abstract: UNASSIGNED: This paper addresses consequences of exposure to violence and @entity2 . Traumata are defined as events with an extraordinary threat or catastrophic extent. Beside @entity3 ( @entity3 ), affected @entity0 may develop Complex @entity3 , @entity4 or @entity6 as direct consequences of exposure with extreme stress. Indirect @entity1 are amongst others Major Depression, Substance Dependency and @entity5 . These disorders develop often comorbid to @entity3 . The likelihood to develop a @entity3 at one point during the life course is 1-4   % in Germany. A @entity3 is diagnosed if for any length of time the traumatic situation is re-experienced (e.g. in pictures or nightmares), potential triggers are avoided, emotional reactivity is numb and a permanent hyperarousal is experienced. The intensity, the duration and the frequency of traumatic experiences as well as the lack of social support after the @entity2 are important risk factors for the development of a @entity3 . In the last two decades successful treatment approaches for @entity3 have been developed. The main focus of all evidence-based treatment approaches is the exposure in sensu of the traumatic experiences. Behavioral therapy approaches have shown to be most effective in the treatment of @entity3 . A better understanding of the consequences of exposure to violence and @entity2 may help us to identify @entity0 at risk for developing @entity1 already at an early stage.

title: [Consequences of XXXX and violence: impact on psychological well-being].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Incomplete microsurgical resection of @entity3 ( @entity2 ) occurs uncommonly. However, such @entity0 harboring postoperative residual nidi remain exposed to the risk of @entity1 and are therefore reasonable candidates for further intervention. The goals of this retrospective case-control study are to analyze the radiosurgery outcomes for partially resected AVMs and determine the effect of prior resection on @entity2 radiosurgery outcomes. METHODS: We evaluated a prospective database of @entity2 @entity0 treated with radiosurgery from 1989-2013. Previously resected AVMs with radiologic follow-up >= 2 years or nidus obliteration were selected for analysis and matched, in a 1:1 fashion and blinded to outcome, to previously unresected AVMs. Statistical analyses were performed to assess relationship between prior resection and @entity2 radiosurgery outcomes. RESULTS: The matching process yielded 88 @entity0 in each of the previously resected and unresected @entity2 cohorts. In the resected @entity2 cohort, the @entity2 rates at 3 and 5 years were 47% and 75%, respectively; the rates of radiologic and symptomatic radiation-induced changes (RICs) were 10% and 3%, respectively; and the annual postradiosurgery @entity1 risk was 1.1%. The lack of prior @entity2 resection (P < 0.001) and superficial @entity2 location (P  = 0.009) were independent predictors of radiologic RIC. The actuarial rates of obliteration (P  = 0.849) and postradiosurgery @entity1 (P  = 0.548) were not significantly different between the resected and unresected @entity2 cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Radiosurgery affords a reasonable risk-to-benefit profile for incompletely resected AVMs. For those with a small-volume residual nidus after resection, radiosurgery should be considered an effective alternative to repeat resection.

title: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Partially Resected XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: @entity0 with @entity3 have a higher risk of @entity1 , although a causal relationship between these conditions remains unclear. Arterial @entity4 is considered a marker of @entity5 and a risk factor for @entity1 . A systematic review of the literature on clinical studies using pulse wave velocity to assess @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 was carried out to answer the following questions: 1) Do @entity0 with @entity3 have impaired @entity2 compared to non periodontal diseased subjects? 2) Is periodontal treatment effective as a mean to improve @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 ? LITERATURE REVIEW: Literature search was done on different databases up to September 2014. All clinical studies (excluding case reports) using pulse wave velocity in @entity0 with @entity3 were retrieved for a full-text evaluation. A total of 10 studies were included. @entity0 with @entity3 have increased @entity2 compared to controls (pulse wave velocity mean difference 0.85 m/s; 95%CI: 0.53-1.16; p<0.00001). The only 2 interventional studies showed contradictory results on the effects of periodontal treatment on pulse wave velocity. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity3 appears to have higher values of pulse wave velocity compared to controls. The effect of periodontal treatment on @entity2 remains unclear. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX and @entity2 : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: @entity0 with @entity3 have a higher risk of @entity1 , although a causal relationship between these conditions remains unclear. Arterial @entity4 is considered a marker of @entity5 and a risk factor for @entity1 . A systematic review of the literature on clinical studies using pulse wave velocity to assess @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 was carried out to answer the following questions: 1) Do @entity0 with @entity3 have impaired @entity2 compared to non periodontal diseased subjects? 2) Is periodontal treatment effective as a mean to improve @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 ? LITERATURE REVIEW: Literature search was done on different databases up to September 2014. All clinical studies (excluding case reports) using pulse wave velocity in @entity0 with @entity3 were retrieved for a full-text evaluation. A total of 10 studies were included. @entity0 with @entity3 have increased @entity2 compared to controls (pulse wave velocity mean difference 0.85 m/s; 95%CI: 0.53-1.16; p<0.00001). The only 2 interventional studies showed contradictory results on the effects of periodontal treatment on pulse wave velocity. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity3 appears to have higher values of pulse wave velocity compared to controls. The effect of periodontal treatment on @entity2 remains unclear. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity3 and XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: All cyanobacterial membranes contain diesel-range C15-C19 @entity6 at concentrations similar to @entity0 . Recently, two universal but mutually exclusive @entity5 production pathways in cyanobacteria were discovered. We engineered a mutant of @entity1 that produces no @entity8 , which grew poorly at low temperatures. We analyzed this defect by assessing the redox kinetics of PSI. The mutant exhibited enhanced @entity2 ( @entity2 ), especially at low temperature. @entity2 raises the @entity3 : @entity4 ratio from photosynthesis and balances reductant requirements of biosynthesis with maintaining the redox poise of the electron transport chain. We conducted in silico flux balance analysis and showed that growth rate reaches a distinct maximum for an intermediate value of @entity2 equivalent to recycling 1 electron in 4 from PSI to the @entity7 pool. Based on this analysis, we conclude that the lack of membrane @entity8 causes higher @entity2 , perhaps for maintenance of redox poise. In turn, increased @entity2 reduces growth by forcing the cell to use less energy-efficient pathways, lowering the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis. This study highlights the unique and universal role of medium-chain @entity6 in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes: they regulate redox balance and reductant partitioning in these oxygenic photosynthetic cells under stress.

title: Cyanobacterial XXXX Modulate Photosynthetic Cyclic Electron Flow to Assist Growth under Cold Stress.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The ability of @entity1 to resist phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) is thought to be an important virulence factor for this microorganism. We have studied the effect of 3 major cell wall components of @entity1 , peptidoglycan, protein A, and @entity3 , on PMN function. Phagocytosis and @entity2 were both inhibited by prior incubation of PMN with peptidoglycan. This effect was dose- and time-related; incubation with as little as 2.5 micrograms/ml for 30 min produced a discernible suppressive effect. Suppression of PMN function was independent of the presence of human serum but was abolished by rabbit antiserum to peptidoglycan. Addition of peptidoglycan to PMN stimulated a prolonged chemiluminescence response that was greater when the peptidoglycan was first incubated in normal serum, perhaps reflection opsonization of this particulate material. Although protein A also suppressed phagocytic and chemotactic capabilities of PMN, this effect was observed only in the presence of serum and was eliminated by absorbing Ig. Centrifugation of the serum + protein A mixture showed that the suppressive effect was contained in the precipitated sediment. Complexes of Ig alone were not suppressive. @entity3 in concentrations less than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml had no adverse effect on PMN function. These studies describe ways in which peptidoglycan and protein A may interfere with phagocytosis and @entity2 of @entity0 PMN, thus giving evidence for the role of these cell wall components as virulence factors.

title: Suppression of phagocytosis and XXXX by cell wall components of @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The ability of @entity1 to resist phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) is thought to be an important virulence factor for this microorganism. We have studied the effect of 3 major cell wall components of @entity1 , peptidoglycan, protein A, and @entity3 , on PMN function. Phagocytosis and @entity2 were both inhibited by prior incubation of PMN with peptidoglycan. This effect was dose- and time-related; incubation with as little as 2.5 micrograms/ml for 30 min produced a discernible suppressive effect. Suppression of PMN function was independent of the presence of human serum but was abolished by rabbit antiserum to peptidoglycan. Addition of peptidoglycan to PMN stimulated a prolonged chemiluminescence response that was greater when the peptidoglycan was first incubated in normal serum, perhaps reflection opsonization of this particulate material. Although protein A also suppressed phagocytic and chemotactic capabilities of PMN, this effect was observed only in the presence of serum and was eliminated by absorbing Ig. Centrifugation of the serum + protein A mixture showed that the suppressive effect was contained in the precipitated sediment. Complexes of Ig alone were not suppressive. @entity3 in concentrations less than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml had no adverse effect on PMN function. These studies describe ways in which peptidoglycan and protein A may interfere with phagocytosis and @entity2 of @entity0 PMN, thus giving evidence for the role of these cell wall components as virulence factors.

title: Suppression of phagocytosis and @entity2 by cell wall components of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A cohort mortality study was carried out among workers of a plant producing hard metals using @entity2 as a binder. This study was aimed at assessing possible @entity0 risks in relation with @entity2 exposure. Seven hundred nine male workers with at least 1 year of employment were included in the cohort and followed for mortality from 1956 to 1989. Job histories were provided by the administration of the plant, whereas smoking habits were collected from medical records and by interview. The causes of @entity1 were ascertained from hospital and general practitioner records. The observed numbers of @entity1 (obs) were compared with the expected based on national rates with adjustment for age, sex, and calendar time (standardized mortality ratio; @entity3 ). The overall mortality did not differ from that expected (obs = 75, @entity3 = 1.05), whereas mortality due to @entity0 was in significant excess (obs = 10, @entity3 = 2.13). This excess was higher among workers employed in the areas with the highest exposure (obs = 6, @entity3 = 5.03). No trend was observed, however, with duration of employment or time since first employment. Smoking data were available for 81% of the workers and 69% of the deceased and showed that smoking alone does not account for these @entity0 excesses, yet, because of the small numbers involved, no firm conclusion should be drawn from this study.

title: XXXX mortality in a French cohort of hard-metal workers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: We studied events leading to the development of @entity2 by examining the significance of 15 factors on microbial contamination of injured eyes. METHODS: A prospective study was done of 30 @entity1 in @entity0 admitted to an urban medical center. Cultures were taken from the conjunctiva before and after preoperative disinfection and from the anterior chamber at the beginning and end of wound repair. Twenty-five of 30 @entity0 received a three-day regimen of intravenous antibiotics that were begun before surgery. RESULTS: Anterior chamber samples grew microorganisms in ten (33%) of 30 eyes, with positive cultures recovered from specimens taken at the beginning of wound repair in eight eyes and at the end of wound repair in six eyes. Contamination with indigenous flora may have occurred at the time of @entity3 and during repair in another eye. Microbes recovered included Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Aspergillus species. No @entity0 developed @entity2 . Of the 15 factors studied, only intravenous antibiotics significantly decreased the incidence of positive anterior chamber cultures in eyes treated before wound repair compared with eyes not receiving such therapy (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the frequency of anterior chamber microbial contamination during injury or repair of the wound, with our treatment protocol and the presence of physiologic mechanisms to reduce intraocular microbes, no eyes developed clinical @entity2 . With our limited sample size only intravenous antibiotic therapy was found significantly to reduce anterior chamber microorganisms at the time of surgical repair, supporting their prophylactic use against the development of @entity2 .

title: Microorganisms cultured from the anterior chamber of XXXX at the time of repair.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 treated for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) may suffer from @entity2 later in life because of the extended pelvic surgery performed, however, structured evaluations have not been performed yet. METHODS: The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and the Body Image Questionnaire (BIQ) were sent to @entity0 (>= 18years) treated for @entity1 in the Dutch pediatric surgical centers after 1970. RESULTS: Forty-five of 76 @entity0 returned the questionnaires; 28 @entity0 (median age 27.3years, range 18.3-41.0) and seven @entity0 (median age 22.0years, range 19.1-36.5) were eligible for analysis. The FSFI and IIEF results were compared to healthy controls. Female @entity0 scored significantly lower on the desire (p=0.014), arousal (p=0.013) and lubrication domain (p=0.019). FSFI total-scores of female @entity0 were significantly lower compared to controls [median 30.5 (IQR 28.6-31.4) vs. median 32.4 (IQR 30.6-33.45) p <=0.001] but were above the threshold value for @entity2 . Males reported normal erectile function and penetration ability with normal ejaculation. Females had significant lower BIQ results compared to males; BIQ-cosmesis scores were moderately correlated to the FSFI-desire score (r=-0.37, p=0.028). CONCLUSION: @entity1 resection in @entity0 may result in diminished sexual function at adult age with worse self-perceived body image. The possibility of sexual complaints should be integrated in the surveillance strategies for these @entity0 .

title: Sexual function after treatment for XXXX during childhood.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lung growth in @entity0 is associated with dramatic increases in the number and surface area of alveolated airways. Modelling studies have shown the slope of the alveolar plateau (phase III) is sensitive to the total cross-sectional area of these airways. Therefore, the influence of age and body size on the phase III slope of the volumetric capnogram was investigated. METHODS: Phase III slope (alveolar dcCO2/dv) and airway deadspace (VDaw) were derived from repeated single-breath @entity1 expirograms collected on 44 healthy mechanically ventilated @entity0 (aged 5 months-18 yr) undergoing minor surgery. Ventilatory support was standardized (VT = 8.5 and 12.5 ml/kg, f = 8-15 breaths/min, inspiratory time = 1 s, end-tidal partial pressure of @entity1 = 30-45 mmHg), and measurements were recorded by computerized integration of output from a heated pneumotachometer and mainstream infrared @entity1 analyzer inserted between the endotracheal tube and anesthesia circuit. Experimental data were compared to simulated breath data generated from a numeric pediatric lung model. RESULTS: An increased VDaw, a smaller VDaw/VT, and flatter phase III slope were found at the larger tidal volume (P < 0.01). Strong relationships were seen at VT = 12.5 ml/kg between airway deadspace and age (R2 = 0.77), weight (R2 = 0.93), height (R2 = 0.78), and body surface area (R2 = 0.89). The normalized phase III slopes of @entity0 were markedly steeper than that of adolescents and were reduced at both tidal volumes with increasing age, weight, height, and body surface area. Phase III slopes and VDaw generated from modelled @entity1 washout simulations closely matched the experimental data collected in @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Morphometric increases in the alveolated airway cross-section with lung growth is associated with a decrease of the phase III slope. During adolescence, normalized phase III slopes approximate those of healthy adults. The change in slope with lung growth may reflect a decrease in diffusional resistance for @entity1 transport within the alveolated airway resulting in diminished acinar @entity1 gradients.

title: Volumetric capnography in XXXX . Influence of growth on the alveolar plateau slope.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: In fecal samples from @entity0 with chronic @entity3 , the microbiota differs from that of healthy subjects. However, the profiles of fecal microbiota only partially replicate those of the mucosal microbiota. It is not clear whether these differences are caused by variations in diet or colonic transit, or are associated with @entity1 production (measured by breath tests). We compared the colonic mucosal and fecal microbiota in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 and in healthy subjects to investigate the relationships between microbiota and other parameters. METHODS: Sigmoid colonic mucosal and fecal microbiota samples were collected from 25 healthy @entity0 (controls) and 25 @entity0 with chronic @entity3 and evaluated by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing (average, 49,186 reads/sample). We assessed associations between microbiota (overall composition and operational taxonomic units) and demographic variables, diet, @entity3 status, colonic transit, and @entity1 production (measured in breath samples after oral @entity4 intake). RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 with chronic @entity3 had slow colonic transit. The profile of the @entity2 differed between constipated @entity0 and controls (P < .05). The overall composition of the @entity2 was associated with @entity3 , independent of colonic transit (P < .05), and discriminated between @entity0 with @entity3 and controls with 94% accuracy. Genera from Bacteroidetes were more abundant in the @entity2 of @entity0 with @entity3 . The profile of the fecal microbiota was associated with colonic transit before adjusting for @entity3 , age, body mass index, and diet; genera from Firmicutes (Faecalibacterium, Lactococcus, and Roseburia) correlated with faster colonic transit. @entity1 production was associated with the composition of the fecal microbiota, but not with @entity3 or colonic transit. CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for diet and colonic transit, the profile of the microbiota in the colonic mucosa could discriminate @entity0 with @entity3 from healthy individuals. The profile of the fecal microbiota was associated with colonic transit and @entity1 production (measured in breath), but not @entity3 .

title: Relationship Between Microbiota of the Colonic Mucosa vs Feces and Symptoms, Colonic Transit, and XXXX Production in Female @entity0 With Chronic Constipation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: In fecal samples from @entity0 with chronic @entity3 , the microbiota differs from that of healthy subjects. However, the profiles of fecal microbiota only partially replicate those of the mucosal microbiota. It is not clear whether these differences are caused by variations in diet or colonic transit, or are associated with @entity1 production (measured by breath tests). We compared the colonic mucosal and fecal microbiota in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 and in healthy subjects to investigate the relationships between microbiota and other parameters. METHODS: Sigmoid colonic mucosal and fecal microbiota samples were collected from 25 healthy @entity0 (controls) and 25 @entity0 with chronic @entity3 and evaluated by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing (average, 49,186 reads/sample). We assessed associations between microbiota (overall composition and operational taxonomic units) and demographic variables, diet, @entity3 status, colonic transit, and @entity1 production (measured in breath samples after oral @entity4 intake). RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 with chronic @entity3 had slow colonic transit. The profile of the @entity2 differed between constipated @entity0 and controls (P < .05). The overall composition of the @entity2 was associated with @entity3 , independent of colonic transit (P < .05), and discriminated between @entity0 with @entity3 and controls with 94% accuracy. Genera from Bacteroidetes were more abundant in the @entity2 of @entity0 with @entity3 . The profile of the fecal microbiota was associated with colonic transit before adjusting for @entity3 , age, body mass index, and diet; genera from Firmicutes (Faecalibacterium, Lactococcus, and Roseburia) correlated with faster colonic transit. @entity1 production was associated with the composition of the fecal microbiota, but not with @entity3 or colonic transit. CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for diet and colonic transit, the profile of the microbiota in the colonic mucosa could discriminate @entity0 with @entity3 from healthy individuals. The profile of the fecal microbiota was associated with colonic transit and @entity1 production (measured in breath), but not @entity3 .

title: Relationship Between Microbiota of the Colonic Mucosa vs Feces and Symptoms, Colonic Transit, and @entity1 Production in Female XXXX With Chronic Constipation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The eukaryotic microsomal cytochrome P450 systems consist of a cytochrome P450 enzyme (P450) and a cytochrome P450 redox partner, which generally is a cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) that supplies electrons from @entity1 . However, alternative electron donors may exist such as cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 (CBR and @entity7 , respectively) via, which is @entity2 -dependent and are also anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum. In the carotenogenic @entity0 Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous, three P450-encoding genes have been described: crtS is involved in carotenogenesis and the @entity6 and @entity8 genes are both implicated in @entity4 biosynthesis. This @entity0 has a single CPR (encoded by the crtR gene), and a crtR- mutant does not produce @entity5 . Considering that this mutant is viable, the existence of alternative cytochrome P450 electron donors like CBR and @entity7 could operate in this @entity0 . The aim of this work was to characterize the X. dendrorhous CBR encoding gene and to study its involvement in P450 reactions in @entity4 and carotenoid biosynthesis. Two CBRs genes were identified ( @entity9 and CBR.2), and deletion mutants were constructed. The two mutants and the wild-type strain showed similar @entity3 production, with @entity4 being the main @entity3 produced. The crtR- mutant strain produced a lower proportion of @entity4 than did the parental strain. These results indicate that even though one of the two CBR genes could be involved in @entity4 biosynthesis, crtR complements their absence in the cbr- mutant strains, at least for @entity4 production. The higher @entity2 -dependent cytochrome c reductase activity together with the higher transcript levels of @entity9 and @entity7 in the crtR- mutant as well as the lower @entity2 -dependent activity in CBS- @entity9 - strongly suggest that @entity9 - @entity7 via participates as an alternative electron donor pathway for P450 enzymes involved in @entity4 biosynthesis in X. dendrorhous.

title: Molecular Characterization and Functional Analysis of Cytochrome b5 Reductase (CBR) Encoding Genes from the Carotenogenic XXXX Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.

answer: @entity0


abstract: One hundred and twenty-two @entity0 with @entity2 received postoperative irradiation at the Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, from 1958 to 1978, inclusive. The surgical procedure in these @entity0 was total resection (44 @entity0 ), subtotal resection (66 @entity0 ), or biopsy alone (12 @entity0 ). Twenty-five @entity0 received adjuvant chemotherapy. Overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 56% and 43%, respectively. Improved survival rates were associated with an increased degree of resection and with posterior fossa radiation doses of 5200 rads or more. The posterior fossa was the common site of first relapse (in 56 @entity0 , 46%). Systemic @entity1 at first relapse occurred in 18 of 52 @entity0 (35%), and were associated with the use of ventriculosystemic shunts. Millipore filters did not prevent systemic relapse in shunted @entity0 . A subset of 15 @entity0 who received a posterior fossa dose of 5200 rads or more after a total resection had a 5-year survival rate of 77%, which remained constant to 10 years. This result is considered to be the upper limit that can be achieved by current treatment methods.

title: Radiation treatment for XXXX . A 21-year review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Non-enzymic glycation of collagen involves a series of complex reactions ultimately leading to the formation of intermolecular cross-links resulting in changes in its physical properties. During analysis for the fluorescent cross-link @entity5 we identified the presence of an additional component (Cmpd K) in both @entity2 and @entity3 incubations. Cmpd K was formed more quickly than @entity5 in @entity2 incubations and more slowly than @entity5 in @entity3 incubations. Cmpd K represented 45% of the total fluorescence compared with 15% for @entity5 in @entity2 incubations and 25% of the total fluorescence compared with 30% for @entity5 in the @entity3 incubations. Cmpd K is not an artefact of in vitro incubations, as it was shown to be present in dermal tissue from @entity1 @entity0 . Subsequent high-resolution h.p.l.c. analysis of @entity2 -incubated collagen revealed Cmpd K comprise two components ( @entity4 ). Further, a similar analysis of Cmpd K from the @entity3 incubations revealed two different components (K3 and K4). These differences indicate alternative mechanisms for the reactions of @entity2 and @entity3 with collagen. The amounts of these fluorescent components and the @entity5 cross-link determined for both @entity2 and @entity3 glycation were found to be far too low (about one @entity5 molecules per 200 collagen molecules after 6 months incubation with @entity2 ) to account for the extensive cross-linking responsible for the changes in physical properties, suggesting that a further additional series of cross-links are formed. We have analysed the non-fluorescent high-molecular-mass components and identified a new component that increases with time of in vitro incubation and is present in the skin of @entity1 @entity0 . This component is present in sufficient quantities (estimated at one cross-link per two collagen molecules) to account for the changes in physical properties occurring in vitro.

title: Non-enzymic glycation of fibrous collagen: reaction products of @entity2 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Non-enzymic glycation of collagen involves a series of complex reactions ultimately leading to the formation of intermolecular cross-links resulting in changes in its physical properties. During analysis for the fluorescent cross-link @entity5 we identified the presence of an additional component (Cmpd K) in both @entity2 and @entity3 incubations. Cmpd K was formed more quickly than @entity5 in @entity2 incubations and more slowly than @entity5 in @entity3 incubations. Cmpd K represented 45% of the total fluorescence compared with 15% for @entity5 in @entity2 incubations and 25% of the total fluorescence compared with 30% for @entity5 in the @entity3 incubations. Cmpd K is not an artefact of in vitro incubations, as it was shown to be present in dermal tissue from @entity1 @entity0 . Subsequent high-resolution h.p.l.c. analysis of @entity2 -incubated collagen revealed Cmpd K comprise two components ( @entity4 ). Further, a similar analysis of Cmpd K from the @entity3 incubations revealed two different components (K3 and K4). These differences indicate alternative mechanisms for the reactions of @entity2 and @entity3 with collagen. The amounts of these fluorescent components and the @entity5 cross-link determined for both @entity2 and @entity3 glycation were found to be far too low (about one @entity5 molecules per 200 collagen molecules after 6 months incubation with @entity2 ) to account for the extensive cross-linking responsible for the changes in physical properties, suggesting that a further additional series of cross-links are formed. We have analysed the non-fluorescent high-molecular-mass components and identified a new component that increases with time of in vitro incubation and is present in the skin of @entity1 @entity0 . This component is present in sufficient quantities (estimated at one cross-link per two collagen molecules) to account for the changes in physical properties occurring in vitro.

title: Non-enzymic glycation of fibrous collagen: reaction products of XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In order to prevent and control the chemotherapy-induced @entity1 (CINV), the military hospital Percy (Clamart, France) developed a systematic "CINV consultation". With 1.500 consultations conducted in 2013, the aim of this study was to confront professional practices and the @entity0 's point of view to assess the efficiency of this procedure and consider a restructuring to optimize it. A preliminary study was conducted: 30 medical records of @entity0 who had chemotherapy cure during 2013 have been analysed and 30 @entity0 have completed an evaluation questionnaire anonymously. @entity0 were very satisfied (63%) or satisfied (37%) of these consultations. Most of them (71%) said the consultations were useful before every cure, while 27% thought that the consultation at first cure or when the chemotherapy protocol changed was enough. CINV consultations were estimated as complementary of the medical consultation for 93% of the @entity0 . Most of the @entity0 (70%) never had CINV or just at the first cure. Furthermore, the anti-emetic treatment was adapted to the new chemotherapy emetic level in only 53% of protocol changes. @entity0 have expressed a real interest in these CINV consultations and the benefits they could get from them. Moreover, @entity0 ' side effects are stabilized faster thanks to those pharmaceutical interviews. In fact, it seems that these consultations are mostly needed for the first cure (until @entity0 stabilization) and when there is a chemotherapy protocol change.

title: [Individualized pharmaceutical consultations in the management of chemotherapy-induced XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Current studies on the biologically relevant characteristics of inhalable fibres are described, including the papers presented in this session. The various cell systems used in in vitro tests, i.e., diploid and permanent proliferating and nonproliferating cells, are listed, as are the different endpoints of these tests. It is shown that use of in vitro tests complements the use of animal experimentation. Opinions on the nature of the acute toxic effects of @entity2 fibres on macrophages differ; however, the dependence of @entity1 on fibre length has been demonstrated in this system. These data show that the effects of mineral fibres in vitro give an indication of their potential fibrogenicity in vivo. Other cell culture systems, reported in papers in this session, include hamster lung fibroblasts, @entity0 pleural mesothelial cells and mesothelioma cells. Experiments in which fibre geometry is altered, e.g., by acid treatment, indicate that it is an important factor in @entity1 ; the haemolytic effect of fibres, however, appears to depend on their chemical composition. Thus, a combined physical-chemical effect would appear to be involved. In vitro testing has also made possible investigation of immunological and chromosomal changes due to @entity3 . The practical use of findings made in vitro is also summarized.

title: Experimental pathology -- in vitro studies -- related to XXXX and other mineral fibres.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 is a potent aromatase inhibitor with proven clinical effectiveness. However, its optimal dose and its effects on serum @entity4 levels/electrolyte balance have been disputed. To resolve these issues, a double-blind randomised endocrine study of three doses of @entity6 [0.5 mg twice daily (bd); 1.0 mg bd; 2.0 mg bd] was conducted in 80 (68 evaluable) postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity0 over a period of 3 months. There were substantial falls in the serum levels of @entity2 , @entity10 and @entity11 . For @entity10 only, there was a significant effect of dose (on-treatment means: 0.5 mg, 38.0 pmol/l; 1.0 mg, 25.0 pmol/l; 2.0 mg, 23.9 pmol/l). All @entity8 showed a similar pattern in relation to time, with the 3-month mean being higher than those at 1 and 2 months, and this was significant for @entity2 (P = 0.012). There was an indication that complete suppression of @entity2 and @entity10 was not maintained throughout the 12-h dosing period, but the data and its interpretation are complicated by a minor diurnal rhythm in these parameters. There were significant increases in @entity9 and @entity7 which may be due to a block of 11 beta-hydroxylase. There was a statistically non-significant fall in @entity4 levels (P = 0.06) during treatment (median pretreatment, 446 pmol/l; median decrease, 125 pmol/l). However, the concurrent significant fall in the plasma @entity5 : @entity3 ratio indicated that changes in @entity4 secretion did occur. None of these effects on adrenal pathways was of a degree which is likely to have clinically relevant consequences. It is concluded that @entity6 achieves near maximal suppression of @entity8 at 1 mg bd, and that its effects on @entity4 synthesis are unlikely to be of clinical significance.

title: Endocrine changes with the aromatase inhibitor @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity6 is a potent aromatase inhibitor with proven clinical effectiveness. However, its optimal dose and its effects on serum @entity4 levels/electrolyte balance have been disputed. To resolve these issues, a double-blind randomised endocrine study of three doses of @entity6 [0.5 mg twice daily (bd); 1.0 mg bd; 2.0 mg bd] was conducted in 80 (68 evaluable) postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity0 over a period of 3 months. There were substantial falls in the serum levels of @entity2 , @entity10 and @entity11 . For @entity10 only, there was a significant effect of dose (on-treatment means: 0.5 mg, 38.0 pmol/l; 1.0 mg, 25.0 pmol/l; 2.0 mg, 23.9 pmol/l). All @entity8 showed a similar pattern in relation to time, with the 3-month mean being higher than those at 1 and 2 months, and this was significant for @entity2 (P = 0.012). There was an indication that complete suppression of @entity2 and @entity10 was not maintained throughout the 12-h dosing period, but the data and its interpretation are complicated by a minor diurnal rhythm in these parameters. There were significant increases in @entity9 and @entity7 which may be due to a block of 11 beta-hydroxylase. There was a statistically non-significant fall in @entity4 levels (P = 0.06) during treatment (median pretreatment, 446 pmol/l; median decrease, 125 pmol/l). However, the concurrent significant fall in the plasma @entity5 : @entity3 ratio indicated that changes in @entity4 secretion did occur. None of these effects on adrenal pathways was of a degree which is likely to have clinically relevant consequences. It is concluded that @entity6 achieves near maximal suppression of @entity8 at 1 mg bd, and that its effects on @entity4 synthesis are unlikely to be of clinical significance.

title: Endocrine changes with the aromatase inhibitor XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: 1. It is well known that an individual subject often responds preferentially to a particular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and clinical response to these drugs is characterised by considerable variability between individuals. Variability in response has often been attributed to the episodic nature of @entity2 . Few studies have studied intrasubject variability in response to these drugs using a multiple crossover design. A major difficulty has been the lack of objective, validated measures of @entity1 sensitive to NSAIDs. The primary aim of the present study was to test the utility of urate-crystal induced @entity1 as a tool to predict NSAID response in @entity0 . 2. An inflammatory reaction was established in twenty-five healthy subjects with intradermal injection of urate crystals on four separate occasions separated by 1 week. Each subject was randomly assigned to receive either @entity3 on two of these occasions (800 mg four times over 36 h) or matched placebo on the other two occasions using a double-blind, cross-over design. Decrease in the area under the wheal size-time curve was used to indicate anti-inflammatory response. 3. Peak inflammatory response was observed at about 32 h and had dissipated by 56 h post-urate injection. The logarithmic mean wheal area was significantly lower after @entity3 (mean +/- s.e. mean; 6.74 +/- 0.09) compared with placebo (6.96 +/- 0.07 mm h); a difference of 20% (95% confidence interval for difference: 1 to 35%; P < 0.05). 4. There was marked intra- and intersubject variability in response to @entity3 over the four treatment periods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Clinical response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urate-crystal induced XXXX : a simultaneous study of intersubject and intrasubject variability.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Idiotype-specific T cells were characterized in @entity0 with @entity6 stage I by analysing idiotype-induced DNA synthesis ( @entity4 incorporation), @entity5 and @entity2 production at the single cell level (ELISPOT) (in vitro tests) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) skin reaction (in vivo test). In seven out of eight @entity0 at least one of the four tests was positive. In five @entity0 three or more tests were positive. One @entity0 was negative in all four tests. Six @entity0 had both @entity5 and @entity2 -secreting cells and three of them also a @entity1 response. Furthermore, those three @entity0 with a proliferative response also had @entity5 and @entity2 -secreting cells induced by the idiotype. The data indicate that part of the idiotype-specific T cell fraction belongs to the CD4 Th1 cell population. Whether @entity3 -specific T cells also were present could not be ruled out. The present study provides further support for the existence of idiotype-specific T cells in @entity6 . Such cells might be an important target for an immune-mediated therapeutic approach.

title: Idiotype-specific T cells in XXXX stage I: an evaluation by four different functional tests.

answer: @entity6


abstract: We investigated the ability of @entity6 , an obligate anaerobe from @entity0 colonic microflora, to grow in a @entity4 -limited continuous culture at generation times ranging from 3.5 to 28 h per division. Four @entity5 were tested: @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity12 , and @entity9 . At a generation time of 3.5 h per division, the growth yields for bacteria growing on @entity1 , @entity7 , and @entity12 were 76, 68, and 50 g of cells (dry weight) per mol of substrate, respectively. Growth yields at 28 h per division were 61, 52, and 37 g/mol of substrate, respectively. When @entity9 was the @entity4 source, a stable population of bacteria was attainable only at generation times longer than 12 h per division. Growth yields at 15 and 32 h per division were 11 and 33 g/mol of substrate, respectively. There was no significant variation with increasing generation times in the specific activities of selected glycolytic enzymes, of disaccharidases such as alpha- and beta-glucosidases and alpha- and beta-galactosidases, or of the polysaccharidase chondroitin sulfate lyase. By contrast, the pattern of fermentation products varied with both the generation time and the @entity2 source. At a generation time of 3.5 h per division, the main products from the fermentation of @entity1 were @entity3 and @entity8 , with a trace of @entity10 . At 28 h per division, @entity10 concentrations were higher and @entity8 concentrations were lower than at 3.5 h per division. The products from the fermentation of @entity9 were the same as those from @entity1 fermentation. However, when @entity7 was fermented, the concentration of @entity3 was much higher at all generation times than when @entity1 was the @entity2 source. When @entity12 was the @entity2 source, @entity3 was the main fermentation product, and only traces of @entity10 and @entity8 were detected. Another characteristic that varied with the growth rate was the ability of @entity6 to produce the inducible enzyme alpha-glucosidase when exposed to @entity11 . The ability of the organism to produce this enzyme declined with increasing generation times.

title: Effect of long generation times on growth of XXXX in @entity4 -induced continuous culture.

answer: @entity6


abstract: We investigated the ability of @entity6 , an obligate anaerobe from @entity0 colonic microflora, to grow in a @entity4 -limited continuous culture at generation times ranging from 3.5 to 28 h per division. Four @entity5 were tested: @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity12 , and @entity9 . At a generation time of 3.5 h per division, the growth yields for bacteria growing on @entity1 , @entity7 , and @entity12 were 76, 68, and 50 g of cells (dry weight) per mol of substrate, respectively. Growth yields at 28 h per division were 61, 52, and 37 g/mol of substrate, respectively. When @entity9 was the @entity4 source, a stable population of bacteria was attainable only at generation times longer than 12 h per division. Growth yields at 15 and 32 h per division were 11 and 33 g/mol of substrate, respectively. There was no significant variation with increasing generation times in the specific activities of selected glycolytic enzymes, of disaccharidases such as alpha- and beta-glucosidases and alpha- and beta-galactosidases, or of the polysaccharidase chondroitin sulfate lyase. By contrast, the pattern of fermentation products varied with both the generation time and the @entity2 source. At a generation time of 3.5 h per division, the main products from the fermentation of @entity1 were @entity3 and @entity8 , with a trace of @entity10 . At 28 h per division, @entity10 concentrations were higher and @entity8 concentrations were lower than at 3.5 h per division. The products from the fermentation of @entity9 were the same as those from @entity1 fermentation. However, when @entity7 was fermented, the concentration of @entity3 was much higher at all generation times than when @entity1 was the @entity2 source. When @entity12 was the @entity2 source, @entity3 was the main fermentation product, and only traces of @entity10 and @entity8 were detected. Another characteristic that varied with the growth rate was the ability of @entity6 to produce the inducible enzyme alpha-glucosidase when exposed to @entity11 . The ability of the organism to produce this enzyme declined with increasing generation times.

title: Effect of long generation times on growth of @entity6 in XXXX -induced continuous culture.

answer: @entity4


abstract: When @entity2 erythrocytes labeled with a @entity4 derivative spin label was treated with concanavalin A (Con A), ESR spectra showed a change in the peaks due to the labels in membrane lipids, indicating an increase of membrane lipid fluidity. Addition of Con A increased the fluidity rapidly. This change was reversible only up to 30 min after adding Con A, and thereafter it gradually became irreversible. However, if the erythrocytes were treated with @entity3 and @entity5 , a complete return of fluidity to the normal level could be observed at any stage after the binding of Con A. The observation of freeze-fracture replicas of erythrocyte membranes by transmission electron microscopy also showed that the redistribution of intramembranous particles gradually became irreversible after exposure to Con A. These results suggest that the microfilament-like system, which modulates the distribution of cell surface receptors for Con A, participates in the modulation of membrane fluidity. Phospholipid methylation of @entity2 erythrocyte membrane was stimulated immediately after the binding of Con A. A methyltransferase inhibitor, @entity6 , abolished the increase of membrane fluidity within the first 10 min and also that occurring later than 60 min after adding Con A, but it was without effect on the @entity1 found between 20 and 60 min. Removal of extracellular @entity0 had an inhibitory effect on the lasting increase of fluidity. These results suggest that the first increase of membrane fluidity by Con A may be caused by phospholipid methylation, while the second increase may depend on the rearrangement of Con A receptor glycoproteins through cross-linking wit Con A. The irreversible part of the membrane fluidity increase probably depends on @entity0 influx, phospholipid methylation, and peripheral membrane proteins which constitute the microfilament-like system at the membrane inner surface.

title: Mechanism of the concanavalin A-induced change of membrane fluidity of XXXX erythrocytes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The nuclei of isolated @entity0 hepatocytes were separable into three receptor compartments based upon their differential salt extractabilities: nucleoplasmic receptors (NP) extractable with 0.15 M @entity2 , high-salt extractable receptors (HSE) extractable with 0.4 M @entity2 , and salt-resistant receptors (SR) extractable with 0.4 M @entity2 /5 mM @entity1 . The receptor distribution among the three compartments was approximately NP, 45%; HSE, 30%; SR, 25%. The mean percent occupancy with endogenous T3 of the SR receptors (86%) was higher than the occupancies of the NP receptors (68%) and the HSE receptors (63%). When hepatocytes were pulsed with 3 nM [125I]T3 at 37 degrees C for brief intervals, receptor-[125I]T3 complexes were detectable in all three nuclear compartments within 15 sec. With increasing pulse intervals up to 120 sec, the receptor content of each nuclear compartment increased progressively and without evidence of preferential accumulation in any of the three compartments. To determine the life span and intercompartmental "migration" pattern of nuclear receptors, hepatocytes were pulsed with 3 nM [125I]T3 at 37 degrees C for 2.5 min or 5 min, followed by a chase with a 500-fold excess of nonlabeled T3. The population of receptor-[125I]T3 complexes generated during the pulse was serially recovered at increasing intervals after the chase. The complexes of each compartment dissociated with a half-life of approximately 3 min and manifested no predilection to accumulate in any of the compartments. Exposure of isolated hepatocytes to 3 nM T3 for 5 min or 10 min at 37 degrees C induced no change in the gross intercompartmental distribution of receptors compared to control hepatocytes incubated without T3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The appearance, distribution, and longevity of receptor-[125I]T3 complexes within the nuclei of isolated XXXX hepatocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the contribution that perinatal and @entity0 necropsy makes to clinical practice and to see how this might be influenced by the quality of the investigation. DESIGN: Cohort analysis, with data from the all Wales perinatal survey, of perinatal and @entity0 deaths during 1993 of babies born to mothers usually resident in Wales. The clinicopathological classification of @entity1 based on clinical details was compared with the classification after necropsy. Similarly, cases in which necropsy yielded new information were identified. The quality of the necropsy was assessed by scoring six aspects of the examination. SUBJECTS: 400 consecutive deaths at 20 weeks of gestation to 1 year of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Necropsy rate, effect of necropsy on clinicopathological classification, new information disclosed by necropsy, quality of necropsies, and the link between new information and quality of the necropsy. RESULTS: Necropsy was performed in 232 cases (58%). The clinicopathological classification was altered by necropsy in 29 cases (13%). New information was obtained in 60 cases (26%), and in 42 (18%) it disclosed the cause of @entity1 . The quality of necropsy was substantially higher when the main cause of @entity1 was detected than when nothing new was found. CONCLUSION: Necropsy is underused. Clinicians should be more positive about necropsies and realise how much clinically relevant information can be obtained from a good quality examination.

title: Value and quality of perinatal and XXXX postmortem examinations: cohort analysis of 400 consecutive deaths.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The relationship between the intestinal histopathology and number and position of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) was observed chronologically in the small intestine of @entity0 experimentally infected with Metagonimus yokogawai. Fifteen @entity0 were orally infected each with 3,000 metacecariae, and 3 were kept uninfected for controls. Three @entity0 each were sacrificed on the day 5, 10, 15, 24 and 70 post- @entity2 (PI) and samples of the small intestine, 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 70 cm posterior to the pylorus were taken. The samples were processed routinely and stained with Giemsa. The intestinal histopathology was severe during the day 5-15 PI and characterized by @entity1 , crypt @entity3 , and decrease of villus/crypt height ratio. After the day 24 PI, the intestinal lesions showed some tendency of recovery. The number of IEL increased at the early stage of @entity2 , but decreased thereafter to a lower level than that of controls, with progression of the pathological changes. Then, the IEL number began to increase again after the day 24 PI. In control @entity0 , the great majority of the IEL were located at the basal region of the epithelium. During the early stage of @entity2 , however, a considerable proportion of IEL was found to have moved to the intermediate or apical region of the epithelium. From the above results, it is suggested that the change of IEL number and position during the course of M. yokogawai @entity2 should be closely related to the progression and recovery of the intestinal histopathology.

title: [Chronological observation on intestinal histopathology and intraepithelial lymphocytes in the intestine of XXXX infected with Metagonimus yokogawai].

answer: @entity0


abstract: While the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway coupled to receptor @entity0 kinases has been largely clarified, little is known about MAPK activation mediated by heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors. In a previous study, it has been shown that @entity1 ( @entity1 ) signaling through heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors stimulates MAPK activity in primary cultures of astrocytes (Cazaubon, S., Parker, P. J., Strosberg, A.D., and Couraud, P.O. (1993) Biochem. J. 293, 381-386). To clarify the molecular mechanism responsible for this response, involvement of the adapter proteins, @entity2 and @entity3 , has now been investigated. It is shown here that in these cells, @entity1 stimulates @entity0 phosphorylation of @entity2 , resulting in its stable association with @entity3 but not with @entity3 , a @entity3 isoform with partially deleted SH2 domain. These results demonstrate that @entity0 -phosphorylated @entity2 specifically interacts with the SH2 domain of @entity3 . This response was rapid and transient, showing a maximum at 10 min and declining at 60 min. Interestingly, direct activation of G proteins by fluoroaluminate mimics the @entity1 effect. In addition, a shift to a higher apparent molecular mass of @entity4 kinase, likely reflecting its hyperphosphorylation, was also detected in @entity1 -treated cells. These data strongly suggest that @entity1 -induced MAPK activation is a G protein-coupled pathway that involves @entity2 , @entity3 , and probably @entity4 . In conclusion, the @entity2 - @entity3 complex may be involved in the activation of the MAPK pathway, not only by several receptor @entity0 kinases but also by heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors, such as @entity1 receptors.

title: Endothelin induces XXXX phosphorylation and @entity3 association of @entity2 in astrocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: While the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway coupled to receptor @entity0 kinases has been largely clarified, little is known about MAPK activation mediated by heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors. In a previous study, it has been shown that @entity1 ( @entity1 ) signaling through heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors stimulates MAPK activity in primary cultures of astrocytes (Cazaubon, S., Parker, P. J., Strosberg, A.D., and Couraud, P.O. (1993) Biochem. J. 293, 381-386). To clarify the molecular mechanism responsible for this response, involvement of the adapter proteins, @entity2 and @entity3 , has now been investigated. It is shown here that in these cells, @entity1 stimulates @entity0 phosphorylation of @entity2 , resulting in its stable association with @entity3 but not with @entity3 , a @entity3 isoform with partially deleted SH2 domain. These results demonstrate that @entity0 -phosphorylated @entity2 specifically interacts with the SH2 domain of @entity3 . This response was rapid and transient, showing a maximum at 10 min and declining at 60 min. Interestingly, direct activation of G proteins by fluoroaluminate mimics the @entity1 effect. In addition, a shift to a higher apparent molecular mass of @entity4 kinase, likely reflecting its hyperphosphorylation, was also detected in @entity1 -treated cells. These data strongly suggest that @entity1 -induced MAPK activation is a G protein-coupled pathway that involves @entity2 , @entity3 , and probably @entity4 . In conclusion, the @entity2 - @entity3 complex may be involved in the activation of the MAPK pathway, not only by several receptor @entity0 kinases but also by heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors, such as @entity1 receptors.

title: Endothelin induces @entity0 phosphorylation and @entity3 association of XXXX in astrocytes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: While the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway coupled to receptor @entity0 kinases has been largely clarified, little is known about MAPK activation mediated by heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors. In a previous study, it has been shown that @entity1 ( @entity1 ) signaling through heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors stimulates MAPK activity in primary cultures of astrocytes (Cazaubon, S., Parker, P. J., Strosberg, A.D., and Couraud, P.O. (1993) Biochem. J. 293, 381-386). To clarify the molecular mechanism responsible for this response, involvement of the adapter proteins, @entity2 and @entity3 , has now been investigated. It is shown here that in these cells, @entity1 stimulates @entity0 phosphorylation of @entity2 , resulting in its stable association with @entity3 but not with @entity3 , a @entity3 isoform with partially deleted SH2 domain. These results demonstrate that @entity0 -phosphorylated @entity2 specifically interacts with the SH2 domain of @entity3 . This response was rapid and transient, showing a maximum at 10 min and declining at 60 min. Interestingly, direct activation of G proteins by fluoroaluminate mimics the @entity1 effect. In addition, a shift to a higher apparent molecular mass of @entity4 kinase, likely reflecting its hyperphosphorylation, was also detected in @entity1 -treated cells. These data strongly suggest that @entity1 -induced MAPK activation is a G protein-coupled pathway that involves @entity2 , @entity3 , and probably @entity4 . In conclusion, the @entity2 - @entity3 complex may be involved in the activation of the MAPK pathway, not only by several receptor @entity0 kinases but also by heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors, such as @entity1 receptors.

title: Endothelin induces @entity0 phosphorylation and XXXX association of @entity2 in astrocytes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The optimal time to initiate adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery in @entity0 with @entity4 is not clear. We investigated the benefit of combined intraportal chemotherapy administered during radical surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy for treating @entity2 . METHODS: @entity0 were randomly assigned to OCTREE arm (intraportal chemotherapy plus mFOLFOX6) or a standard adjuvant chemotherapy arm (mFOLFOX6). The primary study endpoint was disease-free survival. The secondary endpoints included @entity1 -free survival, overall survival, and safety. RESULTS: The intent-to-treat population comprised 237 @entity0 . With a median follow-up of 44 months, the hazard ratio (OCTREE vs mFOLFOX6) was 0.66 (95% confidence interval, 0.43-0.90), a 34% risk reduction in favor of OCTREE (P=0.016). The 3-year disease-free survival rate was 85.2% for OCTREE and 75.6% for mFOLFOX6 alone (P=0.030). The 3-year @entity1 -free survival rates were 87.6% for OCTREE and 78.0% for mFOLFOX6 (P=0.035). @entity0 had lower distant metastatic rate in the OCTREE arm (12.7% vs 22.7%; P=0.044), when compared with the mFOLFOX6 arm. The 3-year overall survival was no significant difference between 2 arms (P=0.178). @entity5 occurred in 12.7% of the @entity0 receiving OCTREE and in 2.5% of the @entity0 receiving mFOLFOX6 (P=0.003) within 2 weeks of surgery, and grade 3 or 4 @entity3 event was no difference between 2 regimens. CONCLUSIONS: Combination of intraoperative intraportal chemotherapy with mFOLFOX6 reduced the occurrence of distant metastases and improved disease-free survival in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Randomized Controlled Trial of Intraportal Chemotherapy Combined With Adjuvant Chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6) for Stage II and III XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. The effects of @entity9 ( @entity5 ) on @entity8 secretion from primary cultures of @entity6 -rich (noradrenergic) and @entity7 -rich (adrenergic) @entity1 chromaffin cells were studied. @entity5 stimulated @entity8 secretion from both cell types but was a much more effective secretory stimulus for noradrenergic cells. 2. @entity5 -induced @entity8 secretion was dependent on extracellular @entity0 , was partially inhibited by @entity2 and by @entity4 , and was potentiated by @entity11 . Other K+ channel blocking agents including @entity3 , @entity10 , and @entity13 did not stimulate @entity8 secretion. 3. @entity5 had no effect on @entity0 -induced secretion from @entity12 -permeabilized chromaffin cells. 4. @entity5 presumably evokes secretion by inhibiting K+ channels, depolarizing chromaffin cells, and activating voltage-gated @entity0 channels in the cells. Noradrenergic cells appear to be more sensitive to K+ channel inhibition than are adrenergic cells. 5. The secretory response of the chromaffin cells to @entity5 increased with time in culture. 6. In addition to being a more effective secretagogue in noradrenergic cells, @entity5 was also more effective in stimulating @entity8 synthesis in these cells.

title: @entity9 selectively stimulates secretion from noradrenergic XXXX chromaffin cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. The effects of @entity9 ( @entity5 ) on @entity8 secretion from primary cultures of @entity6 -rich (noradrenergic) and @entity7 -rich (adrenergic) @entity1 chromaffin cells were studied. @entity5 stimulated @entity8 secretion from both cell types but was a much more effective secretory stimulus for noradrenergic cells. 2. @entity5 -induced @entity8 secretion was dependent on extracellular @entity0 , was partially inhibited by @entity2 and by @entity4 , and was potentiated by @entity11 . Other K+ channel blocking agents including @entity3 , @entity10 , and @entity13 did not stimulate @entity8 secretion. 3. @entity5 had no effect on @entity0 -induced secretion from @entity12 -permeabilized chromaffin cells. 4. @entity5 presumably evokes secretion by inhibiting K+ channels, depolarizing chromaffin cells, and activating voltage-gated @entity0 channels in the cells. Noradrenergic cells appear to be more sensitive to K+ channel inhibition than are adrenergic cells. 5. The secretory response of the chromaffin cells to @entity5 increased with time in culture. 6. In addition to being a more effective secretagogue in noradrenergic cells, @entity5 was also more effective in stimulating @entity8 synthesis in these cells.

title: XXXX selectively stimulates secretion from noradrenergic @entity1 chromaffin cells.

answer: @entity9


abstract: In Thailand, during the A(H1N1)pdm2009 pandemic, 82% of fatal cases did not received the specific treatment within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. Specific diagnostic tests, especially RT-PCR, were not available throughout the country. To assist early clinical diagnosis and treatment, this study compared the clinical features and treatment outcomes of @entity0 presenting with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). These included confirmed cases of A(H1N1)pdm2009, as well as seasonal @entity3 and cases for which no cause could be specified. The medical records of @entity0 aged less than 15 years with @entity3 , who had RT-PCR performed for @entity3 virus between May 2009 and December 2011 at Srinagarind Hospital, were reviewed. Clinical features, chest radiographs and treatment outcomes were compared between those positive for A(H1N1)pdm2009, and those with seasonal @entity3 and/or the unspecified causes group. In 179 complete medical records, 27.4% were positive for A(H1N1)pdm2009, 13.4% for seasonal @entity3 and the cause of illness in the remainder was unspecified. Both A(H1N1)pdm2009 and seasonal @entity3 viruses infected older @entity0 more than did the unspecified group (group median ages 96,48 and 24 months, respectively). Sore throat, @entity1 and @entity4 were significantly more frequent in the A(H1N1)pdm2009 group than in the other two groups (p < 0.001). Half of all @entity0 had @entity2 but there were no significant differences among groups. There was no mortality in this study. In conclusion, sore throat, @entity1 and @entity4 were the significant clinical features suggestive of A(H1N1)pdm2009 infection in @entity0 and might be helpful indicators prompting early administration of specific treatments in the settings where definitive laboratory tests are not available.

title: COMPARISONS OF THE CLINICAL FEATURES AND OUTCOMES OF XXXX PRESENTING WITH INFLUENZA-LIKE ILLNESSES, INCLUDING A (H1N1) PDM09 AND SEASONAL INFLUENZA, IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, THAILAND.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the time-dependence of @entity6 (5FU)-induced @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibition in @entity3 @entity0 , the effect of @entity7 (LV), and the relation to response. @entity0 AND METHODS: A 5FU injection (500 mg/m2) was given to 47 @entity0 with advanced @entity2 ; @entity1 biopsy specimens were obtained 1 to 72 hours after laparotomy. Eleven @entity0 received LV (2-hour infusion of 500 mg/m2) with 5FU midinfusion; biopsies were obtained after 45 hours. @entity4 inhibition was evaluated by comparing the number of total and free @entity8 ( @entity9 ) ( @entity8 ) binding sites and the total and residual catalytic activity of @entity4 . RESULTS: The total catalytic @entity4 activity varied from 0 to 621 pmol/h/mg protein and the total number of @entity8 binding sites varied from 0 to 976 fmol/mg protein. The residual catalytic @entity4 activity after 2, 23, and 45 hours was 41%, 65%, and 74% of the total catalytic activity; the number of free @entity8 binding sites was 12%, 27%, and 49% of the total number, respectively. LV enhanced @entity4 inhibition after 45 hours; the residual catalytic activity decreased from 74% to 49%, and the number of free @entity8 binding sites from 49% to 24%. Eleven of 19 @entity0 treated with hepatic arterial infusion of 5FU had a partial response (PR). In the nonresponding @entity0 , total @entity4 activity was significantly higher (P < .05) than in responding @entity0 . A high @entity4 activity with a poor inhibition correlated with no response. CONCLUSION: Residual and total @entity4 activity are predictive for response to 5FU. The findings may be applicable for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity4 should be evaluated as a prognostic factor in adjuvant chemotherapy studies.

title: Thymidylate synthase inhibition after administration of @entity6 with or without @entity7 in XXXX @entity0 : implications for treatment with @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the time-dependence of @entity6 (5FU)-induced @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibition in @entity3 @entity0 , the effect of @entity7 (LV), and the relation to response. @entity0 AND METHODS: A 5FU injection (500 mg/m2) was given to 47 @entity0 with advanced @entity2 ; @entity1 biopsy specimens were obtained 1 to 72 hours after laparotomy. Eleven @entity0 received LV (2-hour infusion of 500 mg/m2) with 5FU midinfusion; biopsies were obtained after 45 hours. @entity4 inhibition was evaluated by comparing the number of total and free @entity8 ( @entity9 ) ( @entity8 ) binding sites and the total and residual catalytic activity of @entity4 . RESULTS: The total catalytic @entity4 activity varied from 0 to 621 pmol/h/mg protein and the total number of @entity8 binding sites varied from 0 to 976 fmol/mg protein. The residual catalytic @entity4 activity after 2, 23, and 45 hours was 41%, 65%, and 74% of the total catalytic activity; the number of free @entity8 binding sites was 12%, 27%, and 49% of the total number, respectively. LV enhanced @entity4 inhibition after 45 hours; the residual catalytic activity decreased from 74% to 49%, and the number of free @entity8 binding sites from 49% to 24%. Eleven of 19 @entity0 treated with hepatic arterial infusion of 5FU had a partial response (PR). In the nonresponding @entity0 , total @entity4 activity was significantly higher (P < .05) than in responding @entity0 . A high @entity4 activity with a poor inhibition correlated with no response. CONCLUSION: Residual and total @entity4 activity are predictive for response to 5FU. The findings may be applicable for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity4 should be evaluated as a prognostic factor in adjuvant chemotherapy studies.

title: Thymidylate synthase inhibition after administration of @entity6 with or without XXXX in @entity3 @entity0 : implications for treatment with @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the time-dependence of @entity6 (5FU)-induced @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibition in @entity3 @entity0 , the effect of @entity7 (LV), and the relation to response. @entity0 AND METHODS: A 5FU injection (500 mg/m2) was given to 47 @entity0 with advanced @entity2 ; @entity1 biopsy specimens were obtained 1 to 72 hours after laparotomy. Eleven @entity0 received LV (2-hour infusion of 500 mg/m2) with 5FU midinfusion; biopsies were obtained after 45 hours. @entity4 inhibition was evaluated by comparing the number of total and free @entity8 ( @entity9 ) ( @entity8 ) binding sites and the total and residual catalytic activity of @entity4 . RESULTS: The total catalytic @entity4 activity varied from 0 to 621 pmol/h/mg protein and the total number of @entity8 binding sites varied from 0 to 976 fmol/mg protein. The residual catalytic @entity4 activity after 2, 23, and 45 hours was 41%, 65%, and 74% of the total catalytic activity; the number of free @entity8 binding sites was 12%, 27%, and 49% of the total number, respectively. LV enhanced @entity4 inhibition after 45 hours; the residual catalytic activity decreased from 74% to 49%, and the number of free @entity8 binding sites from 49% to 24%. Eleven of 19 @entity0 treated with hepatic arterial infusion of 5FU had a partial response (PR). In the nonresponding @entity0 , total @entity4 activity was significantly higher (P < .05) than in responding @entity0 . A high @entity4 activity with a poor inhibition correlated with no response. CONCLUSION: Residual and total @entity4 activity are predictive for response to 5FU. The findings may be applicable for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity4 should be evaluated as a prognostic factor in adjuvant chemotherapy studies.

title: Thymidylate synthase inhibition after administration of XXXX with or without @entity7 in @entity3 @entity0 : implications for treatment with @entity6 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the time-dependence of @entity6 (5FU)-induced @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibition in @entity3 @entity0 , the effect of @entity7 (LV), and the relation to response. @entity0 AND METHODS: A 5FU injection (500 mg/m2) was given to 47 @entity0 with advanced @entity2 ; @entity1 biopsy specimens were obtained 1 to 72 hours after laparotomy. Eleven @entity0 received LV (2-hour infusion of 500 mg/m2) with 5FU midinfusion; biopsies were obtained after 45 hours. @entity4 inhibition was evaluated by comparing the number of total and free @entity8 ( @entity9 ) ( @entity8 ) binding sites and the total and residual catalytic activity of @entity4 . RESULTS: The total catalytic @entity4 activity varied from 0 to 621 pmol/h/mg protein and the total number of @entity8 binding sites varied from 0 to 976 fmol/mg protein. The residual catalytic @entity4 activity after 2, 23, and 45 hours was 41%, 65%, and 74% of the total catalytic activity; the number of free @entity8 binding sites was 12%, 27%, and 49% of the total number, respectively. LV enhanced @entity4 inhibition after 45 hours; the residual catalytic activity decreased from 74% to 49%, and the number of free @entity8 binding sites from 49% to 24%. Eleven of 19 @entity0 treated with hepatic arterial infusion of 5FU had a partial response (PR). In the nonresponding @entity0 , total @entity4 activity was significantly higher (P < .05) than in responding @entity0 . A high @entity4 activity with a poor inhibition correlated with no response. CONCLUSION: Residual and total @entity4 activity are predictive for response to 5FU. The findings may be applicable for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity4 should be evaluated as a prognostic factor in adjuvant chemotherapy studies.

title: Thymidylate synthase inhibition after administration of @entity6 with or without @entity7 in @entity3 @entity0 : implications for treatment with XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the time-dependence of @entity6 (5FU)-induced @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibition in @entity3 @entity0 , the effect of @entity7 (LV), and the relation to response. @entity0 AND METHODS: A 5FU injection (500 mg/m2) was given to 47 @entity0 with advanced @entity2 ; @entity1 biopsy specimens were obtained 1 to 72 hours after laparotomy. Eleven @entity0 received LV (2-hour infusion of 500 mg/m2) with 5FU midinfusion; biopsies were obtained after 45 hours. @entity4 inhibition was evaluated by comparing the number of total and free @entity8 ( @entity9 ) ( @entity8 ) binding sites and the total and residual catalytic activity of @entity4 . RESULTS: The total catalytic @entity4 activity varied from 0 to 621 pmol/h/mg protein and the total number of @entity8 binding sites varied from 0 to 976 fmol/mg protein. The residual catalytic @entity4 activity after 2, 23, and 45 hours was 41%, 65%, and 74% of the total catalytic activity; the number of free @entity8 binding sites was 12%, 27%, and 49% of the total number, respectively. LV enhanced @entity4 inhibition after 45 hours; the residual catalytic activity decreased from 74% to 49%, and the number of free @entity8 binding sites from 49% to 24%. Eleven of 19 @entity0 treated with hepatic arterial infusion of 5FU had a partial response (PR). In the nonresponding @entity0 , total @entity4 activity was significantly higher (P < .05) than in responding @entity0 . A high @entity4 activity with a poor inhibition correlated with no response. CONCLUSION: Residual and total @entity4 activity are predictive for response to 5FU. The findings may be applicable for treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity4 should be evaluated as a prognostic factor in adjuvant chemotherapy studies.

title: Thymidylate synthase inhibition after administration of @entity6 with or without @entity7 in @entity3 XXXX : implications for treatment with @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: A national cooperative group trial was conducted in @entity0 with early-stage cutaneous @entity4 to determine if oral @entity5 can increase disease-free survival or survival. @entity0 AND METHODS: Two hundred forty-eight @entity0 with completely resected @entity4 of @entity2 greater than 0.75 mm and clinically negative lymph nodes were randomized to oral @entity5 (100,000 IU/d) for 18 months or to observation. @entity0 were stratified by @entity2 of @entity1 (0.76 to 1.50 mm, 1.51 to 3.00 mm, or > 3.00 mm), sex, and type of therapy (excision, excision plus node dissection, excision plus perfusion, or excision plus both). The median duration of follow-up observation of living @entity0 is greater than 8 years. The relative risk (RR) in disease-free survival and overall survival in the treatment compared with the observation group was calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Overall, there was no difference in disease-free survival or overall survival between the two groups. Examination of treatment by stratification interactions and subset analysis did not show any treatment-effect differences based on sex or type of therapy. There was also no difference between groups in disease-free survival based on @entity2 of the @entity1 . Overall, 12% of @entity0 who received @entity5 experienced grade 3 or 4 @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Based on the lack of overall survival benefit, further evaluation of @entity5 as adjuvant therapy for @entity4 does not appear warranted.

title: Randomized trial of @entity5 versus observation as adjuvant therapy in high-risk primary XXXX : a Southwest Oncology Group study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: A national cooperative group trial was conducted in @entity0 with early-stage cutaneous @entity4 to determine if oral @entity5 can increase disease-free survival or survival. @entity0 AND METHODS: Two hundred forty-eight @entity0 with completely resected @entity4 of @entity2 greater than 0.75 mm and clinically negative lymph nodes were randomized to oral @entity5 (100,000 IU/d) for 18 months or to observation. @entity0 were stratified by @entity2 of @entity1 (0.76 to 1.50 mm, 1.51 to 3.00 mm, or > 3.00 mm), sex, and type of therapy (excision, excision plus node dissection, excision plus perfusion, or excision plus both). The median duration of follow-up observation of living @entity0 is greater than 8 years. The relative risk (RR) in disease-free survival and overall survival in the treatment compared with the observation group was calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Overall, there was no difference in disease-free survival or overall survival between the two groups. Examination of treatment by stratification interactions and subset analysis did not show any treatment-effect differences based on sex or type of therapy. There was also no difference between groups in disease-free survival based on @entity2 of the @entity1 . Overall, 12% of @entity0 who received @entity5 experienced grade 3 or 4 @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Based on the lack of overall survival benefit, further evaluation of @entity5 as adjuvant therapy for @entity4 does not appear warranted.

title: Randomized trial of XXXX versus observation as adjuvant therapy in high-risk primary @entity4 : a Southwest Oncology Group study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the prognostic value of cell proliferation rate in @entity7 , study its association with histologic classification, and investigate whether its predictive value is influenced by the type of treatment given. @entity0 AND METHODS: The S-phase fraction ( @entity10 ) size was determined by DNA flow cytometry from paraffin-embedded tissue obtained at diagnosis from 490 @entity0 with @entity7 , diagnosed in a defined geographic area from 1970 to 1991. Clinical data were collected from hospital records and the files of the Finnish @entity1 Registry. RESULTS: @entity10 size correlated well with histologic grading performed either according to the Working Formulation or Kiel classification (P < .0001 for both). The mean SPFs of low-, intermediate-, and high-grade @entity4 were 4.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.2% to 5.5%), 10.3% (95% CI, 9.3% to 11.4%), and 15.5% (95% CI, 14.0% to 16.9%), respectively. Lymphomas with an @entity10 lower than the median (7.9%) had a 58% 5-year and 44% 15-year survival rate, whereas those with an @entity10 larger than the median had a 44% 5-year and 40% 15-year survival rate (P < .0001). @entity10 size was not significantly associated with prognosis in some subgroups, such as among @entity0 treated primarily with @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity6 , and @entity2 ( @entity8 ) (n = 114) or @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity2 ( @entity9 ) (n = 124) with or without radiotherapy (P > .05), whereas a stronger association was found among @entity0 with stage I or @entity4 treated with radiotherapy only (n = 100; P = .003) and among @entity0 with stage III or IV @entity4 who did not receive chemotherapy (n = 44; P < .0001). In multivariate analyses that included the factors used to construct the International Prognostic Index, @entity10 had independent prognostic value both in low-grade and intermediate- or high-grade @entity4 , but not in the subset of @entity0 treated with combination chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. CONCLUSION: Cell proliferation rate measured as @entity10 is closely associated with histologic grading in @entity7 , and it has independent prognostic value. The treatment given influences considerably the prognostic value of @entity10 .

title: Effect of treatment on the prognostic value of S-phase fraction in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is used to assess appropriate management of nodular @entity2 safely, but Bethesda category III (atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance) and category IV ( @entity1 /suspicious for @entity1 ) lesions are problematic. This study aimed to evaluate the Afirma Gene Expression Classifier (GEC) results for lesions in those categories. METHODS: Medical records of @entity0 with thyroid FNA and GEC results were obtained from archived material. Results were compared to thyroidectomy histologic diagnoses. RESULTS: Among 66 @entity0 with FNA results (47 @entity0 and 19 @entity0 aged 26-89 years [mean, 59.4 years]), surgical reports were available for 38. Afirma GEC results were "nondiagnostic" for 10 of 66 (15.2%), "benign" for 22 (33.3%), and "suspicious" for 34 (51.5%). Surgical diagnosis was available for 38 of 66 @entity0 (57.6%); GEC results for 6 (15.8%) of these were "nondiagnostic," 27 (71.0%) were "suspicious," and 5 (13.2%) were "benign." One of 6 (16.7%) samples with "nondiagnostic" results, 1 of 5 (20%) with "benign" results, and 15 of 27 (55.6%) with "suspicious" results were malignant on histology. @entity3 was the most common @entity1 type (15 of 38; 39.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Afirma GEC results minimize the number of unnecessary operations. Afirma GEC testing may be reserved for FNAs with a category III diagnosis on follow-up cytologic examination. We recommend a conservative approach for "suspicious" Afirma GEC results if H  rthle cells are seen with FNA. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Afirma GEC and XXXX : An institutional experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MiRNAs play crucial roles in many aspects of plant development and the response to the environment. The @entity8 family has been shown to participate in the control of flowering time and the response to abiotic stress. This family regulates the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 )-like transcription factors in @entity1 . In the present study, @entity2 ( @entity2 .) @entity9 , a member of the @entity8 family, and its target gene were investigated for abiotic stress responses in transgenic @entity1 . gma- @entity9 was induced by @entity3 ( @entity4 ) treatments and abiotic stresses, including salt and water deficit. 5'-RACE (5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends) assays indicated that @entity8 c directed Glyma01g39520 mRNA cleavage in @entity2 . Overexpression of gma- @entity9 in @entity1 resulted in reduced leaf water loss and increased survival rate under stress conditions. Meanwhile, the root length, germination rate, and cotyledon greening of transgenic plants were improved during both high salt and water deficit conditions. In addition, transgenic plants exhibited @entity0 to @entity4 during both the seed germination and post-germination seedling growth stages. Stress-related physiological indicators and the expression of stress/ @entity4 -responsive genes were affected by abiotic treatments. The overexpression of gma- @entity9 in @entity1 promoted earlier flowering compared with the wild type through modulation of the expression of flowering genes, such as FT and LFY during long days, especially under drought conditions. Glyma01g39520 weakened @entity4 sensitivity and reduced the tolerance to drought stress in the snz mutant of @entity1 by reducing the expression of @entity5 and @entity6 . Overall, the present results demonstrate that gma- @entity9 confers water deficit and salt tolerance but increased @entity4 sensitivity by regulating Glyma01g39520, which also accelerates flowering under abiotic stresses.

title: Overexpression of XXXX miR172c confers water deficit and salt tolerance but @entity4 sensitivity in transgenic @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MiRNAs play crucial roles in many aspects of plant development and the response to the environment. The @entity8 family has been shown to participate in the control of flowering time and the response to abiotic stress. This family regulates the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 )-like transcription factors in @entity1 . In the present study, @entity2 ( @entity2 .) @entity9 , a member of the @entity8 family, and its target gene were investigated for abiotic stress responses in transgenic @entity1 . gma- @entity9 was induced by @entity3 ( @entity4 ) treatments and abiotic stresses, including salt and water deficit. 5'-RACE (5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends) assays indicated that @entity8 c directed Glyma01g39520 mRNA cleavage in @entity2 . Overexpression of gma- @entity9 in @entity1 resulted in reduced leaf water loss and increased survival rate under stress conditions. Meanwhile, the root length, germination rate, and cotyledon greening of transgenic plants were improved during both high salt and water deficit conditions. In addition, transgenic plants exhibited @entity0 to @entity4 during both the seed germination and post-germination seedling growth stages. Stress-related physiological indicators and the expression of stress/ @entity4 -responsive genes were affected by abiotic treatments. The overexpression of gma- @entity9 in @entity1 promoted earlier flowering compared with the wild type through modulation of the expression of flowering genes, such as FT and LFY during long days, especially under drought conditions. Glyma01g39520 weakened @entity4 sensitivity and reduced the tolerance to drought stress in the snz mutant of @entity1 by reducing the expression of @entity5 and @entity6 . Overall, the present results demonstrate that gma- @entity9 confers water deficit and salt tolerance but increased @entity4 sensitivity by regulating Glyma01g39520, which also accelerates flowering under abiotic stresses.

title: Overexpression of @entity2 miR172c confers water deficit and salt tolerance but XXXX sensitivity in transgenic @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MiRNAs play crucial roles in many aspects of plant development and the response to the environment. The @entity8 family has been shown to participate in the control of flowering time and the response to abiotic stress. This family regulates the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 )-like transcription factors in @entity1 . In the present study, @entity2 ( @entity2 .) @entity9 , a member of the @entity8 family, and its target gene were investigated for abiotic stress responses in transgenic @entity1 . gma- @entity9 was induced by @entity3 ( @entity4 ) treatments and abiotic stresses, including salt and water deficit. 5'-RACE (5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends) assays indicated that @entity8 c directed Glyma01g39520 mRNA cleavage in @entity2 . Overexpression of gma- @entity9 in @entity1 resulted in reduced leaf water loss and increased survival rate under stress conditions. Meanwhile, the root length, germination rate, and cotyledon greening of transgenic plants were improved during both high salt and water deficit conditions. In addition, transgenic plants exhibited @entity0 to @entity4 during both the seed germination and post-germination seedling growth stages. Stress-related physiological indicators and the expression of stress/ @entity4 -responsive genes were affected by abiotic treatments. The overexpression of gma- @entity9 in @entity1 promoted earlier flowering compared with the wild type through modulation of the expression of flowering genes, such as FT and LFY during long days, especially under drought conditions. Glyma01g39520 weakened @entity4 sensitivity and reduced the tolerance to drought stress in the snz mutant of @entity1 by reducing the expression of @entity5 and @entity6 . Overall, the present results demonstrate that gma- @entity9 confers water deficit and salt tolerance but increased @entity4 sensitivity by regulating Glyma01g39520, which also accelerates flowering under abiotic stresses.

title: Overexpression of @entity2 miR172c confers water deficit and salt tolerance but @entity4 sensitivity in transgenic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective We examined the prevalence and clinical features of primary exercise @entity1 (PEH) in middle-aged Japanese population. Methods A @entity1 specialist interviewed middle-aged subjects serially on health check-up. The @entity1 were diagnosed according to the International Classification of @entity3 (ICHD-III beta). @entity2 ( @entity2 ) risk and radiological findings were analyzed. Prevalence of PEH and clinical features were assessed. Results Among 2,546 subjects (1,588 @entity0 and 958 @entity0 ), thirty subjects (13 @entity0 and 17 @entity0 ) were diagnosed with PEH. The prevalence of PEH was 1.19%, 0.82% in @entity0 and 1.77% in @entity0 . The mean age [standard deviation (SD)] of the subjects was 44.3 (8.8) years and their mean duration (SD) of PEH was 4.5 (7.0) months. @entity1 occurred bilaterally (23 @entity0 ) or unilaterally (7 @entity0 ), and in the occipital (16 @entity0 ), frontal (10 @entity0 ) or diffuse region (4 @entity0 ). The persistent @entity1 time ranged from 5 minutes to 12 hours. The degree of @entity1 severity was classified as mild (13 @entity0 ), moderate (5 @entity0 ) or severe degree (12 @entity0 ). PEH was triggered by gym training (16 @entity0 ), swimming (6 @entity0 ), running (6 @entity0 ) and skiing (2 @entity0 ). All @entity0 were exercise beginners or played a sport occasionally. No @entity0 visited physicians for @entity1 consultation. Other @entity1 coexisted in 20 @entity0 (67%). Twenty @entity0 had @entity4 (MO). Seven @entity0 had @entity1 associated with sexual activity. Five @entity0 had @entity5 . Two @entity0 had @entity2 risk factors. Conclusion The present study of PEH indicated the prevalence of 1.2% and the female/male ratio of 2.1 in middle-aged Japanese. The comorbidity rate of MO was high. PEH may not be an uncommon @entity1 in middle-aged MO sufferers and sport beginners.

title: Prevalence and Clinical Hallmarks of Primary Exercise XXXX in Middle-aged Japanese on Health Check-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effect of casein phosphopeptides (CPP) on bone metabolism was studied in the ectopic bone induced by the implantation of decalcified bone matrix in @entity0 . Forty-two @entity0 male @entity0 of 7 weeks old were fed low @entity1 diets (0.39% of @entity1 ) with or without supplying 0.50% of CPP, or a control diet (0.91% of @entity1 ) without CPP supplementation. After a 1-week preliminary period, each @entity0 was subcutaneously implanted with 30 mg of demineralized bone matrix powder. Fourteen and 21 days after the implantation, the implants were harvested from 7 @entity0 of each group. @entity1 content in the graft was not significantly different among all groups on day 14. Subsequently, the content of @entity1 rapidly increased in the grafts irrespective of diets given. However, the graft of the CPP- group contained less @entity1 than the other groups and the @entity1 content was more in the control @entity0 compared to the CPP+ animals on day 21. Alkaline phosphatase activity (an index of bone and cartilage @entity2 ) was lower in the control group than in the CPP+ group on day 14. The enzyme activity subsequently decreased in the control group but the activity was not changed in the other groups. As a result, the activity of alkaline phosphatase was lower in the control animals than in the other @entity0 on day 21. Tartrate-resistant cap phosphatase activity (an index of bone resorption) was higher in the CPP--group compared to the control on day 14. On day 21, the activity was higher in the CPP--group compared to the others.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The influences of casein phosphopeptides on metabolism of ectopic bone induced by decalcified bone matrix implantation in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is a decrease in both muscle mass and strength. It remains unclear whether @entity3 is associated with morbidity after @entity1 surgery. This study evaluated the impact of @entity3 on the morbidity of @entity1 surgery. METHODS: A total of 293 @entity1 @entity0 who underwent curative surgery between May 2011 and June 2013 were retrospectively examined. @entity0 with performance status 3 or 4 were excluded. Preoperative lean body mass (LBM) was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis and expressed as LBM index. Preoperative muscle function was measured by hand grip strength (HGS). The cutoff values were the gender-specific lowest 20  %. Grade 2 or higher morbidities, as retrospectively evaluated by the Clavien-Dindo classification, were obtained from the @entity0 record. The risk factors for morbidity were examined by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Morbidity was observed in 39 @entity0 (13.3  %), including 7 with pancreatic leakage, 12 with @entity2 , and 4 with intraabdominal abscesses, but no mortality was observed. The univariate analysis showed that male gender, total gastrectomy, splenectomy, and a low HGS were significant risk factors for morbidity. A low LBM was not a significant risk factor. A low HGS, male gender, and total gastrectomy remained significant in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: A low hand grip strength was a significant risk factor for morbidity after @entity1 surgery. The importance of the hand grip strength as a risk factor should be examined in future prospective studies.

title: Impact of preoperative hand grip strength on morbidity following XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The electrophysiological basis of the treatment of @entity1 "refractory" @entity4 with rate - programmable pacemakers, stems from the pacing-inducted electrophysiological modifications with higher and time programmable threshold rates being obtainable to suppress the @entity4 . Furthermore antiarrhythmic agents, that must be generally associated, are more safely employed. This is a new application in clinical arrhythmology of a particular type of permanent pacemaker whose classic indications are well known. The Authors report their experience relative to 16 selected @entity0 affected by severe @entity5 . Three types of pacemakers were employed: Omnis Stanicor Cordis; Microlith C.P.I.; and Byrel A-V Sequential, Medtronic. The results, in term of the suppression of the @entity4 , were encouraging. The most striking problem is to match the "rate threshold" for the suppression of the @entity4 with the @entity0 's hemodynamic tolerance: not infrequently in fact the programmed rates are poorly tolerated by the @entity0 either because of @entity3 or due to @entity2 . These @entity0 need frequent adjustment of the stimulation rate. The availability of rate programmable pacemakers with steps of one beat per minute, of A-V sequential stimulation and, when feasible of atrial stimulation, undoubtedly plays an important role in clinical arrhythmology.

title: [The use of pace-makers with programmable frequency in the control of XXXX ventricular "refractory" @entity4 (author's transl)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The electrophysiological basis of the treatment of @entity1 "refractory" @entity4 with rate - programmable pacemakers, stems from the pacing-inducted electrophysiological modifications with higher and time programmable threshold rates being obtainable to suppress the @entity4 . Furthermore antiarrhythmic agents, that must be generally associated, are more safely employed. This is a new application in clinical arrhythmology of a particular type of permanent pacemaker whose classic indications are well known. The Authors report their experience relative to 16 selected @entity0 affected by severe @entity5 . Three types of pacemakers were employed: Omnis Stanicor Cordis; Microlith C.P.I.; and Byrel A-V Sequential, Medtronic. The results, in term of the suppression of the @entity4 , were encouraging. The most striking problem is to match the "rate threshold" for the suppression of the @entity4 with the @entity0 's hemodynamic tolerance: not infrequently in fact the programmed rates are poorly tolerated by the @entity0 either because of @entity3 or due to @entity2 . These @entity0 need frequent adjustment of the stimulation rate. The availability of rate programmable pacemakers with steps of one beat per minute, of A-V sequential stimulation and, when feasible of atrial stimulation, undoubtedly plays an important role in clinical arrhythmology.

title: [The use of pace-makers with programmable frequency in the control of @entity1 ventricular "refractory" XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current National @entity2 Network guidelines for @entity0 staging include pre-treatment complete blood count (CBC) and liver function tests (LFT) to screen for occult metastatic disease. To date, the relevance of these tests in detecting metastatic disease in asymptomatic @entity1 with @entity0 (Stage I/II) has not been demonstrated. Although chest x-rays are no longer recommended in the NCCN guidelines, many centers continue to include this imaging as part of their screening process. We aim to determine the clinical and financial impact of these labs and x-rays in the evaluation of @entity0 @entity1 . A single institution IRB-approved retrospective chart review was conducted of @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity0 treated from January 1, 2005-December 31, 2009. We collected @entity1 demographics, clinical and pathologic staging, chest x-ray, CBC, and LFT results at the time of referral. @entity1 were stratified according to radiographic stage at the time of diagnosis. We obtained Medicare reimbursement fees for cost analysis. From 2005 to 2009, 1609 @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity0 were treated at our institution. Of the 1082 @entity1 with radiographic stage I/II disease, 27.3  % of @entity1 had abnormal CBCs. No additional testing was performed to evaluate these abnormalities. In the early-stage population, 24.7  % of @entity1 had elevated LFTs, resulting in 84 additional imaging studies. No metastatic disease was detected. The cost of CBC, LFTs and chest x-rays was  110.20 per @entity1 , totaling  106,410.99. Additional tests prompted by abnormal results cost  58,143.30 over the five-year period. We found that pre-treatment CBCs, LFTs, and chest x-rays did not improve detection of occult metastatic disease but resulted in additional financial costs. Avoiding routine ordering of these tests would save the US healthcare system  25.7 million annually.

title: Complete blood counts, liver function tests, and chest x-rays as routine screening in XXXX : value added or just cost?

answer: @entity0