abstract: 1. The sensitivity of mesenteric resistance arterioles to [ @entity2 ]vasopressin ( @entity5 ) was investigated in spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 (SHR) and control @entity0 -Kyoto @entity0 (WKY). No difference in pAVP (-log dose of @entity5 producing 50% of the maximum response) was observed [SHR 0.21 +/- 0.03 m-units/ml (n = 10) vs WKY 0.15 +/- 0.06 m-units/ml (n = 9)], although SHR vessels exhibited greater absolute tension development. 2. Both strains of @entity0 displayed tachyphylaxis to repeated stimulation with @entity5 , and oscillatory tension changes were observed in all vessels from SHR and rarely in WKY vessels at activating concentrations of @entity5 . 3. @entity5 did not elicit a contractile response after @entity4 -induced @entity3 depletion. 4. After vessels were depleted of @entity3 by using a combination of @entity3 -free media and @entity4 stimulation, restoration of @entity3 in the presence of @entity5 elicited a greater contractile response in SHR vessels. 5. The results therefore provide evidence for an increased @entity3 response to @entity5 in SHR resistance vessels, although this was only demonstrable by @entity3 recovery experiments.

title: Vasopressin-mediated contractions in mesenteric arteries from spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 : differences in response compared with XXXX -Kyoto animals.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Stool and urine samples from 813 schoolchildren and adults from the Tomas and Rimin Gado dam areas of Kano State, Nigeria, showed @entity2 to be present at both localities with prevalences of 26.6 and 36.8%, respectively. No cases of @entity1 were found. The prevalence and intensity of @entity2 was low and similar in both study areas. Statistical analysis revealed a correlation between prevalence and location, but no evident association with professed patterns of water contact. Investigation of 165 freshwater habitats throughout the state revealed the presence of a number of potential snail intermediate host species, namely Bulinus senegalensis, B. forskali, B. globosus, B. rohlfsi and Biomphalaria pfeifferi. The most widespread species was Bulinus senegalensis, which inhabited shallow pools and excavations on a variety of substrata. Its habitats were typically devoid of aquatic vegetation and included those with highly turbid waters and conductivities as low as 11 microseconds. Bulinus forskali was by contrast relatively rare, occurring in more permanent water courses, although it was often found in mixed populations with @entity3 . Bulinus globosus also occurred in seasonally rainfilled pools, but was confined to areas south of the 12 degrees N parallel, and its habitats tended to have a well-developed aquatic flora and clear water. The dominant species in @entity0 -made lakes was B. rohlfsi, which occurred in both the Tomas and Rimin Gado reservoirs. Biomphalaria pfeifferi was also primarily lake dwelling, although all species save @entity3 were found in irrigation canals.

title: Schistosomiasis in Kano State, Nigeria. I. XXXX infections near dam sites and the distribution and habitat preferences of potential snail intermediate hosts.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Isolated blastomeres from 8- to 16-cell-stage embryos were fused by standard micromanipulatory means with either unfertilized eggs or fertilized or haploid parthenogenetically activated pronuclear-stage embryos. The hybrid eggs/embryos were incubated overnight in the presence of Colcemid until they had entered the first cleavage division. Air-dried chromosome preparations were then stained with @entity3 in order to detect active nucleolar organizing regions (NOR). While control unfertilized eggs and 1-cell-stage fertilized and parthenogenetically activated embryos showed no evidence of @entity1 -staining NOR-positive regions, the metaphase plates from 8- to 16-cell embryos showed characteristic NOR-positive regions, while their interphase nuclei also showed a characteristic reticular staining appearance. When hybrids between blastomere nuclei and unfertilized eggs were examined, none of the blastomere nuclei entered mitosis. However, when hybrids between blastomere nuclei and fertilized embryos were examined, in two thirds of the embryos, a single blastomere-derived diploid metaphase plate was present in association with two pronuclear-derived haploid metaphase plates. In most instances, the blastomere-derived chromosomes did not display @entity3 -staining NOR. Similar findings were observed when the blastomere-derived chromosomes in hybrids between blastomere nuclei and haploid parthenogenetic embryos were analysed. In the majority of cases, when blastomere nuclei remained in interphase, the characteristic @entity1 - @entity2 -staining fine reticular material either was not seen, or the nuclear contents were dispersed into clumps of chromatin-like material. Occasionally, the diploid chromosomes in the hybrids displayed @entity0 . Our findings suggest that the cytoplasm of activated (but not nonactivated) 1-cell embryos is capable of influencing the nucleolar activity of the introduced 8- to 16-cell nuclei, effectively erasing from their chromosomes the memory of at least three previous rounds of rRNA synthesis.

title: Cytogenetic study of XXXX -staining NOR in 8-cell-stage mouse blastomeres fused to 1-cell-stage embryos.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 occur in a spectrum of severity. In general the urethra (sometimes short or absent), vagina (often 2) and rectum converge in the urogenital sinus. Immediate colostomy is necessary. However, after colostomy the urinary tract assumes prime importance because of life-threatening obstruction and/or reflux. I treated 72 @entity0 with @entity2 , 33 as primary and 39 as secondary cases. In 40 @entity0 there was severe reflux with severe upper tract damage in more than half of the cases: 19 had prior urinary diversions (4 ileal loop, 5 loop ureterostomy and 10 vesicostomy). In nearly all secondary cases a definitive rectal operation had been done but the more life-threatening urinary tract had not been repaired. Some @entity0 had other urological and nonurological @entity2 . Review of these cases emphasizes several points. Each case should be evaluated early endoscopically and radiographically to guide immediate and later treatment. Rectal reconstruction (now done via the posterior sagittal approach) should not be done as the initial procedure, which often was practiced in the past. In some @entity0 the urinary tract should be repaired first when there is obstruction or massive reflux to prevent upper tract deterioration. In most cases it is feasible to repair all aspects of the @entity1 in a single operation, that is the urinary tract, genital tract and rectum. With a well planned and coordinated approach to @entity3 organ systems a satisfactory outcome is possible in most cases.

title: Urological aspects of cloacal XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: It has been demonstrated that @entity1 -bearing animals elaborate a low molecular weight (less than 10,000 daltons) factor capable of inhibiting in vitro lymphocyte function. It was postulated that removal of this factor would have a favorable effect on host immune response that would translate into improved @entity1 control. A study was conducted in @entity2 bearing the VX-2 @entity3 . Ultrafiltration (UF) was performed 10 days following IV @entity1 inoculation. UF was achieved by passing blood through an Amicon Diafilter (molecular weight cutoff 10 kD) positioned between the arterial and venous cannulae after heparinization. Two plasma volumes of ultrafiltrate were removed with continuous saline replacement. Two groups of animals received the nonspecific immunoadjuvant, Detox, at time of therapy. Survival in the UF group (N = 9) was compared to untreated @entity1 -bearing animals (N = 10), sham-operated animals (N = 6), animals receiving Detox (N = 7), and animals receiving UF plus Detox (N = 6). UF imparted a survival advantage when compared to controls (mean 35 days vs. 25 days, P less than .01). The sham group had survival identical to controls. Detox alone conferred minimal survival advantage (mean 29 days, P greater than .05). However, UF + Detox demonstrated maximal survival benefit (mean 40 days, P less than .01). We conclude that UF is an effective anticancer modality in this preclinical model. This study suggests that efforts aimed at eliminating suppressor molecules in @entity1 @entity0 may be of benefit, especially when combined with biological response modifiers such as Detox.

title: Plasma ultrafiltration as successful therapy of XXXX VX-2 @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: It has been demonstrated that @entity1 -bearing animals elaborate a low molecular weight (less than 10,000 daltons) factor capable of inhibiting in vitro lymphocyte function. It was postulated that removal of this factor would have a favorable effect on host immune response that would translate into improved @entity1 control. A study was conducted in @entity2 bearing the VX-2 @entity3 . Ultrafiltration (UF) was performed 10 days following IV @entity1 inoculation. UF was achieved by passing blood through an Amicon Diafilter (molecular weight cutoff 10 kD) positioned between the arterial and venous cannulae after heparinization. Two plasma volumes of ultrafiltrate were removed with continuous saline replacement. Two groups of animals received the nonspecific immunoadjuvant, Detox, at time of therapy. Survival in the UF group (N = 9) was compared to untreated @entity1 -bearing animals (N = 10), sham-operated animals (N = 6), animals receiving Detox (N = 7), and animals receiving UF plus Detox (N = 6). UF imparted a survival advantage when compared to controls (mean 35 days vs. 25 days, P less than .01). The sham group had survival identical to controls. Detox alone conferred minimal survival advantage (mean 29 days, P greater than .05). However, UF + Detox demonstrated maximal survival benefit (mean 40 days, P less than .01). We conclude that UF is an effective anticancer modality in this preclinical model. This study suggests that efforts aimed at eliminating suppressor molecules in @entity1 @entity0 may be of benefit, especially when combined with biological response modifiers such as Detox.

title: Plasma ultrafiltration as successful therapy of @entity2 VX-2 XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Prolapse of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is the result of @entity2 , elongated chordae, or elongated or @entity3 muscle. Several techniques have been described for the correction of @entity1 . However, when there is severe @entity2 of the chordae, the most widely accepted solution is valve replacement. We describe a technique for the creation of a neochorda with a strip of tissue from the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve. This technique was used in two @entity0 with severe @entity1 . Formation of a neochorda and placement of a Carpentier ring to remodel the anulus obviated the need for a valve replacement. Both @entity0 had an uneventful recovery. Studies performed 3 and 4 months postoperatively showed competent and well-functioning valves. One @entity0 required a valve replacement for acute @entity1 5 years later, but the other @entity0 was doing well 3 years after the operation. Despite the limited experience, we believe this technique offers a reasonable alternative to valve replacement.

title: A new technique for repair of @entity1 caused by XXXX of the anterior leaflet.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Prolapse of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve is the result of @entity2 , elongated chordae, or elongated or @entity3 muscle. Several techniques have been described for the correction of @entity1 . However, when there is severe @entity2 of the chordae, the most widely accepted solution is valve replacement. We describe a technique for the creation of a neochorda with a strip of tissue from the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve. This technique was used in two @entity0 with severe @entity1 . Formation of a neochorda and placement of a Carpentier ring to remodel the anulus obviated the need for a valve replacement. Both @entity0 had an uneventful recovery. Studies performed 3 and 4 months postoperatively showed competent and well-functioning valves. One @entity0 required a valve replacement for acute @entity1 5 years later, but the other @entity0 was doing well 3 years after the operation. Despite the limited experience, we believe this technique offers a reasonable alternative to valve replacement.

title: A new technique for repair of XXXX caused by @entity2 of the anterior leaflet.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Long-term results in 64 @entity0 who underwent aortic valvuloplasty for @entity2 associated with @entity3 are presented. The average age of the @entity0 was 10.2 years and the average cardiothoracic ratio was 0.57 at the time of operation. The average degree of @entity2 , as classified by Sellers, was 2.7. The type of @entity3 was subpulmonic in 31 @entity0 , perimembranous in 20, and was a total conal defect in five @entity0 . Valvuloplasty was performed at one end of an aortic cusp in 23 @entity0 , at two ends in 33, at three ends in six, and at four ends in two @entity0 . There was one operative death (1.6%). The follow-up period was 447.7 @entity0 -years, and there were no late deaths. The actuarial survival rate was 98.3% at 5, 10, and 15 years. Postoperative cardiac catheterization was performed in 40 @entity0 . @entity1 was defined as the presence of a cardiothoracic ratio greater than 0.6, a loud regurgitant murmur (Levine grade 3/6 or greater), moderate or severe @entity2 (Sellers grade 3 or 4), or the necessity of reoperation. There were 17 @entity0 whose valvuloplasty failed. The freedom from valvuloplasty failure was 74.2% at 5 and 10 years and 55.3% at 15 years. Eight @entity0 underwent reoperation because of residual @entity2 , and all survived. The freedom from reoperation was 90.1% at 5 years, 80.5% at 10 years, and 63.7% at 15 years. Multiple regression analysis revealed that older age, a greater cardiothoracic ratio, perimembranous @entity3 , and multiple valvuloplasties were significant contributing factors for residual regurgitation after aortic valvuloplasty.

title: Long-term results of aortic valvuloplasty for XXXX associated with @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Long-term results in 64 @entity0 who underwent aortic valvuloplasty for @entity2 associated with @entity3 are presented. The average age of the @entity0 was 10.2 years and the average cardiothoracic ratio was 0.57 at the time of operation. The average degree of @entity2 , as classified by Sellers, was 2.7. The type of @entity3 was subpulmonic in 31 @entity0 , perimembranous in 20, and was a total conal defect in five @entity0 . Valvuloplasty was performed at one end of an aortic cusp in 23 @entity0 , at two ends in 33, at three ends in six, and at four ends in two @entity0 . There was one operative death (1.6%). The follow-up period was 447.7 @entity0 -years, and there were no late deaths. The actuarial survival rate was 98.3% at 5, 10, and 15 years. Postoperative cardiac catheterization was performed in 40 @entity0 . @entity1 was defined as the presence of a cardiothoracic ratio greater than 0.6, a loud regurgitant murmur (Levine grade 3/6 or greater), moderate or severe @entity2 (Sellers grade 3 or 4), or the necessity of reoperation. There were 17 @entity0 whose valvuloplasty failed. The freedom from valvuloplasty failure was 74.2% at 5 and 10 years and 55.3% at 15 years. Eight @entity0 underwent reoperation because of residual @entity2 , and all survived. The freedom from reoperation was 90.1% at 5 years, 80.5% at 10 years, and 63.7% at 15 years. Multiple regression analysis revealed that older age, a greater cardiothoracic ratio, perimembranous @entity3 , and multiple valvuloplasties were significant contributing factors for residual regurgitation after aortic valvuloplasty.

title: Long-term results of aortic valvuloplasty for @entity2 associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Information of 40 @entity0 operated on for @entity2 was reviewed. The age ranges were as follows: nine @entity0 , 20 to 30 years; seven @entity0 , 31 to 40 years; 10 @entity0 , 41 to 50 years; and 11 @entity0 , over 50 years. One @entity0 each was 14 months, 14 years, and 16 years old. @entity5 was diagnosed in 31 @entity0 , left @entity1 in one, right @entity5 in five, and right @entity1 in two. Multiple calcified right @entity3 were detected in one @entity0 . Detailed clinical characteristics and diagnostic methods are presented. The hospital mortality rate was 7.5%. At 15 years' follow-up practically all of the @entity0 had good late results. There were no recurrent @entity4 . Rare left @entity1 and multiple calcified right @entity3 involving a tricuspid valve are also presented.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess clinical features of therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of @entity5 (saphris) in stopping acute @entity3 attacks in @entity0 with @entity4 and to determine spectrum of action of this drug. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 30 female inpatients with acute hallucinatory/delusive and @entity2 /delusive states in attack-like @entity1 and @entity3 . Treatment was conducted according to standard schedule during 42 days. Saphris was used in sublingual tablets in daily dose 20 mg (10 mg in morning and 10 mg at night). Clinical/psychopathological and psychometric methods were applied. RESULTS: To the end of the study, the positive effect was achieved in 86.6% of the @entity0 with >= 30% reduction in PANSS scores. Good (reduction by 50-60%) and marked (reduction by >= 70%) effects were identified in 33.3% and 23.3% @entity0 , respectively. To the 42nd day, the reduction in the severity of disorders was 57.3% on average in the whole group, 54.1% in the subgroup of hallucinatory/delusive @entity3 and 62.1% in the @entity0 with @entity2 /delusive states. Distinct sedative, antimania, antipsychotic and antiparaphrenia components were detected in the spectrum of psychotropic action of saphris. Adverse effects were observed in 76.7% of the @entity0 with predominance of neurological symptoms (39.9%) and mental side-effects (34.0%). Somatic/autonomic (20.7%) and other side-effects (5.4%) were less frequent. Mild side-effects (71.2%) were most frequent in the structure of the severity. CONCLUSION: According to the results of therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of saphris as well as the high compliance of @entity0 , recommendations for using this medication in psychiatric practice were developed.

title: [Clinical experience and perspectives of using @entity5 in stopping acute endogenous XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess clinical features of therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of @entity5 (saphris) in stopping acute @entity3 attacks in @entity0 with @entity4 and to determine spectrum of action of this drug. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 30 female inpatients with acute hallucinatory/delusive and @entity2 /delusive states in attack-like @entity1 and @entity3 . Treatment was conducted according to standard schedule during 42 days. Saphris was used in sublingual tablets in daily dose 20 mg (10 mg in morning and 10 mg at night). Clinical/psychopathological and psychometric methods were applied. RESULTS: To the end of the study, the positive effect was achieved in 86.6% of the @entity0 with >= 30% reduction in PANSS scores. Good (reduction by 50-60%) and marked (reduction by >= 70%) effects were identified in 33.3% and 23.3% @entity0 , respectively. To the 42nd day, the reduction in the severity of disorders was 57.3% on average in the whole group, 54.1% in the subgroup of hallucinatory/delusive @entity3 and 62.1% in the @entity0 with @entity2 /delusive states. Distinct sedative, antimania, antipsychotic and antiparaphrenia components were detected in the spectrum of psychotropic action of saphris. Adverse effects were observed in 76.7% of the @entity0 with predominance of neurological symptoms (39.9%) and mental side-effects (34.0%). Somatic/autonomic (20.7%) and other side-effects (5.4%) were less frequent. Mild side-effects (71.2%) were most frequent in the structure of the severity. CONCLUSION: According to the results of therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of saphris as well as the high compliance of @entity0 , recommendations for using this medication in psychiatric practice were developed.

title: [Clinical experience and perspectives of using XXXX in stopping acute endogenous @entity3 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: T helper 17 (Th17) cells and @entity10 play important roles in the pathogenesis of @entity0 and @entity2 @entity5 . Although there is a clear link between @entity6 and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in the inflammatory cascade, details about their interaction in arthritic @entity9 are unclear. In view of the introduction of @entity8 - and @entity6 -inhibitors to the clinic, we studied how @entity6 and @entity8 orchestrate the local production of inflammatory mediators during experimental @entity5 . METHODS: To allow detection of additive, complementary or synergistic effects of @entity6 and @entity8 , we used two opposing experimental approaches: treatment of arthritic @entity2 with neutralising antibodies to @entity6 and @entity8 , and local overexpression of these cytokines in na  ve @entity9 . @entity2 were treated for two weeks with antibodies against @entity6 and/or @entity8 after onset of @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Na  ve @entity2 were injected intra-articularly with adenoviral vectors for @entity6 and/or @entity8 , resulting in local overexpression. Joint @entity3 was monitored by macroscopic scoring, X-ray and histology. Joint washouts, synovial cell- and lymph node cultures were analysed for cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory mediators by Luminex analysis, flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR). RESULTS: Combined therapeutic anti- @entity6 and anti- @entity8 ameliorated @entity5 progression, and joint damage was dramatically reduced compared to treatment with anti- @entity6 or anti- @entity8 alone. Anti- @entity6 specifically reduced synovial @entity12 transcription, whereas anti- @entity8 reduced transcription of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kB ligand ( @entity11 ). Overexpression of @entity6 or @entity8 in naive knee joints elicited extensive inflammatory infiltrate, @entity1 and @entity4 . Combined overexpression revealed additive and synergistic effects on the production of MMPs, @entity11 and @entity12 in the synovium, and led to complete destruction of the joint structure within 7  days. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 and @entity8 differentially mediate the inflammatory process in @entity9 , and show complementary and local additive effects. Combined blockade in arthritic @entity2 @entity1 not only by direct inhibition of @entity6 and @entity8 , but also by indirect inhibition of @entity12 and @entity11 . Our results provide a rationale for combination therapy in auto-inflammatory conditions, especially for @entity0 that do not fully respond to inhibition of the separate cytokines.

title: Complementary action of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-17A induces interleukin-23, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand and matrix metalloproteinases and drives bone and cartilage pathology in experimental XXXX : rationale for combination therapy in rheumatoid arthritis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of complicated and uncomplicated acute @entity2 (C-ATBD, U-ATBD) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TEVAR in @entity0 with U-ATBD. METHODS: Between February 2011 and December 2013, sixty @entity0 with @entity2 were treated with TEVAR and were divided into C-ATBD group (n = 42) and U-ATBD group (n = 18). @entity1 and aortic remodeling were analyzed based on the clinical outcomes and computed tomography scans performed before and after operation. RESULTS: The median follow up time was 21.7 (14.0-31.6) months. The 3 years cumulative all-cause survival rate was 85.4% in the C-ATBD group and 100% in the U-ATBD group without significant difference (  (2) = 2.52, P = 0.11). The incidence of postoperative complications including type I a endoleak, stent graft-induced distal redissection and retrograde type A aortic dissection were equivalent in the two groups. The aortic enlargement rates at each level and false lumen regression rates on each aortic segment were similar between the two groups. At the level just distal to the celiac artery, there were significant interaction effects on the maximum total aortic diameter and false lumen diameter changes between time and group (P = 0.01, P = 0.02). C-ATBD group showed a tendency of expansion of maximum total aortic diameter and false lumen diameter compared to the U-ATBD group. CONCLUSIONS: The acceptable early and midterm outcomes are similar between the two groups after TEVAR. U-ATBD group has a more favorable aortic remodeling than C-ATBD group. TEVAR is feasible and safe for the treatment of U-ATBD.

title: [Analysis of outcomes of acute XXXX after thoracic endovascular aortic repair].

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: We aimed to compare clinical outcomes and early adverse events of operative management (OM), nonoperative management (NOM), and NOM with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in blunt @entity1 (BSI) and identify the prognostic factors. METHODS: Medical records of 136 consecutive @entity0 with BSI admitted to a @entity1 center from 2005 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. @entity0 were separated into three groups: OM, NOM, and @entity9 . We focused on associated injuries and early adverse events. Multivariate analysis was performed on 23 prognostic factors to find predictors. RESULTS: The total survival rate was 97.1%, with four @entity3 all occurred in the OM group. The spleen salvage rate was 91% in NOM and @entity9 . At least one adverse event was observed in 32.8%, 62%, and 96% of @entity0 in NOM, @entity9 , and OM groups, respectively (P < 0.001). We found significantly more @entity3 , infectious complications, @entity4 , @entity8 , and @entity7 in OM and more @entity11 in @entity9 . Six prognostic factors were statistically significant for one or more adverse events: simplified acute physiology score 2 >= 25 for almost all adverse events, age >= 50 years for acute @entity10 , @entity2 for @entity5 , @entity6 for @entity4 , and at least one associated injury for @entity11 . Adverse events were not related to the type of BSI management. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with BSI present worse outcome and more adverse events in OM, but this is related to the severity of injury. The main predictor of adverse events remains the severity of injury.

title: Blunt @entity1 : are early adverse events related to XXXX , nonoperative management, or surgery?

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We aimed to compare clinical outcomes and early adverse events of operative management (OM), nonoperative management (NOM), and NOM with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) in blunt @entity1 (BSI) and identify the prognostic factors. METHODS: Medical records of 136 consecutive @entity0 with BSI admitted to a @entity1 center from 2005 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. @entity0 were separated into three groups: OM, NOM, and @entity9 . We focused on associated injuries and early adverse events. Multivariate analysis was performed on 23 prognostic factors to find predictors. RESULTS: The total survival rate was 97.1%, with four @entity3 all occurred in the OM group. The spleen salvage rate was 91% in NOM and @entity9 . At least one adverse event was observed in 32.8%, 62%, and 96% of @entity0 in NOM, @entity9 , and OM groups, respectively (P < 0.001). We found significantly more @entity3 , infectious complications, @entity4 , @entity8 , and @entity7 in OM and more @entity11 in @entity9 . Six prognostic factors were statistically significant for one or more adverse events: simplified acute physiology score 2 >= 25 for almost all adverse events, age >= 50 years for acute @entity10 , @entity2 for @entity5 , @entity6 for @entity4 , and at least one associated injury for @entity11 . Adverse events were not related to the type of BSI management. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with BSI present worse outcome and more adverse events in OM, but this is related to the severity of injury. The main predictor of adverse events remains the severity of injury.

title: Blunt XXXX : are early adverse events related to @entity1 , nonoperative management, or surgery?

answer: @entity1


abstract: Eight hundred and twenty male CBA- @entity1 , 75 +/- 3 days of age were divided into four main series. Three of these; A, B and C were further divided into three subgroups. To these 90Sr was given at three different dose levels alone (A) or in combination with either @entity4 (B) or @entity3 (C). In one series (D) all animals were given only @entity4 . The development of intramedullary @entity4 induced bone formation and the early events of @entity0 induction are reported. The 90Sr activities were selected in such a way that the lowest one would be below, the intermediate beyond and the highest well above the limit of @entity0 induction. Comparing the 90Sr injected animals with those given also @entity4 revealed that @entity4 had no promoting effect at the lowest and intermediate dose levels but increased the @entity0 incidence with a factor 4 at the highest dose level whereas @entity3 had an inhibitory effect. From the results obtained it was proposed that @entity4 may act only as a preparatory promoter and not assist in the initiating events. As has been reported elsewhere, the frequency of osteoblastic and @entity2 was higher in animals given @entity4 and 90Sr than 90Sr only. @entity1 given only @entity4 did not develop @entity0 .

title: Potentiating and inhibiting effects of steroid hormones on the incidence of 90Sr induced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Vascular characteristics of the splenic vein are entirely different from the portal vein in the @entity0 . We compared the responsiveness of the splenic capsule, which contains abundant smooth muscle with the portal and splenic veins. With respect to potentiation of @entity2 -induced contraction by @entity3 , the relaxation response to @entity4 and the contractile response to @entity1 , the splenic capsule differed from the splenic vein, but was rather similar to the portal vein. A site of morphological and pharmacological discontinuity between the portal vein and the splenic vein occurred at the junction of the splenic vein and the left gastric vein to form the gastrosplenic vein. This junction may coincide with the site of connection of the embryonic splenic vein, a newly formed efferent vein of the spleen, with the portal vein, which was reported by Miki [cf. Bevan et al.: 4th Int. Symp. on Vascular Neuroeffector Mechanisms; Raven Press, New York 1983]. On the splenic side, histological examination revealed that smooth muscle of the splenic capsule and trabeculae are interconnected, but did not extend to the splenic vein. At openings of the trabecular veins into the 'intrasplenic' portion of the splenic vein the trabecular smooth muscle continued to the extended capsule. The site of change in pharmacological responses was also found to be located between the trabeculae and the intrasplenic portion of the splenic vein. Thus the splenic vein can be regarded as a distinct segment of vessel inserted between the portal vein and the spleen. This may reflect differences in embryogenesis of their smooth muscle.

title: Distinctive characteristics of the splenic vein in the XXXX . Its morphological and pharmacological discontinuities with the portal vein and splenic capsule.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ultrastructure of enamel in the mandibular incisor tooth in a @entity0 model of dental @entity4 . METHODS: Thirty 5-week-old male and female @entity0 of SD strain were divided into three groups of ten. The animals in the control group were maintained for 8 weeks on pure deionized water, in the low- @entity2 group deionized water with 22.5 mg/L of @entity3 (50 mg/L @entity6 ) was used, and in the high- @entity2 group deionized water with 45 mg/L of @entity3 (100 mg/L @entity6 ) was used. All specimens examined were obtained from the mandibular incisors. Mid-sagittal ground sections were prepared from the direction of incisal point of each incisor for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). RESULTS: According to the @entity5 results, the prisms in the control group had a complete and clear column structure with closely packed enamel rods or enamel prisms. The prisms in the high - @entity2 experimental group were collapsed and showed curved and @entity1 . The level of prism structural changes in the low- @entity2 experimental group was in between that of the control group and the high- @entity2 group. AFM for the middle layer enamel showed an average roughness (Ra) of (550.6    32.0) nm in the control group, (415.0    24.2) nm in the low- @entity2 group, and (194.3    11.3) nm for the high- @entity2 group. There was significant difference between the high- @entity2 group and the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Formation of @entity0 enamel in the high @entity2 environment presented obvious structural collapse and no clearance between prisms. Such changes appear to indicate a loss of normal prism structure in @entity0 enamels from exposure to high levels of @entity3 during the maturation period.

title: [Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopic study on the XXXX of enamel in @entity0 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ultrastructure of enamel in the mandibular incisor tooth in a @entity0 model of dental @entity4 . METHODS: Thirty 5-week-old male and female @entity0 of SD strain were divided into three groups of ten. The animals in the control group were maintained for 8 weeks on pure deionized water, in the low- @entity2 group deionized water with 22.5 mg/L of @entity3 (50 mg/L @entity6 ) was used, and in the high- @entity2 group deionized water with 45 mg/L of @entity3 (100 mg/L @entity6 ) was used. All specimens examined were obtained from the mandibular incisors. Mid-sagittal ground sections were prepared from the direction of incisal point of each incisor for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). RESULTS: According to the @entity5 results, the prisms in the control group had a complete and clear column structure with closely packed enamel rods or enamel prisms. The prisms in the high - @entity2 experimental group were collapsed and showed curved and @entity1 . The level of prism structural changes in the low- @entity2 experimental group was in between that of the control group and the high- @entity2 group. AFM for the middle layer enamel showed an average roughness (Ra) of (550.6    32.0) nm in the control group, (415.0    24.2) nm in the low- @entity2 group, and (194.3    11.3) nm for the high- @entity2 group. There was significant difference between the high- @entity2 group and the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Formation of @entity0 enamel in the high @entity2 environment presented obvious structural collapse and no clearance between prisms. Such changes appear to indicate a loss of normal prism structure in @entity0 enamels from exposure to high levels of @entity3 during the maturation period.

title: [Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopic study on the @entity4 of enamel in XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: A self-administered hand test was used to screen 5262 @entity0 aged 40-70 living in a rural district in southern Sweden. It revealed evidence of hand impairment in 13%. The prevalence of @entity2 was 1.1%. At the screening procedure a subgroup of 48 previously unrecognized individuals with @entity1 was identified. They were assessed by a rheumatologist, who established the following diagnoses: four definite @entity2 , eight probable @entity2 , three @entity6 , one unclassifiable @entity4 , 10 @entity3 and 22 non-specific @entity5 . No advanced @entity2 was detected. Two were seropositive and another was erosive. One with @entity2 , one with @entity6 and three with arthralgic symptoms were unable to work. Most had only a minor need for further medical aid. The test was thus able to identify @entity0 with hand impairment. Follow-up studies will address the practical implications of the screening procedure.

title: Detection of suspected XXXX with a new simple self-administered hand test.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study investigates sectioning the superior @entity4 (SON) in @entity0 with functional sensorial denervation induced by @entity5 administration at birth and the effects on the establishment of puberty, ovulation, serum @entity3 , and @entity1 concentrations. METHODS: The animals were allotted randomly to one of the following experimental groups. Groups of 8-10 @entity0 were injected at birth with @entity5 or vehicle, and on day 20 or 28 of life, they were submitted to a sham operation (SO). Other groups of 8-10 @entity0 were injected at birth with @entity5 or vehicle, and on day 20 or 28 of life, they were submitted to the uni-or bilateral SON sectioning. The animals were killed at the first estrus. Serum concentration of @entity3 (ng/ml) and @entity1 (pg/ml) were measured using a radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: Animals treated with @entity5 and subjected at 20  days of life to the left or bilateral section of SON had a delayed age of vaginal opening. Furthermore, animals with a lack of sensory information and subjected to a SO at 28  days of life had the same delay in the age of vaginal opening. Animals with sensorial innervation intact, subjected to unilateral section of the SON at 20 or 28  days of age, showed diminished ovulation rate and number of ova shed by the denervated ovary. In animals with sensorial denervation, the uni-or bilateral sectioning of the SON did not result in changes in ovulation. @entity3 and @entity1 levels were different depending on the age of the animal in which the SON section was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the present results, we suggest that sympathetic innervation regulates ovulation and the secretion of @entity2 hormones and that the sensory fibers modulate the sympathetic innervation action on ovarian functions.

title: In the pubertal XXXX , the regulation of ovarian function involves the synergic participation of the sensory and sympathetic innervations that arrive at the gonad.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy for @entity3 . METHODS: Based on hospitalization data from March 2011 to March 2014, 62 cases of @entity3 treated with thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy (minimally invasive group, with 45 male @entity0 ) and other 62 cases treated with open esophagectomy (open esophagectomy group, with 45 male @entity0 ) were analyzed in a retrospective cohort. The mean age of two groups were (62  9) years and (62  8) years, respectively. Quantitative data were analyzed using t-test, whereas qualitative variables were tested with   (2) test. There were no significant difference in age, @entity1 location, pathological type, @entity1 staging between two groups (P>0.05). Perioperative data and three-year clinic outcome were collected. The three-year survival curve were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test between the two groups. RESULTS: Compared with open esophagectomy group, minimally invasive group has less amount of @entity5 during operations ((231  40) ml vs. (302  37) ml, t=4.63, P=0.000), @entity4 after operations ((490  41) ml vs. (1 090  43) ml, t=-79.59, P=0.000), and postoperative hospital stay ((16  4) days vs. (17  4) days, t=-2.61, P=0.010). Meanwhile, minimally invasive group has more operation time ((272  39) minutes vs. (242  45) minutes, t=3.97, P=0.000) and total and thoracic cavity retrieved lymph nodes (30  5 vs. 28  4, t=2.39, P=0.018; 15  4 vs. 14  3, t=2.59, P=0.011). Nineteen and 31 @entity0 had @entity2 and statistical significance difference was found between two groups (  (2)=4.83, P=0.028). The three-year survival rate was 73.2% in minimally invasive group and 71.4% in open esophagectomy group. There was no significance difference between two groups (  (2)=0.170, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy had the advantages of amount of @entity5 , postoperative hospital stay and complications, and had the same three-year survival rate with open esophagectomy.

title: [A retrospective cohort comparison of XXXX between thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy and open esophagectomy].

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate whether the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of a @entity1 is associated with recurrence after nephrectomy in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 49 @entity0 with localized @entity2 who underwent 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging preoperatively. Fifteen @entity0 had recurrent disease after surgery. The ADC was measured by placing a region-of-interest in a solid region of each @entity1 on the ADC map. We named the average value of the three ADC values the "average ADC" and the lowest ADC value among the three as the "minimum ADC." The correlations between clinicopathological factors including @entity0 age and gender, @entity1 side, @entity1 size, growth/invasion pattern, Fuhrman grade, histological subtype, venous invasion, average and minimum ADCs, and disease-free survival were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: In univariate analysis, @entity1 size, venous invasion, mean ADC, and minimum ADC showed significant correlations with disease-free survival (P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, only venous invasion and minimum ADC were significant (P < 0.05). The 5-year disease-free survival rate of the low minimum ADC group was 51.6%, while that of the high minimum ADC group was 85.1%. CONCLUSION: The minimum ADC of a @entity1 , although not as pronounced as venous invasion, was found to be an independent associative factor for recurrence after nephrectomy in @entity0 with localized @entity2 . J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015.

title: Apparent diffusion coefficient: An associative factor for recurrence after nephrectomy in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative @entity5 for @entity6 plays an important role in reducing intraoperative @entity3 (IBL). PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of a gelatin sponge in preoperative @entity5 for @entity6 in the pelvis or extremities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-seven @entity0 (21 @entity0 , 16 @entity0 ; median age, 61 years; age range, 23-79 years) underwent preoperative @entity5 between April 2004 and January 2015. Medical records and images were reviewed, and the technical success rate, clinical success rate, and complications were evaluated. Technical success was defined as a devascularization rate of 75% or higher, and clinical success was defined as intraoperative @entity3 (IBL) <1500   mL in cases undergoing surgery within 3 days of transarterial @entity4 and <3000   mL in cases operated 4 or more days later. RESULTS: @entity1 sizes were in the range of 2.0-13.0   cm (median, 5.0   cm). The devascularization rate was decreased by >75% at follow-up angiography in all cases, and the technical success rate was 100 % (37/37). The median IBL was 491   mL (range, 30-3800   mL), and the clinical success rate was 89% (33/37). The minor complication of @entity2 was observed in 13 out of 37 cases (35%) during or after @entity4 , but was controllable by an analgesic. CONCLUSION: Preoperative transarterial @entity4 using a gelatin sponge appears to be feasible and safe, and may contribute to decreasing IBL.

title: Preoperative transarterial XXXX using gelatin sponge for @entity6 in the pelvis or extremities.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative @entity5 for @entity6 plays an important role in reducing intraoperative @entity3 (IBL). PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of a gelatin sponge in preoperative @entity5 for @entity6 in the pelvis or extremities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-seven @entity0 (21 @entity0 , 16 @entity0 ; median age, 61 years; age range, 23-79 years) underwent preoperative @entity5 between April 2004 and January 2015. Medical records and images were reviewed, and the technical success rate, clinical success rate, and complications were evaluated. Technical success was defined as a devascularization rate of 75% or higher, and clinical success was defined as intraoperative @entity3 (IBL) <1500   mL in cases undergoing surgery within 3 days of transarterial @entity4 and <3000   mL in cases operated 4 or more days later. RESULTS: @entity1 sizes were in the range of 2.0-13.0   cm (median, 5.0   cm). The devascularization rate was decreased by >75% at follow-up angiography in all cases, and the technical success rate was 100 % (37/37). The median IBL was 491   mL (range, 30-3800   mL), and the clinical success rate was 89% (33/37). The minor complication of @entity2 was observed in 13 out of 37 cases (35%) during or after @entity4 , but was controllable by an analgesic. CONCLUSION: Preoperative transarterial @entity4 using a gelatin sponge appears to be feasible and safe, and may contribute to decreasing IBL.

title: Preoperative transarterial @entity4 using gelatin sponge for XXXX in the pelvis or extremities.

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIM: Smoking is the one of the most preventable causes of @entity1 worldwide. Dental professionals may play an important role in anti-smoking campaigns. The aim of this study was to evaluate current knowledge of and attitudes toward smoking and its cessation among dental professionals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This questionnaire-based study was carried out among general dental practitioners (GDPs) and dental students in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes toward @entity2 use and cessation. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 18.0; IBM) and the Mann-Whitney U-test, with a significance level of p  <  0.001. RESULTS: A total of 342 @entity0 (130 GDPs, 212 dental students) with the mean age of 24 (standard deviation, 5) years participated in the study. One-third (33.8%, n  =  44) of GDPs and 30.2% (n  =  64) of dental students were smokers; small percentages (GDPs, 9.1% [n  =  4]; dental students, 7.8% [n  =  5]) were heavy smokers. The majority of @entity0 rated both smoking cessation and prevention together as a very important preventive measure. Families were rated as the most important factor responsible for smoking cessation, whereas general practitioners were rated as the most important factor for providing assistance with cessation. CONCLUSION: More meaningful participation of dental professionals in @entity2 cessation is needed, with implications for related curriculum changes.

title: Knowledge and attitude of XXXX use and cessation among dental professionals.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: -Targeted temperature management is recommended after out-of-hospital @entity4 (OHCA). Whether advanced internal cooling is superior to basic external cooling remains presently unknown. The aim of this multicenter controlled trial was to evaluate the benefit of endovascular versus basic surface cooling. METHODS AND RESULTS: -Inclusion criteria were: age 18-79, OHCA related to a presumed cardiac cause, time to @entity6 ( @entity6 ) <60min, delay between @entity6 and inclusion <240min, unconscious @entity0 after @entity6 and prior to start cooling. Exclusion criteria were: terminal disease, pregnancy, known @entity3 , uncontrolled @entity2 , temperature on admission <30  C, in-hospital CA, immediate need for extracorporeal life support or hemodialysis. @entity0 were randomized between two cooling strategies: endovascular femoral devices (Icy catheter, Coolgard(TM), Zoll, formerly Alsius, USA, n=203) or basic external cooling using fans, a home-made tent, and ice packs (n=197). The primary endpoint, i.e. favorable outcome evaluated by survival without major @entity1 (Cerebral Performance Categories 1-2) at day 28, was not significantly different between groups (odds ratio 1.41 [0.93-2.16], P=0.107). Improvement of favorable outcome at day 90 in favor of endovascular group did not reach significance (odds ratio 1.51 [0.96-2.35], P=0.07). Time to target temperature (33  C) was significantly shorter, and @entity5 was more strictly maintained in the endovascular versus the surface group (P<0.001). Minor side effects directly related to the cooling method were more frequently observed in the endovascular group (P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: -Despite @entity5 induction and maintenance, endovascular cooling was not significantly superior to basic external cooling regarding favorable outcome. Clinical Trial Registration Information-ClinicalTrials.gov. Identifier: NCT00392639.

title: Endovascular versus External Targeted Temperature Management for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: One hundred seventeen @entity0 with threatened limb loss were evaluated. Seventy-three of these @entity0 underwent vascular reconstruction. @entity1 had a significantly higher incidence of @entity2 ulceration and gangrene when compared with nondiabetics. Nondiabetics typically presented with @entity3 . The outcome of foot salvage surgery was evaluated by postoperative ankle-branchial indices as well as limb salvage rates. Ankle-brachial indices increased significantly in both groups. Fifty-five percent of the @entity1 and 67 percent of the nondiabetics had a postoperative ankle-brachial index of 0.8 or greater. Overall foot salvage at 1 year was 84 percent. Foot salvage in @entity0 with @entity1 was 78 percent compared with 86 percent in nondiabetics. In this subset of @entity0 with threatened limb loss confirmed by hemodynamic measurements, the results of vascular reconstruction were comparable in both @entity1 and nondiabetic @entity0 .

title: A comparison of XXXX and nondiabetics with threatened limb loss.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 is an economically important pathogen of @entity1 . However, the molecular basis of pathogenicity on @entity1 is still poorly understood. Here, we present a global survey of the proteins secreted by this fungus in the apoplast of resistant (cv. Shafir) and susceptible (cv. Obelisk) @entity1 cultivars after inoculation with reference @entity3 . The fungal proteins present in apoplastic fluids were analyzed by gel electrophoresis and by data-independent acquisition liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/ @entity0 (E)) combined with data-dependent acquisition LC- @entity0 / @entity0 . Subsequent mapping mass spectrometry-derived peptide sequence data against the genome sequence of strain IPO323 identified 665 peptides in the @entity0 (E) and 93 in the LC- @entity0 / @entity0 mode that matched to 85 proteins. The identified fungal proteins, including cell-wall degrading enzymes and proteases, might function in pathogenicity, but the functions of many remain unknown. Most fungal proteins accumulated in cv. Obelisk at the onset of necrotrophy. This inventory provides an excellent basis for future detailed studies on the role of these genes and their encoded proteins during pathogenesis in @entity1 .

title: Proteome catalog of XXXX captured during pathogenesis in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is an economically important pathogen of @entity1 . However, the molecular basis of pathogenicity on @entity1 is still poorly understood. Here, we present a global survey of the proteins secreted by this fungus in the apoplast of resistant (cv. Shafir) and susceptible (cv. Obelisk) @entity1 cultivars after inoculation with reference @entity3 . The fungal proteins present in apoplastic fluids were analyzed by gel electrophoresis and by data-independent acquisition liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/ @entity0 (E)) combined with data-dependent acquisition LC- @entity0 / @entity0 . Subsequent mapping mass spectrometry-derived peptide sequence data against the genome sequence of strain IPO323 identified 665 peptides in the @entity0 (E) and 93 in the LC- @entity0 / @entity0 mode that matched to 85 proteins. The identified fungal proteins, including cell-wall degrading enzymes and proteases, might function in pathogenicity, but the functions of many remain unknown. Most fungal proteins accumulated in cv. Obelisk at the onset of necrotrophy. This inventory provides an excellent basis for future detailed studies on the role of these genes and their encoded proteins during pathogenesis in @entity1 .

title: Proteome catalog of @entity2 captured during pathogenesis in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Obesity in the offspring of @entity0 with @entity4 during pregnancy has been reported, but the results are conflicting. This study examined the association of @entity4 during pregnancy and anthropometry in 5- to 7-year-old offspring whose mothers participated in the @entity4 and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) Study at the Belfast Centre. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: @entity0 in the HAPO study underwent a 75-g oral @entity3 tolerance test (OGTT) at approximately 28 weeks of gestation. Mothers and caregivers remained blinded to the results unless the fasting plasma @entity3 (FPG) concentration was >5.8 mmol/L or the 2-h plasma @entity3 (2hPG) concentration was >11.1 mmol/L. Offspring weight, height, and skin-fold thicknesses (triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac) were measured at age 5-7 years. Overweight, @entity2 , and extreme @entity2 were defined as a BMI z score >= 85th, >= 95th, and >= 99th percentile, respectively, based on the 1990 British Growth Standard. RESULTS: Belfast HAPO offspring (n = 1,320, 82%) aged 5-7 years attended for follow-up. Using multiple regression, maternal FPG, 1h PG, and 2hPG did not show any relation to offspring BMI z score or offspring skin-fold sum independent of maternal BMI at OGTT and offspring birth weight z score. This lack of association with maternal glycemia persisted with the offspring BMI z score expressed as >= 85th, >= 95th, or 99th percentile, and the sum of skin folds expressed as >= 90th percentile specific for sex. The initially significant relation between FPG and all offspring adiposity measures was explained by maternal BMI at the OGTT. CONCLUSIONS: After adjustment for maternal BMI at the OGTT, higher maternal FPG concentration during pregnancy (short of @entity1 ) is no longer a risk factor for @entity2 , as reflected by BMI and the sum of skin folds in offspring aged 5-7 years.

title: Untreated Mild XXXX During Pregnancy and Anthropometric Measures of Obesity in Offspring at Age 5-7 Years.

answer: @entity4


abstract: This study was designed to investigate by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) the characteristics of lung involvement in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Twenty six @entity0 with @entity1 were included; ten were active smokers. Chest X Ray, pulmonary function tests and BAL were performed in all @entity0 . @entity5 was found in 7% of cases, @entity4 in 30% of cases. 83% of @entity0 were found to have diffuse alveolar and/or @entity2 , 17% rheumatoid nodules. Functional evaluation showed a restrictive pattern and a significant reduction in the @entity3 monoxyde diffusing capacity. Smokers had elevated BAL macrophages and decreased lymphocytes compared with non-smokers: respectively 89% vs 62.9% and 7.3% vs 18.9%. @entity0 with @entity5 had lower FVC than others: 38 +/- 14% vs 61 +/- 3%, and their BAL neutrophils were increased: 71 +/- 23% vs 7.5 +/- 2%. There was an inverse correlation between neutrophil counts and FVC in non-smokers, and diffusing capacity. We conclude that BAL inflammatory cells profiles are abnormal in @entity1 and modified by a smoking history and the existence of a @entity5 .

title: [Broncho-alveolar lavage in pulmonary involvement in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in @entity0 in vivo by culture and real-time PCR methods. METHODS: Ten teeth with deep active @entity0 were selected and five portions of carious dentin were removed for each tooth. Two increments were used as control, to represent the superficial and deep dentin, respectively. @entity2 at 100mg/L was placed in contact with the cavity for five minutes, before being irradiated with a halogen light source for one minute. Then, after PDT, other three portions were removed. The samples were processed in laboratory and the number of viable cfu was obtained. The real time PCR analyses were performed in two increments of carious dentin, removed before and after PDT. The @entity1 DNA was isolated from carious dentin samples and amplification and detection of DNA were performed with Real-Time PCR. The cavities were then restored with glass ionomer cement. RESULTS: Using conventional culture methods, the results demonstrated that viable bacteria were significantly reduced in all of the agar plates following photosensitization. No difference was found between both groups regarding @entity1 DNA quantification by real-time PCR. CONCLUSION: Although PDT may not affect the number of @entity1 DNA copies immediately after the treatment, clear reduction of the number of cfu was found. Despite its promising use for eliminating bacteria in dental caries treatment, further studies are necessary to establish an effective clinical protocol for the PDT.

title: Antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy in XXXX in vivo, using culture and real time PCR methods.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Loss-of-function mutations in the a3 isoform of the @entity5 pump are responsible for @entity9 ( @entity9 ). A pharmacologic model of @entity9 replicates the most salient features of @entity9 , and implicates both the cerebellum and basal @entity2 ; @entity6 is associated with @entity3 , and the @entity4 -like features are attributable to the basal ganglia. The pharmacologic agent used to generate the model, @entity8 , is selective for @entity5 pumps. However, close to the infusion sites in vivo it likely affects all @entity5 pump isoforms. Therefore, it remains to be established whether selective loss of a3-containing @entity5 pumps replicates the pharmacologic model. Moreover, while the pharmacologic model suggested that aberrant firing of Purkinje cells was the main cause of @entity3 , it did not allow the scrutiny of this hypothesis. To address these questions RNA interference using small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) delivered via adeno-associated viruses (AAV) was used to specifically knockdown a3-containing @entity5 pumps in different regions of the adult @entity1 brain. Knockdown of the a3-containing @entity5 pumps mimicked both the behavioral and electrophysiological changes seen in the pharmacologic model of @entity9 , recapitulating key aspects of the @entity0 disorder. Further, we found that knockdown of the a3 isoform altered the intrinsic pacemaking of Purkinje cells, but not the neurons of the @entity3 . Therefore, acute knockdown of proteins associated with @entity7 may be a good strategy for developing phenotypic genetic @entity1 models where traditional transgenic models have failed to produce symptomatic @entity1 .

title: Aberrant Purkinje cell activity is the cause of @entity6 in a shRNA-based @entity1 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Loss-of-function mutations in the a3 isoform of the @entity5 pump are responsible for @entity9 ( @entity9 ). A pharmacologic model of @entity9 replicates the most salient features of @entity9 , and implicates both the cerebellum and basal @entity2 ; @entity6 is associated with @entity3 , and the @entity4 -like features are attributable to the basal ganglia. The pharmacologic agent used to generate the model, @entity8 , is selective for @entity5 pumps. However, close to the infusion sites in vivo it likely affects all @entity5 pump isoforms. Therefore, it remains to be established whether selective loss of a3-containing @entity5 pumps replicates the pharmacologic model. Moreover, while the pharmacologic model suggested that aberrant firing of Purkinje cells was the main cause of @entity3 , it did not allow the scrutiny of this hypothesis. To address these questions RNA interference using small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) delivered via adeno-associated viruses (AAV) was used to specifically knockdown a3-containing @entity5 pumps in different regions of the adult @entity1 brain. Knockdown of the a3-containing @entity5 pumps mimicked both the behavioral and electrophysiological changes seen in the pharmacologic model of @entity9 , recapitulating key aspects of the @entity0 disorder. Further, we found that knockdown of the a3 isoform altered the intrinsic pacemaking of Purkinje cells, but not the neurons of the @entity3 . Therefore, acute knockdown of proteins associated with @entity7 may be a good strategy for developing phenotypic genetic @entity1 models where traditional transgenic models have failed to produce symptomatic @entity1 .

title: Aberrant Purkinje cell activity is the cause of XXXX in a shRNA-based @entity1 model of @entity9 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Loss-of-function mutations in the a3 isoform of the @entity5 pump are responsible for @entity9 ( @entity9 ). A pharmacologic model of @entity9 replicates the most salient features of @entity9 , and implicates both the cerebellum and basal @entity2 ; @entity6 is associated with @entity3 , and the @entity4 -like features are attributable to the basal ganglia. The pharmacologic agent used to generate the model, @entity8 , is selective for @entity5 pumps. However, close to the infusion sites in vivo it likely affects all @entity5 pump isoforms. Therefore, it remains to be established whether selective loss of a3-containing @entity5 pumps replicates the pharmacologic model. Moreover, while the pharmacologic model suggested that aberrant firing of Purkinje cells was the main cause of @entity3 , it did not allow the scrutiny of this hypothesis. To address these questions RNA interference using small hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) delivered via adeno-associated viruses (AAV) was used to specifically knockdown a3-containing @entity5 pumps in different regions of the adult @entity1 brain. Knockdown of the a3-containing @entity5 pumps mimicked both the behavioral and electrophysiological changes seen in the pharmacologic model of @entity9 , recapitulating key aspects of the @entity0 disorder. Further, we found that knockdown of the a3 isoform altered the intrinsic pacemaking of Purkinje cells, but not the neurons of the @entity3 . Therefore, acute knockdown of proteins associated with @entity7 may be a good strategy for developing phenotypic genetic @entity1 models where traditional transgenic models have failed to produce symptomatic @entity1 .

title: Aberrant Purkinje cell activity is the cause of @entity6 in a shRNA-based XXXX model of @entity9 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: EEG-fMRI is an established technique to allow mapping BOLD changes in response to interictal discharges recorded in the EEG of @entity1 @entity0 . Traditional fMRI experiments rely on an @entity2 ( @entity2 ) sequence with a time resolution given by its time-to-repetition (TR) of ~2s. Recently, multiple fast fMRI sequences have been developed to get around the limited temporal resolution of the @entity2 sequence, and achieved a TR in the 100ms range or lower. One such sequence is called Magnetic Resonance EncephaloGraphy (MREG). Its high temporal resolution should offer increased detection sensitivity and statistical power in the context of @entity1 studies and in fMRI experiments in general. The aim of this work was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages offered by MREG. This was done by superimposing artificial event-related BOLD responses on @entity2 and MREG background signals, from 5 @entity1 @entity0 , that were free of @entity1 discharges (spikes) on simultaneously recorded EEG. These functional datasets simulated different spiking rates and hemodynamic response amplitudes, and were analyzed with the commonly used @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with the canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) as a fixed model of the response. Robustness to violation of the assumptions of the @entity3 was additionally assessed with similar simulations using variable spike-to-spike response amplitudes and 8 non-canonical HRFs. Consistent with previous work, MREG yields higher maximum statistical t-values than @entity2 , but our simulations showed these statistics to be inflated, as the false positive rate at a standard threshold was high. At thresholds set to appropriately control specificity, @entity2 showed better true positive rate and larger cluster size than MREG. However, the lack of an appropriate calibration of the amplitude of the responses across the sequences precludes definitive judgment on their relative sensitivity. In addition, we show that a mismatch between the assumed and actual HRF impairs more MREG detection performance, but that @entity2 is more affected by non-modeled spike-to-spike variations of response amplitude. Filtering-out physiological noise, which is not aliased at the fast sampling rate of MREG, and the modeling of temporal autocorrelation are advantageous in increasing the detection power of MREG. This simulation study 1) warrants care when interpreting statistical t-values from fast fMRI sequences, 2) proposes thresholds for valid inferences and processing methods for maximal sensitivities, and 3) demonstrates the relative robustness/susceptibility of MREG and @entity2 to violation of the @entity3 's assumptions.

title: Advantages and disadvantages of a fast fMRI sequence in the context of EEG-fMRI investigation of XXXX @entity0 : A realistic simulation study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: EEG-fMRI is an established technique to allow mapping BOLD changes in response to interictal discharges recorded in the EEG of @entity1 @entity0 . Traditional fMRI experiments rely on an @entity2 ( @entity2 ) sequence with a time resolution given by its time-to-repetition (TR) of ~2s. Recently, multiple fast fMRI sequences have been developed to get around the limited temporal resolution of the @entity2 sequence, and achieved a TR in the 100ms range or lower. One such sequence is called Magnetic Resonance EncephaloGraphy (MREG). Its high temporal resolution should offer increased detection sensitivity and statistical power in the context of @entity1 studies and in fMRI experiments in general. The aim of this work was to investigate the advantages and disadvantages offered by MREG. This was done by superimposing artificial event-related BOLD responses on @entity2 and MREG background signals, from 5 @entity1 @entity0 , that were free of @entity1 discharges (spikes) on simultaneously recorded EEG. These functional datasets simulated different spiking rates and hemodynamic response amplitudes, and were analyzed with the commonly used @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with the canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) as a fixed model of the response. Robustness to violation of the assumptions of the @entity3 was additionally assessed with similar simulations using variable spike-to-spike response amplitudes and 8 non-canonical HRFs. Consistent with previous work, MREG yields higher maximum statistical t-values than @entity2 , but our simulations showed these statistics to be inflated, as the false positive rate at a standard threshold was high. At thresholds set to appropriately control specificity, @entity2 showed better true positive rate and larger cluster size than MREG. However, the lack of an appropriate calibration of the amplitude of the responses across the sequences precludes definitive judgment on their relative sensitivity. In addition, we show that a mismatch between the assumed and actual HRF impairs more MREG detection performance, but that @entity2 is more affected by non-modeled spike-to-spike variations of response amplitude. Filtering-out physiological noise, which is not aliased at the fast sampling rate of MREG, and the modeling of temporal autocorrelation are advantageous in increasing the detection power of MREG. This simulation study 1) warrants care when interpreting statistical t-values from fast fMRI sequences, 2) proposes thresholds for valid inferences and processing methods for maximal sensitivities, and 3) demonstrates the relative robustness/susceptibility of MREG and @entity2 to violation of the @entity3 's assumptions.

title: Advantages and disadvantages of a fast fMRI sequence in the context of EEG-fMRI investigation of @entity1 XXXX : A realistic simulation study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are regularly treated by both microsurgical clipping and endovascular coiling. We performed a systematic meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of these two methods. METHODS: Literature was reviewed for all studies reporting @entity1 and/or functional outcomes in adults with unruptured @entity2 treated by endovascular coiling or microsurgical clipping. All studies that reported results for adults (>=  18 years) with unruptured @entity2 , from 1990-2011 in English were considered for inclusion. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies involving 2295 @entity3 undergoing clipping or coiling for @entity3 were included for analysis. There were 1530 @entity3 which were treated with clipping, and 765 @entity3 treated with coiling. Pooled analysis revealed failure of @entity3 in 3.0% (1.2-7.4% 95% CI) of clipped cases. Pooled analysis of 15 studies (606 @entity3 ) involving coiling and occlusion revealed lack of occlusion rates of 47.7% (43.6-51.8% 95% CI) with the fixed-effects model and 48.2% (39.0-57.4% 95% CI) with the random-effects model. Thirteen studies examined neurological outcomes after clipping and were pooled for analysis. Both fixed- and random-effect models revealed unfavourable outcomes in 2.1% (1.3-3.3% 95% CI) of @entity0 . There were 17 studies evaluating potential unfavourable neurological outcomes after coiling that were pooled for analysis. Fixed- and random-effect models revealed unfavourable outcomes in 6.5% (4.5-9.3% 95% CI) and 4.9% (3.0-8.1% 95% CI) of @entity0 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Based upon this systematic review and meta-analysis of unruptured @entity2 , after careful consideration of @entity0 , aneurysmal, and treatment center factors, we recommend surgical clipping for unruptured @entity2 .

title: Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Endovascular Coiling Versus Microsurgical Clipping for Unruptured Middle Cerebral XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided injections around the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) at different levels in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . METHODS: The study was approved by the university ethics committee and informed oral and written consent were obtained from all @entity0 . Between June 2008 and August 2013, 20 @entity0 with symptoms of @entity4 , including nine @entity0 (mean age, 61.33 years) and 11 @entity0 (mean age 61.18 years), were treated with US-guided injection of @entity2 along the LFCN at three different levels in a mean of 2.25 sessions. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure symptoms before, immediately after and 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: Complete resolution of symptoms was documented in 15/20 @entity0 (mean VAS decreased from 82 to 0), and partial resolution in the remaining five (mean VAS decreased from 92 to 42), which was confirmed at 12-month follow-up. By using the different levels of injection approach overall significantly better symptom relief was obtained (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSION: The outcome of US-guided injection along the LFCN can be further improved by injections at different levels (p   <   0.05), which was confirmed at 12-month long-term follow-up. KEY POINTS: @entity3 paraesthetica is an @entity1 of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Ultrasound proved effective in diagnosis and in guiding injection therapy. Injection at the anterior superior iliac spine has been used previously. Multiple injections along the nerve course were used in this study. Long-term follow-up (12 months) confirmed the results.

title: XXXX paraesthetica: Ultrasound-guided injection at multiple levels with 12-month follow-up.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is currently the most common @entity13 in Czech Republic after @entity1 and @entity10 particularly in postmenopausal @entity0 . Over the past 40 years @entity5 has changed from a rare severe @entity2 with @entity3 , @entity14 , @entity8 , easy @entity9 and proximal @entity4 . During 43 years we have examined one of the greatest groups of @entity0 with @entity5 . In the early 1970 the estimated incidence of @entity5 in former Czechoslovakia was approximately 8 cases per 100 000 @entity0 per year. Our data showed that the incidence of @entity5 increased sharply to 24 cases per 100 000 @entity0 per year in same community with the introduction of automated serum @entity6 and iPTH measurement. The disease is four times more frequent in @entity0 as in @entity0 . The ratio @entity0 to @entity0 did not changed since 1981. However the incidence of @entity5 changed in Czech Republic from previous years, it develops around the fifth decade of life and is increasingly discovered with advancing age. The incidence of @entity3 , @entity1 , @entity12 , @entity8 and @entity14 among @entity0 with @entity5 is higher as compared with the incidence of these diseases in the general population. However there are still @entity0 suffering from bone and renal complication of @entity5 . Removing the @entity7 by an experienced surgeon is the first choice of treatment of @entity0 with @entity5 . The study offers valuable data on the actual state of @entity11 @entity0 in the Czech Republic.

title: Changes in the Pattern of XXXX in Czech Republic.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to discuss the macroscopic and microscopic properties of gallbladder specimens obtained from living liver donors. METHODS: The study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and histopathological data of 1088 donors who underwent living donor hepatectomy between March 2005 and September 2014  at Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Liver Transplantation Center. Age, sex, macroscopic, and microscopic properties of the gallbladder (bladder length, diameter, content, and histopathological properties) were recorded by 2 researchers. RESULTS: A total of 1009 donors aged 17 to 66 years (31.1    9.5) met the inclusion criteria, whereas 79 donors were excluded due to missing data. In total, 587 donors were male (30.5    9.1 years [16-63 years]) and 422 were female (31.8    9.8 years [18-66 years]). Preoperative tests revealed @entity9 in 3 subjects, whereas other donors' biochemical tests were within normal ranges. The macroscopic examination of gallbladders revealed mean gallbladder wall thickness, length, and width of 1.82    0.8  mm (1-10  mm), 72    11.4  mm (40-120  mm), and 52.5    14  mm (15-90  mm), respectively. The microscopic gallbladder examination showed that 740 donors had a normal gallbladder, 193 had @entity7 (1 donor had antral metaplasia and 1 had @entity6 ), 40 had cholesterolosis (1 donor had both @entity2 and @entity6 ), 15 had minimal @entity7 (1 donor had pyloric metaplasia), 14 had @entity8 , 2 had @entity5 , 2 had muscular @entity3 , 1 had @entity4 , 1 had microdiverticulitis, and 1 had @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The results of this study reflect the actual gallbladder pathologies that can be detected in healthy @entity0 . Clearer conclusions can be reached about the epidemiological data on gallbladder as the number of living liver donors increases in the future.

title: Histopathologic Findings of Cholecystectomy Specimens in XXXX Who Underwent Donor Hepatectomy for Living Donor Liver Transplantation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: QUESTION: In @entity0 after @entity1 , does virtual reality based rehabilitation (VRBR) improve walking speed, balance and mobility more than the same duration of standard rehabilitation? In @entity0 after @entity1 , does adding extra VRBR to standard rehabilitation improve the effects on gait, balance and mobility? DESIGN: Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised trials. @entity0 : Adults with a clinical diagnosis of @entity1 . INTERVENTION: Eligible trials had to include one these comparisons: VRBR replacing some or all of standard rehabilitation or VRBR used as extra rehabilitation time added to a standard rehabilitation regimen. OUTCOME MEASURES: Walking speed, balance, mobility and adverse events. RESULTS: In total, 15 trials involving 341 @entity0 were included. When VRBR replaced some or all of the standard rehabilitation, there were statistically significant benefits in walking speed ( @entity2 0.15 m/s, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.19), balance ( @entity2 2.1 points on the Berg Balance Scale, 95% CI 1.8 to 2.5) and mobility ( @entity2 2.3 seconds on the Timed Up and Go test, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.4). When VRBR was added to standard rehabilitation, mobility showed a significant benefit (0.7 seconds on the Timed Up and Go test, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.1), but insufficient evidence was found to comment about walking speed (one trial) and balance (high heterogeneity). CONCLUSION: Substituting some or all of a standard rehabilitation regimen with VRBR elicits greater benefits in walking speed, balance and mobility in @entity0 with @entity1 . Although the benefits are small, the extra cost of applying virtual reality to standard rehabilitation is also small, especially when spread over many @entity0 in a clinic. Adding extra VRBR time to standard rehabilitation also has some benefits; further research is needed to determine if these benefits are clinically worthwhile. [Corbetta D, Imeri F, Gatti R (2015) Rehabilitation that incorporates virtual reality is more effective than standard rehabilitation for improving walking speed, balance and mobility after @entity1 : a systematic review.Journal of PhysiotherapyXX: XX-XX].

title: Rehabilitation that incorporates virtual reality is more effective than standard rehabilitation for improving walking speed, balance and mobility after XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 reduce mortality after @entity1 , but up to half of @entity0 discontinue statin use within 1 year of therapy initiation. Although cost may influence medication adherence, it is unknown whether use of generic versus brand @entity2 influences adherence. METHODS AND RESULTS: We linked detailed inhospital clinical data for 1421 non-ST-segment elevation @entity1 @entity0 discharged on a statin in 2006 to Medicare Part D medication claims records to examine postdischarge medication use. One-year statin adherence was defined using the proportion of days covered with optimal adherence >= 80%. We examined the association of brand versus generic statin prescription and 1-year adherence after adjusting for demographics, clinical factors, predischarge lipid values, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. Overall, 65.5% of statin fills were for brand-name @entity2 . There were few baseline differences in demographics and clinical factors among generic versus brand users. @entity0 copay amounts were higher for brand versus generic @entity2 (median =  25 vs  5, P < .001), yet the mean proportion of days covered over 1 year was similar (71.5% vs 68.9%; P = .97; unadjusted odds ratio 1.15 [95% CI 0.96-1.37]). Proportion of days covered >= 80% was low for both generic (56.2%) and brand @entity2 (55.9%; P = .93). Statin adherence rates remained similar between generic and brand users after adjusting for demographics, clinical risk factors, lipid value, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of older non-ST-segment elevation @entity1 @entity0 , we found no evidence that use of generic versus brand drug was associated with higher adherence to @entity2 at 1 year after hospital discharge.

title: @entity0 adherence to generic versus brand statin therapy after XXXX : Insights from the Can Rapid Stratification of Unstable Angina @entity0 Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines Registry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 reduce mortality after @entity1 , but up to half of @entity0 discontinue statin use within 1 year of therapy initiation. Although cost may influence medication adherence, it is unknown whether use of generic versus brand @entity2 influences adherence. METHODS AND RESULTS: We linked detailed inhospital clinical data for 1421 non-ST-segment elevation @entity1 @entity0 discharged on a statin in 2006 to Medicare Part D medication claims records to examine postdischarge medication use. One-year statin adherence was defined using the proportion of days covered with optimal adherence >= 80%. We examined the association of brand versus generic statin prescription and 1-year adherence after adjusting for demographics, clinical factors, predischarge lipid values, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. Overall, 65.5% of statin fills were for brand-name @entity2 . There were few baseline differences in demographics and clinical factors among generic versus brand users. @entity0 copay amounts were higher for brand versus generic @entity2 (median =  25 vs  5, P < .001), yet the mean proportion of days covered over 1 year was similar (71.5% vs 68.9%; P = .97; unadjusted odds ratio 1.15 [95% CI 0.96-1.37]). Proportion of days covered >= 80% was low for both generic (56.2%) and brand @entity2 (55.9%; P = .93). Statin adherence rates remained similar between generic and brand users after adjusting for demographics, clinical risk factors, lipid value, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of older non-ST-segment elevation @entity1 @entity0 , we found no evidence that use of generic versus brand drug was associated with higher adherence to @entity2 at 1 year after hospital discharge.

title: XXXX adherence to generic versus brand statin therapy after @entity1 : Insights from the Can Rapid Stratification of Unstable Angina @entity0 Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines Registry.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 reduce mortality after @entity1 , but up to half of @entity0 discontinue statin use within 1 year of therapy initiation. Although cost may influence medication adherence, it is unknown whether use of generic versus brand @entity2 influences adherence. METHODS AND RESULTS: We linked detailed inhospital clinical data for 1421 non-ST-segment elevation @entity1 @entity0 discharged on a statin in 2006 to Medicare Part D medication claims records to examine postdischarge medication use. One-year statin adherence was defined using the proportion of days covered with optimal adherence >= 80%. We examined the association of brand versus generic statin prescription and 1-year adherence after adjusting for demographics, clinical factors, predischarge lipid values, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. Overall, 65.5% of statin fills were for brand-name @entity2 . There were few baseline differences in demographics and clinical factors among generic versus brand users. @entity0 copay amounts were higher for brand versus generic @entity2 (median =  25 vs  5, P < .001), yet the mean proportion of days covered over 1 year was similar (71.5% vs 68.9%; P = .97; unadjusted odds ratio 1.15 [95% CI 0.96-1.37]). Proportion of days covered >= 80% was low for both generic (56.2%) and brand @entity2 (55.9%; P = .93). Statin adherence rates remained similar between generic and brand users after adjusting for demographics, clinical risk factors, lipid value, prior statin use, and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: In a cohort of older non-ST-segment elevation @entity1 @entity0 , we found no evidence that use of generic versus brand drug was associated with higher adherence to @entity2 at 1 year after hospital discharge.

title: @entity0 adherence to generic versus brand statin therapy after @entity1 : Insights from the Can Rapid Stratification of Unstable Angina XXXX Suppress Adverse Outcomes with Early Implementation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines Registry.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Lack of @entity0 is considered a neurophysiological hallmark of @entity1 . However, the results of visual evoked potential (VEP) studies have been discrepant, possibly because of different stimulation parameters and lack of blinding. Hence, there is a need for independent confirmation of lack of VEP @entity0 in @entity1 . In this blinded study we applied 16' checks to supplement our previous findings with 8', 31', 62' and 65' checks. METHODS: VEPs in 41 interictal migraineurs and 30 controls were compared. VEPs were recorded in six blocks of 100 single responses. Linear N70-P100 amplitude change over blocks ( @entity0 slope) was compared with an independent samples Student's t-test. RESULTS: Amplitude decline over blocks was observed in both groups. @entity0 slope was not significantly different between controls (-0.43  0.54 V/block) and migraineurs (-0.29  0.35 V/block) (p=0.33). CONCLUSION: VEP @entity0 with 16' checks did not differ in migraineurs and controls. This is in agreement with previous findings with other stimulation parameters. It is therefore unlikely that use of different stimulation parameters could explain the discrepant results of previous studies. No studies that applied blinding during recording of VEP have found lack of @entity0 in migraineurs. SIGNIFICANCE: Lack of VEP @entity0 cannot be considered a reliable neurophysiological hallmark in @entity1 .

title: Visual evoked potentials in XXXX : Is the "neurophysiological hallmark" concept still valid?

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose Only a limited number of studies have investigated return to work of sick-listed workers with mental health problems, and more knowledge is needed about the influence of non-disorder-related factors. This study aimed to identify longitudinal associations between demographic, personality, disorder-related and work-related characteristics and sustainable return to work of sick-listed workers with a @entity2 . Methods We used data of a large Dutch cohort study to prospectively study longitudinal associations between biopsychosocial factors and sustainable return to work in 2  years. Associations were studied by means of univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. @entity0 who were sick-listed at baseline and had a lifetime diagnosis of a @entity2 and/or @entity1 were included in this study (N  =  215). Results In 2  years, 51.6  % of the @entity0 returned to work sustainably. Age, household income, extraversion, employment status, skill discretion and job security were significantly (P   <=  0.05) associated with sustainable RTW in 2  years in the univariable analyses. The multivariable analysis revealed significant associations between sustainable return to work and age (OR per 10  years  =  0.67; 95  % CI 0.47-0.95), household income (OR per 100 @entity3 's a month  =  1.04; 95  % CI 1.00-1.08) and being on sickness benefit versus being (self-)employed (OR 0.39; 95  % CI 0.20-0.77). Conclusions In the long-run not disorder-related factors, but an older age, the absence of a job and a low household income seem to complicate return to work. Policy and research should focus on facilitators and barriers for return to work of workers with these characteristics.

title: Longitudinal Associations Between Biopsychosocial Factors and Sustainable Return to Work of Sick-Listed Workers with a XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Karydakis flap (K-flap) and excision with healing by secondary intention (EHSI) are currently accepted methods for surgical management of sacrococcygeal @entity1 . This clinical trial study aimed to compare early and late outcomes of these two surgical techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this controlled, prospective, randomized clinical trial, @entity0 diagnosed with sacrococcygeal @entity1 were randomly allocated to two groups. @entity0 in the first group underwent Karydakis procedure, whereas EHSI was the surgical management in the second group. The two techniques were compared based on their overall time of wound healing, return to work, rate of complications, and recurrence. RESULTS: A total of 321 @entity0 including 161 in the K-flap group and 160 in the EHSI group were included in the study. The median follow-up duration was 49  mo. The mean time of wound healing (16.44 versus 80.01  d, P  <  0.001), return to work (14.44 versus 24.19, P  <  0.001), rate of wound complications (18.7% versus 31.2%, P  =  0.006), and recurrence (1.2% versus 7.5%, P  =  0.005) were all significantly lower in the K-flap group. The mean operation time was significantly shorter in the EHSI group (15.87 versus 55.17  min, P  <  0.001). The K-flap group showed significantly higher @entity2 on their first postoperative day and significantly less @entity2 after 1  wk (P  <  0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Although both techniques are safe, the K-flap is associated with significantly lower rates of complications and recurrence and significantly shorter time of wound healing and return to work.

title: Karydakis flap versus excision-only technique in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The mechanism of gastric mucosal protection by an antiulcer agent, @entity7 ( @entity8 ), against @entity2 -induced injury was investigated. The experiments were conducted with groups of @entity0 with and without intraperitoneal @entity5 pretreatment. Animals received intragastrically either a dose of @entity8 (200 mg/kg) or a vehicle, followed 30 min later by 1 ml of absolute @entity2 . The @entity0 were sacrificed after 30 min and the gastric mucosa was subjected to macroscopic and histologic assessment and the measurements of adherent mucus, its dimension and chemical composition. In the absence of @entity8 , @entity2 produced advanced macroscopic @entity1 (greater than 38%) and the extensive @entity1 were visible upon histologic examination. Pretreatment with @entity8 significantly reduced (p less than 0.001) the extent and depth of mucosal @entity1 caused by @entity2 , and this protection was not thwarted by @entity5 . Evaluation of the adherent mucus and its dimension by @entity6 uptake and inverted microscope technique revealed that @entity8 was also capable of preventing the untoward effect of @entity5 on the adherent gastric mucus gel and its thickness. Results of chemical analyses established that in the absence of @entity8 @entity5 caused an increase in mucus protein (15%) and a decrease in its covalently bound @entity3 (67%) and lipids (36%). The decrease in lipids was particularly reflected in the content of phospholipids. @entity5 , however, had no apparent effect on the composition of gastric mucus elaborated in the presence of @entity8 . The results suggest that gastric mucosal protective action of @entity8 is not mediated by endogenous @entity4 but rather appears to involve the metabolism of mucosal lipids.

title: Protection against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury by @entity7 : effect of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The mechanism of gastric mucosal protection by an antiulcer agent, @entity7 ( @entity8 ), against @entity2 -induced injury was investigated. The experiments were conducted with groups of @entity0 with and without intraperitoneal @entity5 pretreatment. Animals received intragastrically either a dose of @entity8 (200 mg/kg) or a vehicle, followed 30 min later by 1 ml of absolute @entity2 . The @entity0 were sacrificed after 30 min and the gastric mucosa was subjected to macroscopic and histologic assessment and the measurements of adherent mucus, its dimension and chemical composition. In the absence of @entity8 , @entity2 produced advanced macroscopic @entity1 (greater than 38%) and the extensive @entity1 were visible upon histologic examination. Pretreatment with @entity8 significantly reduced (p less than 0.001) the extent and depth of mucosal @entity1 caused by @entity2 , and this protection was not thwarted by @entity5 . Evaluation of the adherent mucus and its dimension by @entity6 uptake and inverted microscope technique revealed that @entity8 was also capable of preventing the untoward effect of @entity5 on the adherent gastric mucus gel and its thickness. Results of chemical analyses established that in the absence of @entity8 @entity5 caused an increase in mucus protein (15%) and a decrease in its covalently bound @entity3 (67%) and lipids (36%). The decrease in lipids was particularly reflected in the content of phospholipids. @entity5 , however, had no apparent effect on the composition of gastric mucus elaborated in the presence of @entity8 . The results suggest that gastric mucosal protective action of @entity8 is not mediated by endogenous @entity4 but rather appears to involve the metabolism of mucosal lipids.

title: Protection against alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury by XXXX : effect of @entity5 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: We explored the association between @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity2 in @entity0 with ischemic @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: A total of 488 @entity3 / @entity3 @entity0 received magnetic resonance imaging. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate global cognitive function and cognitive domains. The association of CMB quantity with cognitive function and the impact of CMB locations (strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed regions) on @entity2 were examined in regression models with adjustments for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 113 subjects (23.2%) had >= 1 CMB. Strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed @entity5 were identified in 36, 40, and 37 @entity0 , respectively. The presence of >= 5 @entity5 or strictly deep @entity5 was associated with the MoCA total score (p = 0.007 and 0.020, respectively). Of all MoCA domains tested, a lower score in the attention domain was related to the presence of >= 5 @entity5 (p = 0.014) and strictly deep @entity5 (p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: @entity5 were associated with @entity2 in @entity1 / @entity3 @entity0 , especially in the attention domain. This association was mainly driven by @entity5 in the deep region, underlining the role of hypertensive @entity4 in @entity1 -related @entity2 .

title: Cerebral Microbleeds and Cognitive Function in XXXX or Transient Ischemic Attack @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: We explored the association between @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity2 in @entity0 with ischemic @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: A total of 488 @entity3 / @entity3 @entity0 received magnetic resonance imaging. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate global cognitive function and cognitive domains. The association of CMB quantity with cognitive function and the impact of CMB locations (strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed regions) on @entity2 were examined in regression models with adjustments for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 113 subjects (23.2%) had >= 1 CMB. Strictly lobar, strictly deep, and mixed @entity5 were identified in 36, 40, and 37 @entity0 , respectively. The presence of >= 5 @entity5 or strictly deep @entity5 was associated with the MoCA total score (p = 0.007 and 0.020, respectively). Of all MoCA domains tested, a lower score in the attention domain was related to the presence of >= 5 @entity5 (p = 0.014) and strictly deep @entity5 (p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: @entity5 were associated with @entity2 in @entity1 / @entity3 @entity0 , especially in the attention domain. This association was mainly driven by @entity5 in the deep region, underlining the role of hypertensive @entity4 in @entity1 -related @entity2 .

title: Cerebral Microbleeds and Cognitive Function in @entity3 or Transient Ischemic Attack XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The transition from no coronary artery @entity4 (CAC) to detectable CAC is important, as even mild CAC is associated with increased cardiovascular events. We sought to characterize the anatomic distribution and burden of newly detectable CAC over 10-year follow-up. METHODS: We evaluated 3112 @entity0 (mean age, 58  years; 64% female) with baseline CAC  = 0 from the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity5 . @entity0 underwent repeat CAC testing at different time intervals (between 2-10  years after baseline) per the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity5 protocol. Among @entity0 who developed CAC on a follow-up scan, we used logistic regression and marginal probability modeling to describe the coronary distribution and burden of new CAC by age, sex, and race after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and time to detection. RESULTS: A total of 1125 @entity0 developed detectable CAC during follow-up with a mean time to detection of 6.1    3  years. New CAC was most commonly isolated to 1 vessel (72% of @entity0 ), with the left anterior descending artery (44% of total) most commonly affected followed by the right coronary (12%), left circumflex (10%), and left main (6%). These patterns were similar across age, sex, and race. In multivariate models, residual predictors of multivessel CAC (28% of total) included male sex, African American or Hispanic race, @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity1 . At the first detection of CAC >0, burden was usually low with median Agatston CAC score of 7.1 and <5% with CAC scores >100. CONCLUSION: New-onset CAC most commonly involves just 1 vessel, occurs in the left anterior descending artery, and has low CAC burden. New CAC can be detected at an early stage when aggressive preventive strategies may provide benefit.

title: Distribution and burden of newly detected coronary artery XXXX : Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of @entity5 .

answer: @entity4