abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antitumour effect of an angio-inhibitory drug, a synthetic analogue of @entity8 ( @entity7 ), on @entity2 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of @entity7 on the growth of @entity5 cells in vitro was measured by angiogenesis assay and cell counting with dye exclusion. In the angiogenesis assay, @entity5 cells were injected intradermally and the number of blood vessels orientated towards the @entity1 was counted 3 days after @entity1 inoculation. To examine the effect of @entity7 on the subcutaneous @entity1 growth and lung @entity0 of @entity5 , @entity5 cells were injected subcutaneously or intravenously in BALB/c @entity2 and they were treated with a subcutaneous injection every 3 days. RESULTS: Dose-dependent growth inhibition in vitro was observed with 50% inhibition occurring at 600 ng/ml. Angiogenesis assay revealed that administration of @entity7 inhibited the angiogenesis induced by @entity5 in a dose-dependent manner. In the subcutaneous experiment, @entity7 decreased the growth rate of established subcutaneous @entity1 rather than reduced the size of the @entity1 . The administration of @entity7 in @entity2 with lung @entity0 inhibited the development of @entity0 of @entity5 without @entity4 or @entity3 . CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that @entity7 had an inhibitory effect on @entity1 -induced angiogenesis and a significant anti- @entity1 effect on @entity5 . This suggests that @entity7 could be useful in the treatment of @entity6 . Further studies are needed to clarify whether @entity7 is more effective when combined with other drugs such as interferons.

title: Antitumour effect of a synthetic analogue of @entity8 on XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: Previous cohort studies of @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) demonstrate reduced long-term survival. Improved surgical outcomes in @entity0 and evolution of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) services have resulted in improved survival in @entity0 with other CHDs. We hypothesise that for young adult @entity0 with @entity6 long-term outcomes have improved in the contemporary era. METHODS: 151 @entity0 (58% @entity0 ) with simple @entity6 followed up at a tertiary @entity3 service in Sydney, Australia, from 1993 to 2013 were included. We documented mortality and major morbidity such as the need for re-intervention for re- @entity6 or @entity4 . RESULTS: 140 @entity0 (mean age 35  15   years) underwent @entity6 repair at median age of 5 (IQR 0-10) years. Initial surgical strategy included end-to-end repair in 43, subclavian flap aortoplasty in 28 and patch aortoplasty in 31 @entity0 (and was not documented in 28 cases). 6 @entity0 had endovascular repair, 4 had interposition tube grafts and 11 were unrepaired. There were a total of seven @entity2 at a median age of 60   years. Actuarial survival was 98% at 40, 98% at 50 and 89% at 60   years of age. @entity6 occurred in 34% and descending @entity5 were noted in 18%. @entity0 with end-to-end repair had lower rates of significant re- @entity6 or descending @entity5 (p=0.026 and <0.001, respectively). 66% had bicuspid aortic valve and 44% were @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity6 who reach adolescence demonstrate very good long-term survival up to age 60   years. Long-term morbidity is common, however, related largely to aortic complications and late @entity1 .

title: Late outcomes in adults with XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: One hundred and twenty-four localized @entity2 @entity0 operated on at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) since 1975 were identified. The sample was optimized for evaluation of @entity2 progression. Based upon accurate clinical histories, these radical prostatectomy @entity0 included 50 progressors and 74 non-progressors using appearance of serum PSA as an indication of recurrence (mean follow-up = 8.6 +/- 1.8 years, range 7-15 years). All @entity0 included in the study had no involvement of their seminal vesicles or lymph nodes at the time of prostatectomy. Average time to progression was 3.6 +/- 2 years, range of 1-8 years. Using @entity3 -embedded specimens, several five micron sections were cut and placed on Probe-On slides; one slide was H_E-stained and the other was Feulgen-stained. The H_E and Feulgen-stained slides were screened and "dotted" by pathologists at JHH and CytoDynostics, Inc. A CAS-200 Image analysis system (Cell Image Systems, Elmhurst, IL) equipped with a Cell Measurement Program version 1.2 beta, was used to capture the Feulgen-stained images and to perform the calculations. From the "dotted" areas, 150 @entity1 cells were selected for measurement of DNA content and 27 nuclear morphometric shape and size factors, including 21 Markovian chromatin texture variables. Additional sections were used for immunochemistry staining with an alkaline phosphatase streptavidin- @entity6 complex stain to detect and quantitate @entity1 cells binding monoclonal antibodies directed against @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 antigen. All data were entered into a statistical program (STATA) for further analysis and univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression and its stepwise variant. The biomarkers of greatest utility to detect progressors when analyzed univariately included post-operative Gleason score (p = < 0.0001), @entity5 antigenicity (p = 0.0147), CAS-200 DNA ploidy (p = 0.008), and twelve Markovian nuclear texture and shape features (p = < 0.0001), whereas @entity4 (p = 0.160) failed. The optimal set of nuclear morphometry progression tumor features were selected using backward stepwise logistic regression estimate analysis which drops variables due to collinearity. Although post-operative Gleason score is a strong univariate predictor of progression, DNA ploidy and @entity5 /neu contributed significantly to further stratification of higher risk groups within the low Gleason score subpopulation. The best Markovian features combined with post-operative Gleason score generated sensitivity = 90%, specificity = 96%, positive predictive value = 94%, negative predictive value = 93% and the area under the receiver operator curve was 0.975.

title: Quantitative nuclear morphometry, Markovian texture descriptors, and DNA content captured on a CAS-200 Image analysis system, combined with @entity4 and XXXX /neu immunohistochemistry for prediction of @entity2 progression.

answer: @entity5


abstract: One hundred and twenty-four localized @entity2 @entity0 operated on at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) since 1975 were identified. The sample was optimized for evaluation of @entity2 progression. Based upon accurate clinical histories, these radical prostatectomy @entity0 included 50 progressors and 74 non-progressors using appearance of serum PSA as an indication of recurrence (mean follow-up = 8.6 +/- 1.8 years, range 7-15 years). All @entity0 included in the study had no involvement of their seminal vesicles or lymph nodes at the time of prostatectomy. Average time to progression was 3.6 +/- 2 years, range of 1-8 years. Using @entity3 -embedded specimens, several five micron sections were cut and placed on Probe-On slides; one slide was H_E-stained and the other was Feulgen-stained. The H_E and Feulgen-stained slides were screened and "dotted" by pathologists at JHH and CytoDynostics, Inc. A CAS-200 Image analysis system (Cell Image Systems, Elmhurst, IL) equipped with a Cell Measurement Program version 1.2 beta, was used to capture the Feulgen-stained images and to perform the calculations. From the "dotted" areas, 150 @entity1 cells were selected for measurement of DNA content and 27 nuclear morphometric shape and size factors, including 21 Markovian chromatin texture variables. Additional sections were used for immunochemistry staining with an alkaline phosphatase streptavidin- @entity6 complex stain to detect and quantitate @entity1 cells binding monoclonal antibodies directed against @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 antigen. All data were entered into a statistical program (STATA) for further analysis and univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression and its stepwise variant. The biomarkers of greatest utility to detect progressors when analyzed univariately included post-operative Gleason score (p = < 0.0001), @entity5 antigenicity (p = 0.0147), CAS-200 DNA ploidy (p = 0.008), and twelve Markovian nuclear texture and shape features (p = < 0.0001), whereas @entity4 (p = 0.160) failed. The optimal set of nuclear morphometry progression tumor features were selected using backward stepwise logistic regression estimate analysis which drops variables due to collinearity. Although post-operative Gleason score is a strong univariate predictor of progression, DNA ploidy and @entity5 /neu contributed significantly to further stratification of higher risk groups within the low Gleason score subpopulation. The best Markovian features combined with post-operative Gleason score generated sensitivity = 90%, specificity = 96%, positive predictive value = 94%, negative predictive value = 93% and the area under the receiver operator curve was 0.975.

title: Quantitative nuclear morphometry, Markovian texture descriptors, and DNA content captured on a CAS-200 Image analysis system, combined with @entity4 and @entity5 /neu immunohistochemistry for prediction of XXXX progression.

answer: @entity2


abstract: One hundred and twenty-four localized @entity2 @entity0 operated on at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) since 1975 were identified. The sample was optimized for evaluation of @entity2 progression. Based upon accurate clinical histories, these radical prostatectomy @entity0 included 50 progressors and 74 non-progressors using appearance of serum PSA as an indication of recurrence (mean follow-up = 8.6 +/- 1.8 years, range 7-15 years). All @entity0 included in the study had no involvement of their seminal vesicles or lymph nodes at the time of prostatectomy. Average time to progression was 3.6 +/- 2 years, range of 1-8 years. Using @entity3 -embedded specimens, several five micron sections were cut and placed on Probe-On slides; one slide was H_E-stained and the other was Feulgen-stained. The H_E and Feulgen-stained slides were screened and "dotted" by pathologists at JHH and CytoDynostics, Inc. A CAS-200 Image analysis system (Cell Image Systems, Elmhurst, IL) equipped with a Cell Measurement Program version 1.2 beta, was used to capture the Feulgen-stained images and to perform the calculations. From the "dotted" areas, 150 @entity1 cells were selected for measurement of DNA content and 27 nuclear morphometric shape and size factors, including 21 Markovian chromatin texture variables. Additional sections were used for immunochemistry staining with an alkaline phosphatase streptavidin- @entity6 complex stain to detect and quantitate @entity1 cells binding monoclonal antibodies directed against @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 antigen. All data were entered into a statistical program (STATA) for further analysis and univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression and its stepwise variant. The biomarkers of greatest utility to detect progressors when analyzed univariately included post-operative Gleason score (p = < 0.0001), @entity5 antigenicity (p = 0.0147), CAS-200 DNA ploidy (p = 0.008), and twelve Markovian nuclear texture and shape features (p = < 0.0001), whereas @entity4 (p = 0.160) failed. The optimal set of nuclear morphometry progression tumor features were selected using backward stepwise logistic regression estimate analysis which drops variables due to collinearity. Although post-operative Gleason score is a strong univariate predictor of progression, DNA ploidy and @entity5 /neu contributed significantly to further stratification of higher risk groups within the low Gleason score subpopulation. The best Markovian features combined with post-operative Gleason score generated sensitivity = 90%, specificity = 96%, positive predictive value = 94%, negative predictive value = 93% and the area under the receiver operator curve was 0.975.

title: Quantitative nuclear morphometry, Markovian texture descriptors, and DNA content captured on a CAS-200 Image analysis system, combined with XXXX and @entity5 /neu immunohistochemistry for prediction of @entity2 progression.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The chemokine receptor @entity4 interacts with the chemokines @entity1 and @entity2 . During development, this ligand receptor system (C-X-C) provokes cell-type-specific responses in terms of migration, adhesion or ligand sequestration. It is active in @entity3 and rodents but no data are available for its presence or function in primate testes. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed in monkeys to detect @entity1 , @entity2 and @entity4 . At the protein level, @entity2 and @entity4 were localized in the testes of the marmoset (Callitrix jacchus)  whereas @entity4 patterns were determined for various stages in @entity0 testes. Morphometry and flow cytometry were applied to quantify @entity4 -positive cells in monkeys. Transcript levels and protein expression of @entity4 were detectable throughout testicular development. In both species, @entity4 protein expression was restricted to premeiotic germ cells. In immature marmoset testes, 69.9  %        9  % of the total germ cell population were labelled for @entity4 , whereas in the adult, 4.7  %        2.7  % were positive for @entity4 . @entity2 mRNA was detectable in all developmental stages in marmosets. The @entity2 protein was exclusively localized to Sertoli cells. This pattern of @entity2 / @entity4 indicates their involvement in regulatory processes that possibly orchestrate the interaction between undifferentiated germ cells and Sertoli cells.

title: Developmental expression patterns of chemokines CXCL11, CXCL12 and their receptor CXCR7 in testes of common marmoset and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Strongyloides stercoralis, a soil transmitted helminth @entity2 , affects millions with varying prevalence worldwide. A large number of affected hosts are asymptomatic. Symptoms pertaining to pulmonary and gastrointestinal involvement may be present. Manifestations of involvement beyond lung and intestine can be seen with dissemination of @entity2 and lethal hyperinfection. Immunosuppression secondary to use of @entity1 or other immunosuppressants and coexistence of @entity4 are the known risk factors for dissemination and hyperinfection. Diagnostic modalities comprise stool examination, serology and molecular testing. Stool tests are inexpensive but are limited by low sensitivity, whereas serologic and molecular tests are more precise but at the expense of higher cost. Treatment with @entity5 or @entity6 as an alternative is safe and efficacious. We present a rare case of acute @entity3 secondary to Strongyloides. High index of suspicion in @entity0 specifically from endemic countries of origin and lack of other common etiologies of acute @entity3 may help in early diagnosis and prompt treatment of this potentially fatal @entity2 .

title: Strongyloidiasis: A case with acute XXXX and a literature review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the predictive value of the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) ratio (LNR, number of metastatic LNs/ examined LNs) for recurrence in @entity0 with @entity1 and to compare its applicability according to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT). METHODS: From 2000 to 2009, 967 @entity0 with metastatic LNs after curative resection for locally advanced @entity1 were identified. @entity0 were categorized according to PCRT (PCRT vs No PCRT). The cut-off LNR was determined based on the @entity5 vs @entity2 when the recommended number of LNs was harvested. The 5-year @entity3 ( @entity3 ) rates using the Kaplan-Meier method were compared according to p/yp N stage and the LNR in each group. RESULTS: Among @entity0 with the same p/ypN stage, the 5-year @entity3 rate differed according to the LNR. In addition, the 5-year @entity3 rate was significantly different between pN and LNR groups in @entity0 with No PCRT. In PCRT group, however, only LNR was associated with prognosis. On multivariate analysis, both pN and LNR were significant independent prognostic factors for 5-year @entity3 in the No PCRT group. In the PCRT group, only LNR category was found to be associated with @entity3 (HR = 2.36, 95%CI: 1.31-3.84, and P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The LNR is an important prognostic predictor of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 especially treated with PCRT. Current pN categories could not discriminate between prognostic groups of @entity3 after PCRT.

title: Ratio of metastatic lymph nodes is more important for XXXX @entity0 treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the predictive value of the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) ratio (LNR, number of metastatic LNs/ examined LNs) for recurrence in @entity0 with @entity1 and to compare its applicability according to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT). METHODS: From 2000 to 2009, 967 @entity0 with metastatic LNs after curative resection for locally advanced @entity1 were identified. @entity0 were categorized according to PCRT (PCRT vs No PCRT). The cut-off LNR was determined based on the @entity5 vs @entity2 when the recommended number of LNs was harvested. The 5-year @entity3 ( @entity3 ) rates using the Kaplan-Meier method were compared according to p/yp N stage and the LNR in each group. RESULTS: Among @entity0 with the same p/ypN stage, the 5-year @entity3 rate differed according to the LNR. In addition, the 5-year @entity3 rate was significantly different between pN and LNR groups in @entity0 with No PCRT. In PCRT group, however, only LNR was associated with prognosis. On multivariate analysis, both pN and LNR were significant independent prognostic factors for 5-year @entity3 in the No PCRT group. In the PCRT group, only LNR category was found to be associated with @entity3 (HR = 2.36, 95%CI: 1.31-3.84, and P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The LNR is an important prognostic predictor of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 especially treated with PCRT. Current pN categories could not discriminate between prognostic groups of @entity3 after PCRT.

title: Ratio of metastatic lymph nodes is more important for @entity1 XXXX treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Severe combined immunodeficient @entity1 transplanted with @entity0 organs ( @entity5 -hu @entity1 ), provide a unique in vivo model for studying @entity0 intrathymic T cell selection and development of tolerance. In vivo administration of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) to @entity5 -hu @entity1 causes intrathymic clonal deletion of SEB-specific V beta+ T cells that occurs already at the immature CD4+8+ double positive stage. The expression of activation markers such as @entity8 , @entity10 , and HLA-DR was specifically increased on V beta+ T cells responding to SEB. The remaining SEB-specific @entity0 T cells that had not been deleted in vivo failed to proliferate when rechallenged with SEB in vitro. These SEB-specific T cells that were rendered anergic in vivo had a unique cytokine production profile. They failed to produce @entity6 , which correlated with the lack of proliferation of these cells. In addition, they failed to produce @entity2 . However, the anergized T cells synthesized considerable amounts of @entity3 , granulocyte-macrophage CSF and @entity4 after SEB stimulation. This clonal anergy can be completely reversed in vitro by stimulating the SEB-specific cells in the presence of exogenous @entity6 or by triggering of the @entity7 / @entity9 activation pathway. Under these stimulation conditions, anergic T cells produced levels of @entity6 and @entity2 that were comparable to their non-anergized counterparts, whereas the levels of granulocyte-macrophage CSF, @entity4 and @entity3 production were even higher. Collectively, these data demonstrate that in vivo administration of SEB to @entity5 -hu @entity1 leads to activation, deletion, and anergy of SEB-specific @entity0 thymocytes and that the production of @entity6 and @entity2 is selectively switched off in these anergic T cells.

title: Unique cytokine production profile of anergic @entity0 T cells in @entity5 -hu XXXX after staphylococcal enterotoxin B administration.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Severe combined immunodeficient @entity1 transplanted with @entity0 organs ( @entity5 -hu @entity1 ), provide a unique in vivo model for studying @entity0 intrathymic T cell selection and development of tolerance. In vivo administration of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) to @entity5 -hu @entity1 causes intrathymic clonal deletion of SEB-specific V beta+ T cells that occurs already at the immature CD4+8+ double positive stage. The expression of activation markers such as @entity8 , @entity10 , and HLA-DR was specifically increased on V beta+ T cells responding to SEB. The remaining SEB-specific @entity0 T cells that had not been deleted in vivo failed to proliferate when rechallenged with SEB in vitro. These SEB-specific T cells that were rendered anergic in vivo had a unique cytokine production profile. They failed to produce @entity6 , which correlated with the lack of proliferation of these cells. In addition, they failed to produce @entity2 . However, the anergized T cells synthesized considerable amounts of @entity3 , granulocyte-macrophage CSF and @entity4 after SEB stimulation. This clonal anergy can be completely reversed in vitro by stimulating the SEB-specific cells in the presence of exogenous @entity6 or by triggering of the @entity7 / @entity9 activation pathway. Under these stimulation conditions, anergic T cells produced levels of @entity6 and @entity2 that were comparable to their non-anergized counterparts, whereas the levels of granulocyte-macrophage CSF, @entity4 and @entity3 production were even higher. Collectively, these data demonstrate that in vivo administration of SEB to @entity5 -hu @entity1 leads to activation, deletion, and anergy of SEB-specific @entity0 thymocytes and that the production of @entity6 and @entity2 is selectively switched off in these anergic T cells.

title: Unique cytokine production profile of anergic @entity0 T cells in XXXX -hu @entity1 after staphylococcal enterotoxin B administration.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Severe combined immunodeficient @entity1 transplanted with @entity0 organs ( @entity5 -hu @entity1 ), provide a unique in vivo model for studying @entity0 intrathymic T cell selection and development of tolerance. In vivo administration of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) to @entity5 -hu @entity1 causes intrathymic clonal deletion of SEB-specific V beta+ T cells that occurs already at the immature CD4+8+ double positive stage. The expression of activation markers such as @entity8 , @entity10 , and HLA-DR was specifically increased on V beta+ T cells responding to SEB. The remaining SEB-specific @entity0 T cells that had not been deleted in vivo failed to proliferate when rechallenged with SEB in vitro. These SEB-specific T cells that were rendered anergic in vivo had a unique cytokine production profile. They failed to produce @entity6 , which correlated with the lack of proliferation of these cells. In addition, they failed to produce @entity2 . However, the anergized T cells synthesized considerable amounts of @entity3 , granulocyte-macrophage CSF and @entity4 after SEB stimulation. This clonal anergy can be completely reversed in vitro by stimulating the SEB-specific cells in the presence of exogenous @entity6 or by triggering of the @entity7 / @entity9 activation pathway. Under these stimulation conditions, anergic T cells produced levels of @entity6 and @entity2 that were comparable to their non-anergized counterparts, whereas the levels of granulocyte-macrophage CSF, @entity4 and @entity3 production were even higher. Collectively, these data demonstrate that in vivo administration of SEB to @entity5 -hu @entity1 leads to activation, deletion, and anergy of SEB-specific @entity0 thymocytes and that the production of @entity6 and @entity2 is selectively switched off in these anergic T cells.

title: Unique cytokine production profile of anergic XXXX T cells in @entity5 -hu @entity1 after staphylococcal enterotoxin B administration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Certain limitations of the neurosphere assay (NSA) have resulted in a search for alternative culture techniques for brain @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Recently, reports have described growing @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity1 as a monolayer using laminin. We performed a side-by-side analysis of the NSA and laminin (adherent) culture conditions to compare the growth and expansion of @entity1 . @entity3 cells were grown using the NSA and adherent culture conditions. Comparisons were made using growth in culture, apoptosis assays, protein expression, limiting dilution clonal frequency assay, genetic affymetrix analysis, and tumorigenicity in vivo. In vitro expansion curves for the NSA and adherent culture conditions were virtually identical (P=0.24) and the clonogenic frequencies (5.2% for NSA vs. 5.0% for laminin, P=0.9) were similar as well. Likewise, markers of differentiation (glial fibrillary acidic protein and beta tubulin III) and proliferation (Ki67 and @entity6 ) revealed no statistical difference between the sphere and attachment methods. Several different methods were used to determine the numbers of dead or dying cells (trypan blue, DiIC, @entity4 , and @entity5 ) with none of the assays noting a meaningful variance between the two methods. In addition, genetic expression analysis with microarrays revealed no significant differences between the two groups. Finally, @entity2 cells derived from both methods of expansion formed large invasive @entity1 exhibiting @entity3 features when implanted in immune-compromised animals. A detailed functional, protein and genetic characterization of @entity0 @entity3 cells cultured in serum-free defined conditions demonstrated no statistically meaningful differences when grown using sphere (NSA) or adherent conditions. Hence, both methods are functionally equivalent and remain suitable options for expanding primary high-grade @entity2 in tissue culture.

title: Neurosphere and adherent culture conditions are equivalent for XXXX stem cell lines.

answer: @entity2


abstract: There has been a recent resurgence of interest in the role of transurethral resection of the prostate for @entity4 in view of the introduction of new modalities. We have conducted a retrospective analysis of 175 cases operated from October 1988 to June 1989 with an aim to ascertain the present mortality and morbidity rates associated with this procedure. The main presenting symptoms were acute retention of urine (54%) and @entity5 (33%). The average weight of the prostate resected was 24.2 gm and 3% of specimens revealed malignant changes on histology. Seventy-five percent of the @entity0 have post-operative stay of 5 days or less. @entity2 was the commonest complication (16%). Clot retention requiring re-scope occurred in 2% of our @entity0 . Twelve percent (12%) of our @entity0 developed acute retention post-operatively but only 2% required re-scope as the rest resolved conservatively. We had one mortality in our series as a result of post-operative @entity1 . After 6 months follow-up, 4% complained of mild @entity3 and another 4% noted @entity6 . Six percent developed @entity8 which required surgical treatment. Three years after the procedure, we retrieved the case notes of our cohort to analyse long-term results. We note that ninety-eight percent of our @entity0 were discharged after nine months follow-up. This includes the 4% who complained of mild @entity7 at 6 months follow-up. The remaining 2% was discharged after 24 months because of recurrent @entity8 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Transurethral resection of the prostate for XXXX --a local review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) accounts for approximately 80-85% of all cases of @entity2 , and it is the most common cause of @entity4 in @entity1 and second only to @entity0 in @entity1 . Combination chemotherapy, usually @entity5 -based, is currently the first-line therapy of choice, however, the prognosis for @entity1 with advanced @entity6 remains poor with a median survival time of 8-11 months and a 1-year survival rate of 30%. Maintenance therapy is a treatment strategy that has been investigated extensively in @entity6 and has been the subject of considerable recent debate. The outstanding results of the JMEN study proved that maintenance of pemetrexed significantly improved the overall survival ( @entity3 ) in advanced @entity6 @entity1 was a proof of principle. Subsequently, the results of the SATURN study also showed a significant prolongation of progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity3 with maintenance @entity7 compared with placebo. Despite considerable controversy, it has become an acceptable treatment paradigm and both drugs are approved for maintenance therapy of advanced @entity6 @entity1 in Europe and the USA. In addition, several large phase III clinical trials (e.g., INFORM trial) provided evidence that maintenance therapy with @entity8 also significantly improved PFS in @entity6 @entity1 , with greatest PFS benefit in @entity1 harboring EGF-R mutations. However, @entity3 was unchanged. The question still remains whether the benefit of maintenance therapy for @entity6 is best defined by PFS. Truely, PFS is the best predictor for improved @entity3 (and is independent @entity3 ), but @entity3 is acknowledged as the key clinical outcome in the treatment of advanced @entity6 . The approval of pemetrexed and @entity7 by the FDA and the EMEA and the promising data with @entity8 have certainly shifted the pendulum towards maintenance therapy, however, the precise role for the treatment strategy of @entity6 in terms of a maintenance approach is far from being clear and additional studies are warranted to further clarify this option.

title: @entity8 in non-small-cell XXXX -an old lesson new re-visited.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) accounts for approximately 80-85% of all cases of @entity2 , and it is the most common cause of @entity4 in @entity1 and second only to @entity0 in @entity1 . Combination chemotherapy, usually @entity5 -based, is currently the first-line therapy of choice, however, the prognosis for @entity1 with advanced @entity6 remains poor with a median survival time of 8-11 months and a 1-year survival rate of 30%. Maintenance therapy is a treatment strategy that has been investigated extensively in @entity6 and has been the subject of considerable recent debate. The outstanding results of the JMEN study proved that maintenance of pemetrexed significantly improved the overall survival ( @entity3 ) in advanced @entity6 @entity1 was a proof of principle. Subsequently, the results of the SATURN study also showed a significant prolongation of progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity3 with maintenance @entity7 compared with placebo. Despite considerable controversy, it has become an acceptable treatment paradigm and both drugs are approved for maintenance therapy of advanced @entity6 @entity1 in Europe and the USA. In addition, several large phase III clinical trials (e.g., INFORM trial) provided evidence that maintenance therapy with @entity8 also significantly improved PFS in @entity6 @entity1 , with greatest PFS benefit in @entity1 harboring EGF-R mutations. However, @entity3 was unchanged. The question still remains whether the benefit of maintenance therapy for @entity6 is best defined by PFS. Truely, PFS is the best predictor for improved @entity3 (and is independent @entity3 ), but @entity3 is acknowledged as the key clinical outcome in the treatment of advanced @entity6 . The approval of pemetrexed and @entity7 by the FDA and the EMEA and the promising data with @entity8 have certainly shifted the pendulum towards maintenance therapy, however, the precise role for the treatment strategy of @entity6 in terms of a maintenance approach is far from being clear and additional studies are warranted to further clarify this option.

title: XXXX in non-small-cell @entity2 -an old lesson new re-visited.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The use of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) for autografting following high-dose chemotherapy in a variety of @entity0 has increased markedly with the advent of efficacious and safe myeloid growth factors, which have dramatically improved collection yields. There is still controversy as to whether PBPC should be harvested after a combination of chemotherapy and growth factors, or after growth factors alone. The use of powerful combinations of newer growth factors, such as @entity3 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with stem cell factor, may obviate the need for chemotherapy. The problem of providing sufficient numbers of PBPC for successful transplantation and sustained engraftment has led to the development of a variety of in vitro expansion systems for stem cells, using cocktails of growth factors. Single blood collections may contain sufficient @entity2 + cells to be expanded on a large scale for clinical transplantation, eliminating costly and labour intensive apheresis procedures. PBPC transplants may carry less risk for contamination with malignant cells; however, sensitive detection techniques have revealed that @entity0 cell contamination of PBPC harvests may be much more prevalent than was previously suspected and both positive and negative selection of @entity2 + cells for clinical transplantation is being investigated. PBPC transplantation generally results in more rapid engraftment, with faster recovery of neutrophils and platelets, compared with autologous bone marrow transplants. In most studies, PBPC transplants also resulted in fewer septic episodes, fewer intensive care admissions, fewer transfusions of red blood cells and platelets, reduced antibacterial and parenteral nutrition use, and reduced hospital costs. Dose optimisation and intensification of chemotherapy, relying on repeated administration of growth factor-mobilised PBPC, offers interesting prospects in the treatment of a variety of @entity0 . However, well-controlled, randomised prospective trials will be needed to prove the real value of PBPC transplants with regard to survival and cure. In the clinical setting, PBPC transplantations are likely to replace autologous marrow transplants in the near future. Manipulation of PBPC in vitro, i.e. expansion or gene transfer, may prove to be the most exciting perspective in the treatment of both malignant and non-malignant haematological conditions.

title: The changing face of stem cell transplantation by the use of recombinant human XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: y   T cells are attractive effector cells for @entity1 immunotherapy as they can secrete cytokines abundantly and exert potent @entity4 against a wide range of @entity1 cells. They comprise 1-5% of peripheral blood T cells, the majority expressing the Vy9V  2 T cell receptor that recognizes phosphoantigens. Direct in vivo activation of Vy9V  2 T cells in @entity1 @entity0 as well as adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded Vy9V  2 T cells has been investigated in several clinical trials. We previously established a large-scale in vitro expansion method for Vy9V  2 T cells using @entity7 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). We found that Vy9V  2 T cells from @entity0 with @entity1 as well as from healthy donors underwent extensive proliferation under these conditions. Such cultured Vy9V  2 T cells retained cytokine secretion capacity and mediated @entity4 against a variety of @entity1 cell lines. Recently, we conducted a phase I clinical study to evaluate safety and potential anti- @entity1 effects of re-infusing ex vivo expanded y   T cells in @entity0 with advanced or recurrent @entity5 ( @entity5 ) refractory to or intolerant of current conventional treatments. There were no severe adverse events related to the therapy. All @entity0 remained alive during the study period with a median survival of 589 days and median progression-free survival of 126 days. Six @entity0 had @entity2 ( @entity2 ), whereas the remaining six evaluable @entity0 experienced @entity3 ( @entity3 ) four weeks after the sixth transfer. We conclude that adoptive transfer of @entity7 -expanded y   T cells is safe and feasible in @entity0 with @entity5 , refractory to other treatments.

title: y   T cell therapy for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A number of reports indicated that @entity5 or @entity7 overexpression represented a negative prognostic factor in several @entity0 @entity2 . In @entity3 tissues a deregulated expression of Aurora kinases has been also demonstrated, butno information regarding its possible prognostic role in differentiated @entity3 is available. Here, weevaluated @entity5 and @entity7 mRNA expression and its prognostic relevance in a series of 87 @entity6 ( @entity6 ), with a median follow-up of 63 months. The analysis of @entity5 and @entity7 mRNA levels in @entity6 tissues, compared to normal matched tissues, revealed that their expression was either up- or down-regulatedin the majority of @entity2 tissues. In particular, @entity5 and @entity7 mRNA levels were altered, respectively, in 55 (63.2%) and 79 (90.8%) out of the 87 @entity6 analyzed.A significant positive correlation between @entity5 and @entity7 mRNAswas observed (p=0.001). The expression of both Aurora genes was not affected by the BRAFV600E mutation. Univariate, multivariate and Kaplan-Mayer analyses documented the lack of association between @entity5 or @entity7 expression and clinicopathological parameterssuch as gender, age, @entity2 size, histology, TNM stage, lymph node @entity1 and @entity4 status as well asdisease recurrences or disease-free interval. Only @entity7 mRNA was significantly higher in T(3-4) tissues, with respect to T(1-2) @entity6 tissues. The data reported here demonstrate that the expression of Aurora kinases is deregulated in the majority of @entity6 tissues, likely contributing to @entity6 progression. However, differently from other @entity0 solid cancers, detection of @entity5 or @entity7 mRNAs is not a prognostic biomarker inPTC @entity0 .

title: Deregulated Expression of Aurora Kinases Is Not a Prognostic Biomarker in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A number of reports indicated that @entity5 or @entity7 overexpression represented a negative prognostic factor in several @entity0 @entity2 . In @entity3 tissues a deregulated expression of Aurora kinases has been also demonstrated, butno information regarding its possible prognostic role in differentiated @entity3 is available. Here, weevaluated @entity5 and @entity7 mRNA expression and its prognostic relevance in a series of 87 @entity6 ( @entity6 ), with a median follow-up of 63 months. The analysis of @entity5 and @entity7 mRNA levels in @entity6 tissues, compared to normal matched tissues, revealed that their expression was either up- or down-regulatedin the majority of @entity2 tissues. In particular, @entity5 and @entity7 mRNA levels were altered, respectively, in 55 (63.2%) and 79 (90.8%) out of the 87 @entity6 analyzed.A significant positive correlation between @entity5 and @entity7 mRNAswas observed (p=0.001). The expression of both Aurora genes was not affected by the BRAFV600E mutation. Univariate, multivariate and Kaplan-Mayer analyses documented the lack of association between @entity5 or @entity7 expression and clinicopathological parameterssuch as gender, age, @entity2 size, histology, TNM stage, lymph node @entity1 and @entity4 status as well asdisease recurrences or disease-free interval. Only @entity7 mRNA was significantly higher in T(3-4) tissues, with respect to T(1-2) @entity6 tissues. The data reported here demonstrate that the expression of Aurora kinases is deregulated in the majority of @entity6 tissues, likely contributing to @entity6 progression. However, differently from other @entity0 solid cancers, detection of @entity5 or @entity7 mRNAs is not a prognostic biomarker inPTC @entity0 .

title: Deregulated Expression of Aurora Kinases Is Not a Prognostic Biomarker in @entity6 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Dendritic cells (DC) act as potent primary antigen-presenting cells in many immune responses and therefore may have a role in the initiation and perpetuation of the @entity1 in chronic @entity2 . To examine their function, it is important to isolate fresh DC from @entity4 without aberrant activation. We have developed a technique using minimal cell manipulation to isolate DC from the synovial fluid of chronic arthritic @entity0 . Using this method, DC were shown to be potent allostimulatory cells, with 63-90% of cells lacking lineage-specific markers (lin-), but positive for MHC class II molecules. Two morphologically distinct populations of these cells were identified in 10 out of 13 DC preparations. Both populations expressed @entity5 , @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity10 , @entity11 and @entity7 ( @entity7 ), but the predominant population, which was larger and more typical of cultured blood DC, had a higher density of these antigens compared with the minor population, which were smaller and morphologically similar to lymphocytes. Two new MoAbs which label activated @entity0 blood DC, @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and CMRF-44, were tested. @entity9 labelled very weakly or not at all, whereas CMRF-44 was positive on the larger cells only. Likewise, the costimulator molecule, @entity8 ( @entity8 ), was not detected on the surface of either synovial lin- cell population, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed little or no @entity8 mRNA, and no binding of the @entity6 Ig fusion protein was found. These results suggest that synovial DC are not, despite the inflammatory environment, in a fully activated state.

title: Dendritic cells in synovial fluid of chronic XXXX lack @entity8 surface expression.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Dendritic cells (DC) act as potent primary antigen-presenting cells in many immune responses and therefore may have a role in the initiation and perpetuation of the @entity1 in chronic @entity2 . To examine their function, it is important to isolate fresh DC from @entity4 without aberrant activation. We have developed a technique using minimal cell manipulation to isolate DC from the synovial fluid of chronic arthritic @entity0 . Using this method, DC were shown to be potent allostimulatory cells, with 63-90% of cells lacking lineage-specific markers (lin-), but positive for MHC class II molecules. Two morphologically distinct populations of these cells were identified in 10 out of 13 DC preparations. Both populations expressed @entity5 , @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity10 , @entity11 and @entity7 ( @entity7 ), but the predominant population, which was larger and more typical of cultured blood DC, had a higher density of these antigens compared with the minor population, which were smaller and morphologically similar to lymphocytes. Two new MoAbs which label activated @entity0 blood DC, @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and CMRF-44, were tested. @entity9 labelled very weakly or not at all, whereas CMRF-44 was positive on the larger cells only. Likewise, the costimulator molecule, @entity8 ( @entity8 ), was not detected on the surface of either synovial lin- cell population, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed little or no @entity8 mRNA, and no binding of the @entity6 Ig fusion protein was found. These results suggest that synovial DC are not, despite the inflammatory environment, in a fully activated state.

title: Dendritic cells in synovial fluid of chronic @entity2 lack XXXX surface expression.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is the most common soft tissue @entity2 in @entity0  <= 15 years of age. There is, however, a paucity of reports on the pattern of its occurrence in Nigeria and other parts of Africa. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to highlight the age and sex distribution, anatomical location and morphological characteristics of @entity3 among @entity0 in Kano, northwestern Nigeria. @entity0 AND METHOD: This is a 14 year retrospective study of all cases of @entity3 occurring in @entity0 diagnosed at the Pathology Department of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Clinical data obtained included sex, age, @entity1 site and histologic subtype. RESULTS: Fifty two @entity0 were seen with a male to female ratio of 1 : 1.3. The ages of these @entity0 ranged from 4 months to 15 years with a mean (SD) age of 6.99 (4.1) years and peak age frequency in the 0 to 5 years age group. The embryonal variant was the most common histological subtype (69%). The others were alveolar (27%) and pleomorphic (4%) variants. The head and neck was the most affected region (44%) and the most common primary site was the orbit (19.2%). CONCLUSION: @entity3 is the most common @entity2 in Kano. It occurs in females more frequently than males and the most common histologic subtype is @entity4 affecting predominantly the orbit.

title: XXXX in Kano, Nigeria: a retrospective analysis of 52 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 metastasizes widely. One in every ten @entity3 that leaves its primary site, metastasizes to the brain. This 27 years old @entity0 presented with symptoms of space occupying lesion that was confirmed by CT-SCAN. There was no history of @entity4 and @entity5 was concealed by unmarried @entity0 . Chest X-ray was normal. @entity1 was excised after craniotomy. Histology of @entity1 was that of secondary @entity3 . @entity0 responded excellently to chemotherapy and was well one year after. We strongly recommend a high index of suspicion of @entity3 in management of @entity2 . b-HCG assay should be included in investigation of all @entity0 with @entity1 irrespective of sex.

title: Secondary brain XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 -diaphorase-positive neurons have been demonstrated in the inner nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer of the retina of different @entity0 species, but so far no experiments have been conducted to identify whether these cells are amacrine cells and/or @entity2 cells. We attempted to solve this problem by studying the @entity1 -diaphorase-positive neurons in the hamster retina. From the @entity1 -diaphorase histochemical reaction, two distinct types of neurons in the hamster retina were identified. They were named @entity4 (g) and @entity4 (i) cells. The @entity4 (g) cells were cells with larger somata, ranging from 10 to 21 microns in diameter with a mean of 15.58 microns (S.D. = 2.59). They were found in the ganglion cell layer only. The @entity4 (i) cells were smaller, with the somata ranging from 7 to 11 microns and having the mean diameter of 8.77 microns (S.D. = 1.24). Most of the @entity4 (i) cells were found in the inner nuclear layer, and only very few could be observed in the inner plexiform layer. On average, there were 8,033 @entity4 (g) and 5,051 @entity4 (i) cells in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer, respectively. Two experiments were performed to clarify whether any of the @entity1 -diaphorase neurons were @entity2 cells. Following unilateral optic nerve section, which leads to the @entity3 of @entity2 cells, the numbers of both @entity4 (g) and @entity4 (i) cells did not change significantly for up to 4 months. In addition, when @entity2 cells were prelabeled retrogradely (horseradish peroxidase or fluorescent microspheres) and retinas were then stained for @entity1 diaphorase, no double-labeled neurons were detected. These results indicated that the @entity1 -diaphorase neurons in the hamster retina were the amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer and displaced amacrine cells in the ganglion cell layer. Dendrites of the @entity4 (g) and @entity4 (i) cells were found to stratify in sublaminae 1, 3, and 5 of the inner plexiform layer, with a prominent staining in the sublamina 5. The possible importance of this arrangement in the rod pathway is also discussed.

title: XXXX -diaphorase neurons in the retina of the hamster.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) originating from the maxillary sinus, are considered as benign inflammatory lesions. In fact, these @entity2 are the @entity3 of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus, which for unknown reasons grow through the maxillary sinus ostium towards the other portions of the nasal cavity and the choana, such a way that they may grow all the way to the nasopharynx and even oropharynx. @entity7 is usually unilateral however, the bilateral forms have been observed in some instances. Its most frequent clinical manifestations are nasal obstruction and @entity8 , whereas in many cases some other presentations such as @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity4 , and @entity1 have been also noticed. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative prevalence of clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics in 87 @entity0 with @entity2 during a period of 15 years in this hospital. METHODS: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, accomplished retrospectively, and based on existing data in the records of the @entity0 admitted in Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ahvaz. In this study, the @entity0 above 16 years old have been considered as adults. Each @entity0 's data were collected using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by the statistical SPSS software (descriptive statistics and Chi-square test). RESULTS: 87 @entity0 were registered with the diagnosis of @entity7 during 1999 and 2014. Out of these @entity0 60% were females and 40% were males. Predominant clinical manifestation was nasal obstruction with an incidence of 39%; and the least frequent manifestation was @entity1 with an incidence of 0%. Moreover, the left nasal cavity was more involved with the incidence of 55%. Among the existing surgical techniques. Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS), Caldwell- Luc procedure, and combined approach were the most common applied techniques,with frequencies of 64%, 24% and 12%, respectively. Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.03    0.2, Odd ratio = 0.26, and p = 0.21. CONCLUSION: Nasal obstruction was the predominant clinical symptom of @entity7 . The left nasal cavity was more involved than the right-side. FESS was the commonest employed surgical procedure; and the inflammatory pattern has been the most pathological presentation.

title: The prevalence of clinical presentations and pathological characteristics of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fibrotic strictures of the colon in association with colon-wall thickening on abdominal ultrasound have been described in @entity0 with @entity3 . We determined the prevalence of colon-wall thickening in 99 @entity0 with @entity3 (aged 6 months to 17 years, 45 male) and 38 healthy controls (aged 1 month to 39 years, 21 male). In controls, peristalsis was uniformly rapid and maximum wall thickness of the fully relaxed colon was 0.8 mm (median 0.6 mm). 24% of the @entity0 had a @entity2 .5 mm or more (maximum 3.4 mm); 48% of @entity0 on high-strength pancreatin receiving more than 265 units/kg per day of protease had thickening of more than 1.5 mm compared with less than 12% of @entity0 on any other dose. @entity0 on high-strength pancreatin were 5.2 (95% CI 1.2-21) times more likely to have @entity2 .5 mm or more than @entity0 taking less than 265 units/kg per day of protease in a standard-strength preparation. This risk rose to 10 (2.5-39) times more likely if laxatives were taken with a high-strength preparation. Lipase or amylase intake, age, sex, genotype, and other medical or drug history were not significantly associated with colon-wall thickening. 1 @entity0 required a hemicolectomy for @entity4 and another developed @entity1 . In 17 @entity0 , 2 months after stopping high-strength, high protease, preparations and efforts to reduce enzyme intake, colon-wall thickness had regressed from a median 2.0 mm (range 1.0-3.4) to 1.8 mm (0.9-2.7) (p = 0.005). The use of high-strength pancreatin preparations in conjunction with a high protease intake probably causes thickening of the wall of the colon.

title: Relation of thickening of colon wall to pancreatic-enzyme treatment in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The contribution of the immune system to the pathogenesis of @entity5 is still uncertain. We have analyzed leukocyte infiltration in photochemically induced focal @entity1 of the @entity0 parietal cortex by immunocytochemistry. Between 1 and 2 days after photothrombosis, @entity6 + T cells adhered to subpial and cortical vessels and infiltrated the @entity5 prior to macrophages. By day 3 numerous T cells and some macrophages, whose number increased further between day 3 and day 7, had infiltrated the border zone around the lesion sparing the center. In addition, @entity6 -/CD8+ lymphocytes that probably represent natural killer cells were found. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was expressed on endothelial cells on days 1 and 2 and in the border zone on infiltrating leukocytes from day 3 to day 7. Starting on day 7, macrophages infiltrated the core of the lesion to remove debris. When the entire lesion was covered by macrophages at day 14, the number of T cells had decreased and @entity4 immunoreactivity was no longer found in or around the @entity3 . In conclusion, our study shows that @entity5 can lead to a local immune reaction in the CNS. Thus, blocking of lymphocyte-derived cytokines or cell adhesion molecules may provide a new approach to confining the sequelae of @entity2 .

title: Lymphocytic infiltration and expression of XXXX in photochemically induced @entity1 of the @entity0 cortex.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The contribution of the immune system to the pathogenesis of @entity5 is still uncertain. We have analyzed leukocyte infiltration in photochemically induced focal @entity1 of the @entity0 parietal cortex by immunocytochemistry. Between 1 and 2 days after photothrombosis, @entity6 + T cells adhered to subpial and cortical vessels and infiltrated the @entity5 prior to macrophages. By day 3 numerous T cells and some macrophages, whose number increased further between day 3 and day 7, had infiltrated the border zone around the lesion sparing the center. In addition, @entity6 -/CD8+ lymphocytes that probably represent natural killer cells were found. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was expressed on endothelial cells on days 1 and 2 and in the border zone on infiltrating leukocytes from day 3 to day 7. Starting on day 7, macrophages infiltrated the core of the lesion to remove debris. When the entire lesion was covered by macrophages at day 14, the number of T cells had decreased and @entity4 immunoreactivity was no longer found in or around the @entity3 . In conclusion, our study shows that @entity5 can lead to a local immune reaction in the CNS. Thus, blocking of lymphocyte-derived cytokines or cell adhesion molecules may provide a new approach to confining the sequelae of @entity2 .

title: Lymphocytic infiltration and expression of @entity4 in photochemically induced XXXX of the @entity0 cortex.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The contribution of the immune system to the pathogenesis of @entity5 is still uncertain. We have analyzed leukocyte infiltration in photochemically induced focal @entity1 of the @entity0 parietal cortex by immunocytochemistry. Between 1 and 2 days after photothrombosis, @entity6 + T cells adhered to subpial and cortical vessels and infiltrated the @entity5 prior to macrophages. By day 3 numerous T cells and some macrophages, whose number increased further between day 3 and day 7, had infiltrated the border zone around the lesion sparing the center. In addition, @entity6 -/CD8+ lymphocytes that probably represent natural killer cells were found. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was expressed on endothelial cells on days 1 and 2 and in the border zone on infiltrating leukocytes from day 3 to day 7. Starting on day 7, macrophages infiltrated the core of the lesion to remove debris. When the entire lesion was covered by macrophages at day 14, the number of T cells had decreased and @entity4 immunoreactivity was no longer found in or around the @entity3 . In conclusion, our study shows that @entity5 can lead to a local immune reaction in the CNS. Thus, blocking of lymphocyte-derived cytokines or cell adhesion molecules may provide a new approach to confining the sequelae of @entity2 .

title: Lymphocytic infiltration and expression of @entity4 in photochemically induced @entity1 of the XXXX cortex.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of carbetocin and oxytocin for prevention of postpartum @entity2 (PPH) after caesarean section. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed data from 279 @entity0 who received 100  g of carbetocin intravenously or 10 IU of oxytocin into the uterine muscle as a rudimentary treatment for prevention of PPH. RESULTS: @entity1 was statistically significantly higher (p=0.0136) in the entire study group as compared to the oxytocin group, and in cases when additional uterotonics were administered (p=0.0090). Also, we observed a statistically significantly correlation between the need for additional treatment and @entity0 BMI. @entity0 with pre-pregnancy BMI of >= 25 more often required additional medicaments after administration of carbetocin as compared to oxytocin (p=0.0077). We noted a statistically significantly higher rate of using additional treatment (p<0.05) after administering oxytocin into the uterine muscle as compared to intravenously given carbetocin (75% vs. 33%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: 1. Carbetocin is more effective than oxytocin in the prevention of PPH and significantly reduces the necessity to administer therapeutic uterotonics during caesarean delivery. 2. Higher rates of additional treatment with uterotonics after the administration of carbetocin as compared to oxytocin in a group of @entity0 after2 or more cesarean sections and @entity0 with BMI of >= 25 require further studies in a target-selected larger sample size. 3. Based on our findings, it is not possible to conclude that 100  g of intravenous carbetocin is more effective than 10 IU of oxytocin given to the uterine muscle during caesarean delivery to prevent PPH.

title: [Comparison of carbetocin and oxytocin effectiveness for prevention of postpartum XXXX after caesarean delivery].

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Recently, a new image integration module (IIM, CartoUnivu    Module) has been introduced to combine and merge fluoroscopy images with 3-dimensional-(3D)-electroanatomical maps (Carto   3 System) into an accurate 3D view. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of IIM on the fluoroscopy exposure during @entity1 ( @entity1 ) for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in a prospective randomized trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between June and November 2014, a total of 60 @entity0 with @entity3 (73.3% male, 64.0    9.2 years), who underwent @entity1 with the endpoint of unexcitability of the ablation line, were randomized to either a conventional 3D mapping system (Carto   3 System) or to an additional IIM on the basis of an assumed reduction of fluoroscopy exposure by the use of IIM. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. The median ablation procedure time was identical in both groups (140.7    27.8 minutes vs. 140.8    39.5 minutes; P = 0.851). A significant decrease of mean fluoroscopy time from 11.9    2.1 to 7.4    2.6 minutes (P < 0.0006) and median fluoroscopy dose from 882.9 to 476.5 cGycm(2) (P < 0.001) was achieved. The main reduction of radiation could be realized during creation of the 3D-map. No major complications occurred during the procedures. After a median follow-up of 125.7    45.6 days 80% of the @entity0 were free from any @entity2 . CONCLUSION: CartoUnivu    module easily integrates into the workflow of @entity1 with the endpoint of unexcitability of the ablation line without prolonging the procedure time. It is associated with a marked reduction in fluoroscopic dose when compared to a conventional 3D mapping system.

title: Reduction of Radiation Exposure in XXXX Ablation Using a New Image Integration Module: A Prospective Randomized Trial in @entity0 Undergoing Pulmonary Vein Isolation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Recently, a new image integration module (IIM, CartoUnivu    Module) has been introduced to combine and merge fluoroscopy images with 3-dimensional-(3D)-electroanatomical maps (Carto   3 System) into an accurate 3D view. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of IIM on the fluoroscopy exposure during @entity1 ( @entity1 ) for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in a prospective randomized trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between June and November 2014, a total of 60 @entity0 with @entity3 (73.3% male, 64.0    9.2 years), who underwent @entity1 with the endpoint of unexcitability of the ablation line, were randomized to either a conventional 3D mapping system (Carto   3 System) or to an additional IIM on the basis of an assumed reduction of fluoroscopy exposure by the use of IIM. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. The median ablation procedure time was identical in both groups (140.7    27.8 minutes vs. 140.8    39.5 minutes; P = 0.851). A significant decrease of mean fluoroscopy time from 11.9    2.1 to 7.4    2.6 minutes (P < 0.0006) and median fluoroscopy dose from 882.9 to 476.5 cGycm(2) (P < 0.001) was achieved. The main reduction of radiation could be realized during creation of the 3D-map. No major complications occurred during the procedures. After a median follow-up of 125.7    45.6 days 80% of the @entity0 were free from any @entity2 . CONCLUSION: CartoUnivu    module easily integrates into the workflow of @entity1 with the endpoint of unexcitability of the ablation line without prolonging the procedure time. It is associated with a marked reduction in fluoroscopic dose when compared to a conventional 3D mapping system.

title: Reduction of Radiation Exposure in @entity3 Ablation Using a New Image Integration Module: A Prospective Randomized Trial in XXXX Undergoing Pulmonary Vein Isolation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In 1993, medical therapy for BPH is a reality. @entity2 deprivation therapy (LHRH agonists, antiandrogens, and @entity3 inhibitors) has been shown to be effective by reducing the static component of BPH. Of these agents, the @entity3 inhibitors have the greatest promise because of their low @entity1 profile. Aromatase inhibitors, which function via a different mechanism, however, have not been demonstrated, as monotherapy, to be effective in the treatment of symptomatic BPH. It is still theoretically possible that aromatase inhibitors could have a role in the management of prostatism if they are utilized in conjunction with an antiandrogen or @entity3 inhibitor. Although the early results for this endocrine therapies are encouraging, several issues relating to medical treatment remain unanswered. Not everyone with significant prostatism will respond to @entity2 deprivation therapy. How does the physician identify pre-treatment the @entity0 most likely to achieve a significant improvement in voiding function with @entity3 inhibitor therapy? At the present time, there is no method--based on symptoms, DRE findings, serum hormone and PSA levels, or histopathologic criteria--for recognizing the ideal @entity0 for @entity2 deprivation therapy. Without question, it is a subjective decision. As a result, the benefits and risks of these medical approaches as well as those of the minimally invasive and surgical therapies must be discussed with the @entity0 so that he can participate in the management decision. In this manner, the expectations and needs of the @entity0 will be best served.

title: Endocrine therapies for BPH: scientific rationale, clinical results, and XXXX selection.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Local radiotherapy plays an important and responsible role in the management of bone metastases. The valence will be described according to the different treatment objectives in the sense of @entity3 relief, remineralization and cord decompression. Radiotherapy schedules, aimed at the @entity3 , need to take into consideration life expectancy. @entity0 with a reduced life expectancy could have a good high chance of achieving @entity3 relief with a single dose of 8 Gy. @entity0 with a solitary metastasis, @entity0 with a longer life expectancy and @entity0 with a pathological @entity4 should be treated with 'curative' irradiation doses, aimed at killing the maximum number of @entity1 cells. In addition to @entity3 relief, remineralization is also an important treatment goal. Conventional radiotherapy with doses of 40-50 Gy resulted in @entity3 relief in 70-100% and in remineralization in 60-80% of the @entity0 . Remineralization could not be accelerated by short-course fractionation courses, but resulted in @entity3 relief. Short-course fractionation schedules are not indicated as a 'standard' treatment in the vertebral column. Surgery is the treatment of choice for immediate cord decompression and stabilization of a pathological @entity4 . Radiotherapy alone could decrease @entity2 and is suitable for @entity0 with gradual onset and progression of symptoms, no spinal instability and lesions of the cauda equina.

title: [Value of local radiotherapy in treatment of osseous metastases, pathological XXXX and spinal cord compression].

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The quality of tissue preservation in Thiel embalmed bodies varies. Research on the administered embalming volume and its vascular distribution may elucidate one of the mechanisms of tissue preservation and allow for new applications of Thiel embalming. Vascular embalming with (group 1, n = 15) or without (group 2, n = 20) contrast agent was initiated in @entity2 kidneys. The distribution of Thiel embalming solution in group 1 was visualized using computed tomography. The kidneys in both groups were then immersed in concentrated salt solutions to reduce their weight and volume. Afterwards, to mimic a lifelike circulation in the vessels, group 2 underwent pump-driven reperfusion for 120 minutes with either paraffinum perliquidum or diluted @entity1 . The circulation was imaged with computed tomography. All of the kidneys were adequately preserved. The embalming solution spread diffusely in the kidney, but fluid accumulation was present. Subsequent immersion in concentrated salt solutions reduced weight (P < 0.01) and volume (P < 0.01). Reperfusion for 120 minutes was established in group 2. Paraffinum perliquidum filled both major vessels and renal tissue, whereas diluted @entity1 spread widely in the kidney. There were no increases in weight (P = 0.26) and volume (P = 0.79); and pressure further decreased (P = 0.032) after more than 60 minutes of reperfusion with paraffinum perliquidum, whereas there were increases in weight (P = 0.005), volume (P = 0.032) and pressure (P < 0.0001) after reperfusion with diluted @entity1 . @entity0 in successful preservation due to complete parenchymatous spreading. More research is needed to determine whether other factors affect embalming quality. Dehydration is an effective method to regain the organs' initial status. Prolonged vascular reperfusion with paraffinum perliquidum can be established in this model without increases in weight, volume and pressure.

title: Understanding Thiel Embalming in XXXX Kidneys to Develop a New Circulation Model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We assessed an in-vitro model of @entity4 using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) by the addition of increasing concentrations of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) on whole blood obtained from @entity0 undergoing cardiac surgery. We assessed the relevance of this model by repeating the tests in the same population after @entity1 ( @entity2 ) infusion. In addition, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of ROTEM parameters to detect the different degrees of fibrinolysis. Blood samples obtained from 20 @entity0 were analyzed at two predefined timepoints: after induction of anesthesia, before @entity2 (baseline), and at the end of surgery during @entity2 infusion (end surgery). At baseline, an extrinsic activation with tissue factor (EXTEM) test was performed without and with increasing concentration of @entity3 (102, 255, 512, 1024, 1535, and 2539unitst-PA/ml). At the end of surgery, a second EXTEM test was performed without and with two different @entity3 concentrations (1535 and 2539unitst-PA/ml). At baseline, increasing @entity3 concentrations in the EXTEM test induced a gradual increase of @entity4 characterized by a reduction in clot firmness and stability parameters. In the presence of @entity2 , @entity3 -induced @entity4 was completely abolished. Lysis-onset time (LOT) and degree of fibrinolysis measured at 30min (LI30) best assessed the degree of fibrinolysis. This in-vitro model of @entity3 -induced @entity4 using the EXTEM test of ROTEM may represent a promising tool to assess @entity4 in the pediatric population. In addition, we observed that LOT and LI30 should be considered as the best parameters to detect different degrees of fibrinolysis.

title: Experimental model of XXXX designed for rotational thromboelastometry in @entity0 with congenital heart disease.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We assessed an in-vitro model of @entity4 using rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) by the addition of increasing concentrations of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) on whole blood obtained from @entity0 undergoing cardiac surgery. We assessed the relevance of this model by repeating the tests in the same population after @entity1 ( @entity2 ) infusion. In addition, we determined the sensitivity and specificity of ROTEM parameters to detect the different degrees of fibrinolysis. Blood samples obtained from 20 @entity0 were analyzed at two predefined timepoints: after induction of anesthesia, before @entity2 (baseline), and at the end of surgery during @entity2 infusion (end surgery). At baseline, an extrinsic activation with tissue factor (EXTEM) test was performed without and with increasing concentration of @entity3 (102, 255, 512, 1024, 1535, and 2539unitst-PA/ml). At the end of surgery, a second EXTEM test was performed without and with two different @entity3 concentrations (1535 and 2539unitst-PA/ml). At baseline, increasing @entity3 concentrations in the EXTEM test induced a gradual increase of @entity4 characterized by a reduction in clot firmness and stability parameters. In the presence of @entity2 , @entity3 -induced @entity4 was completely abolished. Lysis-onset time (LOT) and degree of fibrinolysis measured at 30min (LI30) best assessed the degree of fibrinolysis. This in-vitro model of @entity3 -induced @entity4 using the EXTEM test of ROTEM may represent a promising tool to assess @entity4 in the pediatric population. In addition, we observed that LOT and LI30 should be considered as the best parameters to detect different degrees of fibrinolysis.

title: Experimental model of @entity4 designed for rotational thromboelastometry in XXXX with congenital heart disease.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Neutrophils have key roles in @entity2 @entity8 , @entity6 , and @entity7 . As such, neutrophils are of great interest as targets to treat and prevent @entity4 . After @entity3 , neutrophils respond rapidly promoting blood-brain barrier disruption, @entity9 , and @entity8 . A surge of neutrophil-derived reactive @entity1 species, proteases, and cytokines are released as neutrophils interact with cerebral endothelium. Neutrophils also are linked to the major processes that cause @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity7 . @entity6 is promoted through interactions with platelets, clotting factors, and release of prothrombotic molecules. In @entity7 , neutrophils promote plaque formation and @entity5 by generating oxidized-low density lipoprotein, enhancing monocyte infiltration, and degrading the fibrous cap. In experimental studies targeting neutrophils can improve @entity3 . However, early @entity0 studies have been met with challenges, and suggest that selective targeting of neutrophils may be required. Several properties of neutrophil are beneficial and thus may important to preserve in @entity0 with @entity3 including antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, and neuroprotective functions.

title: Targeting neutrophils in XXXX : translational insights from experimental studies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified that frequent polymorphisms in @entity4 and @entity3 , two genes involved in lymphoid differentiation, increase the risk of childhood @entity2 ( @entity2 ). These findings markedly modified the current field of research on the etiology of @entity2 . In this new context, the present exploratory study investigated the possible interactions between these at-risk alleles and the non-genetic suspected @entity2 risk factors that were of sufficient prevalence in the French ESCALE study: maternal use of home insecticides during pregnancy, preconception paternal smoking, and some proxies for early immune modulation, i.e. breastfeeding, history of common @entity1 before age one year, and birth order. The analyses were based on 434 @entity2 cases and 442 controls of European origin, drawn from the nationwide population-based case-control study ESCALE. Information on non-genetic factors was obtained by standardized telephone interview. Interactions between @entity6 in @entity4 or @entity5 in @entity3 and each of the suspected non-genetic factors were tested, with the SNPs coded as counts of minor alleles (trend variable). Statistical interactions were observed between @entity5 and maternal insecticide use (p = 0.012), breastfeeding p = 0.017) and repeated early common @entity1 (p = 0.0070), with allelic odds ratios (OR) which were only increased among the @entity0 not exposed to insecticides (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.3, 2.4), those who had been breastfed (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.3, 2.5) and those who had had repeated early common @entity1 (OR = 2.4, 95%CI: 1.5, 3.8). The allelic ORs were close to one among @entity0 exposed to insecticides, who had not been breastfed and who had had no or few common @entity1 . Repeated early common @entity1 interacted with @entity6 (p = 0.018) in the case-only design. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether these observations of a modification of the effect of the at-risk alleles by non-genetic factors are chance findings or reflect true underlying mechanisms.

title: XXXX , @entity3 and Non-Genetic Factors in the Etiology of @entity2 : The ESCALE Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified that frequent polymorphisms in @entity4 and @entity3 , two genes involved in lymphoid differentiation, increase the risk of childhood @entity2 ( @entity2 ). These findings markedly modified the current field of research on the etiology of @entity2 . In this new context, the present exploratory study investigated the possible interactions between these at-risk alleles and the non-genetic suspected @entity2 risk factors that were of sufficient prevalence in the French ESCALE study: maternal use of home insecticides during pregnancy, preconception paternal smoking, and some proxies for early immune modulation, i.e. breastfeeding, history of common @entity1 before age one year, and birth order. The analyses were based on 434 @entity2 cases and 442 controls of European origin, drawn from the nationwide population-based case-control study ESCALE. Information on non-genetic factors was obtained by standardized telephone interview. Interactions between @entity6 in @entity4 or @entity5 in @entity3 and each of the suspected non-genetic factors were tested, with the SNPs coded as counts of minor alleles (trend variable). Statistical interactions were observed between @entity5 and maternal insecticide use (p = 0.012), breastfeeding p = 0.017) and repeated early common @entity1 (p = 0.0070), with allelic odds ratios (OR) which were only increased among the @entity0 not exposed to insecticides (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.3, 2.4), those who had been breastfed (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.3, 2.5) and those who had had repeated early common @entity1 (OR = 2.4, 95%CI: 1.5, 3.8). The allelic ORs were close to one among @entity0 exposed to insecticides, who had not been breastfed and who had had no or few common @entity1 . Repeated early common @entity1 interacted with @entity6 (p = 0.018) in the case-only design. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether these observations of a modification of the effect of the at-risk alleles by non-genetic factors are chance findings or reflect true underlying mechanisms.

title: @entity4 , @entity3 and Non-Genetic Factors in the Etiology of XXXX : The ESCALE Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified that frequent polymorphisms in @entity4 and @entity3 , two genes involved in lymphoid differentiation, increase the risk of childhood @entity2 ( @entity2 ). These findings markedly modified the current field of research on the etiology of @entity2 . In this new context, the present exploratory study investigated the possible interactions between these at-risk alleles and the non-genetic suspected @entity2 risk factors that were of sufficient prevalence in the French ESCALE study: maternal use of home insecticides during pregnancy, preconception paternal smoking, and some proxies for early immune modulation, i.e. breastfeeding, history of common @entity1 before age one year, and birth order. The analyses were based on 434 @entity2 cases and 442 controls of European origin, drawn from the nationwide population-based case-control study ESCALE. Information on non-genetic factors was obtained by standardized telephone interview. Interactions between @entity6 in @entity4 or @entity5 in @entity3 and each of the suspected non-genetic factors were tested, with the SNPs coded as counts of minor alleles (trend variable). Statistical interactions were observed between @entity5 and maternal insecticide use (p = 0.012), breastfeeding p = 0.017) and repeated early common @entity1 (p = 0.0070), with allelic odds ratios (OR) which were only increased among the @entity0 not exposed to insecticides (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.3, 2.4), those who had been breastfed (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.3, 2.5) and those who had had repeated early common @entity1 (OR = 2.4, 95%CI: 1.5, 3.8). The allelic ORs were close to one among @entity0 exposed to insecticides, who had not been breastfed and who had had no or few common @entity1 . Repeated early common @entity1 interacted with @entity6 (p = 0.018) in the case-only design. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether these observations of a modification of the effect of the at-risk alleles by non-genetic factors are chance findings or reflect true underlying mechanisms.

title: @entity4 , XXXX and Non-Genetic Factors in the Etiology of @entity2 : The ESCALE Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The role and mechanisms of action of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in skin remain unclear. Epidermal keratinocytes possess @entity2 receptors and are responsive to @entity2 , which is primarily derived from underlying dermal fibroblasts. IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), also synthesized by fibroblasts, may be involved in paracrine targeting of @entity2 to its receptors. We therefore examined whether @entity0 keratinocytes synthesize IGFBPs and their mRNAs. Following culture in complete medium (containing @entity1 pituitary extract and @entity6 ) Western ligand blotting (WLB) of cell conditioned medium revealed a major band of 32 kD, a less abundant IGFBP of 24 kD at all passages, and a 37-42 kD IGFBP which increased in abundance in late passage. Immunoprecipitation followed by WLB confirmed that the predominant 32 kD band was @entity5 . Radioimmunoassay of @entity10 revealed detectable levels of @entity3 and significant levels of @entity8 , but not @entity4 . Northern analysis following culture in complete medium revealed that at early passage @entity11 mRNAs were detectable. @entity9 mRNAs were not detectable. Following culture in growth factor-free medium a 37-42 kD band, consistent with @entity3 , was predominant and a 24 kD band consistent with @entity7 was also present. These data demonstrate the expression of a distinct pattern of IGFBPs by cultured @entity0 keratinocytes dependent on culture conditions. Keratinocyte-derived IGFBPs are likely to play a role in the transport and targeting of @entity2 from dermally derived fibroblasts to the epidermis.

title: Identification of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins from cultured XXXX epidermal keratinocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Research has documented health risks associated with sex work, but few U.S. studies have focused on the exotic dance industry. We undertook this study to describe the factors that influenced @entity0 's entry into exotic dance and explored the relation of these forces to their subsequent @entity2 ( @entity2 )/ @entity1 risk trajectory. Qualitative interviews (N = 25) were conducted with female exotic dancers from June through August 2009. Data were analyzed through Atlas-ti using an inductive approach. Economic vulnerability was the primary force behind @entity0 's initiation into the profession. Drug use, physical abuse, and enjoyment of dancing were often concurrent with economic need and provided a further push toward exotic dance. Social networks facilitated entry by normalizing the profession and presenting it as a solution to financial hardship. Characteristics of exotic dance clubs, such as immediate hire and daily pay, attracted @entity0 in a state of financial vulnerability. @entity0 's motivations for dancing, including economic vulnerability and drug use practices, shaped their @entity2 / @entity1 risk once immersed in the club environment, with social networks often facilitating sexual risk behavior. Understanding the factors that drive @entity0 to exotic dance and influence risk behavior in the club may assist in the development of targeted harm reduction interventions for exotic dancers.

title: Exotic Dance in Baltimore: From Entry to XXXX / @entity1 Risk.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Research has documented health risks associated with sex work, but few U.S. studies have focused on the exotic dance industry. We undertook this study to describe the factors that influenced @entity0 's entry into exotic dance and explored the relation of these forces to their subsequent @entity2 ( @entity2 )/ @entity1 risk trajectory. Qualitative interviews (N = 25) were conducted with female exotic dancers from June through August 2009. Data were analyzed through Atlas-ti using an inductive approach. Economic vulnerability was the primary force behind @entity0 's initiation into the profession. Drug use, physical abuse, and enjoyment of dancing were often concurrent with economic need and provided a further push toward exotic dance. Social networks facilitated entry by normalizing the profession and presenting it as a solution to financial hardship. Characteristics of exotic dance clubs, such as immediate hire and daily pay, attracted @entity0 in a state of financial vulnerability. @entity0 's motivations for dancing, including economic vulnerability and drug use practices, shaped their @entity2 / @entity1 risk once immersed in the club environment, with social networks often facilitating sexual risk behavior. Understanding the factors that drive @entity0 to exotic dance and influence risk behavior in the club may assist in the development of targeted harm reduction interventions for exotic dancers.

title: Exotic Dance in Baltimore: From Entry to @entity2 / XXXX Risk.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Traditionally, @entity2 is not initiated during an @entity6 to avoid prolonging the painful @entity5 . The 2012 American College of Rheumatology Guidelines for the Management of Gout suggest that urate-lowering therapy can be started during an acute attack, based on "consensus opinion of experts, case studies, or standard of care." OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether initiating @entity2 will adversely affect the resolution of acute, treated @entity3 . METHODS: We conducted a 28-day, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of @entity2 initiation in @entity0 with @entity6 . @entity0 with crystal-proven @entity3 by arthrocentesis were enrolled if they presented to the rheumatology clinic with an @entity6 within 72 hours from initial therapy. The @entity0 were also required to meet at least 1 additional criterion for urate-lowering therapy including (1) the presence of @entity6 per year, (3) a history of @entity7 , or (4) urate overproduction (>1000 mg in 24-hour urine collection). @entity0 were excluded from the study if they had a glomerular filtration rate of less than 50 or liver function test of greater than 1.25 times the upper limit of normal. The treating physician determined therapy for the @entity6 . Standard prophylaxis, with @entity8 or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, was prescribed. @entity2 or placebo was initiated at 100 mg daily for the first 14 days and then increased to 200 mg daily for the next 14 days. The primary end point was protocol defined days to resolution of @entity6 , incorporating @entity0 -rated joint @entity1 and physician examination. Secondary measures included Physician Global Assessment, @entity0 -rated @entity1 , adverse effects of therapy, and serum @entity4 . RESULTS: Thirty-one @entity0 (17 on placebo, 14 on @entity2 ) completed the study. Both intent-to-treat and completer analyses showed only a statistically insignificant difference in days to resolution (15.4 days in the @entity2 group completers vs 13.4 days in the placebo group; P = 0.5). The secondary measures revealed that the acute phase of @entity1 rapidly improved in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: We initiated @entity2 at low doses during an @entity6 in @entity0 who met criteria for starting urate-lowering therapy and did not have abnormal kidney or liver function. In this cohort, @entity2 did not prolong the acute, treated attack.

title: Does Starting XXXX Prolong Acute Treated Gout? A Randomized Clinical Trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cutoff values for @entity1 (BP) are not established in @entity1 guidelines. The aim of the study was to assess optimal cutoff values for increased exercise BP to predict incident @entity1 . METHODS: Data of 661 normotensive @entity0 (386 @entity0 ) aged 25-77 years from the Study of Health in Pomerania ( @entity2 ) with a 5-year follow-up were used. Exercise BP was measured at a submaximal level of 100W and at maximum level of a symptom-limited cycle ergometry test. Cutoff values for increased exercise BP were defined at the maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of incident @entity1 . The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) and net reclassification index (NRI) were calculated to investigate whether increased exercise BP adds predictive value for incident @entity1 beyond established cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: In @entity0 , values of 160mmHg (100W level; AUC=0.7837; NRI=0.534, P<0.001) and 210mmHg (maximum level; AUC=0.7677; NRI=0.340, P=0.003) were detected as optimal cutoff values for the definition of increased exercise @entity3 . A value of 190mmHg (AUC=0.8347; NRI=0.519, P<0.001) showed relevance for the definition of increased exercise @entity3 in @entity0 at the maximum level. CONCLUSION: According to our analyses, 190 and 210mmHg are clinically relevant cutoff values for increased exercise @entity3 at the maximum exercise level of cycle ergometry test for @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. In addition, for @entity0 , our analyses provided a cutoff value of 160mmHg for increased exercise @entity3 at the 100W level.

title: Assessing cutoff values for XXXX to predict incident @entity1 in a general population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cutoff values for @entity1 (BP) are not established in @entity1 guidelines. The aim of the study was to assess optimal cutoff values for increased exercise BP to predict incident @entity1 . METHODS: Data of 661 normotensive @entity0 (386 @entity0 ) aged 25-77 years from the Study of Health in Pomerania ( @entity2 ) with a 5-year follow-up were used. Exercise BP was measured at a submaximal level of 100W and at maximum level of a symptom-limited cycle ergometry test. Cutoff values for increased exercise BP were defined at the maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of incident @entity1 . The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) and net reclassification index (NRI) were calculated to investigate whether increased exercise BP adds predictive value for incident @entity1 beyond established cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: In @entity0 , values of 160mmHg (100W level; AUC=0.7837; NRI=0.534, P<0.001) and 210mmHg (maximum level; AUC=0.7677; NRI=0.340, P=0.003) were detected as optimal cutoff values for the definition of increased exercise @entity3 . A value of 190mmHg (AUC=0.8347; NRI=0.519, P<0.001) showed relevance for the definition of increased exercise @entity3 in @entity0 at the maximum level. CONCLUSION: According to our analyses, 190 and 210mmHg are clinically relevant cutoff values for increased exercise @entity3 at the maximum exercise level of cycle ergometry test for @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. In addition, for @entity0 , our analyses provided a cutoff value of 160mmHg for increased exercise @entity3 at the 100W level.

title: Assessing cutoff values for @entity1 to predict incident XXXX in a general population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and later admission to hospital with a mental health diagnosis in @entity0 who remained childless after @entity2 treatment. METHODS: This was a population-based cohort study using linked administrative hospital and registry data. The study population included all @entity0 commencing hospital treatment for @entity2 in Western Australia between the years 1982 and 2002 aged 20-44 years at treatment commencement who did not have a recorded birth by the end of follow-up (15 August 2010) and did not have a hospital mental health admission prior to the first @entity2 admission (n=6,567). Of these, 2,623 @entity0 had @entity1 and 3,944 did not. We used multivariate Cox regression modeling of mental health admissions and compared @entity0 undergoing @entity1 treatment with @entity0 having @entity2 treatment but not @entity1 . RESULTS: Over an average of 17 years of follow-up, 411 @entity0 in the cohort were admitted to hospital with a mental health diagnosis; 93 who had @entity1 and 318 who did not. The unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) for a hospital mental health admission comparing @entity0 who had @entity1 with those receiving other @entity2 treatment was 0.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40-0.63). After adjustment for age, calendar year and socio-economic status the HR was 0.56 (95% CI 0.44-0.71). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 treatment is associated with a reduced risk of hospital mental health admissions in @entity0 after unsuccessful @entity2 treatment. This may be explained by the healthy cohort effect.

title: Hospital Mental Health Admissions in XXXX after Unsuccessful Infertility Treatment and In Vitro Fertilization: An Australian Population-Based Cohort Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Two isolates of a novel, moderately thermophilic Thiobacillus species have been studied. The isolates, KU and BC13, are Gram-negative, motile bacteria having a pH optimum for growth of 2-2.5 and an optimum growth temperature of 45 degrees C. Both isolates are capable of chemolithotrophic growth on reduced @entity3 substrates. They can also use molecular @entity4 as an electron donor. These two isolates can grow mixotrophically with @entity3 or @entity5 and @entity0 extract or @entity2 . The G+C content is 63.1-63.9 mol% and the isolates exhibit no significant DNA homology to any other Thiobacillus species. Strains KU and BC13 both contain ubiquinone Q-8. 16S rRNA analysis indicates that these strains belong to a group of bacteria which includes other chemolithotrophic @entity3 oxidizers such as @entity1 and T. thiooxidans. These characteristics distinguish KU and BC13 from any other species described previously and they thus represent the first acidophilic, thermophilic Thiobacillus species, named @entity6 sp. nov., to be described. The type strain, referred to as strain KU in this paper, has been deposited in the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen, Braunschweig, FRG, with the accession number @entity6 .

title: Characterization of XXXX sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic acidophile.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a computer-aided approach to the assessment of spinal inflammation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity4 as compared to visual assessment. METHODS: Following institutional ethics approval, 32 @entity0 (mean        SD age 35.3        10.2 years) with active @entity4 underwent treatment with @entity3 and infliximab for 30 weeks. Spinal MRI examination (T1-weighted, T2-weighted fat-suppressed, and postcontrast T1-weighted fat-suppressed sagittal sequences using a 1.5T MRI system) was performed at baseline and at 30 weeks. Following manual identification of the vertebral corners, vertebral body segmentation was performed using a deformable model that automatically isolated the 4 vertebral corner areas, allowing automatic measurement of the relative mean corner intensity of each vertebral corner before and after treatment. Quantitative computer-aided assessment of spinal inflammation was compared with a semiquantitative visual assessment of spinal inflammation (the Berlin method). RESULTS: Computer-aided quantification was quick and highly reliable, and it identified increases in vertebral corner @entity1 or enhancement that were significantly decreased following treatment (P   <   0.5). For computer-aided analysis, there was excellent inter- and intrarater correlation of both corner @entity1 and enhancement (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs] >0.99), and the correlations were better than those for visual analysis (ICCs 0.83-0.96). For computer-aided analysis, the standardized response mean was 1.67 for corner @entity1 and 1.64 for enhancement, as compared to 1.20 and 1.18, respectively, for visual analysis. Computer-aided quantification of MRI data correlated better (r   =   0.50-0.53, P   <   0.01) with clinical features of @entity2 activity pre- and posttreatment than did visual analysis of spinal inflammation (r   =   0.37-0.43, P   >   0.02). CONCLUSION: Computer-aided assessment of spinal inflammation in @entity4 is quick, reliable, and sensitive and correlates better with clinical disease activity than does visual assessment by the Berlin method.

title: Computer-Aided Assessment of Spinal Inflammation on Magnetic Resonance Images in @entity0 With XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a computer-aided approach to the assessment of spinal inflammation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity4 as compared to visual assessment. METHODS: Following institutional ethics approval, 32 @entity0 (mean        SD age 35.3        10.2 years) with active @entity4 underwent treatment with @entity3 and infliximab for 30 weeks. Spinal MRI examination (T1-weighted, T2-weighted fat-suppressed, and postcontrast T1-weighted fat-suppressed sagittal sequences using a 1.5T MRI system) was performed at baseline and at 30 weeks. Following manual identification of the vertebral corners, vertebral body segmentation was performed using a deformable model that automatically isolated the 4 vertebral corner areas, allowing automatic measurement of the relative mean corner intensity of each vertebral corner before and after treatment. Quantitative computer-aided assessment of spinal inflammation was compared with a semiquantitative visual assessment of spinal inflammation (the Berlin method). RESULTS: Computer-aided quantification was quick and highly reliable, and it identified increases in vertebral corner @entity1 or enhancement that were significantly decreased following treatment (P   <   0.5). For computer-aided analysis, there was excellent inter- and intrarater correlation of both corner @entity1 and enhancement (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs] >0.99), and the correlations were better than those for visual analysis (ICCs 0.83-0.96). For computer-aided analysis, the standardized response mean was 1.67 for corner @entity1 and 1.64 for enhancement, as compared to 1.20 and 1.18, respectively, for visual analysis. Computer-aided quantification of MRI data correlated better (r   =   0.50-0.53, P   <   0.01) with clinical features of @entity2 activity pre- and posttreatment than did visual analysis of spinal inflammation (r   =   0.37-0.43, P   >   0.02). CONCLUSION: Computer-aided assessment of spinal inflammation in @entity4 is quick, reliable, and sensitive and correlates better with clinical disease activity than does visual assessment by the Berlin method.

title: Computer-Aided Assessment of Spinal Inflammation on Magnetic Resonance Images in XXXX With @entity4 .

answer: @entity0