abstract: BACKGROUND: Physicians report outpatient quality measures from data in electronic health records to facilitate care improvement and qualify for incentive payments. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and validity of exceptions to quality measures and to test a system for classifying the reasons for these exceptions. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING: 5 internal medicine or cardiology practices. @entity0 : 47,075 @entity0 with @entity3 between 2006 and 2007. MEASUREMENTS: Counts of adherence with and exceptions to 4 quality measures, on the basis of automatic reports of recommended drug therapy by computer software and separate manual reviews of electronic health records. RESULTS: 3.5% of @entity0 who had a drug recommended had an exception to the drug and were not prescribed it (95% CI, 3.4% to 3.7%). Clinicians did prescribe the recommended drug for many other @entity0 with exceptions. In 538 randomly selected records, 92.6% (CI, 90.3% to 94.9%) of the exceptions reported automatically by computer software were also exceptions during manual review. Most medical exceptions were clinical contraindications, @entity1 , or drug intolerances. In 592 randomly selected records, an unreported exception or a drug prescription was found during manual review for 74.6% (CI, 71.1% to 78.1%) of @entity0 for whom automatic reporting recorded a @entity2 . LIMITATION: The study used a convenience sample of practices, nonstandardized data extraction methods, only drug-related quality measures, and no financial incentives. CONCLUSION: Exceptions to recommended therapy occur infrequently and are usually valid. Physicians frequently prescribed drugs even when exceptions were present. Automated reports of @entity2 often miss critical information. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

title: Exceptions to outpatient quality measures for XXXX in electronic health records.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab for @entity1 relief in eyes with @entity3 . METHODS: In this prospective case series, 52 eyes with @entity3 were administered intravitreal bevacizumab, 1.25 mg, and monitored for 6 months. The primary outcome measure was change in subjective @entity1 score. Intraocular pressure and @entity2 were evaluated at each visit. Surgical intervention for control of intraocular pressure was performed according to clinical need. RESULTS: Forty-two @entity0 (44 eyes) completed the 6-month follow-up. Subjective @entity1 score was reduced significantly 1 week after intravitreal bevacizumab injection and lasted throughout the follow-up period (median [interquartile range]: baseline, 3 [0-6]; week 1, 1 [0-3]; month 1, 0 [0-1]; month 3, 0 [0-1]; and month 6, 0 [0-0]; Kruskal-Wallis   (2) 31.03; P  <  .001). A rapid, yet relatively transient, @entity2 was also noted ( @entity2 grade at baseline, 4.0 [3-4]; week 1, 2.5 [1-4]; month 1,  2.0 [1-4]; month 3, 3.0 [2-4]; and month 6, 3.0 [2-4],   (2) 23.33; P  <  .001). Four eyes (8%) required more than 1 injection to facilitate further intraocular surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab is a useful adjunct in the management of @entity3 , producing rapid relief of @entity1 . However, we found no evidence to suggest that intravitreal bevacizumab lowers intraocular pressure in eyes with angle closure; conventional medical, laser, and surgical treatment are still needed in these eyes.

title: Intravitreal bevacizumab in XXXX : a prospective, observational case series.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The production of most factors involved in @entity2 virulence is controlled by a two-component regulatory system termed BvgA/S. In the Bvg+ phase virulence-activated genes (vags) are expressed, and virulence-repressed genes (vrgs) are down-regulated. The expression of these genes can also be modulated by @entity1 or @entity0 . In this study we used microarrays to analyse the influence of BvgA/S or modulation on the expression of nearly 200 selected genes. With the exception of one vrg, all previously known vags and vrgs were correctly assigned as such, and the microarray analyses identified several new vags and vrgs, including genes coding for putative autotransporters, two-component systems, extracellular sigma factors, the adenylate cyclase accessory genes cyaBDE, and two genes coding for components of a type III secretion system. For most of the new vrgs and vags the results of the microarray analyses were confirmed by RT-PCR analysis and/or lacZfusions. The degree of regulation and modulation varied between genes, and showed a continuum from strongly BvgA/S-activated genes to strongly BvgA/S-repressed genes. The microarray analyses also led to the identification of a subset of vags and vrgs that are differentially regulated and modulated by @entity1 or @entity0 , indicating that these genes may be targets for multiple regulatory circuits. For example, the expression of bilA, a gene predicted to encode an intimin-like protein, was found to be activated by BvgA/S and up-modulated by @entity0 . Furthermore, surprisingly, in the strain analysed here, which produces only type 2 fimbriae, the fim3 gene was identified as a vrg, while @entity3 was confirmed to be a vag.

title: Differential modulation of XXXX virulence genes as evidenced by DNA microarray analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: This report from five hospitals in Japan describes the results of correcting adult tibial deformities using external fixation. There were 49 @entity0 with 59 @entity5 , with @entity2 being the most common cause of the @entity1 . Varus angulation was the most common @entity1 , and the most common magnitude was 11 degrees -30 degrees. Twenty-two @entity0 had a leg-length discrepancy. The aim of the correction was to normalize both the mechanical @entity3 and the inclination of the knee and @entity4 . In 63% of the @entity0 corrections were performed gradually during bone lengthening or acutely after bone lengthening. Altogether, 71% of the @entity0 were completely corrected, and no leg-length discrepancies remained after correction in 47%. Complications were encountered in 22 @entity0 , about half of which were pin tract infections, 28% refractures, and the remainder delayed consolidation or fixator failure. There were no neurological or circulatory complications. The average fixation duration was 9 months. The average hospital charges were 3,740,000 yen in bilateral correction @entity0 and 1,940,000 yen in unilateral correction @entity0 . External fixation can correct not only the mechanical @entity3 and joint inclination but also leg-length discrepancy simultaneously.

title: Correction of XXXX in adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6 is probably the most frequent @entity2 in infancy and childhood. The classic form of the disease is characterized by bilateral lesions of basal ganglia and brainstem. The extensive involvement of white matter, without radiological @entity1 , is an unusual manifestation of the disease. OBJECTIVE: Four @entity0 who presented the disease during the first year of life are described. @entity0 AND METHODS: The four @entity0 presented a stereotyped clinical picture, consisting of regression of already acquired psychomotor abilities and very prominent pyramidal signs. These clinical manifestations and results of neuroimaging studies suggested a primary @entity5 . Increased values of lactic and piruvic acids suggested a @entity3 . Enzymatic studies confirmed a mitochondrial @entity3 in two @entity0 , and a @entity4 dehydrogenase complex defect in the remaining two @entity0 . The pathological findings in the latter two sisters were consistent with the characteristic microscopic lesions of @entity6 , but with atypical distribution. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of @entity6 must be taken into consideration in @entity0 presenting with a leukodystrophic clinical and radiological pattern, despite the lack of basal ganglia involvement.

title: [Mitochondrial leukoencephalopathy of infancy: is it an early expression of XXXX ?].

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) represent the best evidence in oncology practice. The aim of this study was to assess the reporting quality of @entity2 @entity1 and to identify significant predictors of quality. @entity0 AND METHODS: Two investigators searched MEDLINE for pediatric and adult bone and soft tissue @entity2 @entity1 published between January 1988 and December 2008. The quality of each report was assessed by using a 15-point overall reporting quality score based on 15 items from the revised Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement (overall quality score [OQS] range, 0 to 15 points). Concealment of allocation, appropriate blinding, and analysis according to intention-to-treat principle were assessed separately because of their crucial methodologic importance by using a 3-point key methodologic index score (MIS; range, 0 to 3). RESULTS: We retrieved 72 relevant @entity1 that included 16,029 @entity0 . The median OQS was 9.5. Allocation concealment, blinding, and analysis by intent to treat were reported only in 21 (29%), nine (12.5%), and 23 (32%) of the 72 @entity1 , respectively. The median MIS was 1 with a minimum of 0 and a maximum of 2. On multivariate analysis, publication after 1996 and high impact factor remained independent and significant predictors of improved OQS. The sole variable associated with improved MIS was the publication of chemotherapy-only trials. CONCLUSION: Although the overall quality of @entity2 @entity1 reporting has improved over time, reporting of key methodologic issues remains poor. This may lead to biased interpretation of @entity2 trial results.

title: Quality of randomized controlled trials reporting in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of antigen stimulation on induction of the @entity3 protein 70(HSP70) in the @entity2 cochlea and to explore the role of HSP70 and its autoantibody in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: To establish the animal model of @entity1 , homologous crude inner ear antigen was used to immunize the @entity2 . The expression of HSP70 was detected by immunocytochemistry and the relative staining densities were quantified with a light microscope image analysis system. The autoantibodies against @entity4 in the plasma of animals were tested by Western blot using purified recombinant @entity0 @entity4 as antigen. RESULTS: HSP70 presented in the normal @entity2 cochlea at a lower level. After immunological challenge, the levels of HSP70 immunoreactivity in the immunized animals were significantly increased as compared with control animals. Optical densities of cochleae of immunized animals were significantly greater than those of animals in the control group (P < 0.01). Most of the immunized animals had developed autoantibodies against @entity4 . The incidence of autoantibody in the experimental group was significantly different (P < 0.01) from the control group. CONCLUSION: Antigen stimulation could lead to an increase in the synthesis of HSP70 in the @entity2 cochlea. The detection of autoantibody against @entity4 might have significance in the diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: [The role of @entity3 protein 70 and its autoantibody in experimental autoimmune XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of antigen stimulation on induction of the @entity3 protein 70(HSP70) in the @entity2 cochlea and to explore the role of HSP70 and its autoantibody in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: To establish the animal model of @entity1 , homologous crude inner ear antigen was used to immunize the @entity2 . The expression of HSP70 was detected by immunocytochemistry and the relative staining densities were quantified with a light microscope image analysis system. The autoantibodies against @entity4 in the plasma of animals were tested by Western blot using purified recombinant @entity0 @entity4 as antigen. RESULTS: HSP70 presented in the normal @entity2 cochlea at a lower level. After immunological challenge, the levels of HSP70 immunoreactivity in the immunized animals were significantly increased as compared with control animals. Optical densities of cochleae of immunized animals were significantly greater than those of animals in the control group (P < 0.01). Most of the immunized animals had developed autoantibodies against @entity4 . The incidence of autoantibody in the experimental group was significantly different (P < 0.01) from the control group. CONCLUSION: Antigen stimulation could lead to an increase in the synthesis of HSP70 in the @entity2 cochlea. The detection of autoantibody against @entity4 might have significance in the diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: [The role of XXXX protein 70 and its autoantibody in experimental autoimmune @entity1 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A computed tomography study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to clarify the position of the aorta relative to the spine in @entity0 with @entity1 adolescent idiopathic @entity2 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Several authors have examined the position of the aorta in @entity0 with @entity2 ; however, their analysis included several types of curve. There is a possibility that the position of the aorta differs according to the @entity2 curve type. METHODS: Thirty-eight @entity0 with @entity1 were analyzed. The angle (left pedicle aorta [LtP-Ao] angle) and distance (LtP-Ao distance) from the insertion point of the left pedicle screw to the aorta were measured from T4 through L2. The measured data were evaluated from 4 levels above to 4 levels below the apical vertebra. The difference between lumbar modifiers A and C was examined. Dangerous pedicles, which were defined as those in which the aorta entered the expected area based on the screw direction error and length, were counted from T10 to L2. RESULTS: The aorta was located posterolaterally and adjacent to the vertebra at the middle thoracic level, and anteromedially and distant at the thoracolumbar level. LtP-Ao angle was largest at 1 level above the apical vertebra, and LtP-Ao distance was shortest at 2 levels above. LtP-Ao angle of Lenke 1A was significantly larger than 1C from T11 to L2, and LtP-Ao distance of 1A was significantly shorter than 1C from T11 to L1. When the screw length was 40mm and the direction error was within 10  , there were a large number of dangerous pedicles at T11, regardless of the lumbar modifier. CONCLUSION: The direction error has a potential risk of injuring the aorta around the apical vertebra. The selection of screws of the proper length is necessary to avoid a breach of the anterior vertebral wall at thoracolumbar level, especially at T11. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: The Position of the Aorta Relative to the Vertebrae in XXXX With Lenke Type 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psychogenic @entity2 is difficult to distinguish clinically from benign essential @entity2 (BEB). The blink reflex recovery cycle measures the excitability of @entity0 brainstem interneurons and is abnormal in BEB. We wished to study the blink reflex recovery cycle in @entity0 with atypical (presumed psychogenic) @entity2 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: This was a prospective data collection study investigating the R2 blink reflex recovery cycle at interstimulus intervals (ISI) of 200, 300, 500, 1,000, and 3,000 msec in 10 @entity0 with BEB, 9 @entity0 with @entity3 , and 9 healthy controls. All @entity0 had @entity1 of the orbicularis oculi muscles. To compare individual @entity0 , an R2 recovery index was calculated as average of the recovery values at ISIs of 200, 300, and 500 msec, with the upper limit of normal defined as mean (control group) + 2 SD. RESULTS: The R2 recovery cycle was significantly disinhibited in @entity0 with BEB, whereas @entity0 with @entity3 did not differ from controls on a group level. The upper limit of normal for the R2 recovery index was 61%. The R2 index was abnormal in 9 out of 10 @entity0 with BEB and in none of the @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: A normal blink reflex recovery cycle indicates normal brainstem interneuron excitability. Assessment of the R2 recovery cycle may provide a useful diagnostic tool to distinguish @entity0 with psychogenic @entity2 from BEB and is worthy of further study.

title: The blink reflex recovery cycle differs between essential and presumed psychogenic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the level of knowledge regarding the relationships between oral health, @entity0 , body mass index (BMI; @entity1 ) and lifestyle among students of the Health Sciences Center (HSC), Kuwait, and to explore any possible correlation between students' oral health knowledge, BMI and lifestyle choices. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A stratified random sample was proportionally selected according to the size of each faculty from the 1,799 students. The questionnaire was divided into 3 sections (i.e. demographics, evaluation of oral health knowledge in relation to @entity0 , and evaluation of @entity0 knowledge in relation to lifestyle) and distributed to 532 students. Oral health knowledge was categorized as limited, reasonable or knowledgeable. Lifestyle was classified as healthy or nonhealthy. The BMI was calculated as weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m). ANOVA and x03C7;2 tests were used to test for differences between independent variables. A Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to assess correlations. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Of the 532 questionnaires, 498 (93.6%) were completed. The mean knowledge score was 47.7    25.2; of the 498 students, 235 (47.3%) had a BMI within the normal range, 184 (37.0%) were pre- @entity1 and 67 (13.5%) were @entity1 . Of the 498 students, 244 (49%) had a healthy lifestyle. There was no correlation between oral health knowledge and the other variables; however, there was a correlation between lifestyle and @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In this study, the majority of the students had limited knowledge of oral health in association with @entity0 and lifestyle. More than half of the students fell in the @entity1 .

title: Knowledge of the Relationships between Oral Health, XXXX , Body Mass Index and Lifestyle among Students at the Kuwait University Health Sciences Center, Kuwait.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Supplementation with @entity7 has been determined to aid in the prevention of @entity2 . Decaffeinated green tea extract appears to restore a normal hepatic metabolic profile and attenuate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced effects, thereby preventing @entity5 in @entity0 . @entity0 were maintained on either a @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or HFD for 16 weeks and supplemented with either water or green tea extract (50 mg/kg/day). The body mass increase, serum adiponectin level, and lipid profile were measured over the course of the treatment. Furthermore, the AMPK pathway protein expression in the liver was measured. From the fourth week, the @entity4 in the @entity1 + green tea extract (CE) group was lower than that in the @entity1 + water (CW) group. From the eighth week, the @entity4 in the HFD + water (HFW) group was found to be higher than that in the CW group. Moreover, the @entity4 in the HFD + green tea extract (HFE) group was found to be lower than that in the HFW group. Carcass lipid content was found to be higher in the HFW group than that in the CW and HFE groups. Serum analysis showed reduced non-esterified @entity3 level in the CE and HFE groups as compared with their corresponding placebo groups. Increased adiponectin level was observed in the same groups. Increased VLDL-TG secretion was observed in the HFW group as compared with the CW and HFE groups. Increased protein expression of @entity11 , @entity9 , pLKB1, and pAMPK was observed in the HFE group, which explained the reduced expression of ACC, FAS, @entity8 , and @entity10 in this group. These results indicate that the effects of decaffeinated green tea extract may be related to the activation of AMPK via @entity6 in the liver of HFD-fed @entity0 .

title: Green Tea Extract Rich in @entity7 Prevents Fatty Liver by AMPK Activation via XXXX in @entity0 Fed a High-Fat Diet.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Supplementation with @entity7 has been determined to aid in the prevention of @entity2 . Decaffeinated green tea extract appears to restore a normal hepatic metabolic profile and attenuate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced effects, thereby preventing @entity5 in @entity0 . @entity0 were maintained on either a @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or HFD for 16 weeks and supplemented with either water or green tea extract (50 mg/kg/day). The body mass increase, serum adiponectin level, and lipid profile were measured over the course of the treatment. Furthermore, the AMPK pathway protein expression in the liver was measured. From the fourth week, the @entity4 in the @entity1 + green tea extract (CE) group was lower than that in the @entity1 + water (CW) group. From the eighth week, the @entity4 in the HFD + water (HFW) group was found to be higher than that in the CW group. Moreover, the @entity4 in the HFD + green tea extract (HFE) group was found to be lower than that in the HFW group. Carcass lipid content was found to be higher in the HFW group than that in the CW and HFE groups. Serum analysis showed reduced non-esterified @entity3 level in the CE and HFE groups as compared with their corresponding placebo groups. Increased adiponectin level was observed in the same groups. Increased VLDL-TG secretion was observed in the HFW group as compared with the CW and HFE groups. Increased protein expression of @entity11 , @entity9 , pLKB1, and pAMPK was observed in the HFE group, which explained the reduced expression of ACC, FAS, @entity8 , and @entity10 in this group. These results indicate that the effects of decaffeinated green tea extract may be related to the activation of AMPK via @entity6 in the liver of HFD-fed @entity0 .

title: Green Tea Extract Rich in XXXX Prevents Fatty Liver by AMPK Activation via @entity6 in @entity0 Fed a High-Fat Diet.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Supplementation with @entity7 has been determined to aid in the prevention of @entity2 . Decaffeinated green tea extract appears to restore a normal hepatic metabolic profile and attenuate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced effects, thereby preventing @entity5 in @entity0 . @entity0 were maintained on either a @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or HFD for 16 weeks and supplemented with either water or green tea extract (50 mg/kg/day). The body mass increase, serum adiponectin level, and lipid profile were measured over the course of the treatment. Furthermore, the AMPK pathway protein expression in the liver was measured. From the fourth week, the @entity4 in the @entity1 + green tea extract (CE) group was lower than that in the @entity1 + water (CW) group. From the eighth week, the @entity4 in the HFD + water (HFW) group was found to be higher than that in the CW group. Moreover, the @entity4 in the HFD + green tea extract (HFE) group was found to be lower than that in the HFW group. Carcass lipid content was found to be higher in the HFW group than that in the CW and HFE groups. Serum analysis showed reduced non-esterified @entity3 level in the CE and HFE groups as compared with their corresponding placebo groups. Increased adiponectin level was observed in the same groups. Increased VLDL-TG secretion was observed in the HFW group as compared with the CW and HFE groups. Increased protein expression of @entity11 , @entity9 , pLKB1, and pAMPK was observed in the HFE group, which explained the reduced expression of ACC, FAS, @entity8 , and @entity10 in this group. These results indicate that the effects of decaffeinated green tea extract may be related to the activation of AMPK via @entity6 in the liver of HFD-fed @entity0 .

title: Green Tea Extract Rich in @entity7 Prevents Fatty Liver by AMPK Activation via @entity6 in XXXX Fed a High-Fat Diet.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Diffuse @entity5 or isolated @entity5 >or=10 cm long typically are treated with surgical bypass grafting because of limited durability of stent placement. We evaluated the results of stent-graft placement as an option for treatment of these diseases. METHODS: Demographic data for @entity0 undergoing stent-grafting in one or more iliac artery segments were recorded. Technical, clinical, and hemodynamic success, and aortoiliac primary and secondary patency were analyzed with Society for Vascular Surgery/American Association for Vascular Surgery criteria. RESULTS: Thirty-four consecutive @entity0 underwent stent-graft treatment because of @entity3 (65%) or tissue loss (35%). Mean @entity0 age was 63 years, and 38% of @entity0 were @entity0 . Ninety-one percent of @entity0 had @entity2 , 71% had @entity6 , 21% had @entity4 (serum @entity8 > 2.0 mg/dL), and 26% had @entity1 ; 71% were active smokers. TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus C or D disease was present in 85% of @entity0 , complete common or @entity5 was present in 41%, and external iliac @entity7 requiring treatment was present in 94% of @entity0 . Mean lesion length was 13.7 +/- 8 cm. Technical, hemodynamic, and clinical success was achieved in all @entity0 in whom the lesion could be crossed with a wire. Ankle-brachial index increased from.30 +/-.03 to.59 +/-.04. Self-expanding stent grafts were used (Wallgraft, Boston Scientific, Boston, Mass, in 88% of @entity0 ; Viabahn, W. L. Gore, Flagstaff, Ariz, in 12% of @entity0 ). Concomitant common femoral endarterectomy was performed in 53% of @entity0 . At 12 months, primary patency was 70% and primary assisted patency was 88%. Four stent grafts became occluded because of distal external iliac artery or proximal common femoral @entity7 , which required subsequent common femoral endarterectomy and either external iliac artery stent grafting or extraanatomic bypass grafting. Eighty percent (four of five) of primary patency failures were in @entity0 who did not undergo concomitant common femoral endarterectomy at initial stent graft placement. CONCLUSION: Early results of stent-graft placement to treat diffuse @entity5 appear better than our recent experience with stenting alone. Concomitant common femoral endarterectomy or better assessment of femoral disease may improve durability.

title: Early results of stent-grafting to treat diffuse XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of marriage and parenthood in a cohort of @entity1 survivors included in the Off-Therapy Registry maintained by the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology. DESIGN AND METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of 6,044 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 between 1960 and 1998, while aged 0 to 14 years and who were 18 years old or older by December 2003. They were followed up through the regional vital statistics registers until @entity2 or the end of follow up (October 30, 2006), whichever occurred first, and their marital status and date of birth of their @entity0 were recorded. The cumulative probabilities of being married and having a first @entity0 were computed by gender and compared by @entity1 type within the cohort. Marriage and fertility rates (the latter defined as the number of live births per @entity0 -year) were compared with those of the Italian population of the same age, gender, area of residence and calendar period by means of the observed to expected (O/E) ratios. RESULTS: During the follow-up period, 4,633 (77%) subjects had not married. The marriage O/E ratios were 0.56 (95% CI: 0.51-0.61) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.65-0.76) among @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. Overall, 263 @entity0 had 367 liveborn @entity0 , and 473 @entity0 had 697 liveborn @entity0 . The female fertility O/E ratio was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.53-0.62) overall, and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.99-1.17) when analyses were restricted to married/cohabiting @entity0 CONCLUSIONS: Childhood @entity1 survivors are less likely to marry and to have @entity0 than the general population, confirming the life-long impact of their previous disease on their social behavior and choices. The inclusion of counseling in the strategies of management and long-term surveillance of @entity1 @entity0 could be beneficial to survivors as they approach adulthood.

title: Marriage and parenthood among XXXX survivors: a report from the Italian AIEOP Off-Therapy Registry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Importance: Contact @entity1 to @entity5 (MI) or to the combined formulation of @entity6 and MI (MCI-MI) has increased significantly, with a frequency of as much as 11.1% in @entity0 with @entity2 ; however, few cohort studies in the US population have been reported. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI and MCI-MI and the outcomes of @entity0 with positive patch test reactions to MI and MCI-MI. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : Retrospective medical record review of all consecutive @entity0 (n   =   703) presenting with possible @entity3 and subsequently undergoing patch testing at a tertiary referral center from January 1, 2012, through November 30, 2014. Patch testing used the North American @entity4 Group standard series. The MCI-MI concentration was 100 ppm; the MI concentration in the screening series increased from 200 to 2000 ppm in January 2013. Demographic data, exposures, and outcomes were reported for @entity0 with positive patch test reactions to MI and/or MCI-MI. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2014, through January 31, 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures: Positive patch test reaction to MI and/or MCI-MI and identification of the relevance of contact @entity1 to these preservatives. Follow-up after allergen avoidance was determined when available. Results: Of the 703 @entity0 who underwent patch testing, contact @entity1 to MI and/or MCI-MI occurred in 57 @entity0 (8.1%), with 35 reactions to MI only, 5 reactions to MCI-MI only, and 17 reactions to both. Prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI increased from 6 of 236 @entity0 (2.5%) in 2012 to 16 of 235 @entity0 (6.8%) in 2014. The most commonly affected sites were the hands and face. Contact @entity1 to MI and/or MCI-MI was occupationally related in 4 cases. Cosmetics, soaps and cleansers (including wet wipes), and hair care products accounted for all identified sources. Twenty-three @entity0 had follow-up data, and 17 of these (74%) improved with allergen avoidance. Conclusions and Relevance: The increasing prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI alone supports its addition to the standard series to identify cases missed by testing only for MCI-MI. Recent regulations by the European Commission have banned MCI-MI in all leave-on body products as of July 16, 2015. Currently recommended US regulations are less stringent; however, US regulatory agencies must act to ensure @entity0 safety.

title: Patch Testing for XXXX and @entity6 - @entity5 Contact Allergy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Importance: Contact @entity1 to @entity5 (MI) or to the combined formulation of @entity6 and MI (MCI-MI) has increased significantly, with a frequency of as much as 11.1% in @entity0 with @entity2 ; however, few cohort studies in the US population have been reported. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI and MCI-MI and the outcomes of @entity0 with positive patch test reactions to MI and MCI-MI. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : Retrospective medical record review of all consecutive @entity0 (n   =   703) presenting with possible @entity3 and subsequently undergoing patch testing at a tertiary referral center from January 1, 2012, through November 30, 2014. Patch testing used the North American @entity4 Group standard series. The MCI-MI concentration was 100 ppm; the MI concentration in the screening series increased from 200 to 2000 ppm in January 2013. Demographic data, exposures, and outcomes were reported for @entity0 with positive patch test reactions to MI and/or MCI-MI. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2014, through January 31, 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures: Positive patch test reaction to MI and/or MCI-MI and identification of the relevance of contact @entity1 to these preservatives. Follow-up after allergen avoidance was determined when available. Results: Of the 703 @entity0 who underwent patch testing, contact @entity1 to MI and/or MCI-MI occurred in 57 @entity0 (8.1%), with 35 reactions to MI only, 5 reactions to MCI-MI only, and 17 reactions to both. Prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI increased from 6 of 236 @entity0 (2.5%) in 2012 to 16 of 235 @entity0 (6.8%) in 2014. The most commonly affected sites were the hands and face. Contact @entity1 to MI and/or MCI-MI was occupationally related in 4 cases. Cosmetics, soaps and cleansers (including wet wipes), and hair care products accounted for all identified sources. Twenty-three @entity0 had follow-up data, and 17 of these (74%) improved with allergen avoidance. Conclusions and Relevance: The increasing prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI alone supports its addition to the standard series to identify cases missed by testing only for MCI-MI. Recent regulations by the European Commission have banned MCI-MI in all leave-on body products as of July 16, 2015. Currently recommended US regulations are less stringent; however, US regulatory agencies must act to ensure @entity0 safety.

title: Patch Testing for @entity5 and @entity6 - XXXX Contact Allergy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Importance: Contact @entity1 to @entity5 (MI) or to the combined formulation of @entity6 and MI (MCI-MI) has increased significantly, with a frequency of as much as 11.1% in @entity0 with @entity2 ; however, few cohort studies in the US population have been reported. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI and MCI-MI and the outcomes of @entity0 with positive patch test reactions to MI and MCI-MI. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : Retrospective medical record review of all consecutive @entity0 (n   =   703) presenting with possible @entity3 and subsequently undergoing patch testing at a tertiary referral center from January 1, 2012, through November 30, 2014. Patch testing used the North American @entity4 Group standard series. The MCI-MI concentration was 100 ppm; the MI concentration in the screening series increased from 200 to 2000 ppm in January 2013. Demographic data, exposures, and outcomes were reported for @entity0 with positive patch test reactions to MI and/or MCI-MI. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2014, through January 31, 2015. Main Outcomes and Measures: Positive patch test reaction to MI and/or MCI-MI and identification of the relevance of contact @entity1 to these preservatives. Follow-up after allergen avoidance was determined when available. Results: Of the 703 @entity0 who underwent patch testing, contact @entity1 to MI and/or MCI-MI occurred in 57 @entity0 (8.1%), with 35 reactions to MI only, 5 reactions to MCI-MI only, and 17 reactions to both. Prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI increased from 6 of 236 @entity0 (2.5%) in 2012 to 16 of 235 @entity0 (6.8%) in 2014. The most commonly affected sites were the hands and face. Contact @entity1 to MI and/or MCI-MI was occupationally related in 4 cases. Cosmetics, soaps and cleansers (including wet wipes), and hair care products accounted for all identified sources. Twenty-three @entity0 had follow-up data, and 17 of these (74%) improved with allergen avoidance. Conclusions and Relevance: The increasing prevalence of contact @entity1 to MI alone supports its addition to the standard series to identify cases missed by testing only for MCI-MI. Recent regulations by the European Commission have banned MCI-MI in all leave-on body products as of July 16, 2015. Currently recommended US regulations are less stringent; however, US regulatory agencies must act to ensure @entity0 safety.

title: Patch Testing for @entity5 and XXXX - @entity5 Contact Allergy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Venous @entity3 fibroblasts demonstrate decreased proliferative responses to growth factor stimulation, suggesting cellular senescence. However, the role of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) disease progression and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in agonist-induced cellular proliferation is ill-defined. We hypothesize that @entity5 -induced fibroblast proliferative resistance to growth factors worsens with disease progression and is regulated by the composition of ECM. METHODS: Fibroblast explants were isolated from biopsy specimens from two @entity0 without @entity5 and 16 @entity0 with @entity5 of the lower @entity1 (LC) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and stratified according to CEAP disease severity: non- @entity5 (NC; n = 2), class 2-3 (n = 5), class 4 (n = 5), class 5 (n = 3), and class 6 (n = 3). Proliferation experiments were standardized with a neonatal foreskin fibroblast cell line (HS68). A 10-day course and dose response experiment with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ng/mL of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) demonstrated maximal cell proliferation at 5 ng/mL of @entity4 on day 4. Under these conditions, @entity5 dermal fibroblasts were challenged with and without @entity4 and evaluated for proliferative responses on plates coated with @entity2 , collagen, and fibronectin. RESULTS: No differences in unstimulated proliferation were observed in @entity6 and LC fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 2-3 disease and @entity6 fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 4 and 5 disease, compared with NC and HS68 cells. LC fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 4 disease (P <.05) and class 5 disease (P <.001), and LC (P <.001), and @entity6 fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 6 disease (P <.001) proliferated to a lesser degree than did NC and HS68 cells. The diminished proliferation observed in class 4 LC cells was reversible with @entity4 stimulation (P <.004); however, class 5 and class 6 LC and @entity6 fibroblasts did not respond to stimulation with @entity4 . Collagen increased proliferation of HS68 cells with (P <.05) and without (P <.01) @entity4 , compared with cells grown on @entity2 , but did not increase proliferative responses in NC or @entity5 fibroblasts with and without @entity4 . Similarly, fibronectin increased proliferation of HS68 cells (P <.05) compared with cells grown on @entity2 , but did not alter proliferation in @entity5 fibroblasts. Fibronectin did seem to inhibit @entity4 -induced proliferation observed in class 4 LC cells. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that clinical disease progression correlates with cellular dysfunction. Fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 2-3 disease retain their unstimulated and agonist- induced proliferative capacity, compared with NC and HS68 cells. The onset of inflammatory skin changes (class 4 and class 5 disease) diminishes agonist-induced proliferation, and @entity3 formation (class 6 disease) severely inhibits it. In addition, the composition of ECM does not affect @entity4 -induced proliferation of fibroblasts in @entity5 .

title: Altered proliferative responses of dermal fibroblasts to @entity4 may contribute to chronic venous stasis XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Venous @entity3 fibroblasts demonstrate decreased proliferative responses to growth factor stimulation, suggesting cellular senescence. However, the role of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) disease progression and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in agonist-induced cellular proliferation is ill-defined. We hypothesize that @entity5 -induced fibroblast proliferative resistance to growth factors worsens with disease progression and is regulated by the composition of ECM. METHODS: Fibroblast explants were isolated from biopsy specimens from two @entity0 without @entity5 and 16 @entity0 with @entity5 of the lower @entity1 (LC) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and stratified according to CEAP disease severity: non- @entity5 (NC; n = 2), class 2-3 (n = 5), class 4 (n = 5), class 5 (n = 3), and class 6 (n = 3). Proliferation experiments were standardized with a neonatal foreskin fibroblast cell line (HS68). A 10-day course and dose response experiment with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ng/mL of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) demonstrated maximal cell proliferation at 5 ng/mL of @entity4 on day 4. Under these conditions, @entity5 dermal fibroblasts were challenged with and without @entity4 and evaluated for proliferative responses on plates coated with @entity2 , collagen, and fibronectin. RESULTS: No differences in unstimulated proliferation were observed in @entity6 and LC fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 2-3 disease and @entity6 fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 4 and 5 disease, compared with NC and HS68 cells. LC fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 4 disease (P <.05) and class 5 disease (P <.001), and LC (P <.001), and @entity6 fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 6 disease (P <.001) proliferated to a lesser degree than did NC and HS68 cells. The diminished proliferation observed in class 4 LC cells was reversible with @entity4 stimulation (P <.004); however, class 5 and class 6 LC and @entity6 fibroblasts did not respond to stimulation with @entity4 . Collagen increased proliferation of HS68 cells with (P <.05) and without (P <.01) @entity4 , compared with cells grown on @entity2 , but did not increase proliferative responses in NC or @entity5 fibroblasts with and without @entity4 . Similarly, fibronectin increased proliferation of HS68 cells (P <.05) compared with cells grown on @entity2 , but did not alter proliferation in @entity5 fibroblasts. Fibronectin did seem to inhibit @entity4 -induced proliferation observed in class 4 LC cells. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that clinical disease progression correlates with cellular dysfunction. Fibroblasts from @entity0 with class 2-3 disease retain their unstimulated and agonist- induced proliferative capacity, compared with NC and HS68 cells. The onset of inflammatory skin changes (class 4 and class 5 disease) diminishes agonist-induced proliferation, and @entity3 formation (class 6 disease) severely inhibits it. In addition, the composition of ECM does not affect @entity4 -induced proliferation of fibroblasts in @entity5 .

title: Altered proliferative responses of dermal fibroblasts to XXXX may contribute to chronic venous stasis @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: Athletes in Malaysia need to perform in a hot and humid environment due to the climatic nature of the country. Chronic supplementation of @entity6 (PG) (a deciduous perennial plant belonging to the Araliaceae family) enhances physical performance. As the ergogenic effect of acute supplementation of PG on endurance performance has not been explored in the Malaysian population especially in a hot and humid condition this study was taken up. METHODS: Nine heat adapted recreational runners (age: 25.4    6.9 yr, body mass: 57.6    8.4 kg; body height: 168.3    7.6 cm) were recruited in this placebo-controlled double-blind randomized study. Subjects ingested 200 mg of PG one hour before the exercise test on treadmill at 70 per cent of their VO2max in a laboratory environment of 31   C and 70 per cent relative humidity. They drank 3 ml/kg body weight of cool water every 20 min during the exercise to prevent adverse effects of @entity5 . Blood samples were drawn every 20 min for the analysis of @entity1 , @entity3 , insulin and free @entity4 . @entity0 uptake was determined every 20 min while heart rate, body and skin temperatures, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded every 10 min during the trials. RESULTS: Endurance running time to exhaustion did not differ between PG and placebo trials. Heart rate, skin temperature, core body temperature, @entity0 uptake, RPE, plasma insulin, @entity1 , free @entity2 and @entity3 levels during the endurance exercise did not show any significant differences between the trials. INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that acute supplementation of 200 mg of PG did not affect the endurance running performance of the heat-adapted male recreational runners in the heat.

title: Effects of acute supplementation of XXXX on endurance running in a hot _ humid environment.

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the analgesic and side effects of adding @entity5 to @entity6 in emergency department @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study was conducted at an urban teaching @entity4 with an annual census of 44,000. One hundred two @entity0 aged 18 to 70 years with @entity3 caused by minor @entity1 within the prior 48 hours were included, and 77 @entity0 completed the protocol. Each @entity0 received a single dose of 800 mg of @entity6 in the @entity4 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 800 mg of @entity6 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 . In addition, 51 @entity0 received a single dose of 10 mg of @entity5 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 10 mg of @entity5 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 ; the remaining 51 @entity0 received an identically labeled placebo capsule and vial of placebo capsules to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 . @entity0 rated the intensity of their @entity2 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes; and 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Telephone follow-up was obtained at 24 and 48 hours, and side effects were elicited at 24 and 48 hours by means of open-ended questioning. RESULTS: The @entity0 in each group were similar with regard to diagnosis and baseline @entity2 score. The number of @entity0 who did not complete the protocol and the number of those who required additional analgesia were similar in both groups. Over the 48 hours of the protocol, the mean VAS score for the combination group decreased from 60.4 to 35.6, and the mean VAS score for the @entity6 alone group decreased from 62.2 to 35.4. The mean VAS scores between groups across time was not statistically significant (P =.962, repeated-measures analysis of variance). At both 24 and 48 hours, central nervous system side effects were reported more frequently in the @entity0 receiving @entity5 (16 [42%] versus 7 [18%] at 24 hours and 15 [39%] versus 5 [13%] at 48 hours, respectively). CONCLUSION: In @entity4 @entity0 with @entity3 , the addition of @entity5 to @entity6 does not improve analgesia but is associated with a greater prevalence of central nervous system side effects.

title: @entity5 with XXXX versus @entity6 alone in @entity3 : a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the analgesic and side effects of adding @entity5 to @entity6 in emergency department @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study was conducted at an urban teaching @entity4 with an annual census of 44,000. One hundred two @entity0 aged 18 to 70 years with @entity3 caused by minor @entity1 within the prior 48 hours were included, and 77 @entity0 completed the protocol. Each @entity0 received a single dose of 800 mg of @entity6 in the @entity4 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 800 mg of @entity6 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 . In addition, 51 @entity0 received a single dose of 10 mg of @entity5 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 10 mg of @entity5 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 ; the remaining 51 @entity0 received an identically labeled placebo capsule and vial of placebo capsules to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 . @entity0 rated the intensity of their @entity2 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes; and 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Telephone follow-up was obtained at 24 and 48 hours, and side effects were elicited at 24 and 48 hours by means of open-ended questioning. RESULTS: The @entity0 in each group were similar with regard to diagnosis and baseline @entity2 score. The number of @entity0 who did not complete the protocol and the number of those who required additional analgesia were similar in both groups. Over the 48 hours of the protocol, the mean VAS score for the combination group decreased from 60.4 to 35.6, and the mean VAS score for the @entity6 alone group decreased from 62.2 to 35.4. The mean VAS scores between groups across time was not statistically significant (P =.962, repeated-measures analysis of variance). At both 24 and 48 hours, central nervous system side effects were reported more frequently in the @entity0 receiving @entity5 (16 [42%] versus 7 [18%] at 24 hours and 15 [39%] versus 5 [13%] at 48 hours, respectively). CONCLUSION: In @entity4 @entity0 with @entity3 , the addition of @entity5 to @entity6 does not improve analgesia but is associated with a greater prevalence of central nervous system side effects.

title: @entity5 with @entity6 versus XXXX alone in @entity3 : a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the analgesic and side effects of adding @entity5 to @entity6 in emergency department @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study was conducted at an urban teaching @entity4 with an annual census of 44,000. One hundred two @entity0 aged 18 to 70 years with @entity3 caused by minor @entity1 within the prior 48 hours were included, and 77 @entity0 completed the protocol. Each @entity0 received a single dose of 800 mg of @entity6 in the @entity4 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 800 mg of @entity6 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 . In addition, 51 @entity0 received a single dose of 10 mg of @entity5 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 10 mg of @entity5 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 ; the remaining 51 @entity0 received an identically labeled placebo capsule and vial of placebo capsules to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 . @entity0 rated the intensity of their @entity2 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes; and 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Telephone follow-up was obtained at 24 and 48 hours, and side effects were elicited at 24 and 48 hours by means of open-ended questioning. RESULTS: The @entity0 in each group were similar with regard to diagnosis and baseline @entity2 score. The number of @entity0 who did not complete the protocol and the number of those who required additional analgesia were similar in both groups. Over the 48 hours of the protocol, the mean VAS score for the combination group decreased from 60.4 to 35.6, and the mean VAS score for the @entity6 alone group decreased from 62.2 to 35.4. The mean VAS scores between groups across time was not statistically significant (P =.962, repeated-measures analysis of variance). At both 24 and 48 hours, central nervous system side effects were reported more frequently in the @entity0 receiving @entity5 (16 [42%] versus 7 [18%] at 24 hours and 15 [39%] versus 5 [13%] at 48 hours, respectively). CONCLUSION: In @entity4 @entity0 with @entity3 , the addition of @entity5 to @entity6 does not improve analgesia but is associated with a greater prevalence of central nervous system side effects.

title: @entity5 with @entity6 versus @entity6 alone in XXXX : a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the analgesic and side effects of adding @entity5 to @entity6 in emergency department @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: A randomized, prospective, double-blind study was conducted at an urban teaching @entity4 with an annual census of 44,000. One hundred two @entity0 aged 18 to 70 years with @entity3 caused by minor @entity1 within the prior 48 hours were included, and 77 @entity0 completed the protocol. Each @entity0 received a single dose of 800 mg of @entity6 in the @entity4 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 800 mg of @entity6 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 . In addition, 51 @entity0 received a single dose of 10 mg of @entity5 and a vial of 6 capsules containing 10 mg of @entity5 to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 ; the remaining 51 @entity0 received an identically labeled placebo capsule and vial of placebo capsules to take every 8 hours as needed after discharge from the @entity4 . @entity0 rated the intensity of their @entity2 on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline; 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 minutes; and 24 and 48 hours after treatment. Telephone follow-up was obtained at 24 and 48 hours, and side effects were elicited at 24 and 48 hours by means of open-ended questioning. RESULTS: The @entity0 in each group were similar with regard to diagnosis and baseline @entity2 score. The number of @entity0 who did not complete the protocol and the number of those who required additional analgesia were similar in both groups. Over the 48 hours of the protocol, the mean VAS score for the combination group decreased from 60.4 to 35.6, and the mean VAS score for the @entity6 alone group decreased from 62.2 to 35.4. The mean VAS scores between groups across time was not statistically significant (P =.962, repeated-measures analysis of variance). At both 24 and 48 hours, central nervous system side effects were reported more frequently in the @entity0 receiving @entity5 (16 [42%] versus 7 [18%] at 24 hours and 15 [39%] versus 5 [13%] at 48 hours, respectively). CONCLUSION: In @entity4 @entity0 with @entity3 , the addition of @entity5 to @entity6 does not improve analgesia but is associated with a greater prevalence of central nervous system side effects.

title: XXXX with @entity6 versus @entity6 alone in @entity3 : a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Organ-sparing pancreatic resection is important in prophylactic surgery for @entity1 . There is controversy regarding the optimal surgical approach for @entity3 in the neck or proximal body of the @entity4 . Central compared with distal pancreatectomy is technically more challenging, but preserves more functional pancreatic tissue. Because of the prophylactic nature of the surgery and long survival of @entity0 with benign and borderline malignant lesions, surgeons need to stratify greater importance to surgical morbidity and sparing @entity4 . @entity0 : The @entity0 is a 59-year-old active @entity0 with a symptomatic @entity1 of the @entity4 exhibiting high-risk imaging features. The cyst of 2.2  *  1.8  cm in the body of the @entity4 was impinging on the portal venous confluence. TECHNIQUE: The @entity0 was positioned in the French Position, the lesser sac was opened, and the pancreatic body exposed. A retropancreatic tunnel was created with staple division of the neck. The body was mobilized off the portal vein and splenic vessels transected. A retrogastric pancreaticogastrostomy was sewn through an anterior gastrotomy. The stent was delivered past the pylorus to decrease pancreatic enzymatic activation. Pathology demonstrated a mixed predominantly branch duct IPMN with multifocal high grade @entity5 and PanIN3. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic ultrasound helps in defining cyst borders, and minimal @entity2 optimizes visualization during the dissection. A minimally invasive pancreaticogastrostomy created through an anterior gastrotomy is technically feasible and safe. This approach can minimize the morbidity of prophylactic pancreatic surgery for @entity0 with @entity1 . Nevertheless, it should not compromise safety, oncologic completeness, or an organ-sparing approach.

title: Total Laparoscopic Central Pancreatectomy with Pancreaticogastrostomy for High-Risk XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Often the underlying cause of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) cannot be found during a routine diagnostic investigation, but paroxysmal @entity1 (PAF) could be the culprit. AIM: The objective of the study is to investigate whether advanced echocardiography improves the diagnostic approach for PAF in @entity2 . METHODS: The study included 286 @entity2 @entity0 with an echocardiogram in sinus rhythm. @entity0 were divided by PAF occurrence (PAF: n   =   86, non-PAF: n   =   200). PAF was defined as 1 or more reported episodes of @entity1 . Echocardiograms consisted of conventional measures, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and speckle tracking. TDI was performed to acquire myocardial peak velocities during systole/ventricular contraction (global s'), early diastole/ventricular filling (global e'), and late diastole/atrial contraction (global a'). Speckle tracking was performed for myocardial strain analysis, thereby retrieving global longitudinal strain and global strain rate (s, e, a) values. RESULTS: @entity0 with PAF exhibited significantly impaired atrial contractile measures: global a' (-7.0   cm/second versus -5.7   cm/second, P   <   .001) and global strain rate a (.97   second(-1) versus .81   second(-1), P   <   .001). Both were univariable markers of PAF, and along with age remained the only independent significant determinants of PAF after multivariable logistic regression. Area under the curve (AUC) for age, global a', and global strain rate a significantly exceeded AUC for age alone (.79 versus .76, P   =   .032). Cutoff values with the highest sensitivity and specificity for these 3 parameters improved the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity   =   97%, specificity   =   32%, negative predictive value   =   95%, and positive predictive value   =   38%). CONCLUSIONS: Atrial contractile measures by advanced echocardiography are significant determinants of PAF in @entity2 . However, there is no discriminatory power to make them clinically useful at the current moment.

title: Predicting XXXX in Cerebrovascular Ischemia Using Tissue Doppler Imaging and Speckle Tracking Echocardiography.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The objective of the present study was to examine the association between low-grade @entity4 and @entity3 in the non-diabetic population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2013 were used in the analyses. @entity0 were excluded from this study if they were younger than 19 years old, or had urine albumin/ @entity5 ratio (UACR)   >=    30   mg/g or @entity1 . There were 10   608 @entity0 included in this study. The @entity0 were divided into three groups according to their UACR tertiles. RESULTS: There were 1560; 1561; and 1552 male and 1982; 1975; and 1978, female @entity0 in the low, middle, and high tertile groups, respectively. The results indicated the association between low-grade @entity4 and the numbers of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) components or Framingham risk score, and the presence of @entity2 or the proportions of @entity0 at high cardiovascular risk. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses demonstrated an association between the UACR and average hearing threshold (AHT) that was observed in both sexes. Multivariate analyses showed that mean AHTs in the low, middle, and high tertile groups were, respectively, 16.127 dB, 17.139 dB, and 18.604 dB for @entity0 , and 14.842 dB, 15.100 dB, and 16.353 dB, respectively, for @entity0 . Low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency hearing thresholds according to UACR tertiles showed similar trends. In both sexes, multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that @entity0 in the low and middle tertile groups had a decreased risk for @entity3 compared to @entity0 in the high tertile group. CONCLUSION: Low-grade @entity4 was associated with @entity3 in the non-diabetic @entity0 of this study. Key messages Low-grade @entity4 is associated with @entity2 and cardiovascular risk in the non-diabetic population. Low-grade @entity4 is associated with hearing thresholds and @entity3 in the non-diabetic population. @entity0 with low-grade @entity4 may be closely monitored for @entity3 .

title: Association between low-grade @entity4 and XXXX in a non-diabetic Korean population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2013).

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The objective of the present study was to examine the association between low-grade @entity4 and @entity3 in the non-diabetic population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2013 were used in the analyses. @entity0 were excluded from this study if they were younger than 19 years old, or had urine albumin/ @entity5 ratio (UACR)   >=    30   mg/g or @entity1 . There were 10   608 @entity0 included in this study. The @entity0 were divided into three groups according to their UACR tertiles. RESULTS: There were 1560; 1561; and 1552 male and 1982; 1975; and 1978, female @entity0 in the low, middle, and high tertile groups, respectively. The results indicated the association between low-grade @entity4 and the numbers of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) components or Framingham risk score, and the presence of @entity2 or the proportions of @entity0 at high cardiovascular risk. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses demonstrated an association between the UACR and average hearing threshold (AHT) that was observed in both sexes. Multivariate analyses showed that mean AHTs in the low, middle, and high tertile groups were, respectively, 16.127 dB, 17.139 dB, and 18.604 dB for @entity0 , and 14.842 dB, 15.100 dB, and 16.353 dB, respectively, for @entity0 . Low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency hearing thresholds according to UACR tertiles showed similar trends. In both sexes, multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that @entity0 in the low and middle tertile groups had a decreased risk for @entity3 compared to @entity0 in the high tertile group. CONCLUSION: Low-grade @entity4 was associated with @entity3 in the non-diabetic @entity0 of this study. Key messages Low-grade @entity4 is associated with @entity2 and cardiovascular risk in the non-diabetic population. Low-grade @entity4 is associated with hearing thresholds and @entity3 in the non-diabetic population. @entity0 with low-grade @entity4 may be closely monitored for @entity3 .

title: Association between low-grade XXXX and @entity3 in a non-diabetic Korean population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2013).

answer: @entity4


abstract: An in vivo fish preparation was used that allowed a direct measure of the transport rates of 14 different organic chemicals across the gills of @entity0 ( @entity0 ). The chemicals, all C14 labeled, were selected from five classes, encompassing a range of @entity1 -water partition coefficient (log P) values, from 0.23 ( @entity3 ) to 7.5 ( @entity2 ). The uptake efficiency (extraction efficiency) of each chemical was determined by monitoring the inspired and expired water of trout exposed to each chemical over an exposure period of 1 to 6 hr. The mean gill extraction efficiency for all chemicals tested varied from a low of 7% to a high of 60%, extracted in a single pall of the chemical across the gills. The extraction efficiency of chemicals with log P or 1 or less were low and showed no relationship to log P. These low extraction efficiencies seen at log P of 1 and below with molecular weights below 100 were indicative of aqueous pore transport. The mean extraction efficiency for chemicals with log P values of 1 to 3 seemed to vary directly with log P, to a maximum of slightly greater than 60%, suggesting that uptake was controlled by the lipid membrane. The mean extraction efficiency for chemicals with log P of 3 to 6 was independent of log P and remained at 60%, which suggested that gill uptake was controlled by aqueous diffusion rates rather than gill membrane permeability. The mean extraction efficiency with mirex (log P = 7.5) decreased to 20%. This behavior was consistent with previous physical models which predict that high log P and melting point (low water solubility) may substantially reduce the rate of accumulation in fish. These studies support the passive diffusion model for the uptake of organics at the gill-water interface.

title: Absorption dynamics of organic chemical transport across trout gills as related to XXXX -water partition coefficient.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2005, the @entity1 in New Zealand was reformed to extend coverage for medical injury removing both 'error' and 'severity' from eligibility criteria. This led to an increase in claiming and claims acceptance rate, thus enlarging the treatment injury claims database. This database provides an unusual 'no-fault' perspective of @entity0 safety events. METHODS: The authors analysed the first 4 years of primary care treatment injury claims data to identify the type, incidence, severity and cause of injury in primary care. RESULTS: There were 6007 primary care treatment injury claims; 64% were accepted as @entity1 . Most claims arose in general practice (62%), and most claimants were female (62%). Most claims were assessed as minor (83%), 12% major, 4% serious and 1% sentinel. Medication caused most @entity1 (38%) and most serious and sentinel @entity1 (60%). Dental treatment caused 16% of @entity1 ; injections and vaccinations combined caused 10%; and venepuncture, cryotherapy and ear syringing combined caused 13.5% of @entity1 , mostly minor. 'Delay in diagnosis' caused few @entity1 overall (2%), but a disproportionate number of serious and sentinel @entity1 (16%) and @entity2 (50%). Spinal/ neck manipulation caused 2% of serious and sentinel @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: New Zealand's no-fault treatment injury claims database provides information about primary care @entity0 safety events from an unusual 'no-fault' perspective. This analysis reinforces previous research identifying medication as a high-risk primary care activity and further identifies other primary care activities (dental care, injections, venepuncture, cryotherapy and ear syringing) as carrying important risks for @entity0 harm.

title: No-fault compensation for treatment injury in New Zealand: identifying threats to XXXX safety in primary care.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The use of laparoscopy for the excision of adrenal metastasis remains controversial. We aimed to report oncological and perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic excision of adrenal metastases and to seek for predictive factors of unfavorable oncological outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted and all consecutive @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) in the setting of @entity1 in two academic urology departments from November 2006 through January 2014 were included. @entity1 were categorized as pulmonary, renal or "other primary" @entity1 to allow statistical comparison. Unfavorable surgical outcomes were defined as the occurrence of either @entity2 and/or positive surgical margins. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity0 who underwent a total of 45 LA were included for analysis. There were 8 complications (17.8%). Positive surgical margins were found in 12 specimens (26.7%). After a median follow-up of 37 months, estimated overall survival rates were 89.5% and 51.5% at 1 year and 5 years, respectively. In multivariable analysis the only predictor of unfavorable surgical outcomes was a @entity1 size >5  cm (OR  =  20.5; p  =  0.001). In multivariate analysis the pulmonary (OR  =  0.3; p  =  0.008) or "other" (OR  =  0.1; p  =  0.0006) origin of the @entity1 was the only prognostic factor of @entity1 specific survival. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic resection of adrenal metastasis can be safely performed in most @entity0 but is associated with an increased risk of positive surgical @entity2 in @entity1 (>5  cm). Adrenalectomy provides better oncological outcomes in metastases from @entity3 compared to other @entity1 .

title: XXXX selection for laparoscopic excision of adrenal metastases: A multicenter cohort study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of @entity3 after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: This study involved 109 @entity0 with @entity2 who were treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and curative resection. Preoperative serum @entity3 levels were measured twice, before chemoradiotherapy administration and 4 weeks after chemoradiotherapy. Surgery was performed 6 to 9 weeks after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: The 3-year disease-free survival rate was 85.0%. On univariate analysis, prechemoradiotherapy @entity3 level, postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 level, @entity2 regression grade, ypT, ypN, circumferential resection margin, lymphatic invasion, @entity1 , and perineural invasion were associated with disease-free survival. Based on univariate analysis (group 1: prechemoradiotherapy @entity3  <= 3.5; group 2: prechemoradiotherapy @entity3 > 3.5, postchemoradiotherapy @entity3  <= 2.7; group 3: prechemoradiotherapy @entity3 >3.5, postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 > 2.7), we categorized @entity0 into 3 groups according to their pre- and postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 levels (ng/mL). The 3-year disease-free survival rate was significantly better in groups 1 and 2 (94.7% and 88.0%) than in group 3 (52.6%, P < .001). On multivariate analysis, @entity2 regression grade (P = .036), ypN (P = .036), and @entity3 groups (P = .022) were identified as independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Furthermore, postchemoradiotherapy @entity3  <= 2.7 ng/mL was an independent predictor of good @entity2 regression (P = .001), ypT0 to 2 (P = .002), and ypN0 (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Combined pre- and postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 levels could be useful as a prognostic factor for disease-free survival in @entity0 with @entity2 who undergo treatment with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and curative resection. Postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 may be helpful in a selection of @entity0 who want more conservative surgery after chemoradiotherapy.

title: The role of carcinoembryonic antigen after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of @entity3 after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: This study involved 109 @entity0 with @entity2 who were treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and curative resection. Preoperative serum @entity3 levels were measured twice, before chemoradiotherapy administration and 4 weeks after chemoradiotherapy. Surgery was performed 6 to 9 weeks after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: The 3-year disease-free survival rate was 85.0%. On univariate analysis, prechemoradiotherapy @entity3 level, postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 level, @entity2 regression grade, ypT, ypN, circumferential resection margin, lymphatic invasion, @entity1 , and perineural invasion were associated with disease-free survival. Based on univariate analysis (group 1: prechemoradiotherapy @entity3  <= 3.5; group 2: prechemoradiotherapy @entity3 > 3.5, postchemoradiotherapy @entity3  <= 2.7; group 3: prechemoradiotherapy @entity3 >3.5, postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 > 2.7), we categorized @entity0 into 3 groups according to their pre- and postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 levels (ng/mL). The 3-year disease-free survival rate was significantly better in groups 1 and 2 (94.7% and 88.0%) than in group 3 (52.6%, P < .001). On multivariate analysis, @entity2 regression grade (P = .036), ypN (P = .036), and @entity3 groups (P = .022) were identified as independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Furthermore, postchemoradiotherapy @entity3  <= 2.7 ng/mL was an independent predictor of good @entity2 regression (P = .001), ypT0 to 2 (P = .002), and ypN0 (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Combined pre- and postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 levels could be useful as a prognostic factor for disease-free survival in @entity0 with @entity2 who undergo treatment with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and curative resection. Postchemoradiotherapy @entity3 may be helpful in a selection of @entity0 who want more conservative surgery after chemoradiotherapy.

title: The role of carcinoembryonic antigen after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extensive @entity4 are difficult to manage. Following resection, arthrodesis of the spine can be performed with instrumentation, but this often fails in the setting of radiation therapy. Use of the free fibula flap for anterior spinal fusion to @entity2 has been described in multiple studies, but its use for posterior spinal fusion has been limited. In addition, its use in the pediatric population for this purpose has not been reported. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of three pediatric cases of cervical and thoracic spine @entity1 resection with posterior fusion of the spine with a microvascular fibula flap over a 2-year period. Data recorded included @entity0 demographics, medical/surgical history, indications for surgery, length of free fibula flap, recipient vessels, ischemic time, number of osteotomies performed on the fibula, complications, and time to computed tomography-documented fusion of the fibula to the remaining spinal column. RESULTS: All three microvascular anastomoses were successfully performed using an arteriovenous loop of saphenous vein graft to the anterior neck or subscapular vessels. The average length of fibula harvested was 23.7 cm, the average length of ischemic time was 220 minutes, the number of osteotomies in all cases was two, and there was bony fusion at an average of 15.7 weeks postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The free fibula flap is ideally suited for accelerated posterior spinal fusion after extensive resection of cervical or thoracic @entity4 . An arteriovenous saphenous vein loop facilitates the microvascular @entity3 in this anatomical region that lacks suitable recipient vessels.

title: Use of the vascularized free fibula graft with an arteriovenous loop for fusion of cervical and thoracic spinal defects in previously irradiated pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In order to evaluate the usefulness of @entity2 staining in predicting the outcome of histological low-grade squamous @entity1 /cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 ( @entity4 /CIN1) we prospectively recruited all the @entity0 referred to colposcopy from 2003 to 2011 due to abnormal screening test results and diagnosed with @entity4 /CIN1 at biopsy (n=507). All biopsies were stained for @entity2 and re-evaluated after three years by the same gynecological pathologist using the LAST criteria. Follow-up was conducted every 6 months and included a Pap test (liquid-based cytology), high-risk @entity3 testing (Hybrid Capture 2 test), and colposcopy. The mean follow-up was 28 months. An outcome diagnosis of @entity4 was defined as a histological diagnosis of high-grade @entity6 / @entity5 ( @entity4 /CIN2-3). The diagnosis of @entity4 /CIN1 was confirmed in 416 out of 507 biopsies (82%), whereas 58 (11%) were reclassified as negative and 33 (6%) as @entity4 /CIN2-3. During follow-up, 86/507 @entity0 initially diagnosed with @entity4 /CIN1 (17%) showed an outcome diagnosis of @entity4 /CIN2-3, with the rate of @entity4 final diagnosis of 3% (2/58) in the @entity0 with biopsies reclassified as negative, 17% (70/416) in the group with confirmed @entity4 and 42% (14/33) in the @entity0 with biopsies reclassified as @entity4 (P<0.001). @entity2 was positive in 245/507 @entity0 (48%) and in 210/416 @entity0 (50%) with confirmed @entity4 /CIN1 at re-evaluation. Although positive @entity2 immunostaining was associated with risk of @entity4 /CIN2-3 outcome in the multivariate analysis (Hazard ratio (HR) 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-3.1; P=0.009) in the overall group of @entity0 with @entity4 /CIN1, this association was not verified in the subset of @entity0 with confirmed @entity4 /CIN1 after re-evaluation (HR: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.9-2.6; P=0.095). In conclusion, in @entity4 /CIN1 lesions @entity2 should be limited to equivocal cases in which @entity4 /CIN2 is included in the differential diagnosis since it has low value in clinical practice as a marker of progression of @entity4 /CIN1.

title: XXXX staining has limited value in predicting the outcome of histological low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ageing has been linked to a high prevalence of @entity1 , which, in turn, has been related to balance @entity2 . The aim of this study was to identify whether there are differences between subjects with and without @entity1 regarding the quality of gait and balance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational study was conducted on institutionalised @entity0 older than 65years (n=82). Gait and balance was evaluated after the assessment of @entity1 using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Single and dual tests were used including, the 6-minute walking, stride length, and gait speed. Timed Up and Go tests were also used to evaluate balance. RESULTS: The @entity0 were divided into three groups: 28 subjects in the group without @entity1 (MMSE>= 27), 29 subjects with mild (27<MMSE <=21) and 26 subjects with moderate @entity1 (MMSE<21). Gait assessment showed significant between-groups differences in all the variables (P<.05). The variables assessing balance also showed significantly worse values in those groups with @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The severity of @entity1 is related to impaired balance and gait, thus the clinical monitoring of these variables in population at risk is needed.

title: [Effects of cognitive state on balance XXXX in institutionalised elderly].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Excitotoxic mechanisms have been implicated in the pathophysiology of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The authors have studied the protection against secondary damage to @entity0 spinal cord with @entity5 , a well-known @entity2 antagonist. @entity0 were randomly allocated into 5 groups. Group 1 @entity0 were controls and normal spinal cord samples were obtained after clinical examination. 50 g-cm contusion injury was introduced to Group 2. Group 3 was vehicle, 1 cc of physiologic saline was injected post- @entity1 . Group 4 and 5 were treatment groups and 100 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of @entity5 was given immediately after @entity1 , intraperitoneally. Animals were evaluated with inclined plane, Tarlov motor scale and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale 24h after @entity3 . Spinal cord samples for ultrastructural evaluations were obtained following clinical examinations. @entity4 treatment improved neurological outcome. Electron microscopic results showed obvious neuroprotection in the treatment groups. Application of 600 mg/kg of @entity4 revealed better ultrastructural findings and clinical results than 100 mg/kg. These findings demonstrated that @entity5 possesses neuroprotection on spinal cord ultrastructure and on functional scores after acute contusion injury to the @entity0 spinal cord.

title: Effect of XXXX in experimental @entity3 : evaluation with ultrastructural findings and early clinical results.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Excitotoxic mechanisms have been implicated in the pathophysiology of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The authors have studied the protection against secondary damage to @entity0 spinal cord with @entity5 , a well-known @entity2 antagonist. @entity0 were randomly allocated into 5 groups. Group 1 @entity0 were controls and normal spinal cord samples were obtained after clinical examination. 50 g-cm contusion injury was introduced to Group 2. Group 3 was vehicle, 1 cc of physiologic saline was injected post- @entity1 . Group 4 and 5 were treatment groups and 100 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of @entity5 was given immediately after @entity1 , intraperitoneally. Animals were evaluated with inclined plane, Tarlov motor scale and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale 24h after @entity3 . Spinal cord samples for ultrastructural evaluations were obtained following clinical examinations. @entity4 treatment improved neurological outcome. Electron microscopic results showed obvious neuroprotection in the treatment groups. Application of 600 mg/kg of @entity4 revealed better ultrastructural findings and clinical results than 100 mg/kg. These findings demonstrated that @entity5 possesses neuroprotection on spinal cord ultrastructure and on functional scores after acute contusion injury to the @entity0 spinal cord.

title: Effect of @entity5 in experimental XXXX : evaluation with ultrastructural findings and early clinical results.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We treated a @entity0 of type IV @entity5 ( @entity7 ) with lower leg paresis due to @entity6 . A 65-year-old @entity0 presented with @entity7 . A lateral radiograph demonstrated the classic bullet-shaped vertebrae and a 65 degrees thoraco-lumbar @entity4 . After the age of 60, she suffered from @entity3 in both lower legs and walking disturbance. Bilateral patellae-tendon reflexes were exaggerated. MRI showed compression of the spinal cord around T12 to L2 with a highlighted area of change inside the spinal cord. Myelography and computed tomography after the myelography showed narrowing of the sub-arachnoidal space and deformation of the spinal cord around the T12 to L2 levels. Severe @entity2 made it necessary to first perform posterior correction of the @entity4 and fusion. The curve was stabilised with the Luque method from T7 to L4. Her @entity1 markedly recovered, but 1 year after surgery her @entity1 again began to deteriorate, resulting in walking disturbance. For this reason, anterior decompression and fusion through a lateral thoracotomy was undertaken. Decompression of the spinal cord and a bone graft from the iliac crest were attained. The @entity0 's @entity1 again improved, but not as much as immediately after the first operation.

title: A case of XXXX with lower leg paresis due to thoraco-lumbar @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: We treated a @entity0 of type IV @entity5 ( @entity7 ) with lower leg paresis due to @entity6 . A 65-year-old @entity0 presented with @entity7 . A lateral radiograph demonstrated the classic bullet-shaped vertebrae and a 65 degrees thoraco-lumbar @entity4 . After the age of 60, she suffered from @entity3 in both lower legs and walking disturbance. Bilateral patellae-tendon reflexes were exaggerated. MRI showed compression of the spinal cord around T12 to L2 with a highlighted area of change inside the spinal cord. Myelography and computed tomography after the myelography showed narrowing of the sub-arachnoidal space and deformation of the spinal cord around the T12 to L2 levels. Severe @entity2 made it necessary to first perform posterior correction of the @entity4 and fusion. The curve was stabilised with the Luque method from T7 to L4. Her @entity1 markedly recovered, but 1 year after surgery her @entity1 again began to deteriorate, resulting in walking disturbance. For this reason, anterior decompression and fusion through a lateral thoracotomy was undertaken. Decompression of the spinal cord and a bone graft from the iliac crest were attained. The @entity0 's @entity1 again improved, but not as much as immediately after the first operation.

title: A case of @entity7 with lower leg paresis due to thoraco-lumbar XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The hypervascularity described in @entity3 varies according to the progression and the differentiation of the @entity0 , suggesting an angiogenic switch during @entity0 development. METHODS: We used a transgenic @entity1 model of @entity3 induced by the expression of SV40-T antigen, in which male @entity1 developed @entity2 at various temporal and histological stages, whereas female @entity1 remained @entity0 -free. We analyzed, by immunostaining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, factors involved in @entity0 . RESULTS: We demonstrated that @entity0 occurred before the development of @entity6 . We showed that some SV40-T-positive cells with an endothelial phenotype are involved in angiogenic processes, suggesting a partial vasculogenic mimicry. This @entity0 is associated with platelet activation due to tissue factor expression in endothelial cells and invading macrophages. Normal and transgenic livers exhibited different pattern of expression of @entity4 -inducible factor 1 alpha ( @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: This model of @entity3 displays marked @entity0 , with proliferation, remodeling and arterialization of hepatic sinusoids, probably associated with a partial vasculogenic mimicry. Abnormal angiogenesis observed in hepatocarcinoma was associated with platelet activation by tissue factor (TF) produced by endothelial cells and invading macrophages. In this transgenic model, @entity7 , @entity5 , and TF play a crucial role in @entity0 .

title: Tumoral angiogenesis and tissue factor expression during XXXX progression in a transgenic @entity1 model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The hypervascularity described in @entity3 varies according to the progression and the differentiation of the @entity0 , suggesting an angiogenic switch during @entity0 development. METHODS: We used a transgenic @entity1 model of @entity3 induced by the expression of SV40-T antigen, in which male @entity1 developed @entity2 at various temporal and histological stages, whereas female @entity1 remained @entity0 -free. We analyzed, by immunostaining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, factors involved in @entity0 . RESULTS: We demonstrated that @entity0 occurred before the development of @entity6 . We showed that some SV40-T-positive cells with an endothelial phenotype are involved in angiogenic processes, suggesting a partial vasculogenic mimicry. This @entity0 is associated with platelet activation due to tissue factor expression in endothelial cells and invading macrophages. Normal and transgenic livers exhibited different pattern of expression of @entity4 -inducible factor 1 alpha ( @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: This model of @entity3 displays marked @entity0 , with proliferation, remodeling and arterialization of hepatic sinusoids, probably associated with a partial vasculogenic mimicry. Abnormal angiogenesis observed in hepatocarcinoma was associated with platelet activation by tissue factor (TF) produced by endothelial cells and invading macrophages. In this transgenic model, @entity7 , @entity5 , and TF play a crucial role in @entity0 .

title: Tumoral angiogenesis and tissue factor expression during @entity3 progression in a transgenic XXXX model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of this study is to define the risk factors that predict adverse outcomes for @entity0 undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy for @entity1 in the Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VA). The VA National Surgical Quality Improvement Program prospectively collected data on 462 @entity0 undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy in 123 VA medical centers from 1990 to 2000. Independent variables included 68 preoperative and 12 intraoperative variables. The main outcome measures were 30-day postoperative mortality and morbidity, as measured by a set of 20 pre-defined complications. Predictive models for 30-day morbidity and mortality were constructed using logistic regression analysis. The 30-day morbidity rate was 45.9% (212/462). The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 9.3% (43/462). Significant predictors of mortality included: preoperative serum albumin, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, preoperative @entity3 >20mg/dl, and operative time. The use of preoperative biliary tract instrumentation did not predict @entity2 or septic complications. This study provides a set of preoperative risk factors that are predictive of adverse outcome following pancreaticoduodenectomy. These factors may assist in @entity0 selection for this procedure and are likely to facilitate risk-adjusted comparison of pancreaticoduodenectomy outcomes between different health care systems.

title: Outcome after pancreaticoduodenectomy for XXXX : an analysis from the Veterans Affairs National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The present study has investigated whether low-dose @entity0 ( @entity1 ) can inhibit @entity2 locally at its site of gastrointestinal absorption without concentrations in the systemic circulation high enough for inhibition of cyclooxygenase. For this purpose @entity2 , @entity3 formation as well as @entity1 plasma concentrations were measured in 8 volunteers before oral intake of 100 mg @entity1 as well as 20 to 300 minutes thereafter. At each time 5 ml of blood were mixed with 5 ml of blood obtained from a second, untreated volunteer. Aggregation and @entity3 formation were also determined in these mixed blood samples. The same protocol was performed with 4 volunteers after administration of 1500 mg @entity1 as well as after no drug intake. In a separate experiment the concentration-effect-relationship of @entity1 was assessed in vitro. One hundred and forty minutes after administration of 100 mg @entity1 aggregation and @entity3 formation were significantly decreased to 49.4 and 4.5% of the initial values, respectively, whereas in the mixed blood sample aggregation was not impaired. Inhibition of @entity3 formation was constantly 73% of the inhibition observed in the unmixed sample throughout the study period and thus most probably was caused by dilution of the platelets of the untreated volunteer by the inactivated platelets of the @entity1 -treated volunteer. These data suggest the absence of pharmacologically active drug concentrations in the peripheral blood. @entity1 plasma concentration was highest after 40 minutes (2.2 +/- 1.6 microgram/ml; n = 5). After the 1500 mg @entity1 dose platelet function and @entity3 formation decreased to 29.8 and 2.0% of the initial values, respectively. Furthermore, aggregation and @entity3 formation in the mixed blood sample were markedly reduced. Thus, after the high dose of @entity1 effective plasma concentrations were present in the peripheral circulation. Highest @entity1 plasma concentrations were 21.1 +/- 8.9 micrograms/ml. IC50 values were 1.00 +/- 0.36 and 0.30 +/- 0.05 microgram/ml for aggregation and @entity3 formation in vitro, respectively. It is concluded that low dose @entity1 can effectively inhibit platelet function without producing pharmacologically active concentrations in the peripheral circulation.

title: Plasma concentrations and anti-platelet effects after low dose XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The physico-chemical properties of collagenous matrices may determine the tissue response after insertion into full-thickness articular cartilage defects. In this study, @entity4 and type II collagen matrices, with and without attached chondroitin @entity2 , were implanted into full-thickness defects in the femoral trochlea of adolescent @entity0 . The tissue response was evaluated 4 and 12 weeks after implantation by general histology and two semi-quantitative histological grading systems. Four weeks after implantation, type I collagenous matrices were completely filled with cartilage-like tissue. By contrast, type II collagenous matrices revealed predominantly cartilaginous tissue only at the superficial zone and at the interface of the matrix with the subchondral bone, leaving large areas of the matrix devoid of tissue. Attachment of @entity3 appeared to promote cellular ingrowth and cartilaginous tissue formation in both types of collagen matrices. Twelve weeks after implantation, the differences between the matrices were less pronounced. The deep parts of the subchondral defects were largely replaced by new bone with a concomitant degradation of the matrices. The original cartilage contours in defects with type I collagen-based matrices were repaired with fibro-cartilaginous tissue. Defects containing type II matrices showed an increase in the amount of superficial cartilage-like tissue. The original contour, however, was not completely restored in all animals, occasionally leaving a central @entity1 or fissure. It is concluded that different types of collagen matrices induce different tissue responses in full-thickness articular cartilage defects. Type I collagen-based matrices are superior to guide progenitor cells from a subchondral origin into the defect. In type II collagen-based matrices cell migration is less, but invading cells are directed into a chondrocyte phenotype. Based on these observations it is suggested that a composite matrix consisting of a deep layer of type I collagen and a more superficial layer of type II collagen may be the matrix of choice for cartilage regeneration.

title: Cross-linked type I and type II collagenous matrices for the repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects--a study in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Shock liver describes a collecting pool of critically ill @entity0 in whom the elevation of liver function tests or overt @entity6 is apparent. Different grades of shock liver affect about 50% of all intensive-care @entity0 , varying from a mild elevation of serum aminotransferase and @entity8 levels in septic @entity0 to an acute onset of high serum aminotransferases after haemodynamic shock. Abnormalities can subside within days or progressively deteriorate when persistent hepatic microcirculatory failure is present. Although @entity4 in critically ill @entity0 influences mortality rates it is underdiagnosed. The underlying pathophysiology involves changes in the portal and arterial blood supply as well as in microcirculation. Cross-talk between hepatocytes, Kupffer cells and endothelial cells, leading to an inflammatory response mediated primarily by @entity1 @entity3 factor-alpha ( @entity5 ), is central to shock liver. The liver is a victim of shock inducers, and can also be the orchestrator of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity4 by @entity5 is modulated by the prevalent pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory mediator profile elaborated by Kupffer cells. Kupffer cells additionally participate in the clearance of endotoxin, bacteria and inflammatory mediators and are thereby capable of preventing @entity2 . The hepatocyte undergoes dramatic alterations in synthetic activity, biliary transport, bile flow and @entity7 metabolism. Although standard determinations of aminotransferases, coagulation studies, @entity7 , @entity9 and @entity8 can detect @entity4 they only partially reflect the cellular mechanisms driving shock liver. The management of shock liver is focused on the prevention of precipitating causes by controlling sepsis, circulation parameters and metabolism in addition to the cautious monitoring of therapeutic measures that can increase @entity4 , which include intravenous nutrition, mechanical ventilation and @entity10 administration.

title: Gastrointestinal disorders of the XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt remains an important ongoing management problem in myelomeningocele (MMC) @entity0 . We reviewed the long-term shunt treatment outcome in a prospectively followed group of MMC @entity0 from a single institution. METHOD: @entity0 prospectively entered into a @entity2 database with a diagnosis of MMC from the years 1987 to 1996 were selected. All data was verified from the medical records and additional details about the shunt surgery were collected. The outcome of shunt failure was categorized as shunt obstruction, @entity1 , presence of loculated ventricles, overdrainage, and other. All deaths were recorded and causation identified. Univariate analysis for shunt failure risk factors was accomplished using Log rank statistics. Multivariable analysis was performed for each repeated failure level using a conditional Cox regression model. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty (64%) out of 189 MMC @entity0 experienced a first shunt failure with a median time of 303 days; 29 (24%) of the failures were due to @entity1 (the procedure infection rate being 15%). Sixty-one @entity0 experienced a second shunt failure, 38 a third and 36 had four or more. Multivariable analysis of risk factors failed to demonstrate any clear risk factors for either first or subsequent shunt failure. Fifteen @entity0 died, 13 from either shunt or Chiari 1 complications. CONCLUSION: Shunt complications remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in MMC @entity0 , particularly @entity1 .

title: Long-term outcome of XXXX management in myelomeningoceles.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity7 (Resovist) is the second clinically approved superparamagnetic @entity6 developed for contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview on the properties, clinical development, and application of @entity7 . Safety data obtained during clinical phases I-III revealed a total of 162 adverse events within 1053 @entity0 , of which 75 were classified as possibly, probably, or definitely drug related. The majority of events occurred within the first 3 h (73 of 75) and was of mild intensity. The agent significantly improves the detection of hypovascular focal @entity3 with a comparable sensitivity in lesion detection to CTAP but without a relevant loss in specificity. Furthermore, @entity7 leads to a significant improvement of the sensitivity for lesion classification and characterization of the most frequent @entity3 . Contrast-enhanced MRA is not feasible and the angiographic effect is not sufficient to allow for postprocessing of data into maximum intensity projections. Intraindividual studies at low-field (0.2 T) and high-field (1.5 T) showed similar rates for lesion detection. The time window for contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver is at least 1 day up to 4 days. The compound can be regarded as safe and well tolerated. Even bolus injections caused no @entity4 , or clinically relevant laboratory changes. The examination time can be kept short with T1- and T2-weighted pre-contrast sequences, dynamic MRI over 10 min, and finally accumulation phase T2-weighted MRI. @entity0 who may benefit in particular are surgical candidates for resection, transplantation, or interventional therapies, and @entity0 with @entity5 and/or suspected @entity2 to either exclude @entity1 or to define the extent of disease, the location of lesions, and the type of newly detected lesions.

title: XXXX (Resovist): a new clinically approved RES-specific contrast agent for contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver: properties, clinical development, and applications.

answer: @entity7