abstract: AIMS: Rest echocardiography plays a role in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) diagnosis and risk stratification because left @entity7 , severe left ventricle (LV) @entity6 , and rest @entity8 ( @entity8 ) gradients >= 50 mmHg are @entity4 risk factors that have been highlighted in recent guidelines. Conversely, the lack of evidence makes that exercise-echocardiography findings play a limited role. In clinical practice, @entity8 gradient, but also @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or pulmonary pressure, seems relevant parameters to look for, during the exercise. Therefore, we sought to determine whether exercise-induced changes in myocardial and valvular functions could improve @entity3 risk stratification. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive primitive @entity3 @entity0 with a preserved LV ejection fraction underwent standardized exercise echocardiography (including the assessment of myocardial function, dynamic left intraventricular gradient, and @entity2 ) at baseline and were clinically followed for a median of 29.3 months. The primary endpoint was a composite criterion that included death from any cause, @entity5 , and hospitalization for a cardiovascular event. A total of 126 @entity0 were included. Eighteen @entity0 reached the primary endpoint. According to univariate Cox regression analysis, exercise @entity8 gradient >= 50 mmHg [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.31, P = 0.01] and significant (>= 2/4) exercise @entity1 (HR = 3.64, P < 0.01) were associated with the primary endpoint. @entity0 with significant @entity1 had significantly higher rest and exercise @entity8 gradients (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001) and larger left atria volumes (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Significant exercise-induced @entity1 appears to significantly impact the prognoses of @entity3 @entity0 , and it is also associated with higher @entity8 rest and exercise gradients.

title: Impact of exercise-induced @entity1 on XXXX outcomes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: Rest echocardiography plays a role in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) diagnosis and risk stratification because left @entity7 , severe left ventricle (LV) @entity6 , and rest @entity8 ( @entity8 ) gradients >= 50 mmHg are @entity4 risk factors that have been highlighted in recent guidelines. Conversely, the lack of evidence makes that exercise-echocardiography findings play a limited role. In clinical practice, @entity8 gradient, but also @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or pulmonary pressure, seems relevant parameters to look for, during the exercise. Therefore, we sought to determine whether exercise-induced changes in myocardial and valvular functions could improve @entity3 risk stratification. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive primitive @entity3 @entity0 with a preserved LV ejection fraction underwent standardized exercise echocardiography (including the assessment of myocardial function, dynamic left intraventricular gradient, and @entity2 ) at baseline and were clinically followed for a median of 29.3 months. The primary endpoint was a composite criterion that included death from any cause, @entity5 , and hospitalization for a cardiovascular event. A total of 126 @entity0 were included. Eighteen @entity0 reached the primary endpoint. According to univariate Cox regression analysis, exercise @entity8 gradient >= 50 mmHg [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.31, P = 0.01] and significant (>= 2/4) exercise @entity1 (HR = 3.64, P < 0.01) were associated with the primary endpoint. @entity0 with significant @entity1 had significantly higher rest and exercise @entity8 gradients (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001) and larger left atria volumes (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Significant exercise-induced @entity1 appears to significantly impact the prognoses of @entity3 @entity0 , and it is also associated with higher @entity8 rest and exercise gradients.

title: Impact of exercise-induced XXXX on @entity3 outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: General @entity1 predicts @entity2 across the life course. This study examines the role of pleiotropy in explaining the link between @entity1 and @entity2 . METHODS: We used two large genome-wide association study data sets on @entity1 -one from older age, n = 53,949, and one from childhood, n = 12,441. We also used genome-wide association study data on educational attainment, n = 95,427, to examine the validity of its use as a proxy phenotype for @entity1 . Using a new method, linkage disequilibrium regression, we derived genetic correlations, free from the confounding of clinical state between @entity2 and @entity1 . RESULTS: We found a genetic correlation of .711, (p = 2.26e-12) across the life course for general @entity1 . We also showed a positive genetic correlation between @entity0 and @entity1 in childhood (rg = .360, p = .0009) and for educational attainment (rg = .322, p = 1.37e-5) but not in older age. In @entity3 , we found a negative genetic correlation between older age @entity1 (rg = -.231, p = 3.81e-12) but not in childhood or for educational attainment. For @entity4 , we found negative genetic correlations with childhood @entity1 (rg = -.341, p = .001), educational attainment (rg = -.324, p = 1.15e-5), and with older age @entity1 (rg = -.324, p = 1.78e-5). CONCLUSIONS: The pleiotropy exhibited between @entity1 and @entity2 changed across the life course. These age-dependent associations might explain why negative selection has not removed variants causally associated with @entity0 or @entity3 .

title: Age-Dependent Pleiotropy Between General Cognitive Function and Major XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The presenting features and their subsequent evolution in 36 @entity0 with pathologically proven or clinically probable @entity1 are described. The most common initial complaint was of a unilateral 'clumsy, stiff or jerky arm' (n = 20). Typically the arm was @entity4 , rigid and apraxic. In about a third of these the arm was held in a striking and characteristic fixed @entity5 . Jerking of the arm, due to action and stimulus-sensitive @entity3 accompanied these symptoms in about a third of the cases. The next most common presentation (n = 10) was difficulty walking due to clumsiness and loss of fine motor control of one leg due to @entity2 or dysequilibrium, or a combination of both. Sensory symptoms in the affected arm heralded the onset of illness in three and accompanied a motor disturbance in two cases. Presentation with @entity6 or a behavioural syndrome were rare. The symptoms progressed slowly, usually involving first the ipsilateral arm and leg, but gradually spread to affect all four limbs. After a mean follow-up of 5.2 years (range 2-8 years) gait difficulties and a @entity7 had emerged in most @entity0 and @entity6 and @entity8 were common. Higher mental function was relatively preserved in most and a cortical sensory loss was evident in a quarter of cases.

title: XXXX . A clinical study of 36 cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Post-tetanic ectopic discharges were studied in an identifiable @entity0 motor axon that could be stimulated non-invasively with high selectivity. This axon was tetanized at 300/s, for periods of 1-30 min, with 0.1 ms current pulses applied at the wrist. Repetitive discharges could be evoked by stimulation after @entity1 of 10 min or longer, and occurred spontaneously after @entity1 of 15 min or more. After a 20 min @entity1 , bursts of up to 20 impulses at intervals of about 7 ms could be evoked for more than 30 min. Immediately after @entity1 of short duration, the threshold current required to excite the unit was increased, and it subsequently recovered monotonically. After @entity1 of 15 min or more, the threshold rose, then fell rapidly to below resting threshold, where it stayed for about as long as the stimuli evoked repetitive firing, before rising slowly to a second, broader maximum. The final recovery phase followed a stereotyped time course, whether starting immediately after a 3 min @entity1 , or 2 h after a 30 min @entity1 . When excitability was tested at defined intervals after the last impulse, abrupt transitions from low to high threshold were recorded, indicating that the axon could stay depolarized for at least 4 s after an impulse before rapidly hyperpolarizing. Repetitive discharges were evoked both when the threshold was low and when it was high, but the latency between the direct response and the start of the burst was different in the two cases. Only the short latency bursts, occurring at high threshold, were affected by polarizing currents applied at the stimulation site. The bursts at long latency (up to 200 ms) were presumed to originate elsewhere. Spontaneous bursts, occurring at intervals of 4-20 s, resembled the bursts which could be evoked by stimulation at about the same time. Our observations suggest that these post-tetanic ectopic discharges, like post-ischaemic motor discharges, occur on transitions from a hyperpolarized to a depolarized state. The transitions may occur spontaneously, but are readily triggered by an action potential, giving rise to a prolonged supernormal period. The bistability of the membrane potential probably occurs because accumulation of @entity2 ions under the myelin makes the currents through internodal @entity2 channels regenerative.

title: Post-tetanic excitability changes and ectopic discharges in a XXXX motor axon.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of the receipt of medical care, including the receipt of pre-drug screening, for diagnostically targeted fungal or @entity4 among @entity0 prescribed a @entity1 @entity2 factor inhibitor (TNFi). METHODS: We conducted a case-control study using deidentified @entity0 health claims information from a data set representing a commercially insured US population of 15 million @entity0 annually from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009. Descriptive statistics as well as a 2-sample t-test, chi-square test of association, Fisher's exact test, and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: A total of 30,772 @entity0 received a TNFi during the study period. Of these, 158 @entity0 (0.51%) developed @entity5 (cases). The median number of @entity4 per case was 1.0 (interquartile range 1.0-2.0). @entity6 was diagnosed in 61% of cases, followed by @entity7 in 60%, nontuberculous @entity4 in 11%, @entity8 in 10%, unspecified @entity5 in 8%, @entity10 in 4%, @entity4 in 3%, and @entity9 in 2%. Compared to controls (n   = 474), a higher proportion of cases were prescribed @entity3 (55% versus 37%; P < 0.001). @entity0 who were prescribed @entity3 during the study period were twice as likely as those not taking @entity3 to seek medical care attributable to a targeted fungal or @entity4 (odds ratio 2.03; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Development of a targeted fungal or @entity4 among @entity0 taking a TNFi is rare. Concomitant use of @entity3 predicted development of such @entity4 .

title: Risk Factors for Targeted Fungal and Mycobacterial Infections in @entity0 Taking XXXX Necrosis Factor Inhibitors.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of the receipt of medical care, including the receipt of pre-drug screening, for diagnostically targeted fungal or @entity4 among @entity0 prescribed a @entity1 @entity2 factor inhibitor (TNFi). METHODS: We conducted a case-control study using deidentified @entity0 health claims information from a data set representing a commercially insured US population of 15 million @entity0 annually from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009. Descriptive statistics as well as a 2-sample t-test, chi-square test of association, Fisher's exact test, and multivariate logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: A total of 30,772 @entity0 received a TNFi during the study period. Of these, 158 @entity0 (0.51%) developed @entity5 (cases). The median number of @entity4 per case was 1.0 (interquartile range 1.0-2.0). @entity6 was diagnosed in 61% of cases, followed by @entity7 in 60%, nontuberculous @entity4 in 11%, @entity8 in 10%, unspecified @entity5 in 8%, @entity10 in 4%, @entity4 in 3%, and @entity9 in 2%. Compared to controls (n   = 474), a higher proportion of cases were prescribed @entity3 (55% versus 37%; P < 0.001). @entity0 who were prescribed @entity3 during the study period were twice as likely as those not taking @entity3 to seek medical care attributable to a targeted fungal or @entity4 (odds ratio 2.03; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Development of a targeted fungal or @entity4 among @entity0 taking a TNFi is rare. Concomitant use of @entity3 predicted development of such @entity4 .

title: Risk Factors for Targeted Fungal and Mycobacterial Infections in XXXX Taking @entity1 Necrosis Factor Inhibitors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of golimumab through 5 years in adults with active @entity1 who had not previously received @entity2 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: In GO-BEFORE, 637 @entity3 -na  ve adult @entity0 with active @entity1 were randomized (1:1:1:1) to placebo+ @entity3 (Group 1), golimumab 100mg+placebo (Group 2), golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 (Group 3), or golimumab 100mg+ @entity3 (Group 4). Inadequate responders in Groups 1, 2, and 3 entered early escape at week28 to golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 , golimumab 100mg+ @entity3 , or golimumab 100mg + @entity3 , respectively; remaining @entity0 in Group 1 could crossover to golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 at week52. Assessments included ACR20/50/70 response, DAS28-CRP scores, and vdH-mTSS. Efficacy was analyzed using an intent-to-treat analysis. Pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity were evaluated at selected visits. RESULTS: A total of 422 @entity0 completed golimumab treatment through week256. At week256, 72.8%, 54.6%, and 38.0% of all @entity0 in the full ITT population (n=637) had an ACR20/50/70 response, respectively, 84.1% had a good or moderate DAS28-CRP response, and 72.7% had a clinically meaningful improvement in physical function. Radiographic progression was minimal in all treatment groups through week256, and the overall mean change from baseline in vdH-mTSS was 1.36. Serum trough golimumab concentrations were approximately dose proportional and maintained through week256. Antibodies to golimumab occurred in 9.6% of @entity0 through week256. Infections were the most common type of AE; 204/616 @entity0 (33.1%) had >= 1 serious AE. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical efficacy with golimumab treatment was maintained through week256 of the GO-BEFORE trial of @entity3 -na  ve @entity1 @entity0 . No unexpected AEs occurred; safety results through 5 years are consistent with earlier reports. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous golimumab in XXXX -na  ve @entity0 with @entity1 : 5-year results of the GO-BEFORE trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of golimumab through 5 years in adults with active @entity1 who had not previously received @entity2 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: In GO-BEFORE, 637 @entity3 -na  ve adult @entity0 with active @entity1 were randomized (1:1:1:1) to placebo+ @entity3 (Group 1), golimumab 100mg+placebo (Group 2), golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 (Group 3), or golimumab 100mg+ @entity3 (Group 4). Inadequate responders in Groups 1, 2, and 3 entered early escape at week28 to golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 , golimumab 100mg+ @entity3 , or golimumab 100mg + @entity3 , respectively; remaining @entity0 in Group 1 could crossover to golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 at week52. Assessments included ACR20/50/70 response, DAS28-CRP scores, and vdH-mTSS. Efficacy was analyzed using an intent-to-treat analysis. Pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity were evaluated at selected visits. RESULTS: A total of 422 @entity0 completed golimumab treatment through week256. At week256, 72.8%, 54.6%, and 38.0% of all @entity0 in the full ITT population (n=637) had an ACR20/50/70 response, respectively, 84.1% had a good or moderate DAS28-CRP response, and 72.7% had a clinically meaningful improvement in physical function. Radiographic progression was minimal in all treatment groups through week256, and the overall mean change from baseline in vdH-mTSS was 1.36. Serum trough golimumab concentrations were approximately dose proportional and maintained through week256. Antibodies to golimumab occurred in 9.6% of @entity0 through week256. Infections were the most common type of AE; 204/616 @entity0 (33.1%) had >= 1 serious AE. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical efficacy with golimumab treatment was maintained through week256 of the GO-BEFORE trial of @entity3 -na  ve @entity1 @entity0 . No unexpected AEs occurred; safety results through 5 years are consistent with earlier reports. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous golimumab in @entity2 -na  ve @entity0 with XXXX : 5-year results of the GO-BEFORE trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of golimumab through 5 years in adults with active @entity1 who had not previously received @entity2 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: In GO-BEFORE, 637 @entity3 -na  ve adult @entity0 with active @entity1 were randomized (1:1:1:1) to placebo+ @entity3 (Group 1), golimumab 100mg+placebo (Group 2), golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 (Group 3), or golimumab 100mg+ @entity3 (Group 4). Inadequate responders in Groups 1, 2, and 3 entered early escape at week28 to golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 , golimumab 100mg+ @entity3 , or golimumab 100mg + @entity3 , respectively; remaining @entity0 in Group 1 could crossover to golimumab 50mg+ @entity3 at week52. Assessments included ACR20/50/70 response, DAS28-CRP scores, and vdH-mTSS. Efficacy was analyzed using an intent-to-treat analysis. Pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity were evaluated at selected visits. RESULTS: A total of 422 @entity0 completed golimumab treatment through week256. At week256, 72.8%, 54.6%, and 38.0% of all @entity0 in the full ITT population (n=637) had an ACR20/50/70 response, respectively, 84.1% had a good or moderate DAS28-CRP response, and 72.7% had a clinically meaningful improvement in physical function. Radiographic progression was minimal in all treatment groups through week256, and the overall mean change from baseline in vdH-mTSS was 1.36. Serum trough golimumab concentrations were approximately dose proportional and maintained through week256. Antibodies to golimumab occurred in 9.6% of @entity0 through week256. Infections were the most common type of AE; 204/616 @entity0 (33.1%) had >= 1 serious AE. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical efficacy with golimumab treatment was maintained through week256 of the GO-BEFORE trial of @entity3 -na  ve @entity1 @entity0 . No unexpected AEs occurred; safety results through 5 years are consistent with earlier reports. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous golimumab in @entity2 -na  ve XXXX with @entity1 : 5-year results of the GO-BEFORE trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Surveillance of @entity0 identified with small @entity2 ( @entity2 ) from an @entity2 screening program poses a challenge for health systems because of numerous @entity0 follow-ups. This study evaluates the surveillance outcomes of @entity0 identified with small @entity2 from a large screening program. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of all @entity0 screened for small @entity2 (3.0-5.4  cm) from 2007 to 2011 was conducted. @entity0 with small @entity2 and no previous history of repair were tracked for follow-up using the 2013 RESCAN follow-up guidelines according to aortic diameter (3.0-3.9  cm, 3  years; 4.0-4.4  cm, 2  years; 4.5-5.4  cm, 1  year). Socioeconomic factors that may influence the follow-up rate and all-cause mortality after screening, including marital status, distance to hospital from residence, estimated household income, and @entity1 status, were also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 568 @entity0 (mean     standard deviation, 73.4     7.2  years old) with small @entity2 (3.6     0.6  cm) were analyzed. @entity0 follow-up rate was 65.1% (n  = 370 of 568). Reasons for follow-up failure were lack of the physician's ordering a scan (n  = 139; 70.2%), delayed ordering of scans (n  = 36; 18.2%), @entity0 no-show (n  = 18; 9.1%), or @entity0 death before follow-up (n  = 5; 2.5%). Of all @entity0 -specific factors, @entity0 with smaller diameters were unlikely to achieve follow-up scans (P  < .001). A significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality was found for @entity0 with no ultrasound follow-up scan (hazard ratio [HR], 0.369; P  < .001), assisted living (HR, 0.381; P  < .001), older age (HR,  1.04; P  = .001), and lower household incomes (HR, 0.989; P  = .01). CONCLUSIONS: The follow-up rate of @entity0 with small @entity2 was poor at 65.1%. The data indicate that socioeconomic factors do not significantly affect follow-up success. Therefore, physician ordering of scans may exert the greatest influence on follow-up rates in @entity0 with small @entity2 . Automatic ordering of follow-up scans for @entity0 with small AAAs is proposed to improve follow-up rates.

title: Surveillance outcomes of small XXXX identified from a large screening program.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The healing of a wound or blood cell regeneration following a @entity1 illustrates the existence of strong homeostatic mechanisms. The numbers of cells are maintained constant through a powerful control system of cell proliferation in the skin and bone marrow. For example, the control mechanisms were not understood at the beginning of the century and the first evidence of a humoral factor was reported in 1905 by P. Carnot and Deflandre. They found that after bleeding a @entity0 , there was in its serum 24 hours later some factor which stimulated red cell production in normal @entity0 . They called it hemopoietin, but it was later called @entity3 . During the past decades, abscopal effects strongly supported the role of humoral factors. Further progress has been made. The first was the description of the growth factor cell receptor system by S. Cohen and R. Levy-Montalcini. This system which was initially described for skin is also valid for hemopoiesis and lymphopoiesis. Another major progress was the concept of hemopoietic stem cells. The first control mechanisms which regulate proliferation and differentiation in @entity2 tissue were elucidated less than 25 years ago. Enormous progress has since been made to enable the purification and identification of several growth and inhibitory factors which already have their place in daily clinical practice. Their clinical role will continue to grow and a better understanding of these mechanisms will make a fundamental contribution to cellular biology.

title: [Mechanisms of increasing the proliferation of XXXX cells. Growth factors and inhibitors. Historical perspectives].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the level of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) during oral hygiene and peri-implant clinical variables between @entity0 presenting implant sites with a band >= 2  mm and <2  mm of keratinized mucosa (KM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participating @entity0 were recruited during routine maintenance follow-up visits from January to October 2013. Based on the presence of KM, @entity0 were allocated into two groups: implant sites with >= 2  mm of KM (Wide Group); and implant sites with <2  mm of KM (Narrow Group). @entity0 were clinically assessed, and plaque index (PI), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), clinical attachment level (CAL), and @entity1 on probing (BoP) data were collected from three sites at the buccal aspect of each implant. Subsequently, @entity0 received standardized oral hygiene instructions and cleaning devices and were asked to clean around the experimental implant sites. All @entity0 reported on the level of @entity3 using the visual analog scale (VAS). Non-paired Student's t-test, Wilcoxon's signed-rank test, and chi-square tests were performed to analyze the outcome variables (P  <  0.05). RESULTS: Eighty @entity0 with a total of 270 implant sites were included. Implant sites in the Narrow Group exhibited higher levels of @entity3 (P  <  0.001), PI (P  =  0.0021), and BoP (P  =  0.017) than implant sites in the Wide Group. CONCLUSION: Implant sites with a band of <2  mm of KM were shown to be more prone to @entity3 , plaque accumulation, and peri-implant soft tissue inflammation when compared to implant sites with >= 2  mm of KM.

title: The influence of peri-implant keratinized mucosa on XXXX and peri-implant tissue health.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of superparamagnetic @entity3 -short hairpin RNA (SPIO-ShRNA) dual functional molecular probes of different concentrations on morphology and biological behavior of @entity0 SKOV3 cells in vitro. METHODS: The dual functional molecular probes at an @entity1 concentration of 5, 15, 30, 45, 75, and 100 mg/L were transfected into SKOV3 cells. The transfection rate of the probe was observed by fluorescence microscope. The distribution and content of @entity1 particles in SKOV3 cells were determined by Prussian blue staining, atomic adsorption spectrometer and electron microscopy. Cell viability was observed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8).The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of protein within the cells was detected by Western blot. The changes of the signal intensity were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS: The SPIO-ShRNA dual functional molecular probe was uptaken in aconcentration-dependence manner within a certain range (5-30 mg/L). When the concentration of the probe was 45 mg/L, the labeling rate of the cell was close to 100%; With the increase of the concentration of probe, the cell survival rate decreased gradually. The cell survival rate of each experimental group were 94.626%  1.050%, 93.373%  1.180%, 91.700%  3.122%, 75.100%  4.362%, 72.983%  3.233%, 71.010%  2.910%,5, 15, 30 mg/L cell survival rate was not significantly decreased, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.226, P=0.068, P=0.475); When the concentration of the probe was greater than or equal to 45 mg/L,the survival rate decreased obviously (P<0.001); Group of 45 mg/L protein expression rate was 68.905%  3.510%, When the concentration of the probe was greater than or equal to 45 mg/L, the inhibition rate of the protein expression level of @entity2 was obviously higher than those of 5, 15, and 30 mg/L groups, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001, P=0.001, P=0.003, all P<0.01); the MRI displayed that the signal intensity was decreased with increasing concentrations of the probe. The signal intensity of 45 mg/L group was 165.55  4.92, compared with the blank control group(same volume of @entity4 buffer saline), normal group (unlabeled @entity0 SKOV3 cells), 5, 15, and 30 mg/L groups , the signal intensity of 45 mg/L group decreased significantly (all P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The dual functional molecular probe can effectively transfect and specifically inhibit the expression of SKOV3 cell lines at the @entity1 concentration of 45 mg/L, and can also be detected by MRI. The role of diagnosis and treatment of the dual functional molecular probe has been initially confirmed.

title: [Optimal concentration of superparamagnetic @entity3 -short hairpin RNA dual functional molecular probe transfected into XXXX cells in vitro].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of superparamagnetic @entity3 -short hairpin RNA (SPIO-ShRNA) dual functional molecular probes of different concentrations on morphology and biological behavior of @entity0 SKOV3 cells in vitro. METHODS: The dual functional molecular probes at an @entity1 concentration of 5, 15, 30, 45, 75, and 100 mg/L were transfected into SKOV3 cells. The transfection rate of the probe was observed by fluorescence microscope. The distribution and content of @entity1 particles in SKOV3 cells were determined by Prussian blue staining, atomic adsorption spectrometer and electron microscopy. Cell viability was observed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8).The apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of protein within the cells was detected by Western blot. The changes of the signal intensity were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS: The SPIO-ShRNA dual functional molecular probe was uptaken in aconcentration-dependence manner within a certain range (5-30 mg/L). When the concentration of the probe was 45 mg/L, the labeling rate of the cell was close to 100%; With the increase of the concentration of probe, the cell survival rate decreased gradually. The cell survival rate of each experimental group were 94.626%  1.050%, 93.373%  1.180%, 91.700%  3.122%, 75.100%  4.362%, 72.983%  3.233%, 71.010%  2.910%,5, 15, 30 mg/L cell survival rate was not significantly decreased, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.226, P=0.068, P=0.475); When the concentration of the probe was greater than or equal to 45 mg/L,the survival rate decreased obviously (P<0.001); Group of 45 mg/L protein expression rate was 68.905%  3.510%, When the concentration of the probe was greater than or equal to 45 mg/L, the inhibition rate of the protein expression level of @entity2 was obviously higher than those of 5, 15, and 30 mg/L groups, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001, P=0.001, P=0.003, all P<0.01); the MRI displayed that the signal intensity was decreased with increasing concentrations of the probe. The signal intensity of 45 mg/L group was 165.55  4.92, compared with the blank control group(same volume of @entity4 buffer saline), normal group (unlabeled @entity0 SKOV3 cells), 5, 15, and 30 mg/L groups , the signal intensity of 45 mg/L group decreased significantly (all P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The dual functional molecular probe can effectively transfect and specifically inhibit the expression of SKOV3 cell lines at the @entity1 concentration of 45 mg/L, and can also be detected by MRI. The role of diagnosis and treatment of the dual functional molecular probe has been initially confirmed.

title: [Optimal concentration of superparamagnetic XXXX -short hairpin RNA dual functional molecular probe transfected into @entity0 cells in vitro].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The impact of @entity5 drug uptake transporters in drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is increasingly recognized. @entity7 and @entity8 are @entity0 hepatic uptake transporters that can mediate liver uptake of a wide variety of drugs. Recently, we generated @entity1 with liver-specific expression of @entity0 @entity7 or @entity8 in a @entity1 Oatp1a/1b knockout background. Here, we investigated the applicability of these @entity1 in @entity5 -mediated drug-drug interaction studies using the prototypic @entity5 inhibitor @entity3 and a good @entity5 substrate, the anticancer drug @entity4 ( @entity6 ). We next assessed the possibility of @entity5 -mediated interactions between @entity9 and @entity6 , a clinically relevant drug combination. Using HEK293 cells overexpressing @entity7 or @entity8 , we estimated IC50 values for both @entity3 (0.9 or 0.3  M) and @entity9 (6.7 or 7.9  M) in inhibiting @entity5 -mediated @entity6 uptake in vitro. Using wild-type, Oatp1a/1b-/-, and @entity7 - or @entity8 -humanized @entity1 , we found that @entity3 inhibits hepatic uptake of @entity6 mediated by the @entity1 Oatp1a/1b and @entity0 @entity7 and @entity8 transporters at clinically relevant concentrations. This highlights the applicability of these @entity1 models for DDI studies and may be exploited in the clinic to reduce the dose and thus @entity4 -mediated @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity9 inhibited only @entity0 @entity7 -mediated hepatic uptake of @entity6 at concentrations higher than those used in the clinic; therefore risks for @entity5 -mediated clinical DDIs for this drug combination are likely to be low. Overall, we show here that @entity7 - and @entity8 -humanized @entity1 can be used as in vivo tools to assess and possibly predict clinically relevant DDIs.

title: Preclinical @entity1 Models To Study @entity0 XXXX - and @entity8 -Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions in Vivo.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The impact of @entity5 drug uptake transporters in drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is increasingly recognized. @entity7 and @entity8 are @entity0 hepatic uptake transporters that can mediate liver uptake of a wide variety of drugs. Recently, we generated @entity1 with liver-specific expression of @entity0 @entity7 or @entity8 in a @entity1 Oatp1a/1b knockout background. Here, we investigated the applicability of these @entity1 in @entity5 -mediated drug-drug interaction studies using the prototypic @entity5 inhibitor @entity3 and a good @entity5 substrate, the anticancer drug @entity4 ( @entity6 ). We next assessed the possibility of @entity5 -mediated interactions between @entity9 and @entity6 , a clinically relevant drug combination. Using HEK293 cells overexpressing @entity7 or @entity8 , we estimated IC50 values for both @entity3 (0.9 or 0.3  M) and @entity9 (6.7 or 7.9  M) in inhibiting @entity5 -mediated @entity6 uptake in vitro. Using wild-type, Oatp1a/1b-/-, and @entity7 - or @entity8 -humanized @entity1 , we found that @entity3 inhibits hepatic uptake of @entity6 mediated by the @entity1 Oatp1a/1b and @entity0 @entity7 and @entity8 transporters at clinically relevant concentrations. This highlights the applicability of these @entity1 models for DDI studies and may be exploited in the clinic to reduce the dose and thus @entity4 -mediated @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity9 inhibited only @entity0 @entity7 -mediated hepatic uptake of @entity6 at concentrations higher than those used in the clinic; therefore risks for @entity5 -mediated clinical DDIs for this drug combination are likely to be low. Overall, we show here that @entity7 - and @entity8 -humanized @entity1 can be used as in vivo tools to assess and possibly predict clinically relevant DDIs.

title: Preclinical @entity1 Models To Study @entity0 @entity7 - and XXXX -Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions in Vivo.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The impact of @entity5 drug uptake transporters in drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is increasingly recognized. @entity7 and @entity8 are @entity0 hepatic uptake transporters that can mediate liver uptake of a wide variety of drugs. Recently, we generated @entity1 with liver-specific expression of @entity0 @entity7 or @entity8 in a @entity1 Oatp1a/1b knockout background. Here, we investigated the applicability of these @entity1 in @entity5 -mediated drug-drug interaction studies using the prototypic @entity5 inhibitor @entity3 and a good @entity5 substrate, the anticancer drug @entity4 ( @entity6 ). We next assessed the possibility of @entity5 -mediated interactions between @entity9 and @entity6 , a clinically relevant drug combination. Using HEK293 cells overexpressing @entity7 or @entity8 , we estimated IC50 values for both @entity3 (0.9 or 0.3  M) and @entity9 (6.7 or 7.9  M) in inhibiting @entity5 -mediated @entity6 uptake in vitro. Using wild-type, Oatp1a/1b-/-, and @entity7 - or @entity8 -humanized @entity1 , we found that @entity3 inhibits hepatic uptake of @entity6 mediated by the @entity1 Oatp1a/1b and @entity0 @entity7 and @entity8 transporters at clinically relevant concentrations. This highlights the applicability of these @entity1 models for DDI studies and may be exploited in the clinic to reduce the dose and thus @entity4 -mediated @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity9 inhibited only @entity0 @entity7 -mediated hepatic uptake of @entity6 at concentrations higher than those used in the clinic; therefore risks for @entity5 -mediated clinical DDIs for this drug combination are likely to be low. Overall, we show here that @entity7 - and @entity8 -humanized @entity1 can be used as in vivo tools to assess and possibly predict clinically relevant DDIs.

title: Preclinical XXXX Models To Study @entity0 @entity7 - and @entity8 -Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions in Vivo.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The impact of @entity5 drug uptake transporters in drug-drug interactions (DDIs) is increasingly recognized. @entity7 and @entity8 are @entity0 hepatic uptake transporters that can mediate liver uptake of a wide variety of drugs. Recently, we generated @entity1 with liver-specific expression of @entity0 @entity7 or @entity8 in a @entity1 Oatp1a/1b knockout background. Here, we investigated the applicability of these @entity1 in @entity5 -mediated drug-drug interaction studies using the prototypic @entity5 inhibitor @entity3 and a good @entity5 substrate, the anticancer drug @entity4 ( @entity6 ). We next assessed the possibility of @entity5 -mediated interactions between @entity9 and @entity6 , a clinically relevant drug combination. Using HEK293 cells overexpressing @entity7 or @entity8 , we estimated IC50 values for both @entity3 (0.9 or 0.3  M) and @entity9 (6.7 or 7.9  M) in inhibiting @entity5 -mediated @entity6 uptake in vitro. Using wild-type, Oatp1a/1b-/-, and @entity7 - or @entity8 -humanized @entity1 , we found that @entity3 inhibits hepatic uptake of @entity6 mediated by the @entity1 Oatp1a/1b and @entity0 @entity7 and @entity8 transporters at clinically relevant concentrations. This highlights the applicability of these @entity1 models for DDI studies and may be exploited in the clinic to reduce the dose and thus @entity4 -mediated @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity9 inhibited only @entity0 @entity7 -mediated hepatic uptake of @entity6 at concentrations higher than those used in the clinic; therefore risks for @entity5 -mediated clinical DDIs for this drug combination are likely to be low. Overall, we show here that @entity7 - and @entity8 -humanized @entity1 can be used as in vivo tools to assess and possibly predict clinically relevant DDIs.

title: Preclinical @entity1 Models To Study XXXX @entity7 - and @entity8 -Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions in Vivo.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is the second leading cause of @entity2 in @entity0 , second only to @entity1 , mainly due to disease reoccurrence as a result to lack of response to @entity4 deprivation therapies (ADT) after castration. @entity0 with metastatic castration-resistant @entity3 (mCRPC) have very limited treatment options, with @entity5 as the first-line standard of care, for which resistance to this chemotherapeutic ultimately develops. Therefore, finding ways to sensitize @entity2 to chemotherapies and to limit chemoresistance provides a viable strategy to extend the survival of mCRPC @entity0 . This study investigated the role of @entity6 ( @entity6 /K2), a member of the Kindlin family of FERM domain proteins and key regulators of the adhesive functions mediated by integrin, in the sensitization of mCRPC to chemotherapeutics. Loss of K2, which is overexpressed in @entity3 cells derived from mCRPC @entity2 , compared with those cells derived from @entity4 -dependent @entity2 , significantly enhanced apoptosis and cell death of @entity5 -treated PC3 cells. Furthermore, it was determined that K2-mediated sensitization to @entity5 treatment is the result of inhibition of b1-integrin signaling. Finally, miR-138 specifically targeted K2 and inhibited its expression, thereby regulating a miR-138/K2/b1-integrin signaling axis in mCRPC that is critical for the modulation of sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. Thus, these data identify a novel signaling axis where K2 in combination with chemotherapeutics provides a new target for the treatment of mCRPC. IMPLICATIONS: Targeted inhibition of @entity6 in combination with chemotherapy represents an effective treatment option for mCRPC. Mol Cancer Res; 14(2); 1-11.   2015 AACR.

title: miR-138-Mediated Regulation of XXXX Expression Modulates Sensitivity to Chemotherapeutics.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The SNF1 protein kinase is required for the regulatory response to @entity1 starvation in @entity0 . SNF1 is a protein @entity3 / @entity4 kinase that has been widely conserved in both plants and mammals. Previously, we identified @entity6 and @entity7 as proteins that interact with SNF1 in vivo by the two-hybrid system. We have cloned the @entity7 gene and the encoded protein is homologous to @entity6 and to @entity5 , which affects @entity1 repression of the GAL genes. We show that @entity7 and @entity5 , like @entity6 , co-immunoprecipitate with SNF1 and are phosphorylated in vitro. An 80 @entity2 sequence, designated the ASC domain, is highly conserved at the C-termini of all three proteins. We show that this small domain can mediate protein-protein interaction with the SNF1 kinase complex. Thus, @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity5 define a family of homologous proteins that are tightly associated with the SNF1 kinase, probably in alternative forms of the complex. Genetic evidence suggests that the three proteins have distinct, but related, functions in the SNF1 pathway, and deletion of @entity5 dramatically reduces SNF1 activity in immune complex assays. We propose that @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity5 act as adaptors that promote the activity of SNF1 towards specific targets.

title: A family of proteins containing a conserved domain that mediates interaction with the XXXX SNF1 protein kinase complex.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine time trends and geographical variations in the incidence of major amputation for peripheral @entity1 and whether lower rates of amputation were related to higher rates of arterial reconstruction. DESIGN: Analysis of Scottish hospital discharge data. SETTING: Scotland 1981-1990. MATERIALS: @entity0 undergoing major amputation or arterial reconstruction for peripheral @entity1 . CHIEF OUTCOME MEASURES: Time trends in age-sex standardised rates of major amputation and arterial reconstruction, and correlation between the rates of these operations by health board. MAIN RESULTS: In Scotland, between 1981 and 1990, the incidence of major amputation fell by 22% (p < 0.001). Inconsistencies were observed within different age-sex groups. In the population under 65 years of age the incidence of amputation fell by 45% (p < 0.001), whereas in those over 65 years the incidence increased by 54% (p < 0.001). Amputation rates fell in @entity0 but a paradoxical increase was observed in @entity0 . Between 1981 and 1990, rates of arterial reconstruction doubled (p < 0.001), with an increase in all age-sex groups. Rates of amputation and reconstruction varied between health boards of residence, with a positive correlation (r = 0.5) between rates of operations within health board. Therefore areas with higher reconstruction rates tended to have higher amputation rates. CONCLUSIONS: In Scotland, the incidence of amputation has fallen during a period when reconstruction rates have risen greatly. However inconsistencies in time trends by age-sex groups, and the lack of an inverse correlation by health board of residence, suggest that fewer amputations are unlikely to be due solely to an increase in reconstructive surgery.

title: Declining incidence of amputation for XXXX in Scotland.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Well-characterized aliquots of adult porcine and @entity3 islets of comparable beta-cell mass were transplanted under the kidney capsule of @entity6 -induced @entity1 @entity2 . In both porcine and @entity3 islet grafts, beta-cell mass decreased significantly in the first 2 months and stabilized thereafter. As with beta-cell mass, insulin content decreased significantly in the first 2 months to almost 40% of that originally implanted. In porcine grafts, however, insulin content at 4 months was significantly higher than at 2 months. The endocrine non-beta-cell mass of grafts also decreased significantly after transplantation: in porcine grafts, the decrease was less than in @entity3 and was limited to the first 2 months. beta-cell replication of engrafted islets was significantly lower in porcine than in @entity3 grafts. Although beta-cell mass of porcine and @entity3 grafts was similar at all time periods, recipients of porcine islets required a significantly longer time to reach normal @entity5 levels; nonetheless, their blood @entity5 levels continued to decrease and stabilized at levels significantly lower than those of normal @entity2 . During oral and intraperitoneal @entity5 tolerance tests, blood @entity5 increased only slightly in both the recipients of porcine and @entity3 grafts. When graft-bearing kidneys were perfused in situ, porcine islet grafts showed a 20-fold increase in insulin release in response to both @entity5 and @entity4 . In conclusion, this evidence that adult porcine islet grafts can bring @entity5 levels to those that are normal for @entity0 provides further support of their potential for @entity0 islet replacement therapy.

title: Function, mass, and replication of porcine and XXXX islets transplanted into @entity1 @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Well-characterized aliquots of adult porcine and @entity3 islets of comparable beta-cell mass were transplanted under the kidney capsule of @entity6 -induced @entity1 @entity2 . In both porcine and @entity3 islet grafts, beta-cell mass decreased significantly in the first 2 months and stabilized thereafter. As with beta-cell mass, insulin content decreased significantly in the first 2 months to almost 40% of that originally implanted. In porcine grafts, however, insulin content at 4 months was significantly higher than at 2 months. The endocrine non-beta-cell mass of grafts also decreased significantly after transplantation: in porcine grafts, the decrease was less than in @entity3 and was limited to the first 2 months. beta-cell replication of engrafted islets was significantly lower in porcine than in @entity3 grafts. Although beta-cell mass of porcine and @entity3 grafts was similar at all time periods, recipients of porcine islets required a significantly longer time to reach normal @entity5 levels; nonetheless, their blood @entity5 levels continued to decrease and stabilized at levels significantly lower than those of normal @entity2 . During oral and intraperitoneal @entity5 tolerance tests, blood @entity5 increased only slightly in both the recipients of porcine and @entity3 grafts. When graft-bearing kidneys were perfused in situ, porcine islet grafts showed a 20-fold increase in insulin release in response to both @entity5 and @entity4 . In conclusion, this evidence that adult porcine islet grafts can bring @entity5 levels to those that are normal for @entity0 provides further support of their potential for @entity0 islet replacement therapy.

title: Function, mass, and replication of porcine and @entity3 islets transplanted into XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Well-characterized aliquots of adult porcine and @entity3 islets of comparable beta-cell mass were transplanted under the kidney capsule of @entity6 -induced @entity1 @entity2 . In both porcine and @entity3 islet grafts, beta-cell mass decreased significantly in the first 2 months and stabilized thereafter. As with beta-cell mass, insulin content decreased significantly in the first 2 months to almost 40% of that originally implanted. In porcine grafts, however, insulin content at 4 months was significantly higher than at 2 months. The endocrine non-beta-cell mass of grafts also decreased significantly after transplantation: in porcine grafts, the decrease was less than in @entity3 and was limited to the first 2 months. beta-cell replication of engrafted islets was significantly lower in porcine than in @entity3 grafts. Although beta-cell mass of porcine and @entity3 grafts was similar at all time periods, recipients of porcine islets required a significantly longer time to reach normal @entity5 levels; nonetheless, their blood @entity5 levels continued to decrease and stabilized at levels significantly lower than those of normal @entity2 . During oral and intraperitoneal @entity5 tolerance tests, blood @entity5 increased only slightly in both the recipients of porcine and @entity3 grafts. When graft-bearing kidneys were perfused in situ, porcine islet grafts showed a 20-fold increase in insulin release in response to both @entity5 and @entity4 . In conclusion, this evidence that adult porcine islet grafts can bring @entity5 levels to those that are normal for @entity0 provides further support of their potential for @entity0 islet replacement therapy.

title: Function, mass, and replication of porcine and @entity3 islets transplanted into @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 is a disorder caused by localized collections of proliferating histiocytes in the lung. Little is known about its etiology except that the majority (58 to 97%) of @entity0 are current or ex-smokers, making the potential etiologic role of @entity2 products an important area for research. @entity2 glycoprotein (TGP) is a potent immunostimulator that has been isolated from cigarette smoke. TGP-specific lymphocyte proliferation, and cytokine production in vitro, were measured in three @entity0 with @entity6 in remission and in three closely matched normal subjects with similar smoking histories. One @entity0 with @entity1 and a matched control subject were also studied. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with TGP, the recall antigen streptokinase (SK), and the mitogen concanavalin A (Con A). All three of the @entity0 with @entity6 exhibited significant decreases in lymphocyte stimulation to TGP, despite normal responses to SK and Con A. In contrast, the response of the @entity0 with @entity1 was higher than her matched control. The mean responses of the @entity0 with @entity6 to TGP was significantly lower than the mean of nondiseased smokers or of normal nonsmokers. Twenty-four-hour culture supernatants were collected and assayed for cytokine levels ( @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity3 ). TGP-stimulated @entity5 production was significantly lower in the @entity0 with @entity6 than in the normal subjects, confirming the reduced T-cell proliferative response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Decreased @entity2 -glycoprotein-induced lymphocyte proliferation in vitro in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity6 is a disorder caused by localized collections of proliferating histiocytes in the lung. Little is known about its etiology except that the majority (58 to 97%) of @entity0 are current or ex-smokers, making the potential etiologic role of @entity2 products an important area for research. @entity2 glycoprotein (TGP) is a potent immunostimulator that has been isolated from cigarette smoke. TGP-specific lymphocyte proliferation, and cytokine production in vitro, were measured in three @entity0 with @entity6 in remission and in three closely matched normal subjects with similar smoking histories. One @entity0 with @entity1 and a matched control subject were also studied. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with TGP, the recall antigen streptokinase (SK), and the mitogen concanavalin A (Con A). All three of the @entity0 with @entity6 exhibited significant decreases in lymphocyte stimulation to TGP, despite normal responses to SK and Con A. In contrast, the response of the @entity0 with @entity1 was higher than her matched control. The mean responses of the @entity0 with @entity6 to TGP was significantly lower than the mean of nondiseased smokers or of normal nonsmokers. Twenty-four-hour culture supernatants were collected and assayed for cytokine levels ( @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity3 ). TGP-stimulated @entity5 production was significantly lower in the @entity0 with @entity6 than in the normal subjects, confirming the reduced T-cell proliferative response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Decreased XXXX -glycoprotein-induced lymphocyte proliferation in vitro in @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In @entity0 , respiratory viral infections lead to increased airway responsiveness and exacerbations of @entity3 . In the present study, the role of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and @entity1 was examined in @entity4 . In animals treated with control antibody, @entity8 -3 virus significantly potentiated (219%) the @entity2 -induced increase in lung resistance compared with vehicle treatment. In addition, @entity6 significantly increased (130 to 450%) the responsiveness of isolated tracheal segments to @entity2 in animals treated with control antibody. In @entity4 treated with control antibody, the numbers of eosinophils (226%), neutrophils (1,380%), and monocytes (626%) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly increased after @entity6 . The level of major basic protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was not altered after @entity6 . In addition, electron microscopic examination of eosinophils in airway tissue and alveolar lumen did not point to @entity6 . In @entity4 treated with antibody to @entity7 the virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to @entity2 both in vivo and in vitro was almost completely inhibited. In @entity4 treated with anti- @entity7 , @entity6 significantly increased the numbers of eosinophils (234%), neutrophils (1,255%), and monocytes (617%) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These data suggest that @entity7 plays an important role in airway hyperresponsiveness to @entity2 but not in the infiltration of eosinophils after @entity5 .

title: Antibody to XXXX inhibits virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to @entity2 in @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: In @entity0 , respiratory viral infections lead to increased airway responsiveness and exacerbations of @entity3 . In the present study, the role of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and @entity1 was examined in @entity4 . In animals treated with control antibody, @entity8 -3 virus significantly potentiated (219%) the @entity2 -induced increase in lung resistance compared with vehicle treatment. In addition, @entity6 significantly increased (130 to 450%) the responsiveness of isolated tracheal segments to @entity2 in animals treated with control antibody. In @entity4 treated with control antibody, the numbers of eosinophils (226%), neutrophils (1,380%), and monocytes (626%) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly increased after @entity6 . The level of major basic protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was not altered after @entity6 . In addition, electron microscopic examination of eosinophils in airway tissue and alveolar lumen did not point to @entity6 . In @entity4 treated with antibody to @entity7 the virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to @entity2 both in vivo and in vitro was almost completely inhibited. In @entity4 treated with anti- @entity7 , @entity6 significantly increased the numbers of eosinophils (234%), neutrophils (1,255%), and monocytes (617%) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These data suggest that @entity7 plays an important role in airway hyperresponsiveness to @entity2 but not in the infiltration of eosinophils after @entity5 .

title: Antibody to @entity7 inhibits virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to XXXX in @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In @entity0 , respiratory viral infections lead to increased airway responsiveness and exacerbations of @entity3 . In the present study, the role of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and @entity1 was examined in @entity4 . In animals treated with control antibody, @entity8 -3 virus significantly potentiated (219%) the @entity2 -induced increase in lung resistance compared with vehicle treatment. In addition, @entity6 significantly increased (130 to 450%) the responsiveness of isolated tracheal segments to @entity2 in animals treated with control antibody. In @entity4 treated with control antibody, the numbers of eosinophils (226%), neutrophils (1,380%), and monocytes (626%) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly increased after @entity6 . The level of major basic protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was not altered after @entity6 . In addition, electron microscopic examination of eosinophils in airway tissue and alveolar lumen did not point to @entity6 . In @entity4 treated with antibody to @entity7 the virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to @entity2 both in vivo and in vitro was almost completely inhibited. In @entity4 treated with anti- @entity7 , @entity6 significantly increased the numbers of eosinophils (234%), neutrophils (1,255%), and monocytes (617%) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These data suggest that @entity7 plays an important role in airway hyperresponsiveness to @entity2 but not in the infiltration of eosinophils after @entity5 .

title: Antibody to @entity7 inhibits virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness to @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: A novel non-ras 21-kDa protein ( @entity6 ) was detected in sera of @entity1 @entity0 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using polyclonal anti- @entity6 antibodies. While only 4.6% of the healthy donors (n = 43) showed @entity6 serum levels higher than the mean +/- 2 SD of the normal group, 33 to 80% of the @entity1 @entity0 (n = 94) with @entity1 were positive in the ELISA test. In particular, @entity0 with @entity2 , urogenital, and @entity5 had a 2.8- to ninefold increase in @entity6 serum levels. Elevated serum levels were also found in @entity0 with @entity3 (3.2-fold increase). In 17 out of 22 @entity0 with @entity1 , changes in serum @entity6 levels correlated with the clinical course of the disease. In 15 @entity0 , a favorable response to therapy was correlated with a decline in serum @entity6 level. Two @entity0 with @entity4 showed increased or persistently high levels of @entity6 after surgery and were subsequently found to have distant metastases. Expression of @entity6 in ten @entity4 tissues was determined by Western blotting. There was a trend toward a higher content of @entity6 in the less-differentiated @entity1 tissues. In conclusion, @entity6 may be a useful indicator in monitoring the outcome of treatment in @entity0 with various @entity1 . In @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity6 serum levels may be of particular importance because no other @entity1 marker is available.

title: Increased levels of a 21-kDa protein in the circulation of XXXX -bearing @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A novel non-ras 21-kDa protein ( @entity6 ) was detected in sera of @entity1 @entity0 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using polyclonal anti- @entity6 antibodies. While only 4.6% of the healthy donors (n = 43) showed @entity6 serum levels higher than the mean +/- 2 SD of the normal group, 33 to 80% of the @entity1 @entity0 (n = 94) with @entity1 were positive in the ELISA test. In particular, @entity0 with @entity2 , urogenital, and @entity5 had a 2.8- to ninefold increase in @entity6 serum levels. Elevated serum levels were also found in @entity0 with @entity3 (3.2-fold increase). In 17 out of 22 @entity0 with @entity1 , changes in serum @entity6 levels correlated with the clinical course of the disease. In 15 @entity0 , a favorable response to therapy was correlated with a decline in serum @entity6 level. Two @entity0 with @entity4 showed increased or persistently high levels of @entity6 after surgery and were subsequently found to have distant metastases. Expression of @entity6 in ten @entity4 tissues was determined by Western blotting. There was a trend toward a higher content of @entity6 in the less-differentiated @entity1 tissues. In conclusion, @entity6 may be a useful indicator in monitoring the outcome of treatment in @entity0 with various @entity1 . In @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity6 serum levels may be of particular importance because no other @entity1 marker is available.

title: Increased levels of a 21-kDa protein in the circulation of @entity1 -bearing XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Oncogenesis in @entity1 is at present a model, most adequately reflecting the natural conditions of @entity0 development. One of more important traits of this model is that it allows to study malignant growth simultaneously at all the structure-function levels in the context of the whole organism. This paper is a review of results of a series of experiments in which the localization of @entity0 was dependent or independent on the tissue specificity of a promoter, as well as development of @entity0 with the use of viral regulatory sequences in genetic constructions. It has been shown that although a transgene is expressed in most of the tissues, @entity0 develop in some particular tissues only. These observations are interpreted by some authors in favour of the concept of multistep cancerogenesis. In this view, of primary importance are the results of studies on oncogenesis in @entity1 , which contradict this concept and are regarded by their authors as an evidence of the possibility of a one-step transformation of normal cell into malignant one. The analysis of the obtained material enabled us to put forward an assumption that the key role in oncogenesis is played not only by certain genetic disturbances, but also by multi-level homeostatic mechanisms. Apparently, it is just the @entity1 with cellular or viral oncogenes in their genome that represent a more adequate model for the detection of certain molecular-biological mechanisms underlying these disturbances. Also, of much importance is abundant material accumulated by now on oncogenesis of @entity1 which shows a possibility of the effective use of various genetic constructions with prokaryotic and eukaryotic regulatory sequences, a possibility to induce not only @entity0 of some particular tissues, but also multiple hyperplastic and neoplastic changes in one and the same @entity1 . Development of @entity0 in such @entity1 can be regarded as a model of different types of @entity0 .

title: [Oncogenesis in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT @entity7 (CMs) are a source of @entity1 from @entity4 and focal @entity2 due to mass effect and @entity5 . Although several natural history reports exist for adults with CMs, similar data for pediatric @entity0 are limited. METHODS The authors reviewed hospital databases to identify @entity0 with CMs who had not been treated surgically and who had clinical and radiological follow-up. @entity5 rates were calculated in lesion-years, and risk factors were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS In a cohort of 167 @entity0 with 222 CMs, the mean @entity0 age at the time of diagnosis was 10.1 years old (SD 6.0). Ninety @entity0 (54%) were male. One hundred four @entity0 (62%) presented with @entity5 from at least 1 CM, 58 (35%) with @entity4 with or without @entity5 , and 43 (26%) with incidental lesions. Twenty-five @entity0 (15%) had multiple CMs, 17 (10%) had a family history of CMs, and 33 (20%) had radiologically apparent @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The overall annual @entity5 rate was 3.3%. Permanent @entity1 was 29% per @entity5 , increasing to 45% for brainstem, thalamic, or basal ganglia CM and decreasing to 15% for supratentorial lobar or @entity3 . The annual @entity5 rate for incidental CMs was 0.5%; for hemorrhagic CMs, it was 11.3%, increasing to 18.2% within the first 3 years. @entity5 clustering within 3 years was statistically significant (HR 6.1, 95% CI 1.72-21.7, p = 0.005). On multivariate analysis, hemorrhagic presentation (HR 4.63, 95% CI 1.53-14.1, p = 0.007), brainstem location (HR 4.42, 95% CI 1.57-12.4, p = 0.005), and an associated radiologically apparent DVA (HR 2.91, 95% CI 1.04-8.09, p = 0.04) emerged as significant risk factors for @entity5 , whereas age, sex, CM multiplicity, and CM family history did not. CONCLUSIONS Prior @entity5 , brainstem location, and associated @entity6 are significant risk factors for symptomatic @entity5 in @entity0 with CMs. @entity5 clustering within the first 3 years of a bleed can occur, a potentially important factor in @entity0 management and counseling.

title: The natural history of XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT @entity7 (CMs) are a source of @entity1 from @entity4 and focal @entity2 due to mass effect and @entity5 . Although several natural history reports exist for adults with CMs, similar data for pediatric @entity0 are limited. METHODS The authors reviewed hospital databases to identify @entity0 with CMs who had not been treated surgically and who had clinical and radiological follow-up. @entity5 rates were calculated in lesion-years, and risk factors were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS In a cohort of 167 @entity0 with 222 CMs, the mean @entity0 age at the time of diagnosis was 10.1 years old (SD 6.0). Ninety @entity0 (54%) were male. One hundred four @entity0 (62%) presented with @entity5 from at least 1 CM, 58 (35%) with @entity4 with or without @entity5 , and 43 (26%) with incidental lesions. Twenty-five @entity0 (15%) had multiple CMs, 17 (10%) had a family history of CMs, and 33 (20%) had radiologically apparent @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The overall annual @entity5 rate was 3.3%. Permanent @entity1 was 29% per @entity5 , increasing to 45% for brainstem, thalamic, or basal ganglia CM and decreasing to 15% for supratentorial lobar or @entity3 . The annual @entity5 rate for incidental CMs was 0.5%; for hemorrhagic CMs, it was 11.3%, increasing to 18.2% within the first 3 years. @entity5 clustering within 3 years was statistically significant (HR 6.1, 95% CI 1.72-21.7, p = 0.005). On multivariate analysis, hemorrhagic presentation (HR 4.63, 95% CI 1.53-14.1, p = 0.007), brainstem location (HR 4.42, 95% CI 1.57-12.4, p = 0.005), and an associated radiologically apparent DVA (HR 2.91, 95% CI 1.04-8.09, p = 0.04) emerged as significant risk factors for @entity5 , whereas age, sex, CM multiplicity, and CM family history did not. CONCLUSIONS Prior @entity5 , brainstem location, and associated @entity6 are significant risk factors for symptomatic @entity5 in @entity0 with CMs. @entity5 clustering within the first 3 years of a bleed can occur, a potentially important factor in @entity0 management and counseling.

title: The natural history of @entity7 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Since the introduction of embolic coils in the early 1990s, endovascular treatment has gained much traction for use when treating ruptured and unruptured @entity1 . Three prospective studies have been conducted comparing endovascular coil embolization versus clipping for ruptured @entity1 . The first study took place in Finland and was the first head-to-head look at treating @entity4 by either endovascular coiling or surgical clipping. Results from this study suggested better functional outcome after endovascular treatment than surgery at the expenses of higher rates of incomplete @entity2 . The second largest and only multicenter study was the International @entity3 Trial (ISAT). The ISAT took place across Europe and was the first large-scale comparison between endovascular and surgical treatments. The results from this study caused a major opinion shift across the world in regards to optimal treatment of @entity4 . Additionally, the quantity of data from this study allowed for many subgroup analyses to be made. However, to assess the generalizability of the ISAT study, the Barrow Neurological Institute investigators conducted a single-center study. The intent of this latter study was to remove any potential bias and preselection by enrolling every consenting @entity0 that presented with the designated pathology without any exclusion. However, this enrollment strategy resulted in a high percentage of @entity0 with @entity2 not suitable for endovascular therapy being assigned to the coil group which in turn resulted in a high rate of turn over from the endovascular to the surgical arm of the study. Despite, these limitations, this latter trial presented similar results as the Kuopio and ISAT. Although each of these trials was not methodologically flawless, the combined results from all three suggest that endovascular treatment of @entity4 suitable for this treatment strategy results in quicker recovery and better functional outcomes at one year at the expenses of lower rates of complete @entity2 frequently requiring retreatment.

title: Trials and tribulations: an evidence-based approach to XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severity of focal @entity1 (FAH) hitherto is estimated semiquantitatively by weighting the secreted sweat with the sweating area visualized by @entity2 starch test. In this study, we quantified secretion (mg/cm(2) per min) simply by estimating the sweating area morphometrically via point counting. We have named the numeric value obtained the @entity1 area and secretion index (HASI). METHODS: In 183 @entity0 (146 @entity0 , 37 @entity0 ) with focal @entity1 , seen in a city hospital outpatient clinic, sweat secretion was assessed by gravimetry and the area of Minor's @entity2 -starch test determined by point counting. Values were analyzed with respect to gender, age, and body surface area. RESULTS: HASI values, combined for both axillae, ranged from 0.21 to 22.8  mg/cm(2) per minute with only minor gender differences. @entity0 had larger sweating areas than @entity0 did. The comparison of left to right side axillae did not disclose substantial differences. No correlation was found between age and HASI values. A subgroup analysis of 91 @entity0 showed a good correlation of HASI values with body surface area. CONCLUSION: HASI allows for a quantification of sweat secretion per time interval and area unit, thus facilitating pre- and post-test assessment of sweat intensity as well as a comparison between the results of different studies.

title: Quantification of sweat secretion in focal XXXX related to area and time: the @entity1 area and secretion index.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severity of focal @entity1 (FAH) hitherto is estimated semiquantitatively by weighting the secreted sweat with the sweating area visualized by @entity2 starch test. In this study, we quantified secretion (mg/cm(2) per min) simply by estimating the sweating area morphometrically via point counting. We have named the numeric value obtained the @entity1 area and secretion index (HASI). METHODS: In 183 @entity0 (146 @entity0 , 37 @entity0 ) with focal @entity1 , seen in a city hospital outpatient clinic, sweat secretion was assessed by gravimetry and the area of Minor's @entity2 -starch test determined by point counting. Values were analyzed with respect to gender, age, and body surface area. RESULTS: HASI values, combined for both axillae, ranged from 0.21 to 22.8  mg/cm(2) per minute with only minor gender differences. @entity0 had larger sweating areas than @entity0 did. The comparison of left to right side axillae did not disclose substantial differences. No correlation was found between age and HASI values. A subgroup analysis of 91 @entity0 showed a good correlation of HASI values with body surface area. CONCLUSION: HASI allows for a quantification of sweat secretion per time interval and area unit, thus facilitating pre- and post-test assessment of sweat intensity as well as a comparison between the results of different studies.

title: Quantification of sweat secretion in focal @entity1 related to area and time: the XXXX area and secretion index.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This investigation was attempted to clarify the effects of dietary hyperlipidemic components and fish oil on concentration of lipids in liver and liver @entity3 profile of @entity0 . In a first experiment male @entity0 were maintained on a semipurified low-fat diet with 6.5% coconut oil and 1.5% safflower oil, but without added @entity1 , or a high-fat hyperlipidemic diet supplemented with 7.3% coconut oil, 7.3% beef tallow, 0.4% safflower oil, and 1.5% @entity1 for 28 days. @entity0 fed the hyperlipidemic diet were then switched to fish oil diets with 1.4%, 2.8%, and 5.6% fish oil in exchange for coconut oil and beef tallow for, respectively, 10 and 20 days. In a second experiment male @entity0 were fed low-fat or high-fat diets without or with 1.5% added @entity1 for 28 days. Half of each group was then changed to a fish oil diet (for 20 days) which contained 5.6% fish oil in exchange for coconut oil and beef tallow. In experiment 1, @entity0 fed the hyperlipidemic diet @entity2 within 28 days. Experiment 2 showed that @entity1 in the diet was responsible for the accumulating liver lipids. Feeding diets with added @entity1 , the proportions of @entity5 ( @entity9 ), especially 18:0, were markedly reduced in liver, whereas levels of @entity7 ( @entity8 ) were greatly increased compared to diets without added @entity1 . This increase was most pronounced with respect to 16:1 and 18:1. In contrast, fish oil diets lowered @entity8 level in liver in spite of its high @entity8 content. @entity0 fed the highly saturated hyperlipidemic diet low in 18:2 n-6 had reduced 18:2 n-6 levels in liver compared to @entity0 fed the low-fat diet without added @entity1 . Also, 20:4 n-6 level in liver was markedly reduced after the administration of the hyperlipidemic diet or the fish oil diets. Results of experiment 2 elucidate that @entity1 as well as fish oil sharply lowered 20:4 n-6 level in liver, which might be due to a reduced desaturation. In both experiments feeding fish oil increased all long-chain n-3 @entity4 ( @entity6 ) in liver. This occurred in a dose-dependent fashion and reached a maximum level with 5.6% fish oil in the diet. When additional @entity1 was applied 22:6 n-3 level in liver fell. This indicates also an impaired desaturation of @entity6 due to dietary @entity1 .

title: Effect of dietary hyperlipidemic components and fish oil on concentration of lipids in liver and liver XXXX profile of @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This investigation was attempted to clarify the effects of dietary hyperlipidemic components and fish oil on concentration of lipids in liver and liver @entity3 profile of @entity0 . In a first experiment male @entity0 were maintained on a semipurified low-fat diet with 6.5% coconut oil and 1.5% safflower oil, but without added @entity1 , or a high-fat hyperlipidemic diet supplemented with 7.3% coconut oil, 7.3% beef tallow, 0.4% safflower oil, and 1.5% @entity1 for 28 days. @entity0 fed the hyperlipidemic diet were then switched to fish oil diets with 1.4%, 2.8%, and 5.6% fish oil in exchange for coconut oil and beef tallow for, respectively, 10 and 20 days. In a second experiment male @entity0 were fed low-fat or high-fat diets without or with 1.5% added @entity1 for 28 days. Half of each group was then changed to a fish oil diet (for 20 days) which contained 5.6% fish oil in exchange for coconut oil and beef tallow. In experiment 1, @entity0 fed the hyperlipidemic diet @entity2 within 28 days. Experiment 2 showed that @entity1 in the diet was responsible for the accumulating liver lipids. Feeding diets with added @entity1 , the proportions of @entity5 ( @entity9 ), especially 18:0, were markedly reduced in liver, whereas levels of @entity7 ( @entity8 ) were greatly increased compared to diets without added @entity1 . This increase was most pronounced with respect to 16:1 and 18:1. In contrast, fish oil diets lowered @entity8 level in liver in spite of its high @entity8 content. @entity0 fed the highly saturated hyperlipidemic diet low in 18:2 n-6 had reduced 18:2 n-6 levels in liver compared to @entity0 fed the low-fat diet without added @entity1 . Also, 20:4 n-6 level in liver was markedly reduced after the administration of the hyperlipidemic diet or the fish oil diets. Results of experiment 2 elucidate that @entity1 as well as fish oil sharply lowered 20:4 n-6 level in liver, which might be due to a reduced desaturation. In both experiments feeding fish oil increased all long-chain n-3 @entity4 ( @entity6 ) in liver. This occurred in a dose-dependent fashion and reached a maximum level with 5.6% fish oil in the diet. When additional @entity1 was applied 22:6 n-3 level in liver fell. This indicates also an impaired desaturation of @entity6 due to dietary @entity1 .

title: Effect of dietary hyperlipidemic components and fish oil on concentration of lipids in liver and liver @entity3 profile of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: 26 @entity0 were treated for @entity1 with 40 mg of @entity4 twice a day (equivalent 36 mg of @entity3 ) for a longer period. Mostly by reason of incompatibility, a reduction to half of the dose was necessary in six of these @entity0 . The control of plasma @entity2 concentration indicated that only 10 @entity0 took their medicine regularly. Before treatment as well as three and six months after beginning of treatment the @entity0 were examined. In these examinations bone density was measured across the middle phalanx of the middle finger with a I-125-profile scanner. Size and function of the thyroid gland were evaluated by clinical aspects and with in vivo- and in vitro-methods for thyroid diagnostic. The program includes also a check up with a 12 canal-serum-autoanalyzer. In 10 @entity0 with warranted regular intake of the drug the increase of bone density was significant after three months already. In all 26 @entity0 a considerable increase of the alkaline phosphatase after three months was evident. Under the influence of @entity4 no change was seen in function and size of thyroid gland. This result verifies the efficiency of @entity4 in @entity1 -therapy without any measurable influence on thyroid function.

title: [ XXXX therapy and thyroid function. Influence of 6 months of @entity4 treatment on thyroid function and bone density].

answer: @entity1


abstract: 26 @entity0 were treated for @entity1 with 40 mg of @entity4 twice a day (equivalent 36 mg of @entity3 ) for a longer period. Mostly by reason of incompatibility, a reduction to half of the dose was necessary in six of these @entity0 . The control of plasma @entity2 concentration indicated that only 10 @entity0 took their medicine regularly. Before treatment as well as three and six months after beginning of treatment the @entity0 were examined. In these examinations bone density was measured across the middle phalanx of the middle finger with a I-125-profile scanner. Size and function of the thyroid gland were evaluated by clinical aspects and with in vivo- and in vitro-methods for thyroid diagnostic. The program includes also a check up with a 12 canal-serum-autoanalyzer. In 10 @entity0 with warranted regular intake of the drug the increase of bone density was significant after three months already. In all 26 @entity0 a considerable increase of the alkaline phosphatase after three months was evident. Under the influence of @entity4 no change was seen in function and size of thyroid gland. This result verifies the efficiency of @entity4 in @entity1 -therapy without any measurable influence on thyroid function.

title: [ @entity1 therapy and thyroid function. Influence of 6 months of XXXX treatment on thyroid function and bone density].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Fast-acting @entity3 analogues (FAIAs) are being used more frequently during pregnancy. Previous studies comparing regular @entity3 (RI) and FAIA consist primarily of @entity0 enrolled with pre-existing @entity1 ; therefore, we compared pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 197 pregnant @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) requiring @entity3 treatment for glycemic control. Individuals were divided into 2 groups: RI (n = 55) and FAIA (aspart or lispro; n = 142). Pregnancy outcomes, including caesarean section rate, and neonatal outcomes, including @entity6 and ponderal index, were compared between groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in maternal baseline characteristics (age, parity, body mass index and @entity2 ) between groups or in haemoglobinA1c before delivery. The frequency of emergency caesarean section (caesarean section after trial of labor) was not significantly different between groups (RI 16.7%, FAIA 24.7%; p = 0.452). There were no differences in frequencies of @entity6 (RI 3.4%, FAIA 6.5%; p = 0.518), ponderal index (RI 2.65    0.5, FAIA 2.71    0.5; p = 0.322), cranial-thoracic circumference ratio (RI 1.07    0.06, FAIA 1.07    0.06; p = 0.386) or @entity4 (RI 5.1%, FAIA 5.8%; p = 1.000). CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that FAIA achieves similar pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in @entity1 compared with RI. Considering @entity0 convenience, FAIA may be better to use during pregnancy.

title: Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in XXXX Treated with Regular @entity3 or Fast-Acting @entity3 Analogues.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Fast-acting @entity3 analogues (FAIAs) are being used more frequently during pregnancy. Previous studies comparing regular @entity3 (RI) and FAIA consist primarily of @entity0 enrolled with pre-existing @entity1 ; therefore, we compared pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 197 pregnant @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) requiring @entity3 treatment for glycemic control. Individuals were divided into 2 groups: RI (n = 55) and FAIA (aspart or lispro; n = 142). Pregnancy outcomes, including caesarean section rate, and neonatal outcomes, including @entity6 and ponderal index, were compared between groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in maternal baseline characteristics (age, parity, body mass index and @entity2 ) between groups or in haemoglobinA1c before delivery. The frequency of emergency caesarean section (caesarean section after trial of labor) was not significantly different between groups (RI 16.7%, FAIA 24.7%; p = 0.452). There were no differences in frequencies of @entity6 (RI 3.4%, FAIA 6.5%; p = 0.518), ponderal index (RI 2.65    0.5, FAIA 2.71    0.5; p = 0.322), cranial-thoracic circumference ratio (RI 1.07    0.06, FAIA 1.07    0.06; p = 0.386) or @entity4 (RI 5.1%, FAIA 5.8%; p = 1.000). CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that FAIA achieves similar pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in @entity1 compared with RI. Considering @entity0 convenience, FAIA may be better to use during pregnancy.

title: Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in @entity5 Treated with Regular XXXX or Fast-Acting @entity3 Analogues.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Fast-acting @entity3 analogues (FAIAs) are being used more frequently during pregnancy. Previous studies comparing regular @entity3 (RI) and FAIA consist primarily of @entity0 enrolled with pre-existing @entity1 ; therefore, we compared pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 197 pregnant @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) requiring @entity3 treatment for glycemic control. Individuals were divided into 2 groups: RI (n = 55) and FAIA (aspart or lispro; n = 142). Pregnancy outcomes, including caesarean section rate, and neonatal outcomes, including @entity6 and ponderal index, were compared between groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in maternal baseline characteristics (age, parity, body mass index and @entity2 ) between groups or in haemoglobinA1c before delivery. The frequency of emergency caesarean section (caesarean section after trial of labor) was not significantly different between groups (RI 16.7%, FAIA 24.7%; p = 0.452). There were no differences in frequencies of @entity6 (RI 3.4%, FAIA 6.5%; p = 0.518), ponderal index (RI 2.65    0.5, FAIA 2.71    0.5; p = 0.322), cranial-thoracic circumference ratio (RI 1.07    0.06, FAIA 1.07    0.06; p = 0.386) or @entity4 (RI 5.1%, FAIA 5.8%; p = 1.000). CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that FAIA achieves similar pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in @entity1 compared with RI. Considering @entity0 convenience, FAIA may be better to use during pregnancy.

title: Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes in @entity5 Treated with Regular @entity3 or Fast-Acting XXXX Analogues.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) @entity2 are often associated with primary @entity5 . Late reconstruction of ACL-deficient knees may increase the risk of developing secondary @entity5 ; hence, the timing of ACL repair is of the utmost importance. Because meniscus outcome is also a potential predictor for @entity3 ( @entity3 ), this study compared ACL repair within the first 6  months after injury to that of surgery conducted 7-12  months after injury with regard to the incidence of @entity5 . METHODS: This prospective cross-sectional study included all complete isolated primary @entity6 treated in our institution within 1  year after @entity1 over a 12-month period. Exclusion criteria were revision ACL, complex ligament injuries, previous knee surgery, and missing injury data. Cartilage lesions were classified according to the score established by the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS score) and @entity4 according to their treatment options. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty-three of 730 @entity0 (162 @entity0 , 71 @entity0 ) with ACL repair met the inclusion criteria. 86.3  % of surgical interventions were conducted within 6  months and 13.7  % after 6  months of @entity1 . Severe cartilage lesions grade III-IV did not significantly differ between the different time points of ACL repair (<6  months 39.9  %; >6  months 31.3  %; p  =  n.s.). Medial meniscus lesions received significantly higher meniscal repair in early compared to delayed ACL repair. Significantly higher rate of meniscal repair of the medial meniscus was seen in cases of early ACL repair compared to delayed (<6  months 77.2  %, >6  months 46.7; p  =  0.022). The rate of medial meniscal repair in early ACL repair was significantly higher for @entity0 (89.5-0  %; p  =  0.002), however, not for @entity0 (73.3-53.8  %; p  =  n.s.). No differences were found for lateral meniscal lesions, with regard to neither the different time points (p  =  n.s.) nor the sex (p  =  n.s.). CONCLUSIONS: Because of the significantly higher rate of prognostically advantageous meniscal repair, the recommendation for an ACL reconstruction within 6  months after @entity1 was made to preserve the meniscus and reduce the risk of developing @entity3 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prospective cross-sectional cohort study, Level II.

title: Timing of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction within the first year after XXXX and its influence on treatment of cartilage and meniscus pathology.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lumbar floating fusion occasionally causes postoperative @entity5 ( @entity5 ) at lumbosacral level, causing L5 @entity1 by L5-S1 foraminal stenosis. The disorder is considered to be one of the major outcomes of L5-S1 @entity5 , which has not been evaluated yet. The present study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of postoperative L5 @entity1 after lumbar interbody fusion extending to the L5 vertebra. METHODS: We evaluated 125 @entity0 with a diagnosis of spondylolisthesis who underwent floating fusion surgery with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion with average postoperative period of 25.2  months. The @entity0 were regarded as symptomatic with postoperative L5 @entity1 such as @entity2 / @entity4 in the lower limbs and/or motor dysfunction. We estimated and compared the wedging angle (frontal view) and height (lateral view) of the lumbosacral junction in pre- and postoperative plain X-ray images and the foraminal ratio (ratio of the narrower foraminal diameter to the wider diameter in the craniocaudal direction) in the preoperative magnetic resonance image. Risk factors for the incidence of L5 @entity1 were explored using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Eight of the 125 @entity0 (6.4  %) were categorized as symptomatic, an average of 13.3  months after surgery. The wedging angle was significantly higher, and the foraminal ratio was significantly decreased in the symptomatic group (both P   <   0.05) compared to the asymptomatic group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of possible risk factors revealed that the wedging angle, foraminal ratio, and multileveled fusion were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Higher wedging angle and lower foraminal ratio in the lumbosacral junction were significantly predictive for the incidence of @entity3 as well as multiple-leveled fusion. These findings indicate that lumbosacral fixation should be considered for @entity0 with these risk factors even if they have few symptoms from the L5-S1 junction.

title: Retrospective exploration of risk factors for L5 XXXX following lumbar floating fusion surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether blood pressure (BP) plays an independent predictive role in the onset of decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remains ill-defined because existing meta-analyses have incorporated data from studies that included individuals with low GFRs at baseline. This question is critical to optimize chronic @entity1 prevention in the general population. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. SETTING _ POPULATION: Adults from general population. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES: We identified in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library database all cohort studies evaluating the role of BP in the incidence of decreased estimated GFR (eGFR; defined as eGFR<60mL/min/1.73m(2)) in individuals without decreased kidney function at baseline. PREDICTORS: @entity2 (BP>140/90mmHg), @entity3 (systolic BP of 120-139 and/or diastolic BP of 80-89mmHg), and BP as a continuous variable. OUTCOMES: Risk for decreased eGFR reported as relative risk (RR) and 95% CI. Heterogeneity (I(2)) was also evaluated. RESULTS: Data from 16 cohorts (315,321 @entity0 ) were analyzed. All studies had a Newcastle-Ottawa score in the range of 6 to 8, denoting high quality. During a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, decreased eGFR occurred in 6.6% of @entity0 . The presence of @entity3 and @entity2 increased renal risk (RRs of 1.19 [95% CI, 1.07-1.33; I(2)=23.8%] and 1.76 [95% CI, 1.58-1.97; I(2)=37.7%], respectively). Similarly, we found that every 10-mm Hg increase in systolic and diastolic BPs associated with higher risk for decreased eGFR (RRs of 1.08 [95% CI, 1.04-1.11; I(2)=60.0%] and 1.12 [95% CI, 1.04-1.20; I(2)=51.4%], respectively). Metaregression analysis showed greater risk with older age (P=0.03), whereas other covariates were not significant. LIMITATIONS: No individual @entity0 -level data. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 and @entity2 , as BP levels, are independent predictors of decreased GFR in the general population, with the effect being more pronounced in the elderly. These findings are important for improving risk stratification in the general population.

title: @entity2 and XXXX and Prediction of Development of Decreased Estimated GFR in the General Population: A Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether blood pressure (BP) plays an independent predictive role in the onset of decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remains ill-defined because existing meta-analyses have incorporated data from studies that included individuals with low GFRs at baseline. This question is critical to optimize chronic @entity1 prevention in the general population. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. SETTING _ POPULATION: Adults from general population. SELECTION CRITERIA FOR STUDIES: We identified in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library database all cohort studies evaluating the role of BP in the incidence of decreased estimated GFR (eGFR; defined as eGFR<60mL/min/1.73m(2)) in individuals without decreased kidney function at baseline. PREDICTORS: @entity2 (BP>140/90mmHg), @entity3 (systolic BP of 120-139 and/or diastolic BP of 80-89mmHg), and BP as a continuous variable. OUTCOMES: Risk for decreased eGFR reported as relative risk (RR) and 95% CI. Heterogeneity (I(2)) was also evaluated. RESULTS: Data from 16 cohorts (315,321 @entity0 ) were analyzed. All studies had a Newcastle-Ottawa score in the range of 6 to 8, denoting high quality. During a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, decreased eGFR occurred in 6.6% of @entity0 . The presence of @entity3 and @entity2 increased renal risk (RRs of 1.19 [95% CI, 1.07-1.33; I(2)=23.8%] and 1.76 [95% CI, 1.58-1.97; I(2)=37.7%], respectively). Similarly, we found that every 10-mm Hg increase in systolic and diastolic BPs associated with higher risk for decreased eGFR (RRs of 1.08 [95% CI, 1.04-1.11; I(2)=60.0%] and 1.12 [95% CI, 1.04-1.20; I(2)=51.4%], respectively). Metaregression analysis showed greater risk with older age (P=0.03), whereas other covariates were not significant. LIMITATIONS: No individual @entity0 -level data. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 and @entity2 , as BP levels, are independent predictors of decreased GFR in the general population, with the effect being more pronounced in the elderly. These findings are important for improving risk stratification in the general population.

title: XXXX and @entity3 and Prediction of Development of Decreased Estimated GFR in the General Population: A Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Primary @entity9 is a rare @entity2 that reportedly regresses promptly with @entity3 chemotherapy. Recently, the role of surgical management has been relegated to biopsy alone. The aim of this study was to review our experience with primary @entity9 and to determine the outcome of @entity0 managed by radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. From 1952 to 1991, 107 @entity0 with @entity7 involving the pancreas were identified. Twelve @entity0 (11%) had primary @entity9 . The presenting symptoms and signs were nonspecific: abdominal @entity4 (83%), @entity5 (50%), and a palpable mass (58%). Six of the 12 @entity0 (50%) undergoing celiotomy had a preoperative diagnosis of @entity8 . These @entity6 were large (x = 8 +/- 2 cm) and deemed unresectable because of size, alleged mesenteric vessel encroachment, regional lymph node @entity1 , or because of an intraoperative diagnosis of @entity6 . Biopsy alone was performed in 50% of @entity0 and biliary bypass and/or gastroenterostomy was performed in 25% of @entity0 . A single resection (pancreatoduodenectomy) was performed 1 year after a full course of chemotherapy had failed. Ten @entity0 , all of whom died of progressive @entity6 , received primary postoperative radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy, and no @entity0 was disease-free at follow-up. Mean survival was 13 months for @entity0 who received chemotherapy alone (n = 2), 22 months for those treated with radiation therapy only (n = 5), and 26 months for those receiving combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy (n = 3).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX : is it a surgical disease?

answer: @entity9


abstract: Improvements in healthcare and nutrition have generated remarkable increases in life expectancy worldwide. This is one of the greatest achievements of the modern world yet it also presents a grave challenge: as more @entity0 survive into later life, more also experience the diseases of old age, including type  2 @entity2 ( @entity4 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 . Developing new ways to improve health in the elderly is therefore a top priority for biomedical research. Although our understanding of the molecular basis of these morbidities has advanced rapidly, effective novel treatments are still lacking. Alternative drug development strategies are now being explored, such as the repurposing of existing drugs used to treat other diseases. This can save a considerable amount of time and money since the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety profiles of these drugs are already established, effectively enabling preclinical studies to be bypassed. @entity5 is one such drug currently being investigated for novel applications. The present review provides a thorough and detailed account of our current understanding of the molecular pharmacology and signalling mechanisms underlying @entity6 -protein interactions. It also focuses on the key role of the microbiota in regulating age-associated morbidities and a potential role for @entity5 to modulate its function. Research in this area holds the key to solving many of the mysteries of our current understanding of drug action and concerted effects to provide sustained and long-life health.

title: Repurposing XXXX : an old drug with new tricks in its binding pockets.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aging incurs aortic stiffening and dilation, but these changes are less pronounced in peripheral arteries, resulting in stiffness and geometry gradients influencing progression of the forward and reflected pressure waves. Because premature arterial aging is observed in @entity2 , we determined the respective roles of stiffness and aortic geometry gradients in 73 controls and 156 @entity0 on hemodialysis. We measured aortic pulse wave velocity ( @entity1 ) and brachial @entity1 to evaluate the stiffness gradient [(brachial @entity1 /aortic @entity1 )(0.5)] and ascending aortic and aortic bifurcation diameters to assess aortic taper (ascending aortic diameter/aortic bifurcation diameter). The global reflection coefficient was estimated from characteristic impedance and vascular resistance. Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine mortality risk. The age-associated increase in aortic @entity1 was higher in @entity0 (P<0.001). In controls, aortic ascending and bifurcation diameters increased with age, with an unchanged aortic taper. In @entity0 on hemodialysis, age did not associate with increased ascending aortic diameter but did associate with increased aortic bifurcation diameter and decreased aortic taper, both of which also associated with @entity3 and smaller global reflection coefficient (P<0.001). In @entity0 , multivariate models revealed all-cause and cardiovascular mortality associated with age, aortic @entity1 , and aortic bifurcation diameter with high specificity and sensitivity. Using stiffness gradient, aortic taper, or global reflection coefficient in the model produced similar results. Thus, whereas @entity4 is a known independent predictor of mortality, these results indicate the importance of also evaluating the aortic geometry in @entity0 on hemodialysis.

title: Aortic Aging in XXXX : Structural, Hemodynamic, and Mortality Implications.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 was isolated from the inflammatory @entity0 of a Bengal @entity2 in April, 1979. In clinical findings rounded area of alopecia, 3 to 8 cm in size was observed on the right haunch and the tail. The @entity0 were covered with thin scales, but the inflammatory changes were not severe. Findings, on physical examination, were unremarkable and the animal appeared healthy except for the @entity0 . The infected hairs were invaded by the fungal elements and arthroconidia were around the hair shaft. Cuticles and cortex of the infected hairs were brittle. They were evidently digested and were easily pulled out from the hair follicles. In mycological findings numerous and typical macroconidia were observed. By cross mating of a isolate from @entity2 and @entity3 (-) strains, cleistothecia were produced. Both organic @entity1 and @entity4 ointment were effective for therapy. In this paper the dermatophytosis of @entity2 caused by @entity3 is described.

title: Dermatophytosis of XXXX caused by @entity3 .

answer: @entity2