abstract: Between October 1981 and December 2000, 46 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the Nagoya Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group. The median age was 28.5 years (range, 4-51 years). All but one @entity0 achieved engraftment. Grade II-to-IV @entity3 ( @entity3 ) developed in 32.5% of @entity0 , and chronic @entity3 developed in 40.5%. The incidences of relapse and treatment-related mortality (TRM) at 5 years were 65% and 26%, respectively. The estimated overall survival rate at 5 years was 23%. Univariate analysis showed that improved @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was independently associated with complete remission (CR) at transplantation (39%), compared with non-CR (8%) (P = .023). Non-CR at transplantation was associated with a higher risk of relapse. Donor type, acute @entity3 , and time from diagnosis to HSCT all had a significant effect on TRM. In a multivariate analysis, 9 months or more from diagnosis to HSCT was the only variable statistically significant for @entity1 (relative risk, 3.22; P = .01). This study demonstrates that allogeneic HSCT cures a significant population of @entity0 with @entity2 . Relapse is the major obstacle limiting the success of HSCT. Early transplantation during CR from donors, including unrelated @entity0 or mismatched relatives, may offer improved long-term @entity1 .

title: Twenty years' experience in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for XXXX in the Nagoya Blood and Marrow Transplantation Group.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: This study investigated the immediate effects of audible joint sounds following a supine T3-T4 spinal thrust manipulation on the autonomic nervous system activity using a fully automated pupillometry system in @entity0 with @entity2 . An additional aim was to determine if audible sounds as perceived by the therapist were associated with the reduction of @entity1 following manipulation. METHODS: One hundred subjects with @entity2 completed the study protocol. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the change scores of the 3 measuring points between the one-pop and multiple-pop groups. Subjects were randomized into either a manipulation or a mobilization group. A method of automated pupillometry was used in this study to capture pupil responsiveness. RESULTS: The analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > .05). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the median change scores between the mobilization, no-pop, and pop groups. The analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of change in pupil diameter between the 3 groups (P > .05).The Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated that the no-pop group (P = .031) and the multiple-pop group (P = .014) had a significant reduction of @entity1 ; however, it did not reach the minimal clinically significant level of 13 mm on the visual analog scale. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provided evidence that the presence of joint sounds does not influence the overall activity of the autonomic nervous system following a thrust manipulation or contribute to the reduction of @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Immediate effects of the audible pop from a thoracic spine thrust manipulation on the autonomic nervous system and XXXX : a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is still unknown whether or not the additional right precordial leads (RPL) during exercise testing contribute to detection of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the RPL during exercise testing for the detection of @entity2 . METHODS: The study included 157 consecutive @entity0 (116 @entity0 and 41 @entity0 , mean age 66 years) suspected of having @entity2 , who underwent conclusive treadmill exercise testing (heart rate reached at least 85% of the predicted maximum or positive electrocardiogram [ECG] changes were exhibited) and coronary angiography. During exercise testing, the ECG was recorded with the standard 12 leads and 4 RPL ( @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity6 ). RESULTS: Of the 157 @entity0 , 67 had @entity2 (> 75% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery), and 64 had positive ST changes in the standard ECG leads during exercise testing. Using the conventional 12-lead method, sensitivity and specificity were 76 and 86%, respectively. Only three @entity0 exhibited positive changes in the RPL leads; all had > 0.1 mV ST elevation in one of the RPL leads with > 0.1 mV ST elevation in aVR. Two of these @entity0 had significant right coronary artery lesions and the other had a lesion of the left anterior descending artery which perfused the inferior as well as the anteroseptal area. In the standard 12 leads, one of the @entity0 with an abnormal RPL and a right coronary lesion was negative, while the other two @entity0 were positive. Combining RPL with the conventional 12-lead method, sensitivity and specificity were 78 and 86%, respectively. Therefore, RPL did not improve the accuracy of the exercise ECG. CONCLUSION: The use of RPL during exercise testing may contribute to the detection of @entity1 perfused by the right coronary artery; however, it does not improve the diagnostic accuracy of the exercise test.

title: Do the right precordial leads during exercise testing contribute to detection of XXXX ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: Some members of the ribonuclease superfamily, such as Onconase, are cytotoxic to @entity1 cells. This is not the case for @entity0 @entity4 . This lack of @entity2 is probably a result of the inhibition exerted by the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor once the protein has reached the cytosol. Until now, all cytotoxic @entity0 @entity4 variants have been described as being resistant to the inhibitor. Here, we report on the characterization of a cytotoxic variant of @entity0 @entity4 which has an @entity3 triplet introduced onto one of its surface-exposed loops. Despite its sensitivity to the inhibitor, this variant, called PE5, was only 5-15 times less cytotoxic than Onconase. When it was taken up by cells, it was only observed within late compartments of the endocytic pathway, probably because the number of molecules transported to the cytosol was too small to allow their visualization. Nuclear import assays showed that the @entity3 triplet endows PE5 with a nuclear localization signal. In these experiments, PE5 was efficiently transported to the nucleus where it was initially localized in the nucleolus. Although the @entity3 introduction modified the net charge of the protein and somehow impaired recognition by the cytosolic inhibitor, control variants, which had the same number of charges or were not recognized by the inhibitor, were not toxic. We concluded that targeting a ribonuclease to the nucleus results in @entity2 . This effect is probably due to ribonuclease interference with rRNA processing and ribosome assembly within the nucleolus.

title: A nuclear localization sequence endows @entity0 XXXX with cytotoxic activity.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Some members of the ribonuclease superfamily, such as Onconase, are cytotoxic to @entity1 cells. This is not the case for @entity0 @entity4 . This lack of @entity2 is probably a result of the inhibition exerted by the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor once the protein has reached the cytosol. Until now, all cytotoxic @entity0 @entity4 variants have been described as being resistant to the inhibitor. Here, we report on the characterization of a cytotoxic variant of @entity0 @entity4 which has an @entity3 triplet introduced onto one of its surface-exposed loops. Despite its sensitivity to the inhibitor, this variant, called PE5, was only 5-15 times less cytotoxic than Onconase. When it was taken up by cells, it was only observed within late compartments of the endocytic pathway, probably because the number of molecules transported to the cytosol was too small to allow their visualization. Nuclear import assays showed that the @entity3 triplet endows PE5 with a nuclear localization signal. In these experiments, PE5 was efficiently transported to the nucleus where it was initially localized in the nucleolus. Although the @entity3 introduction modified the net charge of the protein and somehow impaired recognition by the cytosolic inhibitor, control variants, which had the same number of charges or were not recognized by the inhibitor, were not toxic. We concluded that targeting a ribonuclease to the nucleus results in @entity2 . This effect is probably due to ribonuclease interference with rRNA processing and ribosome assembly within the nucleolus.

title: A nuclear localization sequence endows XXXX @entity4 with cytotoxic activity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Expressive emotional writing has demonstrated efficacy for improving health status in a wide variety of healthy @entity0 and recently in @entity0 with @entity1 . PURPOSE: This study was a randomized, controlled effectiveness trial with 4 arms: 2 active treatment writing groups, 1 inactive writing group, and 1 attention control group. It represents the first attempt to translate the expressive writing intervention into a low-cost, community-based intervention in the form of a videotaped program. METHODS: Feasibility of the approach and @entity0 adherence were examined in a community rheumatology practice with @entity2 @entity0 (N = 373). RESULTS: The videotape format was able to convey the intervention instructions accurately and produced the expected and differential ratings of stressfulness and emotional provocation across the 3 writing programs. Seventy-nine percent of eligible @entity0 agreed to take the program home; 49% of these @entity0 reported that they followed the protocol. Physician Disease Activity Rating and the Physical Component Summary of the SF36v2 Health Survey were assessed pre and post program. CONCLUSIONS: Intent-to-treat analyses found no effect of the treatment. Pretreatment differences among the protocol-adherent @entity0 complicated treatment outcome interpretation. The standard writing instructions did not yield an effect; a modified set of instructions to extract meaning from the traumatic event yielded equivocal results. Contrasts between efficacy and effectiveness trials and the challenge of achieving significant outcomes in effectiveness trials are discussed.

title: The feasibility and effectiveness of an expressive writing intervention for XXXX via home-based videotaped instructions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECT: With limited studies available, the correlation between the extent of resection and @entity1 recurrence in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has not been definitively established. In this prospective study, the authors evaluated 772 @entity0 who underwent microsurgical resection of @entity2 to analyze the association between total @entity1 resection and the @entity1 recurrence rate. METHODS: The authors selected all cases from a prospectively collected database of @entity0 who underwent microsurgical resection as their initial treatment for a histopathologically confirmed VS. Recurrence-free survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The authors studied the impact of possible confounders such as @entity0 age and @entity1 size using stepwise Cox regression to calculate the proportional hazard ratio of recurrence while controlling for other cofounding variables. RESULTS: The authors analyzed data obtained in 571, 89, and 112 @entity0 in whom gross-total, near-total, and subtotal resections, respectively, were performed. A gross-total resection was achieved in 74% of the @entity0 , and the overall recurrence rate in these @entity0 8.8%. There was no significant relation between the extent of resection and the rate of @entity1 recurrence (p = 0.58). As expected, the extent of resection was highly correlated with @entity0 age, @entity1 size, and surgical approach (p < 0.0001). Using Cox regression, the authors found that the approach used did not significantly affect @entity1 control when the extent of resection was controlled for. CONCLUSIONS: While complete @entity1 removal is ideal, the results presented here suggest that there is no significant relationship between the extent of resection and @entity1 recurrence.

title: Extent of resection and the long-term durability of XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has a complex, poorly characterized pathophysiology. Modeling of transcriptosome behavior in pathologic specimens using microarrays allows molecular dissection of complex @entity3 . However, conventional analyses rely on identifying statistically significant differences in gene expression distributions between @entity0 and controls. Since the principal aspects of disease pathophysiology vary significantly among @entity0 , these analyses are biased. Genes with highly variable expression, those most likely to regulate and affect pathologic processes, are excluded from selection, as their distribution among healthy and affected individuals may overlap significantly. Here we describe a novel method for analyzing microarray data that assesses statistically significant changes in gene behavior at the population level. This method was applied to expression profiles of peripheral blood leukocytes from a group of @entity0 with polyarticular @entity1 and healthy control subjects. Results from this method are compared with those from a conventional analysis of differential gene expression and shown to identify discrete subsets of functionally related genes relevant to disease pathophysiology. These results reveal the complex action of the innate and adaptive immune responses in @entity0 and specifically underscore the role of @entity2 in disease pathophysiology. Discriminant function analysis of data from a cohort of @entity0 treated with conventional therapy identified additional subsets of functionally related genes; the results may predict treatment outcomes. While data from only 9 @entity0 and 12 healthy controls was used, this preliminary investigation of the inflammatory genomics of @entity1 illustrates the significant potential of utilizing complementary sets of bioinformatics tools to maximize the clinical relevance of microarray data from @entity0 with @entity3 , even in small cohorts.

title: Novel approaches to gene expression analysis of active XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early recurrences (ERs) within 1 month after paroxysmal @entity1 ( @entity1 ) ablation are common and may subside in a considerable proportion of @entity0 . Although late reablation after 3 months is recommended, the proper timing for reablation remains undetermined. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen (31.2%) from the pool of 375 @entity0 experienced ERs at 7.5    5.5 days postablation. They were allocated into two groups randomly: early reablation group (ERe+) (n = 57) and nonearly reablation group (ERe-) (n = 60). Forty @entity0 (70.2%) in ERe+ group underwent early reablation at 28.1    2.7 days postablation. Forty @entity0 (66.7%) in ERe- group underwent late reablation at 98.2    5.2 days postablation. The proportion of reablation was comparable (P = 0.68). ERs subsided in 17 (29.8%) in ERe+ group and in 20 (33.3%) in ERe- group. In ERe+ group, PV reconnection in 36 (80.0%), non-PV foci in six (10.5%), and right or left @entity2 in five (8.8%) was abolished by ablation. In ERe- group, pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection in 29 (72.5%), non-PV foci in eight (13.3%), and right or left @entity2 in eight (13.3%) was ablated successfully. The proportion of PV reconnection, nonfoci, and @entity2 was comparable, P = 0.45, 0.64, and 0.56, respectively. At the end of 16.5    2.0 (ERe+ group) and 15.2    2.6 (ERe- group) months' follow-up, 47 (82.5%) in ERe+ group and 51 (85%) in ERe- group were free of @entity3 , P = 0.70. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with reablation 2 months later after initial ablation, early reablation at    1 month had similar clinical effectiveness. The proper timing for reablation can be set at    1 month after initial @entity1 .

title: Early recurrences after paroxysmal XXXX ablation: when is the proper timing for reablation?

answer: @entity1


abstract: While internal medicine interns provide much of the care to @entity0 dying in the hospital, few report that they have received adequate training in end-of-life care. PURPOSE: To address this perceived lack of training, we undertook a study to evaluate Death Rounds as an educational tool in end-of-life care and to address the emotional needs of trainees providing care to dying @entity0 . DESIGN: We used a behavioral interventional study using a pre-post study design. @entity0 : The study included all internal medicine interns at the University of Washington (n = 62) during the academic year 2007-08. Interns from the 2006-07 academic year (n = 64) received the survey and served as the control group. INTERVENTION: Death Rounds, a one-hour session dedicated to discussion of emotional reactions to @entity0 @entity1 . MAIN MEASURES: We used a 14-item electronic measure with questions directed toward the impact of perceived insufficient end-of-life care and the role of Death Rounds in resident education. KEY RESULTS: Results are drawn from a total of 39 surveys completed by the intervention group, for a response rate of 63%. Seventy-four percent (29) felt that Death Rounds contributed to their education in end-of-life issues. Seventy-two percent (28) reported that Death Rounds was "somewhat" or "very" helpful in improving their comfort with discussing end-of-life issues. Ninety-seven percent (38) of @entity0 thought that having an opportunity to discuss the emotional aspects of @entity0 @entity1 should be included in their training. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that learning to deal with the strong emotions that arise in the care of dying @entity0 is an important part of physician training. Death Rounds provides an opportunity to explore these emotions with colleagues in a supportive environment and is a valuable addition to the resident curriculum.

title: Using XXXX rounds to improve end-of-life education for internal medicine residents.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The variation in tolerance to low oxyg @entity0 likely explained by divergent sets of molecular and metabolic responses between species.     We analysed the versatility of the response to low oxyg @entity0 primary metabolism by comparing nine previously published metabolome profiling studies. Data were juxtaposed with expression profiles of genes encoding enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways of rice @entity3 ab @entity4 poplar. Furthermore, full transcript profiles were compared to determine commonalities in the expression of orthologous genes and genes that serve similar functions.     Activation of fermentation and the accumulation of alan @entity1 s succ @entity5 e observed in all species, but transcriptional regulation of these metabolic pathways varied. Global analysis of orthologue expression revealed that most differentially expressed genes either had no orthologues or were not affected in the other species. Expression analysis of nearly all gene clusters with common functions varied significantly between species.     The resemblance of the metabolic response to hypo @entity2 icates that this occurs independent of the level of tolerance. However, regulation of these processes at transcriptional level varied between species. An important role is suggested for signalling and post-transcriptional regulation to be involved in the mechanisms that lead to tolerance to hypo @entity2

title: Comparative analysis between plant species of transcriptional and metabolic responses to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess heart rate variability (HRV) in Boxers with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), assess the ability of HRV analysis to identify differences in Boxers on the basis of severity of their @entity3 , and evaluate the use of HRV to determine whether persistently high sympathetic tone is present in these @entity0 . DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 24 Boxers with @entity4 and 10 clinically normal non-Boxer @entity0 . PROCEDURE: Boxers were categorized as @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity0 with < or = 2 ventricular premature complexes (VPCs)/24 h (designated unaffected), or @entity0 with > 1,000 VPCs/24 h (designated affected). Ambulatory electrocardiography (24 hours) was performed in each @entity0 . Recordings were analyzed for HRV variables at a commercial laboratory; differences in HRV variables among groups were compared with 1-way ANOVA. RESULTS: Compared with control non-Boxer @entity0 and Boxers without @entity2 (affected and unaffected Boxers), HRV was reduced in Boxers with @entity2 . No differences in HRV variables were detected between affected and unaffected Boxers. Inconsistent differences were identified between the control @entity0 and Boxers without @entity2 that had various degrees of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that persistently high sympathetic tone is not a consistent feature of @entity4 . Differences in some HRV variables between Boxers without @entity2 and control @entity0 suggest that Boxers may have different autonomic control of heart rate, compared with that of clinically normal non-Boxer @entity0 . The usefulness of HRV analysis appears limited to Boxers with @entity4 that have @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Assessment of heart rate variability in Boxers with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The acute effects of an intravenous infusion of @entity7 ( @entity9 ) (4 mg . kg-1) on left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics, coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF), and myocardial metabolism were studied in eight @entity0 with @entity4 . In contrast with data previously reported with @entity5 channel blockers, @entity9 induced an elevation in LV end-diastolic pressure from 12.0 +/- 7.1 to 20.1 +/- 7.2 mm Hg (mean +/- SD, p less than 0.001) and a fall in LV dp/dt max from 1339 +/- 302 to 1177 +/- 251 mm Hg . @entity8 (p less than 0.01). This significant alteration in LV function is likely to be explained by the lack of effect on heart rate and aortic pressure observed after an acute intravenous infusion of @entity9 . Myocardial @entity1 consumption (MVO2) increased from 448 +/- 272 to 498 +/- 273 mumol . @entity6 (p less than 0.05) as did CSBF from 79.5 +/- 42.7 to 92.1 +/- 45.1 ml X @entity6 (p less than 0.01). Lactate extraction fell from 0.33 +/- 0.17 to 0.15 +/- 0.17 (p less than 0.05). A contrast medium-induced @entity2 ( @entity3 ) evidenced an increased hyperemic volume from 9.5 +/- 3.6 to 12.1 +/- 4.5 ml/100 g LV (p less than 0.01) and @entity3 duration from 23.3 +/- 6.9 to 32.3 +/- 15.4 sec (p less than 0.05) after @entity9 . However, the peak/resting CSBF ratio was blunted after @entity9 from 1.74 +/- 0.18 to 1.61 +/- 0.12 (p less than 0.05), evidencing a net effect of @entity9 on @entity3 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Alterations in contrast medium-induced @entity2 after bepridil in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The acute effects of an intravenous infusion of @entity7 ( @entity9 ) (4 mg . kg-1) on left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics, coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF), and myocardial metabolism were studied in eight @entity0 with @entity4 . In contrast with data previously reported with @entity5 channel blockers, @entity9 induced an elevation in LV end-diastolic pressure from 12.0 +/- 7.1 to 20.1 +/- 7.2 mm Hg (mean +/- SD, p less than 0.001) and a fall in LV dp/dt max from 1339 +/- 302 to 1177 +/- 251 mm Hg . @entity8 (p less than 0.01). This significant alteration in LV function is likely to be explained by the lack of effect on heart rate and aortic pressure observed after an acute intravenous infusion of @entity9 . Myocardial @entity1 consumption (MVO2) increased from 448 +/- 272 to 498 +/- 273 mumol . @entity6 (p less than 0.05) as did CSBF from 79.5 +/- 42.7 to 92.1 +/- 45.1 ml X @entity6 (p less than 0.01). Lactate extraction fell from 0.33 +/- 0.17 to 0.15 +/- 0.17 (p less than 0.05). A contrast medium-induced @entity2 ( @entity3 ) evidenced an increased hyperemic volume from 9.5 +/- 3.6 to 12.1 +/- 4.5 ml/100 g LV (p less than 0.01) and @entity3 duration from 23.3 +/- 6.9 to 32.3 +/- 15.4 sec (p less than 0.05) after @entity9 . However, the peak/resting CSBF ratio was blunted after @entity9 from 1.74 +/- 0.18 to 1.61 +/- 0.12 (p less than 0.05), evidencing a net effect of @entity9 on @entity3 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Alterations in contrast medium-induced XXXX after bepridil in @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The acute effects of an intravenous infusion of @entity7 ( @entity9 ) (4 mg . kg-1) on left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics, coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF), and myocardial metabolism were studied in eight @entity0 with @entity4 . In contrast with data previously reported with @entity5 channel blockers, @entity9 induced an elevation in LV end-diastolic pressure from 12.0 +/- 7.1 to 20.1 +/- 7.2 mm Hg (mean +/- SD, p less than 0.001) and a fall in LV dp/dt max from 1339 +/- 302 to 1177 +/- 251 mm Hg . @entity8 (p less than 0.01). This significant alteration in LV function is likely to be explained by the lack of effect on heart rate and aortic pressure observed after an acute intravenous infusion of @entity9 . Myocardial @entity1 consumption (MVO2) increased from 448 +/- 272 to 498 +/- 273 mumol . @entity6 (p less than 0.05) as did CSBF from 79.5 +/- 42.7 to 92.1 +/- 45.1 ml X @entity6 (p less than 0.01). Lactate extraction fell from 0.33 +/- 0.17 to 0.15 +/- 0.17 (p less than 0.05). A contrast medium-induced @entity2 ( @entity3 ) evidenced an increased hyperemic volume from 9.5 +/- 3.6 to 12.1 +/- 4.5 ml/100 g LV (p less than 0.01) and @entity3 duration from 23.3 +/- 6.9 to 32.3 +/- 15.4 sec (p less than 0.05) after @entity9 . However, the peak/resting CSBF ratio was blunted after @entity9 from 1.74 +/- 0.18 to 1.61 +/- 0.12 (p less than 0.05), evidencing a net effect of @entity9 on @entity3 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Alterations in contrast medium-induced @entity2 after bepridil in XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The development of a group of @entity2 channel blockers that prolong the QT interval has raised interest in their possible proarrhythmic potential. In animal experiments @entity9 has no observed arrhythmogenic potential and no antiarrhythmic potential in a model sensitive to the antiarrhythmic properties of both conventional and investigational agents. This lack of antiarrhythmic potential reduces the possible proarrhythmic potential even further, since it has been my observation that many of the more potent antiarrhythmic agents may facilitate @entity3 in a considerable percentage of the most severely ill @entity0 . Bepridil has both slow channel blocking properties and fast channel blocking effects and thus possesses an antiarrhythmic effect beyond the prolongation of repolarization. Even though early studies with @entity0 showed the drug to be no more effective than the conventional reference agent @entity6 , its potential cannot be fully assessed by these preliminary studies. The assessment of arrhythmogenicity is determined by use of the technique of PES. This technique has been shown effective in identifying @entity0 with electrical instability and in identifying the effectiveness of antiarrhythmic agents in preventing VT and @entity4 . Thus it seems probable that PES studies may be effective in predicting which drug or agent would facilitate @entity3 . @entity1 , @entity8 , cigarette smoke, and @entity7 facilitate PES induction of VT, lending support to the hypothesis that PES studies can be used to identify proarrhythmic drugs. In fact, @entity0 who experience @entity5 on a class I agent can have VT provoked on that agent but not on antiarrhythmic drug therapy. PES thus identifies the proarrhythmic effect of the drug in that particular @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX channel blockers that prolong the QT interval.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The pathologic changes of nerves in @entity7 ( @entity7 ), a rare @entity1 with selective focal conduction block of motor fibers in mixed nerves, remain essentially unstudied. Fascicular nerve biopsy of 8 forearm or arm nerves in 7 @entity0 with typical @entity7 was undertaken for diagnostic reasons at the site of the conduction block. @entity6 were seen in 7 of 8 nerves, including a varying degree of multifocal fiber @entity5 , an altered fiber size distribution with fewer large fibers, an increased frequency of remyelinated fiber profiles, and frequent and prominent regenerating fiber clusters. Small epineurial perivascular inflammatory infiltrates were observed in 2 nerves. We did not observe @entity2 or onion bulb formation. We hypothesize that an antibody-mediated attack directed against components of axolemma at nodes of Ranvier could cause conduction block, transitory paranodal @entity2 and regeneration. Alternatively, the antibody attack could be directed at components of paranodal myelin. We favor the first hypothesis because in nerves studied by us, axonal pathological alteration predominated over myelin pathology. Irrespective of which mechanism is involved, we conclude that the unequivocal multifocal fiber @entity5 and regenerative clusters at sites of conduction block explains the observed clinical @entity4 and @entity3 and alterations of motor unit potentials. The occurrence of conduction block and multifocal @entity5 and regeneration at the same sites suggests that the processes of conduction block and @entity5 and regeneration are linked. Finding discrete multifocal @entity5 may also provide an explanation for why the functional abnormalities remain unchanged over long periods of time at discrete proximal to distal levels of nerve and may emphasize a need for early intervention (assuming that efficacious treatment is available).

title: XXXX : pathologic alterations at the site of conduction block.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Adipose derived stromal cells (ADSCs) were transplanted into a developing @entity0 eye to investigate the influence of a developing host micro environment on integration and differentiation. Green fluorescent protein-expressing ADSCs were transplanted by intraocular injections. The age of the @entity0 was in the range of 1 to 10 days @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Survival dates ranged from 7 to 28 post transplantation (DPT), at which time immunohistochemistry was performed. The transplanted ADSCs displayed some morphological differentiations in the host eye. Some cells expressed @entity1 (marker for mature neuron), or glial fibrillary acid protein (marker for glial cell). In addition, some cells integrated into the ganglion cell layer. The integration and differentiation of the transplanted ADSCs in the 5 and 10 @entity2 7 DPT were better than in the host eye the other age ranges. This study was aimed at demonstrating how the age of host micro environment would influence the differentiation and integration of the transplanted ADSCs. However, it was found that the integration and differentiation into the developing retina were very limited when compared with other stem cells, such as @entity0 brain progenitor cell.

title: Transplantation of adipose derived stromal cells into the developing XXXX eye.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In order to examine the effect of treatment of mild @entity2 of the aged, a 4 year prospective trial was performed in 41 placebo and 38 drug-treated @entity0 with an average age of 76.5 years. @entity0 were matched for blood pressure, sex and age. @entity0 with @entity1 or blood pressure elevation above 200/110 were categorized as dropouts and totaled 17 cases (41.5%) in the placebo group, and 4 cases (10.5%) in the drug-treated group (p less than 0.01). In diastolic @entity2 , dropouts formed 63.6% of the placebo group (mean BP, 170/92), and 9.5% of the drug group (mean BP, 179/94) (p less than 0.001). In systolic @entity2 , dropouts were of 15.8% in the placebo group (mean BP, 164/79), and of 11.8% in the drug group (mean BP, 167/79), and no significant difference was observed. In the placebo group, dropouts were significantly higher in @entity0 with pretreatment systolic blood pressure over 170 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure over 90 mmHg. In @entity0 of 75 years of age or more, dropouts were 46.4% in the placebo group, and 13.0% in the drug treated group showing the beneficial effect of drug treatment even in those over the age of 75. However, no beneficial effect was observed over the age of 85. Stepwise multiple regression analysis of total case revealed that the greatest predictor for dropout was the presence of placebo (i.e. no treatment), explaining 12.2% of the variation in future dropout. Similarly, diastolic @entity2 explained 7.5%, @entity3 6.7%, and age 4.6% of this variation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The treatment of mild XXXX in the elderly, a prospective study using multiple regression analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The relationship of the T cell influences involved in @entity0 B cell activation and differentiation into immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) was investigated. T cell supernatants (T supt) generated by stimulating T cells with phytohemagglutinin and @entity2 contained activities capable of augmenting DNA synthesis and the growth of mitogen-stimulated B cells and supporting the differentiation of ISC. To examine the role of T supt in B cell activation and the progression through the cell cycle, T cell- and monocyte-depleted B cells were stimulated with formalinized Cowan I strain @entity1 (SA), and the percentages of cells in G1, S, and G2 + M were determined by acridine orange staining and analysis. In all experiments, a similar percentage of cells entered G1 during the first 24 to 36 hr of culture when stimulated with SA or SA + T supt. Similar results were seen when B cell activation was analyzed by acquisition of a number of other markers of cell activation. Analysis of cell cycle progression with @entity4 staining of cellular DNA in the presence or absence of @entity3 to arrest mitosis indicated that SA-activated B cells were able to complete S and divide in the absence of T supt. Although an effect of T supt on the progression of B cells through the S phase was evident during the first cell cycle, the major effect only became apparent after the first round of cell division. Although T supt was not necessary for initial B cell activation, T cell influences were absolutely necessary for the differentiation of ISC. T supt did not need to be present during the initial 24 to 36 hr of incubation to permit subsequent generation of ISC. However, when T supt was present initially, an increased number of ISC were produced. Hydroxyurea elimination of cells traversing the G1-S interphase indicated that reception of the differentiation signal occurred before the S phase, but that the generation of ISC required subsequent DNA synthesis and/or cell division. Although precursors of ISC were entirely contained within the population triggered to divide by SA alone, there was no preferential expansion of such precursors as a result of SA stimulation. These results indicate that T cell signals are not absolutely necessary for initial B cell activation and progression through the first cell cycle, although T cell factors promote DNA synthesis by some activated B cells. In contrast, differentiation into ISC is completely dependent on T cell influences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The roles of T cell factors in activation, cell cycle progression, and differentiation of XXXX B cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: A recent study reported that the @entity6 associated A-allele of @entity13 @entity12 increased plasma high sensitivity @entity7 (hs-CRP) levels independent of @entity6 . We aimed to investigate if this gene variant had @entity6 -independent effects on plasma hs-CRP and 10 additional circulating @entity1 -related adipokines throughout a broad range of body mass index (BMI) among Danish @entity0 . METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In a population of 362,200 young @entity0 , examined for military service between 1943 and 1977, two groups were identified: 1) a random 1% sample and 2) all @entity1 @entity0 (BMI=31.0 kg/m(2), all of whom were above the 99(th) percentile of this population). At an average age of 49 years (range: 39 through 65 years), 551 @entity0 , hereof 231 of the @entity1 , were re-examined, including genotyping and measurement of the fasting circulating inflammatory markers hs-CRP, @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity11 , sTNFa-R1, @entity8 , @entity2 and leptin. @entity0 with known disease were excluded from the examination. All the inflammatory markers were log-transformed to approximate a normal distribution. Genotype-phenotype relationships were studied using linear regression analyses with the inflammatory markers as the response variable. Significant positive associations between hs-CRP, leptin and a broad range of BMI were observed, but the associations did not significantly differ across @entity13 @entity12 genotype. There were no significant associations between the other inflammatory markers, @entity13 @entity12 genotype or BMI, respectively. CONCLUSION: No @entity6 -independent effects of the @entity13 @entity12 A-allele on a series of inflammatory markers were observed in this cohort of healthy middle-aged @entity0 representing a broad range of @entity6 .

title: Influences of the common XXXX @entity12 variant on inflammatory markers throughout a broad range of body mass index.

answer: @entity13


abstract: BACKGROUND: A recent study reported that the @entity6 associated A-allele of @entity13 @entity12 increased plasma high sensitivity @entity7 (hs-CRP) levels independent of @entity6 . We aimed to investigate if this gene variant had @entity6 -independent effects on plasma hs-CRP and 10 additional circulating @entity1 -related adipokines throughout a broad range of body mass index (BMI) among Danish @entity0 . METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In a population of 362,200 young @entity0 , examined for military service between 1943 and 1977, two groups were identified: 1) a random 1% sample and 2) all @entity1 @entity0 (BMI=31.0 kg/m(2), all of whom were above the 99(th) percentile of this population). At an average age of 49 years (range: 39 through 65 years), 551 @entity0 , hereof 231 of the @entity1 , were re-examined, including genotyping and measurement of the fasting circulating inflammatory markers hs-CRP, @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity11 , sTNFa-R1, @entity8 , @entity2 and leptin. @entity0 with known disease were excluded from the examination. All the inflammatory markers were log-transformed to approximate a normal distribution. Genotype-phenotype relationships were studied using linear regression analyses with the inflammatory markers as the response variable. Significant positive associations between hs-CRP, leptin and a broad range of BMI were observed, but the associations did not significantly differ across @entity13 @entity12 genotype. There were no significant associations between the other inflammatory markers, @entity13 @entity12 genotype or BMI, respectively. CONCLUSION: No @entity6 -independent effects of the @entity13 @entity12 A-allele on a series of inflammatory markers were observed in this cohort of healthy middle-aged @entity0 representing a broad range of @entity6 .

title: Influences of the common @entity13 XXXX variant on inflammatory markers throughout a broad range of body mass index.

answer: @entity12


abstract: The theme of this paper is the use of optical spectroscopy to diagnose invisible pre- @entity1 in @entity0 undergoing endoscopy and similar medical procedures. We describe three techniques that provide diagnostic information and two instruments to implement them, the FastEEM for studying small regions of tissue and the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) imaging system for wide-area surveillance. The FastEEM is an optical fiber clinical device that collects spectra of reflected light and fluorescence at multiple excitation wavelengths from the tissue, all in a fraction of a second. Quantitative information is obtained in real time, without removing the tissue and without the need for staining and fixation. Three types of spectral information are extracted intrinsic fluorescence, diffuse reflectance and elastic light scattering. Each of the three analyses is based on a biophysical model, and each provides complementary quantitative physical and chemical information about cellular/tissue structures. This information is used to make a combined spectral diagnosis, a method we call tri-modal spectroscopy (TMS). Promising clinical studies are being carried out on @entity0 undergoing routine pre- @entity1 surveillance in the oral cavity, the uterine cervix and the gastrointestinal tract. The @entity3 imaging system provides wide-area spectroscopic images of the epithelium, typically 2 cm in each dimension, depicting the size distribution and chromatin content of the cell nuclei, which are key parameters in diagnosing pre- @entity1 . This instrument is in preclinical stages of development, although a laboratory prototype has been used to create diagnostic images in resected @entity2 samples. The combination of the TMS/FastEEM and @entity3 imaging instrument will constitute a powerful new diagnostic tool, with @entity3 imaging to provide wide area surveillance and the TMS probe to provide detailed information on suspect tissue sites.

title: Spectroscopic diagnosis and imaging of invisible pre- XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Black @entity0 survivors have high rates of @entity3 and low physical activity levels. Little is known about the acceptability and feasibility of interventions in this population. OBJECTIVE: A two-arm RCT was launched to assess the efficacy of a culturally targeted 12-week multimodal lifestyle intervention in overweight and @entity3 black survivors. METHODS: Intervention components included nutrition education, exercise groups, and survivor-led motivational interviewing phone sessions. The analytic sample included @entity1 who completed the trial (intervention n=10; control n=12). Anthropometric measures, physical activity, and VO2max were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Change scores (intervention vs. control) were assessed with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. A process evaluation assessed intervention acceptability. RESULTS: Overall adherence was 70% and overall satisfaction was high (86%). Despite the 5% weight loss target, the intervention group lost 0.8% but BMI improved. Total physical activity levels increased in the intervention vs. control arm (+3501METmin/week vs. +965METmin/week, respectively). VO2max improved in the intervention group (+0.10  1.03kg/L/min). Intervention @entity1 reduced energy intake (-207.3  31.5kcals) and showed improvements in fat intake (-15.5  3.8g), fiber (+3.2  1.2g) and % energy from fat (-4.8  3.1%). Survivors suggested providing diet/exercise information within a @entity2 context. CONCLUSIONS: Group and individualized intervention strategies are acceptable to black survivors. Observed differences between self-report and objective outcomes may suggest reporting bias or changes in body composition. Increasing supervised intervention components and assessment of body composition will be important for future trials.

title: The feasibility and acceptability of a diet and exercise trial in overweight and @entity3 black XXXX survivors: The Stepping STONE study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Black @entity0 survivors have high rates of @entity3 and low physical activity levels. Little is known about the acceptability and feasibility of interventions in this population. OBJECTIVE: A two-arm RCT was launched to assess the efficacy of a culturally targeted 12-week multimodal lifestyle intervention in overweight and @entity3 black survivors. METHODS: Intervention components included nutrition education, exercise groups, and survivor-led motivational interviewing phone sessions. The analytic sample included @entity1 who completed the trial (intervention n=10; control n=12). Anthropometric measures, physical activity, and VO2max were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Change scores (intervention vs. control) were assessed with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. A process evaluation assessed intervention acceptability. RESULTS: Overall adherence was 70% and overall satisfaction was high (86%). Despite the 5% weight loss target, the intervention group lost 0.8% but BMI improved. Total physical activity levels increased in the intervention vs. control arm (+3501METmin/week vs. +965METmin/week, respectively). VO2max improved in the intervention group (+0.10  1.03kg/L/min). Intervention @entity1 reduced energy intake (-207.3  31.5kcals) and showed improvements in fat intake (-15.5  3.8g), fiber (+3.2  1.2g) and % energy from fat (-4.8  3.1%). Survivors suggested providing diet/exercise information within a @entity2 context. CONCLUSIONS: Group and individualized intervention strategies are acceptable to black survivors. Observed differences between self-report and objective outcomes may suggest reporting bias or changes in body composition. Increasing supervised intervention components and assessment of body composition will be important for future trials.

title: The feasibility and acceptability of a diet and exercise trial in overweight and XXXX black @entity0 survivors: The Stepping STONE study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to quantify Scheimpflug corneal densitometry in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the charts and anterior segment data of 49 @entity0 with @entity3 before posterior lamellar keratoplasty and 51 healthy controls. The @entity0 were examined using the Scheimpflug-based Oculus Pentacam. @entity2 ( @entity2 ), ring-averaged (on a circle of 2, 2.4-10 mm diameter) noncentral @entity1 , and densitometry data in different corneal layers and in different annuli were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: The total corneal light backscatter at total @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and at total diameter was significantly higher in the @entity3 group when compared with the control group ( @entity3 group: 28.8    6.7; control group: 24.3    4.1; P < 0.001). When the corneal surface was divided into concentric annular zones at total @entity1 , the differences were significant only in the 2 central annuli (P < 0.001). The total corneal light backscatter at total @entity1 in the central 0-2 mm annulus correlated moderately with the central @entity1 (Pearson's correlation = 0.55, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Corneal light backscatter in the central cornea was greater in @entity0 with @entity3 than in normal subjects. Corneal densitometry enables us to evaluate the optical quality of the @entity4 and in different annuli. It is a useful, objective method that, in combination with central @entity1 and corneal central-to-peripheral thickness ratio, can help to quantify @entity3 severity.

title: Corneal Densitometry, Central Corneal Thickness, and Corneal Central-to-Peripheral Thickness Ratio in XXXX With Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Needle-free vaccine delivery has become a global priority, both to eliminate the risk of improper and unsafe needle use and to simplify vaccination procedures. In pursuit of greater ease of vaccination, a number of needle-free delivery routes have been explored, with mucosal routes being perhaps the most prominent. Since the vaccine administration route significantly affects immune responses, numerous researchers are attempting to develop alternative vaccine delivery methods including a mucosal route. My group's recent studies demonstrate the potential of the sublingual (s.l.) route for delivering vaccines capable of inducing mucosal as well as systemic immune responses. Sublingual administration conferred effective protection against a lethal challenge with @entity0 . Moreover, @entity3 - @entity4 / @entity2 -regulated dendritic cells are responsible for activation of T and B cells following s.l. administration. This review highlights current knowledge about the safety and effectiveness of s.l. vaccination and describes how s.l. vaccination can induce both @entity1 .

title: Sublingual mucosa: A new vaccination route for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary @entity2 and variables that include body mass index, @entity3 , metabolic profile, and blood pressure levels in renal transplant @entity0 . DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted. SETTING: Eligible @entity0 were recruited from renal transplant outpatient clinics at Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. @entity0 : A total of 40 @entity0 and 34 @entity0 aged >18 years who had received kidney transplants in the past >= 12  months were included in this study. INTERVENTION: All @entity0 underwent clinical, dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical evaluation. RESULTS: @entity0 were classified into the following 2 groups on the basis of their mean dietary @entity2 intake: group A (<600 mg/day) and group B (>= 600 mg/day). @entity0 in group B presented significantly lower levels of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio as compared with those in group A (P = .04 and P = .005, respectively), after adjusting for confounding variables such as energy intake, gender, age, physical activity, time since transplantation, and @entity1 dose. After controlling for potential confounders, including energy intake and physical activity, subjects in group B had a lower odds ratio for prevalent @entity3 as compared with those in group A (odds ratio, 0.17; 95% confidence interval, 0.03 to 0.94; P = .04). Body mass index was significantly lower in @entity0 with higher @entity2 intake; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance after adjustments for confounding factors. Metabolic profile and blood pressure levels were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study suggest that a higher dietary @entity2 intake may be associated with lower abdominal adiposity in renal transplant @entity0 .

title: A pilot study on the relation between dietary XXXX and clinical parameters in renal transplant recipients.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whereas indications expand and results improve with increasing refinements to the Fontan procedure the overall impact on outcomes related to @entity1 remains suboptimally defined. METHODS: We reviewed 225 consecutive @entity0 presenting between 1971 and 1999. All @entity0 had classic @entity1 with absent right @entity1 and with D-transposition of the great arteries in 21%, pulmonary outflow obstruction in 75%, and aortic outflow obstruction in 11%. RESULTS: Ten @entity0 died before any intervention and 3 @entity0 were lost to follow-up. Palliative procedures (includes 151 with systemic shunt, 27 pulmonary artery banding, 60 venous shunt) were performed in 203 @entity0 , with 44 deaths, 8 @entity0 awaiting Fontan, 12 @entity0 Fontan contraindicated, and 11 @entity0 lost-to-follow-up. A total of 137 @entity0 had the Fontan procedure (9 @entity0 without previous procedures) with 7 early deaths, 11 late deaths, and 3 @entity0 progressing to heart transplantation. Total survival for the cohort was 90% at the age of 1 month, 81% at 1 year, 70% at 10 years, and 60% at 20 years with no significant change over the time period. Independent factors associated with ineligibility or death without Fontan (n = 68, 30%) included earlier birth date, lower birth weight, presence of @entity3 and greater @entity2 , and no palliative procedure. There were no significant changes in mortality with Fontan over the study time period with survival of 95% at 1 month, 93% at 1year, and 82% at 10 years. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in outcomes with @entity1 will require attention to management and risk factors before Fontan.

title: Outcomes of XXXX in the Fontan era.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: We conducted a trial of a new less invasive, locoregional modality for @entity1 with @entity5 . This study was planned to investigate the feasibility, safety, and pharmacokinetics of pleural perfusion thermochemotherapy (PPTC) under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and its modified method with a short perfusion time for preventing @entity2 to the lung during the procedure. METHODS: Seventeen @entity0 , 59 to 79 years old, underwent surgical resection of the primary lesions and PPTC under VATS without thoracotomy. All had @entity5 with @entity1 proven before the treatment. PPTC consists of irrigating the pleural space with 42 degrees C saline solution containing @entity6 (200 mg/m(2)) using a devised circuit. The time for perfusion was two hours in 10 @entity0 (group L), and one hour in 7 @entity0 (group S). RESULTS: All @entity0 successfully completed this treatment with acceptable @entity3 . The pharmacokinetic analysis showed that high @entity7 levels for the regional pleural exposure, which was 20- to 40-fold greater than those for the plasma in both groups. These values were equivalent between the groups, although the levels for the plasma were higher in group L than in group S. @entity4 was seen in 4 @entity0 with no serious conditions in group L, and none in group S. The median survival for the L and S groups was 17 and 19 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This less invasive modality seems to offer a safe, feasible, and pharmacokinetically advantageous procedure to have excellent local control for @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Pleural perfusion thermo-chemotherapy under VATS: a new less invasive modality for advanced XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: We conducted a trial of a new less invasive, locoregional modality for @entity1 with @entity5 . This study was planned to investigate the feasibility, safety, and pharmacokinetics of pleural perfusion thermochemotherapy (PPTC) under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and its modified method with a short perfusion time for preventing @entity2 to the lung during the procedure. METHODS: Seventeen @entity0 , 59 to 79 years old, underwent surgical resection of the primary lesions and PPTC under VATS without thoracotomy. All had @entity5 with @entity1 proven before the treatment. PPTC consists of irrigating the pleural space with 42 degrees C saline solution containing @entity6 (200 mg/m(2)) using a devised circuit. The time for perfusion was two hours in 10 @entity0 (group L), and one hour in 7 @entity0 (group S). RESULTS: All @entity0 successfully completed this treatment with acceptable @entity3 . The pharmacokinetic analysis showed that high @entity7 levels for the regional pleural exposure, which was 20- to 40-fold greater than those for the plasma in both groups. These values were equivalent between the groups, although the levels for the plasma were higher in group L than in group S. @entity4 was seen in 4 @entity0 with no serious conditions in group L, and none in group S. The median survival for the L and S groups was 17 and 19 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This less invasive modality seems to offer a safe, feasible, and pharmacokinetically advantageous procedure to have excellent local control for @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Pleural perfusion thermo-chemotherapy under VATS: a new less invasive modality for advanced @entity1 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chest wall progression of @entity0 affects up to 5% of @entity0 @entity1 and is a major source of their @entity5 . Treatment options are limited or may not be offered to these @entity1 . Low-dose @entity6 -induced @entity3 ( @entity3 ) offers an excellent clinical response with minimal morbidity. We report our continued experience with @entity3 in this setting. METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 with more than 500 truncal metastases were treated with @entity3 . All received off-label @entity6 (.8 mg/kg) i.v. and light treatment at 630 nm from a diode laser with a microlens at a fluence of 1800 mW and a total light dose of 150 to 200 J/cm2 at 48 hours. One @entity1 required re-treatment because of @entity4 . RESULTS: Follow-up was at least 6 months, and several extended to >24 months. All @entity1 demonstrated @entity2 necrosis, with 9 of 14 complete responses, including with lesions >2 cm in thickness. Disease progression occurred outside of the treatment field. Several @entity1 had initial regression of untreated lesions. Wound care, especially with disease in the deep tissues, was an issue. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose @entity6 -induced @entity3 offers @entity1 with chest wall progression a treatment option with an excellent clinical response. To date, the response is prolonged and offers good local control. Surgical oncologists have an active role in this treatment option.

title: XXXX with chest wall progression: treatment with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chest wall progression of @entity0 affects up to 5% of @entity0 @entity1 and is a major source of their @entity5 . Treatment options are limited or may not be offered to these @entity1 . Low-dose @entity6 -induced @entity3 ( @entity3 ) offers an excellent clinical response with minimal morbidity. We report our continued experience with @entity3 in this setting. METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 with more than 500 truncal metastases were treated with @entity3 . All received off-label @entity6 (.8 mg/kg) i.v. and light treatment at 630 nm from a diode laser with a microlens at a fluence of 1800 mW and a total light dose of 150 to 200 J/cm2 at 48 hours. One @entity1 required re-treatment because of @entity4 . RESULTS: Follow-up was at least 6 months, and several extended to >24 months. All @entity1 demonstrated @entity2 necrosis, with 9 of 14 complete responses, including with lesions >2 cm in thickness. Disease progression occurred outside of the treatment field. Several @entity1 had initial regression of untreated lesions. Wound care, especially with disease in the deep tissues, was an issue. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose @entity6 -induced @entity3 offers @entity1 with chest wall progression a treatment option with an excellent clinical response. To date, the response is prolonged and offers good local control. Surgical oncologists have an active role in this treatment option.

title: @entity0 with chest wall progression: treatment with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High density lipoprotein (HDL) anti-atherogenic functions are closely associated with @entity1 risk factor, and are dictated by its composition, which is often affected by environmental factors. The present study investigates the effects of the @entity0 carotid plaque constituents on HDL composition and biological functions. To this end, @entity0 carotid plaques were homogenized and incubated with HDL. Results showed that after incubation, most of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) protein was released from the HDL, and HDL diameter increased by an average of approximately 2 nm. In parallel, HDL antioxidant activity was impaired. In response to homogenate treatment HDL could not prevent the accelerated oxidation of LDL caused by the homogenate. Boiling of the homogenate prior to its incubation with HDL abolished its effects on HDL composition changes. Moreover, @entity4 fluorescence quenching assay revealed an interaction between plaque component(s) and HDL, an interaction that was reduced by 50% upon using pre-boiled homogenate. These results led to hypothesize that plaque protein(s) interacted with HDL-associated @entity3 and altered the HDL composition. Immuno-precipitation of @entity3 that was released from the HDL after its incubation with the homogenate revealed a co-precipitation of three isomers of actin. However, @entity2 alone did not significantly affect the HDL composition, and yet the active protein within the plaque was elusive. In conclusion then, protein(s) in the homogenate interact with HDL protein(s), leading to release of @entity3 from the HDL particle, a process that was associated with an increase in HDL diameter and with impaired HDL anti-oxidant activity.    2015 BioFactors, 42(1):115-128, 2016.

title: XXXX carotid atherosclerotic plaque protein(s) change HDL protein(s) composition and impair HDL anti-oxidant activity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Interleukin (IL)-12B is a key regulator in the protection against @entity1 induced by various allergens in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). This study was performed to investigate the associations between single @entity5 polymorphisms in the @entity6 gene and @entity3 in a Chinese Han population. A total of 543 @entity0 with @entity3 and 600 healthy controls were genotyped for @entity6 / @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity10 , and @entity11 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism and PCR direct sequencing. The expression of @entity6 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from normal controls was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Levels of @entity2 and @entity4 in culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The frequencies of the @entity7 genotype with the CC and C alleles were higher in @entity0 with @entity3 (p c  =  8.55  *  10(-4); p c  =  4.20  *  10(-4), respectively) than in normal controls. After peptidoglycan stimulation in PBMCs, IL-12 mRNA expression was reduced in healthy carriers of the CC genotype of @entity7 . Additionally, decreased production of @entity2 was observed in @entity0 having the CC genotype as compared with that in @entity0 having the AC and AA genotypes. In contrast, @entity4 expression was higher in @entity0 with the CC genotype than in @entity0 with the other two genotypes. The @entity6 gene was involved in mediating susceptibility to @entity3 .

title: Genetic variations in @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Interleukin (IL)-12B is a key regulator in the protection against @entity1 induced by various allergens in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). This study was performed to investigate the associations between single @entity5 polymorphisms in the @entity6 gene and @entity3 in a Chinese Han population. A total of 543 @entity0 with @entity3 and 600 healthy controls were genotyped for @entity6 / @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity10 , and @entity11 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism and PCR direct sequencing. The expression of @entity6 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from normal controls was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Levels of @entity2 and @entity4 in culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The frequencies of the @entity7 genotype with the CC and C alleles were higher in @entity0 with @entity3 (p c  =  8.55  *  10(-4); p c  =  4.20  *  10(-4), respectively) than in normal controls. After peptidoglycan stimulation in PBMCs, IL-12 mRNA expression was reduced in healthy carriers of the CC genotype of @entity7 . Additionally, decreased production of @entity2 was observed in @entity0 having the CC genotype as compared with that in @entity0 having the AC and AA genotypes. In contrast, @entity4 expression was higher in @entity0 with the CC genotype than in @entity0 with the other two genotypes. The @entity6 gene was involved in mediating susceptibility to @entity3 .

title: Genetic variations in XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 have a high risk for progression to @entity9 ( @entity9 ). In the short term, treatment with oral @entity11 and @entity5 attenuates the deterioration of renal function in these @entity0 ; however, the long-term efficacy is unknown. METHODS: We have studied prospectively 65 @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 (serum @entity12 >135 micromol/l) who were treated with oral @entity11 (1.5-2.0 mg/kg/day for 12 months) and @entity5 ( @entity13 pulses 3 x 1 g, i.v. at months 1, 3 and 5, and oral @entity4 0.5 mg/kg/48 h for 6 months). RESULTS: Follow-up was 51 (5-132) months. Renal function temporarily improved or stabilized in all @entity0 . A partial remission (PR) occurred in 56 @entity0 followed by a complete remission (CR) in 17. During follow-up, 11 @entity0 had relapsed (28% relapse rate after 5 years), of whom nine were re-treated because of renal function deterioration. At the end of follow-up, 16 @entity0 were in CR, 31 in PR, eight had a persistent @entity14 , one had mild @entity10 , four had progressed to @entity9 and five had died. Overall renal survival was 86% after 5 years and 74% after 7 years, compared with 32% after 5 and 7 years in a historical control group. Treatment-related complications occurred in two-thirds of @entity0 , mainly consisting of @entity6 and @entity8 . One @entity0 has developed @entity2 , another @entity0 @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Renal survival is good if @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 are treated with oral @entity11 . However, side effects occur frequently and relapse rate is high during longer follow-up.

title: Cytotoxic therapy for XXXX and @entity3 : improved renal survival but high relapse rate.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 have a high risk for progression to @entity9 ( @entity9 ). In the short term, treatment with oral @entity11 and @entity5 attenuates the deterioration of renal function in these @entity0 ; however, the long-term efficacy is unknown. METHODS: We have studied prospectively 65 @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 (serum @entity12 >135 micromol/l) who were treated with oral @entity11 (1.5-2.0 mg/kg/day for 12 months) and @entity5 ( @entity13 pulses 3 x 1 g, i.v. at months 1, 3 and 5, and oral @entity4 0.5 mg/kg/48 h for 6 months). RESULTS: Follow-up was 51 (5-132) months. Renal function temporarily improved or stabilized in all @entity0 . A partial remission (PR) occurred in 56 @entity0 followed by a complete remission (CR) in 17. During follow-up, 11 @entity0 had relapsed (28% relapse rate after 5 years), of whom nine were re-treated because of renal function deterioration. At the end of follow-up, 16 @entity0 were in CR, 31 in PR, eight had a persistent @entity14 , one had mild @entity10 , four had progressed to @entity9 and five had died. Overall renal survival was 86% after 5 years and 74% after 7 years, compared with 32% after 5 and 7 years in a historical control group. Treatment-related complications occurred in two-thirds of @entity0 , mainly consisting of @entity6 and @entity8 . One @entity0 has developed @entity2 , another @entity0 @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Renal survival is good if @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 are treated with oral @entity11 . However, side effects occur frequently and relapse rate is high during longer follow-up.

title: Cytotoxic therapy for @entity1 and XXXX : improved renal survival but high relapse rate.

answer: @entity3


abstract: y   T cells are considered to be innate lymphocytes that play an important role in host defense against @entity0 and @entity2 . We recently reported that @entity19 markedly amplified y   T cell responses to @entity14 ( @entity16 )/ @entity5 . In an extension of this finding, we analyzed the mechanism underlying the @entity19 -mediated expansion of y   T cells. After incubation of PBMCs with ZOL/ @entity5 / @entity19 , the majority of the cells expressed y   TCR, and the rest mostly exhibited @entity12 (bright) @entity10 (+) under the conditions used in this study. @entity12 (bright) @entity10 (+) cells were derived from a culture of @entity12 (int) @entity10 (+) cells and @entity15 (+) cells in the presence of @entity5 and @entity19 without the addition of ZOL. They expressed IL-18Rs, HLA-DR, @entity9 , @entity17 , @entity18 , @entity11 , and @entity6 / @entity7 . In addition, they produced @entity4 , @entity3 , but not IL-12, when treated with @entity5 / @entity19 , and they exerted @entity1 against K562 cells, thus exhibiting characteristics of both NK cells and dendritic cells. Incubation of purified y   T cells with @entity12 (bright) @entity10 (+) cells in the presence of ZOL/ @entity5 / @entity19 resulted in the formation of massive cell clusters and led to the marked expansion of y   T cells. However, both conventional @entity12 (-/int) @entity10 (high) dendritic cells induced by @entity8 / @entity13 and @entity12 (+) @entity10 (-) NK cells failed to support the expansion of y   T cells. These results strongly suggest that @entity12 (bright) @entity10 (+) cells play a key role in the @entity19 -mediated proliferation of y   T cells.

title: Involvement of CD56brightCD11c+ cells in XXXX -mediated expansion of human y   T cells.

answer: @entity19


abstract: With respect to @entity2 , the primary function of the laboratory is to identify its presence. Tests are not available that permit a specific diagnosis and an accurate prognosis. Several tests should be present in a minimum data base that can help identify @entity0 . They are ALT, SAP, total serum @entity5 , urine @entity5 , @entity1 , albumin, BUN, @entity3 , red cell morphology, and urine sediment. It is sometimes possible to tentatively identify whether a disease is primarily hepatocellular or biliary from the pattern of changes that occur in these tests. In addition, an estimate of the severity is sometimes possible when abnormal values are extreme. The keys are to avoid overinterpretation, use serial evaluations, and rely on a liver biopsy when definitive answers are needed. If @entity2 is suspected but there are only marginal changes in the routine tests, the more sensitive tests of function, BSP retention and @entity6 tolerance, are warranted. In the future, as more knowledge is gained about the responses of @entity4 , GGT, and ICG retention to naturally occurring diseases, these tests may join or replace some of those currently used. Also, as the ability to accurately and economically measure the various @entity7 improves, a sensitive, yet noninvasive, method to detect and define modest changes in hepatobiliary function may result.

title: Laboratory evaluation of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Recurrence of @entity1 in families results from either dominant (parental mosaicism) or recessive inheritance. The proportion of these two mechanisms is not known, and determination of the contribution of each is important to structure genetic counseling for these families. METHODS: We measured the recurrence rate of @entity1 after the birth of an affected @entity0 . We determined the rate of parental mosaicism in a subset of families in which we had identified dominant mutations. In 37 families in which two or more affected @entity0 were born, we identified mutations and determined the proportion that resulted from recessive inheritance. RESULTS: The recurrence rate after the first affected pregnancy was 1.3%. The rate of parental mosaicism in families in which a dominant mutation was identified in a first affected @entity0 was 16%. In 37 families with two affected @entity0 , 26 had dominant mutations, seven had recessive mutations, and we failed to find mutations in four. The overall recurrence rate for couples after two or more affected @entity0 was 32%; 27% for families with parental mosaicism, 31% for recessive mutations, and 50% for families with no identified mutation. CONCLUSIONS: In most populations, recurrence of @entity1 usually results from parental mosaicism for dominant mutations, but the carrier frequency of recessive forms of @entity1 will alter that proportion. Mutation identification is an important tool to assess risk and facilitate prenatal or preimplantation diagnosis.

title: Recurrence of perinatal XXXX in sibships: parsing the risk between parental mosaicism for dominant mutations and autosomal recessive inheritance.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: pH-impedance monitoring is used to diagnose symptomatic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) based on symptom association probability (SAP). Current criteria for calculation of SAP are optimised for heartburn in adults. @entity0 , however, demonstrate a different symptom profile. The aim of the present study was to optimise criteria for calculation of SAP in @entity0 with @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Ten @entity0 referred for investigation of symptomatic reflux were enrolled. @entity1 episodes were recorded using a pH-impedance probe, which remained in place for 48 hours. During the test, cough, crying, and regurgitation were marked. Impedance recordings were analysed for the occurrence of @entity2 . SAP for behaviors following reflux episodes was separately calculated for day 1 and day 2 using automated reporting software, which enabled the time window used for SAP calculations to be modified from 15 to 600 seconds. Day-to-day agreement of SAP was assessed by calculating the 95% limits of agreement (mean difference    1.96 standard deviations of differences) and their confidence intervals. RESULTS: The number of @entity1 episodes and symptom episodes reported did not differ from day to day. The best agreement in SAP between the 2 days was found using time intervals of 2 minutes for cough, 5 minutes for crying, and 15 seconds and/or 2 to 5 minutes for regurgitation. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the standard 2-minute time interval is appropriate for the investigation of cough and regurgitation symptoms. The day-to-day agreement of SAP for crying was poor using standard criteria, and our results suggest increasing the reflux-symptom association time interval to 5 minutes.

title: Optimisation of the reflux-symptom association statistics for use in XXXX being investigated by 24-hour pH impedance.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether @entity0 experiencing recurrent miscarriage were more likely to have a family history of @entity1 . DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: @entity0 having a first birth in Scotland between 1992 and 2006. SAMPLE: A total of 74, 730 first births were linked to the hospital admission and death certification data for the @entity0 's parents through the @entity0 's birth certificates. METHODS: The incidence of @entity1 in the @entity0 's parents was related to the number of @entity5 experienced before their daughters' first births using a Cox proportional hazards model. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Death or hospital admission of the @entity0 's parents for @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or @entity4 ( @entity4 ). MAIN RESULTS: There was an increased incidence of @entity3 in the parents of @entity0 who experienced two @entity5 before their first birth (hazard ratio 1.25, 95% CI 1.04-1.49) and parents of @entity0 who experienced three or more @entity5 before their first birth (hazard ratio 1.56, 95% CI 1.14-2.15). Adjustment for the characteristics of the @entity0 at the time of the first birth was without material effect. There was no significant association between miscarriage and family history of @entity2 or @entity4 . There was no significant association between the number of therapeutic terminations of pregnancy before the first birth and the incidence of any type of @entity1 in the @entity0 's parents. CONCLUSIONS: The parents of @entity0 who experience recurrent miscarriage are more likely to experience @entity3 . Recurrent miscarriage and @entity3 may have common patho-physiological pathways and genetic predispositions.

title: Recurrent miscarriage is associated with a family history of XXXX : a retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of repeated expandable @entity4 ( @entity3 ) packing for preventing @entity1 after @entity0 undergo functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). METHODS: A nonrandomized, prospective study of 20 @entity0 with @entity5 was conducted based on the Lund-Mackay scoring system. EPA was packed, for 3 days/week, in total, three times for 3 weeks, into the left frontal sinus ostium right after FESS. For the control, the @entity1 was left unpacked. After 6 months, the patency of the frontal sinus ostium was measured with a ruler under endoscopic guidance and the patency was classified as obstructed, stenotic, or patent according to the size. RESULTS: Obstruction developed in the right side in four @entity0 and in the left side in two @entity0 . @entity2 was found in the right side in eight @entity0 and in the left side in one @entity0 . The ostium of the frontal sinus was patent in the right side in 8 @entity0 and patent in the left side in 17 @entity0 . The sizes of the ostia were significantly different between the frontal sinuses on both sides 6 months after FESS (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The outcome of repeated EPA packing was favorable in @entity0 undergoing FESS.

title: The effect of expandable XXXX packing for preventing @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of repeated expandable @entity4 ( @entity3 ) packing for preventing @entity1 after @entity0 undergo functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). METHODS: A nonrandomized, prospective study of 20 @entity0 with @entity5 was conducted based on the Lund-Mackay scoring system. EPA was packed, for 3 days/week, in total, three times for 3 weeks, into the left frontal sinus ostium right after FESS. For the control, the @entity1 was left unpacked. After 6 months, the patency of the frontal sinus ostium was measured with a ruler under endoscopic guidance and the patency was classified as obstructed, stenotic, or patent according to the size. RESULTS: Obstruction developed in the right side in four @entity0 and in the left side in two @entity0 . @entity2 was found in the right side in eight @entity0 and in the left side in one @entity0 . The ostium of the frontal sinus was patent in the right side in 8 @entity0 and patent in the left side in 17 @entity0 . The sizes of the ostia were significantly different between the frontal sinuses on both sides 6 months after FESS (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The outcome of repeated EPA packing was favorable in @entity0 undergoing FESS.

title: The effect of expandable @entity4 packing for preventing XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Maintenance of an anaerobic denitrification system in the obligate @entity0 pathogen, @entity5 , suggests that an anaerobic lifestyle may be important during the course of @entity3 . Furthermore, mounting evidence suggests that reduction of host-produced @entity4 has several immunomodulary effects on the host. However, at this point there have been no studies analyzing the complete gonococcal transcriptome response to anaerobiosis. Here we performed deep sequencing to compare the gonococcal transcriptomes of aerobically and anaerobically grown cells. Using the information derived from this sequencing, we discuss the implications of the robust transcriptional response to anaerobic growth. RESULTS: We determined that 198 chromosomal genes were differentially expressed (~10% of the genome) in response to anaerobic conditions. We also observed a large induction of genes encoded within the cryptic plasmid, pJD1. Validation of RNA-seq data using translational-lacZ fusions or RT-PCR demonstrated the RNA-seq results to be very reproducible. Surprisingly, many genes of prophage origin were induced anaerobically, as well as several transcriptional regulators previously unknown to be involved in anaerobic growth. We also confirmed expression and regulation of a small RNA, likely a functional equivalent of fnrS in the Enterobacteriaceae family. We also determined that many genes found to be responsive to anaerobiosis have also been shown to be responsive to @entity2 and/or oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS: Gonococci will be subject to many forms of environmental stress, including @entity1 -limitation, during the course of @entity3 . Here we determined that the anaerobic stimulon in gonococci was larger than previous studies would suggest. Many new targets for future research have been uncovered, and the results derived from this study may have helped to elucidate factors or mechanisms of virulence that may have otherwise been overlooked.

title: Deep sequencing-based analysis of the anaerobic stimulon in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the long-term success and morbidity of tracheostomies for @entity0 with @entity3 . STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study of @entity0 who have undergone tracheostomy for @entity3 at Hennepin County Medical Center since 1979. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of all tracheostomy @entity0 operated January 1, 1979, to June 30, 1999, were evaluated. Follow-up data from @entity0 records, death certificates, and @entity8 . RESULTS: Seventy-nine @entity0 (70 @entity0 and 9 @entity0 ; age range, 25-70 y; mean age, 47 y) received tracheostomies at a regional @entity2 center. Respiratory distress index ranged from 45 to 146 (mean value, 81). @entity3 in all cases. Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 20 years (mean period, 8.3 y). In all, 16 @entity0 had decannulation (range, 2 mo to 13 y): 5 of the @entity0 chose continuous positive airway pressure, 3 grew intolerant of their tracheostomy, 3 had @entity3 fully resolve after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, 3 unknown diagnosis for decannulation, 2 had significant @entity6 . Morbidity seen within the first year was primarily limited to granulation tissue, infection, and stoma revision. Fourteen @entity4 were identified. Average age at time of death was 62 years. Five @entity4 were cardiopulmonary related, four were from @entity1 , two were from postoperative complications of unrelated surgery, and one was from aspiration. Tracheostomy-related mortality included one @entity7 and one @entity5 . CONCLUSION: @entity3 and its comorbid conditions are effectively treated in the long term with tracheostomy. Initial management of more frequent complication is well tolerated. Significant morbidity and mortality are low. @entity3 resolution allowing decannulation remain poor.

title: The long-term evaluation of tracheostomy in the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In a prospective study 39 @entity0 with @entity4 were treated for one year with 100 micrograms @entity3 (n = 19) or 500 micrograms @entity5 (n = 20). Efficacy of treatment was assessed by sonographic thyroid volumetry . In both forms of treatment maximum volume decrease was already seen within the first six months. After treatment for one year the mean decrease of thyroid volumes was 27.5% in the @entity3 group and 22% in the @entity5 group. This difference was statistically not significant. There was no difference in the extent of goitre size reduction within the @entity3 group among @entity0 with complete TSH suppression and with still positive TRH test. Significant increases of T4 and of fT4 values within the normal range were observed already after one month with @entity3 treatment and only after 3 months with @entity5 treatment. There were no changes of the T3 values. In one female @entity0 @entity2 -induced @entity1 occurred. However, there were no further side effects in both treatment groups. This randomised study documents for the first time that both 500 micrograms of @entity5 and 100 micrograms of @entity3 have a comparable efficacy for reduction of goitres.

title: [Sonographic volumetry of the thyroid gland in the control o thyroxin and XXXX treatment of non-toxic goiter].

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this trial was to compare lateral internal sphincterotomy with local 0.2 percent @entity2 in the treatment of @entity3 to minimize surgical complications such as minor @entity1 . METHODS: Fifty-four @entity0 with @entity3 were randomized in a prospective trial to either sphincterotomy or local 0.2 percent @entity2 . All @entity0 had anal function tests before and 5 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: In the ointment group, 18 @entity0 (67 percent) healed at 5 weeks and 24 (89 percent) healed at 10 weeks of treatment. Maximum resting anal pressure was reduced 30 percent. Eight @entity0 (30 percent) had minor side effects. In the surgical group, 26 @entity0 (96 percent) healed at 5 weeks and 100 percent healed at 10 weeks after treatment, with 33 percent reduction in maximum resting anal pressure. Forty-four percent of @entity0 had minor @entity1 , which remained in 15 percent after 24 months follow-up. No statistical difference in maximum resting anal pressure was found between groups ( P = 0.16), but the percentage of healing at 5 weeks was greater in the surgical group ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 ointment must be considered as the first choice of treatment in @entity0 with @entity3 . Surgery should be indicated if chemical sphincterotomy fails.

title: Randomized, prospective trial comparing 0.2 percent @entity2 ointment with sphincterotomy in treatment of XXXX : a two-year follow-up.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this trial was to compare lateral internal sphincterotomy with local 0.2 percent @entity2 in the treatment of @entity3 to minimize surgical complications such as minor @entity1 . METHODS: Fifty-four @entity0 with @entity3 were randomized in a prospective trial to either sphincterotomy or local 0.2 percent @entity2 . All @entity0 had anal function tests before and 5 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: In the ointment group, 18 @entity0 (67 percent) healed at 5 weeks and 24 (89 percent) healed at 10 weeks of treatment. Maximum resting anal pressure was reduced 30 percent. Eight @entity0 (30 percent) had minor side effects. In the surgical group, 26 @entity0 (96 percent) healed at 5 weeks and 100 percent healed at 10 weeks after treatment, with 33 percent reduction in maximum resting anal pressure. Forty-four percent of @entity0 had minor @entity1 , which remained in 15 percent after 24 months follow-up. No statistical difference in maximum resting anal pressure was found between groups ( P = 0.16), but the percentage of healing at 5 weeks was greater in the surgical group ( P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 ointment must be considered as the first choice of treatment in @entity0 with @entity3 . Surgery should be indicated if chemical sphincterotomy fails.

title: Randomized, prospective trial comparing 0.2 percent XXXX ointment with sphincterotomy in treatment of @entity3 : a two-year follow-up.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the frequency and significance of adrenal lesions that demonstrate heterogeneous suppression on chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective search of adrenal lesions identified on MR from November 1997-July 2001 was performed. The adrenal lesions were classified as having suppression typical for an @entity2 , nonsuppression, or atypical heterogeneous suppression. Lesions with heterogeneous suppression were further reviewed. Follow-up for the heterogeneous lesions consisted of imaging studies or pathology from surgical excision. RESULTS: @entity1 were identified in 242 @entity0 . Heterogeneously suppressing lesions were seen in 34 (14%) @entity0 . Several different patterns of heterogeneous suppression were identified. Imaging or pathologic follow-up was available for 18 of the heterogeneously suppressing lesions (one @entity0 had both). Fifteen @entity0 with follow-up imaging showed stability of the lesion over a significant interval, suggesting a benign lesion. Pathology was available for four @entity0 revealing two @entity0 with @entity2 and two @entity0 with @entity3 . Thus, all 18 @entity0 with heterogeneous suppression had a benign lesion. CONCLUSION: @entity1 that have a heterogeneous pattern of suppression on out-of-phase chemical shift MR images are a common finding. Our small series suggest that these lesions are probably benign.

title: XXXX with heterogeneous suppression on chemical shift imaging: clinical implications.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 -negative mutants of cultured @entity1 FM3A cells were immediately committed to cell death upon @entity2 deprivation especially when the cells were synchronized in the S-phase. @entity2 deprivation induced single strand breaks in parental DNA strands, as measured by alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation, giving rise to two peaks, one with large and the other with short fragments. Increase in the short DNA fragments paralleled that of thymineless death. @entity2 deprivation also accumulated double strand DNA fragments as determined by a method of neutral filter elution, and their extent paralleled that of cell death. Double-strand DNA eluted through the filter sedimented as a single peak both in a neutral and in an alkaline sucrose gradient that coincided with that of the above short DNA fragments. Therefore, the double strand breaks seemed to occur in some defined portions of the genome and in some specific manners in contrast to those induced by X-ray, which occurred rather randomly. @entity4 blocked thymineless death and accumulation of the double stranded DNA fragments in parallel. The double strand breaks induced by @entity2 starvation were not repaired, but instead advanced on subsequent incubation of the cells in growth medium containing @entity2 . Cytogenetically, @entity2 deprivation induced chromosome aberrations such as chromatid breaks, chromatid interchanges, and chromosome fragmentation. Also, @entity3 deprivation induced sister chromatid exchange. Thymidylate stress also induced loss of a stably integrated @entity0 gene in @entity1 cells, possibly by DNA rearrangements, under the conditions where no point mutations were induced.

title: Thymineless death and genetic events in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of @entity5 in residents of Montes Claros, Brazil, of both sexes, aged above 16 years, using the COPCORD questionnaire. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 3038 @entity0 ; the sample was probabilistic, by conglomerates, multiple stages, within homogeneous strata, the sampling unit being the domicile. The COPCORD questionnaire was used for all subjects, and a rheumatologist evaluated those @entity0 who presented @entity1 and/or functional disability. Laboratory tests and radiographs of small and large joints were done in some @entity0 to confirm the diagnosis. Subjects were identified by socioeconomic level in quintiles A, B, C, D, and E, A being the highest. RESULTS: Two hundred nineteen @entity0 were identified with @entity5 , mean age 37 (SD 27) years, with female predominance. Seventy-seven (35.2%) were unemployed and socioeconomic level D was the most prevalent. Of all @entity0 with @entity5 , @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was observed in 126 (57.5%) @entity0 , @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in 76 (34.7%), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in 14 (6.4%), and lupus in 3 (1.4%). @entity0 were predominant in all diseases except @entity4 . The mean (SD) age was 56 (12.7) years for @entity4 , 43.2 (9.1) for @entity2 , 53.4 (13.9) for @entity3 , and 40 (14) for lupus. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity5 evaluated by the COPCORD questionnaire was 4.14% for @entity4 , 2.5% for @entity2 , 0.46% for @entity3 , and 0.098% for lupus.

title: Prevalence of XXXX in Brazil: a study using the COPCORD approach.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Multiple epidemiological variables of 131 @entity0 with @entity2 born during 1970 and 1979 in a seven-county urban/rural region of south-western Ohio were analyzed retrospectively via personal interviews, hospital and clinic records, and birth and stillbirth certificates. The estimated incidence of @entity2 was 0.69/1000. It did not vary over the 10 years, seasonally, or in the urban vs. rural areas. The incidence for whites was three times that for non-whites. Reporting of @entity2 on the birth certificate was found for 52 per cent. Fetal loss in the @entity0 's mothers was similar to that for controls. However, there was a high number of therapeutic abortions just prior to the conception of the @entity0 with @entity2 . Oral contraceptives were used in the early months of the affected pregnancy more frequently than in controls. Recurrence risk was 3.2 per cent. Almost 12 per cent of the @entity0 with @entity2 had other major @entity1 . Even when the deceased probands were discounted, the @entity1 rate was higher than in the general population. Siblings of affected @entity0 had a less impressive but still increased rate of @entity1 .

title: The epidemiology of XXXX in south-western Ohio--1970-1979.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of this study was to develop an in vitro model of the proximal colon that would permit investigation of the function of @entity0 . Five continuous cultures of fecal bacteria were maintained anaerobically in steady state for at least 21 days in a medium simulating ileostomy effluent. The pH was maintained at 6 by the controlled infusion of @entity6 . Fresh medium (13 ml) was pumped into the culture for 2 min every hour and excess culture was simultaneously removed. The redox potential of all cultures remained below -300 mV, whereas the osmolality was maintained @entity5 compared with the original inoculum or medium. The cultures readily produced volatile @entity3 at a rate of 30.4 +/- 3.6 mmol/day (mean +/- SEM). @entity2 (10-19 mmol/day) and @entity8 (5-30 mmol/day) were produced in the largest amounts, whereas @entity7 was produced only in small amounts or not at all. Ammonia was produced in each culture in amounts that varied from day to day and between cultures. The osmolality and volatile @entity1 production increased when the @entity4 input was doubled and decreased when the cultures were deprived of @entity4 . Thus it is possible to maintain actively fermenting viable cultures in vitro for prolonged periods; such cultures respond to changing conditions and may be useful in investigating the metabolic function of the colon.

title: Metabolism of mixed human XXXX in a continuous culture mimicking the human cecal contents.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Seventy-eight @entity0 with perforated duodenal @entity1 were prospectively studied between 1977 and 1982. @entity0 were alternately allocated to receive simple closure (Group I, 33 @entity0 ) and definitive surgery (Group II, 32 @entity0 ). High-risk @entity0 and those whose conditions dictated a definitive operation were excluded. All @entity0 in Group II had a truncal vagotomy and drainage except one who had a proximal gastric vagotomy. There was no death in Group I or Group II; the complication rate and postoperative course were similar. Twenty-seven @entity0 in Group I and 26 @entity0 in Group II were available for follow-up 12 to 80 months after operation, mean 39 months. Good/excellent results were achieved in 30 per cent of Group I compared with 81 per cent of Group II (P less than 0.01). Eighty-five per cent of Group I @entity0 developed recurrent @entity1 and 33 per cent had already had a second definitive operation. Two @entity0 (8 per cent) in Group II were reoperated upon for recurrent @entity1 due to an incomplete vagotomy. In a population of @entity0 where long-term follow-up and medical treatment for duodenal @entity1 is unsatisfactory, truncal vagotomy with drainage should be the treatment of choice for perforation. Simple closure should be reserved for high-risk @entity0 or when the surgeon is inexperienced.

title: Surgical treatment of perforated duodenal XXXX : a prospective trial between simple closure and definitive surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the role of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the diagnosis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with anterior drainage and particularly whether a negative @entity3 could avoid an invasive diagnostic cerebral angiography (DSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two consecutive @entity0 with ophthalmic signs suspecting @entity4 were submitted to ophthalmologic examination, @entity3 and DSA. @entity4 diagnosis with @entity3 was based on the finding of a reversed, arterialized and low-resistive-index (RI <0.5) blood flow in the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV). Sensibility, specificity, @entity2 , NPV, and accuracy of @entity3 were calculated considering both @entity0 and eyes, using DSA as gold standard. RESULTS: DSA demonstrated 20 CCFs in 18 @entity0 . Considering the @entity0 , in 18/22 @entity4 diagnosis was positive at @entity3 and DSA while 4/22 were negative at both. Considering the eyes, in 24/43 @entity4 diagnosis was positive at both DSA and @entity3 (total eyes  =  43, due to one case of SOV @entity1 ). In 19/43 eyes diagnosis was negative at both @entity3 and DSA. So sensitivity, specificity, @entity2 , NPV, and accuracy of @entity3 in the @entity0 and eyes analysis were all 100  %. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a reliable, noninvasive tool in the diagnosis of @entity4 ; a negative @entity3 could avoid an invasive DSA in @entity0 suspected for anterior-draining @entity4 .

title: Orbital color Doppler ultrasound as noninvasive tool in the diagnosis of anterior-draining XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Circulating levels of plasma @entity0 -17 beta, @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity4 , immunoreactive insulin, plasma @entity3 , and protein were measured at interval during the period of final gonadal maturation, prior to spawning of male and female @entity7 . Plasma @entity0 levels fluctuated significantly and generally covaried in males and females through time. In females, possibly in relation to environmental changes, mean plasma @entity0 levels peaked four times during the final spawning period but decreased sharply at the time of ovulation. In males, mean plasma @entity0 peaked seven times during the final prespawning period and, in contrast to females, peaked significantly at the time of final spermiation. Plasma @entity6 were extremely low and covaried in males and females through time. Like plasma @entity1 profiles, there were coordinated changes in plasma @entity4 and @entity5 levels in males and females through the prespawning season. There was a slight increase in plasma insulin during the terminal maturation of the lampreys. However, at ovulation, the insulin levels abruptly decreased in females, whereas in males they remained unchanged. Plasma protein and @entity2 levels gradually decreased until ovulation/spermiation. At ovulation plasma @entity2 levels increased.

title: Changes in plasma XXXX and thyroid hormones and insulin during final maturation and spawning of the @entity7 , @entity7 .

answer: @entity1