abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between three @entity5 peptides and the incidence of radiographic and clinical @entity4 ( @entity3 ). DESIGN: @entity0 between 50 and 60 years, with a BMI >= 27  kg/m(2), free of knee @entity3 , were recruited. Using binary logistic regression, the association between baseline concentration of serum fibulin (Fib)3-1, @entity6 -2 and @entity6 -3 and incidence of clinical and radiographic knee @entity3 after 30 months of follow-up was evaluated. RESULTS: Baseline and follow-up measurements were available for 241 @entity0 with a mean age of 55.9      3.2 years and mean BMI of 31.7      3.6  kg/m(2). None of the concentrations of the three @entity6 epitopes were associated with the incidence of medial or lateral joint space narrowing (JSN) >= 1.0  mm or the incidence of Kellgren _ Lawrence (K_L) grade >= 2 after 30 months. All three @entity6 epitopes were associated with the incidence of the clinical and radiographic ACR-criteria and @entity6 -1 and @entity6 -3 also with chronic @entity2 at follow-up. When adjusted for the other @entity6 peptide concentrations, only @entity6 -1 was significantly associated to the incidence of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-criteria (OR 3.2 [1.2-8.7]) and chronic @entity2 at follow-up (OR 3.0 [1.2-7.7]). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline @entity5 concentrations are associated with the incidence of clinical knee @entity3 among middle-aged overweight and @entity1 @entity0 . Therewith, they meet the criteria of a prognostic biomarker according to the BIPED biomarker classification for @entity3 . Further validation of the @entity5 epitopes seems warranted in order to better distinguish subgroups of individuals at increased risk for knee @entity3 development.

title: @entity5 fragments are prognostic biomarkers of @entity3 incidence in overweight and @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The reasons for @entity3 in @entity0 with mild @entity1 remain unclear. Peritoneal fluid constituents may alter tubal transport and @entity5 , with subsequent implantation disturbances. We used an animal model to study the influence of endometrial implants on early embryonic development. In 25 @entity2 , endometrium from the right uterine horn was transplanted onto the peritoneum (Experimental group = Group E). In 25 @entity2 , fat was transplanted (control group = group C). After a recovery period of 12 weeks the does were mated, and killed 24 h later. In the experimental group the implants had changed into cysts of 5-15 mm in diameter. Histological examination revealed @entity4 in every specimen. Periadnexal adhesions did not develop in any animal. No marked differences were found between Groups E and C in @entity5 stage, 24 h after mating. Additional culturing of the embryos for 48 h in a suitable culture medium revealed normal further development of the embryos. Bearing in mind the restrictions of extrapolating a @entity2 model to the @entity0 , it is suggested that the decreased fecundity in mild @entity1 is not caused by altered early @entity5 rate. The results of this study offer indirect evidence for implantation disturbances as a cause of @entity1 -associated @entity3 .

title: Effect of XXXX on early embryonic development in the @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The reasons for @entity3 in @entity0 with mild @entity1 remain unclear. Peritoneal fluid constituents may alter tubal transport and @entity5 , with subsequent implantation disturbances. We used an animal model to study the influence of endometrial implants on early embryonic development. In 25 @entity2 , endometrium from the right uterine horn was transplanted onto the peritoneum (Experimental group = Group E). In 25 @entity2 , fat was transplanted (control group = group C). After a recovery period of 12 weeks the does were mated, and killed 24 h later. In the experimental group the implants had changed into cysts of 5-15 mm in diameter. Histological examination revealed @entity4 in every specimen. Periadnexal adhesions did not develop in any animal. No marked differences were found between Groups E and C in @entity5 stage, 24 h after mating. Additional culturing of the embryos for 48 h in a suitable culture medium revealed normal further development of the embryos. Bearing in mind the restrictions of extrapolating a @entity2 model to the @entity0 , it is suggested that the decreased fecundity in mild @entity1 is not caused by altered early @entity5 rate. The results of this study offer indirect evidence for implantation disturbances as a cause of @entity1 -associated @entity3 .

title: Effect of @entity1 on early embryonic development in the XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 48 @entity0 with @entity4 (3%) treated according to two different protocols survived 5 years or longer. The mean survival time was 13.0 +/- 5.0 years, but 29 @entity0 lived 16.5 +/- 3.0 years. Only 18 @entity0 (38%) were 16.9 +/- 3.0 years in them 1. CCR, the longest remission time amounted to more than 25 years. Of the @entity0 relapsed 9 are 8.4 +/- 2.8 years in 2. CR. Late relapses after 5 years were observed in seven cases the last in the 9th year of disease. After 5 years the survival rate in both protocols was not different. As a late sequelae, there was one @entity0 with @entity3 and portal @entity2 and one with @entity1 and imbecility. All @entity0 were able to leave their professional examination, 5 @entity0 married and 6 healthy @entity0 were born.

title: [Long-term survival following XXXX ( @entity4 ) in childhood].

answer: @entity4


abstract: 48 @entity0 with @entity4 (3%) treated according to two different protocols survived 5 years or longer. The mean survival time was 13.0 +/- 5.0 years, but 29 @entity0 lived 16.5 +/- 3.0 years. Only 18 @entity0 (38%) were 16.9 +/- 3.0 years in them 1. CCR, the longest remission time amounted to more than 25 years. Of the @entity0 relapsed 9 are 8.4 +/- 2.8 years in 2. CR. Late relapses after 5 years were observed in seven cases the last in the 9th year of disease. After 5 years the survival rate in both protocols was not different. As a late sequelae, there was one @entity0 with @entity3 and portal @entity2 and one with @entity1 and imbecility. All @entity0 were able to leave their professional examination, 5 @entity0 married and 6 healthy @entity0 were born.

title: [Long-term survival following @entity4 ( XXXX ) in childhood].

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The once daily formulation of @entity1 is an important immunosuppressive drug. Interpatient variability in metabolism has been related to genetic variation in @entity2 and @entity3 . However, in liver transplantation, both donor and recipient genotypes may affect pharmacokinetics. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of @entity2 *22 and @entity3 *3 of both donor and recipient on once daily @entity1 pharmacokinetics. The secondary objective was to develop a limited sampling model able to accurately predict exposure. METHODS: Stable liver transplant @entity0 receiving once daily @entity1 (N  =  66) were included. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed with @entity0 of whom DNA was available (N  =  49), and demographic factors, @entity2 *22 and @entity3 *3, were tested as covariates. Moreover, a limited sampling model was developed using data of 66 @entity0 . RESULTS: Pharmacokinetics was best described by a two-compartment model with delayed absorption. @entity3 *1 carrying recipients engrafted with a @entity3 *1 carrying liver had an average 1.7-fold higher clearance compared to non-carriers. @entity3 *1 carrying recipients engrafted with a @entity3 *1 non-carrying liver or vice versa showed an average 1.3-fold higher clearance compared with non-carriers. @entity2 *22 was not significantly associated with once daily @entity1 pharmacokinetics. Using 0, 2, and 3  h postdose as limited sampling model resulted in significantly improved prediction of @entity1 exposure compared with trough concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Both donor and recipient @entity3 genotype significantly influences @entity1 once daily pharmacokinetics. In contrast, @entity2 *22 appears not suitable as biomarker. The developed limited sampling model can be used to accurately estimate @entity1 once daily exposure.

title: Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of once daily XXXX formulation in stable liver transplant recipients.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Structural and functional changes in the @entity2 small intestine following localized @entity3 were examined. In anaesthetized male @entity2 a 10 cm segment of mid-small intestine was temporarily exteriorized, suspended in a cup containing Krebs-Ringer solution, and either heated at 43.5 degrees C or sham-heated at 38 degrees C for 45 min. The intestinal segments were studied 1, 4, 7, 21 and 42 days later by histopathological examination, determination of wet weight, dry weight and gross segment area, and by measuring absorption of 15 mM @entity4 containing @entity5 -labelled @entity4 as a tracer. Intestinal @entity4 transport was assessed by two different techniques: the everted sac method (in vitro) and luminal perfusion-recirculation (in vivo). After 1 day, heated intestinal segments exhibited marked @entity1 , consisting of loss of epithelial cells and destruction of villi. Re-epithelialization had occurred by day 4, but mucosal architecture remained abnormal throughout the observation period. @entity3 caused significant thickening of the intestinal wall: at 4 days the thickening was due to @entity0 , whereas at 42 days tissue mass per cm2 in heated segments had increased by approximately 53 per cent compared with sham-heated control segments. At 1 day, net @entity4 transport in vitro in heated segments was reduced to 20 per cent and the serosal/mucosal concentration ratio to 57 per cent of that of control segments. In vivo, @entity4 transport in heated intestine at 4 days was 45 per cent of that of controls. From 4 days on, @entity4 transport improved gradually, and at 42 days there was no significant difference between heated and sham-heated animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Morphological and functional recovery of @entity2 small intestine following localized XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Structural and functional changes in the @entity2 small intestine following localized @entity3 were examined. In anaesthetized male @entity2 a 10 cm segment of mid-small intestine was temporarily exteriorized, suspended in a cup containing Krebs-Ringer solution, and either heated at 43.5 degrees C or sham-heated at 38 degrees C for 45 min. The intestinal segments were studied 1, 4, 7, 21 and 42 days later by histopathological examination, determination of wet weight, dry weight and gross segment area, and by measuring absorption of 15 mM @entity4 containing @entity5 -labelled @entity4 as a tracer. Intestinal @entity4 transport was assessed by two different techniques: the everted sac method (in vitro) and luminal perfusion-recirculation (in vivo). After 1 day, heated intestinal segments exhibited marked @entity1 , consisting of loss of epithelial cells and destruction of villi. Re-epithelialization had occurred by day 4, but mucosal architecture remained abnormal throughout the observation period. @entity3 caused significant thickening of the intestinal wall: at 4 days the thickening was due to @entity0 , whereas at 42 days tissue mass per cm2 in heated segments had increased by approximately 53 per cent compared with sham-heated control segments. At 1 day, net @entity4 transport in vitro in heated segments was reduced to 20 per cent and the serosal/mucosal concentration ratio to 57 per cent of that of control segments. In vivo, @entity4 transport in heated intestine at 4 days was 45 per cent of that of controls. From 4 days on, @entity4 transport improved gradually, and at 42 days there was no significant difference between heated and sham-heated animals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Morphological and functional recovery of XXXX small intestine following localized @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is prospective study analyzing the subjective and objective quality of voice and voice related quality of life in @entity0 of early @entity1 (T1, T2 disease) before and after receiving curative radiotherapy. METHODS: Fifteen @entity0 of early @entity2 (T1, T2) underwent voice assessment using multidimensional voice protocol based on recommendation by European Laryngological Society which included Perceptual analysis of voice by speech therapist and otolaryngologist, acoustic analysis; aerodynamic efficiency analysis-Maximum phonation time; @entity0 's self perception of voice analysis--Voice handicap index; and videolaryngostroboscopy. Assessment was done prior to commencement of radiation therapy and at 1 month and 3 months following radio- therapy. RESULTS: There was significant improvement in majority of the voice parameters post radiotherapy. Perceptual analysis showed significant improvement in GRBAS score following radiotherapy. Perturbation measures (jitter, shimmer, SNR, HNR) showed improvement post radiotherapy though remained inferior compared to controls. Mean fundamental frequency (Mean F0) and habitual frequency (habitual F0) decreased post radiotherapy. Intensity of voice increased following radiotherapy which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was significant improvement in the @entity0 's perception of their quality of voice and voice related quality of life post radiotherapy. Maximum phonation time showed statistically significant improvement post-radiotherapy. Perceptual analysis of voice by professional observer correlated well with @entity0 self perception of his own voice. CONCLUSION: Voice quality improves following radiotherapy but not all the @entity0 regain normal voice. Improvement in @entity3 improves quality of life of @entity0 shown by improved voice handicap index.

title: Early evaluation of XXXX in @entity1 (T1, T2) following curative radiotherapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is prospective study analyzing the subjective and objective quality of voice and voice related quality of life in @entity0 of early @entity1 (T1, T2 disease) before and after receiving curative radiotherapy. METHODS: Fifteen @entity0 of early @entity2 (T1, T2) underwent voice assessment using multidimensional voice protocol based on recommendation by European Laryngological Society which included Perceptual analysis of voice by speech therapist and otolaryngologist, acoustic analysis; aerodynamic efficiency analysis-Maximum phonation time; @entity0 's self perception of voice analysis--Voice handicap index; and videolaryngostroboscopy. Assessment was done prior to commencement of radiation therapy and at 1 month and 3 months following radio- therapy. RESULTS: There was significant improvement in majority of the voice parameters post radiotherapy. Perceptual analysis showed significant improvement in GRBAS score following radiotherapy. Perturbation measures (jitter, shimmer, SNR, HNR) showed improvement post radiotherapy though remained inferior compared to controls. Mean fundamental frequency (Mean F0) and habitual frequency (habitual F0) decreased post radiotherapy. Intensity of voice increased following radiotherapy which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was significant improvement in the @entity0 's perception of their quality of voice and voice related quality of life post radiotherapy. Maximum phonation time showed statistically significant improvement post-radiotherapy. Perceptual analysis of voice by professional observer correlated well with @entity0 self perception of his own voice. CONCLUSION: Voice quality improves following radiotherapy but not all the @entity0 regain normal voice. Improvement in @entity3 improves quality of life of @entity0 shown by improved voice handicap index.

title: Early evaluation of @entity3 in XXXX (T1, T2) following curative radiotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Criteria for determining @entity5 ( @entity5 ) vary between China and the United States. We reported the results of an investigation designed to compare procedures to determine @entity5 in two countries. METHODS: The latest criteria in the United states were published in 2010. The latest criteria in China were published in 2009. We used these two types of @entity5 criteria to evaluate @entity0 who were considered to be @entity5 . The time, cost, and accuracy of the diagnosis were compared. RESULTS: From January 1, 2012 to October 8, 2013, there were 37 @entity0 which were applied for @entity5 evaluation in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit of Beijing Tiantan Hospital. The cause of @entity4 were known as @entity3 (18 @entity0 , 48.6%), @entity6 (8 @entity0 , 21.6%), @entity7 (9 @entity0 , 24.3%), @entity8 (1 @entity0 , 2.7%), and @entity1 (1 @entity0 , 2.7%). The clinical examinations were done for all of the @entity0 except 1 @entity0 who had low blood pressure. Three @entity0 had brainstem reflexes that were excluded from @entity5 . Twenty-five @entity0 had @entity2 tests, and 20 tests were completed that were all positive. Confirmatory tests were completed differently: Transcranial Doppler (30 @entity0 , positive rate 86.7%), electroencephalogram (25 @entity0 , positive rate 100%), and somatosensory evoked potential (16 @entity0 , positive rate 100%). Thirty-three @entity0 were diagnosed @entity5 by criteria of the United States. Only 9 @entity0 were diagnosed @entity5 by Chinese criteria. The use of time and money in the USA criteria was obviously fewer than those in Chinese criteria (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Compared with @entity5 criteria of the United States, Chinese criteria were stricter, lower positive rate, more cost in money and time, and more reliable by families and doctors.

title: A Comparison of XXXX Criteria between China and the United States.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Motor dysfunction is common in @entity2 @entity0 . Clinical electrophysiological studies suggest that @entity3 occurred in the lower motor neurons, while pathological evidence is lacked. This study aimed to combine the electrophysiological and pathological results to prove the existence of @entity3 in the motor system after @entity2 . METHODS: Modified neurologic severity score, electrophysiological, and pathological assessments were evaluated in @entity1 before @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and at 24 hours, 7 days, and 14 days after @entity4 . Paired and independent-sample t-tests were applied to assess the changes of electrophysiological and pathological data. RESULTS: Compound motor action potential amplitude in the paretic side was significantly lower than the nonparetic side at both 24 hours (61.9    10.4 vs. 66.6    8.9, P < 0.05) and 7 days (60.9    8.4 vs. 67.3    9.6, P < 0.05) after @entity4 . Motor unit number estimation of the paretic side was significantly less than the nonparetic side (379.0    84.6 vs. 445.0    89.5, P < 0.05) at 7 days after @entity4 . Until 14 days after @entity2 , the pathological loss of motor neurons was detected. Motor neurons in 14-day @entity4 group were significantly decreased, compared with control group (5.3    0.7 vs. 7.3    1.8, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both electrophysiological and pathological studies showed @entity3 after @entity2 . This study identified the asynchronization in changes of electrophysiology and pathology. The abnormal physiological changes and function impairment can be detected in the early stage and recovered quickly, while the pathological loss of motor neuron can be detected only in a later stage.

title: Asynchronization in Changes of Electrophysiology and Pathology of Spinal Cord Motor Neurons in XXXX Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA)-mediated motility ( @entity6 ) is a nonintegral cell surface receptor involved in the @entity3 phenotype in a wide spectrum of @entity0 @entity1 , but the significance of @entity6 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of @entity6 and its clinical relevance in @entity5 . @entity6 mRNA expression was examined in 8 @entity5 cell lines and in primary @entity4 and adjacent non- @entity1 tissues from 14 @entity0 using real-time RT-PCR. Western blotting was carried out to analyze the expression of @entity6 protein in @entity5 cell lines. We also investigated the expression patterns of @entity6 protein in tissue samples from 70 @entity5 @entity0 using immunohistochemistry. The @entity6 mRNA expression was increased in some @entity5 cell lines as compared to a non-tumorous pancreatic epithelial cell line HPDE. The @entity6 mRNA expression was significantly higher in @entity5 tissues as compared to corresponding non-tumorous pancreatic tissues (P < 0.0001). The @entity6 protein expression was higher in the vast majority of @entity5 cell lines relative to the expression in HPDE. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong expression of @entity6 in 52 (74%) @entity5 tissues. Strong expression of @entity6 was significantly associated with a shorter survival time (P = 0.038). In multivariate analysis, @entity1 stage (P = 0.039), @entity2 (P = 0.015), and strong @entity6 expression (P = 0.034) were independent factors predicting poor survival. Strong expression of @entity6 may predict poor survival in @entity5 @entity0 and may provide prognostic and, possibly, therapeutic value.

title: Receptor for Hyaluronic Acid-Mediated Motility is Associated with Poor Survival in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The objective of this study is to develop a cost-effectiveness model comparing @entity3 ( @entity3 ) vs bare metal stent (BMS) in @entity0 suffering of stable @entity2 . Using a 2-years time horizon, two simulation models have been developed: BMS first line strategy and @entity3 first line strategy. Direct medical costs were estimated considering ambulatory and hospital costs. The effectiveness endpoint was defined as treatment success, which is the absence of major adverse @entity1 . Probabilistic sensitivity analyses were carried out using 10000 Monte-Carlo simulations. @entity3 appeared slightly more efficacious over 2 years (60% of success) when compared to BMS (58% of success). Total costs over 2 years were estimated at 9303     for the @entity3 and at 8926     for bare metal stent. Hence, corresponding mean cost-effectiveness ratios showed slightly lower costs (P < 0.05) per success for the BMS strategy (15520    /success), as compared to the @entity3 strategy (15588    /success). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio is 18850     for one additional percent of success. The sequential strategy including BMS as the first option appears to be slightly less efficacious but more cost-effective compared to the strategy including @entity3 as first option. Future modelling approaches should confirm these results as further comparative data in stable @entity2 and long-term evidence become available.

title: Cost-effectiveness modelling of percutaneous coronary interventions in stable XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescence is last chance for curbing the consequences of @entity1 and breaking the intergenerational cycle of @entity1 and poor health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and the factors associated with stunting and @entity2 among in-school adolescents in northern Ethiopia using the 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) standards. METHODS: In-school adolescents (n   =   348, 10-19 years old) were randomly selected to participate in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to determine the proportion of adolescents who were stunted (height-for-age   <   -2 Standard Deviation (SD)) and thin (body-mass-index-for-age   <   -2 SD). T-test was employed to evaluate mean weight and height differences between groups. Pearson chi-square, chi-square trend and Fisher's exact tests were used to explore the crude association of categorical outcome variables and associated factors. Crude and adjusted associations between the outcome variables (stunting and @entity2 ) and independent variables (socio-demographic, eating behavior and sanitation) were also determined using logistic regression. Stata version 11.1 was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The height of the adolescents was 147.6        11.2  cm (mean        SD) and weight was37.2        9.5  kg. The mean Z-scores of height-for-age and body-mass-index (BMI)-for-age of adolescents were -1.49 and -1.29, respectively. The prevalence of stunting and @entity2 among adolescents was 28.5  % ( @entity0   =   37.7  %; @entity0   =   21.2  %; P   =   0.001) and 26.1  % ( @entity0   =   32.4; @entity0   =   21.6  %; p   =   0.017), respectively. Adolescents in 13-15 year old age group (Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR)   =   2.23; 95  % CI: 1.22, 4.08), @entity0 (AOR   =   2.53; 95  % CI: 1.52, 4.21) and rural residents (AOR   =   2.15; 95  % CI: 1.20, 3.86) had significantly higher odds of being stunted compared to their counterparts. Furthermore, @entity0 had higher (AOR   =   1.97; 95  % CI: 1.19, 3.25) odds of being thin compared to @entity0 . Compared to those 10 to 12  years of age, adolescents in 16 to 19  years of age were 53  % (AOR   =   0.47; 95  % CI: 0.23, 0.95) less likely to be thin. CONCLUSIONS: Undernutrition is widely prevalent among adolescents in northern Ethiopia. Sex, age and area of residence significantly associated with adolescent undernutrition. The study underlines the need for nutrition interventions targeting rural and @entity0 adolescents.

title: Prevalence and factors associated with stunting and XXXX among adolescent students in Northern Ethiopia: a comparison to World Health Organization standards.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Chronic trigeminal @entity4 , with its severe related functional problems, is difficult to treat. Treatment is often empirically based on medications used for other @entity6 conditions. Systemic @entity7 channel and @entity5 channel blocking agents may cause a multitude of complications that are often poorly tolerated by the @entity0 . AIM: The aim of this case report was to assess the efficacy of topical 5% @entity8 plasters in reducing @entity4 and reducing adjuvant medication in @entity0 with orofacial @entity1 . METHOD: Fourteen @entity0 with chronic @entity4 conditions referred to the oral surgery department were instructed to wear 5% @entity8 plasters for 12 hours each day over the @entity4 area. The conditions included post-surgical @entity3 (n = 10), @entity2 -related @entity4 (n = 1), persistent idiopathic @entity4 (n = 1), @entity9 ( @entity1 , n = 1) and trigeminal @entity1 (n = 1). Data were collected on @entity0 demographics, @entity4 levels and medication. RESULTS: Pain levels improved in 12 out of 14 @entity0 . Nine @entity0 had a reduction in adjuvant medication, two of whom completely stopped adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSION: This case series demonstrates that of the use of 5% @entity8 plasters may play a useful role in the management of chronic trigeminal @entity4 . A suggested novel approach for the management of @entity4 , for clinicians, is presented. SUMMARY POINTS: Management of chronic @entity4 continues to be a major challenge to the clinician. @entity0 are often placed on a multitude of medications in an attempt to alleviate @entity4 without success.Topical 5% @entity8 plasters, currently used for the management of @entity1 , offer the option of locally targeting trigeminal @entity4 without the multiple side-effects of systemic medication.This case series demonstrates that @entity8 plasters decrease verbal @entity4 scores in extraoral, trigeminal and @entity1 , and reduce the use of other neuromodulatory agents in some, but not all, @entity0 .The plasters should be considered as a useful adjuvant in the management of @entity4 in these @entity0 .

title: Case studies illustrating the management of trigeminal @entity1 using topical 5% XXXX plasters.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Chronic trigeminal @entity4 , with its severe related functional problems, is difficult to treat. Treatment is often empirically based on medications used for other @entity6 conditions. Systemic @entity7 channel and @entity5 channel blocking agents may cause a multitude of complications that are often poorly tolerated by the @entity0 . AIM: The aim of this case report was to assess the efficacy of topical 5% @entity8 plasters in reducing @entity4 and reducing adjuvant medication in @entity0 with orofacial @entity1 . METHOD: Fourteen @entity0 with chronic @entity4 conditions referred to the oral surgery department were instructed to wear 5% @entity8 plasters for 12 hours each day over the @entity4 area. The conditions included post-surgical @entity3 (n = 10), @entity2 -related @entity4 (n = 1), persistent idiopathic @entity4 (n = 1), @entity9 ( @entity1 , n = 1) and trigeminal @entity1 (n = 1). Data were collected on @entity0 demographics, @entity4 levels and medication. RESULTS: Pain levels improved in 12 out of 14 @entity0 . Nine @entity0 had a reduction in adjuvant medication, two of whom completely stopped adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSION: This case series demonstrates that of the use of 5% @entity8 plasters may play a useful role in the management of chronic trigeminal @entity4 . A suggested novel approach for the management of @entity4 , for clinicians, is presented. SUMMARY POINTS: Management of chronic @entity4 continues to be a major challenge to the clinician. @entity0 are often placed on a multitude of medications in an attempt to alleviate @entity4 without success.Topical 5% @entity8 plasters, currently used for the management of @entity1 , offer the option of locally targeting trigeminal @entity4 without the multiple side-effects of systemic medication.This case series demonstrates that @entity8 plasters decrease verbal @entity4 scores in extraoral, trigeminal and @entity1 , and reduce the use of other neuromodulatory agents in some, but not all, @entity0 .The plasters should be considered as a useful adjuvant in the management of @entity4 in these @entity0 .

title: Case studies illustrating the management of trigeminal XXXX using topical 5% @entity8 plasters.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dietary intakes of @entity3 and @entity2 are important determinants of blood pressure. We assessed @entity3 and @entity2 intake in a cross-sectional survey which included a random sample of New Zealand Adults aged 18 to 64 years from two New Zealand cities: Dunedin and Wellington. @entity0 completed a short questionnaire, had height, weight and blood pressure measured, and collected a 24 h urine sample. Mean 24 h @entity3 excretion was 3386 mg/day (95% CI 3221, 3551): 3865 mg/day for @entity0 and for 2934 mg/day @entity0 . Mean 24 h @entity2 excretion was 2738 mg/day (95% CI 2623, 2855): 3031 mg/day for @entity0 and 2436 mg/day for @entity0 . Mean @entity3 : @entity2 ratio was 1.32 (95% CI 1.26, 1.39); 1.39 for @entity0 and 1.26 for @entity0 . @entity3 intake was higher among younger @entity0 , @entity0 , those with a higher BMI and higher @entity2 excretion. @entity2 excretion was higher among older @entity0 , @entity0 and those with a higher @entity3 excretion. New Zealand adults have high @entity3 intakes and low @entity2 intakes compared to recommended levels. This is likely to adversely affect population blood pressure levels as well as incidence of @entity1 . A comprehensive public health programme to reduce dietary @entity3 intake and increase intake of fruit and vegetables is warranted.

title: Balancing @entity3 and XXXX : Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dietary intakes of @entity3 and @entity2 are important determinants of blood pressure. We assessed @entity3 and @entity2 intake in a cross-sectional survey which included a random sample of New Zealand Adults aged 18 to 64 years from two New Zealand cities: Dunedin and Wellington. @entity0 completed a short questionnaire, had height, weight and blood pressure measured, and collected a 24 h urine sample. Mean 24 h @entity3 excretion was 3386 mg/day (95% CI 3221, 3551): 3865 mg/day for @entity0 and for 2934 mg/day @entity0 . Mean 24 h @entity2 excretion was 2738 mg/day (95% CI 2623, 2855): 3031 mg/day for @entity0 and 2436 mg/day for @entity0 . Mean @entity3 : @entity2 ratio was 1.32 (95% CI 1.26, 1.39); 1.39 for @entity0 and 1.26 for @entity0 . @entity3 intake was higher among younger @entity0 , @entity0 , those with a higher BMI and higher @entity2 excretion. @entity2 excretion was higher among older @entity0 , @entity0 and those with a higher @entity3 excretion. New Zealand adults have high @entity3 intakes and low @entity2 intakes compared to recommended levels. This is likely to adversely affect population blood pressure levels as well as incidence of @entity1 . A comprehensive public health programme to reduce dietary @entity3 intake and increase intake of fruit and vegetables is warranted.

title: Balancing XXXX and @entity2 : Estimates of Intake in a New Zealand Adult Population Sample.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to analyse causes of impaired @entity3 and to present options of their management. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of the data on complications prospectively collected between 2008 and 2013. The @entity0 admitted for primary treatment at the @entity2 Centre of the Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove from January 2008 to December 2013 included 1186 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) > 15 and 1340 @entity0 with new @entity2 (NISS) >15, all older than 16 years. With the exception of two @entity0 , the primary treatment involved the application of an external fixator as part of damage control surgery. Definitive surgery, regardless of the site of @entity3 , was performed using unreamed femoral nails (UFN) in 51, distal femoral nails (DFN) in 33, plates in 26, long proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA-long) in 14 and nails combined with dynamic hip screw (DHS) plates in five @entity3 . The analysis revealed both mechanical and biological causes of poor bone healing. RESULTS Of the 124 @entity0 whose @entity4 included a @entity3 of the femur, 11 died within 24 hours in spite of intensive resuscitation. In the remaining 113 @entity0 there were 16 bilateral @entity3 , 20 @entity3 of the proximal femur (extraarticular), 72 @entity3 and 26 @entity3 . Nine @entity0 sustained segmental femoral shaft @entity3 . Ten diaphyseal and 14 distal femur @entity2 were @entity7 (13.5% and 54%, respectively). @entity5 developed in a total of 12 @entity3 (9.3%); six (7.2%) were diaphyseal @entity3 , of which three were @entity7 , and six (21.4%) were @entity3 with two initially open @entity2 . All proximal femur @entity3 healed completely. DISCUSSION The frequency of non-union femoral diaphyseal @entity3 in our @entity0 treated by unreamed intra-medullary nailing is in agreement with the literature data. The frequency of non-union @entity3 in our group was slightly higher than is published in the literature. This can be accounted for by the characteristics of our group consisting of @entity0 with multiple severe @entity2 in whom @entity3 are due to high-energy @entity2 ; the overall severity of @entity2 negatively affects the biological potential of a @entity0 organism for bone healing. CONCLUSIONS A successful outcome of @entity6 repair is based on an understanding of the biomechanical principle, i.e., correct @entity3 reduction and stable osteosynthesis fitting the morphology of the @entity3 . @entity6 heal well with the use of a narrow long nail whose working length allows for even distribution of movement at a @entity3 line amongst the fragments and thus @entity3 motion load does not exceed 20%. On the other hand, short oblique and transverse @entity3 are examples of problematic @entity3 which require maximum possible stability provided by a thick nail with a short working length; this is achieved by reaming the medullary cavity or adding lag screws. In our group of @entity0 these @entity3 were also the most problematic ones. Generally, nailing remains the golden standard in the management of @entity6 . Key words: @entity4 , @entity6 , surgical treatment, @entity1 .

title: [ @entity1 after Surgery for XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to analyse causes of impaired @entity3 and to present options of their management. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of the data on complications prospectively collected between 2008 and 2013. The @entity0 admitted for primary treatment at the @entity2 Centre of the Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove from January 2008 to December 2013 included 1186 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) > 15 and 1340 @entity0 with new @entity2 (NISS) >15, all older than 16 years. With the exception of two @entity0 , the primary treatment involved the application of an external fixator as part of damage control surgery. Definitive surgery, regardless of the site of @entity3 , was performed using unreamed femoral nails (UFN) in 51, distal femoral nails (DFN) in 33, plates in 26, long proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA-long) in 14 and nails combined with dynamic hip screw (DHS) plates in five @entity3 . The analysis revealed both mechanical and biological causes of poor bone healing. RESULTS Of the 124 @entity0 whose @entity4 included a @entity3 of the femur, 11 died within 24 hours in spite of intensive resuscitation. In the remaining 113 @entity0 there were 16 bilateral @entity3 , 20 @entity3 of the proximal femur (extraarticular), 72 @entity3 and 26 @entity3 . Nine @entity0 sustained segmental femoral shaft @entity3 . Ten diaphyseal and 14 distal femur @entity2 were @entity7 (13.5% and 54%, respectively). @entity5 developed in a total of 12 @entity3 (9.3%); six (7.2%) were diaphyseal @entity3 , of which three were @entity7 , and six (21.4%) were @entity3 with two initially open @entity2 . All proximal femur @entity3 healed completely. DISCUSSION The frequency of non-union femoral diaphyseal @entity3 in our @entity0 treated by unreamed intra-medullary nailing is in agreement with the literature data. The frequency of non-union @entity3 in our group was slightly higher than is published in the literature. This can be accounted for by the characteristics of our group consisting of @entity0 with multiple severe @entity2 in whom @entity3 are due to high-energy @entity2 ; the overall severity of @entity2 negatively affects the biological potential of a @entity0 organism for bone healing. CONCLUSIONS A successful outcome of @entity6 repair is based on an understanding of the biomechanical principle, i.e., correct @entity3 reduction and stable osteosynthesis fitting the morphology of the @entity3 . @entity6 heal well with the use of a narrow long nail whose working length allows for even distribution of movement at a @entity3 line amongst the fragments and thus @entity3 motion load does not exceed 20%. On the other hand, short oblique and transverse @entity3 are examples of problematic @entity3 which require maximum possible stability provided by a thick nail with a short working length; this is achieved by reaming the medullary cavity or adding lag screws. In our group of @entity0 these @entity3 were also the most problematic ones. Generally, nailing remains the golden standard in the management of @entity6 . Key words: @entity4 , @entity6 , surgical treatment, @entity1 .

title: [ XXXX after Surgery for @entity6 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 1982, we developed a new @entity2 scale, the Glasgow-Li  ge Scale (GLS), which combines the Glasgow @entity2 scale (GCS) with the quantified analysis of five brain stem reflexes. After severe @entity1 , the two most important parameters for determining the degree of encephalic disturbances are motor responses (M) and brain stem reflexes (R). The object of this study was to further evaluate the prognosis ability of M and R on admission and during the first month after injury. The study is based on 141 @entity0 . The highest score, during the first day, was less than or equal to 7 on the GCS and 12 on the GLS. Using a multiple group logistic discriminant analysis, we confirmed that, in the first 24 hours, the study of brain stem reflexes appears to be the one factor with the best prognostic ability. We also showed that the prognostic value of certain signs is optimal for a limited period. If, within the two variables M and R, recovery follows an identical pattern whatever the final outcome may be, the restructing speed differs for each outcome. M follows an exponential curve spread over a long period explaining its importance in the course of time. On the other hand, R follows a linear model with straight lines more or less parallel for each outcome. R evolves over a short period of time. These clinical findings give us the opportunity to discuss the physio-pathology of @entity1 .

title: The Glasgow-Li  ge Scale. Prognostic value and evolution of motor response and brain stem reflexes after severe XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Massive @entity4 sometimes occurs in @entity1 . To examine the possible role of acquired disorders of hemostasis contributing to such events, several laboratory indicators of hemostasis (APT time, Normotest, platelet count, @entity5 time, @entity7 , factor VIII activity, vWF:Ag, factor X, factor XIII, antithrombin III, fibrinopeptide A, and B beta(15-42] were studied in 10 @entity0 with active @entity1 ( @entity1 activity index (CDAI) greater than 150) and 10 @entity0 with quiescent disease (CDAI less than 150). Marked @entity6 was seen in three @entity0 with active disease. Factor VIII activity and @entity7 levels were significantly elevated in @entity0 with @entity1 (p less than 0.001), and the factor VIII activity levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in the @entity0 with active disease than in those with quiescent disease. Factor XIII levels were significantly lower (p less than 0.02) in @entity0 with active disease. Three of the @entity0 with active disease had factor XIII levels below the lower reference limit. The two @entity0 with the lowest levels had @entity5 @entity2 and spontaneous @entity5 from the rectal mucosa. Fibrinopeptide A and B beta(15-42) levels were significantly elevated in both groups. The other coagulation analyses were essentially normal in both @entity0 groups. The results suggest that @entity8 acquired through @entity3 may contribute to @entity4 in some @entity0 with active @entity1 .

title: Hemostasis in XXXX : low factor XIII levels in active disease.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The role of the @entity0 in the etiology of recurrent @entity3 was examined in three @entity0 who reported an association between coitus and the initiation of clinical symptoms. The @entity0 ' disorders consisted of vaginal @entity2 , burning, a white discharge, and painful coitus. Vaginal pH in each case was 4.5. Microscopic examination of wet mounts of vaginal secretion had no clue cells and no organisms other than lactobacillus. One culture was positive for @entity4 ; however, successful treatment of the @entity4 @entity3 did not eliminate the @entity0 's symptoms. Semen samples from the @entity0 ' partners were negative for @entity4 . One of the seminal fluids had highly elevated concentrations of total IgE. The other two semen samples contained IgE antibodies that were reactive with a particulate fraction of vaginal fluids obtained from their wives. In contrast, vaginal fluids from the @entity0 were all negative for IgE antibodies to their partner's semen. Use of a condom during coitus ended the recurring cycles of @entity3 in all three @entity0 . @entity3 may be induced by an @entity1 initiated by the transfer from @entity0 to @entity0 during coitus of IgE antibodies reactive either to antigens of the female genital tract or components of semen. @entity0 allergic to female vaginal secretions, to vaginal microbes or their products, or to semen represent a previously unrecognized noninfectious vector for this disorder.

title: Recurrent XXXX as a result of sexual transmission of IgE antibodies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, there exists considerable clinical uncertainty regarding the role of radiologic imaging in the staging and management of high-risk @entity2 (hrSCC). OBJECTIVE: The authors sought to investigate the clinical and pathologic features predictive of bony invasion, perineural invasion, or @entity3 in @entity0 that had undergone head and neck imaging for hrSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors conducted a single-center retrospective chart review of @entity0 (n = 82) that had undergone head and neck imaging for hrSCC. RESULTS: Twenty-nine percent (24/82) of @entity0 in the study had positive findings on radiologic imaging. Immunocompromised @entity0 were more likely to have the radiologic finding of @entity3 (p = .04). @entity1 size was found to correlate with the radiologic finding of bony invasion (correlation coefficient = 0.40, p = .0002). There was no relationship between either high risk location or high risk histopathology and positive radiologic findings. The low number of @entity0 and its retrospective nature are study limitations. CONCLUSION: The clinical features of host immunosuppression and @entity1 size are predictive of positive imaging findings in hrSCC. The decision to perform radiologic imaging in @entity0 with hrSCC may be influenced by these factors, but continue to be more firmly guided by physical exam and clinical suspicion.

title: Clinical and Pathologic Factors Predictive of Positive Radiologic Findings in High-Risk XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity0 with @entity6 are at increased risk of @entity3 . The retinal and renal complications of @entity1 follow microvascular damage permitting small arterioles to leak, hence the @entity4 might also follow loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Magnetic resonance (MR) brain imaging with intravenous @entity7 (Gd) diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ( @entity8 ) was used to identify increased BBB permeability. METHODS: Ten well controlled type II @entity1 @entity0 aged 65-70 years and 10 controls underwent MR brain imaging with fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR); T1 weighted (T1W) volumetric imaging before; and T1W volumetric imaging at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minutes after intravenous @entity8 . The T1W image before @entity8 was subtracted from the images at each time point after @entity8 . Net signal intensity was plotted against time for different brain regions. @entity2 were scored from the FLAIR image. RESULTS: The signal intensity/time curves showed that brain signal intensity increased more in the @entity1 group than controls during the first 15 minutes after @entity8 , particularly in the basal ganglia (p=0.018). Signal intensity in controls peaked at five minutes and @entity1 at 15 minutes. Subjects with more @entity2 had greater signal increase after @entity8 , whether @entity1 or not (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased BBB permeability with MR imaging was detected in @entity0 with @entity2 . Increased permeability of the BBB might account for some of the cerebral effects of @entity6 , and so possibly also for the effect of other conditions that affect the microvasculature (like @entity5 ), on the brain.

title: Increased blood-brain barrier permeability in @entity6 demonstrated by XXXX magnetic resonance imaging.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity0 with @entity6 are at increased risk of @entity3 . The retinal and renal complications of @entity1 follow microvascular damage permitting small arterioles to leak, hence the @entity4 might also follow loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Magnetic resonance (MR) brain imaging with intravenous @entity7 (Gd) diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ( @entity8 ) was used to identify increased BBB permeability. METHODS: Ten well controlled type II @entity1 @entity0 aged 65-70 years and 10 controls underwent MR brain imaging with fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR); T1 weighted (T1W) volumetric imaging before; and T1W volumetric imaging at 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minutes after intravenous @entity8 . The T1W image before @entity8 was subtracted from the images at each time point after @entity8 . Net signal intensity was plotted against time for different brain regions. @entity2 were scored from the FLAIR image. RESULTS: The signal intensity/time curves showed that brain signal intensity increased more in the @entity1 group than controls during the first 15 minutes after @entity8 , particularly in the basal ganglia (p=0.018). Signal intensity in controls peaked at five minutes and @entity1 at 15 minutes. Subjects with more @entity2 had greater signal increase after @entity8 , whether @entity1 or not (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased BBB permeability with MR imaging was detected in @entity0 with @entity2 . Increased permeability of the BBB might account for some of the cerebral effects of @entity6 , and so possibly also for the effect of other conditions that affect the microvasculature (like @entity5 ), on the brain.

title: Increased blood-brain barrier permeability in XXXX demonstrated by @entity7 magnetic resonance imaging.

answer: @entity6


abstract: In @entity0 isolated anococcygeus muscle, @entity3 (2.6 x 10(-11) M to 8.3 x 10(-10) M) produced a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on field stimulated contractions. The effect of @entity3 was blocked by @entity6 (2.2 x 10(-8) M) but not by @entity7 (2.6 x 10(-10) M) or @entity4 (1.0 x 10(-7) M), suggesting a specific prejunctional inhibitory effect. Higher concentrations of @entity3 (1.4 x 10(-7) M to 1.4 x 10(-4) M) elicited concentration-dependent contractions which were blocked competitively with higher concentrations of @entity6 (2.2 x 10(-7) M to 1.4 x 10(-4) M) and 2.2 x 10(-6) M), suggesting a postjunctional activity. @entity5 in very low concentrations (2.8 x 10(-11) M to 4.4 x 10(-10) M) blocked the field stimulated contractions. @entity9 (2.6 x 10(-9) M) per se augmented them and also antagonized the inhibitory effects of @entity5 , suggesting a prejunctional activity of @entity5 . Higher concentrations of @entity5 (5.5 x 10(-7) M to 7.0 x 10(-5) M) produced contractions which were not altered by @entity9 in a concentration (2.6 x 10(-9) M) which antagonized the prejunctional activity of @entity5 . @entity1 , in a wide range (3.1 x 10(-12) M to 2.6 x 10(-8) M), did not modify field stimulated contractions. Very low concentrations of @entity2 (1.2 x 10(-11) M to 3.8 x 10(-10) M) had an inhibitory effect on field stimulated contractions. @entity8 (2.8 x 10(-9) M) enhanced the responses to electrical stimulation and antagonized the @entity2 -induced inhibitory effect. Still higher concentrations of @entity2 (1.9 x 10(-6) M to 1.0 x 10(-3) M) produced concentration-dependent contractions. @entity8 (8.5 x 10(-7) M) failed to antagonize, whereas @entity10 (1.0 x 10(-6) M) antagonized @entity2 competitively. @entity3 (8.3 x 10(-10) M), @entity5 (4.4 x 10(-10) M) or @entity2 (3.9 x 10(-10) M), in concentrations which produced a maximal prejunctional inhibitory effect, did not alter the EC50 value of NA, ruling out a post-junctional effect. Moreover, the concentration ratios of these agents for EC50 pre to EC50 post were less than 1, suggesting their preferential prejunctional site of action. It is concluded that multiple prejunctional site of action. It is concluded that multiple prejunctional receptor activities for DA, @entity5 (muscarinic) and @entity2 , which modify the release of neurotransmitter, may be operative in this preparation.

title: Evidence for multiple prejunctional receptor sites in XXXX isolated anococcygeus muscle.

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review of medical records and imaging studies of @entity0 diagnosed with @entity8 without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) or SCIWORA-like symptoms at @entity0 's Hospital of Pittsburgh between 1965 and 1999 was undertaken. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the existence of occult segmental spinal instability and a role for bracing as treatment for SCIWORA, we contrasted the @entity0 's Hospital of Pittsburgh experience with literature reports on SCIWORA. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There is a great deal of @entity7 and conflicting evidence regarding pediatric SCIWORA in the literature. Previous reports from our institution reported unique findings, including the only description of serious, recurrent SCIWORA in the literature. These findings have frequently been cited as the justification for long-term immobilization in all cases of SCIWORA. METHODS: All records on @entity0 coded as @entity8 without @entity4 or @entity9 (ICD-9 code 952.xx) were reviewed. @entity0 17 years of age or younger with traumatic @entity8 and normal plain radiographic findings were included. Penetrating @entity3 , @entity6 , or @entity5 were excluded. RESULTS: A total of 189 @entity0 were diagnosed with SCIWORA at our institution over the 35-year review period. These @entity0 differed from those reported in the literature with respect to a higher incidence, older age, less involved @entity1 , and more low-energy mechanisms, such as sports and falls. There were no cases of a @entity0 with SCIWORA who deteriorated and developed a permanent @entity2 after having either recovered or plateaued from an initial SCIWORA. All recurrent SCIWORA recovered to normal neurologic function. Bracing did not demonstrate any benefit in preventing these minor recurrent SCIWORAs. CONCLUSION: We identified no cases of serious, recurrent SCIWORA at our institution from 1965 to 1999. A case-by-case evaluation is required for the treatment of @entity8 without apparent @entity10 , and bracing is not uniformly indicated.

title: Pediatric XXXX without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA): the absence of occult instability and lack of indication for bracing.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to analyse whether there is an association between reduced susceptibility to biocides in @entity4 and (i) antimicrobial resistance (co-resistance), (ii) prevalent ( @entity5 ) clones, (iii) changes in the fitness or (iv) expression of genes related to efflux pumps and porins. METHODS: Susceptibility to biocides and antimicrobials was determined in 49 clonally unrelated isolates of A. baumannii. Biological cost, in terms of mean generation time, was determined by spectrophotometry. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was used to determine the relative expression of genes encoding several efflux pumps and porins. RESULTS: Reduced susceptibility to @entity8 , @entity7 and @entity9 (  ) was associated with resistance to @entity0 , @entity1 and @entity2 (P<0.05). The MICs of @entity3 , @entity0 , @entity6 and @entity2 for isolate Ab70 ( @entity5 clone) exposed to these biocides increased by >= 2 dilutions. Reduced susceptibility to Orsan(  ) was more frequent among prevalent clones than non-prevalent clones (P<0.05). Mean generation times for Ab70 before and after exposure to @entity7 were 57.8 and 78.1 min, respectively (P=0.02). Relative expression of abeS and adeB was increased in Ab46 and Ab70 after exposure to @entity8 , but was decreased for ompA and carO after exposure to @entity9 (  ). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced susceptibility to biocides is associated with co-resistance to carbapenems, @entity0 , @entity1 and @entity2 . Reduced susceptibility to Orsan(  ) may be a marker of prevalent clones. Acquisition of reduced susceptibility to @entity7 has a biological cost. Exposure to biocides affects the relative expression of genes related to some efflux pump genes (increased expression) or porins (reduced expression).

title: Reduced susceptibility to biocides in XXXX : association with resistance to antimicrobials, epidemiological behaviour, biological cost and effect on the expression of genes encoding porins and efflux pumps.

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A prospective epidemiologic cohort study. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of clearly defined pelvic @entity1 in pregnancy based on both history and objective confirmation and to classify pelvic @entity1 into four groups and determine their incidence. SUMMARY AND BACKGROUND DATA: Pelvic and @entity3 in pregnancy is a substantial problem, and the correct treatment is hampered by several factors, such as the lack of clearly defined clinical conditions, variety of nomenclature, and great variance in reported incidence (range 4-76.4%). This variation in incidence is a problem that calls for a clearly defined criteria and a study design aimed at resolving such varying incidence rates. METHODS: All pregnant @entity0 booked for delivery at two Danish hospitals over a 1-year period were offered to participate in the study in week 33 of gestation. @entity0 who reported daily @entity1 from @entity2 , which could be objectively confirmed, were divided, according to symptoms, into five subgroups: four classification groups ( @entity5 , symphysiolysis, one-sided sacroiliac syndrome, and double-sided sacroiliac syndrome) and one miscellaneous. A total of 1460 @entity0 formed the incidence cohort based on geographic criteria. RESULTS: A total of 293 @entity0 (20.1%) were found to have pelvic @entity1 divided in one of the four classification groups: @entity5 6.0%, symphysiolysis 2.3%, one-sided sacroiliac syndrome 5.5%, and double-sided sacroiliac syndrome 6.3%. CONCLUSION: This study proposes new, more precise procedures for the identification and classification of @entity4 based on both reports from the @entity0 and a physical examination. Presumably, the 20.1% incidence rate, identified in the present study, represents the most precise and reliable information available hitherto, regarding the incidence of @entity4 .

title: Incidence of four syndromes of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The use of angiography to evaluate penetrating @entity1 with proximity to major @entity3 remains controversial. Arteriography in the asymptomatic @entity0 with a penetrating extremity wound is reported to identify @entity2 in 6% to 21% of @entity0 ; however, some injuries may have little clinical importance. This study attempted to determine the value of proximity as an indication for angiography. Five hundred seven asymptomatic @entity0 with 534 penetrating @entity1 underwent arteriography due to proximity to major @entity3 . Thirty-six arteriograms (6.7%) were positive. Seven @entity0 did not undergo operative exploration, 19 @entity0 (3.6%) had arteriograms, and ten (1.9%) had false-positive arteriograms. The remaining 498 @entity0 had true-negative examination results. Arteriography was associated with 13 complications (2.6%). @entity2 in the clinically asymptomatic @entity0 in our series was extremely low (3.6%). These data make it difficult to justify arteriography due to proximity of injury to major @entity3 . However, it is difficult to abandon exclusion arteriography based on these retrospective data. These observations do suggest that better criteria to define proximity need to be identified.

title: Assessment of proximity of a wound to major XXXX as an indication for arteriography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Treatment with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) inhibitors, such as @entity4 ( @entity5 ), increase survival in animal models of @entity1 and @entity3 . @entity5 is a pan-inhibitor that blocks most of the known @entity7 isoforms. Targeting individual @entity7 isoforms may increase survival and reduce complications, but little is known of the natural history of @entity7 gene expression following @entity1 . We hypothesized that distinct @entity7 isoform gene expression patterns would be associated with differences in outcomes following @entity1 . METHODS: 28 day longitudinal @entity7 leukocyte gene expression profiles in 172 blunt @entity1 @entity0 were extracted from the Inflammation And Host Response to Injury (Glue Grant) dataset. Outcome was classified as complicated ( @entity2 or no recovery by day 28, n=51) or uncomplicated (n=121). Mixed modeling was used to compare the @entity7 expression trajectories between the groups, corrected for Injury Severity Score, base deficit, and volume of blood products transfused over the initial 12 hours following admission. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified modules of genes with significant co-expression, and @entity7 genes were mapped to these modules. Biological function of these modules was investigated using the Gene Ontology database. RESULTS: Elevated longitudinal @entity7 expression trajectories for @entity8 ,3,6 and 11 were associated with complicated outcomes. In contrast, suppressed expression of Sirtuin (SIRT) 3 was associated with adverse outcome (p<0.01). WGCNA analysis identified significant co-expression of @entity7 and SIRT genes with genes involved in ribosomal function and downregulation of protein translation in response to stress ( @entity8 ), T-cell signaling and T-cell selection ( @entity6 ), as well as coagulation and hemostasis ( @entity9 ). No co-expression of @entity10 was identified. CONCLUSION: Expression trajectories of @entity7 1,3,6,11 and @entity9 correlate with outcomes following @entity1 , and may potentially serve as biomarkers. They may also be promising targets for pharmacological intervention. The effects of @entity7 and SIRT gene expression in @entity1 may be mediated through pathways involved in ribosomal and T-cell function as well as coagulation and hemostasis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III STUDY TYPE: Prognostic.

title: Histone deactylase gene expression profiles are associated with outcomes in blunt XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Treatment with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) inhibitors, such as @entity4 ( @entity5 ), increase survival in animal models of @entity1 and @entity3 . @entity5 is a pan-inhibitor that blocks most of the known @entity7 isoforms. Targeting individual @entity7 isoforms may increase survival and reduce complications, but little is known of the natural history of @entity7 gene expression following @entity1 . We hypothesized that distinct @entity7 isoform gene expression patterns would be associated with differences in outcomes following @entity1 . METHODS: 28 day longitudinal @entity7 leukocyte gene expression profiles in 172 blunt @entity1 @entity0 were extracted from the Inflammation And Host Response to Injury (Glue Grant) dataset. Outcome was classified as complicated ( @entity2 or no recovery by day 28, n=51) or uncomplicated (n=121). Mixed modeling was used to compare the @entity7 expression trajectories between the groups, corrected for Injury Severity Score, base deficit, and volume of blood products transfused over the initial 12 hours following admission. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified modules of genes with significant co-expression, and @entity7 genes were mapped to these modules. Biological function of these modules was investigated using the Gene Ontology database. RESULTS: Elevated longitudinal @entity7 expression trajectories for @entity8 ,3,6 and 11 were associated with complicated outcomes. In contrast, suppressed expression of Sirtuin (SIRT) 3 was associated with adverse outcome (p<0.01). WGCNA analysis identified significant co-expression of @entity7 and SIRT genes with genes involved in ribosomal function and downregulation of protein translation in response to stress ( @entity8 ), T-cell signaling and T-cell selection ( @entity6 ), as well as coagulation and hemostasis ( @entity9 ). No co-expression of @entity10 was identified. CONCLUSION: Expression trajectories of @entity7 1,3,6,11 and @entity9 correlate with outcomes following @entity1 , and may potentially serve as biomarkers. They may also be promising targets for pharmacological intervention. The effects of @entity7 and SIRT gene expression in @entity1 may be mediated through pathways involved in ribosomal and T-cell function as well as coagulation and hemostasis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III STUDY TYPE: Prognostic.

title: Histone deactylase gene expression profiles are associated with outcomes in blunt @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to evaluate effectiveness of using chest X-ray (CXR), pelvis X-ray (RXP) and FAST (Focused Abdominal Sonography on @entity2 ) to exclude significant lesions of the body in @entity2 . METHODS: a prospective study involving 74 @entity0 whom made the three tests (CXR, RXP and FAST) during the initial evaluation between October 2013 and February 2014. The results were compared to the tomography of the same @entity0 or clinical outcome. If the @entity0 did not have alterations on the CT scans or during the observation time, the initial workup was considered safe. All @entity0 were evaluated at the Hospital Jo  o XXIII, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. RESULTS: of the 74 @entity0 studied the average age was 33 years, RTS: 6.98, ECG: 12. From 44 (59.45%) @entity0 with exams (radiographs and FAST) unchanged, three had significant injuries (two @entity2 and one @entity1 ) diagnosed by clinical monitoring. The remaining @entity0 - 30 (40.55%) - had at least one alteration in conventional tests. Of these group 27 (90%) had significant injuries and three (10%) minor injuries. The sensitivity of all three tests for screening considerable lesions was 90% and the specificity was 93%. The negative predictive value was 93% and the positive predictive value 89%. CONCLUSION: this research showed that all the three exams - chest X-ray, pelvis and FAST - are safe to lead with the @entity2 if well used and associated with clinical examination.

title: XXXX . Perform only radiographs and fast: is it safe?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of non-operative management (NOM) of @entity1 , being the only @entity7 , from gunshot wounds to the abdomen. METHODS: @entity0 who had @entity4 diagnosed as single @entity7 caused by PAF in the right thoracoabdominal region, hemodynamically stable were studied. All underwent examination with computed tomography. Were analyzed: age, gender, levels of @entity2 , hemodynamic condition and the abdominal examination on admission, the results of the CT scan, the extra-abdominal lesions found, the serum levels of hemoglobin, clinical course, complications, length of hospital stay, outpatient treatment and @entity3 . RESULTS: during the study period 169 @entity0 , treated non-operatively, presented @entity4 wounds. Of these, only 28 @entity0 (16.6%) had @entity1 as the only @entity7 and consequently met the inclusion criteria for this study. The average age was 27.7 years and 25 @entity0 (89.2%) were male. The overall average of verified @entity2 scores were: RTS 7.45, ISS 10.9, and TRISS 98.7%. The most frequent injuries were grade II and grade III (85.7%). Complications occurred in only one @entity0 who presented a progressive decline in hemoglobin. He underwent a CT scan which showed @entity4 . An arteriography was performed, which showed a successfully embolized @entity6 . There were no deaths in the @entity0 sample. The average hospital stay was 5.3 days. CONCLUSION: isolated @entity1 in gunshot @entity5 is uncommon. However, the NOM protocol for this @entity2 is safe and has low morbidity. This approach should only be followed in institutions with adequate infrastructure, where an experienced and cohesive team is able to follow a specific protocol, with rigorous periodic evaluation of its results.

title: Isolated XXXX injuries: nonoperative management is feasible?

answer: @entity4


abstract: During a 2-year period, 445 @entity2 @entity0 were transported directly from the scene by helicopter to a @entity2 center. The Glasgow Outcome Scale and a work status scale were used to evaluate followup information gathered 6 months to 2 1/2 years after the incident. Findings were cross-tabulated with Injury Severity Score (ISS) categories. Seventy-two per cent of the @entity0 had an ISS greater than 15. The overall mortality was 26.1%. Twenty-seven @entity0 (6.1%) were lost to followup. Eighty-three per cent of the @entity0 made a good recovery and 75% returned to their former work status (job, school, or household duties). Of the followed survivors, 5.6% had severe disability and 2.0% were permanently institutionalized. No one remained in permanent @entity1 after 6 months. In a second followup period (3 to 4 years after incident) half of the @entity0 contacted who were not working during the first followup period had either returned to their former work status or were currently trying to reenter the work force. Most survivors of serious injury benefit from an integrated @entity2 system as measured by their good recovery and the ability to return to work. Few @entity0 remain severely disabled or vegetative, requiring permanent institutionalization.

title: Quality of life after the XXXX center.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 -derivative diet pills were withdrawn from the market in 1997 because of an association with @entity3 , but subsequent estimates of the prevalence of this condition have varied widely. We systematically reviewed evidence regarding the prevalence of @entity3 after @entity4 exposure. METHODS: We searched multiple databases with multiple search terms. Conference proceedings from 1997 onward were searched by index. Authors of eligible studies were contacted to identify unpublished works. Selection criteria were liberally determined. Ten of the identified 11 articles met these criteria. Reviewers assessed the studies' methodologic quality by use of a standard form to evaluate selection, attrition, performance, and detection bias. The studies were analyzed in 2 groups on the basis of length of exposure (<90 days or >90 days). The Mantel-Haenszel method was used to summarize data. Quantitative and qualitative tests for heterogeneity were performed. Tests for publication bias were also done. RESULTS: Tests for heterogeneity were nonsignificant after removing 1 outlier trial. The pooled prevalence of @entity3 meeting Food and Drug Administration criteria (at least mild @entity1 or at least moderate @entity2 ) among @entity0 treated for >90 days was 12.0% compared with 5.9% for the unexposed group (prevalence odds ratio 2.2, 95% CI 1.7-2.7). The combined analyses also identified a small but statistically significant increase in @entity2 not previously identified by individual studies (exposed 3.5%, unexposed 1.8%, prevalence odds ratio 1.6, 95% CI 1.05-2.3). Among @entity0 exposed for <90 days, a trend toward more regurgitation was not statistically significant by either combined Food and Drug Administration criteria (exposed 6.8%, unexposed 5.8%, prevalence odds ratio 1.4, 95% CI 0.8-2.4) or by individual valve. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that @entity4 -associated @entity3 is less common than initially reported, but still present in 1 of 8 @entity0 treated for >90 days.

title: Effect of XXXX -derivative diet pills on cardiac valves: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Donor T cells have a critical role in promoting engraftment after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), but also cause @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Ex vivo T cell depletion has been an effective strategy to reduce @entity2 but has been associated with impaired alloengraftment and host immunity. Using an MHC-mismatched @entity0 model, we have examined an alternative approach to @entity2 prevention whereby donor T cells are selectively eliminated in vivo after BMT using transgenic T cells in which a @entity1 kinase (TK) suicide gene is targeted to the T cell. Lethally irradiated AKR/J (H-2k) @entity0 transplanted with @entity3 C57BL/6 (B6)(H-2b) bone marrow (BM) plus B6 TK+ T cells and then treated with GCV post-BMT had significantly less @entity2 severity and improved immune reconstitution compared to untreated @entity0 , providing proof of principle that this strategy could mitigate @entity2 . To assess the impact of GCV administration on alloengraftment, sublethally irradiated AKR @entity0 were transplanted with @entity3 B6 BM alone or admixed with limiting numbers (5 x 10(5)) of B6 TK+ T cells. When tested 3-4 weeks post-transplant, control @entity3 BM @entity0 all rejected their grafts. Conversely, > 80% of GCV-treated @entity0 had sustained donor T cell engraftment comparable to what was observed in untreated animals. Notably, GCV-treated @entity0 were more likely to have mixed T cell chimerism early post-BMT than untreated animals, however, nearly all GCV-treated @entity0 progressed to complete donor T cell engraftment by 2-3 months post-transplant. Preservation of engraftment was critically dependent upon the GCV administration schedule and required that GCV be delayed for at least one week post-transplant. These studies demonstrate that specific incorporation of a suicide gene into donor T cells is a viable strategy that can be employed to reduce @entity2 without compromising alloengraftment.

title: Regulation of alloresponses after bone marrow transplantation using donor T cells expressing a XXXX kinase suicide gene.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Assays of neuron-localized (neurotypic) and glia-localized (gliotypic) proteins were used to detect and characterize the toxic effects of @entity1 ( @entity2 ) on the developing @entity0 central nervous system. Four proteins associated with specific aspects of neuronal and glial development were evaluated: 1) @entity4 , a synaptic vesicle-associated protein; 2) neurofilament 200, an intermediate filament protein of the neuronal cytoskeleton; 3) @entity3 , an oligodendroglia and myelin-sheath associated protein; and 4) glial fibrillary acidic protein, an intermediate filament protein of astrocytes. On postnatal days 13, 22 and 60, the amount of each protein in homogenates of cerebellum, forebrain and hippocampus was determined by radioimmunoassay. A single administration of @entity2 (2, 3 or 4 mg/kg i.p.) on postnatal day 5 caused dose- and region-dependent decreases in brain weight with the cerebellum being most affected. These decrements were not associated with light microscopic evidence of altered brain development (on postnatal day 61) but were accompanied by large dose- and region-dependent decreases in @entity4 and @entity3 . Decrements in both the per tissue (total) and per milligram of tissue protein (concentration) values for these proteins were observed in cerebellum and forebrain; hippocampus was largely unaffected. @entity2 -induced reductions in @entity4 and @entity3 were seen at dosages that did not affect brain, thymus or body weight. At dosages of @entity2 that did not affect body weight, reductions in brain weight, @entity4 and @entity3 did not persist into adulthood. The data indicate that exposure to @entity2 on postnatal day 5 is toxic to the developing nervous system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Acute exposure of the neonatal @entity0 to XXXX results in decreases in biochemical indicators of synaptogenesis and myelinogenesis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Assays of neuron-localized (neurotypic) and glia-localized (gliotypic) proteins were used to detect and characterize the toxic effects of @entity1 ( @entity2 ) on the developing @entity0 central nervous system. Four proteins associated with specific aspects of neuronal and glial development were evaluated: 1) @entity4 , a synaptic vesicle-associated protein; 2) neurofilament 200, an intermediate filament protein of the neuronal cytoskeleton; 3) @entity3 , an oligodendroglia and myelin-sheath associated protein; and 4) glial fibrillary acidic protein, an intermediate filament protein of astrocytes. On postnatal days 13, 22 and 60, the amount of each protein in homogenates of cerebellum, forebrain and hippocampus was determined by radioimmunoassay. A single administration of @entity2 (2, 3 or 4 mg/kg i.p.) on postnatal day 5 caused dose- and region-dependent decreases in brain weight with the cerebellum being most affected. These decrements were not associated with light microscopic evidence of altered brain development (on postnatal day 61) but were accompanied by large dose- and region-dependent decreases in @entity4 and @entity3 . Decrements in both the per tissue (total) and per milligram of tissue protein (concentration) values for these proteins were observed in cerebellum and forebrain; hippocampus was largely unaffected. @entity2 -induced reductions in @entity4 and @entity3 were seen at dosages that did not affect brain, thymus or body weight. At dosages of @entity2 that did not affect body weight, reductions in brain weight, @entity4 and @entity3 did not persist into adulthood. The data indicate that exposure to @entity2 on postnatal day 5 is toxic to the developing nervous system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Acute exposure of the neonatal XXXX to @entity1 results in decreases in biochemical indicators of synaptogenesis and myelinogenesis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity1 ) is one of the commonly encountered environmental contaminants. Experiments were carried out to test for neonatal behavioral alterations associated with prenatal @entity1 exposure. Pregnant CD-1 @entity0 were exposed in environmental chambers to 0, 22, or 45 ppm of @entity1 in air from gestation day 7 to 18. The gas-air flow was set at 450 ml/min. Food and water were available at all times. The dams were allowed to deliver and neonatal behavioral development of the pups was studied. @entity2 exposure did not affect the number of live pups born/litter; however, it significantly decreased their birth weight. Prenatal @entity1 exposure at both levels significantly altered the righting reflex and aerial righting score of the pups on postnatal days 1 and 12, respectively. Prenatal @entity1 exposure did not affect negative geotaxis and activity scores of pups on postnatal day 10 and 28, respectively. The data suggest that maternal @entity1 exposure at low levels can affect neuromuscular coordination and thus produce deficits in the functional capability of the offspring.

title: XXXX exposure alters neonatal development.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We studied 24 @entity0 with histologically verified @entity4 , reviewing the familial occurrence and presenting signs, symptoms, and radiographic features of the disorder. Eleven @entity0 had no evidence of a heritable trait and had negative family histories. Thirteen @entity0 were members of six unrelated Mexican-American families. Sixty-four first-degree and second-degree relatives were examined, and family pedigrees were established. Most relatives (83 percent) were asymptomatic; 11 percent had @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 16 relatives (5 of whom were asymptomatic). Fourteen of the 16 studies revealed cavernous @entity3 ; 11 studies identified @entity1 . As compared with computerized tomography and angiography, magnetic resonance imaging was far more accurate in detecting cavernous @entity3 . We conclude that cavernous @entity3 are more prevalent than previously reported, and that a familial form of the disorder exists that is more common than expected, with a high incidence of @entity1 and an increased frequency of occurrence among Mexican-American families. Magnetic resonance imaging is the radiographic technique of choice for the identification and follow-up of these lesions.

title: XXXX . Incidence and familial occurrence.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity3 ) is a simple alkylating agent. It induces gene mutations in fetal primordial germ cells (PGCs), and a high incidence of @entity4 is also found in the offspring of male @entity0 treated with @entity3 at the embryonic stage. It is also reported that decreases in the fertility rate and weights of the testis and ovary were found in the offspring from dams treated with @entity3 . In this study, we analyzed the occurrence of apoptotic cell death and the expression of @entity5 protein which is thought to play an important role in the DNA damage-induced apoptosis after administration of @entity3 to pregnant @entity1 on day 13 of gestation to obtain a clue for clarifying the toxic effect of @entity3 on PGCs. Apoptotic cells increased in PGCs in fetal gonads from 3 h after treatment. The number of apoptotic PGCs peaked at 6 h and gradually decreased towards 24 h after treatment. On the other hand, @entity5 -positive PGCs increased from I h after treatment, prior to the induction of apoptosis. The number of @entity5 -positive PGCs peaked at 3 h and returned to the control level at 24 h after treatment. These results suggest that @entity3 induces apoptosis in @entity1 fetal PGCs immediately after its administration to dams and excess cell death by apoptosis may have a close relation to the later occurrence of decreases in the fertility rate and gonadal weight. Moreover, a possible involvement of @entity5 is suggested in the @entity3 -induced apoptosis in PGCs.

title: XXXX -induced apoptosis in primordial germ cells of the @entity1 fetus.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity3 ) is a simple alkylating agent. It induces gene mutations in fetal primordial germ cells (PGCs), and a high incidence of @entity4 is also found in the offspring of male @entity0 treated with @entity3 at the embryonic stage. It is also reported that decreases in the fertility rate and weights of the testis and ovary were found in the offspring from dams treated with @entity3 . In this study, we analyzed the occurrence of apoptotic cell death and the expression of @entity5 protein which is thought to play an important role in the DNA damage-induced apoptosis after administration of @entity3 to pregnant @entity1 on day 13 of gestation to obtain a clue for clarifying the toxic effect of @entity3 on PGCs. Apoptotic cells increased in PGCs in fetal gonads from 3 h after treatment. The number of apoptotic PGCs peaked at 6 h and gradually decreased towards 24 h after treatment. On the other hand, @entity5 -positive PGCs increased from I h after treatment, prior to the induction of apoptosis. The number of @entity5 -positive PGCs peaked at 3 h and returned to the control level at 24 h after treatment. These results suggest that @entity3 induces apoptosis in @entity1 fetal PGCs immediately after its administration to dams and excess cell death by apoptosis may have a close relation to the later occurrence of decreases in the fertility rate and gonadal weight. Moreover, a possible involvement of @entity5 is suggested in the @entity3 -induced apoptosis in PGCs.

title: @entity2 -induced apoptosis in primordial germ cells of the XXXX fetus.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Sixteen cases of histopathologically proved @entity2 were encountered. Fifteen @entity0 underwent barium enema study; in nine cases the findings--including rectal stricture, granularity of the mucosa, and thickened rectal folds-were nonspecific. In six cases the study was normal. All @entity0 had a long history of @entity1 , and defecography was performed in all. In seven cases, intussusception of the rectal wall was seen; in another case the intussusception was accompanied by a rectocele. One case showed @entity3 . In four cases, failed relaxation of the puborectalis occurred and prevented the passage of the bolus; in another case there was abnormal perineal descent. In two @entity0 studies were normal. In @entity0 with @entity1 , the possibility of this syndrome should be considered. Defecography is the method of choice for establishing the diagnosis.

title: XXXX : findings at barium enema study and defecography.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the cost effectiveness of the angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) @entity10 , @entity9 , @entity6 and @entity7 for the treatment of @entity3 , from the perspective of a US managed care setting. METHODS: The evaluation was based on a recently completed, prospective, randomised, double-blind clinical trial comparing the antihypertensive efficacy of these agents. Differences in diastolic blood pressure reductions among the comparative agents were used to estimate reductions in the annualised risk of cardiovascular (CV) and cerebrovascular events using the Framingham model. These annualised risks were translated into reductions in healthcare expenditures associated with treating CV events covered by managed care in the US. Data sources included: the recently published clinical trial of ARB antihypertensive efficacy, the Framingham Heart Study and a managed care database. Actual reimbursed amounts were used. RESULTS: Based on antihypertensive efficacy data versus @entity7 , the use of @entity8 medoxomil is expected to reduce the number of new cases of @entity2 , resulting in a first-year reduction in cost in a cohort of 100,000 @entity0 of 906,000 US dollars. Similarly, a reduction in new cases of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) resulted in a cost reduction of 701,000 US dollars; a cost reduction of 196,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ( @entity5 ); and a cost reduction of 28,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 5,410,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity2 ; 3,975,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity4 ; 1,430,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ; and 497,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Compared with @entity6 , the use of @entity8 medoxomil is estimated to reduce by 3,397,000 US dollars the expected cost of treating a cohort of 100 000 @entity0 in the first year for fewer cases of @entity2 ; by 2,426,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity4 ; by 565,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ; and by 124,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 16,231,000 US dollars for @entity2 ; 11,955,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 4,505,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 1,741,000 dollars for @entity1 . Compared with @entity9 , the estimated reduction in first-year cost is 2,969,000 US dollars for @entity2 for the cohort of 100,000 @entity0 ; 2,163,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 732,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 124,000 US dollars for @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 15,149,000 US dollars for @entity2 ; 11,107,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 4,057,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 1,437,000 dollars for @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Based on comparative antihypertensive efficacy data, treatment of @entity3 @entity0 with @entity8 medoxomil instead of the other leading ARBs has the potential to reduce overall cost of medical care in a US managed care setting.

title: Comparative cost effectiveness of angiotensin II receptor blockers in a US managed care setting: XXXX medoxomil compared with @entity9 , @entity6 , and @entity7 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the cost effectiveness of the angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) @entity10 , @entity9 , @entity6 and @entity7 for the treatment of @entity3 , from the perspective of a US managed care setting. METHODS: The evaluation was based on a recently completed, prospective, randomised, double-blind clinical trial comparing the antihypertensive efficacy of these agents. Differences in diastolic blood pressure reductions among the comparative agents were used to estimate reductions in the annualised risk of cardiovascular (CV) and cerebrovascular events using the Framingham model. These annualised risks were translated into reductions in healthcare expenditures associated with treating CV events covered by managed care in the US. Data sources included: the recently published clinical trial of ARB antihypertensive efficacy, the Framingham Heart Study and a managed care database. Actual reimbursed amounts were used. RESULTS: Based on antihypertensive efficacy data versus @entity7 , the use of @entity8 medoxomil is expected to reduce the number of new cases of @entity2 , resulting in a first-year reduction in cost in a cohort of 100,000 @entity0 of 906,000 US dollars. Similarly, a reduction in new cases of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) resulted in a cost reduction of 701,000 US dollars; a cost reduction of 196,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ( @entity5 ); and a cost reduction of 28,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 5,410,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity2 ; 3,975,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity4 ; 1,430,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ; and 497,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Compared with @entity6 , the use of @entity8 medoxomil is estimated to reduce by 3,397,000 US dollars the expected cost of treating a cohort of 100 000 @entity0 in the first year for fewer cases of @entity2 ; by 2,426,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity4 ; by 565,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ; and by 124,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 16,231,000 US dollars for @entity2 ; 11,955,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 4,505,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 1,741,000 dollars for @entity1 . Compared with @entity9 , the estimated reduction in first-year cost is 2,969,000 US dollars for @entity2 for the cohort of 100,000 @entity0 ; 2,163,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 732,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 124,000 US dollars for @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 15,149,000 US dollars for @entity2 ; 11,107,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 4,057,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 1,437,000 dollars for @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Based on comparative antihypertensive efficacy data, treatment of @entity3 @entity0 with @entity8 medoxomil instead of the other leading ARBs has the potential to reduce overall cost of medical care in a US managed care setting.

title: Comparative cost effectiveness of angiotensin II receptor blockers in a US managed care setting: @entity8 medoxomil compared with @entity9 , XXXX , and @entity7 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the cost effectiveness of the angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) @entity10 , @entity9 , @entity6 and @entity7 for the treatment of @entity3 , from the perspective of a US managed care setting. METHODS: The evaluation was based on a recently completed, prospective, randomised, double-blind clinical trial comparing the antihypertensive efficacy of these agents. Differences in diastolic blood pressure reductions among the comparative agents were used to estimate reductions in the annualised risk of cardiovascular (CV) and cerebrovascular events using the Framingham model. These annualised risks were translated into reductions in healthcare expenditures associated with treating CV events covered by managed care in the US. Data sources included: the recently published clinical trial of ARB antihypertensive efficacy, the Framingham Heart Study and a managed care database. Actual reimbursed amounts were used. RESULTS: Based on antihypertensive efficacy data versus @entity7 , the use of @entity8 medoxomil is expected to reduce the number of new cases of @entity2 , resulting in a first-year reduction in cost in a cohort of 100,000 @entity0 of 906,000 US dollars. Similarly, a reduction in new cases of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) resulted in a cost reduction of 701,000 US dollars; a cost reduction of 196,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ( @entity5 ); and a cost reduction of 28,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 5,410,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity2 ; 3,975,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity4 ; 1,430,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ; and 497,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Compared with @entity6 , the use of @entity8 medoxomil is estimated to reduce by 3,397,000 US dollars the expected cost of treating a cohort of 100 000 @entity0 in the first year for fewer cases of @entity2 ; by 2,426,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity4 ; by 565,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ; and by 124,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 16,231,000 US dollars for @entity2 ; 11,955,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 4,505,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 1,741,000 dollars for @entity1 . Compared with @entity9 , the estimated reduction in first-year cost is 2,969,000 US dollars for @entity2 for the cohort of 100,000 @entity0 ; 2,163,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 732,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 124,000 US dollars for @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 15,149,000 US dollars for @entity2 ; 11,107,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 4,057,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 1,437,000 dollars for @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Based on comparative antihypertensive efficacy data, treatment of @entity3 @entity0 with @entity8 medoxomil instead of the other leading ARBs has the potential to reduce overall cost of medical care in a US managed care setting.

title: Comparative cost effectiveness of angiotensin II receptor blockers in a US managed care setting: @entity8 medoxomil compared with XXXX , @entity6 , and @entity7 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the cost effectiveness of the angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) @entity10 , @entity9 , @entity6 and @entity7 for the treatment of @entity3 , from the perspective of a US managed care setting. METHODS: The evaluation was based on a recently completed, prospective, randomised, double-blind clinical trial comparing the antihypertensive efficacy of these agents. Differences in diastolic blood pressure reductions among the comparative agents were used to estimate reductions in the annualised risk of cardiovascular (CV) and cerebrovascular events using the Framingham model. These annualised risks were translated into reductions in healthcare expenditures associated with treating CV events covered by managed care in the US. Data sources included: the recently published clinical trial of ARB antihypertensive efficacy, the Framingham Heart Study and a managed care database. Actual reimbursed amounts were used. RESULTS: Based on antihypertensive efficacy data versus @entity7 , the use of @entity8 medoxomil is expected to reduce the number of new cases of @entity2 , resulting in a first-year reduction in cost in a cohort of 100,000 @entity0 of 906,000 US dollars. Similarly, a reduction in new cases of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) resulted in a cost reduction of 701,000 US dollars; a cost reduction of 196,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ( @entity5 ); and a cost reduction of 28,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 5,410,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity2 ; 3,975,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity4 ; 1,430,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ; and 497,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Compared with @entity6 , the use of @entity8 medoxomil is estimated to reduce by 3,397,000 US dollars the expected cost of treating a cohort of 100 000 @entity0 in the first year for fewer cases of @entity2 ; by 2,426,000 US dollars for fewer cases of @entity4 ; by 565,000 US dollars for fewer @entity5 ; and by 124,000 US dollars for fewer @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 16,231,000 US dollars for @entity2 ; 11,955,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 4,505,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 1,741,000 dollars for @entity1 . Compared with @entity9 , the estimated reduction in first-year cost is 2,969,000 US dollars for @entity2 for the cohort of 100,000 @entity0 ; 2,163,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 732,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 124,000 US dollars for @entity1 . Over 5 years, these estimates increase to 15,149,000 US dollars for @entity2 ; 11,107,000 US dollars for @entity4 ; 4,057,000 US dollars for @entity5 ; and 1,437,000 dollars for @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Based on comparative antihypertensive efficacy data, treatment of @entity3 @entity0 with @entity8 medoxomil instead of the other leading ARBs has the potential to reduce overall cost of medical care in a US managed care setting.

title: Comparative cost effectiveness of angiotensin II receptor blockers in a US managed care setting: @entity8 medoxomil compared with @entity9 , @entity6 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: More than 500,000 visits to the emergency room occur annually in the United States, for acute knee @entity1 . Many of these are twisting injuries in young @entity0 who can walk and bear weight, and emergent radiographs are not required. Several clinical decision rules have been devised that can considerably reduce the number of radiographs ordered without missing a clinically significant @entity2 . Although a @entity2 is seen on only 5% of emergency department knee radiographs, 86% of knee @entity2 result from @entity1 . In @entity0 with a fall or twisting injury who have focal tenderness, effusion, or inability to bear weight, radiographs should be the first imaging study obtained. If the radiograph shows no @entity2 , MRI is best for evaluating for a suspected meniscus or ligament tear, or the injuries from a reduced @entity4 . @entity0 with a @entity3 should undergo radiographs and an MRI, as well as an angiographic study such as a fluoroscopic, CT, or MR angiogram. The @entity5 Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed every three years by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and review include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer-reviewed journals and the application of a well-established consensus methodology (modified Delphi) to rate the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures, by the panel. In those instances in which evidence is lacking or not definitive, expert opinion may be used to recommend imaging or treatment.

title: @entity5 Appropriateness Criteria Acute XXXX to the Knee.

answer: @entity1


abstract: More than 500,000 visits to the emergency room occur annually in the United States, for acute knee @entity1 . Many of these are twisting injuries in young @entity0 who can walk and bear weight, and emergent radiographs are not required. Several clinical decision rules have been devised that can considerably reduce the number of radiographs ordered without missing a clinically significant @entity2 . Although a @entity2 is seen on only 5% of emergency department knee radiographs, 86% of knee @entity2 result from @entity1 . In @entity0 with a fall or twisting injury who have focal tenderness, effusion, or inability to bear weight, radiographs should be the first imaging study obtained. If the radiograph shows no @entity2 , MRI is best for evaluating for a suspected meniscus or ligament tear, or the injuries from a reduced @entity4 . @entity0 with a @entity3 should undergo radiographs and an MRI, as well as an angiographic study such as a fluoroscopic, CT, or MR angiogram. The @entity5 Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed every three years by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and review include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer-reviewed journals and the application of a well-established consensus methodology (modified Delphi) to rate the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures, by the panel. In those instances in which evidence is lacking or not definitive, expert opinion may be used to recommend imaging or treatment.

title: XXXX Appropriateness Criteria Acute @entity1 to the Knee.

answer: @entity5