abstract: STUDY QUESTION: What is the most safe and effective interventional treatment for @entity3 ? METHODS: In a hierarchical Bayesian network meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and major scientific websites were screened up to 10 August 2015. Randomised controlled trials of @entity0 with any type of @entity3 (either of bare metal stents or drug eluting stents; and either first or recurrent instances) were included. Trials including multiple treatments at the same time in the same group or comparing variants of the same intervention were excluded. Primary endpoints were @entity1 revascularisation and late lumen loss, both at six to 12 months. The main analysis was complemented by network subanalyses, standard pairwise comparisons, and subgroup and sensitivity analyses. STUDY ANSWER AND LIMITATIONS: Twenty four trials (4880 @entity0 ), including seven interventional treatments, were identified. Compared with plain balloons, bare metal stents, brachytherapy, rotational atherectomy, and cutting balloons, @entity7 and drug eluting stents were associated with a reduced risk of @entity1 revascularisation and major adverse @entity4 , and with reduced late lumen loss. Treatment ranking indicated that drug eluting stents had the highest probability (61.4%) of being the most effective for @entity1 vascularisation; @entity7 were similarly indicated as the most effective treatment for late lumen loss (probability 70.3%). The comparative efficacy of @entity7 and drug eluting stents was similar for @entity1 revascularisation (summary odds ratio 1.10, 95% credible interval 0.59 to 2.01) and late lumen loss reduction (mean difference in minimum lumen diameter 0.04 mm, 95% credible interval -0.20 to 0.10). Risks of @entity2 , @entity5 , and stent @entity6 were comparable across all treatments, but these analyses were limited by a low number of events. Trials had heterogeneity regarding investigation periods, baseline characteristics, and endpoint reporting, with a lack of information at long term follow-up. Direct and indirect evidence was also inconsistent for the comparison between drug eluting stents and @entity7 . WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Compared with other currently available interventional treatments for @entity3 , @entity7 and drug eluting stents are associated with superior clinical and angiographic outcomes, with a similar comparative efficacy. FUNDING, COMPETING INTERESTS, DATA SHARING: This study received no external funding. The authors declare no competing interests. No additional data available.

title: Treatment strategies for @entity3 : systematic review and hierarchical Bayesian network meta-analysis of 24 randomised trials and 4880 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Determinants of temporal lability in ventricular repolarisation are not fully recognised. We aimed to analyse the sources of @entity1 variability by comparing normal subjects and @entity0 after @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with either @entity3 or preserved left ventricular (LV) function. METHODS: One hundred and nine @entity0 (27 @entity0 , 82 @entity0 , aged 51 +/- 9 years) were divided into three groups: 24 @entity0 (pts) with an uncomplicated angiographically proven @entity2 (CHD-group), 59 post- @entity4 pts with preserved LV function (LVEF > 40%, PMI-N-group) and 26 post- @entity4 pts with @entity3 LV function (LVEF < 40%, PMI-L-group). An ECG signal of low-noise 512 heartbeats was recorded using a computer-assisted amplifier (16 bit, 2 kHz). The onset and offset of the R-wave and T-wave were determined automatically. The magnitude of R-R and R-T variability was measured as the standard deviation of all intervals (SD-RR and SD- @entity1 , ms, respectively). Their relationship was quantified by the correlation coefficient r( @entity1 /RR). Power spectral density of RR or @entity1 variability was estimated with the FFT (Welch's averaged periodogram, Hanning window) and frequency relation was quantified using a @entity5 ( @entity5 ). For all spectral and cross-spectral measurements two frequency ranges were considered: high (0.15-0.50 Hz, HF) and low (0.04-0.15 Hz, LF). Spectral power and @entity5 of RR and @entity1 variability for both ranges (HF(RR), LF(RR), HF( @entity1 ), LF( @entity1 ), @entity5 (HF), @entity5 (LF)), and the ratios LF/HF(RR) and LF/HF( @entity1 ) were drawn for comparisons. The central frequency of HF(RR) was considered as the frequency of respiration (f(resp), Hz). RESULTS: In the PMI-L group the SD- @entity1 was significantly greater compared to the remaining groups and accounted for almost 10% of the SDRR. Also, the coefficient r( @entity1 /RR) was weakest in this group. The spectral indices of RR variability were similar in all groups, while the greatest value of the HFRT was observed in the PMI-L group. The @entity5 (LF) was insignificant in this group, contrary to the CHD and PMI-N groups. Additionally, there were significant negative relationships between f(resp) and spectral indices of @entity1 variability in PMI- @entity0 with @entity3 LV function. CONCLUSION: A greater beat-to-beat variation in @entity1 interval duration along with increased power of its HF component indicates an important role of respiration in ventricular repolarisation control, while reduced time- and frequency @entity1 -RR relationships seem to relate to an impaired process of ventricular duration adaptation.

title: Time and frequency analysis of beat-to-beat R-T interval variability in XXXX with ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction providing evidence for non-neural control of ventricular repolarisation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Fifty-five of 1716 @entity0 with @entity3 seen consecutively at three institutions prior to 1986 were found to have an isolated post-hysterectomy vaginal recurrence. Their therapy included external @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and brachytherapy for 26 @entity0 , external @entity2 alone for 17, brachytherapy only for 4, and no @entity2 for 8. Combined external @entity2 /brachytherapy doses ranged from 2000 to 10,000 cGy with a median of 6000 cGy. The 3- and 5-year actuarial survival rates are 48% and 31% for the entire group, and the 3- and 5-year pelvic control rates are 52% and 42%. The 5-year survival and pelvic control rates for those who received greater than or equal to 6000 cGy in total @entity2 dose are 47% and 68%, compared with 12% and 10% for those receiving less than 6000 cGy (p = 0.002 and p = 0.004). For @entity0 receiving their second @entity2 course, the 5-year survival rate is 16%, compared with 48% for those not previously irradiated. The Perez modification of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for primary @entity1 was applied to each recurrence. There were 15 Stage I cases (vaginal mucosa), 32 Stage II cases divided between 15 Stage IIA (subvaginal infiltration) and 17 in Stage IIB (parametrial infiltration), and 8 Stage III cases (pelvic wall involvement). The 3-year actuarial survival and pelvic control rates using this staging system are: Stage I: 85%/100%; Stage II: 41%/43%, Stage IIA: 59%/53%, Stage IIB: 26%/35%; Stage III: 13%/0%. These outcome endpoints are significantly better for Stage I than Stage II @entity0 (p = 0.01 _ 0.0004) and for Stages I and IIA compared to Stages IIB and III (p = 0.0005 _ 0.002). The pre-treatment variables of age, interval since hysterectomy, initial stage, and location did not predict for survival, but a higher rate of pelvic control was observed for apical than for suburethral recurrences (56% vs. 20%). Grade III histology was highly correlated with poor survival (p = 0.0006). This @entity1 staging system appears to have value in predicting treatment outcome for @entity0 with post-hysterectomy vaginal recurrences.

title: Vaginal recurrences of @entity3 : the prognostic value of staging by a primary XXXX system.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Fifty-five of 1716 @entity0 with @entity3 seen consecutively at three institutions prior to 1986 were found to have an isolated post-hysterectomy vaginal recurrence. Their therapy included external @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and brachytherapy for 26 @entity0 , external @entity2 alone for 17, brachytherapy only for 4, and no @entity2 for 8. Combined external @entity2 /brachytherapy doses ranged from 2000 to 10,000 cGy with a median of 6000 cGy. The 3- and 5-year actuarial survival rates are 48% and 31% for the entire group, and the 3- and 5-year pelvic control rates are 52% and 42%. The 5-year survival and pelvic control rates for those who received greater than or equal to 6000 cGy in total @entity2 dose are 47% and 68%, compared with 12% and 10% for those receiving less than 6000 cGy (p = 0.002 and p = 0.004). For @entity0 receiving their second @entity2 course, the 5-year survival rate is 16%, compared with 48% for those not previously irradiated. The Perez modification of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for primary @entity1 was applied to each recurrence. There were 15 Stage I cases (vaginal mucosa), 32 Stage II cases divided between 15 Stage IIA (subvaginal infiltration) and 17 in Stage IIB (parametrial infiltration), and 8 Stage III cases (pelvic wall involvement). The 3-year actuarial survival and pelvic control rates using this staging system are: Stage I: 85%/100%; Stage II: 41%/43%, Stage IIA: 59%/53%, Stage IIB: 26%/35%; Stage III: 13%/0%. These outcome endpoints are significantly better for Stage I than Stage II @entity0 (p = 0.01 _ 0.0004) and for Stages I and IIA compared to Stages IIB and III (p = 0.0005 _ 0.002). The pre-treatment variables of age, interval since hysterectomy, initial stage, and location did not predict for survival, but a higher rate of pelvic control was observed for apical than for suburethral recurrences (56% vs. 20%). Grade III histology was highly correlated with poor survival (p = 0.0006). This @entity1 staging system appears to have value in predicting treatment outcome for @entity0 with post-hysterectomy vaginal recurrences.

title: Vaginal recurrences of XXXX : the prognostic value of staging by a primary @entity1 system.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Thirty-eight @entity0 with Stage B2, C1 or C2 @entity3 (Astler-Coller Modification of Dukes) received 3000 rads whole abdominal radiation and concomitant intermittent bolus @entity4 as part of a phase I-II adjuvant trial. @entity0 whose @entity1 penetrated the serosa (B2 or C2) in addition received a 1600 rad boost to the @entity1 bed. @entity4 was administered only during radiation. It was given at a dose of 300 mg/m2 days 1-5 and 28-32 in 21 @entity0 (Group A) and day 1-3 and 28-31 in 17 @entity0 (Group B). Median follow-up time for Group A is 44 months. Group A @entity0 have a disease-free survival of 66% and overall survival of 73% at 44 months. The 16 C2 @entity0 in Group A have a disease-free survival of 54% and overall survival of 65% at 44 months. There was a 26% incidence of moderate to severe acute @entity2 in Group A but no long term bowel, liver, or hematologic @entity2 . One @entity0 developed @entity5 2 years after treatment. Group B @entity0 had only a 6% incidence of moderate to severe @entity2 , but had a disease-free survival of 60% and overall survival of 100% at median follow-up of 23 months. Group B Stage C2 @entity0 had a disease-free survival of 53% and overall survival of 100% at this same follow-up period. Disease-free and overall survival in Group A Stage C2 @entity0 is superior to that in several published trials. Given the manageable @entity2 , adjuvant whole abdominal radiation with concomitant @entity4 and @entity1 bed boost should be tested in a randomized fashion for possible therapeutic benefits.

title: Phase I-II pilot of whole abdominal radiation and concomitant @entity4 as an adjuvant in XXXX : a Southwest Oncology Group Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Thirty-eight @entity0 with Stage B2, C1 or C2 @entity3 (Astler-Coller Modification of Dukes) received 3000 rads whole abdominal radiation and concomitant intermittent bolus @entity4 as part of a phase I-II adjuvant trial. @entity0 whose @entity1 penetrated the serosa (B2 or C2) in addition received a 1600 rad boost to the @entity1 bed. @entity4 was administered only during radiation. It was given at a dose of 300 mg/m2 days 1-5 and 28-32 in 21 @entity0 (Group A) and day 1-3 and 28-31 in 17 @entity0 (Group B). Median follow-up time for Group A is 44 months. Group A @entity0 have a disease-free survival of 66% and overall survival of 73% at 44 months. The 16 C2 @entity0 in Group A have a disease-free survival of 54% and overall survival of 65% at 44 months. There was a 26% incidence of moderate to severe acute @entity2 in Group A but no long term bowel, liver, or hematologic @entity2 . One @entity0 developed @entity5 2 years after treatment. Group B @entity0 had only a 6% incidence of moderate to severe @entity2 , but had a disease-free survival of 60% and overall survival of 100% at median follow-up of 23 months. Group B Stage C2 @entity0 had a disease-free survival of 53% and overall survival of 100% at this same follow-up period. Disease-free and overall survival in Group A Stage C2 @entity0 is superior to that in several published trials. Given the manageable @entity2 , adjuvant whole abdominal radiation with concomitant @entity4 and @entity1 bed boost should be tested in a randomized fashion for possible therapeutic benefits.

title: Phase I-II pilot of whole abdominal radiation and concomitant XXXX as an adjuvant in @entity3 : a Southwest Oncology Group Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PET has been used to monitor changes in @entity2 metabolism in @entity0 following hormonal therapy. This study was undertaken to determine whether PET imaging could evaluate early metabolic changes in @entity6 following @entity7 ablation therapy. Studies were performed comparing two positron-emitting tracers, @entity9 and @entity15 , in Sprague-Dawley male @entity4 to monitor metabolic changes in normal prostate tissue. Additional studies were performed in @entity3 bearing the CWR22 @entity7 -dependent @entity1 @entity6 to evaluate metabolic changes in @entity6 . In @entity4 , for the @entity7 ablation pretreatment, 1 mg @entity13 ( @entity14 ) was injected subcutaneously 3 and 24 hours before tracer injection. For @entity7 pretreatment, 500 microg @entity10 ( @entity11 ) was injected intraperitoneally 2 and 6 hours before tracer injection. The @entity4 were divided into three groups, Group A (no- @entity14 , no- @entity11 , n = 18), Group B ( @entity14 , no- @entity11 , n = 18) and Group C ( @entity14 , @entity11 , n = 18). In each group, 10 animals received @entity9 , whereas the remaining eight animals were administered @entity15 . @entity4 were sacrificed at 120 min post-injection of @entity9 or 30 min post-injection of @entity15 . Pretreatment of the @entity3 model using @entity11 (200 microg of @entity11 in 0.1 mL of sunflower seed oil) or @entity14 (200 microg of @entity14 in 0.1 mL of sunflower seed oil) was conducted every 2 days for one week. @entity3 were imaged with both tracers in the microPET scanner (Concorde Microsystems Inc.). @entity14 treatment caused a decrease in @entity12 and @entity8 metabolism in the @entity4 prostate. Co-treatment with @entity11 maintained the @entity8 metabolism levels at baseline values. In the @entity2 bearing @entity3 , similar effects were seen in @entity9 study, while there was no significant difference in @entity15 uptake. These results indicate that changes in serum @entity5 levels influence @entity9 uptake in the prostate gland, which is closely tied to @entity8 metabolism, within 24 hours of treatment and in the @entity6 within 1 week. These early metabolic changes could enable monitoring metabolic changes in @entity6 following treatment by imaging using @entity9 PET. Further studies are needed to clarify the reason for the insensitivity of @entity15 for measuring metabolic change in @entity6 .

title: MicroPET assessment of androgenic control of XXXX and @entity12 uptake in the @entity4 prostate and a prostate cancer @entity2 model.

answer: @entity8


abstract: PET has been used to monitor changes in @entity2 metabolism in @entity0 following hormonal therapy. This study was undertaken to determine whether PET imaging could evaluate early metabolic changes in @entity6 following @entity7 ablation therapy. Studies were performed comparing two positron-emitting tracers, @entity9 and @entity15 , in Sprague-Dawley male @entity4 to monitor metabolic changes in normal prostate tissue. Additional studies were performed in @entity3 bearing the CWR22 @entity7 -dependent @entity1 @entity6 to evaluate metabolic changes in @entity6 . In @entity4 , for the @entity7 ablation pretreatment, 1 mg @entity13 ( @entity14 ) was injected subcutaneously 3 and 24 hours before tracer injection. For @entity7 pretreatment, 500 microg @entity10 ( @entity11 ) was injected intraperitoneally 2 and 6 hours before tracer injection. The @entity4 were divided into three groups, Group A (no- @entity14 , no- @entity11 , n = 18), Group B ( @entity14 , no- @entity11 , n = 18) and Group C ( @entity14 , @entity11 , n = 18). In each group, 10 animals received @entity9 , whereas the remaining eight animals were administered @entity15 . @entity4 were sacrificed at 120 min post-injection of @entity9 or 30 min post-injection of @entity15 . Pretreatment of the @entity3 model using @entity11 (200 microg of @entity11 in 0.1 mL of sunflower seed oil) or @entity14 (200 microg of @entity14 in 0.1 mL of sunflower seed oil) was conducted every 2 days for one week. @entity3 were imaged with both tracers in the microPET scanner (Concorde Microsystems Inc.). @entity14 treatment caused a decrease in @entity12 and @entity8 metabolism in the @entity4 prostate. Co-treatment with @entity11 maintained the @entity8 metabolism levels at baseline values. In the @entity2 bearing @entity3 , similar effects were seen in @entity9 study, while there was no significant difference in @entity15 uptake. These results indicate that changes in serum @entity5 levels influence @entity9 uptake in the prostate gland, which is closely tied to @entity8 metabolism, within 24 hours of treatment and in the @entity6 within 1 week. These early metabolic changes could enable monitoring metabolic changes in @entity6 following treatment by imaging using @entity9 PET. Further studies are needed to clarify the reason for the insensitivity of @entity15 for measuring metabolic change in @entity6 .

title: MicroPET assessment of androgenic control of @entity8 and XXXX uptake in the @entity4 prostate and a prostate cancer @entity2 model.

answer: @entity12


abstract: PET has been used to monitor changes in @entity2 metabolism in @entity0 following hormonal therapy. This study was undertaken to determine whether PET imaging could evaluate early metabolic changes in @entity6 following @entity7 ablation therapy. Studies were performed comparing two positron-emitting tracers, @entity9 and @entity15 , in Sprague-Dawley male @entity4 to monitor metabolic changes in normal prostate tissue. Additional studies were performed in @entity3 bearing the CWR22 @entity7 -dependent @entity1 @entity6 to evaluate metabolic changes in @entity6 . In @entity4 , for the @entity7 ablation pretreatment, 1 mg @entity13 ( @entity14 ) was injected subcutaneously 3 and 24 hours before tracer injection. For @entity7 pretreatment, 500 microg @entity10 ( @entity11 ) was injected intraperitoneally 2 and 6 hours before tracer injection. The @entity4 were divided into three groups, Group A (no- @entity14 , no- @entity11 , n = 18), Group B ( @entity14 , no- @entity11 , n = 18) and Group C ( @entity14 , @entity11 , n = 18). In each group, 10 animals received @entity9 , whereas the remaining eight animals were administered @entity15 . @entity4 were sacrificed at 120 min post-injection of @entity9 or 30 min post-injection of @entity15 . Pretreatment of the @entity3 model using @entity11 (200 microg of @entity11 in 0.1 mL of sunflower seed oil) or @entity14 (200 microg of @entity14 in 0.1 mL of sunflower seed oil) was conducted every 2 days for one week. @entity3 were imaged with both tracers in the microPET scanner (Concorde Microsystems Inc.). @entity14 treatment caused a decrease in @entity12 and @entity8 metabolism in the @entity4 prostate. Co-treatment with @entity11 maintained the @entity8 metabolism levels at baseline values. In the @entity2 bearing @entity3 , similar effects were seen in @entity9 study, while there was no significant difference in @entity15 uptake. These results indicate that changes in serum @entity5 levels influence @entity9 uptake in the prostate gland, which is closely tied to @entity8 metabolism, within 24 hours of treatment and in the @entity6 within 1 week. These early metabolic changes could enable monitoring metabolic changes in @entity6 following treatment by imaging using @entity9 PET. Further studies are needed to clarify the reason for the insensitivity of @entity15 for measuring metabolic change in @entity6 .

title: MicroPET assessment of androgenic control of @entity8 and @entity12 uptake in the @entity4 prostate and a prostate cancer XXXX model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PET has been used to monitor changes in @entity2 metabolism in @entity0 following hormonal therapy. This study was undertaken to determine whether PET imaging could evaluate early metabolic changes in @entity6 following @entity7 ablation therapy. Studies were performed comparing two positron-emitting tracers, @entity9 and @entity15 , in Sprague-Dawley male @entity4 to monitor metabolic changes in normal prostate tissue. Additional studies were performed in @entity3 bearing the CWR22 @entity7 -dependent @entity1 @entity6 to evaluate metabolic changes in @entity6 . In @entity4 , for the @entity7 ablation pretreatment, 1 mg @entity13 ( @entity14 ) was injected subcutaneously 3 and 24 hours before tracer injection. For @entity7 pretreatment, 500 microg @entity10 ( @entity11 ) was injected intraperitoneally 2 and 6 hours before tracer injection. The @entity4 were divided into three groups, Group A (no- @entity14 , no- @entity11 , n = 18), Group B ( @entity14 , no- @entity11 , n = 18) and Group C ( @entity14 , @entity11 , n = 18). In each group, 10 animals received @entity9 , whereas the remaining eight animals were administered @entity15 . @entity4 were sacrificed at 120 min post-injection of @entity9 or 30 min post-injection of @entity15 . Pretreatment of the @entity3 model using @entity11 (200 microg of @entity11 in 0.1 mL of sunflower seed oil) or @entity14 (200 microg of @entity14 in 0.1 mL of sunflower seed oil) was conducted every 2 days for one week. @entity3 were imaged with both tracers in the microPET scanner (Concorde Microsystems Inc.). @entity14 treatment caused a decrease in @entity12 and @entity8 metabolism in the @entity4 prostate. Co-treatment with @entity11 maintained the @entity8 metabolism levels at baseline values. In the @entity2 bearing @entity3 , similar effects were seen in @entity9 study, while there was no significant difference in @entity15 uptake. These results indicate that changes in serum @entity5 levels influence @entity9 uptake in the prostate gland, which is closely tied to @entity8 metabolism, within 24 hours of treatment and in the @entity6 within 1 week. These early metabolic changes could enable monitoring metabolic changes in @entity6 following treatment by imaging using @entity9 PET. Further studies are needed to clarify the reason for the insensitivity of @entity15 for measuring metabolic change in @entity6 .

title: MicroPET assessment of androgenic control of @entity8 and @entity12 uptake in the XXXX prostate and a prostate cancer @entity2 model.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Controversy regarding the usefulness of routine histopathological examination of bilateral @entity2 removed during endoscopic sinus surgery to identify occult diagnoses still exists. There is a paucity of high-level evidence in the literature. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Two independent reviewers were used. Pooled proportions and numbers needed to screen were calculated. A cost per life year model was generated based on varying survival benefits and compared to other Canadian screening programs to provide financial context. RESULTS: Six studies (n   =   3772 @entity0 ) were included. Of the 3772 @entity0 , 3751 had a pre-operative clinical and post-operative pathological diagnosis of @entity2 . Agreement proportion was 99.44  %. There were 18 unexpected benign and three unexpected malignant diagnoses identified. This translated to a proportion of 0.48 and 0.08  % respectively. Number needed to screen was 210 and 1258 respectively. Pooled proportion for expected findings using a random effect model was 0.99 (95  % CI   =   0.99-1). Pooled proportion for unexpected benign findings using a random effect model was 0.00522 (95  % CI   =   0.00133-0.01). Pooled proportion for unexpected malignant findings using a random effect model was 0.00107 (95  % CI   =   0.000147-0.00283). The cost to @entity3 up one unexpected benign diagnosis was  14557.2. The cost to @entity3 up 1 unexpected malignant diagnosis was  87204.56. Cost per quality life year calculated ranged from 3211.83 to  64677.58 based on varying assumptions on the survival benefits of identifying an unexpected @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Routine pathological examination in screening for @entity1 may be low yield, however, no compelling evidence was found to cease such practice. Surgeons should exercise individual judgment in requesting routine examination.

title: The usefulness of routine histopathology of bilateral XXXX - a systematic review, meta-analysis, and cost evaluation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Numerous viruses are transmitted in a persistent manner by insect vectors. Persistent viruses establish their initial infection in the midgut epithelium, from where they disseminate to the midgut visceral muscles. Although propagation of viruses in insect vectors can be controlled by the small interfering RNA (siRNA) antiviral pathway, whether the siRNA pathway can control viral dissemination from the midgut epithelium is unknown. A @entity0 virus ( @entity2 , SRBSDV) is restricted its infection in the midgut epithelium of its incompetent vector ( @entity3 , SBPH). Here, we showed that the siRNA pathway was triggered by SRBSDV infection in the continuous cultured cells derived from SBPH and in the midgut of the intact insect. Knockdown of the expression of the core component Dicer-2 of siRNA pathway due to RNA interference strongly increased the propagation ability of SRBSDV in the continuous SBPH cultured cells and in the midgut epithelium, allowing viral titers in the midgut epithelium to reach a certain threshold (1.99 * 10(9) copies of SRBSDV P10 gene/ g midgut RNA) needed for viral dissemination into the SBPH midgut muscles. Our results thus represent the first elucidation of the threshold for viral dissemination from the insect midgut epithelium. The silencing of Dicer-2 further facilitated the transmission of SRBSDV into @entity0 plants by SBPHs. Taken together, our results revealed a new finding that the siRNA pathway can control the initial infection of a virus in the insect midgut epithelium, which finally affected vector competence of a virus. IMPORTANCE: Many viral pathogens that cause significant global health and agricultural problems are transmitted via insect vectors. The first bottleneck for @entity1 , the midgut epithelium, is a principal determinant of the ability of an insect species to transmit a virus. @entity2 (SRBSDV) is exclusively restricted to the midgut epithelium of the incompetent vector @entity3 (SBPH). Here, we show that silencing of the core component Dicer-2 of siRNA pathway increased viral titers in the midgut epithelium past a certain threshold (1.99 * 10(9) copies of SRBSDV P10 gene/ g midgut RNA) for viral dissemination into the midgut muscles, then into the salivary glands, allowing the SBPH to become a competent vector of SRBSDV. This result is the first evidence of a direct role of the siRNA antiviral pathway in controlling viral dissemination from the midgut epithelium and affecting vector competence of a virus.

title: Small interfering RNA pathway modulates initial XXXX in the midgut epithelium of insect after ingestion of virus.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a common disease whose complications have great costs, both in quality of life and expense of treatment. Improving glycemic control, as measured by monitoring glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, can reduce the rate of such complications. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to estimate the lifetime costs associated with @entity5 in a theoretical population receiving @entity6 monotherapy and to predict the health and economic effect of improving glycemic control in this theoretical population by combining @entity6 with @entity8 . METHODS: A pharmacoeconomic model was developed to simulate the long-term (30 years) complication rates (microvascular and macrovascular) of a cohort of @entity0 with @entity1 . The model simulated each year of life for each @entity0 in a theoretical cohort of 10,000 @entity0 until @entity5 were present or @entity4 occurred. The mean accumulated costs (direct medical costs for acute care and subsequent care for @entity5 ), mean survival time, and the frequency of each type of complication were estimated. Both effectiveness and cost data were discounted at 3%. Sensitivity analyses were conducted on key model input parameters. RESULTS: Average costs of treating complications in theoretical @entity0 undergoing @entity6 monotherapy were estimated at  29,565 per @entity0 . Savings of  2,742 were estimated per @entity0 for all complications--particularly, @entity2 ( 1,166) and @entity3 ( 632)--when @entity8 was added. The cost-effectiveness ratio of adding @entity8 to @entity6 was estimated at  27,131 per undiscounted life-year gained (95% CI,  23,710- 28,577) or  43,024 (95% CI,  37,285- 45,193) per additional discounted life-year gained. In the sensitivity analyses, decreasing HbA1c level at baseline, @entity7 c upward drift, and duration of disease improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with @entity8 and @entity6 , compared with @entity6 alone, was predicted to reduce the frequency of complications and, thus, treatment costs in this theoretical model. The major factor in cost savings was fewer complications due to @entity2 . The increased drug treatment costs were expected to be offset by the long-term savings from reducing complication rates.

title: Health and economic effects of adding XXXX to @entity6 to achieve dual control of glycosylated hemoglobin and postprandial glucose levels in a model of @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a common disease whose complications have great costs, both in quality of life and expense of treatment. Improving glycemic control, as measured by monitoring glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, can reduce the rate of such complications. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to estimate the lifetime costs associated with @entity5 in a theoretical population receiving @entity6 monotherapy and to predict the health and economic effect of improving glycemic control in this theoretical population by combining @entity6 with @entity8 . METHODS: A pharmacoeconomic model was developed to simulate the long-term (30 years) complication rates (microvascular and macrovascular) of a cohort of @entity0 with @entity1 . The model simulated each year of life for each @entity0 in a theoretical cohort of 10,000 @entity0 until @entity5 were present or @entity4 occurred. The mean accumulated costs (direct medical costs for acute care and subsequent care for @entity5 ), mean survival time, and the frequency of each type of complication were estimated. Both effectiveness and cost data were discounted at 3%. Sensitivity analyses were conducted on key model input parameters. RESULTS: Average costs of treating complications in theoretical @entity0 undergoing @entity6 monotherapy were estimated at  29,565 per @entity0 . Savings of  2,742 were estimated per @entity0 for all complications--particularly, @entity2 ( 1,166) and @entity3 ( 632)--when @entity8 was added. The cost-effectiveness ratio of adding @entity8 to @entity6 was estimated at  27,131 per undiscounted life-year gained (95% CI,  23,710- 28,577) or  43,024 (95% CI,  37,285- 45,193) per additional discounted life-year gained. In the sensitivity analyses, decreasing HbA1c level at baseline, @entity7 c upward drift, and duration of disease improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with @entity8 and @entity6 , compared with @entity6 alone, was predicted to reduce the frequency of complications and, thus, treatment costs in this theoretical model. The major factor in cost savings was fewer complications due to @entity2 . The increased drug treatment costs were expected to be offset by the long-term savings from reducing complication rates.

title: Health and economic effects of adding @entity8 to @entity6 to achieve dual control of glycosylated hemoglobin and postprandial glucose levels in a model of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a common disease whose complications have great costs, both in quality of life and expense of treatment. Improving glycemic control, as measured by monitoring glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, can reduce the rate of such complications. OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to estimate the lifetime costs associated with @entity5 in a theoretical population receiving @entity6 monotherapy and to predict the health and economic effect of improving glycemic control in this theoretical population by combining @entity6 with @entity8 . METHODS: A pharmacoeconomic model was developed to simulate the long-term (30 years) complication rates (microvascular and macrovascular) of a cohort of @entity0 with @entity1 . The model simulated each year of life for each @entity0 in a theoretical cohort of 10,000 @entity0 until @entity5 were present or @entity4 occurred. The mean accumulated costs (direct medical costs for acute care and subsequent care for @entity5 ), mean survival time, and the frequency of each type of complication were estimated. Both effectiveness and cost data were discounted at 3%. Sensitivity analyses were conducted on key model input parameters. RESULTS: Average costs of treating complications in theoretical @entity0 undergoing @entity6 monotherapy were estimated at  29,565 per @entity0 . Savings of  2,742 were estimated per @entity0 for all complications--particularly, @entity2 ( 1,166) and @entity3 ( 632)--when @entity8 was added. The cost-effectiveness ratio of adding @entity8 to @entity6 was estimated at  27,131 per undiscounted life-year gained (95% CI,  23,710- 28,577) or  43,024 (95% CI,  37,285- 45,193) per additional discounted life-year gained. In the sensitivity analyses, decreasing HbA1c level at baseline, @entity7 c upward drift, and duration of disease improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with @entity8 and @entity6 , compared with @entity6 alone, was predicted to reduce the frequency of complications and, thus, treatment costs in this theoretical model. The major factor in cost savings was fewer complications due to @entity2 . The increased drug treatment costs were expected to be offset by the long-term savings from reducing complication rates.

title: Health and economic effects of adding @entity8 to XXXX to achieve dual control of glycosylated hemoglobin and postprandial glucose levels in a model of @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity0 with @entity6 are frequently asymptomatic. Several follow-up strategies have been used to detect @entity8 or @entity2 in asymptomatic @entity0 . Different investigators have used quite different criteria to define @entity0 at high risk. This study was done to evaluate these different approaches to selecting @entity0 who should be monitored with electrocardiograms (ECG) or enzymes, or both, postoperatively, as well as different strategies for the timing of follow-up evaluation. A total of 232 @entity0 , mostly @entity4 or @entity1 , were evaluated before undergoing elective operations and were observed serially from the day of the operation until discharge or the sixth postoperative day with daily clinical evaluations, ECG and @entity7 kinase isoenzymes. Several follow-up strategies used in recent studies were evaluated for sensitivity and specificity in identifying the @entity0 who had postoperative @entity8 or @entity2 . The most sensitive strategies would obtain ECG in asymptomatic @entity0 on the day of the operation and the first two postoperative days. Several criteria for defining a high risk population were evaluated, including type of operation, age, history of @entity5 , Goldman's cardiac risk classification and the results of the preoperative ECG. Monitoring of @entity0 with an abnormal preoperative ECG would have identified 88 per cent of the @entity0 with @entity6 and 63 per cent of the @entity0 with definite @entity2 . Goldman's risk class identified @entity0 with a normal ECG who were at higher risk for @entity3 .

title: Surveillance for XXXX after noncardiac operations.

answer: @entity6


abstract: We reviewed 123 consecutive @entity0 who underwent esophageal function testing to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of the syndrome of @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Twenty-eight @entity0 (23%) were found to have @entity7 , including 16 males and 12 females with a median age of 54 years. Barium esophograms yielded no evidence of @entity6 , while 35% of those tested had pathologic gastroesophageal acid reflux. Twenty (71%) were initially referred for evaluation of @entity4 -like @entity3 , and 8 were referred with other symptoms. Of those with @entity3 , 19 initially underwent extensive evaluation for @entity2 before the diagnosis of @entity7 . Symptoms of @entity1 , and @entity5 were absent or minimal in most @entity0 . Lower esophageal sphincter pressure was normal in 27 @entity0 , and lower esophageal sphincter relaxation was normal in all @entity0 . Mean distal esophageal peak peristaltic pressure was 147.8 mm Hg, while the highest peak peristaltic pressure for each @entity0 averaged 193.2 mm Hg. Seven @entity0 had mean peristaltic wave durations of more than 7 seconds. @entity0 with atypical @entity3 or those with typical @entity4 in whom @entity2 is eliminated as a possible cause should be evaluated for @entity7 with esophageal manometry. @entity0 with symptoms are usually successfully treated with smooth muscle relaxants, and surgical intervention is rarely necessary.

title: XXXX -like @entity3 associated with @entity7 of the esophagus.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We reviewed 123 consecutive @entity0 who underwent esophageal function testing to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of the syndrome of @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Twenty-eight @entity0 (23%) were found to have @entity7 , including 16 males and 12 females with a median age of 54 years. Barium esophograms yielded no evidence of @entity6 , while 35% of those tested had pathologic gastroesophageal acid reflux. Twenty (71%) were initially referred for evaluation of @entity4 -like @entity3 , and 8 were referred with other symptoms. Of those with @entity3 , 19 initially underwent extensive evaluation for @entity2 before the diagnosis of @entity7 . Symptoms of @entity1 , and @entity5 were absent or minimal in most @entity0 . Lower esophageal sphincter pressure was normal in 27 @entity0 , and lower esophageal sphincter relaxation was normal in all @entity0 . Mean distal esophageal peak peristaltic pressure was 147.8 mm Hg, while the highest peak peristaltic pressure for each @entity0 averaged 193.2 mm Hg. Seven @entity0 had mean peristaltic wave durations of more than 7 seconds. @entity0 with atypical @entity3 or those with typical @entity4 in whom @entity2 is eliminated as a possible cause should be evaluated for @entity7 with esophageal manometry. @entity0 with symptoms are usually successfully treated with smooth muscle relaxants, and surgical intervention is rarely necessary.

title: @entity4 -like @entity3 associated with XXXX of the esophagus.

answer: @entity7


abstract: We reviewed 123 consecutive @entity0 who underwent esophageal function testing to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of the syndrome of @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Twenty-eight @entity0 (23%) were found to have @entity7 , including 16 males and 12 females with a median age of 54 years. Barium esophograms yielded no evidence of @entity6 , while 35% of those tested had pathologic gastroesophageal acid reflux. Twenty (71%) were initially referred for evaluation of @entity4 -like @entity3 , and 8 were referred with other symptoms. Of those with @entity3 , 19 initially underwent extensive evaluation for @entity2 before the diagnosis of @entity7 . Symptoms of @entity1 , and @entity5 were absent or minimal in most @entity0 . Lower esophageal sphincter pressure was normal in 27 @entity0 , and lower esophageal sphincter relaxation was normal in all @entity0 . Mean distal esophageal peak peristaltic pressure was 147.8 mm Hg, while the highest peak peristaltic pressure for each @entity0 averaged 193.2 mm Hg. Seven @entity0 had mean peristaltic wave durations of more than 7 seconds. @entity0 with atypical @entity3 or those with typical @entity4 in whom @entity2 is eliminated as a possible cause should be evaluated for @entity7 with esophageal manometry. @entity0 with symptoms are usually successfully treated with smooth muscle relaxants, and surgical intervention is rarely necessary.

title: @entity4 -like XXXX associated with @entity7 of the esophagus.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 due to unilateral @entity5 -producing adenoma (APA) is a surgically curable form of @entity2 . Bilateral APA can also be surgically curable in theory but few successful cases can be found in the literature. It has been reported that even using successful adrenal venous sampling (AVS) via bilateral adrenal central veins, it is extremely difficult to differentiate bilateral APA from bilateral @entity4 ( @entity4 ) harbouring computed tomography (CT)-detectable bilateral adrenocortical nodules. We report a case of bilateral APA diagnosed by segmental AVS (S-AVS) and blood sampling via intra-adrenal first-degree tributary veins to localize the sites of intra-adrenal hormone production. A 36-year-old @entity0 with marked long-standing @entity2 was referred to us with a clinical diagnosis of bilateral APA. He had typical clinical and laboratory profiles of marked @entity2 , hypokalaemia, elevated plasma @entity5 concentration (PAC) of 45.1   ng   dl(-1) and @entity5 @entity3 activity ratio of 90.2 (ng   dl(-1) per ng   ml(-1   )h(-1)), which was still high after 50   mg- @entity6 loading. CT revealed @entity1 of 10 and 12   mm in diameter on the right and left sides, respectively. S-AVS confirmed excess @entity5 secretion from a @entity1 segment vein and suppressed secretion from a @entity1 segment vein bilaterally, leading to the diagnosis of bilateral APA. The @entity0 underwent simultaneous bilateral sparing adrenalectomy. Histopathological analysis of the resected adrenals together with decreased blood pressure and PAC of 5.2   ng   dl(-1) confirmed the removal of bilateral APA. S-AVS was reliable to differentiate bilateral APA from @entity4 by direct evaluation of intra-adrenal hormone production.Journal of @entity0 @entity2 advance online publication, 5 November 2015; doi:10.1038/jhh.2015.100.

title: A case of bilateral XXXX -producing adenomas differentiated by segmental adrenal venous sampling for bilateral adrenal sparing surgery.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Although early-life stress is a significant risk factor for developing @entity2 , including @entity4 ( @entity4 ), the underlying mechanisms are unclear. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is disrupted in individuals with @entity4 and early-life stress and hence may mediate the effects of early-life stress on @entity4 risk. We hypothesized that @entity5 hyper-signaling in the forebrain during early development is sufficient to increase response to @entity1 in adulthood. To test this hypothesis, we induced transient, forebrain-specific, @entity5 overexpression during early-life (pre-puberty, CRHOEdev) in double-mutant @entity0 (Camk2a-rtta2 * tetO- @entity5 ) and tested their behavioral and gene expression responses to the predator stress model of @entity4 in adulthood. In one cohort of CRHOEdev exposed and unexposed @entity0 , avoidance and arousal behaviors were examined 7-15 days after exposure to predator stress. In another cohort, gene expression changes in @entity8 , @entity6 , and @entity7 in forebrain of CRHOEdev exposed and unexposed @entity0 were examined 7 days after predator stress. CRHOEdev induced robust increases in @entity3 reactivity and reductions in @entity3 inhibition independently of predator stress in both male and female @entity0 . Avoidance behaviors after predator stress were highly dependent on sex and CRHOEdev exposure. Whereas stressed females exhibited robust avoidance responses that were not altered by CRHOEdev, males developed significant avoidance only when exposed to both CRHOEdev and stress. Quantitative real-time-PCR analysis indicated that CRHOEdev unexposed males exhibit significant changes in @entity6 expression in the amygdala and bed nucleus stria terminalis in response to stress, whereas males exposed to CRHOEdev did not. Similar to CRHOEdev males, females exhibited no significant @entity6 gene expression changes in response to stress. Cortical @entity7 expression was also significantly reduced by stress and CRHOEdev exposure in males, but not in females. These findings indicate that forebrain @entity5 hyper-signaling in early-life is sufficient to increase enduring effects of adult @entity1 and attenuate @entity6 expression changes in response to stress in males. These data support growing evidence for significant sex differences in response to @entity1 , and support further study of @entity6 as a candidate mechanism for @entity4 risk.

title: Overexpression of Forebrain @entity5 During Early Life Increases XXXX Susceptibility in Adulthood.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Although early-life stress is a significant risk factor for developing @entity2 , including @entity4 ( @entity4 ), the underlying mechanisms are unclear. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is disrupted in individuals with @entity4 and early-life stress and hence may mediate the effects of early-life stress on @entity4 risk. We hypothesized that @entity5 hyper-signaling in the forebrain during early development is sufficient to increase response to @entity1 in adulthood. To test this hypothesis, we induced transient, forebrain-specific, @entity5 overexpression during early-life (pre-puberty, CRHOEdev) in double-mutant @entity0 (Camk2a-rtta2 * tetO- @entity5 ) and tested their behavioral and gene expression responses to the predator stress model of @entity4 in adulthood. In one cohort of CRHOEdev exposed and unexposed @entity0 , avoidance and arousal behaviors were examined 7-15 days after exposure to predator stress. In another cohort, gene expression changes in @entity8 , @entity6 , and @entity7 in forebrain of CRHOEdev exposed and unexposed @entity0 were examined 7 days after predator stress. CRHOEdev induced robust increases in @entity3 reactivity and reductions in @entity3 inhibition independently of predator stress in both male and female @entity0 . Avoidance behaviors after predator stress were highly dependent on sex and CRHOEdev exposure. Whereas stressed females exhibited robust avoidance responses that were not altered by CRHOEdev, males developed significant avoidance only when exposed to both CRHOEdev and stress. Quantitative real-time-PCR analysis indicated that CRHOEdev unexposed males exhibit significant changes in @entity6 expression in the amygdala and bed nucleus stria terminalis in response to stress, whereas males exposed to CRHOEdev did not. Similar to CRHOEdev males, females exhibited no significant @entity6 gene expression changes in response to stress. Cortical @entity7 expression was also significantly reduced by stress and CRHOEdev exposure in males, but not in females. These findings indicate that forebrain @entity5 hyper-signaling in early-life is sufficient to increase enduring effects of adult @entity1 and attenuate @entity6 expression changes in response to stress in males. These data support growing evidence for significant sex differences in response to @entity1 , and support further study of @entity6 as a candidate mechanism for @entity4 risk.

title: Overexpression of Forebrain XXXX During Early Life Increases @entity1 Susceptibility in Adulthood.

answer: @entity5


abstract: In comparison with the results of Dukes the percentage of stage Dukes A of @entity1 could be increased from 15% to about 27%, whereas the percentage of stage Dukes C decreased from 51 to 40% in some international medical centers during the seventies of this century. Our results in Styria are comparable. However, there was no further progress in the early diagnosis of @entity1 in Styria from 1984 to 1986 (42% of Dukes C stage cases) as compared with 1974 to 1979 (41% of Dukes C stage cases). The percentage of @entity0 increased from 3% (1974 bis 1979) to 9% (1984 to 1986) of all curatively treated @entity2 . Because of the fact that the @entity0 (stage pT1pNx) could not be classified according to Dukes, the percentage of Dukes stage A decreased from 30% (1974 to 1979) to 24% (1984 to 1986). But the small numbers of @entity0 did not significantly influence the percentage of Dukes C stages. There was only partial success in the predominantly rural areas in which the percentage of Dukes C stages decreased from 47% (1974 to 1979) to 39% (1984 to 1986). 39% Dukes stage C in rural areas correspond to the percentage of the predominantly municipal areas (40%). This progress can be explained by the availability of colonoscopy to all hospitals in 1984 to 1986, which was not the case previously.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Classification of XXXX : current results from the catchment area of the Graz Institute of Pathology].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Ten @entity0 were treated with oral @entity3 for frequent @entity2 during a short-term, dose-ranging, single blind inpatient trial followed by open label long-term therapy for 2 years. During dose ranging, @entity0 received placebo followed by 50, 75 and 100 mg of @entity3 three times daily. Eight of the 10 @entity0 achieved greater than or equal to 80% reduction in @entity2 during inpatient therapy. Mean @entity2 decreased from 15,792/24 h to 2,357/24 h on optimal dosage (p less than 0.01). Nine @entity0 had paired @entity2 ; four of the nine had greater than or equal to 99% reduction of these beats. Among seven @entity0 with nonsustained @entity1 , five had 100% elimination of these events with @entity3 and all had greater than or equal to 90% reduction in these events. @entity3 prolonged the PR interval 44 +/- 27 ms (p less than 0.0001) and the QRS interval 11 +/- 9 ms (p less than 0.0001) from baseline without prolongation of the QTc or JTc interval. The mean trough plasma level of @entity3 on optimal dosage was 409 +/- 173 ng/ml and the mean plasma elimination half-life was 10.3 +/- 2.3 h (range 7.1 to 14.2). No adverse hemodynamic effects of @entity3 were detected. Side effects during short-term therapy were mild and did not require discontinuation of the drug. Efficacy was maintained for some @entity0 during long-term therapy for 2 years, although five @entity0 discontinued therapy because of loss of efficacy or side effects. @entity3 is a highly effective and well tolerated antiarrhythmic drug for suppression of frequent and repetitive @entity2 .

title: XXXX for treatment of @entity2 : efficacy, pharmacokinetics, hemodynamic effects and safety.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Ten @entity0 were treated with oral @entity3 for frequent @entity2 during a short-term, dose-ranging, single blind inpatient trial followed by open label long-term therapy for 2 years. During dose ranging, @entity0 received placebo followed by 50, 75 and 100 mg of @entity3 three times daily. Eight of the 10 @entity0 achieved greater than or equal to 80% reduction in @entity2 during inpatient therapy. Mean @entity2 decreased from 15,792/24 h to 2,357/24 h on optimal dosage (p less than 0.01). Nine @entity0 had paired @entity2 ; four of the nine had greater than or equal to 99% reduction of these beats. Among seven @entity0 with nonsustained @entity1 , five had 100% elimination of these events with @entity3 and all had greater than or equal to 90% reduction in these events. @entity3 prolonged the PR interval 44 +/- 27 ms (p less than 0.0001) and the QRS interval 11 +/- 9 ms (p less than 0.0001) from baseline without prolongation of the QTc or JTc interval. The mean trough plasma level of @entity3 on optimal dosage was 409 +/- 173 ng/ml and the mean plasma elimination half-life was 10.3 +/- 2.3 h (range 7.1 to 14.2). No adverse hemodynamic effects of @entity3 were detected. Side effects during short-term therapy were mild and did not require discontinuation of the drug. Efficacy was maintained for some @entity0 during long-term therapy for 2 years, although five @entity0 discontinued therapy because of loss of efficacy or side effects. @entity3 is a highly effective and well tolerated antiarrhythmic drug for suppression of frequent and repetitive @entity2 .

title: @entity3 for treatment of XXXX : efficacy, pharmacokinetics, hemodynamic effects and safety.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The usual @entity1 intake in a community-based sample of subjects aged 70 years and over was investigated. A sample of 825 subjects was drawn from the records of five general practices in a rural township and 774 subjects (93.8%) agreed to participate. A stratified sub-sample of subjects from the abstainers, infrequent, weekly, and daily drinkers was subsequently investigated in more detail. @entity0 took @entity1 more frequently than @entity0 and in greater quantities although frequency and amount decreased with age. The usual place for drinking was the home. The highest use of psychotropic drugs occurred in the abstainers, but this was significant for @entity0 only. When compared with drinking patterns in middle age, 60.1% of @entity0 and 30.3% of @entity0 said that they took less @entity1 , while 7.4% of @entity0 and 11.1% of @entity0 said that they took more. The main reasons for decrease in @entity1 intake were change in health and fewer social opportunities. The main reasons for increase in @entity1 intake were more money and more time. Drinking was most commonly associated with social activities and few took @entity1 to help cope with personal situations.

title: XXXX use in a community-based sample of subjects aged 70 years and older.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The cardiovascular response to a controlled aversive stress was investigated both before and during acute @entity1 . Classical aversive conditioning (a 30-s tone reinforced with a 1-s shock) served as the model of stress while anterior wall @entity1 was induced by the occlusion (hydraulic occluder) of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The conditional response consisted of significant increases (P less than 0.01) in mean arterial pressure (AP, 13.8 +/- 1.9 mm Hg, 14.3%), left ventricular (LV) dP/dtmax (1300 +/- 324 mm Hg/s, 34.7%) and heart rate (HR, 44 +/- 4 beats/min, 46.8%). Mean coronary vascular resistance significantly (P less than 0.01) increased first (CVR, 0.52 +/- 0.18 mm Hg/ml/min, 17.2%), then decreased (0.77 +/- 0.14 mm Hg/ml/min, 25.5%). In contrast, during acute @entity1 both the HR and d(LVP)/dtmax conditional response were significantly reduced (P less than 0.01) by 58 and 54%, respectively (HR, 20.7 +/- 3.8 beats/min, d(LVP)/dt, 756 +/- 226 mm Hg/s). In addition, the initial CVR increase was virtually eliminated (0.13 +/- 0.10 mm Hg/ml/min, 74.0% reduction) while the CVR decrease was significantly reduced (P less than 0.01) by 48% (0.40 +/- 0.15 mm Hg/ml/min) during the @entity2 . The mean AP response, however, was not affected by @entity1 . The pre-conditional stimulus cardiovascular variables were similarly unaffected by the @entity2 . Thus, @entity2 attenuated both the coronary and cardiac response elicited by an aversive stress. The mechanism mediating this inhibition of the conditional response remains to be determined but may involve the activation of vagal depressor reflexes during the acute @entity0 .

title: The effect of XXXX on the cardiovascular response to an aversive stress.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a distinct age-related clinical entity. Its etiopathogenesis is largely insubstantial. Nevertheless, it seems to be an outcome of interplay of maternal and inheritance, pregnancy/intrauterine and environmental factors. Besides, @entity2 , and nutritional supplements also play essential roles. Its diagnosis has been perpetuated by three or more major/minor criteria. OBJECTIVES: An endeavor to study its demographic and clinical pattern in contemporary prospective. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 100 fresh @entity0 of @entity1 , diagnosed on the basis of an established three or more major and minor criteria, salient presentations of which were recorded in a preset proforma, which also recorded age, duration, age of onset, and sex. Serum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) levels were determined by conventional technique. The data thus obtained was analysed to study its clinical pattern and to correlate its severity to @entity3 levels. RESULTS: Its overall (new and old) prevalence was 0.98%, while that of new @entity0 was 0.24%. 83 (83%) were in the age group of 2-12 years, of which 54 (83.1%) were males and 29 (82.9%) were female, of which 70 (70%) had urban, while 30 (30%) had rural background. Its duration varied from 8 to 192 weeks, with a mean of 76 weeks, and a standard deviation of 21.42 weeks [76    21.42]. CONCLUSION: @entity1 is a discrete, overt, age and @entity3 -related entity frequently displaying varying demographic and clinical connotation.

title: XXXX : A Cross-Sectional (Descriptive) Study of 100 Cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Melasma is a common acquired cause of @entity5 with no definitive therapy. @entity1 , a @entity2 inhibitor, has demonstrated depigmenting properties and combining this oral drug with other modalities of treatment has shown promising results. OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of a combination of oral @entity1 and @entity8 -based triple combination cream with that of @entity8 -based triple combination cream alone in @entity3 among Indian @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 @entity0 of @entity3 of either sex attending to dermatology OPD were enrolled in this study. @entity0 were randomly divided into two groups with 20 @entity0 in each group. Group A @entity0 were asked to apply the cream only and Group B @entity0 received oral @entity1 250 mg twice daily and applied a triple combination cream containing @entity7 0.01%, @entity4 0.05%, and @entity6 2% once daily for 8 weeks. Response was evaluated using @entity3 area severity index (MASI) at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. RESULTS: 40 @entity0 completed the study. The MASI scores at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks in group A were 15.425 + 1.09, 11.075 + 9.167 and 6.995 + 6.056 respectively and in group B 18.243 + 1.05, 6.135 + 4.94 and 2.19 + 3.38. Intergroup comparison showed a faster reduction in pigmentation in Group B as compared to Group A and the results were statistically significant at 4 weeks (P value 0.014) and 8 weeks (P value 0.000). The efficacy was maintained throughout the 6-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Addition of oral @entity1 to @entity8 -based triple combination cream results in a faster and sustained improvement in the treatment of @entity3 .

title: Oral @entity1 with XXXX -Based Triple Combination Cream Versus @entity8 -Based Triple Combination Cream Alone in Melasma: An Open Labeled Randomized Comparative Trial.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Melasma is a common acquired cause of @entity5 with no definitive therapy. @entity1 , a @entity2 inhibitor, has demonstrated depigmenting properties and combining this oral drug with other modalities of treatment has shown promising results. OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of a combination of oral @entity1 and @entity8 -based triple combination cream with that of @entity8 -based triple combination cream alone in @entity3 among Indian @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 @entity0 of @entity3 of either sex attending to dermatology OPD were enrolled in this study. @entity0 were randomly divided into two groups with 20 @entity0 in each group. Group A @entity0 were asked to apply the cream only and Group B @entity0 received oral @entity1 250 mg twice daily and applied a triple combination cream containing @entity7 0.01%, @entity4 0.05%, and @entity6 2% once daily for 8 weeks. Response was evaluated using @entity3 area severity index (MASI) at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. RESULTS: 40 @entity0 completed the study. The MASI scores at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks in group A were 15.425 + 1.09, 11.075 + 9.167 and 6.995 + 6.056 respectively and in group B 18.243 + 1.05, 6.135 + 4.94 and 2.19 + 3.38. Intergroup comparison showed a faster reduction in pigmentation in Group B as compared to Group A and the results were statistically significant at 4 weeks (P value 0.014) and 8 weeks (P value 0.000). The efficacy was maintained throughout the 6-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Addition of oral @entity1 to @entity8 -based triple combination cream results in a faster and sustained improvement in the treatment of @entity3 .

title: Oral @entity1 with @entity8 -Based Triple Combination Cream Versus XXXX -Based Triple Combination Cream Alone in Melasma: An Open Labeled Randomized Comparative Trial.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Melasma is a common acquired cause of @entity5 with no definitive therapy. @entity1 , a @entity2 inhibitor, has demonstrated depigmenting properties and combining this oral drug with other modalities of treatment has shown promising results. OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of a combination of oral @entity1 and @entity8 -based triple combination cream with that of @entity8 -based triple combination cream alone in @entity3 among Indian @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 @entity0 of @entity3 of either sex attending to dermatology OPD were enrolled in this study. @entity0 were randomly divided into two groups with 20 @entity0 in each group. Group A @entity0 were asked to apply the cream only and Group B @entity0 received oral @entity1 250 mg twice daily and applied a triple combination cream containing @entity7 0.01%, @entity4 0.05%, and @entity6 2% once daily for 8 weeks. Response was evaluated using @entity3 area severity index (MASI) at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. RESULTS: 40 @entity0 completed the study. The MASI scores at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks in group A were 15.425 + 1.09, 11.075 + 9.167 and 6.995 + 6.056 respectively and in group B 18.243 + 1.05, 6.135 + 4.94 and 2.19 + 3.38. Intergroup comparison showed a faster reduction in pigmentation in Group B as compared to Group A and the results were statistically significant at 4 weeks (P value 0.014) and 8 weeks (P value 0.000). The efficacy was maintained throughout the 6-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Addition of oral @entity1 to @entity8 -based triple combination cream results in a faster and sustained improvement in the treatment of @entity3 .

title: Oral XXXX with @entity8 -Based Triple Combination Cream Versus @entity8 -Based Triple Combination Cream Alone in Melasma: An Open Labeled Randomized Comparative Trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A series of 14 @entity0 with @entity5 after carotid endarterectomy is reviewed. This complication occurred in 0.6% of 2362 consecutive carotid endarterectomies performed at the Mayo Clinic from 1972 through 1986. All @entity3 occurred within the first 2 weeks after operation and were ipsilateral to the side of the operation. Eight @entity0 died, and only two made a good recovery. Significant risk factors are @entity1 and chronic @entity7 with impaired autoregulation. The "normal pressure-hyperperfusion breakthrough" syndrome was considered to be operative in 12 of the 14 @entity0 . Nine @entity0 had documented hyperperfusion (at least 100% increase of baseline cerebral blood flow) at the time of surgery. In an additional three @entity0 , normal perfusion-pressure breakthrough was inferred by the clinical course and radiological findings, as well as by the absence of alternative explanations. @entity0 at risk for postendarterectomy @entity5 include those who have a clinical history suggestive of @entity6 , severe @entity2 with limited hemispheric collateral flow, and postendarterectomy hyperperfusion, as measured by intraoperative cerebral blood flow. To minimize the risk of @entity3 in these @entity0 , strict maintenance of blood pressure at normotensive or even relatively @entity4 levels during the intraoperative and early postoperative periods is advised.

title: XXXX after carotid endarterectomy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Accumulative epidemiological evidence suggests that polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors signaling pathway elucidated the cellular and molecular mechanisms of @entity0 diseases whose gaining a primordial importance. The aim of our study is to identify the role of @entity4 ( @entity10 ), @entity7 ( @entity11 ), @entity5 ( @entity9 ) and @entity8 ( @entity12 ) gene polymorphisms with the evolution of cervical @entity1 in Tunisian @entity0 . Blood samples were collected from histopathologically confirmed @entity0 with cervical @entity1 and unrelated healthy female controls of similar ethnicity. Genotyping of the analyzed polymorphisms were done using Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. For the @entity4 , Ins/Ins genotype is a protector factor [p  =  0.006; OR: 0.35(0.16-0.73)] and the dominant genotype of @entity7 increased the risk of CC in stage (III+IV); C/C versuss C/T [p  =  0.033; OR: 2.03(1.00-4.13)] and C/C versus C/T+T/T [p  =  0.036; OR: 1.93(1.00-3.74)]. For @entity5 , the dominant genotype @entity3 / @entity3 is implicated in the occurrence of CC in stage (I+II) [p  =  0.000; OR: 4.55(1.58-13.06)], [p  =  0.001; OR: 3.49(1.44-8.45)] and in stage (III+IV) [p  =  0.038; OR: 3.77(0.87-16.29)], [p  =  0.007; OR: 5.21(1.65-16.46)] and the major allele @entity3 is a risk factor for the development of @entity1 in stage (I+II). The @entity4 Ins/Del genotype is associated with @entity1 evolution to stage (III+IV) [p  =  0.003; OR: 3.00 (1.22-7.35)] and the genotypes @entity6 / @entity6 and @entity3 / @entity6 + @entity6 / @entity6 and @entity6 allele of @entity5 are implicated in @entity1 evolution to the advanced stages. Further, @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity5 and @entity8 gene polymorphisms are implicated in the modulation of CC risk due to @entity2 usage and statue of menopause among cases. Our study suggests a relationship between the incidence of the @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity5 and @entity8 mutations and the clinical progression of CC according to the FIGO classification. However, future studies with different demographic and clinical characteristics in ethnically diverse populations may provide a more comprehensive involvement of innate immunity in cervical @entity1 etiology in @entity0 worldwide.

title: Evaluation of Toll-Like Receptors 2/3/4/9 Gene Polymorphisms in Cervical XXXX Evolution.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) are rare @entity1 compared with @entity6 . Optimal surgical management of @entity6 is controversial. The objective of this article was to review the outcomes and complications of @entity6 treated with various surgical approaches. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 18 @entity0 with @entity6 who received different treatment strategies during the period 2000-2014. Of 18 @entity0 , 17 underwent microsurgical resection, and 1 @entity0 received Gamma Knife radiosurgery. The literature was reviewed to compare the present cohort with previously published series. RESULTS: In our series, 12 (70%) @entity0 underwent parieto-occipital craniotomy and a superior parietal gyrus approach, which was similar to procedures used in various series (74.4%) in the existing literature. Preoperatively, @entity0 commonly presented with @entity2 (65%) and @entity3 (70%). After surgical management, there was a significant @entity5 , including @entity2 (preoperative 65% vs. postoperative 6%, P  = 0.0001), and @entity3 (preoperative 70% vs. postoperative 5.5%). Preoperatively, 2 @entity0 experienced @entity4 , which was completely resolved after surgery. The Karnofsky performance scale was significantly improved after resection compared with before treatment (89 vs. 76, P  = 0.003). In 4 @entity0 with World Health Organization grade II @entity1 , redo surgery was required because of recurrence of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Based on a literature review and our experience, surgical approaches for @entity0 with IVM vary according to size, location, and laterality of the @entity6 . In addition, the growth pattern of the @entity1 (transependymal extension), vascular supply of the @entity1 , and brain function (particularly visual function) can affect surgical treatment and should be identified preoperatively.

title: XXXX : Technical Nuances in Surgical Management.

answer: @entity6


abstract: STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Although numerous @entity0 materials are available, information is limited regarding the pressures that can atraumatically produce sufficient @entity0 for a successful impression. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in  vitro study was to measure pressure and the resulting movement of artificial gingiva during simulated @entity0 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: An idealized tooth model was made from acrylic resin and @entity1 to simulate the free gingiva, sulcus, and attachment. The pressure and displacement achieved by 3 materials ( @entity2 , @entity2 New, and KnitTrax Cord) were measured. A stereoscopic digital measuring microscope was used to quantify the space generated by the displacement material. A pressure gauge was used to measure the corresponding pressures. RESULTS: The injection of @entity2 resulted in a displacement distance of 1.31 mm, @entity2 New 1.07  mm, and KnitTrax Cord 0.85 mm, which are within acceptable clinical parameters. The correlation between pressure and gap showed that @entity2 and @entity2 New behaved similarly, while KnitTrax Cord was different. @entity2 , @entity2 New, and KnitTrax Cord all had maximum pressures that would be considered atraumatic to the epithelial attachment. CONCLUSIONS: An increase in pressure resulted in an increase in displacement for the 2 paste materials. However, contrary to expectation, displacement decreased as pressure increased for the cord material.

title: Correlation of pressure and displacement during XXXX : An in  vitro study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The extent of the benefit of @entity5 in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is still controversial when compared with @entity3 . This meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of @entity5 with @entity3 for different @entity0 with advanced @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, and identified 23 randomized controlled clinical trials from 2008 to 2015. According to our further full-text screening, 6 clinical trials were included in the final meta-analysis. RESULTS: Six papers were included in this study. The progression-free survival (PFS), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), objective response rate (ORR), and @entity1 were included in our outcomes. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) of PFS was 1.57 (95% confidential index [CI] = 1.47-1.69). The pooled HR of @entity4 was 1.66 (95% CI = 1.43-1.92). The pooled risk ratio of ORR was 0.56 (95% CI = 0.35-0.91). The @entity1 analysis showed odds ratio = 1.79 (95% CI = 1.20-2.69). CONCLUSIONS: In terms of PFS, @entity4 , and @entity1 the effect of @entity5 in the treatment of advanced @entity2 @entity0 is superior to @entity3 .

title: A meta-analysis of @entity5 versus @entity3 for XXXX with poor prognosis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The extent of the benefit of @entity5 in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is still controversial when compared with @entity3 . This meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of @entity5 with @entity3 for different @entity0 with advanced @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, and identified 23 randomized controlled clinical trials from 2008 to 2015. According to our further full-text screening, 6 clinical trials were included in the final meta-analysis. RESULTS: Six papers were included in this study. The progression-free survival (PFS), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), objective response rate (ORR), and @entity1 were included in our outcomes. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) of PFS was 1.57 (95% confidential index [CI] = 1.47-1.69). The pooled HR of @entity4 was 1.66 (95% CI = 1.43-1.92). The pooled risk ratio of ORR was 0.56 (95% CI = 0.35-0.91). The @entity1 analysis showed odds ratio = 1.79 (95% CI = 1.20-2.69). CONCLUSIONS: In terms of PFS, @entity4 , and @entity1 the effect of @entity5 in the treatment of advanced @entity2 @entity0 is superior to @entity3 .

title: A meta-analysis of XXXX versus @entity3 for @entity2 with poor prognosis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The extent of the benefit of @entity5 in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is still controversial when compared with @entity3 . This meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of @entity5 with @entity3 for different @entity0 with advanced @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, and identified 23 randomized controlled clinical trials from 2008 to 2015. According to our further full-text screening, 6 clinical trials were included in the final meta-analysis. RESULTS: Six papers were included in this study. The progression-free survival (PFS), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), objective response rate (ORR), and @entity1 were included in our outcomes. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) of PFS was 1.57 (95% confidential index [CI] = 1.47-1.69). The pooled HR of @entity4 was 1.66 (95% CI = 1.43-1.92). The pooled risk ratio of ORR was 0.56 (95% CI = 0.35-0.91). The @entity1 analysis showed odds ratio = 1.79 (95% CI = 1.20-2.69). CONCLUSIONS: In terms of PFS, @entity4 , and @entity1 the effect of @entity5 in the treatment of advanced @entity2 @entity0 is superior to @entity3 .

title: A meta-analysis of @entity5 versus XXXX for @entity2 with poor prognosis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate whether Stage IIIC (TanyN3M0) @entity0 can be classified further into subgroups with different prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and thirty-two @entity1 with @entity0 at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were analyzed. The disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method for lymph node ratio (LNR) and the number of positive lymph node (PLN). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value of the LNR and PLN. The univariate and multivariate analysis were applied to identify the prognostic factors. RESULTS: The results showed that the optimal cut-off value of LNR value was 0.65, and the optimal cut-off value of PLN was 15. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the higher value of LNR or PLN was correlated with shortened DFS (P = 0.002, P = 0.008, respectively) and @entity2 (P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). In multivariate survival analysis, the value of LNR and PLN were still remained as independent prognostic factors for DFS (P = 0.014, P = 0.013, respectively) and @entity2 (P = 0.004, P = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the value of LNR or PLN could be used as a new significant prognostic biomarker for @entity0 @entity1 . @entity0 @entity1 with lower value of LNR or PLN may be down staged.

title: A new perspective on the IIIC staging in Chinese @entity1 with primary XXXX : Single-center experiences.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate whether Stage IIIC (TanyN3M0) @entity0 can be classified further into subgroups with different prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and thirty-two @entity1 with @entity0 at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were analyzed. The disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method for lymph node ratio (LNR) and the number of positive lymph node (PLN). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value of the LNR and PLN. The univariate and multivariate analysis were applied to identify the prognostic factors. RESULTS: The results showed that the optimal cut-off value of LNR value was 0.65, and the optimal cut-off value of PLN was 15. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the higher value of LNR or PLN was correlated with shortened DFS (P = 0.002, P = 0.008, respectively) and @entity2 (P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). In multivariate survival analysis, the value of LNR and PLN were still remained as independent prognostic factors for DFS (P = 0.014, P = 0.013, respectively) and @entity2 (P = 0.004, P = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the value of LNR or PLN could be used as a new significant prognostic biomarker for @entity0 @entity1 . @entity0 @entity1 with lower value of LNR or PLN may be down staged.

title: A new perspective on the IIIC staging in Chinese XXXX with primary @entity0 : Single-center experiences.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Long-term data from three randomized trials have demonstrated that adjuvant @entity4 (ART) reduces the rate of biochemical failure in high-risk @entity0 following radical prostatectomy (RP). One of these trials has shown a survival advantage. We investigated the rate of ART in Victoria and the predictors for this treatment. METHODS: We analysed data from eligible @entity0 who were notified to the Victorian @entity3 Registry (PCR) by 37 Victorian hospitals between 1 August 2008 and 31 October 2011. We defined ART as @entity4 ( @entity4 ) delivered within 6 months of RP. Predictors of ART receipt were modelled using adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression. RESULTS: There were 4626 eligible cases from which 2018 underwent RP with recorded date of surgery. Of these eligible prostatectomy cases, a total of 89 received ART. A subgroup of 833 @entity0 had an adverse pathologic feature, of whom 78 received ART. In a multivariate model, pathologic @entity1 stage pT3a (odds ratio (OR) 2.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-5.00; P   =   0.003), pT3b (OR 4.58; 95% CI 2.12-9.89; P   =   0.000), a positive surgical margin (OR 8.91; 95% CI 4.61-17.2; P   =   0.000) and pathologic Gleason grade >7 (OR 7.18; 95% CI 1.54-33.6; P   =   0.012) predicted receipt of ART. CONCLUSION: Adverse pathologic features and high pathologic Gleason score predict for receiving ART in Victorian @entity0 after RP, but overall, ART is not commonly prescribed. This finding is consistent with other published series and may reflect clinician scepticism regarding the benefit of ART over salvage @entity4 and concern about @entity2 and the risk of over treatment.

title: Predictors and rate of adjuvant @entity4 following radical prostatectomy: A report from the XXXX Registry.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Long-term data from three randomized trials have demonstrated that adjuvant @entity4 (ART) reduces the rate of biochemical failure in high-risk @entity0 following radical prostatectomy (RP). One of these trials has shown a survival advantage. We investigated the rate of ART in Victoria and the predictors for this treatment. METHODS: We analysed data from eligible @entity0 who were notified to the Victorian @entity3 Registry (PCR) by 37 Victorian hospitals between 1 August 2008 and 31 October 2011. We defined ART as @entity4 ( @entity4 ) delivered within 6 months of RP. Predictors of ART receipt were modelled using adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression. RESULTS: There were 4626 eligible cases from which 2018 underwent RP with recorded date of surgery. Of these eligible prostatectomy cases, a total of 89 received ART. A subgroup of 833 @entity0 had an adverse pathologic feature, of whom 78 received ART. In a multivariate model, pathologic @entity1 stage pT3a (odds ratio (OR) 2.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4-5.00; P   =   0.003), pT3b (OR 4.58; 95% CI 2.12-9.89; P   =   0.000), a positive surgical margin (OR 8.91; 95% CI 4.61-17.2; P   =   0.000) and pathologic Gleason grade >7 (OR 7.18; 95% CI 1.54-33.6; P   =   0.012) predicted receipt of ART. CONCLUSION: Adverse pathologic features and high pathologic Gleason score predict for receiving ART in Victorian @entity0 after RP, but overall, ART is not commonly prescribed. This finding is consistent with other published series and may reflect clinician scepticism regarding the benefit of ART over salvage @entity4 and concern about @entity2 and the risk of over treatment.

title: Predictors and rate of adjuvant XXXX following radical prostatectomy: A report from the @entity3 Registry.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity4 @entity0 with non-critical serum venous @entity3 ( @entity5 ) levels ( @entity5 <4.0 mmol/L) who suffered in-hospital mortality and examines @entity5 in relation to survival times. METHODS: An @entity1 based retrospective cohort study accrued September 2010 to August 2014. Inclusion criteria were @entity1 admission, @entity5 sampling, >2 @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival estimates. An a priori sub-group analysis for @entity0 with repeat @entity5 within 6 hours of initial sampling was undertaken. The primary outcome was time to in-hospital death evaluated using rank-sum tests and regression models. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-seven @entity0 met inclusion criteria. @entity2 were the most common (44%) and median @entity5 was 1.9 mmol/L (1.5, 2.5). Thirteen @entity0 (7%) died within 24 hours and 79% by  <=28 days. Median survival was 11 days (95% CI, 8.0-13). Sixty-two @entity0 had repeat @entity5 sampling with 14 (23%) and 48 (77%) having decreasing increasing levels, respectively. No significant differences were observed in treatment requirements between the @entity5 subgroups. Among @entity0 with decreasing @entity5 , median survival was 24 days (95% CI, 5-32). For @entity0 with increasing @entity5 median survival was significantly shorter (7 days; 95% CI, 4-11, P = .04). @entity0 with increasing @entity5 had a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (HR = 1.6 95% CI, 0.90-3.0, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: In septic @entity1 @entity0 experiencing in-hospital death, non-critical serum venous @entity3 may be utilized as a risk-stratifying tool for early mortality, while increasing @entity5 levels may identify those in danger of more rapid deterioration.

title: The prognostic role of non-critical @entity3 levels for in-hospital survival time among XXXX @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity4 @entity0 with non-critical serum venous @entity3 ( @entity5 ) levels ( @entity5 <4.0 mmol/L) who suffered in-hospital mortality and examines @entity5 in relation to survival times. METHODS: An @entity1 based retrospective cohort study accrued September 2010 to August 2014. Inclusion criteria were @entity1 admission, @entity5 sampling, >2 @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival estimates. An a priori sub-group analysis for @entity0 with repeat @entity5 within 6 hours of initial sampling was undertaken. The primary outcome was time to in-hospital death evaluated using rank-sum tests and regression models. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-seven @entity0 met inclusion criteria. @entity2 were the most common (44%) and median @entity5 was 1.9 mmol/L (1.5, 2.5). Thirteen @entity0 (7%) died within 24 hours and 79% by  <=28 days. Median survival was 11 days (95% CI, 8.0-13). Sixty-two @entity0 had repeat @entity5 sampling with 14 (23%) and 48 (77%) having decreasing increasing levels, respectively. No significant differences were observed in treatment requirements between the @entity5 subgroups. Among @entity0 with decreasing @entity5 , median survival was 24 days (95% CI, 5-32). For @entity0 with increasing @entity5 median survival was significantly shorter (7 days; 95% CI, 4-11, P = .04). @entity0 with increasing @entity5 had a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (HR = 1.6 95% CI, 0.90-3.0, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: In septic @entity1 @entity0 experiencing in-hospital death, non-critical serum venous @entity3 may be utilized as a risk-stratifying tool for early mortality, while increasing @entity5 levels may identify those in danger of more rapid deterioration.

title: The prognostic role of non-critical @entity3 levels for in-hospital survival time among @entity1 @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity4 @entity0 with non-critical serum venous @entity3 ( @entity5 ) levels ( @entity5 <4.0 mmol/L) who suffered in-hospital mortality and examines @entity5 in relation to survival times. METHODS: An @entity1 based retrospective cohort study accrued September 2010 to August 2014. Inclusion criteria were @entity1 admission, @entity5 sampling, >2 @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival estimates. An a priori sub-group analysis for @entity0 with repeat @entity5 within 6 hours of initial sampling was undertaken. The primary outcome was time to in-hospital death evaluated using rank-sum tests and regression models. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-seven @entity0 met inclusion criteria. @entity2 were the most common (44%) and median @entity5 was 1.9 mmol/L (1.5, 2.5). Thirteen @entity0 (7%) died within 24 hours and 79% by  <=28 days. Median survival was 11 days (95% CI, 8.0-13). Sixty-two @entity0 had repeat @entity5 sampling with 14 (23%) and 48 (77%) having decreasing increasing levels, respectively. No significant differences were observed in treatment requirements between the @entity5 subgroups. Among @entity0 with decreasing @entity5 , median survival was 24 days (95% CI, 5-32). For @entity0 with increasing @entity5 median survival was significantly shorter (7 days; 95% CI, 4-11, P = .04). @entity0 with increasing @entity5 had a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (HR = 1.6 95% CI, 0.90-3.0, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: In septic @entity1 @entity0 experiencing in-hospital death, non-critical serum venous @entity3 may be utilized as a risk-stratifying tool for early mortality, while increasing @entity5 levels may identify those in danger of more rapid deterioration.

title: The prognostic role of non-critical XXXX levels for in-hospital survival time among @entity1 @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study describes @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity4 @entity0 with non-critical serum venous @entity3 ( @entity5 ) levels ( @entity5 <4.0 mmol/L) who suffered in-hospital mortality and examines @entity5 in relation to survival times. METHODS: An @entity1 based retrospective cohort study accrued September 2010 to August 2014. Inclusion criteria were @entity1 admission, @entity5 sampling, >2 @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier curves were used for survival estimates. An a priori sub-group analysis for @entity0 with repeat @entity5 within 6 hours of initial sampling was undertaken. The primary outcome was time to in-hospital death evaluated using rank-sum tests and regression models. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-seven @entity0 met inclusion criteria. @entity2 were the most common (44%) and median @entity5 was 1.9 mmol/L (1.5, 2.5). Thirteen @entity0 (7%) died within 24 hours and 79% by  <=28 days. Median survival was 11 days (95% CI, 8.0-13). Sixty-two @entity0 had repeat @entity5 sampling with 14 (23%) and 48 (77%) having decreasing increasing levels, respectively. No significant differences were observed in treatment requirements between the @entity5 subgroups. Among @entity0 with decreasing @entity5 , median survival was 24 days (95% CI, 5-32). For @entity0 with increasing @entity5 median survival was significantly shorter (7 days; 95% CI, 4-11, P = .04). @entity0 with increasing @entity5 had a non-significant trend toward reduced survival (HR = 1.6 95% CI, 0.90-3.0, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: In septic @entity1 @entity0 experiencing in-hospital death, non-critical serum venous @entity3 may be utilized as a risk-stratifying tool for early mortality, while increasing @entity5 levels may identify those in danger of more rapid deterioration.

title: The prognostic role of non-critical @entity3 levels for in-hospital survival time among @entity1 XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although standard enteral nutrition is universally accepted, the use of disease-specific formulas for @entity7 @entity0 is still controversial. This study examines whether a high-protein @entity1 -specific formula reduces insulin needs, improves glycemic control and reduces ICU-acquired @entity4 in @entity8 , @entity7 @entity0 on mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized (web-based, blinded) study conducted at nine Spanish ICUs. The @entity0 groups established according to the high-protein formula received were: group A, new-generation @entity1 -specific formula; group B, standard control formula; group C, control @entity1 -specific formula. Inclusion criteria were: expected enteral nutrition >= 5 days, MV, baseline @entity6 >126 mg/dL on admission or >200 mg/dL in the first 48 h. Exclusion criteria were: APACHE II  <=10, @entity3 , treatment with @entity5 , immunosuppressants or lipid-lowering drugs and body mass index >= 40 kg/m(2). The targeted @entity6 level was 110-150 mg/dL. Glycemic variability was calculated as the standard deviation, glycemic lability index and coefficient of variation. Acquired @entity4 were recorded using published consensus criteria for @entity8 @entity0 . Data analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period, 157 @entity0 were consecutively enrolled (A 52, B 53 and C 52). Compared with the standard control formula, the new formula gave rise to lower insulin requirement (19.1        13.1 vs. 23.7        40.1 IU/day, p <0.05), plasma @entity6 (138.6        39.1 vs. 146.1        49.9 mg/dL, p <0.01) and capillary blood @entity6 (146.1        45.8 vs. 155.3        63.6 mg/dL, p <0.001). Compared with the control @entity1 -specific formula, only capillary @entity6 levels were significantly reduced (146.1        45.8 vs. 150.1        41.9, p <0.01). Both specific formulas reduced capillary @entity6 on ICU day 1 (p <0.01), @entity6 variability in the first week (p <0.05), and incidences of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (p <0.01) or @entity2 (p <0.05) compared with the standard formula. No effects of the nutrition formula were produced on hospital stay or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In these high-risk ICU @entity0 , both @entity1 lowered insulin requirements, improved glycemic control and reduced the risk of acquired @entity4 relative to the standard formula. Compared with the control-specific formula, the new-generation formula also improved capillary glycemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT1233726 .

title: @entity1 -specific enteral nutrition formula in @entity7 , mechanically ventilated, XXXX @entity0 : a prospective, open-label, blind-randomized, multicenter study.

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although standard enteral nutrition is universally accepted, the use of disease-specific formulas for @entity7 @entity0 is still controversial. This study examines whether a high-protein @entity1 -specific formula reduces insulin needs, improves glycemic control and reduces ICU-acquired @entity4 in @entity8 , @entity7 @entity0 on mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized (web-based, blinded) study conducted at nine Spanish ICUs. The @entity0 groups established according to the high-protein formula received were: group A, new-generation @entity1 -specific formula; group B, standard control formula; group C, control @entity1 -specific formula. Inclusion criteria were: expected enteral nutrition >= 5 days, MV, baseline @entity6 >126 mg/dL on admission or >200 mg/dL in the first 48 h. Exclusion criteria were: APACHE II  <=10, @entity3 , treatment with @entity5 , immunosuppressants or lipid-lowering drugs and body mass index >= 40 kg/m(2). The targeted @entity6 level was 110-150 mg/dL. Glycemic variability was calculated as the standard deviation, glycemic lability index and coefficient of variation. Acquired @entity4 were recorded using published consensus criteria for @entity8 @entity0 . Data analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period, 157 @entity0 were consecutively enrolled (A 52, B 53 and C 52). Compared with the standard control formula, the new formula gave rise to lower insulin requirement (19.1        13.1 vs. 23.7        40.1 IU/day, p <0.05), plasma @entity6 (138.6        39.1 vs. 146.1        49.9 mg/dL, p <0.01) and capillary blood @entity6 (146.1        45.8 vs. 155.3        63.6 mg/dL, p <0.001). Compared with the control @entity1 -specific formula, only capillary @entity6 levels were significantly reduced (146.1        45.8 vs. 150.1        41.9, p <0.01). Both specific formulas reduced capillary @entity6 on ICU day 1 (p <0.01), @entity6 variability in the first week (p <0.05), and incidences of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (p <0.01) or @entity2 (p <0.05) compared with the standard formula. No effects of the nutrition formula were produced on hospital stay or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In these high-risk ICU @entity0 , both @entity1 lowered insulin requirements, improved glycemic control and reduced the risk of acquired @entity4 relative to the standard formula. Compared with the control-specific formula, the new-generation formula also improved capillary glycemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT1233726 .

title: @entity1 -specific enteral nutrition formula in XXXX , mechanically ventilated, @entity8 @entity0 : a prospective, open-label, blind-randomized, multicenter study.

answer: @entity7


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Although standard enteral nutrition is universally accepted, the use of disease-specific formulas for @entity7 @entity0 is still controversial. This study examines whether a high-protein @entity1 -specific formula reduces insulin needs, improves glycemic control and reduces ICU-acquired @entity4 in @entity8 , @entity7 @entity0 on mechanical ventilation (MV). METHODS: This was a prospective, open-label, randomized (web-based, blinded) study conducted at nine Spanish ICUs. The @entity0 groups established according to the high-protein formula received were: group A, new-generation @entity1 -specific formula; group B, standard control formula; group C, control @entity1 -specific formula. Inclusion criteria were: expected enteral nutrition >= 5 days, MV, baseline @entity6 >126 mg/dL on admission or >200 mg/dL in the first 48 h. Exclusion criteria were: APACHE II  <=10, @entity3 , treatment with @entity5 , immunosuppressants or lipid-lowering drugs and body mass index >= 40 kg/m(2). The targeted @entity6 level was 110-150 mg/dL. Glycemic variability was calculated as the standard deviation, glycemic lability index and coefficient of variation. Acquired @entity4 were recorded using published consensus criteria for @entity8 @entity0 . Data analysis was on an intention-to-treat basis. RESULTS: Over a 2-year period, 157 @entity0 were consecutively enrolled (A 52, B 53 and C 52). Compared with the standard control formula, the new formula gave rise to lower insulin requirement (19.1        13.1 vs. 23.7        40.1 IU/day, p <0.05), plasma @entity6 (138.6        39.1 vs. 146.1        49.9 mg/dL, p <0.01) and capillary blood @entity6 (146.1        45.8 vs. 155.3        63.6 mg/dL, p <0.001). Compared with the control @entity1 -specific formula, only capillary @entity6 levels were significantly reduced (146.1        45.8 vs. 150.1        41.9, p <0.01). Both specific formulas reduced capillary @entity6 on ICU day 1 (p <0.01), @entity6 variability in the first week (p <0.05), and incidences of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (p <0.01) or @entity2 (p <0.05) compared with the standard formula. No effects of the nutrition formula were produced on hospital stay or mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In these high-risk ICU @entity0 , both @entity1 lowered insulin requirements, improved glycemic control and reduced the risk of acquired @entity4 relative to the standard formula. Compared with the control-specific formula, the new-generation formula also improved capillary glycemia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT1233726 .

title: XXXX -specific enteral nutrition formula in @entity7 , mechanically ventilated, @entity8 @entity0 : a prospective, open-label, blind-randomized, multicenter study.

answer: @entity1