abstract: Synaptic failure and @entity3 are two major neuropathological substrates of @entity1 in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Only a few studies have demonstrated a direct relationship between these two @entity2 . To investigate tau mediated synaptic injury we used @entity0 model of @entity4 that develops extensive neurofibrillary pathology in the cortex. Using fractionation of cortical synapses, we identified an increase in endogenous @entity0 tau isoforms in presynaptic compartment, and their mis-sorting to the postsynaptic density (PSD). Truncated transgenic tau was distributed in both compartments exhibiting specific phospho-pattern that was characteristic for each synaptic compartment. In the presynaptic compartment, truncated tau was associated with impairment of dynamic stability of microtubules which could be responsible for reduction of synaptic vesicles. In the PSD, truncated tau lowered the levels of neurofilaments. Truncated tau also significantly decreased the synaptic levels of Ab40 but not Ab42. These data show that truncated tau differentially deregulates synaptic proteome in pre- and postsynaptic compartments. Importantly, we show that alteration of Ab can arise downstream of truncated tau pathology.

title: Truncated tau deregulates synaptic markers in @entity0 model for human XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Synaptic failure and @entity3 are two major neuropathological substrates of @entity1 in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Only a few studies have demonstrated a direct relationship between these two @entity2 . To investigate tau mediated synaptic injury we used @entity0 model of @entity4 that develops extensive neurofibrillary pathology in the cortex. Using fractionation of cortical synapses, we identified an increase in endogenous @entity0 tau isoforms in presynaptic compartment, and their mis-sorting to the postsynaptic density (PSD). Truncated transgenic tau was distributed in both compartments exhibiting specific phospho-pattern that was characteristic for each synaptic compartment. In the presynaptic compartment, truncated tau was associated with impairment of dynamic stability of microtubules which could be responsible for reduction of synaptic vesicles. In the PSD, truncated tau lowered the levels of neurofilaments. Truncated tau also significantly decreased the synaptic levels of Ab40 but not Ab42. These data show that truncated tau differentially deregulates synaptic proteome in pre- and postsynaptic compartments. Importantly, we show that alteration of Ab can arise downstream of truncated tau pathology.

title: Truncated tau deregulates synaptic markers in XXXX model for human @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is well known as the causative agent of several forms of @entity2 , precise epidemiological and pathobiological aspects are still unknown. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the culture results of samples collected in our hospital from 2001 through 2013. In addition, for the detection and toxinogenic typing of @entity8 , polymerase-chain-reaction amplification (PCR)-based rapid analysis was performed in 6 cases using DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues. RESULTS: A total of 35 samples from 33 cases were positive for @entity8 , representing an incidence of 0.017% (35/205, 114). Among 33 @entity0 , 21 @entity0 manifested @entity5 and 7 @entity0 had @entity7 . One of the septic cases was complicated by fatal @entity6 and thus, the prevalence was estimated at 3.0% among @entity8 infections (1/33). The direct causative disease or state for @entity8 @entity4 was identified in 18 @entity0 : surgery or intervention for @entity1 , 8 @entity0 ; chemotherapy for @entity1 , 2 @entity0 ; surgery or intervention for @entity1 , 6 @entity0 ; liver @entity3 , 3 @entity0 , etc. PCR-based toxinogenic typing of @entity8 detected the alpha-toxin gene only in tissue from a @entity0 who died of massive @entity6 ; none of the toxin genes could be amplified in the other 5 cases examined. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of overt @entity8 @entity4 is low, but upon detection, infected @entity0 should be carefully monitored for fatal acute @entity6 caused by type A @entity8 . Furthermore, PCR-based rapid detection of @entity8 and toxinogenic typing by archival pathological material is applicable as a diagnostic tool.

title: Epidemiological and pathobiological profiles of XXXX infections: review of consecutive series of 33 cases over a 13-year period.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Clinical investigation of 93 @entity0 with histologically confirmed @entity3 were performed. These @entity0 consisted of 55 males and 38 females with a mean age of 64.8 years. There were 61 cases of @entity3 , 55 cases of @entity5 and 23 with @entity1 of both sites. Thirty-four cases were associated with @entity2 and 41 of 82 @entity0 had @entity1 . The overall 5-year survival rate was 46.0%. 5-year survival of stages pTa, @entity7 , pT2, @entity6 , and pT4, was 93.3%, 71.8%, 37.5%, 30.4% and 10.5%, respectively. In this report, we evaluated various prognostic factors according to the survival rate. Sex, age, @entity1 localization, multiplicity, associated @entity2 and concomitance of CIS had no influence on survival. In the ABC analysis, the B group showed a tendency for a poor prognosis. However it may be explained from the fact that the B group contained more @entity0 at advanced stages than the other groups. @entity1 grade, @entity1 stage, pV factor and pL factor had a significant effect on survivals. But @entity1 grade, pV and pL factors were closely related to the @entity1 stage. Thus the stage was thought to be the most important factor in the prognosis of @entity8 . Different surgical procedures and irradiation also did not affect the prognosis of the @entity0 with the same degree of invasion. Chemotherapy for all stages had no effect on survivals compared with non-chemotherapeutic group. However only for @entity6 and higher stage cases, @entity4 -based chemotherapy improved the prognosis compared with @entity0 not given chemotherapy. In conclusion, chemotherapy containing @entity4 should be considered for treatment of high stage @entity8 .

title: [Clinical investigation of XXXX with special reference to adjuvant chemotherapy].

answer: @entity3


abstract: We investigated the incidence of associated @entity2 and prognosis in 101 cases with a pathological @entity4 , selected from those with @entity3 whom we had encountered over the 18 years between April 1976 and March 1993. Among these 101 cases, the incidence of associated @entity2 was noted in 42 (41.6%), 23 (22.8%) with @entity5 and 19 (18.8%) with subsequence. As for the primary site of @entity1 , the @entity5 was 15.4% and subsequence 20.5% in renal pelvis, and the @entity5 was 24.6% and subsequence 19.3% in ureter, and the @entity5 was 60.0% and subsequence 0.0% in both @entity1 . The incidence of coexistent @entity2 was high in both @entity1 , but no significant difference was noted. As for the stage, the incidence of @entity5 was high in T1, while subsequence was high in T2, but no significant difference was noted. As for the grade, the incidence of @entity5 was high in G2, but no significant difference was noted. The 5 year survival rate was 58.2% in those without, 54.2% with @entity5 , and 82.5% with subsequent @entity2 , with a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the last two groups. The interval of subsequent @entity2 ranged from 4 to 164 months (mean 27.7 months), with the incidence within 2 years being approximately 70.0%. It was found that the @entity3 are frequently associated @entity2 while associated @entity2 dose not appear to have an ill effect on the prognosis. Therefore it is necessary that @entity0 with @entity3 be observed closely for 5 years, especially for the initial 2 years.

title: [A clinical study of associated XXXX in @entity0 with @entity3 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: We investigated the incidence of associated @entity2 and prognosis in 101 cases with a pathological @entity4 , selected from those with @entity3 whom we had encountered over the 18 years between April 1976 and March 1993. Among these 101 cases, the incidence of associated @entity2 was noted in 42 (41.6%), 23 (22.8%) with @entity5 and 19 (18.8%) with subsequence. As for the primary site of @entity1 , the @entity5 was 15.4% and subsequence 20.5% in renal pelvis, and the @entity5 was 24.6% and subsequence 19.3% in ureter, and the @entity5 was 60.0% and subsequence 0.0% in both @entity1 . The incidence of coexistent @entity2 was high in both @entity1 , but no significant difference was noted. As for the stage, the incidence of @entity5 was high in T1, while subsequence was high in T2, but no significant difference was noted. As for the grade, the incidence of @entity5 was high in G2, but no significant difference was noted. The 5 year survival rate was 58.2% in those without, 54.2% with @entity5 , and 82.5% with subsequent @entity2 , with a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the last two groups. The interval of subsequent @entity2 ranged from 4 to 164 months (mean 27.7 months), with the incidence within 2 years being approximately 70.0%. It was found that the @entity3 are frequently associated @entity2 while associated @entity2 dose not appear to have an ill effect on the prognosis. Therefore it is necessary that @entity0 with @entity3 be observed closely for 5 years, especially for the initial 2 years.

title: [A clinical study of associated @entity2 in @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: We investigated the incidence of associated @entity2 and prognosis in 101 cases with a pathological @entity4 , selected from those with @entity3 whom we had encountered over the 18 years between April 1976 and March 1993. Among these 101 cases, the incidence of associated @entity2 was noted in 42 (41.6%), 23 (22.8%) with @entity5 and 19 (18.8%) with subsequence. As for the primary site of @entity1 , the @entity5 was 15.4% and subsequence 20.5% in renal pelvis, and the @entity5 was 24.6% and subsequence 19.3% in ureter, and the @entity5 was 60.0% and subsequence 0.0% in both @entity1 . The incidence of coexistent @entity2 was high in both @entity1 , but no significant difference was noted. As for the stage, the incidence of @entity5 was high in T1, while subsequence was high in T2, but no significant difference was noted. As for the grade, the incidence of @entity5 was high in G2, but no significant difference was noted. The 5 year survival rate was 58.2% in those without, 54.2% with @entity5 , and 82.5% with subsequent @entity2 , with a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the last two groups. The interval of subsequent @entity2 ranged from 4 to 164 months (mean 27.7 months), with the incidence within 2 years being approximately 70.0%. It was found that the @entity3 are frequently associated @entity2 while associated @entity2 dose not appear to have an ill effect on the prognosis. Therefore it is necessary that @entity0 with @entity3 be observed closely for 5 years, especially for the initial 2 years.

title: [A clinical study of associated @entity2 in XXXX with @entity3 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: A @entity0 in his 40s was found unconscious on a sofa in a communal residence for @entity0 with various disabilities. He appeared to have drunk 800ml of undiluted @entity6 from a commercial plastic bottle. The instructions on the label of the beverage specified that the beverage be diluted 20- to 30-fold before consumption. The @entity0 was admitted to an emergency hospital with severe @entity4 ( @entity11 , 6.70; @entity9 , 3.6mEq/L) and a low ionized @entity3 level (0.73mmol/L). Although ionized @entity3 and @entity8 were continuously administered intravenously to correct the @entity4 , the state of @entity7 and low blood pressure did not improve, and he died 20h later. @entity6 concentrations in the patient's serum drawn shortly after treatment in the hospital and from the heart at autopsy were 80.6mg/ml and 39.8mg/dl, respectively (normal range: 1.3-2.6mg/dl). Autopsy revealed black discoloration of the mucosal surface of the esophagus. Microscopically, degenerated epithelium and neutrophilic infiltration in the muscle layer were observed. In daily life, drinking a large amount of concentrated @entity6 beverage is rare as a cause of lethal @entity10 . However, @entity0 with @entity1 such as @entity2 may mistakenly drink detergent or concentrated fluids, as in our case. Family members or facility staff in the home or nursing facility must bear in mind that they should not leave such bottles in places where they are easily accessible to @entity5 @entity0 .

title: An autopsy case of death due to @entity4 after XXXX ingestion.

answer: @entity6


abstract: A @entity0 in his 40s was found unconscious on a sofa in a communal residence for @entity0 with various disabilities. He appeared to have drunk 800ml of undiluted @entity6 from a commercial plastic bottle. The instructions on the label of the beverage specified that the beverage be diluted 20- to 30-fold before consumption. The @entity0 was admitted to an emergency hospital with severe @entity4 ( @entity11 , 6.70; @entity9 , 3.6mEq/L) and a low ionized @entity3 level (0.73mmol/L). Although ionized @entity3 and @entity8 were continuously administered intravenously to correct the @entity4 , the state of @entity7 and low blood pressure did not improve, and he died 20h later. @entity6 concentrations in the patient's serum drawn shortly after treatment in the hospital and from the heart at autopsy were 80.6mg/ml and 39.8mg/dl, respectively (normal range: 1.3-2.6mg/dl). Autopsy revealed black discoloration of the mucosal surface of the esophagus. Microscopically, degenerated epithelium and neutrophilic infiltration in the muscle layer were observed. In daily life, drinking a large amount of concentrated @entity6 beverage is rare as a cause of lethal @entity10 . However, @entity0 with @entity1 such as @entity2 may mistakenly drink detergent or concentrated fluids, as in our case. Family members or facility staff in the home or nursing facility must bear in mind that they should not leave such bottles in places where they are easily accessible to @entity5 @entity0 .

title: An autopsy case of death due to XXXX after @entity6 ingestion.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psychosocial problems are widespread but reliable data about management are sparse. An overall view is missing and there is a need for a wider framework to include the data available in health care and welfare practice, databases and research output. The question under scope is: how are @entity1 presented and handled in primary care in Flanders? METHODS: A mixed method was used. Using a 'fishbone diagram' (1) we obtained a basic structure to visualize the main (problem) areas and challenges. A literature study (2) and semi-structured interviews with health care and welfare professionals in primary care (3) were performed. Finally, two interdisciplinary focus groups were organized (4). RESULTS: In Flanders, there is no tradition of multidisciplinary psychosocial research in primary care causing a lack of integrated data. Data only exist within disciplines without transdisciplinarity. The data are difficult to interpret due to different labeling and registration processes between disciplines and settings. However, we can find some general trends: assistance to @entity0 with @entity1 is based on what can be offered, rather than on @entity0 needs; drug treatment remains popular; referral of @entity0 within primary care or to secondary care does not seem to be obvious. Among all disciplines, there is a great need for more collaboration and considerable advantages are to be expected from the growing emergence of multidisciplinary practices; multiculturalism appears to take an increasingly important place within primary care in Flanders and has implications for the care offered; and treatment effectiveness in @entity1 seems to be more related to the @entity0 of the caregiver than to a specific discipline, theory or type of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, we strongly advise stimulation and organization of integrated (multidisciplinary) research regarding @entity1 in primary care and a more consistent registration by the agencies in primary care.

title: Presenting prevalence and management of XXXX in primary care in Flanders.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Aim   Kaposiform hemangiondothelioma (KHE) is a rare @entity1 , commonly associated with Kasaback-Merritt phenomenon characterized by @entity2 and @entity3 . We report a case of pancreatic KHE presenting with @entity5 and Kasaback-Merritt phenomenon. Case Report   A full term male baby presented with bile stained vomiting on Day 3 of life. Contrast study and computed tomography scan showed @entity5 by a 5 cm extrinsic hypervascular mass. Platelet count was 23 x 109/L. Laparotomy confirmed a @entity1 arising from the pancreatic head compressing on the duodenum. Whipple operation was performed. Results   @entity4 and @entity2 resolved after surgery. There was no post-operative complications. Histology confirmed KHE. The @entity0 was tolerating hydrolyzed milk formula and was thriving at 5 months follow up. Conclusion   We reported a case of pancreatic KHE presented with @entity4 and Kasaback-Merritt phenomenon. High index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the youngest @entity0 who underwent Whipple operation.

title: Pancreatic kaposiform hemangioendothelioma presenting with XXXX and kasabach-merritt phenomenon: a neonate cured by whipple operation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine features of @entity2 most predictive of @entity1 , and to design a key to assist general practitioners in the triaging of such lesions. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology at Queen   s University in Kingston, Ont. @entity0 : A total of 199 consecutive periocular lesions requiring biopsy or excision were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: First, potential features suggestive of @entity1 for @entity2 were identified based on a survey sent to Canadian oculoplastic surgeons. The sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratios (ORs) of these features were then determined using 199 consecutive photographed @entity2 of @entity0 who presented to the Department of Ophthalmology and underwent biopsy or excision. A triage key was then created based on the features with the highest ORs, and it was pilot-tested by a group of medical students. RESULTS: Of the 199 lesions included, 161 (80.9%) were benign and 38 (19.1%) were malignant. The 3 features with the highest ORs in predicting @entity1 were infiltration (OR = 18.2, P < .01), @entity4 (OR = 14.7, P < .01), and @entity3 (OR = 6.0, P < .01). The acronym LUI ( @entity3 , @entity4 , infiltration) was created to assist in memory recall. After watching a video describing the LUI triage key, the mean total score of a group of medical students for correctly identifying malignant lesions increased from 46% to 70% (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Differentiating benign from malignant @entity2 can be difficult even for experienced physicians. The LUI triage key provides physicians with an evidence-based, easy-to-remember system for assisting in the triaging of these lesions.

title: Identifying predictive morphologic features of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the additional value of whole-lesion histogram apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) metrics, when combined with standard pathologic features, in prediction of biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy for @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 193 @entity0 (mean age, 61    7 years) who underwent 3-T MRI with DWI (b values, 50 and 1000 s/mm(2)) before prostatectomy. Histogram metrics were derived from 3D volumes of interest encompassing the entire lesion on ADC maps. Pathologic features from radical prostatectomy and subsequent BCR were recorded for each @entity0 . The Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare ADC-based metrics and pathologic features between @entity0 with and @entity0 without BCR. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to construct multivariable models for prediction of BCR, which were assessed by ROC analysis. RESULTS: BCR occurred in 16.6% (32/193) of @entity0 . Variables significantly associated with BCR included primary Gleason grade, Gleason score, extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion, positive surgical margin, preoperative @entity3 level, MRI @entity1 volume, mean whole-lesion ADC, entropy ADC, and mean ADC of the bottom 10th, 10-25th, and 25-50th percentiles (p  <= 0.019). Significant independent predictors of BCR at multivariable analysis were primary Gleason grade, extraprostatic extension, mean of the bottom 10th percentile ADC, and entropy ADC (p = 0.002-0.037). The AUC of this multivariable model was 0.94 for prediction of BCR; the AUC of pathologic features alone was 0.89 (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: A model integrating whole-lesion ADC metrics had significantly higher performance for prediction of BCR than did standard pathologic features alone and may help guide postoperative prognostic assessments and decisions regarding adjuvant therapy.

title: XXXX : Utility of Whole-Lesion Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Metrics for Prediction of Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Emerging evidence @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with increased @entity1 incidence and mortality. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells play an important role in @entity1 immunity. We hypothesized that @entity0 with @entity3 have low number of circulating invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, which may also be functionally impaired. This study aims to evaluate the frequency of circulating iNKT cells in @entity3 . DESIGN: We evaluated the frequency of circulating iNKT cells by flow cytometry in 33 snorers being assessed for possible @entity3 . Using iNKT cell lines, we also evaluated the effect of exposure to @entity5 over 24 hours on apoptosis, @entity4 , and cytokine production. SETTING: Teaching hospital based sleep unit and research laboratory. @entity0 : Thirty-three snorers were evaluated: 9 with no @entity3 ( @entity3 frequency [AHI] < 5/h), 12 with mild-moderate @entity3 (AHI 5-30) and 12 with severe @entity3 (AHI > 30). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: @entity0 with severe @entity3 had considerably fewer iNKT cells (0.18%) compared to @entity0 with mild-moderate (0.24%) or no @entity3 (0.35%), P = 0.0026. The frequency of iNKT cells correlated negatively with @entity3 index (r = -0.58, P = 0.001), @entity2 desaturation index (r = -0.58, P = 0.0003), and SpO2% < 90% (r = -0.5407, P = 0.005). The frequency of iNKT cells increased following 12 months of nCPAP therapy (P = 0.015). @entity5 resulted in increased apoptosis (P = 0.016) and @entity4 (P = 0.035). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have significantly reduced levels of circulating invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and @entity5 leads to impaired iNKT cell function. These observations may partly explain the increased @entity1 risk reported in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Deficiency and Functional Impairment in Sleep Apnea: Links to XXXX Comorbidity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: Current guidelines recommend annual discontinuation of postmenopausal @entity1 ( @entity1 ) to evaluate whether a @entity0 could manage without the treatment. The impact of @entity1 on @entity3 has been widely studied, but it is not known how the withdrawal of @entity1 affects cardiovascular risk. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the risk of cardiac or @entity2 death after the discontinuation of @entity1 . Design, @entity0 , Interventions, and Main Outcome Measures: Altogether 332 202 Finnish @entity0 discontinuing @entity1 between 1994 and 2009 (data from National Reimbursement register) were followed up from the discontinuation date to death due to cardiac cause (n = 3177) or @entity2 (n = 1952), or to the end of 2009. The deaths, retrieved from the national Cause of Death Register, were compared with the expected number of deaths in the age-standardized background population. In a subanalysis we also compared @entity1 stoppers with @entity1 users. RESULTS: Within the first posttreatment year, the risk of @entity4 was significantly elevated (standardized mortality ratio; 95% confidence interval 1.26; 1.16-1.37), whereas follow-up for longer than 1 year was accompanied with a reduction (0.75; 0.72-0.78). The risk of @entity2 death in the first posttreatment year was increased (1.63; 1.47-1.79), but follow-up for longer than 1 year was accompanied with a reduced risk (0.89; 0.85-0.94). The cardiac (2.30; 2.12-2.50) and @entity2 (2.52; 2.28-2.77) death risk elevations were even higher when compared with @entity1 users. In @entity0 who discontinued @entity1 at age younger than 60 years, but not in @entity0 aged 60 years or older, the cardiac mortality risk was elevated (1.94; 1.51-2.48). CONCLUSIONS: Increased @entity3 risks question the safety of annual @entity1 discontinuation practice to evaluate whether a @entity0 could manage without @entity1 .

title: Increased Cardiovascular Mortality Risk in XXXX Discontinuing Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 constitutes a substrate for @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and an accurate delineation of @entity3 may help to identify reentrant circuits and thus facilitate catheter ablation. One of the recent advancements in characterization of a @entity2 substrate is its volumetric delineation within the ventricular wall by noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging. This paper compares, in four specific cases, epicardial and volumetric inverse solutions, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with late @entity4 enhancement as a gold standard. METHODS: For @entity0 with chronic @entity1 , who presented at Glasgow Western Infirmary, delayed-enhancement MRI and 120-lead body surface potential mapping (BSPM) data were acquired and 4 selected cases were later made available to a wider community as part of the 2007 PhysioNet/Computers in Cardiology Challenge. These data were used to perform @entity0 -specific inverse solutions for epicardial electrograms and morphology-based criteria were applied to delineate @entity3 on the epicardial surface. Later, the Rochester group analyzed the same data by means of a novel inverse solution for reconstructing intramural transmembrane potentials, to delineate @entity3 in three dimensions. Comparison of the performance of three specific inverse-solution algorithms is presented here, using scores based on the 17-segment ventricular division scheme recommended by the American Heart Association. RESULTS: The noninvasive methods delineating @entity3 as three-dimensional (3D) intramural distribution of transmembrane action potentials outperform estimates providing scar delineation on the epicardial surface in all scores used for comparison. In particular, the extent of @entity3 (its percentage mass relative to the total ventricular mass) is rendered more accurately by the 3D estimate. Moreover, the volumetric rendition of scar border provides better clues to potential targets for catheter ablation. CONCLUSIONS: Electrocardiographic inverse solution providing transmural distribution of ventricular action potentials is a promising tool for noninvasively delineating the extent and location of chronic @entity1 . Further validation on a larger data set with detailed gold-standard data is needed to confirm observations reported in this study.

title: Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging of chronic XXXX scar.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Conventional high-grade @entity4 is the most common primary @entity3 , with relatively high incidence in young @entity0 . In this study we found that expression of @entity10 correlates inversely with @entity1 -free survival in @entity4 @entity0 and is increased in @entity1 compared to primary @entity2 . @entity10 is an adaptor protein that has been implicated in anti-apoptotic signalling and serves as an oncoprotein in @entity6 . In @entity4 cells, silencing @entity10 triggered G2 cell-cycle arrest; @entity9 protein levels were attenuated and @entity8 - @entity9 DNA damage response signalling in response to chemotherapy was abolished in @entity10 -depleted @entity4 cells, while ATM, @entity7 and @entity5 activation remained intact. @entity4 is notoriously difficult to treat with standard chemotherapy, and we examined whether pharmacological inhibition of the @entity10 -controlled @entity8 - @entity9 response could sensitize @entity4 cells to genotoxic compounds. Indeed, pharmacological inhibitors targeting @entity9 / @entity7 or those selective for @entity9 synergized with standard chemotherapy in 2D cultures. Likewise, in 3D extracellular matrix-embedded cultures, @entity9 inhibition led to effective sensitization to chemotherapy. Together, these findings implicate @entity10 in @entity8 - @entity9 signalling and point towards @entity9 inhibition as a strategy to sensitize @entity0 @entity4 to chemotherapy. Copyright    2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: @entity10 -mediated checkpoint kinase control regulates proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Conventional high-grade @entity4 is the most common primary @entity3 , with relatively high incidence in young @entity0 . In this study we found that expression of @entity10 correlates inversely with @entity1 -free survival in @entity4 @entity0 and is increased in @entity1 compared to primary @entity2 . @entity10 is an adaptor protein that has been implicated in anti-apoptotic signalling and serves as an oncoprotein in @entity6 . In @entity4 cells, silencing @entity10 triggered G2 cell-cycle arrest; @entity9 protein levels were attenuated and @entity8 - @entity9 DNA damage response signalling in response to chemotherapy was abolished in @entity10 -depleted @entity4 cells, while ATM, @entity7 and @entity5 activation remained intact. @entity4 is notoriously difficult to treat with standard chemotherapy, and we examined whether pharmacological inhibition of the @entity10 -controlled @entity8 - @entity9 response could sensitize @entity4 cells to genotoxic compounds. Indeed, pharmacological inhibitors targeting @entity9 / @entity7 or those selective for @entity9 synergized with standard chemotherapy in 2D cultures. Likewise, in 3D extracellular matrix-embedded cultures, @entity9 inhibition led to effective sensitization to chemotherapy. Together, these findings implicate @entity10 in @entity8 - @entity9 signalling and point towards @entity9 inhibition as a strategy to sensitize @entity0 @entity4 to chemotherapy. Copyright    2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: XXXX -mediated checkpoint kinase control regulates proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy in @entity4 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is an increasing body of evidence that drainage of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) improves functional neurological outcome after reperfusion injury to the spinal cord that occasionally follows aortic reconstructive surgery. This beneficial effect is considered owing to lowering of the CSF pressure thereby normalising spinal cord blood flow and reducing the 'secondary' @entity7 caused by vascular congestion and @entity1 in the relatively confined spinal canal. Whilst lacking definitive proof, there are convincing randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cohort data and systematic reviews supporting this intervention. The therapeutic window for lumbar CSF drainage requires further elucidation; however, it appears to be days rather than hours post insult. We contend that the same benefit is likely to be achieved following other primary @entity7 that cause @entity1 and elicit the 'secondary' injury. Traditionally the concept of CSF drainage has been considered more applicable to the brain as contained in a 'closed box' by lowering intracranial pressure (ICP) to improve cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). The control of CPP is intended to limit 'secondary' @entity6 and is a key concept of @entity6 management. Using microdialysis in the spinal cords of @entity4 @entity0 , it has been shown that intraspinal pressure (ISP) needs to be kept below 20 mmHg and spinal cord perfusion pressure (SCPP) above 70 mmHg to avoid biochemical evidence of secondary @entity5 . Vasopressor have also been used in @entity7 to improve perfusion, however complications are common, typically cardiac in nature, and require very careful monitoring; the evidence supporting this approach is notably less convincing. @entity8 ( @entity8 ) of the spinal cord is treated with recompression, hyperbaric @entity2 , various medications designed to reduce the inflammatory response and fluid administration to normalise blood pressure and haematocrit. These management protocols are based largely on anecdote and transferred evidence from conventional cord @entity4 , as the low numbers and sporadic nature of @entity8 in divers makes RCTs nigh on impossible. Unfortunately even with best management, some @entity0 are left with significant @entity3 . The 'iceberg phenomenon', occurs when @entity0 with @entity8 of the cord make a good neurological recovery but actually have profound @entity5 as revealed in one case some four years later at post mortem and another example in a diver who developed late functional deterioration due to loss of neuronal reserve. This clinical evidence, together with animal study data, support the notion that even a modest preservation of spinal cord axons is associated with significant improvement in neurological outcome. In the light of the positive level two evidence in the vascular literature that CSF drainage limits 'secondary' injury thereby improving neurological outcome, we propose that centres with appropriate clinical experience consider using lumbar CSF drainage to normalise SCPP, as an adjunct to the conventional treatment of severe spinal cord @entity8 . Divers with severe spinal cord @entity8 are generally in the most productive years of their lives and, given the potentially devastating impact of this condition, should be given the benefit of any possible adjuvant treatment that may serve to improve long-term outcome.

title: Management of severe XXXX following hyperbaric exposure.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: No known biologic mechanisms link tissue injury with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Neutrophils (PMNs) are innate immune cells that clear bacteria from the lung by migration toward chemoattractants and killing bacteria in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We predicted that tissue injury would suppress PMN antimicrobial function in the lung. We have also shown that mitochondria-derived damage-associated molecular pattern molecules from the bone can alter PMN phenotype and so hypothesized that @entity7 peptides (FPs) from @entity5 predispose to @entity3 by suppressing PMN activity in the lung. METHODS: Animal studies involved the following. (1) @entity2 were divided into three groups (10 per condition) as follows: (a) saline injection in the thigh (b) @entity8 (SA, 3 * 10) injected intratracheally, or (c) pseudofracture (PsFx; bone supernatant injected in the thigh) plus intratracheally injected SA. (2) @entity2 were divided into four groups as follows: (a) control, (b) @entity6 ( @entity6 ), (c) PsFx, and (d) @entity6 + PsFx. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed 16 hours later. Clinical studies involved the following. (3) @entity0 bone supernatant was assayed for its @entity12 ( @entity12 ) stimulation. (4) @entity4 @entity0 ' PMN (n = 32; mean    SE Injury Severity Score [ISS], 27    10) were assayed for @entity13 ( @entity13 ) or treated with @entity9 ( @entity10 , @entity11 ) and analyzed for NET formation. RESULTS: In the animal studies, (1) SA was rapidly cleared by the uninjured @entity1 and PsFx markedly suppressed lung bacterial clearance (p < 0.01). (2a) @entity6 induces PMN traffic to the lung, but PsFx decreases @entity6 -induced PMN traffic (p < 0.01). (2b) SA increased bronchoalveolar lavage PMN, and PsFx decreased that influx (p < 0.01). In the clinical studies, (3) bone supernatant activates PMN both via @entity12 and @entity14 . (4) @entity4 decreases PMN @entity13 to multiple chemokines. Circulating PMNs show NETs spontaneously after @entity4 , but maximal NET formation is markedly attenuated. CONCLUSION: @entity5 may decrease lung bacterial clearance because FP suppresses PMN @entity13 to other chemoattractants via @entity15 . @entity4 activates NETosis but suppresses maximal NETosis. @entity5 decrease lung bacterial clearance by multiple mechanisms. @entity3 after @entity5 may reflect damage-associated molecular pattern-mediated suppression of PMN antimicrobial function in the lung.

title: Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns from XXXX suppress pulmonary immune responses via formyl peptide receptors 1 and 2.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Specific @entity4 ( @entity4 ) classification using surface ECG is considered a challenging task, since the atrial electrical activity (AEA) waves, which are a crucial element for obtaining diagnosis, are frequently hidden. In this paper we present a fully automated @entity4 classification method that embeds our recently developed hidden AEA detector in a clinically based tree scheme. The process begins with initial noise removal and QRS detection. Then, ventricular features are extracted. According to these features, an initial AEA-wave search window is defined and a single AEA-wave is detected. Using a synthetic Gaussian signal and a linear combination of 12-lead ECG signals, all AEA-waves are detected. In accord with the atrial and ventricular information found, classification to @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), or sinus rhythm is performed in the framework of a clinically oriented decision tree. A study was performed to evaluate the classification from 68 @entity0 (26 were used for the classifier's design, 42 were used for its validation). Average sensitivity of 83.21% [95% confidence interval (CI): 79.33-86.49%], average specificity of 95.80% (95% CI: 94.73-96.67%), and average accuracy of 93.29% (95% CI: 92.13-94.28%) were achieved compared to the definite diagnosis. In conclusion, the presented method may serve as a valuable decision support tool, allowing accurate detection of SVTs using noninvasive means.

title: XXXX Classification in the 12-Lead ECG using Atrial Waves Detection and a Clinically Based Tree Scheme.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the efficacy of surgical treatment of intra-articular knee @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: Between 1998 and 2010, 8 @entity0 (mean age: 12.3 y) underwent surgical resection of their @entity7 (7 venous and 1 capillary venous) involving the knee joint. The lesion was diffuse in 6 cases and well-demarcated in 2 cases. All @entity0 were suffering from knee @entity3 and had recurrent @entity8 . Color-Doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan, and blood test were performed preoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative physical examination, clinical symptoms, and orthopaedic evaluation were retrospectively reviewed. Surgery consisted in arthrotomy with total excision of the @entity7 for the 2 well-demarcated lesions and synovectomy with squeezing of the surrounding @entity7 for 5 @entity1 . One @entity0 with an extensive @entity6 associated with severe @entity5 and mild @entity4 had undergone synovectomy by knee arthroscopy. RESULTS: Immediate postoperative follow-up was uneventful in 6 @entity0 , whereas 2 @entity0 with @entity7 and @entity5 suffered from postoperative @entity8 , delaying their rehabilitation. After a mean follow-up of 5.1 years, persistence of the @entity6 within the joint was observed in the 6 initially @entity1 . The 2 well-demarcated lesions showed no evidence of disease at latest follow-up. Four @entity0 with preoperative @entity2 were not substantially improved regarding their range of knee motion at latest follow-up, whereas the 4 others were free of symptoms. Only 1 @entity0 presented a recurrent @entity8 after a 5-year-symptom-free period and had to be reoperated. @entity0 without preoperative chondropathy recovered normal knee function mobility. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective study highlights the importance of early surgery in @entity0 with intra-articular @entity6 , even if asymptomatic, to prevent @entity2 . For well-demarcated lesions, total resection by arthrotomy can provide definitive healing without resuming of symptoms. Although @entity1 treated by synovectomy still persist in the joint, treatment avoids recurrence of @entity8 and, therefore, protects the cartilage from further erosion. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV cases series.

title: Surgical Treatment of Intra-articular Knee XXXX : When and How?

answer: @entity6


abstract: A total of 38 cases of @entity0 @entity3 were diagnosed by histopathological examination within a period of 10 years in JIPMER Hospital which serves the population of Pondicherry and adjoining regions of South India. Analysis of our cases showed that there was no sex predilection and 34 of the 38 cases were within the first three decades of life. A curious yet striking feature was that in 37 of the 38 cases the lesions were localized above the level of the umbilicus. Lesions of the subcutaneous tissue formed the largest group with 18 cases. Seventeen of the 38 cases were confined to the eyes, forming the largest series to be reported from India. In six cases there was evidence of brain involvement with postmortem confirmation in three. The JIPMER Hospital records showed a high incidence of @entity1 in this region with a ratio of one out of every four @entity0 attending the neurology clinic. As @entity4 is a known cause of @entity2 , it is suggested that many cases of @entity1 may in fact be due to @entity4 . The majority of our @entity0 were drawn from the rural population. We analysed the social customs and related factors which are peculiar to this region and were indirectly responsible for the high incidence of @entity3 .

title: XXXX in South India.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: We examined the complications in the diagnosis and treatment of @entity4 in daily clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 82 @entity0 who were suspected of having @entity4 at our hospital from March 2002 to April 2013. All hydrodistention procedures were performed with the aid of an anesthesiologist, as recommended by the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare since April 2010. RESULTS: Of the 82, 20 @entity0 were male and 62 were female, (mean age at diagnosis 53 years.) Six of the suspected cases did not have @entity4 . Of the 67 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 during hydrodistention, 29 (43%) did not experience @entity1 . The time taken to diagnose these asymptomatic @entity0 was longer than that taken for those who experienced @entity1 . Twenty-eight @entity0 (42%) discontinued treatment because it was ineffective. CONCLUSION: @entity4 has been widely recognized, but general physicians are unable to provide a diagnosis and suggest aggressive treatment because of difficulty associated in the treatment and diagnosis. To resolve these issues, physicians should be keep in mind that @entity4 involves a @entity3 , and that some @entity0 may not experience @entity1 . Further, knowledge about @entity2 is essential. We believe that the most important points are improving health insurance about facility criteria of hydrodistention, and evaluating behavioral modification and dietary manipulation.

title: [ XXXX in urology clinic: current status and problems].

answer: @entity4


abstract: In order to determine the value of CT in detecting @entity1 , 57 autopsied cases (48 cases of @entity5 and 9 of @entity3 ) were analyzed in detail. Additionally, 90 recent cases of abdominal CT with liver study in the initial staging were reviewed and 6 cases in which the liver had been examined within 2 weeks before autopsy were compared for macroscopic and pathologic findings. The following results were obtained. Autopsy findings in 57 cases of @entity2 . (1) Hepatic involvement was demonstrated in 56% of the @entity0 with @entity5 and in 67% of those with @entity3 . Of these @entity0 with hepatic involvement, intrahepatic nodular lesions over 1.0 cm in diameter were macroscopically identified in 22% of the cases of @entity5 and 33% of those with @entity3 . @entity4 were seen in many organs in the cases of hepatic involvement. CT examinations of 90 cases for the initial staging showed no significant @entity1 or spleen. Of the 6 cases in which the liver was examined by CT within about 2 weeks before autopsy, @entity4 was pathologically diagnosed in 5. Of these, only one having multiple nodules larger than the tip of a thumb was correctly diagnosed by CT. Hepatic involvement of @entity2 was thought to be the end stage, and minimal or early disease was detected in the region of Glisson's capsule. The above findings indicate that early hepatic involvement is not likely to be detected by CT at the present time.

title: [CT and pathologic studies on detecting hepatic involvement of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Mathematical modeling of @entity3 is important for analyzing the main cause of the @entity4 and finding effective interventions towards it. The @entity4 is a dynamic process. In this process, daily @entity2 are caused by @entity0 's contacts, and the frequency of contacts can be mainly influenced by their cognition to the disease. The cognition is in turn influenced by daily @entity1 attack rate, climate, and other environment factors. Few existing methods considered the dynamic process in their models. Therefore, their prediction results can hardly be explained by the mechanisms of @entity4 spreading. In this paper, we developed a heterogeneous graph modeling approach (HGM) to describe the dynamic process of @entity3 virus transmission by taking advantage of our unique clinical data. We built social network of studied region and embedded an Agent-Based Model (ABM) in the HGM to describe the dynamic change of an @entity4 . Our simulations have a good agreement with clinical data. Parameter sensitivity analysis showed that temperature influences the dynamic of @entity4 significantly and system behavior analysis showed social network degree is a critical factor determining the size of an @entity4 . Finally, multiple scenarios for vaccination and school closure strategies were simulated and their performance was analyzed.

title: Multi-scale modeling for the transmission of XXXX and the evaluation of interventions toward it.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Interactions of several muscarinic drugs with their receptors were studied in the ciliary body smooth muscles of the @entity0 . The ciliary body smooth muscles responded to @entity4 , a muscarinic full agonist, with concentration-dependent contractions, and the pD2 value of @entity4 was 5.16 +/- 0.05. @entity2 , a competitive antagonist of muscarinic receptors, produced a parallel shift to the right in the concentration-response curves for @entity4 . @entity1 which is a well-known partial agonist on muscarinic receptors in most smooth muscles did not cause any contraction in this tissue. The drug, however, behaved as a competitive antagonist on the muscarinic receptors in the ciliary body smooth muscles. The pA2 values of @entity2 and @entity1 versus @entity4 obtained from the Schild plot are 8.97 +/- 0.25 and 5.17 +/- 0.09, respectively. On the other hand, @entity6 and @entity5 acted as a partial agonist in this tissue. The intrinsic activity, and pD2 and pA2 values were 0.41 +/- 0.02, 4.93 +/- 0.05 and 5.32 +/- 0.05 for @entity6 respectively, and were 0.26 +/- 0.02, 5.64 +/- 0.08 and 6.12 +/- 0.16 for @entity5 , respectively. The pA2 values of these drugs were significantly larger than the corresponding pD2 values of the drugs. The values of the negative log molar dissociation constant of @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity5 estimated by the method of partial irreversible blockade of spare receptors with 3 X 10(-6) M @entity3 were 4.53 +/- 0.08, 5.20 +/- 0.09 and 6.02 +/- 0.06, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the XXXX ciliary body smooth muscle: spare receptors and threshold phenomenon.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This work presents a systematic study on the host-guest interactions between the macrocyclic host molecule cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and @entity2 ( @entity3 ) including three basic @entity3 (Lys, @entity0 , and His) and three aromatic @entity3 ( @entity1 , Tyr, and Trp) to elucidate the origin of the high selectivity of CB[7] toward AA residues in proteins. Complex formation between CB[7] and each AA was examined in solution (by isothermal titration calorimetry and NMR) as well as in the gas phase (by ion mobility mass spectrometry and collision-induced dissociation), and the results were further combined with computational investigations. Generally, the aromatic @entity3 show higher binding affinities than the basic @entity3 in buffer solutions with various pH values. On the contrary, the gas-phase stabilities of the basic AA complex ions are higher than those of the aromatic AA complex ions, suggesting that the direct ion-dipole interactions between the charged side chains of the basic @entity3 and the polar @entity4 groups of CB[7] predominate in the absence of water. The ion-dipole interactions are less significant in water, since the original interactions of the guests with water are lost upon complex formation. In contrast, the transfer of the hydrophobic groups from the bulk into the hydrophobic CB[7] cavity suffers less from the desolvation penalty, resulting in higher binding affinities in water. Therefore, initial guest solvation is another key factor which should be considered when designing high-affinity host-guest systems, in addition to the contribution from the release of high-energy water molecules from the CB[7] cavity (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 15318-15323).

title: Deciphering the Specific High-Affinity Binding of Cucurbit[7]uril to XXXX in Water.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is a major risk factor for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). As @entity4 is an important regulating factor for intestinal @entity1 absorption and plasma @entity1 level, the aim of the present study is to assess the association between @entity0 @entity4 gene polymorphism and @entity2 among Han and Uighur Chinese. METHODS: We have conducted two independent case-control studies in Han Chinese (384 @entity2 @entity0 and 433 controls) and Uighur Chinese (506 @entity2 @entity0 and 351 controls) subjects. All subjects were genotyped for four kinds of SNPs ( @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity8 ) and SNP is used as a genetic marker for @entity0 @entity4 gene. Genotyping was undertaken using TaqMan SNP genotyping assay, and the subjects' ethnicity and gender were considered in the analysis. RESULTS: We found that @entity6 was associated with @entity2 in the dominant model (CC vs CG   +   GG) for the total Han Chinese population (n   =   200) and Han Chinese males (n   =   115) (P   =   0.004 and P   =   0.001, respectively). The difference remained statistically significant after multivariate adjustment (total: OR   =   1.687, P   =   0.004; male: OR   =   1.498, P   =   0.006). Further, for the total (n   =   817) and male (n   =   490) Han Chinese, the frequency of the haplotype (T-C-T-C) was significantly higher in the @entity2 @entity0 than in the controls (P   =   0.004 and P   =   0.002), and the frequency of the haplotype (G-G-T-C) was significantly lower in the @entity2 @entity0 than in the control subjects (P   =   0.013, P   =   0.007). In addition, for the total (n   =   857) and male (n   =   582) Uighur Chinese, we observed that @entity5 was associated with @entity2 in an additive and recessive model (P   =   0.021 and P   =   0.009; P   =   0.048 and P   =   0.034). However, the difference did not remain statistically significant after multivariate adjustment. The overall distribution of @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity8 genotypes, alleles and the frequency of the haplotype established by four SNPs showed no significant difference between @entity2 @entity0 and control subjects in the total, male and female Uighur Chinese. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that CC genotype of @entity6 and T-C-T-C haplotypes in @entity4 gene is a possible risk genetic marker and G allele and G-G-T-C haplotypes is a possible protective genetic marker for @entity2 in male Han Chinese.

title: The association of @entity1 absorption gene XXXX polymorphism with Coronary Artery Disease among Han Chinese and Uighur Chinese in Xinjiang, China.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is a major risk factor for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). As @entity4 is an important regulating factor for intestinal @entity1 absorption and plasma @entity1 level, the aim of the present study is to assess the association between @entity0 @entity4 gene polymorphism and @entity2 among Han and Uighur Chinese. METHODS: We have conducted two independent case-control studies in Han Chinese (384 @entity2 @entity0 and 433 controls) and Uighur Chinese (506 @entity2 @entity0 and 351 controls) subjects. All subjects were genotyped for four kinds of SNPs ( @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity8 ) and SNP is used as a genetic marker for @entity0 @entity4 gene. Genotyping was undertaken using TaqMan SNP genotyping assay, and the subjects' ethnicity and gender were considered in the analysis. RESULTS: We found that @entity6 was associated with @entity2 in the dominant model (CC vs CG   +   GG) for the total Han Chinese population (n   =   200) and Han Chinese males (n   =   115) (P   =   0.004 and P   =   0.001, respectively). The difference remained statistically significant after multivariate adjustment (total: OR   =   1.687, P   =   0.004; male: OR   =   1.498, P   =   0.006). Further, for the total (n   =   817) and male (n   =   490) Han Chinese, the frequency of the haplotype (T-C-T-C) was significantly higher in the @entity2 @entity0 than in the controls (P   =   0.004 and P   =   0.002), and the frequency of the haplotype (G-G-T-C) was significantly lower in the @entity2 @entity0 than in the control subjects (P   =   0.013, P   =   0.007). In addition, for the total (n   =   857) and male (n   =   582) Uighur Chinese, we observed that @entity5 was associated with @entity2 in an additive and recessive model (P   =   0.021 and P   =   0.009; P   =   0.048 and P   =   0.034). However, the difference did not remain statistically significant after multivariate adjustment. The overall distribution of @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity8 genotypes, alleles and the frequency of the haplotype established by four SNPs showed no significant difference between @entity2 @entity0 and control subjects in the total, male and female Uighur Chinese. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that CC genotype of @entity6 and T-C-T-C haplotypes in @entity4 gene is a possible risk genetic marker and G allele and G-G-T-C haplotypes is a possible protective genetic marker for @entity2 in male Han Chinese.

title: The association of XXXX absorption gene @entity4 polymorphism with Coronary Artery Disease among Han Chinese and Uighur Chinese in Xinjiang, China.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Powdered @entity4 uteri were lyophilized and sealed in a vacuum. The effects of lyophilization and the thermostability of the binding activity of uterine @entity1 hormone receptors were studied. The lyophilized powder was analyzed for its ability to bind @entity2 , progestin, @entity5 , and glucocorticoid @entity3 . Lyophilization had no deleterious effects on the binding activity. Storage of the lyophilized powder at +20 C for more than 14 days did not reduce the binding activity. No reduction of the binding capacity was also observed when the storage temperature was at +30 C for 16 hours. However, a slight loss of specific binding sites was observed for @entity0 (-12%) at the storage temperature of +40 C, but the other @entity1 binding proteins were more stable. When the storage temperature was at +60 C for 16 hours, a loss of about 24% was observed for the specific @entity2 binding sites, whereas the binding capacity of progestin, @entity5 , and glucocorticoid receptors was reduced by only less than 10%. Storage at the high temperature of +80 C for 16 hours resulted in a loss of only 36% for the @entity2 binding capacity and less than 30% loss for the other binding proteins. The freeze-dried uterine powders can be useful quality control specimens for @entity1 receptor assays.

title: Investigation on the thermostability of XXXX hormone receptors in lyophilized @entity4 uterine tissue powder.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Powdered @entity4 uteri were lyophilized and sealed in a vacuum. The effects of lyophilization and the thermostability of the binding activity of uterine @entity1 hormone receptors were studied. The lyophilized powder was analyzed for its ability to bind @entity2 , progestin, @entity5 , and glucocorticoid @entity3 . Lyophilization had no deleterious effects on the binding activity. Storage of the lyophilized powder at +20 C for more than 14 days did not reduce the binding activity. No reduction of the binding capacity was also observed when the storage temperature was at +30 C for 16 hours. However, a slight loss of specific binding sites was observed for @entity0 (-12%) at the storage temperature of +40 C, but the other @entity1 binding proteins were more stable. When the storage temperature was at +60 C for 16 hours, a loss of about 24% was observed for the specific @entity2 binding sites, whereas the binding capacity of progestin, @entity5 , and glucocorticoid receptors was reduced by only less than 10%. Storage at the high temperature of +80 C for 16 hours resulted in a loss of only 36% for the @entity2 binding capacity and less than 30% loss for the other binding proteins. The freeze-dried uterine powders can be useful quality control specimens for @entity1 receptor assays.

title: Investigation on the thermostability of @entity1 hormone receptors in lyophilized XXXX uterine tissue powder.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is a granulomatous @entity1 of unknown etiology. The increased frequency of activated lung CD4+ T cells with a @entity5 cytokine profile in @entity3 @entity0 is accompanied by a reduced proportion and/or impaired function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here we evaluated the expression of the inducible co-stimulator ( @entity6 ) on lung and blood CD4+ T cell subsets in @entity3 @entity0 with different prognosis, by flow cytometry. Samples from the deep airways were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We show that Tregs from the inflamed lung of @entity3 @entity0 were characterized by a unique @entity6 (high) phenotype. High-level @entity6 expression was restricted to Tregs from the inflamed lung and was absent in blood Tregs of @entity3 @entity0 as well as in lung and blood Tregs of healthy volunteers. In addition, lung Tregs exhibited increased @entity6 expression compared to sarcoid-specific lung effector T cells. Strikingly, @entity6 expression on Tregs was in particularly high in the lungs of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 who present with @entity4 which often resolves spontaneously. Moreover, blood monocytes from @entity2 @entity0 revealed increased @entity7 levels compared to healthy donors. @entity3 was associated with a shift towards a non-classical monocyte phenotype and the @entity7 (high) phenotype was restricted to this particular monocyte subset. We propose a potential implication of the @entity6 / @entity7 immune-regulatory axis in disease activity and resolution and suggest to further evaluate the suitability of @entity6 as biomarker for the prognosis of @entity3 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Pulmonary sarcoidosis is associated with high-level XXXX expression on lung regulatory T cells - possible implications for the @entity6 / @entity7 axis in disease course and resolution.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is a granulomatous @entity1 of unknown etiology. The increased frequency of activated lung CD4+ T cells with a @entity5 cytokine profile in @entity3 @entity0 is accompanied by a reduced proportion and/or impaired function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here we evaluated the expression of the inducible co-stimulator ( @entity6 ) on lung and blood CD4+ T cell subsets in @entity3 @entity0 with different prognosis, by flow cytometry. Samples from the deep airways were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We show that Tregs from the inflamed lung of @entity3 @entity0 were characterized by a unique @entity6 (high) phenotype. High-level @entity6 expression was restricted to Tregs from the inflamed lung and was absent in blood Tregs of @entity3 @entity0 as well as in lung and blood Tregs of healthy volunteers. In addition, lung Tregs exhibited increased @entity6 expression compared to sarcoid-specific lung effector T cells. Strikingly, @entity6 expression on Tregs was in particularly high in the lungs of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 who present with @entity4 which often resolves spontaneously. Moreover, blood monocytes from @entity2 @entity0 revealed increased @entity7 levels compared to healthy donors. @entity3 was associated with a shift towards a non-classical monocyte phenotype and the @entity7 (high) phenotype was restricted to this particular monocyte subset. We propose a potential implication of the @entity6 / @entity7 immune-regulatory axis in disease activity and resolution and suggest to further evaluate the suitability of @entity6 as biomarker for the prognosis of @entity3 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Pulmonary sarcoidosis is associated with high-level @entity6 expression on lung regulatory T cells - possible implications for the XXXX / @entity7 axis in disease course and resolution.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is a granulomatous @entity1 of unknown etiology. The increased frequency of activated lung CD4+ T cells with a @entity5 cytokine profile in @entity3 @entity0 is accompanied by a reduced proportion and/or impaired function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here we evaluated the expression of the inducible co-stimulator ( @entity6 ) on lung and blood CD4+ T cell subsets in @entity3 @entity0 with different prognosis, by flow cytometry. Samples from the deep airways were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). We show that Tregs from the inflamed lung of @entity3 @entity0 were characterized by a unique @entity6 (high) phenotype. High-level @entity6 expression was restricted to Tregs from the inflamed lung and was absent in blood Tregs of @entity3 @entity0 as well as in lung and blood Tregs of healthy volunteers. In addition, lung Tregs exhibited increased @entity6 expression compared to sarcoid-specific lung effector T cells. Strikingly, @entity6 expression on Tregs was in particularly high in the lungs of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 who present with @entity4 which often resolves spontaneously. Moreover, blood monocytes from @entity2 @entity0 revealed increased @entity7 levels compared to healthy donors. @entity3 was associated with a shift towards a non-classical monocyte phenotype and the @entity7 (high) phenotype was restricted to this particular monocyte subset. We propose a potential implication of the @entity6 / @entity7 immune-regulatory axis in disease activity and resolution and suggest to further evaluate the suitability of @entity6 as biomarker for the prognosis of @entity3 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Pulmonary sarcoidosis is associated with high-level @entity6 expression on lung regulatory T cells - possible implications for the @entity6 / XXXX axis in disease course and resolution.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The apicomplexan parasite @entity2 is cosmopolitan in nature, largely as a result of its highly flexible life cycle. Felids are its only definitive hosts and a wide range of mammals and birds serve as intermediate hosts. The latent bradyzoite stage is orally infectious in all warm-blooded vertebrates and establishes chronic, transmissible @entity0 . When bradyzoites are ingested by felids, they transform into merozoites in enterocytes and expand asexually as part of their coccidian life cycle. In all other intermediate hosts, however, bradyzoites differentiate exclusively to tachyzoites, and disseminate extraintestinally to many cell types. Both merozoites and tachyzoites undergo rapid asexual population expansion, yet possess different effector fates with respect to the cells and tissues they develop in and the subsequent stages they differentiate into. RESULTS: To determine whether merozoites utilize distinct suites of genes to attach, invade, and replicate within feline enterocytes, we performed comparative transcriptional profiling on purified tachyzoites and merozoites. We used high-throughput RNA-Seq to compare the merozoite and tachyzoite transcriptomes. 8323 genes were annotated with sequence reads across the two asexually replicating stages of the parasite life cycle. Metabolism was similar between the two replicating stages. However, significant stage-specific expression differences were measured, with 312 transcripts exclusive to merozoites versus 453 exclusive to tachyzoites. Genes coding for 177 predicted secreted proteins and 64 membrane- associated proteins were annotated as merozoite-specific. The vast majority of known dense-granule (GRA), microneme (MIC), and rhoptry (ROP) genes were not expressed in merozoites. In contrast, a large set of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was expressed exclusively in merozoites. CONCLUSIONS: The distinct expression profiles of merozoites and tachyzoites reveal significant additional complexity within the @entity2 life cycle, demonstrating that merozoites are distinct asexual dividing stages which are uniquely adapted to their niche and biological purpose.

title: Asexual expansion of XXXX merozoites is distinct from tachyzoites and entails expression of non-overlapping gene families to attach, invade, and replicate within feline enterocytes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Recently, Entamoeba polecki was identified for the first time in our parasitology laboratory in stool specimens from eight Southeast Asian refugees. This ameba has been reported infrequently in the Western world; most reported cases have been from the New Guinea region. In most previously described @entity0 and in our @entity0 , no @entity2 could be directly attributed to E. polecki @entity1 . Morphologically, E. polecki may mimic the pathogen @entity6 and also nonpathogens such as @entity3 . These species are most readily distinguished by studying encysted forms. In contrast to @entity6 and @entity3 , E. polecki characteristically has uninucleate cysts. Both @entity5 and monkeys naturally harbor E. polecki, but four of the @entity0 in this series had no apparent contact with these animals. Other modes of @entity1 may be @entity0 -to- @entity0 transmission or acquisition from other domestic animals. Six of our eight @entity0 were treated successfully with one course of @entity4 in a regimen similar to that used for @entity6 @entity1 . In the two other @entity0 , repeated courses of therapy eradicated the @entity1 . Because of the recent increase in number of Southeast Asian immigrants to the United States, E. polecki may be identified more frequently than in the past. Physicians and laboratory personnel should be familiar with this organism, because it may be confused with @entity6 or may act as a pathogen.

title: Entamoeba polecki XXXX in Southeast Asian refugees: multiple cases of a rarely reported parasite.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth is associated with 5-18% of pregnancies and is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a key cytokine for the identification of @entity1 , and @entity0 with an elevated @entity7 @entity3 are at risk for impending @entity6 . However, results of the conventional method of measurement (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ELISA) are usually not available in time to inform care. The objective of this study was to determine whether a point of care (POC) test or lateral-flow-based immunoassay for measurement of @entity7 @entity3 concentrations can identify @entity0 with @entity1 and/or @entity2 and those destined to deliver spontaneously before term among @entity0 with @entity6 and intact membranes. METHODS: One-hundred thirty-six @entity0 with singleton pregnancies who presented with symptoms of @entity6 and underwent amniocentesis were included in this study. Amniocentesis was performed at the time of diagnosis of @entity6 . @entity7 Gram stain and @entity7 white blood cell counts were determined. Microbial invasion of the @entity5 (MIAC) was defined according to the results of @entity7 culture (aerobic and anaerobic as well as @entity4 ). @entity7 @entity3 concentrations were determined by both lateral flow-based immunoassay and ELISA. The primary outcome was @entity1 , defined as @entity7 ELISA @entity3   >=    2600   pg/ml. RESULTS: (1) @entity7 @entity3 concentrations determined by a POC test have high sensitivity (93%), specificity (91%) and a positive likelihood ratio of 10 for the identification of @entity1 by using a threshold of 745   pg/ml; (2) the POC test and ELISA for @entity3 perform similarly in the identification of MIAC, acute inflammatory lesions of placenta and @entity0 at risk of impending spontaneous @entity6 . CONCLUSION: A POC @entity7 @entity3 test can identify @entity1 in @entity0 who present with @entity6 and intact membranes and those who will subsequently deliver spontaneously before 34 weeks of gestation. Results can be available within 20   min - this has important clinical implications and opens avenues for early diagnosis as well as treatment of @entity1 / @entity2 .

title: A rapid @entity3 bedside test for the identification of @entity1 in XXXX with intact membranes.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth is associated with 5-18% of pregnancies and is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a key cytokine for the identification of @entity1 , and @entity0 with an elevated @entity7 @entity3 are at risk for impending @entity6 . However, results of the conventional method of measurement (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ELISA) are usually not available in time to inform care. The objective of this study was to determine whether a point of care (POC) test or lateral-flow-based immunoassay for measurement of @entity7 @entity3 concentrations can identify @entity0 with @entity1 and/or @entity2 and those destined to deliver spontaneously before term among @entity0 with @entity6 and intact membranes. METHODS: One-hundred thirty-six @entity0 with singleton pregnancies who presented with symptoms of @entity6 and underwent amniocentesis were included in this study. Amniocentesis was performed at the time of diagnosis of @entity6 . @entity7 Gram stain and @entity7 white blood cell counts were determined. Microbial invasion of the @entity5 (MIAC) was defined according to the results of @entity7 culture (aerobic and anaerobic as well as @entity4 ). @entity7 @entity3 concentrations were determined by both lateral flow-based immunoassay and ELISA. The primary outcome was @entity1 , defined as @entity7 ELISA @entity3   >=    2600   pg/ml. RESULTS: (1) @entity7 @entity3 concentrations determined by a POC test have high sensitivity (93%), specificity (91%) and a positive likelihood ratio of 10 for the identification of @entity1 by using a threshold of 745   pg/ml; (2) the POC test and ELISA for @entity3 perform similarly in the identification of MIAC, acute inflammatory lesions of placenta and @entity0 at risk of impending spontaneous @entity6 . CONCLUSION: A POC @entity7 @entity3 test can identify @entity1 in @entity0 who present with @entity6 and intact membranes and those who will subsequently deliver spontaneously before 34 weeks of gestation. Results can be available within 20   min - this has important clinical implications and opens avenues for early diagnosis as well as treatment of @entity1 / @entity2 .

title: A rapid XXXX bedside test for the identification of @entity1 in @entity6 with intact membranes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth is associated with 5-18% of pregnancies and is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a key cytokine for the identification of @entity1 , and @entity0 with an elevated @entity7 @entity3 are at risk for impending @entity6 . However, results of the conventional method of measurement (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ELISA) are usually not available in time to inform care. The objective of this study was to determine whether a point of care (POC) test or lateral-flow-based immunoassay for measurement of @entity7 @entity3 concentrations can identify @entity0 with @entity1 and/or @entity2 and those destined to deliver spontaneously before term among @entity0 with @entity6 and intact membranes. METHODS: One-hundred thirty-six @entity0 with singleton pregnancies who presented with symptoms of @entity6 and underwent amniocentesis were included in this study. Amniocentesis was performed at the time of diagnosis of @entity6 . @entity7 Gram stain and @entity7 white blood cell counts were determined. Microbial invasion of the @entity5 (MIAC) was defined according to the results of @entity7 culture (aerobic and anaerobic as well as @entity4 ). @entity7 @entity3 concentrations were determined by both lateral flow-based immunoassay and ELISA. The primary outcome was @entity1 , defined as @entity7 ELISA @entity3   >=    2600   pg/ml. RESULTS: (1) @entity7 @entity3 concentrations determined by a POC test have high sensitivity (93%), specificity (91%) and a positive likelihood ratio of 10 for the identification of @entity1 by using a threshold of 745   pg/ml; (2) the POC test and ELISA for @entity3 perform similarly in the identification of MIAC, acute inflammatory lesions of placenta and @entity0 at risk of impending spontaneous @entity6 . CONCLUSION: A POC @entity7 @entity3 test can identify @entity1 in @entity0 who present with @entity6 and intact membranes and those who will subsequently deliver spontaneously before 34 weeks of gestation. Results can be available within 20   min - this has important clinical implications and opens avenues for early diagnosis as well as treatment of @entity1 / @entity2 .

title: A rapid @entity3 bedside test for the identification of XXXX in @entity6 with intact membranes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 was applied ocularly to menstruating and postmenopausal @entity0 . The absorption by blood was measured. A rapid increase of both @entity1 and @entity2 was seen with higher plasma levels in the menstruating group, possibly due to a better conjunctival circulation. Twenty-one @entity3 were given @entity1 suspension or solution ocularly or nasally. The absorption by blood and cerebrospinal fluid was measured and compared to intravenous injection of 0.5 mg @entity1 . @entity1 increased in plasma after 1'. Maxima were reached at 15'. @entity1 solution gave higher plasma levels than @entity1 suspension. At 5' they amounted to the levels found after i.v. injection. The @entity1 levels in cerebrospinal fluid never exceeded the corresponding plasma levels and were generally low. The increase in cerebrospinal fluid was thought to be secondary to the raised plasma levels.

title: 17 beta-estradiol levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid after ocular and nasal administration in XXXX and female @entity3 ( @entity3 ).

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 was applied ocularly to menstruating and postmenopausal @entity0 . The absorption by blood was measured. A rapid increase of both @entity1 and @entity2 was seen with higher plasma levels in the menstruating group, possibly due to a better conjunctival circulation. Twenty-one @entity3 were given @entity1 suspension or solution ocularly or nasally. The absorption by blood and cerebrospinal fluid was measured and compared to intravenous injection of 0.5 mg @entity1 . @entity1 increased in plasma after 1'. Maxima were reached at 15'. @entity1 solution gave higher plasma levels than @entity1 suspension. At 5' they amounted to the levels found after i.v. injection. The @entity1 levels in cerebrospinal fluid never exceeded the corresponding plasma levels and were generally low. The increase in cerebrospinal fluid was thought to be secondary to the raised plasma levels.

title: 17 beta-estradiol levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid after ocular and nasal administration in @entity0 and female XXXX ( @entity3 ).

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 was applied ocularly to menstruating and postmenopausal @entity0 . The absorption by blood was measured. A rapid increase of both @entity1 and @entity2 was seen with higher plasma levels in the menstruating group, possibly due to a better conjunctival circulation. Twenty-one @entity3 were given @entity1 suspension or solution ocularly or nasally. The absorption by blood and cerebrospinal fluid was measured and compared to intravenous injection of 0.5 mg @entity1 . @entity1 increased in plasma after 1'. Maxima were reached at 15'. @entity1 solution gave higher plasma levels than @entity1 suspension. At 5' they amounted to the levels found after i.v. injection. The @entity1 levels in cerebrospinal fluid never exceeded the corresponding plasma levels and were generally low. The increase in cerebrospinal fluid was thought to be secondary to the raised plasma levels.

title: 17 beta-estradiol levels in blood and cerebrospinal fluid after ocular and nasal administration in @entity0 and female @entity3 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity3


abstract: Between 1970 and 1978 467 @entity3 were newly registered by the St. Gallen-Appenzell @entity1 registry. Among these 23 (4.9%) were primary @entity4 . Among the necropsy material between 1970 and 1978 23 @entity0 (15.6%) were observed with secondary gastric involvement among 147 generalised @entity3 . Among the 23 @entity0 whose @entity2 were investigated by use of gastric resection specimens 10 were in clinical stage IE at the time of operation, the other 13 were in stage IIE. Macroscopically there was an uncharacteristic picture of these @entity1 which were frequently localised in the antrum and ulcerated in most cases. Histologically 19 cases had diffusely growing malignancy. Four @entity1 showed nodular or follicular structures. Histiocytic and immunoblastic (n = 14 and 13, respectively) forms were the most frequently occurring @entity2 . The diagnosis of @entity2 in biopsy material could only be verified in 4 out of 12 @entity0 investigated preoperatively by gastroscopy. Histological typing of the @entity2 was not possible in most cases. When there is a suspicion of @entity2 macroparticle biopsies should be performed.

title: [Malignant XXXX of the stomach (author's transl)].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Multiple different pathological @entity6 are frequently seen in @entity0 postmortem brains and hence mixed pathology is common. Mixed @entity3 on the other hand is less frequent and neuropathologically should only be diagnosed if criteria for more than one full blown disease are met. We quantitatively measured the amount of hyperphosphorylated microtubule associated tau ( @entity5 -  ), amyloid-b protein (Ab) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in cases that were neuropathologically diagnosed as mixed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and neocortical @entity4 ( @entity4 ) but clinically presented either as @entity3 due to @entity2 or @entity4 , the latter including @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Our study group consisted of 28 cases (mean age, 76.11 SE:   1.29 years; m:f, 17:11) of which 19 were neuropathologically diagnosed as mixed @entity2 / @entity4 . Clinically, 8 mixed @entity2 / @entity4 cases were diagnosed as @entity2 (cAD), 8 as @entity4 (cDLB) and 3 as @entity1 (cPDD). In addition, we investigated cases that were both clinically and neuropathologically diagnosed as either @entity2 (pure @entity2 ; n  =  5) or @entity4 /neocortical @entity4 (pure @entity4 ; n  =  4). Sections from neocortical, limbic and subcortical areas were stained with antibodies against @entity5 -  , Ab and @entity7 . The area covered by immunopositivity was measured using image analysis. cAD cases had higher @entity5 -   loads than both cDLB and cPDD and the distribution of @entity5 -   in cAD was similar to the one observed in pure @entity2 whilst cDLB showed comparatively less hippocampal @entity5 -   load. cPDD cases showed lower @entity5 -   and Ab loads and higher @entity7 loads. Here, we show that in neuropathologically mixed @entity2 / @entity4 cases both the amount and the topographical distribution of pathological @entity6 differed between distinct clinical phenotypes. Large-scale clinicopathological correlative studies using a quantitative methodology are warranted to further elucidate the neuropathological correlate of clinical symptoms in cases with mixed pathology.

title: Neuropathologically mixed @entity2 : burden of pathological XXXX differs between clinical phenotypes.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Multiple different pathological @entity6 are frequently seen in @entity0 postmortem brains and hence mixed pathology is common. Mixed @entity3 on the other hand is less frequent and neuropathologically should only be diagnosed if criteria for more than one full blown disease are met. We quantitatively measured the amount of hyperphosphorylated microtubule associated tau ( @entity5 -  ), amyloid-b protein (Ab) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in cases that were neuropathologically diagnosed as mixed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and neocortical @entity4 ( @entity4 ) but clinically presented either as @entity3 due to @entity2 or @entity4 , the latter including @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Our study group consisted of 28 cases (mean age, 76.11 SE:   1.29 years; m:f, 17:11) of which 19 were neuropathologically diagnosed as mixed @entity2 / @entity4 . Clinically, 8 mixed @entity2 / @entity4 cases were diagnosed as @entity2 (cAD), 8 as @entity4 (cDLB) and 3 as @entity1 (cPDD). In addition, we investigated cases that were both clinically and neuropathologically diagnosed as either @entity2 (pure @entity2 ; n  =  5) or @entity4 /neocortical @entity4 (pure @entity4 ; n  =  4). Sections from neocortical, limbic and subcortical areas were stained with antibodies against @entity5 -  , Ab and @entity7 . The area covered by immunopositivity was measured using image analysis. cAD cases had higher @entity5 -   loads than both cDLB and cPDD and the distribution of @entity5 -   in cAD was similar to the one observed in pure @entity2 whilst cDLB showed comparatively less hippocampal @entity5 -   load. cPDD cases showed lower @entity5 -   and Ab loads and higher @entity7 loads. Here, we show that in neuropathologically mixed @entity2 / @entity4 cases both the amount and the topographical distribution of pathological @entity6 differed between distinct clinical phenotypes. Large-scale clinicopathological correlative studies using a quantitative methodology are warranted to further elucidate the neuropathological correlate of clinical symptoms in cases with mixed pathology.

title: Neuropathologically mixed XXXX : burden of pathological @entity6 differs between clinical phenotypes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We started Diab @entity1 ater (DT), a program for medical staff, with a short drama and discussion with attendees in 2009. The program has two parts. One is a short drama enacting realistic scenes between medical staff and pati @entity0 ter that, facilitators prompt responses from the audience. The basic concept of the program is empowerment for pati @entity0 process of empowerment in terms of discovery and development of one's own life. Peop @entity0 empowered when they have sufficient knowledge to make rational decisions, sufficient control and resources to implement their decisions, and sufficient experience to evaluate the effectiveness of their decisions. We performed DT at the Annual Meeting of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, Kumamoto. Thereafter, we researched the positive educational effects of the program by issuing a questionnaire; the results are presented herein, along with some of our views on the benefits of a drama program on pharmacist training and undergraduate education. The total number of respondents was 78 (M/F, 40/38). Hospital pharmacists comprised 38%; students 26%; academia 19%; community pharmacists 9%; and others 8%. In conclusion, DT was well accepted by attendances as a unique program to learn effective pati @entity0 munication skills and thereby achieve better pati @entity0 rmacist relations. Our findings suggest that DT might be an interesting approach to improve attitudes of pharmacists in diab @entity1 e with the aim of empowerment.

title: Evaluation of XXXX theater: results of questionnaire survey and discussion.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Intravenous injection often causes vasc @entity7 h as veno @entity3 sc @entity4 d phle @entity11 sc @entity7 eriorates the pati @entity0 OL and sometimes limits the continuation of injection therapy. Pharmaceutical intervention and pharmacological mechanisms used to reduce vasc @entity7 uced by vino @entity5 epir @entity6 e reviewed. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the dose of vino @entity5 40 mg) was a significant predictor for veno @entity3 teration of the volume of normal saline for vino @entity5 solution, from 50 to 100 mL, significantly decreased the grade of veno @entity3 the other hand, the phle @entity11 res were significantly higher in pati @entity0 ated with epir @entity6 dy-to-use solution compared with lyophilized powder. The change of formulation of epir @entity6 lyophilized powder decreased the risk of veno @entity3 e concentration inducing 50% cell viability inhibition was lower in the order of vesicant, irritant, and nonvesicant drugs on porcine aorta endothelial cells (PAECs), suggesting that the injuring effects of anticancer drugs on PAECs may be relevant as an indicator of the frequency of their vasc @entity7 e exposure to vino @entity5 PAECs rapidly depleted intracellular glut @entity9 els and increased intracellular reactive oxyg @entity1 cies production. Moreover, exposure to epir @entity6 reased intracellular lipid pero @entity10 els and enhanced the phosphorylation of p38 @entity8 ogen-activated protein kinase. These results demonstrate that oxidative stress plays an important role in vino @entity5 d epir @entity6 uced endo @entity2 d may therefore increase the potential for vasc @entity7 n intravenous injection.

title: Pharmacological Study and Pharmaceutical Intervention to Reduce Intravenous Injection-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to evaluate whether @entity1 and spouse @entity2 mediated the association between @entity2 severity and occupational functioning among employed spouses of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 . We examined whether sociodemographic characteristics, lower spouse-reported marital quality, and lower spouse self-rated health were associated with poorer spouse occupational functioning. METHODS: One hundred forty-three currently employed spouses of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 were administered measures of socioeconomic status, occupational functioning (work absenteeism, low productivity, and poor performance), @entity2 , marital quality, and self-rated health. @entity1 completed measures of @entity2 -related @entity3 and @entity2 stage were collected from medical charts. RESULTS: In the model evaluating work absenteeism, greater @entity1 functional impairment was associated with more absenteeism, but there was no evidence of a mediating effect for either partners' @entity2 . Higher @entity2 stage and more functional impairment were associated with higher spouse @entity2 , which in turn predicted poorer work productivity. @entity1 @entity2 did not mediate the association between @entity1 functional impairment or @entity2 stage and spouse work productivity. Finally, higher @entity2 stage was associated with more spouse @entity2 , which in turn predicted poorer work performance. There were no direct or indirect effects of the @entity1 's functional impairment on spouse work performance. CONCLUSIONS: Distressed spouses are more likely to have poorer work productivity after their partners' @entity0 . These spouses may need assistance in managing their distress and the @entity1 's functional impairment to ensure that their work productivity is not adversely affected. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Psychological distress as a mediator of the association between disease severity and occupational functioning among employed spouses of @entity1 recently diagnosed with XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to evaluate whether @entity1 and spouse @entity2 mediated the association between @entity2 severity and occupational functioning among employed spouses of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 . We examined whether sociodemographic characteristics, lower spouse-reported marital quality, and lower spouse self-rated health were associated with poorer spouse occupational functioning. METHODS: One hundred forty-three currently employed spouses of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 were administered measures of socioeconomic status, occupational functioning (work absenteeism, low productivity, and poor performance), @entity2 , marital quality, and self-rated health. @entity1 completed measures of @entity2 -related @entity3 and @entity2 stage were collected from medical charts. RESULTS: In the model evaluating work absenteeism, greater @entity1 functional impairment was associated with more absenteeism, but there was no evidence of a mediating effect for either partners' @entity2 . Higher @entity2 stage and more functional impairment were associated with higher spouse @entity2 , which in turn predicted poorer work productivity. @entity1 @entity2 did not mediate the association between @entity1 functional impairment or @entity2 stage and spouse work productivity. Finally, higher @entity2 stage was associated with more spouse @entity2 , which in turn predicted poorer work performance. There were no direct or indirect effects of the @entity1 's functional impairment on spouse work performance. CONCLUSIONS: Distressed spouses are more likely to have poorer work productivity after their partners' @entity0 . These spouses may need assistance in managing their distress and the @entity1 's functional impairment to ensure that their work productivity is not adversely affected. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Psychological distress as a mediator of the association between disease severity and occupational functioning among employed spouses of XXXX recently diagnosed with @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fewer than 4% of @entity4 are @entity1 . These @entity1 predominantly represent metastatic disease from elsewhere. This study evaluates inpatient complications, demographics, and hospitalization characteristics of @entity0 who underwent @entity5 ( @entity5 ) for @entity7 . METHODS: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was evaluated for @entity5 @entity0 from 1998 to 2010. Demographics, hospitalization characteristics, and complications were evaluated among @entity0 with @entity1 and compared to those with @entity1 . RESULTS: There were 17,425 inpatient records, 1.0% of which involved @entity4 . There was no difference in age between these cohorts (p = 0.378). @entity0 with @entity1 had greater length of stay (6.7 days vs 4.5 days, p = 0.003) and higher trending charges ( 55,371 vs  40,550 p = 0.091). The most common @entity3 among @entity0 with @entity1 included @entity6 ( @entity6 ) (17.9%), fluid/electrolyte abnormalities (14.0%), @entity2 (5.6%), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) @entity8 (2.2%), and @entity7 (2.2%). @entity0 with @entity1 had a significantly greater rates of postoperative @entity6 and fluid/electrolyte abnormalities (odds ratio = 2.0 and 1.7, respectively), whereas no statistical difference was noted in the rates of CSF @entity8 (p = 0.372). CONCLUSION: In this analysis of inpatient hospitalizations for @entity5 @entity0 , @entity1 was associated with a greater rate of postoperative @entity6 and fluid/electrolyte abnormalities, but no differences in the rates of postoperative CSF @entity8 and other complications were found. @entity0 with @entity7 undergoing @entity5 had significantly longer hospitalizations and higher trending charges than those with benign lesions. This analysis is, however, subject to the limitations of the database.

title: Transsphenoidal surgery for XXXX : an analysis of inpatient complications.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for gallbladder removal and the most common laparoscopic procedure worldwide. Single-incision laparoscopic surgery has recently emerged as a less invasive potential alternative to conventional three- or four-port laparoscopy. However, the feasibility of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) remains unclear, and there are no rigorous criteria in the literature. Identifying @entity0 at risk of failure of this new technique is essential. The aim of our study was to determine risk factors that may predict failure of the procedure. METHODS: From May 2010 to March 2012, 110 consecutive @entity0 underwent @entity1 and were reviewed retrospectively. The main feasibility criterion was the procedure failure rate, defined as addition of supplementary port(s) and prolonged (>60  min) operative time. The factors evaluated were age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, previous abdominal surgery, indication for surgery and gallbladder suspension. RESULTS: There was conversion in 16 @entity0 (14.5  %), and the operative time exceeded 60  min for 20 @entity0 (30.9  %). Univariate analysis showed a significant independent association between additional port requirement and each of weight as a continuous value, weight >= 80  kg, BMI >26.5  kg/m(2) and height >172  cm. Univariate analysis also showed a significant independent association between prolonged operative duration (>60  min) and each of height and weight as continuous values, height >172  cm and previous abdominal surgery. In the multivariate analysis, only weight remained independently associated with additional port requirement, and height remained independently associated with prolonged operative duration. CONCLUSION: Preoperative identification of the factors increasing the risk of conversion may assist surgeons in making decisions concerning the management of @entity0 , including appropriate use of @entity1 .

title: Do height and weight affect the feasibility of XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the impact of salt reduction on liking, salt taste perception, and use of table salt when consuming @entity0 stew in light of South Africa's new salt recommendations. In total, 432 South-African consumers (aged 35.2      12.3 years) consumed a full portion of a @entity0 stew meal once at a central location. Four stock cube powders varying in salt content were used to prepare @entity0 stews: 1) no reduction - 2013 @entity1 level; regular salt level as currently available on the South African market (24473  mg @entity1 /100  g), 2) salt reduction smaller than 2016 level, i.e. 10%-reduced (22025  mg @entity1 /100  g), 3) 2016 salt level, as per regulatory prescriptions (18000  mg @entity1 /100  g), 4) 2019 salt level, as per regulatory prescriptions (13000  mg @entity1 /100  g). Consumers were randomly allocated to consume one of the four meals. Liking, salt taste perception, and use of table salt and pepper were measured. @entity0 stews prepared with reduced-salt stock powders were equally well-liked as @entity0 stews with the current salt level. Moreover, a gradual reduction of the salt in the @entity0 stews resulted in a reduced salt intake, up to an average of 19% for the total group compared to the benchmark 2013 @entity1 level stew. However, 19% of consumers compensated by adding salt back to full compensation in some cases. More salt was added with increased reductions of salt in the meals, even to the point of full compensation. Further investigation into the impacts of nutrition communication and education about salt reduction on salt taste perception and use is needed. This research provides new consumer insights on salt use and emphasises the need for consumer-focused behaviour change approaches, in addition to reformulation of products.

title: Liking, salt taste perception and use of table salt when consuming reduced-salt XXXX stews in light of South Africa's new salt regulations.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Migraine is an expensive condition impacting on the economically active sector of the population. Given the expense of anti- @entity1 medicine, it is important to monitor the impact of generic prescribing and therapeutic substitution. OBJECTIVE: The primary aim was to analyse the prescribing patterns and cost of anti- @entity1 medicines to determine the impact of generic prescribing and prescribing changes over time. METHOD: A retrospective drug utilisation study was conducted on South African private sector medical insurance claims data for 2011. Results A total of 797 @entity0 received 1583 anti- @entity1 medicines during 2011. The majority of @entity0 (70.14 %) were females. The average age of @entity0 was 41.61 (SD = 14.91) years. Clonidine was the most frequently prescribed (49.21 % of prescribing frequency; 25.70 % of cost), followed by the triptans [selective serotonin (5-HT1B/1D)-receptor agonists] (27.98 % of prescribing frequency; 45.92 % of cost). Five triptans were prescribed. The average cost per sumatriptan prescription was the lowest (the only triptan with generic equivalents). Rizatriptan was the most frequently prescribed triptan (18.51 % of prescribing frequency; 29.15 % of cost). CONCLUSION: The results were generally in agreement with previous South African studies. The impact of the introduction of newer triptans and of generic equivalents on prescribing patterns was clear.

title: Prescribing patterns of anti- XXXX medicines in South Africa using a claims database.

answer: @entity1