abstract: 5 cases of @entity4 with normocalcemic @entity6 and @entity1 are described. 24 earlier reported cases with normocalcemic @entity6 of @entity4 were extracted from the literature and reviewed together with the present cases. GFR was normal (greater than 80 ml/min) in 2 of the @entity0 , slightly to moderately decreased (80-20 ml/min) in 14 @entity0 , and severely decreased (less than 20 ml/min) in 13 @entity0 . The @entity0 (19 males and 10 females) were 12-68 (median 45) years old. All @entity0 with GFR less than 10 ml/min were more than 43 years old. 1 @entity0 died in terminal @entity7 on admittance. All but 1 of the @entity0 treated with @entity3 improved (22 @entity0 ) or stabilized (5 @entity0 ) at least initially. 1 @entity0 treated with a relatively low dose of a @entity2 progressed to terminal @entity7 . 8 @entity0 had a relapse when the @entity3 were tapered or discontinued. 12 of the @entity0 had residual @entity1 after initial successful treatment and in 4 cases the impairment worsened after a @entity2 -sensitive relapse. It could be concluded from the study that an initial @entity2 dosage of 1 mg @entity5 /kg BW or more should be used in @entity6 of @entity4 .

title: XXXX with normocalcemic @entity6 . Five case reports and a review of 24 cases in the literature.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 5 cases of @entity4 with normocalcemic @entity6 and @entity1 are described. 24 earlier reported cases with normocalcemic @entity6 of @entity4 were extracted from the literature and reviewed together with the present cases. GFR was normal (greater than 80 ml/min) in 2 of the @entity0 , slightly to moderately decreased (80-20 ml/min) in 14 @entity0 , and severely decreased (less than 20 ml/min) in 13 @entity0 . The @entity0 (19 males and 10 females) were 12-68 (median 45) years old. All @entity0 with GFR less than 10 ml/min were more than 43 years old. 1 @entity0 died in terminal @entity7 on admittance. All but 1 of the @entity0 treated with @entity3 improved (22 @entity0 ) or stabilized (5 @entity0 ) at least initially. 1 @entity0 treated with a relatively low dose of a @entity2 progressed to terminal @entity7 . 8 @entity0 had a relapse when the @entity3 were tapered or discontinued. 12 of the @entity0 had residual @entity1 after initial successful treatment and in 4 cases the impairment worsened after a @entity2 -sensitive relapse. It could be concluded from the study that an initial @entity2 dosage of 1 mg @entity5 /kg BW or more should be used in @entity6 of @entity4 .

title: @entity4 with normocalcemic XXXX . Five case reports and a review of 24 cases in the literature.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Based largely on in vitro investigations and animal studies, investigators believe that disruptions of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) signaling contribute to the development and progression of @entity0 @entity3 . The purpose of this study was to directly assess the status of the @entity6 signaling pathway in @entity3 and determine the effects of its disruption on clinical behavior and outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Smad proteins are the principal intracellular components of the @entity6 signaling pathway. We conducted a high-throughput analysis of the expression patterns of @entity7 , phosphorylated (activated) @entity7 (pSmad2), and @entity5 in more than 600 @entity0 @entity3 specimens assembled in tissue microarrays. RESULTS: The vast majority (93.8%; 95% CI: 92%-96%) of @entity3 expressed phosphorylated @entity7 , indicating the ability of the @entity2 to survive and proliferate within a microenvironment that contains bioactive @entity6 . Twelve of 633 (1.9%; 95% CI: 1%-3%) cases failed to express @entity7 , and 15 of 641 (2.3%; 95% CI: 1%-4%) cases failed to express @entity5 . Moreover, 29 of 615 (4.7%; 95% CI: 3%-7%) of cases expressed @entity7 but not its activated form (pSmad2), suggesting the presence of a @entity6 receptor defect. Based on an analysis of 577 cases for which clinical outcome information was available, failure to express @entity7 , pSmad2, or @entity5 was associated with @entity2 , the presence of lymph node @entity1 , and a significantly shorter overall survival (median survival: 35 vs 58 months). DISCUSSION: Loss of Smad activation and/or expression occurs in approximately 10% of @entity3 . This subset has a poor prognosis because of its association with @entity4 and the presence of lymph node @entity1 at diagnosis.

title: Loss of Smad signaling in @entity0 @entity3 is associated with XXXX and poor prognosis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Based largely on in vitro investigations and animal studies, investigators believe that disruptions of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) signaling contribute to the development and progression of @entity0 @entity3 . The purpose of this study was to directly assess the status of the @entity6 signaling pathway in @entity3 and determine the effects of its disruption on clinical behavior and outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Smad proteins are the principal intracellular components of the @entity6 signaling pathway. We conducted a high-throughput analysis of the expression patterns of @entity7 , phosphorylated (activated) @entity7 (pSmad2), and @entity5 in more than 600 @entity0 @entity3 specimens assembled in tissue microarrays. RESULTS: The vast majority (93.8%; 95% CI: 92%-96%) of @entity3 expressed phosphorylated @entity7 , indicating the ability of the @entity2 to survive and proliferate within a microenvironment that contains bioactive @entity6 . Twelve of 633 (1.9%; 95% CI: 1%-3%) cases failed to express @entity7 , and 15 of 641 (2.3%; 95% CI: 1%-4%) cases failed to express @entity5 . Moreover, 29 of 615 (4.7%; 95% CI: 3%-7%) of cases expressed @entity7 but not its activated form (pSmad2), suggesting the presence of a @entity6 receptor defect. Based on an analysis of 577 cases for which clinical outcome information was available, failure to express @entity7 , pSmad2, or @entity5 was associated with @entity2 , the presence of lymph node @entity1 , and a significantly shorter overall survival (median survival: 35 vs 58 months). DISCUSSION: Loss of Smad activation and/or expression occurs in approximately 10% of @entity3 . This subset has a poor prognosis because of its association with @entity4 and the presence of lymph node @entity1 at diagnosis.

title: Loss of Smad signaling in @entity0 XXXX is associated with @entity4 and poor prognosis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Based largely on in vitro investigations and animal studies, investigators believe that disruptions of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) signaling contribute to the development and progression of @entity0 @entity3 . The purpose of this study was to directly assess the status of the @entity6 signaling pathway in @entity3 and determine the effects of its disruption on clinical behavior and outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Smad proteins are the principal intracellular components of the @entity6 signaling pathway. We conducted a high-throughput analysis of the expression patterns of @entity7 , phosphorylated (activated) @entity7 (pSmad2), and @entity5 in more than 600 @entity0 @entity3 specimens assembled in tissue microarrays. RESULTS: The vast majority (93.8%; 95% CI: 92%-96%) of @entity3 expressed phosphorylated @entity7 , indicating the ability of the @entity2 to survive and proliferate within a microenvironment that contains bioactive @entity6 . Twelve of 633 (1.9%; 95% CI: 1%-3%) cases failed to express @entity7 , and 15 of 641 (2.3%; 95% CI: 1%-4%) cases failed to express @entity5 . Moreover, 29 of 615 (4.7%; 95% CI: 3%-7%) of cases expressed @entity7 but not its activated form (pSmad2), suggesting the presence of a @entity6 receptor defect. Based on an analysis of 577 cases for which clinical outcome information was available, failure to express @entity7 , pSmad2, or @entity5 was associated with @entity2 , the presence of lymph node @entity1 , and a significantly shorter overall survival (median survival: 35 vs 58 months). DISCUSSION: Loss of Smad activation and/or expression occurs in approximately 10% of @entity3 . This subset has a poor prognosis because of its association with @entity4 and the presence of lymph node @entity1 at diagnosis.

title: Loss of Smad signaling in XXXX @entity3 is associated with @entity4 and poor prognosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Protein phosphorylation is a critical regulatory mechanism in cellular signalling. To this end, @entity3 is a major eukaryotic @entity1 / @entity2 -specific phosphatase whose cellular functions, in turn, depend on complexes it forms with @entity3 interacting proteins-PIPs. The importance of the testis/sperm-enriched variant, PP1y2, in sperm motility and spermatogenesis has previously been shown. Given the key role of PIPs, it is imperative to identify the physiologically relevant PIPs in testis and sperm. Hence, we performed Yeast Two-Hybrid screens of a @entity0 testis cDNA library using as baits the different @entity3 isoforms and also a proteomic approach aimed at identifying PP1y2 binding proteins. To the best of our knowledge this is the largest data set of the @entity0 testis @entity3 interactome. We report the identification of 77 proteins in @entity0 testis and 7 proteins in @entity0 sperm that bind @entity3 . The data obtained increased the known @entity3 interactome by reporting 72 novel interactions. Confirmation of the interaction of @entity3 with 5 different proteins was also further validated by co-immunoprecipitation or protein overlays. The data here presented provides important insights towards the function of these proteins and opens new possibilities for future research. In fact, such diversity in @entity3 regulators makes them excellent targets for pharmacological intervention.

title: Identification of the XXXX testis protein phosphatase 1 interactome.

answer: @entity0


abstract: CaN induces the apoptosis in neurons, but the influence of @entity11 and the intervention of pretreament with @entity3 -regulated factors, such as @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 , on CaN expression is not clear. We also do not know whether @entity10 takes part in the induction of @entity2 or induces an expression change of @entity10 in @entity11 . So we will discuss the effect of @entity11 , pretreatment with @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 on the expression of the CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 in the hippocampus neurons. In our study, we established @entity0 models including sham, @entity2 , @entity11 , @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 . The @entity1 scores were processed. The right hippocampus was removed and stained with TTC, and the volume of @entity5 was calculated. The apoptotic neurons were detected by TUNEL staining. The expressions of CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 at the protein level were examined by Western blotting, and the transcription of @entity10 by RT-PCR, respectively. The results showed that the @entity1 scores, the volume of the @entity5 , the numbers of the apoptotic neurons, the protein expression of CaN, @entity10 and the transcription of @entity10 were the highest in the @entity2 and @entity8 groups, there were no difference between the two groups(P>0.05); these factors in @entity11 group were all lower than those in the @entity2 group(P<0.05); and much lower in the @entity9 and @entity4 group than those in the @entity11 group (among them, the volume of the @entity5 in the @entity9 and @entity4 groups P<0.01, the expression of CaN in @entity9 group P<0.01, others were P<0.05), but no significant difference existed between the @entity9 and @entity4 groups(P>0.05). The expression of p- @entity7 was the lowest in the @entity2 and @entity8 groups, and there was no difference between the two groups (P>0.05), This factor was higher in @entity11 group than that in the @entity2 group (P<0.05); it was the highest in the @entity9 and @entity4 groups among these groups (the @entity9 group P<0.01, the @entity4 group P<0.05), no significant difference existed between the @entity9 and @entity4 groups (P>0.05. Continuous @entity2 increases the expression of CaN, and the transcription and the protein expression of @entity10 . @entity10 reduces the phosphorylated expression of @entity7 , ultimately activating apoptosis. @entity11 inhibits above process and reduces the expression of CaN and @entity10 , and increases the expression of p- @entity7 , thereby inhibiting apoptosis in neurons. @entity9 and @entity4 can reduce the expression of CaN and @entity10 , and increase the expression of p- @entity7 , via a moderate increase in the concentration of intracellular @entity6 and inhibition of the activity of CaN; @entity8 counteracts the effect of @entity11 .

title: Effect of XXXX and intervention of @entity3 -regulated factors on CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 expression in neurons.

answer: @entity11


abstract: CaN induces the apoptosis in neurons, but the influence of @entity11 and the intervention of pretreament with @entity3 -regulated factors, such as @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 , on CaN expression is not clear. We also do not know whether @entity10 takes part in the induction of @entity2 or induces an expression change of @entity10 in @entity11 . So we will discuss the effect of @entity11 , pretreatment with @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 on the expression of the CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 in the hippocampus neurons. In our study, we established @entity0 models including sham, @entity2 , @entity11 , @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 . The @entity1 scores were processed. The right hippocampus was removed and stained with TTC, and the volume of @entity5 was calculated. The apoptotic neurons were detected by TUNEL staining. The expressions of CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 at the protein level were examined by Western blotting, and the transcription of @entity10 by RT-PCR, respectively. The results showed that the @entity1 scores, the volume of the @entity5 , the numbers of the apoptotic neurons, the protein expression of CaN, @entity10 and the transcription of @entity10 were the highest in the @entity2 and @entity8 groups, there were no difference between the two groups(P>0.05); these factors in @entity11 group were all lower than those in the @entity2 group(P<0.05); and much lower in the @entity9 and @entity4 group than those in the @entity11 group (among them, the volume of the @entity5 in the @entity9 and @entity4 groups P<0.01, the expression of CaN in @entity9 group P<0.01, others were P<0.05), but no significant difference existed between the @entity9 and @entity4 groups(P>0.05). The expression of p- @entity7 was the lowest in the @entity2 and @entity8 groups, and there was no difference between the two groups (P>0.05), This factor was higher in @entity11 group than that in the @entity2 group (P<0.05); it was the highest in the @entity9 and @entity4 groups among these groups (the @entity9 group P<0.01, the @entity4 group P<0.05), no significant difference existed between the @entity9 and @entity4 groups (P>0.05. Continuous @entity2 increases the expression of CaN, and the transcription and the protein expression of @entity10 . @entity10 reduces the phosphorylated expression of @entity7 , ultimately activating apoptosis. @entity11 inhibits above process and reduces the expression of CaN and @entity10 , and increases the expression of p- @entity7 , thereby inhibiting apoptosis in neurons. @entity9 and @entity4 can reduce the expression of CaN and @entity10 , and increase the expression of p- @entity7 , via a moderate increase in the concentration of intracellular @entity6 and inhibition of the activity of CaN; @entity8 counteracts the effect of @entity11 .

title: Effect of @entity11 and intervention of XXXX -regulated factors on CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 expression in neurons.

answer: @entity3


abstract: CaN induces the apoptosis in neurons, but the influence of @entity11 and the intervention of pretreament with @entity3 -regulated factors, such as @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 , on CaN expression is not clear. We also do not know whether @entity10 takes part in the induction of @entity2 or induces an expression change of @entity10 in @entity11 . So we will discuss the effect of @entity11 , pretreatment with @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 on the expression of the CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 in the hippocampus neurons. In our study, we established @entity0 models including sham, @entity2 , @entity11 , @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 . The @entity1 scores were processed. The right hippocampus was removed and stained with TTC, and the volume of @entity5 was calculated. The apoptotic neurons were detected by TUNEL staining. The expressions of CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 at the protein level were examined by Western blotting, and the transcription of @entity10 by RT-PCR, respectively. The results showed that the @entity1 scores, the volume of the @entity5 , the numbers of the apoptotic neurons, the protein expression of CaN, @entity10 and the transcription of @entity10 were the highest in the @entity2 and @entity8 groups, there were no difference between the two groups(P>0.05); these factors in @entity11 group were all lower than those in the @entity2 group(P<0.05); and much lower in the @entity9 and @entity4 group than those in the @entity11 group (among them, the volume of the @entity5 in the @entity9 and @entity4 groups P<0.01, the expression of CaN in @entity9 group P<0.01, others were P<0.05), but no significant difference existed between the @entity9 and @entity4 groups(P>0.05). The expression of p- @entity7 was the lowest in the @entity2 and @entity8 groups, and there was no difference between the two groups (P>0.05), This factor was higher in @entity11 group than that in the @entity2 group (P<0.05); it was the highest in the @entity9 and @entity4 groups among these groups (the @entity9 group P<0.01, the @entity4 group P<0.05), no significant difference existed between the @entity9 and @entity4 groups (P>0.05. Continuous @entity2 increases the expression of CaN, and the transcription and the protein expression of @entity10 . @entity10 reduces the phosphorylated expression of @entity7 , ultimately activating apoptosis. @entity11 inhibits above process and reduces the expression of CaN and @entity10 , and increases the expression of p- @entity7 , thereby inhibiting apoptosis in neurons. @entity9 and @entity4 can reduce the expression of CaN and @entity10 , and increase the expression of p- @entity7 , via a moderate increase in the concentration of intracellular @entity6 and inhibition of the activity of CaN; @entity8 counteracts the effect of @entity11 .

title: Effect of @entity11 and intervention of @entity3 -regulated factors on CaN, XXXX and p- @entity7 expression in neurons.

answer: @entity10


abstract: CaN induces the apoptosis in neurons, but the influence of @entity11 and the intervention of pretreament with @entity3 -regulated factors, such as @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 , on CaN expression is not clear. We also do not know whether @entity10 takes part in the induction of @entity2 or induces an expression change of @entity10 in @entity11 . So we will discuss the effect of @entity11 , pretreatment with @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 on the expression of the CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 in the hippocampus neurons. In our study, we established @entity0 models including sham, @entity2 , @entity11 , @entity9 , @entity8 and @entity4 . The @entity1 scores were processed. The right hippocampus was removed and stained with TTC, and the volume of @entity5 was calculated. The apoptotic neurons were detected by TUNEL staining. The expressions of CaN, @entity10 and p- @entity7 at the protein level were examined by Western blotting, and the transcription of @entity10 by RT-PCR, respectively. The results showed that the @entity1 scores, the volume of the @entity5 , the numbers of the apoptotic neurons, the protein expression of CaN, @entity10 and the transcription of @entity10 were the highest in the @entity2 and @entity8 groups, there were no difference between the two groups(P>0.05); these factors in @entity11 group were all lower than those in the @entity2 group(P<0.05); and much lower in the @entity9 and @entity4 group than those in the @entity11 group (among them, the volume of the @entity5 in the @entity9 and @entity4 groups P<0.01, the expression of CaN in @entity9 group P<0.01, others were P<0.05), but no significant difference existed between the @entity9 and @entity4 groups(P>0.05). The expression of p- @entity7 was the lowest in the @entity2 and @entity8 groups, and there was no difference between the two groups (P>0.05), This factor was higher in @entity11 group than that in the @entity2 group (P<0.05); it was the highest in the @entity9 and @entity4 groups among these groups (the @entity9 group P<0.01, the @entity4 group P<0.05), no significant difference existed between the @entity9 and @entity4 groups (P>0.05. Continuous @entity2 increases the expression of CaN, and the transcription and the protein expression of @entity10 . @entity10 reduces the phosphorylated expression of @entity7 , ultimately activating apoptosis. @entity11 inhibits above process and reduces the expression of CaN and @entity10 , and increases the expression of p- @entity7 , thereby inhibiting apoptosis in neurons. @entity9 and @entity4 can reduce the expression of CaN and @entity10 , and increase the expression of p- @entity7 , via a moderate increase in the concentration of intracellular @entity6 and inhibition of the activity of CaN; @entity8 counteracts the effect of @entity11 .

title: Effect of @entity11 and intervention of @entity3 -regulated factors on CaN, @entity10 and p- XXXX expression in neurons.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity7 are very rare, especially in their non secretory form. A 15 years old @entity0 was hospitalized for evolutive @entity2 since 6 weeks associated with @entity4 and @entity3 . Infections @entity5 were eliminated. Abdominal ultrasonography reveal a poly-lobular mass adherent to the spleen and the posterior wall of the stomach. This is confirmed by fibroscopy and barium swallow. Abdominal scanner and scintigraphy did not give any new etiological argument. X Ray thorax is normal. Laparotomy reveals a retro-gastric mass adherent by its superior extremity to the spleen. A complete excision is done. The pathological examination shows all the histologic features of @entity6 . Its extension to the spleen grade this @entity1 with a @entity1 . No chemotherapy was undertaken, only a clinical, ultrasound and radiography observation with a follow up of 13 months.

title: [A new case of non-secreting XXXX in a @entity0 ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity7 are very rare, especially in their non secretory form. A 15 years old @entity0 was hospitalized for evolutive @entity2 since 6 weeks associated with @entity4 and @entity3 . Infections @entity5 were eliminated. Abdominal ultrasonography reveal a poly-lobular mass adherent to the spleen and the posterior wall of the stomach. This is confirmed by fibroscopy and barium swallow. Abdominal scanner and scintigraphy did not give any new etiological argument. X Ray thorax is normal. Laparotomy reveals a retro-gastric mass adherent by its superior extremity to the spleen. A complete excision is done. The pathological examination shows all the histologic features of @entity6 . Its extension to the spleen grade this @entity1 with a @entity1 . No chemotherapy was undertaken, only a clinical, ultrasound and radiography observation with a follow up of 13 months.

title: [A new case of non-secreting @entity7 in a XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study was undertaken to compare the incidence of @entity2 in fusions supplemented with autogeneic and frozen allogeneic grafts. The records of 208 @entity0 with @entity3 who were treated by posterior fusion and Harrington instrumentation were studied. The fusion was supplemented by an autogeneic iliac bone graft in 114 @entity0 and by an allogeneic bank bone graft in 94 @entity0 . The fusion mass was explored in all @entity0 with suspected @entity2 ; therefore, all @entity2 reported in this series were proved by surgical exploration. @entity2 developed in five @entity0 (4.4%) receiving an autogeneic graft and in five @entity0 (5.3%) receiving an allogeneic graft. The incidence of @entity2 was not significantly different at the 95% level of certainty. Average @entity1 and operative time were determined for all @entity0 . The decreases in average @entity1 and operative time in those @entity0 receiving allogeneic grafts were significant (p less than .01). Thus, based on the incidence of @entity2 , allogeneic frozen bank-stored bone is an attractive alternative to autogeneic iliac bone for fusion supplementation in the treatment of @entity4 . Total operative time and @entity1 can be decreased, and possible complications associated with a donor site can be avoided.

title: @entity2 after spinal fusion for XXXX . A comparison of autogeneic and allogeneic bone grafts.

answer: @entity4


abstract: This study was undertaken to compare the incidence of @entity2 in fusions supplemented with autogeneic and frozen allogeneic grafts. The records of 208 @entity0 with @entity3 who were treated by posterior fusion and Harrington instrumentation were studied. The fusion was supplemented by an autogeneic iliac bone graft in 114 @entity0 and by an allogeneic bank bone graft in 94 @entity0 . The fusion mass was explored in all @entity0 with suspected @entity2 ; therefore, all @entity2 reported in this series were proved by surgical exploration. @entity2 developed in five @entity0 (4.4%) receiving an autogeneic graft and in five @entity0 (5.3%) receiving an allogeneic graft. The incidence of @entity2 was not significantly different at the 95% level of certainty. Average @entity1 and operative time were determined for all @entity0 . The decreases in average @entity1 and operative time in those @entity0 receiving allogeneic grafts were significant (p less than .01). Thus, based on the incidence of @entity2 , allogeneic frozen bank-stored bone is an attractive alternative to autogeneic iliac bone for fusion supplementation in the treatment of @entity4 . Total operative time and @entity1 can be decreased, and possible complications associated with a donor site can be avoided.

title: XXXX after spinal fusion for @entity4 . A comparison of autogeneic and allogeneic bone grafts.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the late incidence of @entity7 after bidirectional Glenn in @entity0 with azygos continuation of the inferior vena cava ( @entity9 operation). METHODS: From 1990 to 2006, 21 @entity0 underwent a @entity9 procedure at a median age of 2.3 years (0.5-8 years). Underlying anatomy included @entity2 [14], double-outlet right ventricle [13], @entity5 [3], @entity3 [11], total @entity6 [4] and bilateral superior vena cavae [14]. RESULTS: There was one hospital death after @entity9 due to @entity4 . Follow-up was complete in all but one @entity0 . Two @entity0 died 23 days and 4 years after @entity9 following cardiac reinterventions (one @entity1 and one Fontan completion). Thirteen @entity0 developed @entity7 after a median of 4 years (2-9 years) after @entity9 . Freedom from development of @entity8 was 47% at 5 years (95% CI: 23-69%). A total of 16 @entity0 underwent Fontan completion, 12 for cyanosis related to @entity7 and four for decreased exercise capacity. Only three @entity0 were left without Fontan completion at 4, 9 and 13 years after @entity9 . The two @entity0 who had more than 9 years of follow-up after @entity9 had antegrade flow preserved between the ventricle and the pulmonary arteries. CONCLUSION: Unless some hepatic blood flow is directed to both lungs, most, if not all @entity0 with a @entity9 procedure will ultimately develop @entity7 . Elective non-fenestrated Fontan completion in the years following @entity9 procedure should be recommended.

title: Should we always plan a Fontan completion after a XXXX procedure?

answer: @entity9


abstract: The purpose of this study was to reassess left ventricular ejection dynamics in @entity1 , to investigate whether a premature stoppage of ejection occurs, as previously reported, and whether reliable criteria for left ventricular outflow tract obstruction can be established by non-invasive evaluation of aortic flow patterns. In a group of 21 @entity0 with @entity1 , composed of 9 with the obstructive form (HOCM), 9 with the non-obstructive form (HNCM) and 3 with apical @entity2 (HACM), instantaneous flow velocities across the ascending aorta were determined non-invasively with a 16-gated Doppler 2-D echo instrument. Ten normals served as controls. The 16 flow velocities were averaged over 8 heart beats and the relative volume flow rate was calculated by microprocessor analysis. Ejection time (i.e. flow time) derived from the flow curves was compared with the available ejection period as determined from the carotid pulse tracing. In normals, ejection time amounted to 94 +/- 3% of the available ejection period, in HOCM to 92 +/- 5% and in HNCM to 93 +/- 4% (no significant differences). In HACM, however, ejection time was reduced to 71 +/- 14% of the available ejection period. In contrast to HNCM, aortic flow in HOCM was characterized by an early peak followed by a plateau at a sizably lower flow level for the rest of systole. Flow time of an abnormally short duration was the hallmark of HACM. We conclude that in @entity0 with @entity1 , HOCM and HNCM can be distinguished by the shape of their volume flow curves. A premature stoppage of ejection is only found in @entity0 with HACM.

title: Dynamics of aortic flow in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity7 , a new @entity10 derivative, is an antihypertensive agent with arteriolar vasodilating properties, which acts on precapillary resistance vessels. A trial was carried out in 30 @entity0 with essential @entity3 WHO I-II. The treatment period was divided into three phases. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity9 were administered for 4 weeks in Phase 1 and supine and standing blood pressure decreased significantly. During Phase 2 @entity7 was added to @entity5 / @entity9 for the following 3 months. A further significant reduction in blood pressure was obtained. In the next period of treatment (Phase 3) @entity0 were divided into two groups. For 1 month Group A (15 @entity0 ) received @entity7 alone and Group B (15 @entity0 ) received @entity5 / @entity9 . Conventional laboratory blood tests in all @entity0 remained unchanged during treatment. Reported side effects during Phase 2 were @entity2 (2 @entity0 ), @entity6 (3 @entity0 ), palpitations (2 @entity0 ) and ankle @entity1 (2 @entity0 ). Plasma @entity4 activity was slightly increased at the end both of Phases 1 and 2. Plasma @entity8 were increased but not significantly at the end of Phase 2 as compared to Phase 1. The results indicate that @entity7 is effective in lowering blood pressure in mild to moderate essential @entity3 .

title: Effect of @entity7 on blood pressure, plasma XXXX and plasma @entity4 activity in essential @entity3 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity7 , a new @entity10 derivative, is an antihypertensive agent with arteriolar vasodilating properties, which acts on precapillary resistance vessels. A trial was carried out in 30 @entity0 with essential @entity3 WHO I-II. The treatment period was divided into three phases. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity9 were administered for 4 weeks in Phase 1 and supine and standing blood pressure decreased significantly. During Phase 2 @entity7 was added to @entity5 / @entity9 for the following 3 months. A further significant reduction in blood pressure was obtained. In the next period of treatment (Phase 3) @entity0 were divided into two groups. For 1 month Group A (15 @entity0 ) received @entity7 alone and Group B (15 @entity0 ) received @entity5 / @entity9 . Conventional laboratory blood tests in all @entity0 remained unchanged during treatment. Reported side effects during Phase 2 were @entity2 (2 @entity0 ), @entity6 (3 @entity0 ), palpitations (2 @entity0 ) and ankle @entity1 (2 @entity0 ). Plasma @entity4 activity was slightly increased at the end both of Phases 1 and 2. Plasma @entity8 were increased but not significantly at the end of Phase 2 as compared to Phase 1. The results indicate that @entity7 is effective in lowering blood pressure in mild to moderate essential @entity3 .

title: Effect of @entity7 on blood pressure, plasma @entity8 and plasma XXXX activity in essential @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity7 , a new @entity10 derivative, is an antihypertensive agent with arteriolar vasodilating properties, which acts on precapillary resistance vessels. A trial was carried out in 30 @entity0 with essential @entity3 WHO I-II. The treatment period was divided into three phases. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity9 were administered for 4 weeks in Phase 1 and supine and standing blood pressure decreased significantly. During Phase 2 @entity7 was added to @entity5 / @entity9 for the following 3 months. A further significant reduction in blood pressure was obtained. In the next period of treatment (Phase 3) @entity0 were divided into two groups. For 1 month Group A (15 @entity0 ) received @entity7 alone and Group B (15 @entity0 ) received @entity5 / @entity9 . Conventional laboratory blood tests in all @entity0 remained unchanged during treatment. Reported side effects during Phase 2 were @entity2 (2 @entity0 ), @entity6 (3 @entity0 ), palpitations (2 @entity0 ) and ankle @entity1 (2 @entity0 ). Plasma @entity4 activity was slightly increased at the end both of Phases 1 and 2. Plasma @entity8 were increased but not significantly at the end of Phase 2 as compared to Phase 1. The results indicate that @entity7 is effective in lowering blood pressure in mild to moderate essential @entity3 .

title: Effect of @entity7 on blood pressure, plasma @entity8 and plasma @entity4 activity in essential XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 , a new @entity10 derivative, is an antihypertensive agent with arteriolar vasodilating properties, which acts on precapillary resistance vessels. A trial was carried out in 30 @entity0 with essential @entity3 WHO I-II. The treatment period was divided into three phases. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity9 were administered for 4 weeks in Phase 1 and supine and standing blood pressure decreased significantly. During Phase 2 @entity7 was added to @entity5 / @entity9 for the following 3 months. A further significant reduction in blood pressure was obtained. In the next period of treatment (Phase 3) @entity0 were divided into two groups. For 1 month Group A (15 @entity0 ) received @entity7 alone and Group B (15 @entity0 ) received @entity5 / @entity9 . Conventional laboratory blood tests in all @entity0 remained unchanged during treatment. Reported side effects during Phase 2 were @entity2 (2 @entity0 ), @entity6 (3 @entity0 ), palpitations (2 @entity0 ) and ankle @entity1 (2 @entity0 ). Plasma @entity4 activity was slightly increased at the end both of Phases 1 and 2. Plasma @entity8 were increased but not significantly at the end of Phase 2 as compared to Phase 1. The results indicate that @entity7 is effective in lowering blood pressure in mild to moderate essential @entity3 .

title: Effect of XXXX on blood pressure, plasma @entity8 and plasma @entity4 activity in essential @entity3 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Animal experimentation is a prerequisite for preclinical evaluation of treatments such as chemotherapy. It's strictly regulated with the purpose of reducing the number of experimental animal as well as their @entity4 . Small animal imaging should provide a painless longitudinal follow up of @entity0 progression on a single animal. The aim of the study is to validate small animal imaging by microscanner ( scan) in longitudinal follow up of a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and to demonstrate its interest for in vivo evaluation of @entity0 response to different therapeutics. An @entity3 model achieved by orthotopic graft of the MH3924A cell line in ACI @entity1 was followed using a Imtek/Siemens microscanner ( scan) with contrast agents (Fenestra(  ) LC/VC). The procedures giving the optimal enhancement of the liver as well as a reliable determination of @entity0 volumes by  scan were validated. Three protocols for therapeutic assessment through  scan longitudinal follow up were performed. Each consisted in three groups testing a chemotherapy ( @entity2 , @entity2 - @entity5 or @entity6 ) versus two control groups (placebo and @entity7 ). Comparison was done on @entity0 volumes, median and actual survivals. There was a significant correlation between @entity0 volumes measured by  scan and autopsy. Treatment by @entity6 , at the contrary of @entity2 alone or with @entity5 , resulted in a significant reduction in @entity0 volumes and prolongation of actuarial survival. These results are consistent with available clinical data for these diverse therapeutics. In conclusion, small animal imaging with  scan is a non-invasive, reliable, and reproducible method for preclinical evaluation of antitumor agents.

title: [Contribution of microCT structural imaging to preclinical evaluation of XXXX chemotherapeutics on orthotopic graft in ACI @entity1 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Animal experimentation is a prerequisite for preclinical evaluation of treatments such as chemotherapy. It's strictly regulated with the purpose of reducing the number of experimental animal as well as their @entity4 . Small animal imaging should provide a painless longitudinal follow up of @entity0 progression on a single animal. The aim of the study is to validate small animal imaging by microscanner ( scan) in longitudinal follow up of a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and to demonstrate its interest for in vivo evaluation of @entity0 response to different therapeutics. An @entity3 model achieved by orthotopic graft of the MH3924A cell line in ACI @entity1 was followed using a Imtek/Siemens microscanner ( scan) with contrast agents (Fenestra(  ) LC/VC). The procedures giving the optimal enhancement of the liver as well as a reliable determination of @entity0 volumes by  scan were validated. Three protocols for therapeutic assessment through  scan longitudinal follow up were performed. Each consisted in three groups testing a chemotherapy ( @entity2 , @entity2 - @entity5 or @entity6 ) versus two control groups (placebo and @entity7 ). Comparison was done on @entity0 volumes, median and actual survivals. There was a significant correlation between @entity0 volumes measured by  scan and autopsy. Treatment by @entity6 , at the contrary of @entity2 alone or with @entity5 , resulted in a significant reduction in @entity0 volumes and prolongation of actuarial survival. These results are consistent with available clinical data for these diverse therapeutics. In conclusion, small animal imaging with  scan is a non-invasive, reliable, and reproducible method for preclinical evaluation of antitumor agents.

title: [Contribution of microCT structural imaging to preclinical evaluation of @entity3 chemotherapeutics on orthotopic graft in ACI XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The presence of active brown adipose tissue in adult @entity0 has been recognized in general physiology only since 2007. The intervening three years established that the depots originally observed by @entity4 positron emission tomography (FDG PET) scanning techniques really are brown adipose tissue depots because they are enriched for @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Reports of low apparent prevalence of brown adipose tissue based on retrospective studies of hospital records of FDG PET scans markedly underestimate true prevalence because such studies only reflect acute activity state; consequently, such retrospective studies cannot be conclusively analysed for factors influencing activity and amount of brown adipose tissue. Dedicated studies show that the true prevalence is 30-100%, depending on cohort. Warm temperature during the investigation-as well as adrenergic antagonists-inhibit tissue activity. There is probably no sexual dimorphism in the prevalence of brown adipose tissue. Outdoor temperature may affect the amount of brown adipose tissue, and the amount is negatively correlated with age and @entity2 . The presence of brown adipose tissue is associated with cold-induced nonshivering thermogenesis, and the tissue may be a major organ for @entity3 disposal. The decline in brown adipose tissue amount with increasing age may account for or aggravate middle-age @entity2 . Maintained activation of brown adipose tissue throughout life may thus protect against @entity2 and @entity1 .

title: Three years with adult XXXX brown adipose tissue.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1   is an efficacious, safe anti-leishmanial treatment. There is growing interest in its use, either as a single dose or in combination treatments. In East Africa, the minimum optimal single-dosage has not been identified. METHODS/DESIGN: An open-label, 2-arm, non-inferiority, multi-centre randomised controlled trial is being conducted to determine the optimal single-dose treatment with @entity1  . @entity0 in the single-dose arm will receive one infusion on day 1, at a dose depending on body weight. For the first group of @entity0 entered to the trial, the dose will be 7.5 mg/kg, but if this dose is found to be ineffective then in subsequent @entity0 series the dose will be escalated progressively to 10, 12.5 and 15 mg/kg. @entity0 in the reference arm will receive a multi-dose regimen of @entity1   (3 mg/kg/day on days 1-5, 14 and 21: total dose 21 mg/kg). @entity0 will be hospitalised for approximately one month after the start of treatment and then followed up at three and six months. The primary endpoint is the status of @entity0 six months after treatment. A secondary endpoint is assessment at day 30. Treatment success is determined as the absence of parasites on microscopy samples taken from bone marrow, lymph node or splenic aspirates. Interim analyses to assess the comparative efficacy of the single dose are planned after recruitment of 20 and 40 @entity0 per arm. The final non-inferiority analysis will include 120 @entity0 per arm, to determine if the single-dose efficacy 6 months after treatment is not more than 10% inferior to the multi-dose. DISCUSSION: An effective, safe single-dose treatment would reduce hospitalization and treatment costs. Results will inform the design of combination treatment studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00832208.

title: Single-dose liposomal amphotericin B ( XXXX  ) for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in East Africa: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Severely head-injured @entity0 require significant resources across the continuum of care. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the level of @entity2 center designation on the outcome of the severely head-injured @entity0 . The National @entity2 Data Bank between 2001 and 2006 (NTDB 6.2) was queried for all @entity0 with isolated @entity3 and Glasgow @entity4 Score (GCS) less than 9. Comparisons between Level I and Level II @entity2 centers were made reviewing hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit LOS, ventilator days, major complication rate ( @entity6 , @entity1 , lower extremity @entity5 ), mortality, and discharge status. Chi-square and Student t tests were used to determine statistical significance defined as P < 0.05. There were 31,736 @entity0 from 258 facilities who met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Level I @entity2 centers had approximately twice as many @entity0 admissions as Level II centers. However, the severity of @entity2 and @entity0 ' characteristics identified by the emergency department GCS as well as the probability of survival score showed no difference between Level I and Level II centers. The comparisons between Level I and Level II @entity2 centers shows that Level II centers are not inferior to Level I in terms of outcomes and complication rate. Level II @entity2 centers encounter @entity0 with isolated @entity3 less often but with outcomes and complication rates comparable to that of Level I centers. The transport of head-injured @entity0 should not bypass Level II in favor of Level I.

title: Outcomes after severe XXXX : a National @entity2 Data Bank-based comparison of Level I and Level II @entity2 centers.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Severely head-injured @entity0 require significant resources across the continuum of care. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the level of @entity2 center designation on the outcome of the severely head-injured @entity0 . The National @entity2 Data Bank between 2001 and 2006 (NTDB 6.2) was queried for all @entity0 with isolated @entity3 and Glasgow @entity4 Score (GCS) less than 9. Comparisons between Level I and Level II @entity2 centers were made reviewing hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit LOS, ventilator days, major complication rate ( @entity6 , @entity1 , lower extremity @entity5 ), mortality, and discharge status. Chi-square and Student t tests were used to determine statistical significance defined as P < 0.05. There were 31,736 @entity0 from 258 facilities who met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Level I @entity2 centers had approximately twice as many @entity0 admissions as Level II centers. However, the severity of @entity2 and @entity0 ' characteristics identified by the emergency department GCS as well as the probability of survival score showed no difference between Level I and Level II centers. The comparisons between Level I and Level II @entity2 centers shows that Level II centers are not inferior to Level I in terms of outcomes and complication rate. Level II @entity2 centers encounter @entity0 with isolated @entity3 less often but with outcomes and complication rates comparable to that of Level I centers. The transport of head-injured @entity0 should not bypass Level II in favor of Level I.

title: Outcomes after severe @entity3 : a National XXXX Data Bank-based comparison of Level I and Level II @entity2 centers.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Severely head-injured @entity0 require significant resources across the continuum of care. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the level of @entity2 center designation on the outcome of the severely head-injured @entity0 . The National @entity2 Data Bank between 2001 and 2006 (NTDB 6.2) was queried for all @entity0 with isolated @entity3 and Glasgow @entity4 Score (GCS) less than 9. Comparisons between Level I and Level II @entity2 centers were made reviewing hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit LOS, ventilator days, major complication rate ( @entity6 , @entity1 , lower extremity @entity5 ), mortality, and discharge status. Chi-square and Student t tests were used to determine statistical significance defined as P < 0.05. There were 31,736 @entity0 from 258 facilities who met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Level I @entity2 centers had approximately twice as many @entity0 admissions as Level II centers. However, the severity of @entity2 and @entity0 ' characteristics identified by the emergency department GCS as well as the probability of survival score showed no difference between Level I and Level II centers. The comparisons between Level I and Level II @entity2 centers shows that Level II centers are not inferior to Level I in terms of outcomes and complication rate. Level II @entity2 centers encounter @entity0 with isolated @entity3 less often but with outcomes and complication rates comparable to that of Level I centers. The transport of head-injured @entity0 should not bypass Level II in favor of Level I.

title: Outcomes after severe @entity3 : a National @entity2 Data Bank-based comparison of Level I and Level II XXXX centers.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The complete @entity2 sequence of a DNA- and heparin-binding domain isolated by limited thermolysin digestion of @entity0 plasma fibronectin has been obtained. The domain contains 90 @entity5 with a calculated molecular weight of 10,225. The apparent molecular mass of this domain is 14 kDa when analyzed by @entity6 -gel electrophoresis. The anomalously high molecular size estimation may be due to the inaccuracy of this method in the low range. The structure was established from microsequence analysis of the chymotryptic, tryptic, and @entity3 protease peptides. The molecular ion of each of the chymotryptic peptides was obtained by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The domain has a preponderance of basic residues with a net charge of +5 at neutral pH. The basic nature of the domain may account for its affinity for the polyanions, DNA and heparin. The predicted secondary structure is beta-sheet, in common with all of the type III internal sequence homology structures obtained for fibronectin so far. The location of the domain in fibronectin was made possible by limited thermolysin digestion and identification of the fragments and by comparison of the sequence of the 14-kDa fragment with the partial structure of @entity1 plasma fibronectin. The domain comprises residues 585-675 and defines a region immediately adjacent to the collagen-binding domain. Numbering domains beginning at the @entity4 terminus, this domain is Domain III after the fibrin/heparin/actin/ @entity3 binding Domain I and the collagen-binding Domain II. The domain was obtained from a larger precursor (56 kDa) which bound heparin, DNA, and gelatin. Further digestion of the 56-kDa fragment gave rise to a 40-kDa fragment which only bound gelatin, and a 14-kDa fragment which only bound heparin or DNA. The 14-kDa fragment (Domain III) marks the beginning of the type III homology region in fibronectin, for there may be up to 15 repeats of 90 @entity5 . The size of this domain corresponds to one repeat of 90 @entity5 and it has some sequence homology to the other type III sequences found thus far in fibronectin.

title: Primary structure of a DNA- and heparin-binding domain (Domain III) in XXXX plasma fibronectin.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: For the prevention of re-rupture during early healing phase, the primary repair strength of repaired lacerated tendons in hand surgery should be maximal and the reconstructed diameter minimal. Two new repair methods (small hook thread and internal splint) were assessed for strength and reconstructed diameter characteristics. METHODS: Achilles tendons of 43 female New Zealand White @entity0 were sectioned 2 cm above the calcaneus. Specimens were divided into 7 groups and repaired as follows: Kirchmayr method 2-strand with 4.0 @entity1 thread; Becker method 4-strand; 6-strand; internal splint; Kirchmayr method small @entity2 -strand; Becker method small hook 4-strand, non-modified tendon. Load until failure, load until gap formation, gap length, cross-sectional area and failure stress were determined. FINDINGS: The small @entity2 -strand suture had 1.3 fold higher loads until failure compared to a conventional 2-strand suture, P<0.05. The internal splint had a similar load until failure (22 N (SD 6)) as the conventional 2-strand suture (23 N (SD 4)); around half the load until failure of the conventional 4-strand suture (38 N (SD 9)). Load until gap formation correlated positively with load until failure (y=0.65+3.6; r(2)=0.72). The running suture increased the cross-sectional area at the repair site by a factor of 1.3. INTERPRETATION: Using a small hook thread instead of a 4.0 @entity1 thread significantly increases the primary repair strength with the same number of strands. Internal splints may be an alternative to conventional 2-strand sutures for bridging large gaps.

title: Small hook thread (Quill) and soft felt internal splint to increase the primary repair strength of lacerated XXXX Achilles tendons: biomechanical analysis and considerations for hand surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: During the past ten years, we have surgically managed seven neonates who developed total occlusion of the distal aorta due to umbilical artery catheters. All @entity0 experienced symptoms of @entity3 . Five @entity0 presented with severe @entity2 , and all of these had aortorenal involvement: three @entity0 had aortorenal @entity4 and two @entity0 had @entity4 with suprarenal extension of @entity4 . Two @entity0 had aortoiliac @entity4 with clot confined to the infrarenal aorta. @entity4 imposes an additional severe hemodynamic insult in these already seriously ill @entity0 . Survival in this group of @entity0 depends upon prompt recognition of this problem, effective surgical correction, and careful perioperative management. Our experience suggests that this diagnosis should be entertained in the @entity0 presenting suddenly with @entity3 , @entity2 , or lower limb @entity1 after umbilical artery catheterization. The diagnosis is preferably confirmed by real-time ultrasound and/or radionuclide flow scan, although aortography may sometimes be necessary. Surgical management includes early transabdominal aortotomy with thrombectomy. Prompt thrombectomy resulted in the survival of six @entity0 . One @entity0 died in @entity5 . Renal function and leg perfusion is satisfactory in the remaining @entity0 , although one @entity0 required later operative correction of @entity6 . Two additional @entity0 needed prolonged postoperative antihypertensive therapy for 14 to 34 months before this problem resolved. Long-term follow-up is necessary for managing @entity6 and monitoring lower extremity perfusion.

title: Management of aortic XXXX secondary to umbilical artery catheters in neonates.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Advanced neuroimaging techniques have been increasingly applied to the study of preterm and term @entity0 in an effort to further define the functional cerebral architecture of the developing brain. Despite improved understanding of the complex relationship between structure and function obtained through these investigations, significant questions remain regarding the nature, location, and timing of the maturational changes which occur during early development. Functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) utilizes spontaneous, low frequency (< 0.1 Hz), coherent fluctuations in blood @entity1 level dependent (BOLD) signal to identify networks of functional cerebral connections. Due to the intrinsic characteristics of its image acquisition and analysis, fcMRI offers a novel neuroimaging approach well suited to investigation of @entity0 . Recently, this methodology has been successfully applied to examine neonatal populations, defining normative patterns of large-scale neural network development in the maturing brain. The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) identified in these studies reflect the evolving cerebral structural architecture, presumably driven by varied genetic and environmental influences. Principal features of these investigations and their role in characterization of the tenets of neural network development during this critical developmental period are highlighted in this review. Despite these successes, optimal methods for fcMRI data acquisition and analysis for this population have not yet been defined. Further, appropriate schemes for interpretation and translation of fcMRI results remain unknown, a matter of increasing importance as functional neuroimaging findings are progressively applied in the clinical arena. Notwithstanding these concerns, fcMRI provides insight into the earliest forms of cerebral connectivity and therefore holds great promise for future neurodevelopmental investigations.

title: Functional connectivity MRI in XXXX : exploration of the functional organization of the developing brain.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We have examined the ontogeny of @entity1 -, Glucagon-, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide-, Substance P-, @entity3 , and @entity2 gene-related peptide-Iike structures in the @entity0 retina by immunocytochemistry. Neuroblastic cells containing Substance P-Iike immunoreactivity (IR) first appeared at embryonic day 5 in the peripheral portion of the retina. Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was detected as early as embryonic day 11 in the innermost level of the inner neuroblastic layer. The distribution pattern of amacrine cells containing Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide-Iike immunoreactivity was similar to that for @entity3 - and @entity2 gene-related peptide-Iike immunoreactive cells. These three types of IR cell appeared at embryonic day 13. Glucagon-like immunoreactive cells first appeared in the retina at embryonic day 15, in the innermost part of the inner nuclear layer. From the 13th to 15th day of incubation, the number and intensity of @entity2 gene-related peptide-, @entity1 -, @entity3 - and Substance P-Iike immunoreactive cells increased and then decreased progressively before hatching. Glucagon immunoreactive cells increased in number on the last day before hatching. After embryonic day 15, the amacrine cells containing Vasoactive intestinal peptide-Iike immunoreactivity decreased notably in number. Our study showed that development of these immunoreactive structures was different for each neuropeptide. These differences in development may reflect the diverse neurophysiological roles of these neuroactive peptides, which could act as neurotransmitters/neuromodulators at the @entity0 retinal level. Their presence may indicate roles as neuronal differentiation or growth factors.

title: Ontogenic attendance of neuropeptides in the embryo XXXX retina.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 antibiotics are always a mixture of structurally related amino @entity2 , which do not have a chromophore or fluorophore. The aim of the study was to find one method for evaluation of the components and impurities of the antibiotics. Derivatization with @entity10 and @entity11 is found to be appropriate for all antibiotics. The components of @entity0 (GM), @entity9 , @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity4 , and @entity1 were tried to separate by means of micellar electrokinetic chromatography. The background electrolyte was composed of @entity12 (100 mM, pH 10.0), @entity6 (20 mM), and @entity8 (15 mM). This method is valid for evaluation of GM, @entity7 , and @entity1 . It has to be improved for @entity4 and @entity5 . In addition, 46 bulk samples of GM of different manufacturer or pharmaceutical companies were investigated. Many samples were found to contain many minor products and different amounts. Beside different patterns of the main compounds GM C1, GM @entity13 , GM C2a, and GM C2, many lots were found consisting of a substantial number of minor products. The appearance of a high number of minor products is always associated with the existence of @entity9 , which is not found in "pure" samples. However, almost all samples met the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia (EP) and United States Pharmacopoeia (USP).

title: A new micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography method for separation of the components of the XXXX antibiotics.

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study used a mail survey to determine the (a) percentage of @entity0 who stutter with co-occurring @entity5 , @entity5 , and @entity2 , and (b) frequency, length of sessions, and type of treatment services provided for @entity0 who stutter with co-occurring disorders. Respondents from a nationwide sample included 1184 speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Of the 2628 @entity0 who stuttered, 62.8% had other co-occurring @entity5 , @entity2 , or non-speech- @entity2 . @entity4 (33.5%) and phonology disorders (12.7%) were the most frequently reported co-occurring @entity5 . Only 34.3% of the @entity0 who stuttered had co-occurring non-speech- @entity2 . Of those @entity0 with co-occurring non-speech- @entity2 , @entity3 (15.2%), literacy disorders (8.2%), and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (5.9%) were the most frequently reported. Chi-square analyses revealed that males were more likely to exhibit co-occurring @entity5 than females, especially articulation and phonology. Co-occurring non-speech- @entity2 were also significantly higher in males than females. Treatment decisions by SLPs are also discussed. LEARNING OUTCOMES: As a result of this activity, the @entity0 should: (1) have a better understanding of the co-occurring @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity5 in @entity0 who stutter; (2) identify the @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity5 with the highest frequency of occurrence in @entity0 who stutter; and (3) be aware of the subgroups of @entity0 with co-occurring disorders and their potential impact on assessment and treatment.

title: Co-occurring disorders in XXXX who stutter.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a commercial immunoblot (IgG and IgM BAG-Borrelia blot) in the serologic diagnosis of the early stages of @entity3 . A total of 42 sera from @entity0 with @entity3 (24 @entity0 with localized early stage (LES) and 18 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 )) and 129 sera from @entity0 with non-Lyme diseases (specificity control sera) were studied. IgG anti- @entity4 from @entity2 s.l. was present in 95.2% of @entity0 followed by anti- @entity4 /I PBi (16.7%), anti- @entity5 (9.5%) and anti-OspA (9.5%). IgM anti- @entity4 was present in 66.7% of @entity0 , @entity4 /iPBi (54.8%) and OspC (33.3%). IgM against @entity5 , OspA and OspC were more frequent in @entity1 @entity0 (16.7%, 27.8% and 44.4%) than in LES @entity0 (0.0%, 4.2% and 25.0%). In 4.8% of the cases no IgG bands were present and in 26.2% no IgM bands were present. With the exception of isolated @entity4 bands (59.5%), no band pattern exceeded 17%. Using manufacturer's instructions, test sensitivity in diagnosis of the early stage of @entity3 is 61.9%, specificity 98.4% and positive and negative predictive values 92.8% and 88.8% respectively. Applying the EUCALB 5, 6 or 7 rules sensitivity increased to 73.8% although specificity decreased to 89.9%. Of the 129 specific control sera, 41.8% presented IgG anti- @entity4 and 10.8% IgM anti- @entity4 . @entity0 with non-Lyme diseases that presented more IgG and IgM bands were those @entity0 with syphilis (88.2%), patients with anti-HIV antibodies (57.8%) and patients with anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) (52.3%).

title: Utility of a commercial immunoblot kit (BAG-Borrelia blot) in the diagnosis of the preliminary stages of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A plant powder called "Mara   Powder" has been used widely instead of cigarette in the South-Eastern region of @entity2 . It was confirmed that this powder has been made of @entity3 N. rustica L. Our aim was to investigate whether the use of Mara   Powder is as harmful as cigarette smoking or not. METHODS: Forty-five Mara   Powder users (Group I), 32 @entity0 who smoked cigarette (control-Group II) and 30 healthy @entity0 neither smoking nor using Mara   Powder (Group III) were included into the study. Laboratory investigations, electrocardiography and echocardiography were performed in all @entity0 of the study. For evaluation of the ventricular repolarization parameters, 50 mm/sec ECG recordings were used. Echocardiographic investigation was performed for assessment systolic and diastolic function. RESULTS: No differences were found by means of ventricular repolarization parameters among the three groups (p>0.05). Echocardiographic investigation revealed similar systolic function results in all of the three groups. There was reduced early filling velocity of the left ventricle (p=0.03, p=0.02) and increased filling velocity of the atrial component (p=0.02, p=0.02) in group I and group II. When they were compared to group III, deceleration time was also increased (p<0.01, p<0.01). Isovolumetric relaxation time was higher in group I and group II than that of group III (p=0.02, p=0.03). In group I and group II, total @entity1 (p=0.03, p=0.02), LDL- @entity1 (p<0.01, p<0.01) and @entity4 levels (p<0.01, p<0.01) were found to be higher than those of group III, whereas HDL levels were lower (p=0.02, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: As a result, we thought that Mara   Powder is as harmful as cigarette smoking and it has similar negative effects on cardiovascular system. In our opinion, "Mara   Powder" is a smokeless @entity3 use.

title: Effects of using a different kind of smokeless XXXX on cardiac parameters: "Mara   Powder".

answer: @entity3


abstract: In the adult nervous system, glutamatergic neurotransmission is tightly controlled by neuron-glia interactions through glial @entity2 reuptake by the specific transporters @entity3 and @entity4 . Here, we have explored the role of these transporters in the structural and functional maturation of the somatosensory cortex of the @entity0 . We provide evidence that @entity3 and @entity4 are early and selectively expressed in barrels from P5 to P10. Confocal and electron microscopy confirm that the expression is restricted to the astroglial membrane. By P12, and despite an increased global expression as observed by immunoblotting, the barrel pattern of @entity4 and @entity3 staining is no longer evident. In P10 @entity3 -/- and @entity4 -/- @entity0 , the cytoarchitectural segregation of the barrels is preserved. However, at P9-10, the functional response to whisker stimulation, measured by @entity1 uptake, is markedly decreased in @entity3 -/- and @entity4 -/- @entity0 . The role of @entity4 is transient since the metabolic response is already restored at P11-12 in @entity4 -/- @entity0 and remains unchanged in adulthood. However, deletion of @entity3 seems to impair the functional metabolic response until adulthood. Our data suggest that astrocyte-neuron interactions via the glial @entity2 transporters are involved in the functional maturation of the whisker representation in the somatosensory cortex.

title: Glial XXXX transporters and maturation of the @entity0 somatosensory cortex.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the adult nervous system, glutamatergic neurotransmission is tightly controlled by neuron-glia interactions through glial @entity2 reuptake by the specific transporters @entity3 and @entity4 . Here, we have explored the role of these transporters in the structural and functional maturation of the somatosensory cortex of the @entity0 . We provide evidence that @entity3 and @entity4 are early and selectively expressed in barrels from P5 to P10. Confocal and electron microscopy confirm that the expression is restricted to the astroglial membrane. By P12, and despite an increased global expression as observed by immunoblotting, the barrel pattern of @entity4 and @entity3 staining is no longer evident. In P10 @entity3 -/- and @entity4 -/- @entity0 , the cytoarchitectural segregation of the barrels is preserved. However, at P9-10, the functional response to whisker stimulation, measured by @entity1 uptake, is markedly decreased in @entity3 -/- and @entity4 -/- @entity0 . The role of @entity4 is transient since the metabolic response is already restored at P11-12 in @entity4 -/- @entity0 and remains unchanged in adulthood. However, deletion of @entity3 seems to impair the functional metabolic response until adulthood. Our data suggest that astrocyte-neuron interactions via the glial @entity2 transporters are involved in the functional maturation of the whisker representation in the somatosensory cortex.

title: Glial @entity2 transporters and maturation of the XXXX somatosensory cortex.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: The authors present the novel and successful use of an air-filled breast prosthesis for extra pelvic exclusion of small bowel to facilitate adjuvant radiotherapy following resection of recurrent @entity3 of the ascending bowel. The therapeutic use of radiotherapy in @entity4 can cause acute or @entity1 . Mobile small bowel can be sequestered in 'dead space' or by adhesions exposing it to adjuvant radiotherapy. A variety of pelvic partitioning methods have been described to exclude bowel from radiation fields using both native and prosthetic materials. METHOD: In this case a 68 year old presented with ascending @entity4 invading the peritoneum and underwent en bloc peritoneal resection. Thirty-seven months later surveillance CT identified a local recurrence. Subsequent resection resulted in a large iliacus @entity2 which would sequester small bowel loops thus exposing the @entity0 to radiation @entity5 . The lateral position of the defect precluded the use of traditional pelvic partitioning methods which would be unlikely to remain in place long enough to allow radiotherapy. A lightweight air-filled breast prosthesis (Allergan 133 FV 750 cms) secured in place with an omentoplasty was used to fill the defect. RESULTS: Following well tolerated radiotherapy the prosthesis was deflated under ultrasound guidance and removed via a 7-cm transverse incision above the right iliac crest. The @entity0 is disease free 18 months later with no evidence of treatment related morbidity. CONCLUSION: The use of a malleable air-filled prosthesis for pelvic partitioning allows specific tailoring of the prosthesis size and shape for individual @entity0 defects. It is also lightweight enough to be secured in place using an omentoplasty to prevent movement related prosthesis migration. In the absence of adequate omentum a mesh sling may be considered to allow fixation. In this case the anatomy of the prosthesis position allowed for its removal without the need for repeat laparotomy. Pre-operative deflation of the air-filled prosthesis under ultrasound guidance also reduces the size of the incision required for removal. This technique may be valuable to prevent collateral small bowel irradiation following resection of renal or retroperitoneal malignancy.

title: Novel use of an air-filled breast prosthesis to allow radiotherapy to recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A @entity5 in @entity6 is frequently closely related to the cardiac valves. The valvar function after arterial switch operation of @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity5 or intact ventricular septum was compared. We analysed the function of all cardiac valves in @entity0 who underwent the arterial switch operations pre- and post-operatively, 1 year after the procedure and on follow-up. The study included 92 @entity0 - 64 with @entity6 /intact ventricular septum and 28 with @entity6 / @entity5 . The median age at surgery was 5.5 days in @entity6 /intact ventricular septum (0-73 days) and 7.0 days in @entity6 / @entity5 (4-41 days). Follow-up was 51.7 months in @entity6 /intact ventricular septum (3.3-177.3 months) and 55 months in @entity6 / @entity5 (14.6-164.7 months). Neo-aortic, neo-pulmonary, and mitral valvar function did not differ. @entity4 was more frequent 1 year post-operatively in @entity6 / @entity5 (n = 4) than in @entity6 /intact ventricular septum. The prevalence of @entity1 and @entity3 increased over time, especially in @entity0 with @entity6 /intact ventricular septum. The presence of a @entity5 in @entity0 undergoing arterial switch operation for @entity6 only has a minor bearing for the development of @entity2 on the longer follow-up.

title: Is the function of all cardiac valves after the arterial switch operation influenced by an associated XXXX ?

answer: @entity5


abstract: The heterogeneity of astrocytes is of growing interest, because this information is now considered to be crucial for understanding the diverse roles of astrocytes, for example, support and nutrition for neurons, and modulation of synaptic plasticity. In this study, we stereologically estimated the regional and laminar differences in antigen profiles and spatial distributions of astrocytes in the young adult (2-month-old) and middle-aged (10-month-old) @entity0 hippocampus. Here we used two established astrocyte markers, that is, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 , to identify the astrocyte population. In addition, we examined the patterns of expression of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the hippocampus. The majority of astrocytes expressed @entity3 , and few regional and laminar differences were observed in the expression ratios of @entity3 in astrocytes. @entity2 -negative astrocytes were specifically seen in the strata pyramidale and lucidum of the ventral CA3 region. @entity1 -negative astrocytes were mainly found in the hilus of the dorsal and ventral dentate gyrus. Antigen profiles of astrocytes defined by @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity1 were rather constant until middle age. We then estimated the heterogeneity in spatial distributions of astrocytes. The numbers of astrocytes in the stratum lacunosum-molecular of the dorsal part of Ammon's horn were significantly larger in the middle-aged @entity0 than in young adult @entity0 . On the contrary, the astrocyte numbers in the stratum oriens of Ammon's horn showed significant age-dependent decline. Despite such changes, the total number of astrocytes in the whole area of the hippocampus showed no differences between young adult and middle-aged @entity0 . The present data may work as an essential anatomical reference to understand the heterogeneity of astrocytes in the hippocampus.

title: Regional and laminar differences in antigen profiles and spatial distributions of astrocytes in the XXXX hippocampus, with reference to aging.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A review of more than 181 reported cases of free perforation in @entity1 yielded 84 cases that fulfilled rigorous criteria for classification as spontaneous free perforation with generalized @entity3 . An additional 15 cases from The Mount Sinai Hospital, derived from a population of 1010 @entity0 with @entity1 , bring the total number to 99. Separately tabulated are 116 other cases either occurring in bypassed segments, developing after surgery, presenting with @entity4 , or not definitively documented. Most reported perforations in the literature occurred in the distal small bowel. Among the @entity1 @entity0 in our hospital, however, the incidence of @entity5 were 1.6 and 0.7%, respectively, with the highest frequency actually occurring in diseased segments of jejunum (2/50 = 4%). Free perforation was the presenting manifestation of the disease in 25 of the 84 reported cases. In our 15 @entity0 , although perforation was never the presenting manifestation, it tended to occur early in the course of the disease (mean 3.5 years from onset of symptoms). Ninety-six of the 99 cases were operated on. The three @entity0 treated without surgery all died. Mortality was most frequent following simple suture in the earliest reported case (39%), but considerably less frequent after resection and @entity2 (3.7%). All 18 @entity0 treated by resection and diversion survived. Immediate surgery with resection and/or diversion therefore appears to be appropriate treatment for free perforation in @entity1 .

title: Free perforation in XXXX : I. A survey of 99 cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In clinical practice, antireflux medication is given almost always empirically without pH monitorization. We aimed to evaluate the improving effect of empiric antireflux treatment on layngopharyngeal symptoms and signs in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and suspected @entity4 ( @entity4 ) according to @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: @entity3 was determined by esophagogastroduedonoscopy and biopsy in 127 @entity0 . @entity2 and @entity1 were calculated for each @entity0 . The @entity0 with a pathology other than @entity5 which may be responsible from laryngopharyngeal symptoms and signs were excluded from the study. Fifty @entity0 whom were thought to have @entity4 according to @entity2 and @entity1 comprised the study group. After 12-weeks of antireflux treatment, @entity2 and @entity1 were calculated again. The statistical analyses were made according to the changes in the severity and frequency of each symptom and sign. RESULTS: There was statistically significant improvement in @entity2 and @entity1 after treatment when compared with initial scores. There was statistically significant improvement in severity of all symptoms and signs. Although there was quantitively decrease in frequency of some signs and symptoms, complete resolution of the disease was not observed generally. CONCLUSION: Empiric antireflux treatment according to @entity2 and @entity1 is an effective method. Antireflux treatment has a significant improving effect on laryngopharyngeal symptoms and signs. There may be needed longer times of treatment for complete resolution of symptoms and signs.

title: Do the laryngopharyngeal symptoms and signs ameliorate by empiric treatment in @entity0 with suspected XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In clinical practice, antireflux medication is given almost always empirically without pH monitorization. We aimed to evaluate the improving effect of empiric antireflux treatment on layngopharyngeal symptoms and signs in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and suspected @entity4 ( @entity4 ) according to @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: @entity3 was determined by esophagogastroduedonoscopy and biopsy in 127 @entity0 . @entity2 and @entity1 were calculated for each @entity0 . The @entity0 with a pathology other than @entity5 which may be responsible from laryngopharyngeal symptoms and signs were excluded from the study. Fifty @entity0 whom were thought to have @entity4 according to @entity2 and @entity1 comprised the study group. After 12-weeks of antireflux treatment, @entity2 and @entity1 were calculated again. The statistical analyses were made according to the changes in the severity and frequency of each symptom and sign. RESULTS: There was statistically significant improvement in @entity2 and @entity1 after treatment when compared with initial scores. There was statistically significant improvement in severity of all symptoms and signs. Although there was quantitively decrease in frequency of some signs and symptoms, complete resolution of the disease was not observed generally. CONCLUSION: Empiric antireflux treatment according to @entity2 and @entity1 is an effective method. Antireflux treatment has a significant improving effect on laryngopharyngeal symptoms and signs. There may be needed longer times of treatment for complete resolution of symptoms and signs.

title: Do the laryngopharyngeal symptoms and signs ameliorate by empiric treatment in XXXX with suspected @entity4 ?

answer: @entity0


abstract: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 331 @entity0 aged 6 to 12 months received orally, at an interval of 1 month, either two doses of live attenuated @entity1 rotavirus vaccine strain RIT 4237 or equivalent placebo. The vaccinations were carried out during September to November, a non-rotavirus season; only three cases of rotavirus @entity2 occurred in the study group before the vaccinations were completed. During the @entity3 season from December to May, 31 @entity0 with clinically significant rotavirus @entity2 required therapy. Five of these were among the 168 vaccine recipients, and 26 among the 160 placebo recipients (P less than 0.001), giving a vaccine protection rate of 82%. The incidence of clinically significant @entity2 from all causes was reduced by 76% in the vaccinees. As determined by an enzyme immunoassay antibody test with homologous virus antigen, seroconversion after vaccination was obtained in 53% of the initially seronegative @entity0 . Clinical protection correlated well with seroconversion, but the vaccinees who failed to seroconvert also had less rotavirus @entity2 than the placebo recipients, suggesting that immunity may be mediated by factors other than serum EIA antibody. Seventeen of the 23 rotavirus isolates in the @entity3 season that were typed were of serotype 1, two were of serotype 2, and four were of serotype 3. The protection rates against clinically significant @entity2 were 72%, 100%, and 100% for serotypes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. We conclude that @entity4 associated with @entity0 rotaviruses can be significantly reduced by vaccination with the live attenuated RIT 4237 @entity1 rotavirus vaccine before the @entity3 season.

title: Clinical efficacy of the RIT 4237 live attenuated XXXX rotavirus vaccine in @entity0 vaccinated before a rotavirus @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 331 @entity0 aged 6 to 12 months received orally, at an interval of 1 month, either two doses of live attenuated @entity1 rotavirus vaccine strain RIT 4237 or equivalent placebo. The vaccinations were carried out during September to November, a non-rotavirus season; only three cases of rotavirus @entity2 occurred in the study group before the vaccinations were completed. During the @entity3 season from December to May, 31 @entity0 with clinically significant rotavirus @entity2 required therapy. Five of these were among the 168 vaccine recipients, and 26 among the 160 placebo recipients (P less than 0.001), giving a vaccine protection rate of 82%. The incidence of clinically significant @entity2 from all causes was reduced by 76% in the vaccinees. As determined by an enzyme immunoassay antibody test with homologous virus antigen, seroconversion after vaccination was obtained in 53% of the initially seronegative @entity0 . Clinical protection correlated well with seroconversion, but the vaccinees who failed to seroconvert also had less rotavirus @entity2 than the placebo recipients, suggesting that immunity may be mediated by factors other than serum EIA antibody. Seventeen of the 23 rotavirus isolates in the @entity3 season that were typed were of serotype 1, two were of serotype 2, and four were of serotype 3. The protection rates against clinically significant @entity2 were 72%, 100%, and 100% for serotypes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. We conclude that @entity4 associated with @entity0 rotaviruses can be significantly reduced by vaccination with the live attenuated RIT 4237 @entity1 rotavirus vaccine before the @entity3 season.

title: Clinical efficacy of the RIT 4237 live attenuated @entity1 rotavirus vaccine in @entity0 vaccinated before a rotavirus XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 331 @entity0 aged 6 to 12 months received orally, at an interval of 1 month, either two doses of live attenuated @entity1 rotavirus vaccine strain RIT 4237 or equivalent placebo. The vaccinations were carried out during September to November, a non-rotavirus season; only three cases of rotavirus @entity2 occurred in the study group before the vaccinations were completed. During the @entity3 season from December to May, 31 @entity0 with clinically significant rotavirus @entity2 required therapy. Five of these were among the 168 vaccine recipients, and 26 among the 160 placebo recipients (P less than 0.001), giving a vaccine protection rate of 82%. The incidence of clinically significant @entity2 from all causes was reduced by 76% in the vaccinees. As determined by an enzyme immunoassay antibody test with homologous virus antigen, seroconversion after vaccination was obtained in 53% of the initially seronegative @entity0 . Clinical protection correlated well with seroconversion, but the vaccinees who failed to seroconvert also had less rotavirus @entity2 than the placebo recipients, suggesting that immunity may be mediated by factors other than serum EIA antibody. Seventeen of the 23 rotavirus isolates in the @entity3 season that were typed were of serotype 1, two were of serotype 2, and four were of serotype 3. The protection rates against clinically significant @entity2 were 72%, 100%, and 100% for serotypes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. We conclude that @entity4 associated with @entity0 rotaviruses can be significantly reduced by vaccination with the live attenuated RIT 4237 @entity1 rotavirus vaccine before the @entity3 season.

title: Clinical efficacy of the RIT 4237 live attenuated @entity1 rotavirus vaccine in XXXX vaccinated before a rotavirus @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of healthcare information technology (HIT) interventions in improving adherence. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic search of randomized controlled trials of HIT interventions to improve medication adherence in @entity2 or @entity1 . METHODS: Interventions were classified as 1-way @entity0 reminder systems, 2-way interactive systems, and systems to enhance @entity0 -provider interaction. Studies were subclassified into those with and without real-time provider feedback. Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated to assess each intervention's magnitude of effectiveness. RESULTS: We identified 7190 articles, only 13 of which met inclusion criteria. The majority of included studies (54%, 7 studies) showed a very small ES. The effect size was small in 15%, large in 8%, and was not amenable to calculation in the remainder. Reminder systems were consistently effective, showing the largest effect sizes in this review. Education/counseling HIT systems were less successful, as was the addition of realtime adherence feedback to healthcare providers. Interactive systems were rudimentary and not integrated into electronic health records; they exhibited very small effect sizes. Studies aiming to improve @entity0 -provider communication also had very small effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS: There is a paucity of data about HIT's efficacy in improving adherence to medications for @entity2 and @entity1 , although simple @entity0 reminder systems appear effective. Future studies should focus on more sophisticated interactive interventions that expand the functionality and capabilities of HIT and better engage @entity0 in care.

title: Healthcare information technology interventions to improve cardiovascular and XXXX medication adherence.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The most common variety of @entity5 , a @entity1 , is frequently associated with a so-called @entity2 . Previous studies have suggested that @entity5 associated with an @entity2 tend to spontaneously decrease in size or close more than defects without such an @entity2 . To better define the natural history of this entity, clinical and catheterization data from 87 @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity2 were reviewed. The initial evaluation was made at a median age of 0.3 years (range 0.1 to 11), with the final evaluation at a median age of 10 years (range 1.5 to 20) and a median duration of follow-up of 8.6 years (range 1.2 to 18.8). Approximately 75% of the @entity5 had a small or no @entity4 at last evaluation. Overall, 48 @entity0 (55%) had no significant change in the size of the defect, and 39 (45%) showed improvement during the period of observation. Only four @entity0 (5%) had spontaneous closure of the defect. Of the 49 @entity0 who presented with a large @entity4 , with or without @entity3 , 23 (47%) had persistence of a shunt large enough to warrant surgery. When spontaneous improvement occurred, it did so by 6 years of age in all but one @entity0 . Therefore, a continued tendency for a @entity5 associated with an @entity2 to spontaneously decrease in size or close after this age may be less likely than previously suggested.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity5 associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The most common variety of @entity5 , a @entity1 , is frequently associated with a so-called @entity2 . Previous studies have suggested that @entity5 associated with an @entity2 tend to spontaneously decrease in size or close more than defects without such an @entity2 . To better define the natural history of this entity, clinical and catheterization data from 87 @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity2 were reviewed. The initial evaluation was made at a median age of 0.3 years (range 0.1 to 11), with the final evaluation at a median age of 10 years (range 1.5 to 20) and a median duration of follow-up of 8.6 years (range 1.2 to 18.8). Approximately 75% of the @entity5 had a small or no @entity4 at last evaluation. Overall, 48 @entity0 (55%) had no significant change in the size of the defect, and 39 (45%) showed improvement during the period of observation. Only four @entity0 (5%) had spontaneous closure of the defect. Of the 49 @entity0 who presented with a large @entity4 , with or without @entity3 , 23 (47%) had persistence of a shunt large enough to warrant surgery. When spontaneous improvement occurred, it did so by 6 years of age in all but one @entity0 . Therefore, a continued tendency for a @entity5 associated with an @entity2 to spontaneously decrease in size or close after this age may be less likely than previously suggested.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX associated with @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The records of 90 @entity0 with @entity8 who presented with @entity9 in the first 4 months of life were reviewed. Among these, 63% were male. @entity2 was present in 20%, most commonly @entity10 . All @entity0 presented with a regular narrow QRS @entity3 , and pre-excitation became evident only when normal sinus rhythm was established. Only one @entity0 had @entity5 and none had @entity4 . Type A @entity8 was most common (49%), with @entity2 occurring in only 5% of these @entity0 . In contrast, @entity2 was identified in 45% of those with @entity6 . Initially, normal sinus rhythm was achieved in 88% of the 66 @entity0 treated with digoxin with no deaths. Normal sinus rhythm resumed after electrical countershock in 87% of the 15 @entity0 so treated. Maintenance digoxin therapy was used in 85 @entity0 . The @entity8 disappeared in 36% of the @entity0 . Four @entity0 died of cardiac causes during the mean follow-up period of 6.5 years. Two of these four @entity0 had @entity2 ; the third, with a normal heart initially, developed @entity7 and died from a @entity1 considered related to resuscitation. The remaining @entity0 , with a normal heart, died suddenly at 1 month of age. All were receiving digoxin. A wide QRS @entity3 later appeared in three @entity0 , all with @entity2 , one of whom died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX and @entity9 during infancy: management and follow-up.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The records of 90 @entity0 with @entity8 who presented with @entity9 in the first 4 months of life were reviewed. Among these, 63% were male. @entity2 was present in 20%, most commonly @entity10 . All @entity0 presented with a regular narrow QRS @entity3 , and pre-excitation became evident only when normal sinus rhythm was established. Only one @entity0 had @entity5 and none had @entity4 . Type A @entity8 was most common (49%), with @entity2 occurring in only 5% of these @entity0 . In contrast, @entity2 was identified in 45% of those with @entity6 . Initially, normal sinus rhythm was achieved in 88% of the 66 @entity0 treated with digoxin with no deaths. Normal sinus rhythm resumed after electrical countershock in 87% of the 15 @entity0 so treated. Maintenance digoxin therapy was used in 85 @entity0 . The @entity8 disappeared in 36% of the @entity0 . Four @entity0 died of cardiac causes during the mean follow-up period of 6.5 years. Two of these four @entity0 had @entity2 ; the third, with a normal heart initially, developed @entity7 and died from a @entity1 considered related to resuscitation. The remaining @entity0 , with a normal heart, died suddenly at 1 month of age. All were receiving digoxin. A wide QRS @entity3 later appeared in three @entity0 , all with @entity2 , one of whom died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity8 and XXXX during infancy: management and follow-up.

answer: @entity9


abstract: In a randomized controlled study examining the value of an intramuscular injection of @entity6 in the prehospitalization phase of suspected @entity1 , paramedics used an automatic injector to administer 400 mg of the drug into the @entity0 's deltoid muscle before transport to the hospital. In a 33-month period, 7026 @entity0 with acute @entity2 were seen. Of the 6024 @entity0 randomized (2987 to the @entity6 group and 3037 to the control group), 1935 (32 per cent) proved to have an @entity1 . In the entire 60-minute period of observation by continuous electrocardiography, primary @entity5 was observed in 8 treated and 17 control @entity0 (P = 0.08). However, from 15 minutes after randomization onward, when plasma @entity6 levels were in the therapeutic range, only 2 cases of @entity5 occurred in the treated group, as compared with 12 in the control group (P less than 0.01). @entity3 terminated a mean of 10 minutes after injection in six of nine @entity6 -treated @entity0 with @entity1 but in none of five control @entity0 with @entity4 (P less than 0.02). Mean plasma @entity6 levels were 3 micrograms per milliliter 11 to 20 minutes after injection in 369 consecutive @entity0 . In 65 @entity0 , levels were below 2 micrograms per milliliter, and in 15 @entity0 , levels were above 6 micrograms per milliliter. Side effects were rare and did not contribute to mortality. We conclude that intramuscular @entity6 may be useful if given by a paramedic, another @entity0 , or the @entity0 himself when @entity1 is suspected outside the hospital.

title: Intramuscular XXXX for prevention of lethal arrhythmias in the prehospitalization phase of @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: In a randomized controlled study examining the value of an intramuscular injection of @entity6 in the prehospitalization phase of suspected @entity1 , paramedics used an automatic injector to administer 400 mg of the drug into the @entity0 's deltoid muscle before transport to the hospital. In a 33-month period, 7026 @entity0 with acute @entity2 were seen. Of the 6024 @entity0 randomized (2987 to the @entity6 group and 3037 to the control group), 1935 (32 per cent) proved to have an @entity1 . In the entire 60-minute period of observation by continuous electrocardiography, primary @entity5 was observed in 8 treated and 17 control @entity0 (P = 0.08). However, from 15 minutes after randomization onward, when plasma @entity6 levels were in the therapeutic range, only 2 cases of @entity5 occurred in the treated group, as compared with 12 in the control group (P less than 0.01). @entity3 terminated a mean of 10 minutes after injection in six of nine @entity6 -treated @entity0 with @entity1 but in none of five control @entity0 with @entity4 (P less than 0.02). Mean plasma @entity6 levels were 3 micrograms per milliliter 11 to 20 minutes after injection in 369 consecutive @entity0 . In 65 @entity0 , levels were below 2 micrograms per milliliter, and in 15 @entity0 , levels were above 6 micrograms per milliliter. Side effects were rare and did not contribute to mortality. We conclude that intramuscular @entity6 may be useful if given by a paramedic, another @entity0 , or the @entity0 himself when @entity1 is suspected outside the hospital.

title: Intramuscular @entity6 for prevention of lethal arrhythmias in the prehospitalization phase of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Thirty @entity0 found to have @entity1 at second-look laparotomy were treated with whole abdominal radiation as salvage therapy. Dosage fractions were 120 rad per day until 3000 rad were delivered, then the pelvis was boosted to 5000 rad at 180 rad per day. Fourteen @entity0 (47%) completed therapy without interruption and seven (23%) completed therapy with interruptions due to myelosuppression ranging from one to four weeks. Therapy was not completed in nine @entity0 (30%). Four of 16 @entity0 (25%) with microscopic @entity2 before radiation remain alive and free of disease at 22 to 41 months. Two of six (33%) @entity0 with minimal (less than or equal to 5 mm) @entity2 remain alive and free of disease 19 to 40 months after radiation treatment. @entity0 with residual nodules greater than 5 mm uniformly did poorly. @entity0 who progressed on primary chemotherapy had a median survival of seven months, compared with more than 38 months for chemotherapy responders. @entity3 was a significant problem, with 30% of @entity0 surviving at least four months from completion of radiation requiring laparotomy for @entity4 . These preliminary results suggest that whole abdominal radiation may be useful in the management of @entity0 who have responded to primary chemotherapy, but the benefit is confined to those @entity0 who have minimal or microscopic disease at second-look laparotomy.

title: Whole abdominal radiation as salvage therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Non-sustained @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in the late post @entity2 ( @entity2 ) period (7-21 days) has been reported to be a predictor of @entity4 . We suspected that @entity0 with 3 beat @entity5 on Holter monitoring in the late @entity6 period would demonstrate electrical instability at electrophysiologic studies. Forty-seven @entity0 were identified as having at least 3 beat @entity5 on Holter monitoring. Eighteen @entity0 refused electrophysiologic studies or were not referred by their attending physician. The mean ejection fraction of this group was 43 +/- 16%. Eight @entity0 have died, 3 sudden deaths in 13 +/- 5 months, a 17% incidence of @entity4 . Twenty-nine @entity0 underwent invasive electrophysiologic studies. Their mean ejection fraction was 37 +/- 7%, and 28 had inducible, 18 sustained @entity5 and 10 non-sustained @entity5 . No complications were noted with electrophysiological testing in the post @entity6 @entity0 . Using programmed electrical stimulation studies an effective antiarrhythmic agent preventing @entity5 induction (usually experimental) could be found for each @entity0 . After a mean follow-up of 12.5 +/- 4 months, the @entity0 without inducible @entity5 is alive and 26 of the 28 "inducible" @entity0 are alive and well. Two @entity0 died, one of @entity1 and one due to pump failure following a second @entity2 . No sudden deaths were observed in this group. Two @entity0 had @entity3 and were treated by alternative antiarrhythmic therapy that was also effective at the initial electrophysiologic studies. Thus, PES studies post @entity2 are safe and may be an effective way to assess therapy for @entity0 in the early post @entity2 period, identified at high risk for @entity4 .

title: Therapy for late post XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity6