abstract: OBJECTIVES: Longitudinal prescription patterns of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have not been described to date in Korea. Here we aimed to describe AED prescribing trends over a 12-year period and assess age differences in AED prescribing patterns in a @entity2 . METHODS: We retrieved and analyzed all AED prescribing and dispensing data in 2001-2012 in @entity0 aged 0-18  years with an established diagnosis of @entity2 at the largest tertiary @entity0 's hospital in Korea. @entity3 included for analysis were classified as older (i.e., @entity6 , @entity17 , @entity1 , @entity10 , and @entity4 ) and newer (i.e., @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity12 , @entity7 , @entity11 , @entity5 , @entity13 , @entity15 , @entity16 , and @entity14 ) on the basis of market availability before versus after 1991. RESULTS: A total of 5593 @entity0 with @entity2 were prescribed an AED during the 12-year period. The proportion of newer AED prescriptions was 52.6  % in 2001 and continuously increased to 74.3  % in 2012. @entity7 was most widely used, followed by @entity4 . While @entity6 and @entity13 use progressively decreased over the 12-year period, those of @entity9 and @entity5 rapidly increased. Age differences in prescribing patterns were observed. Polytherapy was observed in 49.7  % of the total population, while 83.9  % of new users were prescribed monotherapy. CONCLUSION: This study provided updated information on AED prescription trends for childhood @entity2 . We found a progressive increase in the use of newer @entity3 . However, @entity4 , the only prevalent older AED, continued to be widely prescribed. A high rate of polytherapy among the prescriptions overall raises some safety concerns.

title: Trends in Antiepileptic Drug Prescriptions for Childhood XXXX at a Tertiary @entity0 's Hospital in Korea, 2001-2012.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Longitudinal prescription patterns of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have not been described to date in Korea. Here we aimed to describe AED prescribing trends over a 12-year period and assess age differences in AED prescribing patterns in a @entity2 . METHODS: We retrieved and analyzed all AED prescribing and dispensing data in 2001-2012 in @entity0 aged 0-18  years with an established diagnosis of @entity2 at the largest tertiary @entity0 's hospital in Korea. @entity3 included for analysis were classified as older (i.e., @entity6 , @entity17 , @entity1 , @entity10 , and @entity4 ) and newer (i.e., @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity12 , @entity7 , @entity11 , @entity5 , @entity13 , @entity15 , @entity16 , and @entity14 ) on the basis of market availability before versus after 1991. RESULTS: A total of 5593 @entity0 with @entity2 were prescribed an AED during the 12-year period. The proportion of newer AED prescriptions was 52.6  % in 2001 and continuously increased to 74.3  % in 2012. @entity7 was most widely used, followed by @entity4 . While @entity6 and @entity13 use progressively decreased over the 12-year period, those of @entity9 and @entity5 rapidly increased. Age differences in prescribing patterns were observed. Polytherapy was observed in 49.7  % of the total population, while 83.9  % of new users were prescribed monotherapy. CONCLUSION: This study provided updated information on AED prescription trends for childhood @entity2 . We found a progressive increase in the use of newer @entity3 . However, @entity4 , the only prevalent older AED, continued to be widely prescribed. A high rate of polytherapy among the prescriptions overall raises some safety concerns.

title: Trends in Antiepileptic Drug Prescriptions for Childhood @entity2 at a Tertiary XXXX 's Hospital in Korea, 2001-2012.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Background: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common health problem with an estimated prevalence of 4% among @entity0 , many of whom are undiagnosed and untreated. OBJECTIVES: To compare demographic characteristics, health profiles, risk factors, and disease severity in Arab and Jewish @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: In this cross-sectional study we retrospectively analyzed clinical data from the medical files of @entity0 >=  22 years old who were referred to the Rambam Medical Center sleep clinic during the period 2001-2009 with a suspected diagnosis of @entity2 . @entity2 severity was measured using the @entity3 - @entity4 index (AHI). Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. Relations between @entity2 severity and a set of independent risk factors were assessed by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 207 @entity0 were included (39 Arabs, 19%; 168 Jews, 81%). Arab @entity0 were younger than their Jewish counterparts (45.5    8.9 years vs. 49.8    11.8, P = 0.04) and their body mass index (BMI) was higher (3.1    5.1 vs. 30.0    4.4, P = 0.001). @entity2 severity (AHI score) was higher among Arab @entity0 , with low, medium and high severity scores seen in 10%, 33% and 56% of Arab @entity0 vs. 35%, 29% and 37% of Jewish @entity0 , respectively [T(198) = 2.39, P = 0.02]. Mean blood @entity1 saturation was comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Arab @entity0 presenting for evaluation of @entity4 harbored more severe @entity2 symptoms, were younger, and had higher BMI compared to Jewish @entity0 . Since @entity2 evolves for several years until it becomes severe, these findings suggest that Arab @entity0 seek medical assistance later than Jewish @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: XXXX : Comparison of Syndrome Severity and Risk Factors for Adult Jewish and Arab Males in Northern Israel.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effect of low, nonfreezing temperatures on the viability of five strains of @entity6 was studied. The viability of cultures grown at 30 C was determined after exposure to various diluents held at 0 to 2 C. A culture diluted at its growth temperature served as the control. Cells of strain N were most sensitive in the early part of the exponential phase of growth. Cells of strains 252 and 341 were most sensitive in the late exponential, early stationary phase of growth. Cells of strain 9 showed greatest loss of viability during the maximal stationary phase. Strain 69 was completely resistant throughout its growth cycle to @entity0 . Cell viability was much greater in buffered salts solution than in distilled water, broth, or physiological saline, whether cultures were diluted at room temperature or in the cold. The proportion of cells surviving after exposure to cold, however, was the same regardless of the composition of the diluent. @entity1 was progressive at 0 to 2 C and reached a maximum after 2 hr. There was no loss of viability of cells exposed to 20 C, but there was some loss at 12 C. Strain 341 cultivated at 15 C was much less sensitive to 0 to 2 C than when it was cultivated at 30 C. The composition of the growth medium seemed to have no effect on the survival of cells exposed to cold. The @entity3 , @entity5 and @entity4 , as well as @entity7 and @entity2 , exerted some protective action against the effects of cold but not uniformly for all strains studied.

title: Effect of cold temperatures on the viability of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The vascular structure of 5 @entity0 @entity4 grown in athymic @entity2 was characterized. The vessels were filled with a radio-opaque medium administered via the abdominal aorta of the @entity2 . X-ray images, obtained from 720 micrometers-thick @entity1 sections, provided qualitative information on the vascular structure of the @entity1 . Histograms for vessel length, surface, and volume as a function of vessel diameter were obtained by stereological analysis of 2 micrometers-thick sections. The volume fraction of @entity3 tissue in the @entity1 was also determined by stereological analysis. The 5 @entity4 exhibited individual, characteristic vascular structures as well as individual, characteristic @entity3 fractions. The total vessel length ranged from 32 +/- 2 to 80 +/- 4 mm, the total vessel surface from 1.6 +/- 0.1 to 3.8 +/- 0.2 mm2, and the total vessel volume from 0.009 +/- 0.001 to 0.022 +/- 0.002 mm3--all values per mm3 histologically intact @entity1 tissue. The @entity3 fractions ranged from 30 +/- 1 to 49 +/- 4%, and tended to be higher in the poorly than in the well-vascularized @entity4 . The volume doubling times ranged from 4.2 to 21.6 days. @entity4 with short volume-doubling times had lower @entity3 fractions and tended to be better vascularized than those with long volume-doubling times.

title: Vascular structure of five XXXX @entity4 grown in athymic @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The vascular structure of 5 @entity0 @entity4 grown in athymic @entity2 was characterized. The vessels were filled with a radio-opaque medium administered via the abdominal aorta of the @entity2 . X-ray images, obtained from 720 micrometers-thick @entity1 sections, provided qualitative information on the vascular structure of the @entity1 . Histograms for vessel length, surface, and volume as a function of vessel diameter were obtained by stereological analysis of 2 micrometers-thick sections. The volume fraction of @entity3 tissue in the @entity1 was also determined by stereological analysis. The 5 @entity4 exhibited individual, characteristic vascular structures as well as individual, characteristic @entity3 fractions. The total vessel length ranged from 32 +/- 2 to 80 +/- 4 mm, the total vessel surface from 1.6 +/- 0.1 to 3.8 +/- 0.2 mm2, and the total vessel volume from 0.009 +/- 0.001 to 0.022 +/- 0.002 mm3--all values per mm3 histologically intact @entity1 tissue. The @entity3 fractions ranged from 30 +/- 1 to 49 +/- 4%, and tended to be higher in the poorly than in the well-vascularized @entity4 . The volume doubling times ranged from 4.2 to 21.6 days. @entity4 with short volume-doubling times had lower @entity3 fractions and tended to be better vascularized than those with long volume-doubling times.

title: Vascular structure of five @entity0 XXXX grown in athymic @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The vascular structure of 5 @entity0 @entity4 grown in athymic @entity2 was characterized. The vessels were filled with a radio-opaque medium administered via the abdominal aorta of the @entity2 . X-ray images, obtained from 720 micrometers-thick @entity1 sections, provided qualitative information on the vascular structure of the @entity1 . Histograms for vessel length, surface, and volume as a function of vessel diameter were obtained by stereological analysis of 2 micrometers-thick sections. The volume fraction of @entity3 tissue in the @entity1 was also determined by stereological analysis. The 5 @entity4 exhibited individual, characteristic vascular structures as well as individual, characteristic @entity3 fractions. The total vessel length ranged from 32 +/- 2 to 80 +/- 4 mm, the total vessel surface from 1.6 +/- 0.1 to 3.8 +/- 0.2 mm2, and the total vessel volume from 0.009 +/- 0.001 to 0.022 +/- 0.002 mm3--all values per mm3 histologically intact @entity1 tissue. The @entity3 fractions ranged from 30 +/- 1 to 49 +/- 4%, and tended to be higher in the poorly than in the well-vascularized @entity4 . The volume doubling times ranged from 4.2 to 21.6 days. @entity4 with short volume-doubling times had lower @entity3 fractions and tended to be better vascularized than those with long volume-doubling times.

title: Vascular structure of five @entity0 @entity4 grown in athymic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We investigated the effects of brief intermittent periods of @entity2 on @entity4 . Brief periodic @entity7 were produced up to 18 times by inflating and deflating the balloon of an intracoronary No. 2F catheter for periods of 15, 10 or 5 minutes, followed by 15-minute periods of reperfusion. @entity6 kinase (CK) release, @entity9 staining, and light and electron microscopy were used to detect the presence of @entity4 . For the study of CK release, blood was taken from the great cardiac vein and the aorta before and at 5-minute intervals during each left anterior descending coronary occlusion, as well as during and 1, 5, 10 and 15 minutes @entity5 . In seven of 24 @entity3 with 15-minute occlusions, in five of 21 @entity3 with 10-minute occlusions, and in three of 32 @entity3 with 5-minute occlusions, small but distinct areas of @entity1 were present. In all @entity3 with morphologic proof of @entity1 , there was periodic release of CK into the great cardiac vein, which peaked immediately after reperfusion, reflecting CK washout. Thus, brief periods of @entity2 , which when single do not cause @entity1 , have a cumulative effect and may cause @entity4 . This mechanism of @entity1 may be relevant clinically in @entity0 with frequent @entity8 . Since many @entity3 of this study did not have any @entity4 , the findings also suggest that intermittent reperfusion has a beneficial effect and may prevent @entity1 , even when total occlusion time exceeds 200 minutes.

title: Intermittent brief periods of @entity2 have a cumulative effect and may cause XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: We investigated the effects of brief intermittent periods of @entity2 on @entity4 . Brief periodic @entity7 were produced up to 18 times by inflating and deflating the balloon of an intracoronary No. 2F catheter for periods of 15, 10 or 5 minutes, followed by 15-minute periods of reperfusion. @entity6 kinase (CK) release, @entity9 staining, and light and electron microscopy were used to detect the presence of @entity4 . For the study of CK release, blood was taken from the great cardiac vein and the aorta before and at 5-minute intervals during each left anterior descending coronary occlusion, as well as during and 1, 5, 10 and 15 minutes @entity5 . In seven of 24 @entity3 with 15-minute occlusions, in five of 21 @entity3 with 10-minute occlusions, and in three of 32 @entity3 with 5-minute occlusions, small but distinct areas of @entity1 were present. In all @entity3 with morphologic proof of @entity1 , there was periodic release of CK into the great cardiac vein, which peaked immediately after reperfusion, reflecting CK washout. Thus, brief periods of @entity2 , which when single do not cause @entity1 , have a cumulative effect and may cause @entity4 . This mechanism of @entity1 may be relevant clinically in @entity0 with frequent @entity8 . Since many @entity3 of this study did not have any @entity4 , the findings also suggest that intermittent reperfusion has a beneficial effect and may prevent @entity1 , even when total occlusion time exceeds 200 minutes.

title: Intermittent brief periods of XXXX have a cumulative effect and may cause @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: High levels of @entity3 and the presence of @entity6 have major impacts on microbial communities and are known to cause operating problems in anaerobic degradation of protein-rich material. Operating strategies that can improve process performance in such conditions have been reported. The microbiological impacts of these are not fully understood, but their determination could help identify important factors for balanced, efficient operation. This study investigated the correlations between microbial community structure, operating parameters and digester performance in high- @entity3 conditions. METHOD: Continuous anaerobic co-digestion of household waste and albumin was carried out in laboratory-scale digesters at high @entity3 concentrations (0.5-0.9  g @entity4 /L). The digesters operated for 320  days at 37 or 42    C, with or without addition of a trace element mixture including @entity0 (TE). Abundance and composition of syntrophic acetate-oxidising bacteria (SAOB) and of methanogenic and acetogenic communities were investigated throughout the study using 16S rRNA and functional gene-based molecular methods. RESULTS: Syntrophic @entity2 oxidation dominated @entity1 formation in all digesters, where a substantial enhancement in digester performance and influence on microbial community by addition of TE was shown dependent on temperature. At 37    C, TE addition supported dominance and strain @entity5 of @entity7 and altered the acetogenic community, whereas the same supplementation at 42    C had a low impact on microbial community structure. Both with and without TE addition operation at 42    C instead of 37    C had low impact on digester performance, but considerably restricted acetogenic and methanogenic community structure, evenness and @entity5 . The abundance of known SAOB was higher in digesters without TE addition and in digesters operating at 42    C. No synergistic effect on digester performance or microbial community structure was observed on combining increased temperature with TE addition. CONCLUSIONS: Our identification of prominent populations related to enhanced performance within methanogenic (high dominance and @entity5 of @entity7 ) and acetogenic communities are valuable for continued research and engineering to improve @entity1 production in high- @entity3 conditions. We also show that a temperature increase of only 5    C within the mesophilic range results in an extreme dominance of one or a few species within these communities, independent of TE addition. Furthermore, functional stable operation was possible despite low microbial temporal dynamics, evenness and @entity5 at the higher temperature.

title: Trace element and temperature effects on microbial communities and links to biogas digester performance at high XXXX levels.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We recently reported that treatment of differentiated @entity6 embryo myoblasts in culture with the potent @entity0 promoter @entity4 ( @entity5 ) caused a 2-fold increase in the level of @entity11 in the plasma membrane fraction within 15-30 min (Grove, R.I. and Schimmel, S.D. (1981) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 102, 158-164). This system has been characterized further and the metabolic origin and fate of the stimulated @entity7 have been investigated. The stimulation of @entity11 was insensitive to alterations of @entity1 concentration in the medium and to the presence of inhibitors of @entity1 flux, protein synthesis and prostaglandin synthesis. The @entity3 composition of the newly formed @entity7 was similar to that of @entity8 . In addition, the @entity2 moiety of the @entity7 was shown to be derived from a lipid with metabolic turnover similar to that of @entity8 . The @entity0 promoter was also found to stimulate rapidly synthesis of @entity10 , @entity9 and @entity8 . A possible model is proposed, therefore, in which the @entity0 promoter stimulates a membrane-associated phospholipase C which generates @entity11 via the hydrolysis of @entity8 . The newly formed @entity7 is then metabolized back to @entity8 or to @entity10 and @entity9 .

title: Effects of XXXX on glycerolipid metabolism in cultured myoblasts.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) on @entity5 ( @entity5 ) among @entity0 with recurrent @entity4 and if there is any predictor for @entity1 status. METHODS: Between January 1993 and May 2013, data of 34 @entity0 who had @entity3 for recurrent @entity4 were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival was determined from @entity3 to last follow-up. RESULTS: The surgical procedure was local excision without laparotomy in 12 @entity0 , and optimal cytoreduction (no visible disease) was achieved in 24 of 34 @entity0 . There were no perioperative @entity2 . None of the factors was associated with achievement of optimal cytoreduction. Five-year @entity5 rates were 37% and 27% for the entire cohort and for the laparotomy group, respectively. For the entire cohort, disease-free interval (from initial surgery to recurrence), adjuvant therapy after initial surgery, CA-125 level at recurrence, multiplicity of recurrence, surgical procedure, and optimal cytoreduction and for the laparotomy group adjuvant treatment and optimal cytoreduction were associated with @entity5 . In the laparotomy group, @entity5 rates were 53 and 9 months in the @entity0 who did and did not have optimal @entity3 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Significant survival benefit can be achieved with optimal resection. Prospective studies should be designed to define optimal cytoreduction and to determine the predictors of optimal cytoreduction achievement.

title: Salvage Cytoreductive Surgery for Recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The authors' 15-year experience with @entity4 surgery has led them to believe that the most common reasons for incomplete response are failure to detect all of the trigger sites or, on rare occasions, inadequate surgery on the trigger sites. Thus, accurate identification of trigger sites is essential. The purpose of this article is to share the authors' current stepwise algorithm for accurately detecting the @entity4 trigger sites, which has evolved through surgery on nearly 1000 @entity0 . To begin, a thorough history is taken. Each @entity0 's constellation of symptoms can point toward one or multiple trigger points. The @entity0 is asked to point to the most frequent site from which @entity4 originate with one fingertip, and then the site is explored with a Doppler. If an arterial Doppler signal is identified at the site, it is considered an active arterial trigger site. Response to a @entity3 with a local anesthetic in a @entity0 with an active @entity4 @entity1 confirms the presence of a trigger site. If the @entity0 does not have @entity2 at the time of the office visit, an injection of botulinum toxin A at the suspected trigger site may be considered. Although positive responses to botulinum toxin A and @entity3 are very helpful and reliable in confirming the trigger sites, negative responses must be interpreted with extreme caution. In @entity0 with a @entity4 @entity1 starting from the retrobulbar site, a computed tomography scan of the paranasal sinuses is obtained to look for contact points and other pathology that would confirm rhinogenic trigger sites.

title: The Current Means for Detection of Migraine XXXX Trigger Sites.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Elicitation of eye closure and other movements via electrical stimulation may provide effective treatment for @entity3 . The authors performed a @entity0 feasibility study to determine whether transcutaneous neural stimulation can elicit a blink in individuals with @entity1 and to obtain feedback from @entity0 regarding the tolerability of surface electrical stimulation for daily blink restoration. METHODS: Forty individuals with acute unilateral @entity3 , HB grades 4 through 6, were prospectively studied between 6 and 60 days of onset. Unilateral stimulation of zygomatic @entity2 was achieved with brief bipolar, charge-balanced pulse trains, delivered transcutaneously by adhesive electrode placement; results were recorded on a high-speed video camera. The relationship between stimulation parameters and cutaneous sensation was analyzed using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. RESULTS: Complete eye closure was achieved in 55 percent of @entity0 using stimulation parameters reported as tolerable. In those individuals, @entity2 was observed at an average current of 4.6 mA (  1.7; average pulse width of 0.7 ms, 100 to 150 Hz), with complete closure requiring a mean of 7.2 mA (  2.6). CONCLUSIONS: Transcutaneous facial nerve stimulation may @entity2 in a majority of @entity0 with acute @entity3 . Although individuals varied widely in their reported degrees of discomfort from blink-eliciting stimulation, most of them indicated that such stimulation would be tolerable if it could restore eye closure. These @entity0 would therefore benefit from a biomimetic device to facilitate eye closure until the recovery process is complete. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

title: Electrical Stimulation of Eye Blink in Individuals with Acute XXXX : Progress toward a Bionic Blink.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objetive: Determine the grade of agreement between the colangiopancreatography by magnetic resonance (CPRM) and the endoscopic retrograde colangio pancreatography (ERCP) in hospitalized @entity0 by @entity1 in a period of time in a ref-erence hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Type of study, retrospective evaluation of diagnostic tool, the size of the sample was calculated from the pilot simple and was 320 @entity0 . We recolected 354 @entity0 that urderwent both studies (CPRM and ERCP), to evaluate the correlation between both procedures we used Kappa variation. RESULTS: 354 pacients were included, 226 @entity0 (63.8%), @entity0 128 (36.2%), with mean age of 48 years. There was dilatation of the choledocus by CRMN in 60%, sensibility of 96, 7%, especificity of 40%, Kappa index 0,406 (IC 95%: 0, 32-0, 50) that indicates a moderate agreement. For the presence of choledocus calculi with CPRM was 54%, with sensibility of 72.6%, specificity of 68.3%, Kappa index 0.409 (IC 95%: 0.31-0.51), moderate agreement. For caculi in the gallbladder the kappa index was 0.246 weak. We identify 27% de false negatives for CRMN in detecting choledocusd lithiasis. CONCLUSIONS: The CPRM and ERCP had a moderate correlation according to the Kappa index detecting dilatation and choledocus calculi in our @entity0 . The number of false negatives for cho-ledocolithiasis by CPRM leads us to seek in other prospective aleatory studies like endoscopic biliiopancreatic ultrasonopgraphy to compare the CPRM in @entity0 with intermediate probability for choledoco-lithiasis.

title: [Correlation between cholangiopancreatography by magnetic resonance and the endoscopic retrograde colangio pancreatography in hospitalized by XXXX in the University Hospital San Ignacio (Bogota-Colombia) between 2005 to 2011].

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Social cognition is commonly assessed by identification of emotions in facial expressions. Presence of colour, a salient feature of stimuli, might influence emotional face perception. METHODS: We administered 2 tests of facial emotion recognition, the Emotion Recognition Test (ER40) using colour pictures and the Penn Emotional Acuity Test using monochromatic pictures, to 37 young healthy, 39 old healthy and 37 @entity2 @entity0 . RESULTS: Among young healthy individuals recognition of emotions was more accurate and faster in colour than in monochromatic pictures. Compared to the younger group, older healthy individuals revealed impairment in identification of sad expressions in colour but not monochromatic pictures. @entity2 @entity0 showed greater impairment in colour than monochromatic pictures of neutral and sad expressions and overall total score compared to both healthy groups. @entity0 showed significant correlations between @entity1 and perception of emotion in colour but not monochromatic pictures. CONCLUSIONS: Colour enhances perception of general emotional clues and this contextual effect is impaired in healthy ageing and @entity2 . The effects of colour need to be considered in interpreting and comparing studies of emotion perception. Coloured face stimuli may be more sensitive to emotion processing impairments but less selective for emotion-specific information than monochromatic stimuli. This may impact on their utility in early detection of impairments and investigations of underlying mechanisms.

title: Colour influences perception of facial emotions but this effect is impaired in healthy ageing and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In vitro and animal model of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) studies suggest that @entity5 signalling is involved in @entity2 , but @entity0 data is limited. We undertook this study to elucidate the role of @entity5 signalling pathway in @entity2 by comparing the expression levels of @entity5 and @entity4 as ligands, @entity6 as an intracellular mediator, and @entity3 as a targeted gene between @entity0 osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage. METHODS: @entity0 cartilage samples were collected from @entity0 undergoing total hip/knee joint replacement surgery due to primary @entity2 or hip @entity1 as controls. RNA was extracted from the cartilage tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure gene expression. Mann-Whitney test was utilized to compare the expression levels of @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity3 in @entity0 cartilage between @entity2 cases and controls. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) was calculated to examine the correlation between the expression levels of the four genes studied and non-parametric regression was used to adjust for covariates. RESULTS: A total of 32 @entity2 cases (25 hip @entity2 and 7 knee @entity2 ) and 21 healthy controls were included. The expression of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity3 were on average 70  %, 46  %, and 355  % higher, respectively, whereas the expression of @entity4 was 88  % lower, in @entity2 -affected cartilage than that of controls (all p   <   0.03), but no difference was observed between hip and knee @entity2 (all p   >   0.4). The expression of @entity5 was correlated with the expression of @entity6 (rho   =   0.50, p   =   0.003) and @entity3 (rho   =   0.46, p   =   0.007) in @entity2 -affected cartilage and the significance became stronger after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The expression of @entity4 was negatively correlated with both @entity5 (rho   =   -0.50, p   =   0.02) and @entity3 (rho   =   -0.48, p   =   0.02) in healthy cartilage, but the significance was altered after adjustment for the covariates. There was no correlation between the expression of @entity6 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that @entity3 expression is associated with an increased expression of @entity5 in @entity2 -affected cartilage, possibly through SMAD-independent @entity5 pathway. Furthermore, @entity5 / @entity6 is overactivated in @entity2 cartilage; yet, the consequence of this overactivation remains to be established.

title: Overexpression of XXXX in @entity0 osteoarthritic cartilage is associated with the SMAD-independent @entity5 signalling pathway.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In vitro and animal model of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) studies suggest that @entity5 signalling is involved in @entity2 , but @entity0 data is limited. We undertook this study to elucidate the role of @entity5 signalling pathway in @entity2 by comparing the expression levels of @entity5 and @entity4 as ligands, @entity6 as an intracellular mediator, and @entity3 as a targeted gene between @entity0 osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage. METHODS: @entity0 cartilage samples were collected from @entity0 undergoing total hip/knee joint replacement surgery due to primary @entity2 or hip @entity1 as controls. RNA was extracted from the cartilage tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure gene expression. Mann-Whitney test was utilized to compare the expression levels of @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity3 in @entity0 cartilage between @entity2 cases and controls. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) was calculated to examine the correlation between the expression levels of the four genes studied and non-parametric regression was used to adjust for covariates. RESULTS: A total of 32 @entity2 cases (25 hip @entity2 and 7 knee @entity2 ) and 21 healthy controls were included. The expression of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity3 were on average 70  %, 46  %, and 355  % higher, respectively, whereas the expression of @entity4 was 88  % lower, in @entity2 -affected cartilage than that of controls (all p   <   0.03), but no difference was observed between hip and knee @entity2 (all p   >   0.4). The expression of @entity5 was correlated with the expression of @entity6 (rho   =   0.50, p   =   0.003) and @entity3 (rho   =   0.46, p   =   0.007) in @entity2 -affected cartilage and the significance became stronger after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The expression of @entity4 was negatively correlated with both @entity5 (rho   =   -0.50, p   =   0.02) and @entity3 (rho   =   -0.48, p   =   0.02) in healthy cartilage, but the significance was altered after adjustment for the covariates. There was no correlation between the expression of @entity6 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that @entity3 expression is associated with an increased expression of @entity5 in @entity2 -affected cartilage, possibly through SMAD-independent @entity5 pathway. Furthermore, @entity5 / @entity6 is overactivated in @entity2 cartilage; yet, the consequence of this overactivation remains to be established.

title: Overexpression of @entity3 in @entity0 osteoarthritic cartilage is associated with the SMAD-independent XXXX signalling pathway.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In vitro and animal model of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) studies suggest that @entity5 signalling is involved in @entity2 , but @entity0 data is limited. We undertook this study to elucidate the role of @entity5 signalling pathway in @entity2 by comparing the expression levels of @entity5 and @entity4 as ligands, @entity6 as an intracellular mediator, and @entity3 as a targeted gene between @entity0 osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage. METHODS: @entity0 cartilage samples were collected from @entity0 undergoing total hip/knee joint replacement surgery due to primary @entity2 or hip @entity1 as controls. RNA was extracted from the cartilage tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to measure gene expression. Mann-Whitney test was utilized to compare the expression levels of @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity3 in @entity0 cartilage between @entity2 cases and controls. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) was calculated to examine the correlation between the expression levels of the four genes studied and non-parametric regression was used to adjust for covariates. RESULTS: A total of 32 @entity2 cases (25 hip @entity2 and 7 knee @entity2 ) and 21 healthy controls were included. The expression of @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity3 were on average 70  %, 46  %, and 355  % higher, respectively, whereas the expression of @entity4 was 88  % lower, in @entity2 -affected cartilage than that of controls (all p   <   0.03), but no difference was observed between hip and knee @entity2 (all p   >   0.4). The expression of @entity5 was correlated with the expression of @entity6 (rho   =   0.50, p   =   0.003) and @entity3 (rho   =   0.46, p   =   0.007) in @entity2 -affected cartilage and the significance became stronger after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI. The expression of @entity4 was negatively correlated with both @entity5 (rho   =   -0.50, p   =   0.02) and @entity3 (rho   =   -0.48, p   =   0.02) in healthy cartilage, but the significance was altered after adjustment for the covariates. There was no correlation between the expression of @entity6 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that @entity3 expression is associated with an increased expression of @entity5 in @entity2 -affected cartilage, possibly through SMAD-independent @entity5 pathway. Furthermore, @entity5 / @entity6 is overactivated in @entity2 cartilage; yet, the consequence of this overactivation remains to be established.

title: Overexpression of @entity3 in XXXX osteoarthritic cartilage is associated with the SMAD-independent @entity5 signalling pathway.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A synthetic dressing (IP-758) consisting of a @entity3 membrane with a laminated layer of nylon fabric was evaluated in @entity0 as a substitute for biological materials to cover excised areas of burn wounds. During a 3-day interval, the tissue developed a tightly adherent bond to the synthetic dressing. The IP-758 conformed to irregularly-shaped regions and stretched with the movements of the wound surface. Seventeen burned @entity0 from 3 to 12 years of age and 1 adult are included in this study. In 12 cases, the mean area covered with the synthetic ranged from approximately 39 to 118 cm2. The average dressing remained in place for 3 days and was replaced once. Microbiological sampling (wet swab technique) of the area under the IP-758 after application of second dressing was compared with open control sites treated with topical antibiotics. The results with @entity2 , a frequent contaminant, were similar for the two test areas. The IP-758 site in 6 @entity0 contained an average of 10 3 @entity2 per swab test. Immediately following removal of the adherent IP-758 and control of local @entity1 , the wounds in most @entity0 provided excellent sites for autografts. The IP-758 dressing is well-tolerated, elastic and adherent to the burn wound permitting maturation of the wound to readily accept autografts.

title: A XXXX -nylon laminated dressing (IP-758) for closure of excised or d  brided burn wounds.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The UK prevalence of @entity3 is estimated at 10.4 per 100,000 @entity0 -years. Progressive and unpredictable enlargement can lead to @entity2 . Endovascular repair of @entity4 involves a stent graft system being introduced via the femoral artery and manipulated within the aorta under radiological guidance. Following endograft deployment, a seal is formed at the proximal and distal landing zones to exclude the @entity3 sac from the circulation. With the increasing popularity of endovascular repair there has been an increase in the number of commercially available stent graft designs on the market. This is an update of the review first published in 2013. OBJECTIVES: This review aimed to assess the different stent graft types for endovascular repair of @entity4 . SEARCH METHODS: The Cochrane Vascular Group @entity1 ( @entity1 ) searched the Specialised Register (last searched February 2015) and the Cochrane Register of Studies CENTRAL (2015, Issue 1). Trial databases were searched by the @entity1 for details of ongoing and unpublished studies. SELECTION CRITERIA: All published and unpublished randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of stent graft types in the repair of @entity4 were sought without language restriction. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data collection and analysis was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. MAIN RESULTS: No studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria. It was not possible to assess the quality of the evidence in the absence of studies eligible for inclusion in the review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Unfortunately, no data exist regarding direct comparisons of the performance of different stent graft types. High quality RCTs evaluating stent graft types in @entity3 repair are required.

title: Stent graft types for endovascular repair of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Amyloid-b (Ab) protein causes @entity5 and its abnormal aggregation into amyloid is a pathological hallmark of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Cellular proteins able to interact with Ab or its precursor, @entity6 ( @entity6 ), may regulate Ab production and @entity5 . We identified a brain-enriched @entity8 , tomoregulin (TR), that directly binds Ab and Ab oligomers ( @entity7 ). TR co-immunoprecipitated with Ab and @entity7 in cultured cells and co-localized with amyloid plaques and intraneuronal Ab in the 5xFAD @entity2 @entity0 model. TR was also enriched in astrocytic processes reactive to amyloid plaques. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies showed that the extracellular domain of TR binds to @entity7 with a high affinity ( @entity4 =76.8 nM). Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy also demonstrated a physical interaction between spin-labeled Ab and the TR extracellular domain in solution. Furthermore, TR also interacted with @entity6 and enhanced its cleavage by a-secretase. Both cellular expression of TR and application of recombinant TR extracellular domain protected N2a neurons from @entity7 -induced @entity3 . These data provide first evidence that neuronal and astrocytic expression of TR is intimately related to Ab metabolism and @entity1 , and could be neuroprotective through its direct interaction with Ab and  @entity6 .

title: Tomoregulin (TMEFF2) Binds @entity2 Amyloid-b (Ab) Oligomer and @entity6 and Protects Neurons from Ab-Induced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Amyloid-b (Ab) protein causes @entity5 and its abnormal aggregation into amyloid is a pathological hallmark of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Cellular proteins able to interact with Ab or its precursor, @entity6 ( @entity6 ), may regulate Ab production and @entity5 . We identified a brain-enriched @entity8 , tomoregulin (TR), that directly binds Ab and Ab oligomers ( @entity7 ). TR co-immunoprecipitated with Ab and @entity7 in cultured cells and co-localized with amyloid plaques and intraneuronal Ab in the 5xFAD @entity2 @entity0 model. TR was also enriched in astrocytic processes reactive to amyloid plaques. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies showed that the extracellular domain of TR binds to @entity7 with a high affinity ( @entity4 =76.8 nM). Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy also demonstrated a physical interaction between spin-labeled Ab and the TR extracellular domain in solution. Furthermore, TR also interacted with @entity6 and enhanced its cleavage by a-secretase. Both cellular expression of TR and application of recombinant TR extracellular domain protected N2a neurons from @entity7 -induced @entity3 . These data provide first evidence that neuronal and astrocytic expression of TR is intimately related to Ab metabolism and @entity1 , and could be neuroprotective through its direct interaction with Ab and  @entity6 .

title: Tomoregulin (TMEFF2) Binds @entity2 Amyloid-b (Ab) Oligomer and XXXX and Protects Neurons from Ab-Induced @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Amyloid-b (Ab) protein causes @entity5 and its abnormal aggregation into amyloid is a pathological hallmark of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Cellular proteins able to interact with Ab or its precursor, @entity6 ( @entity6 ), may regulate Ab production and @entity5 . We identified a brain-enriched @entity8 , tomoregulin (TR), that directly binds Ab and Ab oligomers ( @entity7 ). TR co-immunoprecipitated with Ab and @entity7 in cultured cells and co-localized with amyloid plaques and intraneuronal Ab in the 5xFAD @entity2 @entity0 model. TR was also enriched in astrocytic processes reactive to amyloid plaques. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies showed that the extracellular domain of TR binds to @entity7 with a high affinity ( @entity4 =76.8 nM). Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy also demonstrated a physical interaction between spin-labeled Ab and the TR extracellular domain in solution. Furthermore, TR also interacted with @entity6 and enhanced its cleavage by a-secretase. Both cellular expression of TR and application of recombinant TR extracellular domain protected N2a neurons from @entity7 -induced @entity3 . These data provide first evidence that neuronal and astrocytic expression of TR is intimately related to Ab metabolism and @entity1 , and could be neuroprotective through its direct interaction with Ab and  @entity6 .

title: Tomoregulin (TMEFF2) Binds XXXX Amyloid-b (Ab) Oligomer and @entity6 and Protects Neurons from Ab-Induced @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. By means of density gradient ultracentrifugation, the density profile of the serum lipoproteins was studied in 14 species of domestic and laboratory animals: the @entity12 , @entity10 , @entity13 , @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity11 , @entity7 , cat, @entity1 , @entity9 , @entity6 , @entity8 , trout and @entity2 . 2. The concentration of @entity4 in whole serum and the lipoprotein fractions of these animal species was also determined. 3. There were large differences in the density profile of the serum lipoproteins among the various animals studied and the results indicate that the density limits employed for human serum lipoproteins are not directly applicable to the lipoproteins of animals. 4. In most of the animals studied, three major lipoprotein fractions could be observed as in @entity0 . 5. However, such a clear pattern was not found in the @entity6 , @entity2 and @entity8 . 6. In the animals studied, with the exception of the @entity12 and the @entity8 , most of the @entity4 in the serum was carried in the high density lipoprotein fraction.

title: The density profile and XXXX concentration of serum lipoproteins in domestic and laboratory animals.

answer: @entity4


abstract: This outbreak highlights a number of significant factors related to most @entity2 outbreaks. The bath water had not been changed in more than four weeks which led to a build-up of high levels of organic @entity1 . There was an extended interval of six days between subsequent OTD @entity3 residual tests, allowing the @entity3 residual to decrease to low levels between tests. It should also be noted that the OTD test, by design, measures both the active free @entity3 and the inactive combined @entity3 residual. Therefore OTD residual readings in the low normal range may actually represent below normal free active @entity3 residual levels. The following measures are suggested to reduce the growth of pseudomonads in hot tubs and whirlpool baths and to prevent subsequent cases of @entity2 : 1. The OTD @entity3 residual should be checked every day. The residual should be well above the minimum level suggested for the bath. Or, preferably, an automatic chlorinator should be installed. This device measures the free @entity3 residual and automatically adds @entity3 to keep the residual in the desired range. 2. The water in the bath should be changed at least every eight weeks in order to reduce the total organic @entity1 level. The water should be changed more frequently if the bath is used by a large number of @entity0 . 3. If an outbreak of @entity2 is associated with a bath, the water should be changed and the bath washed with a @entity3 -based solution. Also, the method of keeping the @entity3 residual in the operating range should be re-evaluated.

title: Methods for preventing XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: To determine whether the previously described abnormalities in @entity1 in essential @entity3 are associated, we examined the responses to the relevant systems in 18 @entity0 with essential @entity3 . Young @entity0 , under 30 years of age, were studied to minimize the likelihood that the phenomena were secondary to long-standing @entity3 . To achieve a wide span of @entity7 balance, studies were performed during a high (200 mEq) @entity7 intake, a restricted (10 mEg) @entity7 intake and a restricted @entity7 intake supplemented by a further short-term diuretic-induced @entity2 ( @entity8 , 180 to 300 mg, to reduce body weight by 1 to 1.5 kg). The indexes measured included cardiac output ( @entity9 indicator dilution), plasma volume (125 I albumin space), renal blood flow (radioxenon transit), plasma @entity4 activity and @entity6 levels and @entity6 secretory rate. All of these variables, with the exception of blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, were within the normal range during the two diets. However, the @entity6 secretory response to diuretic-induced volume depletion on a low- @entity7 diet was clearly blunted in nine subjects. These nine subjects (abnormal responders) had a virtually absent @entity6 increment (23 +/- 34 micrograms per 24 hours) compared with the normal responders (502 %/- 70 micrograms per 24 hours). In addition, renal blood flow was significantly higher in these same nine subjects during both a high @entity7 intake (434 +/- 19 versus 342 +/- 26 ml/100 g per minute) and a restricted @entity7 intake /446 +/- 11 versus 285 +/- 39 ml/100 g per minute). Yet, there were no significant differences between these two groups in @entity7 or @entity5 balance, blood pressure, plasma volume, cardiac index or plasma @entity4 activity during a high or low @entity7 intake. Normally, control of both @entity6 release by the adrenal and renal perfusion is dominated by angiotensin; an apparently blunted response of both systems suggests that there may be a generalized abnormality in the way angiotensin interacts with its target tissues in many young @entity0 with essential @entity3 .

title: Parallel adrenal and XXXX in young @entity0 with essential @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: To determine whether the previously described abnormalities in @entity1 in essential @entity3 are associated, we examined the responses to the relevant systems in 18 @entity0 with essential @entity3 . Young @entity0 , under 30 years of age, were studied to minimize the likelihood that the phenomena were secondary to long-standing @entity3 . To achieve a wide span of @entity7 balance, studies were performed during a high (200 mEq) @entity7 intake, a restricted (10 mEg) @entity7 intake and a restricted @entity7 intake supplemented by a further short-term diuretic-induced @entity2 ( @entity8 , 180 to 300 mg, to reduce body weight by 1 to 1.5 kg). The indexes measured included cardiac output ( @entity9 indicator dilution), plasma volume (125 I albumin space), renal blood flow (radioxenon transit), plasma @entity4 activity and @entity6 levels and @entity6 secretory rate. All of these variables, with the exception of blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, were within the normal range during the two diets. However, the @entity6 secretory response to diuretic-induced volume depletion on a low- @entity7 diet was clearly blunted in nine subjects. These nine subjects (abnormal responders) had a virtually absent @entity6 increment (23 +/- 34 micrograms per 24 hours) compared with the normal responders (502 %/- 70 micrograms per 24 hours). In addition, renal blood flow was significantly higher in these same nine subjects during both a high @entity7 intake (434 +/- 19 versus 342 +/- 26 ml/100 g per minute) and a restricted @entity7 intake /446 +/- 11 versus 285 +/- 39 ml/100 g per minute). Yet, there were no significant differences between these two groups in @entity7 or @entity5 balance, blood pressure, plasma volume, cardiac index or plasma @entity4 activity during a high or low @entity7 intake. Normally, control of both @entity6 release by the adrenal and renal perfusion is dominated by angiotensin; an apparently blunted response of both systems suggests that there may be a generalized abnormality in the way angiotensin interacts with its target tissues in many young @entity0 with essential @entity3 .

title: Parallel adrenal and @entity1 in young @entity0 with essential XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: To determine whether the previously described abnormalities in @entity1 in essential @entity3 are associated, we examined the responses to the relevant systems in 18 @entity0 with essential @entity3 . Young @entity0 , under 30 years of age, were studied to minimize the likelihood that the phenomena were secondary to long-standing @entity3 . To achieve a wide span of @entity7 balance, studies were performed during a high (200 mEq) @entity7 intake, a restricted (10 mEg) @entity7 intake and a restricted @entity7 intake supplemented by a further short-term diuretic-induced @entity2 ( @entity8 , 180 to 300 mg, to reduce body weight by 1 to 1.5 kg). The indexes measured included cardiac output ( @entity9 indicator dilution), plasma volume (125 I albumin space), renal blood flow (radioxenon transit), plasma @entity4 activity and @entity6 levels and @entity6 secretory rate. All of these variables, with the exception of blood pressure and total peripheral resistance, were within the normal range during the two diets. However, the @entity6 secretory response to diuretic-induced volume depletion on a low- @entity7 diet was clearly blunted in nine subjects. These nine subjects (abnormal responders) had a virtually absent @entity6 increment (23 +/- 34 micrograms per 24 hours) compared with the normal responders (502 %/- 70 micrograms per 24 hours). In addition, renal blood flow was significantly higher in these same nine subjects during both a high @entity7 intake (434 +/- 19 versus 342 +/- 26 ml/100 g per minute) and a restricted @entity7 intake /446 +/- 11 versus 285 +/- 39 ml/100 g per minute). Yet, there were no significant differences between these two groups in @entity7 or @entity5 balance, blood pressure, plasma volume, cardiac index or plasma @entity4 activity during a high or low @entity7 intake. Normally, control of both @entity6 release by the adrenal and renal perfusion is dominated by angiotensin; an apparently blunted response of both systems suggests that there may be a generalized abnormality in the way angiotensin interacts with its target tissues in many young @entity0 with essential @entity3 .

title: Parallel adrenal and @entity1 in young XXXX with essential @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The records of 443 cases of liver @entity2 operated on at San Francisco General Hospital from 1976 to 1981 were reviewed. Forty-two percent of the injuries were due to blunt @entity2 , 32 percent to stabbings, and 26 percent to gunshot wounds. Seventy-two percent of the @entity0 were treated by simple repair and only 8 percent of @entity0 had to undergo major resection. Infections and pulmonary problems were the most common complications, and the overall morbidity was 38 percent. @entity4 occurred in 84 percent of @entity0 . Our overall mortality was 9 percent; mortality for blunt @entity2 was 14 percent, for gunshot wounds 8 percent, and for stab wounds 2.8 percent. Most deaths were intraoperative (58 percent), with the primary cause of death being exsanguination. @entity3 accounted for most of the postoperative deaths. Our 5 years study and comparison with previous studies reaffirms our belief in a conservative approach to the traumatized @entity0 with @entity1 . Utilizing the aforementioned principles, we have managed to show a continual decrease in mortality in spite of treating a more severely traumatized group of @entity0 . We believe that continued improvement in mortality and morbidity is possible through the prevention of @entity2 , adherence to our basic guidelines, and the implementation of new technological advances now on the horizon.

title: Morbidity and mortality in XXXX . A 5 year study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Twenty-one @entity0 with @entity1 , admitted to the hospital within 4 hours after the onset of symptoms, were studied by seven-pinhole thallium-201 scintigraphy before and 1 hour and 24 hours after intracoronary fibrinolysis using streptokinase. The size of the thallium-201 perfusion defect was assessed from myocardial cross sections reconstructed from the original seven-pinhole data and expressed as a fraction of left ventricular circumference. Recanalization was achieved in 16 @entity0 within 3.9 +/- 1.6 hours after onset of symptoms (group A). In these @entity0 , the size of the perfusion defect had decreased from 36 +/- 17% to 19% +/- 15% (p less than 0.001) at 24 hours. No significant change was detected by redistribution at 1 hour after the intervention. In five @entity0 , intracoronary fibrinolysis was unsuccessful, and the vessel remained occluded (group B). The thallium-201 perfusion defect affected 40 +/- 15% of the left ventricular circumference before the intervention; it remained virtually unchanged at 1 hour (37 +/- 16%) and at 24 hours (41 +/- 15%) after fibrinolysis. The perfusion defect was most reduced in @entity0 with extensive collaterals supplying the ischemic area or with subtotal occlusion of the affected coronary artery. We conclude that successful intracoronary fibrinolysis may reduce the size of the thallium-201 perfusion defect in many @entity0 with @entity1 . One important factor in the final result may be the presence of residual coronary flow supplied by extensive collaterals or by subtotal occlusion of the affected coronary artery when reperfusion is achieved around 4 hours after the onset of symptoms.

title: Thrombolysis in XXXX using intracoronary streptokinase: assessment by thallium-201 scintigraphy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to verify the acquisition of the three dimensional single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) image using prompt gamma ray originated from proton @entity1 fusion therapy (PBFT). METHODS: The real-time imaging system during the PBFT was simulated to acquire the tomographic image of the prompt gamma ray from treated @entity0 by the proton @entity1 reaction, using Monte Carlo simulation (MCNPX). We acquired percentage depth dose (PDD) of the proton beam in the water phantom including the @entity1 uptake region (BUR), the energy spectra of the prompt gamma ray and tomographic image which can show treated @entity0 regions. The prompt gamma ray image was reconstructed using maximum likelihood estimation maximization (MLEM) reconstruction algorithm with 64 projections. In addition, in order to evaluate the reconstructed image, the image profiles between BURs were extracted from the image. RESULTS: In the PDD results, the Bragg-peak was amplified definitely when the proton's maximum dose level was located at the BUR. This amplification is based on the generation of alpha particles. In addition, the prompt gamma ray peak of 719 keV was observed from the energy spectrum. Through the previous process, the tomographic image of prompt gamma ray from the BUR was reconstructed. The line profile was extracted from image including BURs, and it shows high signal-to-noise ratio. CONCLUSION: We confirmed that the real-time prompt gamma ray image during the PBFT was successfully deducted, and results of quantitative image analysis show good agreement with the original pattern of the BUR. This study first verified the imaging capability of the PBFT-SPECT system. In conclusion, the PBFT-SPECT system can realize the treated @entity0 monitoring during the PBFT.

title: MO-F-CAMPUS-J-05: Verification for Prompt Gamma Ray Imaging During Proton XXXX Fusion Therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effect of high doses of @entity4 on the clinical status, plasma neuroleptic and prolactin concentrations as well as on CSF HVA and @entity3 levels was investigated in 3 paranoid @entity1 @entity0 over a 6 weeks period. When the study was initiated @entity0 had been on @entity4 (10 mg a day) for 4-10 weeks. Oral doses were increased at weekly intervals from 10 (day 0) to 100 (day 7) and 200 (days 14 to 28) mg a day and then reduced to 100 (day 35) and 10 (day 42) mg/day. A linear relationship was observed between plasmatic levels and daily doses of @entity4 . In neither @entity0 , the increase in @entity4 dosage affected paranoid symptoms. Neurological side effects were slightly increased in 2 cases and moderately reduced in one case. Prolactin plasma levels, already high at the onset of the study rose when increasing the dose to 100 mg a day but did not increase further despite increment in the @entity4 dosage. CSF levels of @entity5 and @entity3 rose from day 0 to day 7 but were back to the initial values on day 28 in 2 @entity0 and were decreased from day 0 to day 28 in one @entity0 . For the 3 @entity0 a close correlation was observed between changes in CSF HVA and @entity3 levels. It is concluded that high doses of @entity4 , although causing biochemical changes compatible with the occurrence of @entity2 target cell supersensitivity, do not lead to any clinical improvement in the 3 studied @entity1 @entity0 .

title: [Use of @entity4 in high doses in XXXX . Clinical, biochemical and pharmacokinetic study].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effect of high doses of @entity4 on the clinical status, plasma neuroleptic and prolactin concentrations as well as on CSF HVA and @entity3 levels was investigated in 3 paranoid @entity1 @entity0 over a 6 weeks period. When the study was initiated @entity0 had been on @entity4 (10 mg a day) for 4-10 weeks. Oral doses were increased at weekly intervals from 10 (day 0) to 100 (day 7) and 200 (days 14 to 28) mg a day and then reduced to 100 (day 35) and 10 (day 42) mg/day. A linear relationship was observed between plasmatic levels and daily doses of @entity4 . In neither @entity0 , the increase in @entity4 dosage affected paranoid symptoms. Neurological side effects were slightly increased in 2 cases and moderately reduced in one case. Prolactin plasma levels, already high at the onset of the study rose when increasing the dose to 100 mg a day but did not increase further despite increment in the @entity4 dosage. CSF levels of @entity5 and @entity3 rose from day 0 to day 7 but were back to the initial values on day 28 in 2 @entity0 and were decreased from day 0 to day 28 in one @entity0 . For the 3 @entity0 a close correlation was observed between changes in CSF HVA and @entity3 levels. It is concluded that high doses of @entity4 , although causing biochemical changes compatible with the occurrence of @entity2 target cell supersensitivity, do not lead to any clinical improvement in the 3 studied @entity1 @entity0 .

title: [Use of XXXX in high doses in @entity1 . Clinical, biochemical and pharmacokinetic study].

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1 Eighty-five @entity0 with severe @entity1 complicating pregnancy were treated with oral @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Six of these had a twin pregnancy and 54 had @entity4 . 2 Effective control of the blood pressure was achieved in all but six @entity0 . The maximum dose of @entity6 prescribed was 1200 mg daily. There were no significant maternal or foetal side-effects. 3 Foeto-placental function was carefully monitored in all @entity0 . Twenty-four of the 89 @entity0 born alive showed evidence of intra-uterine @entity5 , the highest incidence occurring in the group of @entity0 with essential @entity1 complicated by pregnancy induced @entity1 . 4 The low perinatal mortality of 4.4% was a reflection of the meticulous control of the blood pressure. 5 There were no @entity3 or evidence of oculotoxicity in any of the @entity0 delivered. 6 The efficient @entity2 action of orally administered @entity6 together with the absence of maternal and foetal side effects and consequent improved perinatal mortality confirms that it is an eminently suitable drug for the treatment of @entity1 complicating pregnancy.

title: The evaluation of @entity6 in the treatment of XXXX complicating pregnancy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1 Eighty-five @entity0 with severe @entity1 complicating pregnancy were treated with oral @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Six of these had a twin pregnancy and 54 had @entity4 . 2 Effective control of the blood pressure was achieved in all but six @entity0 . The maximum dose of @entity6 prescribed was 1200 mg daily. There were no significant maternal or foetal side-effects. 3 Foeto-placental function was carefully monitored in all @entity0 . Twenty-four of the 89 @entity0 born alive showed evidence of intra-uterine @entity5 , the highest incidence occurring in the group of @entity0 with essential @entity1 complicated by pregnancy induced @entity1 . 4 The low perinatal mortality of 4.4% was a reflection of the meticulous control of the blood pressure. 5 There were no @entity3 or evidence of oculotoxicity in any of the @entity0 delivered. 6 The efficient @entity2 action of orally administered @entity6 together with the absence of maternal and foetal side effects and consequent improved perinatal mortality confirms that it is an eminently suitable drug for the treatment of @entity1 complicating pregnancy.

title: The evaluation of XXXX in the treatment of @entity1 complicating pregnancy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The @entity0 is a 30-year-old @entity0 who has suffered from recurrent @entity12 , oral aphthae and scrotal @entity9 , @entity13 and @entity10 . In April, 1980, he gradually developed @entity1 and @entity5 . On April 14, 1980, he was pointed out remarked bilateral choked disc by an ophthalmologist and then admitted to the Miyazaki Medical College Hospital. On admission to our service, he showed atypical symptoms of Beh  et's disease, namely, oral aphthae and scrotal @entity9 , @entity13 and bilateral choked disc. Laboratory data demonstrated @entity11 , increased clotting factors and decreased fibrinolytic activity. Immunogenetically, HLA BW51 type was demonstrated. The angiograms showed @entity7 . Histological examination of the @entity6 demonstrated @entity2 and @entity10 . A diagnosis of atypical Vasculo-Beh  et's disease was made. The response to the @entity4 therapy was dramatic, though the fibrinolytic drugs, anticoagulants and vasodilators were not effective. @entity10 is a well recognized complication of Beh  et's disease occurring in major vessels, however @entity8 of the dural sinus has rarely reported. This case may be the first one which had @entity3 with Vasculo-Beh  et's disease in literature. We discussed the mechanism of the thrombogenesis, the relationship to HLA, the coexistence of Neuro-Beh  et's disease and the therapy of Vasculo-Beh  et's disease.

title: [Vasculo-Beh  et's disease with XXXX --case report (author's transl)].

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: To determine the incidence and predictive factors of @entity4 and @entity5 after lung stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity0 were treated with lung SABR of 48-60  Gy in four to five fractions. The treatment plan and follow-up computed tomography scans of 289 @entity1 in 239 @entity0 were reviewed. Dose-volume histogram (DVH) metrics and clinical factors were evaluated as potential predictors of @entity2 . RESULTS: The median follow-up was 21.0 months (range 6.2-52.1). Seventeen per cent (50/289) developed a @entity4 , 44% (22/50) were symptomatic; the median time to @entity4 was 16.4 months. On univariate analysis, female gender, @entity3 , @entity1 adjacent (within 5  mm) to the chest wall and all of the chest wall DVH metrics predicted for @entity4 , but only @entity1 location adjacent to the chest wall remained significant on the multivariate model (P  <  0.01). The 2 year @entity4 -free probability for those adjacent to the chest wall was 65.6%. Among those @entity1 adjacent to the chest wall, only @entity3 (P  =  0.02) predicted for @entity4 , whereas none of the chest wall DVH metrics were predictive. Eight per cent (24/289) experienced @entity5 without @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: None of the chest wall DVH metrics independently predicted for SABR-induced @entity4 when @entity1 location is taken into account. @entity0 with @entity1 adjacent (within 5  mm) to the chest wall are at greater risk of @entity4 after lung SABR, and among these, an additional risk was observed in @entity6 @entity0 .

title: Predictors of Chest Wall XXXX after Lung Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: @entity5 is associated with @entity4 , and psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are thought to provide useful interventions to address such dysfunction as well as the @entity2 itself. However, little is known whether CBT for @entity5 is effective including long-term course of the illness in non-Western populations. We therefore tailored such a program based on an existing CBT protocol and examined its effectiveness in Japan. METHODS: Thirty-four Japanese @entity0 (22 females; mean age = 52.5 years) enrolled in a weekly 12 session group treatment, with 32 completing both wait-list and treatment conditions. The primary outcome measure was @entity2 intensity. Secondary outcome measures included @entity2 characteristics, as measured by @entity2 catastrophizing and psychometric evaluations, including @entity3 , @entity1 , and quality of life. The @entity0 were followed up for 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: We found that @entity2 intensity, @entity1 , @entity3 , and social functioning all significantly improved after treatment compared with the wait-list period, and the improvements in @entity2 intensity, @entity3 , and social functioning were sustained at 12 months following the completion of CBT. There were strong positive correlations (ps < 0.01) among pre- and post- treatment changes in the affective dimension of @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity2 catastrophizing. CONCLUSION: These results show that the present CBT program was effective for Japanese @entity0 with @entity5 and that gains were maintained over the long-term. More work is needed to further clarify the effects of CBT interventions on somatoform symptoms, particularly in Japan.

title: Effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) for XXXX @entity0 in Japan: A preliminary non-case-control study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: @entity5 is associated with @entity4 , and psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are thought to provide useful interventions to address such dysfunction as well as the @entity2 itself. However, little is known whether CBT for @entity5 is effective including long-term course of the illness in non-Western populations. We therefore tailored such a program based on an existing CBT protocol and examined its effectiveness in Japan. METHODS: Thirty-four Japanese @entity0 (22 females; mean age = 52.5 years) enrolled in a weekly 12 session group treatment, with 32 completing both wait-list and treatment conditions. The primary outcome measure was @entity2 intensity. Secondary outcome measures included @entity2 characteristics, as measured by @entity2 catastrophizing and psychometric evaluations, including @entity3 , @entity1 , and quality of life. The @entity0 were followed up for 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: We found that @entity2 intensity, @entity1 , @entity3 , and social functioning all significantly improved after treatment compared with the wait-list period, and the improvements in @entity2 intensity, @entity3 , and social functioning were sustained at 12 months following the completion of CBT. There were strong positive correlations (ps < 0.01) among pre- and post- treatment changes in the affective dimension of @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity2 catastrophizing. CONCLUSION: These results show that the present CBT program was effective for Japanese @entity0 with @entity5 and that gains were maintained over the long-term. More work is needed to further clarify the effects of CBT interventions on somatoform symptoms, particularly in Japan.

title: Effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) for @entity5 XXXX in Japan: A preliminary non-case-control study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties which may beneficially influence the development of @entity1 . A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based glycoprotein biomarker, designated GlycA, whose signal originates from several glycosylated acute-phase proteins, has been recently developed. We tested whether plasma GlycA is associated with @entity2 in subjects with and without @entity0 . DESIGN AND METHODS: GlycA (NMR spectroscopy), high sensitivity @entity3 (hs-CRP) and @entity2 were measured in 58 fasting subjects with @entity0 and in 63 subjects without @entity0 (including 65 subjects with @entity0 ). RESULTS: GlycA and hs-CRP were higher, coinciding with lower @entity2 in @entity0 (p<0.01 for each). In all subjects combined, GlycA was strongly correlated with hs-CRP (r=0.631, p<0.001). Age-, sex- and @entity0 status-adjusted multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that GlycA and hs-CRP were both associated positively with the presence of @entity0 (b=0.256, p=0.014 and b=0.259, p=0.012, respectively). GlycA and hs-CRP were negatively related to @entity2 (b=-0.258, p=0.007 and b=-0.305, p<0.001, respectively), independent of @entity0 (p>0.05 for each) and @entity0 status (p>0.50 for each). CONCLUSIONS: GlycA is elevated in @entity0 , and may represent a quantitative measure of a pro-inflammatory state. Increased levels of glycosylated acute-phase proteins are associated with lower @entity2 in @entity0 .

title: A pro-inflammatory glycoprotein biomarker is associated with lower XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties which may beneficially influence the development of @entity1 . A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based glycoprotein biomarker, designated GlycA, whose signal originates from several glycosylated acute-phase proteins, has been recently developed. We tested whether plasma GlycA is associated with @entity2 in subjects with and without @entity0 . DESIGN AND METHODS: GlycA (NMR spectroscopy), high sensitivity @entity3 (hs-CRP) and @entity2 were measured in 58 fasting subjects with @entity0 and in 63 subjects without @entity0 (including 65 subjects with @entity0 ). RESULTS: GlycA and hs-CRP were higher, coinciding with lower @entity2 in @entity0 (p<0.01 for each). In all subjects combined, GlycA was strongly correlated with hs-CRP (r=0.631, p<0.001). Age-, sex- and @entity0 status-adjusted multivariable linear regression analysis demonstrated that GlycA and hs-CRP were both associated positively with the presence of @entity0 (b=0.256, p=0.014 and b=0.259, p=0.012, respectively). GlycA and hs-CRP were negatively related to @entity2 (b=-0.258, p=0.007 and b=-0.305, p<0.001, respectively), independent of @entity0 (p>0.05 for each) and @entity0 status (p>0.50 for each). CONCLUSIONS: GlycA is elevated in @entity0 , and may represent a quantitative measure of a pro-inflammatory state. Increased levels of glycosylated acute-phase proteins are associated with lower @entity2 in @entity0 .

title: A pro-inflammatory glycoprotein biomarker is associated with lower @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We explored whether hemodynamic cardiac stress leads to a differential release of @entity1 biomarkers, used in the diagnosis of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: In an observational international multicenter study, we enrolled 831 unselected @entity0 presenting with symptoms suggestive of @entity2 to the emergency department. The final diagnosis was adjudicated by two independent cardiologists. Hemodynamic cardiac stress was quantified by levels of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Spearman's rho correlation was used to analyze the correlations between @entity4 and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs- @entity7 ), Siemens @entity6 -Ultra ( @entity6 -ultra), CK-MB and @entity5 . @entity0 were categorized according to the extent of hemodynamic cardiac stress as quantified by @entity4 tertiles. RESULTS: Among all @entity0 , the positive pair-wise correlation with @entity4 was strongest with hs- @entity7 and @entity6 -ultra (r=0.58 and 0.50, respectively), moderate for @entity5 (r=0.43), and weakest with CK-MB (r=0.25; p<0.001 for each). Similar pattern of correlations was also observed among @entity2 @entity0 . Among @entity0 diagnosed with non-cardiac cause of @entity3 (n=385, 46%) and cardiac but non-coronary (n=109, 13%), @entity4 had significant positive correlations with hs- @entity7 , @entity6 -ultra and @entity5 (p<0.05), but not with CK-MB (p=NS). A similar pattern of stronger correlation between @entity4 and hs- @entity7 , @entity6 -ultra and @entity5 as compared to that with CK-MB was also observed within the higher @entity4 tertile range. There was no correlation between @entity4 and other biomarkers within the 1st @entity4 tertile group. CONCLUSION: Hemodynamic cardiac stress, as quantified by @entity4 , as a likely cause of @entity1 , is more closely reflected by concentrations of hs- @entity7 , @entity6 -ultra and @entity5 than CK-MB.

title: XXXX induced by hemodynamic cardiac stress: Differential release of cardiac biomarkers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 is a life-threatening comorbidity. Despite its seriousness, prophylaxis and screening for @entity3 in @entity4 @entity0 are still not sophisticated. PURPOSE: This study aimed to define the epidemiology and incidence of @entity3 in acute traumatic cervical @entity4 in a Japanese population, determine the best timing for @entity3 screening, and determine the optimal D-dimer threshold level for use as an easy and minimally invasive screening tool. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective clinical study. @entity0 SAMPLE: The @entity0 sample included acute traumatic cervical @entity4 @entity0 who were admitted to our facility within 2 weeks after injury. OUTCOME MEASURE: Multivariate logistic regression was performed for outcome measure. METHODS: We enrolled 268 @entity0 (223 @entity0 and 45 @entity0 ), from April 2007 to December 2012. After excluding early drop-out @entity0 , 211 @entity0 remained. Assessment for neurological status and blood chemistry, especially @entity2 levels (prothrombin time, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, and serum D-dimer), was performed every week until 1 month after injury. Ultrasonography was performed for @entity3 detection every 2 weeks. RESULTS: @entity3 were detected in 22 @entity0 (10.4% of @entity0 studied). All @entity3 -positive @entity0 demonstrated severe @entity1 classified as C or greater on the American @entity5 Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Multivariate logistic regression of clinical and laboratory parameters revealed that only the D-dimer level at 2 weeks after injury was an accurate predictor of @entity3 formation. The optimal threshold of D-dimer for prediction was determined to be 16  g/dL. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting @entity3 were 77.3% and 69.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: D-dimer levels may be used to predict the likelihood of @entity3 development in @entity0 with acute cervical @entity4 . Furthermore, the optimal timing for screening test by D-dimer is 2 weeks after injury, and optimal threshold level for D-dimer for diagnosing @entity3 is 16  g/dL. Such a screening test would be cost-efficient and simple to administer and could then be followed with additional investigations, such as ultrasonography or venography.

title: D-dimer screening for @entity3 in traumatic cervical XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 is a life-threatening comorbidity. Despite its seriousness, prophylaxis and screening for @entity3 in @entity4 @entity0 are still not sophisticated. PURPOSE: This study aimed to define the epidemiology and incidence of @entity3 in acute traumatic cervical @entity4 in a Japanese population, determine the best timing for @entity3 screening, and determine the optimal D-dimer threshold level for use as an easy and minimally invasive screening tool. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective clinical study. @entity0 SAMPLE: The @entity0 sample included acute traumatic cervical @entity4 @entity0 who were admitted to our facility within 2 weeks after injury. OUTCOME MEASURE: Multivariate logistic regression was performed for outcome measure. METHODS: We enrolled 268 @entity0 (223 @entity0 and 45 @entity0 ), from April 2007 to December 2012. After excluding early drop-out @entity0 , 211 @entity0 remained. Assessment for neurological status and blood chemistry, especially @entity2 levels (prothrombin time, prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, and serum D-dimer), was performed every week until 1 month after injury. Ultrasonography was performed for @entity3 detection every 2 weeks. RESULTS: @entity3 were detected in 22 @entity0 (10.4% of @entity0 studied). All @entity3 -positive @entity0 demonstrated severe @entity1 classified as C or greater on the American @entity5 Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale. Multivariate logistic regression of clinical and laboratory parameters revealed that only the D-dimer level at 2 weeks after injury was an accurate predictor of @entity3 formation. The optimal threshold of D-dimer for prediction was determined to be 16  g/dL. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting @entity3 were 77.3% and 69.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: D-dimer levels may be used to predict the likelihood of @entity3 development in @entity0 with acute cervical @entity4 . Furthermore, the optimal timing for screening test by D-dimer is 2 weeks after injury, and optimal threshold level for D-dimer for diagnosing @entity3 is 16  g/dL. Such a screening test would be cost-efficient and simple to administer and could then be followed with additional investigations, such as ultrasonography or venography.

title: D-dimer screening for XXXX in traumatic cervical @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Perioperative analgesic effects of oral @entity4 following cautery disbudding were investigated in preweaned @entity0 . Twenty Holstein @entity0 approximately 4 to 6 wk old received a single oral dose of @entity4 , a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory, at 0.5 mg/kg (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Responses, including ocular temperature determined by infrared thermography, pressure algometry measuring mechanical nociception threshold, and heart rate, were evaluated at 2, 4, 7, 8, and 24 h after @entity1 and cautery disbudding. Blood samples were collected over 96 h and analyzed for plasma @entity2 and @entity5 concentrations by RIA. Additionally, ex vivo @entity3 concentrations were determined over a 72-h study period using an enzyme immunoassay. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed effects model with repeated measures. An inhibition of ex vivo @entity3 synthesis was observed from 12 to 48 h following disbudding in @entity0 treated with @entity4 . Cautery disbudding was associated with an increased nociception for the duration of sampling (24 h). During the initial 24-h period following disbudding, no difference in response between treatment groups was noted. Following 24 h, mean @entity2 concentrations diverged between the 2 study groups with placebo-treated @entity0 having increased @entity2 concentrations at approximately 48 h after disbudding. Furthermore, the overall integrated @entity2 response as calculated as area under the effect curve tended to be reduced in @entity4 -treated @entity0 . The prolonged effects of cautery dehorning require further investigation. Moreover, the effect of @entity4 on @entity2 reduction observed in this study requires additional exploration.

title: The effects of XXXX on cautery disbudding pain and stress responses in preweaned dairy @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Perioperative analgesic effects of oral @entity4 following cautery disbudding were investigated in preweaned @entity0 . Twenty Holstein @entity0 approximately 4 to 6 wk old received a single oral dose of @entity4 , a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory, at 0.5 mg/kg (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Responses, including ocular temperature determined by infrared thermography, pressure algometry measuring mechanical nociception threshold, and heart rate, were evaluated at 2, 4, 7, 8, and 24 h after @entity1 and cautery disbudding. Blood samples were collected over 96 h and analyzed for plasma @entity2 and @entity5 concentrations by RIA. Additionally, ex vivo @entity3 concentrations were determined over a 72-h study period using an enzyme immunoassay. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed effects model with repeated measures. An inhibition of ex vivo @entity3 synthesis was observed from 12 to 48 h following disbudding in @entity0 treated with @entity4 . Cautery disbudding was associated with an increased nociception for the duration of sampling (24 h). During the initial 24-h period following disbudding, no difference in response between treatment groups was noted. Following 24 h, mean @entity2 concentrations diverged between the 2 study groups with placebo-treated @entity0 having increased @entity2 concentrations at approximately 48 h after disbudding. Furthermore, the overall integrated @entity2 response as calculated as area under the effect curve tended to be reduced in @entity4 -treated @entity0 . The prolonged effects of cautery dehorning require further investigation. Moreover, the effect of @entity4 on @entity2 reduction observed in this study requires additional exploration.

title: The effects of @entity4 on cautery disbudding pain and stress responses in preweaned dairy XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare early recurrence between good-quality white-light Transurethral Resection of Bladder @entity1 (TURBT) (GQ-WLTURBT) and photodynamic diagnosis-assisted (PDD) TURBT in a real-life controlled setting. METHODS: A prospective controlled study was conducted commencing with a planned prospective cohort of @entity0 with new @entity1 undergoing white-light TURBT in 2007-2008. Previously defined principles of GQ-WLTURBT for standardization and comparison of TURBT techniques, which are (1) cystoscopic mapping using a bladder diagram, (2) documented complete resection of the @entity1 , (3) resection performed or supervised by an experienced surgeon, (4) presence of detrusor muscle in the specimen, and (5) @entity0 receiving @entity3 within 24 hours of the resection, were applied. This was followed by a prospective cohort of new @entity0 undergoing PDD-TURBT in 2009-2011. Only @entity0 with new non-muscle-invasive @entity2 (NMIBC) deemed to have had complete first TURBT were included for analysis. Tumor features and findings at first check cystoscopy and early re-TURBT (in high-risk NMIBC) were evaluated. Early recurrence (for calculating recurrence rate at first follow-up cystoscopy) was defined as pathologically confirmed @entity1 on early re-TURBT or recurrence at the first check cystoscopy. Comparison was analyzed between GQ-WLTURBT and good-quality PDD-TURBT (GQ-PDDTURBT). RESULTS: A total of 808 @entity0 were evaluated. The overall RRFFCs for GQ-WLTURBT and GQ-PDDTURBT were 30.9% and 13.6%, respectively (odds ratio  = 2.9; 95% CI  = 1.6-5.0; P  <.001), with statistically significant lower recurrence rates in low- and intermediate-risk NMIBC after GQ-PDDTURBT. CONCLUSION: Hexvix PDD-assisted TURBT is associated with a significantly lower risk of early recurrence compared with GQ-WLTURBT in a real-life clinical setting.

title: Real-life Experience: Early Recurrence With Hexvix Photodynamic Diagnosis-assisted Transurethral Resection of Bladder @entity1 (TURBT) vs Good-quality White Light TURBT in New Non-muscle-invasive XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare early recurrence between good-quality white-light Transurethral Resection of Bladder @entity1 (TURBT) (GQ-WLTURBT) and photodynamic diagnosis-assisted (PDD) TURBT in a real-life controlled setting. METHODS: A prospective controlled study was conducted commencing with a planned prospective cohort of @entity0 with new @entity1 undergoing white-light TURBT in 2007-2008. Previously defined principles of GQ-WLTURBT for standardization and comparison of TURBT techniques, which are (1) cystoscopic mapping using a bladder diagram, (2) documented complete resection of the @entity1 , (3) resection performed or supervised by an experienced surgeon, (4) presence of detrusor muscle in the specimen, and (5) @entity0 receiving @entity3 within 24 hours of the resection, were applied. This was followed by a prospective cohort of new @entity0 undergoing PDD-TURBT in 2009-2011. Only @entity0 with new non-muscle-invasive @entity2 (NMIBC) deemed to have had complete first TURBT were included for analysis. Tumor features and findings at first check cystoscopy and early re-TURBT (in high-risk NMIBC) were evaluated. Early recurrence (for calculating recurrence rate at first follow-up cystoscopy) was defined as pathologically confirmed @entity1 on early re-TURBT or recurrence at the first check cystoscopy. Comparison was analyzed between GQ-WLTURBT and good-quality PDD-TURBT (GQ-PDDTURBT). RESULTS: A total of 808 @entity0 were evaluated. The overall RRFFCs for GQ-WLTURBT and GQ-PDDTURBT were 30.9% and 13.6%, respectively (odds ratio  = 2.9; 95% CI  = 1.6-5.0; P  <.001), with statistically significant lower recurrence rates in low- and intermediate-risk NMIBC after GQ-PDDTURBT. CONCLUSION: Hexvix PDD-assisted TURBT is associated with a significantly lower risk of early recurrence compared with GQ-WLTURBT in a real-life clinical setting.

title: Real-life Experience: Early Recurrence With Hexvix Photodynamic Diagnosis-assisted Transurethral Resection of Bladder XXXX (TURBT) vs Good-quality White Light TURBT in New Non-muscle-invasive @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 frequently consist of more than one strain of a given pathogen. Experiments have shown that co-infecting strains often compete, so that the @entity0 intensity of each strain in @entity1 is lower than in single strain infections. Such within-host competition can have important epidemiological and evolutionary consequences. However, the extent of competition has rarely been investigated in wild, naturally infected hosts, where there is noise in the form of varying inoculation doses, @entity0 and host heterogeneity, which can potentially alleviate or eliminate competition. Here, we investigated the extent of competition between @entity2 strains (as determined by ospC genotype) in three host species sampled in the wild. For this purpose, we developed a protocol for 454 amplicon sequencing of ospC, which allows both detection and quantification of each individual strain in an @entity0 . Each host individual was infected with one to six ospC strains. The @entity0 intensity of each strain was lower in @entity1 than in single ones, showing that there was competition. Rank-abundance plots revealed that there was typically one dominant strain, but that the evenness of the relative @entity0 intensity of the different strains in an @entity0 increased with the multiplicity of @entity0 . We conclude that within-host competition can play an important role under natural conditions despite many potential sources of noise, and that quantification by next-generation amplicon sequencing offers new possibilities to dissect within-host interactions in naturally infected hosts.

title: Within-host competition between XXXX ospC strains in wild hosts as revealed by massively parallel amplicon sequencing.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Complex surgical exposures to @entity1 required for conventional surgery correlate with a high morbidity and mortality. We present our results with conventional surgery following @entity1 of the subclavian and axillary vessels. METHODS: Between November 2007 and March 2012, 29 cases with @entity3 were operated. Diagnostic and treatment methods, associated organ injury, morbidity and mortality rates in these cases were respectively reviewed. RESULTS: The causes of @entity1 were stab wounds in 11 cases (37.9%), gunshot wounds in 9 cases (31%), @entity1 in 5 cases (17.2%) and blunt @entity1 4 cases (13.7%). Eight @entity0 (27.5%) had isolated @entity3 while 21 @entity0 (72.4%) had coexisting organ injury (vein, bone, soft tissue, nerve). Primary repair and usage of saphenous vein were the most common surgical methods. One @entity0 died due to @entity2 . (Mortality 3.4%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 of axillosubclavian are frequently associated with neurogenic, osseous and soft tissue @entity1 and should have early intervention. Conventional surgery remains the choice of treatment in @entity0 with poor status and urgency.

title: Surgical management of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Food components with anti- @entity1 properties are commonly evaluated using @entity0 models of diet-induced @entity1 . The ability of these components to reduce or prevent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) accumulation is usually tested in feeding trials of several weeks duration in order to detect significant effects on fat mass expansion. Here, we aimed to identify early, predictive biomarkers for @entity2 expansion. We performed a 5-day high-fat diet (HFD) feeding trial with C57BL/6J @entity0 using different established anti- @entity1 interventions: @entity3 , replacing dietary lipids by n-3 @entity6 , and increasing dietary protein. @entity2 gene expression was analyzed of genes known to be similarly affected by short- and long-term HFD. Gene expression of @entity9 (mesoderm-specific transcript) was increased by HFD and normalized by all anti- @entity1 interventions. In a second experiment, translatability to whole blood-based expression data was assessed. @entity0 were challenged for 21  days with a HFD without or with simultaneous treatment with anti- @entity1 bioactives, @entity7 or @entity5 , and compared for parameters including Leptin and @entity8 expression in whole blood at day 5. While @entity4 mRNA could not be detected in @entity0 whole blood, there was an induction of @entity8 mRNA by HFD which was suppressed by @entity7 . Moreover, @entity8 expression in whole blood at day 5 positively correlated with @entity2 and negatively with lean body mass and the subcutaneous/visceral fat ratio at day 21. We conclude that gene expression of @entity4 and @entity8 in @entity2 and of @entity8 in whole blood represent early, predictive markers of adipose tissue expansion of potential usefulness in nutritional studies and trials.

title: Identification of XXXX / @entity8 gene expression as a predictive biomarker of adipose tissue expansion sensitive to dietary anti- @entity1 interventions.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Food components with anti- @entity1 properties are commonly evaluated using @entity0 models of diet-induced @entity1 . The ability of these components to reduce or prevent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) accumulation is usually tested in feeding trials of several weeks duration in order to detect significant effects on fat mass expansion. Here, we aimed to identify early, predictive biomarkers for @entity2 expansion. We performed a 5-day high-fat diet (HFD) feeding trial with C57BL/6J @entity0 using different established anti- @entity1 interventions: @entity3 , replacing dietary lipids by n-3 @entity6 , and increasing dietary protein. @entity2 gene expression was analyzed of genes known to be similarly affected by short- and long-term HFD. Gene expression of @entity9 (mesoderm-specific transcript) was increased by HFD and normalized by all anti- @entity1 interventions. In a second experiment, translatability to whole blood-based expression data was assessed. @entity0 were challenged for 21  days with a HFD without or with simultaneous treatment with anti- @entity1 bioactives, @entity7 or @entity5 , and compared for parameters including Leptin and @entity8 expression in whole blood at day 5. While @entity4 mRNA could not be detected in @entity0 whole blood, there was an induction of @entity8 mRNA by HFD which was suppressed by @entity7 . Moreover, @entity8 expression in whole blood at day 5 positively correlated with @entity2 and negatively with lean body mass and the subcutaneous/visceral fat ratio at day 21. We conclude that gene expression of @entity4 and @entity8 in @entity2 and of @entity8 in whole blood represent early, predictive markers of adipose tissue expansion of potential usefulness in nutritional studies and trials.

title: Identification of @entity8 / XXXX gene expression as a predictive biomarker of adipose tissue expansion sensitive to dietary anti- @entity1 interventions.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Food components with anti- @entity1 properties are commonly evaluated using @entity0 models of diet-induced @entity1 . The ability of these components to reduce or prevent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) accumulation is usually tested in feeding trials of several weeks duration in order to detect significant effects on fat mass expansion. Here, we aimed to identify early, predictive biomarkers for @entity2 expansion. We performed a 5-day high-fat diet (HFD) feeding trial with C57BL/6J @entity0 using different established anti- @entity1 interventions: @entity3 , replacing dietary lipids by n-3 @entity6 , and increasing dietary protein. @entity2 gene expression was analyzed of genes known to be similarly affected by short- and long-term HFD. Gene expression of @entity9 (mesoderm-specific transcript) was increased by HFD and normalized by all anti- @entity1 interventions. In a second experiment, translatability to whole blood-based expression data was assessed. @entity0 were challenged for 21  days with a HFD without or with simultaneous treatment with anti- @entity1 bioactives, @entity7 or @entity5 , and compared for parameters including Leptin and @entity8 expression in whole blood at day 5. While @entity4 mRNA could not be detected in @entity0 whole blood, there was an induction of @entity8 mRNA by HFD which was suppressed by @entity7 . Moreover, @entity8 expression in whole blood at day 5 positively correlated with @entity2 and negatively with lean body mass and the subcutaneous/visceral fat ratio at day 21. We conclude that gene expression of @entity4 and @entity8 in @entity2 and of @entity8 in whole blood represent early, predictive markers of adipose tissue expansion of potential usefulness in nutritional studies and trials.

title: Identification of @entity8 / @entity8 gene expression as a predictive biomarker of adipose tissue expansion sensitive to dietary anti- XXXX interventions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Galectins play crucial roles in innate immune responses in invertebrate by recognizing and eliminating microinvaders. In this study, a cDNA encoding a galectin in the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was identified and characterized. A recombinant variant of this lectin, rLvgalectin, was expressed in the model organism @entity1 and its expression was confirmed by Western blot. Biochemical assays indicated that the recombinant protein antibacterial rLvgalectin activity and was expressed in all of the organism's tested tissues Injection of the bacterium @entity3 into @entity2 induced hemocytes upregulation of Lvgalectin. The recombinant Lvgalectin protein (rLvgalectin) could bind various microorganism including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and @entity0 . And it revealed antimicrobial activity against the test Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, but did not inhibit the growth of fungus @entity1 . Moreover, rLvgalectin could significantly enhance the clearance activity of @entity3 in vivo. In vivo challenge experiments showed that the recombinant rLvgalectin protein can significantly reduce the mortalities of @entity3 injection. Furthermore, Compared to their wild-type counterparts, Lvgalectin-silenced shrimp exhibited increased mortality and hemocyte apoptosis, decreased bacterial clearance ability and total hemocyte counts, and stronger expression of Lvp53, LvproPO, LvPEN3, and LvCrustin following @entity3 challenge. Taken together, these results suggest that galectin is important in the innate immune response of shrimp to pathogens infection.

title: Molecular cloning, expression of a galectin gene in XXXX @entity2 and the antibacterial activity of its recombinant protein.

answer: @entity2