abstract: UNASSIGNED: Chromosomal aberrations have significant prognostic importance in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, proteasome inhibitors (PI) and IMiDs may partly overcome the poor prognostic impact of some of them. In this study, we investigated a population-based consecutive cohort newly diagnosed @entity0 with @entity3 admitted during a defined time period to hospitals in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. The impact of treatment modality on the prognostic importance of specific chromosomal aberration was investigated, with special reference to gain 1q21. The median follow-up of @entity0 still alive at analysis was 40  months for the high-dose (HDT)-treated ones and 29  months for the whole population. Three hundred forty-seven @entity0 with a known 1q21 status were included in this study. The 347 @entity0 were divided into three groups, that is, 119 @entity0 with the 1q21 gain, 105 @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), that is, del(13q), del(17p), t(4,14), and/or (14;16), and 123 @entity0 with no aberrations (NA). The groups were compared in terms of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and response. The 3-yr @entity2 for @entity0 with gain 1q21 was 60% compared to @entity0 with @entity4 74% and NO 82% (gain 1q21 vs. NO P  <  0.001; gain 1q21 vs. @entity4 P  =  0.095). If treated with PI or IMiDs, the 3-yr @entity2 was 58% for @entity0 with gain 1q21 compared to @entity0 with @entity4 78% and NO 78%, respectively (P  =  0.041, P  =  0.140). In HDT @entity0 , the 3-yr @entity2 was 69% for @entity0 with gain 1q21 compared to @entity0 with @entity4 84% and NO 88%, respectively (P  <  0.008, P  =  0.600). Thus, neither HDT nor using PI or IMiDs could overcome the poor prognostic impact of gain 1q21, while these drugs and HDT seemed to improve @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 , approaching the survival in NO. Further, gain 1q21 appears to be one of the most important poor prognostic chromosomal aberrations in @entity3 with current treatments. Trials using new drugs or allogeneic transplantation are warranted.

title: Proteasome inhibitors and IMiDs can overcome some high-risk cytogenetics in XXXX but not gain 1q21.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Osteocytes are major bone cells that play a crucial role in maintaining the quality of and healing damage to bone tissue. The number of living osteocytes and canalicular networks declines in an age-dependent manner. However, the pathological effects of mitochondrial redox imbalances on osteocytes and bone metabolism have not been fully elucidated. We generated @entity0 lacking mitochondrial @entity2 dismutase 2 ( @entity1 ) in osteocytes. Like an aged bone, @entity1 depletion in the osteocytes positively enhanced the production of cellular @entity2 in vivo. A bone morphological analysis demonstrated that the @entity1 -deficient femurs showed remarkable @entity3 in an age-dependent manner. Interestingly, @entity1 loss induced markedly disorganized osteocytic canalicular networks and decreased the number of live osteocytes. Furthermore, @entity1 deficiency significantly suppressed bone formation and increased bone resorption concomitant with the upregulation of sclerostin and receptor activator of NF-kB ligand ( @entity5 ). In vitro experiments also revealed that treatment with @entity6 , a @entity2 inducer in mitochondria, promoted the @entity5 expression via, in part, ERK phosphorylation. These findings demonstrate that the mitochondrial @entity2 induced in osteocytes by @entity1 ablation causes age-related @entity3 due to the @entity4 via the deregulation of the sclerostin and @entity5 expression.

title: Mitochondrial XXXX in osteocytes perturbs canalicular networks in the setting of age-related osteoporosis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 affect nearly one in 11 @entity0 in the United States, and among those experiencing symptoms, emergency care is common. In this population, little is known about the incidence of and factors associated with repeat @entity1 ( @entity1 ) visits. The objective was to identify associations between potentially mutable factors and the risk of an @entity1 revisit for @entity0 with @entity2 in a large, all-payer cohort. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all @entity0 in California initially treated and released from EDs for @entity2 between February 2008 and November 2009. A multivariable regression model was created to identify associations between @entity0 -level characteristics, area health care resources, processes of care, and the risk of repeat @entity1 visits. The primary outcome was a second @entity1 visit within 30 days of the initial discharge from emergent care. RESULTS: Among 128,564 @entity0 discharged from emergent care, 13,684 (11%) had at least one additional emergent visit for treatment of their @entity2 . In these @entity0 , nearly one in three required hospitalization or an urgent temporizing procedure at the second visit. On multivariable analysis, the risk of an @entity1 revisit was associated with insurance status (e.g., Medicaid vs. private insurance; odds ratio [OR] = 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43 to 1.61; p < 0.001). Greater access to urologic care was associated with lower odds of an @entity1 revisit (highest quartile OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.80 to 0.97; p < 0.01 vs. lowest quartile). In exploratory models, performance of a complete blood count was associated with a decreased odds of revisit (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.75 to 0.97; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Repeat high-acuity care affects one in nine @entity0 discharged from initial emergent evaluations for @entity2 . Access to urologic care and processes of care are associated with lower risk of repeat emergent encounters. Efforts are indicated to identify preventable causes of @entity1 revisits for @entity2 @entity0 and design interventions to reduce the risk of high-cost, high-acuity, repeat care.

title: Emergency department revisits for @entity0 with XXXX in California.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 affect nearly one in 11 @entity0 in the United States, and among those experiencing symptoms, emergency care is common. In this population, little is known about the incidence of and factors associated with repeat @entity1 ( @entity1 ) visits. The objective was to identify associations between potentially mutable factors and the risk of an @entity1 revisit for @entity0 with @entity2 in a large, all-payer cohort. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all @entity0 in California initially treated and released from EDs for @entity2 between February 2008 and November 2009. A multivariable regression model was created to identify associations between @entity0 -level characteristics, area health care resources, processes of care, and the risk of repeat @entity1 visits. The primary outcome was a second @entity1 visit within 30 days of the initial discharge from emergent care. RESULTS: Among 128,564 @entity0 discharged from emergent care, 13,684 (11%) had at least one additional emergent visit for treatment of their @entity2 . In these @entity0 , nearly one in three required hospitalization or an urgent temporizing procedure at the second visit. On multivariable analysis, the risk of an @entity1 revisit was associated with insurance status (e.g., Medicaid vs. private insurance; odds ratio [OR] = 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43 to 1.61; p < 0.001). Greater access to urologic care was associated with lower odds of an @entity1 revisit (highest quartile OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.80 to 0.97; p < 0.01 vs. lowest quartile). In exploratory models, performance of a complete blood count was associated with a decreased odds of revisit (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.75 to 0.97; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Repeat high-acuity care affects one in nine @entity0 discharged from initial emergent evaluations for @entity2 . Access to urologic care and processes of care are associated with lower risk of repeat emergent encounters. Efforts are indicated to identify preventable causes of @entity1 revisits for @entity2 @entity0 and design interventions to reduce the risk of high-cost, high-acuity, repeat care.

title: Emergency department revisits for XXXX with @entity2 in California.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Individuals post- @entity1 select slow @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and the major factors used to select their @entity3 is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent to which slow @entity3 post- @entity1 is achieved through matching a relative force output or targeting a particular walking speed. METHODS: Ten neurologically nonimpaired individuals and fourteen chronic @entity1 survivors with @entity2 were recruited. @entity0 were instructed to "walk at the speed that feels most comfortable" on a treadmill against 12 progressively increasing horizontal resistive force levels applied at the pelvis using a robotic system that allowed @entity0 to self-select their walking speed. We compared slope coefficients of the simple linear regressions between the observed normalized force vs. normalized speed relationship in each group to a slope of -1.0 (i.e. ideal slope for a constant relative force output) and 0.0 (i.e. ideal slope for a constant relative speed). We also compared slope coefficients between groups. RESULTS: The slope coefficients were significantly greater than -1.0 (p   <   0.001 for both) and significantly less than 0 (p   <   0.001 for both). However, compared with nonimpaired individuals, @entity0 post- @entity1 were less able to maintain their walking speed (p   =   0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide evidence for a complex interaction between the regulation of relative force output and intention to move at a particular speed in the selection of the @entity3 for individuals post- @entity1 . This would suggest that therapeutic interventions should not only focus on task specific lower-limb strengthening exercises (e.g. walking against resistance), but should also focus on increasing the range of speeds at which @entity0 can safely walk.

title: Effect of progressive horizontal resistive force on the comfortable walking speed of individuals post- XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 (EATL) is a rare intestinal @entity4 with a poor, though variable prognosis. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) and the prognostic index for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) have limited predictive value for outcome of EATL. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a prognostic model for EATL, which can identify high-risk @entity0 who need more aggressive therapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This retrospective multicenter study was based on 92 @entity0 and included 45 @entity0 diagnosed with EATL between 1999 and 2009 from the Netherlands and 47 @entity0 from England and Scotland, diagnosed with EATL between 1994 and 1998. A new @entity2 (EPI) was constructed using the RPART (recursive partitioning and regression trees) procedure. Validation was performed applying the bootstrap method. RESULTS: Three risk groups were distinguished (P < 0.0001): a high-risk group, characterized by the presence of @entity3 [median overall survival (OS) of 2 months]; an intermediate-risk group, comprising @entity0 without @entity3 and an IPI score >=  2 (7 months); and a low-risk group, representing @entity0 without @entity3 and an IPI score of 0 to 1 (34 months). Internal validation showed stability of statistical significance and prognostic discrimination. In contrast with the IPI and @entity5 , the EPI better classified @entity0 in risk groups according to their clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Our new, validated, prognostic model EPI accurately predicts survival outcome in EATL and may be used for @entity0 selection for new therapeutic strategies and evaluation of clinical trials. Clin Cancer Res; 21(13); 3013-9.   2015 AACR.

title: A New and Validated Clinical Prognostic Model (EPI) for Enteropathy-Associated XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mucosal immune response in the setting of intestinal @entity4 contributes to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity6 signaling has central role in gut homeostasis and is @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Out of two @entity6 receptor subunits, @entity8 and @entity11 , the latter is shared among the @entity6 family of cytokines and activates STAT signaling. @entity7 is oncogenic in @entity2 , however, knowledge about @entity6 signaling upstream of @entity7 in @entity2 is lacking. Here, expression of @entity6 signaling genes was examined in matched pairs from normal and @entity1 tissue from @entity2 @entity0 showing overexpression (mRNA, protein) of @entity11 and @entity7 but not @entity8 . @entity11 over-expression was related to microsatellite- stability. Transient overexpression of @entity11 in HT29 cells increased proliferation upon ligand activation ( @entity6 , @entity10 ). @entity10 and not @entity6 phosphorylated @entity7 along with increased phosphorylation of @entity5 and ERK. A significantly higher expression of @entity9 and @entity11 was also confirmed in separate cohort of @entity2 samples. @entity10 expression was elevated in gut mucosa from @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity1 which also exhibited increased expression of @entity9 but not its co-receptor @entity11 . Overall, these data indicate that overexpression of @entity11 and @entity7 contribute to @entity2 through @entity10 / @entity7 signaling.

title: @entity11 overexpression promotes XXXX / @entity7 signaling in @entity2 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mucosal immune response in the setting of intestinal @entity4 contributes to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity6 signaling has central role in gut homeostasis and is @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Out of two @entity6 receptor subunits, @entity8 and @entity11 , the latter is shared among the @entity6 family of cytokines and activates STAT signaling. @entity7 is oncogenic in @entity2 , however, knowledge about @entity6 signaling upstream of @entity7 in @entity2 is lacking. Here, expression of @entity6 signaling genes was examined in matched pairs from normal and @entity1 tissue from @entity2 @entity0 showing overexpression (mRNA, protein) of @entity11 and @entity7 but not @entity8 . @entity11 over-expression was related to microsatellite- stability. Transient overexpression of @entity11 in HT29 cells increased proliferation upon ligand activation ( @entity6 , @entity10 ). @entity10 and not @entity6 phosphorylated @entity7 along with increased phosphorylation of @entity5 and ERK. A significantly higher expression of @entity9 and @entity11 was also confirmed in separate cohort of @entity2 samples. @entity10 expression was elevated in gut mucosa from @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity1 which also exhibited increased expression of @entity9 but not its co-receptor @entity11 . Overall, these data indicate that overexpression of @entity11 and @entity7 contribute to @entity2 through @entity10 / @entity7 signaling.

title: XXXX overexpression promotes @entity10 / @entity7 signaling in @entity2 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mucosal immune response in the setting of intestinal @entity4 contributes to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity6 signaling has central role in gut homeostasis and is @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Out of two @entity6 receptor subunits, @entity8 and @entity11 , the latter is shared among the @entity6 family of cytokines and activates STAT signaling. @entity7 is oncogenic in @entity2 , however, knowledge about @entity6 signaling upstream of @entity7 in @entity2 is lacking. Here, expression of @entity6 signaling genes was examined in matched pairs from normal and @entity1 tissue from @entity2 @entity0 showing overexpression (mRNA, protein) of @entity11 and @entity7 but not @entity8 . @entity11 over-expression was related to microsatellite- stability. Transient overexpression of @entity11 in HT29 cells increased proliferation upon ligand activation ( @entity6 , @entity10 ). @entity10 and not @entity6 phosphorylated @entity7 along with increased phosphorylation of @entity5 and ERK. A significantly higher expression of @entity9 and @entity11 was also confirmed in separate cohort of @entity2 samples. @entity10 expression was elevated in gut mucosa from @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity1 which also exhibited increased expression of @entity9 but not its co-receptor @entity11 . Overall, these data indicate that overexpression of @entity11 and @entity7 contribute to @entity2 through @entity10 / @entity7 signaling.

title: @entity11 overexpression promotes @entity10 / @entity7 signaling in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mucosal immune response in the setting of intestinal @entity4 contributes to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity6 signaling has central role in gut homeostasis and is @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Out of two @entity6 receptor subunits, @entity8 and @entity11 , the latter is shared among the @entity6 family of cytokines and activates STAT signaling. @entity7 is oncogenic in @entity2 , however, knowledge about @entity6 signaling upstream of @entity7 in @entity2 is lacking. Here, expression of @entity6 signaling genes was examined in matched pairs from normal and @entity1 tissue from @entity2 @entity0 showing overexpression (mRNA, protein) of @entity11 and @entity7 but not @entity8 . @entity11 over-expression was related to microsatellite- stability. Transient overexpression of @entity11 in HT29 cells increased proliferation upon ligand activation ( @entity6 , @entity10 ). @entity10 and not @entity6 phosphorylated @entity7 along with increased phosphorylation of @entity5 and ERK. A significantly higher expression of @entity9 and @entity11 was also confirmed in separate cohort of @entity2 samples. @entity10 expression was elevated in gut mucosa from @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity1 which also exhibited increased expression of @entity9 but not its co-receptor @entity11 . Overall, these data indicate that overexpression of @entity11 and @entity7 contribute to @entity2 through @entity10 / @entity7 signaling.

title: @entity11 overexpression promotes @entity10 / XXXX signaling in @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Owing to their peculiar features and rare occurrence, @entity4 (BBAs) of the internal carotid artery are challenging by both surgical and endovascular approaches and their proper management is uncertain. We therefore aimed to define the currently optimal treatment of ruptured BBAs in terms of mortality, outcome, rebleeding, and recurrence. METHOD: An in-depth search of electronic databases, gray literature and internet resources for ruptured BBAs was performed and complemented by data retrieval during neurosurgical congresses. Clinical and radiological characteristics, intervention details, outcomes, and the impact factor of the source journal were pooled. RESULTS: The pooled cohort comprised 311 @entity0 . Neither surgical nor endovascular methods had an impact on clinical outcome, @entity1 regrowth, remote @entity2 , or complication rate. By contrast, @entity1 clipping was a predictor of @entity3 ( @entity5 ; 95% CI 1.2 to 34.3), and stent-assisted coiling increased the likelihood of a second treatment (OR 4.1; 95% CI 1.3 to 13.1), its conversion to another modality (OR 4.7; 95% CI 1.4 to 16.0), and incomplete @entity1 (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.0 to 6.6). Higher impact journals were more likely to publish papers on endovascular techniques, particularly flow-diverter stents. CONCLUSIONS: None of the methods is unequivocally superior. Considering its inefficiency, stent-assisted coiling should be undertaken with caution. A time-delimited systematic review is needed to establish the most accurate treatment for ruptured BBAs.

title: Towards a new treatment paradigm for XXXX ? A rapid systematic review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is the most common gynaecologic malignancy in industrialised countries and the incidence is still rising. Primary treatment is based on preoperative risk classification and consists in most cases of hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In @entity0 with serous and clear cell histology a complete surgical staging is mandatory. However, in routine clinical practice final histology regularly does not correspond with the preoperative histological diagnosis. This results in both over and under treatment. METHODS/DESIGN: The aim of this multicentre, prospective cohort study is to select a panel of prognostic biomarkers to improve preoperative diagnosis of @entity4 in order to identify those @entity0 that need extended surgery and/or additional treatment. Additionally, we will determine whether incorporation of cervical cytology and comorbidity could improve this preoperative risk classification. All @entity0 treated for @entity4 in the participating hospitals from September 2011 till December 2013 are included. @entity0 characteristics, as well as comorbidity are registered. @entity0 without preoperative histology, history of hysterectomy and/or @entity4 or no surgical treatment including hysterectomy are excluded. The preoperative histology and final pathology will be reviewed and compared by expert pathologists. Additional immunohistochemical analysis of @entity9 , @entity1 , ER, PR, @entity6 , @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity3 , Ki-67, stathmin, @entity8 and @entity7 will be performed. Preoperative histology will be compared with the final pathology results. Follow-up will be at least 24  months to determine risk factors for recurrence and outcome. DISCUSSION: This study is designed to improve surgical treatment of @entity4 @entity0 . A total of 432 @entity4 @entity0 were enrolled between 2011 and 2013. Follow-up will be completed in 2015. Preoperative histology will be evaluated systematically and background endometrium will be classified. This is the first study incorporating immunohistochemistry, cervical cytology and comorbidity to define the optimal panel of prognostic biomarkers that contribute in clinical decision making in the management of @entity4 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: Netherlands Trial Register number NTR3503.

title: PIpelle Prospective @entity4 (PIPENDO) study, pre-operative recognition of high risk XXXX : a multicentre prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is the most common gynaecologic malignancy in industrialised countries and the incidence is still rising. Primary treatment is based on preoperative risk classification and consists in most cases of hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. In @entity0 with serous and clear cell histology a complete surgical staging is mandatory. However, in routine clinical practice final histology regularly does not correspond with the preoperative histological diagnosis. This results in both over and under treatment. METHODS/DESIGN: The aim of this multicentre, prospective cohort study is to select a panel of prognostic biomarkers to improve preoperative diagnosis of @entity4 in order to identify those @entity0 that need extended surgery and/or additional treatment. Additionally, we will determine whether incorporation of cervical cytology and comorbidity could improve this preoperative risk classification. All @entity0 treated for @entity4 in the participating hospitals from September 2011 till December 2013 are included. @entity0 characteristics, as well as comorbidity are registered. @entity0 without preoperative histology, history of hysterectomy and/or @entity4 or no surgical treatment including hysterectomy are excluded. The preoperative histology and final pathology will be reviewed and compared by expert pathologists. Additional immunohistochemical analysis of @entity9 , @entity1 , ER, PR, @entity6 , @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity3 , Ki-67, stathmin, @entity8 and @entity7 will be performed. Preoperative histology will be compared with the final pathology results. Follow-up will be at least 24  months to determine risk factors for recurrence and outcome. DISCUSSION: This study is designed to improve surgical treatment of @entity4 @entity0 . A total of 432 @entity4 @entity0 were enrolled between 2011 and 2013. Follow-up will be completed in 2015. Preoperative histology will be evaluated systematically and background endometrium will be classified. This is the first study incorporating immunohistochemistry, cervical cytology and comorbidity to define the optimal panel of prognostic biomarkers that contribute in clinical decision making in the management of @entity4 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: Netherlands Trial Register number NTR3503.

title: PIpelle Prospective XXXX (PIPENDO) study, pre-operative recognition of high risk @entity4 : a multicentre prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: CONTEXT: Although adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is the standard method for subtype diagnosis in @entity1 (PA), protocol details including the sampling position in the adrenal vein are not standardized. OBJECTIVE: To establish the optimum sampling position in the left adrenal vein based on postoperative outcome in PA @entity0 . DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study in nine referral centres. @entity0 : Of 496 consecutive PA @entity0 who underwent AVS between 2006 and 2013, 217 with successful AVS under cosyntropin stimulation, and with concomitant data from two positions: proximal (common trunk) and distal (central vein) to the junction with the inferior phrenic vein, were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Discordant rate of subtype diagnosis between common trunk and central vein, and postoperative outcomes in @entity0 with discordant results. RESULTS: Subtype diagnosis using common trunk and central vein was discordant in 10 (4  6%) of the 217 @entity0 (k = 0  87, P < 0  05). Of these 10 @entity0 , eight with left unilateral subtype and two with bilateral subtype using common trunk data showed bilateral subtype and unilateral subtype, respectively, using central vein data. Five @entity0 with left unilateral subtype and one with bilateral subtype by common trunk data underwent unilateral adrenalectomy. All six @entity0 were cured of PA after adrenalectomy, resulting in false-negative rates of 17% (1/6) by common trunk data, and 83% (5/6) by central vein data. CONCLUSION: In view of its better potential diagnostic accuracy, technical ease, lower cost and lower risk of vein rupture, blood sampling from the common trunk of the left adrenal vein may be preferable as the standard method of AVS in @entity0 with PA, although additional studies in a larger number of cases are required.

title: Optimum position of left adrenal vein sampling for subtype diagnosis in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity0 with @entity6 usually harbor macroadenomas measuring between 10 and 30mm in maximal diameter. Giant ( @entity3 size >= 40mm) GH-secreting @entity4 are rarely encountered and the aim of this study is to analyze different methods for managing them. DESIGN AND METHODS: We have identified 34 @entity0 (15 @entity0 and 19 females) with @entity3 among 762 subjects (4.5%) with @entity6 in our records, and characterized their clinical characteristics and response to treatment. RESULTS: Mean age at diagnosis was 34.9  12.5 years (range, 16-67 years). Mean @entity3 size was 49.4  9.4mm (range, 40-80mm); 30 @entity3 showed cavernous sinus invasion and 32 had suprasellar extension. Twenty-nine (85%) @entity0 had @entity1 . Mean baseline @entity2 was 3.4  1.8*ULN. All @entity0 except one underwent pituitary surgery (one to three procedures), but none achieved hormonal remission following first surgery. Among the 28 subjects with @entity1 , 14 recovered post-operatively and 13 improved. Treatment with @entity5 analogs was given to all @entity0 after surgical failure. Six achieved remission, nine others were partially controlled ( @entity2 <1.5*ULN; 3/9 when combined with @entity7 ), and 17 did not respond (two were lost). Nine @entity0 were treated with pegvisomant, alone (n=4) or in combination with @entity5 analogs (n=5); five are in remission and two are partially controlled. @entity8 -LAR achieved hormonal remission in one of the six @entity0 . Currently, after a mean follow-up period of 8.9 years, 17 @entity0 are in biochemical remission, eight are partially controlled, and seven are uncontrolled (two were lost to follow-up). CONCLUSIONS: Giant GH-secreting @entity3 are invasive, uncontrolled by surgery, and respond poorly to medical treatment. Aggressive multimodal therapy is critical for their management, enhancing control rate and biochemical remission.

title: Giant GH-secreting pituitary adenomas: management of rare and aggressive XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: -Psychological stress is a proposed risk factor for @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and @entity6 ( @entity6 ), the sentinel stress-related @entity4 , occurs twice as frequently in @entity0 as @entity0 . However, whether @entity6 contributes to @entity2 risk in @entity0 is not established. METHODS AND RESULTS: -We examined @entity3 exposure and @entity6 symptoms in relation to incident @entity2 over a 20-year period in 49,978 @entity0 in the Nurses' Health Study II. Proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for @entity2 events confirmed by additional information or medical record review [n=548, including @entity5 (n=277) and @entity1 (n=271)]. @entity3 exposure and @entity6 symptoms were assessed using the Brief @entity3 Questionnaire and a @entity6 screen. Compared to no @entity3 exposure, endorsing 4 or more @entity6 symptoms was associated with increased @entity2 risk after adjusting for age, family history, and childhood factors (HR=1.60 [95% CI, 1.20-2.13]). Being @entity3 -exposed and endorsing no @entity6 symptoms was associated with elevated @entity2 risk (HR=1.45 [95% CI, 1.15-1.83]), although being @entity3 -exposed and endorsing 1-3 @entity6 symptoms was not. After adjusting for adult health behaviors and medical risk factors, this pattern of findings was maintained. Health behaviors and medical risk factors accounted for 14% of the @entity3 /no symptoms- @entity2 association and 47% of the @entity3 /4+ symptoms- @entity2 association. CONCLUSIONS: - @entity3 exposure and elevated @entity6 symptoms may increase risk of @entity2 in this population of @entity0 . These findings suggest screening for @entity2 risk and reducing health risk behaviors in @entity3 -exposed @entity0 may be promising avenues for prevention and intervention.

title: XXXX Exposure and @entity6 Symptoms Predict Onset of Cardiovascular Events in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: -Psychological stress is a proposed risk factor for @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and @entity6 ( @entity6 ), the sentinel stress-related @entity4 , occurs twice as frequently in @entity0 as @entity0 . However, whether @entity6 contributes to @entity2 risk in @entity0 is not established. METHODS AND RESULTS: -We examined @entity3 exposure and @entity6 symptoms in relation to incident @entity2 over a 20-year period in 49,978 @entity0 in the Nurses' Health Study II. Proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for @entity2 events confirmed by additional information or medical record review [n=548, including @entity5 (n=277) and @entity1 (n=271)]. @entity3 exposure and @entity6 symptoms were assessed using the Brief @entity3 Questionnaire and a @entity6 screen. Compared to no @entity3 exposure, endorsing 4 or more @entity6 symptoms was associated with increased @entity2 risk after adjusting for age, family history, and childhood factors (HR=1.60 [95% CI, 1.20-2.13]). Being @entity3 -exposed and endorsing no @entity6 symptoms was associated with elevated @entity2 risk (HR=1.45 [95% CI, 1.15-1.83]), although being @entity3 -exposed and endorsing 1-3 @entity6 symptoms was not. After adjusting for adult health behaviors and medical risk factors, this pattern of findings was maintained. Health behaviors and medical risk factors accounted for 14% of the @entity3 /no symptoms- @entity2 association and 47% of the @entity3 /4+ symptoms- @entity2 association. CONCLUSIONS: - @entity3 exposure and elevated @entity6 symptoms may increase risk of @entity2 in this population of @entity0 . These findings suggest screening for @entity2 risk and reducing health risk behaviors in @entity3 -exposed @entity0 may be promising avenues for prevention and intervention.

title: @entity3 Exposure and XXXX Symptoms Predict Onset of Cardiovascular Events in @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: -Psychological stress is a proposed risk factor for @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and @entity6 ( @entity6 ), the sentinel stress-related @entity4 , occurs twice as frequently in @entity0 as @entity0 . However, whether @entity6 contributes to @entity2 risk in @entity0 is not established. METHODS AND RESULTS: -We examined @entity3 exposure and @entity6 symptoms in relation to incident @entity2 over a 20-year period in 49,978 @entity0 in the Nurses' Health Study II. Proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for @entity2 events confirmed by additional information or medical record review [n=548, including @entity5 (n=277) and @entity1 (n=271)]. @entity3 exposure and @entity6 symptoms were assessed using the Brief @entity3 Questionnaire and a @entity6 screen. Compared to no @entity3 exposure, endorsing 4 or more @entity6 symptoms was associated with increased @entity2 risk after adjusting for age, family history, and childhood factors (HR=1.60 [95% CI, 1.20-2.13]). Being @entity3 -exposed and endorsing no @entity6 symptoms was associated with elevated @entity2 risk (HR=1.45 [95% CI, 1.15-1.83]), although being @entity3 -exposed and endorsing 1-3 @entity6 symptoms was not. After adjusting for adult health behaviors and medical risk factors, this pattern of findings was maintained. Health behaviors and medical risk factors accounted for 14% of the @entity3 /no symptoms- @entity2 association and 47% of the @entity3 /4+ symptoms- @entity2 association. CONCLUSIONS: - @entity3 exposure and elevated @entity6 symptoms may increase risk of @entity2 in this population of @entity0 . These findings suggest screening for @entity2 risk and reducing health risk behaviors in @entity3 -exposed @entity0 may be promising avenues for prevention and intervention.

title: @entity3 Exposure and @entity6 Symptoms Predict Onset of Cardiovascular Events in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe the natural history and clinical features of sporadic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in Chinese @entity0 , and to report data on the prognostic factors for survival. METHODS: All @entity0 referred to our @entity1 centre between 2003 and 2012 were followed up every 3   months. Survival and tracheotomy were predefined as primary outcome measures. Group differences were analysed using parametric and non-parametric tests as appropriate. Survival was analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 1624 @entity0 with @entity1 , 75.1% had limb-onset, 14.0% had bulbar-onset, 7.8% had @entity5 ( @entity5 ), 2.6% had progressive @entity2 and 0.5% had primary @entity4 . The male:female ratio was 1.7:1, and the mean age at onset was 49.8   years. The median diagnostic delay was 14   months, and the median survival time after symptom onset was 71   months. Male gender, older age at symptom onset, lower body mass index, shorter diagnostic delay, bulbar-onset @entity1 phenotype, higher Airlie House category at presentation, rural place of residence, use of traditional Chinese medicine and a history of contact with pesticides were associated with poorer survival, whereas female gender or an @entity5 phenotype may have a better prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical characteristics and outcomes of Chinese @entity0 with @entity3 were different compared with @entity0 from other countries. Compared with other studies, the age at onset of Chinese @entity0 was earlier, the percentage of bulbar-onset @entity1 was lower and the prognosis was better. This study substantially advances the understanding of the clinical features and epidemiology of this rare disease.

title: Natural history and clinical features of sporadic XXXX in China.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Expedited partner therapy (EPT) effectively reduces rates of reinfection with @entity3 and increases the number of partners treated for the @entity1 . Healthcare provider (HCP) provision of EPT is low. The objective of this qualitative study was to understand HCP views and opinions regarding the use of EPT in a state where EPT is permissible but underused. METHODS: Using a purposive sampling strategy to include diverse HCPs who treat young @entity0 at risk for @entity3 , 23 semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted between October and December 2013. The interviews included questions about knowledge, attitudes, experiences with, and barriers and facilitators regarding the use of EPT. RESULTS: Many respondents report using EPT and believe the practice is beneficial for their @entity0 . Most providers were unaware of their colleagues' practices and had limited knowledge regarding institutional policies around EPT. HCPs noted a variety of barriers, such as fear of liability, @entity2 around the legal status of EPT and not being able to counsel @entity0 ' partners that make routine use of this practice a challenge. Facilitators of EPT include speaking on the phone with @entity0 ' partners and establishing legislation enabling EPT. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to qualitatively examine HCPs' perspectives on EPT in the USA. Barriers to EPT, including concerns about counselling @entity0 ' partners and the legal status of EPT, can be overcome. EPT recommendations could include the use of phone calls as part of their guidelines. Changing EPT legislation at the state level in the USA is an important factor to facilitate EPT use.

title: Healthcare providers' perspectives on expedited partner therapy for XXXX : a qualitative study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short, single  -stranded nucleic acids, which have been investigated as potential molecular markers for various types of @entity2 . The gold  -standard and most sensitive method for comparing miRNA levels in @entity2 tissues is reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). This technique uses stably expressed genes for normalisation. The aim of the present study was to improve this model of analysis in the context of RT  -qPCR results. A total of six known miRNAs (let  -7a, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , miR  -125b and @entity10 ), @entity12 RNA and five mRNAs [erb  -b2 receptor @entity6 kinase  2 ( @entity4 ), @entity11 synthase and polymerase (RNA)  II (DNA directed) polypeptide A] were analysed pair  -wise, in order to determine which biomarker pairs best correlated with the histological groups of 27  @entity0 samples. The lowest P  -values and the highest area under the curve values in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to select the optimum ratios for discrimination among groups. Among the 21 pairs, @entity8 / @entity9 and @entity7 / @entity12 best discriminated three groups of samples with different @entity2 grades (G  classification). miR  -125b/ @entity10 best discriminated two groups of samples with different @entity2 sizes (pT), let  -7a/ @entity12 best discriminated two groups of samples with different lymph node status (pN), and let  -7a/miR  -125b best discriminated groups of samples with negative and positive @entity5 and @entity3 receptor status. No pair of miRNAs was found to discriminate well between groups with either a negative or positive @entity1 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status. However, one miRNA/mRNA pair, @entity7 / @entity4 , discriminated @entity4  -negative from @entity4  -positive groups. The @entity0 samples investigated in the present study were grouped by immunohistological methods into three molecular classes: Luminal, @entity4 positive and basal (L, H and B, respectively). In order to discern L from H and L from B, two miRNA pairs were selected: @entity7 /miR  -125b and @entity7 / @entity10 . In conclusion, the pair  -wise method of RT  -qPCR data analysis may be a reasonable alternative to the standard method of using stably expressed reference genes, such as @entity12 RNA, for normalisation. This method may increase the classification power of miRNA biomarkers in @entity0 diagnostics.

title: Relative levels of let  -7a, XXXX , @entity9 , @entity7 , miR  -125b and @entity10 as potential molecular markers to evaluate grade, receptor status and molecular type in @entity0 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short, single  -stranded nucleic acids, which have been investigated as potential molecular markers for various types of @entity2 . The gold  -standard and most sensitive method for comparing miRNA levels in @entity2 tissues is reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). This technique uses stably expressed genes for normalisation. The aim of the present study was to improve this model of analysis in the context of RT  -qPCR results. A total of six known miRNAs (let  -7a, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , miR  -125b and @entity10 ), @entity12 RNA and five mRNAs [erb  -b2 receptor @entity6 kinase  2 ( @entity4 ), @entity11 synthase and polymerase (RNA)  II (DNA directed) polypeptide A] were analysed pair  -wise, in order to determine which biomarker pairs best correlated with the histological groups of 27  @entity0 samples. The lowest P  -values and the highest area under the curve values in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to select the optimum ratios for discrimination among groups. Among the 21 pairs, @entity8 / @entity9 and @entity7 / @entity12 best discriminated three groups of samples with different @entity2 grades (G  classification). miR  -125b/ @entity10 best discriminated two groups of samples with different @entity2 sizes (pT), let  -7a/ @entity12 best discriminated two groups of samples with different lymph node status (pN), and let  -7a/miR  -125b best discriminated groups of samples with negative and positive @entity5 and @entity3 receptor status. No pair of miRNAs was found to discriminate well between groups with either a negative or positive @entity1 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status. However, one miRNA/mRNA pair, @entity7 / @entity4 , discriminated @entity4  -negative from @entity4  -positive groups. The @entity0 samples investigated in the present study were grouped by immunohistological methods into three molecular classes: Luminal, @entity4 positive and basal (L, H and B, respectively). In order to discern L from H and L from B, two miRNA pairs were selected: @entity7 /miR  -125b and @entity7 / @entity10 . In conclusion, the pair  -wise method of RT  -qPCR data analysis may be a reasonable alternative to the standard method of using stably expressed reference genes, such as @entity12 RNA, for normalisation. This method may increase the classification power of miRNA biomarkers in @entity0 diagnostics.

title: Relative levels of let  -7a, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , miR  -125b and XXXX as potential molecular markers to evaluate grade, receptor status and molecular type in @entity0 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short, single  -stranded nucleic acids, which have been investigated as potential molecular markers for various types of @entity2 . The gold  -standard and most sensitive method for comparing miRNA levels in @entity2 tissues is reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). This technique uses stably expressed genes for normalisation. The aim of the present study was to improve this model of analysis in the context of RT  -qPCR results. A total of six known miRNAs (let  -7a, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , miR  -125b and @entity10 ), @entity12 RNA and five mRNAs [erb  -b2 receptor @entity6 kinase  2 ( @entity4 ), @entity11 synthase and polymerase (RNA)  II (DNA directed) polypeptide A] were analysed pair  -wise, in order to determine which biomarker pairs best correlated with the histological groups of 27  @entity0 samples. The lowest P  -values and the highest area under the curve values in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to select the optimum ratios for discrimination among groups. Among the 21 pairs, @entity8 / @entity9 and @entity7 / @entity12 best discriminated three groups of samples with different @entity2 grades (G  classification). miR  -125b/ @entity10 best discriminated two groups of samples with different @entity2 sizes (pT), let  -7a/ @entity12 best discriminated two groups of samples with different lymph node status (pN), and let  -7a/miR  -125b best discriminated groups of samples with negative and positive @entity5 and @entity3 receptor status. No pair of miRNAs was found to discriminate well between groups with either a negative or positive @entity1 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status. However, one miRNA/mRNA pair, @entity7 / @entity4 , discriminated @entity4  -negative from @entity4  -positive groups. The @entity0 samples investigated in the present study were grouped by immunohistological methods into three molecular classes: Luminal, @entity4 positive and basal (L, H and B, respectively). In order to discern L from H and L from B, two miRNA pairs were selected: @entity7 /miR  -125b and @entity7 / @entity10 . In conclusion, the pair  -wise method of RT  -qPCR data analysis may be a reasonable alternative to the standard method of using stably expressed reference genes, such as @entity12 RNA, for normalisation. This method may increase the classification power of miRNA biomarkers in @entity0 diagnostics.

title: Relative levels of let  -7a, @entity8 , XXXX , @entity7 , miR  -125b and @entity10 as potential molecular markers to evaluate grade, receptor status and molecular type in @entity0 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short, single  -stranded nucleic acids, which have been investigated as potential molecular markers for various types of @entity2 . The gold  -standard and most sensitive method for comparing miRNA levels in @entity2 tissues is reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). This technique uses stably expressed genes for normalisation. The aim of the present study was to improve this model of analysis in the context of RT  -qPCR results. A total of six known miRNAs (let  -7a, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , miR  -125b and @entity10 ), @entity12 RNA and five mRNAs [erb  -b2 receptor @entity6 kinase  2 ( @entity4 ), @entity11 synthase and polymerase (RNA)  II (DNA directed) polypeptide A] were analysed pair  -wise, in order to determine which biomarker pairs best correlated with the histological groups of 27  @entity0 samples. The lowest P  -values and the highest area under the curve values in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to select the optimum ratios for discrimination among groups. Among the 21 pairs, @entity8 / @entity9 and @entity7 / @entity12 best discriminated three groups of samples with different @entity2 grades (G  classification). miR  -125b/ @entity10 best discriminated two groups of samples with different @entity2 sizes (pT), let  -7a/ @entity12 best discriminated two groups of samples with different lymph node status (pN), and let  -7a/miR  -125b best discriminated groups of samples with negative and positive @entity5 and @entity3 receptor status. No pair of miRNAs was found to discriminate well between groups with either a negative or positive @entity1 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status. However, one miRNA/mRNA pair, @entity7 / @entity4 , discriminated @entity4  -negative from @entity4  -positive groups. The @entity0 samples investigated in the present study were grouped by immunohistological methods into three molecular classes: Luminal, @entity4 positive and basal (L, H and B, respectively). In order to discern L from H and L from B, two miRNA pairs were selected: @entity7 /miR  -125b and @entity7 / @entity10 . In conclusion, the pair  -wise method of RT  -qPCR data analysis may be a reasonable alternative to the standard method of using stably expressed reference genes, such as @entity12 RNA, for normalisation. This method may increase the classification power of miRNA biomarkers in @entity0 diagnostics.

title: Relative levels of let  -7a, @entity8 , @entity9 , XXXX , miR  -125b and @entity10 as potential molecular markers to evaluate grade, receptor status and molecular type in @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short, single  -stranded nucleic acids, which have been investigated as potential molecular markers for various types of @entity2 . The gold  -standard and most sensitive method for comparing miRNA levels in @entity2 tissues is reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). This technique uses stably expressed genes for normalisation. The aim of the present study was to improve this model of analysis in the context of RT  -qPCR results. A total of six known miRNAs (let  -7a, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , miR  -125b and @entity10 ), @entity12 RNA and five mRNAs [erb  -b2 receptor @entity6 kinase  2 ( @entity4 ), @entity11 synthase and polymerase (RNA)  II (DNA directed) polypeptide A] were analysed pair  -wise, in order to determine which biomarker pairs best correlated with the histological groups of 27  @entity0 samples. The lowest P  -values and the highest area under the curve values in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to select the optimum ratios for discrimination among groups. Among the 21 pairs, @entity8 / @entity9 and @entity7 / @entity12 best discriminated three groups of samples with different @entity2 grades (G  classification). miR  -125b/ @entity10 best discriminated two groups of samples with different @entity2 sizes (pT), let  -7a/ @entity12 best discriminated two groups of samples with different lymph node status (pN), and let  -7a/miR  -125b best discriminated groups of samples with negative and positive @entity5 and @entity3 receptor status. No pair of miRNAs was found to discriminate well between groups with either a negative or positive @entity1 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status. However, one miRNA/mRNA pair, @entity7 / @entity4 , discriminated @entity4  -negative from @entity4  -positive groups. The @entity0 samples investigated in the present study were grouped by immunohistological methods into three molecular classes: Luminal, @entity4 positive and basal (L, H and B, respectively). In order to discern L from H and L from B, two miRNA pairs were selected: @entity7 /miR  -125b and @entity7 / @entity10 . In conclusion, the pair  -wise method of RT  -qPCR data analysis may be a reasonable alternative to the standard method of using stably expressed reference genes, such as @entity12 RNA, for normalisation. This method may increase the classification power of miRNA biomarkers in @entity0 diagnostics.

title: Relative levels of let  -7a, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity7 , miR  -125b and @entity10 as potential molecular markers to evaluate grade, receptor status and molecular type in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Combination of @entity1 and @entity0 ( @entity2 ) has been suggested as a means of preventing the emergence of bacterial resistance to the individual agents and of achieving synergistic antimicrobial activity. By means of standard techniques of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, combinations of @entity1 and @entity2 were tested against clinical isolates of a variety of aerobic bacteria. Synergism was defined as a fourfold or greater decrease in the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the more active agent in the combination. Antagonism was defined as a fourfold or greater increase in the MIC of the more active agent. No change or, at most, a twofold change was considered to represent indifference. Combinations of @entity1 and @entity2 in ratios of 7:1, 7:2, and 1:1 demonstrated synergistic activity against 12%, 13%, and 28% of 440 isolates, respectively. Antagonism was observed in 10%, 9%, and 8% of strains tested against the above ratios. Killing curves determined with selected organisms failed to demonstrate synergistic antibacterial activity. Combinations of @entity1 and @entity2 failed to prevent the emergence of resistance to both drugs when selected strains of various bacteria were exposed to serial, subinhibitory concentrations. Thus, synergism of @entity1 and @entity2 was observed in only a minority of strains tested, and combination of the two agents failed to prevent the emergence of drug resistance in vitro.

title: Interactions of XXXX and @entity0 in vitro.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Combination of @entity1 and @entity0 ( @entity2 ) has been suggested as a means of preventing the emergence of bacterial resistance to the individual agents and of achieving synergistic antimicrobial activity. By means of standard techniques of antimicrobial susceptibility testing, combinations of @entity1 and @entity2 were tested against clinical isolates of a variety of aerobic bacteria. Synergism was defined as a fourfold or greater decrease in the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the more active agent in the combination. Antagonism was defined as a fourfold or greater increase in the MIC of the more active agent. No change or, at most, a twofold change was considered to represent indifference. Combinations of @entity1 and @entity2 in ratios of 7:1, 7:2, and 1:1 demonstrated synergistic activity against 12%, 13%, and 28% of 440 isolates, respectively. Antagonism was observed in 10%, 9%, and 8% of strains tested against the above ratios. Killing curves determined with selected organisms failed to demonstrate synergistic antibacterial activity. Combinations of @entity1 and @entity2 failed to prevent the emergence of resistance to both drugs when selected strains of various bacteria were exposed to serial, subinhibitory concentrations. Thus, synergism of @entity1 and @entity2 was observed in only a minority of strains tested, and combination of the two agents failed to prevent the emergence of drug resistance in vitro.

title: Interactions of @entity1 and XXXX in vitro.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Calorie intake and diet quality are influenced by the source of food and the place of consumption. This study examines the impacts of fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption on daily energy and nutrient intakes in US adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Nationally representative data of 18,098 adults 18 years of age and above from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010 waves were analyzed. Outcomes included daily intake of total calories and 24 nutrients of public health concern. The key predictors were any food/beverage consumption in a day from fast-food or full-service restaurant, differentiated by consumption at home versus away from home. First-difference estimator addressed confounding bias from time-invariant unobservables such as personal food/beverage preferences by using within-individual variations in diet and restaurant consumption status between two nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls. RESULTS: @entity3 , respectively, were associated with a net increase in daily total @entity2 .61 and 9.58   g, saturated fat of 3.49 and 2.46   g, @entity0 of 10.34 and 57.90   mg, and @entity1 of 297.47 and 411.92   mg. The impact of fast-food and full-service restaurant consumption on energy and nutrient intakes differed by sex, race/ethnicity, education, income and weight status. Increased total energy, total fat, saturated fat, @entity0 and @entity1 intake were substantially larger when full-service restaurant food was consumed away from home than at home. CONCLUSIONS: A holistic policy intervention is warranted to target the American's overall dining-out behavior rather than fast-food consumption alone.

title: XXXX and daily energy and nutrient intakes in US adults.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective was to characterize the variations in practice in the diagnosis and management of @entity0 admitted to hospitals from Canadian pediatric emergency departments (EDs) with suspected @entity1 , specifically the timing of surgical intervention, ED investigations, and management strategies. METHODS: Twelve sites participated in this retrospective health record review. @entity0 aged 3 to 17  years admitted to the hospital with suspected @entity1 were eligible. Site-specific demographics, investigations, and interventions performed were recorded and compared. Factors associated with after-hours surgery were determined using generalized estimating equations logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 619 @entity0 meeting eligibility criteria, surgical intervention was performed in 547 (88%). After-hours surgery occurred in 76 of the 547 @entity0 , with significant variation across sites (13.9%, 95% confidence interval  =  7.1% to 21.6%, p  <  0.001). The overall perforation rate was 17.4% (95 of 547), and the negative appendectomy rate was 6.8% (37 of 547), varying across sites (p  =  0.004 and p  =  0.036, respectively). Use of inflammatory markers (p  <  0.001), blood cultures (p  <  0.001), ultrasound (p  =  0.001), and computed tomography (p  =  0.001) also varied by site. ED administration of narcotic analgesia and antibiotics varied across sites (p  <  0.001 and p  =  0.001, respectively), as did the type of surgical approach (p  <  0.001). After-hours triage had a significant inverse association with after-hours surgery (p  =  0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Across Canadian pediatric EDs, there exists significant variation in the diagnosis and management of @entity0 with suspected @entity1 . These results indicate that the best diagnostic and management strategies remain unclear and support the need for future prospective, multicenter studies to identify strategies associated with optimal @entity0 outcomes.

title: Variation in the Diagnosis and Management of XXXX at Canadian Pediatric Hospitals.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of two different @entity5 formulations (effervescent tablet for orodispersible use ( @entity4 ) and viscous suspension (BVS)) with different daily dosages for short-term treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). DESIGN: Adults with active @entity3 (n=76) randomly received 14   days' treatment with either @entity4 2*1   mg/day ( @entity6 , n=19) or @entity4 2*2   mg/day (BET2, n=19), or BVS 2*5   mL (0.4   mg/mL)/day (BVS, n=19) or placebo (n=19) in a double-blind, double-dummy fashion, with a 2-week follow-up. Primary end point was histological remission (mean of <16   eosinophils/mm(2   )hpf). Secondary end points included endoscopy score, @entity2 score, drug safety and @entity0 's preference for drug formulation. RESULTS: Histological remission occurred in 100%, 94.7% and 94.7% of @entity5 ( @entity6 , BET2, BVS, respectively) and in 0% of placebo recipients (p<0.0001). The improvement in total endoscopic intensity score was significantly higher in the three @entity5 groups compared with placebo. @entity2 improved in all groups at the end of treatment; however, improvement of @entity2 persisted only in those treated with @entity6 (p=0.0196 vs placebo). There were no serious adverse events. Local @entity1 (stained fungi) occurred in two @entity0 of each @entity5 group (10.5%). The effervescent tablet was preferred by 80% of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 or BVS was highly effective and safe for short-term treatment of @entity3 . The 1   mg (twice daily) dosage was equally effective as the 2   mg twice daily dosage. The majority of @entity0 preferred the effervescent tablet formulation. CLINICALTRIALSGOV NUMBER: NCT02280616; EudraCT number, 2009-016692-29.

title: A randomised, double-blind trial comparing XXXX formulations and dosages for short-term treatment of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of two different @entity5 formulations (effervescent tablet for orodispersible use ( @entity4 ) and viscous suspension (BVS)) with different daily dosages for short-term treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). DESIGN: Adults with active @entity3 (n=76) randomly received 14   days' treatment with either @entity4 2*1   mg/day ( @entity6 , n=19) or @entity4 2*2   mg/day (BET2, n=19), or BVS 2*5   mL (0.4   mg/mL)/day (BVS, n=19) or placebo (n=19) in a double-blind, double-dummy fashion, with a 2-week follow-up. Primary end point was histological remission (mean of <16   eosinophils/mm(2   )hpf). Secondary end points included endoscopy score, @entity2 score, drug safety and @entity0 's preference for drug formulation. RESULTS: Histological remission occurred in 100%, 94.7% and 94.7% of @entity5 ( @entity6 , BET2, BVS, respectively) and in 0% of placebo recipients (p<0.0001). The improvement in total endoscopic intensity score was significantly higher in the three @entity5 groups compared with placebo. @entity2 improved in all groups at the end of treatment; however, improvement of @entity2 persisted only in those treated with @entity6 (p=0.0196 vs placebo). There were no serious adverse events. Local @entity1 (stained fungi) occurred in two @entity0 of each @entity5 group (10.5%). The effervescent tablet was preferred by 80% of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 or BVS was highly effective and safe for short-term treatment of @entity3 . The 1   mg (twice daily) dosage was equally effective as the 2   mg twice daily dosage. The majority of @entity0 preferred the effervescent tablet formulation. CLINICALTRIALSGOV NUMBER: NCT02280616; EudraCT number, 2009-016692-29.

title: A randomised, double-blind trial comparing @entity5 formulations and dosages for short-term treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 (NO) and endothelin (ET) produced in endothelial cells are leading molecules which regulate vascular function. Failure of the physiological balance between these two molecules is usually referred to as @entity2 . ET was initially identified as a potent vasoconstrictive peptide. Three ET isoforms and two ET receptors have been identified. One of the isoforms, @entity4 , plays a significant role in many @entity1 . On the other hand, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is known to induce @entity2 . The endothelial receptor for oxLDL was cloned, and named @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Activation of @entity5 generates reactive @entity0 species (ROS), and acivates a transcriptional factor, nuclear factor kB (NFkB), resulting in down-regulation of NO and up-regulation of @entity4 . @entity5 might be a key molecule in the generation of @entity2 . In @entity2 , @entity4 is an aggravating factor of @entity1 .

title: Endothelin and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Chronic @entity5 is often classified as idiopathic. The condition is associated with poor quality of life and high morbidity, and treatment options are often unsatisfactory. A case of chronic @entity5 in a 66-year-old @entity0 , presenting with back and @entity2 , urinary retention and severe @entity3 is described. The @entity0 lived in an area in which @entity4 is endemic and had been bitten by ixodes ticks. Intrathecal synthesis of anti- @entity7 IgM and IgG and lymphocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid was found, consistent with chronic @entity6 since symptoms had lasted for more than six months. The @entity0 's gastrointestinal function recovered and the @entity1 subsided significantly following treatment with antibiotics. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) often results in palsy, but rarely affects the autonomic nervous system. Three @entity0 have been described with @entity5 due to acute @entity6 . However, this is the first described case of @entity5 due to chronic @entity6 . @entity6 must be suspected in @entity0 with @entity5 , in particular in @entity0 who have been bitten by an ixodes tick and in @entity0 living in an endemic area.

title: Intestinal Pseudoobstruction Caused by XXXX . A Case Report.

answer: @entity6


abstract: In general, surgery is recommended for calcificated @entity4 of the shoulder if the @entity0 have symptoms after conservative treatments, including needle aspiration and physical therapy. Many researchers agree about the need for adequate physical therapy consisting of range of motion exercise, muscle strengthening exercises and electrophysical agents. Some researchers report that ultrasound (u/s) promotes angiogenesis and @entity2 uptake to fibroblasts, but there are few studies about u/s effects on calcificated @entity4 of the shoulder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the u/s therapy effect on @entity3 , @entity1 during active movement, and to identify factors related to improvement in a randomized controlled fashion. We used the stratified random allocation method to assign 40 consecutive @entity0 to experimental and control groups, so each group consisted of 20 @entity0 . The experimental group was treated by u/s therapy and therapeutic exercises, and the control group was treated with therapeutic exercises only. All @entity0 in both groups came to our department 3 times per week and u/s therapy was performed 3 times per week until the end of the study. First, we classified the calcifications as type I (clearly circumscribed and with dense appearance on radiography), type II (dense or clearly circumscribed appearance) and type III (translucent or cloudy appearance without clear circumscription) according to the classification of Gartner and Heyer. Radiography was performed every one month, and the main outcome measure was the change from the base-line of the @entity3 on radiography at the end of the treatment. The three point scale of Gartner and Heyer was used, in which a score of 1 indicates no change or a worsening of the condition, a score of 2 a decrease of at least 50 percent in the area and density of the @entity3 , and a score of 3 a complete resolution of the @entity3 . We also examined the affected shoulders for presence or absence of @entity1 in active movement at the start and at the end of the study. The calcifications improved significantly and fewer @entity0 had @entity1 during active movement in the experimental group. There was a statistical significant disease duration difference from the first clinical presentation between scores 2 and 3 in the experimental group. The results of this study suggest that u/s therapy helps to resolve calcifications of shorter disease duration. Calcifications of longer disease duration tended to persist in spite of u/s therapy, but we thought treatment of 27-38 times (95% CI), until score 2 was attained, was a desirable strategy.

title: Effects of ultrasound therapy on calcificated XXXX of the shoulder.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Clinical and neuropsychological findings, EEG, and several blood and CSF parameters were investigated in 36 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and 35 @entity0 with @entity3 of @entity3 (SDAT). There were more @entity0 among senile @entity0 and more familial cases among presenile @entity0 . The average duration of the symptoms was longer in presenile @entity0 (6.1 years) than in senile @entity0 (3.9 years). This could be due to the lower resistance to the disease process in the senile group. @entity1 , @entity7 , were found in over 60% of all @entity0 and in practically all @entity0 with advanced @entity5 . @entity6 was found in three @entity0 only. Four presenile (11%) and two senile (6%) @entity0 had @entity4 . All @entity0 had abnormal EEG recordings, mainly in form of @entity2 . A positive correlation was found between the EEG abnormality and the severity of @entity5 in @entity3 but not in SDAT. However, the difference between the correlation coefficients in @entity3 and SDAT was insignificant. Between EEG and the duration of the disease there was no correlation. EEG was not more abnormal in very severe @entity5 than in severe @entity5 . Other findings were similar in @entity3 and SDAT. It is concluded that it is artificial to separate @entity3 and SDAT at the age of 65 and that they clinically compose a single entity. This entity could well be called @entity3 .

title: @entity3 and @entity3 of XXXX . A comparative study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Clinical and neuropsychological findings, EEG, and several blood and CSF parameters were investigated in 36 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and 35 @entity0 with @entity3 of @entity3 (SDAT). There were more @entity0 among senile @entity0 and more familial cases among presenile @entity0 . The average duration of the symptoms was longer in presenile @entity0 (6.1 years) than in senile @entity0 (3.9 years). This could be due to the lower resistance to the disease process in the senile group. @entity1 , @entity7 , were found in over 60% of all @entity0 and in practically all @entity0 with advanced @entity5 . @entity6 was found in three @entity0 only. Four presenile (11%) and two senile (6%) @entity0 had @entity4 . All @entity0 had abnormal EEG recordings, mainly in form of @entity2 . A positive correlation was found between the EEG abnormality and the severity of @entity5 in @entity3 but not in SDAT. However, the difference between the correlation coefficients in @entity3 and SDAT was insignificant. Between EEG and the duration of the disease there was no correlation. EEG was not more abnormal in very severe @entity5 than in severe @entity5 . Other findings were similar in @entity3 and SDAT. It is concluded that it is artificial to separate @entity3 and SDAT at the age of 65 and that they clinically compose a single entity. This entity could well be called @entity3 .

title: @entity3 and XXXX of @entity3 . A comparative study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Clinical and neuropsychological findings, EEG, and several blood and CSF parameters were investigated in 36 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and 35 @entity0 with @entity3 of @entity3 (SDAT). There were more @entity0 among senile @entity0 and more familial cases among presenile @entity0 . The average duration of the symptoms was longer in presenile @entity0 (6.1 years) than in senile @entity0 (3.9 years). This could be due to the lower resistance to the disease process in the senile group. @entity1 , @entity7 , were found in over 60% of all @entity0 and in practically all @entity0 with advanced @entity5 . @entity6 was found in three @entity0 only. Four presenile (11%) and two senile (6%) @entity0 had @entity4 . All @entity0 had abnormal EEG recordings, mainly in form of @entity2 . A positive correlation was found between the EEG abnormality and the severity of @entity5 in @entity3 but not in SDAT. However, the difference between the correlation coefficients in @entity3 and SDAT was insignificant. Between EEG and the duration of the disease there was no correlation. EEG was not more abnormal in very severe @entity5 than in severe @entity5 . Other findings were similar in @entity3 and SDAT. It is concluded that it is artificial to separate @entity3 and SDAT at the age of 65 and that they clinically compose a single entity. This entity could well be called @entity3 .

title: XXXX and @entity3 of @entity3 . A comparative study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and neuro-ophthalmological examinations of 134 @entity0 were compared. The VEPs were abnormal in 95% of the eyes with @entity6 . @entity5 was found in 99%, @entity2 in 88%, @entity2 in 66% and an afferent @entity4 in 55%. 29 @entity0 with @entity6 were followed up with repeated tests. VEPs and color vision recovered more slowly than visual acuity and visual field. Abnormal VEPs were observed in 68% of 50 @entity1 @entity0 . An analysis of symptomatic and asymptomatic eyes showed that testing of color vision, visual field and red-free ophthalmoscopy were equally as useful diagnostic tools as VEPs. 4 (8%) of the @entity1 @entity0 had abnormal VEPs despite a normal neuro-ophthalmological examination; 94% of @entity1 @entity0 with symptoms and 47% of @entity1 @entity0 without visual symptoms had abnormal VEPs. VEPs were pathological in 59% of 24 @entity0 with traumatic or compressive @entity3 or optic atrophies of unknown etiology. The neuro-ophthalmological examination was more sensitive than VEPs in the diagnosis of these disorders. A neuro-ophthalmological examination is in most cases sufficient to diagnose @entity3 . VEPs are of diagnostic aid especially in mild @entity3 .

title: Do visual evoked potentials give relevant information to the neuro-ophthalmological examination in XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 and @entity7 are widespread foodborne @entity1 , affecting millions of @entity0 in more than 75 countries. The treatment of choice for these @entity4 is based on @entity8 , a @entity6 derivative which has been suggested as a promising drug to treat pregnant @entity0 and @entity0 . However, at the moment, this drug is not approved for @entity0 use in most countries. Its potential adverse effects on embryonic development have been scarcely studied, and it has not been assigned a pregnancy category by the FDA. Thus, to help in the process of risk-benefit decision making upon @entity8 treatment during pregnancy, a better characterization of its risks during gestation is needed. METHODOLOGY: The @entity2 embryo test, a preimplantation and a postimplantation rodent whole embryo culture were used to investigate the potential embryotoxicity/teratogenicity of @entity8 and its first metabolite @entity10 . @entity3 and @entity9 were included as positive controls. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: @entity8 was between 10 and 250 times less potent than @entity3 in inducing dysmorphogenic effects in @entity2 or postimplantation rodent embryos, respectively. However, during the preimplantation period, both compounds, @entity8 and @entity10 , induced a dose-dependent embryolethal effect after only 24 h of exposure in rodent embryos and @entity2 (lowest observed adverse effect concentrations = 10  M). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In @entity0 , after ingestion of the recommended doses of @entity8 to treat @entity5 and @entity7 (10 mg/kg), the main compound found in plasma is @entity10 (maximum concentration 38.6  M), while @entity8 concentrations are approximately 30 times lower (1.16  M). From our results it can be concluded that @entity8 , at concentrations of the same order of magnitude as the clinically relevant ones, does not entail teratogenic potential in vitro during the organogenesis period, but its first metabolite @entity10 has a high embryotoxic capacity in vitro during the preimplantation stage.

title: @entity10 Causes Stage-Dependent Embryolethality in XXXX and Mouse In Vitro.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 and @entity7 are widespread foodborne @entity1 , affecting millions of @entity0 in more than 75 countries. The treatment of choice for these @entity4 is based on @entity8 , a @entity6 derivative which has been suggested as a promising drug to treat pregnant @entity0 and @entity0 . However, at the moment, this drug is not approved for @entity0 use in most countries. Its potential adverse effects on embryonic development have been scarcely studied, and it has not been assigned a pregnancy category by the FDA. Thus, to help in the process of risk-benefit decision making upon @entity8 treatment during pregnancy, a better characterization of its risks during gestation is needed. METHODOLOGY: The @entity2 embryo test, a preimplantation and a postimplantation rodent whole embryo culture were used to investigate the potential embryotoxicity/teratogenicity of @entity8 and its first metabolite @entity10 . @entity3 and @entity9 were included as positive controls. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: @entity8 was between 10 and 250 times less potent than @entity3 in inducing dysmorphogenic effects in @entity2 or postimplantation rodent embryos, respectively. However, during the preimplantation period, both compounds, @entity8 and @entity10 , induced a dose-dependent embryolethal effect after only 24 h of exposure in rodent embryos and @entity2 (lowest observed adverse effect concentrations = 10  M). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: In @entity0 , after ingestion of the recommended doses of @entity8 to treat @entity5 and @entity7 (10 mg/kg), the main compound found in plasma is @entity10 (maximum concentration 38.6  M), while @entity8 concentrations are approximately 30 times lower (1.16  M). From our results it can be concluded that @entity8 , at concentrations of the same order of magnitude as the clinically relevant ones, does not entail teratogenic potential in vitro during the organogenesis period, but its first metabolite @entity10 has a high embryotoxic capacity in vitro during the preimplantation stage.

title: XXXX Causes Stage-Dependent Embryolethality in @entity2 and Mouse In Vitro.

answer: @entity10


abstract: Importance: The @entity0 evaluated in this study, to our knowledge, represent the first complete clinical description of a family with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of @entity2 associated with a novel mutation in @entity4 . Objectives: To clinically evaluate 4 @entity0 and 5 unaffected family members, characterize the disease phenotype over time, and identify the associated genetic mutation. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : A prospective, longitudinal, observational, case-series analysis of 9 members of an affected family at the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland. The dates of the study were from July 31, 1992, to August 11, 2014. Interventions: Clinical evaluations included eye examination, color fundus photography, autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, kinetic visual field testing, and electroretinography. Genetic mutation screening was performed with next-generation sequencing, and identified mutations were confirmed with Sanger sequencing. Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical diagnosis and longitudinal characterization of @entity2 and identification of genetic mutation. Results: Six members of the family were identified as having @entity2 (4 were examined, and 3 were genetically tested). Five unaffected family members were clinically evaluated (2 were genetically tested). The age at onset of @entity2 was variable. All affected individuals presented with declining visual acuity, central @entity1 , waxy disc pallor, attenuated vasculature, small yellow macular deposits and/or macular pigment mottling, and abnormal electroretinograms demonstrating mixed @entity3 and a scotopic electronegative response to bright flashes. There were no other causes of an electronegative electroretinogram identified in any of the affected @entity0 . Genetic testing revealed, to our knowledge, a novel frameshift heterozygous mutation in @entity4 in the @entity0 with @entity2 . Conclusions and Relevance: A frameshift heterozygous mutation in @entity4 inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion was associated with mixed @entity3 . Among the @entity0 , there was variability in the age at onset and in the specific pattern of photoreceptor dysfunction, but the clinical course was nevertheless slowly progressive. Screening for @entity4 mutation could provide prognostic value for @entity0 and families with scotopic electronegative responses to bright flashes.

title: Autosomal Dominant XXXX With Electronegative Waveform Associated With a Novel @entity4 Mutation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Importance: The @entity0 evaluated in this study, to our knowledge, represent the first complete clinical description of a family with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern of @entity2 associated with a novel mutation in @entity4 . Objectives: To clinically evaluate 4 @entity0 and 5 unaffected family members, characterize the disease phenotype over time, and identify the associated genetic mutation. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : A prospective, longitudinal, observational, case-series analysis of 9 members of an affected family at the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland. The dates of the study were from July 31, 1992, to August 11, 2014. Interventions: Clinical evaluations included eye examination, color fundus photography, autofluorescence imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, kinetic visual field testing, and electroretinography. Genetic mutation screening was performed with next-generation sequencing, and identified mutations were confirmed with Sanger sequencing. Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinical diagnosis and longitudinal characterization of @entity2 and identification of genetic mutation. Results: Six members of the family were identified as having @entity2 (4 were examined, and 3 were genetically tested). Five unaffected family members were clinically evaluated (2 were genetically tested). The age at onset of @entity2 was variable. All affected individuals presented with declining visual acuity, central @entity1 , waxy disc pallor, attenuated vasculature, small yellow macular deposits and/or macular pigment mottling, and abnormal electroretinograms demonstrating mixed @entity3 and a scotopic electronegative response to bright flashes. There were no other causes of an electronegative electroretinogram identified in any of the affected @entity0 . Genetic testing revealed, to our knowledge, a novel frameshift heterozygous mutation in @entity4 in the @entity0 with @entity2 . Conclusions and Relevance: A frameshift heterozygous mutation in @entity4 inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion was associated with mixed @entity3 . Among the @entity0 , there was variability in the age at onset and in the specific pattern of photoreceptor dysfunction, but the clinical course was nevertheless slowly progressive. Screening for @entity4 mutation could provide prognostic value for @entity0 and families with scotopic electronegative responses to bright flashes.

title: Autosomal Dominant @entity2 With Electronegative Waveform Associated With a Novel XXXX Mutation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Photobiomodulation (PBM) appears promising to treat the hallmarks of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in cellular or animal models. We measured light propagation in different areas of @entity2 -relevant deep brain tissue during transcranial, transsphenoidal illumination (at 671 and 808  nm) of a cadaver head and modeled optical parameters of @entity0 brain tissue using Monte-Carlo simulations. Gray matter, white matter, cerebrospinal fluid, ventricles, thalamus, pons, cerebellum and skull bone were processed into a mesh of the skull (158  *  201  *  211 voxels; voxel side length: 1  mm). Optical parameters were optimized from simulated and measured fluence rate distributions. The estimated  eff for the different tissues was in all cases larger at 671 than at 808  nm, making latter a better choice for light delivery in the deep brain. Absolute values were comparable to those found in the literature or slightly smaller. The effective attenuation in the ventricles was considerably larger than literature values. Optimization yields a new set of optical parameters better reproducing the experimental data. A combination of PBM via the sphenoid sinus and oral cavity could be beneficial. A 20-fold higher efficiency of light delivery to the deep brain was achieved with ventricular instead of transcranial illumination. Our study demonstrates that it is possible to illuminate deep brain tissues transcranially, transsphenoidally and via different application routes. This opens therapeutic options for sufferers of @entity2 or other @entity1 necessitating light therapy.

title: Red and NIR light dosimetry in the XXXX deep brain.

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes in adolescents diagnosed with @entity6 and @entity5 and to evaluate the efficacy of differential diagnosis methods. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The incidence of @entity6 in adolescence is similar to that in adults, but the causes of @entity6 are difficult to determine in most cases. For these @entity0 , a definitive diagnosis of @entity6 and @entity5 as well as adequate treatment are clinically important to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment. METHODS: Eleven @entity0 [3 males and 8 females; mean age, 16.5 years (range, 13-19 y)] diagnosed with @entity6 and @entity5 were followed up for 2-10.25 years (mean, 4.67 y). Nonorganic signs were observed in almost all @entity0 . For the purpose of excluding @entity3 , the @entity7 @entity2 study was used in @entity0 who complained mainly of @entity2 , and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) using transcranial magnetic stimulation were measured in @entity0 experiencing primarily @entity4 . RESULTS: The @entity1 diagnosis was @entity9 in 9 @entity0 , whereas it was @entity8 in 2 @entity0 . Conservative treatment, such as physiotherapy, was performed, and at the final follow-up evaluation, outcomes were regarded as excellent in 7 @entity0 and good in 4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of @entity6 and @entity5 in adolescence is relatively good. However, it is important to understand the characteristics of @entity6 and @entity5 in childhood and young adulthood and to perform accurate diagnosis via screening for nonorganic signs and excluding @entity3 by using the @entity7 @entity2 study and MEPs obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation.

title: Psychogenic XXXX and @entity5 in Adolescence.

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes in adolescents diagnosed with @entity6 and @entity5 and to evaluate the efficacy of differential diagnosis methods. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The incidence of @entity6 in adolescence is similar to that in adults, but the causes of @entity6 are difficult to determine in most cases. For these @entity0 , a definitive diagnosis of @entity6 and @entity5 as well as adequate treatment are clinically important to avoid unnecessary surgical treatment. METHODS: Eleven @entity0 [3 males and 8 females; mean age, 16.5 years (range, 13-19 y)] diagnosed with @entity6 and @entity5 were followed up for 2-10.25 years (mean, 4.67 y). Nonorganic signs were observed in almost all @entity0 . For the purpose of excluding @entity3 , the @entity7 @entity2 study was used in @entity0 who complained mainly of @entity2 , and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) using transcranial magnetic stimulation were measured in @entity0 experiencing primarily @entity4 . RESULTS: The @entity1 diagnosis was @entity9 in 9 @entity0 , whereas it was @entity8 in 2 @entity0 . Conservative treatment, such as physiotherapy, was performed, and at the final follow-up evaluation, outcomes were regarded as excellent in 7 @entity0 and good in 4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of @entity6 and @entity5 in adolescence is relatively good. However, it is important to understand the characteristics of @entity6 and @entity5 in childhood and young adulthood and to perform accurate diagnosis via screening for nonorganic signs and excluding @entity3 by using the @entity7 @entity2 study and MEPs obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation.

title: Psychogenic @entity6 and XXXX in Adolescence.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Displaced midshaft clavicle fractures are frequent injuries. There are 3 treatment methods including conservative treatment, plate fixation, and intramedullary pin fixation. However, which is the best treatment remains a topic of debate.To establish the optimum treatment for displaced midshaft @entity2 , we did a network meta-analysis to compare 3 treatments in terms of postoperative nonunion and @entity3 .We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase for relevant @entity1 ( @entity1 ) until the end of October 2014. Two investigators independently reviewed the abstract and full text of eligible studies and extracted information. We used WinBUGS 1.4 (Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's, London) to perform our Bayesian network meta-analysis. We used the graphical tools in STATA12 (StataCorp, Texas) to present the results of statistical analyses of WinBUGS14. Nonunion and @entity3 were presented as odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also presented the results using surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). A higher SUCRA value suggests better results for respective treatment method.Thirteen @entity1 were included in our network meta-analysis, with a total of 894 @entity0 randomized to receive 1 of 3 treatments. Nonunion rates were 0.9%, 2.4%, and 11.4% for intramedullary pin fixation, plate fixation, and conservative method, respectively. Nonunion occurred more commonly in @entity0 treated with conservative method than in @entity0 treated with either plate fixation (OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.05-0.46) or intramedullary pin fixation (OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.01-0.50). There was no significant difference between plate and intramedullary pin fixation in nonunion (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 0.31-17.27). Furthermore, SUCRA probabilities were 87.8%, 62.0%, and 0.2% for intramedullary pin fixation, plate fixation, and conservative method, respectively. Infection rates were 3.6% and 3.9% for intramedullary pin fixation and plate fixation, respectively. There was no significant difference between plate and intramedullary pin fixation in @entity3 (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 0.31-17.27). SUCRA probabilities were 46.5% and 8.5% for intramedullary pin and plate fixation, respectively.Our network meta-analysis suggested that intramedullary pin fixation is the optimum treatment method for displaced midshaft @entity2 because of the low probabilities of nonunion and @entity3 .

title: Interventions for treating displaced midshaft XXXX : a bayesian network meta-analysis of @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Displaced midshaft clavicle fractures are frequent injuries. There are 3 treatment methods including conservative treatment, plate fixation, and intramedullary pin fixation. However, which is the best treatment remains a topic of debate.To establish the optimum treatment for displaced midshaft @entity2 , we did a network meta-analysis to compare 3 treatments in terms of postoperative nonunion and @entity3 .We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase for relevant @entity1 ( @entity1 ) until the end of October 2014. Two investigators independently reviewed the abstract and full text of eligible studies and extracted information. We used WinBUGS 1.4 (Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary's, London) to perform our Bayesian network meta-analysis. We used the graphical tools in STATA12 (StataCorp, Texas) to present the results of statistical analyses of WinBUGS14. Nonunion and @entity3 were presented as odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also presented the results using surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). A higher SUCRA value suggests better results for respective treatment method.Thirteen @entity1 were included in our network meta-analysis, with a total of 894 @entity0 randomized to receive 1 of 3 treatments. Nonunion rates were 0.9%, 2.4%, and 11.4% for intramedullary pin fixation, plate fixation, and conservative method, respectively. Nonunion occurred more commonly in @entity0 treated with conservative method than in @entity0 treated with either plate fixation (OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.05-0.46) or intramedullary pin fixation (OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.01-0.50). There was no significant difference between plate and intramedullary pin fixation in nonunion (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 0.31-17.27). Furthermore, SUCRA probabilities were 87.8%, 62.0%, and 0.2% for intramedullary pin fixation, plate fixation, and conservative method, respectively. Infection rates were 3.6% and 3.9% for intramedullary pin fixation and plate fixation, respectively. There was no significant difference between plate and intramedullary pin fixation in @entity3 (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 0.31-17.27). SUCRA probabilities were 46.5% and 8.5% for intramedullary pin and plate fixation, respectively.Our network meta-analysis suggested that intramedullary pin fixation is the optimum treatment method for displaced midshaft @entity2 because of the low probabilities of nonunion and @entity3 .

title: Interventions for treating displaced midshaft @entity2 : a bayesian network meta-analysis of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Research suggests that altered interregional connectivity in specific networks, such as the default mode network (DMN), is associated with cognitive and @entity3 in @entity2 . In addition, frontal and limbic connectivity alterations have been associated with @entity1 , drug use and urban upbringing, though these environmental exposures have never been examined in relation to DMN functional connectivity in @entity4 . METHODS: Resting-state functional MRI scans were obtained from 73 @entity0 with @entity4 , 83 non-psychotic siblings of @entity0 with @entity4 and 72 healthy controls. Posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) seed-based correlation analysis was used to estimate functional connectivity within the DMN. DMN functional connectivity was examined in relation to group (familial risk), group * environmental exposure (to cannabis, developmental @entity1 and urbanicity) and symptomatology. RESULTS: There was a significant association between group and PCC connectivity with the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), the precuneus (PCu) and the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). Compared to controls, @entity0 and siblings had increased PCC connectivity with the IPL, PCu and MPFC. In the IPL and PCu, the functional connectivity of siblings was intermediate to that of controls and @entity0 . No significant associations were found between DMN connectivity and (subclinical) @entity3 . In addition, there were no significant interactions between group and environmental exposures in the model of PCC functional connectivity. DISCUSSION: Increased functional connectivity in individuals with (increased risk for) @entity4 may reflect trait-related network alterations. The within-network "connectivity at rest" intermediate phenotype was not associated with (subclinical) @entity3 . The association between familial risk and DMN connectivity was not conditional on environmental exposure.

title: Default mode network connectivity as a function of familial and environmental risk for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: To report five cases of @entity2 following corneal inlay implantation for the surgical correction of @entity3 . METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational case series. Five eyes of five @entity0 were identified consecutively in two emergency departments during a 1-year period, from November 2013 to November 2014. @entity0 ' demographics, clinical features, treatment and outcomes are described. RESULTS: There were four female @entity0 and one male, aged 52-64   years. Three @entity0 had the KAMRA inlay (AcuFocus) and two had the Flexivue Microlens inlay (Presbia Co  peratief U.A.) inserted for the treatment of @entity3 and they presented from 6   days to 4   months postoperatively. Presenting uncorrected vision ranged from 6/38 to counting fingers. One @entity0 's corneal scrapings were positive for a putatively causative organism, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, and all @entity0 responded to broad-spectrum fortified topical antibiotics. All @entity0 lost vision with final uncorrected visual acuity ranging from 6/12 to 6/60 and best-corrected vision ranging from 6/7.5 to 6/12. Two @entity0 ' corneal inlays were explanted and three remained in situ at last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 can occur at an early or late stage following corneal inlay implantation. Final visual acuity can be limited by stromal scarring; in the cases where the infiltrate was small and off the @entity1 at the time of presentation, the final visual acuity was better than those @entity0 who presented with larger lesions affecting the @entity1 . Though infection may necessitate removal of the inlay, early positive response to treatment may enable the inlay to be left in situ.

title: Corneal inlay implantation complicated by XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 farming activities involve prolonged manual work and @entity0 -machine interaction. Prolonged farming risk-exposure may result in @entity6 . This @entity4 may increase the risk of @entity2 and physical disabilities. However, the prevalence and factors associated with @entity5 have not yet been reported. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of @entity5 among @entity3 farmers. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 249 @entity3 farmers. Lower extremity alignment assessment included: pelvic tilt angle, limb length equality, femoral torsion, quadriceps (Q) angle, tibiofemoral angle, genu recurvatum, rearfoot angle, and medial longitudinal arch angle. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze @entity0 characteristics and prevalence of @entity5 . Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors. RESULTS: The highest prevalence of @entity5 was foot pronation (36.14%), followed by the abnormal Q angle (34.94%), tibiofemoral angle (31.73%), pelvic tilt angle (30.52%), femoral antetorsion (28.11%), limb length inequality (22.49%), tibial torsion (21.29%), and genu recurvatum (11.24%). In females, the risk factors were abnormal Q angle, tibiofemoral angle, and genu recurvatum. Being overweight was a risk factor for abnormal pelvic tilt angle, Q angle, and tibiofemoral angle. Age was a risk factor for limb length inequality. Years of farming were a major risk factor for abnormal Q angle, tibiofemoral angle, and @entity4 . CONCLUSION: Prevalence of @entity5 was reported in this study. Female sex, being overweight, and years of farming were major risk factors for @entity5 . Lower extremity screening should assist in the identification of foot and knee @entity4 in @entity3 farmers. This may then lead to early prevention of @entity1 arising from such @entity4 .

title: Prevalence and risk factor analysis of lower extremity abnormal alignment characteristics among XXXX farmers.

answer: @entity3