abstract: RATIONALE: The influence of @entity0 on the perception of respiratory discomfort during acute bronchoconstriction in @entity2 is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that the @entity4 associated with an increased body mass index (BMI) would predispose to greater perceived symptom intensity during acute airway narrowing. We therefore compared relationships between induced changes in @entity3 intensity and lung function during @entity5 (MCh) bronchoprovocation in @entity0 (OBA) and normal-weight (NWA) individuals with @entity2 of mild to moderate severity. METHODS: High-dose MCh challenge tests to a maximum 50% decrease in FEV(1) were conducted in 51 NWA (BMI, 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2); 29% male) and 45 OBA (BMI, 30.1-51.4 kg/m(2); 33% male) between 20 and 60 years of age. Serial spirometry, inspiratory capacity (IC), plethysmographic end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) and @entity3 intensity using the Borg scale were measured throughout bronchoprovocation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Spirometry and airway sensitivity were similar in both groups; baseline EELV was lower (P < 0.0005) and IC was higher (P = 0.007) in OBA compared with NWA. From baseline to PC(20), EELV increased more in OBA (20% predicted) than NWA (13% predicted) (P = 0.008) with concomitant greater reductions in IC (P < 0.0005). Dyspnea ratings were not different for a given FEV(1) or IC across groups. By mixed effects regression analysis, relationships between induced @entity3 and changes in lung function parameters were not influenced by BMI, sex, or their interaction. CONCLUSIONS: Perceptual responses to MCh-induced @entity1 were similar in @entity0 and normal-weight individuals with @entity2 despite significant group differences in baseline lung volumes.

title: Effects of XXXX on perceptual and mechanical responses to bronchoconstriction in @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: RATIONALE: The influence of @entity0 on the perception of respiratory discomfort during acute bronchoconstriction in @entity2 is unknown. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that the @entity4 associated with an increased body mass index (BMI) would predispose to greater perceived symptom intensity during acute airway narrowing. We therefore compared relationships between induced changes in @entity3 intensity and lung function during @entity5 (MCh) bronchoprovocation in @entity0 (OBA) and normal-weight (NWA) individuals with @entity2 of mild to moderate severity. METHODS: High-dose MCh challenge tests to a maximum 50% decrease in FEV(1) were conducted in 51 NWA (BMI, 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2); 29% male) and 45 OBA (BMI, 30.1-51.4 kg/m(2); 33% male) between 20 and 60 years of age. Serial spirometry, inspiratory capacity (IC), plethysmographic end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) and @entity3 intensity using the Borg scale were measured throughout bronchoprovocation. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Spirometry and airway sensitivity were similar in both groups; baseline EELV was lower (P < 0.0005) and IC was higher (P = 0.007) in OBA compared with NWA. From baseline to PC(20), EELV increased more in OBA (20% predicted) than NWA (13% predicted) (P = 0.008) with concomitant greater reductions in IC (P < 0.0005). Dyspnea ratings were not different for a given FEV(1) or IC across groups. By mixed effects regression analysis, relationships between induced @entity3 and changes in lung function parameters were not influenced by BMI, sex, or their interaction. CONCLUSIONS: Perceptual responses to MCh-induced @entity1 were similar in @entity0 and normal-weight individuals with @entity2 despite significant group differences in baseline lung volumes.

title: Effects of @entity0 on perceptual and mechanical responses to bronchoconstriction in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate characteristic clinical features and outcome for @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the maxillary antrum. @entity0 AND METHODS: Twenty-two @entity0 with @entity3 of the maxillary antrum were initially treated with surgery alone (3 @entity0 ), radiation alone (9 @entity0 ), or a combination of surgery and radiation (10 @entity0 ). Salvage treatment for initial failure was individualized. Patterns of failure, survival, and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The most frequent site of failure was local recurrence at the primary site (72.7%). All @entity0 treated with either surgery alone or radiation alone experienced one or more local recurrences, whereas @entity0 who received planned combined surgery and radiation had a much lower local recurrence rate (40%). Neck node failure (4.6%) was an uncommon event, whereas distant metastases were clinically documented in seven @entity0 (32%). Most of the treatment failures appeared within 5 years, but treatment failures after 5 years were not uncommon. The overall survival and disease-free survival rates at 10 years were 37.6% and 13.6%, respectively. Clinicopathological factors, such as location of @entity1 , @entity1 stage, and histological grade were of no value in predicting a favorable survival. The significant prognostic factors influencing 10-year survival were the pathological finding of perineural invasion and the initial mode of treatment. CONCLUSION: @entity3 of the maxillary antrum represented a unique natural history characterized by a more @entity2 behavior and an unfavorable prognosis. Combined surgery and radiotherapy is recommended for optimal local control and survival.

title: XXXX of the maxillary antrum.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Bacterial fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes synthesize fructan polymers from @entity2 . FTFs catalyse two different reactions, depending on the nature of the acceptor, resulting in: (i) transglycosylation, when the growing fructan chain (polymerization), or mono- and oligosaccharides (oligosaccharide synthesis), are used as the acceptor substrate; (ii) hydrolysis, when water is used as the acceptor. @entity3 121 levansucrase (Lev) and inulosucrase (Inu) enzymes are closely related at the @entity1 sequence level (86 % similarity). Also, the eight @entity1 residues known to be involved in catalysis and/or @entity2 binding are completely conserved. Nevertheless, these enzymes differ markedly in their reaction and product specificities, i.e. in beta(2-->6)- versus beta(2-->1)-glycosidic-bond specificity (resulting in levan and inulin synthesis, respectively), and in the ratio of hydrolysis versus transglycosylation activities [resulting in @entity0 and fructooligosaccharides (FOSs)/polymer synthesis, respectively]. The authors report a detailed characterization of the transglycosylation reaction products synthesized by the Lb. @entity3 121 Lev and Inu enzymes from @entity2 and related oligosaccharide substrates. Lev mainly converted @entity2 into a large levan polymer (processive reaction), whereas Inu synthesized mainly a broad range of FOSs of the inulin type (non-processive reaction). Interestingly, the two FTF enzymes were also able to utilize various inulin-type FOSs ( @entity4 , 1,1-nystose and @entity5 ) as substrates, catalysing a disproportionation reaction; to the best of our knowledge, this has not been reported for bacterial FTF enzymes. Based on these data, a model is proposed for the organization of the sugar-binding subsites in the two Lb. @entity3 121 FTF enzymes. This model also explains the catalytic mechanism of the enzymes, and differences in their product specificities.

title: The levansucrase and inulosucrase enzymes of XXXX 121 catalyse processive and non-processive transglycosylation reactions.

answer: @entity3


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: Central pancreatectomy has been used sparingly because the spectrum of indications is quite narrow. Although historically used for traumatic pancreatic transection and chronic @entity8 , it currently is reserved for selective management of @entity7 that are benign or have low malignant potential. Varying morbidity rates have been published in the literature. Our objectives were to describe the technique and determine the safety and effectiveness of central pancreatectomy in the excision of benign or low-malignant potential lesions of the @entity11 . DESIGN: Retrospective clinicopathologic data review. SETTING: The Mayo Clinic surgical index was used to identify procedures matched for central, median, middle, or middle segment pancreatectomy. @entity0 : Eight @entity0 (4 @entity0 , 4 @entity0 ) underwent central pancreatectomy between 1998 and 2004. INTERVENTION: @entity0 with @entity11 or proximal body masses underwent central pancreatectomy at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity0 were followed up closely for @entity5 during the initial hospital admission. On follow-up, long-term endocrine and exocrine function were determined based on laboratory values and @entity0 history. RESULTS: Abnormalities included 3 islet cell @entity1 , 2 @entity12 , a @entity10 , a @entity3 , and a @entity9 . Mean @entity1 size was 2.8 cm and mean operative time was 4.8 hours with a mean @entity4 of 381 mL. The most common complication was @entity8 (5 @entity0 [63%]). Reoperation was necessary in 2 @entity0 (25%), both secondary to @entity6 . There was no mortality or new-onset @entity2 . One @entity0 transiently required oral pancreatic enzyme supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: Central pancreatectomy may preserve endocrine and exocrine function. While mortality is low, in our experience, central pancreatectomy is associated with a high complication rate. The most common complication is @entity8 . Caution is necessary when using central pancreatectomy in the treatment of @entity7 . Surgeon experience is of utmost importance in this decision-making process as well as the technical aspects of central pancreatectomy. The precise role of central pancreatectomy in the management of benign or low-malignant potential lesions of the neck of the pancreas remains in evolution.

title: Central pancreatectomy: a technique for the resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND METHODS: There is accumulating data on the clinical benefit of aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant treatment of @entity0 in postmenopausal @entity1 . The @entity4 -98 study is a randomized, phase 3, double-blind trial comparing four adjuvant endocrine treatments of 5 years duration in postmenopausal @entity1 with hormone-receptor-positive @entity0 : @entity3 or @entity2 monotherapy, sequential treatment with @entity2 followed by @entity3 , or vice versa. This article summarizes data presented at the 2009 St. Gallen early @entity0 conference: an update on the monotherapy arms of the @entity4 -98 study, and results from the sequential treatment arms. Implications for daily practice from @entity4 -98 and from other adjuvant trials will be discussed. RESULTS: Despite cross-over from @entity2 to @entity3 by 25% of the @entity1 after unblinding of the @entity2 monotherapy arm, the improvement of disease-free survival (HR 0.88, 0.78-0.99, p = 0.03) and time to distant recurrence (HR 0.85, 0.72-1.00, p = 0.05) for @entity3 monotherapy as compared to @entity2 monotherapy remained significant in the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. A trend for an overall survival advantage for @entity3 was seen in the ITT analysis (HR 0.87, 0.75-1.02, p = 0.08). No statistically significant differences were found for the sequential treatment arms versus @entity3 monotherapy, with respect to disease-free survival, time to distant recurrence or overall survival. Cumulative incidence analysis of @entity0 recurrence favors the initiation of adjuvant endocrine treatment with @entity3 instead of @entity2 , especially in @entity1 at higher risk for early recurrence. Similarly, data suggest that @entity1 commenced on @entity3 can be switched to @entity2 after 2 years, if required. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity4 -98 study update with median follow up of 76 months confirms a significant reduction in the risk of @entity0 recurrence and a trend towards improved overall survival with @entity3 as compared to @entity2 , and no unexpected safety concerns with @entity3 . Adjuvant endocrine treatment should preferentially be initiated with @entity3 . For @entity1 unable to continue @entity3 , switching to @entity2 appears to be an acceptable alternative.

title: Update of the XXXX -98 Trial: where do we stand?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Yan-dong-gua (fermented wax gourd; a traditional fermented food in Taiwan) samples were collected at five time intervals from a fixed fermenting bucket. Eighty-five cultures of @entity0 bacteria (LAB) were isolated from Yan-dong-gua samples, and the isolates were divided into classes by phenotype and then groups by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of 16S ribosomal DNA. Phenotypic and biochemical characteristics identified two bacterial groups (A and B) and showed that the majority of the isolates were heterofermentative LAB. @entity4 was the major LAB found during the initial fermentation of yan-dong-gua. However, it was mostly replaced by W. paramesenteroides after 5 days of fermentation. All isolated LAB were able to grow in @entity3 broth containing 6% @entity1 . Furthermore, the antibacterial activities of the isolates were determined, and five of the isolates showed inhibitory activities against the indicator strain @entity2 . sakei @entity2 (T). These results suggest that @entity4 and W. paramesenteroides are the main LAB present during the fermentation of yan-dong-gua. This is the first report describing the distribution and varieties of LAB that exist in the yan-dong-gua fermentation process.

title: Isolation and characterization of XXXX bacteria from Yan-dong-gua (fermented wax gourd), a traditional fermented food in Taiwan.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between @entity1 and body mass index (BMI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which was conducted in three primary schools located in Duzce. A total of 1,282 @entity0 between 7 and 12 years of age were evaluated and the size of their tonsils was investigated with regard to height and weight. This study was performed in the course of school screening, and the correlation between estimated tonsil size and BMIs of the @entity0 was investigated. RESULTS: Sixteen of 1,282 students were excluded from the study, leaving 1,266 @entity0 in the study. The mean (+/-SD) age of the @entity0 was 9.13 +/- 1.45 (range 7-12) years. The mean height of the 1,266 @entity0 was 129.07 +/- 9.95 (range 105-163) cm, the mean weight was 28.81 +/- 6.96 (range 15-68) kg, and the mean BMI was 17.09 +/- 2.33 (range 12.07-30.0) kg/m(2). There was no statistically significant effect of tonsil size on BMI. We could not find a significant relation of isolated @entity1 with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: No relation could be found between @entity1 and BMI.

title: Relation of isolated XXXX with body mass index.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In @entity9 ( @entity9 ) @entity0 , the changes in body appearance (mainly @entity1 and @entity7 ) may influence the feminine identity of the @entity0 with consequent @entity3 and @entity4 . AIM: To evaluate if lean @entity9 @entity0 present an increased incidence of @entity3 and @entity2 in comparison with controls and if clitoral volume and vascularization are influenced by circulating @entity10 levels. METHODS: 25 lean @entity9 @entity0 (Group I) and 18 healthy nonhirsute volunteers (Group II) were submitted, on day 3-5 of the cycle, to ultrasonographic and Doppler analyses, and to hormonal and biochemical evaluations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Utero-ovarian and clitoral ultrasonographic analysis, and color Doppler evaluation of the uterine, stromal ovarian, and dorsal clitoral arteries. Hormonal and @entity5 / @entity6 plasma concentrations were analyzed. Each @entity0 filled in the 2-factor Italian McCoy female questionnaire (MFSQ) and the Beck's @entity3 Inventory questionnaire (BDI). RESULTS: Androgens resulted, as expected, more elevated in @entity9 @entity0 than in controls. However, the ultrasonographic (US) assessment of the clitoral body volume evidenced no significant differences between @entity9 (0.72+/-0.41 mL) and control (0.62+/-0.20 mL) @entity0 . The resistances registered at the level of the dorsal clitoral artery did not show any difference between Group I (PI=1.55+/-0.40) and Group II (PI=1.79+/-0.38). The 2-factor Italian MFSQ and the BDI did not show any difference between @entity9 @entity0 and controls. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity9 @entity0 , probably, the moderate @entity7 and @entity8 do not induce the sense of loss of feminine identity and have no impact on @entity4 .

title: XXXX , @entity4 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity9


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In @entity9 ( @entity9 ) @entity0 , the changes in body appearance (mainly @entity1 and @entity7 ) may influence the feminine identity of the @entity0 with consequent @entity3 and @entity4 . AIM: To evaluate if lean @entity9 @entity0 present an increased incidence of @entity3 and @entity2 in comparison with controls and if clitoral volume and vascularization are influenced by circulating @entity10 levels. METHODS: 25 lean @entity9 @entity0 (Group I) and 18 healthy nonhirsute volunteers (Group II) were submitted, on day 3-5 of the cycle, to ultrasonographic and Doppler analyses, and to hormonal and biochemical evaluations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Utero-ovarian and clitoral ultrasonographic analysis, and color Doppler evaluation of the uterine, stromal ovarian, and dorsal clitoral arteries. Hormonal and @entity5 / @entity6 plasma concentrations were analyzed. Each @entity0 filled in the 2-factor Italian McCoy female questionnaire (MFSQ) and the Beck's @entity3 Inventory questionnaire (BDI). RESULTS: Androgens resulted, as expected, more elevated in @entity9 @entity0 than in controls. However, the ultrasonographic (US) assessment of the clitoral body volume evidenced no significant differences between @entity9 (0.72+/-0.41 mL) and control (0.62+/-0.20 mL) @entity0 . The resistances registered at the level of the dorsal clitoral artery did not show any difference between Group I (PI=1.55+/-0.40) and Group II (PI=1.79+/-0.38). The 2-factor Italian MFSQ and the BDI did not show any difference between @entity9 @entity0 and controls. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity9 @entity0 , probably, the moderate @entity7 and @entity8 do not induce the sense of loss of feminine identity and have no impact on @entity4 .

title: @entity9 , XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 is the main regulating factor for trafficking/homing of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) to the bone marrow (BM). It is possible that this chemokine may also play a fundamental role in regulating the migration of HSC to several organs during extramedullary hematopoiesis. Because liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) constitute an extramedullary niche for HSC, it is possible that these cells represent one of the main cellular sources of @entity3 at the liver. Here, we show that LSEC express @entity3 at the mRNA and protein level. Biological assays showed that conditioned medium from LSEC (LSEC-CM) stimulated the migration of BM progenitor lineage-negative (BM/Lin   ) cells. This effect was significantly reduced by @entity1 , indicating that the @entity3 / @entity2 axis is involved in the stimulatory migrating effect induced by LSEC-CM. Early localization of HSC in @entity3 -expressing LSEC microenvironment together with increased levels of this chemokine in hepatic homogenates was found in an experimental model of liver extramedullary hematopoiesis. Flow cytometry studies showed that LSEC express the @entity2 receptor. Functional assays showed that activation of this receptor by @entity3 stimulated the migration of LSEC and increased the expression of @entity0 . Our findings suggest that LSEC through the production of @entity3 may constitute a fundamental niche for regulation of HSC migration to the liver. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that LSEC not only express and secrete @entity3 , but also its receptor @entity2 .

title: Stromal-derived factor-1 and its receptor, XXXX , are constitutively expressed by mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells: implications for the regulation of hematopoietic cell migration to the liver during extramedullary hematopoiesis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the clinical features of a series of @entity0 with lacrimal drainage @entity2 and present guidelines for management based on histopathology. METHODS: A non-comparative retrospective chart review of the clinical, imaging, and pathologic findings of 37 @entity0 presenting to four regional orbital surgery departments with @entity2 affecting the lacrimal drainage apparatus between 1990 and 2004. RESULTS: There were 37 @entity0 , of whom 62% were male. The mean age at referral was 54 years. @entity9 , a palpable mass, and @entity7 were the most common presentations. Two thirds of the @entity2 were epithelial, with @entity3 being the most frequent (38%), followed by @entity6 (27%). @entity5 were the most common nonepithelial malignancy (30%). @entity2 were more common in @entity0 (87%), whereas @entity5 were more common in @entity0 (57%). Treatment modalities included surgery, in addition to radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Mean follow-up was 38 months. Thirty-three @entity0 (89%) remain alive without evidence of disease and 4 @entity0 died of recurrence and/or @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Lacrimal drainage @entity2 require careful initial management to ensure adequate local and @entity4 control. @entity8 encountered during dacryocystorhinostomy should be biopsied and small @entity6 or pedunculated @entity2 excised and analyzed with frozen sections. If a diffuse or infiltrative mass is encountered, it should be biopsied and managed on the basis of histopathology and extent of disease. @entity5 should be treated according to protocols, whereas noninvasive @entity3 and @entity6 require complete excision of the system. @entity1 requires en bloc excision. Long-term follow-up is essential for early detection of recurrence.

title: Clinical features and management of XXXX affecting the lacrimal drainage apparatus.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is an increasingly recognised phenomenon characterised by @entity5 , ECG abnormalities, cardiac biomarker elevation and transient @entity6 without significant @entity3 . AIMS: To report the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics from a large single-centre Australian series of @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: We prospectively collected data on 23 consecutive @entity0 presenting between November 2005 and November 2007. Baseline demographics, ECG, echocardiography and coronary angiography were performed on nearly all @entity0 . RESULTS: All @entity0 presented with @entity5 ; 87% were female. Various stressors were noted and cardiac Troponin-T was elevated in 91% of @entity0 . All @entity0 had @entity2 at angiography. 19/23 @entity0 had initial and subsequent echocardiography. Mean ejection fraction was 50% at baseline and 64% at follow-up (p<0.0001). Right @entity1 was present in eight, dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in two, @entity1 in seven and two @entity0 had the mid-cavity variant. CONCLUSIONS: This large prospective single-centre Australian series of @entity4 is in concert with previous published series. Complete recovery of left ventricular function on echocardiographic follow-up was typical. Although its pathogenesis remains unclear, early distinction from acute coronary syndromes is important and the prognosis is reassuringly good.

title: A single-centre report on the characteristics of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive early-onset @entity1 (EOPD). The @entity4 variant in the @entity5 gene ( @entity5 ) is common in essential @entity2 (ET). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of mutations in the parkin gene and the @entity4 variant in the @entity5 gene in a Mexican family with EOPD, ET, and @entity3 . DESIGN: Direct sequencing, semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were performed in the 14 members of this family. SETTING: Mexican family. @entity0 Two @entity0 with EOPD were analyzed. RESULTS: Compound heterozygous mutations ( @entity6 ) in the parkin gene were identified in 2 @entity0 with EOPD, characterized by beneficial response to levodopa, relatively slow progression, and motor complications. Although heterozygous EX 3_6 del and homozygous EX 5 del mutations in the parkin gene have been previously described, to our knowledge, this is the first report of these mutations in compound heterozygotes. Seven heterozygous @entity4 variants in the @entity5 gene were found in this pedigree, but they did not cosegregate with ET, @entity1 , or @entity3 , supporting the conclusion that this variant is not associated with ET. CONCLUSIONS: Compound heterozygous parkin mutations ( @entity6 ) caused EOPD in this family, but the @entity4 variant in the @entity5 gene, previously considered to be responsible for ET, was probably not pathogenically related to the ET in this family.

title: A family with @entity1 , XXXX , and parkin mutations.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive early-onset @entity1 (EOPD). The @entity4 variant in the @entity5 gene ( @entity5 ) is common in essential @entity2 (ET). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of mutations in the parkin gene and the @entity4 variant in the @entity5 gene in a Mexican family with EOPD, ET, and @entity3 . DESIGN: Direct sequencing, semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were performed in the 14 members of this family. SETTING: Mexican family. @entity0 Two @entity0 with EOPD were analyzed. RESULTS: Compound heterozygous mutations ( @entity6 ) in the parkin gene were identified in 2 @entity0 with EOPD, characterized by beneficial response to levodopa, relatively slow progression, and motor complications. Although heterozygous EX 3_6 del and homozygous EX 5 del mutations in the parkin gene have been previously described, to our knowledge, this is the first report of these mutations in compound heterozygotes. Seven heterozygous @entity4 variants in the @entity5 gene were found in this pedigree, but they did not cosegregate with ET, @entity1 , or @entity3 , supporting the conclusion that this variant is not associated with ET. CONCLUSIONS: Compound heterozygous parkin mutations ( @entity6 ) caused EOPD in this family, but the @entity4 variant in the @entity5 gene, previously considered to be responsible for ET, was probably not pathogenically related to the ET in this family.

title: A family with XXXX , @entity2 , and parkin mutations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The total surface area is known to be an effective exposure metric for predicting the lung @entity2 of low solubility nanoparticles (NPs). However, if NPs are dissolved quickly enough in the lungs, the mass may be correlated with the @entity2 . Recent studies have found that the @entity2 of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) NPs was caused by the release of @entity3 ions. Thus, we hypothesized that mass could be used as an exposure metric for the @entity2 of @entity5 NPs. Healthy @entity0 were exposed to a low, moderate, or high dose of 35 and 250   nm @entity5 particles or filtered air. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected to determine @entity1 , injury and oxidative stress. The @entity1 induced by @entity5 particles according to different concentration metrics, including number, mass and surface area, was compared. The mass concentration was significantly correlated with the percentage of neutrophils (R(2)   =   0.84), number of neutrophils (R(2)   =   0.84) and total cells (R(2)   =   0.73). Similarly, surface area concentration was significantly correlated with the percentage of neutrophils (R(2)   =   0.94), number of neutrophils (R(2)   =   0.81) and total cells (R(2)   =   0.76). There was no correlation between the number and @entity1 . We found that both mass and surface area were effective as metrics for the @entity2 of @entity5 NPs, although only surface area was previously indicated to be an effective metric. Our results are also consistent with recent study results that @entity5 NPs and released @entity3 ions may play a role mediating the @entity2 of NPs.

title: Pulmonary toxicity of inhaled nanoscale and fine XXXX particles: mass and surface area as an exposure metric.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare surgical and endovascular stent graft (ESG) treatment of blunt @entity9 (BAI) in the emergency setting. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective case control study in two surgical intensive care units of a university hospital. @entity0 : 30 @entity0 who presented with BAI between 1995 and 2005: 17 treated surgically and 13 by ESG. The two groups were comparable for the severity of @entity3 and mean delay before treatment; the mean age was higher in the ESG group (46+/-18 vs. 35+/-15 years). RESULTS: In the surgical group time spent in the operating theater was longer (310+/-130 vs. 140+/-48 min) and blood losses higher (2000+/-1300 vs. no significant @entity7 ); aortic clamping time was 48+/-20 min. The mortality rate was 15% with ESG (n=2) and 23% with surgery (n=4). Complications of the procedure were more frequent in the surgical group (1 vs. 7). In the ESG group there was one @entity10 . In the surgical group there were three @entity1 , one @entity8 , one perioperative @entity5 , one periprosthetic leak, and one @entity4 . Two complications ( @entity2 and @entity6 ) appeared in the same @entity0 in the surgical group. Intensive care unit length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and @entity11 support were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Stent graft for emergency treatment of BAI is efficient and is associated with fewer complications than surgical treatment.

title: Emergency endovascular stent graft repair for acute blunt XXXX : a retrospective case control study.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of a home-based exercise intervention program to improve the functional performance of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: Twenty-seven home-dwelling @entity0 with @entity2 were randomized to either an exercise intervention program delivered by their caregivers or a home safety assessment control. Measures of functional performance (primary), cognition, @entity1 , quality of life and caregiver burden (secondary) were obtained at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks following randomization. For each outcome measure, intent-to-treat analyses using linear random effects models were performed. Feasibility and adverse events were also assessed. RESULTS: Adherence to the exercise program was good. On the primary outcomes (functional performance) @entity0 in the exercise group demonstrated a trend for improved performance on measures of hand function and lower extremity strength. On secondary outcome measures, trends toward worse @entity3 and lower quality of life ratings were noted. CONCLUSIONS: The physical exercise intervention developed for the study, delivered by caregivers to home-dwelling @entity0 with @entity2 , was feasible and was associated with a trend for improved functional performance in this group of frail @entity0 . Given the limited efficacy to date of pharmacotherapies for @entity2 , further study of exercise intervention, in a variety of care setting, is warranted.

title: Evaluation of a home-based exercise program in the treatment of XXXX : the Maximizing Independence in Dementia (MIND) study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (TDLC) has been used successfully in the treatment of refractive @entity1 . However, little is known about TDLC as a primary or secondary surgical procedure in primary open-angle and @entity5 . METHODS: In a retrospective chart review we analyzed 90 eyes (48 @entity4 /42 OS) in 90 @entity0 (mean age 75 years, range 60-92 years; 51 @entity0 /39 @entity0 ) with primary @entity2 (n=66) and @entity5 (n=24) who consecutively underwent TDLC with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. In 24 eyes (26.7%) TDLC was the primary surgical treatment. Mean energy was 80 J (60-92 J). Success was defined as a final intraocular pressure (IOP) between 4 and 18 mmHg, a minimum IOP reduction of 20% and the absence of major complications. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 36.7% after 24 months. A mean of 1.3 procedures was performed per @entity0 . No correlation between age and success rate (p=0.887) or gender and success rate (p=0.895) was seen. There was no significant reduction in antiglaucomatous medication (p=0.208), no significant loss of visual acuity (p=0.324) nor a significant relationship between loss of visual acuity and failure of treatment (p=0.201). In @entity0 with primary @entity2 the success rate was 40.9% after 24 months; in @entity0 with @entity5 it was 25.0% after 24 months. There was no significant difference between primary @entity2 and @entity5 (p=0.684). Previous ocular surgery decreased the success probability from 45.8 to 33.3% (p=0.001). Prolonged @entity3 occurred in 1 @entity0 . No phthisis bulbi developed. CONCLUSIONS: Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation is an effective and safe method not only in the treatment of refractive @entity1 , but also as a primary surgical procedure in primary open-angle and @entity5 . TDLC may be used more widely in @entity1 therapy, although further long-term studies have to confirm these findings.

title: Transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation as primary and secondary surgical treatment in primary open-angle and XXXX . Long-term clinical outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate @entity0 ' demographics, patterns of presentation and outcomes of admissions with severe @entity6 and other electrolyte disturbances that are related to @entity8 . METHODS: @entity0 with severe @entity8 -related @entity6 (defined as serum sodium <125 mmol/L) admitted to the Department of General Medicine of a tertiary teaching hospital between 1 July 2006 and 30 June 2009 were evaluated in this study. @entity0 ' characteristics, clinical features of their presentation and other electrolyte disturbances were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Eleven @entity0 were admitted with severe @entity6 and other electrolyte disturbances associated with @entity8 use. All @entity0 were female and elderly (age: 81.7    5.8 years). Their mean weight was 59.0    8.8 kg. @entity8 sustained release (SR) 1.5 mg daily was taken by eight of eleven @entity0 and the others took @entity8 2.5 mg in combination with @entity7 . The mean serum @entity5 concentration on presentation was 110.9    5.9 mmol/L and was associated with findings of @entity4 in ten @entity0 and @entity3 in eight @entity0 . All @entity0 presented predominantly with neurological manifestations, @entity2 (six @entity0 ) being the most common. Electrocardiographic changes were common (nine @entity0 ) including prolonged QT interval in six @entity0 . All the @entity0 ' electrolyte abnormalities were corrected without any life-threatening complications. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights that the use of @entity8 is associated with severe @entity6 and other electrolyte disturbances. Therefore clinicians should be aware of severe electrolyte disturbances arising from @entity8 . New onset of @entity1 such as @entity2 and unsteady gait in the elderly taking @entity8 should prompt evaluation of their electrolyte profile.

title: Severe XXXX and other electrolyte disturbances associated with @entity8 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate @entity0 ' demographics, patterns of presentation and outcomes of admissions with severe @entity6 and other electrolyte disturbances that are related to @entity8 . METHODS: @entity0 with severe @entity8 -related @entity6 (defined as serum sodium <125 mmol/L) admitted to the Department of General Medicine of a tertiary teaching hospital between 1 July 2006 and 30 June 2009 were evaluated in this study. @entity0 ' characteristics, clinical features of their presentation and other electrolyte disturbances were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Eleven @entity0 were admitted with severe @entity6 and other electrolyte disturbances associated with @entity8 use. All @entity0 were female and elderly (age: 81.7    5.8 years). Their mean weight was 59.0    8.8 kg. @entity8 sustained release (SR) 1.5 mg daily was taken by eight of eleven @entity0 and the others took @entity8 2.5 mg in combination with @entity7 . The mean serum @entity5 concentration on presentation was 110.9    5.9 mmol/L and was associated with findings of @entity4 in ten @entity0 and @entity3 in eight @entity0 . All @entity0 presented predominantly with neurological manifestations, @entity2 (six @entity0 ) being the most common. Electrocardiographic changes were common (nine @entity0 ) including prolonged QT interval in six @entity0 . All the @entity0 ' electrolyte abnormalities were corrected without any life-threatening complications. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights that the use of @entity8 is associated with severe @entity6 and other electrolyte disturbances. Therefore clinicians should be aware of severe electrolyte disturbances arising from @entity8 . New onset of @entity1 such as @entity2 and unsteady gait in the elderly taking @entity8 should prompt evaluation of their electrolyte profile.

title: Severe @entity6 and other electrolyte disturbances associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is a @entity0 carcinogen, based on sufficient epidemiological evidence. @entity5 is mainly metabolized to its @entity6 , 3'-hydroxyDES (3'-OH-DES), which can further oxidize to DES-3',4'-quinone (DES-3',4'-Q). Similarly to @entity12 , the reaction of DES-3',4'-Q with DNA would form the depurinating 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N3Ade and 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N7Gua adducts. To prove this hypothesis, synthesis of DES-3',4'-Q by oxidation of 3'-OH-DES with @entity10 was tried; this failed due to instantaneous formation of a spiro-quinone. Oxidation of 3'-OH-DES by lactoperoxidase or @entity7 in the presence of DNA led to the formation of 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N3Ade and 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N7Gua adducts. These adducts were tentatively identified by LC- @entity2 / @entity2 as 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N3Ade, m/z = 418 [M+H](+), and 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N7Gua, m/z = 434 [M+H](+). Demonstration of their structures derived from their oxidation by MnO(2) to the @entity5 @entity3 adducts and subsequent tautomerization to the @entity11 (DIES) @entity6 adducts, which are identical to the standard 3'-OH-DIES-6'-N3Ade, m/z = 416 [M+H](+), and 3'-OH-DIES-6'-N7Gua, m/z = 432 [M+H](+), adducts. The reaction of DIES-3',4'-Q or lactoperoxidase-activated 3'-OH-DIES with DNA did not produce any depurinating adducts, due to the dienic chain being perpendicular to the @entity9 planes, which impedes the intercalation of DIES into the DNA. Enzymic oxidation of 3'-OH-DES suggests that the @entity6 of @entity5 intercalates into DNA and is then oxidized to its @entity3 to yield N3Ade and N7Gua adducts. These results suggest that the common denominator of @entity1 initiation by the synthetic estrogen DES and the natural estrogen estradiol is formation of their catechol quinones, which react with DNA to afford the depurinating N3Ade and N7Gua adducts.

title: Mechanism of metabolic activation and DNA adduct formation by the @entity0 carcinogen XXXX : the defining link to natural estrogens.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is a @entity0 carcinogen, based on sufficient epidemiological evidence. @entity5 is mainly metabolized to its @entity6 , 3'-hydroxyDES (3'-OH-DES), which can further oxidize to DES-3',4'-quinone (DES-3',4'-Q). Similarly to @entity12 , the reaction of DES-3',4'-Q with DNA would form the depurinating 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N3Ade and 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N7Gua adducts. To prove this hypothesis, synthesis of DES-3',4'-Q by oxidation of 3'-OH-DES with @entity10 was tried; this failed due to instantaneous formation of a spiro-quinone. Oxidation of 3'-OH-DES by lactoperoxidase or @entity7 in the presence of DNA led to the formation of 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N3Ade and 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N7Gua adducts. These adducts were tentatively identified by LC- @entity2 / @entity2 as 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N3Ade, m/z = 418 [M+H](+), and 3'-OH- @entity8 '-N7Gua, m/z = 434 [M+H](+). Demonstration of their structures derived from their oxidation by MnO(2) to the @entity5 @entity3 adducts and subsequent tautomerization to the @entity11 (DIES) @entity6 adducts, which are identical to the standard 3'-OH-DIES-6'-N3Ade, m/z = 416 [M+H](+), and 3'-OH-DIES-6'-N7Gua, m/z = 432 [M+H](+), adducts. The reaction of DIES-3',4'-Q or lactoperoxidase-activated 3'-OH-DIES with DNA did not produce any depurinating adducts, due to the dienic chain being perpendicular to the @entity9 planes, which impedes the intercalation of DIES into the DNA. Enzymic oxidation of 3'-OH-DES suggests that the @entity6 of @entity5 intercalates into DNA and is then oxidized to its @entity3 to yield N3Ade and N7Gua adducts. These results suggest that the common denominator of @entity1 initiation by the synthetic estrogen DES and the natural estrogen estradiol is formation of their catechol quinones, which react with DNA to afford the depurinating N3Ade and N7Gua adducts.

title: Mechanism of metabolic activation and DNA adduct formation by the XXXX carcinogen @entity4 : the defining link to natural estrogens.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess, by means of a self administered structured questionnaire, the level of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of physical education teachers in Bangalore city with regards to emergency management of @entity3 . The questionnaire surveyed the physical education teacher's background, knowledge of management of tooth @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity0 , it also investigated physical education teacher's attitude and the way they handle the injuries. The sample consisted 580 teachers from 700 selected schools in Bangalore city. Chi-square test was applied to test the significance between trained and untrained teachers. Among the population 70% were males physical education teachers 30% were females. 95% of the teachers had physical education training and 5% did not have the training. 95% of the population had first aid component and 5% did not have. Only 25% of trained physical education teachers had correct knowledge about tooth identification and 17% among untrained teachers. 81% of trained teachers answered correctly regarding management of @entity2 against 27.5% of untrained teachers (P< 0.0002). The present report indicates that there is lack of knowledge and practice among physical education teachers in Bangalore city regarding emergency management of dental @entity0 . Educational programs to improve the knowledge and awareness among the teachers have to be implemented.

title: Knowledge, attitude and practice in emergency management of XXXX among physical education teachers: a survey in Bangalore urban schools.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A @entity0 in the subependymal region of the lateral ventricle in a 13-year-old neutered male mongrel cat with a complaint of @entity4 , right circling movement and posture abnormality was examined. The magnetic resonance image examination revealed a relatively large T1-hypointense and T2-hyperintense @entity0 in the left interventricular foramen region, and there were no abnormalities in the chest and abdominal x-ray radiographic, funduscopic, and electric retinogram findings. The cat was died 43 days after the initial referral, and the post-mortem examinations revealed a poorly demarcated subependymal mass. Histologically, the @entity1 consisted of complex proliferation of highly pleomorphic cells resembling histiocytes with atypia and abundant mitotic figures. Moderate infiltrates of small reactive lymphocytes were admixed with the pleomorphic cell population. Gemistcytic astrocytes were also intermingled with the periphery of neoplastic foci. Immunohistochemically, most of the pleomorphic cells were positive for HLA-DR alpha-chain and ionized @entity2 binding adaptor molecule 1, and few were positive for lysozyme and @entity5 . The atypical pleomorphic cells were negative for CD3, IgG (H and L), glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament, suggesting monocytic/histiocytic-origin of the cells. The number of Ki-67-positive cell nuclei was extremely large, reflecting the high growth activity of these cells. Based on the findings, the lesion was considered as @entity3 .

title: XXXX in the brain of a cat.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Two experiments were conducted to determine dietary factors affecting digesta viscosity. In experiment 1, six ileal-cannulated @entity1 were either full (607.1 kJ/BW0.67) or restricted (303.5 kJ/BW0.67) fed. In experiment 2, four @entity1 foods were surveyed for effects on digesta viscosity based on protein source [animal protein (AP) or plant protein (PP)] or dietary fibre source [soluble dietary fibre (SDF) or insoluble dietary fibre (IDF)]. @entity0 ( @entity0 ) intake was higher (p<0.05) when @entity1 were full (11.4 g/kg) compared with restricted fed (5.98 g/kg). Ileal digesta viscosity tended to be higher (p=0.07) for full fed [10,251 centipoise (cP)] compared with restricted-fed @entity1 (6677 cP). Ileal digesta viscosities were 6561, 11,074, 13,830 and 15,967 cP for @entity1 consuming IDF, SDF, AP and PP treatments respectively. Ileal @entity0 concentrations were 11.4%, 13.6%, 14.8% and 14.8% for SDF, IDF, AP and PP treatments respectively. @entity0 digestibility coefficients were lowest (71.2%) for the PP treatment and highest (88.7%) for the IDF treatment. Organic matter digestibilities followed a similar pattern. Ileal digesta viscosity of @entity1 appears to increase with increased diet intake, and increased ileal @entity0 concentration. More digestible diets result in less ileal @entity0 and lower viscosity constants.

title: Food intake and ingredient profile affect viscosity of ileal digesta of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Among primary @entity9 , @entity5 represent, according to the World Health Organization-European Organisation For Research and Treatment of Cancer classification, a subgroup with a favorable prognosis. We describe the case of a 45-year-old @entity0 who presented with large infiltrated @entity1 and nodules coalescing into a wide ulcerated plaque of the scalp, extending from the frontal to the occipital region. At the vertex, 2 large @entity7 were present, reaching the subcutaneous tissues and the underlying bone structures with osseus infiltration and erosion and consequent meningeal exposure. A @entity11 was also present. Histology and immunohystochemistry diagnosed a relapse of primary @entity5 with multilobated histomorphology and lymph node involvement. The histological picture was unchanged from the first sample of 1989. Due to a refusal to treatment, the lesion progressively grew until now. After 6 courses of chemotherapy ( @entity6 , @entity8 , liposomal @entity4 , @entity3 -Rituximab), the @entity1 displayed an impressive complete regression with the persistence of a 4-cm occipital ulceration and underlying @entity2 . The @entity10 disappeared as well. This case gave us the opportunity to observe the natural development of the disease, leading to local mutilating and destroying lesions but with low tendency to systemic spread and an impressive response to chemotherapy.

title: Long-term evolution of an untreated primary XXXX of the scalp.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate interlaboratory variation in isolation and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas spp. as reported to veterinarians for cases of @entity0 chronic @entity5 . Twenty-six @entity0 with unilateral or bilateral @entity5 from multiple referral practices were included in this prospective study. Triplicate samples collected simultaneously from the same location in the external ear canal were randomly submitted to three laboratories for culture and susceptibility testing. Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 18 of 34 (53%) ears. All three laboratories agreed on the presence of Pseudomonas spp. in 15 (83.3%) ears sampled. However, two laboratories agreed on two (11.1%) occasions, and on one occasion (5.5%) Pseudomonas spp. were identified in only one laboratory. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) susceptibilities to 11 antibiotics were compared between laboratories B and C. Using laboratory-defined susceptibility of sensitive (S), intermediate (I) and resistant (R), none of the 16 Pseudomonas spp. with @entity4 data reported had identical patterns of antibiotic susceptibility. Agreement in susceptibility to individual antibiotics was observed in 13 of 16 (81%) occasions for @entity2 and @entity1 , 10 of 16 (63%) occasions for @entity3 , and nine of 16 (56%) for @entity6 . These results indicate that Pseudomonas spp. were identified by all three laboratories chosen for this study in 83% of the time. Moreover, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and @entity4 values reported to veterinarians may not agree between laboratories. Veterinarians should interpret bacterial culture and susceptibility results with multiple caveats including variability between laboratories.

title: Variability of laboratory identification and antibiotic susceptibility reporting of Pseudomonas spp. isolates from @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate interlaboratory variation in isolation and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas spp. as reported to veterinarians for cases of @entity0 chronic @entity5 . Twenty-six @entity0 with unilateral or bilateral @entity5 from multiple referral practices were included in this prospective study. Triplicate samples collected simultaneously from the same location in the external ear canal were randomly submitted to three laboratories for culture and susceptibility testing. Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from 18 of 34 (53%) ears. All three laboratories agreed on the presence of Pseudomonas spp. in 15 (83.3%) ears sampled. However, two laboratories agreed on two (11.1%) occasions, and on one occasion (5.5%) Pseudomonas spp. were identified in only one laboratory. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) susceptibilities to 11 antibiotics were compared between laboratories B and C. Using laboratory-defined susceptibility of sensitive (S), intermediate (I) and resistant (R), none of the 16 Pseudomonas spp. with @entity4 data reported had identical patterns of antibiotic susceptibility. Agreement in susceptibility to individual antibiotics was observed in 13 of 16 (81%) occasions for @entity2 and @entity1 , 10 of 16 (63%) occasions for @entity3 , and nine of 16 (56%) for @entity6 . These results indicate that Pseudomonas spp. were identified by all three laboratories chosen for this study in 83% of the time. Moreover, antibiotic susceptibility patterns and @entity4 values reported to veterinarians may not agree between laboratories. Veterinarians should interpret bacterial culture and susceptibility results with multiple caveats including variability between laboratories.

title: Variability of laboratory identification and antibiotic susceptibility reporting of Pseudomonas spp. isolates from XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intergroup 0139 Trial suggests an increase in mortality after pneumonectomy in @entity0 receiving preoperative chemotherapy and radiation. We evaluate our outcomes with pneumonectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation. METHODS: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation consisted of @entity4 50 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 29, and 36 and @entity5 50 mg/m2 on days 1-5 and 29-33 given concurrently with 5,040 cGy radiation. From a prospective database, results after pneumonectomy were compared between @entity0 receiving and not receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation during the same time period. RESULTS: Over 7 years, 50 pneumonectomies were performed for non-small-cell @entity2 ; 18 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation (group A) and 32 did not (group B). Comparing group A with group B, there was no significant difference in @entity0 demographics, @entity3 , transfusion requirements or pneumonectomy side. Group A had more @entity0 with stage III disease [17/ 18 (94%) versus 15/32 (47%), P = 0.001] and also more often had vascularized flap for bronchial stump coverage [17/18 (94%) versus 4/32 (13%), P < 0.001]. There was no significant difference in operative morbidity or mortality. Mortality for group A was 0/18 and for group B was 2/32 (6.3%) (P = 0.530). Group A @entity0 with IIIA(N2) disease (n = 13) had median recurrence-free survival of 12.4 months, median overall survival of 25 months, and 3- year overall survival of 22.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Using a multidisciplinary team approach at a tertiary care center, pneumonectomy can be performed successfully after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation for @entity1 . Vascularized flap for bronchial stump coverage may be important in this regard.

title: Pneumonectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Damage to the hippocampus (HPC) using the excitotoxin @entity4 ( @entity1 ) can cause @entity9 for contextual fear memory. This @entity7 is typically attributed to loss of cells in the HPC. However, @entity1 is also known to cause intense neuronal discharge ( @entity2 activity) during the hours that follow its injection. These @entity2 may have detrimental effects on retrieval of memories. Here we evaluate the possibility that @entity9 is due to @entity1 -induced @entity2 activity or cell damage per se. To assess the effects of @entity1 induced activity on contextual memory, we developed a lesion technique that utilizes the @entity6 effects of @entity1 while at the same time suppressing possible associated @entity2 activity. @entity1 and @entity3 ( @entity8 ), a @entity5 channel blocker, are simultaneously infused into the @entity0 HPC, resulting in extensive bilateral damage to the HPC. @entity8 , co-infused with @entity1 , suppresses propagation of @entity2 activity. @entity0 received pairings of a novel context with foot shock, after which they received @entity1 -induced, @entity8 + @entity1 -induced, or no damage to the HPC at a recent (24 hours) or remote (5 weeks) time point. After recovery, the @entity0 were placed into the shock context and freezing was scored as an index of fear memory. @entity0 with an intact HPC exhibited robust memory for the aversive context at both time points, whereas @entity0 that received @entity1 or @entity1 + @entity8 lesions showed a significant reduction in learned fear of equal magnitude at both the recent and remote time points. Therefore, it is unlikely that observed @entity9 in contextual fear conditioning are due to disruption of non-HPC networks by propagated @entity2 activity. Moreover, the memory deficit observed at both time points offers additional evidence supporting the proposition that the HPC has a continuing role in maintaining contextual memories.

title: Suppression of @entity6 -induced XXXX activity: evidence for a permanent role for the hippocampus in contextual memory.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Damage to the hippocampus (HPC) using the excitotoxin @entity4 ( @entity1 ) can cause @entity9 for contextual fear memory. This @entity7 is typically attributed to loss of cells in the HPC. However, @entity1 is also known to cause intense neuronal discharge ( @entity2 activity) during the hours that follow its injection. These @entity2 may have detrimental effects on retrieval of memories. Here we evaluate the possibility that @entity9 is due to @entity1 -induced @entity2 activity or cell damage per se. To assess the effects of @entity1 induced activity on contextual memory, we developed a lesion technique that utilizes the @entity6 effects of @entity1 while at the same time suppressing possible associated @entity2 activity. @entity1 and @entity3 ( @entity8 ), a @entity5 channel blocker, are simultaneously infused into the @entity0 HPC, resulting in extensive bilateral damage to the HPC. @entity8 , co-infused with @entity1 , suppresses propagation of @entity2 activity. @entity0 received pairings of a novel context with foot shock, after which they received @entity1 -induced, @entity8 + @entity1 -induced, or no damage to the HPC at a recent (24 hours) or remote (5 weeks) time point. After recovery, the @entity0 were placed into the shock context and freezing was scored as an index of fear memory. @entity0 with an intact HPC exhibited robust memory for the aversive context at both time points, whereas @entity0 that received @entity1 or @entity1 + @entity8 lesions showed a significant reduction in learned fear of equal magnitude at both the recent and remote time points. Therefore, it is unlikely that observed @entity9 in contextual fear conditioning are due to disruption of non-HPC networks by propagated @entity2 activity. Moreover, the memory deficit observed at both time points offers additional evidence supporting the proposition that the HPC has a continuing role in maintaining contextual memories.

title: Suppression of XXXX -induced @entity2 activity: evidence for a permanent role for the hippocampus in contextual memory.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Regulation of pre-mRNA splicing is achieved through the interaction of RNA sequence elements and a variety of RNA-splicing related proteins (splicing factors). The splicing machinery in @entity0 is not yet fully elucidated, partly because splicing factors in @entity0 have not been exhaustively identified. Furthermore, experimental methods for splicing factor identification are time-consuming and lab-intensive. Although many computational methods have been proposed for the identification of RNA-binding proteins, there exists no development that focuses on the identification of RNA-splicing related proteins so far. Therefore, we are motivated to design a method that focuses on the identification of @entity0 splicing factors using experimentally verified splicing factors. The investigation of @entity1 composition reveals that there are remarkable differences between splicing factors and non-splicing proteins. A support vector machine (SVM) is utilized to construct a predictive model, and the five-fold cross-validation evaluation indicates that the SVM model trained with @entity1 composition could provide a promising accuracy (80.22%). Another basic feature, @entity1 dipeptide composition, is also examined to yield a similar predictive performance to @entity1 composition. In addition, this work presents that the incorporation of evolutionary information and domain information could improve the predictive performance. The constructed models have been demonstrated to effectively classify (73.65% accuracy) an independent data set of @entity0 splicing factors. The result of independent testing indicates that in silico identification could be a feasible means of conducting preliminary analyses of splicing factors and significantly reducing the number of potential targets that require further in vivo or in vitro confirmation.

title: Incorporating evolutionary information and functional domains for identifying RNA splicing factors in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Objective. The aim of the study is to define predictors of relapse/recurrence after electroconvulsive therapy, ECT, for @entity0 with @entity1 . Methods. A study of all @entity0 (n = 486) treated by means of ECT for @entity1 was performed. The data were derived from a regional quality register in Sweden. Psychiatric hospitalisation or suicide was used as a marker for relapse/recurrence. Results. The relapse/recurrence rate within one year after ECT was 34%. Factors associated with increased risk of relapse/recurrence included comorbid @entity2 and treatment with @entity4 or antipsychotics during the follow-up period. Conclusions. Within the first years after ECT, relapses/recurrences leading to hospitalisation or suicide are common. Treatment with @entity3 might be beneficial, while @entity4 , antipsychotics, or continuation ECT does not seem to significantly reduce the risk of relapse/recurrence.

title: Predictors of time to relapse/recurrence after electroconvulsive therapy in @entity0 with XXXX : a population-based cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective. The aim of the study is to define predictors of relapse/recurrence after electroconvulsive therapy, ECT, for @entity0 with @entity1 . Methods. A study of all @entity0 (n = 486) treated by means of ECT for @entity1 was performed. The data were derived from a regional quality register in Sweden. Psychiatric hospitalisation or suicide was used as a marker for relapse/recurrence. Results. The relapse/recurrence rate within one year after ECT was 34%. Factors associated with increased risk of relapse/recurrence included comorbid @entity2 and treatment with @entity4 or antipsychotics during the follow-up period. Conclusions. Within the first years after ECT, relapses/recurrences leading to hospitalisation or suicide are common. Treatment with @entity3 might be beneficial, while @entity4 , antipsychotics, or continuation ECT does not seem to significantly reduce the risk of relapse/recurrence.

title: Predictors of time to relapse/recurrence after electroconvulsive therapy in XXXX with @entity1 : a population-based cohort study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: Many studies have been performed to analyse the influence of surgical techniques and the postoperative aftercare after Achilles @entity1 on the outcome. However, there is no study investigating the influence of physiotherapy on outcome after surgical repair and standardised early functional rehabilitation of Achilles @entity1 , so that this was the objective of the present study. @entity0 AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 104 @entity0 with Achilles @entity1 , all treated by open repair followed by a standardised early rehabilitation, were evaluated by the Thermann score. The average age was 42 years. We could identify 3 @entity0 groups. Group I (n=23) did not receive any physiotherapy. Group II (n=41) received physiotherapy for 3-6 weeks, and group III (n=40) received more than 6 weeks of physiotherapy. Physiotherapy consisted of 3 units per week. Each unit lasted for 30 min. All groups were compared statistically via variance analysis. RESULTS: Group I scored on average 88.8 points, group II 88.6 and group III 87.0 points. There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups (p=0.50). The age of @entity0 had also no relevant influence on the outcome (p=0.48). CONCLUSIONS: Physiotherapy and age of the @entity0 involved were not found to influence the outcome after @entity1 followed by a standardised early rehabilitation. These results should be confirmed by a prospective randomised trial. Also elderly @entity0 participating in demanding sport activities should receive a surgical repair.

title: [No influence of physiotherapy on outcome after open repair of achilles XXXX ?].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective. To assess the relevance of sentinel lymph nodes (SNs) outside the extended pelvic lymph node dissection area (e-PLND). @entity0 and Methods. Evaluation of our laparoscopic SN procedures for @entity2 @entity0 of intermediate prognosis. Retrospective data collection on the exact location of the excised SNs and the pathology results were analyzed. Results and Limitations. Of the 121 @entity0 , 49 had positive lymph nodes. 37 @entity0 (31%) had SNs outside the e-PLND template. Five of these nodes were @entity1 bearing but only twice exclusively so. Of the 14 @entity0 considered for salvage treatment, 6 were node positive. 7 of these 14 @entity0 (50%) had SNs outside the extended dissection area, yet none of these nodes were @entity1 positive. Limitations are those of a retrospective study. Conclusions. Laparoscopic SN biopsy may show SNs outside the e-PLND template in 31% of the @entity0 . However, nodes that are exclusively positive in one of these areas are rare. For the dichotomy positive or negative nodes, the locations outside the e-PLND area are not often relevant. Nevertheless, when all positive nodes are to be treated by resection or radiotherapy, these locations are relevant. When considering salvage treatment for @entity2 , the method is feasible.

title: Laparoscopic sentinel lymph node biopsy for XXXX : the relevance of locations outside the extended dissection area.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Intermolecular interaction energy data for the @entity2 dimer have been calculated at a spectroscopic accuracy and employed to construct an ab initio potential energy surface (PES) for @entity0 ( @entity0 ) simulations of fluid @entity2 properties. The full potential curves of the @entity2 dimer at 12 symmetric conformations were calculated by the supermolecule counterpoise-corrected second-order M  ller-Plesset ( @entity4 ) perturbation theory. Single-point coupled cluster with single and double and perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)] calculations were also carried out to calibrate the @entity4 potentials. We employed Pople's medium size basis sets [up to 6-311++G(3df, 3pd)] and Dunning's correlation consistent basis sets (cc-pVXZ and aug-cc-pVXZ, X = D, T, Q). For each conformer, the intermolecular @entity1 - @entity1 separation was sampled in a step 0.1 A for a range of 3-9 A, resulting in a total of 732 configuration points calculated. The @entity4 binding curves display significant anisotropy with respect to the relative orientations of the dimer. The potential curves at the complete basis set (CBS) limit were estimated using well-established analytical extrapolation schemes. A 4-site potential model with sites located at the @entity3 atoms was used to fit the ab initio potential data. This model stems from a @entity3 - @entity3 repulsion mechanism to explain the stability of the dimer structure. @entity0 simulations using the ab initio PES show quantitative agreements on both the atom-wise radial distribution functions and the self-diffusion coefficients over a wide range of experimental conditions.

title: Molecular dynamics simulations of fluid XXXX properties using ab initio intermolecular interaction potentials.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The economics of acute post-operative @entity1 management are discussed. Studies identifying cost drivers in post-operative @entity1 treatment and the economic sequelae of undertreated @entity1 are reviewed. The relative costs of intermittent intramuscular @entity2 , intravenous @entity0 -controlled @entity2 , and epidural @entity2 are described. Medication errors and their consequences are addressed. The importance of @entity0 satisfaction and data on its correlation with acute post-operative @entity1 are reviewed. SUMMARY: Although the economics of acute post-operative @entity1 treatment are difficult to accurately assess, studies have demonstrated that pharmacy acquisition costs represent as little as 1% of the total hospital cost of surgical treatment. Costs of @entity2 are driven largely by staff time. Inadequate treatment of post-operative @entity1 can have important economic ramifications associated with increased @entity0 morbidity, extended hospital stays, and readmissions. Inadequate treatment of post-operative @entity1 is also associated with reduced @entity0 satisfaction, a measure of increasing importance to health systems and pharmacists who practice within them. CONCLUSION: Undertreatment of acute post-operative @entity1 has important implications for health systems from the standpoints of economics and @entity0 satisfaction.

title: Addressing stakeholders' needs: economics and XXXX satisfaction.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to develop and validate a method for the integrated analysis of systolic and diastolic ventricular function. BACKGROUND: An integrated approach to assess ventricular pump function, myocontractility (end-systolic pressure-volume relationship [ESPVR]), and diastolic compliance (end-diastolic pressure-volume relation [EDPVR]) is of high clinical value. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is well established for measuring global pump function, and catheterization-combined CMR was previously shown to accurately measure ESPVR, but not yet the EDPVR. METHODS: In 8 @entity4 , the CMR technique was compared with conductance catheter methods (gold standard) for measuring the EDPVR in the left and right ventricle. Measurements were performed at rest and during @entity3 administration. For CMR, the ESPVR was estimated with a single-beat approach by synchronizing invasive ventricular pressures with cine CMR-derived ventricular volumes. The EDPVR was determined during pre-load reduction from additional volume data that were obtained from real-time velocity-encoded CMR pulmonary/aortic blood flow measurements. Pre-load reduction was achieved by @entity2 . The @entity5 coefficient beta was calculated by an exponential fit from the EDPVR. After validation in the animal experiments, the EDPVR was assessed in a pilot study of 3 @entity0 with a single ventricle using identical CMR and conductance catheter techniques. RESULTS: Bland-Altman tests showed good agreement between conductance catheter-derived and CMR-derived EDPVR. In both ventricles of the @entity4 , @entity3 enhanced myocontractility (p < 0.01), increased @entity1 volume (p < 0.01), and improved diastolic function. The latter was evidenced by shorter early relaxation (p < 0.05), a downward shift of the EDPVR, and a decreased @entity5 coefficient beta (p < 0.05). In contrast, in the @entity0 , early relaxation was inconspicuous but the EDPVR shifted left-upward and the @entity5 constant remained unchanged. The observed changes in diastolic function were not significantly different when measured with conductance catheter and CMR. CONCLUSIONS: This novel CMR method provides differential information about diastolic function in conjunction with parameters of systolic contractility and global pump function.

title: Integrated assessment of diastolic and systolic ventricular function using diagnostic cardiac magnetic resonance catheterization: validation in XXXX and application in a clinical pilot study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this report is to elucidate the feasibility of the frozen @entity5 trunk technique as a one-stage operation for extensive @entity2 and to investigate the long-term durability and efficacy of this procedure from our 11 years of experience. METHODS: The subjects were 58 consecutive @entity0 who electively received the frozen @entity5 trunk technique for @entity2 involving the aortic arch and the descending aorta between September 1997 and September 2008. Concomitant procedures included 15 coronary artery bypass grafts, 2 aortic valve replacements, 1 aortic root replacement, and 3 maze procedures. The stent graft was delivered to the seventh thoracic vertebra level (Th7) in 22, Th8 in 26, Th9 in 8, and Th10 in 2 @entity0 . Cerebrospinal fluid drainage was administered preoperatively in 10 (17.2%) @entity0 . RESULTS: Operative mortality within 30 days was 0 of 58. There was 1 in-hospital death. Perioperative morbidity included @entity1 and @entity4 in 2 (3.4%) @entity0 each. During the mean follow-up period of 54.2 +/- 36.9 months, there were 9 (15.5%) late deaths, and 7 (12.1%) @entity0 required additional intervention. The 8-year survival was 65.5%, the overall 8-year aortic event free survival was 72.8%, and the 8-year event free survival on the site of the stent graft was 94.8%. A follow-up computed tomographic image was available for 86.2% (50/58) of @entity0 who survived longer than 6 months. The size of the @entity2 increased in 1 (2.0%) @entity0 , was not changed in 6 (12.0%) @entity0 , shrank in 34 (68.0%) @entity0 , and was obliterated in 9 (18.0%) @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The frozen @entity5 trunk for extensive @entity3 had long-term durability and efficacy and might become the alternative treatment for extended aortic replacement.

title: Long-term results of the frozen @entity5 trunk technique for the extensive XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this report is to elucidate the feasibility of the frozen @entity5 trunk technique as a one-stage operation for extensive @entity2 and to investigate the long-term durability and efficacy of this procedure from our 11 years of experience. METHODS: The subjects were 58 consecutive @entity0 who electively received the frozen @entity5 trunk technique for @entity2 involving the aortic arch and the descending aorta between September 1997 and September 2008. Concomitant procedures included 15 coronary artery bypass grafts, 2 aortic valve replacements, 1 aortic root replacement, and 3 maze procedures. The stent graft was delivered to the seventh thoracic vertebra level (Th7) in 22, Th8 in 26, Th9 in 8, and Th10 in 2 @entity0 . Cerebrospinal fluid drainage was administered preoperatively in 10 (17.2%) @entity0 . RESULTS: Operative mortality within 30 days was 0 of 58. There was 1 in-hospital death. Perioperative morbidity included @entity1 and @entity4 in 2 (3.4%) @entity0 each. During the mean follow-up period of 54.2 +/- 36.9 months, there were 9 (15.5%) late deaths, and 7 (12.1%) @entity0 required additional intervention. The 8-year survival was 65.5%, the overall 8-year aortic event free survival was 72.8%, and the 8-year event free survival on the site of the stent graft was 94.8%. A follow-up computed tomographic image was available for 86.2% (50/58) of @entity0 who survived longer than 6 months. The size of the @entity2 increased in 1 (2.0%) @entity0 , was not changed in 6 (12.0%) @entity0 , shrank in 34 (68.0%) @entity0 , and was obliterated in 9 (18.0%) @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The frozen @entity5 trunk for extensive @entity3 had long-term durability and efficacy and might become the alternative treatment for extended aortic replacement.

title: Long-term results of the frozen XXXX trunk technique for the extensive @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We report on a @entity0 who presented with complete @entity13 as a first symptom of fatal @entity1 . CASE REPORT: We present the clinical course of an immunocompromised 68-year-old @entity0 with unclear painless @entity9 , @entity12 and @entity13 of the right eye lasting for 10 days which was referred from an ophthalmological outpatient clinic. He had a history of kidney transplantation after @entity5 , @entity2 II, and @entity7 . He was on immunosuppressive therapy with @entity10 , @entity14 and @entity8 since renal transplantation. The initial cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was unremarkable. The additional thin section computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses was suspicious for @entity4 of the superior wall of the right sphenoidal sinus. Initial laboratory testing and cerebrospinal fluid were without pathological findings. When the @entity0 showed signs of generalised @entity6 he was transferred to the intensive care unit. Due to fulminant @entity6 it was not possible to perform the planned biopsy. The @entity0 died a few days later of @entity11 . The consecutive autopsy revealed @entity1 of paranasal sinuses with infiltration into the orbita and intracranial spreading into sinus cavernous. Autopsy also showed @entity3 . DISCUSSION: @entity1 of the paranasal sinuses and the skull base is most often a lethal condition in immunocompromised @entity0 . Therefore, rapid diagnostics applying radiological (CT and MRI) and surgical procedures (biopsy) and immediate ignition of antimycotic treatment can be life-saving.

title: XXXX presenting with a painless complete @entity13 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We report on a @entity0 who presented with complete @entity13 as a first symptom of fatal @entity1 . CASE REPORT: We present the clinical course of an immunocompromised 68-year-old @entity0 with unclear painless @entity9 , @entity12 and @entity13 of the right eye lasting for 10 days which was referred from an ophthalmological outpatient clinic. He had a history of kidney transplantation after @entity5 , @entity2 II, and @entity7 . He was on immunosuppressive therapy with @entity10 , @entity14 and @entity8 since renal transplantation. The initial cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was unremarkable. The additional thin section computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses was suspicious for @entity4 of the superior wall of the right sphenoidal sinus. Initial laboratory testing and cerebrospinal fluid were without pathological findings. When the @entity0 showed signs of generalised @entity6 he was transferred to the intensive care unit. Due to fulminant @entity6 it was not possible to perform the planned biopsy. The @entity0 died a few days later of @entity11 . The consecutive autopsy revealed @entity1 of paranasal sinuses with infiltration into the orbita and intracranial spreading into sinus cavernous. Autopsy also showed @entity3 . DISCUSSION: @entity1 of the paranasal sinuses and the skull base is most often a lethal condition in immunocompromised @entity0 . Therefore, rapid diagnostics applying radiological (CT and MRI) and surgical procedures (biopsy) and immediate ignition of antimycotic treatment can be life-saving.

title: @entity1 presenting with a painless complete XXXX .

answer: @entity13


abstract: PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine the role of radiotherapy after curative-intent surgery in the management of extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) @entity2 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: From 1997 through 2005, 78 @entity0 with @entity5 were surgically staged. These @entity0 were stratified by the absence of adjuvant radiation (n = 47, group I) versus radiation (n = 31, group II) after resection. Pathology examination showed 27 cases in group I and 20 cases in group II had microscopically positive resection margins. The @entity0 in group II received 45 to 54 Gy of external beam radiotherapy. The primary endpoints of this study were overall survival, disease-free survival, and prognostic factors. RESULTS: There were no differences between the 5-year overall survival rates for the two groups (11.6% in group I vs. 21% in group II). However, the @entity0 with microscopically positive resection margins who received adjuvant radiation therapy had higher median disease-free survival rates than those who underwent surgery alone (21 months vs. 10 months, respectively, p = 0.042). @entity4 was found in @entity0 who received postoperative radiotherapy (61.7% in group I and 35.6% in group II, p = 0.02). Outcomes of the @entity0 with a positive resection margin and lymph node @entity1 who received postoperative radiation therapy were doubled compared to those of @entity0 without adjuvant radiotherapy. Resection margin status, lymph node @entity1 , and pathology differentiation were significant prognostic factors in disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant radiotherapy might be useful in @entity0 with @entity5 , especially for those @entity0 with microscopic @entity3 and positive lymph nodes after resection for increasing local control.

title: XXXX : surgery alone versus surgery plus postoperative radiation therapy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Measures of ventilatory inefficiency, such as the slope of the relation between ventilation and @entity2 production ((Equation is included in full-text article.)slope) and the @entity1 uptake efficiency slope (OUES) have recently been shown to be strong prognostic markers in @entity0 with @entity3 . Little is known regarding the effects of exercise training on these indices. METHODS: Fifty @entity3 @entity0 (mean age = 55    6 years, ejection fraction = 33    6%) referred to a residential cardiac rehabilitation program were randomized to a 2-month high-intensity training program (n = 24) or to a control group (n = 26). Before and after the study period, maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed, and markers of ventilatory inefficiency were determined. RESULTS: Training increased peak @entity1 uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.); 23%), exercise time (29%), and peak workload (28%), whereas no changes were observed in controls (all P < .05 between groups). No differences were observed in the (Equation is included in full-text article.)slope in either group. However, the ventilatory equivalent for @entity1 ((Equation is included in full-text article.)ratio) was reduced at matched work rates throughout exercise (P < .01). The OUES increased by 12% in the exercise groups (P = .003) and 4% in controls. At baseline, trained @entity0 had an OUES that was 69% of the age-predicted value and this improved to 78% after training (P = .004). The change in OUES was significantly related to the change in peak (Equation is included in full-text article.)with training (r = 0.63, P = .001). CONCLUSION: High-intensity training resulted in marked improvements in exercise capacity in @entity0 with @entity3 . Training improved the OUES and reduced the (Equation is included in full-text article.)ratio, but the (Equation is included in full-text article.)slope was unchanged. Among measures of ventilatory inefficiency, the OUES may be more sensitive to training than the (Equation is included in full-text article.)slope.

title: Effects of high-intensity training on indices of ventilatory efficiency in chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The detention of @entity0 infected with @entity2 has recently been the subject of significant professional and public interest. In Ireland, the power to detain and isolate probable sources of @entity1 is found in the Health Act 1947. The objective of this study was to describe the use of the power to detain, and to examine relevant legal implications. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort survey. METHODS: Respiratory and @entity1 physicians practising in the public sector were invited to complete a self-administered postal questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 44 clinicians surveyed, 33 responded, representing a total of 356 years of specialist practice (mean 10.8 years). Although 70% of respondents had made use of threats of formal detention in dealing with non-compliant @entity0 , only one formal detention under statutory powers was identified. Infrastructural and legal concerns with the use of detention were common. There was widespread support for a broadening of the range of additional public health powers, including a power of prolonged detention in the setting of multi- @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Detention and isolation of non-compliant @entity2 @entity0 remains in active use. Physicians detaining, or threatening to detain, @entity0 continue to expose themselves to legal liability because of the outdated legal framework underlying those powers.

title: The power of detention in the management of non-compliance with XXXX treatment: a survey of Irish practitioners and analysis of potential legal liability.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) still poses a challenge to therapists in spite of the availability of multiple innovative molecular treatment options. Complete remission is rare and in cases of partial remission it is often unclear if @entity2 or vital @entity4 tissue persists. We report on a cohort of @entity0 who underwent metastasectomy after neoadjuvant therapy with multi- @entity5 kinase inhibitors (MTKI). METHODS: In 2009 a total of 11 @entity0 (7 male and 4 female) underwent metastasectomy after achievement of >=  3 months stable partial remission. All @entity0 received either @entity9 (n=7, mean 5.5 cycles), bevacizumab and interferon ( @entity10 )-a2a (n=2, mean 8.5 months), @entity12 (n=1, mean 9 months) or a combination of @entity9 followed by @entity12 (n=1). Of the @entity0 7 presented with retroperitoneal lymph node @entity1 with a mean diameter of 3.5-12 cm, 2 @entity0 with pulmonary @entity1 , 1 @entity0 with lymph node and pancreas tail @entity1 and 1 female @entity0 showed @entity3 in the vena cava. RESULTS: All @entity1 were completely resected with negative surgical margins. In 82% of the cases histologically active, Ki-67 positive @entity8 tissue was identified. The following adjunctive interventions were necessary: vena cava resection with vascular prosthesis and reimplantation of the renal vein (n=3), partial liver resection (n=1), splenectomy (n=1) and pancreas tail resection (n=1). There were no significant perioperative complications but 1 @entity0 developed @entity11 dehiscence and underwent revision surgery and 1 @entity0 developed clinically insignificant @entity7 . After a median follow-up of 12 months (range 8-19 months) 5 @entity0 had no recurrence and 6 of the @entity0 showed liver (n=3), lung (n=2) or bone (n=1) recurrences from which 3 @entity0 died. CONCLUSIONS: Metastasectomy of @entity8 is associated with a low rate of complications in experienced centers. Surgical resection of metastatic disease is indicated to achieve complete remission with a favorable prognosis because of biologically active @entity6 tissue. @entity0 with isolated and resectable @entity1 are ideal candidates for such a procedure.

title: [Metastasectomy in @entity8 after neoadjuvant therapy with multi- XXXX kinase inhibitors].

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) still poses a challenge to therapists in spite of the availability of multiple innovative molecular treatment options. Complete remission is rare and in cases of partial remission it is often unclear if @entity2 or vital @entity4 tissue persists. We report on a cohort of @entity0 who underwent metastasectomy after neoadjuvant therapy with multi- @entity5 kinase inhibitors (MTKI). METHODS: In 2009 a total of 11 @entity0 (7 male and 4 female) underwent metastasectomy after achievement of >=  3 months stable partial remission. All @entity0 received either @entity9 (n=7, mean 5.5 cycles), bevacizumab and interferon ( @entity10 )-a2a (n=2, mean 8.5 months), @entity12 (n=1, mean 9 months) or a combination of @entity9 followed by @entity12 (n=1). Of the @entity0 7 presented with retroperitoneal lymph node @entity1 with a mean diameter of 3.5-12 cm, 2 @entity0 with pulmonary @entity1 , 1 @entity0 with lymph node and pancreas tail @entity1 and 1 female @entity0 showed @entity3 in the vena cava. RESULTS: All @entity1 were completely resected with negative surgical margins. In 82% of the cases histologically active, Ki-67 positive @entity8 tissue was identified. The following adjunctive interventions were necessary: vena cava resection with vascular prosthesis and reimplantation of the renal vein (n=3), partial liver resection (n=1), splenectomy (n=1) and pancreas tail resection (n=1). There were no significant perioperative complications but 1 @entity0 developed @entity11 dehiscence and underwent revision surgery and 1 @entity0 developed clinically insignificant @entity7 . After a median follow-up of 12 months (range 8-19 months) 5 @entity0 had no recurrence and 6 of the @entity0 showed liver (n=3), lung (n=2) or bone (n=1) recurrences from which 3 @entity0 died. CONCLUSIONS: Metastasectomy of @entity8 is associated with a low rate of complications in experienced centers. Surgical resection of metastatic disease is indicated to achieve complete remission with a favorable prognosis because of biologically active @entity6 tissue. @entity0 with isolated and resectable @entity1 are ideal candidates for such a procedure.

title: [Metastasectomy in XXXX after neoadjuvant therapy with multi- @entity5 kinase inhibitors].

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There has been a recent increase in the incidence of @entity9 worldwide. To this date, @entity9 has been described almost exclusively in @entity0 and adolescents. In most cases the causative agents are Gram-positive bacteria. When it involves muscles around the hip, other differential diagnoses such as @entity8 and @entity4 need to be excluded amongst others. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 16 year old Caucasian male who suffered from @entity10 of his left obturator internus muscle. He was pyrexial at 41 degrees C with @entity7 and severe @entity2 , whilst range of motion of his left hip was severely limited. Tenderness over the left pubic bone was significant. After clinical examination and relevant laboratory investigations, it was decided to treat him conservatively with intravenous antibiotics. Blood cultures grew @entity5 resistant to @entity1 and @entity6 . The @entity0 was discharged fifteen days later. At the time of discharge, he was symptom-free. CONCLUSION: This form of @entity10 is a rare @entity3 , which may be difficult to diagnose and can easily be missed. Therefore, physicians should familiarise themselves with this condition and consider it as a possible differential diagnosis in @entity0 presenting with an acutely @entity2 hip.

title: Obturator internus XXXX in a young adult: a case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate the effects of dietary conjugated @entity7 (CLA) at high-fat (HF) levels on parameters related to @entity3 (TG) regulation and some potential impacts on @entity2 . METHODS: Growing @entity0 were fed a control diet (7% @entity6 oil), an HF diet containing 20% @entity6 oil, or an HF diet containing 3% CLA (HF + CLA) for 30 d. Tissue and organ weights, plasma and tissue TG levels, and parameters related to their regulation were evaluated. Liver oxidative status was also assessed. RESULTS: Dietary CLA showed detrimental and beneficial effects. CLA added to the HF diet caused @entity1 (+32%) and exacerbated the hepatic TG accumulation (+168%) observed with the HF diet without inducing @entity2 ; however, it significantly reduced plasma TG concentrations (-37%) and normalized muscular TG content. An increase in @entity4 was associated with total normalization of liver lipid peroxidation. In addition, HF + @entity8 caused @entity5 of epididymal fat pads, even when the HF diet had increased the adipose tissue mass (30%). The biochemical mechanisms involved in the regulation of lipid levels were related to reduced (-20%) hepatic very low-density lipoprotein-TG secretion and decreased muscle (-35%) and adipose (-49%) tissue contributions to the removal of plasma TG by lipoprotein lipase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Examination of CLA at HF levels showed @entity1 and exacerbation of lipid accretion as a negative impact; however, some positive aspects such as hypotriglyceridemia and protection against oxidative stress were also induced. Even the fat reduction is nutritionally important for weight control; the biochemical mechanisms whereby CLA mediates the potential effects could produce undesirable metabolic alterations.

title: Effects of dietary conjugated @entity7 at high-fat levels on XXXX regulation in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate the effects of dietary conjugated @entity7 (CLA) at high-fat (HF) levels on parameters related to @entity3 (TG) regulation and some potential impacts on @entity2 . METHODS: Growing @entity0 were fed a control diet (7% @entity6 oil), an HF diet containing 20% @entity6 oil, or an HF diet containing 3% CLA (HF + CLA) for 30 d. Tissue and organ weights, plasma and tissue TG levels, and parameters related to their regulation were evaluated. Liver oxidative status was also assessed. RESULTS: Dietary CLA showed detrimental and beneficial effects. CLA added to the HF diet caused @entity1 (+32%) and exacerbated the hepatic TG accumulation (+168%) observed with the HF diet without inducing @entity2 ; however, it significantly reduced plasma TG concentrations (-37%) and normalized muscular TG content. An increase in @entity4 was associated with total normalization of liver lipid peroxidation. In addition, HF + @entity8 caused @entity5 of epididymal fat pads, even when the HF diet had increased the adipose tissue mass (30%). The biochemical mechanisms involved in the regulation of lipid levels were related to reduced (-20%) hepatic very low-density lipoprotein-TG secretion and decreased muscle (-35%) and adipose (-49%) tissue contributions to the removal of plasma TG by lipoprotein lipase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Examination of CLA at HF levels showed @entity1 and exacerbation of lipid accretion as a negative impact; however, some positive aspects such as hypotriglyceridemia and protection against oxidative stress were also induced. Even the fat reduction is nutritionally important for weight control; the biochemical mechanisms whereby CLA mediates the potential effects could produce undesirable metabolic alterations.

title: Effects of dietary conjugated XXXX at high-fat levels on @entity3 regulation in @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate the effects of dietary conjugated @entity7 (CLA) at high-fat (HF) levels on parameters related to @entity3 (TG) regulation and some potential impacts on @entity2 . METHODS: Growing @entity0 were fed a control diet (7% @entity6 oil), an HF diet containing 20% @entity6 oil, or an HF diet containing 3% CLA (HF + CLA) for 30 d. Tissue and organ weights, plasma and tissue TG levels, and parameters related to their regulation were evaluated. Liver oxidative status was also assessed. RESULTS: Dietary CLA showed detrimental and beneficial effects. CLA added to the HF diet caused @entity1 (+32%) and exacerbated the hepatic TG accumulation (+168%) observed with the HF diet without inducing @entity2 ; however, it significantly reduced plasma TG concentrations (-37%) and normalized muscular TG content. An increase in @entity4 was associated with total normalization of liver lipid peroxidation. In addition, HF + @entity8 caused @entity5 of epididymal fat pads, even when the HF diet had increased the adipose tissue mass (30%). The biochemical mechanisms involved in the regulation of lipid levels were related to reduced (-20%) hepatic very low-density lipoprotein-TG secretion and decreased muscle (-35%) and adipose (-49%) tissue contributions to the removal of plasma TG by lipoprotein lipase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Examination of CLA at HF levels showed @entity1 and exacerbation of lipid accretion as a negative impact; however, some positive aspects such as hypotriglyceridemia and protection against oxidative stress were also induced. Even the fat reduction is nutritionally important for weight control; the biochemical mechanisms whereby CLA mediates the potential effects could produce undesirable metabolic alterations.

title: Effects of dietary conjugated @entity7 at high-fat levels on @entity3 regulation in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: By measuring the pressure decline caused by coronary narrowing, fractional flow reserve (FFR) is an index of the physiological significance of a @entity3 . Intracoronary electrocardiogram (IC-ECG) recording from an angioplasty guidewire is more sensitive than standard ECG in detecting regional @entity2 . The aim of the study was to assess if unipolar IC-ECG ST segment recording from angioplasty guidewire during maximal pharmacologic vasodilation could be used as an indirect estimation of FFR results. METHODS: Forty-eight clinically stable @entity0 with intermediate @entity3 underwent FFR evaluation and IC-ECG recording during intravenous @entity4 infusion. RESULTS: FFR values were  <= 0.80 in 26 (54%) @entity0 and > 0.80 in 22 (46%). After @entity4 , standard ECG was abnormal in only nine (19%) @entity0 , while IC-ECG showed a significant ST segment shift (IST) in 24 (50%) @entity0 : ST elevation in 19 @entity0 and @entity1 in five). IST was documented in 21/26 @entity0 with FFR  <= 0.80 (81%) and in 3/22 with FFR > 0.80 (p < 0.001). Sensitivity of IST for predicting an abnormal FFR value was 81%, specificity 86%, positive and negative predictive accuracies were 88% and 79%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Intracoronary ST segment shift evaluation during @entity4 infusion may be of value in assessing the functional significance of a borderline @entity3 . The presence of IST during @entity4 infusion could obviate the need for additional FFR evaluation.

title: Intracoronary electrocardiogram ST segment shift evaluation during intravenous XXXX infusion: a comparison with fractional flow reserve.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided percutaneous cryoablation of normal @entity2 prostates and to identify MR imaging features that accurately predict the area of tissue damage at a microscopic level. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six adult male mixed-breed @entity2 were anesthetized, intubated, and placed in a 0.5-T open MR imaging system. A receive-only endorectal coil was placed, and prostate location and depth were determined on T1-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) MR imaging. After placement of cryoprobes and temperature sensors, three freezing protocols were used to ablate prostate tissue. Ice ball formation was monitored with T1-weighted FSE imaging. Tissue @entity1 area was assessed with contrast-enhanced weighted MR imaging and compared with histopathologic findings. RESULTS: A total of 12 cryolesions (mean size, 1.2 cm) were bilaterally created in six prostates. Ice ball formation was oval and signal-free on T1-weighted FSE sequences in all cases. Postprocedural contrast-enhanced MR imaging typically showed a nonenhancing area of low signal intensity centrally located within the frozen area, surrounded by a bright enhancing rim in all cases. On histopathologic examination, two distinct zones were identified within cryolesions. Centrally, a necrotic zone with complete cellular destruction and @entity3 was found. Between this necrotic zone and normal glandular tissue, a zone of fragmented and intact glands, @entity0 , and rare acute inflammatory cells was seen. Correlation between nonenhancement on contrast-enhanced weighted MR images and tissue @entity1 on pathologic examination was consistent within all six @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: MR imaging-guided cryoablation of the prostate is technically feasible. The nonenhancing area on postablation contrast-enhanced weighted MR imaging accurately predicts the area of cryoablation-induced tissue @entity1 on pathologic analysis.

title: MR imaging-guided percutaneous cryoablation of the prostate in an animal model: in vivo imaging of cryoablation-induced tissue XXXX with immediate histopathologic correlation.

answer: @entity1