abstract: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is one of the @entity2 , which rarely arises in the abdominal space. We report a very rare case of @entity7 , mimicking another @entity2 . A 52-year-old Japanese @entity0 was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment of @entity6 . Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed an enhanced nodule within the gallbladder, and incidentally, also showed a well-circumscribed mass adjacent to the small intestine. The mass was depicted as slightly high density in plain CT, and with contrast-enhancement, the mass was partially stained in early phase and the stained area spread heterogeneously in delayed phase. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the abdominal mass was depicted as slightly high intensity on T2-weighted imaging and low intensity on T1-weighted imaging. With double-balloon endoscopy and capsule endoscopy, we did not find any @entity1 inside the small intestine. These visual findings lead us to diagnose it as @entity4 of the small intestine with extraluminal growth. We planned to resect both the @entity5 at the same time for pathologic diagnosis and treatment. When the operation was performed, we found a milk-white lobulated @entity1 on the greater omentum and the @entity1 was entirely resected. Microscopically, the @entity6 was diagnosed as @entity3 , and the omental @entity1 was diagnosed as @entity7 . It is important to bear in mind that omental SFTs sometimes mimic other @entity2 and should be included in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 not revealed by endoscopy.

title: XXXX of the greater omentum, mimicking @entity4 of the small intestine: a case report.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is one of the @entity2 , which rarely arises in the abdominal space. We report a very rare case of @entity7 , mimicking another @entity2 . A 52-year-old Japanese @entity0 was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment of @entity6 . Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed an enhanced nodule within the gallbladder, and incidentally, also showed a well-circumscribed mass adjacent to the small intestine. The mass was depicted as slightly high density in plain CT, and with contrast-enhancement, the mass was partially stained in early phase and the stained area spread heterogeneously in delayed phase. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the abdominal mass was depicted as slightly high intensity on T2-weighted imaging and low intensity on T1-weighted imaging. With double-balloon endoscopy and capsule endoscopy, we did not find any @entity1 inside the small intestine. These visual findings lead us to diagnose it as @entity4 of the small intestine with extraluminal growth. We planned to resect both the @entity5 at the same time for pathologic diagnosis and treatment. When the operation was performed, we found a milk-white lobulated @entity1 on the greater omentum and the @entity1 was entirely resected. Microscopically, the @entity6 was diagnosed as @entity3 , and the omental @entity1 was diagnosed as @entity7 . It is important to bear in mind that omental SFTs sometimes mimic other @entity2 and should be included in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 not revealed by endoscopy.

title: @entity7 of the greater omentum, mimicking XXXX of the small intestine: a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The best surgical technique for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is still disputed. The objective of this prospective randomized study is to compare the short and long-term results of @entity3 and Karydakis flap surgeries that have been widely used in recent years. Ninety one @entity0 were included in the study. The @entity0 were divided into two groups: @entity3 ( @entity3 ; n = 46) and Karydakis flap (KF; n = 45). Preoperative findings of the @entity0 , their surgical findings, and short and long-term postoperative findings were recorded and statistically compared. While no significant difference was discovered between the groups in terms of postoperative analgesic need, hospital stay, @entity1 rate, drain stay time, painless sitting time, painless toilet-sitting time, and painless walking time, return to work or school time was shorter in the @entity3 group compared with the KF group (20.61    7.89 days, 23.29    6.42, respectively; P < 0.05). Cosmetically, the visual analog scale (VAS) of the KF group was significantly higher than that of the @entity3 group (VAS score 7.12    1.28, 5.45    1.77, respectively; P < 0.05). Considering recurrence rates, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups. Our study found out that short and long-term results of the @entity3 and KF procedures are similar. We believe both methods can be safely used in surgical @entity2 treatment given that in the @entity3 procedure, shorter return-to-work time is achieved, while the procedure provides better cosmetic results.

title: Comparison of modified limberg flap and karydakis flap operations in XXXX surgery: prospective randomized study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We describe here a @entity0 with @entity5 of the small intestine, diagnosed by double-balloon endoscopy (DBE), who was treated with transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic surgery (T-SILS). A 9-year-old @entity0 presented to another hospital with intermittent fresh melena of a duration of 5 months and 4 days. Anoscopy and gastric mucosal membrane scintigraphy were unsuccessful diagnostically, and he was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment. Under general anesthesia, we performed DBE by an anal route, with the ileum assessed for a distance of about 150 cm from the ileocecal valve. Although no @entity3 lesion was found in the colon, a flat elevated @entity4 approximately 20 mm in size was observed 20 cm from the ileocecal valve, suggesting @entity5 of the small intestine. A tattoo was made under DBE, and wedge resection by T-SILS was performed 1 month later under general anesthesia. The excised specimen appeared as a flat, elevated @entity4 approximately 20 mm in size. Histopathologic analysis revealed several dilated and distorted veins within the submucosa of the small intestine. The @entity0 was diagnosed with @entity5 of the small intestine. His postoperative course was uneventful, and he remained free of recurrent @entity2 18 months after the operation. This is the first case report showing the diagnosis, localization, and tattooing of an obscure @entity2 lesion of the small intestine by preoperative @entity1 by subsequent T-SILS in @entity0 .

title: Success of Minimally Invasive Transumbilical Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (T-SILS) Plus Double-Balloon Endoscopy (DBE) for XXXX : A Case Report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Differentiated @entity3 (DTC) is the most common @entity5 . @entity6 has a good prognosis and survival rates higher than 85%. The aim of our study was to assess our current survival rate and to analyze prognostic factors. @entity0 AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 308 @entity0 with DTC (93.5% with @entity1 , 78.8% @entity0 ). Mean age at diagnosis was 45.4  15.8years, and mean follow-up time was 8.9  6.8years. The whole group was treated and followed up using the same protocol at our hospital. The following data were collected: age at diagnosis, sex, histology, @entity4 stage, treatments, and date and cause of @entity2 . Survival probability was calculated using Kaplan-Meier analyses. Prognostic factors were analyzed using a univariate log rank test and a multivariate Cox regression analysis model. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity0 died during follow-up, 15 of them (4.9%) from DTC. @entity3 -related survival was 92.7% for the whole group. In multivariate analyses, the following parameters were associated to a significantly increased risk of @entity2 from DTC: presence of distant metastases, follicular histology, age at diagnosis older than 60years, and extrathyroid invasion. DISCUSSION: Our survival rate is similar to that reported in literature. Assessment of prognostic factors related to an increased risk of @entity2 in our @entity0 group, is essential to establish active therapeutic approaches in high risk @entity0 .

title: [Differentiated XXXX : survival and prognostic factors].

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Emergency surgery for colorectal malignant obstruction is thought to correlate with poor outcome. The main aim of our study was to identify possible factors that could predict obstruction, and risk factors of poor postoperative outcome. The second aim was to determine any differences between primary @entity4 and stoma creation in the obstruction population, especially in @entity2 . METHODS: A retrospective review of 212 @entity0 who underwent surgery for @entity3 between January 2008 and January 2013 was performed. Fifty-five @entity0 (26%) underwent emergency surgery for completely obstructing @entity3 , and 157 (74%) underwent elective surgery. RESULTS: The groups were comparable for age, gender, ASA score, @entity2 location, @entity2 stage, lymph node @entity1 and mortality. Advanced @entity2 stage was recorded as the only prognostic factor of obstruction (p=0.001). Postoperative mortality rate was 9.1% in the obstruction group and 6.4% in the elective group (p=0.498). Analysis didn't reveal any risk factors for poor early outcome in the obstruction group. All @entity0 with right-sided obstructive @entity2 were treated with resection and primary @entity4 , while the same procedure was performed in almost 61% of operations for @entity2 with no anastomotic failure. CONCLUSIONS: Obstructive @entity3 presents at a more advanced stage compared with @entity2 , with, interestingly, no statistically significant differences in postoperative mortality. Risk factors of poor early outcome couldn't be identified. Resection and primary restitution of continuity is the surgical approach of choice for right-sided obstructive @entity2 , but it can be, also, safely performed in left-sided @entity2 .

title: Emergency surgery for obstructing XXXX : prognostic and risk factors.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) is one of the main pathways downstream of cytokine receptors and growth factor receptors by transducing signals from cell surface to the nucleus. In this study, we aimed to survey the role of @entity5 /STAT pathway in the progress of @entity1 . Right parietal cortical contusion in @entity0 was induced by the Feeney free @entity2 model. The activation of @entity5 , @entity7 and @entity4 in pericontusional cortex was determined by Western blotting, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Moreover, we assessed the neurological recovery (using Neurological Severity Scores (NSS)) of @entity0 under the pretreatment of a @entity5 inhibitor, @entity6 . Western blotting revealed that expression of p- @entity5 , p- @entity7 and p- @entity4 increased immediately, peaked at 3h after @entity1 and decreased thereafter, and the activation could be inhibited by @entity6 . Immunohistochemical study showed that @entity5 /STAT pathway was activated in both neurons and astrocytes at 3h after @entity1 . @entity4 -specific binding activity was obviously enhanced after @entity1 and down-regulated after @entity6 administration. The higher NSS of @entity1 + @entity6 group revealed a worse behavior recovery when compared with @entity1 + @entity3 group. Our results suggest that the @entity5 /STAT pathway is activated in pericontusional cortex of @entity0 , and may be involved in the neurological function recovery after @entity1 .

title: Activation of XXXX /STAT pathway in cerebral cortex after experimental traumatic brain injury of @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) is one of the main pathways downstream of cytokine receptors and growth factor receptors by transducing signals from cell surface to the nucleus. In this study, we aimed to survey the role of @entity5 /STAT pathway in the progress of @entity1 . Right parietal cortical contusion in @entity0 was induced by the Feeney free @entity2 model. The activation of @entity5 , @entity7 and @entity4 in pericontusional cortex was determined by Western blotting, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Moreover, we assessed the neurological recovery (using Neurological Severity Scores (NSS)) of @entity0 under the pretreatment of a @entity5 inhibitor, @entity6 . Western blotting revealed that expression of p- @entity5 , p- @entity7 and p- @entity4 increased immediately, peaked at 3h after @entity1 and decreased thereafter, and the activation could be inhibited by @entity6 . Immunohistochemical study showed that @entity5 /STAT pathway was activated in both neurons and astrocytes at 3h after @entity1 . @entity4 -specific binding activity was obviously enhanced after @entity1 and down-regulated after @entity6 administration. The higher NSS of @entity1 + @entity6 group revealed a worse behavior recovery when compared with @entity1 + @entity3 group. Our results suggest that the @entity5 /STAT pathway is activated in pericontusional cortex of @entity0 , and may be involved in the neurological function recovery after @entity1 .

title: Activation of @entity5 /STAT pathway in cerebral cortex after experimental traumatic brain injury of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The onset and offset of action of anesthetic gases might be delayed by respiratory changes and gas exchange alterations present in @entity1 @entity0 . In this study, we assessed the influence of @entity1 on the hysteresis between @entity5 and its effect as measured by the bispectral index (BIS). Because the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in @entity1 @entity0 has improved gas exchange, we also assessed the influence of PEEP on hysteresis. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 and 15 normal-weight @entity0 , ASA physical status I and II, 20 to 50 years old, scheduled to undergo general anesthesia for elective laparoscopic surgery, were prospectively studied. Anesthesia was induced with @entity3 and maintained with @entity5 and @entity6 . At the end of surgery and after stable BIS values of 60 to 65, the inspired concentration of @entity5 was increased to 5 vol% for 5 minutes or until BIS was <40 and then decreased. @entity5 transitions were performed once in normal-weight subjects (without PEEP) and twice in @entity1 @entity0 (one without PEEP and one with a PEEP of 8 cm @entity4 ). The hysteresis between @entity5 end-tidal concentrations and BIS during these transition periods was modeled with an inhibitory Emax model using a population pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic (PK/ @entity2 ) approach with NONMEM VI. A descriptive analysis of @entity5 inspired and expired concentrations, BIS values, and time to reach different BIS end points was also used to compare the PK and @entity2 characteristics. RESULTS: All @entity0 completed the study. The data were adequately fit with the PK/ @entity2 model. The hysteresis expressed as the effect-site elimination rate constant was not influenced by body mass index or PEEP (P > 0.05). Neither @entity1 nor PEEP showed any influence on the PK/ @entity2 descriptors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not support the hypothesis that @entity1 prolongs induction or recovery times when @entity5 , a poorly soluble anesthetic, is used to maintain anesthesia from 90 to 120 minutes.

title: Obesity does not influence the onset and offset of XXXX effect as measured by the hysteresis between @entity5 concentration and bispectral index.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The onset and offset of action of anesthetic gases might be delayed by respiratory changes and gas exchange alterations present in @entity1 @entity0 . In this study, we assessed the influence of @entity1 on the hysteresis between @entity5 and its effect as measured by the bispectral index (BIS). Because the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in @entity1 @entity0 has improved gas exchange, we also assessed the influence of PEEP on hysteresis. METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 and 15 normal-weight @entity0 , ASA physical status I and II, 20 to 50 years old, scheduled to undergo general anesthesia for elective laparoscopic surgery, were prospectively studied. Anesthesia was induced with @entity3 and maintained with @entity5 and @entity6 . At the end of surgery and after stable BIS values of 60 to 65, the inspired concentration of @entity5 was increased to 5 vol% for 5 minutes or until BIS was <40 and then decreased. @entity5 transitions were performed once in normal-weight subjects (without PEEP) and twice in @entity1 @entity0 (one without PEEP and one with a PEEP of 8 cm @entity4 ). The hysteresis between @entity5 end-tidal concentrations and BIS during these transition periods was modeled with an inhibitory Emax model using a population pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic (PK/ @entity2 ) approach with NONMEM VI. A descriptive analysis of @entity5 inspired and expired concentrations, BIS values, and time to reach different BIS end points was also used to compare the PK and @entity2 characteristics. RESULTS: All @entity0 completed the study. The data were adequately fit with the PK/ @entity2 model. The hysteresis expressed as the effect-site elimination rate constant was not influenced by body mass index or PEEP (P > 0.05). Neither @entity1 nor PEEP showed any influence on the PK/ @entity2 descriptors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not support the hypothesis that @entity1 prolongs induction or recovery times when @entity5 , a poorly soluble anesthetic, is used to maintain anesthesia from 90 to 120 minutes.

title: Obesity does not influence the onset and offset of @entity5 effect as measured by the hysteresis between XXXX concentration and bispectral index.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Electron-transfer reactions are fundamental to many practical devices, but because of their complexity, it is often very difficult to interpret measurements done on the complete device. Therefore, studies of model systems are crucial. Here the rates of charge separation and recombination in donor-acceptor systems consisting of a series of @entity3 -linked @entity1 oligomers (n = 1-4, 6) appended to @entity2 were investigated. At room temperature, excitation of the @entity1 oligomer led to fast (5-25 ps) electron transfer to @entity2 followed by slower (200-650 ps) recombination. The temperature dependence of the charge-separation reaction revealed a complex process for the longer oligomers, in which a combination of (i) direct charge separation and (ii) migration of excitation energy along the oligomer followed by charge separation explained the observed fluorescence decay kinetics. The energy migration is controlled by the temperature-dependent conformational dynamics of the longer oligomers and thereby limits the quantum yield for charge separation. Charge recombination was also studied as a function of temperature through measurements of femtosecond transient absorption. The temperature dependence of the electron-transfer reactions could be successfully modeled using the Marcus equation through optimization of the electronic coupling (V) and the reorganization energy (  ). For the charge-separation rate, all of the donor-acceptor systems could be successfully described by a common electronic coupling, supporting a model in which energy migration is followed by charge separation. In this respect, the @entity2 -appended @entity1 oligomers are suitable model systems for practical charge-separation devices such as bulk-heterojunction solar cells, where @entity0 strongly influences the electron-transfer reactions and performance of the device.

title: Temperature dependence of charge separation and recombination in XXXX oligomer-fullerene donor-acceptor systems.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 is a common and often debilitating condition for which available treatments are limited. Because a low-fat plant-based diet has been shown to improve glycemic control in individuals with @entity3 2 @entity0 , we hypothesized that such a diet would reduce @entity5 of @entity6 . METHODS: In this 20-week pilot study, individuals with @entity3 2 @entity0 and @entity6 were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group was asked to follow a low-fat, plant-based diet, with weekly classes for support in following the prescribed diet, and to take a @entity4 supplement. The control group was asked to take the same @entity4 supplement, but received no other intervention. At baseline, midpoint and 20 weeks, clinical, laboratory and questionnaire data were collected. Questionnaires included an analog 'worst @entity2 ' scale, Michigan @entity1 Screening Instrument, global impression scale, Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, @entity1 Total Symptom Score, a weekly @entity2 diary and Norfolk Quality of Life Questionnaire. RESULTS: After 20 weeks, body weight change with the intervention was -6.4   kg (95% confidence interval (CI) -9.4 to -3.4, P<0.001) in an effect size analysis. Electrochemical skin conductance in the foot improved by an average of 12.4 microseimens (95% CI 1.2-23.6, P=0.03) with the intervention in an effect size analysis. The between-group difference in change in @entity2 , as measured by the @entity2 questionnaire, was -8.2 points (95% CI -16.1 to -0.3, P=0.04). Michigan @entity1 Screening Instrument questionnaire score change was -1.6 points (95% CI -3.0 to -0.2, P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Improvements were seen in some clinical and @entity2 measures. This pilot study suggests the potential value of a plant-based diet intervention, including weekly support classes, for treating @entity6 .

title: A dietary intervention for chronic XXXX : a randomized controlled pilot study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The panel of laboratory tests available for diagnosis of @entity1 in @entity0 and @entity2 is wide, and, recently, several new tests have been developed. This article will focus on advances in laboratory tests that are available for the general practitioner for diagnosis of @entity1 . Laboratory tests for diagnosis of gastric and intestinal infectious diseases include fecal parasite screening tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for @entity6 , and some specific bacterial tests like fluorescent in situ hybridization for identification of specific bacteria attached to the intestinal epithelial cells. Serum concentrations of @entity5 and @entity7 are markers of intestinal absorption, but are also changed in exocrine @entity8 and intestinal @entity9 . Hypocobalaminemia is common in GI and @entity3 . Decreased serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity is a very sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of exocrine @entity8 in @entity0 and cats. Serum pancreatic lipase is currently the most sensitive and specific test to identify @entity3 and acute @entity4 . However, serum canine pancreas-specific lipase is less sensitive in @entity0 chronic @entity4 . Increased serum trypsin-like immunoreactivity is also specific for pancreatic damage but is less sensitive. It is very likely that further studies will help to better specify the role of these new tests in the diagnosis of @entity0 and feline @entity3 .

title: Laboratory tests for diagnosis of gastrointestinal and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Systemic cooling for cardiopulmonary bypass is widely used to attenuate the @entity6 and @entity3 in @entity0 after open surgery. We compared the effects of moderate (24   C) and mild (34   C) @entity7 during bypass on markers of the @entity6 and @entity3 , and on clinical outcome after corrective surgery for @entity5 . METHODS: Sixty-six @entity0 (mean age, 6.8    5.7 months; mean weight, 6.2    2.3 kg) were randomized to 24   C or 34   C bypass temperature during cardiac surgery. Perfusion strategies were otherwise strictly identical. Clinical data and blood samples were collected before bypass, 5 minutes after aortic crossclamp release, and 4, 24, and 48 hours after bypass. @entity0 were followed up until discharge from the hospital. RESULTS: In the 54 @entity0 with outcome data, bypass temperature did not influence the duration of mechanical ventilation between the 24   C group and the 34   C group (median [interquartile range] 22 [13-40] hours vs 14 [8-40] hours, P = .14), intensive care unit stay (43 [24-49] hours vs 29 [23-47] hours, P = .79), @entity4 (29 [20-38] mL/kg vs 23 [13-38] mL/kg, P = .36), or incidence of @entity2 (9% vs 11%, P = 1.0). There was no evidence of an influence of bypass temperature on the markers of acute @entity1 , innate immune response, @entity3 , coagulation, or hemodynamics. CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence that the @entity6 and @entity3 after pediatric open surgery are influenced by bypass temperature. The routine use of hypothermic bypass may not be warranted in the pediatric population.

title: The influence of bypass temperature on the systemic inflammatory response and XXXX after pediatric open surgery: a randomized trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To revise the 2003 version of the American Urological Association's (AUA) Guideline on the management of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From MEDLINE   searches of English language publications (January 1999 through February 2008) using relevant MeSH terms, articles concerning the management of the index @entity0 , a male >= 45 years of age who is consulting a healthcare provider for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were identified. Qualitative analysis of the evidence was performed. Selected studies were stratified by design, comparator, follow-up interval, and intensity of intervention, and meta-analyses (quantitative synthesis) of outcomes of randomized controlled trials were planned. Guideline statements were drafted by an appointed expert Panel based on the evidence. RESULTS: The studies varied as to @entity0 selection; randomization; blinding mechanism; run-in periods; @entity0 demographics, comorbidities, prostate characteristics and symptoms; drug doses; other intervention characteristics; comparators; rigor and intervals of follow-up; trial duration and timing; suspected lack of applicability to current US practice; and techniques of outcomes measurement. These variations affected the quality of the evidence reviewed making formal meta-analysis impractical or futile. Instead, the Panel and extractors reviewed the data in a systematic fashion and without statistical rigor. Diagnosis and treatment algorithms were adopted from the 2005 International Consultation of @entity2 . Guideline statements concerning pharmacotherapies, watchful waiting, surgical options and minimally invasive procedures were either updated or newly drafted, peer reviewed and approved by AUA Board of Directors. CONCLUSIONS: New pharmacotherapies and technologies have emerged which have impacted treatment algorithms. The management of LUTS/ @entity1 continues to evolve.

title: Update on AUA guideline on the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In a randomized, double-blind, prospective study, we investigated whether an intraoperative high versus low dose of @entity5 increased @entity4 and whether @entity3 can prevent @entity5 -induced @entity4 . METHODS: Ninety @entity0 undergoing thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups. @entity5 was intraoperatively infused at 0.05  g/kg/min (group LO) or 0.2  g/kg/min (groups HI and HM). @entity0 in group HM received @entity6 30 mg/kg at induction followed by an intraoperative infusion of 10 mg/kg/h. @entity1 thresholds on the forearm and periincisional area were assessed by von Frey filament the evening before surgery and postoperatively at 24 and 48 hours. @entity1 measured on a verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS) (0-10) and additional analgesics were recorded in the postanesthesia care unit postoperatively at 6, 24, and 48 hours. RESULTS: There was a significantly greater decrease in @entity1 threshold on the periincisional area at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively in group HI, as compared with the other 2 groups. The 95% confidence intervals for the mean difference in @entity1 thresholds on the periincisional area at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively were 0.31 to 1.11 and 0.36 to 1.14 for group HI versus group LO, 0.45 to 1.26 and 0.54 to 1.32 for group HI versus group HM (values are log(10) of force in milligrams). The change in @entity1 threshold on the forearm was similar among the groups. Group HI had significantly higher VNRS scores (median [interquartile range], 3 [2-4]) than group LO (2 [1-3] and group HM (2 [1-3]) at 48 hours postoperatively. The 95% confidence intervals for median difference in VNRS score at 48 hours postoperatively were 1 to 2 for group HI versus group LO and 0 to 2 for group HI versus group HM. There were no significant differences in the number of @entity0 who requested rescue analgesics in the postoperative anesthesia care unit and general ward during 48 hours postoperatively among the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively high dose of intraoperative @entity5 enhances periincisional @entity4 . Intraoperative @entity6 prevents @entity5 -induced @entity4 . However, @entity4 did not reach clinical relevance in terms of @entity2 or analgesic consumption in @entity0 undergoing thyroidectomy.

title: Magnesium sulfate prevents @entity5 -induced XXXX in @entity0 undergoing thyroidectomy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In a randomized, double-blind, prospective study, we investigated whether an intraoperative high versus low dose of @entity5 increased @entity4 and whether @entity3 can prevent @entity5 -induced @entity4 . METHODS: Ninety @entity0 undergoing thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups. @entity5 was intraoperatively infused at 0.05  g/kg/min (group LO) or 0.2  g/kg/min (groups HI and HM). @entity0 in group HM received @entity6 30 mg/kg at induction followed by an intraoperative infusion of 10 mg/kg/h. @entity1 thresholds on the forearm and periincisional area were assessed by von Frey filament the evening before surgery and postoperatively at 24 and 48 hours. @entity1 measured on a verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS) (0-10) and additional analgesics were recorded in the postanesthesia care unit postoperatively at 6, 24, and 48 hours. RESULTS: There was a significantly greater decrease in @entity1 threshold on the periincisional area at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively in group HI, as compared with the other 2 groups. The 95% confidence intervals for the mean difference in @entity1 thresholds on the periincisional area at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively were 0.31 to 1.11 and 0.36 to 1.14 for group HI versus group LO, 0.45 to 1.26 and 0.54 to 1.32 for group HI versus group HM (values are log(10) of force in milligrams). The change in @entity1 threshold on the forearm was similar among the groups. Group HI had significantly higher VNRS scores (median [interquartile range], 3 [2-4]) than group LO (2 [1-3] and group HM (2 [1-3]) at 48 hours postoperatively. The 95% confidence intervals for median difference in VNRS score at 48 hours postoperatively were 1 to 2 for group HI versus group LO and 0 to 2 for group HI versus group HM. There were no significant differences in the number of @entity0 who requested rescue analgesics in the postoperative anesthesia care unit and general ward during 48 hours postoperatively among the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively high dose of intraoperative @entity5 enhances periincisional @entity4 . Intraoperative @entity6 prevents @entity5 -induced @entity4 . However, @entity4 did not reach clinical relevance in terms of @entity2 or analgesic consumption in @entity0 undergoing thyroidectomy.

title: Magnesium sulfate prevents XXXX -induced @entity4 in @entity0 undergoing thyroidectomy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: In a randomized, double-blind, prospective study, we investigated whether an intraoperative high versus low dose of @entity5 increased @entity4 and whether @entity3 can prevent @entity5 -induced @entity4 . METHODS: Ninety @entity0 undergoing thyroidectomy were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups. @entity5 was intraoperatively infused at 0.05  g/kg/min (group LO) or 0.2  g/kg/min (groups HI and HM). @entity0 in group HM received @entity6 30 mg/kg at induction followed by an intraoperative infusion of 10 mg/kg/h. @entity1 thresholds on the forearm and periincisional area were assessed by von Frey filament the evening before surgery and postoperatively at 24 and 48 hours. @entity1 measured on a verbal numerical rating scale (VNRS) (0-10) and additional analgesics were recorded in the postanesthesia care unit postoperatively at 6, 24, and 48 hours. RESULTS: There was a significantly greater decrease in @entity1 threshold on the periincisional area at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively in group HI, as compared with the other 2 groups. The 95% confidence intervals for the mean difference in @entity1 thresholds on the periincisional area at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively were 0.31 to 1.11 and 0.36 to 1.14 for group HI versus group LO, 0.45 to 1.26 and 0.54 to 1.32 for group HI versus group HM (values are log(10) of force in milligrams). The change in @entity1 threshold on the forearm was similar among the groups. Group HI had significantly higher VNRS scores (median [interquartile range], 3 [2-4]) than group LO (2 [1-3] and group HM (2 [1-3]) at 48 hours postoperatively. The 95% confidence intervals for median difference in VNRS score at 48 hours postoperatively were 1 to 2 for group HI versus group LO and 0 to 2 for group HI versus group HM. There were no significant differences in the number of @entity0 who requested rescue analgesics in the postoperative anesthesia care unit and general ward during 48 hours postoperatively among the 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively high dose of intraoperative @entity5 enhances periincisional @entity4 . Intraoperative @entity6 prevents @entity5 -induced @entity4 . However, @entity4 did not reach clinical relevance in terms of @entity2 or analgesic consumption in @entity0 undergoing thyroidectomy.

title: Magnesium sulfate prevents @entity5 -induced @entity4 in XXXX undergoing thyroidectomy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare survival in @entity0 with clinical T1b @entity2 that are pathologically upstaged, or high-grade @entity1 , treated by either @entity5 ( @entity5 ) or radical nephrectomy (RN). The American Urological Association Guidelines recently advocated increasing use of @entity5 in all @entity0 with @entity7 renal masses, but urologists are often hesitant to perform @entity5 for larger more aggressive appearing @entity7 @entity2 for fear of pathologic upstaging and a perceived compromise in @entity1 control. METHODS: From a single institutional @entity2 registry, 2511 consecutive @entity0 with presumed @entity7 @entity4 underwent extirpative surgery; 1981 (79%) were found to have @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and 213 (10.7%) were upstaged on final pathology. In addition, 95 (5%) were found to have grade 4 @entity1 . Cancer-specific survival (CS) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were compared between the groups. RESULTS: In the upstaged cohort, @entity0 treated by @entity5 (n = 96, 45%) had comparable @entity3 and CS when studied stage for stage with those treated by RN (n = 117, 55%). Multivariate cox-proportional hazards analysis of @entity3 in the upstaged subset demonstrated that only age, grade, and Charlson score predicted @entity3 , whereas @entity5 vs RN and stage did not. @entity5 did not compromise survival in @entity0 with grade 4 @entity4 compared with RN. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 does not appear to compromise the chance for @entity1 cure in @entity0 with @entity7 @entity1 that are upstaged pathologically to pT2 or @entity6 or high-grade renal masses when compared with RN. These concerns should not deter a surgeon from attempting @entity5 when otherwise technically feasible.

title: Partial nephrectomy does not compromise survival in @entity0 with pathologic upstaging to pT2/ XXXX or high-grade @entity2 compared with radical nephrectomy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare survival in @entity0 with clinical T1b @entity2 that are pathologically upstaged, or high-grade @entity1 , treated by either @entity5 ( @entity5 ) or radical nephrectomy (RN). The American Urological Association Guidelines recently advocated increasing use of @entity5 in all @entity0 with @entity7 renal masses, but urologists are often hesitant to perform @entity5 for larger more aggressive appearing @entity7 @entity2 for fear of pathologic upstaging and a perceived compromise in @entity1 control. METHODS: From a single institutional @entity2 registry, 2511 consecutive @entity0 with presumed @entity7 @entity4 underwent extirpative surgery; 1981 (79%) were found to have @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and 213 (10.7%) were upstaged on final pathology. In addition, 95 (5%) were found to have grade 4 @entity1 . Cancer-specific survival (CS) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were compared between the groups. RESULTS: In the upstaged cohort, @entity0 treated by @entity5 (n = 96, 45%) had comparable @entity3 and CS when studied stage for stage with those treated by RN (n = 117, 55%). Multivariate cox-proportional hazards analysis of @entity3 in the upstaged subset demonstrated that only age, grade, and Charlson score predicted @entity3 , whereas @entity5 vs RN and stage did not. @entity5 did not compromise survival in @entity0 with grade 4 @entity4 compared with RN. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 does not appear to compromise the chance for @entity1 cure in @entity0 with @entity7 @entity1 that are upstaged pathologically to pT2 or @entity6 or high-grade renal masses when compared with RN. These concerns should not deter a surgeon from attempting @entity5 when otherwise technically feasible.

title: Partial nephrectomy does not compromise survival in @entity0 with pathologic upstaging to pT2/ @entity6 or high-grade XXXX compared with radical nephrectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare survival in @entity0 with clinical T1b @entity2 that are pathologically upstaged, or high-grade @entity1 , treated by either @entity5 ( @entity5 ) or radical nephrectomy (RN). The American Urological Association Guidelines recently advocated increasing use of @entity5 in all @entity0 with @entity7 renal masses, but urologists are often hesitant to perform @entity5 for larger more aggressive appearing @entity7 @entity2 for fear of pathologic upstaging and a perceived compromise in @entity1 control. METHODS: From a single institutional @entity2 registry, 2511 consecutive @entity0 with presumed @entity7 @entity4 underwent extirpative surgery; 1981 (79%) were found to have @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and 213 (10.7%) were upstaged on final pathology. In addition, 95 (5%) were found to have grade 4 @entity1 . Cancer-specific survival (CS) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were compared between the groups. RESULTS: In the upstaged cohort, @entity0 treated by @entity5 (n = 96, 45%) had comparable @entity3 and CS when studied stage for stage with those treated by RN (n = 117, 55%). Multivariate cox-proportional hazards analysis of @entity3 in the upstaged subset demonstrated that only age, grade, and Charlson score predicted @entity3 , whereas @entity5 vs RN and stage did not. @entity5 did not compromise survival in @entity0 with grade 4 @entity4 compared with RN. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 does not appear to compromise the chance for @entity1 cure in @entity0 with @entity7 @entity1 that are upstaged pathologically to pT2 or @entity6 or high-grade renal masses when compared with RN. These concerns should not deter a surgeon from attempting @entity5 when otherwise technically feasible.

title: Partial nephrectomy does not compromise survival in XXXX with pathologic upstaging to pT2/ @entity6 or high-grade @entity2 compared with radical nephrectomy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is classified as @entity3 and various entities using the gene expression of proteins are classified into three groups. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical, biological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features of @entity5 with translocation t (14; 18) and 8q24/ @entity1 . Eleven @entity5 @entity0 with dual translation were monitored during the 2000-2009 period. The characteristics of these @entity0 included morphological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic analysis. Study results showed that all @entity0 had aggressive characteristics, presence of B symptoms (64%), general @entity0 condition according to ECOG scale >=  2 (55%), elevated serum @entity4 dehydrogenase activity (73%), clinical stage III and IV (82%), extranodal involvement of the disease (73%), and IPI >=  2 (73%). Partial remission was achieved in 73% of all @entity0 and all @entity0 (73%) died within a short time. @entity0 were treated with @entity8 and similar protocols (COP, CVP, CNOP), with the addition of MabThera. Immunophenotyping was performed and determined expression of the @entity6 , CD3, @entity7 , @entity9 and @entity10 markers. The cytogenetic analysis/fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed complex karyotype changes. Thus, we analyzed the presence of @entity2 , @entity9 and @entity1 genes and found eight @entity0 to have @entity2 and @entity1 translocation genes, while three had translocation of the @entity9 and @entity1 genes. Despite appropriate therapy, the @entity0 prognosis is poor. The median survival in these @entity0 was 1.85 years. @entity5 with @entity2 and @entity1 rearrangement of the subgroups of @entity3 is associated with very poor survival. The presence of these two translocations has an aggressive clinical course.

title: [Clinical features in XXXX and translocation @entity2 / @entity1 "double hit" @entity3 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is classified as @entity3 and various entities using the gene expression of proteins are classified into three groups. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical, biological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features of @entity5 with translocation t (14; 18) and 8q24/ @entity1 . Eleven @entity5 @entity0 with dual translation were monitored during the 2000-2009 period. The characteristics of these @entity0 included morphological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic analysis. Study results showed that all @entity0 had aggressive characteristics, presence of B symptoms (64%), general @entity0 condition according to ECOG scale >=  2 (55%), elevated serum @entity4 dehydrogenase activity (73%), clinical stage III and IV (82%), extranodal involvement of the disease (73%), and IPI >=  2 (73%). Partial remission was achieved in 73% of all @entity0 and all @entity0 (73%) died within a short time. @entity0 were treated with @entity8 and similar protocols (COP, CVP, CNOP), with the addition of MabThera. Immunophenotyping was performed and determined expression of the @entity6 , CD3, @entity7 , @entity9 and @entity10 markers. The cytogenetic analysis/fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed complex karyotype changes. Thus, we analyzed the presence of @entity2 , @entity9 and @entity1 genes and found eight @entity0 to have @entity2 and @entity1 translocation genes, while three had translocation of the @entity9 and @entity1 genes. Despite appropriate therapy, the @entity0 prognosis is poor. The median survival in these @entity0 was 1.85 years. @entity5 with @entity2 and @entity1 rearrangement of the subgroups of @entity3 is associated with very poor survival. The presence of these two translocations has an aggressive clinical course.

title: [Clinical features in @entity5 and translocation @entity2 / @entity1 "double hit" XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is classified as @entity3 and various entities using the gene expression of proteins are classified into three groups. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical, biological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features of @entity5 with translocation t (14; 18) and 8q24/ @entity1 . Eleven @entity5 @entity0 with dual translation were monitored during the 2000-2009 period. The characteristics of these @entity0 included morphological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic analysis. Study results showed that all @entity0 had aggressive characteristics, presence of B symptoms (64%), general @entity0 condition according to ECOG scale >=  2 (55%), elevated serum @entity4 dehydrogenase activity (73%), clinical stage III and IV (82%), extranodal involvement of the disease (73%), and IPI >=  2 (73%). Partial remission was achieved in 73% of all @entity0 and all @entity0 (73%) died within a short time. @entity0 were treated with @entity8 and similar protocols (COP, CVP, CNOP), with the addition of MabThera. Immunophenotyping was performed and determined expression of the @entity6 , CD3, @entity7 , @entity9 and @entity10 markers. The cytogenetic analysis/fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed complex karyotype changes. Thus, we analyzed the presence of @entity2 , @entity9 and @entity1 genes and found eight @entity0 to have @entity2 and @entity1 translocation genes, while three had translocation of the @entity9 and @entity1 genes. Despite appropriate therapy, the @entity0 prognosis is poor. The median survival in these @entity0 was 1.85 years. @entity5 with @entity2 and @entity1 rearrangement of the subgroups of @entity3 is associated with very poor survival. The presence of these two translocations has an aggressive clinical course.

title: [Clinical features in @entity5 and translocation @entity2 / XXXX "double hit" @entity3 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is classified as @entity3 and various entities using the gene expression of proteins are classified into three groups. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical, biological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features of @entity5 with translocation t (14; 18) and 8q24/ @entity1 . Eleven @entity5 @entity0 with dual translation were monitored during the 2000-2009 period. The characteristics of these @entity0 included morphological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic analysis. Study results showed that all @entity0 had aggressive characteristics, presence of B symptoms (64%), general @entity0 condition according to ECOG scale >=  2 (55%), elevated serum @entity4 dehydrogenase activity (73%), clinical stage III and IV (82%), extranodal involvement of the disease (73%), and IPI >=  2 (73%). Partial remission was achieved in 73% of all @entity0 and all @entity0 (73%) died within a short time. @entity0 were treated with @entity8 and similar protocols (COP, CVP, CNOP), with the addition of MabThera. Immunophenotyping was performed and determined expression of the @entity6 , CD3, @entity7 , @entity9 and @entity10 markers. The cytogenetic analysis/fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed complex karyotype changes. Thus, we analyzed the presence of @entity2 , @entity9 and @entity1 genes and found eight @entity0 to have @entity2 and @entity1 translocation genes, while three had translocation of the @entity9 and @entity1 genes. Despite appropriate therapy, the @entity0 prognosis is poor. The median survival in these @entity0 was 1.85 years. @entity5 with @entity2 and @entity1 rearrangement of the subgroups of @entity3 is associated with very poor survival. The presence of these two translocations has an aggressive clinical course.

title: [Clinical features in @entity5 and translocation XXXX / @entity1 "double hit" @entity3 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oncologic outcomes in @entity0 with @entity4 (PCa) treated with salvage radical prostatectomy (SRP) are poorly defined. OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of biochemical recurrence (BCR), @entity1 , and @entity3 following SRP to help select @entity0 who may benefit from SRP. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : This is a retrospective, international, multi-institutional cohort analysis. There was a median follow-up of 4.4 yr following SRP performed on 404 @entity0 with radiation-recurrent PCa from 1985 to 2009 in tertiary centers. INTERVENTION: Open SRP. MEASUREMENTS: BCR after SRP was defined as a serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >=  0.1 or >=  0.2 ng/ml (depending on the institution). Secondary end points included progression to @entity1 and @entity2 . RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Median age at SRP was 65 yr of age, and median pre-SRP PSA was 4.5 ng/ml. Following SRP, 195 @entity0 experienced BCR, 64 developed @entity1 , and 40 died from PCa. At 10 yr after SRP, BCR-free survival, @entity1 -free survival, and @entity2 -specific survival (CSS) probabilities were 37% (95% confidence interval [CI], 31-43), 77% (95% CI, 71-82), and 83% (95% CI, 76-88), respectively. On preoperative multivariable analysis, pre-SRP PSA and Gleason score at postradiation prostate biopsy predicted BCR (p = 0.022; global p < 0.001) and @entity1 (p = 0.022; global p < 0.001). On postoperative multivariable analysis, pre-SRP PSA and pathologic Gleason score at SRP predicted BCR (p = 0.014; global p < 0.001) and @entity1 (p < 0.001; global p < 0.001). Lymph node involvement (LNI) also predicted @entity1 (p = 0.017). The main limitations of this study are its retrospective design and the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: In a select group of @entity0 who underwent SRP for radiation-recurrent PCa, freedom from clinical @entity1 was observed in >75% of @entity0 10 yr after surgery. @entity0 with lower pre-SRP PSA levels and lower postradiation prostate biopsy Gleason score have the highest probability of cure from SRP.

title: Salvage radical prostatectomy for XXXX : a multi-institutional collaboration.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) impairments are the most common disabling deficits after @entity1 and have complex relationships with activity and participation domains. However, relatively few studies have applied the ICF model to identify the contributions of specific @entity4 , such as @entity3 , @entity2 , and sensory loss, as predictors of activity and participation. The purposes of this predictive study were to evaluate the relationships between @entity4 variables related to body functions/structures, activity, and participation domains and to determine which would best explain activity and participation with 55 subjects with @entity1 . Body functions/structures were assessed by measures of grip, pinch, and @entity4 strength, finger tactile sensations, shoulder @entity2 , and cognition (MMSE); activity domain by measures of observed performance (BBT, @entity5 , and TEMPA); and participation by measures of quality of life (SSQOL). Upper-limb and grip strength were related to all activity measures (0.52 <r < 0.82, p < .0001). Shoulder @entity2 (r = -.39,p < .001) was the variable which was mostly related to participation. Grip strength alone accounted for 62%, 54%, and 36% of the variance in the activity measures (respectively TEMPA, BBT and @entity5 ). Shoulder @entity2 accounted for 30% of the participation measure. @entity0 and shoulder @entity2 of the paretic @entity4 demonstrated to be important targets for clinical interventions to improve activity and participation with @entity1 subjects. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2c.

title: Upper extremity function in XXXX subjects: relationships between the international classification of functioning, disability, and health domains.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Some recent studies have asserted that locking plates do not provide adequate fixation of @entity5 . The purpose of this study is to review our experience with proximal humeral locking plates, including complications, functional outcomes, and predictors of successful treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: At our institution, 45 @entity0 (46 shoulders) with displaced @entity5 were treated with a proximal humeral locking plate over a 6-year period. @entity0 underwent standard surgical and rehabilitation protocols and were evaluated clinically with Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons standardized outcome measurements and range of motion at last follow-up. Radiographs obtained preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at final follow-up were evaluated for @entity2 type, union, and change in alignment. RESULTS: There were 43 @entity0 (44 shoulders) available for range-of-motion and functional outcome measures with an average follow-up of 34 months. Fracture types included 19 two-part, 21 three-part, 3 four-part, and 1 head-splitting @entity2 . The mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 11. The average American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score was 85. The average visual analog @entity1 score was 0.8. The average range of motion was as follows: elevation, 140  ; external rotation at side, 49  ; external rotation in abduction, 77  ; and internal rotation, @entity4 . No @entity0 had evidence of screw cutout, varus collapse, or @entity3 . One @entity0 required hardware removal. CONCLUSIONS: Displaced @entity5 can be successfully fixed with locking plates when  attention is paid to anatomic reduction, proper plate placement below to the greater tuberosity to allow abduction, screws in the head with subchondral bone purchase, calcar screws from inferior-lateral to superior-medial and delaying shoulder motion until at least 2 weeks.

title: Proximal periarticular locking plates in XXXX : functional outcomes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity4 is an @entity2 characterized by antibody-mediated @entity3 . A protein @entity1 phosphatase ( @entity5 ) present in lymphocytes is an important negative regulator of signal transduction for the T-cell receptor-MHC complex and has been associated with @entity2 that produce autoantibodies. The present study investigated the frequency of the @entity6 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the @entity5 gene in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . This case series study included 50 @entity0 with @entity4 , 24 acute and 26 chronic cases, and 50 normal @entity0 as a control group. All were subjected to clinical history and laboratory investigations including complete blood count, genotyping of @entity5 @entity6 SNP by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and platelet antibodies using platelets suspension immunofluorescence test for the cases. Thirteen @entity0 (26%) were positive for the @entity5 @entity6 SNP. Three @entity0 were homozygous for the mutation and 10 were heterozygous. Comparison of the 26% of the @entity4 @entity0 who were positive for the @entity5 @entity6 mutation with the 6% positive in the control group yielded a P value of 0.006. Antiplatelet antibodies were detected in five @entity0 (20.8%) with @entity4 and in three @entity0 (11.5%) with chronic @entity4 ; no significant association between the presence of @entity5 @entity6 mutation and the presence of antiplatelet antibodies was detected. The prevalence of @entity5 gene mutation was higher in @entity4 @entity0 , thus it may be considered as a genetic risk factor in the development of @entity4 in Egyptian @entity0 .

title: The role of XXXX gene polymorphism in childhood immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Direct evidence to support the airway protective function of aerodigestive reflexes triggered by pharyngeal stimulation was previously demonstrated by abolishing these reflexes by topical pharyngeal anesthesia in normal subjects. Studies have also shown that these reflexes deteriorate in cigarette smokers. Aim of this study was to determine the influence of defective pharyngeal aerodigestive reflexes on airway protection in cigarette smokers. METHODS: Pharyngoglottal Closure reflex; PGCR, Pharyngo-UES Contractile reflex; PUCR, and Reflexive Pharyngeal Swallow; RPS were studied in 15 healthy non-smokers (24.2  3.3 SD y, 7 males) and 15 healthy chronic smokers (27.3  8.1, 7 males). To elicit these reflexes and to evaluate @entity0 , colored water was perfused into the hypopharynx at the rate of 1 mL/min. Maximum volume of water that can safely dwell in the hypopharynx before spilling into the larynx (Hypopharyngeal Safe Volume; HPSV) and the threshold volume to elicit PGCR, PUCR, and RPS were determined in smokers and results compared with non-smokers. RESULTS: At baseline, RPS was elicited in all non-smokers (100%) and in only 3 of 15 smokers (20%; P<.001). None of the non-smokers showed evidence of @entity1 of water, whereas 12 of 15 smokers with absent RPS had @entity1 . Pharyngeal anesthesia abolished RPS reflex in all non-smokers resulting in @entity1 . The HPSV was 0.61  0.06 mL and 0.76  0.06 mL in non-smokers and smokers respectively (P=.1). CONCLUSIONS: Deteriorated reflexive pharyngeal swallow in chronic cigarette smokers predispose them to risks of @entity0 and similarly, abolishing this reflex in non-smokers also results in @entity1 . These observations directly demonstrate the airway protective function of RPS.

title: Protective role of aerodigestive reflexes against XXXX : study on subjects with impaired and preserved reflexes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Currently there are three main drug groups for the prevention and treatment of @entity1 : @entity13 ( @entity5 deoxycholate or its lipid formulations), @entity11 ( @entity6 , @entity4 or @entity10 ) and @entity8 ( @entity12 , @entity3 and @entity14 ). However, a major characteristic to be evaluated when choosing an antifungal agent -apart from antifungal spectrum, pharmacokinetics and adverse effects- is the absence of significant drug interactions. @entity5 lacks interactions but may cause @entity0 , leading to the accumulation of renally metabolized drugs. Nephrotoxicity is significantly lower with lipid formulations, especially with liposomal @entity5 . Azoles modify the metabolism of a wide range of drugs by inhibiting their biotransformation or altering their distribution and elimination. These drugs are metabolized in the liver through the P450 cytochrome complex, inhibiting several isoenzymes, especially @entity7 , the main drug-metabolizing enzyme. Moreover, @entity4 and @entity10 are substrates and inhibitors of the transporter protein, @entity2 . @entity6 is the @entity9 with the fewest drug-drug interactions. The @entity8 have increased the therapeutic arsenal and a particular feature of these drugs is their safety, due to the absence of severe adverse effects and the scarce number of interactions. The echinocandin with the highest number of interactions is caspofungin. @entity3 is an echinocandin lacking in relevant interactions and consequently its dosage requires no adjustment in any of its indications. This drug can be used both in adults and in the pediatric population, including neonates.

title: [Drug interactions in critically-ill patients. An important factor in the use of XXXX ?].

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pressure ulcer prevention is an indicator of quality of care. Reliable identification of Category I pressure @entity2 is essential in prevalence studies and to prevent further tissue damage. PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study was to establish interrater reliability between blanching and nonblanching erythema assessed by 2 independent assessors. The secondary purpose was to investigate potential correlations between risk factors and pressure @entity2 . METHOD: Ninety-seven @entity0 65 years or older with @entity1 were consecutively recruited for this prospective, comparative observation study. Seventy-eight @entity0 completed the study. The sacral area of each @entity0 was visually assessed and a finger-press test was administered to each @entity0 by 2 independent assessors. Kappa statistics were used for analysis. FINDINGS: finger-press tests and visual observation alone were not reliable methods to discriminate between blanching and nonblanching erythema. Forty-seven percent of the @entity0 had a risk score 20 or fewer (high risk for pressure @entity2 ). Forty-four @entity0 (56%) had pressure @entity2 at discharge.

title: Category I pressure XXXX : how reliable is clinical assessment?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: A few reports suggest that the emergence of double balloon endoscopy (DBE) has likely changed the clinical @entity1 (SBTs). AIM: To further clarify the characteristics of SBTs detected by DBE. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted in 227 @entity0 who had undergone DBE. RESULTS: The SBT group contained more symptomatic @entity0 than the non-SBT group (90% vs. 49%, P<0.0005) with a significantly higher rate of @entity3 at presentation (72% vs. 33%, P<0.005). Twenty @entity0 (8.8%) were eventually diagnosed with SBT, and their indications for DBE were obscure @entity4 (n=5), @entity7 (n=5), abdominal fullness (n=5), @entity5 (n=2), and @entity2 (n=1). @entity1 were located in the jejunum in 14 @entity0 (70%) and in the ileum in 6 (30%). A final histological diagnosis was assigned to all 20 @entity0 : primary @entity6 (n=8, 40%), @entity9 (n=5, 25%), @entity1 (n=4, 20%), @entity8 (n=1, 5%), @entity1 (n=1, 5%) and @entity12 (n=1, 5%). @entity10 or @entity11 were the most frequently observed endoscopic findings (n=13, 65%). All primary @entity6 and three of four (75%) metastatic @entity1 showed @entity10 or @entity11 . Three of five (60%) @entity9 showed @entity12 . All @entity0 but one underwent surgical resection or chemotherapy or both. CONCLUSION: DBE is a safe and useful procedure that enables a precise diagnosis of SBTs.

title: Characteristics of small bowel XXXX detected by double balloon endoscopy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nonesterified @entity5 (NEFA) play pathophysiological roles in @entity2 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In this study, we analyzed the fasting NEFA profiles of normoglycemic individuals at risk for @entity6 ( @entity0 with a recent history of @entity9 (GDM)) in comparison to controls ( @entity0 after a normoglycemic pregnancy). We also examined the associations of NEFA species with overweight/ @entity1 , body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Using LC-MS/MS, we analyzed 41 NEFA species in the fasting sera of 111 @entity0 (62 post-GDM, 49 controls). Clinical characterization included a five-point oral @entity3 tolerance test (OGTT), biomarkers and anthropometrics, magnetic resonance imaging (n = 62) and a food frequency questionnaire. Nonparametric tests with Bonferroni correction, binary logistic regression analyses and rank correlations were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: @entity0 after GDM had a lower molar percentage of total @entity5 ( @entity11 ; 38.55% vs. 40.32%, p = 0.0002) than controls. At an explorative level of significance several NEFA species were associated with post-GDM status (with and without adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c): The molar percentages of 14:0, 16:0, 18:0 and 18:4 were reduced, whereas those of 18:1, 18:2, 20:2, 24:4, @entity8 ( @entity10 ), @entity4 ( @entity7 ) and total n-6 NEFA were increased. BMI and the amount of body fat correlated inversely with several @entity11 and @entity10 and positively with various @entity7 species over the whole study cohort (abs(  )>= 0.3 for all). 14:0 was inversely and BMI-independently associated with abdominal visceral adiposity. We saw no correlations of NEFA species with insulin sensitivity and the total NEFA concentration was similar in the post-GDM and the control group. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we found alterations in the fasting NEFA profile associated with a recent history of @entity9 , a risk marker for @entity6 . NEFA composition also varied with overweight/ @entity1 and with body fat distribution, but not with insulin sensitivity.

title: Differences in the serum nonesterified Fatty Acid profile of young @entity0 associated with a recent history of XXXX and overweight/ @entity1 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nonesterified @entity5 (NEFA) play pathophysiological roles in @entity2 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In this study, we analyzed the fasting NEFA profiles of normoglycemic individuals at risk for @entity6 ( @entity0 with a recent history of @entity9 (GDM)) in comparison to controls ( @entity0 after a normoglycemic pregnancy). We also examined the associations of NEFA species with overweight/ @entity1 , body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Using LC-MS/MS, we analyzed 41 NEFA species in the fasting sera of 111 @entity0 (62 post-GDM, 49 controls). Clinical characterization included a five-point oral @entity3 tolerance test (OGTT), biomarkers and anthropometrics, magnetic resonance imaging (n = 62) and a food frequency questionnaire. Nonparametric tests with Bonferroni correction, binary logistic regression analyses and rank correlations were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: @entity0 after GDM had a lower molar percentage of total @entity5 ( @entity11 ; 38.55% vs. 40.32%, p = 0.0002) than controls. At an explorative level of significance several NEFA species were associated with post-GDM status (with and without adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c): The molar percentages of 14:0, 16:0, 18:0 and 18:4 were reduced, whereas those of 18:1, 18:2, 20:2, 24:4, @entity8 ( @entity10 ), @entity4 ( @entity7 ) and total n-6 NEFA were increased. BMI and the amount of body fat correlated inversely with several @entity11 and @entity10 and positively with various @entity7 species over the whole study cohort (abs(  )>= 0.3 for all). 14:0 was inversely and BMI-independently associated with abdominal visceral adiposity. We saw no correlations of NEFA species with insulin sensitivity and the total NEFA concentration was similar in the post-GDM and the control group. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we found alterations in the fasting NEFA profile associated with a recent history of @entity9 , a risk marker for @entity6 . NEFA composition also varied with overweight/ @entity1 and with body fat distribution, but not with insulin sensitivity.

title: Differences in the serum nonesterified Fatty Acid profile of young @entity0 associated with a recent history of @entity9 and overweight/ XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nonesterified @entity5 (NEFA) play pathophysiological roles in @entity2 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). In this study, we analyzed the fasting NEFA profiles of normoglycemic individuals at risk for @entity6 ( @entity0 with a recent history of @entity9 (GDM)) in comparison to controls ( @entity0 after a normoglycemic pregnancy). We also examined the associations of NEFA species with overweight/ @entity1 , body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Using LC-MS/MS, we analyzed 41 NEFA species in the fasting sera of 111 @entity0 (62 post-GDM, 49 controls). Clinical characterization included a five-point oral @entity3 tolerance test (OGTT), biomarkers and anthropometrics, magnetic resonance imaging (n = 62) and a food frequency questionnaire. Nonparametric tests with Bonferroni correction, binary logistic regression analyses and rank correlations were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: @entity0 after GDM had a lower molar percentage of total @entity5 ( @entity11 ; 38.55% vs. 40.32%, p = 0.0002) than controls. At an explorative level of significance several NEFA species were associated with post-GDM status (with and without adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c): The molar percentages of 14:0, 16:0, 18:0 and 18:4 were reduced, whereas those of 18:1, 18:2, 20:2, 24:4, @entity8 ( @entity10 ), @entity4 ( @entity7 ) and total n-6 NEFA were increased. BMI and the amount of body fat correlated inversely with several @entity11 and @entity10 and positively with various @entity7 species over the whole study cohort (abs(  )>= 0.3 for all). 14:0 was inversely and BMI-independently associated with abdominal visceral adiposity. We saw no correlations of NEFA species with insulin sensitivity and the total NEFA concentration was similar in the post-GDM and the control group. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we found alterations in the fasting NEFA profile associated with a recent history of @entity9 , a risk marker for @entity6 . NEFA composition also varied with overweight/ @entity1 and with body fat distribution, but not with insulin sensitivity.

title: Differences in the serum nonesterified Fatty Acid profile of young XXXX associated with a recent history of @entity9 and overweight/ @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 with permanent cardiac pacemakers occasionally require radiotherapy. Therapeutic irradiation may cause pacemakers to malfunction due to the effects of ionizing radiation or electromagnetic interference. We studied the @entity0 @entity1 who needed breast and/or chest wall and lymph node irradiation to assess the feasibility and tolerance in this population of @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: From November 2008 to December 2009, more than 900 @entity1 received radiotherapy for their @entity0 in our department using megavoltage linear accelerator (X 4-6 MV and electrons). Among them, seven @entity1 were with permanent pacemaker. All @entity1 have been treated to the breast and chest wall and/or lymph nodes. Total dose to breast and/or chest wall was 50 Gy/25 fractions and 46 Gy/23 fractions to lymph nodes. @entity1 who underwent conserving surgery followed by breast irradiation were boosted when indicated to @entity2 bed with 16 Gy/8 fractions. All @entity1 were monitored everyday in presence of radiation oncologist to follow the function of their pacemaker. All pacemakers were controlled before and after radiotherapy by the @entity1 ' cardiologist. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 were referred in our department for postoperative @entity0 radiotherapy. Among them, only one @entity1 was declined for radiotherapy and underwent mastectomy without radiotherapy. In four cases the pacemaker was repositioned before the beginning of radiotherapy. Six @entity1 , aged between 48 and 84 years underwent irradiation for their @entity0 . Four @entity1 were treated with conserving surgery followed by breast radiotherapy and two with mastectomy followed by chest wall and internal mammary chain, supra- and infra-clavicular lymph node irradiation. The dose to the pacemaker generator was kept below 2 Gy. There was no pacemaker dysfunction observed during the radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: The multidisciplinary work with position change of the pacemaker before radiotherapy and everyday monitoring permitted the safe treatment of our @entity1 . Updated guidelines are definitely needed with more details about acceptable doses at the different parts of the pacemaker.

title: [Radiotherapy for XXXX and pacemaker].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity8 can have profound social and economic consequences. Here, we describe two cases of war and outdoor activity open @entity8 where, despite a low @entity10 score, current microsurgical technology allowed for a favorable outcome. CASE REPORT 1: A 33-year-old Libyan soldier had been treated for an @entity1 to his left eye, which showed light perception and @entity10 score 2. He had undergone a lensectomy and @entity4 with silicone oil tamponade. Surgical treatment included @entity9 , cornea trephination, temporary Eckardt keratoprosthesis, @entity4 revision, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) implantation, and corneal grafting. Six months later, his VA was improved to 20/70. CASE REPORT 2: A 35-year-old @entity0 presented with a @entity5 in his left eye from a meat skewer, with marked hypotony and LP. After primary corneal wound closure, B-scan ultrasonography revealed massive @entity3 ( @entity10 score 2). The @entity0 underwent open @entity2 extraction with @entity6 implantation, 23 gauge @entity4 , laser photocoagulation of the @entity7 , and a gas tamponade. After three weeks, the @entity0 underwent a 2nd 23G @entity4 due to a fibrinous reaction. Six month later, the @entity0 exhibited 20/25 VA. CONCLUSION: These cases confirm that even for @entity0 with a low @entity10 and poor visual prognosis, an up-to-date surgery protocol may achieve visual results adequate for leading an autonomous daily life.

title: Favorable outcome in open globe injuries with low XXXX score.

answer: @entity10


abstract: The use of fluorinated molecules as drugs and imaging agents for @entity7 has been studied extensively over the years. Incorporating a @entity5 atom into the structure of a drug changes its physiochemical properties and can thereby lead to much more desirable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. This change can help to facilitate blood-brain barrier permeability, which is a critical matter for drugs intended for CNS activities. @entity5 incorporation into structures of drugs for the treatment of @entity1 has been an attractive field for drug discovery. Such incorporation can greatly influence the physicochemical properties, metabolic stability and receptor binding affinity of the resulting molecule. Some studies have shown that when a proton was substituted with @entity5 , the binding or inhibitory potency was greatly increased. The @entity5 -18 isotope, @entity6 , is utilized in detection and diagnosis of @entity1 , whereas @entity9 compounds are used in the treatment of these diseases and in MRI. @entity6 is widely used in PET imaging because it offers the advantage of a longer half-life compared with other radionuclides. It is used for imaging various receptors and transporters that have been linked to @entity1 , such as @entity3 , @entity2 , @entity4 and @entity8 . @entity5 plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of many @entity0 , including @entity1 . The use of @entity5 in the diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 , such as @entity3 and @entity2 , will be discussed in this review.

title: Fluorinated molecules in the diagnosis and treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the impact of lifecourse socioeconomic position (SEP) on @entity1 ( @entity1 ) risk among African Americans. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used data from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) to examine the associations of multiple measures of lifecourse SEP with @entity1 events in a large cohort of African Americans. During a median of 7.2-year follow-up, 362 new or recurrent @entity1 events occurred in a sample of 5301 @entity0 aged 21 to 94. Childhood SEP was assessed by using mother's education, parental home ownership, and childhood amenities. Adult SEP was assessed by using education, income, wealth, and public assistance. Adult SEP was more consistently associated with @entity1 risk in @entity0 than in @entity0 : age-adjusted hazard ratios for low versus high income (95% CIs), 2.46 (1.19 to 5.09) in @entity0 and 1.50 (0.87 to 2.58) in @entity0 , P for interaction=0.1244, and hazard ratio for low versus high wealth, 2.14 (1.39 to 3.29) in @entity0 and 1.06 (0.62 to 1.81) in @entity0 , P for interaction=0.0224. After simultaneous adjustment for all adult SEP measures, wealth remained a significant predictor of @entity1 events in @entity0 (HR=1.73 [1.04, 2.85] for low versus high). Education and public assistance were less consistently associated with @entity1 . Adult SEP was a stronger predictor of @entity1 events in younger than in older @entity0 (HR for high versus low summary adult SEP score 3.28 [1.43, 7.53] for @entity0  <=50 years, and 1.90 (1.36 to 2.66) for @entity0 >50 years, P for interaction 0.0846). Childhood SEP was not associated with @entity1 risk in @entity0 or @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Adult SEP is an important predictor of @entity1 events in African American @entity0 and in younger African Americans. Childhood SEP was not associated with @entity1 events in this population.

title: The impact of lifecourse socioeconomic position on XXXX events in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The high ambient temperature beyond the range of comfort zone or thermoneutral zone causes environmental @entity12 ( @entity12 ). It causes serious physiological dysfunction that may result in @entity2 and even death. The underlying mechanism in the pathogenesis of @entity6 following hyperthermic challenge and the possible involvement of oxidative stress to induce oxidative deterioration of liver functions in adult @entity0 are investigated in this study. Cellular damage was assessed in terms of serum @entity8 aminotransferase (ALT) and @entity7 aminotransferase (AST) activities and histology of liver. The effect of @entity4 in altering the oxidative stress was evaluated on the basis of its influence on hepatic lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status- @entity5 dismutase (SOD), @entity13 ( @entity13 ) and @entity9 peroxidase (GPx) activity. The current study demonstrated that @entity12 is associated with a complex set of integrated alterations in liver, time-dependent rise in oxidative stress followed by distinct pattern of @entity3 in animals. Heat-induced hepatotoxicity was assessed by increased lipid peroxidation, depletion of antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, @entity13 , GPx and tissue damages revealed by hepatic vacuolization, and widespread @entity1 . The study also revealed that pretreatment with @entity11 resulted in normalizing these parameters appreciably, emphasizing the therapeutic potentials of this @entity10 . Taken together, the results suggest that an increase in free radical formation relative to loss of the antioxidant defense system during @entity12 may render liver more susceptible to oxidative damage, leading to their functional inactivation. However, @entity11 supplementation can be an effective antidote in the treatment of @entity12 -induced malfunction.

title: Heat stress-induced hepatotoxicity and its prevention by XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: The high ambient temperature beyond the range of comfort zone or thermoneutral zone causes environmental @entity12 ( @entity12 ). It causes serious physiological dysfunction that may result in @entity2 and even death. The underlying mechanism in the pathogenesis of @entity6 following hyperthermic challenge and the possible involvement of oxidative stress to induce oxidative deterioration of liver functions in adult @entity0 are investigated in this study. Cellular damage was assessed in terms of serum @entity8 aminotransferase (ALT) and @entity7 aminotransferase (AST) activities and histology of liver. The effect of @entity4 in altering the oxidative stress was evaluated on the basis of its influence on hepatic lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status- @entity5 dismutase (SOD), @entity13 ( @entity13 ) and @entity9 peroxidase (GPx) activity. The current study demonstrated that @entity12 is associated with a complex set of integrated alterations in liver, time-dependent rise in oxidative stress followed by distinct pattern of @entity3 in animals. Heat-induced hepatotoxicity was assessed by increased lipid peroxidation, depletion of antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, @entity13 , GPx and tissue damages revealed by hepatic vacuolization, and widespread @entity1 . The study also revealed that pretreatment with @entity11 resulted in normalizing these parameters appreciably, emphasizing the therapeutic potentials of this @entity10 . Taken together, the results suggest that an increase in free radical formation relative to loss of the antioxidant defense system during @entity12 may render liver more susceptible to oxidative damage, leading to their functional inactivation. However, @entity11 supplementation can be an effective antidote in the treatment of @entity12 -induced malfunction.

title: Heat stress-induced hepatotoxicity and its prevention by @entity11 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 and consequent release of cell-free hemoglobin (CFHb) impair vascular @entity2 (NO) bioavailability and cause oxidative and inflammatory processes. @entity3 (HU), a common therapy for @entity5 ( @entity5 ), induces fetal Hb production and can act as an NO donor. We evaluated the acute inflammatory effects of intravenous water-induced @entity4 in C57BL/6 @entity0 and determined the abilities of an NO donor, @entity9 ( @entity9 ), and a single dose of HU to modulate this @entity1 . Intravenous water induced acute @entity4 in C57BL/6 @entity0 , attaining plasma Hb levels comparable to those observed in chimeric @entity5 @entity0 . This @entity4 resulted in significant and rapid systemic @entity1 and vascular leukocyte recruitment within 15 minutes, accompanied by NO metabolite generation. Administration of another potent NO scavenger ( @entity7 ) to C57BL/6 @entity0 induced similar alterations in leukocyte recruitment, whereas @entity6 -induced @entity1 occurred over a longer time frame. Importantly, the acute inflammatory effects of water-induced @entity4 were abolished by the simultaneous administration of @entity9 or HU, without altering CFHb, in an NO pathway-mediated manner. In vitro, HU partially reversed the Hb-mediated induction of endothelial proinflammatory cytokine secretion and adhesion molecule expression. In summary, pathophysiological levels of @entity4 trigger an immediate inflammatory response, possibly mediated by vascular NO consumption. HU presents beneficial anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting rapid-onset @entity1 via an NO-dependent mechanism, independently of fetal Hb elevation. Data provide novel insights into mechanisms of @entity1 and further support perspectives for the use of HU as an acute treatment for @entity5 and other @entity8 .

title: Acute hemolytic vascular inflammatory processes are prevented by @entity2 replacement or a single dose of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 and consequent release of cell-free hemoglobin (CFHb) impair vascular @entity2 (NO) bioavailability and cause oxidative and inflammatory processes. @entity3 (HU), a common therapy for @entity5 ( @entity5 ), induces fetal Hb production and can act as an NO donor. We evaluated the acute inflammatory effects of intravenous water-induced @entity4 in C57BL/6 @entity0 and determined the abilities of an NO donor, @entity9 ( @entity9 ), and a single dose of HU to modulate this @entity1 . Intravenous water induced acute @entity4 in C57BL/6 @entity0 , attaining plasma Hb levels comparable to those observed in chimeric @entity5 @entity0 . This @entity4 resulted in significant and rapid systemic @entity1 and vascular leukocyte recruitment within 15 minutes, accompanied by NO metabolite generation. Administration of another potent NO scavenger ( @entity7 ) to C57BL/6 @entity0 induced similar alterations in leukocyte recruitment, whereas @entity6 -induced @entity1 occurred over a longer time frame. Importantly, the acute inflammatory effects of water-induced @entity4 were abolished by the simultaneous administration of @entity9 or HU, without altering CFHb, in an NO pathway-mediated manner. In vitro, HU partially reversed the Hb-mediated induction of endothelial proinflammatory cytokine secretion and adhesion molecule expression. In summary, pathophysiological levels of @entity4 trigger an immediate inflammatory response, possibly mediated by vascular NO consumption. HU presents beneficial anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting rapid-onset @entity1 via an NO-dependent mechanism, independently of fetal Hb elevation. Data provide novel insights into mechanisms of @entity1 and further support perspectives for the use of HU as an acute treatment for @entity5 and other @entity8 .

title: Acute hemolytic vascular inflammatory processes are prevented by XXXX replacement or a single dose of @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are traditionally considered childhood diseases; however, adults account for 35% of all @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity3 , especially @entity7 ( @entity7 ), which have their peak incidence in adulthood, require a high suspicion index. Even though the estimated frequency of @entity7 is not high (1:25,000), high rates of under diagnosis and under reporting are very likely. The delay in diagnosis increases the morbidity and mortality; therefore, adult physicians should be able to suspect, identify and initiate management of individuals with @entity3 . Here we report the case of a 37 year-old @entity0 presenting to the emergency room with @entity4 , @entity2 and cough; he developed @entity5 requiring mechanical ventilation. He complained of recurring @entity1 associated with widespread @entity6 since he was 18 years old. Serum immunoglobulins quantification showed severe @entity8 (total IgG <140 mg/dL; total IgA, 2.9 mg/dL; and total IgM <5 mg/dL). Treatment with @entity0 Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) 10% was started, and with antibiotic treatment for severe @entity1 (during 14 days) was also prescribed. His clinical evolution has been favorable after one year follow-up. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) diagnosis was made.

title: Disseminated @entity6 in an adult with common variable XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are traditionally considered childhood diseases; however, adults account for 35% of all @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity3 , especially @entity7 ( @entity7 ), which have their peak incidence in adulthood, require a high suspicion index. Even though the estimated frequency of @entity7 is not high (1:25,000), high rates of under diagnosis and under reporting are very likely. The delay in diagnosis increases the morbidity and mortality; therefore, adult physicians should be able to suspect, identify and initiate management of individuals with @entity3 . Here we report the case of a 37 year-old @entity0 presenting to the emergency room with @entity4 , @entity2 and cough; he developed @entity5 requiring mechanical ventilation. He complained of recurring @entity1 associated with widespread @entity6 since he was 18 years old. Serum immunoglobulins quantification showed severe @entity8 (total IgG <140 mg/dL; total IgA, 2.9 mg/dL; and total IgM <5 mg/dL). Treatment with @entity0 Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) 10% was started, and with antibiotic treatment for severe @entity1 (during 14 days) was also prescribed. His clinical evolution has been favorable after one year follow-up. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) diagnosis was made.

title: Disseminated XXXX in an adult with common variable @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The estimated prevalence of @entity2 in western societies approximates 7%. A retrospective descriptive study was performed on 282 Icelandic males (mean age 53.5 years, range 19-79) referred for evaluation of @entity2 during the period 1986-1991. Diagnostic modalities included measurements of nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) and penilebrachial index (PBI), hormonal profile and cavernosography. In 55% the NPT was abnormal. In contrast, only 8.2% of PBI was abnormally low. By logistic regression abnormal NPT results correlated with increasing age. Measurements of hormonal profile was performed in 73.4% of the @entity0 . @entity1 was found to be below normal in 12.1%. However, primary or secondary @entity3 was only found in 3.9% and elevated prolactin in 2.8%. By cavernosography, venous leakage was demonstrated in 3.2% of the @entity0 and subsequently ligation of the dorsal penile vein was performed. A trial of @entity1 treatment was given in 39.4% of the @entity0 . @entity2 is a common complaint among @entity0 . Psychological factors predominate in young @entity0 and the contribution of somatic etiologic factors increases with age. In the majority of @entity0 relatively simple studies can give useful information on the etiology of @entity2 .

title: [ XXXX among Icelandic males 1986-1991.]

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) examines parent- @entity0 bonds and attachment during the first 16years. Our study aims to compare PBI scores between @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: We analyzed PBI scores in 59 @entity0 with @entity2 , 36 with @entity3 and 52 healthy controls using ANCOVA, with age, gender and years of education as covariates. Bonferroni correction was used to adjust for multiple comparisons. PBI has maternal and paternal scores, each one with two domains: care and overprotection. RESULTS: In PBI maternal and paternal care domains, @entity0 with @entity2 showed significantly higher scores when compared with @entity3 @entity0 (p<0.001). However, when compared with healthy controls, @entity0 with @entity2 only showed significantly higher scores of PBI maternal care domain (p=0.037). @entity3 @entity0 showed significantly lower PBI care scores compared with healthy controls (maternal score: p=0.016; paternal score: p<0.001). In PBI maternal and paternal overprotection domain, @entity3 @entity0 showed significantly higher scores compared with @entity0 with @entity2 (p=0.004; p=0.021) and healthy controls (p=0.014; p=0.008); while no significant difference was observed between @entity0 with @entity2 and healthy controls. "P values" are according to Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the perception of attachment between @entity2 and @entity3 . This finding may shed some light to better understand the prodromal symptoms of @entity1 .

title: Differences in parental bonding between @entity2 and XXXX : Evidence of prodromal symptoms?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) examines parent- @entity0 bonds and attachment during the first 16years. Our study aims to compare PBI scores between @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: We analyzed PBI scores in 59 @entity0 with @entity2 , 36 with @entity3 and 52 healthy controls using ANCOVA, with age, gender and years of education as covariates. Bonferroni correction was used to adjust for multiple comparisons. PBI has maternal and paternal scores, each one with two domains: care and overprotection. RESULTS: In PBI maternal and paternal care domains, @entity0 with @entity2 showed significantly higher scores when compared with @entity3 @entity0 (p<0.001). However, when compared with healthy controls, @entity0 with @entity2 only showed significantly higher scores of PBI maternal care domain (p=0.037). @entity3 @entity0 showed significantly lower PBI care scores compared with healthy controls (maternal score: p=0.016; paternal score: p<0.001). In PBI maternal and paternal overprotection domain, @entity3 @entity0 showed significantly higher scores compared with @entity0 with @entity2 (p=0.004; p=0.021) and healthy controls (p=0.014; p=0.008); while no significant difference was observed between @entity0 with @entity2 and healthy controls. "P values" are according to Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the perception of attachment between @entity2 and @entity3 . This finding may shed some light to better understand the prodromal symptoms of @entity1 .

title: Differences in parental bonding between XXXX and @entity3 : Evidence of prodromal symptoms?

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 at 7q21 is a frequent event in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, this event has not been mapped with fine resolution in a large @entity2 cohort, and its association with clinical endpoints and functional relevance are unclear. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used a cohort of 116 @entity0 to fine map the 7q21 amplification using SNP microarrays. Prognostic significance and functional role of 7q21 amplification and its gene expression were explored. RESULTS: Amplification of the 7q21 region was observed in 35% of @entity1 with a focal, minimal amplicon containing six genes. 7q21 amplification was associated with poor survival and analysis of gene expression identified @entity6 ( @entity6 ) as the only gene in the minimal amplicon whose expression was also associated with poor survival. A low-level amplification (10%) was observed at the 12q13 region containing the @entity6 homologue @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Both amplification and expression of @entity5 correlated with poor survival. A combined model of both @entity6 and @entity5 expressions is a superior predictor of survival than either alone. Specific knockdown of @entity5 and/or @entity6 by siRNAs shows that they are required for proliferation of @entity2 cells and that their function is additive. @entity7 targets the kinase activity of both molecules and suppresses proliferation and anchorage independence of @entity2 cells through activation of the @entity3 pathway. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that @entity6 is the driver of 7q21 amplification and that both @entity5 and @entity6 are prognostic markers and bona fide oncogenes in @entity2 . Targeting these molecules may constitute a viable new therapy for this disease.

title: Early G    cyclin-dependent kinases as prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty carries major risks, including @entity1 . Conventional studies have compared the mortality rate following @entity2 with standardized mortality ratios or age and sex-matched populations. The purpose of the present study was to compare the mortality rate in a population of @entity0 who were managed with @entity2 with that in @entity0 who were awaiting surgery. METHODS: All @entity0 undergoing primary @entity2 from 2000 to 2007 at a single institution were recorded. In the same period, all @entity0 who were added to the waiting list for @entity2 were recorded. The mortality rate and time to @entity1 were calculated, and @entity1 certificates were retrieved for those who died within thirty or ninety days after the index event. RESULTS: Two thousand, six hundred and ninety-five @entity0 undergoing primary @entity2 were used for the thirty-day mortality calculation, and 2527 were used for the ninety-day mortality calculation. These @entity0 were compared with 5857 and 5689 @entity0 who were added to the waiting list for the thirty-day and ninety-day mortality calculations, respectively. There was no difference between the populations in terms of age or sex (p > 0.05). The thirty-day mortality following surgery was significantly greater for the surgery group (0.371%; 95% confidence interval, 0.202% to 0.682%) than for the waiting list group (0.0683%; 95% confidence interval, 0.0266% to 0.1755%) (odds ratio, 5.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.81 to 16.43). The ninety-day mortality was also significantly greater for the surgery group (0.792%; 95% confidence interval, 0.513% to 1.219%) than for the waiting list group (0.387%; 95% confidence interval, 0.256% to 0.585%) (odds ratio, 2.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 3.74). CONCLUSIONS: Primary @entity2 is associated with an increased risk of @entity1 at thirty and ninety days after the operation when compared with a population awaiting the same procedure. Increasing age was a risk factor for @entity1 following @entity2 .

title: Early XXXX following primary @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty carries major risks, including @entity1 . Conventional studies have compared the mortality rate following @entity2 with standardized mortality ratios or age and sex-matched populations. The purpose of the present study was to compare the mortality rate in a population of @entity0 who were managed with @entity2 with that in @entity0 who were awaiting surgery. METHODS: All @entity0 undergoing primary @entity2 from 2000 to 2007 at a single institution were recorded. In the same period, all @entity0 who were added to the waiting list for @entity2 were recorded. The mortality rate and time to @entity1 were calculated, and @entity1 certificates were retrieved for those who died within thirty or ninety days after the index event. RESULTS: Two thousand, six hundred and ninety-five @entity0 undergoing primary @entity2 were used for the thirty-day mortality calculation, and 2527 were used for the ninety-day mortality calculation. These @entity0 were compared with 5857 and 5689 @entity0 who were added to the waiting list for the thirty-day and ninety-day mortality calculations, respectively. There was no difference between the populations in terms of age or sex (p > 0.05). The thirty-day mortality following surgery was significantly greater for the surgery group (0.371%; 95% confidence interval, 0.202% to 0.682%) than for the waiting list group (0.0683%; 95% confidence interval, 0.0266% to 0.1755%) (odds ratio, 5.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.81 to 16.43). The ninety-day mortality was also significantly greater for the surgery group (0.792%; 95% confidence interval, 0.513% to 1.219%) than for the waiting list group (0.387%; 95% confidence interval, 0.256% to 0.585%) (odds ratio, 2.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 3.74). CONCLUSIONS: Primary @entity2 is associated with an increased risk of @entity1 at thirty and ninety days after the operation when compared with a population awaiting the same procedure. Increasing age was a risk factor for @entity1 following @entity2 .

title: Early @entity1 following primary XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite therapeutic effect of hemodialysis in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 , these @entity0 encounter different physical and psychological tensional factors. Physical exercises have beneficial physical and psychological effects on @entity0 under hemodialysis as one of the accessory therapeutic methods. As few studies have been done about the effects of physical exercise on physical and @entity3 in Iran than other countries, we assessed the effect in @entity0 under hemodialysis. METHODS: For this purpose, 43 qualified hemodialysis @entity0 receiving hemodialysis in hospitals of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were included, but only 35 @entity0 did the exercises for 8 weeks completely. Exercise program was done for 1 hour every session and was composed of ergometer, treadmill and ball playing. Before and after intervention data were collected by interview through a synthetic and adjusted questionnaire. At the end of the intervention, two special questions were added about the improvement of physical and @entity3 . Paired t-test was used to compare the scores of before and after intervention. RESULTS: There were significant differences between scores of before and after intervention considering physical problems including sleep, @entity1 and discomfort, daily activities, and physical function; but about sexual activity, there was not a significant difference between scores of before and after intervention. Psychological problems improved after doing exercises too. About first special question, 85.6% of @entity0 expressed an improvement in physical conditions and about second special question, 91.4% of @entity0 expressed an improvement in psychological conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Since physical exercise improves the physical (physical function, daily activities, @entity1 and discomfort, sleep), and @entity3 , it is suggested that responsible @entity0 prepare equipment for these @entity0 , until they do exercise forever. Nurses would present them the ways of a correct exercise, and doing it in days after hemodialysis, in order to improve physical, and @entity3 in hemodialysis @entity0 , and finally to enhance their quality of life.

title: The effect of physical exercise on physical and XXXX .

answer: @entity3