IC50  =  17      2   g/ml). Administration of the @entity7 extract in vivo (200  mg/kg, per os) significantly prolonged the time of whole GI transit (46      1 vs. 117      27  min for control and @entity7 -treated animals, respectively; P  =  0.0023), inhibited hypermotility, and reduced @entity1 in @entity0 models mimicking functional @entity3 . Our findings suggest that constituents of the C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract exhibit antidiarrheal and analgesic activity. The extract may thus become an attractive material for isolation of compounds that may be used as a supplementary treatment for @entity1 and @entity2 associated with @entity6 in the future.

title: Calea zacatechichi @entity5 extract exhibits antidiarrheal and antinociceptive effects in @entity0 models mimicking XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Calea zacatechichi Schltdl. (Asteraceae alt. Compositae) is a Mexican plant commonly used in folk medicine to treat @entity3 . The objective of this study is to characterize the effect of C. zacatechichi extracts in @entity0 models mimicking the symptoms of @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Powdered C. zacatechichi herb (leaves, stems, and flowers) was extracted with @entity4 . Methanolic extract was filtered and evaporated giving methanolic fraction. The residue was extracted with @entity5 ( @entity7 ). Methanolic and @entity7 (200  mg/kg, per os) extracts were screened for their effect on GI motility in several in vitro tests, and the antidiarrheal and antinociceptive effects were assessed using @entity0 models. The influence of the @entity7 extract on motoric parameters and exploratory behaviors was also assessed. Finally, the composition of C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract was qualitatively analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract significantly inhibited the contractility of @entity0 colon in vitro (IC50  =  17      2   g/ml). Administration of the @entity7 extract in vivo (200  mg/kg, per os) significantly prolonged the time of whole GI transit (46      1 vs. 117      27  min for control and @entity7 -treated animals, respectively; P  =  0.0023), inhibited hypermotility, and reduced @entity1 in @entity0 models mimicking functional @entity3 . Our findings suggest that constituents of the C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract exhibit antidiarrheal and analgesic activity. The extract may thus become an attractive material for isolation of compounds that may be used as a supplementary treatment for @entity1 and @entity2 associated with @entity6 in the future.

title: Calea zacatechichi XXXX extract exhibits antidiarrheal and antinociceptive effects in @entity0 models mimicking @entity6 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Calea zacatechichi Schltdl. (Asteraceae alt. Compositae) is a Mexican plant commonly used in folk medicine to treat @entity3 . The objective of this study is to characterize the effect of C. zacatechichi extracts in @entity0 models mimicking the symptoms of @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Powdered C. zacatechichi herb (leaves, stems, and flowers) was extracted with @entity4 . Methanolic extract was filtered and evaporated giving methanolic fraction. The residue was extracted with @entity5 ( @entity7 ). Methanolic and @entity7 (200  mg/kg, per os) extracts were screened for their effect on GI motility in several in vitro tests, and the antidiarrheal and antinociceptive effects were assessed using @entity0 models. The influence of the @entity7 extract on motoric parameters and exploratory behaviors was also assessed. Finally, the composition of C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract was qualitatively analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract significantly inhibited the contractility of @entity0 colon in vitro (IC50  =  17      2   g/ml). Administration of the @entity7 extract in vivo (200  mg/kg, per os) significantly prolonged the time of whole GI transit (46      1 vs. 117      27  min for control and @entity7 -treated animals, respectively; P  =  0.0023), inhibited hypermotility, and reduced @entity1 in @entity0 models mimicking functional @entity3 . Our findings suggest that constituents of the C. zacatechichi @entity7 extract exhibit antidiarrheal and analgesic activity. The extract may thus become an attractive material for isolation of compounds that may be used as a supplementary treatment for @entity1 and @entity2 associated with @entity6 in the future.

title: Calea zacatechichi @entity5 extract exhibits antidiarrheal and antinociceptive effects in XXXX models mimicking @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In most organisms, physiological variables are regulated by an internal clock. This endogenous circadian (   24-hr) clock enables organisms to anticipate daily environmental changes and modify behavioral and physiological functions appropriately. Processes regulated by the circadian clock include @entity2 , core body temperature, metabolism, water/food intake, and available hormone levels. At the core of the @entity0 circadian system are molecular oscillations within the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus. These oscillations are modifiable by signals from the environment (so called zeitgebers or time-givers) and, once integrated within the suprachiasmatic nucleus, are conveyed to remote neural circuits where output rhythms are regulated. Disrupting any of a number of neural processes can affect how rhythms are generated and relayed to the periphery and disturbances in circadian/entrainment parameters are associated with numerous @entity0 conditions. These non-invasive protocols can be used to determine whether circadian/entrainment parameters are affected in @entity1 mutants or treatment groups. Curr. Protoc. @entity1 Biol. 1:369-381    2011 by John Wiley _ Sons, Inc.

title: Assessment of Circadian and Light-Entrainable Parameters in XXXX Using Wheel-Running Activity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although there are established risks associated with gestational @entity2 smoke exposure, few studies have addressed the metabolic hazards of domestic exposure in early childhood. This study prospectively examines the long-term relationship between early childhood exposure to household smoke and two adiposity-related measures at age 10. METHODS: @entity0 from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of @entity0 Development birth cohort were categorized into one of three groups of early childhood household exposure to @entity2 smoke over four time points (from ages 1 to 7 years): never-exposed; transient exposure; and continuous exposure. Follow-up measures of body mass index and waist circumference were independently assessed at age 10. RESULTS: Compared to being never exposed, transient and continuous household smoke exposure predicted increases of 0.93cm (95% confidence interval [CI] between 0.05 and 1.82cm; P = .03) and 1.56cm (95% CI between 0.07 and 3.05cm; P = .04) in @entity0 's waist circumference, respectively. @entity0 exposed to transient and continuous household smoke, compared to unexposed @entity0 , also showed 0.48 and 0.81 point increases in their body mass index, respectively, both Ps = .005. Once adjusted, for confounding variables, only transient household smoke remained associated with 43% greater odds of belonging to the overweight/obese category (95% CI between 1.12 and 1.81cm; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: We found significant long-term prospective associations between home-based secondhand smoke exposure and unhealthy body fat distribution. Waist circumference in youth has become an important risk factor for @entity1 -related diseases in adulthood. Our findings emphasize the importance public health initiatives and parental sensitization aimed at domestic exposure reductions during the critical early childhood years.

title: Prospective Associations Between Early Long-Term Household XXXX Smoke Exposure and Subsequent Indicators of Metabolic Risk at Age 10.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Sixty-one supracondylar @entity3 above prosthetic knee replacements in 58 @entity0 were reviewed with a mean follow-up time of 3.7 years (range, 9 months to ten years). The mean interim between arthroplasty and @entity3 was 2.9 years (range, intraoperative to ten years). Twenty-seven cases demonstrated notching of the anterior femoral cortex. Seventeen @entity0 suffered from a severe @entity1 . Group A consisted of 30 @entity0 with 31 @entity3 treated by open reduction and internal fixation or revision arthroplasty. Follow-up study revealed 25 unions, three malunions, one nonunion, and two above-knee amputations for deep @entity4 . Four of 31 @entity0 had @entity2 levels or change in ambulatory status postoperatively. Group B consisted of 30 @entity3 in 28 @entity0 treated by casting alone or traction followed by cast bracing. Follow-up examination showed 17 unions, seven malunions, and six nonunions. Fifteen of the 30 @entity0 had @entity2 levels or change in ambulatory status after treatment. Casting produced significant decreases in motion in both groups. The results indicate that this @entity3 is associated with anterior notching of the femoral cortex and preexisting @entity1 . @entity0 with a supracondylar @entity3 following prosthetic knee arthroplasty are best managed by secure internal fixation and early motion.

title: Supracondylar XXXX of the femur following prosthetic knee arthroplasty.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We previously demonstrated the ability to detect metastatic prostate cancer using @entity6 ( @entity4 -DCFBC), a low-molecular-weight radiotracer that targets the @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity5 has been shown to be associated with higher Gleason grade and more aggressive disease. An imaging biomarker able to detect clinically significant high-grade primary prostate cancer reliably would address an unmet clinical need by allowing for risk-adapted @entity0 management. METHODS: We enrolled 13 @entity0 with primary prostate cancer who were imaged with @entity4 -DCFBC PET before scheduled prostatectomy, with 12 of these @entity0 also undergoing pelvic prostate MR imaging. Prostate @entity4 -DCFBC PET was correlated with MR imaging and histologic and immunohistochemical analysis on a prostate-segment (12 regions) and dominant-lesion basis. There were no incidental extraprostatic findings on PET suggestive of metastatic disease. RESULTS: MR imaging was more sensitive than @entity4 -DCFBC PET for detection of primary prostate cancer on a per-segment (sensitivities of up to 0.17 and 0.39 for PET and MR imaging, respectively) and per-dominant-lesion analysis (sensitivities of 0.46 and 0.92 for PET and MR imaging, respectively). However, @entity4 -DCFBC PET was more specific than MR imaging by per-segment analysis (specificities of 0.96 and 0.89 for PET and MR imaging for corresponding sensitivity, respectively) and specific for detection of high-grade lesions (Gleason 8 and 9) greater than 1.0 mL in size (4/4 of these @entity0 positive by PET). @entity6 uptake in tumors was positively correlated with Gleason score (   = 0.64; @entity5 expression,    = 0.47; and @entity3 ,    = 0.52). There was significantly lower @entity6 uptake in benign @entity2 than @entity1 (median maximum standardized uptake value, 2.2 vs. 3.5; P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Although the sensitivity of @entity4 -DCFBC for primary prostate cancer was less than MR imaging, @entity4 -DCFBC PET was able to detect the more clinically significant high-grade and @entity1 (Gleason score 8 and 9) with higher specificity than MR imaging. In particular, there was relatively low @entity6 PET uptake in benign @entity2 , compared with cancer in the prostate, which may allow for more specific detection of primary prostate cancer by @entity4 -DCFBC PET. This study demonstrates the utility of @entity5 -based PET, which may be used in conjunction with MR imaging to identify clinically significant prostate cancer.

title: 18F-DCFBC PET/CT for XXXX -Based Detection and Characterization of Primary Prostate Cancer.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to investigate cognitive enhancing property of @entity10 -converting enzymes inhibitors (ACEI) and @entity10 receptor blockers (ARBs) in @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The elevated plus maze (EPM), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were used to assess cognitive enhancing activity in young and aged @entity0 . @entity6 (10 mg/kg, p.o.), @entity7 (10 mg/kg, i.p), @entity11 (20 mg/kg, i.p), and @entity1 (20 mg/kg, p.o) were administered to assess their effect on learning and memory. @entity9 (1 mg/kg, i.p) was used to impair cognitive function. @entity4 (200 mg/kg, i.p) was used as reference drug. RESULTS: All the treatments significantly attenuated @entity5 induced by aging and @entity9 . In EPM, aged and @entity9 -treated @entity0 showed an increase in transfer latency (TL) whereas, ACEI and ARBs showed a significant decrease in TL. Treatment with ACEI and ARBs significantly increased step down latencies and decreased latency to reach the platform in target quadrant in young, aged and @entity9 -treated animals in @entity3 and @entity2 , respectively. The treatments inhibited @entity8 ( @entity8 ) enzyme in the brain. Similarly, all the treatments attenuated @entity9 -induced lipid peroxidation and normalize antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the cognitive enhancing effect of ACEI and ARBs may be due to inhibition of @entity8 or by regulation of antioxidant system or increase in formation of @entity12 .

title: Cognitive enhancing effect of @entity10 -converting enzyme inhibitors and XXXX receptor blockers on learning and memory.

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to investigate cognitive enhancing property of @entity10 -converting enzymes inhibitors (ACEI) and @entity10 receptor blockers (ARBs) in @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The elevated plus maze (EPM), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were used to assess cognitive enhancing activity in young and aged @entity0 . @entity6 (10 mg/kg, p.o.), @entity7 (10 mg/kg, i.p), @entity11 (20 mg/kg, i.p), and @entity1 (20 mg/kg, p.o) were administered to assess their effect on learning and memory. @entity9 (1 mg/kg, i.p) was used to impair cognitive function. @entity4 (200 mg/kg, i.p) was used as reference drug. RESULTS: All the treatments significantly attenuated @entity5 induced by aging and @entity9 . In EPM, aged and @entity9 -treated @entity0 showed an increase in transfer latency (TL) whereas, ACEI and ARBs showed a significant decrease in TL. Treatment with ACEI and ARBs significantly increased step down latencies and decreased latency to reach the platform in target quadrant in young, aged and @entity9 -treated animals in @entity3 and @entity2 , respectively. The treatments inhibited @entity8 ( @entity8 ) enzyme in the brain. Similarly, all the treatments attenuated @entity9 -induced lipid peroxidation and normalize antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the cognitive enhancing effect of ACEI and ARBs may be due to inhibition of @entity8 or by regulation of antioxidant system or increase in formation of @entity12 .

title: Cognitive enhancing effect of XXXX -converting enzyme inhibitors and @entity10 receptor blockers on learning and memory.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: LDL-immune complexes (IC) have a powerful pathogenic role for inducing foam cell formation in vitro more efficiently than any other known mechanism. Studies have also shown that plasma LDL-IC concentration is a powerful marker for the development of @entity3 . The structure, @entity5 composition and antioxidant concentrations of @entity7 and LDL are quite similar. The same oxidation pattern has also been described for both lipoproteins. Modified forms of @entity7 , some resembling oxidized @entity7 , have been identified in @entity0 @entity1 . The existence of autoantibodies against MDA- @entity7 in vivo is also presented. Therefore, we suppose that @entity7 might trigger an immune response leading to the production of autoantibodies and subsequently to the formation of immune complexes. This study examined the existence of IgG-bound @entity7 -IC and investigated its value as a risk factor for the development of @entity3 . METHODS: We developed two "sandwich" ELISAs for measuring plasma @entity7 -IC and LDL-IC concentrations, using anti-human IgG( @entity6 ) as the capture antibody, and quantitating with monoclonal anti-apo(a) or anti- @entity4 enzyme conjugate. Their concentrations were studied in 160 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 290 control subjects. RESULTS: Plasma TC, @entity9 , TG and @entity4 concentrations in @entity2 @entity0 were all significantly increased, whereas HDL-C and apoAI concentrations were decreased. The @entity7 concentrations in the @entity0 with @entity2 were also significantly different from those of control (262.4+/-220.0 vs. 211.3+/-199.4 mg/l, P<0.005). Plasma @entity7 -IC (2.24+/-1.71 vs. 1.62+/-1.50 @entity8 , P<0.0001) and LDL-IC (2.77+/-1.29 vs. 1.40+/-0.92 @entity8 , P<0.0001) concentrations in @entity0 with @entity2 were both significantly higher than those of control. The relationships between @entity7 -IC, LDL-IC concentrations and other lipid traits in all the studied subjects (n=450) were carried out. LDL-IC concentrations were positively correlated with @entity9 , @entity4 , TC, TG and @entity7 concentrations, while negatively correlated with HDL-C and apoAI concentrations, respectively. Similarly, @entity7 -IC concentrations were positively correlated with @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity4 and TC concentrations, while negatively correlated with HDL-C and apoAI concentrations, respectively. Furthermore, a significantly positive relation between LDL-IC and @entity7 -IC concentrations was also found (r=0.313, P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We report the existence of @entity7 -IC in both the plasma of @entity0 with @entity2 and control subjects. @entity7 -IC concentration increases in the @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Detection of IgG-bound lipoprotein(a) immune complexes in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: LDL-immune complexes (IC) have a powerful pathogenic role for inducing foam cell formation in vitro more efficiently than any other known mechanism. Studies have also shown that plasma LDL-IC concentration is a powerful marker for the development of @entity3 . The structure, @entity5 composition and antioxidant concentrations of @entity7 and LDL are quite similar. The same oxidation pattern has also been described for both lipoproteins. Modified forms of @entity7 , some resembling oxidized @entity7 , have been identified in @entity0 @entity1 . The existence of autoantibodies against MDA- @entity7 in vivo is also presented. Therefore, we suppose that @entity7 might trigger an immune response leading to the production of autoantibodies and subsequently to the formation of immune complexes. This study examined the existence of IgG-bound @entity7 -IC and investigated its value as a risk factor for the development of @entity3 . METHODS: We developed two "sandwich" ELISAs for measuring plasma @entity7 -IC and LDL-IC concentrations, using anti-human IgG( @entity6 ) as the capture antibody, and quantitating with monoclonal anti-apo(a) or anti- @entity4 enzyme conjugate. Their concentrations were studied in 160 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 290 control subjects. RESULTS: Plasma TC, @entity9 , TG and @entity4 concentrations in @entity2 @entity0 were all significantly increased, whereas HDL-C and apoAI concentrations were decreased. The @entity7 concentrations in the @entity0 with @entity2 were also significantly different from those of control (262.4+/-220.0 vs. 211.3+/-199.4 mg/l, P<0.005). Plasma @entity7 -IC (2.24+/-1.71 vs. 1.62+/-1.50 @entity8 , P<0.0001) and LDL-IC (2.77+/-1.29 vs. 1.40+/-0.92 @entity8 , P<0.0001) concentrations in @entity0 with @entity2 were both significantly higher than those of control. The relationships between @entity7 -IC, LDL-IC concentrations and other lipid traits in all the studied subjects (n=450) were carried out. LDL-IC concentrations were positively correlated with @entity9 , @entity4 , TC, TG and @entity7 concentrations, while negatively correlated with HDL-C and apoAI concentrations, respectively. Similarly, @entity7 -IC concentrations were positively correlated with @entity7 , @entity9 , @entity4 and TC concentrations, while negatively correlated with HDL-C and apoAI concentrations, respectively. Furthermore, a significantly positive relation between LDL-IC and @entity7 -IC concentrations was also found (r=0.313, P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We report the existence of @entity7 -IC in both the plasma of @entity0 with @entity2 and control subjects. @entity7 -IC concentration increases in the @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Detection of IgG-bound lipoprotein(a) immune complexes in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Vertebrates have acidic and basic isozymes of @entity5 synthetase, which participate in the first committed step of de novo @entity2 biosynthesis and/or the purine @entity1 cycle. These isozymes differ in their kinetic properties and N-leader sequences, and their regulation may vary with tissue type. Recombinant acidic and basic synthetases from @entity0 , in the presence of active site ligands, behave in analytical ultracentrifugation as dimers. Active site ligands enhance thermal stability of both isozymes. Truncated forms of both isozymes retain the kinetic parameters and the oligomerization status of the full-length proteins. @entity2 potently inhibits the acidic isozyme competitively with respect to IMP. In contrast, @entity2 weakly inhibits the basic isozyme noncompetitively with respect to all substrates. IMP inhibition of the acidic isozyme is competitive, and that of the basic isozyme noncompetitive, with respect to @entity3 . @entity4 potently inhibits both isozymes competitively with respect to IMP but becomes noncompetitive at saturating substrate concentrations. The above, coupled with structural information, suggests antagonistic interactions between the active sites of the basic isozyme, whereas active sites of the acidic isozyme seem functionally independent. @entity4 and IMP together may be dynamic regulators of the basic isozyme in muscle, causing potent inhibition of the synthetase under conditions of high @entity2 deaminase activity.

title: Variations in the response of @entity0 isozymes of XXXX synthetase to inhibitors of physiological relevance.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Vertebrates have acidic and basic isozymes of @entity5 synthetase, which participate in the first committed step of de novo @entity2 biosynthesis and/or the purine @entity1 cycle. These isozymes differ in their kinetic properties and N-leader sequences, and their regulation may vary with tissue type. Recombinant acidic and basic synthetases from @entity0 , in the presence of active site ligands, behave in analytical ultracentrifugation as dimers. Active site ligands enhance thermal stability of both isozymes. Truncated forms of both isozymes retain the kinetic parameters and the oligomerization status of the full-length proteins. @entity2 potently inhibits the acidic isozyme competitively with respect to IMP. In contrast, @entity2 weakly inhibits the basic isozyme noncompetitively with respect to all substrates. IMP inhibition of the acidic isozyme is competitive, and that of the basic isozyme noncompetitive, with respect to @entity3 . @entity4 potently inhibits both isozymes competitively with respect to IMP but becomes noncompetitive at saturating substrate concentrations. The above, coupled with structural information, suggests antagonistic interactions between the active sites of the basic isozyme, whereas active sites of the acidic isozyme seem functionally independent. @entity4 and IMP together may be dynamic regulators of the basic isozyme in muscle, causing potent inhibition of the synthetase under conditions of high @entity2 deaminase activity.

title: Variations in the response of XXXX isozymes of @entity5 synthetase to inhibitors of physiological relevance.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity10 @entity0 who require mechanical ventilation often develop @entity1 or @entity5 . Although there are differences in the prevalence of these complications among various institutions, there is no evidence that aggressive treatment shortens the course of the @entity8 . We have quantified the severity of @entity4 and @entity2 of respiratory intervention in @entity10 @entity0 admitted to the neuro-critical care unit. DESIGN: We retrospectively identified all mechanically ventilated @entity10 @entity0 admitted in our unit between 1990 and 1998. SETTING: Neuro-critical care unit of a tertiary care center in an urban area with a large, established, regional @entity9 program. @entity0 : Eighteen @entity7 @entity0 with 24 episodes of @entity6 requiring mechanical ventilation. INTERVENTIONS: A novel respiratory intervention index, comprising the use of suction, intermittent positive-pressure breathing or bronchodilator treatments, sighs, and chest physiotherapy represented the @entity2 of the respiratory treatment. The respiratory intervention index was correlated with the @entity4 score, used as a measure of lung involvement and other respiratory variables. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Our @entity0 had less @entity5 and @entity1 than previously published series (46% vs. 91%), leading to shorter mechanical support and neuro-critical care unit stay. The mean respiratory intervention index correlated with @entity4 score and inversely with forced vital capacity. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents an estimate for both severity of @entity3 and intensity of respiratory therapy in the severe @entity10 @entity0 with mechanical ventilatory compromise. Our results suggest that aggressive respiratory treatment should be used in @entity10 @entity0 in crisis to diminish the risk for prolonged @entity6 . These observations should be validated in a prospective study.

title: Ventilatory care in XXXX crisis: assessing the baseline adverse event rate.

answer: @entity7


abstract: From 1979 to 1985, 109 @entity0 were treated for @entity6 caused by postinfarction @entity7 . @entity6 was predominant in all @entity0 at the time of diagnosis, 73% of whom were in Functional Class III or IV. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure averaged 23.8 +/- 0.8 mm Hg (mean +/- standard error of the mean), total ejection fraction 29.7% +/- 1.0%, and telediastolic volume of the @entity4 76.2 +/- 5.8 ml. Aneurysmectomy was performed in 49 @entity0 (45%), whereas the remaining 60 @entity0 were treated medically. The two groups did not differ in regard to clinical and hemodynamic data on admission, except for a more extensive @entity5 in the surgical group. Follow-up was obtained for all @entity0 (100%) and averaged 48 +/- 3 months. Actuarial survival curves were similar, and the 5-year survival rates for surgical and medical groups were 70 +/- 7% and 64% +/- 7%, respectively (not significant). However, the 5-year complication-free rate was significantly (p = 0.05) higher among surgical @entity0 (52% +/- 8%) than among the medical group (31% +/- 7%). Multivariate analysis showed the following variables to influence survival independently (p less than 0.05): contractile segment ejection fraction, @entity1 , antecedents of @entity8 or @entity10 , and corrected contractile score. Independent variables decreasing the risk of @entity3 and @entity2 (p less than 0.05) were as follows: surgical treatment, shorter interval between initial @entity9 and diagnosis of @entity4 , and absence of @entity1 . Functional improvement was directly related to surgical treatment and to residual segment contractile score (p less than 0.05). Thus, in @entity0 with @entity6 caused by @entity7 , surgical treatment improved the quality of life and prognosis for @entity3 , but did not increase overall survival, compared to medical management of similar @entity0 .

title: @entity7 with predominating XXXX . A comparative study of medical and surgical treatment.

answer: @entity6


abstract: From 1979 to 1985, 109 @entity0 were treated for @entity6 caused by postinfarction @entity7 . @entity6 was predominant in all @entity0 at the time of diagnosis, 73% of whom were in Functional Class III or IV. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure averaged 23.8 +/- 0.8 mm Hg (mean +/- standard error of the mean), total ejection fraction 29.7% +/- 1.0%, and telediastolic volume of the @entity4 76.2 +/- 5.8 ml. Aneurysmectomy was performed in 49 @entity0 (45%), whereas the remaining 60 @entity0 were treated medically. The two groups did not differ in regard to clinical and hemodynamic data on admission, except for a more extensive @entity5 in the surgical group. Follow-up was obtained for all @entity0 (100%) and averaged 48 +/- 3 months. Actuarial survival curves were similar, and the 5-year survival rates for surgical and medical groups were 70 +/- 7% and 64% +/- 7%, respectively (not significant). However, the 5-year complication-free rate was significantly (p = 0.05) higher among surgical @entity0 (52% +/- 8%) than among the medical group (31% +/- 7%). Multivariate analysis showed the following variables to influence survival independently (p less than 0.05): contractile segment ejection fraction, @entity1 , antecedents of @entity8 or @entity10 , and corrected contractile score. Independent variables decreasing the risk of @entity3 and @entity2 (p less than 0.05) were as follows: surgical treatment, shorter interval between initial @entity9 and diagnosis of @entity4 , and absence of @entity1 . Functional improvement was directly related to surgical treatment and to residual segment contractile score (p less than 0.05). Thus, in @entity0 with @entity6 caused by @entity7 , surgical treatment improved the quality of life and prognosis for @entity3 , but did not increase overall survival, compared to medical management of similar @entity0 .

title: XXXX with predominating @entity6 . A comparative study of medical and surgical treatment.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to determine the role, if any, of the mitochondrial permeability transition in the pathogenesis of @entity7 in a representative systemic organ during the acute phase of @entity8 . DESIGN: A well-established, normotensive feline model was employed to determine whether pretreatment with @entity2 , a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition, reduces the severity of @entity7 in the ileum during acute @entity8 . SETTING: The Ohio State University Medical Center research laboratory. SUBJECTS Adult, male conditioned @entity4 . INTERVENTIONS: Volume resuscitation and maintenance of acid/base balance and tissue @entity1 availability were provided, as needed, to minimize the potentially confounding effects of tissue @entity5 and/or @entity6 on the experimental results. Following isotonic saline vehicle (control; n = 6), lipopolysaccharide (3.0 mg/kg, intravenously; n = 10), or @entity2 (6 mg/kg, intravenously; n = 7) followed in 60 mins by lipopolysaccharide (3.0 mg/kg, intravenously) administration, ileal samples were obtained at 4 hrs posttreatment, and mitochondrial ultrastructure was assessed. Objective comparisons of mitochondrial ultrastructural morphology were performed by using digital image analyses. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: As expected, significant @entity7 was apparent in the ileal tissues by 4 hrs following LPS treatment, despite maintenance of regional tissue @entity1 availability. Objective evaluation of mitochondrial morphology demonstrated characteristics consistent with high-amplitude swelling. @entity2 pretreatment protected against the development of these LPS-induced @entity7 , an effect not attributable to the suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced @entity0 necrosis factor-alpha production. CONCLUSIONS: These investigations are the first to demonstrate a protective effect of @entity2 against @entity7 in a representative systemic organ during acute @entity8 . We propose that @entity7 likely related to induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition may participate in the pathogenesis of systemic organ injury and organ failures during acute @entity3 .

title: @entity2 ameliorates mitochondrial ultrastructural injury in the ileum during acute XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to determine the role, if any, of the mitochondrial permeability transition in the pathogenesis of @entity7 in a representative systemic organ during the acute phase of @entity8 . DESIGN: A well-established, normotensive feline model was employed to determine whether pretreatment with @entity2 , a potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition, reduces the severity of @entity7 in the ileum during acute @entity8 . SETTING: The Ohio State University Medical Center research laboratory. SUBJECTS Adult, male conditioned @entity4 . INTERVENTIONS: Volume resuscitation and maintenance of acid/base balance and tissue @entity1 availability were provided, as needed, to minimize the potentially confounding effects of tissue @entity5 and/or @entity6 on the experimental results. Following isotonic saline vehicle (control; n = 6), lipopolysaccharide (3.0 mg/kg, intravenously; n = 10), or @entity2 (6 mg/kg, intravenously; n = 7) followed in 60 mins by lipopolysaccharide (3.0 mg/kg, intravenously) administration, ileal samples were obtained at 4 hrs posttreatment, and mitochondrial ultrastructure was assessed. Objective comparisons of mitochondrial ultrastructural morphology were performed by using digital image analyses. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: As expected, significant @entity7 was apparent in the ileal tissues by 4 hrs following LPS treatment, despite maintenance of regional tissue @entity1 availability. Objective evaluation of mitochondrial morphology demonstrated characteristics consistent with high-amplitude swelling. @entity2 pretreatment protected against the development of these LPS-induced @entity7 , an effect not attributable to the suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced @entity0 necrosis factor-alpha production. CONCLUSIONS: These investigations are the first to demonstrate a protective effect of @entity2 against @entity7 in a representative systemic organ during acute @entity8 . We propose that @entity7 likely related to induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition may participate in the pathogenesis of systemic organ injury and organ failures during acute @entity3 .

title: XXXX ameliorates mitochondrial ultrastructural injury in the ileum during acute @entity8 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The fine distribution and ultrastructural changes in the intraovarian lymphatics were studied in the developing corpus luteum of @entity2 . Three days after @entity0 chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) injection, lymphatic capillaries were observed among theca lutein but not granulosa cells. This distribution persisted even on day 14. @entity1 appeared around the lymphatic capillaries, corresponding to dilatation of @entity3 surrounding the membrana granulosa. The diameter and perimeter of the latter vessels were about 5 times greater than before HCG injection. Lymphatic capillaries were slightly dilated and about 2 times their original diameter and perimeter. Flocculent material migrated into the lumen of the lymphatics through the open junctions. Lysosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum were increased in number in the lymphatic endothelial cells. Five and 7 days after HCG injection macrophages and sometimes loose, degenerated lutein cells were observed in the lymphatic capillaries. Fourteen days after HCG injection, the dilatation of @entity3 disappeared, although lymphatic capillaries remained slightly dilated after day 3. Some lymphatic but not blood vascular endothelial cells began to degenerate. The results suggest that lymphatic capillaries function to absorb and transport excess fluid and "hormones" in association with changes in ultrastructure.

title: Fine structure and morphometric analysis of lymphatic capillaries in the developing corpus luteum of the XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aim of this study is to evaluate the use of intraoperative intra-arterial urokinase infusion (IIUI) in overcoming residual thrombi after thromboembolectomy in acute @entity1 . METHODS:                 <AbstractText Label="DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">retrospective study over a 3-year period. SETTING: University affiliated hospital. @entity0 : 21 @entity0 with acute @entity1 who underwent IIUI after embolectomy (18 transfemoral, 3 transpopliteal) had failed to achieve adequate distal perfusion. Postoperatively, all @entity0 were maintained on full dose heparinization. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: complete or partial clot lysis on post-IIUI angiography; restoration of pedal pulses and a viable leg at discharge. RESULTS: Angiographically, complete and partial lysis was demonstrated in 14 and 3 @entity0 , respectively. Two @entity0 with prolonged @entity1 required fasciotomy. One of these eventually had an amputation. Altogether, limb amputations (1 above knee, 2 below knee) were necessary in 3 @entity0 . The angiographic appearance of lysis correlated well with the restoration of pedal pulses and/or limb viability. One @entity0 died of @entity2 3 days after the procedure. Postoperatively, there were 5 (24%) wound @entity3 of which 1 required surgical exploration. Over a mean follow-up period of 8 months (range 1-16), limb salvage was sustained in the 17 @entity0 with successful angiographic lysis. CONCLUSIONS: IIUI is an effective therapeutic adjunct to failed embolectomy in acute @entity1 . Use of this procedure is recommended as part of the routine management in such cases.

title: Intraoperative intra-arterial urokinase therapy after failed embolectomy in acute XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The clinical course of acute @entity4 varies from a mild, transitory illness to a severe, rapidly fatal disease. In about 80% to 90% of cases @entity4 presents as a mild, self-limiting disease with low morbidity and mortality. Unlike mild @entity4 , @entity4 develops in about 15% of @entity0 , with @entity3 of @entity1 representing the single most important risk factor for a fatal outcome. Infection of @entity1 in the natural course develops in the second and third week after onset of the disease and is reported in 40% to 70% of @entity0 with @entity4 . Just recently, prevention of @entity3 by prophylactic antibiotic treatment and assessment of the @entity3 status of @entity1 by fine-needle aspiration have been established in the management of severe @entity4 . Because medical treatment alone will result in a mortality rate of almost 100% in @entity0 with signs of @entity2 , @entity0 with infected @entity1 must undergo surgical intervention, which consists of an organ-preserving necrosectomy combined with a postoperative closed lavage concept that maximizes further evacuation of infected debris and exudate. However, intensive care treatment, including prophylactic antibiotics, reduces the @entity3 rate and delays the need for surgery in most @entity0 until the third or fourth week after the onset of symptoms. At that time, debridement of @entity1 is technically easier to perform, due to better demarcation between viable and @entity1 tissue compared with necrosectomy earlier in the disease. In contrast, surgery is rarely needed in the presence of sterile @entity1 . In those @entity0 the conservative approach is supported by the present data.

title: @entity3 in acute XXXX .

answer: @entity4