abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies conducted in Australian hospital settings suggest high variability in assessments, investigations, and management of @entity1 and poor adherence to widely accessible evidence-based protocols and guidelines. @entity3 require a multidisciplinary approach and often involve both medical and surgical teams during inpatient care. AIMS: The aim of this clinical audit was to better understand the scope of @entity1 -related foot complications, evaluate whether current assessment and management strategies are in line with best practice guidelines, and to formulate future models of care. METHODS: A retrospective review of @entity0 was carried out between 12 July 2012 and 11 July 2013. Recorded assessments of inpatient care, including risk factors, surgery, length of stay, interdepartmental referrals, and antibiotic administration were reviewed. RESULTS: There were 24 admissions in 12 months (total @entity0 n=19). Fifty-eight per cent of @entity0 were admitted to the medical ward. More than one-quarter had evidence of @entity4 . While one @entity0 required intensive care unit (ICU) management, there was no inpatient mortality. Two @entity0 experienced significant delay to undergo initial surgical intervention presumably because of failed medical treatment. Clinical data was recorded poorly, especially regarding @entity2 , HbA1c, and clinical examination findings. Twelve per cent of @entity0 did not undergo any follow-up. The average length of stay was 12 days. One-half of the cohort was not evaluated by the endocrinology department. CONCLUSION: This audit highlights the need for improved care for @entity0 with @entity3 and better coordination among the multidisciplinary teams involved.

title: XXXX in a secondary foot hospital: A clinical audit.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The major fungal pathogen of @entity0 , @entity9 , is exposed to reactive @entity6 and @entity2 species following phagocytosis by host immune cells. In response to these toxins, this fungus activates potent anti-stress responses that include scavenging of reactive nitrosative and oxidative species via the @entity7 system. Here we examine the differential roles of two @entity7 recycling enzymes in redox homeostasis, stress adaptation and virulence in @entity9 : @entity7 reductase ( @entity12 ) and the @entity14 reductase (GSNOR), Fdh3. We show that the @entity5 -dependent @entity12 recycles @entity13 to @entity11 , is induced in response to oxidative stress and is required for resistance to macrophage killing. @entity12 deletion increases the sensitivity of @entity9 cells to @entity10 , but not to @entity4 or NO. In contrast, Fdh3 detoxifies GSNO to @entity13 and @entity8 , and FDH3 inactivation delays NO adaptation and increases NO sensitivity. @entity9 fdh3    cells are also sensitive to @entity4 , suggesting that Fdh3 also contributes to @entity4 detoxification. FDH3 is induced in response to nitrosative, oxidative and @entity4 stress, and fdh3   cells are more sensitive to killing by macrophages. Both @entity12 and Fdh3 contribute to virulence in the Galleria mellonella and @entity1 models of @entity3 . We conclude that @entity12 and Fdh3 play differential roles during the adaptation of @entity9 cells to oxidative, nitrosative and @entity4 stress, and hence during the colonisation of the host. Our findings emphasise the importance of the @entity7 system and the maintenance of intracellular redox homeostasis in this major pathogen.

title: Contribution of Fdh3 and @entity12 to XXXX Redox State, Stress Adaptation and Virulence in @entity9 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The major fungal pathogen of @entity0 , @entity9 , is exposed to reactive @entity6 and @entity2 species following phagocytosis by host immune cells. In response to these toxins, this fungus activates potent anti-stress responses that include scavenging of reactive nitrosative and oxidative species via the @entity7 system. Here we examine the differential roles of two @entity7 recycling enzymes in redox homeostasis, stress adaptation and virulence in @entity9 : @entity7 reductase ( @entity12 ) and the @entity14 reductase (GSNOR), Fdh3. We show that the @entity5 -dependent @entity12 recycles @entity13 to @entity11 , is induced in response to oxidative stress and is required for resistance to macrophage killing. @entity12 deletion increases the sensitivity of @entity9 cells to @entity10 , but not to @entity4 or NO. In contrast, Fdh3 detoxifies GSNO to @entity13 and @entity8 , and FDH3 inactivation delays NO adaptation and increases NO sensitivity. @entity9 fdh3    cells are also sensitive to @entity4 , suggesting that Fdh3 also contributes to @entity4 detoxification. FDH3 is induced in response to nitrosative, oxidative and @entity4 stress, and fdh3   cells are more sensitive to killing by macrophages. Both @entity12 and Fdh3 contribute to virulence in the Galleria mellonella and @entity1 models of @entity3 . We conclude that @entity12 and Fdh3 play differential roles during the adaptation of @entity9 cells to oxidative, nitrosative and @entity4 stress, and hence during the colonisation of the host. Our findings emphasise the importance of the @entity7 system and the maintenance of intracellular redox homeostasis in this major pathogen.

title: Contribution of Fdh3 and XXXX to @entity7 Redox State, Stress Adaptation and Virulence in @entity9 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The major fungal pathogen of @entity0 , @entity9 , is exposed to reactive @entity6 and @entity2 species following phagocytosis by host immune cells. In response to these toxins, this fungus activates potent anti-stress responses that include scavenging of reactive nitrosative and oxidative species via the @entity7 system. Here we examine the differential roles of two @entity7 recycling enzymes in redox homeostasis, stress adaptation and virulence in @entity9 : @entity7 reductase ( @entity12 ) and the @entity14 reductase (GSNOR), Fdh3. We show that the @entity5 -dependent @entity12 recycles @entity13 to @entity11 , is induced in response to oxidative stress and is required for resistance to macrophage killing. @entity12 deletion increases the sensitivity of @entity9 cells to @entity10 , but not to @entity4 or NO. In contrast, Fdh3 detoxifies GSNO to @entity13 and @entity8 , and FDH3 inactivation delays NO adaptation and increases NO sensitivity. @entity9 fdh3    cells are also sensitive to @entity4 , suggesting that Fdh3 also contributes to @entity4 detoxification. FDH3 is induced in response to nitrosative, oxidative and @entity4 stress, and fdh3   cells are more sensitive to killing by macrophages. Both @entity12 and Fdh3 contribute to virulence in the Galleria mellonella and @entity1 models of @entity3 . We conclude that @entity12 and Fdh3 play differential roles during the adaptation of @entity9 cells to oxidative, nitrosative and @entity4 stress, and hence during the colonisation of the host. Our findings emphasise the importance of the @entity7 system and the maintenance of intracellular redox homeostasis in this major pathogen.

title: Contribution of Fdh3 and @entity12 to @entity7 Redox State, Stress Adaptation and Virulence in XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity6 is one of the most common causes of acute @entity5 . Accurate diagnosis is often hindered due to various presentations that differ from the typical signs of @entity7 , especially the position of the appendix. A delay in diagnosis or treatment may result in increased risks of complications, such as perforation, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. @entity2 caused by @entity7 is extremely rare. We herein report a case of 50-year-old @entity0 presenting with an @entity9 in local hospital. After ten days of conservative treatment with intravenous antibiotics, the @entity0 complained about @entity3 and swelling of the right lower limb and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a @entity9 and gas and fluid collection extending from his retroperitoneal cavity to the subcutaneous layer of his right loin and right lower limb. He was transferred to our hospital and was diagnosed with @entity2 caused by @entity7 . Emergency surgery including surgical debridement and appendectomy was performed. However, the @entity0 died of severe @entity4 and @entity8 two days after the operation. This case represents an unusual complication of a common disease and we should bear in mind that retroperitoneal @entity1 and/or abscesses may cause @entity2 through lumbar triangles.

title: @entity2 caused by XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity6 is one of the most common causes of acute @entity5 . Accurate diagnosis is often hindered due to various presentations that differ from the typical signs of @entity7 , especially the position of the appendix. A delay in diagnosis or treatment may result in increased risks of complications, such as perforation, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. @entity2 caused by @entity7 is extremely rare. We herein report a case of 50-year-old @entity0 presenting with an @entity9 in local hospital. After ten days of conservative treatment with intravenous antibiotics, the @entity0 complained about @entity3 and swelling of the right lower limb and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a @entity9 and gas and fluid collection extending from his retroperitoneal cavity to the subcutaneous layer of his right loin and right lower limb. He was transferred to our hospital and was diagnosed with @entity2 caused by @entity7 . Emergency surgery including surgical debridement and appendectomy was performed. However, the @entity0 died of severe @entity4 and @entity8 two days after the operation. This case represents an unusual complication of a common disease and we should bear in mind that retroperitoneal @entity1 and/or abscesses may cause @entity2 through lumbar triangles.

title: XXXX caused by @entity7 : a case report.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to examine the prognostic value of Ki-67 expression in conversion therapy for colorectal liver-confined @entity1 . METHODS: We enrolled a total of 96 @entity0 including 54 @entity0 who received @entity3 - or @entity4 -based chemotherapy and curative hepatectomy for initially unresectable @entity1 (conversion group) and 42 @entity0 with initially resectable liver @entity1 (straight hepatectomy group). Ki-67 expression was examined in 96 resected specimens but excluded the 2 specimens that revealed no @entity2 cells in conversion group. RESULTS: Conversion therapy leads to greater survival that is equivalent to that straight hepatectomy group. In conversion group, high Ki-67 expression (> 30%) levels were detectable in 33 @entity0 (64%) after chemotherapy prior to conversion therapy. High Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival and worse overall survival (P < 0.01 in both), and was an independent worse prognostic factor of disease-free survival and overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] and P-values were 5.608, 0.001 and 5.366, 0.04, respectively) in @entity0 with conversion therapy. Interestingly, even in the @entity0 with RECIST PR (n = 32), high Ki-67 expression was significantly shorter disease-free survival compared to low Ki-67 expression (P < 0.001). In contrast to conversion group, there was no significant difference in disease free survival and overall survival between low (n = 14, 33%) and high (n = 28, 67%) Ki-67 expressions in @entity0 with straight hepatectomy (P = 0.14 and 0.74, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Residual Ki-67 expression is a useful biomarker for worse prognostic outcomes after conversion therapy. High Ki-67 expression may be a biomarker of micrometastases containing aggressive @entity2 cells.

title: Prognostic value of Ki-67 expression in conversion therapy for colorectal liver-limited XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the study was to evaluate the adhesion abilities of the @entity1 bacterium Asaia bogorensis to glass and @entity0 in the presence of American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) juice. The strain of A. bogorensis used was isolated from spoiled commercial fruit-flavored drinking water. The cranberry juice was analyzed for @entity4 , organic acids, and @entity2 using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. The adhesive abilities of bacterial cells in culture medium supplemented with cranberry juice were determined using luminometry and microscopy. The viability of adhered and planktonic bacterial cells was determined by the plate count method, and the relative adhesion coefficient was calculated. This strain of A. bogorensis was characterized by strong adhesion properties that were dependent upon the type of surface. The highest level of cell adhesion was found on the @entity0 . However, in the presence of 10% cranberry juice, attachment of bacterial cells was three times lower. Chemical analysis of juice revealed the presence of @entity2 , organic acids, and @entity3 , which were identified as @entity8 , @entity9 , and @entity7 of @entity6 and @entity10 . A-type @entity5 responsible for the antiadhesion properties of V. macrocarpon also were detected.

title: Adhesion of Asaia bogorensis to Glass and XXXX in the Presence of Cranberry Juice.

answer: @entity0


abstract: " NlmCategory=: @entity5 is the most common cause of hospitalization in the Department of @entity1 . Comprehensive rehabilitation is essential for regaining lost functional efficiency. AIM: The aim of study was to evaluate the effectiveness of @entity3 rehabilitation program in 57 @entity0 with first-ever @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 57 @entity0 (27 @entity0 , 30 @entity0 ) aged from 47 to 89. @entity0 were admitted for comprehensive rehabilitation, lasted an average of 25 days. The treatment program consisted of exercises aimed at reeducation of posture and gait. In addition, physical treatments were used. Evaluation of the effectiveness of rehabilitation was measured using the Activity Daily Living scale, Modified Rankin Scale, Rivermead Measure Assessment ( @entity6 -global movements, RMA2-lower limb and trunk, RMA3-upper limb) and the psychological tests - Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS: As a result of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment, functional status and mental health improvement was observed in relation to the ADL scale by 32% ( @entity0 36%, @entity0 30%), Rankin scale by 22% ( @entity0 22%, @entity0 21%). In the RMA, improvement was observed with the statistical significance of p=0.001 in all of the subscales. The highest rate of improvement affected upper limb function: RMA/3 (41%). In other subscales @entity0 have achieved statistically more significant improvement than @entity0 ( @entity6 -43% versus 25%; RMA/2-41% versus 30%). The results related to the psychological assessment showed statistically significant GDS improvement p<0.001 (<60 years old) and BDI (> 60 years old) in test @entity0 (p=0.038). Spearman correlation coefficient showed no relation between mental state and functional improvement (GDS versus ADL; BDI versus ADL). CONCLUSIONS: The 25 days comprehensive rehabilitation program during the subacute @entity2 phase affects mainly the improvement of upper limb function. @entity0 have achieved better functional improvement in all of the parameters. In addition, it was observed that symptoms of @entity4 were presented in all study group, and the improvement of mental focused primarily on @entity0 after 60 years old.

title: [The effectiveness of comprehensive rehabilitation after a first episode of XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 and activities of daily living (ADLs) deficits are common problems among elderly @entity0 who visit general practitioners (GPs). OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the probability of visiting a GP is related to @entity2 , and whether these factors act synergistically towards GP visits. METHODS: A total of 3097 subjects aged >= 65 years from the Austrian Health Interview Survey formed the cohort. Visiting the GP in the last 4 weeks, @entity3 ( @entity3 ; @entity2 for at least 3 months) and deficits in ADLs across 11 dimensions were reported. Binary logistic regression models were applied and were stepwise controlled for possible confounders. Based on odds ratios (OR), the synergy index (SI), population attributable fraction (PAF) and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) were calculated. RESULTS: Overall, 61.0% visited their GP; 51.2% were affected by @entity1 and 42.2% by @entity3 . In subjects with @entity1 , the OR for GP consultation was 1.32 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.56) and in subjects with @entity3 , 1.93 (95% CI 1.63-2.27) in the fully adjusted model. The OR for those affected by both was 2.56 (95% CI 2.08-3.15); SI was 1.82 (95% CI 1.04-3.18), PAF was 0.27 (95% CI 0.08-0.47) and RERI was 0.70 (95% CI 0.13-1.27). CONCLUSION: There is a strong synergistic effect of @entity3 in ADL in @entity0 >= 65 years on visiting the GP. Prevention, screening, treatment and rehabilitation in this population should focus on both @entity3 .

title: Synergistic effect of XXXX in ADL towards general practitioner visits.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Various programs and interventions are available for the rehabilitation of @entity0 who have undergone surgery for symptomatic @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Our aim is to determine the value of the different rehabilitation interventions included in the postoperative treatment of @entity0 with symptomatic @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Systematic review. Search in electronic data bases--from January 2000 to October 2012. Two independent reviewers certified in the use of the PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Data Base) scale assessed the clinical trials included in the final version; only those with high methodological quality were included. A third reviewer acted as arbitrator in case of discrepancy between reviewers. The reviewers were blinded to the authors, institutions and journals to increase the precision of their ratings and the inter-reviewer validity. RESULTS: Fifteen clinical trials were reviewed by the reviewers; 8 (53.3%) were considered as having a high methodological quality (average of 7.7/10). Were randomized 1099 @entity0 to different treatment groups. It was not possible to conduct a meta-analysis with the clinical trial data due to the multiple interventions and outcome measures used. CONCLUSIONS: An immediate rehabilitation program is recommended in @entity0 undergoing microiskectomy for the first time. Cognitive intervention with positive reinforcement together with exercise is an effective treatment. It is even considered as an alternative to vertebral fusion in @entity0 who underwent @entity1 surgery with symptom recurrence after the first surgery. The results of early postoperative activity are usually excellent and involve no complications. The number and the methodological quality of the clinical trials on this topic need to be increased to justify the usefulness of these interventions in the daily clinical practice.

title: [Postoperative treatment for XXXX during rehabilitation. Systematic review].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Stigma may negatively impact individuals with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, most studies in the field have been based on the use of direct measurement methods for assessing stigma. This study examined public stigma towards individuals with @entity1 within a representative sample of the Israeli public by comparing direct versus indirect questioning. METHODS: Vignette methodology was utilised with two questionnaire versions. In the direct questionnaire (n   =   306), the @entity0 were asked how they would think, feel and behave if a @entity0 with @entity1 asked them a question in a public place. In the indirect questionnaire (n   =   301), the @entity0 were asked to report how a hypothetical 'other @entity0 ' would think, feel and behave in the same situation. RESULTS: Higher levels of stigma were reported among @entity0 that answered the indirect questionnaire version. Furthermore, among those @entity0 that answered the indirect questionnaire version, subjective knowledge of @entity1 was a less important correlate of stigma than for those @entity0 that answered the direct questionnaire. CONCLUSION: Several explanations are suggested for the finding that indirect questioning elicits more negative stigmatic attitudes. Among others, indirect questioning may be a more appropriate methodology for eliciting immediate beliefs. Furthermore, the results call for implementing a comprehensive, multi-level programme to change stigma.

title: Public stigma in XXXX : do direct versus indirect questions make a difference?

answer: @entity1


abstract: Reaction-diffusion models have been widely used to model @entity1 growth. However, it has not been shown how accurately this model can predict @entity0 status using model parameters (i.e., @entity0 cell diffusion and proliferation) estimated from quantitative in vivo imaging data. To this end, we used in silico studies to develop the methods needed to accurately estimate @entity0 specific reaction-diffusion model parameters, and then tested the accuracy with which these parameters can predict future growth. The analogous study was then performed in a @entity2 model of @entity1 growth. The parameter estimation approach was tested using an in silico @entity0 'grown' for ten days as dictated by the reaction-diffusion equation. Parameters were estimated from early time points and used to predict subsequent growth. Prediction accuracy was assessed at global (total volume and Dice value) and local (concordance correlation coefficient, CCC) levels. Guided by the in silico study, @entity3 (n  =  9) with @entity4 , imaged with diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging, were used to evaluate the model's accuracy for predicting in vivo @entity0 growth. The in silico study resulted in low global ( @entity0 volume error <8.8%, Dice >0.92) and local (CCC values >0.80) level errors for predictions up to six days into the future. The in vivo study showed higher global ( @entity0 volume error >11.7%, Dice <0.81) and higher local (CCC <0.33) level errors over the same time period. The in silico study shows that model parameters can be accurately estimated and used to accurately predict @entity0 growth at both the global and local scale. However, the poor predictive accuracy in the experimental study suggests the reaction-diffusion equation is an incomplete description of in vivo C6 @entity1 biology and may require further modeling of intra- @entity0 interactions including segmentation of (for example) proliferative and @entity5 regions.

title: Predicting in vivo XXXX growth with the reaction diffusion equation constrained by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging data.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the microscopic characteristics of liver metastases from @entity2 (LMCRC) invasion and provides a reference for expansion from gross @entity1 volume (GTV) to clinical targeting volume (CTV). METHODS: Data from 129 LMCRC @entity0 treated by surgical resection at our hospital between January 2008 and September 2009 were collected for study. Tissue sections used for pathology and clinical data were reviewed. @entity0 information used for the study included gender, age, original @entity1 site, number of @entity1 , @entity1 size, levels of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 antigen 199 (CA199), synchronous or metachronous liver metastases, and whether @entity0 received chemotherapy. The distance of liver microinvasion from the @entity1 boundary was measured microscopically by two senior pathologists. RESULTS: Of 129 @entity0 evaluated, 81 (62.8  %) presented microinvasion distances from the @entity1 boundary ranging between 1.0   -   7.0  mm. A GTV-to-CTV expansion of 5, 6.7, or 7.0  mm was required to provide a 95, 99, or 100  % probability, respectively, of obtaining clear resection margins by microscopic observation. The extent of invasion was not related to gender, age, synchronous or metachronous liver metastases, @entity1 size, CA199 level, or chemotherapy. The extent of invasion was related to original @entity1 site, @entity3 level, and number of @entity1 . A scoring system was established based on the latter three positive predictors. Using this system, an invasion distance less than 3  mm was measured in 93.4  % of @entity0 with a score of  <=1 point, but in only 85.7  % of @entity0 with a score of  <=2 points. CONCLUSIONS: The extent of @entity1 invasion in our LMCRC @entity0 cohort correlated with original @entity1 site, @entity3 level, and number of @entity1 . These positive predictors may potentially be used as a scoring system for determining GTV-to-CTV expansion.

title: Microinvasion of liver metastases from XXXX : predictive factors and application for determining clinical target volume.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 affect @entity0 's @entity2 and are poorly understood. Although many treatments have been evaluated, there is no one "gold standard" treatment. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate what treatments for female @entity1 have been evaluated in clinical studies and their effectiveness. The search strategy resulted in 65 papers included in this review. The articles were divided into the following categories: medical treatments; surgical treatments; physical therapies; psychological therapies; comparative treatment studies; and miscellaneous and combined treatments. Topical and systemic medical treatments have generally been found to lead to improvements in, but not complete relief of, @entity1 , and side effects are quite common. Surgical procedures have demonstrated very high success rates, although there has been variability in complete relief of @entity1 after surgery, which suggests less invasive treatments should be considered first. Physical therapies and psychological therapies have been shown to be promising treatments, supporting a biopsychosocial approach to @entity3 . Although most of the interventions described have been reported as effective, many @entity0 still experience @entity1 . A multidisciplinary team with active @entity0 involvement may be needed to optimize treatment outcome.

title: Treatment of Female XXXX : A Systematic Review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 cyclase of homogenates or lysates of @entity0 and @entity1 lymphoid tissues was activated by the addition of @entity3 ion, @entity4 , or @entity2 , but not by any of several other hormones. The @entity6 stimulation was characterized as beta-adrenergic. This activity was localized in the small lymphoid cells, was greater in thymic than in splenic or mesenteric node cells, and also was greater in @entity0 than in @entity1 cells. @entity6 -stimulated activity of @entity0 thymocytes remained constant from the 17-19th day of fetal development to 5 weeks after birth; it subsequently decreased to about one-half of the activity by 7-8 weeks. Similar decreases with age occurred in @entity0 spleen and @entity1 thymus. In contrast, the glucagon-stimulated activity of @entity1 liver increased during a similar period. Hypophysectomy of @entity1 at 3 weeks did not influence the amount of cyclase activity of thymocytes assayed at 7 weeks. When intact @entity0 thymocytes were first incubated in a culture medium at 37 degrees C with @entity4 or @entity2 , a second addition of @entity6 after cell lysis no longer stimulated the enzymes. This loss of stimulation was selective, since basal activity and stimulation by @entity3 ion were not affected. Incubation of intact cells with phytohemagglutinin markedly decreased the activity of lysates, whether assayed in the presence or absence of @entity6 or @entity3 . In contrast, phytohemagglutinin added directly to the assay had no effect. No alternations occurred in adenylate cyclase activity as a result of the incubation of a 1:1 mixture of thymocytes from two strains of @entity0 selected for the capacity of the cells to produce a mixed lymphocyte response.

title: Properties of XXXX cyclase of lymphoid cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) carries a small risk of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We conducted a systematic literature review and reported new four @entity2 cases (total N   =   217). Eighty eight percent had @entity5 and 8% had sickle cell disease; 50% were @entity0 . Males had 2.4* risk than females. Isolated @entity3 or in combination with @entity4 was the presenting sign in 66% cases. Tumor-related mortality was 95%. Four non-metastatic @entity0 were long-term disease-free survivors. Although risk appears to be very low, individuals with @entity5 should be informed about the low risk of @entity2 with the hope of early diagnosis. @entity3 should prompt immediate investigation. Pediatr @entity1 2015;62:1694-1699.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: XXXX and sickle cell trait: A systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoid has a direct catabolic effect on skeletal muscle, leading to @entity6 , but no effective pharmacotherapy is available. We reported that @entity12 (CB) induced @entity13 and slow-to-fast @entity10 ( @entity10 ) isoform transition through direct muscle b2-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Thus, we hypothesized that CB would antagonize glucocorticoid ( @entity4 ; @entity11 )-induced @entity6 and fast-to-slow @entity10 isoform transition. METHODOLOGY: We examined the effect of CB on @entity11 -induced @entity6 by measuring masseter muscle weight, fiber diameter, cross-sectional area, and @entity10 ( @entity10 ) composition. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, we used immunoblotting to study the effects of CB on muscle @entity5 signaling ( @entity2 ( @entity2 ) expression, @entity3 / @entity0 target of @entity8 ( @entity9 ) pathway, and calcineurin pathway) and @entity7 signaling ( @entity3 /Forkhead box-O (FOXO) pathway and @entity14 expression) in masseter muscle of @entity1 treated with @entity11 and/or CB. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Masseter muscle weight in the @entity11 -treated group was significantly lower than that in the Control group, as expected, but co-treatment with CB suppressed the @entity11 -induced @entity6 , concomitantly with inhibition of fast-to-slow @entity10 isoforms transition. Activation of the @entity3 / @entity9 pathway in masseter muscle of the @entity11 -treated group was significantly inhibited compared to that of the Control group, and CB suppressed this inhibition. @entity11 also suppressed expression of @entity2 (positive regulator of muscle growth), and CB attenuated this inhibition. @entity14 protein expression was unchanged. CB had no effect on activation of the @entity3 /FOXO pathway. These results indicate that CB antagonizes @entity11 -induced @entity6 and fast-to-slow @entity10 isoform transition via modulation of @entity3 / @entity9 activity and @entity2 expression. CB might be a useful pharmacological agent for treatment of glucocorticoid-induced @entity6 .

title: Protective Effects of @entity12 against @entity4 -Induced XXXX and @entity10 Transition.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoid has a direct catabolic effect on skeletal muscle, leading to @entity6 , but no effective pharmacotherapy is available. We reported that @entity12 (CB) induced @entity13 and slow-to-fast @entity10 ( @entity10 ) isoform transition through direct muscle b2-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Thus, we hypothesized that CB would antagonize glucocorticoid ( @entity4 ; @entity11 )-induced @entity6 and fast-to-slow @entity10 isoform transition. METHODOLOGY: We examined the effect of CB on @entity11 -induced @entity6 by measuring masseter muscle weight, fiber diameter, cross-sectional area, and @entity10 ( @entity10 ) composition. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, we used immunoblotting to study the effects of CB on muscle @entity5 signaling ( @entity2 ( @entity2 ) expression, @entity3 / @entity0 target of @entity8 ( @entity9 ) pathway, and calcineurin pathway) and @entity7 signaling ( @entity3 /Forkhead box-O (FOXO) pathway and @entity14 expression) in masseter muscle of @entity1 treated with @entity11 and/or CB. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Masseter muscle weight in the @entity11 -treated group was significantly lower than that in the Control group, as expected, but co-treatment with CB suppressed the @entity11 -induced @entity6 , concomitantly with inhibition of fast-to-slow @entity10 isoforms transition. Activation of the @entity3 / @entity9 pathway in masseter muscle of the @entity11 -treated group was significantly inhibited compared to that of the Control group, and CB suppressed this inhibition. @entity11 also suppressed expression of @entity2 (positive regulator of muscle growth), and CB attenuated this inhibition. @entity14 protein expression was unchanged. CB had no effect on activation of the @entity3 /FOXO pathway. These results indicate that CB antagonizes @entity11 -induced @entity6 and fast-to-slow @entity10 isoform transition via modulation of @entity3 / @entity9 activity and @entity2 expression. CB might be a useful pharmacological agent for treatment of glucocorticoid-induced @entity6 .

title: Protective Effects of @entity12 against @entity4 -Induced @entity6 and XXXX Transition.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoid has a direct catabolic effect on skeletal muscle, leading to @entity6 , but no effective pharmacotherapy is available. We reported that @entity12 (CB) induced @entity13 and slow-to-fast @entity10 ( @entity10 ) isoform transition through direct muscle b2-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Thus, we hypothesized that CB would antagonize glucocorticoid ( @entity4 ; @entity11 )-induced @entity6 and fast-to-slow @entity10 isoform transition. METHODOLOGY: We examined the effect of CB on @entity11 -induced @entity6 by measuring masseter muscle weight, fiber diameter, cross-sectional area, and @entity10 ( @entity10 ) composition. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, we used immunoblotting to study the effects of CB on muscle @entity5 signaling ( @entity2 ( @entity2 ) expression, @entity3 / @entity0 target of @entity8 ( @entity9 ) pathway, and calcineurin pathway) and @entity7 signaling ( @entity3 /Forkhead box-O (FOXO) pathway and @entity14 expression) in masseter muscle of @entity1 treated with @entity11 and/or CB. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Masseter muscle weight in the @entity11 -treated group was significantly lower than that in the Control group, as expected, but co-treatment with CB suppressed the @entity11 -induced @entity6 , concomitantly with inhibition of fast-to-slow @entity10 isoforms transition. Activation of the @entity3 / @entity9 pathway in masseter muscle of the @entity11 -treated group was significantly inhibited compared to that of the Control group, and CB suppressed this inhibition. @entity11 also suppressed expression of @entity2 (positive regulator of muscle growth), and CB attenuated this inhibition. @entity14 protein expression was unchanged. CB had no effect on activation of the @entity3 /FOXO pathway. These results indicate that CB antagonizes @entity11 -induced @entity6 and fast-to-slow @entity10 isoform transition via modulation of @entity3 / @entity9 activity and @entity2 expression. CB might be a useful pharmacological agent for treatment of glucocorticoid-induced @entity6 .

title: Protective Effects of XXXX against @entity4 -Induced @entity6 and @entity10 Transition.

answer: @entity12


abstract: BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoid has a direct catabolic effect on skeletal muscle, leading to @entity6 , but no effective pharmacotherapy is available. We reported that @entity12 (CB) induced @entity13 and slow-to-fast @entity10 ( @entity10 ) isoform transition through direct muscle b2-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Thus, we hypothesized that CB would antagonize glucocorticoid ( @entity4 ; @entity11 )-induced @entity6 and fast-to-slow @entity10 isoform transition. METHODOLOGY: We examined the effect of CB on @entity11 -induced @entity6 by measuring masseter muscle weight, fiber diameter, cross-sectional area, and @entity10 ( @entity10 ) composition. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, we used immunoblotting to study the effects of CB on muscle @entity5 signaling ( @entity2 ( @entity2 ) expression, @entity3 / @entity0 target of @entity8 ( @entity9 ) pathway, and calcineurin pathway) and @entity7 signaling ( @entity3 /Forkhead box-O (FOXO) pathway and @entity14 expression) in masseter muscle of @entity1 treated with @entity11 and/or CB. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Masseter muscle weight in the @entity11 -treated group was significantly lower than that in the Control group, as expected, but co-treatment with CB suppressed the @entity11 -induced @entity6 , concomitantly with inhibition of fast-to-slow @entity10 isoforms transition. Activation of the @entity3 / @entity9 pathway in masseter muscle of the @entity11 -treated group was significantly inhibited compared to that of the Control group, and CB suppressed this inhibition. @entity11 also suppressed expression of @entity2 (positive regulator of muscle growth), and CB attenuated this inhibition. @entity14 protein expression was unchanged. CB had no effect on activation of the @entity3 /FOXO pathway. These results indicate that CB antagonizes @entity11 -induced @entity6 and fast-to-slow @entity10 isoform transition via modulation of @entity3 / @entity9 activity and @entity2 expression. CB might be a useful pharmacological agent for treatment of glucocorticoid-induced @entity6 .

title: Protective Effects of @entity12 against XXXX -Induced @entity6 and @entity10 Transition.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: Remote Aboriginal communities in Australia experience high rates of bacterial sexually transmissible @entity1 (STIs). To control the transmission and decrease the risk of complications, frequent STI testing combined with timely treatment is required, yet significant delays in treatment have been reported. Perceived barriers to timely treatment for asymptomatic @entity0 in remote communities were explored. Methods: A qualitative study was undertaken as part of the STRIVE (STIs in Remote communities, ImproVed and Enhanced primary health care) project; a cluster randomised controlled trial of a @entity2 improvement program. During 2012, we conducted 36 in-depth interviews with staff in 22 clinics in remote Australia. Results: @entity0 included registered nurses (72%) and Aboriginal health practitioners (28%). A key barrier to timely treatment was infrequent transportation of specimens to laboratories often hundreds of kilometres away from clinics. Within clinics, there were delays checking and actioning test results, and under-utilisation of systems to recall @entity0 . @entity0 also described difficulties in physically locating @entity0 due to: (i) high mobility between communities; and (ii) low levels of community knowledge created by high staff turnover. @entity0 also suggested strategies to overcome some barriers such as dedicated clinical time to follow-up recalls and taking treatment out to @entity0 . Conclusions: @entity0 identified barriers to timely STI treatment in remote Aboriginal communities, and systems to address some of the barriers. Innovative strategies such as point-of-care testing or increased support for actioning results, coupled with incentives to individual @entity0 to attend for results, may also assist in decreasing the time to treatment.

title: Reasons for delays in treatment of bacterial sexually transmissible XXXX in remote Aboriginal communities in Australia: a qualitative study of healthcentre staff.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We investigated the effects of exogenous @entity11 (SP) on adipocyte differentiation, lipid accumulation, and the mRNA expression levels of adipogenesis-related genes in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Differentiation of pre-adipocytes was induced by @entity8 ( @entity4 : @entity4 , @entity1 : @entity7 , and insulin), in the presence or absence of SP. Adipogenesis was stimulated by SP in a concentration-dependent manner. SP also induced the expression of genes encoding @entity12 , @entity5 , and adiponectin, but had no effect on cell proliferation. Exogenous @entity0 did not promote adipogenesis or lipid accumulation. @entity3 inhibited adipogenesis initiated by @entity8 , but failed to influence the effects of SP on adipogenesis, whereas @entity2 inhibited adipogenesis regardless of whether SP was present. The pro-adipogenic properties of SP were limited to the early events of adipogenesis. To determine whether SP mimics the adipogenic action of @entity1 or insulin, we examined the effects of SP on adipogenesis with combinations of @entity4 , @entity7 , and insulin. SP did not improve incomplete lipid accumulation observed in cells grown under @entity4 -, @entity7 -, or insulin-free conditions. Insulin-stimulated ERK1/2 phosphorylation was diminished by SP, while phosphorylation of Akt was increased, correlating with increased @entity0 uptake in response to insulin. We also observed that SP stimulated immediate early expression of @entity10 and @entity9  . The PPARy antagonist @entity6 inhibited adipogenesis. Our findings highlight the adipogenic function of exogenous SP by stimulating early events of adipogenesis.

title: Exogenous XXXX stimulates adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells.

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data on global (IV-G) and segmental (IV-S) diffuse proliferative @entity6 (DPLN) in @entity0 are lacking. METHODS: To determine the clinicopathology and prognosis of DPLN subclasses IV-G and IV-S, we analyzed the clinical, laboratory, and demographic data of 56 @entity0 aged <18  years diagnosed with DPLN [36 (64.3  %) with IV-G; 20 (35.7  %) with IV-S] between 2004 and 2013. Clinical endpoints were: (1) complete remission (CR), (2) @entity4 [CKD; defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60  mL/ @entity5 .73  m(2) or @entity2 ( @entity2 )], and (3) death. RESULTS: @entity3 and the activity index were higher in @entity0 with IV-G (p   <   0.05). Global endocapillary proliferation and leukocyte exudation were predominant in IV-G @entity0 , whereas segmental endocapillary proliferation was predominant in @entity0 with IV-S (p   <   0.005). CR rates in IV-G and IV-S @entity0 were 50 and 60  %, respectively (p   =   0.47). Renal survival rates, defined as an eGFR of >= 60  mL/ @entity5 .73  m(2), were 93, 78, and 64  % at 1, 5, and 10  years, respectively. @entity0 survival rates at 1, 5, and 10  years were 98, 96, and 91  %, respectively. @entity0 and renal survival rates were similar in both subclasses. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity0 with IV-G and IV-S displayed some clinical and histopathological disparities, renal outcomes were similar. The majority of @entity0 with DPLN reached adulthood but accrued significant @entity1 . Treatment regimens which can slow the progression of CKD are needed.

title: Long-term renal outcomes of childhood-onset global and segmental diffuse proliferative XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Opioid substitution treatment (OST) has been implemented in Taiwan since 2006. We estimated the life expectancy (LE) and expected years of life lost (EYLL) in a cohort of @entity2 users stratified by OST for comparison. METHODS: A total of 1283 @entity2 users recruited from 2006 to 2008 were linked to the National Mortality Registry until the end of 2011. Among them, 983 received OST, while 300 did not. Kaplan-Meier estimation for survival was performed, and it was extrapolated to 50 years to obtain the LE using a semi-parametric method. We further estimated the EYLL for both cohorts by subtracting their life expectancies from the age- and sex-matched referents of the general population. Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated and compared with the national cohort to validate the representativeness of this sample. RESULTS: After extrapolation to 50 years of survival, the estimated average LE and EYLL were 27.4 and 10.6 for OST subjects, respectively, while those of the non-OST were 20.2 and 18.4 years. The all-cause mortality rates (per 1000 @entity0 -years) in the observational period for the OST and non-OST group were 15.5 and 23.9, respectively, representing a 7.5- and 10.2-fold @entity3 compared to the general population, indicating a high representativeness for our sample. But @entity3 of suicide mortality elevated 16.2 and 3.1 folds in OST and non-OST group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: OST saves 7.8 EYLL more than non-OST after accounting for lead time bias. Effective suicide prevention programs could enhance its life-saving effect, especially among those co-morbid with @entity1 .

title: Estimation of life expectancy and the expected years of life lost among XXXX users in the era of opioid substitution treatment (OST) in Taiwan.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The US @entity3 ( @entity3 ) incidence is 3-4% of 22.3 million diagnosed @entity0 cases plus 6.3 million undiagnosed, 858 000 cases total. Risk of recurrence after healing is 30% annually. @entity1 ( @entity4 ) surgery reduces neuropathic @entity3 (nDFU) recurrence risk by >80%. Cost effectiveness of hypothetical @entity4 implementation to minimize nDFU recurrence is compared to the current  6.171 billion annual nDFU expense. A literature review identified best estimates of annual incidence, recurrence risk, medical management expense, and noneconomic costs for @entity3 . Illustrative cost/benefit calculations were performed assuming widespread application of bilateral @entity4 after wound healing to the nDFU problem, using Center for Medicare Services mean expense data of  1143/case for unilateral lower extremity @entity4 . Calculations use conservative, evidence-based cost figures, which are contemporary (2012) or adjusted for inflation. Widespread adoption of @entity4 after nDFU healing could reduce annual @entity3 occurrences by at least 21% in the third year and 24% by year 5, representing calculated cost savings of  1.296 billion (year 3) to  1.481 billion (year 5). This scenario proffers significant expense reduction and societal benefit, and represents a minimum 1.9* return on the investment cost for surgical treatment. Further large cost savings would require reductions in initial @entity3 incidence, which @entity4 might achieve by selective application to advanced @entity2 ( @entity2 ). By minimizing the contribution of recurrences to yearly nDFU incidence, @entity4 has potential to reduce by nearly  1 billion the annual cost of @entity3 treatment in the United States.

title: Illustration of Cost Saving Implications of Lower Extremity Nerve Decompression to Prevent Recurrence of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a rapidly developing, non-invasive technique for local treatment of solid @entity0 that produce coagulative @entity0 @entity1 . This study is aimed to investigate the feasibility of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) on early assessing treatment of HIFU ablation in @entity3 with VX2 @entity4 . HIFU ablation was performed on normal liver and VX2 @entity0 in @entity3 , and MRS was performed on normal liver and VX2 @entity0 before and 2 days after 100% HIFU ablation or 80% ablation in @entity0 volume. @entity6 ( @entity5 ) and @entity6 /lipid ( @entity5 /Lip) ratios between complete and partial HIFU ablation of @entity0 were compared. Tissues were harvested and sequentially sliced to confirm the @entity1 . In normal liver, the @entity5 value liver was not obviously changed after HIFU (P > .05), but the @entity5 /Lip ratio was decreased (P < .05). @entity5 in liver VX2 @entity0 was much higher than that in normal liver (P < .001). @entity5 and @entity5 /Lip ratio were significantly decreased in @entity0 after complete HIFU ablation and partial HIFU ablation, and the @entity5 value in complete HIFU @entity0 ablation did not show any difference from that in normal liver after HIFU (P > .05); however, the @entity5 value in partial ablation was still higher than that in normal liver before or in @entity0 after complete HIFU treatment due to the residual part of @entity0 , and @entity5 /Lip ratio is lower than that in complete HIFU treatment (P < .001). The changes in MRS parameters were consistent with histopathologic changes of the @entity0 tissues after treatment. MRS could differentiate the complete @entity0 @entity1 from @entity2 tissue, when combined with magnetic resonance imaging. We conclude that MRS may be applied as an important, non-invasive biomarker for monitoring the thoroughness of HIFU ablation.

title: The Value of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment of Experimental XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although sexuality plays a major role in the socialization of @entity0 , few studies have examined the @entity2 of individuals with @entity3 . Because of this, we decided to investigate sexuality in adolescents with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and to compare them with typically developing adolescents, by surveying their parents. Specifically, it was hypothesized that young @entity0 with @entity1 would display lower levels over five domains: social behavior, privacy, sex education, @entity2 , and parental concerns, than peers with @entity4 and typically developing young @entity0 . In addition, we sought to verify developmental trends in five domains with age for each group. Overall, 269 parents participated; 94 parents of typically developing adolescents, 93 parents of adolescents diagnosed with @entity4 , and 82 parents of adolescents diagnosed with @entity1 . @entity0 were surveyed with a Sexual Behavior Scale developed by Stokes and Kaur [] that assesses parents' reports of their @entity0 's: social behavior, privacy awareness, sex education, @entity2 and parental concerns about the @entity0 's behaviors. It was found that three groups were significantly different on all five domains, adolescents with @entity1 reportedly displaying lower levels than other groups. Moreover, there was a significant improvement in knowledge of privacy and parental concerns with age for adolescents with @entity1 and a decline in sex education for adolescents with @entity4 . The results obtained emphasize the need to train adolescents with @entity3 , and especially for adolescents with @entity1 through sex education programs. @entity5 Res 2015.    2015 International Society for @entity5 Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: The differential effects of @entity5 and XXXX on @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although sexuality plays a major role in the socialization of @entity0 , few studies have examined the @entity2 of individuals with @entity3 . Because of this, we decided to investigate sexuality in adolescents with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and to compare them with typically developing adolescents, by surveying their parents. Specifically, it was hypothesized that young @entity0 with @entity1 would display lower levels over five domains: social behavior, privacy, sex education, @entity2 , and parental concerns, than peers with @entity4 and typically developing young @entity0 . In addition, we sought to verify developmental trends in five domains with age for each group. Overall, 269 parents participated; 94 parents of typically developing adolescents, 93 parents of adolescents diagnosed with @entity4 , and 82 parents of adolescents diagnosed with @entity1 . @entity0 were surveyed with a Sexual Behavior Scale developed by Stokes and Kaur [] that assesses parents' reports of their @entity0 's: social behavior, privacy awareness, sex education, @entity2 and parental concerns about the @entity0 's behaviors. It was found that three groups were significantly different on all five domains, adolescents with @entity1 reportedly displaying lower levels than other groups. Moreover, there was a significant improvement in knowledge of privacy and parental concerns with age for adolescents with @entity1 and a decline in sex education for adolescents with @entity4 . The results obtained emphasize the need to train adolescents with @entity3 , and especially for adolescents with @entity1 through sex education programs. @entity5 Res 2015.    2015 International Society for @entity5 Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: The differential effects of XXXX and @entity4 on @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although sexuality plays a major role in the socialization of @entity0 , few studies have examined the @entity2 of individuals with @entity3 . Because of this, we decided to investigate sexuality in adolescents with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and to compare them with typically developing adolescents, by surveying their parents. Specifically, it was hypothesized that young @entity0 with @entity1 would display lower levels over five domains: social behavior, privacy, sex education, @entity2 , and parental concerns, than peers with @entity4 and typically developing young @entity0 . In addition, we sought to verify developmental trends in five domains with age for each group. Overall, 269 parents participated; 94 parents of typically developing adolescents, 93 parents of adolescents diagnosed with @entity4 , and 82 parents of adolescents diagnosed with @entity1 . @entity0 were surveyed with a Sexual Behavior Scale developed by Stokes and Kaur [] that assesses parents' reports of their @entity0 's: social behavior, privacy awareness, sex education, @entity2 and parental concerns about the @entity0 's behaviors. It was found that three groups were significantly different on all five domains, adolescents with @entity1 reportedly displaying lower levels than other groups. Moreover, there was a significant improvement in knowledge of privacy and parental concerns with age for adolescents with @entity1 and a decline in sex education for adolescents with @entity4 . The results obtained emphasize the need to train adolescents with @entity3 , and especially for adolescents with @entity1 through sex education programs. @entity5 Res 2015.    2015 International Society for @entity5 Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: The differential effects of @entity5 and @entity4 on XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 , a heterogeneous group of @entity1 , are challenging to treat and require multidisciplinary cooperation and planning. We analyzed the efficacy of flap reconstruction in @entity0 with bone and soft tissue @entity2 . METHODS: @entity0 charts and operative records were retrospectively reviewed from January 2006 through October 2013 to identify @entity2 @entity0 characteristics, @entity3 , revisions, recurrences, and survival. Pedicled and/or free flap reconstruction was performed in 109 @entity0 . Flap selection was based on defect size, and exposure of anatomically critical structures or major orthopedic implants. RESULTS: Of 109 @entity0 , 71 (65.1  %) were @entity0 , and mean age was 56.4  years. @entity1 most frequently located in a lower extremity (38.7  %). Primary @entity2 comprised 79.2  % and recurrences occurred in 18.9  %. Wide resection was performed for 65.7  %, and there were 10 planned amputations combined with flap reconstruction. A total of 111 @entity1 received 128 flaps: 76 pedicled flaps, 42 free flaps, and 5 combined (10 total) pedicled   +   free-flaps. The success rate was 94  % for the pedicled flap group, 97  % for the free-flap group, and 100  % for the pedicle   +   free-flap group. Of 35 @entity0 , 5 developed @entity4 . Only one amputation due to disease progression was performed. Satisfactory functional outcome was achieved in 69  %. Survival rate during a mean (standard deviation) 3(2) year follow-up was 83.5  %. CONCLUSIONS: Primary flap reconstruction after @entity2 surgery satisfies oncologic goals. Large @entity1 in difficult areas can be removed and complete @entity1 resection achieved. Our findings indicate a high survival rate after @entity2 surgery utilizing flap reconstruction and a low recurrence rate.

title: Primary flap reconstruction of tissue defects after XXXX surgery enables curative treatment with acceptable functional results: a 7-year review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designated to quantitatively evaluate the effect of @entity3 on spinal posture in @entity0 with @entity2 using a computer-assisted handheld SpinalMouse device. METHODS: Prospective case-study involving 48 @entity0 with definite @entity2 . All @entity0 were recruited between September 2011 and September 2013 and included 22 dopa-na  ve, evaluated before and 3 months after initiation of treatment, and 26 @entity0 with response fluctuations studied during the "off" and "on" states. The SpinalMouse instrument, a computer-assisted mechanical hand-held device, designed to noninvasively assess the curvature of the spine was guided along the midline of the vertebral column in upright, full flexion, and full extension positions to objectively assess spinal posture. RESULTS: In the dopa-na  ve @entity0 , spinal incline in the upright position was 12.4  1.2   before and 7.6  1.3   after treatment; p=0.002. Corresponding area-under-the-curve (AUC) values were 131.7  8.0cm(2) and 87.1  7.3cm(2); p<0.0001. In the response fluctuations @entity0 , spinal incline was 13.3  1.3   in the "off" and 9.3  1.2   in the "on" period; p=0.015. Corresponding AUC values were 144.6  9.2cm(2) and 103.1  8.2cm(2); p<0.0001. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that objectively measured and quantified abnormalities of spinal posture in @entity0 with @entity2 . Findings suggest that @entity3 does have a beneficial effect on anterior flexion of the thoracolumbar spine, and thus indicate that the disorder of stooped posture in @entity2 is mediated, at least in part, by @entity1 deficiency.

title: Beneficial effect of XXXX therapy on stooped posture in Parkinson's disease.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between psychological characteristics in self-management and probable @entity2 status in individuals with a traumatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ). SETTING: Community-dwelling individuals with traumatic @entity3 living across Canada. METHODS: Individuals with @entity3 were recruited by email via the @entity4 Hansen Institute as well as an outpatient hospital spinal clinic. Data were collected by self-report using an online survey. Standardized questionnaires were embedded within a larger survey and included the @entity1 and @entity2 Scale (HADS), the short version of the @entity0 Activation Measure (PAM), the Moorong Self-Efficacy Scale (MSES) and the Pearlin-Schooler Mastery Scale (PMS). RESULTS: Individuals with probable @entity2 (n=25) had lower self-efficacy (67.9 vs 94.2, P<0.0001), mastery (18.9 vs 22.9, P<0.0001) and @entity0 activation (60.4 vs 71.6, P<0.0001) as well as higher @entity1 (9.0 vs 5.5, P<0.0001), compared with their non- @entity2 counterparts (n=75). A logistic regression determined that lower self-efficacy and mastery scores as well as less time since injury were associated with @entity2 status (P=0.002; P=0.02 and P=0.02, respectively). Individuals with higher @entity1 scores were almost 1.5 times more likely to be @entity2 , while older age was positively associated with @entity2 status (P=0.016 and P=0.024, respectively). CONCLUSION: Interventions for @entity2 in @entity3 , including a self-management program, should target factors such as self-efficacy and mastery, which could improve secondary medical complications and overall quality of life.

title: Impact of psychological characteristics in self-management in individuals with traumatic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Perioperative chemotherapy combined with surgery for liver @entity1 is considered an active strategy in metastatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, its impact on initially unresectable, previously untreated advanced @entity3 , regardless of concurrent @entity1 , remains to be clarified. METHODS: A Phase II study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of perioperative FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab for initially unresectable advanced @entity3 . @entity0 with previously untreated advanced @entity5 initially diagnosed as unresectable advanced @entity3 (TNM stage IIIb, IIIc, or IV) but potentially resectable after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were studied. Preoperatively, @entity0 received six cycles of NAC (five cycles of neoadjuvant FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab followed by one cycle of FOLFOX4 alone). The interval between the last dose of bevacizumab and surgery was at least 5 weeks. Six cycles of adjuvant FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab were given after surgery. The completion rate of NAC and feasibility of curative surgery were the primary endpoints. RESULTS: An interim analysis was performed at the end of NAC in the 12th @entity0 to assess the completion rate of NAC. The median follow-up time was 56 months. The characteristics of the @entity0 were as follows: sex, eight males and four females; @entity2 location, sigmoid colon in three, ascending colon in one, and rectum (above the peritoneal reflection) in eight; stage, III in eight and IV in four (liver or lymph nodes). All @entity0 completed six cycles of NAC. There were no treatment-related severe adverse events or @entity4 . An objective response to NAC was achieved in nine @entity0 (75%), and no disease progression was observed. Eleven @entity0 underwent curative @entity2 resection, including metastatic lesions. In December 2012, this Phase II study was terminated because of slow registration. CONCLUSION: Perioperative FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab is well tolerated and has a promising response rate leading to curative surgery, which offers a survival benefit in initially unresectable advanced @entity3 with concurrent metastatic lesions.

title: Perioperative FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab for initially unresectable advanced @entity3 (NAVIGATE- XXXX -01).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Perioperative chemotherapy combined with surgery for liver @entity1 is considered an active strategy in metastatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, its impact on initially unresectable, previously untreated advanced @entity3 , regardless of concurrent @entity1 , remains to be clarified. METHODS: A Phase II study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of perioperative FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab for initially unresectable advanced @entity3 . @entity0 with previously untreated advanced @entity5 initially diagnosed as unresectable advanced @entity3 (TNM stage IIIb, IIIc, or IV) but potentially resectable after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were studied. Preoperatively, @entity0 received six cycles of NAC (five cycles of neoadjuvant FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab followed by one cycle of FOLFOX4 alone). The interval between the last dose of bevacizumab and surgery was at least 5 weeks. Six cycles of adjuvant FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab were given after surgery. The completion rate of NAC and feasibility of curative surgery were the primary endpoints. RESULTS: An interim analysis was performed at the end of NAC in the 12th @entity0 to assess the completion rate of NAC. The median follow-up time was 56 months. The characteristics of the @entity0 were as follows: sex, eight males and four females; @entity2 location, sigmoid colon in three, ascending colon in one, and rectum (above the peritoneal reflection) in eight; stage, III in eight and IV in four (liver or lymph nodes). All @entity0 completed six cycles of NAC. There were no treatment-related severe adverse events or @entity4 . An objective response to NAC was achieved in nine @entity0 (75%), and no disease progression was observed. Eleven @entity0 underwent curative @entity2 resection, including metastatic lesions. In December 2012, this Phase II study was terminated because of slow registration. CONCLUSION: Perioperative FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab is well tolerated and has a promising response rate leading to curative surgery, which offers a survival benefit in initially unresectable advanced @entity3 with concurrent metastatic lesions.

title: Perioperative FOLFOX4 plus bevacizumab for initially unresectable advanced XXXX (NAVIGATE- @entity3 -01).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although the @entity0 ( @entity1 ) has been developed two decades ago, its reliability has not been defined; therefore, we present a meta-analyis of the reliability of the @entity1 in order to reveal to what extent the @entity1 is reliable. DATA SOURCES: Electronic databases were searched to March 2014. The included studies were those that reported samples size, reliability coefficients, and adequate description of the @entity1 reliability assessment. The guidelines for reporting reliability and agreement studies (GRRAS) were used. Two reviewers independently examined abstracts and extracted data. The effect size was obtained by the z-transformation of reliability coefficients. Data were pooled with random-effects models, and meta-regression was done based on the method of moment's estimator. RESULTS: Six studies were included in this study at last. Pooled coefficient for the @entity1 was substantial 0.428 (95%CI 0.340-0.509). The rate of mis-triage was less than fifty percent. The agreement upon the adult version is higher than the pediatric version. CONCLUSION: The @entity1 has shown an acceptable level of overall reliability in the emergency department, but it needs more development to reach an almost perfect agreement.

title: The reliability of the XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim was to assess the reliability and the validity of the translated version of the @entity1 specific quality of life (SS-QOL) questionnaire in Iranian post- @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: This project was performed at the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, between 12 April 2010 and 24 February 2011. The English version of the SS-QOL was translated into Persian by "forward-backward" translation, cognitive inquiring and cultural adaptation process. The reliability and internal consistency were measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Validity was assessed using convergent and divergent validity through Spearman's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Our study included 117 post- @entity1 @entity0 , consisting of 57 (48.7%) @entity0 and 60 (51.3%) @entity0 . The mean age of the @entity0 was 81.60    7.52 (range 60-88) years. The Persian version of the SS-QOL proved reliable (Cronbach's a = 0.96). Internal consistency was excellent for both demographic and @entity0 ' clinical characteristics (Cronbach's a >=  0.70). The scaling success rates were 100% for convergent validity of each scale. Divergent validity for all 12 scales was considered acceptable, whereas each scale had a 100% scaling success rate for convergent validity. CONCLUSION: The Persian version of SS-QOL should be mentioned as a noteworthy instrument to specify different aspects of health related QOL of @entity0 suffering @entity1 and hence that clinicians, researchers and epidemiologist can exploit it trustfully.

title: XXXX specific quality of life questionnaire: Test of reliability and validity of the Persian version.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is involved in a variety of biological processes like cell proliferation, cell polarity, and cell fate determination. This pathway has been extensively investigated as its deregulation is linked to different diseases, including various types of @entity0 , @entity9 , @entity6 (including neural @entity7 ), @entity5 , @entity4 and several fibrotic diseases like @entity8 . In the "on state", @entity11 , the key effector of Wnt signaling, enters the nucleus where it binds to the members of the TCF-LEF family of transcription factors and exerts its effect on gene transcription. Disease development can be caused by direct or indirect alterations of the Wnt/ @entity11 signaling. In the first case germline or somatic mutations of the Wnt components are associated to several diseases such as the @entity10 ( @entity10 ) - caused by germline mutations of the @entity0 suppressor @entity10 gene (APC) - and the desmoid-like @entity2 , a @entity0 associated with somatic mutations of the @entity11 gene ( @entity11 ). In the second case, epigenetic modifications and microenvironmental factors have been demonstrated to play a key role in Wnt pathway activation. The natural autocrine Wnt signaling acts through agonists and antagonists competing for the Wnt receptors. Anomalies in this regulation, whichever is their etiology, are an important part in the pathogenesis of Wnt pathway linked diseases. An example is promoter hypermethylation of Wnt antagonists, such as SFRPs, that causes gene silencing preventing their function and consequently leading to the activation of the Wnt pathway. Microenvironmental factors, such as the extracellular matrix, growth factors and inflammatory mediators, represent another type of indirect mechanism that influence Wnt pathway activation. A favorable microenvironment can lead to aberrant fibroblasts activation and accumulation of ECM proteins with subsequent tissue @entity3 that can evolve in @entity1 or @entity0 . Since the development and progression of several diseases is the outcome of the Wnt pathway cross-talk with other signaling pathways and inflammatory factors, it is important to consider not only direct inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway but also inhibitors of microenvironmental factors as promising therapeutic approaches for several @entity0 of fibrotic origin.

title: The Wnt/ XXXX pathway in human @entity1 and its eligibility as a therapeutic target.

answer: @entity11


abstract: The canonical Wnt signaling pathway is involved in a variety of biological processes like cell proliferation, cell polarity, and cell fate determination. This pathway has been extensively investigated as its deregulation is linked to different diseases, including various types of @entity0 , @entity9 , @entity6 (including neural @entity7 ), @entity5 , @entity4 and several fibrotic diseases like @entity8 . In the "on state", @entity11 , the key effector of Wnt signaling, enters the nucleus where it binds to the members of the TCF-LEF family of transcription factors and exerts its effect on gene transcription. Disease development can be caused by direct or indirect alterations of the Wnt/ @entity11 signaling. In the first case germline or somatic mutations of the Wnt components are associated to several diseases such as the @entity10 ( @entity10 ) - caused by germline mutations of the @entity0 suppressor @entity10 gene (APC) - and the desmoid-like @entity2 , a @entity0 associated with somatic mutations of the @entity11 gene ( @entity11 ). In the second case, epigenetic modifications and microenvironmental factors have been demonstrated to play a key role in Wnt pathway activation. The natural autocrine Wnt signaling acts through agonists and antagonists competing for the Wnt receptors. Anomalies in this regulation, whichever is their etiology, are an important part in the pathogenesis of Wnt pathway linked diseases. An example is promoter hypermethylation of Wnt antagonists, such as SFRPs, that causes gene silencing preventing their function and consequently leading to the activation of the Wnt pathway. Microenvironmental factors, such as the extracellular matrix, growth factors and inflammatory mediators, represent another type of indirect mechanism that influence Wnt pathway activation. A favorable microenvironment can lead to aberrant fibroblasts activation and accumulation of ECM proteins with subsequent tissue @entity3 that can evolve in @entity1 or @entity0 . Since the development and progression of several diseases is the outcome of the Wnt pathway cross-talk with other signaling pathways and inflammatory factors, it is important to consider not only direct inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway but also inhibitors of microenvironmental factors as promising therapeutic approaches for several @entity0 of fibrotic origin.

title: The Wnt/ @entity11 pathway in human XXXX and its eligibility as a therapeutic target.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dysregulation of the @entity1 transporters @entity3 and @entity4 and their isoforms have been implicated in @entity0 . @entity3 and @entity4 expression has been studied in different brain regions but the prevalence of astrocytic @entity1 transporter expression masks the more subtle changes in excitatory @entity2 transporters (EAATs) isoforms in neurons in the cortex. Using laser capture microdissection, pyramidal neurons were cut from the anterior cingulate cortex of postmortem @entity0 (n=20) and control (n=20) subjects. The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of @entity3 , @entity4 and the splice variants @entity3 exon9skipping, @entity4 exon9skipping and EAAT2b were analyzed by real time PCR (RT-PCR) in an enriched population of neurons. Region-level expression of these transcripts was measured in postmortem @entity0 (n=25) and controls (n=25). The relationship between selected EAAT polymorphisms and EAAT splice variant expression was also explored. Anterior cingulate cortex pyramidal cell expression of EAAT2b mRNA was increased (P<0.001; 67%) in @entity0 subjects compared with controls. There was no significant change in other EAAT variants. @entity4 exon9skipping mRNA was increased (P<0.05; 38%) at region level in the anterior cingulate cortex with no significant change in other EAAT variants at region level. @entity4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with changes in @entity4 isoform expression. @entity5 -treated animals, acting as controls for possible antipsychotic effects, did not have significantly altered neuronal EAAT2b mRNA levels. The novel finding that EAAT2b levels are increased in populations of anterior cingulate cortex pyramidal cells further demonstrates a role for neuronal @entity1 transporter splice variant expression in @entity0 .

title: @entity1 transporter splice variant expression in an enriched pyramidal cell population in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dysregulation of the @entity1 transporters @entity3 and @entity4 and their isoforms have been implicated in @entity0 . @entity3 and @entity4 expression has been studied in different brain regions but the prevalence of astrocytic @entity1 transporter expression masks the more subtle changes in excitatory @entity2 transporters (EAATs) isoforms in neurons in the cortex. Using laser capture microdissection, pyramidal neurons were cut from the anterior cingulate cortex of postmortem @entity0 (n=20) and control (n=20) subjects. The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of @entity3 , @entity4 and the splice variants @entity3 exon9skipping, @entity4 exon9skipping and EAAT2b were analyzed by real time PCR (RT-PCR) in an enriched population of neurons. Region-level expression of these transcripts was measured in postmortem @entity0 (n=25) and controls (n=25). The relationship between selected EAAT polymorphisms and EAAT splice variant expression was also explored. Anterior cingulate cortex pyramidal cell expression of EAAT2b mRNA was increased (P<0.001; 67%) in @entity0 subjects compared with controls. There was no significant change in other EAAT variants. @entity4 exon9skipping mRNA was increased (P<0.05; 38%) at region level in the anterior cingulate cortex with no significant change in other EAAT variants at region level. @entity4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with changes in @entity4 isoform expression. @entity5 -treated animals, acting as controls for possible antipsychotic effects, did not have significantly altered neuronal EAAT2b mRNA levels. The novel finding that EAAT2b levels are increased in populations of anterior cingulate cortex pyramidal cells further demonstrates a role for neuronal @entity1 transporter splice variant expression in @entity0 .

title: XXXX transporter splice variant expression in an enriched pyramidal cell population in @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to clarify the clinical effects of first-line chemotherapy regimens for advanced @entity1 on clinical responses and survival of @entity0 grouped by renal function. METHODS: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, 345 @entity1 @entity0 received systemic chemotherapy for metastatic or unresectable disease in 17 centers (2004-10). RESULTS: Two hundred and forty-one @entity0 were treated with @entity8 , @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity4 / @entity8 , @entity7 and @entity4 (n = 136) or @entity2 and @entity4 (n = 105) followed by @entity9 -based treatments, non- @entity5 treatments or other regimens. After 2008, @entity2 and @entity4 was the most frequently used regimen in @entity0 with an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2) and in those with estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2). The @entity2 and @entity4 @entity0 ' complete response rate was 10.5% and their response rate was 52.4%, which was highest among all regimens. @entity2 and @entity4 demonstrated a better 3-year overall survival when the estimated glomerular filtration rate was >= 60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2) (31.4%), but it tended to be worse when the estimated glomerular filtration rate was <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2) (14.1%). In the latter cases, the dose reduction rate of @entity2 and @entity4 was high (43.9%). Among the @entity0 with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2), the 1-year overall survival of the @entity0 treated with a reduced dose of @entity2 and @entity4 was significantly lower than that of those treated with standard-dose @entity2 and @entity4 (26.2 vs. 60.3%, respectively, P = 0.0108). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 and @entity4 provided favorable responses and survival in @entity0 with estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2) but unsatisfactory oncological outcomes in @entity0 with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2), especially when treated with a reduced dose. Alternative regimens might be optimal rather than reduced-dose @entity2 and @entity4 in @entity0 with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2).

title: Impact of renal function of @entity0 with advanced XXXX on eligibility for first-line chemotherapy and treatment outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to clarify the clinical effects of first-line chemotherapy regimens for advanced @entity1 on clinical responses and survival of @entity0 grouped by renal function. METHODS: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, 345 @entity1 @entity0 received systemic chemotherapy for metastatic or unresectable disease in 17 centers (2004-10). RESULTS: Two hundred and forty-one @entity0 were treated with @entity8 , @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity4 / @entity8 , @entity7 and @entity4 (n = 136) or @entity2 and @entity4 (n = 105) followed by @entity9 -based treatments, non- @entity5 treatments or other regimens. After 2008, @entity2 and @entity4 was the most frequently used regimen in @entity0 with an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2) and in those with estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2). The @entity2 and @entity4 @entity0 ' complete response rate was 10.5% and their response rate was 52.4%, which was highest among all regimens. @entity2 and @entity4 demonstrated a better 3-year overall survival when the estimated glomerular filtration rate was >= 60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2) (31.4%), but it tended to be worse when the estimated glomerular filtration rate was <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2) (14.1%). In the latter cases, the dose reduction rate of @entity2 and @entity4 was high (43.9%). Among the @entity0 with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2), the 1-year overall survival of the @entity0 treated with a reduced dose of @entity2 and @entity4 was significantly lower than that of those treated with standard-dose @entity2 and @entity4 (26.2 vs. 60.3%, respectively, P = 0.0108). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 and @entity4 provided favorable responses and survival in @entity0 with estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2) but unsatisfactory oncological outcomes in @entity0 with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2), especially when treated with a reduced dose. Alternative regimens might be optimal rather than reduced-dose @entity2 and @entity4 in @entity0 with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/ @entity6 .73 m(2).

title: Impact of renal function of XXXX with advanced @entity1 on eligibility for first-line chemotherapy and treatment outcomes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between body composition (fat mass, lean mass and body mass index, BMI) and bone health (bone mineral density, @entity3 and @entity1 risk) in urban black South African @entity0 . DESIGN: A cross sectional study examining associations between body composition, dietary intake (food frequency questionnaire), habitual physical activity (Activity energy expenditure (AEE) measured using an accelerometer with combined heart rate monitor and physical activity questionnaire) and bone health ( @entity3 using dual-energy X ray absorptiometry, DXA and @entity1 risk). SETTING: Urban community dwellers from Ikageng in the North-West Province of South Africa. @entity0 : One hundred and eighty nine (189) healthy postmenopausal @entity0 aged >= 43 years. RESULTS: Fat mass and lean mass were significantly associated with @entity3 and @entity1 risk when adjusted for potential confounders. However, lean mass and not fat mass remained significantly associated with femoral neck @entity3 (b = 0.49, p <0.001), spine @entity3 (b = 0.48, p< 0.0001) and hip @entity3 (b = 0.59, p< 0.0001). Lean mass was also negatively associated with @entity1 risk (b = -0.19 p =0.04) when both lean and fat mass were in the same model. CONCLUSION: Lean mass and fat mass were positively associated with femoral neck, spine and hip BMDs and negatively associated with @entity1 risk in urban black South African @entity0 . Our finding suggests that increasing lean mass rather than fat mass is beneficial to bone health. Our study emphasises the importance of positive lifestyle changes, intake of @entity2 from dairy and adequate weight to maintain and improve bone health of postmenopausal @entity0 .

title: Lean Mass Appears to Be More Strongly Associated with Bone Health than Fat Mass in Urban Black South African XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We present a case of fatal intoxication by the application of a transdermal @entity3 patch upon a superficial bleeding abrasion of a 2-year-old @entity0 . The grandmother discovered the body of the @entity0 in bed at approximately 7  a.m. External examination revealed a properly developed, nourished, and hydrated @entity0 , with some vomit in the nostrils and inside the mouth. There was no evidence of @entity1 besides small contusions and abrasions on the knees, with a patch placed over the largest abrasion. Closer inspection revealed that this was transdermal @entity3 patch. Internal examination and microscopic analysis revealed regurgitation of stomach content, cerebral and @entity2 . Toxicology analysis revealed trace levels of @entity3 in the blood just above the limit of detection (2  ng/mL), while concentrations in the urine, liver, and kidney were approximately 102, 28, and 10  ng/mL, respectively. Investigation discovered that the @entity0 injured her knee while playing the evening before. The grandmother applied the patch to cover the injury, unaware that she had used a @entity3 transdermal patch instead of simple band-aid. Although @entity4 are uncommon among young @entity0 in high-income countries, it is of major interest to raise awareness of such events especially since a great majority of these are preventable. The presented case points at the need for more thorough education of users and more strict rules in prescribing and handling of this potent medicine. As well, we find this case to be a useful contribution to the evaluation of postmortem @entity3 concentrations in fatal intoxication in a small @entity0 .

title: Death by band-aid: fatal misuse of transdermal XXXX patch.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is a rare lesion of low-grade malignancy, and represents 1% of @entity0 of bones, and is mainly located in two regions of the body, jaw ( @entity4 ), and lower extremities. The treatment of choice is surgery due to it being a radio- and chemotherapy-resistant @entity0 . CLINICAL CASE: A 39 year old male with a history of neonatal hydrocephalus with moderate @entity3 . He began with @entity2 in the posterior region of the left thigh for one year before admission, which was managed as @entity6 . He had sudden intense @entity2 on walking, that led him to fall over. In the examination, left pelvic limb with @entity1 in the distal third with increase in volume in the thigh, with @entity2 to palpation, and presence of crackles in the distal third of the femur. A biopsy of the thigh was performed, with subsequent local wide excision + replacement of bone with cadaver bone and a central medullary nail. The final diagnosis was @entity5 . CONCLUSION: The @entity5 are rare @entity0 . It is important to recognise this type of @entity0 from the beginning, since its prognosis is excellent in initial stages. It is important to have free margins as survival is very high.

title: [Treatment of XXXX with limb preservation. A case report and review of the literature].

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Apoptosis plays an important role in @entity1 and @entity4 in skeletal muscle. Recent evidence suggests that insufficient @entity2 proteins (HSPs) may contribute to apoptosis and @entity3 . In addition, long-term caloric restriction (CR) and lifelong wheel running exercise (WR) with CR provide significant protection against caspase-dependent apoptosis and @entity4 . Caspase-independent mediators (endonuclease G: @entity7 ; apoptosis-inducing factor: AIF) of apoptosis are also linked to muscles wasting with disuse and aging. However, the efficacy of CR and WR with CR to attenuate caspase-independent apoptosis and preserve HSPs in aging skeletal muscle are unknown. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that CR and WR with CR would ameliorate age-induced elevation of @entity7 and AIF while protecting @entity6 and @entity5 levels in the plantaris. Male Fischer-344 @entity0 were divided into 4 groups at 11weeks: ad libitum feeding until 6months (YAL); fed ad libitum until 24months old (OAL); 8%CR to 24months (OCR); WR+8%CR to 24months (OExCR). Nuclear @entity7 levels were significantly higher in OAL (+153%) than in YAL, while CR (-38%) and WR with CR (-46%) significantly attenuated age-induced increment in nuclear @entity7 . @entity6 (-63%) protein content and phosphorylation at Ser82 (-49%) were significantly lower in OAL than in YAL, while @entity6 protein content was significantly higher in OCR (+136%) and OExCR (+155%) and p- @entity6 (+254%) was significantly higher in OExCR compared with OAL, respectively. In contrast, AIF and @entity5 were unaltered by CR or WR with CR in aging muscle. These data indicate that CR and WR with CR attenuate age-associated upregulation of @entity7 translocation in the nucleus, potentially involved with @entity6 signaling.

title: Lifelong wheel running exercise and mild caloric restriction attenuate nuclear XXXX in the aging plantaris muscle.

answer: @entity7


abstract: A 22-year-old male @entity0 presented with a 3-day history of @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity4 . He reported @entity7 of a couple of weeks' duration. He had been hospitalised 7   months earlier, owing to the same symptoms, however, the cause was never clarified. Initial examination showed @entity7 and blood tests indicated @entity8 . An abdominal CT scan showed mild @entity6 and a diffuse thickening of the small intestinal loops, and a cystic formation 3   cm in diameter on the liver. The differential diagnosis included parasite @entity1 and @entity9 . Liver MRI revealed a simple biliary cyst. Microbiological tests, stool and blood cultures as well as stool examination for parasites were negative. The diagnostic paracentesis revealed @entity6 . An endoscopy was performed and histopathology revealed presence of moderate to marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate containing eosinophils, compatible with @entity9 . The @entity0 responded well to the initiation of corticosteroids.

title: A 22-year-old male @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: A 22-year-old male @entity0 presented with a 3-day history of @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity4 . He reported @entity7 of a couple of weeks' duration. He had been hospitalised 7   months earlier, owing to the same symptoms, however, the cause was never clarified. Initial examination showed @entity7 and blood tests indicated @entity8 . An abdominal CT scan showed mild @entity6 and a diffuse thickening of the small intestinal loops, and a cystic formation 3   cm in diameter on the liver. The differential diagnosis included parasite @entity1 and @entity9 . Liver MRI revealed a simple biliary cyst. Microbiological tests, stool and blood cultures as well as stool examination for parasites were negative. The diagnostic paracentesis revealed @entity6 . An endoscopy was performed and histopathology revealed presence of moderate to marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate containing eosinophils, compatible with @entity9 . The @entity0 responded well to the initiation of corticosteroids.

title: A 22-year-old male XXXX with @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a systematic review of the literature on the effectiveness of medical abortion "reversal" treatment. Since the usual care for @entity0 seeking to continue pregnancies after ingesting @entity2 is expectant management with fetal surveillance, we also performed a systematic review of continuing pregnancy after @entity2 alone. STUDY DESIGN: We searched PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Scopus and the Cochrane Library for articles published through March 2015 reporting the proportion of pregnancies continuing after treatment with either @entity2 alone or after an additional treatment following @entity2 aimed at reversing its effect. RESULTS: From 1115 articles retrieved, 1 study met inclusion criteria for abortion reversal, and 13 studies met criteria for continuing pregnancy after @entity2 alone. The one report of abortion reversal was a case series of 7 @entity0 receiving varying doses of @entity1 in oil intramuscularly or micronized @entity1 orally or vaginally; 1 @entity0 was lost to follow-up. The study was of poor quality and lacked clear information on @entity0 selection. Four of six @entity0 continued the pregnancy to term [67%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 30-90%]. Assuming the lost @entity0 aborted resulted in a continuing pregnancy proportion of 57% (95% CI 25-84%). The proportion of pregnancies continuing 1-2 weeks after @entity2 alone varied from 8% (95% CI 3-22%) to 46% (95% CI 37-56%). Continuing pregnancy was more common with lower @entity2 doses and advanced gestational age. CONCLUSIONS: In the rare case that a @entity0 changes her mind after starting medical abortion, evidence is insufficient to determine whether treatment with @entity1 after @entity2 results in a higher proportion of continuing pregnancies compared to expectant management. IMPLICATIONS: Legislation requiring physicians to inform @entity0 about abortion reversal transforms an unproven therapy into law and represents legislative interference in the @entity0 -physician relationship.

title: Continuing pregnancy after XXXX and "reversal" of first-trimester medical abortion: a systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications rate among @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 who underwent lumboperitoneal (LP) shunt insertion with a programmable Strata valve. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated @entity0 who underwent LP shunt with a programmable Strata valve insertion at the University of Ottawa Civic Hospital from November 2012 to June 2013. The demographic data, clinical symptoms, opening pressure, pre-operative and post-operative visual fields, neuroimaging, visual acuity, disc status, and complications were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Seven female @entity0 with @entity5 underwent insertion of an LP shunt with a programmable Strata valve. The mean opening pressure was 35.8cm @entity4 . The initial valve setting was 1.5, and four @entity0 required post-operative valve pressure adjustment. All @entity0 showed significant improvement in objective visual testing at follow-up as well as less frequent @entity1 . None of the @entity0 developed intra- or post-operative complications. CONCLUSION: LP shunts with programmable Strata valve systems are a potential alternative to conventional LP and programmable ventriculoperitoneal shunt systems as well as optic nerve sheath fenestration, due to their potential in avoiding @entity3 , lower failure and complication rates, lower @entity2 incidence, and flexibility in adjusting valve pressure settings post-operatively evading under- and overdrainage complications. They should be considered for the management of @entity5 instead of early design LP systems and VP shunts. A randomized multi-center trial should be conducted to compare the efficacy of these surgical techniques.

title: Management of XXXX with a programmable lumboperitoneal shunt: Early experience.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The risk of @entity1 has been shown to be inversely related to socioeconomic status (SES). Because the Canadian Cancer Registry does not contain socioeconomic data, the 1991 Canadian Census Cohort was used to study @entity1 risk in the general Canadian population. DATA AND METHODS: This study examines incidence rates of @entity1 and histologic subtypes by educational attainment, income and @entity3 in a broadly representative sample of Canadians aged 25 or older. Data for the 1991 Canadian Census Cohort were analyzed. The cohort comprised 2,734,835 individuals, among whom 215,700 new @entity2 cases were diagnosed from 1991 through 2003. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated by age, sex, and SES using the direct method. Rate ratios, rate differences, and excess incidence were also calculated. RESULTS: An inverse risk between @entity1 incidence and educational attainment, income and @entity3 emerged among @entity0 and @entity0 , and a stepped negative gradient in RRs was evident for all SES variables and age groups. If all cohort members had experienced the rate of those with a university degree, @entity1 incidence would have been 56% lower in @entity0 and 55% lower in @entity0 . If all cohort members had experienced the incidence rate of those in the highest income quintile, incidence would have been 33% lower in @entity0 and 25% lower in @entity0 . If all cohort members had experienced the rate of those in managerial occupations, incidence would have been 54% lower in @entity0 and 44% lower in @entity0 . INTERPRETATION: A negative gradient in @entity1 risk was evident for all SES variables studied.

title: XXXX incidence in Canada: A 13-year prospective study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: Neurological outcome prognosis remains challenging in @entity0 undergoing @entity3 ( @entity3 ) after cardiac resuscitation. Technological advances allow for a novel wrist-worn device to continuously record electrodermal activity (EDA), a measure of pure sympathetic activity. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed to determine the yield of continuous EDA in @entity0 treated with @entity3 for @entity1 after @entity2 during @entity3 and normothermia. Association between EDA parameters (event-related and nonspecific electrodermal responses (ER- @entity4 , NS- @entity4 )) and outcome measures (cerebral performance category [CPC]) (Full Outline in UnResponsivenss (FOUR) score) were assessed. RESULTS: Eighteen @entity0 were enrolled. Total number of @entity4 (66.4 vs 12.0/24h, p=0.02), ER- @entity4 (39.5 vs 11.2/24h, p=0.009), median amplitude change of all @entity4 (0.08 vs 0.03 SI, p=0.03) and ER- @entity4 (0.14 vs 0.05 SI, p=0.025) were higher in @entity0 with favorable (CPC 1-2) versus poor outcome (CPC 3-5) during @entity3 . Greater differences in EDA parameters were observed during @entity3 than normothermia. The FOUR score was correlated to the number of all @entity4 and median amplitudes. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous EDA potentially opens a new avenue for autonomic function monitoring in neurocritically ill @entity0 . It is feasible in the ICU setting, even during hypothermic states. As a measure of a complete neurophysiological circuit, it may be a novel neurophysiologic biomarker of outcome after cardiac resuscitation.

title: Continuous electrodermal activity as a potential novel neurophysiological biomarker of prognosis after XXXX - A pilot study.

answer: @entity2