abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate voice and quality of life after transoral laser resection of early @entity2 . METHODS: We studied 19 @entity0 undergoing transoral laser resection of @entity1 stage (T) one or T2 @entity2 . Laryngeal function was evaluated by video-stroboscopy, vocal function by the Voice Symptom Scale, the grade-roughness-breathiness-asthenia-strain scale and objective phoniatric assessment, and quality of life by the University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire. RESULTS: @entity0 ' @entity2 @entity1 -node-metastasis (TNM) staging was T1 N0 M0 in 14 @entity0 and T2 N0 M0 in five. Overall voice grade, roughness and breathiness were mild to moderate in 84 per cent; asthenia and @entity3 were more uniformly distributed, with 15 per cent of @entity0 having normal voice quality. Eight @entity0 developed a glottic web post-operatively; anterior commissure web was significantly associated with worse voice grade (p = 0.05). Seven @entity0 (47 per cent) had a 'mucosal wave' on the operated vocal fold; this was significantly associated with less strain on phonation (p = 0.05). Voice Symptom Scale score was low overall (15 @entity0 (78.9 per cent) scored less than 30). The fundamental frequency and frequency irregularity were normal in nine @entity0 (47.3 per cent); the closed quotient was normal in six (31.5 per cent). The averaged quality of life score was >=  90 in 14 @entity0 (73.7 per cent); 18 (94.7 per cent) felt their health-related quality of life was either the same or better post-operatively; and overall quality of life was positive in all. CONCLUSION: Transoral laser resection of T1 and T2 @entity2 enables adequate @entity1 tissue excision with preservation of acceptable vocal function. Most @entity0 ' post-operative quality of life is very good. Anterior commissure web formation is associated with poorer vocal function.

title: Evaluation of voice and quality of life after transoral endoscopic laser resection of early XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the results of transoral laser microsurgery for the treatment of early @entity2 at our institution. DESIGN: Cohort study. Retrospective review of charts of @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 stage 1 or 2 (early stage; no nodes or @entity1 ), previously untreated, primary @entity2 , treated with transoral laser microsurgery at the Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The minimum follow-up period was two years. SETTING: Tertiary care @entity3 centre. @entity0 : Fifty-three @entity0 treated between January 2002 and November 2007. OUTCOME MEASURE: Kaplan-Meier survival analysis for disease-free survival, overall survival and laryngectomy-free survival, at five years. RESULTS: The group comprised 46 @entity0 and seven @entity0 , with a mean age of 66 years (range 30-84 years). Mean follow up was 40 months (range 12-89 months). There were four cases of complications (7.5 per cent). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a five-year disease-free survival (including salvage) of 96.2 per cent, a five-year overall survival (all causes) of 88.8 per cent and a five-year laryngectomy-free survival of 98.1 per cent. CONCLUSION: Transoral laser microsurgery is a safe and effective initial treatment for early @entity2 , and has high rates of laryngeal preservation and disease-free survival.

title: Transoral laser microsurgery outcomes with early XXXX : the Dalhousie University experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity6 is a frequent observation in the @entity5 . We analyzed the relationship between @entity6 on admission and @entity0 with @entity5 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study of 455 @entity0 with @entity5 with and without elevation of ST segment with high risk according to ACA/AHA criteria. We divided the sample according to the median glycemia on admission into < 139 mg/dl and >=  139 mg/dl. We studied the analytic, electrocardiography, echocardiography and epidemiologic variables. Using the Cox Proportional Hazard Model, we analyzed their relationship with the mortality as principal variable during a six-month period after the @entity5 . RESULTS: Mean age was 64.3    12.7 years, 80.4% were male and 21.8% had been diagnosed with @entity1 . Mean glycemia on admission was 163.3    71.8 mg/dl. Forty-seven @entity0 died (10.3%), Mean glycemia of those who had died was 189.8    78.8 mg/dl compared to 160.3    70.4 mg/dl in the survival group (P = 0.003). @entity0 with @entity6 on admission >=  139 mg/dl had higher mortality, hazard ratio (HR) =2.98 (confidence interval [CI 95%]: 1.06-8.4; P = 0.039). Elderly @entity0 , being a male, having @entity2 and @entity4 also showed an independent relationship with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 on admission >=  139 mg/dl in @entity5 @entity0 is associated with a higher risk of @entity3 in the following six months, independently of @entity1 or other risk factors known.

title: [Hyperglycaemia as bad prognostic factor in XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of two different laparoscopic methods on ovarian reserve as determined by antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian volume in @entity0 with @entity2 . DESIGN: Randomized prospective study. SETTING: Tertiary education and research hospital. @entity0 (S): Forty-eight @entity0 with @entity2 . INTERVENTION(S): AFC and ovarian volumes determined before and after surgery; coagulation and cystectomy performed on one randomly selected side of each @entity0 for their @entity2 ; in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): @entity3 as determined by AFC and ovarian volume, and number of dominant follicles and retrieved oocytes after controlled @entity1 . RESULT(S): In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer were performed for 37 of 48 @entity0 . The number of dominant follicles and the retrieved oocytes were assessed after controlled @entity1 . The postprocedural AFC was 3.67  1.26 and 4.75  0.60 after cystectomy and coagulation, respectively. A statistically significantly greater decrease in AFC was found after cystectomy as compared with coagulation. Postprocedural ovarian volumes were 6.27  1.95 and 9.87  2.01 after cystectomy and coagulation, respectively. A @entity1 was found after cystectomy when compared with coagulation. CONCLUSION(S): The decreases in AFC and ovarian volume were found for both coagulation and cystectomy, but the decrease was statistically significantly more frequent in cystectomized ovaries than in coagulated ovaries. Also, in the in vitro fertilization cycles, the ovarian response to ovulation induction was statistically significantly reduced in cystectomized ovaries as compared with coagulated ovaries.

title: The effect of laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy versus coagulation in bilateral XXXX as determined by antral follicle count and ovarian volume: a prospective randomized study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have designed a clinically relevant model of perinatal @entity9 providing intrapartum @entity6 in @entity1 . On gestation day 22 @entity5 @entity1 were anesthetized and the uterine horns were exteriorized and placed in a water bath at 37  C for up to 20min. After this, pups were delivered from the uterus and manually stimulated to initiate breathing in an incubator at 37  C for 1 h in air. Brains were harvested and stained with @entity11 , @entity10 , and TUNEL to detect morphological and apoptotic changes on postnatal days (PND) 1, 3, and 7. Separate cohorts were maintained until PND 50 and tested for learning and memory using Morris water maze (WM). Survival rate was decreased with longer @entity6 time, and 100% mortality was noted when @entity6 time was beyond 18min. Apoptosis was increased with the duration of @entity6 with @entity7 and cell shrinkage in the @entity8 of hippocampus. The time taken for the juveniles to locate the hidden platform during WM was increased in animals subjected to @entity6 . These data demonstrate that perinatal @entity2 leads to @entity7 in the hippocampus and long-lasting @entity3 . This model mimics @entity6 @entity2 @entity4 in @entity0 and may be appropriate for investigating therapeutic interventions.

title: A clinically relevant model of perinatal global XXXX @entity4 in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have designed a clinically relevant model of perinatal @entity9 providing intrapartum @entity6 in @entity1 . On gestation day 22 @entity5 @entity1 were anesthetized and the uterine horns were exteriorized and placed in a water bath at 37  C for up to 20min. After this, pups were delivered from the uterus and manually stimulated to initiate breathing in an incubator at 37  C for 1 h in air. Brains were harvested and stained with @entity11 , @entity10 , and TUNEL to detect morphological and apoptotic changes on postnatal days (PND) 1, 3, and 7. Separate cohorts were maintained until PND 50 and tested for learning and memory using Morris water maze (WM). Survival rate was decreased with longer @entity6 time, and 100% mortality was noted when @entity6 time was beyond 18min. Apoptosis was increased with the duration of @entity6 with @entity7 and cell shrinkage in the @entity8 of hippocampus. The time taken for the juveniles to locate the hidden platform during WM was increased in animals subjected to @entity6 . These data demonstrate that perinatal @entity2 leads to @entity7 in the hippocampus and long-lasting @entity3 . This model mimics @entity6 @entity2 @entity4 in @entity0 and may be appropriate for investigating therapeutic interventions.

title: A clinically relevant model of perinatal global @entity2 XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: We have designed a clinically relevant model of perinatal @entity9 providing intrapartum @entity6 in @entity1 . On gestation day 22 @entity5 @entity1 were anesthetized and the uterine horns were exteriorized and placed in a water bath at 37  C for up to 20min. After this, pups were delivered from the uterus and manually stimulated to initiate breathing in an incubator at 37  C for 1 h in air. Brains were harvested and stained with @entity11 , @entity10 , and TUNEL to detect morphological and apoptotic changes on postnatal days (PND) 1, 3, and 7. Separate cohorts were maintained until PND 50 and tested for learning and memory using Morris water maze (WM). Survival rate was decreased with longer @entity6 time, and 100% mortality was noted when @entity6 time was beyond 18min. Apoptosis was increased with the duration of @entity6 with @entity7 and cell shrinkage in the @entity8 of hippocampus. The time taken for the juveniles to locate the hidden platform during WM was increased in animals subjected to @entity6 . These data demonstrate that perinatal @entity2 leads to @entity7 in the hippocampus and long-lasting @entity3 . This model mimics @entity6 @entity2 @entity4 in @entity0 and may be appropriate for investigating therapeutic interventions.

title: A clinically relevant model of perinatal global @entity2 @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether @entity4 ( @entity4 ) plays a role in the tumorigenicity of @entity2 cells. METHODS: @entity5 @entity2 cells were transfected with small interfering (si) @entity3 and siPDGFR-b, constructed according to the conventional small interfering RNA design standard. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and cell growth were studied to determine the characteristics of @entity3 and @entity4 -b in vitro. The @entity2 xenograft model was established to investigate whether knockout of @entity3 and @entity4 -b @entity2 @entity0 growth in vivo. The experimental groups were defined as group 1 ( @entity5 cells only), group 2 ( @entity5 cells transfected with small interfering green fluorescent protein), group 3 ( @entity5 cells transfected with siPDGFR-a), group 4 ( @entity5 cells transfected with siPDGFR-b), and group 5 ( @entity5 cells transfected with siPDGFR-a and siPDGFR-b). RESULTS: Western blot analysis revealed that siPDGFR-a and siPDGFR-b significantly blocked @entity3 and @entity4 -b protein expression. After 48 hours of transfection of the @entity5 cells with siPDGFR-a and siPDGFR-b, the relative fractions of viable cells were reduced to 47.7% (P = .007) and 38.5% (P = .010). In vivo, @entity1 treated with siPDGFR-a or siPDGFR-b and siPDGFR-a plus siPDGFR-b had significant @entity0 cell growth arrest compared with the @entity1 in groups 1 and 2 (P = .001). In addition, a significant reduction in the microvessel density was observed in @entity0 from the @entity1 treated with siPDGFR-a or siPDGFR-b and siPDGFR-a plus siPDGFR-b (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggest that siPDGFR-a and siPDGFR-b might inhibit @entity2 cell growth by the suppression of angiogenesis.

title: XXXX using RNA interference-directed knockdown of @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether @entity4 ( @entity4 ) plays a role in the tumorigenicity of @entity2 cells. METHODS: @entity5 @entity2 cells were transfected with small interfering (si) @entity3 and siPDGFR-b, constructed according to the conventional small interfering RNA design standard. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and cell growth were studied to determine the characteristics of @entity3 and @entity4 -b in vitro. The @entity2 xenograft model was established to investigate whether knockout of @entity3 and @entity4 -b @entity2 @entity0 growth in vivo. The experimental groups were defined as group 1 ( @entity5 cells only), group 2 ( @entity5 cells transfected with small interfering green fluorescent protein), group 3 ( @entity5 cells transfected with siPDGFR-a), group 4 ( @entity5 cells transfected with siPDGFR-b), and group 5 ( @entity5 cells transfected with siPDGFR-a and siPDGFR-b). RESULTS: Western blot analysis revealed that siPDGFR-a and siPDGFR-b significantly blocked @entity3 and @entity4 -b protein expression. After 48 hours of transfection of the @entity5 cells with siPDGFR-a and siPDGFR-b, the relative fractions of viable cells were reduced to 47.7% (P = .007) and 38.5% (P = .010). In vivo, @entity1 treated with siPDGFR-a or siPDGFR-b and siPDGFR-a plus siPDGFR-b had significant @entity0 cell growth arrest compared with the @entity1 in groups 1 and 2 (P = .001). In addition, a significant reduction in the microvessel density was observed in @entity0 from the @entity1 treated with siPDGFR-a or siPDGFR-b and siPDGFR-a plus siPDGFR-b (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggest that siPDGFR-a and siPDGFR-b might inhibit @entity2 cell growth by the suppression of angiogenesis.

title: @entity2 using RNA interference-directed knockdown of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent volunteer and clinical studies of @entity3 (CP) have evaluated its use for outpatient spinal anesthesia. This retrospective review describes the discharge characteristics and reported side effects of spinal CP in a large number of @entity0 undergoing outpatient procedures. METHODS: All @entity0 who received spinal anesthesia for ambulatory procedures over a 20-month period were accessed using computer-generated reports. Charts from 601 anesthetics were analyzed for spinal drug used, block characteristics, side effects and discharge data. RESULTS: CP was the most frequently used spinal anesthetic (84% of cases, n=503) for outpatient procedures. CP (median dose 40 mg, range 20-60 mg) times from injection to ambulation and discharge were 107  24 and 171  45 min, respectively. @entity2 (median dose 60 mg, range 30-100 mg, n=84) times from injection to ambulation and discharge were 155  40 and 224  57 min, respectively (P<0.05). The incidence of urinary retention, the most common side effect, was similar in both groups. There were no reports of transient @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: For ambulatory @entity0 at our institution, the time to achievement of discharge criteria was significantly reduced with CP 40 vs. @entity2 60 mg. There have been no reports of perioperative @entity1 with the introduction of CP as a spinal anesthetic at our institution.

title: XXXX for spinal anesthesia: a retrospective analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess by surface electromyography (sEMG) the changes in upper and lower orbicular oris (OO) muscles produced by a preformed functional device in subjects with Class II, division 1 @entity2 , @entity1 . Twenty-eight subjects were selected: 13 subjects (mean age 9    1.5 years) with @entity3 , @entity1 were treated with a preformed functional device, while 15 subjects (mean age 9.5    0.8 years) with normal occlusion were used as control. Inclusion criteria for both groups were: presence of mixed dentition, no previous orthodontic treatment, and absence of speech disturbance. sEMG recordings were taken at the time of the first visit (T0), and after 3 (T1) and 6 months (T2) for the treated group, and at T0 and T2 for the control group. The sEMG recording was performed at rest, and while kissing, swallowing, opening the mouth, clenching the teeth, and during protrusion of the mandible, by placing electrodes at the area of muscle contraction. At T0, except during swallowing, the treated group always showed a lower sEMG activity of the lower OO muscle with respect to the control group, with significant differences at rest and during mandibular protrusion (p<0.05). In the treated group, a significant increase in muscle tone was observed for the lower OO muscle from T0 to T1, but only at rest. The upper OO muscle showed a significant increase during the protrusion of the mandible from T1 to T2. No significant change was observed in the control group during the follow-up. Muscular contractility of treated @entity0 at T2 reached the same values as that of the control group at T2. Interceptive orthodontics seems to improve the form and function of the orofacial muscle structure. Improvement in muscle contraction after treatment was demonstrated by sEMG.

title: Effects of interceptive orthodontics on orbicular muscle activity: a surface electromyographic study in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop an indirect method for measurement of intraabdominal pressures in the standing @entity0 using measurement of gastric pressures as a less invasive technique, and to compare this method with direct intraabdominal pressures obtained from the peritoneal cavity. DESIGN: Prospective, experimental study. SETTING: University-based @entity0 research facility. ANIMALS: Ten healthy adult @entity0 , 7 geldings and 3 mares. INTERVENTIONS: Gastric pressures were measured using a nasogastric tube with a U-tube manometry technique, while intraperitoneal pressures were measured with a peritoneal cannula. Measurements of intraabdominal pressure were obtained by both methods, simultaneously, and were evaluated using 5 increasing volumes of fluid infused into the stomach (0, 400, 1,000, 2,000, and 3,000 mL). Bias and agreement between the 2 methods were determined using Bland-Altman analysis and Lin's concordance correlation coefficients. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Mean gastric pressure was 14.44    4.69 cm @entity1 and ranged from 0 to 25.8 cm @entity1 . Intraperitoneal pressure measurements were generally subatmospheric, and ranged from -6.6 to 3.1 cm @entity1 (mean    SD, -1.59    2.09 cm @entity1 ). Measurements of intraperitoneal pressures were repeatable; however, intra- and interindividual variance was significantly larger for measurements of gastric pressures. The mean and relative bias for comparison between the 2 techniques was 15.9    5.3 cm @entity1 and 244.3    199.2%, respectively. The Lin's concordance correlation coefficient between gastric and intraperitoneal pressures was -0.003 but this was not statistically significant (P=0.75). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistical concordance between measurements of intraabdominal pressure using gastric and intraperitoneal pressure measurement, indicating that gastric pressures cannot be substituted for intraperitoneal pressure measurement. Direct measurement of intraperitoneal pressures may be a more consistent method for comparison of intraabdominal pressures between @entity0 , due to less variability within and between individuals.

title: Evaluation of gastric pressures as an indirect method for measurement of intraabdominal pressures in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a leading cause of @entity2 . Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to dramatically decrease mortality in eligible adult population with @entity5 . We hypothesized that @entity8 is present in @entity6 @entity0 and that cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) may predict CRT efficacy. METHODS: @entity6 @entity0 (n = 236) were stratified into 4 groups based on age, diagnosis of @entity6 , left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), and presence of @entity3 defined as positive late gadolinum enhancement (LGE) compared to normal controls (n = 77). Dyssynchrony indices were calculated based on timing of CMR derived circumferential strain (ecc). The calculated indices included cross-correlation delay (XCD), uniformity of strain (US), regional vector of variance (RVV), time to maximum strain (TTMS) and standard deviation (SD) of TTMS. Abnormal XCD value was defined as > normal + 2SD. US, RVV, TTMS and SD were calculated for @entity0 with abnormal XCD. RESULTS: There was overall low prevalence of circumferential dyssynchrony in the entire @entity6 population; it increased to 17.1% for @entity0 with abnormal EF and to 31.2% in the most advanced stage (abnormal EF with @entity1 ). All but one @entity6 @entity0 with @entity8 exhibited normal QRS duration suggesting absence of electrical dyssynchrony. The calculated US and RVV values (0.91    0.09, 1.34    0.48) indicate disperse rather than @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Mechanical dyssynchrony is frequent in @entity0 with end stage @entity6 -associated @entity4 . It is associated with normal QRS complex as well as extensive lateral @entity1 . Based on these findings, it is unlikely that this @entity0 population will benefit from CRT.

title: Presence of @entity8 in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a leading cause of @entity2 . Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been shown to dramatically decrease mortality in eligible adult population with @entity5 . We hypothesized that @entity8 is present in @entity6 @entity0 and that cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) may predict CRT efficacy. METHODS: @entity6 @entity0 (n = 236) were stratified into 4 groups based on age, diagnosis of @entity6 , left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), and presence of @entity3 defined as positive late gadolinum enhancement (LGE) compared to normal controls (n = 77). Dyssynchrony indices were calculated based on timing of CMR derived circumferential strain (ecc). The calculated indices included cross-correlation delay (XCD), uniformity of strain (US), regional vector of variance (RVV), time to maximum strain (TTMS) and standard deviation (SD) of TTMS. Abnormal XCD value was defined as > normal + 2SD. US, RVV, TTMS and SD were calculated for @entity0 with abnormal XCD. RESULTS: There was overall low prevalence of circumferential dyssynchrony in the entire @entity6 population; it increased to 17.1% for @entity0 with abnormal EF and to 31.2% in the most advanced stage (abnormal EF with @entity1 ). All but one @entity6 @entity0 with @entity8 exhibited normal QRS duration suggesting absence of electrical dyssynchrony. The calculated US and RVV values (0.91    0.09, 1.34    0.48) indicate disperse rather than @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Mechanical dyssynchrony is frequent in @entity0 with end stage @entity6 -associated @entity4 . It is associated with normal QRS complex as well as extensive lateral @entity1 . Based on these findings, it is unlikely that this @entity0 population will benefit from CRT.

title: Presence of XXXX in @entity6 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Insecticide-resistant mosquitoes are compromising the ability of current mosquito control tools to control @entity0 vectors. A proposed new approach for mosquito control is to use entomopathogenic fungi. These fungi have been shown to be lethal to both insecticide-susceptible and insecticide-resistant mosquitoes under laboratory conditions. The goal of this study was to see whether entomopathogenic fungi could be used to infect insecticide-resistant @entity0 vectors under field conditions, and to see whether the virulence and viability of the fungal conidia decreased after exposure to ambient African field conditions. METHODS: This study used the fungus @entity2 to infect the insecticide-resistant @entity0 vector @entity1 s.s (Diptera: Culicidae) VKPER laboratory colony strain. Fungal conidia were applied to polyester netting and kept under West African field conditions for varying periods of time. The virulence of the fungal-treated netting was tested 1, 3 and 5 days after net application by exposing An. gambiae s.s. VKPER mosquitoes in WHO cone bioassays carried out under field conditions. In addition, the viability of @entity2 conidia was measured after up to 20 days exposure to field conditions. RESULTS: The results show that @entity2 infection caused significantly increased mortality with the daily risk of dying being increased by 2.5   for the fungus-exposed mosquitoes compared to the control mosquitoes. However, the virulence of the @entity2 conidia decreased with increasing time spent exposed to the field conditions, the older the treatment on the net, the lower the fungus-induced mortality rate. This is likely to be due to the climate because laboratory trials found no such decline within the same trial time period. Conidial viability also decreased with increasing exposure to the net and natural abiotic environmental conditions. After 20 days field exposure the conidial viability was 30%, but the viability of control conidia not exposed to the net or field conditions was 79%. CONCLUSIONS: This work shows promise for the use of @entity2 fungal conidia against insecticide-resistant mosquitoes in the field, but further work is required to examine the role of environmental conditions on fungal virulence and viability with a view to eventually making the fungal conidia delivery system more able to withstand the ambient African climate.

title: First report of the infection of insecticide-resistant XXXX vector mosquitoes with an entomopathogenic fungus under field conditions.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed to see if stability based criteria are useful in choosing between nonoperative and operative treatment of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred sixty @entity3 in skeletally mature @entity0 were retrospectively analyzed to obtain an epidemiological profile in a population of about 130,000. One hundred thirty @entity0 had followup of more than 2 years. A decision between operative and nonoperative treatment was made by the surgeon-on-duty, based on accepted stability criteria. @entity2 were classified according to Weber and Lauge-Hansen systems. Clinical outcome was assessed using the scoring systems of Olerud-Molander, the RAND 36-Item Health Survey and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), measuring @entity1 and function. RESULTS: The overall incidence of @entity3 was 154/100,000. Nonoperatively treated @entity0 had more displacement of the distal fibula after treatment, but less @entity1 and better Olerud-Molander (good or excellent, 89% vs. 71%) and VAS functional scores. Independent factors for worse outcome were female gender, older age, unstable @entity2 and co-morbidity. No nonoperatively treated @entity0 needed operative fixation during followup. CONCLUSION: Stability-based @entity2 classification was a simple and useful tool in decision-making for the treatment of @entity3 . We found @entity2 could be treated nonoperatively with success if the ankle mortise was stable. Displacement of the distal fibula after treatment did not affect functional scores or @entity1 .

title: Stability criteria for nonoperative XXXX management.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 complex is an @entity2 characterized by @entity5 in various organs. @entity0 who have this disorder exhibit a high rate of @entity3 and @entity1 . We investigated number of tubers, location, @entity4 types, and cognitive outcome, and we analyzed the relationships among them in our @entity7 @entity0 in the @entity3 Program at the University of Alberta. We also examined the @entity4 outcome after tuber resection. Our study cohort included 24 @entity0 with @entity7 complex. We obtained @entity4 history, electroencephalogram, and neuropsychologic parameters. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine tuber numbers and locations. Ten @entity0 underwent surgical removal of tubers responsible for intractable @entity3 . A negative correlation was found between the number of tubers and intelligent quotient score. @entity3 surgery led to freedom from @entity4 in this @entity0 group. We demonstrated that the total number and location of cortical tubers play a significant role in the extent of @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity7 complex. In addition, @entity0 with intractable @entity4 and well-defined @entity3 focus had excellent surgical outcome.

title: Cortical tubers, cognition, and @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity7 complex is an @entity2 characterized by @entity5 in various organs. @entity0 who have this disorder exhibit a high rate of @entity3 and @entity1 . We investigated number of tubers, location, @entity4 types, and cognitive outcome, and we analyzed the relationships among them in our @entity7 @entity0 in the @entity3 Program at the University of Alberta. We also examined the @entity4 outcome after tuber resection. Our study cohort included 24 @entity0 with @entity7 complex. We obtained @entity4 history, electroencephalogram, and neuropsychologic parameters. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine tuber numbers and locations. Ten @entity0 underwent surgical removal of tubers responsible for intractable @entity3 . A negative correlation was found between the number of tubers and intelligent quotient score. @entity3 surgery led to freedom from @entity4 in this @entity0 group. We demonstrated that the total number and location of cortical tubers play a significant role in the extent of @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity7 complex. In addition, @entity0 with intractable @entity4 and well-defined @entity3 focus had excellent surgical outcome.

title: Cortical tubers, cognition, and XXXX in @entity7 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Despite the widespread adoption of drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation, the optimal treatment of @entity3 remains challenging. The present study evaluated the relation between quantitative angiography and the fractional flow reserve (FFR) in @entity2 after DES implantation and the efficacy of FFR in determining whether to treat these lesions. To assess their functional significance, the coronary pressure-derived FFR was measured in 50 DES @entity2 (49 @entity0 ). Additional intervention was performed in lesions with a FFR <0.8. Major adverse cardiac events were assessed at 12 months after the reintervention procedure. The mean percent diameter stenosis (%DS) was 58    13%. Of the 50 lesions, 20 (40%) were deferred without additional intervention. The FFR and %DS had a negative correlation (r = -0.61, p <0.001). However, when only the lesions with @entity4 (15 lesions) were analyzed, the degree of correlation decreased (r = -0.56, p = 0.12). Although most lesions (89%) with a %DS of >= 70 had significant functional @entity1 , among 41 lesions with a %DS <70, only 20 (49%) had demonstrated functional patency. The incidence of adverse events during the 12 months of follow-up after FFR-guided treatment was 18.0% (23.3% in the FFR <0.80 group and 10.0% in FFR >= 0.80 group). In conclusion, a discrepancy was found between functional @entity1 measured by the FFR and the angiographic %DS, in particular, in moderate- or diffuse-type @entity2 after DES implantation. The outcome of FFR-guided deferral in @entity0 with DES in-stent restenosis seems favorable.

title: Usefulness of coronary pressure measurement for functional evaluation of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is treated with topical glucocorticoids (GC). Some @entity0 require endoscopic nasal surgery because GC treatment is ineffective. To exert its function, the GC needs to bind with the GC receptor (GR) and the GC-GR complex moves to the cell nucleus. Our aim was to establish whether the poor response to GC is due to an alteration in the translocation of the GR to the nucleus. METHODS: We performed nasal fibroblast cell cultures from seven healthy controls and 12 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity1 . Fibroblasts were incubated with @entity5 or @entity2 (10(-7) M) for different times (30 min to 4 h) and GR translocation was analyzed by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: Both GC induced GR translocation in every group, doubling its concentration in the cell nucleus (30 min) compared to baseline. There were no differences in GR translocation between controls and @entity0 , nor differences related to the severity of @entity1 or intolerance to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). @entity3 subjects showed a decrease in GR translocation with @entity5 (1 h, 3 h and 4 h, P<0.05) and @entity2 (30 min and 2 h, P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: The insensitivity to GC treatment does not appear to be due to an alteration in GR translocation to the nucleus. Neither does the severity of @entity1 or intolerance to NSAIDs appear to alter GR translocation. The association between atopy and the alteration in GR function deserves further investigation.

title: Nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor in fibroblasts of asthmatic @entity0 with XXXX insensitive to glucocorticoid treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is treated with topical glucocorticoids (GC). Some @entity0 require endoscopic nasal surgery because GC treatment is ineffective. To exert its function, the GC needs to bind with the GC receptor (GR) and the GC-GR complex moves to the cell nucleus. Our aim was to establish whether the poor response to GC is due to an alteration in the translocation of the GR to the nucleus. METHODS: We performed nasal fibroblast cell cultures from seven healthy controls and 12 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity1 . Fibroblasts were incubated with @entity5 or @entity2 (10(-7) M) for different times (30 min to 4 h) and GR translocation was analyzed by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: Both GC induced GR translocation in every group, doubling its concentration in the cell nucleus (30 min) compared to baseline. There were no differences in GR translocation between controls and @entity0 , nor differences related to the severity of @entity1 or intolerance to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). @entity3 subjects showed a decrease in GR translocation with @entity5 (1 h, 3 h and 4 h, P<0.05) and @entity2 (30 min and 2 h, P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: The insensitivity to GC treatment does not appear to be due to an alteration in GR translocation to the nucleus. Neither does the severity of @entity1 or intolerance to NSAIDs appear to alter GR translocation. The association between atopy and the alteration in GR function deserves further investigation.

title: Nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor in fibroblasts of asthmatic XXXX with @entity4 insensitive to glucocorticoid treatment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Ipsilateral @entity0 recurrence (IBTR) can occur in 5-20% of @entity1 with @entity0 treated with breast-conserving therapy. Two entities of IBTR have been described: true recurrence (TR), suggested to be regrowth of disease at the @entity2 bed, and new primary (NP), distinct from the index lesion in histology and location. This study compared survival outcomes between two @entity1 cohorts classified clinically as having either TR or NP. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1989 and 1999, 6,020 @entity1 were referred to the BC Cancer Agency with newly diagnosed pT1-2, N0-1, M0 @entity0 , treated with breast-conserving surgery. Of these, 289 @entity1 had pathologically confirmed IBTR. Retrospective analysis was performed, and a set of decision rules was applied to classify cases as TR or NP based on change in histology, grade, hormone receptor status, and @entity2 location. Of 289 @entity1 , 129 (45%) were classified as having TR and 139 (48%) as having NP; 21 (7%) were unclassified. RESULTS: The distributions of age at diagnosis, age at recurrence, and histopathologic factors were similar in the TR and NP cohorts (all p > 0.05). The mean time to recurrence was shorter in TR @entity1 than in NP @entity1 (4.8  years vs. 6.3 years, p = 0.001). Treatment of the IBTR did not differ between the two groups. In the TR and NP cohorts, @entity0 -specific survival was 55.7% vs. 61.3% (p = 0.93), and overall survival was 43.7% vs. 54.8% (p = 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Time to recurrence is significantly shorter in @entity1 with IBTR classified as true recurrence compared to new primary. Non-statistically significant trends for less favorable survival were observed for @entity1 with TR. Further investigation of the hypothesis that TR and NP @entity2 are distinct entities with different survival prognoses will require standardized pathology review and molecular analyses.

title: True recurrence versus new primary: an analysis of ipsilateral XXXX recurrences after breast-conserving therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Treatment of oronasal fistulae in cleft @entity0 remains a surgical challenge because of its high failure rate. The authors report the results of an @entity1 surgical technique using the total elevation of palatal mucoperiosteum, even for small fistulae. METHODS: This approach was used on twelve consecutive @entity0 , from five to 33 years of age, presenting with a Pittsburgh classification type IV palatal fistulae. The surgical procedure was total elevation of the hard palate mucoperiosteum @entity3 from the dental sulcus combined with sealed double layer sutures. Clinical and photographical control was made at least 6 months after to detect a possible relapse. RESULTS: The success rate was 100%. No relapsing @entity2 was observed with follow-up ranging from 6 to 36 months. DISCUSSION: This technique allows wide exposure and safe closure of the nasal layer. It is simple and leaves no raw bone surface exposed and no additional scar. The authors think it can be used in all type IV fistulae less than 1cm wide. Several other surgical techniques have been described to close palatal fistulae: local turnover flaps, pedicled flaps from adjacent oral tissue, tongue flaps, tissue expansion, and even free flaps. Obturator prostheses have also been used. The technique we report, even if more @entity1 , seems to be more reliable with fewer relapse and sequelae.

title: [Repair of palatal fistulae in cleft XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although a wide number of @entity0 susceptibility alleles associated with various levels of risk have been identified to date, about 50% of the heritability is still missing. Although the major @entity4 and @entity2 genes are being extensively screened for truncating and missense variants in @entity3 families, potential regulatory variants affecting their expression remain largely unexplored. In an attempt to identify such variants, we focused our attention on gene regulation mediated by microRNAs (miRs). We screened two genes, @entity5 and @entity6 , producing @entity5 and miR-146b-5p, respectively, that regulate @entity4 , and the 3'- untranslated regions (3'-UTRs) of @entity4 and @entity2 in the GENESIS French national case/control study ( @entity4 - and @entity2 -negative @entity0 cases with at least one sister with @entity0 and matched controls). We identified one rare variant in @entity5 , four in @entity6 , five in @entity4 3'-UTR and one in @entity2 3'-UTR in 716 index cases and 619 controls. Among these 11 rare variants, 7 were identified each in 1 index case. None of the three relevant @entity5 / @entity6 variants affected the pre-miR sequences. The potential causality of the four relevant @entity4 / @entity2 3'-UTRs variants was evaluated with luciferase reporter assays and co-segregation studies, as well as with bioinformatics analyses to predict miRs-binding sites, RNA secondary structures and RNA accessibility. This is the first study to report the screening of miR genes and of @entity2 3'-UTR in a large series of @entity0 cases. None of the variant identified in this study gave convincing evidence of potential pathogenicity.European Journal of @entity1 Genetics advance online publication, 20 January 2016; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2015.284.

title: Mutation screening of MIR146A/B and XXXX /2 3'-UTRs in the GENESIS study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Variation in the @entity4 gene ( @entity4 /-16934) is associated with @entity1 among farmers' @entity0 but not among @entity0 not living on farms. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the same genetic variant conferring protection in the farming environment is associated with reduced risk of developing @entity1 phenotypes among urban @entity0 attending day care in early life. METHODS: In 2 population-based birth cohorts (Manchester, United Kingdom, Manchester Asthma and @entity2 Study [MAAS]; Tucson, Ariz, Tucson @entity0 Immune Study [IIS]), @entity0 were recruited prenatally and followed prospectively (MAAS: 3, 5, 8 and 11 years; IIS: 1, 2, 3 and 5 years). We assessed @entity1 sensitization and @entity3 wheezing at each follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 727 @entity0 participated in Manchester and 263 in Tucson. We found no significant associations between @entity4 /-16934 and sensitization and @entity3 wheeze in either cohort. However, a different pattern emerged when we explored the interaction between @entity4 /-16934 and day care attendance on these outcomes. We found a significant interaction between day care and @entity4 /-16934 on the development of sensitization in the longitudinal model in MAAS in that @entity0 carrying the T allele who attended day care were less likely to be sensitized than those who did not attend day care, whereas among AA homozygotes, the association tended to be in the opposite direction. In a longitudinal model in IIS, we found a significant interaction between day care attendance and @entity4 /-16934 on the development @entity3 wheezing. Significant interactions between @entity4 /-16934 and day care were maintained when adjusting for socioeconomic status. CONCLUSION: The effect of day care on sensitization and @entity3 wheezing may differ among @entity0 with different variants of the @entity4 gene.

title: Effect of day care attendance on sensitization and XXXX wheezing differs by @entity4 genotype in 2 population-based birth cohort studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Variation in the @entity4 gene ( @entity4 /-16934) is associated with @entity1 among farmers' @entity0 but not among @entity0 not living on farms. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that the same genetic variant conferring protection in the farming environment is associated with reduced risk of developing @entity1 phenotypes among urban @entity0 attending day care in early life. METHODS: In 2 population-based birth cohorts (Manchester, United Kingdom, Manchester Asthma and @entity2 Study [MAAS]; Tucson, Ariz, Tucson @entity0 Immune Study [IIS]), @entity0 were recruited prenatally and followed prospectively (MAAS: 3, 5, 8 and 11 years; IIS: 1, 2, 3 and 5 years). We assessed @entity1 sensitization and @entity3 wheezing at each follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 727 @entity0 participated in Manchester and 263 in Tucson. We found no significant associations between @entity4 /-16934 and sensitization and @entity3 wheeze in either cohort. However, a different pattern emerged when we explored the interaction between @entity4 /-16934 and day care attendance on these outcomes. We found a significant interaction between day care and @entity4 /-16934 on the development of sensitization in the longitudinal model in MAAS in that @entity0 carrying the T allele who attended day care were less likely to be sensitized than those who did not attend day care, whereas among AA homozygotes, the association tended to be in the opposite direction. In a longitudinal model in IIS, we found a significant interaction between day care attendance and @entity4 /-16934 on the development @entity3 wheezing. Significant interactions between @entity4 /-16934 and day care were maintained when adjusting for socioeconomic status. CONCLUSION: The effect of day care on sensitization and @entity3 wheezing may differ among @entity0 with different variants of the @entity4 gene.

title: Effect of day care attendance on sensitization and @entity3 wheezing differs by XXXX genotype in 2 population-based birth cohort studies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common obstetrical problem, but its diagnosis is frequently problematic. Lacking a gold standard, the diagnosis is equivocal in some 10% of cases. We performed a systematic review to assess the accuracy of several tests for the diagnosis of @entity2 in these equivocal cases. We performed an electronic search in PubMed, Embase, DARE and the Cochrane Library and reference lists for potentially missed articles. No language restrictions were used. Only accuracy studies for diagnostic methods for @entity2 in @entity0 with equivocal @entity2 were selected. The studies were scored according to STARD and QUADAS guidelines. Based on the full description of reference and index tests, an expert panel finally decided whether the selected articles were of sufficient quality to be included. We identified 3864 studies of which 146 full manuscripts were obtained. We excluded 133 due to multiple reasons. The remaining 13 studies were scored by an expert panel. Only three articles with a total of 155 @entity0 fulfilled all criteria. These articles tested three different methods, pH measurement (64 @entity0 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 , 83 @entity0 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 , 8 @entity0 ). Sensitivity varied from 88% (pH) to 100% ( @entity1 ), specificity varied from 56% (ILGPP-1) to 100% ( @entity1 ). Based on the limited evidence on the accuracy of tests to diagnose ruptured membranes, we conclude that the use of a particular test cannot be recommended.

title: Methods for the diagnosis of XXXX of the fetal membranes in equivocal cases: a systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to define the task allocation in multiprofessional @entity1 medication management (MCMM) with a special focus on the role of the pharmacist as well as @entity0 education and counseling. The acceptance of the proposed task allocation and the perceptions on multiprofessional teamwork were explored on a national level. METHODS: We held local focus group meetings (University of Bonn with collaboration partners) to identify MCMM tasks. With the Delphi technique the tasks were allocated to physicians, pharmacists and nurses. Professionals (members of the German @entity1 Society) were approached nationwide via an online questionnaire to evaluate the acceptance of the MCMM model and explore their perceptions on multiprofessional teamwork. RESULTS: The MCMM model comprised 38 tasks including 11 on @entity0 education and counseling. It was rated to be reasonable (79%) and feasible (68%). Barriers and benefits of multiprofessional teamwork stated were @entity0 -, team-, therapy-, structure-, and resources-related. CONCLUSIONS: The MCMM model integrates the pharmacist with responsibilities in @entity0 education and counseling as well as prevention of drug-related problems. The approach was generally appreciated nationwide by the professions. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The proposed model can serve as a tool to trigger changes in @entity1 medication management.

title: Task allocation in XXXX medication management - integrating the pharmacist.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 has been a favorite model system for plant biologist. It is anticipated that comparative analysis of this plant with other members of Brassicaceae may aid in identification of orthologs playing role as key genetic determinants for salinity response. In this endeavor, we have recently identified SOS family members from @entity3 in our laboratory and reported their salinity responsive transcriptional induction in seedlings of various diploid and amphidiploids species. In the present study, we have carried out detailed time kinetics for BjSOS3 expression in a salinity tolerant @entity3 . CS52. Transcript analysis at the sensitive growth stages of plants viz. seedling and reproductive stage indicated clear differential transcriptional regulation of BjSOS3 under non-induced as well as salinity induced conditions in a time and organ specific manner, mirroring their respective tolerance physiology. Similar to its ortholog from @entity2 , the modeled BjSOS3 protein show typical features of a @entity0 binding protein with four conserved EF-hands. We have also attempted to study the binding of @entity5 protein with the modeled @entity4 protein. It has been established that @entity5 protein senses @entity0 though the binding is very weak; we show the down regulation of BjSOS3 mRNA in presence of @entity1 chelator - EGTA under the various stress conditions including ABA. In situ localization of BjSOS3-GFP fusion protein in onion peel has shown its presence strongly in plasma membrane as well as cytosol. The leads presented in the paper will assist in understanding and establishing the SOS signaling machinery in @entity3 .

title: Analysis of a salinity induced BjSOS3 protein from Brassica indicate it to be structurally and functionally related to its ortholog from XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Benign airway strictures can be complex and challenging to manage. Although resection is preferred, this is not always feasible, and hence, endoscopic therapies are often performed. However, endoscopic therapies can be problematic, with granulation tissue and @entity2 leading to early failure. Spray cryotherapy (SC) is a new approach that may modulate the healing response leading to less @entity2 and decrease the need or the duration of time to intervention. We report the initial results of SC for benign airway strictures. METHODS: Over a 22-month period, 35 @entity0 underwent SC. Median age was 51(18-81) years. Prior therapy had been undertaken in 14 (41.2%) of @entity0 . Stricture etiology included post intubation (n=5), prior tracheostomy (n=6), radiation induced (n=2), prior surgery (n=3), other causes (n=12), or unknown etiology (n=7). Airway narrowing was graded as follows: 1=0-25%, 2=26-50%, 3=51-75%, and 4=76-100%. For the purpose of analysis, this was treated as a continuous variable. The usual treatment algorithm consisted of  3-4 SC cycles, followed by @entity3 , and then by additional SC cycles. RESULTS: Stricture locations were subglottic (n=18), tracheal (n=9), and bronchial (n=8). Seventeen (49%) @entity0 required additional SC therapy, resulting in a total of 63 SC treatment sessions. Only two (3.2%) complications occurred and these included pneumothorax (n=1) and intra-operative tracheostomy (n=1). Mean follow-up was available in 33/35 @entity0 at a mean of 8.2 (1-19) months. Twelve (of 33) @entity0 (36.4%) were asymptomatic, 16/33 (48.5%) were improved, 4/33(12.1%) had no improvement or were worse, and 1/33(3%) @entity0 died from an unrelated @entity1 . On follow-up bronchoscopy, performed in 28 @entity0 , airway narrowing improved significantly from 3.5 to 2.03 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Initial experience with SC for benign airway strictures suggests that this can be used safely. This is effective in improving symptoms and reducing the severity of airway narrowing. Re-intervention is still required. Further study should be undertaken to determine factors that may be associated with success or failure as well as the relative efficacy of SC compared with other endoscopic therapies.

title: Feasibility of spray cryotherapy and XXXX for non-malignant strictures of the airway.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early identification of determinants of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) treatment failure is urgently needed in resource-limited settings. This study describes the profile and determinants of @entity1 treatment failure in a high-incidence setting where @entity0 were managed at a @entity1 control program with significant resource limitations. METHODS: This was a retrospective case-control study carried out in one tertiary and one secondary hospital in Southeastern Nigeria. Cases were adult (   15years) @entity1 @entity0 with a positive sputum smear after 5months of treatment (treatment failure). Controls were adult @entity1 @entity0 whose sputum smear was positive at the beginning of the treatment but who were smear-negative in the last month of treatment and on at least one previous occasion (cured). Cases were compared with controls to assess determinants of treatment failure. RESULTS: Of the 1668 @entity1 @entity0 registered during the study period, 985 (59%) had smear-positive @entity2 . Of these, 694 (70.5%) were aged    40years, 602 (61.1%) were males, 707 (71.8%) were rural residents, and 898 (91.2%) received care at the private facility. The prevalence of treatment failure was 2.5%. Significant determinants of treatment failure were: older age (>40years) (P<0.001), male gender (P=0.04), previous treatment for @entity1 (P=0.045), and positive sputum smears after two month of anti- @entity1 treatment (0.001). CONCLUSION: This study showed that the treatment failure rate among smear-positive @entity1 @entity0 is low in Nigeria. Education and improved clinical and laboratory interventions for the identified at-risk groups may reduce @entity1 treatment failure in resource-limited settings.

title: Profile and determinants of treatment failure among smear-positive XXXX @entity0 in Ebonyi, Southeastern Nigeria.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early identification of determinants of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) treatment failure is urgently needed in resource-limited settings. This study describes the profile and determinants of @entity1 treatment failure in a high-incidence setting where @entity0 were managed at a @entity1 control program with significant resource limitations. METHODS: This was a retrospective case-control study carried out in one tertiary and one secondary hospital in Southeastern Nigeria. Cases were adult (   15years) @entity1 @entity0 with a positive sputum smear after 5months of treatment (treatment failure). Controls were adult @entity1 @entity0 whose sputum smear was positive at the beginning of the treatment but who were smear-negative in the last month of treatment and on at least one previous occasion (cured). Cases were compared with controls to assess determinants of treatment failure. RESULTS: Of the 1668 @entity1 @entity0 registered during the study period, 985 (59%) had smear-positive @entity2 . Of these, 694 (70.5%) were aged    40years, 602 (61.1%) were males, 707 (71.8%) were rural residents, and 898 (91.2%) received care at the private facility. The prevalence of treatment failure was 2.5%. Significant determinants of treatment failure were: older age (>40years) (P<0.001), male gender (P=0.04), previous treatment for @entity1 (P=0.045), and positive sputum smears after two month of anti- @entity1 treatment (0.001). CONCLUSION: This study showed that the treatment failure rate among smear-positive @entity1 @entity0 is low in Nigeria. Education and improved clinical and laboratory interventions for the identified at-risk groups may reduce @entity1 treatment failure in resource-limited settings.

title: Profile and determinants of treatment failure among smear-positive @entity2 XXXX in Ebonyi, Southeastern Nigeria.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 in @entity6 has received little attention due to the often more disabling ocular, orofacial and skeletal manifestations. Estimates suggest a global prevalence of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) ranging from 50  % to about 100  % though, depending on the underlying Stickler genotype. By performing extensive audiometric analysis in Stickler @entity0 , we aimed to further elucidate the auditory phenotype. Twenty molecularly confirmed Stickler @entity0 (age 10-62  year), of whom sixteen with @entity7 ( @entity4 mutation) and four with @entity8 ( @entity9 mutation) underwent an otological questionnaire, clinical examination, pure tone and speech audiometry, tympanometry and otoacoustic emission testing. Cross-sectional and longitudinal regression analysis of the audiograms was performed to assess progression. In @entity7 , 75  % demonstrated @entity3 , predominantly in the high frequencies. No significant progression beyond presbyacusis was observed. All @entity1 2 Stickler @entity0 exhibited mild-to-moderate low- and mid-frequency @entity5 and moderate-to-severe high-frequency @entity5 . In both types, @entity3 was observed in childhood. Otoacoustic emissions were only detectable in 7/40 ears and had very low amplitudes, even in frequency bands with normal hearing on pure tone audiometry. Type 1 @entity6 is characterized by a mild high-frequency @entity5 , emerging in childhood and non-progressive. Absent otoacoustic emissions are a frequent finding. @entity0 with @entity8 exhibit early-onset moderate @entity5 affecting all frequencies with a sloping audiogram. Taking into account the @entity2 in many @entity0 , we recommend regular auditory follow-up in @entity0 with @entity6 , especially in childhood.

title: Auditory phenotype in XXXX : results of audiometric analysis in 20 @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 in @entity6 has received little attention due to the often more disabling ocular, orofacial and skeletal manifestations. Estimates suggest a global prevalence of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) ranging from 50  % to about 100  % though, depending on the underlying Stickler genotype. By performing extensive audiometric analysis in Stickler @entity0 , we aimed to further elucidate the auditory phenotype. Twenty molecularly confirmed Stickler @entity0 (age 10-62  year), of whom sixteen with @entity7 ( @entity4 mutation) and four with @entity8 ( @entity9 mutation) underwent an otological questionnaire, clinical examination, pure tone and speech audiometry, tympanometry and otoacoustic emission testing. Cross-sectional and longitudinal regression analysis of the audiograms was performed to assess progression. In @entity7 , 75  % demonstrated @entity3 , predominantly in the high frequencies. No significant progression beyond presbyacusis was observed. All @entity1 2 Stickler @entity0 exhibited mild-to-moderate low- and mid-frequency @entity5 and moderate-to-severe high-frequency @entity5 . In both types, @entity3 was observed in childhood. Otoacoustic emissions were only detectable in 7/40 ears and had very low amplitudes, even in frequency bands with normal hearing on pure tone audiometry. Type 1 @entity6 is characterized by a mild high-frequency @entity5 , emerging in childhood and non-progressive. Absent otoacoustic emissions are a frequent finding. @entity0 with @entity8 exhibit early-onset moderate @entity5 affecting all frequencies with a sloping audiogram. Taking into account the @entity2 in many @entity0 , we recommend regular auditory follow-up in @entity0 with @entity6 , especially in childhood.

title: Auditory phenotype in @entity6 : results of audiometric analysis in 20 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 are rare. We report on a case. To our knowledge, 34 cases have been described to date. These @entity0 were asymptomatic and non-secreting. Diagnosis was made on histologic exam. Oncocytic cells were marked by the increased number of @entity2 . The etiology remained unknown. The prognosis was good despite the fact that three cases were considered as @entity1 and 10 others considered as @entity0 of uncertain malignant potential. All @entity0 were cured by surgery. Management and follow-up were established upon prognosis.

title: [ XXXX : case report and review of literature].

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent studies mainly deal with the relevance of antibiotics in the treatment of complicated @entity4 (cSSTIs) with or without @entity3 . The impact of surgical source control for severely ill @entity0 with @entity3 is underrepresented in the literature. This review tries to add new information on this topic. RECENT FINDINGS: Source control in cSSTI ranges from removal of central venous catheters to radical debridement of extensive body areas. Necrotizing soft tissue infections serve as a model disease for the value of surgical measures in severe cSSTI. Early diagnosis and timing of surgical intervention, the necessary extent of surgery and the assessment of adjunctive therapies (hyperbaric oxygenation, intravenous immunoglobulins) have been recently investigated. SUMMARY: The evidence for simple source control measures (i.e., opening and drainage of an abscess) remains low, but appears to be self-evident. Radical debridement remains the standard of care for those @entity0 with soft tissue @entity3 because of @entity2 soft tissue infections. Surgical treatment should be performed latest within 12h after admission. The value of other adjunctive measures (hyperbaric @entity1 therapy, intravenous immunoglobulins) is uncertain. Only an aggressive approach offers the possibility to save life and limbs of the affected @entity0 .

title: The importance of source control in the management of severe XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity8 ) is a commonly used drug to treat diverse @entity1 types. However, its treatment can generate resistance and the mechanisms of @entity8 -resistance in @entity0 are still unclear. We demonstrated that @entity3 ( @entity3 ) survive @entity8 treatment. Compared with the progenitor NSCLC A549 cells, the @entity8 -resistant A549 cells (A549/ @entity8 ) displayed enhanced sphere-formation ability. The proportion of the @entity1 stem cell marker, @entity9 dehydrogenase-positive cells, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling protein levels were also elevated in A549/ @entity8 . Importantly, the levels of oncoproteins phosphoinositide-3 kinase/ @entity2 , @entity5 cytoplasmic domain ( @entity5 -C) and @entity7 were also significantly elevated in A549/ @entity8 . Furthermore, nuclear translocation of @entity5 -C and @entity7 increased in A549/ @entity8 . The @entity10 protein, an activator of @entity5 -C, was also overexpressed in A549/ @entity8 . These observations led to the hypothesis that enhanced expression of @entity5 -C is associated with @entity6 and @entity8 resistance in @entity3 . To test this, we knocked down or overexpressed @entity5 -C in A549/ @entity8 and found that inhibition of @entity5 -C expression coupled with @entity8 treatment was sufficient to reduce the sphere-forming ability and survival of A549/ @entity8 . In summary, our in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed a potential mechanism of @entity5 -C-mediated @entity8 resistance and provided insights into a novel therapeutic measure for @entity0 .

title: @entity5 -mediated chemo-resistance in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity8 ) is a commonly used drug to treat diverse @entity1 types. However, its treatment can generate resistance and the mechanisms of @entity8 -resistance in @entity0 are still unclear. We demonstrated that @entity3 ( @entity3 ) survive @entity8 treatment. Compared with the progenitor NSCLC A549 cells, the @entity8 -resistant A549 cells (A549/ @entity8 ) displayed enhanced sphere-formation ability. The proportion of the @entity1 stem cell marker, @entity9 dehydrogenase-positive cells, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling protein levels were also elevated in A549/ @entity8 . Importantly, the levels of oncoproteins phosphoinositide-3 kinase/ @entity2 , @entity5 cytoplasmic domain ( @entity5 -C) and @entity7 were also significantly elevated in A549/ @entity8 . Furthermore, nuclear translocation of @entity5 -C and @entity7 increased in A549/ @entity8 . The @entity10 protein, an activator of @entity5 -C, was also overexpressed in A549/ @entity8 . These observations led to the hypothesis that enhanced expression of @entity5 -C is associated with @entity6 and @entity8 resistance in @entity3 . To test this, we knocked down or overexpressed @entity5 -C in A549/ @entity8 and found that inhibition of @entity5 -C expression coupled with @entity8 treatment was sufficient to reduce the sphere-forming ability and survival of A549/ @entity8 . In summary, our in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed a potential mechanism of @entity5 -C-mediated @entity8 resistance and provided insights into a novel therapeutic measure for @entity0 .

title: XXXX -mediated chemo-resistance in @entity0 cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: In the context of adolescents' subjective well-being (SWB), research has recently focused on a number of different school variables. The direction of the relationships between adolescents' SWB, @entity1 achievement, and test @entity0 is, however, still open although reciprocal causation has been hypothesized. The present study set out to investigate to what extent SWB, @entity1 achievement, and test @entity0 influence each other over time. A sample of N = 290 11th grade students (n = 138 female; age: M = 16.54 years, SD = 0.57) completed measures of SWB and test @entity0 in the time span of 1 year. Grade point average (GPA) indicated students' @entity1 achievement. We analyzed the reciprocal relations using cross-lagged structural equation modeling. The model fit was satisfactory for all computed models. Results indicated that the worry component of test @entity0 negatively and GPA positively predicted changes in the cognitive component of SWB (life satisfaction). Worry also negatively predicted changes in the affective component of SWB. Moreover, worry negatively predicted changes in students' GPA. Directions for future research and the differential predictive influences of @entity1 achievement and test @entity0 on adolescents' SWB are discussed with regard to potential underlying processes.

title: Subjective Well-Being, Test Anxiety, XXXX Achievement: Testing for Reciprocal Effects.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The treatment of @entity0 by neuromodulation is an objective for more than 40 years in modern clinical practice. With respect to spinal cord and deep brain structures, the cerebral cortex is the most recently evaluated target of invasive neuromodulation therapy for @entity1 . In the early 90s, the first successes of invasive epidural motor cortex stimulation (EMCS) were published. A few years later was developed repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a noninvasive stimulation technique. Then, electrical transcranial stimulation returned valid and is currently in full development, with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Regarding transcranial approaches, the main studied and validated target was still the motor cortex, but other cortical targets are under investigation. The mechanisms of action of these techniques share similarities, especially between EMCS and rTMS, but they also have differences that could justify specific indications and applications. It is therefore important to know the principles and to assess the merit of these techniques on the basis of a rigorous assessment of the results, to avoid fad. Various types of chronic @entity0 syndromes can be significantly relieved by EMCS or repeated daily sessions of high-frequency (5-20 Hz) rTMS or anodal tDCS over weeks, at least when @entity1 is lateralized and stimulation is applied to the motor cortex contralateral to @entity1 side. However, cortical stimulation therapy remains to be optimized, especially by improving EMCS electrode design, rTMS targeting, or tDCS montage, to reduce the rate of nonresponders, who do not experience clinically relevant effects of these techniques.

title: Cortical neurostimulation for XXXX : state of the art and perspectives.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the first months of life the subcortical @entity4 appears prone to fluid accumulation and cystic change. This condition has generally been considered to be due to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and is grouped with other forms of @entity4 including @entity6 ( @entity6 ). AIMS: Our aim was to describe the sequential tissue changes in the formation of @entity6 in the @entity0 brain and to delineate this from other forms of @entity4 in order to better understand its pathogenesis and aetiology. STUDY DESIGN: Standard samples of the frontal lobe, including subcortical @entity4 , were stained to demonstrate the cellular processes responsible for subcortical cyst formation in @entity0 who had died from @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity1 . Cases were of @entity0 who had survived for known periods after collapse in order to determine the time course of the pathological changes. SUBJECTS: 20 @entity0 under 5 months of age with global @entity5 and no other primary brain pathology, and who had survived for between 2h and 13 days after collapse. OUTCOME MEASURES: The description of the sequential changes leading to subcortical cyst formation in @entity0 after severe global @entity5 . RESULTS: With increasing time of survival after global @entity5 the subcortical @entity4 became more oedematous. @entity3 were seen after one day but were most common in @entity0 surviving more than 5 days. Cysts were not associated with cellular responses and seemed to be the result of fluid accumulation. The pathology was quite distinct from @entity6 which is due to tissue @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 results from fluid accumulation and not @entity2 . Predisposition to fluid accumulation may be age-related and due to impairment of fluid handling pathways which remain immature in this age group. Potential mechanisms are discussed.

title: @entity0 XXXX : a distinct pathological entity resulting from impaired fluid handling.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the first months of life the subcortical @entity4 appears prone to fluid accumulation and cystic change. This condition has generally been considered to be due to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and is grouped with other forms of @entity4 including @entity6 ( @entity6 ). AIMS: Our aim was to describe the sequential tissue changes in the formation of @entity6 in the @entity0 brain and to delineate this from other forms of @entity4 in order to better understand its pathogenesis and aetiology. STUDY DESIGN: Standard samples of the frontal lobe, including subcortical @entity4 , were stained to demonstrate the cellular processes responsible for subcortical cyst formation in @entity0 who had died from @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity1 . Cases were of @entity0 who had survived for known periods after collapse in order to determine the time course of the pathological changes. SUBJECTS: 20 @entity0 under 5 months of age with global @entity5 and no other primary brain pathology, and who had survived for between 2h and 13 days after collapse. OUTCOME MEASURES: The description of the sequential changes leading to subcortical cyst formation in @entity0 after severe global @entity5 . RESULTS: With increasing time of survival after global @entity5 the subcortical @entity4 became more oedematous. @entity3 were seen after one day but were most common in @entity0 surviving more than 5 days. Cysts were not associated with cellular responses and seemed to be the result of fluid accumulation. The pathology was quite distinct from @entity6 which is due to tissue @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 results from fluid accumulation and not @entity2 . Predisposition to fluid accumulation may be age-related and due to impairment of fluid handling pathways which remain immature in this age group. Potential mechanisms are discussed.

title: XXXX @entity6 : a distinct pathological entity resulting from impaired fluid handling.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical effects of clavicular hook plate fixation, coracoid transplantation, and clavicular hook plate fixation combined with modified dynamic muscle transfer for the treatment of the @entity4 . METHODS: From January 2006 to November 2009, 65 @entity0 with sustained @entity4 were treated with clavicular hook plate fixation, coracoid transplantation,and clavicular hook plate fixation combined with modified dynamic muscle transfer. All the @entity0 were divided into three groups: 22 @entity0 in group A were treated with clavicular hook plate fixation, including 17 males and 5 females, with an average age of (31.0 +/- 10.0) years; 21 @entity0 in group B were treated with coracoid transplantation, including 16 males and 5 females,with an average age of (33.0 +/- 6.4) years; 22 @entity0 in group C were treated with clavicular hook plate fixation combined with modified dynamic muscle transfer,including 18 males and 4 females, with an average age of (30.0 +/- 5.3) years. Postoperative functional recovery was evaluated by Karlsson criteria. RESULTS: All the @entity0 were followed up, and the duration ranged from half to three years (averaged 1.5 years). In group A, 8 @entity0 got half re-dislocation, 2 @entity0 got complete re-dislocation and @entity2 of @entity3 after internal fixations removal, 1 @entity0 had clavicular hook plate broken after operation. In group B, 7 @entity0 got half re-dislocation, 1 @entity0 got complete re-dislocation,and 5 @entity0 had @entity2 of @entity3 with acute @entity1 and limited shoulder function after internal fixations removal. In group C,2 @entity0 got half re-dislocation, no complete re-dislocation and @entity2 of @entity3 occurred after internal fixations removal. According to Karlsson evaluation, in group A, 12 @entity0 obtained an excellent result, 8 good and 2 poor; in group B, the data were 9, 7 and 5 respectively; in group C, they were 20, 2 and 0 respectively. There were remarkable differences of therapeutic effects between the clavicular hook plate fixation combined with modified dynamic muscle transfer and that with either of the former two treatment methods (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Clavicular hook plate combined with modified dynamic muscle transfer is a reliable and good treatment for the @entity4 , with advantages such as easy to handle,stable fixation and early exercise.

title: [Controlled clinical trials on different surgical methods for the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Eliciting @entity0 preferences within the context of shared decision making has been advocated for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) screening, yet providers often fail to comply with @entity0 preferences that differ from their own. PURPOSE: To determine whether risk stratification for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) influences provider willingness to comply with @entity0 preferences when selecting a desired @entity1 screening option. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING/ @entity0 : Asymptomatic, average-risk @entity0 due for @entity1 screening in an urban safety net health care setting. INTERVENTION: @entity0 were randomized 1:1 to a decision aid alone (n= 168) or decision aid plus risk assessment (n= 173) arm between September 2012 and September 2014. OUTCOMES: The primary outcome was concordance between @entity0 preference and test ordered; secondary outcomes included @entity0 satisfaction with the decision-making process, screening intentions, test completion rates, and provider satisfaction. RESULTS: Although providers perceived risk stratification to be useful in selecting an appropriate screening test for their average-risk @entity0 , no significant differences in concordance were observed between the decision aid alone and decision aid plus risk assessment groups (88.1% v. 85.0%,P= 0.40) or high- and low-risk groups (84.5% v. 87.1%,P= 0.51). Concordance was highest for colonoscopy and relatively low for tests other than colonoscopy, regardless of study arm or risk group. Failure to comply with @entity0 preferences was negatively associated with satisfaction with the decision-making process, screening intentions, and test completion rates. LIMITATIONS: Single-institution setting; lack of provider education about the utility of risk stratification into their decision making. CONCLUSIONS: Providers perceived risk stratification to be useful in their decision making but often failed to comply with @entity0 preferences for tests other than colonoscopy, even among those deemed to be at low risk of @entity1 .

title: Risk Stratification and Shared Decision Making for XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to explore @entity4 and its pattern in chronic @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: Autonomic function using five standard tests was examined in 20 @entity1 @entity0 with CKD, 20 age and sex matched @entity1 @entity0 without CKD and 20 age and sex matched controls. Analysis of difference between the autonomic function was done in the three groups using Chi-square test or Fischer's test. RESULTS: Total 20 (100%) @entity1 @entity0 were found to have @entity5 . Of these, 2 (10%) @entity0 had early parasympathetic damage, 8 (40%) @entity0 had @entity3 , and 10 (50%) @entity0 had combined damage. Heart rate response to standing was statistically significant (p = 0.014) among @entity1 @entity0 when compared with @entity1 @entity0 without CKD. Combined form of @entity6 was more frequent in advanced stages of @entity1 . Three (42.85%) @entity0 in stage 3 CKD, 4 (66.66%) @entity0 in stage 4 CKD and 5 (71.42%) @entity0 in stage 5 CKD, had combined autonomic failure. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 is common in native Nepalese @entity1 @entity0 . Heart rate response to standing is significantly abnormal in @entity1 @entity0 in comparison with @entity1 @entity0 without CKD. Severity of @entity6 increases with severity of CKD..

title: XXXX in chronic kidney diseases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Phytochemicals modulate key cellular signaling pathways and have proven anticancer effects. @entity11 ( @entity11 ; Hollyhock) is an ornamental plant with known anti-inflammatory properties. This study explored its role as an anti- @entity0 agent. The @entity11 seed extract ( @entity11 extract) inhibited proliferation and colony formation in a dose and time dependent manner and promoted apoptosis as was evidenced by cleavage of @entity7 and increased expression of @entity1 accompanying reduced levels of @entity4 protein in HCT116 and SW480 cells, respectively. In addition, @entity11 extract arrested cells at Go/G1 phase of cell cycle and exhibited decreases in @entity6 . @entity11 extract-treated cells exhibited reduced number and size of colonospheres in a dose-dependent manner concomitant with decreases in @entity0 stem cell (CSC) markers @entity8 and @entity9 . Relative levels of @entity5 , Notch-ICD, @entity3 and @entity10 were also attenuated by @entity11 extract. TOP-flash reporter activity, a measure of Wnt signaling, decreased significantly in response to treatment while overexpression of wild type but not mutant @entity10 , reversed the inhibitory effects. Moreover, @entity12 (a Wnt antagonist) promoter activity increased dramatically following treatment with @entity11 extract which phenocopied increases in @entity12 reporter activity following @entity10 knockdown. In vivo, @entity11 extract @entity0 growth due probably to reduced levels of @entity10 , @entity5 , @entity6 and Ki-67 along with reduced levels of CSC markers. Since partial purification via HPLC yielded a prominent peak, efforts are underway to identify the active ingredient(s). Taken together, the results clearly suggest that @entity11 extract/active component(s) can be an effective preventative/therapeutic agent to target @entity2 .

title: An ornamental plant targets epigenetic signaling to XXXX stem cell-driven colon carcinogenesis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Surgical resection is the gold standard in treatment of @entity3 , giving the @entity0 the best chance to be cured. The liver has a unique capacity to regenerate. However, an inflammatory response occurs during resection, in part mediated by Kupffer cells, that influences the speed of regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a Kupffer cell targeted anti-inflammatory treatment on liver regeneration in @entity2 . METHODS: Two sets of animals, each including four groups of eight @entity2 , were included. Paired groups from each set received treatment with placebo, low dose @entity5 , high dose @entity5 or low dose anti- @entity8 @entity5 . Subsequently, the @entity2 underwent 70% partial hepatectomy. The two sets were evaluated on postoperative day 2 or 5, respectively. Blood was drawn for circulating markers of @entity1 and @entity4 tissue was sampled for analysis of regeneration rate and proliferation index. RESULTS: The high dose @entity5 group had significantly lower body and liver weight than the placebo and anti- @entity8 -dex groups. There were no differences in liver regeneration rates between groups. Hepatocyte proliferation was completed faster in the placebo group, although this was not significant. The anti- @entity8 -dex group showed increased blood levels of albumin and @entity6 aminotransferase and a diminished inflammatory response in terms of significantly reduced @entity7 , a2-macroglobulin and Interleukine-6. CONCLUSION: Low dose @entity5 targeted to Kupffer cells does not affect histological liver cell regeneration after 70% hepatectomy in @entity2 , but reduces the inflammatory response judged by circulating markers of @entity1 .

title: Anti-inflammatory liposomes have no impact on liver regeneration in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We describe the pathomorphologic features of 29 autopsy cases of @entity3 -related @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of the liver. The average (+/- SD) latent period after @entity3 injection was 36.2 +/- 5.2 years. Macroscopically, @entity3 -related @entity5 was divided into four types as follows: diffuse micronodular, multinodular, massive, and mixed multinodular and massive. Diffuse-micronodular and multinodular types were the most common. Histologically, @entity3 -related hepatic @entity5 was characterized by two cell types (spindle-shaped cells and polyhedral cells) and two structural patterns (sinusoidal and solid). There was no case composed of a solid pattern only. Immunohistochemically, factor VIII-related antigen was found to be positive in the endothelial cells of normal blood vessels and in the @entity4 endothelial cells of the sinusoids, but negative in the @entity0 cells. @entity2 was found in both the @entity0 and nontumorous areas in four cases. Erythrophagocytosis by the @entity0 cells was found in three cases. In the nontumorous area, varying degrees of @entity1 with frequent @entity4 changes of the sinusoidal lining cells were observed in all cases. These sinusoidal changes were frequently contiguous to @entity5 foci and were considered as a precursor change. In addition to the dominant sinusoidal changes, nodular hepatocytic hyperplasia was observed in two cases.

title: XXXX -related angiosarcoma of the liver. Pathomorphologic study of 29 autopsy cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The impact of Medicare's diagnosis-related group (DRG)-based reimbursement system was examined for care given to 734 @entity2 @entity0 discharged from a teaching hospital during a 2-year period. The analysis accounted for length of stay "outliers" as defined by Medicare and distinguished costs from charges. Excluding outliers, DRG reimbursement would result in net revenues to the hospital of +1,126 per DRG 240 @entity0 and  1,794 per DRG 241 @entity0 . The difference between DRGs in cost per @entity0 was significant, indicating that DRGs clearly identify 2 groups of @entity2 @entity0 . After excluding outliers, the coefficients of variation in costs for DRGs 240 and 241 were 72% and 80%, respectively, which although high, were average for DRGs at our institution. Mean total charge per @entity0 was different for groups defined by their primary rheumatologic diagnosis in DRG 240 but not DRG 241. For @entity1 and @entity3 @entity0 , the total charge per @entity0 did not differ, but the types of services did. The cost of treating outliers would create an average loss per outlier of  18,400 and  16,500, respectively, in DRGs 240 and 241. Outliers accounted for 34.5% and 21.8% of the 2 DRGs' total costs, respectively, but only 6.4% and 3.6% of the total number of @entity0 . Under current DRG reimbursement rates, the cost of care for rheumatology @entity0 would be adequately reimbursed in our hospital: losses from outliers would be offset by net revenues from inliers as long as current Medicare adjustments for capital and medical education costs were continued.

title: Impact of diagnosis-related group-based reimbursement for treatment of XXXX in a teaching hospital.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A family of @entity6 complicated by multiple diverse primary @entity7 was reported. Case 1. The proband, born in 1923, was admitted to the Nagasaki University Hospital on @entity12 , 1974, for evaluation of @entity1 and @entity3 . Neurological examination disclosed: decreased visual acuity on the right: bilateral choked discs; anisocoria, right pupil wider than left; right @entity9 ; artificially fixed @entity4 ; right facial @entity5 ; markedly impaired hearing with negative vestibular responses to caloric test; paralysis of the right soft palate and vocal cord; @entity2 of the right side of the tongue; right @entity10 with positive Froment's sign; left drop foot; loss of deep reflexes on the left arm and legs; positive Babinski on the right. Nerve conduction studies revealed failure to evoke muscle action potential in response to electric nerve stimulation on the left ulnar and right superficial peroneal nerves. Needle electromyography showed no motor unit potentials in the left first dorsal interosseus and right anterior tibial muscles. Sensory nerve action potentials could not be evoked on any nerves tested. X-ray films showed enlargement of the internal auditory passages, falx @entity0 on brain scan and carotid angiography, and @entity0 on myelography. At craniotomy, a 7 X 5.5 X 4 cm falx @entity8 was removed. At suboccipital craniotomy performed five weeks later, right @entity11 measuring 1.5 cm in diameter was removed. Case 2. This relative, born in 1945, was the son of the proband. A @entity8 at C 7-T 1 was removed in 1957. However, he could not walk after operation and died of pneumonia two years later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A family of von @entity6 complicated by mononeuritis multiplex, bilateral acoustic neurinomas, and falx and XXXX ].

answer: @entity8


abstract: A family of @entity6 complicated by multiple diverse primary @entity7 was reported. Case 1. The proband, born in 1923, was admitted to the Nagasaki University Hospital on @entity12 , 1974, for evaluation of @entity1 and @entity3 . Neurological examination disclosed: decreased visual acuity on the right: bilateral choked discs; anisocoria, right pupil wider than left; right @entity9 ; artificially fixed @entity4 ; right facial @entity5 ; markedly impaired hearing with negative vestibular responses to caloric test; paralysis of the right soft palate and vocal cord; @entity2 of the right side of the tongue; right @entity10 with positive Froment's sign; left drop foot; loss of deep reflexes on the left arm and legs; positive Babinski on the right. Nerve conduction studies revealed failure to evoke muscle action potential in response to electric nerve stimulation on the left ulnar and right superficial peroneal nerves. Needle electromyography showed no motor unit potentials in the left first dorsal interosseus and right anterior tibial muscles. Sensory nerve action potentials could not be evoked on any nerves tested. X-ray films showed enlargement of the internal auditory passages, falx @entity0 on brain scan and carotid angiography, and @entity0 on myelography. At craniotomy, a 7 X 5.5 X 4 cm falx @entity8 was removed. At suboccipital craniotomy performed five weeks later, right @entity11 measuring 1.5 cm in diameter was removed. Case 2. This relative, born in 1945, was the son of the proband. A @entity8 at C 7-T 1 was removed in 1957. However, he could not walk after operation and died of pneumonia two years later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A family of von XXXX complicated by mononeuritis multiplex, bilateral acoustic neurinomas, and falx and @entity8 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To conduct a quantitative PET assessment of the specific binding sites in the brain of juvenile @entity1 for @entity5 , a novel @entity6 derivative targeting a7 nicotinic @entity0 receptors (a7 nAChRs). METHODS: Dynamic PET recordings were made in @entity2 -anaesthetized juvenile @entity1 during 120 min after administration of @entity5 under baseline conditions (n = 3) and after blocking of the a7 nAChR with @entity4 (3 mg  kg(-1) bolus + 1 mg  kg(-1)  h(-1) continuous infusion; n = 3). Arterial plasma samples were collected for determining the input function of the unmetabolized tracer. Kinetic analysis of regional brain time-radioactivity curves was performed, and parametric maps were calculated relative to arterial input. RESULTS: Plasma @entity5 passed readily into the brain, with peak uptake occurring in a7 nAChR-expressing brain regions such as the colliculi, thalamus, temporal lobe and hippocampus. The highest SUV(max) was approximately 2.3, whereas the lowest uptake was in the olfactory bulb (SUV(max) 1.53    0.32). Administration of @entity4 significantly decreased @entity5 binding late in the emission recording throughout the brain, except in the olfactory bulb, which was therefore chosen as reference region for calculation of BP( @entity3 ). The baseline BP( @entity3 ) ranged from 0.39    0.08 in the cerebellum to 0.76    0.07 in the temporal lobe. Pretreatment and constant infusion with @entity4 significantly reduced the BP( @entity3 ) in regions with high @entity5 binding (temporal lobe -29%, p = 0.01; midbrain: -35%, p = 0.02), without significantly altering the BP( @entity3 ) in low binding regions (cerebellum: -16%, p = 0.2). CONCLUSION: This study confirms the potential of @entity5 as a target-specific radiotracer for the molecular imaging of central a7 nAChRs by PET.

title: Assessment of a7 nicotinic XXXX receptor availability in juvenile @entity1 brain with [     F]NS10743.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To conduct a quantitative PET assessment of the specific binding sites in the brain of juvenile @entity1 for @entity5 , a novel @entity6 derivative targeting a7 nicotinic @entity0 receptors (a7 nAChRs). METHODS: Dynamic PET recordings were made in @entity2 -anaesthetized juvenile @entity1 during 120 min after administration of @entity5 under baseline conditions (n = 3) and after blocking of the a7 nAChR with @entity4 (3 mg  kg(-1) bolus + 1 mg  kg(-1)  h(-1) continuous infusion; n = 3). Arterial plasma samples were collected for determining the input function of the unmetabolized tracer. Kinetic analysis of regional brain time-radioactivity curves was performed, and parametric maps were calculated relative to arterial input. RESULTS: Plasma @entity5 passed readily into the brain, with peak uptake occurring in a7 nAChR-expressing brain regions such as the colliculi, thalamus, temporal lobe and hippocampus. The highest SUV(max) was approximately 2.3, whereas the lowest uptake was in the olfactory bulb (SUV(max) 1.53    0.32). Administration of @entity4 significantly decreased @entity5 binding late in the emission recording throughout the brain, except in the olfactory bulb, which was therefore chosen as reference region for calculation of BP( @entity3 ). The baseline BP( @entity3 ) ranged from 0.39    0.08 in the cerebellum to 0.76    0.07 in the temporal lobe. Pretreatment and constant infusion with @entity4 significantly reduced the BP( @entity3 ) in regions with high @entity5 binding (temporal lobe -29%, p = 0.01; midbrain: -35%, p = 0.02), without significantly altering the BP( @entity3 ) in low binding regions (cerebellum: -16%, p = 0.2). CONCLUSION: This study confirms the potential of @entity5 as a target-specific radiotracer for the molecular imaging of central a7 nAChRs by PET.

title: Assessment of a7 nicotinic @entity0 receptor availability in juvenile XXXX brain with [     F]NS10743.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aims to report on catathrenia occurring in @entity4 with @entity5 (NC) @entity0 under @entity7 (SO) treatment. Catathrenia is a @entity6 characterized by groaning and an abnormal respiratory pattern during sleep. METHODS: Fifty-one @entity0 with NC and starting SO therapy underwent a baseline overnight polysomnography (PSG) to detect any @entity3 ( @entity3 ). To avoid risks due to a possible central respiratory control @entity2 by SO, all @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were treated with a nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) device. After 2  months of treatment with SO, all @entity0 underwent a follow-up overnight PSG to investigate possible newly occurring @entity3 . They also underwent a semi-structured clinical interview to monitor other potential SO side effects. RESULTS: At baseline, four out of 51 @entity0 showed simple snoring, and eight, mild to severe @entity1 . After a titration PSG night, @entity0 with @entity1 received a nCPAP device. After 2  months of SO treatment, 28 @entity0 (54.9%) showed SO-related side effects, including @entity3 in 11 (21.6%). The follow-up PSG showed a respiratory pattern characteristic of catathrenia in seven @entity0 (13.7%) as a newly observed and possibly benign SO side effect, and ruled out a worsening of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Catathrenia should be considered a possible side effect in NC @entity0 under SO treatment and should be accurately identified to prevent unnecessary SO withdrawal.

title: Catathrenia under @entity7 in @entity4 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aims to report on catathrenia occurring in @entity4 with @entity5 (NC) @entity0 under @entity7 (SO) treatment. Catathrenia is a @entity6 characterized by groaning and an abnormal respiratory pattern during sleep. METHODS: Fifty-one @entity0 with NC and starting SO therapy underwent a baseline overnight polysomnography (PSG) to detect any @entity3 ( @entity3 ). To avoid risks due to a possible central respiratory control @entity2 by SO, all @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were treated with a nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) device. After 2  months of treatment with SO, all @entity0 underwent a follow-up overnight PSG to investigate possible newly occurring @entity3 . They also underwent a semi-structured clinical interview to monitor other potential SO side effects. RESULTS: At baseline, four out of 51 @entity0 showed simple snoring, and eight, mild to severe @entity1 . After a titration PSG night, @entity0 with @entity1 received a nCPAP device. After 2  months of SO treatment, 28 @entity0 (54.9%) showed SO-related side effects, including @entity3 in 11 (21.6%). The follow-up PSG showed a respiratory pattern characteristic of catathrenia in seven @entity0 (13.7%) as a newly observed and possibly benign SO side effect, and ruled out a worsening of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Catathrenia should be considered a possible side effect in NC @entity0 under SO treatment and should be accurately identified to prevent unnecessary SO withdrawal.

title: Catathrenia under @entity7 in XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aims to report on catathrenia occurring in @entity4 with @entity5 (NC) @entity0 under @entity7 (SO) treatment. Catathrenia is a @entity6 characterized by groaning and an abnormal respiratory pattern during sleep. METHODS: Fifty-one @entity0 with NC and starting SO therapy underwent a baseline overnight polysomnography (PSG) to detect any @entity3 ( @entity3 ). To avoid risks due to a possible central respiratory control @entity2 by SO, all @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were treated with a nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) device. After 2  months of treatment with SO, all @entity0 underwent a follow-up overnight PSG to investigate possible newly occurring @entity3 . They also underwent a semi-structured clinical interview to monitor other potential SO side effects. RESULTS: At baseline, four out of 51 @entity0 showed simple snoring, and eight, mild to severe @entity1 . After a titration PSG night, @entity0 with @entity1 received a nCPAP device. After 2  months of SO treatment, 28 @entity0 (54.9%) showed SO-related side effects, including @entity3 in 11 (21.6%). The follow-up PSG showed a respiratory pattern characteristic of catathrenia in seven @entity0 (13.7%) as a newly observed and possibly benign SO side effect, and ruled out a worsening of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Catathrenia should be considered a possible side effect in NC @entity0 under SO treatment and should be accurately identified to prevent unnecessary SO withdrawal.

title: Catathrenia under XXXX in @entity4 with @entity5 .

answer: @entity7