abstract: Sixteen consecutive @entity0 with bulky @entity2 were treated with primary radiotherapy from 1971 to 1982. Bulky @entity2 was defined as either Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) stage IIC (retroperitoneal metastases greater than 5 cm) or @entity5 (palpable retroperitoneal metastases) with no evidence of visceral or supradiaphragmatic disease. The median age was 38 years (range, 26 to 52) and the median size of @entity3 was 11.5 cm (range, 5 to 25 cm). @entity0 were treated with generous radiation ports (such as wide hockey-stick or whole abdomen) often followed by boosts to the sites of bulky disease. Median @entity1 dose was 3,235 cGy (range, 2,700 to 5,668 cGy). Mediastinal (with or without supraclavicular) prophylactic radiation was administered to 15 of the 16 @entity0 with a median dose of 2,590 cGy (range, 1,200 to 3,700 cGy). Treatment @entity4 was mild. All 16 @entity0 achieved a complete remission (CR) with radiotherapy. Median follow-up from the time of diagnosis was 60 months, and all @entity0 are currently disease-free. Two @entity0 recurred after therapy but were rendered disease-free with further radiation. These two relapsing @entity0 have remained disease-free, following initial recurrence, for 8 years. The excellent results obtained with modern imaging and radiotherapeutic techniques justify radiotherapy as the initial treatment of choice for bulky @entity2 .

title: Radiotherapy as initial treatment for bulky XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: This study aims to explore carer perceptions of training in out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity6 for emergency management of @entity4 . METHODS: A random sample of 100 families (from n = 198) who underwent training at the Sydney @entity0 's Hospitals Network, Randwick campus (2008-2012) were invited to participate in a telephone questionnaire. RESULTS: Sixty-three carers participated. Thirty-three @entity0 were female, median age at training was 4 years and @entity4 onset 2.75 years. @entity4 were generalised in 26 @entity0 and focal in 37. Common reasons for prescription included history of prolonged @entity4 (38%), recent diagnosis of @entity3 (33%) and overseas travel (11%). Ninety-eight per cent of carers reported that training instructions were clear, and 94% reported the risks of using @entity5 were satisfactorily explained. Ninety per cent felt confident to administer the drug following training and 62% completed first aid training as recommended. Suggestions for improvement included follow-up/review and additional demonstration/practice. Twenty-one carers (33%) reported giving buccal @entity6 a median five times, 67% reported it was effective in terminating the @entity4 and 71% called an ambulance as instructed. Problems reported in administration included excessive secretions and difficulties drawing up the solution. One @entity0 experienced breathing difficulties requiring @entity1 by the paramedics. Four @entity0 were admitted to @entity0 's intensive care unit with @entity2 requiring intubation. CONCLUSIONS: Training for out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity6 was considered valuable by carers. Only a third of the sample subsequently used @entity6 . Half of these carers reported problems in administration and one reported respiratory difficulty. These results highlight the importance of drug safety and efficacious training programmes.

title: Exploring carer perceptions of training in out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity6 for emergency management of XXXX (2008-2012).

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: This study aims to explore carer perceptions of training in out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity6 for emergency management of @entity4 . METHODS: A random sample of 100 families (from n = 198) who underwent training at the Sydney @entity0 's Hospitals Network, Randwick campus (2008-2012) were invited to participate in a telephone questionnaire. RESULTS: Sixty-three carers participated. Thirty-three @entity0 were female, median age at training was 4 years and @entity4 onset 2.75 years. @entity4 were generalised in 26 @entity0 and focal in 37. Common reasons for prescription included history of prolonged @entity4 (38%), recent diagnosis of @entity3 (33%) and overseas travel (11%). Ninety-eight per cent of carers reported that training instructions were clear, and 94% reported the risks of using @entity5 were satisfactorily explained. Ninety per cent felt confident to administer the drug following training and 62% completed first aid training as recommended. Suggestions for improvement included follow-up/review and additional demonstration/practice. Twenty-one carers (33%) reported giving buccal @entity6 a median five times, 67% reported it was effective in terminating the @entity4 and 71% called an ambulance as instructed. Problems reported in administration included excessive secretions and difficulties drawing up the solution. One @entity0 experienced breathing difficulties requiring @entity1 by the paramedics. Four @entity0 were admitted to @entity0 's intensive care unit with @entity2 requiring intubation. CONCLUSIONS: Training for out-of-hospital use of buccal @entity6 was considered valuable by carers. Only a third of the sample subsequently used @entity6 . Half of these carers reported problems in administration and one reported respiratory difficulty. These results highlight the importance of drug safety and efficacious training programmes.

title: Exploring carer perceptions of training in out-of-hospital use of buccal XXXX for emergency management of @entity4 (2008-2012).

answer: @entity6


abstract: Multimodality management of soft-tissue @entity5 of the extremity is often based on the presence or absence of residual primary disease. Reoperation is warranted or radiotherapy doses altered if the physician is aware that the @entity1 was incompletely excised. Most @entity0 with soft-tissue masses undergo an initial excision before definitive therapy. These initial unplanned total excisions are usually excisional biopsies for presumably benign disease. Ninety @entity0 were reviewed to evaluate the adequacy of unplanned total excision. All @entity0 underwent unplanned supposed total excisions. Most @entity0 were then treated with preoperative intraarterial @entity6 (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio) and radiation therapy, followed by wide reexcision of the prior operative field. Forty-six @entity0 (51.1%) had no gross @entity2 in the reoperative specimen. In two @entity0 , there was microscopic but not macroscopic disease. Forty-four @entity0 (48.9%) had identifiable macroscopic @entity3 in the reoperative specimen. When comparing these 44 @entity0 with visible (macroscopic) @entity2 to the remaining 46, no differences were seen in age, sex, stage, histologic type, time from excision to reoperation, or size of @entity4 . This previously unrecognized high incidence of gross @entity3 must be considered when planning definitive therapy. Unplanned total excisions are inadequate to remove @entity3 and, despite multimodality therapy, may result in local failure. Reoperation should be a planned part of definitive management for @entity0 with soft-tissue @entity5 of the extremity whenever the initial surgical procedure was done without a histologic diagnosis or was not planned to be a wide excision. If reoperation cannot be performed, radiotherapy doses to treat gross @entity3 should be used.

title: The rationale for planned reoperation after unplanned total excision of soft-tissue XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Chronic @entity1 is a common process, sometimes requiring nasal and paranasal sinus surgery. Extraocular @entity3 is a rare surgical complication of sinus surgery, but has been reported. Previous studies have been concerned with @entity4 to the medial rectus muscle resulting in severe @entity7 or restriction. This study reports five @entity0 with acquired strabismus and symptomatic vertical @entity6 secondary to sinus surgery. In all @entity0 , the resultant @entity6 was disabling. Four @entity0 had frontal sinus window surgery performed, with incisions placed in the supero-nasal quadrant of the orbit, below the eyebrow (a modified @entity8 ). Three @entity0 acquired a superior oblique paresis and the fourth developed a @entity10 . The location of the skin incision was @entity4 in the trochlear area. The fifth @entity0 underwent a nasal polypectomy and antrostomy with @entity5 and @entity9 . A mild @entity2 was the result.

title: Superior oblique and inferior XXXX following frontal and intranasal sinus surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Microsurgery is not the only option for larger @entity4 ( @entity4 ); recent reviews have confirmed the feasibility and efficacy of radiosurgery for larger @entity4 . This study illustrates the outcomes of a series of large @entity4 after multisession stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). METHODS A series of 33 @entity4 larger than 8 cm(3) (range 8-24 cm(3), mean 11 cm(3), median 9.4 cm(3)) were treated using the CyberKnife from 2003 to 2011 with the multisession SRS technique in 2-5 fractions (14-19.5 Gy). Five @entity0 had undergone surgical removal and 5 had ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Nine @entity0 were eligible for but refused surgery. Twelve @entity0 were older than 70 years and 5 were younger than 40 years. Two female @entity0 had @entity3 . RESULTS The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 111 months (median 48 months); radiological growth control was achieved in 94% of cases: 19 @entity1 (58%) displayed no size variation or reduction in @entity1 diameter; 12 (36%), after a transient enlargement, presented with arrested growth or shrinkage. Seven @entity0 had a volume reduction of more than 50%. Two @entity0 (6%) needed debulking and 2 were treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunts. Actuarial progressionfree survival rates at 1 year and 5 years were 97% and 83%, respectively. Hearing was retained in 7 of the 8 @entity0 with serviceable baseline hearing. Adverse events were limited to 1 case each of vertigo, @entity5 , and @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS The good control rate obtained with multisession SRS deepens the controversy of the radiobiology of @entity4 and may extend the indication of radiation therapy (fractionated or SRS) for large @entity4 to include @entity0 without symptoms of mass effect. The limited number of cases and short follow-up period do not provide sufficient support for widespread application of multisession SRS in young @entity0 . Further studies with multisession SRS are warranted.

title: Multisession stereotactic radiosurgery for large XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A study to determine the value of contrast enemas in diagnosing and managing intestinal strictures following nonoperative treatment of @entity2 was performed from 1978 through 1983. From 1974 through 1977, 17 @entity0 survived nonoperative treatment of NEC and three developed symptomatic strictures, an incidence of 18% (3/17). Since then a total of 31 @entity0 were treated for NEC; three @entity0 survived operation for perforation and there were seven deaths, leaving 21 in the study group. Sixteen @entity0 had contrast enemas three to six weeks after resolution of NEC, which revealed strictures in five @entity0 . Four of the five @entity0 with strictures demonstrated on contrast enema were without obstructive symptoms. Three of the four remained asymptomatic without treatment, and one eventually required surgery for @entity1 . The fifth @entity0 developed @entity1 while still in the nursery and a contrast study demonstrated an ileal stricture. A sixth @entity0 had a normal contrast study and developed @entity1 from an ileal stricture. The incidence of strictures was 38% (6/16). In five @entity0 , appointments for contrast studies were not kept, although clinical follow-up was complete in all. The incidence of symptomatic strictures for the contrast study period was therefore 14% (3/21). Although some authors have recommended routine contrast enemas in @entity0 surviving nonoperative treatment of NEC, contrast enemas had no advantage over clinical follow-up in the management of @entity0 in this study. We have discontinued the use of routine contrast enemas in favor of close follow-up and careful instruction to parents as to the early signs of @entity1 .

title: Routine contrast enemas for diagnosing and managing strictures following nonoperative treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to analyze how the progression of cervical dilatation in active labor can be predicted by digital assessment in low-risk pregnant @entity0 , in spontaneous labor at term. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective observational study was performed on 328 @entity0 with singleton term gestations experiencing midwife-led labor according to local protocols, progressing to full dilatation and spontaneous delivery without any medical intervention. Mixed nonlinear models were adopted to (i) model individual cervical data into centile curves and (ii) calculate the time needed to gain 1 cm in cervical dilatation (TNG1cm ) modeled as a function of current dilatation. We correlated the first and the last @entity1 cm on parturients with at least four cervical data points. RESULTS: @entity1 cm showed large variations, both before and after 6 cm. This variability of natural progression of cervical curves described by the 10th and 90th centiles exceeded the differences observed in published curves from cohorts homogeneous for parity, weight and ethnicity. There was no significant correlation between the first and the last @entity1 cm . Neonatal base excess was not significantly different in @entity0 with @entity1 cm <10th centile and >90th centile. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of cervical dilatation, traced by parsimonious nonlinear mixed models, is largely unpredictable in the case of spontaneous naturally progressing labor, even when possible larger individual variability is excluded by prudent clinical rules. Future research in labor and delivery should be focused on the diagnosis of the causes that lie behind apparently erratic cervical changes.

title: Progression of cervical dilatation in normal XXXX labor is unpredictable.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Ten @entity1 were subjected to total extrinsic cardiac denervation. The negative inotropic responses of their hearts were compared with those of nine normal controls with respect to @entity2 ( @entity4 ; 0.1-1.0 micrograms) and @entity3 (0.5-100 micrograms) administered intra-coronary. The @entity1 were on cardiopulmonary bypass and atrial and ventricular contractility were measured by means of a four-chamber isovolumic technique. At the end of this phase of the experiment, atrial strips were removed for in vitro evaluation of negative inotropic responses to @entity4 (1 X 10(-8) to 1 X 10(-6) M) and @entity3 (1 X 10(-6) to 1 X 10(-4) M). Both in vivo and in vitro methods demonstrated a leftward shift of the dose-response curve for @entity3 in denervated hearts, indicative of denervation @entity0 . @entity0 to @entity4 was seen in atria in vitro but not in vivo. An additional 13 @entity1 were used only for in vitro studies. There was no difference in response between these @entity1 and those which had been used for both in vivo and in vitro studies. The results support the in vivo observation that the intrinsic cardiac neurons become supersensitive to nicotinic activation after extrinsic denervation. In addition, in vitro testing revealed @entity0 to @entity4 which was not detected by in vivo methods. Inasmuch as the in vivo and the in vitro testing were done on the same animals, a method for determining equivalence for in vivo doses and in vitro concentrations is presented.

title: Comparison of in vivo and in vitro cholinergic responses of normal and denervated XXXX hearts.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity0 gastrointestinal tract harbors a highly complex microbial community that comprises hundreds of different types of bacterial cells. The gastrointestinal microbiota plays an important role in the function of the host intestine. Most @entity1 @entity0 undergoing pelvic irradiation experience side effects such as @entity3 ; however, little is currently known about the effects of irradiation on the microorganisms colonizing the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gamma irradiation on the compositions of the large and small intestinal microbiotas. The gut microbiotas in control @entity2 and @entity2 receiving irradiation treatment were characterized by high-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Irradiation treatment induced significant alterations in the bacterial compositions of the large and small intestines at the genus level. Unexpectedly, irradiation treatment increased the number of operational taxonomic units in the small intestine but not the large intestine. In particular, irradiation treatment increased the level of the genera Alistipes in the large intestine and increased the level of the genus Corynebacterium in the small intestine. By contrast, compared with that in the corresponding control group, the level of the genera Prevotella was lower in the irradiated large intestine, and the level of the genera Alistipes was lower in the irradiated small intestine. Overall, the data presented here reveal the potential microbiological effects of pelvic irradiation on the gastrointestinal tracts of @entity1 @entity0 .

title: High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals alterations of XXXX intestinal microbiota after radiotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: This study's aim is to compare the ability of two ECG criteria to differentiate @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from @entity4 ( @entity4 ): Brugada et al. [ @entity2 ( @entity2 ) leads] and Vereckei et al. [frontal plane (FP), specifically aVR lead], having electrophysiological study (EPS) as gold standard. After comparing, suggestions for better diagnosis of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in emergency situations were made. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifty-one consecutive @entity0 with 12-lead ECG registered during EPS-induced regular @entity3 were selected. Each ECG was split into two parts: @entity2 (V1-V6) and FP (D1-D3, aVR, aVL, and aVF), randomly distributed to three observers, blinded for EPS diagnosis and complementary ECG plane, resulting in total 306 ECG analyses. Observers followed the four steps of both algorithms, counting time-to-diagnosis. Global sensitivity, specificity, percentage of incorrect diagnoses, and step-by-step positive/negative likelihood ratios (+LR and -LR) were calculated. Kaplan-Meier curve was plotted for final time-to-diagnosis. Inter-observer agreement was assessed with kappa-statistic. Global sensitivity was similarly high in FP and @entity2 algorithms (89.2 vs. 90.1%), and incorrect classifications were 27.4 vs. 24.7%. Forty-eight correct analyses by Vereckei criteria took 9.13 s to diagnose @entity1 in the first step, showing that first step was fast, with high +LR, generating nearly conclusive pre- (72.6%) to post-test (98.0%) changes for @entity1 probability. CONCLUSION: Both algorithms as a whole are similar for diagnosis of WTC; however, the first step of Vereckei (initial R in aVR) is a simple, reproducible, accurate, and fast tool to use. The negativity of this step requires a 'holistic' approach to distinguish @entity1 from @entity4 .

title: Differential diagnosis of wide XXXX : comparison of two electrocardiographic algorithms.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Two groups of @entity0 were implanted with ALZET minipumps to deliver vehicle or a theoretical amount of 1 mg/kg per h of @entity5 (A) for 12 days. After 3 days of A-exposure, motor movements and stereotypic behavior were markedly increased. Subsequent testing during A-exposure showed that motor movements and stereotypic behavior remained significantly increased but declined. After removal of the pumps, these effects disappeared and no differences at rest, during stress or A challenge, were apparent in either group. Animals sacrificed after 3 days of drug exposure, showed a drastic decrease in cardiac, but not adrenal, @entity8 levels. In the brain, @entity3 (NE) levels were markedly decreased in the frontal cortex, @entity6 , caudate, pons-medulla and cerebellum. @entity4 (E) levels were unaffected and @entity2 (DA) levels were decreased in most areas without reaching statistical significance. Plasma @entity7 levels were similar in both groups. Animals in both groups sacrificed about 25 days after pump removal were biochemically similar. Under our conditions, A-exposure produced marked behavioral and biochemical changes but there was no evidence of @entity1 after cessation of drug treatment.

title: Biochemical and behavioral changes in @entity0 during and after chronic XXXX exposure.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Two groups of @entity0 were implanted with ALZET minipumps to deliver vehicle or a theoretical amount of 1 mg/kg per h of @entity5 (A) for 12 days. After 3 days of A-exposure, motor movements and stereotypic behavior were markedly increased. Subsequent testing during A-exposure showed that motor movements and stereotypic behavior remained significantly increased but declined. After removal of the pumps, these effects disappeared and no differences at rest, during stress or A challenge, were apparent in either group. Animals sacrificed after 3 days of drug exposure, showed a drastic decrease in cardiac, but not adrenal, @entity8 levels. In the brain, @entity3 (NE) levels were markedly decreased in the frontal cortex, @entity6 , caudate, pons-medulla and cerebellum. @entity4 (E) levels were unaffected and @entity2 (DA) levels were decreased in most areas without reaching statistical significance. Plasma @entity7 levels were similar in both groups. Animals in both groups sacrificed about 25 days after pump removal were biochemically similar. Under our conditions, A-exposure produced marked behavioral and biochemical changes but there was no evidence of @entity1 after cessation of drug treatment.

title: Biochemical and behavioral changes in XXXX during and after chronic @entity5 exposure.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In @entity0 with @entity7 , clinical symptoms such as exertional @entity8 , @entity6 and @entity5 are considered to be rather the consequence of diastolic than of @entity1 of the left ventricle. Beta-blocker therapy is aimed at reducing systolic overcontraction while @entity2 blockers predominantly therapy is aimed at reducing systolic overcontraction while @entity2 blockers predominantly improve diastolic filling characteristics. Therefore 61 consecutive @entity0 with well defined @entity7 were treated with @entity2 channel blockers: 60 @entity0 with @entity9 at average dose 530 mg (320 to 720 mg/d) and one @entity0 received 30 mg @entity3 . All @entity0 had clinical, noninvasive and cardiac catheterization evaluation at the time of entry into the study. Therapy was continued for an average of 54 months (10 to 96). Follow-up studies were performed at 6-month intervals. Subjective improvement was achieved in 47 of 55 symptomatic @entity0 (85%). Heart size, judged as heart volume from tele-chest X-ray in supine position, showed a reduction in 36/61, no change in 15/61 and increase in 10/61. On average in all 61 @entity0 , a significant reduction from 947 to 833 ml/1.73 m2 was seen. Twenty-six @entity0 who had been followed for an average of 24 months prior to @entity9 therapy on beta blockers or no treatment had heart volume increases averaging 12% in the pre- @entity9 period. Electrocardiography (ECG) showed a significant reduction in QRS amplitude and a tendency towards normalization of ST/T segments. Serial echocardiography study showed small but significant reduction in left atrial diameter. Repeat catheterization was performed in 19 @entity0 and a significant reduction in intraventricular pressure gradient, left ventricular muscle mass and coronary artery diameter was demonstrated. Three @entity0 died during the study (256 @entity0 -treatment-years) for an annual mortality rate of 1.3%. This mortality is considerably lower than reported for @entity0 receiving no treatment, beta-blockade, or surgery. Of all 61 @entity0 only one had surgery related to the @entity7 . One @entity0 had the dose of @entity9 reduced because of the occurrence of @entity4 . No @entity0 discontinued the drug because of side-effects. Utilizing serial noninvasive and invasive studies, we conclude that @entity9 therapy in @entity7 results in objective and subjective improvement, a low death rate and little need for operation as compared to standard therapy.

title: Treatment of XXXX : relation to pathological mechanisms.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to review the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of cases of @entity7 in non-Asian @entity13 @entity0 with clinical concern for @entity3 and compare these features with cases of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in Asian @entity0 . A total of 10 non-Asian @entity13 @entity0 with @entity7 were included in this study. Nine of them underwent partial hepatic resection due to cholangiographic findings of segmental cholangiectasia with mural thickening and/or proximal biliary stricture. One was found to have markedly dilated and thickened intrahepatic bile ducts at the time of autopsy. Clinical and radiographic findings were reviewed. @entity9 stains and immunostains for immunoglobulin G4, cluster of differentiation ( @entity11 ), and @entity12 were performed. Six comparison cases of @entity5 in Asian @entity13 @entity0 were also examined. Histologic examination of resection specimens revealed markedly dilated large intrahepatic bile ducts with variable degrees of mural @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity1 , and liver parenchymal atrophy. These changes were not associated with a ductular reaction. There was no evidence of @entity4 or @entity10 in any cases. No gross or microscopic feature definitively separated the Asian from non-Asian @entity0 . The etiology of this disorder in non-Asian @entity13 @entity0 is unclear. It does not appear to represent a localized variant of @entity14 or @entity6 . The high degree of similarity shared by these cases and classic @entity5 suggests a common pathogenic mechanism, although the pathologic features tend to be less well developed in the cases from the non-Asian @entity13 @entity0 .

title: Segmental cholangiectasia clinically worrisome for XXXX : comparison with @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to review the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of cases of @entity7 in non-Asian @entity13 @entity0 with clinical concern for @entity3 and compare these features with cases of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in Asian @entity0 . A total of 10 non-Asian @entity13 @entity0 with @entity7 were included in this study. Nine of them underwent partial hepatic resection due to cholangiographic findings of segmental cholangiectasia with mural thickening and/or proximal biliary stricture. One was found to have markedly dilated and thickened intrahepatic bile ducts at the time of autopsy. Clinical and radiographic findings were reviewed. @entity9 stains and immunostains for immunoglobulin G4, cluster of differentiation ( @entity11 ), and @entity12 were performed. Six comparison cases of @entity5 in Asian @entity13 @entity0 were also examined. Histologic examination of resection specimens revealed markedly dilated large intrahepatic bile ducts with variable degrees of mural @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity1 , and liver parenchymal atrophy. These changes were not associated with a ductular reaction. There was no evidence of @entity4 or @entity10 in any cases. No gross or microscopic feature definitively separated the Asian from non-Asian @entity0 . The etiology of this disorder in non-Asian @entity13 @entity0 is unclear. It does not appear to represent a localized variant of @entity14 or @entity6 . The high degree of similarity shared by these cases and classic @entity5 suggests a common pathogenic mechanism, although the pathologic features tend to be less well developed in the cases from the non-Asian @entity13 @entity0 .

title: Segmental cholangiectasia clinically worrisome for @entity3 : comparison with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: A rare 5% of cutaneous @entity6 (cSCC) metastasize, lack FDA-approved therapies, and carry a poor prognosis. Our aim was to identify recurrent genomic alterations in this little-studied population of metastatic cSCCs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed targeted sequencing of 504 @entity2 -associated genes on lymph node @entity1 in 29 @entity0 with cSCC and identified mutations and somatic copy-number alterations associated with metastatic cSCC. We determined significantly mutated, deleted, and amplified genes and associated genomic alterations with clinical variables. RESULTS: The cSCC genome is heterogeneous with widely varying numbers of genomic alterations and does not appear to be associated with @entity8 . We found previously identified recurrently altered genes ( @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity11 ) but also a wide spectrum of oncogenic mutations affecting RAS/RTK/ @entity10 , squamous differentiation, cell cycle, and chromatin remodeling pathway genes. Specific mutations in known oncogenic drivers and pathways were correlated with inferior @entity0 outcomes. Our results suggest potential therapeutic targets in metastatic cSCC, including @entity10 , @entity9 , @entity4 , and @entity3 , similar to those reported in SCCs of the lung and head and neck, suggesting that clinical trials could be developed to accrue @entity0 with SCCs from multiple sites of origin. CONCLUSIONS: We have genomically characterized a rare cohort of 29 metastatic cSCCs and identified a diverse array of oncogenic alterations that can guide future studies of this disease. Clin Cancer Res; 21(6); 1447-56.   2015 AACR.

title: Genomic analysis of metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 mutations are frequent driver mutations in multiple @entity0 . @entity4 mutations also induce anti- @entity5 antibody resistance in @entity2 such as @entity3 . The aim of this study was to overcome anti- @entity5 antibody resistance by coupling the antibody to @entity4 -specific siRNA. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The anti- @entity5 antibody was chemically coupled to siRNA. The resulting complex was tested for antibody binding efficiency, serum stability and ability to deliver siRNA to @entity5 -expressing cells. Western blotting, viability, apoptosis, and colony formation assays were performed for efficacy evaluation in vitro. Furthermore, therapeutic activity of the antibody- @entity4 -siRNA complexes was examined in in vivo xenograft @entity1 @entity0 models. RESULTS: Antibody-siRNA complexes were targeted and internalized via the @entity5 receptor. Upon internalization, target gene expression was strongly and specifically repressed, followed by a reduced proliferation and viability, and induced apoptosis of the cells in vitro. Clonogenic growth of mutant @entity4 -bearing cells was suppressed by @entity4 -siRNA-anti- @entity5 antibody complexes. In xenograft mouse models, anti- @entity5 antibody- @entity4 -siRNA complexes significantly slowed @entity0 growth in anti- @entity5 -resistant cells. CONCLUSIONS: The coupling of siRNA against @entity4 to anti- @entity5 antibodies provides a novel therapy approach for @entity4 -mutated @entity5 -positive @entity0 cells in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide an innovative approach for @entity0 -specific siRNA application and for enhanced therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibody therapy and personalized treatment of @entity0 entities. Clin Cancer Res; 21(6); 1383-94.   2015 AACR.

title: Antibody-Mediated Delivery of Anti- @entity4 -siRNA In Vivo Overcomes Therapy Resistance in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 mutations are frequent driver mutations in multiple @entity0 . @entity4 mutations also induce anti- @entity5 antibody resistance in @entity2 such as @entity3 . The aim of this study was to overcome anti- @entity5 antibody resistance by coupling the antibody to @entity4 -specific siRNA. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The anti- @entity5 antibody was chemically coupled to siRNA. The resulting complex was tested for antibody binding efficiency, serum stability and ability to deliver siRNA to @entity5 -expressing cells. Western blotting, viability, apoptosis, and colony formation assays were performed for efficacy evaluation in vitro. Furthermore, therapeutic activity of the antibody- @entity4 -siRNA complexes was examined in in vivo xenograft @entity1 @entity0 models. RESULTS: Antibody-siRNA complexes were targeted and internalized via the @entity5 receptor. Upon internalization, target gene expression was strongly and specifically repressed, followed by a reduced proliferation and viability, and induced apoptosis of the cells in vitro. Clonogenic growth of mutant @entity4 -bearing cells was suppressed by @entity4 -siRNA-anti- @entity5 antibody complexes. In xenograft mouse models, anti- @entity5 antibody- @entity4 -siRNA complexes significantly slowed @entity0 growth in anti- @entity5 -resistant cells. CONCLUSIONS: The coupling of siRNA against @entity4 to anti- @entity5 antibodies provides a novel therapy approach for @entity4 -mutated @entity5 -positive @entity0 cells in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide an innovative approach for @entity0 -specific siRNA application and for enhanced therapeutic potential of monoclonal antibody therapy and personalized treatment of @entity0 entities. Clin Cancer Res; 21(6); 1383-94.   2015 AACR.

title: Antibody-Mediated Delivery of Anti- XXXX -siRNA In Vivo Overcomes Therapy Resistance in @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Over recent years, researchers have found evidence which indicates that the prevalence of postpartum @entity1 crosses cultural boundaries and is reported to be at least as high in non-Western countries as in Western countries. However, qualitative studies about new mothers' experiences from non-Western countries, such as Bangladesh, are rare, particularly in rural areas. This study aims to describe the experiences and concerns of rural Bangladeshi mothers with postpartum @entity1 . Open narrative interviews were conducted with 21 mothers with @entity1 2-3 months postpartum, consecutively selected from a longitudinal study about prevalence and risk factors of perinatal @entity1 . Inductive content analysis was used to analyse data and three themes emerged: family dynamics, living at the limits of survival, and role of the cultural context after childbirth. These themes were based on six categories and 15 subcategories. The findings show that troublesome family relationships, including intimate partner violence and violence in the family, influenced the mothers' mental well-being. They and their families lived at the limit of survival and the mothers expressed fear and worries about their insecure situation regarding economic difficulties and health problems. They felt sorry for being unable to give their @entity0 a good start in life and sad because they could not always follow the traditional norms related to childbirth. Thus, it is important to focus on the @entity1 among new mothers and offer counselling to those showing @entity1 , as the cultural traditions do not always alleviate these symptoms in the changing Bangladeshi society today.

title: "I can't stop worrying about everything"-Experiences of rural Bangladeshi XXXX during the first postpartum months.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) cases recur within a year and almost all cases recur at some point. Standard treatment for recurrent @entity1 has not yet been established. We investigated the outcome of various salvage treatments for recurrent @entity1 . Retrospective analysis was undertaken in 144 @entity0 who received salvage treatment at the time of first progression after maximum debulking surgery followed by concomitant chemoradiotherapy and adjuvant @entity3 ( @entity4 ) chemotherapy. The median follow-up period was 18.2 months. We grouped these @entity0 into five groups according to the salvage modalities: Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) group (n=29), @entity4 group (n=31), GKS+ @entity4 group (n=28), reoperation group (n=38) and "other treatment" group (n=18). The median time to first progression from initial diagnosis was 8.8 months. The median @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of the five different treatment groups; GKS, @entity4 , GKS+ @entity4 , reoperation, and "other treatment", was 9.2, 5.6, 15.5, 13.2, and 8.0 months, respectively. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.6, 2.3, 6.0, 4.3, and 2.6 months, respectively. Pairwise comparison of @entity2 of the GKS+ @entity4 group with the other groups showed that the @entity2 of the GKS+ @entity4 group was significantly better than all others except the reoperation group. Statistically significant prolongation of PFS was observed in the GKS+ @entity4 group compared with the @entity4 group and the "other treatment" group. GKS followed by @entity4 salvage treatment was a good prognostic factor for both PFS and @entity2 in multivariate analysis. Retrospectively, GKS+ @entity4 as a salvage treatment, tended to provide a superior survival benefit at the time of recurrence.

title: Outcome of salvage treatment for recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare, in a retrospective study, biochemical failure-free survival (bFFS) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in low-risk and intermediate-risk @entity2 @entity0 who received brachytherapy (BT) (either low-dose-rate brachytherapy [LDR-BT] or high-dose-rate brachytherapy with external beam radiation therapy [HDR-BT+EBRT]) versus external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) alone. METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity0 data were obtained from the ProCaRS database, which contains 7974 @entity2 @entity0 treated with primary radiation therapy at four Canadian @entity1 institutions from 1994 to 2010. Propensity score matching was used to obtain the following 3 matched cohorts with balanced baseline prognostic factors: (1) low-risk LDR-BT versus EBRT; (2) intermediate-risk LDR-BT versus EBRT; and (3) intermediate-risk HDR-BT+EBRT versus EBRT. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to compare differences in bFFS (primary endpoint) and @entity3 in the 3 matched groups. RESULTS: Propensity score matching created acceptable balance in the baseline prognostic factors in all matches. Final matches included 2 1:1 matches in the intermediate-risk cohorts, LDR-BT versus EBRT (total n=254) and HDR-BT+EBRT versus EBRT (total n=388), and one 4:1 match in the low-risk cohort (LDR-BT:EBRT, total n=400). Median follow-up ranged from 2.7 to 7.3 years for the 3 matched cohorts. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that all BT treatment options were associated with statistically significant improvements in bFFS when compared with EBRT in all cohorts (intermediate-risk EBRT vs LDR-BT hazard ratio [HR] 4.58, P=.001; intermediate-risk EBRT vs HDR-BT+EBRT HR 2.08, P=.007; low-risk EBRT vs LDR-BT HR 2.90, P=.004). No significant difference in @entity3 was found in all comparisons (intermediate-risk EBRT vs LDR-BT HR 1.27, P=.687; intermediate-risk EBRT vs HDR-BT+EBRT HR 1.55, P=.470; low-risk LDR-BT vs EBRT HR 1.41, P=.500). CONCLUSIONS: Propensity score matched analysis showed that BT options led to statistically significant improvements in bFFS in low- and intermediate-risk @entity2 @entity0 populations.

title: Brachytherapy Improves Biochemical Failure-Free Survival in Low- and Intermediate-Risk XXXX Compared With Conventionally Fractionated External Beam Radiation Therapy: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to describe the microbiological characteristics of @entity6 (SA) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in @entity0 . Cases of @entity0 (0-15 years) with SA/ @entity5 were identified through a retrospective search of hospital discharge codes over a six-year period. In addition, a systematic literature search and meta-analysis of studies reporting culture results of @entity0 with SA/ @entity5 was performed. In our retrospective chart review, we identified 68 cases of @entity5 and 46 cases of SA. The most frequently cultured organisms in both conditions were Gram positive cocci, primarily @entity4 . On admission, most @entity0 had a normal WCC but elevated CRP and/or ESR. @entity2 was associated with a longer average length of hospitalisation for both @entity1 . Considering our results and the meta-analysis, we found low rates of culture-positivity in cases of clinically confirmed @entity1 . In SA, articular fluid was culture-positive in 42.49% (95% CI 28.39-57.23). In @entity5 , intra-operative samples were culture-positive in 52.65% (95% CI 30.54-74.22,). @entity2 was detected in 23.91% (95% CI 8.40-44.24) of @entity0 with SA and 21.48% (95% CI 10.89-34.47) with @entity5 . Despite appropriate sampling, a positive microbiological diagnosis is often lacking in paediatric @entity3 using standard culture-based methods. This highlights the need for validation and use of more sensitive diagnostic methods, such as PCR.

title: Microbiological characteristics of XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to describe the microbiological characteristics of @entity6 (SA) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in @entity0 . Cases of @entity0 (0-15 years) with SA/ @entity5 were identified through a retrospective search of hospital discharge codes over a six-year period. In addition, a systematic literature search and meta-analysis of studies reporting culture results of @entity0 with SA/ @entity5 was performed. In our retrospective chart review, we identified 68 cases of @entity5 and 46 cases of SA. The most frequently cultured organisms in both conditions were Gram positive cocci, primarily @entity4 . On admission, most @entity0 had a normal WCC but elevated CRP and/or ESR. @entity2 was associated with a longer average length of hospitalisation for both @entity1 . Considering our results and the meta-analysis, we found low rates of culture-positivity in cases of clinically confirmed @entity1 . In SA, articular fluid was culture-positive in 42.49% (95% CI 28.39-57.23). In @entity5 , intra-operative samples were culture-positive in 52.65% (95% CI 30.54-74.22,). @entity2 was detected in 23.91% (95% CI 8.40-44.24) of @entity0 with SA and 21.48% (95% CI 10.89-34.47) with @entity5 . Despite appropriate sampling, a positive microbiological diagnosis is often lacking in paediatric @entity3 using standard culture-based methods. This highlights the need for validation and use of more sensitive diagnostic methods, such as PCR.

title: Microbiological characteristics of @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study was conducted to evaluate the technical feasibility, safety and adequacy of surgical margins with salvage transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for recurrent or residual head and @entity2 @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity0 who underwent salvage TORS using the 'DaVinci' robot were enrolled in the study and data related to their surgical time, complications and functional outcome were recorded. RESULTS: The feasibility of salvage TORS in our study was observed to be 100%. Positive margins were encountered in only 6.7% of @entity0 . Mean @entity1 was 23.3 ml with no @entity0 requiring blood transfusion. @entity3 in the form of primary @entity4 requiring active surgical intervention occurred in 13.3%. Oral feeding could be started as early as the 3rd postoperative day in a few @entity0 , with nasogastric tubes being removed on the 12th postoperative day. Long term gastrostomy tube dependency was seen in 10% cases. Median survival of @entity0 was 19 months. CONCLUSIONS: Salvage TORS is a safe, effective and feasible option in the management of treatment failure cases. It offers an alternative surgical approach with unexpected benefits in terms of tracheostomy tube use, Ryle's tube and @entity5 .

title: Salvage Transoral Robotic Surgery for Recurrent or Residual Head and XXXX : A Single Institution Experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a clonal Ph-chromosome negative @entity1 characterized by dysregulated kinase signaling and release of abnormal cytokines. In the recent past, following @entity5 @entity6 mutation invention, important revolution has been made in the molecular diagnostic biology of this disease. The rational of this study was to determine the mutational status of @entity5 @entity6 in Pakistan @entity0 with @entity7 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross sectional study, 20 @entity0 with @entity7 were enrolled from January 2011 to December 2014. Diagnosis was based on WHO criteria for @entity7 . All @entity0 were screened for G-T point mutation ( @entity6 ) in the @entity5 gene on chromosome 9 by allele specific PCR. RESULTS: The mean age was 57.9    16.5years. The male to female ratio was 3:1. The frequency of @entity5 @entity6 positivity in our @entity7 @entity0 was found to be 55%. Positive correlations of @entity5 @entity6 mutation were established with high TLC count, raised LDH and marked @entity4 (P<0.05). No correlation of @entity5 @entity6 could be established with age and gender (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity5 @entity6 mutation frequency in our @entity7 @entity0 was similar to those reported previously. In our hands @entity5 @entity6 mutated @entity0 expressed an @entity3 phenotype. Screening for the mutation in all suspected @entity7 cases could be beneficial in differentiating @entity0 with reactive and clonal marrow @entity2 .

title: JAK-2 XXXX Mutational Analysis in Primary Idiopathic @entity7 : Experience from Southern Pakistan.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a clonal Ph-chromosome negative @entity1 characterized by dysregulated kinase signaling and release of abnormal cytokines. In the recent past, following @entity5 @entity6 mutation invention, important revolution has been made in the molecular diagnostic biology of this disease. The rational of this study was to determine the mutational status of @entity5 @entity6 in Pakistan @entity0 with @entity7 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross sectional study, 20 @entity0 with @entity7 were enrolled from January 2011 to December 2014. Diagnosis was based on WHO criteria for @entity7 . All @entity0 were screened for G-T point mutation ( @entity6 ) in the @entity5 gene on chromosome 9 by allele specific PCR. RESULTS: The mean age was 57.9    16.5years. The male to female ratio was 3:1. The frequency of @entity5 @entity6 positivity in our @entity7 @entity0 was found to be 55%. Positive correlations of @entity5 @entity6 mutation were established with high TLC count, raised LDH and marked @entity4 (P<0.05). No correlation of @entity5 @entity6 could be established with age and gender (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The @entity5 @entity6 mutation frequency in our @entity7 @entity0 was similar to those reported previously. In our hands @entity5 @entity6 mutated @entity0 expressed an @entity3 phenotype. Screening for the mutation in all suspected @entity7 cases could be beneficial in differentiating @entity0 with reactive and clonal marrow @entity2 .

title: JAK-2 @entity6 Mutational Analysis in Primary Idiopathic XXXX : Experience from Southern Pakistan.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity1 is one of the leading causes of @entity2 in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the growth-suppression potentiality of a crude @entity11 extract (CSENS) prepared from medicinal herb, Nigella sativa, on @entity0 @entity7 cells, HCT116. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HCT116 cells were subjected to increasing doses of CSENS for 24, 48 and 72 h, and then harvested and assayed for cell viability by WST-1. Flow cytometry analyses, cell @entity2 detection ELISA, fluorescent stains ( @entity14 and @entity15 / @entity13 ), DNA laddering and comet assays were carried out to confirm the apoptogenic effects of CSENS. Luciferase reporter gene assays, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were performed to assess the impact of CAERS and CFEZO on the expression levels of key regulatory proteins in HCT116 cells. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that CSENS inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry analyses, while CSENS-treated cells exhibited morphological hallmarks of apoptosis including cell shrinkage, irregularity in cellular shape, cellular detachment and chromatin condensation. Biochemical signs of apoptosis, such as DNA degradation, were observed by comet assay and gel electrophoresis. The pro-apoptotic effect of CSENS was @entity4 -independent and associated with increase of the @entity6 / @entity5 ratio. CSENS treatment down-regulated transcriptional and DNA-binding activities of NF-kB and AP-1 proteins, associated with down-regulation of their target oncogenes, @entity3 , @entity12 and survivin. On the other hand, CSENS up-regulated transcriptional and DNA-binding activities of @entity16 and expression of cytoprotective genes. In addition, CSENS modulated the expression levels of @entity9 MAPK, @entity8 and @entity10 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that CSENS may be a valuable agent for treatment of @entity7 .

title: Mechanism of Action of Nigella sativa on @entity0 XXXX Cells: the Suppression of AP-1 and NF-kB Transcription Factors and the Induction of Cytoprotective Genes.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity1 is one of the leading causes of @entity2 in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the growth-suppression potentiality of a crude @entity11 extract (CSENS) prepared from medicinal herb, Nigella sativa, on @entity0 @entity7 cells, HCT116. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HCT116 cells were subjected to increasing doses of CSENS for 24, 48 and 72 h, and then harvested and assayed for cell viability by WST-1. Flow cytometry analyses, cell @entity2 detection ELISA, fluorescent stains ( @entity14 and @entity15 / @entity13 ), DNA laddering and comet assays were carried out to confirm the apoptogenic effects of CSENS. Luciferase reporter gene assays, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses were performed to assess the impact of CAERS and CFEZO on the expression levels of key regulatory proteins in HCT116 cells. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that CSENS inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was confirmed by flow cytometry analyses, while CSENS-treated cells exhibited morphological hallmarks of apoptosis including cell shrinkage, irregularity in cellular shape, cellular detachment and chromatin condensation. Biochemical signs of apoptosis, such as DNA degradation, were observed by comet assay and gel electrophoresis. The pro-apoptotic effect of CSENS was @entity4 -independent and associated with increase of the @entity6 / @entity5 ratio. CSENS treatment down-regulated transcriptional and DNA-binding activities of NF-kB and AP-1 proteins, associated with down-regulation of their target oncogenes, @entity3 , @entity12 and survivin. On the other hand, CSENS up-regulated transcriptional and DNA-binding activities of @entity16 and expression of cytoprotective genes. In addition, CSENS modulated the expression levels of @entity9 MAPK, @entity8 and @entity10 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that CSENS may be a valuable agent for treatment of @entity7 .

title: Mechanism of Action of Nigella sativa on XXXX @entity7 Cells: the Suppression of AP-1 and NF-kB Transcription Factors and the Induction of Cytoprotective Genes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study examines the activity and tolerability of a regimen combining @entity3 and rituximab in @entity0 with indolent @entity8 . A total of 28 @entity0 with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory follicular, marginal zone, or @entity5 , with 4 or less prior therapies were eligible for this open-label phase II study. Oral @entity3 200 mg was administered twice daily on days 1-14 along with 375 mg/m(2) of intravenous rituximab on day 1 of a 21-day cycle, continuing until disease progression or unacceptable @entity1 . Primary end point was objective response rate, with secondary end points of progression-free survival, time to progression, duration of response, safety, and tolerability. Median follow up was 25.6 months and median number of @entity3 cycles was 11.5. Overall response rate was 46% for all @entity0 , 67% for previously untreated, and 41% for relapsed/refractory @entity0 . Median progression-free survival was 29.2 months for all @entity0 , 18.8 months for previously treated @entity0 , and not reached for untreated @entity0 . The regimen was well tolerated over long treatment periods with the most common grade 3/4 adverse events being asymptomatic @entity2 , @entity7 , @entity4 , @entity9 , and @entity6 . The @entity3 /rituximab combination exhibits activity in indolent @entity8 with an acceptable safety profile and durable responses. Re-treatment was effective in 2 of 3 relapsing responders. This phase II clinical trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov identifier: 00720876.

title: A phase II study of XXXX and rituximab for treatment of newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many @entity0 with a high risk of @entity2 have coexisting @entity1 . We aimed to examine associations between exposure to antihypertensive drugs and the risk of @entity2 among older @entity0 . METHODS: We conducted a cohort study of the 906,422 @entity0 born before 1945 and living in Norway in 2005. We obtained information on all prescriptions of antihypertensive drugs dispensed (the Norwegian Prescription Database) in 2004-2010 and the dates of primary @entity2 (the Norwegian Hip Fracture Registry) in 2005-2010. We compared the incidence rates of @entity2 during the time @entity0 were exposed and unexposed to antihypertensive drugs by calculating the standardized incidence ratio (SIR). RESULTS: Altogether, 39,938 @entity0 experienced a primary @entity2 (4.4  %). The risk of @entity2 was decreased among @entity0 exposed to @entity7 (SIR 0.7, 95  % confidence interval (CI) 0.6-0.7), beta-blockers (SIR 0.7, 95  % CI 0.7-0.8), @entity4 channel blockers (SIR 0.8, 95  % CI 0.8-0.8), @entity8 receptor blockers (SIR 0.8, 95  % CI 0.7-0.8), @entity5 inhibitor/ @entity6 combination products (SIR 0.7, 95  % CI 0.6-0.7) and @entity8 receptor blocker/ @entity6 combination products (SIR 0.6, 95  % CI 0.6-0.6). Use of loop diuretics and @entity5 inhibitors (plain products) was associated with increased @entity3 risk in @entity0 born after 1924, and with decreased risk in those born before 1925. The protective associations were stronger among exposed @entity0 than among exposed @entity0 for all drugs except loop diuretics. The SIRs decreased with increasing age among exposed @entity0 , except for @entity7 and @entity8 receptor blockers. CONCLUSIONS: We found a reduced risk of @entity2 associated with overall use of most antihypertensive drugs, but an increased risk with loop diuretics and @entity5 inhibitors among @entity0 younger than 80  years and in new users of loop diuretics. This may have great impact at the population level, because the use of antihypertensive drugs is widespread in @entity0 at risk of @entity2 . Clinical studies are needed to further explore these associations.

title: Risk of XXXX among older people using antihypertensive drugs: a nationwide cohort study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To summarize evidence on long-term @entity2 ( @entity2 ) among survivors of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: We performed a comprehensive search of the literature for studies reporting original data describing @entity2 utilizing validated instruments. Search, study selection and data abstraction were performed in duplicate. Study quality was appraised. Due to study heterogeneity, data are primarily summarized qualitatively. RESULTS: Our search yielded 2193 articles of which 18 were selected for detailed analysis. The quality of these 18 studies was generally good. Numerous @entity2 instruments were utilized, and assessment occurred at variable follow-up duration (range 2 months to 14.5 years). @entity2 among @entity3 survivors was reduced when compared to age/sex-matched populations. @entity2 among survivors with and without @entity3 was generally described as similar beyond 6 months. Physical component domains were consistently more impaired than mental component domains. Survivors had considerable limitations in activities of daily living, implying newly acquired disability, with few returning to work. Despite diminished @entity2 , @entity0 ' @entity2 was generally perceived as satisfactory, and the majority would receive similar treatment again, including renal replacement therapy in the ICU, if necessary. CONCLUSIONS: Among survivors of critical @entity1 complicated by @entity3 , @entity2 was impaired when referenced to population norms, but it was not significantly different from that of survivors without @entity3 . Physical limitations and disabilities were more commonly exhibited by @entity3 @entity0 . Importantly, the impaired @entity2 was generally perceived as acceptable to @entity0 , most of whom expressed willingness to undergo similar treatment in the future.

title: Health-related quality-of-life among survivors of XXXX in the intensive care unit: a systematic review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hypoallergenic @entity0 formulas are widely used for @entity0 with @entity2 's @entity4 . The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the @entity1 basophil activation test (BAT) in the evaluation of residual antigenicity in these formulas. Whole blood samples derived from b-lactoglobulin- or casein-immunized @entity1 were incubated with one of the following formulas: conventional, partially hydrolyzed, or extensively hydrolyzed. Basophilic activation was analyzed by flow cytometry using an IgE-dependent activation marker @entity5 and an IgG-dependent activation marker @entity6 . @entity3 was induced by i.v. injection of milk formula and results were compared. Conventional formula induced pronounced changes in @entity5 and @entity6 expression on basophils, whereas extensively hydrolyzed formulas did not elicit any changes in these markers. Similarly, challenge with conventional formula induced @entity3 , whereas extensively hydrolyzed formulas did not induce @entity3 . Although the partially hydrolyzed formula also induced basophilic activation and @entity3 , the magnitude of these effects was smaller than that observed with the conventional formula. Compared to @entity5 , the observed trend in @entity6 expression resembled the results obtained from @entity3 test more closely. These findings show that @entity1 BAT, in particular using @entity6 , is highly useful for the evaluation of antigenicity of milk formulas.

title: Evaluation of the antigenicity of hydrolyzed XXXX 's milk protein formulas using the @entity1 basophil activation test.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hypoallergenic @entity0 formulas are widely used for @entity0 with @entity2 's @entity4 . The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the @entity1 basophil activation test (BAT) in the evaluation of residual antigenicity in these formulas. Whole blood samples derived from b-lactoglobulin- or casein-immunized @entity1 were incubated with one of the following formulas: conventional, partially hydrolyzed, or extensively hydrolyzed. Basophilic activation was analyzed by flow cytometry using an IgE-dependent activation marker @entity5 and an IgG-dependent activation marker @entity6 . @entity3 was induced by i.v. injection of milk formula and results were compared. Conventional formula induced pronounced changes in @entity5 and @entity6 expression on basophils, whereas extensively hydrolyzed formulas did not elicit any changes in these markers. Similarly, challenge with conventional formula induced @entity3 , whereas extensively hydrolyzed formulas did not induce @entity3 . Although the partially hydrolyzed formula also induced basophilic activation and @entity3 , the magnitude of these effects was smaller than that observed with the conventional formula. Compared to @entity5 , the observed trend in @entity6 expression resembled the results obtained from @entity3 test more closely. These findings show that @entity1 BAT, in particular using @entity6 , is highly useful for the evaluation of antigenicity of milk formulas.

title: Evaluation of the antigenicity of hydrolyzed @entity2 's milk protein formulas using the XXXX basophil activation test.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: Many physicians avoid @entity4 ( @entity4 ) discussions because they worry such conversations will lead to @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether engaging in @entity4 using online planning tools adversely affects hope, hopelessness, or @entity2 among @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity1 and an estimated survival of two years or less (Intervention group) and a Control group were recruited at a tertiary care academic medical center (2007-2012) to engage in @entity4 using an online decision aid ("Making Your Wishes Known"). Pre/post and between-group comparisons were made, including hope (Herth Hope Index), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), and @entity2 (State Trait @entity2 Inventory). Secondary outcomes included @entity4 knowledge, self-determination, and satisfaction. RESULTS: A total of 200 individuals completed the study. After engaging in @entity4 , there was no decline in hope or increase in hopelessness in either the Control or Intervention group. @entity2 was likewise unchanged in the Control group but decreased slightly in the Intervention group. Knowledge of @entity4 (% correct answers) increased in both the groups, but more so in the Intervention group (13% increase vs. 4%; P<0.01). Self-determination increased slightly in both groups, and satisfaction with the @entity4 process was greater (P<0.01) in the Intervention than Control group. CONCLUSION: Engaging in @entity4 with online planning tools increases knowledge without diminishing hope, increasing hopelessness, or inducing @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 . Physicians need not avoid @entity4 out of concern for adversely affecting @entity0 ' psychological well-being.

title: Advance Care Planning Does Not Adversely Affect Hope or XXXX Among @entity0 With @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: Many physicians avoid @entity4 ( @entity4 ) discussions because they worry such conversations will lead to @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether engaging in @entity4 using online planning tools adversely affects hope, hopelessness, or @entity2 among @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity1 and an estimated survival of two years or less (Intervention group) and a Control group were recruited at a tertiary care academic medical center (2007-2012) to engage in @entity4 using an online decision aid ("Making Your Wishes Known"). Pre/post and between-group comparisons were made, including hope (Herth Hope Index), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), and @entity2 (State Trait @entity2 Inventory). Secondary outcomes included @entity4 knowledge, self-determination, and satisfaction. RESULTS: A total of 200 individuals completed the study. After engaging in @entity4 , there was no decline in hope or increase in hopelessness in either the Control or Intervention group. @entity2 was likewise unchanged in the Control group but decreased slightly in the Intervention group. Knowledge of @entity4 (% correct answers) increased in both the groups, but more so in the Intervention group (13% increase vs. 4%; P<0.01). Self-determination increased slightly in both groups, and satisfaction with the @entity4 process was greater (P<0.01) in the Intervention than Control group. CONCLUSION: Engaging in @entity4 with online planning tools increases knowledge without diminishing hope, increasing hopelessness, or inducing @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 . Physicians need not avoid @entity4 out of concern for adversely affecting @entity0 ' psychological well-being.

title: Advance Care Planning Does Not Adversely Affect Hope or @entity2 Among @entity0 With XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: Many physicians avoid @entity4 ( @entity4 ) discussions because they worry such conversations will lead to @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether engaging in @entity4 using online planning tools adversely affects hope, hopelessness, or @entity2 among @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity1 and an estimated survival of two years or less (Intervention group) and a Control group were recruited at a tertiary care academic medical center (2007-2012) to engage in @entity4 using an online decision aid ("Making Your Wishes Known"). Pre/post and between-group comparisons were made, including hope (Herth Hope Index), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale), and @entity2 (State Trait @entity2 Inventory). Secondary outcomes included @entity4 knowledge, self-determination, and satisfaction. RESULTS: A total of 200 individuals completed the study. After engaging in @entity4 , there was no decline in hope or increase in hopelessness in either the Control or Intervention group. @entity2 was likewise unchanged in the Control group but decreased slightly in the Intervention group. Knowledge of @entity4 (% correct answers) increased in both the groups, but more so in the Intervention group (13% increase vs. 4%; P<0.01). Self-determination increased slightly in both groups, and satisfaction with the @entity4 process was greater (P<0.01) in the Intervention than Control group. CONCLUSION: Engaging in @entity4 with online planning tools increases knowledge without diminishing hope, increasing hopelessness, or inducing @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 . Physicians need not avoid @entity4 out of concern for adversely affecting @entity0 ' psychological well-being.

title: Advance Care Planning Does Not Adversely Affect Hope or @entity2 Among XXXX With @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: A thorough understanding of the processes involved in lifestyle interventions is needed in order to close the gap between research and daily practice. This study explored the processes involved in the provision of a lifestyle intervention to @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) by health care professionals in primary care. STUDY DESIGN: Mixed methods. METHODS: Health care professionals were asked to intensify lifestyle interventions for @entity0 with @entity1 in a routine care setting. Data were collected by serial interviews with health care professionals and @entity0 , recorded consultations, an activity questionnaire and biomedical information. Qualitative data were analysed using a framework analysis with a phenomenological approach. RESULTS: The lifestyle intervention developed by the health care professionals included motivational interviewing, a nutrition and physical activity diary, and a multidisciplinary approach [physiotherapist, dietician, general practitioner and @entity1 practice nurse (DPN)]. @entity0 and health care professionals were positive about the intervention, and @entity0 were more active (P  =  0.027), lost weight (P  =  0.031) and had lower levels of glycated haemoglobin (P  =  0.012). However, qualitative data showed that @entity0 were passive during the consultation, and did not ask questions about ways to improve their lifestyle. DPNs did not use motivational interviewing optimally; provided @entity0 with information that was difficult to understand; and were easily satisfied with the efforts of the @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Lifestyle intervention for @entity0 with @entity1 is difficult in routine primary care. DPNs should adapt to the knowledge level of the @entity0 , and @entity0 must be stimulated to take an active role in their treatment. @entity0 and health care professionals should become equal partners in determining mutually agreeable treatment plans and goals.

title: Exploring the process when developing a lifestyle intervention in primary care for type 2 XXXX : a longitudinal process evaluation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To compare XELOX and FOLFOX4 as @entity3 adjuvant chemotherapy based on MOSAIC and No. 16968 trails from Chinese cost-effectiveness perspective. METHODS: A decision-analytic Markov model was developed to compare the FOLFOX4 and XELOX regimens based MOSAIC and No. 16968 trial. Five states were included in our Markov model: well (state 1), minor @entity1 (state 2), major @entity1 (state 3), quitting adjuvant chemotherapy (state 4), and @entity2 due to adjuvant chemotherapy (state 5). Transitions among the 5 states were assumed to be Markovian. Costs were calculated from the perspective of the Chinese health-care payer. The utility data were taken from published studies. Sensitivity analyses were used to explore the impact of uncertainty factors in this cost-effectiveness analysis. RESULTS: Total direct costs of FOLFOX4 and XELOX per @entity0 were  19884.96    4280.30 and  18113.25    3122.20, respectively. The total fees related to adverse events per @entity0 during the entire treatment were  204.75    16.80 for the XELOX group, and  873.72    27.60 for the FOLFOX4 group, and the costs for travel and absenteeism per @entity0 were  18495.00 for the XELOX group and  21,352.68 for the FOLFOX4 group. The base-case analysis showed that FOLFOX4 was estimated to produce an additional 0.06 in quality adjusted life years (QALYs) at an additional cost of  3950.47 when compared to the XELOX regimen over the model time horizon. The cost per QALY gained was  8047.30 in the XELOX group, which was  900.98 less than in the FOLFOX4 group ( 8948.28). The one way sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the utility for the well state and minor @entity1 state greatly influenced the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of FOLFOX4. CONCLUSION: In term of cost-comparison, XELOX is expected to dominate FOLFOX4 regimes; Therefore, XELOX provides a more cost-effective adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity3 @entity0 in China.

title: Cost-effectiveness analysis of XXXX treatments from MOSIAC and No. 16968 trials.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To assess the effects of 3-field lymphadenectomy for @entity5 . METHODS: We conducted a computerized literature search of the PubMed, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and EMBASE databases from their inception to present. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or observational epidemiological studies (cohort studies) that compared the survival rates and/or @entity3 between 2-field lymphadenectomy (2FL) and 3-field lymphadenectomy (3FL) for @entity5 with R0 resection were included. Meta-analysis was conducted using published data on 3FL vs 2FL in @entity5 @entity0 . End points were 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates and @entity3 , including recurrent @entity1 , @entity2 leak, @entity4 , and chylothorax. Subgroup analysis was performed on the involvement of recurrent laryngeal lymph nodes. RESULTS: Two RCTs and 18 observational studies with over 7000 @entity0 were included. There was a clear benefit for 3FL in the 1- (RR = 1.16; 95%CI: 1.09-1.24; P < 0.01), 3- (RR = 1.44; 95%CI: 1.19-1.75; P < 0.01), and 5-year overall survival rates (RR = 1.37; 95%CI: 1.18-1.59; P < 0.01). For @entity3 , 3FL was associated with significantly more recurrent @entity1 (RR = 1.43; 95%CI: 1.28-1.60; P = 0.02) and @entity2 leak (RR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.05-1.52; P = 0.09). In contrast, there was no significant difference for @entity4 (RR = 0.93; 95%CI: 0.75-1.16, random-effects model; P = 0.27) or chylothorax (RR = 0.77; 95%CI: 0.32-1.85; P = 0.69). CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis shows that 3FL improves overall survival rate but has more complications. Because of the high heterogeneity among outcomes, definite conclusions are difficult to draw.

title: Three-field vs two-field lymph node dissection for XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is yet to be established as the definitive treatment regimen for locally advanced @entity0 (LABC). The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and @entity5 of NC with @entity7 and @entity8 . METHODS: Between March 2007 and January 2009, 50 @entity1 with LABC were enrolled in an open-label, phase II, multicenter study carried out at five distinct institutions. All @entity1 were scheduled to receive four cycles of 60 mg/m(2) @entity7 and 175 mg/m(2) @entity8 every 3 weeks, preoperatively, unless they developed profound side effects or disease progression. After curative surgery, two additional cycles of chemotherapy were administered to @entity1 who had shown a positive response to NC. RESULTS: In all, 196 cycles of chemotherapy were administered preoperatively; 47 of the 50 @entity1 (94%) underwent all four cycles of designated treatment. Complete disappearance of invasive foci of the @entity2 , and negative axillary lymph nodes were confirmed in eight @entity1 (16.0%), post operation. The cumulative 5-year disease-free survival rate was 70.0% for @entity1 with complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR), and 33.3% for @entity1 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) (p=0.018). The cumulative 5-year overall survival was 90.0% for @entity1 who achieved CR and PR and 55.6% for @entity1 who had @entity3 and @entity4 (p=0.001). @entity10 (42.0%) was the most common grade 3/4 @entity5 . However, none of the @entity5 resulted in cessation of the treatment. CONCLUSION: The encouraging pathologic response observed in the @entity1 treated with @entity7 plus @entity8 NC in this study suggests that @entity7 could be a substitute for @entity6 , which is the most @entity9 agent.

title: A Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Genexol   ( @entity8 ) and XXXX for Locally Advanced @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is yet to be established as the definitive treatment regimen for locally advanced @entity0 (LABC). The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and @entity5 of NC with @entity7 and @entity8 . METHODS: Between March 2007 and January 2009, 50 @entity1 with LABC were enrolled in an open-label, phase II, multicenter study carried out at five distinct institutions. All @entity1 were scheduled to receive four cycles of 60 mg/m(2) @entity7 and 175 mg/m(2) @entity8 every 3 weeks, preoperatively, unless they developed profound side effects or disease progression. After curative surgery, two additional cycles of chemotherapy were administered to @entity1 who had shown a positive response to NC. RESULTS: In all, 196 cycles of chemotherapy were administered preoperatively; 47 of the 50 @entity1 (94%) underwent all four cycles of designated treatment. Complete disappearance of invasive foci of the @entity2 , and negative axillary lymph nodes were confirmed in eight @entity1 (16.0%), post operation. The cumulative 5-year disease-free survival rate was 70.0% for @entity1 with complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR), and 33.3% for @entity1 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) (p=0.018). The cumulative 5-year overall survival was 90.0% for @entity1 who achieved CR and PR and 55.6% for @entity1 who had @entity3 and @entity4 (p=0.001). @entity10 (42.0%) was the most common grade 3/4 @entity5 . However, none of the @entity5 resulted in cessation of the treatment. CONCLUSION: The encouraging pathologic response observed in the @entity1 treated with @entity7 plus @entity8 NC in this study suggests that @entity7 could be a substitute for @entity6 , which is the most @entity9 agent.

title: A Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Genexol   ( @entity8 ) and @entity7 for Locally Advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) is yet to be established as the definitive treatment regimen for locally advanced @entity0 (LABC). The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and @entity5 of NC with @entity7 and @entity8 . METHODS: Between March 2007 and January 2009, 50 @entity1 with LABC were enrolled in an open-label, phase II, multicenter study carried out at five distinct institutions. All @entity1 were scheduled to receive four cycles of 60 mg/m(2) @entity7 and 175 mg/m(2) @entity8 every 3 weeks, preoperatively, unless they developed profound side effects or disease progression. After curative surgery, two additional cycles of chemotherapy were administered to @entity1 who had shown a positive response to NC. RESULTS: In all, 196 cycles of chemotherapy were administered preoperatively; 47 of the 50 @entity1 (94%) underwent all four cycles of designated treatment. Complete disappearance of invasive foci of the @entity2 , and negative axillary lymph nodes were confirmed in eight @entity1 (16.0%), post operation. The cumulative 5-year disease-free survival rate was 70.0% for @entity1 with complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR), and 33.3% for @entity1 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) (p=0.018). The cumulative 5-year overall survival was 90.0% for @entity1 who achieved CR and PR and 55.6% for @entity1 who had @entity3 and @entity4 (p=0.001). @entity10 (42.0%) was the most common grade 3/4 @entity5 . However, none of the @entity5 resulted in cessation of the treatment. CONCLUSION: The encouraging pathologic response observed in the @entity1 treated with @entity7 plus @entity8 NC in this study suggests that @entity7 could be a substitute for @entity6 , which is the most @entity9 agent.

title: A Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Genexol   ( XXXX ) and @entity7 for Locally Advanced @entity0 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The rapid haemostasis of fish prevents @entity2 that could be caused by physical properties of the aquatic environment. Additionally, the innate immune system is the first line of defence against @entity0 and is responsible for the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, which are important for the activation of acquired immune responses. Coagulation factor II (CFII) is an important factor in the coagulation system and is involved in recognition and interaction with various bacterial and extracellular proteins. In this study, we identified and characterised the gene encoding CFII in rock bream ( @entity9 ) (RbCFII) and analysed its expression in various tissues after a pathogen challenge. The full-length RbCFII cDNA (2079  bp) contained an open reading frame of 1854  bp encoding 617 @entity5 . Alignment analysis revealed that a @entity7 -rich domain, two kringle domains, and a trypsin-like @entity3 protease domain of the deduced protein were well conserved. RbCFII was ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined but, predominantly detected in the liver and skin. RbCFII expression was dramatically up-regulated in the kidney, spleen and liver after @entity0 with @entity8 , Streptococcus iniae, or @entity6 iridovirus. The recombinant protein RbCFII (rRbCFII) produced using an @entity1 expression system was able to bind all examined bacteria. Interestingly, rRbCFII has agglutination activities towards @entity1 and @entity8 , while no agglutination was shown toward Vibrio ordalii and S.  iniae. These findings indicate that rRbCFII performs an immunological function in the immune response, and might be involved in innate immunity as well as @entity4 .

title: Coagulation factor II from rock bream ( XXXX ): First report on the molecular biological function and expression analysis in the teleost.

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: Catheter ablation of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) requires utilizing multiple venous femoral sheaths in conjunction with aggressive periprocedural anticoagulation, which can lead to increased risk of vascular access complications. The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the "figure-of-eight" (" @entity4 ") suture technique for femoral @entity3 while on therapeutic doses of intravenous anticoagulation at the time of sheath removal. METHODS: In this case-control analysis, 376 consecutive @entity0 underwent @entity1 ablation while on uninterrupted oral anticoagulation and received intraprocedural heparin. In the first 253 @entity0 (the control group), manual pressure was used for femoral @entity3 after reversal of @entity5 effects. The subsequent 123 @entity0 (the @entity4 group) had femoral @entity3 using the @entity4 suture technique and while under therapeutic heparin effects. RESULTS: The @entity4 subcutaneous suture technique achieved adequate @entity3 in 98.4  % of @entity0 . As compared to the control group, there was significantly less frequent utilization of the FemoStop compression assist device (1.2 vs. 16.8  %, p   <   0.0001) and in a significantly shorter interval (6.8        5.7 vs. 50.7        12.2  min, p   <   0.0001). Vascular access complications and @entity2 events occurred in 9.8  % in the @entity4 group vs. 13.0  % in the control group (p   =   0.678). CONCLUSIONS: Immediate hemostasis of the femoral venous access sites after insertion of multiple sheaths for @entity1 ablation in the presence of anticoagulation can be safely and effectively achieved using the @entity4 suture technique. This technique helps minimize the period of inadequate anticoagulation immediately following ablation and shortens the time required to achieve adequate hemostasis.

title: Venous hemostasis postcatheter ablation of XXXX while under therapeutic levels of oral and intravenous anticoagulation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Aim of the Study. Analyzing velocimetric (umbilical artery, UA; ductus venosus, DV; middle cerebral artery, MCA) and computerized cardiotocographic (cCTG) (fetal heart rate, FHR; short term variability, STV; approximate entropy, ApEn) parameters in intrauterine growth restriction, @entity1 , in order to detect early signs of fetal compromise. Population Study. 375 pregnant @entity0 assisted from the 28th week of @entity2 to delivery and monitored through cCTG and Doppler ultrasound investigation. The @entity0 were divided into three groups according to the age of gestation at the time of delivery, before the 34th week, from 34th to 37th week, and after the 37th week. Data were analyzed in relation to the days before delivery and according to the physiology or pathology of velocimetry. Statistical analysis was performed through the t-test, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation test (P < 0.05). Our results evidenced an earlier alteration of UA, DV, and MCA. The analysis between cCTG and velocimetric parameters (the last distinguished into physiological and pathological values) suggests a possible relation between cCTG alterations and Doppler ones. The present study emphasizes the need for an antenatal testing in @entity1 fetuses using multiple surveillance modalities to enhance prediction of neonatal outcome.

title: XXXX Management: New Perspectives.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of the head and neck are rare aggressive @entity1 with a poor prognosis. This study describes the management and outcomes of 3 of our @entity0 with @entity2 of the head and neck. Methods. We identified 3 @entity0 presenting with MPNST of the head and neck and treated at the University of North Carolina. We compared our results to the literature from 1963 to 2014. Results. Mean follow-up was 31 months. Average age at diagnosis was 44.7 years of age. All @entity0 received wide-local excision and adjuvant radiotherapy. No @entity0 recurred during the series. Recurrence-free survival time for the @entity0 was 45, 37, and 3 months, respectively. Conclusions. Our data series confirms that a combined-modality approach with complete surgical resection and adjuvant radiotherapy leads to improved outcomes in @entity2 of the head and neck. Nonetheless, due to historically poor outcomes, continued research into newer therapies needs to be explored.

title: XXXX of the head and neck: a case series and literature review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the present study, tympanic membranes (TM) harvested from myringotomized @entity2 were analyzed histopathologically to compare the systemic and local effects of @entity3 on the development of @entity6 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty male @entity2 -Albino @entity2 weighing between 350-400 g were included in this study. Under otomicroscopic examination, a standard 2-mm myringotomy incision was made on the posteroinferior quadrant of the TM of both ears. @entity2 were randomized into five groups as control, topical @entity3 50 mg/kg, systemic @entity3 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg groups, each group containing eight @entity2 . On the 15th day of the study, the @entity2 were decapitated, and bullas of the @entity2 were extracted. Sections were stained with @entity4 - @entity5 and examined through light microscopy. @entity1 , distribution width of plaques, @entity0 , and neovascularization were observed on the lamina propria. Thickness of the TM was evaluated under the microscope and scored semiquantitatively. RESULTS: When intergroup comparisons of parameters related to total TM thickness were performed, differences between the control group and topical AA ( @entity3 ) or systemic treatment groups were found to be statistically significant (p<0.005). A statistically significant difference was detected among control, topical and systemic 200 mg/kg @entity3 groups for the @entity0 (p=0.003 and p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: For the total TM thickness, systemic and topical @entity3 use was effective when compared with the control group. It has been concluded that systemic use of higher doses of (200 mg/kg) @entity3 is beneficial in the resolution of the @entity0 .

title: The Impact of Systemic and Local Administration of XXXX on Traumatic Perforation of Tympanic Membrane and @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the present study, tympanic membranes (TM) harvested from myringotomized @entity2 were analyzed histopathologically to compare the systemic and local effects of @entity3 on the development of @entity6 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty male @entity2 -Albino @entity2 weighing between 350-400 g were included in this study. Under otomicroscopic examination, a standard 2-mm myringotomy incision was made on the posteroinferior quadrant of the TM of both ears. @entity2 were randomized into five groups as control, topical @entity3 50 mg/kg, systemic @entity3 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg groups, each group containing eight @entity2 . On the 15th day of the study, the @entity2 were decapitated, and bullas of the @entity2 were extracted. Sections were stained with @entity4 - @entity5 and examined through light microscopy. @entity1 , distribution width of plaques, @entity0 , and neovascularization were observed on the lamina propria. Thickness of the TM was evaluated under the microscope and scored semiquantitatively. RESULTS: When intergroup comparisons of parameters related to total TM thickness were performed, differences between the control group and topical AA ( @entity3 ) or systemic treatment groups were found to be statistically significant (p<0.005). A statistically significant difference was detected among control, topical and systemic 200 mg/kg @entity3 groups for the @entity0 (p=0.003 and p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: For the total TM thickness, systemic and topical @entity3 use was effective when compared with the control group. It has been concluded that systemic use of higher doses of (200 mg/kg) @entity3 is beneficial in the resolution of the @entity0 .

title: The Impact of Systemic and Local Administration of @entity3 on Traumatic Perforation of Tympanic Membrane and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone is an increasingly common treatment strategy for brain @entity1 . However, existing prognostic tools for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were developed using cohorts of @entity0 treated predominantly with approaches other than SRS alone. Therefore, we devised novel risk scores for @entity5 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for @entity4 brain @entity1 (MBM) treated with SRS alone. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed 86 @entity0 treated with SRS alone for MBM from 2009-2014. @entity5 and @entity2 were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards modeling identified clinical risk factors. Risk scores were created based on weighted regression coefficients. @entity5 scores range from 0-10 (0 representing @entity6 ), and @entity2 risk scores range from 0-5 (0 representing lowest risk of @entity2 ). Predictive power was evaluated using c-index statistics. Bootstrapping with 200 resamples tested model stability. RESULTS: The median @entity5 was 8.1  months from SRS, and 54 (70.1  %) @entity0 had @entity2 at a median of 3.3  months. Risk scores for @entity5 were predicated on performance status, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) status, number of lesions, and gender. Median @entity5 for the low-risk group (0-3 points) was not reached. For the moderate-risk (4-6 points) and high-risk (6.5-10) groups, median @entity5 was 7.6  months and 2.4  months, respectively (p   <   .0001). Scores for @entity2 were predicated on performance status, @entity3 status, and number of lesions. Median time to @entity2 for the low-risk group (0 points) was not reached. For the moderate-risk (1-2 points) and high-risk (3-5 points) groups, time to @entity2 was 4.8 and 2.0  months, respectively (p   <   .0001). The novel scores were more predictive (c-index   =   0.72) than @entity4 -specific graded prognostic assessment or RTOG recursive partitioning analysis tools (c-index   =   0.66 and 0.57, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We devised novel risk scores for MBM treated with SRS alone. These scores have implications for prognosis and treatment strategy selection (SRS versus whole-brain radiotherapy).

title: Novel risk scores for survival and intracranial failure in @entity0 treated with radiosurgery alone to XXXX brain @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone is an increasingly common treatment strategy for brain @entity1 . However, existing prognostic tools for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were developed using cohorts of @entity0 treated predominantly with approaches other than SRS alone. Therefore, we devised novel risk scores for @entity5 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for @entity4 brain @entity1 (MBM) treated with SRS alone. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed 86 @entity0 treated with SRS alone for MBM from 2009-2014. @entity5 and @entity2 were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards modeling identified clinical risk factors. Risk scores were created based on weighted regression coefficients. @entity5 scores range from 0-10 (0 representing @entity6 ), and @entity2 risk scores range from 0-5 (0 representing lowest risk of @entity2 ). Predictive power was evaluated using c-index statistics. Bootstrapping with 200 resamples tested model stability. RESULTS: The median @entity5 was 8.1  months from SRS, and 54 (70.1  %) @entity0 had @entity2 at a median of 3.3  months. Risk scores for @entity5 were predicated on performance status, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) status, number of lesions, and gender. Median @entity5 for the low-risk group (0-3 points) was not reached. For the moderate-risk (4-6 points) and high-risk (6.5-10) groups, median @entity5 was 7.6  months and 2.4  months, respectively (p   <   .0001). Scores for @entity2 were predicated on performance status, @entity3 status, and number of lesions. Median time to @entity2 for the low-risk group (0 points) was not reached. For the moderate-risk (1-2 points) and high-risk (3-5 points) groups, time to @entity2 was 4.8 and 2.0  months, respectively (p   <   .0001). The novel scores were more predictive (c-index   =   0.72) than @entity4 -specific graded prognostic assessment or RTOG recursive partitioning analysis tools (c-index   =   0.66 and 0.57, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We devised novel risk scores for MBM treated with SRS alone. These scores have implications for prognosis and treatment strategy selection (SRS versus whole-brain radiotherapy).

title: Novel risk scores for survival and intracranial failure in @entity0 treated with radiosurgery alone to @entity4 brain XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone is an increasingly common treatment strategy for brain @entity1 . However, existing prognostic tools for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were developed using cohorts of @entity0 treated predominantly with approaches other than SRS alone. Therefore, we devised novel risk scores for @entity5 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for @entity4 brain @entity1 (MBM) treated with SRS alone. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed 86 @entity0 treated with SRS alone for MBM from 2009-2014. @entity5 and @entity2 were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards modeling identified clinical risk factors. Risk scores were created based on weighted regression coefficients. @entity5 scores range from 0-10 (0 representing @entity6 ), and @entity2 risk scores range from 0-5 (0 representing lowest risk of @entity2 ). Predictive power was evaluated using c-index statistics. Bootstrapping with 200 resamples tested model stability. RESULTS: The median @entity5 was 8.1  months from SRS, and 54 (70.1  %) @entity0 had @entity2 at a median of 3.3  months. Risk scores for @entity5 were predicated on performance status, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) status, number of lesions, and gender. Median @entity5 for the low-risk group (0-3 points) was not reached. For the moderate-risk (4-6 points) and high-risk (6.5-10) groups, median @entity5 was 7.6  months and 2.4  months, respectively (p   <   .0001). Scores for @entity2 were predicated on performance status, @entity3 status, and number of lesions. Median time to @entity2 for the low-risk group (0 points) was not reached. For the moderate-risk (1-2 points) and high-risk (3-5 points) groups, time to @entity2 was 4.8 and 2.0  months, respectively (p   <   .0001). The novel scores were more predictive (c-index   =   0.72) than @entity4 -specific graded prognostic assessment or RTOG recursive partitioning analysis tools (c-index   =   0.66 and 0.57, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: We devised novel risk scores for MBM treated with SRS alone. These scores have implications for prognosis and treatment strategy selection (SRS versus whole-brain radiotherapy).

title: Novel risk scores for survival and intracranial failure in XXXX treated with radiosurgery alone to @entity4 brain @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6 is a rare @entity1 that arises from embryonic notochordal remnants along the axial skeleton (i.e., clivus, sacrum) and the vertebral bodies. They comprise less than 1 % of CNS @entity1 and 1-4 % of all bone @entity1 . It rarely affects @entity0 and adolescents (<5 %). @entity6 are locally aggressive and highly recurrent. Their management is challenging for clinicians. METHODS: This retrospective study includes six pediatric @entity0 with pathological evidence of @entity6 . These cases were identified over a period of 15 years in a tertiary care institute. RESULTS: There were two @entity0 and four @entity0 with a mean age of 10.6 years (range, 4-16 years). The chief complaint was due to @entity4 (or dysfunction), mostly affecting lower @entity4 (66.6 %), followed by @entity5 and @entity2 . One @entity0 had @entity3 . All @entity0 were operated and a total of 15 surgeries were performed (mean, 2.5). @entity1 recurrence was observed in four @entity0 (67 %). Two-year and 5-year progression-free survivals (PFS) were 67 and 33 %, respectively. None of the @entity0 were lost either during the surgery or the follow-up period (6.9 years: 1-14 years). CONCLUSIONS: Clival @entity6 are challenging @entity1 in neurosurgical practice. A multidisciplinary approach is warranted in each @entity0 . Today, the best management strategy seems to be surgical resection followed by radiotherapy. Chemotherapy should be considered in selective and preference basis. Sharing institutional experiences will provide future insights in prognosis of these rare @entity1 . Implementing newer surgical instruments, endoscope in particular, is encouraged in management of the clival @entity6 .

title: Enigmatic entity in childhood: XXXX from a tertiary center's perspective.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The ability of malignant cells to evade the immune system, characterized by @entity2 escape from both innate and adaptive immune responses, is now accepted as an important hallmark of @entity2 . Our research on @entity0 focuses on the active role that @entity2 infiltrating lymphocytes play in @entity2 progression and @entity1 outcome. Toward this goal, we developed a methodology for the rapid isolation of intact lymphoid cells from normal and abnormal tissues in an effort to evaluate them proximate to their native state. Homogenates prepared using a mechanical dissociator show both increased viability and cell recovery while preserving surface receptor expression compared to enzyme-digested tissues. Furthermore, enzymatic digestion of the remaining insoluble material did not recover additional @entity3 (+) cells indicating that quantitative and qualitative measurements in the primary homogenate likely genuinely reflect infiltrating subpopulations in the tissue fragment. The lymphoid cells in these homogenates can be easily characterized using immunological (phenotype, proliferation, etc.) or molecular (DNA, RNA and/or protein) approaches. @entity3 (+) cells can also be used for subpopulation purification, in vitro expansion or cryopreservation. An additional benefit of this approach is that the primary tissue supernatant from the homogenates can be used to characterize and compare cytokines, chemokines, immunoglobulins and antigens present in normal and malignant tissues. This protocol functions extremely well for @entity1 breast tissues and should be applicable to a wide variety of normal and abnormal tissues.

title: A Simple and Rapid Protocol to Non-enzymatically Dissociate Fresh XXXX Tissues for the Analysis of Infiltrating Lymphocytes.

answer: @entity1