abstract: Gap and interpositional arthroplasties are the most commonly used methods in the treatment of temporomandibular joint @entity4 . Complete resection of @entity2 , fibrotic band release and creating gap between the condyle and the glenoid fossa have great importance. Two @entity0 were admitted to our clinic with complaints of @entity3 and joint @entity1 . In physical examination, maximum mouth opening values were recorded as 7 mm in one @entity0 and 9 mm in another. An operation was planned due the presence of radiological grade 4 bilateral bony @entity4 . During the operation, foreign materials were found in the joint spaces of the @entity0 . The first @entity0 had a piece of nylon bag in the joint space, whereas the second @entity0 had a @entity5 sheath used for wound therapy. Following removal of these materials, as a result of the recreation of joint spaces and the placement of suitable @entity5 blocks, 32 and 34 mm of mouth openings were noted during follow-up. In conclusion, recreated temporomandibular joint spaces after @entity4 surgery may be filled with a variety of autogenous or non-autogenously materials. However, the use of wrong materials inevitably causes recurrence and even worsens the primary condition.

title: Inappropriate use of foreign materials in temporomandibular joint XXXX surgery: report of two cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: There is still no consensus regarding the most appropriate protocol for managing symptomatic @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) presenting during early infancy. From January 1987 to April 1994, 83 @entity0 with @entity2 were operated on at less than 6 months of age. Sixty @entity0 (mean age 109 +/- 5 days) underwent primary repair and 23 (mean age 72 +/- 10 days) underwent initial palliation with a modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (MBTS) in 22 cases. No strict protocol was used but @entity0 who received initial palliation had lower weight, smaller pulmonary annulus or had an anomalous coronary artery. Nineteen of the @entity0 initially palliated underwent repair at a median of 13 months after palliation. During this interval, the pulmonary annulus size increased from a Z-value of -3.0 +/- 0.4 at palliation to -1.6 +/- 0.7 at repair (P = 0.06) and the summed diameters of pulmonary artery branches from -2.2 +/- 0.4 to -1.6 +/- 0.7 (P = 0.2). There were no operative @entity1 among the repaired @entity0 , but two @entity0 died early after shunt insertion. Transannular patch was required in 58% of the @entity0 regardless of the management protocol. Actuarial survival rate and freedom from reoperation at 48 months were 98.0% and 77.4% (P = 0.003) and 87.6% and 90.0% in primarily repaired and initially palliated @entity0 , respectively. Primary repair of @entity2 at the time of presentation is the preferred approach regardless of age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Surgery for XXXX at less than six months of age. Is palliation "old-fashioned"?

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Atherosclerotic changes of the coronary vascular wall include localized plaque formation and diffuse hardening, both of which influence tensile strength of the inner vascular wall. Insight into the relation between age, the @entity4 process and vessel wall elasticity may contribute to the prevention of secondary vascular wall damage. 2. To evaluate the determinants of coronary artery wall elasticity, we studied a group of 34 @entity0 , aged 54.6 +/- 10.1 years, who underwent balloon angioplasty for @entity3 . With the use of 30 MHz intravascular ultrasound, a total of 127 cross-sections of coronary artery segments outside the balloon area were studied. The echographic appearance of the intima was classified as normal intimal thickening, @entity2 and calcified lesions. @entity1 , which are believed to be rupture prone, were analysed separately. From the lumen area change, measured by semiautomated planimetry from digitized ultrasound images, and simultaneously measured aortic pressure change during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle, two elastic parameters were derived, pressure-strain modulus Ep and beta-stiffness. 3. In univariate analysis Ep and beta-stiffness were determined by age, vessel size, intimal composition, severity of lumen obstruction and gender, but not by eccentricity of the lesion or a specific coronary artery. In multivariate linear analysis, increased vessel wall stiffness was independently determined by advanced age, larger vessel size, intimal composition, and to a lesser extent by female gender. Elastic parameters of fibrofatty lesions were not different from other @entity2 . 4. Coronary artery wall elasticity is independently determined by age, vessel size and intimal composition.

title: Contribution of age and intimal lesion morphology to coronary artery wall mechanics in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The organization of microtubules within the surface caps of @entity1 embryos is described for the mitotic cycles of the @entity0 (particularly cycle 10), and for the subsequent cellularization process. @entity2 was labelled with the well characterized monoclonal antibody @entity3 (Kilmartin et al., J cell biol 93 (1982) 576). Each surface cap was found to contain an array of microtubules running around the nucleus. The microtubules originated at prominent centrosomes located close to the apical surface of each cap nucleus. During mitosis the spindle microtubules stained strongly for @entity2 . A novel finding was that the spindle microtubules of the interzone region appeared to reduce their connections with the centrosomes at the end of anaphase. The spindle remnant remained in position during telophase but then became smaller in size, disappearing by interphase. At this phase of the cell cycle duplication of the aster centrosomes occurred. The cellular blastoderm stage was marked by a change in the main axis of microtubule orientation. The centrosomes of each cap separated somewhat and formed initiation centres for the development of a well developed basket of microtubules around each nucleus, but now perpendicular to the surface. The microtubule baskets were seen to extend in parallel with nuclear elongation, but not in concert with growth of the cell membranes, which extended some way beneath the bases of the nuclei.

title: Microtubule arrays present during the syncytial and cellular blastoderm stages of the early XXXX embryo.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To review our experience using conformal treatment planning and high-dose radiotherapy for Stage IIIa and IIIb @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and to identify a subset of @entity0 best suited for this approach by analyzing multiple pretreatment @entity0 and @entity1 characteristics. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between December 1987 and June 1992, 37 @entity0 with @entity1 treated with high-dose radiotherapy using conformal radiotherapy were reviewed. The @entity0 characteristics were as follows: Stage IIIa (18 @entity0 ), IIIb [19]; @entity7 [13], T3-4 [24]; N0-1 [8], N2-3 [29]; and median age 63. All @entity0 were treated with 1.8-2.0 Gy fractions to a median dose of 66 Gy (range 60-70 Gy). Outcome was analyzed by multiple pretreatment variables including age, sex, Karnofsky performance score, pretreatment symptoms, stage group, T and N stage, @entity1 volume (calculated from computed tomography (CT) contours), presence of @entity4 , and @entity1 histology. Outcome was also analyzed by total radiotherapy dose. RESULTS: The median, 1-year and 2-year survival rates for the entire group were 19.5 months, 75 and 37%, respectively. The median, 1-year, and 2-year local progression-free survival rates are 15.6 months, 62 and 23%. There was no difference in survival by stage group (IIIa vs. IIIb) or by T or N stage. @entity1 volumes ranged from 47-511 cc in the @entity0 without @entity4 and were not a significant prognostic factor. Histology was found to be a significant prognostic factor, with @entity5 having a better overall survival and local progression-free survival than other histologies. No other @entity0 characteristic was found to be significant by either univariate or multivariate analysis. When outcome was analyzed by radiotherapy dose, no dose response was evident in the narrow dose range studied (60-70 Gy). @entity3 included two cases of @entity2 , which resolved with conservative therapy. CONCLUSION: High-dose conformal radiotherapy, in our experience, results in overall survival rates that compare favorably with trials of chemoradiotherapy or conventional radiotherapy with a low treatment-associated morbidity. However, local progression remains a significant problem despite median radiotherapy doses of 66 Gy. Future trials using escalating radiotherapy doses with conformal radiotherapy are therefore, indicated.

title: The treatment of XXXX using high dose conformal radiotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical features, characterize @entity0 , and evaluate mode of inheritance of @entity12 in Newfoundlands. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: Two families of Newfoundlands including 11 @entity1 with @entity10 , stranguria, or obstruction attributable to @entity6 calculi. PROCEDURE: Urinalysis and @entity8 spot tests were performed to evaluate @entity12 in the affected @entity1 . All calculi were analyzed by crystallography. @entity4 concentrations in urine and plasma of affected @entity1 were compared with those in clinically normal related @entity1 . @entity0 and reabsorption of @entity7 were determined in 5 affected Newfoundlands. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 had pure @entity6 calculi in the bladder, and 4 of these had renal @entity6 calculi. Affected @entity1 persistently excreted excessive amounts of @entity6 (> 500 nmol/mg of @entity5 ; reference = 54 +/- 38 nmol/mg of @entity5 ) and had typical @entity6 crystals in acidic urine. Urinary excretion of @entity11 , @entity3 , and @entity2 was also high. @entity1 with @entity12 had complete lack of reabsorption and active secretion of @entity6 , and reabsorption of @entity3 , @entity11 , and @entity2 was moderately impaired. Although clinical signs of @entity9 were observed only in males, cystinuric male and female offspring were produced from noncystinuric parents, consistent with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Obligate heterozygotes did not have clinical signs, and had normal urinary @entity6 content and renal @entity4 reabsorption. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Because detection of carriers by routine urinalysis is currently not possible, Newfoundlands with @entity12 and their parents and offspring should be excluded from breeding.

title: Inheritance of @entity12 and XXXX in Newfoundlands.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical features, characterize @entity0 , and evaluate mode of inheritance of @entity12 in Newfoundlands. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: Two families of Newfoundlands including 11 @entity1 with @entity10 , stranguria, or obstruction attributable to @entity6 calculi. PROCEDURE: Urinalysis and @entity8 spot tests were performed to evaluate @entity12 in the affected @entity1 . All calculi were analyzed by crystallography. @entity4 concentrations in urine and plasma of affected @entity1 were compared with those in clinically normal related @entity1 . @entity0 and reabsorption of @entity7 were determined in 5 affected Newfoundlands. RESULTS: Nine @entity1 had pure @entity6 calculi in the bladder, and 4 of these had renal @entity6 calculi. Affected @entity1 persistently excreted excessive amounts of @entity6 (> 500 nmol/mg of @entity5 ; reference = 54 +/- 38 nmol/mg of @entity5 ) and had typical @entity6 crystals in acidic urine. Urinary excretion of @entity11 , @entity3 , and @entity2 was also high. @entity1 with @entity12 had complete lack of reabsorption and active secretion of @entity6 , and reabsorption of @entity3 , @entity11 , and @entity2 was moderately impaired. Although clinical signs of @entity9 were observed only in males, cystinuric male and female offspring were produced from noncystinuric parents, consistent with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Obligate heterozygotes did not have clinical signs, and had normal urinary @entity6 content and renal @entity4 reabsorption. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Because detection of carriers by routine urinalysis is currently not possible, Newfoundlands with @entity12 and their parents and offspring should be excluded from breeding.

title: Inheritance of XXXX and @entity0 in Newfoundlands.

answer: @entity12


abstract: We have measured the excretion of a major urinary metabolite of @entity3 ( @entity2 ), i.e., @entity4 , during the infusion of exogenous @entity2 over a 50-fold dose range to enable estimation of the rate entry of endogenous @entity2 into the bloodstream. Four healthy male volunteers received 6-h i.v. infusions of venhicle alone and @entity2 at 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 ng/kg X min in random order. They were pretreated with @entity0 at a dose of 325 mg/d in order to suppress endogenous @entity2 production. Urinary @entity4 was measured before, during, and up to 24 h after the infusions and in @entity0 -free periods, by means of radioimmunoassay. The nature of the extracted immunoreactivity was characterized by thin-layer chromatography and confirmed by negative ion-chemical ionization gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. @entity0 treatment suppressed urinary @entity4 excretion by 80%. The fractional elimination of @entity4 was independent of the rate of @entity2 infusion and averaged 5.3 +/- 0.8%. Interpolation of metabolite values obtained in @entity0 -free periods onto the linear relationship between the quantities of infused @entity2 and the amount of metabolite excreted in excess of control values (y = 0.0066x, r = 0.975, P less than 0.001) permitted calculation of the mean rate of entry of endogenous @entity2 into the circulation as 0.11 ng/kg X min. The rate of disappearance of immunoreactive @entity2 from the circulation was monoexponential over the first 10 min with an apparent half-life of 7 min. This corresponded to a maximal estimate of the plasma concentration of endogenous @entity2 of 2.0 pg/ml. These results suggest that ex vivo platelet activation and/or analytical problems confound estimates of endogenous @entity1 release based on plasma @entity2 and provide a rationale for seeking longer-lived enzymatic metabolites of @entity2 in plasma.

title: Estimated rate of XXXX secretion into the circulation of normal humans.

answer: @entity1


abstract: To define the in vivo relation between abnormal wall motion and the area at risk for @entity0 after acute coronary occlusion, 11 open chest @entity2 were studied. Five @entity2 underwent left anterior descending @entity6 and six underwent left circumflex @entity3 . Area at risk was defined at five short-axis levels (mitral valve, chordal, high and low papillary muscle and apex) using myocardial contrast echocardiography. Wall motion was measured in the cycles preceding injection of contrast medium. Two observers used two different methods to measure wall motion. In method A, end-diastolic to end-systolic fractional radial change for each of 32 endocardial targets was determined. The extent of abnormal wall motion was then calculated using three definitions of wall motion abnormality: @entity5 / @entity5 , fractional inward endocardial excursion of less than 10%, and fractional inward endocardial excursion of less than 20%. In method B, the information from the entire systolic contraction sequence was analyzed and correlated with a normal contraction pattern. The best linear correlation between area at risk (AR) and abnormal wall motion (AWM) was achieved using method B and expressed by the following linear regression: AWM = 0.92 AR + 3.0 (r = 0.92, p less than 0.0001, SEE = 1.7%). Of the three definitions of abnormality used in method A, the best correlation was achieved between area at risk and less than 10% inward endocardial excursion and was expressed by the following polynomial regression: AWM = -0.01 AR2 + 1.5 AR -0.14 (r = 0.92, p less than 0.001, SEE = 1.7%). These data demonstrate that there is a definite relation between area at risk and abnormal wall motion but that this relation varies depending on the method used to analyze wall motion. However, wall motion during acute @entity1 is also influenced by the loading conditions of the heart. Because these may vary in a manner that is independent of the ischemic process, measurement of both risk area and abnormal motion may provide a more comprehensive assessment of cardiac function in @entity4 than is provided by the measurement of either alone.

title: Contrast echocardiography in XXXX . III. An in vivo comparison of the extent of abnormal wall motion with the area at risk for @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: To define the in vivo relation between abnormal wall motion and the area at risk for @entity0 after acute coronary occlusion, 11 open chest @entity2 were studied. Five @entity2 underwent left anterior descending @entity6 and six underwent left circumflex @entity3 . Area at risk was defined at five short-axis levels (mitral valve, chordal, high and low papillary muscle and apex) using myocardial contrast echocardiography. Wall motion was measured in the cycles preceding injection of contrast medium. Two observers used two different methods to measure wall motion. In method A, end-diastolic to end-systolic fractional radial change for each of 32 endocardial targets was determined. The extent of abnormal wall motion was then calculated using three definitions of wall motion abnormality: @entity5 / @entity5 , fractional inward endocardial excursion of less than 10%, and fractional inward endocardial excursion of less than 20%. In method B, the information from the entire systolic contraction sequence was analyzed and correlated with a normal contraction pattern. The best linear correlation between area at risk (AR) and abnormal wall motion (AWM) was achieved using method B and expressed by the following linear regression: AWM = 0.92 AR + 3.0 (r = 0.92, p less than 0.0001, SEE = 1.7%). Of the three definitions of abnormality used in method A, the best correlation was achieved between area at risk and less than 10% inward endocardial excursion and was expressed by the following polynomial regression: AWM = -0.01 AR2 + 1.5 AR -0.14 (r = 0.92, p less than 0.001, SEE = 1.7%). These data demonstrate that there is a definite relation between area at risk and abnormal wall motion but that this relation varies depending on the method used to analyze wall motion. However, wall motion during acute @entity1 is also influenced by the loading conditions of the heart. Because these may vary in a manner that is independent of the ischemic process, measurement of both risk area and abnormal motion may provide a more comprehensive assessment of cardiac function in @entity4 than is provided by the measurement of either alone.

title: Contrast echocardiography in @entity4 . III. An in vivo comparison of the extent of abnormal wall motion with the area at risk for XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In order to determine whether @entity1 would affect the hormonal patterns and the normal relationships between hormone pulses and sleep stages, the 24-hour profiles of @entity2 , @entity6 and plasma @entity3 activity (PRA) were analysed in 6 @entity1 @entity0 studied at Brazzaville and in 5 healthy African controls studied in Abidjan. Polysomnographic recordings were done continuously and blood was taken every 10 minutes throughout the 24-hour period. Plasma was analyzed for @entity2 , @entity6 and PRA. The circadian rhythm of @entity2 , considered as an example of an endogenous rhythm was attenuated in all the @entity0 but one, but as in normal subjects, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) remained associated with the declining phases of the secretory episodes. @entity6 and PRA profiles, which are strongly influenced by the sleep-wake cycle did not show the increase normally associated with long sleep periods and reflected the spreading of sleep and wakefulness throughout the 24-hour period. However, @entity4 ( @entity4 ) sleep began in @entity1 @entity0 , as in normal subjects, during the descending phases of @entity6 pulses. In both groups, PRA reflected the sleep stage distribution with non @entity4 (NREM) sleep occurring during the ascending phases and @entity4 sleep during the descending phases of the oscillations. However, in @entity1 @entity0 , the marked @entity5 often did not allow sufficient time for PRA to increase significantly, as observed with regular NREM- @entity4 sleep cycles. These results demonstrate that, together with the disruption of the sleep-wake cycle, there are profound differences in the temporal organization of the 24 hour hormone profiles in @entity0 @entity7 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Maintenance of the relation between the pulsed secretion of hormones and the internal sleep structure in @entity0 XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: In order to determine whether @entity1 would affect the hormonal patterns and the normal relationships between hormone pulses and sleep stages, the 24-hour profiles of @entity2 , @entity6 and plasma @entity3 activity (PRA) were analysed in 6 @entity1 @entity0 studied at Brazzaville and in 5 healthy African controls studied in Abidjan. Polysomnographic recordings were done continuously and blood was taken every 10 minutes throughout the 24-hour period. Plasma was analyzed for @entity2 , @entity6 and PRA. The circadian rhythm of @entity2 , considered as an example of an endogenous rhythm was attenuated in all the @entity0 but one, but as in normal subjects, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) remained associated with the declining phases of the secretory episodes. @entity6 and PRA profiles, which are strongly influenced by the sleep-wake cycle did not show the increase normally associated with long sleep periods and reflected the spreading of sleep and wakefulness throughout the 24-hour period. However, @entity4 ( @entity4 ) sleep began in @entity1 @entity0 , as in normal subjects, during the descending phases of @entity6 pulses. In both groups, PRA reflected the sleep stage distribution with non @entity4 (NREM) sleep occurring during the ascending phases and @entity4 sleep during the descending phases of the oscillations. However, in @entity1 @entity0 , the marked @entity5 often did not allow sufficient time for PRA to increase significantly, as observed with regular NREM- @entity4 sleep cycles. These results demonstrate that, together with the disruption of the sleep-wake cycle, there are profound differences in the temporal organization of the 24 hour hormone profiles in @entity0 @entity7 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Maintenance of the relation between the pulsed secretion of hormones and the internal sleep structure in XXXX @entity7 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Recently it has been demonstrated that retinal hemodynamics are disturbed in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 . As the underlying cause a reduction in perfusion pressure due to @entity6 (IOP) and @entity5 has been discussed. The present study was undertaken to clarify the influence of filtering surgery on retinal hemodynamics in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 . A total of 17 @entity0 with chronic @entity3 aged between 37 and 86 years were included in this prospective study. All @entity0 underwent digital @entity2 angiography before and 10 days after fistulating procedures. From the angiograms the arteriovenous passage time ( @entity4 ) and arterial mean dye-bolus velocity (MDV) were quantified by means of digital picture analysis. At baseline the @entity4 was significantly prolonged in the @entity0 as compared with reference values ( @entity4 , 2.5 +/- 0.8 versus 1.6 +/- 0.4 s; P < 0.01). After the fistulating procedure (IOP: before, 29 +/- 5 mmHg; after, 16 +/- 4 mmHg) the @entity4 was significantly reduced as compared with baseline values ( @entity4 , 2.5 +/- 0.8 versus 2.0 +/- 0.4 s; P < 0.05), whereas the MDV showed only a slight increase ( @entity7 .70 +/- 0.89 versus 5.99 +/- 0.92 mm/s; P > 0.05). This study confirms a disturbance of retinal hemodynamics in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 . The significant reduction in @entity4 observed after lowering of the IOP by fistulating procedures demonstrates the positive influence of IOP reduction on the retinal circulation. The improvement in retinal circulation may prevent the occurrence of further @entity1 after fistulating procedures.

title: Retinal hemodynamics in @entity0 with chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Recently it has been demonstrated that retinal hemodynamics are disturbed in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 . As the underlying cause a reduction in perfusion pressure due to @entity6 (IOP) and @entity5 has been discussed. The present study was undertaken to clarify the influence of filtering surgery on retinal hemodynamics in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 . A total of 17 @entity0 with chronic @entity3 aged between 37 and 86 years were included in this prospective study. All @entity0 underwent digital @entity2 angiography before and 10 days after fistulating procedures. From the angiograms the arteriovenous passage time ( @entity4 ) and arterial mean dye-bolus velocity (MDV) were quantified by means of digital picture analysis. At baseline the @entity4 was significantly prolonged in the @entity0 as compared with reference values ( @entity4 , 2.5 +/- 0.8 versus 1.6 +/- 0.4 s; P < 0.01). After the fistulating procedure (IOP: before, 29 +/- 5 mmHg; after, 16 +/- 4 mmHg) the @entity4 was significantly reduced as compared with baseline values ( @entity4 , 2.5 +/- 0.8 versus 2.0 +/- 0.4 s; P < 0.05), whereas the MDV showed only a slight increase ( @entity7 .70 +/- 0.89 versus 5.99 +/- 0.92 mm/s; P > 0.05). This study confirms a disturbance of retinal hemodynamics in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 . The significant reduction in @entity4 observed after lowering of the IOP by fistulating procedures demonstrates the positive influence of IOP reduction on the retinal circulation. The improvement in retinal circulation may prevent the occurrence of further @entity1 after fistulating procedures.

title: Retinal hemodynamics in XXXX with chronic @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Recent intensive neurophysiological experiments in the monkey have demonstrated the function of the cerebellum in the control of @entity1 . Microstimulation studies on monkeys have determined that the cerebellar cortex, which is specifically involved in the control of saccades, is located in vermal lobules VIc and VII. The Purkinje-cell axons arising from this vermal area terminate almost exclusively in an ellipsoidal region which protrudes dorsocaudally from the fastigial nucleus. Saccade-related cells in the fastigial nucleus are located exclusively in the ellipsoidal region. Microstimulation of the vermis modulated the activity of saccade-related cells in the fastigial nucleus, and then produced dysmetric saccades. In this study, we investigated effects of cerebellar stimulation on saccade metrics in @entity0 using a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) device. Focal @entity2 was applied over the posterior cerebellum at an area approximately 7 mm lateral and caudal to the inion during horizontal visually guided saccades in six normal subjects. The @entity2 device was triggered after the onset of saccades with a latency of 0, 20, 40 or 60 ms. We investigated the effect of @entity2 on the amplitude and velocity of @entity1 . For visually guided saccades directed contralateral to the stimulation side, @entity2 of the posterior cerebellum with the latency of 0 ms produced hypometric saccades followed by corrective saccades. Transcranial magnetic stimulation with latencies of 20, 40 and 60 ms had no effect on saccade metrics. On the other hand, for ipsilateral saccades, @entity2 with latencies of 0, 20 and 40 ms produced hypermetric saccades followed by postsaccadic drift.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Transcranial magnetic stimulation over the posterior cerebellum during visually guided saccades in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We report a newly identified syndrome in which nasal retinal fibres fail to decussate due to the inborn absence of an optic chiasm. Visual evoked potential (VEP) assessment and neuro-opththalmic evaluation in two unrelated, non-albino @entity0 revealed the unusual @entity1 in the form of misrouted retinal-fugal projections. Monocular VEP responses across the occiput, regardless of stimulus mode (full- or partial-field pattern onset, pattern reversal, luminance flash or high temporal frequency luminance flicker) showed unequivocal evidence of pathological VEP ipsilateral asymmetry. Marked attenuation of primary visual evoked responses from the occiput contralateral to the eye of stimulation, indicative of aberrant contralateral retinal-fugal projections, was confirmed by MRI which depicted the remarkable @entity3 . MRIs and neurological evaluation also confirmed the absence of accompanying congenital or acquired @entity4 . Ophthalmic evaluation revealed that both achiasmatic @entity0 had reduced distance acuity for age, alternating @entity6 , torticollis, head @entity2 and ocular motor instability; visual fields were normal. Eye movements were also monitored and indicated @entity7 waveforms in the horizontal plane; see-saw nystagmus was observed in the the horizontal plane; see-saw nystagmus was observed in the vertical and torsional planes. The age range of the two @entity0 during evaluation and follow-up, over a 6-year period, was about 4-15 years. Comparisons of VEP responses from age-matched normal, albino and idiopathic @entity7 controls, recorded under the same VEP test conditions, were also performed. In contrast to the achiasmatic ipsilateral inter-ocular asymmetry, the albinos showed the expected monocular VEP topography pattern of contralateral asymmetry. Also as expected, VEP profiles from the normal controls and those with @entity7 , evinced no aberrant asymmetry patterns. In general, the results indicate that the VEP misrouting protocol is indispensable for the non-invasive electrophysiological detection and differential diagnosis of optic pathway mutations and may well identify individuals with @entity7 or @entity5 that are, in fact, achiasmatic.

title: Non-decussating retinal-fugal fibre syndrome. An XXXX associated with visuotopic misrouting, visual evoked potential ipsilateral asymmetry and nystagmus.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unlike @entity8 , where the premalignant nature of @entity11 is well established, the @entity1 risk in @entity8 has generally been considered not increased. METHODS: This study reviews all cases of @entity8 reported in the English language to date to assess the occurrence and prognosis of @entity2 in the gastrointestinal tract. RESULTS: A total of 218 @entity0 met the inclusion criteria. Mean age at diagnosis was 18.5 years (range: 9 months to 67 years). No gender preference was identified. The most common presenting symptom was @entity4 , followed by @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity10 , and intussusception. A family history of @entity8 could be established in approximately 50% of @entity0 , and associated @entity5 were detected in 15%. Ninety-nine @entity0 underwent 138 gastrointestinal operations: 121 colorectal, 12 gastric, and 5 small intestinal procedures. The development of a @entity9 was reported in 36 cases (17%). Mean age at diagnosis of @entity2 was 35.5 years (range: 4-60 years). Most @entity1 were located in the distal colon and rectum, with only one case of gastric and one case of @entity2 . @entity1 stage at diagnosis was usually advanced, with poor survival figures. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that @entity6 carry a more significant risk of @entity2 than generally appreciated. Therefore, more intense endoscopic surveillance may be warranted, and definitive surgical options should often be considered in these syndromes.

title: Malignant potential in XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The metastatic status of the axillary nodes is prognostically important but its value has been questioned in the management of nonpalpable @entity0 . This study correlates the incidence of positive nodes with the size of the primary nonpalpable @entity3 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 220 invasive and 21 microinvasive @entity0 that were excised after needle localization and for which axillary dissections were subsequently performed. Of invasive @entity3 , 166 presented as mass lesions with or without microcalcifications and 54 as microcalcifications alone. The size of the mass lesions (n = 166) was determined mammographically and on pathologic specimens. They were subdivided into five groups according to diameter: (a) < or = 5 mm, (b) 6-10 mm, (c) 11-20 mm, (d) > 20 mm, and (e) unrecorded size. RESULTS: Axillary @entity2 were found in 9% of @entity1 whose @entity3 presented as microcalcifications alone. They were found in 0, 11, and 22% of @entity1 in mammographic groups, a, b, and c, respectively. In the corresponding groups in which size was determined from the pathology report, @entity2 were found in 5, 10, and 27%. CONCLUSION: The size of nonpalpable @entity0 measured on the excised gross specimen and by mammogram accurately predicts the likelihood of axillary node @entity2 .

title: Axillary node status in nonpalpable XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The severity of acute experimental @entity5 in @entity0 was assessed quantitatively with the aid of an automated image analyzer by measuring the amount of degenerating axons that had developed distal to the site of mechanical insult. @entity5 was produced in adult male @entity0 by epidural compression at T-11 with a @entity2 . On the 7th postoperative day, the animals were graded according to the degree of hindlimb @entity1 , as follows: Grade 0: normal (three @entity0 ); Grade 1: crawling with difficulty (10 @entity0 ); Grade 2: some @entity4 (nine @entity0 ); and Grade 3: no @entity4 (nine @entity0 ). The @entity0 were then sacrificed. The L-6 segment was chosen for selective @entity3 impregnation of degenerating axons by the Fink-Heimer method. @entity3 grains, representing degenerating axons and their terminals, were accumulated in the descending tracts and in Rexed's laminae VII and VIII. The extent of axonal damage was expressed by the percentage of the area occupied by @entity3 grains in Rexed's lamina VIII. The area occupied by @entity3 grains was 17.0% (mean) in Grade 0 @entity0 , 22.3% +/- 2.63% (mean +/- standard deviation) in Grade 1 @entity0 , 28.7% +/- 3.35% in Grade 2 @entity0 , and 35.9% +/- 2.76% in Grade 3 @entity0 . The severity in Grade 3 @entity0 was close to that of @entity0 with transected cords (37.6% +/- 0.89%). The differences among the groups were statistically significant (p less than 0.001). This method may serve as a useful tool for the objective assessment of therapeutic modalities in large series of small experimental animals.

title: Experimental XXXX : quantitation of axonal damage by automated image analysis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity8 ) after @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is considered an indication of decreased vagal and/or increased sympathetic tone. To determine the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) on @entity8 after @entity4 we studied 27 @entity0 with a first Q wave @entity4 , no signs of @entity5 and no history of arterial @entity2 or @entity1 . An additional group of 10 @entity0 with the same clinical characteristics served as controls. On the 5th day after the onset of @entity4 , three consecutive boluses of @entity6 were given intravenously and baseline @entity8 was taken as the mean slope of the linear regression lines of RR intervals over systolic blood pressure. QT interval was also measured and corrected according to Bazett's formula (QTc). Consequently, a single oral dose of @entity7 50 mg or placebo was given to treatment or control group @entity0 , respectively; @entity8 and QTc were reassessed 1 h later. One hour after @entity7 administration @entity8 increased from 5.95 +/- 2.80 to 9.14 +/- 3.46 ms.mmHg-1 (P < 0.0001); QTc increased from 414 +/- 46 to 425 +/- 46 ms (P < 0.0001), systolic blood pressure decreased from 125 +/- 19 to 115 +/- 15 mmHg (P = 0.0002), while heart rate did not change significantly. Baseline @entity8 was correlated only with age (r = -0.74, P < 0.0001). In the control group, 1 h after placebo, no difference was observed in any variable compared to baseline. @entity7 appears to improve @entity8 immediately in the early phase of @entity4 .

title: Acute effect of XXXX administration on baroreflex sensitivity in @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity8 ) after @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is considered an indication of decreased vagal and/or increased sympathetic tone. To determine the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) on @entity8 after @entity4 we studied 27 @entity0 with a first Q wave @entity4 , no signs of @entity5 and no history of arterial @entity2 or @entity1 . An additional group of 10 @entity0 with the same clinical characteristics served as controls. On the 5th day after the onset of @entity4 , three consecutive boluses of @entity6 were given intravenously and baseline @entity8 was taken as the mean slope of the linear regression lines of RR intervals over systolic blood pressure. QT interval was also measured and corrected according to Bazett's formula (QTc). Consequently, a single oral dose of @entity7 50 mg or placebo was given to treatment or control group @entity0 , respectively; @entity8 and QTc were reassessed 1 h later. One hour after @entity7 administration @entity8 increased from 5.95 +/- 2.80 to 9.14 +/- 3.46 ms.mmHg-1 (P < 0.0001); QTc increased from 414 +/- 46 to 425 +/- 46 ms (P < 0.0001), systolic blood pressure decreased from 125 +/- 19 to 115 +/- 15 mmHg (P = 0.0002), while heart rate did not change significantly. Baseline @entity8 was correlated only with age (r = -0.74, P < 0.0001). In the control group, 1 h after placebo, no difference was observed in any variable compared to baseline. @entity7 appears to improve @entity8 immediately in the early phase of @entity4 .

title: Acute effect of @entity7 administration on baroreflex sensitivity in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity8 ) after @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is considered an indication of decreased vagal and/or increased sympathetic tone. To determine the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) on @entity8 after @entity4 we studied 27 @entity0 with a first Q wave @entity4 , no signs of @entity5 and no history of arterial @entity2 or @entity1 . An additional group of 10 @entity0 with the same clinical characteristics served as controls. On the 5th day after the onset of @entity4 , three consecutive boluses of @entity6 were given intravenously and baseline @entity8 was taken as the mean slope of the linear regression lines of RR intervals over systolic blood pressure. QT interval was also measured and corrected according to Bazett's formula (QTc). Consequently, a single oral dose of @entity7 50 mg or placebo was given to treatment or control group @entity0 , respectively; @entity8 and QTc were reassessed 1 h later. One hour after @entity7 administration @entity8 increased from 5.95 +/- 2.80 to 9.14 +/- 3.46 ms.mmHg-1 (P < 0.0001); QTc increased from 414 +/- 46 to 425 +/- 46 ms (P < 0.0001), systolic blood pressure decreased from 125 +/- 19 to 115 +/- 15 mmHg (P = 0.0002), while heart rate did not change significantly. Baseline @entity8 was correlated only with age (r = -0.74, P < 0.0001). In the control group, 1 h after placebo, no difference was observed in any variable compared to baseline. @entity7 appears to improve @entity8 immediately in the early phase of @entity4 .

title: Acute effect of @entity7 administration on baroreflex sensitivity in XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Up to now there have been no descriptions in the literature of endocardial catheter mapping and successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of the right sided accessory pathway during sustained @entity1 . We attempted ablation of a right posterolateral and a right lateral accessory pathway during sustained @entity1 with rapid anterograde conduction over the accessory pathway in two @entity0 with @entity3 . In both @entity0 (aged 47 and 52 years), sustained @entity1 occurred during the electrophysiological study to assess accessory pathway conduction properties. The mean ventricular rate during @entity1 was 180 and 170 beats. @entity2 , respectively. Both @entity0 were successfully ablated with a single radiofrequency impulse. At the successful ablation sites, a potential of the accessory pathway was consistently recorded preceding the onset of preexcitation in the surface electrogram, by 25 ms in @entity0 1 and 30 ms in @entity0 2. The unipolar electrogram recorded from the ablation catheter showed a QS morphology and the accessory pathway potential preceded the intrinsic deflection by 10 ms in both @entity0 . Onset of the ventricular electrogram ( @entity0 1: -20 ms; @entity0 2: -15 ms) and its activation time ( @entity0 1: -15 ms; @entity0 2: +5 ms) in relation to the onset of preexcitation in the surface electrocardiogram also indicated the close proximity of the ablation catheter to the accessory pathway. Preexcitation disappeared within 2 s after energy application in both @entity0 . Thus, radiofrequency catheter ablation of right sided accessory pathways during sustained @entity1 is feasible and may obviate the need for medical or electrical cardioversion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of right sided accessory pathways during sustained XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 shock secondary to intraoperative or @entity1 requires urgent, aggressive resuscitation to achieve a successful outcome. Common difficulties encountered include the need for venous access, restoration of blood volume, and most important, maintenance of normothermia. The rapid solution administration set utilized in this study addresses the above limitations. @entity2 is quickly accomplished by the percutaneous insertion of a large-bore catheter into the central venous system. The set requires only one central venous entry site for adequate fluid resuscitation. Expeditious restoration of blood volume is accomplished by gravity-induced infusion of crystalloids, colloids, and blood products at flow rates of up to 1,600 ml/minute. High flow rates are obtained by utilizing low-resistance filters and large-bore perfusion tubing. Avoidance of transfusion-induced @entity4 is addressed by incorporation of an extracorporeal heat exchanger into the administration set. The infusate temperature is maintained at 37 degrees C regardless of the administration rate or the initial fluid temperature. In vitro and @entity0 in vivo testing demonstrated no significant @entity3 of the transfused blood and allowed maintenance of normothermia.

title: Normothermic rapid volume replacement for XXXX shock: an in vivo and in vitro study utilizing a new technique.

answer: @entity5


abstract: In the present work, twelve bacilli were isolated from four different regions of @entity0 skin from Bela population of Nagpur district, India. The isolated bacilli were identified by their morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. Seven isolates were Gram negative rods, out of which five were belong to genus Pseudomonas. Three among the five Gram positive isolates were identified as Dermabactor and the remaining two Bacillus. Their antimicrobial susceptibility profile was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The isolates showed resistance to several currently used broad-spectrum antibiotics. The Dermabactor genus was resistant to @entity4 , although it was earlier reported to be susceptible. Imipenem was found to be the most effective antibiotic for Pseudomonas while @entity1 , @entity3 and @entity2 were ineffective. Isolates of Bacillus displayed resistance to the extended spectrum antibiotics @entity9 and @entity7 . @entity5 , @entity8 and @entity6 were found to be the most effective antibiotics as all the investigated isolates were susceptible to them. Antibiotic resistance may be due to the overuse or misuse of antibiotics during the treatment, or following constant exposure to antibiotic-containing cosmetic formulations.

title: Antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacilli isolated from the skin of healthy XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: [Correction Notice: An Erratum for this article was reported in Vol 28(10) of (see record ). In the article, the third sentence of the Internal Consistency subsection of the Results section should read: Item 8, "Not being able to remember important parts of the @entity1 ," had an item-total correlation of .34, and Item 16, "Taking more risks or doing things that might cause you or others harm" had an item-total correlation of .44; the range of item-total correlations for the remaining 18 items was .62-.82, with an average of .70."] The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale for @entity5 (PDS-5), a self-report measure of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) based on diagnostic criteria of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity2 . @entity0 were 242 urban community residents, veterans, and college undergraduates recruited from 3 study sites who had experienced a @entity5 Criterion A traumatic experience. The PDS-5 demonstrated excellent internal consistency (a = .95) and test-retest reliability (r = .90) and good convergent validity with the @entity4 Checklist-Specific Version (r = .90) and the @entity4 Symptom Scale-Interview Version for @entity5 (PSSI-5; r = .85). The PDS-5 also showed good discriminant validity with the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the State-Trait @entity3 Inventory-Trait scale (all ZH > 3.05, ps < .01). There was 78% agreement between the PDS-5 and the PSSI-5. Receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded a cutoff score of 28 for identifying a probable @entity4 diagnosis. The PDS-5 is a valid and reliable measure of @entity5 @entity4 symptomatology. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Psychometric properties of the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale for XXXX (PDS-5).

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is a common @entity2 , but TGDC @entity3 is rare. @entity3 management is controversial, especially that of the orthotopic thyroid gland. We aim to provide an insight into the pathologic basis of this management controversy through the review of 28 @entity1 cases, thus far the largest such series to our knowledge. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. METHODS: Twenty-eight cases recorded as @entity1 in the hospital database were reviewed; their initial clinical diagnosis from medical chart review (DX1) and final pathological review diagnosis (DX2) through pathology slides review by our pathologist (blinded to DX1) were compared. The thyroid gland management and pathology were evaluated. RESULTS: In the 28 TGDC @entity3 (hospital-recorded diagnosis) @entity0 , DX1 and DX2 were respectively reported as 53% and 14% TGDC @entity3 , 11% and 29% as @entity4 primary, and 4% and 25% as metastatic Delphian node. Thirty-two percent of cases were in the indeterminate category, in both DX1 and DX2, but included different @entity0 . Thyroidectomy was performed in 54% of the cases, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was reported in 37% of these thyroid glands. Concurrent @entity5 was reported in all Delphian node and @entity6 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of @entity1 comprises a heterogeneous group that includes true @entity1 , @entity4 primary, Delphian node metastasis, and indeterminate cases. We propose a new terminology of upper neck @entity6 (UPTC) to denote this heterogeneous group and recommend a rational algorithm for management. Correct pathologic subcategory and thyroid ultrasonography are essential for optimal management of thyroid gland in UPTC cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Upper neck XXXX (UPTC): A new proposed term for the composite of thyroglossal duct cyst-associated @entity6 , @entity6 , and Delphian node @entity6 metastasis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is a common @entity2 , but TGDC @entity3 is rare. @entity3 management is controversial, especially that of the orthotopic thyroid gland. We aim to provide an insight into the pathologic basis of this management controversy through the review of 28 @entity1 cases, thus far the largest such series to our knowledge. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. METHODS: Twenty-eight cases recorded as @entity1 in the hospital database were reviewed; their initial clinical diagnosis from medical chart review (DX1) and final pathological review diagnosis (DX2) through pathology slides review by our pathologist (blinded to DX1) were compared. The thyroid gland management and pathology were evaluated. RESULTS: In the 28 TGDC @entity3 (hospital-recorded diagnosis) @entity0 , DX1 and DX2 were respectively reported as 53% and 14% TGDC @entity3 , 11% and 29% as @entity4 primary, and 4% and 25% as metastatic Delphian node. Thirty-two percent of cases were in the indeterminate category, in both DX1 and DX2, but included different @entity0 . Thyroidectomy was performed in 54% of the cases, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was reported in 37% of these thyroid glands. Concurrent @entity5 was reported in all Delphian node and @entity6 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of @entity1 comprises a heterogeneous group that includes true @entity1 , @entity4 primary, Delphian node metastasis, and indeterminate cases. We propose a new terminology of upper neck @entity6 (UPTC) to denote this heterogeneous group and recommend a rational algorithm for management. Correct pathologic subcategory and thyroid ultrasonography are essential for optimal management of thyroid gland in UPTC cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Upper neck @entity6 (UPTC): A new proposed term for the composite of thyroglossal duct cyst-associated XXXX , @entity6 , and Delphian node @entity6 metastasis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is a common @entity2 , but TGDC @entity3 is rare. @entity3 management is controversial, especially that of the orthotopic thyroid gland. We aim to provide an insight into the pathologic basis of this management controversy through the review of 28 @entity1 cases, thus far the largest such series to our knowledge. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. METHODS: Twenty-eight cases recorded as @entity1 in the hospital database were reviewed; their initial clinical diagnosis from medical chart review (DX1) and final pathological review diagnosis (DX2) through pathology slides review by our pathologist (blinded to DX1) were compared. The thyroid gland management and pathology were evaluated. RESULTS: In the 28 TGDC @entity3 (hospital-recorded diagnosis) @entity0 , DX1 and DX2 were respectively reported as 53% and 14% TGDC @entity3 , 11% and 29% as @entity4 primary, and 4% and 25% as metastatic Delphian node. Thirty-two percent of cases were in the indeterminate category, in both DX1 and DX2, but included different @entity0 . Thyroidectomy was performed in 54% of the cases, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was reported in 37% of these thyroid glands. Concurrent @entity5 was reported in all Delphian node and @entity6 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of @entity1 comprises a heterogeneous group that includes true @entity1 , @entity4 primary, Delphian node metastasis, and indeterminate cases. We propose a new terminology of upper neck @entity6 (UPTC) to denote this heterogeneous group and recommend a rational algorithm for management. Correct pathologic subcategory and thyroid ultrasonography are essential for optimal management of thyroid gland in UPTC cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Upper neck @entity6 (UPTC): A new proposed term for the composite of thyroglossal duct cyst-associated @entity6 , XXXX , and Delphian node @entity6 metastasis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is a common @entity2 , but TGDC @entity3 is rare. @entity3 management is controversial, especially that of the orthotopic thyroid gland. We aim to provide an insight into the pathologic basis of this management controversy through the review of 28 @entity1 cases, thus far the largest such series to our knowledge. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective. METHODS: Twenty-eight cases recorded as @entity1 in the hospital database were reviewed; their initial clinical diagnosis from medical chart review (DX1) and final pathological review diagnosis (DX2) through pathology slides review by our pathologist (blinded to DX1) were compared. The thyroid gland management and pathology were evaluated. RESULTS: In the 28 TGDC @entity3 (hospital-recorded diagnosis) @entity0 , DX1 and DX2 were respectively reported as 53% and 14% TGDC @entity3 , 11% and 29% as @entity4 primary, and 4% and 25% as metastatic Delphian node. Thirty-two percent of cases were in the indeterminate category, in both DX1 and DX2, but included different @entity0 . Thyroidectomy was performed in 54% of the cases, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was reported in 37% of these thyroid glands. Concurrent @entity5 was reported in all Delphian node and @entity6 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of @entity1 comprises a heterogeneous group that includes true @entity1 , @entity4 primary, Delphian node metastasis, and indeterminate cases. We propose a new terminology of upper neck @entity6 (UPTC) to denote this heterogeneous group and recommend a rational algorithm for management. Correct pathologic subcategory and thyroid ultrasonography are essential for optimal management of thyroid gland in UPTC cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Upper neck @entity6 (UPTC): A new proposed term for the composite of thyroglossal duct cyst-associated @entity6 , @entity6 , and Delphian node XXXX metastasis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIM: To examine survival outcomes of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) resection including mortality, morbidity and prognostic factors. METHODS: Multivariate analyses were carried out based on the survival data of all @entity0 with histologically confirmed @entity3 who underwent curative resection at Srinagarind Hospital from January 2006 to December 2011. RESULTS: There were 29 (19%) cases of intrahepatic CCA that involved hilar and 124 (81%) with hilar bile-duct @entity2 . R0 resection was carried out on 66 (43.1%) @entity0 of whom 50 (32.7%) also had lymph node @entity1 . The other @entity0 underwent R1 resection. The overall 5-year survival rate was 20.6% (95%CI: 13.8-28.4) and median survival time was 19.9 mo. Postoperative mortality was 2%, and 30% of @entity0 had complications. @entity0 without lymph node @entity1 were 60% less likely to die than those with @entity1 . Achieving R0 led to a 58% reduction in the chance of mortality as compared to R1. CONCLUSION: To achieve a better survival outcome, focus should center on performing radical surgery and detection of @entity0 with early stage @entity2 .

title: Outcome of curative resection for XXXX in Northeast Thailand.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 is a metabolic alteration in major burn @entity0 associated with complications. The study aimed at evaluating the safety of general ICU @entity2 control protocols applied in major burns receiving prolonged ICU treatment. METHODS: 15year retrospective analysis of consecutive, adult burn @entity0 admitted to a single specialized centre. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: death or length of stay <10 days, age <16years. VARIABLES: demographic variables, burned surface (TBSA), severity scores, infections, ICU stay, outcome. Metabolic variables: total energy, @entity3 and insulin delivery/24h, arterial blood @entity2 and CRP values. Analysis of 4 periods: 1, before protocol; 2, tight doctor driven; 3, tight nurse driven; 4, moderate nurse driven. RESULTS: 229 @entity0 , aged 45  20 years (mean  SD), burned 32  20% TBSA were analyzed. SAPSII was 35  13. TBSA, Ryan and ABSI remained stable. @entity1 increased. A total of 28,690 blood @entity2 samples were analyzed: the median value remained unchanged with a narrower distribution over time. After the protocol initiation, the normoglycemic values increased from 34.7% to 65.9%, with a reduction of hypoglycaemic events (no extreme @entity4 in period 4). Severe @entity5 persisted throughout with a decrease in period 4 (9.25% in period 4). Energy and @entity2 deliveries decreased in periods 3 and 4 (p<0.0001). Infectious complications increased during the last 2 periods (p=0.01). CONCLUSION: A standardized ICU @entity2 control protocol improved the glycemic control in adult burn @entity0 , reducing @entity2 variability. Moderate glycemic control in burns was safe specifically related to @entity4 , reducing the incidence of hypoglycaemic events compared to the period before. @entity5 persisted at a lower level.

title: Moderate glycemic control safe in critically ill adult burn XXXX : A 15 year cohort study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The presence of @entity4 in association with @entity8 has been well documented. @entity5 have been described in typical proximal sites along the feeding system to the @entity8 , in abnormal distal locations along feeding vessels, and in sites remote and apparently hemodynamically unrelated to the @entity8 . Little attention has been focused on the most appropriate medical and surgical care of @entity0 harboring these lesions. Since 1977, 22 @entity0 with this combination of lesions have been evaluated at our institution. Nine @entity0 (41%) presented after @entity7 . The remaining 13 @entity0 were investigated because of @entity3 in 5 @entity0 (23%), @entity1 in 4 @entity0 (18%), and progressive @entity2 in 4 @entity0 (18%). Among the @entity0 suffering @entity7 , 78% had bled from an @entity5 , with 22% having hemorrhaged from their @entity8 . All 7 of the @entity0 who suffered aneurysmal @entity6 bled from atypical distal @entity5 on major feeding vessels. Our experience and that of others has led us to believe that the safest approach to @entity0 with this combination of lesions is to treat the @entity5 before microsurgical resection of the associated @entity8 . Hemodynamic changes associated with the abrupt elimination of an @entity8 may place associated @entity5 at immediate risk.

title: Intracranial arteriovenous malformations associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of prenatal screening on the birth prevalence of three categories of @entity2 : abdominal wall defects (omphalocele and @entity3 ), @entity1 / @entity4 , and limb reduction defects. SETTING: Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom. METHODS: Data on the selected defects were obtained retrospectively from the population based Glasgow Register of @entity2 for the period 1980-91 inclusive. The register records all clinical or laboratory diagnoses of @entity2 in live births, stillbirths, and induced abortions occurring in @entity0 resident within the boundaries of the Greater Glasgow Health Board. The secular trends in the proportions of the defects diagnosed prenatally and terminated after screening, and in their prevalence at birth and during pregnancy, were examined. A total of 154,845 births were surveyed: 309 cases were identified in the selected anomaly categories. RESULTS: 83 cases of omphalocele/ @entity3 (5.4/10,000 births), 92 cases of @entity1 / @entity4 (5.9/10,000 births), and 134 cases of limb reduction defects (8.7/10,000 births) were found. Marked increases occurred over the study period in the proportions of cases diagnosed prenatally but not in the proportions terminated. The greatest difference between the prevalence at birth and during pregnancy was found for omphalocele. There were no significant secular trends in the prevalence of the selected defects. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal screening has made a limited epidemiological impact on the prevalence of these defects. It has been moderately (but inconsistently) effective in the avoidance of births of @entity0 with omphalocele/ @entity3 and @entity1 / @entity4 but not of limb reduction defects. Future efforts should be directed towards improving the technical aspects of the ultrasonographic detection of fetal abnormalities and exploring in detail, locally, the reasons for the varying pattern of decision making about termination of pregnancy among prospective parents.

title: Impact of prenatal screening and diagnosis on the epidemiology of structural XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The article presents the results of a clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of a novel pharmaceutical composition in the form of vaginal suppositories containing @entity3 in the course of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) I-II conservative treatment. It offers an attractive drug therapy for more personalized prevention of @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 78 @entity0 of reproductive age were included. This was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group trial with efficacy determined by histological evaluation of cervical biopsies. The efficacy of active drug treatment (100 and 200  mg/day) in both treatment groups was significantly higher in comparison with the placebo group, according to the primary efficacy end point (proportion of @entity0 with complete @entity2 regression after 90-180  days of the study drug treatment). RESULTS: The efficacies were 100.0  % (confidence interval (CI) 95  %: 82.35-100.00  %), 90.5  % (CI 95  %: 69.62-98.83  %), and 61.1  % (CI 95  %: 35.75-82.70  %), for the high dose, low does, and placebo, respectively. Adverse events in the placebo group were reported in 22  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 7.5-43.7  %); in the first treatment group (100  mg/day), adverse events were reported in 40.0  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 21.1-61.3  %); in the second treatment group (200  mg/day), adverse events were reported in 42.0  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 22.1-63.4  %). The differences in side effects between treatment groups treated with the active drug and placebo were statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported in any of the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the use of @entity3 in the form of intravaginal suppositories can be effective in @entity0 with @entity2 and is not accompanied by clinically significant side effects. This approach could be a better option for young @entity0 with @entity2 as it takes in attention their reproductive plans. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ID: ChiCTR-INR-15007497 (2 December 2015).

title: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial (phase IIa) on XXXX 's efficacy and safety in the treatment of @entity2 : implications for @entity1 prevention.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The article presents the results of a clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of a novel pharmaceutical composition in the form of vaginal suppositories containing @entity3 in the course of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) I-II conservative treatment. It offers an attractive drug therapy for more personalized prevention of @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 78 @entity0 of reproductive age were included. This was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group trial with efficacy determined by histological evaluation of cervical biopsies. The efficacy of active drug treatment (100 and 200  mg/day) in both treatment groups was significantly higher in comparison with the placebo group, according to the primary efficacy end point (proportion of @entity0 with complete @entity2 regression after 90-180  days of the study drug treatment). RESULTS: The efficacies were 100.0  % (confidence interval (CI) 95  %: 82.35-100.00  %), 90.5  % (CI 95  %: 69.62-98.83  %), and 61.1  % (CI 95  %: 35.75-82.70  %), for the high dose, low does, and placebo, respectively. Adverse events in the placebo group were reported in 22  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 7.5-43.7  %); in the first treatment group (100  mg/day), adverse events were reported in 40.0  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 21.1-61.3  %); in the second treatment group (200  mg/day), adverse events were reported in 42.0  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 22.1-63.4  %). The differences in side effects between treatment groups treated with the active drug and placebo were statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported in any of the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the use of @entity3 in the form of intravaginal suppositories can be effective in @entity0 with @entity2 and is not accompanied by clinically significant side effects. This approach could be a better option for young @entity0 with @entity2 as it takes in attention their reproductive plans. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ID: ChiCTR-INR-15007497 (2 December 2015).

title: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial (phase IIa) on @entity3 's efficacy and safety in the treatment of XXXX : implications for @entity1 prevention.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The article presents the results of a clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of a novel pharmaceutical composition in the form of vaginal suppositories containing @entity3 in the course of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) I-II conservative treatment. It offers an attractive drug therapy for more personalized prevention of @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 78 @entity0 of reproductive age were included. This was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group trial with efficacy determined by histological evaluation of cervical biopsies. The efficacy of active drug treatment (100 and 200  mg/day) in both treatment groups was significantly higher in comparison with the placebo group, according to the primary efficacy end point (proportion of @entity0 with complete @entity2 regression after 90-180  days of the study drug treatment). RESULTS: The efficacies were 100.0  % (confidence interval (CI) 95  %: 82.35-100.00  %), 90.5  % (CI 95  %: 69.62-98.83  %), and 61.1  % (CI 95  %: 35.75-82.70  %), for the high dose, low does, and placebo, respectively. Adverse events in the placebo group were reported in 22  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 7.5-43.7  %); in the first treatment group (100  mg/day), adverse events were reported in 40.0  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 21.1-61.3  %); in the second treatment group (200  mg/day), adverse events were reported in 42.0  % of @entity0 (CI 95  %: 22.1-63.4  %). The differences in side effects between treatment groups treated with the active drug and placebo were statistically significant. No serious adverse events were reported in any of the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the use of @entity3 in the form of intravaginal suppositories can be effective in @entity0 with @entity2 and is not accompanied by clinically significant side effects. This approach could be a better option for young @entity0 with @entity2 as it takes in attention their reproductive plans. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ID: ChiCTR-INR-15007497 (2 December 2015).

title: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial (phase IIa) on @entity3 's efficacy and safety in the treatment of @entity2 : implications for XXXX prevention.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 67-year-old @entity0 with @entity14 , disseminated @entity16 , and mitral valve replacement presented with @entity11 and peripheral @entity1 . Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated abnormal pulmonic valve with possible @entity2 . Color flow imaging showed laminar flow from main pulmonary artery into right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) in diastole. The continuous wave Doppler signal showed dense diastolic envelope with steep deceleration slope. These findings were consistent with severe @entity4 , possibly due to @entity9 . Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated an echodense mass attached to the pulmonic valve. The mitral valve bioprosthesis appeared intact. @entity12 were negative; however, serum histoplasma antigen was positive. At surgery, the valve appeared destroyed by vegetations. Gomori @entity10 silver-stains showed invasive fungal hyphae and @entity8 consistent with a dimorphic fungus. Valve cultures grew one @entity7 . @entity13 was continued based on expert infectious diseases diagnosis. After surgery, @entity11 and ankle @entity1 resolved. To the best of our knowledge, histoplasma @entity5 has not been previously reported. Isolated pulmonic @entity5 is rare, accounting for about 2% of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) cases. Fungi account for about 3% of cases of @entity5 . Characterization of pulmonary valve requires thorough interrogation with 2D and Doppler echocardiography techniques. Parasternal RVOT view allowed visualization of the pulmonary valve and assessment of regurgitation severity. As an anterior structure, it may be difficult to image with transesophageal echocardiography. Mid-esophageal right ventricular inflow-outflow view clearly showed the @entity4 . LEARNING POINTS: Identification and characterization of @entity6 require thorough interrogation with 2D and Doppler echocardiography techniques.Isolated pulmonary valve @entity3 is rare and requires high index of suspicion. @entity15 @entity3 is rare and requires high index of suspicion.

title: Severe @entity4 due to XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: A 67-year-old @entity0 with @entity14 , disseminated @entity16 , and mitral valve replacement presented with @entity11 and peripheral @entity1 . Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated abnormal pulmonic valve with possible @entity2 . Color flow imaging showed laminar flow from main pulmonary artery into right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) in diastole. The continuous wave Doppler signal showed dense diastolic envelope with steep deceleration slope. These findings were consistent with severe @entity4 , possibly due to @entity9 . Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated an echodense mass attached to the pulmonic valve. The mitral valve bioprosthesis appeared intact. @entity12 were negative; however, serum histoplasma antigen was positive. At surgery, the valve appeared destroyed by vegetations. Gomori @entity10 silver-stains showed invasive fungal hyphae and @entity8 consistent with a dimorphic fungus. Valve cultures grew one @entity7 . @entity13 was continued based on expert infectious diseases diagnosis. After surgery, @entity11 and ankle @entity1 resolved. To the best of our knowledge, histoplasma @entity5 has not been previously reported. Isolated pulmonic @entity5 is rare, accounting for about 2% of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) cases. Fungi account for about 3% of cases of @entity5 . Characterization of pulmonary valve requires thorough interrogation with 2D and Doppler echocardiography techniques. Parasternal RVOT view allowed visualization of the pulmonary valve and assessment of regurgitation severity. As an anterior structure, it may be difficult to image with transesophageal echocardiography. Mid-esophageal right ventricular inflow-outflow view clearly showed the @entity4 . LEARNING POINTS: Identification and characterization of @entity6 require thorough interrogation with 2D and Doppler echocardiography techniques.Isolated pulmonary valve @entity3 is rare and requires high index of suspicion. @entity15 @entity3 is rare and requires high index of suspicion.

title: Severe XXXX due to @entity9 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A major focus of our study was the ability to predict the long-term success of filtering surgery. The results of @entity5 filtering surgery (trabeculectomy) as performed by the staff of the University Eye Hospital of T  bingen from 1988 through 1994 on 254 eyes of 214 @entity0 are presented, with particular emphasis being placed not only on intraocular pressure (IOP) control but also the progression of @entity1 ( @entity4 or disc damage) and the etiology of visual acuity losses. There was an overall success rate of 64%. Rigid criteria for success included an IOP of less than 30 mmHg, no further @entity4 or disc damage, and no glaucomatous etiology for a decrease in visual acuity. A total of 35 eyes (13.8%) showed a @entity4 after 6 months amounting to 2 or more Snellen lines, caused mainly by lens opacification, @entity8 @entity6 , and "wipeout" (loss of the central visual field in the absence of another explanation). We found that there is a considerable risk for @entity4 after operation on older @entity0 with small residual visual fields and severe @entity8 on the 1st postoperative day. There was a 13% incidence of @entity3 . A total of 34 eyes had an early IOP rise of more than 30 mmHg after surgery. A @entity2 of less than 3 mmHg was more significantly seen in @entity0 treated with @entity7 . Moreover, the results show that in some instances, a long-term use of topically applied @entity5 medication can adversely affect the results of fistulizing surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The T  bingen @entity5 Study. XXXX filtering surgery--a retrospective long-term follow-up of 254 eyes with @entity5 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: A major focus of our study was the ability to predict the long-term success of filtering surgery. The results of @entity5 filtering surgery (trabeculectomy) as performed by the staff of the University Eye Hospital of T  bingen from 1988 through 1994 on 254 eyes of 214 @entity0 are presented, with particular emphasis being placed not only on intraocular pressure (IOP) control but also the progression of @entity1 ( @entity4 or disc damage) and the etiology of visual acuity losses. There was an overall success rate of 64%. Rigid criteria for success included an IOP of less than 30 mmHg, no further @entity4 or disc damage, and no glaucomatous etiology for a decrease in visual acuity. A total of 35 eyes (13.8%) showed a @entity4 after 6 months amounting to 2 or more Snellen lines, caused mainly by lens opacification, @entity8 @entity6 , and "wipeout" (loss of the central visual field in the absence of another explanation). We found that there is a considerable risk for @entity4 after operation on older @entity0 with small residual visual fields and severe @entity8 on the 1st postoperative day. There was a 13% incidence of @entity3 . A total of 34 eyes had an early IOP rise of more than 30 mmHg after surgery. A @entity2 of less than 3 mmHg was more significantly seen in @entity0 treated with @entity7 . Moreover, the results show that in some instances, a long-term use of topically applied @entity5 medication can adversely affect the results of fistulizing surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The T  bingen XXXX Study. @entity5 filtering surgery--a retrospective long-term follow-up of 254 eyes with @entity5 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: A major focus of our study was the ability to predict the long-term success of filtering surgery. The results of @entity5 filtering surgery (trabeculectomy) as performed by the staff of the University Eye Hospital of T  bingen from 1988 through 1994 on 254 eyes of 214 @entity0 are presented, with particular emphasis being placed not only on intraocular pressure (IOP) control but also the progression of @entity1 ( @entity4 or disc damage) and the etiology of visual acuity losses. There was an overall success rate of 64%. Rigid criteria for success included an IOP of less than 30 mmHg, no further @entity4 or disc damage, and no glaucomatous etiology for a decrease in visual acuity. A total of 35 eyes (13.8%) showed a @entity4 after 6 months amounting to 2 or more Snellen lines, caused mainly by lens opacification, @entity8 @entity6 , and "wipeout" (loss of the central visual field in the absence of another explanation). We found that there is a considerable risk for @entity4 after operation on older @entity0 with small residual visual fields and severe @entity8 on the 1st postoperative day. There was a 13% incidence of @entity3 . A total of 34 eyes had an early IOP rise of more than 30 mmHg after surgery. A @entity2 of less than 3 mmHg was more significantly seen in @entity0 treated with @entity7 . Moreover, the results show that in some instances, a long-term use of topically applied @entity5 medication can adversely affect the results of fistulizing surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The T  bingen @entity5 Study. @entity5 filtering surgery--a retrospective long-term follow-up of 254 eyes with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Analysis of @entity2 and @entity2 -associated markers following standard or high-dose treatments is crucial in order to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. During the last decade, several techniques have been proposed and used for detecting @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Each approach is characterized by advantages and limitations, mainly related to its sensitivity and specificity. The general limitations of such tests originates from the size of the sample which can be analysed and the heterogeneous distribution of @entity2 after treatment. Clinically useful methods for detecting @entity2 require not only sensitivity but also speed and reproducibility. The rate of false negative tests is low with polymerase chain reaction as well as flow cytometric analysis. Usually, @entity0 without persistent cells carrying @entity2 -associated markers have a lower risk of relapse. However, the detection of a persistent marker at one time point in complete remission cannot be considered a reliable indicator of @entity1 , whereas increase of positive signals or reappearance of leukemic markers usually precedes relapse. It is likely that one single approach will not allow the monitoring of the majority of @entity0 and that a combination of techniques will be needed. Definitive results will be obtained only through prospective studies in @entity0 receiving standardised therapy. Studies in which therapeutic strategies are designed according to the results provided by techniques for detecting @entity1 will be necessary to assess the relevance of their contribution to the treatment of @entity2 .

title: Techniques for detection of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Up to one-third of @entity1 @entity0 develop @entity3 ( @entity3 ) alloantibodies (inhibitors). The Bethesda assay detects inhibitors but is relatively insensitive. Recently, a new fluorescence-based immunoassay (FLI) was developed for antibody detection. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of inhibitors as measured by FLI. Assays of @entity3 , @entity3 inhibitor by Bethesda assay with Nijmegen modification, and @entity3 inhibitor by FLI were performed on adult @entity0 with @entity1 . Data were complete for 46 @entity0 (median age 39), of whom 72% were severe, 7% moderate and 22% mild. The Bethesda assay was positive in only two @entity0 (4%), while FLI was positive in 23 of 46 @entity0 (50%), with values ranging from 0.4 to 33.7 nm (median 3.5   nm). FLI titres exceeded 7.0 nm in 19.5% of @entity0 , all but one of whom had severe @entity1 . FLI antibody-positive @entity0 were less likely to be @entity2 positive (30% vs. 70%, P   =   0.02). The use of a prophylaxis regimen was associated with a lower incidence of antibody; only two of 23 @entity0 with detectable antibody and none of those with antibody >7   nm were on a prophylaxis regimen, while nine of 23 patients without antibody were on prophylaxis, (P = 0.03). There was no difference in inhibitor presence in @entity0 using recombinant versus plasma-derived factor. Antibodies detected by FLI are frequent in @entity0 with @entity1 , but are less common in those who are @entity2 positive or are receiving regular @entity3 prophylaxis.

title: Alloantibodies to XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Up to one-third of @entity1 @entity0 develop @entity3 ( @entity3 ) alloantibodies (inhibitors). The Bethesda assay detects inhibitors but is relatively insensitive. Recently, a new fluorescence-based immunoassay (FLI) was developed for antibody detection. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of inhibitors as measured by FLI. Assays of @entity3 , @entity3 inhibitor by Bethesda assay with Nijmegen modification, and @entity3 inhibitor by FLI were performed on adult @entity0 with @entity1 . Data were complete for 46 @entity0 (median age 39), of whom 72% were severe, 7% moderate and 22% mild. The Bethesda assay was positive in only two @entity0 (4%), while FLI was positive in 23 of 46 @entity0 (50%), with values ranging from 0.4 to 33.7 nm (median 3.5   nm). FLI titres exceeded 7.0 nm in 19.5% of @entity0 , all but one of whom had severe @entity1 . FLI antibody-positive @entity0 were less likely to be @entity2 positive (30% vs. 70%, P   =   0.02). The use of a prophylaxis regimen was associated with a lower incidence of antibody; only two of 23 @entity0 with detectable antibody and none of those with antibody >7   nm were on a prophylaxis regimen, while nine of 23 patients without antibody were on prophylaxis, (P = 0.03). There was no difference in inhibitor presence in @entity0 using recombinant versus plasma-derived factor. Antibodies detected by FLI are frequent in @entity0 with @entity1 , but are less common in those who are @entity2 positive or are receiving regular @entity3 prophylaxis.

title: Alloantibodies to @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is highly associated with premature @entity1 and cardiovascular events. The origin of this subclinical @entity1 has been attributed mainly to the inflammatory nature of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of long-term use of glucocorticoids on cardiovascular risk in @entity0 with @entity2 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a registry-based retrospective cohort study. We determined 2 periods: (1) Time 0, that is, time of diagnosis and (2) time 1, that is, when the study was finalized. At both times, the cardiovascular risk was evaluated using the Framingham scale and their scores were compared. Afterward, the change magnitude between the 2 times was evaluated and associated with the cumulative glucocorticoids dose. RESULTS: One hundred one @entity0 were included. The mean    SD age was 26.5    5 years. Length of disease evolution was of 7.8    4.9 years. There was an 8-point increase in the Framingham score, from -8.1    4 to 0.8    7; P < 0.0001. The correlation between the magnitude of the increase in Framingham score and their corresponding cumulative dose showed a coefficient of 0.88; P < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: The glucocorticoids are a primary factor that influences cardiovascular risk. There is a directly proportional relationship between the cumulative glucocorticoid dose and the increase in cardiovascular risk.

title: Impact of Chronic Glucocorticoid Treatment on Cardiovascular Risk Profile in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is highly associated with premature @entity1 and cardiovascular events. The origin of this subclinical @entity1 has been attributed mainly to the inflammatory nature of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of long-term use of glucocorticoids on cardiovascular risk in @entity0 with @entity2 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a registry-based retrospective cohort study. We determined 2 periods: (1) Time 0, that is, time of diagnosis and (2) time 1, that is, when the study was finalized. At both times, the cardiovascular risk was evaluated using the Framingham scale and their scores were compared. Afterward, the change magnitude between the 2 times was evaluated and associated with the cumulative glucocorticoids dose. RESULTS: One hundred one @entity0 were included. The mean    SD age was 26.5    5 years. Length of disease evolution was of 7.8    4.9 years. There was an 8-point increase in the Framingham score, from -8.1    4 to 0.8    7; P < 0.0001. The correlation between the magnitude of the increase in Framingham score and their corresponding cumulative dose showed a coefficient of 0.88; P < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: The glucocorticoids are a primary factor that influences cardiovascular risk. There is a directly proportional relationship between the cumulative glucocorticoid dose and the increase in cardiovascular risk.

title: Impact of Chronic Glucocorticoid Treatment on Cardiovascular Risk Profile in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 gametes and pre-implantation embryos express selectively several complement regulatory proteins. @entity2 ( @entity2 , @entity2 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 , @entity5 ) are regulators for C3 convertases and protectin ( @entity3 ) is an inhibitor of the membrane attack complex. These three proteins were identified on @entity0 sperm and found to be functional. @entity5 and @entity3 were both expressed by the plasmic membrane of unfertilized oocytes and pre-implantation embryos. @entity2 was not present on unfertilized oocytes but appeared at the 6/8 cell-stage embryo when @entity0 gene expression first occurs. @entity4 ( @entity4 , @entity4 ) and MHC class I antigens were not found on oocytes neither on embryos. Such a selective expression of complement regulatory proteins associated with the lack of MHC class I antigens may represent an immune protective mechanism by which @entity0 gametes and pre-implantation embryos escape from complement-mediated damage during their travel through the female genital tract. Indeed uterine, tubal and follicular fluids contain all the components of the complement cascade, including classical and alternative pathways. Nevertheless participation of @entity2 and @entity3 in cell to cell interaction during fertilization and/or implantation cannot be excluded. @entity3 is an adhesive molecule involved in the rosette phenomena and @entity2 has been described as the @entity0 receptor for @entity1 , which binds through a fusion protein. Monoclonal antibodies raised against these two proteins ( @entity2 and @entity3 ) are able to inhibit heterospecific fertilization between zona-free hamster oocytes and @entity0 spermatozoa suggesting the role of these proteins during fertilization.

title: [Expression and role of complement regulatory proteins on XXXX gametes and pre-implantation embryos].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis is known to cause significant morbidity in @entity0 in New Zealand. Little is known of the disease in adults. AIM: Our objective was to characterise a cohort of adults who presented to hospital with acute exacerbations of the disease. METHODS: We retrospectively collected information on all exacerbations treated as inpatients from a single hospital in South Auckland, New Zealand during 2002. RESULTS: We collected information on 307 exacerbations in 152 @entity0 . Twenty-seven per cent were of Maaori ethnic origin, and 44% Pacific. Seventy per cent lived in areas categorised as the 20% most deprived in New Zealand. Comorbid conditions were present in 80% of @entity0 - most commonly @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity2 . Seventy (46%) @entity0 had at least one readmission and 32 @entity0 (21%) died within 12 months of admission to hospital. Greater deprivation was associated with increased mortality at 12 months after admission after adjusting for other factors ( @entity6 , 95% CI 2.0-61, P= 0.006). In the subgroup who underwent high-resolution computed tomographic scanning (93), increasing severity of @entity5 (modified Bhalla score) was associated with readmission within 12 months (P= 0.004), but not mortality (P= 0.419). CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that exacerbations of @entity5 in South Auckland are more common in @entity0 who are predominantly of Maaori or Pacific descent and are socioeconomically deprived. Admission to hospital for an exacerbation is associated with high readmission and mortality rates.

title: Socioeconomic deprivation, readmissions, mortality and acute exacerbations of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Surgical correction of infantile @entity1 prior to age 2 is associated with a higher prevalence of fusion and stereopsis than surgical correction after 2 years of age. The advantages and disadvantages of surgical intervention at the early or late end of this window have been debated in the literature. In the present study, random dot (RD) stereoacuity outcomes were evaluated in order to determine whether a binocular sensory benefit is associated with early or late surgery. @entity0 were 73 healthy @entity0 enrolled in a prospective study of visual development in infantile @entity1 . All @entity0 had initial surgical correction at 5 to 16 months of age. RD stereoacuity was evaluated at approximately 5 years of age (59.7 +/- 14.9 months). Overall, 41.1% of @entity0 demonstrated RD stereopsis. The percentage of @entity0 demonstrating RD stereopsis was not significantly different among groups that were surgically corrected at 5 to 8 months (43.8%), 9 to 12 months (47.4%), and 13 to 16 months (31.8%). However, among those @entity0 who achieved RD stereopsis, the prevalence of foveal (< 60 sec) or macular (61 to 200 sec) stereoacuity was significantly higher among those who had surgery at 5 to 8 months (42.9%; Z = 2.06, p < 0.02) or 9 to 12 months (55.6%; Z = 2.38, p < 0.009) than among those who had surgery at 13 to 16 months (0.0%). Although surgical correction of infantile @entity1 during the first year of life is not associated with a higher prevalence of RD stereopsis, it is associated with better RD stereoacuity among those @entity0 who achieve stereopsis following surgery.

title: Random dot stereoacuity following surgical correction of infantile XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Within the past decade, bone marrow transplantation has been applied to over 200 @entity0 worldwide with the intention of treating @entity1 . Bone marrow transplantation has provided a method for treatment of @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity5 . After engraftment, significant improvement in the clinical course of each of these diseases occurs. Survival data of engrafted @entity0 are superior to those of non-transplanted. Engraftment and the resulting enzymatic reconstitution are concordant. Outcomes based on neuropsychological tests indicate continued maintenance and in some cases @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging as well as spectroscopic examinations of the brain provide further evidence that positive changes occur in the central nervous system following long-term engraftment. A better quality of life follows engraftment. Greater gains from use of bone marrow transplantation for these particular @entity1 will occur in the future. Earlier diagnosis will allow bone marrow transplantation in the presymptomatic stage at a younger age, providing an enhancement of positive effects noted from such treatment. At the same time, advances in bone marrow technology will serve to reduce the risk factors involved with the bone marrow transplantation process itself. These two factors taken together will be more than additive in providing benefits from use of bone marrow transplantation.

title: The future for treatment by bone marrow transplantation for adrenoleukodystrophy, XXXX , @entity6 and @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Within the past decade, bone marrow transplantation has been applied to over 200 @entity0 worldwide with the intention of treating @entity1 . Bone marrow transplantation has provided a method for treatment of @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity5 . After engraftment, significant improvement in the clinical course of each of these diseases occurs. Survival data of engrafted @entity0 are superior to those of non-transplanted. Engraftment and the resulting enzymatic reconstitution are concordant. Outcomes based on neuropsychological tests indicate continued maintenance and in some cases @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging as well as spectroscopic examinations of the brain provide further evidence that positive changes occur in the central nervous system following long-term engraftment. A better quality of life follows engraftment. Greater gains from use of bone marrow transplantation for these particular @entity1 will occur in the future. Earlier diagnosis will allow bone marrow transplantation in the presymptomatic stage at a younger age, providing an enhancement of positive effects noted from such treatment. At the same time, advances in bone marrow technology will serve to reduce the risk factors involved with the bone marrow transplantation process itself. These two factors taken together will be more than additive in providing benefits from use of bone marrow transplantation.

title: The future for treatment by bone marrow transplantation for adrenoleukodystrophy, @entity4 , XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Within the past decade, bone marrow transplantation has been applied to over 200 @entity0 worldwide with the intention of treating @entity1 . Bone marrow transplantation has provided a method for treatment of @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity5 . After engraftment, significant improvement in the clinical course of each of these diseases occurs. Survival data of engrafted @entity0 are superior to those of non-transplanted. Engraftment and the resulting enzymatic reconstitution are concordant. Outcomes based on neuropsychological tests indicate continued maintenance and in some cases @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging as well as spectroscopic examinations of the brain provide further evidence that positive changes occur in the central nervous system following long-term engraftment. A better quality of life follows engraftment. Greater gains from use of bone marrow transplantation for these particular @entity1 will occur in the future. Earlier diagnosis will allow bone marrow transplantation in the presymptomatic stage at a younger age, providing an enhancement of positive effects noted from such treatment. At the same time, advances in bone marrow technology will serve to reduce the risk factors involved with the bone marrow transplantation process itself. These two factors taken together will be more than additive in providing benefits from use of bone marrow transplantation.

title: The future for treatment by bone marrow transplantation for adrenoleukodystrophy, @entity4 , @entity6 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 connexin 36.7 ( @entity7 /ecx) has been identified as a key molecule in the early stages of heart development in this species. A defect in @entity7 causes severe @entity3 due to the downregulation of @entity4 expression, a result which resembles @entity1 in @entity0 . It has been shown that @entity7 is expressed specifically in early developing @entity1 . However, the regulatory mechanism for the cardiac-restricted expression of @entity7 remains to be elucidated. In this study we isolated the 5'-flanking promoter region of the @entity7 gene and characterized its promoter activity in @entity2 embryos. Deletion analysis showed that a 316-bp upstream region is essential for cardiac-restricted expression. This region contains four @entity6 elements, the proximal two of which are responsible for promoter activation in the embryonic heart and serve as binding sites for @entity6 . When @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity8 were simultaneously knocked down, the promoter activity was significantly decreased. Moreover, the deletion of the region between -316 and -133bp led to EGFP expression in the embryonic trunk muscle. The distal two @entity6 and A/T-rich elements in this region act as repressors of promoter activity in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that @entity7 expression is directed by cardiac promoter activation via the two proximal @entity6 elements as well as by skeletal muscle-specific promoter repression via the two distal @entity6 elements.

title: Characterization of the XXXX @entity7 gene promoter: Its regulation of cardiac-specific expression and skeletal muscle-specific repression.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 connexin 36.7 ( @entity7 /ecx) has been identified as a key molecule in the early stages of heart development in this species. A defect in @entity7 causes severe @entity3 due to the downregulation of @entity4 expression, a result which resembles @entity1 in @entity0 . It has been shown that @entity7 is expressed specifically in early developing @entity1 . However, the regulatory mechanism for the cardiac-restricted expression of @entity7 remains to be elucidated. In this study we isolated the 5'-flanking promoter region of the @entity7 gene and characterized its promoter activity in @entity2 embryos. Deletion analysis showed that a 316-bp upstream region is essential for cardiac-restricted expression. This region contains four @entity6 elements, the proximal two of which are responsible for promoter activation in the embryonic heart and serve as binding sites for @entity6 . When @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity8 were simultaneously knocked down, the promoter activity was significantly decreased. Moreover, the deletion of the region between -316 and -133bp led to EGFP expression in the embryonic trunk muscle. The distal two @entity6 and A/T-rich elements in this region act as repressors of promoter activity in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that @entity7 expression is directed by cardiac promoter activation via the two proximal @entity6 elements as well as by skeletal muscle-specific promoter repression via the two distal @entity6 elements.

title: Characterization of the @entity2 XXXX gene promoter: Its regulation of cardiac-specific expression and skeletal muscle-specific repression.

answer: @entity7