abstract: UNASSIGNED: The gullet worm (Gongylonema pulchrum) has been recorded from a variety of mammals worldwide. In an earlier study, we demonstrated two separate transmission cycles in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and wild mammals in Japan based on @entity4 sequences of the ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) region of mitochondrial DNA of multiple isolates of different origins. Our earlier study additionally demonstrated two major @entity6 haplotypes of G. pulchrum prevalent in @entity1 in Japan. In the present study, we collected G. pulchrum from @entity1 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Alashan League, Inner Mongolia, China; Gongylonema aegypti from spiny @entity0 (Acomys dimidiatus) in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt; and Gongylonema neoplasticum from a @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in Okinawa Island, Japan, to analyze their genetic relationships with G. pulchrum in Japan. The gullet worms from Alashan League had almost identical rDNA @entity4 sequences and two @entity6 haplotypes as seen in G. pulchrum from the @entity1 in Japan. The two rodent Gongylonema spp. had distinct rDNA @entity4 sequences compared with those of G. pulchrum; only the 18S and 5.8S rDNA sequences showed high identities at 97.2-98.7  %, while the remaining sequences were less than 75  % identical. The 18S, 5.8S, and 28S rDNA sequences of the two rodent Gongylonema spp. showed @entity4 identities of 99.8  % (1811/1814), 100  % (158/158), and 98.9  % (3550/3590), respectively. The @entity6 regions showed 91.6  % (338/369)-92.1  % (340/369) identities, with completely identical @entity3 sequences. The genetic diversities of three distinct Gongylonema spp. and their possible intraspecific genetic variation may allow us to resolve the taxonomic position of Gongylonema spp. which display few obvious morphological differences from their congeners. Consequently, the Gongylonema isolate from water buffaloes ( @entity8 ) in Nepal reported in our previous study is concluded to be a new species, and Gongylonema nepalensis @entity7 . is erected for it.

title: Intraspecific and interspecific genetic variation of Gongylonema pulchrum and two rodent Gongylonema spp. (G. aegypti and G. neoplasticum), with the proposal of G. nepalensis XXXX . for the isolate in water buffaloes from Nepal.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is an inheritable @entity1 for which enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been available since 2006. Effects of ERT have been shown on distance walked, pulmonary function and survival. We investigated whether it also improves quality of life and participation in daily life in adult @entity0 with the disease. METHODS: In an international survey, we assessed quality of life (Short Form 36, SF-36) and participation (Rotterdam Handicap Scale, @entity3 ) annually between 2002 and 2012. Repeated measurements mixed effects models were used to describe the data over time. RESULTS: Responses were available for 174 adult @entity0 . In the periods before and after start of ERT, the median follow-up times were 4  years each (range 0.5-8). The SF-36 Physical Component Summary measure (PCS) deteriorated before ERT (-0.73 score points per year (sp/y); CI 95  % -1.07 to -0.39), while it improved in the first 2  years of ERT (1.49 sp/y; CI 0.76 to 2.21), and remained stable thereafter. The Mental Component Summary measure (MCS) remained stable before and during ERT. After declining beforehand (-0.49 sp/year; CI -0.64 to-0.34), the @entity3 stabilized under ERT. CONCLUSION: In adult @entity0 with @entity2 , ERT positively affects quality of life and participation in daily life. Our results reinforce previous findings regarding the effect of ERT on muscle strength, pulmonary function and survival.

title: Quality of life and participation in daily life of adults with XXXX receiving enzyme replacement therapy: 10  years of international follow-up.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effects of pre-transplantation medication for secondary @entity4 on post-transplantation @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 levels have not yet been conclusively determined. Therefore, this study sought to determine the level of off-label use of cinacalcet and to determine predictors of its administration during the long-term follow-up of a cohort of individuals who received deceased-donor renal transplants. Furthermore, safety considerations concerning the off-label use of cinacalcet are addressed. METHODS: This was a case-control study of 355 stable renal transplant recipients. The @entity0 cohort was divided into two groups. Transplant group A comprised @entity0 who did not receive cinacalcet treatment, and transplant group B comprised @entity0 who received cinacalcet treatment during follow-up after renal transplantation. The characteristics of the @entity0 were evaluated to determine predictors of cinacalcet use after successful renal transplantation. RESULTS: Compared with the control individuals (n   =   300), the cinacalcet-treated individuals (n   =   55) had significantly higher @entity2 levels at 4  weeks post-transplantation (20.3        1.6 versus 40.7        4.0 pmol/L, p   =   0.0000) when they were drug naive. At 3.2  years post-transplantation, cinacalcet-treated @entity0 showed higher @entity2 (26.2        2.3 versus 18.4        2.3 pmol/L, p   =   0.0000), higher @entity1 (2.42        0.03 versus 2.33        0.01  mmol/L, p   =   0.0045) and lower @entity3 (0.95        0.04 versus 1.06        0.17  mmol/L, p   =   0.0021) levels. Individuals in the verum group were more likely to receive cinacalcet therapy (45.5% versus 14.3%, p   =   0.0000), and they had higher pill burdens for the treatment of @entity4 (1.40        0.08 versus 0.72        0.03 pills per @entity0 , p   =   0.0000) whilst they were on the waiting list for transplantation. Regression analysis confirmed the associations between @entity4 and @entity2 levels at 4  weeks post-transplantation (p   =   0.0001), cinacalcet use (p   =   0.0000) and the preoperative total pill burden (p   =   0.0000). Renal function was the same in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Parathyroid gland dysfunction pre-transplantation translates into clinically relevant @entity4 post-transplantation, despite @entity0 being administered more intensive treatment whilst on dialysis. @entity2 levels at 4  weeks post-transplantation might serve as a marker for the occurrence of @entity4 during follow-up.

title: Vitamin D and cinacalcet administration pre-transplantation predict XXXX post-transplantation: a case-control study of 355 deceased-donor renal transplant recipients over 3  years.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Both the variety and rarity of @entity3 pose challenge for using histologic grade and biomarkers to predict outcome. @entity6 is the histologic subtype for which grading is most prognostically and therapeutically relevant. This @entity0 is graded using standard schemes in a 3-tier manner with the intermediate-grade category shows the most variability between grading systems and thus the most controversy in management. The t(11;19)(q21; @entity9 ) @entity10 - @entity11 translocation may be an objective marker that can help to further stratify difficult cases. @entity5 are graded based on pattern with solid areas correlating with a worse prognosis. Occasionally, @entity5 may undergo transformation to highly @entity2 @entity3 with frequent nodal metastases. Comparative genomic hybridization has revealed several chromosomal regions (such as 1p32- @entity12 , 6q23-q27) of prognostic interest in @entity5 . @entity3 ex-pleomorphic @entity4 is actually a category of @entity0 rather than a single @entity0 type with both @entity2 and indolent versions. These @entity0 should be further qualified as to type/grade of @entity3 and extent, as intracapsular and minimally invasive @entity0 behave favorably. @entity7 , although generally considered low grade, can recur, metastasize, or even prove lethal in a significant number of cases suggesting amenability to a grading scheme to separate these biologic groups. Although @entity2 histologic parameters ( @entity8 , @entity1 , and mitoses) are predictive of poor outcome, a standard grading scheme does not yet exists. @entity7 can also undergo high-grade transformation.

title: Histologic grading and prognostic biomarkers in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: We investigated exercise capacity after fluid depletion in @entity0 with moderate @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Twenty-one @entity0 underwent ultrafiltration (mean volume +/- SEM: 1,770 +/- 135 ml). Echocardiography, tests of pulmonary function, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test with hemodynamic and esophageal pressure monitoring were performed before ultrafiltration and 3 months later. Tests without invasive measurements were repeated 4 and 30 days after ultrafiltration. Twenty-one control @entity0 followed the same protocol but did not have ultrafiltration. @entity0 who underwent ultrafiltration and increased their @entity1 consumption at peak exercise (peak VO2) by > 10% at the 3-month evaluation (group A1, n = 9) were separated from those who did not (group A2, n = 8); 3 @entity0 did not complete the follow-up. Four days after the procedure, peak VO2 had risen from 17.3 +/- 0.8 to 19.3 +/- 0.9 ml/min/kg in group A1, and from 11.9 +/- 0.7 to 14.1 +/- 0.7 ml/min/kg in group A2 (p < 0.01). Plasma @entity3 and pulmonary function were consistent with a greater severity of the syndrome in group A2. At 3 months in group A1, the relations of filling pressure to cardiac index of the right and left ventricles were shifted upward; the esophageal pressure swing (differences between end-expiratory and end-inspiratory pressure) for a given tidal volume was lower; the peak exercise dynamic lung compliance had increased from 0.10 +/- 0.05 to 0.14 +/- 0.03 L/mm Hg (p < 0.01). None of these changes were detected in group A2 and control @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Lung-heart interaction as a substrate for the improvement in exercise capacity after body fluid volume depletion in moderate XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are a heterogenous group of rare @entity2 with incomplete information on global and regional prevalence. The recently introduced lymphoma classifications define distinctive clinicopathological disease entities that should allow for more accurate epidemiological assessment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical spectrum of @entity2 diagnosed and treated at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology in St. P  lten, Lower Austria, a dermatology referral centre providing secondary and tertiary care for a population of about 600  000. METHODS: In this retrospective study pathology reports, electronically archived between 2006 and 2013, were screened for the @entity2 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ). @entity0 were diagnosed according to the current WHO-EORTC classification for @entity2 and results were compared with data from European, US and Asian centres. RESULTS: Among 86 @entity0 with @entity2 (age 58.3      17.35  years, mean    SD; @entity0 38%, n  =  33; @entity0 62%, n  =  53) 83% (n  =  71) were classified as @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and 17% (n  =  15) as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Nine @entity0 with @entity3 showed associated @entity1 and malignomas. Among 47 @entity6 @entity0 following variants were observed: pilotropic @entity6 (n  =  2), @entity8 (n  =  1), unilesional @entity6 (n  =  1), large-cell transformation (n  =  3), erythrodermic @entity6 (n  =  1), poikilodermatous @entity6 (n  =  2) and @entity4 (CD8(+) @entity6 with gamma/delta phenotype after renal transplantation) (n  =  1). One @entity0 had @entity6 concurrent with @entity7 . The group of @entity5 comprised six cases (40%) of PCMZL and PCFCL each, 20% (n  =  3) were classified as PCLBCL, LT. CONCLUSION: This study for the first time provides data on the distribution of @entity2 clinicopathologic variants and stages according to the latest classification and staging systems in an Austrian referral centre.

title: Frequency of primary XXXX variants in Austria: retrospective data from a dermatology referral centre between 2006 and 2013.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In a prospective pilot study, 32 @entity0 with advanced inoperable @entity5 of the @entity2 were treated with polychemotherapy and hyaluronidase combined with radiation therapy. Polychemotherapy consisted of 5 mg @entity7 on day 1 and 80 mg/m2 @entity4 on day 2. The @entity0 were given 200,000 IU hyaluronidase intravenously 20 minutes prior to @entity7 and @entity4 . Radiation in fractions of 2 Gy per day was administered on the following days (days 3-5, 8-12, 15-18), that is, 12 times. This regimen was repeated twice starting with day 22 and 43. Side effects were mainly of local character: moderate to severe @entity1 in 10 @entity0 and mild @entity1 in 22 @entity0 . No severe systemic @entity3 was observed. Complete remission was achieved in 27 of 32 @entity0 . At present, 16 @entity0 are alive and without relapse. The average time of follow-up is 47 months (range: 26-75 months). These preliminary results suggest that combined therapy with @entity7 , @entity4 , hyaluronidase, and radiation are well tolerated by most @entity0 and highly effective against advanced @entity6 and the neck.

title: Combined application of XXXX , @entity7 , hyaluronidase and radiation for treatment of advanced @entity5 of the @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In a prospective pilot study, 32 @entity0 with advanced inoperable @entity5 of the @entity2 were treated with polychemotherapy and hyaluronidase combined with radiation therapy. Polychemotherapy consisted of 5 mg @entity7 on day 1 and 80 mg/m2 @entity4 on day 2. The @entity0 were given 200,000 IU hyaluronidase intravenously 20 minutes prior to @entity7 and @entity4 . Radiation in fractions of 2 Gy per day was administered on the following days (days 3-5, 8-12, 15-18), that is, 12 times. This regimen was repeated twice starting with day 22 and 43. Side effects were mainly of local character: moderate to severe @entity1 in 10 @entity0 and mild @entity1 in 22 @entity0 . No severe systemic @entity3 was observed. Complete remission was achieved in 27 of 32 @entity0 . At present, 16 @entity0 are alive and without relapse. The average time of follow-up is 47 months (range: 26-75 months). These preliminary results suggest that combined therapy with @entity7 , @entity4 , hyaluronidase, and radiation are well tolerated by most @entity0 and highly effective against advanced @entity6 and the neck.

title: Combined application of @entity4 , @entity7 , hyaluronidase and radiation for treatment of advanced XXXX of the @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: In a prospective pilot study, 32 @entity0 with advanced inoperable @entity5 of the @entity2 were treated with polychemotherapy and hyaluronidase combined with radiation therapy. Polychemotherapy consisted of 5 mg @entity7 on day 1 and 80 mg/m2 @entity4 on day 2. The @entity0 were given 200,000 IU hyaluronidase intravenously 20 minutes prior to @entity7 and @entity4 . Radiation in fractions of 2 Gy per day was administered on the following days (days 3-5, 8-12, 15-18), that is, 12 times. This regimen was repeated twice starting with day 22 and 43. Side effects were mainly of local character: moderate to severe @entity1 in 10 @entity0 and mild @entity1 in 22 @entity0 . No severe systemic @entity3 was observed. Complete remission was achieved in 27 of 32 @entity0 . At present, 16 @entity0 are alive and without relapse. The average time of follow-up is 47 months (range: 26-75 months). These preliminary results suggest that combined therapy with @entity7 , @entity4 , hyaluronidase, and radiation are well tolerated by most @entity0 and highly effective against advanced @entity6 and the neck.

title: Combined application of @entity4 , XXXX , hyaluronidase and radiation for treatment of advanced @entity5 of the @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: In a prospective pilot study, 32 @entity0 with advanced inoperable @entity5 of the @entity2 were treated with polychemotherapy and hyaluronidase combined with radiation therapy. Polychemotherapy consisted of 5 mg @entity7 on day 1 and 80 mg/m2 @entity4 on day 2. The @entity0 were given 200,000 IU hyaluronidase intravenously 20 minutes prior to @entity7 and @entity4 . Radiation in fractions of 2 Gy per day was administered on the following days (days 3-5, 8-12, 15-18), that is, 12 times. This regimen was repeated twice starting with day 22 and 43. Side effects were mainly of local character: moderate to severe @entity1 in 10 @entity0 and mild @entity1 in 22 @entity0 . No severe systemic @entity3 was observed. Complete remission was achieved in 27 of 32 @entity0 . At present, 16 @entity0 are alive and without relapse. The average time of follow-up is 47 months (range: 26-75 months). These preliminary results suggest that combined therapy with @entity7 , @entity4 , hyaluronidase, and radiation are well tolerated by most @entity0 and highly effective against advanced @entity6 and the neck.

title: Combined application of @entity4 , @entity7 , hyaluronidase and radiation for treatment of advanced @entity5 of the XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A major problem with pharmacologic treatments for @entity1 is the unpredictable nature of the clinical response. Therefore, many @entity0 are treated but few benefit from chemotherapy. Selection of @entity0 for drug treatment would greatly benefit both responders and nonresponders. @entity6 (MMC) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) are important drugs widely used in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 . In a prospective study, an in vitro chemoresistance-sensitivity assay (CR-SA) was performed for 95 @entity0 at the time of surgery for peritoneal @entity4 from @entity2 . Following cytoreductive surgery, all of these @entity0 had minimal-to-moderate @entity3 . All @entity0 were treated with the same chemotherapy regimen regardless of the results of the in vitro assay in the postoperative period. Clinical status of @entity0 was correlated to the assay predictions, and the results were statistically evaluated. When resistance was correlated with outcome, there was no statistical difference. In addition, the mean percentage of growth inhibition was not increased when responders and nonresponders were compared. Finally, more @entity0 who had > or = 95% in vitro growth inhibition of @entity1 did not survive than did those with < or = 95% growth inhibition. The in vitro test did not predict sensitivity or resistance to @entity1 when regional chemotherapy was administered in a clinical setting of peritoneal @entity4 .

title: Prognostic implications of chemoresistance-sensitivity assays for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVES: To analyze magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluator agreement in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) caused by @entity2 ( @entity2 ) using semiautomated and manual lesion segmentation and to analyze the associations between MRI and functional outcome. SETTING: United States of America. METHODS: T2-weighted MRIs from @entity0 with @entity3 resulting from thoracolumbar @entity2 were identified from a database. Evaluators categorized MRIs on the basis of the presence or absence of a T2-hyperintense @entity1 in axial and sagittal images. A semiautomated segmentation algorithm was developed and used to estimate the lesion volume. Agreement between evaluators and between semiautomated and manual segmentation was analyzed. The relationships of qualitative and quantitative MRIs with behavioral functional outcome were analyzed. RESULTS: Axial images more commonly depicted lesions compared with sagittal images. Lesions in axial images had more consistent associations with functional outcome compared with sagittal images. There was imperfect qualitative agreement, and lesion volume estimation was imprecise. However, there was improved precision using semiautomated segmentation compared with manual segmentation. CONCLUSION: Lesion volume estimation in @entity0 with naturally occurring @entity3 caused by @entity2 is challenging, and axial images have important advantages compared with sagittal images. The semiautomated segmentation algorithm described herein shows promise but may require further refinement.

title: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in a naturally occurring @entity0 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVES: To analyze magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluator agreement in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) caused by @entity2 ( @entity2 ) using semiautomated and manual lesion segmentation and to analyze the associations between MRI and functional outcome. SETTING: United States of America. METHODS: T2-weighted MRIs from @entity0 with @entity3 resulting from thoracolumbar @entity2 were identified from a database. Evaluators categorized MRIs on the basis of the presence or absence of a T2-hyperintense @entity1 in axial and sagittal images. A semiautomated segmentation algorithm was developed and used to estimate the lesion volume. Agreement between evaluators and between semiautomated and manual segmentation was analyzed. The relationships of qualitative and quantitative MRIs with behavioral functional outcome were analyzed. RESULTS: Axial images more commonly depicted lesions compared with sagittal images. Lesions in axial images had more consistent associations with functional outcome compared with sagittal images. There was imperfect qualitative agreement, and lesion volume estimation was imprecise. However, there was improved precision using semiautomated segmentation compared with manual segmentation. CONCLUSION: Lesion volume estimation in @entity0 with naturally occurring @entity3 caused by @entity2 is challenging, and axial images have important advantages compared with sagittal images. The semiautomated segmentation algorithm described herein shows promise but may require further refinement.

title: Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in a naturally occurring XXXX model of @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 with @entity3 may be at increased risk of @entity4 , including @entity1 . However, different studies of this have yielded conflicting results. The objective of this analysis was to review all existing published data in an attempt to determine whether there is such an association and, if so, to estimate the level of risk. METHODS: We have reviewed all of the published studies examining the prevalence of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 . We have compared these with a cohort of @entity0 drawn from the general population and participating in @entity2 screening programs. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 was 7.6% compared with 1.6% in the control group. The pooled odds ratio for @entity4 in @entity3 was 5.19 (p < 0.0001). In a small subgroup analysis, the odds ratio for @entity4 in @entity0 identified as having @entity3 with specialized columnar epithelium was 8.71 (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that @entity0 with @entity3 have an increased risk of @entity4 . This may be particularly true in those @entity0 with specialized columnar epithelium.

title: A systematic review of the association between @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 with @entity3 may be at increased risk of @entity4 , including @entity1 . However, different studies of this have yielded conflicting results. The objective of this analysis was to review all existing published data in an attempt to determine whether there is such an association and, if so, to estimate the level of risk. METHODS: We have reviewed all of the published studies examining the prevalence of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 . We have compared these with a cohort of @entity0 drawn from the general population and participating in @entity2 screening programs. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity3 was 7.6% compared with 1.6% in the control group. The pooled odds ratio for @entity4 in @entity3 was 5.19 (p < 0.0001). In a small subgroup analysis, the odds ratio for @entity4 in @entity0 identified as having @entity3 with specialized columnar epithelium was 8.71 (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that @entity0 with @entity3 have an increased risk of @entity4 . This may be particularly true in those @entity0 with specialized columnar epithelium.

title: A systematic review of the association between XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 , an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, commonly involves the stomach and small intestine with @entity4 . Herein we describe an unusual case of @entity5 involving the entire digestive tract. A 24-yr-old @entity0 came to our hospital presenting with @entity3 with marked peripheral @entity4 . Stool specimens were negative for parasites, ova, bacteria, and fungi. Barium and endoscopic studies showed thickened @entity1 folds of the duodenum and small intestine. Biopsy specimens of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, ileum, and colon showed @entity4 . A diagnosis of @entity5 involving the entire digestive tract was made, and therapy with @entity2 was started. Symptoms and peripheral @entity4 rapidly resolved, and biopsies of the digestive tract demonstrated no @entity4 . This case illustrates the expanded spectrum of the disease to the entire digestive tract and emphasizes the diagnostic usefulness of endoscopic biopsies. The initial presentation of @entity0 with @entity4 requires the evaluation of the entire digestive tract. It is worth noting that @entity5 can involve the entire digestive tract.

title: XXXX involving the entire digestive tract.

answer: @entity5


abstract: We sought to define cellular immune mechanisms of synergy between @entity0 -antigen-targeted monoclonal antibodies and chemotherapy. Established B16 @entity2 in @entity1 was treated with cytotoxic doses of @entity3 in combination with an antibody targeting @entity7 (aTRP1), a native @entity2 differentiation antigen. We find that Fcy receptors are required for efficacy, showing that antitumor activity of combination therapy is immune mediated. @entity5 (-/-) @entity1 deficient in adaptive immunity are able to clear @entity0 , and thus innate immunity is sufficient for efficacy. Furthermore, previously treated wild-type @entity1 are not significantly protected against @entity0 reinduction, as compared with @entity1 inoculated with irradiated B16 alone, consistent with a primarily innate immune mechanism of action of chemo-immunotherapy. In contrast, @entity1 @entity6 (NK) lymphocytes and nonclassical innate lymphocytes (ILC) due to deletion of the @entity4 receptor common gamma chain @entity4 yc(-/-)) are refractory to chemo-immunotherapy. Classical NK lymphocytes are not critical for treatment, as depletion of NK1.1    cells does not impair antitumor effect. Depletion of CD90   NK1.1    lymphocytes, however, both diminishes therapeutic benefit and decreases accumulation of macrophages within the @entity0 . @entity0 clearance during combination chemo-immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies against native antigen is mediated by the innate immune system. We highlight a novel potential role for CD90   NK1.1    ILCs in chemo-immunotherapy.

title: Requirement for innate immunity and CD90    NK1.1    lymphocytes to treat established XXXX with chemo-immunotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A thorough evaluation of @entity1 in @entity0 and adolescents is necessary to make the correct diagnosis and initiate treatment. In part 1 of this article (  zge et al. in J @entity2 , 2010), we reviewed the diagnosis of @entity1 in @entity0 and adolescents. In the present part, we will discuss therapeutic management of primary @entity1 . An appropriate management requires an individually tailored strategy giving due consideration to both non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures. Non-pharmacological treatments include relaxation training, biofeedback training, cognitive-behavioural therapy, different psychotherapeutic approaches or combinations of these treatments. The data supporting the effectiveness of these therapies are less clear-cut in @entity0 than in adults, but that is also true for the data supporting medical treatment. Management of @entity3 and TTH should include strategies relating to daily living activities, family relationships, school, friends and leisure time activities. In the pharmacological treatment age and gender of @entity0 , @entity1 diagnosis, comorbidities and side effects of medication must be considered. The goal of symptomatic treatment should be a quick response with return to normal activity and without relapse. The drug should be taken as early as possible and in the appropriate dosage. Supplementary measures such as rest in a quiet, darkened room is recommended. Pharmaco-prophylaxis is only indicated if lifestyle modification and non-pharmacological prophylaxis alone are not effective. Although many prophylactic medications have been tried in paediatric @entity3 , there are only a few medications that have been studied in controlled trials. Multidisciplinary treatment is an effective strategy for @entity0 and adolescents with improvement of multiple outcome variants including frequency and severity of @entity1 and school days missed because of @entity1 . As a growing problem both @entity0 and families should be informed about medication overuse and the @entity0 's drug-taking should be checked.

title: Overview of diagnosis and management of paediatric XXXX . Part II: therapeutic management.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the utility of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology as the initial modality in the investigation of @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: Fine needle aspiration biopsies performed on @entity0 presenting with diffuse or nodular @entity1 and solitary thyroid nodules at the @entity3 Medical College Hospitals, Bambolim @entity3 , India, from January 1986 to June 1993, were reviewed. Two thousand four biopsies were performed on 1,992 @entity0 , with 12 @entity0 undergoing repeat FNA biopsy at different times due to an inconclusive primary result. These repeat biopsies were also inconclusive and were excluded from the series, leaving 1,992 cases. Two hundred thirty-eight of these 1,992 cases underwent surgery, either excision of the nodule or some form of thyroidectomy for a cytologically suspicious diagnosis, compression symptoms or cosmetic reasons, and a cytohistopathologic correlation was established in these cases. Twenty-five of the 238 cases that had inadequate cytologic findings were excluded, and the accuracy was studied in the remaining 213 cases. RESULTS: The results of FNA classified 1,557 (78.16%) of these cases as benign, 151 (7.58%) as suspicious, 30 (1.51%) as malignant and 254 (12.75%) as unsatisfactory. Cytohistopathologic correlation was established in 238 cases, which were operated on. Nine (5.5%) of 163 cases with an FNA diagnosis of benign, 10 (26.3%) of 38 cases with an FNA diagnosis of suspicious and 11 (91.67%) of 12 cases with an FNA diagnosis of malignant were histologically malignant. CONCLUSION: FNA biopsy of the thyroid can be used effectively as the initial modality in the evaluation of @entity1 , both nodular and diffuse. It is very useful in detecting neoplastic foci in @entity2 and also in evaluating solitary thyroid nodules.

title: Role of fine needle aspiration cytology as the initial modality in the investigation of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: we developed a disability scale to monitor @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 , based on degree of function impairment and daily frequency of each symptom. MATERIAL _ METHODS: the scale was based on standardized questions and clinical examination. The scale was administered to 12 @entity0 , one or more times, for a total of 22 interviews. Each observation was recorded on videotape and reviewed by five independent observers. The ability of our scale to discriminate clinical changes was also compared with the Osserman classification. RESULTS: our scale showed from substantial to almost perfect inter and intraobserver agreement. Our findings showed that clinically relevant changes not detected by Osserman staging were disclosed by our scale. CONCLUSION: our scale is simple and easy to use in clinical practice. It offers an accurate means of evaluating disability in @entity1 @entity0 and may detect clinically relevant changes in disability. It would therefore be useful to monitor the effects of therapy.

title: Reliable disability scale for XXXX sensitive to clinical changes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Quality of voice after treatment for @entity4 @entity3 was studied in two matched groups of males treated either with @entity2 laser cordectomi (n = 18, mean age 65.2 years) or with full dose radiotherapy (n = 18, mean age 65.1 years). All @entity0 had histologically verified @entity3 . Fifteen male @entity0 (mean age 63.9 years) without @entity1 were used as controls. Voice recordings prior to treatment, and both at 3 months and at 2 years after completed treatment were analyzed. Acoustic measures of shimmer, jitter, breathiness, harmonic-to-noise ratio and fundamental frequency (F0) average were calculated with the Soundscope program. Two plain measures were also used: time required to read a running speech voice sample, and number of breaths. Perceptual voice analysis was performed blindly by two groups of listeners, Group A (4 experienced listeners) and Group B (4 naive listeners). Group A estimated quality of voice according to a modified GRBAS score, whereas Group B estimated Grade only. We found voice quality both at 3 months and at 2 years after radiotherapy to be significantly better than after laser treatment, as assessed by the acoustic variables breathiness, jitter, F0 average, running speech voice sample reading time and number of breaths. The perceptual variables Grade (Group A and B), Breathiness, Asthenia and Strain were also significantly better after radiotherapy.

title: Voice evaluation before and after laser excision vs. radiotherapy of XXXX glottic carcinoma.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite the high frequency of @entity7 secondary to traffic related accidents, the blunt @entity13 is extremely rare. METHOD: Case report and review of the literature using PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. RESULT: A 38 year old female @entity0 , victim of car accident was admitted. On primary survey the @entity0 was conscious, cooperative and hemodynamic and respiratory stable. On secondary survey was found a bilateral open leg @entity2 and a seat belt sign. Whole body Computed Tomography revealed minimal haemorrhagic contusion of the cortex, @entity10 and @entity12 , bilateral @entity2 , @entity5 , left @entity11 and @entity2 to the lumbar spinal column. After bilateral pleurostomy, the @entity0 becomes hemodynamically unstable, but with no signs of external @entity6 . The transthoracic echocardiography revealed an acute severe @entity8 with @entity1 . After orthopaedic surgeries, the tricuspid valve @entity4 was managed by replacing the valve with a bioprostheses. The hospital stay was 122 days. CONCLUSION: Only a high index of suspicion may reveal @entity3 as a cause for @entity9 in acute setting.

title: Traumatic Tricuspid Valve Rupture after Blunt XXXX - A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Torsion is an uncommon @entity2 are one of the rarest causes of @entity6 . To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of an @entity1 presenting with both @entity6 and @entity3 . CASE PRESENTATION: We herein present a case report of a 41 year old indian female @entity0 who presented with @entity3 (hemoglobin concentration 6.5 g/dL) and intermittent @entity4 caused by torsion of a @entity5 . A computed tomography scan, showed an @entity1 with free fluid in the abdominal cavity. At abdominal exploration, 1.5 L of hemorrhagic fluid was confirmed in the abdominal cavity. The cyst and twisted omentum were removed en bloc. The @entity0 had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged on day 8. At her 2-month follow-up, she was no longer anemic (hemoglobin concentration 10.7 g/dL). CONCLUSION: Cases of @entity3 associated with @entity6 have been reported in @entity0 ; however, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of such a presentation in an adult. In such @entity0 , surgical removal is the treatment of choice. @entity0 with recurrent @entity4 and @entity3 must be assessed carefully and their differential diagnosis should include @entity6 . Appropriate diagnosis and treatment help avoid complications.

title: XXXX as One of Presenting Symptoms in an Adult with Cyst and Torsion of the Omentum - A Case Report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: To retrospectively analyze the early and the midterm results of endovascular management of @entity6 with the kissing stent technique. METHODS: From January 2005 to September 2012, 229 consecutive endovascular interventions for @entity6 were performed; data from all the interventions were prospectively collected in a dedicated database. In 41 @entity0 , the kissing stent technique at the level of aortic bifurcation was performed (group 1), whereas in the remaining 188 it was not (group 2). Perioperative results were compared with chi-squared test. Follow-up results were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier curves and compared with log-rank test. RESULTS: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II C and D lesions were present in 66% of @entity0 in group 1 and in 28.5% in group 2 (P  <  0.001), whereas @entity3 rather than stenosis was detected in 78% of @entity0 in group 1 and in 50% in group 2 (P  =  0.001). The mean number of placed stents was 2.5 in group 1 and 1.4 in group 2 (P  <  0.001). Technical success was 100% in group 1 and 98% in group 2 (P  =  0.3). The rate of perioperative complications was 7.3% in group 1 and 4.2% in group 2 (P  =  0.4). At 30  days, neither deaths nor major @entity1 occurred. There was no @entity5 or significant restenosis at the early postoperative follow-up visit. Mean duration of follow-up was 22  months. Primary patency rates at 4  years were 70.5% (standard error [SE], 0.09) in group 1 and 75.5% (SE, 0.06) in group 2 (P  =  0.7). At the same interval, assisted primary and secondary patency and survival rates were also similar; reintervention rates were 15.5% in group 1 (SE, 0.1) and 19.5% in group 2 (SE, 0.06; P  =  0.6). CONCLUSIONS: The kissing stent technique provided satisfactory results in @entity0 with obstructive @entity2 , without an increase in immediate and @entity4 , representing an effective solution in complex anatomies.

title: Early and Midterm Results of Kissing Stent Technique in the Management of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of regular ingestion of @entity1 -containing food that is easily available in everyday life on the latency of the swallowing response ( @entity3 ). Pickled @entity2 cabbage was selected as the food for the present study. One portion (10  g) of pickled @entity2 cabbage provides 1.5    g of @entity1 . @entity0 ingested pickled @entity2 cabbage (10  g) before every meal for 20  days (days 1-20). @entity3 was measured pre-intervention (day 0) and post-intervention (day 21). The @entity0 then followed their regular diet, without foods containing red pepper, from day 21 to day 27, and @entity3 was measured on day 28 (follow-up @entity3 ). Sixteen elderly @entity0 (two male, 14 female; age 81.6      9.39  years) and 10 young @entity0 (all female; age 21.6      0.52  years) participated in the study. The pre-intervention @entity3 was 2.04      1.60  s in elderly @entity0 and 1.27      0.27  s in young @entity0 . In the elderly group, the post-intervention @entity3 (day 21) was 1.47      1.05   the follow-up @entity3 (day 28) was 1.99      1.80  s (p  =  0.044 and 0.502, respectively, compared to pre-intervention). In the young group, the post-intervention and follow-up @entity3 values were 1.07      0.20  s and 1.04      0.10  s, respectively (p  =  0.016 and 0.038, respectively, compared to pre-intervention). Swallowing function was improved by pickled @entity2 cabbage containing @entity1 , but @entity1 supplementation may need to be maintained to have an ongoing effect.

title: The Effect of XXXX -Containing Food on the Swallowing Response.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the impact of mid-treatment parotid gland shrinkage on long term @entity1 during IMRT for oropharyngeal SCC. METHODS AND MATERIALS: All @entity0 treated with IMRT at a single Institution from November 2007 to June 2010 and undergoing weekly CT scans were selected. Parotid glands were contoured retrospectively on the mid treatment CT scan. For each parotid gland, the percent change relative to the planning volume was calculated and combined as weighted average. @entity0 were considered to be xerostomic if developed GR2+ dry mouth according to CTCAE v3.0. Predictors of the time to @entity1 resolution or downgrade to 1 were investigated at both uni- and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 85 @entity0 were selected. With a median follow up of 35.8 months (range: 2.4-62.6 months), the actuarial rate of @entity1 is 26.2% (SD: 5.3%) and 15.9% (SD: 5.3%) at 2 and 3 yrs, respectively. At multivariate analysis, mid-treatment shrink along with weighted average mean parotid dose at planning and body mass index are independent predictors of the time to @entity1 resolution. @entity0 were pooled in 4 groups based on median values of both mid-treatment shrink (cut-off: 19.6%) and mean WA parotid @entity2 (cut-off: 35.7 Gy). @entity0 with a higher than median parotid dose at planning and who showed poor shrinkage at mid treatment are the ones with the outcome significantly worse (3-yr rate of @entity1         50%) than the other three subgroups (3-yr rate of @entity1         10%). CONCLUSION: For a given planned dose, @entity0 whose parotids significantly shrink during IMRT are less likely to be long-term supplemental fluids dependent.

title: Parotid gland shrinkage during IMRT predicts the time to XXXX resolution.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 for religious or lifestyle reasons poses a challenge to @entity0 who have undergone bariatric surgery. A total fast (abstaining from all forms of nourishment including liquids) during long summer days puts these @entity0 at risk of dehydration and poor calorie and nutrient intake. METHODS: We undertook telephone surveys of 24-h food recall, hunger and satiety scores, medication use, adverse symptoms and @entity1 scores on a fasting day in Ramadan and a non-fasting day subsequently. RESULTS: We studied 207 @entity0 (166 @entity0 ) who had undergone sleeve gastrectomy. The mean (standard error) age was 35.2 (0.7)   years. @entity0 and @entity0 consumed 20.4  % (P   =   0.018) and 16.9  % (P   <   0.001) fewer calories and 44.8  % (P   <   0.001) and 32.4  % (P   <   0.001) less protein during fasting, respectively. There was no significant difference in the intake of fluids or incidence of adverse gastrointestinal, hypoglycaemic and sympathoadrenal symptoms. Of @entity0 on pharmacotherapy, 89.5  % took their prescribed medications; 86.3  % made no changes to the doses, but 80.4  % changed the timing of the medications. Both @entity0 and @entity0 reported feeling less hungry and a preference for savoury foods during Ramadan. There was no difference in @entity1 scores. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 was well tolerated in @entity0 who had undergone sleeve gastrectomy. It may be advisable to raise awareness about dietary protein intake and managing medications appropriately during fasting.

title: Obesity Surgery and Ramadan: a Prospective Analysis of Nutritional Intake, Hunger and Satiety and Adaptive Behaviours During XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 have been under-represented in trials that set guidelines for the management of @entity3 . Several studies reported inferior outcomes in @entity0 compared with @entity0 after @entity2 repair (EVAR). We investigated the relationship between gender and outcomes after EVAR. METHODS: A total of 1380 consecutive @entity0 underwent elective EVAR from 1992 to 2012. Baseline, intraoperative, and postoperative variables by gender were analyzed from a prospective database. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 214 @entity0 (15.5%) and 1166 @entity0 (84.5%). @entity0 were older than @entity0 at repair (77.8 vs 74.5  years, P  < .001) and had less @entity1 (P  = .005). They had shorter (19.8     12.9 vs 26.3     14.7  mm; P  < .001) more angulated aortic necks (38.8       16.1   vs 31.2       14.7  ; P  < .001) and fewer @entity4 (P  = .002). @entity0 had more arterial reconstructions (iliac conduits, P  = .006; thrombolysis and thrombectomy, P  = .013; patch angioplasty, P  < .001; endarterectomy, P  < .001), more perioperative complications (16.9% vs 9.1%; P  = .001), and more in-hospital days (4.1 vs 3.4  days; P  = .029). Perioperative mortality was equivalent ( @entity0 : 2% vs @entity0 : 2.3%; P  = .73). Mean follow-up was 30.9  months. @entity0 and @entity0 experienced equivalent @entity2 -related deaths and overall survival. Survival curve analysis showed @entity5 were more likely to develop in @entity0 than @entity0 (P  = .005); however, there was no difference in rates of arterial reinterventions required for each gender during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Female gender is associated with more periprocedural complications, adjunctive arterial procedures, and increased @entity5 but does not affect long-term reinterventions or survival. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the effect of gender on outcomes. These data should be considered when selecting EVAR for @entity0 and @entity0 .

title: Evolution of gender-related differences in outcomes from two decades of XXXX repair.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Multi-centre MRI studies of the brain are essential for enrolling large and diverse @entity0 cohorts, as required for the investigation of heterogeneous neurological and @entity1 . However, the multi-site comparison of standard MRI data sets that are weighted with respect to tissue parameters such as the relaxation times (T1, T2) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) may be problematic, as signal intensities and image contrasts depend on site-specific details such as the sequences used, imaging parameters, and sensitivity profiles of the radiofrequency (RF) coils. Water or gel phantoms are frequently used for long-term and/or inter-site quality assessment. However, these phantoms hardly mimic the structure, shape, size or tissue distribution of the @entity0 brain. The goals of this study were: (1) to validate the long-term stability of a @entity0 post-mortem brain phantom, performing quantitative mapping of T1, T2, and @entity2 , and the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) over a period of 18months; (2) to acquire and analyse data for this phantom and the brain of a healthy control (HC) in a multi-centre study for MRI protocol standardization in four centres, while conducting a voxel-wise as well as whole brain grey (GM) and white matter (WM) tissue volume comparison. MTR, T2, and the quotient of @entity2 in WM and GM were stable in the post-mortem brain with no significant changes. T1 was found to decrease from 267/236ms (GM/WM) to 234/216ms between 5 and 17weeks post embedment, stabilizing during an 18-month period following the first scan at about 215/190ms. The volumetric measures, based on T1-weighted MP- @entity3 images obtained at all participating centres, revealed inter- and intra-centre variations in the evaluated GM and WM volumes that displayed similar trends in both the post-mortem brain as well as the HC. At a confidence level of 95%, brain regions such as the brainstem, deep GM structures as well as boundaries between GM and WM tissues were found to be less reproducible than other brain regions in all participating centres. The results demonstrate that a post-mortem brain phantom may be used as a reliable tool for multi-centre MR studies.

title: A XXXX post-mortem brain model for the standardization of multi-centre MRI studies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Between January 1975 and January 1982, 157 @entity0 with a diagnosis of @entity2 of the rectosigmoid colon underwent curative surgical resection. The median follow-up was three years (range, 2.5 to 9 years). Two @entity0 were excluded from the study for staging purposes because they received preoperative radiation. The remaining @entity0 were categorized in the following stages: @entity1 in situ-3; A-14; B(1)-14; B(2)-41; B(3)-8; C(1)-1; C(2)-70; and C(3)-4. The overall local recurrence rate was 41 percent. The local recurrence according to stage was as follows: stage @entity3 (14 percent); B(2)-15/38 (39 percent); B(3)-3/8 (38 percent); C(1)-0/1; C(2)-31/56 (55 percent); and C(3)-4/4 (100 percent). Seventeen @entity0 in stages B(2) and C(2) received postoperative irradiation. Only two @entity0 (2/17, or 12 percent) recurred locally. In this study the local recurrence rate for @entity0 undergoing curative surgical resection only was very high, especially in @entity0 with advanced stage of disease (B(2) to C(3)). There is evidence that postoperative radiotherapy could minimize the local failure rate.

title: Local recurrence in XXXX of the rectosigmoid colon after curative surgical resection.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) has a positive association with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the general population. The association between PA and @entity1 in those with poor mental health is less clear. PURPOSE: To examine the concurrent and prospective dose-response relationships between total PA ( @entity3 ) and walking only with @entity1 in @entity0 aged 50-55 years with @entity2 symptoms in 2001. METHODS: @entity0 were 1,904 @entity0 born in 1946-1951 who completed mailed surveys for the Australian Longitudinal Study on @entity0 's Health in 2001, 2004, 2007, and 2010, and reported @entity2 symptoms in 2001. At each time point, they reported their weekly minutes of walking, moderate PA, and vigorous PA. A summary @entity3 score was created that accounted for differences in energy expenditure among the three PA types. Mixed models were used to examine associations between @entity3 and @entity1 (short form-36 [SF-36] component and subscale scores) and between walking and @entity1 , for @entity0 who reported walking as their only PA. Analyses were conducted in 2013-2014. RESULTS: Concurrently, higher levels of @entity3 and walking were associated with better @entity1 (p<0.05). The strongest associations were found for physical functioning, vitality, and social functioning subscales. In prospective models, associations were attenuated, yet compared with @entity0 doing no @entity3 or walking, @entity0 doing "sufficient" @entity3 or walking had significantly better @entity1 over time for most SF-36 scales. CONCLUSIONS: This study extends previous work by demonstrating trends between both @entity3 and walking and @entity1 in @entity0 reporting @entity2 symptoms.

title: Physical Activity, Walking, and Quality of Life in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) has a positive association with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the general population. The association between PA and @entity1 in those with poor mental health is less clear. PURPOSE: To examine the concurrent and prospective dose-response relationships between total PA ( @entity3 ) and walking only with @entity1 in @entity0 aged 50-55 years with @entity2 symptoms in 2001. METHODS: @entity0 were 1,904 @entity0 born in 1946-1951 who completed mailed surveys for the Australian Longitudinal Study on @entity0 's Health in 2001, 2004, 2007, and 2010, and reported @entity2 symptoms in 2001. At each time point, they reported their weekly minutes of walking, moderate PA, and vigorous PA. A summary @entity3 score was created that accounted for differences in energy expenditure among the three PA types. Mixed models were used to examine associations between @entity3 and @entity1 (short form-36 [SF-36] component and subscale scores) and between walking and @entity1 , for @entity0 who reported walking as their only PA. Analyses were conducted in 2013-2014. RESULTS: Concurrently, higher levels of @entity3 and walking were associated with better @entity1 (p<0.05). The strongest associations were found for physical functioning, vitality, and social functioning subscales. In prospective models, associations were attenuated, yet compared with @entity0 doing no @entity3 or walking, @entity0 doing "sufficient" @entity3 or walking had significantly better @entity1 over time for most SF-36 scales. CONCLUSIONS: This study extends previous work by demonstrating trends between both @entity3 and walking and @entity1 in @entity0 reporting @entity2 symptoms.

title: Physical Activity, Walking, and Quality of Life in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Risk assessment of @entity0 exposure to chemicals is crucial for understanding whether such agents can cause @entity1 . The current emphasis on avoidance of animal testing has placed greater importance on in  vitro tests for the identification of genotoxicants. Selection of an appropriate in  vitro dosing regime is imperative in determining the genotoxic effects of test chemicals. Here, the issue of dosing approaches was addressed by comparing acute and chronic dosing, uniquely using low-dose experiments. Acute 24   h exposures were compared with equivalent dosing every 24   h over 5-day, fractionated treatment periods. The in  vitro micronucleus assay was used to measure clastogenicity induced by @entity5 ( @entity6 ) and @entity3 ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 lymphoblastoid cell line, TK6. Quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR was used to measure mRNA level induction of DNA repair enzymes. Lowest observed genotoxic effect levels (LOGELs) for @entity6 were obtained at 0.7     g/ml for the acute study and 1.0     g/ml for the chronic study. For acute @entity4 dosing, a LOGEL was observed at 0.46     g/ml, yet genotoxicity was completely removed following the chronic study. Interestingly, acute @entity4 dosing demonstrated a statistically significant decrease at 0.009     g/ml. Levels of selected DNA repair enzymes did not change significantly following doses tested. However, @entity2 deficiency (using the TK6-isogenic cell line, NH32) increased sensitivity to @entity6 during chronic dosing, causing this LOGEL to equate to the acute treatment LOGEL. In the context of the present data for 2 alkylating agents, chronic dosing could be a valuable in  vitro supplement to acute dosing and could contribute to reduction of unnecessary in  vivo follow-up tests.

title: Acute Dosing and XXXX -Deficiency Promote Cellular Sensitivity to DNA Methylating Agents.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inflammation is the normal immune response of vascularized tissues to damage and bacterial products, for which leukocyte @entity11 ( @entity11 ) is critical. The effects of cell-to-cell contact seen in both leukocyte and endothelial cells include cytoskeleton rearrangement, and dynamic expression of adhesion molecules and metalloproteinases. @entity11 induces expression of anti-apoptotic molecules, costimulatory molecules associated with antigen presentation, and pattern recognition receptors (PRR), such as @entity7 , in monocytes. However, little is known about how @entity7 increment operates in monocytes during an inflammatory response. To understand it better, we used an in vitro model in which monocytes crossed a layer of @entity4 stimulated @entity0 Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC). After @entity11 , monocytes were tested for the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, their phenotype ( @entity12 , @entity10 , @entity7 expression), and @entity7 canonical [Nuclear Factor kappa B, (NF-kB) pathway] and non-canonical [ @entity9 , @entity8 pathway] signal transduction induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Phagocytosis and bacterial clearance were also measured. There was diminished secretion of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines ( @entity4 , @entity2 , and @entity1 ) and higher secretion of chemokines ( @entity3 / @entity3 and @entity6 / @entity6 ) in supernatant of @entity11 monocytes. These changes were accompanied by increases in @entity7 , @entity12 (surfaces expression), @entity9 , and @entity5 phosphorylated cytoplasmic forms, without affecting NF-kB activation. It also increased bacterial clearance after @entity11 by an O2 -independent mechanism. The data suggest that interaction between endothelial cells and monocytes fine-tunes the inflammatory response and promotes bacterial elimination.

title: Activated endothelial cells limit inflammatory response, but increase chemoattractant potential and bacterial clearance by XXXX monocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 expansion starts within hours to days after transmural @entity1 . Previous echocardiographic and left ventriculographic studies demonstrated that @entity6 ( @entity6 ) inhibitor therapy limits left @entity7 , particularly in @entity0 with anterior wall @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or @entity4 . Forty-three @entity0 with an acute Q-wave @entity3 were randomized within 24 hours of symptom onset to intravenous enalaprilat (1 mg) or placebo. @entity0 were then given corresponding oral therapy and followed for 1 month. Predrug and 1-month gated blood pool scans were obtained in 32 @entity0 to evaluate changes in cardiac volumes and ejection fraction. Twenty-three @entity0 underwent magnetic resonance imaging at 1 month to evaluate left ventricular @entity5 expansion. Blood pressure decreased at 6 hours but returned to baseline in both groups after 1 month of therapy. The change in cardiac volumes from baseline to 1 month differed between the placebo (end-diastolic volume +16 +/- 5 ml, end-systolic volume +8 +/- 6 ml), and @entity8 (end-diastolic volume -8 +/- 9 ml and end-systolic volume -14 +/- 7 ml) groups (p < 0.05 vs placebo). Global and @entity5 zone ejection fractions improved significantly at 1 month in the @entity8 group (+6 +/- 3% and 19 +/- 5%, respectively) but did not change over 1 month in the placebo group. @entity5 and @entity5 expansion index by magnetic resonance imaging were significantly less in those treated with @entity8 , suggesting less @entity5 expansion in this group. Thus, early administration of enalaprilat to @entity0 presenting with a first Q-wave @entity3 prevents @entity2 and @entity5 expansion.

title: Effect of early XXXX therapy on left ventricular function and structure in @entity3 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity5 expansion starts within hours to days after transmural @entity1 . Previous echocardiographic and left ventriculographic studies demonstrated that @entity6 ( @entity6 ) inhibitor therapy limits left @entity7 , particularly in @entity0 with anterior wall @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or @entity4 . Forty-three @entity0 with an acute Q-wave @entity3 were randomized within 24 hours of symptom onset to intravenous enalaprilat (1 mg) or placebo. @entity0 were then given corresponding oral therapy and followed for 1 month. Predrug and 1-month gated blood pool scans were obtained in 32 @entity0 to evaluate changes in cardiac volumes and ejection fraction. Twenty-three @entity0 underwent magnetic resonance imaging at 1 month to evaluate left ventricular @entity5 expansion. Blood pressure decreased at 6 hours but returned to baseline in both groups after 1 month of therapy. The change in cardiac volumes from baseline to 1 month differed between the placebo (end-diastolic volume +16 +/- 5 ml, end-systolic volume +8 +/- 6 ml), and @entity8 (end-diastolic volume -8 +/- 9 ml and end-systolic volume -14 +/- 7 ml) groups (p < 0.05 vs placebo). Global and @entity5 zone ejection fractions improved significantly at 1 month in the @entity8 group (+6 +/- 3% and 19 +/- 5%, respectively) but did not change over 1 month in the placebo group. @entity5 and @entity5 expansion index by magnetic resonance imaging were significantly less in those treated with @entity8 , suggesting less @entity5 expansion in this group. Thus, early administration of enalaprilat to @entity0 presenting with a first Q-wave @entity3 prevents @entity2 and @entity5 expansion.

title: Effect of early @entity8 therapy on left ventricular function and structure in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The usual morphology for paced events originating from the right ventricle has a @entity1 (BBB) pattern. However, in a few @entity0 , right BBB configurations are identified. It is important to differentiate safe right BBB patterns from those caused by septal or free wall perforation. Paced electrocardiograms were examined in 179 consecutive @entity0 who underwent pacemaker placement. Fourteen @entity0 (8%) were identified with right BBB configurations. Posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs and echocardiograms were evaluated specifically to identify the pacing lead location in this group. In addition, 152 paced episodes from published reports were combined with our population to create an electrocardiographic algorithm differentiating right ventricular septum, right ventricular apex, coronary venous, and left ventricular pacing. Chest radiographs and echocardiographic lead locations correlated perfectly in the 11 @entity0 available for echocardiograms. With use of a left superior @entity2 and precordial transition by lead V3, right ventricular right BBB morphologies were correctly detected in 18 of 21 @entity0 (86% sensitivity, 99% specificity) and appropriately separated from left ventricular pacing in 18 of 19 @entity0 (95% positive predictive value). Therefore, 12-lead electrocardiograms are a rapid, reliable means of separating right and left ventricular right BBB pacing morphologies. Prudent use of these criteria will help eliminate unnecessary echocardiography, anticoagulation, and lead revision.

title: Incidence and electrocardiographic localization of safe XXXX during permanent ventricular pacing.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The Scandinavian @entity7 Survival Study (4S) was designed to evaluate the effects of @entity2 reduction with @entity7 on mortality and morbidity in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). A total of 4,444 @entity0 with @entity6 or previous @entity5 and serum @entity2 levels of 213-310 mg/dl (5.5-8.0 mmol/liter) while treated with a lipid-lowering diet were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with @entity7 or placebo. Over the 5.4 years of median follow-up, @entity7 produced changes in total @entity2 , low density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity2 , and high density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity2 of -25%, -35%, and +8%, respectively, with minimal adverse effects. A total of 256 @entity0 (12%) in the placebo group died compared with 182 (8%) in the @entity7 group, a risk reduction of 30% (p = 0.0003) attributable to a 42% reduction in the risk of @entity3 . Noncardiovascular causes accounted for 49 and 46 deaths in the placebo and @entity7 groups, respectively. Major coronary events were experienced by 622 @entity0 (28%) in the placebo group and 431 @entity0 (19%) in the @entity7 group, corresponding to a risk reduction of 34% (p < 0.00001). This risk was also significantly reduced in subgroups consisting of @entity0 and @entity0 of both sexes aged > or = 60 years. Other benefits of treatment included a 37% reduction (p < 0.00001) in the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures. @entity7 was beneficial regardless of whether @entity0 had a history of @entity5 or whether they were smokers or had @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Reducing the risk of coronary events: evidence from the Scandinavian XXXX Survival Study (4S).

answer: @entity7


abstract: This study investigated the therapeutic effect of single-agent i.v. weekly @entity6 ( @entity6 ), a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, in @entity1 who had received no prior treatment for locally advanced or metastatic @entity0 . Of 68 @entity1 entered into the study, 63 were adequate inclusions, assessable for @entity3 and response by WHO criteria; the 5 @entity1 who were not evaluated were excluded from analysis because they were found not to meet the eligibility criteria of the study. @entity6 was given as a weekly 30 mg/m2 short i.v. (20 minutes) infusion; treatment was continued until disease progression. The overall response rate was 44% (complete response 8%, partial response 36%). The response rate according to target was lymph nodes, 62.9%; liver, 50.0%; lung, 50.0%; skin, 37.5%; and @entity2 , 30.8%. The median duration of response was 17.9 weeks (range: 7-52 weeks). The median time to treatment failure was 12.9 weeks, and the median survival was 50.3 weeks. The 63 eligible @entity1 received 501 cycles. The mean dose intensity was 76%. At least one episode of WHO grade 3/4 @entity8 was seen in 46% of the @entity1 (13.6% of cycles). Significant @entity4 / @entity5 was seen in only 5% of @entity1 corresponding to 1% of cycles. Only 5% of @entity1 developed WHO grade 3-4 constipation and grade 3 @entity7 was observed in 1.6% of @entity1 . Alopecia was rare (6.3% of @entity1 ), and other side effects were uncommon. This study confirms that @entity6 has major single-agent antitumor activity as frontline therapy in advanced @entity0 . Given its excellent tolerance profile and low morbidity, it should be recommended for inclusion in first-line combination chemotherapy regimens.

title: Phase II trial of weekly i.v. @entity6 as a single agent in first-line advanced XXXX chemotherapy. The Latin-American experience.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study investigated the therapeutic effect of single-agent i.v. weekly @entity6 ( @entity6 ), a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, in @entity1 who had received no prior treatment for locally advanced or metastatic @entity0 . Of 68 @entity1 entered into the study, 63 were adequate inclusions, assessable for @entity3 and response by WHO criteria; the 5 @entity1 who were not evaluated were excluded from analysis because they were found not to meet the eligibility criteria of the study. @entity6 was given as a weekly 30 mg/m2 short i.v. (20 minutes) infusion; treatment was continued until disease progression. The overall response rate was 44% (complete response 8%, partial response 36%). The response rate according to target was lymph nodes, 62.9%; liver, 50.0%; lung, 50.0%; skin, 37.5%; and @entity2 , 30.8%. The median duration of response was 17.9 weeks (range: 7-52 weeks). The median time to treatment failure was 12.9 weeks, and the median survival was 50.3 weeks. The 63 eligible @entity1 received 501 cycles. The mean dose intensity was 76%. At least one episode of WHO grade 3/4 @entity8 was seen in 46% of the @entity1 (13.6% of cycles). Significant @entity4 / @entity5 was seen in only 5% of @entity1 corresponding to 1% of cycles. Only 5% of @entity1 developed WHO grade 3-4 constipation and grade 3 @entity7 was observed in 1.6% of @entity1 . Alopecia was rare (6.3% of @entity1 ), and other side effects were uncommon. This study confirms that @entity6 has major single-agent antitumor activity as frontline therapy in advanced @entity0 . Given its excellent tolerance profile and low morbidity, it should be recommended for inclusion in first-line combination chemotherapy regimens.

title: Phase II trial of weekly i.v. XXXX as a single agent in first-line advanced @entity0 chemotherapy. The Latin-American experience.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Vein grafts become thicker as they adapt to arterial circulation, and in large measure this is the consequence of cellular @entity3 . The kinetics of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and endothelial cell (EC) replication were evaluated in @entity0 jugular vein segments transplanted into the carotid arterial circulation to define the role of cell proliferation in this process, and these data were correlated with dimensional changes in grafts from 1 hour to 24 weeks after implantation. At 1 hour most of the perianastomotic endothelium was denuded, as were occasional cells in the graft away from the @entity1 . EC replication ( @entity2 labeling index) in the center of the graft increased 400 times during the first week and produced an intact endothelial surface by 2 weeks. The EC @entity2 index then fell progressively to quiescent pretransplant levels by the twelfth week. @entity5 replication was maximal at 1 week after grafting and returned to near quiescent levels at 12 and 24 weeks. Graft wall thickness and cross-sectional area reached a maximum at 12 weeks and then remained constant. @entity4 content exhibited a thirty-five-fold increase in the first 4 weeks, then did not change. Likewise, @entity5 mass did not increase after 4 weeks. Further increase in cross-sectional wall area between 4 and 12 weeks was accounted for by accumulation of connective tissue. The final ratio of luminal radius to wall thickness decreased to a level equal to that of normal artery. Since blood pressure did not change over the period of the study, this observation supports a possible regulatory role for wall tangential stress in the modification of vein graft structure after transplantation into the arterial circulation.

title: Kinetics of vein graft XXXX : association with tangential stress.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 'Reality orientation training' (ROT) is a well-established therapy used with the elderly, especially those with @entity2 . It aims to improve orientation and reduce negative behaviours, e.g. @entity3 . ROT has been recommended for @entity5 @entity0 with acquired @entity1 . However, this suggestion has not been investigated further in controlled trials. This paper describes an informal 24 h ROT programme with an @entity4 subject (H.J.). It combined single-case experimental designs derived from behaviour therapy. Target behaviours were items of temporal orientation--current time/time of day, year, season, month and day of week. Orientation regarding the current date was not trained, and thus served as control variable for non-specific effects (e.g. spontaneous recovery). In order to improve oriented behaviour in different relevant situations outside the clinic, we chose 24 h ROT instead of formal therapeutic sessions. The @entity0 ' spouse offered 24 h ROT at home 7 days a week. This consisted of reminding the @entity0 of orientation information, e.g. the current day of the week in different situations. Furthermore, negative behaviours such as irrelevant questions were ignored. The @entity0 ' spouse was trained and supervised to carry out this task in 27 sessions each lasting 10 min. For 14 weeks supervision was provided twice a week in the clinic (i.e. 2 x 10 min). Afterwards the spouse continued to apply ROT at home without further supervision in two follow-up periods. As expected, learning was slow but reliable. Generalization of improvement to another setting was shown (home vs clinic). Stable therapeutic gains over a long follow-up period could be demonstrated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Reality orientation training in an XXXX : a controlled single-case study (n = 572 days).

answer: @entity4


abstract: A case of pulmonary @entity4 is reported. A 65-year-old @entity0 had no complaint. But chest roentgenography and CT revealed an infiltrating shadow with marked airbronchogram in the left S3. TBLB revealed marked @entity5 of the bronchial wall. Because the shadow had gradually enlarged, @entity2 was suspected and lobectomy was performed. The resected specimen showed a 60 @entity6 30 mm greyish-yellow, @entity2 with intrapulmonary @entity1 . Microscopically, well-differentiated small @entity2 cells severely infiltrated the @entity3 , pleura and bronchial cartilage. There was no lymph node @entity1 or extrapulmonary involvement. Immunohistochemical study proved the monoclonality of the K chain. She was treated with chemotherapy postoperatively.

title: [Pulmonary XXXX --a case report].

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is one of the most common childhood disorders and frequently seen in other conditions like @entity3 as well. The prevalence of @entity2 in the general paediatric population is estimated at 3-6% persisting into adulthood in up to one third of @entity0 affected. The prevalence of @entity2 in @entity3 is understood to be significantly higher. Approximately one third of @entity0 with @entity3 do also have a diagnosis of @entity2 . How these attention problems develop over the years is however not clear. We therefore evaluated the severity of attention problems in @entity0 with @entity3 at late childhood and assessed it again in adolescence. Data was being compared with attention problems of @entity0 with developmental @entity2 . METHOD: 16 @entity0 with diagnosed combined @entity8 / @entity2 and 14 @entity0 with developmental @entity2 were investigated twice; at a mean age of 10.94 (SD  =  1.63) and then again at a mean age of 15.82 (SD  =  2.0). At the baseline examination all @entity0 completed Raven's Progressive Matrices to assess intelligence. To measure symptom severity of @entity2 , parents were asked to complete the short version of the Conner's Rating Scale for Parents at both times. Parents of @entity0 with combined @entity3 / @entity2 furthermore gave information about @entity5 frequency and intake of anticonvulsants. RESULTS: @entity0 groups did not significantly differ in age and IQ. Results of the baseline examination revealed elevated scores in both @entity0 groups for the Conner's Rating Scales; @entity2 group: M  =  16.86 (SD  =  5.35); @entity3 / @entity2 group: M  =  14.77 (SD  =  4.76) but no differences between the groups (p  =  .29; z  =  .39). Qualitatively, @entity0 with developmental @entity2 showed @entity6 in the area of @entity7 / @entity1 while @entity0 with @entity3 / @entity2 had more problems with inattention. Results of the follow-up examination showed a significant @entity4 in the @entity2 group of minus 4.23 points; M  =  12.63 (SD  =  3.89) (p  =  .02); The reduction in the @entity3 / @entity2 group was even bigger with minus 6.77 points; M  =  8.00 (SD  =  6.46) (p  =  .03). However, difference between the two groups reached no significance (p  =  .079; z  =  1.19). None of the @entity0 with @entity3 has had @entity5 in the meantime. CONCLUSION: We found a significant reduction of @entity2 symptoms in our @entity0 from the time of late childhood to adolescence. That symptoms of @entity2 , especially @entity7 , lessen with age is known from the literature (Biedermann et  al., 2010). We found the same data for @entity0 with @entity8 and @entity2 . Over the same period of time problems of attention improved substantially. We conclude that development and brain maturation may have a similar positive effect on attention problems in @entity0 with @entity3 than in developmental @entity2 .

title: Attention problems in @entity0 with XXXX . How is the long-term outcome?

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is one of the most common childhood disorders and frequently seen in other conditions like @entity3 as well. The prevalence of @entity2 in the general paediatric population is estimated at 3-6% persisting into adulthood in up to one third of @entity0 affected. The prevalence of @entity2 in @entity3 is understood to be significantly higher. Approximately one third of @entity0 with @entity3 do also have a diagnosis of @entity2 . How these attention problems develop over the years is however not clear. We therefore evaluated the severity of attention problems in @entity0 with @entity3 at late childhood and assessed it again in adolescence. Data was being compared with attention problems of @entity0 with developmental @entity2 . METHOD: 16 @entity0 with diagnosed combined @entity8 / @entity2 and 14 @entity0 with developmental @entity2 were investigated twice; at a mean age of 10.94 (SD  =  1.63) and then again at a mean age of 15.82 (SD  =  2.0). At the baseline examination all @entity0 completed Raven's Progressive Matrices to assess intelligence. To measure symptom severity of @entity2 , parents were asked to complete the short version of the Conner's Rating Scale for Parents at both times. Parents of @entity0 with combined @entity3 / @entity2 furthermore gave information about @entity5 frequency and intake of anticonvulsants. RESULTS: @entity0 groups did not significantly differ in age and IQ. Results of the baseline examination revealed elevated scores in both @entity0 groups for the Conner's Rating Scales; @entity2 group: M  =  16.86 (SD  =  5.35); @entity3 / @entity2 group: M  =  14.77 (SD  =  4.76) but no differences between the groups (p  =  .29; z  =  .39). Qualitatively, @entity0 with developmental @entity2 showed @entity6 in the area of @entity7 / @entity1 while @entity0 with @entity3 / @entity2 had more problems with inattention. Results of the follow-up examination showed a significant @entity4 in the @entity2 group of minus 4.23 points; M  =  12.63 (SD  =  3.89) (p  =  .02); The reduction in the @entity3 / @entity2 group was even bigger with minus 6.77 points; M  =  8.00 (SD  =  6.46) (p  =  .03). However, difference between the two groups reached no significance (p  =  .079; z  =  1.19). None of the @entity0 with @entity3 has had @entity5 in the meantime. CONCLUSION: We found a significant reduction of @entity2 symptoms in our @entity0 from the time of late childhood to adolescence. That symptoms of @entity2 , especially @entity7 , lessen with age is known from the literature (Biedermann et  al., 2010). We found the same data for @entity0 with @entity8 and @entity2 . Over the same period of time problems of attention improved substantially. We conclude that development and brain maturation may have a similar positive effect on attention problems in @entity0 with @entity3 than in developmental @entity2 .

title: Attention problems in XXXX with @entity3 . How is the long-term outcome?

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ecallantide is a @entity0 plasma kallikrein inhibitor indicated for treatment of acute attacks of @entity5 for @entity0 12 years of age and older. Ecallantide is produced in @entity7 @entity3 cells by recombinant DNA technology. Use of ecallantide has been associated with a risk of @entity1 , including @entity6 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of this detailed retrospective data review was to characterize @entity6 cases within the ecallantide clinical trials database. METHODS: Potential cases of @entity1 in the ecallantide clinical development program were identified by examining reported adverse events. The National Institute of @entity4 and @entity2 criteria were used to identify those events that were consistent with @entity6 ; these cases were then reviewed in detail. Results from investigational antibody testing also were examined. RESULTS: Among @entity0 who received subcutaneous ecallantide (n  = 230 @entity0 ; 1045 doses of 30 mg ecallantide), 8 @entity0 (3.5%) had reactions that met the National Institute of @entity4 and @entity2 criteria for @entity6 ; none occurred on first exposure to the drug. All 8 reactions had symptom onset within 1 hour of exposure and cutaneous manifestations commonly observed in @entity1 . All the reactions responded to standard management of @entity1 and resolved without fatal outcomes. IgE antibody testing to ecallantide or @entity7 was not consistently positive in @entity0 who experienced apparent @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity6 episodes after subcutaneous ecallantide exposure have clinical features suggestive of @entity1 . However, anti-ecallantide or anti-P pastoris IgE antibody status was not found to be reliably associated with @entity6 .

title: Characterization of XXXX After Ecallantide Treatment of @entity5 Attacks.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ecallantide is a @entity0 plasma kallikrein inhibitor indicated for treatment of acute attacks of @entity5 for @entity0 12 years of age and older. Ecallantide is produced in @entity7 @entity3 cells by recombinant DNA technology. Use of ecallantide has been associated with a risk of @entity1 , including @entity6 . OBJECTIVE: The objective of this detailed retrospective data review was to characterize @entity6 cases within the ecallantide clinical trials database. METHODS: Potential cases of @entity1 in the ecallantide clinical development program were identified by examining reported adverse events. The National Institute of @entity4 and @entity2 criteria were used to identify those events that were consistent with @entity6 ; these cases were then reviewed in detail. Results from investigational antibody testing also were examined. RESULTS: Among @entity0 who received subcutaneous ecallantide (n  = 230 @entity0 ; 1045 doses of 30 mg ecallantide), 8 @entity0 (3.5%) had reactions that met the National Institute of @entity4 and @entity2 criteria for @entity6 ; none occurred on first exposure to the drug. All 8 reactions had symptom onset within 1 hour of exposure and cutaneous manifestations commonly observed in @entity1 . All the reactions responded to standard management of @entity1 and resolved without fatal outcomes. IgE antibody testing to ecallantide or @entity7 was not consistently positive in @entity0 who experienced apparent @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity6 episodes after subcutaneous ecallantide exposure have clinical features suggestive of @entity1 . However, anti-ecallantide or anti-P pastoris IgE antibody status was not found to be reliably associated with @entity6 .

title: Characterization of @entity6 After Ecallantide Treatment of XXXX Attacks.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Colonoscopic surveillance is recommended for individuals with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, the appropriate screening interval has not yet been determined. The aim of this randomized trial was to compare a 3-year with a 6-year screening interval. @entity0 AND METHODS: Individuals between ages 45 and 65 years with one first-degree relative with @entity1 age < 50 years or two first-degree relatives with @entity1 were selected. @entity0 with zero to two @entity2 at baseline were randomly assigned to one of two groups: group A (colonoscopy at 6 years) or group B (colonoscopy at 3 and 6 years). The primary outcome measure was @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Risk factors studied included sex, age, type of family history, and baseline endoscopic findings. RESULTS: A total of 528 @entity0 were randomly assigned (group A, n = 262; group B, n = 266). Intention-to-treat analysis showed no significant difference in the proportion of @entity0 with @entity3 at the first follow-up examination at 6 years in group A (6.9%) versus 3 years in group B (3.5%). Also, the proportion of @entity0 with @entity3 at the final follow-up examination at 6 years in group A (6.9%) versus 6 years in group B (3.4%) was not significantly different. Only @entity3 at baseline was a significant predictor for the presence of @entity3 at first follow-up. After correction for the difference in @entity3 at baseline, differences between the groups in the rate of @entity3 at first follow-up and at the final examination were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In view of the relatively low rate of @entity3 at 6 years and the absence of @entity1 in group A, we consider a 6-year surveillance interval appropriate. A surveillance interval of 3 years might be considered in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity0 with >=  three @entity2 .

title: Randomized Comparison of Surveillance Intervals in Familial XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne arenaria are important parasitic @entity1 of vegetable and ornamental crops. Microplot and greenhouse experiments were conducted to test commercial formulations of the biocontrol agent Pasteuria penetrans for control of M. incognita on @entity0 and @entity2 and M. arenaria on snapdragon. Three methods of application for P. penetrans were assessed including seed, transplant, and post-plant treatments. Efficacy in controlling galling and reproduction of the two root-knot @entity1 species was evaluated. Seed treatment application was assessed only for M. incognita on @entity2 . Pasteuria treatment rates of a granular transplant formulation ranged from 1.5 * 10(5) endospores/cm(3) to 3 * 10(5) endospores/cm(3) of transplant mix applied at seeding. Additional applications of 1.5 * 10(5) endospores/cm(3) of soil were applied as a liquid formulation to soil post-transplant for both greenhouse and microplot trials. In greenhouse @entity2 trials, all Pasteuria treatments were equivalent to steamed soil for reducing M. incognita populations in roots and soil, and reducing @entity1 reproduction and galling. In @entity2 microplot trials there were no differences among treatments for M. incognita populations in roots or soil, eggs/g root, or root condition ratings. @entity1 reproduction on @entity2 was low with @entity3 and with the seed treatment plus post-plant application of Pasteuria, which had the lowest @entity1 reproduction. However, galling for all Pasteuria treatments was higher than galling with Telone II. Root-knot @entity1 control with Pasteuria in greenhouse and microplot trials varied on @entity0 and snapdragon. Positive results were achieved for control of M. incognita with the seed treatment application on @entity2 .

title: Pasteuria penetrans for Control of Meloidogyne incognita on XXXX and @entity2 , and M. arenaria on Snapdragon.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne arenaria are important parasitic @entity1 of vegetable and ornamental crops. Microplot and greenhouse experiments were conducted to test commercial formulations of the biocontrol agent Pasteuria penetrans for control of M. incognita on @entity0 and @entity2 and M. arenaria on snapdragon. Three methods of application for P. penetrans were assessed including seed, transplant, and post-plant treatments. Efficacy in controlling galling and reproduction of the two root-knot @entity1 species was evaluated. Seed treatment application was assessed only for M. incognita on @entity2 . Pasteuria treatment rates of a granular transplant formulation ranged from 1.5 * 10(5) endospores/cm(3) to 3 * 10(5) endospores/cm(3) of transplant mix applied at seeding. Additional applications of 1.5 * 10(5) endospores/cm(3) of soil were applied as a liquid formulation to soil post-transplant for both greenhouse and microplot trials. In greenhouse @entity2 trials, all Pasteuria treatments were equivalent to steamed soil for reducing M. incognita populations in roots and soil, and reducing @entity1 reproduction and galling. In @entity2 microplot trials there were no differences among treatments for M. incognita populations in roots or soil, eggs/g root, or root condition ratings. @entity1 reproduction on @entity2 was low with @entity3 and with the seed treatment plus post-plant application of Pasteuria, which had the lowest @entity1 reproduction. However, galling for all Pasteuria treatments was higher than galling with Telone II. Root-knot @entity1 control with Pasteuria in greenhouse and microplot trials varied on @entity0 and snapdragon. Positive results were achieved for control of M. incognita with the seed treatment application on @entity2 .

title: Pasteuria penetrans for Control of Meloidogyne incognita on @entity0 and XXXX , and M. arenaria on Snapdragon.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Real-world prescription pathways leading to triple therapy (TT) (inhaled corticosteroid [ICS] plus long-acting b2-agonist bronchodilator [LABA] plus long-acting muscarinic antagonist) differ from Global initiative for @entity2 [GOLD] and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence treatment recommendations. This study sets out to identify @entity2 @entity0 without @entity1 receiving TT, and determine the pathways taken from diagnosis to the first prescription of TT. METHODS: This was a historical analysis of @entity2 @entity0 without @entity1 from the Optimum @entity0 Care Research Database (387 primary-care practices across the UK) from 2002 to 2010. @entity0 disease severity was classified using GOLD 2013 criteria. Data were analyzed to determine prescribing of TT before, at, and after @entity2 diagnosis; the average time taken to receive TT; and the impact of lung function grade, modified Medical Research Council @entity3 score, and exacerbation history on the pathway to TT. RESULTS: During the study period, 32% of @entity0 received TT. Of these, 19%, 28%, 37%, and 46% of @entity0 classified as GOLD A, B, C, and D, respectively, progressed to TT after diagnosis (P<0.001). Of all @entity0 prescribed TT, 25% were prescribed TT within 1 year of diagnosis, irrespective of GOLD classification (P=0.065). The most common prescription pathway to TT was LABA plus ICS. It was observed that exacerbation history did influence the pathway of LABA plus ICS to TT. CONCLUSION: Real life UK prescription data demonstrates the inappropriate prescribing of TT and confirms that starting @entity0 on ICS plus LABA results in the inevitable drift to overuse of TT. This study highlights the need for dissemination and implementation of @entity2 guidelines to physicians, ensuring that @entity0 receive the recommended therapy.

title: The inevitable drift to triple therapy in XXXX : an analysis of prescribing pathways in the UK.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanical fixation of orthopaedic and dental implants is compromised by diminished bone volume, such as with @entity1 . Systemic administration of @entity4 antibody (Scl-Ab) has been shown to enhance implant fixation in normal animals. In the present study, we tested whether Scl-Ab can improve implant fixation in established @entity1 in a @entity0 model. METHODS: We used an ovariectomized (ovx) @entity0 model, in which we found a 78% decrease in trabecular bone volume at the time of implant surgery; sham-ovx, age-matched @entity0 were used as controls. After placement of a @entity3 implant in the medullary cavity of the distal aspect of the femur, the @entity0 were maintained for four, eight, or twelve weeks and treated biweekly with Scl-Ab or with the delivery vehicle alone. Outcomes were measured with use of microcomputed tomography, mechanical testing, and static and dynamic histomorphometry. RESULTS: Scl-Ab treatment doubled implant fixation strength in both the sham-ovx and ovx groups, although the enhancement was delayed in the ovx group. Scl-Ab treatment also enhanced bone-implant contact; increased peri-implant trabecular thickness and volume; and increased cortical thickness. These structural changes were associated with an approximately five to sevenfold increase in the bone-formation rate and a >50% @entity2 in the eroded surface following Scl-Ab treatment. Trabecular bone thickness and bone-implant contact accounted for two-thirds of the variance in fixation strength. CONCLUSIONS: In this model of severe @entity1 , Scl-Ab treatment enhanced implant fixation by stimulating bone formation and suppressing bone resorption, leading to enhanced bone-implant contact and improved trabecular bone volume and architecture. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Systemic administration of anti- @entity4 antibodies might be a useful strategy in total joint replacement when bone mass is deficient.

title: @entity4 antibody treatment improves implant fixation in a model of severe XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mechanical fixation of orthopaedic and dental implants is compromised by diminished bone volume, such as with @entity1 . Systemic administration of @entity4 antibody (Scl-Ab) has been shown to enhance implant fixation in normal animals. In the present study, we tested whether Scl-Ab can improve implant fixation in established @entity1 in a @entity0 model. METHODS: We used an ovariectomized (ovx) @entity0 model, in which we found a 78% decrease in trabecular bone volume at the time of implant surgery; sham-ovx, age-matched @entity0 were used as controls. After placement of a @entity3 implant in the medullary cavity of the distal aspect of the femur, the @entity0 were maintained for four, eight, or twelve weeks and treated biweekly with Scl-Ab or with the delivery vehicle alone. Outcomes were measured with use of microcomputed tomography, mechanical testing, and static and dynamic histomorphometry. RESULTS: Scl-Ab treatment doubled implant fixation strength in both the sham-ovx and ovx groups, although the enhancement was delayed in the ovx group. Scl-Ab treatment also enhanced bone-implant contact; increased peri-implant trabecular thickness and volume; and increased cortical thickness. These structural changes were associated with an approximately five to sevenfold increase in the bone-formation rate and a >50% @entity2 in the eroded surface following Scl-Ab treatment. Trabecular bone thickness and bone-implant contact accounted for two-thirds of the variance in fixation strength. CONCLUSIONS: In this model of severe @entity1 , Scl-Ab treatment enhanced implant fixation by stimulating bone formation and suppressing bone resorption, leading to enhanced bone-implant contact and improved trabecular bone volume and architecture. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Systemic administration of anti- @entity4 antibodies might be a useful strategy in total joint replacement when bone mass is deficient.

title: XXXX antibody treatment improves implant fixation in a model of severe @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: By the early 21(st) century the most common @entity1 of female genitals in Poland was @entity1 . Now @entity2 ranks first. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence and mortality of @entity2 among @entity0 in the Lodz region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on the incidence and mortality of @entity2 among inhabitants of the Lodz region were obtained from the National Cancer Registry and Bulletin of Cancer Cases in the Lodz region. The analysis covered ten consecutive years beginning in 2001. RESULTS: The number of new cases reported in 2010 exceeded that observed in 2001 by 181. The standardized incidence rate of @entity2 increased by 6.3, while the standardized incidence rate of @entity1 decreased by 1.4. CONCLUSIONS: In the years 2001-2010, the incidence of @entity2 increased by 88.3% and that of @entity1 decreased by 6.5% among inhabitants of the Lodz region. In the years 2001-2010, mortality of @entity2 increased by 24.5% and that of @entity1 decreased by 12.6%. In 2010, the highest crude incidence rates in the Lodz region of both @entity2 at 39.1 were recorded in the district town of Piotrk  w.

title: Endometrial and XXXX : incidence and mortality among @entity0 in the Lodz region.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: By the early 21(st) century the most common @entity1 of female genitals in Poland was @entity1 . Now @entity2 ranks first. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence and mortality of @entity2 among @entity0 in the Lodz region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on the incidence and mortality of @entity2 among inhabitants of the Lodz region were obtained from the National Cancer Registry and Bulletin of Cancer Cases in the Lodz region. The analysis covered ten consecutive years beginning in 2001. RESULTS: The number of new cases reported in 2010 exceeded that observed in 2001 by 181. The standardized incidence rate of @entity2 increased by 6.3, while the standardized incidence rate of @entity1 decreased by 1.4. CONCLUSIONS: In the years 2001-2010, the incidence of @entity2 increased by 88.3% and that of @entity1 decreased by 6.5% among inhabitants of the Lodz region. In the years 2001-2010, mortality of @entity2 increased by 24.5% and that of @entity1 decreased by 12.6%. In 2010, the highest crude incidence rates in the Lodz region of both @entity2 at 39.1 were recorded in the district town of Piotrk  w.

title: Endometrial and @entity1 : incidence and mortality among XXXX in the Lodz region.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 is one of the most striking effects of bites by viper snakes resulting in fast @entity2 and @entity0 in affected tissues. Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are responsible for hemorrhagic activity, but the mechanisms involved in SVMP-induced @entity2 are not entirely understood and the study of such mechanisms greatly depends on in  vivo experiments. In  vivo, hemorrhagic SVMPs accumulate on basement membrane (BM) of venules and capillary vessels allowing the hydrolysis of collagen IV with consequent weakness and @entity1 of capillary walls. These effects are not reproducible in  vitro with conventional endothelial cell cultures. In this study we used two-dimension (2D) or three-dimension (3D) cultures of HUVECs on matrigel and observed the same characteristics as in ex  vivo experiments: only the hemorrhagic toxin was able to localize on surfaces or internalize endothelial cells in 2D cultures or in the surface of tubules formed on 3D cultures. The contribution of matrigel, fibronectin and collagen matrices in @entity3 -induced endothelial cell damage was then analyzed. Collagen and matrigel substrates enhanced the endothelial cell damage induced by @entity3 allowing toxin binding to focal adhesions, disruption of stress fibers, detachment and apoptosis. The higher affinity of @entity3 to collagen than to fibronectin explains the localization of the toxin within BM. Moreover, once located in BM, interactions of @entity3 with a2b1 integrin would favor its localization on focal adhesions, as observed in our study. The accumulation of toxin in focal adhesions, observed only in cells grown in collagen matrices, would explain the enhancement of cell damage in these matrices and reflects the actual interaction among toxin, endothelial cells and BM components that occurs in  vivo and results in the @entity2 induced by viper venoms.

title: XXXX disruption of endothelial cell anchorage is enhanced in collagen enriched matrices.

answer: @entity3