abstract: Chromosomal loci containing genes affecting antinociceptive sensitivity to @entity4 have been identified, but virtually nothing is known about the genetic mediation of sensitivity to over-the-counter analgesics. Such knowledge would be of great clinical interest, as prodigious interindividual variability has been noted in the efficacy of these ubiquitously used drugs. In the present study, we assessed heritability and genetic correlations among three over-the-counter analgesics in @entity0 of 12 inbred @entity0 strains on the 0.9% @entity6 (i.p.) writhing test. Analgesics included the centrally acting analgesic, @entity5 (150 mg/kg, s.c.), and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), @entity7 (40 mg/kg, s.c.) and @entity3 - @entity2 (800 mg/kg, s.c.). Significant strain differences in sensitivity to each of the drugs were observed, with narrow-sense heritability estimates ranging from 23 to 45%. Similar strains were sensitive and resistant, respectively, to the two NSAIDs (r(s) = 0.64). In contrast, a completely different pattern of sensitivities was observed for @entity5 , implying @entity1 (r(s) = 0.29 and 0.02) compared with the NSAIDs. Additional experiments were performed on two strains, C57BL/6 and @entity8 /2, with extreme sensitivities to @entity5 . Plasma @entity5 levels in these strains were not significantly different during the time of antinociception assessment, suggesting the existence of genetic factors affecting @entity5 pharmacodynamics rather than pharmacokinetics.

title: The heritability of antinociception II: pharmacogenetic mediation of three over-the-counter analgesics in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 has been defined diversely. The purpose of this study was to determine whether @entity2 should be categorized as a distinct entity independent of @entity2 . We retrospectively analyzed 65 @entity0 undergoing resection for @entity4 involving the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) with the @entity1 center within 5 cm of the EGJ. @entity4 of the EGJ were classified into Type I, Type II, and Type III according to Siewert's criteria. There was only one @entity4 , and it was associated with @entity3 . No @entity1 had their center between 1 cm and 2 cm proximal to the EGJ. Clinicopathologic features and prognosis were compared among @entity0 with @entity4 ( n = 31), @entity0 with @entity4 ( n = 33), and @entity0 with @entity4 in the upper third of the stomach not invading the EGJ ( n = 153). Siewert's @entity4 was associated with a higher male/female ratio and with higher incidences of well-demarcated appearance and differentiated histology than @entity2 of the upper third of the stomach without esophageal invasion. Lymph nodes along the greater curvature and parapyloric nodes were rarely involved in @entity1 . Within the pT2 category, @entity0 with Siewert's @entity1 showed a higher incidence of @entity5 and a significantly lower survival rate than did @entity0 with @entity1 of the upper third of the stomach without esophageal invasion. In conclusion, @entity2 , appropriately defined as @entity4 with its epicenter between 1 cm proximal and 2 cm distal to the EGJ, should be categorized as a distinct entity.

title: Is adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia a distinct entity independent of XXXX ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This post hoc analysis evaluated treatment-associated quality-adjusted survival (QAS) in @entity0 randomly assigned to @entity3 or interferon alfa (IFN-alfa), corrected for censoring using inverse probability weighting (IPW), in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) trial. METHODS: Follow-up was divided into 11 time intervals; Kaplan-Meier estimates for not being censored were estimated for each interval. The QAS for each interval was weighted by the inverse probability of not being censored in that interval. Overall treatment-associated QAS was calculated as the sum of the weighted QAS across all follow-up intervals. Differences in mean QAS between @entity3 and IFN-alfa were evaluated with t-statistics at a two-sided a = 0.05. RESULTS: In total, 416 @entity0 were randomly assigned to @entity3 (n = 209) or IFN-alfa (n = 207); 400 @entity0 were included in this analysis. Overall weighted mean (standard deviation) QAS during progression-free survival was 111.9 (5.3) days with @entity3 (n = 204) and 75.7 (6.3) days with IFN-alfa (n = 196). The mean weighted QAS difference of 36.2 days in favor of @entity3 was significant (p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS: One potential limitation is that the weights developed by the Kaplan-Meier estimates did not allow for covariates to be adjusted among treatment arms. Another possible limitation is that the @entity1 trial included @entity0 with @entity1 , and thus it cannot be conclusively determined how our findings would apply to @entity0 with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with poor-prognosis @entity1 treated with @entity3 had an incremental gain of 48% (36.2 days) in QAS compared with @entity0 treated with IFN-alfa.

title: Inverse probability weighting to control for censoring in a post hoc analysis of quality-adjusted survival data from a clinical trial of @entity3 for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This post hoc analysis evaluated treatment-associated quality-adjusted survival (QAS) in @entity0 randomly assigned to @entity3 or interferon alfa (IFN-alfa), corrected for censoring using inverse probability weighting (IPW), in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) trial. METHODS: Follow-up was divided into 11 time intervals; Kaplan-Meier estimates for not being censored were estimated for each interval. The QAS for each interval was weighted by the inverse probability of not being censored in that interval. Overall treatment-associated QAS was calculated as the sum of the weighted QAS across all follow-up intervals. Differences in mean QAS between @entity3 and IFN-alfa were evaluated with t-statistics at a two-sided a = 0.05. RESULTS: In total, 416 @entity0 were randomly assigned to @entity3 (n = 209) or IFN-alfa (n = 207); 400 @entity0 were included in this analysis. Overall weighted mean (standard deviation) QAS during progression-free survival was 111.9 (5.3) days with @entity3 (n = 204) and 75.7 (6.3) days with IFN-alfa (n = 196). The mean weighted QAS difference of 36.2 days in favor of @entity3 was significant (p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS: One potential limitation is that the weights developed by the Kaplan-Meier estimates did not allow for covariates to be adjusted among treatment arms. Another possible limitation is that the @entity1 trial included @entity0 with @entity1 , and thus it cannot be conclusively determined how our findings would apply to @entity0 with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with poor-prognosis @entity1 treated with @entity3 had an incremental gain of 48% (36.2 days) in QAS compared with @entity0 treated with IFN-alfa.

title: Inverse probability weighting to control for censoring in a post hoc analysis of quality-adjusted survival data from a clinical trial of XXXX for @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Minimally invasive spine surgery is increasingly used to treat various spinal pathologies with the goal of minimizing destruction of the surrounding tissues. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a rare but known complication of spine surgery, and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is in turn a potential complication of severe @entity6 . The authors report the first known case series of @entity6 and @entity3 following minimally invasive lateral spine surgery. The authors retrospectively reviewed data in all consecutive @entity0 who underwent a minimally invasive lateral transpsoas approach for interbody fusion with the subsequent development of @entity6 and @entity3 at 2 institutions between 2006 and 2009. Demographic variables, @entity0 home medications, preoperative laboratory values, and anesthetic used during the procedure were reviewed. All @entity0 data were recorded including the operative procedure, @entity0 positioning, postoperative hospital course, operative time, @entity2 , @entity4 phosphokinase (CPK), @entity5 , duration of hospital stay, and complications. Five of 315 consecutive @entity0 were identified with @entity6 and @entity3 after undergoing minimally invasive lateral transpsoas spine surgery. There were 4 @entity0 and 1 @entity0 with a mean age of 66 years (range 60-71 years). The mean body mass index was 31 kg/m2 and ranged from 25 to 40 kg/m2. Nineteen interbody levels had been fused, with a range of 3-6 levels per @entity0 . The mean operative time was 420 minutes and ranged from 315 to 600 minutes. The CPK ranged from 5000 to 56,000 U/L, with a mean of 25,861 U/L. Two of the 5 @entity0 required temporary hemodialysis, while 3 required only aggressive fluid resuscitation. The mean duration of the hospital stay was 12 days, with a range of 3-25 days. @entity6 is a rare but known potential complication of spine surgery. The authors describe the first case series associated with the minimally invasive lateral approach. Surgeons must be aware of the possibility of postoperative @entity6 and @entity3 , particularly in morbidly @entity1 @entity0 and in procedures associated with prolonged operative times.

title: @entity6 and XXXX following minimally invasive spine surgery: report of 5 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Minimally invasive spine surgery is increasingly used to treat various spinal pathologies with the goal of minimizing destruction of the surrounding tissues. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a rare but known complication of spine surgery, and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is in turn a potential complication of severe @entity6 . The authors report the first known case series of @entity6 and @entity3 following minimally invasive lateral spine surgery. The authors retrospectively reviewed data in all consecutive @entity0 who underwent a minimally invasive lateral transpsoas approach for interbody fusion with the subsequent development of @entity6 and @entity3 at 2 institutions between 2006 and 2009. Demographic variables, @entity0 home medications, preoperative laboratory values, and anesthetic used during the procedure were reviewed. All @entity0 data were recorded including the operative procedure, @entity0 positioning, postoperative hospital course, operative time, @entity2 , @entity4 phosphokinase (CPK), @entity5 , duration of hospital stay, and complications. Five of 315 consecutive @entity0 were identified with @entity6 and @entity3 after undergoing minimally invasive lateral transpsoas spine surgery. There were 4 @entity0 and 1 @entity0 with a mean age of 66 years (range 60-71 years). The mean body mass index was 31 kg/m2 and ranged from 25 to 40 kg/m2. Nineteen interbody levels had been fused, with a range of 3-6 levels per @entity0 . The mean operative time was 420 minutes and ranged from 315 to 600 minutes. The CPK ranged from 5000 to 56,000 U/L, with a mean of 25,861 U/L. Two of the 5 @entity0 required temporary hemodialysis, while 3 required only aggressive fluid resuscitation. The mean duration of the hospital stay was 12 days, with a range of 3-25 days. @entity6 is a rare but known potential complication of spine surgery. The authors describe the first case series associated with the minimally invasive lateral approach. Surgeons must be aware of the possibility of postoperative @entity6 and @entity3 , particularly in morbidly @entity1 @entity0 and in procedures associated with prolonged operative times.

title: XXXX and @entity3 following minimally invasive spine surgery: report of 5 cases.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity5 sampling has become an alternative to axillary lymph node dissection to provide prognostic and treatment information in @entity0 @entity1 . The role of immunohistochemistry has yet to be established. A total of 241 sentinel lymph nodes (in 270 slides) from 91 @entity1 with @entity3 (73 ductal, 9 lobular, 8 mixed lobular/ductal, 1 NOS) were studied for presence of macrometastases (> 0.2 cm), identified in @entity6 and @entity7 sections, and occult metastases (micrometastases [< or = 0.2 cm], clusters of cells, @entity3 cells), identified only by immunohistochemistry. Intraoperative touch preparations, frozen sections, seven @entity6 and @entity7 levels (L1-L7), and two @entity4 -3 cytokeratin immunohistochemistries (L1, L4-5) of the entire bisected or trisected sentinel lymph node were examined. Thirty-one (34%) @entity1 had 50 positive sentinel lymph nodes. Twenty-six (33%) sentinel lymph nodes had @entity3 (11 macrometastases, 11 micrometastases, 3 clusters of cells, 1 @entity3 cells) by touch preparations, frozen sections, and one @entity6 and @entity7 (L1). Thirty-eight (43%) were positive by @entity4 -3 immunohistochemistry (L1) (11 macrometastases, 8 micrometastases, 13 clusters of cells, 6 @entity3 cells), significantly more than by touch preparations, frozen sections, @entity6 and @entity7 L1, or @entity6 and @entity7 @entity8 . Cytokeratin immunostain on L4-5 demonstrated 31 (34%) positive sentinel lymph nodes, a similar frequency to cytokeratin immunostain on L1. Size of sentinel lymph node @entity2 did not correlate with size, histologic grade, or type of primary @entity0 . @entity4 -3 (L1) immunohistochemistry is highly sensitive in delineating sentinel lymph node @entity2 , especially clusters of cells and @entity3 cells. The prognostic significance of clusters of cells and @entity3 cells and the value of @entity4 -3 immunohistochemistry on frozen sections need to be determined.

title: Immunohistochemical evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 sampling has become an alternative to axillary lymph node dissection to provide prognostic and treatment information in @entity0 @entity1 . The role of immunohistochemistry has yet to be established. A total of 241 sentinel lymph nodes (in 270 slides) from 91 @entity1 with @entity3 (73 ductal, 9 lobular, 8 mixed lobular/ductal, 1 NOS) were studied for presence of macrometastases (> 0.2 cm), identified in @entity6 and @entity7 sections, and occult metastases (micrometastases [< or = 0.2 cm], clusters of cells, @entity3 cells), identified only by immunohistochemistry. Intraoperative touch preparations, frozen sections, seven @entity6 and @entity7 levels (L1-L7), and two @entity4 -3 cytokeratin immunohistochemistries (L1, L4-5) of the entire bisected or trisected sentinel lymph node were examined. Thirty-one (34%) @entity1 had 50 positive sentinel lymph nodes. Twenty-six (33%) sentinel lymph nodes had @entity3 (11 macrometastases, 11 micrometastases, 3 clusters of cells, 1 @entity3 cells) by touch preparations, frozen sections, and one @entity6 and @entity7 (L1). Thirty-eight (43%) were positive by @entity4 -3 immunohistochemistry (L1) (11 macrometastases, 8 micrometastases, 13 clusters of cells, 6 @entity3 cells), significantly more than by touch preparations, frozen sections, @entity6 and @entity7 L1, or @entity6 and @entity7 @entity8 . Cytokeratin immunostain on L4-5 demonstrated 31 (34%) positive sentinel lymph nodes, a similar frequency to cytokeratin immunostain on L1. Size of sentinel lymph node @entity2 did not correlate with size, histologic grade, or type of primary @entity0 . @entity4 -3 (L1) immunohistochemistry is highly sensitive in delineating sentinel lymph node @entity2 , especially clusters of cells and @entity3 cells. The prognostic significance of clusters of cells and @entity3 cells and the value of @entity4 -3 immunohistochemistry on frozen sections need to be determined.

title: Immunohistochemical evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: From 1989 to 2002, 9 @entity0 with @entity3 to lung underwent lung resections for curative removal of metastatic disease in our department. Disease free interval (DFI), number and size of @entity1 resected (at first metastasectomy), and number of metastasized regional lymph nodes were studied after resection of pulmonary @entity1 . DFI were 0 to 60 months with mean value of 23 months. At first operation, single @entity1 accounted for 4 cases and @entity2 more than 2 @entity1 accounted for 5 cases with mean value of 2.1. Maximal diameter of @entity1 was 10 to 50 mm with mean value of 24 mm. Regional lymph nodes @entity1 were demonstrated only 1 @entity0 in 2 of No. 12 lymph nodes adjacent to @entity1 . At subsequent relapse, 1 @entity0 had second-stage metastasectomy, 2 @entity0 went on to a third phase. Four @entity0 were lost, 2 are under treatment for newly relapsed lesions, and 3 are now free of @entity1 . Analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazards model of survival using these factors. Though lacking the statistical significance, only maximal diameter of @entity1 was prone to have influencing factor on prognosis. Survival was not related to DFI between 0 to 21 months and more than 21 months and numerous lung @entity1 between single metastasis and with 2 or more. In general, estimated survival rate of these @entity0 according to Kaplan-Meier was 0% at 67 months. Considering the above results, surgical treatment for @entity0 with @entity3 to lung should be planned carefully.

title: [Consideration of the prognostic factors influencing survival after lung metastasectomy of XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of oral malodor in a group of health cohorts in Chengdu, China by using different diagnostic methods. METHODS: Volatile @entity1 compounds (VSCs) level was evaluated by using Halimeter. The organoleptic score and @entity2 index were also evaluated. A questionnaire interview was conducted at the same time. RESULTS: There were 21.61% subjects whose oral VSCs level were more than 300 ppb. No significant difference was found between male and female for the VSCs values. The subjects with malodor (score > or = 6) evaluated by organoleptic score were 28.91%, and the difference between the male and female was significant (P < 0.05). Further, a significant correlation could be detected between the VSCs level, organoleptic score and @entity2 index (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study indicates that nearly one of fourth @entity0 suffer from oral malodor. Malodor has significant correlation with @entity2 , so cleaning of tongue dorsum is very important to reduce oral malodor.

title: [Levels of volatile XXXX compounds and the analysis of related factors in oral cavities of 384 health subjects in Chengdu].

answer: @entity1


abstract: A series of experiments has been carried out in order to characterize a miniannular phased array applicator prior to possible clinical implementation. The energy deposition patterns over the frequency range of 100 to 200 MHz were determined in several @entity0 limb models of different complexities by measuring the electric field strength patterns. The point of maximum energy deposition within a homogeneous, muscle-equivalent cylindrical phantom positioned coaxially within the @entity2 was found to be at the center of the applicator. The energy deposition patterns seem to be more uniform at the lower frequencies. Inclusion of a cylindrical bone-equivalent phantom positioned coaxially with this muscle-equivalent phantom does not seem to significantly alter the energy deposition patterns in the muscle-equivalent region. For more realistically shaped, homogeneous muscle-equivalent limb models, the resulting energy deposition patterns appear to be confined mostly to the intended treatment region. However, the point of maximum energy deposition was not at the middle of the applicator as with the cylindrical model, but shifted towards a smaller cross-sectional region. This shift in location of the point of maximum energy deposition varies with the location of the @entity2 on the limb. A secondary region of high-field strength was also observed at the ankle for a @entity2 centered about the knee. In this study, the energy deposition patterns appear to be significantly dependent on the shape of the model. Therefore, this factor must be taken into consideration for the proper prediction and control of the heating patterns resulting from the use of this type of applicator for clinical @entity1 treatment.

title: Experimental characterization of the miniannular phased array as a XXXX applicator.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite an early-stage diagnosis, @entity1 presenting with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or malignant pleural lavage cytology (PLC) has a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to correlate @entity2 to malignant PLC. METHODS: One hundred forty-three consecutive @entity0 scheduled for surgical lung resection having undergone preresectional pleural lavage cytology were reviewed. There were 121 malignant and 22 nonmalignant lesions. All cases were studied by pathology, histology, previous transthoracic puncture, @entity2 , and presence of pleural lymphatic involvement. RESULTS: PLC was positive (n = 13) or suspected (n = 5) for malignant cells in, respectively, 10.7% and 4.1% of @entity0 with @entity1 . There was no positive PLC in cases of nonmalignant disease. PLC was positive only in pT2 @entity3 and almost always when the @entity3 was exposed on the pleural surface, thus possibly exfoliating within the pleural space (12/17 @entity0 , 70.6%; p < 0.01). Positive PLC was obtained whatever the histology but did not appear related to previous transthoracic puncture or involvement of pleural lymphatics by @entity3 cells. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 and positive PLC are linked, and the appearance of @entity3 cells within the @entity4 can be explained by @entity3 desquamation. The role that visceral pleura involvement and parietal pleura reabsorption play in @entity1 is of paramount importance and deserves further research. A better understanding of their relationship could have major implications in the therapeutic management of @entity5 .

title: Visceral pleura invasion and pleural lavage @entity3 cytology by XXXX : a prospective appraisal.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite an early-stage diagnosis, @entity1 presenting with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or malignant pleural lavage cytology (PLC) has a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to correlate @entity2 to malignant PLC. METHODS: One hundred forty-three consecutive @entity0 scheduled for surgical lung resection having undergone preresectional pleural lavage cytology were reviewed. There were 121 malignant and 22 nonmalignant lesions. All cases were studied by pathology, histology, previous transthoracic puncture, @entity2 , and presence of pleural lymphatic involvement. RESULTS: PLC was positive (n = 13) or suspected (n = 5) for malignant cells in, respectively, 10.7% and 4.1% of @entity0 with @entity1 . There was no positive PLC in cases of nonmalignant disease. PLC was positive only in pT2 @entity3 and almost always when the @entity3 was exposed on the pleural surface, thus possibly exfoliating within the pleural space (12/17 @entity0 , 70.6%; p < 0.01). Positive PLC was obtained whatever the histology but did not appear related to previous transthoracic puncture or involvement of pleural lymphatics by @entity3 cells. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 and positive PLC are linked, and the appearance of @entity3 cells within the @entity4 can be explained by @entity3 desquamation. The role that visceral pleura involvement and parietal pleura reabsorption play in @entity1 is of paramount importance and deserves further research. A better understanding of their relationship could have major implications in the therapeutic management of @entity5 .

title: Visceral pleura invasion and pleural lavage XXXX cytology by @entity1 : a prospective appraisal.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PROBLEM: Little is known about the role of peritoneal fibroblasts in adhesion formation. This study determines the effect of @entity2 and @entity6 treatment on the expression of @entity6 -3 and TGF-betaI and betaII receptors in @entity0 peritoneal fibroblasts (HPF). TGF-beta isoforms and their receptors have been implicated as mediators of the healing process and adhesion development. METHODS: HPF were cultured under normal and @entity2 , and treated with and without (1 ng/mL) @entity6 for 24 hr. Total RNA from each group was subjected to multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) to quantitate @entity6 -3 and TGF-betaI and betaII receptors messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. RESULTS: @entity2 resulted in a significant increase in @entity6 (26%; P < 0.05), TGF-betaIR (34%; P < 0.05) and TGF-betaIIR (29%; P < 0.05) mRNA levels, with no effect on @entity7 or @entity3 . @entity6 treatment resulted in a significant increase in @entity6 (35%; P < 0.05), but a decrease in @entity7 (22%; P < 0.05) and no effect on @entity4 , TGF-betaIR or TGF-betaIIR. Combined treatment of @entity2 and @entity6 caused a significant increase in @entity6 (37%; P < 0.05), @entity7 (12%; P < 0.05), TGF-betaIR (32%; P < 0.05) and TGF-betaIIR (34%; P < 0.05). There is no significant change in the mRNA levels of @entity4 in any of the treatments. CONCLUSION: @entity2 and @entity6 treatments of cultured HPF modulate the expression of @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity3 increasing the ratio of @entity6 and @entity5 to @entity3 , thus favoring the development of @entity1 .

title: Transforming growth factors beta1, @entity5 and @entity3 and their receptors are differentially expressed in @entity0 peritoneal fibroblasts in response to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PROBLEM: Little is known about the role of peritoneal fibroblasts in adhesion formation. This study determines the effect of @entity2 and @entity6 treatment on the expression of @entity6 -3 and TGF-betaI and betaII receptors in @entity0 peritoneal fibroblasts (HPF). TGF-beta isoforms and their receptors have been implicated as mediators of the healing process and adhesion development. METHODS: HPF were cultured under normal and @entity2 , and treated with and without (1 ng/mL) @entity6 for 24 hr. Total RNA from each group was subjected to multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) to quantitate @entity6 -3 and TGF-betaI and betaII receptors messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. RESULTS: @entity2 resulted in a significant increase in @entity6 (26%; P < 0.05), TGF-betaIR (34%; P < 0.05) and TGF-betaIIR (29%; P < 0.05) mRNA levels, with no effect on @entity7 or @entity3 . @entity6 treatment resulted in a significant increase in @entity6 (35%; P < 0.05), but a decrease in @entity7 (22%; P < 0.05) and no effect on @entity4 , TGF-betaIR or TGF-betaIIR. Combined treatment of @entity2 and @entity6 caused a significant increase in @entity6 (37%; P < 0.05), @entity7 (12%; P < 0.05), TGF-betaIR (32%; P < 0.05) and TGF-betaIIR (34%; P < 0.05). There is no significant change in the mRNA levels of @entity4 in any of the treatments. CONCLUSION: @entity2 and @entity6 treatments of cultured HPF modulate the expression of @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity3 increasing the ratio of @entity6 and @entity5 to @entity3 , thus favoring the development of @entity1 .

title: Transforming growth factors beta1, XXXX and @entity3 and their receptors are differentially expressed in @entity0 peritoneal fibroblasts in response to @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PROBLEM: Little is known about the role of peritoneal fibroblasts in adhesion formation. This study determines the effect of @entity2 and @entity6 treatment on the expression of @entity6 -3 and TGF-betaI and betaII receptors in @entity0 peritoneal fibroblasts (HPF). TGF-beta isoforms and their receptors have been implicated as mediators of the healing process and adhesion development. METHODS: HPF were cultured under normal and @entity2 , and treated with and without (1 ng/mL) @entity6 for 24 hr. Total RNA from each group was subjected to multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) to quantitate @entity6 -3 and TGF-betaI and betaII receptors messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. RESULTS: @entity2 resulted in a significant increase in @entity6 (26%; P < 0.05), TGF-betaIR (34%; P < 0.05) and TGF-betaIIR (29%; P < 0.05) mRNA levels, with no effect on @entity7 or @entity3 . @entity6 treatment resulted in a significant increase in @entity6 (35%; P < 0.05), but a decrease in @entity7 (22%; P < 0.05) and no effect on @entity4 , TGF-betaIR or TGF-betaIIR. Combined treatment of @entity2 and @entity6 caused a significant increase in @entity6 (37%; P < 0.05), @entity7 (12%; P < 0.05), TGF-betaIR (32%; P < 0.05) and TGF-betaIIR (34%; P < 0.05). There is no significant change in the mRNA levels of @entity4 in any of the treatments. CONCLUSION: @entity2 and @entity6 treatments of cultured HPF modulate the expression of @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity3 increasing the ratio of @entity6 and @entity5 to @entity3 , thus favoring the development of @entity1 .

title: Transforming growth factors beta1, @entity5 and XXXX and their receptors are differentially expressed in @entity0 peritoneal fibroblasts in response to @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PROBLEM: Little is known about the role of peritoneal fibroblasts in adhesion formation. This study determines the effect of @entity2 and @entity6 treatment on the expression of @entity6 -3 and TGF-betaI and betaII receptors in @entity0 peritoneal fibroblasts (HPF). TGF-beta isoforms and their receptors have been implicated as mediators of the healing process and adhesion development. METHODS: HPF were cultured under normal and @entity2 , and treated with and without (1 ng/mL) @entity6 for 24 hr. Total RNA from each group was subjected to multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) to quantitate @entity6 -3 and TGF-betaI and betaII receptors messenger RNA (mRNA) levels. RESULTS: @entity2 resulted in a significant increase in @entity6 (26%; P < 0.05), TGF-betaIR (34%; P < 0.05) and TGF-betaIIR (29%; P < 0.05) mRNA levels, with no effect on @entity7 or @entity3 . @entity6 treatment resulted in a significant increase in @entity6 (35%; P < 0.05), but a decrease in @entity7 (22%; P < 0.05) and no effect on @entity4 , TGF-betaIR or TGF-betaIIR. Combined treatment of @entity2 and @entity6 caused a significant increase in @entity6 (37%; P < 0.05), @entity7 (12%; P < 0.05), TGF-betaIR (32%; P < 0.05) and TGF-betaIIR (34%; P < 0.05). There is no significant change in the mRNA levels of @entity4 in any of the treatments. CONCLUSION: @entity2 and @entity6 treatments of cultured HPF modulate the expression of @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity3 increasing the ratio of @entity6 and @entity5 to @entity3 , thus favoring the development of @entity1 .

title: Transforming growth factors beta1, @entity5 and @entity3 and their receptors are differentially expressed in XXXX peritoneal fibroblasts in response to @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Successful treatment of destructive @entity8 with annular @entity6 formation requires extensive surgical debridement and reconstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract and aortic root. Homograft aortic roots are the conduits of choice, but because they are not available in all cases, alternative conduits are needed. METHODS: Owing to its features, which are comparable to those of homografts, the Freestyle aortic root xenograft was used in 10 consecutive @entity0 aged between 32 and 77 years. All @entity0 had extensive @entity6 formation, 5 presented with @entity4 , 2 had additional mitral @entity4 requiring partial leaflet resection and reconstruction, 1 @entity0 had an additional @entity3 into the right atrium, and 1 required coronary bypass. One @entity0 developed a septic @entity11 and @entity3 into the right atrium with @entity9 . RESULTS: None of the @entity0 required reoperation for @entity5 . Two (20%) @entity0 died in the postoperative period, 1 due to @entity2 , and 1 due to preexisting invasive @entity1 . At autopsy, neither had evidence of intrapericardial @entity10 or suture dehiscence. One @entity0 died 13 months postoperatively without clinical signs of @entity4 or recurrent @entity7 . All other @entity0 are well at 12 to 42 months after surgery. Clinical examination and echocardiography at the most recent follow-up showed no signs of @entity4 , recurrent fistulation, or @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: The Freestyle aortic root appears to be an acceptable alternative to homografts in the treatment of severe @entity7 . Long-term valve durability in younger @entity0 , however, remains to be determined.

title: Treatment of destructive XXXX with the Freestyle Aortic Root Bioprosthesis.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is defined as a continuing @entity1 characterised by irreversible morphological changes, often associated with @entity2 and with the loss of exocrine and/or endocrine function that may be clinically relevant. @entity3 is the predominant cause of @entity7 in the western world and is particularly prevalent in South Africa, especially in the indigent @entity0 . @entity7 ranks high among intractable diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The tendency for @entity5 in the @entity3 -induced group poses major @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: @entity7 is a disease with significant clinical and pathological heterogeneity. Level 1 evidence to support definitive guidelines for diagnosis, medical management and interventional therapy is lacking. Despite this paucity of robust scientific evidence, it is important to provide some assistance based on the best available evidence as to the current standard of care for @entity7 in the South African context; this will aid all involved in the management of the disease, and includes clinicians, health care managers and funders. SCOPE: The guidelines were developed as recommendations addressing the diagnosis, medical management and interventions, both endoscopic and surgical, for the management of a very complex and @entity6 . The recommendations are particularly relevant in the South African context where the predominant patho-aetiological agents are @entity3 -associated with smoking. RECOMMENDATIONS: The guidelines provide clear recommendations regarding the diagnostic modalities available, both imaging (which includes MRI and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)) and pancreatic function tests. The section on medical management makes recommendations on the use of analgesics, enzyme replacement and other therapeutic options in the non-interventional management of the majority of @entity0 with @entity7 . The section on interventional procedures identifies the indications and options available for the interventional management of both uncomplicated and complicated @entity7 . The role of endoscopic and surgical modalities is defined, but it is in this context especially that the best available evidence, combined with the experience of the group, influenced the recommendations put forward. Owing to the lack of evidence and the complexity of the disease, it is recommended that, where possible, @entity7 is managed in the context of a multidisciplinary team. VALIDATION: The guidelines are based on best practice principles determined by the available evidence and the opinions of the group, which comprised 7 medical and surgical gastroenterologists with significant experience in dealing with @entity0 with chronic @entity6 in the South African context. The group convened between May 2009 and August 2010 under the auspices of the Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Association of South Africa (HPBASA) and the South African Gastroenterology Society (SAGES), and the guidelines are the result of broad consensus within this group. The draft was presented to other experts in this field of endeavour to ensure broader participation and consensus. PLANS FOR GUIDELINE REVISION: HPBASA and SAGES will publish a revised modification of the recommendations when new levels 1 and 2 evidence data are published.

title: Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The present experiments aimed to characterize the visual performance of subjects with long-standing, unilateral @entity2 when walking in a naturalistic, virtual environment. Under static, seated testing conditions, cortically blind subjects are known to exhibit compensatory eye movement strategies. However, they still complain of significant @entity0 during navigation. To assess whether this is due to a change in compensatory eye movement strategy between sitting and walking, we measured eye and @entity1 in subjects asked to detect peripherally-presented, moving basketballs. When seated, cortically blind subjects detected    80% of balls, while controls detected almost all balls. Seated blind subjects did not make larger @entity1 than controls, but they consistently biased their fixation distribution towards their blind hemifield. When walking, @entity1 were similar in the two groups, but the fixation bias decreased to the point that fixation distribution in cortically blind subjects became similar to that in controls - with one major exception: at the time of basketball appearance, walking controls looked primarily at the far ground, in upper quadrants of the virtual field of view; cortically blind subjects looked significantly more at the near ground, in lower quadrants of the virtual field. @entity2 subjects detected only 58% of the balls when walking while controls detected    90%. Thus, the adaptive gaze strategies adopted by cortically blind individuals as a compensation for their @entity0 are strongest and most effective when seated and stationary. Walking significantly alters these gaze strategies in a way that seems to favor walking performance, but impairs peripheral target detection. It is possible that this impairment underlies the experienced difficulty of those with @entity2 when navigating in real life.

title: Differential impact of partial XXXX on gaze strategies when sitting and walking - an immersive virtual reality study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Combined measurements of @entity3 and auditory brainstem response (ABR) in live @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are reported in this paper. The @entity2 model was created by injecting saline into the middle ear cavity. Vibrations of the tympanic membrane (TM), the tip of the incus, and the round window membrane (RWM) were measured with a laser vibrometer at frequencies of 0.2-40  kHz when the middle ear fluid increased from 0 to 0.2  ml (i.e., full fill of the cavity). The click and pure tone ABRs were recorded as the middle ear fluid increased. Fluid introduction reduced mobility of the TM, incus and RWM mainly at high frequencies (f  >  1  kHz). The magnitude of this reduction was related to the volume of fluid. The displacement transmission ratio of the TM to incus varied with frequency and fluid level. The volume displacement ratio of the oval window to round window was approximately 1.0 over most frequencies. Elevation of ABR thresholds and prolongation of ABR latencies were observed as fluid level increased. Reduction of TM displacement correlated well with elevation of ABR threshold at 0.5-8  kHz. Alterations in the ratio of @entity1 before and after fluid induction are consistent with fluid-induced changes in complex ossicular motions.

title: Effect of middle ear fluid on sound transmission and auditory brainstem response in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all @entity1 in adults. However, they are relatively more common in childhood and constitute 1.5 to 4% of @entity1 . They are most often located in the lateral ventricle, followed by the fourth and third ventricles and, rarely, in the cerebellopontine angle. Bilateral lateral ventricle @entity7 is very rare and only a few cases has been reported. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 3-year-old @entity0 was admitted to our hospital with a history of @entity3 and @entity4 . Neurological examination on admission was normal. A head computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed @entity1 in both lateral ventricles, @entity6 and a left temporal @entity2 . The bilateral intraventricular mass enhanced densely and homogeneously. A presumptive diagnosis of @entity7 was made. INTERPRETATION: The initial surgery was performed for removal of the lesion in the right lateral ventricle, and 20 days later removal of the left @entity1 was carried out. @entity1 was performed. @entity6 was controlled by total @entity1 resection from both sides. The histology of these @entity1 was the same and revealed @entity7 . Interpretation: Bilateral @entity7 is extremely rare and distinct from diffuse villous @entity5 and their surgical approaches are different from each other. Differential diagnosis should be made by MRI preoperatively. If bilateral @entity7 is detected, total surgical resection should be performed. Total surgical @entity1 not only cures the @entity1 but also may lead to complete resolution of the @entity6 .

title: XXXX of bilateral lateral ventricle.

answer: @entity7


abstract: A 20-year-old @entity0 with the complaints of malaise, fever, and tooth gum bleeding presented at a hospital. He was found to have generalized @entity6 , @entity3 , and @entity2 . Ensuing bone marrow biopsy led to a diagnosis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). He also had a sense of "facial stretching" and difficulty during eating. After clinical examination, he was diagnosed with right-sided peripheral type @entity7 ( @entity8 ). The magnetic resonance imaging studies demonstrated bilateral facial nerve involvement, predominantly on the right side. The @entity0 received @entity1 treatment and local facial radiotherapy for @entity8 . A concurrent facial exercise program was ordered. Seemingly a less significant diagnosis in a @entity5 @entity0 , we considered our case notable since an @entity4 @entity0 presenting with @entity8 , especially at the very beginning of the disease, is not that common. The cases of relapsing @entity4 reported in the literature initially presenting with the same scenario further strengthen the significance.

title: @entity8 as an early manifestation of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A 20-year-old @entity0 with the complaints of malaise, fever, and tooth gum bleeding presented at a hospital. He was found to have generalized @entity6 , @entity3 , and @entity2 . Ensuing bone marrow biopsy led to a diagnosis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). He also had a sense of "facial stretching" and difficulty during eating. After clinical examination, he was diagnosed with right-sided peripheral type @entity7 ( @entity8 ). The magnetic resonance imaging studies demonstrated bilateral facial nerve involvement, predominantly on the right side. The @entity0 received @entity1 treatment and local facial radiotherapy for @entity8 . A concurrent facial exercise program was ordered. Seemingly a less significant diagnosis in a @entity5 @entity0 , we considered our case notable since an @entity4 @entity0 presenting with @entity8 , especially at the very beginning of the disease, is not that common. The cases of relapsing @entity4 reported in the literature initially presenting with the same scenario further strengthen the significance.

title: XXXX as an early manifestation of @entity4 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity3 addition to soil at a remediation site was observed to sufficiently reduce @entity1 levels, but the cause of the removal could not be confirmed with the field data collected. Potential mechanisms for @entity2 treatment of @entity0 ( @entity1 ) in soil include degradation and volatilization. Since earlier studies found @entity1 degradation to occur during the hydration of @entity2 under conditions where volatilization was limited, research was conducted on mechanisms of @entity1 removal from soil by @entity2 application under conditions where volatilization was allowed to occur. @entity1 volatilization in soil treated with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20% @entity2 doses was measured in experiments where the degree of volatilization could be tracked. The total @entity1 removal from soil spiked with @entity1 at @entity2 doses from 5% to 20% ranged from 97% to 99% of the initial @entity1 mass. Volatilization accounted for 64.4-92.5% of the @entity1 removal, with unrecovered @entity1 and @entity1 degradation accounting for the remaining fraction. The greater heat encountered with higher @entity2 doses helped minimize obstacles to @entity1 volatilization, such as high soil organic and clay content. Treatment with a 20% @entity2 dose, however, led to the formation of byproducts such as @entity4 . @entity1 degradation to @entity4 at the 20% @entity2 dose ranged from 2.7% to 6.4% of the initial @entity1 . Volatilization was concluded to be the dominant process for @entity1 removal from soil during @entity2 treatment.

title: Removal of @entity0 from soil using the hydration of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 addition to soil at a remediation site was observed to sufficiently reduce @entity1 levels, but the cause of the removal could not be confirmed with the field data collected. Potential mechanisms for @entity2 treatment of @entity0 ( @entity1 ) in soil include degradation and volatilization. Since earlier studies found @entity1 degradation to occur during the hydration of @entity2 under conditions where volatilization was limited, research was conducted on mechanisms of @entity1 removal from soil by @entity2 application under conditions where volatilization was allowed to occur. @entity1 volatilization in soil treated with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20% @entity2 doses was measured in experiments where the degree of volatilization could be tracked. The total @entity1 removal from soil spiked with @entity1 at @entity2 doses from 5% to 20% ranged from 97% to 99% of the initial @entity1 mass. Volatilization accounted for 64.4-92.5% of the @entity1 removal, with unrecovered @entity1 and @entity1 degradation accounting for the remaining fraction. The greater heat encountered with higher @entity2 doses helped minimize obstacles to @entity1 volatilization, such as high soil organic and clay content. Treatment with a 20% @entity2 dose, however, led to the formation of byproducts such as @entity4 . @entity1 degradation to @entity4 at the 20% @entity2 dose ranged from 2.7% to 6.4% of the initial @entity1 . Volatilization was concluded to be the dominant process for @entity1 removal from soil during @entity2 treatment.

title: Removal of XXXX from soil using the hydration of @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Two issues are examined: 1. Does comorbidity in @entity1 interfere with the longitudinal outcome? 2. Is adult @entity1 a clinical reality. It seems that marked impairment in @entity1 @entity0 social functioning ( @entity4 , @entity2 , destructive behavior) is a significant predictor of @entity3 (substance use disorders, @entity5 and even criminality). Adult @entity1 seems to be a reality, but much less frequent than in youths. Impulsivity, @entity1 , and emotional status are the main characters of the syndrome. We have no data leading to the responsibility of psychostimulant treatment in substance use disorders in teenage or adulthood. Implications of early versus late onset of @entity1 symptoms are not clear. Early onset (before 7) seems to be associated with worse clinical outcomes.

title: [Outcome of hyperactive XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The endocannabinoid @entity6 ( @entity8 ) is a known modulator of @entity1 . Despite its high concentration in vascular tissue, the role of @entity8 in atherogenesis has not yet been examined. METHODS: @entity5 -deficient @entity0 were sublethally irradiated and reconstituted with bone marrow from @entity0 with a myeloid-specific knockout of the @entity8 synthesising enzyme @entity4 lipase a ( @entity10 ) or control bone marrow with an intact @entity8 biosynthesis. After a @entity2 -rich diet for 8 weeks, plaque size and plaque morphology were examined in chimeric @entity0 . Circulating inflammatory cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Aortic tissue and plasma levels of endocannabinoids were measured using liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity10 -deficient bone marrow and circulating myeloid cells showed a significantly reduced plaque burden compared to controls. The reduction in plaque size was accompanied by a significantly diminished accumulation of both neutrophil granulocytes and macrophages in @entity3 of @entity10 -deficient @entity0 . Moreover, @entity9 expression and the amount of oxidised LDL within @entity3 was significantly reduced. @entity7 analyses revealed that levels of circulating inflammatory cells were unaltered in @entity10 -deficient @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Myeloid synthesis of the endocannabinoid @entity8 appears to promote @entity1 and atherogenesis. Thus, myeloid-specific disruption of @entity8 synthesis may represent a potential novel therapeutic strategy against @entity3 .

title: Myeloid-Specific Deletion of XXXX Lipase a Inhibits Atherogenesis in @entity5 -Deficient @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The endocannabinoid @entity6 ( @entity8 ) is a known modulator of @entity1 . Despite its high concentration in vascular tissue, the role of @entity8 in atherogenesis has not yet been examined. METHODS: @entity5 -deficient @entity0 were sublethally irradiated and reconstituted with bone marrow from @entity0 with a myeloid-specific knockout of the @entity8 synthesising enzyme @entity4 lipase a ( @entity10 ) or control bone marrow with an intact @entity8 biosynthesis. After a @entity2 -rich diet for 8 weeks, plaque size and plaque morphology were examined in chimeric @entity0 . Circulating inflammatory cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Aortic tissue and plasma levels of endocannabinoids were measured using liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity10 -deficient bone marrow and circulating myeloid cells showed a significantly reduced plaque burden compared to controls. The reduction in plaque size was accompanied by a significantly diminished accumulation of both neutrophil granulocytes and macrophages in @entity3 of @entity10 -deficient @entity0 . Moreover, @entity9 expression and the amount of oxidised LDL within @entity3 was significantly reduced. @entity7 analyses revealed that levels of circulating inflammatory cells were unaltered in @entity10 -deficient @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Myeloid synthesis of the endocannabinoid @entity8 appears to promote @entity1 and atherogenesis. Thus, myeloid-specific disruption of @entity8 synthesis may represent a potential novel therapeutic strategy against @entity3 .

title: Myeloid-Specific Deletion of @entity4 Lipase a Inhibits Atherogenesis in XXXX -Deficient @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The endocannabinoid @entity6 ( @entity8 ) is a known modulator of @entity1 . Despite its high concentration in vascular tissue, the role of @entity8 in atherogenesis has not yet been examined. METHODS: @entity5 -deficient @entity0 were sublethally irradiated and reconstituted with bone marrow from @entity0 with a myeloid-specific knockout of the @entity8 synthesising enzyme @entity4 lipase a ( @entity10 ) or control bone marrow with an intact @entity8 biosynthesis. After a @entity2 -rich diet for 8 weeks, plaque size and plaque morphology were examined in chimeric @entity0 . Circulating inflammatory cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Aortic tissue and plasma levels of endocannabinoids were measured using liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity10 -deficient bone marrow and circulating myeloid cells showed a significantly reduced plaque burden compared to controls. The reduction in plaque size was accompanied by a significantly diminished accumulation of both neutrophil granulocytes and macrophages in @entity3 of @entity10 -deficient @entity0 . Moreover, @entity9 expression and the amount of oxidised LDL within @entity3 was significantly reduced. @entity7 analyses revealed that levels of circulating inflammatory cells were unaltered in @entity10 -deficient @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Myeloid synthesis of the endocannabinoid @entity8 appears to promote @entity1 and atherogenesis. Thus, myeloid-specific disruption of @entity8 synthesis may represent a potential novel therapeutic strategy against @entity3 .

title: Myeloid-Specific Deletion of @entity4 Lipase a Inhibits Atherogenesis in @entity5 -Deficient XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of motor-control analysis with dynamic electromyography on surgical planning in @entity0 with spastic @entity2 . DESIGN: Prospective observational design. SETTING: A @entity3 Model Systems-affiliated specialty referral center for the evaluation and treatment of mobility problems associated with @entity1 and disease. @entity0 : Twenty-one @entity0 with spastic @entity2 . INTERVENTIONS: Two surgeons each formulated a detailed surgical plan for each individual muscle-tendon unit. @entity0 then underwent motor-control analysis in which kinetic and polyelectromyographic data were collected by using a standard protocol. Each surgeon formulated another surgical plan after independently reviewing the laboratory study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The frequency of change and degree of agreement in the surgical plans after review of the laboratory data were used as measures of the effect of the laboratory studies. RESULTS: Fifty-seven percent of the surgical plans were changed after the motor-control study. The frequency of change did not differ by clinical experience. There was a trend toward higher agreement between surgeons after the study than before. CONCLUSIONS: Detailed electromyographic motor-control analysis alters surgical planning for @entity0 with spastic @entity2 . Clinical assessment alone does not accurately identify the muscles responsible for the @entity2 . More clinical experience does not result in greater accuracy. Motor-control analysis produces higher agreement between surgeons in planning surgery.

title: The influence of dynamic polyelectromyography in formulating a surgical plan in treatment of spastic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although different hypotheses have been formulated to explain @entity1 pathogenesis, the links between them are weak. The observation that five @entity2 @entity0 on chronic @entity4 therapy for @entity3 showed long-term remission of @entity2 made us suspect that abnormalities in the coagulation pathway, specifically low @entity5 ( @entity5 ) activity, could be one of the missing links. Our hypothesis is supported by a high prevalence of conditions affecting @entity5 activity in drug-naive @entity1 , such as antiphospholipid antibodies, elevated cytokine levels, @entity6 and @entity7 . We recently screened a group of @entity1 @entity0 and controls for conditions affecting @entity5 activity. @entity8 was highly prevalent among @entity0 , but not found in controls. Free-protein S and functional protein C are natural anticoagulants that form complexes that inhibit @entity5 inhibitors. All @entity0 had normal protein C levels, suggesting that protein S could have a role in @entity1 , independent of protein C. Chronic @entity0 and those studied during acute episodes had between three and six conditions affecting @entity5 and/or protein S activity, while @entity0 in remission had up to two, which led us to postulate that multiple conditions affecting @entity5 and/or protein S activity could contribute to the full expression of @entity1 phenotype. This paper describes the physiological roles of @entity5 and protein S, reviewing how their activity influences pathogenesis and comorbidity of @entity1 . Next, it analyzes how activity of @entity5 and protein S is influenced by biochemical abnormalities found in @entity1 . Last, it suggests future directions for research, such as studies on animal models and on therapeutic approaches for @entity1 aiming at increasing @entity5 and protein S activity.

title: Dysfunction in the coagulation system and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Spontaneous @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of the external carotid system is very rare. We successfully treated such a case by the detachable balloon method. The @entity0 , a 2-year-and-9-month-old female who has no history of @entity1 had a pulsating mass at her right retroauricular region six months after birth. On admission to our clinic she was neurologically free except the pulsating mass (2 X 3 cm) with bruit and thrill. Selective right external carotid angiography revealed a high-flow simple @entity5 from internal maxillary artery to jugular vein. The normal blood flow of both the external and internal carotid system was decreased. Under local anesthesia, non-detachable balloon catheter was inserted to the internal maxillary artery by the transfemoral approach and inflated at the proximal side of the orifice of @entity5 until the vascular murmur in the @entity2 disappeared. The balloon catheter was then exchanged with a detachable balloon catheter (Debrun, No. 9) which was inflated by @entity4 (0.4 ml), and was detached successfully. Follow-up angiography 1 year after the treatment revealed no recurrence of the @entity3 and almost branches of external carotid artery such as middle meningeal artery, occipital artery, superficial temporal artery and facial artery were clearly seen.

title: [Spontaneous arteriovenous XXXX of the external carotid artery treated by a detachable balloon--a case report].

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the results of the Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies ( @entity2 84 and 89) of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) in males with nonmetastatic @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1984 to 1994, 96 males were treated in SIOP protocols. Radical inguinal orchidectomy was recommended, but initial retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was not performed. Disease was staged according to the SIOP @entity1 -node-metastasis staging system. Treatment was stratified by stage. In the @entity2 89 study, males with completely resected @entity1 at diagnosis received less chemotherapy ( @entity6 and @entity7 ) than @entity0 in the @entity2 84 study ( @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity7 ). RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 65 months. Thirty-one @entity1 were larger than 5 cm, and 13 males were older than 10 years with a @entity1 larger than 5 cm. At a median follow-up of 7 years, 87 @entity0 were alive; 79 were in first complete remission and eight were in second complete remission. Relapse occurred in 16 @entity0 (17%). At 5 years, the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) rate was 92%, with an event-free survival (EFS) rate of 82%. @entity5 and EFS were significantly worse for males with @entity1 greater than 5 cm and for males older than 10 years at diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Males with paratesticular RMS have an excellent prognosis except for a selected group of @entity0 older than 10 years or with @entity1 greater than 5 cm. Intensified chemotherapy incorporating alkylating agents for this subgroup may be preferred to the use of systematic lymphadenectomy to improve survival while minimizing the burden of therapy.

title: Treatment of @entity0 with nonmetastatic @entity3 : results of the Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies ( XXXX 84 and @entity2 89) of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the results of the Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies ( @entity2 84 and 89) of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) in males with nonmetastatic @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1984 to 1994, 96 males were treated in SIOP protocols. Radical inguinal orchidectomy was recommended, but initial retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was not performed. Disease was staged according to the SIOP @entity1 -node-metastasis staging system. Treatment was stratified by stage. In the @entity2 89 study, males with completely resected @entity1 at diagnosis received less chemotherapy ( @entity6 and @entity7 ) than @entity0 in the @entity2 84 study ( @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity7 ). RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 65 months. Thirty-one @entity1 were larger than 5 cm, and 13 males were older than 10 years with a @entity1 larger than 5 cm. At a median follow-up of 7 years, 87 @entity0 were alive; 79 were in first complete remission and eight were in second complete remission. Relapse occurred in 16 @entity0 (17%). At 5 years, the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) rate was 92%, with an event-free survival (EFS) rate of 82%. @entity5 and EFS were significantly worse for males with @entity1 greater than 5 cm and for males older than 10 years at diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Males with paratesticular RMS have an excellent prognosis except for a selected group of @entity0 older than 10 years or with @entity1 greater than 5 cm. Intensified chemotherapy incorporating alkylating agents for this subgroup may be preferred to the use of systematic lymphadenectomy to improve survival while minimizing the burden of therapy.

title: Treatment of @entity0 with nonmetastatic @entity3 : results of the Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies ( @entity2 84 and XXXX 89) of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the results of the Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies ( @entity2 84 and 89) of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) in males with nonmetastatic @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1984 to 1994, 96 males were treated in SIOP protocols. Radical inguinal orchidectomy was recommended, but initial retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was not performed. Disease was staged according to the SIOP @entity1 -node-metastasis staging system. Treatment was stratified by stage. In the @entity2 89 study, males with completely resected @entity1 at diagnosis received less chemotherapy ( @entity6 and @entity7 ) than @entity0 in the @entity2 84 study ( @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity7 ). RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 65 months. Thirty-one @entity1 were larger than 5 cm, and 13 males were older than 10 years with a @entity1 larger than 5 cm. At a median follow-up of 7 years, 87 @entity0 were alive; 79 were in first complete remission and eight were in second complete remission. Relapse occurred in 16 @entity0 (17%). At 5 years, the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) rate was 92%, with an event-free survival (EFS) rate of 82%. @entity5 and EFS were significantly worse for males with @entity1 greater than 5 cm and for males older than 10 years at diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Males with paratesticular RMS have an excellent prognosis except for a selected group of @entity0 older than 10 years or with @entity1 greater than 5 cm. Intensified chemotherapy incorporating alkylating agents for this subgroup may be preferred to the use of systematic lymphadenectomy to improve survival while minimizing the burden of therapy.

title: Treatment of @entity0 with nonmetastatic XXXX : results of the Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies ( @entity2 84 and @entity2 89) of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the results of the Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies ( @entity2 84 and 89) of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) in males with nonmetastatic @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1984 to 1994, 96 males were treated in SIOP protocols. Radical inguinal orchidectomy was recommended, but initial retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was not performed. Disease was staged according to the SIOP @entity1 -node-metastasis staging system. Treatment was stratified by stage. In the @entity2 89 study, males with completely resected @entity1 at diagnosis received less chemotherapy ( @entity6 and @entity7 ) than @entity0 in the @entity2 84 study ( @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity7 ). RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 65 months. Thirty-one @entity1 were larger than 5 cm, and 13 males were older than 10 years with a @entity1 larger than 5 cm. At a median follow-up of 7 years, 87 @entity0 were alive; 79 were in first complete remission and eight were in second complete remission. Relapse occurred in 16 @entity0 (17%). At 5 years, the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) rate was 92%, with an event-free survival (EFS) rate of 82%. @entity5 and EFS were significantly worse for males with @entity1 greater than 5 cm and for males older than 10 years at diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Males with paratesticular RMS have an excellent prognosis except for a selected group of @entity0 older than 10 years or with @entity1 greater than 5 cm. Intensified chemotherapy incorporating alkylating agents for this subgroup may be preferred to the use of systematic lymphadenectomy to improve survival while minimizing the burden of therapy.

title: Treatment of XXXX with nonmetastatic @entity3 : results of the Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors studies ( @entity2 84 and @entity2 89) of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current prostate biopsy cores have a very low diagnostic yield. These biopsies often fail to diagnose @entity2 since 90% of cores are histopathologically classified as benign. The concentrations of endogenous fluorophores in prostate tissue vary with disease states. Thus, fluorescence spectroscopy could be utilized to quantify these variations for identification of malignant lesions. We investigated clinical feasibility of a 14 gauge (1.98 mm) optical biopsy needle guided by fluorescence spectroscopy for real-time in vivo @entity2 diagnosis. Built-in optical sensor has 8*100 m fibers for tissue excitation and a single 200 m fiber to collect spectral data. Custom-made fluorometer @entity3 light-emitting diodes at 290 and 340 nm and a spectrometer. User interface for fluorometer operation and data collection was developed using LabView software. Each spectral data acquisition required ~2 seconds. The in vivo biopsies were performed during radical retropubic prostatectomy surgery on the exposed prostate with blood flow to the gland intact. A tissue biopsy core was obtained from each biopsy site after acquisition of spectral data. Above procedure was repeated ex vivo after surgical excision of the prostate. Biopsy cores were histopathologically classified as either benign or malignant and correlated with corresponding spectral data. Partial Least Square analysis was performed to determine diagnostically significant principal components as potential classifiers. A linear support vector machine and leave-one-out cross validation method was employed for tissue classification. Thirteen @entity0 were consented to the study. Histopathological analysis found @entity1 in 29/208 in vivo and 51/224 ex vivo viable biopsy cores. Study results show 72% sensitivity, 66% specificity, and 93% negative predictive value for in vivo and 75%, 80%, and 93%, respectively, for ex vivo malignant versus benign prostatic tissue classification. Optical biopsy needle has a very high negative predictive value to indicate benign tissue while sufficient sensitivity for targeting areas suspicious for @entity1 within the prostate gland. Hence, the optical biopsy needle can increase the diagnostic yield of prostate biopsies with consequent improvement in @entity0 care.

title: @entity0 feasibility study of fluorescence spectroscopy guided optical biopsy needle for XXXX diagnosis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current prostate biopsy cores have a very low diagnostic yield. These biopsies often fail to diagnose @entity2 since 90% of cores are histopathologically classified as benign. The concentrations of endogenous fluorophores in prostate tissue vary with disease states. Thus, fluorescence spectroscopy could be utilized to quantify these variations for identification of malignant lesions. We investigated clinical feasibility of a 14 gauge (1.98 mm) optical biopsy needle guided by fluorescence spectroscopy for real-time in vivo @entity2 diagnosis. Built-in optical sensor has 8*100 m fibers for tissue excitation and a single 200 m fiber to collect spectral data. Custom-made fluorometer @entity3 light-emitting diodes at 290 and 340 nm and a spectrometer. User interface for fluorometer operation and data collection was developed using LabView software. Each spectral data acquisition required ~2 seconds. The in vivo biopsies were performed during radical retropubic prostatectomy surgery on the exposed prostate with blood flow to the gland intact. A tissue biopsy core was obtained from each biopsy site after acquisition of spectral data. Above procedure was repeated ex vivo after surgical excision of the prostate. Biopsy cores were histopathologically classified as either benign or malignant and correlated with corresponding spectral data. Partial Least Square analysis was performed to determine diagnostically significant principal components as potential classifiers. A linear support vector machine and leave-one-out cross validation method was employed for tissue classification. Thirteen @entity0 were consented to the study. Histopathological analysis found @entity1 in 29/208 in vivo and 51/224 ex vivo viable biopsy cores. Study results show 72% sensitivity, 66% specificity, and 93% negative predictive value for in vivo and 75%, 80%, and 93%, respectively, for ex vivo malignant versus benign prostatic tissue classification. Optical biopsy needle has a very high negative predictive value to indicate benign tissue while sufficient sensitivity for targeting areas suspicious for @entity1 within the prostate gland. Hence, the optical biopsy needle can increase the diagnostic yield of prostate biopsies with consequent improvement in @entity0 care.

title: XXXX feasibility study of fluorescence spectroscopy guided optical biopsy needle for @entity2 diagnosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 risk is usually evaluated using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or quantitative computed tomography (QCT) which provide surrogate measures for proximal femoral strength. However, proximal femoral strength can best be estimated explicitly by combining QCT with finite element (FE) analysis. To evaluate this technique for predicting @entity2 in older @entity0 and @entity0 , we performed a nested age- and sex-matched case-control study in the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES) Reykjavik cohort. Baseline (pre- @entity3 ) QCT scans of 5500 subjects were obtained. During 4-7 years follow-up, 51 @entity0 and 77 @entity0 sustained @entity2 . Ninety-seven @entity0 and 152 @entity0 were randomly selected as age- and sex-matched controls. FE-strength of the left hip of each subject for stance (F(Stance)) and posterolateral fall (F(Fall)) loading, and total femur areal bone mineral density (aBMD) were computed from the QCT data. F(Stance) and F(Fall) in incident @entity2 subjects were 13%-25% less than in control subjects (p  <= 0.006) after controlling for demographic parameters. The difference between FE strengths of @entity3 and control subjects was disproportionately greater in @entity0 (stance, 22%; fall, 25%) than in @entity0 (stance, 13%; fall, 18%) (p  <= 0.033), considering that F(Stance) and F(Fall) in @entity3 subjects were greater in @entity0 than in @entity0 (p < 0.001). For @entity0 , F(Stance) was associated with @entity2 after accounting for aBMD (p = 0.013). These data indicate that F(Stance) provides information about @entity3 risk that is beyond that provided by aBMD (p = 0.013). These findings support further exploration of possible sex differences in the predictors of @entity2 and of sex-specific strategies for using FE analysis to manage @entity1 .

title: Male-female differences in the association between incident XXXX and proximal femoral strength: a finite element analysis study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: We determined the safety, effectiveness and 5-year durability of the new generation, cooled, high energy microwave treatment Cooled ThermoCath   catheter with the Targis   cooled high energy transurethral microwave thermal therapy system by performing a prospective, multicenter trial in @entity0 with lower urinary tract symptoms and clinical @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: At 5 American centers a total of 66 @entity0 were treated with the catheter at a 28.5-minute session. @entity0 were taught self-catheterization after treatment. They returned after 1 and 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and annually for 5 years to assess the American Urological Association symptom score, uroflowmetry, quality of life, Symptom Problem Index, @entity1 Impact Index, treatment satisfaction, adverse events and need for re-treatment. RESULTS: Average treatment duration was 29 minutes. Of the 66 @entity0 33 (50%) required no posttreatment catheterization of any kind, 25 (38%) used intermittent self-catheterization and 8 (12%) required indwelling catheterization with or without self-catheterization. No acute retention events were reported after the initial catheterization through 5 years. No serious adverse events were associated with treatment. Traditional efficacy measures showed highly significant improvement from 6 weeks and thereafter (p <0.001). A total of 19 @entity0 (29%) underwent additional medical or surgical @entity1 related treatment at some time during the 5-year followup. Six @entity0 (9%) underwent surgical @entity1 related treatment. At 5 years 40 of 51 @entity0 (78%) reported satisfaction with @entity1 treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cooled, high energy transurethral microwave thermal therapy using a new generation treatment catheter produced safe, durable, clinically relevant results in @entity0 with lower urinary tract symptoms caused by @entity1 for 5 years after treatment with acceptable medical and surgical re-treatment rates.

title: Results of a 5-year multicenter trial of a new generation cooled high energy transurethral microwave thermal therapy catheter for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Selective percutaneous transarterial embolization has proved to be effective, safe treatment for @entity2 but inefficacious procedures often lead to nephrectomy. Thus, the success rate of transarterial embolization should be maximized. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the clinical success rate of transarterial embolization for posttraumatic @entity2 . Study inclusion criteria were imaging evidence and clinical signs of @entity2 or a hemoglobin decrease of more than 2 gm/dl in urological cases. We excluded spontaneous @entity2 from analysis. RESULTS: A total of 21 @entity0 with a median age of 66 years (range 12 to 78) met study inclusion criteria. Etiology was blunt @entity1 in 3 cases (14%), stab wound in 1 (5%) and an iatrogenic cause in 17 (81%). In 2 @entity0 an active @entity2 site could not be detected during selective angiography. Transarterial embolization was done in 19 @entity0 and led to primary clinical success in 12 (63%), including 2 with grade V parenchymal injury. In 6 of 7 cases (86%) in which primary treatment failed transarterial embolization was repeated. It resulted in clinical success in 4 of 6 @entity0 (67%) with equal efficiency (p =1). Three @entity0 (16%) who could not be sufficiently treated with transarterial embolization underwent nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: When conservative measures fail and clinical symptoms or a relevant hemoglobin decrease occur, transarterial embolization should be considered. Since the success rate is equally high for initial and repeat interventions, re-intervention is justified when the clinical course allows.

title: Selective transarterial embolization for XXXX : a second try is worthwhile.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of sublingual @entity4 as a tocolytic on the success rate of external cephalic version (ECV) in nulliparous and parous @entity0 . METHODS: A retrospective case-controlled study of all ECV cases from February 1996 to February 2000 in a single centre. The rates of successful ECV were compared between @entity0 who had their ECV before February 1998 (control group), those who had their ECV after February 1998 and received 0.8 mg sublingual @entity4 spray as a tocolytic agent, and those who had their ECV after February 1998 and received no tocolytic agents. Nulliparous and parous @entity0 were studied separately. Data were collected for parity, gestational age, maternal age, placental localization, and side effects. Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed for statistical comparison. RESULTS: Of 150 @entity0 who had their ECV after February 1998, 120 (80%) received sublingual @entity4 (group 1: cases using 0.8 mg sublingual @entity4 spray as a tocolytic agent) and were compared to the 30 @entity0 who did not receive sublingual @entity4 or other tocolytics after February 1998 (group 2) and to 137 @entity0 who had their ECV before February 1998 (control group). Of the @entity0 who received sublingual @entity4 , 5 (4%) had @entity3 and 7 (6%) had @entity1 and/or @entity2 . The rate of successful ECV was 27% in group 1 versus 30% in group 2 (p = 0.86) versus 28% in the control group (p = 0.88) for nulliparous @entity0 , and 67% versus 80% (p = 0.30) versus 51% (p = 0.09) respectively for parous @entity0 . However, the success rate was increased overall in parous @entity0 after the introduction of @entity4 as a tocolytic for ECV in February 1998 (71% vs. 51%, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Although the success rate of ECV has increased in recent years, the use of sublingual @entity4 as a tocolytic was not associated with this higher success rate. A randomized, controlled trial is needed.

title: Sublingual XXXX as a tocolytic in external cephalic version: a comparative study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical and epidemiologic aspects of different @entity6 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 205 @entity0 with primary @entity6 were studied retrospectively and the following variables were analyzed: gender, age of onset, age at examination, evolution time, history of @entity1 , association with other @entity4 , @entity6 as well as a family history of @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity3 , and lefthandedness or stuttering. We compared these variables among the different clinical categories of @entity6 . RESULTS: Those @entity0 with @entity5 were significantly older at the onset of symptoms compared with @entity0 with @entity6 . Males were more prevalent than females in all categories of @entity6 except for @entity5 . Prior history of @entity1 and association with @entity3 were more frequent in @entity0 with cervical @entity5 than in those with others dystonic categories. Most @entity0 with @entity7 had fluctuations in the intensity of @entity6 , unlike the @entity0 with @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: There is a caudo-cranial gradient in age of onset and the age of onset increases as the cranial presentation becomes greater. Females are more prevalent in @entity5 and there is a preponderance of @entity5 with a lower location. The @entity5 with cranial distribution frequently present fluctuations of symptoms during the day. Association with other @entity4 , such as @entity3 , and prior history of @entity1 , is common in @entity0 with cervical @entity5 .

title: [Primary XXXX : descriptive study of 205 @entity0 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical and epidemiologic aspects of different @entity6 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 205 @entity0 with primary @entity6 were studied retrospectively and the following variables were analyzed: gender, age of onset, age at examination, evolution time, history of @entity1 , association with other @entity4 , @entity6 as well as a family history of @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity3 , and lefthandedness or stuttering. We compared these variables among the different clinical categories of @entity6 . RESULTS: Those @entity0 with @entity5 were significantly older at the onset of symptoms compared with @entity0 with @entity6 . Males were more prevalent than females in all categories of @entity6 except for @entity5 . Prior history of @entity1 and association with @entity3 were more frequent in @entity0 with cervical @entity5 than in those with others dystonic categories. Most @entity0 with @entity7 had fluctuations in the intensity of @entity6 , unlike the @entity0 with @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: There is a caudo-cranial gradient in age of onset and the age of onset increases as the cranial presentation becomes greater. Females are more prevalent in @entity5 and there is a preponderance of @entity5 with a lower location. The @entity5 with cranial distribution frequently present fluctuations of symptoms during the day. Association with other @entity4 , such as @entity3 , and prior history of @entity1 , is common in @entity0 with cervical @entity5 .

title: [Primary @entity6 : descriptive study of 205 XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The first case describing the SARAH (SARA) antigen occurred in 1990, in an Australian blood donor. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) due to anti-SARA has not been previously described. CASE REPORT: We report a case of @entity2 in a multiparous female. The pregnancy was unremarkable except that she was involved in a seemingly minor motor vehicle accident at 25 weeks' gestation. Routine prenatal antibody screening was negative throughout the pregnancy. She presented at 37 weeks' gestation because of decreased fetal movements. Labor was induced and a 2702-g @entity0 male was delivered. The @entity0 's hemoglobin was 49 g/L and the @entity1 was 153   mol/L. RESULTS: Blood samples from the parents and @entity0 were referred to Canadian Blood Services National Immunohematology Reference Laboratory and subsequently to the Australian Red Cross Red Cell Reference Service. The father's and @entity0 's red blood cells were confirmed to be SARA positive, and the mother's plasma contained anti-SARA. CONCLUSION: The @entity0 was successfully treated with a double-volume exchange transfusion. This is the first example of @entity2 associated with this antibody.

title: XXXX caused by an antibody to a low-prevalence antigen, anti-SARA.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We undertook a prospective study to determine the safety and effectiveness of the direct administration of a @entity2 to the eustachian tube via the Silverstein MicroWick in 11 @entity0 with @entity1 , including two who had Samter's triad. All @entity0 had previously been treated with medical therapy and surgical @entity4 without resolution. The MicroWick was placed directly in the eustachian tube orifice through a pressure-equalization tube. @entity0 received 3 drops of @entity3 4 mg/ml three times a day. The drops were discontinued after 4 weeks, and the MicroWick and ventilation tube were removed after 3 months. At study's end, eight @entity0 (72.7%) reported subjective improvement in terms of a reduction in aural pressure and fullness. Audiometric testing demonstrated a 55% reduction in the mean air-bone gap and a 3% increase in the mean speech discrimination score. Bone pure-tone averages remained stable. Tympanometry showed that five @entity0 (45.5%) converted from type B or C tympanograms to type A. Four @entity0 (36.4%) had persistent perforations. Both @entity0 with Samter's triad improved with therapy. These preliminary results suggest that direct @entity3 administration to the eustachian tube is safe and effective for the treatment of @entity1 . Long-term studies to confirm these findings are under way.

title: Direct application of XXXX for the treatment of @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: We undertook a prospective study to determine the safety and effectiveness of the direct administration of a @entity2 to the eustachian tube via the Silverstein MicroWick in 11 @entity0 with @entity1 , including two who had Samter's triad. All @entity0 had previously been treated with medical therapy and surgical @entity4 without resolution. The MicroWick was placed directly in the eustachian tube orifice through a pressure-equalization tube. @entity0 received 3 drops of @entity3 4 mg/ml three times a day. The drops were discontinued after 4 weeks, and the MicroWick and ventilation tube were removed after 3 months. At study's end, eight @entity0 (72.7%) reported subjective improvement in terms of a reduction in aural pressure and fullness. Audiometric testing demonstrated a 55% reduction in the mean air-bone gap and a 3% increase in the mean speech discrimination score. Bone pure-tone averages remained stable. Tympanometry showed that five @entity0 (45.5%) converted from type B or C tympanograms to type A. Four @entity0 (36.4%) had persistent perforations. Both @entity0 with Samter's triad improved with therapy. These preliminary results suggest that direct @entity3 administration to the eustachian tube is safe and effective for the treatment of @entity1 . Long-term studies to confirm these findings are under way.

title: Direct application of @entity3 for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Relapse of the underlying @entity1 represents one of the major causes of treatment failure in @entity0 treated with @entity2 , especially in @entity0 with @entity8 . Detection of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) after allogenic @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is important to schedule therapeutic intervention, e.g. donor lymphocyte infusion. We asked, whether chimerism analysis in circulating @entity7 + cells might be a feasible method to monitor @entity3 in @entity0 after allogeneic @entity2 . Eighty-seven @entity0 undergoing allogeneic @entity2 were prospectively analyzed. @entity7 + cells were prepared from peripheral blood samples and sorted after immunomagnetic preenrichment. Results were correlated to overall chimerism and results of nested RT-PCR for the @entity5 rearrangement in Ph1-cases. In the 87 @entity0 a median of 8 analyses (range 2-22) covering a median period of 295 days (range 28-1152) were performed. A hematological relapse was observed in 22/84 engrafting @entity0 (26%). In twenty @entity0 , the relapse was detected in the @entity7 + fraction, in 14 of these @entity0 , donor chimerism in @entity7 + cells decreased 12-97 days (median 52 days) before the clinical diagnosis. In two cases, @entity7 + chimerism failed to demonstrate the relapse. In @entity0 with relapsing CML, the decrease of donor @entity7 + cells was associated with reappearance of @entity5 transcripts. Treatment (reduction of immunosuppression, DLI or @entity6 ) was associated with an increase of donor derived @entity7 + cells and clearance of @entity5 positive cells. Sequential chimerism analysis in @entity7 + cells is feasible and sensitive, allowing early detection of relapse and monitoring of therapeutic intervention. This method appears especially useful in @entity0 with high risk @entity4 lacking other markers for detection of @entity3 .

title: Detection of relapse by sequential monitoring of chimerism in circulating XXXX + cells.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gene order in eukaryotic genomes is not random, with genes with similar expression profiles tending to cluster. In @entity1 , the model taxon for gene order analysis, such syntenic clusters of non-homologous genes tend to be conserved over evolutionary time. Whether similar clusters show gene order conservation in other lineages is, however, undecided. Here, we examine this issue in @entity0 using high-resolution chromosome rearrangement data. RESULTS: We show that @entity0 has at least three classes of expression clusters: first, as observed in mammals, large clusters of functionally unrelated housekeeping genes; second, small clusters of functionally related highly co-expressed genes; and finally, as previously defined by Spellman and Rubin, larger domains of co-expressed but functionally unrelated genes. The latter are, however, not independent of the small co-expression clusters and likely reflect a methodological artifact. While the small co-expression and housekeeping/essential gene clusters resemble those observed in @entity1 , in contrast to @entity1 , we see no evidence that any of the three cluster types are preserved as synteny blocks. If anything, adjacent co-expressed genes are more likely to become rearranged than expected. Again in contrast to @entity1 , in @entity0 , gene pairs with short intergene distance or in divergent orientations tend to have higher rearrangement rates. These findings are consistent with co-expression being partly due to shared chromatin environment. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that, while similar in terms of cluster types, gene order evolution has strikingly different patterns in @entity1 and in @entity0 , although recombination is associated with gene order rearrangement in both.

title: Support for multiple classes of local expression clusters in XXXX , but no evidence for gene order conservation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A long-term (12 years) follow-up of treatment with intra-articular injections into the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) of @entity1 or non- @entity1 agents was performed in 21 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and symptomatic TMJs. The aim of the study was to compare symptoms, signs and radiological appearance of the @entity4 initially and at the follow-up in this group of @entity0 . Eleven @entity0 were assigned to a @entity1 group and 10 @entity0 to a non- @entity1 group. Initial and follow-up clinical and radiological examination procedures were the same. The radiological evaluation was based on a grading system using standard reference films. At follow-up, 14 @entity0 reported no @entity2 from the @entity4 and positive changes in most clinical variables were found in both groups. Radiographic follow-up examination was performed on 12 @entity0 . Initially, all but 4 of the 24 joints had structural bone changes. At follow-up, 2 joints had lower, 11 joints had unchanged and 11 joints had higher radiological grades. Two out of 5 and 3 out of 10 joints in the @entity1 and non- @entity1 group, respectively, showed progression of structural bone changes. Among 9 untreated joints, 6 had higher radiological grades and 3 were unchanged. In the 11 TMJs with higher radiological grades at follow-up, there was in most cases moderate progression of erosive changes. The results suggest that the long-term development of symptoms and signs from the @entity4 in @entity0 previously treated was good and the long-term progression of joint destruction was low for both @entity1 and non- @entity1 agents in this @entity0 group with @entity3 .

title: Long-term follow-up of intra-articular injections into the @entity4 in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A long-term (12 years) follow-up of treatment with intra-articular injections into the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) of @entity1 or non- @entity1 agents was performed in 21 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and symptomatic TMJs. The aim of the study was to compare symptoms, signs and radiological appearance of the @entity4 initially and at the follow-up in this group of @entity0 . Eleven @entity0 were assigned to a @entity1 group and 10 @entity0 to a non- @entity1 group. Initial and follow-up clinical and radiological examination procedures were the same. The radiological evaluation was based on a grading system using standard reference films. At follow-up, 14 @entity0 reported no @entity2 from the @entity4 and positive changes in most clinical variables were found in both groups. Radiographic follow-up examination was performed on 12 @entity0 . Initially, all but 4 of the 24 joints had structural bone changes. At follow-up, 2 joints had lower, 11 joints had unchanged and 11 joints had higher radiological grades. Two out of 5 and 3 out of 10 joints in the @entity1 and non- @entity1 group, respectively, showed progression of structural bone changes. Among 9 untreated joints, 6 had higher radiological grades and 3 were unchanged. In the 11 TMJs with higher radiological grades at follow-up, there was in most cases moderate progression of erosive changes. The results suggest that the long-term development of symptoms and signs from the @entity4 in @entity0 previously treated was good and the long-term progression of joint destruction was low for both @entity1 and non- @entity1 agents in this @entity0 group with @entity3 .

title: Long-term follow-up of intra-articular injections into the XXXX in @entity0 with @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A long-term (12 years) follow-up of treatment with intra-articular injections into the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) of @entity1 or non- @entity1 agents was performed in 21 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and symptomatic TMJs. The aim of the study was to compare symptoms, signs and radiological appearance of the @entity4 initially and at the follow-up in this group of @entity0 . Eleven @entity0 were assigned to a @entity1 group and 10 @entity0 to a non- @entity1 group. Initial and follow-up clinical and radiological examination procedures were the same. The radiological evaluation was based on a grading system using standard reference films. At follow-up, 14 @entity0 reported no @entity2 from the @entity4 and positive changes in most clinical variables were found in both groups. Radiographic follow-up examination was performed on 12 @entity0 . Initially, all but 4 of the 24 joints had structural bone changes. At follow-up, 2 joints had lower, 11 joints had unchanged and 11 joints had higher radiological grades. Two out of 5 and 3 out of 10 joints in the @entity1 and non- @entity1 group, respectively, showed progression of structural bone changes. Among 9 untreated joints, 6 had higher radiological grades and 3 were unchanged. In the 11 TMJs with higher radiological grades at follow-up, there was in most cases moderate progression of erosive changes. The results suggest that the long-term development of symptoms and signs from the @entity4 in @entity0 previously treated was good and the long-term progression of joint destruction was low for both @entity1 and non- @entity1 agents in this @entity0 group with @entity3 .

title: Long-term follow-up of intra-articular injections into the @entity4 in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between metastatic potential and related facters of @entity2 cell lines. METHODS: The variants HT-29c and HT-29d cell lines derived from the selection of HT-29 cells were injected into nude @entity3 and the metastatic potential of the two @entity1 cell variants was analyzed. Expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were measured with ELISA in vitro in @entity2 cell lines WiDr, HT-29 and HT-29d. Expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase ( @entity7 -Kinase) were determined with immunohistochemistry, (IHC) in vitro and in vivo in WiDr, HT-29 and HT-29d cell lines. In addition, @entity4 expression was demonstrated with fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) in vitro. RESULTS: The liver @entity0 rate of the variant HT-29d (with 4 cycles of selection), increased as compared with that of parental HT-29 cells and that of variant HT-29b cells (with 2 cycle of selection). The @entity6 concentration of variant HT-29d cell line was significantly higher than that of the non metastatic WiDr and the low metastatic HT-29 cells (P<0.05). The variant HT-29d cells produced stronger @entity7 -kinase expression as compared with the non-anetastatic WiDr cells and the low metastatic HT-29 cells in vivo. CONCLUSION: The selected variant cell lines can exhibit an enhanced metastatic potential. The level of @entity6 and @entity5 are positively correlated with the metastatic capacity of @entity1 cells. The expression of @entity7 kinasecorrelates with @entity1 development and @entity0 .

title: [Comparative analysis of metastatic variants from the XXXX cell line HT-29]

answer: @entity2


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of @entity4 -resistant @entity5 (MRSP) in @entity0 , pets and the environment in households with a pet with a clinical @entity2 within the past year. Personnel and the environment at veterinary clinics were also screened. Nasal swabs ( @entity0 ), nasal and perineal swabs (pets) and environmental wipes were examined using selective culturing. Twenty households were enrolled; 10/20 index cases still had clinical signs of @entity2 at the start of the study and all were MRSP-positive. Of the remaining 10 index cases five were MRSP-positive in nasal and/or perineal samples. Five of 14 (36%) contact @entity1 and four of 13 (31%) contact @entity3 were found MRSP-positive. In the households with an index case with clinical signs of @entity2 6/7 (86%) contact animals were MRSP-positive. MRSP was cultured from 2/45 (4%) @entity0 nasal samples. Domestic contamination was widespread as positive samples were found in 70% of the households and 44% of all environmental samples were MRSP-positive. In all but one of these MRSP-positive households the index case was still MRSP positive. Among the personnel in veterinary clinics 4/141 (3%) were MRSP-positive. MRSP was cultured from 31/200 environmental samples in 7/13 clinics at the first sampling and in 3/6 clinics the environment remained MRSP-positive after cleaning and disinfection indicating that current cleaning procedures often were unable to eliminate MRSP. These results show that transmission of MRSP between infected or colonized @entity1 and @entity3 and healthy @entity0 does occur but is relatively uncommon, while transmission to contact pets occurs frequently, especially when the index case still has clinical signs of @entity2 .

title: Transmission of @entity4 -resistant XXXX between infected @entity1 and @entity3 and contact pets, @entity0 and the environment in households and veterinary clinics.

answer: @entity5