abstract: The genetic defect of @entity4 , known as @entity4 , produces a resistance to degradation by activated protein C and @entity1 . However, the role of @entity4 in the formation of left @entity2 with nonrheumatic @entity3 has not been studied. We investigated whether @entity4 is a risk factor for left @entity2 in @entity0 with nonrheumatic @entity3 . We analyzed clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical data in 105 consecutive @entity0 with nonrheumatic @entity3 . These @entity0 were divided into two groups: group A (n = 37) with left @entity2 and group B (n = 68) without left @entity2 . The study also included 42 control subjects. Left @entity2 was investigated by using both transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography. Blood samples from the @entity0 and controls were analyzed for the @entity4 mutation by DNA analysis, using the polymerase chain reaction. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of @entity4 between the @entity0 and control subjects. The prevalence of @entity4 mutation was 8.1% (3/37) in @entity0 with left @entity2 , and 8.8% (6/68) in @entity0 without left @entity2 . The prevalence of @entity4 was 7.1% (3/42) in control subjects. The prevalance of @entity4 was 10% (2/20) in @entity0 with spontaneous echo contrast and 8% (7/85) in @entity0 without spontaneous echo contrast. Multivariate analyses showed that left ventricular ejection fraction was an independent predictor of left @entity2 . @entity4 mutation is not a risk factor for left @entity2 formation and spontaneous echo contrast in @entity0 with nonrheumatic @entity3 .

title: @entity4 mutation and its relation to left XXXX in chronic nonrheumatic @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Use of the heterotopic @entity0 cardiac isograft model is limited by ventricular @entity1 attributable to the left ventricle's non-working state. Previous studies indicate that increased left ventricular pressure-volume work minimizes @entity1 . We used a simpler approach to increase ventricular work, imposing @entity3 on the transplant. We hypothesized that this would prevent @entity1 and preserve left ventricular compliance. METHODS: We analyzed heterotopic transplants with aortic valvotomy and without aortic valvotomy (controls). Recipient native hearts served as separate controls. After 15 to 25 days, we measured cardiac wet weight, dry weight, and water content of all groups and measured echocardiographic left ventricular wall thickness and end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters in both transplant groups. Left ventricular volume infusions yielded pressure-volume data that we analyzed using regression methods. RESULTS: Aortic regurgitant transplants weighed more than control transplants (dry weight, 0.109 +/- 0.013 g vs 0.097 +/- 0.016 g; p = 0.020, 2-way analysis of variance), but all transplants weighed less than native hearts weighed (p = 0.001). Control transplants were less compliant than regurgitant transplants (p = 0.002), but the latter were similar to their own native hearts (p = 0.34). Wall thickness decreased in regurgitant vs control transplants (p = 0.020, Student's t-test), but end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters increased (p < or = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 in heterotopic transplants improves left ventricular compliance through chamber dilatation without preventing @entity1 . Moderate acute @entity3 affects ventricular remodeling more than it stimulates @entity4 . Smaller end-diastolic diameter, greater wall thickness, and @entity2 may explain decreased compliance in non-working transplants.

title: XXXX in the heterotopic @entity0 heart transplant: effect on ventricular remodeling and diastolic function.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Use of the heterotopic @entity0 cardiac isograft model is limited by ventricular @entity1 attributable to the left ventricle's non-working state. Previous studies indicate that increased left ventricular pressure-volume work minimizes @entity1 . We used a simpler approach to increase ventricular work, imposing @entity3 on the transplant. We hypothesized that this would prevent @entity1 and preserve left ventricular compliance. METHODS: We analyzed heterotopic transplants with aortic valvotomy and without aortic valvotomy (controls). Recipient native hearts served as separate controls. After 15 to 25 days, we measured cardiac wet weight, dry weight, and water content of all groups and measured echocardiographic left ventricular wall thickness and end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters in both transplant groups. Left ventricular volume infusions yielded pressure-volume data that we analyzed using regression methods. RESULTS: Aortic regurgitant transplants weighed more than control transplants (dry weight, 0.109 +/- 0.013 g vs 0.097 +/- 0.016 g; p = 0.020, 2-way analysis of variance), but all transplants weighed less than native hearts weighed (p = 0.001). Control transplants were less compliant than regurgitant transplants (p = 0.002), but the latter were similar to their own native hearts (p = 0.34). Wall thickness decreased in regurgitant vs control transplants (p = 0.020, Student's t-test), but end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters increased (p < or = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 in heterotopic transplants improves left ventricular compliance through chamber dilatation without preventing @entity1 . Moderate acute @entity3 affects ventricular remodeling more than it stimulates @entity4 . Smaller end-diastolic diameter, greater wall thickness, and @entity2 may explain decreased compliance in non-working transplants.

title: @entity3 in the heterotopic XXXX heart transplant: effect on ventricular remodeling and diastolic function.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Small airway remodeling is an important cause of the airflow limitation in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). A large population of @entity0 with @entity4 also have @entity2 . Kr  ppel-like factor 5 ( @entity5 ) is a @entity3 -finger transcription factor that contributes to tissue remodeling in @entity1 . Here, we evaluate the possible involvement of @entity5 in the remodeling of small airways and pulmonary vessels in @entity4 . METHODS: Lung tissues were obtained from 23 control never-smokers, 17 control ex-smokers and 24 ex-smokers with @entity4 . The expression of @entity5 in the lung tissues was investigated by immunohistochemistry. We investigated whether oxidative/nitrosative stress, which is a major cause of the pathogenesis in @entity4 , could augment the production of @entity5 . We examined the role of @entity5 in the stress-mediated tissue remodeling responses. We also investigated the susceptibility of @entity5 expression to nitrosative stress using bronchial fibroblasts isolated from the lung tissues. RESULTS: The expression of @entity5 was up-regulated in the small airways and pulmonary vessels of the @entity4 @entity0 and it was mainly expressed in bronchial fibroblasts and cells of the pulmonary vessels. The extent of the @entity5 expression in the small airway of the @entity4 group had a significant correlation with the severity of the airflow limitation. Oxidative/nitrosative stress augmented the production of @entity5 in lung fibroblasts as well as the translocation of @entity5 into the nuclei. Silencing of @entity5 suppressed the stress-augmented differentiation into myofibroblasts, the release of collagens and metalloproteinases. Bronchial fibroblasts from the @entity0 with @entity4 highly expressed @entity5 compared to those from the control subjects under basal condition and were more susceptible to the induction of @entity5 expression by nitrosative stress compared to those from the control subjects. CONCLUSION: We provide the first evidence that the expression of @entity5 is up-regulated in small airways and pulmonary vessels of @entity0 with @entity4 and may be involved in the tissue remodeling of @entity4 .

title: Possible role of Kr  ppel-like factor 5 in the remodeling of small airways and pulmonary vessels in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To compare the prescription modalities of general practitioners (GPs) and rheumatologists (RHs) for symptomatic @entity5 ( @entity4 ) and to determine correlates with prescription of low-dose NSAIDs. METHODS: This observational, prospective, national survey was carried out among a national representative sample of GPs (n = 808) and RHs (n = 134). Each physician completed a medical questionnaire for the 2 most recent @entity0 fulfilling the ACR criteria for knee @entity4 . RESULTS: GPs and RHs included 1,570 and 251 @entity0 , respectively. Mean pain level of the knee (on a VAS, 0-100 mm) was greater for GP @entity0 than for RH @entity0 (49.8    16.3 vs. 46.2    17.1 mm, respectively; p < 0.01). As compared with @entity0 of RHs, those of GPs more frequently had another joint affected by @entity4 : 71.2% vs. 63.7% (p < 0.0001) and more often had @entity2 and @entity1 (p < 0.05). As compared with RHs, GPs more frequently prescribed low-dose NSAIDs (p < 0.0001), oral NSAIDs (p < 0.05), and topical NSAIDs (p < 0.0001) but less frequently symptomatic slow-acting drugs for @entity4 (p < 0.01). Moreover, GPs more frequently recommended rehabilitation (p < 0.01) and loss of weight (p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis revealed an association of low-dose NSAIDs prescription and prescription by GPs, prescription of topical NSAIDs, no prescription of oral NSAIDs or coxibs and no intra-articular injection of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: This study identified speciality-related variability in some aspects of the management of knee @entity4 . The clinical profile of @entity0 with knee @entity4 differed between GPs and RHs.

title: Comparison of general practitioners and rheumatologists' prescription patterns for @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: To compare the prescription modalities of general practitioners (GPs) and rheumatologists (RHs) for symptomatic @entity5 ( @entity4 ) and to determine correlates with prescription of low-dose NSAIDs. METHODS: This observational, prospective, national survey was carried out among a national representative sample of GPs (n = 808) and RHs (n = 134). Each physician completed a medical questionnaire for the 2 most recent @entity0 fulfilling the ACR criteria for knee @entity4 . RESULTS: GPs and RHs included 1,570 and 251 @entity0 , respectively. Mean pain level of the knee (on a VAS, 0-100 mm) was greater for GP @entity0 than for RH @entity0 (49.8    16.3 vs. 46.2    17.1 mm, respectively; p < 0.01). As compared with @entity0 of RHs, those of GPs more frequently had another joint affected by @entity4 : 71.2% vs. 63.7% (p < 0.0001) and more often had @entity2 and @entity1 (p < 0.05). As compared with RHs, GPs more frequently prescribed low-dose NSAIDs (p < 0.0001), oral NSAIDs (p < 0.05), and topical NSAIDs (p < 0.0001) but less frequently symptomatic slow-acting drugs for @entity4 (p < 0.01). Moreover, GPs more frequently recommended rehabilitation (p < 0.01) and loss of weight (p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis revealed an association of low-dose NSAIDs prescription and prescription by GPs, prescription of topical NSAIDs, no prescription of oral NSAIDs or coxibs and no intra-articular injection of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: This study identified speciality-related variability in some aspects of the management of knee @entity4 . The clinical profile of @entity0 with knee @entity4 differed between GPs and RHs.

title: Comparison of general practitioners and rheumatologists' prescription patterns for XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships between constitutional types of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and @entity4 . METHODS: A survey of TCM @entity3 in ocean sailors participating in a voyage was performed by using the TCM Constitution Questionnaire developed by Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, while the survey of @entity4 was operated by Graybiel's diagnostic criteria. The incidences of @entity4 among sailors with different types of @entity3 were compared. RESULTS: Prior to the voyage, 50.3% of sailors exhibited a gentleness @entity3 , 14.5% were of dampness-heat @entity3 , 10.3% were of qi-stagnation @entity3 , whereas the percentages of @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity2 and special diathesis @entity3 were 6.2%, 7.6%, 6.2%, 4.1% and 0.7%, respectively. None exhibited a phlegm-dampness @entity3 . By the end of the 176-day voyage, the percentages of gentleness, @entity0 , @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity2 , special diathesis and phlegm-dampness @entity3 were 33.8%, 13.8%, 13.1%, 11.0%, 6.9%, 9.7%, 4.1%, 0.7% and 6.9%, respectively. The incidence of @entity4 was 69.7% (101 sailors) during this voyage. The incidences of @entity4 among sailors with different types of @entity3 before the voyage showed significant difference (P<0.001). The incidence of @entity4 was higher in the sailors with dampness-heat @entity3 than in those with gentleness @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Types of Chinese medical @entity3 can be related to susceptibility to @entity4 . Furthermore, ocean voyage may have an effect or influence on the type of Chinese medical @entity3 of sailors involved.

title: [Relationships between constitutional types of traditional Chinese medicine and XXXX in 145 ocean sailors].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The incidence of @entity7 is frequent among liver transplanted subjects. Between March 1986 and June 2009, we performed 670 liver transplants in 593 @entity0 , including 61% males and an overall average age of 46. The incidence of @entity9 in our center was 5.3% (32/593 @entity0 ), including 24 (75%) @entity11 , 5 (16%) @entity12 , 2 anastomotic stenoses, and 1 an iliac graft rupture owing to a @entity13 . Four @entity0 presented @entity9 associated with Aspergillus sp. Three of them were males of mean age 50 years and 3 had an acute rejection episode. Immunosuppression was @entity3 (CsA), @entity4 , and @entity10 . Four @entity9 were diagnosed: 2 @entity11 and 2 @entity8 . Two @entity0 presented biliary complications associated with the arterial complication and @entity5 . Treatment was expectant in 1 @entity0 , interventional radiology in an other, and retransplantation in the other 2. All @entity0 infected with Aspergillus sp. diad of @entity6 and @entity1 . Arterial complications posttransplant associated with @entity5 by Aspergillus sp., can be an important cause of retransplantation, @entity6 and @entity2 .

title: Influence of @entity5 by Aspergillus in XXXX after liver transplantation: evolution and results in 670 transplants.

answer: @entity9


abstract: The incidence of @entity7 is frequent among liver transplanted subjects. Between March 1986 and June 2009, we performed 670 liver transplants in 593 @entity0 , including 61% males and an overall average age of 46. The incidence of @entity9 in our center was 5.3% (32/593 @entity0 ), including 24 (75%) @entity11 , 5 (16%) @entity12 , 2 anastomotic stenoses, and 1 an iliac graft rupture owing to a @entity13 . Four @entity0 presented @entity9 associated with Aspergillus sp. Three of them were males of mean age 50 years and 3 had an acute rejection episode. Immunosuppression was @entity3 (CsA), @entity4 , and @entity10 . Four @entity9 were diagnosed: 2 @entity11 and 2 @entity8 . Two @entity0 presented biliary complications associated with the arterial complication and @entity5 . Treatment was expectant in 1 @entity0 , interventional radiology in an other, and retransplantation in the other 2. All @entity0 infected with Aspergillus sp. diad of @entity6 and @entity1 . Arterial complications posttransplant associated with @entity5 by Aspergillus sp., can be an important cause of retransplantation, @entity6 and @entity2 .

title: Influence of XXXX by Aspergillus in @entity9 after liver transplantation: evolution and results in 670 transplants.

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: Liver transplantation (OLT) has become the treatment of choice for end-stage @entity7 , as well as for selected cases of @entity1 and @entity4 . @entity5 and mortality rates are expected to correlate with improvements in the interdisciplinary team approach, the perioperative anesthesiologic and intensive care management, and careful follow-up after transplantation. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of gained experience on @entity5 and mortality in cadaveric OLT performed in our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from cadaveric OLT @entity0 (n = 34) since 2003 were retrospectively evaluated. @entity0 were divided into 2 groups: Early (2003-2006; n = 15) and late (2007-2010; n = 19). Age, gender, cold and warm @entity2 times, intraoperative transfusion rates, @entity3 , @entity6 rates, and early and late postoperative mortality rates were compared in the 2 groups. RESULTS: The age and gender distribution was similar among both groups. Mean cold and warm @entity2 times, intraoperative transfusion rates, and operative times were significantly lower in the late period group (P = .004, .012, and 0.008, respectively; CI=%95). T-tube usage was also significantly lower in the late period group (P < .001). There was no significant change for postoperative intensive care period (P = .404), but the overall length of stay in hospital was shorter for the @entity0 in the late period group (P = .019). The nonsurgical early @entity5 rate was lower (P = .001) and early postoperative mortality was nearly significant (P = .06) in @entity0 who comprised the late period group. There was no difference in terms of @entity6 rates and overall survival rates between @entity0 in the early and late groups (P = .664, .264, and .107, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the institutional improvements toward an interdisciplinary team approach in cadaveric OLT correlate with better results in @entity2 and operative times and lower intraoperative transfusion rates and hospital stays. Early @entity5 and mortality rates were found to decline in parallel to the team experience.

title: The effect of gained experience on XXXX and mortality in cadaveric liver transplantation: a single-center experience.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a prevalent symptom among @entity2 survivors. This symptom is an independent risk factor for @entity2 and may reduce @entity2 survivors' quality of life, cognitive functioning, and daytime functional performance. The lack of a universally accepted definition of @entity1 makes it difficult to measure @entity1 and synthesize research. The purpose of this integrative review is to describe @entity1 , ascertain conceptual and operational definitions of @entity1 , identify factors that contribute to @entity1 in @entity2 survivors, and explore outcomes associated with @entity1 in @entity2 survivors. We searched the following databases: PubMed and MEDLINE (OvidSP 1946-April; Week 2, 2015), Embase (OvidSP 1974-March; Week 1, 2015), and PsycINFO (OvidSP 1967-April; Week 2, 2015). Our search yielded 340 articles, 27 of which met inclusion criteria. The literature reveals @entity1 to be a multidimensional construct that is operationalized with both subjective and objective measures. Choosing measures that can quantify both the objective and subjective components is useful for gaining a comprehensive understanding of @entity1 . The antecedents of @entity1 are @entity2 , @entity4 , reversed @entity5 , and @entity3 . The outcomes associated with @entity1 in @entity2 @entity0 are serious and negative. Via synthesis of this research, we propose a possible framework for @entity1 , which may be of use in clinical practice and in research to identify valid quantifying methods for @entity1 as well as to prevent harmful outcomes in @entity2 survivors.

title: Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in XXXX Survivors: An Integrative Review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3 of the aortic valve with local aortic root destruction requires radical resection of infected tissues and subsequent reconstruction of periannular structures and the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). Homografts or stentless bioprostheses are recommended for use in this specific @entity0 group. The Freestyle stentless bioprosthesis is a porcine aortic root prosthesis, which approaches the surgical versatility of the homograft, but has the advantage of ready availability and uniform quality. We assessed clinical and echocardiographic outcome following the use of this prosthesis in extensive @entity4 . METHODS: Between June 2000 and December 2014, 55 Freestyle prostheses were implanted for @entity4 involving the root in 54 @entity0 (74% male). The mean age at operation was 61    13 years. The mean EuroSCORE II was 20.1    13.5. Twenty-nine (54%) @entity0 had @entity2 . The median follow-up time after surgery was 3.5 years, ranging from 0 to 15 years. RESULTS: Early and late mortality were 11% (6 @entity0 ) and 14% (7 @entity0 ), respectively. Estimated overall survival at 1 and 5 years was 83 and 70%, respectively. There was no survival difference between @entity0 with native or @entity2 . One @entity0 underwent reoperation for recurrent @entity3 2.3 years after the initial procedure. No other prosthesis failure occurred. At a median follow-up of 3.3 years, mean gradient over the prosthesis was 4.3    2.3 mmHg. No @entity0 had more than mild @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The Freestyle stentless bioprosthesis is a valuable option to reconstruct the LVOT after debridement in extensive @entity4 . It is readily available with a versatility and clinical outcome comparable with that of homografts. Although early mortality remains considerable in this high-risk group of @entity0 , late survival is good with low rates of recurrence of @entity3 , immediate local control and good haemodynamic performance on echocardiography.

title: Stentless bioprostheses: a versatile and durable solution in extensive XXXX   .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 is defined as response to a drug which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in @entity0 for the prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease, or for the modification of physiological functions. @entity1 is known as anaphylactic reaction which is due to immediate immunoglobulin E-mediated reaction. It is characterized by symptoms such as fever @entity5 , back @entity4 , angiodema, @entity7 , @entity6 , etc. Lepa generally refers to the application of pastes formed by mixing powder of herbs with water, milk, etc., and liquids. Complementary and alternative medicines are frequently used by the general population. Many @entity0 consider them to be without side effects. Ayurvedic treatment involves Shodhana (biopurification), Shaman (pacification), Bahya (external therapy), and Abhyantara karma's (internal therapy) for treating @entity2 . One such bahya karma or external therapy is lepa. Even though lepa is said as "Aadhya Upakrama," undue @entity1 is observed in many @entity0 . A 60-year-old @entity0 had an adverse reaction to lepa after being administered as an external medication. The observations were erythema, eruptions, and itching. Such case of @entity1 is discussed in the present study.

title: XXXX as a complication of lepa.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: To analyse the incidence of @entity4 in appendectomy specimens and establish the epidemiological and histopathological features, treatment, and clinical course. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 2004 and 2013, 975 @entity0 who underwent appendectomy in Ankara Oncology Education and Research Hospital were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS: @entity1 was detected in the nine of 975 (0.9%) @entity0 . Neuroendocrine @entity1 were diagnosed in eight @entity0 by appendectomy, which was performed because of the prediagnosis of @entity3 , and in one @entity0 by the suspicious mass detection during surgical procedures that were done in the appendix for a different reason. Eight of the @entity0 ' @entity1 were in the tip of the appendix, and one of the @entity0 ' @entity1 was at the base of appendix. @entity1 size in 77.8% of @entity0 was equal or less than 1 cm, in 22.2% @entity0 it was 1-2 cm. There was @entity1 invasion in the muscularis propria layer in four @entity0 , in the serosa layer in three @entity0 , and in the deep mesoappendix in two @entity0 . @entity0 were followed for a median of 78 months. In the follow-up of @entity0 who were operated because of @entity2 , metachronous @entity1 evolved. This @entity0 died due to progressive disease. Other @entity0 are still disease-free. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of @entity1 is often incidentally done after appendectomy. @entity1 size is important in determining the extent of disease and in the selection of the surgical method during operation.

title: Clinical experience XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) gives rise to muscle responses, known as motor evoked potentials (MEP), through activation of the motor pathways. Voluntary contraction causes facilitation of MEPs, which consists of shortening MEP latency, increasing MEP amplitude and widening MEP duration. While an increase in excitability of alpha motorneurons and the corticospinal tract can easily explain latency shortening and amplitude increase, other mechanisms have to be accounted for to explain the increase in duration. We measured the increase in duration of the MEP during contraction with respect to rest in a group of healthy volunteers and retrospectively assessed this parameter in @entity0 who were examined in a standardized fashion during the past 5 years. We included 25 healthy subjects, 21 @entity0 with @entity1 , 33 @entity0 with @entity2 , 5 @entity0 with @entity5 , and 5 @entity0 with signs suggesting @entity6 paresis. We found already significant differences among groups in the MEP duration at rest, @entity0 with @entity1 had a significantly longer duration, and @entity0 with @entity2 had significantly shorter duration, than the other two groups. The increase in MEP duration during @entity4 was different in @entity0 and in healthy subjects. It was significantly shorter in @entity1 and significantly longer in @entity2 @entity0 . It was absent in the five @entity0 with suspected @entity3 . In @entity0 with HSP, an abnormally increase in duration occurred only in leg muscles. Our results suggest that the increase in duration of the MEP during contraction may reveal the contribution of propriospinal interneurons to the activation of alpha motorneurons. This mechanism may be altered in some diseases and, therefore, the assessment proposed in this work may have clinical applicability for the differential diagnosis of @entity3 .

title: Clinical Value of the Assessment of Changes in MEP Duration with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Healthy sleep is essential in @entity0 's cognitive, behavioral, and emotional development. However, remarkably little is known about the influence of @entity1 on different memory processes in childhood. Such data could give us a deeper insight into the effect of sleep on the developing brain and memory functions and how the relationship between sleep and memory changes from childhood to adulthood. In the present study we examined the effect of @entity1 on declarative and non-declarative memory consolidation by testing @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) which is characterized by disrupted sleep structure. We used a story recall task to measure declarative memory and Alternating Serial Reaction time (ASRT) task to assess non-declarative memory. This task enables us to measure two aspects of non-declarative memory, namely general motor skill learning and sequence-specific learning. There were two sessions: a learning phase and a testing phase, separated by a 12 h offline period with sleep. Our data showed that @entity0 with @entity2 exhibited a generally lower declarative memory performance both in the learning and testing phase; however, both the @entity2 and control groups exhibited retention of the previously recalled items after the offline period. Here we showed intact non-declarative consolidation in @entity2 group in both sequence-specific and general motor skill. These findings suggest that @entity1 in childhood have a differential effect on different memory processes (online vs. offline) and give us insight into how @entity1 affects developing brain.

title: Declarative and Non-declarative Memory Consolidation in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Healthy sleep is essential in @entity0 's cognitive, behavioral, and emotional development. However, remarkably little is known about the influence of @entity1 on different memory processes in childhood. Such data could give us a deeper insight into the effect of sleep on the developing brain and memory functions and how the relationship between sleep and memory changes from childhood to adulthood. In the present study we examined the effect of @entity1 on declarative and non-declarative memory consolidation by testing @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) which is characterized by disrupted sleep structure. We used a story recall task to measure declarative memory and Alternating Serial Reaction time (ASRT) task to assess non-declarative memory. This task enables us to measure two aspects of non-declarative memory, namely general motor skill learning and sequence-specific learning. There were two sessions: a learning phase and a testing phase, separated by a 12 h offline period with sleep. Our data showed that @entity0 with @entity2 exhibited a generally lower declarative memory performance both in the learning and testing phase; however, both the @entity2 and control groups exhibited retention of the previously recalled items after the offline period. Here we showed intact non-declarative consolidation in @entity2 group in both sequence-specific and general motor skill. These findings suggest that @entity1 in childhood have a differential effect on different memory processes (online vs. offline) and give us insight into how @entity1 affects developing brain.

title: Declarative and Non-declarative Memory Consolidation in XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to assess the mid-term patency rate of @entity6 stent implantation in @entity0 with long superficial femoral artery (SFA) @entity5 or @entity3 . This is a retrospective, single-center study. METHODS: The data of 138 @entity0 were retrospectively assessed in our center to determine the patency rate after @entity6 stenting of the SFA. MATERIALS: Data for 165 limbs from 138 @entity0 were collected. Each limb showed a long lesion with a total @entity3 of >10 cm and mean lesion length of 20.35    9.46 cm (range, 10-32 cm). @entity6 self-expanding stent implantations were performed in each limb. A total of 258 stents were implanted into 165 limbs (average, 1.56 stents/limb). Each @entity0 received clinical and ultrasound/computerized tomographic angiography/magnetic resonance angiography evaluations before the procedure and underwent clinical status evaluation and an ankle-brachial index test at discharge and at 12, 24, and 36 months thereafter. RESULTS: The initial technical success rate of revascularization was 91.51% (151/163). During follow-up, nine @entity0 died because of @entity4 , @entity2 , and @entity1 , and 14 @entity0 were lost to follow-up. The mean follow-up period for 150 limbs from 124 @entity0 was 25.46 months (range, 6-51). During follow-up, 19 in-stent restenoses and 15  occlusions were diagnosed. In all, 30 re-interventions were performed, including six balloon angioplasties, three secondary cutting balloon angioplasties, 10 restenting procedures, four bypass surgeries, two bone marrow stem cell transplantations, and five limb amputations. Analysis showed the primary patency rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were 92.4%, 78.3%, and 62.1%, respectively, and the overall assisted-primary patency rates were 94.4%, 84.6%, and 75.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 self-expanding stent implantation seems to be a good choice for older @entity0 with long SFA occlusions. Although the short- and mid-term patency results were good, more observations are needed to assess its long-term efficiency.

title: Endovascular XXXX stenting for long occlusive disease of the superficial femoral artery in critical limb ischemia: a single-center, mid-term result.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Midline catheters have many advantages for chronically ill @entity0 needing up to six weeks intravenous therapy and medications, and when inserted in a sterile environment and correctly monitored and maintained, have a significantly lower association of infection and @entity1 than previously suggested. Furthermore, there is a reduction in central collateral vessel formation from incursions into the superior vena cava, associated with peripherally inserted central catheters. Midline use was examined in a @entity2 control group. Lines were checked daily until removal. All midline catheter tips were sent for culture on removal and data from 42 midlines placed in 2006 were retrieved from the hospital scientist for analysis. Twenty-seven inpatients with @entity2 were identified and informed of the trial and possible risks of midline use. Outcome variables included infection and @entity1 rates. On conclusion of the trial, data demonstrated both zero infection and @entity1 rates in the study @entity0 population. Midline catheters were monitored for a further 12 months following conclusion of the trial and infection rates continued to be below 1% and @entity1 rates lower than 2%. In the specified group, the parameters of use for midlines fit with international @entity2 intravenous antibiotic protocols currently adhered to. The study has begun to generate evidence to inform clinical practice, improve @entity0 outcomes and supports the role of the specialist nurse in implementing midlines for @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Improving antibiotic treatment outcomes through the implementation of a midline: piloting a change in practice for XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Midline catheters have many advantages for chronically ill @entity0 needing up to six weeks intravenous therapy and medications, and when inserted in a sterile environment and correctly monitored and maintained, have a significantly lower association of infection and @entity1 than previously suggested. Furthermore, there is a reduction in central collateral vessel formation from incursions into the superior vena cava, associated with peripherally inserted central catheters. Midline use was examined in a @entity2 control group. Lines were checked daily until removal. All midline catheter tips were sent for culture on removal and data from 42 midlines placed in 2006 were retrieved from the hospital scientist for analysis. Twenty-seven inpatients with @entity2 were identified and informed of the trial and possible risks of midline use. Outcome variables included infection and @entity1 rates. On conclusion of the trial, data demonstrated both zero infection and @entity1 rates in the study @entity0 population. Midline catheters were monitored for a further 12 months following conclusion of the trial and infection rates continued to be below 1% and @entity1 rates lower than 2%. In the specified group, the parameters of use for midlines fit with international @entity2 intravenous antibiotic protocols currently adhered to. The study has begun to generate evidence to inform clinical practice, improve @entity0 outcomes and supports the role of the specialist nurse in implementing midlines for @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Improving antibiotic treatment outcomes through the implementation of a midline: piloting a change in practice for @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Cell type specific radial positioning of chromosome territories (CTs) and their sub-domains in the interphase seem to have functional relevance in non-neoplastic @entity0 nuclei, while much less is known about nuclear architecture in @entity2 cells and its development during @entity1 progression. We analyzed the 3D-architecture of the chromosome 8 territory ( @entity5 ) in @entity2 and corresponding non-neoplastic ductal pancreatic epithelium. Fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization (FISH) with whole chromosome painting (WCP) probes on sections from @entity3 -fixed, paraffin wax-embedded tissues from six @entity0 with @entity4 was used. Radial positions and shape parameters of @entity5 were analyzed by 3D-microscopy. None of the parameters showed significant inter-individual changes. @entity5 was localized in the nuclear periphery in @entity2 cells and normal ductal epithelial cells. Normalized volume and surface of @entity5 did not differ significantly. In contrast, the normalized roundness was significantly lower in @entity2 cells, implying an elongation of neoplastic cell nuclei. Unexpectedly, radial positioning of @entity5 , a dominant parameter of nuclear architecture, did not change significantly when comparing neoplastic with non-neoplastic cells. A significant deformation of @entity5 , however, accompanies nuclear atypia of @entity2 cells. This decreased roundness of CTs may reflect the genomic and transcriptional alterations in @entity2 .

title: Nuclear position and shape deformation of chromosome 8 territories in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The left internal thoracic artery (LITA) is the conduit of choice for coronary artery bypass (CABG) due to favorable long-term patency. Uncommonly, diffuse narrowing like a string without significant @entity2 of an @entity1 is observed in the LITA graft (called "string sign"). Isolated left main trunk (LMT) diseases were reported to regress in some cases. However, the relationship between "string sign" and the regression of solitary LMT disease remains unknown.We retrospectively studied 40 consecutive @entity0 with isolated @entity2 who underwent CABG using LITA and who underwent angiography before and after operation (31 males, 9 females, mean age, 65.0 years). The @entity0 were divided into 2 groups according to the postoperative angiographic outcomes of the LITA graft: one group included @entity0 with "string sign" (6 @entity0 ), the other group consisted of @entity0 with a patent LITA graft (34 @entity0 ).There were no significant differences in clinical backgrounds between the two groups. The 2 groups showed similar quantitative % @entity3 of the LMT before operation (77.5% versus 76.8%) and the observation period was similar in both groups. Coronary angiography after CABG revealed that % @entity2 of the LMT in @entity0 with "string sign" was significantly less than that in @entity0 with a patent LITA graft (41.7    26% versus 82.5    11%, P < 0.001). Regression in LMT was significantly more frequently observed in the "string sign group". Furthermore, ostial @entity2 was more frequent in @entity0 with "string sign". "String phenomenon" of the LITA graft is one of the signs related to the regression of @entity2 , and especially in ostial @entity2 of the LMT.

title: String-sign in left internal thoracic artery is associated with regression in left main XXXX after coronary artery bypass.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although increased reactive @entity0 species (ROS) is caused by stress accelerates collagen degradation, there was no data on the relationship between stress and urinary @entity4 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 (Pro), a good marker of collagen degradation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between @entity3 , @entity2 , and stress (DAS) and concentrations of urinary @entity6 and Pro. METHODS: 97 hospital employees aged 20 to 58 were asked to fill out comprehensive self-administrated questionnaires containing information about their medical history, lifestyle, length of the work year, shift-work and DAS. @entity3 @entity2 stress scale (DASS) was applied to evaluate chronic @entity1 . Urine samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with double derivatization for the assay of @entity4 and @entity5 . RESULTS: The mean value of @entity6 and Pro concentration in all subjects was 194.1    113.4  mol/g and 568.2    310.7  mol/g. DASS values and urinary Pro concentrations were differentiated by sex (female > male, p < 0.05) and type of job (nurse > others, p < 0.05). In the stepwise multiple linear regressions, urinary @entity6 and Pro concentrations were influenced by stress (Adjusted r2 = 0.051) and @entity2 and job (Adjusted r2 = 0.199), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found that stress and @entity2 were correlated with urinary @entity6 and Pro concentrations. To identifying a definite correlation, further study in large populations will be needed.

title: Relationship between @entity3 @entity2 stress scale (DASS) and urinary XXXX and @entity5 concentrations in hospital workers.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although increased reactive @entity0 species (ROS) is caused by stress accelerates collagen degradation, there was no data on the relationship between stress and urinary @entity4 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 (Pro), a good marker of collagen degradation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between @entity3 , @entity2 , and stress (DAS) and concentrations of urinary @entity6 and Pro. METHODS: 97 hospital employees aged 20 to 58 were asked to fill out comprehensive self-administrated questionnaires containing information about their medical history, lifestyle, length of the work year, shift-work and DAS. @entity3 @entity2 stress scale (DASS) was applied to evaluate chronic @entity1 . Urine samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with double derivatization for the assay of @entity4 and @entity5 . RESULTS: The mean value of @entity6 and Pro concentration in all subjects was 194.1    113.4  mol/g and 568.2    310.7  mol/g. DASS values and urinary Pro concentrations were differentiated by sex (female > male, p < 0.05) and type of job (nurse > others, p < 0.05). In the stepwise multiple linear regressions, urinary @entity6 and Pro concentrations were influenced by stress (Adjusted r2 = 0.051) and @entity2 and job (Adjusted r2 = 0.199), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found that stress and @entity2 were correlated with urinary @entity6 and Pro concentrations. To identifying a definite correlation, further study in large populations will be needed.

title: Relationship between XXXX @entity2 stress scale (DASS) and urinary @entity4 and @entity5 concentrations in hospital workers.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although increased reactive @entity0 species (ROS) is caused by stress accelerates collagen degradation, there was no data on the relationship between stress and urinary @entity4 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 (Pro), a good marker of collagen degradation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between @entity3 , @entity2 , and stress (DAS) and concentrations of urinary @entity6 and Pro. METHODS: 97 hospital employees aged 20 to 58 were asked to fill out comprehensive self-administrated questionnaires containing information about their medical history, lifestyle, length of the work year, shift-work and DAS. @entity3 @entity2 stress scale (DASS) was applied to evaluate chronic @entity1 . Urine samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with double derivatization for the assay of @entity4 and @entity5 . RESULTS: The mean value of @entity6 and Pro concentration in all subjects was 194.1    113.4  mol/g and 568.2    310.7  mol/g. DASS values and urinary Pro concentrations were differentiated by sex (female > male, p < 0.05) and type of job (nurse > others, p < 0.05). In the stepwise multiple linear regressions, urinary @entity6 and Pro concentrations were influenced by stress (Adjusted r2 = 0.051) and @entity2 and job (Adjusted r2 = 0.199), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found that stress and @entity2 were correlated with urinary @entity6 and Pro concentrations. To identifying a definite correlation, further study in large populations will be needed.

title: Relationship between @entity3 @entity2 stress scale (DASS) and urinary @entity4 and XXXX concentrations in hospital workers.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although increased reactive @entity0 species (ROS) is caused by stress accelerates collagen degradation, there was no data on the relationship between stress and urinary @entity4 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 (Pro), a good marker of collagen degradation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between @entity3 , @entity2 , and stress (DAS) and concentrations of urinary @entity6 and Pro. METHODS: 97 hospital employees aged 20 to 58 were asked to fill out comprehensive self-administrated questionnaires containing information about their medical history, lifestyle, length of the work year, shift-work and DAS. @entity3 @entity2 stress scale (DASS) was applied to evaluate chronic @entity1 . Urine samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with double derivatization for the assay of @entity4 and @entity5 . RESULTS: The mean value of @entity6 and Pro concentration in all subjects was 194.1    113.4  mol/g and 568.2    310.7  mol/g. DASS values and urinary Pro concentrations were differentiated by sex (female > male, p < 0.05) and type of job (nurse > others, p < 0.05). In the stepwise multiple linear regressions, urinary @entity6 and Pro concentrations were influenced by stress (Adjusted r2 = 0.051) and @entity2 and job (Adjusted r2 = 0.199), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found that stress and @entity2 were correlated with urinary @entity6 and Pro concentrations. To identifying a definite correlation, further study in large populations will be needed.

title: Relationship between @entity3 XXXX stress scale (DASS) and urinary @entity4 and @entity5 concentrations in hospital workers.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This paper reviews the recent literature regarding the effectiveness, efficacy and safety of intravitreal bevacizumab as compared with ranibizumab for the treatment of neovascular age-related @entity3 (nAMD). RECENT FINDINGS: Numerous randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of ranibizumab for the treatment of nAMD. Bevacizumab, developed, labeled and approved for the management of @entity1 , has been used off-label for the management of nAMD. However, given its lower cost and effectiveness, it is commonly used for many cases of nAMD. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated similar effectiveness between the two compounds in terms of visual acuity and central macular thickness. However, emerging data have suggested that these two compounds may have different ocular and systemic adverse event profiles; bevacizumab has been linked to both a higher risk of @entity2 and a higher risk of incident arterial @entity4 events. This incremental risk for both ocular and systemic adverse events may have an impact on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio derived from health economic models that directly compare one @entity0 ( @entity0 ) compound to the other. SUMMARY: Numerous clinical trials, including the Comparison of @entity5 Treatment Trial, are underway examining the comparative efficacy of ranibizumab versus bevacizumab for the treatment of nAMD. While these studies may demonstrate clinical noninferiority of one anti- @entity0 compound over another, they may not be adequately powered to detect important differences in ocular and systemic safety. Large-scale, appropriately powered safety studies need to be conducted to evaluate differences in safety.

title: Ranibizumab versus bevacizumab for the treatment of neovascular age-related XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity0 with an @entity4 ( @entity4 ) experience @entity3 , some of which become refractory to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study aims (1) to quantify the rate of @entity3 and medically @entity2 in @entity0 with ODs; and (2) to determine if there is any association between short-term and long-term survival, and the presence and drug-responsiveness of @entity3 . METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of the medical records of @entity0 who had been pathologically identified as having an @entity4 at the London Health Sciences Centre or the London Regional Cancer Program in London, Ontario from January 1996 to July 2008. Deaths were ascertained by reviewing all hospital records. Survival analysis was performed. RESULTS: One-hundred sixty-six @entity0 met inclusion criteria. @entity2 were the presenting feature or occurred as part of the initial manifestation of the @entity4 in 75.3% of @entity0 , with 90.4% (n=150) experiencing at least one @entity3 and 76.5% developing @entity2 over the course of observation. Of the 150 @entity0 with @entity3 , 23 experienced a single @entity3 (13.9% of the 166), whereas 127 @entity0 experienced multiple @entity3 (76.5%). In those with multiple @entity3 , the @entity2 was refractory to drug treatment slightly more than half the time (54.3%). Survival analysis demonstrated consistently superior survival among those with a single @entity3 . Those without @entity3 had the worst survival rates over the first few years post-diagnosis; but then no further @entity1 occurred. Survival among those with refractory @entity3 tended to be better than among those whose @entity3 were drug responsive, over the first 10 years post-diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 are common and may influence survival in @entity0 with oligodendogliomas. Those who experience just one @entity3 appear to do best.

title: Do XXXX predict outcome in @entity0 with @entity4 ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity0 with an @entity4 ( @entity4 ) experience @entity3 , some of which become refractory to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study aims (1) to quantify the rate of @entity3 and medically @entity2 in @entity0 with ODs; and (2) to determine if there is any association between short-term and long-term survival, and the presence and drug-responsiveness of @entity3 . METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of the medical records of @entity0 who had been pathologically identified as having an @entity4 at the London Health Sciences Centre or the London Regional Cancer Program in London, Ontario from January 1996 to July 2008. Deaths were ascertained by reviewing all hospital records. Survival analysis was performed. RESULTS: One-hundred sixty-six @entity0 met inclusion criteria. @entity2 were the presenting feature or occurred as part of the initial manifestation of the @entity4 in 75.3% of @entity0 , with 90.4% (n=150) experiencing at least one @entity3 and 76.5% developing @entity2 over the course of observation. Of the 150 @entity0 with @entity3 , 23 experienced a single @entity3 (13.9% of the 166), whereas 127 @entity0 experienced multiple @entity3 (76.5%). In those with multiple @entity3 , the @entity2 was refractory to drug treatment slightly more than half the time (54.3%). Survival analysis demonstrated consistently superior survival among those with a single @entity3 . Those without @entity3 had the worst survival rates over the first few years post-diagnosis; but then no further @entity1 occurred. Survival among those with refractory @entity3 tended to be better than among those whose @entity3 were drug responsive, over the first 10 years post-diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 are common and may influence survival in @entity0 with oligodendogliomas. Those who experience just one @entity3 appear to do best.

title: Do @entity2 predict outcome in @entity0 with XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity0 with an @entity4 ( @entity4 ) experience @entity3 , some of which become refractory to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study aims (1) to quantify the rate of @entity3 and medically @entity2 in @entity0 with ODs; and (2) to determine if there is any association between short-term and long-term survival, and the presence and drug-responsiveness of @entity3 . METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of the medical records of @entity0 who had been pathologically identified as having an @entity4 at the London Health Sciences Centre or the London Regional Cancer Program in London, Ontario from January 1996 to July 2008. Deaths were ascertained by reviewing all hospital records. Survival analysis was performed. RESULTS: One-hundred sixty-six @entity0 met inclusion criteria. @entity2 were the presenting feature or occurred as part of the initial manifestation of the @entity4 in 75.3% of @entity0 , with 90.4% (n=150) experiencing at least one @entity3 and 76.5% developing @entity2 over the course of observation. Of the 150 @entity0 with @entity3 , 23 experienced a single @entity3 (13.9% of the 166), whereas 127 @entity0 experienced multiple @entity3 (76.5%). In those with multiple @entity3 , the @entity2 was refractory to drug treatment slightly more than half the time (54.3%). Survival analysis demonstrated consistently superior survival among those with a single @entity3 . Those without @entity3 had the worst survival rates over the first few years post-diagnosis; but then no further @entity1 occurred. Survival among those with refractory @entity3 tended to be better than among those whose @entity3 were drug responsive, over the first 10 years post-diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 are common and may influence survival in @entity0 with oligodendogliomas. Those who experience just one @entity3 appear to do best.

title: Do @entity2 predict outcome in XXXX with @entity4 ?

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of @entity3 has increased in China in the last decade, though efforts have been made in early detection and multimodality treatment. The aim of this study is to describe the decade-based development in early diagnosis and treatment modalities, as well as outcome for @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in a high-volume facility. METHODS: All the @entity4 @entity0 underwent surgery between 1991 and 2009 and were selected from the database of TianJin @entity2 Institute and Hospital. Decade-based changes in early diagnosis, treatment modalities, and outcome of the @entity0 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 565 @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity0 in this decade (n   =   460) had better overall survival than those in the last decade (n   =   105), median survival was 10 months and 3 months, respectively. @entity0 in this decade had significantly improved in (P   <   0.001) 2-year (14.7%) and 5-year survival rates (3.5%) as compared to those in the last decade (6.7% and 3.4%, respectively). @entity0 with @entity1 at diagnosis in the last decade and this decade were 54% and 26% (P   <   0.001), respectively. More @entity0 in this decade had underwent R0/R1 resection (33% vs 20%, P   =   0.010), chemotherapy (37% vs 12%, P   <   0.001), and radical resection (34% vs 21%, P   =   0.014) than those in the last decade. CONCLUSION: @entity0 operated on for @entity4 in this decade had a better outcome than those in the last decade. Early detection, improved resection margin, and development in multimodality treatment contribute to this improvement.

title: Improvement in treatment and outcome of XXXX in north China.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity6 is a hallmark of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), yet little is known about its properties and representation in the brain. Here we use fMRI combined with psychophysics to study knee @entity2 in fourteen @entity3 @entity0 and nine healthy controls. Mechanical painful pressure stimuli were applied to the knee in both groups and ratings of evoked @entity2 and related brain activity examined. We observe that psychophysical properties and brain activation patterns of evoked @entity2 are essentially the same between @entity3 @entity0 and healthy subjects, and between worse and better @entity3 knees. In @entity3 @entity0 , stimulus-related brain activity could be distinguished from brain activity associated with spontaneous @entity2 . The former activated brain regions commonly observed for acute painful stimuli in healthy subjects, while the spontaneous @entity2 of @entity3 engaged prefrontal-limbic regions closely corresponding to areas observed for spontaneous @entity2 in other @entity6 conditions, such as @entity4 and @entity1 . @entity5 -related clinical characteristics of knee @entity3 also mapped to prefrontal-limbic regions. In a subgroup of @entity0 (n=6) we examined brain activity changes for a 2-week, repeat measure, @entity7 inhibitor ( @entity8 ) therapy. Treatment decreased spontaneous @entity2 for the worse knee and clinical characteristics of @entity3 , and increased blood and csf levels of the drug which correlated positively with prefrontal-limbic brain activity. These findings indicate dissociation between mechanically induced and spontaneous @entity2 , the latter engaging brain regions involved in emotional assessment of the self, and challenge the standard clinical view regarding the nature of @entity2 .

title: Brain activity for chronic knee osteoarthritis: dissociating evoked XXXX from spontaneous @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 is a hallmark of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), yet little is known about its properties and representation in the brain. Here we use fMRI combined with psychophysics to study knee @entity2 in fourteen @entity3 @entity0 and nine healthy controls. Mechanical painful pressure stimuli were applied to the knee in both groups and ratings of evoked @entity2 and related brain activity examined. We observe that psychophysical properties and brain activation patterns of evoked @entity2 are essentially the same between @entity3 @entity0 and healthy subjects, and between worse and better @entity3 knees. In @entity3 @entity0 , stimulus-related brain activity could be distinguished from brain activity associated with spontaneous @entity2 . The former activated brain regions commonly observed for acute painful stimuli in healthy subjects, while the spontaneous @entity2 of @entity3 engaged prefrontal-limbic regions closely corresponding to areas observed for spontaneous @entity2 in other @entity6 conditions, such as @entity4 and @entity1 . @entity5 -related clinical characteristics of knee @entity3 also mapped to prefrontal-limbic regions. In a subgroup of @entity0 (n=6) we examined brain activity changes for a 2-week, repeat measure, @entity7 inhibitor ( @entity8 ) therapy. Treatment decreased spontaneous @entity2 for the worse knee and clinical characteristics of @entity3 , and increased blood and csf levels of the drug which correlated positively with prefrontal-limbic brain activity. These findings indicate dissociation between mechanically induced and spontaneous @entity2 , the latter engaging brain regions involved in emotional assessment of the self, and challenge the standard clinical view regarding the nature of @entity2 .

title: Brain activity for chronic knee osteoarthritis: dissociating evoked @entity2 from spontaneous XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few reports exist regarding the long-term clinical course of idiopathic @entity1 . PURPOSE AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied the clinical courses of 8 @entity0 . The @entity0 were 4 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 aged 48.4 +/- 14.0 years (mean +/- SD) with idiopathic @entity1 followed up for a minimum of more than 4 years. Mean follow-up was 13 years and 6 months (4-22 years and 9 months). RESULTS: There were 15 instances of whole-lung lavage and/or bronchoalveolar lavage in 7 @entity0 , and lavage was effective 40% of cases. Spontaneous improvement occurred 16 times and exacerbation occurred 7 times in 8 @entity0 . On chest X-ray films, the shadows disappeared in 5 of 8 (62.5%) @entity0 , and in 4 of 5 @entity0 , shadows disappeared 5 or more years after diagnosis of @entity1 . Pulmonary shadows have not disappeared in the remaining 3 @entity0 at the time of writing but have shown improvement compared with first presentation. There were no deaths. CONCLUSION: As indicated in previous reports, the long-term outcome of idiopathic @entity1 appears to be good.

title: [Eight cases of idiopathic XXXX followed up for more than 4 years].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background. Globally, in ch @entity0 he prevalence of overweight and ob @entity1 s increasing, and this is associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases in adulthood. There is a need to examine the growing trends of overweight and ob @entity1 n ch @entity0 nd their consequences in low- and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence of, and determine the relationship between, stunting and overweight among ch @entity0 n two provinces of South Africa. METHODS: Secondary data analysis was conducted on anthropometric measurements of 36 - 119-month-old ch @entity0 rom Gauteng and Mpumalanga provinces (N=519) participating in the South African National Food Consumption Survey - Fortification Baseline I (2005). The International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) body mass index (BMI) reference percentiles were used to determine overweight and ob @entity1 The World Health Organization standards were used to derive z-scores. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight was 12.0% (IOTF BMI >= 25 kg/m2), including 3.7% ob @entity1 IOTF BMI >= 30 kg/m2). The predominantly urban Gauteng Province had a significantly higher prevalence of overweight ch @entity0 14.1%) compared with Mpumalanga (6.3%) (p=0.0277). The prevalence of stunting was 17.0% (16.5% Gauteng, 18.2% Mpumalanga; p>0.05). There was a significant correlation (r=-0.32) between BMI and height-for-age z-scores (p<0.0001). In the ob @entity1 roup, 68.4% were stunted, while in the normal and underweight group only 13.6% were stunted. CONCLUSIONS: Stunted ch @entity0 ere more likely to be ob @entity1 Further research is necessary for clarity on the physiological mechanisms of this relationship. In the interim, prevention of stunting requires priority.

title: The relationship between stunting and overweight among XXXX from South Africa: Secondary analysis of the National Food Consumption Survey - Fortification Baseline I.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of childhood excessive @entity3 on long-term risk of adult @entity4 and arterial stiffness. METHODS: At baseline, in 1987, by using stratified cluster sampling design, 3 198 healthy @entity0 aged 6-18 were recruited from six primary schools and six middle schools from three districts (Chaoyang, Xicheng, and Haidian) in Beijing, with blood pressure, weight, height and left scapular skinfold thickness (LSSF) measured. From April 2010 to July 2012, 1 225 subjects were followed from childhood to adulthood. Questionnaire, biochemistry parameters, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) were measured at follow-up. Based on weight statuses in childhood and adulthood, subjects were classified into four groups (persistent non-overweight from childhood to adulthood, overweight in childhood but non-overweight in adulthood, non-overweight in childhood but overweight in adulthood, persistent overweight from childhood to adulthood). Multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between weight statuses changing from childhood to adulthood and adult high cfPWV and high cIMT. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight (including @entity1 ) at adulthood was 52.2% (639). Males had higher prevalence of smoking (62.5%(422/675) vs 29.4%(160/550),   (2)=133.21, P<0.001), drinking (52.1%(353/675) vs 26.1%(140/550),   (2)=87.13, P<0.001), overweight (including @entity1 ) (69.3% (468/675) vs 31.1% (171/550),   (2)=182.18, P< 0.001) than females. With adjusting for gender, age, and length of follow-up, the risk of high cfPWV and high cIMT increased by 26% and 58% for 1 units increase in BMI, and by 30% and 36% for 1 units increase in LSSF. Compared to subjects with persistent non-overweight from childhood to adulthood, subjects with overweight in childhood but non-overweight in adulthood had similar risks of high cfPWV (OR=1.59, 95%CI: 0.77-3.30)and high cIMT (OR=1.47, 95%CI:0.65-3.31). The risks of high cfPWV and high cIMT increased among subjects with non-overweight in childhood but overweight in adulthood (OR=1.92, 95%CI:1.37-2.68; OR=3.69, 95% CI:2.61- 5.23) and among subjects with persistent overweight from childhood to adulthood (OR=2.53, 95%CI:1.70-3.76; OR=5.37, 95%CI:3.62-7.97). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that a overweight @entity0 changed to a healthy weight adult, the risks of adult subclinical @entity2 and arterial stiffness would not be increased.

title: [Effect of childhood XXXX on long-term risks of @entity4 and arterial stiffness in adulthood].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of childhood excessive @entity3 on long-term risk of adult @entity4 and arterial stiffness. METHODS: At baseline, in 1987, by using stratified cluster sampling design, 3 198 healthy @entity0 aged 6-18 were recruited from six primary schools and six middle schools from three districts (Chaoyang, Xicheng, and Haidian) in Beijing, with blood pressure, weight, height and left scapular skinfold thickness (LSSF) measured. From April 2010 to July 2012, 1 225 subjects were followed from childhood to adulthood. Questionnaire, biochemistry parameters, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) were measured at follow-up. Based on weight statuses in childhood and adulthood, subjects were classified into four groups (persistent non-overweight from childhood to adulthood, overweight in childhood but non-overweight in adulthood, non-overweight in childhood but overweight in adulthood, persistent overweight from childhood to adulthood). Multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between weight statuses changing from childhood to adulthood and adult high cfPWV and high cIMT. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight (including @entity1 ) at adulthood was 52.2% (639). Males had higher prevalence of smoking (62.5%(422/675) vs 29.4%(160/550),   (2)=133.21, P<0.001), drinking (52.1%(353/675) vs 26.1%(140/550),   (2)=87.13, P<0.001), overweight (including @entity1 ) (69.3% (468/675) vs 31.1% (171/550),   (2)=182.18, P< 0.001) than females. With adjusting for gender, age, and length of follow-up, the risk of high cfPWV and high cIMT increased by 26% and 58% for 1 units increase in BMI, and by 30% and 36% for 1 units increase in LSSF. Compared to subjects with persistent non-overweight from childhood to adulthood, subjects with overweight in childhood but non-overweight in adulthood had similar risks of high cfPWV (OR=1.59, 95%CI: 0.77-3.30)and high cIMT (OR=1.47, 95%CI:0.65-3.31). The risks of high cfPWV and high cIMT increased among subjects with non-overweight in childhood but overweight in adulthood (OR=1.92, 95%CI:1.37-2.68; OR=3.69, 95% CI:2.61- 5.23) and among subjects with persistent overweight from childhood to adulthood (OR=2.53, 95%CI:1.70-3.76; OR=5.37, 95%CI:3.62-7.97). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that a overweight @entity0 changed to a healthy weight adult, the risks of adult subclinical @entity2 and arterial stiffness would not be increased.

title: [Effect of childhood @entity3 on long-term risks of XXXX and arterial stiffness in adulthood].

answer: @entity4


abstract: A 43-year-old female with @entity3 secondary to focal segmental @entity4 was admitted to the hospital for @entity6 after missing hemodialysis. On admission, the @entity0 was noted to have painful @entity2 consistent with @entity9 on biopsy. While undergoing aggressive wound care, she developed @entity5 and was found to be septic and started empirically on broad-spectrum antibiotics. The @entity0 was intubated on day 4 of admission owing to worsening mental status and @entity8 . She had persistent positive blood cultures throughout her hospitalization despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. On day 25 of admission, the @entity0 was found to have @entity7 . A radiograph revealed intra-abdominal free air, and the @entity0 was taken to the operating room where she was found to have perforated @entity1 bowel. The @entity0 expired on day 26 of admission. An autopsy revealed @entity9 within the gut wall and within the dura of the central nervous system. While typically a disorder of subcutaneous tissue, @entity9 can affect internal organs, which in this case resulted in a catastrophic outcome.

title: Abdominal catastrophe in a 43-year-old female with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery is beginning to include advanced laparoscopic operations such as Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication. However, the efficacy of LESS Heller myotomy has not been established. This study aimed to evaluate the authors' initial experience with LESS Heller myotomy for @entity2 . METHODS: Transumbilical LESS Heller myotomy with concomitant anterior fundoplication for @entity2 was undertaken for 66 @entity0 after October 2007. Outcomes including operative time, complications, and length of hospital stay were recorded and compared with those for an earlier contiguous group of 66 consecutive @entity0 undergoing conventional multi-incision laparoscopic Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication. Symptoms before and after myotomy were scored by the @entity0 using a Likert scale ranging from 0 (never/not severe) to 10 (always/very severe). Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test, and Fisher's exact test where appropriate. RESULTS: @entity0 undergoing LESS Heller myotomy were similar to those undergoing conventional laparoscopic Heller myotomy in gender, age, body mass index (BMI), @entity1 , and length of hospital stay. However, the @entity0 undergoing LESS Heller myotomies had operations of significantly longer duration (median, 117 vs. 93 min with the conventional laparoscopic approach) (p<0.003). For 11 @entity0 (16%) undergoing LESS Heller myotomy, additional ports/incisions were required. No @entity0 were converted to "open" operations, and no @entity0 had procedure-specific complications. Symptom reduction was dramatic and satisfying after both LESS and conventional laparoscopic myotomy with fundoplication. The symptom reduction was similar with the two procedures. The LESS approach left no apparent umbilical scar. CONCLUSION: Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication effectively treats @entity2 . The findings showed LESS Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication to be feasible, safe, and efficacious. Although the LESS approach increases operative time, it does not increase procedure-related morbidity or hospital length of stay and avoids apparent umbilical scarring. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery represents a paradigm shift to more minimally invasive surgery and is applicable to advanced laparoscopic operations such as Heller myotomy and anterior fundoplication.

title: Laparoendoscopic single-site Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 Dpr belongs to the Dps family of bacterial and archaeal proteins that oxidize @entity2 to @entity1 to protect microorganisms from oxidative damage. The oxidized @entity0 is subsequently deposited as @entity4 inside a protein cavity, resulting in the formation of an @entity0 core. The size and the magnetic properties of the @entity0 core have attracted considerable attention for nanotechnological applications in recent years. Here, the magnetic and structural properties of the @entity0 core in wild-type Dpr and four cavity mutants were studied. All samples clearly demonstrated a superparamagnetic behavior in superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry and M  ssbauer spectroscopy compatible with that of superparamagnetic @entity4 nanoparticles. However, all the mutants exhibited higher magnetic moments than the wild-type protein. Furthermore, measurement of the @entity0 content with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry revealed a smaller amount of @entity0 in the @entity0 cores of the mutants, suggesting that the mutations affect nucleation and @entity0 deposition inside the cavity. The X-ray crystal structures of the mutants revealed no changes compared with the wild-type crystal structure; thus, the differences in the magnetic moments could not be attributed to structural changes in the protein. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure measurements showed that the coordination geometry of the @entity0 cores of the mutants was similar to that of the wild-type protein. Taken together, these results suggest that mutation of the residues that surround the @entity0 storage cavity could be exploited to selectively modify the magnetic properties of the @entity0 core without affecting the structure of the protein and the geometry of the @entity0 core.

title: Magnetic properties and structural characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles formed by XXXX Dpr and four mutants.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Distinguishing between actions that are more likely or less likely to be rewarded is a critical aspect of goal-directed decision making. However, neuroanatomic and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. METHODS: We used anterograde tracing, viral-mediated gene silencing, functional disconnection strategies, pharmacologic rescue, and designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) to determine the anatomic and functional connectivity between the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and the amygdala in @entity0 . In particular, we knocked down @entity3 ( @entity3 ) bilaterally in the @entity1 or generated an @entity1 "disconnection" by pairing unilateral @entity1 @entity3 knockdown with lesions of the contralateral amygdala. We characterized decision-making strategies using a task in which @entity0 selected actions based on the likelihood that they would be reinforced. Additionally, we assessed the effects of DREADD-mediated @entity1 inhibition on the consolidation of action-outcome conditioning. RESULTS: As in other species, the @entity1 projects to the basolateral amygdala and dorsal striatum in @entity0 . Bilateral @entity3 knockdown within the ventrolateral @entity1 and unilateral @entity3 knockdown accompanied by lesions of the contralateral amygdala impede goal-directed response selection, implicating @entity3 -expressing @entity1 projection neurons in selecting actions based on their consequences. The @entity2 receptor kinase B agonist @entity4 rescues action selection and increases dendritic spine density on excitatory neurons in the @entity1 . @entity5 inhibition also rescues goal-directed response strategies, linking neural remodeling with outcome-based decision making. Finally, DREADD-mediated @entity1 inhibition weakens new action-outcome memory. CONCLUSIONS: Activity-dependent and @entity3 -dependent neuroplasticity within the @entity1 coordinate outcome-based decision making through interactions with the amygdala. These interactions brake reward-seeking habits, a putative factor in multiple psychopathologies.

title: Connections of the @entity0 Orbitofrontal Cortex and Regulation of Goal-Directed Action Selection by XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Distinguishing between actions that are more likely or less likely to be rewarded is a critical aspect of goal-directed decision making. However, neuroanatomic and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. METHODS: We used anterograde tracing, viral-mediated gene silencing, functional disconnection strategies, pharmacologic rescue, and designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) to determine the anatomic and functional connectivity between the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and the amygdala in @entity0 . In particular, we knocked down @entity3 ( @entity3 ) bilaterally in the @entity1 or generated an @entity1 "disconnection" by pairing unilateral @entity1 @entity3 knockdown with lesions of the contralateral amygdala. We characterized decision-making strategies using a task in which @entity0 selected actions based on the likelihood that they would be reinforced. Additionally, we assessed the effects of DREADD-mediated @entity1 inhibition on the consolidation of action-outcome conditioning. RESULTS: As in other species, the @entity1 projects to the basolateral amygdala and dorsal striatum in @entity0 . Bilateral @entity3 knockdown within the ventrolateral @entity1 and unilateral @entity3 knockdown accompanied by lesions of the contralateral amygdala impede goal-directed response selection, implicating @entity3 -expressing @entity1 projection neurons in selecting actions based on their consequences. The @entity2 receptor kinase B agonist @entity4 rescues action selection and increases dendritic spine density on excitatory neurons in the @entity1 . @entity5 inhibition also rescues goal-directed response strategies, linking neural remodeling with outcome-based decision making. Finally, DREADD-mediated @entity1 inhibition weakens new action-outcome memory. CONCLUSIONS: Activity-dependent and @entity3 -dependent neuroplasticity within the @entity1 coordinate outcome-based decision making through interactions with the amygdala. These interactions brake reward-seeking habits, a putative factor in multiple psychopathologies.

title: Connections of the XXXX Orbitofrontal Cortex and Regulation of Goal-Directed Action Selection by @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is caused by mutations in @entity10 and exhibits a widely variable expression. Usually @entity9 is heralded with continuous microhematuria which rapidly progresses to @entity5 , @entity2 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) by adolescence, frequently accompanied by @entity6 and @entity7 . Milder forms of @entity9 also exist. We studied 42 @entity0 (19M, 23F) of nine Hellenic families suspected clinically of X-linked @entity9 who presented with marked phenotypic heterogeneity. We identified mutations in @entity10 in six families. Two males with nonsense mutation @entity12 reached @entity4 by ages 14 and 18. Frameshift mutation @entity13 followed the same course with early onset @entity1 and @entity8 . However, two males with the milder missense mutation @entity14 , reached @entity4 after 39 years and one @entity0 showed @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Another 5/8 affected males with missense mutation @entity15 also developed @entity4 between 30 and 57 years, while three exhibit only mild @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The data support previous findings that certain mutations are associated with milder phenotypes and confirm that mutation @entity14 may be expressed as @entity1 with @entity11 . Similar conclusions apply for missense mutation @entity15 . Interestingly, mutations @entity14 and @entity15 are near the 12th natural interruption of @entity10 triple helical domain, which may explain the milder phenotype.

title: @entity9 in Hellenic families: phenotypic heterogeneity and mutations near interruptions of the collagen domain in XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: The @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is caused by mutations in @entity10 and exhibits a widely variable expression. Usually @entity9 is heralded with continuous microhematuria which rapidly progresses to @entity5 , @entity2 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) by adolescence, frequently accompanied by @entity6 and @entity7 . Milder forms of @entity9 also exist. We studied 42 @entity0 (19M, 23F) of nine Hellenic families suspected clinically of X-linked @entity9 who presented with marked phenotypic heterogeneity. We identified mutations in @entity10 in six families. Two males with nonsense mutation @entity12 reached @entity4 by ages 14 and 18. Frameshift mutation @entity13 followed the same course with early onset @entity1 and @entity8 . However, two males with the milder missense mutation @entity14 , reached @entity4 after 39 years and one @entity0 showed @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Another 5/8 affected males with missense mutation @entity15 also developed @entity4 between 30 and 57 years, while three exhibit only mild @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The data support previous findings that certain mutations are associated with milder phenotypes and confirm that mutation @entity14 may be expressed as @entity1 with @entity11 . Similar conclusions apply for missense mutation @entity15 . Interestingly, mutations @entity14 and @entity15 are near the 12th natural interruption of @entity10 triple helical domain, which may explain the milder phenotype.

title: XXXX in Hellenic families: phenotypic heterogeneity and mutations near interruptions of the collagen domain in @entity10 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neuraxial administration of @entity3 is an effective way of controlling @entity2 and reducing analgesic consumption. Some animal models have demonstrated that preemptive administration of neuraxial narcotics reduces @entity1 , while others have revealed the contrary. In addition, there have been no consistent results in clinical settings. This double-blind, randomized study compared the effects of pre- vs. post-incisional administration of neuraxial @entity3 on @entity2 perception and analgesic requirements over 48 hours following laparotomy for open colectomy under standardized general anesthesia. METHODS: Twenty @entity0 received epidural @entity3 (3 mg) before the incision and saline after wound closure (MO1 group), and twenty @entity0 received epidural saline before the incision and @entity3 after wound closure (MO2 group). Postoperatively, all @entity0 received @entity3 boluses (1.5 mg) via intravenous @entity0 -controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) and rescue doses of intramuscular @entity4 (75 mg) every 6 hours, as needed. RESULTS: MO1 @entity0 used significantly (P<0.05) more @entity3 than the MO2 group during the first 24 postoperative hours and activated the PCA device more frequently throughout the 48-hour study period. The MO1 group was characterized by significantly (P<0.05) higher self-rated @entity1 scores than the @entity5 group throughout the study. The self-rated levels of sedation and satisfaction of the MO2 @entity0 were also consistently better (P<0.05) than those of the MO1 @entity0 , especially during the second postoperative day. CONCLUSION: Pre-incisional epidural @entity3 in @entity0 undergoing open colonic surgery under general anesthesia was associated with more @entity2 , a greater need for analgesics, and poorer @entity0 satisfaction compared to post-incisional @entity3 administration.

title: XXXX and increased @entity3 consumption follow pre- rather than post-incisional single dose epidural @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neuraxial administration of @entity3 is an effective way of controlling @entity2 and reducing analgesic consumption. Some animal models have demonstrated that preemptive administration of neuraxial narcotics reduces @entity1 , while others have revealed the contrary. In addition, there have been no consistent results in clinical settings. This double-blind, randomized study compared the effects of pre- vs. post-incisional administration of neuraxial @entity3 on @entity2 perception and analgesic requirements over 48 hours following laparotomy for open colectomy under standardized general anesthesia. METHODS: Twenty @entity0 received epidural @entity3 (3 mg) before the incision and saline after wound closure (MO1 group), and twenty @entity0 received epidural saline before the incision and @entity3 after wound closure (MO2 group). Postoperatively, all @entity0 received @entity3 boluses (1.5 mg) via intravenous @entity0 -controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) and rescue doses of intramuscular @entity4 (75 mg) every 6 hours, as needed. RESULTS: MO1 @entity0 used significantly (P<0.05) more @entity3 than the MO2 group during the first 24 postoperative hours and activated the PCA device more frequently throughout the 48-hour study period. The MO1 group was characterized by significantly (P<0.05) higher self-rated @entity1 scores than the @entity5 group throughout the study. The self-rated levels of sedation and satisfaction of the MO2 @entity0 were also consistently better (P<0.05) than those of the MO1 @entity0 , especially during the second postoperative day. CONCLUSION: Pre-incisional epidural @entity3 in @entity0 undergoing open colonic surgery under general anesthesia was associated with more @entity2 , a greater need for analgesics, and poorer @entity0 satisfaction compared to post-incisional @entity3 administration.

title: @entity2 and increased XXXX consumption follow pre- rather than post-incisional single dose epidural @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neuraxial administration of @entity3 is an effective way of controlling @entity2 and reducing analgesic consumption. Some animal models have demonstrated that preemptive administration of neuraxial narcotics reduces @entity1 , while others have revealed the contrary. In addition, there have been no consistent results in clinical settings. This double-blind, randomized study compared the effects of pre- vs. post-incisional administration of neuraxial @entity3 on @entity2 perception and analgesic requirements over 48 hours following laparotomy for open colectomy under standardized general anesthesia. METHODS: Twenty @entity0 received epidural @entity3 (3 mg) before the incision and saline after wound closure (MO1 group), and twenty @entity0 received epidural saline before the incision and @entity3 after wound closure (MO2 group). Postoperatively, all @entity0 received @entity3 boluses (1.5 mg) via intravenous @entity0 -controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) and rescue doses of intramuscular @entity4 (75 mg) every 6 hours, as needed. RESULTS: MO1 @entity0 used significantly (P<0.05) more @entity3 than the MO2 group during the first 24 postoperative hours and activated the PCA device more frequently throughout the 48-hour study period. The MO1 group was characterized by significantly (P<0.05) higher self-rated @entity1 scores than the @entity5 group throughout the study. The self-rated levels of sedation and satisfaction of the MO2 @entity0 were also consistently better (P<0.05) than those of the MO1 @entity0 , especially during the second postoperative day. CONCLUSION: Pre-incisional epidural @entity3 in @entity0 undergoing open colonic surgery under general anesthesia was associated with more @entity2 , a greater need for analgesics, and poorer @entity0 satisfaction compared to post-incisional @entity3 administration.

title: @entity2 and increased @entity3 consumption follow pre- rather than post-incisional single dose epidural XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The European Union-as well as other parts of the world-faces a major challenge of increasing incidence of overweight/ @entity1 . In particular, the increase in @entity1 gives rise to a strong imperative for immediate action. Yet, little is known about the effectiveness of community interventions, and further research in this field is needed. There is, however, a growing consensus that such research should start from the paradigm that the current living environments tend to counteract healthy lifestyles. Questioning these environments thoroughly can help to develop new pathways for sustainable health-promoting communities. Against this background, the IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in @entity0 and @entity0 ) study developed and implemented innovative community-oriented intervention programmes for @entity1 prevention and healthy lifestyle primarily in @entity0 aged 2-10 years in eight European countries: Sweden, Estonia, Germany, Belgium, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Cyprus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The IDEFICS community-oriented intervention study mobilised an integrated set of interventional efforts at different levels of society, with the aim of facilitating the adoption of a healthy @entity1 -preventing lifestyle. The overall programme has been composed of 10 modules: three at community level, six at school level and one for parents. The main focus was on diet, physical activity and stress-coping capacity. The sphere of action encompassed both @entity0 and their (grand) parents, schools, local public authorities and influential stakeholders in the community. All materials for the interventions were centrally developed and culturally adapted. RESULTS: So far, the following has been achieved: focus group research, literature review and expert consultations were done in an early phase as a basis for the development of the intervention modules. The intervention mapping protocol was followed as guide for structuring the intervention research. The overall intervention programme's duration was 2 years, but a longer-term follow-up programme is under development. CONCLUSIONS: This large-scale European effort is expected to contribute significantly to the understanding of this major public health challenge.

title: The IDEFICS community-oriented intervention programme: a new model for XXXX prevention in Europe?

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To investigate the effect of @entity5 on gastrointestinal function in a @entity1 model of oral resuscitation for @entity3 . METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with intubation of the carotid artery, jugular vein and jejunum for 24 h were subjected to 35% total body surface area full-thickness burns, and were divided into three groups: no fluid resuscitation (NR, n = 10), in which animals did not receive fluid by any means in the first 24 h post-burn; oral fluid resuscitation (OR, n = 8), in which @entity1 were gavaged with @entity2 -electrolyte solution (GES) with volume and rate consistent with the Parkland formula; and oral fluid with @entity5 group (OR/CAR, n = 8), in which @entity1 were gavaged with GES containing @entity5 (20  g/kg), with the same volume and rate as the OR group. Twenty-four hours after burns, all animals were given intravenous fluid replacement, and 72 h after injury, they received nutritional support. Hemodynamic and gastrointestinal parameters were measured serially with animals in conscious and cooperative state. RESULTS: The mean arterial pressure, cardiac output and plasma volume dropped markedly, and gastrointestinal tissue perfusion was reduced obviously after the @entity0 in all the three groups. Hemodynamic parameters and gastrointestinal tissue perfusion in the OR and OR/CAR groups were promoted to pre-injury level at 48 and 72 h, respectively, while hemodynamic parameters in the NR group did not return to pre-injury level till 72 h, and gastrointestinal tissue perfusion remained lower than pre-injury level until 120 h post-burn. @entity4 of the gastric mucosa and intestinal mucosa blood flow of OR/CAR groups were 56.4    4.7 mmHg and 157.7    17.7 blood perfusion units (BPU) at 24 h post-burn, respectively, which were significantly superior to those in the OR group (65.8    5.8 mmHg and 127.7    11.9 BPU, respectively, all P < 0.05). Gastric emptying and intestinal absorption rates of GES were significantly reduced to the lowest level (52.8% and 23.7% of pre-injury levels) in the OR group at about 2 and 4 h post-burn, and did not return to 80% of pre-injury level until 24 h. In the first 24 h post-burn, the rate of gastric emptying and intestinal water absorption were elevated by a mean 15.7% and 11.5%, respectively, in the OR/CAR group compared with the OR group. At 5 days, the mortality in the NR group was 30% (3/10), 12.5% in the OR group (1/8), and none in the OR/CAR group. CONCLUSION: @entity5 had a beneficial effect on oral resuscitation of @entity3 by promoting gastric emptying and intestinal absorption in our @entity1 model.

title: XXXX promotes gastrointestinal function during oral resuscitation of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: To investigate the effect of @entity5 on gastrointestinal function in a @entity1 model of oral resuscitation for @entity3 . METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with intubation of the carotid artery, jugular vein and jejunum for 24 h were subjected to 35% total body surface area full-thickness burns, and were divided into three groups: no fluid resuscitation (NR, n = 10), in which animals did not receive fluid by any means in the first 24 h post-burn; oral fluid resuscitation (OR, n = 8), in which @entity1 were gavaged with @entity2 -electrolyte solution (GES) with volume and rate consistent with the Parkland formula; and oral fluid with @entity5 group (OR/CAR, n = 8), in which @entity1 were gavaged with GES containing @entity5 (20  g/kg), with the same volume and rate as the OR group. Twenty-four hours after burns, all animals were given intravenous fluid replacement, and 72 h after injury, they received nutritional support. Hemodynamic and gastrointestinal parameters were measured serially with animals in conscious and cooperative state. RESULTS: The mean arterial pressure, cardiac output and plasma volume dropped markedly, and gastrointestinal tissue perfusion was reduced obviously after the @entity0 in all the three groups. Hemodynamic parameters and gastrointestinal tissue perfusion in the OR and OR/CAR groups were promoted to pre-injury level at 48 and 72 h, respectively, while hemodynamic parameters in the NR group did not return to pre-injury level till 72 h, and gastrointestinal tissue perfusion remained lower than pre-injury level until 120 h post-burn. @entity4 of the gastric mucosa and intestinal mucosa blood flow of OR/CAR groups were 56.4    4.7 mmHg and 157.7    17.7 blood perfusion units (BPU) at 24 h post-burn, respectively, which were significantly superior to those in the OR group (65.8    5.8 mmHg and 127.7    11.9 BPU, respectively, all P < 0.05). Gastric emptying and intestinal absorption rates of GES were significantly reduced to the lowest level (52.8% and 23.7% of pre-injury levels) in the OR group at about 2 and 4 h post-burn, and did not return to 80% of pre-injury level until 24 h. In the first 24 h post-burn, the rate of gastric emptying and intestinal water absorption were elevated by a mean 15.7% and 11.5%, respectively, in the OR/CAR group compared with the OR group. At 5 days, the mortality in the NR group was 30% (3/10), 12.5% in the OR group (1/8), and none in the OR/CAR group. CONCLUSION: @entity5 had a beneficial effect on oral resuscitation of @entity3 by promoting gastric emptying and intestinal absorption in our @entity1 model.

title: @entity5 promotes gastrointestinal function during oral resuscitation of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of implant geometry on primary stability and on peri-implant @entity1 in an in vitro model using the Periotest and Osstell devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Screw-type implants of various diameters and lengths were inserted into @entity0 bone blocks of different densities, and the primary insertion stability was recorded. To study the influence of implant geometry on implant stability with different levels of peri-implant @entity1 , implants were inserted into acrylic resin blocks to mimic osseointegration, and different amounts of the peri-implant acrylic resin were removed. Measurements with both devices at each millimeter step yielded the threshold for the least detectable @entity2 . RESULTS: The predominant factors influencing implant stability were bone quality and @entity2 . Implant type and length exerted some influence on implant stability values, while variations in implant diameter produced only minor alterations in the measurements. In simulations of peri-implant @entity2 , implant stability decreased more dramatically for the shorter and narrower implants. The inclusion of more variables in the analyses resulted in less focused measurements. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study clearly show that the outcome of implant stability assessment depends on environmental factors such as bone quality and implant geometry. While the authors do not recommend the use of the Periotest or Osstell devices for a comparison of the stability of two individual implants, both should be useful to monitor the state of an individual implant over time.

title: Influence of implant geometry on primary insertion stability and simulated peri-implant XXXX : an in vitro study using resonance frequency analysis and damping capacity assessment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nasal septal surgery is a common procedure, but there are concerns that the benefits of this surgery are mainly cosmetic. OBJECTIVE OF REVIEW: The primary aim is to identify any functional benefits of septal surgery and provide any evidence of a change in patency of the nasal airway, as assessed by objective methods such as rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry and peak nasal inspiratory flow. TYPE OF REVIEW: Systematic review. SEARCH STRATEGY: A systematic search of the available literature was performed, using Pubmed, Medline (1950-November 2010), Embase (1947-November 2010) and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. Papers written in English that objectively compared pre- and post-surgical treatment of @entity1 in adults because of septal deviation were reviewed. Objective measurements of rhinomanometry, acoustic rhinometry and nasal peak inspiratory flow were specified within the search. Searches were restricted to surgery on the nasal septum, which included septoplasty, submucous resection and septal (deviation) corrective surgery. RESULTS: Seven studies (460 @entity0 ) involving rhinomanometry, six studies (182 @entity0 ) with acoustic rhinometry and one study (22 @entity0 ) using nasal peak inspiratory flow were included in the review. All the studies reported an objective improvement in nasal patency after septal surgery. Mean unilateral nasal resistance (data from six studies) decreased from preoperative 1.19 Pa/cm(3) /s to postoperative 0.39 Pa/cm(3) /s, mean minimum cross-sectional area (data from five studies) increased from preoperative 0.45 cm(2) to postoperative 0.61 cm(2) , median peak nasal inspiratory flow (data from one study) increased by 35 L/min after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: There is sufficient evidence in the literature to conclude that septal surgery improves objective measures of nasal patency and that improved nasal airflow may have beneficial effects for the @entity0 .

title: Objective evidence for the efficacy of surgical management of the deviated septum as a treatment for chronic XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity1