abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: To estimate if a meaningful relationship exists between body mass index (BMI) and the entity of @entity6 , coronary events and mortality in a cohort of consecutive @entity0 with suspected @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: In this prospective study, we enrolled 1299 consecutive @entity0 (905 [69.7%] males) who had undergone coronary angiography. Our sample consisted of 477 @entity0 (36.8%) of normal weight; 567 (43.6%) overweight and 255 (19.6%) @entity2 , according to the WHO classification. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors, BMI, endothelial function and subclinical @entity3 were studied. Different angiographic @entity6 scores were used to quantify @entity6 . In overweight and @entity2 @entity0 , respect to normal weight population, there is a higher prevalence of @entity4 , @entity7 and @entity1 , but BMI was not significantly associated with greater extent of @entity6 . At follow-up (mean: 40; range: 24-82 months) @entity2 and overweight @entity0 showed a higher incidence of coronary events compared to the normal weight population (74.9% [ @entity2 ] versus 62.7% [overweight] versus 53.2% [normal weight]; adjusted relative risk [ @entity2 versus overweight]: 1.08 [95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.23]; P<0.05; and adjusted RR [ @entity2 versus normal weight]: 1.17 [95% CI: 1.10-1.42], P<0.01). Mortality from @entity5 was not significant within the categories. The Cox regression model showed flow mediated dilation (P<0.0001), high-sensitive @entity8 (P=0.022) and BMI (P=0.045) as independent predictors of acute coronary events. CONCLUSION: BMI is not associated with the extent of @entity6 and mortality. The higher incidence of coronary events in @entity2 subjects is only partly explained by conventional associated risk factors. Impaired endothelial function and sub-clinical @entity3 could be involved in this association but BMI itself is related to cardiovascular events suggesting that other unknown (or not considered) pathways are involved.

title: Influence of body mass index on extent of XXXX and @entity5 in a cohort of @entity0 at risk of @entity6 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: To estimate if a meaningful relationship exists between body mass index (BMI) and the entity of @entity6 , coronary events and mortality in a cohort of consecutive @entity0 with suspected @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: In this prospective study, we enrolled 1299 consecutive @entity0 (905 [69.7%] males) who had undergone coronary angiography. Our sample consisted of 477 @entity0 (36.8%) of normal weight; 567 (43.6%) overweight and 255 (19.6%) @entity2 , according to the WHO classification. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors, BMI, endothelial function and subclinical @entity3 were studied. Different angiographic @entity6 scores were used to quantify @entity6 . In overweight and @entity2 @entity0 , respect to normal weight population, there is a higher prevalence of @entity4 , @entity7 and @entity1 , but BMI was not significantly associated with greater extent of @entity6 . At follow-up (mean: 40; range: 24-82 months) @entity2 and overweight @entity0 showed a higher incidence of coronary events compared to the normal weight population (74.9% [ @entity2 ] versus 62.7% [overweight] versus 53.2% [normal weight]; adjusted relative risk [ @entity2 versus overweight]: 1.08 [95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.23]; P<0.05; and adjusted RR [ @entity2 versus normal weight]: 1.17 [95% CI: 1.10-1.42], P<0.01). Mortality from @entity5 was not significant within the categories. The Cox regression model showed flow mediated dilation (P<0.0001), high-sensitive @entity8 (P=0.022) and BMI (P=0.045) as independent predictors of acute coronary events. CONCLUSION: BMI is not associated with the extent of @entity6 and mortality. The higher incidence of coronary events in @entity2 subjects is only partly explained by conventional associated risk factors. Impaired endothelial function and sub-clinical @entity3 could be involved in this association but BMI itself is related to cardiovascular events suggesting that other unknown (or not considered) pathways are involved.

title: Influence of body mass index on extent of @entity6 and @entity5 in a cohort of @entity0 at risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: To estimate if a meaningful relationship exists between body mass index (BMI) and the entity of @entity6 , coronary events and mortality in a cohort of consecutive @entity0 with suspected @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: In this prospective study, we enrolled 1299 consecutive @entity0 (905 [69.7%] males) who had undergone coronary angiography. Our sample consisted of 477 @entity0 (36.8%) of normal weight; 567 (43.6%) overweight and 255 (19.6%) @entity2 , according to the WHO classification. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors, BMI, endothelial function and subclinical @entity3 were studied. Different angiographic @entity6 scores were used to quantify @entity6 . In overweight and @entity2 @entity0 , respect to normal weight population, there is a higher prevalence of @entity4 , @entity7 and @entity1 , but BMI was not significantly associated with greater extent of @entity6 . At follow-up (mean: 40; range: 24-82 months) @entity2 and overweight @entity0 showed a higher incidence of coronary events compared to the normal weight population (74.9% [ @entity2 ] versus 62.7% [overweight] versus 53.2% [normal weight]; adjusted relative risk [ @entity2 versus overweight]: 1.08 [95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.23]; P<0.05; and adjusted RR [ @entity2 versus normal weight]: 1.17 [95% CI: 1.10-1.42], P<0.01). Mortality from @entity5 was not significant within the categories. The Cox regression model showed flow mediated dilation (P<0.0001), high-sensitive @entity8 (P=0.022) and BMI (P=0.045) as independent predictors of acute coronary events. CONCLUSION: BMI is not associated with the extent of @entity6 and mortality. The higher incidence of coronary events in @entity2 subjects is only partly explained by conventional associated risk factors. Impaired endothelial function and sub-clinical @entity3 could be involved in this association but BMI itself is related to cardiovascular events suggesting that other unknown (or not considered) pathways are involved.

title: Influence of body mass index on extent of @entity6 and XXXX in a cohort of @entity0 at risk of @entity6 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: To estimate if a meaningful relationship exists between body mass index (BMI) and the entity of @entity6 , coronary events and mortality in a cohort of consecutive @entity0 with suspected @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: In this prospective study, we enrolled 1299 consecutive @entity0 (905 [69.7%] males) who had undergone coronary angiography. Our sample consisted of 477 @entity0 (36.8%) of normal weight; 567 (43.6%) overweight and 255 (19.6%) @entity2 , according to the WHO classification. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors, BMI, endothelial function and subclinical @entity3 were studied. Different angiographic @entity6 scores were used to quantify @entity6 . In overweight and @entity2 @entity0 , respect to normal weight population, there is a higher prevalence of @entity4 , @entity7 and @entity1 , but BMI was not significantly associated with greater extent of @entity6 . At follow-up (mean: 40; range: 24-82 months) @entity2 and overweight @entity0 showed a higher incidence of coronary events compared to the normal weight population (74.9% [ @entity2 ] versus 62.7% [overweight] versus 53.2% [normal weight]; adjusted relative risk [ @entity2 versus overweight]: 1.08 [95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.23]; P<0.05; and adjusted RR [ @entity2 versus normal weight]: 1.17 [95% CI: 1.10-1.42], P<0.01). Mortality from @entity5 was not significant within the categories. The Cox regression model showed flow mediated dilation (P<0.0001), high-sensitive @entity8 (P=0.022) and BMI (P=0.045) as independent predictors of acute coronary events. CONCLUSION: BMI is not associated with the extent of @entity6 and mortality. The higher incidence of coronary events in @entity2 subjects is only partly explained by conventional associated risk factors. Impaired endothelial function and sub-clinical @entity3 could be involved in this association but BMI itself is related to cardiovascular events suggesting that other unknown (or not considered) pathways are involved.

title: Influence of body mass index on extent of @entity6 and @entity5 in a cohort of XXXX at risk of @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity2 evaluation is controversial and likely underestimated. Technological advances over the past 5  years have demonstrated that multiparametric MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, can evaluate the @entity1 burden of a newly diagnosed @entity2 more accurately than sextant biopsy protocols. @entity1 risk, defined by the D'Amico criteria, hence can be re-evaluated by multiparametric MRI. As a result, there is increasing evidence that MRI before repeat or even initial biopsy can accurately select @entity0 who require immediate biopsies and those in whom biopsy could be deferred. Also, a relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), calculated from DWI, and Gleason score was found. Thus, MRI before biopsy helps to detect high-grade @entity1 to target biopsies within areas of low ADC values. To achieve good targeting accuracy, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-MRI image registration is necessary. Three-dimensional deformable registration is sufficiently accurate to match TRUS and MRI volumes with a topographic precision of 1  mm. Real-time MRI-guided biopsy is another technique under evaluation. Both approaches will allow for increasing acceptance of focal therapies, should these techniques be validated in the future.

title: Value of multiparametric MRI in the work-up of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: To compare walking function, @entity1 , and @entity3 in adults with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) 7 years after an initial survey. METHOD: A multidimensional questionnaire was mailed to 226 @entity0 with unilateral (hemiplegic) or bilateral (diplegic) @entity2 who had participated in a 1999 survey. @entity0 with additional diagnoses were excluded. Special emphasis was placed on @entity0 with deterioration in walking. The questionnaire was the same as in 1999. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-nine @entity0 (76 males, 73 females; mean age 40y 5mo, SD 10y 7mo, range 24-76y) with a diagnosis of unilateral (n=81) or bilateral (n=68) @entity2 responded. Fifty-two per cent of all @entity0 reported deterioration in walking function since debut of walking, compared with 39% 7 years previously. In @entity0 with bilateral @entity2 , 71% reported deteriorated walking, compared with 37% of @entity0 with unilateral @entity2 . @entity0 with deteriorated walking function had greater @entity1 frequency, @entity1 intensity, impact of @entity1 on daily activities, and physical @entity3 and reduced balance. The number of @entity0 reporting overall mobility problems was almost double compared with 7 years previously. INTERPRETATION: The main finding was an increased prevalence of deteriorated walking, significantly associated with bilateral @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity3 , and reduced balance. Rehabilitation programmes addressing these areas are needed.

title: Walking function, @entity1 , and XXXX in adults with @entity2 : a 7-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To compare walking function, @entity1 , and @entity3 in adults with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) 7 years after an initial survey. METHOD: A multidimensional questionnaire was mailed to 226 @entity0 with unilateral (hemiplegic) or bilateral (diplegic) @entity2 who had participated in a 1999 survey. @entity0 with additional diagnoses were excluded. Special emphasis was placed on @entity0 with deterioration in walking. The questionnaire was the same as in 1999. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-nine @entity0 (76 males, 73 females; mean age 40y 5mo, SD 10y 7mo, range 24-76y) with a diagnosis of unilateral (n=81) or bilateral (n=68) @entity2 responded. Fifty-two per cent of all @entity0 reported deterioration in walking function since debut of walking, compared with 39% 7 years previously. In @entity0 with bilateral @entity2 , 71% reported deteriorated walking, compared with 37% of @entity0 with unilateral @entity2 . @entity0 with deteriorated walking function had greater @entity1 frequency, @entity1 intensity, impact of @entity1 on daily activities, and physical @entity3 and reduced balance. The number of @entity0 reporting overall mobility problems was almost double compared with 7 years previously. INTERPRETATION: The main finding was an increased prevalence of deteriorated walking, significantly associated with bilateral @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity3 , and reduced balance. Rehabilitation programmes addressing these areas are needed.

title: Walking function, XXXX , and @entity3 in adults with @entity2 : a 7-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To compare walking function, @entity1 , and @entity3 in adults with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) 7 years after an initial survey. METHOD: A multidimensional questionnaire was mailed to 226 @entity0 with unilateral (hemiplegic) or bilateral (diplegic) @entity2 who had participated in a 1999 survey. @entity0 with additional diagnoses were excluded. Special emphasis was placed on @entity0 with deterioration in walking. The questionnaire was the same as in 1999. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-nine @entity0 (76 males, 73 females; mean age 40y 5mo, SD 10y 7mo, range 24-76y) with a diagnosis of unilateral (n=81) or bilateral (n=68) @entity2 responded. Fifty-two per cent of all @entity0 reported deterioration in walking function since debut of walking, compared with 39% 7 years previously. In @entity0 with bilateral @entity2 , 71% reported deteriorated walking, compared with 37% of @entity0 with unilateral @entity2 . @entity0 with deteriorated walking function had greater @entity1 frequency, @entity1 intensity, impact of @entity1 on daily activities, and physical @entity3 and reduced balance. The number of @entity0 reporting overall mobility problems was almost double compared with 7 years previously. INTERPRETATION: The main finding was an increased prevalence of deteriorated walking, significantly associated with bilateral @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity3 , and reduced balance. Rehabilitation programmes addressing these areas are needed.

title: Walking function, @entity1 , and @entity3 in adults with XXXX : a 7-year follow-up study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been thought that @entity2 (PA) injections do not have inflammatory side effects. Recent evidence shows that local and regional delayed adverse effects may appear with its use. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical complaints and follow-up of @entity0 with delayed immune-mediated adverse effects related to PA injections. METHODS: Prospective, case-series study of 10 @entity0 with delayed adverse effects related to PA injections. Only @entity0 with intermediate or delayed adverse effects related to @entity2 injection were included. @entity0 with immediate side effects were excluded. @entity0 underwent clinical management, follow-up, and when possible, blood tests and biopsy. RESULTS: Average latency period to onset of symptoms was 10 months (range 2-36). Tender, inflammatory nodules--granulomas--with pseudo-abscesses were commonly seen. @entity1 were found in all analyzed cases. After 20.1 months average follow-up, five @entity0 were in remission, two had recurrent bouts, and three were lost to follow-up, one of them in remission. CONCLUSION: Although it happens infrequently, local and regional delayed and recurrent granulomatous reactions may complicate PA gel injections.

title: Delayed immune-mediated adverse effects related to XXXX dermal fillers: clinical findings, management, and follow-up.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Individuals with electrocardiographically determined left @entity2 (ECG LVH) are at risk of multiple @entity1 ( @entity1 ) outcomes simultaneously. The study sought to characterise the competing incidences for subtypes of first @entity1 events or non- @entity1 death in those with and without ECG LVH. METHODS: @entity0 in the @entity5 Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study were included. ECG LVH was defined according to Sokolow-Lyon criteria. Competing Cox models were used to compare hazards for diverse outcomes within groups (e.g., among those with ECG LVH) and for a given event between groups (ECG LVH vs. no ECG LVH). RESULTS: After 15 years, @entity0 with ECG LVH at baseline (N=383) had a cumulative incidence of first @entity1 events and non- @entity1 deaths of 29.2% and 6.1%, respectively (HR 4.86; 95% CI 3.04 to 7.77). In @entity0 without ECG LVH (N=6576) the incidence of any first @entity1 event and non- @entity1 death was 18.9% and 6.9%, respectively (HR 2.67; 2.39 to 2.98). Similar associations were observed in @entity0 (N=381 with and N=8187 without ECG LVH). @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was the most common first event in @entity0 with ECG LVH (15.0%) and @entity4 was the most common first event in @entity0 with ECG LVH (10.5%). After adjustment for risk factors including systolic blood pressure, any @entity1 event remained the most likely first event. CONCLUSIONS: Among middle-aged individuals with ECG LVH, the most likely first events are @entity3 in @entity0 and @entity4 in @entity0 ; these results may have implications for preventive approaches.

title: Competing cardiovascular outcomes associated with electrocardiographic left XXXX : the @entity5 Risk in Communities Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Individuals with electrocardiographically determined left @entity2 (ECG LVH) are at risk of multiple @entity1 ( @entity1 ) outcomes simultaneously. The study sought to characterise the competing incidences for subtypes of first @entity1 events or non- @entity1 death in those with and without ECG LVH. METHODS: @entity0 in the @entity5 Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study were included. ECG LVH was defined according to Sokolow-Lyon criteria. Competing Cox models were used to compare hazards for diverse outcomes within groups (e.g., among those with ECG LVH) and for a given event between groups (ECG LVH vs. no ECG LVH). RESULTS: After 15 years, @entity0 with ECG LVH at baseline (N=383) had a cumulative incidence of first @entity1 events and non- @entity1 deaths of 29.2% and 6.1%, respectively (HR 4.86; 95% CI 3.04 to 7.77). In @entity0 without ECG LVH (N=6576) the incidence of any first @entity1 event and non- @entity1 death was 18.9% and 6.9%, respectively (HR 2.67; 2.39 to 2.98). Similar associations were observed in @entity0 (N=381 with and N=8187 without ECG LVH). @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was the most common first event in @entity0 with ECG LVH (15.0%) and @entity4 was the most common first event in @entity0 with ECG LVH (10.5%). After adjustment for risk factors including systolic blood pressure, any @entity1 event remained the most likely first event. CONCLUSIONS: Among middle-aged individuals with ECG LVH, the most likely first events are @entity3 in @entity0 and @entity4 in @entity0 ; these results may have implications for preventive approaches.

title: Competing cardiovascular outcomes associated with electrocardiographic left @entity2 : the XXXX Risk in Communities Study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the retina of @entity0 subjects with @entity1 , and @entity4 , CD105, and gelatinase B in proliferative @entity1 (PVR) epiretinal membranes. METHODS: Twelve donor eyes from six subjects with @entity1 , 10 eyes from five nondiabetic subjects, 14 PDR membranes, and five PVR membranes were studied by immunohistochemical techniques. In situ zymography was used to examine gelatinolytic activity in four PDR membranes. RESULTS: In nondiabetic retinas, there was no immunoreactivity for @entity4 . @entity1 showed immunoreactivity for @entity4 in ganglion cells and microglia. Vascular endothelial cells in PDR membranes expressed @entity4 , CD105, and gelatinase B in 10 (71.4%), 11 (78.6%), and 5 (35.7%) membranes, respectively. Myofibroblasts in PDR membranes expressed @entity4 , and gelatinase B in 14 (100%), and 6 (42.9%) membranes, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the number of blood vessels expressing the panendothelial marker @entity3 and the number of blood vessels expressing @entity4 (r = 0.7884; P = 0.0008), and CD105 (r = 0.6901; P = 0.0063), and the number of myofibroblasts expressing @entity4 (r = 0.5922; P = 0.0257). There was a significant correlation between the number of myofibroblasts expressing alpha-smooth muscle actin and the number of myofibroblasts expressing @entity4 (r = 0.8393; P = 0.0002). In situ zymography showed the presence of gelatinolytic activity in vascular endothelial cells in PDR membranes. Myofibroblasts in PVR membranes expressed @entity4 , and gelatinase B. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a possible role of @entity4 , CD105, and gelatinase B in the pathogenesis of proliferative @entity2 .

title: Expression of angiogenic and fibrogenic factors in proliferative XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: American Heart Association/American @entity1 Association guidelines recommend initiating treatment with IV @entity5 (tPA) in acute @entity2 @entity0 without suspected @entity4 prior to availability of clotting results; however, little or no data support this practice. We sought to identify how often @entity6 were responsible for withholding IV tPA at our institution. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of our prospectively acquired Get With the Guidelines @entity1 database from January 2003 to April 2008. All @entity0 underwent clinical evaluation by a neurologist, diagnostic neuroimaging, and laboratory testing on admission. We classified @entity0 with absolute contraindications to IV tPA as ineligible, and those with warnings/relative contraindications or potentially treatable factors as potentially eligible. RESULTS: Of 2,335 considered for analysis, 470 (20.1%) @entity0 presented to our emergency department (ED) within 3 hours. Among these, 147 (31.3%) received IV tPA in our ED, 102 (21.7%) had an absolute contraindication, and 221 (47%) had a reason to consider withholding tPA. Only 30/470 (6.4%) of potential thrombolysis @entity0 were discovered to have international normalized ratio > or =1.7 or platelets < or =100,000/microL, and of these, 28 were suspected a priori due to known @entity4 from medication or illness. Only 2/470 (0.4%) @entity0 had an unsuspected @entity4 that ultimately prevented thrombolysis. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the experience of a large thrombolysis referral center, @entity1 @entity0 without suspected clotting abnormality can safely begin thrombolytic therapy before clotting results are available. These data support the current practice guidelines, and may reassure clinicians that the benefits of early administration greatly outweigh the risks due to an unsuspected @entity3 diathesis.

title: XXXX rarely prevents IV thrombolysis in acute @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: American Heart Association/American @entity1 Association guidelines recommend initiating treatment with IV @entity5 (tPA) in acute @entity2 @entity0 without suspected @entity4 prior to availability of clotting results; however, little or no data support this practice. We sought to identify how often @entity6 were responsible for withholding IV tPA at our institution. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of our prospectively acquired Get With the Guidelines @entity1 database from January 2003 to April 2008. All @entity0 underwent clinical evaluation by a neurologist, diagnostic neuroimaging, and laboratory testing on admission. We classified @entity0 with absolute contraindications to IV tPA as ineligible, and those with warnings/relative contraindications or potentially treatable factors as potentially eligible. RESULTS: Of 2,335 considered for analysis, 470 (20.1%) @entity0 presented to our emergency department (ED) within 3 hours. Among these, 147 (31.3%) received IV tPA in our ED, 102 (21.7%) had an absolute contraindication, and 221 (47%) had a reason to consider withholding tPA. Only 30/470 (6.4%) of potential thrombolysis @entity0 were discovered to have international normalized ratio > or =1.7 or platelets < or =100,000/microL, and of these, 28 were suspected a priori due to known @entity4 from medication or illness. Only 2/470 (0.4%) @entity0 had an unsuspected @entity4 that ultimately prevented thrombolysis. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the experience of a large thrombolysis referral center, @entity1 @entity0 without suspected clotting abnormality can safely begin thrombolytic therapy before clotting results are available. These data support the current practice guidelines, and may reassure clinicians that the benefits of early administration greatly outweigh the risks due to an unsuspected @entity3 diathesis.

title: @entity4 rarely prevents IV thrombolysis in acute XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Since the combination of @entity4 and @entity10 has successfully been used as a first-line treatment in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), we expected promising results when given as a second-line treatment to metastatic colorectal @entity0 who had been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 . METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 @entity0 participated in this study and received an oral dose of 1,000 mg/m(2 ) @entity4 twice daily on days 1-14 and a dose of 100 mg/m(2) @entity10 infused over 90 min on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate in intent-to-treat was 33.3% (95% CI, 21.5-58.3%), including one complete response (3.0%) and ten partial responses (30.3%); 12 @entity0 (36.4%) had disease stabilization and only 9 (27.3%) progressed. The median time to progression was 6.7 months (95% CI, 4.8-8.6 months). After a median follow-up time of 12 months, nine @entity0 (27.3%) were still alive with metastatic disease. The median response duration for all @entity0 was 6.7 months (95% CI, 3.9-9.5 months) and the median overall survival was 13.4 months (95% CI, 11.0-15.8 months) with a 1-year survival rate of 55.4%. Myelosuppression was commonly observed; NCI-CTC (v 2.0) grade 3/4 @entity8 , however, occurred in eight (24%) @entity0 and grade 3 @entity5 was seen in one @entity0 (3%). The most common (grade 3/4) non-hematological @entity2 was @entity3 (15%) and the other severe grade 3/4 @entity2 included @entity7 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity11 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity12 in one @entity0 (3%). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity4 and @entity10 is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for second-line treatment of @entity1 . However, further phase III trials are required to clarify its use in the treatment of metastastic @entity1 @entity0 who have been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 .

title: The combination of @entity4 and @entity10 in treating @entity9 - and XXXX -pretreated @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Since the combination of @entity4 and @entity10 has successfully been used as a first-line treatment in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), we expected promising results when given as a second-line treatment to metastatic colorectal @entity0 who had been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 . METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 @entity0 participated in this study and received an oral dose of 1,000 mg/m(2 ) @entity4 twice daily on days 1-14 and a dose of 100 mg/m(2) @entity10 infused over 90 min on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate in intent-to-treat was 33.3% (95% CI, 21.5-58.3%), including one complete response (3.0%) and ten partial responses (30.3%); 12 @entity0 (36.4%) had disease stabilization and only 9 (27.3%) progressed. The median time to progression was 6.7 months (95% CI, 4.8-8.6 months). After a median follow-up time of 12 months, nine @entity0 (27.3%) were still alive with metastatic disease. The median response duration for all @entity0 was 6.7 months (95% CI, 3.9-9.5 months) and the median overall survival was 13.4 months (95% CI, 11.0-15.8 months) with a 1-year survival rate of 55.4%. Myelosuppression was commonly observed; NCI-CTC (v 2.0) grade 3/4 @entity8 , however, occurred in eight (24%) @entity0 and grade 3 @entity5 was seen in one @entity0 (3%). The most common (grade 3/4) non-hematological @entity2 was @entity3 (15%) and the other severe grade 3/4 @entity2 included @entity7 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity11 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity12 in one @entity0 (3%). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity4 and @entity10 is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for second-line treatment of @entity1 . However, further phase III trials are required to clarify its use in the treatment of metastastic @entity1 @entity0 who have been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 .

title: The combination of @entity4 and XXXX in treating @entity9 - and @entity6 -pretreated @entity1 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: PURPOSE: Since the combination of @entity4 and @entity10 has successfully been used as a first-line treatment in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), we expected promising results when given as a second-line treatment to metastatic colorectal @entity0 who had been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 . METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 @entity0 participated in this study and received an oral dose of 1,000 mg/m(2 ) @entity4 twice daily on days 1-14 and a dose of 100 mg/m(2) @entity10 infused over 90 min on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate in intent-to-treat was 33.3% (95% CI, 21.5-58.3%), including one complete response (3.0%) and ten partial responses (30.3%); 12 @entity0 (36.4%) had disease stabilization and only 9 (27.3%) progressed. The median time to progression was 6.7 months (95% CI, 4.8-8.6 months). After a median follow-up time of 12 months, nine @entity0 (27.3%) were still alive with metastatic disease. The median response duration for all @entity0 was 6.7 months (95% CI, 3.9-9.5 months) and the median overall survival was 13.4 months (95% CI, 11.0-15.8 months) with a 1-year survival rate of 55.4%. Myelosuppression was commonly observed; NCI-CTC (v 2.0) grade 3/4 @entity8 , however, occurred in eight (24%) @entity0 and grade 3 @entity5 was seen in one @entity0 (3%). The most common (grade 3/4) non-hematological @entity2 was @entity3 (15%) and the other severe grade 3/4 @entity2 included @entity7 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity11 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity12 in one @entity0 (3%). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity4 and @entity10 is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for second-line treatment of @entity1 . However, further phase III trials are required to clarify its use in the treatment of metastastic @entity1 @entity0 who have been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 .

title: The combination of @entity4 and @entity10 in treating XXXX - and @entity6 -pretreated @entity1 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: Since the combination of @entity4 and @entity10 has successfully been used as a first-line treatment in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), we expected promising results when given as a second-line treatment to metastatic colorectal @entity0 who had been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 . METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 @entity0 participated in this study and received an oral dose of 1,000 mg/m(2 ) @entity4 twice daily on days 1-14 and a dose of 100 mg/m(2) @entity10 infused over 90 min on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate in intent-to-treat was 33.3% (95% CI, 21.5-58.3%), including one complete response (3.0%) and ten partial responses (30.3%); 12 @entity0 (36.4%) had disease stabilization and only 9 (27.3%) progressed. The median time to progression was 6.7 months (95% CI, 4.8-8.6 months). After a median follow-up time of 12 months, nine @entity0 (27.3%) were still alive with metastatic disease. The median response duration for all @entity0 was 6.7 months (95% CI, 3.9-9.5 months) and the median overall survival was 13.4 months (95% CI, 11.0-15.8 months) with a 1-year survival rate of 55.4%. Myelosuppression was commonly observed; NCI-CTC (v 2.0) grade 3/4 @entity8 , however, occurred in eight (24%) @entity0 and grade 3 @entity5 was seen in one @entity0 (3%). The most common (grade 3/4) non-hematological @entity2 was @entity3 (15%) and the other severe grade 3/4 @entity2 included @entity7 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity11 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity12 in one @entity0 (3%). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity4 and @entity10 is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for second-line treatment of @entity1 . However, further phase III trials are required to clarify its use in the treatment of metastastic @entity1 @entity0 who have been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 .

title: The combination of XXXX and @entity10 in treating @entity9 - and @entity6 -pretreated @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Since the combination of @entity4 and @entity10 has successfully been used as a first-line treatment in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), we expected promising results when given as a second-line treatment to metastatic colorectal @entity0 who had been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 . METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 @entity0 participated in this study and received an oral dose of 1,000 mg/m(2 ) @entity4 twice daily on days 1-14 and a dose of 100 mg/m(2) @entity10 infused over 90 min on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate in intent-to-treat was 33.3% (95% CI, 21.5-58.3%), including one complete response (3.0%) and ten partial responses (30.3%); 12 @entity0 (36.4%) had disease stabilization and only 9 (27.3%) progressed. The median time to progression was 6.7 months (95% CI, 4.8-8.6 months). After a median follow-up time of 12 months, nine @entity0 (27.3%) were still alive with metastatic disease. The median response duration for all @entity0 was 6.7 months (95% CI, 3.9-9.5 months) and the median overall survival was 13.4 months (95% CI, 11.0-15.8 months) with a 1-year survival rate of 55.4%. Myelosuppression was commonly observed; NCI-CTC (v 2.0) grade 3/4 @entity8 , however, occurred in eight (24%) @entity0 and grade 3 @entity5 was seen in one @entity0 (3%). The most common (grade 3/4) non-hematological @entity2 was @entity3 (15%) and the other severe grade 3/4 @entity2 included @entity7 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity11 in one @entity0 (3%), @entity12 in one @entity0 (3%). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity4 and @entity10 is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for second-line treatment of @entity1 . However, further phase III trials are required to clarify its use in the treatment of metastastic @entity1 @entity0 who have been pretreated with @entity9 and @entity6 .

title: The combination of @entity4 and @entity10 in treating @entity9 - and @entity6 -pretreated XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The local effectiveness and clinical usefulness of multipolar radiofrequency (RF) ablation of @entity3 was evaluated. Sixty-eight image-guided RF sessions were performed using a multipolar device with bipolar electrodes in 53 @entity0 . There were 45 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and 42 @entity1 with a diameter < or =3 cm (n = 55), 3.1-5 cm (n = 29) and >5 cm (n = 3); 26 nodules were within 5 mm from large vessels. Local effectiveness and complications were evaluated after RF procedures. Mean follow-up was 17 +/- 10 months. Recurrence and survival rates were analysed by the Kaplan-Meier method. The primary and secondary technical effectiveness rate was 82% and 95%, respectively. The major and minor complication rate was 2.9%, respectively. The local @entity2 progression at 1- and 2-years was 5% and 9% for @entity4 nodules and 17% and 31% for @entity1 , respectively; four of 26 nodules (15%) close to vessels showed local progression. The survival at 1 year and 2 years was 97% and 90% for @entity4 and 84% and 68% for @entity1 , respectively. Multipolar RF technique creates ablation zones of adequate size and tailored shape and is effective to treat most @entity3 , including those close to major hepatic vessels.

title: Image-guided multipolar radiofrequency ablation of XXXX : initial clinical results.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) kinases, a closely related family of protein kinases, are involved in cell cycle regulation and differentiation in @entity1 and @entity0 cells. They have not been documented in ciliates. We used PCR to amplify DNA sequences of a ciliated protozoan-- @entity8 --using primers corresponding to @entity2 sequences that are common to @entity6 kinases. We isolated and sequenced one putative @entity6 kinase-like @entity3 / @entity5 kinase cDNA from @entity8 . This cDNA, called pcstk1 ( @entity8 @entity3 / @entity5 Kinase 1) shared approximately 35% @entity2 identity with @entity6 kinases from @entity1 . @entity6 kinases are activated by phosphorylation of specific @entity5 and @entity4 residues. These two @entity2 residues are conserved in the PCSTK1 sequence at positions Thr 159 and Tyr 161. The PSTAIRE motif, which is characteristic of the CDK2 gene family, cannot be found in ORF of PCSTK1. The highest homology score was to @entity0 @entity7 , which contains @entity6 type kinase domains. Comparisons of expression level have shown that pcstk1 is expressed equally in cells at different stages (sexual and asexual). We discussed the possibility, as in other organisms, that a family of @entity6 kinase genes exists in @entity8 .

title: Isolation and characterization of a XXXX cDNA clone encoding a putative @entity3 / @entity5 protein kinase.

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) kinases, a closely related family of protein kinases, are involved in cell cycle regulation and differentiation in @entity1 and @entity0 cells. They have not been documented in ciliates. We used PCR to amplify DNA sequences of a ciliated protozoan-- @entity8 --using primers corresponding to @entity2 sequences that are common to @entity6 kinases. We isolated and sequenced one putative @entity6 kinase-like @entity3 / @entity5 kinase cDNA from @entity8 . This cDNA, called pcstk1 ( @entity8 @entity3 / @entity5 Kinase 1) shared approximately 35% @entity2 identity with @entity6 kinases from @entity1 . @entity6 kinases are activated by phosphorylation of specific @entity5 and @entity4 residues. These two @entity2 residues are conserved in the PCSTK1 sequence at positions Thr 159 and Tyr 161. The PSTAIRE motif, which is characteristic of the CDK2 gene family, cannot be found in ORF of PCSTK1. The highest homology score was to @entity0 @entity7 , which contains @entity6 type kinase domains. Comparisons of expression level have shown that pcstk1 is expressed equally in cells at different stages (sexual and asexual). We discussed the possibility, as in other organisms, that a family of @entity6 kinase genes exists in @entity8 .

title: Isolation and characterization of a @entity8 cDNA clone encoding a putative @entity3 / XXXX protein kinase.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) kinases, a closely related family of protein kinases, are involved in cell cycle regulation and differentiation in @entity1 and @entity0 cells. They have not been documented in ciliates. We used PCR to amplify DNA sequences of a ciliated protozoan-- @entity8 --using primers corresponding to @entity2 sequences that are common to @entity6 kinases. We isolated and sequenced one putative @entity6 kinase-like @entity3 / @entity5 kinase cDNA from @entity8 . This cDNA, called pcstk1 ( @entity8 @entity3 / @entity5 Kinase 1) shared approximately 35% @entity2 identity with @entity6 kinases from @entity1 . @entity6 kinases are activated by phosphorylation of specific @entity5 and @entity4 residues. These two @entity2 residues are conserved in the PCSTK1 sequence at positions Thr 159 and Tyr 161. The PSTAIRE motif, which is characteristic of the CDK2 gene family, cannot be found in ORF of PCSTK1. The highest homology score was to @entity0 @entity7 , which contains @entity6 type kinase domains. Comparisons of expression level have shown that pcstk1 is expressed equally in cells at different stages (sexual and asexual). We discussed the possibility, as in other organisms, that a family of @entity6 kinase genes exists in @entity8 .

title: Isolation and characterization of a @entity8 cDNA clone encoding a putative XXXX / @entity5 protein kinase.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 2 @entity1 is a @entity2 , with major consequences for @entity0 , society, and health care services. Good glycemic control is an important aspect of @entity1 management because it has a significant impact on @entity1 -related microvascular and possibly macrovascular complications. Based on our understanding of the pathogenesis of @entity1 , multiple pharmacological interventions have been developed in the past 60 years. Although effective, none have had a lasting effect on glycemic control because of the progressive nature of @entity3 2 @entity1 requiring combination therapies and insulin treatment. In addition, several pharmacologic interventions have undesirable side effects, including @entity6 and @entity5 . Drugs targeting the incretin pathway are the latest addition to the available antidiabetes agents. Incretin-based therapy is either delivered orally ( @entity8 [ @entity8 ]) inhibitors or injected subcutaneously ( @entity7 [ @entity7 ] mimetics and analogues). @entity8 inhibitors are effective either as a single or combination therapy in lowering glycated hemoglobin, fasting and postprandial @entity4 levels, with a low incidence of @entity6 and no @entity5 . There are 3 @entity8 inhibitors currently available ( @entity10 , @entity11 , and @entity9 ), with more expected to be available in the future. In this article, we review the scientific background for incretin-based therapy and the available evidence regarding the role and efficacy of @entity8 inhibitors in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity3 2 @entity1 .

title: XXXX inhibitors in clinical practice.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Daily wound assessment, including dressing changes and the removal of old ointments causes discomfort for the @entity0 . We therefore developed a new thermoreversible and transparent gel formulation that allows for filling wounds of different shapes and depths. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a wound covering gel on wound healing and the skin's microcirculation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Investigations were carried out in a standardized and reproducible wound model (hairless @entity2 SKH1/hr, n = 30). Three groups were studied by intravital fluorescence microscopy: treatment with @entity7 -preserved wound covering gel, a formulation containing 3% @entity5 ( @entity6 )- @entity3 , and physiological saline for control. Microcirculatory standard parameters were analysed. RESULTS: The non-perfused area vanished within 14 days due to angiogenesis. The venular diameter, @entity1 formation and functional capillary density showed no significant differences between the three groups. CONCLUSION: The use of the newly developed wound covering gel has no toxic effects on microcirculation and angiogenesis and reveals no significant differences in the overall assessment of microcirculation compared to the control group and the well-established @entity4 . The transparent antibacterial wound covering gel allows for direct wound assessment. Due to its thermoreversible gel formulation it enables good wound contact and easy handling.

title: Evaluation of a novel XXXX -preserved wound covering gel on dermal wound healing.

answer: @entity7


abstract: We report the formation of 830 nm (cw) laser-induced, reversible axonal varicosities, using immunostaining with beta-tubulin, in small and medium diameter, @entity4 positive, cultured @entity0 DRG neurons. Laser also induced a progressive and statistically significant decrease (p<0.005) in MMP in mitochondria in and between static axonal varicosities. In cell bodies of the neuron, the decrease in MMP was also statistically significant (p<0.05), but the decrease occurred more slowly. Importantly we also report for the first time that 830 nm (cw) laser blocked fast axonal flow, imaged in real time using confocal laser microscopy and JC-1 as mitotracker. Control neurons in parallel cultures remained unaffected with no varicosity formation and no change in MMP. Mitochondrial movement was continuous and measured along the axons at a rate of 0.8 microm/s (range 0.5-2 microm/s), consistent with fast axonal flow. Photoacceptors in the mitochondrial membrane absorb laser and mediate the transduction of laser energy into electrochemical changes, initiating a secondary cascade of intracellular events. In neurons, this results in a decrease in MMP with a concurrent decrease in available @entity2 required for nerve function, including maintenance of microtubules and molecular motors, dyneins and kinesins, responsible for fast axonal flow. Laser-induced neural blockade is a consequence of such changes and provide a mechanism for a neural basis of laser-induced @entity1 relief. The repeated application of laser in a clinical setting modulates nociception and @entity1 . The application of laser therapy for @entity3 may provide a non-drug alternative for the management of @entity3 .

title: 830 nm laser irradiation induces varicosity formation, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential and blocks fast axonal flow in small and medium diameter XXXX dorsal root ganglion neurons: implications for the analgesic effects of 830 nm laser.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by @entity1 sustained by dysregulated immune response. T-regulatory cells are involved in @entity4 pathogenesis, mainly producing @entity3 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta. Indeed, there is a functional and allergen-specific defect of T-regulatory cells in @entity4 . However, there are no data about the influence of allergen exposure on @entity5 serum levels. Therefore, the aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate @entity5 serum levels in @entity0 with seasonal @entity4 . @entity0 were evaluated either outside the pollen season and after 1 preseasonal @entity6 ( @entity6 ) course (38 subjects) or during the pollen season (57 subjects). METHODS: All @entity0 were @entity2 to Parietaria and/or grasses alone. @entity5 was measured by a commercially available kit. Symptoms, drug use and eosinophils were evaluated.Serum allergen-specific IgG and IgA levels were also measured by the ELISA method. RESULTS: @entity5 serum levels were significantly lower in @entity0 evaluated outside the pollen season in comparison with the other 2 situations. @entity6 induced the significantly highest @entity5 serum levels. There was a significant negative relationship between @entity5 and eosinophils in @entity0 after @entity6 . IgG and IgA levels were higher in @entity6 -treated @entity0 . CONCLUSION: This preliminary study provides evidence that @entity5 serum levels are significantly dependent on allergen exposure.

title: Serum transforming growth factor-beta levels depend on allergen exposure in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: To describe the clinical outcomes of @entity0 with circumscribed and diffuse @entity3 treated by proton beam irradiation using a nonsurgical light-field technique. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on a series of 19 @entity0 (19 eyes) with @entity3 treated with proton beam therapy between July 1988 and August 2005. @entity3 were treated with proton beam irradiation using a light-field technique and doses ranging from 15 to 30 cobalt Gray equivalents (CGE; CGE = proton Gy x relative biological effectiveness 1.1) in 4 fractions. @entity0 with at least 6 months' follow-up were included in the study. Tumor regression, visual acuity, absorption of subretinal fluid, and treatment-associated complications were evaluated by clinical examination and ultrasonography. RESULTS: Visual acuity improved or remained stable in 14 of 18 eyes (78%). Subretinal fluid was initially present in 16 of 19 eyes (84%), and completely resolved in all 16 eyes. Tumor height, as measured by B-scan ultrasonography, decreased in 18 of 19 eyes and remained stable in 1 of 19, as of the last examination. Complications of radiation developed in 9 of 19 eyes (47%) with the total applied dose ranging from 15 to 30 CGE for these 9 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Proton beam irradiation using a light-field technique without surgical @entity1 localization is an effective treatment option in managing both circumscribed @entity3 and @entity2 associated with @entity4 . A total proton dose as low as 15 CGE applied in 4 fractions appears to be sufficient to reduce @entity1 size, promote absorption of subretinal fluid, and improve or stabilize vision in most @entity0 .

title: Proton beam irradiation using a light-field technique for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic features of @entity4 . METHODS: The clinical and pathologic characteristics of 18 cases of @entity4 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Amongst the 18 cases studied, there was a male predominance (male-to-female ratio = 2:1). The age of @entity0 ranged from 7 to 54 years (mean age = 18.2 years). The @entity1 often occurred in the lateral ventricles (16/18, 88.9%). Most @entity0 presented with @entity2 and @entity3 (11/18, 61.1%), followed by visual disturbance (3/18, 16.7%). Eleven @entity0 (61.1%) had clinical features of @entity7 , usually in the form of @entity10 (8/18, 44.4%). Computerized tomography was performed in 10 cases, in which 7 cases were of high density and 5 cases showed contrast enhancement. MRI revealed isointense mass lesion on T1WI (7/11, 63.6%), highly intense lesion on T2WI (10/11, 90.9%) and contrast enhancement in some cases (9/11, 81.8%). Four @entity0 had follow-up information available and all of them were alive from 1 to 5 years (mean = 3.5 years). Histologically, there were bundles of spindle cells mixed with clusters of gemistocytes and @entity8 -like cells. The spindle cells showed immunoreactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein (18/18, 100%), while the gemistocytes and @entity8 -like cells expressed @entity9 (14/18, 77.8%). Most of the cases (16/18, 88.9%) had @entity6 index <or= 1%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 is a benign @entity5 with distinctive histopathologic features. The @entity1 typically affects @entity0 and young adults. It is associated with a favorable clinical outcome, especially if completely excised.

title: [Clinicopathologic study of XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effects of @entity2 and @entity1 on @entity0 completion of structured cardiac rehabilitation. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 380 @entity0 with @entity4 , coronary artery bypass graft, @entity6 , or @entity5 referred to cardiac rehabilitation. @entity0 physical capacity was tested by the standard 12-minute @entity7 ( @entity7 ). @entity2 , @entity1 , and quality of life were assessed by standard questionnaires. Program completers were contrasted to dropouts on dependent variables at baseline. Baseline and postprogram @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and quality of life were also compared in completers by using ANOVA and paired t tests. RESULTS: One-half of entering @entity0 completed the program. Statistically significant differences were observed in baseline @entity2 , @entity1 , and quality of life between program completers and dropouts. Dropouts had higher @entity2 and @entity1 scores and lower quality of life, but there were no differences in @entity7 . Younger, female @entity0 had higher dropout rates. @entity0 also had higher @entity3 , lower quality of life, and less feet walked than @entity0 . Dropout rate was lowest in @entity0 with coronary artery bypass graft and highest in @entity0 with @entity5 . Both male and female completers evidenced significant improvements in @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological distress makes completion of cardiac rehabilitation difficult. @entity0 need to be assessed early in the intervention so that @entity2 and @entity1 can be identified and managed. Completion of the program is advantageous because it is associated with improvement in all measured variables.

title: Effects of @entity2 and XXXX on adherence to cardiac rehabilitation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effects of @entity2 and @entity1 on @entity0 completion of structured cardiac rehabilitation. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 380 @entity0 with @entity4 , coronary artery bypass graft, @entity6 , or @entity5 referred to cardiac rehabilitation. @entity0 physical capacity was tested by the standard 12-minute @entity7 ( @entity7 ). @entity2 , @entity1 , and quality of life were assessed by standard questionnaires. Program completers were contrasted to dropouts on dependent variables at baseline. Baseline and postprogram @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and quality of life were also compared in completers by using ANOVA and paired t tests. RESULTS: One-half of entering @entity0 completed the program. Statistically significant differences were observed in baseline @entity2 , @entity1 , and quality of life between program completers and dropouts. Dropouts had higher @entity2 and @entity1 scores and lower quality of life, but there were no differences in @entity7 . Younger, female @entity0 had higher dropout rates. @entity0 also had higher @entity3 , lower quality of life, and less feet walked than @entity0 . Dropout rate was lowest in @entity0 with coronary artery bypass graft and highest in @entity0 with @entity5 . Both male and female completers evidenced significant improvements in @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological distress makes completion of cardiac rehabilitation difficult. @entity0 need to be assessed early in the intervention so that @entity2 and @entity1 can be identified and managed. Completion of the program is advantageous because it is associated with improvement in all measured variables.

title: Effects of XXXX and @entity1 on adherence to cardiac rehabilitation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose was to report a case of unilateral @entity6 with @entity5 in the other eye. METHODS: Eight years ago, a 36-year-old @entity0 complained of peripheral @entity1 in her left eye when she covered her right eye. Complete ophthalmological examinations including fundus photography and @entity3 angiography, full-field electroretinography, dark adaptation, and microperimetry were performed. RESULTS: Best-corrected visual acuity of the @entity0 was 0.2 with +2.5 diopters in her right eye and 0.3 with +1.5 diopters in her left eye. Fundus examination did not reveal any @entity2 , but narrow retinal vessels, optic disc pallor, and peripheral @entity4 was found in the left eye. The full-field electroretinography was normal in the right eye, but rod response, cone response, and combined response were non-recordable, and 30-Hz response was very small in the left eye. Dark adaptation thresholds were normal in the right eye, but were dramatically elevated in the left eye. Microperimetry was normal in the right eye, but the visual field was reduced to a 2x5 degrees central field in the left eye. CONCLUSION: Unilateral @entity6 with @entity5 in the other eye is a rare condition. The @entity0 presented here had a case of unilateral @entity6 with the other eye with @entity5 . It is necessary to perform functional and morphological ophthalmological examinations to confirm the diagnosis.

title: Unilateral @entity6 with XXXX in the fellow eye.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose was to report a case of unilateral @entity6 with @entity5 in the other eye. METHODS: Eight years ago, a 36-year-old @entity0 complained of peripheral @entity1 in her left eye when she covered her right eye. Complete ophthalmological examinations including fundus photography and @entity3 angiography, full-field electroretinography, dark adaptation, and microperimetry were performed. RESULTS: Best-corrected visual acuity of the @entity0 was 0.2 with +2.5 diopters in her right eye and 0.3 with +1.5 diopters in her left eye. Fundus examination did not reveal any @entity2 , but narrow retinal vessels, optic disc pallor, and peripheral @entity4 was found in the left eye. The full-field electroretinography was normal in the right eye, but rod response, cone response, and combined response were non-recordable, and 30-Hz response was very small in the left eye. Dark adaptation thresholds were normal in the right eye, but were dramatically elevated in the left eye. Microperimetry was normal in the right eye, but the visual field was reduced to a 2x5 degrees central field in the left eye. CONCLUSION: Unilateral @entity6 with @entity5 in the other eye is a rare condition. The @entity0 presented here had a case of unilateral @entity6 with the other eye with @entity5 . It is necessary to perform functional and morphological ophthalmological examinations to confirm the diagnosis.

title: Unilateral XXXX with @entity5 in the fellow eye.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary repair of penetrating wounds of the colon is gaining increasing acceptance in surgical practice. This study compared two techniques for the repair of experimental @entity1 in the presence of @entity0 . METHODS: Multiple @entity1 were created in the colon of 24 @entity3 . Following a 6-h delay the perforations were closed either by local excision and suture or by skin staples applied to the seromuscular layers of the colon. The repairs were assessed biomechanically and histologically for up to 14 days after surgery. RESULTS: All animals had @entity0 at the time of colonic repair. Stapled repairs were completed significantly faster than sutured repairs (mean(s.d.) 4.8(1.6) versus 30.7(4.0) min, P < 0.001). Bio- mechanical evaluation of repairs revealed no significant differences between the two techniques. Histological examination of repairs closed by staples demonstrated more advanced healing compared with suture closure, on the basis of tissue apposition and inflammatory changes. CONCLUSION: Experimental @entity2 may be treated successfully by primary repair in the presence of @entity0 . The use of skin staples for repair does not appear to prejudice colonic wound healing.

title: Comparison of two closure techniques for the repair of experimental XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: "Vision 2020" was initiated in 1999 and many relevant activities are ongoing, but little information is available on what it has achieved and what constraints it faces. It is not yet clear if funding is the most important constraint. Nepal is one of the underdeveloped countries, but an advanced country in preventing avoidable @entity2 . The aim of this study was to compare the situation in China and in Nepal in prevention of avoidable @entity2 . METHODS: Data from literature review and a field visit were combined. All statistical analyses were carried out with SPSS Version 11.5. The chi-square test was used for comparisons involving categorical variables. RESULTS: The @entity2 rate is higher in Nepal than that in China (P < 0.05). The average number of @entity1 operations performed by one ophthalmologist is much lower in China than in Nepal. The @entity1 surgical rate (CSR) is much lower in China than in Nepal (P < 0.001). High cost of the surgery and inadequate qualifications of @entity0 resources were found in China. @entity1 surgical outcome in China compared well with international standards. CONCLUSIONS: Progress towards the "Vision 2020" target in China is much slower than that in Nepal. Further attention to address this issue is urgently needed.

title: Comparative study on preventing avoidable XXXX in China and in Nepal.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are capable of differentiating into cardiomyogenic and endothelial cells in vitro. We tested the hypothesis that transplantation of ADSCs into @entity1 may regenerate infracted myocardium and restore cardiac function. METHODS: ADSCs were isolated from the fatty tissue of New Zealand white @entity0 and cultured in Iscoves modified dulbeccos medium. Three weeks after ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery of @entity0 , either a graft of untreated ADSCs (UASCs, n = 14), @entity5 -pretreated ADSCs (AASCs, n = 13), or @entity4 buffer saline (n = 13) were injected into the @entity3 region. Transmural scar size, cardiac function, and immunohistochemistry were performed 5 weeks after cell transplantation. RESULTS: ADSCs in culture demonstrated a fibroblast-like appearance and expressed CD29, @entity7 and CD105. Five weeks after cell transplantation, transmural scar size in AASC-implanted hearts was smaller than that of the other hearts. Many ADSCs were differentiated into cardiomyocytes. The AASCs in the prescar appeared more myotube-like. AASCs in the middle of the scar and UASCs, in contrast, were poorly differentiated. Some ADSCs were differentiated into endothelial cells and participate in vessel-like structures formation. All the ADSC-implanted hearts had a greater capillary density in the @entity3 region than did the control hearts. Statistical analyses revealed significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction, myocardial performance index, end-diastolic pressure, and peak +dP/dt, in two groups of ADSC-implanted hearts relative to the control hearts. AASC-implanted hearts had higher peak -dP/dt values than did control, higher ejection fraction and peak +dP/dt values than did UASC-implanted hearts. CONCLUSIONS: ADSCs transplanted into the @entity1 tissue formed @entity2 , induced @entity6 and improved cardiac function. @entity5 pretreatment before implantation is desirable for augmenting myogenesis. Transplantation of @entity5 -treated ADSCs into the @entity1 was more efficient than that of untreated ADSCs in preservation of cardiac function.

title: Transplantation of autologous adipose-derived stem cells ameliorates cardiac function in XXXX with myocardial infarction.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether an association exists between @entity1 ( @entity1 ) sustained in adulthood and @entity0 6 months or longer after injury. DESIGN: Systematic review of the published, peer-reviewed literature. RESULTS: From 430 articles, we identified 11 primary and 22 secondary studies that examined @entity0 by using performance measures for adults who were at least 6 months post- @entity1 . There was clear evidence of an association between penetrating @entity2 and @entity0 . Factors that modified this association included preinjury intelligence, volume of brain tissue lost, and brain region injured. There was also suggestive evidence that penetrating @entity2 may exacerbate the cognitive effects of normal aging. We found clear evidence for long-term @entity0 associated with severe @entity1 . There was suggestive evidence that moderately severe @entity2 are associated with @entity0 . There was inadequate/insufficient evidence to determine whether an association exists between a single, mild @entity1 and @entity0 6 months or longer postinjury. CONCLUSION: In adults, penetrating, moderate, and severe @entity1 are associated with @entity0 6 months or longer postinjury. There is insufficient evidence to determine whether mild @entity1 is associated with @entity0 6 months or longer postinjury.

title: Cognitive outcome following XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clara cell 10-kDa protein ( @entity9 ) is a multifunction protein with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects; hence we compared the @entity9 expression between @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 with and without @entity3 ( @entity3 ), analyzed its association with disease severity and response to surgery, and explored its regulation via cytokines. METHODS: The plasma and tissue @entity9 levels were compared between controls and @entity1 @entity0 with and without @entity3 by means of quantitative RT-PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry. Computed tomography (CT) scan and endoscopy findings and symptoms were scored. Nasal explant culture was used to explore the effect of @entity2 , @entity6 , @entity7 , INF-gamma, and @entity5 on @entity9 gene regulation. RESULTS: Compared with controls, the @entity9 expression in sinonasal mucosa was significantly inhibited in both @entity1 @entity0 with and without @entity3 . There was a significant further decrease of @entity9 expression in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity4 . No difference in @entity9 plasma levels was found between controls and @entity0 . @entity9 levels inversely correlated with preoperative CT scores, and postoperative endoscopy and symptom scores. @entity2 , @entity6 and @entity7 inhibited, whereas INF-gamma and @entity5 promoted @entity9 production in nasal mucosa. A significantly faster decay of @entity9 transcripts was seen after @entity6 treatment. @entity6 and @entity5 induced @entity8 expression. INF-gamma increased, whereas @entity7 inhibited hepatocyte nuclear factor-3alpha expression. CONCLUSION: @entity9 may take part in the pathogenesis of @entity1 and correlates with disease severity and response to surgery. Different cytokines can regulate @entity9 expression in nasal mucosa differentially through modulating mRNA stability and certain transcriptional factors expression.

title: Clara cell 10-kDa protein expression in XXXX and its cytokine-driven regulation in sinonasal mucosa.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is one of the major killers of @entity0 under 5 years. Prompt and appropriate management is crucial; yet, the care a sick @entity0 receives depends on caretakers' perception of illness and action taken. Hence, understanding of local illness concepts on @entity1 and caretakers' response is crucial for interventions aimed at improved management. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate local illness concepts involving childhood @entity2 , cough and difficult/fast breathing and how these concepts' influence management of @entity0 with potential @entity1 . METHODS: Key informant interviews with eight health workers and eight traditional healers and five focus group discussions, including presentation of a @entity4 showing @entity0 suffering from respiratory problems, with mothers of @entity0 under 5 years old in Iganga/Mayuge Demographic Surveillance Site (DSS) in eastern Uganda. RESULTS: Many terminologies were used to refer to symptoms of @entity1 . Difficult/fast breathing was considered severe but was not presented among common childhood illnesses. Mothers were likely to interpret any condition involving @entity2 as @entity3 and had different preferred actions for difficult/fast breathing in their @entity0 . Although mothers mentioned using drugs at home for @entity1 related symptoms, they gave examples only of antipyretics. Health workers said mothers would use antimalarials and sometimes antibiotics to treat breathing problems. CONCLUSIONS: There is a community knowledge gap on symptoms and biomedical treatment for @entity1 . To promote appropriate management of childhood @entity2 , @entity1 and @entity3 as two separate illnesses should be highlighted, the role of antibiotics must be emphasized and local illness concepts should be addressed in behaviour change communication.

title: Local illness concepts--implications for management of XXXX in eastern Uganda.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of sudden @entity3 is a significant matter of discussion. Lack of knowledge of the natural history of the disease and the use of different success criteria are 2 of the main reasons why it is difficult to critically evaluate the data available in the literature. To date, no therapy has proved effective according to the evidence criteria. However, there has been a trend toward the use of @entity2 in recent years. The management of @entity0 who fail to respond to standard therapy is even more complex; in these cases, intratympanic @entity2 have been proposed as a valuable solution. METHODS: Twenty-seven @entity0 unresponsive to traditional systemic therapy were treated with intratympanic @entity2 . RESULTS: The mean pure-tone average before intratympanic treatment was 79.9 +/- 21.4 SD dB; at Day 30, after local @entity1 administration, the mean pure-tone average was 60.6 +/- 24.9 SD dB. According to our criteria, 15 (55%) of 27 @entity0 presented a "useful" improvement in the hearing status. No serious complications have been observed. CONCLUSION: Local application is confirmed as easy to perform and is associated with negligible complications. Our experience, although retrospective, seems to confirm the usefulness (at least in 50% of @entity0 ) of local @entity2 administration in cases of refractory sudden @entity4 . Our encouraging data strongly call for further and serious evaluation through randomized studies.

title: Intratympanic methylprednisolone in refractory sudden XXXX : a 27- @entity0 case series with univariate and multivariate analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of sudden @entity3 is a significant matter of discussion. Lack of knowledge of the natural history of the disease and the use of different success criteria are 2 of the main reasons why it is difficult to critically evaluate the data available in the literature. To date, no therapy has proved effective according to the evidence criteria. However, there has been a trend toward the use of @entity2 in recent years. The management of @entity0 who fail to respond to standard therapy is even more complex; in these cases, intratympanic @entity2 have been proposed as a valuable solution. METHODS: Twenty-seven @entity0 unresponsive to traditional systemic therapy were treated with intratympanic @entity2 . RESULTS: The mean pure-tone average before intratympanic treatment was 79.9 +/- 21.4 SD dB; at Day 30, after local @entity1 administration, the mean pure-tone average was 60.6 +/- 24.9 SD dB. According to our criteria, 15 (55%) of 27 @entity0 presented a "useful" improvement in the hearing status. No serious complications have been observed. CONCLUSION: Local application is confirmed as easy to perform and is associated with negligible complications. Our experience, although retrospective, seems to confirm the usefulness (at least in 50% of @entity0 ) of local @entity2 administration in cases of refractory sudden @entity4 . Our encouraging data strongly call for further and serious evaluation through randomized studies.

title: Intratympanic methylprednisolone in refractory sudden @entity3 : a 27- XXXX case series with univariate and multivariate analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To investigate the distribution and origin of @entity2 ( @entity2 )-positive stromal cells in the perforation of @entity0 @entity8 . Perforative lesions of 24 surgically resected @entity8 were examined immunohistochemically for @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity3 , CAM5.2 and HMW-CK, and double staining of @entity2 and CAM5.2 was also performed. In addition, to determine the cell source of collagen, in situ hybridization of collagen I mRNA was performed. In the normal gastroduodenal wall, the reticular network of @entity4 -positive stromal cells was identified in the @entity7 , @entity6 , and subserosa. In the subepithelial area, many myofibroblasts were observed, whereas no @entity4 -positive stromal cells were seen. In areas neighboring ulcerative lesions, no @entity4 -positive stromal cells were observed, but a significant number of myofibroblasts were present there. In the deep layer of @entity1 , numerous fusiform or stellate stromal cells strongly positive for @entity2 and CAM5.2 were observed in the subserosal area around the perforation. In the same site, many cells co-expressing @entity2 and CAM5.2 were identified by double staining. In contrast, in the surface layer of @entity1 , stromal cells expressing only @entity2 were observed. The cytokeratin-positive subserosal myofibroblastic cell in @entity0 @entity8 is a novel type of myofibroblast.

title: Cytokeratin-positive subserosal myofibroblasts in XXXX ; another type of myofibroblasts.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Surgical treatment of @entity3 is associated with postoperative immunosuppression, which might facilitate dissemination of @entity2 cells and outgrowth of minimal @entity4 /(micro) @entity1 . Minimal @entity4 has been shown to be of prognostic relevance in @entity3 . Therefore, stimulation of (anti- @entity2 ) immune responses may be beneficial in the prevention of @entity1 formation. Important anti- @entity2 effector cells, which serve this function, are natural killer (NK) cells, @entity5 + lymphocytes (CTL), dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages. In this review the immunomodulating properties of @entity6 are discussed, with a particular focus on perioperative stimulation of immune function in @entity2 @entity0 . @entity6 is known to enhance innate immune functions such as stimulation of NK cells, transition from innate to adaptive responses (activation of DC) and regulating of @entity5 + CTL activity and memory. Moreover, it exerts direct antitumor effects by regulating apoptosis and cell cycle. In several clinical trials, perioperative administration of @entity6 has indeed been shown to improve T cell responsiveness, prevent @entity7 and increase expression of activation markers on NK, T and NKT cells. In a clinical pilot study we showed in @entity3 @entity0 that received perioperative @entity6 enhanced activation markers on T cells and NK cells, combined with better-preserved T cell function as indicated by phytohemaggluttinin skin tests. In the liver of these @entity0 significantly more @entity5 + T cells were found. In conclusion, @entity6 provides an effective adjuvant in several forms of @entity2 and improves several postoperative immune functions in perioperative administration. However, larger clinical trials are necessary to investigate effects on disease-free and overall survival.

title: Perioperative @entity6 to avoid surgically induced immune suppression in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Surgical treatment of @entity3 is associated with postoperative immunosuppression, which might facilitate dissemination of @entity2 cells and outgrowth of minimal @entity4 /(micro) @entity1 . Minimal @entity4 has been shown to be of prognostic relevance in @entity3 . Therefore, stimulation of (anti- @entity2 ) immune responses may be beneficial in the prevention of @entity1 formation. Important anti- @entity2 effector cells, which serve this function, are natural killer (NK) cells, @entity5 + lymphocytes (CTL), dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages. In this review the immunomodulating properties of @entity6 are discussed, with a particular focus on perioperative stimulation of immune function in @entity2 @entity0 . @entity6 is known to enhance innate immune functions such as stimulation of NK cells, transition from innate to adaptive responses (activation of DC) and regulating of @entity5 + CTL activity and memory. Moreover, it exerts direct antitumor effects by regulating apoptosis and cell cycle. In several clinical trials, perioperative administration of @entity6 has indeed been shown to improve T cell responsiveness, prevent @entity7 and increase expression of activation markers on NK, T and NKT cells. In a clinical pilot study we showed in @entity3 @entity0 that received perioperative @entity6 enhanced activation markers on T cells and NK cells, combined with better-preserved T cell function as indicated by phytohemaggluttinin skin tests. In the liver of these @entity0 significantly more @entity5 + T cells were found. In conclusion, @entity6 provides an effective adjuvant in several forms of @entity2 and improves several postoperative immune functions in perioperative administration. However, larger clinical trials are necessary to investigate effects on disease-free and overall survival.

title: Perioperative XXXX to avoid surgically induced immune suppression in @entity3 @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Surgical treatment of @entity3 is associated with postoperative immunosuppression, which might facilitate dissemination of @entity2 cells and outgrowth of minimal @entity4 /(micro) @entity1 . Minimal @entity4 has been shown to be of prognostic relevance in @entity3 . Therefore, stimulation of (anti- @entity2 ) immune responses may be beneficial in the prevention of @entity1 formation. Important anti- @entity2 effector cells, which serve this function, are natural killer (NK) cells, @entity5 + lymphocytes (CTL), dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages. In this review the immunomodulating properties of @entity6 are discussed, with a particular focus on perioperative stimulation of immune function in @entity2 @entity0 . @entity6 is known to enhance innate immune functions such as stimulation of NK cells, transition from innate to adaptive responses (activation of DC) and regulating of @entity5 + CTL activity and memory. Moreover, it exerts direct antitumor effects by regulating apoptosis and cell cycle. In several clinical trials, perioperative administration of @entity6 has indeed been shown to improve T cell responsiveness, prevent @entity7 and increase expression of activation markers on NK, T and NKT cells. In a clinical pilot study we showed in @entity3 @entity0 that received perioperative @entity6 enhanced activation markers on T cells and NK cells, combined with better-preserved T cell function as indicated by phytohemaggluttinin skin tests. In the liver of these @entity0 significantly more @entity5 + T cells were found. In conclusion, @entity6 provides an effective adjuvant in several forms of @entity2 and improves several postoperative immune functions in perioperative administration. However, larger clinical trials are necessary to investigate effects on disease-free and overall survival.

title: Perioperative @entity6 to avoid surgically induced immune suppression in @entity3 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: Target controlled infusion intravenous anesthesia is a growing phenomenon. Nowadays, many anesthesiologists feel the need to monitor depth of anesthesia during total intravenous anesthesia, even though it is not a standard technique worldwide. Spectral Entropy (SE) is a relatively new depth of anesthesia index. The aim of this study was to investigate whether predicted site-effect @entity2 concentrations, A-line Autoregressive Index (AAI) and SE values are useful for predicting loss of verbal contact (LVC) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) during steady-state conditions. METHODS: Forty-four @entity0 scheduled for elective major abdominal surgery were recruited. All @entity0 were unpremedicated. A target controlled infusion of @entity2 was administered using Schnider's pharmacokinetic model. The initial @entity2 infusion provided a site-effect concentration of 1.0 mcg @entity3 , and was increased stepwise by 1.0 mcg @entity3 every 4 minutes until the concentration reached 6.0 mcg @entity3 . A 4 minute interval was chosen to assure that steady state site-effect concentrations were obtained. AAI, SE and @entity2 site-effect concentrations were recorded when LVC occurred and also when @entity1 occurred. Population values for predicted site-effect concentrations at the clinical endpoints were estimated and correlated with AAI and SE values. RESULTS: In our study for @entity1 the effect-site concentration to include 90% of @entity0 was 5.85 ?mcg @entity3 (5.70-5.90) and 3.4 mcg @entity3 (3.24-3.60) for LVC. In this study, 90% of @entity0 lost verbal contact at an AAI value of 68 (64.6-71.4) and an SE value of 68.2 (66.2-70.2). @entity1 occurred in 90% of @entity0 at an AAI value of 39.2 (37.2-41.1) and an SE value of 40.2 (38.1-41.3). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 and LVC occur within a defined range of predicted site-effect concentrations. More emphasis should be given to site-effect concentrations. SE and AAI have similar values at different endpoints and similar correlation with Ceprop. AAI and SE are both useful tools in predicting both LVC and @entity1 .

title: Relationship between A-line Autoregressive Index, Spectral Entropy and steady state predicted site-effect effective concentrations at 05-50-95 of XXXX at different clinical endpoints.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Cryptosporidiosis was investigated on two @entity3 ( @entity3 ) holdings in the South-West of England. Diagnosis was initially confirmed in a cria with @entity1 from each holding. Cohort faeces samples were subsequently collected and examined for presence of @entity2 oocysts by immunofluorescence microscopy. On the first holding, 30 samples (24 adults, 6 crias) were tested, and oocysts were detected in three of the cria samples but in none of the adults. On the second holding, 14 floor faeces samples representing apparently healthy crias and one faeces sample from a cria with @entity1 were collected. Oocysts were detected in four of the "healthy" faeces samples and the sample of diarrhoeic faeces. All isolates were confirmed as @entity2 using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism of the @entity2 oocyst wall protein (COWP) and ssu rRNA genes. Sequence analysis of a 741bp region of ssu rDNA was carried out on nine of these and revealed high sequence homology with previously reported @entity2 isolates. This investigation highlights the possibility of @entity3 crias subclinically shedding oocysts, which has implications for epidemiology and transmission in animals as well as raising zoonotic concerns for @entity0 contacts. Gene sequencing of UK isolates from South American camelids is also described for the first time.

title: Cryptosporidiosis in two XXXX ( @entity3 ) holdings in the South-West of England.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Cryptosporidiosis was investigated on two @entity3 ( @entity3 ) holdings in the South-West of England. Diagnosis was initially confirmed in a cria with @entity1 from each holding. Cohort faeces samples were subsequently collected and examined for presence of @entity2 oocysts by immunofluorescence microscopy. On the first holding, 30 samples (24 adults, 6 crias) were tested, and oocysts were detected in three of the cria samples but in none of the adults. On the second holding, 14 floor faeces samples representing apparently healthy crias and one faeces sample from a cria with @entity1 were collected. Oocysts were detected in four of the "healthy" faeces samples and the sample of diarrhoeic faeces. All isolates were confirmed as @entity2 using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism of the @entity2 oocyst wall protein (COWP) and ssu rRNA genes. Sequence analysis of a 741bp region of ssu rDNA was carried out on nine of these and revealed high sequence homology with previously reported @entity2 isolates. This investigation highlights the possibility of @entity3 crias subclinically shedding oocysts, which has implications for epidemiology and transmission in animals as well as raising zoonotic concerns for @entity0 contacts. Gene sequencing of UK isolates from South American camelids is also described for the first time.

title: Cryptosporidiosis in two @entity3 ( XXXX ) holdings in the South-West of England.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We compared the antibacterial effects and the emergence of resistance to @entity5 or @entity1 for @entity0 by simulating the serum concentration according to the Japanese clinical regimens using an in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. For @entity2 -susceptible strain ATCC49619, @entity5 showed bactericidal activity, given that both the AUC(0-24h)/MIC ratios at the dosage of 150 mg t.i.d. and 300 mg b.i.d. of @entity5 were 138 and 193, and the C(max)/MIC ranges were 7.93-10.2 and 15.9-17.6, respectively, which were greater than those of @entity1 (100 mg t.i.d. and 200 mg b.i.d.). The greater area above the killing curves (AAKCs) or shorter time to achieve 99.9% killing (99.9% KT) in both models of @entity5 than those of @entity1 was related to their larger AUC(0-24h)/MIC and C(max)/MIC. Exposure of only 100 mg t.i.d. of @entity1 led to outgrowth of the parC mutants, which were twofold less susceptible to @entity1 than the parent strain. Neither of the @entity5 tosilate regimens resulted in isolation of resistant mutants of this strain. For the parC mutant strain D-3197, both the AUC(0-24h)/MIC and C(max)/MIC ratios of @entity5 were greater than those of @entity1 , which resulted in comparable or better bactericidal activity as compared to those of @entity1 . However, both @entity4 and both regimens led to outgrowth of resistant mutants, which possessed a mutation in gyrA in addition to parC. In conclusion, @entity5 is superior to @entity1 in bactericidal activity against @entity3 in the Japanese clinical regimens, especially in the @entity2 -susceptible strain, without emergence of resistant subpopulations.

title: Pharmacodynamic evaluation of @entity5 against XXXX in an in vitro model simulating serum concentration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We compared the antibacterial effects and the emergence of resistance to @entity5 or @entity1 for @entity0 by simulating the serum concentration according to the Japanese clinical regimens using an in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. For @entity2 -susceptible strain ATCC49619, @entity5 showed bactericidal activity, given that both the AUC(0-24h)/MIC ratios at the dosage of 150 mg t.i.d. and 300 mg b.i.d. of @entity5 were 138 and 193, and the C(max)/MIC ranges were 7.93-10.2 and 15.9-17.6, respectively, which were greater than those of @entity1 (100 mg t.i.d. and 200 mg b.i.d.). The greater area above the killing curves (AAKCs) or shorter time to achieve 99.9% killing (99.9% KT) in both models of @entity5 than those of @entity1 was related to their larger AUC(0-24h)/MIC and C(max)/MIC. Exposure of only 100 mg t.i.d. of @entity1 led to outgrowth of the parC mutants, which were twofold less susceptible to @entity1 than the parent strain. Neither of the @entity5 tosilate regimens resulted in isolation of resistant mutants of this strain. For the parC mutant strain D-3197, both the AUC(0-24h)/MIC and C(max)/MIC ratios of @entity5 were greater than those of @entity1 , which resulted in comparable or better bactericidal activity as compared to those of @entity1 . However, both @entity4 and both regimens led to outgrowth of resistant mutants, which possessed a mutation in gyrA in addition to parC. In conclusion, @entity5 is superior to @entity1 in bactericidal activity against @entity3 in the Japanese clinical regimens, especially in the @entity2 -susceptible strain, without emergence of resistant subpopulations.

title: Pharmacodynamic evaluation of XXXX against @entity0 in an in vitro model simulating serum concentration.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is often associated with @entity1 such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. AIM: To assess the efficacy of @entity4 20 and 40 mg for resolution of heartburn and acid regurgitation in continuous NSAIDs. METHODS: A post hoc analysis of five clinical trials was performed. Two identically designed, placebo-controlled, 4-week studies (NASA1, SPACE1) enrolled non-ulcer, NSAIDs-treated @entity0 with upper @entity2 , discomfort or burning. PLUTO and VENUS were identically designed, placebo-controlled, 6-month studies that enrolled @entity0 at risk of NSAIDs-induced @entity3 . Study 285 was an 8-week comparative study with @entity6 (300 mg/day) in @entity0 with NSAIDs-induced @entity5 . Resolution of investigator-assessed heartburn and acid regurgitation was defined as symptom severity of 'none' in the last 7 days. RESULTS: In NASA1/SPACE1, heartburn resolved in 61% and 62% of @entity0 taking @entity4 20 and 40 mg, respectively (vs. 36% on placebo, P < 0.001), and acid regurgitation resolved in 65% and 67% (vs. 48%, P < 0.001). Resolution of both symptoms was greater with @entity4 than with placebo in PLUTO/VENUS (P <or= 0.001), and than with @entity6 in study 285 (P < 0.05 for @entity4 20 mg). CONCLUSION: Heartburn and regurgitation are common in @entity0 taking NSAIDs and @entity4 is efficacious for resolution of these symptoms.

title: Efficacy of XXXX for resolution of symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation in continuous users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 -induced @entity3 -like eruption is characterized by @entity2 in @entity0 that have been treated with topical steroids for relatively long periods. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of 1% pimecrolimus topical cream for @entity1 -induced @entity3 -like eruption. METHODS: In an open-label pilot study, 40 @entity0 were enrolled and instructed to apply 1% pimecrolimus cream twice daily for 6 weeks. @entity0 were evaluated by a @entity3 clinical score, investigator's global assessment, overall erythema severity, and tolerability at weeks 0, 2, and 6. RESULTS: In 35 @entity0 , the @entity3 clinical score decreased significantly from 16.0+/-4.3 at baseline to 8.1+/-3.3 at week 2 and 4.2+/-2.5 at week 6 (P<0.0001). Investigator's global assessment was 4.1+/-1.1 (baseline), then decreased to 1.4+/-0.8 (week 2) and 0.5+/-0.6 (week 6) (P<0.0001). By week 6, 48.6% of the @entity0 were clear. Overall erythema severity was 2.4+/-0.7 (baseline), 0.9+/-0.4 (week 2), and 0.3+/-0.4 (week 6) (P<0.0001). Cutaneous adverse events (local burning, stinging, and itching) occurred in 17.5%. CONCLUSION: Pimecrolimus cream might be efficacious, safe, and well tolerated for @entity1 -induced @entity3 -like eruption. The small sample size and open label nature of this study is its limitation. Further double-blind, vehicle-controlled studies are needed.

title: An open-label pilot study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topically applied pimecrolimus cream for the treatment of XXXX -induced @entity3 -like eruption.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 -induced @entity3 -like eruption is characterized by @entity2 in @entity0 that have been treated with topical steroids for relatively long periods. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of 1% pimecrolimus topical cream for @entity1 -induced @entity3 -like eruption. METHODS: In an open-label pilot study, 40 @entity0 were enrolled and instructed to apply 1% pimecrolimus cream twice daily for 6 weeks. @entity0 were evaluated by a @entity3 clinical score, investigator's global assessment, overall erythema severity, and tolerability at weeks 0, 2, and 6. RESULTS: In 35 @entity0 , the @entity3 clinical score decreased significantly from 16.0+/-4.3 at baseline to 8.1+/-3.3 at week 2 and 4.2+/-2.5 at week 6 (P<0.0001). Investigator's global assessment was 4.1+/-1.1 (baseline), then decreased to 1.4+/-0.8 (week 2) and 0.5+/-0.6 (week 6) (P<0.0001). By week 6, 48.6% of the @entity0 were clear. Overall erythema severity was 2.4+/-0.7 (baseline), 0.9+/-0.4 (week 2), and 0.3+/-0.4 (week 6) (P<0.0001). Cutaneous adverse events (local burning, stinging, and itching) occurred in 17.5%. CONCLUSION: Pimecrolimus cream might be efficacious, safe, and well tolerated for @entity1 -induced @entity3 -like eruption. The small sample size and open label nature of this study is its limitation. Further double-blind, vehicle-controlled studies are needed.

title: An open-label pilot study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topically applied pimecrolimus cream for the treatment of @entity1 -induced XXXX -like eruption.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Intramedullary fixation is used increasingly to treat @entity0 . Anatomical variations in the clavicle of relevance to this procedure are analyzed. The length, diameters and curvature of the clavicle were measured in 196 specimens from the dissecting room. The @entity1 bone density was analyzed in 300 cross-sectional samples of 100 specimens. The thickness of cortical and medullary bone of 70 slices was analyzed from freshly plastinated clavicles with implants in place. The female clavicle was shorter, less curved, and had a lower concentration of @entity1 than the male clavicle. Measurement of cortical thickness showed a mean value of 1.05 +/- 0.23 mm at the most sternal measuring point, 2.05 +/- 0.29 mm at the midpoint of the clavicle, and 0.95 +/- 0.35 mm at the acromial end. The thinnest regions were the medial ventral cortex and the dorsal acromial cortex. These measurements explain clinical observations on nail perforation. The diameter of the medullary canal measured 6.7 +/- 2.6 mm at its narrowest part, so that reaming (i.e., predrilling the medullary canal) prior to 3.5 mm @entity2 nail insertion is not necessary. The main difficulties encountered when placing a nail are secondary to the S-curvature of the clavicle. In 80% of @entity0 , the break is located at the narrowest diameter of the medullary canal. Thus, the clavicle displays definite gender- and side-specific anatomical features in terms of length, diameter, curvature, and @entity1 concentration. These should be considered when performing intramedullary fixation.

title: Anatomy of the clavicle and the intramedullary nailing of midclavicular XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Shared decision making may increase satisfaction with health care and improve outcomes, but little is known about adolescents' decision-making preferences. The primary purpose of this study is to describe the decision-making preferences of adolescents with @entity1 and their parents, and the extent to which they agree. DESIGN: Survey. SETTING AND @entity0 : @entity0 were 82 adolescents seen at one of four paediatric @entity1 subspecialty clinics and 62 of their parents. MAIN VARIABLES: Predictor variables include sociodemographics, health parameters, risk behaviour, and physical and cognitive development. The main outcome variable is preferences for decision-making style. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: When collapsed into three response categories, nearly equal percentages of adolescents (37%) and parents (36%) preferred shared decision making. Overall, the largest proportion of adolescents (46%) and parents (53%) preferred passive decision making compared to active or shared decision making. Across five response choices, 33% of pairs agreed. Agreement was slight and not significant. Improved general health perceptions (OR=0.76, 95% CI=0.59-0.99) and improved behaviour (OR=0.75, 95% CI=0.56-0.99) were significantly associated with parents' preferences for less active decision making. Older age was significantly associated with agreement (OR 1.58, 95% CI=1.09-2.30) between parents and adolescents. The paucity of significant predictor variables may indicate physicians need to inquire directly about @entity0 and parent preferences.

title: Views of treatment decision making from adolescents with XXXX and their parents: a pilot study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECT: This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the results of surgical treatment and the use of preoperative embolization in managing @entity0 with perimedullary arteriovenous @entity1 (AVFs). METHODS: The authors studied 20 consecutive @entity0 with perimedullary AVFs who underwent surgical treatment. Arteriovenous shunts were at the level of the cervical spine in five @entity0 , the thoracic spine in 12, and the conus medullaris in three @entity0 . Of the 20 AVFs, three were fed by the anterior spinal artery only, three by the posterior spinal artery, and 14 by both the anterior and posterior spinal arteries. Nine @entity0 had varices that compressed the spinal cord. Eleven @entity0 underwent surgery, and nine @entity0 underwent surgery combined with adjuvant preoperative embolization. @entity2 remarkably reduced blood flow through the AVFs and facilitated subsequent surgical procedures. Postoperative angiography revealed @entity3 in 16 @entity0 . However, small @entity1 persisted in the other four @entity0 , whose large lesions were fed by the anterior spinal artery. Postoperatively, neurological status was improved in 11 @entity0 , unchanged in eight, and worse in one @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Effective interruption of a spinal arteriovenous shunt was achieved by surgery in all cases, even when the anterior spinal artery was involved. For large and high-flow AVFs, embolization proved to be a useful adjunct to surgery.

title: Results of the surgical treatment of perimedullary arteriovenous XXXX with special reference to embolization.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: End-stage @entity1 secondary to total @entity5 or severe @entity7 of the hip (class B or C according to the system of Eftekhar or type 2 or 3 according to the system of Hartofilakidis et al.) in adults presents special problems with regard to reconstruction of the hip. The purpose of the present study was to assess the intermediate-term results associated with the use of a porous ingrowth acetabular component for the treatment of these difficult cases. METHODS: We performed a prospective study of a consecutive series of twenty-one @entity0 (twenty-four hips) who had had a primary total hip arthroplasty with use of a hemispherical acetabular component that was inserted without cement and fixed with screws. No @entity0 was lost to follow-up. Three @entity0 (four hips) died, of causes unrelated to the total hip arthroplasty, before a minimum duration of follow-up of five years. None of these @entity0 had had revision. Of the remaining eighteen @entity0 (twenty hips), fifteen were @entity0 and three were @entity0 . Ten hips had @entity5 , and ten had severe @entity4 . RESULTS: After an average duration of follow-up of eighty-three months (range, sixty-four to 102 months), the average Harris hip score was 90 points (range, 68 to 97 points). No @entity0 had revision, loosening, or migration of the acetabular component; pelvic @entity6 ; or a continuous radiolucent line at the mesh-bone interface of the acetabular component. The average rate of @entity3 wear was 0.08 millimeter per year (range, zero to 0.21 millimeter per year). CONCLUSIONS: The porous ingrowth acetabular component that was used in the present study functioned well at the time of the intermediate-term follow-up of this group of @entity0 who had marked @entity7 or total @entity2 . The use of this component decreased the need for structural acetabular grafts. This component appears to perform as well as larger components of this design that have been assessed after similar durations of follow-up.

title: Total hip arthroplasty with insertion of the acetabular component without cement in hips with total @entity5 or marked XXXX .

answer: @entity7