abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of @entity4 ( @entity4 )-y agonist on the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in a @entity0 model of @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Animal study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: BALB/c @entity0 that received ovalbumin sensitization and challenge served as the ovalbumin group (n = 6). Two separate groups of 6 @entity0 received intragastric administration with @entity4 -y agonist @entity7 (30 mg/kg/d) or @entity7 plus @entity4 -y antagonist @entity6 (0.5 mg/d) before each ovalbumin challenge. The control group (n = 6) was treated with drug vehicle alone. Various allergic responses were assessed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to investigate the mRNA expression of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity8 , and @entity9 . Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of Tregs. RESULTS: @entity0 developed typical pathophysiological @entity3 features after the ovalbumin challenge. The frequencies of sneezing and scratching were significantly decreased by @entity7 treatment (P < .0001). Eosinophils infiltration and the levels of @entity2 and interferon-y in nasal cavity lavage fluid and sera immunoglobulin E were also markedly decreased by @entity7 (P < .001). The expression of @entity5 mRNA and the population of Tregs were significantly increased by @entity7 (P < .05). Cotreatment with @entity6 reversed the anti-inflammatory effects of @entity7 . The effects of @entity4 -y agonist on @entity5 mRNA expression and Tregs induction were abrogated by administration of @entity6 . CONCLUSION: @entity4 -y agonist attenuates upper @entity1 in a @entity4 -y-dependent fashion, and the beneficial effects of @entity7 in @entity1 may be mediated by induction of Tregs.

title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist induces regulatory T cells in a @entity0 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of @entity4 ( @entity4 )-y agonist on the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in a @entity0 model of @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Animal study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: BALB/c @entity0 that received ovalbumin sensitization and challenge served as the ovalbumin group (n = 6). Two separate groups of 6 @entity0 received intragastric administration with @entity4 -y agonist @entity7 (30 mg/kg/d) or @entity7 plus @entity4 -y antagonist @entity6 (0.5 mg/d) before each ovalbumin challenge. The control group (n = 6) was treated with drug vehicle alone. Various allergic responses were assessed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to investigate the mRNA expression of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity8 , and @entity9 . Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of Tregs. RESULTS: @entity0 developed typical pathophysiological @entity3 features after the ovalbumin challenge. The frequencies of sneezing and scratching were significantly decreased by @entity7 treatment (P < .0001). Eosinophils infiltration and the levels of @entity2 and interferon-y in nasal cavity lavage fluid and sera immunoglobulin E were also markedly decreased by @entity7 (P < .001). The expression of @entity5 mRNA and the population of Tregs were significantly increased by @entity7 (P < .05). Cotreatment with @entity6 reversed the anti-inflammatory effects of @entity7 . The effects of @entity4 -y agonist on @entity5 mRNA expression and Tregs induction were abrogated by administration of @entity6 . CONCLUSION: @entity4 -y agonist attenuates upper @entity1 in a @entity4 -y-dependent fashion, and the beneficial effects of @entity7 in @entity1 may be mediated by induction of Tregs.

title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist induces regulatory T cells in a XXXX model of @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: (1) Evaluate the presence of biofilms in @entity0 with @entity1 with @entity2 (CRSwNP) and (2) investigate the association of biofilm presence and CRSwNP. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: University-based tertiary care center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 33 consecutive @entity0 undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for CRSwNP. The control group consisted of 27 control @entity0 undergoing septoplasty for @entity3 without diagnosis of @entity1 . Mucosal samples were harvested intraoperatively for scanning electron microscopic examination to determine biofilm presence. Statistical analysis was performed. For all statistical tests, P = .05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Biofilms were found in 24 (72.7%) of the 33 @entity0 with CRSwNP and in 13 (48.1%) of the 27 septoplasty @entity0 (odds ratio = 2.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.98-8.42; P = .051). CONCLUSION: (1) Biofilms were present in @entity0 undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery for CRSwNP and also in controls without @entity1 . This suggests that biofilms may not be sufficient to cause @entity1 without other cofactors. Host factors could be the responsible for the pathogenesis of biofilms. (2) Although the prevalence of biofilms in @entity0 with CRSwNP was not significantly different from that in the controls, the extremely wide 95% confidence interval, which is just below unity, suggests that a meaningful clinical difference may have been missed because of low statistical power. Further studies are necessary.

title: Biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a @entity1 model of @entity7 (ORN) that uses novel micro-computed tomography bone volume analysis and detailed histology to provide a more effective, quantifiable, and standardized way to study ORN in vivo. STUDY DESIGN: Animal model. SETTING: Academic medical center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Modifications to our previously published @entity1 model of mandibular ORN were done to develop an ideal protocol consisting of 10 @entity1 (6 experimental and 4 controls) with their left middle mandibular molar removed 7 days after either 20 Gy high dose rate brachytherapy or sham irradiation. @entity1 were sacrificed 21 days after extraction for landmark defined bone volume and histologic analysis. RESULTS: A standardized method of quantification was achieved in all samples. The radiated group (XRT) had a mean bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) of 13.8% compared to 65.9% for controls (P < .001). There were increases in osteoclasts and @entity2 , @entity4 ,and less bone in radiated samples with a mean (SD)of 5.91 (3.77) @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and 4.00(1.83) osteoblasts/ @entity6 in XRT samples compared to 1.08(1.08) osteoclasts/ @entity6 and 22.49 (6.00) osteoblasts/ @entity6 for controls (P <.001). CONCLUSION: Our updated model continues to be clinically analogous to @entity0 mandibular ORN and improves the radiologic and histologic analysis of @entity3 , providing a method for quantification of @entity5 . Further cell-specific staining, including immunohistochemistry, can be used with this model to study potential cellular mechanisms of mandibular ORN and test any future therapeutic options.

title: Standardized analysis of XXXX in a @entity1 model.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a @entity1 model of @entity7 (ORN) that uses novel micro-computed tomography bone volume analysis and detailed histology to provide a more effective, quantifiable, and standardized way to study ORN in vivo. STUDY DESIGN: Animal model. SETTING: Academic medical center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Modifications to our previously published @entity1 model of mandibular ORN were done to develop an ideal protocol consisting of 10 @entity1 (6 experimental and 4 controls) with their left middle mandibular molar removed 7 days after either 20 Gy high dose rate brachytherapy or sham irradiation. @entity1 were sacrificed 21 days after extraction for landmark defined bone volume and histologic analysis. RESULTS: A standardized method of quantification was achieved in all samples. The radiated group (XRT) had a mean bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) of 13.8% compared to 65.9% for controls (P < .001). There were increases in osteoclasts and @entity2 , @entity4 ,and less bone in radiated samples with a mean (SD)of 5.91 (3.77) @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and 4.00(1.83) osteoblasts/ @entity6 in XRT samples compared to 1.08(1.08) osteoclasts/ @entity6 and 22.49 (6.00) osteoblasts/ @entity6 for controls (P <.001). CONCLUSION: Our updated model continues to be clinically analogous to @entity0 mandibular ORN and improves the radiologic and histologic analysis of @entity3 , providing a method for quantification of @entity5 . Further cell-specific staining, including immunohistochemistry, can be used with this model to study potential cellular mechanisms of mandibular ORN and test any future therapeutic options.

title: Standardized analysis of @entity7 in a XXXX model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Isolated limb infusion (ILI) with cytotoxic drugs has been used since 1992 to treat advanced @entity3 confined to a limb. Over this time the technique has undergone progressive modification. In this study we evaluated our experience with ILI by analyzing outcome and @entity2 from an "early" and a "late" treatment period. METHODS: We compared the results from our institution for 94 @entity0 treated by ILI in the early period (1992-1999) with the results for 91 @entity0 treated in the late period (2000-2007). All @entity0 had advanced limb @entity3 and received a combination of melphalan and @entity4 . RESULTS: The @entity0 characteristics of the early and late groups were similar, but there was greater @entity1 load in the late group, who had a significantly greater number of lesions (median 4 vs. 5; p = 0.02) and @entity1 (p = 0.03). Drug circulation times were longer in the late group: 22 vs. 31 min (p < 0.0001). In the late group, higher initial and final limb temperatures were achieved. Overall response rates were 85% in both groups. The late treatment group showed a trend towards less @entity2 (p = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS: Response rates and survival following ILI for advanced @entity3 in our late treatment period were similar to those of our early treatment period, despite the significantly greater @entity1 load of the @entity0 treated in the late period. This could be attributed to increased experience and protocol modifications, which allowed longer drug exposure times and higher limb temperatures to be achieved without increased @entity2 .

title: Does increased experience with isolated limb infusion for advanced limb XXXX influence outcome? A comparison of two treatment periods at a single institution.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transforaminal epidural @entity5 injections (TFESI) are widely used for the conservative treatment of @entity4 . The use of @entity6 in TFESIs is relatively new; therefore, immediate and acute adverse effects that it may cause are not fully updated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate immediate and acute adverse effects following TFESI with @entity6 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, observational study. SETTING: A spine center affiliated with a rehabilitation hospital. METHODS: One hundred fifty consecutive @entity0 receiving TFESI for the management of radicular and axial spinal @entity4 at the cervical, lumbar, and sacral levels with @entity6 using fluoroscopic guidance with digital subtraction technology were enrolled. The occurrence of adverse effects in @entity0 in the 2-week time period following interventions was monitored through a set of questionnaires followed up by phone calls scheduled for 1 day, day 3, and day 14. Intensity and duration of side effects were recorded. RESULTS: Of the 150 @entity0 enrolled, 31 @entity0 (19.5%) experienced adverse effects within the first 30 minutes following the intervention. The most common adverse effects were @entity7 and tingling in the limb, which developed in 19 @entity0 (11.95%) followed by perineal @entity3 that occurred in 7 cases (4.4%). @entity0 also reported experiencing adverse effects within the 3 days following intervention; most complained of @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 , and increased @entity4 . No major complications were noted. LIMITATIONS: The sample size enrolled might be too small to perceive possible rare side effects related to the procedure. The 2-week follow-up period is a limitation for evaluating late side effects. CONCLUSIONS: This study offers provision to interventionalists that TFESI with @entity6 when performed by experienced hands and with proper technique has minor self-limited transient adverse effects that can be easily managed. @entity0 should be made aware of these adverse effects and their management. Further larger studies are needed to validate the safe use of @entity6 and the safety of transforaminal epidural injections.

title: Immediate and acute adverse effects following transforaminal epidural @entity5 injections with XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transforaminal epidural @entity5 injections (TFESI) are widely used for the conservative treatment of @entity4 . The use of @entity6 in TFESIs is relatively new; therefore, immediate and acute adverse effects that it may cause are not fully updated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate immediate and acute adverse effects following TFESI with @entity6 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, observational study. SETTING: A spine center affiliated with a rehabilitation hospital. METHODS: One hundred fifty consecutive @entity0 receiving TFESI for the management of radicular and axial spinal @entity4 at the cervical, lumbar, and sacral levels with @entity6 using fluoroscopic guidance with digital subtraction technology were enrolled. The occurrence of adverse effects in @entity0 in the 2-week time period following interventions was monitored through a set of questionnaires followed up by phone calls scheduled for 1 day, day 3, and day 14. Intensity and duration of side effects were recorded. RESULTS: Of the 150 @entity0 enrolled, 31 @entity0 (19.5%) experienced adverse effects within the first 30 minutes following the intervention. The most common adverse effects were @entity7 and tingling in the limb, which developed in 19 @entity0 (11.95%) followed by perineal @entity3 that occurred in 7 cases (4.4%). @entity0 also reported experiencing adverse effects within the 3 days following intervention; most complained of @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity8 , and increased @entity4 . No major complications were noted. LIMITATIONS: The sample size enrolled might be too small to perceive possible rare side effects related to the procedure. The 2-week follow-up period is a limitation for evaluating late side effects. CONCLUSIONS: This study offers provision to interventionalists that TFESI with @entity6 when performed by experienced hands and with proper technique has minor self-limited transient adverse effects that can be easily managed. @entity0 should be made aware of these adverse effects and their management. Further larger studies are needed to validate the safe use of @entity6 and the safety of transforaminal epidural injections.

title: Immediate and acute adverse effects following transforaminal epidural XXXX injections with @entity6 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: National guidelines endorse colonoscopy as the only @entity1 ( @entity1 ) screening test which prevents @entity1 and evaluates the entire large bowel. However, little is known regarding @entity0 compliance with a screening program that exclusively uses colonoscopy, particularly in an underserved population. The Connecticut Department of Public Health provided funds for the total cost of colonoscopies, @entity0 navigators and education of staff and primary care providers. With cost and provider barriers removed, we were able to examine @entity0 related factors influencing compliance with colonoscopy in an ethnically diverse sample of underinsured adults. OBJECTIVE: To determine what @entity0 related factors are predictors of compliance with screening colonoscopy. DESIGN: Cross sectional retrospective study. @entity0 : Underinsured @entity0 (50-64 years) visiting nine Connecticut @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were evaluated for medical eligibility for screening; eligible @entity0 were offered a free colonoscopy. MAIN MEASURES: @entity0 were deemed non-compliant if they refused, canceled or did not show for the colonoscopy. Obesity (Body Mass Index   >=    30), educational attainment, gender, race, ethnicity, previous screening and social ties were examined as primary risk factors for compliance. KEY RESULTS: Of 424 uninsured @entity0 (62% female, 21% White, 26% Black, 53% Hispanic), 354 were eligible for colonoscopy. Among eligible @entity0 , 263 (74.3%) were compliant. @entity2 @entity0 were more likely than @entity2 @entity0 to be non-compliant with colonoscopy (adjusted odds ratio = 2.16; 95% Confidence interval = 1.20-3.89). A high school education was positively correlated with increased compliance social ties such as having a spouse, significant other, family or friend also increased compliance. CONCLUSIONS: In an ethnically diverse, uninsured population, @entity2 @entity0 and @entity0 with lower educational attainment were less likely to comply with free colonoscopy. These @entity0 require special attention in colonoscopy-based @entity1 screening efforts.

title: Predictors of compliance with free endoscopic XXXX screening in uninsured adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This work was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of emergency ureteroscopic lithotripsy in @entity0 with ureteral stones. From May 2003 to December 2010, 244 @entity0 (184 @entity0 and 60 @entity0 , mean age 45.6    12.7 years (range 22-73 years) were treated with emergency ureteroscopic lithotripsy for @entity2 . All @entity0 were divided into three groups according to the stone location in the ureter. Intracorporeal lithotripsy when necessary was performed with the Swiss lithoclast. The overall stone-free status was defined as the complete absence of stone fragments at 4 weeks, postoperatively. A double J stent was inserted in selected @entity0 if there was significant ureteral wall trauma, @entity1 at the stone impaction site, suspected or proved ureteral perforation, and if the stone migrated to the kidney. The overall success rate was 90.6%. The success rates were different according to the stone site. The success rate of groups A, B and C was 69.4, 94.8 and 96.6%, respectively. The overall rate of ureteral stent insertion at the end of the procedure was 177/244 (72.5%). The rate of stent insertion was 41/49 (83.7%), 32/46 (69.6%) and 104/149 (69.8%) in groups A, B and C, respectively. The overall complication, failure, and stricture rate was 32/244 (13.1%), 23/244 (9.4%) and 0.8%, respectively. With the recent advances in ureteroscopic technology, intracorporeal probes and stone extraction devices, emergency ureteroscopy is found to be a safe and effective procedure with immediate relief from ureteral colic and ureteral stone fragmentation.

title: Emergency ureteroscopic lithotripsy in acute renal colic caused by XXXX : a retrospective study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Social @entity1 is characterized by an excessive fear of being embarrassed in social interactions or social performance situations. Emotional support can help to decrease or diminish social distress. Such support may play an important role at different points of social interaction. However, it is unclear how the beneficial effects of social support are represented in the brains of socially anxious individuals. To explore this, we used the same paradigm previously used to examine the effects of emotional support on social @entity2 caused by exclusion. Undergraduates (n = 46) showing a wide range of social @entity1 scores underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while participating in a Cyberball game. @entity0 were initially included and later excluded from the game. In the latter half of the session in which @entity0 were excluded, they were provided with supportive messages. In line with our previous work, we found that social exclusion led to increased anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activity, whereas emotional support led to increased left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activity. Despite validation of the paradigm, social @entity1 was not associated with increased ACC activity during social exclusion, or during perceived emotional support. Instead, fear of negative evaluation as assessed by the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (BFNE) scale showed positive associations with left DLPFC activation while receiving emotional support, compared to while being socially excluded. The more socially anxious an individual was, the greater was the left DLPFC activity increased during receipt of messages. This suggests that highly socially anxious @entity0 still have the ability to perceive social support, but that they are nevertheless susceptible to negative evaluation by others.

title: fMRI Study of XXXX during Social Ostracism with and without Emotional Support.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Shared decision making (SDM) for @entity1 screening (PCS) is recommended for physicians and @entity0 due to the uncertainty regarding the risks and benefits of screening. METHODS: We assessed primary care physicians' attitudes and specific factors that may influence the SDM process, including level of training and practice setting. @entity0 included academic clinicians (n=16), interns/residents (n=84) and community clinicians (n=35). Physicians completed a 26-item survey that assessed attitudes about the SDM process for PCS. RESULTS: More physicians endorsed SDM (47.4%) or the @entity0 deciding (35.6%), while few physicians wanted to decide for their @entity0 about screening. However, 54.8% endorsed an annual PSA as the standard of care. Most felt that decisions should be based on full disclosure of the risks and benefits of testing (93.3%), and few believed that the sensitivity and specificity of the PSA was adequate (36.6%). Across all physicians, lack of time, competing health demands, malpractice fears, and @entity0 interest were all commonly cited as potential factors that influence the SDM process. Compared to academic clinicians and interns/residents, community clinicians were more likely to endorse annual screening, to be concerned about malpractice, and to agree that PSA sensitivity and specificity are acceptable. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate physician, @entity0 and systemic factors regarding the PCS decision. Further effort is needed to overcome the barriers of engaging @entity0 in SDM if we want to truly promote effective SDM for PCS, as espoused by national guidelines.

title: Physicians' attitudes about shared decision making for XXXX screening.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is an @entity5 . The genetic cause is an expansion of CAG repeats located in the @entity2 gene. Though the number of CAG repeats ((CAG)n) can largely explain the @entity6 ( @entity6 ), a percentage of its variation could be attributed to modifier genes and to environmental factors. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of genetic modifiers of the @entity6 of @entity1 including: (CAG)n and del2642 in the @entity2 gene, @entity7 @entity8 , @entity9 @entity11 , @entity4 @entity10 and @entity3 @entity12 . Eighteen @entity0 with positive family history and @entity1 suggestive symptoms were recruited. The (CAG)n and gene polymorphisms were determined by different molecular biology techniques. We observed that the (CAG)n influenced in a 64.5% of the variability in the @entity6 . We also showed that the @entity8 variant significantly affected this variability. However, the influence of @entity3 , del2642, @entity9 and @entity4 gene polymorphisms could not be replicated, perhaps due to small sample size. Genetic studies including the molecular determination of (CAG)n in addition to other genetic modifiers involved in the variability of the @entity6 were first performed in Uruguay. We could replicate in our cohort the anticipation effect on the @entity6 by the @entity7 @entity8 . Our results confirm the usefulness of an expanded molecular characterization in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Molecular characterization of genes modifying the age at onset in XXXX in Uruguayan @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is an @entity5 . The genetic cause is an expansion of CAG repeats located in the @entity2 gene. Though the number of CAG repeats ((CAG)n) can largely explain the @entity6 ( @entity6 ), a percentage of its variation could be attributed to modifier genes and to environmental factors. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of genetic modifiers of the @entity6 of @entity1 including: (CAG)n and del2642 in the @entity2 gene, @entity7 @entity8 , @entity9 @entity11 , @entity4 @entity10 and @entity3 @entity12 . Eighteen @entity0 with positive family history and @entity1 suggestive symptoms were recruited. The (CAG)n and gene polymorphisms were determined by different molecular biology techniques. We observed that the (CAG)n influenced in a 64.5% of the variability in the @entity6 . We also showed that the @entity8 variant significantly affected this variability. However, the influence of @entity3 , del2642, @entity9 and @entity4 gene polymorphisms could not be replicated, perhaps due to small sample size. Genetic studies including the molecular determination of (CAG)n in addition to other genetic modifiers involved in the variability of the @entity6 were first performed in Uruguay. We could replicate in our cohort the anticipation effect on the @entity6 by the @entity7 @entity8 . Our results confirm the usefulness of an expanded molecular characterization in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Molecular characterization of genes modifying the age at onset in @entity1 in Uruguayan XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In this study, we identified differential expression of immunoreactive @entity3 ( @entity3 )/gelatinase A, membrane-anchored @entity5 / @entity5 , and @entity0 @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in @entity0 benign and malignant thyroid tissues. @entity3 and @entity5 were detected in the majority of @entity2 tissues and colocalized with @entity9 -positive cells. @entity3 was mostly absent in goiter tissues and, similar to @entity9 , may serve as a marker for @entity2 . @entity3 and @entity5 were identified as novel @entity9 targets. @entity9 caused a significant downregulation of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) 3 protein levels but did not change the expression levels of @entity4 , and @entity7 , @entity6 , and @entity10 in @entity0 @entity2 cells. @entity9 failed to affect the expression of @entity8 , 3, 8, and 9 in the @entity2 cells investigated. Stable @entity9 transfectants secreted enhanced levels of bioactive @entity3 which contributed to the increased collagenolytic activity and in vitro invasiveness into collagen matrix by @entity0 @entity2 cells. Three-dimensional reconstitution of confocal fluorescent microscopy images revealed larger-sized invadopodia, with intense @entity5 accumulation at the leading migrating edge in @entity9 transfectants when compared with enhanced green fluorescent protein clones. In @entity9 transfectants actin stress fibers contributed to pseudopodia formation. In conclusion, enhanced @entity1 cell invasion by @entity9 involves the formation of @entity5 -enriched invadopodia that lead to increased collagenolytic cell invasion by @entity0 @entity2 cells.

title: Relaxin enhances the collagenolytic activity and in vitro invasiveness by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases in @entity0 XXXX cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In this study, we identified differential expression of immunoreactive @entity3 ( @entity3 )/gelatinase A, membrane-anchored @entity5 / @entity5 , and @entity0 @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in @entity0 benign and malignant thyroid tissues. @entity3 and @entity5 were detected in the majority of @entity2 tissues and colocalized with @entity9 -positive cells. @entity3 was mostly absent in goiter tissues and, similar to @entity9 , may serve as a marker for @entity2 . @entity3 and @entity5 were identified as novel @entity9 targets. @entity9 caused a significant downregulation of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) 3 protein levels but did not change the expression levels of @entity4 , and @entity7 , @entity6 , and @entity10 in @entity0 @entity2 cells. @entity9 failed to affect the expression of @entity8 , 3, 8, and 9 in the @entity2 cells investigated. Stable @entity9 transfectants secreted enhanced levels of bioactive @entity3 which contributed to the increased collagenolytic activity and in vitro invasiveness into collagen matrix by @entity0 @entity2 cells. Three-dimensional reconstitution of confocal fluorescent microscopy images revealed larger-sized invadopodia, with intense @entity5 accumulation at the leading migrating edge in @entity9 transfectants when compared with enhanced green fluorescent protein clones. In @entity9 transfectants actin stress fibers contributed to pseudopodia formation. In conclusion, enhanced @entity1 cell invasion by @entity9 involves the formation of @entity5 -enriched invadopodia that lead to increased collagenolytic cell invasion by @entity0 @entity2 cells.

title: Relaxin enhances the collagenolytic activity and in vitro invasiveness by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases in XXXX @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare long-term survival and quality of life (QOL) outcomes after bilobectomy and lobectomy for @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: A cohort of 951 consecutive @entity0 was identified from a single treatment institution, of whom 128 underwent bilobectomy and 823, lobectomy. Propensity score matching (1:3) was applied to balance known confounders between the two surgical groups and resulted in 512 @entity0 (matched cohort). Unmatched and matched analyses were performed to compare clinical outcomes between the two groups, including operative mortality rate, morbidity rate, long-term survival, overall QOL, and specific symptoms. RESULTS: Operative mortality was higher in the bilobectomy group than in the lobectomy group (2.3% versus 0.5%, p = 0.022). Morbidity rates did not differ significantly between the two groups in either unmatched or matched cohort. In the unmatched analysis, the overall survival ( @entity3 [p = 0.003]) and disease-free survival (DFS [p = 0.003]) were significantly lower in the bilobectomy group; whereas in the matched analysis, no significant difference was found in either @entity3 (p = 0.473) or DFS (p = 0.387). Using multivariate analysis, the operation type was not found to be a significant factor for either @entity3 (hazard ratio 1.18; 95% confidence interval: 0.91 to 1.52; p = 0.22) or DFS (hazard ratio 1.22; 95% confidence interval: 0.95 to 1.58; p = 0.13). @entity0 who underwent bilobectomy appeared to have similar measures of QOL as lobectomy @entity0 , except for coughing and @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that @entity0 with @entity1 treated with bilobectomy had similar morbidity, @entity3 , DFS, and overall QOL as @entity0 treated with lobectomy, but had higher mortality by matched analysis.

title: Bilobectomy Versus Lobectomy for XXXX : A Comparative Study of Outcomes, Long-Term Survival, and Quality of Life.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This 4-year-old male @entity0 was diagnosed at birth as having several minor @entity1 . X-rays taken during the first year of his life showed a single, massively dilated loop of bowel in the upper abdomen, not appreciated at the time. In 1980 he was admitted to Jackson Memorial Hospital with the diagnosis of @entity2 . An upper gastrointestinal series showed one tremendously dilated loop of distal ileum. At laparotomy, the @entity0 was found to have extreme segmental dilatation of one loop of distal ileum which ended abruptly; there was no evident external cause for obstruction. The resected loop contained in excess of 200 cc of watery brown liquid. The mucosal folds and underlying smooth muscle bundles, in the dilated portion only, were not arranged circumferentially but rather in a distinctive finger-print-like pattern with trifurcations, whorls, and intricate interdigitations which had probably produced contractions of a circus type rather than normal peristaltic waves. We have been able to find only three reports in the literature in which, as was the case here, the so-called " @entity3 " presented as a single tremendously dilated segment of ileum, sharply demarcated at its distal end. In none of them is there any description of the orientation of muscle bundles. We believe that the abnormal arrangement of smooth muscle in the muscular coat in this specimen, and perhaps in the others, probably represents the underlying cause for the extreme localized dilatation.

title: A @entity1 in the arrangement of muscle bundles in a segment of the distal ileum, producing obstruction: a variant of the so-called " XXXX ".

answer: @entity3


abstract: This 4-year-old male @entity0 was diagnosed at birth as having several minor @entity1 . X-rays taken during the first year of his life showed a single, massively dilated loop of bowel in the upper abdomen, not appreciated at the time. In 1980 he was admitted to Jackson Memorial Hospital with the diagnosis of @entity2 . An upper gastrointestinal series showed one tremendously dilated loop of distal ileum. At laparotomy, the @entity0 was found to have extreme segmental dilatation of one loop of distal ileum which ended abruptly; there was no evident external cause for obstruction. The resected loop contained in excess of 200 cc of watery brown liquid. The mucosal folds and underlying smooth muscle bundles, in the dilated portion only, were not arranged circumferentially but rather in a distinctive finger-print-like pattern with trifurcations, whorls, and intricate interdigitations which had probably produced contractions of a circus type rather than normal peristaltic waves. We have been able to find only three reports in the literature in which, as was the case here, the so-called " @entity3 " presented as a single tremendously dilated segment of ileum, sharply demarcated at its distal end. In none of them is there any description of the orientation of muscle bundles. We believe that the abnormal arrangement of smooth muscle in the muscular coat in this specimen, and perhaps in the others, probably represents the underlying cause for the extreme localized dilatation.

title: A XXXX in the arrangement of muscle bundles in a segment of the distal ileum, producing obstruction: a variant of the so-called " @entity3 ".

answer: @entity1


abstract: Epidural opiate application was performed in 75 @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity1 . To reduce the risk of @entity2 , the epidural catheter was in part placed subcutaneously. Degree and duration of @entity5 were determined after epidural @entity4 (with and without @entity6 ), @entity8 or @entity7 . Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were measured and side-effects were registered. The longest duration of @entity5 was observed after epidural @entity4 . In long-term treatment there was a reduced efficiency and the frequency of daily injections increased, especially in those @entity0 who already had received systemic opiates prior to the epidural opiate administration. This may be due to tolerance of the spinal receptors. A combination of epidural @entity4 with small doses of local anesthetics caused prolonged action and delayed the onset of tolerance. Besides slight influences on respiratory function, which may be referred to the initial period of systemic absorption, there were no relevant side-effects. Regarding certain precautions the epidural application of @entity4 may have advantages in comparison to systemic analgetics in treatment of @entity3 .

title: [Epidural opiates for relief of XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity3


abstract: To evaluate the association of heart rate (HR) response with abnormal scan and/or left ventricular (LV) function in @entity0 undergoing @entity1 myocardial perfusion imaging, we prospectively studied 164 consecutive @entity0 who underwent a standard @entity1 stress test (without exercise) and myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) using @entity3 radioisotope. Change in HR was calculated by subtracting HR at rest from peak HR. The percentage change in HR was calculated. All @entity0 underwent stress and resting single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was calculated using gated SPECT. Mean age was 54    11.7 years and 126 of the @entity0 (72%) were @entity0 . We divided the @entity0 into 2 groups: group 1(42 @entity0 , 25%) had normal scans and group 2(122 @entity0 , 74.3%) had abnormal scans; abnormal scans were defined as presence of either @entity2 , reversible defects, or both. Average HR increased by 35 beats/min in the normal scan group compared with 23 beats/min in the abnormal scan group (p=0.002). Sixty four (64) @entity0 (39%) had reduced EF (<45%). This group had an average HR and percentage HR increase of 23 beats/min (27%) compared with an increase of 35 beats/min (38%) in @entity0 with normal EF (p=0.002 and p=0.02, respectively). Thus, a diminished HR response had a significant association with both an abnormal scan and reduced EF on @entity1 MPI.

title: Association of heart rate response with scan and left ventricular function on XXXX stress myocardial perfusion imaging.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective Since its introduction 50 years ago, the contraceptive pill has continuously evolved to decrease the risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) associated with its use. An increased risk of @entity1 still remains, however. Other concerns, such as effects on lipid and @entity2 metabolism, have also been reported. In this study we compared two reference combined @entity7 (COCs) containing @entity3 (EE)/ @entity5 (LNG) and EE/ @entity6 (DRSP) with COCs containing @entity0 (E2) ( @entity4 [ @entity11 ]/dienogest [DNG] and E2/ @entity10 [NOMAC]). They were evaluated according to their influence on recognised haemostatic and metabolic markers. Methods A literature search of the MEDLINE/PubMed database was conducted for head-to-head studies. EE/LNG was chosen as the comparator pill. Results The haemostatic impact of E2 pills and EE/LNG has been extensively compared, in contrast to that of EE/DRSP and EE/LNG. Changes in haemostatic and metabolic marker levels between EE/LNG and @entity11 /DNG were generally not statistically significant. @entity8 showed statistically significantly favourable results on haemostatic markers and had a neutral effect on @entity2 and lipid metabolism when compared with EE/LNG. Conclusion @entity8 exhibits less haemostatic and metabolic impact than EE/LNG and other COCs, suggesting that it may be a promising candidate to reduce residual @entity1 risk associated with @entity9 use. Confirmation from a well-powered prospective clinical trial is, however, needed.

title: Haemostatic and metabolic impact of @entity0 pills and @entity6 -containing XXXX pills vs. @entity5 -containing @entity3 pills: A literature review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective Since its introduction 50 years ago, the contraceptive pill has continuously evolved to decrease the risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) associated with its use. An increased risk of @entity1 still remains, however. Other concerns, such as effects on lipid and @entity2 metabolism, have also been reported. In this study we compared two reference combined @entity7 (COCs) containing @entity3 (EE)/ @entity5 (LNG) and EE/ @entity6 (DRSP) with COCs containing @entity0 (E2) ( @entity4 [ @entity11 ]/dienogest [DNG] and E2/ @entity10 [NOMAC]). They were evaluated according to their influence on recognised haemostatic and metabolic markers. Methods A literature search of the MEDLINE/PubMed database was conducted for head-to-head studies. EE/LNG was chosen as the comparator pill. Results The haemostatic impact of E2 pills and EE/LNG has been extensively compared, in contrast to that of EE/DRSP and EE/LNG. Changes in haemostatic and metabolic marker levels between EE/LNG and @entity11 /DNG were generally not statistically significant. @entity8 showed statistically significantly favourable results on haemostatic markers and had a neutral effect on @entity2 and lipid metabolism when compared with EE/LNG. Conclusion @entity8 exhibits less haemostatic and metabolic impact than EE/LNG and other COCs, suggesting that it may be a promising candidate to reduce residual @entity1 risk associated with @entity9 use. Confirmation from a well-powered prospective clinical trial is, however, needed.

title: Haemostatic and metabolic impact of @entity0 pills and @entity6 -containing @entity3 pills vs. @entity5 -containing XXXX pills: A literature review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective Since its introduction 50 years ago, the contraceptive pill has continuously evolved to decrease the risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) associated with its use. An increased risk of @entity1 still remains, however. Other concerns, such as effects on lipid and @entity2 metabolism, have also been reported. In this study we compared two reference combined @entity7 (COCs) containing @entity3 (EE)/ @entity5 (LNG) and EE/ @entity6 (DRSP) with COCs containing @entity0 (E2) ( @entity4 [ @entity11 ]/dienogest [DNG] and E2/ @entity10 [NOMAC]). They were evaluated according to their influence on recognised haemostatic and metabolic markers. Methods A literature search of the MEDLINE/PubMed database was conducted for head-to-head studies. EE/LNG was chosen as the comparator pill. Results The haemostatic impact of E2 pills and EE/LNG has been extensively compared, in contrast to that of EE/DRSP and EE/LNG. Changes in haemostatic and metabolic marker levels between EE/LNG and @entity11 /DNG were generally not statistically significant. @entity8 showed statistically significantly favourable results on haemostatic markers and had a neutral effect on @entity2 and lipid metabolism when compared with EE/LNG. Conclusion @entity8 exhibits less haemostatic and metabolic impact than EE/LNG and other COCs, suggesting that it may be a promising candidate to reduce residual @entity1 risk associated with @entity9 use. Confirmation from a well-powered prospective clinical trial is, however, needed.

title: Haemostatic and metabolic impact of XXXX pills and @entity6 -containing @entity3 pills vs. @entity5 -containing @entity3 pills: A literature review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective Since its introduction 50 years ago, the contraceptive pill has continuously evolved to decrease the risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) associated with its use. An increased risk of @entity1 still remains, however. Other concerns, such as effects on lipid and @entity2 metabolism, have also been reported. In this study we compared two reference combined @entity7 (COCs) containing @entity3 (EE)/ @entity5 (LNG) and EE/ @entity6 (DRSP) with COCs containing @entity0 (E2) ( @entity4 [ @entity11 ]/dienogest [DNG] and E2/ @entity10 [NOMAC]). They were evaluated according to their influence on recognised haemostatic and metabolic markers. Methods A literature search of the MEDLINE/PubMed database was conducted for head-to-head studies. EE/LNG was chosen as the comparator pill. Results The haemostatic impact of E2 pills and EE/LNG has been extensively compared, in contrast to that of EE/DRSP and EE/LNG. Changes in haemostatic and metabolic marker levels between EE/LNG and @entity11 /DNG were generally not statistically significant. @entity8 showed statistically significantly favourable results on haemostatic markers and had a neutral effect on @entity2 and lipid metabolism when compared with EE/LNG. Conclusion @entity8 exhibits less haemostatic and metabolic impact than EE/LNG and other COCs, suggesting that it may be a promising candidate to reduce residual @entity1 risk associated with @entity9 use. Confirmation from a well-powered prospective clinical trial is, however, needed.

title: Haemostatic and metabolic impact of @entity0 pills and @entity6 -containing @entity3 pills vs. XXXX -containing @entity3 pills: A literature review.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective Since its introduction 50 years ago, the contraceptive pill has continuously evolved to decrease the risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) associated with its use. An increased risk of @entity1 still remains, however. Other concerns, such as effects on lipid and @entity2 metabolism, have also been reported. In this study we compared two reference combined @entity7 (COCs) containing @entity3 (EE)/ @entity5 (LNG) and EE/ @entity6 (DRSP) with COCs containing @entity0 (E2) ( @entity4 [ @entity11 ]/dienogest [DNG] and E2/ @entity10 [NOMAC]). They were evaluated according to their influence on recognised haemostatic and metabolic markers. Methods A literature search of the MEDLINE/PubMed database was conducted for head-to-head studies. EE/LNG was chosen as the comparator pill. Results The haemostatic impact of E2 pills and EE/LNG has been extensively compared, in contrast to that of EE/DRSP and EE/LNG. Changes in haemostatic and metabolic marker levels between EE/LNG and @entity11 /DNG were generally not statistically significant. @entity8 showed statistically significantly favourable results on haemostatic markers and had a neutral effect on @entity2 and lipid metabolism when compared with EE/LNG. Conclusion @entity8 exhibits less haemostatic and metabolic impact than EE/LNG and other COCs, suggesting that it may be a promising candidate to reduce residual @entity1 risk associated with @entity9 use. Confirmation from a well-powered prospective clinical trial is, however, needed.

title: Haemostatic and metabolic impact of @entity0 pills and XXXX -containing @entity3 pills vs. @entity5 -containing @entity3 pills: A literature review.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of the major enteric pathogens in dairy and dairy beef @entity0 with @entity1 in Australia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Faecal samples from 84 Australian dairy and dairy beef properties (597 samples) were screened for rotavirus and coronavirus using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, for @entity4 spp. using selective enrichment faecal culture, and for enterotoxigenic @entity2 (K99) and @entity3 using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A logistic regression with random effects model was used to compare prevalence of pathogens in dairy and dairy beef operations. RESULTS: Enteric pathogens were isolated from 97.6% of outbreaks and 95.0% of samples. Rotavirus was the most common pathogen identified (477/597, 79.9%) followed by @entity3 (349/597, 58.5%), @entity4 spp. (142/597, 23.8%), coronavirus (129/597, 21.6%) and @entity2 K99 (104/597, 17.4%). Multiple pathogens were identified on 96.4% of farms and from 71.0% of samples. Samples from dairy beef properties were more likely to have multiple pathogens than dairy properties (P < 0.05), whereas @entity5 spp. were more likely to be identified in samples collected from dairy beef than dairy properties (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Most outbreaks of @entity0 @entity1 in dairy and dairy beef operations involve multiple pathogens. Rotavirus and @entity3 were the most frequently identified pathogens across production systems. @entity4 spp. and rotavirus were more frequently identified in dairy beef operations.

title: Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of the major enteric pathogens in dairy and dairy beef @entity0 with @entity1 in Australia. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Faecal samples from 84 Australian dairy and dairy beef properties (597 samples) were screened for rotavirus and coronavirus using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, for @entity4 spp. using selective enrichment faecal culture, and for enterotoxigenic @entity2 (K99) and @entity3 using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A logistic regression with random effects model was used to compare prevalence of pathogens in dairy and dairy beef operations. RESULTS: Enteric pathogens were isolated from 97.6% of outbreaks and 95.0% of samples. Rotavirus was the most common pathogen identified (477/597, 79.9%) followed by @entity3 (349/597, 58.5%), @entity4 spp. (142/597, 23.8%), coronavirus (129/597, 21.6%) and @entity2 K99 (104/597, 17.4%). Multiple pathogens were identified on 96.4% of farms and from 71.0% of samples. Samples from dairy beef properties were more likely to have multiple pathogens than dairy properties (P < 0.05), whereas @entity5 spp. were more likely to be identified in samples collected from dairy beef than dairy properties (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Most outbreaks of @entity0 @entity1 in dairy and dairy beef operations involve multiple pathogens. Rotavirus and @entity3 were the most frequently identified pathogens across production systems. @entity4 spp. and rotavirus were more frequently identified in dairy beef operations.

title: Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: Report the 2-year operative and clinical outcomes of these service members with @entity4 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The majority of @entity4 occur at the thoracolumbar level, with @entity4 caudal to L2 accounting for only 1% of spine @entity4 . A previous report from this institution regarding combat-related spine burst @entity4 documented an increased incidence of @entity4 in injured service members. METHODS: Review of inpatient and outpatient medical records in addition to radiographs for all @entity0 treated at our institution with combat-related burst @entity4 occurring at the L3-L5 levels. RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity0 with a mean age of 28.1   7.2 underwent surgery for low lumbar (L3-L5) burst @entity4 . The mean number of thoracolumbar levels injured was 2.9    1.4. Eleven @entity0 had @entity1 , 4 of which were complete. The mean days to surgery were 16.8    24.5. The mean number of levels fused was 4.3    2.1, with fixation extending to the pelvis in 4 @entity0 (17%). Fourteen (61%) @entity0 had at least 1 postoperative complication, with 7 (30%) requiring reoperation. Five @entity0 had a postoperative wound @entity6 . Five @entity0 had @entity8 , 3 had @entity9 . Mean clinical follow-up was 3.3   2.2 years. At latest follow-up, all were separated from military service, 10 experienced persistent bowel/ @entity10 , 15 had @entity2 , and 10 had documented persistent @entity11 . Nineteen had @entity7 with 18 @entity0 still taking @entity3 medications and/or muscle relaxers. CONCLUSION: Low lumbar burst @entity4 are a rare injury with an increased incidence in combat casualties engaged in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. We found a high rate of @entity5 (61%), as well as a high reoperation rate (30%). At approximately 3 years of follow-up, most of these @entity0 had persistent @entity1 and @entity7 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

title: Outcomes After Operative Management of Combat-Related XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity5 polymorphism of the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity1 is known to affect economically important traits such as growth rate and backfat thickness. We have assessed the possible use of this polymorphism as a molecular marker to perform genetic selection toward lower boar taint levels without compromising growth performance and carcass and meat quality in commercial boars and gilts. Homozygous boars and gilts of the @entity2 genotype and GG genotype were compared in an intervention study with a 2 * 2 design to assess main effects and possible interactions between sex and genotype. The concentrations of the 3 boar taint compounds @entity6 ( = 0.044), skatole ( = 0.049), and @entity0 ( = 0.006) were significantly higher in fat of @entity2 boars compared to GG boars. However, no effect on the sensory analysis of the fat samples could be observed. Between 20 and 115 kg BW, @entity2 @entity1 showed higher ADFI than GG @entity1 ( < 0.001). An interaction between genotype and sex was observed for @entity3 ( = 0.044): @entity2 boars had a significantly higher @entity3 than GG boars but there was no significant difference between the gilts. Daily lean meat gain tended to be higher in boars compared to gilts ( = 0.051), independent of genotype. Similarly, boars showed higher G:F compared to gilts ( < 0.001), without effect of genotype. Genotype and sex affected several carcass quality parameters but there was no interaction. @entity1 of the @entity2 genotype displayed a lower dressing percentage ( = 0.005), lower ham width ( = 0.024), lower muscle thickness ( = 0.011), and higher fat thickness ( < 0.001), resulting in a lower lean meat percentage ( < 0.001) in comparison with GG @entity1 . Gilts had a significantly higher dressing percentage ( < 0.001), higher muscle thickness ( < 0.001), higher ham width ( < 0.001), and lower ham angle ( < 0.001) compared to boars. Other than the boar taint compounds, meat quality was not affected by genotype. Pork of gilts was darker ( = 0.014) and less exudative during cooking ( < 0.001) and contained more intramuscular fat ( = 0.013). These results indicate that genetic selection against boar taint is possible using this marker. This will also result in lower feed intake and @entity3 and, consequently, better carcass quality.

title: An intervention study demonstrates effects of XXXX genotype on boar taint and performances of growing-finishing @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity5 polymorphism of the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity1 is known to affect economically important traits such as growth rate and backfat thickness. We have assessed the possible use of this polymorphism as a molecular marker to perform genetic selection toward lower boar taint levels without compromising growth performance and carcass and meat quality in commercial boars and gilts. Homozygous boars and gilts of the @entity2 genotype and GG genotype were compared in an intervention study with a 2 * 2 design to assess main effects and possible interactions between sex and genotype. The concentrations of the 3 boar taint compounds @entity6 ( = 0.044), skatole ( = 0.049), and @entity0 ( = 0.006) were significantly higher in fat of @entity2 boars compared to GG boars. However, no effect on the sensory analysis of the fat samples could be observed. Between 20 and 115 kg BW, @entity2 @entity1 showed higher ADFI than GG @entity1 ( < 0.001). An interaction between genotype and sex was observed for @entity3 ( = 0.044): @entity2 boars had a significantly higher @entity3 than GG boars but there was no significant difference between the gilts. Daily lean meat gain tended to be higher in boars compared to gilts ( = 0.051), independent of genotype. Similarly, boars showed higher G:F compared to gilts ( < 0.001), without effect of genotype. Genotype and sex affected several carcass quality parameters but there was no interaction. @entity1 of the @entity2 genotype displayed a lower dressing percentage ( = 0.005), lower ham width ( = 0.024), lower muscle thickness ( = 0.011), and higher fat thickness ( < 0.001), resulting in a lower lean meat percentage ( < 0.001) in comparison with GG @entity1 . Gilts had a significantly higher dressing percentage ( < 0.001), higher muscle thickness ( < 0.001), higher ham width ( < 0.001), and lower ham angle ( < 0.001) compared to boars. Other than the boar taint compounds, meat quality was not affected by genotype. Pork of gilts was darker ( = 0.014) and less exudative during cooking ( < 0.001) and contained more intramuscular fat ( = 0.013). These results indicate that genetic selection against boar taint is possible using this marker. This will also result in lower feed intake and @entity3 and, consequently, better carcass quality.

title: An intervention study demonstrates effects of @entity4 genotype on boar taint and performances of growing-finishing XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent reports indicate that the incidence of nontuberculous @entity1 (NTM-LD) is increasing. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and clinical features of NTM-LD @entity0 in Nagasaki prefecture, Japan to identify the negative prognostic factors for NTM-LD in Japan. METHODS: The medical records of @entity0 newly diagnosed with NTM-LD in eleven hospitals in Nagasaki prefecture between January 2001 and February 2010 were reviewed. Data regarding the annual population of each region and the incidence of all forms of @entity2 were collected to assess geographic variations in NTM-LD incidence, isolates, and radiological features. RESULTS: A total 975 @entity0 were diagnosed with NTM-LD. The incidence increased over the study period and reached 11.0 and 10.1 per 100,000 population in 2008 and 2009, respectively. @entity4 was the most common pathogen in the southern region, and @entity3 most common in other regions. The most common radiographic pattern was the nodular-bronchiectatic pattern. Age >60 years, body mass index <18.5 kg/m2, underlying @entity1 , and cavitary pattern were the negative prognostic factors at the 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of NTM-LD has been increasing in Nagasaki prefecture. The isolates and radiographic features of @entity0 vary markedly by region.

title: Epidemiology and clinical features of XXXX in Nagasaki, Japan.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical cohort study. OBJECTIVE: To examine performance of the U- @entity3 for the closure of inadvertent durotomy occurring during minimally invasive spinal surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Primary closure of inadvertent durotomies that occur during minimally invasive spinal surgery can be technically difficult to accomplish when using standard knot-tying and suture management techniques, owing to the narrow and deep surgical corridor afforded by tubular retraction systems. The U- @entity3 is a novel device that can achieve tight tissue approximation without the need for knot-tying and excessive suture manipulation, making it ideally suited for use in minimally invasive spinal surgeries. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of @entity0 who underwent minimally invasive decompressive procedures complicated by durotomy and repaired using U-Clips for the period January 2008 to January 2010. A total of seven @entity0 were identified. RESULTS: Four of the seven @entity0 were male. Six @entity0 underwent lumbar laminectomy or discectomy. One @entity0 underwent resection of a cervical @entity2 . In each @entity0 , the durotomy was repaired primarily using U-Clips. All six lumbar @entity0 were discharged home on the same day, and the remaining @entity0 was discharged the following morning. Mean follow-up was 6.3 months. No @entity0 experienced symptoms related to persistent @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Primary closure of an inadvertent durotomy occurring during minimally invasive spinal surgery can be effectively achieved using the self-closing U- @entity3 device.

title: Primary closure of inadvertent durotomies utilizing the U- XXXX in minimally invasive spinal surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: To assess long-term pulmonary function after surgical correction of adolescent @entity1 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Pulmonary function is known to decline with increasing age. Although there are published reports on 2- and 5-year pulmonary function test outcomesafter various surgical approaches for adolescent @entity1 , 10-year pulmonary function tests of these @entity0 is unknown. METHODS: Forty-nine @entity0 were divided into two groups who underwent surgery for adolescent @entity1 at a single institution. There were 46 female @entity0 and three male @entity0 . All group one @entity0 (n = 38) had some form of chest wall disruption during their spinal fusion: group 1A (n = 17) underwent open anterior spinal fusion/instrumentation, group 1B (n = 9) had a combined open anteroposterior spinal fusion, and group 1C (n = 12) had a posterior spinal fusion/instrumentation with thoracoplasty. Group 2 @entity0 (n = 11) underwent posterior spinal fusion/instrumentation with iliac crest bone graft and no chest cage disruption. We evaluated preoperative and 10-year pulmonary function test values. RESULTS: Within-group comparison revealed that group 1 experienced no change in forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)), but demonstrated a significant decrease in percent-predicted FVC (85% vs. 79%, P = 0.00086) and FEV(1) values (80% vs. 76%, P = 0.038). Conversely, group 2 experienced a significant increase in both FVC (3.25L vs. 3.66L, P = 0.011) and FEV(1) (2.77L vs. 3.10L, P = 0.0019), but no changes in percent-predicted values from baseline to 10 years. No changes were noted in percent-predicted values between 5 and 10 years in either group. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative chest wall violation produced detrimental pulmonary effects, as reflected by reduced percent-predicted values at 10-year follow-up. Posterior-only procedures, which spared the chest wall, showed significant improvements in FVC and FEV(1) absolute values without any change in percent-predicted values.

title: Pulmonary function in adolescent XXXX relative to the surgical procedure: a 10-year follow-up analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of symptomatic @entity5 ( @entity5 ) after endoscopic discectomy and to compare the results of surgical and conservative management of them. METHODS: Initial study @entity0 were 1,503 cases (1,406 @entity0 ) receiving @entity4 by 23-member board of neurosurgeons from March 2003 to October 2008. All @entity0 ' postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were evaluated. On the postoperative MRI, cystic lesion of T2W high and T1W low at discectomy site was regarded as @entity5 . Reviews of medical records and radiological findings were done. The @entity5 @entity0 were divided into two groups, surgical and conservative management by treatment modality after @entity5 detection. We compared the results of the two groups using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for @entity3 ( @entity3 ), VAS for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and the @entity2 index (ODI). RESULTS: Among 1,503 cases of all male soldiers, the MRIs showed that @entity5 formed in 15 @entity0 , about 1.0% of the initial cases. The mean postoperative interval from surgery to @entity5 detection was 53.7 days. Interlaminar approach was correlated with @entity5 formation compared with transforaminal approach (p=0.001). The mean VAS for @entity3 and @entity1 in the surgical group improved from 6.5 and 4.8 to 2.0 and 2.3, respectively. The mean VAS for @entity3 and @entity1 in the conservative group improved from 4.4 and 4.4 to 3.9 and 2.3, respectively. There was no difference in treatment outcome between surgical and conservative management of symptomatic @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Although this study was done in limited environment, symptomatic @entity5 was detected at two months' postoperative period in about 1% of cases. Interlaminar approach seems to be more related with @entity5 compared with transforaminal approach.

title: Symptomatic post-discectomy pseudocyst after XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: One hundred four @entity0 , 80 @entity0 and 24 @entity0 , with @entity7 following treatment for gynecologic and @entity1 were studied. In 50 @entity0 , the @entity2 was treated surgically; 54 @entity0 were treated conservatively. The age and sex distributions were the same in each group. In 63 @entity0 , symptoms developed one month to one year after radiotherapy. The longest latent interval was 17 years. Of the 50 surgical @entity0 , 23 had associated small bowel injury. The indications for surgery for the @entity2 were 1) @entity8 unresponsive to conservative measures in 14 @entity0 , 2) @entity6 or @entity5 or both in 32, and 3) rectosigmoid perforation in four. Forty-one @entity0 had external diversions. Eleven had intestinal continuity restored; six of the 11 had required the stoma for @entity8 unresponsive to medical measures. Nineteen @entity0 did not undergo colostomy closure, although symptoms wer greatly improved. Diversion alone was insufficient treatment in the remaining 11 @entity0 . Twenty-six @entity0 died. The 12 @entity3 in the surgical group comprised four due to residual malignancy, four from @entity4 , and four from unrelated causes. Of the 14 @entity3 in the nonsurgical group, 11 died of the primary malignancy and three of unrelated causes. Diversion is considered the safest form of treatment for rectovaginal fistulae, rectal strictures, and @entity8 unresponsive to medical measures. Intestinal resection resulted in sharp rise in the morbidity and mortality rates.

title: XXXX of the rectum: evaluation of surgical treatment.

answer: @entity7


abstract: The risk of @entity3 in @entity0 is well established. The risk of @entity3 following splenectomy in the adult remains unknown. This study provides data on this important subject. All adults (ages 16--91) who underwent splenectomies in three hospitals of the Louisiana State University Medical Center between 1965 and 1975 were identified. There were 298 @entity0 included in the study. Postsplenectomy information was collected on 256 @entity0 . The mean period of observation was 45 months (960 @entity0 years). There were seven deaths from fulminant @entity3 (incidence rate: 2.7%). Data were collected on 250 @entity0 who had either a gastrectomy or cholecystectomy without splenectomy. The mean period of observation was 61 months (1270 @entity0 years). There were no deaths due to fulminant @entity3 (p less than 0.05). When @entity3 was compared with the risk of @entity3 in the population at large (0.001%), the difference is significant (p less than 0.001). In the subgroup of 69 @entity0 with hematologic or @entity1 , there were three deaths from @entity3 (4.3%). In 187 @entity0 with no underlying diseases, four @entity0 developed @entity3 , which is an incidence of 2.2% (p less than 0.05 when compared with the population at large and control group). The risk of @entity3 appears to be greater in @entity0 with @entity2 , but has no relationship to age. These data speak for the conservation of splenic tissue when possible.

title: The risk of XXXX in the asplenic adult.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The development of new procedures and protocols that allow researchers to obtain recombinant proteins is of fundamental importance in the biotechnology field. A strategy was explored to overcome inclusion-body formation observed when expressing an aggregation-prone fungal xylanase in @entity0 . pHsh is an expression plasmid that uses a synthetic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) promoter, in which gene expression is regulated by an alternative sigma factor (  (32)). A derivative of pHsh was constructed by fusing a signal peptide to xynA2 gene to facilitate export of the recombinant protein to the periplasm. The xylanase was produced in a soluble form. Three factors were essential to achieving such soluble expression of the xylanase: 1) the target gene was under the control of the @entity1 promoter, 2) the gene product was exported into the periplasm, and 3) gene expression was induced by a temperature upshift. For the first time we report the expression of periplasmic proteins under the control of an @entity1 promoter regulated by   (32). One unique feature of this approach was that over 200 copies of the @entity1 promoter in an @entity0 cell significantly increased the concentration of   (32). The growth inhibition of the recombinant cells corresponded to an increase in the levels of soluble periplasmic protein. Therefore, an alternative protocol was designed to induce gene expression from pHsh-ex to obtain high levels of active soluble enzymes.

title: An approach to the production of soluble protein from a fungal gene encoding an aggregation-prone xylanase in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We sought to assess noninvasively the differences in hemorrheologic and geometric parameters between the left and @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Low @entity3 ( @entity3 ), high molecular viscosity (MV), and high @entity3 ( @entity3 ) induce @entity1 , while curvature and torsion have lately been implicated in the @entity1 process. METHODS: We studied 28 coronary arteries from 22 subjects undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography. We performed 3D reconstruction of the @entity2 ( @entity2 , n=14), left circumflex (LCx, n=5), and @entity0 (n=9) arteries. @entity3 , MV, and @entity3 were calculated for 2-mm segments using computational fluid dynamics. Curvature and torsion were calculated for each segment using morphometric algorithms. RESULTS: A total length of 187 cm of coronary arteries was studied. @entity3 was higher in the @entity2 compared to the LCx and @entity0 (13.76 Pa vs. 3.49 Pa vs. 3.76 Pa, p<0.001); MV was higher in the LCx compared to the @entity2 and @entity0 (0.00542 Pa  s vs. 0.00173 Pa  s vs. 0.00240 Pa  s, p<0.001); and @entity3 had higher values in the @entity0 compared to the @entity2 and LCx (289.98 mmHg vs. 255.93 mmHg vs. 235.18 mmHg, p<0.001). Curvature was greater in the LCx compared to the @entity2 and @entity0 (0.1447 mm-1 vs. 0.1229 mm-1 vs. 0.1234 mm-1, p<0.05), while torsion was found not to differ among the coronary arteries. CONCLUSIONS: Hemorrheologic and geometric parameters differ between the left and right coronary arteries. These factors, either alone or in association with local flow patterns and geometry, may affect the topography of @entity1 in the coronary arterial tree.

title: Differences in Stress Forces and Geometry between Left and Right Coronary Artery: A Pathophysiological Aspect of XXXX Heterogeneity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficiency. The complete mitochondrial genomes of 41 families with @entity5 were screened for mutations. Mitochondrial functional analysis was then performed in primary and cybrid cells containing candidate mutations identified during the screening. A novel mitochondrial @entity4 dehydrogenase 5 ( @entity8 ) @entity9 mutation was identified in a @entity0 with exercise intolerance and developmental delay. A biochemical analysis revealed @entity7 ( @entity4 : @entity6 oxidoreductase) and IV (cytochrome c oxidase) of this @entity0 . Defects in complexes I and IV were confirmed in transmitochondrial cybrid cells containing the @entity9 mutation, suggesting that this mutation impairs complex I assembly, resulting in reduced stability of complex IV. Further functional investigations revealed that mitochondria with the @entity9 mutation exhibited lower OXPHOS coupling respiration and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) generation. In addition, the cytotoxic effects, determined as reactive @entity1 species (ROS) and @entity3 levels in the present study, increased in the cells carrying a higher @entity9 mutant load. In conclusion, we identified @entity9 as a @entity5 -related mutation. Therefore, screening of @entity9 is advised for the diagnosis of @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: Exercise intolerance and developmental delay associated with a novel mitochondrial XXXX mutation.

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: Pediatric idiopathic @entity3 (PIIVDC) is an uncommon entity affecting the intervertebral disks and adjacent vertebral body and @entity6 . More than 300 cases have been reported so far, but knowledge of PIIVDC is still fragmentary. The purpose of the study was to summarize the demographic and clinical characteristics of PIIVDC, and consider its treatment and natural history. METHODS: This study is a review of 65 cases identified by literature search from 1990 to 2010. RESULTS: Male-to-female ratio was 40:25. Most @entity0 (83%) were aged 5-12 years. @entity4 was the most common manifestation (71.9%), followed by sensorimotor disturbance (20.3%) and @entity2 (13.8%). Torticollis or @entity5 were noted in 23.4% of @entity0 , and 15.4% were asymptomatic. The cervical spine was most frequently affected (64.6%), followed by the thoracic (26.2%), cervicothoracic (10.8%), lumbar (4.6%), and thoracolumbar (1.5%) spine. The C6/7 intervertebral disk was most frequently affected (35.7%), followed by C3/4 (21.4%), C2/3 (17.9%), C5/6 (14.3%), and C4/5 (10.7%). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was the most sensitive laboratory indicator. Conservative treatment was adopted for 89.2% of @entity0 and surgery for 10.8%. Neurological outcome was excellent except for one @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: PIIVDC appears to be a benign disorder associated with self-limiting @entity1 . The natural history of PIIVDC will only be established by further experience with long-term follow-up periods into adulthood.

title: Idiopathic XXXX in childhood: a case report and review of literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The alpha polypeptide chain of the complement protein C3 splits into two fragments of 74 000 and 46 000 apparent mol.wt. under certain conditions used to prepare the protein for @entity0 ( @entity0 )/ @entity3 -gel electrophoresis. The cleavage reaction occurs over a wide range of temperatures and from pH 4.6 to 10.6 in the presence of denaturants such as @entity1 , @entity0 and @entity2 . It is also induced by heat-denaturation of C3 in the absence of chemical denaturants. The reaction occurs only with haemolytically active C3, and is not observed with @entity6 -inactivated C3 or with @entity4 . A similar cleavage of the alpha-chain of complement component C4 occurs under the same conditions, forming fragments of 53 000 and 41 000 apparent mol.wt. This reaction is again specific for haemolytically active C4, and does not occur with @entity7 or @entity6 -inactivated C4. The complement component C5, although structurally similar to C3 and C4, does not undergo a reaction of this type. The characteristics of the denaturation-induced cleavage of C3 and C4 match those described for the 'heat-induced' cleavage of @entity5 [Harpel, Hayes _ Hugli (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 8669-8678]. Cleavage of @entity5 is also specific for the active form of the protein, and does not occur with chemically inactivated or proteinase-cleaved forms. The unusual conditions and specificity of the peptide-bond cleavage in all three proteins suggest that it is an autolytic process rather than being the result of trace proteinase contamination. The active forms of C3, C4 and @entity5 have the transient ability to form covalent bonds after activation. The autolytic cleavage reaction is likely to be related to the covalent-bond-forming reactions of these proteins.

title: Autolytic fragmentation of complement components C3 and C4 under denaturing conditions, a property shared with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 have been known to impact negatively on health and well-being of @entity0 . This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence, clinical types as well as the etiologic organisms of dermatophyte @entity2 among primary school @entity0 aged 5-16 years in Oke-Oyi community in Kwara state. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 4-months descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among 602 @entity0 aged 5-16 years in Oke-Oyi community, in Kwara state. RESULTS: The prevalence of clinically suspected dermatophytoses lesion was 29.9% (180/602). Dermatophyte accounted for 5.0% (30/602) on Sabouraud dextrose agar culture, while non-dermatophyte molds represent majority of isolate i.e., 15.4% (93/602). @entity3 is the commonest clinical type, followed by @entity4 and then @entity6 . @entity2 are noted in nine respondents. Three species of dermatophytes belonging to only two of the three genera of dermatophytes were responsible for @entity0 @entity2 in the area studied, of which Trichophyton mentagrophyte is the commonest, followed by Microsporum audouinii and Trichophyton verucossum. Among the non-dermatophytes, @entity1 and @entity5 predominate. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the prevalence of dermatophytoses in the school studied was significant. Control efforts should target this vulnerable group to reduce its prevalence.

title: Prevalence of XXXX among primary school @entity0 in Oke-Oyi community of Kwara state.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 have been known to impact negatively on health and well-being of @entity0 . This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence, clinical types as well as the etiologic organisms of dermatophyte @entity2 among primary school @entity0 aged 5-16 years in Oke-Oyi community in Kwara state. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 4-months descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among 602 @entity0 aged 5-16 years in Oke-Oyi community, in Kwara state. RESULTS: The prevalence of clinically suspected dermatophytoses lesion was 29.9% (180/602). Dermatophyte accounted for 5.0% (30/602) on Sabouraud dextrose agar culture, while non-dermatophyte molds represent majority of isolate i.e., 15.4% (93/602). @entity3 is the commonest clinical type, followed by @entity4 and then @entity6 . @entity2 are noted in nine respondents. Three species of dermatophytes belonging to only two of the three genera of dermatophytes were responsible for @entity0 @entity2 in the area studied, of which Trichophyton mentagrophyte is the commonest, followed by Microsporum audouinii and Trichophyton verucossum. Among the non-dermatophytes, @entity1 and @entity5 predominate. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the prevalence of dermatophytoses in the school studied was significant. Control efforts should target this vulnerable group to reduce its prevalence.

title: Prevalence of @entity4 among primary school XXXX in Oke-Oyi community of Kwara state.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure on regional ventilation distribution in normal lung and after @entity1 -induced bronchoconstriction. DESIGN: Experimental study. SETTING: International research laboratory. SUBJECTS: Six healthy @entity0 weighing 2.5    0.1 kg. INTERVENTIONS: @entity0 were anesthetized, tracheostomized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated. Synchrotron radiation computed tomography images of tissue density and specific ventilation were acquired using K-edge subtraction imaging with inhaled stable xenon gas in middle and caudal thoracic levels on 0 and 5 cm @entity2 positive end-expiratory pressure at baseline and twice after @entity1 inhalation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At baseline, a positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm @entity2 significantly increased lung volume. @entity1 inhalation caused patchy areas of decreased specific ventilation, including some areas with no ventilation. After @entity1 , positive end-expiratory pressure significantly increased the area of well-ventilated lung regions and decreased the heterogeneity of specific ventilation. This improvement went together with a significant but limited increase in the area of hyperinflated lung zones. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that in mechanically ventilated @entity0 with severely heterogeneous bronchoconstriction, a positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm @entity2 significantly improves regional ventilation homogeneity through dilation of flow-limited airways and recruitment of closed airways.

title: Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on regional ventilation distribution during bronchoconstriction in XXXX studied by synchrotron radiation imaging.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Stem cell therapy with bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMCs) is an option for improving joint function in @entity4 of the femoral head (ONFH). Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) numbers and their osteogenic differentiation are decreased in @entity0 with ONFH. However, whether this decrease also extends to the early stages of ONFH in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is still unclear. METHODS: We conducted a phase I/II, non-controlled study to determine efficacy and safety of BMMC implantation using a minimally invasive technique in @entity5 @entity0 with ONFH. Eighty-nine @entity0 were recruited and followed up for 60 months after surgery. Clinical and radiographic findings were assessed, and data were completed by in vitro analysis. RESULTS: At the final follow-up (60 months) there was a significant improvement in clinical joint symptoms and @entity2 relief as measured by the Harris Hip Score (P = 0.0005). In addition, after the BMMC implantation procedure, radiographic assessment showed disease stabilization and only 3.7 % of the treated @entity0 did not achieve a satisfactory clinical result. The amount of fibroblast colony-forming units was 28.2    13.9 per 1 million BMMCs after concentration. Flow cytometry analysis showed a significantly higher number of hematopoietic stem/endothelial progenitor cell markers in concentrated BMMCs when compared with bone marrow aspirate, indicating an enrichment of these cell types. Isolated MSCs from @entity5 @entity0 with pre-collapse ONFH maintained the replicative capacity without significant loss of their specific biomolecular characteristics, multi-differentiation potential, and osteogenic differentiation activities. Cytokines and growth factors ( @entity3 , transforming growth factor-beta, stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha and @entity1 ) that mediate endogenous bone regeneration were also produced by expanded MSCs from @entity5 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The autologous BMMC implantation with a minimally invasive technique resulted in significant @entity2 relief and halted the progression of early stages of ONFH in @entity5 @entity0 . MSCs from @entity5 @entity0 display biological properties that may add to the efficiency of surgical treatment in ONFH. In summary, our results indicate that infusion of BMMCs enriched with stem/progenitor cells is a safe and effective treatment for the early stages of ONFH in @entity5 @entity0 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02448121 ; registered 15 May 2015.

title: Efficacy of autologous stem cell-based therapy for @entity4 of the femoral head in XXXX : a five-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Stem cell therapy with bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMCs) is an option for improving joint function in @entity4 of the femoral head (ONFH). Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) numbers and their osteogenic differentiation are decreased in @entity0 with ONFH. However, whether this decrease also extends to the early stages of ONFH in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is still unclear. METHODS: We conducted a phase I/II, non-controlled study to determine efficacy and safety of BMMC implantation using a minimally invasive technique in @entity5 @entity0 with ONFH. Eighty-nine @entity0 were recruited and followed up for 60 months after surgery. Clinical and radiographic findings were assessed, and data were completed by in vitro analysis. RESULTS: At the final follow-up (60 months) there was a significant improvement in clinical joint symptoms and @entity2 relief as measured by the Harris Hip Score (P = 0.0005). In addition, after the BMMC implantation procedure, radiographic assessment showed disease stabilization and only 3.7 % of the treated @entity0 did not achieve a satisfactory clinical result. The amount of fibroblast colony-forming units was 28.2    13.9 per 1 million BMMCs after concentration. Flow cytometry analysis showed a significantly higher number of hematopoietic stem/endothelial progenitor cell markers in concentrated BMMCs when compared with bone marrow aspirate, indicating an enrichment of these cell types. Isolated MSCs from @entity5 @entity0 with pre-collapse ONFH maintained the replicative capacity without significant loss of their specific biomolecular characteristics, multi-differentiation potential, and osteogenic differentiation activities. Cytokines and growth factors ( @entity3 , transforming growth factor-beta, stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha and @entity1 ) that mediate endogenous bone regeneration were also produced by expanded MSCs from @entity5 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The autologous BMMC implantation with a minimally invasive technique resulted in significant @entity2 relief and halted the progression of early stages of ONFH in @entity5 @entity0 . MSCs from @entity5 @entity0 display biological properties that may add to the efficiency of surgical treatment in ONFH. In summary, our results indicate that infusion of BMMCs enriched with stem/progenitor cells is a safe and effective treatment for the early stages of ONFH in @entity5 @entity0 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02448121 ; registered 15 May 2015.

title: Efficacy of autologous stem cell-based therapy for XXXX of the femoral head in @entity5 : a five-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity1 H2 receptor ( @entity8 ) is a Gs protein-coupled receptor. Its activation leads to increases in the second messenger @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Presently, several systems are established to characterize the pharmacological profile of the H2R, mostly requiring radioactive material, animal models, or @entity0 blood cells. This prompted us to establish a flow cytometric analysis with a fluorescently labeled @entity4 peptide receptor (FPR) ligand in order to investigate the H2R functionally and pharmacologically. First, we stimulated U937 promonocytes, which mature in a @entity3 -dependent fashion upon H2R activation, with @entity1 (HA) or selective H2R agonists and measured increases in @entity3 concentrations by mass spectrometry. Next, indicative for the maturation of U937 promonocytes, we assessed the FPR expression upon incubation with HA or H2R agonists. FPR expression was measured either indirectly by @entity4 peptide-induced changes in intracellular @entity5 concentrations ([ @entity2 ]i) or directly with the @entity6 -labeled FPR ligand fNleLFNleYK-Fl. HA and H2R agonists concentration-dependently induced FPR expression, and potencies and efficacies of @entity7 -induced increases in [ @entity2 ]i and FPR density correlated linearly. Accordingly, flow cytometric analysis of FPR expression constitutes a simple, inexpensive, sensitive, and reliable method to characterize the H2R pharmacologically. Furthermore, we evaluated FPR expression at the mRNA level. Generally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed functional data. Additionally, our study supports the concept of functional selectivity of the H2R, since we observed dissociations in the efficacies of HA and H2R agonists in @entity3 accumulation and FPR expression.

title: Flow cytometric analysis with a fluorescently labeled @entity4 peptide receptor ligand as a new method to study the pharmacological profile of the XXXX H2 receptor.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The @entity1 H2 receptor ( @entity8 ) is a Gs protein-coupled receptor. Its activation leads to increases in the second messenger @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Presently, several systems are established to characterize the pharmacological profile of the H2R, mostly requiring radioactive material, animal models, or @entity0 blood cells. This prompted us to establish a flow cytometric analysis with a fluorescently labeled @entity4 peptide receptor (FPR) ligand in order to investigate the H2R functionally and pharmacologically. First, we stimulated U937 promonocytes, which mature in a @entity3 -dependent fashion upon H2R activation, with @entity1 (HA) or selective H2R agonists and measured increases in @entity3 concentrations by mass spectrometry. Next, indicative for the maturation of U937 promonocytes, we assessed the FPR expression upon incubation with HA or H2R agonists. FPR expression was measured either indirectly by @entity4 peptide-induced changes in intracellular @entity5 concentrations ([ @entity2 ]i) or directly with the @entity6 -labeled FPR ligand fNleLFNleYK-Fl. HA and H2R agonists concentration-dependently induced FPR expression, and potencies and efficacies of @entity7 -induced increases in [ @entity2 ]i and FPR density correlated linearly. Accordingly, flow cytometric analysis of FPR expression constitutes a simple, inexpensive, sensitive, and reliable method to characterize the H2R pharmacologically. Furthermore, we evaluated FPR expression at the mRNA level. Generally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed functional data. Additionally, our study supports the concept of functional selectivity of the H2R, since we observed dissociations in the efficacies of HA and H2R agonists in @entity3 accumulation and FPR expression.

title: Flow cytometric analysis with a fluorescently labeled XXXX peptide receptor ligand as a new method to study the pharmacological profile of the @entity1 H2 receptor.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Although @entity8 and pAKT are reportedly activated in various @entity1 , little information is available about their significance in @entity4 . @entity7 -embedded tissue from 82 @entity0 with diffuse infiltrating @entity4 (grades II to IV) was investigated for the association of @entity8 and pAKT activation with clinicopathological features, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity9 dehydrogenase 1 and microvascular parameters. Nuclear @entity8 @entity6 ( @entity6 ) increased with increasing cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear and cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0019, p   =   0.0260 and p   =   0.0012, respectively). Accordingly, cytoplasmic @entity8 increased with increasing levels of nuclear (p   =   0.0001) and marginally with cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0526). Nuclear and cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear pAKT @entity6 were positively correlated with @entity1 histological grade (p   =   0.0040, p   =   0.0238 for @entity8 and p   =   0.0004 for pAKT, respectively). @entity2 expression was correlated with nuclear @entity8 (p   =   0.0099) and nuclear pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0002). Interestingly, @entity8 cytoplasmic @entity6 increased with microvessel calibre (p   =   0.0287), whereas pAKT nuclear @entity6 was marginally related to microvessel density (p   =   0.0685). The presence of @entity5 - @entity10 was related only to histological grade and lower microvessel calibre. Multivariate survival analysis in the entire cohort selected cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.045), histological grade, microvessel calibre (p   =   0.028), @entity0 ' age, gender and surgical excision as independent predictors of survival. Moreover, in @entity3 , @entity8 nuclear @entity6 emerged as a favourable prognosticator in the presence of @entity5 - @entity10 . @entity8 and pAKT in @entity4 are interrelated and associated with @entity1 grade and angiogenesis. Moreover, the importance of cytoplasmic pAKT immunoexpression in @entity0 ' prognosis and nuclear @entity8 immunoexpression in @entity3 is confirmed.

title: Expression of @entity8 and pAKT in @entity0 @entity4 : correlation with @entity5 - @entity10 presence, XXXX , microvascular characteristics and clinical outcome.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Although @entity8 and pAKT are reportedly activated in various @entity1 , little information is available about their significance in @entity4 . @entity7 -embedded tissue from 82 @entity0 with diffuse infiltrating @entity4 (grades II to IV) was investigated for the association of @entity8 and pAKT activation with clinicopathological features, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity9 dehydrogenase 1 and microvascular parameters. Nuclear @entity8 @entity6 ( @entity6 ) increased with increasing cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear and cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0019, p   =   0.0260 and p   =   0.0012, respectively). Accordingly, cytoplasmic @entity8 increased with increasing levels of nuclear (p   =   0.0001) and marginally with cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0526). Nuclear and cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear pAKT @entity6 were positively correlated with @entity1 histological grade (p   =   0.0040, p   =   0.0238 for @entity8 and p   =   0.0004 for pAKT, respectively). @entity2 expression was correlated with nuclear @entity8 (p   =   0.0099) and nuclear pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0002). Interestingly, @entity8 cytoplasmic @entity6 increased with microvessel calibre (p   =   0.0287), whereas pAKT nuclear @entity6 was marginally related to microvessel density (p   =   0.0685). The presence of @entity5 - @entity10 was related only to histological grade and lower microvessel calibre. Multivariate survival analysis in the entire cohort selected cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.045), histological grade, microvessel calibre (p   =   0.028), @entity0 ' age, gender and surgical excision as independent predictors of survival. Moreover, in @entity3 , @entity8 nuclear @entity6 emerged as a favourable prognosticator in the presence of @entity5 - @entity10 . @entity8 and pAKT in @entity4 are interrelated and associated with @entity1 grade and angiogenesis. Moreover, the importance of cytoplasmic pAKT immunoexpression in @entity0 ' prognosis and nuclear @entity8 immunoexpression in @entity3 is confirmed.

title: Expression of @entity8 and pAKT in @entity0 @entity4 : correlation with XXXX - @entity10 presence, @entity2 , microvascular characteristics and clinical outcome.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Although @entity8 and pAKT are reportedly activated in various @entity1 , little information is available about their significance in @entity4 . @entity7 -embedded tissue from 82 @entity0 with diffuse infiltrating @entity4 (grades II to IV) was investigated for the association of @entity8 and pAKT activation with clinicopathological features, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity9 dehydrogenase 1 and microvascular parameters. Nuclear @entity8 @entity6 ( @entity6 ) increased with increasing cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear and cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0019, p   =   0.0260 and p   =   0.0012, respectively). Accordingly, cytoplasmic @entity8 increased with increasing levels of nuclear (p   =   0.0001) and marginally with cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0526). Nuclear and cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear pAKT @entity6 were positively correlated with @entity1 histological grade (p   =   0.0040, p   =   0.0238 for @entity8 and p   =   0.0004 for pAKT, respectively). @entity2 expression was correlated with nuclear @entity8 (p   =   0.0099) and nuclear pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0002). Interestingly, @entity8 cytoplasmic @entity6 increased with microvessel calibre (p   =   0.0287), whereas pAKT nuclear @entity6 was marginally related to microvessel density (p   =   0.0685). The presence of @entity5 - @entity10 was related only to histological grade and lower microvessel calibre. Multivariate survival analysis in the entire cohort selected cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.045), histological grade, microvessel calibre (p   =   0.028), @entity0 ' age, gender and surgical excision as independent predictors of survival. Moreover, in @entity3 , @entity8 nuclear @entity6 emerged as a favourable prognosticator in the presence of @entity5 - @entity10 . @entity8 and pAKT in @entity4 are interrelated and associated with @entity1 grade and angiogenesis. Moreover, the importance of cytoplasmic pAKT immunoexpression in @entity0 ' prognosis and nuclear @entity8 immunoexpression in @entity3 is confirmed.

title: Expression of XXXX and pAKT in @entity0 @entity4 : correlation with @entity5 - @entity10 presence, @entity2 , microvascular characteristics and clinical outcome.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Although @entity8 and pAKT are reportedly activated in various @entity1 , little information is available about their significance in @entity4 . @entity7 -embedded tissue from 82 @entity0 with diffuse infiltrating @entity4 (grades II to IV) was investigated for the association of @entity8 and pAKT activation with clinicopathological features, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity9 dehydrogenase 1 and microvascular parameters. Nuclear @entity8 @entity6 ( @entity6 ) increased with increasing cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear and cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0019, p   =   0.0260 and p   =   0.0012, respectively). Accordingly, cytoplasmic @entity8 increased with increasing levels of nuclear (p   =   0.0001) and marginally with cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0526). Nuclear and cytoplasmic @entity8 @entity6 and nuclear pAKT @entity6 were positively correlated with @entity1 histological grade (p   =   0.0040, p   =   0.0238 for @entity8 and p   =   0.0004 for pAKT, respectively). @entity2 expression was correlated with nuclear @entity8 (p   =   0.0099) and nuclear pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.0002). Interestingly, @entity8 cytoplasmic @entity6 increased with microvessel calibre (p   =   0.0287), whereas pAKT nuclear @entity6 was marginally related to microvessel density (p   =   0.0685). The presence of @entity5 - @entity10 was related only to histological grade and lower microvessel calibre. Multivariate survival analysis in the entire cohort selected cytoplasmic pAKT @entity6 (p   =   0.045), histological grade, microvessel calibre (p   =   0.028), @entity0 ' age, gender and surgical excision as independent predictors of survival. Moreover, in @entity3 , @entity8 nuclear @entity6 emerged as a favourable prognosticator in the presence of @entity5 - @entity10 . @entity8 and pAKT in @entity4 are interrelated and associated with @entity1 grade and angiogenesis. Moreover, the importance of cytoplasmic pAKT immunoexpression in @entity0 ' prognosis and nuclear @entity8 immunoexpression in @entity3 is confirmed.

title: Expression of @entity8 and pAKT in @entity0 XXXX : correlation with @entity5 - @entity10 presence, @entity2 , microvascular characteristics and clinical outcome.

answer: @entity4