abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the relationship between the horizontal @entity2 diameter and prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: @entity0 ' records were analyzed retrospectively. @entity0 data, including age, gender, vertical penetration, anatomic location, differentiation of the @entity2 , @entity2 node @entity1 (TNM) stage, survival rate, and disease-free survival, were analyzed to find out if there was any correlation with horizontal @entity2 diameter. RESULTS: A total of 439 @entity3 @entity0 were enrolled. @entity0 were stratified into two groups according to the horizontal @entity2 diameter ( <=4.5 cm vs. >4.5 cm). Poorly differentiated @entity2 were significantly larger than other differentiation groups (p=0.003). The horizontal diameter increased with increase in T-stage (p<0.001). Similarly, the number of positive lymph nodes increased significantly as the size of the horizontal @entity2 diameter increased (p<0.001). The relationship between TNM staging and the horizontal diameter of @entity2 in both groups was examined, and it was found that the progression of @entity2 stage was accompanied by increased horizontal diameter (p<0.001). It was also found that the horizontal @entity2 diameter was not correlated with local recurrence (p=0.063). However, distant @entity1 was higher in @entity0 with a @entity2 larger than 4.5 cm (p=0.02). Although the disease-free survival was shorter in @entity0 with a horizontal @entity2 diameter more than 4.5 cm, the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: There is a significant relation between horizontal diameter of the @entity2 and depth of the @entity2 , lymph node involvement, overall survival, and distant @entity1 . Horizontal diameter of the @entity2 can possibly be used as a prognostic factor in @entity3 @entity0 .

title: Can horizontal diameter of XXXX help predict prognosis?

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In Ghana, @entity2 continues to top outpatient morbidities; accounting for about 40% of all attendances. Effective case-management is key to its control. We evaluated case-management practices of uncomplicated @entity2 in Kwahu South District (KSD) health facilities to determine their conformity to guidelines. METHODS: We conducted a cross sectional survey at all public health facilities in three randomly selected sub-districts in KSD. A non-participatory observation of suspected @entity2 consultations was conducted. Suspected @entity2 was defined as any @entity0 with @entity1 (by history or measured axillary temperature > or equal 37.5 oC) presenting at the selected health facilities between 19th and 29th April 2013. Findings were expressed as frequencies, relative frequencies, mean (   standard deviation) and median. RESULTS: Of 70 clinical observations involving 10 prescribers in six health facilities, 40 (57.1%) were females and 16 (22.9%) were below five years. Median age was 18 years (interquartile range: 5-33). Overall, 63 (90.0%) suspected case- @entity0 had diagnostic tests. Two (3.6%) were treated presumptively. All 31 confirmed and 10 (33.3%) of the test negative case- @entity0 received @entity4 -based Combination Therapies (ACTs). However, only 12 (27.9%) of the 43 case- @entity0 treated with ACT received @entity3 - @entity5 (AA). Only three (18.8%) of the under-fives were examined for non-malarial causes of @entity1 . Mean number of drugs per @entity0 was 3.7 drugs (   1.1). Only 45 (64.3%) @entity0 received at least one counseling message. CONCLUSION: Conformity of @entity2 case-management practices to guidelines in KSD was suboptimal. Apart from high rate of diagnostic testing and ACT use, prescription of AA, physical examination and counseling needed improvement.

title: Direct observation of outpatient management of XXXX in a rural ghanaian district.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterise the demographics, length of admission, final diagnoses, long-term outcome and costs associated with the population who presented to an Australian @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with symptoms of possible @entity6 ( @entity6 ). DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity0 : Prospectively collected data on @entity2 @entity0 presenting with suspected @entity6 between November 2008 and February 2011 was used, including data on presentation and at 30 days after presentation. Information on @entity0 disposition, length of stay and costs incurred was extracted from hospital administration records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were mean and median cost and length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes were diagnosis of @entity6 , other @entity1 or non- @entity1 within 30 days of presentation. RESULTS: An @entity6 was diagnosed in 103 (11.1%) of the 926 @entity0 recruited. 193 @entity0 (20.8%) were diagnosed with other cardiovascular-related conditions and 622 @entity0 (67.2%) had non-cardiac-related @entity3 . @entity6 events occurred in 0 and 11 (1.9%) of the low-risk and intermediate-risk groups, respectively. Ninety-two (28.0%) of the 329 high-risk @entity0 had an @entity6 event. @entity0 with a proven @entity6 , high-grade @entity4 , @entity5 and other respiratory conditions had the longest length of stay. The mean cost was highest in the @entity6 group ( 13  509; 95% CI,  11  794- 15  223) followed by other @entity1 ( 7283; 95% CI,  6152- 8415) and non- @entity1 ( 3331; 95% CI,  2976- 3685). CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity2 @entity0 with symptoms of possible @entity6 do not have a cardiac cause for their presentation. The current guideline-based process of assessment is lengthy, costly and consumes significant resources. Investigation of strategies to shorten this process or reduce the need for objective cardiac testing in @entity0 at intermediate risk according to the National Heart Foundation and Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand guideline is required.

title: Cost and outcomes of assessing @entity0 with @entity3 in an Australian XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterise the demographics, length of admission, final diagnoses, long-term outcome and costs associated with the population who presented to an Australian @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with symptoms of possible @entity6 ( @entity6 ). DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity0 : Prospectively collected data on @entity2 @entity0 presenting with suspected @entity6 between November 2008 and February 2011 was used, including data on presentation and at 30 days after presentation. Information on @entity0 disposition, length of stay and costs incurred was extracted from hospital administration records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were mean and median cost and length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes were diagnosis of @entity6 , other @entity1 or non- @entity1 within 30 days of presentation. RESULTS: An @entity6 was diagnosed in 103 (11.1%) of the 926 @entity0 recruited. 193 @entity0 (20.8%) were diagnosed with other cardiovascular-related conditions and 622 @entity0 (67.2%) had non-cardiac-related @entity3 . @entity6 events occurred in 0 and 11 (1.9%) of the low-risk and intermediate-risk groups, respectively. Ninety-two (28.0%) of the 329 high-risk @entity0 had an @entity6 event. @entity0 with a proven @entity6 , high-grade @entity4 , @entity5 and other respiratory conditions had the longest length of stay. The mean cost was highest in the @entity6 group ( 13  509; 95% CI,  11  794- 15  223) followed by other @entity1 ( 7283; 95% CI,  6152- 8415) and non- @entity1 ( 3331; 95% CI,  2976- 3685). CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity2 @entity0 with symptoms of possible @entity6 do not have a cardiac cause for their presentation. The current guideline-based process of assessment is lengthy, costly and consumes significant resources. Investigation of strategies to shorten this process or reduce the need for objective cardiac testing in @entity0 at intermediate risk according to the National Heart Foundation and Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand guideline is required.

title: Cost and outcomes of assessing @entity0 with XXXX in an Australian @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to characterise the demographics, length of admission, final diagnoses, long-term outcome and costs associated with the population who presented to an Australian @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with symptoms of possible @entity6 ( @entity6 ). DESIGN, SETTING AND @entity0 : Prospectively collected data on @entity2 @entity0 presenting with suspected @entity6 between November 2008 and February 2011 was used, including data on presentation and at 30 days after presentation. Information on @entity0 disposition, length of stay and costs incurred was extracted from hospital administration records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were mean and median cost and length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes were diagnosis of @entity6 , other @entity1 or non- @entity1 within 30 days of presentation. RESULTS: An @entity6 was diagnosed in 103 (11.1%) of the 926 @entity0 recruited. 193 @entity0 (20.8%) were diagnosed with other cardiovascular-related conditions and 622 @entity0 (67.2%) had non-cardiac-related @entity3 . @entity6 events occurred in 0 and 11 (1.9%) of the low-risk and intermediate-risk groups, respectively. Ninety-two (28.0%) of the 329 high-risk @entity0 had an @entity6 event. @entity0 with a proven @entity6 , high-grade @entity4 , @entity5 and other respiratory conditions had the longest length of stay. The mean cost was highest in the @entity6 group ( 13  509; 95% CI,  11  794- 15  223) followed by other @entity1 ( 7283; 95% CI,  6152- 8415) and non- @entity1 ( 3331; 95% CI,  2976- 3685). CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity2 @entity0 with symptoms of possible @entity6 do not have a cardiac cause for their presentation. The current guideline-based process of assessment is lengthy, costly and consumes significant resources. Investigation of strategies to shorten this process or reduce the need for objective cardiac testing in @entity0 at intermediate risk according to the National Heart Foundation and Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand guideline is required.

title: Cost and outcomes of assessing XXXX with @entity3 in an Australian @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection that has potentially serious consequences unless detected and treated early. The health service in the UK offers clinic-based testing for @entity2 but uptake is low. Identifying the predictors of testing behaviours may inform interventions to increase uptake. Self-tests for @entity2 may facilitate testing and treatment in @entity0 who avoid clinic-based testing. Self-testing and being tested by a @entity1 ( @entity1 ) involve two contrasting contexts that may influence testing behaviour. However, little is known about how predictors of behaviour differ as a function of context. In this study, theoretical models of behaviour were used to assess factors that may predict intention to test in two different contexts: self-testing and being tested by a @entity1 . Individuals searching for or reading about @entity2 testing online were recruited using Google Adwords. @entity0 completed an online questionnaire that addressed previous testing behaviour and measured constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour and Protection Motivation Theory, which propose a total of eight possible predictors of intention. The questionnaire was completed by 310 @entity0 . Sufficient data for multiple regression were provided by 102 and 118 respondents for self-testing and testing by a @entity1 respectively. Intention to self-test was predicted by vulnerability and self-efficacy, with a trend-level effect for response efficacy. Intention to be tested by a @entity1 was predicted by vulnerability, attitude and subjective norm. Thus, intentions to carry out two testing behaviours with very similar goals can have different predictors depending on test context. We conclude that interventions to increase self-testing should be based on evidence specifically related to test context.

title: An online study combining the constructs from the theory of planned behaviour and protection motivation theory in predicting intention to test for XXXX in two testing contexts.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Much attention has been paid to preoperative treatment as a new strategy especially for borderline resectable @entity3 (BRPC). The purpose of this study was to define the optimal indication of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) for @entity3 . METHODS: We analyzed consecutive 184 @entity0 who had undergone pancreatic resection in Nara Medical University Hospital. Resectability status was classified by NCCN guidelines. Full-dose @entity2 with concurrent radiation was used as NACRT. We evaluated 85 @entity0 treated with NACRT in comparison with 99 @entity0 without NACRT as control. RESULTS: The regimen of NACRT was well tolerated and feasible. The perioperative outcomes were almost comparable. The postoperative complications were significantly less frequent in NACRT group than non-NACRT group. The pathological effects on both resectable and borderline @entity1 were favorable in NACRT group compared to non-NACRT group. The overall survival of resectable @entity3 was significantly better than that of BRPC regardless of whether the @entity0 were treated with or without NACRT. The prognosis of the @entity0 with NACRT in resectable @entity1 was significantly better than without, while there was no significant difference in BRPC. Furthermore, multivariate analysis of various factors in the @entity0 with NACRT identified resectability status and completion of adjuvant chemotherapy as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: NACRT did not improve the prognosis of the @entity0 with BRPC, although it induced substantial pathological antitumor effect. In contrast, the prognosis of resectable @entity3 treated with NACRT was favorable. Therefore, resectable @entity3 may be good indication for multimodal treatment including NACRT.

title: Optimal indication of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECT The authors' aim was perform a systematic review on the incidence of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) after surgery for @entity1 . METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed to assess the rate of @entity2 in studies published between 1985 and 2014. Inclusion criteria were 1) English-language literature; 2) @entity0 subjects; 3) pediatric cases; and 4) @entity2 confirmed with invasive intracranial pressure monitoring. RESULTS Seven studies met inclusion criteria. @entity2 was reported to be present in 5% of @entity0 postoperatively with @entity1 and 4% of @entity0 with all forms of @entity1 . Inadequate numbers were available to determine the incidence of @entity2 for syndromic and individual nonsyndromic sutural synostosis based on the inclusion criteria. Surgical groups were subdivided into cranial remodeling procedures without orbital advancement and craniofacial procedures with orbital advancement. @entity2 was reported to be present in 5% of @entity0 with all forms of @entity3 after cranial remodeling procedures and 1% after craniofacial advancement. CONCLUSIONS Postoperative development of @entity2 has been described by multiple institutions, but the variation in how @entity2 is determined and the multiple surgical procedures to correct @entity1 has limited the number of studies subject to a meta-analysis. Nonetheless, this entity deserves special attention, and further studies are required to determine the true incidence of @entity2 , including the role of various surgical procedures on its incidence. The long-term consequences of chronic @entity2 in this group of @entity0 also need to be evaluated.

title: Intracranial hypertension after surgical correction for XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In our exploratory studies, we associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes with the efficacy and @entity1 of sunitinib in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). OBJECTIVE: To see whether previously reported associations of SNPs with sunitinib-induced @entity1 and efficacy in @entity3 can be confirmed in a large cohort of @entity0 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : The @entity3 @entity0 treated with sunitinib and a DNA sample available were pooled from three exploratory studies conducted in the United States, Spain, and the Netherlands. A total of 22 SNPs and 6 haplotypes in 10 candidate genes related to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sunitinib were selected for association testing. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SNPs and haplotypes were tested for associations with @entity1 , dose reductions, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and best objective response. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: A total of 333 @entity0 were included. We confirmed 2 of the 22 previously reported SNP associations. The presence of @entity4 *1 was associated with dose reductions (odds ratio: 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-4.0, p=0.039). The presence of @entity5 in the @entity2 haplotype was associated with an increased PFS (hazard ratio: 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.6; p<0.001) and remained significant after Bonferroni correction. These associations are consistent with prior observations. CONCLUSIONS: The confirmation of previously reported associations between polymorphisms in @entity4 and @entity2 with sunitinib @entity1 and efficacy, respectively, indicates that genotyping of these genetic variants will be useful for guiding sunitinib treatment. A prospective validation study is needed to confirm our findings on @entity2 and @entity4 genetic polymorphisms. @entity0 SUMMARY: We confirmed that variants in genes involved in processing sunitinib through the body have an effect on sunitinib treatment outcome. These findings confirm the potential of testing for these genetic variants to improve individual @entity0 care for @entity0 with @entity3 treated with sunitinib.

title: @entity4 and @entity2 polymorphisms as predictors for sunitinib outcome in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In our exploratory studies, we associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes with the efficacy and @entity1 of sunitinib in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). OBJECTIVE: To see whether previously reported associations of SNPs with sunitinib-induced @entity1 and efficacy in @entity3 can be confirmed in a large cohort of @entity0 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : The @entity3 @entity0 treated with sunitinib and a DNA sample available were pooled from three exploratory studies conducted in the United States, Spain, and the Netherlands. A total of 22 SNPs and 6 haplotypes in 10 candidate genes related to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sunitinib were selected for association testing. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SNPs and haplotypes were tested for associations with @entity1 , dose reductions, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and best objective response. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: A total of 333 @entity0 were included. We confirmed 2 of the 22 previously reported SNP associations. The presence of @entity4 *1 was associated with dose reductions (odds ratio: 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-4.0, p=0.039). The presence of @entity5 in the @entity2 haplotype was associated with an increased PFS (hazard ratio: 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.6; p<0.001) and remained significant after Bonferroni correction. These associations are consistent with prior observations. CONCLUSIONS: The confirmation of previously reported associations between polymorphisms in @entity4 and @entity2 with sunitinib @entity1 and efficacy, respectively, indicates that genotyping of these genetic variants will be useful for guiding sunitinib treatment. A prospective validation study is needed to confirm our findings on @entity2 and @entity4 genetic polymorphisms. @entity0 SUMMARY: We confirmed that variants in genes involved in processing sunitinib through the body have an effect on sunitinib treatment outcome. These findings confirm the potential of testing for these genetic variants to improve individual @entity0 care for @entity0 with @entity3 treated with sunitinib.

title: XXXX and @entity2 polymorphisms as predictors for sunitinib outcome in @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In our exploratory studies, we associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes with the efficacy and @entity1 of sunitinib in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). OBJECTIVE: To see whether previously reported associations of SNPs with sunitinib-induced @entity1 and efficacy in @entity3 can be confirmed in a large cohort of @entity0 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : The @entity3 @entity0 treated with sunitinib and a DNA sample available were pooled from three exploratory studies conducted in the United States, Spain, and the Netherlands. A total of 22 SNPs and 6 haplotypes in 10 candidate genes related to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sunitinib were selected for association testing. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: SNPs and haplotypes were tested for associations with @entity1 , dose reductions, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and best objective response. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: A total of 333 @entity0 were included. We confirmed 2 of the 22 previously reported SNP associations. The presence of @entity4 *1 was associated with dose reductions (odds ratio: 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-4.0, p=0.039). The presence of @entity5 in the @entity2 haplotype was associated with an increased PFS (hazard ratio: 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.6; p<0.001) and remained significant after Bonferroni correction. These associations are consistent with prior observations. CONCLUSIONS: The confirmation of previously reported associations between polymorphisms in @entity4 and @entity2 with sunitinib @entity1 and efficacy, respectively, indicates that genotyping of these genetic variants will be useful for guiding sunitinib treatment. A prospective validation study is needed to confirm our findings on @entity2 and @entity4 genetic polymorphisms. @entity0 SUMMARY: We confirmed that variants in genes involved in processing sunitinib through the body have an effect on sunitinib treatment outcome. These findings confirm the potential of testing for these genetic variants to improve individual @entity0 care for @entity0 with @entity3 treated with sunitinib.

title: @entity4 and XXXX polymorphisms as predictors for sunitinib outcome in @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The direct analysis in real time (DART) ionization source coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF @entity0 / @entity0 ) system has the capability to desorb analytes directly from samples without sample cleanup or chromatographic separation. In this work, a method based on DART/Q-TOF @entity0 / @entity0 has been developed for rapid identification of @entity3 ( @entity2 ) present in powdered milk. Simple sample extraction procedure employing @entity1 -water (80:20, v/v) mixture was followed by direct, high-throughput determination of sample extracts spread on a steel mesh of the transmission module by mass spectrometry under ambient conditions. The method has been evaluated for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of @entity2 in powdered milk. Variables including experimental apparatus, DART gas heater temperature, sample presentation speed, and vacuum pressure were investigated. The quantitative method was validated with respect to linearity, sensitivity, repeatability, precision, and accuracy by using external standards. After optimization of these parameters, a limit of detection (LOD) of 100  g kg(-1) was obtained for @entity2 with a linear working range from 100 to 10000  g kg(-1) and a satisfactory correlation coefficient (R(2)) of 0.9997. Good recovery (80.08%-106.47%) and repeatability (RSD   =   3.0%-5.4%) were achieved for @entity2 . The DART/Q-TOF @entity0 / @entity0 -based method provides a rapid, efficient, and powerful scheme to analyze @entity2 in powdered milk with limited sample preparation, thus reducing time and complexity of quality control. Graphical Abstract    .

title: Determination of XXXX in Powdered Milk Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis affects approximately 10-15% of reproductive-aged @entity0 . The disease is characterized by functional endometrial glands outside the uterine cavity; peritoneal, ovarian, and deep infiltrating @entity3 can be distinguished. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition describes the conversion of stationary epithelial cells into proliferative and invasive mesenchymal cells. The canonical Wnt-signaling system serves as an important driver for epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Hence, it was the study objective to quantify the expression changes of 1) Wnt-signaling pathway genes and 2) Wnt-target genes-also playing a role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition-in @entity2 tissues. METHODS: Real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to 77 tissue samples collected from reproductive-aged @entity0 with and without @entity2 in different stages of their cycles. RESULTS: In the endometria of those in the case and control groups, expression of Wnt agonists was significantly increased in the luteal compared with the follicular phase of the cycle. Levels of Wnt-signaling receptors were down-regulated in the endometria of @entity2 @entity0 compared with those in the control group. In @entity1 , the expression of Wnt-signaling agonists, antagonists, and receptors as well as Wnt-target genes relevant in epithelial-mesenchymal transition was significantly altered when compared with matching endometrial samples. CONCLUSION: The expression of endometrial Wnt-signaling genes varies in different phases of the cycle; the expression pattern differs between those with and without @entity2 . Expression of genes encoding for the Wnt-signaling system as well as Wnt-target genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition is regulated differently in @entity2 and endometrium. Therefore, we hypothesize that altered Wnt-signaling may result in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of @entity2 cells, serving as prerequisite for the establishment and maintenance of ectopic lesions.

title: Expression of Wnt-Signaling Pathway Genes and Wnt-Target Genes in XXXX Endometriosis Tissue [25].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and @entity4 profile of dose-dense @entity7 -based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by radical surgery in @entity0 affected by locally advanced @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 affected by @entity11 FIGO (International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology) stage @entity12 were enrolled into the study. The treatment schedule consisted of 5 cycles of intravenous @entity9 60 mg/m(2) plus @entity7 60 mg/m(2) every 10 days; @entity0 were then submitted to radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. RESULTS: From January 2011 to March 2013, 22 @entity0 were enrolled. Median age was 47 (26-83) years. FIGO stages included 1 IIA, 15 IIB, 1 IIIA, and 5 IIIB. Ninety-one percent of @entity0 completed all the 5 planned cycles of NACT. Three @entity0 experienced @entity2 to @entity9 . Grade 3-4 hematological @entity4 was observed in 18% of cases. In 3 cases, grade 3-4 extra-hematological adverse and life-threatening events were reported (1 @entity10 , 1 transient @entity3 attack, and 1 @entity6 ). No treatment-related @entity5 occurred. The operability rate was 86.4%. The overall response rate was 52.6%: 5 @entity0 (26.3%) experienced clinical complete response, and 5 (26.3%) showed a clinical partial response. Stable disease was observed in 47.4% of @entity0 , with no progressive disease recorded. Pathological response was observed in 57.9% of cases. Six out of 19 (31.6%) @entity0 were submitted to adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSION: Dose-dense @entity7 -based NACT showed a response rate in approximately half of @entity0 . However, in consideration of the reported extra-hematological @entity4 , further studies on and new strategies with dose-dense @entity8 -based NACT are required to improve outcome in @entity1 @entity0 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Dose-Dense Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy plus Radical Surgery in Locally Advanced XXXX : A Phase II Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Effective surveillance and estimation of the biting fraction of @entity3 is critical for accurate determination of the extent of virus transmission during outbreaks and inter-epidemic periods of dengue and @entity5 . Here, we describe the development and use of synthetic @entity0 odor baits for improved sampling of adult Ae. aegypti, in two dengue and @entity5 fevers endemic areas in Kenya; Kilifi and Busia counties. METHODS: We collected volatiles from the feet and trunks of two female and two male volunteers aged between 25 and 45  years. We used coupled gas chromatography- electroantennographic detection (GC/EAD) analysis to screen for antennally-active components from the volatiles and coupled GC-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to identify the EAD-active components. Using randomized replicated designs, we compared the efficacies of Biogents (BG) sentinel traps baited with @entity1 plus either single or blends of the identified compounds against the BG sentinel trap baited with @entity1 plus the BG commercial lure in trapping Ae. aegypti. The daily mosquito counts in the different traps were subjected to negative binomial regression following the generalized linear models procedures. RESULTS: A total of ten major EAD-active components identified by GC/MS as mainly @entity2 and @entity4 , were consistently isolated from the @entity0 feet and trunk volatiles from at least two volunteers. Field assays with synthetic chemicals of the shared EAD-active components identified from the feet and trunk gave varying results. Ae. aegypti were more attracted to @entity1 baited BG sentinel traps combined with blends of @entity2 than to similar traps combined with blends of @entity4 . When we assessed the efficacy of @entity6 detected in odors of the BG commercial lure and volunteers plus @entity1 , trap captures of Ae. aegypti doubled over the trap baited with the commercial BG lure. However, dispensing @entity2 and @entity4 together in blends, reduced trap captures of Ae. aegypti by ~45%-50%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide evidence for roles of @entity4 and @entity2 in Ae. aegypti host attraction and also show that of the @entity4 , @entity6 is a more effective lure for the vector than the BG commercial lure.

title: An improved odor bait for monitoring populations of XXXX -vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses in Kenya.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To characterize etiology, clinical course and outcomes of @entity0 in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and looking for prognostic factors. METHODS: Retrospective study conducted in @entity0 hospitalized from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2011 in 19 polyvalent intensive care units in French university and general hospitals. @entity0 were adults with a generalized @entity6 @entity3 that lasted more than seven days, despite treatment including an anesthetic drug and mechanical ventilation. @entity0 with @entity2 were excluded. Follow-up phone call was used to determine functional outcome using modified Rankin Scale (mRS) with mRS 0-3 defining good and mRS 4-6 poor outcome. RESULTS: 78 @entity0 (35 female) were included. Median age was 57 years. Causes of @entity3 were various, mainly including prior @entity5 (14.1%), CNS @entity4 (12.8%), and @entity1 (12.8%). No etiology was found in 27 (34.6%) @entity0 . @entity3 was considered controlled in only 53 (67.9%) @entity0 after a median duration of 17 (IQR 12-26) days. The median length of ICU stay was 28 (19-48) days. Forty-one (52.5%) @entity0 died in the ICU, 26 from @entity7 , 8 from care withdrawal, 2 from @entity8 , 1 from @entity9 and 4 from unknown causes. @entity3 was previously resolved in 20 @entity0 who died in the ICU. At one-year follow-up, there were 12 @entity0 with good outcome and 58 with poor outcome and 8 lost of follow-up. On multivariate analysis, only vasopressor use was a predictor of poor outcome (OR 6.54; 95%CI 1.09-39.29; p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Poor outcome was observed in about 80% of this population of @entity3 . Most @entity0 died from systemic complications linked to their ICU stay. Some @entity0 can recover satisfactorily over time though we did not identify any robust factor of good outcome.

title: Functional outcome of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 (FVII) deficiency is a rare @entity1 caused by mutations in the F7 gene. The aims of this study were to characterize the molecular defect of F7 in Korean @entity0 with @entity2 and to find genotype-phenotype correlations. Study individuals consisted of 14 unrelated Korean @entity0 with @entity2 with residual FVII activities ranging from 1 to 34%. To identify causative mutations, we performed PCR amplification and direct sequencing of all exons and flanking sequences of F7 gene. In all 14 @entity0 , one (N = 4) or two (N = 10) mutant alleles were identified. A total of 11 unique mutations were detected, of which four were novel ( @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity8 ). Four recurrent mutations were observed in 86% of @entity0 (12 of 14) ( @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity11 , and @entity4 ) and accounted for 71% of all mutant alleles (17 of 24). The residual FVII activity was more than 5% in all six asymptomatic @entity0 (21%, range 6-34%), whereas it was 5% or less in all eight symptomatic @entity0 (2%, range 1-5%). In addition, the mean residual FVII activity in four @entity0 with a single mutant allele was 23.6% (range 3-34%), which was significantly higher than that in 10 @entity0 with two mutant alleles that was 4.6% (range 1-19%) (P = 0.023). In summary, the data from this study on the largest number of @entity2 in Korea showed recurrent mutations in this population and suggested genotype-phenotype correlations.

title: Recurrent mutations and genotype-phenotype correlations in XXXX in Korea.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of radiation therapy for para-aortic lymph node @entity1 from @entity2 and to identify an optimal radiation regimen. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 80 metastatic para-aortic lymph nodes, ranging from 11-50 mm (median=20 mm) on computed tomography, in 22 @entity0 with @entity4 were initially treated with radiation therapy. Total radiation doses for para-aortic lymph node @entity1 were 40-61.2 Gy (median=50.4 Gy) in 1.8-2 Gy fractions. RESULTS: Eight out of the 22 @entity0 remained alive at a median follow-up of 32 months. Seven irradiated lymph nodes, 20-50 mm in diameter, in four @entity0 progressed after irradiation at total doses of 44-50.4 Gy. No metastatic lymph nodes administered >50.4 Gy (median=55.8 Gy) exhibited progression after irradiation. All metastatic lymph nodes  <=25 mm in diameter irradiated with 50 or 50.4 Gy were controlled. The 3-year lymph node progression-free rates were 78% in the cohort of 22 @entity0 and 89% considering all 80 metastatic lymph nodes. Apart from transient hematological reactions, two @entity0 developed grade 3 or more therapy-related @entity3 , including @entity5 in one and @entity7 and @entity6 in another. CONCLUSION: Radiation therapy can effectively control para-aortic lymph node @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 . A total dose of 50.4 Gy in 1.8 Gy fractions is sufficient to control metastatic lymph nodes  <=25 mm in diameter, whereas a higher dose (approximately 55.8 Gy) may be required for larger nodes.

title: Radiation Therapy for Para-Aortic Lymph Node XXXX from Uterine Cervical @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of radiation therapy for para-aortic lymph node @entity1 from @entity2 and to identify an optimal radiation regimen. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 80 metastatic para-aortic lymph nodes, ranging from 11-50 mm (median=20 mm) on computed tomography, in 22 @entity0 with @entity4 were initially treated with radiation therapy. Total radiation doses for para-aortic lymph node @entity1 were 40-61.2 Gy (median=50.4 Gy) in 1.8-2 Gy fractions. RESULTS: Eight out of the 22 @entity0 remained alive at a median follow-up of 32 months. Seven irradiated lymph nodes, 20-50 mm in diameter, in four @entity0 progressed after irradiation at total doses of 44-50.4 Gy. No metastatic lymph nodes administered >50.4 Gy (median=55.8 Gy) exhibited progression after irradiation. All metastatic lymph nodes  <=25 mm in diameter irradiated with 50 or 50.4 Gy were controlled. The 3-year lymph node progression-free rates were 78% in the cohort of 22 @entity0 and 89% considering all 80 metastatic lymph nodes. Apart from transient hematological reactions, two @entity0 developed grade 3 or more therapy-related @entity3 , including @entity5 in one and @entity7 and @entity6 in another. CONCLUSION: Radiation therapy can effectively control para-aortic lymph node @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 . A total dose of 50.4 Gy in 1.8 Gy fractions is sufficient to control metastatic lymph nodes  <=25 mm in diameter, whereas a higher dose (approximately 55.8 Gy) may be required for larger nodes.

title: Radiation Therapy for Para-Aortic Lymph Node @entity1 from Uterine Cervical XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Iceland has a total population of 300,000 inhabitants. All @entity0 consulting for symptoms of the lower digestive tract during a four-year period (2003-2006) were subjected to a colonoscopic examination; all @entity3 were endoscopically removed. Out of the total 3,037 @entity5 ( @entity5 ), 308 (10.2%) were @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity2 were divided according the predominant histological phenotype (>50%) into those with ectopic crypt formations (ECF), and those with unlocked serrations (US). ECF- @entity6 accounted for 5.9% (178/3037) and US- @entity6 for 4.3% (130/3037). The majority of @entity0 with ECF- @entity6 and US- @entity6 were >= 60 years of age (74.1% and 76.2%, respectively). Notwithstanding, when @entity0 having advanced @entity2 (with high-grade @entity4 , with or without @entity1 ) were listed by age, those with ECF- @entity6 were significantly younger than those with US- @entity6 (p<0.05). ECF- @entity6 were more frequently left-sided (71.8%), whereas US- @entity6 were more frequently right-sided (60.0%). @entity1 evolved more frequently in ECF- @entity6 (7.8%) and in US- @entity6 (7.7%) than in tubular @entity2 and in villous/tubulovillous adenonas (0.1% and 4.4%, respectively). Comparative studies indicated that the incidence rates/year of ECF- @entity6 and US- @entity6 were significantly higher in Iceland than in Sweden or in Italy (p<0.05). Genetic and putative epigenetic (environmental) factor(s) might account for the high incidence rate/year of ECF- @entity6 and US- @entity6 in this country.

title: Two Phenotypes of Traditional Serrated XXXX Nationwide Survey in Iceland.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the correlations and strength of association between different imaging systems in analyzing the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) of @entity1 @entity0 : optical coherence tomography ( @entity3 ), scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (CSLO). MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: 114 eyes of @entity0 with moderate @entity2 underwent spectral domain @entity3 (Topcon SD- @entity3 2000 and Zeiss Cirrus HD- @entity3 ), SLP ( @entity4 Pro) and CSLO (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph, @entity5 ). Correlation coefficients were calculated between the structural parameters yielded by these examinations. The quantitative relationship between the measured RNFL thickness globally and for the four regions (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal) were evaluated with different regression models for all used imaging systems. RESULTS: The strongest correlation of RNFL measurements was found between devices using the same technology like @entity4 VCC and @entity4 Pro as well as Topcon @entity3 and Cirrus @entity3 . In @entity1 @entity0 , the strongest associations (R  ) were found between RNFL measurements of the two optical coherence tomography devices Topcon @entity3 and Cirrus @entity3 (R   = 0.513) and between @entity4 VCC and @entity4 Pro (R   = 0.451). The results of the OCTs and @entity4 Pro also had a strong quantitative relationship (Topcon @entity3 R   = 0.339 and Cirrus @entity3 R   = 0.347). @entity4 VCC and the OCTs showed a mild to moderate association (Topcon @entity3 R   = 0.207 and Cirrus @entity3 R   = 0.258). The confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy ( @entity5 ) had the lowest association to all other devices (Topcon @entity3 R   = 0.254, Cirrus @entity3 R   = 0.158, @entity4 Pro R   = 0.086 and @entity4 VCC R   = 0.1). CONCLUSION: The measurements of the RNFL in @entity1 @entity0 reveal a high correlation of @entity3 and @entity4 devices because OCTs can measure all major retinal layers and SLP can detect nerve fibers allowing a comparison between the results of this devices. However, CSLO by means of HRT topography can only measure height values of the retinal surface but it cannot distinguish between different retinal layers. This may explain the rather poor correlations and associations between CSLO measurements and those of all other imaging devices which makes it difficult to compare @entity5 nerve fiber data. These correlations are important in clinical routine especially when different techniques are used in the follow-up of @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Optical coherence tomography, scanning laser polarimetry and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in retinal nerve fiber layer measurements of XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the correlations and strength of association between different imaging systems in analyzing the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) of @entity1 @entity0 : optical coherence tomography ( @entity3 ), scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (CSLO). MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: 114 eyes of @entity0 with moderate @entity2 underwent spectral domain @entity3 (Topcon SD- @entity3 2000 and Zeiss Cirrus HD- @entity3 ), SLP ( @entity4 Pro) and CSLO (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph, @entity5 ). Correlation coefficients were calculated between the structural parameters yielded by these examinations. The quantitative relationship between the measured RNFL thickness globally and for the four regions (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal) were evaluated with different regression models for all used imaging systems. RESULTS: The strongest correlation of RNFL measurements was found between devices using the same technology like @entity4 VCC and @entity4 Pro as well as Topcon @entity3 and Cirrus @entity3 . In @entity1 @entity0 , the strongest associations (R  ) were found between RNFL measurements of the two optical coherence tomography devices Topcon @entity3 and Cirrus @entity3 (R   = 0.513) and between @entity4 VCC and @entity4 Pro (R   = 0.451). The results of the OCTs and @entity4 Pro also had a strong quantitative relationship (Topcon @entity3 R   = 0.339 and Cirrus @entity3 R   = 0.347). @entity4 VCC and the OCTs showed a mild to moderate association (Topcon @entity3 R   = 0.207 and Cirrus @entity3 R   = 0.258). The confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy ( @entity5 ) had the lowest association to all other devices (Topcon @entity3 R   = 0.254, Cirrus @entity3 R   = 0.158, @entity4 Pro R   = 0.086 and @entity4 VCC R   = 0.1). CONCLUSION: The measurements of the RNFL in @entity1 @entity0 reveal a high correlation of @entity3 and @entity4 devices because OCTs can measure all major retinal layers and SLP can detect nerve fibers allowing a comparison between the results of this devices. However, CSLO by means of HRT topography can only measure height values of the retinal surface but it cannot distinguish between different retinal layers. This may explain the rather poor correlations and associations between CSLO measurements and those of all other imaging devices which makes it difficult to compare @entity5 nerve fiber data. These correlations are important in clinical routine especially when different techniques are used in the follow-up of @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Optical coherence tomography, scanning laser polarimetry and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in retinal nerve fiber layer measurements of @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the role of @entity0 / @entity2 characteristics, radiation dose, and fractionation using the linear-quadratic (LQ) model to predict stereotactic body radiation therapy-induced grade >= 2 chest wall @entity3 (CWP2) in a larger series and develop clinically useful constraints for @entity0 treated with different fraction numbers. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 316 @entity1 in 295 @entity0 were treated with  stereotactic body radiation therapy in 3 to 5 fractions to 39 to 60  Gy. Absolute dose-absolute volume chest wall (CW) histograms were acquired. The raw dose-volume histograms (a/b  =      Gy) were converted via the LQ model to equivalent doses in 2-Gy fractions (normalized total dose, NTD) with a/b from 0 to 25  Gy in 0.1-Gy steps. The Cox proportional hazards (CPH) model was used in univariate and multivariate models to identify and assess CWP2 exposed to a given physical and NTD. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 15.4  months, and the median time to development of CWP2 was 7.4  months. On a univariate CPH model, prescription dose, prescription dose per fraction, number of fractions, D83cc, distance of @entity2 to CW, and body mass index were all statistically significant for the development of CWP2. Linear-quadratic correction improved the CPH model significance over the physical dose. The best-fit a/b was 2.1  Gy, and the physical dose (a/b  =      Gy) was outside the upper 95% confidence limit. With a/b  =  2.1  Gy, VNTD99Gy was most significant, with median VNTD99Gy  =  31.5  cm(3) (hazard ratio 3.87, P<.001). CONCLUSION: There were several predictive factors for the development of CWP2. The LQ-adjusted doses using the best-fit a/b  =  2.1  Gy is a better predictor of CWP2 than the physical dose. To aid dosimetrists, we have calculated the physical dose equivalent corresponding to VNTD99Gy  =  31.5  cm(3) for the 3- to 5-fraction groups.

title: Impact of Fractionation and Dose in a Multivariate Model for Radiation-Induced Chest  Wall XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the oncologic outcomes and prognostic factors between metastatic upper tract @entity3 (UTUC) and UC of the bladder (UCB) after @entity5 -based chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed @entity0 with metastatic UTUC and UCB after @entity7 / @entity8 / @entity4 / @entity5 (MVAC) or @entity2 / @entity5 chemotherapy between 1997 and 2014 at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses with Cox proportional hazard models were also performed to assess the effect of prognostic factors. RESULTS: Totally, 203 @entity0 were enrolled into our study, including 120 @entity0 with UTUC and 83 @entity0 with UCB. For @entity0 with UTUC, the median PFS was 7.3 months vs. 4.0 months (P<0.001), and the median @entity6 was 17.0 months vs. 10.5 months (P<0.001) for MVAC and @entity2 / @entity5 , respectively. For @entity0 with UCB, the median PFS (P = 0.35) and @entity6 (P = 0.06) of the 2 groups were insignificant. In multivariate analyses, number of metastatic sites was the identical prognostic factor for @entity6 between UTUC (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.63-4.62; P<0.001) and UCB (HR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.52-6.39; P = 0.002). Presence of liver @entity1 (HR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.05-2.23; P = 0.03) and MVAC chemotherapy (HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35-0.83; P<0.001) were significantly correlated to survival only for UTUC, not for UCB. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests discordant oncologic outcomes and prognostic factors between metastatic UTUC and UCB after @entity5 -based chemotherapy. A prospective study is warranted to validate our results.

title: The comparison of oncologic outcomes between metastatic upper tract @entity3 and @entity3 of the bladder after XXXX -based chemotherapy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the oncologic outcomes and prognostic factors between metastatic upper tract @entity3 (UTUC) and UC of the bladder (UCB) after @entity5 -based chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed @entity0 with metastatic UTUC and UCB after @entity7 / @entity8 / @entity4 / @entity5 (MVAC) or @entity2 / @entity5 chemotherapy between 1997 and 2014 at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses with Cox proportional hazard models were also performed to assess the effect of prognostic factors. RESULTS: Totally, 203 @entity0 were enrolled into our study, including 120 @entity0 with UTUC and 83 @entity0 with UCB. For @entity0 with UTUC, the median PFS was 7.3 months vs. 4.0 months (P<0.001), and the median @entity6 was 17.0 months vs. 10.5 months (P<0.001) for MVAC and @entity2 / @entity5 , respectively. For @entity0 with UCB, the median PFS (P = 0.35) and @entity6 (P = 0.06) of the 2 groups were insignificant. In multivariate analyses, number of metastatic sites was the identical prognostic factor for @entity6 between UTUC (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.63-4.62; P<0.001) and UCB (HR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.52-6.39; P = 0.002). Presence of liver @entity1 (HR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.05-2.23; P = 0.03) and MVAC chemotherapy (HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35-0.83; P<0.001) were significantly correlated to survival only for UTUC, not for UCB. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests discordant oncologic outcomes and prognostic factors between metastatic UTUC and UCB after @entity5 -based chemotherapy. A prospective study is warranted to validate our results.

title: The comparison of oncologic outcomes between metastatic upper tract XXXX and @entity3 of the bladder after @entity5 -based chemotherapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the oncologic outcomes and prognostic factors between metastatic upper tract @entity3 (UTUC) and UC of the bladder (UCB) after @entity5 -based chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed @entity0 with metastatic UTUC and UCB after @entity7 / @entity8 / @entity4 / @entity5 (MVAC) or @entity2 / @entity5 chemotherapy between 1997 and 2014 at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Progression-free survival (PFS) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses with Cox proportional hazard models were also performed to assess the effect of prognostic factors. RESULTS: Totally, 203 @entity0 were enrolled into our study, including 120 @entity0 with UTUC and 83 @entity0 with UCB. For @entity0 with UTUC, the median PFS was 7.3 months vs. 4.0 months (P<0.001), and the median @entity6 was 17.0 months vs. 10.5 months (P<0.001) for MVAC and @entity2 / @entity5 , respectively. For @entity0 with UCB, the median PFS (P = 0.35) and @entity6 (P = 0.06) of the 2 groups were insignificant. In multivariate analyses, number of metastatic sites was the identical prognostic factor for @entity6 between UTUC (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.74; 95% CI: 1.63-4.62; P<0.001) and UCB (HR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.52-6.39; P = 0.002). Presence of liver @entity1 (HR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.05-2.23; P = 0.03) and MVAC chemotherapy (HR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.35-0.83; P<0.001) were significantly correlated to survival only for UTUC, not for UCB. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests discordant oncologic outcomes and prognostic factors between metastatic UTUC and UCB after @entity5 -based chemotherapy. A prospective study is warranted to validate our results.

title: The comparison of oncologic outcomes between metastatic upper tract @entity3 and XXXX of the bladder after @entity5 -based chemotherapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are wound infections that occur after invasive (surgical) procedures. Preoperative bathing or showering with an antiseptic skin wash product is a well-accepted procedure for reducing skin bacteria (microflora). It is less clear whether reducing skin microflora leads to a lower incidence of @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: To review the evidence for preoperative bathing or showering with antiseptics for preventing hospital-acquired (nosocomial) surgical site infections. SEARCH METHODS: For this fifth update we searched the Cochrane Wounds Group Specialised Register (searched 18 December 2014); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library 2014 Issue 11); Ovid MEDLINE (2012 to December Week 4 2014), Ovid MEDLINE (In-Process _ Other Non-Indexed Citations December 18, 2014); Ovid EMBASE (2012 to 2014 Week 51), EBSCO CINAHL (2012 to December 18 2014) and reference lists of articles. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials comparing any antiseptic preparation used for preoperative full-body bathing or showering with non-antiseptic preparations in @entity0 undergoing surgery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed studies for selection, risk of bias and extracted data. Study authors were contacted for additional information. MAIN RESULTS: We did not identify any new trials for inclusion in this fifth update. Seven trials involving a total of 10,157 @entity0 were included. Four of the included trials had three comparison groups. The antiseptic used in all trials was 4% @entity3 (Hibiscrub/Riohex). Three trials involving 7791 @entity0 compared @entity2 with a placebo. Bathing with @entity2 compared with placebo did not result in a statistically significant reduction in SSIs; the relative risk of SSI (RR) was 0.91 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80 to 1.04). When only trials of high quality were included in this comparison, the RR of SSI was 0.95 (95%CI 0.82 to 1.10). Three trials of 1443 @entity0 compared bar soap with @entity2 ; when combined there was no difference in the risk of SSIs (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.84). Three trials of 1192 @entity0 compared bathing with @entity2 with no washing, one large study found a statistically significant difference in favour of bathing with @entity2 (RR 0.36, 95%CI 0.17 to 0.79). The smaller studies found no difference between @entity0 who washed with @entity2 and those who did not wash preoperatively. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: This review provides no clear evidence of benefit for preoperative showering or bathing with @entity2 over other wash products, to reduce @entity1 . Efforts to reduce the incidence of nosocomial @entity1 should focus on interventions where effect has been demonstrated.

title: Preoperative bathing or showering with skin antiseptics to prevent XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the best time of intratympanic @entity2 injection to treat @entity3 ( @entity3 ) as salvage therapy so that to improve the curative efficacy on sudden @entity4 at the utmost. METHOD: A total of 192 @entity0 with @entity3 were included in this study, among whom 63 cases received the systemic @entity1 therapy throughout the study, while the other ones were treated with systemic @entity1 as initial treatment and were given intratympanic @entity1 administration as salvage treatment starting at different time point. The salvage treatment started on the 3rd day after the beginning of the initial treatment for 29 cases, on the 7th day for 38 cases, on the 14th day for 43 cases, and 1 month later for 19 cases. All the @entity0 were followed up for 2 months. RESULT: The recovery rates and total effective rates showed no statistically significant difference between the @entity0 received only systemic @entity1 therapy and the ones received intratympanic @entity1 administration on the 3rd, 7th day and 1 month later after the initial treatment. The recovery rate and total effective rate exhibited statistically significant difference between the @entity0 received intratympanic @entity1 administration since the 14th day after the initial treatment and the ones received only systemic @entity1 therapy, with the numerical value of P 0. 037 and 0. 034, respectively. CONCLUSION: (1) As an initial management plan, the curative effects. between the intratympanic @entity1 administration and the systemic @entity1 therapy were not significantly different. (2) As a salvage treatment, intratympanic @entity1 was a better choice for @entity0 who have not completely recover from ISSNHL after failure of initial management with systemic @entity1 only. (3) The best time point of salvage treatment with intratympanic @entity1 was about 2 weeks after initial management with systemic @entity1 .

title: [Time of salvage treatment on XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effect of energy substrate depletion and of high @entity3 (LA) load on the development of irreversible cell injury was evaluated in the lateral gastrocnemius muscle of @entity1 subjected to 4 hr of tourniquet hindlimb @entity0 . Three groups of animals were studied. Group I, high @entity2 - @entity0 , these animals were subjected to 4 hr of @entity0 ; group II, low @entity2 --low LA @entity0 , in this group the gastrocnemius muscle was electrically stimulated for 5 min during @entity0 conditions to reduce the glycogen store, a short reperfusion period was allowed after the stimulation in order to wash out the built up LA, and the muscle was then subjected to 4 hr of @entity0 ; group III, low @entity2 --high LA @entity0 , in this group glycogen was depleted as in group II, but no reperfusion period was allowed before the 4 hr period of @entity0 . In group I, @entity2 levels were well preserved during the @entity0 period, whereas in the substrate-deprived groups (II and III) a rapid depletion of @entity2 and @entity4 (CP) occurred. The LA was twice as high in the "high LA" group (III) as in the "low LA" group (II) during the @entity0 period. The extent of injury was evaluated after 24 hr of reperfusion by measuring @entity2 and CP content, and contractile force and by light microscopy. No or minor cell damage was found in group I. In group III--high LA--no recovery was obtained in any of the variables used for evaluation. In group II--Low LA--there was a certain recovery. @entity2 and CP increased to about 35% and contractile force to 25% of control. Morphologically about 20% of the muscle cells appeared to be unaffected by the @entity0 insult. It is concluded that reduction of the glycogen available for @entity2 resynthesis during the @entity0 period drastically reduces the ability of skeletal muscle to withstand prolonged @entity0 . A high LA load seems to amplify the deleterious effects of a low initial substrate level.

title: Influence of tissue @entity3 and @entity2 levels on postischemic recovery in XXXX skeletal muscle.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effect of energy substrate depletion and of high @entity3 (LA) load on the development of irreversible cell injury was evaluated in the lateral gastrocnemius muscle of @entity1 subjected to 4 hr of tourniquet hindlimb @entity0 . Three groups of animals were studied. Group I, high @entity2 - @entity0 , these animals were subjected to 4 hr of @entity0 ; group II, low @entity2 --low LA @entity0 , in this group the gastrocnemius muscle was electrically stimulated for 5 min during @entity0 conditions to reduce the glycogen store, a short reperfusion period was allowed after the stimulation in order to wash out the built up LA, and the muscle was then subjected to 4 hr of @entity0 ; group III, low @entity2 --high LA @entity0 , in this group glycogen was depleted as in group II, but no reperfusion period was allowed before the 4 hr period of @entity0 . In group I, @entity2 levels were well preserved during the @entity0 period, whereas in the substrate-deprived groups (II and III) a rapid depletion of @entity2 and @entity4 (CP) occurred. The LA was twice as high in the "high LA" group (III) as in the "low LA" group (II) during the @entity0 period. The extent of injury was evaluated after 24 hr of reperfusion by measuring @entity2 and CP content, and contractile force and by light microscopy. No or minor cell damage was found in group I. In group III--high LA--no recovery was obtained in any of the variables used for evaluation. In group II--Low LA--there was a certain recovery. @entity2 and CP increased to about 35% and contractile force to 25% of control. Morphologically about 20% of the muscle cells appeared to be unaffected by the @entity0 insult. It is concluded that reduction of the glycogen available for @entity2 resynthesis during the @entity0 period drastically reduces the ability of skeletal muscle to withstand prolonged @entity0 . A high LA load seems to amplify the deleterious effects of a low initial substrate level.

title: Influence of tissue @entity3 and XXXX levels on postischemic recovery in @entity1 skeletal muscle.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effect of energy substrate depletion and of high @entity3 (LA) load on the development of irreversible cell injury was evaluated in the lateral gastrocnemius muscle of @entity1 subjected to 4 hr of tourniquet hindlimb @entity0 . Three groups of animals were studied. Group I, high @entity2 - @entity0 , these animals were subjected to 4 hr of @entity0 ; group II, low @entity2 --low LA @entity0 , in this group the gastrocnemius muscle was electrically stimulated for 5 min during @entity0 conditions to reduce the glycogen store, a short reperfusion period was allowed after the stimulation in order to wash out the built up LA, and the muscle was then subjected to 4 hr of @entity0 ; group III, low @entity2 --high LA @entity0 , in this group glycogen was depleted as in group II, but no reperfusion period was allowed before the 4 hr period of @entity0 . In group I, @entity2 levels were well preserved during the @entity0 period, whereas in the substrate-deprived groups (II and III) a rapid depletion of @entity2 and @entity4 (CP) occurred. The LA was twice as high in the "high LA" group (III) as in the "low LA" group (II) during the @entity0 period. The extent of injury was evaluated after 24 hr of reperfusion by measuring @entity2 and CP content, and contractile force and by light microscopy. No or minor cell damage was found in group I. In group III--high LA--no recovery was obtained in any of the variables used for evaluation. In group II--Low LA--there was a certain recovery. @entity2 and CP increased to about 35% and contractile force to 25% of control. Morphologically about 20% of the muscle cells appeared to be unaffected by the @entity0 insult. It is concluded that reduction of the glycogen available for @entity2 resynthesis during the @entity0 period drastically reduces the ability of skeletal muscle to withstand prolonged @entity0 . A high LA load seems to amplify the deleterious effects of a low initial substrate level.

title: Influence of tissue XXXX and @entity2 levels on postischemic recovery in @entity1 skeletal muscle.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity0 with @entity7 are not able to detect volatile chemicals signaling the presence of infectious and non-infectious environmental hazards, which typically elicit disgust and fear, respectively. Social animals may compensate a loss of olfaction by taking advantage of signals of threat that are produced by their conspecifics. Among @entity0 and other primates, body postures and facial expressions are powerful cues conveying emotional information, including fear and disgust. The aim of the present study was to examine whether @entity0 with agenesis of the olfactory bulb, a @entity5 characterized by @entity8 , would be more accurate in recognizing facial expressions of fear and disgust. A total of 90 @entity0 with no history of @entity2 or @entity1 were recruited, including 17 @entity0 with @entity8 (10 @entity0 , mean age  standard deviation: 36.5  14.8 years), 34 @entity0 with acquired @entity7 (18 @entity0 , mean age  standard deviation: 57.2  11.8 years) and 39 healthy subjects (22 @entity0 , mean age  standard deviation: 36.7  13.2 years). For each @entity0 with @entity8 , the agenesis of the olfactory bulb was ascertained through magnetic resonance imaging. Emotion recognition abilities were examined with a dynamic paradigm in which a morphing technique allowed displaying emotional facial expressions increasing in intensity over time. Adjusting for age, education, @entity4 and @entity3 , @entity0 with @entity8 required similar levels of intensity to correctly recognize fear and disgust than healthy subjects while they displayed @entity6 for both fear (mean difference [95% confidence interval]=-28.3% [-46.3%, -10.2%], P=0.003) and disgust (mean difference [95% confidence interval]=-15.8% [-31.5%, -0.2%], P=0.048). Furthermore, among @entity0 with acquired @entity7 , there was a negative correlation between duration of @entity7 and the rate of errors for fearful (Spearman's   =-0.531, P=0.001) or disgust (Spearman's   =-0.719, P<0.001) faces recognition. No significant difference was observed for the other primary emotions. Overall, these results suggest that @entity0 with @entity8 and long-lasting acquired @entity7 may compensate their inability to detect environmental hazards through olfaction by an increased ability to detect fear or disgust as facially expressed by others.

title: XXXX and emotion recognition: A case-control study.

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: The management of major @entity1 has shifted in the last decade in favor of a nonoperative approach. Our level 1 @entity2 center promotes this approach with the objective of renal function preservation. However, certain situations still require surgery. In this study we analyze predictors of surgery and long-term outcomes after conservative management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2004 to March 2015 we prospectively collected data from all @entity0 admitted to our institution for high grade blunt @entity1 (grades IV and V). Nonoperative management was considered successful when @entity0 did not undergo surgical exploration, regardless of angioembolization or endoscopic treatment. RESULTS: Of 306 @entity0 with @entity1 151 presented with major @entity2 , including 124 grade IV and 27 grade V. Nonoperative management was successful in 110 (89%) cases of grade IV and 14 (52%) cases of grade V lesions. Deceleration mechanism (p=0.03), associated lesions (p=0.001), percentage of devitalized parenchyma (p=0.012), angioembolization (p <0.001), @entity3 (p <0.001) and low hemoglobin (p=0.001) were more frequent in @entity0 treated surgically. On multivariate analysis grade (OR 7.36, p=0.01) and @entity3 (OR 4.18, p=0.04) were the only independent predictors of surgical treatment. Long-term followup of preserved kidneys revealed a remaining 40% and 0% relative renal function after grade IV and V @entity2 , respectively. Only devascularized parenchyma greater than 25% predicted the decline of long-term renal function. CONCLUSIONS: Nonoperative management can and should be performed safely in cases of grade IV @entity2 whenever possible, with valuable long-term renal function. It can also be initiated in grade V cases. However, surgeons should consider nephrectomy with the onset of any suspicious symptoms.

title: High Grade Blunt Renal XXXX : Predictors of Surgery and Long-Term Outcomes of Conservative Management. A Prospective Single Center Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: By means of the @entity4 in toto staining method retroperitoneal paraganglia and the peripheral autonomic nervous system in @entity0 fetuses have been investigated. Many small retroperitoneal paraganglia are present near the sympathetic trunks close to the sympathetic trunk @entity1 . In the thoracic region small paraganglia are present in the intercostal spaces. Small splanchnic nerves entering small paraganglia have been described. In the lower sacral region no paraganglia are present. The major splanchnic nerve arises at various levels from the sympathetic trunks as well as many @entity3 . Intermediate @entity1 are present in the major @entity2 and the communicating rami. In the sympathetic trunks many @entity1 are fused. In the @entity0 fetus there exists a large variability in number and diameter of the communicating rami. Interconnecting bundles of nerve fibers between the left and right sympathetic trunks are present at all levels, but most numerous at the sacral level.

title: Retroperitoneal paraganglia and the peripheral autonomic nervous system in the XXXX fetus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a six-week indoor hand-bike exercise program on fasting @entity3 and homeostasis model assessment of @entity3 resistance (HOMA-IR) levels and physical fitness in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). DESIGN: Randomized Controlled Trial. SETTING: National Rehabilitation Center (Outpatient). @entity0 : Fifteen @entity0 with @entity2 (exercise group: eight, control group: seven). INTERVENTIONS: This study involved 60-minute exercise sessions on an indoor hand-bike. @entity0 in the exercise group exercised three times per week for six weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Health parameters [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percent body fat, @entity3 level, and HOMA-IR level] and fitness outcomes [Peak @entity1 consumption (VO2 peak), shoulder abduction and adduction, shoulder flexion and extension, elbow flexion and extension]. RESULTS: Participation in a six-week exercise program using an indoor hand-bike significantly decreased BMI (baseline: 22.0  3.7 m/kg(2) vs. post-intervention: 21.7  3.5 m/kg(2), p=0.028), fasting @entity3 (baseline: 5.4  2.9  U/ml vs. post-intervention: 3.4  1.5  U/ml, p=0.036), and HOMA-IR (baseline: 1.0  0.6 vs. post-intervention: 0.6  0.3, p=0.030) levels compared to those in the control group. Furthermore, this training program significantly increased VO2 peak and strength in shoulder abduction, adduction, flexion and extension, and elbow flexion and extension compared to those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise using an indoor hand-bike appears to be an effective modality to improve body composition, fasting @entity3 and HOMA-IR levels, and fitness in @entity0 with a @entity2 .

title: Effects of a Six-week Indoor Hand-bike Exercise Program on Health and Fitness Levels in @entity0 with XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Trial Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of a six-week indoor hand-bike exercise program on fasting @entity3 and homeostasis model assessment of @entity3 resistance (HOMA-IR) levels and physical fitness in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). DESIGN: Randomized Controlled Trial. SETTING: National Rehabilitation Center (Outpatient). @entity0 : Fifteen @entity0 with @entity2 (exercise group: eight, control group: seven). INTERVENTIONS: This study involved 60-minute exercise sessions on an indoor hand-bike. @entity0 in the exercise group exercised three times per week for six weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Health parameters [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percent body fat, @entity3 level, and HOMA-IR level] and fitness outcomes [Peak @entity1 consumption (VO2 peak), shoulder abduction and adduction, shoulder flexion and extension, elbow flexion and extension]. RESULTS: Participation in a six-week exercise program using an indoor hand-bike significantly decreased BMI (baseline: 22.0  3.7 m/kg(2) vs. post-intervention: 21.7  3.5 m/kg(2), p=0.028), fasting @entity3 (baseline: 5.4  2.9  U/ml vs. post-intervention: 3.4  1.5  U/ml, p=0.036), and HOMA-IR (baseline: 1.0  0.6 vs. post-intervention: 0.6  0.3, p=0.030) levels compared to those in the control group. Furthermore, this training program significantly increased VO2 peak and strength in shoulder abduction, adduction, flexion and extension, and elbow flexion and extension compared to those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise using an indoor hand-bike appears to be an effective modality to improve body composition, fasting @entity3 and HOMA-IR levels, and fitness in @entity0 with a @entity2 .

title: Effects of a Six-week Indoor Hand-bike Exercise Program on Health and Fitness Levels in XXXX with @entity2 : A Randomized Controlled Trial Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of @entity0 with a sacral @entity2 and the surgical management of locally recurrent disease. Between October 1990 and August 2013 we operated on 54 consecutive @entity0 with a sacral @entity2 . There were 34 @entity0 and 20 @entity0 with a mean age of 60 years (25 to 86). The mean maximum diameter of the @entity1 was 9.3 cm (3 to 20). The mean follow-up was 7.8 years (2 months to 23.4 years). The disease-specific survival was 82% at five years, 57% at ten years and 45% at 15 years. The local recurrence-free survival was 49% at five years, 37% at ten years and 20% at 15 years. Local recurrence occurred in 30 @entity0 (56%) at a mean of 3.8 years (3 months to 13 years) post-operatively. Survival after the treatment of recurrence was 89% at two years, 56% at five years and 19% at ten years. Of nine @entity0 who had complete resection of a recurrence, one died after 72 months and eight remain disease-free. Incomplete resection of recurrent disease resulted in a survival of 54% at two years and 36% at five years. For 12 @entity0 with a local recurrence who were treated palliatively, survival was 81% at two years and 31% at five years. A wide margin of resection gave the best chance of long-term survival and complete resection of local recurrence the best chance of control of disease.

title: Can local recurrence of a sacral XXXX be treated by further surgery?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a well-developed theory-based function-focused care for cognitively impaired (FFC-CI) intervention on eating performance among long-term care (LTC) residents with moderate-to-severe @entity1 . DESIGN: A secondary analysis of longitudinal data from 2 cluster-randomized controlled trials that originally tested the impact of FFC-CI on all function and physical activities. @entity0 AND SETTING: @entity0 were 199 residents with moderate-to-severe @entity1 from 4 nursing homes and 4 assisted living facilities. MEASUREMENTS: Data at baseline, and 3 and 6  months were used. Resident outcome data used in this analysis included eating performance conceptualized using the single self-care "feeding" item in the Barthel Index, cognitive function by Mini-Mental State Examination, sitting balance conceptualized using the single "chair sit-sitting balance" item in the Tinetti Gait and Balance scale, physical capability by Physical Capability Scale, @entity3 by Cornell Scale for @entity3 in @entity2 , and @entity4 by Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (short form). RESULTS: At baseline, almost one-third (32.2%) of the 199 residents needed help with eating. There was no significant change with regard to eating performance over time in both groups, and no significant treatment by time difference between groups in eating performance (P  =  .195). CONCLUSION: Current findings support a need to revise the FFC-CI to better address eating performance. Future work may benefit from a stronger focus on eating performance rather than the more commonly addressed functional tasks, such as bathing, dressing, and ambulation. In addition, the inclusion of a more heterogeneous group of LTC residents with regard to eating performance is needed to test the impact of the revised approach on eating performance.

title: Optimizing Eating Performance for Long-Term Care Residents With XXXX : Testing the Impact of Function-Focused Care for Cognitively Impaired.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 delivered by cesarean are a unique subset of postoperative @entity0 with possible complications that include postpartum @entity3 and @entity1 . A potential nonpharmacologic way to reduce these complications is with an abdominal binder: a soft, elastic band that can provide circumferential compression on the wound. METHODS: @entity0 scheduled for cesarean delivery were randomized to receive a binder or to a control group (no binder). @entity1 levels were reported by questionnaire 1 day after surgery using a 0-10 scale. @entity0 characteristics and @entity2 were assessed by medical record review. An intention-to-treat analysis was conducted despite the fact that four @entity0 in the control group received a binder. RESULTS: Of the 56 @entity0 completing the study, 29 (51.8%) were randomized to the binder group and 27 (48.2%) were randomized to the control group. Indications for cesarean delivery were previous cesarean delivery (n=50, 89.3%) or breech presentation (n=6, 10.7%). Most @entity0 received an epidural (n=55, 98.2%). There was no difference in body mass index, age, previous surgery, neonatal birth weight, or estimated @entity2 between randomization groups. @entity1 score (1.66 compared with 2.56 for the binder and control groups, respectively, P=.019) and average @entity1 score (3.45 compared with 4.48 for the binder and control groups, respectively, P=.024) were significantly lower in the treatment group. There was no difference in preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels by treatment group. CONCLUSION: Abdominal binders improved @entity1 scores but did not affect postoperative @entity3 . As a result of the small sample size, further confirmation of these outcomes is desirable.

title: Do Elastic Abdominal Binders Reduce Postoperative Pain and XXXX ?: A Randomized Controlled Trial [146].

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Group B @entity3 ( @entity3 , @entity2 ) has been a recognized cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality since the 1970s. Antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines have been established by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (the College) to reduce early onset of @entity2 . However, adherence to the established guidelines in some instances may be suboptimal. @entity0 in active labor or those having ruptured membranes before unscheduled cesarean delivery may not receive recommended prophylactic antibiotics. METHODS: A retrospective, consecutive medical record review of @entity2 -positive @entity0 at term gestation who delivered by unscheduled cesarean delivery between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, was conducted. Records were eligible for review if @entity0 were 37-39 weeks of gestation at the time of unscheduled primary or repeat cesarean delivery, @entity2 culture-positive status, and either had spontaneous rupture of membranes or active labor before cesarean delivery. Compliance was determined based on evidence of appropriate antibiotics for @entity2 (taking @entity1 into consideration) according to College guidelines. RESULTS: Of 115 cases reviewed, 83 (72.2%) cases were primary and 32 (27.8%) were repeat cesarean delivery. At delivery, @entity0 averaged 38 1/7 weeks of gestation. Thirty-five cases (30.4%) were considered noncompliant with College guidelines for @entity2 . Of those noncompliant, 28 instances (80%) were because no antibiotics were given for @entity2 and seven @entity0 (20%) received inappropriate antibiotics. CONCLUSION: Adherence to College @entity2 prophylaxis guidelines is inadequate before unscheduled cesarean delivery, and additional interventions, education, and training are needed to improve compliance.

title: Compliance With Guidelines on Group B XXXX Sepsis Prophylaxis Among @entity0 Requiring Unscheduled Cesarean Delivery [147].

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Group B @entity3 ( @entity3 , @entity2 ) has been a recognized cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality since the 1970s. Antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines have been established by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (the College) to reduce early onset of @entity2 . However, adherence to the established guidelines in some instances may be suboptimal. @entity0 in active labor or those having ruptured membranes before unscheduled cesarean delivery may not receive recommended prophylactic antibiotics. METHODS: A retrospective, consecutive medical record review of @entity2 -positive @entity0 at term gestation who delivered by unscheduled cesarean delivery between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, was conducted. Records were eligible for review if @entity0 were 37-39 weeks of gestation at the time of unscheduled primary or repeat cesarean delivery, @entity2 culture-positive status, and either had spontaneous rupture of membranes or active labor before cesarean delivery. Compliance was determined based on evidence of appropriate antibiotics for @entity2 (taking @entity1 into consideration) according to College guidelines. RESULTS: Of 115 cases reviewed, 83 (72.2%) cases were primary and 32 (27.8%) were repeat cesarean delivery. At delivery, @entity0 averaged 38 1/7 weeks of gestation. Thirty-five cases (30.4%) were considered noncompliant with College guidelines for @entity2 . Of those noncompliant, 28 instances (80%) were because no antibiotics were given for @entity2 and seven @entity0 (20%) received inappropriate antibiotics. CONCLUSION: Adherence to College @entity2 prophylaxis guidelines is inadequate before unscheduled cesarean delivery, and additional interventions, education, and training are needed to improve compliance.

title: Compliance With Guidelines on Group B @entity3 Sepsis Prophylaxis Among XXXX Requiring Unscheduled Cesarean Delivery [147].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Coexistence of @entity2 and @entity4 may be encountered in clinical practice. Theoretical increase in aneurysmal blood flow may increase risk of @entity4 is treated first. If @entity3 coiling is performed first, @entity1 risk may increase while repeatedly crossing the diseased artery. It is controversial which disease to treat first, and whether it is safe to treat both simultaneously via endovascular procedures. We document the safety and feasibility of such an approach. Review of collected neurointerventional database at our institution was performed for @entity0 who underwent both carotid artery stenting (CAS) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) simultaneously. All @entity0 underwent carotid stenting followed by @entity3 coiling in the same setting. Demographic, clinical data, and outcome measures including success rate and periprocedural complications were collected. Five hundred and ninety @entity3 coiling were screened for @entity0 who underwent combined CAS and @entity3 . Ten @entity0 were identified. Mean age was 67.7   years (range 51-89). The success rate for stenting and coiling was 100% with no immediate complications. The coiling procedure time was extended by an average of 45   min for performing both procedures jointly. No @entity1 , TIAs, or aneurysmal rebleeding was found on their most recent follow up. Our case series demonstrates that it is safe and feasible to perform CAS and @entity3 simultaneously as one procedure which may avoid unwanted risk of treating either disease at two separate time sessions.

title: Safety and feasibility of simultaneous ipsilateral proximal carotid artery stenting and XXXX coiling.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 and @entity3 account for most @entity0 in developing countries. Prompt treatment saves lives, but rapid deterioration often prevents the use of oral therapies; delays in reaching health facilities providing parenteral interventions are common. Rapidly and reliably absorbed antimalarial/antibacterial rectal formulations used in the community could prevent @entity0 and disabilities. Rectal antimalarial treatments are currently available; rectal antibacterial treatments are yet to be developed. Assessment of the likely cost-effectiveness of these interventions will inform research priorities and implementation. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The burden of @entity2 and @entity3 worldwide and in Sub-Saharan and Southern Africa (SSA) and South and South-East Asia (SEA) was summarised using published data. The additional healthcare costs (US ) per @entity0 and per Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) avoided following pre-referral treatment of severe @entity1 with rectal antimalarials, antibacterials or combined antimalarial/antibacterials in populations at @entity2 risk in SSA/SEA were assessed. 46 million severe @entity2 and @entity3 and 5 million @entity0 occur worldwide each year, mostly in SSA/SEA. At annual delivery costs of  0.02/capita and 100% coverage, rectal antimalarials ( 2 per dose) would avert 240,000 @entity0 in SSA and 7,000 @entity0 in SEA at  5 and  177 per DALY avoided, respectively; rectal antibacterials ( 2 per dose) would avert 130,000 @entity0 in SSA and 27,000 @entity0 in SEA at  19 and  97 per DALY avoided, respectively. Combined rectal formulations ( 2.50 per dose) would avert 370,000 @entity0 in SSA and 33,000 @entity0 in SEA at  8 and  79 per DALY avoided, respectively, and are a cost-effective alternative to rectal antimalarials or antibacterials alone. CONCLUSIONS: Antimalarial, antibacterial and combined rectal formulations are likely to be cost-effective interventions for severe @entity1 in the community. Attention should focus on developing effective rectal antibacterials and ensuring that these lifesaving treatments are used in a cost-effective manner.

title: Cost-effectiveness of pre-referral antimalarial, antibacterial, and combined rectal formulations for severe XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity3 , a rare and aggressive @entity6 , is difficult to diagnose because of a lack of specific clinical features. The clinical and radiological features of @entity0 with histologically confirmed @entity3 were examined. METHODS: Among 2,336 @entity0 diagnosed with primary @entity2 at Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center (Daegu, Korea) between May 2002 and February 2012, eight (0.03%) with histologically confirmed primary @entity3 were included. The patterns of disease diagnosis, @entity1 characteristics, treatment responses, and prognoses were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Median age was 66 years-old (range, 41-80 years). Four @entity0 were male. Five @entity0 were compulsive drinkers. All @entity0 had no HBsAg and anti-HCV. Initial radiologic diagnoses revealed primary @entity3 (n=2), @entity4 (n=2), @entity7 (n=2), and hepatic @entity5 (n=2). Definitive diagnoses were made by percutaneous needle biopsies in seven @entity0 and surgical resection in one @entity0 . At the time of the initial diagnosis, extrahepatic metastases were detected in three @entity0 (37.5%). Metastatic sites included the spleen and lung, pericardium, and bone, in one @entity0 each. Two @entity0 underwent conservative treatments. The remaining @entity0 underwent surgical resection (n=1), transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (n=1), and systemic chemotherapy (n=4). The median survival period was 214 days (range, 21-431 days). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a highly progressive disease with a poor prognosis. Detailed studies including histological examinations are essential to facilitate early diagnosis of the disease.

title: Clinical courses of primary XXXX : retrospective analysis of eight cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The treatment of choice for @entity7 ( @entity7 ) has not yet been established. There are limited data on the use of @entity5 ( @entity6 ) in the treatment of @entity7 . Herein, we investigated the role of @entity6 in the treatment of @entity7 @entity0 . METHODS: We present four new cases of @entity7 treated with @entity6 and a review of the English language literature concerning the use of @entity6 in the treatment of @entity7 . RESULTS: We prospectively investigated the clinicopathological features of four female @entity0 (aged 28-37 years) who were multiparous and had used oral contraceptives. The @entity0 were administered 7.5-15 mg @entity6 over 2-6 months. No recurrence was detected during the follow-up period of 4-8 months. In five published studies on @entity6 use in @entity7 , data were available for 12 @entity0 aged 21-40 years. In nine @entity0 , treatment was changed to @entity6 because of a lack of response to @entity4 , recurrence or @entity2 -induced @entity1 . @entity4 were used in combination with @entity6 as an initial treatment choice in three @entity0 . Satisfactory results were achieved in ten @entity0 treated with @entity6 , and only two demonstrated recurrence despite the treatment and underwent mastectomy. CONCLUSION: @entity6 in the present cases of @entity7 was effective, prevented complications and limited @entity3 side effects.

title: Is XXXX an acceptable treatment in the management of @entity7 ?

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The treatment of choice for @entity7 ( @entity7 ) has not yet been established. There are limited data on the use of @entity5 ( @entity6 ) in the treatment of @entity7 . Herein, we investigated the role of @entity6 in the treatment of @entity7 @entity0 . METHODS: We present four new cases of @entity7 treated with @entity6 and a review of the English language literature concerning the use of @entity6 in the treatment of @entity7 . RESULTS: We prospectively investigated the clinicopathological features of four female @entity0 (aged 28-37 years) who were multiparous and had used oral contraceptives. The @entity0 were administered 7.5-15 mg @entity6 over 2-6 months. No recurrence was detected during the follow-up period of 4-8 months. In five published studies on @entity6 use in @entity7 , data were available for 12 @entity0 aged 21-40 years. In nine @entity0 , treatment was changed to @entity6 because of a lack of response to @entity4 , recurrence or @entity2 -induced @entity1 . @entity4 were used in combination with @entity6 as an initial treatment choice in three @entity0 . Satisfactory results were achieved in ten @entity0 treated with @entity6 , and only two demonstrated recurrence despite the treatment and underwent mastectomy. CONCLUSION: @entity6 in the present cases of @entity7 was effective, prevented complications and limited @entity3 side effects.

title: Is @entity5 an acceptable treatment in the management of XXXX ?

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the clinical outcomes of intravitreal aflibercept therapy in eyes with refractory and recurrent neovascular @entity2 ( @entity2 ) switched from intravitreal bevacizumab or ranibizumab. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of eyes with @entity2 switched to intravitreal aflibercept with at least 1 year of follow-up after the switch. All @entity0 had had a minimum of 3 injections of bevacizumab or ranibizumab before the switch. Aflibercept was used in @entity0 considered refractory to bevacizumab (group 1) and in recurrent @entity0 on therapy with ranibizumab due to an institutional policy decision (group 2). Changes in best-corrected visual acuity, fluid on optical coherence tomography (OCT), central retinal thickness (CRT) and the frequency of injections were compared. RESULTS: Eighty-five eyes of 69 @entity0 were analyzed, 39 eyes in group 1 and 46 in group 2. The mean follow-up time was 31.6 months prior to the switch and 14.7 months on treatment with aflibercept. One year after the switch, there was a nonsignificant mean decrease of 2 letters in visual acuity in both groups (group 1: from 58.2 to 55.8 letters, p = 0.086; group 2: from 56.4 to 54.5 letters, p = 0.168), but the mean number of injections per month was significantly lower (from 0.76 to 0.57, p < 0.001). With the switch, 90.6% of the @entity0 showed anatomic improvement with a reduction of fluid on OCT, and both groups presented significant improvement in CRT (group 1: 65.3   m, p = 0.051; group 2: 91.0   m, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Aflibercept appears to be a valuable tool for the management of @entity0 with poor responses to other anti- @entity1 drugs. These @entity0 could have anatomic improvement, and the injection intervals could be extended.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Switch to Aflibercept in the Treatment of Neovascular XXXX : One-Year Results in Clinical Practice.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Reported mechanical properties of orbital connective tissue and fat have been too sparse to model strain-stress relationships underlying biomechanical interactions in strabismus. We performed rheological tests to develop a multi-mode @entity1 ( @entity1 ) model of these tissues under shear loading. From 20 fresh @entity0 orbits, 30 samples of connective tissue were taken from rectus pulley regions and 30 samples of fatty tissues from the posterior orbit. Additional samples were defatted to determine connective tissue weight proportion, which was verified histologically. Mechanical testing in shear employed a triborheometer to perform: strain sweeps at 0.5-2.0  Hz; shear stress relaxation with 1% strain; viscometry at 0.01-0.5  s(-1) strain rate; and shear oscillation at 1% strain. Average connective tissue weight proportion was 98% for predominantly connective tissue and 76% for fatty tissue. Connective tissue specimens reached a long-term relaxation modulus of 668  Pa after 1,500  s, while corresponding values for fatty tissue specimens were 290  Pa and 1,100  s. Shear stress magnitude for connective tissue exceeded that of fatty tissue by five-fold. Based on these data, we developed a multi-mode @entity1 model with variable viscosities and time constants, and a damped hyperelastic response that accurately described measured properties of both connective and fatty tissues. Model parameters differed significantly between the two tissues. Viscoelastic properties of predominantly connective orbital tissues under shear loading differ markedly from properties of orbital fat, but both are accurately reflected using @entity1 models. These viscoelastic models will facilitate realistic global modeling of EOM behavior in binocular alignment and strabismus.

title: Viscoelastic properties of XXXX orbital connective tissue and fat: constitutive models.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The most well-known cause of chemotherapy-induced @entity2 is @entity1 ( @entity3 ). The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the main cellular machinery for protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. However, the expression pattern of the UPS in @entity3 -induced @entity2 remains unclear. C57BL/6 @entity0 were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of @entity3 (15mg/kg). After 1, 3 and 5 days, cardiac function and apoptosis were detected with echocardiography and TUNEL assay. Microarray assay and qPCR analysis were also performed at day 5. We found that @entity3 caused a significant decrease in cardiac function at day 5 and increase in cardiomyocyte apoptosis at days 3 and 5. Microarray data revealed that totally 1185 genes were significantly regulated in @entity3 -treated heart, and genes involved in apoptosis and the UPS were mostly altered. Among them, the expression of 3 immunoproteasome catalytic subunits (b1i, b2i and b5i) was markedly down-regulated. Moreover, @entity3 significantly decreased proteasome activities and enhanced polyubiquitinated proteins in the heart. Importantly, overexpression of immunoproteasome catalytic subunits (b1i, b2i or b5i) significantly attenuated @entity3 -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and other UPS gene expression while knockdown of them significantly increased @entity3 -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. These effects were partially associated with increased degradation of multiple pro-apoptotic proteins. In conclusion, our studies suggest that immunoproteasome plays an important role in @entity3 -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and may be a novel therapeutic target for prevention of @entity3 -induced @entity2 .

title: Gene expression profiling identifies the novel role of immunoproteasome in @entity1 -induced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The most well-known cause of chemotherapy-induced @entity2 is @entity1 ( @entity3 ). The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the main cellular machinery for protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. However, the expression pattern of the UPS in @entity3 -induced @entity2 remains unclear. C57BL/6 @entity0 were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of @entity3 (15mg/kg). After 1, 3 and 5 days, cardiac function and apoptosis were detected with echocardiography and TUNEL assay. Microarray assay and qPCR analysis were also performed at day 5. We found that @entity3 caused a significant decrease in cardiac function at day 5 and increase in cardiomyocyte apoptosis at days 3 and 5. Microarray data revealed that totally 1185 genes were significantly regulated in @entity3 -treated heart, and genes involved in apoptosis and the UPS were mostly altered. Among them, the expression of 3 immunoproteasome catalytic subunits (b1i, b2i and b5i) was markedly down-regulated. Moreover, @entity3 significantly decreased proteasome activities and enhanced polyubiquitinated proteins in the heart. Importantly, overexpression of immunoproteasome catalytic subunits (b1i, b2i or b5i) significantly attenuated @entity3 -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and other UPS gene expression while knockdown of them significantly increased @entity3 -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. These effects were partially associated with increased degradation of multiple pro-apoptotic proteins. In conclusion, our studies suggest that immunoproteasome plays an important role in @entity3 -induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and may be a novel therapeutic target for prevention of @entity3 -induced @entity2 .

title: Gene expression profiling identifies the novel role of immunoproteasome in XXXX -induced @entity2 .

answer: @entity1