abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 ( @entity6 ) is an active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Chuanxiong. Previously, we have shown that @entity6 induces @entity0 SH-SY5Y @entity2 cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype by targeting topoisomeraseIIb (TopoIIb), a protein implicated in neural development. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate whether the transcriptional factors @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and nuclear factor Y (NF-Y), in addition to the upstream signaling pathways @entity4 and @entity7 / @entity3 , are involved in modulating TopoIIb expression in the neuronal differentiation process. We demonstrated that SH-SY5Y cells treated with @entity6 (80 M) terminally differentiated into neurons, characterized by increased neuronal markers, tubulin bIII and @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and increased neurite outgrowth, with no negative effect on cell survival. @entity6 also increased the expression of TopoIIb, which was accompanied by increased expression of @entity5 in the differentiated neuron-like cells, whereas NF-Y protein levels remained unchanged following the differentiation progression. We also found that the phosphorylation level of @entity3 , but not @entity4 , was significantly increased as a result of @entity6 stimulation. Furthermore, as established by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, activation of the @entity7 / @entity3 pathway increased @entity5 binding to the promoter of the TopoIIb gene. Blockage of @entity7 / @entity3 was shown to lead to subsequent inhibition of TopoIIb expression and neuronal differentiation. Collectively, the results indicate that the @entity7 / @entity3 / @entity5 /TopoIIb signaling pathway is necessary for @entity6 -induced neuronal differentiation. Our findings offer mechanistic insights into understanding the upstream regulation of TopoIIb in neuronal differentiation, and suggest potential applications of @entity6 both in neuroscience research and clinical practice to treat relevant @entity1 .

title: @entity9 induces SH-SY5Y cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype through activation of the XXXX / @entity3 / @entity5 /TopoIIb pathway.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 ( @entity6 ) is an active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Chuanxiong. Previously, we have shown that @entity6 induces @entity0 SH-SY5Y @entity2 cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype by targeting topoisomeraseIIb (TopoIIb), a protein implicated in neural development. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate whether the transcriptional factors @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and nuclear factor Y (NF-Y), in addition to the upstream signaling pathways @entity4 and @entity7 / @entity3 , are involved in modulating TopoIIb expression in the neuronal differentiation process. We demonstrated that SH-SY5Y cells treated with @entity6 (80 M) terminally differentiated into neurons, characterized by increased neuronal markers, tubulin bIII and @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and increased neurite outgrowth, with no negative effect on cell survival. @entity6 also increased the expression of TopoIIb, which was accompanied by increased expression of @entity5 in the differentiated neuron-like cells, whereas NF-Y protein levels remained unchanged following the differentiation progression. We also found that the phosphorylation level of @entity3 , but not @entity4 , was significantly increased as a result of @entity6 stimulation. Furthermore, as established by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, activation of the @entity7 / @entity3 pathway increased @entity5 binding to the promoter of the TopoIIb gene. Blockage of @entity7 / @entity3 was shown to lead to subsequent inhibition of TopoIIb expression and neuronal differentiation. Collectively, the results indicate that the @entity7 / @entity3 / @entity5 /TopoIIb signaling pathway is necessary for @entity6 -induced neuronal differentiation. Our findings offer mechanistic insights into understanding the upstream regulation of TopoIIb in neuronal differentiation, and suggest potential applications of @entity6 both in neuroscience research and clinical practice to treat relevant @entity1 .

title: @entity9 induces SH-SY5Y cell differentiation toward the neuronal phenotype through activation of the @entity7 / XXXX / @entity5 /TopoIIb pathway.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Laparoscopy allows hysterectomies after chemoradiation to be performed without opening the abdominal wall. We measured the costs and quality of life for locally advanced cervical @entity1 @entity0 operated on via laparoscopy compared to laparotomy. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted an observational prospective multicenter study on locally advanced cervical @entity1 @entity0 undergoing an extrafascial hysterectomy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). We assessed the costs from the medical visit before surgery up to the first month after surgery from the providers' perspective and measured the quality of life using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CX24 up to six months. RESULTS: Sixty two @entity0 (39 laparoscopy and 23 laparotomy) from December 2008 to November 2011 were included. There was no difference in operative time, or intraoperative and post-operative complication rates between the two groups. Intraoperative transfusion and abdominal drain were significantly lower in the laparoscopy group (respectively, p  =  0.04 and p  <  0.01), as well as the duration of hospital stay (7.3  d vs 5.7  d, p  <  0.001). All @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy were discharged to home, whereas 4 laparotomy @entity0 used convalescence homes (p  =  0.01). Mean costs at one month were    10,991 for laparotomy and    11,267 for laparoscopy (p  =  0.76). Sexual activity is better for the laparoscopy group at six months (p  =  0.01). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy for an extrafascial hysterectomy after CRT in locally advanced cervical @entity1 @entity0 brought better quality of life with similar costs compared to laparotomy, and should therefore be the first choice for surgeons.

title: Laparoscopic hysterectomy after concurrent radiochemotherapy in locally advanced cervical XXXX compared to laparotomy: A multi institutional prospective pilot study of cost, surgical outcome and quality of life.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The role of @entity1 and fibrinolysis for the development of @entity3 and @entity9 has been discussed. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of @entity1 and fibrinolysis, to predict the outcome after surgery for @entity5 . METHODS: 177 @entity0 were recruited. High sensitive @entity6 (hsCRP), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity7 , and D-dimer were analyzed preoperatively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and @entity2 , @entity4 Index (ODI), and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) were assessed preoperatively and at 6  weeks, 6-, 12-, and 24-  months postoperatively. Dichotomization was made at the median for the laboratory analyses, and between the worst quartile and the other three quartiles for the outcome variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios (OR) and 95  % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The associations between @entity8 and outcome seemed to be most prominent at the 6 and 12-month follow-up. When being in the upper half of @entity8 , the OR for being in the worst quartile of @entity3 12  months postoperatively was 3.33 (1.56-7.10). The corresponding OR for VAS @entity2 was 2.46 (1.18-5.10), for ODI 2.83 (1.35-5.94) and for EQ-5D 2.73 (1.30-5.75). The OR for hsCRP was 2.10 (1.03-4.29) for being in the worst quartile of @entity3 . @entity7 or D-dimer was not associated with any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: High @entity8 , a marker of fibrinolysis, was fairly consistently associated with poor outcome, while hsCRP, @entity7 , and D-dimer were not.

title: Markers of @entity1 and fibrinolysis in relation to outcome after surgery for XXXX . A prospective study on 177 @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The role of @entity1 and fibrinolysis for the development of @entity3 and @entity9 has been discussed. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of @entity1 and fibrinolysis, to predict the outcome after surgery for @entity5 . METHODS: 177 @entity0 were recruited. High sensitive @entity6 (hsCRP), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity7 , and D-dimer were analyzed preoperatively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and @entity2 , @entity4 Index (ODI), and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) were assessed preoperatively and at 6  weeks, 6-, 12-, and 24-  months postoperatively. Dichotomization was made at the median for the laboratory analyses, and between the worst quartile and the other three quartiles for the outcome variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios (OR) and 95  % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The associations between @entity8 and outcome seemed to be most prominent at the 6 and 12-month follow-up. When being in the upper half of @entity8 , the OR for being in the worst quartile of @entity3 12  months postoperatively was 3.33 (1.56-7.10). The corresponding OR for VAS @entity2 was 2.46 (1.18-5.10), for ODI 2.83 (1.35-5.94) and for EQ-5D 2.73 (1.30-5.75). The OR for hsCRP was 2.10 (1.03-4.29) for being in the worst quartile of @entity3 . @entity7 or D-dimer was not associated with any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: High @entity8 , a marker of fibrinolysis, was fairly consistently associated with poor outcome, while hsCRP, @entity7 , and D-dimer were not.

title: Markers of XXXX and fibrinolysis in relation to outcome after surgery for @entity5 . A prospective study on 177 @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The role of @entity1 and fibrinolysis for the development of @entity3 and @entity9 has been discussed. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of @entity1 and fibrinolysis, to predict the outcome after surgery for @entity5 . METHODS: 177 @entity0 were recruited. High sensitive @entity6 (hsCRP), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity7 , and D-dimer were analyzed preoperatively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and @entity2 , @entity4 Index (ODI), and EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) were assessed preoperatively and at 6  weeks, 6-, 12-, and 24-  months postoperatively. Dichotomization was made at the median for the laboratory analyses, and between the worst quartile and the other three quartiles for the outcome variables. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios (OR) and 95  % confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The associations between @entity8 and outcome seemed to be most prominent at the 6 and 12-month follow-up. When being in the upper half of @entity8 , the OR for being in the worst quartile of @entity3 12  months postoperatively was 3.33 (1.56-7.10). The corresponding OR for VAS @entity2 was 2.46 (1.18-5.10), for ODI 2.83 (1.35-5.94) and for EQ-5D 2.73 (1.30-5.75). The OR for hsCRP was 2.10 (1.03-4.29) for being in the worst quartile of @entity3 . @entity7 or D-dimer was not associated with any outcome variable. CONCLUSIONS: High @entity8 , a marker of fibrinolysis, was fairly consistently associated with poor outcome, while hsCRP, @entity7 , and D-dimer were not.

title: Markers of @entity1 and fibrinolysis in relation to outcome after surgery for @entity5 . A prospective study on 177 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Temporal @entity5 (TBSCC) is an uncommon, @entity2 with a poor prognosis in advanced cases. The dismal outcome is partially related to: the lack of reliable clinical or pathological prognostic factors and the largely unstandardized surgical and integrated treatments adopted. There is an undeniable need for novel diagnostic/therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis. The purpose of this critical review was to explore the level of available knowledge concerning the molecular markers involved in the biology of TBSCC that have a prognostic potential. The Pub-Med and Scopus electronic databases were searched without publication date limits for studies investigating molecular markers in cohorts of @entity0 with primary TBSCC. The search terms used were: "temporal @entity10 ", "temporal @entity10 ", "temporal @entity10 ", " @entity12 ", and " @entity1 ". We decided preliminarily not to consider series with less than five cases. Nine retrospective case series of TBSCC were found in which different analytical techniques had been used to study the role of several biomarkers (HPV, @entity9 , transforming growth factor b, CD105, @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity13 , EBV, @entity6 , @entity4 mutation, pSTAT3, @entity11 ). CD105 expression (in @entity1 vessel endothelial cells) and @entity13 cytoplasmic expression (in @entity3 cells) were, respectively, found directly and inversely related with the @entity1 's recurrence rate. CD105 expression was also inversely related with disease-free survival in TBSCC. A future goal of such analyses should be to ascertain the radio- and chemo-sensitivity profiles of individual TBSCCs, enabling truly personalized therapies. A further, more ambitious goal will be to find targets for therapeutic agents that might prove crucial in improving the disease-specific survival for @entity0 with advanced TBSCC.

title: XXXX : a first glance beyond the conventional clinical and pathological prognostic factors.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 antagonists (VKA) have a narrow therapeutic range, and literature analysis reveals poor quality of anticoagulation control. We sought to assess the prevalence of poor anticoagulant control in @entity0 under VKA treatment in the prevention of @entity1 for @entity7 ( @entity7 ). HYPOTHESIS: Control of anticoagulation with VKA is inadequate in a high percentage of @entity0 with @entity7 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity7 under VKA treatment were prospectively recruited in this observational registry. The sample comprised 948 @entity0 . The estimated time spent in the therapeutic range (TTR) was calculated, and variables related with a TTR >65% were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean age was 73.8    9.4 years, and 42.5% of the @entity0 were @entity0 . Mean TTR was 63.77%    23.80% for the direct method and 60.27%    24.48% for the Rosendaal method. Prevalence of poor anticoagulation control was 54%. Variables associated with good anticoagulation control were university studies (odds ratio [OR]: 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-3.64), @entity9 (OR: 8.15, 95% CI: 1.57-42.24), low comorbidity expressed as Charlson index (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99), no previous @entity4 (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.41-0.98), lower risk of @entity6 assessed as @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity1 , @entity6 history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio, elderly age, and use of drugs or @entity3 (HAS-BLED; OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69-0.95), and lower heart rate (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 who receive VKA to prevent @entity1 for @entity7 spend less than half the time within therapeutic range.

title: Quality of Anticoagulation With XXXX Antagonists.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gut-derived bacterial endotoxin is an important cofactor in the pathogenesis of @entity11 . Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for maintenance of peripheral tolerance and can prevent and alleviate @entity11 . To determine the immune modulatory effect of anti- @entity4 enriched hyperimmune colostrum, its ability to induce Tregs and alleviate immune mediated @entity7 . METHODS: Immune-mediated @entity7 was induced in @entity0 by intra-colonic instillation of @entity6 ( @entity12 ). Four groups of @entity0 were orally administered with two dosages of IgG-enriched colostrum fractions. The fractions were harvested from @entity2 immunized against @entity4 derived from intestinal @entity3 bacteria (Imm124E). Control @entity0 received non-immunized colostrum or vehicle (PBS). Treatment was administered one day following sensitization and four additional days following the administration of @entity12 . The following parameters in the @entity0 were tracked: body weight, bowel histology, serum cytokine levels and regulatory T cells. RESULTS: Oral administration of Imm124E hyperimmune colostrum ameliorated immune-mediated @entity7 . Significant amelioration of weight reduction was noted in treated @entity0 . Oral administration of Imm124E improved bowel histology. Both the extent of the disease, @entity1 score, and @entity7 damage and regeneration scores decreased in Imm-124E treated animals. These effects were associated with an increase in serum @entity5 anti inflammatory cytokine levels, and an increase in @entity8   +   @entity10 + and @entity8   +   @entity9 + Tregs. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of Imm124E promoted Tregs and @entity1 in immune mediated @entity7 . The present data suggests that the microbiome may serve as a target for Tregs-based immunotherapy.

title: The gut microbiome as a target for regulatory T cell-based immunotherapy: induction of regulatory lymphocytes by oral administration of anti- XXXX enriched colostrum alleviates immune mediated @entity7 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gut-derived bacterial endotoxin is an important cofactor in the pathogenesis of @entity11 . Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for maintenance of peripheral tolerance and can prevent and alleviate @entity11 . To determine the immune modulatory effect of anti- @entity4 enriched hyperimmune colostrum, its ability to induce Tregs and alleviate immune mediated @entity7 . METHODS: Immune-mediated @entity7 was induced in @entity0 by intra-colonic instillation of @entity6 ( @entity12 ). Four groups of @entity0 were orally administered with two dosages of IgG-enriched colostrum fractions. The fractions were harvested from @entity2 immunized against @entity4 derived from intestinal @entity3 bacteria (Imm124E). Control @entity0 received non-immunized colostrum or vehicle (PBS). Treatment was administered one day following sensitization and four additional days following the administration of @entity12 . The following parameters in the @entity0 were tracked: body weight, bowel histology, serum cytokine levels and regulatory T cells. RESULTS: Oral administration of Imm124E hyperimmune colostrum ameliorated immune-mediated @entity7 . Significant amelioration of weight reduction was noted in treated @entity0 . Oral administration of Imm124E improved bowel histology. Both the extent of the disease, @entity1 score, and @entity7 damage and regeneration scores decreased in Imm-124E treated animals. These effects were associated with an increase in serum @entity5 anti inflammatory cytokine levels, and an increase in @entity8   +   @entity10 + and @entity8   +   @entity9 + Tregs. CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of Imm124E promoted Tregs and @entity1 in immune mediated @entity7 . The present data suggests that the microbiome may serve as a target for Tregs-based immunotherapy.

title: The gut microbiome as a target for regulatory T cell-based immunotherapy: induction of regulatory lymphocytes by oral administration of anti- @entity4 enriched colostrum alleviates immune mediated XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The submental island flap has become increasingly popular in the treatment of @entity3 following @entity2 ablation. However, there was concern that the elevation of the pedicled flap might interfere with the efficiency of level I-lymph node dissection and decrease the oncologic prognosis of the @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective clinical study over five years the outcome of 45 consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 of various T-stages treated with @entity4 was evaluated and compared to 45 @entity0 with a @entity2 treated with free radial forearm flaps. RESULTS: All @entity4 beside three were successful (93.3%). The obtained functional results were pleasing and the donor morbidity low. @entity0 treated with @entity4 exhibited no enhanced risk of local @entity2 recurrence or lymph node @entity1 (p<0.86). In contrast, the operation time, time of intensive care and hospitalization were reduced (p<0.001). DISCUSSION: We conclude that the submental island flap is an effective and predictable option of small and medium-sized oral defect treatment. It is a valuable alternative to free flap soft tissue reconstructions such as radial forearm or perforator flaps. It seems particularly beneficial to @entity0 with relevant comorbidities as often present in the @entity2 population. The application of the submental island flap does not reduce the oncological prognosis of @entity2 @entity0 .

title: The submental island flap for the treatment of XXXX : No effect on recurrence rates.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess clinical outcomes and return to sport in an athletic population treated with @entity1 of the talus. METHODS: A total of 36 @entity0 were included in this retrospective study including 21 professional @entity2 and 15 amateur @entity2 who participated in regular moderate- or high-impact athletic activity. All @entity0 underwent autologous osteochondral transplantation of the talus under the care of a single surgeon. At a mean follow-up of 5.9  years, @entity0 were assessed using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scoring system. All @entity0 also received pre-operative MRI with the follow-up MRI performed at 1  year and underwent assessment of return to athletic activity. RESULTS: The overall AOFAS score improved from 65.5 (SD      11.1) to 89.4 (SD      14.4) (p  =  0.01). At a final follow-up, 90  % of professional @entity2 (19 of 21) were still competing in athletic activity or still able to participate in unrestricted activity. Of the recreational @entity2 , 87  % (13 of 15) had full return to pre-injury activity levels, while two (13  %) returned to activity with restrictions or reduced intensity. MRI showed cystic change in 33  % of @entity0 post-operatively; however, this did not appear to affect outcomes (n.s.). Donor site symptoms were seen in 11  % of the cohort at final follow-up, despite high function at donor knee. CONCLUSION: The results of our study indicate that AOT procedure is able to achieve good outcomes in an athletic population at a midterm follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective case series, Level IV.

title: XXXX of the talus in an athletic population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To measure retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and @entity1 with no light perception due to @entity2 using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. METHODS: Fourteen eyes of 14 @entity0 (9 @entity0 , 5 @entity0 ; mean age 56.0    16.6 (standard deviation)  years] with no light perception due to @entity2 were recruited to this retrospective study. Only clinically stable eyes were included. Eyes were imaged at least 6  months after the onset of the disease. Five @entity0 lost light perception due to @entity2 , four @entity0 had @entity2 , two @entity0 had @entity4 , two @entity0 had @entity2 , and one @entity0 had @entity3 . Global and quadrant RNFLTs were measured with the Cirrus HD-optical coherence tomography (OCT) system; global and hemisphere GCCTs were measured by spectral-domain OCT (RTVue OCT system). Only reliable OCT images were used for further analysis. RESULTS: Reliable RNFL images were obtained in 12 eyes, and reliable GCC images were obtained in 11 eyes. Global, superior, temporal, inferior, and nasal RNFLT were 57.5      6.7, 60.6      7.6, 54.1      11.2, 59.7      9.5, and 55.6      7.4    m, respectively. Global, superior, and inferior GCC thicknesses were 68.8      9.6, 70.7      12.2, and 67.8      8.8    m, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable proportion of RNFL and GCC remained in eyes with no light perception vision. Clinicians should take this into account when evaluating the severity of @entity2 from OCT-measured RNFLT and GCCT.

title: Retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thicknesses measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in eyes with no light perception due to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Background/Aims: Repeat endoscopy with biopsy is often performed in @entity0 with previously diagnosed @entity2 to determine further treatment plans. However, biopsy results may differ from the original pathologic report. We reviewed @entity0 who had a negative biopsy after referral for @entity2 . Methods: A total of 116 @entity0 with negative biopsy results after referral for biopsy-proven @entity2 were enrolled. Outside pathology slides were reviewed. Images of the first and second endoscopic examinations were reviewed. We reviewed the clinical history from referral to the final treatment. Results: Eighty-eight @entity0 (76%) arrived with information about the lesion from the referring physician. Among 96 @entity0 with available outside slides, the rate of interobserver variation was 24%. Endoscopy was repeated at our institution; 85 @entity0 (73%) were found to have definite lesions, whereas 31 @entity0 (27%) had indeterminate lesions. In the group with definite lesions, 71% of the lesions were @entity1 in shape. The most common cause of a negative biopsy was mistargeting. In the group with indeterminate lesions, 94% had insufficient information. All @entity0 with adequate follow-up were successfully treated based on the findings in the follow-up endoscopy. Conclusions: A negative biopsy after referral for biopsy-proven @entity2 is mainly caused by mistargeting and insufficient information during the referral.

title: Negative Biopsy after Referral for Biopsy-Proven XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The reported incidence of hollow viscus injuries (HVI) in blunt @entity1 @entity0 is approximately 1  %. The most common site of injury to the intestine in blunt @entity6 (BAT) is the small bowel followed by colon, with mesenteric injuries occurring three times more commonly than bowel injuries. Isolated @entity4 is a rarely encountered condition. Clinical assessment alone in @entity0 with suspected intestinal or @entity1 after blunt @entity1 is associated with unacceptable diagnostic delays. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case of a 31-year-old @entity0 , admitted to the emergency department after being the restrained driver, involved in a car accident. After initial resuscitation, focused assessment with sonography for @entity1 examination (FAST) was performed revealing a subhepatic mass, suspicious for intraperitoneal @entity5 . A computed tomography scan (CT) that followed showed a @entity5 of the mesocolon of the ascending colon with active extravasation of intravenous contrast material. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, hemoperitomeum was evacuated, and a subserosal @entity5 of the cecum and ascending colon with areas of totally disrupted serosal wall was found. @entity5 of the adjacent mesocolon expanding to the root of mesenteric vessels was also noted. A right hemicolectomy along with primary @entity2 was performed. @entity0 's recovery progressed uneventfully. CONCLUSION: Identifying an isolated @entity1 to the bowel or mesentery after BAT can be a clinical challenge because of its subtle and nonspecific clinical findings; meeting that challenge may eventually lead to a delay in diagnosis and treatment with subsequent increase in associated morbidity and mortality. Isolated @entity4 is a rare finding after blunt @entity1 and usually accompanied by other intra-abdominal organ injuries. Abdominal 'seatbelt' sign, ecchymosis of the abdominal wall, increasing @entity3 and distension are all associated with HVI. However, the accuracy of these findings remains low. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage, ultrasound, CT and diagnostic laparoscopy are used to evaluate BAT. Although CT has become the main diagnostic tool for this type of injuries, there are few pathognomonic signs of @entity4 on CT. Given the potential for devastating outcomes, prompt diagnosis and treatment is necessary and high clinical suspicion is required.

title: Seatbelt sign in a case of blunt XXXX ; what lies beneath it?

answer: @entity6


abstract: We report a male @entity0 with metastatic high-grade @entity8 and associated @entity10 . The @entity0 was transferred to our hospital due to persistent spiking fever, marked granulocytosis, and suspected @entity9 . After thorough bacteriological studies, including cultures of blood and material aspirated from the " @entity9 ", no evidence of @entity5 was documented. The @entity0 suffered from persistent spiking fever for more than 4 weeks in spite of empirical antibiotic treatment, and repeated aspiration of the presupposed @entity9 . He underwent exploratory laparotomy for intended surgical evacuation of the @entity9 and bacteriological diagnosis. The operative findings were compatible with @entity4 with multiple liver and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement and @entity2 @entity3 . The pathology report indicated high-grade @entity8 . Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 . Elevation of cytokine levels in the @entity2 fluid, including @entity7 , @entity6 , granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was confirmed by ELISA test. This case shows that multiple cytokine production from a @entity1 and its central necrotic area in the liver can produce a febrile @entity10 mimicking a pyogenic @entity9 .

title: XXXX resulting from multiple cytokine production in metastatic @entity8 with central @entity3 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: We report a male @entity0 with metastatic high-grade @entity8 and associated @entity10 . The @entity0 was transferred to our hospital due to persistent spiking fever, marked granulocytosis, and suspected @entity9 . After thorough bacteriological studies, including cultures of blood and material aspirated from the " @entity9 ", no evidence of @entity5 was documented. The @entity0 suffered from persistent spiking fever for more than 4 weeks in spite of empirical antibiotic treatment, and repeated aspiration of the presupposed @entity9 . He underwent exploratory laparotomy for intended surgical evacuation of the @entity9 and bacteriological diagnosis. The operative findings were compatible with @entity4 with multiple liver and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement and @entity2 @entity3 . The pathology report indicated high-grade @entity8 . Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 . Elevation of cytokine levels in the @entity2 fluid, including @entity7 , @entity6 , granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was confirmed by ELISA test. This case shows that multiple cytokine production from a @entity1 and its central necrotic area in the liver can produce a febrile @entity10 mimicking a pyogenic @entity9 .

title: @entity10 resulting from multiple cytokine production in metastatic @entity8 with central XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: We report a male @entity0 with metastatic high-grade @entity8 and associated @entity10 . The @entity0 was transferred to our hospital due to persistent spiking fever, marked granulocytosis, and suspected @entity9 . After thorough bacteriological studies, including cultures of blood and material aspirated from the " @entity9 ", no evidence of @entity5 was documented. The @entity0 suffered from persistent spiking fever for more than 4 weeks in spite of empirical antibiotic treatment, and repeated aspiration of the presupposed @entity9 . He underwent exploratory laparotomy for intended surgical evacuation of the @entity9 and bacteriological diagnosis. The operative findings were compatible with @entity4 with multiple liver and retroperitoneal lymph node involvement and @entity2 @entity3 . The pathology report indicated high-grade @entity8 . Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 . Elevation of cytokine levels in the @entity2 fluid, including @entity7 , @entity6 , granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was confirmed by ELISA test. This case shows that multiple cytokine production from a @entity1 and its central necrotic area in the liver can produce a febrile @entity10 mimicking a pyogenic @entity9 .

title: @entity10 resulting from multiple cytokine production in metastatic XXXX with central @entity3 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is one of the leading cancer_mdash;related causes of @entity4 in the world. Several approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, or combinations thereof have been used to treat @entity3 @entity0 . However, the fact that many @entity0 develop a drug resistance during the course of the treatment is a major obstacle. Understanding the mechanisms underlying resistance is critical in order to develop more effective targeted treatments. Recently, several studies have reported on the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the response to anti_mdash; @entity2 drugs and suggested them as a source of predictive biomarkers for the purpose of @entity0 stratification and for the prognosis of treatment success. For example, overexpressing miR_mdash;34a, a master regulator of @entity2 suppression attenuates chemoresistance to 5_mdash;FU by downregulating @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity6 . @entity7 , a miR_mdash;34a replacement is the first synthetic miRNA mimic to enter clinical testing. MiR_mdash;34a antagonizes @entity2 stemness, @entity1 , and chemoresistance processes that are necessary for @entity2 viability. This example shows that miRNAs are coming into focus for the design of enhanced @entity2 therapies that aim to sensitise @entity2 cells for anti_mdash; @entity2 drugs. In this review, we provide an overview on the role of miRNAs in the resistance to current @entity3 therapies. Furthermore, we discuss the value of miRNAs as biomarkers for predicting chemosensitivity and their potential to enhance treatment strategies.

title: The role of microRNAs in the resistance to XXXX treatments.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) have failed to improve long-term outcomes in renal transplantation. Anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects of @entity0 target of @entity7 inhibitors (m- @entity9 ) without nephrotoxicity could improve long-term survival in selected transplant recipients. METHODS: We examined the evolution of 98 low-immunological risk renal transplant recipients on m- @entity9 monotherapy: 7 @entity0 had induction without CNI and 91 were switched to m- @entity9 at 12 ( @entity8 - @entity6 : 4-36) months after transplant. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 46 ( @entity8 - @entity6 : 28.5-72.0) months. Fifteen recipients dropped out of the study (15.3%): 8 @entity0 (8.2%) had to change their immunosuppressive treatment because of complications and 7 (7.1%) lost their grafts as a result of chronic rejection (4 cases) or @entity2 with a functioning graft (3 cases). At the end of follow-up, 83 of 98 (84.6%) recipients remained on monotherapy. The rates of recipient and graft survivals were 100% and 98.8% at 2 years and 96.9% and 93.5% at 4 years; the percentages of @entity0 on monotherapy after 2 and 4 years were 95.2% and 85.2%, respectively. Renal function improved significantly and @entity4 decreased but not significantly. Those @entity0 switched to m- @entity9 significantly received more @entity5 , angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and @entity3 agents than before starting m- @entity9 , whereas there were no significant changes related to the use of statins, body weight, or percentage of @entity1 @entity0 . No case of non-compliance was reported. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the safety and efficacy of monotherapy with m- @entity9 in selected renal transplant recipients.

title: @entity0 Target of XXXX Inhibitor Monotherapy: Efficacy in Renal Transplantation.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) have failed to improve long-term outcomes in renal transplantation. Anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects of @entity0 target of @entity7 inhibitors (m- @entity9 ) without nephrotoxicity could improve long-term survival in selected transplant recipients. METHODS: We examined the evolution of 98 low-immunological risk renal transplant recipients on m- @entity9 monotherapy: 7 @entity0 had induction without CNI and 91 were switched to m- @entity9 at 12 ( @entity8 - @entity6 : 4-36) months after transplant. RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 46 ( @entity8 - @entity6 : 28.5-72.0) months. Fifteen recipients dropped out of the study (15.3%): 8 @entity0 (8.2%) had to change their immunosuppressive treatment because of complications and 7 (7.1%) lost their grafts as a result of chronic rejection (4 cases) or @entity2 with a functioning graft (3 cases). At the end of follow-up, 83 of 98 (84.6%) recipients remained on monotherapy. The rates of recipient and graft survivals were 100% and 98.8% at 2 years and 96.9% and 93.5% at 4 years; the percentages of @entity0 on monotherapy after 2 and 4 years were 95.2% and 85.2%, respectively. Renal function improved significantly and @entity4 decreased but not significantly. Those @entity0 switched to m- @entity9 significantly received more @entity5 , angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and @entity3 agents than before starting m- @entity9 , whereas there were no significant changes related to the use of statins, body weight, or percentage of @entity1 @entity0 . No case of non-compliance was reported. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the safety and efficacy of monotherapy with m- @entity9 in selected renal transplant recipients.

title: XXXX Target of @entity7 Inhibitor Monotherapy: Efficacy in Renal Transplantation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. The neuronal release of @entity3 ( @entity5 ) and its autoregulation by neuromodulators, substance @entity8 ) and @entity6 (MEK), have been studied using superfused rodent cerebral slices. @entity4 exerts significant effects on autoregulation of @entity5 release, which may have toxicological implications. 2. Positive and negative feedback systems have been postulated for autoregulation of @entity5 release. The components of the positive feedback system include a muscarinic (Ms) receptor, SP, and activation of @entity0 influx. Low levels of @entity5 in the biophase of the cholinergic synaptic gap may trigger the positive feedback system, and high levels of @entity5 may trigger the negative feedback system. 3. There are also neuronal pathways for direct reciprocal regulations of SP and MEK. 4. Low concentrations of @entity4 triggers the release of @entity5 followed by MEK and SP. Release of SP causes @entity9 . 5. @entity4 and its metabolite, @entity7 , activate platelet activating factor (PAF)-hydrolase and thereby enhance the turnover rate of PAF. This effect may contribute to @entity1 -induced @entity2 in peripheral and central nervous systems.

title: Neuropharmacology of XXXX : effects on the autoregulation of @entity3 release by substance P and methionine enkephalin in rodent cerebral slices and toxicological implications.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. The neuronal release of @entity3 ( @entity5 ) and its autoregulation by neuromodulators, substance @entity8 ) and @entity6 (MEK), have been studied using superfused rodent cerebral slices. @entity4 exerts significant effects on autoregulation of @entity5 release, which may have toxicological implications. 2. Positive and negative feedback systems have been postulated for autoregulation of @entity5 release. The components of the positive feedback system include a muscarinic (Ms) receptor, SP, and activation of @entity0 influx. Low levels of @entity5 in the biophase of the cholinergic synaptic gap may trigger the positive feedback system, and high levels of @entity5 may trigger the negative feedback system. 3. There are also neuronal pathways for direct reciprocal regulations of SP and MEK. 4. Low concentrations of @entity4 triggers the release of @entity5 followed by MEK and SP. Release of SP causes @entity9 . 5. @entity4 and its metabolite, @entity7 , activate platelet activating factor (PAF)-hydrolase and thereby enhance the turnover rate of PAF. This effect may contribute to @entity1 -induced @entity2 in peripheral and central nervous systems.

title: Neuropharmacology of @entity4 : effects on the autoregulation of XXXX release by substance P and methionine enkephalin in rodent cerebral slices and toxicological implications.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 cells frequently disseminate through the lymphatic system during metastatic spread of @entity0 and many other types of @entity1 . Yet it is not clear how @entity1 cells make their way into the lymphatic system and how they choose between lymphatic and blood vessels for migration. Here we report that mammary @entity1 cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to transforming growth factor-b ( @entity4 ) become activated for targeted migration through the lymphatic system, similar to dendritic cells (DCs) during @entity3 . EMT cells preferentially migrated toward lymphatic vessels compared with blood vessels, both in vivo and in 3D cultures. A mechanism of this targeted migration was traced to the capacity of @entity4 to promote @entity6 /CCL21-mediated crosstalk between @entity1 cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. On one hand, @entity4 promoted @entity6 expression in EMT cells through @entity5 MAP kinase-mediated activation of the @entity7 transcription factor. Blockade of @entity6 , or treatment with a @entity5 MAP kinase inhibitor, reduced lymphatic dissemination of EMT cells in syngeneic @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity4 promoted CCL21 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. CCL21 acted in a paracrine fashion to mediate chemotactic migration of EMT cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells. The results identify @entity4 -induced EMT as a mechanism, which activates @entity1 cells for targeted, DC-like migration through the lymphatic system. Furthermore, it suggests that @entity5 MAP kinase inhibition may be a useful strategy to inhibit EMT and lymphogenic spread of @entity1 cells.Oncogene advance online publication, 11 May 2015; doi:10.1038/onc.2015.133.

title: XXXX -induced EMT promotes targeted migration of @entity0 cells through the lymphatic system by the activation of @entity6 /CCL21-mediated chemotaxis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 cells frequently disseminate through the lymphatic system during metastatic spread of @entity0 and many other types of @entity1 . Yet it is not clear how @entity1 cells make their way into the lymphatic system and how they choose between lymphatic and blood vessels for migration. Here we report that mammary @entity1 cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to transforming growth factor-b ( @entity4 ) become activated for targeted migration through the lymphatic system, similar to dendritic cells (DCs) during @entity3 . EMT cells preferentially migrated toward lymphatic vessels compared with blood vessels, both in vivo and in 3D cultures. A mechanism of this targeted migration was traced to the capacity of @entity4 to promote @entity6 /CCL21-mediated crosstalk between @entity1 cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. On one hand, @entity4 promoted @entity6 expression in EMT cells through @entity5 MAP kinase-mediated activation of the @entity7 transcription factor. Blockade of @entity6 , or treatment with a @entity5 MAP kinase inhibitor, reduced lymphatic dissemination of EMT cells in syngeneic @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity4 promoted CCL21 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. CCL21 acted in a paracrine fashion to mediate chemotactic migration of EMT cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells. The results identify @entity4 -induced EMT as a mechanism, which activates @entity1 cells for targeted, DC-like migration through the lymphatic system. Furthermore, it suggests that @entity5 MAP kinase inhibition may be a useful strategy to inhibit EMT and lymphogenic spread of @entity1 cells.Oncogene advance online publication, 11 May 2015; doi:10.1038/onc.2015.133.

title: @entity4 -induced EMT promotes targeted migration of XXXX cells through the lymphatic system by the activation of @entity6 /CCL21-mediated chemotaxis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 cells frequently disseminate through the lymphatic system during metastatic spread of @entity0 and many other types of @entity1 . Yet it is not clear how @entity1 cells make their way into the lymphatic system and how they choose between lymphatic and blood vessels for migration. Here we report that mammary @entity1 cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to transforming growth factor-b ( @entity4 ) become activated for targeted migration through the lymphatic system, similar to dendritic cells (DCs) during @entity3 . EMT cells preferentially migrated toward lymphatic vessels compared with blood vessels, both in vivo and in 3D cultures. A mechanism of this targeted migration was traced to the capacity of @entity4 to promote @entity6 /CCL21-mediated crosstalk between @entity1 cells and lymphatic endothelial cells. On one hand, @entity4 promoted @entity6 expression in EMT cells through @entity5 MAP kinase-mediated activation of the @entity7 transcription factor. Blockade of @entity6 , or treatment with a @entity5 MAP kinase inhibitor, reduced lymphatic dissemination of EMT cells in syngeneic @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity4 promoted CCL21 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. CCL21 acted in a paracrine fashion to mediate chemotactic migration of EMT cells toward lymphatic endothelial cells. The results identify @entity4 -induced EMT as a mechanism, which activates @entity1 cells for targeted, DC-like migration through the lymphatic system. Furthermore, it suggests that @entity5 MAP kinase inhibition may be a useful strategy to inhibit EMT and lymphogenic spread of @entity1 cells.Oncogene advance online publication, 11 May 2015; doi:10.1038/onc.2015.133.

title: @entity4 -induced EMT promotes targeted migration of @entity0 cells through the lymphatic system by the activation of XXXX /CCL21-mediated chemotaxis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are caused by @entity3 or burn injuries to the deep dermis and are considered @entity2 in the skin. Monocytes, M1 and M2 macrophages are mononuclear phagocytes. Studies suggest that M2 macrophages are profibrotic and might contribute to @entity4 formation. Our lab has established a @entity0 @entity4 -like nude @entity1 model, in which the grafted @entity0 skin develops red, raised, and firm scarring, resembling @entity4 seen in @entity0 . In this study, we observed the natural behavior of mononuclear phagocyte system in this nude @entity1 model of dermal @entity2 at multiple time points. Thirty athymic @entity1 received @entity0 skin grafts and an equal number of @entity1 received @entity1 skin grafts as controls. The grafted skin and blood were harvested at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 weeks. Wound area, thickness, collagen morphology and level, the cell number of myofibroblasts, M1- and M2-like macrophages in the grafted skin, as well as monocyte fraction in the blood were investigated at each time points. Xenografted @entity1 developed contracted and thickened scars grossly. The xenografted skin resembled @entity0 @entity4 tissue based on enhanced thickness, fibrotic orientation of collagen bundles, increased collagen level, and infiltration of myofibroblasts. In the blood, monocytes dramatically decreased at 1 week postgrafting and gradually returned to normal in the following 8 weeks. In the xenografted skin, M1-like macrophages were found predominantly at 1-2 weeks postgrafting; whereas, M2-like macrophages were abundant at later time points, 3-4 weeks postgrafting coincident with the development of @entity2 in the @entity0 skin tissues. This understanding of the natural behavior of mononuclear phagocytes in vivo in our @entity1 model provides evidence for the role of M2-like macrophages in @entity2 of @entity0 skin and suggests that macrophage depletion in the subacute phases of wound healing might reduce or prevent @entity4 formation.

title: The natural behavior of mononuclear phagocytes in XXXX formation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To elucidate the incidence and determinants of early @entity2 ( @entity2 ) during acute @entity4 , continuous electrocardiographic, heart rate, and blood pressure recordings were performed in 152 @entity0 during standardized balloon occlusions of significant (50% to 95%) @entity5 . A control group of 13 @entity0 with chronic total occlusion of a coronary artery was also studied. None of them developed @entity2 during balloon inflation in the preexisting total occlusion of the artery. Balloon occlusion of a coronary artery was associated with occurrence of @entity3 in 18 @entity0 ( @entity2 group, 12%). The @entity2 group had milder @entity1 severity (72% vs 81%, p < 0.001) than the rest of the @entity0 , and none of them had visible collaterals to the occluded vessel. The @entity2 group also had ST-segment deviations more often (p < 0.05) during occlusion than @entity0 with no @entity2 . Occlusion of the left anterior descending artery caused @entity2 more often (p < 0.05) than occlusion of the left circumflex or right coronary artery. No clinical or hemodynamic variable or medication was associated with the occurrence of @entity2 . In stepwise logistic regression analysis, the only significant predictors of @entity3 were the @entity1 severity and the anterior site of @entity4 . Even a nonstenotic plaque can be so fragile that it is prone to rupture. The present findings suggest that such an occlusion may result in electrical instability more easily than occlusion of a more advanced coronary lesion.

title: @entity1 severity and the occurrence of @entity3 during acute XXXX during balloon angioplasty.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To elucidate the incidence and determinants of early @entity2 ( @entity2 ) during acute @entity4 , continuous electrocardiographic, heart rate, and blood pressure recordings were performed in 152 @entity0 during standardized balloon occlusions of significant (50% to 95%) @entity5 . A control group of 13 @entity0 with chronic total occlusion of a coronary artery was also studied. None of them developed @entity2 during balloon inflation in the preexisting total occlusion of the artery. Balloon occlusion of a coronary artery was associated with occurrence of @entity3 in 18 @entity0 ( @entity2 group, 12%). The @entity2 group had milder @entity1 severity (72% vs 81%, p < 0.001) than the rest of the @entity0 , and none of them had visible collaterals to the occluded vessel. The @entity2 group also had ST-segment deviations more often (p < 0.05) during occlusion than @entity0 with no @entity2 . Occlusion of the left anterior descending artery caused @entity2 more often (p < 0.05) than occlusion of the left circumflex or right coronary artery. No clinical or hemodynamic variable or medication was associated with the occurrence of @entity2 . In stepwise logistic regression analysis, the only significant predictors of @entity3 were the @entity1 severity and the anterior site of @entity4 . Even a nonstenotic plaque can be so fragile that it is prone to rupture. The present findings suggest that such an occlusion may result in electrical instability more easily than occlusion of a more advanced coronary lesion.

title: XXXX severity and the occurrence of @entity3 during acute @entity4 during balloon angioplasty.

answer: @entity1


abstract: To elucidate the incidence and determinants of early @entity2 ( @entity2 ) during acute @entity4 , continuous electrocardiographic, heart rate, and blood pressure recordings were performed in 152 @entity0 during standardized balloon occlusions of significant (50% to 95%) @entity5 . A control group of 13 @entity0 with chronic total occlusion of a coronary artery was also studied. None of them developed @entity2 during balloon inflation in the preexisting total occlusion of the artery. Balloon occlusion of a coronary artery was associated with occurrence of @entity3 in 18 @entity0 ( @entity2 group, 12%). The @entity2 group had milder @entity1 severity (72% vs 81%, p < 0.001) than the rest of the @entity0 , and none of them had visible collaterals to the occluded vessel. The @entity2 group also had ST-segment deviations more often (p < 0.05) during occlusion than @entity0 with no @entity2 . Occlusion of the left anterior descending artery caused @entity2 more often (p < 0.05) than occlusion of the left circumflex or right coronary artery. No clinical or hemodynamic variable or medication was associated with the occurrence of @entity2 . In stepwise logistic regression analysis, the only significant predictors of @entity3 were the @entity1 severity and the anterior site of @entity4 . Even a nonstenotic plaque can be so fragile that it is prone to rupture. The present findings suggest that such an occlusion may result in electrical instability more easily than occlusion of a more advanced coronary lesion.

title: @entity1 severity and the occurrence of XXXX during acute @entity4 during balloon angioplasty.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Previous studies have revealed quantitative alterations in laminin-1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels during the development of @entity3 and @entity3 in @entity5 in @entity1 , a model for @entity4 . We have now studied the qualitative alterations in laminin expression with two monoclonal antibodies that recognize epitopes on either the E8 or the P1 fragment of laminin-1. Both of these fragments are involved in cell-matrix and matrix-matrix interactions. In normal glomeruli these laminin epitopes are present only in the mesangial matrix; during embryogenesis, however, they are also present in the glomerular basement membrane. The distribution of laminin epitopes was first studied by using immunofluorescence in kidneys of @entity1 with @entity5 at different points in time after disease induction. Reflection contrast and immunoelectron microscopy were performed after in vivo injection of the horseradish peroxidase-coupled monoclonal antibodies. In glomeruli of @entity1 8 weeks after disease induction, both injected antibodies bound specifically in electron-dense immune deposits in the mesangium and subepithelially along the glomerular basement membrane as well as in the expanded mesangial matrix. At 11 and 12 weeks after disease induction, when focal and @entity6 had developed, the antibodies additionally bound in the matrix subendothelially along the glomerular basement membrane and at the periphery of end-stage @entity2 . To study changes in the distribution of laminin epitopes over time, @entity1 were injected with either monoclonal antibody before induction of @entity5 . The antibodies were detected 8 and 12 weeks later in the mesangial matrix of @entity1 with @entity4 . Once @entity6 had developed, the antibodies were additionally detected within the thickened glomerular capillary wall. The specific binding of anti-laminin monoclonal antibodies in electron-dense immune deposits further substantiates the hypothesis that anti-laminin autoantibodies participate in glomerular immune complex formation in this model, as suggested by earlier studies. Furthermore, our results show that the distribution of glomerular laminin epitopes in the matrix is altered during the development of @entity0 . These changes in the structure of the glomerular basement membrane may contribute to the abnormal cell-matrix and matrix-matrix interactions during the development of @entity0 in this model for @entity4 .

title: Qualitative alterations in laminin expression in experimental XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Viscerofugal neurons are enteric neurons in the myenteric plexus of the stomach and intestine that project to the prevertebral @entity0 as the afferent limb of intestino-intestinal reflexes. This study characterizes viscerofugal projections to the inferior @entity3 and investigates the possibility of similar projections to the major pelvic @entity0 in the male @entity1 . The colon and rectum were examined for retrogradely labelled neurons following the injection of retrograde tracer into the inferior mesenteric or major pelvic @entity0 , or following the application of tracer to the caudal end of the cut intermesenteric nerves, or either end of the cut hypogastric nerves. All labelled viscerofugal neurons were found in the myenteric plexus and were often grouped near the mesenteric attachment. The number of viscerofugal neurons projecting to the inferior @entity3 via the lumbar colonic nerves increases along the length of the large intestine with the maximum number of viscerofugal neurons found in the rectum. Some viscerofugal neurons from the distal colon and rectum reach the inferior @entity3 . A similar number and distribution of viscerofugal neurons project via the inferior @entity3 into the intermesenteric nerves as terminate in the inferior @entity3 . Very few viscerofugal neurons project to the neurons of the major @entity2 , and no viscerofugal neurons project caudally in the hypogastric nerves to these @entity0 . The majority of labelled neurons resembled Dogiel type I morphology. Thus the inferior @entity3 receives a substantial innervation from viscerofugal neurons of the large intestine, with the greatest supply from the distal colon and rectum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Distribution and morphological characterization of viscerofugal projections from the large intestine to the inferior mesenteric and pelvic XXXX of the male @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Viscerofugal neurons are enteric neurons in the myenteric plexus of the stomach and intestine that project to the prevertebral @entity0 as the afferent limb of intestino-intestinal reflexes. This study characterizes viscerofugal projections to the inferior @entity3 and investigates the possibility of similar projections to the major pelvic @entity0 in the male @entity1 . The colon and rectum were examined for retrogradely labelled neurons following the injection of retrograde tracer into the inferior mesenteric or major pelvic @entity0 , or following the application of tracer to the caudal end of the cut intermesenteric nerves, or either end of the cut hypogastric nerves. All labelled viscerofugal neurons were found in the myenteric plexus and were often grouped near the mesenteric attachment. The number of viscerofugal neurons projecting to the inferior @entity3 via the lumbar colonic nerves increases along the length of the large intestine with the maximum number of viscerofugal neurons found in the rectum. Some viscerofugal neurons from the distal colon and rectum reach the inferior @entity3 . A similar number and distribution of viscerofugal neurons project via the inferior @entity3 into the intermesenteric nerves as terminate in the inferior @entity3 . Very few viscerofugal neurons project to the neurons of the major @entity2 , and no viscerofugal neurons project caudally in the hypogastric nerves to these @entity0 . The majority of labelled neurons resembled Dogiel type I morphology. Thus the inferior @entity3 receives a substantial innervation from viscerofugal neurons of the large intestine, with the greatest supply from the distal colon and rectum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Distribution and morphological characterization of viscerofugal projections from the large intestine to the inferior mesenteric and pelvic @entity0 of the male XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate if IgG can be expressed in @entity1 (cRCC) , and the expression of IgG is involved in the @entity0 progression. If IgG expression can serve as a potential target in @entity0 therapies and be used for judging the prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By immunohistochemistry, we detected IgG in cRCC tissues(75 cRCC tissues and75 adjacent normal kidney tissues). Immunofluorescence and Western blot was used to detect the IgG in cRCC cell lines (786-0, ACHN and CAKI-I). By RT-PCR, the functional transcript of IgG heavy chain was detected. Knockdown of IgG was to analyze the proliferation, @entity2 and invasion ability by CCK8, Transwell and Matrigel and apoptosis in cRCC cell lines. RESULTS: By immunohistochemistry, we found strong staining of IgG in 66 cases of 75 cRCC tissues and 63 cases of 75 adjacent normal kidney tissues. Immunofluorescence and Western blot was found IgG in cRCC cell lines. Knock-down IgG in cRCC cell lines resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation, @entity2 and invasion, and the induction of apoptosis of the 786-0 cells. The immunohistochemistry analysis showed that high IgG expression significantly correlated with the poor differentiation and advanced stage of cRCC. CONCLUSION: IgG was over expressed in cRCC and was involved in the proliferation, @entity2 and invasion of @entity0 cells. IgG expression may serve as a potential target in @entity0 therapies and could be used for judging the prognosis.

title: IgG is involved in the @entity2 and invasion of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate if IgG can be expressed in @entity1 (cRCC) , and the expression of IgG is involved in the @entity0 progression. If IgG expression can serve as a potential target in @entity0 therapies and be used for judging the prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: By immunohistochemistry, we detected IgG in cRCC tissues(75 cRCC tissues and75 adjacent normal kidney tissues). Immunofluorescence and Western blot was used to detect the IgG in cRCC cell lines (786-0, ACHN and CAKI-I). By RT-PCR, the functional transcript of IgG heavy chain was detected. Knockdown of IgG was to analyze the proliferation, @entity2 and invasion ability by CCK8, Transwell and Matrigel and apoptosis in cRCC cell lines. RESULTS: By immunohistochemistry, we found strong staining of IgG in 66 cases of 75 cRCC tissues and 63 cases of 75 adjacent normal kidney tissues. Immunofluorescence and Western blot was found IgG in cRCC cell lines. Knock-down IgG in cRCC cell lines resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation, @entity2 and invasion, and the induction of apoptosis of the 786-0 cells. The immunohistochemistry analysis showed that high IgG expression significantly correlated with the poor differentiation and advanced stage of cRCC. CONCLUSION: IgG was over expressed in cRCC and was involved in the proliferation, @entity2 and invasion of @entity0 cells. IgG expression may serve as a potential target in @entity0 therapies and could be used for judging the prognosis.

title: IgG is involved in the XXXX and invasion of @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity0 with soft tissue @entity2 of the wrist and hand, limb salvage operation is extremely challenging for surgeons in attempting a complete @entity1 resection with negative surgical margins. In this study, we report four @entity0 with soft tissue @entity2 of the wrist and hand treated by limb salvage operation with intraoperative extracorporeal autogenous irradiated tendon grafts. METHODS: The @entity0 were all male, and the mean age at the time of surgery was 45 years. Histological diagnoses included clear cell @entity2 in two @entity0 , @entity3 in one, and @entity4 in one. All four @entity0 had high grade @entity1 , wherein three had American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) @entity1 and one with AJCC stage IV disease. The @entity1 were resected en bloc with involved tendons. The tendons were isolated from the resected tissues, irradiated ex vivo, and re-implanted into the host tendons. In one @entity0 , the bone was resected additionally because of @entity1 invasion to the bone. Hand function was evaluated using Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) rating system. RESULTS: Of the four @entity0 , three died of distant metastatic disease. The remaining @entity0 lives and remains disease-free. The mean follow-up period was 33 months. One @entity0 had local recurrence outside the irradiated graft at 20 months after surgery. The functional rating was 22. Lower scores were seen in @entity0 with reconstruction of flexor tendons than extensor tendons. CONCLUSIONS: Limb salvage operation with intraoperative extracorporeal autogenous irradiated tendon grafts is an acceptable method in selected @entity0 with soft tissue @entity2 of the wrist and hand.

title: Intraoperative extracorporeal autogenous irradiated tendon grafts for functional limb salvage surgery of soft tissue XXXX of the wrist and hand.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Despite improvement in the diagnostic modalities, surgical technique, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, mortality and morbidity due to @entity3 esophagus continues to be dismal. Combination of external and intraluminal radio therapy (ILRT) has emerged as a powerful and promising palliative therapy in this disease. Thirty four @entity0 with inoperable @entity2 esophagus treated with ILRT during June 1991 to December 1993 were evaluated to assess its palliative effects. Seventeen of these @entity0 had received additional chemotherapy and external radiotherapy. Thirteen @entity0 received only radiotherapy (both external radiotherapy + ILRT) and the remaining 4 received only ILRT. They were followed up for a mean period of 8.3 months (range 2 to 28 months) during which one @entity0 was lost to follow up. Eight had a follow up of less than 6 months. Eight (33%) amongst the remaining 25 @entity0 were considered disease free, 15 had recurrent and progressive disease, one developed @entity1 and one @entity0 died. In 21 (66%) @entity4 markedly improved. Nine (26%) @entity0 survived beyond 1 year and the median survival for all @entity0 was 8 months. Associated radiation morbidity was documented in 13 (38%) @entity0 . We conclude that combination of external radiotherapy and ILRT is an effective and safe therapy for inoperable @entity2 .

title: Experience with intraluminal radiotherapy in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 and its analogs through the specific receptor are known to demonstrate antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic actions. The presence of @entity8 -5 has not been sufficiently explored in poorly differentiated and undifferentiated @entity2 . The aim was to investigate the SSTR subtypes expression in these aggressive @entity2 . The study also discusses the usefulness of SSTR analogs as an alternative to conventional forms of therapy. Methods: The analysis was performed by immunohistochemistry on the 14 archived poorly differentiated and 4 anaplastic @entity2 . A group of benign thyroid pathologies consisting of 11 @entity0 was also included. Results: @entity8 were found to be expressed both in benign and malignant @entity3 , while @entity9 was not. Expression of @entity8 and @entity6 was found in samples with poorly differentiated @entity2 with a score of at least 2.0 being recorded in 10 @entity1 (71.4%). For @entity5 A the same or higher score was noted in 5/14 (35.7%), for @entity5 B in 4/14 (28.6%) and for @entity7 in 3/14 (21.4%) samples. @entity10 were found to have a score of at least 2.0 in all undifferentiated @entity2 . Immunostaining of @entity7 was observed in 50% of samples. The immunopositive reactions were observed both in the membranes and cytoplasm of the @entity2 ' cells. In some cases positive immunostaining was localized also in the endothelium of intrathyroidal blood vessels. Conclusions: The @entity4 multiligand analogs or selective agonists could be considered alternatives to conventional therapeutic agents in aggressive @entity2 .

title: An Immunohistochemical Investigation of the Expression of XXXX Receptor Subtypes - Should Therapeutic Trials be Performed to Determine the Efficacy of @entity4 Analogs in Treating Advanced Thyroid Malignances?

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 and its analogs through the specific receptor are known to demonstrate antiproliferative, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic actions. The presence of @entity8 -5 has not been sufficiently explored in poorly differentiated and undifferentiated @entity2 . The aim was to investigate the SSTR subtypes expression in these aggressive @entity2 . The study also discusses the usefulness of SSTR analogs as an alternative to conventional forms of therapy. Methods: The analysis was performed by immunohistochemistry on the 14 archived poorly differentiated and 4 anaplastic @entity2 . A group of benign thyroid pathologies consisting of 11 @entity0 was also included. Results: @entity8 were found to be expressed both in benign and malignant @entity3 , while @entity9 was not. Expression of @entity8 and @entity6 was found in samples with poorly differentiated @entity2 with a score of at least 2.0 being recorded in 10 @entity1 (71.4%). For @entity5 A the same or higher score was noted in 5/14 (35.7%), for @entity5 B in 4/14 (28.6%) and for @entity7 in 3/14 (21.4%) samples. @entity10 were found to have a score of at least 2.0 in all undifferentiated @entity2 . Immunostaining of @entity7 was observed in 50% of samples. The immunopositive reactions were observed both in the membranes and cytoplasm of the @entity2 ' cells. In some cases positive immunostaining was localized also in the endothelium of intrathyroidal blood vessels. Conclusions: The @entity4 multiligand analogs or selective agonists could be considered alternatives to conventional therapeutic agents in aggressive @entity2 .

title: An Immunohistochemical Investigation of the Expression of @entity4 Receptor Subtypes - Should Therapeutic Trials be Performed to Determine the Efficacy of XXXX Analogs in Treating Advanced Thyroid Malignances?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although previous research has consistently found considerable rates of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 , knowledge about determinants of @entity3 remains incomplete. Guilt is a common reaction among @entity0 after a traumatic event and has been shown to contribute to @entity2 . However, its relationship to @entity3 has never been examined. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the prevalence of @entity3 in @entity0 and adolescents following road traffic accidents (RTAs). Moreover, the association between peritraumatic guilt and @entity3 was investigated relying on current cognitive theories of posttraumatic stress and controlling for female sex, age, socioeconomic status (SES), @entity1 , inpatient treatment, pretrauma psychopathology, and maternal posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). METHODS: One hundred and one @entity0 and adolescents (aged 7-16 years) were assessed by means of a clinical interview approximately 10 days after an RTA. Mothers were assessed by questionnaires. RESULTS: Three @entity0 (3.0%) met diagnostic criteria for full @entity3 according to DSM-IV, and 17 (16.8%) for @entity3 . In a multivariate regression model, guilt was found to be a significant predictor of @entity3 severity. Female sex, outpatient treatment, and maternal PTSS also predicted @entity3 severity. @entity0 age, SES, @entity1 , and pretraumatic @entity0 psychopathology were not related to @entity3 severity. CONCLUSIONS: Future research should examine the association between peritraumatic guilt and acute stress symptoms in more detail. Moreover, guilt appraisals in the acute phase after an accident might be a relevant target for clinical attention.

title: Guilt is associated with acute stress symptoms in XXXX after road traffic accidents.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Antigen recognition by T lymphocytes is mediated by cell surface receptors T cell specificity depends on the variable, diversity and junctional (VDJ) regions of the alpha and beta polypeptide chains of the T cell receptor (TCR). The expression of the variable region genes of the beta chain (V beta) has been analysed to study the involvement of peripheral blood T cells in systemic @entity2 . RNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 12 @entity0 with microscopic @entity1 , 10 with @entity4 , six with unclassified @entity2 , and 28 healthy age- and sex-matched individuals. Complementary DNA was made from RNA and amplified by the anchored polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using redundant oligonucleotide primers for the TCR V beta genes. To determine if the dominant usage of a V beta gene family reflected the presence of particular T cell clones, cDNA was amplified with primers for the specific V beta gene family. The product was screened for sequence homogeneity by single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and cloned to sequence the adjoining TCR (D beta) J beta region. A significant increase in the mean percentage expression of the V beta 2.1 gene was seen in @entity2 @entity0 (11.4 + 1.0% (mean + s.e.m.)) compared with controls (6.6 + 0.6%; P < 0.003). The most marked increase was seen in microscopic @entity1 (13.9 + 1.7%; P < 0.0001). There were also increases in the expression of V beta 3, 13 and 14 in peripheral blood of @entity2 @entity0 compared with controls. SSCP analysis of V beta 2.1 amplified products indicated the presence of oligoclonal bands in a smaller proportion of @entity0 (8/27) than controls (12/28). There was no strong evidence for the conservation of the TCR V beta 2.1 junctional region sequence data from a sample group of three @entity0 with oligoclonal bands. Thus, a subset of @entity0 with systemic @entity2 , particularly those with microscopic @entity1 , have increased TCR V beta 2.1 gene expression in their peripheral blood T cell repertoire. As superantigens binding V beta 2.1 are postulated to activate T cells with diverse @entity3 sequences, it is proposed that a superantigen is involved in the immunopathogenesis of @entity2 .

title: Peripheral blood T lymphocytes in systemic @entity2 : increased T cell receptor V beta 2 gene usage in microscopic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Antigen recognition by T lymphocytes is mediated by cell surface receptors T cell specificity depends on the variable, diversity and junctional (VDJ) regions of the alpha and beta polypeptide chains of the T cell receptor (TCR). The expression of the variable region genes of the beta chain (V beta) has been analysed to study the involvement of peripheral blood T cells in systemic @entity2 . RNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes of 12 @entity0 with microscopic @entity1 , 10 with @entity4 , six with unclassified @entity2 , and 28 healthy age- and sex-matched individuals. Complementary DNA was made from RNA and amplified by the anchored polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using redundant oligonucleotide primers for the TCR V beta genes. To determine if the dominant usage of a V beta gene family reflected the presence of particular T cell clones, cDNA was amplified with primers for the specific V beta gene family. The product was screened for sequence homogeneity by single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) and cloned to sequence the adjoining TCR (D beta) J beta region. A significant increase in the mean percentage expression of the V beta 2.1 gene was seen in @entity2 @entity0 (11.4 + 1.0% (mean + s.e.m.)) compared with controls (6.6 + 0.6%; P < 0.003). The most marked increase was seen in microscopic @entity1 (13.9 + 1.7%; P < 0.0001). There were also increases in the expression of V beta 3, 13 and 14 in peripheral blood of @entity2 @entity0 compared with controls. SSCP analysis of V beta 2.1 amplified products indicated the presence of oligoclonal bands in a smaller proportion of @entity0 (8/27) than controls (12/28). There was no strong evidence for the conservation of the TCR V beta 2.1 junctional region sequence data from a sample group of three @entity0 with oligoclonal bands. Thus, a subset of @entity0 with systemic @entity2 , particularly those with microscopic @entity1 , have increased TCR V beta 2.1 gene expression in their peripheral blood T cell repertoire. As superantigens binding V beta 2.1 are postulated to activate T cells with diverse @entity3 sequences, it is proposed that a superantigen is involved in the immunopathogenesis of @entity2 .

title: Peripheral blood T lymphocytes in systemic XXXX : increased T cell receptor V beta 2 gene usage in microscopic @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In approximately 90% of mild @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 , a missense mutation can be identified using complete gene sequencing. In this study, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis was performed as a second step in 10 French-speaking Belgian with mild @entity1 presenting no detectable causal mutation by complete sequencing of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (F8) gene's 26 exons and its 1.2  kb of contiguous promoter sequence. This gene dosage technique enabled the detection of exon 1 duplications of F8 in three apparently unrelated subjects. Using array-comparative genomic hybridization, breakpoint analysis delimited the duplication extent to 210  kb in the F8 intron 1 and @entity4 gene intragenic position. We postulated that the rearrangement responsible for this duplication, never before reported, could be attributed to a symmetrical tandem inversion duplication, resulting in a large 233  kb rearrangement of F8 intron 1. This rearranged intron should lead to the production of a small number of normal mRNA transcripts in relation to the mild @entity1 phenotype. Our analysis of the entire F8 mRNA from index case 1, particularly the segment containing exons 1-9, revealed normal amplification and sequencing. Reduced plasma @entity2 antigen levels caused by cross-reacting material is associated with a quantitative deficiency of plasma @entity2 . Male @entity0 were unresponsive to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). All @entity0 displayed identical F8 haplotypes, despite not being related, which suggests a possible founder effect caused by a 210  kb duplication involving F8 exon 1.

title: Tandem inversion duplication within F8 Intron 1 associated with mild XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity11 ( @entity11 ) is a clinically and pathologically heterogeneous disease entity. It is characterized by persistent @entity6 and organ damage after excluding other causes. Clonal @entity6 is distinguished from idiopathic @entity6 by the presence of histologic, cytogenetic, or molecular evidence of an underlying @entity1 . There are two distinct subcategories of clonal @entity6 : chronic @entity7 , not otherwise specified and @entity5 with @entity6 and mutations involving platelet-derived growth factor receptor a/b or @entity12 . More than 50% of @entity11 are without knowledge of underlying pathogenic molecular pathways. Here we examined a @entity11 @entity0 by oligo-based aCGH analysis and molecular cytogenetic methods. Examination for the common @entity6 -related cytogenetic abnormalities involving the genes @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity12 together with @entity8 fusion gene was negative. Cytogenetic analysis and multi-color FISH analysis revealed a novel cryptic three-way translocation t(2;11;5)(p21.3;q13.5;q23.2). By oaCGH analysis we could not find any copy number changes related to the cytogenetic breakpoints but instead detected a 0.9Mb submicroscopic deletion at 11p14.3. The deleted region involved the 5'-upstream sequences and exons 1-4 of the @entity13 gene, which encodes a @entity3 zipper protein. Analysis of surrogate germ-line cells revealed a normal result showing that the detected chromosomal aberrations were acquired. This is the first report on a @entity11 @entity0 associated with a novel complex three-way translocation t(2;11;5)(p21.3;q13.5;q23.2) and a submicroscopic deletion in chromosome band 11p14.3. The study also demonstrates the benefits of oligo-based aCGH analysis in detecting @entity2 related @entity9 . The present findings provide additional clues to unravel important molecular pathways in @entity11 to obtain the full spectrum of acquired chromosomal and genomic aberrations in this heterogeneous disease entity. As more cases become characterized this may eventually improve on classification and treatment options.

title: A novel acquired cryptic three-way translocation t(2;11;5)(p21.3;q13.5;q23.2) with a submicroscopic deletion at 11p14.3 in an adult with XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Idiopathic @entity8 (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of @entity8 , characterised by chronic @entity4 , cutaneous features, different extra-muscular manifestations and circulating autoantibodies. IIMs included classical @entity10 ( @entity10 ), @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and other different types of @entity8 with a wide range of muscle involvement. A complete autoantibody profile and a muscle biopsy are mandatory to correctly diagnose different clinical entities and to define their different prognosis. Bohan and Peter's criteria included five items to diagnose adult onset @entity10 and @entity9 . The sensitivity was 74-100  %, while the specificity is low, due to a poor ability to differentiate @entity10 from @entity7 . Other criteria included a more accurate histological definition of @entity10 , @entity9 or amyopathic @entity9 , obtaining a higher specificity. Autoantibodies' association, @entity3 and clinical cardiac involvement represent the main items that could define the prognosis of these @entity0 . On the other hand, inclusion body @entity8 is a different @entity1 characterised by a peculiar muscle mass involvement, @entity6 and progressive @entity2 , due to complete failure to all immunosuppressive drugs used. Treatment of IIMs is based on corticosteroids (CS), which show rapid clinical response and functional improvement. Different immunosuppressant drugs are given to obtain a better control of the disease during CS tapering dose. No controlled double blind trials demonstrated the superiority of one immunesuppressant on another. The occurrence of interstitial lung involvement requires the immediate introduction of immunosuppressants in addiction to CS. Severe @entity5 seems to improve with intravenous immunoglobulins (Ig). Physical therapy could be started after the acute phase of diseases and seems to have a beneficial role in muscle strength recovery.

title: The Clinical and Histological Spectrum of XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Central nervous system (CNS) @entity1 are the most frequent @entity1 in @entity0 and adolescents. The epidemiology of these @entity1 differs in areas of the world. However, very little data is available in the low/middle income countries (LMIC). The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of @entity4 treated at a leading LMIC pediatric @entity1 hospital and its difference from that in other countries. One thousand one hundred fourteen @entity0 and adolescent having CNS @entity1 were treated in the largest pediatric @entity1 hospital in the Middle East during a period of 5    years. They were diagnosed histopathologically in 80.2  %, through medical imaging in 19.4  % and via both @entity1 markers and imaging in the remaining 0.4  % of cases. Through epidemiological analysis was performed using all available @entity0 ' data revealed that 96  % of the @entity0 had primary @entity4 , while only 4  % the @entity2 was in the spinal cord. The most common histological type was @entity1 (30.0  %, pilocytic (GI)  =  13.2  %, GII  =  10.5  % and GIII  +  IV (high grade)  =  6.3  %) followed by @entity1 (23.2  %, @entity5  =  18.7  %, PNET  =  2.8  %, ATRT  =  1.5  % and @entity6  =  0.2  %) then @entity3 in 8.7  %, craniopharyngeoma in 5.3  %. The mean age at diagnosis was 7.1      4.2  years which did not differ significantly by gender nor residency but it differed by the pathological subtype. The frequency of each pathological type was different among different age groups. Though the present study was a hospital-based analysis in a low/middle income country, yet it did not differ from the well-established population-based study reports in the high income countries.

title: Pediatric XXXX in a low/middle income country: does it differ from that in developed world?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Although T helper cells play a critical role in @entity0 immunity against schistosomes, the properties of the T lymphocytes that govern resistance and pathogenesis in @entity0 @entity4 are still poorly defined. This work addresses the question as to whether @entity0 resistance to @entity2 is associated with a particular T helper subset. Twenty-eight CD3+, CD4+, CD8- parasite-specific T cell clones were isolated from three adults with high degree of resistance to infection by @entity3 . The lymphokine secretion profiles of these clones were determined and compared to those of 21 CD3+, CD4+, CD8- clones with unknown specificity, established from these same subjects in the same cloning experiment. Almost all parasite-specific clones produced interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma in large amounts. However, they generally produced more IL-4 than @entity1 ; variations in IL-4/ @entity1 ratios were accounted for by differences in @entity1 production since IL-4 levels were comparable for the clones from the three subjects. T cell clones of unknown specificity produced significantly less IL-4 and more @entity1 than parasite-specific T cell clones. Most clones produced IL-2, and IL-2 production did not differ between the two types of clones. Parasite-specific T cell clones from the resistant subjects were compared to specific T cell clones from a sensitized adult from a nonendemic area: T cell clones from this latter subject were the highest @entity1 and the lowest IL-4 producers, compared to those of resistant subjects. Thus, parasite-specific T cell clones isolated from adults resistant to @entity3 belong to the Th0 subset and produced more IL-4 than @entity1 (Th0/2), whereas clones of a sensitized adult from a nonendemic area are also Th0, but produce more @entity1 than IL-4 (Th0/1). These results support previous conclusions on the role of IgE in protection against schistosomes in @entity0 , and may indicate that @entity1 is required for full protection.

title: @entity2 -specific helper T cell clones from subjects resistant to infection by XXXX are Th0/2.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Although T helper cells play a critical role in @entity0 immunity against schistosomes, the properties of the T lymphocytes that govern resistance and pathogenesis in @entity0 @entity4 are still poorly defined. This work addresses the question as to whether @entity0 resistance to @entity2 is associated with a particular T helper subset. Twenty-eight CD3+, CD4+, CD8- parasite-specific T cell clones were isolated from three adults with high degree of resistance to infection by @entity3 . The lymphokine secretion profiles of these clones were determined and compared to those of 21 CD3+, CD4+, CD8- clones with unknown specificity, established from these same subjects in the same cloning experiment. Almost all parasite-specific clones produced interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma in large amounts. However, they generally produced more IL-4 than @entity1 ; variations in IL-4/ @entity1 ratios were accounted for by differences in @entity1 production since IL-4 levels were comparable for the clones from the three subjects. T cell clones of unknown specificity produced significantly less IL-4 and more @entity1 than parasite-specific T cell clones. Most clones produced IL-2, and IL-2 production did not differ between the two types of clones. Parasite-specific T cell clones from the resistant subjects were compared to specific T cell clones from a sensitized adult from a nonendemic area: T cell clones from this latter subject were the highest @entity1 and the lowest IL-4 producers, compared to those of resistant subjects. Thus, parasite-specific T cell clones isolated from adults resistant to @entity3 belong to the Th0 subset and produced more IL-4 than @entity1 (Th0/2), whereas clones of a sensitized adult from a nonendemic area are also Th0, but produce more @entity1 than IL-4 (Th0/1). These results support previous conclusions on the role of IgE in protection against schistosomes in @entity0 , and may indicate that @entity1 is required for full protection.

title: XXXX -specific helper T cell clones from subjects resistant to infection by @entity2 are Th0/2.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques have been used to study the uncrossed retinal projection in neonatal pigmented and albino @entity1 . The total number of retinal ganglion cells projecting ipsilaterally peaks at postnatal days 2-4 (P2-P4) and declines to adult values by P12. The change in cell numbers has a similar time course in albino and pigmented animals. Although the population of uncrossed cells in the temporal retina of albino hamsters is always less than that in pigmented hamsters, no difference between the colour phases was found for the population of uncrossed cells in nasal retina. Differential cell @entity0 also contributes to the adult albino decussation pattern in hamsters: The relative loss of cells from temporal retina in albinos (72%) is greater than that in pigmented animals (56%). The additional loss in albinos does not appear to depend on binocular interactions: The same proportion (30%) of uncrossed cells is "rescued" from @entity0 by neonatal monocular enucleation in both colour phases. Flat-mount preparations showing the distribution of uncrossed fibres reveal that a distinct focus of terminals emerges in rostral superior colliculus, which is topographically appropriate for a binocular mapping, at the peak of uncrossed ganglion cell numbers (P4). Comparison of uncrossed terminal distributions and ganglion cell @entity0 reveals considerable refinement of the terminals prior to the main phase of cell @entity0 . Monocular enucleations performed some time after birth have a greater effect on uncrossed terminal distributions than on cell @entity0 . These observations suggest that independent mechanisms may be involved in the regulation of terminal distributions and of cell numbers in the developing uncrossed retinal pathways.

title: Postnatal changes in the uncrossed retinal projection of pigmented and albino XXXX and the effects of monocular enucleation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Between 1983 and 1922 70 @entity0 of the author's institution underwent valve replacement for @entity5 . In 22 cases the source of @entity2 could be identified. Among them the most frequent source of @entity2 was dental manipulation (7 @entity0 ). The predominating causative microorganism was Streptococcus viridans followed by @entity4 . Preoperative complications, the intraoperative finding of extensive destructions, and the histological finding of acute changes influenced significantly the occurrence of perioperative complications. 20 @entity0 died (28.6% overall mortality), there were 9 perioperative @entity1 (perioperative survival 87.1%). The one-year survival was 73.8% the five-year survival 61.5%. Significant risk factors for the prognosis were @entity3 , positive bacteriological result of the analyzed resected valves, perioperative complications, duration of the postoperative antibiotic treatment, and the postoperative NYHA functional class. Therefore one should intervene surgically before @entity3 appear. Perioperative complications must by treated immediately, and an adequate postoperative antibiotic therapy must be guaranteed.

title: Early and late prognosis following valve replacement for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Societal barriers to open discussion of personal feelings and preferences relating to @entity1 may hinder planning for end of life and supporting @entity0 who are dying or bereaved. AIM: To explore views about talking about @entity1 , dying and loss. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31 @entity0 ; age range 30 to 83 years. RESULTS: Making wills and communicating end of life wishes were considered very important; mostly for the sake of the family left behind. @entity0 also valued confidence to discuss other @entity0 's end of life wishes and support them appropriately if they were dying or bereaved. Many @entity0 were very comfortable talking about their own @entity1 . Identified barrier to talking about end of life wishes included not wanting to upset others; others not listening; not being about to find an appropriate moment; not knowing enough about the options available; and fear of @entity1 , especially of the unknown. Financial costs were seen as a barrier to making a will. @entity0 talked of the importance of raising awareness of what @entity1 and dying involves; what end of life options available; and the importance of communication. Information on the process of normal grieving and how to support somebody who has been bereaved were also suggested. CONCLUSION: Being able to talk about end of life wishes and know how to support @entity0 who are dying or bereaved are important to many @entity0 , and they would welcome interventions to facilitate this at a societal level.

title: PA20   Views on talking about XXXX , dying and loss.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Methods of palliation and the use of prophylactic gastroenterostomy in the treatment of unresectable @entity1 remain controversial. Gastroenterostomy has been linked with various complications. We conducted a 10-year (1982-1992) retrospective review of @entity0 who had unresectable @entity1 and underwent biliary decompression without prophylactic gastroenterostomy. 50 @entity0 were studied. Only four @entity0 (8%) developed @entity2 and required reoperation for therapeutic gastroenterostomy. The mean time to obstruction was 15.75 months, whereas the mean overall survival was 12.99 months. The mean survival of @entity0 who underwent therapeutic gastroenterostomy was 32.25 months, with an average palliation of 16.5 months after the second operation. We conclude that @entity1 has a rapid natural progression, and most @entity0 do not survive long enough to obstruct. The ones who do obstruct are unique in that they survive for a long period of time. We recommend that routine prophylactic gastroenterostomy is unnecessary, and selective use of gastroenterostomy should be exercised in case of present or impending @entity2 .

title: Role of prophylactic gastroenterostomy for unresectable XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 rely on mobility and bodily capacity to define who they are. @entity2 has been written about how bodily incapacity towards the end of life affects a @entity0 's self-concept. Expressive Movement Therapy (EMT) (also called Dance Movement Psychotherapy) enables @entity0 to use creative movement/gestures to express themselves physically, emotionally, socially and spiritually. This is the first known research about EMT in palliative care in the UK. AIM: To explore clients' experiences of EMT in a day hospice setting. METHODS: A phenomenological/case study approach explored four clients' experiences of EMT in depth. RESULTS: @entity0 used EMT to express how their ill bodies had become obstacles to defining who they are, causing a complex interaction between physical incapacity and emotional, social and @entity1 . EMT released tension by enabling @entity0 to grieve over these losses of self, and to re-integrate with their estranged bodies to express themselves as "me completely". CONCLUSION: This research provides a new understanding of the concept of 'total @entity1 '. It links physical suffering to emotional, social, @entity1 by showing that bodily incapacity prevents @entity0 from expressing their sense of whole self. EMT helps relieve this @entity1 by offering @entity0 accessible, creative ways to reconnect with their ill, estranged bodies to express themselves as an integrated complete @entity0 . The community needs to adopt a holistic approach, which does not just focus on parts of the body, but recognises the importance of helping @entity0 sustain their self-narrative as a whole @entity0 in all dimensions of their lives.

title: WA16   If my body is ill, who am i? XXXX relief through expression of whole self.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity8 , or Perthe's syndrome, is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by cervicofacial cyanosis, @entity9 , subconjunctival @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity5 . It affects both adults and @entity0 after blunt @entity5 . The diagnosis of this condition is based mainly on the specific clinical signs, which should immediately bring to mind the severity of the @entity2 , the various probable types of @entity4 , and the need for screening and careful assessment of other organs that might also be injured. In this report, we describe the case of a 39-year-old male who developed @entity8 after severe blunt @entity5 during his work at a construction site. The @entity0 had @entity6 to the chest, abdomen, head and neck, which were treated conservatively. An associated @entity2 was successfully treated by video-assisted thoracic surgery. This @entity0 is one of five @entity0 who were admitted to Saqr Hospital in the United Arab Emirates, diagnosed with @entity8 , and treated by mechanical ventilator, supportive measures, and fiberoptic bronchoscopy, for both diagnostic and therapeutic indications, in our unit in the period between July 2006 and June 2013. As @entity8 is a @entity7 , careful assessment of the @entity0 and looking for other injuries is mandatory. Treatment usually involves supportive measures to the affected organs, but surgical intervention may sometimes prove to be an important part of the treatment. Bronchoscopy should be performed for diagnostic and therapeutic reasons because of the associated pulmonary and possible @entity2 .

title: XXXX with @entity2 :    a case report.

answer: @entity8