abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite standardization of experimental @entity2 models, final @entity3 sizes after @entity4 ( @entity4 ) vary considerably. This introduces uncertainties in the evaluation of drug effects on @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging may detect variability of surgically induced @entity1 before treatment and thus improve treatment effect evaluation. METHODS: @entity4 of 45 and 90 minutes induced brain @entity3 in 83 @entity0 . During, and 3 and 6 hours after @entity4 , we performed multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated time courses of cerebral blood flow, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), T1, T2, accuracy of @entity3 prediction strategies, and impact on statistical evaluation of experimental @entity2 studies. RESULTS: ADC decreased during @entity4 but recovered completely on reperfusion after 45 and partially after 90-minute @entity4 , followed by a secondary decline. ADC lesion volumes during @entity4 or at 6 hours after @entity4 largely determined final @entity3 volumes for 90 but not for 45 minutes @entity4 . The majority of chance findings of final @entity3 volume differences in random group allocations of animals were associated with significant differences in early ADC lesion volumes for 90, but not for 45-minute @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: The prediction accuracy of early magnetic resonance imaging for @entity3 volumes depends on timing of magnetic resonance imaging and @entity4 duration. Variability of the posterior communicating artery in C57Bl6 @entity0 contributes to differences in prediction accuracy between @entity4 . Early ADC imaging may be used to reduce errors in the interpretation of post @entity4 treatment effects on @entity2 volumes.

title: Infarct Volume Prediction by Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a @entity0 XXXX Model Depends on @entity1 Duration and Time of Imaging.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite standardization of experimental @entity2 models, final @entity3 sizes after @entity4 ( @entity4 ) vary considerably. This introduces uncertainties in the evaluation of drug effects on @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging may detect variability of surgically induced @entity1 before treatment and thus improve treatment effect evaluation. METHODS: @entity4 of 45 and 90 minutes induced brain @entity3 in 83 @entity0 . During, and 3 and 6 hours after @entity4 , we performed multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated time courses of cerebral blood flow, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), T1, T2, accuracy of @entity3 prediction strategies, and impact on statistical evaluation of experimental @entity2 studies. RESULTS: ADC decreased during @entity4 but recovered completely on reperfusion after 45 and partially after 90-minute @entity4 , followed by a secondary decline. ADC lesion volumes during @entity4 or at 6 hours after @entity4 largely determined final @entity3 volumes for 90 but not for 45 minutes @entity4 . The majority of chance findings of final @entity3 volume differences in random group allocations of animals were associated with significant differences in early ADC lesion volumes for 90, but not for 45-minute @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: The prediction accuracy of early magnetic resonance imaging for @entity3 volumes depends on timing of magnetic resonance imaging and @entity4 duration. Variability of the posterior communicating artery in C57Bl6 @entity0 contributes to differences in prediction accuracy between @entity4 . Early ADC imaging may be used to reduce errors in the interpretation of post @entity4 treatment effects on @entity2 volumes.

title: Infarct Volume Prediction by Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a @entity0 @entity2 Model Depends on XXXX Duration and Time of Imaging.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite standardization of experimental @entity2 models, final @entity3 sizes after @entity4 ( @entity4 ) vary considerably. This introduces uncertainties in the evaluation of drug effects on @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging may detect variability of surgically induced @entity1 before treatment and thus improve treatment effect evaluation. METHODS: @entity4 of 45 and 90 minutes induced brain @entity3 in 83 @entity0 . During, and 3 and 6 hours after @entity4 , we performed multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluated time courses of cerebral blood flow, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), T1, T2, accuracy of @entity3 prediction strategies, and impact on statistical evaluation of experimental @entity2 studies. RESULTS: ADC decreased during @entity4 but recovered completely on reperfusion after 45 and partially after 90-minute @entity4 , followed by a secondary decline. ADC lesion volumes during @entity4 or at 6 hours after @entity4 largely determined final @entity3 volumes for 90 but not for 45 minutes @entity4 . The majority of chance findings of final @entity3 volume differences in random group allocations of animals were associated with significant differences in early ADC lesion volumes for 90, but not for 45-minute @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: The prediction accuracy of early magnetic resonance imaging for @entity3 volumes depends on timing of magnetic resonance imaging and @entity4 duration. Variability of the posterior communicating artery in C57Bl6 @entity0 contributes to differences in prediction accuracy between @entity4 . Early ADC imaging may be used to reduce errors in the interpretation of post @entity4 treatment effects on @entity2 volumes.

title: Infarct Volume Prediction by Early Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a XXXX @entity2 Model Depends on @entity1 Duration and Time of Imaging.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The pharmacokinetics of @entity4 after single and multiple dosing was studied in 20 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of NYHA functional class II. @entity4 100 mg was given 3 times a day for 7 days in 6 @entity0 and for 30 days in the other 14 @entity0 . Plasma pharmacokinetics of total (mainly conjugated) and free @entity5 was studied after the first dose and on the 3rd, 7th and 30th days of treatment. The urinary recoveries of total @entity5 , @entity2 and @entity3 were measured in 5 @entity0 for 24 h after @entity4 ingestion on the 1st and 30th days. Plasma pharmacokinetics of @entity4 did not vary during the repeated administration of the drug. In the course of the treatment, total @entity5 elimination t1/2 showed no significant variations. The build-up of Cmax, Cmin and AUC of total @entity5 observed after multiple dosing was as expected on the basis of the interval adopted between the doses of @entity4 and of the elimination t1/2 of total @entity5 . Pharmacokinetic parameters of free @entity5 did not show significant variations during the course of the treatment. The amounts of @entity2 and @entity3 recovered in urine on the 1st and 30th days of treatment were similar while the amount of total @entity5 was greater on the 30th day, the increment mainly reflecting a partial carry over of the less rapidly excreted conjugated @entity5 from the last previous doses. The results obtained for free @entity5 plasma levels and for the urinary recoveries of @entity4 metabolites thus indicated that no saturation of the enzymes involved in @entity4 metabolism occurred.

title: @entity4 kinetics after single and multiple dosing in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The pharmacokinetics of @entity4 after single and multiple dosing was studied in 20 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of NYHA functional class II. @entity4 100 mg was given 3 times a day for 7 days in 6 @entity0 and for 30 days in the other 14 @entity0 . Plasma pharmacokinetics of total (mainly conjugated) and free @entity5 was studied after the first dose and on the 3rd, 7th and 30th days of treatment. The urinary recoveries of total @entity5 , @entity2 and @entity3 were measured in 5 @entity0 for 24 h after @entity4 ingestion on the 1st and 30th days. Plasma pharmacokinetics of @entity4 did not vary during the repeated administration of the drug. In the course of the treatment, total @entity5 elimination t1/2 showed no significant variations. The build-up of Cmax, Cmin and AUC of total @entity5 observed after multiple dosing was as expected on the basis of the interval adopted between the doses of @entity4 and of the elimination t1/2 of total @entity5 . Pharmacokinetic parameters of free @entity5 did not show significant variations during the course of the treatment. The amounts of @entity2 and @entity3 recovered in urine on the 1st and 30th days of treatment were similar while the amount of total @entity5 was greater on the 30th day, the increment mainly reflecting a partial carry over of the less rapidly excreted conjugated @entity5 from the last previous doses. The results obtained for free @entity5 plasma levels and for the urinary recoveries of @entity4 metabolites thus indicated that no saturation of the enzymes involved in @entity4 metabolism occurred.

title: XXXX kinetics after single and multiple dosing in @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The pharmacokinetics of @entity4 after single and multiple dosing was studied in 20 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of NYHA functional class II. @entity4 100 mg was given 3 times a day for 7 days in 6 @entity0 and for 30 days in the other 14 @entity0 . Plasma pharmacokinetics of total (mainly conjugated) and free @entity5 was studied after the first dose and on the 3rd, 7th and 30th days of treatment. The urinary recoveries of total @entity5 , @entity2 and @entity3 were measured in 5 @entity0 for 24 h after @entity4 ingestion on the 1st and 30th days. Plasma pharmacokinetics of @entity4 did not vary during the repeated administration of the drug. In the course of the treatment, total @entity5 elimination t1/2 showed no significant variations. The build-up of Cmax, Cmin and AUC of total @entity5 observed after multiple dosing was as expected on the basis of the interval adopted between the doses of @entity4 and of the elimination t1/2 of total @entity5 . Pharmacokinetic parameters of free @entity5 did not show significant variations during the course of the treatment. The amounts of @entity2 and @entity3 recovered in urine on the 1st and 30th days of treatment were similar while the amount of total @entity5 was greater on the 30th day, the increment mainly reflecting a partial carry over of the less rapidly excreted conjugated @entity5 from the last previous doses. The results obtained for free @entity5 plasma levels and for the urinary recoveries of @entity4 metabolites thus indicated that no saturation of the enzymes involved in @entity4 metabolism occurred.

title: @entity4 kinetics after single and multiple dosing in XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The water-soluble (cytosolic) and Lubrol-soluble (membrane-bound) calmodulin contents were determined radioimmunologically in fractions of striatum, hippocampus and cerebellum of @entity1 supersensitive @entity0 . Development of supersensitivity was the sequel of 3-weeks treatment of the animals with 1 mg/kg @entity2 or 5 mg/kg @entity3 i.p. daily. In the @entity1 -rich striatum, the membrane-bound calmodulin content was increased by both modes of treatment, consistent with data from the literature. The patterns suggest that additional calmodulin was synthesized under the conditions studied. The hippocampus, the region poor in @entity1 while playing an essential role in learning and memory formation processes, revealed similar patterns after both modes of treatment. However, in this region a pronounced translocation was seen, i.e. a redistribution from the cytosolic into the membrane compartment, without signs evidencing enhanced synthesis. The third region under investigation, the cerebellum, did not show any alterations in calmodulin content. Differentiation between pre- and postsynaptic changes was not possible. The results are discussed in the light of the present knowledge about participation of dopaminergic systems in processes of neuronal plasticity.

title: Alterations in calmodulin content of @entity0 brain areas after chronic application of @entity2 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The water-soluble (cytosolic) and Lubrol-soluble (membrane-bound) calmodulin contents were determined radioimmunologically in fractions of striatum, hippocampus and cerebellum of @entity1 supersensitive @entity0 . Development of supersensitivity was the sequel of 3-weeks treatment of the animals with 1 mg/kg @entity2 or 5 mg/kg @entity3 i.p. daily. In the @entity1 -rich striatum, the membrane-bound calmodulin content was increased by both modes of treatment, consistent with data from the literature. The patterns suggest that additional calmodulin was synthesized under the conditions studied. The hippocampus, the region poor in @entity1 while playing an essential role in learning and memory formation processes, revealed similar patterns after both modes of treatment. However, in this region a pronounced translocation was seen, i.e. a redistribution from the cytosolic into the membrane compartment, without signs evidencing enhanced synthesis. The third region under investigation, the cerebellum, did not show any alterations in calmodulin content. Differentiation between pre- and postsynaptic changes was not possible. The results are discussed in the light of the present knowledge about participation of dopaminergic systems in processes of neuronal plasticity.

title: Alterations in calmodulin content of @entity0 brain areas after chronic application of XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The water-soluble (cytosolic) and Lubrol-soluble (membrane-bound) calmodulin contents were determined radioimmunologically in fractions of striatum, hippocampus and cerebellum of @entity1 supersensitive @entity0 . Development of supersensitivity was the sequel of 3-weeks treatment of the animals with 1 mg/kg @entity2 or 5 mg/kg @entity3 i.p. daily. In the @entity1 -rich striatum, the membrane-bound calmodulin content was increased by both modes of treatment, consistent with data from the literature. The patterns suggest that additional calmodulin was synthesized under the conditions studied. The hippocampus, the region poor in @entity1 while playing an essential role in learning and memory formation processes, revealed similar patterns after both modes of treatment. However, in this region a pronounced translocation was seen, i.e. a redistribution from the cytosolic into the membrane compartment, without signs evidencing enhanced synthesis. The third region under investigation, the cerebellum, did not show any alterations in calmodulin content. Differentiation between pre- and postsynaptic changes was not possible. The results are discussed in the light of the present knowledge about participation of dopaminergic systems in processes of neuronal plasticity.

title: Alterations in calmodulin content of XXXX brain areas after chronic application of @entity2 and @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The clinical, hemodynamic and pathological findings of 13 @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity10 caused by advanced @entity4 were evaluated. Eleven @entity0 showed a favorable outcome with no complications resulting from surgery. One @entity0 died from @entity6 , and another died suddenly from an unknown cause. Five @entity0 had @entity9 as a complication. Ten @entity0 (77%) had a long-standing history of @entity2 . Twelve @entity0 (92%) were male. None of the @entity0 had the stigmata of @entity7 . All @entity0 had marked @entity5 without any inflammatory changes. Two @entity0 showed microcalcification; 7 demonstrated moderate @entity1 . Five @entity0 showed severe @entity8 of the cusps which appeared redundant, gelatinous and softened by degenerative changes. @entity4 of the aortic valve is not rare, and, in fact, it may be one of the most common pathologic and clinical entities associated with pure @entity3 .

title: Results of surgery for XXXX due to @entity10 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The clinical, hemodynamic and pathological findings of 13 @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity10 caused by advanced @entity4 were evaluated. Eleven @entity0 showed a favorable outcome with no complications resulting from surgery. One @entity0 died from @entity6 , and another died suddenly from an unknown cause. Five @entity0 had @entity9 as a complication. Ten @entity0 (77%) had a long-standing history of @entity2 . Twelve @entity0 (92%) were male. None of the @entity0 had the stigmata of @entity7 . All @entity0 had marked @entity5 without any inflammatory changes. Two @entity0 showed microcalcification; 7 demonstrated moderate @entity1 . Five @entity0 showed severe @entity8 of the cusps which appeared redundant, gelatinous and softened by degenerative changes. @entity4 of the aortic valve is not rare, and, in fact, it may be one of the most common pathologic and clinical entities associated with pure @entity3 .

title: Results of surgery for @entity3 due to XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Investigations of biopsy material from @entity0 kidneys with different forms of @entity3 (n = 1,240) and with @entity1 (n = 406) performed in order to find changes caused by hyperperfusion of the kidney tissue gave the following results: (1) Hyperperfusion injury occurs in the different forms of @entity3 with varying frequency. It was rarely found in immunologically negative mesangioproliferative @entity3 . The highest incidence was found in @entity0 with @entity5 was also found in kidneys with @entity1 . The frequency of this finding increased with the degree of the @entity1 changes. (3) The hyperperfusion injury was seen as a complication of @entity3 or @entity1 only when the @entity0 clinically had developed malignant @entity2 and when the serum @entity4 level was elevated, a sign of compensated retention. (4) In @entity0 with @entity3 , the hyperperfusion changes occurred more frequently in males than in females. @entity1 was complicated by hyperperfusion injury with the same frequency in both sexes. (5) @entity0 with hyperperfusion changes of the kidneys always excrete large amounts of protein in the urine. (6) Hyperperfusion changes occur first in the juxtamedullary glomeruli. The intermediate glomeruli are affected later and the subcapsular glomeruli last.

title: Hyperperfusion injury of the XXXX kidney in different glomerular diseases.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 239 @entity1 with @entity2 of the breast were treated by primary radiation therapy from 1977 to 1985. Of them 212 had an objective response and 27 showed no response to irradiation. From the objective responders, 105 @entity1 were subjected to mastectomy and axillary dissection and in 107 cases the radiotherapy was not followed by surgery. @entity1 of operated group had a 71% and the RT alone group had a 61% local-regional @entity2 control at 5 years. The analysis of local-regional recurrences revealed that none of the operated @entity1 had axillary recurrence but 8 had in the RT alone group. Postirradiation surgery is recommended for @entity1 who have @entity3 especially in the axillary region. The 5-year survival rate of operated @entity1 was significantly better, 58% vs. 35%. However, these results are not comparable since the incidence of less favourable cases was higher in the RT alone group. Chemotherapy was initiated for the 27 @entity1 who failed to respond to RT, but results were unsatisfactory. None of them survived three years. Further studies are needed to explore the role of chemotherapy in this stage of @entity0 .

title: Radiotherapy alone or in combination with surgery in the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: (1) To determine the brain regions activated by dentoalveolar pressure stimulation in persistent @entity4 (PDAP) @entity0 , and (2) to compare these activation patterns to those seen in @entity2 -free control subjects. METHODS: A total of 13 PDAP @entity0 and 13 matched controls completed the study. Clinical @entity2 characteristics and psychosocial data were collected. @entity2 thresholds were determined with a custom-made device over the painful area for @entity0 and were used as the stimulation level during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquisition. Control subjects received two stimulation levels over matched locations during fMRI scanning: one determined (as above) that evoked equally subjective @entity2 ratings matching those of @entity0 (subjective- @entity2 match) and another nonpainful stimulation level matching the average stimulus intensity provided to @entity0 (stimulus-intensity match). Clinical and psychosocial data were analyzed using independent samples t tests, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient. fMRI data were analyzed using validated neuroimaging software and tested using a general linear model. RESULTS: PDAP @entity0 had greater @entity3 scores (P = .001), @entity1 (P < .0001), and greater social impact (P < .0001) than controls. No significant differences were found for brain activation spatial extent (PDAP X Controls subjective @entity2 : P = .48; PDAP X Controls stimulus intensity: P = .12). Brain activations were significantly increased for PDAP @entity0 compared to control subjects when matched to stimulus intensity in several regions related to the sensory-discriminative and cognitive components of @entity2 perception, including the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, inferior parietal lobule, insula, premotor cortex, prefrontal cortex, and thalamus. When matched to subjective @entity2 ratings, increased brain activations were still present for PDAP @entity0 compared to controls, although to a lesser extent. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that dentoalveolar pressure is processed differently in the brain of PDAP @entity0 , and the increased activation in several brain areas is consistent with amplified @entity2 processing.

title: Amplified Brain Processing of Dentoalveolar Pressure Stimulus in Persistent XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIMS: (1) To determine the brain regions activated by dentoalveolar pressure stimulation in persistent @entity4 (PDAP) @entity0 , and (2) to compare these activation patterns to those seen in @entity2 -free control subjects. METHODS: A total of 13 PDAP @entity0 and 13 matched controls completed the study. Clinical @entity2 characteristics and psychosocial data were collected. @entity2 thresholds were determined with a custom-made device over the painful area for @entity0 and were used as the stimulation level during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquisition. Control subjects received two stimulation levels over matched locations during fMRI scanning: one determined (as above) that evoked equally subjective @entity2 ratings matching those of @entity0 (subjective- @entity2 match) and another nonpainful stimulation level matching the average stimulus intensity provided to @entity0 (stimulus-intensity match). Clinical and psychosocial data were analyzed using independent samples t tests, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient. fMRI data were analyzed using validated neuroimaging software and tested using a general linear model. RESULTS: PDAP @entity0 had greater @entity3 scores (P = .001), @entity1 (P < .0001), and greater social impact (P < .0001) than controls. No significant differences were found for brain activation spatial extent (PDAP X Controls subjective @entity2 : P = .48; PDAP X Controls stimulus intensity: P = .12). Brain activations were significantly increased for PDAP @entity0 compared to control subjects when matched to stimulus intensity in several regions related to the sensory-discriminative and cognitive components of @entity2 perception, including the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, inferior parietal lobule, insula, premotor cortex, prefrontal cortex, and thalamus. When matched to subjective @entity2 ratings, increased brain activations were still present for PDAP @entity0 compared to controls, although to a lesser extent. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that dentoalveolar pressure is processed differently in the brain of PDAP @entity0 , and the increased activation in several brain areas is consistent with amplified @entity2 processing.

title: Amplified Brain Processing of Dentoalveolar Pressure Stimulus in Persistent @entity4 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Owing to their rarity and proteiform pathologic features, the clinical behavior of @entity5 is not yet well characterized. Though the extent of resection is believed to be a key determinant of prognosis, limited data exist regarding optimal management of @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: In this 20-year retrospective case series, we reviewed the medical records of 46 @entity0 with recurrent @entity4 (185 lesions, 89 of which were local, 78 marginal, and 18 distant recurrences); treatment was radiosurgery (n  = 60), surgery (n  = 56), or both (n  = 8). The median follow-up period was 53 months. Outcome measures were length of overall survival and disease-free intervals and prognostic factors for survival. RESULTS: Overall, the median progression-free survival was 26 months at the first recurrence and 100 months thereafter (the sum of the later intervals). Multivariate analysis showed that no treatment-related factors influenced prognosis, whereas recurrence at the skull base was a significant @entity1 -related factor limiting further treatment. Irrespective of treatment type, the recurrence-free interval was increasingly shorter during the clinical course, with a higher occurrence of marginal and distant lesions migrating to the midline and to the skull base. In sporadic cases, disease-free intervals were longer after wide craniotomy, @entity1 and dural resection with @entity1 -free margin. CONCLUSIONS: The disease-free interval was substantially similar after surgery and radiosurgery for treating @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity5 . Surgery is the mainstay for prolonging survival, while radiosurgery can be an adjuvant strategy to gain time for clinical observation and @entity3 surgical treatment.

title: Recurrent XXXX : Combining Surgery and Radiosurgery in One Effective Multimodal Treatment.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: We identified the efficacy and appropriate target group for intratympanic @entity3 injections (ITS) in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. METHODS: Fifty-five ears treated with concomitant ITS and systemic @entity1 and 165 ears without ITS treatment were identified. Each case had three controls matched according to the age, sex, and the presence of vertigo. @entity0 were divided into subgroups according to pure tone audiometric configuration and the levels of initial @entity2 . Hearing results and frequency-related @entity2 were investigated. RESULTS: Additional ITS was effective for @entity0 with an ascending type audiogram or @entity0 with Grade 3 (60-90dB) initial @entity2 . Concomitant ITS, however, resulted in a negative effect on hearing in @entity0 with Grades 1 and 2 (<60dB). ITS resulted in significant (p<0.05) hearing improvement at 250Hz in the Grade 3 (60-90dB) and Grade 4 (>90dB) ITS subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of additional ITS for @entity4 was different among subgroups with various levels of initial @entity2 or audiogram configuration.

title: Efficacy of Concomitant Intratympanic @entity3 Injection for Sudden Deafness According to Initial XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: We identified the efficacy and appropriate target group for intratympanic @entity3 injections (ITS) in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. METHODS: Fifty-five ears treated with concomitant ITS and systemic @entity1 and 165 ears without ITS treatment were identified. Each case had three controls matched according to the age, sex, and the presence of vertigo. @entity0 were divided into subgroups according to pure tone audiometric configuration and the levels of initial @entity2 . Hearing results and frequency-related @entity2 were investigated. RESULTS: Additional ITS was effective for @entity0 with an ascending type audiogram or @entity0 with Grade 3 (60-90dB) initial @entity2 . Concomitant ITS, however, resulted in a negative effect on hearing in @entity0 with Grades 1 and 2 (<60dB). ITS resulted in significant (p<0.05) hearing improvement at 250Hz in the Grade 3 (60-90dB) and Grade 4 (>90dB) ITS subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of additional ITS for @entity4 was different among subgroups with various levels of initial @entity2 or audiogram configuration.

title: Efficacy of Concomitant Intratympanic XXXX Injection for Sudden Deafness According to Initial @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Complete resection of the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) tract is challenging due to repeated @entity4 and inadequate procedures. We present our experiences with intraoperative endoscopic-assisted intubation or instillation of dye through the internal opening as a guide to identify the tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 73 consecutive @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 during 1999 until 2014 from two tertiary referral centers. Demographics, clinical presentation, imaging, treatment, and outcome were analyzed. RESULTS: The intraoperative endoscopy was successfully conducted in all 73 cases. No gender predominance was observed. Of the anomalies, 94.5% were left-sided. Presenting symptoms consisted of neck abscess (n   =   48), @entity7 /thyroid abscess (n   =   9), neck mass with or without @entity5 (n   =   12), and thyroid nodule (n   =   4). Barium esophagography and computed tomography scan with oral or intravenous contrast had a satisfactory positive predictive value. Partial thyroidectomy was performed on 25 cases (34.2%) if the ipsilateral thyroid was involved. Good outcome was achieved in all but 3 @entity0 (70/73, 95.9%) during a median follow-up of 4 years (range, 8 months-14 years). Two @entity0 developed @entity3 : temporary vocal fold motion @entity2 , respectively. @entity1 recurred in 1 case. CONCLUSIONS: A complete resection is essential for good outcomes. Intraoperative intubation or @entity6 injection by endoscopy can simplify the identification of the fistula tract during surgical exploration.

title: Endoscopic-Assisted Surgery for Pyriform Sinus Fistula in Chinese XXXX : A 73-Consecutive-Case Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Mild @entity9 improves the outcomes of @entity5 @entity0 after @entity6 . Its neuroprotective mechanism is not fully understood. We investigated the effects of mild @entity9 on @entity4 and cerebral @entity1 extraction ratio. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity2 were randomized into the @entity7 ( @entity7 ), normothermic group (NT) or the sham control group. @entity8 was electrically induced and untreated for 8 mins, followed by 8 mins of precordial compressions and mechanical ventilations. The core temperature in the @entity7 group was reduced to 33  0.5  C at 14 mins after ROSC with a combination of ice packs, an electrical fan and a cooling blanket. The temperature was maintained at 33  C for 8hrs. Hemodynamics, @entity3 and @entity4 were measured at baseline, 2, 4 and 8hrs after ROSC. RESULTS: Microvascular flow index was significantly reduced in the NT and @entity7 groups when compared with the SC group. A significant lesser reduction in microvascular flow index was observed in the @entity7 group when compared with the NT group. Mild @entity9 reduced the cerebral @entity1 extraction ratio after resuscitation when compared with the NT group. CONCLUSION: Mild @entity9 improves the cerebral cortex microcirculatory blood supply/ @entity1 uptake mismatching after resuscitation. This may provide an additional cerebral protection.

title: Mild @entity9 preserves XXXX after resuscitation in a @entity2 model of @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Mild @entity9 improves the outcomes of @entity5 @entity0 after @entity6 . Its neuroprotective mechanism is not fully understood. We investigated the effects of mild @entity9 on @entity4 and cerebral @entity1 extraction ratio. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity2 were randomized into the @entity7 ( @entity7 ), normothermic group (NT) or the sham control group. @entity8 was electrically induced and untreated for 8 mins, followed by 8 mins of precordial compressions and mechanical ventilations. The core temperature in the @entity7 group was reduced to 33  0.5  C at 14 mins after ROSC with a combination of ice packs, an electrical fan and a cooling blanket. The temperature was maintained at 33  C for 8hrs. Hemodynamics, @entity3 and @entity4 were measured at baseline, 2, 4 and 8hrs after ROSC. RESULTS: Microvascular flow index was significantly reduced in the NT and @entity7 groups when compared with the SC group. A significant lesser reduction in microvascular flow index was observed in the @entity7 group when compared with the NT group. Mild @entity9 reduced the cerebral @entity1 extraction ratio after resuscitation when compared with the NT group. CONCLUSION: Mild @entity9 improves the cerebral cortex microcirculatory blood supply/ @entity1 uptake mismatching after resuscitation. This may provide an additional cerebral protection.

title: Mild XXXX preserves @entity4 after resuscitation in a @entity2 model of @entity6 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Mild @entity9 improves the outcomes of @entity5 @entity0 after @entity6 . Its neuroprotective mechanism is not fully understood. We investigated the effects of mild @entity9 on @entity4 and cerebral @entity1 extraction ratio. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity2 were randomized into the @entity7 ( @entity7 ), normothermic group (NT) or the sham control group. @entity8 was electrically induced and untreated for 8 mins, followed by 8 mins of precordial compressions and mechanical ventilations. The core temperature in the @entity7 group was reduced to 33  0.5  C at 14 mins after ROSC with a combination of ice packs, an electrical fan and a cooling blanket. The temperature was maintained at 33  C for 8hrs. Hemodynamics, @entity3 and @entity4 were measured at baseline, 2, 4 and 8hrs after ROSC. RESULTS: Microvascular flow index was significantly reduced in the NT and @entity7 groups when compared with the SC group. A significant lesser reduction in microvascular flow index was observed in the @entity7 group when compared with the NT group. Mild @entity9 reduced the cerebral @entity1 extraction ratio after resuscitation when compared with the NT group. CONCLUSION: Mild @entity9 improves the cerebral cortex microcirculatory blood supply/ @entity1 uptake mismatching after resuscitation. This may provide an additional cerebral protection.

title: Mild @entity9 preserves @entity4 after resuscitation in a @entity2 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Mild @entity9 improves the outcomes of @entity5 @entity0 after @entity6 . Its neuroprotective mechanism is not fully understood. We investigated the effects of mild @entity9 on @entity4 and cerebral @entity1 extraction ratio. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity2 were randomized into the @entity7 ( @entity7 ), normothermic group (NT) or the sham control group. @entity8 was electrically induced and untreated for 8 mins, followed by 8 mins of precordial compressions and mechanical ventilations. The core temperature in the @entity7 group was reduced to 33  0.5  C at 14 mins after ROSC with a combination of ice packs, an electrical fan and a cooling blanket. The temperature was maintained at 33  C for 8hrs. Hemodynamics, @entity3 and @entity4 were measured at baseline, 2, 4 and 8hrs after ROSC. RESULTS: Microvascular flow index was significantly reduced in the NT and @entity7 groups when compared with the SC group. A significant lesser reduction in microvascular flow index was observed in the @entity7 group when compared with the NT group. Mild @entity9 reduced the cerebral @entity1 extraction ratio after resuscitation when compared with the NT group. CONCLUSION: Mild @entity9 improves the cerebral cortex microcirculatory blood supply/ @entity1 uptake mismatching after resuscitation. This may provide an additional cerebral protection.

title: Mild @entity9 preserves @entity4 after resuscitation in a XXXX model of @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 and @entity3 are the two major forms of @entity1 ; treatment strategies have historically been determined by this binary categorisation. Genetic studies have identified 163 susceptibility loci for @entity1 , mostly shared between @entity2 and @entity3 . We undertook the largest genotype association study, to date, in widely used clinical subphenotypes of @entity1 with the goal of further understanding the biological relations between diseases. METHODS: This study included @entity0 from 49 centres in 16 countries in Europe, North America, and Australasia. We applied the Montreal classification system of @entity1 subphenotypes to 34   819 @entity0 (19   713 with @entity2 , 14   683 with @entity3 ) genotyped on the Immunochip array. We tested for genotype-phenotype associations across 156   154 genetic variants. We generated genetic risk scores by combining information from all known @entity1 associations to summarise the total load of genetic risk for a particular phenotype. We used these risk scores to test the hypothesis that @entity2 , @entity2 , and @entity3 are all genetically distinct from each other, and to attempt to identify @entity0 with a mismatch between clinical diagnosis and genetic risk profile. FINDINGS: After quality control, the primary analysis included 29   838 @entity0 (16   902 with @entity2 , 12   597 with @entity3 ). Three loci ( @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity7 3 @entity4 ) were associated with subphenotypes of @entity1 , mainly disease location (essentially fixed over time; median follow-up of 10  5 years). Little or no genetic association with disease behaviour (which changed dramatically over time) remained after conditioning on disease location and age at onset. The genetic risk score representing all known risk alleles for @entity1 showed strong association with disease subphenotype (p=1  65   *   10(-78)), even after exclusion of @entity6 , @entity5 , and 3p21 (p=9  23   *   10(-18)). Predictive models based on the genetic risk score strongly distinguished colonic from @entity2 . Our genetic risk score could also identify a small number of @entity0 with discrepant genetic risk profiles who were significantly more likely to have a revised diagnosis after follow-up (p=6  8   *   10(-4)). INTERPRETATION: Our data support a continuum of @entity1 , much better explained by three groups ( @entity2 , @entity2 , and @entity3 ) than by @entity2 and @entity3 as currently defined. Disease location is an intrinsic aspect of a @entity0 's disease, in part genetically determined, and the major driver to changes in disease behaviour over time. FUNDING: International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium members funding sources (see Acknowledgments for full list).

title: Inherited determinants of Crohn's disease and XXXX phenotypes: a genetic association study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity0 , @entity1 before and during pregnancy is associated with both @entity7 and growth restriction, and long-term cardiovascular risk in the offspring. We aimed to determine whether overweighted pregnant @entity2 sows results in an increased fetal weight at term and the effects on the vascular reactivity in fetal systemic and umbilical arteries. Pregnant @entity2 were classified as control (n=4) or high weight (HWS, n=5) according to their pre-mating weight, and their fetuses extracted at 0.9 gestation (~60 days). Segments of fetal femoral and umbilical arteries were mounted in a wire myograph, where the contractile response to @entity8 (5-125 mM), and the relaxation to @entity3 synthase-dependent agents (insulin, 10-10-10-7 and @entity4 , 10-10-10-5) and @entity3 [ @entity5 ( @entity6 ), 10-10-10-5] were determined. Fetuses from HWS (HWSF) were grouped according to their body weight as low (85 g) fetal weight, based on the confidence interval (76.5-84.9 g) of the control group. No HWSF were observed in the normal range. Umbilical arteries from HWSF showed a lower response to @entity8 and insulin compared with controls, but a comparable response with @entity6 . Conversely, femoral arteries from HWSF showed an increased response to @entity8 and @entity4 , along with a decreased sensitivity to @entity6 . These data show that overweight sows have altered fetal growth along gestation. Further, large and small fetuses from obese @entity2 sows showed altered vascular reactivity at umbilical and systemic vessels, which potentially associates with long-term cardiovascular risk.

title: Pre-gestational overweight in XXXX sows induces fetal vascular dysfunction and increased rate of large and small fetuses.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Healing in cancellous metaphyseal bone might be different from midshaft @entity1 healing due to different access to mesenchymal stem cells, and because metaphyseal bone often heals without a cartilaginous phase. @entity0 plays an important role in the healing of a shaft @entity1 , but if metaphyseal injury is different, it is important to clarify if the role of @entity0 is also different. The biology of @entity1 healing is also influenced by the degree of mechanical stability. It is unclear if @entity0 interacts with stability-related factors. METHODS: We investigated the role of @entity0 in three different models: a metaphyseal screw pull-out, a shaft @entity1 with unstable nailing (IM-nail) and a stable external fixation (ExFix) model. For each, half of the animals received @entity2 to reduce @entity0 , and half received control injections. Mechanical and morphometric evaluation was used. RESULTS: As expected, @entity2 had a strong inhibitory effect on the healing of unstable, but also stable, shaft @entity1 . In contrast, @entity2 tended to increase the mechanical strength of metaphyseal bone regenerated under stable conditions. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that @entity2 has different effects on metaphyseal and diaphyseal bone healing. This could be explained by the different role of @entity0 at different sites of injury. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2015;4:170-175.

title: Glucocorticoids inhibit shaft XXXX healing but not metaphyseal bone regeneration under stable mechanical conditions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the recurrent rate, mean survival time, and risk factors associated with recurrent @entity3 (BK) after primary treatment with phototherapeutic keratectomy. METHODS: Medical records from 72 @entity0 (72 eyes) who had phototherapeutic keratectomy for painful BK were evaluated. Data for sex, age, duration of BK, associated ocular and @entity4 ( @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity8 , @entity6 , @entity9 , and @entity5 ), frequency and degree of @entity3 (grade 1-3), visual acuity, corneal thickness, intraocular pressure, and laser setting were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity0 was 64.2  11.4 years. The mean preoperative duration of BK was 15.0  11.0 months. Most @entity0 had pseudophakic BK (69.40%). Majority of the cases had grade 3 degree of @entity3 (48.60%). @entity7 and @entity2 were markedly found among these @entity0 (51.40% and 19.40%, respectively). Preoperative mean intraocular pressure and corneal thickness were 13.70  4.95 mmHg and 734.1  83.80   m, respectively. The mean laser diameter and depth were 8.36  1.22 mm and 38.89  8.81   m, respectively. @entity4 was significantly associated with the risk for developing recurrent painful BK (P=0.022, hazard ratio [HR] 1.673, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-2.58). The overall recurrent rate was 51%. The average duration time of recurrent painful BK was 17.3  12.9 months (range 1-50 months). The median survival time before recurrence was 29.0  6.6 months. CONCLUSION: @entity4 was found to be the only risk factor significantly associated with the development of recurrent painful BK. Low recurrent rate and long mean survival time showed that phototherapeutic keratectomy was effective in relieving recurrent painful BK and can be used as an alternative procedure for @entity0 waiting for corneal transplantation.

title: Recurrent rates and risk factors associated with recurrent XXXX after primary phototherapeutic keratectomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many older @entity0 presenting to emergency departments (EDs) with @entity1 complaints require admission to geropsychiatric units (GPUs). The medical evaluation needed prior to this is not understood. Our goal was to understand @entity7 evaluation practices for @entity0 admitted to the GPU through the @entity7 and understand the medical problems identified after admission. METHODS: Via retrospective chart review, we abstracted demographics, medical history, @entity7 complaint, evaluation, length of stay, and diagnosis. The number of @entity0 later transferred from the GPU and the reasons for such transfers were also recorded. RESULTS: Of 100 @entity0 reviewed, the average age was 78 years. Admission diagnoses were @entity6 / @entity2 (30%), @entity4 /suicidal ideation (28%), change in mental status/ @entity5 (12%) and other (30%). Most had at least one prior @entity1 and medical diagnosis (77%, 60%). Common @entity7 tests ordered were basic metabolic panel (BMP) (96%), complete blood count (CBC) (94%), urinalysis (UA) (89%), electrocardiogram (EKG) (69%), @entity3 level (62%), urine toxicology (61%), chest X-ray (51%), and CT scan of the head (71%). Abnormal findings included urinalysis (24.7%), CBC (23.4%), toxicology (23%), BMP (21.9%), head CT (21.1%), chest X-ray (13.7%), ECG changes (10.1%), and @entity3 (4.8%). Five of the 100 GPU admissions were later transferred to a medical floor. CONCLUSION: Most GPU admissions have previous @entity1 and medical issues and are admitted for @entity6 / @entity2 or @entity4 /suicidal ideation. A certain percentage of @entity0 are transferred out due to medical issues despite @entity7 evaluation. However, it is unlikely that further @entity7 testing would reduce this percentage. Further research of medical screening for geropsychiatric @entity0 may elucidate ideal medical clearance procedures.

title: Characterization of Older Emergency Department XXXX Admitted to Psychiatric Units.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Background. Laparoscopic hysterectomies are increasingly popular; a morcellation device is often used. Although there are some clear benefits, morcellation of tissue does have potential risks. Case Presentation. In this case report we present a 55-year-old @entity0 with an @entity1 4 years after a laparoscopic hysterectomy using a morcellation device. Postoperative histological analysis, compromised by morcellated tissue, showed @entity3 . Because of the @entity1 no follow-up was performed. The @entity0 presented now with an @entity1 , and she was scheduled for surgical @entity1 . During abdominal surgery the @entity1 appeared malignant and biopsies were taken. Histological analysis showed @entity2 , and the @entity0 was referred to a third care centre for further treatment. The @entity0 recovered quickly after abdominal @entity1 ; however, after 7 months the @entity0 had complaints and a CT scan showed a large @entity1 with possible lung metastasis. The @entity0 received palliative chemotherapy and died after 10 months. Conclusion. This case shows that although unexpected after a hysterectomy, a @entity2 has to be considered in case of a suspect @entity1 in the lower abdomen.

title: Unexpected XXXX 4 Years after Laparoscopic Removal of the Uterus Using Morcellation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 Care in American Samoa (DCAS) was a randomized controlled trial of a 12-month intervention facilitated by @entity2 ( @entity2 ) that demonstrated improved HbA1c levels compared with usual care at trial completion. We sought to evaluate the long-term impact of this intervention on @entity1 control. METHODS: We retrospectively collected HbA1c measurements from medical records of DCAS @entity0 (n = 268). The study group received the intervention during the trial, and the control group received the intervention after the trial. We used mixed-effects longitudinal regression models to assess change in @entity3 c within each trial arm during 3 time periods: DCAS (12 months of the study group's intervention), the first year after DCAS (control group's intervention), and the second year after DCAS. Models were adjusted for baseline characteristics that differed significantly for @entity0 with a low number of HbA1c measurements from those with a high number of @entity3 c measurements. RESULTS: After adjustment for confounders, the experiment group experienced a decrease in @entity3 c of 0.28 units per year (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.64 to 0.07) during DCAS (intervention). HbA1c decreased by 0.88 units per year (95% CI, -1.31 to -0.45) during the year after the intervention. No significant change was observed the following year. HbA1c of the control group did not significantly change during DCAS (usual care) but decreased by 1.31 units per year (95% CI, -1.72 to -0.91) during its intervention. During the year after the control group's intervention, HbA1c increased by 1.18 units per year (95% CI, 0.42 to 1.93). CONCLUSION: Both groups had initial improvements in glycemic control, but HbA1c later plateaued or increased. These results suggest that time-limited CHW programs improve @entity1 control in the short term, but ongoing programs are needed for sustained impact.

title: Long-Term Impact of a Community Health Worker Intervention on XXXX Control in American Samoa.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the in  vitro characteristics of Tenon's capsule fibroblasts from @entity0 and adults that may be relevant to filtration surgery success. METHODS: Fibroblast cell lines derived from 5 young (median @entity0 age, 2.4  years) and 7 old (median @entity0 age, 71 years) discarded Tenon's capsule surgical specimens were used at early passage (P2-P3). Fibroblasts were plated at "high" (10(4)cells/cm(2)) or "low" density (10(3)cells/cm(2)) and harvested at days 0-14, for growth curve and doubling time comparisons. Migration was measured using a wound model (confluent monolayers    @entity3 [ @entity3 ] over 1-96 hours). Collagen synthesis was measured as secreted @entity1 /24 hours from confluent monolayers. RESULTS: At low density, "young" fibroblasts achieved higher cell numbers at confluence (day 14) compared with "old": 158    35 versus 105    12 * 10(3)cells/cm(2) (P = 0.0034). Mean doubling time for young versus old was similar at low density plating: 20.95    1.55 versus 22.37    2.09 hours (P = 0.26). It was shorter, however, for young versus old at high-density plating: 42.11    6.01 versus 54.26    4.24 hours (P = 0.0051). Wound closure rates were similar for young versus old cells (4 lines for each group) with and without @entity3 . Collagen synthesis was similar for young and old (4 lines for each group). CONCLUSIONS: Although young fibroblasts reached higher density than old at confluence and had shorter doubling times at high-density plating, wound closure/migration and collagen synthesis rates were similar. Despite the preliminary nature of this study (few specimens, limited cell features explored), factors besides those intrinsic to the fibroblasts themselves likely mediate the more rapid healing/scarring after @entity2 filtration surgery in @entity0 .

title: In  vitro characteristics of Tenon's fibroblast lines derived from pediatric and adult eyes do not fully explain pediatric XXXX : a  preliminary report.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Intranasal @entity3 ( @entity4 ) and oral @entity2 ( @entity0 ) were administered to nine research volunteers during daily experimental sessions. Following the determination of baseline cardiovascular indexes, an @entity0 cocktail (0, 19.4, 38.7, or 58.1 g of @entity0 in lemonade) was consumed over a ten-minute period. @entity3 (4, 48, 96 mg) was inhaled 25 minutes after the start of @entity0 drinking. Breath samples were collected 50 minutes after the start of @entity0 drinking to estimate blood @entity0 level (BAL). The effect of these doses, alone and in combination, on @entity1 (BP), while resting and while performing a serial acquisition task, were determined. @entity4 and @entity0 alone significantly increased HR up to 6 bpm without affecting BP. Combining the two highest doses of @entity4 with the highest BAL increased HR by 20 bpm. During task performance, in the absence of drug, HR was increased up to 5 bpm, and BP was unchanged. Combining the highest @entity4 dose and BAL with task performance increased HR by 40 bpm. Small increases in BP were also observed under these conditions. These results indicate that combinations of @entity0 , @entity4 and task performance produce greater increases in HR than BP, and, in addition, this increase in HR is greater than that observed following @entity4 , @entity0 , or task performance alone.

title: @entity2 and XXXX interactions in humans: cardiovascular consequences.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Intranasal @entity3 ( @entity4 ) and oral @entity2 ( @entity0 ) were administered to nine research volunteers during daily experimental sessions. Following the determination of baseline cardiovascular indexes, an @entity0 cocktail (0, 19.4, 38.7, or 58.1 g of @entity0 in lemonade) was consumed over a ten-minute period. @entity3 (4, 48, 96 mg) was inhaled 25 minutes after the start of @entity0 drinking. Breath samples were collected 50 minutes after the start of @entity0 drinking to estimate blood @entity0 level (BAL). The effect of these doses, alone and in combination, on @entity1 (BP), while resting and while performing a serial acquisition task, were determined. @entity4 and @entity0 alone significantly increased HR up to 6 bpm without affecting BP. Combining the two highest doses of @entity4 with the highest BAL increased HR by 20 bpm. During task performance, in the absence of drug, HR was increased up to 5 bpm, and BP was unchanged. Combining the highest @entity4 dose and BAL with task performance increased HR by 40 bpm. Small increases in BP were also observed under these conditions. These results indicate that combinations of @entity0 , @entity4 and task performance produce greater increases in HR than BP, and, in addition, this increase in HR is greater than that observed following @entity4 , @entity0 , or task performance alone.

title: XXXX and @entity3 interactions in humans: cardiovascular consequences.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Clinical complications of atherosclerosis are almost exclusively linked to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque. @entity2 -dependent dendritic cells specialize in cross-presentation of necrotic tissue-derived epitopes to directly activate cytolytic CD8 Tcells. The mature plaque (necrotic, containing dendritic cells and CD8 Tcells) could offer the ideal environment for cross-presentation, resulting in cytotoxic immunity and plaque destabilization. Ldlr(-/-) @entity0 were transplanted with @entity2 (-/-) or wt bone marrow and put on a western type diet. Hematopoietic @entity2 deficiency sharply decreased @entity1 (+) DC numbers in spleen and lymph nodes (>80%; P   <   0,001). Concordantly, @entity2 (-/-) chimeras had a 75% reduction in OT-I cross-priming capacity in vivo. @entity2 (-/-) chimeric @entity0 did not show lower Tcell or other leukocyte subset numbers. Despite dampened cross-presentation capacity, @entity2 (-/-) chimeras had equal atherosclerosis burden in aortic arch and root. Likewise, @entity2 (-/-) chimeras and wt @entity0 revealed no differences in parameters of plaque stability: plaque Tcell infiltration, cell death, collagen composition, and macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell content were unchanged. These results show that @entity1 (+) DC loss in hyperlipidemic @entity0 profoundly reduces cross-priming ability, nevertheless it does not influence lesion development. Taken together, we clearly demonstrate that @entity1 (+) DC-mediated cross-presentation does not significantly contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation and stability.

title: Ablation of XXXX (+) dendritic cell mediated cross-presentation does not impact atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Clinical complications of atherosclerosis are almost exclusively linked to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque. @entity2 -dependent dendritic cells specialize in cross-presentation of necrotic tissue-derived epitopes to directly activate cytolytic CD8 Tcells. The mature plaque (necrotic, containing dendritic cells and CD8 Tcells) could offer the ideal environment for cross-presentation, resulting in cytotoxic immunity and plaque destabilization. Ldlr(-/-) @entity0 were transplanted with @entity2 (-/-) or wt bone marrow and put on a western type diet. Hematopoietic @entity2 deficiency sharply decreased @entity1 (+) DC numbers in spleen and lymph nodes (>80%; P   <   0,001). Concordantly, @entity2 (-/-) chimeras had a 75% reduction in OT-I cross-priming capacity in vivo. @entity2 (-/-) chimeric @entity0 did not show lower Tcell or other leukocyte subset numbers. Despite dampened cross-presentation capacity, @entity2 (-/-) chimeras had equal atherosclerosis burden in aortic arch and root. Likewise, @entity2 (-/-) chimeras and wt @entity0 revealed no differences in parameters of plaque stability: plaque Tcell infiltration, cell death, collagen composition, and macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell content were unchanged. These results show that @entity1 (+) DC loss in hyperlipidemic @entity0 profoundly reduces cross-priming ability, nevertheless it does not influence lesion development. Taken together, we clearly demonstrate that @entity1 (+) DC-mediated cross-presentation does not significantly contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation and stability.

title: Ablation of @entity1 (+) dendritic cell mediated cross-presentation does not impact atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We assessed the utility of noninvasive methods for clinical decision-making in @entity1 . We compared the results from magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), carotid ultrasound (CUS), and conventional carotid angiography (CCA) for 39 arteries. Noninvasive studies were graded by a 5-point diameter scale. Conventional angiograms were evaluated for percent @entity2 using the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial criteria and diameter of residual lumen by caliper. Agreement was 64% between MRA and CCA, 72% between CUS and CCA, and 77% between MRA and CUS. For vessels measuring greater than 60% @entity2 by CCA, sensitivity was 100% for both MRA and CUS. Specificities were 65% (MRA) and 71% (CUS), reflecting the tendency for MRA and CUS to overestimate @entity2 . MRA and CUS correlated with residual lumen, even in some cases where they disagreed with the percent @entity2 . We conclude that @entity0 with normal arteries or mild @entity2 as determined by MRA and CUS may be excluded from further evaluation, whereas @entity0 with highergrade lesions should be evaluated with CCA prior to consideration for surgery. Close correlation between the results of MRA and CUS, as well as their apparent correlation with residual lumen, suggests that MRA and CUS may more accurately reflect carotid flow than does calculated percent @entity2 .

title: Utility of magnetic resonance angiography and carotid ultrasound in the evaluation of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The results of unenhanced computed tomography (CT) obtained in 105 consecutive @entity0 admitted with @entity1 were compared with the @entity0 ' clinical outcome and their Glasgow Outcome Scores upon discharge. Specific analysis of the findings in @entity0 with early admission CT (within 12 h of onset) was carried out. The size of the @entity2 was calculated from delayed CT images (small if less than 50 mm(3); moderate if 50-250 mm(3); large if greater than 250 mm(3)). Initial CT demonstration of the @entity1 was accomplished in 57 (54.3%) @entity0 . Forty @entity0 were studied early (<12h) and, of these, 20 (50%) showed abnormal admission CT. The size of the @entity2 correlated with its demonstration by admission CT. This correlation was found in all @entity0 (p < 0.0001), as well as in those who had early CT (p = 0.015). Also, the size of the @entity2 correlated with the outcome of the @entity0 (p < 0.001). The demonstration of the lesion by early CT, however, failed to correlate with the outcome of the @entity0 . This finding, although at first surprising, is analogous to reports addressing the predictive value of other CT parameters.

title: Early computed tomography demonstration of XXXX does not correlate with clinical outcome.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) results in a significant reduction in both margin involvement and excision volumes (COBALT trial). OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether @entity0 also leads to improvements in cosmetic outcome and @entity1 satisfaction when compared with standard @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: A total of 134 @entity1 with T1-T2 @entity0 were included in the COBALT trial (NTR2579) and randomized to either @entity0 (65 @entity1 ) or @entity2 (69 @entity1 ). Cosmetic outcomes were assessed by a three-member panel using computerized software Breast Cancer Conservative Treatment cosmetic results (BCCT.core) and by @entity1 self-evaluation, including @entity1 satisfaction. Time points for follow-up were 3, 6, and 12  months after surgery. Overall cosmetic outcome and @entity1 satisfaction were scored on a 4-point Likert scale (excellent, good, fair, or poor), and outcomes were analyzed using a multilevel, mixed effect, proportional odds model for ordinal responses. RESULTS: @entity0 achieved better cosmetic outcomes, with 20  % excellence overall and only 6  % rated as poor, whereas 14  % of @entity2 outcomes were rated excellent and 13  % as poor. @entity0 also had consistently lower odds for worse cosmetic outcomes (odds ratio 0.55, p  =  0.067) than @entity2 . The chance of having a worse outcome was significantly increased by a larger lumpectomy volume (p trend  =  0.002); a volume >40  cc showed odds 2.78-fold higher for a worse outcome than a volume  <=40  cc. @entity0 resulted in higher @entity1 satisfaction compared with @entity2 . CONCLUSION: @entity0 achieved better overall cosmetic outcomes and @entity1 satisfaction than @entity2 . Lumpectomy volumes  >40  cc resulted in significantly worse cosmetic outcomes.

title: Intraoperative Ultrasound Guidance in Breast-Conserving Surgery Improves Cosmetic Outcomes and XXXX Satisfaction: Results of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (COBALT).

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary @entity14 is a rare variant of primary @entity4 for which the optimum treatment strategy remains unknown. METHODS: We performed a retrospective single-center study including @entity0 who underwent uniform management from October 2007 in which @entity0 were offered sequential rituximab, @entity9 , @entity13 , and @entity10 (R- @entity15 ) followed by binocular radiotherapy and consolidative high-dose @entity12 . RESULTS: Eleven @entity0 with median age 66 years (range, 48-72) were included. All @entity0 received binocular radiotherapy to a median dose of 36 Gy (range, 30.6-39.6) in 20 fractions. Grade 3+ @entity3 , @entity5 , and @entity8 occurred in 1 (9%), 2 (18%), and 3 (27%) @entity0 , respectively; raised @entity6 and @entity11 occurred in 4 (36%) and 3 (27%) @entity0 , respectively. Grade 3+ ocular @entity1 included @entity2 formation and @entity7 in 6 (54%) and 3 (27%) @entity0 , respectively. Ten @entity0 (91%) achieved complete response and 1 (9%) partial response. After median follow-up of 4.2 years (range, 1.8-7.6), the median progression-free survival was 3.8 years and the estimated 4-year overall survival was 75.8% (95% CI: 30.5%-93.7%). The initial site of disease progression was the CNS in 4 of 7 @entity0 (57%) and within the eye in 3 of 7 (43%). Five @entity0 achieved responses to salvage therapies. CONCLUSIONS: Combined modality treatment with R- @entity15 , binocular radiation, and high-dose @entity12 is effective with moderate @entity1 . Both local and CNS relapses occur; however, the achievement of second and subsequent remissions is possible.

title: Intensive chemoimmunotherapy and bilateral globe irradiation as initial therapy for primary XXXX .

answer: @entity14


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity4 ), a widely used antiepileptic drug, has a narrow therapeutic range of 50-100  g/mL and shows large individual variability. It is very important to monitor the trough concentration of @entity4 using a reliable method. Therefore the aim of this study was to develop and validate a rapid @entity5 ( @entity5 ) method for quantification of @entity4 in human serum and to compare with fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) methods METHODS:: The method included the extraction of @entity4 in serum by deproteinization with @entity2 . The analysis was carried out using a EC-C18 column (2.7  m, 4.6 mm*50 mm) under isocratic conditions with a mobile phase of @entity2 /water (containing 0.1% @entity6 ) (45/55, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer using an electrospary probe in the negative ionization mode. The method was validated by studies of selectivity, linearity, lower limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effect and stability. Furthermore, all the four methods including FPIA, CMIA and @entity3 were subsequently used to assay the @entity4 concentration in 498 clinical serum samples collected from @entity0 received @entity4 . These methods were compared by Deming regression and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: The retention time of @entity4 was 2.09 minutes. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 1-200  g/mL, with a lower limit of quantification of 1  g/mL. The inter- and intra-day precision (RSD %) was less than 4.6 % and 4.5 %, respectively, and the accuracy (RE %) was below 7.9 %. The recoveries and matrix effect of @entity4 at concentrations of 2, 50 and 160  g/mL met the requirement for the analysis of biological samples. No obvious degradation of @entity4 was observed under various storage conditions including room temperature for 12h, three freeze-thaw cycles and -20  C for 3 month. Regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficients for the @entity5 versus FPIA, CMIA, and @entity3 were 0.989, 0.988 and 0.987 respectively. The results of agreement tests between @entity5 and other methods showed that the mean difference of @entity5 and FPIA was -1.4   g/mL and 95% confidence interval of -7.7 to 4.9   g/mL, and the values for @entity5 and CMIA were -0.8   g/mL and -7.5 to 5.8   g/mL, for @entity5 and @entity3 were 1.1   g/mL and -5.7 to 7.9   g/mL. CONCLUSION: The rapid @entity5 method we developed showed a good analytical performance required for TDM, leading to potential improvements in @entity0 care and laboratory management. Compared to the FPIA, CMIA and @entity3 methods, the @entity5 method correlated well and displayed comparable @entity4 concentrations.

title: Development and validation of a simple and rapid @entity5 assay for XXXX and its comparison to Immunoassay and @entity3 methods.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity4 ), a widely used antiepileptic drug, has a narrow therapeutic range of 50-100  g/mL and shows large individual variability. It is very important to monitor the trough concentration of @entity4 using a reliable method. Therefore the aim of this study was to develop and validate a rapid @entity5 ( @entity5 ) method for quantification of @entity4 in human serum and to compare with fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) methods METHODS:: The method included the extraction of @entity4 in serum by deproteinization with @entity2 . The analysis was carried out using a EC-C18 column (2.7  m, 4.6 mm*50 mm) under isocratic conditions with a mobile phase of @entity2 /water (containing 0.1% @entity6 ) (45/55, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer using an electrospary probe in the negative ionization mode. The method was validated by studies of selectivity, linearity, lower limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effect and stability. Furthermore, all the four methods including FPIA, CMIA and @entity3 were subsequently used to assay the @entity4 concentration in 498 clinical serum samples collected from @entity0 received @entity4 . These methods were compared by Deming regression and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: The retention time of @entity4 was 2.09 minutes. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 1-200  g/mL, with a lower limit of quantification of 1  g/mL. The inter- and intra-day precision (RSD %) was less than 4.6 % and 4.5 %, respectively, and the accuracy (RE %) was below 7.9 %. The recoveries and matrix effect of @entity4 at concentrations of 2, 50 and 160  g/mL met the requirement for the analysis of biological samples. No obvious degradation of @entity4 was observed under various storage conditions including room temperature for 12h, three freeze-thaw cycles and -20  C for 3 month. Regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficients for the @entity5 versus FPIA, CMIA, and @entity3 were 0.989, 0.988 and 0.987 respectively. The results of agreement tests between @entity5 and other methods showed that the mean difference of @entity5 and FPIA was -1.4   g/mL and 95% confidence interval of -7.7 to 4.9   g/mL, and the values for @entity5 and CMIA were -0.8   g/mL and -7.5 to 5.8   g/mL, for @entity5 and @entity3 were 1.1   g/mL and -5.7 to 7.9   g/mL. CONCLUSION: The rapid @entity5 method we developed showed a good analytical performance required for TDM, leading to potential improvements in @entity0 care and laboratory management. Compared to the FPIA, CMIA and @entity3 methods, the @entity5 method correlated well and displayed comparable @entity4 concentrations.

title: Development and validation of a simple and rapid @entity5 assay for @entity1 and its comparison to Immunoassay and XXXX methods.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity4 ), a widely used antiepileptic drug, has a narrow therapeutic range of 50-100  g/mL and shows large individual variability. It is very important to monitor the trough concentration of @entity4 using a reliable method. Therefore the aim of this study was to develop and validate a rapid @entity5 ( @entity5 ) method for quantification of @entity4 in human serum and to compare with fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) methods METHODS:: The method included the extraction of @entity4 in serum by deproteinization with @entity2 . The analysis was carried out using a EC-C18 column (2.7  m, 4.6 mm*50 mm) under isocratic conditions with a mobile phase of @entity2 /water (containing 0.1% @entity6 ) (45/55, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer using an electrospary probe in the negative ionization mode. The method was validated by studies of selectivity, linearity, lower limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effect and stability. Furthermore, all the four methods including FPIA, CMIA and @entity3 were subsequently used to assay the @entity4 concentration in 498 clinical serum samples collected from @entity0 received @entity4 . These methods were compared by Deming regression and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: The retention time of @entity4 was 2.09 minutes. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 1-200  g/mL, with a lower limit of quantification of 1  g/mL. The inter- and intra-day precision (RSD %) was less than 4.6 % and 4.5 %, respectively, and the accuracy (RE %) was below 7.9 %. The recoveries and matrix effect of @entity4 at concentrations of 2, 50 and 160  g/mL met the requirement for the analysis of biological samples. No obvious degradation of @entity4 was observed under various storage conditions including room temperature for 12h, three freeze-thaw cycles and -20  C for 3 month. Regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficients for the @entity5 versus FPIA, CMIA, and @entity3 were 0.989, 0.988 and 0.987 respectively. The results of agreement tests between @entity5 and other methods showed that the mean difference of @entity5 and FPIA was -1.4   g/mL and 95% confidence interval of -7.7 to 4.9   g/mL, and the values for @entity5 and CMIA were -0.8   g/mL and -7.5 to 5.8   g/mL, for @entity5 and @entity3 were 1.1   g/mL and -5.7 to 7.9   g/mL. CONCLUSION: The rapid @entity5 method we developed showed a good analytical performance required for TDM, leading to potential improvements in @entity0 care and laboratory management. Compared to the FPIA, CMIA and @entity3 methods, the @entity5 method correlated well and displayed comparable @entity4 concentrations.

title: Development and validation of a simple and rapid XXXX assay for @entity1 and its comparison to Immunoassay and @entity3 methods.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: ICU-acquired @entity3 , comprised @entity5 and @entity1 , occurs in a significant proportion of @entity5 adults and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Little is known about ICU-acquired @entity3 among @entity5 @entity0 . We investigated the incidence of ICU-acquired @entity3 among PICUs participating in the Virtual PICU Systems database. We also sought to identify associated risk factors for ICU-acquired @entity3 and evaluate the hypothesis that ICU-acquired @entity3 is associated with poor clinical outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: PICU. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Virtual PICU System was queried for @entity5 and @entity1 between January 2009 and November 2013. Demographic, admission, and clinical outcome variables including mechanical ventilation days, PICU length of stay, and discharge disposition were analyzed. The Pediatric Index of Mortality-2 was used to evaluate and control for illness severity and risk of mortality. Among 203,875 admissions, there were 55 cases of @entity5 reported and no cases of @entity1 , resulting in an incidence of 0.02%. Mechanical ventilation days were higher among @entity0 with ICU-acquired @entity3 versus those who did not develop ICU-acquired @entity3 (31.6    28.9 vs 9.3    20.6; p < 0.001). In our multivariable analysis, when controlling for Pediatric Index of Mortality-2, ICU-acquired @entity3 was more frequently reported in those with admission diagnoses of @entity4 and @entity2 and the need for mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, extracorporeal life support, and tracheostomy. ICU-acquired @entity3 was associated with a longer PICU length of stay, episodes requiring mechanical ventilation, and discharge to an intermediate, chronic care, and rehabilitation care unit. ICU-acquired @entity3 was not independently associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: ICU-acquired @entity3 is uncommonly diagnosed among PICU @entity0 reported in Virtual PICU System. ICU-acquired @entity3 is associated with critical care therapies, invasive procedures, and resource utilization. Limitations of our retrospective study include underrecognition of ICU-acquired @entity3 and lack of standardized diagnostic criteria within Virtual PICU System. Prospective studies are needed to better understand the true incidence, risk factors, and clinical course for @entity0 who develop ICU-acquired @entity3 .

title: ICU-Acquired Weakness Is Associated With Differences in Clinical Outcomes in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: ICU-acquired @entity3 , comprised @entity5 and @entity1 , occurs in a significant proportion of @entity5 adults and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Little is known about ICU-acquired @entity3 among @entity5 @entity0 . We investigated the incidence of ICU-acquired @entity3 among PICUs participating in the Virtual PICU Systems database. We also sought to identify associated risk factors for ICU-acquired @entity3 and evaluate the hypothesis that ICU-acquired @entity3 is associated with poor clinical outcomes. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: PICU. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Virtual PICU System was queried for @entity5 and @entity1 between January 2009 and November 2013. Demographic, admission, and clinical outcome variables including mechanical ventilation days, PICU length of stay, and discharge disposition were analyzed. The Pediatric Index of Mortality-2 was used to evaluate and control for illness severity and risk of mortality. Among 203,875 admissions, there were 55 cases of @entity5 reported and no cases of @entity1 , resulting in an incidence of 0.02%. Mechanical ventilation days were higher among @entity0 with ICU-acquired @entity3 versus those who did not develop ICU-acquired @entity3 (31.6    28.9 vs 9.3    20.6; p < 0.001). In our multivariable analysis, when controlling for Pediatric Index of Mortality-2, ICU-acquired @entity3 was more frequently reported in those with admission diagnoses of @entity4 and @entity2 and the need for mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, extracorporeal life support, and tracheostomy. ICU-acquired @entity3 was associated with a longer PICU length of stay, episodes requiring mechanical ventilation, and discharge to an intermediate, chronic care, and rehabilitation care unit. ICU-acquired @entity3 was not independently associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: ICU-acquired @entity3 is uncommonly diagnosed among PICU @entity0 reported in Virtual PICU System. ICU-acquired @entity3 is associated with critical care therapies, invasive procedures, and resource utilization. Limitations of our retrospective study include underrecognition of ICU-acquired @entity3 and lack of standardized diagnostic criteria within Virtual PICU System. Prospective studies are needed to better understand the true incidence, risk factors, and clinical course for @entity0 who develop ICU-acquired @entity3 .

title: ICU-Acquired Weakness Is Associated With Differences in Clinical Outcomes in @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity4 )-based electrodes are promising candidates for energy storage, but their cycle life remains poor. Recent work suggests that secondary interactions may enhance @entity3 's electrochemical stability and cycle life, but evidence to date is not conclusive. Here, we investigate spray-assisted layer-by-layer assemblies containing @entity3 nanofibers ( @entity4 NFs) or conventional @entity4 and @entity0 ( @entity0 ), which provides @entity1 bonding and electrostatic interactions. This spray-on approach may be suitable for the deposition of @entity4 onto a variety of surfaces. The effects of @entity4 type, @entity0 pH, and @entity0 molecular weight on the growth behavior, conductivity, and electrochemical performance are examined. It is shown that LbL films with @entity4 NFs, higher molecular weight @entity0 , and lower @entity0 pH yield the thickest films, whereas the thinnest films come from conventional @entity4 assembled under similar conditions. Electron microscopy imaging and density measurements show that LbL films containing @entity4 NFs are very porous, whereas those containing conventional @entity4 are very dense (0.28 vs 1.33 g/cm(3), respectively). The difference in density dramatically affects the electrochemical properties in terms of capacity and long-term cycling behavior. Upon extended cycling, @entity4 NFs alone rapidly lose their electrochemical activity. On the other hand, @entity4 NF-based LbL films exhibited somewhat enhanced stability, and @entity4 -based LbL films were exceptionally stable, maintaining 94.7% of their capacity after 1000 cycles when cycled up to 4.2 V vs @entity2 / @entity2 . These results show that secondary interactions from @entity0 enhance stability, as does the selection of @entity4 type and the electrode's density.

title: Spray-On @entity3 / XXXX Electrodes with Enhanced Electrochemical Stability.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity4 )-based electrodes are promising candidates for energy storage, but their cycle life remains poor. Recent work suggests that secondary interactions may enhance @entity3 's electrochemical stability and cycle life, but evidence to date is not conclusive. Here, we investigate spray-assisted layer-by-layer assemblies containing @entity3 nanofibers ( @entity4 NFs) or conventional @entity4 and @entity0 ( @entity0 ), which provides @entity1 bonding and electrostatic interactions. This spray-on approach may be suitable for the deposition of @entity4 onto a variety of surfaces. The effects of @entity4 type, @entity0 pH, and @entity0 molecular weight on the growth behavior, conductivity, and electrochemical performance are examined. It is shown that LbL films with @entity4 NFs, higher molecular weight @entity0 , and lower @entity0 pH yield the thickest films, whereas the thinnest films come from conventional @entity4 assembled under similar conditions. Electron microscopy imaging and density measurements show that LbL films containing @entity4 NFs are very porous, whereas those containing conventional @entity4 are very dense (0.28 vs 1.33 g/cm(3), respectively). The difference in density dramatically affects the electrochemical properties in terms of capacity and long-term cycling behavior. Upon extended cycling, @entity4 NFs alone rapidly lose their electrochemical activity. On the other hand, @entity4 NF-based LbL films exhibited somewhat enhanced stability, and @entity4 -based LbL films were exceptionally stable, maintaining 94.7% of their capacity after 1000 cycles when cycled up to 4.2 V vs @entity2 / @entity2 . These results show that secondary interactions from @entity0 enhance stability, as does the selection of @entity4 type and the electrode's density.

title: Spray-On XXXX / @entity0 Electrodes with Enhanced Electrochemical Stability.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity3 is one of the most proficient cellulose degrading bacteria among all mesophilic organisms in the rumen of herbivores, the molecular mechanism behind cellulose degradation by this bacterium is not fully elucidated. Previous studies have indicated that cell surface proteins might play a role in adhesion to and subsequent degradation of cellulose in this bacterium. It has also been suggested that cellulose degradation machinery on the surface may be selectively expressed in response to the presence of cellulose. Based on the genome sequence, several models of cellulose degradation have been suggested. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of the cell envelope proteins in adhesion to cellulose and to gain a better understanding of the subsequent cellulose degradation mechanism in this bacterium. Comparative analysis of the surface (exposed outer membrane) chemistry of the cells grown in @entity1 , acid-swollen cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose using physico-chemical characterisation techniques such as electrophoretic mobility analysis, microbial adhesion to hydrocarbons assay and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, suggest that adhesion to cellulose is a consequence of an @entity0 and a concomitant reduction in the cell surface polysaccharides in the presence of cellulose. In order to gain further understanding of the molecular mechanism of cellulose degradation in this bacterium, the cell envelope-associated proteins were enriched using affinity purification and identified by tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 185 cell envelope-associated proteins were confidently identified. Of these, 25 proteins are predicted to be involved in cellulose adhesion and degradation, and 43 proteins are involved in solute transport and energy generation. Our results supports the model that cellulose degradation in @entity2 occurs at the outer membrane with active transport of cellodextrins across for further metabolism of @entity4 to @entity1 in the periplasmic space and inner cytoplasmic membrane.

title: Influence of Substrates on the Surface Characteristics and Membrane Proteome of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This case report (supplement registry study) evaluated subjects with @entity1 'stress' @entity3 of the hand mainly localized at the joints. The @entity0 received a suggestion to follow a rehabilitation plan (standard management; SM). A second group also used the same SM in association with the oral, pharma-standard supplement FlexiQule (Alchem) a new standardized, phytosomal preparation manufactured from the Boswellia plant, which can be used for self-management in inflammatory conditions (150 mg / 3 times daily). The two resulting registry groups included 12 subjects using SM+Flexiqule and and 11 controls (SM only). The groups were comparable. Serology showed no significant alterations: only ESR was slightly elevated (minimal elevation). After 2 weeks, the ESR was normal in the supplement group and mildly elevated in controls (p<0.05%). The decrease in hypertermic areas was greater/faster (p<0.05) in the supplement group. The identification of a working stress and the localization to the dominant hand was comparable in both groups. At 2 weeks, the decrease in @entity1 was significantly faster and more important with the supplement (p<0.05). The hand became more usable in time and the score was better with the supplement (p<0.05). No supplemented @entity0 had to use other drugs, while in the control group 3 subjects eventually used NSAIDs to control @entity1 and stiffness and one used @entity2 . In conclusion, the natural extract Flexiqule was effective in controlling work-related stress @entity3 (without inflamma  tory signs) over a 2 weeks period, better than only Standard Management. More prolonged and larger studies are needed.

title: Hand 'stress' XXXX in young subjects: effects of Flexiqule (pharma-standard Boswellia extract). A preliminary case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of @entity1 in treatment-na  ve postmenopausal @entity0 , their treatment adherence, and the risk factors for @entity1 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of bone density reports, a self-administered health checklist, and computerised consultation records. SETTING: Primary care sexual and reproductive health service in Hong Kong. @entity0 : Postmenopausal Chinese @entity0 who had never received @entity1 treatment or hormone replacement therapy. INTERVENTION: Each @entity0 completed a checklist of risk factors for @entity1 , menopause age, history of hormone replacement therapy, and @entity1 treatment prior to undergoing bone mineral density measurement at the postero-anterior lumbar spine and left femur. The consultation records of those with @entity1 were reviewed to determine their treatment adherence. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: T-score at the spine and hip, presence or absence of risk factors for @entity1 , and treatment adherence. RESULTS: Between January 2008 and December 2011, 1507 densitometries were performed for eligible @entity0 ; 51.6% of whom were diagnosed with @entity4 and 25.7% with @entity1 . The mean age of @entity0 with normal bone mineral density, @entity4 , and @entity1 was 57.0, 58.0, and 59.7 years, respectively. Approximately half of them had an inadequate dietary @entity3 intake, performed insufficient weight-bearing exercise, or had too little sun exposure. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, body mass index of <18.5 kg/m(2), parental history of @entity1 or @entity2 , and duration of menopause were significant risk factors for @entity1 . Among those with @entity1 , 42.9% refused treatment, 30.7% complied with treatment, and 26.3% discontinued treatment or defaulted from follow-up. Those who refused treatment were significantly older. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 is prevalent in postmenopausal @entity0 . Only 50% adopted primary prevention strategies. Almost 70% refused treatment or stopped prematurely.

title: Bone health status of postmenopausal Chinese XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Regular screening with colonoscopy lowers @entity1 incidence and mortality. We aimed to determine patterns of repeat and surveillance colonoscopy and identify factors associated with overuse and underuse of colonoscopy. METHODS: We analyzed data from @entity0 in a previous @entity2 ( @entity2 ) study who underwent outpatient colonoscopy at 25 @entity2 facilities between October 2007 and September 2008 (n  = 1455). The proportion of @entity0 who received a follow-up colonoscopy was calculated for 3 risk groups, which were defined on the basis of the index colonoscopy: no @entity3 , low-risk @entity3 , or high-risk @entity3 . RESULTS: Colonoscopy was overused (used more frequently than intervals recommended by guidelines) by 16% of @entity0 with no @entity3 , 26% with low-risk @entity3 , and 29% with high-risk @entity3 . Most @entity0 with high-risk @entity3 (54%) underwent colonoscopy after the recommended interval or did not undergo colonoscopy. @entity0 who received a follow-up recommendation that was discordant with guidelines were more likely to undergo colonoscopy too early (no @entity3 odds ratio [OR], 3.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.31-6.25 and low-risk @entity3 OR, 5.28; 95% CI, 1.88-14.83). Receipt of colonoscopy at nonacademic facilities was associated with overuse among @entity0 without @entity3 (OR, 5.26; 95% CI, 1.96-14.29) or with low-risk @entity3 (OR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.52-7.69). Performance of colonoscopies by general surgeons vs gastroenterologists (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.02-4.23) and female sex of the @entity0 (OR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.06-10.16) were associated with overuse of colonoscopy for @entity0 with low-risk @entity3 . No factors examined were associated with underuse of colonoscopy among @entity0 with high-risk @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: In an analysis of @entity0 in the @entity2 system, more than one fourth of @entity0 with low-risk @entity3 received follow-up colonoscopies too early, whereas more than one half of those with high-risk @entity3 did not undergo surveillance colonoscopy as recommended. Our findings highlight the need for system-level improvements to facilitate the appropriate delivery of colonoscopy that is based on individual risk.

title: Underuse and Overuse of Colonoscopy for Repeat Screening and Surveillance in the XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 show a high prevalence of @entity2 and tracheal aspiration of food. The videofluoroscopic study of swallowing (VFSS) allows clinicians to visualize the visuoperceptual and temporal parameters associated with @entity2 in an attempt to predict aspiration risk. However, this subject remains understudied in @entity1 populations. Our aim was to identify the predictors of penetration-aspiration in @entity1 @entity0 using the VFSS. Consecutive @entity0 were evaluated using VFSS with different consistencies and volumes of food. A speech-language pathologist measured the type of intra-oral bolus organization, loss of bolus control, bolus location at the initiation of the pharyngeal swallow, the presence of multiple swallows, @entity2 , bolus residue in the pharyngeal recesses and temporal measures. Scores  >= 3 on the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) indicated the occurrence of penetration-aspiration. Using logistic marginal regression, we found that residue in the vallecula, residue in the upper esophageal sphincter and @entity2 were associated with penetration-aspiration (odds ratio (OR)  =  4.09, 2.87 and 3.83; P  =  0.0040, 0.0071 and 0.0009, respectively). Penetration/aspiration occurred only with fluids (both of thin and thick consistency), and no significant differences were observed between fluid types or food volumes. The mechanisms underlying @entity2 and penetration/aspiration in @entity1 @entity0 and indications for further studies are discussed.

title: Videofluoroscopic Predictors of Penetration-Aspiration in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 show a high prevalence of @entity2 and tracheal aspiration of food. The videofluoroscopic study of swallowing (VFSS) allows clinicians to visualize the visuoperceptual and temporal parameters associated with @entity2 in an attempt to predict aspiration risk. However, this subject remains understudied in @entity1 populations. Our aim was to identify the predictors of penetration-aspiration in @entity1 @entity0 using the VFSS. Consecutive @entity0 were evaluated using VFSS with different consistencies and volumes of food. A speech-language pathologist measured the type of intra-oral bolus organization, loss of bolus control, bolus location at the initiation of the pharyngeal swallow, the presence of multiple swallows, @entity2 , bolus residue in the pharyngeal recesses and temporal measures. Scores  >= 3 on the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS) indicated the occurrence of penetration-aspiration. Using logistic marginal regression, we found that residue in the vallecula, residue in the upper esophageal sphincter and @entity2 were associated with penetration-aspiration (odds ratio (OR)  =  4.09, 2.87 and 3.83; P  =  0.0040, 0.0071 and 0.0009, respectively). Penetration/aspiration occurred only with fluids (both of thin and thick consistency), and no significant differences were observed between fluid types or food volumes. The mechanisms underlying @entity2 and penetration/aspiration in @entity1 @entity0 and indications for further studies are discussed.

title: Videofluoroscopic Predictors of Penetration-Aspiration in @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To survive in a changing environment plants constantly monitor their surroundings. In response to several stresses and during photorespiration plants use reactive @entity0 species as signaling molecules. The @entity1 @entity15 ( @entity15 ) mutant lacks a peroxisomal catalase and under photorespiratory conditions accumulates @entity4 , which leads to activation of cell death. METHODS: A @entity15 double mutant collection was generated through crossing and scored for cell death in different assays. Selected double mutants were further analyzed for photosynthetic performance and @entity4 accumulation. RESULTS: We used a targeted mutant analysis with more than 50 @entity15 double mutants to investigate the role of stress hormones and other defense regulators in @entity4 -mediated cell death. Several transcription factors ( @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity7 ), cell death regulators ( @entity14 , @entity13 ) and hormone regulators ( @entity9 , @entity16 , @entity12 , @entity11 , @entity10 ) were essential for execution of cell death in @entity15 . Genetic loci required for cell death in @entity15 was compared with regulators of cell death in spontaneous lesion mimic mutants and led to the identification of a core set of plant cell death regulators. Analysis of gene expression data from @entity15 and plants undergoing cell death revealed similar gene expression profiles, further supporting the existence of a common program for regulation of plant cell death. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide a genetic framework for further study on the role of @entity4 in regulation of cell death. The hormones @entity3 , @entity6 and auxin, as well as their interaction, are crucial determinants of cell death regulation.

title: A genetic framework for XXXX induced cell death in @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To survive in a changing environment plants constantly monitor their surroundings. In response to several stresses and during photorespiration plants use reactive @entity0 species as signaling molecules. The @entity1 @entity15 ( @entity15 ) mutant lacks a peroxisomal catalase and under photorespiratory conditions accumulates @entity4 , which leads to activation of cell death. METHODS: A @entity15 double mutant collection was generated through crossing and scored for cell death in different assays. Selected double mutants were further analyzed for photosynthetic performance and @entity4 accumulation. RESULTS: We used a targeted mutant analysis with more than 50 @entity15 double mutants to investigate the role of stress hormones and other defense regulators in @entity4 -mediated cell death. Several transcription factors ( @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity7 ), cell death regulators ( @entity14 , @entity13 ) and hormone regulators ( @entity9 , @entity16 , @entity12 , @entity11 , @entity10 ) were essential for execution of cell death in @entity15 . Genetic loci required for cell death in @entity15 was compared with regulators of cell death in spontaneous lesion mimic mutants and led to the identification of a core set of plant cell death regulators. Analysis of gene expression data from @entity15 and plants undergoing cell death revealed similar gene expression profiles, further supporting the existence of a common program for regulation of plant cell death. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide a genetic framework for further study on the role of @entity4 in regulation of cell death. The hormones @entity3 , @entity6 and auxin, as well as their interaction, are crucial determinants of cell death regulation.

title: A genetic framework for @entity4 induced cell death in XXXX .

answer: @entity1