abstract: BACKGROUND: Either enucleation or more extended resection is performed to treat @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Aim was to analyze the postoperative complications for each operation separately. Furthermore, independent risk factors for complications and incidence of @entity5 were analyzed. METHODS: Retrospective all resected @entity0 from two academic hospitals in The Netherlands between 1992 and 2013 were included. @entity3 were scored by both ISGPS and Clavien-Dindo criteria. Based on @entity2 location, operations were compared. Independent risk factors for overall complications were identified. During long-term follow-up, @entity5 and recurrent disease were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity2 enucleation was performed in 60/205 @entity0 (29  %), pancreatoduodenectomy in 65/205 (31  %), distal pancreatectomy in 72/205 (35  %) and central pancreatectomy in 8/205 (4  %) @entity0 . Overall complications after @entity2 enucleation of the pancreatic head and pancreatoduodenectomy were comparable, 24/35 (69  %) versus 52/65 (80  %). The same was found after @entity2 enucleation and resection of the pancreatic tail (36 vs.58  %). Number of re-interventions and readmissions were comparable between all operations. After pancreatoduodenectomy, 33/65 @entity0 had lymph node @entity1 and in @entity0 with @entity2 size  <=2  cm, 55  % had lymph node @entity1 . @entity2 in the head and BMI >= 25  kg/m(2) were independent risk factors for complications after enucleation. During follow-up, incidence of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency was significant higher after pancreatoduodenectomy (resp. 55 and 19  %) compared to the @entity2 enucleation and distal pancreatectomy(resp. 5 and 7  % vs.8 and 13  %). After @entity2 enucleation 19  % developed recurrent disease. CONCLUSION: Since the complication rate, need for re-interventions and readmissions were comparable for all resections, @entity2 enucleation may be regarded as high risk. Appropriate operation should be based on @entity2 size, location, and functional status of the @entity4 .

title: Postoperative Outcomes of Enucleation and Standard Resections in XXXX with a @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a curable entity frequently encountered by neurosurgeons. The present study was conducted to explore expert opinion and common practice in Iran. Besides, a Review of randomized clinical trials in literature was performed. A questionnaire including six questions discussing major aspects of practice on @entity2 , with multiple choices was designed. A pilot study was performed for reliability analysis of the questionnaire. A total of 100 neurosurgeons were selected randomly from the members of Iranian Association of Neurological Surgeons. Frequency of answers to each item, differences in response rates and correlation of various categories were analyzed using Chi-square statistics. The mean duration of experience was 15.4    5 years, with a range of 10 to 37 years. The most common initial procedure of choice was @entity1 (64%). At recurrent cases, surgical approach was changed to craniotomy at one-third of those treated initially with @entity1 . The @entity0 believed that surgical technique was predictive of outcome and recurrence. Burr-hole without drainage was used by less expert neurosurgeons (mean 12.5    6), however, @entity1 was the dominant technique at more than 15 years of experience and craniectomy was used only by @entity0 with more than 30 years of experience (10%). Irrigation was used by most of the neurosurgeons (87.5%) in combination with drainage and @entity1 . The majority of @entity0 used flat position at the postoperative period. At the current study, the pattern of management for @entity2 was similar to other reports at literature suggesting the @entity1 and irrigation as optimal treatment. Individualized decision-making could be made at challenging cases.

title: The Optimal Surgical Approach for Treatment of XXXX : Questionnaire Assessment of Practice in Iran and Review of Literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Right paraesophageal lymph nodes (RPELNs) are located behind right recurrent laryngeal nerve which often ignored in central compartment lymph nodes (LNs) dissection of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for RPELN @entity1 and indications for RPELN dissection. METHODS: Medical record of 246 consecutive @entity4 @entity0 (194 female, 52 male), who underwent total thyroidectomy (244 @entity0 ) or right lobectomy (2 @entity0 ) with central compartment LN dissection (13 ipsilateral and 233 bilateral), were reviewed. The RPELNs were kept separately during the operation. The clinical pathology data was collected and analyzed. RESULTS: RPELN @entity1 was confirmed in 33 @entity0 (13.4%) and were discovered in 18.5% (31/168) of right lesion, 34.4% (31/90) of right central group LN (rCLN) @entity1 , 33.3% (18/54) of lateral compartment LN (LLN) @entity1 , 25.7% (9/35) of local recurrent @entity0 respectively. The ultrasound suspected metastatic LNs, @entity2 diameter, @entity2 number, @entity2 location, and numbers of metastatic Delphian LNs, central group LNs (CLNs), rCLNs, and LLNs between @entity0 with and without RPELN @entity1 showed significant differences in univariate analysis (P  <  0.05). In multivariate analysis, number of metastatic rCLNs (1-2: OR 13.6, 95% CI, 2.7-67.5;    3: OR39.4, 95% CI, 7.7-200.9), right side @entity2 (OR 6.4, 95% CI, 1.1-35.6), and three or more metastatic LLNs (OR 3.5, 95% CI, 1.2-10.2) were independent risk factors for RPELN @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 @entity0 with @entity3 , especially with potential rCLN @entity1 , are at considerable risk of RPELN @entity1 . RPELN dissection should be considered in these @entity0 .

title: Risk factors and indication for dissection of right paraesophageal lymph node XXXX in @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Right paraesophageal lymph nodes (RPELNs) are located behind right recurrent laryngeal nerve which often ignored in central compartment lymph nodes (LNs) dissection of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for RPELN @entity1 and indications for RPELN dissection. METHODS: Medical record of 246 consecutive @entity4 @entity0 (194 female, 52 male), who underwent total thyroidectomy (244 @entity0 ) or right lobectomy (2 @entity0 ) with central compartment LN dissection (13 ipsilateral and 233 bilateral), were reviewed. The RPELNs were kept separately during the operation. The clinical pathology data was collected and analyzed. RESULTS: RPELN @entity1 was confirmed in 33 @entity0 (13.4%) and were discovered in 18.5% (31/168) of right lesion, 34.4% (31/90) of right central group LN (rCLN) @entity1 , 33.3% (18/54) of lateral compartment LN (LLN) @entity1 , 25.7% (9/35) of local recurrent @entity0 respectively. The ultrasound suspected metastatic LNs, @entity2 diameter, @entity2 number, @entity2 location, and numbers of metastatic Delphian LNs, central group LNs (CLNs), rCLNs, and LLNs between @entity0 with and without RPELN @entity1 showed significant differences in univariate analysis (P  <  0.05). In multivariate analysis, number of metastatic rCLNs (1-2: OR 13.6, 95% CI, 2.7-67.5;    3: OR39.4, 95% CI, 7.7-200.9), right side @entity2 (OR 6.4, 95% CI, 1.1-35.6), and three or more metastatic LLNs (OR 3.5, 95% CI, 1.2-10.2) were independent risk factors for RPELN @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 @entity0 with @entity3 , especially with potential rCLN @entity1 , are at considerable risk of RPELN @entity1 . RPELN dissection should be considered in these @entity0 .

title: Risk factors and indication for dissection of right paraesophageal lymph node @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The effects of @entity4 on the incorporation of @entity2 into @entity3 have been studied for more than 40 years in many species and under varying exposure conditions. Nevertheless, the database for this drinking water contaminant is still incomplete, particularly with regard to @entity0 developmental risk. A method for integrating the available data and forming meaningful conclusions for risk assessment is needed. To this end, an initial suite of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models has been developed, which incorporates physiological data for the relevant species and life stages and kinetic data for @entity4 and @entity2 , as well as the interaction between the two anions. The validated models successfully describe @entity4 -induced inhibition of thyroid @entity2 uptake and @entity4 and @entity2 kinetics in the male, pregnant, lactating, fetal, and neonatal @entity1 and the adult @entity0 . The relationships of model-predicted internal dose metrics and kinetic parameters allow a direct comparison of internal dose metrics across life stages in @entity1 and @entity0 . By incorporating all the available data, these models provide a framework for species and life stage extrapolation where the lack of specific data sets would otherwise limit predictive capability. This paper demonstrates two approaches for calculating life stage-specific equivalent doses in a risk assessment for @entity4 : the direct combination of validated model predictions, and the development of preliminary PBPK models for the @entity0 -sensitive populations based on the relationship of the parameters in the validated @entity1 and @entity0 models. Either approach can be used to perform the needed dosimetry. However, the second approach provides the advantage of a preliminary @entity0 life stage-specific PBPK model that can be used for identification of key data gaps and estimation of uncertainty.

title: The use of physiologically based models to integrate diverse data sets and reduce uncertainty in the prediction of XXXX and @entity2 kinetics across life stages and species.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The effects of @entity4 on the incorporation of @entity2 into @entity3 have been studied for more than 40 years in many species and under varying exposure conditions. Nevertheless, the database for this drinking water contaminant is still incomplete, particularly with regard to @entity0 developmental risk. A method for integrating the available data and forming meaningful conclusions for risk assessment is needed. To this end, an initial suite of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models has been developed, which incorporates physiological data for the relevant species and life stages and kinetic data for @entity4 and @entity2 , as well as the interaction between the two anions. The validated models successfully describe @entity4 -induced inhibition of thyroid @entity2 uptake and @entity4 and @entity2 kinetics in the male, pregnant, lactating, fetal, and neonatal @entity1 and the adult @entity0 . The relationships of model-predicted internal dose metrics and kinetic parameters allow a direct comparison of internal dose metrics across life stages in @entity1 and @entity0 . By incorporating all the available data, these models provide a framework for species and life stage extrapolation where the lack of specific data sets would otherwise limit predictive capability. This paper demonstrates two approaches for calculating life stage-specific equivalent doses in a risk assessment for @entity4 : the direct combination of validated model predictions, and the development of preliminary PBPK models for the @entity0 -sensitive populations based on the relationship of the parameters in the validated @entity1 and @entity0 models. Either approach can be used to perform the needed dosimetry. However, the second approach provides the advantage of a preliminary @entity0 life stage-specific PBPK model that can be used for identification of key data gaps and estimation of uncertainty.

title: The use of physiologically based models to integrate diverse data sets and reduce uncertainty in the prediction of @entity4 and XXXX kinetics across life stages and species.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Raw sprouts have been implicated in a number of @entity3 outbreaks. Because contaminated seeds are usually responsible, many sprout producers attempt to disinfect seeds before germination and detect sprout contamination during production. In March 2001, we detected an increased number of Salmonella serotype Kottbus isolates in California. Overall, we identified 31 cases from three western states. To identify the cause, we conducted a case-control study with the first 10 identified case- @entity0 matched to 20 controls by age, sex, and residential area. Our case-control study found illness to be statistically associated with alfalfa sprout consumption. The traceback investigation implicated a single sprouter, where environmental studies yielded Salmonella Kottbus from ungerminated seeds and floor drains within the production facility. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of all @entity0 , seed, and @entity2 Kottbus isolates were indistinguishable. Most implicated sprouts were from seeds that underwent heat treatment and soaking with a 2,000-ppm @entity4 solution rather than the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended 20,000-ppm @entity1 hypochlorite soak. Other implicated seeds had been soaked in a @entity5 solution that, when tested, measured only 11,000 ppm. The outbreak might have been averted when screening tests of sprout irrigation water detected Salmonella in January; however, confirmatory testing of these samples was negative (but testing improperly utilized refrigerated irrigation water). Producers should use the enrichment broth of positive screening samples, not refrigerated irrigation water, for confirmatory testing. Until other effective disinfection technologies are developed, producers should adhere to FDA recommendations for sprout seed disinfection.

title: XXXX : a multistate outbreak following inadequate seed disinfection with heat and chlorine.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Levels of @entity3 were measured in 18 @entity0 , @entity0 ., entries from three parental isolines ('NC 95', 'SC 58', and 'Coker 139'), grown at Tifton, GA, Florence, SC, and Oxford, NC, in 1991. Levels of alkaloids in bud leaves (first fully unfolded leaf below the apical leaf bud) were negatively correlated to natural infestation ratings of @entity2 larvae, Heliothis virescens (F.), 7 wk after transplanting. For artificially infested bud leaves at Oxford, there was a significant negative correlation between levels of total alkaloids and larval weights after 1 wk of feeding. In 1992, four entries from the 'NC 95' @entity4 were grown at Oxford, and samples for alkaloid analyses were taken every 2 wk at several leaf positions on each plant. During weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16, second instar @entity2 were caged on individual, intact leaves inside perforated plastic bags in the field. The survival and development of @entity2 larvae after 1 wk were negatively correlated with levels of alkaloids at the various leaf positions. Larvae survived better and grew faster on the bud leaves of each entry where alkaloid levels were lower than they did on leaves further down the stalk where alkaloid levels were higher. More larvae survived on the lower leaves of the low alkaloid lines than on the lower leaves of the high alkaloid lines. Even moderate increases in @entity3 had negative effects on @entity2 survival and development. @entity1 constituted >97% of the @entity3 in the 'NC95' @entity4 each year.

title: Survival and development of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae on isogenic XXXX lines with different levels of alkaloids.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The present study compares acute and subchronic episodic exposures to @entity4 to test the applicability of the 'concentrationxtime' (CxT) product as a measure of exposure dose, and to relate acute @entity1 and adaptive responses to chronic @entity1 . @entity0 (male Fischer 344) were exposed (six hours/day) to air or 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 ppm of @entity4 one time or on a repeated regimen for up to 12 weeks as follows: 0.1 ppm (five days/week), 0.2 ppm (five days/week), 0.5 ppm (two days/week), or 1.0 ppm (one day/week) (note that the CxT for the three highest exposures was the same). Animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks during the exposure and after four weeks recovery. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed 18 hours after the last exposure for each time period and the BAL supernatant assayed for protein. Elevated BAL fluid protein was defined as 'acute injury', diminished response after repeated exposure was defined as 'adaptation', and increased lung @entity2 or trichrome staining for collagen was defined as ' @entity3 '. Results indicated that exposures that cause maximal @entity3 involve high exposure concentrations and longer times between exposures, not high CxT products. A conceptual model is presented that explains the lack of CxT correlation by the fact that adaptation reduces an 'injury-time integral' as @entity4 exposure is lengthened from acute to subchronic. At high exposure concentrations, the adaptive response appears to be overwhelmed, causing a continued injury-time integral, which appears to be related to appearance of @entity3 . The adaptive response is predicted to disappear if the time between exposures is lengthened, leading to a continued high injury-time integral and @entity3 . It has generally been assumed that long, continuous exposures of rodents is a conservative approach for detecting possible chronic effects. The present study suggests that such an approach my not be conservative, but might actually mask effects that could occur under intermittent exposure conditions.

title: An 'injury-time integral' model for extrapolating from acute to chronic effects of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity7 is a well-recognized side effect of @entity11 therapy. @entity12 is less common than @entity8 . @entity15 periodic @entity5 is one manifestation of @entity12 , and is more often seen in Oriental and Latin American @entity0 than in other demographic groups. This phenomenon, however, has not been previously described in @entity12 due to @entity11 usage. We describe a case of @entity11 -induced @entity12 in a 34-year-old @entity0 who presented with @entity3 , @entity10 , and @entity1 . Physical examination demonstrated fine @entity2 . Serum @entity6 level was 2.2 mEq/L on admission. Gastrointestinal and renal causes of @entity6 loss were excluded by history and physical examination. Further biochemical testing demonstrated @entity7 . The urinary @entity6 and serum @entity13 , @entity9 , and @entity4 levels were within normal limits. Lower extremity @entity3 resolved immediately after @entity6 replacement therapy. @entity14 therapy was initiated, and the @entity0 was clinically euthyroid on discharge.

title: XXXX -induced @entity12 presenting as @entity15 periodic @entity5 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: @entity7 is a well-recognized side effect of @entity11 therapy. @entity12 is less common than @entity8 . @entity15 periodic @entity5 is one manifestation of @entity12 , and is more often seen in Oriental and Latin American @entity0 than in other demographic groups. This phenomenon, however, has not been previously described in @entity12 due to @entity11 usage. We describe a case of @entity11 -induced @entity12 in a 34-year-old @entity0 who presented with @entity3 , @entity10 , and @entity1 . Physical examination demonstrated fine @entity2 . Serum @entity6 level was 2.2 mEq/L on admission. Gastrointestinal and renal causes of @entity6 loss were excluded by history and physical examination. Further biochemical testing demonstrated @entity7 . The urinary @entity6 and serum @entity13 , @entity9 , and @entity4 levels were within normal limits. Lower extremity @entity3 resolved immediately after @entity6 replacement therapy. @entity14 therapy was initiated, and the @entity0 was clinically euthyroid on discharge.

title: @entity11 -induced @entity12 presenting as @entity15 periodic XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity7 is a well-recognized side effect of @entity11 therapy. @entity12 is less common than @entity8 . @entity15 periodic @entity5 is one manifestation of @entity12 , and is more often seen in Oriental and Latin American @entity0 than in other demographic groups. This phenomenon, however, has not been previously described in @entity12 due to @entity11 usage. We describe a case of @entity11 -induced @entity12 in a 34-year-old @entity0 who presented with @entity3 , @entity10 , and @entity1 . Physical examination demonstrated fine @entity2 . Serum @entity6 level was 2.2 mEq/L on admission. Gastrointestinal and renal causes of @entity6 loss were excluded by history and physical examination. Further biochemical testing demonstrated @entity7 . The urinary @entity6 and serum @entity13 , @entity9 , and @entity4 levels were within normal limits. Lower extremity @entity3 resolved immediately after @entity6 replacement therapy. @entity14 therapy was initiated, and the @entity0 was clinically euthyroid on discharge.

title: @entity11 -induced XXXX presenting as @entity15 periodic @entity5 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: @entity7 is a well-recognized side effect of @entity11 therapy. @entity12 is less common than @entity8 . @entity15 periodic @entity5 is one manifestation of @entity12 , and is more often seen in Oriental and Latin American @entity0 than in other demographic groups. This phenomenon, however, has not been previously described in @entity12 due to @entity11 usage. We describe a case of @entity11 -induced @entity12 in a 34-year-old @entity0 who presented with @entity3 , @entity10 , and @entity1 . Physical examination demonstrated fine @entity2 . Serum @entity6 level was 2.2 mEq/L on admission. Gastrointestinal and renal causes of @entity6 loss were excluded by history and physical examination. Further biochemical testing demonstrated @entity7 . The urinary @entity6 and serum @entity13 , @entity9 , and @entity4 levels were within normal limits. Lower extremity @entity3 resolved immediately after @entity6 replacement therapy. @entity14 therapy was initiated, and the @entity0 was clinically euthyroid on discharge.

title: @entity11 -induced @entity12 presenting as XXXX periodic @entity5 .

answer: @entity15


abstract: PURPOSES: Routine smears of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens of supraclavicular lymph nodes with ultrasound (US) real-time guidance have proven useful in @entity1 staging, but the clinical value of additional information from cell-block of FNA samples has been little researched. This study mainly focused on the contribution of cell block analysis to the diagnosis and @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical data about 211 @entity1 @entity0 with supraclavicular lymph node enlargement admitted to ultrasonography in the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital and recommended a needle biopsy under US-guided, the adequacy of the specimens for preparing cell blocks was acquireded, and the additional immunohistochemistry or genetic information provided from cell block analysis was examined. RESULTS: In 211 @entity1 @entity0 referred for US-guided FNA (median age 61.8    10.0 years, range 30-88) 279 aspirations were performed. Conventional smears could be obtained from 185 aspirates (66.3%) and contained 176 (95.1%) diagnostic smears. Cell blocks could be obtained from 94 aspirates (33.7%) and contained diagnostic material in 88 (93.6%) aspirates. Above all, cell blocks also made epithelial growth factor receptor gene mutation analysis in 17 @entity0 with FNA samples, and the positive rate was 70.6%. Overall, cell blocks provided clinically significant information for 51 of the 211 @entity0 participating in the study (24.2%). CONCLUSION: Cell-block samples from US-guided FNA is a promising, relatively noninvasive technique to provide additional information in @entity1 diagnosis. Analysis of cell blocks allows for genetic analysis of the @entity0 with supraclavicular lymph nodes @entity2 .

title: Contribution of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cell blocks of metastatic supraclavicular lymph nodes to the diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity9 is an uncommon, potentially @entity1 . Between 1998 and 2000, two @entity0 with @entity9 presented at the Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore. Both @entity0 were in the thirty-sixth week of pregnancy. @entity7 and @entity2 were the predominant symptoms. Both the mothers died after they delivered a stillborn @entity0 each. The maternal deaths were due to @entity3 and/or postpartum @entity6 and @entity4 . The route of delivery was vaginal in both the @entity0 . Extrahepatic and metabolic complications in both cases Included @entity3 , @entity4 , hypoglycaemia, @entity8 and @entity5 . Liver biopsy done in both @entity0 was consistent with the diagnosis of @entity9 . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report from India on @entity9 .

title: XXXX : a report of two cases.

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: While genetic predisposition is a major factor, it is not known how development of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is modulated by early life stress. The spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 (SHR) displays the behavioral characteristics of @entity1 (poorly sustained attention, impulsivity, @entity6 ) and is the most widely studied genetic model of @entity1 . We have previously shown that SHR have disturbances in the noradrenergic system and that the early life stress of maternal separation failed to produce @entity3 -like behavior in SHR, contrary to control Sprague-Dawley and @entity0 -Kyoto (WKY) who showed typical @entity3 -like behavior in later life. In the present study we investigated the effect of maternal separation on approach behavior (response to a novel object in a familiar environment) in preadolescent SHR and WKY. We also investigated whether maternal separation altered GABAA and @entity8 receptor-mediated regulation of @entity4 release in preadolescent SHR and WKY hippocampus. We found that female SHR, similar to male SHR, exhibited greater exploratory activity than WKY. Maternal separation significantly increased GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition of @entity7 -stimulated release of @entity4 in male and female SHR hippocampus but had no significant effect in WKY. Maternal separation had opposite effects on @entity8 receptor-mediated inhibition of @entity4 release in SHR and WKY hippocampus, as it increased inhibition of both @entity7 -stimulated and depolarization-evoked release in SHR hippocampus but not in WKY. The results of the present study show that noradrenergic function is similarly altered by the early life stress of maternal separation in male and female SHR, while @entity5 - and @entity7 -regulation of @entity4 release remained unaffected by maternal separation in the control, WKY, @entity0 . This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Noradrenergic System.

title: Genetically determined differences in noradrenergic function: The spontaneously XXXX @entity0 model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: While genetic predisposition is a major factor, it is not known how development of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is modulated by early life stress. The spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 (SHR) displays the behavioral characteristics of @entity1 (poorly sustained attention, impulsivity, @entity6 ) and is the most widely studied genetic model of @entity1 . We have previously shown that SHR have disturbances in the noradrenergic system and that the early life stress of maternal separation failed to produce @entity3 -like behavior in SHR, contrary to control Sprague-Dawley and @entity0 -Kyoto (WKY) who showed typical @entity3 -like behavior in later life. In the present study we investigated the effect of maternal separation on approach behavior (response to a novel object in a familiar environment) in preadolescent SHR and WKY. We also investigated whether maternal separation altered GABAA and @entity8 receptor-mediated regulation of @entity4 release in preadolescent SHR and WKY hippocampus. We found that female SHR, similar to male SHR, exhibited greater exploratory activity than WKY. Maternal separation significantly increased GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition of @entity7 -stimulated release of @entity4 in male and female SHR hippocampus but had no significant effect in WKY. Maternal separation had opposite effects on @entity8 receptor-mediated inhibition of @entity4 release in SHR and WKY hippocampus, as it increased inhibition of both @entity7 -stimulated and depolarization-evoked release in SHR hippocampus but not in WKY. The results of the present study show that noradrenergic function is similarly altered by the early life stress of maternal separation in male and female SHR, while @entity5 - and @entity7 -regulation of @entity4 release remained unaffected by maternal separation in the control, WKY, @entity0 . This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Noradrenergic System.

title: Genetically determined differences in noradrenergic function: The spontaneously @entity2 XXXX model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sporadic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) represents an enormous problem worldwide. Large intestinal microbiota play an important role in the @entity1 . The aim of the study was to investigate anti-Outer membrane protein C (anti-OmpC) antibodies, aimed at porin C, which is embedded in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity1 and controls. The study included 22 @entity0 with @entity2 (11 @entity0 , 11 @entity0 , aged 26-79, mean 65        12), 11 @entity0 with @entity1 (9 @entity0 , 2 @entity0 , aged 50-83, mean 66        11) and 45 controls, blood donors (24 @entity0 , 21 @entity0 , aged 20-58, mean 38        10). Serum anti-OmpC antibodies were investigated by means of ELISA. Values of 0-20  U/mL were considered to be negative; values >25  U/mL were assessed as positive. A total of 9/11 (82  %) @entity0 with @entity1 had positive anti-OmpC antibodies. Anti-OmpC antibodies were negative or grey-zone in 37/45 (82  %) controls. Serum anti-OmpC were found to be significantly higher in @entity0 with @entity1 (median 42.4, interquartile range (IQR) 22.2) compared to controls (median 18.3, IQR 12.4), p   <   0.001. No statistically significant difference in anti-OmpC was found between controls (median 18.3, IQR 12.4) and @entity2 @entity0 (median 17.7, IQR 16.5), p   =   0.326. Anti-OmpC were significantly higher in @entity0 with @entity1 (median 42.4, IQR 22.2) compared to @entity0 with @entity2 (median 17.7, IQR 16.5), p   =   0.011. Positivity of anti-OmpC antibodies was found in @entity0 with @entity1 , which supports the contribution of gram-negative large intestinal microbiota to the pathogenesis of @entity1 .

title: Anti-Outer membrane protein C antibodies in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A highly specific antiserum to rat GH (anti-rGH) was used to assess the role of GH in lactation in the @entity0 . When administered alone, anti-rGH had no effect on litter weight gain, whereas @entity1 reduced serum prolactin concentrations and litter weight gain for up to 7 days when given on day 4 of lactation. When @entity1 and anti-rGH were given in combination, however, litter weight gain declined even more dramatically so that pups were receiving virtually no milk 2-3 days after treatment. Daily litter exchange failed to prevent this effect. Concurrent injections of highly purified GH (prolactin contamination undetectable) prevented the dramatic decline in litter weight gain induced by combined @entity1 and anti-rGH treatment, so that these litters grew as well as those receiving @entity1 alone. @entity2 did not act by influencing serum prolactin concentrations, which remained low during GH therapy. Direct effects of anti-rGH or GH on the pups (transferred through the milk) were ruled out since virtually identical results were obtained when milk yield was estimated during a 30-min suckling period after a 3-h separation of mother and pups. Lactation had virtually ceased 3 days after treatment with both @entity1 and anti-rGH, but it could be reinitiated by a single injection of prolactin or GH, and subsequent recovery was virtually complete. The results of this study show that prolactin can maintain a full milk yield in the absence of GH, milk yield is reduced by approximately 50% in the absence of prolactin and milk yield is totally stopped in the absence of prolactin and GH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of an antiserum to @entity0 XXXX on lactation in the @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A highly specific antiserum to rat GH (anti-rGH) was used to assess the role of GH in lactation in the @entity0 . When administered alone, anti-rGH had no effect on litter weight gain, whereas @entity1 reduced serum prolactin concentrations and litter weight gain for up to 7 days when given on day 4 of lactation. When @entity1 and anti-rGH were given in combination, however, litter weight gain declined even more dramatically so that pups were receiving virtually no milk 2-3 days after treatment. Daily litter exchange failed to prevent this effect. Concurrent injections of highly purified GH (prolactin contamination undetectable) prevented the dramatic decline in litter weight gain induced by combined @entity1 and anti-rGH treatment, so that these litters grew as well as those receiving @entity1 alone. @entity2 did not act by influencing serum prolactin concentrations, which remained low during GH therapy. Direct effects of anti-rGH or GH on the pups (transferred through the milk) were ruled out since virtually identical results were obtained when milk yield was estimated during a 30-min suckling period after a 3-h separation of mother and pups. Lactation had virtually ceased 3 days after treatment with both @entity1 and anti-rGH, but it could be reinitiated by a single injection of prolactin or GH, and subsequent recovery was virtually complete. The results of this study show that prolactin can maintain a full milk yield in the absence of GH, milk yield is reduced by approximately 50% in the absence of prolactin and milk yield is totally stopped in the absence of prolactin and GH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of an antiserum to XXXX @entity2 on lactation in the @entity0 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A highly specific antiserum to rat GH (anti-rGH) was used to assess the role of GH in lactation in the @entity0 . When administered alone, anti-rGH had no effect on litter weight gain, whereas @entity1 reduced serum prolactin concentrations and litter weight gain for up to 7 days when given on day 4 of lactation. When @entity1 and anti-rGH were given in combination, however, litter weight gain declined even more dramatically so that pups were receiving virtually no milk 2-3 days after treatment. Daily litter exchange failed to prevent this effect. Concurrent injections of highly purified GH (prolactin contamination undetectable) prevented the dramatic decline in litter weight gain induced by combined @entity1 and anti-rGH treatment, so that these litters grew as well as those receiving @entity1 alone. @entity2 did not act by influencing serum prolactin concentrations, which remained low during GH therapy. Direct effects of anti-rGH or GH on the pups (transferred through the milk) were ruled out since virtually identical results were obtained when milk yield was estimated during a 30-min suckling period after a 3-h separation of mother and pups. Lactation had virtually ceased 3 days after treatment with both @entity1 and anti-rGH, but it could be reinitiated by a single injection of prolactin or GH, and subsequent recovery was virtually complete. The results of this study show that prolactin can maintain a full milk yield in the absence of GH, milk yield is reduced by approximately 50% in the absence of prolactin and milk yield is totally stopped in the absence of prolactin and GH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of an antiserum to @entity0 @entity2 on lactation in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The efficacy and durability of actual treatments (open, endovascular and hybrid) for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) repair are not yet completely defined. Open surgical repair using a multi-adjunct (ADJ) approach has been the standard of care for many years and may still be an effective treatment option. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of open @entity5 repair since the introduction of the available ADJ. METHODS: From 1994 to 2014, 542 consecutive @entity0 underwent open @entity5 repair in our institution, routinely receiving aortic distal perfusion and the other ADJ (either for visceral and spinal cord protection). The aetiology of @entity5 was identified to be degenerative in 325 (60%) @entity0 and chronic post-dissection in 160 (29.5%) @entity0 . Other causes such as connective tissue disorders, @entity4 and @entity6 were less represented (10.5%). Extensive type I and II repair was required in 128 (23.6%) and 285 (52.6%) @entity0 , respectively. All @entity0 were followed up at 3 and 6 months after surgery and yearly thereafter using computed tomography angiogram. RESULTS: The overall 30-day mortality and @entity2 rates were 8.5 and 4.2%, respectively. Age [odds ratio (OR) 1.07 per year, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.13], female gender (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.27-4.99), urgency (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.12-6.20) and emergency (OR 3.81, 95% CI 1.00-11.50) emerged as independent risk factors for 30-day mortality. Follow-up was 100% complete (mean 6.32 years). Overall 1-, 5- and 10-year survival was 85.9    1.5, 74.2    2.0 and 61.6    2.5%, respectively. The extent of surgical repair did not significantly influence late hospital death (P = 0.56). For @entity0 surviving the first 30 days, a degenerative @entity1 aetiology negatively impaired long-term survival compared with the other diseases [hazard ratio = 1.66; 95% CI (1.13-2.44)]. Five- and 10-year freedom from reoperation was 86.3    1.8 and 80.7    2.3%, respectively, and 8.5% of @entity0 required aortic reinterventions. CONCLUSIONS: In elective cases, open @entity5 repair has to be considered an effective option associated with low necessity of reoperation at follow-up. The extent of aortic resection did not affect long-term mortality. Conversely, survival was mainly determined by @entity0 age and @entity3 .

title: Open XXXX repair in the modern era: results from a 20-year single-centre experience.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The relevance of classifying @entity4 @entity2 ( @entity2 ) as known @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, in-hospital mortality, and length of stay (LOS) of three different phenotypes of @entity2 . Fasting @entity3 >= 126  mg/dL (7  mmol/L) or random blood @entity3 >= 200  mg/dL (11.1  mmol/L) defined @entity2 who were categorized into three groups: @entity1 ; @entity1 (no history of @entity1 and HbA1c >= 48  mmol/mol); @entity7 (no history of @entity1 and HbA1c <48  mmol/mol). The end points of the study were in-hospital mortality and LOS. Of 1447 consecutive enrolled subjects, the prevalence of @entity2 was 28.6  % (415/1447), of these 71.6  % had @entity1 , 21.2  % @entity7 , and 7.2  % @entity1 , respectively. In-hospital death was 3.9  % in normoglycemic and 6.0  % in @entity4 subjects. Individuals with @entity7 had an increased risk of in-hospital death (7.9  %) (HR 2.17, 95  % CI 1.18-4.9; p  =  0.039), while this was not observed for @entity1 and @entity1 @entity0 . The mean LOS was greater in @entity1 and @entity7 subjects. @entity7 is common, and is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and extension of hospital stay. @entity6 c along with clinical history is a useful tool to identify subgroups of @entity4 @entity2 . Individuals with @entity7 have a longer LOS, and a double risk of in-hospital mortality. Additionally, identifying previously unknown @entity1 represents a remarkable opportunity for prevention of @entity5 .

title: The classification of hospitalized @entity0 with XXXX and its implication on outcome: results from a prospective observational study in Internal Medicine.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The relevance of classifying @entity4 @entity2 ( @entity2 ) as known @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, in-hospital mortality, and length of stay (LOS) of three different phenotypes of @entity2 . Fasting @entity3 >= 126  mg/dL (7  mmol/L) or random blood @entity3 >= 200  mg/dL (11.1  mmol/L) defined @entity2 who were categorized into three groups: @entity1 ; @entity1 (no history of @entity1 and HbA1c >= 48  mmol/mol); @entity7 (no history of @entity1 and HbA1c <48  mmol/mol). The end points of the study were in-hospital mortality and LOS. Of 1447 consecutive enrolled subjects, the prevalence of @entity2 was 28.6  % (415/1447), of these 71.6  % had @entity1 , 21.2  % @entity7 , and 7.2  % @entity1 , respectively. In-hospital death was 3.9  % in normoglycemic and 6.0  % in @entity4 subjects. Individuals with @entity7 had an increased risk of in-hospital death (7.9  %) (HR 2.17, 95  % CI 1.18-4.9; p  =  0.039), while this was not observed for @entity1 and @entity1 @entity0 . The mean LOS was greater in @entity1 and @entity7 subjects. @entity7 is common, and is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and extension of hospital stay. @entity6 c along with clinical history is a useful tool to identify subgroups of @entity4 @entity2 . Individuals with @entity7 have a longer LOS, and a double risk of in-hospital mortality. Additionally, identifying previously unknown @entity1 represents a remarkable opportunity for prevention of @entity5 .

title: The classification of hospitalized XXXX with @entity7 and its implication on outcome: results from a prospective observational study in Internal Medicine.

answer: @entity0


abstract: GST and @entity9 genes are involved in metabolism of several compounds (e.g., solvents) that may play a role in @entity4 etiology. We evaluated associations between polymorphisms in these genes and adult brain @entity1 incidence. Cases were 782 @entity0 with @entity4 diagnosed from 1994 to 1998 at three United States hospitals. Controls were 799 @entity0 admitted to the same hospitals for nonmalignant conditions. DNA was extracted from blood samples that had been collected from 1277 subjects (80% of all subjects; 604 controls; 422 @entity2 , 172 @entity5 , and 79 @entity10 ), and genotyping was successfully conducted for @entity11 null, @entity8 null, @entity7 @entity13 , @entity7 @entity12 , @entity9 RsaI, and @entity9 Ins96. The @entity7 105 @entity6 / @entity6 genotype was associated with increased @entity2 incidence [odds ratio (OR), 1.8; 95% confidence limits (CLs), 1.2, 2.7], with the estimated effect following a trend of increasing magnitude by number of variant alleles (Ile/Ile: OR, 1.0; Ile/ @entity6 : OR, 1.3; @entity6 / @entity6 : OR, 2.1). The @entity9 RsaI variant was weakly associated with @entity2 (OR, 1.4; 95% CL, 0.9, 2.4) and @entity10 (OR, 2.3; 95% CL, 1.0, 5.3), with some indication of stronger associations among younger subjects. Estimated effects of the gene variants differed by @entity2 subtype. There was evidence of supermultiplicativity of the joint effect of @entity7 @entity13 and @entity9 RsaI variants on both @entity2 and @entity10 , even following adjustment of estimates toward a common prior distribution using hierarchical regression models. Previously reported associations between the @entity8 null genotype and overall @entity2 incidence were not replicated, but an association with @entity5 was observed (OR, 1.5; 95% CL, 1.0, 2.3). These findings may provide clues to both @entity3 .

title: Genetic polymorphisms in @entity11 , -P1, -T1, and XXXX and the risk of @entity4 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: GST and @entity9 genes are involved in metabolism of several compounds (e.g., solvents) that may play a role in @entity4 etiology. We evaluated associations between polymorphisms in these genes and adult brain @entity1 incidence. Cases were 782 @entity0 with @entity4 diagnosed from 1994 to 1998 at three United States hospitals. Controls were 799 @entity0 admitted to the same hospitals for nonmalignant conditions. DNA was extracted from blood samples that had been collected from 1277 subjects (80% of all subjects; 604 controls; 422 @entity2 , 172 @entity5 , and 79 @entity10 ), and genotyping was successfully conducted for @entity11 null, @entity8 null, @entity7 @entity13 , @entity7 @entity12 , @entity9 RsaI, and @entity9 Ins96. The @entity7 105 @entity6 / @entity6 genotype was associated with increased @entity2 incidence [odds ratio (OR), 1.8; 95% confidence limits (CLs), 1.2, 2.7], with the estimated effect following a trend of increasing magnitude by number of variant alleles (Ile/Ile: OR, 1.0; Ile/ @entity6 : OR, 1.3; @entity6 / @entity6 : OR, 2.1). The @entity9 RsaI variant was weakly associated with @entity2 (OR, 1.4; 95% CL, 0.9, 2.4) and @entity10 (OR, 2.3; 95% CL, 1.0, 5.3), with some indication of stronger associations among younger subjects. Estimated effects of the gene variants differed by @entity2 subtype. There was evidence of supermultiplicativity of the joint effect of @entity7 @entity13 and @entity9 RsaI variants on both @entity2 and @entity10 , even following adjustment of estimates toward a common prior distribution using hierarchical regression models. Previously reported associations between the @entity8 null genotype and overall @entity2 incidence were not replicated, but an association with @entity5 was observed (OR, 1.5; 95% CL, 1.0, 2.3). These findings may provide clues to both @entity3 .

title: Genetic polymorphisms in @entity11 , -P1, -T1, and @entity9 and the risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: GST and @entity9 genes are involved in metabolism of several compounds (e.g., solvents) that may play a role in @entity4 etiology. We evaluated associations between polymorphisms in these genes and adult brain @entity1 incidence. Cases were 782 @entity0 with @entity4 diagnosed from 1994 to 1998 at three United States hospitals. Controls were 799 @entity0 admitted to the same hospitals for nonmalignant conditions. DNA was extracted from blood samples that had been collected from 1277 subjects (80% of all subjects; 604 controls; 422 @entity2 , 172 @entity5 , and 79 @entity10 ), and genotyping was successfully conducted for @entity11 null, @entity8 null, @entity7 @entity13 , @entity7 @entity12 , @entity9 RsaI, and @entity9 Ins96. The @entity7 105 @entity6 / @entity6 genotype was associated with increased @entity2 incidence [odds ratio (OR), 1.8; 95% confidence limits (CLs), 1.2, 2.7], with the estimated effect following a trend of increasing magnitude by number of variant alleles (Ile/Ile: OR, 1.0; Ile/ @entity6 : OR, 1.3; @entity6 / @entity6 : OR, 2.1). The @entity9 RsaI variant was weakly associated with @entity2 (OR, 1.4; 95% CL, 0.9, 2.4) and @entity10 (OR, 2.3; 95% CL, 1.0, 5.3), with some indication of stronger associations among younger subjects. Estimated effects of the gene variants differed by @entity2 subtype. There was evidence of supermultiplicativity of the joint effect of @entity7 @entity13 and @entity9 RsaI variants on both @entity2 and @entity10 , even following adjustment of estimates toward a common prior distribution using hierarchical regression models. Previously reported associations between the @entity8 null genotype and overall @entity2 incidence were not replicated, but an association with @entity5 was observed (OR, 1.5; 95% CL, 1.0, 2.3). These findings may provide clues to both @entity3 .

title: Genetic polymorphisms in XXXX , -P1, -T1, and @entity9 and the risk of @entity4 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: @entity4 , the agent of @entity5 and an etiologic agent of @entity6 , has an extraordinarily high hemin requirement for growth compared to other bacterial pathogens. We previously identified the major hemin receptor of the pathogen as a 30-kDa surface protein, termed HbpA. This report describes four additional homologues that share approximately 48% @entity1 sequence identity with hbpA. Three of the genes form a paralagous cluster, termed hbpCAB, whereas the other members, hbpD and hbpE, are unlinked. Secondary structure predictions and other evidence suggest that Hbp family members are beta-barrels located in the outer membrane and contain eight transmembrane domains plus four extracellular loops. Homologs from a variety of gram-negative pathogens were identified, including @entity2 Pap31, Brucella Omp31, @entity3 Omp25, and @entity0 proteins (Opa). Family members expressed in vitro-synthesized proteins ranging from ca. 26.5 to 35.1 kDa, with the exception of HbpB, an approximately 55.9-kDa protein whose respective gene has been disrupted by a approximately 510 GC-rich element containing variable-number tandem repeats. Transcription analysis by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) indicates that all family members are expressed under normal culture conditions, with hbpD and hbpB transcripts being the most abundant and the rarest, respectively. Mutagenesis of hbpA by allelic exchange produced a strain that exhibited an enhanced hemin-binding phenotype relative to the parental strain, and analysis by quantitative RT-PCR showed elevated transcript levels for the other hbp family members, suggesting that compensatory expression occurs.

title: Five-member gene family of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: An efficient protocol is presented to identify signals in vibrational spectra of @entity1 oligomers based on theoretical @entity0 ( @entity0 ) simulations. The method is based on the projection of the atomic velocity vectors on the tangential directions of the trajectories belonging to a predefined set of internal coordinates. In this way only contributions of atomic motions along these internal coordinates are taken into consideration. The new methodology is applied to the spectra of oligomers and rings, which play an important role in @entity2 synthesis. A suitable selection of the relevant internal coordinates makes the protocol very efficient but relies on intuition and theoretical insight. The simulation data necessary to compute vibrational spectra of relevant @entity1 species are obtained through @entity0 using proper force fields. The new methodology-the so-called velocity projection method-makes a detailed analysis of vibrational spectra possible by establishing a one-to-one correspondence between a spectral signal and a proper internal coordinate. It offers valuable perspectives in understanding the elementary steps in @entity1 organization during @entity2 nanogrowth. The so-called velocity projection method is generally applicable on data obtained from all types of @entity0 and is a highly valuable alternative to normal-mode analysis which has its limitations due to the presence of many local minima on the potential energy surface. In this work the method is exclusively applied to inelastic neutron scattering, but extension to the infrared power spectrum is apparent.

title: Atomic Velocity Projection Method: A New Analysis Method for Vibrational Spectra in Terms of Internal Coordinates for a Better Understanding of XXXX Nanogrowth.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with an additional plug ( @entity4 -plug) in the treatment of @entity3 . SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Both @entity4 and @entity4 -plug are recently reported effective alternatives of @entity3 . METHODS: This multicenter prospective randomized study (NCT01478139) was conducted at 5 university hospitals throughout China. A total of 235 @entity0 were randomly assigned to undergo @entity4 (118 @entity0 ) or @entity4 -plug (117 @entity0 ) between March 2011 and April 2013. The primary outcome measured was primary healing rate at 6 months postoperatively and healing time. Secondary outcomes included recurrence rate, @entity1 , and @entity2 rate. RESULTS: The @entity4 procedure showed shorter operative time than the @entity4 -plug procedure (26.7min vs 28.5min, P=0.03). Median healing time was 22 days in @entity4 -plug group vs 30 days in @entity4 group (P<0.001). The difference in visual analog scale scores across all time points was not statistically significant between the groups (P=0.13). The primary healing rate was higher in @entity4 -plug group than in @entity4 group [94.0% (95% confidence interval 89.7%-98.3%) vs 83.9% (95% confidence interval 77.2%-90.6%), P<0.001]. There were no reported @entity2 and recurrence within the follow-up period of 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 , both @entity4 -plug and @entity4 are simple, safe, and effective procedures. @entity4 -plug has the advantage of a higher healing rate, less healing time, and a lower early @entity1 score.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0, where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

title: Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract vs Ligation of the Intersphincteric Fistula Tract Plus a Bioprosthetic Anal Fistula Plug Procedure in @entity0 With XXXX : Early Results of a Multicenter Prospective Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with an additional plug ( @entity4 -plug) in the treatment of @entity3 . SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Both @entity4 and @entity4 -plug are recently reported effective alternatives of @entity3 . METHODS: This multicenter prospective randomized study (NCT01478139) was conducted at 5 university hospitals throughout China. A total of 235 @entity0 were randomly assigned to undergo @entity4 (118 @entity0 ) or @entity4 -plug (117 @entity0 ) between March 2011 and April 2013. The primary outcome measured was primary healing rate at 6 months postoperatively and healing time. Secondary outcomes included recurrence rate, @entity1 , and @entity2 rate. RESULTS: The @entity4 procedure showed shorter operative time than the @entity4 -plug procedure (26.7min vs 28.5min, P=0.03). Median healing time was 22 days in @entity4 -plug group vs 30 days in @entity4 group (P<0.001). The difference in visual analog scale scores across all time points was not statistically significant between the groups (P=0.13). The primary healing rate was higher in @entity4 -plug group than in @entity4 group [94.0% (95% confidence interval 89.7%-98.3%) vs 83.9% (95% confidence interval 77.2%-90.6%), P<0.001]. There were no reported @entity2 and recurrence within the follow-up period of 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 , both @entity4 -plug and @entity4 are simple, safe, and effective procedures. @entity4 -plug has the advantage of a higher healing rate, less healing time, and a lower early @entity1 score.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0, where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

title: Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract vs Ligation of the Intersphincteric Fistula Tract Plus a Bioprosthetic Anal Fistula Plug Procedure in XXXX With @entity3 : Early Results of a Multicenter Prospective Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The importance of vascularization in the field of bone tissue engineering has been established by previous studies. The present work proposes a novel @entity5 ( @entity4 )/fibrin composite scaffold for the development of vascularized neobone tissue. The effect of prevascularization (i.e., in  vitro pre-culture prior to implantation) with @entity0 mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) on in  vivo vascularization of scaffolds was determined. Five conditions were studied: no pre-culture (NP), 1 week pre-culture (1P), 2 week pre-culture (2P), 3 week pre-culture (3P), and scaffolds without cells (control, C). Scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity1 model for 9 days. During in  vitro studies, @entity3 staining showed a significant increase in vascular network area over 3 weeks of culture. Vascular density was significantly higher in  vivo when comparing the NP and 3P groups. Immunohistochemical staining of @entity0 @entity3 expression indicated spreading of vascular networks with increasing pre-culture time. These vascular networks were perfused with @entity1 blood indicated by perfused lectin staining in @entity0 @entity3 positive vessels. Our results demonstrate that in  vitro prevascularization supports in  vivo vascularization in @entity4 /fibrin scaffolds.

title: Effect of prevascularization on in  vivo vascularization of XXXX /fibrin scaffolds.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of the @entity5 antagonist abarelix in @entity0 with @entity3 -independent @entity2 progressing after orchiectomy and to measure its effect on serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). METHODS: Sixteen @entity0 with @entity2 progressing after orchiectomy received abarelix-depot 100 mg by intramuscular injection on days 1, 15, and 29 and then every 28 days for up to 24 weeks (52 weeks in @entity0 who met the criteria for a @entity4 [PSA] response after 24 weeks). PSA response was the primary endpoint and was defined as a 50% reduction confirmed 4 weeks later. The time to progression and effect of therapy on serum FSH were secondary endpoints. RESULTS: No @entity0 met the criteria for a PSA response. Five @entity0 (31%, 95% confidence interval 11% to 58%) experienced confirmed reductions in the PSA level ranging from 9.3% to 31.8%. At the end of the six cycles of therapy, 6 @entity0 remained stable without PSA progression or other signs of disease progression. The median time to progression was 12 weeks (95% confidence interval 6 to 18). The mean serum FSH concentration declined after 4 weeks of study treatment by nearly 90% from a baseline of 45.1 IU/L (95% confidence interval 34.0 to 56.2) and remained suppressed throughout the observation period. Treatment was well tolerated, with one grade 3 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with abarelix in @entity0 with @entity3 -independent @entity2 after orchiectomy results in marked reduction in circulating FSH. None of the @entity0 met the PSA response criteria; nonetheless, minor reductions in serum PSA were observed in 5 of 16 @entity0 .

title: Targeting FSH in @entity3 -independent @entity2 : abarelix for XXXX progressing after orchiectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of the @entity5 antagonist abarelix in @entity0 with @entity3 -independent @entity2 progressing after orchiectomy and to measure its effect on serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). METHODS: Sixteen @entity0 with @entity2 progressing after orchiectomy received abarelix-depot 100 mg by intramuscular injection on days 1, 15, and 29 and then every 28 days for up to 24 weeks (52 weeks in @entity0 who met the criteria for a @entity4 [PSA] response after 24 weeks). PSA response was the primary endpoint and was defined as a 50% reduction confirmed 4 weeks later. The time to progression and effect of therapy on serum FSH were secondary endpoints. RESULTS: No @entity0 met the criteria for a PSA response. Five @entity0 (31%, 95% confidence interval 11% to 58%) experienced confirmed reductions in the PSA level ranging from 9.3% to 31.8%. At the end of the six cycles of therapy, 6 @entity0 remained stable without PSA progression or other signs of disease progression. The median time to progression was 12 weeks (95% confidence interval 6 to 18). The mean serum FSH concentration declined after 4 weeks of study treatment by nearly 90% from a baseline of 45.1 IU/L (95% confidence interval 34.0 to 56.2) and remained suppressed throughout the observation period. Treatment was well tolerated, with one grade 3 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with abarelix in @entity0 with @entity3 -independent @entity2 after orchiectomy results in marked reduction in circulating FSH. None of the @entity0 met the PSA response criteria; nonetheless, minor reductions in serum PSA were observed in 5 of 16 @entity0 .

title: Targeting FSH in @entity3 -independent XXXX : abarelix for @entity2 progressing after orchiectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of the @entity5 antagonist abarelix in @entity0 with @entity3 -independent @entity2 progressing after orchiectomy and to measure its effect on serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). METHODS: Sixteen @entity0 with @entity2 progressing after orchiectomy received abarelix-depot 100 mg by intramuscular injection on days 1, 15, and 29 and then every 28 days for up to 24 weeks (52 weeks in @entity0 who met the criteria for a @entity4 [PSA] response after 24 weeks). PSA response was the primary endpoint and was defined as a 50% reduction confirmed 4 weeks later. The time to progression and effect of therapy on serum FSH were secondary endpoints. RESULTS: No @entity0 met the criteria for a PSA response. Five @entity0 (31%, 95% confidence interval 11% to 58%) experienced confirmed reductions in the PSA level ranging from 9.3% to 31.8%. At the end of the six cycles of therapy, 6 @entity0 remained stable without PSA progression or other signs of disease progression. The median time to progression was 12 weeks (95% confidence interval 6 to 18). The mean serum FSH concentration declined after 4 weeks of study treatment by nearly 90% from a baseline of 45.1 IU/L (95% confidence interval 34.0 to 56.2) and remained suppressed throughout the observation period. Treatment was well tolerated, with one grade 3 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with abarelix in @entity0 with @entity3 -independent @entity2 after orchiectomy results in marked reduction in circulating FSH. None of the @entity0 met the PSA response criteria; nonetheless, minor reductions in serum PSA were observed in 5 of 16 @entity0 .

title: Targeting FSH in XXXX -independent @entity2 : abarelix for @entity2 progressing after orchiectomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We used standardized methodologies to characterize @entity1 O1 isolates from Guinea, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Togo, C  te d'Ivoire and Mozambique. We investigated 257 @entity0 isolates collected in 2010 to 2013. DRC isolates serotyped O1 Inaba, while isolates from other countries serotyped O1 Ogawa. All isolates were biotype El Tor and positive for @entity4 toxin. All isolates showed multidrug resistance but lacked @entity2 resistance. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of isolates varied between countries. In particular, the susceptibility profile of isolates from Mozambique (East-Africa) included resistance to @entity3 and was distinctly different to the susceptibility profiles of isolates from countries located in West- and Central-Africa. Molecular subtyping of isolates using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis showed a complex relationship among isolates. Some PFGE patterns were unique to particular countries and clustered by country; while other PFGE patterns were shared by isolates from multiple countries, indicating that the same genetic lineage is present in multiple countries. Our data add to a better understanding of @entity4 epidemiology in Africa.

title: Comparative Characterization of XXXX O1 from Five Sub-Saharan African Countries Using Various Phenotypic and Genotypic Techniques.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives. The adjuvant activity of Epimedium polysaccharide-propolis @entity4 liposome (EPL) was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods. In vitro, the effects of EPL at different concentrations on splenic lymphocytes proliferation and mRNA expression of @entity1 and @entity2 were determined. In vivo, the adjuvant activities of EPL, EP, and mineral oil were compared in BALB/c @entity0 through vaccination with inactivated @entity3 ( @entity3 ) vaccine. Results. In vitro, EPL promoted lymphocytes proliferation and increased the mRNA expression of @entity1 and @entity2 , and the effect was significantly better than EP at all concentrations. In vivo, EPL significantly promoted the lymphocytes proliferation and the secretion of cytokines and improved the killing activity of NK cells, PCV2-specific antibody titers, and the proportion of T-cell subgroups. The effects of EPL were significantly better than EP and oil adjuvant at most time points. Conclusion. EPL could significantly improve both @entity3 -specific cellular and humoral immune responses, and its medium dose had the best efficacy. Therefore, EPL would be exploited in an effective immune adjuvant for inactivated @entity3 vaccine.

title: The Adjuvant Activity of Epimedium Polysaccharide-Propolis XXXX Liposome on Enhancing Immune Responses to Inactivated Porcine Circovirus Vaccine in @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives. The adjuvant activity of Epimedium polysaccharide-propolis @entity4 liposome (EPL) was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Methods. In vitro, the effects of EPL at different concentrations on splenic lymphocytes proliferation and mRNA expression of @entity1 and @entity2 were determined. In vivo, the adjuvant activities of EPL, EP, and mineral oil were compared in BALB/c @entity0 through vaccination with inactivated @entity3 ( @entity3 ) vaccine. Results. In vitro, EPL promoted lymphocytes proliferation and increased the mRNA expression of @entity1 and @entity2 , and the effect was significantly better than EP at all concentrations. In vivo, EPL significantly promoted the lymphocytes proliferation and the secretion of cytokines and improved the killing activity of NK cells, PCV2-specific antibody titers, and the proportion of T-cell subgroups. The effects of EPL were significantly better than EP and oil adjuvant at most time points. Conclusion. EPL could significantly improve both @entity3 -specific cellular and humoral immune responses, and its medium dose had the best efficacy. Therefore, EPL would be exploited in an effective immune adjuvant for inactivated @entity3 vaccine.

title: The Adjuvant Activity of Epimedium Polysaccharide-Propolis @entity4 Liposome on Enhancing Immune Responses to Inactivated Porcine Circovirus Vaccine in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In brandy base wines, no @entity4 is used and it therefore is ideal for the proliferation of @entity0 bacteria. As part of an extensive taxonomic survey within the ecological framework of South African vineyards and wineries, and the influence of naturally occurring @entity0 bacteria on the quality of wine and brandy, a total of 54 strains were isolated from grape juice and at different stages of brandy base wine production. The strains were identified using numerical analysis of total soluble cell protein patterns, 16S rRNA sequence analyses and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species-specific primers. The predominant species was @entity5 (22 strains), but @entity2 (8 strains), @entity3 (8 strains) and @entity1 (6 strains) were also isolated frequently. Many of the @entity5 strains were isolated from brandy base wines after completion of spontaneous malolactic fermentation (MLF). The @entity1 spp. were isolated from all the different stages of brandy base wine production. Lb. plantarum was the dominant species in the juice, but disappeared during the later stages of production. However, @entity1 hilgardii, Lb. brevis and Lb. paracasei were also isolated from base wine after spontaneous MLF. Strains identified as @entity1 vermiforme were isolated during the alcoholic fermentation and after MLF have been completed. Total soluble cell protein patterns grouped @entity5 strains into two phenotypic groups. Two phenotypic clusters have also been identified for the Lb. brevis isolates. The Lb. paracasei isolates all grouped in one cluster. This is the first report of the presence of Lb. paracasei and Lb. vermiforme in brandy base wines. The presence of the @entity1 spp. could be correlated to the decrease in quality of the base wine and distillate, while @entity5 strains were found to have a more favourable influence on the quality of base wine and distillates. These results shed some light on the ecology and oenological influence of @entity0 bacteria (LAB) on the quality of South African brandy.

title: Identification of XXXX bacteria isolated from South African brandy base wines.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 is a characteristic feature of the syndromic craniosynostoses and predisposes these @entity0 to developing @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The purpose of this study was to identify anatomic factors associated with @entity3 in @entity0 with syndromic craniosynostoses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study. The authors enrolled a study sample composed of @entity0 with syndromic craniosynostoses. The predictor variables were age, gender, body mass index (BMI), syndromic diagnosis, and parameters of upper airway length and size measured on lateral cephalograms. To control for age, upper airway length was corrected for differences in @entity0 height. The outcome variable was @entity1 status (present or absent). Descriptive, bivariate, and regression statistics were computed. For all analyses, a P value less than or equal to .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 50 @entity0 with a mean age of 10.3    0.6 years, 50% were @entity0 , and 24 (48%) had @entity1 . @entity0 with and without @entity1 did not differ statistically in age, gender, BMI, or syndromic diagnosis. Those with @entity1 had increased upper airway length (P  = .016), decreased posterior airway space (P  = .001), and more severe midfacial retrusion (P  = .022) compared to @entity0 without @entity1 . After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratio for @entity1 was 32.9 in @entity0 with an upper airway longer than 45.3  mm per meter of height (P  = .018), and for every 1-mm decrease in posterior airway space, the risk of @entity1 increased by 30% (P  = .022). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 have a longer upper airway, smaller posterior airway space, and more severe midfacial retrusion than those without @entity1 .

title: Upper Airway Length is Predictive of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Substituting spacer by another in noninvasive ventilation (NIV) involves many variables, e.g. total emitted dose (TED), mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD), type of spacer, total lung deposition and total systemic absorption, which must be adjusted to ensure @entity0 optimum therapy. Data mining based on artificial @entity2 and genetic algorithms were used to model in vitro inhalation process, predict and optimize bioavailability from inhaled doses delivered by @entity4 ( @entity4 ) using different spacers in NIV. Modeling of data indicated that in vitro performance of @entity4 -spacer systems was dependent mainly on fine particle dose (FPD), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), MMAD and to lesser extent on spacer type. Ex vivo model indicated that amount of @entity3 collected on facemask filter was directly affected by @entity1 . In vivo model (24hQ) depended directly on spacer type, @entity1 and TED. Female @entity0 showed higher 0.5hQ and 24hQ values than males. AeroChamber VC spacer demonstrated higher TED and 24hQ in vivo values. Results indicated suitability of @entity4 -spacer systems in achieving appropriate in vitro inhalation performance. The possibility of modeling and predicting both ex vivo and in vivo capabilities of @entity4 -spacer systems from knowledge of in vitro attributes enabled detailed focus on important variables required to deliver safe and accurate doses of @entity3 to ventilated @entity0 .

title: In vitro/in vivo correlation and modeling of emitted dose and lung deposition of inhaled XXXX from metered dose inhalers with different types of spacers in noninvasively ventilated @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Substituting spacer by another in noninvasive ventilation (NIV) involves many variables, e.g. total emitted dose (TED), mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD), type of spacer, total lung deposition and total systemic absorption, which must be adjusted to ensure @entity0 optimum therapy. Data mining based on artificial @entity2 and genetic algorithms were used to model in vitro inhalation process, predict and optimize bioavailability from inhaled doses delivered by @entity4 ( @entity4 ) using different spacers in NIV. Modeling of data indicated that in vitro performance of @entity4 -spacer systems was dependent mainly on fine particle dose (FPD), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), MMAD and to lesser extent on spacer type. Ex vivo model indicated that amount of @entity3 collected on facemask filter was directly affected by @entity1 . In vivo model (24hQ) depended directly on spacer type, @entity1 and TED. Female @entity0 showed higher 0.5hQ and 24hQ values than males. AeroChamber VC spacer demonstrated higher TED and 24hQ in vivo values. Results indicated suitability of @entity4 -spacer systems in achieving appropriate in vitro inhalation performance. The possibility of modeling and predicting both ex vivo and in vivo capabilities of @entity4 -spacer systems from knowledge of in vitro attributes enabled detailed focus on important variables required to deliver safe and accurate doses of @entity3 to ventilated @entity0 .

title: In vitro/in vivo correlation and modeling of emitted dose and lung deposition of inhaled @entity3 from metered dose inhalers with different types of spacers in noninvasively ventilated XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To facilitate replication, we examined delivery characteristics, acceptability, and @entity1 outcomes of a home-based intervention, Get Busy Get Better, Helping Older Adults Beat the Blues (GBGB). GBGB, previously tested in a randomized trial, reduced @entity1 symptoms and enhanced quality of life in African Americans. DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 208 African Americans aged above 55 years with @entity0 Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores >= 5 on two subsequent screenings were randomized to receive GBGB immediately or 4 months later. GBGB involves up to 10 home sessions consisting of care management, referral/linkage, @entity1 education/symptom recognition, stress reduction, and behavioral activation. Interventionists recorded delivery characteristics (dose, intensity) and perceived acceptability of sessions. Baseline and post-tests were used to characterize @entity0 and examine associations between dose/intensity and @entity1 scores. @entity0 satisfaction and perceived benefits were examined at 8 months. RESULTS: Of 208 @entity0 , 181 (87%, mean age = 69.6) had treatment data. Of these, 165 (91.2%) had >= 3 treatment sessions (minimal dose). @entity0 had on average 8.1 sessions (SD = 2.6) for an average of 65.4min (SD = 18.3) each. Behavioral activation and care management were provided the most (average of six sessions for average duration = 17.9 and 22.2min per session respectively), although all @entity0 received each treatment component. GBGB was perceived as highly acceptable and beneficial by interventionists and @entity0 . More sessions and time in program were associated with greater symptom reduction. IMPLICATIONS: GBGB treatment components were highly acceptable to @entity0 . Future implementation and sustainability challenges include staffing, training requirements, reimbursement limitations, competing agency programmatic priorities, and generalizability to other groups.

title: Delivery Characteristics, Acceptability, and XXXX Outcomes of a Home-based @entity1 Intervention for Older African Americans: The Get Busy Get Better Program.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To facilitate replication, we examined delivery characteristics, acceptability, and @entity1 outcomes of a home-based intervention, Get Busy Get Better, Helping Older Adults Beat the Blues (GBGB). GBGB, previously tested in a randomized trial, reduced @entity1 symptoms and enhanced quality of life in African Americans. DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 208 African Americans aged above 55 years with @entity0 Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores >= 5 on two subsequent screenings were randomized to receive GBGB immediately or 4 months later. GBGB involves up to 10 home sessions consisting of care management, referral/linkage, @entity1 education/symptom recognition, stress reduction, and behavioral activation. Interventionists recorded delivery characteristics (dose, intensity) and perceived acceptability of sessions. Baseline and post-tests were used to characterize @entity0 and examine associations between dose/intensity and @entity1 scores. @entity0 satisfaction and perceived benefits were examined at 8 months. RESULTS: Of 208 @entity0 , 181 (87%, mean age = 69.6) had treatment data. Of these, 165 (91.2%) had >= 3 treatment sessions (minimal dose). @entity0 had on average 8.1 sessions (SD = 2.6) for an average of 65.4min (SD = 18.3) each. Behavioral activation and care management were provided the most (average of six sessions for average duration = 17.9 and 22.2min per session respectively), although all @entity0 received each treatment component. GBGB was perceived as highly acceptable and beneficial by interventionists and @entity0 . More sessions and time in program were associated with greater symptom reduction. IMPLICATIONS: GBGB treatment components were highly acceptable to @entity0 . Future implementation and sustainability challenges include staffing, training requirements, reimbursement limitations, competing agency programmatic priorities, and generalizability to other groups.

title: Delivery Characteristics, Acceptability, and @entity1 Outcomes of a Home-based XXXX Intervention for Older African Americans: The Get Busy Get Better Program.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of @entity4 on Trabecular Bone Score in liver transplant @entity0 with low bone mass, during one year follow-up. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, @entity7 was calculated from Dual X-ray absorptiometry images of the lumbar spine (LS), collected from a prospective randomized open-label 1 year trial performed in liver recipient @entity0 . 89 @entity0 with @entity5 or @entity1 were randomized to receive RIS plus @entity3 and @entity6 or @entity3 and @entity6 . RESULTS: @entity7 was low in both groups at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Baseline @entity7 at the LS showed degraded microarchitecture in 22.8 % of @entity0 , partially degraded in 40.3%, and normal values in 36.8% of the @entity0 . After one year of treatment no difference in @entity7 was observed between both groups. No correlations were found between BMD and @entity7 values at any follow-up time point. No relationship was found between BMD, @entity7 or immunosuppressive drugs with incidental @entity2 . CONCLUSION: No significant effect in @entity7 was observed in liver transplant @entity0 treated with RIS or @entity3 and @entity6 after 1 year of follow-up. In these @entity0 the clinical usefulness of this new tool should be established. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Trabecular bone sc0re in @entity0 with liver transplants after one year of XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of @entity4 on Trabecular Bone Score in liver transplant @entity0 with low bone mass, during one year follow-up. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, @entity7 was calculated from Dual X-ray absorptiometry images of the lumbar spine (LS), collected from a prospective randomized open-label 1 year trial performed in liver recipient @entity0 . 89 @entity0 with @entity5 or @entity1 were randomized to receive RIS plus @entity3 and @entity6 or @entity3 and @entity6 . RESULTS: @entity7 was low in both groups at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Baseline @entity7 at the LS showed degraded microarchitecture in 22.8 % of @entity0 , partially degraded in 40.3%, and normal values in 36.8% of the @entity0 . After one year of treatment no difference in @entity7 was observed between both groups. No correlations were found between BMD and @entity7 values at any follow-up time point. No relationship was found between BMD, @entity7 or immunosuppressive drugs with incidental @entity2 . CONCLUSION: No significant effect in @entity7 was observed in liver transplant @entity0 treated with RIS or @entity3 and @entity6 after 1 year of follow-up. In these @entity0 the clinical usefulness of this new tool should be established. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Trabecular bone sc0re in XXXX with liver transplants after one year of @entity4 treatment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between household air pollution (HAP) with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 younger than 5 years old and adverse pregnancy outcomes. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This retrospective cohort study took place in two cities in Patagonia. Using systemic random sampling, we selected households in which at least one @entity0 <5 years had lived and/or a @entity0 had been born alive or stillborn. Trained interviewers administered the questionnaire. RESULTS: We included 926 households with 695 pregnancies and 1,074 @entity0 . Household cooking was conducted indoors in ventilated rooms and the use of wood as the principal fuel for cooking was lower in Temuco (13% vs 17%). In exposed to biomass fuel use, the adjusted OR for @entity1 was 1.87 (95% CI 0.98-3.55; p = 0.056) in Temuco and 1.12 (95% CI 0.61-2.05; p = 0.716) in Bariloche. For perinatal morbidity, the OR was 3.11 (95% CI 0.86-11.32; p = 0.084) and 1.41 (95% CI 0.50-3.97; p = 0.518), respectively. However, none of the effects were statistically significant (p >0.05) CONCLUSION: The use of biomass fuel to cook in traditional cookstoves in ventilated dwellings may increase the risk of perinatal morbidity and @entity1 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Lower respiratory tract illness in XXXX younger than five years of age and adverse pregnancy outcomes related to household air pollution in Bariloche (Argentina) and Temuco (Chile).

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) mutations are widely accepted negative predictive factors for anti- @entity3 therapies in metastatic @entity1 (mCRC), while their prognostic significance is still under discussion. OBJECTIVE: This mono-institutional retrospective study aims to investigate the real-life impact of exon 2 codon 12 and 13 mutations in mCRC. METHODS: All mCRC @entity0 treated at our institution between 2008 and 2014 carrying @entity4 exon 2 mutations were included. The primary endpoint was to determine any significant difference in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) between codon 12 and 13 mutations. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), @entity5 in both populations according to antiangiogenic treatment, and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). RESULTS: Of 620 mCRC @entity0 , 218 carried @entity4 exon 2 mutations (35.1  %): 162 (26.1  %) at codon 12 and 56 (9.0  %) at codon 13. Median @entity5 results were similar: 32.0  months (codon 12) and 31.0  months (codon 13). PFS was also comparable, reaching 10.8  months in both populations. The addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy conferred a trend toward survival advantage in codon 12 but not codon 13 mutation (p  =  0.058). A high proportion of @entity2 @entity0 underwent hepatic surgery with radical purpose (62.3  %): in these @entity0 , median @entity5 has not yet been reached, while @entity5 in @entity2 @entity0 was 30.2  months. CONCLUSIONS: No difference in @entity5 between @entity4 codon 12/13 mutated disease was found. This analysis showed a very prolonged @entity5 for @entity4 -mutated @entity0 , even when @entity2 @entity0 were excluded; @entity5 of our real-life series favorably compares with @entity5 of all-RAS wild-type @entity0 in recent randomized studies.

title: XXXX Exon 2 Mutations as Prognostic Indicators in Advanced @entity1 in Clinical Practice: A Mono-Institutional Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) mutations are widely accepted negative predictive factors for anti- @entity3 therapies in metastatic @entity1 (mCRC), while their prognostic significance is still under discussion. OBJECTIVE: This mono-institutional retrospective study aims to investigate the real-life impact of exon 2 codon 12 and 13 mutations in mCRC. METHODS: All mCRC @entity0 treated at our institution between 2008 and 2014 carrying @entity4 exon 2 mutations were included. The primary endpoint was to determine any significant difference in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) between codon 12 and 13 mutations. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), @entity5 in both populations according to antiangiogenic treatment, and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). RESULTS: Of 620 mCRC @entity0 , 218 carried @entity4 exon 2 mutations (35.1  %): 162 (26.1  %) at codon 12 and 56 (9.0  %) at codon 13. Median @entity5 results were similar: 32.0  months (codon 12) and 31.0  months (codon 13). PFS was also comparable, reaching 10.8  months in both populations. The addition of bevacizumab to chemotherapy conferred a trend toward survival advantage in codon 12 but not codon 13 mutation (p  =  0.058). A high proportion of @entity2 @entity0 underwent hepatic surgery with radical purpose (62.3  %): in these @entity0 , median @entity5 has not yet been reached, while @entity5 in @entity2 @entity0 was 30.2  months. CONCLUSIONS: No difference in @entity5 between @entity4 codon 12/13 mutated disease was found. This analysis showed a very prolonged @entity5 for @entity4 -mutated @entity0 , even when @entity2 @entity0 were excluded; @entity5 of our real-life series favorably compares with @entity5 of all-RAS wild-type @entity0 in recent randomized studies.

title: @entity4 Exon 2 Mutations as Prognostic Indicators in Advanced XXXX in Clinical Practice: A Mono-Institutional Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: One hundred fifteen consecutive @entity0 undergoing TKR were divided into two groups to determine whether @entity1 and transfusion in total knee replacement (TKR) using @entity2 with saline infiltration would be less than TKR with tourniquet and drain. Group 1, composed of 60 @entity0 , received 2.5 mg of 1:1000 @entity2 diluted in 500 mL of normal saline, which was infiltrated into the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and capsule before surgical incision. No tourniquets or postoperative drains were used. Group 2, composed of 55 @entity0 , had a tourniquet and postoperative drain. Thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin also was used. Pre- and postoperative hemoglobin, @entity1 , hematocrit, and transfusion requirements were studied in both groups; in group 2, @entity1 in the drains also was noted. Average preoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit in the two groups were 13.7 g/dL and 39.3 g/dL, respectively, and 13.5% and 39%, respectively. Average intraoperative @entity1 was 290 mL in group 1 and 377.7 mL in group 2 (P<.005). Postoperative @entity1 in group 1 was <50 mL based on dressing soakage and 297.7 mL in group 2 (P<.005). Average postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit in the two groups were 10.6 g/dL and 8.4 g/dL, respectively, and 35.4% and 31.1%, respectively. Transfusion rates were 3.3% and 23.6%, respectively (P<.005). The average volume transfused was 1.2 U. @entity2 and saline infiltration is safe and helps reduce intraoperative @entity1 . Suction drain use for surgical wounds after primary, uncomplicated TKR is questionable.

title: The role of drains and tourniquets in primary total knee replacement: a comparative study of TKR performed with drains and tourniquet versus no drains and XXXX and saline infiltration.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Evidence is accumulating to suggest that the inducible isoenzyme of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is up-regulated in @entity0 @entity2 and epidemiological studies indicate that COX inhibitors may have a protective effect on the development of @entity1 . We used immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to investigate COX expression in @entity2 specimens and three @entity1 cell lines. Sixty-five archival lung tissue samples, including 46 squamous cell and 6 @entity4 lung resections, and 13 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) biopsies were studied. Dense and intense cytoplasmic @entity6 staining was found in all 52 resections from @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The staining was diffuse and much stronger than adjacent respiratory epithelium. @entity6 staining was relatively weak in the majority of the @entity3 samples. The bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium in the surrounding normal lung structures showed uniform COX immunoreactivity with apical concentration of the stain. There was no increase in @entity8 staining in any @entity2 type. Western blot analysis of the @entity2 lines revealed significantly higher expression of @entity8 in CORL23 line and @entity6 in two @entity5 cell lines ( @entity7 /P; A549) compared with the expression of @entity8 and @entity6 in cultured normal bronchial epithelial cells. Our findings demonstrated @entity6 overexpression in @entity5 .

title: Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity and the @entity6 frequently coexist. Both are associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). However, the contribution of @entity2 to @entity4 , independent of the presence of the @entity6 , remains controversial. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the WISE study, 780 @entity0 referred for coronary angiography to evaluate suspected @entity11 were classified by body mass index (BMI; <24.9=normal, n=184; > or =25.0 to < or =29.9=overweight, n=269; > or =30.0= @entity2 , n=327) and presence (n=451) or absence (n=329) of the @entity6 , further classified by @entity1 status. Prevalence of significant angiographic @entity8 ( @entity8 ; > or =50% stenosis) and 3-year risk of @entity4 were compared by BMI and metabolic status. The @entity6 and BMI were strongly associated, but only @entity6 was associated with significant @entity8 . Similarly, unit increases in BMI (normal to overweight to @entity2 ) were not associated with 3-year risk of @entity5 (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.92, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.51) or major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: @entity5 , nonfatal @entity9 , @entity3 , @entity10 ; adjusted HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.27), whereas metabolic status (normal to @entity6 to @entity1 ) conferred an approximate 2-fold adjusted risk of @entity5 (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.20) and MACE (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.57). Levels of @entity12 (hs-CRP) were more strongly associated with @entity6 than BMI but were not independently associated with 3-year risk of @entity5 or MACE. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity6 but not BMI predicts future @entity4 in @entity0 . Although it remains prudent to recommend @entity7 in overweight and @entity2 @entity0 , control of all modifiable risk factors in both normal and overweight @entity0 to prevent transition to the @entity6 should be considered the ultimate goal.

title: Clinical importance of obesity versus the metabolic syndrome in XXXX in @entity0 : a report from the @entity0 's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity and the @entity6 frequently coexist. Both are associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). However, the contribution of @entity2 to @entity4 , independent of the presence of the @entity6 , remains controversial. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the WISE study, 780 @entity0 referred for coronary angiography to evaluate suspected @entity11 were classified by body mass index (BMI; <24.9=normal, n=184; > or =25.0 to < or =29.9=overweight, n=269; > or =30.0= @entity2 , n=327) and presence (n=451) or absence (n=329) of the @entity6 , further classified by @entity1 status. Prevalence of significant angiographic @entity8 ( @entity8 ; > or =50% stenosis) and 3-year risk of @entity4 were compared by BMI and metabolic status. The @entity6 and BMI were strongly associated, but only @entity6 was associated with significant @entity8 . Similarly, unit increases in BMI (normal to overweight to @entity2 ) were not associated with 3-year risk of @entity5 (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.92, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.51) or major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: @entity5 , nonfatal @entity9 , @entity3 , @entity10 ; adjusted HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.27), whereas metabolic status (normal to @entity6 to @entity1 ) conferred an approximate 2-fold adjusted risk of @entity5 (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.20) and MACE (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.57). Levels of @entity12 (hs-CRP) were more strongly associated with @entity6 than BMI but were not independently associated with 3-year risk of @entity5 or MACE. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity6 but not BMI predicts future @entity4 in @entity0 . Although it remains prudent to recommend @entity7 in overweight and @entity2 @entity0 , control of all modifiable risk factors in both normal and overweight @entity0 to prevent transition to the @entity6 should be considered the ultimate goal.

title: Clinical importance of obesity versus the metabolic syndrome in @entity4 in XXXX : a report from the @entity0 's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity and the @entity6 frequently coexist. Both are associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). However, the contribution of @entity2 to @entity4 , independent of the presence of the @entity6 , remains controversial. METHODS AND RESULTS: From the WISE study, 780 @entity0 referred for coronary angiography to evaluate suspected @entity11 were classified by body mass index (BMI; <24.9=normal, n=184; > or =25.0 to < or =29.9=overweight, n=269; > or =30.0= @entity2 , n=327) and presence (n=451) or absence (n=329) of the @entity6 , further classified by @entity1 status. Prevalence of significant angiographic @entity8 ( @entity8 ; > or =50% stenosis) and 3-year risk of @entity4 were compared by BMI and metabolic status. The @entity6 and BMI were strongly associated, but only @entity6 was associated with significant @entity8 . Similarly, unit increases in BMI (normal to overweight to @entity2 ) were not associated with 3-year risk of @entity5 (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.92, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.51) or major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE: @entity5 , nonfatal @entity9 , @entity3 , @entity10 ; adjusted HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.27), whereas metabolic status (normal to @entity6 to @entity1 ) conferred an approximate 2-fold adjusted risk of @entity5 (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.20) and MACE (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.57). Levels of @entity12 (hs-CRP) were more strongly associated with @entity6 than BMI but were not independently associated with 3-year risk of @entity5 or MACE. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity6 but not BMI predicts future @entity4 in @entity0 . Although it remains prudent to recommend @entity7 in overweight and @entity2 @entity0 , control of all modifiable risk factors in both normal and overweight @entity0 to prevent transition to the @entity6 should be considered the ultimate goal.

title: Clinical importance of obesity versus the metabolic syndrome in @entity4 in @entity0 : a report from the XXXX 's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 sp. are facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria, extensively studied for their electron transfer ability. @entity1 has been detected and isolated from marine environments, and in particular, from biofilms. However, its ability to adhere to surfaces and form a biofilm is poorly understood. In this study, we show that the ability to adhere and to form a biofilm of @entity2 is significantly higher than that of @entity0 in our conditions. We also show that this strain forms a biofilm in artificial seawater, whereas in Luria-Bertani, this capacity is reduced. To identify proteins involved in early biofilm formation, a proteomic analysis of sessile versus planktonic membrane-enriched fractions allowed the identification of several components of the same type VI secretion system gene cluster: putative Hcp1 and ImpB proteins as well as a forkhead-associated domain-containing protein. The upregulation of Hcp1 a marker of active translocation has been confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Our data demonstrated the presence of a single and complete type VI secretion system in @entity2 genome, upregulated in sessile compared with planktonic conditions. The fact that three proteins including the secreted protein Hcp1 have been identified may suggest that this type VI secretion system is functional.

title: The marine bacteria XXXX upregulates the type VI secretion system during early biofilm formation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine efficacy of a modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) protocol for @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: Multiple-baseline, pre-post, single-blinded randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Outpatient clinic. @entity0 : Seventeen @entity0 who experienced @entity1 more than 1 year before study entry and who had @entity2 and learned nonuse. INTERVENTION: Seven @entity0 participated in structured therapy sessions emphasizing more affected arm use in valued activities, 3 times a week for 10 weeks. Their less affected arms were also restrained 5d/wk for 5 hours (mCIMT). Four @entity0 received regular therapy with similar contact time to mCIMT. Six @entity0 received no therapy (control). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery ( @entity3 ), Action Research Arm ( @entity4 ) Test, and Motor Activity Log (MAL). RESULTS: The mCIMT @entity0 exhibited greater motor changes on the @entity3 and @entity4 (18.4, 11.4) than regular therapy (6.0, 7.1) or control (-2.9, -4.5). Statistical analyses showed significant differences in motor improvement on the @entity3 (F(2,12)=11.2, P=.002) and the @entity4 (F(2,12)=14.0, P=.001). Post hoc analyses showed that, when pretreatment motor differences are controlled, mCIMT resulted in substantially higher posttreatment @entity3 and @entity4 scores. Amount and quality of arm use, measured by the MAL, improved only in mCIMT @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: mCIMT may be an efficacious method of improving function and use of the more affected arms of @entity1 @entity0 . Findings further affirm that repeated, task-specific practice is critical to reacquisition of function, whereas practice schedule intensity is less critical.

title: Efficacy of modified constraint-induced movement therapy in XXXX : a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1