abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 nanotubes (CNT) have recently been studied as novel and versatile drug and gene delivery vehicles. When CNT are suitably functionalized, they can interact with various cell types and are taken up by endocytosis. Areas covered: Anti- @entity0 drugs @entity5 and @entity4 have been delivered by CNT, as well as @entity8 , @entity7 and @entity1 . The delivery of the antifungal compound @entity10 and the oral administration of @entity6 have both been assisted using CNT. Frequently, targeting moieties such as @entity9 , epidermal growth factor or various antibodies are attached to the CNT-drug nanovehicle. Different kinds of functionalization (e.g., polycations) have been used to allow CNT to act as gene delivery vectors. Plasmid DNA, small interfering RNA and micro-RNA have all been delivered by CNT vehicles. Significant concerns are raised about the nanotoxicology of the CNT and their potentially damaging effects on the environment. Expert opinion: CNT-mediated drug delivery has been studied for over a decade, and both in vitro and in vivo studies have been reported. The future success of CNTs as vectors in vivo and in clinical application will depend on achievement of efficacious therapy with minimal adverse effects and avoidance of possible @entity2 and environmentally damaging effects.

title: XXXX nanotubes part II: a remarkable carrier for drug and gene delivery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: Thyroid morphogenesis is a complex process. Inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) genes play a role in hormone release, cell excitability, pH and K(+) homeostasis in many tissues. Objectives: To investigate the thyroid developmental expression of three members, @entity1 , @entity2 and @entity3 , in @entity0 . To postulate the K(+) channel role in thyroid hormone secretion. Material and Methods: Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of @entity1 , @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity0 of different stages (E13.5-E18.5). Results: mRNA for @entity1 , @entity2 and @entity3 were identified and increased with age in @entity0 . Both @entity1 and @entity2 genes are better expressed after E16.5. @entity2 greatly increases from E13.5 to E16.5 (p  <= 0.05). Conclusion: Quantitative PCR shows that the @entity0 thyroid presents increased expression for Kir channels during development. The role of Kir in thyroid morphogenesis and differentiation might be understood in future studies. We speculate that thyroglobulin trafficking might be modulated by @entity1 /5.1.    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Molecular Insights into the Possible Role of XXXX and @entity3 in Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction: Thyroid morphogenesis is a complex process. Inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) genes play a role in hormone release, cell excitability, pH and K(+) homeostasis in many tissues. Objectives: To investigate the thyroid developmental expression of three members, @entity1 , @entity2 and @entity3 , in @entity0 . To postulate the K(+) channel role in thyroid hormone secretion. Material and Methods: Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of @entity1 , @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity0 of different stages (E13.5-E18.5). Results: mRNA for @entity1 , @entity2 and @entity3 were identified and increased with age in @entity0 . Both @entity1 and @entity2 genes are better expressed after E16.5. @entity2 greatly increases from E13.5 to E16.5 (p  <= 0.05). Conclusion: Quantitative PCR shows that the @entity0 thyroid presents increased expression for Kir channels during development. The role of Kir in thyroid morphogenesis and differentiation might be understood in future studies. We speculate that thyroglobulin trafficking might be modulated by @entity1 /5.1.    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Molecular Insights into the Possible Role of @entity1 and XXXX in Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 is a frequent cause of @entity3 and morbidity after heart transplantation, especially in @entity0 treated with antilymphocytic drugs where the incidence may be as high as 50%. METHODS: To determine the efficacy of combined antiviral and intravenous immune globulin therapy for prevention of @entity7 in transplant recipients receiving OKT3 and to compare two different antiviral drug regimens, we reviewed 115 transplant recipients from December 1988 to December 1993 who survived for more than 30 days. Of these, 29 received oral @entity4 for 3 months (group A) and 86 received intravenous @entity8 for 2 weeks followed by oral @entity4 up to 3 months (group G); all received six infusions of 5% intravenous immune globulin over 2 months. All @entity0 had OKT3 for 10 to 14 days and triple-drug immunosuppression. RESULTS: @entity7 ( @entity1 , @entity6 , or @entity5 with @entity2 ) occurred in 10% of @entity0 (12 of 115 @entity0 ) and was confirmed by positive culture, typical microscopic inclusions, or polymerase chain reaction. In 91 seropositive recipients, there was a trend to less @entity7 in group G (3.0%, 2 of 67 @entity0 ) than in group A (12.5%, 3 of 24 @entity0 ) (p = 0.11), which was more apparent in recipients with seropositive donors where the incidence was reduced from 16.7% (group A) to 2.4% (group G; p = 0.08). In 24 seronegative recipients, @entity7 incidence was higher overall and not significantly less in group G (26%, 5 of 19 @entity0 ) than in group A (40%, two of five @entity0 ) (p = Not significant). CONCLUSIONS: Prophylaxis with combined antiviral and immune globulin therapy produces a low (10%) incidence of @entity7 in OKT3-treated heart transplant recipients. In seropositive recipients treated with combined therapy, @entity8 may be more effective than @entity4 . Larger trials and more aggressive prophylactic strategies are needed in seronegative @entity0 who receive hearts from seropositive donors.

title: Combined antiviral and immunoglobulin therapy as prophylaxis against XXXX after heart transplantation.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is significant clinical need for viable small-diameter vascular grafts. While there are many graft biomaterials in development, few have been clinically successful. Evaluation of grafts with a clinically relevant model is needed to drive development. This work examined extracellular matrix coatings on the @entity0 phenotype of endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs). EOCs were tested on flat plates and tubular grafts. Flat plate studies examined collagen I, collagen IV, fibronectin and a-elastin coatings. EOCs attached or proliferated more readily on collagen I and fibronectin surfaces as determined by total DNA. The production of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) by EOCs was also dependent on the surface coating, with collagen I and fibronectin displaying a higher activity than both collagen IV and a-elastin on flat plate studies. Based on these results, only collagen I and fibronectin coatings were tested on expanded @entity1 (ePTFE) in the ex vivo model. Tubular samples showed significantly greater tissue factor pathway inhibitor gene expression on collagen I than on fibronectin. Platelet adhesion was not significantly different, but EOCs on collagen I produced significantly lower @entity2 than on fibronectin, suggesting that differences exist between the flat plate and tubular cultures. Overall, while the hemostatic phenotype of EOCs displayed some differences, cell responses were largely independent of the matrix coating. EOCs adhered strongly to both fibronectin- and collagen-I-coated ePTFE grafts under ex vivo (100 ml/min) flow conditions suggesting the usefulness of this clinically relevant cell source, testing modality, and shunt model for future work examining biomaterials and cell conditioning before implantation.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: XXXX Responses of Endothelial Outgrowth Cells to Protein-Coated Surfaces.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Left atrial (LA) dimension can predict @entity8 ( @entity8 ) recurrence after catheter-based or surgical ablation. Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) may be a surgical option during aortic valve replacement (AVR) and/or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), though consensus regarding @entity0 selection and late outcome is lacking. METHODS: We studied 160 @entity0 (mean age 70    9 years) with @entity8 who underwent radiofrequency-based PVI during AVR and/or CABG, and were followed up postoperatively for at least 6 months. Mean preoperative LA dimension was 44    7 mm. Serial echocardiography was performed to evaluate left ventricular (LV) and LA dimensions, E/e', estimated @entity2 (PA) pressure and degree of @entity1 . Follow-up was completed with a mean duration of 47    25 months. RESULTS: At the latest follow-up, 133 @entity0 (83%) remained in sinus rhythm. Preoperative LA dimension was independently associated with increased risk of @entity8 recurrence at 6 months after surgery [adjusted odds ratio 1.3 per 1-mm increase in LA dimension, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-1.6, P < 0.001]. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated an optimal cut-off value for preoperative LA dimension of 45 mm to predict sinus rhythm restoration (98% for <45 mm vs 55% for >= 45 mm, P < 0.001). @entity0 with LA dimension >= 45 mm had a significantly lower 5-year survival rate (62    7 vs 82    7%, P = 0.025) and freedom from adverse events defined as @entity3 / @entity5 , admission for @entity6 , catheter ablation and permanent pacemaker implantation (58    7 vs 91    4%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative LA dimension >= 45 mm was independently associated with adverse events (adjusted hazards ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-5.1, P = 0.019). Serial echocardiography demonstrated improvement in LV systolic function irrespective of LA dimension, whereas @entity0 with LA dimension >= 45 mm showed less improvement in LA dimension and systolic PA pressure (interaction effect P < 0.001) and persistent higher E/e' (group effect P < 0.001), along with aggravated @entity9 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity8 related to @entity7 and/or @entity4 , a dilated left atrium (>= 45 mm) was associated with inferior @entity8 - and event-free survival after PVI, accompanied by persistent abnormalities in cardiac and haemodynamic function. These findings may assist @entity0 selection for PVI during AVR and/or CABG.

title: Dilated left atrium as a predictor of late outcome after XXXX concomitant with aortic valve replacement and/or coronary artery bypass grafting

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inpatient mortality is an indicator of the quality of care. We analyzed the mortality of under 5-year-old hospitalized @entity0 in the pediatric ward of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital for updating our data 10 years after our first study. METHODS: We analyzed the data of the @entity0 hospitalized between 1  January and 31  December 2012. For each @entity0 , we collected anthropometric measurements converted to a z-score related to World Health Organization growth data. Logistic regression-generating models built separately with different anthropometric parameters were used to assess the risk of mortality according to @entity0 's characteristics. RESULTS: Data from 393 @entity0 were included. The overall mortality rate was 10% (39/393). Using logistic regression, the risk factors associated with @entity1 were severe @entity4 (odds ratio [OR]=8.27; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]) [3.79-18], male gender (OR=2.98; 95% CI [1.25-7.1]), @entity2 (OR=5.4; 95% CI [2.54-13.43]) in the model using the weight-for-height z-score; male gender (OR=2.5; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]), @entity2 (OR=8.43; 95% CI [3.83-18.5]) in the model using the height-for-age z-score; male gender (OR=2.7; 95% CI [1.19-6.24]), @entity2 (OR=7.5; 95% CI [3.39-16.76]), severe deficit in the weight-for-age z-score (OR=2.4; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]) in the model using the weight-for-age z-score; and male gender (OR=2.5; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]) and @entity2 (OR=8.43; 94% CI [3.83-18.5]) in the last model with mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). @entity2 and @entity3 were two independent risk factors of @entity1 . The protocols addressing @entity2 and @entity3 management should be audited and performed systematically for each @entity0 's anthropometric measurements at admission.

title: [ @entity2 and @entity3 as two independent risk factors of XXXX in a Senegalese pediatric hospital.]

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inpatient mortality is an indicator of the quality of care. We analyzed the mortality of under 5-year-old hospitalized @entity0 in the pediatric ward of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital for updating our data 10 years after our first study. METHODS: We analyzed the data of the @entity0 hospitalized between 1  January and 31  December 2012. For each @entity0 , we collected anthropometric measurements converted to a z-score related to World Health Organization growth data. Logistic regression-generating models built separately with different anthropometric parameters were used to assess the risk of mortality according to @entity0 's characteristics. RESULTS: Data from 393 @entity0 were included. The overall mortality rate was 10% (39/393). Using logistic regression, the risk factors associated with @entity1 were severe @entity4 (odds ratio [OR]=8.27; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]) [3.79-18], male gender (OR=2.98; 95% CI [1.25-7.1]), @entity2 (OR=5.4; 95% CI [2.54-13.43]) in the model using the weight-for-height z-score; male gender (OR=2.5; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]), @entity2 (OR=8.43; 95% CI [3.83-18.5]) in the model using the height-for-age z-score; male gender (OR=2.7; 95% CI [1.19-6.24]), @entity2 (OR=7.5; 95% CI [3.39-16.76]), severe deficit in the weight-for-age z-score (OR=2.4; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]) in the model using the weight-for-age z-score; and male gender (OR=2.5; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]) and @entity2 (OR=8.43; 94% CI [3.83-18.5]) in the last model with mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). @entity2 and @entity3 were two independent risk factors of @entity1 . The protocols addressing @entity2 and @entity3 management should be audited and performed systematically for each @entity0 's anthropometric measurements at admission.

title: [ XXXX and @entity3 as two independent risk factors of @entity1 in a Senegalese pediatric hospital.]

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inpatient mortality is an indicator of the quality of care. We analyzed the mortality of under 5-year-old hospitalized @entity0 in the pediatric ward of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital for updating our data 10 years after our first study. METHODS: We analyzed the data of the @entity0 hospitalized between 1  January and 31  December 2012. For each @entity0 , we collected anthropometric measurements converted to a z-score related to World Health Organization growth data. Logistic regression-generating models built separately with different anthropometric parameters were used to assess the risk of mortality according to @entity0 's characteristics. RESULTS: Data from 393 @entity0 were included. The overall mortality rate was 10% (39/393). Using logistic regression, the risk factors associated with @entity1 were severe @entity4 (odds ratio [OR]=8.27; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]) [3.79-18], male gender (OR=2.98; 95% CI [1.25-7.1]), @entity2 (OR=5.4; 95% CI [2.54-13.43]) in the model using the weight-for-height z-score; male gender (OR=2.5; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]), @entity2 (OR=8.43; 95% CI [3.83-18.5]) in the model using the height-for-age z-score; male gender (OR=2.7; 95% CI [1.19-6.24]), @entity2 (OR=7.5; 95% CI [3.39-16.76]), severe deficit in the weight-for-age z-score (OR=2.4; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]) in the model using the weight-for-age z-score; and male gender (OR=2.5; 95% CI [1.11-5.63]) and @entity2 (OR=8.43; 94% CI [3.83-18.5]) in the last model with mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). @entity2 and @entity3 were two independent risk factors of @entity1 . The protocols addressing @entity2 and @entity3 management should be audited and performed systematically for each @entity0 's anthropometric measurements at admission.

title: [ @entity2 and XXXX as two independent risk factors of @entity1 in a Senegalese pediatric hospital.]

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Few treatment options are available for @entity0 with advanced or metastatic @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Based on preclinical and early clinical efficacy signals and lack of overlapping @entity3 , we undertook this multicenter phase II trial to estimate efficacy and safety of @entity6 and @entity8 in advanced @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with advanced @entity4 not amenable to locoregional therapy and @entity0 -Pugh A @entity2 received @entity6 7.5 mg PO daily and @entity8 LAR 60 mg IM every 28 days. The primary endpoint was @entity5 ( @entity5 ), with 26 events needed to evaluate if @entity6 + @entity8 improved @entity5 from 2.8 to 4.4 months, with 80% power and an alpha of 0.05. Secondary endpoints included response as measured by RECIST modified for @entity4 , treatment-emergent adverse events, and overall survival. RESULTS: After 24 @entity0 were enrolled, results of a randomized trial showing no benefit of @entity6 in @entity4 were released prompting an unplanned interim analysis that found the conditional probability of rejecting the null hypothesis based on events in those @entity0 was 0.08. Therefore accrual was halted. @entity0 had a median age of 59 years, 21 (88%) had BCLC stage C @entity1 , and 11 (46%) metastatic disease. Median @entity5 was 3.5 months (95% CI 2-5.8) and median survival 6.7 months (95% CI 6-infinity). Best response was stable disease in ten @entity0 . Grade 3 @entity7 occurred in 6 (25%). There were no grade 4 treatment-emergent events. CONCLUSION: Despite promising early efficacy signals, we found no benefit for the combination of @entity6 and @entity8 in @entity4 .

title: XXXX and @entity8 for advanced and metastatic @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Few treatment options are available for @entity0 with advanced or metastatic @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Based on preclinical and early clinical efficacy signals and lack of overlapping @entity3 , we undertook this multicenter phase II trial to estimate efficacy and safety of @entity6 and @entity8 in advanced @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with advanced @entity4 not amenable to locoregional therapy and @entity0 -Pugh A @entity2 received @entity6 7.5 mg PO daily and @entity8 LAR 60 mg IM every 28 days. The primary endpoint was @entity5 ( @entity5 ), with 26 events needed to evaluate if @entity6 + @entity8 improved @entity5 from 2.8 to 4.4 months, with 80% power and an alpha of 0.05. Secondary endpoints included response as measured by RECIST modified for @entity4 , treatment-emergent adverse events, and overall survival. RESULTS: After 24 @entity0 were enrolled, results of a randomized trial showing no benefit of @entity6 in @entity4 were released prompting an unplanned interim analysis that found the conditional probability of rejecting the null hypothesis based on events in those @entity0 was 0.08. Therefore accrual was halted. @entity0 had a median age of 59 years, 21 (88%) had BCLC stage C @entity1 , and 11 (46%) metastatic disease. Median @entity5 was 3.5 months (95% CI 2-5.8) and median survival 6.7 months (95% CI 6-infinity). Best response was stable disease in ten @entity0 . Grade 3 @entity7 occurred in 6 (25%). There were no grade 4 treatment-emergent events. CONCLUSION: Despite promising early efficacy signals, we found no benefit for the combination of @entity6 and @entity8 in @entity4 .

title: @entity6 and XXXX for advanced and metastatic @entity4 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: Few treatment options are available for @entity0 with advanced or metastatic @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Based on preclinical and early clinical efficacy signals and lack of overlapping @entity3 , we undertook this multicenter phase II trial to estimate efficacy and safety of @entity6 and @entity8 in advanced @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with advanced @entity4 not amenable to locoregional therapy and @entity0 -Pugh A @entity2 received @entity6 7.5 mg PO daily and @entity8 LAR 60 mg IM every 28 days. The primary endpoint was @entity5 ( @entity5 ), with 26 events needed to evaluate if @entity6 + @entity8 improved @entity5 from 2.8 to 4.4 months, with 80% power and an alpha of 0.05. Secondary endpoints included response as measured by RECIST modified for @entity4 , treatment-emergent adverse events, and overall survival. RESULTS: After 24 @entity0 were enrolled, results of a randomized trial showing no benefit of @entity6 in @entity4 were released prompting an unplanned interim analysis that found the conditional probability of rejecting the null hypothesis based on events in those @entity0 was 0.08. Therefore accrual was halted. @entity0 had a median age of 59 years, 21 (88%) had BCLC stage C @entity1 , and 11 (46%) metastatic disease. Median @entity5 was 3.5 months (95% CI 2-5.8) and median survival 6.7 months (95% CI 6-infinity). Best response was stable disease in ten @entity0 . Grade 3 @entity7 occurred in 6 (25%). There were no grade 4 treatment-emergent events. CONCLUSION: Despite promising early efficacy signals, we found no benefit for the combination of @entity6 and @entity8 in @entity4 .

title: @entity6 and @entity8 for advanced and metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BackgroundIn order to estimate utilities for @entity1 studies where the EQ-5D was not used, the EORTC QLQ-C30 can be used to estimate EQ-5D using existing mapping algorithms. Several mapping algorithms exist for this transformation, however, algorithms tend to lose accuracy in @entity0 in poor health states. The aim of this study was to test all existing mapping algorithms of QLQ-C30 onto EQ-5D, in a dataset of @entity0 with @entity3 , an invariably fatal @entity1 where no previous mapping estimation has been published.MethodsHealth related quality of life (HRQoL) data where both the EQ-5D and QLQ-C30 were used simultaneously was obtained from the UK-based prospective observational SWAMP (South West Area Mesothelioma and Pemetrexed) trial. In the original trial 73 @entity0 with @entity2 were offered palliative chemotherapy and their HRQoL was assessed across five time points. This data was used to test the nine available mapping algorithms found in the literature, comparing predicted against observed EQ-5D values. The ability of algorithms to predict the mean, minimise error and detect clinically significant differences was assessed.ResultsThe dataset had a total of 250 observations across 5 timepoints. The linear regression mapping algorithms tested generally performed poorly, over-estimating the predicted compared to observed EQ-5D values, especially when observed EQ-5D was below 0.5. The best performing algorithm used a response mapping method and predicted the mean EQ-5D with accuracy with an average root mean squared error of 0.17 (Standard Deviation; 0.22). This algorithm reliably discriminated between clinically distinct subgroups seen in the primary dataset.ConclusionsThis study tested mapping algorithms in a population with poor health states, where they have been previously shown to perform poorly. Further research into EQ-5D estimation should be directed at response mapping methods given its superior performance in this study.

title: Testing mapping algorithms of the XXXX -specific EORTC QLQ-C30 onto EQ-5D in @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BackgroundIn order to estimate utilities for @entity1 studies where the EQ-5D was not used, the EORTC QLQ-C30 can be used to estimate EQ-5D using existing mapping algorithms. Several mapping algorithms exist for this transformation, however, algorithms tend to lose accuracy in @entity0 in poor health states. The aim of this study was to test all existing mapping algorithms of QLQ-C30 onto EQ-5D, in a dataset of @entity0 with @entity3 , an invariably fatal @entity1 where no previous mapping estimation has been published.MethodsHealth related quality of life (HRQoL) data where both the EQ-5D and QLQ-C30 were used simultaneously was obtained from the UK-based prospective observational SWAMP (South West Area Mesothelioma and Pemetrexed) trial. In the original trial 73 @entity0 with @entity2 were offered palliative chemotherapy and their HRQoL was assessed across five time points. This data was used to test the nine available mapping algorithms found in the literature, comparing predicted against observed EQ-5D values. The ability of algorithms to predict the mean, minimise error and detect clinically significant differences was assessed.ResultsThe dataset had a total of 250 observations across 5 timepoints. The linear regression mapping algorithms tested generally performed poorly, over-estimating the predicted compared to observed EQ-5D values, especially when observed EQ-5D was below 0.5. The best performing algorithm used a response mapping method and predicted the mean EQ-5D with accuracy with an average root mean squared error of 0.17 (Standard Deviation; 0.22). This algorithm reliably discriminated between clinically distinct subgroups seen in the primary dataset.ConclusionsThis study tested mapping algorithms in a population with poor health states, where they have been previously shown to perform poorly. Further research into EQ-5D estimation should be directed at response mapping methods given its superior performance in this study.

title: Testing mapping algorithms of the @entity1 -specific EORTC QLQ-C30 onto EQ-5D in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aims. We examined the prognostic impact of eight different @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the standard electrocardiogram (ECG) in a community cohort. Methods and results. Data were collected from 6299 Finnish individuals. During a mean 8.2 years (interquartile range 8.1 to 8.3) of follow-up 640 subjects died (10.2%); 277 (4.4%) were @entity0 . For both sexes, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was higher in subjects with @entity3 than in those without. In Cox regression analysis after adjustment for age and gender, the hazard ratio for cardiovascular mortality for non-specific @entity3 was 4.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95-9.26, P < 0.0001) and for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) 2.11 (95% CI 1.31-3.41, P = 0.002). @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was not related to additional mortality, while incomplete @entity2 (IRBBB) presented a hazard ratio of 2.24 (95% CI 1.064-4.77, P = 0.036). Conclusions. In the general population, non-specific @entity3 , @entity2 , and IRBBB were associated with increased relative risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. @entity2 did not have an impact on cardiovascular mortality either in subjects with or without previous @entity1 .

title: Prognostic implications of XXXX in a general population: The Health 2000 Survey.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Multiple genetic and epigenetic events determine neuronal phenotype during nervous system development. After the mature @entity0 neuronal phenotype has been determined it is usually static for the remainder of life, unless an @entity5 . Injured neurons may suffer one of three potential fates: @entity3 , persistent @entity2 , or recovery. The ability of an injured adult neuron to recover from injury in adulthood may be determined by events that also influence neuronal phenotype during development, including expression of growth-related genes and responsiveness to survival and growth signals in the environment. The latter signals include @entity6 and substrate molecules that promote neurite growth. Several adult CNS regions exhibit @entity7 responsiveness, including the basal forebrain, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, brainstem, and spinal cord. The specificity of @entity7 responsiveness in these regions parallels patterns observed during development. In addition, neurons of several CNS regions extend @entity4 after injury when presented with growth-promoting substrates. When both @entity6 and growth-promoting substrates are provided to adult @entity1 that have undergone bilateral fimbria-fornix lesions, then partial morphological and behavioral recovery can be induced. Gene therapy is one useful tool for providing these substances. Thus, the mature CNS remains robustly responsive to signals that shape nervous system development, and is highly plastic when stimulated by appropriate cues.

title: Maintaining the neuronal phenotype after injury in the adult CNS. XXXX , axonal growth substrates, and gene therapy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity2 produces one or more enzymes with lipolytic activity, but differences between strains have been reported (Owens and John 1975; O'Toole 1987; Rollof et al. 1987). The biological and biochemical properties of these enzymes have been investigated and results were recently reviewed (K  tting et al. 1984). Baird-Parker medium (Baird-Parker 1962) is a selective medium commonly used for the isolation of Staph. aureus. The presence of egg yolk in this medium permits the detection of two reactions due to lipolytic activity of staphylococci: (1) Lecithinase reaction, a zone of precipitate in the medium surrounding the colonies; and (2) Lipase reaction or 'pearly layer', an iridescent film in and immediately surrounding colonies, visible by reflected light (iridescent sheen or 'oil in water'). In this study, @entity0 and @entity1 strains, previously biotyped according to the scheme of Devriese et al. (1984), were compared for production of a zone of precipitation, lecithinase reaction, on Baird-Parker medium. @entity1 and @entity0 strains of Staph. aureus were compared for production of the egg yolk reaction (lecithinase reaction) on Baird-Parker medium and the results were related to their biotypes and site of origin of the sample. @entity0 strains and strains biotyped as @entity0 biotypes had higher percentage of positive results than @entity1 isolates and/or biotypes. However, all strains isolated from body sites of heifers produced a positive reaction regardless of the biotype.

title: Lecithinase reaction of XXXX strains of different origin on Baird-Parker medium.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE:: To assess risk factors and outcomes associated with pediatric @entity1 . DESIGN:: Multicentered prospective observational cohort. SETTING:: @entity0 's hospitals in the United States. @entity0 :: Mechanically ventilated @entity0 less than 18 years old. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:: Prospective evaluation of the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of pediatric @entity1 along with evaluation of diagnostic criterion for pediatric @entity1 . The prevalence of pediatric @entity1 was 5.2% (n = 2,082), for a rate of 7.1/1,000 ventilator days. @entity0 with @entity1 had a longer unadjusted ICU length of stay (p < 0.0001) and increased length of mechanical ventilation by more than 11 days (p < 0.0001). After adjustment for @entity0 factors, ICU length of stay (p = 0.03) and mechanical ventilation days (p = 0.001) remained significant. @entity0 with @entity1 were almost three times more likely to die (p = 0.007). Independent risk factors for @entity1 were reintubation and part-time ventilation. CONCLUSIONS:: Pediatric @entity1 is common in mechanically ventilated pediatric @entity0 . These @entity0 have longer length of stay, longer duration of mechanical ventilation, and increased risk for mortality.

title: A Multicentered Prospective Analysis of Diagnosis, Risk Factors, and Outcomes Associated With XXXX *

answer: @entity1


abstract: Apoptotic cells were histochemically demonstrated by the @entity12 -mediated biotinylated @entity9 nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method in @entity3 -fixed and @entity7 -embedded sections of the @entity0 endometrium and placental villi. In 53 endometrial biopsy specimens, labeled nuclei were identified in 16 samples showing a desquamating change, associated with menstruation, functional @entity6 or @entity4 . Cells in the normal proliferative and secretory phases were unlabeled. The labeled nuclei in the gland and stroma corresponded well to the so-called apoptotic bodies. Placental tissues at various stages of gestation were obtained by spontaneous @entity11 , @entity10 or normal delivery. Syncytiotrophoblastic cells in an early gestational stage (7-12 weeks) and in the term placenta were focally labeled, and the labeled cells possessed pyknotic nuclei and densely eosinophilic cytoplasm. In the early gestational chorionic villi with marked @entity5 or in hydatidiform mole, the stromal cells were frequently labeled. Villous cells in coagulation @entity1 ( @entity8 ) also revealed strong signals. The apoptotic bodies were not recognizable histologically in these labeled villi. The placenta at the 20th to 33rd week of gestation lacked labeling. From a technical point of view, it should be noted that cells in the foci showing @entity2 or coagulation @entity1 were labeled positively.

title: Apoptotic cells in the XXXX endometrium and placental villi: pitfalls in applying the TUNEL method.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To correlate angiographic and hemodynamic events in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), 14 @entity0 with @entity1 were investigated using pressure recordings and caudocranial left anterior oblique contrast angiography. @entity0 were separated into 2 groups on the basis of the presence (group I) or absence (group II) of systolic anterior motion of the anterior mitral leaflet on caudocranial angiography. In group I (10 @entity0 ), the pressure gradient could be recorded with the left ventricular (LV) catheter in the nonobliterated inflow region of the left ventricle. Simultaneous micromanometer tracings and caudocranial angiography revealed that contact between the anterior mitral leaflet and the ventricular septum was an early systolic event (occurring 136 +/- 33 ms after the R wave of the electrocardiogram) and was coincident with the onset of the pressure gradient. @entity2 was present in only 7 of 10 @entity0 in group I, and occurred late in systole well after the peak gradient (292 +/- 28 ms after the R wave). In group II (4 @entity0 ), the pressure gradients could be recorded only from the obliterated portion of the ventricle distal to the level of the papillary muscles. Total LV cavitary obliteration was present in all group II @entity0 . In 1 @entity0 , simultaneous micromanometer pressure recording and caudocranial angiography revealed that cavitary obliteration preceded the peak gradient by 40 ms. Thus, in group I @entity0 the onset of the pressure gradient is coincident with mitral leaflet-septal contact, while cavitary obliteration is an inconsistent late systolic event.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Angiographic and hemodynamic correlations in XXXX with intracavitary systolic pressure gradients.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A prospective trial was performed to better assess the risk of @entity1 and @entity2 and the rescue value of tropisetron (TRO), a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in 88 @entity0 undergoing fractionated radiotherapy to the abdomen or to large supradiaphragmatic fields and failing a first anti-emetic trial with @entity3 (MET). @entity1 was graded 0 (absent), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (severe). @entity1 requiring anti-emetics (> or = grade 2) was present in 64% of the @entity0 . MET was able to control @entity1 (< or = grade 1) in 26 of 58 @entity0 (45%) who developed > or = grade 2 @entity1 during radiation treatment (2 @entity0 @entity2 without @entity1 included). 34 @entity0 required TRO, and 31 experienced immediate relief. However, @entity1 (> or = grade 2) recurred in 7 @entity0 from 1 to 3 weeks after starting TRO. Sex, age, field type and field size (cm2) did not influence the incidence and severity of @entity1 and @entity2 . Only 24/88 @entity0 vomited after starting radiotherapy. MET helped to eliminate emesis in one third of these @entity0 . TRO helped to control @entity2 in 73% of the salvaged @entity0 . Constipation was observed in 8 @entity0 on TRO and was a reason to stop the medication in 4 cases.

title: @entity1 and @entity2 in fractionated radiotherapy: a prospective on-demand trial of tropisetron rescue for non-responders to XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A prospective trial was performed to better assess the risk of @entity1 and @entity2 and the rescue value of tropisetron (TRO), a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in 88 @entity0 undergoing fractionated radiotherapy to the abdomen or to large supradiaphragmatic fields and failing a first anti-emetic trial with @entity3 (MET). @entity1 was graded 0 (absent), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (severe). @entity1 requiring anti-emetics (> or = grade 2) was present in 64% of the @entity0 . MET was able to control @entity1 (< or = grade 1) in 26 of 58 @entity0 (45%) who developed > or = grade 2 @entity1 during radiation treatment (2 @entity0 @entity2 without @entity1 included). 34 @entity0 required TRO, and 31 experienced immediate relief. However, @entity1 (> or = grade 2) recurred in 7 @entity0 from 1 to 3 weeks after starting TRO. Sex, age, field type and field size (cm2) did not influence the incidence and severity of @entity1 and @entity2 . Only 24/88 @entity0 vomited after starting radiotherapy. MET helped to eliminate emesis in one third of these @entity0 . TRO helped to control @entity2 in 73% of the salvaged @entity0 . Constipation was observed in 8 @entity0 on TRO and was a reason to stop the medication in 4 cases.

title: @entity1 and XXXX in fractionated radiotherapy: a prospective on-demand trial of tropisetron rescue for non-responders to @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A prospective trial was performed to better assess the risk of @entity1 and @entity2 and the rescue value of tropisetron (TRO), a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, in 88 @entity0 undergoing fractionated radiotherapy to the abdomen or to large supradiaphragmatic fields and failing a first anti-emetic trial with @entity3 (MET). @entity1 was graded 0 (absent), 1 (mild), 2 (moderate) and 3 (severe). @entity1 requiring anti-emetics (> or = grade 2) was present in 64% of the @entity0 . MET was able to control @entity1 (< or = grade 1) in 26 of 58 @entity0 (45%) who developed > or = grade 2 @entity1 during radiation treatment (2 @entity0 @entity2 without @entity1 included). 34 @entity0 required TRO, and 31 experienced immediate relief. However, @entity1 (> or = grade 2) recurred in 7 @entity0 from 1 to 3 weeks after starting TRO. Sex, age, field type and field size (cm2) did not influence the incidence and severity of @entity1 and @entity2 . Only 24/88 @entity0 vomited after starting radiotherapy. MET helped to eliminate emesis in one third of these @entity0 . TRO helped to control @entity2 in 73% of the salvaged @entity0 . Constipation was observed in 8 @entity0 on TRO and was a reason to stop the medication in 4 cases.

title: XXXX and @entity2 in fractionated radiotherapy: a prospective on-demand trial of tropisetron rescue for non-responders to @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The morphology of @entity0 embryonic and fetal skin growth in organ culture at the air-medium interface was examined, and the labeling indices of the epidermal cells in such cultures were determined. The two-layered epidermis of embryonic specimens increased to five or six cell layers after 21 days in culture, and the periderm in such cultures changed from a flat cell type to one with many @entity3 . The organelles in the epidermal cells remained unchanged. Fetal epidermis, however, differentiated when grown in this organ culture system from three layers (basal, intermediate, and periderm) to an adult-type epidermis with basal, spinous, granular, and cornified cell layers. Keratohyalin granules, lamellar granules, and bundles of keratin filaments, organelles associated with epidermal cell differentiation, were observed in the suprabasal cells of such cultures. The periderm in these fetal cultures formed @entity3 early but was sloughed with the stratum corneum in older cultures. The rate of differentiation of the fetal epidermis in organ culture was related to the initial age of the specimen cultured, with the older specimens differentiating at a faster rate than the younger specimens. Labeling indices (LIs) of embryonic and fetal epidermis and periderm were determined. The @entity2 for embryonic basal cells was 8.5% and for periderm was 8%. The fetal LIs were 7% for basal cells, 1% for intermediate cells, and 3% for periderm. The ability to maintain viable pieces of skin in organ culture affords a model for studying normal and abnormal @entity0 epidermal differentiation from fetal biopsies and for investigating @entity1 .

title: Proliferation of XXXX embryonic and fetal epidermal cells in organ culture.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 continues increasing in frequency, its diagnosis is usually realized very late and the results of the surgery, that is the only possibility of cure, gives often a feeling of frustration. During the period between 1973 and 1992, 1032 @entity0 were diagnosed of @entity2 at the different hospital institutions of our region. The incidence has increased from 1.28 to 6.42 cases/100,000. The proportion male/female was 1.5/1. Mean age of the @entity0 was 67.5 +/- 11.35 and the median age was 65 years. In relation with the sex, the @entity0 age was higher: 70.2 +/- 11.81 (p < 0.01). The best diagnostic test was the CAT scan with 87.5 sensitivity. The overall resectability rate was low (11%), but there is a large difference between the beginning and the end of the period (6.8% and 14.1% respectively). Staging of the disease was stage IV in 36.4% of the cases. The 66.5% of the @entity0 underwent palliative surgery. Cholecystojejunostomy was the most frequent operation. It wasn't possible any surgical management at the 3.5% of the cases cause of the disease was very extended; laparotomy was the only method used in 18.7%. The average survival rate with exeresis surgery was 18 months; with palliative surgery, it was only of eight months. The natural history of @entity2 was situated at 5.57 +/- 2.63.

title: [Epidemiology of exocrine XXXX in the Principality of Asturias, 1973-1992].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The light-microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of two examples of a @entity1 of the @entity4 are reported. Both @entity0 were @entity0 , 56 and 52 years old. Gross @entity3 was the chief complaint and occurred for two days and two weeks, respectively, before presentation. Cystoscopy revealed a 2 X 1 X 1 cm mass located at the dome in case 1 and a 4 X 3 X 3 cm mass at the left posterior lateral wall in case 2. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of spindle, plump, or stellated fibroblast-like cells embedded in @entity6 with little collagen; mitotic figures were about 2 per 10 high-power fields, and both cases showed encroachment of the superficial muscle bundles. Because of bizarre spindle cell proliferation, occasional mitoses, and invasion to the underlying muscle, these lesions were initially diagnosed as @entity5 . However, follow-up examination disclosed the benign nature of these lesions. There was no previous instrumentation or surgery on the genitourinary tract. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies revealed the fibroblastic-myofibroblastic nature of these lesions. These cases illustrate that clinicopathologic correlation is essential to define certain @entity2 .

title: @entity1 of the XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The light-microscopic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of two examples of a @entity1 of the @entity4 are reported. Both @entity0 were @entity0 , 56 and 52 years old. Gross @entity3 was the chief complaint and occurred for two days and two weeks, respectively, before presentation. Cystoscopy revealed a 2 X 1 X 1 cm mass located at the dome in case 1 and a 4 X 3 X 3 cm mass at the left posterior lateral wall in case 2. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of spindle, plump, or stellated fibroblast-like cells embedded in @entity6 with little collagen; mitotic figures were about 2 per 10 high-power fields, and both cases showed encroachment of the superficial muscle bundles. Because of bizarre spindle cell proliferation, occasional mitoses, and invasion to the underlying muscle, these lesions were initially diagnosed as @entity5 . However, follow-up examination disclosed the benign nature of these lesions. There was no previous instrumentation or surgery on the genitourinary tract. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies revealed the fibroblastic-myofibroblastic nature of these lesions. These cases illustrate that clinicopathologic correlation is essential to define certain @entity2 .

title: XXXX of the @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The @entity2 Intervention Versus Observation Trial (PIVOT) compares radical prostatectomy with palliative expectant management of @entity0 with clinically localized prostate disease. As with all clinical trials, several of the assumptions underlying PIVOT are characterized by uncertainty. Economic analysis has the potential to clarify some of these important issues, thereby guiding study design and interpretation and enhancing the clinical usefulness of the findings. One important uncertainty about the trial relates to the true clinical state of potentially eligible @entity0 . While clinical examination is an insensitive method by which to @entity1 , several diagnostic tests, such as bone scanning and magnetic resonance imaging with rectal coil, are more accurate but more expensive. Another issue is whether to start the trial with the screening of @entity0 or at the time of @entity2 diagnosis. Economic analysis can assess these trade-offs between study cost and validity. A second potential role for health economics is in dealing with the considerable uncertainty surrounding the study's findings and conclusions and their interpretation. While the stated primary outcome of the trial is survival, a multidimensional outcome (particularly one that incorporates factors of survival, quality of life, and cost) is likely to be more clinically relevant in the @entity2 population, given the only modest improvements in survival hypothesized for radical prostatectomy. To develop such a measure, quantitative assessment of @entity0 preferences is required, in addition to the measures currently included in the study. Assessment of costs of care are important, given the large and growing size of the study's target population.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX Intervention Versus Observation Trial: economic analysis in study design and conditions of uncertainty.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 -modified low-density lipoprotein ( @entity4 -LDL) level is a marker of oxidative stress and is linked to progression of @entity5 ; however, the clinical factors affecting the oxidised LDL level have not been elucidated. We investigate various factors to identify correlation with @entity4 -LDL level in high-risk @entity0 requiring catheter intervention. SETTING: Secondary care (cardiology), single-centre study. @entity0 : 600 @entity0 who were admitted to our hospital and underwent cardiac catheterisation. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood samples were obtained to measure lipid profiles and @entity4 -LDL level. RESULTS: With regard to smoking status, @entity4 -LDL level was significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers. Of note, there was no improvement of @entity4 -LDL level even in @entity0 who had quit smoking. Multiple regression analysis showed that @entity4 -LDL level was positively correlated with LDL- @entity1 (LDL-C) level, Brinkman index and male gender. The correlation between smoking status and either @entity4 -LDL or LDL-C level was investigated in two groups: namely, @entity0 with and @entity0 without @entity3 treatment. In the non- @entity3 group, @entity4 -LDL level and @entity4 -LDL/LDL-C ratio were significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers, while no significant correlation was observed between smoking status and LDL-C level. In contrast, in the @entity3 group, there were no significant correlations between smoking status and any of the @entity1 parameters. CONCLUSIONS: We found that @entity4 -LDL level was affected by multiple factors, such as smoking status, LDL-C level and male gender. The present findings give additional evidence that smoking should be prohibited from a @entity4 -LDL standpoint. Furthermore, @entity3 therapy might have a beneficial effect on the reduction of @entity4 -LDL level.

title: Increase in the oxidised low-density lipoprotein level by smoking and the possible inhibitory effect of XXXX therapy in @entity0 with cardiovascular disease: a retrospective study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 -modified low-density lipoprotein ( @entity4 -LDL) level is a marker of oxidative stress and is linked to progression of @entity5 ; however, the clinical factors affecting the oxidised LDL level have not been elucidated. We investigate various factors to identify correlation with @entity4 -LDL level in high-risk @entity0 requiring catheter intervention. SETTING: Secondary care (cardiology), single-centre study. @entity0 : 600 @entity0 who were admitted to our hospital and underwent cardiac catheterisation. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood samples were obtained to measure lipid profiles and @entity4 -LDL level. RESULTS: With regard to smoking status, @entity4 -LDL level was significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers. Of note, there was no improvement of @entity4 -LDL level even in @entity0 who had quit smoking. Multiple regression analysis showed that @entity4 -LDL level was positively correlated with LDL- @entity1 (LDL-C) level, Brinkman index and male gender. The correlation between smoking status and either @entity4 -LDL or LDL-C level was investigated in two groups: namely, @entity0 with and @entity0 without @entity3 treatment. In the non- @entity3 group, @entity4 -LDL level and @entity4 -LDL/LDL-C ratio were significantly higher in ex-smokers/current smokers compared with non-smokers, while no significant correlation was observed between smoking status and LDL-C level. In contrast, in the @entity3 group, there were no significant correlations between smoking status and any of the @entity1 parameters. CONCLUSIONS: We found that @entity4 -LDL level was affected by multiple factors, such as smoking status, LDL-C level and male gender. The present findings give additional evidence that smoking should be prohibited from a @entity4 -LDL standpoint. Furthermore, @entity3 therapy might have a beneficial effect on the reduction of @entity4 -LDL level.

title: Increase in the oxidised low-density lipoprotein level by smoking and the possible inhibitory effect of @entity3 therapy in XXXX with cardiovascular disease: a retrospective study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Several transcription regulatory elements that interact with cellular DNA-binding proteins have been identified in the @entity6 long terminal repeat (LTR). We have identified two sequence motifs in the U3 region of the LTR that are similar to the consensus 9-bp DNA-binding element of the @entity8 ( @entity8 ) family of transcription factors. One of the sequences (promoter-proximal) mapped immediately upstream of the @entity5 element, whereas the other (promoter-distal) completely overlapped the @entity9 ( @entity9 ) binding site. In this study, we investigated the role of the enhancer-proximal consensus @entity8 binding sequence in the expression of the @entity6 LTR. In cotransfection assays we found that although this sequence is a functional @entity8 -responsive element, the regulation of the @entity3 promoter by @entity8 is very complex. @entity8 isoforms inhibited the @entity4 ( @entity7 )-stimulated @entity6 promoter activity in @entity0 @entity1 @entity0 and @entity2 SHSY5Y cells, but not in HeLa epithelial cells, and this inhibition required the @entity5 element. @entity8 also downregulated the @entity3 @entity5 element-containing SV40 early promoter activity, regardless of the presence of the flanking @entity8 -binding sequences, in the two brain-derived cells. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays with nuclear extracts from HeLa and @entity0 cells, purified @entity8 markedly increased the complex formation between endogenous proteins and the @entity5 DNA probe without detectable association with the complex. However, with extracts from @entity0 cells but not from HeLa cells, a slow migrating complex was observed. Our data suggest that the @entity8 family of transcription factors can downregulate the @entity6 promoter activity in CNS-derived cells through the @entity5 binding elements.

title: XXXX site-mediated negative regulation of the @entity6 promoter by CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins in brain-derived cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Several transcription regulatory elements that interact with cellular DNA-binding proteins have been identified in the @entity6 long terminal repeat (LTR). We have identified two sequence motifs in the U3 region of the LTR that are similar to the consensus 9-bp DNA-binding element of the @entity8 ( @entity8 ) family of transcription factors. One of the sequences (promoter-proximal) mapped immediately upstream of the @entity5 element, whereas the other (promoter-distal) completely overlapped the @entity9 ( @entity9 ) binding site. In this study, we investigated the role of the enhancer-proximal consensus @entity8 binding sequence in the expression of the @entity6 LTR. In cotransfection assays we found that although this sequence is a functional @entity8 -responsive element, the regulation of the @entity3 promoter by @entity8 is very complex. @entity8 isoforms inhibited the @entity4 ( @entity7 )-stimulated @entity6 promoter activity in @entity0 @entity1 @entity0 and @entity2 SHSY5Y cells, but not in HeLa epithelial cells, and this inhibition required the @entity5 element. @entity8 also downregulated the @entity3 @entity5 element-containing SV40 early promoter activity, regardless of the presence of the flanking @entity8 -binding sequences, in the two brain-derived cells. In electrophoretic mobility shift assays with nuclear extracts from HeLa and @entity0 cells, purified @entity8 markedly increased the complex formation between endogenous proteins and the @entity5 DNA probe without detectable association with the complex. However, with extracts from @entity0 cells but not from HeLa cells, a slow migrating complex was observed. Our data suggest that the @entity8 family of transcription factors can downregulate the @entity6 promoter activity in CNS-derived cells through the @entity5 binding elements.

title: @entity5 site-mediated negative regulation of the XXXX promoter by CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins in brain-derived cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: We have demonstrated that @entity7 (UTI) purified from @entity0 urine is able to inhibit lung @entity2 of @entity4 @entity1 (3LL) cells in experimental and spontaneous @entity2 models. In this study, we have investigated whether UTI in combination with an anti- @entity3 drug, @entity6 , can prevent @entity3 @entity2 and show an enhanced therapeutic effect. Subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation of 3LL cells (1 x 10(6) cells) in the abdominal wall of C57BL/6 female @entity4 resulted in macroscopic lung @entity2 within 21 days. Microscopic lung @entity2 was established by day 14 after @entity3 cell inoculation, and surgical treatment alone after this time resulted in no inhibition of lung @entity2 . The number of @entity3 colonies in the group of @entity4 which received surgery at day 21 was greater than in @entity4 which had @entity3 left in situ (P = 0.0017). Surgical treatment on day 7, followed by UTI administration (s.c.) for 7 days, led to a @entity5 compared with untreated animals. A significant inhibition of the formation of pulmonary @entity2 was obtained with daily s.c. injections of UTI for 7 days immediately after @entity3 cell inoculation. UTI administration did not affect the primary @entity3 size at the time of operation. In addition, @entity6 treatment alone led to a smaller primary @entity3 and yielded reduction of the formation of lung @entity2 in the group of @entity4 which received surgery at day 14 (P = 0.0026). Even in @entity4 which received surgical treatment on day 14, followed by the combination of UTI (500 micrograms per @entity4 , days 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20) with @entity6 (40 mg kg-1, days 14, 18 and 22), there was significant reduction of the formation of lung @entity2 (P = 0.0001). Thus, the combination of an anti-metastatic agent with an anti- @entity3 drug, @entity6 , might provide a therapeutically promising basis for anti-metastatic therapy.

title: Anti-metastatic therapy by XXXX in combination with an anti- @entity3 agent.

answer: @entity7


abstract: We have demonstrated that @entity7 (UTI) purified from @entity0 urine is able to inhibit lung @entity2 of @entity4 @entity1 (3LL) cells in experimental and spontaneous @entity2 models. In this study, we have investigated whether UTI in combination with an anti- @entity3 drug, @entity6 , can prevent @entity3 @entity2 and show an enhanced therapeutic effect. Subcutaneous (s.c.) implantation of 3LL cells (1 x 10(6) cells) in the abdominal wall of C57BL/6 female @entity4 resulted in macroscopic lung @entity2 within 21 days. Microscopic lung @entity2 was established by day 14 after @entity3 cell inoculation, and surgical treatment alone after this time resulted in no inhibition of lung @entity2 . The number of @entity3 colonies in the group of @entity4 which received surgery at day 21 was greater than in @entity4 which had @entity3 left in situ (P = 0.0017). Surgical treatment on day 7, followed by UTI administration (s.c.) for 7 days, led to a @entity5 compared with untreated animals. A significant inhibition of the formation of pulmonary @entity2 was obtained with daily s.c. injections of UTI for 7 days immediately after @entity3 cell inoculation. UTI administration did not affect the primary @entity3 size at the time of operation. In addition, @entity6 treatment alone led to a smaller primary @entity3 and yielded reduction of the formation of lung @entity2 in the group of @entity4 which received surgery at day 14 (P = 0.0026). Even in @entity4 which received surgical treatment on day 14, followed by the combination of UTI (500 micrograms per @entity4 , days 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20) with @entity6 (40 mg kg-1, days 14, 18 and 22), there was significant reduction of the formation of lung @entity2 (P = 0.0001). Thus, the combination of an anti-metastatic agent with an anti- @entity3 drug, @entity6 , might provide a therapeutically promising basis for anti-metastatic therapy.

title: Anti-metastatic therapy by @entity7 in combination with an anti- XXXX agent.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hetero-resistance vancomycin intermediate @entity0 ( @entity2 ) is phenotype, which on in-vitro susceptibility test is vancomycin susceptible (VSSA) but has a minority population of vancomycin intermediate ( @entity2 ). @entity2 is responsible for vancomycin treatment failure. Population Analysis Profile- Area under Curve (PAP-AUC) is a test for detection of @entity2 ; however, this test is unsuitable for clinical microbiology laboratory. Tests, such as Brain Heart Infusion Agar with 6   g/ml vancomycin (BHIA6V), E test and Macromethod E Test (MET) are available; however reported to have variable results. METHODS: 58 clinical isolates of Methicillin resistant @entity0 ( @entity0 ) having MIC of vancomycin more than 1   g/ml by E test and agar dilution were analyzed by PAP-AUC, BHIA6V and MET. RESULT: The prevalence of @entity2 was 6.9%. @entity2 isolates were having vancomycin E test MIC >2   g/ml. Sensitivity of BHIA6V, MET and E test with MIC >2   g/ml were 0.75, 0.67 and 1.0 respectively; however, positive predictive values ( @entity1 ) were 0.43, 0.4 and 0.27 respectively with PAP-AUC. PAP-AUC ratio correlated with MIC by E test and MET. CONCLUSIONS: There is need for screening @entity0 isolates showing in-vitro vancomycin susceptibility  <=2   g/ml by agar dilution method for detection of @entity2 . PAP-AUC test is unsuitable for routine laboratory testing. BHIA6V, MET and E test can be used for screening, however have low @entity1 .

title: Heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate among methicillin resistant XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether the addition of 0.4% ropivacaine to the standard 2% lidocaine peribulbar @entity2 improves @entity1 scores during suture adjustment in @entity0 undergoing strabismus surgery with adjustable sutures. METHODS: Prospective, double-blind study of 30 adult @entity0 aged 21-84 years scheduled for elective strabismus surgery with adjustable sutures. @entity0 were divided into two groups of 15 @entity0 each based on the local anesthetic. Group A received 2% lidocaine and Group B received 2% lidocaine/0.4% ropivacaine. @entity1 was assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) preoperatively and at 2, 4, and 6 hours postoperatively. The Lancaster red-green test was used to measure ocular motility at the same time points. RESULTS: The @entity1 scores in the two groups were low and similar at all measurement intervals. The VAS for Group A versus Group B at 2 hours (1.7 versus 2.4, P=0.5) and 4 hours (3.5 versus 3.7, P=0.8) showed no benefit from the addition of ropivacaine. At 6 hours, the VAS (3.7 versus 2.7) was not statistically significant, but the 95% confidence interval indicated that ropivacaine may provide some benefit. A repeated measures ANOVA did not find a statistically significant difference in VAS scores over time (P=0.9). In addition, the duration of @entity3 was comparable in both groups (P=0.7). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the 50:50 mixture of 2% lidocaine with 0.4% ropivacaine as compared to 2% lidocaine in peribulbar anesthetic blocks in adjustable-suture strabismus surgery does not produce significant improvements in @entity1 control during the postoperative and adjustment phases. In addition, ropivacaine did not impair return of full ocular motility at 6 hours, which is advantageous in adjustable-suture strabismus surgery.

title: The quest for effective XXXX control during suture adjustment after strabismus surgery: a study evaluating supplementation of 2% lidocaine with 0.4% ropivacaine.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are the second- and third-most commonly diagnosed @entity2 in the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system. While many studies have evaluated the treatment quality and outcomes of various aspects of VA @entity1 and @entity3 care, there are no known reviews synthesizing this information across studies. The purpose of this literature review was to describe @entity1 and @entity3 treatment (ie, surgical and nonsurgical) and outcomes (eg, mortality, psychosocial, and other) in the VA health care system as reported in the existing peer-reviewed scientific literature. We identified potential articles through a search of published literature using the PubMed electronic database. Our search strategy identified articles containing Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords addressing veterans or veterans' health and @entity1 and/or @entity3 . We limited articles to those published in the previous 11 years (January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2013). A total of 230 articles were retrieved through the search. After applying the selection criteria, we included 74 studies (34 @entity1 , 47 @entity3 , and seven both @entity1 and @entity3 ). VA provides a full array of treatments, often with better outcomes than other health care systems. More work is needed to assess @entity0 -reported outcomes.

title: Lung and XXXX treatment and outcomes in the Veterans Affairs health care system.

answer: @entity3


abstract: After the apparition of a @entity2 , 45 @entity0 (22 @entity0 and 23 @entity0 , with a mean age of 44 +/- 14.9 years) were treated with normovolaemic haemodilution performed with dextran 60. They were placed into 4 groups depending on their @entity1 : total loss: 10 cases; severe loss: 90 to 70 db. 13 cases; moderates loss: 65 to 40 db, 14 cases, slight loss: less than or equal to 35 db, 8 cases. The mean time between the onset of the @entity1 and treatment was 9.3 +/- 12.4 days. The initial mean haematocrit was 44.8 +/- 3.8% and mean haematocrit after haemodilution was 33.1 +/- 2.8%. For 51% of the @entity0 , an almost total recovery was obtained. In 15.5% of cases, recovery was between 25 to 50% of the @entity1 , and in 33.3% of the @entity0 recovery was negligible. We did not find any relationship between hearing recovery and initial haematocrit. The best results were obtained in the group of @entity0 treated early. Hearing gain was significatively better if delay in starting treatment was less than 7 days. There was a relationship between the initial @entity1 and the final recuperation. These results suggested that haemodilution increased labyrinth microcirculation and oxygenation of the cochlear sensory cells, reversing the ischaemic insult to these cells.

title: [Normovolemic hemodilution in the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effects were studied of normovolaemic haemodilution on postoperative traumatic @entity1 after surgical repair of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and on pedicle graft viability after excision of @entity4 of the floor of the mouth (CFM). Fourty @entity0 were studied: twenty operated on for @entity5 and twenty for CFM. These @entity0 were randomly assigned to the treated or the control groups. The treated ones were operated on under moderate normovolaemic haemodilution induced with a colloid solution (Plasmion). The subsequent haematocrits were 0.29 +/- 0.01 for the @entity5 group and 0.30 +/- 0.02 for the CFM group. The biometric parameters and the length of the surgical procedures were comparable for the two series. Operative @entity3 was less in the treated series (p less than 0.001 for the @entity5 group and p less than 0.01 for the CFM group), thus needing less blood transfusion (p less than 0.001). The postoperative @entity1 in the treated @entity5 series was less (p less than 0.001), although the oncotic pressure and the plasma osmolality were decreased in this series (p less than 0.05). On the other hand, viscosity in the hemodiluted series was significantly decreased in comparison with the control series (p less than 0.001). Graft viability was significantly improved in the treated series (p less than 0.05). Thus, normovolaemic haemodilution was a very useful adjunct in plastic and reconstructive surgery of the face and the mouth. This technique had three advantages: reduction of postoperative traumatic @entity1 after CFM repair, graft viability improvement after mouth @entity2 excision and blood saving in both procedures.

title: [Value of hemodilution in maxillofacial surgery for postoperative traumatic XXXX and graft viability].

answer: @entity1


abstract: In the present study we tested whether T cells retargeted with a bispecific antibody (bsAb) could block the growth of lung metastases of syngeneic @entity2 in immunocompetent @entity1 . BALB/c @entity1 were injected i.v. with @entity0 and i.p. with a genetically engineered bispecific F(ab')2 [bs(Fab')2] having specificity for @entity1 @entity3 epsilon chain and for the gp52 @entity1 @entity0 viral glycoprotein, which is expressed on the @entity0 cells. The bs(Fab')2 was physically stable in blood and serum, was removed from the body with a half-time of 12-15 h, and accumulated in lymphoid tissue where it bound to T cells. We show that treatment of @entity0 bearing @entity1 with the bs(Fab')2 significantly prolonged their survival relative to untreated controls. Two other genetically engineered bs(Fab')2s having specificity for @entity1 @entity3 epsilon chain and irrelevant antigens did not inhibit @entity0 growth. In addition, survival was not affected by bsAb therapy using a variant @entity0 cell line that expressed low levels of the gp52 target antigen. Inhibition of @entity0 growth was even more evident by histologic analysis. Treatment with the relevant bs(Fab')2 resulted in a marked @entity0 burden in lung sections taken on days 7, 9 and 11. This is the first report demonstrating that a bsAb can inhibit the growth of syngeneic solid @entity0 metastases in @entity1 without addition of T cell activators.

title: A bispecific antibody prolongs survival in @entity1 bearing lung metastases of syngeneic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the present study we tested whether T cells retargeted with a bispecific antibody (bsAb) could block the growth of lung metastases of syngeneic @entity2 in immunocompetent @entity1 . BALB/c @entity1 were injected i.v. with @entity0 and i.p. with a genetically engineered bispecific F(ab')2 [bs(Fab')2] having specificity for @entity1 @entity3 epsilon chain and for the gp52 @entity1 @entity0 viral glycoprotein, which is expressed on the @entity0 cells. The bs(Fab')2 was physically stable in blood and serum, was removed from the body with a half-time of 12-15 h, and accumulated in lymphoid tissue where it bound to T cells. We show that treatment of @entity0 bearing @entity1 with the bs(Fab')2 significantly prolonged their survival relative to untreated controls. Two other genetically engineered bs(Fab')2s having specificity for @entity1 @entity3 epsilon chain and irrelevant antigens did not inhibit @entity0 growth. In addition, survival was not affected by bsAb therapy using a variant @entity0 cell line that expressed low levels of the gp52 target antigen. Inhibition of @entity0 growth was even more evident by histologic analysis. Treatment with the relevant bs(Fab')2 resulted in a marked @entity0 burden in lung sections taken on days 7, 9 and 11. This is the first report demonstrating that a bsAb can inhibit the growth of syngeneic solid @entity0 metastases in @entity1 without addition of T cell activators.

title: A bispecific antibody prolongs survival in XXXX bearing lung metastases of syngeneic @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity11 aortic dissection still presents an emergency situation in cardiac surgery that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. There has been a significant improvement in the surgical outcome since the introduction of deep @entity15 and @entity12 . In this study, we discuss our results after operative repair of ascending @entity13 , using deep @entity15 and @entity12 . This study presents the results of 67 @entity0 (43 @entity0 , 24 @entity0 ) from 18 through 81 years of age (mean, 54 years) who underwent surgery for type A dissecting @entity6 over a period of 4 years. @entity11 dissection (52 acute and 15 chronic cases) was due to @entity14 in 12 @entity0 , to @entity9 of the aorta in 27 @entity0 , and to @entity3 in 1 @entity0 . @entity2 as the only pathologic finding was observed in 27 @entity0 . @entity15 (confirmed by isoelectric electroencephalogram) and @entity12 were induced in all @entity0 . Two @entity0 died intraoperatively due to @entity7 (intraoperative mortality, 3%). The 30-day mortality rate was 30% (n = 20). Causes of perioperative @entity4 in order of frequency were @entity10 (n = 11), @entity8 (n = 2), @entity1 (n = 2), cerebrovascular insult (n = 2), and @entity5 (n = 1). The mean intensive care unit stay of the surviving 47 @entity0 (72%) was 8 days, followed by a mean of 21 additional days in the hospital. Our experience with profound @entity15 and @entity12 , used in combination with coated grafts, supports our conviction that this is the method of choice for the treatment of type A dissecting @entity6 .

title: Surgical treatment of type A XXXX . Results with profound @entity15 and @entity12 .

answer: @entity13


abstract: @entity11 aortic dissection still presents an emergency situation in cardiac surgery that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. There has been a significant improvement in the surgical outcome since the introduction of deep @entity15 and @entity12 . In this study, we discuss our results after operative repair of ascending @entity13 , using deep @entity15 and @entity12 . This study presents the results of 67 @entity0 (43 @entity0 , 24 @entity0 ) from 18 through 81 years of age (mean, 54 years) who underwent surgery for type A dissecting @entity6 over a period of 4 years. @entity11 dissection (52 acute and 15 chronic cases) was due to @entity14 in 12 @entity0 , to @entity9 of the aorta in 27 @entity0 , and to @entity3 in 1 @entity0 . @entity2 as the only pathologic finding was observed in 27 @entity0 . @entity15 (confirmed by isoelectric electroencephalogram) and @entity12 were induced in all @entity0 . Two @entity0 died intraoperatively due to @entity7 (intraoperative mortality, 3%). The 30-day mortality rate was 30% (n = 20). Causes of perioperative @entity4 in order of frequency were @entity10 (n = 11), @entity8 (n = 2), @entity1 (n = 2), cerebrovascular insult (n = 2), and @entity5 (n = 1). The mean intensive care unit stay of the surviving 47 @entity0 (72%) was 8 days, followed by a mean of 21 additional days in the hospital. Our experience with profound @entity15 and @entity12 , used in combination with coated grafts, supports our conviction that this is the method of choice for the treatment of type A dissecting @entity6 .

title: Surgical treatment of type A @entity13 . Results with profound XXXX and @entity12 .

answer: @entity15


abstract: @entity11 aortic dissection still presents an emergency situation in cardiac surgery that is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. There has been a significant improvement in the surgical outcome since the introduction of deep @entity15 and @entity12 . In this study, we discuss our results after operative repair of ascending @entity13 , using deep @entity15 and @entity12 . This study presents the results of 67 @entity0 (43 @entity0 , 24 @entity0 ) from 18 through 81 years of age (mean, 54 years) who underwent surgery for type A dissecting @entity6 over a period of 4 years. @entity11 dissection (52 acute and 15 chronic cases) was due to @entity14 in 12 @entity0 , to @entity9 of the aorta in 27 @entity0 , and to @entity3 in 1 @entity0 . @entity2 as the only pathologic finding was observed in 27 @entity0 . @entity15 (confirmed by isoelectric electroencephalogram) and @entity12 were induced in all @entity0 . Two @entity0 died intraoperatively due to @entity7 (intraoperative mortality, 3%). The 30-day mortality rate was 30% (n = 20). Causes of perioperative @entity4 in order of frequency were @entity10 (n = 11), @entity8 (n = 2), @entity1 (n = 2), cerebrovascular insult (n = 2), and @entity5 (n = 1). The mean intensive care unit stay of the surviving 47 @entity0 (72%) was 8 days, followed by a mean of 21 additional days in the hospital. Our experience with profound @entity15 and @entity12 , used in combination with coated grafts, supports our conviction that this is the method of choice for the treatment of type A dissecting @entity6 .

title: Surgical treatment of type A @entity13 . Results with profound @entity15 and XXXX .

answer: @entity12


abstract: A simple and inexpensive test for mass examination of the functional activity of serum antibodies was developed. The test is based on a kinetic serologic reaction that reflects the time course of changes in antibody titers depending on the time of contact of the tested material with antigen. The curves of serum kinetic titration were processed on a computer by the special programme. As a result, an integral factor, an @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was calculated for each serum sample under study. The titers and @entity3 were determined in more than 2,000 healthy @entity0 , @entity0 with @entity2 A and B, and those immunized with different @entity2 vaccines. The @entity0 having similar antibody titers were demonstrated to greatly differ in @entity3 . The functional activity of antibodies is a more precise marker of protection from @entity2 than the routine quantitative characteristics of antibodies, i.e. titers. The high baseline @entity3 decreased the severity of @entity1 . Live @entity2 vaccines stimulated the production of antibodies having higher @entity3 than inactivated ones. The live @entity2 strains (candidates for vaccine ones) significantly differed in their ability to stimulate the production of antibodies having a high functional activity.

title: [Significance of the functional activity of antibodies in XXXX immunity].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of a blood transfusion in a @entity0 population with @entity2 that was treated with combined therapy (surgery and radiation). DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized end point study. Univariate and multivariate analysis of 24 variables, including transfusion status. SETTING: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study (Cooperative Studies Program 268). @entity0 : @entity0 in the surgical arm of the study (166 @entity0 ) underwent surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for advanced (stage III and IV) @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification of variables related to @entity0 time to @entity3 . RESULTS: The univariate analysis identified age, clinical N (lymph node) class, primary @entity1 site, number of pathologically positive lymph nodes, extracapsular spread, pretreatment screening hematocrit, hematocrit and @entity4 level at 1 month after treatment, intraoperative fluids and units of blood, and total units of blood as significant (P < .05). The stepwise multivariate models identified independent significance in clinical and pathologic node status, hematocrits at both screening and 1 month, extracapsular spread, @entity4 level at 1 month, age, and primary site. The position of each variable within the individual regression models varied. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical N class or pathologic node status occupied the first position of predictive significance in all models. Blood transfusion status never retained independent significance in any multivariate assessment.

title: Blood transfusion as a risk factor for XXXX in stage III and IV operative @entity1 . The Department of Veterans Affairs @entity1 Study Group.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of a blood transfusion in a @entity0 population with @entity2 that was treated with combined therapy (surgery and radiation). DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized end point study. Univariate and multivariate analysis of 24 variables, including transfusion status. SETTING: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study (Cooperative Studies Program 268). @entity0 : @entity0 in the surgical arm of the study (166 @entity0 ) underwent surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for advanced (stage III and IV) @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification of variables related to @entity0 time to @entity3 . RESULTS: The univariate analysis identified age, clinical N (lymph node) class, primary @entity1 site, number of pathologically positive lymph nodes, extracapsular spread, pretreatment screening hematocrit, hematocrit and @entity4 level at 1 month after treatment, intraoperative fluids and units of blood, and total units of blood as significant (P < .05). The stepwise multivariate models identified independent significance in clinical and pathologic node status, hematocrits at both screening and 1 month, extracapsular spread, @entity4 level at 1 month, age, and primary site. The position of each variable within the individual regression models varied. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical N class or pathologic node status occupied the first position of predictive significance in all models. Blood transfusion status never retained independent significance in any multivariate assessment.

title: Blood transfusion as a risk factor for @entity3 in stage III and IV operative XXXX . The Department of Veterans Affairs @entity1 Study Group.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of a blood transfusion in a @entity0 population with @entity2 that was treated with combined therapy (surgery and radiation). DESIGN: Retrospective, nonrandomized end point study. Univariate and multivariate analysis of 24 variables, including transfusion status. SETTING: The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study (Cooperative Studies Program 268). @entity0 : @entity0 in the surgical arm of the study (166 @entity0 ) underwent surgery and postoperative radiation therapy for advanced (stage III and IV) @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification of variables related to @entity0 time to @entity3 . RESULTS: The univariate analysis identified age, clinical N (lymph node) class, primary @entity1 site, number of pathologically positive lymph nodes, extracapsular spread, pretreatment screening hematocrit, hematocrit and @entity4 level at 1 month after treatment, intraoperative fluids and units of blood, and total units of blood as significant (P < .05). The stepwise multivariate models identified independent significance in clinical and pathologic node status, hematocrits at both screening and 1 month, extracapsular spread, @entity4 level at 1 month, age, and primary site. The position of each variable within the individual regression models varied. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical N class or pathologic node status occupied the first position of predictive significance in all models. Blood transfusion status never retained independent significance in any multivariate assessment.

title: Blood transfusion as a risk factor for @entity3 in stage III and IV operative @entity1 . The Department of Veterans Affairs XXXX Study Group.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine retrospectively consecutive @entity0 treated with @entity4 laser excision of @entity5 for the patterns of recurrence based on the location of the initial @entity1 and on the @entity1 stage. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary care center including a university hospital and a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PROCEDURES AND @entity0 : Sixty-one procedures performed on 51 consecutive @entity0 . The only @entity0 not included were three who were unavailable for follow-up. The average follow-up was 32 months. If the @entity0 whose follow-up was limited because of @entity3 are excluded, the average follow-up was 40 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of recurrence, time to recurrence, development of second intraoral primary lesions or pulmonary metastases, and cause of @entity3 . RESULTS: A nearly equal incidence of recurrence irrespective of site of lesion (tongue, 42%; floor of mouth, 40%; and other oral cavity sites, 45%). Determinate survival differed by stage. @entity0 with T1 lesions showed a determinate survival rate of 80%; those with T2 or T3 lesions had a determinate survival rate of 57%; and those treated for recurrent disease had a determinate survival rate of 44%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 laser excision of @entity5 is a useful, advantageous method, but it appears to offer no advantage for recurrence over standard methods. Appropriate management of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity5 must be carefully considered. @entity0 with this potentially aggressive form of @entity1 deserve long-term follow-up.

title: Patterns of recurrence after @entity4 laser excision of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine retrospectively consecutive @entity0 treated with @entity4 laser excision of @entity5 for the patterns of recurrence based on the location of the initial @entity1 and on the @entity1 stage. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Tertiary care center including a university hospital and a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PROCEDURES AND @entity0 : Sixty-one procedures performed on 51 consecutive @entity0 . The only @entity0 not included were three who were unavailable for follow-up. The average follow-up was 32 months. If the @entity0 whose follow-up was limited because of @entity3 are excluded, the average follow-up was 40 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of recurrence, time to recurrence, development of second intraoral primary lesions or pulmonary metastases, and cause of @entity3 . RESULTS: A nearly equal incidence of recurrence irrespective of site of lesion (tongue, 42%; floor of mouth, 40%; and other oral cavity sites, 45%). Determinate survival differed by stage. @entity0 with T1 lesions showed a determinate survival rate of 80%; those with T2 or T3 lesions had a determinate survival rate of 57%; and those treated for recurrent disease had a determinate survival rate of 44%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 laser excision of @entity5 is a useful, advantageous method, but it appears to offer no advantage for recurrence over standard methods. Appropriate management of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity5 must be carefully considered. @entity0 with this potentially aggressive form of @entity1 deserve long-term follow-up.

title: Patterns of recurrence after XXXX laser excision of @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity3 cell lines GLC-2 and DMS 456 were genetically labeled with the lacZ gene and examined for invasive and metastatic potential in META/Bom @entity2 . The lacZ gene encodes the enzyme beta-D- galactosidase, and cells expressing this enzyme were identified by staining with the chromogenic substrate X-gal. lacZ expressing cells were investigated after subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation and intravenous (i.v.) injection. The X-gal detection of beta-D-galactosidase activity proved to be a rapid and easy means for specific and highly sensitive identification of @entity0 . All primary s.c. @entity1 stained by X-gal. The @entity1 of GLC-2 regularly demonstrated local invasive growth and produced multiple @entity0 in several organs. In contrast, primary DMS 456 @entity1 only occasionally demonstrated local invasion and very rarely generated secondary foci. No experimental @entity0 were found after i.v. injection of the examined @entity1 lines. The results indicate an intratumoral heterogeneity among @entity1 in the capacity for invasion and metastatic spread. The different metastatic pattern of GLC-2 after s.c. and i.v. inoculation supports the hypothesis that initial steps of the metastatic cascade occurring in the @entity1 are necessary for the subsequent production of growing @entity0 .

title: Dissemination in athymic @entity2 of lacZ transfected XXXX cells identified by X-gal staining.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity3 cell lines GLC-2 and DMS 456 were genetically labeled with the lacZ gene and examined for invasive and metastatic potential in META/Bom @entity2 . The lacZ gene encodes the enzyme beta-D- galactosidase, and cells expressing this enzyme were identified by staining with the chromogenic substrate X-gal. lacZ expressing cells were investigated after subcutaneous (s.c.) inoculation and intravenous (i.v.) injection. The X-gal detection of beta-D-galactosidase activity proved to be a rapid and easy means for specific and highly sensitive identification of @entity0 . All primary s.c. @entity1 stained by X-gal. The @entity1 of GLC-2 regularly demonstrated local invasive growth and produced multiple @entity0 in several organs. In contrast, primary DMS 456 @entity1 only occasionally demonstrated local invasion and very rarely generated secondary foci. No experimental @entity0 were found after i.v. injection of the examined @entity1 lines. The results indicate an intratumoral heterogeneity among @entity1 in the capacity for invasion and metastatic spread. The different metastatic pattern of GLC-2 after s.c. and i.v. inoculation supports the hypothesis that initial steps of the metastatic cascade occurring in the @entity1 are necessary for the subsequent production of growing @entity0 .

title: Dissemination in athymic XXXX of lacZ transfected @entity3 cells identified by X-gal staining.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: We developed a novel procedure for laparoscopic suprapancreatic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) dissection, which is compulsory and quite difficult for @entity0 with advanced @entity3 .1 (-) 3 METHODS: We dissected suprapancreatic LNs from the left to the right side. The No. 11p LNs were dissected first, followed by the No. 9, 7, and 8a LNs. Dissection of the No. 5 and 12a LNs was completed last. The above procedure was performed on 814 consecutive @entity0 with stage cT2-3 disease. RESULTS: Mean operation time was 186.9      56.4  min (range 80-480  min), mean @entity1 was 76.6      106.8  ml (range 3-500  ml), and mean times to first flatus, fluid diet, and soft diet were 3.7      1.2  days (range 1-9  days), 5.2      1.7  days (range 2-14  days), and 8.3      2.2  days (range 5-20  days), respectively. A mean 34.5      12.9 LNs (range 22-103) were retrieved, including a mean 12.4      5.7 (range 0-35) suprapancreatic area LNs. Overall postoperative morbidity rate was 14.7  % (120/814), including three cases of @entity5 . All of these @entity2 were successfully treated by conservative methods. At a median follow-up of 27  months (range 1-63), cumulative 3-year overall survival was 59.2  %. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic suprapancreatic @entity4 dissection using a left-sided approach could be safely achieved and is more convenient for advanced @entity3 .

title: Laparoscopic Suprapancreatic Lymph Node Dissection for Advanced XXXX Using a Left-Sided Approach.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Limited data are available regarding the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly the new generation 3 Tesla technology, and especially diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting @entity3 . The aim of our pilot study was to assess the clinical performance of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of liver parenchyma for the assessment of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: 18 @entity0 with biopsy-proven @entity2 underwent DWI with 3 Tesla MRI. DWI was performed with single-shot echo-planar technique at b values of 0-500 and 0-1000 s/mm(2). ADC was measured in four locations in the liver and the mean ADC value was used for analysis. Staging of @entity1 was performed according to the METAVIR system. RESULTS: The median age of @entity0 was 52 years (range 23-73). The distribution of @entity0 in different @entity1 stages was: 0 (n=1), 1 (n=7), 2 (n=1), 3 (n=5), 4 (n=4). @entity1 stage was poorly associated with ADC at b value of 0-500 s/mm(2) (r= -0.30, P=0.27). However it was significantly associated with ADC at b value of 0-1000 s/mm(2) (r= -0.57, P=0.01). For this b value (0-1000 s/mm(2)) the area under receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.93 for @entity1 stage >= 3 and the optimal ADC cut-off value was 1.16 *10(-3) mm(2)/s. CONCLUSION: 3 Tesla DWI can possibly predict the presence of advanced @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Value of 3 Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for assessing XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) produced by @entity1 have increasingly given rise to @entity0 health and food safety. Genetically engineered small molecular antibody is a useful tool in immuno-detection and treatment for clinical illness caused by @entity2 . In this study, we constructed the @entity3 -VH tail-parallel genetically engineered antibody against @entity2 by using the repertoire of rearranged germ-line immunoglobulin variable region genes. Total RNA were extracted from six hybridoma cell lines that stably express anti- @entity2 antibodies. The variable region genes of light chain ( @entity3 ) and heavy chain (VH) were cloned by reverse transcription PCR, and their classical murine antibody structure and functional V(D)J gene rearrangement were analyzed. To construct the eukaryotic VH- @entity3 tail-parallel co-expression vectors based on the "5'-VH-ivs-IRES- @entity3 -3'" mode, the ivs-IRES fragment and @entity3 genes were spliced by two-step overlap extension PCR, and then, the recombined gene fragment and VH genes were inserted into the pcDNA3.1(+) expression vector sequentially. And then the constructed eukaryotic expression clones termed as p2C2HILO and p5C12HILO were transfected into baby hamster kidney 21 cell line, respectively. Two clonal cell lines stably expressing @entity3 -VH tail-parallel antibodies against @entity2 were obtained, and the antibodies that expressed intracytoplasma were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence assay, and flow cytometry. @entity2 can stimulate the expression of some chemokines and chemokine receptors in porcine IPEC- @entity0 cells; mRNA transcription level of four chemokines and chemokine receptors can be blocked by the recombinant SE antibody prepared in this study. Our results showed that it is possible to get functional @entity3 -VH tail-parallel genetically engineered antibodies in same vector using eukaryotic expression system.

title: Construction and characterization of XXXX -V H tail-parallel genetically engineered antibodies against staphylococcal enterotoxins.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In the 32-month period between April, 1978, and December, 1980, 292 @entity0 , divided into two equal groups, received a @entity1 porcine bioprosthesis--either Hancock or Carpentier-Edwards (CE)--as mitral valve substitute. Every @entity0 receiving a mitral porcine xenograft during that time was included in the study. The type of bioprosthesis was always selected by the surgeon and not randomly. Preoperative clinical characteristics, associated surgical procedures, valve implantation sizes, and follow-up data showed no relevant differences between the two groups. There were three instances of primary tissue failure in the Hancock group and six in the CE (linearized rates of 0.49 and 0.97 events percentage of @entity0 /years, respectively). Mean duration of explanted valves and microscopic findings were similar in both groups. Primary tissue failure was more frequent in @entity0 under 40 years of age in both groups, although differences were not statistically significant. A marginally significant trend toward greater incidence of tissue failure in @entity0 of 40 years of age and older was seen in the CE group when compared with the Hancock group. Actuarial survival of the bioprostheses free from primary tissue failure was 6.5 years of 95 +/- 3% (mean +/- standard error) for Hancock and 84 +/- 9% for CE (p = NS). No significant difference in terms of durability has been found between the two most popular @entity1 porcine bioprostheses, although the behavior of the CE in @entity0 older than 40 years should be reassessed in a study with a larger number of @entity0 and a longer follow-up period.

title: Primary tissue valve degeneration in XXXX -preserved porcine bioprostheses: Hancock I versus Carpentier-Edwards at 4- to 7-years' follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that only one hour of preinduction skin-surface warming decreases the rate at which @entity1 develops during the first hour of anesthesia. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective study. SETTING: Operating theater of a university hospital. @entity0 : 16 ASA status I and II adult @entity0 scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS: Eight @entity0 were assigned to receive forced-air warming for one hour before induction of anesthesia (prewarmed group); the other eight @entity0 were covered only with a wool blanket during a similar preinduction period (control group). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Tympanic membrane (core) and mean skin-surface temperatures were measured at 15-minutes intervals, starting one hour before induction of anesthesia. Mean skin temperature increased from 34.0 +/- 0.1 C to 37.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C in the pre-warmed group (p < 0.05), but remained unchanged at 34.7 +/- 0.3 degrees C in the control group. Core temperature during the preinduction period did not change significantly in either group. Following induction of anesthesia, core temperature decreased at a rate of 1.1 +/- 0.1 degrees C/hr in the control group, but only 0.6 +/- 0.1 degrees C/hr in the pre-warmed group (p < 0.05). After one hour of anesthesia, six of eight pre-warmed @entity0 had core temperatures of at least 36.5 degrees C, whereas only one of the eight control @entity0 did (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A single hour of preoperative skin-surface warming reduced the rate at which @entity1 developed during the first hour of anesthesia. Preoperative skin surface warming is particularly helpful during short procedures because redistribution @entity1 is otherwise difficult to treat.

title: Pre-induction skin-surface warming minimizes intraoperative XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To highlight the clinical features of @entity7 that might facilitate earlier diagnosis. METHODOLOGY: Fifteen year retrospective review of proven neonatal HSV cases from a regional neonatal referral unit. RESULTS: Fifteen cases reviewed: 10 with central nervous system (CNS) disease, three with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) disease and two with disseminated disease (DIS). A median 4 day delay occurred between symptom onset and hospital admission. All cases presented after maternity hospital discharge, most commonly with feeding problems and lethargy. Six @entity0 presented with @entity1 ; parental @entity6 was reported in three (20%) cases. Seven @entity0 died, four without @entity3 treatment and three of 11 treated cases. Three of five @entity4 survivors and all @entity0 with @entity5 disease were normal at follow up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 improves outcome in neonatal @entity2 . To improve outcome further earlier recognition of the non-specific presenting features of the disease is required.

title: XXXX : keys to early diagnosis.

answer: @entity7


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Repeat hepatic resection has previously been reported as the most effective treatment for recurrence of @entity3 . To the best of our knowledge, en bloc resection of recurrent @entity2 directly invading the abdominal wall has not been previously reported. CASE PRESENTATION: In September 2012, a 64-year-old Chinese male @entity0 was referred to our hospital because of primary @entity2 located in Couinaud's segments III and V. Our @entity0 first had a hepatectomy of the liver. Ten months later, he presented with an abdominal wall mass and upper @entity4 . Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans demonstrated a 10cm @entity1 in his left liver with extrahepatic metastases in his abdominal wall. It was determined that he had recurrent @entity2 associated with direct invasion into his abdominal wall. He had an en bloc left hepatectomy with resection of the @entity1 in his abdominal wall. A pathological examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of @entity2 involving the abdominal wall. Disease-free margins of resection were achieved. Our @entity0 's postoperative course was uneventful. Eight months after the last surgery, our @entity0 died owing to recurrence and distal metastasis. CONCLUSION: Direct invasion of @entity2 into the abdominal wall is rarely encountered. Complete surgical resection should be considered in @entity0 with an appropriate hepatic functional reserve, with consideration of the technical difficulty relating to @entity1 involvement with surrounding tissues.

title: Successful en bloc resection of recurrent XXXX directly invading the abdominal wall: a case report.

answer: @entity2