abstract: Currently numerous clinical trials are in progress utilizing intracarotid (i.c.) @entity6 (BCNU) for the treatment of @entity1 based upon the proposed focal nature of these @entity0 and the assumption that the i.c. route delivers higher levels of drug to the @entity0 . To date, however, increased efficacy in an animal model has not been clearly demonstrated for the i.c. delivery of BCNU. We have evaluated the dose-response curve for the i.v. and i.c. administration of @entity6 in a commonly utilized experimental @entity4 model, the 9L @entity2 @entity5 . An initial @entity3 trial utilizing the i.p. 10% lethal dose (LD10) of BCNU by the i.v. and i.c. routes failed to demonstrate any significance in @entity3 between the two routes. Tumor-bearing animals were then treated on Day 15-16 after @entity0 inoculations with 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the LD10 dose by either the i.v. or the i.c. route. Both i.v. and i.c. BCNU gave maximum survival increases at 75-100% LD10 doses, and there was no therapeutic advantage seen from i.c. delivery. However, at 50% of the LD10 dose (6.65 mg/kg), triplicate experiments demonstrated that the i.c. but not the i.v. dose maintained maximum efficacy equivalent to 100% of the LD10 given either i.v. or i.c. When the dose was reduced to 25% of the LD10 dose (3.33 mg/kg), two of three experiments showed efficacy of the i.c. delivery of this lower drug dosage to be equivalent to 100% of the LD10 given i.v. or i.c. The i.v. dosage resulted in a significant reduction in survival in all three trials. At 10% of the LD10 dose (1.30 mg/kg), neither the i.v. nor the i.c. administration retained equivalent efficacy to 100% of the LD10. However, in one of two trials, the i.c. groups had statistically better survival than controls, while in neither experiment was any advantage over controls seen in the i.v. treated groups. At 1% of the LD10 dose, neither the i.v. nor the i.c. route demonstrated any therapeutic efficacy. From our data, the advantage of the i.c. delivery of BCNU in the intracranial 9L @entity2 @entity5 appears to be in the fact that significantly lower dosages than those given i.v. may be utilized to achieve equivalent survival with potentially less systemic @entity3 .

title: Comparison of intravenous versus intracarotid therapy with @entity6 in a XXXX @entity4 model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: Modern chemoradiotherapy used for the treatment of @entity2 has significant acute @entity3 . Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) may reduce these side-effects. We report our experience implementing IMRT with simultaneous boost at the @entity2 Centre and Royal North Shore Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively collected acute @entity3 data on all consecutive @entity0 treated definitively with IMRT between January 2008 and December 2011. @entity0 received concurrent @entity5 and @entity4 . The radiotherapy dose varied by stage in accordance with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0529 protocol. The first 30 plans were evaluated for adherence to RTOG 0529 dose specifications. Locoregional control and survival outcomes were analysed in July 2014. RESULTS: We included 42 @entity0 (stage I 12%; II 41%; III 45%) with a median follow-up time of 43 months. At 3 years the locoregional control was 94% (95% confidence interval: 78-99), overall survival was 92% (95% confidence interval: 78-97), disease-free survival was 89% (95% confidence interval: 73-96), @entity1 -free survival was 89% (95% confidence interval: 73-96) and colostomy-free survival was 89% (95% confidence interval: 72-96). There was no acute grade 4 @entity3 . Acute grade 3 @entity3 rates were: dermatological (33%), gastrointestinal (14%) and haematological (19%). Twenty-six per cent of @entity0 were hospitalised for treatment-related @entity3 . Only 12% required a treatment break greater than 3 days. All @entity0 achieved RTOG 0529 planning target volume dose specifications. Most critical organ dose constraints were either met or met with minor deviation. The exception was 76% major deviation in small bowel constraints. Despite this no increase in gastrointestinal @entity3 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: IMRT with simultaneous integrated boost is safe and well tolerated in an unselected population. Most dose specifications are achievable. Excellent locoregional control and survival outcomes are achievable outside of a clinical trial setting.

title: Implementing Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy with Simultaneous Integrated Boost for XXXX : 3 Year Outcomes at Two Sydney Institutions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. No cure currently exists for @entity2 , which cause @entity3 in millions of @entity0 worldwide. Electrical retinal prostheses have been developed by several groups with the goal of restoring vision lost to these diseases, but electrical stimulation has limitations. It excites both somas and axons, activating retinal pathways nonphysiologically, and limits spatial resolution because of current spread. Chemical stimulation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) using the neurotransmitter @entity4 has been suggested as an alternative to electrical stimulation with some significant advantages. However, sufficient scientific data to support developing a chemical-based retinal prosthesis is lacking. The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a neurotransmitter-based retinal prosthesis and determine therapeutic stimulation parameters. Approach. We injected controlled amounts of @entity4 into @entity1 retinas from the epiretinal side ex vivo via micropipettes using a pressure injection system and recorded RGC responses with a multielectrode array. Responsive units were identified using a spike rate threshold of 3 Hz. Main results. We recorded both somal and axonal units and demonstrated successful glutamatergic stimulation across different RGC subtypes. Analyses show that exogenous @entity4 acts on RGC synapses similar to endogenous @entity4 and, unlike electrical prostheses, stimulates only RGC somata. The spatial spread of @entity4 stimulation was [Formula: see text]  m from the injection site, comparable to current electrical prostheses. Further, the @entity4 injections produced spatially differential responses in OFF, ON, and ON-OFF RGC subtypes, suggesting that differential stimulation of the OFF and ON systems may be possible. A temporal resolution of 3.2 Hz was obtained, which is a rate suitable for spatial vision. Significance. We provide strong support for the feasibility of an epiretinal neurotransmitter-based retinal prosthesis. Our findings suggest that chemical stimulation of RGCs is a viable alternative to electrical stimulation and could offer distinct advantages such as the selective stimulation of RGC somata.

title: Chemical stimulation of XXXX retinal neurons: feasibility of an epiretinal neurotransmitter-based prosthesis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 is the most devastating @entity2 that causes severe deterioration in social and occupational functioning. This is a pilot study for family-based association analysis of @entity0 in a Korean population to search candidate genes functionally relevant and positionally on chromosome 18. METHODS: We have recruited 27 probands (with @entity1 ) with their parents and siblings whenever possible. We analyzed 20 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) of seven neuronal genes in chromosome 18 for DNA samples that was checked for the data quality and genotype error. For testing of association, we performed family-based association tests analyses with each individual SNP, using the phenotype of @entity1 . And then, we performed family-based association tests haplotype analyses with each individual SNP, using the phenotype of @entity1 . Finally, we performed linkage disequilibrium analyses for the phenotype of @entity0 . RESULTS: We found one significant SNPs of one neuronal gene in chromosome 18 (P value   <   0.05) for the qualitative phenotype of @entity1 ( @entity5 : @entity4 ). We also found significant haplotypes of four SNPs in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) gene of chromosome 18 (P value   <   0.1) for the phenotype of @entity1 ( @entity5 - @entity6 - @entity7 - @entity8 ). Two SNPS within the @entity4 gene ( @entity8 , @entity9 ), plus SNPs within the malic enzyme 2 ( @entity10 , @entity11 ), and @entity3 genes ( @entity12 , @entity13 ) were in strong linkage disequilibrium with each other (D'   >   0.60). DISCUSSION: The present findings provide convergent evidence (fine mapping of a chromosomal locus 18q21 associated with @entity0 ) suggesting that a specific @entity4 could be a candidate gene for causing a spectrum of @entity0 phenotype.

title: Pilot study for family-based association analysis of XXXX in a Korean population: Analysis for candidate genes positionally on chromosome 18q21.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction We aimed to identify causes of false-positives in ultrasound scanning of synovial/tenosynovial/bursal @entity0 and provide corresponding imaging examples. Methods We first performed systematic literature review to identify previously reported causes of false-positives. We next determined causes of false-positives and corresponding example images for educational material through Delphi exercises and discussion by 15 experts who were an instructor and/or a lecturer in the 2013 advanced course for musculoskeletal ultrasound organized by Japan College of Rheumatology Committee for the Standardization of Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography (JCR-CoSMUS). Results Systematic literature review identified 11 articles relevant to sonographic false-positives of @entity0 . Based on these studies, 21 candidate causes of false-positives were identified in the consensus meeting. Of these items, 11 achieved a pre-defined consensus (>=  80 %) in Delphi exercise and were classified as follows: I. Gray-scale assessment (A. Non-specific synovial findings, B. Normal anatomical structures which can mimic @entity1 due to either their low echogenicity or anisotropy); II. Doppler assessment (A. Intra-articular normal vessels, B. Reverberation). Twenty-four corresponding examples with 49 still and 23 video images also achieved consensus. Conclusions Our study provides a set of representative images that can help sonographers to understand false-positives in ultrasound scanning of @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Consensus-based identification of factors related to false-positives in ultrasound scanning of XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction We aimed to identify causes of false-positives in ultrasound scanning of synovial/tenosynovial/bursal @entity0 and provide corresponding imaging examples. Methods We first performed systematic literature review to identify previously reported causes of false-positives. We next determined causes of false-positives and corresponding example images for educational material through Delphi exercises and discussion by 15 experts who were an instructor and/or a lecturer in the 2013 advanced course for musculoskeletal ultrasound organized by Japan College of Rheumatology Committee for the Standardization of Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography (JCR-CoSMUS). Results Systematic literature review identified 11 articles relevant to sonographic false-positives of @entity0 . Based on these studies, 21 candidate causes of false-positives were identified in the consensus meeting. Of these items, 11 achieved a pre-defined consensus (>=  80 %) in Delphi exercise and were classified as follows: I. Gray-scale assessment (A. Non-specific synovial findings, B. Normal anatomical structures which can mimic @entity1 due to either their low echogenicity or anisotropy); II. Doppler assessment (A. Intra-articular normal vessels, B. Reverberation). Twenty-four corresponding examples with 49 still and 23 video images also achieved consensus. Conclusions Our study provides a set of representative images that can help sonographers to understand false-positives in ultrasound scanning of @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Consensus-based identification of factors related to false-positives in ultrasound scanning of @entity2 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report a case series of thoracic bite trauma in @entity2 and @entity4 and to evaluate risk factors for mortality. METHODS: A retrospective study concerning thoracic bite wounds in @entity2 and @entity4 was performed. Lesions were categorized by depth of penetration: no wound, superficial, deep or penetrating. Thoracic radiographic reports were reviewed. Lesion management was classified as non-surgical, wound exploration, or explorative thoracotomy. RESULTS: Sixty-five cases were collected. Twenty-two percent of @entity0 with normal respiratory patterns showed thoracic radiographic lesions. Respiratory distress was not correlated with mortality. Twenty-eight @entity0 were presented with superficial wounds and 13 with @entity1 . Eight @entity0 exhibited penetrating wounds. Radiographic lesions were observed in 77% of @entity2 and 100% of @entity4 . Explorative thoracotomy was performed in 28% of @entity0 , and surgical wound exploration in 17.2%. With the exception of @entity3 , thoracic wall discontinuity was the most frequent lesion. Thoracotomy was associated with increased length of hospitalisation but was not correlated with mortality. The mortality rate was 15.4%. No studied factor correlated with mortality, and the long-term outcomes were excellent. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: A penetrating injury, more than three radiographic lesions, or both together seemed to be indicative of the need for a thoracotomy. In the absence of these criteria, systematic bite wound explorative surgery is recommended, with extension to thoracotomy if thoracic body wall disruption is observed.

title: XXXX in @entity2 and @entity4 : a retrospective study of 65 cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report a case series of thoracic bite trauma in @entity2 and @entity4 and to evaluate risk factors for mortality. METHODS: A retrospective study concerning thoracic bite wounds in @entity2 and @entity4 was performed. Lesions were categorized by depth of penetration: no wound, superficial, deep or penetrating. Thoracic radiographic reports were reviewed. Lesion management was classified as non-surgical, wound exploration, or explorative thoracotomy. RESULTS: Sixty-five cases were collected. Twenty-two percent of @entity0 with normal respiratory patterns showed thoracic radiographic lesions. Respiratory distress was not correlated with mortality. Twenty-eight @entity0 were presented with superficial wounds and 13 with @entity1 . Eight @entity0 exhibited penetrating wounds. Radiographic lesions were observed in 77% of @entity2 and 100% of @entity4 . Explorative thoracotomy was performed in 28% of @entity0 , and surgical wound exploration in 17.2%. With the exception of @entity3 , thoracic wall discontinuity was the most frequent lesion. Thoracotomy was associated with increased length of hospitalisation but was not correlated with mortality. The mortality rate was 15.4%. No studied factor correlated with mortality, and the long-term outcomes were excellent. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: A penetrating injury, more than three radiographic lesions, or both together seemed to be indicative of the need for a thoracotomy. In the absence of these criteria, systematic bite wound explorative surgery is recommended, with extension to thoracotomy if thoracic body wall disruption is observed.

title: @entity1 in @entity2 and XXXX : a retrospective study of 65 cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report a case series of thoracic bite trauma in @entity2 and @entity4 and to evaluate risk factors for mortality. METHODS: A retrospective study concerning thoracic bite wounds in @entity2 and @entity4 was performed. Lesions were categorized by depth of penetration: no wound, superficial, deep or penetrating. Thoracic radiographic reports were reviewed. Lesion management was classified as non-surgical, wound exploration, or explorative thoracotomy. RESULTS: Sixty-five cases were collected. Twenty-two percent of @entity0 with normal respiratory patterns showed thoracic radiographic lesions. Respiratory distress was not correlated with mortality. Twenty-eight @entity0 were presented with superficial wounds and 13 with @entity1 . Eight @entity0 exhibited penetrating wounds. Radiographic lesions were observed in 77% of @entity2 and 100% of @entity4 . Explorative thoracotomy was performed in 28% of @entity0 , and surgical wound exploration in 17.2%. With the exception of @entity3 , thoracic wall discontinuity was the most frequent lesion. Thoracotomy was associated with increased length of hospitalisation but was not correlated with mortality. The mortality rate was 15.4%. No studied factor correlated with mortality, and the long-term outcomes were excellent. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: A penetrating injury, more than three radiographic lesions, or both together seemed to be indicative of the need for a thoracotomy. In the absence of these criteria, systematic bite wound explorative surgery is recommended, with extension to thoracotomy if thoracic body wall disruption is observed.

title: @entity1 in XXXX and @entity4 : a retrospective study of 65 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of multiple primary @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 1015 @entity0 who were treated during follow up for @entity1 at Tokyo Medical and Dental University between March 2001 and December 2012. We compared the clinical characteristics of 961 @entity0 who developed single primary @entity3 ( @entity5 ) during follow up and 54 @entity0 who subsequently developed multiple primary @entity2 in the oral cavity. RESULTS: Mean age at first diagnosis was significantly higher in @entity0 with multiple primary @entity2 . Multiple primary @entity2 showed a female predilection, were most prevalent in the gingiva, and tended to show @entity1 and nodal stages than single primary @entity2 . The local recurrence rate was higher for multiple primary @entity2 , and it increased with the number of multiple primary occurrences. The disease-specific survival rate at 10years for @entity0 with single primary @entity2 was 85.3% and that for @entity0 with multiple primary @entity2 was 79.6%. The cumulative incidence rate for metachronous second multiple primary @entity2 after the onset of first @entity2 at 10years was 8.0%. The recurrence of multiple primary @entity2 did not decrease the survival rate. CONCLUSION: Differences were found in the clinical characteristics between @entity0 with single oral @entity5 and those with multiple primary @entity4 . Early diagnosis and treatment as well as close long-term follow up are needed for @entity0 with multiple primary @entity4 .

title: Clinical characteristics of multiple primary XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Serum @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels were examined in @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity1 (TNG) before and during antithyroid drug therapy. A total of 32 @entity0 were studied; 23 @entity0 (14 with @entity4 and nine with TNG) were in a @entity3 state (group A) and nine @entity0 (four with @entity4 and five with TNG) were in a euthyroid state, under @entity6 or @entity5 treatment (group B). Ten @entity3 @entity0 from group A (seven with @entity4 and three with TNG) were also examined while euthyroid on treatment (Subgroup A). Serum was taken from all @entity0 for the measurement of sIL-2R, @entity2 , total T4 (TT4), total T3 (TT3) and TSH concentrations. The results were compared with those from 30 normal controls. Serum sIL-2R levels were higher in Group A (671.3 +/- 74.0 U @entity7 , mean +/- SE), than in Group B (214.1 +/- 61.8 U @entity7 ) and controls (149 +/- 14.8 U @entity7 ), P < 0.001. Similarly, the subgroup of 10 @entity0 had higher levels of sIL-2R during the @entity3 phase than while euthyroid (P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between sIL-2R values and levels of T4 and T3. In contrast, serum @entity2 levels were higher in Group B @entity0 (197.5 +/- 39.2 pg @entity7 ) compared with those in Group A (66.5 +/- 17 pg @entity7 , P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Increased serum XXXX during treatment of @entity3 with antithyroid drugs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Serum @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels were examined in @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity1 (TNG) before and during antithyroid drug therapy. A total of 32 @entity0 were studied; 23 @entity0 (14 with @entity4 and nine with TNG) were in a @entity3 state (group A) and nine @entity0 (four with @entity4 and five with TNG) were in a euthyroid state, under @entity6 or @entity5 treatment (group B). Ten @entity3 @entity0 from group A (seven with @entity4 and three with TNG) were also examined while euthyroid on treatment (Subgroup A). Serum was taken from all @entity0 for the measurement of sIL-2R, @entity2 , total T4 (TT4), total T3 (TT3) and TSH concentrations. The results were compared with those from 30 normal controls. Serum sIL-2R levels were higher in Group A (671.3 +/- 74.0 U @entity7 , mean +/- SE), than in Group B (214.1 +/- 61.8 U @entity7 ) and controls (149 +/- 14.8 U @entity7 ), P < 0.001. Similarly, the subgroup of 10 @entity0 had higher levels of sIL-2R during the @entity3 phase than while euthyroid (P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between sIL-2R values and levels of T4 and T3. In contrast, serum @entity2 levels were higher in Group B @entity0 (197.5 +/- 39.2 pg @entity7 ) compared with those in Group A (66.5 +/- 17 pg @entity7 , P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Increased serum @entity2 during treatment of XXXX with antithyroid drugs.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Understanding the longitudinal course of negative symptoms, especially in relationship to functioning, in the early phase of @entity1 is crucial to developing intervention approaches. The course of negative symptoms and daily functioning was examined over a 1-year period following a recent onset of @entity1 and at an 8-year follow-up point. METHODS: The study included 149 recent-onset @entity1 @entity0 who had a mean age of 23.7 (SD=4.4)years and mean education of 12.9 (SD=2.2)years. Negative symptom (BPRS and @entity2 ) and functional outcome (SCORS) assessments were conducted frequently by trained raters. RESULTS: After antipsychotic medication stabilization, negative symptoms during the first outpatient year were moderately stable (BPRS ICC=0.64 and @entity2 ICC=0.66). Despite this overall moderate stability, 24% of @entity0 experienced at least one period of negative symptoms exacerbation. Furthermore, entry level of negative symptoms was significantly associated with poor social functioning (r=-.34, p<.01) and work/school functioning (r=-.25, p<.05) at 12months, and with negative symptoms at the 8-year follow-up (r=.29, p<.05). DISCUSSION: Early negative symptoms are fairly stable during the first outpatient year, are predictors of daily functioning at 12months, and predict negative symptoms 8years later. Despite the high levels of stability, negative symptoms did fluctuate in a subsample of @entity0 . These findings suggest that negative symptoms may be an important early course target for intervention aimed at promoting recovery.

title: Negative symptoms and functioning during the first year after a recent onset of XXXX and 8years later.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Five @entity0 had severe generalized @entity4 , which lasted for several months after anterior communicating @entity2 surgery. Two of them had no signs of @entity1 . They were @entity3 for not more than four days after surgery. One of them performed normally on the non-memory tests and short-term memory tests. Cues did not substantially improve his poor memory performance. The other @entity0 had similar test results, but he had poor imagination in an inkblot perception test. Three @entity0 had @entity1 . Two of them were restless, @entity3 and confabulating, with one showing apathetic and stereotyped behaviour for more than a month after surgery. On the memory tests they showed disinhibition of irrelevant associations or deficient initiative. Cueing markedly improved their poor retrieval. These defects seem to be associated with @entity1 and can affect memory but are not obligatory features of @entity5 .

title: XXXX after surgery of anterior communicating @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Five @entity0 had severe generalized @entity4 , which lasted for several months after anterior communicating @entity2 surgery. Two of them had no signs of @entity1 . They were @entity3 for not more than four days after surgery. One of them performed normally on the non-memory tests and short-term memory tests. Cues did not substantially improve his poor memory performance. The other @entity0 had similar test results, but he had poor imagination in an inkblot perception test. Three @entity0 had @entity1 . Two of them were restless, @entity3 and confabulating, with one showing apathetic and stereotyped behaviour for more than a month after surgery. On the memory tests they showed disinhibition of irrelevant associations or deficient initiative. Cueing markedly improved their poor retrieval. These defects seem to be associated with @entity1 and can affect memory but are not obligatory features of @entity5 .

title: @entity5 after surgery of anterior communicating XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine preoperative predictors associated with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and unfavorable pathology in small renal masses treated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity3 records from 5 centers were retrospectively queried for @entity0 with a clinically localized single @entity1 <4cm on imaging (clinical @entity5 ). Between 2007 and 2013, 1,009 @entity0 met the inclusion criteria. Unfavorable pathology was defined as any grade III or IV @entity2 or @entity1 upstaged to pathologic T3a disease. @entity4 models were used to determine preoperative characteristics associated with @entity2 and with unfavorable pathology. RESULTS: A total of 771 (76.4%) @entity0 were found to have @entity2 and 198 (19.6%) had unfavorable pathology. On multivariate, bootstrap-adjusted logistic regression analysis, factors associated with the presence of @entity1 were imaging @entity1 size>= 3cm (odds ratio [OR] = 1.46; P = 0.040), male sex (OR = 1.88; P<0.0001), and nephrometry score>= 8 (OR = 1.64; P = 0.005). These same factors were independently associated with risk of unfavorable pathology: size>= 3cm (OR = 1.46; P = 0.021), male sex (OR = 2.35; P<0.0001), and nephrometry score>= 8 (OR = 1.49; P = 0.015). The c statistic was 0.62 for the predicting @entity1 and 0.63 for unfavorable pathology. CONCLUSIONS: In this multi-institutional cohort, male sex, imaging @entity1 size>= 3cm, and nephrometry score>= 8 were predictors of @entity2 and adverse pathology following @entity3 . These factors may assist in risk stratification and selective renal mass biopsy before decision making. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings.

title: Preoperative predictors of @entity1 and unfavorable pathology for clinical @entity5 @entity1 treated with XXXX : A multi-institutional analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine preoperative predictors associated with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and unfavorable pathology in small renal masses treated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity3 records from 5 centers were retrospectively queried for @entity0 with a clinically localized single @entity1 <4cm on imaging (clinical @entity5 ). Between 2007 and 2013, 1,009 @entity0 met the inclusion criteria. Unfavorable pathology was defined as any grade III or IV @entity2 or @entity1 upstaged to pathologic T3a disease. @entity4 models were used to determine preoperative characteristics associated with @entity2 and with unfavorable pathology. RESULTS: A total of 771 (76.4%) @entity0 were found to have @entity2 and 198 (19.6%) had unfavorable pathology. On multivariate, bootstrap-adjusted logistic regression analysis, factors associated with the presence of @entity1 were imaging @entity1 size>= 3cm (odds ratio [OR] = 1.46; P = 0.040), male sex (OR = 1.88; P<0.0001), and nephrometry score>= 8 (OR = 1.64; P = 0.005). These same factors were independently associated with risk of unfavorable pathology: size>= 3cm (OR = 1.46; P = 0.021), male sex (OR = 2.35; P<0.0001), and nephrometry score>= 8 (OR = 1.49; P = 0.015). The c statistic was 0.62 for the predicting @entity1 and 0.63 for unfavorable pathology. CONCLUSIONS: In this multi-institutional cohort, male sex, imaging @entity1 size>= 3cm, and nephrometry score>= 8 were predictors of @entity2 and adverse pathology following @entity3 . These factors may assist in risk stratification and selective renal mass biopsy before decision making. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings.

title: Preoperative predictors of @entity1 and unfavorable pathology for clinical XXXX @entity1 treated with @entity3 : A multi-institutional analysis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine preoperative predictors associated with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and unfavorable pathology in small renal masses treated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity3 records from 5 centers were retrospectively queried for @entity0 with a clinically localized single @entity1 <4cm on imaging (clinical @entity5 ). Between 2007 and 2013, 1,009 @entity0 met the inclusion criteria. Unfavorable pathology was defined as any grade III or IV @entity2 or @entity1 upstaged to pathologic T3a disease. @entity4 models were used to determine preoperative characteristics associated with @entity2 and with unfavorable pathology. RESULTS: A total of 771 (76.4%) @entity0 were found to have @entity2 and 198 (19.6%) had unfavorable pathology. On multivariate, bootstrap-adjusted logistic regression analysis, factors associated with the presence of @entity1 were imaging @entity1 size>= 3cm (odds ratio [OR] = 1.46; P = 0.040), male sex (OR = 1.88; P<0.0001), and nephrometry score>= 8 (OR = 1.64; P = 0.005). These same factors were independently associated with risk of unfavorable pathology: size>= 3cm (OR = 1.46; P = 0.021), male sex (OR = 2.35; P<0.0001), and nephrometry score>= 8 (OR = 1.49; P = 0.015). The c statistic was 0.62 for the predicting @entity1 and 0.63 for unfavorable pathology. CONCLUSIONS: In this multi-institutional cohort, male sex, imaging @entity1 size>= 3cm, and nephrometry score>= 8 were predictors of @entity2 and adverse pathology following @entity3 . These factors may assist in risk stratification and selective renal mass biopsy before decision making. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings.

title: Preoperative predictors of XXXX and unfavorable pathology for clinical @entity5 @entity1 treated with @entity3 : A multi-institutional analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine preoperative predictors associated with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and unfavorable pathology in small renal masses treated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity3 records from 5 centers were retrospectively queried for @entity0 with a clinically localized single @entity1 <4cm on imaging (clinical @entity5 ). Between 2007 and 2013, 1,009 @entity0 met the inclusion criteria. Unfavorable pathology was defined as any grade III or IV @entity2 or @entity1 upstaged to pathologic T3a disease. @entity4 models were used to determine preoperative characteristics associated with @entity2 and with unfavorable pathology. RESULTS: A total of 771 (76.4%) @entity0 were found to have @entity2 and 198 (19.6%) had unfavorable pathology. On multivariate, bootstrap-adjusted logistic regression analysis, factors associated with the presence of @entity1 were imaging @entity1 size>= 3cm (odds ratio [OR] = 1.46; P = 0.040), male sex (OR = 1.88; P<0.0001), and nephrometry score>= 8 (OR = 1.64; P = 0.005). These same factors were independently associated with risk of unfavorable pathology: size>= 3cm (OR = 1.46; P = 0.021), male sex (OR = 2.35; P<0.0001), and nephrometry score>= 8 (OR = 1.49; P = 0.015). The c statistic was 0.62 for the predicting @entity1 and 0.63 for unfavorable pathology. CONCLUSIONS: In this multi-institutional cohort, male sex, imaging @entity1 size>= 3cm, and nephrometry score>= 8 were predictors of @entity2 and adverse pathology following @entity3 . These factors may assist in risk stratification and selective renal mass biopsy before decision making. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings.

title: Preoperative predictors of @entity1 and unfavorable pathology for clinical @entity5 XXXX treated with @entity3 : A multi-institutional analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A five-year review (1979 to 1983) of 41 @entity0 with active @entity5 at the time of @entity2 was performed to determine the cause of @entity2 . Twenty @entity2 (49 percent) were directly attributed to @entity5 . Overwhelming @entity5 was the cause of @entity2 for seven @entity0 , and among them the majority had strikingly low serum levels of albumin. Ten @entity0 died of either massive hemoptysis or @entity10 . Only two @entity0 died due to progressive @entity11 in an area where drug resistance is common. The majority of @entity0 (21/41; 51 percent) died of common medical problems unrelated to @entity5 . Eleven @entity0 died from @entity1 ( @entity9 , one @entity10 due to @entity8 , two acute @entity6 , and two primary @entity7 ). Three @entity2 were the result of @entity4 , and three @entity0 died as a result of bacterial superinfection. Our data indicate that @entity0 still die of @entity5 in the era of effective antituberculosis therapy. It is imperative that clinicians are aware that @entity9 , @entity3 , bacterial superinfection, and @entity4 cause approximately 50 percent of the @entity2 among @entity0 who have @entity5 and that prompt recognition and treatment of those diseases might decrease the mortality from @entity5 .

title: XXXX . Cause of @entity2 in antibiotic era.

answer: @entity5


abstract: A five-year review (1979 to 1983) of 41 @entity0 with active @entity5 at the time of @entity2 was performed to determine the cause of @entity2 . Twenty @entity2 (49 percent) were directly attributed to @entity5 . Overwhelming @entity5 was the cause of @entity2 for seven @entity0 , and among them the majority had strikingly low serum levels of albumin. Ten @entity0 died of either massive hemoptysis or @entity10 . Only two @entity0 died due to progressive @entity11 in an area where drug resistance is common. The majority of @entity0 (21/41; 51 percent) died of common medical problems unrelated to @entity5 . Eleven @entity0 died from @entity1 ( @entity9 , one @entity10 due to @entity8 , two acute @entity6 , and two primary @entity7 ). Three @entity2 were the result of @entity4 , and three @entity0 died as a result of bacterial superinfection. Our data indicate that @entity0 still die of @entity5 in the era of effective antituberculosis therapy. It is imperative that clinicians are aware that @entity9 , @entity3 , bacterial superinfection, and @entity4 cause approximately 50 percent of the @entity2 among @entity0 who have @entity5 and that prompt recognition and treatment of those diseases might decrease the mortality from @entity5 .

title: @entity5 . Cause of XXXX in antibiotic era.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic drainage of @entity4 is a new nonsurgical treatment modality. We retrospectively studied the efficacy of endoscopic drainage of @entity4 in 37 @entity0 with chronic @entity3 . METHODS: Endoscopic retrograde pancreatic drainage was performed in 12 @entity0 , endoscopic cystogastrostomy in 10 @entity0 , and endoscopic cystoduodenostomy in 7 @entity0 . In the remaining 8 @entity0 , combinations of drainage routes were used. RESULTS: ECG failed in 3 @entity0 . Procedure-related complications were seen in 6 @entity0 : bleeding in 3, perforation in 2, and @entity2 in 1 @entity0 . There was no procedure-related mortality. Seven @entity0 had complications in relation to stents or drains: @entity1 due to stent clogging in 2, stent migration in 4, and kinking of the drain in 1 @entity0 . Twenty-four @entity0 had complete resolution of @entity4 , 7 had partial resolution, and 6 had no resolution. Three @entity0 had @entity4 . Mean follow-up was 32 months. Finally, 10 @entity0 underwent surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic drainage was technically feasible in 92% of the @entity0 . Procedure-related morbidity was 16% and mortality was 0%. Endoscopic drainage was a definitive treatment for two thirds of the @entity0 (65%). Surgery can be reserved for those @entity0 in whom endoscopic therapy fails.

title: The efficacy of endoscopic treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The dose distributions that can be achieved with protons are usually superior to those of conventional photon external-beam radiation. There are special cases where proton therapy may offer a substantial potential benefit compared to photon treatments where @entity4 concerns dominate. Re-irradiation may theoretically be made safer with proton therapy due to lower cumulative lifetime doses to sensitive tissues, such as the spinal cord. Proton therapy has been used in a limited number of @entity1 with rectal, pancreatic, esophageal, and @entity2 . @entity5 require particularly high radiation doses, posing additional challenges for re-irradiation. @entity7 is another special case where proton therapy may be advantageous. Late @entity4 from even relatively low radiation doses, including @entity6 and second @entity3 , are of concern in @entity7 @entity1 with high cure rates and long life expectancies. Proton therapy has begun to be used for consolidation after chemotherapy in @entity1 with Hodgkin and @entity8 . @entity0 is another emerging area of proton therapy development and use. Proton therapy may offer advantages compared to other techniques in the setting of breast boosts, accelerated partial breast irradiation, and post-mastectomy radiotherapy. In these settings, proton therapy may decrease @entity4 associated with breast radiotherapy. As techniques are refined in proton therapy, we may be able to improve the therapeutic ratio by maintaining the benefits of radiotherapy while better minimizing the risks.

title: Special Cases for Proton Beam Radiotherapy: Re-irradiation, @entity7 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The dose distributions that can be achieved with protons are usually superior to those of conventional photon external-beam radiation. There are special cases where proton therapy may offer a substantial potential benefit compared to photon treatments where @entity4 concerns dominate. Re-irradiation may theoretically be made safer with proton therapy due to lower cumulative lifetime doses to sensitive tissues, such as the spinal cord. Proton therapy has been used in a limited number of @entity1 with rectal, pancreatic, esophageal, and @entity2 . @entity5 require particularly high radiation doses, posing additional challenges for re-irradiation. @entity7 is another special case where proton therapy may be advantageous. Late @entity4 from even relatively low radiation doses, including @entity6 and second @entity3 , are of concern in @entity7 @entity1 with high cure rates and long life expectancies. Proton therapy has begun to be used for consolidation after chemotherapy in @entity1 with Hodgkin and @entity8 . @entity0 is another emerging area of proton therapy development and use. Proton therapy may offer advantages compared to other techniques in the setting of breast boosts, accelerated partial breast irradiation, and post-mastectomy radiotherapy. In these settings, proton therapy may decrease @entity4 associated with breast radiotherapy. As techniques are refined in proton therapy, we may be able to improve the therapeutic ratio by maintaining the benefits of radiotherapy while better minimizing the risks.

title: Special Cases for Proton Beam Radiotherapy: Re-irradiation, XXXX , and @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postoperative analgesia is crucial for early functional excise after total knee arthroplasty. To investigate the clinical efficacy of ultrasound and nerve stimulator guided continuous femoral @entity2 analgesia after total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: 46 @entity0 with ASA grade I-III who underwent total knee arthroplasty received postoperative analgesia from October 2012 to January 2013. In 22 @entity0 , ultrasound and nerve stimulator guided continuous femoral @entity2 were performed for analgesia (CFNB group); in 24 @entity0 , epidural analgesia was done (PCEA group). The analgesic effects, side effects, articular recovery and complications were compared between two groups. RESULTS: At 6h and 12h after surgery, the knee @entity1 score (VAS score) during functional tests after active exercise and after passive excise in CFNB were significantly reduced when compared with PCEA group. The amount of @entity4 used in CFNB @entity0 was significantly reduced when compared with PCEA group. At 48h after surgery, the muscle strength grade in CFNB group was significantly higher, and the time to ambulatory activity was shorter than those in PCEA group. The incidence of @entity3 in CFNB @entity0 was significantly reduced when compared with PCEA group. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound and nerve stimulator guided continuous femoral @entity2 provide better analgesia at 6h and 12h, demonstrated by RVAS and PVAS. The amount of @entity4 also reduces, the incidence of @entity3 decreased, the influence on muscle strength is compromised and @entity0 can perform ambulatory activity under this condition.

title: Ultrasound and nerve stimulator guided continuous femoral XXXX analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: a multicenter randomized controlled study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Serpins are a family of @entity0 protease inhibitors that regulate physiological functions and are found widely in animals, plants and microorganisms. However, there are few reports on the role of serpins in the @entity2 , @entity2 . We cloned two serpin genes from @entity3 , named Esserpin-2 and Esserpin-3. Quantitative and semi-quantitative real-time PCR results showed that Esserpin-3 mRNA transcripts were detected in all the examined @entity3 tissues, but were most highly expressed in immune tissues, including the gills, hepatopancreas and intestines. Lower levels of Esserpin-3 expression were detected in the accessory gland, testis and stomach, while the muscle and heart showed minimal expression. Esserpin-3 was differentially expressed throughout testis developmental stages. Esserpin-3 protein was localized in the tube wall and lumen of the accessory gland. In the testes, Esserpin-3 was detected in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids. As Esserpin-3 was also detected in the sperm contained within the seminal vesicles, it is suggested to be an intrinsic sperm protein. During the acrosome reaction, Esserpin-3 expression reduced gradually and @entity1 after the reaction. Together, our results indicate that Esserpin-3 is an intrinsic sperm protein involved in regulation of sperm maturation and the acrosome reaction in @entity3 .

title: Characterization and expression analysis of serpins in the XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Serpins are a family of @entity0 protease inhibitors that regulate physiological functions and are found widely in animals, plants and microorganisms. However, there are few reports on the role of serpins in the @entity2 , @entity2 . We cloned two serpin genes from @entity3 , named Esserpin-2 and Esserpin-3. Quantitative and semi-quantitative real-time PCR results showed that Esserpin-3 mRNA transcripts were detected in all the examined @entity3 tissues, but were most highly expressed in immune tissues, including the gills, hepatopancreas and intestines. Lower levels of Esserpin-3 expression were detected in the accessory gland, testis and stomach, while the muscle and heart showed minimal expression. Esserpin-3 was differentially expressed throughout testis developmental stages. Esserpin-3 protein was localized in the tube wall and lumen of the accessory gland. In the testes, Esserpin-3 was detected in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids. As Esserpin-3 was also detected in the sperm contained within the seminal vesicles, it is suggested to be an intrinsic sperm protein. During the acrosome reaction, Esserpin-3 expression reduced gradually and @entity1 after the reaction. Together, our results indicate that Esserpin-3 is an intrinsic sperm protein involved in regulation of sperm maturation and the acrosome reaction in @entity3 .

title: Characterization and expression analysis of serpins in the @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the short- and long-term outcomes in @entity0 with @entity1 who have undergone strictureplasty. DESIGN: A retrospective review with a prospective follow-up (mean 54.4 months [range from 4 to 108 months]). SETTING: The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto. @entity0 : Forty-three @entity0 (29 @entity0 , 14 @entity0 ) who underwent 154 strictureplasties for @entity1 . The mean age of the @entity0 was 32.5 years (range from 17 to 55 years). INTERVENTION: Strictureplasty by either the Heineke-Mikulicz (145 strictureplasties) or the Finney (9 strictureplasties) technique in the duodenum, small intestine and at the site of the previous @entity2 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Factors studied for symptomatic recurrence included the type of procedure previously performed, the type of strictureplasty, the number of previous operations and the site of the disease. RESULTS: There were no deaths. There was one documented leak. Twenty-six @entity0 remained symptom free during the follow-up period. Fourteen @entity0 required reoperation for progressive @entity3 . None of the differences in the variables studied was statistically significant when related to the symptomatic recurrence rate. However, only 2 of 11 @entity0 who had strictureplasty as the only procedure have required reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Strictureplasty is a safe and useful procedure in the management of extensive obstructive @entity1 . Strictureplasty does not seem to alter the natural history of the disease.

title: Natural history of strictureplasty in XXXX : 9-year experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the cell types and patterns of cell distribution associated with @entity4 in the membranes of @entity0 who undergo revision of hip arthroplasty. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Three university-affiliated hospitals. @entity0 : Twenty-nine @entity0 who underwent revision of a hip arthroplasty for reasons other than @entity1 . Eight @entity0 were excluded because loosening of the prosthesis was found to be associated with @entity1 , leaving 21 @entity0 , 18 with @entity3 and 3 with recurrent dislocation. INTERVENTION: Retrieval of inflammatory membranes from loosened total hip prostheses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of aerobic and anaerobic tissue cultures, number of macrophages, T cells and B cells, and presence and histologic pattern of particulate debris in the membranes. RESULTS: None of the tissue cultures grew any organisms. All membranes contained T cells and macrophages, but B cells were present in only three @entity0 at a low level. Particulate debris, surrounded by macrophages and @entity5 cells, was present in all membranes. Three histologic patterns were noted: type I--mostly fibrous tissue with cells and macrophages widely scattered through membrane (3 membranes); type II--fibrous membrane with a significant number of T cells, macrophages and @entity5 cells and well-defined @entity6 (7 membranes); type III--diffusely scattered T cells, ill-defined @entity2 , "foamy" macrophages and fewer @entity5 cells than in type II (11 membranes). CONCLUSIONS: These findings document the key cellular elements involved in cell-mediated immunity in association with @entity4 in aseptically loosened total hip arthroplasty membranes. T-cell amplification of the innate macrophage inflammatory reaction to particulate debris may play a role in the mechanism of particle clearance.

title: The inflammatory response to XXXX in total hip arthroplasty.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A pilot study to evaluate the surgical and functional results of resection and reconstruction of diaphyseal @entity1 with cemented and uncemented intercalary allografts. DESIGN: A retrospective case series. SETTING: A quaternary care unit within a teaching hospital. @entity0 : Twenty-two @entity0 with diaphyseal @entity1 treated between 1988 and 1992, with mean follow-up of 38 months (range from 20 to 70 months). INTERVENTIONS: Diagnostic biopsy in all @entity0 . Preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy in @entity0 with @entity3 . En-bloc excision of all @entity1 . Reconstruction of the defect with cemented (15 @entity0 ) or uncemented (7 @entity0 ) intercalary allografts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nonunion at one or both osteosynthesis sites, death from @entity2 , amputation. RESULTS: Six of the 22 @entity0 died of @entity2 with the graft intact, and 3 subsequently had amputation for either local recurrence (2 @entity0 ) or failure of free tissue transfer (1 @entity0 ), leaving 13 @entity0 alive with the allograft in situ at an average of 36 months (range from 24 to 64 months). There were no revision procedures to remove or replace the original allograft. Five @entity0 had nonunion at one or more osteosynthesis sites on plain radiographs 9 months after resection. Four @entity0 with nonunion were in the cemented group of 13 @entity0 available for assessment at 9 months, and 1 was in the uncemented group of 5 @entity0 available for assessment at 9 months. There were two graft fractures, both in the uncemented group. CONCLUSION: The results of this pilot study offer guarded support for the use of pressurized cement in allografts prior to reconstruction of intercalary defects.

title: The effect of intramedullary cement on intercalary allograft reconstruction of bone defects after XXXX resection: a pilot study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We report longitudinal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI (7 T) studies designed to identify functional changes, prior to volume changes, in trastuzumab-sensitive and resistant @entity3 + @entity0 xenografts. Athymic @entity2 (N = 33) were subcutaneously implanted with trastuzumab-sensitive (BT474) or trastuzumab-resistant (HR6) @entity0 cells. Tumor-bearing animals were distributed into four groups: BT474 treated and control, HR6 treated and control. DW- and DCE-MRI were conducted at baseline, day 1, and day 4; trastuzumab (10 mg/kg) or saline was administered at baseline and day 3. Animals were sacrificed on day 4 and @entity1 resected for histology. Voxel-based DW- and DCE-MRI analyses were performed to generate parametric maps of ADC, K(trans), and ve. On day 1, no differences in @entity1 size were observed between any of the groups. On day 4, significant differences in @entity1 size were observed between treated vs. control BT474, treated BT474 vs. treated HR6, and treated vs. control HR6 (P < .0001). On day 1, ve was significantly higher in the BT474 treated group compared to BT474 control (P = .002) and HR6 treated (P = .004). On day 4, ve and K(trans) were significantly higher in the treated BT474 @entity1 compared to BT474 controls (P = .0007, P = .02, respectively). A significant decrease in Ki67 staining reinforced response in the BT474 treated group compared to BT474 controls (P = .02). This work demonstrated that quantitative MRI biomarkers have the sensitivity to differentiate treatment response in @entity3 + @entity1 prior to changes in @entity1 size.

title: Evaluating treatment response using DW-MRI and DCE-MRI in trastuzumab responsive and resistant XXXX -overexpressing human @entity0 xenografts.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We report longitudinal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI (7 T) studies designed to identify functional changes, prior to volume changes, in trastuzumab-sensitive and resistant @entity3 + @entity0 xenografts. Athymic @entity2 (N = 33) were subcutaneously implanted with trastuzumab-sensitive (BT474) or trastuzumab-resistant (HR6) @entity0 cells. Tumor-bearing animals were distributed into four groups: BT474 treated and control, HR6 treated and control. DW- and DCE-MRI were conducted at baseline, day 1, and day 4; trastuzumab (10 mg/kg) or saline was administered at baseline and day 3. Animals were sacrificed on day 4 and @entity1 resected for histology. Voxel-based DW- and DCE-MRI analyses were performed to generate parametric maps of ADC, K(trans), and ve. On day 1, no differences in @entity1 size were observed between any of the groups. On day 4, significant differences in @entity1 size were observed between treated vs. control BT474, treated BT474 vs. treated HR6, and treated vs. control HR6 (P < .0001). On day 1, ve was significantly higher in the BT474 treated group compared to BT474 control (P = .002) and HR6 treated (P = .004). On day 4, ve and K(trans) were significantly higher in the treated BT474 @entity1 compared to BT474 controls (P = .0007, P = .02, respectively). A significant decrease in Ki67 staining reinforced response in the BT474 treated group compared to BT474 controls (P = .02). This work demonstrated that quantitative MRI biomarkers have the sensitivity to differentiate treatment response in @entity3 + @entity1 prior to changes in @entity1 size.

title: Evaluating treatment response using DW-MRI and DCE-MRI in trastuzumab responsive and resistant @entity3 -overexpressing human XXXX xenografts.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impacts of @entity0 age and gender on immune response (IR) and clinical outcome after @entity1 vaccines are not known. We hypothesized younger and female @entity0 would have higher IR rates and better survival. METHODS: @entity0 with resected stage IIB-IV @entity2 in three clinical trials (Mel43, Mel44, Mel48) were vaccinated with 12 @entity2 -associated peptides restricted by class I MHC. The cumulative incidence rate of @entity3 (+) T cell responses (direct interferon-gamma ELIspot assay) by week 7 was compared by age and gender. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and disease-free survival (DFS) landmark analyses were compared by Kaplan-Meier estimates and in multivariate analyses. RESULTS: T cell responses were evaluated in 327 @entity0 and detected in 50  % of males and 48  % of females, with no difference in IR by gender or menopausal status. Males had trends toward longer DFS (p  =  0.12) and @entity4 (p  =  0.09). Cumulative incidence of IR was higher in @entity0 <64  years of age versus older @entity0 (p  =  0.03). @entity4 and DFS were similar by age group (p  >  0.50). In multivariate modeling, younger age was associated with better IR (OR 0.40, p value 0.003), without an impact of age or gender on clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: These data support the hypothesis that older @entity0 are less likely to develop T cell responses to a @entity1 vaccine. Nonetheless, significant proportions of older @entity0 mount immune responses with comparable survival outcomes. Thus, these data support including older @entity0 in @entity1 vaccine trials, but suggest value in stratifying @entity0 by age </>64  years.

title: Defining the effects of age and gender on immune response and outcomes to XXXX vaccination: a retrospective analysis of a single-institution clinical trials' experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Monitoring and management of @entity0 ( @entity0 ) are fundamental to modern neurotraumatology. Although never formally proven to independently improve outcome in prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, there is such a predominance of indirect support for this modality that most neurotrauma protocols are impossible with-out its inclusion and ethical considerations virtually preclude placebo-controlled trials of its efficacy. In addition to the question of improving outcome, @entity0 monitoring is also useful in guiding the use of potentially harmful treatment modalities such as hyperventilation, @entity3 , and barbiturates, and also provides important prognostic data. @entity0 monitoring provides information on the likelihood of @entity2 of the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Although there is no constant threshold for herniation, the most commonly used treatment threshold is 20 to 25 mm Hg. In addition, @entity0 trends are indispensable in providing the earliest possible indication of critical intracranial mass effects when combined with other clinical indicators. CPP is the difference between mean arterial pressure and @entity0 . CPP is an important clinical indicator of cerebral blood flow (CBF). Cerebral autoregulation generally remains at least partially preserved after severe @entity1 , although the CPP value at which it is activated appears to be shifted upward. Therefore, maintaining adequate CBF appears to require using an elevated minimal CPP threshold when treating the injured brain. A generally accepted value of 70 mm Hg is suggested.

title: Intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in severe XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The rapid identification of existing and emerging @entity2 viruses is crucial in combating outbreaks and epidemics. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a rapid and reliable identification method in bacterial diagnostics, but has not been used in virological diagnostics. Mass spectrometry systems have been investigated for the identification of @entity2 viruses. However, sample preparation methods were laborious and time-consuming. In this study, a reliable and rapid sample preparation method was developed allowing identification of cultured @entity2 viruses. Tenfold serial dilutions of ten cultures influenza A strains, mixed samples of @entity3 with @entity4 or @entity2 , and reconstituted clinical samples were treated with the developed sample preparation method. Subsequently, peptides were subjected to @entity1 and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC- @entity0 / @entity0 ). The influenza A strains were identified to the subtype level within 3h with @entity1 and 6h with LC- @entity0 / @entity0 , excluding the culturing time. The sensitivity of LC- @entity0 / @entity0 was higher compared to @entity1 . In addition, LC- @entity0 / @entity0 was able to discriminate between two viruses in mixed samples and was able to identify virus from reconstituted clinical samples. The development of an improved and rapid sample preparation method allowed generic and rapid identification of cultured @entity2 viruses by mass spectrometry.

title: Rapid and generic identification of influenza A and other XXXX viruses with mass spectrometry.

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is an excessive form of calorie restriction (CR) associated with pathological @entity4 and alterations of the immune system. However, @entity8 @entity0 seem to be protected from common @entity10 . OBJECTIVES: To investigate the metabolic and molecular adaptations induced by sustained extreme CR in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of @entity0 with restrictive alimentary @entity8 . DESIGN: Inflammatory cytokines and adipokines were measured in 15 young (age range, 15-24 years) @entity8 female @entity0 and 20 age-matched healthy controls. Isolated PBMCs were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry, and glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration were determined by measuring the extracellular acidification and @entity1 consumption rate. Stress resistance to @entity2 and the antioxidant transcriptional profile of PBMCs and @entity0 fibroblasts incubated with sera from @entity8 @entity0 were also determined. RESULTS: Compared with controls, @entity8 @entity0 (BMI, 15.9  0.4kg/m(2)) had significantly fewer leucocytes, lymphocytes and NK cells, lower serum concentrations of leptin, @entity5 and sTNFR1, and higher levels of @entity7 , sCD40L and sICAM-1 (p<0.05). @entity9 , @entity3 , and @entity6 produced by PBMC cultured with autologous serum for 48h were significantly lower in @entity8 @entity0 than in controls (p<0.01). Moreover, glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration were lower, and the antioxidant transcriptional profile was higher in the PBMCs of @entity8 @entity0 . Fibroblasts cultured in serum from @entity8 @entity0 showed a 24% increase in resistance to @entity2 damage. CONCLUSIONS: Extreme CR in @entity8 @entity0 is associated with a reduction in several immune cell populations, but with higher antioxidant potential, stress resistance and an anti-inflammatory status.

title: Immune-metabolic profiling of anorexic XXXX reveals an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory phenotype.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess dose area products (DAP) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) in @entity0 using optimized protocols on a modern flat detector unit. METHODS: DAP and @entity2 were evaluated in 651 VCUG (316 @entity0 , median age: 2.25  years) between 2009 and 2012. DAP was analyzed in relation to @entity0 characteristics (gender, age, presence of pathological findings) and experience of performing physician using analysis of variance. @entity2 values were estimated using adapted conversion factors from the literature. Diagnostic image quality was validated by two experienced physicians using a 3-point scale. RESULTS: Median DAP/ @entity2 was 0.5  cGycm(2)/4.56   Sv ( @entity0 : 0.6  cGycm(2)/6.16   Sv; @entity0 : 0.4  cGycm(2)/3.54   Sv). In 300 studies without pathologic findings DAP was 0.35  cGycm(2), whereas 351 studies with pathologic findings had a median DAP of 0.7  cGycm(2). No significant relationship between DAP and experience of radiologist was observed. Image validation resulted in an overall good to excellent rating. CONCLUSIONS: DAP and @entity2 can be markedly reduced in paediatric VCUG performed with optimized protocols on modern equipment without a noticeable decrease in diagnostic image quality. KEY POINTS:     Voiding cystourethrography is a comprehensive examination in diagnosing @entity1 ( @entity1 ).     Radiation reduction is achieved in VCUG through modern equipment and optimized protocols.     Low-dose VCUG is possible without noticeable decrease in diagnostic image quality.

title: Ultra low-dose VCUG in XXXX using a modern flat detectorunit.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity9 is an @entity5 characterized by @entity4 and chronic superficial @entity2 . We report on three @entity0 with @entity9 who developed autoantibodies to erythrocytes. Our first @entity0 , a 19-year-old female, developed @entity8 ( @entity8 ) that required multiple courses of treatment, including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and @entity6 . During the last exacerbation of @entity8 , intensive treatment with @entity3 and intravenous immunoglobulin failed and yet the @entity0 responded to plasmapheresis. Our second @entity0 , a 21-year-old male, developed @entity8 which responded to oral corticosteroid therapy. Our third @entity0 , a 6-year-old female without evidence of @entity7 , was found to have erythrocyte autoantibodies on routine screening. These three @entity0 had positive direct antiglobulin tests, and the first @entity0 had both immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM erythrocyte autoantibodies, while the remaining two @entity0 had only IgG autoantibody. This is the first report of the association of @entity8 with @entity9 . We suggest that all @entity0 with @entity9 be screened periodically for erythrocyte autoantibodies. Plasmapheresis, a safe ancillary procedure in the management of @entity8 , may be life-saving in some cases. The occurrence of erythrocyte autoantibodies in @entity9 may be related to @entity1 in this disease.

title: XXXX in @entity9 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity9 is an @entity5 characterized by @entity4 and chronic superficial @entity2 . We report on three @entity0 with @entity9 who developed autoantibodies to erythrocytes. Our first @entity0 , a 19-year-old female, developed @entity8 ( @entity8 ) that required multiple courses of treatment, including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and @entity6 . During the last exacerbation of @entity8 , intensive treatment with @entity3 and intravenous immunoglobulin failed and yet the @entity0 responded to plasmapheresis. Our second @entity0 , a 21-year-old male, developed @entity8 which responded to oral corticosteroid therapy. Our third @entity0 , a 6-year-old female without evidence of @entity7 , was found to have erythrocyte autoantibodies on routine screening. These three @entity0 had positive direct antiglobulin tests, and the first @entity0 had both immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM erythrocyte autoantibodies, while the remaining two @entity0 had only IgG autoantibody. This is the first report of the association of @entity8 with @entity9 . We suggest that all @entity0 with @entity9 be screened periodically for erythrocyte autoantibodies. Plasmapheresis, a safe ancillary procedure in the management of @entity8 , may be life-saving in some cases. The occurrence of erythrocyte autoantibodies in @entity9 may be related to @entity1 in this disease.

title: @entity8 in XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: The electrophysiologic effects of intravenous (i.v.) and oral @entity2 were evaluated in 14 @entity0 with @entity4 and in 10 @entity0 with @entity3 reentrant @entity1 . The effective refractory periods of the right atrium and the AV node increased after both preparations. In @entity0 with @entity4 , i.v. @entity2 blocked anterograde accessory pathway conduction in 2 @entity0 and retrograde conduction in 1; during oral therapy, accessory pathway conduction block occurred in 2 additional @entity0 . The mean cycle length of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) increased from 338 +/- 60 ms to 387 +/- 56 ms (p less than 0.05) after i.v. application, and from 336 +/- 65 ms to 367 +/- 65 ms (p less than 0.05) during oral @entity2 . The shortest pacing interval maintaining a 1:1 AV conduction increased from 325 +/- 65 ms to 368 +/- 81 ms (p less than 0.05) after i.v. infusion, and from 333 +/- 57 ms to 369 +/- 75 ms (p less than 0.05) during oral therapy. There was no difference in the electrophysiologic effects between i.v. and oral @entity2 . The induction of @entity5 was prevented by i.v. @entity2 in 10 of 20 @entity0 and in 4 additional @entity0 with oral @entity2 . During follow-up, 6 of 7 @entity0 , whose @entity5 could not be initiated by electrophysiologic drug testing, remained free from recurrences, whereas 5 of 7 @entity0 with inducible @entity1 had recurrences of @entity5 . Thus, in @entity0 with @entity5 , @entity2 prolonged accessory pathway and AV nodal conduction and had a beneficial effect on circus @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Usefulness of programmed stimulation in predicting efficacy of XXXX in long-term antiarrhythmic therapy for paroxysmal @entity5 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The electrophysiologic effects of intravenous (i.v.) and oral @entity2 were evaluated in 14 @entity0 with @entity4 and in 10 @entity0 with @entity3 reentrant @entity1 . The effective refractory periods of the right atrium and the AV node increased after both preparations. In @entity0 with @entity4 , i.v. @entity2 blocked anterograde accessory pathway conduction in 2 @entity0 and retrograde conduction in 1; during oral therapy, accessory pathway conduction block occurred in 2 additional @entity0 . The mean cycle length of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) increased from 338 +/- 60 ms to 387 +/- 56 ms (p less than 0.05) after i.v. application, and from 336 +/- 65 ms to 367 +/- 65 ms (p less than 0.05) during oral @entity2 . The shortest pacing interval maintaining a 1:1 AV conduction increased from 325 +/- 65 ms to 368 +/- 81 ms (p less than 0.05) after i.v. infusion, and from 333 +/- 57 ms to 369 +/- 75 ms (p less than 0.05) during oral therapy. There was no difference in the electrophysiologic effects between i.v. and oral @entity2 . The induction of @entity5 was prevented by i.v. @entity2 in 10 of 20 @entity0 and in 4 additional @entity0 with oral @entity2 . During follow-up, 6 of 7 @entity0 , whose @entity5 could not be initiated by electrophysiologic drug testing, remained free from recurrences, whereas 5 of 7 @entity0 with inducible @entity1 had recurrences of @entity5 . Thus, in @entity0 with @entity5 , @entity2 prolonged accessory pathway and AV nodal conduction and had a beneficial effect on circus @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Usefulness of programmed stimulation in predicting efficacy of @entity2 in long-term antiarrhythmic therapy for paroxysmal XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders with more than 90 genes associated with the different subtypes. Sequential gene screening is gradually being replaced by next generation sequencing (NGS) applications. METHODS: We designed and validated a targeted NGS panel assay including 56 genes associated with known causes of @entity2 . We report our findings following NGS panel testing of 448 @entity0 with different types of clinically-suspected @entity2 . RESULTS: Genetic diagnosis was achieved in 137 @entity0 (31  %) and involved 195 pathogenic variants in 31 genes. 93 @entity0 had pathogenic variants in genes where a resulting phenotype follows dominant inheritance, 32 in genes where this would follow recessive inheritance, and 12 presented with @entity1 . Almost half of the diagnosed @entity0 (64) had a pathogenic variant either in genes not previously available for routine diagnostic testing in a UK laboratory (50 @entity0 ) or in genes whose primary clinical association was not @entity2 (14). Seven @entity0 had a pathogenic variant in a gene not hitherto indicated from their phenotype and three @entity0 had more than one pathogenic variant, explaining their complex phenotype and providing information essential for accurate prediction of recurrence risks. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that targeted gene panel testing is an unbiased approach which overcomes the limitations imposed by limited existing knowledge for rare genes, reveals high heterogeneity, and provides high diagnostic yield. It is therefore a highly efficient and cost effective tool for achieving a genetic diagnosis for @entity2 .

title: Application of targeted multi-gene panel testing for the diagnosis of XXXX provides a high diagnostic yield with unexpected phenotype-genotype variability.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Objective: This study examines the efficacy of the @entity3 transdermal system (BTDS) for reducing the interference of @entity1 on physical and emotional functioning associated with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Methods: A post-hoc analysis used data from a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 . The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) measured @entity1 interference at screening, following a run-in period, and during the 12-week double-blind treatment phase. Statistical analyses examined treatment arm differences (BTDS vs placebo) for the following: BPI Interference subscale items and subscale scores at the trial end point (week 12); patterns of change in the Interference subscale scores over time; proportions of @entity0 indicating mild or no interference following treatment; and proportions of @entity0 showing improvement (30%, 50%, 2-point, or 4-point change in score from screening to week 12) for each item and subscale. Results: Mean scores for BPI Interference items and Interference subscale were significantly lower (ie, indicated less interference) for BTDS than for placebo (all P < 0.001). Treatment arm differences in Interference subscale scores emerged within 4 weeks of treatment. The BTDS @entity0 were significantly more likely to indicate mild/no interference on 5 of 7 Interference subscale items following treatment (P < 0.05). For most comparisons, BTDS @entity0 were significantly more likely to show criterion-level improvements in Interference item and subscale scores (P < 0.05 for differences). Discussion: Results indicate the efficacy of BTDS treatment, compared with placebo, for reducing the interference of @entity1 on physical and emotional functioning in @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 . The advantage of BTDS was observed within 4 weeks of treatment, and was maintained throughout the 12-week treatment phase.

title: @entity3 transdermal system compared with placebo reduces interference in functioning for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Objective: This study examines the efficacy of the @entity3 transdermal system (BTDS) for reducing the interference of @entity1 on physical and emotional functioning associated with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Methods: A post-hoc analysis used data from a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 . The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) measured @entity1 interference at screening, following a run-in period, and during the 12-week double-blind treatment phase. Statistical analyses examined treatment arm differences (BTDS vs placebo) for the following: BPI Interference subscale items and subscale scores at the trial end point (week 12); patterns of change in the Interference subscale scores over time; proportions of @entity0 indicating mild or no interference following treatment; and proportions of @entity0 showing improvement (30%, 50%, 2-point, or 4-point change in score from screening to week 12) for each item and subscale. Results: Mean scores for BPI Interference items and Interference subscale were significantly lower (ie, indicated less interference) for BTDS than for placebo (all P < 0.001). Treatment arm differences in Interference subscale scores emerged within 4 weeks of treatment. The BTDS @entity0 were significantly more likely to indicate mild/no interference on 5 of 7 Interference subscale items following treatment (P < 0.05). For most comparisons, BTDS @entity0 were significantly more likely to show criterion-level improvements in Interference item and subscale scores (P < 0.05 for differences). Discussion: Results indicate the efficacy of BTDS treatment, compared with placebo, for reducing the interference of @entity1 on physical and emotional functioning in @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 . The advantage of BTDS was observed within 4 weeks of treatment, and was maintained throughout the 12-week treatment phase.

title: XXXX transdermal system compared with placebo reduces interference in functioning for @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In vivo methods to study gallbladder contractility either equate gallbladder emptying with contraction or have relied on changes in gallbladder intravesicular pressure to reflect active transmural tension. We therefore devised an animal model in which the contractile force of the intact gallbladder is measured directly while the blood and neural supply remains uncompromised. Under general anesthesia one pole of the @entity1 gallbladder is anchored to the sternum and the other connected to a force displacement transducer. Any contraction--relaxation between these two points is recorded. This model was validated by measuring gallbladder response to both neuronal and humoral stimulation. Nerve stimulation was accomplished by means of two @entity0 collar electrodes placed in contact with the cystic duct. With nerve stimulation, a frequency (0.5-10 Hz) or amplitude (1-10 V) dependent contraction occurred. Intravenous @entity4 (10 X 10(4) ng . kg-1 . h-1) and @entity3 (3 X 10(4) ng . kg-1 . h-1) both induced dose-dependent @entity2 . This model should prove useful in assessing the physiologic control of @entity2 .

title: Direct determination of the contractility of the XXXX gallbladder: a new in vivo model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: As a type of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), vascular EDs (vEDS) is typified by a number of characteristic facial features (eg, large eyes, small chin, sunken cheeks, thin nose and lips, lobeless ears). However, vEDs does not typically display @entity9 and skin hyperextensibility, which are features typical of the more common forms of @entity6 . Thus, colonic perforation or @entity3 may be the first presentation of the disease. Because both complications are associated with a reduced life expectancy for individuals with this condition, an awareness of the clinical features of vEDS is important.Here, we describe the treatment of vEDS lacking the characteristic facial attributes in a 24-year-old healthy @entity0 who presented to the emergency room with @entity1 . Enhanced computed tomography revealed @entity7 and perforation in the sigmoid colon. The lesion of the sigmoid colon perforation was removed, and Hartmann procedure was performed. During the surgery, the control of @entity2 was required because of @entity4 . Subsequent molecular and genetic analysis was performed based on the suspected diagnosis of vEDS. These analyses revealed reduced type III collagen synthesis in cultured skin fibroblasts and identified a previously undocumented mutation in the gene for a1 type III collagen, confirming the diagnosis of vEDS. After eliciting a detailed medical profile, we learned his mother had a history of extensive @entity5 since childhood and idiopathic hematothorax. Both were prescribed oral @entity8 . One year after admission, the @entity0 was free of recurrent perforation.This case illustrates an awareness of the clinical characteristics of vEDS and the family history is important because of the high mortality from this condition even in young @entity0 . Importantly, genetic assays could help in determining the surgical procedure and offer benefits to relatives since this condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.

title: XXXX without the characteristic facial features: a case report.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity4 , 400 mg, was compared with 300 mg @entity3 plus 30 mg of @entity5 and placebo in 120 post-orthopedic surgery @entity0 with moderate to severe @entity1 . The study was designed as a double-blind, single-dose, parallel-group analgesic efficacy assay. Estimates of @entity2 were obtained up to 6 h using categorical and visual analog measures of @entity1 intensity and @entity1 relief. Estimates of selected elements of mood and of sensory and affective components of @entity1 were obtained at 0 and 2 h using contrasting mood word/phrase pairs and a portion of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, respectively. Drugs were distinguishable from placebo in total analgesic effect, and @entity4 was more effective than @entity3 plus @entity5 , especially in terms of duration. While peak effects were comparable, they occurred 1 h later following @entity4 . Differences among treatments were more discernible using visual analog measures. Side effects were minimal. @entity4 provided greater improvement in selected elements of mood than @entity3 plus @entity5 at comparable levels of @entity1 relief. While @entity1 were most highly associated with @entity1 relief provided by @entity4 , decreases in the affective component were most highly associated with @entity1 relief following @entity3 plus @entity5 . These latter results indicate that mood assessment and the discrimination between sensory and affective components of @entity1 could be particularly useful within analgesic drug assays, especially when comparing analgesics of differing pharmacologic class and when comparing the results of such assays in @entity1 syndromes characterized by differing @entity1 quality.

title: Efficacy and quality of @entity4 and XXXX plus @entity5 @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 , 400 mg, was compared with 300 mg @entity3 plus 30 mg of @entity5 and placebo in 120 post-orthopedic surgery @entity0 with moderate to severe @entity1 . The study was designed as a double-blind, single-dose, parallel-group analgesic efficacy assay. Estimates of @entity2 were obtained up to 6 h using categorical and visual analog measures of @entity1 intensity and @entity1 relief. Estimates of selected elements of mood and of sensory and affective components of @entity1 were obtained at 0 and 2 h using contrasting mood word/phrase pairs and a portion of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, respectively. Drugs were distinguishable from placebo in total analgesic effect, and @entity4 was more effective than @entity3 plus @entity5 , especially in terms of duration. While peak effects were comparable, they occurred 1 h later following @entity4 . Differences among treatments were more discernible using visual analog measures. Side effects were minimal. @entity4 provided greater improvement in selected elements of mood than @entity3 plus @entity5 at comparable levels of @entity1 relief. While @entity1 were most highly associated with @entity1 relief provided by @entity4 , decreases in the affective component were most highly associated with @entity1 relief following @entity3 plus @entity5 . These latter results indicate that mood assessment and the discrimination between sensory and affective components of @entity1 could be particularly useful within analgesic drug assays, especially when comparing analgesics of differing pharmacologic class and when comparing the results of such assays in @entity1 syndromes characterized by differing @entity1 quality.

title: Efficacy and quality of @entity4 and @entity3 plus XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity4 , 400 mg, was compared with 300 mg @entity3 plus 30 mg of @entity5 and placebo in 120 post-orthopedic surgery @entity0 with moderate to severe @entity1 . The study was designed as a double-blind, single-dose, parallel-group analgesic efficacy assay. Estimates of @entity2 were obtained up to 6 h using categorical and visual analog measures of @entity1 intensity and @entity1 relief. Estimates of selected elements of mood and of sensory and affective components of @entity1 were obtained at 0 and 2 h using contrasting mood word/phrase pairs and a portion of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, respectively. Drugs were distinguishable from placebo in total analgesic effect, and @entity4 was more effective than @entity3 plus @entity5 , especially in terms of duration. While peak effects were comparable, they occurred 1 h later following @entity4 . Differences among treatments were more discernible using visual analog measures. Side effects were minimal. @entity4 provided greater improvement in selected elements of mood than @entity3 plus @entity5 at comparable levels of @entity1 relief. While @entity1 were most highly associated with @entity1 relief provided by @entity4 , decreases in the affective component were most highly associated with @entity1 relief following @entity3 plus @entity5 . These latter results indicate that mood assessment and the discrimination between sensory and affective components of @entity1 could be particularly useful within analgesic drug assays, especially when comparing analgesics of differing pharmacologic class and when comparing the results of such assays in @entity1 syndromes characterized by differing @entity1 quality.

title: Efficacy and quality of @entity4 and @entity3 plus @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 , 400 mg, was compared with 300 mg @entity3 plus 30 mg of @entity5 and placebo in 120 post-orthopedic surgery @entity0 with moderate to severe @entity1 . The study was designed as a double-blind, single-dose, parallel-group analgesic efficacy assay. Estimates of @entity2 were obtained up to 6 h using categorical and visual analog measures of @entity1 intensity and @entity1 relief. Estimates of selected elements of mood and of sensory and affective components of @entity1 were obtained at 0 and 2 h using contrasting mood word/phrase pairs and a portion of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, respectively. Drugs were distinguishable from placebo in total analgesic effect, and @entity4 was more effective than @entity3 plus @entity5 , especially in terms of duration. While peak effects were comparable, they occurred 1 h later following @entity4 . Differences among treatments were more discernible using visual analog measures. Side effects were minimal. @entity4 provided greater improvement in selected elements of mood than @entity3 plus @entity5 at comparable levels of @entity1 relief. While @entity1 were most highly associated with @entity1 relief provided by @entity4 , decreases in the affective component were most highly associated with @entity1 relief following @entity3 plus @entity5 . These latter results indicate that mood assessment and the discrimination between sensory and affective components of @entity1 could be particularly useful within analgesic drug assays, especially when comparing analgesics of differing pharmacologic class and when comparing the results of such assays in @entity1 syndromes characterized by differing @entity1 quality.

title: Efficacy and quality of XXXX and @entity3 plus @entity5 @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: With >24 million @entity0 affected worldwide, @entity4 is one of the main public health challenges modern medicine has to face. The path leading to @entity4 is often long, with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, and preceded by a long preclinical phase. Previous studies have demonstrated that clinical @entity1 and @entity5 of the brain contribute to the risk for developing @entity4 . Although it is not yet known whether preventing such lesions reduces the risk for @entity4 , it is likely that starting preventive measures early in the course of the disease may be beneficial. Echocardiography is a widely available, relatively inexpensive, noninvasive imaging modality whereby morphologically or hemodynamically derived parameters may be integrated easily into a risk assessment model for @entity4 . The aim of this review is to analyze the information that has accumulated over the past two decades on the prognostic value of echocardiographic factors in @entity2 . The associations between @entity2 and echocardiographic parameters, including left ventricular systolic and diastolic indices, left @entity6 , left ventricular mass, and aortic root diameter, have previously been reported. In the light of these studies, it appears that echocardiography may help further improve currently used risk assessment models by allowing detection of subclinical @entity3 associated with future @entity2 . However, many limitations, including methodologic heterogeneity and the observational designs of these studies, restrict the scope of these results. Further prospective studies are required before integrating echocardiography into a preventive strategy.

title: Relationship between XXXX and Echocardiographic Parameters: A Review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 (citrin or aspartate-glutamate carrier 2) is located in the mitochondrial membrane in the liver and its @entity2 causes adult-onset @entity8 ( @entity9 ). @entity9 is one of the @entity5 characterized by @entity4 due to reduced argininosuccinate synthase activity. This disorder is frequently accompanied with hepatosteatosis in the absence of @entity1 and ethanol consumption. However, the precise mechanism of steatogenesis remains unclear. The expression of genes associated with fatty acid (FA) and triglyceride (TG) metabolism was examined using liver samples obtained from 16 @entity9 @entity0 and compared with 7 healthy individuals. Although expression of hepatic genes associated with lipogenesis and TG hydrolysis was not changed, the mRNAs encoding enzymes/proteins involved in FA oxidation (carnitine palmitoyl-CoA transferase 1a, medium- and very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, and acyl-CoA oxidase 1), very-low-density lipoprotein secretion (microsomal TG transfer protein), and FA transport ( @entity6 and FA-binding protein 1), were markedly suppressed in @entity9 patients. Serum concentrations of ketone bodies were also decreased in these @entity0 , suggesting reduced mitochondrial b-oxidation activity. Consistent with these findings, the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), a master regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism, was significantly down-regulated. Hepatic @entity7 expression was inversely correlated with severity of @entity3 and circulating ammonia and citrulline levels. Additionally, phosphorylation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase was enhanced in @entity9 livers, which was likely associated with lower hepatic @entity7 . Collectively, down-regulation of @entity7 is associated with steatogenesis in @entity9 @entity0 . These findings provide a novel link between @entity5 , lipid metabolism, and @entity7 .

title: Steatogenesis in adult-onset @entity8 is associated with down-regulation of XXXX

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 (citrin or aspartate-glutamate carrier 2) is located in the mitochondrial membrane in the liver and its @entity2 causes adult-onset @entity8 ( @entity9 ). @entity9 is one of the @entity5 characterized by @entity4 due to reduced argininosuccinate synthase activity. This disorder is frequently accompanied with hepatosteatosis in the absence of @entity1 and ethanol consumption. However, the precise mechanism of steatogenesis remains unclear. The expression of genes associated with fatty acid (FA) and triglyceride (TG) metabolism was examined using liver samples obtained from 16 @entity9 @entity0 and compared with 7 healthy individuals. Although expression of hepatic genes associated with lipogenesis and TG hydrolysis was not changed, the mRNAs encoding enzymes/proteins involved in FA oxidation (carnitine palmitoyl-CoA transferase 1a, medium- and very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, and acyl-CoA oxidase 1), very-low-density lipoprotein secretion (microsomal TG transfer protein), and FA transport ( @entity6 and FA-binding protein 1), were markedly suppressed in @entity9 patients. Serum concentrations of ketone bodies were also decreased in these @entity0 , suggesting reduced mitochondrial b-oxidation activity. Consistent with these findings, the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), a master regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism, was significantly down-regulated. Hepatic @entity7 expression was inversely correlated with severity of @entity3 and circulating ammonia and citrulline levels. Additionally, phosphorylation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase was enhanced in @entity9 livers, which was likely associated with lower hepatic @entity7 . Collectively, down-regulation of @entity7 is associated with steatogenesis in @entity9 @entity0 . These findings provide a novel link between @entity5 , lipid metabolism, and @entity7 .

title: Steatogenesis in adult-onset XXXX is associated with down-regulation of @entity7

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 and @entity2 are @entity0 pesticides (OPPs), we studied exposure and urinary metabolites in an agricultural area in the northeastern of Thailand during the chili-growing season (March - April) in 2012. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess pesticide exposure concentration through dermal and inhalation pathways and to find and depict a relationship between urinary metabolites and means of exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To estimate the pesticides exposure concentration, dermal wipes (hand, face, and feet), dermal patches and air samples were collected from 38 chili farmers. The morning void of pre and post application urine samples was an indicator of biological monitoring in the study which derived from 39 chili farmers. RESULTS: @entity1 and profenofos residues were detected on dermal patches, face wipes, and hand wipe samples, while no significant residues were found on the feet. Using a personal air sampling technique, all air samples detected pesticide residues. However, significant correlation between dermal pesticide exposure concentration and inhalation was not found (p>0.05). For urinary metabolite levels, there was a relationship between the first pre application morning void and post application morning void (p < 0.05); similar to the association between the first pre application morning void and the second post application morning void (p < 0.05). The main relationship between pesticide exposure and urinary metabolite was found to have been relevant to dermal exposure (r= 0.405; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study could suggested that public health education training programs, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), should be offered for the chili growing farmers in order to improve their ability to properly use pesticides. KEY WORDS: pesticide exposure, chili farmers, urinary metabolites, @entity0 pesticides.

title: XXXX pesticide exposure and dialkyl phosphate urinary metabolites among chili farmers in northeastern Thailand.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The mandible can be modelled as a triangular plate supported at two joints and the point of occlusion. The mandible is stable if the vector of the jaw-closing muscle forces lies within the triangle of support. If this vector lies outside of the triangle of support, one of the three contact points will tend to separate as the mandible rotates around a line connecting the other two points. Here, we examined whether postero-inferior condylar movements (Pi-Cm) due to mandibular rotation may occur during fictive mastication in anaesthetized @entity1 . METHODS: EMG activities of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and lateral pterygoid (LP) muscles and movements of the condyle and incisal points were recorded. Condylar movements in the sagittal plane were recorded using a high speed CCD camera. RESULTS: Pi-Cm were observed on the working side during occlusal phase in half of the @entity1 (altered-movement group), if the biting point was restricted at the posterior most tooth (M3) on the working side using a metal biting plate. Pi-Cm appeared in the period between the estimated maximum force of the @entity3 and the LP during late occlusal phase. The @entity3 EMG ratio between the working and balancing sides in the altered-movement group was significantly less than that in the unaltered-movement group. CONCLUSION: Since the space lying between the condyle and the articular eminence expanded during the Pi-Cm, it is likely that the posterior band of the articular disc tended to slip anteriorly. The clinical significance of the Pi-Cm is discussed concerning the anterior dislocation of the disc in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Unusual postero-inferior condylar movements that depend on the position of occlusal contact during fictive mastication in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The influence of environmental and climatic factors on @entity2 vector bionomics and transmission is an important topic in the context of climatic change particularly at macro-geographical level. Sahelian areas could be particularly affected due to heterogeneous features including high inter-annual variability in rainfall and others associated parameters. Therefore, baseline information on the impact of environmental and climatic factors on @entity2 transmission at micro-geographical level is required for vector risk management and implementation of control strategies. METHODS: Malaria vectors were collected indoors by pyrethrum spray catches in 14 villages belonging to 4 different landscape classes (wooded savanna, shrubby savanna, bare soils and steppe) in the sylvo-pastoral area of Senegal. @entity3 @entity1 rates were determined using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: An. arabiensis was the predominant species in all landscape classes and was the only species collected at the end of the rainy season excepted in villages located in bare soils where it cohabited with An. coluzzii. Mean temperature and relative humidity showed similar variations in all the landscape classes covered whereas rainfall was more heterogeneous in terms of pattern, frequency and amount. The mean densities of An. arabiensis displayed high seasonal differences with peaks observed in August or September. A positive non-significant correlation was observed between An. arabiensis densities for rainfall and humidity whereas a negative non-significant correlation was reported for temperature. @entity3 -infected mosquitoes were detected only in wooded savanna and bare soils villages. CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest key roles played by landscape classes and rainfall in @entity2 vector densities, @entity1 rates and @entity2 transmission that could be more pronounced in villages situated in wooded savanna and bare soils. Due to the close relationship between environmental and meteorological parameters in this Sahelian region, additional studies on the impact of these parameters are required to further ascertain their association with entomological parameters involved in @entity2 transmission. From the public health point of view, such information could be useful for @entity0 population settlements as well as for monitoring and modelling purposes giving early warning system for implementation of interventions in these unstable transmission zones.

title: Anopheles arabiensis seasonal densities and XXXX rates in relation to landscape classes and climatic parameters in a Sahelian area of Senegal.

answer: @entity1