abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 )and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in supraglottic, @entity2 , different distance surgical margins and lymphatic @entity0 ; to study the relationship of two molecular markers. METHOD: Expression of elF4E and @entity3 in @entity2 and different margins were detected by HE-stained, routine pathological section, immunohistochemical SP method and image analysis. RESULT: (1) Immunohistochemical staining for @entity3 was performed with a monoclonal anti- @entity3 antibody. The positive expression rate was 68. 4 % . There was significant difference between lymph node @entity0 and no lymph node @entity0 , but there was no significant difference between @entity5 or @entity6 ( P >0. 05). There was no significant difference between @entity3 and @entity2 position,pathology grade ( P> 0. 05). Positive expression rate of @entity3 was @entity1 , 5 mm, 10 mm different distant margin of supraglottic and @entity2 as tissue progressed adjacent to @entity2 . (2) Staining positive rate of elF4E in supraglottic and @entity2 was 89%. There was significant association between @entity4 expression intensity and clinical stage, lymphatic @entity0 . The positive expression rate of @entity4 was increased in sequence from 10 mm, 5 mm distant mucosa tissue to @entity2 nest in supraglottic and @entity2 . (3) Negative expression of @entity3 and @entity4 was seen in the normal lymph nodes. @entity3 positive expression rate was 28% in @entity0 lymph nodes,elF4E was 42 %. (4) There was no significant correlation between elF4E and @entity3 in margins according to spearman rank correlation test. CONCLUSION: @entity4 and @entity3 expression was significantly higher in supraglottic and @entity2 than distant margin and normal mucosa tissue. elF4E positive rate was higher than @entity3 ,expression sensitivity and reliability of elF4E in margins was higher than @entity3 . elF4E is a sensitive marker in growth, infiltration and @entity0 of supraglottic and @entity2 .

title: [Expression and clinical value of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in supraglottic and XXXX and @entity0 lymph].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 )and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in supraglottic, @entity2 , different distance surgical margins and lymphatic @entity0 ; to study the relationship of two molecular markers. METHOD: Expression of elF4E and @entity3 in @entity2 and different margins were detected by HE-stained, routine pathological section, immunohistochemical SP method and image analysis. RESULT: (1) Immunohistochemical staining for @entity3 was performed with a monoclonal anti- @entity3 antibody. The positive expression rate was 68. 4 % . There was significant difference between lymph node @entity0 and no lymph node @entity0 , but there was no significant difference between @entity5 or @entity6 ( P >0. 05). There was no significant difference between @entity3 and @entity2 position,pathology grade ( P> 0. 05). Positive expression rate of @entity3 was @entity1 , 5 mm, 10 mm different distant margin of supraglottic and @entity2 as tissue progressed adjacent to @entity2 . (2) Staining positive rate of elF4E in supraglottic and @entity2 was 89%. There was significant association between @entity4 expression intensity and clinical stage, lymphatic @entity0 . The positive expression rate of @entity4 was increased in sequence from 10 mm, 5 mm distant mucosa tissue to @entity2 nest in supraglottic and @entity2 . (3) Negative expression of @entity3 and @entity4 was seen in the normal lymph nodes. @entity3 positive expression rate was 28% in @entity0 lymph nodes,elF4E was 42 %. (4) There was no significant correlation between elF4E and @entity3 in margins according to spearman rank correlation test. CONCLUSION: @entity4 and @entity3 expression was significantly higher in supraglottic and @entity2 than distant margin and normal mucosa tissue. elF4E positive rate was higher than @entity3 ,expression sensitivity and reliability of elF4E in margins was higher than @entity3 . elF4E is a sensitive marker in growth, infiltration and @entity0 of supraglottic and @entity2 .

title: [Expression and clinical value of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in supraglottic and @entity2 and XXXX lymph].

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6 is a @entity0 arising from the olfactory epithelium located in the upper part of the nasal cavities. Recent clinical and preclinical studies shed more light on etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare malignancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A systematic review of PubMed/Medline and available Polish literature. RESULTS: Molecular studies indicate basal progenitor cells of the olfactory epithelium as the origin of @entity6 . @entity0 symptoms are related to its location and typically include: @entity3 , @entity7 as well as @entity8 . @entity6 should be differentiated from @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity2 , and pericytoma. A combination of surgery and radiotherapy seems to be the optimum approach to treatment. More aggressive treatment regimens are promising but require further studies. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 is a rare @entity0 arising from the olfactory epithelium. Early diagnosis and interdisciplinary approach to treatment is vital in the management of the @entity0 .

title: [Olfactory neuroblastoma ( XXXX ): etiopatogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment].

answer: @entity6


abstract: The @entity0 inferior colliculus (IC) is a major relay nucleus in the auditory pathway. Prenatal development of the @entity0 IC has been inadequately studied. The present study reports the morphometric development and maturation of the @entity0 IC using unbiased stereology, in 18 aborted fetuses of various gestational ages (12-29 weeks) and two babies aged 40 postnatal days (PND) and 5 months (that died of @entity1 ). It also demonstrates the functional maturation of the IC by examining the expression of @entity2 -binding proteins--parvalbumin (PV) and calbindin (CB). There was a significant increase in the total number of neurons and glia from 18 @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The glia and neuron volume increased significantly from 16 @entity3 to 22 @entity3 , respectively. The total volume of IC also increased significantly from 18 @entity3 onwards. On the other hand, the number and volume of undifferentiated cell bodies across all ages decreased significantly. Expression of CB was concentrated in the dorsal cortex while that of PV was mainly confined to the central nucleus of the IC, possibly indicating an early segregation of parallel processing of information in the auditory pathways. Intense staining for CB in the soma and dendrites appeared earlier than that of the PV. The morphological maturation appeared to overlap the onset of functional maturation suggesting an activity-dependent mechanism in the development of IC.

title: Stereological investigation and expression of XXXX -binding proteins in developing @entity0 inferior colliculus.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity0 inferior colliculus (IC) is a major relay nucleus in the auditory pathway. Prenatal development of the @entity0 IC has been inadequately studied. The present study reports the morphometric development and maturation of the @entity0 IC using unbiased stereology, in 18 aborted fetuses of various gestational ages (12-29 weeks) and two babies aged 40 postnatal days (PND) and 5 months (that died of @entity1 ). It also demonstrates the functional maturation of the IC by examining the expression of @entity2 -binding proteins--parvalbumin (PV) and calbindin (CB). There was a significant increase in the total number of neurons and glia from 18 @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The glia and neuron volume increased significantly from 16 @entity3 to 22 @entity3 , respectively. The total volume of IC also increased significantly from 18 @entity3 onwards. On the other hand, the number and volume of undifferentiated cell bodies across all ages decreased significantly. Expression of CB was concentrated in the dorsal cortex while that of PV was mainly confined to the central nucleus of the IC, possibly indicating an early segregation of parallel processing of information in the auditory pathways. Intense staining for CB in the soma and dendrites appeared earlier than that of the PV. The morphological maturation appeared to overlap the onset of functional maturation suggesting an activity-dependent mechanism in the development of IC.

title: Stereological investigation and expression of @entity2 -binding proteins in developing XXXX inferior colliculus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECT: The widespread use of imaging techniques for evaluating nonspecific symptoms (vertigo, dizziness, memory concerns, unsteadiness, and the like) and focal @entity2 related to @entity4 has led to increased identification of asymptomatic incidentally discovered @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The management of these incidental @entity7 is controversial and many factors need to be considered. The authors describe reasons leading to diagnosis, demographics, and risk factors in a large consecutive series of @entity0 with small incidentally found @entity6 . METHODS: The authors prospectively evaluated 335 @entity0 harboring 478 small (< 10-mm) @entity6 between January 2008 and May 2011. @entity0 with known @entity7 , possibly symptomatic @entity7 , @entity10 -related @entity7 , @entity0 with a history of @entity8 from another @entity7 , and @entity0 harboring extradural @entity7 were excluded from the analysis. Only truly incidental small @entity7 (272 @entity7 in 212 @entity0 ) were considered for the present analysis. Data regarding the reason for detection, demographics, location, and presence of potential risk factors for @entity7 formation were prospectively collected. RESULTS: There were 158 female (74.5%) and 54 male (25.5%) @entity0 whose mean age was 60.6 years (median 62 years). The most common reason for undergoing the imaging study that led to a diagnosis of the @entity7 was evaluation for nonspecific spells and symptoms related to focal @entity3 (43.4%), known/possible intracranial or neck pathology (24%), and @entity1 (16%). The most common location (27%) of the @entity7 was the middle cerebral artery; the second most common (22%) was the paraclinoid internal carotid artery (excluding cavernous @entity7 ). Sixty-nine percent of @entity0 were current or prior smokers, 60% had a diagnosis of @entity5 , and 23% had one or more relatives with a history of @entity6 with or without @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: Small incidental @entity6 are more commonly diagnosed in elderly individuals during imaging performed to investigate ill-defined spells or focal @entity3 , or during the evaluation of known or probable unrelated intracranial/neck pathology. @entity5 , smoking, and family history of @entity7 are common in this @entity0 population, and the presence of these risk factors has important implications for treatment recommendations. Although @entity7 (excluding intracavernous @entity7 ) are uncommon in @entity0 with @entity9 , this location is very common in @entity0 with small incidental @entity6 .

title: Small (< 10-mm) incidentally found XXXX , Part 1: reasons for detection, demographics, location, and risk factors in 212 consecutive @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECT: The widespread use of imaging techniques for evaluating nonspecific symptoms (vertigo, dizziness, memory concerns, unsteadiness, and the like) and focal @entity2 related to @entity4 has led to increased identification of asymptomatic incidentally discovered @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The management of these incidental @entity7 is controversial and many factors need to be considered. The authors describe reasons leading to diagnosis, demographics, and risk factors in a large consecutive series of @entity0 with small incidentally found @entity6 . METHODS: The authors prospectively evaluated 335 @entity0 harboring 478 small (< 10-mm) @entity6 between January 2008 and May 2011. @entity0 with known @entity7 , possibly symptomatic @entity7 , @entity10 -related @entity7 , @entity0 with a history of @entity8 from another @entity7 , and @entity0 harboring extradural @entity7 were excluded from the analysis. Only truly incidental small @entity7 (272 @entity7 in 212 @entity0 ) were considered for the present analysis. Data regarding the reason for detection, demographics, location, and presence of potential risk factors for @entity7 formation were prospectively collected. RESULTS: There were 158 female (74.5%) and 54 male (25.5%) @entity0 whose mean age was 60.6 years (median 62 years). The most common reason for undergoing the imaging study that led to a diagnosis of the @entity7 was evaluation for nonspecific spells and symptoms related to focal @entity3 (43.4%), known/possible intracranial or neck pathology (24%), and @entity1 (16%). The most common location (27%) of the @entity7 was the middle cerebral artery; the second most common (22%) was the paraclinoid internal carotid artery (excluding cavernous @entity7 ). Sixty-nine percent of @entity0 were current or prior smokers, 60% had a diagnosis of @entity5 , and 23% had one or more relatives with a history of @entity6 with or without @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: Small incidental @entity6 are more commonly diagnosed in elderly individuals during imaging performed to investigate ill-defined spells or focal @entity3 , or during the evaluation of known or probable unrelated intracranial/neck pathology. @entity5 , smoking, and family history of @entity7 are common in this @entity0 population, and the presence of these risk factors has important implications for treatment recommendations. Although @entity7 (excluding intracavernous @entity7 ) are uncommon in @entity0 with @entity9 , this location is very common in @entity0 with small incidental @entity6 .

title: Small (< 10-mm) incidentally found @entity6 , Part 1: reasons for detection, demographics, location, and risk factors in 212 consecutive XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a seronegative @entity1 found in up to 5 to 42% of @entity0 with @entity2 . As current instruments do not fully capture health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) in @entity3 from the @entity0 's perspective, we piloted a novel application of "willingness-to-pay" (WTP) as a @entity0 Reported Outcome to measure the relative impact of @entity3 in 8 domains of HR-QOL. METHODS: Fifty-nine @entity3 @entity0 were interviewed on 8 WTP HR-QOL domains (physical, emotional, sleep, work, social, self-care, intimacy, and concentration). @entity0 were asked to rank the 8 domains of health in order of HR-QOL impact. In each domain, @entity0 were asked whether @entity3 affected that domain, whether they were willing to pay for a cure in that domain, and the amount they were willing to pay. Median WTP amounts were compared with the proportion of @entity0 affected by and willing to pay in each domain. Responses in US dollars were interpreted as strength of preference rather than absolute monetary values. RESULTS: The majority of @entity0 were white (98%), > or =45 years of age (70%), insured (98%), and earned > 65,000/yr (66%). The physical domain was most affected by @entity3 ; intimacy and concentration were ranked lowest. @entity0 reported a wide range of WTP amounts ( 0 to  1,000,000), and median WTP amounts were highest in the physical, work, sleep, and self-care domains. Related domains elicited median WTP amounts that were highly correlated. No significant differences in median WTP amounts were found across ages, genders, and income levels for the different domains. CONCLUSIONS: WTP is a novel quantitative @entity0 -perspective measure that is comprehensible and feasible to administer in @entity3 @entity0 . It represents a unique tool for capturing the complex manifestations of @entity3 and its impact on the individual, allowing the quantification of specific HR-QOL parameters and providing the potential for comparison across various disease processes in a given individual.

title: Willingness-to-pay stated preferences for 8 health-related quality-of-life domains in XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Occupational sprain and @entity0 are one of the most common types of nonfatal @entity1 and a significant source of lost workdays. This study examines factors associated with severe work-related @entity2 to the back, shoulder, and knees. METHODS: A synthetic case-control study was performed (controls were selected from the same pool of utility workers as cases). Cases included all electric utility workers who had experienced a severe work-related @entity2 to the back, knee, or shoulder. Primary controls were selected from all workers who had sustained a @entity0 . Secondary controls were selected from employees with a minor @entity2 to the back, knee, or shoulder. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Workers 41 years and older were more likely to have experienced severe shoulder @entity2 [Age 41-50: OR = 3.62, 95% CI: 1.71-7.65; age 51 and older: OR = 4.49, 95% CI: 1.89-10.67] and severe back @entity2 [Age 41-50: OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.06-2.33; age 51 and older: OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 0.90-2.52]. Line workers and maintenance workers had an increased risk of serious @entity2 . Gender and day of week were not significantly associated with @entity2 . DISCUSSION: Though this study is limited by available data, future studies may benefit from this preliminary examination of occupational and demographic characteristics associated with serious @entity2 among electric utility workers.

title: Factors that distinguish serious versus less severe strain and XXXX : an analysis of electric utility workers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous microballoon compression (PMC) for @entity2 is an important therapeutic method. The aim of this study was to review the effects of PMC for @entity2 in 276 @entity0 . METHODS: From December 2000 to May 2003, 276 @entity0 with @entity2 were treated with PMC. The course of the disease ranged from 3 months to 38 years. Under the guidance of C-arm X-ray, 14# needle was placed into the foramen ovale using the classical Hakanson's technique. Fogarty balloon catheter was navigated into the Meckel's cave tenderly. A small amount of Omnipaque was slowly injected to inflate the balloon and compress the trigeminal ganglion for 3 to 10 minutes. RESULTS: A total of 290 PMC were performed on the 276 @entity0 . Among them, 252 had immediate relief from @entity1 . The @entity0 were followed up for a mean of 18.7 months (range, 4 to 32), 14 of them had a recurrence. Of the 14 @entity0 , 12 were re-operated with PMC, and the @entity1 was all controlled successfully. CONCLUSIONS: PMC is an effective and technically simple method for @entity2 . For older @entity0 with @entity2 , it may be the first choice.

title: Percutaneous microballoon compression for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Brightness-modulated ultrasonography, continuous-wave Doppler, and pulsed-wave Doppler-echocardiography were used to analyze the functional morphology of the undisturbed heart of @entity2 . In particular, the action of the muscular ridge and the @entity1 are key features to understand how patterns of blood flow emerge from structures directing blood into the various chambers of the heart. A step-by-step image analysis of echocardiographs shows that during ventricular diastole, the @entity1 the interventricular canals so that blood from the right atrium first fills the cavum venosum, and blood from the left atrium fills the cavum arteriosum. During diastole, blood from the cavum venosum crosses the muscular ridge into the cavum pulmonale. During @entity3 closes, thus prohibiting further blood flow into the cavum pulmonale. At the same time, the @entity1 open the interventricular canal and allow blood from the cavum arteriosum to flow into the cavum venosum. In the late phase of ventricular systole, all blood from the cavum pulmonale is pressed into the pulmonary trunk; all blood from the cavum venosum is pressed into both aortas. Quantitative measures of blood flow volume showed that resting snakes bypass the pulmonary circulation and shunt about twice the blood volume into the systemic circulation as into the pulmonary circulation. When digesting, the @entity0 demand of snakes increased tremendously. This is associated with shunting more blood into the pulmonary circulation. The results of this study allow the presentation of a detailed functional model of the python heart. They are also the basis for a functional hypothesis of how shunting is achieved. Further, it was shown that shunting is an active regulation process in response to changing demands of the organism (here, @entity0 demand). Finally, the results of this study support earlier reports about a dual pressure circulation in @entity2 .

title: Functional morphology and patterns of blood flow in the heart of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECT: Many previous studies have shown that placement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes carries a considerable risk of @entity2 . To date, no studies have evaluated the incidence of @entity3 after removal of DBS electrodes. The authors performed a retrospective chart review to identify the incidence and trends in @entity2 after DBS electrode removal. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of all DBS electrodes removed at the Cleveland Clinic between October 2000 and May 2010 was performed. All @entity0 underwent postoperative CT scanning. Each @entity0 was evaluated for age, sex, side of placement, target, duration of lead placement, reason for removal, and medical comorbidities. RESULTS: A total of 78 lead removals were performed in the 10-year period (1300 leads were implanted during the same period). Of the 78 leads removed, 10 (12.8%) resulted in @entity2 seen on postoperative CT scans. The @entity2 were superficial cortical in 6 cases of lead removal (60%) and deep in 4 cases (40%). No statistically significant correlation to any of the factors evaluated was found. All @entity2 were asymptomatic. The authors' retrospective study of 78 DBS lead removals revealed a high risk of @entity3 (12.8% per lead). The risk of @entity2 during removal is significantly greater than the risk of @entity2 during implantation (2.0% per lead at the authors' center during the same period). There were more superficial @entity2 , and all @entity2 were asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: Removal of DBS leads carries a significantly higher risk of @entity1 that are seen on images but are not clinically symptomatic.

title: XXXX after removal of deep brain stimulation electrodes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Recent evidence indicates that the polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) is involved in hippocampal plasticity. On the other hand, @entity3 receptor activation is known to disturb some hippocampal processes involving plastic changes, such as learning and memory. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of @entity2 , a @entity3 receptor agonist, on the expression of PSA-NCAM protein in the dentate gyrus (DG) and @entity1 region of the @entity0 hippocampus. It was found that at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg i.p. of @entity2 , the number of PSA-NCAM immunoreactive (IR) cells in the DG declined in a time-dependent manner. The decrease in PSA-NCAM expression was observed at 1 and 2 days (ca. 21% and 30%, respectively), but not after 4 h and 4 days following @entity2 administration. However, @entity2 treatment did not change the length density of PSA-NCAM immunopositive processes in @entity1 mossy fibers at all the time points measured. The effect observed in the DG on day 2 was blocked by @entity4 (1 mg/kg, i.p.), a @entity3 receptor antagonist, given 30 min before @entity2 . Neither the number of Ki-67 (IR) cells (a marker of proliferation) nor the number of doublecortin-IR cells (a marker of immature neurons) was affected by @entity2 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment at any of the time points. An analysis of co-localization of @entity3 receptor protein with PSA-NCAM protein revealed that both proteins were not present in the same population of neurons in the subgranular layer of the DG. The observed changes in PSA-NCAM expression were not related to the reduction of proliferation or differentiation of newly born cells, but were possible due to alternations in the synaptic activity in the DG. However, such alteration in the PSA-NCAM expression may change the timing of the functional maturation of newly born neurons. Moreover, the above finding suggests that acute activation of @entity3 receptors may result in the stiffening of the hippocampal structure and susceptibility to plastic changes and may lead to functional impairment governed by alterations in the hippocampal structure.

title: Acute activation of XXXX cannabinoid receptors transiently decreases PSA-NCAM expression in the dentate gyrus of the @entity0 hippocampus.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Recent evidence indicates that the polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) is involved in hippocampal plasticity. On the other hand, @entity3 receptor activation is known to disturb some hippocampal processes involving plastic changes, such as learning and memory. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of @entity2 , a @entity3 receptor agonist, on the expression of PSA-NCAM protein in the dentate gyrus (DG) and @entity1 region of the @entity0 hippocampus. It was found that at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg i.p. of @entity2 , the number of PSA-NCAM immunoreactive (IR) cells in the DG declined in a time-dependent manner. The decrease in PSA-NCAM expression was observed at 1 and 2 days (ca. 21% and 30%, respectively), but not after 4 h and 4 days following @entity2 administration. However, @entity2 treatment did not change the length density of PSA-NCAM immunopositive processes in @entity1 mossy fibers at all the time points measured. The effect observed in the DG on day 2 was blocked by @entity4 (1 mg/kg, i.p.), a @entity3 receptor antagonist, given 30 min before @entity2 . Neither the number of Ki-67 (IR) cells (a marker of proliferation) nor the number of doublecortin-IR cells (a marker of immature neurons) was affected by @entity2 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment at any of the time points. An analysis of co-localization of @entity3 receptor protein with PSA-NCAM protein revealed that both proteins were not present in the same population of neurons in the subgranular layer of the DG. The observed changes in PSA-NCAM expression were not related to the reduction of proliferation or differentiation of newly born cells, but were possible due to alternations in the synaptic activity in the DG. However, such alteration in the PSA-NCAM expression may change the timing of the functional maturation of newly born neurons. Moreover, the above finding suggests that acute activation of @entity3 receptors may result in the stiffening of the hippocampal structure and susceptibility to plastic changes and may lead to functional impairment governed by alterations in the hippocampal structure.

title: Acute activation of @entity3 cannabinoid receptors transiently decreases PSA-NCAM expression in the dentate gyrus of the XXXX hippocampus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is associated with @entity1 and discomfort, and intravenous analgesics and sedatives are widely used. There are several disadvantages regarding this practice, including risk of complications, resources demanded, and @entity2 after sedation. In spite of promising results in previous studies, @entity3 is rarely used at endoscopy centers around the world. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficiency of @entity3 versus placebo as an analgesic during colonoscopy without sedation. DESIGN: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: The endoscopy unit at Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway, between June 2006 and May 2008. @entity0 : This study involved @entity0 undergoing elective colonoscopy. INTERVENTION: @entity0 inhaled @entity3 or placebo on demand. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The @entity0 filled in a questionnaire regarding their experiences with the examination. @entity1 was graded from 1 (no @entity1 ) to 4 (severe @entity1 ). RESULTS: We recruited 199 @entity0 . We randomized 97 @entity0 to the @entity3 group and 102 to the control group. The groups were comparable regarding demographic factors. Median @entity0 -reported @entity1 was 2 in both the @entity3 group and the control group (interquartile range 2-3 in both groups). Additional sedatives and analgesics were given equally often and in similar doses in both groups. No side effects related to administration of @entity3 were reported. LIMITATIONS: The questionnaire was returned by 76% of the @entity0 . The study gas was given on demand, not continuously. CONCLUSION: @entity3 given intermittently is not an effective substitution for intravenous on-demand sedation and analgesics in the setting of colonoscopy without sedation.

title: XXXX for analgesia in colonoscopy without sedation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 are the most common @entity1 of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite the enormous progress made in the field of diagnostics, most often diagnosis is made during the explorative laparotomy and postoperative immunohystochemical analysis of specimen. The surgical treatment is often indicated, although scarce preoperative diagnosis causes intraoperative dilemma concerning the level of radicality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this paper we have analyzed two @entity0 with @entity3 . The first @entity0 was 59 years old male, with preoperatively diagnosed @entity7 . Intraoperatively besides the transverse @entity7 , we found intramural @entity3 . This @entity0 underwent subtotal gastrectomy and subtotal colectomy. The immunohystochemical analysis of @entity3 proves benign @entity6 . The second @entity0 was 50 year old male presented with repeated @entity4 . The endoscopic ultrasound showed intramural @entity1 of the anterior gastric wall, with a visible blood vessel @entity4 during endoscopy. After the resuscitation, we performed subtotal gastrectomy. The immunohystochemical analysis proved malignant @entity6 . DISCUSSION: In the cases with inadequate preoperative diagnoses, the level of resection procedure is based on the size of @entity1 and the presence of @entity2 and @entity4 inside the @entity1 . Tumors larger than 5 cm in diameter with signs of @entity2 and @entity4 are parameters of malignant nature of @entity6 , therefore demanding a radical surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: The surgical resection is a treatment of choice for @entity5 . It has been shown that adequate surgical resection correlates with high 5-years survival rates for @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: [Gastrointerstinal XXXX of the stomach--case reports].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Traumatic @entity6 are rare in adult and occur readily during a violent traumatism of the chest and/or the dorsal spine. We report two cases treated between September 1997 and August 2002 at the Surgical Emergency Department of Le Dantec Hospital. The first observation was related to a 26 year old lady. On September 27, 1997, she fell down from a tree and received all the weight of the body on her two arms. She was referred because of anterior @entity5 , increasing with respiration associated with injuries of the 2 wrists. On conventional X-ray, a @entity6 (anterior dislocation of the sternal body with respect to the manubrium) was diagnosed. The mechanism of the dislocation was indirect: flexion-compression of the sternum caused by a hyperflexion of the dorsal spine when the @entity0 touched the ground. There was also a Pouteaux-Colles @entity3 of the 2 wrists. The dislocation was surgically treated: open reduction followed by manubriosternal stabilization using wires. The 2 wrists were treated by Kapandji procedure. At the 21st postoperative day, a @entity4 of the wires required a 2nd internal fixation of the sternum by wires. After 9 years, the @entity0 is without complaint and the chest X-ray is normal. The second observation was that of a 19 year old young @entity0 , referred on August 15, 2002 after a frontal crash with a car while crossing the road. She fell down on her back. She was complaining from severe @entity1 with a normal Glasgow Scale (15), anterior chest and right hand @entity2 . Radiological examinations showed a @entity3 of the occipital bone without embarrure and a type I @entity6 (posterior displacement of the sternal body in relation to the manubrium) which mechanism was direct: direct shock against the sternum. There were also an isolated @entity3 of 4 right sided ribs and a @entity3 without displacement of the 3 last bones of the right metacarpus. An orthopaedic treatment was carried out for the lesions of the right hand and an abstention-monitoring suggested for the @entity3 . The @entity6 was surgically reduced and stabilized by using a braided polyester thread number 2. After 4 years, the @entity0 is asymptomatic and the manobriosternal joint is stable. We emphasize on the scarcity and the mechanism of traumatic @entity6 in adult, the frequency of associated injuries and the absence of consensus about their treatment.

title: [Traumatic XXXX in adult: about two surgical cases].

answer: @entity6


abstract: The cause of @entity3 is not known. The most influential known risk factor is increasing age. The risk factor of increasing age is consistent with exposure to environmental toxins throughout life as a cause of Alzheimer's. In addition, microbleeding, changes in membrane permeability and increased @entity2 are all factors important in Alzheimer's. Cottonseed contains toxins and is fed to animals, fish and poultry. Cottonseed toxins remain in the animals, fish and poultry and are present in the @entity0 diet at seemingly low levels. The average @entity0 is ingesting cottonseed toxins throughout life. Cottonseed toxins cause @entity4 , changes in membrane permeability and increased @entity2 . In addition, the cottonseed toxin @entity6 is known to reach the brain and bind randomly to important cellular structures. @entity6 also binds to microtubules and interferes with microtubule assembly, which may inhibit binding of tau to microtubules and lead to formation of @entity5 . Cottonseed toxins are also known to accumulate in the body. In a preliminary study of female @entity1 fed low level cottonseed for their lifetimes, apparent @entity5 and phosphorylated tau were found. The intake of cottonseed toxins throughout life should be evaluated further as a possible cause of Alzheimer's.

title: Dietary intake of cottonseed toxins is hypothesized to be a partial cause of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of this study is to clarify the detailed clinical features of benign partial @entity1 in @entity4 . The subject of the study was 33 @entity0 with benign partial @entity1 in @entity4 confirmed by a long-term follow-up beyond 8 years of age. The data were obtained from medical records of the @entity0 in combination with the data obtained from telephone interview. The median age at the first and last @entity2 was 5 and 8 months, respectively. In 26 @entity0 , @entity2 disappeared within 3 months after the onset. Family history of benign partial @entity1 in @entity4 was seen in 17 @entity0 . The median number of @entity2 was 7. A cluster of @entity2 was observed in 26 @entity0 . The type of @entity2 was complex partial @entity2 alone in 6 @entity0 , secondarily generalized @entity2 alone in 9, and both types in 18. @entity3 , and cyanosis were commonly observed. Initial interictal electroencephalograms were normal in all @entity0 . However, paroxysmal discharges were recognized in 2 @entity0 in the second EEG during the first year of life. The main features of benign partial @entity1 in @entity4 were a high incidence of a cluster of @entity2 , short persistence of @entity2 , and normal initial interictal EEGs.

title: The clinical characterizations of benign partial @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The aim of this study is to clarify the detailed clinical features of benign partial @entity1 in @entity4 . The subject of the study was 33 @entity0 with benign partial @entity1 in @entity4 confirmed by a long-term follow-up beyond 8 years of age. The data were obtained from medical records of the @entity0 in combination with the data obtained from telephone interview. The median age at the first and last @entity2 was 5 and 8 months, respectively. In 26 @entity0 , @entity2 disappeared within 3 months after the onset. Family history of benign partial @entity1 in @entity4 was seen in 17 @entity0 . The median number of @entity2 was 7. A cluster of @entity2 was observed in 26 @entity0 . The type of @entity2 was complex partial @entity2 alone in 6 @entity0 , secondarily generalized @entity2 alone in 9, and both types in 18. @entity3 , and cyanosis were commonly observed. Initial interictal electroencephalograms were normal in all @entity0 . However, paroxysmal discharges were recognized in 2 @entity0 in the second EEG during the first year of life. The main features of benign partial @entity1 in @entity4 were a high incidence of a cluster of @entity2 , short persistence of @entity2 , and normal initial interictal EEGs.

title: The clinical characterizations of benign partial XXXX in @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Complications of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) occur in a small number of @entity0 , although @entity2 is rare. OBJECTIVE: To report the serious complication of @entity1 during ESWL. CASE REPORT: A 65-year-old @entity0 was transferred to the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with right @entity5 . He had undergone ESWL for the @entity6 at a regional hospital 2 days earlier. @entity5 developed immediately after ESWL and was not spontaneously relieved. Computed tomography scan performed at the regional hospital showed an extensive right perinephric @entity7 . When the @entity0 arrived at the @entity3 , his vital signs were unstable but were stabilized with fluid resuscitation and transfusion. Conservative care with no nephrectomy was chosen because there was no evidence of active bleeding on Doppler ultrasound examination. He was uneventfully discharged on the 31st hospital day without further complications. CONCLUSION: Although it is rare, @entity0 may present with @entity1 or @entity4 after ESWL.

title: XXXX after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: report of a case.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We present a @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). A 74-year-old @entity0 was admitted with @entity4 , which originated from erysipelas on her neck the following day. She developed @entity11 due to @entity1 , @entity5 , disseminated @entity15 (DIC), @entity7 and @entity9 . She responded well to treatment and improved rapidly, despite of her serious condition. When she had almost fully recovered after 15 days, her general condition worsened, and she developed @entity8 , @entity12 and @entity10 . MRI showed vasogenic @entity1 in the parietooccipital regions of the brain and in the cerebellum, consistent with @entity3 . @entity3 is a clinical and radiological diagnosis consisting of @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity16 , @entity6 and sometimes @entity10 . MRI of the cerebrum with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) map are decisive to the diagnosis, and usually shows a characteristic bilateral vasogenic @entity1 in the parietooccipital region. This can distinguish @entity3 from @entity14 , which shows a @entity13 on MRI. We discuss our @entity0 in the light of different conditions leading to @entity3 , possible pathophysiological factors and treatment options.

title: [An old @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity12


abstract: We present a @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). A 74-year-old @entity0 was admitted with @entity4 , which originated from erysipelas on her neck the following day. She developed @entity11 due to @entity1 , @entity5 , disseminated @entity15 (DIC), @entity7 and @entity9 . She responded well to treatment and improved rapidly, despite of her serious condition. When she had almost fully recovered after 15 days, her general condition worsened, and she developed @entity8 , @entity12 and @entity10 . MRI showed vasogenic @entity1 in the parietooccipital regions of the brain and in the cerebellum, consistent with @entity3 . @entity3 is a clinical and radiological diagnosis consisting of @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity16 , @entity6 and sometimes @entity10 . MRI of the cerebrum with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) map are decisive to the diagnosis, and usually shows a characteristic bilateral vasogenic @entity1 in the parietooccipital region. This can distinguish @entity3 from @entity14 , which shows a @entity13 on MRI. We discuss our @entity0 in the light of different conditions leading to @entity3 , possible pathophysiological factors and treatment options.

title: [An old XXXX with @entity12 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the efficacy, @entity0 acceptability and side effect profile of @entity5 , a new antimuscarinic agent for treating @entity6 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In our randomized, placebo controlled, parallel group study 123, 129 and 64 @entity0 18 years old or older with proved detrusor overactivity ( @entity3 or @entity2 ) were randomized to receive 1 or 2 mg. @entity5 , or placebo, respectively, twice daily for 12 weeks. Main outcome measures were number of voids per 24 hours, urine volume per void and episodes of urge @entity1 per 24 hours on a frequency-volume chart with detailed recording of side effects. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of treatment mean number of voids per 24 hours plus or minus standard deviation decreased from 11.2 +/- 3.1 to 9.0 +/- 2.6 with the 2 mg. dosage (p = 0.0045 versus placebo). At this dose mean urine volume per void increased from 155 +/- 52 to 190 +/- 70 ml. (p <0.0001 versus placebo), while mean number of @entity1 episodes per 24 hours decreased from 3.6 +/- 4.0 to 1.8 +/- 3.1 (p = 0.19 versus placebo). Similar efficacy was observed in @entity0 receiving the 1 mg. dose. Severe @entity4 was reported by only 2, 1 and 2% of @entity0 given the 1 and 2 mg. dose, and placebo, respectively. There was no clinical or electrocardiographic evidence of significant cardiac adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 administration resulted in a significant decrease in the frequency of voiding and improved voided volume but it was seldom associated with troublesome or severe side effects.

title: Clinical efficacy and safety of XXXX compared to placebo in detrusor overactivity.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The primary objective is to document the first case report of @entity6 after a lumbar epidural corticosteroid injection. The second objective is to analyze the case report literature to identify clinical features and trends of @entity0 with @entity3 after spinal injections. DESIGN: Single case report. A MEDLINE and EMBASE literature search was conducted using key words from the names of commonly performed spinal procedures, including epidural corticosteroid, selective nerve root, transforaminal epidural, facet joint, and sacroiliac joint injections. SETTING: Pain medicine clinic at a tertiary medical center. @entity0 : A 64-year-old @entity0 with an 8-year history of left lower extremity @entity2 and recurrent @entity4 was referred for a lumbar epidural corticosteroid injection. Six weeks following the injection, the @entity0 returned with a 4-week history of worsening right-sided @entity2 without associated recurrent @entity1 . Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right-sided L5-S1 disc extrusion with @entity6 and a right L5-S1 discectomy was performed. Cultures of disc material and blood showed growth of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, and a transesophageal echocardiogram showed no evidence of @entity5 . The @entity0 received 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics and he had symptomatic recovery at 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: Including our @entity0 , the literature search identified 27 case reports of @entity3 . Similar clinical features and significant trends were evident in five categories including predisposing factors, symptom presentation, diagnostic evaluation, etiological organisms, and treatment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: The identified clinical features and trends could prove useful to the practitioner when an infectious complication is suspected or has occurred.

title: XXXX after lumbar epidural corticosteroid injection: a case report and analysis of the case report literature.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Narrow-band (311 nm) UVB is an effective treatment modality for moderate to severe @entity1 . The effect of maintenance narrow-band UVB on the duration of remission is unknown. AIM: To determine whether maintenance narrow-band UVB affects the duration of remission. METHODS: After clinically significant improvement [defined as 75% reduction in the initial Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) = "PASI 75"], @entity0 were randomly assigned to one of two groups, namely maintenance and no maintenance. The first group received 2 months of maintenance therapy; the second group received no further treatment. Both groups were followed up for 1 year. RESULTS: At the end of 12 weeks, 46 of 50 @entity0 (92%) achieved "PASI 75". Of these 46 @entity0 , 32 had @entity1 and 14 had guttate-type @entity1 . The numbers of @entity0 assigned to the maintenance and no maintenance groups were 22 and 24, respectively. At the end of the study, 12 of the 22 @entity0 (55%) in the maintenance group and, by contrast, eight of the 24 @entity0 (33%) in the no maintenance group were still in remission. When the @entity0 in both groups were categorized according to the type of @entity1 , eight of 14 (57%) @entity0 with @entity1 in the maintenance group and, by contrast, three of 18 (17%) in the no maintenance group were still in remission. Although numerically significant, life-table analysis indicated no statistically significant difference for the probability of remaining in remission between maintenance and no maintenance groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide some evidence that maintenance narrow-band UVB may achieve longer remission durations for @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: The effect of maintenance narrow-band ultraviolet B therapy on the duration of remission for XXXX : a prospective randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Borderline @entity2 (BOT) do not exhibit overt stromal invasion and are less aggressive than @entity2 . BOT also arise in younger @entity0 than those who develop epithelial @entity2 . Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility of ovarian cryopreservation (OC) in @entity0 treated for BOT. METHODS: A retrospective study of data concerning young @entity0 (less than 35 years of age) who underwent surgery for a BOT with OC planned during the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity0 , treated between January 2002 and February 2008, were initially selected but six of them were excluded from the present study (four because the @entity1 was malignant and two because it was benign). Finally, 17 @entity0 were diagnosed as having BOT based on the frozen section analysis. In nine (53%) of these cases, OC was finally performed. In eight cases, OC was not performed; instead, in four cases a simple cystectomy was finally performed (one @entity0 was in fact pregnant at the time of surgery), in one case @entity1 was found and in three (18%) @entity0 OC was not technically feasible because no normal ovarian parenchyma was evident on gross inspection. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 treated for a BOT, OC was eventually feasible in 53% of @entity0 in whom this procedure was initially planned. In 18%, this procedure was aborted because no macroscopic healthy ovarian tissue could be found.

title: Feasibility of ovarian cryopreservation in borderline XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Different analysis techniques have been developed to help understand and characterize the mechanisms responsible for @entity3 . We tested the hypothesis that Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis of recorded atrial electrograms (AEGs) will rapidly and accurately identify regular and irregular patterns of atrial activation, and, thereby, may provide evidence suggestive of underlying mechanisms of @entity7 . METHODS AND RESULTS: During induced @entity7 in both the @entity0 sterile @entity6 model and @entity0 rapid ventricular pacing-induced @entity2 model; 380-404 AEGs were recorded simultaneously from epicardial electrodes on both atria. From AEGs, atrial activation sequences were determined during @entity5 ( @entity5 ), focal @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Four-second recording segments of each AEG were subjected to FFT analysis. Frequencies found during FFT analyses in all studies precisely corresponded to the cycle lengths of the AEGs. In @entity5 and @entity1 , one dominant frequency peak was found throughout both atria. In @entity4 due to multiple unstable reentry circuits, multiple and broad frequency peaks were found in both atria. In @entity4 due to a stable rapid rhythm (driver) in the left atrium with fibrillatory conduction to the rest of the atria, one dominant frequency peak in areas with 1:1 conduction from the driver, and multiple and/or broad frequency peaks in areas with fibrillatory conduction produced by the driver were found. Computation time for all FFT analyses took <5 minutes. CONCLUSION: FFT analysis accurately and rapidly identifies global atrial activation patterns during @entity5 , @entity1 , and @entity4 , thereby assisting in determining @entity3 mechanisms.

title: Use of fast fourier transform analysis of atrial electrograms for rapid characterization of atrial activation-implications for delineating possible mechanisms of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescents with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) have low @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Adipokines and @entity9 play an important role in bone metabolism in healthy individuals. However, their association with bone metabolism in @entity7 is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether adipokines and @entity9 are independently associated with measures of @entity2 in adolescents with @entity7 and controls. DESIGN/METHODS: Levels of @entity6 and @entity9 , fasting and after oral @entity3 , were evaluated in 17 @entity7 @entity0 and 19 controls (age, 12-18 yr), in whom hormonal parameters [GH, @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity1 , leptin, ghrelin, and @entity8 ( @entity8 )] had been previously determined. Body composition, bone mineral content, and @entity2 at the lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck, and total body were assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Two bone formation and bone resorption markers were examined. SETTING: The study was conducted at a General Clinical Research Center. RESULTS: @entity6 differed between @entity7 subjects and controls after controlling for fat mass and decreased in both after oral @entity3 (P = 0.02 and 0.07). On regression modeling, independent associations were observed of: 1) body mass index and @entity6 with lumbar spine bone mineral apparent density Z-scores (r(2) = 0.45); 2) lean mass, @entity8 , and ghrelin with hip Z-scores (r(2) = 0.55); 3) @entity6 and lean mass with femoral neck-bone mineral apparent density Z-scores (r(2) = 0.34); and 4) lean mass, @entity8 , GH, and ghrelin with total body-bone mineral content/height Z-scores (r(2) = 0.64), for the combined group. @entity6 was also independently associated with @entity2 , and @entity9 was associated with bone turnover markers in the groups considered separately. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 contributes significantly to the variability of bone density, and @entity9 contributes to bone turnover markers in adolescent @entity0 .

title: Relationships between serum adipokines, @entity9 levels, and bone density in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescents with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) have low @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Adipokines and @entity9 play an important role in bone metabolism in healthy individuals. However, their association with bone metabolism in @entity7 is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether adipokines and @entity9 are independently associated with measures of @entity2 in adolescents with @entity7 and controls. DESIGN/METHODS: Levels of @entity6 and @entity9 , fasting and after oral @entity3 , were evaluated in 17 @entity7 @entity0 and 19 controls (age, 12-18 yr), in whom hormonal parameters [GH, @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity1 , leptin, ghrelin, and @entity8 ( @entity8 )] had been previously determined. Body composition, bone mineral content, and @entity2 at the lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck, and total body were assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Two bone formation and bone resorption markers were examined. SETTING: The study was conducted at a General Clinical Research Center. RESULTS: @entity6 differed between @entity7 subjects and controls after controlling for fat mass and decreased in both after oral @entity3 (P = 0.02 and 0.07). On regression modeling, independent associations were observed of: 1) body mass index and @entity6 with lumbar spine bone mineral apparent density Z-scores (r(2) = 0.45); 2) lean mass, @entity8 , and ghrelin with hip Z-scores (r(2) = 0.55); 3) @entity6 and lean mass with femoral neck-bone mineral apparent density Z-scores (r(2) = 0.34); and 4) lean mass, @entity8 , GH, and ghrelin with total body-bone mineral content/height Z-scores (r(2) = 0.64), for the combined group. @entity6 was also independently associated with @entity2 , and @entity9 was associated with bone turnover markers in the groups considered separately. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 contributes significantly to the variability of bone density, and @entity9 contributes to bone turnover markers in adolescent @entity0 .

title: Relationships between serum adipokines, XXXX levels, and bone density in @entity0 with @entity7 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescents with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) have low @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Adipokines and @entity9 play an important role in bone metabolism in healthy individuals. However, their association with bone metabolism in @entity7 is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether adipokines and @entity9 are independently associated with measures of @entity2 in adolescents with @entity7 and controls. DESIGN/METHODS: Levels of @entity6 and @entity9 , fasting and after oral @entity3 , were evaluated in 17 @entity7 @entity0 and 19 controls (age, 12-18 yr), in whom hormonal parameters [GH, @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity1 , leptin, ghrelin, and @entity8 ( @entity8 )] had been previously determined. Body composition, bone mineral content, and @entity2 at the lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck, and total body were assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Two bone formation and bone resorption markers were examined. SETTING: The study was conducted at a General Clinical Research Center. RESULTS: @entity6 differed between @entity7 subjects and controls after controlling for fat mass and decreased in both after oral @entity3 (P = 0.02 and 0.07). On regression modeling, independent associations were observed of: 1) body mass index and @entity6 with lumbar spine bone mineral apparent density Z-scores (r(2) = 0.45); 2) lean mass, @entity8 , and ghrelin with hip Z-scores (r(2) = 0.55); 3) @entity6 and lean mass with femoral neck-bone mineral apparent density Z-scores (r(2) = 0.34); and 4) lean mass, @entity8 , GH, and ghrelin with total body-bone mineral content/height Z-scores (r(2) = 0.64), for the combined group. @entity6 was also independently associated with @entity2 , and @entity9 was associated with bone turnover markers in the groups considered separately. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 contributes significantly to the variability of bone density, and @entity9 contributes to bone turnover markers in adolescent @entity0 .

title: Relationships between serum adipokines, @entity9 levels, and bone density in XXXX with @entity7 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Red cell (RBC) depletion is needed to bypass @entity2 mismatch in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Technical and clinical data obtained after bone marrow (BM) processing with a continuous-flow cell separator (Cobe Spectra, Gambro BCT) are reported. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: RBC depletion and recovery of nucleated cells, CD3+ cells, @entity1 + cells, and colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage were calculated. Bacteriologic contaminations, side effects of graft infusion, and hematopoietic recovery were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 114 BM samples were processed. The mean volume collected was 1099 mL (range, 390-2450 mL). Initial and residual mean RBCs volumes were 309.9 and 4.0 mL corresponding to a depletion of 98.6 +/- 0.78 percent. Before processing, the mean numbers of nucleated cells, granulocytes, CD3+ cells, @entity1 + cells, and CFU-GM were 20.28 x 10(9), 12.79 x 10(9), 1.96 x 10(9), 356.7 x 10(6), and 195.6 x 10(5), respectively. The mean corresponding recoveries after processing were 33.66, 48.98, 82.02, 82.2, and 93.9 percent. Limited side effects were observed in 14 @entity0 without correlation with residual RBCs volume. All but two @entity0 engrafted. CONCLUSION: BM processing with the Cobe Spectra cell separator provides high rates of RBC depletion without significant side effects after BMT.

title: XXXX -mismatched marrow processing for transplantation: results of 114 procedures and analysis of immediate adverse events and hematopoietic recovery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We reviewed nine @entity0 at a mean period of 11 years (6 to 16) after curettage and cementing of a @entity1 around the knee to determine if there were any long-term adverse effects on the cartilage. Plain radiography, MRI, delayed @entity6 -enhanced MRI of the cartilage and measurement of the serum level of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were carried out. The functional outcome was evaluated using the Lysholm knee score. Each @entity0 was physically active and had returned to their previous occupation. Most participated in recreational sports or exercise. The mean Lysholm knee score was 92 (83 to 100). Only one @entity0 was found to have @entity2 adjacent to the cement. This @entity0 had a history of intra-articular @entity3 and local recurrence, leading to degenerative changes. Interpretation of the data obtained from delayed @entity6 -enhanced MRI of the cartilage was difficult, with variation in the T1 values which did not correlate with the clinical or radiological findings. We did not find it helpful in the early diagnosis of @entity5 . We also found no obvious correlation between the serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level and the radiological and MR findings, function, time after surgery and the age of the @entity0 . In summary, we found no evidence that the long-term presence of cement close to the knee joint was associated with the development of @entity4 .

title: XXXX of the knee: the condition of the cartilage after treatment by curettage and cementing.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of @entity3 is challenging. Nonspecific clinical presentation and an overlap with the diagnosis of @entity2 present a diagnostic dilemma. The purpose of this article is to describe the role of cardiac MRI and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the diagnosis of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two sequential @entity0 (all male; average age, 33 years) with clinically suspected @entity3 were included. All @entity0 underwent cardiac MRI with sequences dedicated for the evaluation of myocardial delayed enhancement and TTE for the evaluation of wall motion abnormalities (WMAs). Nine @entity0 were excluded because of diagnosis of @entity2 (n=2) or inadequate cardiac MRI technique (n=7). Retrospective analysis of the images of the remaining 23 @entity0 was performed. RESULTS: An epicardial pattern of abnormal patchy myocardial delayed enhancement was seen on cardiac MRI in 21 of 23 (91%) @entity0 . WMAs were seen on TTE in eight of 23 (35%) @entity0 . Regional rather than global involvement was seen mainly in the inferolateral segments, with a predominance in the midventricular portion. CONCLUSION: Cardiac MRI might have a greater impact than TTE in confirming the presence of @entity3 and evaluating the extent of @entity1 . Cardiac MRI provides noninvasive imaging that may obviate invasive procedures such as coronary catheter angiography or endomyocardial biopsy.

title: Acute XXXX : noninvasive evaluation with cardiac MRI and transthoracic echocardiography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity6 in hospitalized @entity0 with upper @entity1 ( @entity1 ), a comparative clinical study with @entity4 was performed. 62/60% ( @entity6 / @entity4 ) of the @entity0 had a complicating factor, @entity5 . I.v. bolus injections were used at a dose of 1 g @entity6 or 1.5 g @entity4 t.i.d., for a mean of 8.2 days (range: five to 14 days) except in @entity0 with @entity2 , who received a mean of 10.3 days (range: seven to 13 days) of therapy. 89% of the @entity0 treated with @entity6 and 87% of those who received @entity4 showed clinical cure and the bacteriological cure rate at one week post-therapy was 70% and 73% in the respective groups. The relapse/reinfection rate was high with both drugs; bacteriological cure at one month post-therapy was only 43% after @entity6 and 40% after @entity4 . This suggests that these infections may need longer treatment times. Superinfections, mostly asymptomatic urinary colonization, occurred in 7% and 3%, respectively, and adverse reactions in 23% and 12%, respectively, of the @entity0 treated with @entity6 or @entity4 , the majority being mild and reversible and only 3% and 3%, respectively, requiring discontinuation of the therapy. The t 1/2 for @entity6 following a 1 g i.v. bolus was 2.0 h in six @entity0 with creatinine clearance above 80 ml/min and 3.0 h in seven @entity0 with @entity3 clearance between 35-75 ml/min.

title: Randomized comparison of @entity6 and XXXX in gram-negative upper @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity6 in hospitalized @entity0 with upper @entity1 ( @entity1 ), a comparative clinical study with @entity4 was performed. 62/60% ( @entity6 / @entity4 ) of the @entity0 had a complicating factor, @entity5 . I.v. bolus injections were used at a dose of 1 g @entity6 or 1.5 g @entity4 t.i.d., for a mean of 8.2 days (range: five to 14 days) except in @entity0 with @entity2 , who received a mean of 10.3 days (range: seven to 13 days) of therapy. 89% of the @entity0 treated with @entity6 and 87% of those who received @entity4 showed clinical cure and the bacteriological cure rate at one week post-therapy was 70% and 73% in the respective groups. The relapse/reinfection rate was high with both drugs; bacteriological cure at one month post-therapy was only 43% after @entity6 and 40% after @entity4 . This suggests that these infections may need longer treatment times. Superinfections, mostly asymptomatic urinary colonization, occurred in 7% and 3%, respectively, and adverse reactions in 23% and 12%, respectively, of the @entity0 treated with @entity6 or @entity4 , the majority being mild and reversible and only 3% and 3%, respectively, requiring discontinuation of the therapy. The t 1/2 for @entity6 following a 1 g i.v. bolus was 2.0 h in six @entity0 with creatinine clearance above 80 ml/min and 3.0 h in seven @entity0 with @entity3 clearance between 35-75 ml/min.

title: Randomized comparison of @entity6 and @entity4 in gram-negative upper XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity6 in hospitalized @entity0 with upper @entity1 ( @entity1 ), a comparative clinical study with @entity4 was performed. 62/60% ( @entity6 / @entity4 ) of the @entity0 had a complicating factor, @entity5 . I.v. bolus injections were used at a dose of 1 g @entity6 or 1.5 g @entity4 t.i.d., for a mean of 8.2 days (range: five to 14 days) except in @entity0 with @entity2 , who received a mean of 10.3 days (range: seven to 13 days) of therapy. 89% of the @entity0 treated with @entity6 and 87% of those who received @entity4 showed clinical cure and the bacteriological cure rate at one week post-therapy was 70% and 73% in the respective groups. The relapse/reinfection rate was high with both drugs; bacteriological cure at one month post-therapy was only 43% after @entity6 and 40% after @entity4 . This suggests that these infections may need longer treatment times. Superinfections, mostly asymptomatic urinary colonization, occurred in 7% and 3%, respectively, and adverse reactions in 23% and 12%, respectively, of the @entity0 treated with @entity6 or @entity4 , the majority being mild and reversible and only 3% and 3%, respectively, requiring discontinuation of the therapy. The t 1/2 for @entity6 following a 1 g i.v. bolus was 2.0 h in six @entity0 with creatinine clearance above 80 ml/min and 3.0 h in seven @entity0 with @entity3 clearance between 35-75 ml/min.

title: Randomized comparison of XXXX and @entity4 in gram-negative upper @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics of 2 microm continuous wave laser vaporization resection for the treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: A total of 56 @entity0 with 68 @entity2 underwent 2 microm laser vaporization resection via a transurethral cystoscope under caudal anesthesia. In the operation, the wall of the urinary bladder was vaporized and cut, the muscular layers were removed, and then the specimens were sent for pathological inspection separately. The following variables were recorded: operation time, @entity3 , complications during and after the operation, pathology staging of the @entity1 , and follow-up visit time. RESULTS: All @entity0 endured the operation. The mean surgery time was 8.8 +/- 3.3 minutes (range, 4 to 15 minutes). @entity3 was minimal, no @entity0 experienced an obturator nerve reflection, or a @entity4 after the operation. The pathology staging of the @entity1 were as follows: 40 cases (total 47 @entity1 ) were T1 stage; 16 cases (total 21 @entity1 ) were T2 stage. The follow-up periods were between 12 to 17 months, and the mean period was 14.5 months. @entity1 recurrences were found in 3 cases, and one @entity0 suffered two recurrences, the total recurrence rate was 5.3%. There was no primary recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The 2 microm continuous wave laser is a new, safe and efficacious method for the treatment of @entity2 . Because the 2 microm laser can vaporize and cut the muscular layers of the bladder finely, it can not only treat superficial @entity2 efficiently, but also treat some types of invasive @entity1 of the bladder.

title: [Continuous wave laser of 2 microm for XXXX treatment].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively review the clinical features and treatment strategy of @entity4 in adolescents initially misdiagnosed as @entity7 . METHODS: From 1998 to 2007, nineteen adolescents with @entity4 were admitted to our hospital. All of them presented a scoliotic curve as their first complaint. There were 10 males and 9 females with the age ranged from 14 to 20 years. The disc herniation located at L(4,5) in 10 @entity0 , at L(5)S(1) in 7, and at L(4)-S(1) in 2. The Cobb angle ranged from 23 degrees to 38 degrees . The distance from the C(7) plumb line to the central sacral line averaged 4.7 cm. All the @entity0 underwent conventional open discectomy, followed by a pelvic traction for 3 weeks. A cast fixation for one month was recommended for further correction of @entity6 if the curve improvement was not obvious. RESULTS: Fourteen (73.7%) @entity0 had a disc herniation at the convex side of lumbar curve, and 5 (26.3%) @entity0 had a disc herniation at the concave side, which showed a marginal statistical correlation between the side of the disc herniation and the direction of lumbar curve (P = 0.07). Leg @entity2 and @entity5 disappeared in the 19 @entity0 after surgical decompression. After the pelvic traction for 3 weeks postoperatively, the Cobb angle reduced to 14 degrees, with the mean distance from the C(7) plumb line to the central sacral line of 2.2 cm. At a mean follow-up of 21 months, neither the recurrence of @entity3 and leg @entity2 nor the loss of spontaneous @entity6 correction was found. CONCLUSIONS: Care should be taken to the diagnosis of @entity4 in adolescents with @entity1 as their chief complaint. Satisfactory clinical results can be achieved by early diagnosis and proper treatment.

title: [Clinical evaluation of adolescent XXXX misdiagnosed as @entity7 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively review the clinical features and treatment strategy of @entity4 in adolescents initially misdiagnosed as @entity7 . METHODS: From 1998 to 2007, nineteen adolescents with @entity4 were admitted to our hospital. All of them presented a scoliotic curve as their first complaint. There were 10 males and 9 females with the age ranged from 14 to 20 years. The disc herniation located at L(4,5) in 10 @entity0 , at L(5)S(1) in 7, and at L(4)-S(1) in 2. The Cobb angle ranged from 23 degrees to 38 degrees . The distance from the C(7) plumb line to the central sacral line averaged 4.7 cm. All the @entity0 underwent conventional open discectomy, followed by a pelvic traction for 3 weeks. A cast fixation for one month was recommended for further correction of @entity6 if the curve improvement was not obvious. RESULTS: Fourteen (73.7%) @entity0 had a disc herniation at the convex side of lumbar curve, and 5 (26.3%) @entity0 had a disc herniation at the concave side, which showed a marginal statistical correlation between the side of the disc herniation and the direction of lumbar curve (P = 0.07). Leg @entity2 and @entity5 disappeared in the 19 @entity0 after surgical decompression. After the pelvic traction for 3 weeks postoperatively, the Cobb angle reduced to 14 degrees, with the mean distance from the C(7) plumb line to the central sacral line of 2.2 cm. At a mean follow-up of 21 months, neither the recurrence of @entity3 and leg @entity2 nor the loss of spontaneous @entity6 correction was found. CONCLUSIONS: Care should be taken to the diagnosis of @entity4 in adolescents with @entity1 as their chief complaint. Satisfactory clinical results can be achieved by early diagnosis and proper treatment.

title: [Clinical evaluation of adolescent @entity4 misdiagnosed as XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: The Ponseti method of treating @entity2 has been shown to be effective in @entity0 up to two years of age. However, it is not known whether it is successful in older @entity0 . We retrospectively reviewed 17 @entity0 (24 feet) with @entity2 who presented after walking age and had undergone no previous treatment. All were treated by the method described by Ponseti, with minor modifications. The mean age at presentation was 3.9 years (1.2 to 9.0) and the mean follow-up was for 3.1 years (2.1 to 5.6). The mean time of immobilisation in a cast was 3.9 months (1.5 to 6.0). A painless plantigrade foot was obtained in 16 feet without the need for extensive soft-tissue release and/or bony procedures. Four @entity0 (7 feet) had recurrent equinus which required a second tenotomy. Failure was observed in five @entity0 (8 feet) who required a posterior release for full correction of the @entity1 . We conclude that the Ponseti method is a safe, effective and low-cost treatment for neglected idiopathic @entity2 presenting after walking age.

title: Correction of neglected idiopathic XXXX by the Ponseti method.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic factors of @entity4 (ESCC) after esophagectomy. METHODS: The clinicopathologic data of 716 @entity0 with @entity3 ESCC from January 1990 to December 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 538 male and 178 female @entity0 aged from 24 to 78 years old with a median of 57 years old. Cumulative survival rate was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the Log-rank test. COX regression model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis. RESULTS: The overall 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 82.9%, 44.3%, 34.2% and 25.7% respectively. The 5-year survival rates was 80.0%, 51.2%, 19.7% and 13.3% for stage I, stage IIA, stage IIB and stage III respectively. Of the 716 @entity0 , 151 (21.1%) @entity0 recurred, including 48 (84.2%) of stage IIA recurrence, 22 (91.7%) of stage IIB recurrence and 63 (90.0%) of stage III recurrence occurred within 3 years postoperatively. Univariate analysis revealed that the factors impacting the prognosis were gender, depth of invasion, lymph node @entity1 , pathologic stage, number of lymph node metastatic field, differentiation, surgical margin and @entity2 relapse. Multivariate analysis showed that depth of invasion, lymph node @entity1 , pathologic stage and @entity2 relapse were independently associated to poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Depth of invasion, lymph node @entity1 , pathologic stage and @entity2 relapse are the independent factors of ESCC. Surgery is still the primary treatment for @entity2 ; but it is suggested to adopt surgical treatment as primary modality combined with other therapies for @entity2 .

title: [Surgical treatment and prognosis in @entity0 with squamous cell carcinoma of XXXX esophagus].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic factors of @entity4 (ESCC) after esophagectomy. METHODS: The clinicopathologic data of 716 @entity0 with @entity3 ESCC from January 1990 to December 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 538 male and 178 female @entity0 aged from 24 to 78 years old with a median of 57 years old. Cumulative survival rate was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the Log-rank test. COX regression model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis. RESULTS: The overall 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 82.9%, 44.3%, 34.2% and 25.7% respectively. The 5-year survival rates was 80.0%, 51.2%, 19.7% and 13.3% for stage I, stage IIA, stage IIB and stage III respectively. Of the 716 @entity0 , 151 (21.1%) @entity0 recurred, including 48 (84.2%) of stage IIA recurrence, 22 (91.7%) of stage IIB recurrence and 63 (90.0%) of stage III recurrence occurred within 3 years postoperatively. Univariate analysis revealed that the factors impacting the prognosis were gender, depth of invasion, lymph node @entity1 , pathologic stage, number of lymph node metastatic field, differentiation, surgical margin and @entity2 relapse. Multivariate analysis showed that depth of invasion, lymph node @entity1 , pathologic stage and @entity2 relapse were independently associated to poor prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Depth of invasion, lymph node @entity1 , pathologic stage and @entity2 relapse are the independent factors of ESCC. Surgery is still the primary treatment for @entity2 ; but it is suggested to adopt surgical treatment as primary modality combined with other therapies for @entity2 .

title: [Surgical treatment and prognosis in XXXX with squamous cell carcinoma of @entity3 esophagus].

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity6 is one of the most lethal @entity1 . An estimated 32,300 @entity0 will die of @entity6 in year 2006. It is the tenth most common @entity1 in the United States. Despite recent advances in pathology, molecular basis and treatment, the overall survival rate remains 4% for all stages and races. Palliative care represents an important aspect of care in @entity0 with @entity11 . Identifying and treating disease related symptomology are priorities. As a physician taking care of these @entity0 it is essential to know these symptoms and treatment modalities. This review discusses symptom management and supportive care strategies. Common problems include @entity2 , @entity7 , @entity3 , @entity10 , @entity5 - @entity9 and @entity4 . Success is needed in managing these symptoms to palliate @entity0 with advanced @entity6 . @entity6 is a model illness to learn the palliative and supportive management in @entity1 @entity0 . It is important for oncologists to recognize the importance of control measures and supportive measures that can minimize the symptoms of @entity8 and side effects of @entity1 treatment.

title: Supportive and palliative care of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The special patterns of the slow wave activity in irrittable bowel syndrome by means of surface electromyography were examined and the effect of @entity5 on the symptoms and on the colonic motility in this disease was estimated. Twenty two @entity0 with @entity4 and 7 healthy controls were selected to the study. The clinical symptoms were @entity2 and bloating in all @entity0 , @entity3 in 9, and @entity1 in 6 cases. Surface electromyography was carried out before and on the 14th day of the treatment with @entity5 (50 mg t. i. d). The colonic motility was analysed in a 2 hour fasting and a 2 hour postprandial period following a standard (800 kCal) meal. The slow wave frequency of 0.01-0.04 Hz were selected and analysed. The mean frequency of activity peaks (n/10 min) and power-index (area under curve, microV 10 min) were measured. For statistical analysis Student's t-test was applied. Electromyogram of @entity0 with @entity4 showed a significant increase of the measured colonic motility parameters both in fasting and postprandial states. Fourteen days of @entity5 treatment was able to significantly reduce the intensity of the colonic motor activity. Administration of @entity5 completely released in 6 and significantly improved the @entity2 in other 12 @entity0 , while the bloating disappeared in 12 and was significantly improved in 5 from 22 @entity0 . @entity5 was able to normalise the stool frequency: the weekly number of stools was decreased from 16 to 7 in the @entity0 complaining @entity1 ant it was increased from 2 to 6 in the @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: [Effectiveness of XXXX therapy on colonic motility disorders in @entity4 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: The special patterns of the slow wave activity in irrittable bowel syndrome by means of surface electromyography were examined and the effect of @entity5 on the symptoms and on the colonic motility in this disease was estimated. Twenty two @entity0 with @entity4 and 7 healthy controls were selected to the study. The clinical symptoms were @entity2 and bloating in all @entity0 , @entity3 in 9, and @entity1 in 6 cases. Surface electromyography was carried out before and on the 14th day of the treatment with @entity5 (50 mg t. i. d). The colonic motility was analysed in a 2 hour fasting and a 2 hour postprandial period following a standard (800 kCal) meal. The slow wave frequency of 0.01-0.04 Hz were selected and analysed. The mean frequency of activity peaks (n/10 min) and power-index (area under curve, microV 10 min) were measured. For statistical analysis Student's t-test was applied. Electromyogram of @entity0 with @entity4 showed a significant increase of the measured colonic motility parameters both in fasting and postprandial states. Fourteen days of @entity5 treatment was able to significantly reduce the intensity of the colonic motor activity. Administration of @entity5 completely released in 6 and significantly improved the @entity2 in other 12 @entity0 , while the bloating disappeared in 12 and was significantly improved in 5 from 22 @entity0 . @entity5 was able to normalise the stool frequency: the weekly number of stools was decreased from 16 to 7 in the @entity0 complaining @entity1 ant it was increased from 2 to 6 in the @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: [Effectiveness of @entity5 therapy on colonic motility disorders in XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: Germination of Rhizopus oligosporus sporangiospores is characterized by swelling of the spores and subsequent emergence of germ tubes. Changes in spore morphology and alterations in intracellular pH (pH(infin)) of the sporangiospores were assessed during the germination process by flow cytometry. Sporangiospores were stained with @entity3 by incubation with @entity4 . The nonfluorescent @entity4 is passively transported into intact cells and subsequently cleaved by esterases, which results in intracellular accumulation of the fluorescent @entity3 . Given that the fluorescence of @entity3 is pH dependent, the pH(infin) of the individual spores could be assessed simultaneously with spore size. For R. oligosporus, swelling of the sporangiospores was accompanied by an increase of pH(infin). In the presence of @entity6 , a self-inhibitor produced by various fungi, increase of the pH(infin) was prevented and swelling was inhibited at concentrations of less than 1 mM. @entity2 and @entity5 were equally effective. @entity0 also inhibited germination but at much higher concentrations (>8 mM). The mechanism of action of these @entity1 is most likely dissipation of the pH gradient. A model is proposed in which the pH(infin) plays a crucial role in the germination of R. oligosporus sporangiospores.

title: XXXX , a Fungal Self-Inhibitor, Prevents Germination of Rhizopus oligosporus Sporangiospores by Dissipation of the pH Gradient.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Intra-alveolar root @entity3 of posterior teeth are rare when compared with other @entity5 . This case report describes one vertical and two horizontal root @entity3 of teeth 3, 14, and 15. The teeth all tested normal to cold and electric pulp tests. The @entity0 reported no history of accidental @entity1 , and no signs of @entity4 were found. These @entity3 were discovered during a routine full-mouth radiographic survey. All teeth were asymptomatic and in good function. During the 11 yr that followed, there was no dental treatment, except for routine periodontal maintenance. The @entity0 had one abscess that occurred after 9 yr on tooth 3, which had to be extracted. The upper left molars are surprisingly still in function and asymptomatic. Either occlusal or lateral @entity1 may be the cause of these @entity3 . This would strongly suggest night guard appliances for @entity0 who clench or grind. A psychological evaluation of the @entity0 might reveal @entity6 , @entity2 , or stress situations affecting teeth.

title: Unusual horizontal and vertical root XXXX of maxillary molars: an 11-year follow-up.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity0 and @entity7 (IRI) is considered an inflammatory syndrome. To move forward in its pathogenesis, we exploited the role of several cytokines on @entity0 triggered by IRI. Specifically to evaluate the role of @entity4 immune profile in this system, IL-12, @entity2 , and @entity2 /IL-12 deficient (KO) @entity1 on C57BL/6 background and their controls were subjected to IRI. In each group, blood and kidney samples were harvested. Renal function was evaluated by serum @entity6 and renal morphometric analyses. Gene expression of @entity5 and @entity8 were also investigated by Q-PCR. @entity2 KO animals presented the @entity3 in renal function compared to controls. Conversely, IL-12 KO animals were absolutely protected and, in a lesser extent, @entity2 /IL-12 KO double knockout was also protected from IRI. Gene expression analyses showed higher expression of @entity8 , a cytoprotective gene, and @entity5 , a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in @entity2 deficient animals subjected to IRI. Our results confirm that @entity4 related cytokines such as IL-12 and @entity2 are critically involved in @entity0 and @entity7 .

title: Critical involvement of @entity4 -related cytokines in XXXX induced by ischemia and reperfusion.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 and @entity7 (IRI) is considered an inflammatory syndrome. To move forward in its pathogenesis, we exploited the role of several cytokines on @entity0 triggered by IRI. Specifically to evaluate the role of @entity4 immune profile in this system, IL-12, @entity2 , and @entity2 /IL-12 deficient (KO) @entity1 on C57BL/6 background and their controls were subjected to IRI. In each group, blood and kidney samples were harvested. Renal function was evaluated by serum @entity6 and renal morphometric analyses. Gene expression of @entity5 and @entity8 were also investigated by Q-PCR. @entity2 KO animals presented the @entity3 in renal function compared to controls. Conversely, IL-12 KO animals were absolutely protected and, in a lesser extent, @entity2 /IL-12 KO double knockout was also protected from IRI. Gene expression analyses showed higher expression of @entity8 , a cytoprotective gene, and @entity5 , a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in @entity2 deficient animals subjected to IRI. Our results confirm that @entity4 related cytokines such as IL-12 and @entity2 are critically involved in @entity0 and @entity7 .

title: Critical involvement of XXXX -related cytokines in @entity0 induced by ischemia and reperfusion.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The physiology of the deep-sea hyperthermophilic, anaerobic vent archaeon @entity3 , originating from the Fiji Basin at a depth of 2,000 m, was studied under diverse conditions. The emphasis of these studies lay in the growth and survival of this archaeon under the different conditions present in the natural habitat. Incubation under in situ pressure (20 MPa) and at 40 MPa increased the maximal and minimal growth temperatures by 4(deg)C. In situ pressure enhanced survival at a lethal high temperature (106 to 112(deg)C) relative to that at low pressure (0.3 MPa). The whole-cell protein profile, analyzed by one-dimensional @entity2 gel electrophoresis, did not change in cultures grown under low or high pressure at optimal and minimal growth temperatures, but several changes were observed at the maximal growth temperature under in situ pressure. The complex lipid pattern of @entity3 grown under in situ and 0.1- to 0.5-MPa pressures at different temperatures was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography. The phospholipids became more complex at a low growth temperature at both pressures but their profiles were not superimposable; fewer differences were observed in the core lipids. The polar lipids were composed of only one phospholipid in cells grown under in situ pressure at high temperatures. Survival in the presence of @entity1 and under starvation conditions was examined. @entity1 was toxic to @entity3 at growth range temperature, but the strain survived for several weeks at 4(deg)C. The strain was not affected by starvation in a minimal medium for at least 1 month at 4(deg)C and only minimally affected @entity0 (deg)C for several days. Cells were more resistant to @entity1 in starvation medium. A drastic change in protein profile, depending on incubation time, was observed in cells when starved at growth temperature.

title: Physiological Responses to Stress Conditions and Barophilic Behavior of the Hyperthermophilic Vent Archaeon XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Evidence suggests that locally advanced @entity3 may be more effectively treated with induction chemotherapy followed by radiation or concurrent chemoradiation compared with radiation alone. The majority of combined modality regimens evaluated in mature clinical trials incorporated @entity2 -based combinations, but none has incorporated newer active systemic agents or fully examined the potential role of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation. The Fox Chase Cancer Center and its affiliate network have evaluated induction chemotherapy with @entity4 plus @entity6 with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor priming followed by concurrent systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy in @entity0 with locally advanced @entity3 . The regimen has been well-tolerated and @entity4 dose escalation continues. The major response to combined therapy was 55% in the first 38 evaluable @entity0 , and the 1-year survival rate is 72%. Median survival is 15 months. The primary @entity1 following induction therapy has been myelotoxicity, which has been mild in severity. During concurrent therapy, the major @entity1 has been @entity5 ; only limited nonhematologic @entity1 has been observed. Other studies evaluating different chemoradiation regimens have reported varying results. @entity4 / @entity6 -based combinations, administered cyclically at or near full systemic dose in combination with radiation, are feasible. Randomized studies are needed to determine the proper sequencing, potential survival benefits, and relative safety profiles of these combined modality regimens.

title: Concurrent chemoradiation using @entity4 and @entity6 in locally advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Evidence suggests that locally advanced @entity3 may be more effectively treated with induction chemotherapy followed by radiation or concurrent chemoradiation compared with radiation alone. The majority of combined modality regimens evaluated in mature clinical trials incorporated @entity2 -based combinations, but none has incorporated newer active systemic agents or fully examined the potential role of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation. The Fox Chase Cancer Center and its affiliate network have evaluated induction chemotherapy with @entity4 plus @entity6 with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor priming followed by concurrent systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy in @entity0 with locally advanced @entity3 . The regimen has been well-tolerated and @entity4 dose escalation continues. The major response to combined therapy was 55% in the first 38 evaluable @entity0 , and the 1-year survival rate is 72%. Median survival is 15 months. The primary @entity1 following induction therapy has been myelotoxicity, which has been mild in severity. During concurrent therapy, the major @entity1 has been @entity5 ; only limited nonhematologic @entity1 has been observed. Other studies evaluating different chemoradiation regimens have reported varying results. @entity4 / @entity6 -based combinations, administered cyclically at or near full systemic dose in combination with radiation, are feasible. Randomized studies are needed to determine the proper sequencing, potential survival benefits, and relative safety profiles of these combined modality regimens.

title: Concurrent chemoradiation using @entity4 and XXXX in locally advanced @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Evidence suggests that locally advanced @entity3 may be more effectively treated with induction chemotherapy followed by radiation or concurrent chemoradiation compared with radiation alone. The majority of combined modality regimens evaluated in mature clinical trials incorporated @entity2 -based combinations, but none has incorporated newer active systemic agents or fully examined the potential role of induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiation. The Fox Chase Cancer Center and its affiliate network have evaluated induction chemotherapy with @entity4 plus @entity6 with or without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor priming followed by concurrent systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy in @entity0 with locally advanced @entity3 . The regimen has been well-tolerated and @entity4 dose escalation continues. The major response to combined therapy was 55% in the first 38 evaluable @entity0 , and the 1-year survival rate is 72%. Median survival is 15 months. The primary @entity1 following induction therapy has been myelotoxicity, which has been mild in severity. During concurrent therapy, the major @entity1 has been @entity5 ; only limited nonhematologic @entity1 has been observed. Other studies evaluating different chemoradiation regimens have reported varying results. @entity4 / @entity6 -based combinations, administered cyclically at or near full systemic dose in combination with radiation, are feasible. Randomized studies are needed to determine the proper sequencing, potential survival benefits, and relative safety profiles of these combined modality regimens.

title: Concurrent chemoradiation using XXXX and @entity6 in locally advanced @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. We characterized the responses of @entity0 airways and pulmonary vessels to a variety of endogenous mediators in the isolated perfused and ventilated @entity0 lung (IPL) and compared them with those in precision-cut lung slices. 2. Airways: The EC50 (microM) for contractions of airways in IPL/slices was @entity5 (Mch), 6.1/1.5> @entity2 , 0.7/2.0> @entity8 (TP-receptor agonist), 0.1/0.06> @entity11 , 0.1/0.05. In the IPL, maximum increase in airway resistance (RL) was 0.6, 0.4, 0.8 and 11 cm @entity4 s ml(-1), respectively. @entity3 (< or =1 mM), @entity9 (< or =100 microM), @entity1 (< or =10 mM), LTC4 (< or =1 microM), PAF (0.25 microM) and @entity10 (< or =100 microM) had only weak effects (<5% of Mch) on RL. 3. Vessels: The EC50 (microM) for vasoconstriction in the IPL was LTC4, 0.06> @entity8 , 0.05< @entity11 , 0.02. The maximum increase in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was 11, 41 and 48 cm @entity4 , respectively. At 250 nM, the activity of PAF was comparable to that of LTC4. At 100 microM only, @entity10 caused a largely variable increase in @entity6 . @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity9 , @entity1 and Mch had no or only very small effects on PAP. 4. Hyperresponsiveness: In both the IPL and slices, @entity8 in subthreshold concentrations (10 nM) reduced the EC50 to 0.6 microM. In the IPL, @entity8 raised the maximum airway response to Mch 5 fold and the maximum PAF-induced vasoconstriction 4 fold. 5. CONCLUSION: @entity0 precision-cut lung slices maintain important characteristics of the whole organ. The maximum reagibility of @entity0 airways to endogenous mediators is @entity2 <Mch< @entity8 <ET-1. The reagibility of the @entity0 pulmonary vasculature is @entity2 <LTC4 approximately = to PAF< @entity8 <ET-1. The airway and vessel hyperreactivity induced by @entity8 raises the possibility that @entity7 contributes directly to airway hyperresponsiveness in various experimental and clinical settings.

title: Characterization of airway and vascular responses in XXXX lungs.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 are widely used in biotechnology applications. Since @entity3 are natural compounds, they can be safely used in pharmaceutical applications, e.g., as a solvent additive for protein purification and as an excipient for protein formulations. At high concentrations, certain @entity3 are found to raise intra-cellular osmotic pressure and adjust to the high salt concentrations of the surrounding medium. They are called "compatible solutes", since they do not affect macromolecular function. Not only are they needed to increase the osmotic pressure, they are known to increase the stability of the proteins. @entity2 , @entity1 and certain @entity3 were used to enhance the stability of unstable proteins after isolation from natural environments. The mechanism of the action of these protein-stabilizing @entity3 is relatively well understood. On the contrary, @entity0 was accidentally discovered as a useful reagent for assisting in the refolding of recombinant proteins. This effect of @entity0 was ascribed to its ability to suppress aggregation of the proteins during refolding, thereby increasing refolding efficiency. By the same mechanism, @entity0 now finds much wider applications than previously anticipated in the research and development of proteins, in particular in pharmaceutical applications. For example, @entity0 solubilizes proteins from loose inclusion bodies, resulting in efficient production of active proteins. @entity0 suppresses protein-protein interactions in solution and also non-specific adsorption to gel permeation chromatography columns. @entity0 facilitates elution of bound proteins from various column resins, including Protein-A or dye affinity columns and hydrophobic interaction columns. This review covers various biotechnology applications of @entity3 , in particular @entity0 .

title: Biotechnology applications of XXXX in protein purification and formulations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 affects @entity0 at a peak age of reproductive functioning, but few studies have examined the impact of pregnancy on @entity5 . AIM: To examine the impact of pregnancy on symptoms of @entity4 and associated psychopathology. METHOD: @entity0 actively suffering from @entity4 during pregnancy (n = 94) were interviewed using the eating disorder examination (12th @entity6 ) and structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R, with additional structured questions. Behaviours were recorded at conception, each trimester and postnatally. Relative risks were calculated for prognostic factors. RESULTS: Bulimic symptoms improved throughout pregnancy. After delivery, 57% had worse symptoms than pre-pregnancy, but 34% were no longer bulimic. Relapse was predicted by behavioural severity and persistence, previous anorexia nervosa (' @entity5 ), gestational @entity1 and 'unplanned' pregnancy. Unplanned pregnancies were the norm, usually resulting from mistaken beliefs about fertility. ' @entity3 ' was suggested in one-third of the sample, and in two-thirds of those with' @entity5 , and was predicted by @entity2 misuse, symptom severity and persistence. CONCLUSIONS: Postnatal treatment intervention should focus on @entity0 'at risk' of relapse, but all @entity0 with @entity5 should be assessed for postnatal @entity3 .

title: Impact of pregnancy on XXXX .

answer: @entity4