abstract: The rural population of 63,645 living in the mountainous Kuthar Valley of South Kashmir, Northwest India was surveyed to determine the prevalence of major @entity1 , including @entity2 (called Lath/Mirgi/Laran in the local language). The survey was done according to a World Health Organization protocol (1981). House-to-house screening was done by Anganwadi workers to identify @entity0 with possible @entity2 . The screening questionnaire was translated into local vernacular. @entity0 who had some indication of a history of @entity3 or other @entity1 were subsequently examined by a neurologic team. The diagnostic criteria of Hauser and Kurland (1975) were used to define cases of active @entity2 and @entity3 classification (ILAE, 1981) was done only with clinical data. One hundred fifty-seven cases of active @entity2 were detected, giving a crude prevalence rate of 2.47/1,000 general population. In those aged less than 14 years, prevalence was 3.18/1,000. Ninety-five (60.5%) of all cases were male; 91% of active @entity2 cases had onset of @entity3 before age 30 years. Mean age of onset in males was 5.3 years, and in females it was 7.1 years. Mean duration of @entity3 was 6 years; 78.9% cases had generalized @entity3 , 74.5% cases were receiving no specific treatment, 99.4% cases were born of home delivery, and 8.9% cases had a positive family history of @entity3 . @entity4 was the most common associated abnormality in 22.9% of cases.

title: Prevalence and pattern of XXXX (Lath/Mirgi/Laran) in rural Kashmir, India.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity12 and @entity10 are often associated with retention of antibody-secreting cells (ASC). Although beneficial or detrimental contributions of ASC to @entity13 remain to be defined, virus-specific ASC are crucial in controlling persistent CNS @entity2 following coronavirus-induced @entity11 . This report characterizes expression kinetics of factors associated with ASC homing, differentiation, and survival in the spinal cord, the prominent site of coronavirus persistence. Infection induced a vast, @entity7 )-dependent, prolonged increase in @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity4 , and @entity5 mRNA, supporting a role for @entity6 (C @entity3 -mediated ASC recruitment. Similarly, C @entity8 T cell-secreted i @entity14 a critical regulator of both peripheral activated B cells and C @entity9 T cells, was sustained during viral persistence. The ASC survival factors B cell-activating factor of the t @entity0 n @entity1 factor (TNF) family (BAFF) and a proliferating-inducing ligand (APRIL) were also significantly elevated in the infected CNS, albeit delayed relative to the chemokines. Unlike IFN-y-dependent BAFF upregulation, APRIL induction was IFN-y independent. Moreover, both APRIL and BAFF were predominantly localized to astrocytes. Last, the expression kinetics of the APRIL and BAFF receptors coincided with CNS accumulation of ASC. Therefore, the factors associated with ASC migration, differentiation, and survival are all induced during acute viral e @entity11 prior to ASC accumulation in the CNS. Importantly, the CNS expression kinetics implicate rapid establishment, and subsequent maintenance, of an environment capable of supporting differentiation and survival of protective antiviral ASC, recruited as plasmablasts from lymphoid organs.

title: Factors supporting intrathecal humoral responses following viral XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: @entity4 factor ( @entity5 ) is necessary for the initial attachment of platelets to exposed subendothelium, particularly under flow conditions like those prevailing in the microcirculation. Little is known about its possible participation in subsequent events leading to formation of platelet thrombi at sites of @entity1 . We addressed this question by studying the mechanisms by which desialylated @entity5 induces @entity2 in the absence of any other stimulus. Asialo @entity5 , unlike the native molecule, does not require @entity6 to interact with platelets. Agglutination induced by @entity6 is largely independent of active platelet metabolism and only partially reflects physiological events. We have shown here that binding of asialo @entity5 to platelets was accompanied by release of dense granule content and subsequent @entity0 -dependent fibrinogen binding to receptors on the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa complex. The initial interaction of asialo @entity5 with platelets was mediated by GPIb, as shown by blocking obtained with monoclonal antibody. Inhibition of this initial interaction completely abolished @entity2 induced by asialo @entity5 . The same effect was obtained with a monoclonal anti- @entity3 /IIIa antibody. This, however, did not block asialo @entity5 binding to platelets, but rather inhibited subsequent fibrinogen binding induced by asialo @entity5 . Therefore, the latter process was also essential for @entity2 under the conditions described. At saturation, asialo @entity5 induced binding of between 3.2 and 27.7 X 10(3) fibrinogen molecules/platelet, with an apparent dissociation constant between 0.28 and 1.18 X 10(-6) M. This study shows that asialo, and possibly native, @entity5 acts as a platelet agonist after its binding to GPIb and induces aggregation through a pathway dependent on @entity3 /IIIa-related receptors.

title: Interaction of asialo XXXX factor with glycoprotein Ib induces fibrinogen binding to the @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 factor ( @entity5 ) is necessary for the initial attachment of platelets to exposed subendothelium, particularly under flow conditions like those prevailing in the microcirculation. Little is known about its possible participation in subsequent events leading to formation of platelet thrombi at sites of @entity1 . We addressed this question by studying the mechanisms by which desialylated @entity5 induces @entity2 in the absence of any other stimulus. Asialo @entity5 , unlike the native molecule, does not require @entity6 to interact with platelets. Agglutination induced by @entity6 is largely independent of active platelet metabolism and only partially reflects physiological events. We have shown here that binding of asialo @entity5 to platelets was accompanied by release of dense granule content and subsequent @entity0 -dependent fibrinogen binding to receptors on the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa complex. The initial interaction of asialo @entity5 with platelets was mediated by GPIb, as shown by blocking obtained with monoclonal antibody. Inhibition of this initial interaction completely abolished @entity2 induced by asialo @entity5 . The same effect was obtained with a monoclonal anti- @entity3 /IIIa antibody. This, however, did not block asialo @entity5 binding to platelets, but rather inhibited subsequent fibrinogen binding induced by asialo @entity5 . Therefore, the latter process was also essential for @entity2 under the conditions described. At saturation, asialo @entity5 induced binding of between 3.2 and 27.7 X 10(3) fibrinogen molecules/platelet, with an apparent dissociation constant between 0.28 and 1.18 X 10(-6) M. This study shows that asialo, and possibly native, @entity5 acts as a platelet agonist after its binding to GPIb and induces aggregation through a pathway dependent on @entity3 /IIIa-related receptors.

title: Interaction of asialo @entity4 factor with glycoprotein Ib induces fibrinogen binding to the XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Pulsed bidirectional Doppler-ultrasound equipment was used to measure changes in blood velocities in the femoral artery on a beat to beat basis for consecutive contraction and relaxation phases during voluntary rhythmic exercise of the quadriceps muscle group in @entity0 . 2. Rapid and large fluctuations of blood velocities were found, being high during relaxation and low during contraction phases. At the onset of contraction phase, negative velocities were present, indicating retrograde flow. During the rest of the contraction phase, forward flow occurred comparable to the resting flow level even at high loads. 3. Estimated maximal flow to the whole leg during relaxation phase, calculated from these blood velocity measurements and vessel diameter (measured with echo-ultrasound equipment with high resolution) was in two of the subjects 3.32 l @entity1 (female) and 5.97 l @entity1 (male). When using computer tomography to estimate the volume of the quadriceps muscle group, the calculated maximum flow to this muscle group was 243 (female) and 257 (male) ml @entity1 100 ml muscle-1. The time-averaged flow during exercise to the whole leg was 1.51 l @entity1 (female) and 2.47 l @entity1 (male). The calculated time-averaged flow to the quadriceps muscle group was 101 (female) and 98 (male) ml @entity1 100 ml muscle-1. 4. The duration of post-contraction hyperaemia following such rhythmic exercise of up to 6 min duration and up to 75% maximum voluntary contraction was never in excess of 150 s.

title: Time course and magnitude of blood flow changes in the XXXX quadriceps muscles during and following rhythmic exercise.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A case of @entity5 (Kepes) is reported. This @entity0 was a 12-year-old @entity0 with a history of @entity3 seizure. Neurological examination on admission showed no abnormality. Plain CT scan revealed a well defined low density area with calcification in the right frontal lobe. A part of peripheral portion of low density area were well enhanced with contrast media. At operation, there was a cyst containing xanthochromic fluid in the right frontal lobe. A part of cyst well near the cerebral surface was reddish hard. Total @entity1 and subtotal removal of the cyst wall were performed. He has been doing well for these 3 years following craniotomy and has no deficit without CT evidence of recurrent @entity1 . Histologically the @entity1 cells displayed marked pleomorohism. However either @entity2 or mitosis were not seen. Frequently these cells had vacuolated or foamy cytoplasm. There were many of the giant cells and multinucleated cells. In some area, these @entity1 cells were surrounded by a fine network of reticulin fibers. Electron microscopically the @entity1 cells were occasionally filled with glial filament and lipid granules were seen. Immunoperoxidase technique revealed @entity4 in the cytoplasm of the @entity1 cells. This case was considered to be @entity5 first proposed by Kepes.

title: [A case of XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: The utility and prognostic significance of the @entity2 classification was studied in 237 @entity0 with a @entity6 . No significant differences in actuarial survival and probability of transformation to acute @entity4 were found in @entity0 with @entity1 , AISA or @entity8 . The median survival time for the @entity1 group was 50 months, for the AISA and @entity8 subclasses more than 60 months. The probability of transformation for the @entity1 , AISA and @entity8 subgroups showed a linear trend with a probability of 25% for the @entity1 , 16% for the AISA and of 18% for the @entity8 groups after a 5 year observation period. A uniformly poor prognosis was found for the @entity7 and @entity7 /t subgroups with median survival times of respectively 9 and 6 months. @entity5 were found in 68 out of 155 @entity0 (44%). @entity0 with only normal metaphases or with abnormal metaphases together with karyotypic normal cells had a longer median survival time and a lower probability for transformation as compared to those with only abnormal metaphases. The most important factor in prognosis is the number of blast cells in blood and bone marrow. Age and sex, and certain quantitative and qualitative @entity3 appear of limited prognostic value for @entity0 with @entity1 , AISA and @entity8 . The longer life expectancy of 35 @entity0 with @entity8 as compared to other series seems to be related to the percentage of blast cells at the time of diagnosis.

title: Utility of the @entity2 classification for XXXX syndromes: investigation of prognostic factors in 237 cases.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The utility and prognostic significance of the @entity2 classification was studied in 237 @entity0 with a @entity6 . No significant differences in actuarial survival and probability of transformation to acute @entity4 were found in @entity0 with @entity1 , AISA or @entity8 . The median survival time for the @entity1 group was 50 months, for the AISA and @entity8 subclasses more than 60 months. The probability of transformation for the @entity1 , AISA and @entity8 subgroups showed a linear trend with a probability of 25% for the @entity1 , 16% for the AISA and of 18% for the @entity8 groups after a 5 year observation period. A uniformly poor prognosis was found for the @entity7 and @entity7 /t subgroups with median survival times of respectively 9 and 6 months. @entity5 were found in 68 out of 155 @entity0 (44%). @entity0 with only normal metaphases or with abnormal metaphases together with karyotypic normal cells had a longer median survival time and a lower probability for transformation as compared to those with only abnormal metaphases. The most important factor in prognosis is the number of blast cells in blood and bone marrow. Age and sex, and certain quantitative and qualitative @entity3 appear of limited prognostic value for @entity0 with @entity1 , AISA and @entity8 . The longer life expectancy of 35 @entity0 with @entity8 as compared to other series seems to be related to the percentage of blast cells at the time of diagnosis.

title: Utility of the XXXX classification for @entity6 syndromes: investigation of prognostic factors in 237 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The use of intermittent intra-aortic balloon tamponade was evaluated during resuscitation of @entity1 in a @entity2 model. Twenty adult @entity2 were exposed to severe @entity1 and they were all treated with crystalloids (8% of body wt) during one hour. Ten of these were also treated with intermittent supraceliac intra-aortic balloon tamponade during the initial 30 min (group A) while the other 10 were used as a controls (group B). In the group treated with intra-aortic tamponade the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was rapidly increased as the balloon was inflated, but it dropped to the same level as in the control group during deflation. In this group there were also great fluctuations in systemic vascular resistance (SVR), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) when the aortic balloon was inflated/deflated, while central venous pressure (CVP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) were hardly affected at all. After final deflation of the aortic balloon (at 30 min), MAP remained 35% lower than the baseline value (p less than 0.01), similar to the control group. Cardiac index (CI) increased continuously during the first 30 min, at which time it reached the pre-shock level in both groups. At the end of the resuscitation period there was no significant difference between the two groups in any of the @entity0 measured. Four animals died in group A and 3 in group B within 24 hours, after which time the survivers were sacrificed. Both groups had high incidence of pathological changes in the kidneys, liver, intestine, and lungs. Six animals in group A had hind limb @entity3 and loss of anal sphinter tone after the resuscitation. It was concluded that intermittent supraceliac aortic occlusion for 30 minutes did not decrease morbidity or mortality in @entity2 exposed to severe @entity1 compared with a control group treated in a traditional way with fluid replacement.

title: Intermittent intra-aortic balloon tamponade during XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In order to investigate the mechanism of dyspnoea in @entity3 measurements of spirometry, lung volume, transfer factor for @entity2 and its subdivisions, maximal respiratory pressures, @entity4 challenge, arterial blood gases were made and exercise studies performed on 16 @entity0 before treatment for @entity3 . @entity4 challenge showed that only three of 14 @entity0 increased airway reactivity, which was mild. Maximal pressures which could be generated by the respiratory muscles were reduced in some @entity0 , as was functional residual capacity. Exercise ventilation and breathing frequency were increased and the respiratory exchange ratio was abnormally high. Anaerobic threshold was measured in nine of 15 subjects and was below normal in each case. All but two subjects stopped exercise because of dyspnoea, and the maximum @entity1 uptake achieved by the group was 53 per cent (n = 15, range 26-66 per cent) of predicted maximum @entity1 consumption. The maximum ventilation averaged only 43 per cent (n = 15, range 16-96 per cent) of the maximal breathing capacity predicted from spirometric tests. Nine @entity0 were studied shortly after being rendered euthyroid by treatment. At rest, only maximal respiratory pressures increased significantly. On exercise, the maximal workload attained and the ventilation achieved increased significantly. Breathing patterns, maximal @entity1 consumption, ventilation, anaerobic threshold and cardiac frequency remained unchanged. We conclude that: @entity0 with @entity3 do not generally have increased airway reactivity; when @entity3 , respiratory muscles are weak, and improve following treatment; exercise capacity is impaired in @entity3 @entity0 probably because of a combination of an inefficiently rapid and shallow breathing pattern, an increase of anaerobic metabolism and discomfort associated with the act of breathing. Although exercise capacity increases and the sensation of dyspnoea may decrease after treatment the pattern of breathing does not immediately return to normal.

title: Lung function and exercise performance in XXXX before and after treatment.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We have previously described surgical techniques for draining severe cases of @entity1 by means of an artificial implant. Wherever possible these implants have been inserted in two stages. The technique involved suturing the episcleral plates of the implant to the sclera without connecting them to the chamber as the first procedure. Following this procedure the presence of the plates cause the surrounding tissue to form a thin fibrous envelope called a preformed @entity2 . After a suitable interval of between six and eight weeks the connecting tube of the implant was inserted into the anterio chamber so as to drain aqueous into this preformed @entity2 . This manoeuvre drastically reduced the incidence of @entity0 and has proved a safe and effective technique. This communication reports an improvement on this technique in which the connecting tube of the implant is occluded by a ligature of 5-0 vicryl before inserting the tube into the anterior chamber through a fine needle puncture, at the same time as the episcleral plates of the implant are sutured to the sclera. The effect of this procedure is thus to prevent any drainage of aqueous until three to five weeks after operation when the vicryl suture material dissolves, allowing aqueous to drain into the preformed bleb system lined by a thin layer of dense fibrous tissue. This technique provides the advantages of the previous two-stage technique without the need for a second operation. The surgical technique is described together with the results of treating a series of 20 eyes with severe @entity1 .

title: The vicryl tie technique for inserting a draining implant in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Studies were performed to determine the location, with respect to cell cycle phase, of the radiobiologically @entity4 cells in @entity3 . Cells dispersed from solid KHT @entity0 were separated into subpopulations at different stages of the cell cycle by centrifugal elutriation. Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content of these subpopulations indicated that the degree of synchrony that could be achieved was greater than or equal to 95% for G1 cells, 70-75% for S cells and 70-75% for G2M cells. The approach to locate and characterize @entity4 cells was based on the premise that due to their lack of @entity2 such cells would preferentially survive radiation treatment. Consequently @entity3 were irradiated in situ either in dead animals or in animals breathing air. Following treatment, the @entity0 were dissociated, the cells elutriated into the various phases of the cell cycle and clonogenic cell survival was determined. Complete dose-response curves were determined for cells in the G1, S and G2M cell cycle phases. The various cell cycle subpopulations obtained from @entity0 irradiated while @entity1 breathed air, all demonstrated survival curves with a break and final slope which paralleled that of the corresponding anoxic cell survival curve. From these curves the proportion of @entity0 cells in the G1 phase was calculated to be 10.1 +/- 1.7%. Because the elutriated S and G2M enriched cell fractions were to some extent contaminated by cells from other phases of the cell cycle, the percentage of @entity4 S and G2M @entity0 cells was estimated to range from 0-7% and 0-5% respectively. However, since G1 cells comprised the majority of all the neoplastic cells in these @entity0 , the data suggest that @entity4 cells in @entity3 are found primarily in this cell cycle stage.

title: Characterization of radiation resistant XXXX cell subpopulations in @entity3 . (I). Centrifugal elutriation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Studies were performed to determine the location, with respect to cell cycle phase, of the radiobiologically @entity4 cells in @entity3 . Cells dispersed from solid KHT @entity0 were separated into subpopulations at different stages of the cell cycle by centrifugal elutriation. Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content of these subpopulations indicated that the degree of synchrony that could be achieved was greater than or equal to 95% for G1 cells, 70-75% for S cells and 70-75% for G2M cells. The approach to locate and characterize @entity4 cells was based on the premise that due to their lack of @entity2 such cells would preferentially survive radiation treatment. Consequently @entity3 were irradiated in situ either in dead animals or in animals breathing air. Following treatment, the @entity0 were dissociated, the cells elutriated into the various phases of the cell cycle and clonogenic cell survival was determined. Complete dose-response curves were determined for cells in the G1, S and G2M cell cycle phases. The various cell cycle subpopulations obtained from @entity0 irradiated while @entity1 breathed air, all demonstrated survival curves with a break and final slope which paralleled that of the corresponding anoxic cell survival curve. From these curves the proportion of @entity0 cells in the G1 phase was calculated to be 10.1 +/- 1.7%. Because the elutriated S and G2M enriched cell fractions were to some extent contaminated by cells from other phases of the cell cycle, the percentage of @entity4 S and G2M @entity0 cells was estimated to range from 0-7% and 0-5% respectively. However, since G1 cells comprised the majority of all the neoplastic cells in these @entity0 , the data suggest that @entity4 cells in @entity3 are found primarily in this cell cycle stage.

title: Characterization of radiation resistant @entity4 cell subpopulations in XXXX . (I). Centrifugal elutriation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: High-resolution CT (HRCT) has the ability to demonstrate both asbestos-related @entity2 and @entity1 consistent with @entity3 . The role of CT in the diagnosis of @entity3 can be defined by comparing it with radiography. We evaluated 60 @entity0 who had a history of occupational exposure to asbestos and whose outside chest radiographs were considered abnormal. Chest radiographs (inside films) and HRCT were performed in all @entity0 at our institution and were interpreted independently by experienced radiologists. Outside film results were compiled from the submitted reports. The final conclusion regarding the interpretation of the radiologic examinations was determined by consensus when disagreements existed. Positive predictive values (the likelihood that a positive report is correct) for @entity2 were: outside films 56%, inside films 79%, HRCT 100%. The positive predictive values for parenchymal disease were: outside films 51%, inside films 83%, HRCT 100%. The addition of HRCT to chest radiography is most useful in eliminating false-positive diagnoses of asbestos-related @entity2 caused by subpleural fat and false-positive diagnoses of parenchymal @entity3 in @entity0 with extensive plaques or @entity4 obscuring lung detail. The interpretation of chest radiographs in @entity0 exposed to asbestos is often extremely difficult and subjective, and we recommend that positive findings (except calcified plaques) be confirmed with HRCT.

title: Asbestos-related @entity2 and XXXX : a comparison of CT and chest radiography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: High-resolution CT (HRCT) has the ability to demonstrate both asbestos-related @entity2 and @entity1 consistent with @entity3 . The role of CT in the diagnosis of @entity3 can be defined by comparing it with radiography. We evaluated 60 @entity0 who had a history of occupational exposure to asbestos and whose outside chest radiographs were considered abnormal. Chest radiographs (inside films) and HRCT were performed in all @entity0 at our institution and were interpreted independently by experienced radiologists. Outside film results were compiled from the submitted reports. The final conclusion regarding the interpretation of the radiologic examinations was determined by consensus when disagreements existed. Positive predictive values (the likelihood that a positive report is correct) for @entity2 were: outside films 56%, inside films 79%, HRCT 100%. The positive predictive values for parenchymal disease were: outside films 51%, inside films 83%, HRCT 100%. The addition of HRCT to chest radiography is most useful in eliminating false-positive diagnoses of asbestos-related @entity2 caused by subpleural fat and false-positive diagnoses of parenchymal @entity3 in @entity0 with extensive plaques or @entity4 obscuring lung detail. The interpretation of chest radiographs in @entity0 exposed to asbestos is often extremely difficult and subjective, and we recommend that positive findings (except calcified plaques) be confirmed with HRCT.

title: Asbestos-related XXXX and @entity3 : a comparison of CT and chest radiography.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 is an increasingly recognized cause of gastrointestinal tract @entity5 in the elderly. Colonoscopy is assuming an important role in diagnosis and treatment of these lesions. The records of 30 @entity0 who had a diagnosis of @entity4 made by colonoscopy have been retrospectively reviewed. The 30 @entity0 included 14 @entity0 and 16 @entity0 whose median age was 70 years (range, 54 to 89 years). All @entity0 had @entity4 of the cecum or ascending colon or both, five @entity0 (16.7%) had @entity2 , and 18 @entity0 (60%) had associated cardiac, vascular, pulmonary, or @entity1 . Of the 27 @entity0 who presented with gastrointestinal tract @entity5 , 13 (48.1%) underwent endoscopic fulguration, nine (33.3%) underwent resection, and seven (25.9%) were treated conservatively. Endoscopic fulguration was definitive treatment in 11 of the 27 @entity0 (40.7%). A positive histologic diagnosis of @entity4 was made in nine of 15 @entity0 (60%) in whom endoscopic biopsy was performed. In the hands of an experienced endoscopist, colonoscopy is a safe and effective way of diagnosing @entity4 and is potentially therapeutic. @entity6 should be attempted before operation in @entity0 with @entity3 , limited @entity5 , or concomitant severe medical disease.

title: XXXX . Diagnosis and treatment by colonoscopy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We have determined the structure and complete @entity0 sequence of the trifunctional trpC gene from the Ascomycetous fungus @entity4 . Results from RNA gel blot analyses showed that this gene encodes two size classes of polyribosomal, poly (A)+RNAs with approximate lengths of 2,400 and 2,600 @entity3 . S1 nuclease protection studies demonstrated that the distribution into the two size classes is due to selection of alternative sites for polyadenylation. The transcription units contain a single open translation reading frame of 2,304 @entity3 . The sequence of this reading frame is approximately 40% divergent from the sequence of the functionally analogous trp-1 gene from @entity2 (Schechtman, M.G. and Yanofsky, C., J. Mol. Appl. Gen. 2:83-99). The predicted amino acid sequence of the A. nidulans trpC polypeptide is also 40% divergent from the predicted @entity1 sequence of the @entity2 trp-1 polypeptide. The A. nidulans gene has considerably less bias in codon selection than observed for the @entity2 gene. Discrete regions of DNA homology were also found in similar positions in the 5' and 3' flanking sequences of the Aspergillus and @entity2 genes. Similar regions of homology were not observed in other Aspergillus or @entity2 genes that have been sequenced. Thus, if these evolutionarily conserved sequences act as signals for transcription initiation or polyadenylation, or are involved in gene regulation, their functions are restricted to a subset of protein coding genes in these two closely related fungi.

title: Primary structure of the trpC gene from XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Of all @entity0 with acute evolving @entity6 treated surgically at Duke University Medical Center between 1984 and 1986, 27 @entity0 given high doses (greater than 1.5 million units) of streptokinase preoperatively were studied. Eleven @entity0 who received streptokinase had coronary bypass grafting 12 hours after thrombolytic therapy (early hours), eight @entity0 between 12 and 72 hours (delayed), and eight @entity0 beyond 72 hours (late hours). Seventeen @entity0 who underwent coronary bypass grafting within 6 hours of the onset of symptoms, without preoperative streptokinase, were included as control @entity0 . Only the @entity0 having early operation had significantly greater postoperative @entity3 ; postoperative use of red blood cells; fresh-frozen plasma; cryoprecipitate; prolonged postoperative prothrombin time; and prolonged partial thromboplastin time. @entity0 having delayed or late operations did not differ significantly from @entity0 not receiving streptokinase. Only the interval between time of streptokinase administration and operation could account for the @entity7 and the @entity5 in the early group. @entity0 in the early group had a higher in-hospital mortality (27% versus 6% for the non-streptokinase group) and major noncardiac morbidity (36% versus 12% for the non-streptokinase group). @entity0 in the delayed and late groups had minimal @entity5 and no mortality. Observations were not explained by differences in total ischemic time, number of @entity2 , or number of @entity0 with @entity8 between the early group and the non-streptokinase group. @entity1 and massive use of blood products seemed to be contributory factors: Two of three @entity4 in the @entity0 having early operations were associated with clinical suspicion of tamponade. @entity0 undergoing coronary bypass grafting within 12 hours of streptokinase therapy appear to be a high-risk group in a more emergent, uncontrolled clinical setting and require aggressive monitoring and correction of @entity7 .

title: Immediate versus delayed coronary grafting after streptokinase treatment. XXXX and clinical results.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In order to investigate the role of mononuclear cells in infiltrates during the initial stages of @entity2 , the authors have studied by immunohistochemical methods the aortas and coronary vessels of @entity0 and young adults (ages 15-34) dying of acute @entity1 . Eccentric intimal thickening often accompanied by intimal mononuclear cell infiltration was commonly observed in sections of the lower thoracic aorta. These changes were usually related to intercostal branching sites and thus greater in the dorsal (posterior) than on the ventral aspect of the aorta in 64 of 75 cases examined. In some of these samples the authors were able to demonstrate the presence of T lymphocytes and monocyte-macrophages (mono/macs) by the use of the monoclonal antibodies T11 and Leu-M5, respectively. Many of the T lymphocytes were T8-positive and thus of the cytotoxic/suppressor subtype. T4-positive cells of the inducer/helper subtype were seen occasionally. T cells of both T4 and T8 subsets and mono/macs were also demonstrated in areas of eccentric intimal thickening in coronary arteries and in raised coronary lesions. In both the aortas and the coronary lesions the T cells and mono/macs were often closely associated with one another. This finding is of interest in view of the well-known cell-regulatory and cytotoxic potential of these cells. Extrapolating from findings in non- @entity0 primates, the authors suggest a potential role for mononuclear cells in @entity0 @entity2 .

title: T lymphocytes in aortic and coronary intimas. Their potential role in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is a much abused and expensive drug in intensive care units. One of the motivations for its use is the prevention of @entity3 by enhancing the @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Fear of @entity3 has led to the formation of a magic (arbitrary) @entity2 value varying from one intensive care unit to another. Many intensive care units start substituting @entity2 when it is below 25 g/l. The objective of this paper is to look at the rationale of this policy. Our results show that in intensive care @entity0 , with a variety of primary diagnoses, a poor correlation exists between @entity1 and serum @entity2 concentration (r = 0.56; p less than 0.001). To get an index of the colloid osmotic status of the I. C.- @entity0 measuring @entity2 concentration is useless and @entity1 should be measured instead. From 19 @entity0 with a @entity1 in the 15.0-20.0 mmHg range (corresponding @entity2 range: 12.0-25.0 g/l) and from 10 @entity0 with a @entity1 in the 11.6-15.0 mmHg range (corresponding @entity2 range 10.5-19.2 g/l) none developed @entity3 . It is questionable if expensive, scarce @entity2 is the drug of choice with which to increase @entity1 , for the mean increase (+/- SD) in @entity1 after infusion of 100 grams @entity2 is 2.2 (+/- 1.5) mmHg (p less than 0.001). Adopting a @entity1 action level of 15 mmHg can lead to considerable savings.

title: XXXX abuse in intensive care medicine.

answer: @entity2


abstract: One hundred and one @entity0 with @entity13 cytopenia were reviewed for morphological classification (using bone marrow, BM, imprints for cytology and Jamshidi biopsies for BM cellularity) and clinical course. Final diagnoses were: moderate @entity5 ( @entity12 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ). Ninety-two @entity0 received high dose @entity7 (TE) as first treatment (starting dose = 7-10 mg/week i.m. for at least three months). Median survival was significantly longer in @entity12 than in @entity6 and in @entity8 . Among @entity6 @entity0 , those with primary acquired sideroblastic (AISA) and @entity13 ( @entity13 ) @entity2 had median survival similar to those with @entity12 , but distinctly longer (p = 0.01) than @entity0 with @entity11 ( @entity11 ), @entity10 (CMMoL). @entity8 ( @entity8 ) developed more rarely (p less than 0.02) in @entity12 , AISA and @entity13 than in @entity11 , RAEBtr and CMMoL. Response to TE was seen in about two thirds of @entity12 and in a half of @entity6 and @entity8 @entity0 . Among @entity6 @entity0 , those with hypocellular BM developed @entity4 less frequently, responded to @entity9 more often and survived longer than those with normocellular and, especially, with hypercellular BM. These data indicate that the cytohistological classification of @entity3 identifies essentially two groups with different clinical behaviour, one ( @entity12 , AISA and @entity13 ) having long life expectancy and a low probability of developing @entity8 and the other ( @entity11 , RAEBtr, CMMoL) with a short survival and relatively frequent @entity4 . Bone @entity1 seems to be a favourable prognostic factor in @entity6 . @entity0 with @entity3 , especially those with a hypocellular BM, can be advantageously treated with @entity9 .

title: XXXX : clinical course according to bone marrow cytology and cellularity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Although visually evoked Mauthner cell (M-cell) @entity0 responses occur in the @entity2 , the afferent projections underlying these reactions have not been previously studied. We have recorded from the M-cell while stimulating the left optic nerve and/or right optic tectum and have traced projections of the optic nerve and restricted areas of the optic tectum using HRP histochemistry and autoradiography. Tectal stimulation elicits similar postsynaptic potentials (PSPs) in both M-cells. The responses recorded in the right (ipsilateral) cell were localized to its ventral dendrite. The existence of uncrossed tectal projections to the ventral dendrite was confirmed morphologically following application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to the optic tectum. The PSPs contained both inhibitory and excitatory components, but with adequate stimulus strength, excitation of either M-cell dominated. Thus, this pathway is probably sufficient to trigger visually evoked @entity0 responses mediated by the M-cell. Stimulation of the left optic nerve also evoked PSPs capable of bringing both M-cells to threshold. The blockage of this response by conditioning stimulation of the right tectum suggests that the visual information is relayed to the M-cells through this structure. In support of these findings, no label was found near any portion of the M-cell after either intraocular injection of tritiated @entity1 or application of HRP to the cut end of the optic nerve. In summary, visual input to the M-cell is mediated via projections from the tectum, is segregated onto the ventral dendrite, and is capable of bringing this neuron to threshold. This pathway presumably accounts for the demonstrated behavioral efficacy of visual stimuli in evoking a @entity0 response.

title: Localization of optic tectal input to the ventral dendrite of the XXXX Mauthner cell.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. The question of whether there is any interaction between the peripheral and central chemoreceptor contributions to ventilation in @entity0 has been addressed. 2. Subjects were exposed to an end-tidal PCO2 of ca. 10 Torr above resting for 8 min at an end-tidal @entity2 of 100 Torr. The end-tidal PCO2 was then reduced to near eucapnia. This provided a period of time when the PCO2 at the peripheral chemoreceptors would be near eucapnia, but would still be raised at the central chemoreceptors. 3. Against the background above, the effect of an @entity1 end-tidal step from a @entity2 of 100 Torr to a @entity2 of 50 Torr was studied, and compared with the effect of the same step when both sets of chemoreceptors were near eucapnia. 4. Three subjects were studied, each contributing twelve sets of data to each of the three protocols required for the comparisons. 5. In two of the three subjects, the ventilatory response to @entity1 was @entity3 was high. 6. The results support the idea that there is an interaction between the central and peripheral chemoreceptors in @entity0 . The consequences of this and other possible interpretations of the results are discussed.

title: Evidence for interaction between the contributions to ventilation from the central and peripheral chemoreceptors in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In order to evaluate the long-term-safety of UFT which contained tegafur [ @entity5 , @entity5 ] and @entity4 in molar ratio of 1:4, a nine-month chronic @entity0 study was performed in @entity2 . In doses of 9.7 (as @entity5 : 3 mg/kg), 16.2 (as @entity5 : 5 mg/kg) and 24.3 (as @entity5 :7.5 mg/kg) mg/kg, UFT was administered orally in both sexes of @entity2 once a day for 9 months and withdrawn for 1 month. Three control drugs, @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity3 , were also included in present experiment at doses of 7.5, 420.0 and 5.0 mg/kg, respectively. In this study, the two types of @entity1 and symptoms were observed in UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . The first type was the acute and/or dynamic signs and the other type was the chronic and/or static signs. Slight decrease in food consumption was observed in males at the dose levels of 24.3 mg/kg of UFT group and in both sexes of @entity3 group. In the ECG test, high T-wave was observed in some males treated with UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . Histopathologically, micro-vacuolizations were observed in various portions of the cerebrum in both survived and dead animals treated with UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . After one month recovery period, significant changes were not observed in various examinations, but morphological changes in the cerebrum had been remained. In conclusion, it seemed that the maximum safety dose of UFT in @entity2 were the 9.7 mg/kg for males and less than 9.7 mg/kg for females.

title: A nine-month chronic @entity0 study of tegafur- XXXX mixture (UFT) in @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In order to evaluate the long-term-safety of UFT which contained tegafur [ @entity5 , @entity5 ] and @entity4 in molar ratio of 1:4, a nine-month chronic @entity0 study was performed in @entity2 . In doses of 9.7 (as @entity5 : 3 mg/kg), 16.2 (as @entity5 : 5 mg/kg) and 24.3 (as @entity5 :7.5 mg/kg) mg/kg, UFT was administered orally in both sexes of @entity2 once a day for 9 months and withdrawn for 1 month. Three control drugs, @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity3 , were also included in present experiment at doses of 7.5, 420.0 and 5.0 mg/kg, respectively. In this study, the two types of @entity1 and symptoms were observed in UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . The first type was the acute and/or dynamic signs and the other type was the chronic and/or static signs. Slight decrease in food consumption was observed in males at the dose levels of 24.3 mg/kg of UFT group and in both sexes of @entity3 group. In the ECG test, high T-wave was observed in some males treated with UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . Histopathologically, micro-vacuolizations were observed in various portions of the cerebrum in both survived and dead animals treated with UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . After one month recovery period, significant changes were not observed in various examinations, but morphological changes in the cerebrum had been remained. In conclusion, it seemed that the maximum safety dose of UFT in @entity2 were the 9.7 mg/kg for males and less than 9.7 mg/kg for females.

title: A nine-month chronic XXXX study of tegafur- @entity4 mixture (UFT) in @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In order to evaluate the long-term-safety of UFT which contained tegafur [ @entity5 , @entity5 ] and @entity4 in molar ratio of 1:4, a nine-month chronic @entity0 study was performed in @entity2 . In doses of 9.7 (as @entity5 : 3 mg/kg), 16.2 (as @entity5 : 5 mg/kg) and 24.3 (as @entity5 :7.5 mg/kg) mg/kg, UFT was administered orally in both sexes of @entity2 once a day for 9 months and withdrawn for 1 month. Three control drugs, @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity3 , were also included in present experiment at doses of 7.5, 420.0 and 5.0 mg/kg, respectively. In this study, the two types of @entity1 and symptoms were observed in UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . The first type was the acute and/or dynamic signs and the other type was the chronic and/or static signs. Slight decrease in food consumption was observed in males at the dose levels of 24.3 mg/kg of UFT group and in both sexes of @entity3 group. In the ECG test, high T-wave was observed in some males treated with UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . Histopathologically, micro-vacuolizations were observed in various portions of the cerebrum in both survived and dead animals treated with UFT, @entity5 and @entity3 . After one month recovery period, significant changes were not observed in various examinations, but morphological changes in the cerebrum had been remained. In conclusion, it seemed that the maximum safety dose of UFT in @entity2 were the 9.7 mg/kg for males and less than 9.7 mg/kg for females.

title: A nine-month chronic @entity0 study of tegafur- @entity4 mixture (UFT) in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The systemic form of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD), also known as @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was initially detected in the early 1990s. Starting in 2004, the Canadian @entity0 industry experienced considerable losses due to PCVAD, concurrent with a shift in genotype of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Objectives of the current study were to explore spatial characteristics of self-reported PCVAD distribution in Ontario between 2004 and 2008, and to investigate the existence and nature of local spread. RESULTS: The study included 278 @entity0 herds from a large disease-monitoring project that included @entity3 ( @entity3 ) virus-positive herds identified by the diagnostic laboratory, and @entity3 virus-negative herds directly from the target population. Herds were included if they had growing @entity0 present on-site and available geographical coordinates for the sampling site. Furthermore, herds were defined as PCVAD-positive if a producer reported an outbreak of circovirus associated disease, or as PCVAD-negative if no outbreak was noted. Spatial trend was investigated using generalized additive models and time to PCVAD outbreak in a herd using Cox's proportional hazard model; spatial and spatio-temporal clustering was explored using K-functions; and location of most likely spatial and spatio-temporal clusters was investigated using scan statistics. Over the study period, the risk of reporting a PCVAD-positive herd tended to be higher in the eastern part of the province after adjustment for herd @entity3 status (P = 0.05). This was partly confirmed for spread (Partial P < 0.01). Local spread also appeared to exist, as suggested by the tentative (P = 0.06) existence of spatio-temporal clustering of PCVAD and detection of a spatio-temporal cluster (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: In Ontario, PCVAD has shown a general trend, spreading from east-to-west. We interpret the existence of spatio-temporal clustering as evidence of spatio-temporal aggregation of PCVAD-positive cases above expectations and, together with the existence of spatio-temporal and spatial clusters, as suggestive of apparent local spread of PCVAD. Clustering was detected at small spatial and temporal scales. Other patterns of spread could not be detected; however, survival rates in discrete Ontario zones, as well as a lack of a clear spatial pattern in the most likely spatio-temporal clusters, suggest other between-herd transmission mechanisms.

title: Spread of porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD) in Ontario (Canada) XXXX herds: Part I. Exploratory spatial analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: For the direct laryngoscopy and microscopic examination of the larynx with exploratory excision and pulpectomy using low frequency jet-ventilation with 100% @entity1 we used total intravenous anaesthesia with a strong acting opioid and a barbiturate. Because the achievement of sufficient reflexes and a high degree of vigilance postoperatively are to be aimed, @entity5 (M) and @entity6 (T) were investigated in the regard of the suppression of vigilance in the postoperative period. 40 @entity0 were randomly assigned to the group M (n = 20) or T (n = 20). The evening before operation, an intelligence test and a syndrome-short-test (SST) were performed for the measurement of attention and memory (functional @entity3 ). The @entity0 received 2 mg Flunitrazepam orally and transdermal @entity7 . On the day of operation the @entity0 received 1 mg Lormetazepam orally for premedication. Anaesthesia was induced with 2 mg @entity8 , 1 mg @entity2 , 1.4 mg/kg bodyweight M respectively 5 mg/kg bodyweight T and 1.4 mg/kg bodyweight @entity4 . Immediately before laryngoscopy the @entity0 received 2-4 mg @entity2 . Muscle relaxation was achieved by an infusion with @entity4 using relaxometry. @entity5 respectively @entity6 were administered by infusion depending on clinical signs indicating insufficient anaesthesia. The following parameters were measured: Blood pressure, heart rate, duration of operation and anaesthesia, parameters of vigilance 30, 60 and 120 minutes after operation (SST) and the ability of performance. The groups were comparable with respect to all data except the parameters of vigilance. The @entity0 receiving M were significantly more vigilant 30 min., 60 min. (SST) and 120 min (SST) after the end of anaesthesia than @entity0 receiving T (p = 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Methohexital/ XXXX -thiopental/ @entity2 for total intravenous anesthesia for direct laryngoscopy with 100% O2 jet ventilation].

answer: @entity2


abstract: For the direct laryngoscopy and microscopic examination of the larynx with exploratory excision and pulpectomy using low frequency jet-ventilation with 100% @entity1 we used total intravenous anaesthesia with a strong acting opioid and a barbiturate. Because the achievement of sufficient reflexes and a high degree of vigilance postoperatively are to be aimed, @entity5 (M) and @entity6 (T) were investigated in the regard of the suppression of vigilance in the postoperative period. 40 @entity0 were randomly assigned to the group M (n = 20) or T (n = 20). The evening before operation, an intelligence test and a syndrome-short-test (SST) were performed for the measurement of attention and memory (functional @entity3 ). The @entity0 received 2 mg Flunitrazepam orally and transdermal @entity7 . On the day of operation the @entity0 received 1 mg Lormetazepam orally for premedication. Anaesthesia was induced with 2 mg @entity8 , 1 mg @entity2 , 1.4 mg/kg bodyweight M respectively 5 mg/kg bodyweight T and 1.4 mg/kg bodyweight @entity4 . Immediately before laryngoscopy the @entity0 received 2-4 mg @entity2 . Muscle relaxation was achieved by an infusion with @entity4 using relaxometry. @entity5 respectively @entity6 were administered by infusion depending on clinical signs indicating insufficient anaesthesia. The following parameters were measured: Blood pressure, heart rate, duration of operation and anaesthesia, parameters of vigilance 30, 60 and 120 minutes after operation (SST) and the ability of performance. The groups were comparable with respect to all data except the parameters of vigilance. The @entity0 receiving M were significantly more vigilant 30 min., 60 min. (SST) and 120 min (SST) after the end of anaesthesia than @entity0 receiving T (p = 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Methohexital/ @entity2 -thiopental/ XXXX for total intravenous anesthesia for direct laryngoscopy with 100% O2 jet ventilation].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether treatment of @entity3 with scaling and root planing during pregnancy is associated with a reduction in the @entity1 rate. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES: Cochrane Central Trials Registry, ISI Web of Science, Medline, and reference lists of relevant studies to July 2010; hand searches in key journals. STUDY SELECTION: Randomised controlled trials including pregnant @entity0 with @entity3 randomised to either treatment with scaling and root planing or no treatment. DATA EXTRACTION: Data were extracted by two independent investigators, and a consensus was reached with the involvement a third. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed with the Cochrane's risk of bias tool, and trials were considered either high or low quality. The primary outcome was @entity1 (<37 weeks). Secondary outcomes were low birthweight @entity0 (<2500 g), @entity2 , and overall adverse pregnancy outcome ( @entity1 <37 weeks and @entity2 ). RESULTS: 11 trials (with 6558 @entity0 ) were included. Five trials were considered to be of high methodological quality (low risk of bias), whereas the rest were low quality (high or unclear risk of bias). Results among low and high quality trials were consistently diverse; low quality trials supported a beneficial effect of treatment, and high quality trials provided clear evidence that no such effect exists. Among high quality studies, treatment had no significant effect on the overall rate of @entity1 (odds ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval 0.95 to 1.40; P=0.15). Furthermore, treatment did not reduce the rate of low birthweight @entity0 (odds ratio 1.07, 0.85 to 1.36; P=0.55), @entity2 (0.79, 0.51 to 1.22; P=0.28), or overall adverse pregnancy outcome (preterm births <37 weeks and @entity2 ) (1.09, 0.91 to 1.30; P=0.34). CONCLUSION: Treatment of @entity3 with scaling and root planing cannot be considered to be an efficient way of reducing the incidence of @entity1 . @entity0 may be advised to have periodical dental examinations during pregnancy to test their dental status and may have treatment for @entity3 . However, they should be told that such treatment during pregnancy is unlikely to reduce the risk of @entity1 or low birthweight @entity0 .

title: Obstetric outcomes after treatment of XXXX during pregnancy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP) screened 283,222 U.S. @entity1 for @entity0 by use of mammography and breast palpation. A sample of @entity1 was followed up to determine the subsequent occurrence of @entity0 cases and @entity2 . We have used information from the BCDDP to evaluate the relation of mammographic parenchymal features to the incidence of and mortality from @entity0 , and to examine changes in this relation with duration of follow-up. We also reevaluated the relations of age, body weight, height, menopause, parity, and age at birth of first @entity1 to mammographic features of breast tissue. Among @entity1 35-49 years of age at entry, those whose mammographic features were "glandular" or "homogeneously dense" had a 2.8-fold increase in risk of @entity0 compared to @entity1 whose mammographic features were " @entity3 ". The increased risk was observed up to 9 years after entry. Among @entity1 50-74 years of age at entry, the risk of @entity0 was elevated by a factor of 1.7 for @entity1 with glandular or dense breast parenchyma compared to those with @entity0 . The increase in risk, however, diminished with increasing follow-up. The percentage of @entity1 with glandular or dense parenchymal features decreased as age, body weight, and parity increased. The percentage with glandular or dense features increased as height increased, and the percentage decreased with menopause. Mammographic parenchymal features were not associated with age at birth of first @entity1 .

title: Mammographic parenchymal features and @entity0 in the XXXX detection demonstration project.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP) screened 283,222 U.S. @entity1 for @entity0 by use of mammography and breast palpation. A sample of @entity1 was followed up to determine the subsequent occurrence of @entity0 cases and @entity2 . We have used information from the BCDDP to evaluate the relation of mammographic parenchymal features to the incidence of and mortality from @entity0 , and to examine changes in this relation with duration of follow-up. We also reevaluated the relations of age, body weight, height, menopause, parity, and age at birth of first @entity1 to mammographic features of breast tissue. Among @entity1 35-49 years of age at entry, those whose mammographic features were "glandular" or "homogeneously dense" had a 2.8-fold increase in risk of @entity0 compared to @entity1 whose mammographic features were " @entity3 ". The increased risk was observed up to 9 years after entry. Among @entity1 50-74 years of age at entry, the risk of @entity0 was elevated by a factor of 1.7 for @entity1 with glandular or dense breast parenchyma compared to those with @entity0 . The increase in risk, however, diminished with increasing follow-up. The percentage of @entity1 with glandular or dense parenchymal features decreased as age, body weight, and parity increased. The percentage with glandular or dense features increased as height increased, and the percentage decreased with menopause. Mammographic parenchymal features were not associated with age at birth of first @entity1 .

title: Mammographic parenchymal features and XXXX in the @entity0 detection demonstration project.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity1 sequence of a 2065 base pair HindIII fragment, containing a gene (lambda hor1-14) belonging to the Hor1 locus in @entity9 , has been determined. The fragment consists of 1044 bp of coding region interrupted by an amber codon at base 481, a 5' non-coding region of 428 bp and a 3' non-coding region with 593 bp. The deduced @entity2 sequence of the mature protein (327 @entity7 ) is characterized by an octapeptide motif PQQPFPQQ which is repeated throughout the peptide chain between a unique 12 @entity2 long @entity10 -terminal and an equally unique 10 @entity2 long @entity5 -terminal end. The @entity6 + @entity4 content is 62% and the next three most abundant @entity7 are @entity0 (9%), @entity3 (8%) and @entity11 (3%). In the 5' non-coding region there is a TATA box at -98 bp from the start @entity8 . The 3' non-coding region has a polyadenylation signal 76 bp downstream from the TAA stop codon. The deduced @entity2 sequences of the @entity10 - and @entity5 -terminals of lambda hor1-14 are very similar but not identical to those known from the Edman degradation and carboxypeptidase Y analysis of C-hordein polypeptides. The 3' coding and non-coding region of lambda hor1-14 is closely similar but different in detail to the known C-hordein cDNA clones. One polyadenylation signal is found in lambda hor1-14 whereas two are present in each of the three known C-hordein cDNAs. These differences and the amber codon interrupting the open reading frame indicate that this gene is silent.

title: Primary structure of a C-hordein gene from XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) is an important mosquito defense mechanism against @entity4 . In this paper we study the processes underlying antiviral RNAi in @entity0 -derived U4.4 mosquito cells infected with @entity1 ( @entity2 ) (Togaviridae; Alphavirus). The production of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (viRNAs) from viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a key event in this host response. dsRNA could be formed by RNA replication intermediates, by secondary structures in RNA genomes or antigenomes, or by both. Which of these dsRNAs is the substrate for the generation of viRNAs is a fundamental question. Here we used deep sequencing of viRNAs and bioinformatic analysis of RNA secondary structures to gain insights into the characteristics and origins of viRNAs. An asymmetric distribution of @entity2 -derived viRNAs with notable areas of high-level viRNA production (hot spots) and no or a low frequency of viRNA production (cold spots) along the length of the viral genome with a slight bias toward the production of genome-derived viRNAs over antigenome-derived viRNAs was observed. Bioinformatic analysis suggests that hot spots of viRNA production are rarely but not generally associated with putative secondary structures in the @entity2 genome, suggesting that most viRNAs are derived from replicative dsRNA. A pattern of viRNAs almost identical to those of A. albopictus cells was observed for @entity3 -derived Aag2 cells, suggesting common mechanisms that lead to viRNA production. Hot-spot viRNAs were found to be significantly less efficient at mediating antiviral RNAi than cold-spot viRNAs, pointing toward a nucleic acid-based viral decoy mechanism to evade the RNAi response.

title: Antiviral RNA interference responses induced by XXXX infection of mosquito cells: characterization, origin, and frequency-dependent functions of virus-derived small interfering RNAs.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The activities of @entity2 : @entity4 lyase (ACL; EC 4. 1. 3. 8), @entity6 acetyltransferase (CAT; EC 2. 3. 1. 7), @entity3 +-dependent @entity7 dehydrogenase (ICDH; EC 1. 1. 1. 42), @entity8 ( @entity8 ; EC 4. 1. 3. 1) and malic enzyme ( @entity5 dehydrogenase; EC 1. 1. 1. 40) were measured in four oleaginous @entity0 , Candida curvata D, Trichosporon cutaneum and two strains of Rhodosporidium toruloides, grown either to accumulate lipid, or to utilize their own lipid reserves or an exogenous supply of lipid. During lipid utilization, activities of ACL and malic enzyme diminished to low levels; CAT and @entity8 increased considerably in activity and ICDH activity was slightly increased but catalase (EC 1. 11. 1. 6) diminished in activity in both strains of R. toruloides. In all cases, @entity0 utilizing exogenous lipid showed greater changes in enzyme activities than cells utilizing their endogenous reserves. Electron micrographs of Candida curvata D showed proliferation of peroxisomes in starved cells utilizing their own lipid reserve though peroxisomes were more in evidence when the @entity0 had been grown on exogenous lipid. In Lipomyces starkeyi, which shows only minimal utilization of its stored lipid and furthermore cannot grow on exogenous lipid, only the occasional peroxisome was seen when cells were starved of @entity1 .

title: Enzyme activities in oleaginous XXXX accumulating and utilizing exogenous or endogenous lipids.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Intraluminal manometry is a tool commonly used to record motility in the @entity0 digestive tract. The recorded signal results from a combination of factors, including the hydrodynamic pressure transmitted through the intestinal contents due to contraction of the gut wall and the force of the gut wall acting on the sensors in regions of a luminal occlusion. However, the actual relationships between small bowel wall contraction, the measured intraluminal pressure, and the resultant flow have not been directly addressed. Video recording and high-resolution fiber-optic manometry were used to create spatiotemporal video maps of diameter and intraluminal pressure from isolated segments of @entity1 small intestine. In the unstimulated gut, @entity2 were the only detectable motor pattern; circular muscle contractions were elicited by distension or @entity3 (1  M). @entity2 were not lumen-occlusive, although they caused measurable low-amplitude changes in pressure. Localized nonpropagating circular muscle contractions caused small localized, nonpropagating peaks of intraluminal pressure. Propagating contractions of circular muscle evoked larger, propagating pressure changes that were associated with outflow. Propagating circular muscle contractions often caused dilation of aboral receiving segments, corresponding to "common cavities"; these were propulsive, despite their low intraluminal pressure. The highest-amplitude pressure events were caused by lumen-occlusive circular muscle contractions that squeezed directly against the catheter. These data allow us to define the complex relationships between wall motion, intraluminal pressure, and flow. A strong correlation between circular and longitudinal muscle contraction and intraluminal pressure was demonstrated. Common-cavity pressure events, caused by propulsion of content by circular muscle contractions into a receptive segment, were often of low amplitude but were highly propulsive. Studies of wall motion in isolated preparations, combined with manometry, can assist in interpretation of pressure recordings in vivo.

title: Temporal relationships between wall motion, intraluminal pressure, and flow in the isolated XXXX small intestine.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The long-term outcome in @entity7 complex is poorly understood. Traditional neurosurgical outcome measures are crude. Neuropsychological testing is increasingly important in outcome assessment. We investigated the health, disability, lifestyle and cognitive function in adults who had myelomeningocoele closure at birth. METHODS: Adult @entity0 under routine follow-up were assessed in a joint neurosurgery/neuropsychology clinic. @entity0 completed lifestyle questionnaires, the @entity6 outcome questionnaire (HOQ) and underwent cognitive testing. Clinical variables including number of shunt revisions, @entity4 and surgical decompression of foramen magnum, which may influence outcome, were investigated. RESULTS: Twenty-one adults with a median age of 35 years were investigated. All had treated @entity6 , and eight had foramen magnum decompression for @entity1 or progressive @entity5 with stabilisation of symptoms in seven and improvement in one. Only eight @entity0 were living independently, five were in paid employment and five work voluntarily. HOQ scores for cognitive function were lower (0.56    0.20; mean    standard deviation (SD)) than those for physical (0.64    0.15) and @entity8 . Cognitive function varied across the cohort with attention most severely affected (73.9    17.0; mean    SD). Repeated episodes of @entity9 or foramen magnum decompression were not associated with a worse cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: Despite intervention in childhood and adequate cerebrospinal fluid diversion the prognosis for independent living into adulthood remains poor. All @entity0 have elements of @entity2 . @entity3 may be more important determinants of cognitive outcome than @entity9 .

title: Cognitive and functional outcome in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a re-laparoscopic approach to manage @entity2 after minimally invasive colorectal resection and to compare its clinical outcomes with those obtained using an open approach. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data from 1714 @entity0 who underwent @entity1 resection from September 2006 to August 2009 at the Korea University Medical Center. Clinical data from a total of 57 surgery @entity0 who developed @entity2 were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-six leakage cases were managed laparoscopically, whereas the remaining 31 leakage cases were managed using an open approach. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or other clinical features between @entity0 in the two groups. The total operation time was shorter in the laparoscopic group (107.3        68.1 minutes) than in the open group (126.5        50.1 minutes), but this difference was not statistically significant (P   =   .230). Six cases in each group required additional procedures such as reoperation or percutaneous intervention (P   =   .126). There was one case of postoperative mortality in the open group. Median (quartiles 25%-75%) number of days required to resume a soft diet tended to be shorter in the laparoscopic group than the open group (5 [3-7] versus 6 [5-10] days; P   =   .057). @entity0 in both groups showed similar postoperative complications including intraabdominal abscess; however, the incidence of @entity3 was significantly lower in the laparoscopic group than the open group (3.8% versus 25.8%; P   =   .031). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with conventional open treatment of @entity2 , the laparoscopic approach resulted in fewer wound complications and tendency of early recovery of bowel movement without an increase in adverse outcomes. Using a laparoscopic approach, all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery can be realized in @entity0 who develop @entity2 after minimally invasive surgery.

title: The role of laparoscopic approach for XXXX after minimally invasive surgery for @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a re-laparoscopic approach to manage @entity2 after minimally invasive colorectal resection and to compare its clinical outcomes with those obtained using an open approach. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data from 1714 @entity0 who underwent @entity1 resection from September 2006 to August 2009 at the Korea University Medical Center. Clinical data from a total of 57 surgery @entity0 who developed @entity2 were analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-six leakage cases were managed laparoscopically, whereas the remaining 31 leakage cases were managed using an open approach. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or other clinical features between @entity0 in the two groups. The total operation time was shorter in the laparoscopic group (107.3        68.1 minutes) than in the open group (126.5        50.1 minutes), but this difference was not statistically significant (P   =   .230). Six cases in each group required additional procedures such as reoperation or percutaneous intervention (P   =   .126). There was one case of postoperative mortality in the open group. Median (quartiles 25%-75%) number of days required to resume a soft diet tended to be shorter in the laparoscopic group than the open group (5 [3-7] versus 6 [5-10] days; P   =   .057). @entity0 in both groups showed similar postoperative complications including intraabdominal abscess; however, the incidence of @entity3 was significantly lower in the laparoscopic group than the open group (3.8% versus 25.8%; P   =   .031). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with conventional open treatment of @entity2 , the laparoscopic approach resulted in fewer wound complications and tendency of early recovery of bowel movement without an increase in adverse outcomes. Using a laparoscopic approach, all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery can be realized in @entity0 who develop @entity2 after minimally invasive surgery.

title: The role of laparoscopic approach for @entity2 after minimally invasive surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: With the correct selection of drug and @entity0 , the @entity7 antagonists as a group can be remarkably effective at relatively low cost of serious side effects. Almost all side effects are dose related. Minor side effects include those caused by vasodilation (flushing and @entity2 ), @entity11 ( @entity12 ), and ankle @entity1 . Serious side effects are rare and result from improper use of these agents, as when intravenous @entity12 (or @entity13 ) is given to @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity6 from @entity4 , or @entity9 to @entity0 with @entity8 . The potential of a marked negative inotropic effect is usually offset by afterload reduction, especially in the case of @entity9 which actually has the most marked negative inotropic effect. Yet caution is required when even @entity7 antagonists, especially @entity12 , are given to @entity0 with @entity10 unless caused by @entity5 . Drug interactions of @entity7 antagonists occur with other cardiovascular agents such as alpha-adrenergic blockers, beta-adrenergic blockers, digoxin, @entity14 , and @entity15 . The most marked interaction with digoxin is that with @entity12 , which may raise digoxin levels by over 50%. Combination therapy of @entity7 antagonists with beta-blockers is increasingly common, and is probably safest in the case of @entity16 . Other combinations being explored are those with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and diuretics.

title: XXXX channel antagonists. Part IV: Side effects and contraindications drug interactions and combinations.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Advances in deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapeutics for neurological and @entity1 represent a new clinical avenue that may potentially augment or adjunct traditional pharmacological approaches to disease treatment. Using modern molecular biology and genomics, pharmacological development proceeds through an albeit lengthy and expensive pipeline from candidate compound to preclinical and clinical trials. Such a pathway, however, is lacking in the field of neurostimulation, with developments arising from a selection of early sources and motivated by diverse fields including surgery and neuroscience. In this chapter, I propose that biophysical models of connected brain networks optimized using empirical neuroimaging data from @entity0 and healthy controls can provide a principled computational pipeline for testing and developing neurostimulation interventions. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) provides such a computational framework, serving as a method to test effective connectivity between and within regions of an active brain network. Importantly, the methodology links brain dynamics with behavior by directly assessing experimental task effects under different behavioral or cognitive sets. Therefore, healthy brain dynamics in circuits of interest can be defined mathematically with stimulation interventions in pathological counterparts simulated with the goal of restoring normal functionality. In this chapter, I outline the dynamic characterization of brain circuits using @entity4 and propose a blueprint for testing in silico, the effects of stimulation in @entity2 affecting cognition. In particular, the models can be simulated to test whether neuroimaging correlates of nondiseased brain dynamics can be reinstantiated in a pathological setting using DBS. Thus, the key advantage of this framework is that distributed effects of DBS on neural circuitry and network connectivity can be predicted in silico. The chapter also includes a review of how @entity4 has been used to characterize the effects of DBS in @entity3 .

title: Deep brain stimulation for XXXX : A computational blueprint using dynamic causal modeling.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Increasingly longer @entity3 times during coronary angioplasty can create significant left @entity1 , amelioration of which was attempted in this study using @entity5 . Hemodynamic variables were assessed during inflation of an angioplasty balloon in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery of 10 @entity0 . Regional wall motion was assessed by left ventriculography during a @entity3 . @entity5 (200 micrograms) was then administered intravenously, and hemodynamic and ventriculographic assessments during balloon inflations were repeated. Balloon inflation resulted in a marked increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (from 9.2 +/- 2.1 to 19.4 +/- 2.9 mm Hg) and time constant of left ventricular relaxation (from 44.2 +/- 6.2 to 62.3 +/- 11.3 ms) and a decrease in distal coronary artery perfusion pressure (from 54 +/- 9 to 33.1 +/- 4 mm Hg). Time to onset of angina was 29 +/- 3 seconds and time to @entity2 of 1 mm or greater was 30 +/- 3 seconds. Regional wall motion analysis 30 seconds after onset of @entity3 revealed marked @entity6 and @entity4 in the anteroapical segments with graduated depression of inferior wall motion, greatest at the apex. After the administration of @entity5 , @entity3 resulted in a smaller increase in end-diastolic pressure (from 5.0 +/- 2.7 to 8.3 +/- 2.6 mm Hg) and time constant (from 47.9 +/- 4.7 to 54.4 +/- 9.2 ms; both p less than 0.01 versus @entity3 ). Distal coronary artery pressure remained similar to @entity3 (32 +/- 3 mm Hg) despite lower mean arterial pressure (89 +/- 5 mm Hg, p less than or equal to 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Amelioration by XXXX of left @entity1 induced by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: assessment by hemodynamic variables and left ventriculography.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Increasingly longer @entity3 times during coronary angioplasty can create significant left @entity1 , amelioration of which was attempted in this study using @entity5 . Hemodynamic variables were assessed during inflation of an angioplasty balloon in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery of 10 @entity0 . Regional wall motion was assessed by left ventriculography during a @entity3 . @entity5 (200 micrograms) was then administered intravenously, and hemodynamic and ventriculographic assessments during balloon inflations were repeated. Balloon inflation resulted in a marked increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (from 9.2 +/- 2.1 to 19.4 +/- 2.9 mm Hg) and time constant of left ventricular relaxation (from 44.2 +/- 6.2 to 62.3 +/- 11.3 ms) and a decrease in distal coronary artery perfusion pressure (from 54 +/- 9 to 33.1 +/- 4 mm Hg). Time to onset of angina was 29 +/- 3 seconds and time to @entity2 of 1 mm or greater was 30 +/- 3 seconds. Regional wall motion analysis 30 seconds after onset of @entity3 revealed marked @entity6 and @entity4 in the anteroapical segments with graduated depression of inferior wall motion, greatest at the apex. After the administration of @entity5 , @entity3 resulted in a smaller increase in end-diastolic pressure (from 5.0 +/- 2.7 to 8.3 +/- 2.6 mm Hg) and time constant (from 47.9 +/- 4.7 to 54.4 +/- 9.2 ms; both p less than 0.01 versus @entity3 ). Distal coronary artery pressure remained similar to @entity3 (32 +/- 3 mm Hg) despite lower mean arterial pressure (89 +/- 5 mm Hg, p less than or equal to 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Amelioration by @entity5 of left XXXX induced by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: assessment by hemodynamic variables and left ventriculography.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Inotropic responses to @entity5 of hypertrophied hearts have been shown to be decreased. We have previously reported that in 13-week-old spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 (SHR) this decrease is probably due to decreased beta-adrenergic receptor number, while in hearts from two kidney-one clip renal @entity1 @entity0 (2K-1C RHR), this is due to a decreased @entity2 regulatory protein activity. We now show that changes in 2K-1C RHR are time dependent. One week after instituting development of @entity1 the heart is already hypertrophied. Biochemical changes consistent with decreased glucagon receptors are seen, as well as beginning changes consistent with decreases in the @entity2 regulatory protein activity. By two weeks this is more evident. @entity3 and biochemical changes can be reversed up to six weeks, but by ten weeks the activity of the catalytic subunit of the adenylate cyclase system is decreased. In 1K-1C RHR, biochemical changes in the cyclase system are accelerated as compared with the 2K-1C model. In SHR, changes in 24-week-old @entity0 are the same as in the 13-week-old @entity0 . It is concluded that in @entity4 associated with different models of @entity1 the decreased inotropic responsiveness to @entity5 is associated with different biochemical defects in the beta-adrenergic receptor response coupling pathway, and that reversal in function occurs only when there is no apparent change in the catalytic subunit of the adenylate cyclase complex.

title: Adenylate cyclase activity during development and reversal of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 occurs in 50% of @entity0 aged > 40 years and is the most common reason for anorectal surgery. @entity1 is the main complication. Multiple topical and systemic drugs have been investigated for @entity1 control, but there is no ideal treatment. @entity3 has been shown to decrease @entity2 but is not used widely. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of oral @entity3 versus placebo and to assess @entity2 following hemorrhoidectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Controlled clinical trial in adult @entity0 who underwent elective hemorrhoidectomy for grade III/IV @entity4 . @entity0 were assigned to receive @entity3 (500 mg q8 h orally; study group, SG) or placebo (control group, CG) for 7 days after surgery. @entity1 was assessed using a visual analog scale after surgery. Analgesic administration (time and use of analgesics) and resumption of daily life activities were also assessed. RESULTS: Forty-four @entity0 were included, 22 in each group. @entity2 differed significantly between the SG and CG at 6 h (3.86    0.56, 6.64    1.49), 12 h (5.59    1.33, 8.82    0.79), 24 h (6.86    1.49, 9.73    0.45), day 4 (5.32    2.10, 9.50    0.59), day 7 (3.14    1.03, 7.36    1.39), and day 14 (2.14    0.46, 5.45    1.29). The first analgesia dose was required at 21.27    5.47 h in the CG and 7.09    2.36 h in the SG (p < 0.05), the time of analgesic use was 6.86    1.61 days in the CG and 13.09    2.48 days in the SG (p < 0.05), and resumption of daily activities occurred at 7.59    1.56 days in the CG and 14.73    3.76 days in the SG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Oral administration of @entity3 is effective in @entity1 management after hemorrhoidectomy.

title: Efficacy of @entity3 versus placebo in XXXX control after hemorrhoidectomy. Results of a controlled clinical trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 occurs in 50% of @entity0 aged > 40 years and is the most common reason for anorectal surgery. @entity1 is the main complication. Multiple topical and systemic drugs have been investigated for @entity1 control, but there is no ideal treatment. @entity3 has been shown to decrease @entity2 but is not used widely. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of oral @entity3 versus placebo and to assess @entity2 following hemorrhoidectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Controlled clinical trial in adult @entity0 who underwent elective hemorrhoidectomy for grade III/IV @entity4 . @entity0 were assigned to receive @entity3 (500 mg q8 h orally; study group, SG) or placebo (control group, CG) for 7 days after surgery. @entity1 was assessed using a visual analog scale after surgery. Analgesic administration (time and use of analgesics) and resumption of daily life activities were also assessed. RESULTS: Forty-four @entity0 were included, 22 in each group. @entity2 differed significantly between the SG and CG at 6 h (3.86    0.56, 6.64    1.49), 12 h (5.59    1.33, 8.82    0.79), 24 h (6.86    1.49, 9.73    0.45), day 4 (5.32    2.10, 9.50    0.59), day 7 (3.14    1.03, 7.36    1.39), and day 14 (2.14    0.46, 5.45    1.29). The first analgesia dose was required at 21.27    5.47 h in the CG and 7.09    2.36 h in the SG (p < 0.05), the time of analgesic use was 6.86    1.61 days in the CG and 13.09    2.48 days in the SG (p < 0.05), and resumption of daily activities occurred at 7.59    1.56 days in the CG and 14.73    3.76 days in the SG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Oral administration of @entity3 is effective in @entity1 management after hemorrhoidectomy.

title: Efficacy of XXXX versus placebo in @entity1 control after hemorrhoidectomy. Results of a controlled clinical trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contradictory results on the interaction between nutritional status and @entity1 warrants further investigation in various epidemiological settings, to assert the antagonistic or synergistic relationship. This study examines the prevalence, severity and predictors of @entity3 and its influence on @entity1 and @entity2 severity in @entity0 in the Mount Cameroon area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 454 @entity0    <=   14  years was carried out from February to May 2013 in Muea community. Anthropometric measures of @entity3 (z-scores   <   -2 standard deviations below mean) were obtained and spleen size assessed. The prevalence and density of @entity1 parasites were determined and haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell count obtained using an automated haematology analyzer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate influence of @entity3 on @entity2 , @entity1 and predictors respectively. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity3 was 22.8  %, with stunting being the most common form (17.1  %), followed by underweight (8.2  %) and @entity4 (5.5  %). Stunting was significantly higher (P   <   0.01) in males (23.1  %) than in females (11.9  %). The prevalence of @entity3 was significantly highest (P   =   0.03) in @entity0  <=5  years old (29.5  %) than their counterparts. Severe stunting, @entity4 and underweight were prevalent in 4.9  %, 1.6  % and 1.8  % of the @entity0 respectively. Clinical @entity1 was significantly higher (P   =   0.01) in @entity0 who were stunted (16.9  %) and underweight (21.6  %) than their normal counterparts (7.5  %; 8.2  % respectively). The model demonstrated sex (P   =   0.006) and age group 1.1-3 years (P   =   0.03) as significant predictors of @entity3 . In @entity0 who were @entity1 parasite negative, the prevalence of @entity2 as well as severities were significantly higher (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.001 respectively) in those malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of stunting in the community significantly augmented the prevalence and clinical presentation of Plasmodium infection. @entity3 enhanced the severity of @entity2 in @entity1 parasite negative @entity0 hence, their health and growth potential needs to be improved upon.

title: Nutritional status of @entity0 in a XXXX meso endemic area: cross sectional study on prevalence, intensity, predictors, influence on @entity1 and @entity2 severity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contradictory results on the interaction between nutritional status and @entity1 warrants further investigation in various epidemiological settings, to assert the antagonistic or synergistic relationship. This study examines the prevalence, severity and predictors of @entity3 and its influence on @entity1 and @entity2 severity in @entity0 in the Mount Cameroon area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 454 @entity0    <=   14  years was carried out from February to May 2013 in Muea community. Anthropometric measures of @entity3 (z-scores   <   -2 standard deviations below mean) were obtained and spleen size assessed. The prevalence and density of @entity1 parasites were determined and haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell count obtained using an automated haematology analyzer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate influence of @entity3 on @entity2 , @entity1 and predictors respectively. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity3 was 22.8  %, with stunting being the most common form (17.1  %), followed by underweight (8.2  %) and @entity4 (5.5  %). Stunting was significantly higher (P   <   0.01) in males (23.1  %) than in females (11.9  %). The prevalence of @entity3 was significantly highest (P   =   0.03) in @entity0  <=5  years old (29.5  %) than their counterparts. Severe stunting, @entity4 and underweight were prevalent in 4.9  %, 1.6  % and 1.8  % of the @entity0 respectively. Clinical @entity1 was significantly higher (P   =   0.01) in @entity0 who were stunted (16.9  %) and underweight (21.6  %) than their normal counterparts (7.5  %; 8.2  % respectively). The model demonstrated sex (P   =   0.006) and age group 1.1-3 years (P   =   0.03) as significant predictors of @entity3 . In @entity0 who were @entity1 parasite negative, the prevalence of @entity2 as well as severities were significantly higher (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.001 respectively) in those malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of stunting in the community significantly augmented the prevalence and clinical presentation of Plasmodium infection. @entity3 enhanced the severity of @entity2 in @entity1 parasite negative @entity0 hence, their health and growth potential needs to be improved upon.

title: Nutritional status of @entity0 in a @entity1 meso endemic area: cross sectional study on prevalence, intensity, predictors, influence on XXXX and @entity2 severity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contradictory results on the interaction between nutritional status and @entity1 warrants further investigation in various epidemiological settings, to assert the antagonistic or synergistic relationship. This study examines the prevalence, severity and predictors of @entity3 and its influence on @entity1 and @entity2 severity in @entity0 in the Mount Cameroon area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 454 @entity0    <=   14  years was carried out from February to May 2013 in Muea community. Anthropometric measures of @entity3 (z-scores   <   -2 standard deviations below mean) were obtained and spleen size assessed. The prevalence and density of @entity1 parasites were determined and haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell count obtained using an automated haematology analyzer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate influence of @entity3 on @entity2 , @entity1 and predictors respectively. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity3 was 22.8  %, with stunting being the most common form (17.1  %), followed by underweight (8.2  %) and @entity4 (5.5  %). Stunting was significantly higher (P   <   0.01) in males (23.1  %) than in females (11.9  %). The prevalence of @entity3 was significantly highest (P   =   0.03) in @entity0  <=5  years old (29.5  %) than their counterparts. Severe stunting, @entity4 and underweight were prevalent in 4.9  %, 1.6  % and 1.8  % of the @entity0 respectively. Clinical @entity1 was significantly higher (P   =   0.01) in @entity0 who were stunted (16.9  %) and underweight (21.6  %) than their normal counterparts (7.5  %; 8.2  % respectively). The model demonstrated sex (P   =   0.006) and age group 1.1-3 years (P   =   0.03) as significant predictors of @entity3 . In @entity0 who were @entity1 parasite negative, the prevalence of @entity2 as well as severities were significantly higher (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.001 respectively) in those malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of stunting in the community significantly augmented the prevalence and clinical presentation of Plasmodium infection. @entity3 enhanced the severity of @entity2 in @entity1 parasite negative @entity0 hence, their health and growth potential needs to be improved upon.

title: Nutritional status of @entity0 in a @entity1 meso endemic area: cross sectional study on prevalence, intensity, predictors, influence on @entity1 and XXXX severity.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The contradictory results on the interaction between nutritional status and @entity1 warrants further investigation in various epidemiological settings, to assert the antagonistic or synergistic relationship. This study examines the prevalence, severity and predictors of @entity3 and its influence on @entity1 and @entity2 severity in @entity0 in the Mount Cameroon area. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 454 @entity0    <=   14  years was carried out from February to May 2013 in Muea community. Anthropometric measures of @entity3 (z-scores   <   -2 standard deviations below mean) were obtained and spleen size assessed. The prevalence and density of @entity1 parasites were determined and haemoglobin concentration and white blood cell count obtained using an automated haematology analyzer. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate influence of @entity3 on @entity2 , @entity1 and predictors respectively. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of @entity3 was 22.8  %, with stunting being the most common form (17.1  %), followed by underweight (8.2  %) and @entity4 (5.5  %). Stunting was significantly higher (P   <   0.01) in males (23.1  %) than in females (11.9  %). The prevalence of @entity3 was significantly highest (P   =   0.03) in @entity0  <=5  years old (29.5  %) than their counterparts. Severe stunting, @entity4 and underweight were prevalent in 4.9  %, 1.6  % and 1.8  % of the @entity0 respectively. Clinical @entity1 was significantly higher (P   =   0.01) in @entity0 who were stunted (16.9  %) and underweight (21.6  %) than their normal counterparts (7.5  %; 8.2  % respectively). The model demonstrated sex (P   =   0.006) and age group 1.1-3 years (P   =   0.03) as significant predictors of @entity3 . In @entity0 who were @entity1 parasite negative, the prevalence of @entity2 as well as severities were significantly higher (P   =   0.04 and P   =   0.001 respectively) in those malnourished. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of stunting in the community significantly augmented the prevalence and clinical presentation of Plasmodium infection. @entity3 enhanced the severity of @entity2 in @entity1 parasite negative @entity0 hence, their health and growth potential needs to be improved upon.

title: Nutritional status of XXXX in a @entity1 meso endemic area: cross sectional study on prevalence, intensity, predictors, influence on @entity1 and @entity2 severity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the imaging manifestations of CT, MRI and pathological basis for hepatic capsular retraction syndrome caused by benign and malignant @entity2 .    METHODS: CT or MRI images and pathological features for hepatic capsular retraction syndrome were retrospectively analyzed in 50 @entity0 with benign and malignant @entity2 . Picture archive and communication system (PACS) was used to observe and compare the morphology, size, width, depth, edge of the capsular retraction and the status of liquid under the liver capsule. The structure, differentiation and proliferation of the @entity1 were analyzed under the microscope.    RESULTS: There were malignant @entity2 in 44 @entity0 and @entity1 in 6 @entity0 . The smooth or rough for the edge of capsular retraction was significant difference between the @entity1 and the @entity1 with three differentiated grades (all P<0.05). There were significant difference in the width and depth for capsule retraction with different amount of fibrous tissues (all P<0.05). The width and depth of capsule retraction were positively correlated to the size of the @entity1 (r=0.557, 0.309 respectively, both P<0.05).    CONCLUSION: Benign and malignant @entity3 may appear @entity4 , but there are morphological differences between them. The differences are closely related with the lesion size, differentiated degree of @entity1 and fibrous tissue proliferation.

title: [Imaging manifestations and pathologic basis for hepatic capsular retraction syndrome caused by benign and malignant XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The severity of ischaemia in the left ventricle from total @entity6 is modified by retrograde blood flow through collateral or overlapping vessels, but whether that is true for the right ventricle is not known. The consequences and extent of @entity0 from occlusion of the right coronary artery were studied in anaesthetised @entity2 . In group 1 (n = 9), the right coronary artery alone was occluded; in group 2 (n = 8), the right coronary artery and overlapping vessels from the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries were occluded. Occlusion for 2 h caused right ventricular end diastolic pressure to increase by 2.8(SEM 0.4) mm Hg in group 1 (p less than 0.05) and by 1.9(0.5) mm Hg in group 2 (p less than 0.05). Fractional shortening in the ischaemic zone became @entity7 in group 1: 12.0(1.4)% v 0.1(1.6)%; p less than 0.05; and @entity5 in group 2: 12.1(2.1)% v -1.2(0.9)%; p less than 0.05. In both groups, fractional shortening remained @entity3 during the ensuing 2 h of reperfusion. The incidence of right ventricular free wall @entity1 was 56% in group 1 but 100% in group 2 (p = 0.082). The area of @entity1 , expressed as a percentage of the area at risk, was 13.9(6.6)% in group 1 in contrast to 66.9(4.5)% in group 2 (p less than 0.05). Both groups had equal involvement of the @entity4 . We conclude that ligating epicardial overlapping vessels in addition to the right coronary artery produces a larger area of right ventricular free wall @entity1 .

title: Do overlapping vessels protect against @entity2 right ventricular infarction after XXXX ?

answer: @entity6


abstract: The severity of ischaemia in the left ventricle from total @entity6 is modified by retrograde blood flow through collateral or overlapping vessels, but whether that is true for the right ventricle is not known. The consequences and extent of @entity0 from occlusion of the right coronary artery were studied in anaesthetised @entity2 . In group 1 (n = 9), the right coronary artery alone was occluded; in group 2 (n = 8), the right coronary artery and overlapping vessels from the left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries were occluded. Occlusion for 2 h caused right ventricular end diastolic pressure to increase by 2.8(SEM 0.4) mm Hg in group 1 (p less than 0.05) and by 1.9(0.5) mm Hg in group 2 (p less than 0.05). Fractional shortening in the ischaemic zone became @entity7 in group 1: 12.0(1.4)% v 0.1(1.6)%; p less than 0.05; and @entity5 in group 2: 12.1(2.1)% v -1.2(0.9)%; p less than 0.05. In both groups, fractional shortening remained @entity3 during the ensuing 2 h of reperfusion. The incidence of right ventricular free wall @entity1 was 56% in group 1 but 100% in group 2 (p = 0.082). The area of @entity1 , expressed as a percentage of the area at risk, was 13.9(6.6)% in group 1 in contrast to 66.9(4.5)% in group 2 (p less than 0.05). Both groups had equal involvement of the @entity4 . We conclude that ligating epicardial overlapping vessels in addition to the right coronary artery produces a larger area of right ventricular free wall @entity1 .

title: Do overlapping vessels protect against XXXX right ventricular infarction after @entity6 ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: Modulating the function of immune receptors with antibodies is ushering in a new era in @entity1 immunotherapy. With the notable exception of PD-1 blockade used as monotherapy, immune modulation can be associated with significant @entity3 that are expected to escalate with the development of increasingly potent immune therapies. A general way to reduce @entity3 is to target immune potentiating drugs to the @entity1 or immune cells of the @entity0 . This Crossroads article discusses a new class of nucleic acid-based immune-modulatory drugs that are targeted to the @entity1 or to the immune system by conjugation to oligonucleotide aptamer ligands. Cell-free chemically synthesized short oligonucleotide aptamers represent a novel and emerging platform technology for generating ligands with desired specificity that offer exceptional versatility and feasibility in terms of development, manufacture, and conjugation to an oligonucleotide cargo. In proof-of-concept studies, aptamer ligands were used to target immune-modulatory siRNAs or aptamers to induce neoantigens in the @entity1 cells, limit costimulation to the @entity1 lesion, or enhance the persistence of vaccine-induced immunity. Using increasingly relevant @entity2 models, the aptamer-targeted immune-modulatory drugs engendered protective antitumor immunity that was superior to that of current "gold-standard" therapies in terms of efficacy and lack of @entity3 or reduced @entity3 . To overcome immune exhaustion aptamer-targeted siRNA conjugates could be used to downregulate intracellular mediators of exhaustion that integrate signals from multiple inhibitory receptors. Recent advances in aptamer development and second-generation aptamer-drug conjugates suggest that we have only scratched the surface. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(11); 1195-200.   2015 AACR.

title: Reducing XXXX of Immune Therapy Using Aptamer-Targeted Drug Delivery.

answer: @entity3