abstract: INTRODUCTION: The role of surgery in the management of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is controversial and there are no established guidelines. We describe the feasibility and long-term outcomes associated with Radical Pleurectomy (RP) as surgical therapy modality in a standardized trimodality therapy concept of @entity3 . METHODS: From November 2002 to October 2007, 35 out of 102 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 were enrolled in our prospective database. They underwent trimodality therapy, including RP followed by 4 cycles of chemotherapy with @entity2 (75 mg/m(2))/Pemetrexed (500 mg/m(2)) and radiotherapy 4-6 weeks after operation. RESULTS: Median age was 65 years. Nineteen @entity0 were in advanced stages III and IV (54.3%). @entity1 histology was epithelial in 27 @entity0 (77.1%). Macroscopic complete resection could be achieved in 18 @entity0 (51.4%). Surgical morbidity/mortality and trimodality treatment-related mortality were 20.0%, 2.9% and 5.8%, respectively. Thirty-three @entity0 completed the trimodality therapy. Median follow-up was 21.7 months. Overall median survival was 30.0 months. One-, 2-, and 3-year-survival were 69%, 50% and 31%, respectively. Advanced stages III/IV (p=0.06), macroscopic incomplete resections (p=0.001), non-epithelial histology (p=0.55) and nodal metastases (p=0.19) were associated with poorer survival. CONCLUSIONS: The trimodality therapy concept with RP demonstrates promising results in terms of long-term survival, morbidity and mortality. We propose that a surgical philosophy of limiting the procedure related morbidity while achieving comparable cytoreductive results allows @entity0 to maintain physiological reserve to be eligible for multimodality treatment options in the long-term. The observed and theoretical benefits of this trimodality treatment approach warrant confirmation in larger RCT.

title: Survival after trimodality therapy for @entity3 : Radical Pleurectomy, chemotherapy with XXXX /Pemetrexed and radiotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The role of surgery in the management of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is controversial and there are no established guidelines. We describe the feasibility and long-term outcomes associated with Radical Pleurectomy (RP) as surgical therapy modality in a standardized trimodality therapy concept of @entity3 . METHODS: From November 2002 to October 2007, 35 out of 102 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 were enrolled in our prospective database. They underwent trimodality therapy, including RP followed by 4 cycles of chemotherapy with @entity2 (75 mg/m(2))/Pemetrexed (500 mg/m(2)) and radiotherapy 4-6 weeks after operation. RESULTS: Median age was 65 years. Nineteen @entity0 were in advanced stages III and IV (54.3%). @entity1 histology was epithelial in 27 @entity0 (77.1%). Macroscopic complete resection could be achieved in 18 @entity0 (51.4%). Surgical morbidity/mortality and trimodality treatment-related mortality were 20.0%, 2.9% and 5.8%, respectively. Thirty-three @entity0 completed the trimodality therapy. Median follow-up was 21.7 months. Overall median survival was 30.0 months. One-, 2-, and 3-year-survival were 69%, 50% and 31%, respectively. Advanced stages III/IV (p=0.06), macroscopic incomplete resections (p=0.001), non-epithelial histology (p=0.55) and nodal metastases (p=0.19) were associated with poorer survival. CONCLUSIONS: The trimodality therapy concept with RP demonstrates promising results in terms of long-term survival, morbidity and mortality. We propose that a surgical philosophy of limiting the procedure related morbidity while achieving comparable cytoreductive results allows @entity0 to maintain physiological reserve to be eligible for multimodality treatment options in the long-term. The observed and theoretical benefits of this trimodality treatment approach warrant confirmation in larger RCT.

title: Survival after trimodality therapy for XXXX : Radical Pleurectomy, chemotherapy with @entity2 /Pemetrexed and radiotherapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Sera from seven @entity0 from whom a @entity4 serovar L2 strain was isolated were tested in vitro for their ability to neutralize the infectivity of this organism. In one @entity0 an inguinal lymph node was culture positive, whereas the remaining six @entity0 had positive rectal biopsies. Sera from four of the @entity0 , including the @entity0 with the lymph node isolate, failed to neutralize serovar L2(434). In addition, the homologous strain recovered from the inguinal lymph node was available and was resistant to neutralization by the homologous sera. However, the same sera effectively neutralized a @entity3 serovar, E(Bour). All four sera had inclusion immunofluorescent-antibody titers to @entity4 serovar L2 of 2,048 to 16,384 and microimmunofluorescent-antibody titers to the lymphogranuloma venereum biovar were equal or higher in all cases than to the 12 serovars of the @entity3 biovar. The three remaining sera, while neutralizing the infectivity of the L2 strains tested, neutralized serovar E to a greater extent. These sera had the same inclusion immunofluorescent antibody titers as the sera that failed to neutralize serovar L2. To see whether this difference in the sensitivity of the biovars toward neutralization could be characterized, sera were obtained from @entity1 immunized with different doses of both serovars L2 and E. Sera obtained from @entity1 immunized with serovar E were able to effectively neutralize the homologous strain. In contrast, neutralization of the immunizing strain, @entity2 ), was not seen with sera obtained on days 7, 14, and 21 after immunization from animals receiving 8 x 10(5) and 8 x 10(4) inclusion-forming units of @entity2 ); however, these same sera neutralized serovar E. However, with a higher immunizing dose of L2 (10(7) IFUs), both E and L2 were neutralized with sera obtained 7 and 14 days after immunization. Therefore, the relative resistance to neutralization by serovar L2 compared with that of serovar E in the @entity1 model was inoculum dependent.

title: Differences in susceptibilities of the lymphogranuloma venereum and XXXX biovars of @entity4 to neutralization by immune sera.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Sera from seven @entity0 from whom a @entity4 serovar L2 strain was isolated were tested in vitro for their ability to neutralize the infectivity of this organism. In one @entity0 an inguinal lymph node was culture positive, whereas the remaining six @entity0 had positive rectal biopsies. Sera from four of the @entity0 , including the @entity0 with the lymph node isolate, failed to neutralize serovar L2(434). In addition, the homologous strain recovered from the inguinal lymph node was available and was resistant to neutralization by the homologous sera. However, the same sera effectively neutralized a @entity3 serovar, E(Bour). All four sera had inclusion immunofluorescent-antibody titers to @entity4 serovar L2 of 2,048 to 16,384 and microimmunofluorescent-antibody titers to the lymphogranuloma venereum biovar were equal or higher in all cases than to the 12 serovars of the @entity3 biovar. The three remaining sera, while neutralizing the infectivity of the L2 strains tested, neutralized serovar E to a greater extent. These sera had the same inclusion immunofluorescent antibody titers as the sera that failed to neutralize serovar L2. To see whether this difference in the sensitivity of the biovars toward neutralization could be characterized, sera were obtained from @entity1 immunized with different doses of both serovars L2 and E. Sera obtained from @entity1 immunized with serovar E were able to effectively neutralize the homologous strain. In contrast, neutralization of the immunizing strain, @entity2 ), was not seen with sera obtained on days 7, 14, and 21 after immunization from animals receiving 8 x 10(5) and 8 x 10(4) inclusion-forming units of @entity2 ); however, these same sera neutralized serovar E. However, with a higher immunizing dose of L2 (10(7) IFUs), both E and L2 were neutralized with sera obtained 7 and 14 days after immunization. Therefore, the relative resistance to neutralization by serovar L2 compared with that of serovar E in the @entity1 model was inoculum dependent.

title: Differences in susceptibilities of the lymphogranuloma venereum and @entity3 biovars of XXXX to neutralization by immune sera.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Sexsomnia is considered a particular form of @entity8 characterized by atypical @entity3 . Only a few cases have been reported in the literature. We describe here two cases of sexsomnia that took place in adult @entity0 whose personal history was remarkable for traumatic @entity3 during childhood. In addition, the first @entity0 had a medical history of @entity5 during adolescence and current @entity7 . In the second @entity0 , drug consumption was reported during adolescence, and @entity1 assessment found a major @entity2 . Neurological examination was normal for both @entity0 . The sexual behaviour was reported by the bed partner because of total @entity6 of the event by the @entity0 . Events included moaning, vocalizations with dirty talk, masturbation, @entity3 , and sexual intercourse. The behaviour was harmful for the bed partner in the second case. For both @entity0 , electroencephalogram and brain magnetic resonance imaging were normal whereas nocturnal polysomnography recordings revealed several abrupt and spontaneous arousals from slow-wave sleep. @entity0 were successfully treated by @entity4 reuptake inhibitors. Our observations underline the fact that efforts need to be made to increase awareness of the issue of sexsomnia, in order to identify @entity0 suffering from this @entity8 , which can be associated with adverse psychological consequences and serious medico-legal issues.

title: Sexsomnia: an uncommon variety of XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: Autonomic symptoms during @entity4 may provide information on @entity4 onset zone. We investigated whether changes in @entity2 (HRV) occur during subclinical electrographic @entity4 patterns, and whether these have a localising/lateralising value. METHODS: EEG and ECG recordings of pharmacoresistant @entity3 @entity0 who underwent intracranial video-EEG telemetry were reviewed. Ultra-short-term HRV expressed as standard deviation of the mean before, during and after the subclinical @entity4 pattern was determined in 10s epochs. Statistics were done with a linear mixed regression model. Values are expressed as mean+/-SD. RESULTS: 26 @entity0 (38+/-10 years, 13 of either gender) have been included; 7 @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of either side as well as 7 (right-sided lesion) and 5 @entity0 ( @entity1 ) with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). A total of 74 subclinical events (2-3 per @entity0 ) were analysed. Pooled data for HR only weakly increased during and after the subclinical pattern with a mean HR of 80+/-10 bpm before to 82+/-11 bpm during (p=0.03) and 81+/-10 bpm after subclinical patterns (p=0.06). HR was higher in @entity0 with left @entity5 as compared to right @entity5 (p=0.001). In @entity6 @entity0 only, the change in HR was correlated with the spatial extent of electrographic pattern localised (p=0.03). Mean HRV did not change during or after subclinical patterns. HRV was; however, lower in @entity5 @entity0 with left-sided subclinical patterns as compared to right-sided patterns (pre-event HRV left 13+/-6 ms, right 34+/-16 ms). CONCLUSIONS: Our data revealed only minimal changes in autonomic cardiac function during highly localised electrographic @entity4 patterns and this had no localising/lateralising value.

title: Do subclinical electrographic XXXX patterns affect heart rate and its variability?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Whether a high plasma @entity7 concentration induced by strict salt restriction promotes @entity3 remains controversial. Male @entity0 at 10weeks of age were given normal salt (NS) (1.5% @entity6 ) or low salt (LS) (0.05% @entity6 ) diets. Each animal underwent aortocaval @entity1 creation for volume-overloaded @entity5 or sham surgery. All @entity0 with a @entity1 received either vehicle or a non- @entity4 dose of @entity8 (200mg/kg/day) by gavage. Two weeks later, the LS diet significantly increased the plasma @entity7 level in the sham-operated and @entity1 -created @entity0 (2677+/-662pg/ml and 2406+/-422pg/ml) compared with that in @entity0 given the NS diet (518+/-18pg/ml and 362+/-45pg/ml, respectively). In sham-operated @entity0 , the difference in plasma @entity7 level did not affect the extent of @entity2 (1.8+/-0.1% with LS diet vs. 1.5+/-0.3% with NS diet). However, the increase in @entity2 in @entity1 -created @entity0 was more prominent with the LS diet than with the NS diet (4.7+/-0.3% vs. 3.4+/-0.1%). In addition, the @entity1 -created @entity0 on the LS diet expressed significantly increased oxidative stress and transforming growth factor-beta compared with those on the NS diets (P<0.05). These increases in the @entity1 -created @entity0 on the LS diet were significantly suppressed by the non- @entity4 dose of @entity8 (P<0.05). These results suggest that increased plasma @entity7 level with strict salt restriction activated the mineralocorticoid receptor signaling in volume-overloaded condition, resulting in @entity2 .

title: Dietary salt restriction activates mineralocorticoid receptor signaling in volume-overloaded XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine which histological factors are associated with an increased risk for local recurrence in the breast after breast-conserving therapy for early @entity0 (TNM stage I and II) and whether risk patterns vary according to menopausal status and type of local recurrence. Through complete follow-up of the @entity1 of eight regional radiation oncology departments, two @entity2 institutes and one surgical clinic in The Netherlands, 360 @entity1 were identified with local recurrence in the breast after having received breast-conserving therapy (local @entity2 excision, axillary dissection and irradiation of the whole breast and a boost to the @entity2 bed) during the 1980s. For each case, two controls with a follow-up of similar duration without local recurrence were randomly selected. Histological slides of the primary @entity2 were reviewed. Among premenopausal @entity1 the risk of recurrence for those younger than 35 years was significantly higher than that for premenopausal @entity1 of 45 years or older (relative risk (RR) 2.9; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.3-6.6, P < 0.05). The risk of recurrence at or near the site of the primary @entity2 was most significantly increased for @entity1 with high grade extensive intraductal component (EIC) adjacent to the primary @entity2 (RR 4.1; 95% CI 1.7-9.8, P < 0.01). Microscopic margin involvement was an important risk indicator for diffuse recurrence and recurrence in the skin of the breast, especially in the presence of vascular invasion (RR 25; 95% CI 4.0-150, P < 0.001). To prevent local recurrence at or near the site of the primary @entity2 , local excision with a 1-2 cm margin of healthy tissue and a 15 Gy boost seemed adequate local treatment for @entity1 with well differentiated EIC. In contrast, a wider surgical margin, a higher boost dose or mastectomy should be considered for @entity1 with poorly differentiated EIC. Microscopic margin involvement in the presence of vascular invasion significantly increases the risk of diffuse recurrence or recurrence in the skin.

title: Histological determinants for different types of local recurrence after breast-conserving therapy of invasive XXXX . Dutch Study Group on local Recurrence after Breast Conservation (BORST)

answer: @entity0


abstract: The US Air Force has implemented the widespread use of JP-8 jet fuel in its operations, although a thorough understanding of its potential effects upon exposed personnel is unclear. Previous work has reported that JP-8 exposure is immunosuppressive. Exposure of @entity0 to JP-8 for 1A h/day resulted in immediate secretion of two immunosuppressive agents, namely, @entity3 and @entity2 . Thus, it was of interest to determine if jet fuel exposure might alter the immune response to infectious agents. The Hong Kong influenza model was used for these studies. @entity0 were exposed to 1000A mg/m(3) JP-8 (1A h/day) for 7A days before influenza @entity4 . Animals were infected intra-nasally with virus and followed in terms of overall survival as well as immune responses. All surviving animals were killed 14A days after @entity4 . In the present study, JP-8 exposure increased the severity of the @entity4 by suppressing the anti-viral immune responses. That is, exposure of @entity0 to JP-8 for 1A h/day for 7A days before @entity1 resulted in decreased immune cell viability after exposure and @entity1 , a greater than fourfold decrease in immune proliferative responses to mitogens, as well as an overall loss of @entity6 (+), @entity5 (+), and CD8(+) T cells from the lymph nodes, but not the spleens, of infected animals. These changes resulted in decreased survival of the exposed and infected @entity0 , with only 33% of animals surviving as compared with 50% of @entity0 infected but not jet fuel-exposed (and 100% of @entity0 exposed only to JP-8). Thus, short-term, low-concentration JP-8 jet fuel exposures have significant suppressive effects on the immune system which can result in increased severity of @entity4 .

title: JP-8 jet fuel exposure suppresses the immune response to XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity0 is an important mediator of physiological stress responses. Hypothalamic @entity5 and @entity4 ( @entity2 ) and pituitary ACTH, in addition to hypothalamic and pituitary @entity0 feedback, regulate @entity0 secretion. Importantly, joint interactions among the four, rather than the signal of any one hormone, govern this life-preserving @entity3 . Quantifying in vivo strength of such joint interactions has been difficult, especially without direct injection of @entity0 , @entity5 , AVP, or ACTH. The goal of the present research was to estimate these joint feedback and feedforward interactions in vivo in the conscious @entity1 during low- @entity0 and hypoglycemic stress. Pituitary venous sampling of ACTH, @entity5 , and AVP was performed every 0.5-1 min and jugular venous sampling of @entity0 every 15-20 min. Estimation of hypothalamic dynamics revealed that: 1) hypocortisolemia amplifies @entity5 and AVP secretion, when mean (slow) and rate-adjusted (rapid) @entity0 feedback concentrations decrease by 0-25%; and 2) reduced peptide feedback augments @entity5 and AVP secretion, when @entity5 and AVP secretion each decreases by 0-25 and 50% of its respective maximum. Thus, low- @entity0 feedback enhances @entity5 outflow in part by relieving @entity5 's autoinhibition. Estimation of pituitary dynamics disclosed that: 1) endogenous @entity5 and AVP synergize in evoking ACTH secretion, and 2) hypocortisolemia potentiates individual and conjoint stimulation of ACTH secretion by @entity5 and AVP. Formulations such as the present one should have application to evaluating other complex endocrine dynamics.

title: Quantifying nonlinear interactions within the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal @entity3 in the conscious XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 is an important mediator of physiological stress responses. Hypothalamic @entity5 and @entity4 ( @entity2 ) and pituitary ACTH, in addition to hypothalamic and pituitary @entity0 feedback, regulate @entity0 secretion. Importantly, joint interactions among the four, rather than the signal of any one hormone, govern this life-preserving @entity3 . Quantifying in vivo strength of such joint interactions has been difficult, especially without direct injection of @entity0 , @entity5 , AVP, or ACTH. The goal of the present research was to estimate these joint feedback and feedforward interactions in vivo in the conscious @entity1 during low- @entity0 and hypoglycemic stress. Pituitary venous sampling of ACTH, @entity5 , and AVP was performed every 0.5-1 min and jugular venous sampling of @entity0 every 15-20 min. Estimation of hypothalamic dynamics revealed that: 1) hypocortisolemia amplifies @entity5 and AVP secretion, when mean (slow) and rate-adjusted (rapid) @entity0 feedback concentrations decrease by 0-25%; and 2) reduced peptide feedback augments @entity5 and AVP secretion, when @entity5 and AVP secretion each decreases by 0-25 and 50% of its respective maximum. Thus, low- @entity0 feedback enhances @entity5 outflow in part by relieving @entity5 's autoinhibition. Estimation of pituitary dynamics disclosed that: 1) endogenous @entity5 and AVP synergize in evoking ACTH secretion, and 2) hypocortisolemia potentiates individual and conjoint stimulation of ACTH secretion by @entity5 and AVP. Formulations such as the present one should have application to evaluating other complex endocrine dynamics.

title: Quantifying nonlinear interactions within the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal XXXX in the conscious @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop a method for assessing @entity1 vascularity in a preclinical model of @entity0 using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. METHODS: Eight @entity2 were injected with 67NR @entity0 cells on their hind limbs and imaged with ultrasonography 8 days later. @entity2 were injected with an ultrasound contrast agent (UCA), and a sequence of images of the resultant backscattered echoes was recorded before and after high-power "destruction" pulses for each of multiple parallel planes. From these, data maps of the maximum contrast enhancement (within each time course) were constructed for each pixel, which enabled reconstruction of high-resolution coregistered sections into a 3-dimensional (3D) volume reflecting @entity1 vascularity. Additional studies were performed to determine the duration and repeatability of image enhancement, and images were correlated with conventional 3D power Doppler measurements. RESULTS: The lifetime of the UCA in vivo was found to be 4.3 +/- 1.09 minutes (mean +/- SD). The 3D contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic technique produced images that correlated well with power Doppler images in specific regions but also depicted additional regions of flow surrounding the power Doppler signal. The mean correlation coefficient between voxel measurements of the central slice for each animal was 0.64 +/- 0.07 (P < .01). In addition, sequential studies in each animal were reproducible. CONCLUSIONS: A method producing high-resolution volumetric assessments of @entity1 vascularity in a preclinical model of @entity0 is shown that correlates with other ultrasonographic measures of blood flow, which may provide greater sensitivity to the microvasculature.

title: A method for assessing the microvasculature in a @entity2 XXXX model using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop a method for assessing @entity1 vascularity in a preclinical model of @entity0 using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. METHODS: Eight @entity2 were injected with 67NR @entity0 cells on their hind limbs and imaged with ultrasonography 8 days later. @entity2 were injected with an ultrasound contrast agent (UCA), and a sequence of images of the resultant backscattered echoes was recorded before and after high-power "destruction" pulses for each of multiple parallel planes. From these, data maps of the maximum contrast enhancement (within each time course) were constructed for each pixel, which enabled reconstruction of high-resolution coregistered sections into a 3-dimensional (3D) volume reflecting @entity1 vascularity. Additional studies were performed to determine the duration and repeatability of image enhancement, and images were correlated with conventional 3D power Doppler measurements. RESULTS: The lifetime of the UCA in vivo was found to be 4.3 +/- 1.09 minutes (mean +/- SD). The 3D contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic technique produced images that correlated well with power Doppler images in specific regions but also depicted additional regions of flow surrounding the power Doppler signal. The mean correlation coefficient between voxel measurements of the central slice for each animal was 0.64 +/- 0.07 (P < .01). In addition, sequential studies in each animal were reproducible. CONCLUSIONS: A method producing high-resolution volumetric assessments of @entity1 vascularity in a preclinical model of @entity0 is shown that correlates with other ultrasonographic measures of blood flow, which may provide greater sensitivity to the microvasculature.

title: A method for assessing the microvasculature in a XXXX @entity1 model using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: To assess the resource implications of managing @entity2 , which is common and has diverse causes and outcomes. METHOD: A retrospective study of 332 @entity0 documented to have postoperative, adhesive @entity2 , from 1988 to 1996, was carried out. Complications and resources used were recorded and costs were determined. Results. There were 207 females and 125 males, with a median age of 63 years. There were 374 hospital admissions, in 121 (32.4%) of which no surgical operation was performed. @entity0 had a median hospital stay of eight days. The overall median cost for a @entity0 who had no operation was NZ 1 039 (minimum  94, maximum  13 262), compared to NZ 7 630 (minimum  2 038, maximum  135 173) for a @entity0 who had an operation. @entity1 accounted for 1.3% of all admissions, 59.2% of all cases of @entity2 , 65.2% of all admissions with small bowel conditions, 73.5% of laparotomies for @entity2 and 4.1% of all laparotomies. Sixty-eight @entity0 (20.5%) developed a total of 102 complications and there were eight deaths (2.4%). CONCLUSION: @entity1 is a common condition, which is associated with a substantial morbidity and workload. The treatment of these conditions has significant health care costs. Most are emergencies and the costs of their management are very variable.

title: XXXX : the resources impacts.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Haemoccult, a guaiac test for faecal occult blood, detects 56-78 per cent of asymptomatic @entity3 when performed over 3 days. In @entity0 with known @entity2 the sensitivity of the test for @entity1 is increased by extending the test period to 6 days. We report the first randomized comparison of 3 day with 6 day testing in asymptomatic individuals. 35,184 age and sex matched individuals were randomly allocated to receive Haemoccult over 3 or 6 days. The tests were completed by 10,176 (57.8 per cent) of the 17,616 offered 3 day Haemoccult and 9461 (53.9 per cent) of the 17,568 offered 6 day Haemoccult, a significant decrease in compliance (P less than 0.001). Of the 3 day Haemoccult tests 131 (1.29 per cent) were positive, significantly fewer than the 160 (1.69 per cent) positive tests after 6 day Haemoccult (0.01 less than P less than 0.02). Investigation of subjects with a positive test revealed 20 @entity3 (1.14 per 1000 offered and 1.97 per 1000 completing the test) in the 3 day group and 24 @entity3 (1.37 per 1000 offered and 2.54 per 1000 completing the test) after 6 day Haemoccult tests (0.5 less than P less than 0.7 for those offered the test and 0.3 less than P less than 0.5 for those completing it). After 3 day Haemoccult 112 @entity4 in 76 @entity0 were detected (4.31 per 1000 offered and 7.47 per 1000 completing the test). In the 6 day group 123 @entity4 in 83 @entity0 (4.72 per 1000 offered and 8.77 per 1000 completing the test) were detected (0.5 less than P less than 0.7 for those offered the test and 0.3 less than P less than 0.5 for those completing it). Large @entity4 were found in 27 individuals after 3 day testing (1.53 per 1000 offered the test and 2.65 per 1000 completing it) and in 35 individuals after 6 day testing (1.99 per 1000 offered the test and 3.70 per 1000 completing it) (0.3 less than P less than 0.5 for those offered the test and 0.1 less than P less than 0.2 for those completing it). This study has not demonstrated a significant increase in the yield of @entity1 in asymptomatic subjects offered Haemoccult over 6 days. However there was a significant decrease in compliance and a higher rate of colonscopy in those offered 6 day testing.

title: Faecal occult blood screening for XXXX : a randomized trial of three days or six days of tests.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the oncological safety of laparoscopic procedures for the management of @entity4 of the urinary tract. METHODS: Data on laparoscopic management of @entity4 in the literature were analysed using MEDLINE and by matching the following keywords: urological @entity2 , @entity2 , @entity3 , laparoscopic approach, recurrence, follow-up and @entity1 site. RESULTS: Minimally invasive techniques are being used increasingly in the management of these @entity2 and successfully achieving the benefits of lower @entity5 and more rapid @entity0 recovery. To date, no evidence level 1 information is available and published series of these technically challenging cases are small and follow-up limited. Short to medium term follow-up appears encouraging in terms of recurrence and survival rates, but long-term data are immature compared to the established open techniques these procedures seek to duplicate. Specific concerns in terms of the oncologic safety of laparoscopy, especially with regard to the @entity6 , @entity2 manipulation and specimen extraction are addressed. Port-site metastases and @entity2 seeding are rare events and appear to be mainly related to the grade and stage of the @entity2 . Specific precautions are required to minimise these risks. CONCLUSION: Oncological results of the laparoscopic approach are difficult to compare with those of open surgery. However, recent series have not reported @entity2 dissemination or a higher rate of recurrence with this approach. Laparoscopic techniques are not yet standard of care in invasive @entity4 . Long-term assessment is ongoing and awaited.

title: Oncological risk of laparoscopic surgery in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of preoperative biliary drainage before liver resection in @entity4 @entity0 remains controversial. The objective of this study is to compare the perioperative outcome of liver resection for @entity2 involving the proximal bile duct in @entity4 @entity0 with and without preoperative biliary drainage. METHODS: Seventy-four consecutive @entity4 @entity0 underwent hepatectomy for @entity2 involving the proximal bile duct from January 1989 to June 2006 and their data were retrospectively analyzed. Fourteen @entity0 underwent biliary drainage before portal vein embolization and were excluded from the study. Thirty @entity0 underwent biliary drainage before hepatectomy and 30 underwent liver resection without preoperative biliary drainage. All @entity0 underwent resection of the extrahepatic bile duct. RESULTS: Overall mortality and operative morbidity were similar in the two groups (3% vs. 10%, p = 0.612 and 70% vs. 63%, p = 0.583, respectively). The incidence of noninfectious complications was similar in the two groups. There was no difference in hospital stay between the two groups. @entity0 with preoperative biliary drainage had a significantly higher rate of @entity1 (40% vs. 17%, p = 0.044). At multivariate analysis, preoperative biliary drainage was the only independent risk factor for infectious complication in the postoperative course (RR = 4.411, 95%CI = 1.216-16.002, p = 0.024). Even considering @entity0 with preoperative biliary drainage in whom the @entity3 level went below 5 mg/dl, the risk of @entity1 was higher compared with @entity0 without biliary drainage (47.6% vs. 16.6%, p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Overall mortality and morbidity after liver resection are not improved by preoperative biliary drainage in @entity4 @entity0 . Prehepatectomy biliary drainage increases the incidence of @entity1 .

title: Preoperative biliary drainage increases XXXX after hepatectomy for proximal bile duct tumor obstruction.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Heart rate variability provides non-invasive information about cardiac @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We determined in @entity1 @entity0 : (1) relations of baseline @entity3 to body composition and hemodynamics; (2) effects of physical training (PT) and cessation of PT; and (3) which factors explained individual differences in responsivity of @entity3 to the PT. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) was the index of @entity3 . Obese @entity0 (n = 79) were randomly assigned to groups that participated in PT during the first or second 4-month periods of the study. RESULTS: Baseline RMSSD was significantly (p<0.05) associated with lower levels of: fat mass, fat-free mass, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue, resting @entity2 , and exercise HR. Stepwise multiple regression produced a final model (R2 = 0.36) that included only resting HR. The analysis of changes over the three time points of the study found a significant (p = 0.026) time by group interaction, such that RMSSD increased during periods of PT and decreased following cessation of PT. Greater individual increases in response to the PT (p<0.05) were seen in those who had lower pre-PT RMSSD levels, showed the greatest decreases in resting HR, and increased most in vigorous physical activity. The final regression model retained only the change in resting HR as a significant predictor of the changes in the RMSSD (R2 = 0.23). DISCUSSION: Regular exercise that improved fitness and body composition had a favorable effect on @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Heart rate variability in XXXX @entity0 : relations to total body and visceral adiposity, and changes with physical training and detraining.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Heart rate variability provides non-invasive information about cardiac @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We determined in @entity1 @entity0 : (1) relations of baseline @entity3 to body composition and hemodynamics; (2) effects of physical training (PT) and cessation of PT; and (3) which factors explained individual differences in responsivity of @entity3 to the PT. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) was the index of @entity3 . Obese @entity0 (n = 79) were randomly assigned to groups that participated in PT during the first or second 4-month periods of the study. RESULTS: Baseline RMSSD was significantly (p<0.05) associated with lower levels of: fat mass, fat-free mass, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue, resting @entity2 , and exercise HR. Stepwise multiple regression produced a final model (R2 = 0.36) that included only resting HR. The analysis of changes over the three time points of the study found a significant (p = 0.026) time by group interaction, such that RMSSD increased during periods of PT and decreased following cessation of PT. Greater individual increases in response to the PT (p<0.05) were seen in those who had lower pre-PT RMSSD levels, showed the greatest decreases in resting HR, and increased most in vigorous physical activity. The final regression model retained only the change in resting HR as a significant predictor of the changes in the RMSSD (R2 = 0.23). DISCUSSION: Regular exercise that improved fitness and body composition had a favorable effect on @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Heart rate variability in @entity1 XXXX : relations to total body and visceral adiposity, and changes with physical training and detraining.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical course of @entity0 with @entity8 is characterized by symptomatic exacerbations often necessitating hospitalization. AIMS: To investigate precipitating factors leading to hospitalization for exacerbation of symptoms in @entity0 with @entity8 . METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 103 admissions (63 @entity0 ) for @entity8 exacerbation. RESULTS: Etiologic categories for gastroparetic @entity0 were @entity1 (43%), idiopathic (39%), and post surgical (8%). Poor glycemic control was present in 36%, @entity2 in 19% (12 @entity3 and two @entity7 ), and noncompliance with or intolerance of, medications in six and 5% of @entity0 , respectively. Fasting morning @entity4 concentrations were \3 mcg/dl in 9%. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and @entity5 (CRP) were seen in 34 of 65 (52%) and 11 of 50 @entity0 (22%), respectively. No identifiable @entity2 was found in 74 and 45% of @entity0 with elevated ESR and elevated CRP, respectively. ESR and CRP were higher when @entity0 were symptomatic necessitating hospitalization (26.2 +/- 6.6 mm/h and 1.6 +/- 1.0 mg/l) compared with when they were seen in outpatient follow-up and less symptomatic (10.3 +/- 2.9 mm/h and 0.3 +/- 0.1 mg/l; P = 0.0001 and P = 0.211, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Poor glycemic control, @entity2 , noncompliance with/intolerance of medications, and, perhaps, @entity6 were contributory factors leading to hospitalizations of gastroparetic @entity0 . Hospitalized @entity0 with @entity8 exacerbations had elevated ESR and CRP levels. Although many @entity0 with elevated inflammatory markers had evidence of @entity2 , some did not. Assessment of inflammatory markers may help indicate those gastroparetic @entity0 in whom a search for @entity2 should be undertaken.

title: Factors contributing to hospitalization for XXXX exacerbations.

answer: @entity8


abstract: This study aimed to identify factors contributing to high rates of preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW) and @entity0 mortality in Mississippi while considering both traditional risk factors and maternal medical conditions. The retrospective cohort study used 1996-2003 Mississippi linked birth and @entity0 @entity2 files. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate association between maternal medical conditions and unfavorable birth outcomes. Along with traditional risk factors, @entity1 was significantly associated with PTB and LBW. @entity0 with @entity1 were about 2.2 and 3.2 times as likely to have PTB and LBW, respectively. @entity3 /oligohydramnios increased 1.8-4.4 folds of risk for PTB, LBW and @entity0 @entity2 and was significantly associated with the unfavorable birth outcomes. @entity4 @entity0 were about 1.5-2.0 times as likely to have an unfavorable birth outcome compared to non-Hispanic white @entity0 . Maternal education and prenatal care effect appeared to be modified by maternal race. Certain maternal medical conditions may be contributing to PTB, LBW and @entity0 mortality rates identifying preconception and prenatal healthcare as possible strategies for reducing unfavorable outcomes. Results suggest that different risk profiles for unfavorable outcomes may exist according to maternal race highlighting the need to consider racial groups separately when further exploring the sociodemographic and/or health-related factors that contribute to unfavorable birth outcomes.

title: Association of maternal medical conditions and unfavorable birth outcomes: findings from the 1996-2003 Mississippi linked birth and XXXX data.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Unstented aortic valve substitutes offer many of the theoretical advantages of homografts such as superior hemodynamic performance and enhanced durability, particularly when inserted as a root. Many of these depend on the maintained flexibility of the valve components. Calcification of the aortic wall may adversely affect these phenomena. Electron beam computed tomography has been used to evaluate aortic wall @entity2 in @entity0 undergoing aortic root replacement in a prospective randomized trial designed to compare the Medtronic Freestyle valve with the homograft valve replacement. METHODS: @entity0 were followed with electron beam computed tomography scans of the aortic root at six-monthly intervals after surgery. A @entity2 score (Hounsfield units) and a calcified volume score (mm3) were obtained from each scan using a new modified technique. Results were related to hemodynamic data from echocardiography. The prevalence of @entity2 was also related to the homograft donor age. RESULTS: Seventy-six @entity0 (age range: 40-79 years) were randomized to root replacement with either homograft (n = 31) or Freestyle (n = 45) valves. Fifty-three scans of the aortic root were performed postoperatively in 37 @entity0 . No statistical difference between the two groups was found at six and 12 months after surgery. However, after 18 months the calcified volume score was 5903.8+/-2356.8 mm3 in the homograft versus 2725.6+/-1500.5 mm3 in the Freestyle group (p = 0.017). There was a correlation between @entity2 score, calcified volume score and left ventricular mass (r = 0.323, p = 0.093 and r = 0.350, p = 0.068, respectively) on the one hand, and @entity2 score, calcified volume score and valve size on the other hand (r = 0.178, p = 0.466 and r = 0.068, p = 0.780, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Electron beam computed tomography provides a powerful tool for the detection of @entity1 in the aortic wall of valve grafts. There is a low rate of @entity2 during the first 18 months in the Medtronic Freestyle valve, and this appears to be lower than that observed in homografts. Longer-term follow up of the aortic root in these @entity0 is required. This is an ongoing study.

title: A quantitative study of XXXX deposition in the aortic wall following Medtronic Freestyle compared with homograft aortic root replacement. A prospective randomized trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of @entity2 in Chinese adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING: An epidemiological questionnaire survey was carried out in five high schools in Shandong Province of Mainland China. @entity0 : A total of 1365 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 years comprising 823 @entity0 and 542 @entity0 . MEASUREMENTS AND INTERVENTIONS: The @entity0 completed a self-administered questionnaire regarding sleep duration, @entity2 , stressful life events, lifestyles, and personal and family characteristics. RESULTS: Mean sleep duration at night was 7.64 hours (SD = 0.86) and decreased with increasing age. Of the sample, 16.9% (95% CI = 13.2-20.5%) reported @entity1 symptoms including difficulty initiating sleep (10.8%), difficulty maintaining sleep (6.3%), and early morning awakening (2.1%). Nightmares were reported more frequently by @entity0 (chi2=20.09, p<0.001). Only 2.3% of the sample had ever taken hypnotic medication during the past month. Almost 22% of the subjects went to bed later than 12:00 PM at least once a week. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that greater age, being at senior high school, doing no habitual physical exercise, poor physical health, self-selection of diet, longer distance from home to school, and life stress experienced during the past 12 months were significantly associated with an increased risk of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported @entity2 in Chinese adolescents are common and associated with multiple factors. These findings suggest the need for comprehensive programs to prevent @entity2 in adolescents.

title: Prevalence and correlates of self-reported XXXX among Chinese adolescents.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of our study is to identify and quantify the association between high breast mass density and @entity0 using inductive logic programming (ILP) and conditional probabilities, and validate this association in an independent dataset. We ran our ILP algorithm on 62,219 mammographic abnormalities. We set the Aleph ILP system to generate 10,000 rules per malignant finding with a recall >5% and precision >25%. Aleph reported the best rule for each malignant finding. A total of 80 unique rules were learned. A radiologist reviewed all rules and identified potentially interesting rules. High breast mass density appeared in 24% of the learned rules. We confirmed each interesting rule by calculating the probability of @entity1 given each mammographic descriptor. High mass density was the fifth highest ranked predictor. To validate the association between mass density and @entity1 in an independent dataset, we collected data from 180 consecutive breast biopsies performed between 2005 and 2007. We created a logistic model with benign or malignant outcome as the dependent variable while controlling for potentially confounding factors. We calculated odds ratios based on dichomotized variables. In our logistic regression model, the independent predictors high breast mass density ( @entity2 , CI 2.5-17.6), irregular mass shape (OR 10.0, CI 3.4-29.5), spiculated mass margin (OR 20.4, CI 1.9-222.8), and subject age (b   =   0.09, p   <   0.0001) significantly predicted @entity1 . Both ILP and conditional probabilities show that high breast mass density is an important adjunct predictor of @entity1 , and this association is confirmed in an independent data set of prospectively collected mammographic findings.

title: Validation of results from knowledge discovery: mass density as a predictor of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Blunt and penetrating @entity2 is common and often presents major diagnostic and management problems. METHODS: A literature review was undertaken to determine the current consensus on investigation and management strategies. RESULTS: The liver is the most frequently injured organ following abdominal @entity1 . Immediate assessment with ultrasound has replaced diagnostic peritoneal lavage in the resuscitation room, but computerised tomography remains the gold standard investigation. Nonoperative management is preferred in stable @entity0 but laparotomy is indicated in unstable @entity0 . Damage control techniques such as perihepatic packing, hepatotomy plus direct suture, and resectional debridement are recommended. Major complex surgical procedures such as anatomical resection or atriocaval shunting are now thought to be redundant in the emergency setting. Packing is also recommended for the inexperienced surgeon to allow control and stabilisation prior to transfer to a tertiary centre. Interventional radiological techniques are becoming more widely used, particularly in @entity0 who are being managed nonoperatively or have been stabilised by perihepatic packing. CONCLUSIONS: Management of liver injuries has evolved significantly throughout the last two decades. In the absence of other @entity3 , operative management can usually be avoided. @entity0 with more @entity1 or subsequent complications should be transferred to a specialist centre to optimise final outcome.

title: Management of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Knowledge on pinniped immunology is still in its infancy. For instance, age-related and developmental aspects of the immune system in pinnipeds need to be better described. The present study examined the phagocytic activity and efficiency of harbour, grey and @entity0 leukocytes. In the first part of the study, peripheral blood was collected from captive female harbour seals of various ages. Data showed an age-related decrease in phagocytosis in female harbour seals from sub-adult to adulthood. In the second part of the study, changes in phagocytosis were quantified during lactation in wild newborn harbour, grey and @entity0 and in their mothers (harp and @entity1 ). In newborns of the same age, leukocytes of harbour and @entity0 phagocytosed less than those of @entity1 pups. The phagocytic activity and efficiency increased significantly from early to mid-lactation in newborn harbour seals, and from early to late lactation in newborn @entity1 , which could suggest that the transfer of phagocytosis-promoting factor(s) in colostrum is an important feature of temporary protection for pups. In contrast, no changes in phagocytic activity and efficiency were observed in lactating females of the two seal species, harp and grey, examined. At late lactation, phagocytic activity in both grey and @entity0 pups and phagocytic efficiency in @entity1 pups were significantly higher than in their mothers. These results could reflect either the capacity of phagocytes of the newborn harp and @entity1 to respond to pathogens. Results from this study suggest that the phagocytosis of the seal species examined is not fully developed at birth as it generally increases in pups during lactation. Thereafter, the phagocytic activity of seals appears to decrease throughout adulthood.

title: Phagocytosis in pup and adult harbour, grey and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The efficiency of double contrast barium enema and flexible rectosigmoidoscopy (to 60 cm) in the assessment of @entity0 with a positive Hemoccult II test in a randomized screening study for @entity2 was evaluated. A positive test was present in 625 @entity0 , of whom 530 had a complete enema and rectosigmoidoscopic assessment. A @entity3 was diagnosed in 26 and an @entity4 greater than or equal to 1 cm in diameter in 71. As a control, 323 @entity0 with a negative assessment repeated the Hemoccult II test and of these 67 had a positive second test, of whom 55 underwent colonoscopy. One @entity3 (Dukes' A) and two @entity4 greater than or equal to 1 cm in diameter were diagnosed. The efficiency of the assessment was also checked by rescreening the whole group 1-2 years after the first study and by continuing follow-up. It was found that two more @entity3 and one @entity4 greater than or equal to 1 cm in diameter had been overlooked at the primary assessment. The sensitivity for @entity1 greater than or equal to 1 cm in diameter at the primary assessment was 72 per cent for double contrast barium enema and 86 per cent for rectosigmoidoscopy. The sensitivity for the combined methods was 94 per cent and the specificity was 99 per cent. The combination of double contrast barium enema and rectosigmoidoscopy in the primary assessment of @entity0 with a positive Hemoccult II test gives an acceptable result and immediate retesting of those with a negative assessment is not necessary.

title: Double contrast barium enema and flexible rectosigmoidoscopy: a reliable diagnostic combination for detection of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Following brief @entity4 , neurons are selectively damaged and die, whereas glial cells and blood vessels survive. This phenomenon of selective vulnerability is well illustrated in the hippocampal @entity2 region. Five min of forebrain @entity0 in the Mongolian gerbil produced selective @entity1 in the hippocampal @entity2 sector. After destruction and loss of @entity2 neurons, a remarkable glial reaction ( @entity6 ) was seen. The thickness of the @entity2 subfield remained unchanged until 1 month after @entity0 and then gradually shrank over several months. Ultrastructural observation of this region revealed persistent maintenance of presynaptic structures. Numerous presynaptic terminals containing synaptic vesicles were scattered throughout the gliotic scar tissue. These presynaptic terminals were apposed to degenerative structures which seemed most likely to be remnants of dendrites. In another group of animals, at one month following ischemic damage in the @entity2 sector, the @entity3 neurons were destroyed by @entity5 injection. In these animals, numerous degenerating presynaptic boutons were seen in the @entity2 sector when fixed 4 days following @entity5 injection. These results indicate that even in gliotic tissue, presynaptic terminals can survive and maintain their structural characteristics although neuronal cell bodies are almost absent.

title: Chronic maintenance of presynaptic terminals in gliotic hippocampus following XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We compared the short-term maternal and neonatal outcomes of @entity0 who deliver by cesarean without labor compared with @entity0 who deliver by cesarean after labor or by vaginal birth. This was a retrospective cohort study of @entity0 delivering a first baby from 1998 to 2002. Hospital discharge diagnostic coding identified unlabored cesarean deliveries (UCDs), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and vaginal births (VBs). Medical records were abstracted and mode of delivery confirmed. The three outcomes of interest were maternal @entity1 complications, maternal febrile morbidity, and neonatal @entity2 . Using logistic regression for each outcome, we investigated whether mode of delivery was associated with the outcome, independent of other factors. The study groups included 513 UCDs, 261 @entity3 , and 251 VBs. Compared with the UCD group, the adjusted odds of @entity1 complications was higher in the @entity4 comparison group (odds ratio [OR] 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21, 4.53) and the @entity5 ; 95% CI 0.95, 4.02). The incidence of febrile morbidity was similar for both cesarean groups but lower in the VB group. Both comparison groups had lower odds of neonatal complications than the UCD group (OR for @entity4 comparison group 0.52; 95% CI 0.27, 0.95 and OR for VB comparison group 0.26; 95% CI 0.098, 0.59). Scheduled cesarean is associated with @entity2 but decreased odds of maternal @entity1 complications.

title: Scheduled cesarean delivery: maternal and neonatal risks in primiparous XXXX in a community hospital setting.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 during cardiac catheterization is not unusual. The mechanism of @entity9 remains uncertain, but is considered to be multifactorial. Many researchers believe that @entity10 that develops during catheterization is partly spontaneous and partly catheter-induced. Because catheter-induced @entity9 results from mechanical irritation, we tried to find the iatrogenic factors that predispose @entity0 to @entity10 during coronary angiography. METHODS: Retrospectively, we reviewed the records of 7,295 @entity0 who underwent coronary angiography at our hospital from June, 1983 to November, 1997; @entity10 was documented in 30 @entity0 , who became the study group. We randomly selected 41 @entity0 who had normal coronary arteries as the normal control group. After reviewing cine films of coronary angiography, we compared these two groups for several parameters. These parameters included the length and diameter of the left main coronary artery (LMC), the angle between the LMC and the aorta, the angle between the catheter tip and the LMC, whether the catheter tip came into contact with the vascular wall and whether there was vessel wall bulging, catheter size and catheter/LMC ratio. This angiographic data and the demographic features, including age, sex, history of @entity2 , @entity1 , smoking, previous @entity7 , family history of @entity6 , @entity4 and @entity5 levels and @entity8 character (exertional or @entity3 ) were compared between the study @entity0 group and the control group. RESULTS: The results disclosed that larger catheter size (7.1 +/- 0.6 mm vs 6.4 +/- 0.7 mm, p < 0.001), smaller LMC diameter (4.2 +/- 0.9 mm vs 4.9 +/- 1.0 mm, p = 0.004), larger catheter/LMC ratio (0.07 +/- 0.05 vs 0.05 +/- 0.03, p = 0.022), catheter contact with the vessel wall (27/30 vs 20/41, p < 0.001) and vessel bulging (18/30 vs 5/41, p < 0.001) were related to catheter-induced @entity10 . We found that the catheter tip coming into contact with the vessel wall, vessel wall bulging and catheter/LMC ratio (odds ratio 8.92 x 10(14)) were statistically significant factors predisposing @entity0 to catheter-induced @entity10 . CONCLUSIONS: Multiple factors contribute to @entity10 . Of those, mechanical or iatrogenic factors might predispose @entity0 to @entity9 during coronary catheterization. These facts deserve our attention, because iatrogenically induced @entity9 may be avoided by meticulously selecting catheters and manipulating them gently.

title: Catheter-induced XXXX --a view of mechanical factors and experience with selective left coronary arteriography.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abdominal stab wounds with evisceration remain an indication for emergency laparotomy. The purpose of this study was validate a policy of mandatory laparotomy for organ evisceration and a policy of selective nonoperative management with serial physical abdominal examination for omentum evisceration. METHODS: The charts of 379 @entity0 with @entity6 who presented to our Level I @entity1 center over a 3-year (January 2005 to December 2007) period were retrospectively reviewed. Altogether, 66 (17.4%) @entity0 with evisceration were identified and included in the study. Indications for mandatory laparotomy were @entity2 , @entity4 , organ evisceration, and a high spinal cord or severe @entity3 with an @entity5 wound. Further data gathered included the organ eviscerated, intraabdominal organs injured, and complications. Injury severity was categorized using the revised @entity1 score (RTS), injury severity score (ISS), and penetrating abdominal index (PATI). RESULTS: Organ and omentum evisceration occurred in 35 (53%) and 31 (47%) @entity0 , respectively. Organs eviscerated were as follows (number of @entity0 ): small bowel in 27 (40.9%), stomach in 2 (3%), colon in 1 (1.5%), small bowel and stomach in 2 (3%), and small bowel and colon in 3 (4.5%). The mean RTS, ISS, and PATI scores were 7.71, 13.74, and 8.26, respectively. Only two (5.7%) @entity0 with organ evisceration underwent a negative laparotomy. In total, 23 @entity0 with omentum evisceration (21 with @entity2 , 1 with a @entity3 , 1 who failed abdominal observation) underwent therapeutic laparotomy. Six @entity0 with omentum evisceration were managed successfully nonoperatively. Two @entity0 with left thoracoabdominal omentum evisceration underwent delayed laparoscopy, which revealed a @entity1 in one @entity0 . Overall, 57 (86.4%) @entity0 with evisceration had an intraabdominal injury that required repair. CONCLUSIONS: Evisceration should continue to prompt operative intervention. An exception can be made to a select few @entity0 with omentum evisceration with benign abdominal findings.

title: Evisceration following XXXX : analysis of 66 cases.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a lifestyle-related illness with an increasing incidence in all developing countries in the last decade. Abdominoperineal resection (APR) offers a good oncologic clearance for @entity1 . The remaining controversies surrounding APR, as it is performed in a tertiary center in Nigeria, involve defining the role the operation plays in the management of existing rectal problems and determining what outcomes can be expected. The present study was aimed at examining the surgical outcomes of APR for @entity1 in a Nigerian tertiary institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This single-institution, retrospective, descriptive study analyzed APR rate, @entity0 sex and age, subsite involvement, the diagnostic process, follow-up, and survival patterns after treatment of @entity1 . The study was conducted at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex Ile-Ife, Nigeria, between January 1989 and December 2007. RESULTS: During the 18-year period, 36 @entity0 underwent APR. This accounts for 24.0% of all @entity0 that had @entity1 . The age of the @entity0 ranged from 29 years to 74 years (median: 58.9 years). Most of the @entity0 were 60 years of age or older, and the majority were @entity0 (55.9%). The median duration of symptoms was 12 months, and all @entity0 sought medical care for bleeding per rectum. Close to 80% of @entity0 had advanced disease at presentation. Postoperatively, 17 @entity0 (50%) had at least one complication and one @entity0 (2.9%) died. Four (11.8%) @entity0 had recurrence of the @entity1 , and in every case, recurrence occurred within the first year after operation. Operative @entity2 (p = 0.006), degree of differentiation of the @entity1 (p = 0.011), distance from the anal verge (p = 0.033), and operative stage (p = 0.005) were found to significantly affect the outcome of treatment for the @entity0 who underwent APR. The operative stage similarly affected the survival of @entity0 (Mantel Cox = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the advanced disease of our @entity0 , the outcome of management appears to be comparable with results reported from other centers.

title: Surgical outcome of abdominoperineal resection for XXXX in a Nigerian tertiary institution.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Since its description by Fields and Song in 1989 (Nature 340, 245-246), the yeast two-hybrid system has been used extensively to study protein-protein interactions, becoming increasingly efficient with technological and methodological improvements. Here, we report the construction of a highly representative two-hybrid genomic library for the dimorphic @entity0 @entity1 based on the system described by James et al. (1996. Genetics 144, 1425-1436). The endoplasmic reticulum protein Slslp was then used as a bait in a functional test of the library. Indeed, we previously showed that the @entity2 gene product is involved in protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and interacts physically in a two-hybrid assay with @entity3 , an essential luminal member of the HSP70 family (Boisram   et al., 1998. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 30 903-30 908). We developed a mating strategy similar to that used for the @entity0 FRYL library (Fromont-Racine et al., 1997. Nat. Genet. 16, 277-282). No other partner than @entity3 was identified in this screen. As an interesting result, @entity3 interacts with Slslp through its ATPase domain, supporting our hypothesis that Slslp is a cofactor of the chaperone protein, modulating its activity during the HSP70 cycle. Our results indicate that we have constructed a new and powerful tool for the study of @entity1 , which we believe is a good alternative model to investigate such complex biological processes as secretion pathways.

title: A highly representative two-hybrid genomic library for the @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Since its description by Fields and Song in 1989 (Nature 340, 245-246), the yeast two-hybrid system has been used extensively to study protein-protein interactions, becoming increasingly efficient with technological and methodological improvements. Here, we report the construction of a highly representative two-hybrid genomic library for the dimorphic @entity0 @entity1 based on the system described by James et al. (1996. Genetics 144, 1425-1436). The endoplasmic reticulum protein Slslp was then used as a bait in a functional test of the library. Indeed, we previously showed that the @entity2 gene product is involved in protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and interacts physically in a two-hybrid assay with @entity3 , an essential luminal member of the HSP70 family (Boisram   et al., 1998. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 30 903-30 908). We developed a mating strategy similar to that used for the @entity0 FRYL library (Fromont-Racine et al., 1997. Nat. Genet. 16, 277-282). No other partner than @entity3 was identified in this screen. As an interesting result, @entity3 interacts with Slslp through its ATPase domain, supporting our hypothesis that Slslp is a cofactor of the chaperone protein, modulating its activity during the HSP70 cycle. Our results indicate that we have constructed a new and powerful tool for the study of @entity1 , which we believe is a good alternative model to investigate such complex biological processes as secretion pathways.

title: A highly representative two-hybrid genomic library for the XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Treatment-resistant @entity1 poses a major therapeutic challenge. This multicenter, double-blind, randomized study compared the efficacy and safety of @entity4 and @entity5 in treatment-resistant @entity0 with @entity1 . METHOD: @entity1 @entity0 (DSM-IV diagnosis) with a history of antipsychotic resistance underwent 4 to 6 weeks of open-label treatment with @entity2 or @entity3 to confirm treatment resistance. Only @entity0 who completed this open-label period and failed to respond (< 20% improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale [PANSS] total score or a Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness score >or= 4) entered the 6-week, double-blind treatment phase. In all, 300 @entity0 with confirmed treatment resistance were randomly assigned to @entity4 (15-30 mg/day) or @entity5 (8-64 mg/day). The primary outcome measure was change in PANSS score from baseline. The study was conducted between August 30, 2000, and March 18, 2002. RESULTS: Both @entity4 and @entity5 treatment were associated with clinically relevant improvements in PANSS total scores from baseline. After 6 weeks, 27% of @entity4 -treated @entity0 and 25% of @entity5 -treated @entity0 were responders (>or= 30% decrease in PANSS total score or a Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement score of 1 or 2). @entity5 -treated @entity0 had a higher incidence of extrapyramidal symptom-related adverse events, mean increases (i.e., worsening) in extrapyramidal symptom rating scale scores, and a higher rate of elevated prolactin levels than @entity4 (57.7% vs. 4.4%, p < .001). Improvements in quality of life considered to be clinically relevant (>or= 20% improvement in Quality of Life Scale score) occurred in 36% of the @entity4 -treated @entity0 and in 21% of those treated with @entity5 (p = .052). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 and @entity5 , at the doses used here, can improve the symptoms of @entity1 in treatment-resistant @entity0 who have failed to respond to @entity2 or @entity3 .

title: @entity4 for treatment-resistant XXXX : results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, comparison study versus @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Treatment-resistant @entity1 poses a major therapeutic challenge. This multicenter, double-blind, randomized study compared the efficacy and safety of @entity4 and @entity5 in treatment-resistant @entity0 with @entity1 . METHOD: @entity1 @entity0 (DSM-IV diagnosis) with a history of antipsychotic resistance underwent 4 to 6 weeks of open-label treatment with @entity2 or @entity3 to confirm treatment resistance. Only @entity0 who completed this open-label period and failed to respond (< 20% improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale [PANSS] total score or a Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness score >or= 4) entered the 6-week, double-blind treatment phase. In all, 300 @entity0 with confirmed treatment resistance were randomly assigned to @entity4 (15-30 mg/day) or @entity5 (8-64 mg/day). The primary outcome measure was change in PANSS score from baseline. The study was conducted between August 30, 2000, and March 18, 2002. RESULTS: Both @entity4 and @entity5 treatment were associated with clinically relevant improvements in PANSS total scores from baseline. After 6 weeks, 27% of @entity4 -treated @entity0 and 25% of @entity5 -treated @entity0 were responders (>or= 30% decrease in PANSS total score or a Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement score of 1 or 2). @entity5 -treated @entity0 had a higher incidence of extrapyramidal symptom-related adverse events, mean increases (i.e., worsening) in extrapyramidal symptom rating scale scores, and a higher rate of elevated prolactin levels than @entity4 (57.7% vs. 4.4%, p < .001). Improvements in quality of life considered to be clinically relevant (>or= 20% improvement in Quality of Life Scale score) occurred in 36% of the @entity4 -treated @entity0 and in 21% of those treated with @entity5 (p = .052). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 and @entity5 , at the doses used here, can improve the symptoms of @entity1 in treatment-resistant @entity0 who have failed to respond to @entity2 or @entity3 .

title: @entity4 for treatment-resistant @entity1 : results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, comparison study versus XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Treatment-resistant @entity1 poses a major therapeutic challenge. This multicenter, double-blind, randomized study compared the efficacy and safety of @entity4 and @entity5 in treatment-resistant @entity0 with @entity1 . METHOD: @entity1 @entity0 (DSM-IV diagnosis) with a history of antipsychotic resistance underwent 4 to 6 weeks of open-label treatment with @entity2 or @entity3 to confirm treatment resistance. Only @entity0 who completed this open-label period and failed to respond (< 20% improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale [PANSS] total score or a Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness score >or= 4) entered the 6-week, double-blind treatment phase. In all, 300 @entity0 with confirmed treatment resistance were randomly assigned to @entity4 (15-30 mg/day) or @entity5 (8-64 mg/day). The primary outcome measure was change in PANSS score from baseline. The study was conducted between August 30, 2000, and March 18, 2002. RESULTS: Both @entity4 and @entity5 treatment were associated with clinically relevant improvements in PANSS total scores from baseline. After 6 weeks, 27% of @entity4 -treated @entity0 and 25% of @entity5 -treated @entity0 were responders (>or= 30% decrease in PANSS total score or a Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement score of 1 or 2). @entity5 -treated @entity0 had a higher incidence of extrapyramidal symptom-related adverse events, mean increases (i.e., worsening) in extrapyramidal symptom rating scale scores, and a higher rate of elevated prolactin levels than @entity4 (57.7% vs. 4.4%, p < .001). Improvements in quality of life considered to be clinically relevant (>or= 20% improvement in Quality of Life Scale score) occurred in 36% of the @entity4 -treated @entity0 and in 21% of those treated with @entity5 (p = .052). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 and @entity5 , at the doses used here, can improve the symptoms of @entity1 in treatment-resistant @entity0 who have failed to respond to @entity2 or @entity3 .

title: XXXX for treatment-resistant @entity1 : results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, comparison study versus @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Massage has been proposed as a way of facilitating development and growth of newborns through its effects on increasing blood flow, heart rate, digestion, and immunity. Massage might increase basal metabolism and nutrient absorption through endocrine effects such as increase in @entity3 and adrenaline and decrease in @entity1 . Preliminary studies have suggested significant impact on @entity2 with shortening of in-hospital stays of up to 6 days. We compared @entity2 among preterm @entity0 receiving Vimala massage plus usual care versus usual care alone. A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Sixty clinically stable preterm newborns with a corrected gestational age of 30 to 35 weeks receiving enteral nutrition in the hospital nursery were included. Half of them were assigned at random to receive Vimala massage twice daily for 10 days plus usual nursery care; the others received usual nursery care. Weight, head circumference, caloric intake, and nutritional method were recorded daily. Group characteristics were compared with analysis of variance, T test, and chi (2) test as appropriate. There were no differences between groups in gender, gestational age, initial weight, head circumference, and caloric intake and type of nutrition at baseline. @entity0 receiving massage had a larger @entity2 versus the control group since the third day (188.2 +/- 41.20 g/kg versus 146.7 +/- 56.43 g/kg, P < 0.001). Hospital stay was shorter in @entity0 receiving massage and usual nursery care (15.63 +/- 5.41 days versus 19.33 +/- 7.92 days, P = 0.03). The addition of parent-administered Vimala massage to usual nursery care resulted in increased @entity2 and shorter hospital stay among clinically stable preterm newborns.

title: Weight gain in preterm XXXX following parent-administered Vimala massage: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Conservative treatment in severe @entity5 has been documented by several authors citing significant improvement in neonatal outcome lacking a significant increase in maternal complications. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to inform of our preliminary results using protocolized conservative management in @entity0 with @entity5 , favoring better neonate conditions. MATERIAL AND @entity0 : We included 34 @entity0 with average age of 28.2 years with documented severe @entity5 complicating a 36-weeks or less pregnancy, admitted in the obstetric intensive care unit (OICU) between October 2001 and February 2002. @entity0 received protocolized management consisting of intravascular colume expansion, anti- @entity1 control, target organ protection, monitoring, and clinical observation. We considered conservative management as a 24 or more period offered to @entity0 with satisfactory response to medical treatment and no evidence of binomial compromise. RESULTS: Of our group, 85% corresponded to severe @entity5 , 9% to @entity7 , 3% to imminence of @entity7 , and 3% to @entity6 . Average stay in OICU was 5.5 days with 3.5 days average management before pregnancy was interrupted. These @entity0 presented mean gestational age of 32.8 weeks during which we observed @entity2 , low platelets, D dimmer increments, MAP average of 112.8, PCOc 18.6, and BI 0.15. We obtained 36 live newborns of whom 12% four died, two were extremely immatures (510 g and 600 g, respectively); one 980-g newborn presented @entity3 , and a 1,450-g newborn had @entity4 . Conservative treatment in @entity0 with severe @entity5 is a feasible alternative in hospitals with an ICU. Conservative management can improve neonatal survival and prognosis in preterm newborns.

title: [Perinatal result with conservative treatment in XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The influence of smoking behavior on the periodontal health condition was clinically and radiographically studied in 257 dentally aware adults in the age range 20-69 years, including 50 current smokers, 61 former smokers and 133 non-smokers. AIMS: The clinical variables to be investigated were frequency of diseased sites > or =4 mm, frequency of @entity2 sites and plaque index. In addition, the periodontal bone height was radiographically assessed as a % of the @entity4 . METHODS: All variables were based on full-mouth examinations including all teeth and periodontia. RESULTS: The observations indicated an inferior periodontal health condition associated with smoking. This was evidenced by a significantly greater frequency of diseased sites and a significantly greater reduction of periodontal bone height in current smokers as compared to non-smokers. The condition of former smokers was intermediate between current smokers and non-smokers, suggesting that former smokers who have quit smoking have a better periodontal health condition than current smokers, although worse than that of non-smokers. The finding that former smokers exhibited @entity0 than current smokers suggests that smoking cessation may be beneficial and mitigate the untoward effects inflicted by smoking, allowing a normalization towards non-smoker conditions. Heavy exposure was consistently associated with more severe a condition than light exposure, suggesting that the relationship between smoking exposure and periodontal morbidity is dose-dependent. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, the present observations identify a negative impact from smoking on periodontal health and provide further evidence that @entity1 smoking is an avoidable risk for @entity3 .

title: Exposure to XXXX smoking and periodontal health.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To investigate the r  le of leukocytes in the pathogenesis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), monocytes (MNs) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were obtained from 2 cases of @entity4 with typical features. The chemotaxis of PMNs and MNs were evaluated using a modified Boyden chamber. The adherence of PMNs was determined by adherence of PMNs to petri dishes. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in GCF was detected by sandwich ELISA. Elastase activity in GCF was measured with a low molecular weight substrate ( @entity5 ) specific for granulocyte elastase. RESULTS: PMNs from both @entity0 showed depressed chemotactic response to @entity3 and @entity2 . Total amounts of @entity2 in GCF from the 2 @entity0 were much higher than those of the normal controls. Elastase activity was not significantly different from that of the controls. The adherence of PMN and the chemotaxis of MN in the 2 @entity0 were normal. CONCLUSION: The depressed chemotactic response of PMN leads to decreased recruitment of PMN and/or release of lysozyme from PMN in the diseased gingival tissue, increasing the susceptibility of @entity4 @entity0 to periodontal @entity1 .

title: Leukocyte functions in 2 cases of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Seven cases of @entity5 were surgically treated with good results: @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity0 2, @entity3 2. Several attentions were paid as following: 1. Operation should be avoided during acute phase of @entity4 . 2. Synthetic graft material should be avoided if possible. Autogenous vein is advisable for reconstruction of small-sized artery. 3. Surgical intervention should be performed before the loss of organ function. 4. Hematological consideration is worthwhile to prevent hypercoagulopathy due to @entity4 .

title: XXXX due to @entity5 . A guideline for the surgical indication.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Seven cases of @entity5 were surgically treated with good results: @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity0 2, @entity3 2. Several attentions were paid as following: 1. Operation should be avoided during acute phase of @entity4 . 2. Synthetic graft material should be avoided if possible. Autogenous vein is advisable for reconstruction of small-sized artery. 3. Surgical intervention should be performed before the loss of organ function. 4. Hematological consideration is worthwhile to prevent hypercoagulopathy due to @entity4 .

title: @entity5 due to XXXX . A guideline for the surgical indication.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The effect of total radiation dose (TRD) on the outcome of @entity0 with postoperative radiotherapy (RT) for @entity3 of @entity2 was assessed. Sixty-seven @entity0 with esophagectomy, followed by @entity1 for @entity3 of @entity2 from June 1984 through February 2001, were retrospectively reviewed. Of these, 13 @entity0 were excluded. No @entity0 had chemotherapy. @entity0 were classified into two groups based on TRD delivered: TRD of less than 50 Gy (Group A, n = 16) and at least 50 Gy (Group B, n = 38). Follow-up duration of all @entity0 ranged from 4 to 140 months (median, 14). Median TRD of Group A and B were 45 Gy (range, 45-48.6) and 54 Gy (range, 50-59.6), respectively. Median @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and disease-free survival (DFS) of all @entity0 were 15 and 10 months, respectively. Although the TRD of 50 Gy or higher was marginally significant for improved @entity4 (hazard ration [HR] 0.559, P = 0.066), it was statistically significant for improved DFS (HR 0.398, P = 0.011), and locoregional recurrence-free survival (HR 0.165, P = 0.001) with multivariate analysis. Three @entity0 in group A and two in group B experienced a complication of grade 3 or higher. Our study suggests a positive impact of TRD of 50 Gy or higher on DFS and locoregional control, with acceptable morbidity in @entity1 for @entity0 with @entity3 of @entity2 . According to the present analysis, TRD should be at least 50 Gy in @entity1 alone setting.

title: Positive impact of radiation dose on disease free survival and locoregional control in postoperative radiotherapy for XXXX of @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effect of total radiation dose (TRD) on the outcome of @entity0 with postoperative radiotherapy (RT) for @entity3 of @entity2 was assessed. Sixty-seven @entity0 with esophagectomy, followed by @entity1 for @entity3 of @entity2 from June 1984 through February 2001, were retrospectively reviewed. Of these, 13 @entity0 were excluded. No @entity0 had chemotherapy. @entity0 were classified into two groups based on TRD delivered: TRD of less than 50 Gy (Group A, n = 16) and at least 50 Gy (Group B, n = 38). Follow-up duration of all @entity0 ranged from 4 to 140 months (median, 14). Median TRD of Group A and B were 45 Gy (range, 45-48.6) and 54 Gy (range, 50-59.6), respectively. Median @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and disease-free survival (DFS) of all @entity0 were 15 and 10 months, respectively. Although the TRD of 50 Gy or higher was marginally significant for improved @entity4 (hazard ration [HR] 0.559, P = 0.066), it was statistically significant for improved DFS (HR 0.398, P = 0.011), and locoregional recurrence-free survival (HR 0.165, P = 0.001) with multivariate analysis. Three @entity0 in group A and two in group B experienced a complication of grade 3 or higher. Our study suggests a positive impact of TRD of 50 Gy or higher on DFS and locoregional control, with acceptable morbidity in @entity1 for @entity0 with @entity3 of @entity2 . According to the present analysis, TRD should be at least 50 Gy in @entity1 alone setting.

title: Positive impact of radiation dose on disease free survival and locoregional control in postoperative radiotherapy for @entity3 of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Infliximab was launched for the treatment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in 1999. We set up a follow-up protocol to meticulously study disease development with repeated infusions of infliximab. AIM: To follow the effects of infliximab treatment on disease activity, blood chemistry, quality of life, plasma @entity6 , and titers of @entity2 cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA). METHODS: During 1999-2008, @entity1 @entity0 were monitored for disease activity by Harvey-Bradshaw index, blood chemistry with hemoglobin, albumin, @entity4 , platelet count, leukocyte count and @entity3 , quality of life by the Short Health Scale, and plasma @entity6 . During the first year of treatment, follow-up was done repeatedly before and 1 week after each infusion and thereafter every year before the last infusion for 5 years. ASCA was analyzed by flow cytometry with @entity5 -labelled antibodies. RESULTS: A total of 1061 infusions were given to 103 @entity0 ; 92 responders and 11 nonresponders. Responders were further monitored and Harvey-Bradshaw index decreased with infusions during the first year of treatment (P < 0.0001), whereas hemoglobin (P < 0.01) and albumin (P <0.001) increased, @entity4 (P < 0.01) decreased, platelets (P <0.001) increased, and leukocytes (P< 0.01) decreased. @entity3 was not affected. Short Health Scale (questions analyzed separately) decreased (P < 0.0001), and @entity6 (P < 0.001) increased. During the next 4 years the improved values remained stable. Adverse effects were noted among 32% of the @entity0 ; local circulatory reactions being most common. No correlation between ASCA titers and inflammatory activity or infliximab treatment was found. CONCLUSION: Infliximab treatment is highly effective in responders and maintains symptomatic improvement and low inflammatory activity over years in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Infliximab in clinical routine: experience with XXXX and biomarkers of inflammation over 5 years.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The role of EEG and evoked potentials has not been evaluated in predicting the prognosis of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity5 . The present study was aimed at evaluating the prognostic significance of clinical, radiological, and neurophysiological variables using multi-variable analysis. METHODS: @entity0 with @entity10 diagnosed on the basis of clinical, radiological, and CSF criteria have been prospectively evaluated. All the @entity0 were subjected to a detailed neurological evaluation. The outcome was defined 6 months after starting treatment on the basis of the Barthel index (BI) score into poor (BI <12) and good recovery (BI> or =12). @entity1 was included in the poor recovery group for statistical analysis. Thirteen clinical (age, sex, @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity11 , @entity6 scale score, @entity9 therapy), CT ( @entity7 , @entity8 , @entity12 ) and neurophysiological (EEG, motor and somatosensory evoked potentials) variables were evaluated employing single variable logistic regression followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. The best set of predictors were obtained by stepdown logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Fifty four @entity0 were included in the present study. Their age ranged between 5 and 62 years, 11 were @entity0 younger than 12 years and 14 were female. Nine @entity0 were in stage I @entity5 , 12 in stage II, and 33 in stage III. On single variable logistic regression analysis the significant predictors of 6 months outcome of @entity10 included @entity4 , @entity6 scale (GCS), motor evoked potential (MEP) and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP). On multivariable analysis the best set of predictors comprised @entity4 , GCS, and SEP. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity10 @entity4 , GCS, and SEP are the best predictors of 6 month outcome.

title: Role of clinical, radiological, and neurophysiological changes in predicting the outcome of XXXX : a multivariable analysis.

answer: @entity10


abstract: Since a report in 1996 of 10 cases of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) with onset in a younger than usual age, a pattern of the disease has emerged. This includes early @entity1 and sensory symptoms and neurological signs such as ataxia and @entity5 later in the course of the disease. Three @entity0 with varied clinical presentations and disease course seen at a single neurology unit are described. The first @entity0 was characterised by cognitive and @entity1 symptoms together with neurological signs. The second @entity0 presented with unusual behavioural disturbance and episodes of collapse. The third @entity0 exhibited striking @entity2 and had abnormal CSF and MRI findings. All @entity0 succumbed in a state of @entity6 mutism and @entity4 . All three @entity0 had the @entity3 / @entity3 genotype at codon 129 of the @entity8 gene and in two of the three @entity0 a tonsil biopsy was performed with positive results. These two @entity0 also tested positive for the 14.3.3. protein in the CSF. Whereas late features of the disease seem very similar in all cases, the initial presentation was variable and underlines the uncertainty of the range of the clinical phenotype. Successful diagnosis demands a high index of clinical suspicion.

title: New variant XXXX : three case reports from Leicestershire.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Biliary leaks and injuries are not an uncommon occurrence following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. @entity7 associated with the biliary anatomic variant of a low-inserting right segmental hepatic duct can be particularly difficult to diagnose in that results of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) are usually interpreted as "normal" with no leaks demonstrated. The aim of this study was to describe a single institution's experience with nine @entity0 with biliary leaks associated with this anatomic variant and to discuss their management. A retrospective analysis of the hospital records of all @entity0 with @entity7 managed at a single institution between 1980 and July 1998, inclusive, was performed. Nine @entity0 were identified as having an isolated @entity1 associated with a biliary leak. Seven (78%) of the nine @entity0 had undergone a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, whereas the remaining two @entity0 (22%) had undergone an open cholecystectomy. All of the @entity0 had undergone endoscopic retrograde cholangiography at outside institutions, the results of which had been interpreted as normal with no apparent leaks. The median interval from the time of cholecystectomy to referral was 1.4 months. All @entity0 were managed with initial percutaneous access of the involved @entity3 , with placement of a percutaneous transhepatic stent. After the biliary leak was controlled, all @entity0 underwent Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy to the isolated biliary segment. All @entity0 had an uncomplicated postoperative course. There were no postoperative @entity6 . Postoperative stenting was maintained for a mean of 8 months. Six (67%) of the nine @entity0 had a long-term successful outcome with minimal or no symptoms. In three @entity0 , recurrent symptoms with @entity2 and/or @entity4 developed at a mean of 34 months. All three @entity0 underwent percutaneous cholangiography, which demonstrated an anastomotic stricture, and all were managed with percutaneous @entity5 with a successful outcome. Currently eight (89%) of the nine @entity0 are asymptomatic, with a mean follow-up of 70.4 months (range 12 to 226 months). One @entity0 had intermittent right upper @entity2 with normal liver function tests but has not required intervention. Isolated @entity1 with biliary leakage is an uncommon complication following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A diagnostic dilemma is created by the presence of a @entity7 with a normal endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram. Management begins with percutaneous access of the transected isolated ductal system followed by reconstruction as a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy.

title: Isolated XXXX : a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors attempt to determine whether typical clinical and laboratory manifestations of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) are in accordance to what has been traditionally described and how useful the Jones criteria are for diagnosis. METHODS: Data from 81 cases of @entity6 were retrospectively collected. INCLUSION CRITERIA: 5 to 15 years of age and diagnosis of @entity6 confirmed by 2 or more rheumatologists, sustained for at least 6 months and two or more visits. RESULTS: @entity0 had more @entity7 (23/50.0% vs. 5/14.3%)(p< 0.0001). Cardiovascular (65/80.2%) and joint involvements (63 / 77.8%) were the most frequent manifestations. Fever was noted in roughly half of the @entity0 . @entity3 was more frequent than @entity8 (47/58.0% vs. 16/19.8%, respectively) (p< 0.0001); however, no specific @entity5 was found to be more prevalent. @entity2 was the most frequently detected echocardiographic sign (53 / 93.0%) and its association with @entity1 was noted in 27 / 47.4% @entity0 . Only 24 / 29.6% @entity0 fulfilled Jones criteria for @entity6 requiring an evidence of previous group-A @entity4 (GASI). When compulsory GASI was disregarded, this number rose to 71/87.7% @entity0 (p< 0.0001). CONCLUSION: @entity0 were more affected by @entity7 ; heart valves and joints were equally affected and represented the major clinical features; no specific @entity5 (eg.: @entity3 ) could be labeled as typical; and strict adherence to Jones criteria, with compulsory documentation of a previous GASI, may lead to underdiagnosis of @entity6 .

title: Jones criteria and underdiagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and immunologic outcome of cryopreserved arterial allograft ( @entity5 ) revascularization of intrathoracic vessels invaded by @entity2 . METHODS: Since January 2002, consecutive @entity0 whose intrathoracic vessels were invaded by @entity2 were operated on and revascularizion made using human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)- and ABO-mismatched CAAs. Immunologic studies were performed preoperatively, and 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Postoperative oral anticoagulation therapy was not given. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity0 aged 53.1 +/- 15 years with @entity4 (n = 10), invasive @entity2 (n = 7), pulmonary @entity3 (n = 3), laryngeal (n = 2), or other @entity1 (n = 4) underwent operation. Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in 10 cases (38%), and all resections were pathologically complete. Revascularization was either for venous (n = 12) or arterial (n = 14) vessels, and a total of 30 allografts revascularized the superior vena cava (n = 6), pulmonary artery (n = 7), innominate vein (n = 3) or artery (n = 2), ascendent (n = 4) or descending (n = 1) aorta, and subclavian vein (n = 3) or artery (n = 4). Hospital morbidity and mortality were 50% (n = 13) and 3.8% (n = 1), respectively, all @entity5 unrelated. With a median follow-up of 18 months (range, 3 to 60+), 5-year survival and allograft patency were 84% and 95%, respectively. Preoperative anti-HLA antibodies were detected in 2 @entity0 (7.7%) and a postoperative anti-HLA antibody response, clinically irrelevant, in 1 of 24 @entity0 (4%). CONCLUSIONS: Revascularization of intrathoracic venous and arterial vessels in @entity0 with @entity2 using HLA- and ABO-mismatched @entity5 is technically feasible and clinically attractive because of no infection risk and postoperative anticoagulation, and excellent long-term survival, patency, and nonimmunogeneicity.

title: Cryopreserved arterial allograft reconstruction after excision of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is a rare stenotic lesion of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). We characterized the natural history of the disease and the effect of surgical intervention. METHODS: Ninety-five @entity0 diagnosed with @entity5 between 1976 and 2006 were studied. Procedural and repeated echocardiography reports were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity2 morphology (localized, 82%; diffuse, 18%) was independent of @entity3 (n = 59, 62%). The risk of open operation (n = 47) was 46% +/- 6% at 10 years. Increased risk of operation was associated with higher baseline LVOT peak gradients (p < 0.001), smaller minimum LVOT z scores (p < 0.01; thresholds > 50 mm Hg and < -3, respectively), and the absence of @entity3 (p = 0.01). @entity0 who did not undergo operations had gradually reducing LVOT gradients and enlarging ascending aorta z scores over time. Persistently small minimum LVOT z scores and higher gradients were associated with @entity0 who required an operation. Operation resulted in persistent relief of @entity4 and accelerated increases in ascending aorta dimensions. Overall survival was 94% +/- 3% and 85% +/- 7% at 10 and 15 years and was similar for surgical and nonsurgical groups. No independent risk factors for @entity1 were identified on univariate or multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Many @entity0 -particularly those with @entity3 -show regression of @entity2 without intervention. @entity0 who undergo operation have high LVOT gradients and smaller LVOT z scores that do not improve over time. Surgical intervention alters the natural history: @entity4 is relieved and does not recur, and ascending aortic dimensions progressively enlarge towards normal values.

title: XXXX : defining surgical and nonsurgical outcomes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association of @entity1 with total @entity3 (TAPVD) is rare. We report our experience with this condition and review the literature. METHODS: Between January 1997 and May 2008, 6 @entity0 (aged 3 months to 5 years; median weight, 10 kg) with combined @entity1 with TAPVD underwent complete primary repair at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Their records were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A correct preoperative diagnosis was available in 5 @entity0 by echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. Four @entity0 had supracardiac TAPVD, and 1 each had TAPVD to the coronary sinus and right atrium. There were no early or late deaths. Median follow-up was 37.5 months +/- 46.8 months (range, 2 to 112). All @entity0 are in New York Heart Association class I. Follow-up echocardiograms have revealed no significant abnormalities and have documented normal biventricular function and pulmonary artery pressures. One @entity0 underwent a 24-hour Holter examination at 68 months of follow-up for investigation of a new-onset 2:1 @entity2 , for which a permanent pacemaker implantation is planned. CONCLUSIONS: When diagnosed accurately, complete primary repair is possible in @entity0 with @entity1 and TAPVD and the outcomes are satisfactory with planned surgery.

title: Tetralogy of Fallot with total XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Thirty three consecutive @entity0 with clinically suspected @entity3 were studied by both precordial cross sectional echocardiography and transoesophageal echocardiography. The diagnostic value of both techniques was assessed. The data were compared with findings at operation in 25 @entity0 . In 21 @entity0 with @entity2 precordial echocardiography showed evidence of @entity1 in six @entity0 and suggested their presence in nine. Transoesophageal echocardiography identified @entity1 in 18 @entity0 . Complications were seen in four @entity0 at precordial echocardiography and in nine @entity0 at transoesophageal echocardiography. Precordial echocardiography did not show @entity1 in any of the 12 @entity0 with @entity2 whereas transoesophageal echocardiography showed @entity1 in four. Complications were seen in four @entity0 at precordial echocardiography and in 10 at transoesophageal echocardiography. Echocardiographic findings were confirmed at operation in all 25 operated @entity0 . In two @entity0 both echocardiographic techniques had missed the perforation of the cusps of the aortic valve that was seen at operation, but this had no effect on @entity0 management. Transoesophageal echocardiography is the best diagnostic approach when @entity3 is suspected in @entity0 with either native or prosthetic valves.

title: Enhanced morphological diagnosis in XXXX by transoesophageal echocardiography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several histopathologic variants of cutaneous @entity4 have been recognized. In our consultation dermatopathology practice, we encountered a variant of @entity6 which, to our knowledge, has not been reported. OBJECTIVE: We report 3 cases of @entity5 , all of them manifesting prominent intratumoral @entity3 dominating over the residuum of the @entity1 and occurring on the acral sites. METHODS: We conducted a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study, which is complemented by a literature review. RESULTS: All 3 @entity0 were @entity0 ranging in age from 57 to 72 years. Each presented clinically with a slowly growing, firm mass. The lesion was painful in two cases. None of the @entity0 had @entity2 . Microscopically, the lesions were a well-circumscribed, @entity1 composed of mature smooth muscle cells and vascular pattern, which was inconspicuous, but focally dilated blood vessels were present. In all cases, prominent @entity3 were present. Immunohistochemically the spindle cells were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin. LIMITATIONS: This study utilizes tissue specimens that all came as consultations; therefore, some inherent selection bias exists. CONCLUSION: Acral calcified @entity5 is a rare clinicopathological variant of @entity4 which has predilection for acral sites and shows massive @entity3 prevailing over the @entity1 itself.

title: Acral calcified @entity5 of the skin: a rare clinicopathological variant of cutaneous XXXX : report of 3 cases.

answer: @entity5