abstract: In this report, the results of renal transplantation in @entity0 with @entity9 were retrospectively analysed and compared with the control group. Fifteen (3.04%) of the 493 renal transplant recipients whom were followed up in Istanbul School of Medicine transplant outpatient clinic, between 1983 and 1997, were included in the study. The etiology of @entity8 was @entity6 in all @entity0 . The mean follow-up period was 38.3 +/- 31.8 (range 7-65) months. Twelve of the @entity0 were male and 3 female with the mean age 34.13 +/- 10.87 (range 21-60) years. Seven @entity0 had living related, 4 living-unrelated and 4 cadaveric donors. Five @entity0 were lost because of different complications: Three @entity0 died from @entity5 all with well functioning grafts, 2, 3 and 36 months after the operation. @entity4 and @entity1 was the probable cause of @entity3 in 1 @entity0 who also had chronic rejection. Another one @entity0 with chronic rejection died from @entity7 . Acute rejection developed in 2 @entity0 . Renal functions of these @entity0 improved by anti-rejection therapies. Chronic rejection developed in 3 @entity0 . In the control group, acute rejection and chronic rejection were diagnosed in 5 and 1 @entity0 , retrospectively. While 1 @entity0 returned to hemodialysis in control group, the others are alive with satisfactory graft function. There was no @entity3 in control group. The 5-yr graft and @entity0 survival rates in @entity8 and the control groups were 75, 77, 95 and 100%, respectively. It was concluded that although transplantation is not a contraindication for the treatment of end stage @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity9 , it carries high risk of @entity5 in the postoperative period. Detailed preoperative cardiovascular evaluations are mandatory in these @entity0 and this intervention should improve the prognosis by excluding the @entity0 who have already been complicated with this problem.

title: Transplantation in XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Xuebijing injection in treatment of @entity1 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: A prospective multicenter clinical study was conducted. The @entity0 with @entity1 , severe @entity1 , or @entity6 admitted to Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of 70 hospitals across the country during 2006 to 2008 were enrolled. All of the @entity0 received the basis treatment of conventional therapy, plus Xuebijing injection of 50-100 mL, 2-3 times a day for 5-7 days, and the dose might be increased in serious cases. The vital signs, 24-hour urine output, Glasgow @entity4 score ( GCS ), white blood cell count ( WBC ), platelet count ( PLT ), Marshall score, gastrointestinal function score, syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ), blood @entity5 ( @entity10 ), blood @entity2 , serum @entity7 ( SCr ), and total @entity3 ( TBil ) were observed before treatment, 1, 3, and 5 days after treatment, and at the end of the treatment. The results of above mentioned parameters after the treatment were compared with that before treatment in each @entity0 . At the same time, the occurrence and the degree of adverse reactions were recorded to evaluate the safety of Xuebijing injection. RESULTS: A total of 2 574 @entity0 were enrolled, and in 2 509 cases the treatment was completed in, with a drop of 65 cases. 704 cases were diagnosed to have @entity1 , 768 with severe @entity1 , and 1 037 with @entity6 . According to TCM, in 1 951 cases syndrome of stasis-toxin in the interior, and in 558 syndrome of excessive exuberance of heat-toxic in the interior were diagnosed. After the treatment of Xuebijing injection combined with conventional therapy, the temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, WBC, PLT, GCS, 24-hour urine output, blood @entity2 , @entity10 , SCr, TBil, Marshall score, gastrointestinal function score, as well as the symptoms, signs and @entity8 and pulse condition, and TCM scores were significantly improved in all @entity0 as well as the @entity0 with @entity1 , severe @entity1 , or @entity6 ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 ). The effective rate of all @entity0 and the @entity0 with @entity1 , severe @entity1 , or @entity6 was 89.20% ( 2 238/2 509 ), 92.76% ( 653/704 ), 91.54% ( 703/768 ), 85.05% ( 882/1 037 ), respectively, and the 28-day survival rate was 93.90% ( 2 356/2 509 ), 98.01% ( 690/704 ), 96.35% ( 740/768 ), 89.30% ( 926/1 037 ), respectively. In 3 @entity0 with @entity6 adverse events ( 0.12% ) occurred, including 2 cases of stress ulcer and 1 case of @entity9 . After clinical evaluation, the adverse events were found to be unrelated with the study medication, and Xuebijing injection was continued till the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Xuebijing injection combined with conventional therapy may effectively ameliorate systemic inflammatory response, protect organ function, alleviate the symptoms, improve organ functions, and elevate the clinical cure rate. Adverse events occur occasionally. Xuebijing injection is found to be safe.

title: [A prospective multicenter clinical study of Xuebijing injection in the treatment of XXXX and @entity6 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Xuebijing injection in treatment of @entity1 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: A prospective multicenter clinical study was conducted. The @entity0 with @entity1 , severe @entity1 , or @entity6 admitted to Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of 70 hospitals across the country during 2006 to 2008 were enrolled. All of the @entity0 received the basis treatment of conventional therapy, plus Xuebijing injection of 50-100 mL, 2-3 times a day for 5-7 days, and the dose might be increased in serious cases. The vital signs, 24-hour urine output, Glasgow @entity4 score ( GCS ), white blood cell count ( WBC ), platelet count ( PLT ), Marshall score, gastrointestinal function score, syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ), blood @entity5 ( @entity10 ), blood @entity2 , serum @entity7 ( SCr ), and total @entity3 ( TBil ) were observed before treatment, 1, 3, and 5 days after treatment, and at the end of the treatment. The results of above mentioned parameters after the treatment were compared with that before treatment in each @entity0 . At the same time, the occurrence and the degree of adverse reactions were recorded to evaluate the safety of Xuebijing injection. RESULTS: A total of 2 574 @entity0 were enrolled, and in 2 509 cases the treatment was completed in, with a drop of 65 cases. 704 cases were diagnosed to have @entity1 , 768 with severe @entity1 , and 1 037 with @entity6 . According to TCM, in 1 951 cases syndrome of stasis-toxin in the interior, and in 558 syndrome of excessive exuberance of heat-toxic in the interior were diagnosed. After the treatment of Xuebijing injection combined with conventional therapy, the temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, WBC, PLT, GCS, 24-hour urine output, blood @entity2 , @entity10 , SCr, TBil, Marshall score, gastrointestinal function score, as well as the symptoms, signs and @entity8 and pulse condition, and TCM scores were significantly improved in all @entity0 as well as the @entity0 with @entity1 , severe @entity1 , or @entity6 ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01 ). The effective rate of all @entity0 and the @entity0 with @entity1 , severe @entity1 , or @entity6 was 89.20% ( 2 238/2 509 ), 92.76% ( 653/704 ), 91.54% ( 703/768 ), 85.05% ( 882/1 037 ), respectively, and the 28-day survival rate was 93.90% ( 2 356/2 509 ), 98.01% ( 690/704 ), 96.35% ( 740/768 ), 89.30% ( 926/1 037 ), respectively. In 3 @entity0 with @entity6 adverse events ( 0.12% ) occurred, including 2 cases of stress ulcer and 1 case of @entity9 . After clinical evaluation, the adverse events were found to be unrelated with the study medication, and Xuebijing injection was continued till the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Xuebijing injection combined with conventional therapy may effectively ameliorate systemic inflammatory response, protect organ function, alleviate the symptoms, improve organ functions, and elevate the clinical cure rate. Adverse events occur occasionally. Xuebijing injection is found to be safe.

title: [A prospective multicenter clinical study of Xuebijing injection in the treatment of @entity1 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: KEY POINTS: Achilles @entity3 is a localized degenerative @entity1 that develops over a long period of time and leads to a compliant @entity0 Achilles tendon. We demonstrate that the compliant Achilles tendon elicited a series of adaptations from different levels of the @entity0 movement control system, such as the muscle-tendon interaction, CNS control and other muscles in the lower leg. These results illustrate the @entity0 body's capacity to adapt to tendon pathology and provide the physiological basis for intervention or prevention strategies. ABSTRACT: @entity0 movement is initiated, controlled and executed in a hierarchical system including the nervous system, muscle and tendon. If a component in the loop loses its integrity, the entire system has to adapt to that deficiency. Achilles tendon, when degenerated, exhibits lower stiffness. This local mechanical deficit may be compensated for by an alteration of motor commands from the CNS. These modulations in motor commands from the CNS may lead to altered activation of the agonist, synergist and antagonist muscles. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of @entity2 on its mechanical properties, the neuromechanical behaviour of the surrounding musculature and the existence of the CNS modulation accompanying @entity3 . We hypothesize that the degenerated tendon will lead to diminished tissue mechanical properties and protective muscle activation patterns, as well as an up-regulated descending drive from the CNS. Strong evidence, as reported in the present study, indicates that tendinotic tendons are more compliant compared to healthy tendons. This unilateral involvement affected the neuromuscular control on the involved side but not the non-involved side. The muscle-tendon unit on the tendinotic side exhibits a lowered temporal efficiency, which leads to altered CNS control. The altered CNS control is then expressed as an adapted muscle activation pattern in the lower leg. Taken together, the findings of the present study illustrate the co-ordinated multi-level adaptations to a mechanical lesion in a tendon caused by pathology.

title: The neuromechanical adaptations to Achilles XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Interdigitating @entity9 is an extremely rare @entity1 . The diagnosis is difficult and is based on clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Differential diagnosis includes @entity2 , mesenchymal and @entity6 . The mainstay of treatment is surgery for limited disease and different chemotherapy combinations have been tested for advanced disease. No evidence from prospective trials is currently available. We report the case of a 59  year-old male @entity0 who experienced axillary lymphadenopathy with initial diagnosis of large-cell lung cancer on tumor biopsy. He underwent surgical resection with radical intent. Pathological diagnosis of interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma was obtained on surgical samples. Nine months after radical surgery, he experienced systemic recurrence of disease and underwent chemotherapy with @entity4 and @entity5 for 4 courses. During chemotherapy, he developed brain disease progression and underwent whole-brain radiotherapy. Systemic progression was then observed and molecular characterization was performed. @entity3 evaluation resulted positive for @entity8 mutation and the @entity0 was treated with @entity7 according to molecular findings. He thus obtained initial clinical benefit but eventually died of brain hemorrhage. In conclusion, we report a case of @entity3 mutation detected in an interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma @entity0 treated with targeted therapy. @entity3 pathway could have a role in pathogenesis and evolution of this rare disease and could open new perspectives of treatment.

title: @entity3 mutation in interdigitating XXXX : a case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Interdigitating @entity9 is an extremely rare @entity1 . The diagnosis is difficult and is based on clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Differential diagnosis includes @entity2 , mesenchymal and @entity6 . The mainstay of treatment is surgery for limited disease and different chemotherapy combinations have been tested for advanced disease. No evidence from prospective trials is currently available. We report the case of a 59  year-old male @entity0 who experienced axillary lymphadenopathy with initial diagnosis of large-cell lung cancer on tumor biopsy. He underwent surgical resection with radical intent. Pathological diagnosis of interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma was obtained on surgical samples. Nine months after radical surgery, he experienced systemic recurrence of disease and underwent chemotherapy with @entity4 and @entity5 for 4 courses. During chemotherapy, he developed brain disease progression and underwent whole-brain radiotherapy. Systemic progression was then observed and molecular characterization was performed. @entity3 evaluation resulted positive for @entity8 mutation and the @entity0 was treated with @entity7 according to molecular findings. He thus obtained initial clinical benefit but eventually died of brain hemorrhage. In conclusion, we report a case of @entity3 mutation detected in an interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma @entity0 treated with targeted therapy. @entity3 pathway could have a role in pathogenesis and evolution of this rare disease and could open new perspectives of treatment.

title: XXXX mutation in interdigitating @entity9 : a case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Cyclin dependent kinases (cdks) and cyclins regulate the progression of cells through the cell cycle and can be overexpressed in @entity0 @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical profile of these proliferation-associated proteins and correlate the results with clinicopathologic parameters of @entity2 . Archival tissue sections from 91 @entity2 were immunostained using monoclonal antibodies against @entity9 cdk, @entity10 , @entity8 , Ki-67, and @entity3 . Immunoreactivity was semiquantitatively assessed and the results correlated with pathologic features and survival. Of the 91 @entity2 , 74 were endometrioid (17 villoglandular, 57 of usual type) and 17 were @entity4 . The positivity rates for the different proteins in papillary serous and endometrioid @entity1 , respectively, were as follows: @entity9 , 24% and 23%; @entity6 , 71% and 64%; @entity7 , 24% and 26%; @entity8 , 47% and 9%; Ki-67, 82% and 64%; and @entity3 , 47% and 47%. Only @entity8 correlated with histologic @entity1 type with significantly higher expression in both @entity4 compared to nonvilloglandular @entity5 (p = 0.0001). @entity8 positivity also correlated with advanced @entity1 stage (p = 0.0001). Ki-67, @entity6 , and @entity3 correlated with @entity0 survival in @entity5 on univariate analysis (p = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.003, respectively), but, on multivariate analysis, only @entity1 grade (p = 0.02) and depth of invasion (p = 0.04) were independent predictors of outcome. In summary, although most of the cell proliferation-associated proteins studied did not appear to be associated with clinicopathologic features of @entity2 , there was significantly higher expression of @entity8 in @entity4 compared to nonvilloglandular @entity5 , suggesting a possible role of @entity8 in @entity1 behavior. In addition, Ki-67, @entity6 , and @entity3 expression correlated with survival in @entity5 , but only in a univariate analysis.

title: Cell proliferation-associated proteins in XXXX , including papillary serous and endometrioid subtypes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The occurrence of episodes of getting lost was examined in 104 subjects with @entity1 who were assessed every 4 months over 5 years. All subjects were initially living at home with a caregiver who could give good information. Forty-three subjects needed to be brought back home at least once. Five subjects repeatedly got lost. Forty-six subjects were kept behind locked doors at some point. Subjects who got lost were more likely to become permanently resident in institutions (odds ratio = 7.3; 95% confidence interval: 3.0 to 17.8). @entity0 who performed better on a behavioral test of topographical memory were less likely to get lost over the subsequent 5 years (negative predictive value: 90%). The risk of @entity0 with @entity1 getting lost is substantial and requires frequent intervention by caregivers. This risk is a major reason for institutionalization. A simple test may help in assessing the risk of getting lost in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Getting lost in XXXX : a longitudinal study of a behavioral symptom.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to clarify the clinicopathological factors influencing appropriate surgical strategy and survival in @entity0 with @entity2 of the hepatic duct confluence. METHODS: A total of 66 @entity0 who underwent local resection of the bile duct with (n = 44) and without (n = 22) hepatectomy were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Fifteen of the 44 @entity0 who had hepatectomy and two of the 22 who did not suffered major @entity3 (P < 0.05). As the pT category rose, the incidence of microscopic @entity1 extension increased significantly. Invasion at the surgical margins was more frequent in the @entity0 who did not have hepatectomy than in those who did. Extramural @entity1 extension was found in 23 of 28 @entity0 , and its prevalence was higher in the hepatic direction than the duodenal direction. Cancer invasion to the caudate lobe was found in nine of 21 @entity0 . Thirty of 44 @entity0 who underwent hepatectomy had a curative resection compared with six of 22 who did not have hepatectomy (P < 0.01). The cumulative survival rates after curative resection were significantly higher than after non-curative resection (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Hepatectomy with caudate lobectomy improves the curability and prognosis because these @entity1 frequently invade the surgical margins. However, operative morbidity is higher with this procedure.

title: Surgical strategies for XXXX of the hepatic duct confluence.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The health of primary sensory afferents supplying muscle has to be a first consideration in assessing deficits in proprioception and related motor functions. Here we discuss the role of a particular proprioceptor, the IA muscle spindle proprioceptor in causing @entity2 in response to either regeneration of a sectioned peripheral nerve or damage from @entity5 chemotherapy. For each condition, there is a single preferred and widely repeated explanation for disability of movements associated with proprioceptive function. We present a mix of published and preliminary findings from our laboratory, largely from in  vivo electrophysiological study of treated @entity1 to demonstrate newly discovered IA afferent defects that seem likely to make important contributions to @entity2 . First, we argue that reconnection of regenerated IA afferents with inappropriate targets, although often repeated as the reason for lost stretch-reflex contraction, is not a complete explanation. We present evidence that despite successful recovery of stretch-evoked sensory signaling, peripherally regenerated IA afferents retract synapses made with motoneurons in the spinal cord. Second, we point to evidence that @entity2 suffered by @entity0 subjects months after discontinuation of @entity3 (OX) chemotherapy for some is not accompanied by @entity4 , which is the acknowledged primary cause of disability. Our studies of OX-treated @entity1 suggest a novel additional explanation in showing the loss of sustained repetitive firing of IA afferents during static muscle stretch. Newly extended investigation reproduces this effect in normal @entity1 with drugs that block @entity6 channels apparently involved in encoding static IA afferent firing. Overall, these findings highlight multiplicity in IA afferent deficits that must be taken into account in understanding proprioceptive disability, and that present new avenues and possible advantages for developing effective treatment. Extending the study of IA afferent deficits yielded the additional benefit of elucidating normal processes in IA afferent mechanosensory function.

title: Complex impairment of IA muscle proprioceptors following traumatic or XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe impairment of the major respiratory muscles resulting from @entity1 reduces respiratory function, causing many @entity0 with @entity1 to require mechanical ventilation during the acute stage of injury. Abdominal Functional Electrical Stimulation (AFES) can improve respiratory function in non-ventilated @entity0 with sub-acute and chronic @entity1 . The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical feasibility of using an AFES training program to improve respiratory function and assist ventilator weaning in acute @entity1 . METHODS: AFES was applied for between 20 and 40 minutes per day, five times per week on four alternate weeks, with 10 acute ventilator dependent tetraplegic @entity0 . Each @entity0 was matched retrospectively with a ventilator dependent tetraplegic control, based on injury level, age and sex. Tidal Volume (VT) and Vital Capacity (VC) were measured weekly, with weaning progress compared to the controls. RESULTS: Compliance to training sessions was 96.7%. Stimulated VT was significantly greater than unstimulated VT. VT and VC increased throughout the study, with mean VC increasing significantly (VT: 6.2 mL/kg to 7.8 mL/kg VC: 12.6 mL/kg to 18.7 mL/kg). Intervention @entity0 weaned from mechanical ventilation on average 11 (sd:    23) days faster than their matched controls. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that AFES is a clinically feasible technique for acute ventilator dependent tetraplegic @entity0 and that this intervention may improve respiratory function and enable faster weaning from mechanical ventilation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02200393.

title: Abdominal Functional Electrical Stimulation to Assist Ventilator Weaning in Acute XXXX : A Cohort Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is widely accepted as a treatment for advanced @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, published studies were conducted mainly in Western centers and recruited small numbers of @entity0 . This study presents 1-year outcomes in Taiwanese @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Sixty-two consecutive @entity0 underwent STN-DBS surgery during a 7-year period. Their median drug-off Hoehn and Yahr stage was 3 and mean illness history was 8 years. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the change in drug-off/DBS-on Unified @entity1 Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores relative to presurgical drug-off baseline and change in daily @entity5 -equivalent dose (LED). RESULTS: After 1 year of DBS therapy, @entity0 showed significant improvements with a clinically high effect size in cardinal signs, particularly in @entity2 (63%). Posture instability was also improved, whereas @entity3 was hardly corrected. The LED need was significantly reduced, therefore preoperative drug-induced complications were prominently (51%) ameliorated after surgery and drug-induced @entity4 was remarkably (63%) diminished. No serious adverse effects were encountered after surgery. Overall, motor functions declined by 15% within 1 year in drug-off state. CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral STN-DBS therapy provided effective and sustained benefits to Eastern @entity0 with @entity1 over a 1-year period.

title: One-year Outcome of Bilateral Subthalamic Stimulation in XXXX : An Eastern Experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Adolescents with @entity2 frequently perceive a lack of support from friends. Support from a peer with a shared experience has been found to provide emotional, informational, and appraisal support. We sought to quantify the frequency with which adolescents with @entity2 want to befriend other adolescents with @entity2 , and to describe the features of these friendships. Adolescents with @entity2 who had attended a 10-week structured self-management program from 3 sites were invited to complete an online survey. Forty teens participated, 95% (n = 38) were @entity0 ; 32% (n = 13) befriended another; 52% (n = 21) were interested in befriending another but did not; 15% (n = 6) were not interested in befriending anyone. Over half (62%) of the friendships lasted at least 1 year (n = 8), but only 2 intermingled these with their regular friendships. @entity1 was discussed frequently during interactions. The most common reasons for not forming friendships were no time to exchange contact information during group and not having things in common. Reasons for not being interested in forming a friendship also included not having anything in common apart from @entity1 . The majority of @entity0 were interested in befriending another. Emotional support, by feeling understood and discussing @entity1 without fear that the other is disinterested, was the main peer support provided. Without common interests, this form of friendship may not last and is at risk for being overly solicitous by focusing on @entity1 . It remains unclear whether the benefits of peer support translate into improved function.

title: To Befriend or Not: Naturally Developing Friendships Amongst a Clinical Group of Adolescents with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Alterations in telomere dynamics have emerged as having a causative role in @entity3 . Both the telomere attrition contribute to @entity1 initiation via increasing chromosomal instability and that the telomere elongation induces cell immortalization and leads to @entity1 progression. The objectives of this study are to investigate the dynamics of telomere length in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and the clinicopathological parameters implicated. We measured the relative telomere length (RTL) in cancerous tissues and in corresponding peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) using quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) from 94 @entity0 with @entity2 . Telomere length correlated significantly in @entity1 tissues and corresponding PBL (r   =   0.705). Overall, @entity1 tissue had shorter telomeres than PBL (p   =   0.033). In both @entity1 tissue and PBL, the RTL was significantly correlated with age groups (p   =   0.008 and p   =   0.012, respectively). The RTL in @entity1 tissue was significantly longer in @entity1 (p   =   0.04) and in the late stage of @entity1 (p   =   0.01). In PBL, the RTL was significantly correlated with the macroscopic aspect of @entity1 (p   =   0.02). In addition, the telomere-length ratio of @entity1 to corresponding PBL increased significantly with late-stage groups. Shortening of the telomere was detected in 44.7  %, elongation in 36.2  %, and telomeres were unchanged in 19.1  % of 94 @entity1 . Telomere @entity4 occurred more frequently in the early stage of @entity1 (p   =   0.01). This study suggests that the telomere length in PBL is affected by the macroscopic aspect of @entity1 and that telomere length in @entity1 tissues is a marker for progression of @entity2 and depends on @entity1 -origin site.

title: The relationship between telomere length and clinicopathologic characteristics in XXXX among Tunisian @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Alterations in telomere dynamics have emerged as having a causative role in @entity3 . Both the telomere attrition contribute to @entity1 initiation via increasing chromosomal instability and that the telomere elongation induces cell immortalization and leads to @entity1 progression. The objectives of this study are to investigate the dynamics of telomere length in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and the clinicopathological parameters implicated. We measured the relative telomere length (RTL) in cancerous tissues and in corresponding peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) using quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) from 94 @entity0 with @entity2 . Telomere length correlated significantly in @entity1 tissues and corresponding PBL (r   =   0.705). Overall, @entity1 tissue had shorter telomeres than PBL (p   =   0.033). In both @entity1 tissue and PBL, the RTL was significantly correlated with age groups (p   =   0.008 and p   =   0.012, respectively). The RTL in @entity1 tissue was significantly longer in @entity1 (p   =   0.04) and in the late stage of @entity1 (p   =   0.01). In PBL, the RTL was significantly correlated with the macroscopic aspect of @entity1 (p   =   0.02). In addition, the telomere-length ratio of @entity1 to corresponding PBL increased significantly with late-stage groups. Shortening of the telomere was detected in 44.7  %, elongation in 36.2  %, and telomeres were unchanged in 19.1  % of 94 @entity1 . Telomere @entity4 occurred more frequently in the early stage of @entity1 (p   =   0.01). This study suggests that the telomere length in PBL is affected by the macroscopic aspect of @entity1 and that telomere length in @entity1 tissues is a marker for progression of @entity2 and depends on @entity1 -origin site.

title: The relationship between telomere length and clinicopathologic characteristics in @entity2 among Tunisian XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this study was to monitor the effects of endovascular graft implantation on a @entity1 model of @entity3 . @entity2 were created in 10 @entity1 by fascial patch angioplasty of the infrarenal aorta. In five @entity1 , @entity2 creation was immediately followed by insertion of an endovascular graft. Central aortic and @entity2 sac pressures were then measured by needle puncture. The remaining five @entity1 were left untreated, as controls. Angiography was performed after @entity2 creation, after endovascular graft implantation, and at 1 month and 3 months. Following insertion of an endovascular graft, mean (s.d.) systolic pressure was lower in the @entity2 sac (82.9 (20.20) mmHg) than in the adjacent aorta (113.4 (25.9) mmHg; P < 0.002) in all the treatment group. The effects on diastolic pressure and mean pressure were less pronounced. @entity2 size was increased in all controls (25.2 (9.55)%) and decreased in all of the treated group (22.5 (11.7)%; P < 0.001). In conclusion this model of @entity3 has two important characteristics' it has multiple collateral branches, and it grows. Insertion of an endovascular graft was associated with a reduction in @entity2 sac pressure, reduced @entity2 growth, and @entity0 of the space between the @entity2 sac and the graft.

title: XXXX model of abdominal aortic aneurysm treated by endovascular graft implantation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Primary care nurses are very likely to provide a substantial part of the routine care for @entity0 with @entity1 . In order to examine the knowledge and attitudes of the primary care nurses who undertake the Over-75 Check, towards assessing and managing @entity0 with symptoms of @entity1 , and to assess their level of support for a clinical practice guideline, a postal questionnaire survey was undertaken of primary care nurses responsible for the Over-75 Check in 209 general practices in Gloucester, Avon and Somerset. The questionnaire ascertained some demographic information about the nurses, their training and the practice routine for the Over-75 Check. It also included a case vignette describing a typical presentation of @entity1 at an Over-75 Check. A 65% response rate was achieved. Only one-fifth of respondents ever used formal validated cognitive tests as part of the Over-75 Check. In response to the vignette, nearly 10% took no action at all and a further 25% simply referred the @entity0 on. Amongst the remainder there was considerable variation regarding the tasks considered to be within their remit. The respondents strongly supported the introduction of guidelines. Given the variation in professional responsibilities between practices, it is proposed that a clinical practice guideline covering diagnosis, assessment and management of @entity1 should address the practice as a whole rather than be targeted to specific professionals. The guideline should prompt professionals carrying out an Over-75 Check to recognize symptoms of @entity1 and raise awareness of the range of tasks which need to be undertaken in confirming diagnosis, assessing needs and managing @entity0 . Results from this study suggest that improved training and increased autonomy for primary care nurses would improve access to services for these @entity0 and their carers.

title: XXXX and the Over-75 Check: the role of the primary care nurse.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 15 year-old adolescent @entity0 with a severe treatment refractory @entity1 type I, most recent episode @entity1 , severe with @entity2 features had previously required hospitalizations and treatment with @entity4 and/or @entity5 and high doses of standard neuroleptics without any response. A treatment with a combined @entity3 - @entity4 therapy was progressively started in a hospital setting ( @entity3 300 mg/day; @entity4 1350 mg/day). After 15 days a dramatic improvement in mood and @entity2 symptoms was evident. After four weeks there was 50% improvement on the BPRS (from 74 to 37). The mean CGAS score changed from 25 to 72. At the CGI-Severity of Illness subscale, a 57% decrease was evident; at the CGI-Global Improvement subscale there was a 75% increase. The only significant side effects were sedation and fatigue, but they were not so severe as to induce a reduction of dosage. The @entity0 was discharged from the hospital after three weeks and successfully returned to school with no modifications in treatment. After a nine-month treatment there was no reoccurrence of @entity2 or @entity1 . The implications of pharmacological therapy in treatment refractory @entity1 episodes with @entity2 features are discussed.

title: @entity3 treatment in an adolescent with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 15 year-old adolescent @entity0 with a severe treatment refractory @entity1 type I, most recent episode @entity1 , severe with @entity2 features had previously required hospitalizations and treatment with @entity4 and/or @entity5 and high doses of standard neuroleptics without any response. A treatment with a combined @entity3 - @entity4 therapy was progressively started in a hospital setting ( @entity3 300 mg/day; @entity4 1350 mg/day). After 15 days a dramatic improvement in mood and @entity2 symptoms was evident. After four weeks there was 50% improvement on the BPRS (from 74 to 37). The mean CGAS score changed from 25 to 72. At the CGI-Severity of Illness subscale, a 57% decrease was evident; at the CGI-Global Improvement subscale there was a 75% increase. The only significant side effects were sedation and fatigue, but they were not so severe as to induce a reduction of dosage. The @entity0 was discharged from the hospital after three weeks and successfully returned to school with no modifications in treatment. After a nine-month treatment there was no reoccurrence of @entity2 or @entity1 . The implications of pharmacological therapy in treatment refractory @entity1 episodes with @entity2 features are discussed.

title: XXXX treatment in an adolescent with @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Studying the biology of the @entity0 placenta represents a major experimental challenge. Although conventional cell culture techniques have been used to study different types of placenta-derived cells, current in vitro models have limitations in recapitulating organ-specific structure and key physiological functions of the placenta. Here we demonstrate that it is possible to leverage microfluidic and microfabrication technologies to develop a microengineered biomimetic model that replicates the architecture and function of the placenta. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A "Placenta-on-a-Chip" microdevice was created by using a set of soft elastomer-based microfabrication techniques known as soft lithography. This microsystem consisted of two @entity2 ( @entity3 ) microfluidic channels separated by a thin extracellular matrix (ECM) membrane. To reproduce the placental barrier in this model, @entity0 trophoblasts (JEG-3) and @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were seeded onto the opposite sides of the ECM membrane and cultured under dynamic flow conditions to form confluent epithelial and endothelial layers in close apposition. We tested the physiological function of the microengineered placental barrier by measuring @entity1 transport across the trophoblast-endothelial interface over time. The permeability of the barrier study was analyzed and compared to that obtained from acellular devices and additional control groups that contained epithelial or endothelial layers alone. RESULTS: Our microfluidic cell culture system provided a tightly controlled fluidic environment conducive to the proliferation and maintenance of JEG-3 trophoblasts and HUVECs on the ECM scaffold. Prolonged culture in this model produced confluent cellular monolayers on the intervening membrane that together formed the placental barrier. This in vivo-like microarchitecture was also critical for creating a physiologically relevant effective barrier to @entity1 transport. Quantitative investigation of barrier function was conducted by calculating permeability coefficients and metabolic rates in varying conditions of barrier structure. The rates of @entity1 transport and metabolism were consistent with previously reported in vivo observations. CONCLUSION: The "Placenta-on-a-Chip" microdevice described herein provides new opportunities to simulate and analyze critical physiological responses of the placental barrier. This system may be used to address the major limitations of existing placenta model systems and serve to enable research platforms for reproductive biology and medicine.

title: Placenta-on-a-chip: a novel platform to study the biology of the XXXX placenta.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effect on ultrasound (US) time and energy of using flared phacoemulsification @entity4 in @entity1 surgery. SETTING: Private referral practice of Pacific Cataract _ Laser Institute, Chehalis, Washington, USA. METHODS: One surgeon using the Allergan Medical Optics Diplomate phacoemulsification machine performed @entity1 surgery by a single divide-and-conquer technique. A prospective nonmasked consecutive study group (n = 262) was selected from @entity0 operated on with phaco @entity4 flared by 25%. A consecutive control group (n = 440) was selected from @entity0 having surgery using the same technique except for the use of straight phaco @entity4 . The study group had @entity1 surgery over a 5 week period and the control group, over an earlier 10 week period. Two weeks separated the groups. Cases complicated by @entity3 were eliminated. The 2 groups were compared by age, sex, @entity2 ( @entity2 , the total time ultrasound energy was applied), and equivalent phaco time (EPT, the product of the phaco time elapsed and the phaco energy). RESULTS: One @entity0 in each group was eliminated for @entity3 during surgery. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or eye between the 2 groups. The study group had a mean @entity2 of 29.2 seconds +/- 11.7 (SD) (range 0 to 88 seconds) and a mean EPT of 16.4 +/- 8.6 seconds (range 0 to 67 seconds). The control group had a mean @entity2 of 34.4 +/- 16.1 seconds (range 0 to 130 seconds) (P <.001) and a mean EPT of 20.0 +/- 12.8 seconds (range 0 to 107 seconds) (P <.001). CONCLUSION: Flared ultrasonic phacoemulsification @entity4 significantly reduced the US time and energy used in @entity1 surgery.

title: Flared phacoemulsification XXXX to decrease ultrasound time and energy in @entity1 surgery.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effect on ultrasound (US) time and energy of using flared phacoemulsification @entity4 in @entity1 surgery. SETTING: Private referral practice of Pacific Cataract _ Laser Institute, Chehalis, Washington, USA. METHODS: One surgeon using the Allergan Medical Optics Diplomate phacoemulsification machine performed @entity1 surgery by a single divide-and-conquer technique. A prospective nonmasked consecutive study group (n = 262) was selected from @entity0 operated on with phaco @entity4 flared by 25%. A consecutive control group (n = 440) was selected from @entity0 having surgery using the same technique except for the use of straight phaco @entity4 . The study group had @entity1 surgery over a 5 week period and the control group, over an earlier 10 week period. Two weeks separated the groups. Cases complicated by @entity3 were eliminated. The 2 groups were compared by age, sex, @entity2 ( @entity2 , the total time ultrasound energy was applied), and equivalent phaco time (EPT, the product of the phaco time elapsed and the phaco energy). RESULTS: One @entity0 in each group was eliminated for @entity3 during surgery. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or eye between the 2 groups. The study group had a mean @entity2 of 29.2 seconds +/- 11.7 (SD) (range 0 to 88 seconds) and a mean EPT of 16.4 +/- 8.6 seconds (range 0 to 67 seconds). The control group had a mean @entity2 of 34.4 +/- 16.1 seconds (range 0 to 130 seconds) (P <.001) and a mean EPT of 20.0 +/- 12.8 seconds (range 0 to 107 seconds) (P <.001). CONCLUSION: Flared ultrasonic phacoemulsification @entity4 significantly reduced the US time and energy used in @entity1 surgery.

title: Flared phacoemulsification @entity4 to decrease ultrasound time and energy in XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for acute complicated type B @entity4 ( @entity4 ) promotes early positive aortic remodeling. However, little is known about the long-term effect of TEVAR on the dissected aorta, which is the goal of this study. METHODS: Between August 2005 and August 2009, 31 @entity0 with complicated type B @entity4 were treated with TEVAR and had >1-year follow-up imaging. Computed tomography angiograms obtained at 1  month, 1  year, and long term (average, 42  months) were compared with baseline scans. The largest diameters of the stented thoracic aorta, stented true lumen, and stented false lumen were recorded at each time point, as were the values in the unstented distal thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta. Changes over time were evaluated by a mixed effect analysis of variance model of repeated measures. RESULTS: The average age of the cohort was 56  years, and 74% were male. Indications for TEVAR were as follows: 61% malperfusion, 32% refractory @entity1 , 45% impending rupture, and 32% persistent @entity2 ; 58% had more than one indication. All @entity0 were treated in the acute phase within 7  days of the initial presentation. The average length of aorta covered was 19  cm. Observation of the stented segment over time showed that the maximum diameter of the stented thoracic aorta was stable (P  = NS), the diameter of the stented true lumen increased (P  < .001), and the diameter of the stented false lumen decreased (P  < .001); 84% had complete false lumen obliteration across the stented aortic segment. Observation of the uncovered thoracic aorta over time showed that the maximum diameter increased (P  = .014), as did the visceral segment of the aorta (P  < .001). The average growth of the visceral segment was 31% in @entity0 with a patent false lumen vs 3% in those with a thrombosed false lumen (P  = .004). One @entity0 had @entity5 and required an additional endograft at 18  months. CONCLUSIONS: TEVAR of acute @entity4 promotes long-term remodeling across the stented segment, with false lumen obliteration in 84% of @entity0 . However, false lumen obliteration beyond the stented segment appears necessary to prevent late @entity3 .

title: Late aortic remodeling persists in the stented segment after endovascular repair of acute complicated type B XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The extracapsular spread of disease in modal @entity1 of head and @entity3 is an important prognostic factor. However, the implications of the degree of capsular involvement are rarely mentioned. This is a prospective study which intends to investigate the role of transcapsular spread in metastatic lymph nodes on the outcome of @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: This is a prospective study of 170 consecutive cases of previously untreated @entity0 with @entity7 or the hypopharynx treated from January 1981 through January 1988 at the Head and Neck Service of the Heli  polis Hospital Complex, S  o Paulo, Brazil. In an attempt to understand better the influence of the extension of capsular lymph node involvement on recurrence and actuarial survival rates, the Kaplan-Meier method and Mantel-Cox test were used. RESULTS: The nodal cervical relapse was associated only to a macroscopic transcapsular spread (confidence interval, 1.7-7.0). When the @entity4 was confined to the lymph node or only a microscopic transcapsular spread was present, no statistically significant differences were found in recurrence or in @entity5 rates. The 5-year global and disease-free actuarial survival rates were, respectively, 52.0% and 56.8% for cases without @entity1 and 5.8% and 10.2% when macroscopic transcapsular spread was present (p < .0001). The capsular @entity6 was the most important independent prognostic factor associated with the N categories of the @entity8 clinical classification and with metastatic lymph node diameter. CONCLUSIONS: The risks of recurrence and @entity5 are higher when there is macroscopic extracapsular extension. When the @entity2 is confined to the lymph node or shows a microscopic invasion beyond the capsule, there are no statistically significant differences in risk rates. The risk of capsular @entity6 is related to the N category of the classification @entity8 and the diameter of the metastatic lymph node, from 3 cm and larger.

title: Quantitative analysis of the extent of extracapsular invasion and its prognostic significance: a prospective study of 170 cases of XXXX and hypopharynx.

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIMS: Highly structured, intensive behavioral lifestyle interventions have been shown to be efficacious in research settings for @entity2 2 @entity1 management and @entity3 . We sought to evaluate the benefit of participation in more limited counseling and/or education among individuals with newly diagnosed @entity2 2 @entity1 in more modest real-world clinical settings. METHODS: Electronic Health Records of newly diagnosed @entity2 2 @entity1 @entity0 age 35-74 from a large ambulatory group practice were analyzed (n = 1,314). We examined participation in clinic-based lifestyle counseling/education and subsequent @entity3 . RESULTS: Of the total cohort, 599 (45.6%) @entity0 received counseling/education with (26.2%) and without (19.4%) medication, 298(22.7%) @entity0 received a prescription for medication alone, and 417(31.7%) @entity0 were only monitored. On average, those who participated in counseling/education attended 2.5 sessions (approximately 2-3 hours). The average @entity3 of @entity0 who received counseling/education alone during the follow-up period (up to three years post-exposure to participation) was 6.3 lbs. (3.3% of body weight), and, if received with medication prescription, 8.1lbs. (4.0% of body weight) (all at P<0.001). The @entity3 associated with medication was only 3.5 lbs. (P<0.001). No significant weight change was observed in the monitoring only group. CONCLUSIONS: While efforts to improve both the short-term and long-term effectiveness of behavioral lifestyle interventions in real-world settings are ongoing, it is important for clinicians to continue to utilize less intensive, existing resources. Even relatively small "doses" of health education may help in promoting @entity3 and may potentially reduce cardiometabolic risk.

title: Impact of Education on Weight in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 XXXX : Every Little Bit Helps.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to clarify the clinical significance of @entity4 expression in the endoscopic treatment of @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: One hundred eighty-four @entity1 with @entity0 were examined. The depth of @entity0 was classified as scanty or massive. The histologic subclassification at the deepest invasive portion was defined as well-differentiated, moderately well-differentiated, moderately to poorly differentiated, poorly differentiated, or @entity5 . @entity4 expression was examined immunohistochemically at the deepest invasive portion. In addition, the Ki67 labeling index was also examined immunohistochemically. RESULTS: Lymph node @entity0 were detected in 28 (15.2 percent) of 184 lesions. Lesions with both scanty @entity0 and well-differentiated or moderately well-differentiated @entity3 had no lymph node @entity0 . @entity4 expression was detected in 88 (47.8 percent) of 184 lesions and correlated significantly with the presence of lymph node @entity0 . The Ki67 labeling index also correlated significantly with lymph node @entity0 . Furthermore, lesions with both @entity4 -negative and low Ki67 labeling index showed no lymph node @entity0 , even in lesions with @entity0 . Multivariate analysis indicated that @entity4 expression was one of the most important risk factors for lymph node @entity0 and histologic grade among the clinicopathologic factors usually examined. CONCLUSION: @entity4 expression is one of the accurate predictors of the presence of lymph node @entity0 among the clinicopathologic factors commonly used. Combined analysis of @entity4 expression and Ki67 labeling index may be a useful indicator of lymph node @entity0 and may broaden the indications for the curative endoscopic treatment of @entity2 with @entity0 .

title: XXXX expression as a predictor of the curative endoscopic treatment of submucosally invasive @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to clarify the clinical significance of @entity4 expression in the endoscopic treatment of @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: One hundred eighty-four @entity1 with @entity0 were examined. The depth of @entity0 was classified as scanty or massive. The histologic subclassification at the deepest invasive portion was defined as well-differentiated, moderately well-differentiated, moderately to poorly differentiated, poorly differentiated, or @entity5 . @entity4 expression was examined immunohistochemically at the deepest invasive portion. In addition, the Ki67 labeling index was also examined immunohistochemically. RESULTS: Lymph node @entity0 were detected in 28 (15.2 percent) of 184 lesions. Lesions with both scanty @entity0 and well-differentiated or moderately well-differentiated @entity3 had no lymph node @entity0 . @entity4 expression was detected in 88 (47.8 percent) of 184 lesions and correlated significantly with the presence of lymph node @entity0 . The Ki67 labeling index also correlated significantly with lymph node @entity0 . Furthermore, lesions with both @entity4 -negative and low Ki67 labeling index showed no lymph node @entity0 , even in lesions with @entity0 . Multivariate analysis indicated that @entity4 expression was one of the most important risk factors for lymph node @entity0 and histologic grade among the clinicopathologic factors usually examined. CONCLUSION: @entity4 expression is one of the accurate predictors of the presence of lymph node @entity0 among the clinicopathologic factors commonly used. Combined analysis of @entity4 expression and Ki67 labeling index may be a useful indicator of lymph node @entity0 and may broaden the indications for the curative endoscopic treatment of @entity2 with @entity0 .

title: @entity4 expression as a predictor of the curative endoscopic treatment of submucosally invasive XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The authors describe the case of a 51-year-old @entity0 with bilateral @entity8 and prior @entity1 who developed an asystolic @entity3 while undergoing revascularization surgery under mild @entity6 . The @entity0 was successfully treated with venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) after manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was unsuccessful for 45 minutes. ECMO is a cardiopulmonary support system that is indicated for @entity4 in pediatric and adult @entity0 . It is increasingly being used as an extension to mechanical CPR for @entity0 who have suffered @entity3 if the underlying cause of @entity3 is thought to be reversible. Identifying which @entity0 should be placed on emergency ECMO after @entity3 is controversial given its high morbidity and mortality. ECMO in neurosurgical settings has associated risks of @entity2 and neurological compromise, while resource utilization is paramount given the high costs of this treatment. This paper is significant because it describes the use of ECMO in an unindicated setting. Limited data are available for ECMO usage after @entity3 with baseline @entity7 . Furthermore, this paper raises important considerations for extracorporeal CPR use in a @entity0 who had recently undergone craniotomy. The @entity0 in this report remained on ECMO for 48 hours, after which he was successfully weaned. He developed a @entity5 and compartment syndrome from the ECMO but made a complete neurological recovery. Use of ECMO emergently in an appropriately chosen neurosurgical @entity0 is safe, even in the setting of baseline @entity7 and recent craniotomy.

title: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for XXXX during moyamoya cerebral revascularization surgery: case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: A retrospective review of @entity0 with @entity2 treated at a regional @entity1 center was performed to assess the long term efficacy and @entity3 associated with post operative radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1950 and 1995, 212 @entity0 seen at the London Regional Cancer Centre received adjuvant radiotherapy following orchiectomy for Stage I (169) and II (43) @entity4 . Median follow-up for the group was 7.5 years. RESULTS: Progression free, cause specific, and overall survival were 95%, 98%, and 95% at 5 years, and 94%, 98%, and 94% at 10 years respectively. An increased risk of failure was noted among @entity0 with bulky @entity2 . No other prognostic factors for relapse were identified. Late @entity3 was uncommon with only 12/212 (6%) developing any late @entity3 potentially attributable to radiotherapy. The incidence of second @entity1 (excluding second @entity1 ) was 6/212 (actuarial:1%, 1%, 6% at 5,10,15 years respectively). There was a trend toward increased acute complications for @entity0 treated with larger volumes of radiation. No prognostic factors associated with increased risk of late @entity3 or second @entity1 were identified, likely a consequence of the small number of these events. CONCLUSION: Survival and @entity3 were comparable to that reported in the literature. Post-operative radiotherapy remains a safe and efficacious adjuvant treatment for Stage I and early @entity2 .

title: Postoperative radiotherapy for XXXX : results for 212 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: A retrospective review of @entity0 with @entity2 treated at a regional @entity1 center was performed to assess the long term efficacy and @entity3 associated with post operative radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1950 and 1995, 212 @entity0 seen at the London Regional Cancer Centre received adjuvant radiotherapy following orchiectomy for Stage I (169) and II (43) @entity4 . Median follow-up for the group was 7.5 years. RESULTS: Progression free, cause specific, and overall survival were 95%, 98%, and 95% at 5 years, and 94%, 98%, and 94% at 10 years respectively. An increased risk of failure was noted among @entity0 with bulky @entity2 . No other prognostic factors for relapse were identified. Late @entity3 was uncommon with only 12/212 (6%) developing any late @entity3 potentially attributable to radiotherapy. The incidence of second @entity1 (excluding second @entity1 ) was 6/212 (actuarial:1%, 1%, 6% at 5,10,15 years respectively). There was a trend toward increased acute complications for @entity0 treated with larger volumes of radiation. No prognostic factors associated with increased risk of late @entity3 or second @entity1 were identified, likely a consequence of the small number of these events. CONCLUSION: Survival and @entity3 were comparable to that reported in the literature. Post-operative radiotherapy remains a safe and efficacious adjuvant treatment for Stage I and early @entity2 .

title: Postoperative radiotherapy for @entity2 : results for 212 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data are lacking on the long-term effect on cardiovascular events of adding @entity10 , a @entity9 inhibitor, to usual care in @entity0 with @entity4 2 @entity1 and @entity3 . METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind study, we assigned 14,671 @entity0 to add either @entity10 or placebo to their existing therapy. Open-label use of antihyperglycemic therapy was encouraged as required, aimed at reaching individually appropriate glycemic targets in all @entity0 . To determine whether @entity10 was noninferior to placebo, we used a relative risk of 1.3 as the marginal upper boundary. The primary cardiovascular outcome was a composite of @entity3 , nonfatal @entity5 , @entity2 , or hospitalization for unstable @entity8 . RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.0 years, there was a small difference in glycated hemoglobin levels (least-squares mean difference for @entity10 vs. placebo, -0.29 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.32 to -0.27). Overall, the primary outcome occurred in 839 @entity0 in the @entity10 group (11.4%; 4.06 per 100 @entity0 -years) and 851 @entity0 in the placebo group (11.6%; 4.17 per 100 @entity0 -years). @entity10 was noninferior to placebo for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09; P<0.001). Rates of hospitalization for @entity6 did not differ between the two groups (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.20; P=0.98). There were no significant between-group differences in rates of @entity7 (P=0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity0 with @entity4 2 @entity1 and established @entity3 , adding @entity10 to usual care did not appear to increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for @entity6 , or other adverse events. (Funded by Merck Sharp _ Dohme; TECOS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00790205.).

title: Effect of @entity10 on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data are lacking on the long-term effect on cardiovascular events of adding @entity10 , a @entity9 inhibitor, to usual care in @entity0 with @entity4 2 @entity1 and @entity3 . METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind study, we assigned 14,671 @entity0 to add either @entity10 or placebo to their existing therapy. Open-label use of antihyperglycemic therapy was encouraged as required, aimed at reaching individually appropriate glycemic targets in all @entity0 . To determine whether @entity10 was noninferior to placebo, we used a relative risk of 1.3 as the marginal upper boundary. The primary cardiovascular outcome was a composite of @entity3 , nonfatal @entity5 , @entity2 , or hospitalization for unstable @entity8 . RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.0 years, there was a small difference in glycated hemoglobin levels (least-squares mean difference for @entity10 vs. placebo, -0.29 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.32 to -0.27). Overall, the primary outcome occurred in 839 @entity0 in the @entity10 group (11.4%; 4.06 per 100 @entity0 -years) and 851 @entity0 in the placebo group (11.6%; 4.17 per 100 @entity0 -years). @entity10 was noninferior to placebo for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09; P<0.001). Rates of hospitalization for @entity6 did not differ between the two groups (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.20; P=0.98). There were no significant between-group differences in rates of @entity7 (P=0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity0 with @entity4 2 @entity1 and established @entity3 , adding @entity10 to usual care did not appear to increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for @entity6 , or other adverse events. (Funded by Merck Sharp _ Dohme; TECOS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00790205.).

title: Effect of XXXX on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 @entity1 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the cure rate of urge @entity1 after Burch colposuspension in @entity0 with mixed @entity1 diagnosed urodynamically, to determine if cure rates were different when the onset of urge symptoms antedated or postdated the symptoms of @entity2 , and to propose appropriate preoperative counseling of @entity0 based on this information. METHODS: Forty-six @entity0 with urodynamically diagnosed genuine @entity2 and detrusor instability underwent Burch colposuspension. History of chronologic onset of @entity2 or urge @entity1 was recorded. Detailed history, clinical examination, and multichannel urodynamic and other functional studies were carried out on each @entity0 preoperatively and postoperatively. Postoperative urodynamic studies were performed only in @entity0 with persistent symptoms. @entity0 were assigned to the antecedent stress or antecedent urge group depending on which symptom(s) occurred first. Cure rates in each group were calculated and compared with history of @entity1 . RESULTS: Fifty-eight of 82 @entity0 with complaints of both stress and urge @entity1 were diagnosed urodynamically as having mixed @entity1 ; 46 of them met the study criteria and underwent Burch colposuspension. @entity2 preceded urgency in 28 of the 46 @entity0 (61%); urgency occurred first in the remaining 18 (39%). The cure rate of 78.6% (22 of 28) for urge @entity1 was statistically significantly greater in the antecedent stress group compared with 22.2% (four of 18) in the antecedent urge group (P < .001). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with a primary presenting symptom of @entity2 who later develop urge @entity1 are 2.5 times more likely to be cured of urge @entity1 by Burch colposuspension than @entity0 whose primary presenting symptom is urge @entity1 .

title: Antecedent history as a predictor of surgical cure of urgency symptoms in mixed XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The difficulties encountered by individuals with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) when interacting with neurotypical (NT, i.e. nonautistic) individuals are usually attributed to failure to recognize the emotions and mental states of their NT interaction partner. It is also possible, however, that at least some of the difficulty is due to a failure of NT individuals to read the mental and emotional states of @entity1 interaction partners. Previous research has frequently observed deficits of typical @entity4 in individuals with @entity1 , suggesting atypical representations of emotional expressions. Relatively little research, however, has investigated the ability of individuals with @entity1 to produce recognizable emotional expressions, and thus, whether NT individuals can recognize autistic emotional expressions. The few studies which have investigated this have used only NT observers, making it impossible to determine whether atypical representations are shared among individuals with @entity1 , or idiosyncratic. This study investigated NT and @entity1 @entity0 ' ability to recognize emotional expressions produced by NT and @entity1 posers. Three posing conditions were included, to determine whether potential group differences are due to atypical @entity2 , impaired understanding of the communicative value of expressions, or poor proprioceptive feedback. Results indicated that @entity1 expressions were recognized less well than NT expressions, and that this is likely due to a genuine deficit in the representation of typical emotional expressions in this population. Further, @entity1 expressions were equally poorly recognized by NT individuals and those with @entity1 , implicating idiosyncratic, rather than common, atypical representations of emotional expressions in @entity1 . @entity3 Res 2015.    2015 The Authors @entity3 Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for @entity3 Research.

title: Can Neurotypical Individuals Read Autistic Facial Expressions? Atypical Production of Emotional Facial Expressions in XXXX Spectrum Disorders.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was done to evaluate the differences in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) clearance, pH normalization, and the occurrence of complications between survivors and nonsurvivors after trauma. DESIGN: Concurrent data entry with retrospective review. METHODS: @entity2 @entity0 meeting registry criteria from July 1990 through August 1995 with arterial blood gases performed within 1 hour of admission and admission @entity1 < or = -6 were included. Data was grouped by @entity1 category (moderate, -6 to -9; severe, < or = -10). Group means +/- SEM were compared with a two-tailed t test. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Six hundred seventy-four @entity0 met entry criteria. Survivors in both the moderate and severe @entity1 groups had improved their @entity1 within 4 hours and normalized their @entity1 by 16 hours. Nonsurvivors did not improve their @entity1 category until 8 hours (for the severe group) and 16 hours (for the moderate group) and did not normalize @entity1 before 24 hours. The @entity1 differences between survivors and nonsurvivors were significant at each time interval, whereas pH differences were significant at 2 hours in the moderate group and at 2, 16, and 24 hours in the severe group. @entity0 who failed to improve their @entity1 > -6 had an increased frequency of adult @entity4 , @entity5 , and mortality. CONCLUSION: Base deficit reveals differences in metabolic @entity3 between survivors and nonsurvivors not shown by pH determinations and is clearly a better marker of @entity3 clearance after shock.

title: Base deficit is superior to pH in evaluating clearance of XXXX after traumatic shock.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this paper, we report the surgical results of our DeBakey and Crawford combined method. METHODS: From 1985 to 1995, 22 consecutive @entity0 with thoraco-abdominal aneurysms underwent a modified DeBakey and Crawford combined procedure to minimize the ischemic time for the spinal cord and visceral organs. The extent of @entity6 as classified by Crawford was as follows: Group I, 12; Group II, 4, Group III, 3; Group IV, 3. The etiology of the @entity6 was @entity9 in 19, @entity2 in 2, and @entity11 in 1. The @entity6 was approached through the spiral opening method. First, end-to-side distal @entity4 was performed above the bifurcation under partial aortic clamping, and this was followed by proximal @entity4 . During the end-to-end proximal @entity4 , a Gott shunt tube or heparinless left heart bypass was used. In two @entity0 , @entity1 had been previously reconstructed by a saphenous vein graft extending from the left common iliac artery. Then @entity6 was opened, and the right renal artery and superiors mesenteric artery were perfused with cold blood. In two @entity0 , partial cardiopulmonary bypass and selective perfusion were performed. In eight @entity0 , renal artery, celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and intercostal artery were reconstructed with a branch graft. RESULTS: No @entity0 died within 30 days of surgery, however, one @entity0 died of @entity8 (POD 54) and another of @entity10 during hemodialysis (POD 60). @entity5 included @entity7 , and @entity3 requiring dialysis each in two @entity0 . Postoperative angiography revealed 18/19 (94.7%) of grafts were patent. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, by using different techniques for spinal cord and visceral protection, including the Gott shunt, Biomedicus pump, renal cryopreservation, and separate revascularization of viscera and intercostal arteries, good results could be obtained.

title: Surgical results for thoraco-abdominal XXXX by modified DeBakey method using centrifugal biopump and renal cryopreservation.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to determine whether myocardial stretch (non- @entity1 stress) could precondition isolated perfused hearts of both normotensive Wister-Kyoto (WKY) @entity0 and spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 (SHR). METHODS: The perfused hearts in Langendorff mode were subjected to 30 min of global no-flow @entity1 followed by 30 min of reperfusion. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were measured. In the control group, LVEDP was set at 10 mmHg. In the stretch group, LVEDP was increased to 30 or 60 mmHg for 5 min before 30 min of @entity1 . In the @entity1 preconditioning group, the hearts were exposed to two cycles of a 5-min period of @entity1 before 30 min of @entity1 . Myocardial @entity4 contents were measured at the baseline and at the end of the 60 mmHg stretch. RESULTS: Hemodynamic parameters of LVDP and LVEDP at 30 min of reperfusion improved in the stretch group (LVEDP of 60 mmHg) and the @entity1 preconditioning group. Coronary flow did not decrease during the stretch. Recovery of the coronary flow during reperfusion was better in the stretch and @entity1 preconditioning groups. Postischemic contractile function was better in WKY @entity0 than in SHR. Myocardial @entity4 contents at the end of 60 mmHg stretch were negligible. CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial stretch induced by increasing LVEDP preconditioned isolated perfused hearts of both WKY @entity0 and SHR, via mechanisms not involving @entity3 during stretch.

title: Myocardial stretch induced by increased left ventricular diastolic pressure preconditions isolated perfused hearts of normotensive and spontaneously XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to determine whether myocardial stretch (non- @entity1 stress) could precondition isolated perfused hearts of both normotensive Wister-Kyoto (WKY) @entity0 and spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 (SHR). METHODS: The perfused hearts in Langendorff mode were subjected to 30 min of global no-flow @entity1 followed by 30 min of reperfusion. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were measured. In the control group, LVEDP was set at 10 mmHg. In the stretch group, LVEDP was increased to 30 or 60 mmHg for 5 min before 30 min of @entity1 . In the @entity1 preconditioning group, the hearts were exposed to two cycles of a 5-min period of @entity1 before 30 min of @entity1 . Myocardial @entity4 contents were measured at the baseline and at the end of the 60 mmHg stretch. RESULTS: Hemodynamic parameters of LVDP and LVEDP at 30 min of reperfusion improved in the stretch group (LVEDP of 60 mmHg) and the @entity1 preconditioning group. Coronary flow did not decrease during the stretch. Recovery of the coronary flow during reperfusion was better in the stretch and @entity1 preconditioning groups. Postischemic contractile function was better in WKY @entity0 than in SHR. Myocardial @entity4 contents at the end of 60 mmHg stretch were negligible. CONCLUSIONS: Myocardial stretch induced by increasing LVEDP preconditioned isolated perfused hearts of both WKY @entity0 and SHR, via mechanisms not involving @entity3 during stretch.

title: Myocardial stretch induced by increased left ventricular diastolic pressure preconditions isolated perfused hearts of normotensive and spontaneously @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Effective antiretroviral (ARV) therapy depends on adequate drug exposure, yet methods to assess ARV exposure are limited. Concentrations of ARV in hair are the product of steady-state pharmacokinetics factors and longitudinal adherence. We investigated @entity2 ( @entity3 ) concentrations in hair as a predictor of treatment response in @entity0 receiving ARVs. In @entity0 of the @entity0 's Interagency @entity1 Study, who reported @entity3 use for >1 month from 2003-2008, @entity3 concentrations in hair were measured via liquid-chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry. The outcome was virologic suppression (plasma @entity1 RNA below assay threshold) at the time of hair sampling and the primary predictor was @entity2 concentration categorized into quartiles. We controlled for age, race/ethnicity, pre-treatment @entity1 RNA, CD4 cell count, and self-reported adherence over the 6-month visit interval (categorized  <= 74%, 75%-94% or >=  95%). We also assessed the relation of @entity3 concentration with changes in hepatic transaminase levels via multivariate random intercept logistic regression and linear regression analyses. 271 @entity0 contributed 1089 @entity0 -visits to the analysis (median 3 of semi-annual visits). Viral suppression was least frequent in concentration quartile 1 (86/178 (48.3%)) and increased in higher quartiles (to 158/204 (77.5%) for quartile 4). The odds of viral suppression in the highest concentration quartile were 9.17 times (95% CI 3.2-26, P < 0.0001) those in the lowest. African-American race was associated with lower rates of virologic suppression independent of @entity3 hair concentration. @entity3 concentration was not significantly associated with patterns of serum transaminases. Concentration of @entity3 in hair was a strong independent predictor of virologic suppression in @entity0 taking @entity3 , stronger than self-reported adherence, but did not appear to be strongly predictive of hepatotoxicity.

title: @entity2 Concentration in Hair Samples Is a Strong Predictor of Virologic Suppression in a Prospective Cohort of XXXX -Infected @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Effective antiretroviral (ARV) therapy depends on adequate drug exposure, yet methods to assess ARV exposure are limited. Concentrations of ARV in hair are the product of steady-state pharmacokinetics factors and longitudinal adherence. We investigated @entity2 ( @entity3 ) concentrations in hair as a predictor of treatment response in @entity0 receiving ARVs. In @entity0 of the @entity0 's Interagency @entity1 Study, who reported @entity3 use for >1 month from 2003-2008, @entity3 concentrations in hair were measured via liquid-chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry. The outcome was virologic suppression (plasma @entity1 RNA below assay threshold) at the time of hair sampling and the primary predictor was @entity2 concentration categorized into quartiles. We controlled for age, race/ethnicity, pre-treatment @entity1 RNA, CD4 cell count, and self-reported adherence over the 6-month visit interval (categorized  <= 74%, 75%-94% or >=  95%). We also assessed the relation of @entity3 concentration with changes in hepatic transaminase levels via multivariate random intercept logistic regression and linear regression analyses. 271 @entity0 contributed 1089 @entity0 -visits to the analysis (median 3 of semi-annual visits). Viral suppression was least frequent in concentration quartile 1 (86/178 (48.3%)) and increased in higher quartiles (to 158/204 (77.5%) for quartile 4). The odds of viral suppression in the highest concentration quartile were 9.17 times (95% CI 3.2-26, P < 0.0001) those in the lowest. African-American race was associated with lower rates of virologic suppression independent of @entity3 hair concentration. @entity3 concentration was not significantly associated with patterns of serum transaminases. Concentration of @entity3 in hair was a strong independent predictor of virologic suppression in @entity0 taking @entity3 , stronger than self-reported adherence, but did not appear to be strongly predictive of hepatotoxicity.

title: XXXX Concentration in Hair Samples Is a Strong Predictor of Virologic Suppression in a Prospective Cohort of @entity1 -Infected @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Effective antiretroviral (ARV) therapy depends on adequate drug exposure, yet methods to assess ARV exposure are limited. Concentrations of ARV in hair are the product of steady-state pharmacokinetics factors and longitudinal adherence. We investigated @entity2 ( @entity3 ) concentrations in hair as a predictor of treatment response in @entity0 receiving ARVs. In @entity0 of the @entity0 's Interagency @entity1 Study, who reported @entity3 use for >1 month from 2003-2008, @entity3 concentrations in hair were measured via liquid-chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry. The outcome was virologic suppression (plasma @entity1 RNA below assay threshold) at the time of hair sampling and the primary predictor was @entity2 concentration categorized into quartiles. We controlled for age, race/ethnicity, pre-treatment @entity1 RNA, CD4 cell count, and self-reported adherence over the 6-month visit interval (categorized  <= 74%, 75%-94% or >=  95%). We also assessed the relation of @entity3 concentration with changes in hepatic transaminase levels via multivariate random intercept logistic regression and linear regression analyses. 271 @entity0 contributed 1089 @entity0 -visits to the analysis (median 3 of semi-annual visits). Viral suppression was least frequent in concentration quartile 1 (86/178 (48.3%)) and increased in higher quartiles (to 158/204 (77.5%) for quartile 4). The odds of viral suppression in the highest concentration quartile were 9.17 times (95% CI 3.2-26, P < 0.0001) those in the lowest. African-American race was associated with lower rates of virologic suppression independent of @entity3 hair concentration. @entity3 concentration was not significantly associated with patterns of serum transaminases. Concentration of @entity3 in hair was a strong independent predictor of virologic suppression in @entity0 taking @entity3 , stronger than self-reported adherence, but did not appear to be strongly predictive of hepatotoxicity.

title: @entity2 Concentration in Hair Samples Is a Strong Predictor of Virologic Suppression in a Prospective Cohort of @entity1 -Infected XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Diagnosis of @entity1 due to digestive disorders can be a difficult task. It is helpful if the carcass can be viewed for condition, position, and location before being moved from the @entity5 in which it was found. A complete necropsy is absolutely necessary even though postmortem decomposition may be advanced. All @entity4 and abdominal organs must be examined for gross lesions. If one believes that the central nervous system was involved, the brain should be removed and examined. Checking the ruminal pH is important. If indicated, samples should be obtained and submitted to a diagnostic laboratory. Salient lesions include @entity2 of the anterior portion of the carcass, especially the cervical muscles and tissues adjacent to the esophagus and @entity3 , paleness of the posterior portion of the carcass, @entity0 between the muscle groups of the hindquarters, scrotal, or mammary area, and a lack of other gross lesions. Many cases have @entity2 and(or) @entity0 in the submucosa of the dorsal portion of the @entity3 extending from the @entity4 inlet cranially. One must list the cause of @entity1 as unknown or undetermined when it is not apparent.

title: Diagnosis of digestive XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic splenectomy is a novel approach for the treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity0 requiring surgical intervention. This technique was used for treatment in 16 consecutive @entity0 . Follow-up was initiated at a median of 13.5 months after surgery to determine whether or not laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe and successful procedure that should be used in all @entity0 requiring splenectomy for @entity3 . METHODS: Sixteen @entity0 underwent laparoscopic splenectomy for @entity3 between May 1994 and September 1996. They were evaluated prospectively prior to surgery, immediately following surgery, at discharge, and at 13.5 months following surgery (n = 14) to determine the short- and long-term results of the procedure. RESULTS: Mean operation time was 123.4 +/- 12.1 min, and there were no significant @entity2 . Mean intraoperative @entity1 was 437.5 +/- 73.5 ml. Autologous blood transfusion was necessary in one @entity0 (6.3%). Mean organ weight was 202.2 +/- 47.3 g. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.6 +/- 0. 4 days. Before discharge, mean platelet count rose by 100.7%. At follow-up (13.5 months postoperatively), it was 77.7% above preoperative values. No additional surgery was necessary in any of the @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic splenectomy, and hematologic success was achieved in 12 @entity0 (85.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results clearly indicate that laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe and successful procedure in @entity0 suffering from @entity3 . It offers the well-known advantages of minimal invasive surgery as well as the surgical effectiveness of the open approach. This surgical technique should therefore be considered in all @entity0 requiring splenectomy for the treatment of @entity3 .

title: Laparoscopic splenectomy for XXXX . A 1-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Although some authors advocate hypothermic @entity9 for spinal cord protection in descending @entity10 and thoracoabdominal repair, this method has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in other studies. The safety and effectiveness of this surgical adjunct were evaluated. METHODS: Between February 1991 and April 1997, 409 @entity0 underwent @entity10 or thoracoabdominal aortic repair. Because of an inability to gain proximal aortic control because of anatomic or technical difficulty, hypothermic @entity9 was used in 21 @entity0 (4.9%). Thirteen @entity0 were @entity0 , 8 were @entity0 , and the median age was 57 (range, 21 to 81 years). Four @entity0 (19%) had @entity12 , and 1 had @entity13 . Seven @entity0 (33%) had @entity11 (4 chronic type A, 2 chronic type B, 1 acute B), and 1 had aortic laceration. All but 6 @entity0 had @entity3 . Fifteen @entity0 (73%) were operated on for repair of the distal arch and descending @entity10 aorta, 4 (19%) for repair of the distal arch and thoracoabdominal aorta, and 2 for repair of either the thoracoabdominal or descending @entity10 aorta alone. Surgery for 9 @entity0 (43%) also included bypass grafts to the subclavian or innominate arteries. Six operations (29%) were urgent. RESULTS: The overall 30-day mortality rate was 29% (6 of 21 @entity0 ). Among urgent @entity0 , the mortality rate was 50% (3 of 6 @entity0 ) versus 20% (3 of 15) for elective @entity0 . Of the remaining 15 @entity0 , @entity4 occurred in 1 (7%) and @entity7 in 2 (13%). Ten @entity0 (67%) had @entity6 . @entity2 occurred in 5 @entity0 (33%) and @entity1 in 2 (13%), and spinal cord neurologic deficit developed in 2 (13%). The median recovery was 28 days (range, 10 to 157 days). CONCLUSION: Hypothermic @entity9 did not reduce the incidence of @entity5 and morbidity to a rate comparable with our conventional methods. We recommend the judicious application of this method in rare instances when proximal control is not feasible or catastrophic @entity8 leave the surgeon with no other option.

title: Thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair using cardiopulmonary bypass, profound hypothermia, and XXXX via left side of the chest incision.

answer: @entity9


abstract: The role of blood @entity2 markers is established in the monitoring of response to systemic therapy for @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 assessable by UICC criteria. This paper examines the use of marker measurements (in the form of a previously devised biochemical index score comprising CA15.3, @entity3 and ESR) in @entity1 with metastatic lesions unassessable for response by UICC criteria. Of 218 @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 treated over a 2-year period in the Nottingham Breast Unit, 43 @entity1 (20%) had unassessable disease and 36 of them with blood marker results available were studied. Eighty-six per cent of @entity1 were biochemically assessable. All @entity1 who achieved biochemical response remained unassessable by UICC criteria. Twenty-two @entity1 progressed initially or subsequently (after an initial biochemical response), either biochemically or by UICC criteria. Biochemical assessment completely paralleled UICC assessment in all eight @entity1 who progressed by both assessments. Biochemical progression occurred ahead of UICC assessment in four of them with a median lead-time of 4.5 months. Biochemical assessment by blood @entity2 markers is useful in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 unassessable for response to systemic therapy. These findings need to be confirmed in a larger @entity1 series.

title: The use of blood @entity2 markers in the monitoring of metastatic XXXX unassessable for response to systemic therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The role of blood @entity2 markers is established in the monitoring of response to systemic therapy for @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 assessable by UICC criteria. This paper examines the use of marker measurements (in the form of a previously devised biochemical index score comprising CA15.3, @entity3 and ESR) in @entity1 with metastatic lesions unassessable for response by UICC criteria. Of 218 @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 treated over a 2-year period in the Nottingham Breast Unit, 43 @entity1 (20%) had unassessable disease and 36 of them with blood marker results available were studied. Eighty-six per cent of @entity1 were biochemically assessable. All @entity1 who achieved biochemical response remained unassessable by UICC criteria. Twenty-two @entity1 progressed initially or subsequently (after an initial biochemical response), either biochemically or by UICC criteria. Biochemical assessment completely paralleled UICC assessment in all eight @entity1 who progressed by both assessments. Biochemical progression occurred ahead of UICC assessment in four of them with a median lead-time of 4.5 months. Biochemical assessment by blood @entity2 markers is useful in @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 unassessable for response to systemic therapy. These findings need to be confirmed in a larger @entity1 series.

title: The use of blood XXXX markers in the monitoring of metastatic @entity0 unassessable for response to systemic therapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: This study was conducted to describe the utilization of plain radiography in the initial evaluation of shoulder @entity2 in the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and assess the feasibility of developing guidelines for the selective use of shoulder radiographs by determining whether clinical variables are able to discriminate between subjects having therapeutically informative versus uninformative X-rays. The study was a chart review of all adult @entity4 @entity0 presenting to the Boston University Medical Center Hospital (Boston, MA) between January 1994 and January 1996 with a chief complaint that included shoulder @entity2 . Subjects with X-rays were classified into two groups, those with therapeutically informative X-rays (ie, identified conditions requiring specific therapy) and those with therapeutically uninformative X-rays (ie, did not result in specific therapy). Recursive partitioning techniques were then used to identify clinical variables that best distinguished between therapeutically informative and uninformative radiographs. Three hundred twelve @entity0 were included in the analysis, of whom 185 (59%) had shoulder X-rays performed. Thirty-seven (20%) radiographs were therapeutically informative, including 13 @entity5 , 3 acromioclavicular joint separations, and 21 @entity3 . Deformity present on shoulder examination was the strongest discriminating variable and correctly classified 21 of 23 subjects as having informative X-rays. Of the remaining @entity0 (n = 162), only those older than 43.5 years with a history of a precipitating fall (n = 40) had a high likelihood of having therapeutically informative X-rays. No @entity0 without a @entity1 or precipitating fall (n = 90) had an informative X-ray. These data show that X-rays for the initial evaluation of shoulder @entity2 in the @entity4 are overutilized. This preliminary model suggests that clinical variables are able to distinguish between @entity0 with informative versus uninformative X-rays. Prospective studies are needed to derive valid decision rules for selective use of shoulder radiographs in the @entity4 .

title: The use of radiographs to evaluate shoulder @entity2 in the XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: This study was conducted to describe the utilization of plain radiography in the initial evaluation of shoulder @entity2 in the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and assess the feasibility of developing guidelines for the selective use of shoulder radiographs by determining whether clinical variables are able to discriminate between subjects having therapeutically informative versus uninformative X-rays. The study was a chart review of all adult @entity4 @entity0 presenting to the Boston University Medical Center Hospital (Boston, MA) between January 1994 and January 1996 with a chief complaint that included shoulder @entity2 . Subjects with X-rays were classified into two groups, those with therapeutically informative X-rays (ie, identified conditions requiring specific therapy) and those with therapeutically uninformative X-rays (ie, did not result in specific therapy). Recursive partitioning techniques were then used to identify clinical variables that best distinguished between therapeutically informative and uninformative radiographs. Three hundred twelve @entity0 were included in the analysis, of whom 185 (59%) had shoulder X-rays performed. Thirty-seven (20%) radiographs were therapeutically informative, including 13 @entity5 , 3 acromioclavicular joint separations, and 21 @entity3 . Deformity present on shoulder examination was the strongest discriminating variable and correctly classified 21 of 23 subjects as having informative X-rays. Of the remaining @entity0 (n = 162), only those older than 43.5 years with a history of a precipitating fall (n = 40) had a high likelihood of having therapeutically informative X-rays. No @entity0 without a @entity1 or precipitating fall (n = 90) had an informative X-ray. These data show that X-rays for the initial evaluation of shoulder @entity2 in the @entity4 are overutilized. This preliminary model suggests that clinical variables are able to distinguish between @entity0 with informative versus uninformative X-rays. Prospective studies are needed to derive valid decision rules for selective use of shoulder radiographs in the @entity4 .

title: The use of radiographs to evaluate shoulder XXXX in the @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The effect of contact transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation (TDC) on intraocular pressure (IOP) and its safety was determined in eyes with intractable @entity1 . METHODS: The charts of 41 consecutive @entity0 (43 eyes) who underwent the laser procedure were reviewed. After surgery, data were collected from chart entries at I hour, 1 day, 4 to 6 weeks, 4 to 6 months, and at the final visit (6-24 months). Mean differences in IOP before and after treatment were compared using the paired Student t test. Associated complications also were assessed. RESULTS: The mean +/- standard deviation follow-up period was 11.9+/-5.3 months (range, 6-24 months). One @entity0 who died after 1 month of follow-up and another @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent an anterior chamber washout 1 week after laser to treat an uncontrolled IOP spike were excluded from the study. Repeat treatment was done in 12 (28%) eyes. At each follow-up visit postoperatively, a significant reduction from preoperative IOP was obtained (mean reduction of 50% at the final visit). At the final visit, 64% of @entity0 achieved an IOP of <22 mmHg and a reduction of > or =20%. An IOP spike occurred in three (7%) eyes. Long-term complications included @entity2 (> or =2 lines) in eight (22%) @entity0 , @entity4 in one (2%), phthisis bulbi in one (2%), and corneal graft rejection in one (2%). CONCLUSION: Although effective IOP reduction was demonstrated in eyes with intractable @entity1 after TDC, a significant proportion (26%) of eyes had severe long-term complications.

title: Intraocular pressure control after contact transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation in eyes with intractable XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 after clean surgery is an expensive and often underestimated cause of @entity0 morbidity, and the benefits of using prophylactic antibiotics have not been proven. Warming @entity0 during colorectal surgery has been shown to reduce @entity1 rates. We aimed to assess whether warming @entity0 before short duration, clean surgery would have the same effect. METHODS: 421 @entity0 having clean (breast, varicose vein, or @entity2 ) surgery were randomly assigned to either a non-warmed (standard) group or one of two warmed groups (local and systemic). We applied warming for at least 30 min before surgery. @entity0 were followed up and masked outcome assessments made at 2 and 6 weeks. FINDINGS: Analysis was done on an intention-to-treat basis. We identified 19 wound infections in 139 non-warmed @entity0 (14%) but only 13 in 277 who received warming (5%; p=0.001). Wound scores were also significantly lower (p=0.007) in warmed @entity0 . There was no significant difference in the development of haematomas or @entity3 after surgery but the non-warmed group were prescribed significantly more postoperative antibiotics (p=0.002). INTERPRETATION: Warming @entity0 before clean surgery seems to aid the prevention of @entity5 . If applied according to the manufacturers guidelines these therapies have no known side-effects and might, with the support of further studies, provide an alternative to prophylactic antibiotics in this type of surgery.

title: Effects of preoperative warming on the incidence of XXXX after clean surgery: a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on mild and moderate female stress @entity1 (FSUI) between transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation and oral administration of @entity2 tablets. METHODS: Ninety cases of mild and moderate FSUI were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 45 cases in each one. In the observation group, the transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation was applied to Ciliao (BL 32), Shenshu (BL 23), Zigong (EX-CA 1), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Qihai (CV 6), once a day. In the control group, @entity2 tablets were prescribed for oral administration, 2. 5 mg per treatment, three times each day. The duration of treatment was 4 weeks. The score of international consultation on incontinence questionnaire- @entity1 short form (ICI-Q-SF) and leakage of urine in 1 h urinal pad test were observed before and after treatment in the @entity0 of the two groups, and the efficacy was compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The score of ICI-Q-SF and leakage of urine in urinal pad test after treatment were all improved apparently as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P<0. 01), and the results in the observation group were better than those in the control group (both P<0. 01). The total effective rate was 86. 7% (39/45) in the observation group, which was better than 68. 9% (31/45, P<0. 05) in the control group. CONCLUSION: The transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation achieves the better efficacy on FSUI as compared with the oral administration of @entity2 tablets. This therapy effectively improves the @entity0 's urine control ability and reduces leakage of urine.

title: [Mild and moderate female stress XXXX treated with transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation: a randomized controlled trial].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture of "Guanyuan" (CV 4) on bone miner density, bone biomechanics, serum @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) contents, and femoral osteoblastic Wnt-b-catenin signaling in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 . METHODS: Forty female SD @entity0 were randomly divided into sham operation (sham), model, EA-CV 4, and EA-non-acupoint (below the costal region) groups (n = 10 in each group). The @entity1 model was established by performing an ovariectomy in the @entity0 of the later 3 groups. EA (2 Hz, 1 mA) was applied to CV 4 for 20 min, once daily for one month, with one day's break between every 10 days. After the treatment, serum @entity4 and ALP contents were detected using ELISA, the right femoral bone miner density and biomechanics (maximum load, breakage load) were measured using a Dual Energy X-Ray Bone Densitometer and a Universal Material Testing Instrument, respectively. The expression levels of @entity2 mRNA, b-catenin mRNA and the bone-specific factors runt-related transcription factor 2 ( @entity3 ) mRNA of the femoral bone tissue were determined by real time RT-PCR. RESULTS: HE staining results suggested EA of "Guanyuan" (CV 4) can improve the morphological changes (trabeculae) of @entity1 in ovariectomized @entity0 . Compared with the control group, femoral maximum load and breakage load, bone density and serum @entity4 and ALP contents, femoral @entity2 mRNA, b-catenin and @entity3 mRNA expression levels, and femoral @entity2 .and b-catenin immunoactivity were significantly down-regulated in the ovariectomized @entity0 (model group) (P < 0.05). Following EA treatment, all the decreased levels of femoral maximum load and breakage load, bone density and serum @entity4 and ALP, femoral @entity2 mRNA and protein, b-catenin mRNA and protein and @entity3 mRNA expression were obviously reversed in the EA-CV 4 group (P < 0.05) rather than in the non-acupoint group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: EA of CV 4 can improve the femoral biomechanics, increase bone density in OVX @entity0 , which are associated to its effects in up-regulating levels of serum @entity4 and ALP, femoral @entity2 mRNA and protein, b-catenin mRNA and protein and @entity3 mRNA expression, suggesting an involment of improved bone metabolism and activation of osteoblastic Wnt-b-catenin signaling.

title: [Effect of electroacupuncture of "Guanyuan" (CV 4) on Wnt-b-catenin signaling in XXXX @entity0 ].

answer: @entity1