abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the most common @entity2 in @entity1 in the whole world. Despite significant developments in the early diagnosis of @entity0 , there is no effective method which would assure total recovery of the @entity1 . Currently available clinical data and laboratory tests indicate a possibility to introduce photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the supplementary treatment of @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of PDT with Photolon as a photosensibilizator on the expression of apoptosis associated genes ( @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 ) in @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, preceded by assessment of survivorship and proliferative activity in the tested cells after PDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study @entity1 @entity0 cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D were used. Photolon (chlorin e6 complex: PVP 1:1) was used as a photosensitizer. Assessments of survivorship and proliferative activity of cells under the influence of PDT (WST-1 test) were conducted along with the expression of selected genes involved in the process of apoptosis: @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 (RT-QPCR). RESULTS: PDT limited both survivorship and proliferative activity of @entity0 cells in the two tested lines. In case of T-47D cell line was found increase of @entity4 and @entity3 genes expression after PDT and sustained activity of @entity5 gene. Conversely, in MCF-7 cell line a decrease in expression was found for both @entity4 and @entity5 genes, but also an increase of @entity3 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: A progressing decrease (24, 48 and 72 h after PDT) in the count of culture cells, which suggests the occurrence of apoptosis initiated by a photodynamic reaction with simultaneous increase of @entity3 / @entity4 index, indicates activation of a different endogenous apoptosis pathway than the one examined, namely pointing to suicidal death of cells after PDT.

title: Expression of proapoptotic @entity4 and @entity5 genes and antiapoptotic @entity3 gene in MCF-7 and T-47D XXXX cell cultures of the mammary gland after a photodynamic therapy with photolon.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the most common @entity2 in @entity1 in the whole world. Despite significant developments in the early diagnosis of @entity0 , there is no effective method which would assure total recovery of the @entity1 . Currently available clinical data and laboratory tests indicate a possibility to introduce photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the supplementary treatment of @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of PDT with Photolon as a photosensibilizator on the expression of apoptosis associated genes ( @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 ) in @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, preceded by assessment of survivorship and proliferative activity in the tested cells after PDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study @entity1 @entity0 cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D were used. Photolon (chlorin e6 complex: PVP 1:1) was used as a photosensitizer. Assessments of survivorship and proliferative activity of cells under the influence of PDT (WST-1 test) were conducted along with the expression of selected genes involved in the process of apoptosis: @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 (RT-QPCR). RESULTS: PDT limited both survivorship and proliferative activity of @entity0 cells in the two tested lines. In case of T-47D cell line was found increase of @entity4 and @entity3 genes expression after PDT and sustained activity of @entity5 gene. Conversely, in MCF-7 cell line a decrease in expression was found for both @entity4 and @entity5 genes, but also an increase of @entity3 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: A progressing decrease (24, 48 and 72 h after PDT) in the count of culture cells, which suggests the occurrence of apoptosis initiated by a photodynamic reaction with simultaneous increase of @entity3 / @entity4 index, indicates activation of a different endogenous apoptosis pathway than the one examined, namely pointing to suicidal death of cells after PDT.

title: Expression of proapoptotic @entity4 and XXXX genes and antiapoptotic @entity3 gene in MCF-7 and T-47D @entity2 cell cultures of the mammary gland after a photodynamic therapy with photolon.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the most common @entity2 in @entity1 in the whole world. Despite significant developments in the early diagnosis of @entity0 , there is no effective method which would assure total recovery of the @entity1 . Currently available clinical data and laboratory tests indicate a possibility to introduce photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the supplementary treatment of @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of PDT with Photolon as a photosensibilizator on the expression of apoptosis associated genes ( @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 ) in @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, preceded by assessment of survivorship and proliferative activity in the tested cells after PDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study @entity1 @entity0 cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D were used. Photolon (chlorin e6 complex: PVP 1:1) was used as a photosensitizer. Assessments of survivorship and proliferative activity of cells under the influence of PDT (WST-1 test) were conducted along with the expression of selected genes involved in the process of apoptosis: @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 (RT-QPCR). RESULTS: PDT limited both survivorship and proliferative activity of @entity0 cells in the two tested lines. In case of T-47D cell line was found increase of @entity4 and @entity3 genes expression after PDT and sustained activity of @entity5 gene. Conversely, in MCF-7 cell line a decrease in expression was found for both @entity4 and @entity5 genes, but also an increase of @entity3 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: A progressing decrease (24, 48 and 72 h after PDT) in the count of culture cells, which suggests the occurrence of apoptosis initiated by a photodynamic reaction with simultaneous increase of @entity3 / @entity4 index, indicates activation of a different endogenous apoptosis pathway than the one examined, namely pointing to suicidal death of cells after PDT.

title: Expression of proapoptotic XXXX and @entity5 genes and antiapoptotic @entity3 gene in MCF-7 and T-47D @entity2 cell cultures of the mammary gland after a photodynamic therapy with photolon.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the most common @entity2 in @entity1 in the whole world. Despite significant developments in the early diagnosis of @entity0 , there is no effective method which would assure total recovery of the @entity1 . Currently available clinical data and laboratory tests indicate a possibility to introduce photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the supplementary treatment of @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of PDT with Photolon as a photosensibilizator on the expression of apoptosis associated genes ( @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 ) in @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, preceded by assessment of survivorship and proliferative activity in the tested cells after PDT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study @entity1 @entity0 cell lines MCF-7 and T-47D were used. Photolon (chlorin e6 complex: PVP 1:1) was used as a photosensitizer. Assessments of survivorship and proliferative activity of cells under the influence of PDT (WST-1 test) were conducted along with the expression of selected genes involved in the process of apoptosis: @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity5 (RT-QPCR). RESULTS: PDT limited both survivorship and proliferative activity of @entity0 cells in the two tested lines. In case of T-47D cell line was found increase of @entity4 and @entity3 genes expression after PDT and sustained activity of @entity5 gene. Conversely, in MCF-7 cell line a decrease in expression was found for both @entity4 and @entity5 genes, but also an increase of @entity3 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS: A progressing decrease (24, 48 and 72 h after PDT) in the count of culture cells, which suggests the occurrence of apoptosis initiated by a photodynamic reaction with simultaneous increase of @entity3 / @entity4 index, indicates activation of a different endogenous apoptosis pathway than the one examined, namely pointing to suicidal death of cells after PDT.

title: Expression of proapoptotic @entity4 and @entity5 genes and antiapoptotic XXXX gene in MCF-7 and T-47D @entity2 cell cultures of the mammary gland after a photodynamic therapy with photolon.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complications of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) lead to increased mortality and reduced quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Polish @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and in a matched sample from the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on HRQoL came from two non-interventional studies: a prospective study of @entity0 with @entity5 and an EQ-5D study of Polish general population norms. The HRQoL analysis was conducted in four separate age groups: 32-44, 45-54, 55-64 and over 65 years old. We analyzed both subjective and objective assessment of HRQoL (EQ VAS and EQ-5D index) and the presence of restrictions within five dimensions of the EQ-5D descriptive part. RESULTS: A total of 274 @entity0 with @entity5 and 214 representatives from the study of population norms were included. EQ VAS was systematically lower in @entity1 @entity0 as compared to the general population and decreased with age (68.2 vs 83.9, 62.4 vs 79.2; 54.9 vs 78.1, 50.2 vs 69.8 in consecutive age groups). A similar relationship was observed with the EQ-5D index. The largest mean differences were observed among subjects aged 55-64 years (EQ VAS: 23.2, EQ-5D index: 0.085). In three domains, i.e. self-care, usual activities and @entity2 / @entity4 , @entity0 with @entity1 who were over 45 years of age reported significantly more problems than respondents from the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Both subjective and objective HRQoL in @entity0 with @entity5 was lower than in respondents similar in age from the general population. Compared with @entity3 2 @entity1 populations from other countries, Polish @entity0 are characterized by relatively high HRQoL objective assessment and very low subjective assessment.

title: Quality of life in @entity0 with type 2 XXXX with the general population using the EQ-5D questionnaire.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complications of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) lead to increased mortality and reduced quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Polish @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and in a matched sample from the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on HRQoL came from two non-interventional studies: a prospective study of @entity0 with @entity5 and an EQ-5D study of Polish general population norms. The HRQoL analysis was conducted in four separate age groups: 32-44, 45-54, 55-64 and over 65 years old. We analyzed both subjective and objective assessment of HRQoL (EQ VAS and EQ-5D index) and the presence of restrictions within five dimensions of the EQ-5D descriptive part. RESULTS: A total of 274 @entity0 with @entity5 and 214 representatives from the study of population norms were included. EQ VAS was systematically lower in @entity1 @entity0 as compared to the general population and decreased with age (68.2 vs 83.9, 62.4 vs 79.2; 54.9 vs 78.1, 50.2 vs 69.8 in consecutive age groups). A similar relationship was observed with the EQ-5D index. The largest mean differences were observed among subjects aged 55-64 years (EQ VAS: 23.2, EQ-5D index: 0.085). In three domains, i.e. self-care, usual activities and @entity2 / @entity4 , @entity0 with @entity1 who were over 45 years of age reported significantly more problems than respondents from the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Both subjective and objective HRQoL in @entity0 with @entity5 was lower than in respondents similar in age from the general population. Compared with @entity3 2 @entity1 populations from other countries, Polish @entity0 are characterized by relatively high HRQoL objective assessment and very low subjective assessment.

title: Quality of life in XXXX with type 2 @entity1 with the general population using the EQ-5D questionnaire.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Given the paucity of literature on outpatient @entity3 repair (VHR), and that assessment of the safety of outpatient surgical procedures is becoming an active area of investigation, we have performed a multi-institutional retrospective analysis benchmarking rates of 30-day complications and readmissions and identifying predictive factors for these outcomes. METHODS: National surgical quality improvement project data files from 2011 to 2012 were reviewed to collect data on all @entity0 undergoing outpatient VHR during that period. The incidence of 30-day peri-operative complication and unplanned readmission was surveyed. We created a multivariate regression model to identify predictive factors for overall, surgical, and medical complications and unplanned readmissions with proper risk adjustment. RESULTS: 30-day complication and readmission rates in outpatient VHR were acceptably low. 3  % of the queried outpatients experienced an overall complication, 2.1  % a surgical complication, and 1.1  % a medical complication. 3.3  % of all @entity0 were readmitted within 30  days. Upon multivariate analysis, predictors of overall complications included age, BMI, history of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and total operation time, predictors of surgical complications included age, BMI, total operation time, predictors of medical complications included total operation time, and predictors of unplanned readmissions included history of @entity1 , @entity2 , American Society of Anesthesiologists Class 3, 4, or 5, total operation time, and use of the laparoscopic technique. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that the risk of peri-operative morbidity in VHR as granularly defined in our study is low in the outpatient setting. Identification of predictive factors will be important to @entity0 risk stratification.

title: Assessing the safety of outpatient XXXX repair: a NSQIP analysis of 7666 @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Given the paucity of literature on outpatient @entity3 repair (VHR), and that assessment of the safety of outpatient surgical procedures is becoming an active area of investigation, we have performed a multi-institutional retrospective analysis benchmarking rates of 30-day complications and readmissions and identifying predictive factors for these outcomes. METHODS: National surgical quality improvement project data files from 2011 to 2012 were reviewed to collect data on all @entity0 undergoing outpatient VHR during that period. The incidence of 30-day peri-operative complication and unplanned readmission was surveyed. We created a multivariate regression model to identify predictive factors for overall, surgical, and medical complications and unplanned readmissions with proper risk adjustment. RESULTS: 30-day complication and readmission rates in outpatient VHR were acceptably low. 3  % of the queried outpatients experienced an overall complication, 2.1  % a surgical complication, and 1.1  % a medical complication. 3.3  % of all @entity0 were readmitted within 30  days. Upon multivariate analysis, predictors of overall complications included age, BMI, history of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and total operation time, predictors of surgical complications included age, BMI, total operation time, predictors of medical complications included total operation time, and predictors of unplanned readmissions included history of @entity1 , @entity2 , American Society of Anesthesiologists Class 3, 4, or 5, total operation time, and use of the laparoscopic technique. CONCLUSION: We have demonstrated that the risk of peri-operative morbidity in VHR as granularly defined in our study is low in the outpatient setting. Identification of predictive factors will be important to @entity0 risk stratification.

title: Assessing the safety of outpatient @entity3 repair: a NSQIP analysis of 7666 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity3 . Our study group consisted of 24 @entity0 -21 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 , aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97    11.60)-with @entity6 who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 @entity0 -6 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 , aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90    14.22)-without @entity3 who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, @entity4 , and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that @entity7 , @entity8 , and @entity9 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as @entity0 ' ages and the duration of @entity5 increased. We conclude that the most important role that @entity7 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and @entity1 in the extracellular matrix. An increase in @entity7 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in @entity2 of the @entity5 . An increase of @entity8 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

title: The role of @entity7 , XXXX , and @entity9 in the pathogenesis of @entity3 : Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

answer: @entity8


abstract: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity3 . Our study group consisted of 24 @entity0 -21 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 , aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97    11.60)-with @entity6 who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 @entity0 -6 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 , aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90    14.22)-without @entity3 who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, @entity4 , and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that @entity7 , @entity8 , and @entity9 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as @entity0 ' ages and the duration of @entity5 increased. We conclude that the most important role that @entity7 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and @entity1 in the extracellular matrix. An increase in @entity7 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in @entity2 of the @entity5 . An increase of @entity8 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

title: The role of XXXX , @entity8 , and @entity9 in the pathogenesis of @entity3 : Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

answer: @entity7


abstract: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity3 . Our study group consisted of 24 @entity0 -21 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 , aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97    11.60)-with @entity6 who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 @entity0 -6 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 , aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90    14.22)-without @entity3 who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, @entity4 , and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that @entity7 , @entity8 , and @entity9 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as @entity0 ' ages and the duration of @entity5 increased. We conclude that the most important role that @entity7 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and @entity1 in the extracellular matrix. An increase in @entity7 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in @entity2 of the @entity5 . An increase of @entity8 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

title: The role of @entity7 , @entity8 , and XXXX in the pathogenesis of @entity3 : Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

answer: @entity9


abstract: We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity3 . Our study group consisted of 24 @entity0 -21 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 , aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97    11.60)-with @entity6 who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 @entity0 -6 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 , aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90    14.22)-without @entity3 who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, @entity4 , and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that @entity7 , @entity8 , and @entity9 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as @entity0 ' ages and the duration of @entity5 increased. We conclude that the most important role that @entity7 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and @entity1 in the extracellular matrix. An increase in @entity7 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in @entity2 of the @entity5 . An increase of @entity8 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth.

title: The role of @entity7 , @entity8 , and @entity9 in the pathogenesis of XXXX : Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Selection of the best oocyte for subsequent steps of fertilization and embryo transfer was shown to be the crucial step in @entity0 @entity2 treatment procedure. Oocyte selection using morphological criteria mainly Zona pellucida (ZP) has been the gold standard method in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) clinics, but this selection approach has limitations in terms of accuracy, objectivity and constancy. Recent studies using OMICs-based approaches have allowed the identification of key molecular markers that quantitatively and non-invasively predict the oocyte quality for higher pregnancy rates and efficient @entity2 treatment. These biomarkers are a valuable reinforcement of the morphological selection criteria widely used in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) clinics. In this context, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between transcriptomic predictors of oocyte quality found by our group and the conventional morphological parameters of oocyte quality mainly the ZP birefringence. RESULTS: Microarray data revealed that 48 and 27 differentially expressed candidate genes in cumulus cells (CCs) were respectively overexpressed and underexpressed in the ZGP (Zona Good Pregnant) versus ZBNP (Zona Bad Non Pregnant) groups. More than 70% of previously reported transcriptomic biomarkers of oocyte developmental competence were confirmed in this study. The analysis of possible association between ZP birefringence versus molecular markers approach showed an absence of correlation between them using the current set of markers. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested a new integrative approach that matches morphological and molecular approaches used to select developmentally competent oocytes able to lead to successful pregnancy and the delivery of healthy baby. For each ZP birefringence score, oocytes displayed a particular CCs' gene expression pattern. However, no correlations were found between the 7 gene biomarkers of oocyte developmental potential and the ZP birefringence score. Further studies using larger lists of candidate markers are required to identify suitable genes that are highly correlated with the morphological criteria, and therefore able to reinforce the accuracy of oocyte selection and the effectiveness of @entity2 treatment.

title: Use of both cumulus cells' transcriptomic markers and zona pellucida birefringence to select developmentally competent oocytes in XXXX assisted reproductive technologies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Owing toGiven the high costs of drugs to treat @entity3 ( @entity3 ), the Green Light Committee (GLC) initiative enables @entity2 programs to procure quality-assured drugs at reduced prices. Despite price reductions, internationally quality assured (IQA) drugs can be more expensive than locally procured drugs. There is little evidence to inform decision-makers about whether IQA drugs are more effective than local drugs. This is the first study to compare outcomes between @entity3 @entity0 treated using IQA, and locally procured drugs in the same hospitals during the same time period. METHODS/FINDINGS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in three hospitals across Pakistan. Data on baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes during the first six months of treatment were extracted from hospital records of adult culture-positive pulmonary @entity3 @entity0 starting treatment between January 2011 and June 2012. Two cohorts were defined: @entity0 receiving IQA drugs, and @entity0 receiving locally procured non-IQA drugs. Data were analysed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression. The primary outcome compared between cohorts was time to culture conversion. Of 231 @entity0 , 90 were in the IQA and 141 in the non-IQA cohorts. Baseline characteristics were similar except for higher frequency of @entity1 resistance in the IQA cohort. Overall, 193 @entity0 (84%) culture converted. Culture conversion was not faster in the IQA cohort; the median time was 81 and 68 days in the IQA and non-IQA cohorts, respectively. Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for culture conversion in IQA verses non-IQA cohorts were 0.82 (95%-CI, 0.62-1.10) and 0.95 (95%-CI, 0.66-1.36) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Use of good quality, locally procured drugs can be effective in treating @entity3 , may involve lower costs than using IQA drugs and could strengthen developing country drug quality assurance systems. This may be a suitable alternative in lieu of or whilst awaiting arrival of internationally procured medicines.

title: Good quality locally procured drugs can be as effective as internationally quality assured drugs in treating XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: MRI sensitively depicts @entity5 , @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Recently developed European League Against @entity4 (EULAR) recommendations stated that MRI is valuable to improve the certainty of a considered diagnosis and to detect structural damage at an early time point. However, these recommendations were mainly based on the data of @entity0 with @entity2 ; prevalences of MRI features in the general population were not extensively explored. We reviewed the literature on MRI studies including symptom-free @entity0 to assess the occurrence of MRI features. METHODS: Medical literature databases up to September 2013 were systematically reviewed for symptom-free @entity0 with MRI data on metacarpophalangeal, wrist and @entity6 . Data were extracted and summarised. When allowed because of comparable scanning and scoring protocols, a mean frequency of features was calculated. RESULTS: Of the 338 articles screened, 31 studies evaluated MRI findings in symptom-free @entity0 (n=516 in total). Both the imaging techniques (<1/>= 1   T, with/without contrast enhancement) and the scoring methods (non-validated or @entity2 MRI score (RAMRIS)) varied widely, prohibiting direct comparisons of the results of many studies. 15 studies scored data according to RAMRIS; combining data of similar joint regions showed that @entity5 (RAMRIS >= 1) were present in 33-52% of symptom-free @entity0 . Similarly, @entity3 was present in 27% and @entity1 in 0-16% of symptom-free @entity0 . The prevalence of MRI-detected @entity5 increased with age. CONCLUSIONS: MRI features, @entity5 in particular, occur frequently in symptom-free @entity0 . Before MRI can be implemented in the diagnostic process, larger studies should be conducted determining the degree and combination of MRI features that are disease specific.

title: What is the prevalence of MRI-detected inflammation and XXXX in small joints in the general population? A collation and analysis of published data.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Central nervous system (CNS) involvement by @entity3 is well-recognized and typically presents with multifocal solid @entity3 within the brain @entity9 . We describe herein a histologically very rare case of CNS @entity2 in a 52-year-old @entity1 who presented with mental status changes. Post mortem examination revealed extensive CNS involvement by metastatic @entity0 , characterized by the presence of @entity3 cells diffusely present within capillaries without parenchymal or perivascular invasion, and acute ischemic changes/ @entity5 bilaterally involving multiple areas. The @entity3 cells were found predominantly in the cerebral cortices and deep gray matter structures. Pre-mortem magnetic resonance and CT imaging of the brain did not identify @entity3 ; however, widespread ischemic changes (i.e. @entity6 ) were identified. Inflammatory @entity0 is well-known to have a predilection for spread through lymphovascular spaces. Post mortem examination revealed @entity3 involvement of bilateral lungs, heart and bladder, with sinusoidal spread in the liver and lymph nodes and prominent involvement of the splenic red pulp in addition to extensive vascular involvement of the brain and spinal cord without a discrete mass, despite the presence of widely metastatic disease. The @entity3 cells in the CNS were strongly immunoreactive for pancytokeratin, @entity8 , @entity7 , epithelial membrane antigen and CAM 5.2. This unique histologic pattern of @entity3 spread is considered to represent "intravascular @entity4 " in the CNS, and most likely the cause of the @entity1 's widespread ischemic injuries.

title: Intravascular @entity4 of central nervous system due to metastatic XXXX : A case report.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Central nervous system (CNS) involvement by @entity3 is well-recognized and typically presents with multifocal solid @entity3 within the brain @entity9 . We describe herein a histologically very rare case of CNS @entity2 in a 52-year-old @entity1 who presented with mental status changes. Post mortem examination revealed extensive CNS involvement by metastatic @entity0 , characterized by the presence of @entity3 cells diffusely present within capillaries without parenchymal or perivascular invasion, and acute ischemic changes/ @entity5 bilaterally involving multiple areas. The @entity3 cells were found predominantly in the cerebral cortices and deep gray matter structures. Pre-mortem magnetic resonance and CT imaging of the brain did not identify @entity3 ; however, widespread ischemic changes (i.e. @entity6 ) were identified. Inflammatory @entity0 is well-known to have a predilection for spread through lymphovascular spaces. Post mortem examination revealed @entity3 involvement of bilateral lungs, heart and bladder, with sinusoidal spread in the liver and lymph nodes and prominent involvement of the splenic red pulp in addition to extensive vascular involvement of the brain and spinal cord without a discrete mass, despite the presence of widely metastatic disease. The @entity3 cells in the CNS were strongly immunoreactive for pancytokeratin, @entity8 , @entity7 , epithelial membrane antigen and CAM 5.2. This unique histologic pattern of @entity3 spread is considered to represent "intravascular @entity4 " in the CNS, and most likely the cause of the @entity1 's widespread ischemic injuries.

title: Intravascular XXXX of central nervous system due to metastatic @entity0 : A case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Fatigue is prevalent and disabling in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Surprisingly, the long-term course of @entity3 is studied seldom and it is unclear to what extent it is influenced by @entity1 . This study aimed to determine the course of @entity3 during 8   years follow-up, its association with the severity of @entity1 and the effect of improved treatment strategies. METHODS: 626 @entity0 with @entity2 included in the Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic cohort were studied during 8   years. Fatigue severity, measured on a 0-100   mm scale, and other clinical variables were assessed yearly. @entity0 included in 1993-1995, 1996-1998 and 1999-2007 were treated with delayed treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), early treatment with mild DMARDs and early treatment with @entity4 respectively. After multiple imputation, the serial measurements were analysed using linear quantile mixed models. RESULTS: Median @entity3 severity at baseline was 45   mm and remained, despite treatment, rather stable thereafter. Female gender (effect size=4.4   mm), younger age (0.2   mm less @entity3 /year), higher swollen and tender joint counts (0.3   mm and 1.0   mm more @entity3 /swollen or tender joint) and @entity5 -levels (0.1   mm more @entity3 per mg/L) were independently and significantly (p<0.05) associated with @entity3 severity over 8   years. Although improved treatment strategies associated with less severe radiographic progression, there was no effect on @entity3 severity (p=0.96). CONCLUSIONS: This largest longitudinal study on @entity3 so far demonstrated that the association between @entity1 and @entity3 is statistically significant but effect sizes are small, suggesting that non-inflammatory pathways mediate @entity3 as well. Improved treatment strategies did not result in less severe @entity3 . Therefore, @entity3 in @entity2 remains an 'unmet need'.

title: Fatigue in XXXX ; a persistent problem: a large longitudinal study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) injection for knee @entity2 (KOA) is debated. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of @entity3 for @entity0 with KOA by analysing data from trials of @entity3 versus placebo with low risk of bias, to provide the highest level of evidence. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a low risk of bias (adequate randomisation and concealment and double-blind design) that investigated @entity3 versus placebo (saline solution) injection were eligible. The primary efficacy measure was @entity1 intensity and secondary outcome function at 3   months. The treatment effect was summarised with the standardised mean difference (SMD) calculated from differences in means of @entity1 and function measures between treatment and control groups at 3   months. Trials were pooled by a random-effects model with DerSimonian and Laird weights. Statistical heterogeneity was explored by a visual exploration of forest plots and the I(2) statistic. RESULTS: A total of eight RCTs (2 199 randomised @entity0 ) met our inclusion criteria. @entity3 significantly reduced the @entity1 intensity (SMD=-0.21, 95% CI (95% CI) -0.32 to -0.10) and improved function (SMD=-0.12, 95% CI -0.22 to -0.02). Trials showed no heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis of high-quality trials of @entity3 versus placebo shows that @entity3 provides a moderate but real benefit for @entity0 with KOA.

title: Hyaluronan for knee XXXX : an updated meta-analysis of trials with low risk of bias.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Terpenoids demonstrate pharmacologic activities that address important mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of several cutaneous diseases. This review evaluated clinical trials of dermatology-specific terpenoid-based treatments. METHODS: PubMed and EMBASE were reviewed on July 8, 2014. Two independent reviewers reviewed studies for inclusion and extracted data for studies meeting eligibility criteria. References were manually reviewed for potentially relevant studies. RESULTS: The search yielded 437 unique abstracts, of which 13 met inclusion and exclusion criteria. High-quality evidence suggests that @entity6 may be effective in treating @entity3 . Limited available evidence indicates that @entity4 may benefit @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity2 , photoaging, and wounds. CONCLUSIONS: Terpenoids appear to be effective in treating specific dermatologic conditions. However, additional rigorously conducted clinical trials are needed to better ascertain efficacy.

title: Novel Use of XXXX for Treatment of Dermatologic Diseases: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity3 and @entity5 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity4 @entity0 after first-line @entity1 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity0 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity0 ), @entity2 were evenly distributed except for @entity2 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity0 ), @entity2 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity0 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity2 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity2 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity2 are not considered dose-limiting @entity2 . The compliance issues caused by @entity2 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity2 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity3 / @entity3 and @entity5 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity0 with metastatic XXXX after @entity1 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity3 and @entity5 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity4 @entity0 after first-line @entity1 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity0 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity0 ), @entity2 were evenly distributed except for @entity2 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity0 ), @entity2 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity0 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity2 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity2 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity2 are not considered dose-limiting @entity2 . The compliance issues caused by @entity2 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity2 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity3 / @entity3 and XXXX with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity0 with metastatic @entity4 after @entity1 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity3 and @entity5 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity4 @entity0 after first-line @entity1 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity0 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity0 ), @entity2 were evenly distributed except for @entity2 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity0 ), @entity2 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity0 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity2 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity2 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity2 are not considered dose-limiting @entity2 . The compliance issues caused by @entity2 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity2 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity3 / @entity3 and @entity5 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity0 with metastatic @entity4 after XXXX failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity3 and @entity5 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity4 @entity0 after first-line @entity1 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity0 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity0 ), @entity2 were evenly distributed except for @entity2 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity0 ), @entity2 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity0 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity2 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity2 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity2 are not considered dose-limiting @entity2 . The compliance issues caused by @entity2 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity2 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of XXXX / @entity3 and @entity5 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity0 with metastatic @entity4 after @entity1 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity3 and @entity5 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity4 @entity0 after first-line @entity1 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity0 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity0 ), @entity2 were evenly distributed except for @entity2 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity0 ), @entity2 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity0 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity2 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity2 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity2 are not considered dose-limiting @entity2 . The compliance issues caused by @entity2 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity2 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity3 / XXXX and @entity5 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in @entity0 with metastatic @entity4 after @entity1 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To improve treatment efficacy, we decided to simultaneously target @entity3 and @entity5 with trastuzumab and cetuximab. Following promising preclinical results, we conducted a phase 1-2 trial in advanced @entity4 @entity0 after first-line @entity1 -based chemotherapy failure. In this single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter trial, @entity0 received weekly cetuximab (400mg/m  , then 250mg/m  ). They were sequentially included in two trastuzumab dose levels: 3.0 or 4.0mg/kg, then 1.5 or 2.0mg/kg/weekly. Endpoints were the objective response rate, safety, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). During phase 1 (n=10 @entity0 ), @entity2 were evenly distributed except for @entity2 that frequently caused compliance issues. The higher dose level was defined as the trastuzumab recommended dose. During phase 2 (n=39 @entity0 ), @entity2 were mainly cutaneous reactions and asthenia. No objective response was observed. Nine @entity0 were stabilized but arrested treatment due to @entity2 . Median PFS was 1.8 months (95%CI: 1.7-2.0 months) and median OS was 4.6 months (95%CI: 2.7-6.6 months). Both were positively correlated with @entity2 severity (P=0.027 and P=0.001, respectively). Conventional phase 1 dose-escalation schedules are unsuitable for targeted therapies because most cutaneous @entity2 are not considered dose-limiting @entity2 . The compliance issues caused by @entity2 were particularly detrimental because of the @entity2 -response correlation.

title: Dual targeting of @entity3 / @entity3 and @entity5 with cetuximab and trastuzumab in XXXX with metastatic @entity4 after @entity1 failure: results of the "THERAPY"phase 1-2 trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Dramatic improvements in the outcomes of @entity0 with @entity1 have occurred over the past 30 years. Advances in surgical pathology, refinements in surgical techniques and instrumentation, new imaging modalities, and the widespread use of neoadjuvant therapy have all contributed to these improvements. Several questions emerge as we learn of the benefits or lack thereof for components of the current multimodality treatment in subgroups of @entity0 with nonmetastatic locally advanced @entity1 (LARC). What is the optimal surgical technique for @entity1 ? Do all @entity0 need postoperative chemotherapy? Do all @entity0 need radiation? Do all @entity0 need surgery, or is a nonoperative, organ-preserving approach warranted in selected @entity0 ? Answering these questions will lead to more precise treatment regimens, based on @entity0 and @entity1 characteristics, that will improve outcomes while preserving quality of life. However, the idea of shifting the treatment paradigm (chemoradiotherapy, total mesorectal excision, and adjuvant therapy) currently applied to all @entity0 with LARC to a more individually tailored approach is controversial. The paradigm shift toward organ preservation in highly selected @entity0 whose @entity1 demonstrate clinical complete response to neoadjuvant treatment is also controversial. Herein, we highlight many of the advances and resultant controversies that are likely to dominate the research agenda for LARC in the modern era.

title: Advances and challenges in treatment of locally advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a vasopressin peptide analog with hemostatic properties that has been successfully used during surgery in @entity0 with @entity4 . Recently published experimental and clinical data indicate that perioperative administration of @entity5 can minimize spread and survival of residual mammary @entity1 cells. The central aim of this study was to explore the effect of perioperative @entity5 and its relation to histologic grade in bitches with locally advanced @entity2 . Of the 32 @entity3 initially recruited, 28 intact bitches with @entity2 tumors stage III or IV were ultimately included. These @entity3 were randomized to receive @entity5 at intravenous doses of 1  g/kg (n=18) or saline solution as placebo (n=10). En bloc mastectomy of the affected gland(s) was performed. @entity1 was graded by the method of Elston and Ellis into well-differentiated (grade 1), moderately differentiated (grade 2), or poorly differentiated (grade 3). @entity5 therapy significantly prolonged the disease-free survival (P<0.001) and overall survival (P<0.01) in bitches with grade 2 or 3 @entity2 compared with bitches in the control group. No significant difference in disease-free period or overall survival was found between treatment groups in bitches with grade 1 @entity1 . The present data suggest that @entity5 may be an excellent candidate as a surgical adjuvant in the management of @entity1 in small animals. More research in this field is warranted.

title: Effect of adjuvant perioperative desmopressin in locally advanced @entity3 XXXX and its relation to histologic grade.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a vasopressin peptide analog with hemostatic properties that has been successfully used during surgery in @entity0 with @entity4 . Recently published experimental and clinical data indicate that perioperative administration of @entity5 can minimize spread and survival of residual mammary @entity1 cells. The central aim of this study was to explore the effect of perioperative @entity5 and its relation to histologic grade in bitches with locally advanced @entity2 . Of the 32 @entity3 initially recruited, 28 intact bitches with @entity2 tumors stage III or IV were ultimately included. These @entity3 were randomized to receive @entity5 at intravenous doses of 1  g/kg (n=18) or saline solution as placebo (n=10). En bloc mastectomy of the affected gland(s) was performed. @entity1 was graded by the method of Elston and Ellis into well-differentiated (grade 1), moderately differentiated (grade 2), or poorly differentiated (grade 3). @entity5 therapy significantly prolonged the disease-free survival (P<0.001) and overall survival (P<0.01) in bitches with grade 2 or 3 @entity2 compared with bitches in the control group. No significant difference in disease-free period or overall survival was found between treatment groups in bitches with grade 1 @entity1 . The present data suggest that @entity5 may be an excellent candidate as a surgical adjuvant in the management of @entity1 in small animals. More research in this field is warranted.

title: Effect of adjuvant perioperative desmopressin in locally advanced XXXX @entity2 and its relation to histologic grade.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A retrospective study was conducted to assess alimentary tract involvement in 140 Saudi @entity0 with @entity11 . A brucella standard agglutination titer of 160 or over was considered to be positive evidence of @entity2 . The commonest symptoms were @entity6 , @entity3 , right @entity1 , and @entity8 . A history of raw milk ingestion was obtained in 38 @entity0 . Thirty-nine @entity0 had @entity5 , 21 had @entity4 , and six had signs of @entity9 . @entity7 was elevated in eight @entity0 ; one or more of the liver enzyme activities studied were elevated in 75 @entity0 . Four of the 14 liver biopsies performed revealed Brucella microgranulomata. Abdominal ultrasound studies were abnormal in 29 of 46 @entity0 . Thirty @entity0 had a normal upper or lower gastrointestinal tract endoscopy. Blood cultures from 18 @entity0 were incubated for six to eight weeks, with @entity12 isolated from five. Sixty-seven @entity0 (47.86%) received effective treatment for @entity10 with improvement in the symptoms, signs and liver functions. Brucellosis is relatively common in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and efforts should be taken to control and possibly eradicate this disease.

title: Alimentary tract presentations of XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prediction of response and @entity2 of chemotherapy can help personalize the treatment and choose effective yet non-toxic treatment regimen for a @entity0 @entity1 . Interplay of variations in various drug-metabolizing enzyme (DME)-encoding genes results in variable response and @entity2 of chemotherapeutic drugs. Generalized multi-analytical (GMDR) approach was used to determine the influence of the combination of variants of genes encoding phase 0 ( @entity14 ); phase I (CYP450, @entity6 ); phase II ( @entity13 , @entity9 , @entity12 ); and phase III ( @entity3 ) DMEs along with confounding factors on the response and @entity2 of chemotherapeutic drugs in @entity0 @entity1 . METHODS: In an Indian @entity0 @entity1 cohort (n  =  234), response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (n  =  111) and grade 2-4 @entity2 to chemotherapy were recorded. @entity1 were genotyped for 19 polymorphisms selected in four phases of DMEs by PCR or PCR-RFLP or Taqman allelic discrimination assay. Binary logistic regression and GMDR analysis was performed. Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons was applied, and p value was considered to be significant at <0.025. RESULTS: For @entity3 @entity7 polymorphism, CT genotype was found to be significantly associated with response to @entity10 in uni-variate and multi-variate analysis (p  =  0.018; p  =  0.013). The TT genotype of @entity6 @entity11 had a significant association with (absence of) grade 2-4 @entity2 in uni-variate analysis (p  =  0.021), but a non-significant correlation in multi-variate analysis. In GMDR analysis, interaction of @entity5 *3, @entity6 @entity11 , and @entity3 @entity7 polymorphisms yielded the highest testing accuracy for response to @entity10 (CVT  =  0.62). However, for grade 2-4 @entity2 , @entity4 *2 and @entity3 @entity8 polymorphisms yielded the best interaction model (CVT  =  0.57). CONCLUSION: This pharmacogenetic study suggests a role of higher order gene-gene interaction of DME-encoding genes, along with confounding factors, in determination of treatment outcomes and @entity2 in @entity0 @entity1 . This can be used as a potential objective tool for individualizing @entity0 chemotherapy with high efficacy and low @entity2 .

title: Generalized Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (GMDR) Analysis of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme-Encoding Gene Polymorphisms may Predict Treatment Outcomes in Indian XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prediction of response and @entity2 of chemotherapy can help personalize the treatment and choose effective yet non-toxic treatment regimen for a @entity0 @entity1 . Interplay of variations in various drug-metabolizing enzyme (DME)-encoding genes results in variable response and @entity2 of chemotherapeutic drugs. Generalized multi-analytical (GMDR) approach was used to determine the influence of the combination of variants of genes encoding phase 0 ( @entity14 ); phase I (CYP450, @entity6 ); phase II ( @entity13 , @entity9 , @entity12 ); and phase III ( @entity3 ) DMEs along with confounding factors on the response and @entity2 of chemotherapeutic drugs in @entity0 @entity1 . METHODS: In an Indian @entity0 @entity1 cohort (n  =  234), response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (n  =  111) and grade 2-4 @entity2 to chemotherapy were recorded. @entity1 were genotyped for 19 polymorphisms selected in four phases of DMEs by PCR or PCR-RFLP or Taqman allelic discrimination assay. Binary logistic regression and GMDR analysis was performed. Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons was applied, and p value was considered to be significant at <0.025. RESULTS: For @entity3 @entity7 polymorphism, CT genotype was found to be significantly associated with response to @entity10 in uni-variate and multi-variate analysis (p  =  0.018; p  =  0.013). The TT genotype of @entity6 @entity11 had a significant association with (absence of) grade 2-4 @entity2 in uni-variate analysis (p  =  0.021), but a non-significant correlation in multi-variate analysis. In GMDR analysis, interaction of @entity5 *3, @entity6 @entity11 , and @entity3 @entity7 polymorphisms yielded the highest testing accuracy for response to @entity10 (CVT  =  0.62). However, for grade 2-4 @entity2 , @entity4 *2 and @entity3 @entity8 polymorphisms yielded the best interaction model (CVT  =  0.57). CONCLUSION: This pharmacogenetic study suggests a role of higher order gene-gene interaction of DME-encoding genes, along with confounding factors, in determination of treatment outcomes and @entity2 in @entity0 @entity1 . This can be used as a potential objective tool for individualizing @entity0 chemotherapy with high efficacy and low @entity2 .

title: Generalized Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (GMDR) Analysis of Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme-Encoding Gene Polymorphisms may Predict Treatment Outcomes in Indian @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study investigated the epidemiology of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in hemodialysis @entity0 and analyzed the influences of @entity2 on the formation of oral tori. METHOD: During 2013, 119 hemodialysis @entity0 were recruited for dental examinations for this study. RESULTS: The prevalence of oral tori in our sample group was high at 33.6% (40 of 119). The most common location of tori was @entity4 (70.0%), followed by @entity4 (20.0%), and then both @entity4 and @entity4 (10.0%). Of the 40 tori cases, most (67.5%) were <2 cm in size; moreover, the majority (52.5%) were flat in shape. In symmetry, most (70.0%) occurred in the midline, followed by bilateral sides (20.0%). Notably, the levels of intact parathyroid hormone did not differ in @entity0 with or without tori (P = 0.611). Furthermore, @entity0 with tori did not differ from @entity0 without tori in inflammatory variables such as log high-sensitivity @entity1 (P = 1.000) or nutritional variables such as albumin (P = 0.247). Finally, there were no differences between @entity0 with and without tori in adequacy of dialysis (P = 0.577). CONCLUSIONS: Neither @entity2 nor inflammation @entity3 was found to contribute to the formation of oral tori in chronic hemodialysis @entity0 . Further studies are warranted.

title: Oral tori in chronic hemodialysis XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In many instances of extensive @entity0 , the injured nerve never adequately heals leaving lack of nerve function. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) has been shown to increase the rate and orient the direction of neurite growth, and is a promising therapy. However, the mechanism in which @entity6 affects neuronal growth is not understood, making it difficult to compare existing @entity6 protocols or to design and optimize new protocols. We hypothesize that @entity6 acts by elevating intracellular @entity2 ([ @entity1 ]i) via opening voltage-dependent @entity1 channels (VDCCs). Here, we have created a computer model to estimate the @entity6 @entity1 relationship. Using COMSOL Multiphysics, we modeled a small dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron that includes one @entity5 , two @entity4 , and three VDCCs to estimate [ @entity1 ]i in the soma and growth cone. As expected, the results show that an @entity6 that generates action potentials (APs) can efficiently raise the [ @entity1 ]i of neurons. More interestingly, our simulation results show that sub-AP @entity6 can efficiently raise neuronal [ @entity1 ]i, and that specific high voltage @entity6 can preferentially raise [ @entity1 ]i in the growth cone. The intensities and durations of @entity6 on modeled growth cone @entity2 rise are consistent with directionality and orientation of growth cones experimentally shown by others. Finally, this model provides a basis to design experimental @entity6 pulse parameters, including duration, intensity, pulse-train frequency, and pulse-train duration to efficiently raise [ @entity1 ]i in @entity3 or growth cones.

title: Computational Modeling of Neurons: Intensity-Duration Relationship of Extracellular Electrical Stimulation for Changes in Intracellular XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent developments in high-throughput sequencing techniques have enabled large scale analysis of genetic variations and gene expression in different tissues and species, but gene expression patterns and genetic variations in livestock are not well characterized. In this study we have used high-throughput transcriptomic sequencing of the Finnish Large White to identify gene expression patterns and coding polymorphisms within the breed in the testis and oviduct. The main objective of this study was to identify polymorphisms within genes that are highly and specifically expressed in male and/or female reproductive organs. The differential expression (DE) analysis underlined 1,234 genes highly expressed in the testis and 1,501 in the oviduct. Furthermore, we used a novel in-house R-package hoardeR for the identification of novel genes and their orthologs, which underlined 55 additional DE genes based on orthologs in the @entity0 , @entity1 and @entity2 . Identification of polymorphisms in the dataset resulted in a total of 29,973 variants of which 10,704 were known coding variants. 57 nonsynonymous SNPs were present among genes with high expression in the testis and 67 in the oviduct underlining possible influential genes for reproduction traits. Seven genes ( @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity10 ) with polymorphisms were highlighted as reproduction related based on their biological function. The expression and SNPs of these genes were confirmed using RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. The identified nonsynonymous mutations within genes highly expressed in the testis or oviduct provide a list of candidate genes for reproduction traits within the @entity3 population and enable identification of biomarkers for sow and boar fertility.

title: Identification of Reproduction Related Gene Polymorphisms Using Whole Transcriptome Sequencing in the Large White XXXX Population.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adhesions due to pelvic/abdominal surgery are a common serious pathology possibly entailing severe complications. This study investigates the adhesion prevention capability of the novel starch-based agent 4DryField   PH, which together with saline solution forms a barrier gel. Herein, an optimized adhesion model (OPAM) inducing severe @entity2 /agglutinations with high reproducibility was used. METHODS: In 19 Lewis @entity0 , a 1 * 2 cm abdominal wall defect was created, the peritoneum of the neighboring cecum was abraded, and both injured areas were approximated by suture. @entity0 were randomized to control (n = 10) or 4DryField PH treatment (n = 9) groups. Another 8 @entity0 had sham surgery for safety assessment of 4DryField PH. At day 7, the quantity and quality of @entity2 were assessed macro-/microscopically and evaluated statistically. RESULTS: 4DryField PH treatment significantly reduced the incidence and severity of @entity2 as verified by significantly improved adhesion scorings (0.4 vs. 4.5; 1.1 vs. 9). Histology revealed reconstitution of the cecum and abdominal wall including regeneration of the visceral/parietal peritoneum. In sham-operated @entity0 , 4DryField PH did not induce adhesion formation. CONCLUSIONS: 4DryField PH gel was highly effective in preventing @entity2 . Histologically, the injured cecum and abdominal wall regenerated well in the presence of 4DryField PH. Considering the severity of OPAM @entity1 , the potential of 4DryField PH to prevent @entity2 can be rated excellent.

title: Evaluation of 4DryField   PH as Adhesion Prevention Barrier Tested in an Optimized Adhesion Model in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The exonic single-nucleotide variant @entity5 located in the MET oncogene has recently been identified as a prognostic marker in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). This finding was validated with The @entity1 (TCGA) cohort, and the biologic implications were explored. METHODS: The genotype status for @entity5 was available for 272 @entity0 . @entity1 -normal data, genomic data, and clinical information were acquired from @entity3 TCGA data sets. @entity1 -specific survival (CSS) was analyzed with the competing risk method, and Cox proportional hazards regression was used for the analysis of the time to recurrence (TTR). Multivariate competing risk models were fitted to adjust for the validated Mayo Clinic Stage, Size, Grade, and @entity2 (SSIGN) score. RESULTS: The variant allele of @entity5 was detected in 10.3% of the cohort. After adjustments for the SSIGN score, the risk allele remained a significant predictor for adverse CSS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99-7.56; P   <   .0001) and for TTR (OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.43-6.2; P   =   .003). The mapping of @entity5 to regulatory regions within the genome suggested that it might affect a DNA @entity4 region. RNA and protein sequencing data for MET did not reveal differences in steady-state expression with stratification by risk allele. CONCLUSIONS: The exonic MET variant @entity5 is an independent predictor of adverse CSS and TTR in @entity3 and should be integrated into clinical practice for prognostic stratification. Genomic analysis suggests that the single-nucleotide polymorphism may affect an @entity4 region located in the coding region of MET. Further biological mechanistic interrogation is currently underway. @entity1 2016;122:402-410.    2015 American @entity1 Society.

title: Validation and genomic interrogation of the MET variant @entity5 as a predictor of adverse outcomes in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The exonic single-nucleotide variant @entity5 located in the MET oncogene has recently been identified as a prognostic marker in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). This finding was validated with The @entity1 (TCGA) cohort, and the biologic implications were explored. METHODS: The genotype status for @entity5 was available for 272 @entity0 . @entity1 -normal data, genomic data, and clinical information were acquired from @entity3 TCGA data sets. @entity1 -specific survival (CSS) was analyzed with the competing risk method, and Cox proportional hazards regression was used for the analysis of the time to recurrence (TTR). Multivariate competing risk models were fitted to adjust for the validated Mayo Clinic Stage, Size, Grade, and @entity2 (SSIGN) score. RESULTS: The variant allele of @entity5 was detected in 10.3% of the cohort. After adjustments for the SSIGN score, the risk allele remained a significant predictor for adverse CSS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99-7.56; P   <   .0001) and for TTR (OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.43-6.2; P   =   .003). The mapping of @entity5 to regulatory regions within the genome suggested that it might affect a DNA @entity4 region. RNA and protein sequencing data for MET did not reveal differences in steady-state expression with stratification by risk allele. CONCLUSIONS: The exonic MET variant @entity5 is an independent predictor of adverse CSS and TTR in @entity3 and should be integrated into clinical practice for prognostic stratification. Genomic analysis suggests that the single-nucleotide polymorphism may affect an @entity4 region located in the coding region of MET. Further biological mechanistic interrogation is currently underway. @entity1 2016;122:402-410.    2015 American @entity1 Society.

title: Validation and genomic interrogation of the MET variant XXXX as a predictor of adverse outcomes in @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 at 2 unrelated centers and to determine preoperative factors relevant to the outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2007 to January 2014, a total of 64 @entity0 with @entity1 following radical prostatectomy were treated with @entity2 at 2 centers. @entity0 were evaluated based on medical history, daily pad usage, urodynamics, and cystoscopy. The clinical outcome was evaluated according to daily pad usage and questionnaires. Success was defined according to reductions in the number of pads used per day after surgery, and factors related to surgical outcome were investigated. RESULTS: The median age of the @entity0 was 70 years (range: 53-84), and the mean follow-up duration was 46.0        19.47 months (range: 12-89). During follow-up, readjustment of the sling was required 1.9 times on average. Daily pad usage decreased significantly from 3.42        2.00 to 0.84        1.20 (P   <.001), and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form score improved (18.65        2.61 to 10.55        6.21, P   <.001) without deterioration of voiding symptoms at the last follow-up. @entity2 was successful in 46 of 64 @entity0 (71.9%). Of the 18 @entity0 who experienced surgical failure, 12 @entity0 required secondary artificial urethral sphincter implantation. The number of daily used pads (odds ratio 1.414) and a history of pelvic irradiation (odds ratio 8.400) were potential risk factors for surgical failure. CONCLUSION: According to our midterm follow-up data, @entity2 is an effective and a safe treatment option for radiation-na  ve @entity0 with a mild degree of @entity1 .

title: XXXX ( @entity2 ) System for Postprostatectomy Incontinence: Experiences of 2 Centers.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 at 2 unrelated centers and to determine preoperative factors relevant to the outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2007 to January 2014, a total of 64 @entity0 with @entity1 following radical prostatectomy were treated with @entity2 at 2 centers. @entity0 were evaluated based on medical history, daily pad usage, urodynamics, and cystoscopy. The clinical outcome was evaluated according to daily pad usage and questionnaires. Success was defined according to reductions in the number of pads used per day after surgery, and factors related to surgical outcome were investigated. RESULTS: The median age of the @entity0 was 70 years (range: 53-84), and the mean follow-up duration was 46.0        19.47 months (range: 12-89). During follow-up, readjustment of the sling was required 1.9 times on average. Daily pad usage decreased significantly from 3.42        2.00 to 0.84        1.20 (P   <.001), and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form score improved (18.65        2.61 to 10.55        6.21, P   <.001) without deterioration of voiding symptoms at the last follow-up. @entity2 was successful in 46 of 64 @entity0 (71.9%). Of the 18 @entity0 who experienced surgical failure, 12 @entity0 required secondary artificial urethral sphincter implantation. The number of daily used pads (odds ratio 1.414) and a history of pelvic irradiation (odds ratio 8.400) were potential risk factors for surgical failure. CONCLUSION: According to our midterm follow-up data, @entity2 is an effective and a safe treatment option for radiation-na  ve @entity0 with a mild degree of @entity1 .

title: @entity2 ( XXXX ) System for Postprostatectomy Incontinence: Experiences of 2 Centers.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This prospective, multicenter phase I/II study of unmanipulated HLA-haploidentical reduced-intensity stem cell  transplantation using a low dose of anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATG) and @entity2 was conducted in 5 institutions in Japan. Thirty-four @entity0 with @entity4 who were in an advanced stage or at a high risk of relapse at the time of transplantation were enrolled. Among them, 7 @entity0 underwent transplantation as a second transplantation because of relapse after the previous allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The conditioning regimen consisted of @entity8 , @entity6 , and ATG (Fresenius, 8 mg/kg), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) prophylaxis consisted of @entity3 and @entity5 (1 mg/kg). All @entity0 except 1 (97.1%) achieved donor-type engraftment. Rapid hematopoietic engraftment was achieved, with neutrophils > .5  * 10(9)/L on day 11 and platelets > 20  * 10(9)/L on day 17.5. Treatment was started for >= grade I @entity7 , and the cumulative incidences of acute grade I and grade II to IV @entity7 were 27.5% and 30.7%, respectively. The incidence of chronic @entity7 (extensive type) was 20%. Fourteen @entity0 (41.2%) had a relapse. The cumulative incidence of transplantation-related mortality at 1 year after transplantation was 26.5%. The  survival rate at day 100 was 88.2%. The survival rates at 1 year for @entity0 with complete remission (CR)/chronic phase (n  = 8) and non-CR (n  = 26) status before transplantation were 62.5% and 42.3%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, non-CR status before transplantation was the only factor significant prognostic factor of increased relapse (P  = .0424), which tended to be associated with a lower survival rate (P  =  .0524). This transplantation protocol is safe and feasible, if a suitable donor is not available in a timely manner. As the main cause of @entity1 was relapse and not @entity7 , more intensified conditioning or attenuation of @entity7 prophylaxis and/or donor lymphocyte infusion may be desirable for @entity0 with non-CR status.

title: Unmanipulated Haploidentical Reduced-Intensity Stem Cell Transplantation Using XXXX , @entity6 , Low-Dose Antithymocyte Globulin, and Steroids for @entity0 in Non-Complete Remission or at High Risk of Relapse: A Prospective Multicenter Phase I/II Study in Japan.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This prospective, multicenter phase I/II study of unmanipulated HLA-haploidentical reduced-intensity stem cell  transplantation using a low dose of anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATG) and @entity2 was conducted in 5 institutions in Japan. Thirty-four @entity0 with @entity4 who were in an advanced stage or at a high risk of relapse at the time of transplantation were enrolled. Among them, 7 @entity0 underwent transplantation as a second transplantation because of relapse after the previous allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The conditioning regimen consisted of @entity8 , @entity6 , and ATG (Fresenius, 8 mg/kg), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) prophylaxis consisted of @entity3 and @entity5 (1 mg/kg). All @entity0 except 1 (97.1%) achieved donor-type engraftment. Rapid hematopoietic engraftment was achieved, with neutrophils > .5  * 10(9)/L on day 11 and platelets > 20  * 10(9)/L on day 17.5. Treatment was started for >= grade I @entity7 , and the cumulative incidences of acute grade I and grade II to IV @entity7 were 27.5% and 30.7%, respectively. The incidence of chronic @entity7 (extensive type) was 20%. Fourteen @entity0 (41.2%) had a relapse. The cumulative incidence of transplantation-related mortality at 1 year after transplantation was 26.5%. The  survival rate at day 100 was 88.2%. The survival rates at 1 year for @entity0 with complete remission (CR)/chronic phase (n  = 8) and non-CR (n  = 26) status before transplantation were 62.5% and 42.3%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, non-CR status before transplantation was the only factor significant prognostic factor of increased relapse (P  = .0424), which tended to be associated with a lower survival rate (P  =  .0524). This transplantation protocol is safe and feasible, if a suitable donor is not available in a timely manner. As the main cause of @entity1 was relapse and not @entity7 , more intensified conditioning or attenuation of @entity7 prophylaxis and/or donor lymphocyte infusion may be desirable for @entity0 with non-CR status.

title: Unmanipulated Haploidentical Reduced-Intensity Stem Cell Transplantation Using @entity8 , XXXX , Low-Dose Antithymocyte Globulin, and Steroids for @entity0 in Non-Complete Remission or at High Risk of Relapse: A Prospective Multicenter Phase I/II Study in Japan.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This prospective, multicenter phase I/II study of unmanipulated HLA-haploidentical reduced-intensity stem cell  transplantation using a low dose of anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATG) and @entity2 was conducted in 5 institutions in Japan. Thirty-four @entity0 with @entity4 who were in an advanced stage or at a high risk of relapse at the time of transplantation were enrolled. Among them, 7 @entity0 underwent transplantation as a second transplantation because of relapse after the previous allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The conditioning regimen consisted of @entity8 , @entity6 , and ATG (Fresenius, 8 mg/kg), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) prophylaxis consisted of @entity3 and @entity5 (1 mg/kg). All @entity0 except 1 (97.1%) achieved donor-type engraftment. Rapid hematopoietic engraftment was achieved, with neutrophils > .5  * 10(9)/L on day 11 and platelets > 20  * 10(9)/L on day 17.5. Treatment was started for >= grade I @entity7 , and the cumulative incidences of acute grade I and grade II to IV @entity7 were 27.5% and 30.7%, respectively. The incidence of chronic @entity7 (extensive type) was 20%. Fourteen @entity0 (41.2%) had a relapse. The cumulative incidence of transplantation-related mortality at 1 year after transplantation was 26.5%. The  survival rate at day 100 was 88.2%. The survival rates at 1 year for @entity0 with complete remission (CR)/chronic phase (n  = 8) and non-CR (n  = 26) status before transplantation were 62.5% and 42.3%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, non-CR status before transplantation was the only factor significant prognostic factor of increased relapse (P  = .0424), which tended to be associated with a lower survival rate (P  =  .0524). This transplantation protocol is safe and feasible, if a suitable donor is not available in a timely manner. As the main cause of @entity1 was relapse and not @entity7 , more intensified conditioning or attenuation of @entity7 prophylaxis and/or donor lymphocyte infusion may be desirable for @entity0 with non-CR status.

title: Unmanipulated Haploidentical Reduced-Intensity Stem Cell Transplantation Using @entity8 , @entity6 , Low-Dose Antithymocyte Globulin, and Steroids for XXXX in Non-Complete Remission or at High Risk of Relapse: A Prospective Multicenter Phase I/II Study in Japan.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The development of new non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic approaches is of paramount importance in order to improve the outcome of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). In this work we investigated a completely non-invasive pre-clinical protocol to effectively target and detect @entity4 through the orotracheal route, using ultra-small nanoparticles (USRPs) and MRI. A @entity2 model of @entity3 was developed. In vivo MRI acquisitions were performed before and after intravenous or orotracheal administration of the nanoparticles to identify and segment the @entity1 . The accumulation of the nanoparticles in neoplastic lesions was assessed ex vivo through fluorescence microscopy. Before the administration of contrast agents, MR images allowed the identification of the presence of abnormal brain tissue in 73% of animals. After orotracheal or intravenous administration of USRPs, in all the @entity2 an excellent co-localization of the position of the @entity1 with MRI and histology was observed. The elimination time of the USRPs from the @entity1 after the orotracheal administration was approximately 70% longer compared with intravenous injection. MRI and USRPs were shown to be powerful imaging tools able to detect, quantify and longitudinally monitor the development of GBMs. The absence of ionizing radiation and high resolution of MRI, along with the complete non-invasiveness and good reproducibility of the proposed protocol, make this technique potentially translatable to @entity0 . To our knowledge, this is the first time that the advantages of a needle-free orotracheal administration route have been demonstrated for the investigation of the pathomorphological changes due to GBMs. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Orotracheal administration of contrast agents: a new protocol for XXXX targeting.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The intelligent tutoring system (ITS) BRCA Gist is a Web-based tutor developed using the Shareable Knowledge Objects (SKO) platform that uses latent semantic analysis to engage @entity1 in natural-language dialogues to teach about @entity0 risk. BRCA Gist appears to be the first ITS designed to assist @entity1 ' health decision making. Two studies provide fine-grained analyses of the verbal interactions between BRCA Gist and @entity1 responding to five questions pertaining to @entity0 and genetic risk. We examined how "gist explanations" generated by @entity1 during natural-language dialogues related to outcomes. Using reliable rubrics, scripts of the @entity1 ' verbal interactions with BRCA Gist were rated for content and for the appropriateness of the tutor's responses. @entity1 researchers' scores for the content covered by the @entity1 were strongly correlated with the coverage scores generated by BRCA Gist, indicating that BRCA Gist accurately assesses the extent to which @entity1 respond appropriately. In Study 1, @entity1 ' performance during the dialogues was consistently associated with learning outcomes about @entity0 risk. Study 2 was a field study with a more diverse population. @entity1 with an undergraduate degree or less education who were randomly assigned to BRCA Gist scored higher on tests of knowledge than those assigned to the National @entity2 Institute website or than a control group. We replicated findings that the more expected content that @entity1 included in their gist explanations, the better they performed on outcome measures. As fuzzy-trace theory suggests, encouraging @entity1 to develop and elaborate upon gist explanations appears to improve learning, comprehension, and decision making.

title: Tutorial dialogues and gist explanations of genetic XXXX risk.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The siphon of @entity1 has several functions, including involvement in respiration, excretion, and defensive inking. It also provides sensory input for defensive withdrawals that have been studied extensively to examine mechanisms that underlie learning. To better understand the neuronal bases of these functions, we used immunohistochemistry to catalogue peripheral cell types and innervation of the siphon in stage 12 juveniles (chosen to allow observation of tissues in whole-mounts). We found that the siphon nerve splits into three major branches, leading ultimately to a two-part @entity2 -immunoreactive plexus and an apparently separate @entity0 hydroxylase-immunoreactive plexus. Putative sensory neurons included four distinct types of tubulin-immunoreactive bipolar cells (one likely also @entity0 hydroxylase immunoreactive) that bore ciliated dendrites penetrating the epithelium. A fifth bipolar neuron type (tubulin- and @entity2 -immunoreactive) occurred deeper in the tissue, associated with part of the @entity2 -immunoreactive plexus. Our observations emphasize the structural complexity of the peripheral nervous system of the siphon, and the importance of direct tests of the various components to better understand the functioning of the entire organ, including its role in defensive withdrawal responses. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:2409-2425, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Morphology, innervation, and peripheral sensory cells of the siphon of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: It is still an enigma that some @entity0 develop @entity2 whilst others with similar risk factors do not. Biomechanical assessment of the skin may provide further insight into the aetiology of this complex condition. @entity1 fibres are an abundant and integral part of many extracellular matrices and are especially critical for providing the property of elastic recoil to tissues. The significance of @entity1 fibres is clearly reflected by the numerous @entity0 conditions in which a skin phenotype occurs as a result of @entity1 fibre abnormalities. METHOD: Between January and June 2013, skin specimens were obtained prospectively during surgery on 20 @entity0 with @entity2 and 21 @entity0 without prolapse undergoing surgery for other indications. Expression levels of @entity1 in the skin were measured by @entity3 staining, and Image J. Tensile tests were performed using the Zwick Roell device, with custom ceramic clamps. For statistical analysis, Student's t test was used. RESULTS: Histological analysis of prolapse vs control showed percentage dermal @entity1 fibres of 9 vs 5.8  % (p   =   0.001) in males and 6.5 vs 5.3  % (p   =   0.05) in females. @entity0 with more severe prolapse (external) had a significantly (p   =   0.05) higher percentage dermal @entity1 fibres 6.9 vs 6.1  % than internal prolapse. Young's modulus of @entity0 with prolapse was lower in males (3.3 vs 2.8, p   =   0.05) and females (3.1 vs 2.7, p   =   0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with prolapse have a higher concentration of @entity1 fibres in the skin, and these differences are quantitatively demonstrated through mechanical testing. This suggests that the aetiology may be a result of a dysfunction of @entity1 fibre assembly.

title: Histological and mechanical differences in the skin of @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: It is still an enigma that some @entity0 develop @entity2 whilst others with similar risk factors do not. Biomechanical assessment of the skin may provide further insight into the aetiology of this complex condition. @entity1 fibres are an abundant and integral part of many extracellular matrices and are especially critical for providing the property of elastic recoil to tissues. The significance of @entity1 fibres is clearly reflected by the numerous @entity0 conditions in which a skin phenotype occurs as a result of @entity1 fibre abnormalities. METHOD: Between January and June 2013, skin specimens were obtained prospectively during surgery on 20 @entity0 with @entity2 and 21 @entity0 without prolapse undergoing surgery for other indications. Expression levels of @entity1 in the skin were measured by @entity3 staining, and Image J. Tensile tests were performed using the Zwick Roell device, with custom ceramic clamps. For statistical analysis, Student's t test was used. RESULTS: Histological analysis of prolapse vs control showed percentage dermal @entity1 fibres of 9 vs 5.8  % (p   =   0.001) in males and 6.5 vs 5.3  % (p   =   0.05) in females. @entity0 with more severe prolapse (external) had a significantly (p   =   0.05) higher percentage dermal @entity1 fibres 6.9 vs 6.1  % than internal prolapse. Young's modulus of @entity0 with prolapse was lower in males (3.3 vs 2.8, p   =   0.05) and females (3.1 vs 2.7, p   =   0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with prolapse have a higher concentration of @entity1 fibres in the skin, and these differences are quantitatively demonstrated through mechanical testing. This suggests that the aetiology may be a result of a dysfunction of @entity1 fibre assembly.

title: Histological and mechanical differences in the skin of XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Tension and membrane potential have been measured in isolated, short toe muscle fibres of @entity2 during development of @entity3 produced by intermittent, tetanic stimulation (0.5 s long 70 Hz trains repeated at 0.3-0.8 Hz) and during recovery. Fibres could be divided into three groups on the basis of their @entity3 resistance. In the first group (type 1 fibres) tension fell to 40% of the original after about 70 @entity0 , in the second group (type 2 fibres) after about 300 @entity0 and in the third group (type 3 fibres) after about 600 @entity0 . Recovery was slow in type 1 and 2 fibres and faster in type 3. The former also displayed @entity1 ( @entity1 ), a 10-40 min period of severely reduced force production, eventually followed by complete recovery. As a result of fatiguing stimulation the membrane potential fell to -70 to -60 mV. It returned to the pre-stimulation value more rapidly than did tension. At the time of maximum @entity1 most fibres had repolarized to at least -75 mV and action potentials of normal configuration could be elicited. The results of the present experiments underline the importance of defining fibre types in studies of @entity3 , also in amphibian muscle. Together with the results of a previous study (L  nnergren _ Westerblad 1986) they also demonstrate that both the decline phase and the recovery phase are markedly different when different modes of fatiguing stimulation are used.

title: Force and membrane potential during and after fatiguing, intermittent tetanic stimulation of single XXXX muscle fibres.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Two hundred eleven episodes of native valve active @entity5 treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital between 1975 and 1983 were reviewed. The aortic (36%) and mitral (33%) valves were most frequently involved, but in 21% of the cases the site of infection could not be localized. Streptococcal (50%) and staphylococcal (35%) species were the most frequently isolated pathogens. New or changing ("unstable") conduction abnormalities developed in 9% of the @entity0 , while an additional 7% had conduction abnormalities of "indeterminate" age. Unstable conduction block was more likely to develop in @entity0 with aortic valve @entity5 than in those with @entity2 . Surgery was performed in 23% of the @entity0 . Unstable conduction abnormalities were significantly associated with valve replacement, but in a multivariate analysis, this effect could be explained by the site of @entity3 . The mortality rate was 20%. @entity0 with unstable conduction abnormalities had a significantly higher mortality rate, even after other significant predictors of @entity1 (age, type of causative organism) were taken into account. @entity0 whose conduction changes persisted had a worse prognosis than those with @entity4 . Although more hemodynamically compromised, @entity0 with unstable conduction block who underwent valve replacement did at least as well as those given medical therapy alone. @entity0 with native valve active @entity5 in whom persistent, unstable conduction abnormalities develop without other identifiable cause, especially in the presence of @entity6 , should be considered for valve replacement.

title: Cardiac conduction abnormalities complicating native valve active XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Five groups of three @entity4 each were fed a basal diet supplemented with 15% tallow and either 0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0%, or 2.5% @entity0 . The animals were studied over a period of 9 weeks to observe changes in plasma lipids and low density lipoproteins (LDL). At the end of the study period, LDL was analyzed by rate zonal ultracentrifugation, characterized chemically, and examined by differential scanning calorimetry. Within 3 weeks of initiation of the @entity0 -supplemented diets, there was an increase in the plasma levels of @entity0 and total LDL. LDL from @entity4 fed the basal diet and the basal diet plus 1.0% @entity0 appeared in two LDL populations (LDL1 and LDL2) when analyzed by rate zonal ultracentrifugation. After diets containing 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5% dietary @entity0 , there was an increase in the mean flotation rate of total LDL which shifted to a lower density. LDL1 from the high @entity0 diets had a decreased @entity1 content when compared to those of the low @entity0 diets. When examined by differential scanning calorimetry, the LDL1 from the animals fed at least 1.5% @entity0 had phase transitions above body temperature, whereas the LDL from those fed 0 and 1.0% @entity0 had phase transitions below 37 degrees C. In contrast, the thermal behavior and @entity3 compositions of the extracted @entity5 of the LDL obtained after the five different diets were not remarkably different. Since LDL @entity1 and @entity5 are predicted to coexist in a common phase in the LDL core, the different thermal behavior of the LDL obtained after diets with different @entity0 contents is due to differences in @entity1 content which are a secondary effect of @entity0 -feeding. From these data we conclude that dietary @entity0 increases plasma LDL content, decreases LDL @entity1 content, and alters the particle structure. These changes in lipoprotein structure may contribute to the known development of @entity2 in @entity0 -fed @entity4 .

title: Influence of an atherogenic diet on the structure of XXXX low density lipoproteins.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity6 through a medial incision (modified triple arthrodesis) has become an increasingly popular technique for treating symptomatic @entity1 caused by @entity7 . The purpose of this study was to look at its clinical and radiological mid- to long-term outcomes, including the rates of recurrent @entity1 , nonunion and @entity5 of the dome of the talus. A total of 84 @entity0 (96 feet) with a symptomatic @entity4 caused by @entity7 were treated using a modified triple arthrodesis. The mean age of the @entity0 was 66 years (35 to 85) and the mean follow-up was 4.7 years (1 to 8.3). Both clinical and radiological outcomes were analysed retrospectively. In 86 of the 95 feet (90.5%) for which radiographs were available, there was no loss of correction at final follow-up. In all, 14 feet (14.7%) needed secondary surgery, six for nonunion, two for @entity5 , five for progression of the @entity1 and @entity3 and one because of symptomatic overcorrection. The mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hindfoot score (AOFAS score) at final follow-up was 67 (between 16 and 100) and the mean visual analogue score for @entity2 2.4 points (between 0 and 10). In conclusion, modified triple arthrodesis provides reliable correction of deformity and a good clinical outcome at mid- to long-term follow-up, with nonunion as the most frequent complication. @entity5 of the talus is a rare but serious complication of this technique.

title: Mid- to long-term outcome of 96 corrective hindfoot fusions in 84 @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity6 through a medial incision (modified triple arthrodesis) has become an increasingly popular technique for treating symptomatic @entity1 caused by @entity7 . The purpose of this study was to look at its clinical and radiological mid- to long-term outcomes, including the rates of recurrent @entity1 , nonunion and @entity5 of the dome of the talus. A total of 84 @entity0 (96 feet) with a symptomatic @entity4 caused by @entity7 were treated using a modified triple arthrodesis. The mean age of the @entity0 was 66 years (35 to 85) and the mean follow-up was 4.7 years (1 to 8.3). Both clinical and radiological outcomes were analysed retrospectively. In 86 of the 95 feet (90.5%) for which radiographs were available, there was no loss of correction at final follow-up. In all, 14 feet (14.7%) needed secondary surgery, six for nonunion, two for @entity5 , five for progression of the @entity1 and @entity3 and one because of symptomatic overcorrection. The mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hindfoot score (AOFAS score) at final follow-up was 67 (between 16 and 100) and the mean visual analogue score for @entity2 2.4 points (between 0 and 10). In conclusion, modified triple arthrodesis provides reliable correction of deformity and a good clinical outcome at mid- to long-term follow-up, with nonunion as the most frequent complication. @entity5 of the talus is a rare but serious complication of this technique.

title: Mid- to long-term outcome of 96 corrective hindfoot fusions in 84 XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0