abstract: @entity6 following focal @entity10 is widely attributed to the excitotoxic effects of @entity8 . However, critical analysis of published data on @entity8 @entity2 in vitro and the comparison of these data with in vivo release of @entity8 and the therapeutic effect of @entity8 antagonists raises doubts about a @entity9 mechanism. An alternative explanation for @entity8 -mediated injury is @entity5 due to peri- @entity7 spreading @entity4 -like depolarizations. These depolarizations are triggered in the core of the @entity7 and spread at irregular intervals into the peri- @entity7 surrounding. In ischemically uncompromised tissue, the metabolic workload associated with spreading @entity4 is coupled to an increase in blood flow and @entity0 supply, assuring maintenance of oxidative respiration. In the penumbra region of focal @entity1 , the hemodynamic constraints of collateral blood circulation prevail the adequate adjustment of @entity0 delivery, leading to transient episodes of relative tissue @entity5 . The @entity5 episodes cause a suppression of protein synthesis, a gradual deterioration of energy metabolism and a progression of irreversibly damaged tissue into the penumbra zone. The generation of peri- @entity7 spreading @entity4 and the associated metabolic workload can be suppressed by @entity3 and non- @entity3 antagonists. As a result, the penumbral inhibition of protein synthesis and the progressing energy failure is also prevented, and the volume of @entity7 decreases. Interventions to improve ischemic resistance should therefore aim at improving the @entity0 supply or reducing the metabolic workload in the penumbra region.

title: @entity8 -mediated injury in focal XXXX : the excitotoxin hypothesis revised.

answer: @entity10


abstract: AIM: Systemic low-grade @entity2 represents a central hallmark of @entity4 and has been proposed as the underlying mechanism linking factors like @entity1 or @entity0 with @entity6 . However, the impact of inflammatory markers on @entity6 has not yet been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population comprised 1784 subjects from the Study of Health in Pomerania with complete 11-year follow-up. @entity5 and white blood cell (WBC) counts were measured as markers of @entity2 . @entity6 was assessed by @entity3 ( @entity3 ), clinical @entity7 (CAL) and the CDC/AAP case definition. RESULTS: Multilevel regression analyses revealed significant coefficients for the impact of both @entity2 markers on the percentage of sites with @entity3 /CAL >= 3mm. Increases in @entity5 about 1 g/l were associated with 3.0% and 2.7% more sites with @entity3 /CAL >= 3mm, respectively. Consistent associations were found using mean values of @entity3 /CAL but not using missing teeth or caries. Regarding the CDC/AAP case definition, 11-year changes in @entity5 and WBC counts were significantly associated with >= 1 category progression (OR: 1.36 and 1.11). CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 levels and WBC counts showed consistent long-term associations with @entity3 , CAL and the CDC/AAP case definition. Results indicate that systemic low-grade @entity2 might indeed represent one possible pathway for effects of @entity1 , @entity0 or other chronic inflammatory conditions on @entity6 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Longitudinal effects of systemic @entity2 markers on XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIM: Systemic low-grade @entity2 represents a central hallmark of @entity4 and has been proposed as the underlying mechanism linking factors like @entity1 or @entity0 with @entity6 . However, the impact of inflammatory markers on @entity6 has not yet been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population comprised 1784 subjects from the Study of Health in Pomerania with complete 11-year follow-up. @entity5 and white blood cell (WBC) counts were measured as markers of @entity2 . @entity6 was assessed by @entity3 ( @entity3 ), clinical @entity7 (CAL) and the CDC/AAP case definition. RESULTS: Multilevel regression analyses revealed significant coefficients for the impact of both @entity2 markers on the percentage of sites with @entity3 /CAL >= 3mm. Increases in @entity5 about 1 g/l were associated with 3.0% and 2.7% more sites with @entity3 /CAL >= 3mm, respectively. Consistent associations were found using mean values of @entity3 /CAL but not using missing teeth or caries. Regarding the CDC/AAP case definition, 11-year changes in @entity5 and WBC counts were significantly associated with >= 1 category progression (OR: 1.36 and 1.11). CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 levels and WBC counts showed consistent long-term associations with @entity3 , CAL and the CDC/AAP case definition. Results indicate that systemic low-grade @entity2 might indeed represent one possible pathway for effects of @entity1 , @entity0 or other chronic inflammatory conditions on @entity6 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Longitudinal effects of systemic XXXX markers on @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Gene amplification/overexpression was analyzed in 23 cell lines derived from @entity0 esophageal squamous-cell- @entity1 tissues by Southern and Northern hybridizations to @entity3 , c-erbB, @entity5 and @entity4 probes. Amplification of the @entity3 gene was observed in 5 cell lines derived from well-differentiated @entity1 and all of them were accompanied by co-amplification of other examined oncogenes. The c-erbB gene was amplified in 3 cell lines. Co-amplification of @entity5 and @entity4 , both of which are located in chromosome 11q13, was found in 9 cell lines. Without exception their amplification was simultaneous and the magnitudes were similar. Their amplification, but not their overexpression, was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in @entity0 from whom the cell lines were established. While @entity5 -gene expression was not detected, at least 1 of the genes analyzed was overexpressed in 20 cell lines vs. its expression in normal esophageal mucosal tissues. However, gene amplification was not necessarily accompanied by overexpression of the corresponding genes. Expression of the @entity4 gene, which has been assumed to be a target gene for 11q13 amplification, was not detected in one particular cell line with amplification of 11q13. These results suggest that the amplification/overexpression of more than I oncogene is involved in the @entity2 and that @entity3 -gene amplification is associated with a well-differentiated subtype. There remains a possibility that key oncogenes other than @entity4 are involved in 11q13 amplification.

title: Analysis of gene amplification and overexpression in @entity0 XXXX cell lines.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Gene amplification/overexpression was analyzed in 23 cell lines derived from @entity0 esophageal squamous-cell- @entity1 tissues by Southern and Northern hybridizations to @entity3 , c-erbB, @entity5 and @entity4 probes. Amplification of the @entity3 gene was observed in 5 cell lines derived from well-differentiated @entity1 and all of them were accompanied by co-amplification of other examined oncogenes. The c-erbB gene was amplified in 3 cell lines. Co-amplification of @entity5 and @entity4 , both of which are located in chromosome 11q13, was found in 9 cell lines. Without exception their amplification was simultaneous and the magnitudes were similar. Their amplification, but not their overexpression, was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in @entity0 from whom the cell lines were established. While @entity5 -gene expression was not detected, at least 1 of the genes analyzed was overexpressed in 20 cell lines vs. its expression in normal esophageal mucosal tissues. However, gene amplification was not necessarily accompanied by overexpression of the corresponding genes. Expression of the @entity4 gene, which has been assumed to be a target gene for 11q13 amplification, was not detected in one particular cell line with amplification of 11q13. These results suggest that the amplification/overexpression of more than I oncogene is involved in the @entity2 and that @entity3 -gene amplification is associated with a well-differentiated subtype. There remains a possibility that key oncogenes other than @entity4 are involved in 11q13 amplification.

title: Analysis of gene amplification and overexpression in XXXX @entity2 cell lines.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 72-year-old @entity0 presented to the plastic surgery outpatient department with a nodular lesion to her shin. This nodule had increased in size, but was slow growing. The @entity0 had a history of sun-damaged skin. On @entity2 was thought to be a @entity6 . The nodule was excised. Histologically, the lesion was classified as a primary cutaneous myxoid spindle cell @entity4 . Currently, there is only one other paper that describes this rare @entity5 . As a result of the histological findings, the lesion margin was further excised. The wound failed to heal as expected due to the @entity0 developing a @entity7 -resistant @entity3 infection. She is currently being closely monitored due to the unknown pathway the @entity1 may take.

title: Primary cutaneous myxoid spindle cell XXXX : a rare @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A 72-year-old @entity0 presented to the plastic surgery outpatient department with a nodular lesion to her shin. This nodule had increased in size, but was slow growing. The @entity0 had a history of sun-damaged skin. On @entity2 was thought to be a @entity6 . The nodule was excised. Histologically, the lesion was classified as a primary cutaneous myxoid spindle cell @entity4 . Currently, there is only one other paper that describes this rare @entity5 . As a result of the histological findings, the lesion margin was further excised. The wound failed to heal as expected due to the @entity0 developing a @entity7 -resistant @entity3 infection. She is currently being closely monitored due to the unknown pathway the @entity1 may take.

title: Primary cutaneous myxoid spindle cell @entity4 : a rare XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Intracellular recordings were made from smooth muscle cells of arterioles and the capsule of the spleen of @entity3 and @entity0 , and the responses to periarterial or subcapsular nerve stimulation were recorded. The innervation of the spleen was studied using fluorescence and immunohistochemical techniques. @entity4 -containing axons were associated with smooth muscle of the splenic capsule, trabeculae, arterioles and amongst cells of the periarteriolar @entity2 . Axons immunoreactive for @entity8 (NPY) and @entity1 hydroxylase were distributed in an identical manner to @entity4 -containing axons, whereas axons immunoreactive for substance P or calcitonin gene-related peptide were present at a very low density in spleens from both species. In segments of arterioles, single transmural stimuli evoked excitatory junction potentials (EJPs) of 1-10 mV amplitude. EJPs facilitated during short trains of stimuli (1-10 Hz) and summated at 10 Hz, often initiating a muscle action potential. EJPs persisted in the presence of @entity5 (1 microM) and @entity7 (1 microM), but were abolished by the P2x-purinoceptor antagonist @entity6 (1 mM). Spontaneous depolarizations were observed in smooth muscle cells of arterioles and capsule. Some events in arterioles were observed in the presence of @entity6 and so may originate postjunctionally independently of transmitter release. As single transmural stimuli failed to evoke a depolarization in capsular smooth muscle, spontaneous depolarizations in this tissue probably also arise postjunctionally. Short trains of high frequency stimuli (10-35 Hz) evoked biphasic depolarizations of capsular smooth muscle cells. The initial component peaked 2.5 s following the onset of stimulation; the second component peaked 15 s following the onset and decayed exponentially with a time constant of 15 s. By fitting a product of exponentials to the second component, it was possible to define the initial component, which decayed with a time constant of around 1.5 s. Neurally evoked depolarizations of capsular smooth muscle were abolished by 1 microM TTX. Blockade of alpha 1-adrenoceptors with @entity5 reduced the initial component of the depolarization, whereas alpha 2-adrenoceptor blockade with @entity7 virtually abolished the second component. In some cells a small, faster depolarization persisted after alpha-adrenoceptor blockade. The slow alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated depolarization was identical to that recorded in the @entity0 tail artery and in the @entity3 mesenteric vein. The data indicate that sympathetic neuroeffector transmission from noradrenergic axons containing NPY to splenic arterial and capsular smooth muscle occur by different mechanisms.

title: Electrophysiological events during neuroeffector transmission in the spleen of XXXX and @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Intracellular recordings were made from smooth muscle cells of arterioles and the capsule of the spleen of @entity3 and @entity0 , and the responses to periarterial or subcapsular nerve stimulation were recorded. The innervation of the spleen was studied using fluorescence and immunohistochemical techniques. @entity4 -containing axons were associated with smooth muscle of the splenic capsule, trabeculae, arterioles and amongst cells of the periarteriolar @entity2 . Axons immunoreactive for @entity8 (NPY) and @entity1 hydroxylase were distributed in an identical manner to @entity4 -containing axons, whereas axons immunoreactive for substance P or calcitonin gene-related peptide were present at a very low density in spleens from both species. In segments of arterioles, single transmural stimuli evoked excitatory junction potentials (EJPs) of 1-10 mV amplitude. EJPs facilitated during short trains of stimuli (1-10 Hz) and summated at 10 Hz, often initiating a muscle action potential. EJPs persisted in the presence of @entity5 (1 microM) and @entity7 (1 microM), but were abolished by the P2x-purinoceptor antagonist @entity6 (1 mM). Spontaneous depolarizations were observed in smooth muscle cells of arterioles and capsule. Some events in arterioles were observed in the presence of @entity6 and so may originate postjunctionally independently of transmitter release. As single transmural stimuli failed to evoke a depolarization in capsular smooth muscle, spontaneous depolarizations in this tissue probably also arise postjunctionally. Short trains of high frequency stimuli (10-35 Hz) evoked biphasic depolarizations of capsular smooth muscle cells. The initial component peaked 2.5 s following the onset of stimulation; the second component peaked 15 s following the onset and decayed exponentially with a time constant of 15 s. By fitting a product of exponentials to the second component, it was possible to define the initial component, which decayed with a time constant of around 1.5 s. Neurally evoked depolarizations of capsular smooth muscle were abolished by 1 microM TTX. Blockade of alpha 1-adrenoceptors with @entity5 reduced the initial component of the depolarization, whereas alpha 2-adrenoceptor blockade with @entity7 virtually abolished the second component. In some cells a small, faster depolarization persisted after alpha-adrenoceptor blockade. The slow alpha 2-adrenoceptor-mediated depolarization was identical to that recorded in the @entity0 tail artery and in the @entity3 mesenteric vein. The data indicate that sympathetic neuroeffector transmission from noradrenergic axons containing NPY to splenic arterial and capsular smooth muscle occur by different mechanisms.

title: Electrophysiological events during neuroeffector transmission in the spleen of @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of oral postoperative @entity2 therapy in facial plastic surgery on mood, @entity1 , and ecchymosis. DESIGN: Double-blind randomized trial with placebo control. SETTING: Private practice, ambulatory care facility. @entity0 : Any @entity0 who was to undergo a procedure in which we had previously been employing postoperative @entity2 therapy was a potential @entity0 . Any @entity0 with known contraindications to @entity2 use was excluded. A consecutive, volunteer sample of 60 of 65 @entity0 approached agreed to participate. Five @entity0 of the 60 who participated were excluded from the final results owing to either study or @entity0 errors, leaving a total sample of 55 @entity0 . All 55 @entity0 completed the study in the 7-day follow-up period. No @entity0 were withdrawn owing to adverse effects. INTERVENTION: Taper of @entity3 therapy from 60 mg orally and decreasing by 10 mg each day over a total of 6 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mood, @entity1 , and ecchymosis. RESULTS: No significant differences were noted in mood, @entity1 , or ecchymosis between the placebo and intervention groups. The study observer was blinded to @entity0 groupings in the subjective measures of @entity1 and ecchymosis. The @entity0 rated any changes in mood and were also blinded to the group in which they belonged. CONCLUSIONS: The use of oral @entity4 given postoperatively in facial plastic surgery may be unnecessary and may subject the @entity0 to undue risk. Further studies would be helpful to determine the potential benefit of @entity4 given in different dosages, routes, and timing in relation to the procedure.

title: Effects of XXXX on mood, @entity1 , and ecchymosis in facial plastic surgery.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of oral postoperative @entity2 therapy in facial plastic surgery on mood, @entity1 , and ecchymosis. DESIGN: Double-blind randomized trial with placebo control. SETTING: Private practice, ambulatory care facility. @entity0 : Any @entity0 who was to undergo a procedure in which we had previously been employing postoperative @entity2 therapy was a potential @entity0 . Any @entity0 with known contraindications to @entity2 use was excluded. A consecutive, volunteer sample of 60 of 65 @entity0 approached agreed to participate. Five @entity0 of the 60 who participated were excluded from the final results owing to either study or @entity0 errors, leaving a total sample of 55 @entity0 . All 55 @entity0 completed the study in the 7-day follow-up period. No @entity0 were withdrawn owing to adverse effects. INTERVENTION: Taper of @entity3 therapy from 60 mg orally and decreasing by 10 mg each day over a total of 6 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mood, @entity1 , and ecchymosis. RESULTS: No significant differences were noted in mood, @entity1 , or ecchymosis between the placebo and intervention groups. The study observer was blinded to @entity0 groupings in the subjective measures of @entity1 and ecchymosis. The @entity0 rated any changes in mood and were also blinded to the group in which they belonged. CONCLUSIONS: The use of oral @entity4 given postoperatively in facial plastic surgery may be unnecessary and may subject the @entity0 to undue risk. Further studies would be helpful to determine the potential benefit of @entity4 given in different dosages, routes, and timing in relation to the procedure.

title: Effects of @entity4 on mood, XXXX , and ecchymosis in facial plastic surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: To plan and implement @entity1 control measures, information about the baseline habit patterns of the community is needed. A coastal village near Trivandrum, Kerala, Southern India, supported mainly by the fishing industry, was identified for this study with regard to establishing measures to control @entity1 there. @entity1 is prevalent in Kerala. Smoking and chewing @entity3 and drinking alcoholic beverages are the major risk factors for this @entity1 . The socioeconomic status of the fishermen of Kerala is low and their literacy rate is low. The adults in coastal Kerala have been found to have a habit pattern of very high levels of @entity3 and @entity2 use. A survey was conducted to study the @entity3 and @entity2 use habits of 146 @entity0 and teenagers in this village. The percentages of study subjects with pan- @entity3 -chewing, smoking, and drinking habits were 29%, 2%, and 3%, respectively. The habit pattern correlated negatively with education and positively with number of @entity0 per family. This survey provides information that can be used to plan @entity1 education efforts, including redesigning the school curriculum and focusing on high-risk groups.

title: Use of XXXX and alcoholic beverages by @entity0 and teenagers in a low-income coastal community in south India.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To plan and implement @entity1 control measures, information about the baseline habit patterns of the community is needed. A coastal village near Trivandrum, Kerala, Southern India, supported mainly by the fishing industry, was identified for this study with regard to establishing measures to control @entity1 there. @entity1 is prevalent in Kerala. Smoking and chewing @entity3 and drinking alcoholic beverages are the major risk factors for this @entity1 . The socioeconomic status of the fishermen of Kerala is low and their literacy rate is low. The adults in coastal Kerala have been found to have a habit pattern of very high levels of @entity3 and @entity2 use. A survey was conducted to study the @entity3 and @entity2 use habits of 146 @entity0 and teenagers in this village. The percentages of study subjects with pan- @entity3 -chewing, smoking, and drinking habits were 29%, 2%, and 3%, respectively. The habit pattern correlated negatively with education and positively with number of @entity0 per family. This survey provides information that can be used to plan @entity1 education efforts, including redesigning the school curriculum and focusing on high-risk groups.

title: Use of @entity3 and alcoholic beverages by XXXX and teenagers in a low-income coastal community in south India.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a rare condition in which mucinous cyst forms within the adventitia of arteries and veins. The management of @entity1 remains unclear and a wide range of imaging and treatment options has been described. The purpose of this study is to propose an update of etiology, clinical diagnosis, imaging modalities and treatment options in the setting of @entity1 described on arterial territory. METHODS: We performed a systematic review including studies reporting case or case series of @entity1 , searching across the Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases. RESULTS: We identified 513 reports and 677 arterial cysts. Various imaging modalities included duplex ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomographic angiography and conventional angiography. A wide range of treatment options have been performed with the most common being cyst resection followed by saphenous vein graft reconstruction in 259 cases. Follow-up was described in 431 cases with an average of 33 months. There were 51 @entity0 who developed cyst recurrence. Among the 102 cases where joint connection was identified, 40 had either ligation of the joint connection or joint resection, which led to no recurrences. CONCLUSION: @entity1 must be considered as en entity in @entity3 and considered in the differential diagnosis, in particular for middle-aged male @entity0 who show no evidence of @entity2 . A better understanding of the pathogenesis of @entity1 will allow a consensus on treatment strategy and improve outcomes by reducing recurrence rates.

title: Cystic adventitial pathology as an entity in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The records of all @entity0 undergoing pancreatogastrostomy after pancreatoduodenal resection at the University of Kansas Medical Center were reviewed. Five @entity0 with a mean age of 26 years (range, 20-32 years) and severe penetrating (n = 3) or blunt (n = 2) @entity1 have required pancreatoduodenectomy followed by pancreatogastrostomy (n = 4) or pancreatogastrostomy alone (n = 1) since 1975. Their mean @entity1 Score was 12 (range, 9-16). All five @entity0 had soft, previously normal pancreatic glands without induration or ductal dilatation. The mean duration of surgery was 6 hours (range, 5-7 hours), mean @entity2 was 7200 mL (range, 1,000-17,500 mL), mean transfusion requirements were 14 units of blood (range, 2-32 units), and mean hospital stay was 37 days (range, 11-90 days). Two @entity0 developed right upper quadrant abscesses that required a second procedure. There were no pancreatic @entity4 , @entity3 , or other complications related to the pancreatogastrostomy. At last examination, all five @entity0 were alive and well and had not developed endocrine or exocrine @entity5 after a mean follow-up of 4 years (range, 1-9 months). Pancreatogastrostomy following pancreatoduodenectomy for @entity1 has not been previously reported. Our experience demonstrates that pancreatogastrostomy is a safe and expeditious method for handling the pancreatic remnant following pancreatoduodenectomy. Furthermore, the results of this study suggest that pancreatogastrostomy has several advantages over pancreatojejunostomy for restoring pancreato-intestinal continuity in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: The role of pancreatogastrostomy following pancreatoduodenectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Noncompliance with neuroleptic treatment is a major barrier to delivery of effective treatment for @entity1 outpatients. This article describes the development of a standardized measure for the assessment of attitudinal and behavioral factors influencing @entity0 compliance with neuroleptic treatment. The Rating of Medication Influences (ROMI) scale was developed as part of a longitudinal study of neuroleptic noncompliance in @entity1 and administered to 115 discharged @entity1 outpatients. Analyses of the following were conducted to assess the scale's psychometric properties: (1) interrater reliability, (2) internal consistency, (3) principal components, (4) correlation with other subjective measures, and (5) correlation with independent family reports. Most (95%) of the ROMI @entity0 -report items were reliable, whereas rater-judgment items were not reliable. The rater section was dropped. A principal components analysis of the reliable @entity0 -report items yielded three subscales related to compliance (Prevention, Influence of Others, and Medication Affinity) and five subscales related to noncompliance ( @entity2 , Logistical Problems, Rejection of Label, Family Influence, and Negative Therapeutic Alliance). There were significant correlations between these subscales, and independently obtained family-report ROMI items were significant. The @entity2 subscale correlated strongly with two other published measures of dysphoric response to neuroleptics, whereas the other noncompliance subscales did not. The ROMI is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to assess the @entity0 's subjective reasons for medication compliance and non-compliance. The subscale findings suggest that the ROMI provides a more comprehensive data base for @entity0 -reported compliance attitudes than the other available subjective measures. Indications for use of the ROMI and other subjective measures of neuroleptic response are reviewed.

title: Rating of medication influences (ROMI) scale in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise and pharmacological stress echocardiography have emerged as convenient alternatives to @entity1 . The objective of this study was to compare in the same @entity0 the diagnostic values of exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 stress echocardiography tests for detection of @entity4 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed exercise (maximal treadmill Bruce protocol), @entity2 (up to 40 micrograms/kg per minute) and @entity5 (up to 0.84 mg/kg over 10 minutes) stress echocardiography tests, in random sequence and on separate days, in 136 consecutive @entity0 . All @entity0 underwent coronary angiography. Significant @entity3 was defined by quantitative coronary angiography as a lesion with a diameter stenosis > or = 50%. A stress echocardiogram was considered positive when new or worsening of preexisting wall motion abnormality was observed. Most of the @entity0 (94%) were receiving the same antianginal medication for each stress test; 59 @entity0 were receiving concomitant beta-blocker therapy. The prevalence of @entity3 was 87.5%, with 108 @entity0 having one-vessel @entity3 . Peak heart rate and systolic blood pressure were higher with exercise than with @entity2 or @entity5 (P < .01). Sensitivity of exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 stress echocardiography was 88%, 82%, and 74% ( @entity5 versus exercise, P < .01), respectively. Specificity was 82%, 77%, and 94%, respectively. The overall accuracy was 87%, 82%, and 77% ( @entity5 versus exercise, P < .01), respectively. The accuracy of @entity5 was higher (P = .02) in the group of @entity0 not receiving beta-blockers (84%) than in the @entity0 receiving beta-blocker therapy (66%), whereas the accuracy of exercise and @entity2 were only slightly higher in the @entity0 not receiving beta-blockers. Significant side effects occurred in 3%, 11%, and 1% of @entity0 during exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 tests, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the different hemodynamic effects, exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 echocardiography have high overall diagnostic values. In this group of @entity0 with a predominance of one-vessel @entity3 , the overall diagnostic accuracy of stress echocardiography tests was higher for exercise than for @entity2 or @entity5 . Concomitant beta-blocker therapy significantly decreased the accuracy of the @entity5 stress echocardiography test. Pharmacological stress testing ( @entity5 without beta-blockers) can therefore be used as an efficient option for detection of @entity4 in @entity0 who are unable or poorly motivated to exercise adequately.

title: Stress echocardiography in the detection of XXXX . Head-to-head comparison of exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 tests.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise and pharmacological stress echocardiography have emerged as convenient alternatives to @entity1 . The objective of this study was to compare in the same @entity0 the diagnostic values of exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 stress echocardiography tests for detection of @entity4 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed exercise (maximal treadmill Bruce protocol), @entity2 (up to 40 micrograms/kg per minute) and @entity5 (up to 0.84 mg/kg over 10 minutes) stress echocardiography tests, in random sequence and on separate days, in 136 consecutive @entity0 . All @entity0 underwent coronary angiography. Significant @entity3 was defined by quantitative coronary angiography as a lesion with a diameter stenosis > or = 50%. A stress echocardiogram was considered positive when new or worsening of preexisting wall motion abnormality was observed. Most of the @entity0 (94%) were receiving the same antianginal medication for each stress test; 59 @entity0 were receiving concomitant beta-blocker therapy. The prevalence of @entity3 was 87.5%, with 108 @entity0 having one-vessel @entity3 . Peak heart rate and systolic blood pressure were higher with exercise than with @entity2 or @entity5 (P < .01). Sensitivity of exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 stress echocardiography was 88%, 82%, and 74% ( @entity5 versus exercise, P < .01), respectively. Specificity was 82%, 77%, and 94%, respectively. The overall accuracy was 87%, 82%, and 77% ( @entity5 versus exercise, P < .01), respectively. The accuracy of @entity5 was higher (P = .02) in the group of @entity0 not receiving beta-blockers (84%) than in the @entity0 receiving beta-blocker therapy (66%), whereas the accuracy of exercise and @entity2 were only slightly higher in the @entity0 not receiving beta-blockers. Significant side effects occurred in 3%, 11%, and 1% of @entity0 during exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 tests, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the different hemodynamic effects, exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 echocardiography have high overall diagnostic values. In this group of @entity0 with a predominance of one-vessel @entity3 , the overall diagnostic accuracy of stress echocardiography tests was higher for exercise than for @entity2 or @entity5 . Concomitant beta-blocker therapy significantly decreased the accuracy of the @entity5 stress echocardiography test. Pharmacological stress testing ( @entity5 without beta-blockers) can therefore be used as an efficient option for detection of @entity4 in @entity0 who are unable or poorly motivated to exercise adequately.

title: Stress echocardiography in the detection of @entity4 . Head-to-head comparison of exercise, @entity2 , and XXXX tests.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise and pharmacological stress echocardiography have emerged as convenient alternatives to @entity1 . The objective of this study was to compare in the same @entity0 the diagnostic values of exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 stress echocardiography tests for detection of @entity4 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed exercise (maximal treadmill Bruce protocol), @entity2 (up to 40 micrograms/kg per minute) and @entity5 (up to 0.84 mg/kg over 10 minutes) stress echocardiography tests, in random sequence and on separate days, in 136 consecutive @entity0 . All @entity0 underwent coronary angiography. Significant @entity3 was defined by quantitative coronary angiography as a lesion with a diameter stenosis > or = 50%. A stress echocardiogram was considered positive when new or worsening of preexisting wall motion abnormality was observed. Most of the @entity0 (94%) were receiving the same antianginal medication for each stress test; 59 @entity0 were receiving concomitant beta-blocker therapy. The prevalence of @entity3 was 87.5%, with 108 @entity0 having one-vessel @entity3 . Peak heart rate and systolic blood pressure were higher with exercise than with @entity2 or @entity5 (P < .01). Sensitivity of exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 stress echocardiography was 88%, 82%, and 74% ( @entity5 versus exercise, P < .01), respectively. Specificity was 82%, 77%, and 94%, respectively. The overall accuracy was 87%, 82%, and 77% ( @entity5 versus exercise, P < .01), respectively. The accuracy of @entity5 was higher (P = .02) in the group of @entity0 not receiving beta-blockers (84%) than in the @entity0 receiving beta-blocker therapy (66%), whereas the accuracy of exercise and @entity2 were only slightly higher in the @entity0 not receiving beta-blockers. Significant side effects occurred in 3%, 11%, and 1% of @entity0 during exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 tests, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the different hemodynamic effects, exercise, @entity2 , and @entity5 echocardiography have high overall diagnostic values. In this group of @entity0 with a predominance of one-vessel @entity3 , the overall diagnostic accuracy of stress echocardiography tests was higher for exercise than for @entity2 or @entity5 . Concomitant beta-blocker therapy significantly decreased the accuracy of the @entity5 stress echocardiography test. Pharmacological stress testing ( @entity5 without beta-blockers) can therefore be used as an efficient option for detection of @entity4 in @entity0 who are unable or poorly motivated to exercise adequately.

title: Stress echocardiography in the detection of @entity4 . Head-to-head comparison of exercise, XXXX , and @entity5 tests.

answer: @entity2


abstract: There is little information on reconstructive arterial surgery for Takayasu @entity9 , and the approach is generally negative in this regard. Common causes of @entity4 are @entity1 , @entity6 and the complications of @entity8 and @entity3 . The present study aims to examine the results of arterial reconstruction in the medium and long term in @entity0 with histologically proven @entity10 . In the last 11 years 134 @entity0 have been referred to the vascular service of whom 81 (60%) were suitable for operation. Forty-nine were @entity0 ; age range 3-45 years (average 29.5 years). In 28 the disease was confined to the aortic arch (Type 1); 41 had descending aortic involvement (Type II); six had a combination of arch and @entity7 (Type 111) and two associated @entity5 (Type IV). Four had isolated peripheral lesions (Type V). Seventy percent of these lesions were aneurysmal. Of the 28 type I @entity0 , two had aortic arch reconstruction, seven segmental replacement. Of the 49 with @entity2 26 had thoraco-abdominal aortic replacement using a bypass technique. The remainder had infrarenal aortic replacement and bypass procedures. Type V (four @entity0 ) had interposition grafts. Overall operative mortality in the Type I @entity0 was 3.6% ( @entity1 ) and in the type II-IV 4%. All of the latter followed operation for @entity6 and there were no elective deaths. Three months to 11 years after operation four @entity0 (5%) developed fatal progression of the disease and seven (8.9) non-fatal disease progression of whom three required surgical intervention.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Arterial reconstruction for non-specific XXXX ( @entity10 ): medium to long term results.

answer: @entity9


abstract: There is little information on reconstructive arterial surgery for Takayasu @entity9 , and the approach is generally negative in this regard. Common causes of @entity4 are @entity1 , @entity6 and the complications of @entity8 and @entity3 . The present study aims to examine the results of arterial reconstruction in the medium and long term in @entity0 with histologically proven @entity10 . In the last 11 years 134 @entity0 have been referred to the vascular service of whom 81 (60%) were suitable for operation. Forty-nine were @entity0 ; age range 3-45 years (average 29.5 years). In 28 the disease was confined to the aortic arch (Type 1); 41 had descending aortic involvement (Type II); six had a combination of arch and @entity7 (Type 111) and two associated @entity5 (Type IV). Four had isolated peripheral lesions (Type V). Seventy percent of these lesions were aneurysmal. Of the 28 type I @entity0 , two had aortic arch reconstruction, seven segmental replacement. Of the 49 with @entity2 26 had thoraco-abdominal aortic replacement using a bypass technique. The remainder had infrarenal aortic replacement and bypass procedures. Type V (four @entity0 ) had interposition grafts. Overall operative mortality in the Type I @entity0 was 3.6% ( @entity1 ) and in the type II-IV 4%. All of the latter followed operation for @entity6 and there were no elective deaths. Three months to 11 years after operation four @entity0 (5%) developed fatal progression of the disease and seven (8.9) non-fatal disease progression of whom three required surgical intervention.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Arterial reconstruction for non-specific @entity9 ( XXXX ): medium to long term results.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Regardless of the overall association between diet and acne which cannot be easily ignored, there might be an association between specific nutrients and acne development or improvement. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary intake of sunflower seeds on acne severity and the pattern of acne lesions. @entity0 AND METHODS: In a randomized controlled trial, 50 @entity0 aged 15 - 30 years old with @entity1 were enrolled through consecutive convenient sampling, in a dermatology clinic in Ardabil, Iran. They were randomly allocated into two trial arms. Those in the control group were asked to stop eating sunflower seeds if they did before. In the intervention group, they consumed 25 g sunflower-containing food daily for seven days. The primary outcome of interest was 10% increase/decrease in the baseline acne severity index (ASI), sustained to the end of the follow-up period on day 14. RESULTS: The mean ASI did not change significantly through the study period in the control group, but it increased in the sunflower group from 62 at the baseline to 86.8 after two weeks (P < 0.001). The ASI mean change was 24.8 in the sunflower group compared to 4.9 in the control group (P < 0.001). The global acne grading score (GAGS) did not significantly change in any of the groups and the difference in the change of GAGS was not significant between the groups (2.4 in the sunflower group versus 1.6 in the control group). Twenty two subjects (88%) in the sunflower group versus 9 (36%) in the control group had at least 10% increment in ASI throughout the follow-up period (P < 0.001). The relative risk of developing the primary outcome in taking the sunflower seed intervention was 2.4 (95% CI: 1.4 - 4.2). The observed risk difference was 0.52 (95% CI: 0.29 - 0.75). CONCLUSIONS: Sunflower seed intake appears to aggravate @entity1 ; however, further evidence is needed to ban sunflower seed intake in @entity0 with acne. Considering the observed potential negative effect in this trial, future randomized clinical trials may base their design on randomly assigning the exposed @entity0 to give up use of sunflower seed intake.

title: Sunflower Seed and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Between 1975 and 1980, 42 @entity6 have been managed, they represented 9.5 per cent of @entity8 . Nine @entity0 received penetrating @entity3 and thirty three @entity0 sustained blunt @entity3 , the majority of them was a road accident. Associated and concomitant injuries of abdominal organs were present in 81 per cent of cases with the @entity7 . More than 66 per cent have multiple brain, thoraco, abdominal, and @entity2 . Thirty two @entity0 have been treated before the sixth hour. The emergency surgical treatment has been conservative in twenty six @entity0 and a primary resection has been performed in twelve @entity0 , (with eleven partial pancreatectomy and one pancreatoduodenectomy). But four @entity0 died on the operating table because they have extensive injuries to several abdominal organs. @entity4 were present in 66 per cent of cases. They obliged the drainage of abscesses, three distal pancreatectomy and one pancreatoduodenectomy. The global mortality is 31 per cent, the secondary mortality is 21.4 per cent. The authors conclude thanks to the study of this series and of literature that the frequency of @entity7 increased, and that its gravity is directly related to the number of other organs damages, missed or delayed diagnostic and to an inappropriate emergency treatment, which let @entity1 and @entity5 making their deadly evolution.

title: [ XXXX . Report on 42 cases (author's transl)].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study examined the pathomorphology of the caudate nuclei in first-episode @entity1 @entity0 with minimal previous neuroleptic exposure. METHOD: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was used to examine longitudinally the caudate pathomorphology in 29 first-episode @entity1 @entity0 and 10 healthy comparison subjects. MRI scans were obtained after the subjects entered the study and at 18-month follow-up. The @entity0 were treated with standardized neuroleptic regimens during the 18-month period. Volumetric assessments of the cerebral cortex, lateral ventricles, and caudate nuclei were performed on T1-weighted coronal brain sections. In addition, the @entity0 were systematically evaluated for psychopathology at baseline and during treatment. RESULTS: Caudate volumes increased 5.7% in the @entity0 during the 18-month treatment interval, whereas they decreased 1.6% in the comparison subjects over the same time period. Greater amounts of antipsychotic medication received by @entity0 before the first scan and younger age at the time of the first scan were associated with larger increases in caudate volume. CONCLUSIONS: Caudate enlargement occurs early in the course of treatment in young first-episode @entity1 @entity0 . This may be a result of an interaction between neuroleptic treatment and the plasticity of dopaminergic neuronal systems in young @entity0 .

title: Increase in caudate nuclei volumes of first-episode XXXX patients taking antipsychotic drugs.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A secondary @entity5 can occur after transfusion of autologous blood withdrawn after injection of muscle relaxants. In this study time course of @entity1 after transfusion of blood withdrawn before or after administration of @entity6 (A) or @entity4 (V) was assessed. Forty adults undergoing haemorrhagic urologic surgery were included in the study. After induction of general anaesthesia and intubation of the @entity2 facilitated by local @entity3 , they were divided into 4 groups. In groups A1 and V1 the blood units were withdrawn before injection of atracurium 0.5 mg.kg-1 or @entity4 0.1 mg.kg-1. In group A2 and V2 the blood units were withdrawn after administration of muscle relaxants. Haematocrit was decreased to 0.30. The last bolus of these muscle relaxant was injected 30 min before the end of surgical procedure. Autologous blood was transfused when train of four ( @entity7 ) recovered to 0.80. Electromyographic elicited responses to T4R stimulation were obtained every minute during the 4 first minutes after the beginning of transfusion (T1 to T4), thereafter every minute during the 5 first minutes after the end of transfusion (T5 to T9), and finally every 5 minutes for 10 minutes (T10 and T11). There was a secondary @entity5 in @entity0 of groups A2 and V2. The intensity of blockade was more important after @entity4 than after atracurium (p < 0.01 from T2 to T11 between groups A2 and V2). In group A2, the T4R had not reached the control level at the end of the procedure (0.78 at T11 vs 0.80 at T0). These data emphasize the importance of withdrawing blood units before administration of muscle relaxants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Risk of secondary XXXX after autotransfusion of blood drawn from the @entity0 following curare administration].

answer: @entity5


abstract: A secondary @entity5 can occur after transfusion of autologous blood withdrawn after injection of muscle relaxants. In this study time course of @entity1 after transfusion of blood withdrawn before or after administration of @entity6 (A) or @entity4 (V) was assessed. Forty adults undergoing haemorrhagic urologic surgery were included in the study. After induction of general anaesthesia and intubation of the @entity2 facilitated by local @entity3 , they were divided into 4 groups. In groups A1 and V1 the blood units were withdrawn before injection of atracurium 0.5 mg.kg-1 or @entity4 0.1 mg.kg-1. In group A2 and V2 the blood units were withdrawn after administration of muscle relaxants. Haematocrit was decreased to 0.30. The last bolus of these muscle relaxant was injected 30 min before the end of surgical procedure. Autologous blood was transfused when train of four ( @entity7 ) recovered to 0.80. Electromyographic elicited responses to T4R stimulation were obtained every minute during the 4 first minutes after the beginning of transfusion (T1 to T4), thereafter every minute during the 5 first minutes after the end of transfusion (T5 to T9), and finally every 5 minutes for 10 minutes (T10 and T11). There was a secondary @entity5 in @entity0 of groups A2 and V2. The intensity of blockade was more important after @entity4 than after atracurium (p < 0.01 from T2 to T11 between groups A2 and V2). In group A2, the T4R had not reached the control level at the end of the procedure (0.78 at T11 vs 0.80 at T0). These data emphasize the importance of withdrawing blood units before administration of muscle relaxants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Risk of secondary @entity5 after autotransfusion of blood drawn from the XXXX following curare administration].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Five psychosocial factors were empirically derived from a questionnaire administered to 175 @entity3 @entity0 who were taken from three subsamples representing hospitalized inpatients, outpatients and private practice @entity0 . The scales included three measures of @entity1 labeled Despair Over Social Debilitation, Quality of Life, and Dread of Illness, one attitude scale labeled Orientation Towards Compliance, and one scale labeled Family Communication. These scales correlated with measures of debilitation during the 6 month period prior to treatment, which included the number of @entity2 attacks, emergency room visits, days hospitalized, days of school missed and parental ratings of interference in physically strenuous activities. Two groups of @entity0 were defined for each psychosocial factor by a mean split of the scores. The incidence of @entity0 with relatively much @entity1 as defined by three of these scales and a poor attitude about compliance was greatest in the inpatient subsample and least in the private practice subsample. Inpatients also experienced the most debilitation during the 6 month period before testing. Follow-up measures of debilitation were recorded for the 6 month period post discharge. The relationship between the debilitation experienced by the @entity0 and their @entity1 was evaluated. @entity0 groups with much and @entity1 showed comparable and significant reductions in debilitation post hospital treatment. The results were interpreted to indicate that the @entity1 assessed upon admission was the consequence of a history of poor medical manageability. The @entity1 assessed did not appear to contribute to poor control of this illness.

title: Medical manageability and psychosocial factors in childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Recent experimental and clinical studies have suggested that probiotic supplementation has beneficial effects on serum lipid profiles. However, there are conflicting results on the efficacy of probiotic preparations in reducing serum @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of probiotics on human serum lipid levels, we conducted a meta-analysis of interventional studies. METHODS: Eligible reports were obtained by searches of electronic databases. We included randomized, controlled clinical trials comparing probiotic supplementation with placebo or no treatment (control). Statistical analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.3.3. Subanalyses were also performed. RESULTS: Eleven of 33 randomized clinical trials retrieved were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. No @entity0 had received any @entity2 -lowering agent. Probiotic interventions (including fermented milk products and probiotics) produced changes in total @entity2 (TC) (mean difference -0.17 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.07 mmol/L) and low-density lipoprotein @entity2 (LDL-C) (mean difference -0.22 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.13 mmol/L). High-density lipoprotein @entity2 and @entity3 levels did not differ significantly between probiotic and control groups. In subanalysis, long-term (>4-week) probiotic intervention was statistically more effective in decreasing TC and LDL-C than short-term ( <=4-week) intervention. The decreases in TC and LDL-C levels with probiotic intervention were greater in mildly @entity4 than in normocholesterolemic individuals. Both fermented milk product and probiotic preparations decreased TC and LDL-C levels. Gaio and the @entity6 reduced TC and LDL-C levels to a greater extent than other bacterial strains. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this meta-analysis showed that probiotic supplementation could be useful in the primary prevention of @entity5 and may lead to reductions in risk factors for @entity1 .

title: Meta-Analysis: Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Lipid Profiles in XXXX Individuals.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In the previous study, using @entity1 tracer, we reported the ultrastructural evidences which suggested the increased capillary permeability of preovulatory @entity0 ovarian follicles. In the present study, another tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP 50 A in diameter, mw. 40,000), being smaller than @entity1 particle, was used to examine the permeability of perifollicular capillaries. HRP left capillaries and appeared in the follicular cavity immediately after the injection into aorta, through all stages of follicular development. In the capillaries, the narrow interendothelial clefts (about 100-200 A in width) were observed through preovulatory stages. Fenestrations were noted at 3,4,6 hours after the hCG injection, and interendothelial gaps (about 1,000-10,000 A in width) were seen at 10, 12 hours. HRP passed through these structures and infiltrated the capillary basal lamina and the basal lamina of the follicle and went through the intercellular spaces between granulosa cells. Therefore, the increased permeability of perifollicular capillaries, just prior to ovulation, were not so obvious as when @entity1 particles were used. On the other hand, @entity1 particles, injected via marginal ear vein, were incorporated in the endothelial vesicles 15 min. after its administration and retained beneath the basal lamina outside the follicle within 60 min. These observations indicated that "blood follicle barrier" consisting of capillary endothelium, basal lamina, basal lamina of the follicle and granulosa layer played an inhibitory role to large molecules but not to small molecules.

title: [An ultrastructural study of capillary permeability of XXXX ovarian follicles using horseradish peroxidase as a tracer (author's transl)].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity2 is overexpressed in @entity4 and the @entity2 has been proposed as a potential target for new therapeutic agents in this @entity1 type. We have utilized a tyrphostintype inhibitor of the @entity2 @entity3 kinase domain ( @entity7 ) to study EGF-dependent proliferation and phosphorylation in two @entity0 @entity4 cell lines. There were selected on the basis that whereas both cell lines have a large number of EGF receptors, one is growth inhibited by EGF (A431) while the proliferation of the other cell line (B2A4) is stimulated by EGF. EGF induced receptor autophosphorylation in each of the two cell lines; however, the level of phosphorylation was greater in the A431 cells than in the B2A4 cells. The pattern of proteins phosphorylated in response to EGF was different in the two squamous cell lines. @entity7 antagonized the EGF-dependent proliferation of B2A4 cells, but was unable to reverse the inhibitory effect of EGF on A431 cell growth. @entity7 partially inhibited @entity2 autophosphorylation in both cell lines and completely inhibited the EGF-dependent phosphorylation of other cellular proteins, one of which co-migrated with @entity6 kinase in both cell lines. Moreover, different dose-response relationships for the inhibition of phosphorylation of various proteins were observed in A431 versus B2A4 cells. As a substrate competitive inhibitor of the @entity2 @entity3 kinase, the primary mode of action of @entity7 may be to prevent the association and/or phosphorylation of multiple specific substrates of the receptor in a fashion which may be cell line dependent. The precise relationship of these phosphorylation events to @entity5 sensitivity remains to be established.

title: Alterations in EGF-dependent proliferative and phosphorylation events in @entity4 cell lines by a XXXX kinase inhibitor.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity2 is overexpressed in @entity4 and the @entity2 has been proposed as a potential target for new therapeutic agents in this @entity1 type. We have utilized a tyrphostintype inhibitor of the @entity2 @entity3 kinase domain ( @entity7 ) to study EGF-dependent proliferation and phosphorylation in two @entity0 @entity4 cell lines. There were selected on the basis that whereas both cell lines have a large number of EGF receptors, one is growth inhibited by EGF (A431) while the proliferation of the other cell line (B2A4) is stimulated by EGF. EGF induced receptor autophosphorylation in each of the two cell lines; however, the level of phosphorylation was greater in the A431 cells than in the B2A4 cells. The pattern of proteins phosphorylated in response to EGF was different in the two squamous cell lines. @entity7 antagonized the EGF-dependent proliferation of B2A4 cells, but was unable to reverse the inhibitory effect of EGF on A431 cell growth. @entity7 partially inhibited @entity2 autophosphorylation in both cell lines and completely inhibited the EGF-dependent phosphorylation of other cellular proteins, one of which co-migrated with @entity6 kinase in both cell lines. Moreover, different dose-response relationships for the inhibition of phosphorylation of various proteins were observed in A431 versus B2A4 cells. As a substrate competitive inhibitor of the @entity2 @entity3 kinase, the primary mode of action of @entity7 may be to prevent the association and/or phosphorylation of multiple specific substrates of the receptor in a fashion which may be cell line dependent. The precise relationship of these phosphorylation events to @entity5 sensitivity remains to be established.

title: Alterations in EGF-dependent proliferative and phosphorylation events in XXXX cell lines by a @entity3 kinase inhibitor.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Increasing @entity0 ' participation in health care is a commonly cited goal. While @entity0 decision aids can promote participation, they remain underutilized. Theory-based models that assess barriers and facilitators to sustained decision @entity1 use are needed. The ready, willing, and able model specifies three preconditions for behavioral change. We present a descriptive analysis of the uptake of @entity0 decision aids in the primary care setting and show how the ready, willing, and able model can be used to identify potential barriers and facilitators. METHODS: An Ovid Medline literature search from January 2004 to November 2014 was used; additional sources were identified from reference lists and through peer consultations. Barriers and facilitators to decision @entity1 use were identified and grouped into salient themes. RESULTS: The ready, willing, and able model provided a simple yet practical framework for identifying the mechanisms that facilitate (or work against) the adoption of @entity0 decision aids within primary care. While time was a prominent barrier, additional barriers such as perceived legitimacy, clinic capacity, processes of care, and the overarching health care environment were also noted. CONCLUSIONS: The ready, willing, and able model posits that several preconditions must first be satisfied before sustained use of @entity0 decision aids can take hold. By pinpointing bottlenecks, the model can inform policies and tailored interventions to target identified problems. Using the model to troubleshoot for bottlenecks prior to the implementation of a decision @entity1 could help to improve uptake and sustained use within the primary care setting.

title: Decision XXXX Use in Primary Care: An Overview and Theory-Based Framework.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OKT3 was used to treat @entity1 -resistant acute renal allograft rejection in 30 of 496 adult @entity0 transplanted over a 6-year period. Rejection was reversed (defined as a fall in serum @entity4 by 50% or more within 30 days of treatment with OKT3) in 40% of cases. Successful reversal was significantly more likely when rejection occurred shortly after transplantation (t ratio -2.53; P = 0.019). The long-term outcome was disappointing; the actuarial graft survival at 1 year from the start of treatment with OKT3 was 42%, and no grafts have thus far survived longer than 3 years. Graft survival was shorter in older @entity0 ( @entity5 .226; P < 0.05), and no other predictor of long-term outcome was identified. @entity0 survival at 3 years was 88%. Serious @entity3 occurred in 33% of @entity0 , with two deaths. Our experience suggests that treatment with OKT3 is unlikely to reverse acute renal allograft rejection in more than half of @entity0 where rejection is resistant to @entity2 . Although long-term graft survival occurred in a few cases, the overall long-term outcome was disappointing, particularly in older @entity0 . Finally, our analysis indicates the difficulty of predicting which @entity0 will derive long-term benefit when OKT3 is used to treat @entity1 -resistant rejection.

title: Long-term outcome of the use of OKT3 to treat XXXX -resistant acute renal allograft rejection.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The mechanism of @entity0 neutrophil clearance of peptidoglycan group A-specific polysaccharide polymers derived from streptococcal cell walls (PG- @entity4 ) was investigated by high voltage immunoelectron microscopy (HVEM) in order to determine how neutrophils process this highly inflammatory bacterial debris. Neutrophil monolayers were incubated from 5-30 min with serum-opsonized PG- @entity4 . Cells were lightly fixed with 0.5% @entity2 , and the PG- @entity4 was localized on the neutrophil surface by immunogold using antibodies to @entity3 and 15 nm colloidal gold coupled to goat anti-rabbit IgG. Neutrophils were viewed unsectioned by stereo HVEM. Patches of PG- @entity4 were distributed randomly on the plasmalemma of well-spread neutrophils within 5 min. In polarized cells, PG- @entity4 was densely localized on the uropod and retraction fibers. Within 15 min, PG- @entity4 was predominantly concentrated into a large aggregate, measuring approximately 1 micron in diameter, near the cell margin or nucleus. The aggregate of PG- @entity4 was engulfed in the vicinity of the indentation of the nucleus (hof). Intact microfilaments were required for aggregation and internalization of PG- @entity4 . Binding of PG- @entity4 was dependent upon complement fixation. Furthermore, PG- @entity4 elicited an increase in density of complement receptor type 3 (CR3, C3bi receptor) on the neutrophil surface as determined by morphometry of immunogold labeled anti-CR3. When cells were stained for both PG- @entity4 and CR3, co-localization was observed, and stereomicroscopy revealed clusters of CR3 in areas associated with phagocytosis. These data suggest that neutrophils use an efficient mechanism for @entity1 . Unlike whole streptococci which are phagocytosed at multiple sites, these bacterial cell walls are first collected into a large aggregate, or cap, which is then internalized at one site.

title: High voltage immunoelectron microscopy of complement receptor type 3-mediated capping and internalization of group A streptococcal cell walls by XXXX neutrophils.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 is a rare disease characterized by @entity7 and soft-tissue @entity5 . Additionally, @entity1 including @entity4 have been described in these @entity0 . The underlying genetic etiology lies in somatic mosaicism of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 ( @entity3 ) or isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 ( @entity9 ). This report describes a @entity0 with @entity7 who presented with @entity1 of the skull base and suprasellar region. The @entity0 underwent resection of both @entity1 , revealing histopathological diagnoses of @entity2 and @entity4 . DNA sequencing of the @entity1 was performed to identify common @entity8 mutations. Clinical, radiological, and biochemical assessments were performed. Genotypic studies used standard Sanger sequencing in conjunction with a target-specific peptide nucleic acid to detect @entity3 mutations in @entity1 tissues. DNA sequencing demonstrated identical @entity3 mutations ( @entity10 ) in both @entity1 . To the authors' knowledge, this report provides the first genetic evidence for the inclusion of @entity4 among @entity1 characterizing @entity7 . In @entity0 who are newly diagnosed with @entity7 , it is appropriate to monitor for development of @entity6 .

title: Somatic @entity3 mutation in a @entity4 of a @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 is a rare disease characterized by @entity7 and soft-tissue @entity5 . Additionally, @entity1 including @entity4 have been described in these @entity0 . The underlying genetic etiology lies in somatic mosaicism of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 ( @entity3 ) or isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 ( @entity9 ). This report describes a @entity0 with @entity7 who presented with @entity1 of the skull base and suprasellar region. The @entity0 underwent resection of both @entity1 , revealing histopathological diagnoses of @entity2 and @entity4 . DNA sequencing of the @entity1 was performed to identify common @entity8 mutations. Clinical, radiological, and biochemical assessments were performed. Genotypic studies used standard Sanger sequencing in conjunction with a target-specific peptide nucleic acid to detect @entity3 mutations in @entity1 tissues. DNA sequencing demonstrated identical @entity3 mutations ( @entity10 ) in both @entity1 . To the authors' knowledge, this report provides the first genetic evidence for the inclusion of @entity4 among @entity1 characterizing @entity7 . In @entity0 who are newly diagnosed with @entity7 , it is appropriate to monitor for development of @entity6 .

title: Somatic @entity3 mutation in a XXXX of a @entity0 with @entity7 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 is a rare disease characterized by @entity7 and soft-tissue @entity5 . Additionally, @entity1 including @entity4 have been described in these @entity0 . The underlying genetic etiology lies in somatic mosaicism of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 ( @entity3 ) or isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 ( @entity9 ). This report describes a @entity0 with @entity7 who presented with @entity1 of the skull base and suprasellar region. The @entity0 underwent resection of both @entity1 , revealing histopathological diagnoses of @entity2 and @entity4 . DNA sequencing of the @entity1 was performed to identify common @entity8 mutations. Clinical, radiological, and biochemical assessments were performed. Genotypic studies used standard Sanger sequencing in conjunction with a target-specific peptide nucleic acid to detect @entity3 mutations in @entity1 tissues. DNA sequencing demonstrated identical @entity3 mutations ( @entity10 ) in both @entity1 . To the authors' knowledge, this report provides the first genetic evidence for the inclusion of @entity4 among @entity1 characterizing @entity7 . In @entity0 who are newly diagnosed with @entity7 , it is appropriate to monitor for development of @entity6 .

title: Somatic XXXX mutation in a @entity4 of a @entity0 with @entity7 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 is a rare disease characterized by @entity7 and soft-tissue @entity5 . Additionally, @entity1 including @entity4 have been described in these @entity0 . The underlying genetic etiology lies in somatic mosaicism of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 ( @entity3 ) or isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 ( @entity9 ). This report describes a @entity0 with @entity7 who presented with @entity1 of the skull base and suprasellar region. The @entity0 underwent resection of both @entity1 , revealing histopathological diagnoses of @entity2 and @entity4 . DNA sequencing of the @entity1 was performed to identify common @entity8 mutations. Clinical, radiological, and biochemical assessments were performed. Genotypic studies used standard Sanger sequencing in conjunction with a target-specific peptide nucleic acid to detect @entity3 mutations in @entity1 tissues. DNA sequencing demonstrated identical @entity3 mutations ( @entity10 ) in both @entity1 . To the authors' knowledge, this report provides the first genetic evidence for the inclusion of @entity4 among @entity1 characterizing @entity7 . In @entity0 who are newly diagnosed with @entity7 , it is appropriate to monitor for development of @entity6 .

title: Somatic @entity3 mutation in a @entity4 of a XXXX with @entity7 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 (Taxotere) is prepared from a noncytotoxic precursor extracted from the needles of the Taxus baccata. Preclinical investigations have demonstrated that @entity8 is very active in @entity6 @entity3 models. Phase I studies revealed @entity10 to be the dose-limiting @entity5 . Initial clinical trials also demonstrated @entity8 's activity in ovarian, breast, and @entity7 . Because of this encouraging preclinical and clinical activity, we initiated a phase II study of @entity8 in @entity0 with metastatic @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity8 , 100 mg/m2, was administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion every 21 days. Nineteen @entity0 were entered on the trial. All @entity0 had measurable disease and had not received prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. RESULTS: No complete or partial responses were observed. @entity10 was the dose-limiting toxic effect. Seventeen @entity0 had grade 4 @entity10 ; 8 of these patients received antibiotics for @entity9 fevers. Twelve @entity0 experienced @entity4 , and 15 @entity0 experienced cutaneous toxic reactions. One @entity0 demonstrated evidence of fluid retention. CONCLUSIONS: Administered at the stated dose and schedule, @entity8 has little activity against metastatic @entity2 . The @entity5 profile, consisting of @entity10 , @entity4 , cutaneous reactions, and @entity1 , has been previously described in @entity0 receiving @entity8 .

title: Phase II trial of @entity8 (Taxotere) in metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 (Taxotere) is prepared from a noncytotoxic precursor extracted from the needles of the Taxus baccata. Preclinical investigations have demonstrated that @entity8 is very active in @entity6 @entity3 models. Phase I studies revealed @entity10 to be the dose-limiting @entity5 . Initial clinical trials also demonstrated @entity8 's activity in ovarian, breast, and @entity7 . Because of this encouraging preclinical and clinical activity, we initiated a phase II study of @entity8 in @entity0 with metastatic @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity8 , 100 mg/m2, was administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion every 21 days. Nineteen @entity0 were entered on the trial. All @entity0 had measurable disease and had not received prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. RESULTS: No complete or partial responses were observed. @entity10 was the dose-limiting toxic effect. Seventeen @entity0 had grade 4 @entity10 ; 8 of these patients received antibiotics for @entity9 fevers. Twelve @entity0 experienced @entity4 , and 15 @entity0 experienced cutaneous toxic reactions. One @entity0 demonstrated evidence of fluid retention. CONCLUSIONS: Administered at the stated dose and schedule, @entity8 has little activity against metastatic @entity2 . The @entity5 profile, consisting of @entity10 , @entity4 , cutaneous reactions, and @entity1 , has been previously described in @entity0 receiving @entity8 .

title: Phase II trial of XXXX (Taxotere) in metastatic @entity2 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are @entity1 characterized by the presence of a modified, partially proteinase-resistant host protein, @entity6 , which accumulates in the brains of infected individuals. Recently it has been reported that @entity4 ( @entity5 ) treatment of hamsters infected with scrapie strain 263K prolongs the incubation period of the disease, and dissociates in vivo replication of the scrapie agent from @entity6 accumulation. We report here on data obtained after treatment with @entity5 and one of its derivatives, @entity7 , in experimental scrapie of @entity0 and hamster. Treatment was carried out by the intraperitoneal route 6 days per week, at three different dosages initiated at the time of @entity2 . Two regimens were used: during the early time of @entity2 or throughout the experimental @entity2 . Results indicate that @entity7 was as efficient as @entity5 in prolonging the incubation time and decreasing @entity6 accumulation in the hamster scrapie model. A dose-dependent response was observed in @entity0 treated early after experimental @entity2 . At a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, @entity7 significantly prolonged the incubation period (by 11.9%). In long-term treatment of @entity0 , @entity7 and @entity5 markedly reduced @entity6 levels in the preclinical stage of the disease. These data demonstrate that the effect of @entity5 is not restricted to one model (hamster-263K). This regimen leads to an inversion of the @entity6 to proteinase-sensitive protein (PrPSens) ratio, suggesting PrPSens (presumably cellular @entity6 ) accumulation occurs before its conversion into @entity6 . As it has been shown that @entity5 does not modify the infectivity titre, we conclude that the drugs could act by inhibiting either the interaction of the scrapie agent with PrPSens during the early times of @entity2 or the conversion of PrPSens into @entity6 .

title: Pharmacological studies of a new derivative of @entity4 , XXXX , in @entity0 and hamster scrapie.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are @entity1 characterized by the presence of a modified, partially proteinase-resistant host protein, @entity6 , which accumulates in the brains of infected individuals. Recently it has been reported that @entity4 ( @entity5 ) treatment of hamsters infected with scrapie strain 263K prolongs the incubation period of the disease, and dissociates in vivo replication of the scrapie agent from @entity6 accumulation. We report here on data obtained after treatment with @entity5 and one of its derivatives, @entity7 , in experimental scrapie of @entity0 and hamster. Treatment was carried out by the intraperitoneal route 6 days per week, at three different dosages initiated at the time of @entity2 . Two regimens were used: during the early time of @entity2 or throughout the experimental @entity2 . Results indicate that @entity7 was as efficient as @entity5 in prolonging the incubation time and decreasing @entity6 accumulation in the hamster scrapie model. A dose-dependent response was observed in @entity0 treated early after experimental @entity2 . At a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, @entity7 significantly prolonged the incubation period (by 11.9%). In long-term treatment of @entity0 , @entity7 and @entity5 markedly reduced @entity6 levels in the preclinical stage of the disease. These data demonstrate that the effect of @entity5 is not restricted to one model (hamster-263K). This regimen leads to an inversion of the @entity6 to proteinase-sensitive protein (PrPSens) ratio, suggesting PrPSens (presumably cellular @entity6 ) accumulation occurs before its conversion into @entity6 . As it has been shown that @entity5 does not modify the infectivity titre, we conclude that the drugs could act by inhibiting either the interaction of the scrapie agent with PrPSens during the early times of @entity2 or the conversion of PrPSens into @entity6 .

title: Pharmacological studies of a new derivative of XXXX , @entity7 , in @entity0 and hamster scrapie.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are @entity1 characterized by the presence of a modified, partially proteinase-resistant host protein, @entity6 , which accumulates in the brains of infected individuals. Recently it has been reported that @entity4 ( @entity5 ) treatment of hamsters infected with scrapie strain 263K prolongs the incubation period of the disease, and dissociates in vivo replication of the scrapie agent from @entity6 accumulation. We report here on data obtained after treatment with @entity5 and one of its derivatives, @entity7 , in experimental scrapie of @entity0 and hamster. Treatment was carried out by the intraperitoneal route 6 days per week, at three different dosages initiated at the time of @entity2 . Two regimens were used: during the early time of @entity2 or throughout the experimental @entity2 . Results indicate that @entity7 was as efficient as @entity5 in prolonging the incubation time and decreasing @entity6 accumulation in the hamster scrapie model. A dose-dependent response was observed in @entity0 treated early after experimental @entity2 . At a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, @entity7 significantly prolonged the incubation period (by 11.9%). In long-term treatment of @entity0 , @entity7 and @entity5 markedly reduced @entity6 levels in the preclinical stage of the disease. These data demonstrate that the effect of @entity5 is not restricted to one model (hamster-263K). This regimen leads to an inversion of the @entity6 to proteinase-sensitive protein (PrPSens) ratio, suggesting PrPSens (presumably cellular @entity6 ) accumulation occurs before its conversion into @entity6 . As it has been shown that @entity5 does not modify the infectivity titre, we conclude that the drugs could act by inhibiting either the interaction of the scrapie agent with PrPSens during the early times of @entity2 or the conversion of PrPSens into @entity6 .

title: Pharmacological studies of a new derivative of @entity4 , @entity7 , in XXXX and hamster scrapie.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Bumble @entity0 (Bombus) are the primary pollinators of tomatoes grown in greenhouses and can significantly increase fruit weight compared with tomatoes that receive no supplemental pollination. More than a million colonies are sold worldwide annually to meet pollination needs. Due to mounting concerns over the transportation of bumble @entity0 outside of their native ranges, several species native to western North American are currently being investigated as potential commercial pollinators. Here, two western, Bombus huntii Greene and Bombus vosnesenskii Radoszkowski, and one eastern species, @entity1 Cresson, are compared for their efficacy as pollinators of greenhouse-grown tomatoes. In two experiments, colonies were placed in greenhouses and compared with control plants that received no supplemental pollination. In the first experiment, seed set was significantly increased with B. huntii pollination in one variety of cherry tomatoes. In the second experiment comparing all three bumble @entity0 species, fruit weight was an average of 25.2   g heavier per fruit pollinated by @entity0 versus the control, and the number of days to harvest was 2.9   d shorter for @entity0 -pollinated fruit. In some rounds of pollination, differences were found among bumble @entity0 species, but these were inconsistent across replicates and not statistically significant overall. Additionally, fruit weight was shown to be highly correlated to fruit diameter and seed set in all tests and, thus, is shown to be a reliable metric for assessing pollination in future studies. These results suggest that commercialization of western bumble @entity0 is a viable alternative to the current practices of moving of nonnative @entity0 into western North America to pollinate tomatoes.

title: Bombus huntii, XXXX , and Bombus vosnesenskii (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Pollinate Greenhouse-Grown Tomatoes in Western North America.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The induction mechanism of @entity4 70 ( @entity7 ) gene by @entity9 was investigated. In @entity0 amniotic WISH cells, @entity7 was induced by @entity9 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. @entity9 -induced @entity7 mRNA levels were enhanced 3- to 4-fold after depletion of intracellular @entity5 ( @entity6 ) by either @entity11 or @entity8 . Under these conditions, @entity3 might increase in the absence of substrate for @entity5 peroxidase. We found that exogenous @entity3 alone induced @entity7 which was further enhanced significantly after @entity6 -depletion by diethylmaleate. On the other hand, treatment of cells by @entity10 , an inhibitor of @entity2 dismutase, induced @entity7 2-fold over the level of control. This induction was further stimulated by @entity9 even in the presence of @entity6 . Furthermore, a 4-fold increase of intracellular @entity6 by the treatment of cells with @entity12 did not diminish the @entity9 -induced @entity7 . Gel mobility shift assays of nuclear extracts, from these differently treated cells, with oligonucleotide containing a promoter region of @entity7 gene revealed that the levels of @entity7 mRNA observed in the present study corresponded to the changes of transcription. These results imply that the induction of @entity7 mRNA by @entity9 is mediated at least partly via reactive @entity1 species and attenuated by cellular @entity6 and that some part of @entity9 -induced @entity7 can not be eliminated by @entity6 , suggesting that multiple signals are functioning for this induction.

title: Induction of @entity4 70 mRNA by XXXX is mediated by @entity5 suppressive and non-suppressive triggers.

answer: @entity9


abstract: The induction mechanism of @entity4 70 ( @entity7 ) gene by @entity9 was investigated. In @entity0 amniotic WISH cells, @entity7 was induced by @entity9 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. @entity9 -induced @entity7 mRNA levels were enhanced 3- to 4-fold after depletion of intracellular @entity5 ( @entity6 ) by either @entity11 or @entity8 . Under these conditions, @entity3 might increase in the absence of substrate for @entity5 peroxidase. We found that exogenous @entity3 alone induced @entity7 which was further enhanced significantly after @entity6 -depletion by diethylmaleate. On the other hand, treatment of cells by @entity10 , an inhibitor of @entity2 dismutase, induced @entity7 2-fold over the level of control. This induction was further stimulated by @entity9 even in the presence of @entity6 . Furthermore, a 4-fold increase of intracellular @entity6 by the treatment of cells with @entity12 did not diminish the @entity9 -induced @entity7 . Gel mobility shift assays of nuclear extracts, from these differently treated cells, with oligonucleotide containing a promoter region of @entity7 gene revealed that the levels of @entity7 mRNA observed in the present study corresponded to the changes of transcription. These results imply that the induction of @entity7 mRNA by @entity9 is mediated at least partly via reactive @entity1 species and attenuated by cellular @entity6 and that some part of @entity9 -induced @entity7 can not be eliminated by @entity6 , suggesting that multiple signals are functioning for this induction.

title: Induction of @entity4 70 mRNA by @entity9 is mediated by XXXX suppressive and non-suppressive triggers.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The induction mechanism of @entity4 70 ( @entity7 ) gene by @entity9 was investigated. In @entity0 amniotic WISH cells, @entity7 was induced by @entity9 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. @entity9 -induced @entity7 mRNA levels were enhanced 3- to 4-fold after depletion of intracellular @entity5 ( @entity6 ) by either @entity11 or @entity8 . Under these conditions, @entity3 might increase in the absence of substrate for @entity5 peroxidase. We found that exogenous @entity3 alone induced @entity7 which was further enhanced significantly after @entity6 -depletion by diethylmaleate. On the other hand, treatment of cells by @entity10 , an inhibitor of @entity2 dismutase, induced @entity7 2-fold over the level of control. This induction was further stimulated by @entity9 even in the presence of @entity6 . Furthermore, a 4-fold increase of intracellular @entity6 by the treatment of cells with @entity12 did not diminish the @entity9 -induced @entity7 . Gel mobility shift assays of nuclear extracts, from these differently treated cells, with oligonucleotide containing a promoter region of @entity7 gene revealed that the levels of @entity7 mRNA observed in the present study corresponded to the changes of transcription. These results imply that the induction of @entity7 mRNA by @entity9 is mediated at least partly via reactive @entity1 species and attenuated by cellular @entity6 and that some part of @entity9 -induced @entity7 can not be eliminated by @entity6 , suggesting that multiple signals are functioning for this induction.

title: Induction of XXXX 70 mRNA by @entity9 is mediated by @entity5 suppressive and non-suppressive triggers.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a staged treatment strategy is acceptable for @entity0 with @entity1 . BACKGROUND: Synchronous occurrence of esophageal and @entity2 is frequently observed. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 109 @entity0 with @entity1 of the esophagus and H_N treated between 2005 and 2011. Fifty-one @entity0 underwent synchronous treatment and 58 underwent staged treatment. We measured the delay in treatment for the second @entity1 in the staged treatment group and evaluated how many @entity0 experienced progression of the second @entity1 during the first @entity1 treatment. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was analyzed in 100 @entity0 who underwent potentially curative treatment. RESULTS: Synchronous treatment strategy was frequently selected for @entity0 with both advanced @entity1 (77  %) compared with those who had @entity1 in either or both organs (43  %) (P  =  0.02). The median delay in the treatment for the second @entity1 was 80  days; 77.5  days in the H_N-first group and 96  days in the esophagus-first group. Only one @entity0 experienced stage progression during the waiting period. There was no significant difference in @entity3 between the synchronous treatment group and the staged treatment group (P  =  0.73), and no significant difference in @entity3 among @entity0 who had @entity1 in the H_N, esophagus, or both. CONCLUSIONS: Prognosis of @entity0 with @entity1 depends on that of the more @entity1 , and waiting for treatment of @entity1 may not influence survival. The staged treatment strategy is acceptable when either of the double @entity1 is at an early stage.

title: Efficacy of Staged Treatment Strategy for XXXX with Synchronous Double Cancers of the Esophagus and Head and Neck: A Retrospective Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent policy changes by insurance companies have been instituted to encourage @entity4 ( @entity4 ) as the preferred route for removal of the uterus. It is not known if advantages of @entity4 for benign indications apply to @entity0 with @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess trends in surgical approach to hysterectomy among @entity1 @entity0 and to evaluate outcomes by approach. We hypothesized that, among gynecologic oncology @entity0 , @entity3 and hospital stay would differ by surgical approach, and that advantages of @entity4 for benign indications may not apply to @entity1 @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study of cervical, endometrial, or @entity2 @entity0 treated surgically in Washington State from 2004 through 2013 using the Comprehensive Hospital Abstract Reporting System. Surgery was categorized as @entity5 ( @entity5 ), laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH), or @entity4 . We determined rate of surgical approach by year and the association with length of stay, 30-day readmission rate, and perioperative complications. RESULTS: We identified 10,117 @entity0 who underwent surgery for @entity1 , with 346 (3.4%) @entity4 , 2698 (26.7%) LH, and 7073 (69.9%) @entity5 . @entity0 undergoing @entity5 had more comorbidities than @entity0 with @entity4 or LH (Charlson Comorbidity Index >= 2: 11.3%, 7.9%, and 8.1%, respectively; P < .001). From 2004 through 2013 @entity5 and @entity4 declined (94.4-47.9% and 4.4-0.8%, respectively; P < .001) while LH increased from 1.2-51.4% in 2013 (P < .001). Mean length of stay was 4.6 days for @entity0 undergoing @entity5 and was 1.9 days shorter for @entity4 (95% confidence interval, 1.6-2.3 days) and 2.6 days shorter for LH (95% confidence interval, 2.4-2.7 days) (P < .001). Risk of 30-day readmission for @entity0 undergoing LH was 40% less likely compared to @entity5 but not different for @entity4 vs @entity5 . CONCLUSION: @entity5 and LH remain the preferred routes for hysterectomy in gynecologic oncology. Over the past decade, there has been a significant shift to LH with lower 30-day readmission and complication rates. There may be a limited role for @entity4 in select @entity0 . Current efforts to standardize the surgical approach to hysterectomy should not apply to @entity0 with known or suspected @entity1 .

title: Route of hysterectomy and surgical outcomes from a statewide gynecologic oncology population: is there a role for XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Scabies is a common @entity6 of the skin caused by Sarcoptes scabiei hominis. This infestation occurs in all geographic areas and across all age groups, races, and social classes. Poor economic conditions and lack of proper hygiene are risk factors for the disease. @entity7 is characterized by numerous relapsing @entity2 on normal or mildly erythematous skin. The pustular eruption typically involves the flexural sites of the trunk and proximal extremities with @entity1 and irritation symptoms. The pustules are superficial and @entity4 easily, resulting in a superficial crust, and they form annular, circinate, or serpiginous patterns. Here we reported a case of @entity5 incognito in an elderly @entity0 that presented as @entity7 . We assumed that this case could be reported because it is an unusual event among the general population. In conclusion, the differential diagnoses of @entity3 should be considered when diagnosing @entity5 . Thus, unnecessary therapy and contamination among @entity0 can be prevented.

title: Scabies Incognito Presenting as a XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The importance of the cumulative dose of @entity2 with respect to relapse of @entity1 remains controversial. Although guidelines recommend 0.5-1.0 mg/kg/d to a minimum cumulative dose of 120 mg/kg, there has been a trend toward the use of lower daily dosages with no reference to cumulative dose. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the influence of daily and cumulative dosage on relapse in acne. METHODS: Charts of @entity0 with acne treated with @entity2 were reviewed. Demographic details and daily cumulative doses and duration were compared between @entity0 who received one course and two or more courses, respectively. RESULTS: Of 1453 @entity0 , 326 (22.4%) received a second course of treatment (study population). The remainder served as controls (n = 1127). Dosage varied from 10 mg/week to 1.1 mg/kg/d, cumulative dosage from 1 to >300 mg/kg, and duration of treatment from 8 weeks to 5 years. Compared with controls, @entity0 who received a second course were more likely to be @entity0 (61 vs. 47%; P < 0.001) and received higher daily (0.71 vs. 0.58 mg/kg/d; P < 0.001) and cumulative (126 vs. 101 mg/kg; P < 0.001) doses. @entity0 treated with very low doses (e.g. 10 mg three times per week) and/or low cumulative doses (e.g. 25-50 mg/kg) did not relapse more often than controls. CONCLUSIONS: Neither daily nor cumulative dosages influenced relapse of @entity1 in @entity0 treated with varying doses of @entity2 as long as treatment was continued for >= 2 months after the acne had completely resolved.

title: Making sense of the effects of the cumulative dose of XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The importance of the cumulative dose of @entity2 with respect to relapse of @entity1 remains controversial. Although guidelines recommend 0.5-1.0 mg/kg/d to a minimum cumulative dose of 120 mg/kg, there has been a trend toward the use of lower daily dosages with no reference to cumulative dose. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the influence of daily and cumulative dosage on relapse in acne. METHODS: Charts of @entity0 with acne treated with @entity2 were reviewed. Demographic details and daily cumulative doses and duration were compared between @entity0 who received one course and two or more courses, respectively. RESULTS: Of 1453 @entity0 , 326 (22.4%) received a second course of treatment (study population). The remainder served as controls (n = 1127). Dosage varied from 10 mg/week to 1.1 mg/kg/d, cumulative dosage from 1 to >300 mg/kg, and duration of treatment from 8 weeks to 5 years. Compared with controls, @entity0 who received a second course were more likely to be @entity0 (61 vs. 47%; P < 0.001) and received higher daily (0.71 vs. 0.58 mg/kg/d; P < 0.001) and cumulative (126 vs. 101 mg/kg; P < 0.001) doses. @entity0 treated with very low doses (e.g. 10 mg three times per week) and/or low cumulative doses (e.g. 25-50 mg/kg) did not relapse more often than controls. CONCLUSIONS: Neither daily nor cumulative dosages influenced relapse of @entity1 in @entity0 treated with varying doses of @entity2 as long as treatment was continued for >= 2 months after the acne had completely resolved.

title: Making sense of the effects of the cumulative dose of @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The proportion of US couples who were surgically sterile rose from 16% in 1965 to 28% in 1976, according to estimates derived from national fertility surveys carried out in those years. However, surgical sterilization for contraceptive reasons more than doubled--from 8% to 19%--leaving the proportions sterilized for noncontraceptive reasons virtually unchanged over the 11 years. The overall increase was greatest among white couples, couples in which the wife was aged 30-44, and those with 3 or more @entity0 . In 1976 1/2 of all couples with 3 or more @entity0 , @entity2 of those with 2, were surgically sterile. In 1976, about 2.8 million couples--some 10% of those in which wives were aged 15-44--were classified as infertile. @entity1 was higher among blacks than whites in both survey years, and the largest increase in @entity1 occurred among black couples where the wife was aged 20-24. In almost every race, age and parity group surveyed, the proportion fecund declined considerably between the 2 years, mostly as a result of concomitant increases in surgical sterility. In 1965, 73% of all US couples were capable of childbearing; by 1976, this proportion had dropped to 62%. In 1976, only 42% of couples in which the wife was aged 35-39 and 74% in which the wife was aged 25-29 were capable of conceiving a @entity0 . Moreover, only 62% of couples with 2 @entity0 were classified as fecund in 1976--a decline of 15 percentage points in 11 years.

title: XXXX trends among U.S. couples: 1965-1976.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A @entity0 @entity1 @entity5 subline with acquired resistance to @entity8 (VCR), a chemotherapeutic agent, was established with incremental increases of the drug. The resistant @entity5 subline ( @entity5 /VCR) shows a 12-fold increase in resistance to VCR and a unique cross-resistance pattern: high cross-resistance to the potent VCR analogue @entity10 (6.9-fold) and @entity12 (2.5-fold); lower cross-resistance to @entity11 (1.8-fold), @entity6 (1.2-fold) and @entity4 (1.3-fold) and a sensitivity to melphalan and @entity9 which is similar to that of the parental cell line. A reduced accumulation of VCR in the resistant cells was demonstrated. Interestingly, the VCR resistance of the @entity5 /VCR cell line was partially reversed by @entity3 , and the drug uptake was enhanced. In contrast, @entity3 had no effect on drug tolerance and drug accumulation was not observed in either @entity5 parental cells or known multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells, suggesting that VCR resistance in @entity5 /VCR cells results essentially from reduced drug accumulation. It is worth noting that, whereas reduced drug accumulation in the @entity5 /VCR cells was susceptible to modulation by @entity3 , the increased efflux rate characteristic of the resistant cells was not. Further, there was a higher efflux rate in resistant cells than in parental cells. DNA Southern- and RNA Northern-blot hybridization analyses indicate that @entity5 /VCR cells do not contain amplified mdr genes or overexpress P-glycoprotein. In addition, the @entity2 -channel blocker @entity7 , which acts as a competitive inhibitor of drug binding and efflux, did not affect the resistant phenotype of @entity5 /VCR cells. These findings suggest an @entity3 -sensitive drug uptake mechanism which is important in mediating VCR resistance per se in @entity0 @entity1 cells; this differs from the P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR mechanism.

title: @entity3 increases drug accumulation and reverses @entity8 resistance of @entity0 non-small-cell XXXX cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A @entity0 @entity1 @entity5 subline with acquired resistance to @entity8 (VCR), a chemotherapeutic agent, was established with incremental increases of the drug. The resistant @entity5 subline ( @entity5 /VCR) shows a 12-fold increase in resistance to VCR and a unique cross-resistance pattern: high cross-resistance to the potent VCR analogue @entity10 (6.9-fold) and @entity12 (2.5-fold); lower cross-resistance to @entity11 (1.8-fold), @entity6 (1.2-fold) and @entity4 (1.3-fold) and a sensitivity to melphalan and @entity9 which is similar to that of the parental cell line. A reduced accumulation of VCR in the resistant cells was demonstrated. Interestingly, the VCR resistance of the @entity5 /VCR cell line was partially reversed by @entity3 , and the drug uptake was enhanced. In contrast, @entity3 had no effect on drug tolerance and drug accumulation was not observed in either @entity5 parental cells or known multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells, suggesting that VCR resistance in @entity5 /VCR cells results essentially from reduced drug accumulation. It is worth noting that, whereas reduced drug accumulation in the @entity5 /VCR cells was susceptible to modulation by @entity3 , the increased efflux rate characteristic of the resistant cells was not. Further, there was a higher efflux rate in resistant cells than in parental cells. DNA Southern- and RNA Northern-blot hybridization analyses indicate that @entity5 /VCR cells do not contain amplified mdr genes or overexpress P-glycoprotein. In addition, the @entity2 -channel blocker @entity7 , which acts as a competitive inhibitor of drug binding and efflux, did not affect the resistant phenotype of @entity5 /VCR cells. These findings suggest an @entity3 -sensitive drug uptake mechanism which is important in mediating VCR resistance per se in @entity0 @entity1 cells; this differs from the P-glycoprotein-mediated MDR mechanism.

title: XXXX increases drug accumulation and reverses @entity8 resistance of @entity0 non-small-cell @entity1 cells.

answer: @entity3