abstract: Because quantitative ultrasound (QUS) instruments from different manufacturers have significant technical differences, it is difficult to assess whether all of them can discriminate similarly between @entity3 and age-matched controls. Thus, to avoid any bias, reliable comparative assessment of the QUS devices should be carried out on the same population. Few studies have fulfilled this condition. Another source of variability in cross-sectional studies in which @entity2 and nonfractured subjects are compared is the time since @entity3 . Our study evaluated the ability of three calcaneal QUS devices to discriminate @entity0 with @entity1 from control subjects, using the same population. In addition, a subset of @entity0 was re-measured about 9 months after the hip replacement surgery to check how the time since @entity2 affects the discriminatory ability of the different QUS devices. Fifty postmenopausal @entity1 @entity0 and 46 postmenopausal age-matched controls were included in this study and measured on three QUS devices, as well as 50 young healthy controls to calculate the T-score. Odds ratio results showed that a decrease in UBIS trade mark BUA of 1 SD was associated with a significant increase in @entity2 risk (odds ratio adjusted = 2.30) comparable with Sahara broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) (OR adj. = 2.30), and Achilles BUA (OR adj. = 3.5). However, given the large overlap between the 95% intervals of each OR and for the areas under ROC curves, no significant difference was found between them. In the subset of 15 @entity1 subjects, no significant differences were found between ultrasound parameters of the first visit and 9 months after except for the heel width (soft tissue variation). Odds ratio and areas under the curve (AUC) tend to increase from visit 1 to 2 for the BUA and decrease substantially for the SOS for all but the Lunar Achilles+. Nonsignificant correlation was found between the absolute difference of the ultrasound parameters measured at the two visits and the time since @entity2 , except for the Sahara SOS (r = 0.45; P < 0.04). In conclusion, no significant differences between QUS technologies were observed in their positive and significant ability to discriminate @entity1 @entity0 from controls. However, this statement is shadowed when taking into account the time since @entity2 which seems to negatively influence results obtained on dry versus wet QUS systems. As a result, it is advisable that such parameters would be taken into account when designing a study aimed to demonstrate the discriminatory ability of heel ultrasound between normal and @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Is time since XXXX influencing the discrimination between @entity2 and nonfractured subjects as assessed at the calcaneum by three technologically different quantitative ultrasound devices?

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Endocrine cell @entity3 , according to the Japanese classification criteria for @entity2 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and mixed @entity3 (MANEC), as defined in the 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features of @entity0 with these @entity1 diagnosed and treated at our institution. METHODS: The clinicopathological @entity6 of the colon and rectum diagnosed by neuroendocrine markers from January 2000 to December 2012 were retrospectively evaluated in 12 @entity0 . RESULTS: Surgical specimens were obtained from eight of the 12 @entity0 . MANEC was diagnosed in six @entity0 and @entity5 in one. One @entity1 was unclassifiable. The @entity1 were not resected in four @entity0 , and all died within 3  months. Of the eight @entity0 who underwent resection, four received an R0 resection, two of whom underwent adjuvant chemotherapy and survived more than 5  years. One @entity0 who underwent an R2 resection and continuous chemotherapy survived for 53  months. One @entity0 with @entity5 underwent surgery and radiotherapy, and died 17  months later. CONCLUSION: Most endocrine cell @entity4 reviewed were MANECs. Though their prognosis was generally poor, chemotherapy may be effective in some @entity0 .

title: Endocrine cell XXXX : a clinicopathological evaluation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In order to determine whether angiogenesis is a prognostic marker in @entity1 , we performed a systematic review of the literature to assess the prognostic value on survival of microvessel count in @entity0 with @entity1 . Published studies were identified by an electronic search in order to aggregate survival results, after a methodological assessment using a quality scale designed by the European Lung Cancer Working Party. To be eligible, a study had to deal with microvessel count assessment in @entity1 @entity0 on the primary site and to provide survival analysis according to microvessel count expression. Microvessel count has been assessed on surgical samples by immunohistochemistry using factor VIII in 14 studies, @entity5 in 10 and @entity4 in eight. Respectively 1866, 1440 and 1093 @entity3 @entity0 were considered. The overall median quality scores were respectively 52, 59 and 59% for studies assessing microvessel count via factor VIII, @entity5 and @entity4 , without significant difference between studies evaluable or not for meta-analysis nor between studies with significant or non significant results. Seven 'factor VIII' studies, nine ' @entity5 ' and seven ' @entity4 ' provided sufficient data allowing a meta-analysis on survival and were evaluable for results aggregation. This showed that a high microvessel count in the primitive @entity2 was a statistically significant poor prognostic factor for survival in @entity3 whatever it was assessed by factor VIII (HR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.16-2.84), @entity5 (HR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.53-2.58) or @entity4 (HR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.10-2.96). Variations in survival among the individual studies can be explained in addition to @entity0 selection criteria by the heterogeneous methodologies used to stain and count microvessels: different antibody clones, identification of 'hotspots', Weidner or Chalkey counting method, cut-off selection. Microvessel count, reflecting the angiogenesis, appears to be a poor prognostic factor for survival in surgically treated @entity3 but standardisation of angiogenesis assessment by the microvessel count is necessary.

title: The role of microvessel density on the survival of @entity0 with XXXX : a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In order to determine whether angiogenesis is a prognostic marker in @entity1 , we performed a systematic review of the literature to assess the prognostic value on survival of microvessel count in @entity0 with @entity1 . Published studies were identified by an electronic search in order to aggregate survival results, after a methodological assessment using a quality scale designed by the European Lung Cancer Working Party. To be eligible, a study had to deal with microvessel count assessment in @entity1 @entity0 on the primary site and to provide survival analysis according to microvessel count expression. Microvessel count has been assessed on surgical samples by immunohistochemistry using factor VIII in 14 studies, @entity5 in 10 and @entity4 in eight. Respectively 1866, 1440 and 1093 @entity3 @entity0 were considered. The overall median quality scores were respectively 52, 59 and 59% for studies assessing microvessel count via factor VIII, @entity5 and @entity4 , without significant difference between studies evaluable or not for meta-analysis nor between studies with significant or non significant results. Seven 'factor VIII' studies, nine ' @entity5 ' and seven ' @entity4 ' provided sufficient data allowing a meta-analysis on survival and were evaluable for results aggregation. This showed that a high microvessel count in the primitive @entity2 was a statistically significant poor prognostic factor for survival in @entity3 whatever it was assessed by factor VIII (HR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.16-2.84), @entity5 (HR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.53-2.58) or @entity4 (HR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.10-2.96). Variations in survival among the individual studies can be explained in addition to @entity0 selection criteria by the heterogeneous methodologies used to stain and count microvessels: different antibody clones, identification of 'hotspots', Weidner or Chalkey counting method, cut-off selection. Microvessel count, reflecting the angiogenesis, appears to be a poor prognostic factor for survival in surgically treated @entity3 but standardisation of angiogenesis assessment by the microvessel count is necessary.

title: The role of microvessel density on the survival of XXXX with @entity1 : a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe patterns of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in a sample of young adult @entity0 and to identify factors distinguishing between @entity0 who do and do not practice @entity1 . DESIGN: A comparative descriptive design with a convenience sample of 191 adult @entity0 aged 18-35 years, recruited from a large industrial complex in the U.S. Midwest. Data were collected during several occupational health fairs held from 1999-2001. METHODS: A self-report, 75-item health risk appraisal (HRA) was administered to identify health-related lifestyle habits. @entity0 who did and did not perform @entity1 regularly were compared using Mann-Whitney U statistics for discrete variables and t tests for continuous data. Discriminant function analysis was used to identify factors allowing prediction of frequent or infrequent @entity1 performance. FINDINGS: Sixty-four percent of 191 @entity0 reported rarely or never performing @entity1 , and 36% practiced @entity1 monthly or every few months. @entity0 who infrequently performed @entity1 were more often African American or Hispanic and had less than a college education. Other significant factors associated with infrequent @entity1 practice included less satisfaction with current job assignment; less satisfaction with life in general; greater worries interfering with daily life; more serious family problems in dealing with spouse, @entity0 , or parents; and reduced availability of @entity0 to turn to for support. CONCLUSIONS: Demographic and socioeconomic variables were related to @entity1 knowledge and performance. Further investigation is required to determine why @entity0 , especially ethnic minority @entity0 , are not performing this important cancer-screening activity.

title: Testicular self-examination in young adult XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Decreased natriuretic peptides are risk factors for @entity1 . As a physiological activator of natriuretic peptides, @entity3 may play a role in @entity2 metabolism. Here, we aimed to test the hypothesis in a general population of China. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: A population study in Suzhou, China. @entity0 : A total of 2498 @entity0 aged above 30   years were included in the study. OUTCOME MEASURES: The association between serum soluble @entity3 and hyperglycaemia was examined in @entity0 and @entity0 , using non-conditional logistic regression models, respectively. RESULTS: Serum soluble @entity3 , in @entity0 and @entity0 , was significantly higher in @entity0 with hyperglycaemia than in those without (all p<0.001). OR of hyperglycaemia positively and significantly increased with serum soluble @entity3 quartiles, in @entity0 (p for trend <0.001) and in @entity0 (p for trend=0.050), even after multivariate adjustment. @entity0 with a serum soluble @entity3 , in @entity0 (OR=1.66, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.23) and @entity0 (OR=1.27, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.61), over the median level, were more likely to have hyperglycaemia compared with the remaining @entity0 , after controlling for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglycaemia was significantly and positively associated with increased serum soluble @entity3 in @entity0 and @entity0 . Our findings suggest that serum soluble @entity3 may be a risk factor or a biomarker of hyperglycaemia.

title: Association between serum soluble XXXX and hyperglycaemia: a cross-sectional study among Chinese adults.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Massive @entity1 lead to joint @entity3 and resulting decrease in range of motion. This can be avoided by functional treatment. In cases where severe soft tissue trauma coexists with @entity0 surgical treatment is limited and external fixation is the method of choice. Modern external fixation technique allows for stabilisation and maintaining range of motion in the affected joint. This paper presents the results of application of the Dynastab-S external fixator. The construction of this fixator allows dorsal and plantar, reducing postraumatic joint @entity3 . It also allows appropriate insight into soft tissues and debridement of devitalised tissues as well as their forthcoming surgical reconstruction. In our material (27 cases) treated with the Dynastab-S fixator for an average of 16 weeks a satisfactory bone healing process in all cases was noted. Appropriate function of the extremity was maintained, with @entity2 to the contralateral, not affected joint. Only in one case post operative treatment was complicated by @entity4 . Our observations showed that implementation of modern external stabilisation techniques leads to appropriate @entity0 healing with full function of the inferior extremity.

title: [External fixation of fractures using Dysnastab-S stabilizers for massive XXXX of tibial bone epiphyseal articulations ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: While surgery remains the @entity1 treatment, organ-preservation is upcoming. Therefore, neo-adjuvant treatment should be optimized. By escalating doses, response can be increased. To limit @entity2 of boost, accurate gross @entity1 volume (GTV) definition is required. MRI, especially undeformed fast spin echo diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI), looks promising for delineation. However, inconsistencies between observers should be quantified before clinical implementation. We aim to find which MRI sequence (T2w, DWI or combination) is optimal and clinically useful for GTV definition by evaluating inter-observer agreement. METHODS: Locally advanced @entity1 @entity0 ( @entity1 <10cm from anal verge) were scanned on 3T MRI transverse T2w and DWI (b=800s/mm(2)). Three independent observers delineated T2w, DWI and combination (Combi) after training-set. Volumes, conformity index (CI), and maximum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were calculated between any observer-pair per @entity0 per modality. RESULTS: Twenty-four consecutive @entity0 were included. One @entity0 had @entity7 (4.2%), 19 @entity4 (79.1%) and 4 cT4 (16.7%), with 2 clinical node negative (8.3%), 4 @entity5 (16.7%), and 18 @entity6 (75.0%) on MRI. From 24 @entity0 , 70 sequences were available (24x T2, 23x DWI, and 23x Combi). Between observers, no significant volume differences were observed per modality. T2 showed significantly largest volumes compared to DWI (mean difference 19.85ml, SD 17.42, p<0.0001) and Combi (mean difference 7.16ml, SD 11.58, p<0.0001). Mean CI was 0.70, 0.71 and 0.69 for T2, DWI and Combi respectively (p>0.61). Average @entity3 was largest on T2 (18.60mm, max 31.40mm, min 9.20mm). DISCUSSION: Delineation on DWI resulted in delineation of the smallest volumes with similar consistency and mean distances, but with slightly lower Hausdorff distances compared to T2 and Combi. However, with lack of a gold standard it remains difficult to establish if delineations also represent true @entity1 . Study strengths were DWI adaptation to exclude geometrical distortions and training-set. DWI shows great potential for delineation purposes as long as sufficient experience exists and geometrical distortions are eliminated.

title: Inter-observer agreement of MRI-based XXXX delineation for preoperative radiotherapy boost in locally advanced @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: While surgery remains the @entity1 treatment, organ-preservation is upcoming. Therefore, neo-adjuvant treatment should be optimized. By escalating doses, response can be increased. To limit @entity2 of boost, accurate gross @entity1 volume (GTV) definition is required. MRI, especially undeformed fast spin echo diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI), looks promising for delineation. However, inconsistencies between observers should be quantified before clinical implementation. We aim to find which MRI sequence (T2w, DWI or combination) is optimal and clinically useful for GTV definition by evaluating inter-observer agreement. METHODS: Locally advanced @entity1 @entity0 ( @entity1 <10cm from anal verge) were scanned on 3T MRI transverse T2w and DWI (b=800s/mm(2)). Three independent observers delineated T2w, DWI and combination (Combi) after training-set. Volumes, conformity index (CI), and maximum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were calculated between any observer-pair per @entity0 per modality. RESULTS: Twenty-four consecutive @entity0 were included. One @entity0 had @entity7 (4.2%), 19 @entity4 (79.1%) and 4 cT4 (16.7%), with 2 clinical node negative (8.3%), 4 @entity5 (16.7%), and 18 @entity6 (75.0%) on MRI. From 24 @entity0 , 70 sequences were available (24x T2, 23x DWI, and 23x Combi). Between observers, no significant volume differences were observed per modality. T2 showed significantly largest volumes compared to DWI (mean difference 19.85ml, SD 17.42, p<0.0001) and Combi (mean difference 7.16ml, SD 11.58, p<0.0001). Mean CI was 0.70, 0.71 and 0.69 for T2, DWI and Combi respectively (p>0.61). Average @entity3 was largest on T2 (18.60mm, max 31.40mm, min 9.20mm). DISCUSSION: Delineation on DWI resulted in delineation of the smallest volumes with similar consistency and mean distances, but with slightly lower Hausdorff distances compared to T2 and Combi. However, with lack of a gold standard it remains difficult to establish if delineations also represent true @entity1 . Study strengths were DWI adaptation to exclude geometrical distortions and training-set. DWI shows great potential for delineation purposes as long as sufficient experience exists and geometrical distortions are eliminated.

title: Inter-observer agreement of MRI-based @entity1 delineation for preoperative radiotherapy boost in locally advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Hyperbilirubinaemia is a common neonatal problem worldwide and is the leading cause of admission to the Special Care Nursery in Antigua and Barbuda. In 1990, the Innocenti Declaration in support of breast-feeding led to the adoption of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in many countries of the Caribbean, including Antigua and Barbuda. Comparing 1989 to the years 1992 to 1994, the Special Care Nursery at Holberton Hospital experienced a 40% increase in newborns admitted with hyperbilirubinaemia (peak total @entity2 > 12 mg/dl or 205 mumol/l). A retrospective review of Special Care Nursery and Maternity Ward records was undertaken to determine the incidence and aetiology of hyperbilirubinaemia from 1992 to 1994. There were 3721 @entity0 born in Antigua and Barbuda in those years, 98% of Afro-Caribbean or mixed ancestry. The overall incidence of peak total @entity2 over 12 mg/dl (205 mumol/l) was 12.5% (466/3721), not inconsistent with the reported incidence of 8 to 20% in other countries. However, the incidence of higher levels of hyperbilirubinaemia in Antigua and Barbuda exceeded those reported for other countries. In Antigua and Barbuda, total @entity2 of 15 mg/dl (255 mumol/l) or higher was found in 263 of 3721 @entity0 (7.1%) compared to 5.9% in India and 2% of breast-fed @entity0 in the United States of America (USA). Total @entity2 of 20 mg/dl (340 mumol/l) or higher was seen in 91 of 3721 @entity0 (2.5%) exceeding reported prevalence in the USA for both African-American and Caucasian @entity0 (1%) and equal to the reported prevalence in Asian @entity0 (2%). The possible aetiologies of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates with total @entity2 18 mg/dl (306 mumol/l) or higher in our @entity0 were investigated. Medical records of 134 of 156 (86%) @entity0 having this level of hyperbilirubinaemia were available for review. The possible reason for hyperbilirubinaemia was ABO incompatibility in 4/134 (3%), @entity4 in 1/134 (1%), prematurity in 12/134 (9%) and @entity1 neonatorum in 21/134 (16%). The hyperbilirubinaemia was idiopathic in 96/134 (71%) @entity0 . Newborns in Antigua and Barbuda were discharged 3.7 days after their mothers' admission, with 50% discharged prior to 48 hours of age. Early discharge in developed countries has led to increased readmissions for hyperbilirubinaemia. Following the appointment of a dietitian to supervise breast-feeding, admissions for hyperbilirubinaemia fell by 50% by 1998. These data suggest that exclusive breast-feeding and early discharge led to an @entity3 in Antigua and Barbuda.

title: Did exclusive breast-feeding and early discharge lead to excessive XXXX levels in newborns in Antigua and Barbuda?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity4 ( @entity4 ) III typical changes of skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia and muscle can be found. It was believed, that the thickening of the fascia is irreversible and it has been postulated that the degeneration of muscles is causative for the persistence of @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: By computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 8 @entity0 with therapy resistant venous ulcers were examined. Changes of fascia and muscles were determined preoperatively and 12 months after successful shave therapy. RESULTS: By CT a thinning of the preoperatively thickened fascia could be demonstrated in all @entity0 one year after surgery. Before shave therapy MRI showed that the fascia was not only thickened and blurred, but also had fluid accumulations perifascial. 12 months after therapy the fascia was thinner and sharply demarcated. The fluid was either absent or distinctively reduced. Referring to the thickness of fascia an average decrease of 0.084 cm (0.03-0.17 cm) was observed. Before surgery the muscles showed a @entity2 as a sign of @entity1 ; with CT and MRI no changes could be demonstrated after one year in all @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The results after one year demonstrate for the first time, that the changes of the fascia in @entity4 III are reversible and that there is no direct correlation between the degeneration of muscles and the persistence of @entity3 .

title: Changes of fascia and muscles before and 12 months after successful treatment of recalcitrant XXXX by shave therapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Background/Aims: Role of autophagy in neutrophil function and the association of autophagy and autophagy related (ATG) gene polymorphisms with @entity2 susceptibility were suggested. In this study, we investigated the genetic association of @entity4 and @entity5 polymorphisms with @entity2 risk, severity and @entity1 . Methods: We recruited 408 @entity2 @entity0 and 201 healthy controls. Sputum neutrophil counts were determined by H_E staining. Serum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 ( @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity8 ) and @entity5 ( @entity9 and @entity10 ) were genotyped. The functional activities of @entity4 @entity6 and @entity7 variants were investigated by luciferase reporter assays. Results: No associations of @entity4 and @entity5 polymorphisms with @entity2 susceptibility and severity were found. @entity4 @entity6 and @entity7 were in complete linkage disequilibrium. In the @entity2 group, GA/AA genotypes at @entity4 @entity7 were associated with higher neutrophil counts in sputum (p < 0.05); CC/TT genotype at @entity4 @entity8 associated with lower FEV1% predicted value (p < 0.05). DNA fragments containing @entity4 -769T and -335G alleles had higher promoter activities compared to those with -769C and -335A in both @entity0 airway epithelial cells (A549, p < 0.01) and @entity0 mast cell (HMC-1, p < 0.001). GG and CC genotype at @entity5 @entity9 and @entity10 were significantly associated with high serum levels of @entity3 (p < 0.05 for both variants). Conclusions: Genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 and @entity5 could contribute to @entity1 in the pathogenesis of adult @entity2 .

title: Association of autophagy related gene polymorphisms with XXXX in adult @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background/Aims: Role of autophagy in neutrophil function and the association of autophagy and autophagy related (ATG) gene polymorphisms with @entity2 susceptibility were suggested. In this study, we investigated the genetic association of @entity4 and @entity5 polymorphisms with @entity2 risk, severity and @entity1 . Methods: We recruited 408 @entity2 @entity0 and 201 healthy controls. Sputum neutrophil counts were determined by H_E staining. Serum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 ( @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity8 ) and @entity5 ( @entity9 and @entity10 ) were genotyped. The functional activities of @entity4 @entity6 and @entity7 variants were investigated by luciferase reporter assays. Results: No associations of @entity4 and @entity5 polymorphisms with @entity2 susceptibility and severity were found. @entity4 @entity6 and @entity7 were in complete linkage disequilibrium. In the @entity2 group, GA/AA genotypes at @entity4 @entity7 were associated with higher neutrophil counts in sputum (p < 0.05); CC/TT genotype at @entity4 @entity8 associated with lower FEV1% predicted value (p < 0.05). DNA fragments containing @entity4 -769T and -335G alleles had higher promoter activities compared to those with -769C and -335A in both @entity0 airway epithelial cells (A549, p < 0.01) and @entity0 mast cell (HMC-1, p < 0.001). GG and CC genotype at @entity5 @entity9 and @entity10 were significantly associated with high serum levels of @entity3 (p < 0.05 for both variants). Conclusions: Genetic polymorphisms of @entity4 and @entity5 could contribute to @entity1 in the pathogenesis of adult @entity2 .

title: Association of autophagy related gene polymorphisms with @entity1 in adult XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate how @entity1 ( @entity1 ) clusters affect performance-based measures of the ability to perform activities of daily living and subjective measures of vision-related quality of life (QoL) in @entity0 with @entity2 . DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional study. METHODS: Setting: Institutional - Wills Eye Hospital. STUDY POPULATION: 322 eyes of 161 @entity0 with moderate-stage @entity2 . OBSERVATION: @entity1 tests were conducted using the Humphrey 24-2 Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm standard perimeter. The VFs of each @entity0 were divided into five clusters: nasal, temporal, central, paracentral and peripheral. The score for each cluster was the averaged total deviation scores of all tested points within the cluster. Each cluster score was correlated with performance-based measures of visual function and subjective assessment of vision-related QoL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision, the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ-25) and the Modified @entity2 Symptom Scale. RESULTS: The central @entity1 cluster in the better eye was positively correlated with all Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision (performance-based measure) subscales. The strongest correlation for the better eye was between the central @entity1 cluster and total Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision score (0.39, P< 0.001). The inferior @entity1 hemisphere in both eyes was positively correlated with most Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision subscales. Central @entity1 in the better eye were positively correlated with a majority of the NEI VFQ-25 subscales. There were no significant correlations between @entity1 and Modified @entity2 Symptom Scale subscales. CONCLUSIONS: Scores of central @entity4 in both eyes were positively correlated with performance-based measures of the ability to perform activities of daily living. @entity2 @entity0 with central @entity3 were more likely to have reduced scores on assessments of vision-related QoL.

title: The Impact of Visual Field Clusters on Performance-Based Measures and Vision-Related Quality of Life in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate how @entity1 ( @entity1 ) clusters affect performance-based measures of the ability to perform activities of daily living and subjective measures of vision-related quality of life (QoL) in @entity0 with @entity2 . DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional study. METHODS: Setting: Institutional - Wills Eye Hospital. STUDY POPULATION: 322 eyes of 161 @entity0 with moderate-stage @entity2 . OBSERVATION: @entity1 tests were conducted using the Humphrey 24-2 Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm standard perimeter. The VFs of each @entity0 were divided into five clusters: nasal, temporal, central, paracentral and peripheral. The score for each cluster was the averaged total deviation scores of all tested points within the cluster. Each cluster score was correlated with performance-based measures of visual function and subjective assessment of vision-related QoL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision, the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ-25) and the Modified @entity2 Symptom Scale. RESULTS: The central @entity1 cluster in the better eye was positively correlated with all Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision (performance-based measure) subscales. The strongest correlation for the better eye was between the central @entity1 cluster and total Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision score (0.39, P< 0.001). The inferior @entity1 hemisphere in both eyes was positively correlated with most Compressed Assessment of Ability Related to Vision subscales. Central @entity1 in the better eye were positively correlated with a majority of the NEI VFQ-25 subscales. There were no significant correlations between @entity1 and Modified @entity2 Symptom Scale subscales. CONCLUSIONS: Scores of central @entity4 in both eyes were positively correlated with performance-based measures of the ability to perform activities of daily living. @entity2 @entity0 with central @entity3 were more likely to have reduced scores on assessments of vision-related QoL.

title: The Impact of Visual Field Clusters on Performance-Based Measures and Vision-Related Quality of Life in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ), a new anticancer drug that has recently completed Phase I clinical trial, is effective against transplantable @entity1 @entity0 with established vasculature. We wished to determine the relationship between administration schedule and antitumor activity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: C57Bl/6 @entity1 with s.c. implanted @entity3 were used for determination of maximal tolerated doses and @entity0 growth delay. Plasma and tissue @entity4 concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Continuous infusion (30 mg/kg/day for 3 days) and daily i.p. administration schedules (7.5 mg/kg) were ineffective. A pharmacokinetically guided schedule was developed to increase @entity0 tissue drug concentrations without increasing the maximal plasma concentration. A schedule comprising a loading dose (25 mg/kg, i.p.) followed by supplementary doses (5 mg/kg after 4 and 8 h) provided a 1.6-fold increase in @entity0 tissue area under the concentration-time curve, no increased @entity2 , and superior antitumor activity (100% cure rate, as compared with 55% for a single i.p. dose of 25 mg/kg). A similar strategy was developed for oral administration with a loading dose (30 mg/kg) and supplementary doses (15 mg/kg after 4 and 8 h). It provided a 90% cure rate, in contrast to a single oral dose (0% cure rate). CONCLUSIONS: The antitumor action of @entity4 is schedule dependent, and the achievement of an adequate @entity0 tissue @entity4 concentration above a threshold value appears to be critical for activity. The use of a pharmacokinetically guided schedule provides excellent oral activity against @entity3 and provides a basis for developing more effective administration schedules in clinical trials.

title: Improvement of the antitumor activity of intraperitoneally and orally administered XXXX by optimal scheduling.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Locoregional treatment of @entity0 involves adjacent, half blocked fields matched at isocenter. The objective of this work is to study the dosimetric effects of the uncertainties in jaw positioning for such a case, and how a treatment planning protocol including adjacent field overlap of 1 mm affects the dose distribution. A representative treatment plan, involving 6 and 15 photon beams, for a @entity1 treated at our hospital is chosen. Monte Carlo method (EGSnrc/BEAMnrc) is used to simulate the treatment. Uncertainties in jaw positioning of    1 mm are addressed, which implies extremes in reality of 2 mm field gap/overlap when planning adjacent fields without overlap and 1 mm gap or 3 mm overlap for a planning protocol with 1 mm overlap. Dosimetric parameters for @entity3 , lung and body are analyzed. Treatment planning protocol with 1 mm overlap of the adjacent fields does not considerably counteract possible underdosage of the target in the case studied. @entity3 -V95% is for example reduced from 95% for perfectly aligned fields to 90% and 91% for 2 mm and 1 mm gap, respectively. However, the risk of overdosage in @entity3 and in healthy soft tissue is increased when following the protocol with 1 mm overlap. A 3 mm overlap compared to 2 mm overlap results in an increase in maximum dose to @entity3 , @entity3 -D2%, from 113% to 121%. V120% for 'Body- @entity3 ' is also increased from 5 cm3 to 14 cm3. A treatment planning protocol with 1 mm overlap does not considerably improve the coverage of @entity3 in the case of @entity2 causing gap between fields, but increases the overdosage in @entity3 and doses to healthy tissue, in the case of overlapping fields, for the case investigated.

title: Jaw position uncertainty and adjacent fields in XXXX radiotherapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 of the central nervous system (IAC) is an idiopathic type of @entity4 , exclusively affecting small to medium-sized blood vessels of the central nervous system. We report serial angiographical findings, mainly demonstrated with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in a case of IAC. A 58-year-old-female came to our hospital because of a sudden @entity1 . Computed tomography (CT) did not show any particular findings. MRA 3 days after the onset revealed diffuse arterial dilatations and segmental stenoses of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries. However, these findings did not lead us to make a diagnosis of IAC. Two days later she was admitted with increased @entity1 and @entity3 in the left frontal lobe on CT. Subsequent MRA demonstrated remarkable changes such as dilatated main trunks with segmental stenoses. @entity2 pulse therapy was started after definite diagnosis of IAC. She improved gradually and was @entity1 -free 15 days after the onset. Nevertheless, follow-up MRA at 15 days revealed diffusely narrowed anterior and middle cerebral arteries with @entity5 . Characteristic findings of @entity4 showed improvement at 29 days and had disappeared at 73 days. The @entity0 discontinued corticosteroids and has remained free from @entity1 for the last 7 months.

title: [Serial magnetic resonance angiography in a case with XXXX of the CNS].

answer: @entity4


abstract: Changes induced by @entity0 sexual arousal serve reproductive and recreational functions. The current sexual phase model (desire, excitation, orgasm, and resolution) conveys little about this duarchy. Lack of spontaneous sexual desire in a third of nonclinic females indicates that the D phase needs splitting into D1 (the spontaneous [endogenous] activation of desire) and D2 (desire activated by sexual excitation at and during the E phase). Attempts to link D1 with reproduction by studies monitoring it over the menstrual cycle revealed a D1 peak just before or at ovulation, but its reliability is criticized because of the poor identification of the time of ovulation. Sexual arousal initiates enhanced genital blood flow, leading to the formation of a neurogenic transudate, lubricating the vagina, partly buffering its acidity, and increasing its @entity1 tension all features that enhance spermatozoal function and survival. Orgasm occurs with vaginal and uterine contractions. The latter have been misinterpreted as powering rapid sperm transport to facilitate fertilization, but such fast transport would lead to the tubal deposition of noncapacitated, incompetent @entity4 . Vagino-cervico elevation, however, delays rapid sperm transport and allows the @entity3 and sperm capacitation before the elevation resolves. The fastest transport of @entity4 from cervix to the fallopian tubes occurs in the nonaroused female by uterine/subendometrial smooth muscle peristalsis. There is some evidence that even this may be reduced for a time after coitus, adding to the transport delay. If a number of the changes induced by sexual arousal are inadequately expressed, @entity2 could arise.

title: The physiology of sexual arousal in the XXXX female: a recreational and procreational synthesis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate pulpal responses to the use of four resin composite materials as direct pulp capping agents. The importance and effects of individual pulp capping variables are not well understood; consequently histomorphometric analysis was used to analyze these variables. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Two hundred fifty standardized pulp-exposed cavities were prepared in nonhuman primate teeth. Exposed pulps were capped with @entity1 and multistep and self-etching primer resin composites. Teeth were collected from 3 to 60 days to observe pulpal reactions. Following perfusion fixation, tissues were demineralized, sectioned, stained, and histomorphometrically measured. Bridge area, diameter of pulpal exposure, and @entity2 floor width were measured. Tunnel defects, @entity3 , and @entity0 were graded according to defined criteria. RESULTS: The variables correlated to dentinal bridge area were, in decreasing order of significance, time elapsed since exposure, diameter of pulpal exposure, pulp capping material, and tunnel defects. The variables correlated to @entity0 were the type and curing of pulp capping material. Other variables were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Pulp capping with resin composite materials provided acceptable pulpal inflammatory and dentinal bridge repair responses, comparable with those of @entity1 . Although resin composites are promising as direct pulp capping agents, further investigations are required to optimize their application protocols to reduce the penetration of potentially cytotoxic monomers into pulpal tissue.

title: Histomorphometric analysis of dentinal bridge formation and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Treatment of @entity3 with therapies that tolerize pathogenic lymphocytes may obviate the need for longterm global immunosuppression. In vitro, non-Fc receptor binding derivatives of anti-murine CD3 monoclonal antibodies tolerize type 1 T cells and stimulate type 2 T cells. Recently, a humanized non-FcR binding derivative of the anti-human CD3 Mab OKT3, huOKT3gamma1(ala-ala), has been described. We hypothesized that this Mab may be safe and efficacious in the treatment of type 1 T lymphocyte mediated chronic @entity3 such as @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: In a Phase I/II trial, 7 @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with escalating daily doses of huOKT3gamma1(ala-ala) for 12 to 14 days. Number of tender and swollen joints and a visual analog @entity1 scale were used to rate disease activity at entry and Day 30 and Day 90 after treatment. RESULTS: At Day 30, 6 of 7 @entity0 had > or = 75% improvement in the number of inflamed joints and an average 63% improvement on the @entity0 @entity1 scale. Two of 6 responders had sustained improvement at Day 90. No @entity0 treated with an initial dose < or = 1 mg had significant side effects, nor did they have detectable increases in serum cytokines. One @entity0 treated with 4 mg without escalation developed mild cytokine release symptoms associated with elevation of @entity2 . Transient T cell depletion occurred following treatment with the maximum dose of 4 mg, which resolved by Day 30. Antiidiotypic antibodies developed in 2 @entity0 ; however, there was no concurrent decrease in efficacy. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that huOKT3gamma1(ala-ala) may be useful in treating @entity4 .

title: Modified anti-CD3 therapy in XXXX : a phase I/II clinical trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: D2 total gastrectomy combined with splenectomy or pancreaticosplenectomy reportedly increases morbidity and mortality. Totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) for advanced @entity5 (AGC) remains controversial because of its technical difficulties and lack of long-term results. We determined the feasibility and safety of TLTG for AGC. METHODS: A single-institution retrospective study was conducted. Ninety-two consecutive AGC @entity0 who underwent radical TLTG were enrolled. The primary end point was morbidity. The @entity0 were observed for 3  years following TLTG. We assessed short-term surgical and long-term outcomes, including 3-year overall survival rates (3yOS) and 3-year recurrence-free survival rates (3yRFS). RESULTS: Early and late morbidities (Clavien-Dindo grade >= 3) were 26.1 and 6.5  %, respectively. Operative time, estimated @entity2 , number of dissected lymph nodes, and postoperative hospital stay were 444 (278-694) min, 100 (0-2267) g, 48 (16-89), and 23 (9-136) days, respectively, and 3yOS and 3yRFS rates were 70.7 and 60.9  %, respectively. Factors associated with @entity3 and 3yOS were operative time [OR 1.011 (1.006-1.017), p  <  0.01] and @entity1 recurrence within 3  years [HR 312.191 (1.126-86573.245], p  =  0.045], respectively. 3yRFS was associated with @entity1 size (>= 50  mm) [HR 10.325 (1.328-80.289), p  =  0.026], pathological N factor >= 2 [HR 3.188 (1.196-8.495), p  =  0.02], and postoperative pancreatic @entity4 combined with intra-abdominal abscesses Clavien-Dindo grade >= 2; [HR 3.670 (1.440-9.351), p  =  0.006]. CONCLUSIONS: TLTG for AGC is sufficiently feasible and safe from both surgical and oncological point of view.

title: Technical aspects and short- and long-term outcomes of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy for advanced XXXX : a single-institution retrospective study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 is a Gram-negative bacterium whose primary hosts are @entity4 and @entity2 . Like the other BrucelIa spp., with the exception of @entity3 , it is not particularly host specific as it is pathogenic for a variety of other @entity0 species including @entity0 . In @entity0 the disease caused by it is rated as one of the most important zoonoses. Three outbreaks have been recorded in @entity4 and @entity2 in South Africa; the first outbreak occurred in @entity2 in 1965 in the Mpumalanga and Northern Provinces (then both part of the Transvaal Province), the second occurred in @entity2 in 1989 near Pretoria, Gauteng Province, and the third and current outbreak was diagnosed in a flock of @entity4 in northern KwaZulu-Natal in September 1994. Following the initial diagnosis of @entity5 in north-eastern KwaZulu-Natal, a serological survey was conducted in order to identify foci of @entity1 in the @entity4 and @entity2 populations. Six positive foci were identified. In March 1996 a test-and-slaughter eradication campaign was initiated in these areas. Initial test results revealed a prevalence of between 1.23% and 4.02 %. All positive animals were identified and slaughtered. Eradication programmes were repeated between March 1996 and June 2000, in the populations at risk, and the disease prevalence was reduced in all the affected populations.

title: An overview of the eradication of XXXX from KwaZulu-Natal.

answer: @entity5


abstract: In 1999, we purified pseudechetoxin (PsTx), the first peptide toxin known to block cyclic @entity0 -gated (CNG) ion channels, from the venom of Pseudechis australis [Brown, R. L., Haley, T. L., West, K. A., and Crabb, J. W. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96, 754-759]. Here we report the cloning of the cDNA encoding PsTx, as well as the discovery and cloning of pseudecin, a homologous toxin from the venom of Pseudechis porphyriacus. The mature proteins are 211 and 210 @entity3 in length, and the @entity1 sequences are 96.7% identical, differing in only seven residues. The purified toxins were applied to outside-out patches excised from @entity2 oocytes expressing CNG channels composed of the rod @entity4 or olfactory CNGA2 channel subunits. Surprisingly, these patch-clamp studies revealed a 30-fold difference in affinity between PsTx and pseudecin for channels composed of CNGA2 subunits. The apparent K(i) of PsTx was 15 nM, while the affinity of pseudecin was 460 nM. The difference in affinities for the @entity4 subunit from rod photoreceptors was less pronounced, but the affinity of PsTx was 70 nM, compared with 1000 nM for pseudecin. This difference in affinity may be instructive as we attempt to identify the regions of the toxins that contact CNG channels. As the only known protein blockers of CNG channels, these toxins promise to be valuable tools to study the structure of the external face of these channels.

title: Purification and cloning of toxins from elapid venoms that target cyclic XXXX -gated ion channels.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the dynamic changes of @entity2 related cytokines among @entity0 during the different courses of treatment, and to analyze their influences on the development and prognoses of @entity2 . METHODS: All @entity0 with active @entity2 were enrolled from Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Foshan @entity6 control institutes. There were a total of 68 cases, 36 males and 32 females, aged 19 to 50 years [ average (30  9) years]. All the @entity6 @entity0 received standard chemotherapy regimen of anti- @entity2 , and were divided into 2 groups: one completed treatment group (cured or clinically cured 38 cases) and 1 uncompleted treatment group (treatment failure or need to extend treatment, 30 cases). Peripheral blood serum at 0, 2, 6 month during the treatment from 68 @entity2 @entity0 were collected, and the concentration of @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity1 and @entity4 were detected by ELISA tests. RESULTS: The concentration of @entity3 , @entity7 and @entity8 in all enrolled @entity0 showed significant decrease (from 23.2 ng/L to 22.3 ng/L, from 169.1 ng/L to 123.2 ng/L; 65.0 ng/L to 31.9 ng/L) (t=2.67, 2.35 and 3.41, P<0.05) along with the extension of treatment. @entity4 increased significantly (12.9 ng/L) in the uncompleted treatment group but declined significantly (5.38 ng/L) (P<0.05) in the completed treatment group at the end of 6 month. Meanwhile, @entity8 decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the completed treatment group but no significant changes were observed in the uncompleted treatment group. @entity5 /Th2 ( @entity3 / @entity8 ) raised gradually in the completed treatment group (0 month <2 month <6 month, t=6.32, 6.03 and 5.85, P<0.05), while it was only at 6 month in the uncompleted treatment group (0 month <6 month, t=3.7, P<0.05). And the ratio of @entity5 /Th2 in the completed treatment group was significantly higher than that in the uncompleted group treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: It suggests that the changes of @entity5 cytokines ( @entity3 , @entity7 ) and the @entity5 /Th2 balance play an important role in the pathogenesis, development and prognosis of @entity6 . The suppression of @entity3 , @entity7 or @entity5 /Th2 balance may be an important factor influencing the prognosis of @entity6 .

title: [The dynamic changes of XXXX related cytokines during disease progression].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is the most common cause of chronic @entity2 in @entity0 , with prevalence rising alongside childhood @entity1 rates. This study aimed to characterise the habitual diet and activity behaviours of @entity0 with @entity3 compared to obese @entity0 without @entity2 in the United Kingdom (UK). Twenty-four biopsy-proven paediatric @entity3 cases and eight obese controls without biochemical or radiological evidence of @entity3 completed a 24-h dietary recall, a Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ), a Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and a 7-day food and activity diary (FAD), in conjunction with wearing a pedometer. Groups were well matched for age and gender. Obese @entity0 had higher BMI z-scores (p = 0.006) and BMI centiles (p = 0.002) than @entity0 with @entity3 . After adjusting for multiple hypotheses testing and controlling for differences in BMI, no differences in macro- or micronutrient intake were observed as assessed using either 24-h recall or 7-day FAD (p > 0.001). Under-reporting was prevalent ( @entity3 75%, Obese Control 87%: p = 0.15). Restrained eating behaviours were significantly higher in the @entity3 group (p = 0.005), who also recorded more steps per day than the obese controls (p = 0.01). In conclusion, this is the first study to assess dietary and activity patterns in a UK paediatric @entity3 population. Only a minority of cases and controls were meeting current dietary and physical activity recommendations. Our findings do not support development of specific dietary/ physical activity guidelines for @entity0 with @entity3 ; promoting adherence with current general paediatric recommendations for health should remain the focus of clinical management.

title: Assessment of Diet and Physical Activity in Paediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty XXXX @entity0 : A United Kingdom Case Control Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is the most common cause of chronic @entity2 in @entity0 , with prevalence rising alongside childhood @entity1 rates. This study aimed to characterise the habitual diet and activity behaviours of @entity0 with @entity3 compared to obese @entity0 without @entity2 in the United Kingdom (UK). Twenty-four biopsy-proven paediatric @entity3 cases and eight obese controls without biochemical or radiological evidence of @entity3 completed a 24-h dietary recall, a Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ), a Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and a 7-day food and activity diary (FAD), in conjunction with wearing a pedometer. Groups were well matched for age and gender. Obese @entity0 had higher BMI z-scores (p = 0.006) and BMI centiles (p = 0.002) than @entity0 with @entity3 . After adjusting for multiple hypotheses testing and controlling for differences in BMI, no differences in macro- or micronutrient intake were observed as assessed using either 24-h recall or 7-day FAD (p > 0.001). Under-reporting was prevalent ( @entity3 75%, Obese Control 87%: p = 0.15). Restrained eating behaviours were significantly higher in the @entity3 group (p = 0.005), who also recorded more steps per day than the obese controls (p = 0.01). In conclusion, this is the first study to assess dietary and activity patterns in a UK paediatric @entity3 population. Only a minority of cases and controls were meeting current dietary and physical activity recommendations. Our findings do not support development of specific dietary/ physical activity guidelines for @entity0 with @entity3 ; promoting adherence with current general paediatric recommendations for health should remain the focus of clinical management.

title: Assessment of Diet and Physical Activity in Paediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty @entity2 XXXX : A United Kingdom Case Control Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study presents our operative results, mortality, and morbidity with regard to pulmonary artery growth and reinterventions on the pulmonary artery and aortic arch, including key features of our institutional standards for the 3-stage hybrid palliation of @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: Between June 1998 and February 2015, 182 @entity0 with @entity2 underwent the Giessen hybrid stage I procedure. Among these, 126 @entity0 with @entity2 who received a univentricular palliation or heart transplantation were included in the main analysis. Median age and body weight of @entity0 at hybrid stage I were 6  days (0-237) and 3.2  kg (1.2-7), respectively. Comprehensive stage II operation was performed at 4.5  months (2.9-39.5), and Fontan completion was established at 33.7  months (21.1-108.2). Operative and interstage mortality, morbidity, growth and reinterventions on the pulmonary arteries, and long-term operative results of the aortic arch reconstruction were assessed. RESULTS: Median follow-up time after Giessen hybrid stage I palliation was 4.6  years (0-16.8). Operative mortality at hybrid stage I, comprehensive stage II, and Fontan completion was 2.5%, 4.9%, and 0%, respectively. Cumulative interstage mortality was 14.2%. At 10  years, the probability of survival is 77.8%. Body weight (<2.5  kg) and aortic @entity1 had no significant impact on survival. McGoon ratio did not differ at comprehensive stage II and Fontan completion (P  =  .991). Freedom from pulmonary artery intervention was estimated to be 32.2% at 10  years. Aortic arch reinterventions were needed in 16.7% of @entity0 ; 2 reoperations on the aortic arch were necessary. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the early results and long-term outcome, the hybrid approach has become an alternative to the conventional strategy to treat neonates with @entity2 and variants. Further refinements are warranted to decrease @entity0 morbidity.

title: Hybrid therapy for XXXX : Myth, alternative, or standard?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Only a few studies have used objective measurements to investigate the relationship between @entity1 and @entity2 . These studies showed controversial results. METHODS: Sleep efficiency was measured by Actiwatch 2 in 132 healthy students (age 23.3        3.7 years, BMI 23.1        4.1 kg/m(2) ) for 12        3 nights, differentiating between work and free days. Physical activity, dietary habits, and autonomic function (heart rate variability, HRV) were analyzed as potential determinants of @entity1 and its relationship with body composition. RESULTS: Sleep efficiency was 87.0% in @entity0 and 84.9% in @entity0 (P   <   0.05) and was higher at free days when compared to work days in @entity0 (P   <   0.05). @entity1 was associated with a higher fat mass. This was true for sleep efficiency on work days in @entity0 [fat mass index (FMI): r   =   -0.35, P   <   0.01] and for free days in @entity0 (FMI: r   =   -0.37, P   <   0.05). Poor sleep efficiency was associated with less physical activity (r   =   0.29, P   <   0.05) and impaired HRV in @entity0 (r   =   0.60, P   <   0.05) and with a higher fat intake in @entity0 (r   =   -0.39, P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Poor sleep efficiency was associated with higher fat mass. The relationship between @entity1 and fat mass differs between work and free days and may be explained by physical activity and autonomic function in @entity0 and dietary habits in @entity0 .

title: Relationship between actigraphy-assessed XXXX and fat mass in college students.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 chromosomal island M1 (SpyCIM1) integrates by site-specific recombination into the 5' end of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutL in strain @entity1 SmR, blocking transcription of it and the downstream operon genes. During exponential growth, SpyCIM1 excises from the chromosome and replicates as an episome, restoring mutL transcription. This process is reversed in stationary phase with SpyCIM1 re-integrating into mutL, returning the cells to a mutator phenotype. Here we show that elimination of SpyCIM1 relieves this mutator phenotype. The downstream MMR operon genes, multidrug efflux pump lmrP, Holliday junction resolution helicase ruvA, and DNA base excision repair glycosylase tag, are also restored to constitutive expression by elimination of SpyCIM1. The presence of SpyCIM1 alters global transcription patterns in @entity1 SmR. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) demonstrated that loss of SpyCIM1 in the SpyCIM1 deletion mutant, CEM1  4, impacted the expression of over 100 genes involved in virulence and metabolism both in early exponential phase, when the SpyCIM1 is episomal, as well as at the onset of stationary phase, when SpyCIM1 has reintegrated into mutL. Among these changes, the up-regulation of the genes for the antiphagocytic M protein ( @entity2 ), streptolysin O (slo), capsule operon (hasABC), and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (speB), are particularly notable. The expression pattern of the MMR operon confirmed our earlier observations that these genes are transcribed in early exponential phase but silenced as stationary phase is approached. Thus, the direct role of SpyCIM1 in causing the mutator phenotype is confirmed, and further, its influence upon the biology of @entity0 was found to impact multiple genes in addition to the MMR operon, which is a novel function for a mobile genetic element. We suggest that such chromosomal islands are a remarkable evolutionary adaptation to promote the survival of its @entity0 host cell in changing environments.

title: Elimination of Chromosomal Island SpyCIM1 from XXXX Reverses the Mutator Phenotype and Alters Global Transcription.

answer: @entity1


abstract: CONTEXT: Alterations in the @entity1 signaling pathway are common in hormonally active endocrine @entity0 . Somatic mutations at @entity7 are causative in 30-40% of GH-secreting @entity3 . Recently, mutations affecting the @entity9 and @entity8 gene have been reported in ACTH-secreting @entity6 and @entity4 -secreting @entity5 respectively. However, the pathogenesis of many GH-secreting @entity3 remains unclear. AIM: Comprehensive genetic characterization of sporadic GH-secreting @entity3 and identification of new driver mutations. DESIGN: Screening for somatic mutations was performed in 67 GH-secreting @entity3 by targeted sequencing for @entity7 , @entity8 , and @entity9 mutations (n=31) and next-generation exome sequencing (n=36). RESULTS: By targeted sequencing, known activating mutations in @entity7 were detected in five cases (16.1%), while no somatic mutations were observed in both @entity8 and @entity9 . Whole-exome sequencing identified 132 protein-altering somatic mutations in 31/36 @entity0 with a median of three mutations per sample (range: 1-13). The only recurrent mutations have been observed in @entity7 (31.4% of cases). However, seven genes involved in @entity1 signaling pathway were affected in 14 of 36 samples and eight samples harbored variants in genes involved in the @entity2 signaling or metabolism. At the enrichment analysis, several altered genes resulted to be associated with developmental processes. No significant correlation between genetic alterations and the clinical data was observed. CONCLUSION: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of somatic mutations in a large series of GH-secreting @entity3 . No novel recurrent genetic alterations have been observed, but the data suggest that beside @entity1 pathway, @entity2 signaling might be involved in the pathogenesis of these @entity0 .

title: Landscape of somatic mutations in sporadic GH-secreting XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To identify the impact of preprocedural left ventricular ejection fraction and adherence to prescribed medication on major adverse @entity1 in @entity0 with a successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. BACKGROUND: Although advances in percutaneous coronary intervention for @entity2 have considerably reduced poor outcomes such as major adverse @entity1 , many @entity0 still experience adverse outcomes after a percutaneous coronary intervention. Thus, in @entity0 with percutaneous coronary intervention, it is extremely important to identify the predictors for major adverse @entity1 . DESIGN: A retrospective and cross-sectional design. METHODS: Three hundred and nineteen @entity0 who underwent successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention participated in this study. @entity0 were assessed for major adverse @entity1 after percutaneous coronary intervention for the first year. Preprocedural left ventricular ejection fraction was measured by echocardiogram. Medication adherence was used with the validated Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 items at the first year after the successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. RESULTS: Of the 319 @entity0 , 102 had major adverse @entity1 after the successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention. On the basis of Cox regression, after adjusting for @entity0 characteristics, lower baseline left ventricular ejection fraction and medication nonadherence and were statistically significant and independent predictors of major adverse @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that major adverse @entity1 after successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention are associated with low left ventricular ejection fraction at baseline and medication nonadherence after discharge. Therefore, healthcare providers should consider multidimensional approaches to improve low left ventricular ejection fraction and medication adherence. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The findings suggest that the classification of high-risk @entity0 after percutaneous coronary intervention need to be based on level of preprocedural left ventricular ejection fraction. Follow-up of these @entity0 may include educational interventions to enhance medication adherence, to decrease the prevalence of major adverse @entity1 .

title: Impact of left ventricular ejection fraction and medication adherence on major adverse XXXX during the first year after successful primary percutaneous coronary interventions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Staged endovascular treatment of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) has been proved to be an effective strategy to reduce the risk of @entity8 ( @entity8 ). Several techniques have been described: some imply the staged coverage of the aorta, other the temporarily perfusion of the sac through a branch left unstented or a dedicated branch that will be occluded later. The aim of those is to facilitate the expansion of the collateral network that perfuses the spinal cord. However, each of them, have some disadvantages such as the need of two interventions of big magnitude and the risk of target vessel occlusion or endograft displacement. We describe a new technique to treat @entity7 in a staged manner. TECHNIQUE: The first step of our technique is the thoracoabdominal endograft deployment with the branching of all target vessels; one of these is branched with a bare stent inside which a covered stent will be placed in a second step, which can be perfomed under local anesthesia. We named this technique "open branch" ( @entity6 ). Before insertion of the covered stent, a balloon is inflated inside the bare stent to simulate the complete sac exclusion to evaluate eventual @entity1 . RESULTS: Two @entity0 with Crawford type II @entity7 and one with a suprarenal @entity3 following the open repair of an @entity4 were treated. No cases of @entity8 were observed after the two procedures. Median interval time between the two procedures was 8, 6 weeks (4-16). Between the two steps, no @entity3 growth or @entity2 and no @entity5 or endograft displacement was observed. CONCLUSIONS: These three cases of " @entity6 " technique show that this is a safe and feasible alternative strategy to treat @entity7 in a staged manner.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: The "Open Branch" Technique: A New Way to Prevent Paraplegia After Total Endovascular Repair of Thoracoabdominal XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In-hospital @entity1 (IHCA) has a poor prognosis and clinicians often write "Do-Not-Attempt-Resuscitation" (DNAR) orders based on co-morbidities. AIM: To assess the impact of the Age-combined Charlson Co-morbidity Index (ACCI) on 30-days survival after IHCA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All @entity0 suffering IHCA at Karolinska University Hospital between 1st January and 31st December 2014 were included. Data regarding @entity0 characteristics, co-morbidities and survival were drawn from the electronic @entity0 records. Co-morbidities were assessed prior to the IHCA as ICD-10 codes according to the ACCI. Differences in survival were assessed with adjusted logistic regression models and presented as Odds Ratios with 95% Confidence Intervals (OR, 95% CI) between @entity0 with an ACCI of 0-4 points versus those with 5-7 points, as well as those with >= 8 points. Adjustments included hospital site, heart rhythm, ECG surveillance, witnessed status and place of IHCA. RESULTS: In all, 174 @entity0 suffered IHCA, of whom 41 (24%) survived at least 30 days. @entity0 with an ACCI of 5-7 points had a minor chance and those with an ACCI of >= 8 points had a minimal chance of surviving IHCA compared to those with an ACCI of 0-4 points (adjusted OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.04-0.26 and OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.03-0.42, respectively). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with a moderate or severe burden of ACCI have a minor chance of surviving an IHCA. This information could be used as part of the decision tools during ongoing CPR, and could be an aid for clinicians in planning care and discussing DNAR orders.

title: Survival after in-hospital XXXX is highly associated with the Age-combined Charlson Co-morbidity Index in a cohort study from a two-site Swedish University hospital.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is now considered to be a gasotransmitter and may be involved in the pathological process of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). A majority of APP is associated with mitochondria and is a substrate for the mitochondrial y-secretase. The mitochondria-associated APP metabolism where APP intracellular domains (AICD) and Ab are generated locally and may contribute to @entity3 in @entity1 . Here, we aimed to investigate the ability of @entity5 to mediate APP processing in mitochondria and assessed the possible mechanisms underlying @entity5 -mediated @entity1 development. We treated neurons from APP/ @entity10 @entity0 with a range of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) concentrations. @entity6 attenuated APP processing and decreased Ab production in mitochondria. Meanwhile, @entity6 did not changed @entity8 and @entity11 ( @entity11 ) protein levels, but @entity6 (30   M) significantly increased the levels of @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity9 , and NCT, as well as improved the y-secretase activity, while @entity6 (50   M) exhibits the opposing effects. Furthermore, the intracellular @entity2 and the @entity7 activity of APP/ @entity10 neurons were increased after 30   M @entity6 treatment, while the ROS level was decreased and the MMP was stabilized. The effect of @entity6 differs from DAPT (a non-selective y-secretase inhibitor), and it selectively inhibited y-secretase in vitro, without interacting with Notch and modulating its cleavage. The results indicated that @entity6 decreases Ab accumulation in mitochondria by selectively inhibiting y-secretase. Thus, we provide a mechanistic view of @entity6 is a potential anti- @entity1 drug candidate and it may decrease Ab deposition in mitochondria by selectively inhibiting y-secretase activity and therefore protecting the mitochondrial function during @entity1 conditions.

title: XXXX Selectively Inhibits y-Secretase Activity and Decreases Mitochondrial Ab Production in Neurons from APP/ @entity10 @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is now considered to be a gasotransmitter and may be involved in the pathological process of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). A majority of APP is associated with mitochondria and is a substrate for the mitochondrial y-secretase. The mitochondria-associated APP metabolism where APP intracellular domains (AICD) and Ab are generated locally and may contribute to @entity3 in @entity1 . Here, we aimed to investigate the ability of @entity5 to mediate APP processing in mitochondria and assessed the possible mechanisms underlying @entity5 -mediated @entity1 development. We treated neurons from APP/ @entity10 @entity0 with a range of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) concentrations. @entity6 attenuated APP processing and decreased Ab production in mitochondria. Meanwhile, @entity6 did not changed @entity8 and @entity11 ( @entity11 ) protein levels, but @entity6 (30   M) significantly increased the levels of @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity9 , and NCT, as well as improved the y-secretase activity, while @entity6 (50   M) exhibits the opposing effects. Furthermore, the intracellular @entity2 and the @entity7 activity of APP/ @entity10 neurons were increased after 30   M @entity6 treatment, while the ROS level was decreased and the MMP was stabilized. The effect of @entity6 differs from DAPT (a non-selective y-secretase inhibitor), and it selectively inhibited y-secretase in vitro, without interacting with Notch and modulating its cleavage. The results indicated that @entity6 decreases Ab accumulation in mitochondria by selectively inhibiting y-secretase. Thus, we provide a mechanistic view of @entity6 is a potential anti- @entity1 drug candidate and it may decrease Ab deposition in mitochondria by selectively inhibiting y-secretase activity and therefore protecting the mitochondrial function during @entity1 conditions.

title: @entity4 Selectively Inhibits y-Secretase Activity and Decreases Mitochondrial Ab Production in Neurons from APP/ XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is now considered to be a gasotransmitter and may be involved in the pathological process of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). A majority of APP is associated with mitochondria and is a substrate for the mitochondrial y-secretase. The mitochondria-associated APP metabolism where APP intracellular domains (AICD) and Ab are generated locally and may contribute to @entity3 in @entity1 . Here, we aimed to investigate the ability of @entity5 to mediate APP processing in mitochondria and assessed the possible mechanisms underlying @entity5 -mediated @entity1 development. We treated neurons from APP/ @entity10 @entity0 with a range of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) concentrations. @entity6 attenuated APP processing and decreased Ab production in mitochondria. Meanwhile, @entity6 did not changed @entity8 and @entity11 ( @entity11 ) protein levels, but @entity6 (30   M) significantly increased the levels of @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity9 , and NCT, as well as improved the y-secretase activity, while @entity6 (50   M) exhibits the opposing effects. Furthermore, the intracellular @entity2 and the @entity7 activity of APP/ @entity10 neurons were increased after 30   M @entity6 treatment, while the ROS level was decreased and the MMP was stabilized. The effect of @entity6 differs from DAPT (a non-selective y-secretase inhibitor), and it selectively inhibited y-secretase in vitro, without interacting with Notch and modulating its cleavage. The results indicated that @entity6 decreases Ab accumulation in mitochondria by selectively inhibiting y-secretase. Thus, we provide a mechanistic view of @entity6 is a potential anti- @entity1 drug candidate and it may decrease Ab deposition in mitochondria by selectively inhibiting y-secretase activity and therefore protecting the mitochondrial function during @entity1 conditions.

title: @entity4 Selectively Inhibits y-Secretase Activity and Decreases Mitochondrial Ab Production in Neurons from APP/ @entity10 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The success of @entity4 eradication regimens depends on gastric pH, @entity0 , and mucus thickness. Our aim was to investigate the effects of acid secretion, @entity0 , and mucolysis on gastric antibiotic transfer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 134 anaesthetised @entity1 were given @entity3 , @entity2 , or @entity7 intravenously and gastric contents were aspirated via an indwelling cannula. Acid secretion was controlled by either @entity6 or @entity9 while @entity5 was induced by infection with @entity4 or dosing with @entity8 . Mucolysis was achieved by instilling pronase into the gastric lumen. RESULTS: @entity3 transfer increased with acid secretion and fell with @entity6 , independently of gastric pH. @entity7 was also transferred with acid but was then rapidly degraded. @entity6 prevented this degradation, raising gastric luminal concentrations. @entity6 did not alter @entity2 transfer. @entity5 induced by @entity4 did not alter gastric transfer of @entity3 and @entity2 but that of @entity7 was increased by 23%. However, @entity5 induced by @entity8 reduced @entity7 transfer without any effect on @entity3 or @entity2 transfer. Pronase treatment increased @entity2 transfer fourfold and @entity3 by 66% but reduced @entity7 transfer by 35%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 and @entity7 are predominantly transferred with gastric acid rather than by an acid trapping mechanism. Pronase increases the appearance of @entity2 and @entity3 in gastric secretions.

title: Impact of acid secretion, XXXX , and mucus thickness on gastric transfer of antibiotics in @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The success of @entity4 eradication regimens depends on gastric pH, @entity0 , and mucus thickness. Our aim was to investigate the effects of acid secretion, @entity0 , and mucolysis on gastric antibiotic transfer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 134 anaesthetised @entity1 were given @entity3 , @entity2 , or @entity7 intravenously and gastric contents were aspirated via an indwelling cannula. Acid secretion was controlled by either @entity6 or @entity9 while @entity5 was induced by infection with @entity4 or dosing with @entity8 . Mucolysis was achieved by instilling pronase into the gastric lumen. RESULTS: @entity3 transfer increased with acid secretion and fell with @entity6 , independently of gastric pH. @entity7 was also transferred with acid but was then rapidly degraded. @entity6 prevented this degradation, raising gastric luminal concentrations. @entity6 did not alter @entity2 transfer. @entity5 induced by @entity4 did not alter gastric transfer of @entity3 and @entity2 but that of @entity7 was increased by 23%. However, @entity5 induced by @entity8 reduced @entity7 transfer without any effect on @entity3 or @entity2 transfer. Pronase treatment increased @entity2 transfer fourfold and @entity3 by 66% but reduced @entity7 transfer by 35%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 and @entity7 are predominantly transferred with gastric acid rather than by an acid trapping mechanism. Pronase increases the appearance of @entity2 and @entity3 in gastric secretions.

title: Impact of acid secretion, @entity5 , and mucus thickness on gastric transfer of antibiotics in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Strong antigenic encounter by T cells rapidly induces immunological synapse formation and surface @entity3 ( @entity3 ) downregulation. Although surface @entity3 expression can remain low for several days, T cells can still sustain antigenic signaling. It has been unclear whether prolonged antigenic signaling occurs in the absence of surface @entity3 replenishment, being maintained by a few "nondownregulatable" surface TCRs that might reside in a synaptosomal structure. Alternatively, the low surface @entity3 level induced by antigen might represent a dynamic state of expression involving continual surface @entity3 replenishment, reengagement by antigen, and ongoing downregulation. To resolve this issue, we studied in vivo-generated, dual-specificity primary naive @entity0 (+) T cells. On these cells, antigenic stimulus exclusively downregulated antigen-specific, but not antigen-nonspecific, TCRs. In addition to providing a means to track @entity3 engagement, this also allowed us to use the antigen nonspecific @entity3 to track @entity3 expression in isolation from @entity3 engagement by antigen. Surface @entity3 replenishment began within the first day of stimulation, and occurred synchronously with continuous antigen-specific @entity3 engagement and downregulation. Furthermore, by enhancing @entity2 expression, extended signaling through surface-replenishing TCRs significantly amplified the number of daughter cells generated by naive @entity0 (+) T cells that had already committed to proliferate. This effect required @entity3 engagement and could not be substituted for by @entity1 . These data demonstrate that @entity3 triggering and consumption can occur over an extended period of time, with a significant impact on the effector responses evoked from naive @entity0 (+) T cells.

title: The proliferative capacity of individual naive XXXX (+) T cells is amplified by prolonged T cell antigen receptor triggering.

answer: @entity0


abstract: CB(1) cannabinoid receptors mediate profound @entity4 when cannabinoid agonists are administered to @entity0 . @entity3 , the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), is thought to tonically increase body temperature by activating @entity2 ( @entity1 ) receptors. Because @entity1 antagonists block cannabinoid-induced antinociception and @entity5 , intimate glutamatergic-cannabinoid interactions may exist in the CNS. The present study investigated the effect of two @entity1 antagonists on the hypothermic response to WIN 55212-2 [4,5-dihydro-2-methyl-4(4-morpholinylmethyl)-1-(1-naphthalenyl-carbonyl)-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-i,j]quinolin-6-one], a selective cannabinoid agonist, in @entity0 . @entity6 -2 (1-10 mg/kg i.m.) produced dose-dependent @entity4 that peaked 60 to 180 min postinjection. @entity7 (5-75 mg/kg i.m.), a noncompetitive @entity1 antagonist, or @entity8 [(-)-6-[phosphonomethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-decahydro-isoquinoline-2-carboxylate]](1-4 mg/kg i.m.), a competitive and highly selective @entity1 antagonist, evoked @entity4 in a dose-sensitive manner, suggesting that endogenous @entity3 exerts a hyperthermic tone on body temperature. A dose of @entity7 (10 mg/kg) that did not affect body temperature by itself potentiated the hypothermic response to @entity6 -2 (1, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg). The enhancement was strongly synergistic, indicated by a 2.7-fold increase in the relative potency of @entity6 -2. Similarly, a dose of @entity8 (1 mg/kg) that did not affect body temperature augmented the @entity4 associated with a single dose of @entity6 (2.5 mg/kg), thus confirming that @entity1 receptors mediated the synergy. We have demonstrated previously that CB(1) receptors mediate @entity6 -2-evoked @entity4 in @entity0 . The present data are the first evidence that @entity1 antagonists exert a potentiating effect on cannabinoid-induced @entity4 . Taken together, these data suggest that interactions between @entity1 and CB(1) receptors produce @entity4 .

title: XXXX antagonists and WIN 55212-2 [4,5-dihydro-2-methyl-4(4-morpholinylmethyl)-1-(1-naphthalenyl-carbonyl)-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-i,j]quinolin-6-one], a cannabinoid agonist, interact to produce @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: CB(1) cannabinoid receptors mediate profound @entity4 when cannabinoid agonists are administered to @entity0 . @entity3 , the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), is thought to tonically increase body temperature by activating @entity2 ( @entity1 ) receptors. Because @entity1 antagonists block cannabinoid-induced antinociception and @entity5 , intimate glutamatergic-cannabinoid interactions may exist in the CNS. The present study investigated the effect of two @entity1 antagonists on the hypothermic response to WIN 55212-2 [4,5-dihydro-2-methyl-4(4-morpholinylmethyl)-1-(1-naphthalenyl-carbonyl)-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-i,j]quinolin-6-one], a selective cannabinoid agonist, in @entity0 . @entity6 -2 (1-10 mg/kg i.m.) produced dose-dependent @entity4 that peaked 60 to 180 min postinjection. @entity7 (5-75 mg/kg i.m.), a noncompetitive @entity1 antagonist, or @entity8 [(-)-6-[phosphonomethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-decahydro-isoquinoline-2-carboxylate]](1-4 mg/kg i.m.), a competitive and highly selective @entity1 antagonist, evoked @entity4 in a dose-sensitive manner, suggesting that endogenous @entity3 exerts a hyperthermic tone on body temperature. A dose of @entity7 (10 mg/kg) that did not affect body temperature by itself potentiated the hypothermic response to @entity6 -2 (1, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg). The enhancement was strongly synergistic, indicated by a 2.7-fold increase in the relative potency of @entity6 -2. Similarly, a dose of @entity8 (1 mg/kg) that did not affect body temperature augmented the @entity4 associated with a single dose of @entity6 (2.5 mg/kg), thus confirming that @entity1 receptors mediated the synergy. We have demonstrated previously that CB(1) receptors mediate @entity6 -2-evoked @entity4 in @entity0 . The present data are the first evidence that @entity1 antagonists exert a potentiating effect on cannabinoid-induced @entity4 . Taken together, these data suggest that interactions between @entity1 and CB(1) receptors produce @entity4 .

title: @entity2 antagonists and WIN 55212-2 [4,5-dihydro-2-methyl-4(4-morpholinylmethyl)-1-(1-naphthalenyl-carbonyl)-6H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-i,j]quinolin-6-one], a cannabinoid agonist, interact to produce XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish a nested case-control study cohort in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity0 and investigate the clinical characteristics, WHO subtype and risk factors associated with @entity6 evolution to @entity4 of this cohort. METHODS: All @entity0 , >= 18 years of age, provided by 24 Shanghai hospitals with initial clinical findings consistent with a @entity3 between June 2003 and April 2007, were the candidates for inclusion in this study. The blood and bone marrow samples of every @entity0 should be provided at baseline. Diagnosis was made by incorporating morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and molecular features according to WHO classification criteria. Cytogenetic analysis was performed using conventional G-banding karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. Cumulative risk of evolution was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate Log-rank method and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: A total of 435 @entity0 were diagnosed as @entity6 . The median age of @entity6 onset was 58(18-90) years, with 248 male @entity0 and 187 female @entity0 (male: female 1.33: 1). The percentage of cases with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was the highest (65.5%), while that of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (2.3%), refractory anenia with ring sideroblast (RARS) (1.1%) and @entity7 (0.5%) was lower. Trisomy 8 (+8) was the most common @entity5 (71 cases, 12.7%). The mean follow-up time was 20.3 (4.2-57.1) months. Cases were @entity0 with evolution by the end of follow-up, while controls were @entity0 without evolution by that time. Case group included 41 @entity0 and control group included 342 @entity0 . Univariate analysis showed that the age, sex, WHO subtype, WBC count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), IPSS cytogenetic subgroup, IPSS group and bone marrow blast percentage were significant risk factors for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Multivariate analysis of COX model showed that the age, sex, WHO subtype, IPSS cytogenetic subgroup and bone marrow blast were independent risk factors for @entity4 . CONCLUSION: A nested case-control study cohort of @entity6 @entity0 is established. The clinical characteristics and WHO subtype of @entity6 @entity0 in Chinese Shanghai are different from that in Western countries. The independent risk factors for @entity6 evolution are age, sex, WHO subtype, IPSS cytogenetic subgroup and bone marrow blast percentage.

title: [Establishment of Primary Adult @entity6 Nested Case-Control Study Cohort and Study of Risk Factors Associated with @entity6 Evolution to XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish a nested case-control study cohort in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity0 and investigate the clinical characteristics, WHO subtype and risk factors associated with @entity6 evolution to @entity4 of this cohort. METHODS: All @entity0 , >= 18 years of age, provided by 24 Shanghai hospitals with initial clinical findings consistent with a @entity3 between June 2003 and April 2007, were the candidates for inclusion in this study. The blood and bone marrow samples of every @entity0 should be provided at baseline. Diagnosis was made by incorporating morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and molecular features according to WHO classification criteria. Cytogenetic analysis was performed using conventional G-banding karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. Cumulative risk of evolution was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate Log-rank method and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: A total of 435 @entity0 were diagnosed as @entity6 . The median age of @entity6 onset was 58(18-90) years, with 248 male @entity0 and 187 female @entity0 (male: female 1.33: 1). The percentage of cases with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was the highest (65.5%), while that of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (2.3%), refractory anenia with ring sideroblast (RARS) (1.1%) and @entity7 (0.5%) was lower. Trisomy 8 (+8) was the most common @entity5 (71 cases, 12.7%). The mean follow-up time was 20.3 (4.2-57.1) months. Cases were @entity0 with evolution by the end of follow-up, while controls were @entity0 without evolution by that time. Case group included 41 @entity0 and control group included 342 @entity0 . Univariate analysis showed that the age, sex, WHO subtype, WBC count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), IPSS cytogenetic subgroup, IPSS group and bone marrow blast percentage were significant risk factors for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Multivariate analysis of COX model showed that the age, sex, WHO subtype, IPSS cytogenetic subgroup and bone marrow blast were independent risk factors for @entity4 . CONCLUSION: A nested case-control study cohort of @entity6 @entity0 is established. The clinical characteristics and WHO subtype of @entity6 @entity0 in Chinese Shanghai are different from that in Western countries. The independent risk factors for @entity6 evolution are age, sex, WHO subtype, IPSS cytogenetic subgroup and bone marrow blast percentage.

title: [Establishment of Primary Adult XXXX Nested Case-Control Study Cohort and Study of Risk Factors Associated with @entity6 Evolution to @entity4 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish a nested case-control study cohort in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity0 and investigate the clinical characteristics, WHO subtype and risk factors associated with @entity6 evolution to @entity4 of this cohort. METHODS: All @entity0 , >= 18 years of age, provided by 24 Shanghai hospitals with initial clinical findings consistent with a @entity3 between June 2003 and April 2007, were the candidates for inclusion in this study. The blood and bone marrow samples of every @entity0 should be provided at baseline. Diagnosis was made by incorporating morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and molecular features according to WHO classification criteria. Cytogenetic analysis was performed using conventional G-banding karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. Cumulative risk of evolution was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate Log-rank method and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: A total of 435 @entity0 were diagnosed as @entity6 . The median age of @entity6 onset was 58(18-90) years, with 248 male @entity0 and 187 female @entity0 (male: female 1.33: 1). The percentage of cases with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was the highest (65.5%), while that of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (2.3%), refractory anenia with ring sideroblast (RARS) (1.1%) and @entity7 (0.5%) was lower. Trisomy 8 (+8) was the most common @entity5 (71 cases, 12.7%). The mean follow-up time was 20.3 (4.2-57.1) months. Cases were @entity0 with evolution by the end of follow-up, while controls were @entity0 without evolution by that time. Case group included 41 @entity0 and control group included 342 @entity0 . Univariate analysis showed that the age, sex, WHO subtype, WBC count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), IPSS cytogenetic subgroup, IPSS group and bone marrow blast percentage were significant risk factors for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Multivariate analysis of COX model showed that the age, sex, WHO subtype, IPSS cytogenetic subgroup and bone marrow blast were independent risk factors for @entity4 . CONCLUSION: A nested case-control study cohort of @entity6 @entity0 is established. The clinical characteristics and WHO subtype of @entity6 @entity0 in Chinese Shanghai are different from that in Western countries. The independent risk factors for @entity6 evolution are age, sex, WHO subtype, IPSS cytogenetic subgroup and bone marrow blast percentage.

title: [Establishment of Primary Adult @entity6 Nested Case-Control Study Cohort and Study of Risk Factors Associated with XXXX Evolution to @entity4 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity1 of the lower urinary tract are a significant cause of morbidity in infancy. Radiologic investigation is an important source of clinical information in lower @entity4 but should not inconvenience the @entity0 , expose the @entity0 to unnecessary radiation, or delay surgical correction. In pediatric @entity0 with suspected underlying @entity4 , screening ultrasonography is commonly the initial diagnostic study. If dilatation of the urinary tract is confirmed, voiding cystourethrography is performed to determine the presence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and other causes of upper tract dilatation. If @entity3 is confirmed, follow-up with nuclear cystography or echo-enhanced cystosonography may be performed. If @entity3 is excluded, nuclear diuresis renography is the primary test for differentiating between obstructed and nonobstructed megaureter. Intravenous urography can be used to specifically identify an area of obstruction and to determine the presence of duplex collecting systems and a ureterocele. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are unsuitable for general screening but provide superb anatomic detail and added diagnostic specificity. MR imaging is mandatory in the evaluation of associated @entity1 . MR urography can demonstrate ectopic extravesical ureteric insertions, thereby providing a global view of the @entity2 . Familiarity with anomalies of the lower urinary tract is essential for correct diagnosis and appropriate management.

title: Anomalies of the distal ureter, bladder, and urethra in XXXX : embryologic, radiologic, and pathologic features.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity3 - and @entity0 -stimulated @entity5 (EC 3.6.1.3; @entity2 phosphohydrolase) (bacterial coupling factor) was purified from two strains of @entity1 by two different procedures: (a) method of Nelson, Kanner, and Gutnick [Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA (1974) 71, 2720-2724] and (b) a modified procedure described in this paper. The @entity5 purified from @entity4 (lambda) by the first procedure had 4 subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, and epsilon). It did not bind to a deficient membrane, nor did it reconstitute @entity2 -driven transhydrogenase activity. Our modified procedure (b) yielded 5 subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon). This @entity5 could bind to a deficient membrane and reconstitute @entity2 -driven transhydrogenase. This finding suggests that the delta subunit is required for the reaction with the membrane. The molecular weight of the 4-subunit @entity5 was significantly lower than that of the 5-subunit @entity5 , as judged by equilibrium centrifugation. The specific @entity5 activities of both preparations were about the same. These two procedures were also applied to @entity1 ML308-225.

title: Purification and properties of reconstitutively active and inactive adenosinetriphosphatase from XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 @entity2 multicellular spheroids xenografted subcutaneously in CD-1 @entity1 @entity3 , or dormancy, of up to 52 days. In the study reported here, implanted @entity5 spheroids were used for testing the role of angiogenesis and vascular maturation in triggering the @entity0 progression. The kinetics and impact of neovascular maturation and functionality, in dormancy, and growth of @entity5 spheroid xenografts were studied noninvasively by BOLD contrast MRI. MR data were supported by histologic staining for biotinylated albumin as a blood pool marker and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) as marker for perivascular mural cells. Although the @entity0 periphery showed higher levels of total and mature vasculature than normal skin, the fraction of mature out of the total vessels as detected by MRI vascular maturation index (VMI(MRI)) was significantly lower in the @entity0 both before and after @entity0 exit from dormancy. The neovasculature induced by the implanted spheroid was unstable and showed cycles of vessel growth and regression. Surprisingly, this instability was not restricted to the immature vessels, but rather included also regression of mature vessels. During dormancy, neovasculature was predominantly peripheral with no infiltration into the implanted spheroid. Infiltration of @entity4 positive stroma cells into the spheroid was associated with functional vascularization and @entity0 growth. Thus, stroma infiltration and vascular maturation are an important checkpoint linking the angiogenic switch with @entity0 progression.

title: The role of angiogenesis, vascular maturation, regression and stroma infiltration in dormancy and growth of XXXX spheroids.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Bronchial washings are used routinely in the diagnosis of @entity0 . However, unlike other @entity1 , the diagnosis of @entity3 on bronchial washings is difficult. We reviewed 17 cases of histologically proven @entity3 from the files of the cytology laboratory over a period of 15 yr (1986-2001). The bronchial washings and histology sections of all the cases were reviewed separately by two independent observers and the results tabulated. Two cases had inadequate bronchial washings for evaluation and were excluded from the study. A growth was identified on bronchoscopy in 13 of 15 cases. Initial cytologic diagnoses were ? @entity2 /? @entity3 and suspicious of @entity3 in one case each. However, on review, @entity1 was identified in 10 of 13 cases initially considered to be negative. The possible reasons for a false-negative report on initial cytology include the paucity of @entity1 cell fragments in the bronchial washings (5 of 12 cases showing only one to two @entity1 fragments) and their bland appearance, often being mistaken for benign columnar cells. This study highlights the potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of @entity3 on bronchial washings and underlines the importance of a diligent search in cases with high clinical suspicion and positive bronchoscopic findings.

title: XXXX of the lung: a diagnostic challenge in bronchial washings.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the presenting features and the outcome of surgically treated @entity3 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of all consecutive cases with preoperatively suspected or proven @entity5 , treated between 1964 and 1994, in order to have full 5-year survival data. RESULTS: Seventy-three @entity0 were retrieved, six had a postoperative histology other than @entity6 . The mean age of the 67 eligible cases was 44 years (range 17-74). There were 59 typical and eight atypical @entity6 . The most frequent presenting symptom was @entity4 , followed by haemoptysis. Sixteen @entity0 were asymptomatic, 15 of these had an abnormal chest X-ray, showing a solitary nodule in 13. Bronchoscopy was abnormal in almost all symptomatic @entity0 . Bronchial biopsy results suggested a @entity3 in seven of eight @entity0 whose postoperative histology was found to be @entity6 . There were 40 lobectomies, 14 bi-lobectomies, nine pneumonectomies, and four limited resections. Ten @entity0 had lymph node involvement (seven typical and three atypical). There was no correlation between the diameter of the primary @entity3 and the presence of nodal involvement. In particular, three of eight peripheral lesions <30 mm were found to have metastatic lymph nodes. The 5-year survival was 92% (95% in N0 versus 56% in N1-2; 92% in typical versus 67% in atypical). The 10-year survival was 84%. CONCLUSION: The specific diagnosis of @entity6 cannot be reliably made on bronchial biopsies. No relationship was found between @entity3 size and the presence of lymph node @entity2 , suggesting that radical excision with detailed lymph node sampling is as important in @entity6 as in other @entity1 . Long-term survival was excellent, nodal status and pathology (typical/atypical) were independent prognostic factors.

title: Clinical-radiological presentation and outcome of surgically treated XXXX : a long-term single institution experience.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. This review is prepared to indicate possible future challenges related to @entity1 control and it includes previous reports of drug-resistant surveys in Ethiopia. Drug-resistant @entity1 , both initial and acquired, was reported from different regions of the country. In studies from 1984 to 2001, the initial resistance to isoniazid ranges from 2% to 21% and initial resistance to @entity5 ranges from 2 to 20%. Multidrug-resistance (MDR) @entity1 defined as resistance to at least @entity3 and @entity2 was also reported in about 1.2% of new cases and 12% of re-treatment cases. In all studies which included @entity4 susceptibility test, @entity4 resistance is either nil or very low (below 0.5%). All MDR isolates were susceptible to @entity4 . Treatment and re-treatment regimens recommended by the National @entity1 /Leprosy Control Program could be effective on all cases other than those with @entity6 . @entity6 is difficult to cure. Therefore, special emphasis should be given to control the spread of @entity6 . Lack of control efforts may lead to the increased resistance to both first- and second-line drugs. A well supported and controlled special treatment unit, which uses both first-line and second-line drugs is required for a proper management of these cases and for effective control of the spread of @entity6 . A uniform susceptibility to @entity4 can be taken as an advantage to develop standard low-cost re-treatment regimen for @entity6 @entity0 .

title: XXXX in Ethiopia: problem scenarios and recommendation.

answer: @entity6