abstract: PURPOSE: In early clinical testing, most novel targeted anticancer therapies have limited @entity3 and limited efficacy, which complicates dose and schedule selection for these agents. Confirmation of target inhibition is critical for rational drug development; however, repeated @entity1 biopsies are often impractical and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and normal skin are often inadequate surrogates for @entity1 tissue. Based upon the similarities of @entity1 and wound stroma, we have developed a clinical dermal granulation tissue model to evaluate novel targeted therapies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: A 4-mm skin punch biopsy was used to stimulate wound healing and a repeat 5-mm punch biopsy was used to harvest the resulting granulation tissue. This assay was performed at pretreatment and on-treatment evaluating four targeted therapies, bevacizumab, @entity6 , @entity8 , and panitumumab, in the context of three different clinical trials. Total and phosphorylated levels @entity4 , S6RP, and @entity5 were evaluated using ELISA-based methodologies. RESULTS: Significant and consistent inhibition of the @entity2 pathway (using @entity4 as the readout) was observed in granulation tissue biopsies from @entity0 treated with bevacizumab and @entity6 . In addition, significant and consistent inhibition of the @entity7 pathway (using S6RP as the readout) was observed in @entity0 treated with @entity6 . Finally, significant inhibition of the @entity5 pathway (using @entity5 as the readout) was observed in @entity0 treated with panitumumab, but this was not observed in @entity0 treated with @entity8 . CONCLUSION: Molecular analyses of dermal granulation tissue can be used as a convenient and quantitative pharmacodynamic biomarker platform for multiple classes of targeted therapies. Clin Cancer Res; 1-11.   2015 AACR.

title: Direct Evidence of Target Inhibition with Anti- @entity2 , @entity5 , and XXXX Therapies in a Clinical Model of Wound Healing.

answer: @entity7


abstract: The most important indications for passive immunotherapy in the field of @entity1 are reviewed. Intramuscular immunoglobulins are useful in prophylaxis and treatment of diseases due to bacterial exotoxins and in prophylaxis of some @entity3 . However, their efficacy against @entity5 has not been demonstrated. Intravenous immunoglobulins have theoretical advantages in these infections. The few clinical studies performed in neonates and in @entity0 of surgical intensive care units have suggested modest benefits. However, these studies did not allow to decide whether intravenous immunoglobulins have a role in these situations. Another approach still under investigation is to administer polyclonal antibodies directed against the central part of the endotoxin, the structure of which is well preserved among gram-negative bacteria. These antibodies have improved the survival of @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity2 . When given prophylactically, they have reduced the incidence of @entity6 and related mortality in @entity0 from surgical intensive care units. Further studies are in progress to determine the class and the precise specificity of these protective antibodies.

title: [Indications for passive immunotherapy in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the relationship of smoking and @entity2 in @entity0 undergoing radical prostatectomy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 2290 @entity0 who underwent radical prostatectomy from the Shared Equal Access Regional @entity1 Hospital database from 2000 to 2013 was carried out. There were 1592 (70%) non-smokers and 698 (30%) smokers at radical prostatectomy. Logistic regression was used to examine whether smoking predicted Gleason score (>= 4   +   3), margin status, extracapsular extension or seminal vesicle invasion. Linear regression was used to test the relationship between smoking and @entity1 volume. RESULTS: Smokers were younger, more likely to be black, had lower body mass index, higher pathological Gleason score, more positive margins and extracapsular extension (all P   <   0.05) versus non-smokers. On crude analysis, smoking was associated with positive margins (odds ratio 1.32; P   =   0.003) and extracapsular extension (odds ratio 1.26; P   =   0.036). After adjusting for multiple clinical factors, smoking remained associated with a 19-35% increased risk of every adverse feature studied, though only the association with extracapsular extension reached significance. On multivariable analysis, a trend for smokers to have larger @entity1 volumes (geometric mean 5.8 vs 5.3   g; P   =   0.062) was found. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 undergoing radical prostatectomy, there seems to be a trend for smokers to have worse pathological features compared with non-/former smokers. If confirmed in future studies, smoking should be considered a modifiable risk factor for @entity2 .

title: Smoking is a predictor of adverse pathological features at radical prostatectomy: Results from the Shared Equal Access Regional XXXX Hospital database.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We investigated the nutritional and survival outcomes of medical nutrition therapy by a registered dietitian, along with support from a dedicated nutrition and metabolic support team in @entity2 @entity0 requiring enteral or parenteral nutrition. METHODS: Subjective global assessment (SGA) was used to assess nutritional status in 304 @entity2 @entity0 . Using baseline and last SGA, @entity0 were categorized into 3 groups: improved SGA, deteriorated SGA, and unchanged SGA. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to calculate survival after controlling for relevant confounders. RESULTS: One-hundred twenty-five (41.1%) @entity0 had their SGA unchanged, 87 (28.6%) @entity0 had "improved SGA," whereas 92 (30.3%) @entity0 had "deteriorated SGA." On univariate survival analysis, the median survival was 7.8, 11.2, and 12.6 months for deteriorated, unchanged, and improved SGA groups, respectively. On multivariate analysis, change in SGA was independently predictive of survival. @entity0 with deteriorated SGA had 1.5 times (95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.1) greater risk of mortality compared to those with improved SGA. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of @entity2 @entity0 (70%) in our study either maintained or improved their nutritional status during @entity1 treatment. Improvement in SGA correlated with a significantly decreased risk of mortality independent of sex, previous treatment history, and evidence of biological anticancer activity.

title: Outcomes of Systematic Nutritional Assessment and Medical Nutrition Therapy in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Following metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty (THA), immunological reactions including changes in lymphocyte populations, @entity4 , and @entity7 occur. We hypothesized that changes in lymphocyte subpopulations would be associated with elevated metal ion concentrations. METHODS: A randomized trial involving 85 @entity0 matched for age and sex and randomized to receiving metal-on-metal (n = 41) or metal-on- @entity3 total hip arthroplasty (n = 44) was conducted. 36 @entity0 were eligible for follow-up after mean 7 (6-8) years. Concentrations of @entity6 and @entity5 were analyzed by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Leukocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulins in @entity0 blood were measured using standard laboratory methods. RESULTS: @entity0 with a metal-on-metal hip had higher serum concentrations of @entity6 (1.05 vs. 0.36  g/L; p < 0.001) and @entity5 (0.86 vs. 0.24  g/L; p < 0.001) than those with metal-on- @entity3 . The percentage of HLA DR(+) @entity2 (+) T-cells was higher in the metal-on-metal group (10.6 vs. 6.7%; p = 0.03) and correlated positively with @entity6 and @entity5 concentrations in @entity0 blood (Pearson's correlation coefficient: 0.39, p = 0.02; 0.36, p = 0.03, respectively). The percentage of B-cells was lower in the metal-on-metal group (p = 0.01). The two groups were similar with respect to immunoglobulin concentrations and Harris hip scores, and there were no radiographic signs of loosening. INTERPRETATION: We conclude that immunological alterations appear to be associated with increased @entity5 and @entity6 concentrations. It is tempting to speculate that HLA DR(+) @entity2 (+) T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1 , implant loosening, and @entity7 .

title: Elevation of circulating HLA DR(+) @entity2 (+) T-cells and correlation with @entity6 and XXXX concentrations 6 years after metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Following metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty (THA), immunological reactions including changes in lymphocyte populations, @entity4 , and @entity7 occur. We hypothesized that changes in lymphocyte subpopulations would be associated with elevated metal ion concentrations. METHODS: A randomized trial involving 85 @entity0 matched for age and sex and randomized to receiving metal-on-metal (n = 41) or metal-on- @entity3 total hip arthroplasty (n = 44) was conducted. 36 @entity0 were eligible for follow-up after mean 7 (6-8) years. Concentrations of @entity6 and @entity5 were analyzed by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Leukocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulins in @entity0 blood were measured using standard laboratory methods. RESULTS: @entity0 with a metal-on-metal hip had higher serum concentrations of @entity6 (1.05 vs. 0.36  g/L; p < 0.001) and @entity5 (0.86 vs. 0.24  g/L; p < 0.001) than those with metal-on- @entity3 . The percentage of HLA DR(+) @entity2 (+) T-cells was higher in the metal-on-metal group (10.6 vs. 6.7%; p = 0.03) and correlated positively with @entity6 and @entity5 concentrations in @entity0 blood (Pearson's correlation coefficient: 0.39, p = 0.02; 0.36, p = 0.03, respectively). The percentage of B-cells was lower in the metal-on-metal group (p = 0.01). The two groups were similar with respect to immunoglobulin concentrations and Harris hip scores, and there were no radiographic signs of loosening. INTERPRETATION: We conclude that immunological alterations appear to be associated with increased @entity5 and @entity6 concentrations. It is tempting to speculate that HLA DR(+) @entity2 (+) T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1 , implant loosening, and @entity7 .

title: Elevation of circulating HLA DR(+) XXXX (+) T-cells and correlation with @entity6 and @entity5 concentrations 6 years after metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Following metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty (THA), immunological reactions including changes in lymphocyte populations, @entity4 , and @entity7 occur. We hypothesized that changes in lymphocyte subpopulations would be associated with elevated metal ion concentrations. METHODS: A randomized trial involving 85 @entity0 matched for age and sex and randomized to receiving metal-on-metal (n = 41) or metal-on- @entity3 total hip arthroplasty (n = 44) was conducted. 36 @entity0 were eligible for follow-up after mean 7 (6-8) years. Concentrations of @entity6 and @entity5 were analyzed by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Leukocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulins in @entity0 blood were measured using standard laboratory methods. RESULTS: @entity0 with a metal-on-metal hip had higher serum concentrations of @entity6 (1.05 vs. 0.36  g/L; p < 0.001) and @entity5 (0.86 vs. 0.24  g/L; p < 0.001) than those with metal-on- @entity3 . The percentage of HLA DR(+) @entity2 (+) T-cells was higher in the metal-on-metal group (10.6 vs. 6.7%; p = 0.03) and correlated positively with @entity6 and @entity5 concentrations in @entity0 blood (Pearson's correlation coefficient: 0.39, p = 0.02; 0.36, p = 0.03, respectively). The percentage of B-cells was lower in the metal-on-metal group (p = 0.01). The two groups were similar with respect to immunoglobulin concentrations and Harris hip scores, and there were no radiographic signs of loosening. INTERPRETATION: We conclude that immunological alterations appear to be associated with increased @entity5 and @entity6 concentrations. It is tempting to speculate that HLA DR(+) @entity2 (+) T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of @entity1 , implant loosening, and @entity7 .

title: Elevation of circulating HLA DR(+) @entity2 (+) T-cells and correlation with XXXX and @entity5 concentrations 6 years after metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Pregnancy is a state of hypercoagulobility that might be an evolutionary way of protecting parturients from exsanguination following @entity0 birth. Observational studies suggest an association between a low level of @entity3 (coagulation factor I) at the start of postpartum @entity2 (PPH) and subsequent severity of @entity2 . @entity3 concentrate may be prescribed to correct acquired hypofibrinogenaemia, but evidence is lacking regarding the treatment efficacy. This thesis assesses the current evidence for the use of @entity3 concentrate and haemostatic assessment in @entity2 @entity0 with special attention to the obstetrical population. It includes five papers: In Paper I the benefits or harms of @entity3 concentrate in @entity2 @entity0 in general was evaluated using a systematic Cochrane review methodology with metaanalysis of all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Six trials with high risk of bias were included (248 @entity0 ). @entity3 appeared to reduce the need of allogenic transfusions by 53%. However, the included trials were conducted only in an elective surgical setting with a population of mainly cardiac surgical @entity0 . Paper II was also a systematic review based on Cochrane methodology evaluating the use of viscoelastic haemostatic assays to guide haemostatic transfusion in @entity2 @entity0 . Nine RCTs (776 @entity0 ) with high risk of bias were included primarily in elective cardiac surgical @entity0 and none were specific for the obstetric subpopulation. Viscoelastic haemostatic assay guided transfusion algorithm reduced @entity1 and the proportion of @entity0 exposed to fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or platelets. In both studies, we were unable to make firm conclusion on our primary outcome, "all cause mortality" due to lack of adequate data. Paper III was based on two national Danish registries evaluating the predictability of postpartum blood transfusion. Prediction was found difficult. However, retained placental parts seemed to be the strongest predictor. Since this diagnosis is made very late and often in association with the onset of @entity2 , tools to perform an early diagnosis is highly warranted. Paper IV includes recommendations of the European Society of Anaesthesiology regarding the use of @entity3 concentrate in PPH, and is based on very weak (GRADE 2) evidence and low confidence in estimates of effect (GRADE C). Paper V describes the protocol for a RCT of early @entity3 supplementation in @entity0 with severe postpartum @entity2 . Several practical, ethical and trial management challenges need to be addressed when conducting independent clinical research involving parturients with severe @entity2 , placebo-controlled and blinded administration of a drug in a multicenter set-up with enrolments during the entire day and with many personnel involved.

title: The role of @entity3 and haemostatic assessment in postpartum XXXX : preparations for a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Pregnancy is a state of hypercoagulobility that might be an evolutionary way of protecting parturients from exsanguination following @entity0 birth. Observational studies suggest an association between a low level of @entity3 (coagulation factor I) at the start of postpartum @entity2 (PPH) and subsequent severity of @entity2 . @entity3 concentrate may be prescribed to correct acquired hypofibrinogenaemia, but evidence is lacking regarding the treatment efficacy. This thesis assesses the current evidence for the use of @entity3 concentrate and haemostatic assessment in @entity2 @entity0 with special attention to the obstetrical population. It includes five papers: In Paper I the benefits or harms of @entity3 concentrate in @entity2 @entity0 in general was evaluated using a systematic Cochrane review methodology with metaanalysis of all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Six trials with high risk of bias were included (248 @entity0 ). @entity3 appeared to reduce the need of allogenic transfusions by 53%. However, the included trials were conducted only in an elective surgical setting with a population of mainly cardiac surgical @entity0 . Paper II was also a systematic review based on Cochrane methodology evaluating the use of viscoelastic haemostatic assays to guide haemostatic transfusion in @entity2 @entity0 . Nine RCTs (776 @entity0 ) with high risk of bias were included primarily in elective cardiac surgical @entity0 and none were specific for the obstetric subpopulation. Viscoelastic haemostatic assay guided transfusion algorithm reduced @entity1 and the proportion of @entity0 exposed to fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or platelets. In both studies, we were unable to make firm conclusion on our primary outcome, "all cause mortality" due to lack of adequate data. Paper III was based on two national Danish registries evaluating the predictability of postpartum blood transfusion. Prediction was found difficult. However, retained placental parts seemed to be the strongest predictor. Since this diagnosis is made very late and often in association with the onset of @entity2 , tools to perform an early diagnosis is highly warranted. Paper IV includes recommendations of the European Society of Anaesthesiology regarding the use of @entity3 concentrate in PPH, and is based on very weak (GRADE 2) evidence and low confidence in estimates of effect (GRADE C). Paper V describes the protocol for a RCT of early @entity3 supplementation in @entity0 with severe postpartum @entity2 . Several practical, ethical and trial management challenges need to be addressed when conducting independent clinical research involving parturients with severe @entity2 , placebo-controlled and blinded administration of a drug in a multicenter set-up with enrolments during the entire day and with many personnel involved.

title: The role of XXXX and haemostatic assessment in postpartum @entity2 : preparations for a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Oncological treatment of @entity1 has been available in Greenland since 2004. We evaluated @entity0 characteristics and survival rates for the first six years of @entity1 treatment. METHODS: From September 2004 to August 2010, a total of 173 @entity0 with @entity1 were referred to treatment at Queen Ingrid's Hospital. On 1 February 2014, treatment results, survival, and prognostic variables were analysed. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 63 years. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was diagnosed in 145 @entity0 (84%); 56% had @entity5 , 34% had @entity4 , 2% had large cell @entity3 and 8% had @entity6 not otherwise specified (NOS). In all, 28 (16%) had @entity2 . A total of 142 @entity0 (82%) received treatment; 20 underwent surgery (ten stage Ib, one stage IIa, five stage IIb, four stage IIIa); palliative chemotherapy was given to 122 of the 142 treated @entity0 (86%). Of these, 36 @entity0 (30%) received second-line chemotherapy.The median survival of @entity0 undergoing primary lobectomy/pneumonectomy, palliative chemotherapy, and no treatment was 76.3 months, 11.8 months, and 2.0 months, respectively (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Evaluation of the first six years of @entity1 treatment in Greenland revealed a disease incidence and survival comparable to those found in the Nordic countries. To further decrease mortality from @entity1 , health-care resources should continue to be allocated to the prevention and treatment of @entity1 in Greenland. FUNDING: not relevant. TRIAL REGISTRATION: not relevant.

title: Incidence and survival from XXXX in Greenland is comparable to survival in the Nordic countries.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The main treatment strategy of @entity2 @entity0 with brain meta- stasis is irradiation, while so far there is few research concerning chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for these @entity0 . The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect and @entity5 of chemotherapy with VPC regimen combined with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) with @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 60 @entity6 @entity0 with @entity4 received a cycle of VPC regimen ( @entity12 60mg/m   iv on days 1-5, @entity9 35mg/m   iv on days 1-3, @entity13 80mg/m   PO on day 1) every 3-4 weeks. WBRT was administered on day 6 of the first cycle of chemotherapy at a dose of 2Gy given in 5 fractions per week. @entity0 with less than 3 @entity4 received WBRT at a dose of 30Gy and then small field radiotherapy up to total dose of 50Gy, otherwise they received WBRT at a total dose of 40Gy. Response was evaluated by brain and chest CT or MRI after WBRT and at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy were completed. RESULTS: All the @entity0 completed WBRT combined with chemotherapy. Total response rate of primary @entity1 was 46.7%, with 4 cases of CR. The objective brain response rate was 60.0%, with 11 cases of CR and 25 cases of PR. Symptom relief was observed in all 48 @entity0 with @entity3 . Main adverse effects were myelotoxicity, @entity7 / @entity8 , @entity10 and @entity11 . The follow-up rate was 93.3% with a median survival duration of 11.3 months. The 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rate was 43.3%, 35.0% and 6.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy combined with WBRT can be safely performed for @entity6 with @entity4 and its short-term response is quite satisfactory. It may be worthy of further clinical investigation.

title: [VPC regimen combined with whole-brain radiotherapy in the treatment of XXXX with @entity4 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The main treatment strategy of @entity2 @entity0 with brain meta- stasis is irradiation, while so far there is few research concerning chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for these @entity0 . The aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect and @entity5 of chemotherapy with VPC regimen combined with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) with @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 60 @entity6 @entity0 with @entity4 received a cycle of VPC regimen ( @entity12 60mg/m   iv on days 1-5, @entity9 35mg/m   iv on days 1-3, @entity13 80mg/m   PO on day 1) every 3-4 weeks. WBRT was administered on day 6 of the first cycle of chemotherapy at a dose of 2Gy given in 5 fractions per week. @entity0 with less than 3 @entity4 received WBRT at a dose of 30Gy and then small field radiotherapy up to total dose of 50Gy, otherwise they received WBRT at a total dose of 40Gy. Response was evaluated by brain and chest CT or MRI after WBRT and at least 2 cycles of chemotherapy were completed. RESULTS: All the @entity0 completed WBRT combined with chemotherapy. Total response rate of primary @entity1 was 46.7%, with 4 cases of CR. The objective brain response rate was 60.0%, with 11 cases of CR and 25 cases of PR. Symptom relief was observed in all 48 @entity0 with @entity3 . Main adverse effects were myelotoxicity, @entity7 / @entity8 , @entity10 and @entity11 . The follow-up rate was 93.3% with a median survival duration of 11.3 months. The 1-, 2- and 5-year survival rate was 43.3%, 35.0% and 6.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy combined with WBRT can be safely performed for @entity6 with @entity4 and its short-term response is quite satisfactory. It may be worthy of further clinical investigation.

title: [VPC regimen combined with whole-brain radiotherapy in the treatment of @entity6 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the growing tendency toward tooth-colored restorations in dentistry, polymerization shrinkage and subsequent marginal microleakage remains a problem. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare microleakage between @entity5 -based and @entity3 -based composite resins at different time intervals and with different restorative techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro study, 108 sound extracted @entity0 molar teeth were used. Mesial and distal proximal class II boxes with dimensions of 1.5 mm depth and 4 mm width were prepared. The gingival margins of all cavities were 1 mm below the cement enamel junction. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups based on test materials. In the first group, the teeth were restored by a nanocomposite (Filtek Z350XT, 3MESPE) and SE Bond adhesive (Kuraray, Japan), in the second group, the teeth were restored with a @entity5 -based (Filtek @entity4 , 3MESPE) and Filtek @entity4 Adhesive (3M ESPE, USA) and in the third group, the teeth were restored with a microhybrid posterior composite resin (Filtek @entity6 , 3MESPE) and SE Bond adhesive (Kuraray, Japan). Half of the proximal cavities in each of these three groups were restored in two horizontal layers and the other half in four horizontal layers. After a period of aging (24-h, 3-month and 6-month) in water and then application of 500 thermal cycles, the teeth were immersed for 24-h in 0.5% @entity2 and evaluated under a stereomicroscope at *36 magnification to evaluate leakage in @entity1 . Data was statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. P  <= 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: In Z350XT statistically significant differences were observed in microleakage in comparison of 24-h and 6-month intervals (P = 0.01) that was higher in 6-month. Comparison of microleakage in @entity4 and @entity6 composite resins was also statistically significant and was less in @entity4 . Microleakage was not significantly different between @entity4 and Z350XT at 24-h. However, this difference was significant at 3-month and 6-month intervals. Differences in microleakage of @entity6 and Z-350XT composite resins were not statistically significant in all intervals (P = 0.38). @entity4 showed the lowest microleakage during storage in water. Z350XT had microleakage similar to @entity4 within 24-h, but after 6-month of storage in water, it showed the highest microleakage among all the groups. The number of layers (2 layers vs. 4 layers) did not result in any differences in microleakage scores of the composite resins (P = 0.42). CONCLUSION: Water storage times did not result in any significant effect on microleakage of @entity4 and @entity6 .

title: Comparison of microleakage in Class II cavities restored with @entity5 -based and XXXX -based composite resins using different restorative techniques over time.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the growing tendency toward tooth-colored restorations in dentistry, polymerization shrinkage and subsequent marginal microleakage remains a problem. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare microleakage between @entity5 -based and @entity3 -based composite resins at different time intervals and with different restorative techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro study, 108 sound extracted @entity0 molar teeth were used. Mesial and distal proximal class II boxes with dimensions of 1.5 mm depth and 4 mm width were prepared. The gingival margins of all cavities were 1 mm below the cement enamel junction. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups based on test materials. In the first group, the teeth were restored by a nanocomposite (Filtek Z350XT, 3MESPE) and SE Bond adhesive (Kuraray, Japan), in the second group, the teeth were restored with a @entity5 -based (Filtek @entity4 , 3MESPE) and Filtek @entity4 Adhesive (3M ESPE, USA) and in the third group, the teeth were restored with a microhybrid posterior composite resin (Filtek @entity6 , 3MESPE) and SE Bond adhesive (Kuraray, Japan). Half of the proximal cavities in each of these three groups were restored in two horizontal layers and the other half in four horizontal layers. After a period of aging (24-h, 3-month and 6-month) in water and then application of 500 thermal cycles, the teeth were immersed for 24-h in 0.5% @entity2 and evaluated under a stereomicroscope at *36 magnification to evaluate leakage in @entity1 . Data was statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. P  <= 0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS: In Z350XT statistically significant differences were observed in microleakage in comparison of 24-h and 6-month intervals (P = 0.01) that was higher in 6-month. Comparison of microleakage in @entity4 and @entity6 composite resins was also statistically significant and was less in @entity4 . Microleakage was not significantly different between @entity4 and Z350XT at 24-h. However, this difference was significant at 3-month and 6-month intervals. Differences in microleakage of @entity6 and Z-350XT composite resins were not statistically significant in all intervals (P = 0.38). @entity4 showed the lowest microleakage during storage in water. Z350XT had microleakage similar to @entity4 within 24-h, but after 6-month of storage in water, it showed the highest microleakage among all the groups. The number of layers (2 layers vs. 4 layers) did not result in any differences in microleakage scores of the composite resins (P = 0.42). CONCLUSION: Water storage times did not result in any significant effect on microleakage of @entity4 and @entity6 .

title: Comparison of microleakage in Class II cavities restored with XXXX -based and @entity3 -based composite resins using different restorative techniques over time.

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: To study the varies and effects of ischemic preconditioning of myocardium on every part of adrenergic receptor-adenyl cyclase system in @entity0 in vivo. METHODS: SD @entity0 were randomly divided into three groups: CON group (n = 6), IP group (n = 12) and I/R group (n = 12). Surgical procedure included intermittent @entity5 and reperfusion. After the procedure, the hearts were extracted. We analyzed the @entity4 size by TTC staining, measured serum myocardial enzymes, studied the beta-AR Bmax and @entity3 by radioligand binding assay of receptors (RAB), and checked the activity of AC and the content of @entity2 by radioimmunoassay (RIA). RESULTS: @entity4 area were much smaller in IP group than in I/R group (P < 0.05). CK, CK-MB, LDH were significantly higher in I/R group (P < 0.01). The Bmax of beta-AR in IP group were much higher than in I/R group (P < 0.01). No difference of @entity3 could be seen between IP and I/R group. In IP group, the activity of AC and the content of @entity2 were higher than I/R group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ischemic preconditioning can protect the heart from @entity1 and reduce endo-enzyme leakage. Ischemic preconditioning can increase the density of beta-AR, the activity of AC and the content of @entity2 , which shows that the system of adrenergic receptor-adenyl cyclase system probably takes part in the protection of IP.

title: [The change of adrenergic receptor-adenyl cyclase system on myocardial ischemic preconditioning in XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: A 10- year-old @entity0 presented with a slow growing @entity1 . The initial general examination did not reveal any significant findings. METHODS: Conservative enucleation of the cyst confirmed it to be an odontogenic keratocyst. The @entity0 remained asymptomatic for the following 2 years and subsequently presented @entity5 in jaws with displaced teeth. These cysts were enucleated and were confirmed to be odontogenic keratocysts . The @entity0 has been on regular follow up since then and subsequent scans have shown further occurrence of cysts in the jaws with displacement of the third molars. RESULTS: Clinical examination also revealed @entity4 , fronto-parietal bossing, pitting on palmar and plantar surfaces, @entity2 and splayed ribs, confirming the diagnosis of @entity3 . He also presented with a cafi au lait patch and skin pits on the neck. The family history was negative for features of @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity3 is a condition that can cause significant morbidity if not detected early. Over the years this syndrome has presented with many other non specific phenotype presentation, of which the current finding may be one of This calls for meticulous assessment and examination of @entity0 and a standardized protocol in screening and managing these @entity0 that may facilitate a more beneficial outcome for the @entity0 .

title: XXXX presenting with neck pits and caf   au lait patches.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the validity of individual and combined prognostic effects of severe @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity8 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and parenteral nutrition associated @entity7 (PNAC). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 80 extremely low birthweight (ELBW) @entity0 admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the Severance @entity0 's Hospital, and who survived to a postmenstrual age of 36 weeks. We analyzed the relationship between 4 neonatal morbidities (severe @entity10 , severe @entity8 , severe @entity6 , and severe PNAC) and poor outcome. Poor outcome indicated @entity2 after a postmenstrual age of 36 weeks or survival with @entity1 ( @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity5 , or @entity9 ) between 18 and 24 months of corrected age. RESULTS: Each neonatal morbidity correlated with poor outcome on univariate analysis. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratios (OR) were 4.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-22.6; P=0.044) for severe @entity10 , 13.2 (3.0-57.3; P<.001) for severe @entity8 , 5.3 (1.6-18.1; P=0.007) for severe @entity6 , and 3.4 (0.5-22.7; P=0.215) for severe PNAC. Severe @entity10 , @entity8 , and @entity6 were significantly correlated with poor outcome, but not severe PNAC. By increasing the morbidity count, the rate of poor outcome was significantly increased (OR 5.2; 95% CI, 2.2-11.9; P<.001). In @entity0 free of the above-mentioned morbidities, the rate of poor outcome was 9%, while the corresponding rates in @entity0 with 1, 2, and more than 3 neonatal morbidities were 46%, 69%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In ELBW @entity0 3 common neonatal mornidifies, severe @entity10 , @entity8 and @entity6 , strongly predicts the risk of poor outcome.

title: Effect of severe neonatal morbidities on long term outcome in extremely low birthweight XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Peri-radicular injection is a widely used procedure for treating @entity2 , but it remains unclear what types of lumbar pathologies respond well to this treatment. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of peri-radicular injection for @entity3 and to determine what types of pathologies respond well to this treatment. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 641 consecutive @entity0 who underwent peri-radicular injection for @entity3 with mean follow-up of 23.4 months. The pathologies included @entity6 in 286 @entity0 , @entity4 in 141, degenerative spondylolisthesis in 136, failed back surgery in 24, isthmic spondylolisthesis in 22, @entity3 in 18, and foraminal @entity5 in 14. Outcome measure was whether or not surgery is avoided by using peri-radicular injection. The rate of obviating surgery was determined in each pathology. RESULTS: Peri-radicular injection obviated surgeries in 331 @entity0 (51.7%). There were no complications related to the procedure, including @entity1 , infection, and haematoma. The rate of obviating surgery was 42.0% in disc herniation, 52.9% in degenerative spondylolisthesis, 67.4% in @entity4 , 54.5% in isthmic spondylolisthesis, 57.1% in foraminal @entity5 , 61.1% in @entity3 and 54.1% in failed back surgery. Poor outcomes were observed in @entity6 with @entity4 (17.9% success), @entity6 (33.3%), recurrent disc herniation (18.2%) and failed back surgery with instability (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that 51.7% of @entity0 with @entity3 were successfully treated by peri-radicular injection. Efficacy was limited in cases of @entity6 with @entity4 , @entity6 , recurrent disc herniation and failed back surgery with instability.

title: What types of XXXX respond to nerve root injection? A retrospective review of six hundred and forty one cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is well recognized, being documented even in the earliest stages of the disease. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are frequently used to address bladdder symptoms in this population. @entity5 are known for their deleterious cognitive effects in older individuals; however their potential impact on cognition has received less attention in the context of @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To explore possible detrimental effects of bladder-directed @entity5 on cognitive functioning in @entity1 . METHODS: 42 @entity1 @entity0 who had been on classical, bladder-directed @entity5 for >= 6 months were compared to 46 @entity0 not receiving @entity5 , in terms of their scores on Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT) and Selective Reminding Test (SRT). @entity0 also completed questionnaires for fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale - MFIS) and @entity3 (Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen - BDIFS). RESULTS: @entity0 using @entity5 showed significantly lower SDMT and SRT scores compared to those not using @entity5 (p<0.001; t-test). The association of lower cognitive test performance with @entity5 usage was robust, even when other variables (like age, gender, EDSS, etc.) were considered. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that chronic use of classical @entity5 for @entity4 may have a negative impact on cognitive functioning in @entity1 @entity0 . These potential cognitive side effects need to be considered both in clinical practice and research settings.

title: Cognitive impact of anticholinergic medication in XXXX : Adding insult to injury?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Assessing prescription patterns of @entity2 medication for @entity0 is helpful to optimize prescribing by general practitioners (GPs). The aim was to explore prescription patterns in @entity0 with physician-diagnosed @entity2 and its determinants in general practice. METHODS: We used the Second Dutch National Survey of General Practice (DNSGP-2) with @entity0 aged 0-17 years registered in 87 general practices. All @entity0 with at least one @entity2 prescription were included (n = 2993). Prescription rates and prescription of continuous (>= 3 prescriptions/year) versus intermittent @entity2 medication were calculated. Data, including several GP characteristics, were analysed using multivariate logistic regression accounting for clustering within practices. RESULTS: During one year, 16% of the @entity0 with physician-diagnosed @entity2 (n = 3562) received no @entity2 medication. Of the 2993 @entity0 with @entity2 receiving @entity2 medication (on average 2.9 prescriptions/year), 61% received one or two prescriptions, 39% received three or more. Continuous medication with a bronchodilator and/or a corticosteroid was prescribed in 22% of these @entity0 . One out of 5 @entity0 receiving continuous medication was prescribed a bronchodilator only. In 7.5% of the prescriptions, @entity2 medications other than bronchodilators or @entity1 were prescribed. Prescribing @entity2 medication varied widely between practices, but none of the @entity0 and GP determinants had an independent effect on prescribing continuous versus intermittent medication. CONCLUSION: In general practice, the annual number of @entity2 prescriptions per @entity0 with @entity2 is relatively low. One in 20 @entity0 is prescribed bronchodilators only continuously, indicating room for improvement. @entity0 and GP characteristics cannot be used for targeting educational efforts.

title: Asthma prescription patterns for XXXX : can GPs do better?

answer: @entity0


abstract: CONCLUSION: Electroporation therapy appears to be a safe treatment achieving excellent @entity1 control and very good functional results in our study and it should be further clinically evaluated. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess @entity1 control, survival, and effects on speech and eating after treatment of @entity1 with electroporation therapy, a new local therapeutic modality. In this approach intracellular accumulation of a chemotherapeutic agent is achieved by using a locally applied electrical field. METHODS: Fifteen @entity0 with primary T1 and T2 @entity1 were treated with electroporation therapy with intratumorally administered @entity2 . Postoperative radiotherapy was performed when the @entity1 infiltration was 5 mm or more. The follow-up time was 24 months for the surviving @entity0 and 20.4 months overall. The effects on eating and speech were assessed using the PSS-HN scale and voice recordings. RESULTS: No local recurrence was recorded in any @entity0 during the follow-up. Three @entity0 died, two from progressive regional disease. Of the 12 surviving @entity0 , 2 @entity0 had regional recurrence and 10 @entity0 including the 5 @entity0 treated with EPT alone were @entity1 -free both locally and regionally at the last follow-up. The functional outcome for speech and eating were very good.

title: Electroporation therapy for T1 and T2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background Improving nutritional care and support for @entity0 living with @entity1 (PLHIV) is an integral part of comprehensive @entity1 treatment according to the National Nutritional Strategy of Ethiopia. However, there is no adequate published study that assesses the nutritional care and support services for adult @entity0 living with @entity1 / @entity2 (PLHIV) in this setting. Objective The objective of the study was to identify the existing nutritional care and support services and determine the challenges facing adults living with @entity1 at Hawassa Referral Hospital in southern Ethiopia. Methods A qualitative study was carried out using @entity3 ( @entity3 ), in-depth interviews and @entity0 observation. Four FDGs were held and five in-depth interviews were conducted. A two-week @entity0 observation was also conducted by trained nurses. All interviews and FDGs were tape-recorded and transcribed; those conducted in Amharic were translated back to English. Finally thematic analysis of the transcripts was performed. Results Most of the FDG @entity0 were unsatisfied with their nutritional care and support services and expressed difficulty with disclosing their @entity1 status for fear of stigma and discrimination. The in-depth interviews and @entity0 observation showed results similar to those of the FDG. Some key informants expressed a fear that such poor nutritional care and support may threaten the quality of life of @entity0 living with @entity1 and suggested that all stakeholders work on improving the services. Conclusion Current nutritional care and support services for @entity0 living with @entity1 are not well coordinated. They focus mainly on monthly supplementation of antiretroviral drugs and occasional handouts of food. The need to provide health education on antiretroviral drugs and nutrition, and to emphasise strategies aimed at improving the nutritional status of @entity0 living with @entity1 is critical. Furthermore, the study recommended strengthening the initiatives of some organisations regarding sustainable income-generating activities.

title: Nutritional care and support among adults living with XXXX at Hawassa Referral Hospital, southern Ethiopia: A qualitative study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently a number of preclinical studies have sparked interest in the concept of exploiting conventional chemotherapeutic drugs as antiangiogenics. Such antiangiogenic activity is achieved by metronomic-dosing (low-dose) protocols. This new target may have some advantages in avoiding @entity3 and resistance caused by chemotherapeutic drugs. This study is to test the efficacy of continuous low-dose @entity5 ( @entity8 ) for antiangiogenic effect on @entity0 , and investigate its antitumor effect and @entity3 . METHODS: C57/BL6 @entity2 bearing @entity0 were randomly divided into three groups, receiving low-dose metronomic (LDM) @entity8 , maximum tolerated dose (MTD) @entity8 therapy and saline respectively. @entity1 , @entity4 , peripheral white blood cell counts and survival of @entity2 were monitored in each group. At the end of experiment, @entity1 were resected for immunohistochemical staining. Tumor microvascular density (MVD) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) level were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: MVD and @entity7 expression of @entity1 were much lower in the @entity2 received LDM @entity8 therapy than those in control group and MTD @entity8 group (P < 0.05). During the experiment, growth delays of @entity1 were found in the @entity2 received LDM @entity8 therapy, without apparent body @entity4 or @entity6 , and the survival of @entity2 was remarkably prolonged, compared with @entity2 received MTD @entity8 therapy (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The continuous low-dose regimen of @entity8 can significantly increase the therapeutic activity with decreased @entity3 and @entity0 . It may act as an antiangiogenic and lead to less drug resistance.

title: [Antiangiogenic effect of continuous low-dose chemotherapy on XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether the width of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) trajectory was associated with the presence of a @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: A retrospective cross sectional case-control study was performed. The fundus photographs were rotated 90 degrees, and the coordinates of the best fit curve of the @entity3 trajectory were determined automatically based on these plots using the ImageJ program. The converted coordinates were fit to a second degree polynomial (ax2/100 + bx + c) equation. The width and steepness of the @entity3 trajectory, "a", of the eyes with a @entity2 eye were compared to that of the fellow eyes. RESULTS: One hundred and ten eyes of 55 consecutive @entity0 (30 @entity0 ) with a unilateral @entity2 and healthy fellow eyes were analyzed. The mean age was 64.9 years (range 47-81 years). The constant 'a' was significantly smaller in eyes with a @entity2 than that of the fellow eyes (0.379    0.094 vs 0.416    0.121, P = 0.001, paired t test), indicating that the @entity3 trajectory was wider in the @entity1 . There was a significant correlation between the axial length and 'a' of the @entity3 trajectory in the @entity2 eyes (R = 0.273, P = 0.044) and in the fellow eyes (R = 0.356, P = 0.008; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient). CONCLUSIONS: Because eyes with a @entity2 have a significantly wider and flatter @entity3 trajectory, there may be greater traction on the fovea which is located between the @entity3 arches. The causative role of this finding is still unclear.

title: Wider Retinal Artery Trajectories in Eyes with Macular Hole Than in Fellow Eyes of @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether the width of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) trajectory was associated with the presence of a @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: A retrospective cross sectional case-control study was performed. The fundus photographs were rotated 90 degrees, and the coordinates of the best fit curve of the @entity3 trajectory were determined automatically based on these plots using the ImageJ program. The converted coordinates were fit to a second degree polynomial (ax2/100 + bx + c) equation. The width and steepness of the @entity3 trajectory, "a", of the eyes with a @entity2 eye were compared to that of the fellow eyes. RESULTS: One hundred and ten eyes of 55 consecutive @entity0 (30 @entity0 ) with a unilateral @entity2 and healthy fellow eyes were analyzed. The mean age was 64.9 years (range 47-81 years). The constant 'a' was significantly smaller in eyes with a @entity2 than that of the fellow eyes (0.379    0.094 vs 0.416    0.121, P = 0.001, paired t test), indicating that the @entity3 trajectory was wider in the @entity1 . There was a significant correlation between the axial length and 'a' of the @entity3 trajectory in the @entity2 eyes (R = 0.273, P = 0.044) and in the fellow eyes (R = 0.356, P = 0.008; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient). CONCLUSIONS: Because eyes with a @entity2 have a significantly wider and flatter @entity3 trajectory, there may be greater traction on the fovea which is located between the @entity3 arches. The causative role of this finding is still unclear.

title: Wider Retinal Artery Trajectories in Eyes with Macular Hole Than in Fellow Eyes of XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since 1981 Princess Margaret Hospital has used initial @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with delayed treatment at relapse as the preferred management for all @entity0 with clinical stage I nonseminomatous @entity3 (NSGCT). OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to report our overall @entity4 experience and compare outcomes over different periods using this non-risk-adapted approach. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Three hundred and seventy-one @entity0 with stage I NSGCT were managed by @entity4 from 1981 to 2005. For analysis by time period, @entity0 were divided into two cohorts by diagnosis date: initial cohort, 1981-1992 (n=157), and recent cohort, 1993-2005 (n=214). INTERVENTION: @entity0 were followed at regular intervals, and treatment was only given for relapse. MEASUREMENTS: Recurrence rates, time to relapse, risk factors for recurrence, disease-specific survival, and overall survival were determined. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: With a median follow-up of 6.3 yr, 104 @entity0 (28%) relapsed: 53 of 157 (33.8%) in the initial group and 51 of 214 (23.8%) in the recent group. Median time to relapse was 7 mo. Lymphovascular invasion (p<0.0001) and pure @entity2 (p=0.02) were independent predictors of recurrence; 125 @entity0 (33.7%) were designated as high risk based on the presence of one or both factors. In the initial cohort, 66 of 157 @entity0 (42.0%) were high risk and 36 of 66 @entity0 (54.5%) relapsed versus 17 of 91 low-risk @entity0 (18.7%) (p<0.0001). In the recent cohort, 59 of 214 @entity0 (27.6%) were high risk and 29 of 59 had a recurrence (49.2%) versus 22 of 155 low-risk @entity0 (14.2%) (p<0.0001). Three @entity0 (0.8%) died from @entity1 . The estimated 5-yr disease-specific survival was 99.3% in the initial group and 98.9% in the recent one. CONCLUSIONS: Non-risk-adapted surveillance is an effective, simple strategy for the management of all stage I NSGCT.

title: Non-risk-adapted surveillance in clinical stage I nonseminomatous XXXX : the Princess Margaret Hospital's experience.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to evaluate the results and complications of image-guided percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) using computed tomography (CT) and C-arm fluoroscopy, with finger-touch guidance to determine the needle entry point. Of the 86 @entity0 (106 PKP) examined, 56 were treated for @entity4 and 30 for @entity1 . All @entity0 underwent image-guided treatment using CT and conventional fluoroscopy, with finger-touch identification of a puncture point within a small incision (1.5 to 2 cm). Partial or complete @entity2 relief was achieved in 98% of @entity0 within 24 h of treatment. Moreover, a significant improvement in functional mobility and reduction in analgesic use was observed. CT allowed the detection of cement leakage in 20.7% of the interventions. No bone cement leakages with neurologic symptoms were noted. All work channels were made only once, and bone cement was distributed near the center of the vertebral body. Our study confirms the efficacy of PKP treatment in @entity3 and oncological @entity0 . The combination of CT and C-arm fluoroscopy with finger-touch guidance reduces the risk of complications compared with conventional fluoroscopy alone, facilitates the detection of minor cement leakage, improves the operative procedure, and results in a favorable bone cement distribution.

title: XXXX using percutaneous kyphoplasty guided by a combination of computed tomography and C-arm fluoroscopy with finger-touch guidance to determine the needle entry point.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is recognized as a major cause of @entity2 and mortality. Thus, a profound understanding of the pathophysiologic changes in HFpEF is needed to identify risk factors and potential treatment targets in this specific @entity0 population. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively assess the impact of left- and right-ventricular function and hemodynamics on long-term mortality and morbidity in order to improve risk prediction in @entity0 with HFpEF. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively included 142 consecutive @entity0 with HFpEF into our observational, non-interventional registry. Echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and invasive hemodynamic assessments including myocardial biopsy were performed at baseline. We detected significant correlations between left ventricular extracellular matrix and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (r = -0.64;p = 0.03) and @entity1 volume (r = -0.53;p = 0.04). Hospitalization for @entity4 and/or @entity3 was observed over a median follow up of 10 months. The strongest risk factors were reduced right ventricular function (adj. HR 6.62;95%CI 3.12- 14.02;p<0.001), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (adj. HR per 1-SD 1.55;95%CI 1.15- 2.09;p = 0.004) and the pulmonary artery wedge pressure (adj. HR per 1-SD 1.51;95%CI 1.09-2.08; p = 0.012). The area under the ROC curve for right ventricular function was 0.63, for systolic pulmonary arterial pressure 0.75, and for pulmonary artery wedge pressure 0.68. CONCLUSION: The current study emphasizes the importance of right ventricular function and pulmonary pressures on outcome in @entity0 with HFpEF providing pathophysiological insights into the hemodynamic changes in HFpEF.

title: Outcome in XXXX with Preserved Ejection Fraction: The Role of Myocardial Structure and Right Ventricular Performance.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Few studies have reported the relationship between @entity3 and the estimated amount of @entity2 excreted in 24 h, as measured by the spot urine test (E24UNA), in a community-dwelling cohort. We investigated the gender specific association between E24UNA values and body composition indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from a total of 7162 @entity0 (3545 @entity0 and 3617 postmenopausal @entity0 ) aged 45 years or older were obtained from multiple Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2008-2010) and analyzed. The total amount of @entity2 excreted in the urine in a 24-h period was estimated with spot urine specimens. @entity3 was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by body weight ( @entity4 /Wt) that was less than 1 standard deviation below the sex-specific mean for young adults. RESULTS: E24UNA values were positively correlated with body mass index, waist circumference, total fat mass, and blood pressure; in contrast, E24UNA values were negatively correlated with @entity4 /Wt in both sexes. Compared with those in the lowest E24UNA tertile, @entity0 in the highest E24UNA tertile were at higher risk for @entity3 ( @entity0 : odds ratio (OR)=1.3 [95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07-1.59]; @entity0 : OR=1.41 [95% CI=1.16-1.73]). Further classification of subjects with @entity3 into @entity1 and sarcopenic nonobese groups revealed that the highest E24UNA values were found in the @entity1 group; this difference was statistically significant. The next highest levels were found in the sarcopenic nonobese group, followed by the nonsarcopenic group. This trend was observed in both sexes. CONCLUSION: High E24UNA values were independently associated with both @entity3 and @entity1 in Korean individuals older than 45 years. These results suggest that high salt intake may have a deleterious effect on body composition.

title: Gender-specific association between urinary XXXX excretion and body composition: Analysis of the 2008-2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: To review inpatient management of @entity6 in a New Zealand hospital. METHODS: A retrospective file review of all acute episodes of @entity2 at Hutt Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand over a 1  year period. RESULTS: In the course of a year, there were 90 admissions for, or complicated by, @entity6 . In 31 cases, @entity2 was the primary diagnosis. Median length of stay was 5  days and readmissions were common. The majority of @entity0 (87%) were known to have @entity2 before admission, yet only 50% of these @entity0 were on @entity5 lowering treatment. Serum urate was measured in only 60% of @entity0 with a mean level of 0.471  mmol/L. Treatment for the acute attack was evenly split between monotherapy (49%) and polytherapy (49%). Treatment modalities used were: @entity3 (61%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (40%), @entity7 (40%), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) (15%) and intrarticular @entity4 (7%). @entity0 were generally treated in a timely manner with few @entity0 experiencing delays. @entity0 seen by the Rheumatology Department were more likely to receive polytherapy, be treated with intra-articular @entity4 or ACTH and to start @entity1 . The 'treat-to-target' approach to the management of elevated serum urate was mentioned in only 9% of cases. CONCLUSION: There was considerable variability in the investigation and management of @entity6 , with significant deviation from published protocols. The 'treat-to-target' approach to the management of elevated urate has not yet been widely adopted by the physicians in this New Zealand hospital.

title: Inpatient management of XXXX in a New Zealand hospital: a retrospective audit.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 (RhCMV), the homolog of @entity3 ), serves as a model for understanding the pathogenesis of HCMV and for developing candidate vaccines. In order to develop a replication-defective virus as a vaccine candidate, we constructed RhCMV with glycoprotein L (gL) deleted. RhCMV gL was essential for viral replication, and virus with gL deleted could only replicate in cells expressing RhCMV gL. Noncomplementing cells infected with RhCMV with gL deleted released intact, noninfectious RhCMV particles that were indistinguishable from wild-type RhCMV by electron microscopy and could be rescued by treatment of cells with @entity1 . In addition, noncomplementing cells infected with RhCMV with gL deleted produced levels of gB, the major target of neutralizing antibodies, at levels similar to those observed in cells infected with wild-type RhCMV. Since RhCMV and HCMV gL share 53% @entity2 identity, we determined whether the two proteins could complement the heterologous virus. Cells transfected with an HCMV bacterial artificial chromosome with gL deleted yielded virus that could replicate in @entity0 cells expressing HCMV gL. This is the second HCMV mutant with an essential glycoprotein deleted that has been complemented in cell culture. Finally, we found that HCMV gL could not complement the replication of RhCMV with gL deleted and that RhCMV gL could not complement the replication of HCMV with gL deleted. These data indicate that RhCMV and HCMV gL are both essential for replication of their corresponding viruses and, although the two gLs are highly homologous, they are unable to complement each another.

title: Rhesus and XXXX glycoprotein L are required for infection and cell-to-cell spread of virus but cannot complement each other.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Serous effusions are a common manifestation of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, their prognostic significance is controversial. METHODS: We searched for consecutive @entity0 who had @entity3 with effusions from 1999 through 2007. Primary @entity4 was excluded. The presence of @entity1 cells in effusions (malignant effusions) was determined by cytology supplemented by flow cytometry, cell blocks with special studies, polymerase chain reaction for clonality, or conventional cytogenetics. RESULTS: Forty-one (18.4%) @entity0 had effusions, with 24 (58.5%) developing at diagnosis and 17 (41.5%) during @entity1 course. Nineteen @entity0 (46.0%) had malignant effusions, with six (31.6%) from local extension and 13 (68.4%) through wide dissemination. Interestingly, malignant effusion correlated with a high International Prognostic Index (IPI) score (r = 0.490, P = .002) and high @entity1 stage (r = 0.342, P = .031) and was a poor prognosticator (P < .001, log-rank test), even worse than stage IV disease (P = .036). In the multivariate analysis, malignant effusion (P = .056) and supportive care (P = .014) retained significance and were more powerful than IPI score and stage. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 who have @entity3 with @entity2 have a poor prognosis and should be treated as having stage IV disease. The analysis of effusions for @entity1 cells would be a useful addition to the routine workup.

title: Malignant effusions correlate with poorer prognosis in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Serous effusions are a common manifestation of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, their prognostic significance is controversial. METHODS: We searched for consecutive @entity0 who had @entity3 with effusions from 1999 through 2007. Primary @entity4 was excluded. The presence of @entity1 cells in effusions (malignant effusions) was determined by cytology supplemented by flow cytometry, cell blocks with special studies, polymerase chain reaction for clonality, or conventional cytogenetics. RESULTS: Forty-one (18.4%) @entity0 had effusions, with 24 (58.5%) developing at diagnosis and 17 (41.5%) during @entity1 course. Nineteen @entity0 (46.0%) had malignant effusions, with six (31.6%) from local extension and 13 (68.4%) through wide dissemination. Interestingly, malignant effusion correlated with a high International Prognostic Index (IPI) score (r = 0.490, P = .002) and high @entity1 stage (r = 0.342, P = .031) and was a poor prognosticator (P < .001, log-rank test), even worse than stage IV disease (P = .036). In the multivariate analysis, malignant effusion (P = .056) and supportive care (P = .014) retained significance and were more powerful than IPI score and stage. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 who have @entity3 with @entity2 have a poor prognosis and should be treated as having stage IV disease. The analysis of effusions for @entity1 cells would be a useful addition to the routine workup.

title: Malignant effusions correlate with poorer prognosis in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the impact of variant pancreatic arterial anatomy and overlap in regional perfusion on the interpretation of selective arterial @entity1 stimulation (SACST) with hepatic venous sampling for preoperative localization of @entity3 . METHODS: An institutional review board-approved retrospective review was undertaken of 42 @entity0 with surgically confirmed, @entity3 who underwent SACST from January 1996 to March 2014. @entity3 was predicted initially based on the biochemical results of SACST alone according to Doppman's criteria. Pancreatic arteriograms were reviewed blinded to the biochemical results and the regional perfusion of each artery assessed. The anatomic and perfusion data were combined with the biochemical results to make a second prediction and compared with the surgical findings. RESULTS: The biochemical results were positive in 1, 2, and 3 arterial distributions in 73.8%, 21.4%, and 4.8% of @entity0 , respectively. The celiac trunk and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) anatomy were aberrant in 38.1% and 35.7% of @entity0 , respectively. Clinically significant variations included dorsal pancreatic artery replaced to @entity2 (21.4%) and celiac stenosis (4.8%). Significant variation and overlap in regional pancreatic perfusion was observed, particularly for the @entity2 . Sensitivity for insulinoma localization was 54.8% (diagnostic arteriography), 73.8% (biochemical data), 88.1% (biochemical, anatomic, perfusion data), and 92.8% (arteriographic, biochemical, anatomic, perfusion data). CONCLUSION: Careful review of the pancreatic arterial anatomy and regional perfusion is critical for correct interpretation of the biochemical results of SACST and improves the sensitivity of localization for @entity3 , particularly in the presence of pancreatic arterial variants or overlap in regional perfusion.

title: Impact of variant pancreatic arterial  anatomy and overlap in regional perfusion on the interpretation of selective arterial XXXX stimulation with hepatic venous sampling for preoperative localization of @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the impact of variant pancreatic arterial anatomy and overlap in regional perfusion on the interpretation of selective arterial @entity1 stimulation (SACST) with hepatic venous sampling for preoperative localization of @entity3 . METHODS: An institutional review board-approved retrospective review was undertaken of 42 @entity0 with surgically confirmed, @entity3 who underwent SACST from January 1996 to March 2014. @entity3 was predicted initially based on the biochemical results of SACST alone according to Doppman's criteria. Pancreatic arteriograms were reviewed blinded to the biochemical results and the regional perfusion of each artery assessed. The anatomic and perfusion data were combined with the biochemical results to make a second prediction and compared with the surgical findings. RESULTS: The biochemical results were positive in 1, 2, and 3 arterial distributions in 73.8%, 21.4%, and 4.8% of @entity0 , respectively. The celiac trunk and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) anatomy were aberrant in 38.1% and 35.7% of @entity0 , respectively. Clinically significant variations included dorsal pancreatic artery replaced to @entity2 (21.4%) and celiac stenosis (4.8%). Significant variation and overlap in regional pancreatic perfusion was observed, particularly for the @entity2 . Sensitivity for insulinoma localization was 54.8% (diagnostic arteriography), 73.8% (biochemical data), 88.1% (biochemical, anatomic, perfusion data), and 92.8% (arteriographic, biochemical, anatomic, perfusion data). CONCLUSION: Careful review of the pancreatic arterial anatomy and regional perfusion is critical for correct interpretation of the biochemical results of SACST and improves the sensitivity of localization for @entity3 , particularly in the presence of pancreatic arterial variants or overlap in regional perfusion.

title: Impact of variant pancreatic arterial  anatomy and overlap in regional perfusion on the interpretation of selective arterial @entity1 stimulation with hepatic venous sampling for preoperative localization of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is the second most common symptom in @entity6 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . The consecutive reduction of life quality is a clinically underrated problem because treatment usually focuses on the prevention of @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate postoperative @entity2 outcome with the aim of more accurate counseling for postoperative @entity2 outcome. METHODS: From 1985 to 2012, 294 @entity0 with an @entity4 were surgically treated by J.S. One hundred twenty-six @entity0 with preoperative @entity2 or @entity1 could be identified; 103 of 126 had a follow-up of at least 12 months and were included in the analysis. The different @entity1 subtypes were categorized ( @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity1 [ @entity1 ]). Preoperative workup and surgical technique were evaluated. @entity2 outcome was analyzed by using International League Against @entity1 . RESULTS: Sporadic @entity2 were identified in 41% of @entity0 ( @entity1 and @entity1 were identified in 36% and 23%, respectively). Detailed preoperative epileptological workup was done in 13%. @entity2 freedom was achieved in 77% (79% at 5 years, 84% at 10 years). Outcome was significantly poorer in @entity1 cases. More extensive resection was performed in 11 cases with longstanding symptoms (>24 months) and resulted in better @entity2 outcome as well as the short duration of preoperative @entity2 history. CONCLUSION: @entity0 presenting with @entity4 -associated @entity1 have a favorable @entity2 outcome after surgical treatment. Long-standing @entity1 and the progress into @entity1 markedly deteriorate the chances to obtain @entity2 freedom and should be considered an early factor in establishing the indication for @entity4 removal. ABBREVIATIONS: @entity4 , @entity4 , chronic epilepsyDRE, @entity5 , International League Against EpilepsySM, Spetzler-Martin scaleSPS, @entity2 .

title: XXXX Outcomes in @entity0 With Surgically Treated @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is the second most common symptom in @entity6 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . The consecutive reduction of life quality is a clinically underrated problem because treatment usually focuses on the prevention of @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate postoperative @entity2 outcome with the aim of more accurate counseling for postoperative @entity2 outcome. METHODS: From 1985 to 2012, 294 @entity0 with an @entity4 were surgically treated by J.S. One hundred twenty-six @entity0 with preoperative @entity2 or @entity1 could be identified; 103 of 126 had a follow-up of at least 12 months and were included in the analysis. The different @entity1 subtypes were categorized ( @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity1 [ @entity1 ]). Preoperative workup and surgical technique were evaluated. @entity2 outcome was analyzed by using International League Against @entity1 . RESULTS: Sporadic @entity2 were identified in 41% of @entity0 ( @entity1 and @entity1 were identified in 36% and 23%, respectively). Detailed preoperative epileptological workup was done in 13%. @entity2 freedom was achieved in 77% (79% at 5 years, 84% at 10 years). Outcome was significantly poorer in @entity1 cases. More extensive resection was performed in 11 cases with longstanding symptoms (>24 months) and resulted in better @entity2 outcome as well as the short duration of preoperative @entity2 history. CONCLUSION: @entity0 presenting with @entity4 -associated @entity1 have a favorable @entity2 outcome after surgical treatment. Long-standing @entity1 and the progress into @entity1 markedly deteriorate the chances to obtain @entity2 freedom and should be considered an early factor in establishing the indication for @entity4 removal. ABBREVIATIONS: @entity4 , @entity4 , chronic epilepsyDRE, @entity5 , International League Against EpilepsySM, Spetzler-Martin scaleSPS, @entity2 .

title: @entity2 Outcomes in @entity0 With Surgically Treated XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is the second most common symptom in @entity6 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . The consecutive reduction of life quality is a clinically underrated problem because treatment usually focuses on the prevention of @entity3 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate postoperative @entity2 outcome with the aim of more accurate counseling for postoperative @entity2 outcome. METHODS: From 1985 to 2012, 294 @entity0 with an @entity4 were surgically treated by J.S. One hundred twenty-six @entity0 with preoperative @entity2 or @entity1 could be identified; 103 of 126 had a follow-up of at least 12 months and were included in the analysis. The different @entity1 subtypes were categorized ( @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity1 [ @entity1 ]). Preoperative workup and surgical technique were evaluated. @entity2 outcome was analyzed by using International League Against @entity1 . RESULTS: Sporadic @entity2 were identified in 41% of @entity0 ( @entity1 and @entity1 were identified in 36% and 23%, respectively). Detailed preoperative epileptological workup was done in 13%. @entity2 freedom was achieved in 77% (79% at 5 years, 84% at 10 years). Outcome was significantly poorer in @entity1 cases. More extensive resection was performed in 11 cases with longstanding symptoms (>24 months) and resulted in better @entity2 outcome as well as the short duration of preoperative @entity2 history. CONCLUSION: @entity0 presenting with @entity4 -associated @entity1 have a favorable @entity2 outcome after surgical treatment. Long-standing @entity1 and the progress into @entity1 markedly deteriorate the chances to obtain @entity2 freedom and should be considered an early factor in establishing the indication for @entity4 removal. ABBREVIATIONS: @entity4 , @entity4 , chronic epilepsyDRE, @entity5 , International League Against EpilepsySM, Spetzler-Martin scaleSPS, @entity2 .

title: @entity2 Outcomes in XXXX With Surgically Treated @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: To compare high-risk histopathology of eyes with primary versus secondary enucleation from @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A retrospective histopathology review identified 207 eyes enucleated from 202 @entity0 between March 1997 and August 2013. Our review considered high-risk histopathological features to include @entity2 or invasion of the anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, @entity4 . RESULTS: Most eyes (144, 70%) were primarily enucleated; 63 (30%) were secondarily enucleated after neoadjuvant therapy. The primary enucleation group had more advanced disease (Reese-Ellsworth group V: 95% vs 59%; International Classification Group D/E: 97% vs 59%; p<0.001). The incidence of high-risk histopathology features was similar between groups (32% vs 21%, n=59; p=0.132). The type of prior therapy was not associated with high-risk histopathology features. Time to enucleation was longer for secondarily enucleated eyes with high-risk features. Choroid and postlaminar optic nerve invasion were more frequent in eyes primarily enucleated (p<0.001). Forty-six of the 59 (78%) @entity0 with high-risk features received adjuvant chemotherapy and/or external beam radiation therapy. Three @entity0 who received primary enucleation and adjuvant therapy died of metastatic recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the more favourable classification of eyes treated with neoadjuvant therapy, the risk of high-risk histopathology features at enucleation was comparable with eyes undergoing primary enucleation. Delayed enucleation was associated with these features, and the majority of @entity0 required further adjuvant therapy. Caution must be exercised in treating @entity3 to promptly pursue definitive enucleation in an effort to minimise further treatment exposures and @entity1 .

title: Comparison of high-risk histopathological features in eyes with primary or secondary enucleation for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A detailed study of the diurnal compositional changes was performed in @entity1 ( @entity1 cv. Moneymaker) leaves and fruits. Plants were cultivated in a commercial greenhouse under two growth conditions: control and shaded. Expanding fruits and the closest mature leaves were harvested during two different day/night cycles (cloudy or sunny day). High-throughput robotized biochemical phenotyping of major compounds, as well as proton nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry metabolomic profiling, were used to measure the contents of about 70 metabolites in the leaves and 60 metabolites in the fruits, in parallel with ecophysiological measurements. Metabolite data were processed using multivariate, univariate, or clustering analyses and correlation networks. The shaded @entity0 -limited plants adjusted their leaf area, decreased their sink @entity0 demand and showed subtle compositional modifications. For source leaves, several metabolites varied along a diel cycle, including those directly linked to photosynthesis and photorespiration. These metabolites peaked at midday in both conditions and diel cycles as expected. However, transitory @entity0 storage was limited in @entity1 leaves. In fruits, fewer metabolites showed diel fluctuations, which were also of lower amplitude. Several organic acids were among the fluctuating metabolites. Diel patterns observed in leaves and especially in fruits differed between the cloudy and sunny days, and between the two conditions. Relationships between compositional changes in leaves and fruits are in agreement with the fact that several metabolic processes of the fruit appeared linked to its momentary supply of @entity2 .

title: Metabolomic profiling in XXXX reveals diel compositional changes in fruit affected by source-sink relationships.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of a drug defined from animal studies is important for inferring a maximal safe dose in @entity0 . However, several issues are associated with its concept, determination and application. It is confined to the actual doses used in the study; becomes lower with increasing sample size or dose levels; and reflects the risk level seen in the experiment rather than what may be relevant for @entity0 . We explored a pharmacometric approach in an attempt to address these issues. We first used simulation to examine the behaviour of the NOAEL values as determined by current common practice; and then fitted the probability of @entity1 as a function of treatment duration and dose to data collected from all applicable toxicology studies of a test compound. Our investigation was in the context of an irreversible @entity1 that is detected at the end of the study. Simulations illustrated NOAEL's dependency on experimental factors such as dose and sample size, as well as the underlying uncertainty. Modelling the probability as a continuous function of treatment duration and dose simultaneously to data from multiple studies allowed the estimation of the dose, along with its confidence interval, for a maximal risk level that might be deemed as acceptable for @entity0 . The model-based data integration also reconciled between-study inconsistency and explicitly provided maximised estimation confidence. Such alternative NOAEL determination method should be explored for its more efficient data use, more quantifiable insight to toxic doses, and the potential for more relevant animal-to- @entity0 translation.

title: Comparing probabilistic and descriptive analyses of time-dose- XXXX relationship for determining no-observed-adverse-effect level in drug development.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Acute @entity5 is a substantial cause of morbidity and @entity2 . Although the American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines recommend @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity5 associated with @entity4 , there are few reports of 30-day mortality rates. We performed a retrospective review of @entity3 performed in 96 consecutive @entity0 who had severe, globally @entity6 right @entity1 as determined by transthoracic echocardiography. Data on @entity0 who were treated from January 2003 through December 2011 were derived from health system databases of the New York State Cardiac Surgery Reporting System and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. The data represent procedures performed at 3 tertiary care facilities within a large health system operating in the New York City metropolitan area. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 4.2%. Most @entity0 (68 [73.9%]) were discharged home or to rehabilitation facilities (23 [25%]). Hemodynamically stable @entity0 with severe, globally @entity6 right @entity1 had a 30-day mortality rate of 1.4%, with a postoperative mean length of stay of 9.1 days. Comparable findings for hemodynamically unstable @entity0 were 12.5% and 13.4 days, respectively. Acute @entity3 can be a viable procedure for @entity0 with severe, globally @entity6 right @entity1 , with or without hemodynamic compromise; however, caution is warranted. Our outcomes might be dependent upon institutional capability, experience, surgical ability, and careful @entity0 selection.

title: Acute XXXX : a 9-year retrospective analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Centralisation of vascular surgery services has coincided with a move towards endovascular repair of @entity2 with the goal to improve @entity0 outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of rural presentation and transfer times on survival from @entity2 . DESIGN: A retrospective review. MATERIALS: All @entity0 presenting with @entity2 to public hospitals in Tasmania between July 2006 and April 2013. METHODS: Demographic data, Glasgow @entity1 score, Hardman index, transfer times, operative technique and 30-day mortality were collected from medical records. RESULTS: Over the study period 127 @entity0 presented to public hospitals in Tasmania with @entity2 . A total of 27 presented to north west hospitals where no vascular surgery service is provided (NWRH), 23 to a northern hospital where an intermittent vascular surgery service is provided (LGH) and 77 to the state tertiary vascular surgery service (RHH). Of these, 4 (14.8%) died at NWRH, 6 (26.1%) died at LGH and 43 (55.8%) died at RHH without operation. Of the 35 @entity0 transferred from NWRH and LGH to RHH, 5 died without operation. Median time from presentation to theatre at RHH if transferred from NWRH was 6.25 hours, from the LGH 4.75 hours, compared to 2.75 hours when presenting directly to RHH. Open repair was performed in 41 @entity0 and endovascular repair in 23 @entity0 . Overall 30-day mortality in those treated at RHH was 26.6% (39.0% for open repair, 4.3% for endovascular repair). Mortality for intended operative @entity0 initially presenting to non-RHH hospitals was 33.3% vs. 32.3% for those initially presenting to RHH. p Value 0.93. CONCLUSION: There was no clinical or statistical disadvantage to rural presentation and transfer for @entity0 presenting with @entity2 in Tasmania. Endovascular repair has a role despite long transfer times.

title: Mortality outcomes of XXXX and rural presentation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is rare and mostly originates from the major salivary glands. Sometimes, it is difficult to differentiate the benign from the malignant histologically, and its clinical behavior and histological features may vary. Here, we describe the case of a 55-year-old @entity0 who presented with a massive @entity2 , which hung like a temple bell from her right side of the jaw, and she refused to go to the hospital for 3 years. Based on its size and location, we initially thought that, before surgical resection, neoadjuvant therapy would be necessary to reduce the @entity1 volume. However, after careful evaluation of the @entity1 characteristics (low-grade histology with outward expansion and little invasion of the adjacent tissues) and imaging findings, we decided that excision was possible. The @entity1 was encapsulated and had a clear border; it weighed 10.5 kg. By setting the incision line posterior to the equatorial plane and using the lengthened skin posterior to the @entity1 as a large local flap for the skin defect, we successfully reconstructed the skin defect without harvesting additional flap from other areas. No additional treatment was administered because a sufficient surgical margin was maintained, pathologically. She regained her daily life without recurrence or distant metastasis for 2 years. When treating a massive @entity1 , careful consideration of its characteristics and location is important, and in this case, we were able to use a simpler and less invasive treatment than we initially envisioned.

title: Massive XXXX originating from the submandibular gland that was successfully treated with surgical excision, using a part of the lengthened skin as a local flap.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 is a member of the gamma proteobacteria. It is fastidious, insect-vectored and xylem-limited and causes a variety of diseases, some severe, on a wide range of economically important perennial crops, including grape and citrus. Antibody based detection assays are commercially available for @entity1 , and are effective at the species, but not at the subspecies level. We have made a library of scFv antibody fragments directed against @entity1 . pauca strain 9a5c (citrus) by using phage display technology. Antibody gene repertoires were PCR-amplified using 23 primers for the heavy chain @entity0 (VH) and 21 primers for the light chain @entity0 ( @entity0 ). The VH and @entity0 were joined by overlap extension PCR, and then the genes of the scFv library were ligated into the phage vector pKM19. The library contained 1.2*10(7) independent clones with full-length scFv inserts. In each of 3cycles of affinity-selection with 9a5c, about 1.0*10(12) phage were used for panning with 4.1*10(6), 7.1*10(6), 2.1*10(7) phage recovered after the first, second and third cycles, respectively. Sixty-six percent of clones from the final library bound @entity2 in an ELISA. Some of these scFv antibodies recognized strain 9a5c and did not recognize @entity1 strains that cause Pierce's disease of grapevine.

title: Development of single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies against XXXX . pauca by phage display.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) criteria for funding of gynaecomastia surgery are: the @entity1 should be post-pubertal, have a BMI   <=  25  kg/m(2), endocrine and drug causes and @entity0 should be excluded and the @entity1 should demonstrate @entity2 . We evaluated how @entity4 funding for gynaecomastia surgery varies between Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) in England and whether there is a "postcode lottery". METHODS: The gynaecomastia surgery policies for 211 CCGs in @entity4 England were reviewed against the @entity3 criteria and grouped according to their funding policies: group 1 (if criteria met, funding approved); group 2, (if criteria met, prior approval required); group 3 (no criteria, individual funding request only) and group 4 (no funding). RESULTS: Policies were available for all CCGs. Fifty-nine (28.0%) CCGs were in group 1, 87 (41.2%) in group 2, 44 (20.9%) in group 3 and 21 (10.0%) in group 4. Of those in groups 1 and 2, five (3.4%) CCGs used all six @entity3 criteria. Approximately 70% CCGs with criteria (in groups 1 and 2) stipulated that the @entity1 should be post-pubertal, have a BMI   <=  25  kg/m(2) and endocrine and drug causes should be excluded. @entity0 should be excluded in 51.4% and the @entity1 should show @entity2 in 13.7% CCGs. Of those in groups 1 and 2, 118 (80.8%) CCGs specified additional criteria. CONCLUSIONS: CCGs do not use the @entity3 criteria uniformly and restrict surgery according to their own criteria. Overall, there is a "postcode lottery" for gynaecomastia surgery within @entity4 England.

title: The "postcode lottery" for the surgical correction of gynaecomastia in  XXXX England.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Allografts have been shown useful in the reconstruction of @entity2 after @entity1 resection. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using massive allografts to reconstruct @entity2 after resection of extremity @entity5 . METHODS: The clinical data of 15 @entity0 treated with massive allograft reconstruction after resection of extremity @entity5 from January 2005 to January 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Neoadjuvant and postoperative chemotherapy was used in all @entity0 . The postoperative functions of the salvaged limbs were evaluated using the scoring system proposed by the @entity3 Society (MSTS). RESULTS: All @entity0 were followed up for a mean of 61 months (range, 14-99 months). No nonunion occurred during follow-up. The mean time to union was 9 months (range, 3-21 months). No immune rejection, allograft infection, allograft @entity4 , and limb length disparity occurred. However, 2 @entity0 had broken implants. The mean MSTS score at the last follow-up was 26 points. Four @entity0 died and 2 @entity0 had @entity1 recurrence. The 5-year disease free survival rate was 73.3%. CONCLUSION: Massive allograft reconstruction is safe and effective for @entity2 caused by resection of extremity @entity5 .

title: Reconstruction using massive allografts after resection of extremity XXXX the study design: A retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multiple chronic conditions and low skeletal muscle mass are common features of aging that are detrimental to physical performance. This study evaluates the simultaneous impact of these conditions on physical performance in older adults. METHODS: Five studies from 2003 to 2012 were pooled to include 2,398 adults aged >= 65  years with diagnosed @entity1 measured by self-administered questionnaire. Low muscle mass was defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass index less than that of the sex-specific lowest quintile in the population of older adults. Poor physical performances were defined as the lowest quintile of grip strength and gait speed in the population of older adults and the slowest sex-specific 20% of Timed Up and Go (TUG) test at each study site. Chi-squared and logistic regression tests were applied for data analysis. RESULTS: Mean age of the study @entity0 , of whom approximately 50% were @entity0 , was 74.3  years. Slow gait speed was nearly three times more likely to occur in the presence of low muscle mass coupled with @entity1 than in the absence of both factors after adjustment for study site, age, sex, education, marital status, body mass index, @entity3 and @entity2 use, and comorbidities. The independent effect of low muscle mass was generally stronger than that of each disease. @entity0 with more than two @entity1 and low muscle mass were significantly more likely to perform poorly than those with no risk factors (odds ratio [OR]   =   2.51 in @entity0 with low grip strength, OR   =   3.89 in @entity0 with low gait speed, and OR   = 3.67 in @entity0 with poor TUG test scores, all P   <   0   .05) after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: The combined association of @entity1 and low skeletal mass with physical performance was stronger than the effect of either factor alone.

title: Combined association of XXXX and low skeletal muscle mass with physical performance in older adults in the Sarcopenia and Translational Aging Research in Taiwan (START) study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The UK's Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) initiative provides evidence-based psychological interventions for mild to moderate common mental health problems in a primary care setting. Predictors of treatment response are unclear. This study examined the impact of @entity2 status on outcome in a large IAPT service. We hypothesised that the presence of probable @entity2 would adversely affect treatment response. METHOD: We used a prospective cohort design to study a consecutive sample of individuals (n  =  1249). RESULTS: Higher scores on a screening measure for @entity2 were associated with poorer outcome on measures of @entity1 , @entity0 and social functioning, and reduced recovery rates at the end of treatment. These associations were not confounded by demographic status, initial symptom severity nor number of treatment sessions. The presence of personality difficulties independently predicted reduced absolute change on all outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of co-morbid personality difficulties adversely affects treatment outcome among individuals attending for treatment in an IAPT service. There is a need to routinely assess for the presence of personality difficulties on all individuals referred to IAPT services. This information will provide important prognostic data and could lead to the provision of more effective, personalised treatment in IAPT.

title: The impact of comorbid personality difficulties on response to IAPT treatment for XXXX and @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The UK's Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) initiative provides evidence-based psychological interventions for mild to moderate common mental health problems in a primary care setting. Predictors of treatment response are unclear. This study examined the impact of @entity2 status on outcome in a large IAPT service. We hypothesised that the presence of probable @entity2 would adversely affect treatment response. METHOD: We used a prospective cohort design to study a consecutive sample of individuals (n  =  1249). RESULTS: Higher scores on a screening measure for @entity2 were associated with poorer outcome on measures of @entity1 , @entity0 and social functioning, and reduced recovery rates at the end of treatment. These associations were not confounded by demographic status, initial symptom severity nor number of treatment sessions. The presence of personality difficulties independently predicted reduced absolute change on all outcome measures. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of co-morbid personality difficulties adversely affects treatment outcome among individuals attending for treatment in an IAPT service. There is a need to routinely assess for the presence of personality difficulties on all individuals referred to IAPT services. This information will provide important prognostic data and could lead to the provision of more effective, personalised treatment in IAPT.

title: The impact of comorbid personality difficulties on response to IAPT treatment for @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior C2/3 discectomy and interbody fusion (ACDF) with plating is increasingly performed as the primary treatment of unstable @entity2 ; however, plate-related complications, such as screw back-out, plate @entity2 and soft-tissue injury, is not uncommon. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) cage has now been developed to provide initial stability before fusion; however, whether and how ACDF with @entity6 cage offer better clinical results compared with ACDF with plating in management of @entity2 remains unknown. This study compares the efficacy of ACDF with plating to that of ACDF with @entity6 cage in management of @entity2 (according to Levine and Edwards classification) retrospectively. METHODS: From February 2006 to March 2012, a total of 21 @entity0 with @entity2 combined with @entity4 underwent ACDF with @entity6 cage, and 28 @entity0 underwent ACDF with plating. Perioperative parameters were compared. The average follow-up period was 50.3  months (range 27-76 months). The clinical outcome (visual analog scale (VAS), American @entity5 Association (ASIA) scale, and clinical post-traumatic neck score (PTNC)) and radiological outcome (translation of C2, local kyphotic angle (LKA), and fusion status of C2/3) was compared retrospectively. RESULTS: The operative time and @entity3 were significantly less in the ACDF with cage group compared with that in the ACDF with plating group (P   <   0.05). All @entity0 showed neurological recovery and achieved solid fusion. There were no significant differences in the clinical and radiological outcomes at final follow-up between groups, except in the LKA and the correction loss rate of LKA which were higher in the ACDF with plating group (P   <   0.05). Donor-site @entity1 occurred in two @entity0 (10.1%) within 6  months after operation in the ACDF with plating group and none in the ACDF with cage group. All @entity0 recovered without any adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: ACDF with @entity6 cage is effective and reliable in management of @entity2 and is more cost-effective due to shorter operative time and less @entity3 requirements.

title: Anterior-only stabilization using cage versus plating with bone autograft for the treatment of @entity2 combined with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior C2/3 discectomy and interbody fusion (ACDF) with plating is increasingly performed as the primary treatment of unstable @entity2 ; however, plate-related complications, such as screw back-out, plate @entity2 and soft-tissue injury, is not uncommon. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) cage has now been developed to provide initial stability before fusion; however, whether and how ACDF with @entity6 cage offer better clinical results compared with ACDF with plating in management of @entity2 remains unknown. This study compares the efficacy of ACDF with plating to that of ACDF with @entity6 cage in management of @entity2 (according to Levine and Edwards classification) retrospectively. METHODS: From February 2006 to March 2012, a total of 21 @entity0 with @entity2 combined with @entity4 underwent ACDF with @entity6 cage, and 28 @entity0 underwent ACDF with plating. Perioperative parameters were compared. The average follow-up period was 50.3  months (range 27-76 months). The clinical outcome (visual analog scale (VAS), American @entity5 Association (ASIA) scale, and clinical post-traumatic neck score (PTNC)) and radiological outcome (translation of C2, local kyphotic angle (LKA), and fusion status of C2/3) was compared retrospectively. RESULTS: The operative time and @entity3 were significantly less in the ACDF with cage group compared with that in the ACDF with plating group (P   <   0.05). All @entity0 showed neurological recovery and achieved solid fusion. There were no significant differences in the clinical and radiological outcomes at final follow-up between groups, except in the LKA and the correction loss rate of LKA which were higher in the ACDF with plating group (P   <   0.05). Donor-site @entity1 occurred in two @entity0 (10.1%) within 6  months after operation in the ACDF with plating group and none in the ACDF with cage group. All @entity0 recovered without any adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: ACDF with @entity6 cage is effective and reliable in management of @entity2 and is more cost-effective due to shorter operative time and less @entity3 requirements.

title: Anterior-only stabilization using cage versus plating with bone autograft for the treatment of XXXX combined with @entity4 .

answer: @entity2