abstract: UNASSIGNED: To demonstrate that intra-organ @entity3 can engraft and develop after being distributed through the vasculature, tiny fragments of splenic tissues were injected into the inferior vena cava or the portal vein to induce intrapulmonary and intrahepatic @entity3 in @entity0 . After 1  month, splenic autograft structures in the lung and liver were assessed for structure by histology, for immunologic compartments by immunohistochemistry, for phagocytic function by @entity1 uptake and for vascular formation by Microfil (a @entity2 rubber compound) injection. Intrapulmonary and intrahepatic splenoses were indeed able to spread through the vasculature. The intrapulmonary splenic autografts were trapped and spread out in the interstitium, without forming a capsule. White pulp was markedly developed, showing lymphocyte aggregations that consisted in B cells surrounding the dilated vessel. Splenic sinuses were not definitively observed. Although macrophages were detected by immunohistochemistry, they showed no indication of having phagocytized @entity1 particles from the vessels, implying a closed circulation. In contrast, intrahepatic splenic autografts formed well-developed capsules, trabeculae and red pulp with splenic sinuses. Macrophages detected by immunohistochemistry were observed capturing @entity1 particles, which clearly revealed an open system circulation, as seen in normal @entity0 spleen. The development of white pulp was poor and lymphocytes consisting in B cells aggregated in the peripheral margins. These results demonstrate that intra-organ @entity3 can spread through the vasculature and that the morphologic and immunologic structures formed in these regenerated autografts are influenced by the organ vasculature and extracellular matrix wherein the tissue fragments settled.

title: Experimental XXXX in the liver and lung spread through the vasculature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 muscle pump dysfunction is a recognized factor in @entity8 ( @entity8 ). We investigated the hypothesis that limbs with @entity8 have a reduced ankle range of motion (ROM) that may be responsible for the poor @entity3 pump function associated with @entity7 . METHODS: Ankle ROM and @entity3 pump function were assessed in 32 limbs of 26 adult @entity0 . Limbs were selected on the basis of clinical presentation: normal (n = 6 limbs), class 1 or 2 @entity8 with no history of @entity5 (n = 9 limbs), class 3 @entity8 with healed @entity5 (n = 9 limbs), and class 3 @entity8 with active @entity5 (n = 8 limbs). ROM was determined by goniometry during maximal @entity6 and dorsiflexion of the ankle. @entity3 pump function was determined by air plethysmographic measurement of ejection fraction (EF) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). RESULTS: Ankle ROM was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in each @entity8 group compared with age-matched control subjects, because of @entity4 and dorsiflexion. @entity3 pump function was significantly impaired (decreased EF and increased @entity1 ) in ulcerated limbs. ROM was significantly correlated to EF and @entity1 . Impairment of ROM and @entity3 pump function was associated with deterioration in the clinical classification of @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Limbs with @entity8 have a limited ankle ROM that decreases with increasing severity of clinical symptoms. This decreased ROM is associated with, and may contribute to, poor @entity3 pump function.

title: Limited range of motion is a significant factor in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: We followed 1,134 @entity0 with Type 1 ( @entity5 -dependent) @entity1 , diagnosed between 1933 and 1952, until 1982 or @entity3 or until their emigration. Their age at onset of @entity1 was under 31 years. Information concerning the development of persistent @entity4 was sought in every case. In 104 cases, the data were either questionable or the @entity0 could not be traced. Twenty-nine @entity0 developed non-diabetic @entity4 . Among the remaining 1,001 @entity0 , 406 developed persistent @entity4 (350 died) and 595 did not (166 died). The incidence of persistent @entity4 was highest among @entity0 ; it decreased with increasing year of @entity1 onset from 1933 to 1952, and decreased with increasing age at onset. The relative mortality was extremely high among @entity0 with persistent @entity4 , increasing to a maximum of about 100 at age 35 years. @entity0 not developing @entity4 had a relatively constant low relative mortality of about 2. The decreasing incidence of persistent @entity4 and the decreasing mortality with increasing calendar year of @entity1 onset resulted in a 50% increase in life-expectancy among @entity0 diagnosed in 1950 compared with @entity0 diagnosed in 1935. In @entity0 who developed persistent @entity4 , relative mortality was higher in @entity0 than @entity0 at all ages. In @entity0 who did not develop @entity4 , relative mortality was similar in @entity0 and @entity0 after the age of 35. Uraemia was the main cause of @entity3 in @entity0 with persistent @entity4 , although @entity2 were more frequent than in @entity0 without @entity4 . Thus, @entity4 is associated not only with @entity3 from uraemia but also from @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The effect of @entity4 on relative mortality in type 1 ( @entity5 -dependent) XXXX mellitus.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We followed 1,134 @entity0 with Type 1 ( @entity5 -dependent) @entity1 , diagnosed between 1933 and 1952, until 1982 or @entity3 or until their emigration. Their age at onset of @entity1 was under 31 years. Information concerning the development of persistent @entity4 was sought in every case. In 104 cases, the data were either questionable or the @entity0 could not be traced. Twenty-nine @entity0 developed non-diabetic @entity4 . Among the remaining 1,001 @entity0 , 406 developed persistent @entity4 (350 died) and 595 did not (166 died). The incidence of persistent @entity4 was highest among @entity0 ; it decreased with increasing year of @entity1 onset from 1933 to 1952, and decreased with increasing age at onset. The relative mortality was extremely high among @entity0 with persistent @entity4 , increasing to a maximum of about 100 at age 35 years. @entity0 not developing @entity4 had a relatively constant low relative mortality of about 2. The decreasing incidence of persistent @entity4 and the decreasing mortality with increasing calendar year of @entity1 onset resulted in a 50% increase in life-expectancy among @entity0 diagnosed in 1950 compared with @entity0 diagnosed in 1935. In @entity0 who developed persistent @entity4 , relative mortality was higher in @entity0 than @entity0 at all ages. In @entity0 who did not develop @entity4 , relative mortality was similar in @entity0 and @entity0 after the age of 35. Uraemia was the main cause of @entity3 in @entity0 with persistent @entity4 , although @entity2 were more frequent than in @entity0 without @entity4 . Thus, @entity4 is associated not only with @entity3 from uraemia but also from @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The effect of @entity4 on relative mortality in type 1 ( XXXX -dependent) @entity1 mellitus.

answer: @entity5


abstract: We followed 1,134 @entity0 with Type 1 ( @entity5 -dependent) @entity1 , diagnosed between 1933 and 1952, until 1982 or @entity3 or until their emigration. Their age at onset of @entity1 was under 31 years. Information concerning the development of persistent @entity4 was sought in every case. In 104 cases, the data were either questionable or the @entity0 could not be traced. Twenty-nine @entity0 developed non-diabetic @entity4 . Among the remaining 1,001 @entity0 , 406 developed persistent @entity4 (350 died) and 595 did not (166 died). The incidence of persistent @entity4 was highest among @entity0 ; it decreased with increasing year of @entity1 onset from 1933 to 1952, and decreased with increasing age at onset. The relative mortality was extremely high among @entity0 with persistent @entity4 , increasing to a maximum of about 100 at age 35 years. @entity0 not developing @entity4 had a relatively constant low relative mortality of about 2. The decreasing incidence of persistent @entity4 and the decreasing mortality with increasing calendar year of @entity1 onset resulted in a 50% increase in life-expectancy among @entity0 diagnosed in 1950 compared with @entity0 diagnosed in 1935. In @entity0 who developed persistent @entity4 , relative mortality was higher in @entity0 than @entity0 at all ages. In @entity0 who did not develop @entity4 , relative mortality was similar in @entity0 and @entity0 after the age of 35. Uraemia was the main cause of @entity3 in @entity0 with persistent @entity4 , although @entity2 were more frequent than in @entity0 without @entity4 . Thus, @entity4 is associated not only with @entity3 from uraemia but also from @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The effect of XXXX on relative mortality in type 1 ( @entity5 -dependent) @entity1 mellitus.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 @entity8 is a rare, @entity3 usually manifesting with a rapidly progressive, axonal, distally-symmetric @entity5 . The detection of @entity4 by nerve conduction studies is limited, due to preferential involvement of small-fibres in early stages. We investigated whether lower limb @entity4 can be detected, localized and quantified in vivo by high-resolution magnetic resonance neurography. We prospectively included 20 @entity0 (12 male and eight female @entity0 , mean age 47.9 years, range 26-66) with confirmed mutation in the @entity9 gene: 13 with symptomatic @entity5 and seven asymptomatic gene carriers. A large age- and sex-matched cohort of healthy volunteers served as controls (20 male and 20 female, mean age 48.1 years, range 30-73). All @entity0 received detailed neurological and electrophysiological examinations and were scored using the @entity1 Score-Lower Limbs, @entity1 and @entity1 Symptom Score. Magnetic resonance neurography (3 T) was performed with large longitudinal coverage from proximal thigh to ankle-level and separately for each leg (140 axial slices/leg) by using axial T2-weighted (repetition time/echo time = 5970/55 ms) and dual echo (repetition time 5210 ms, echo times 12 and 73 ms) turbo spin echo 2D sequences with spectral fat saturation. A 3D T2-weighted inversion-recovery sequence (repetition time/echo time 3000/202 ms) was acquired for imaging of the spinal nerves and lumbar plexus (50 axial slice reformations). Precise @entity6 was performed on each slice. Histogram-based normalization of nerve-voxel signal intensities was performed using the age- and sex-matched control group as normative reference. Nerve-voxels were subsequently classified as lesion-voxels if a threshold of >1.2 (normalized signal-intensity) was exceeded. At distal thigh level, where a predominant @entity2 was observed, signal quantification was performed by calculating proton spin density and T2-relaxation time as microstructural markers of nerve tissue integrity. The total number of @entity2 voxels (cumulated from proximal-to-distal) was significantly higher in symptomatic @entity0 (20 405    1586) versus asymptomatic gene carriers (12 294    3199; P = 0.036) and versus controls (6536    467; P < 0.0001). It was also higher in asymptomatic carriers compared to controls (P = 0.043). The number of @entity2 voxels was significantly higher at thigh level compared to more distal levels (lower leg/ankle) of the lower extremities (f-value = 279.22, P < 0.0001). Further signal-quantification at this proximal site (thigh level) revealed a significant increase of proton-density (P < 0.0001) and T2-relaxation-time (P = 0.0011) in symptomatic @entity0 , whereas asymptomatic gene-carriers presented with a significant increase of proton-density only. Lower @entity7 could be detected and quantified in vivo on microstructural level by magnetic resonance neurography in symptomatic @entity8 , and also in yet asymptomatic gene carriers, in whom imaging detection precedes clinical and electrophysiological manifestation. Although symptoms start and prevail distally, the focus of @entity4 and injury progression was found proximally at thigh level with strong and unambiguous lesion-contrast. Imaging of proximal nerve lesions, which are difficult to detect by nerve conduction studies, may have future implications also for other distally-symmetric @entity5 .

title: In vivo detection of XXXX in @entity8 by magnetic resonance neurography.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 @entity8 is a rare, @entity3 usually manifesting with a rapidly progressive, axonal, distally-symmetric @entity5 . The detection of @entity4 by nerve conduction studies is limited, due to preferential involvement of small-fibres in early stages. We investigated whether lower limb @entity4 can be detected, localized and quantified in vivo by high-resolution magnetic resonance neurography. We prospectively included 20 @entity0 (12 male and eight female @entity0 , mean age 47.9 years, range 26-66) with confirmed mutation in the @entity9 gene: 13 with symptomatic @entity5 and seven asymptomatic gene carriers. A large age- and sex-matched cohort of healthy volunteers served as controls (20 male and 20 female, mean age 48.1 years, range 30-73). All @entity0 received detailed neurological and electrophysiological examinations and were scored using the @entity1 Score-Lower Limbs, @entity1 and @entity1 Symptom Score. Magnetic resonance neurography (3 T) was performed with large longitudinal coverage from proximal thigh to ankle-level and separately for each leg (140 axial slices/leg) by using axial T2-weighted (repetition time/echo time = 5970/55 ms) and dual echo (repetition time 5210 ms, echo times 12 and 73 ms) turbo spin echo 2D sequences with spectral fat saturation. A 3D T2-weighted inversion-recovery sequence (repetition time/echo time 3000/202 ms) was acquired for imaging of the spinal nerves and lumbar plexus (50 axial slice reformations). Precise @entity6 was performed on each slice. Histogram-based normalization of nerve-voxel signal intensities was performed using the age- and sex-matched control group as normative reference. Nerve-voxels were subsequently classified as lesion-voxels if a threshold of >1.2 (normalized signal-intensity) was exceeded. At distal thigh level, where a predominant @entity2 was observed, signal quantification was performed by calculating proton spin density and T2-relaxation time as microstructural markers of nerve tissue integrity. The total number of @entity2 voxels (cumulated from proximal-to-distal) was significantly higher in symptomatic @entity0 (20 405    1586) versus asymptomatic gene carriers (12 294    3199; P = 0.036) and versus controls (6536    467; P < 0.0001). It was also higher in asymptomatic carriers compared to controls (P = 0.043). The number of @entity2 voxels was significantly higher at thigh level compared to more distal levels (lower leg/ankle) of the lower extremities (f-value = 279.22, P < 0.0001). Further signal-quantification at this proximal site (thigh level) revealed a significant increase of proton-density (P < 0.0001) and T2-relaxation-time (P = 0.0011) in symptomatic @entity0 , whereas asymptomatic gene-carriers presented with a significant increase of proton-density only. Lower @entity7 could be detected and quantified in vivo on microstructural level by magnetic resonance neurography in symptomatic @entity8 , and also in yet asymptomatic gene carriers, in whom imaging detection precedes clinical and electrophysiological manifestation. Although symptoms start and prevail distally, the focus of @entity4 and injury progression was found proximally at thigh level with strong and unambiguous lesion-contrast. Imaging of proximal nerve lesions, which are difficult to detect by nerve conduction studies, may have future implications also for other distally-symmetric @entity5 .

title: In vivo detection of @entity4 in XXXX by magnetic resonance neurography.

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity0 Study (COMS) eye plaques (EPs) contain silastic and Modulay materials that introduce 15-30% dose differences compared with all-water dosimetry. A Task Group Report 43 (TG43) dose rate calculation method is presented that includes silastic and Modulay heterogeneous effects, uses the actual plaque seed configuration, is not restricted to a particular commercial treatment planning system, and does not require purchase of additional software. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Dose rate is calculated using TG43 formalism: Dos  eEP(r,  )=SK  @entity2  )GL(r0,  0) @entity3 (r)FEP(r,  ), with revised radial dose, @entity3 (r), and anisotropy, FEP(r,  ), functions specific to (125)I or (103)Pd seeds in COMS EPs. The EP signifies that the functions are specific to COMS EPs. The @entity3 (r) is obtained from Monte Carlo (MC) data for EPs that contain just a single center seed. The FEP(r,  ) is obtained by performing a Nelder-Mead Simplex routine to find a least squares solution that minimizes differences between MC dose rate and Do  seEP(r,  ). RESULTS: The TG43 formalism calculations agree with MC results, for 10-22-mm (125)I and (103)Pd EPs, to within 2% along and near the plaque central @entity1 and within 4% in the penumbra region for depths of 1mm or greater. Methods and data are provided for COMS plaque calculations using seed models other than (125)I Model 6711 and (103)Pd Model 200. Because actual seed configurations are used in dose rate calculations, this formalism may also be used to estimate dosimetry for nonstandard seed loadings. CONCLUSION: This manuscript enables the clinical user to perform accurate heterogeneity-corrected dose rate calculations for COMS EPs using TG43 formalism in a spreadsheet or commercial treatment planning system that has a TG43 line source geometry function calculation capabilities.

title: Heterogeneous dose calculations for XXXX Study eye plaques using actual seed configurations and Task Group Report 43 formalism.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatments for @entity3 aim to prevent @entity2 through lowering of intraocular pressure, but to our knowledge no placebo-controlled trials have assessed visual function preservation, and the observation periods of previous (unmasked) trials have typically been at least 5 years. We assessed vision preservation in @entity0 given latanoprost compared with those given placebo. METHODS: In this randomised, triple-masked, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity3 at ten UK centres (tertiary referral centres, teaching hospitals, and district general hospitals). Eligible @entity0 were randomly allocated (1:1) with a website-generated randomisation schedule, stratified by centre and with a permuted block design, to receive either latanoprost 0  005% (intervention group) or placebo (control group) eye drops. Drops were administered from identical bottles, once a day, to both eyes. The primary outcome was time to @entity1 within 24 months. Analyses were done in all individuals with follow-up data. The Data and Safety Monitoring Committee (DSMC) recommended stopping the trial on Jan 6, 2011 (last @entity0 visit July, 2011), after an interim analysis, and suggested a change in primary outcome from the difference in proportions of @entity0 with incident progression between groups to time to @entity1 within 24 months. This trial is registered, number ISRCTN96423140. FINDINGS: We enrolled 516 individuals between @entity4 , 2006, and March 16, 2010. Baseline mean intraocular pressure was 19  6 mm Hg (SD 4  6) in 258 @entity0 in the latanoprost group and 20  1 mm Hg (4  8) in 258 controls. At 24 months, mean reduction in intraocular pressure was 3  8 mm Hg (4  0) in 231 @entity0 assessed in the latanoprost group and 0  9 mm Hg (3  8) in 230 @entity0 assessed in the placebo group. Visual field preservation was significantly longer in the latanoprost group than in the placebo group: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0  44 (95% CI 0  28-0  69; p=0  0003). We noted 18 serious adverse events, none attributable to the study drug. INTERPRETATION: This is the first randomised placebo-controlled trial to show preservation of the visual field with an intraocular-pressure-lowering drug in @entity0 with @entity3 . The study design enabled significant differences in vision to be assessed in a relatively short observation period. FUNDING: Pfizer, UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre.

title: Latanoprost for XXXX (UKGTS): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) presents with acute onset @entity2 and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on MR imaging. The purpose of this study is to revise the MR imaging characteristics of @entity6 by analyzing the data derived from 155 hip examinations. We also sought to explore the relationship between the duration of symptoms and the presence of sparing and subchondral @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 155 hips (141 @entity6 @entity0 ) were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of insufficiency @entity4 and the morphology of @entity5 . Sparing of the medial bone marrow of the femoral head was recorded together with demographic and clinical data. Progression to regional @entity3 (RMO) and postpartum cases were also recorded. RESULTS: Our population consisted of 76.4% male and 23.6% female @entity0 . RMO progression was recorded in 19.4% and 4 postpartum cases displayed @entity1 . Sparing of the medial bone marrow was present at 87.7% of @entity0 and disappeared as the disease progressed (P=0.005). @entity5 was restricted within the femoral head in 11.0%, extended to the femoral neck in 40% and to the femoral shaft in 49% of the cases studied. @entity4 were present at 48.7% of the hips. CONCLUSION: This study describes @entity6 @entity0 characteristics, the MR imaging findings ( @entity5 pattern, microfractures), their association with symptom duration and the chance of progressing to RMO.

title: MR imaging of transient XXXX : An update on 155 @entity6 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) presents with acute onset @entity2 and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on MR imaging. The purpose of this study is to revise the MR imaging characteristics of @entity6 by analyzing the data derived from 155 hip examinations. We also sought to explore the relationship between the duration of symptoms and the presence of sparing and subchondral @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of 155 hips (141 @entity6 @entity0 ) were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of insufficiency @entity4 and the morphology of @entity5 . Sparing of the medial bone marrow of the femoral head was recorded together with demographic and clinical data. Progression to regional @entity3 (RMO) and postpartum cases were also recorded. RESULTS: Our population consisted of 76.4% male and 23.6% female @entity0 . RMO progression was recorded in 19.4% and 4 postpartum cases displayed @entity1 . Sparing of the medial bone marrow was present at 87.7% of @entity0 and disappeared as the disease progressed (P=0.005). @entity5 was restricted within the femoral head in 11.0%, extended to the femoral neck in 40% and to the femoral shaft in 49% of the cases studied. @entity4 were present at 48.7% of the hips. CONCLUSION: This study describes @entity6 @entity0 characteristics, the MR imaging findings ( @entity5 pattern, microfractures), their association with symptom duration and the chance of progressing to RMO.

title: MR imaging of transient @entity6 : An update on 155 XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: To characterize @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and determine its prognostic significance. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study, in which 184 @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity1 who had performed 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram were included. The median follow-up was 27.5  months. Baseline clinical and imagiologic characteristics, etiologic investigation results, and @entity3 and @entity1 recurrences information were collected. Number of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) per hour was categorized as less than 10 @entity6 /hour, 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and more than 30 @entity6 /hour. RESULTS: Most of the @entity0 had less than 10 @entity6 /hour (82.6%), 8.2% had 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and 9.2% had more than 30 @entity6 /hour. @entity0 with more than 30 @entity6 /hour had a greater median left atrium diameter than @entity0 with 30 @entity6 /hour or less (42  mm vs. 38  mm; 95% confidence interval [CI], .50-7.00; P  =  .003). Annual recurrence rate of @entity3 or @entity1 was 2.9% in @entity0 with less than 10 @entity6 /hour, 11.0% in 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and 22.6% in more than 30 @entity6 /hour (P  =  .001). More than 30 @entity6 /hour were independently associated with recurrence risk in multivariate survival analysis (hazard ratio, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.12-10.32; P  =  .030). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity1 , frequent @entity5 (>30 @entity6 /h) was independently associated with increased risk of @entity2 or @entity1 recurrence. Further studies need to validate frequent @entity5 as a risk factor for recurrence in cryptogenic @entity2 and confirm its role as a predictor of occult @entity4 .

title: XXXX Activity in Cryptogenic @entity3 and @entity1 : A Risk Factor for Recurrence.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: To characterize @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and determine its prognostic significance. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study, in which 184 @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity1 who had performed 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram were included. The median follow-up was 27.5  months. Baseline clinical and imagiologic characteristics, etiologic investigation results, and @entity3 and @entity1 recurrences information were collected. Number of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) per hour was categorized as less than 10 @entity6 /hour, 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and more than 30 @entity6 /hour. RESULTS: Most of the @entity0 had less than 10 @entity6 /hour (82.6%), 8.2% had 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and 9.2% had more than 30 @entity6 /hour. @entity0 with more than 30 @entity6 /hour had a greater median left atrium diameter than @entity0 with 30 @entity6 /hour or less (42  mm vs. 38  mm; 95% confidence interval [CI], .50-7.00; P  =  .003). Annual recurrence rate of @entity3 or @entity1 was 2.9% in @entity0 with less than 10 @entity6 /hour, 11.0% in 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and 22.6% in more than 30 @entity6 /hour (P  =  .001). More than 30 @entity6 /hour were independently associated with recurrence risk in multivariate survival analysis (hazard ratio, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.12-10.32; P  =  .030). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity1 , frequent @entity5 (>30 @entity6 /h) was independently associated with increased risk of @entity2 or @entity1 recurrence. Further studies need to validate frequent @entity5 as a risk factor for recurrence in cryptogenic @entity2 and confirm its role as a predictor of occult @entity4 .

title: @entity5 Activity in Cryptogenic @entity3 and XXXX : A Risk Factor for Recurrence.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: To characterize @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and determine its prognostic significance. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study, in which 184 @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity1 who had performed 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram were included. The median follow-up was 27.5  months. Baseline clinical and imagiologic characteristics, etiologic investigation results, and @entity3 and @entity1 recurrences information were collected. Number of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) per hour was categorized as less than 10 @entity6 /hour, 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and more than 30 @entity6 /hour. RESULTS: Most of the @entity0 had less than 10 @entity6 /hour (82.6%), 8.2% had 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and 9.2% had more than 30 @entity6 /hour. @entity0 with more than 30 @entity6 /hour had a greater median left atrium diameter than @entity0 with 30 @entity6 /hour or less (42  mm vs. 38  mm; 95% confidence interval [CI], .50-7.00; P  =  .003). Annual recurrence rate of @entity3 or @entity1 was 2.9% in @entity0 with less than 10 @entity6 /hour, 11.0% in 10-30 @entity6 /hour, and 22.6% in more than 30 @entity6 /hour (P  =  .001). More than 30 @entity6 /hour were independently associated with recurrence risk in multivariate survival analysis (hazard ratio, 3.40; 95% CI, 1.12-10.32; P  =  .030). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity1 , frequent @entity5 (>30 @entity6 /h) was independently associated with increased risk of @entity2 or @entity1 recurrence. Further studies need to validate frequent @entity5 as a risk factor for recurrence in cryptogenic @entity2 and confirm its role as a predictor of occult @entity4 .

title: @entity5 Activity in Cryptogenic XXXX and @entity1 : A Risk Factor for Recurrence.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We studied the effects of the local anesthetics, @entity6 and @entity7 , on the action potential and force of @entity0 ventricular muscle and Purkinje fibers. In ventricular muscle, @entity6 often shifted the plateau to a more positive value and increased the force of contraction, whereas @entity7 shortened the action potential and decreased contractile force. In Purkinje fibers, both local anesthetics reduced contractile force and decreased the duration of the action potential markedly. In ventricular muscle fibers @entity2 potentiated the positive inotropic effect of @entity6 and changed the effects of @entity7 from a negative to a positive inotropic effect. The potentiating effect of @entity6 on contraction was eliminated by @entity3 . In the presence of @entity2 (and the absence of @entity3 ), in Purkinje fibers both anesthetics decreased force but less than in the absence of @entity2 . In the presence of @entity1 ( @entity5 ) and @entity2 , @entity6 and @entity7 increased contractile force of muscle fibers. Under the same conditions in Purkinje fibers, @entity6 increased contractile force and @entity7 decreased it (but less than in the absence of @entity5 ). Administration of @entity8 increased contractile force in both ventricular muscle and Purkinje fibers: under these conditions, both local anesthetics decreased contractile force in both tissues. We conclude that: (1) the positive inotropic effects of @entity6 and @entity7 are mediated through an adrenergic mechanism; (2) the negative inotropic effect is at least in part mediated through a reduction of @entity4 influx; and (3) the negative inotropic effect is more pronounced in Purkinje fibers because of a larger steady state @entity4 influx during the plateau.

title: Local anesthetics and the role of XXXX in the force development by @entity0 ventricular muscle and purkinje fibers.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We studied the effects of the local anesthetics, @entity6 and @entity7 , on the action potential and force of @entity0 ventricular muscle and Purkinje fibers. In ventricular muscle, @entity6 often shifted the plateau to a more positive value and increased the force of contraction, whereas @entity7 shortened the action potential and decreased contractile force. In Purkinje fibers, both local anesthetics reduced contractile force and decreased the duration of the action potential markedly. In ventricular muscle fibers @entity2 potentiated the positive inotropic effect of @entity6 and changed the effects of @entity7 from a negative to a positive inotropic effect. The potentiating effect of @entity6 on contraction was eliminated by @entity3 . In the presence of @entity2 (and the absence of @entity3 ), in Purkinje fibers both anesthetics decreased force but less than in the absence of @entity2 . In the presence of @entity1 ( @entity5 ) and @entity2 , @entity6 and @entity7 increased contractile force of muscle fibers. Under the same conditions in Purkinje fibers, @entity6 increased contractile force and @entity7 decreased it (but less than in the absence of @entity5 ). Administration of @entity8 increased contractile force in both ventricular muscle and Purkinje fibers: under these conditions, both local anesthetics decreased contractile force in both tissues. We conclude that: (1) the positive inotropic effects of @entity6 and @entity7 are mediated through an adrenergic mechanism; (2) the negative inotropic effect is at least in part mediated through a reduction of @entity4 influx; and (3) the negative inotropic effect is more pronounced in Purkinje fibers because of a larger steady state @entity4 influx during the plateau.

title: Local anesthetics and the role of @entity4 in the force development by XXXX ventricular muscle and purkinje fibers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Increasing evidence has suggested that brain orexins are implicated in a wide variety of physiological functions. With regard to gastrointestinal functions, @entity6 acts centrally to regulate gastrointestinal functions such as gastric and pancreatic secretion, and @entity2 . Visceral sensation is also known as one of key gastrointestinal functions which are controlled by the central nervous system. Little is, however, known about a role of central orexin in visceral sensation. This study was therefore performed to clarify whether brain orexin may be involved in the process of visceral sensation. Visceral sensation was evaluated by @entity3 -induced abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) in conscious @entity0 . Intracisternally administered @entity6 dose-dependently increased the threshold volume of @entity3 -induced AWR. In contrast, neither intraperitoneal injection of @entity6 nor intracisternal orexin-B altered the threshold volume. While intracisternal @entity7 , an orexin 1 receptor antagonist, by itself failed to change the threshold volume, @entity7 injected centrally completely blocked the @entity4 -induced antinociceptive action against @entity3 . These results suggest for the first time that @entity6 specifically acts centrally in the brain to enhance antinociceptive response to @entity3 . We would furthermore suggest that endogenous @entity6 indeed mediates the antinociceptive effect of @entity4 on visceral sensation through the orexin 1 receptors. All these evidence might indicate that brain orexin play a role in the pathophysiology of functional @entity2 such as @entity5 because @entity1 of the gut is considered to play a vital role in the diseases.

title: Antinociceptive action against XXXX by brain orexin in conscious @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Increasing evidence has suggested that brain orexins are implicated in a wide variety of physiological functions. With regard to gastrointestinal functions, @entity6 acts centrally to regulate gastrointestinal functions such as gastric and pancreatic secretion, and @entity2 . Visceral sensation is also known as one of key gastrointestinal functions which are controlled by the central nervous system. Little is, however, known about a role of central orexin in visceral sensation. This study was therefore performed to clarify whether brain orexin may be involved in the process of visceral sensation. Visceral sensation was evaluated by @entity3 -induced abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) in conscious @entity0 . Intracisternally administered @entity6 dose-dependently increased the threshold volume of @entity3 -induced AWR. In contrast, neither intraperitoneal injection of @entity6 nor intracisternal orexin-B altered the threshold volume. While intracisternal @entity7 , an orexin 1 receptor antagonist, by itself failed to change the threshold volume, @entity7 injected centrally completely blocked the @entity4 -induced antinociceptive action against @entity3 . These results suggest for the first time that @entity6 specifically acts centrally in the brain to enhance antinociceptive response to @entity3 . We would furthermore suggest that endogenous @entity6 indeed mediates the antinociceptive effect of @entity4 on visceral sensation through the orexin 1 receptors. All these evidence might indicate that brain orexin play a role in the pathophysiology of functional @entity2 such as @entity5 because @entity1 of the gut is considered to play a vital role in the diseases.

title: Antinociceptive action against @entity3 by brain orexin in conscious XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite advancements in the treatment of @entity5 , @entity2 ( @entity2 ) may potentially affect disease prognosis. This study aims to evaluate whether @entity2 is associated with survival from @entity5 . METHODS: The US National @entity1 Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) 1973-2010 data were analyzed; thereafter, results were meta-analyzed along with those from survival (cohort) studies examining the association between @entity2 indices and survival from @entity5 (end-of-search date: 31 March 2014). Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled effect estimates (relative risks, RRs); meta-regression was also used. RESULTS: We included 29 studies yielding 28 804 @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 3208 @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and 27 650 'any' @entity5 (denoting joint reporting of all subtypes) cases. According to individual-level composite @entity2 indices, @entity0 from low @entity2 suffered from nearly twofold higher death rates from @entity3 (pooled RR: 1.83, 95% confidence interval 1.00-3.34, based on four study arms); likewise, death RRs derived from an array of lower area-level @entity2 indices ranged between 1.17 and 1.33 (based on 11 study arms). Importantly, the survival gap between higher and lower @entity2 seemed wider in the United States, with considerably (by 20%-82%) increased RRs for death from @entity3 in lower @entity2 . Regarding @entity6 , poorer survival was evident only when area-level @entity2 indices were used. Lastly, remoteness indices were not associated with survival from @entity5 . CONCLUSION: @entity0 with lower @entity2 suffering @entity5 do not seem to equally enjoy the @entity4 . Special health policy strategies and increased awareness of health providers might minimize the effects of socioeconomic disparities.

title: Socioeconomic disparities in survival from XXXX in the United States and globally: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: CONTEXT: Approximately 30% of the @entity0 report @entity1 in the affected breast before breast cancer surgery. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this secondary analysis of our prospective study was to determine how @entity0 who experienced both preoperative and persistent postsurgical @entity3 (n=107) differed from @entity0 who did not report preoperative @entity3 and did (n=158) or did not (n=122) experience persistent postsurgical @entity3 . METHODS: Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated. Linear mixed effects (LME) modeling was used to evaluate for group differences in symptom severity, function, sensation, and quality of life (QOL) over time. RESULTS: Between-group differences in demographic and clinical characteristics as well as trajectories of shoulder function and QOL were identified. @entity0 with both preoperative and persistent postsurgical @entity3 were younger; were more likely to report swelling, strange sensations, hardness, and @entity2 in the affected breast before surgery; and were more likely to have reconstruction at the time of surgery. @entity0 with both preoperative and persistent postsurgical @entity3 had more biopsies in the prior year, more lymph nodes removed, and reported more severe acute postsurgical @entity1 than @entity0 without preoperative @entity3 . The LME modeling revealed significant group effects for most outcomes evaluated. Over the six months of the study, @entity0 with both preoperative and persistent postsurgical @entity1 had persistently poorer shoulder flexion and physical well-being than @entity0 without preoperative @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Investigations of the etiology and molecular mechanisms of preoperative @entity3 , as well as interventions for this high-risk group, are needed.

title: Preoperative Breast @entity1 Predicts Persistent Breast XXXX and Disability After Breast Cancer Surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: Approximately 30% of the @entity0 report @entity1 in the affected breast before breast cancer surgery. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this secondary analysis of our prospective study was to determine how @entity0 who experienced both preoperative and persistent postsurgical @entity3 (n=107) differed from @entity0 who did not report preoperative @entity3 and did (n=158) or did not (n=122) experience persistent postsurgical @entity3 . METHODS: Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated. Linear mixed effects (LME) modeling was used to evaluate for group differences in symptom severity, function, sensation, and quality of life (QOL) over time. RESULTS: Between-group differences in demographic and clinical characteristics as well as trajectories of shoulder function and QOL were identified. @entity0 with both preoperative and persistent postsurgical @entity3 were younger; were more likely to report swelling, strange sensations, hardness, and @entity2 in the affected breast before surgery; and were more likely to have reconstruction at the time of surgery. @entity0 with both preoperative and persistent postsurgical @entity3 had more biopsies in the prior year, more lymph nodes removed, and reported more severe acute postsurgical @entity1 than @entity0 without preoperative @entity3 . The LME modeling revealed significant group effects for most outcomes evaluated. Over the six months of the study, @entity0 with both preoperative and persistent postsurgical @entity1 had persistently poorer shoulder flexion and physical well-being than @entity0 without preoperative @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Investigations of the etiology and molecular mechanisms of preoperative @entity3 , as well as interventions for this high-risk group, are needed.

title: Preoperative Breast XXXX Predicts Persistent Breast @entity1 and Disability After Breast Cancer Surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Osteosynthesis of @entity2 is related to 20-46% complication rate. Filipov's novel method for biplane double-supported screw fixation ( @entity3 ), using three cannulated screws, has demonstrated excellent clinical results since 2007. Its two calcar-buttressed screws are oriented in different coronal inclinations with steeper angles to the diaphyseal axis and intended to provide constant fixation strength under different loading situations. The aim of this study was to biomechanically evaluate @entity3 fixation strength and compare it with the conventional fixation (CFIX) using three parallel cannulated screws. METHODS: Eight fresh-frozen and six embalmed @entity0 femoral pairs with simulated AO/OTA31-B2.2 @entity1 were fixed applying either CFIX or @entity3 . Quasistatic tests were performed in anteroposterior (AP) bending, followed by axial quasistatic, cyclic and destructive quasistatic tests run in 10   flexion with 7   or 16   varus specimen inclination. RESULTS: Initial axial stiffness was significantly higher for @entity3 in comparison with CFIX at 7   inclination (p=0.02) and not significantly different between @entity3 and CFIX at 16   inclination. Compared with the intact state, it decreased significantly at 7   inclination only for CFIX (p=0.01), but not for @entity3 . Interfragmentary displacement during cyclic testing was significantly smaller for @entity3 than CFIX at 7   inclination (p <=0.04) and not significantly different between @entity3 and CFIX at 16   inclination. Failure load did not differ significantly between @entity3 and CFIX at both inclinations. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 stability can be substantially increased applying @entity3 due to better cortical screw support and screw orientation. Having two calcar-buttressed screws oriented in different inclinations, @entity3 can enhance constant stability during various @entity0 activities. The more unstable the situation, the better @entity3 stability is in comparison to CFIX.

title: Unique stability of XXXX treated with the novel biplane double-supported screw fixation method: A biomechanical cadaver study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 with a @entity4 in the anterior pelvic ring often simultaneously demonstrate @entity2 in the posterior pelvic ring. The aim of the present prospective study was to assess the sensitivity of CT, MRI and clinical examination in the detection of @entity4 in the posterior pelvic ring in @entity0 with @entity4 of the anterior pelvic ring diagnosed in conventional radiographs. METHODS: Sixty @entity0 with radiographic signs of an anterior pelvic @entity1 were included in this prospective analysis. Following a focused clinical examination of the posterior pelvis, all @entity0 underwent both a CT and then a MRI scan of their pelvis. Two board certified radiologists evaluated the CT and MRI scans independently. To estimate the presence of @entity3 the Hounsfield units of the vertebral body of L5 were measured in each case. RESULTS: Fifty-three @entity0 and seven @entity0 , with a mean age of 74.7+/-15.6 years were included into the study. A @entity4 of the posterior pelvic ring was found in fourty-eight @entity0 (80%) @entity0 using MRI. @entity4 would have been missed in eight cases (17%), if only CT had been used. Eighty-five percent of the @entity0 with a posterior @entity4 had an @entity3 . The majority of the cases suffered from a low energy @entity1 . Thirty-eight @entity0 (83%) with positive clinical signs at the posterior pelvic ring actually had a @entity4 of the posterior pelvic ring in the MRI. The clinical examination proved to be equally effective to CT in detecting posterior pelvic ring @entity4 . CONCLUSION: The significance of both, clinical examination and CT was confirmed in the detection of @entity4 in the posterior pelvic ring. MRI examination of the pelvis however, was found to be superior in detecting undislocated @entity4 in a cohort of @entity0 with a high incidence of @entity3 . Using MRI may be beneficial in select cases, especially when reduced bone density is suspected.

title: Significance of clinical examination, CT and MRI scan in the diagnosis of posterior pelvic ring XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether supervision by an attending who is new to surgical teaching, or an experienced attending measurably influences intraoperative complications rates or outcomes in phacoemulsification performed by ophthalmology residents. SETTING: Single tertiary hospital. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Resident-performed phacoemulsification cases supervised by one novice attending (N=189) and experienced attending (N=172) over 1 year were included. Data included: resident year, @entity0 age, sex, preoperative risk factors (4+ on the four point scale for dense/white/brunescent @entity1 , Flomax, zonular dialysis, pseudoexfoliation, @entity3 risk, post-vitrectomy), intraoperative risk factors ( @entity4 , iris hooks), and intraoperative complications (capsule tears, @entity2 , zonular dialysis, zonular dehiscence, burns, nuclear fragment loss, Descemet's tear). Experienced attending data were compared against those of the novice attending. RESULTS: Regarding preoperative risks, experienced attending cases more likely involved 4+ @entity1 (P=0.005), Flomax (P<0.001), or @entity3 risk (P=0.001). For intraoperative risks, novice attending cases more likely involved @entity4 (P<0.001). Regarding complications, novice attending cases were associated with @entity2 (P=0.002) and anterior capsule tears (P<0.001). When comparing total complications, the novice attending was more likely to have both increased number of cases with complications and total complications than the experienced attending. The novice attending's overall complication rate trended downward (rate from 28% in first 25 cases to 6.67% in last 15). CONCLUSION: Early cases for the novice attending were accompanied by greater complications ( @entity2 and anterior capsule tear), likely due to a learning curve. Surgical judgment in the operating room likely develops with experience. Training programs may focus on these specific areas to aid new instructors.

title: Comparing resident XXXX surgery outcomes under novice versus experienced attending supervision.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic colectomy has been shown to have equivalent oncologic outcomes to open colectomy for the management of @entity2 , but its adoption nationally has been slow. This study investigates the prevalence and factors associated with laparoscopic colorectal resection at National @entity1 Network (NCCN) centers. METHODS: Data on @entity0 undergoing surgery for @entity2 at NCCN centers from 2005 to 2010 were obtained from chart review of medical records for the NCCN Outcomes Project and included information on socioeconomic status, insurance coverage, comorbidity, and physician-reported Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status. Associations between receipt of minimally invasive surgery and @entity0 and clinical variables were analyzed with univariate and multivariable logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: A total of 4032 @entity0 , diagnosed between September 2005 and December 2010, underwent elective colon or rectal resection for @entity1 at NCCN centers. Median age of @entity2 @entity0 was 62.6 years, and 49% were @entity0 . The percent of @entity2 @entity0 treated with minimally invasive surgery (MIS) increased from 35% in 2006 to 51% in 2010 across all centers but varied statistically significantly between centers. On multivariable analysis, factors associated with minimally invasive surgery for @entity2 @entity0 who had surgery at an NCCN institution were older age (P = .02), male sex (P = .006), fewer comorbidities (P  <= .001), lower final T-stage (P < .001), median household income greater than or equal to  80000 (P < .001), ECOG performance status = 0 (P = .02), and NCCN institution (P  <= .001). CONCLUSIONS: The use of MIS increased at NCCN centers. However, there was statistically significant variation in adoption of MIS technique among centers.

title: Incidence of minimally invasive colorectal cancer surgery at national comprehensive XXXX network centers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To discuss the rationale, hypothesis, modality of extracorporeal blood purification (EBP) techniques for the critically ill animal models or @entity0 , and to summarize the experimental and clinical studies with inconsistent data which explored the EBP's efficacy in the areas of critical care medicine. DATA SOURCES: Articles referred in this review were collected from the database of PubMed published in English up to June 2014. STUDY SELECTION: We had done a literature search by using the term "( @entity2 OR @entity3 OR @entity4 ) AND (extracorporeal blood purification OR hemofiltration OR hemoperfusion OR @entity5 OR plasmapheresis OR adsorpiton)". Related original or review articles were included and carefully analyzed. RESULTS: Acute cellular and humoral immune disturbances occur in both @entity2 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Treatments aimed at targeting one single pro-/anti-inflammatory mediator have largely failed with no proven clinical benefits. Such failure shifts the therapeutic rationale to the nonspecific, broad-spectrum methods for modulating the over-activated inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response. Therefore, EBP techniques have become the potential weapons with high promise for removing the circulating pro-/anti-inflammatory mediators and promoting immune reconstitution. Over the years, multiple extracorporeal techniques for the critically ill animal models or @entity0 have been developed, including hemofiltration (HF), high-volume hemofiltration (HVHF), high-cutoff hemofiltration ( @entity1 -HF), hemo-perfusion or -adsorption (HP/HA), coupled plasma filtration adsorption (CPFA), and @entity5 ( @entity5 ). These previous studies showed that EBP therapy was feasible and safe for the critically ill animal models or @entity0 . However, data on their efficacy (especially on the clinical benefits, such as mortality) were inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS: It is not now to conclude that EBP intervention can purify septic or @entity4 @entity0 with high clinical efficacy from current experimental and clinical practice. Prospective, randomized controlled, and well-designed clinical or experimental studies and most suitable EBP modalities should be further developed.

title: Extracorporeal blood therapy in XXXX and @entity4 : the "purifying dream".

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To discuss the rationale, hypothesis, modality of extracorporeal blood purification (EBP) techniques for the critically ill animal models or @entity0 , and to summarize the experimental and clinical studies with inconsistent data which explored the EBP's efficacy in the areas of critical care medicine. DATA SOURCES: Articles referred in this review were collected from the database of PubMed published in English up to June 2014. STUDY SELECTION: We had done a literature search by using the term "( @entity2 OR @entity3 OR @entity4 ) AND (extracorporeal blood purification OR hemofiltration OR hemoperfusion OR @entity5 OR plasmapheresis OR adsorpiton)". Related original or review articles were included and carefully analyzed. RESULTS: Acute cellular and humoral immune disturbances occur in both @entity2 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Treatments aimed at targeting one single pro-/anti-inflammatory mediator have largely failed with no proven clinical benefits. Such failure shifts the therapeutic rationale to the nonspecific, broad-spectrum methods for modulating the over-activated inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response. Therefore, EBP techniques have become the potential weapons with high promise for removing the circulating pro-/anti-inflammatory mediators and promoting immune reconstitution. Over the years, multiple extracorporeal techniques for the critically ill animal models or @entity0 have been developed, including hemofiltration (HF), high-volume hemofiltration (HVHF), high-cutoff hemofiltration ( @entity1 -HF), hemo-perfusion or -adsorption (HP/HA), coupled plasma filtration adsorption (CPFA), and @entity5 ( @entity5 ). These previous studies showed that EBP therapy was feasible and safe for the critically ill animal models or @entity0 . However, data on their efficacy (especially on the clinical benefits, such as mortality) were inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS: It is not now to conclude that EBP intervention can purify septic or @entity4 @entity0 with high clinical efficacy from current experimental and clinical practice. Prospective, randomized controlled, and well-designed clinical or experimental studies and most suitable EBP modalities should be further developed.

title: Extracorporeal blood therapy in @entity2 and XXXX : the "purifying dream".

answer: @entity4


abstract: The survival rate for @entity2 is much better when the disease is detected early, so improvements in methodology for early detection would be beneficial. When urine contains neoplastic urothelial cells, it carries biomarkers of the disease. This study aims to develop a test for the detection of @entity3 in the urine. The sediments from urines of ten @entity0 with @entity3 and ten randomly selected normal controls were tested for @entity1 biomarkers using high-resolution mass spectroscopy. 212 unique individual proteins were identified. Most of them occurred only once or twice in the entire cohort of cases. When sorting the detected proteins by their subcellular compartments, we were able to develop a test that differentiates between the two sets. When the combination of nuclear and red blood cell proteins was used as the discriminating function, the level of statistical significance was p=0.003, the sensitivity was 90%, the specificity 67% and the area under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) was 94%. When the lack of any detectible proteins, which includes nuclear proteins, was included as a criterion indicating benign urine, the specificity increased to 80%. This use of cellular compartment localization of the detected proteins in the discriminating function is less restrictive than requiring the presence of specific proteins, and we were able to develop a screening test with this less stringent criterion. This approach can be applied to other @entity1 , such as breast, lung and @entity4 , where the need for a simple screening test is even greater.

title: Development of a test to identify XXXX in the urine of @entity0 using mass spectroscopy and subcellular localization of the detected proteins.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The survival rate for @entity2 is much better when the disease is detected early, so improvements in methodology for early detection would be beneficial. When urine contains neoplastic urothelial cells, it carries biomarkers of the disease. This study aims to develop a test for the detection of @entity3 in the urine. The sediments from urines of ten @entity0 with @entity3 and ten randomly selected normal controls were tested for @entity1 biomarkers using high-resolution mass spectroscopy. 212 unique individual proteins were identified. Most of them occurred only once or twice in the entire cohort of cases. When sorting the detected proteins by their subcellular compartments, we were able to develop a test that differentiates between the two sets. When the combination of nuclear and red blood cell proteins was used as the discriminating function, the level of statistical significance was p=0.003, the sensitivity was 90%, the specificity 67% and the area under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) was 94%. When the lack of any detectible proteins, which includes nuclear proteins, was included as a criterion indicating benign urine, the specificity increased to 80%. This use of cellular compartment localization of the detected proteins in the discriminating function is less restrictive than requiring the presence of specific proteins, and we were able to develop a screening test with this less stringent criterion. This approach can be applied to other @entity1 , such as breast, lung and @entity4 , where the need for a simple screening test is even greater.

title: Development of a test to identify @entity2 in the urine of XXXX using mass spectroscopy and subcellular localization of the detected proteins.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND @entity8 ( @entity8 ) constitute a noteworthy portion of causes of @entity5 and disability in Iran. However, data on their prevalence and burden is sparse in Iran. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in 2010 has provided invaluable comprehensive data on the burden of @entity8 in Iran. METHODS Estimations of @entity5 , years of life lost due to @entity5 (YLL), years of life lost due to disability (YLD), disability-adjusted life years (DALY), life expectancy, and healthy life expectancy have been reported for 291 diseases, 67 risk factors, 1160 sequelae, for both sexes and 19 age groups, form 1990 to 2010 for 187 countries. In the current paper, 5 major categories of @entity8 have been investigated as follows: GI @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity13 , and other digestive diseases. RESULTS Among @entity0 , 7.6% of all @entity5 and 3.9% of all DALYs were due to digestive and @entity8 in 2010. The respective figures in @entity0 were 7.8% of @entity5 and 4.6% of DALYs. The most important cause of @entity5 among @entity0 under 5 is @entity6 . Among adults between 15 to 49 years old, the main causes of @entity5 are @entity2 and @entity1 , while @entity6 still remains a major cause of DALY. Among adults 50 years and above, @entity2 and @entity1 are the main causes of both @entity5 and DALYs. @entity12 and @entity15 , @entity14 , @entity10 and @entity11 , @entity3 , @entity16 , @entity9 , and @entity3 mainly cause disability rather than @entity5 . CONCLUSION GBD study provides invaluable source of data on burden of @entity8 in Iran. However, there exist limitations, namely overestimation of burden of @entity2 and underestimation of the burden of @entity7 that are usually diagnosed in outpatient settings. The collaboration of scientists across the world and specifically those from developing countries is necessary for improving the accuracy of future updates of GBD in these countries.

title: Burden of Gastrointestinal and XXXX in Iran: Estimates Based on the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, 2010.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The SCORTEN scale (SCORe of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis) is widely used to predict mortality in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Although it is largely a useful tool, the predictive ability of the scale is variable, and modifications to the existing scale have been suggested. In addition, there is controversy regarding the roles of active therapy and conservative management. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to assess outcomes in @entity6 / @entity1 @entity0 managed conservatively and to analyze the predictive performance of SCORTEN. METHODS: Sixty @entity0 were studied prospectively from October 2008 to September 2011. The accuracy of SCORTEN in predicting mortality was analyzed on days 1, 3, and 5 of admission. All @entity0 were managed conservatively. RESULTS: The discriminative power of SCORTEN was acceptable, being best on day 5. The agreement between actual and predicted mortality was poor, as indicated by a low P-value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic. Only three parameters (heart rate, blood @entity4 , and serum @entity5 ) were found to be significant on multivariate analysis, and all of these represented components within the original SCORTEN scale. The mortality rate was 16.7%. All @entity2 occurred within the first two  weeks (8-12  days). CONCLUSIONS: Serial analysis using SCORTEN is better than analysis performed only on day 1. Although the scale is largely useful, its performance is influenced by the demographic profile of the study population; minor modifications based on the population studied may increase the predictive accuracy of the original SCORTEN. In addition, conservative management is a valid therapeutic option, is preferable to treatment with @entity3 and immunosuppressants, and is highly recommended.

title: A clinicotherapeutic analysis of @entity6 and XXXX with an emphasis on the predictive value and accuracy of SCORe of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The SCORTEN scale (SCORe of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis) is widely used to predict mortality in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Although it is largely a useful tool, the predictive ability of the scale is variable, and modifications to the existing scale have been suggested. In addition, there is controversy regarding the roles of active therapy and conservative management. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to assess outcomes in @entity6 / @entity1 @entity0 managed conservatively and to analyze the predictive performance of SCORTEN. METHODS: Sixty @entity0 were studied prospectively from October 2008 to September 2011. The accuracy of SCORTEN in predicting mortality was analyzed on days 1, 3, and 5 of admission. All @entity0 were managed conservatively. RESULTS: The discriminative power of SCORTEN was acceptable, being best on day 5. The agreement between actual and predicted mortality was poor, as indicated by a low P-value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic. Only three parameters (heart rate, blood @entity4 , and serum @entity5 ) were found to be significant on multivariate analysis, and all of these represented components within the original SCORTEN scale. The mortality rate was 16.7%. All @entity2 occurred within the first two  weeks (8-12  days). CONCLUSIONS: Serial analysis using SCORTEN is better than analysis performed only on day 1. Although the scale is largely useful, its performance is influenced by the demographic profile of the study population; minor modifications based on the population studied may increase the predictive accuracy of the original SCORTEN. In addition, conservative management is a valid therapeutic option, is preferable to treatment with @entity3 and immunosuppressants, and is highly recommended.

title: A clinicotherapeutic analysis of XXXX and @entity1 with an emphasis on the predictive value and accuracy of SCORe of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Introduction @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is usually the result of a single @entity2 that can often be accurately located preoperatively and excised by a focused operation. Intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) measurement is used occasionally to detect additional abnormal glands. However, it remains controversial as to whether IOPTH monitoring is necessary. This study presents the results of a large series of focused parathyroidectomy without IOPTH measurement. Methods Data from 2003 to 2014 were collected on 180 consecutive @entity0 who underwent surgical treatment for @entity1 by a single surgeon. Preoperative ultrasonography and sestamibi imaging was performed routinely, with computed tomography (CT) and/or selective venous sampling in selected cases. The preferred procedure for single gland disease was a focused lateral approach guided by on-table surgeon performed ultrasonography. Frozen section was used selectively and surgical cure was defined as normocalcaemia at the six-month follow-up appointment. Results Focused surgery was undertaken in 146 @entity0 (81%) and 97% of these cases had concordant results with two imaging modalities. In all cases, an abnormal gland was discovered at the predetermined site. Of the 146 @entity0 , 132 underwent a focused lateral approach (11 of which were converted to a collar incision), 10 required a collar incision and 4 underwent a mini-sternotomy. At 6 months following surgery, 142 @entity0 were normocalcaemic (97% primary cure rate). Three of the four treatment failures had subsequent surgery and are now biochemically cured. There were no complications or cases of persistent hypocalcaemia. Conclusions This study provides further evidence that in the presence of concordant preoperative imaging, IOPTH measurement can be safely omitted when performing focused parathyroidectomy for most cases of @entity1 .

title: Contemporary surgical treatment of XXXX without intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurement.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity5 is often asymptomatic, but outcomes require further characterization. The study objective was to investigate the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes in asymptomatic and symptomatic @entity0 with @entity5 who were prospectively enrolled in the EurObservational Research Programme - Atrial Fibrillation (EORP-AF) Pilot General Registry. METHODS: A total of 3119 @entity0 were enrolled, and 1237 (39.7%) were asymptomatic (European Heart Rhythm Association [EHRA] score I). Among symptomatic @entity0 , 963 (51.2%) had mild symptoms (EHRA score II) and 919 (48.8%) had severe or disabling symptoms (EHRA III-IV). Permanent @entity5 was 3-fold more common in asymptomatic @entity0 than in symptomatic @entity0 . RESULTS: On multivariate analysis, male gender (odds ratio [OR], 1.630; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.384-1.921), older age (OR, 1.019; 95% CI, 1.012-1.026), previous @entity2 (OR, 1.681; 95% CI, 1.350-2.093), and limited physical activity (OR, 1.757; 95% CI, 1.495-2.064) were associated significantly with asymptomatic (EHRA I) @entity5 . Fully asymptomatic @entity5 (absence of current and previous symptoms) was present in 520 @entity0 (16.7%) and was associated independently with male gender, age, and previous @entity2 . Appropriate guideline-based prescription of oral anticoagulants was lower in these @entity0 , and @entity1 was prescribed more frequently. Mortality at 1 year was more than 2-fold higher in asymptomatic @entity0 compared with symptomatic @entity0 (9.4% vs 4.2%, P < .0001) and was associated independently with older age and comorbidities, including @entity4 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic @entity5 is common in daily cardiology practice and is associated with elderly age, more comorbidities, and high @entity6 risks. A higher 1-year mortality was found in asymptomatic @entity0 compared with symptomatic @entity0 .

title: Asymptomatic XXXX : clinical correlates, management, and outcomes in the EORP-AF Pilot General Registry.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In Europe @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for @entity1 is still not approved for @entity0 aged >80 years. However, elderly @entity0 are frequently treated based on individual decision making. In a retrospective observational study a consecutive and prospective @entity1 registry in southwest Germany was analysed. METHODS: The data registry collected 101 349 @entity0 with @entity1 hospitalized from January 2008 to December 2012. Of these, 38 575 (38%) were aged 80 years and older and 10 286 (10.1%) underwent @entity2 . Favourable outcome at discharge was defined as modified @entity3 or not worse than prior to @entity1 . Multiple logistic regression models stratified by 10-year age groups were used to assess the relationship between @entity2 and mRS at discharge, adjusted for @entity0 characteristics, admitting facility and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: The highest @entity2 rate was 15% in @entity0 aged <50 years, with a continuous decline down to 8% in @entity0 aged >= 90 years. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for @entity0 80-89 years of age were 2.20 (1.95-2.47) (P < 0.0001) and 1.25 (0.88-1.78) (P = 0.21) for @entity0 >90 years of age, compared to @entity0 of the same age decade not treated with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: The evidence from routine hospital care in southwest Germany indicates that @entity2 is an effective treatment also for aged @entity0 with @entity1 in an age range between 80 and 89 years. Although no clear evidence for the effectiveness of @entity2 beyond 90 years was found, treatment should also be carefully considered in these @entity0 . High age should not discourage from treatment.

title: Intravenous thrombolysis for acute XXXX in the elderly: data from the Baden-Wuerttemberg @entity1 registry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In Europe @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for @entity1 is still not approved for @entity0 aged >80 years. However, elderly @entity0 are frequently treated based on individual decision making. In a retrospective observational study a consecutive and prospective @entity1 registry in southwest Germany was analysed. METHODS: The data registry collected 101 349 @entity0 with @entity1 hospitalized from January 2008 to December 2012. Of these, 38 575 (38%) were aged 80 years and older and 10 286 (10.1%) underwent @entity2 . Favourable outcome at discharge was defined as modified @entity3 or not worse than prior to @entity1 . Multiple logistic regression models stratified by 10-year age groups were used to assess the relationship between @entity2 and mRS at discharge, adjusted for @entity0 characteristics, admitting facility and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: The highest @entity2 rate was 15% in @entity0 aged <50 years, with a continuous decline down to 8% in @entity0 aged >= 90 years. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for @entity0 80-89 years of age were 2.20 (1.95-2.47) (P < 0.0001) and 1.25 (0.88-1.78) (P = 0.21) for @entity0 >90 years of age, compared to @entity0 of the same age decade not treated with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: The evidence from routine hospital care in southwest Germany indicates that @entity2 is an effective treatment also for aged @entity0 with @entity1 in an age range between 80 and 89 years. Although no clear evidence for the effectiveness of @entity2 beyond 90 years was found, treatment should also be carefully considered in these @entity0 . High age should not discourage from treatment.

title: Intravenous thrombolysis for acute @entity1 in the elderly: data from the Baden-Wuerttemberg XXXX registry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: Epigenetic mechanisms, including histone post-translational modifications and DNA methylation, are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), but the mediators are not well known. Moreover, although @entity6 contributes to @entity7 , epigenetic changes triggered by lipids are unclear. In @entity0 , increased expression of @entity9 (12/15-LO) enhances oxidized lipids such as @entity8 [ @entity8 ], which promote oxidant stress, @entity1 , and @entity3 , and mediate the actions of profibrotic growth factors. We hypothesized that 12/15-LO and its oxidized lipid products can regulate epigenetic mechanisms mediating profibrotic gene expression related to @entity7 . RESULTS: @entity8 increased profibrotic gene expression and enrichment of permissive histone @entity4 modifications at their promoters in MCs. @entity8 also increased protein levels of @entity10 , a histone H3 @entity4 4 methyltransferase, and promoted its nuclear translocation and enrichment at profibrotic gene promoters. Furthermore, @entity10 ( @entity10 ) gene silencing inhibited @entity8 -induced profibrotic gene expression. 12/15-LO ( @entity9 ) gene silencing or genetic knockout inhibited @entity5 ( @entity5 )-induced expression of @entity10 and profibrotic genes and histone modifications in MCs. Furthermore, 12/15-LO knockout in @entity2 ameliorated key features of @entity7 and abrogated increases in renal @entity10 and profibrotic genes. Additionally, 12/15-LO siRNAs in vivo blocked increases in renal @entity10 and profibrotic genes in @entity0 @entity2 . Innovation and Conclusion: These novel results demonstrate for the first time that 12/15-LO-derived oxidized lipids regulate histone modifications associated with profibrotic gene expression in MCs, and 12/15-LO can mediate similar actions of @entity5 and @entity0 . Targeting 12/15-LO might be a useful strategy to inhibit key epigenetic mechanisms involved in @entity7 . Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.

title: Epigenetic Histone Modifications Involved in Profibrotic Gene Regulation by XXXX and Its Oxidized Lipid Products in @entity7 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: AIMS: Epigenetic mechanisms, including histone post-translational modifications and DNA methylation, are implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), but the mediators are not well known. Moreover, although @entity6 contributes to @entity7 , epigenetic changes triggered by lipids are unclear. In @entity0 , increased expression of @entity9 (12/15-LO) enhances oxidized lipids such as @entity8 [ @entity8 ], which promote oxidant stress, @entity1 , and @entity3 , and mediate the actions of profibrotic growth factors. We hypothesized that 12/15-LO and its oxidized lipid products can regulate epigenetic mechanisms mediating profibrotic gene expression related to @entity7 . RESULTS: @entity8 increased profibrotic gene expression and enrichment of permissive histone @entity4 modifications at their promoters in MCs. @entity8 also increased protein levels of @entity10 , a histone H3 @entity4 4 methyltransferase, and promoted its nuclear translocation and enrichment at profibrotic gene promoters. Furthermore, @entity10 ( @entity10 ) gene silencing inhibited @entity8 -induced profibrotic gene expression. 12/15-LO ( @entity9 ) gene silencing or genetic knockout inhibited @entity5 ( @entity5 )-induced expression of @entity10 and profibrotic genes and histone modifications in MCs. Furthermore, 12/15-LO knockout in @entity2 ameliorated key features of @entity7 and abrogated increases in renal @entity10 and profibrotic genes. Additionally, 12/15-LO siRNAs in vivo blocked increases in renal @entity10 and profibrotic genes in @entity0 @entity2 . Innovation and Conclusion: These novel results demonstrate for the first time that 12/15-LO-derived oxidized lipids regulate histone modifications associated with profibrotic gene expression in MCs, and 12/15-LO can mediate similar actions of @entity5 and @entity0 . Targeting 12/15-LO might be a useful strategy to inhibit key epigenetic mechanisms involved in @entity7 . Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.

title: Epigenetic Histone Modifications Involved in Profibrotic Gene Regulation by @entity9 and Its Oxidized Lipid Products in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 is characterized by incomplete hippocampal inversion with a rounded shape and blurred internal architecture. There is still debate about whether @entity1 has pathologic significance. We present findings from the Consequences of @entity3 in Childhood (FEBSTAT) study on the frequency of and risk factors for @entity1 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: FEBSTAT is a prospective multicenter study investigating the consequences of @entity2 in childhood. MRI studies of 226 @entity0 with @entity2 were analyzed visually by two board-certified neuroradiologists blinded to clinical details and were compared with MRI studies of 96 subjects with first @entity3 . Quantitative analysis of hippocampal volume was performed by two independent observers. RESULTS: @entity1 was present in 20 of 226 (8.8%) @entity0 with @entity2 compared with two of 96 (2.1%) control subjects (odds ratio [OR], 4.56; 95% CI, 1.05-19.92). @entity1 was exclusively left-sided in 18 of 22 (81.8%) @entity0 and bilateral in the remaining four @entity0 (18.2%). There was no case of exclusively right-sided @entity1 . @entity1 was more common in @entity0 than in @entity0 (OR, 6.1; 95% CI, 1.7-21.5). On quantitative volumetric MRI analysis, the left hippocampal volume was smaller in @entity0 with @entity1 than in control subjects with @entity3 (p = 0.004), and the right-to-left hippocampal volume ratio was higher in the @entity1 group than in the @entity3 group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity1 is a developmental @entity4 that predominantly affects the left hippocampus in male @entity0 and is more frequently found in @entity0 with prolonged @entity2 than in control subjects. These data provide further evidence that @entity1 represents a pathologic error in brain development rather than a normal variant.

title: Hippocampal Malrotation Is Associated With XXXX : Results of the FEBSTAT Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs) remain one of the most common @entity2 to mimic a @entity4 , particularly primary @entity3 (PCNSL) and high-grade @entity1 . The purpose of our study was to evaluate the ability of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and conventional MRI features to differentiate TDLs from PCNSLs and high-grade @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-five @entity0 (24 @entity0 with TDLs, 28 with PCNSLs, and 23 with high-grade @entity1 ) with 168 @entity2 (70 TDLs, 68 PCNSLs, and 30 high-grade @entity1 ) who underwent DWI before surgery or therapy were included in the study. Minimum ADC (ADCmin) and average ADC (ADCavg) values were calculated for each lesion. ANOVA and ROC analyses were performed. ROC analyses were also performed for the presence of incomplete rim enhancement and for the number of lesions. Multiple-variable logistic regression with ROC analysis was then performed to evaluate performance in multiple-variable models. RESULTS: ADCmin was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.01) in TDLs (mean, 0.886; 95% CI, 0.802-0.931) than in PCNSLs (0.547; 95% CI, 0.496-0.598) and high-grade @entity1 (0.470; 95% CI, 0.385-0.555). (All ADC values in this article are reported in units of * 10(-3) mm(2)/s.) ADCavg was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.01) in TDLs (mean, 1.362; 95% CI, 1.268-1.456) than in PCNSLs (0.990; 95% CI, 0.919-1.061) but not in high-grade @entity1 (1.216; 95% CI, 1.074-1.356). Multiple-variable models showed statistically significant individual effects and superior diagnostic performance on ROC analysis. CONCLUSION: TDLs can be diagnosed on preoperative MRI with a high degree of specificity; MRI features of incomplete rim enhancement, high ADC values, and a large number of lesions individually increase the probability and diagnostic confidence that a lesion is a TDL.

title: Performance of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values and Conventional MRI Features in Differentiating Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions From XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Nontypeable @entity2 (NTHi) cause significant disease, including @entity4 in @entity0 , exacerbations of @entity3 , and invasive disease in susceptible populations. No vaccine is currently available to prevent @entity6 . The interactions of NTHi and the @entity0 host are primarily mediated by @entity7 and a complex array of surface-exposed proteins (SEPs) that act as receptors, sensors and secretion systems. We hypothesized that certain SEPs are present in all NTHi strains and that a subset of these may be antibody accessible and represent protective epitopes. Initially we used 15 genomic sequences available in the GenBank database along with an additional 11 genomic sequences generated by ourselves to identify the core set of putative SEPs present in all strains. Using bioinformatics, 56 core SEPs were identified. Molecular modeling generated putative structures of the SEPs from which potential surface exposed regions were defined. Synthetic peptides corresponding to ten of these highly conserved surface-exposed regions were used to raise antisera in rats. These antisera were used to assess passive protection in the @entity0 @entity1 model of invasive @entity5 . Five of the antisera were protective, thus demonstrating their in vivo antibody accessibility. These five peptide regions represent potential targets for peptide vaccine candidates to protect against @entity5 .

title: Antisera Against Certain Conserved Surface-Exposed Peptides of Nontypeable XXXX Are Protective.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The study explored the direction of change (decline vs. improvement) after @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the domains of the ICF: body structure, body function, and activity. METHODS: Thirteen @entity0 with @entity1 were assessed by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to measure body structure, the Barrow Neurological Institute Screen for Higher Cerebral Functions (BNIS) to measure body function, and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) to measure activity. The DTI, BNIS, and AMPS were applied at the acute phase (A1), and at 6 and 12 months @entity3 (A2 and A3). Visual and statistical analyses were conducted to explore time-dependent changes in the ICF domains. RESULTS: Improvements were observed for most @entity0 in all ICF domains from injury until six months. Thereafter, the results diverged, with half of the subjects showing a decline in DTI and BNIS scores between A2-A3, and all but one of the @entity0 exhibiting identical or better A2-A3 AMPS process skill scores. CONCLUSIONS: From 6 to 12 months @entity3 , some @entity0 underwent an ongoing degenerative process, causing a @entity2 . The same decline was not observed in the activity measure, which might be explained by the use of compensatory strategies. Implications for rehabilitation In rehabilitation it is essential to be aware that in some cases with @entity4 , an ongoing degenerative process in the white matter can be expected, causing an adverse late effect on cognitive function. The @entity2 , caused by @entity1 , does not necessarily mean a concurrent decrease in activity performance, possibly explained by the use of compensatory strategies. This suggests that, after the post-acute phase, rehabilitation offering strategy training may be beneficial to enhance every-day functioning. Strategy use requires awareness, which imply the need to assess level of awareness in order to guide rehabilitation.

title: XXXX due to @entity1 does not necessarily imply a corresponding decline in ability to perform activities.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The study explored the direction of change (decline vs. improvement) after @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the domains of the ICF: body structure, body function, and activity. METHODS: Thirteen @entity0 with @entity1 were assessed by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to measure body structure, the Barrow Neurological Institute Screen for Higher Cerebral Functions (BNIS) to measure body function, and the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) to measure activity. The DTI, BNIS, and AMPS were applied at the acute phase (A1), and at 6 and 12 months @entity3 (A2 and A3). Visual and statistical analyses were conducted to explore time-dependent changes in the ICF domains. RESULTS: Improvements were observed for most @entity0 in all ICF domains from injury until six months. Thereafter, the results diverged, with half of the subjects showing a decline in DTI and BNIS scores between A2-A3, and all but one of the @entity0 exhibiting identical or better A2-A3 AMPS process skill scores. CONCLUSIONS: From 6 to 12 months @entity3 , some @entity0 underwent an ongoing degenerative process, causing a @entity2 . The same decline was not observed in the activity measure, which might be explained by the use of compensatory strategies. Implications for rehabilitation In rehabilitation it is essential to be aware that in some cases with @entity4 , an ongoing degenerative process in the white matter can be expected, causing an adverse late effect on cognitive function. The @entity2 , caused by @entity1 , does not necessarily mean a concurrent decrease in activity performance, possibly explained by the use of compensatory strategies. This suggests that, after the post-acute phase, rehabilitation offering strategy training may be beneficial to enhance every-day functioning. Strategy use requires awareness, which imply the need to assess level of awareness in order to guide rehabilitation.

title: @entity2 due to XXXX does not necessarily imply a corresponding decline in ability to perform activities.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cyclophosphamide (Cy) in combination with busulfan (Bu) or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is the most commonly used myeloablative conditioning regimen in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We used data from the Center for International Bone Marrow Transplantation Research to compare outcomes in adults who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation for @entity3 in first chronic phase after myeloablative conditioning with Cy in combination with @entity1 , oral Bu, or intravenous (i.v.) Bu. Four hundred thirty-eight adults received human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling grafts and 235 received well-matched grafts from unrelated donors (URD) from 2000 through 2006. Important differences existed between the groups in distribution of donor relation, exposure to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and year of transplantation. In multivariate analysis, relapse occurred less frequently among @entity0 receiving i.v. Bu compared with @entity1 (relative risk [RR], .36; P  =  .022) or oral Bu (RR, .39; P  =  .028), but nonrelapse mortality and survival were similar. A significant interaction was detected between donor relation and the main effect in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Among recipients of HLA-identical sibling grafts, but not URD grafts, @entity2 was better in @entity0 receiving i.v. Bu (RR, .53; P  =  .025) or oral Bu (RR, .64; P  =  .017) compared with @entity1 . In @entity3 in first chronic phase, Cy in combination with i.v. Bu was associated with less relapse than @entity1 or oral Bu. @entity2 was better after i.v. or oral Bu compared with @entity1 .

title: Comparison of Outcomes of Allogeneic Transplantation for XXXX with Cyclophosphamide in Combination with Intravenous Busulfan, Oral Busulfan, or Total Body Irradiation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: HDL-increasing drugs such as fenofibrate and niacin have failed to decrease the cardiovascular risk in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 . Drug-mediated quantitative and qualitative HDL modifications could be involved in these negative results. To evaluate the quantitative and qualitative effects of niacin and fenofibrate on HDL in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 , a prospective, randomised controlled intervention trial was conducted. Thirty @entity2 2 @entity1 @entity0 with low HDL were randomised to receive either fenofibrate (FFB) or niacin  +  laropiprant (ERN/LPR) as an add-on to simvastatin treatment for 12 weeks according to a crossover design. At the basal point and after each intervention period, physical examinations and comprehensive standard biochemical determinations and HDL metabolomics were performed. Thirty nondiabetic @entity0 with normal HDL were used as a basal control group. ERN/ @entity6 , but not FFB, significantly increased HDL cholesterol. Neither ERN/ @entity6 nor FFB reversed the HDL particle size or particle number to normal. ERN/ @entity6 increased @entity3 but not @entity4 , whereas FFB produced the opposite effect. FFB significantly increased Preb1-HDL, whereas ERN/ @entity6 tended to lower Preb1-HDL. @entity7 and LCAT activities were significantly decreased only by ERN/ @entity6 . @entity5 activity in HDL and plasma decreased with the use of both agents. Despite their different actions on antioxidant parameters, none of the treatments induced detectable antioxidant improvements. ERN/ @entity6 had strikingly different effects on HDL quantity and quality, as well as on HDL cholesterol concentrations. When prescribing HDL cholesterol increasing drugs, this differential action should be considered.

title: Remarkable quantitative and qualitative differences in HDL after niacin or fenofibrate therapy in XXXX 2 @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: HDL-increasing drugs such as fenofibrate and niacin have failed to decrease the cardiovascular risk in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 . Drug-mediated quantitative and qualitative HDL modifications could be involved in these negative results. To evaluate the quantitative and qualitative effects of niacin and fenofibrate on HDL in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 , a prospective, randomised controlled intervention trial was conducted. Thirty @entity2 2 @entity1 @entity0 with low HDL were randomised to receive either fenofibrate (FFB) or niacin  +  laropiprant (ERN/LPR) as an add-on to simvastatin treatment for 12 weeks according to a crossover design. At the basal point and after each intervention period, physical examinations and comprehensive standard biochemical determinations and HDL metabolomics were performed. Thirty nondiabetic @entity0 with normal HDL were used as a basal control group. ERN/ @entity6 , but not FFB, significantly increased HDL cholesterol. Neither ERN/ @entity6 nor FFB reversed the HDL particle size or particle number to normal. ERN/ @entity6 increased @entity3 but not @entity4 , whereas FFB produced the opposite effect. FFB significantly increased Preb1-HDL, whereas ERN/ @entity6 tended to lower Preb1-HDL. @entity7 and LCAT activities were significantly decreased only by ERN/ @entity6 . @entity5 activity in HDL and plasma decreased with the use of both agents. Despite their different actions on antioxidant parameters, none of the treatments induced detectable antioxidant improvements. ERN/ @entity6 had strikingly different effects on HDL quantity and quality, as well as on HDL cholesterol concentrations. When prescribing HDL cholesterol increasing drugs, this differential action should be considered.

title: Remarkable quantitative and qualitative differences in HDL after niacin or fenofibrate therapy in @entity2 2 XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: HDL-increasing drugs such as fenofibrate and niacin have failed to decrease the cardiovascular risk in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 . Drug-mediated quantitative and qualitative HDL modifications could be involved in these negative results. To evaluate the quantitative and qualitative effects of niacin and fenofibrate on HDL in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 , a prospective, randomised controlled intervention trial was conducted. Thirty @entity2 2 @entity1 @entity0 with low HDL were randomised to receive either fenofibrate (FFB) or niacin  +  laropiprant (ERN/LPR) as an add-on to simvastatin treatment for 12 weeks according to a crossover design. At the basal point and after each intervention period, physical examinations and comprehensive standard biochemical determinations and HDL metabolomics were performed. Thirty nondiabetic @entity0 with normal HDL were used as a basal control group. ERN/ @entity6 , but not FFB, significantly increased HDL cholesterol. Neither ERN/ @entity6 nor FFB reversed the HDL particle size or particle number to normal. ERN/ @entity6 increased @entity3 but not @entity4 , whereas FFB produced the opposite effect. FFB significantly increased Preb1-HDL, whereas ERN/ @entity6 tended to lower Preb1-HDL. @entity7 and LCAT activities were significantly decreased only by ERN/ @entity6 . @entity5 activity in HDL and plasma decreased with the use of both agents. Despite their different actions on antioxidant parameters, none of the treatments induced detectable antioxidant improvements. ERN/ @entity6 had strikingly different effects on HDL quantity and quality, as well as on HDL cholesterol concentrations. When prescribing HDL cholesterol increasing drugs, this differential action should be considered.

title: Remarkable quantitative and qualitative differences in HDL after niacin or fenofibrate therapy in @entity2 2 @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: An enlarging @entity1 after @entity1 repair (EVAR) without @entity2 is a clinical challenge. Management of this problem is guided by the current evidence for adequate EVAR follow up and recommended thresholds for re-intervention. In a frail @entity0 , careful risk assessment of @entity1 related mortality against the risks associated with examinations and interventions is required. METHODS: The literature was reviewed for imaging modalities for EVAR follow up and their advantages and disadvantages. The current evidence and guideline recommendations regarding follow up and re-intervention after EVAR were assessed in relation to the presented case. RESULTS: To detect sac expansion after EVAR, repeated examinations with the same imaging modality are needed. Verified expansion must be above the inter-observer variation of the method used. Although duplex ultrasound is an excellent modality for EVAR follow up, the finding of a significant expansion on duplex requires further examination, primarily with computed tomography angiography to assess sealing, stent graft integrity, and presence of endoleak. A frail @entity0 should be assessed thoroughly before any kind of surgical intervention, the extent of which is related to the identified or suspected cause of expansion. CONCLUSION: Failure to totally exclude the @entity1 from continuing circulation, pressure and endoleak remains a potential shortcoming of EVAR. Significant sac expansion is an indication of EVAR failure. Decisions regarding further examinations or intervention are guided by the stability of the initial EVAR performed, the cause and extent of expansion, and the @entity0 's comorbidities.

title: Management of Aortic Sac Enlargement Following Successful EVAR in a Frail XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 can occur both in @entity0 undergoing radiation therapy, as well as in @entity0 who have had thymectomies. However, few studies have examined the immune recovery of a @entity0 following both procedures. We aim to emphasize the need for assessment and consistent monitoring of @entity0 with @entity5 prior to and after combined treatment of thymectomy and radiation, both of which are likely to result in an increased risk for @entity4 . CASE PRESENTATION: We describe the longitudinal progress of a 59-year-old Asian male who underwent thymectomy followed by radiation therapy and subsequently presented with generalized @entity1 . Revelation of a low absolute lymphocyte count (615 cells/mcL) on initial evaluation prompted further analysis of his immunoglobulin levels and antigen response to a polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PneumoVax-23). Although his immunoglobulin levels were unremarkable, he failed to respond to 11 of 12 serotypes of the pneumococcal vaccine. As a result, he was placed on Bactrim(R) (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) prophylaxis to prevent @entity6 , and his @entity2 + and @entity3 + counts were monitored over the course of 8 years. His lymphocyte counts 87 months after thymectomy and 85 months after radiation therapy were as follows: absolute lymphocyte count 956 cells/mcL, absolute CD3+/ @entity2 + 164/mm3 (16%) and absolute CD3+/ @entity3 + 257/mm3 (25%). The @entity0 was able to discontinue Bactrim(R) (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) prophylaxis after 9 years of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity7 , low @entity2 + count, and failed response to pneumococcal vaccination that presented in our @entity0 are consistent with @entity4 . After radiation alone, a recovery of T-lymphocytes is usually observed after approximately 3 weeks. Over the course of 8 years, he has still not made a full recovery according to laboratory markers, which seem to have stabilized at chronically low levels. To prevent serious complications, we suggest that @entity0 who have undergone both thymectomy and radiation therapy be monitored for @entity4 . This case report informs the practices of allergists, oncologists, and neurologists in the continuing care of @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: Prolonged severe XXXX following thymectomy and radiation: a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Comorbidity of @entity2 and @entity5 can intensify both conditions, and when advanced age is added to the combination, the @entity0 will face a distinctive array of issues. This study evaluated the prevalence of @entity2 in elderly substance users as well as certain related factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 160 consenting elderly substance users 60 years and over who had been on @entity3 maintenance. The subjects were selected from rehabilitation centers affiliated with the Welfare Organization in Tehran through convenience sampling, and were assessed for current or lifetime axis-I @entity2 using the @entity6 questionnaire. RESULTS: In this study, 28.1% of substance abusers were diagnosed with at least one current @entity2 . @entity2 were more common in subjects whose @entity5 had started prior to the age of 35, or those who had a family history of substance use. Also, 34.4% had a lifetime history of at least one @entity2 , with a higher incidence among those simultaneously dependent on other substances in addition to opioids. @entity4 was the most @entity1 among the study subjects. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of the present study, axis-I @entity2 are rather common among elderly substance users, and approximately a third of this population have a lifetime history of at least one such disorder. The type of abused substance can affect the incidence of @entity2 , and simultaneous use of non-opioids and other substances can increase their prevalence.

title: Psychiatric Comorbidities among Iranian Elderly @entity0 on XXXX Maintenance Treatment.

answer: @entity3