abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine wound location according to the angiosome concept and to investigate the feasibility and success of angiosome-based revascularization in below-the-knee (BTK) arteries. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 161 @entity0 (67.5      25.5  years, 66.5% diabetics) with @entity1 and a foot ulcer, stage Rutherford 5-6, who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty on BTK arteries in 2012. We evaluated feasibility of angiosome-targeted revascularization and the number of angiosomes affected by a wound in each @entity0 . @entity0 were divided into 3 groups depending on how many BTK vessels were suitable for revascularization. The feasibility was analyzed in each group and in relation to number of affected angiosomes. RESULTS: The wound(s) interfered with one angiosome in only 39 (24.0%) cases. Direct flow into affected angiosome was successfully achieved in 98 (60.9%) cases. If @entity2 was limited in one angiosome, the targeted revascularisation was possible in 27 cases (69.2%), if @entity2 was extended over 2 angiosomes it was possible in 65 cases (86.7%), if 3 angiosomes were affected it was possible in 36 cases (85.7%), when 4 angiosomes were affected the rate dropped to 25.0% and @entity2 extended over 5 angiosomes had no possibility of revascularization. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 , the tissue lesion affects several angiosomes in majority of the cases. In thus far published literature, there is existence of more approaches of angiosome-targeted revascularization when more than one angiosome is clinically involved and therefore consensus needs to be achieved for the accurate definition.

title: The Feasibility of Angiosome-Targeted Endovascular Treatment in XXXX with @entity1 and Foot Ulcer.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In recent years, @entity2 rootworm (CRW)-resistant @entity1 events producing two or more CRW-active Bt proteins have been commercialized to enhance efficacy against the target pest(s) by providing multiple modes of action (MoA). The @entity1 hybrid MON 87411 has been developed that produces the CRW-active Cry3Bb1 Bt protein (hereafter Cry3Bb1) and expresses a RNAi-mediated MoA that also targets CRW. As part of an environmental risk assessment for MON 87411, the potential for an interaction between the CRW-active DvSnf7 RNA (hereafter DvSnf7) and Cry3Bb1 was assessed in 12-day diet incorporation bioassays with the southern @entity2 rootworm (SCR, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi). The potential for an interaction between DvSnf7 and Cry3Bb1 was evaluated with two established experimental approaches. The first approach evaluated each substance alone and in combination over three different response levels. For all three response levels, observed responses were shown to be additive and not significantly different from predicted responses under the assumption of independent action. The second approach evaluated the potential for a fixed sub-lethal concentration of Cry3Bb1 to decrease the median lethal concentration (LC50) of DvSnf7 and vice-versa. With this approach, the LC50 value of DvSnf7 was not altered by a sub-lethal concentration of Cry3Bb1 and vice-versa. In addition, the potential for an interaction between the Cry3Bb1 and DvSnf7 was tested with Colorado @entity0 beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata), which is sensitive to Cry3Bb1 but not DvSnf7. CPB assays also demonstrated that DvSnf7 does not alter the activity of Cry3Bb1. The results from this study provide multiple lines of evidence that DvSnf7 and Cry3Bb1 produced in MON 87411 have independent action.

title: Independent action between DvSnf7 RNA and Cry3Bb1 protein in southern XXXX rootworm, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi and Colorado @entity0 beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In recent years, @entity2 rootworm (CRW)-resistant @entity1 events producing two or more CRW-active Bt proteins have been commercialized to enhance efficacy against the target pest(s) by providing multiple modes of action (MoA). The @entity1 hybrid MON 87411 has been developed that produces the CRW-active Cry3Bb1 Bt protein (hereafter Cry3Bb1) and expresses a RNAi-mediated MoA that also targets CRW. As part of an environmental risk assessment for MON 87411, the potential for an interaction between the CRW-active DvSnf7 RNA (hereafter DvSnf7) and Cry3Bb1 was assessed in 12-day diet incorporation bioassays with the southern @entity2 rootworm (SCR, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi). The potential for an interaction between DvSnf7 and Cry3Bb1 was evaluated with two established experimental approaches. The first approach evaluated each substance alone and in combination over three different response levels. For all three response levels, observed responses were shown to be additive and not significantly different from predicted responses under the assumption of independent action. The second approach evaluated the potential for a fixed sub-lethal concentration of Cry3Bb1 to decrease the median lethal concentration (LC50) of DvSnf7 and vice-versa. With this approach, the LC50 value of DvSnf7 was not altered by a sub-lethal concentration of Cry3Bb1 and vice-versa. In addition, the potential for an interaction between the Cry3Bb1 and DvSnf7 was tested with Colorado @entity0 beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata), which is sensitive to Cry3Bb1 but not DvSnf7. CPB assays also demonstrated that DvSnf7 does not alter the activity of Cry3Bb1. The results from this study provide multiple lines of evidence that DvSnf7 and Cry3Bb1 produced in MON 87411 have independent action.

title: Independent action between DvSnf7 RNA and Cry3Bb1 protein in southern @entity2 rootworm, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi and Colorado XXXX beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the ultrasound features and clinicopathological characteristics of basal-like subtype of @entity0 ( @entity0 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by the ethical board of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University. The @entity1 ' clinicopathological information was available. The ultrasound features of 62 @entity2 from 62 TNBC @entity1 were interpreted. The immunohistochemical results of cytokertain5/6 ( @entity5 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were used to classify the @entity2 into basal-like and normal-like groups. The association of the ultrasound features interpreted by experienced ultrasound doctors with the immunohistochemical classification was studied. RESULTS: Of the 62 TNBC cases, 42 (67.7%) exhibited the basal-like phenotype and 20 (32.3%) exhibited the normal-like phenotype based on the immunohistochemical @entity5 and @entity4 markers. Of all the @entity2 , 90.3% were invasive @entity3 . The basal-like @entity2 were significantly associated with a maximum diameter on ultrasound of more than 20 mm (36, 85.7%) (P = 0.0014). The normal-like @entity2 usually exhibited lateral shadows (15, 75%) (P = 0.0115) as well as microlobulated margins (12, 60%) (P = 0.0204) compared to the basal-like subtype. Other ultrasound features showed no significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although ultrasound cannot yet be used to differentiate between the basal-like subtype and normal-like subtype of TNBC, ultrasound can be used to provide some useful information to the clinicians.

title: The Differences in Ultrasound and Clinicopathological Features between Basal-Like and Normal-Like Subtypes of Triple Negative XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The possibilities of treatment of the @entity3 related to @entity8 were transformed by the total @entity6 described by Paul Tessier. These @entity7 are possible in @entity0 , and there is enough follow-up nom to assure that @entity6 in @entity0 do not impair significantly the remaining growth possibilities. There are however severe @entity4 in @entity0 operated as @entity0 or youngsters, resulting from a deformed appearance during early childhood. We therefore try to give these @entity0 an acceptable appearance before entering school, around 3 or 4 years of age. Now in fact, we are trying not only to correct, but to prevent these deformities by early age release of the synostoses. The synostoses are usually involving the coronal suture and the cranial base. The cranial base being out of safe reach, we have started in 1976 to perform a 2 cm advancement of the forehead, including the supra-orbital rim. At first, we were using a lateral tenon-mortise fixation. We have tried the extended coronal craniectomy advocated by McCarthy and Coll., but since July 1977, we are using the original floating forehead principle: the advanced forehead is wired back only to the face, malar bones and root of the nose, leaving behind and extended craniectomy. Thus, the rapidly expanding brain of the @entity0 is able to project anteriorly the forehead and upper part of the face. We have operated on 26 @entity0 with faciocraniostenosis and severe @entity1 according to these early release principle, the last 11 with the floating @entity5 . The results are very encouraging, the appearance being normal or subnormal after a few months. Even if an upper maxillary osteotomy is necessary later, we feel that an early improvement of these @entity0 is of high benefit to them. The improvement can also be functional, the psychological tests and the intracranial pressure measures showing that an early release is benefitial even in the absence of obvious intracranial @entity2 .

title: [Early treatment of XXXX ( @entity8 ) (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The possibilities of treatment of the @entity3 related to @entity8 were transformed by the total @entity6 described by Paul Tessier. These @entity7 are possible in @entity0 , and there is enough follow-up nom to assure that @entity6 in @entity0 do not impair significantly the remaining growth possibilities. There are however severe @entity4 in @entity0 operated as @entity0 or youngsters, resulting from a deformed appearance during early childhood. We therefore try to give these @entity0 an acceptable appearance before entering school, around 3 or 4 years of age. Now in fact, we are trying not only to correct, but to prevent these deformities by early age release of the synostoses. The synostoses are usually involving the coronal suture and the cranial base. The cranial base being out of safe reach, we have started in 1976 to perform a 2 cm advancement of the forehead, including the supra-orbital rim. At first, we were using a lateral tenon-mortise fixation. We have tried the extended coronal craniectomy advocated by McCarthy and Coll., but since July 1977, we are using the original floating forehead principle: the advanced forehead is wired back only to the face, malar bones and root of the nose, leaving behind and extended craniectomy. Thus, the rapidly expanding brain of the @entity0 is able to project anteriorly the forehead and upper part of the face. We have operated on 26 @entity0 with faciocraniostenosis and severe @entity1 according to these early release principle, the last 11 with the floating @entity5 . The results are very encouraging, the appearance being normal or subnormal after a few months. Even if an upper maxillary osteotomy is necessary later, we feel that an early improvement of these @entity0 is of high benefit to them. The improvement can also be functional, the psychological tests and the intracranial pressure measures showing that an early release is benefitial even in the absence of obvious intracranial @entity2 .

title: [Early treatment of @entity1 ( XXXX ) (author's transl)].

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the treatment of choice for @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The effectiveness of PPIs throughout @entity1 management, from healing to maintenance, has not been fully studied. AIM: To compare @entity2 with @entity3 or @entity4 for @entity1 management using a management model. METHODS: Data from six studies comparing @entity2 with @entity3 or @entity4 for healing (4-8  weeks) or maintenance of healing (6  months) of @entity1 were incorporated into hypothetical management models to determine the proportion of @entity0 in endoscopic remission after sequential healing and maintenance therapy, assuming that @entity0 received the same PPI throughout. The number needed to treat (NNT) to achieve one more @entity0 in remission with @entity2 vs. other PPIs was estimated. The hypothetical model was validated using results from the EXPO study, which compared @entity2 with @entity4 for @entity1 healing and maintenance. RESULTS: Overall, @entity2 40  mg produced higher rates of healing (life-table estimates) than @entity3 30  mg (82.4-92.6% vs. 77.5-88.8%; p  <  0.01) or @entity4 40  mg (95.5% vs. 92.0%; p  <  0.001) and higher rates of endoscopic and symptomatic remission at 6  months than @entity3 (83.0-84.8% vs. 74.0-75.9%; p  <  0.001; life-table estimates) or @entity4 (70.9% vs. 59.6%; p  <  0.0001; observed rates). In the hypothetical management model, the NNT for @entity2 was 9 vs. @entity3 and 8 vs. @entity4 . The actual NNT for @entity2 vs. @entity4 in the EXPO study was 9 (95% confidence interval: 6; 16). CONCLUSIONS: In this management model, @entity2 was more effective than either @entity3 or @entity4 for maintaining remission after sequential healing and 6  months' maintenance therapy for @entity1 .

title: Management of XXXX : does the choice of proton pump inhibitor matter?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: The aim of the present study is to compare the effect of corticotomy versus @entity3 injection in @entity0 subjects on rate of tooth movement, anchorage loss and their effect on crest bone height and root length. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Clinical interventional study. Split mouth design was used. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study was done on 32 regular orthodontic @entity0 . A volume of 100 mcg of @entity3 was injected on the right side once in 2 weeks and on the left side corticotomy was performed, and @entity1 retraction was started on both sides simultaneously. The rate of space closure and anchorage loss was assessed with casts. The root length and crestal bone height changes were assed with IOPAs. The comparison of rate of tooth movement, anchorage loss, crestal bone height and root length changes between the sides were statistically analyzed using paired t-test. RESULTS: The average rate of space closure on right side was 0.36 mm/week with a standard deviation of 0.05 mm/week and on the left side average rate of space closure was 0.40 mm/week with a standard deviation of 0.04 mm/week. The difference between the rate of closure between the right side and left where found to be statistically significant (P=0.003). The anchorage loss, the crestal bone height changes and root length changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The rate of tooth movement was significantly more with corticotomies when compared with given dose of @entity2 injection.

title: Effect of XXXX versus corticotomy on orthodontic tooth movement: an in vivo study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent studies have shown retinal blood vessel damage in experimental models of @entity4 . The present study aimed to provide a detailed description of the structural and functional changes in retinal vasculature induced by @entity5 -reperfusion (I/R) in @entity0 . @entity5 was induced for 60  min by raising the intraocular pressure to 130  mmHg. Morphological changes in vascular components (endothelial cells, pericytes, and basement membranes), the patency and perfusion of blood vessels, and expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were assessed in the retinas at 2, 7, and 14 days after I/R. Significant reductions in vascular densities were observed at 7 and 14 days after I/R. Pericyte loss occurred after the appearance of endothelial cell degeneration, whereas the vascular basement membranes remained unchanged. Some vessels showed no perfusion in damaged retina. A decrease in the immunoreactivity of @entity6 in the region extending from the ganglion cell layer to the outer plexiform layer was evident 2  days after I/R. In retinal I/R model, @entity5 cells are rapidly (<2 day) damaged following reperfusion, therefore, the current results suggest that neuronal cell damage precedes @entity2 , and neuronal cells may play an important role in maintaining vascular structure and function through the production and release of endothelial cell survival factors, including @entity6 . Neuronal cell damage could be an additional cause of progression of @entity1 @entity3 by reducing blood supply to the retinal neurons due to the destruction of the blood vessel network.

title: Structural and functional changes in retinal vasculature induced by XXXX -reperfusion in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent studies have shown retinal blood vessel damage in experimental models of @entity4 . The present study aimed to provide a detailed description of the structural and functional changes in retinal vasculature induced by @entity5 -reperfusion (I/R) in @entity0 . @entity5 was induced for 60  min by raising the intraocular pressure to 130  mmHg. Morphological changes in vascular components (endothelial cells, pericytes, and basement membranes), the patency and perfusion of blood vessels, and expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were assessed in the retinas at 2, 7, and 14 days after I/R. Significant reductions in vascular densities were observed at 7 and 14 days after I/R. Pericyte loss occurred after the appearance of endothelial cell degeneration, whereas the vascular basement membranes remained unchanged. Some vessels showed no perfusion in damaged retina. A decrease in the immunoreactivity of @entity6 in the region extending from the ganglion cell layer to the outer plexiform layer was evident 2  days after I/R. In retinal I/R model, @entity5 cells are rapidly (<2 day) damaged following reperfusion, therefore, the current results suggest that neuronal cell damage precedes @entity2 , and neuronal cells may play an important role in maintaining vascular structure and function through the production and release of endothelial cell survival factors, including @entity6 . Neuronal cell damage could be an additional cause of progression of @entity1 @entity3 by reducing blood supply to the retinal neurons due to the destruction of the blood vessel network.

title: Structural and functional changes in retinal vasculature induced by @entity5 -reperfusion in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We have made a study on the postoperative course of 20 cases with @entity2 observed and treated in Hokkaido University Hospital from 1957 to 1978. Following conclusions were obtained. (1) Among those 20 @entity0 , 16 were alive at the time of submission. The survival rate was 80% at 5 years respectively and the longest survival period for one of our @entity0 is 19 years postoperatively. (2) @entity1 was attemped in all cases and the prognosis was best influenced by the degree of removal. The cases who received a complete extirpation of their @entity1 resulted in a permanent and complete cure, but the cases of incomplete removal did not give so good results as the cases of complete removal. (3) In the cases who could removed completely, those cases had several factors in common, and from our clinical data, the following factors should be considered. 1. Growth of @entity1 was circumscribed and @entity1 did not infiltrate the substance of the brainstem. 2. @entity1 arising in the cerebellar hemisphere were found to be more common than those originating in the vermis. 3. It was notable that gross appearance of @entity1 was high incidence of @entity4 . 4. Those @entity1 were a well-differentiated histomorphology and it was found that an overwhelming majority of those @entity3 were so-called @entity3 grade I. (4) A particularly benign prognosis was expected when the @entity1 occurred in childhood, but even adult cases if removed completely with several factors mentioned above, demonstrated a good prognosis.

title: [A clinical study on postoperative course of XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Receptor @entity4 kinases (RTKs) are high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines and hormones. RTKs are not only key regulators of normal cellular processes, but are also involved in the progression of many types of @entity0 , and responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Catfish is a primary aquaculture species in the United States, while its industry is drastically hindered by several major diseases including enteric @entity1 of catfish (ESC) that is caused by @entity6 . Disease outbreaks are often accompanied by @entity2 stress, which affects the performance and survival of fish by reducing disease resistance. In this study, we identified 26 RTK oncogenes in the @entity5 genome, and determined their expression profiles after ESC infection and @entity2 stress. The 26 RTK genes were divided into four subfamilies according to phylogenetic analysis, including TIE (2 genes), ErbB (6 genes), EPH (14 genes), and INSR (4 genes). All identified RTKs possess a similar molecular architecture including ligand-binding domains, a single transmembrane helix and a cytoplasmic region, which suggests that these genes could play conserved biological roles. The expression analysis revealed that eight RTKs were significantly regulated after @entity3 , with dramatic induction of insulin receptor genes including INSRb, IGF1Ra, and IGF1Rb. Upon @entity2 stress, EPHB3a, EGFR, ErbB4b, and IGF1Rb were expressed at higher levels in the tolerant catfish, while EPHA2a, EPHA2, TIE1 and INSRa were expressed at higher levels in the intolerant catfish. These results suggested the involvement of RTKs in immune responses and @entity2 tolerance.

title: Identification and expression analysis of 26 oncogenes of the receptor XXXX kinase family in @entity5 after @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Receptor @entity4 kinases (RTKs) are high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines and hormones. RTKs are not only key regulators of normal cellular processes, but are also involved in the progression of many types of @entity0 , and responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Catfish is a primary aquaculture species in the United States, while its industry is drastically hindered by several major diseases including enteric @entity1 of catfish (ESC) that is caused by @entity6 . Disease outbreaks are often accompanied by @entity2 stress, which affects the performance and survival of fish by reducing disease resistance. In this study, we identified 26 RTK oncogenes in the @entity5 genome, and determined their expression profiles after ESC infection and @entity2 stress. The 26 RTK genes were divided into four subfamilies according to phylogenetic analysis, including TIE (2 genes), ErbB (6 genes), EPH (14 genes), and INSR (4 genes). All identified RTKs possess a similar molecular architecture including ligand-binding domains, a single transmembrane helix and a cytoplasmic region, which suggests that these genes could play conserved biological roles. The expression analysis revealed that eight RTKs were significantly regulated after @entity3 , with dramatic induction of insulin receptor genes including INSRb, IGF1Ra, and IGF1Rb. Upon @entity2 stress, EPHB3a, EGFR, ErbB4b, and IGF1Rb were expressed at higher levels in the tolerant catfish, while EPHA2a, EPHA2, TIE1 and INSRa were expressed at higher levels in the intolerant catfish. These results suggested the involvement of RTKs in immune responses and @entity2 tolerance.

title: Identification and expression analysis of 26 oncogenes of the receptor @entity4 kinase family in @entity5 after XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Receptor @entity4 kinases (RTKs) are high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines and hormones. RTKs are not only key regulators of normal cellular processes, but are also involved in the progression of many types of @entity0 , and responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Catfish is a primary aquaculture species in the United States, while its industry is drastically hindered by several major diseases including enteric @entity1 of catfish (ESC) that is caused by @entity6 . Disease outbreaks are often accompanied by @entity2 stress, which affects the performance and survival of fish by reducing disease resistance. In this study, we identified 26 RTK oncogenes in the @entity5 genome, and determined their expression profiles after ESC infection and @entity2 stress. The 26 RTK genes were divided into four subfamilies according to phylogenetic analysis, including TIE (2 genes), ErbB (6 genes), EPH (14 genes), and INSR (4 genes). All identified RTKs possess a similar molecular architecture including ligand-binding domains, a single transmembrane helix and a cytoplasmic region, which suggests that these genes could play conserved biological roles. The expression analysis revealed that eight RTKs were significantly regulated after @entity3 , with dramatic induction of insulin receptor genes including INSRb, IGF1Ra, and IGF1Rb. Upon @entity2 stress, EPHB3a, EGFR, ErbB4b, and IGF1Rb were expressed at higher levels in the tolerant catfish, while EPHA2a, EPHA2, TIE1 and INSRa were expressed at higher levels in the intolerant catfish. These results suggested the involvement of RTKs in immune responses and @entity2 tolerance.

title: Identification and expression analysis of 26 oncogenes of the receptor @entity4 kinase family in XXXX after @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: This study presents the clinicopathologic findings in four new cases of @entity4 . The @entity0 presented with episodic @entity3 frequently associated with palpitations, @entity2 , and diaphoresis. All four had elevated urinary @entity6 levels during attacks, and were thought clinically to have a @entity5 . In each case laparotomy revealed a diffusely enlarged @entity7 without a discrete @entity1 . Histologic examination of the adrenals demonstrated a diffuse and nodular expansion of the medulla confirmed by morphometric study. Of the four @entity0 , three underwent unilateral and one bilateral adrenalectomy. Two @entity0 who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy have been free of symptoms for three years. Thus, it would appear that @entity4 may occur unilaterally or asynchronously in the two glands. The bilaterally adrenalectomized @entity0 has had persistent attacks, suggesting that the stimulus to @entity4 may possible affect other chromaffin tissues. On the basis of our cases and a review of the literature, we propose the following criteria for the diagnosis of @entity4 : a clinical history of episodic attacks suggesting @entity5 (generally with associated increased urinary @entity6 levels), an @entity7 showing diffuse expansion of the medulla into the alae or tail of the gland with or without nodule formation, a medulla composed of enlarged cells with or without pleomorphism, and, most important, an increased medulla/cortex ratio, together with an increased calculated medullary weight as determined by morphometric analysis.

title: XXXX : a clinicopathologic study of four cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to obtain useful information for establishing the guidelines for treating high-grade spinal @entity2 . OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: The optimal management of high-grade spinal @entity2 remains controversial. We report the outcomes of the surgical management of 14 high-grade spinal @entity2 . METHODS: We analyzed the outcomes of 14 @entity0 with high-grade spinal @entity2 who were surgically treated between 1989 and 2012. Survival was charted with the Kaplan-Meier plots and comparisons were made with the log-rank test. RESULTS: None of the @entity0 with high-grade spinal @entity2 underwent total resection. Subtotal resection was performed in two @entity0 , partial resection was performed in nine @entity0 , and open biopsy was performed in three @entity0 . All @entity0 underwent postoperative radiotherapy and six @entity0 further underwent radiation cordotomy. The median survival time for @entity0 with high-grade spinal @entity2 was 15 months, with a 5-year survival rate of 22.2%. The median survival time for @entity0 with World Health Organization grade III @entity1 was 25.5 months, whereas the median survival time for @entity0 with @entity3 multiforme was 12.5 months. Both univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models demonstrated a significant effect only in the group that did not include cervical @entity4 as a factor associated with survival (p=0.04 and 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The surgical outcome of @entity0 diagnosed with high-grade spinal @entity2 remains poor. Notably, only the model which excluded cervical @entity4 as a factor significantly predicted survival.

title: Surgical Outcomes of High-Grade Spinal XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the complete resection of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in adults on oncologic and functional outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 82 @entity0 with @entity3 who were surgically treated by the same neurosurgeon at our institution between January 1994 and December 2012. RESULTS: Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 71 @entity0 (86.6%), near total resection (NTR) in 7 @entity0 (8.5%), and subtotal resection (STR) in 3 @entity0 (3.7%). The disease-specific overall survival rate was 100% with the exclusion of 2 surgery-related mortalities. The overall recurrence rate was 12.2% (10 of 82 @entity0 ), however the recurrence rate according to extent of resection (EOR) was 9.9% (7 of 71 @entity0 ) after GTR, 14.3% (1 of 7 @entity0 ) after NTR, and 66.7% (2 of 3 @entity0 ) after STR. The overall recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates at 5 and 10 years were 87.0% and 76.8%, respectively. Postoperatively, most @entity0 (86.3%) needed hormone replacement for at least 1 hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Vision improved in 56.4% of the @entity0 with @entity1 , but deteriorated in 27.4% of @entity0 . @entity4 developed in 32.9% of @entity0 . There were no significant differences in the risks of @entity5 , @entity1 , or @entity4 between the groups with complete vs. incomplete removal. The overall rate of @entity2 was 22.0%, which did not differ between groups (p=0.053). CONCLUSION: The complete removal of a @entity3 at first surgery can provide a chance for a cure with acceptable morbidity and mortality risks.

title: Is the Complete Resection of XXXX in Adults Feasible Considering Both the Oncologic and Functional Outcomes?

answer: @entity3


abstract: Background. Perineal pressure due to bicycle riding has been associated with @entity1 . We developed a novel method to measure the occlusive force exerted over the perineal arteries and determined perineal @entity2 by a variety of seat designs. Methods. Doppler ultrasonography facilitated perineal artery localization and determination of the force required for perineal @entity2 in 20 healthy @entity0 . Flexiforce(  ) sensors were affixed over the proximal and distal aspects of the perineal arteries bilaterally. Individuals completed bicycle rides in the road- and stationary-settings with six distinct seat designs, including those with and without an anterior "nose." Results. The occlusion time proportion of the total ride time was calculated for each trial. The overall occlusion time proportion was 0.59 (95% CI [0.45-0.73]) across all seats and settings. The "no-nose" bicycle seat and the stationary-setting demonstrated significantly lower occlusion proportion times than the traditional nose bicycle seat and road-setting, respectively. However, all bicycle seats yielded an occlusion time proportion of 0.41 or greater. Discussion. Our method of real-time, non-invasive force measurement localized to the perineal arteries may be used to validate future bicycle seat design. It also underscores the significant risk of perineal @entity3 in @entity0 who are avid bicyclists. This risk may be minimized by using newer "no-nose" bicycle seats.

title: A novel method to determine perineal XXXX among male bicyclists.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The superior colliculus (SC) is a midbrain center involved in controlling head and eye movements in response to inputs from multiple sensory modalities. Visual inputs arise from both the @entity1 and converge onto the superficial layer of the SC (sSC). Neurons in sSC send information to deeper layers of SC and to thalamic nuclei that modulate visually guided behaviors. Presently, our understanding of sSC neurons is impeded by a lack of molecular markers that define specific cell types. To better understand the identity and organization of sSC neurons, we took a systematic approach to investigate gene expression within four molecular families: transcription factors, cell adhesion molecules, neuropeptides and @entity2 binding proteins. Our analysis revealed 12 molecules with distinct expression patterns in @entity0 sSC: @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity11 , @entity8 , @entity12 , @entity3 -related orphan receptor b, @entity7 , Ets variant gene 1, @entity6 , @entity4 , vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and @entity5 . Double labeling experiments, by either in situ hybridization or immunostaining, demonstrated that the 12 molecular markers collectively define 10 different sSC neuronal types. The characteristic positions of these cell types divide sSC into 4 distinct layers. The 12 markers identified here will serve as valuable tools to examine molecular mechanisms that regulate development of sSC neuron types. These markers could also be used to examine the connections between specific cell types that form retinocollicular, corticocollicular or colliculothalamic pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Molecular features distinguish ten neuronal types in the XXXX superficial superior colliculus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neuronal differentiation often requires target-derived signals from the cells they innervate. These signals typically activate neural subtype-specific genes, but the gene regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. Highly restricted expression of the @entity3 neuropeptide in @entity0 Tv4 neurons requires target-derived @entity1 signaling and a transcription factor code that includes Apterous. Using integrase transgenesis of enhancer reporters, we functionally dissected the Tv4-enhancer of @entity3 within its native cellular context. We identified two essential but discrete cis-elements, a @entity1 -response element ( @entity1 -RE) that binds @entity1 -activated pMad, and a homeodomain-response element (HD-RE) that binds Apterous. These cis-elements have low activity and must be combined for Tv4-enhancer activity. Such combinatorial activity is often a mechanism for restricting expression to the intersection of cis-element spatiotemporal activities. However, concatemers of the HD-RE and @entity1 -RE cis-elements were found to independently generate the same spatiotemporal expression as the Tv4-enhancer. Thus, the Tv4-enhancer atypically combines two low-activity cis-elements that confer the same output from distinct inputs. The activation of target-dependent genes is assumed to 'wait' for target contact. We tested this directly, and unexpectedly found that premature @entity1 activity could not induce early @entity3 expression; also, we show that the @entity1 -insensitive HD-RE cis-element is activated at the time of target contact. This led us to uncover a role for the nuclear receptor, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), as a repressor of @entity3 induction prior to target contact. @entity2 is normally downregulated immediately prior to target contact, and we found that maintaining @entity2 expression prevents cis-element activation, whereas reducing @entity2 gene dosage prematurely activates cis-element activity. We conclude that the target-dependent @entity3 gene is repressed prior to target contact, and that target-derived @entity1 signaling directly activates @entity3 gene expression through an atypical gene regulatory mechanism.

title: Gene Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying the Spatial and Temporal Regulation of Target-Dependent Gene Expression in XXXX Neurons.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) on long-term survival outcomes following hepatic resection for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is in controversy. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to systematically evaluate the POC effect on @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 undergoing hepatic resection for @entity1 . METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all observational studies to evaluate the POC effect on @entity4 and @entity2 in @entity0 undergoing hepatic resection for @entity1 . A search for all major databases and relevant journals from inception to January 2014 without restriction on languages or regions was performed. @entity3 were extracted and graded according to a validated system of classification. Outcome measures were postoperative 1-, 2-, 3-, and 10-year OSs and DFSs. Both random-effects and fixed-effect models were used to pool the hazard ratios (HRs) of the survival outcomes. Test of heterogeneity was performed with the Q statistic. RESULTS: A total of 2370 @entity0 were included in the meta-analysis. Both 5- and 10-year postoperative OSs showed significant decreases in @entity0 with @entity3 (HR  =  1.52; 95  % CI 1.27-1.83; P  <  0.001 and HR  =  1.36; 95  % CI 1.18-1.58; P  <  0.001, respectively). Similar outcomes were also observed in terms of DFSs, with the 5- and 10-year HRs found to be 1.37 (95  % CI 1.23-1.53; P  <  0.001) and 1.34 (95  % CI 1.17-1.53; P  <  0.001), respectively, compared to no POC group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 are strongly related to long-term oncologic outcomes following hepatic resection for @entity1 . Further efforts to refine surgical technique and postoperative management to avoid complications may improve the long-term oncological outcomes of the selected @entity0 .

title: Postoperative Complications Affect Long-Term Survival Outcomes Following Hepatic Resection for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Of all anti-dsDNA antibody detection methods, the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is considered to have the highest specificity for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this report is to evaluate whether the presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies detected by the @entity1 method is associated with a specific clinical phenotype in recently diagnosed @entity2 . METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included all @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity2 between 1990 and 2011 and followed up in our institution. Demographic, clinical and laboratory findings were assessed. Correlations between positivity of anti-dsDNA by the @entity1 method, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 104 @entity0 were included in the analysis. @entity0 who were positive for anti-dsDNA by the @entity1 method at the time of diagnosis had (statistically) significantly higher titers of anti-dsDNA by the ELISA method, antinuclear (ANA) and anticardiolipin antibodies, @entity3 and complement consumption compared with the other two groups. Also they presented significantly more musculoskeletal symptoms at baseline. CONCLUSION: The presence of anti-dsDNA by the @entity1 method in newly diagnosed @entity2 was associated with certain markers of increased disease activity. Its use could be a useful biomarker for a specific clinical phenotype suggestive of a more severe involvement at the time of the diagnosis.

title: Differences between clinical and laboratory findings in @entity0 with recent diagnosis of XXXX according to the positivity of anti-dsDNA by the Crithidia luciliae method.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Of all anti-dsDNA antibody detection methods, the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is considered to have the highest specificity for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this report is to evaluate whether the presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies detected by the @entity1 method is associated with a specific clinical phenotype in recently diagnosed @entity2 . METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study included all @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity2 between 1990 and 2011 and followed up in our institution. Demographic, clinical and laboratory findings were assessed. Correlations between positivity of anti-dsDNA by the @entity1 method, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 104 @entity0 were included in the analysis. @entity0 who were positive for anti-dsDNA by the @entity1 method at the time of diagnosis had (statistically) significantly higher titers of anti-dsDNA by the ELISA method, antinuclear (ANA) and anticardiolipin antibodies, @entity3 and complement consumption compared with the other two groups. Also they presented significantly more musculoskeletal symptoms at baseline. CONCLUSION: The presence of anti-dsDNA by the @entity1 method in newly diagnosed @entity2 was associated with certain markers of increased disease activity. Its use could be a useful biomarker for a specific clinical phenotype suggestive of a more severe involvement at the time of the diagnosis.

title: Differences between clinical and laboratory findings in XXXX with recent diagnosis of @entity2 according to the positivity of anti-dsDNA by the Crithidia luciliae method.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The survival of advanced @entity1 has been greatly improved within the past few years. New therapeutic strategies like kinase inhibitors for @entity2 -mutant @entity1 and immune checkpoint blockers proved to prolong survival times within clinical trials, and many of them have already entered routine clinical use. However, these different treatment modalities have not yet been tested against each other, which complicate  therapy decisions. We performed an explorative analysis of survival data from recent clinical trials. Thirty-five Kaplan-Meier survival curves from 17 trials were digitised, re-grouped by matching inclusion criteria and treatment line, and averaged by therapy strategy. Notably, the survival curves grouped by therapy strategy revealed a very high concordance, even if different agents were used. The greatest survival improvement was observed with the combination of @entity2 plus @entity4 inhibitors as well as with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) blockers with or without @entity3 ( @entity3 ) blockers, respectively, with these two treatment strategies showing similar survival outcomes. For first-line therapy, averaged survival proportions of @entity0 alive at 12 months were 74.5% with @entity2 plus @entity4 inhibitor treatment versus 71.9% with PD-1 blockade. This explorative comparison shows the kinase inhibitors as similarly effective as immune checkpoint blockers with regard to survival. However, to confirm these first trends for implementation into an individualised treatment of @entity1 @entity0 , data from prospective clinical trials comparing the different treatment strategies head-to-head have to be awaited.

title: Survival of @entity0 with advanced XXXX : The impact of novel therapies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The survival of advanced @entity1 has been greatly improved within the past few years. New therapeutic strategies like kinase inhibitors for @entity2 -mutant @entity1 and immune checkpoint blockers proved to prolong survival times within clinical trials, and many of them have already entered routine clinical use. However, these different treatment modalities have not yet been tested against each other, which complicate  therapy decisions. We performed an explorative analysis of survival data from recent clinical trials. Thirty-five Kaplan-Meier survival curves from 17 trials were digitised, re-grouped by matching inclusion criteria and treatment line, and averaged by therapy strategy. Notably, the survival curves grouped by therapy strategy revealed a very high concordance, even if different agents were used. The greatest survival improvement was observed with the combination of @entity2 plus @entity4 inhibitors as well as with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) blockers with or without @entity3 ( @entity3 ) blockers, respectively, with these two treatment strategies showing similar survival outcomes. For first-line therapy, averaged survival proportions of @entity0 alive at 12 months were 74.5% with @entity2 plus @entity4 inhibitor treatment versus 71.9% with PD-1 blockade. This explorative comparison shows the kinase inhibitors as similarly effective as immune checkpoint blockers with regard to survival. However, to confirm these first trends for implementation into an individualised treatment of @entity1 @entity0 , data from prospective clinical trials comparing the different treatment strategies head-to-head have to be awaited.

title: Survival of XXXX with advanced @entity1 : The impact of novel therapies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The relationship between tracheary element differentiation, cell proliferation and growth hormones was examined in agar-grown @entity0 callus. The time course of cell division and tracheary element formation in tissues grown on a medium containing 5 x 10(-7)m @entity1 and 10(-5)m @entity3 was determined by means of maceration technique. After a slight lag period, a logarithmic increase in cell number was observed through the twelfth day of the culture period. Cell numbers increased at a considerably slower rate after the twelfth day. The rate of tracheary element formation varied with the rate of cell proliferation. Tracheary elements increased logarithmically during the log phase of growth. As the rate of cell division decreased after the twelfth day of culture, the rate of tracheary element formation also decreased. In the presence of 10(-5)m @entity3 , cell number increased as the @entity1 concentration was increased between 10(-9) and 10(-6)m. However, tracheary element formation was not initiated unless the @entity1 concentration was 5 x 10(-8)m or above. When the Biloxi callus was subcultured repeatedly on media containing 10(-8)m @entity1 , a tracheary element-free population of cells was obtained. This undifferentiated tissue produced tracheary elements upon transfer to a medium containing 5 x 10(-7)m @entity1 . In the presence of 5 x 10(-7)m @entity1 , @entity3 stimulated cell proliferation between 10(-7) and 10(-5)m, but no tracheary elements were formed without auxin, or with 10(-7)m @entity3 . Neither @entity3 nor @entity1 at any concentration tested stimulated tracheary element formation in the absence of an effective level of the other hormone. However, @entity2 at 10(-7) or 10(-6)m promoted both cell proliferation and tracheary element differentiation in the absence of an exogenous cytokinin.

title: Hormonal control of cell proliferation and xylem differentiation in cultured tissues of XXXX var. Biloxi.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Noncardiac @entity4 (NCCP) is defined as recurring, @entity5 -like, @entity4 of noncardiac origin. Although @entity0 with NCCP have excellent long-term prognosis, most suffer persistently from their symptoms. Several pathophysiological mechanisms have been suggested, including @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity6 , @entity1 , and @entity3 . Among them, @entity2 is the most common cause of NCCP. Therefore, @entity2 should first be considered as the underlying cause of symptoms in @entity0 with NCCP. Empirical proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment with a preferably double dose for more than 2 months could be cost-effective. PPI test can also be used for diagnosis of @entity2 -related NCCP, but it should be considered for @entity0 with NCCP occurring at least weekly and its duration should be at least 2 weeks. However, upper endoscopy and esophageal pH monitoring are necessary when the diagnosis of @entity2 is uncertain. Esophageal impedance-pH monitoring could further improve the diagnostic yield. @entity0 with @entity2 -related NCCP should preferably be treated with a double dose PPI until symptoms remit (may require more than 2 months of therapy for optimal symptom control), followed by dose tapering to determine the lowest PPI dose that can control symptoms. However, treatment of @entity0 with non- @entity2 -related NCCP is challenging. An empirical treatment of antidepressants could be considered. If there are specific @entity6 , smooth muscle relaxants or endoscopic treatment may be considered in selected cases. If none of these traditional treatments is effective, a psychology consultation for cognitive behavioral therapy should be considered.

title: Noncardiac XXXX : update on the diagnosis and management.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In Japan, the @entity1 screening rate is extremely low. Towards improving the @entity1 screening rate, encouraging eligible @entity0 to make an informed choice, which is a decision-making process that relies on beliefs informed by adequate information about the possible benefits and risks of screening, has attracted increased attention in the public health domain. However, there is concern that providing information on possible risks of screening might prevent deter from participating. METHODS: In total, 1,912 @entity0 aged 20-39 years who had not participated in screening in the fiscal year were selected from a Japanese urban community setting. @entity0 were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A received a printed reminder with information about the possible benefits of screening, group B received a printed reminder with information about possible benefits and risks, and group C received a printed reminder with simple information only (control group). RESULTS: Out of 1,912 @entity0 , 169 (8.8%) participated in @entity1 screening. In the intervention groups, 137 (10.9%) participated in @entity1 screening, compared to only 32 (4.9%) of the control group (p   <   0.001). In addition, logistic regression analysis revealed that there was no significant difference in screening rate between group A and group B (p   =   0.372). CONCLUSIONS: Providing information on the possible risks of screening may not prevent @entity0 from taking part in @entity1 screening among a Japanese non-adherent population.

title: Effect of providing risk information on undergoing XXXX screening: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The paper presents the study of narrations of @entity1 @entity0 focused on the description of activities characteristics. The aim is to answer the question of how experiencing of @entity2 crisis influences the perception of their authorship. Do the inherent characteristics of the activity differ with reference to the period of life which they relate to: the time before getting sick, or after falling ill with @entity1 ? METHODS: The material consisted of narrations of 26 @entity0 with @entity1 about their life prior to the illness and after the @entity2 crisis. Linguistic categories that make up the patterns of activity have been distinguished. The frequency of the occurrence was compared in both narrations. RESULTS: Self-descriptions after falling ill are more saturated with patterns of avoidance, motivation internally localized connected with attempts of coping with the disease and externally localized action control connected with a decreased sense of authorship in relation to experiencing symptoms and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The change of self-image after @entity2 experience concerns the deeper planes of narrative, i.e. the patterns of activity hidden in connection between the content and narrative form. The research showed the decrease of the sense of agency associated with the disease experience.

title: The perception of authorship in XXXX - the analysis of activity patterns in autonarrations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To identify risk factors of actual appendiceal perforation when computed tomography (CT) scans suggest nonperforated @entity3 and accordingly determine surgical priority. METHODS: We collected database of 1362 @entity0 who underwent an appendectomy for @entity2 between 2006 and 2013. A single radiologist selected 1236 @entity0 whose CT scans were suggestive of nonperforated @entity3 . @entity0 were divided into 2 groups: actual nonperforation group and actual perforation group according to intraoperative and pathologic features. Comparison of the 2 groups were made using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 1236 @entity0 , 90 (7.3%) were found to have actual appendiceal perforation. Four risk factors related with actual appendiceal perforation were identified: body temperature>= 37.6        C (HR=1.912, 95%CI: 1.161-3.149; P=0.011), out-of-hospital symptom duration>= 72 h (HR=2.454, 95%CI: 1.292-4.662; P=0.006), age>= 35 years (HR=3.358, 95%CI: 1.968-5.728; P<0.001), and appendiceal diameter on CT scan>= 8 mm (HR=4.294, 95%CI: 1.034-17.832; P=0.045). Actual appendiceal perforation group showed longer operation time, later initiation of diet, longer use of parenteral narcotics, longer hospital stay, and higher incidence of @entity1 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: We proposed here new criteria to select @entity0 with adverse clinical outcomes after appendectomy among the @entity0 with radiologically nonperforated @entity3 . @entity4 outcomes could be improved by determining the surgical priority according to our criteria.

title: Determination of surgical priorities in XXXX based on the probability of undetected appendiceal perforation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Due to the anatomical peculiarity of the appendix, diagnosis of @entity1 arising from this area can be challenging by clinicoradiologic means. We report a case of a rare primary @entity7 with an uncommon presentation. An 86-year-old @entity0 was admitted to our hospital with subacute @entity4 . Computed tomography demonstrated bowel wall thickening with fat stranding in the ileocecal region. The leading diagnostic consideration was @entity2 . Upon colonoscopy, a swollen, distorted ileocecal valve was identified. The remaining colon was otherwise unremarkable. Extensive biopsy sampling of the ileocecal region and colon was performed. A @entity7 within the ileocecal region was diagnosed on biopsy; there was no @entity6 or @entity5 of the remaining biopsies. By cytomorphology and immunoprofile, a @entity7 of appendiceal origin was the primary consideration, further confirmed upon subsequent laparotomy. This case represents an unusual pattern of appendiceal @entity1 spread with localized, @entity8 , creating a milieu which closely simulates @entity3 on imaging modalities.

title: Lymphangitic spread from the appendiceal adenocarcinoma to the ileocecal valve, mimicking XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 (group A streptococci, GAS) is an exclusive @entity0 bacterial pathogen. The virulence potential of this species is tremendous. Interactions with @entity0 range from asymptomatic carriage over mild and superficial infections of skin and mucosal membranes up to systemic purulent @entity2 manifestations. Particularly the latter are a severe threat for predisposed @entity0 and lead to significant @entity3 tolls worldwide. This places GAS among the most important Gram-positive bacterial pathogens. Many recent reviews have highlighted the GAS repertoire of virulence factors, regulators and regulatory circuits/networks that enable GAS to colonize the host and to deal with all levels of the host immune defense. This covers in vitro and in vivo studies, including animal infection studies based on @entity1 and more relevant, macaque monkeys. It is now appreciated that GAS, like many other bacterial species, do not necessarily exclusively live in a planktonic lifestyle. GAS is capable of microcolony and biofilm formation on host cells and tissues. We are now beginning to understand that this feature significantly contributes to GAS pathogenesis. In this review we will discuss the current knowledge on GAS biofilm formation, the biofilm-phenotype associated virulence factors, regulatory aspects of biofilm formation, the clinical relevance, and finally contemporary treatment regimens and future treatment options.

title: XXXX biofilms-formation, biology, and clinical relevance.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6 after @entity1 is uncommon. Injury of the carotid and vertebrobasilar arteries can cause @entity6 due to occlusion of brain blood flow. CASE PRESENTATION: Emergency medical service (EMS) brought a 4-year-old @entity0 involved in a car accident to the emergency room. She had had @entity2 controlled by @entity4 . She was unconscious and her Glasgow @entity3 scale (GCS) score was eight. Early vital signs were stable. Her first brain CT scan showed a @entity5 ( @entity5 ). One day after admission to ICU, her GCS decreased to five; hence, a control brain CT was performed. The brain CT scan showed a @entity6 . Six days after admission, her status worsened and her GCS dropped to three and her pupils became dilated bilaterally and unresponsive to light; she was pronounced dead. DISCUSSION: We present an uncommon case of posttraumatic @entity6 and synchronous @entity5 .

title: Posttraumatic hemicerebral infarction in a four-year-old XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bronchoscopic treatment is 1 of the treatment choices for both palliative and definitive treatment of @entity1 . There is no consensus on the management of these @entity0 , however, especially @entity0 having complex stenoses. The aim of the present study was to assess, in the largest group of @entity0 with complex stenoses yet reported, which types of @entity1 are amenable to optimal management by bronchoscopic treatment. METHODS: The present study was a retrospective cohort study including 132 consecutive @entity0 with benign tracheal stenoses diagnosed between August 2005 and January 2013. The mean age of the study population was 52    18 years; 62 (47%) were @entity0 and 70 (53%) were @entity0 . Their lesions were classified as simple and complex stenoses. RESULTS: Simple stenoses (n  = 6) were treated with 12 rigid and flexible bronchoscopic procedures (mean of 2 per @entity0 ); 5 stents were placed. The total success rate was 100%. Among the 124 complex stenoses, 4 were treated directly with surgical intervention. In total, 481 rigid and 487 flexible bronchoscopic procedures were performed in these @entity0 . In this group, the success rate was 69.8%. CONCLUSIONS: From the present study, we propose that after accurate classification, interventional bronchoscopic management may have an important role in the treatment of @entity1 . Bronchoscopic treatment should be considered as first-line therapy for simple stenoses, whereas complex stenoses need a multidisciplinary approach and often require surgical intervention. However, bronchoscopic treatment may be a valid conservative approach in the management of @entity0 with @entity1 who are not eligible for operative treatment.

title: Bronchoscopic Treatment in the Management of Benign Tracheal Stenosis: Choices for Simple and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Context Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal is traditionally used for treating various ailments, but lacks scientific evaluation. Objective This study evaluates Withania somnifera (WS) for its effect on platelet activity and inflammatory enzymes. Materials and methods Aqueous and ethanolic (1:1) leaf extracts were subjected to in vitro indirect haemolytic activity using @entity11 venom, @entity0 @entity6 was quantified for lipid peroxidation using @entity7 (AA) as agonist and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) levels were determined using standard spectrometric assays. Further, molecular docking was performed by the ligand fit method using molegro software package (Molegro ApS, Aarhus, Denmark). Results The study found that aqueous and @entity4 extracts have very negligible effect (15%) with an IC50 value of 13.8   mg/mL on PLA2 from @entity11 venom. Further, extracts of WS also had very little effect (18%) with an IC50 value of 16.6   mg/mL on @entity5 ( @entity8 ) formation. However, a 65% inhibition of 5-LOX with an IC50 value of 0.92   mg/mL was observed in 1:1 @entity4 extracts. The same was evident from SAR model with the active ingredient @entity10 binding predominantly on @entity3 77, Tyr 98, @entity2 99, @entity9 164, Leu 168, Ser 382, @entity2 395, Tyr 396 and Tyr 614 with an atomic contact energy value of   -128.96 compared to standard @entity12 (-103.61). Thus, the current study validates the application of WS for @entity1 . Conclusion This study reveals the inhibitory potential of W. somnifera on inflammatory enzymes and @entity6 . Thus, WS can serve as a newer, safer and affordable medicine for @entity1 .

title: Evaluating the inhibitory potential of XXXX and inflammation enzymes: An in vitro and in silico study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: A @entity0 with severe @entity3 , complicated by @entity1 , was first treated with a combination o @entity5 and @entity6 . Urine volume dropped from 18 litres/day ( @entity7 = 10.5 ml/min) to 3.1-5.1 litres/day ( @entity7 = -0.1 -+1.1 ml/min) under treatment. Ten months after the beginning of therapy treatment was maintained with @entity6 alone; no significant rise in urine volume was observed. After 18 months when therapy was stopped for 5 days urine volume rose to 11.7 litres/day maximum ( @entity7 = 6.6 ml/min). No obvious side effects occurred under treatment during a follow up for over 18 months. Serum levels for @entity4 before and under treatment were below 1.0 pg/ml. Determination of free water clearance ( @entity7 ) proved to be a highly sensitive and simple method for follow up controls. It is discussed whether the coincidental manifestation of @entity3 and @entity1 may be caused by a single molecular lesion. This hypothesis is supported by data which imply that in both disease @entity6 acts via a common molecular mechanism, the blocking of endogenous @entity2 biosynthesis. Finally a treatment with oral "non-hormonal" drugs like @entity5 and @entity6 should be taken into consideration in some cases of @entity3 as is demonstrated by this case report.

title: Treatment of @entity3 complicated by @entity1 with XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: A @entity0 with severe @entity3 , complicated by @entity1 , was first treated with a combination o @entity5 and @entity6 . Urine volume dropped from 18 litres/day ( @entity7 = 10.5 ml/min) to 3.1-5.1 litres/day ( @entity7 = -0.1 -+1.1 ml/min) under treatment. Ten months after the beginning of therapy treatment was maintained with @entity6 alone; no significant rise in urine volume was observed. After 18 months when therapy was stopped for 5 days urine volume rose to 11.7 litres/day maximum ( @entity7 = 6.6 ml/min). No obvious side effects occurred under treatment during a follow up for over 18 months. Serum levels for @entity4 before and under treatment were below 1.0 pg/ml. Determination of free water clearance ( @entity7 ) proved to be a highly sensitive and simple method for follow up controls. It is discussed whether the coincidental manifestation of @entity3 and @entity1 may be caused by a single molecular lesion. This hypothesis is supported by data which imply that in both disease @entity6 acts via a common molecular mechanism, the blocking of endogenous @entity2 biosynthesis. Finally a treatment with oral "non-hormonal" drugs like @entity5 and @entity6 should be taken into consideration in some cases of @entity3 as is demonstrated by this case report.

title: Treatment of @entity3 complicated by XXXX with @entity6 and @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A @entity0 with severe @entity3 , complicated by @entity1 , was first treated with a combination o @entity5 and @entity6 . Urine volume dropped from 18 litres/day ( @entity7 = 10.5 ml/min) to 3.1-5.1 litres/day ( @entity7 = -0.1 -+1.1 ml/min) under treatment. Ten months after the beginning of therapy treatment was maintained with @entity6 alone; no significant rise in urine volume was observed. After 18 months when therapy was stopped for 5 days urine volume rose to 11.7 litres/day maximum ( @entity7 = 6.6 ml/min). No obvious side effects occurred under treatment during a follow up for over 18 months. Serum levels for @entity4 before and under treatment were below 1.0 pg/ml. Determination of free water clearance ( @entity7 ) proved to be a highly sensitive and simple method for follow up controls. It is discussed whether the coincidental manifestation of @entity3 and @entity1 may be caused by a single molecular lesion. This hypothesis is supported by data which imply that in both disease @entity6 acts via a common molecular mechanism, the blocking of endogenous @entity2 biosynthesis. Finally a treatment with oral "non-hormonal" drugs like @entity5 and @entity6 should be taken into consideration in some cases of @entity3 as is demonstrated by this case report.

title: Treatment of XXXX complicated by @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A @entity0 with severe @entity3 , complicated by @entity1 , was first treated with a combination o @entity5 and @entity6 . Urine volume dropped from 18 litres/day ( @entity7 = 10.5 ml/min) to 3.1-5.1 litres/day ( @entity7 = -0.1 -+1.1 ml/min) under treatment. Ten months after the beginning of therapy treatment was maintained with @entity6 alone; no significant rise in urine volume was observed. After 18 months when therapy was stopped for 5 days urine volume rose to 11.7 litres/day maximum ( @entity7 = 6.6 ml/min). No obvious side effects occurred under treatment during a follow up for over 18 months. Serum levels for @entity4 before and under treatment were below 1.0 pg/ml. Determination of free water clearance ( @entity7 ) proved to be a highly sensitive and simple method for follow up controls. It is discussed whether the coincidental manifestation of @entity3 and @entity1 may be caused by a single molecular lesion. This hypothesis is supported by data which imply that in both disease @entity6 acts via a common molecular mechanism, the blocking of endogenous @entity2 biosynthesis. Finally a treatment with oral "non-hormonal" drugs like @entity5 and @entity6 should be taken into consideration in some cases of @entity3 as is demonstrated by this case report.

title: Treatment of @entity3 complicated by @entity1 with @entity6 and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The effect of excess @entity2 on the closure of the neural tube in @entity0 embryos was examined with light microscopy, transmission and scanning electronmicroscopy. The embryos were treated with the vitamin just before closure of the brain vesicles and examined during the following 24 h, a period during which under normal conditions the brain completely closes. At 18--24 h after treatment the external features of the treated specimens began to differ from those of the controls. In the treated embryos the neural walls folded laterally and became widely separated, whereas those of the controls folded dorsomedially and fused in the midline. Histologically, the first difference between treated and control embryos was noted at two hours after treatment, when large intercellular spaces appeared between the neuroepithelial cells of the treated embryos. These spaces were mainly present between the apical ends of the wedge-shaped neuroepithelial cells. This accumulation of intercellular spaces interfered with the normal morphogenetic movement of the neural walls which remained convex instead of becoming concave. This convex bending resulted in non-closure of the neural tube. In addition to the appearance of large intercellular spaces some neuroepithelial cells as well as some mesenchymal, endothelial, and surface ectoderm cells showed swelling and @entity1 as a result of the @entity2 treatment. This cell @entity1 probably contributes to failure of the neural tube to close due to loss of cohesion at the luminal surface and the lack of mesenchymal support needed for the elevation of the neural walls. However, the increase of intercellular spaces at the apical side of the neuroepithelium is in all probability the major cause for the failure of the neural tube to close.

title: The influence of excess XXXX on neural tube closure in the @entity0 embryo.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effect of excess @entity2 on the closure of the neural tube in @entity0 embryos was examined with light microscopy, transmission and scanning electronmicroscopy. The embryos were treated with the vitamin just before closure of the brain vesicles and examined during the following 24 h, a period during which under normal conditions the brain completely closes. At 18--24 h after treatment the external features of the treated specimens began to differ from those of the controls. In the treated embryos the neural walls folded laterally and became widely separated, whereas those of the controls folded dorsomedially and fused in the midline. Histologically, the first difference between treated and control embryos was noted at two hours after treatment, when large intercellular spaces appeared between the neuroepithelial cells of the treated embryos. These spaces were mainly present between the apical ends of the wedge-shaped neuroepithelial cells. This accumulation of intercellular spaces interfered with the normal morphogenetic movement of the neural walls which remained convex instead of becoming concave. This convex bending resulted in non-closure of the neural tube. In addition to the appearance of large intercellular spaces some neuroepithelial cells as well as some mesenchymal, endothelial, and surface ectoderm cells showed swelling and @entity1 as a result of the @entity2 treatment. This cell @entity1 probably contributes to failure of the neural tube to close due to loss of cohesion at the luminal surface and the lack of mesenchymal support needed for the elevation of the neural walls. However, the increase of intercellular spaces at the apical side of the neuroepithelium is in all probability the major cause for the failure of the neural tube to close.

title: The influence of excess @entity2 on neural tube closure in the XXXX embryo.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: Left atrial (LA) function helps to preserve @entity7 and to control pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in the setting of left ventricular (LV) impairment, but little is known about the contribution of the LA function to @entity6 . We sought whether LA booster pump function was associated with @entity6 in @entity0 undergoing primary prevention @entity5 ( @entity5 ) implantation for @entity2 ( @entity2 ), independent of @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: We identified 124 @entity2 @entity0 (56    13, 67 male) who underwent echocardiography pre- @entity5 implantation for primary prevention. The main outcome measure was appropriate @entity5 therapy (anti- @entity3 pacing or shock). The mitral A-wave was used as an LA functional marker. @entity9 was defined as standard deviation of time to peak strain of each segment. Over a median follow-up of 3.8    2.2 years, 36 @entity0 had appropriate @entity5 therapy, including 23 shocks. @entity0 with appropriate @entity5 therapy had lower A-wave velocity (P < 0.001), larger LA volume (P < 0.001), and impaired circumferential @entity9 (P = 0.006), but similar ejection fraction (EF) (P = 0.40) and @entity10 (P = 0.11). In sequential Cox proportional hazards models, A-wave, E/A ratio, and @entity10 were significantly associated with outcomes, independent of age, sex, and @entity1 or @entity4 . In nested Cox models, mitral A-wave had a prognostic value @entity8 (E/A, E/e', and LA volume) and @entity9 . CONCLUSION: LA booster pump function was an independent and incremental predictor of @entity6 in @entity2 over @entity10 and @entity9 , and may aid better risk stratification in this population.

title: Left atrial booster pump function is an independent predictor of subsequent life-threatening XXXX in non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify potential risk factors such as smoking, @entity1 ( @entity1 ), denture wearing, and consuming vitamin rich foods, and its relation to the development of @entity2 ( @entity2 ).   METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on @entity0 who attended the Department of Dentistry at The University of Jordan Hospital, Amman, Jordan between February and May 2013. Clinical examinations and inspections of 391 @entity0 (203 males and 188 females), 13-74 years of age were conducted to determine the presence of @entity2 . Sublingual varices were classified into 2 categories: grade 0 (few or none visible), and grade one (moderate or severe). Frequency distributions of both @entity2 and risk factors were obtained. Multiple logistic regression analysis and Chi-square test were used to analyze the influence of individual risk factors on the incidence of @entity2 .   RESULTS: There were 88 subjects (22.5%) who had @entity2 . In the multivariate logistic regression model, @entity2 were significantly associated with age (odds ratio [OR]: 2.27, p=0.008) with highest occurrences in the eighth decade of life, gender (OR: 2.74, p=0.001), smoking (OR: 2.93, p=0.002), denture wearing (OR: 2.03, p=0.044), and @entity1 (OR: 4.01, p=0.00).   CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity2 could be indicative of some potential risk factors including old age, female gender, and denture wearing, and may alert the dental clinician to recognize underlying systemic conditions, particularly @entity1 .  Saudi Med J 2015; Vol. 36 (3): 310-315doi: 10.15537/smj.2015.3.10429

title: Sublingual varices in relation to smoking, XXXX , denture wearing, and consuming vitamin rich foods.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Despite nearly a half century of studies, it has not been fully understood how pulmonary alveoli, the elementary gas exchange units in @entity0 lungs, inflate and deflate during respiration. Understanding alveolar dynamics is crucial for treating @entity0 with @entity3 . In-vivo, real-time visualization of the alveoli during respiration has been hampered by active lung movement. Previous studies have been therefore limited to alveoli at lung apices or subpleural alveoli under open thorax conditions. Here we report direct and real-time visualization of alveoli of live intact @entity1 during respiration using tracking X-ray microscopy. Our studies, for the first time, determine the alveolar size of normal @entity1 in respiration without positive end expiratory pressure as 58    14 (mean    s.d.)  m on average, accurately measured in the lung bases as well as the apices. Individual alveoli of normal lungs clearly show heterogeneous inflation from zero to ~25% (6.7    4.7% (mean    s.d.)) in size. The degree of inflation is higher in the lung bases (8.7    4.3% (mean    s.d.)) than in the apices (5.7    3.2% (mean    s.d.)). The fraction of the total tidal volume allocated for @entity2 is 34    3.8% (mean    s.e.m). This study contributes to the better understanding of alveolar dynamics and helps to develop potential treatment options for @entity3 .

title: Synchrotron x-ray imaging of pulmonary alveoli in respiration in live intact XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are the second most common @entity0 of the @entity1 oral cavity resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Recently a @entity1 with multiple oral @entity2 that contained a novel papillomavirus (PV) was reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the genome of this novel PV. To do this a short section of PV DNA was amplified from an oral SCC and 'back-to-back' primers were designed. Due to the circular nature of PV DNA, these primers were then used to amplify the remainder of the genome by inverse PCR. The PCR product was sequenced using next generation sequencing and the full genome of the PV, consisting of 8007 bp, was assembled and analysed. As this is the seventeenth PV identified from the domestic @entity1 , the novel PV was designated @entity1 papillomavirus ( @entity3 ) type 17. Similar to other @entity3 types, the putative coding regions of @entity3 -17 were predicted to produce 5 early and 2 late proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF L1 revealed greater than 70% similarity to @entity3 -2 and @entity3 -7 and we propose that @entity3 -17 also be classified as a Taupapillomavirus 1. While it appears @entity3 -17 is only rarely present in @entity1 oral @entity2 , evidence suggests that this PV could influence the development of oral @entity2 in this species.

title: Genomic characterisation of @entity1 papillomavirus type 17, a possible rare cause of @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are the second most common @entity0 of the @entity1 oral cavity resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Recently a @entity1 with multiple oral @entity2 that contained a novel papillomavirus (PV) was reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the genome of this novel PV. To do this a short section of PV DNA was amplified from an oral SCC and 'back-to-back' primers were designed. Due to the circular nature of PV DNA, these primers were then used to amplify the remainder of the genome by inverse PCR. The PCR product was sequenced using next generation sequencing and the full genome of the PV, consisting of 8007 bp, was assembled and analysed. As this is the seventeenth PV identified from the domestic @entity1 , the novel PV was designated @entity1 papillomavirus ( @entity3 ) type 17. Similar to other @entity3 types, the putative coding regions of @entity3 -17 were predicted to produce 5 early and 2 late proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF L1 revealed greater than 70% similarity to @entity3 -2 and @entity3 -7 and we propose that @entity3 -17 also be classified as a Taupapillomavirus 1. While it appears @entity3 -17 is only rarely present in @entity1 oral @entity2 , evidence suggests that this PV could influence the development of oral @entity2 in this species.

title: Genomic characterisation of XXXX papillomavirus type 17, a possible rare cause of @entity1 @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are the second most common @entity0 of the @entity1 oral cavity resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Recently a @entity1 with multiple oral @entity2 that contained a novel papillomavirus (PV) was reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the genome of this novel PV. To do this a short section of PV DNA was amplified from an oral SCC and 'back-to-back' primers were designed. Due to the circular nature of PV DNA, these primers were then used to amplify the remainder of the genome by inverse PCR. The PCR product was sequenced using next generation sequencing and the full genome of the PV, consisting of 8007 bp, was assembled and analysed. As this is the seventeenth PV identified from the domestic @entity1 , the novel PV was designated @entity1 papillomavirus ( @entity3 ) type 17. Similar to other @entity3 types, the putative coding regions of @entity3 -17 were predicted to produce 5 early and 2 late proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF L1 revealed greater than 70% similarity to @entity3 -2 and @entity3 -7 and we propose that @entity3 -17 also be classified as a Taupapillomavirus 1. While it appears @entity3 -17 is only rarely present in @entity1 oral @entity2 , evidence suggests that this PV could influence the development of oral @entity2 in this species.

title: Genomic characterisation of @entity1 papillomavirus type 17, a possible rare cause of XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 are relatively rare @entity1 that arise from Schwann cells of the sheaths of peripheral nerves. They may be found in any portion of the body. In reported series of @entity2 , the percentage of @entity1 in the head and neck varies from 16% to 45%. Usually demonstrating slow growth, they often have a history of long duration, and are most often diagnosed in adults. Approximately 10% of @entity2 are diagnosed in @entity0 under 21 years of age. In this paper two @entity0 with large @entity2 of the head and neck are reported. In both, the symptoms were of relatively short duration, but physical findings suggested that the @entity1 had been present much longer. One @entity0 was a 10-year-old female with a @entity2 filling the anterior and posterior triangles of the left side of her neck and extending superiorly to the base of the skull. The @entity1 intimately involved the vagus, spinal accessory, and hypoglossal nerves. The other @entity0 was a 12-year-old female with a nasal @entity1 filling the right naris and nasopharynx. Our management of these @entity0 is discussed.

title: XXXX of the head and neck in @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 are relatively rare @entity1 that arise from Schwann cells of the sheaths of peripheral nerves. They may be found in any portion of the body. In reported series of @entity2 , the percentage of @entity1 in the head and neck varies from 16% to 45%. Usually demonstrating slow growth, they often have a history of long duration, and are most often diagnosed in adults. Approximately 10% of @entity2 are diagnosed in @entity0 under 21 years of age. In this paper two @entity0 with large @entity2 of the head and neck are reported. In both, the symptoms were of relatively short duration, but physical findings suggested that the @entity1 had been present much longer. One @entity0 was a 10-year-old female with a @entity2 filling the anterior and posterior triangles of the left side of her neck and extending superiorly to the base of the skull. The @entity1 intimately involved the vagus, spinal accessory, and hypoglossal nerves. The other @entity0 was a 12-year-old female with a nasal @entity1 filling the right naris and nasopharynx. Our management of these @entity0 is discussed.

title: @entity2 of the head and neck in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to determine the frequencies and clinicopathologic effect of a @entity3 [DNA ( @entity1 -5)-methyltransferase 3A] mutation in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 64 @entity0 with @entity2 who had been admitted to Mansoura University Oncology Center were included in the present study. For all @entity0 , DNA extraction and amplification with sequencing analysis using the 310 ABI genetic analyzer for detection of a mutation ( @entity4 ). RESULTS: The @entity3 mutation ( @entity4 ) was found in 12 of the 64 @entity0 (18.8%). The @entity3 mutation was frequently detected in the older age group and was associated with high leukocytic counts, a high bone marrow blast cell percentage, and the frequent presence of extramedullary disease. However, it was not associated with the hemoglobin level, red blood cell count, or platelet count. The @entity0 with mutant @entity2 had a low tendency to achieve remission after induction. These @entity0 had significantly shorter overall survival and shorter disease-free survival compared with those with wild-type @entity2 (P  = .037 and P  = .006, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity3 is frequently mutated in @entity2 and is associated with distinct clinicopathologic entities and a poor prognosis. These findings could help in risk stratification and treatment decisions for @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Clinicopathologic Effect of @entity3 Mutation in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to determine the frequencies and clinicopathologic effect of a @entity3 [DNA ( @entity1 -5)-methyltransferase 3A] mutation in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 64 @entity0 with @entity2 who had been admitted to Mansoura University Oncology Center were included in the present study. For all @entity0 , DNA extraction and amplification with sequencing analysis using the 310 ABI genetic analyzer for detection of a mutation ( @entity4 ). RESULTS: The @entity3 mutation ( @entity4 ) was found in 12 of the 64 @entity0 (18.8%). The @entity3 mutation was frequently detected in the older age group and was associated with high leukocytic counts, a high bone marrow blast cell percentage, and the frequent presence of extramedullary disease. However, it was not associated with the hemoglobin level, red blood cell count, or platelet count. The @entity0 with mutant @entity2 had a low tendency to achieve remission after induction. These @entity0 had significantly shorter overall survival and shorter disease-free survival compared with those with wild-type @entity2 (P  = .037 and P  = .006, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity3 is frequently mutated in @entity2 and is associated with distinct clinicopathologic entities and a poor prognosis. These findings could help in risk stratification and treatment decisions for @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Clinicopathologic Effect of XXXX Mutation in @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 -reperfusion (I/R) causes remote organ injury (e.g., @entity3 ). Oxidation and @entity0 are crucial mechanisms. We investigated the effects of @entity14 , a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory drug, on alleviating @entity3 induced by limb I/R. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male @entity1 were randomized to receive sham operation (Sham), Sham plus @entity14 , I/R, or I/R plus @entity14 and designated as the Sham, Sham+Cep, I/R, or I/R+Cep group, respectively (n  =  6 in each group). I/R was induced by applying @entity9 high around each hind limb for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. RESULTS: The plasma levels of @entity12 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity10 aminotransferase (ALT) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were low, and the levels of AST and ALT of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (both p<0.001). By contrast, the AST and ALT of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (both p<0.001). The hepatic levels of @entity5 (NO), @entity6 ( @entity8 ), @entity13 ( @entity13 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity11 ( @entity11 )/ @entity7 (PGE2) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were also low. As expected, the NO, @entity8 , @entity13 , @entity4 , and @entity11 /PGE2 of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (all p<0.001). By contrast, the NO, @entity8 , @entity13 , @entity4 , and @entity11 /PGE2 of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity14 alleviates @entity3 in a rodent model of limb I/R. The mechanisms may involve reducing oxidation and @entity0 .

title: XXXX alleviates @entity3 in a rodent model of @entity2 -reperfusion.

answer: @entity14


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 -reperfusion (I/R) causes remote organ injury (e.g., @entity3 ). Oxidation and @entity0 are crucial mechanisms. We investigated the effects of @entity14 , a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory drug, on alleviating @entity3 induced by limb I/R. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male @entity1 were randomized to receive sham operation (Sham), Sham plus @entity14 , I/R, or I/R plus @entity14 and designated as the Sham, Sham+Cep, I/R, or I/R+Cep group, respectively (n  =  6 in each group). I/R was induced by applying @entity9 high around each hind limb for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. RESULTS: The plasma levels of @entity12 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity10 aminotransferase (ALT) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were low, and the levels of AST and ALT of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (both p<0.001). By contrast, the AST and ALT of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (both p<0.001). The hepatic levels of @entity5 (NO), @entity6 ( @entity8 ), @entity13 ( @entity13 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity11 ( @entity11 )/ @entity7 (PGE2) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were also low. As expected, the NO, @entity8 , @entity13 , @entity4 , and @entity11 /PGE2 of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (all p<0.001). By contrast, the NO, @entity8 , @entity13 , @entity4 , and @entity11 /PGE2 of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity14 alleviates @entity3 in a rodent model of limb I/R. The mechanisms may involve reducing oxidation and @entity0 .

title: @entity14 alleviates XXXX in a rodent model of @entity2 -reperfusion.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 -reperfusion (I/R) causes remote organ injury (e.g., @entity3 ). Oxidation and @entity0 are crucial mechanisms. We investigated the effects of @entity14 , a potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory drug, on alleviating @entity3 induced by limb I/R. METHODS: Twenty-four adult male @entity1 were randomized to receive sham operation (Sham), Sham plus @entity14 , I/R, or I/R plus @entity14 and designated as the Sham, Sham+Cep, I/R, or I/R+Cep group, respectively (n  =  6 in each group). I/R was induced by applying @entity9 high around each hind limb for 3 hours followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. RESULTS: The plasma levels of @entity12 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity10 aminotransferase (ALT) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were low, and the levels of AST and ALT of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (both p<0.001). By contrast, the AST and ALT of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (both p<0.001). The hepatic levels of @entity5 (NO), @entity6 ( @entity8 ), @entity13 ( @entity13 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity11 ( @entity11 )/ @entity7 (PGE2) of the Sham and Sham+Cep groups were also low. As expected, the NO, @entity8 , @entity13 , @entity4 , and @entity11 /PGE2 of the I/R group were significantly higher than those of the Sham group (all p<0.001). By contrast, the NO, @entity8 , @entity13 , @entity4 , and @entity11 /PGE2 of the I/R+Cep group were significantly lower than those of the I/R group (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity14 alleviates @entity3 in a rodent model of limb I/R. The mechanisms may involve reducing oxidation and @entity0 .

title: @entity14 alleviates @entity3 in a rodent model of XXXX -reperfusion.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently, laparoscopic distal gastrectomy has become one of the standard therapies for early @entity2 . However, there are still some obstacles in performing laparoscopic total gastrectomy( @entity3 )as a standard therapy due to the difficulties in surgical techniques. We have performed @entity3 for @entity0 with early @entity2 in the upper portion of the stomach since 2010. In this study, we compared early clinical outcomes of @entity3 with those of open total gastrectomy (OTG)for @entity0 with cT1N0 @entity2 . METHODOLOGY: We reviewed 69 @entity0 who had @entity2 of cStage IA between January 2010 and December 2013. We performed a comparative study of short-term clinical outcomes, quantity of dissected lymph nodes, and in-hospital costs between @entity0 undergoing @entity3 (n=34)and those undergoing OTG(n=35). RESULTS: The clinical characteristics of @entity0 were well matched in the @entity3 and OTG groups. The median operating time was significantly longer for the @entity3 group(p<.0001). The estimated @entity1 was significantly reduced in the @entity3 group(p< 0.0001). The postoperative morbidity rate was 14.7% in the @entity3 group and 14.2% in the OTG group with no significant difference. There were no differences in the total cost for hospital stay between the @entity3 and OTG groups. CONCLUSIONS: We were able to perform @entity3 safely and successfully for early @entity2 in our institute. The total cost of the treatment was almost the same between @entity3 and OTG. We conclude that @entity3 is a potential alternative in the management of early @entity2 .

title: [Comparison of Early Clinical Outcomes between Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy and Open Total Gastrectomy for Early-Stage XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of treating obstructive left-sided @entity5 with a combination of self-expandable metallic stent(SEMS)insertion and laparoscopic surgery. Ten @entity0 were included in this study. Two @entity0 @entity5 , and eight had obstructive sigmoid @entity5 . The @entity0 had a SEMS inserted preoperatively as a bridge to surgery. Efficient decompression was achieved in all the @entity0 , without any complications. Normal oral intake was possible until the laparoscopic, or laparoscope-assisted, one-stage radical operation. The SEMS insertion did not affect the surgical maneuver or laparoscopic operation at all. None of the @entity0 developed any @entity4 . After surgery, five @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity3 and three @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity2 . The remaining two @entity0 had distant @entity1 (para-aortic lymph node and liver)and were diagnosed with Stage IVdisease. Chemotherapy was administered to the two @entity0 with Stage IVdisease after a comparatively early recovery from a less invasive surgical procedure. SEMS insertion appears to be an effective, less invasive decompression method. When used in combination with laparoscopic surgery, SEMS insertion appears to be a safe and less invasive method of treating obstructive left-sided @entity5 .

title: [Combination of self-expandable metallic stent insertion and laparoscopic surgery as a less invasive treatment of obstructive left-sided XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine how pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), parity, and pregnancy-related weight changes are associated with long-term risk of @entity3 . METHODS: A total of 79,687 mothers with singleton births from the Danish National Birth Cohort were included. Information on height and weight prior to pregnancy and 6 months postpartum as well as gestational weight gain (GWG) was obtained from telephone interviews, while parity was derived from the Danish Medical Birth Registry. Diagnoses of musculoskeletal conditions, including @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity5 , and soft tissue disorders, were obtained from the Danish National @entity0 Registry. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of musculoskeletal conditions during a median follow-up of 12.4 years was 19.7%. The risk of musculoskeletal conditions increased with both increasing pre-pregnancy BMI and increasing parity. Compared to normal-weight first-time mothers, the highest risk was seen in @entity1 @entity0 with >2 births (HR 1.61 [95% confidence interval 1.41-1.83]). GWG of 10-15 kg was associated with the lowest risk of musculoskeletal conditions. Compared to @entity0 with no change in weight from preconception to 6 months after childbirth (  1 BMI unit), increasing postpartum weight increased the risk of musculoskeletal conditions in normal-weight and overweight @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that high pre-pregnancy BMI increases the risk of @entity3 . Low and high GWG, higher postpartum weight retention, and especially higher parity are associated with an increased risk. Prevention of being overweight before, during, and after pregnancy may reduce the risk of development of @entity3 among mothers.

title: Association of Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index, Pregnancy-Related Weight Changes, and Parity With the Risk of Developing XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In 20 healthy subjects hydro-saline depletion was achieved by a 4-day natriuretic treatment associated with hypo-saline diet. @entity1 (DA) was infused in subpressor dose (.1 microgram . kg-1 . @entity2 ) during sustained hypotonic @entity5 induced by 5% @entity0 infusion. Four 15-min clearance periods were performed. DA was infused during the 2nd and the 3rd period. The effective renal plasma flow (RPF) as well as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were calculated by PAH and @entity3 clearances, respectively. In our experimental conditions DA produced: a) an increase in the abnormally isoosmotic @entity4 reabsorption as % of @entity4 distal load; b) a decrease in both @entity4 and osmolar clearance; c) an early increase in free water clearance. RPF and GFR decreased not significantly. The present results indicate that DA in hydro-saline depletion helps to preserve the extracellular fluid volume in minimizing the salt and water loss associated with hypotonic @entity5 . These effects on @entity4 excretion may be related to sympathomimetic properties acquired by DA in this experimental condition.

title: [Sympathomimetic component of XXXX renal action in water-saline depletion].

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We evaluate the associations between 3 @entity3 scoring systems and their components with perioperative complications of partial nephrectomy. METHODS: A consecutive cohort of partial nephrectomy @entity0 was analyzed. @entity0 characteristics were abstracted from medical records. PADUA scores (preoperative aspects and dimensions used for anatomic classification), RENAL (radius exophyic/endophytic nearness anterior/posterior location scoring) nephrometry scores, and Centrality index (C-index) were determined from preoperative axial images by 2 independent reviewers. Cases were evaluated for @entity2 up to 30 days after surgery. Pre-specified complication definitions were used for 33 potential medical and surgical complications. Unadjusted and adjusted associations between overall scores, individual components, and complications were determined using log binomial regression. RESULTS: In total, 118 @entity0 were included in the study. Of these, 36 (30.5%) surgical complications occurred in 27 (22.9%) @entity0 . Fourteen (11.9%) were Clavien grade >= 3. Overall PADUA score was significantly associated with surgical and overall complications after adjusting for potential confounders. Among all components of the 3 scoring systems, only @entity1 diameter and exophytic/endophytic nature of the @entity1 were significantly associated with complications after adjusting for the other components of the respective scoring system (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 scoring systems may help predict the risk of complications after partial nephrectomy. Further refinement of current systems is required. A first step would be to include only components that are significantly associated with complications.

title: The association between XXXX scoring system components and complications of partial nephrectomy.

answer: @entity3