abstract: OBJECTIVE: In fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), the category of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), which constitutes 65-70% of all thyroid FNAC, and can be correctly diagnosed by morphology alone, is an important entity. A diagnosis of @entity3 denotes a lesion managed with follow-up unless found in conjunction with compressive symptoms. Although this diagnosis can be quite simple, there are cases in which the scant cellular or colloid component may pose diagnostic issues. Herein, we describe the experiences of evaluating @entity3 at two large academic institutions. We evaluated the clinical importance of a correct diagnosis of @entity3 to define the exact inherent risk of a false-negative result (FNR). METHODS: From January 2008 through to June 2013, 506 (3.6%) out of 15 850 @entity0 with @entity3 underwent surgery. All nodules were sampled under sonographic guidance (US) and processed either with liquid-based cytology (LBC), Diff-Quik   smears or @entity2 -Papanicolaou staining methods. RESULTS: The histological follow-up of 506 @entity3 series included 493 benign and 13 malignant lesions. The latter group included four @entity1 ( @entity1 ), two classic variants of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), one macrofollicular @entity4 and six follicular variants of @entity4 (FVPC). The malignancy rate for the @entity3 category was 2.5%. CONCLUSIONS: When diagnosed by expert cytopathologists, @entity3 represents a robust diagnosis and might reduce the number of FNR. Additional diagnostic experience and a large case series could enable cytopathologists to recognise all the morphological entities of @entity3 . An important additional aid is the extensive sampling of the lesions to reduce issues related to a low cellularity.

title: The cytological diagnosis of a 'benign thyroid lesion': is it a real safe diagnosis for the XXXX ?

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a multisystemic @entity2 with @entity6 . Non-specific @entity5 without objective signs of @entity4 , such as @entity1 , is common in such @entity0 . Thus, an accurate diagnosis of joint involvement may be challenging for dermatologists. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the validity of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) bone scintigraphy for joint involvement assessment in @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 211 @entity0 with @entity3 who had scintigraphic evaluations due to joint symptoms, agreement between bone scintigraphy findings and clinically evaluated joint complaints was retrospectively assessed using Cohen's kappa (k) statistic. A @entity0 subset (n  =  104) showing agreement between joint complaints and scintigraphy results was re-evaluated by a rheumatologist to determine the level of diagnostic specificity attained by combining bone scintigraphy with clinical examinations of dermatologists. RESULTS: The total kappa value (211 @entity0 ) was 0.604, indicating fair agreement between joint complaints and scintigraphy results. Individual analysis of eleven joint categories revealed statistically significant correlations for wrist (k  =  0.677), shoulder (k  =  0.661), and foot joints (k  =  0.618). Of the 104 referrals to a rheumatologist, 95 (91.34%) were confirmed as having @entity3 -associated @entity6 . Joint acral areas (e.g., foot, hand, wrist and shoulder) that had the highest kappa value correlations also ranked highest in diagnostic specificity. CONCLUSION: Bone scintigraphy presents a simple and useful option for dermatologists to assess joint involvement in @entity3 @entity0 , especially for specific anatomic sites.

title: Predictive value of bone scintigraphy for the detection of joint involvement in XXXX : Dermatologists' perspectives.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Histological examination of the peripheral circulation of the ovary of 18 females of the @entity4 revealed a series of blood vessels with special structures. @entity2 was recorded in the @entity0 and in the cortex, and it showed an intimal cushion-like thickening made up of intimal bolsters that formed of smooth muscle fibres and glomus cells. The smooth muscle cells of the tunica media and the tunica adventitia of throttle artery pursued a circumferential pattern. @entity1 arteriovenosa included simple bridge-like anastomotic vessels between arteria and venae, and glomus vessels of typical structure were demonstrated. Glomus organs were recorded in the ovary and were comprised of the tortuous glomus vessels and the related afferent and efferent vessels. Glomus cell complexes also were commonly occur at the cortex ovarii that possessed an extremely convoluted course with a hyperplastic wall and a narrow lumen. Atypical glomus vessels were @entity0 , and the wall of these vessels was relatively thick and consisted of double tunica media with an intimal bolster. Some vessels contained an intimal bolster device of exclusively glomus cell structure (glomus bolster) with a tunica elastic interna demarcated it from the glomus cell media. Some venae represented several layers of longitudinally arranged smooth muscle fibres in the tunica media. Other venae showed wall with variable thickness. Venae with double muscular tunica media were recorded in the medulla. Some venae showed double internal elastic lamina. Also, venae with thick adventitia contained dispersed smooth muscle fibres were determined. Spirally oriented arteriole and venule were demonstrated within the cortex and medulla ovarii. Gestation @entity3 was demonstrated in @entity0 of pregnant females.

title: Morphological Studies on the Peripheral Circulation of the  Ovary in XXXX ( @entity4 ).

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Histological examination of the peripheral circulation of the ovary of 18 females of the @entity4 revealed a series of blood vessels with special structures. @entity2 was recorded in the @entity0 and in the cortex, and it showed an intimal cushion-like thickening made up of intimal bolsters that formed of smooth muscle fibres and glomus cells. The smooth muscle cells of the tunica media and the tunica adventitia of throttle artery pursued a circumferential pattern. @entity1 arteriovenosa included simple bridge-like anastomotic vessels between arteria and venae, and glomus vessels of typical structure were demonstrated. Glomus organs were recorded in the ovary and were comprised of the tortuous glomus vessels and the related afferent and efferent vessels. Glomus cell complexes also were commonly occur at the cortex ovarii that possessed an extremely convoluted course with a hyperplastic wall and a narrow lumen. Atypical glomus vessels were @entity0 , and the wall of these vessels was relatively thick and consisted of double tunica media with an intimal bolster. Some vessels contained an intimal bolster device of exclusively glomus cell structure (glomus bolster) with a tunica elastic interna demarcated it from the glomus cell media. Some venae represented several layers of longitudinally arranged smooth muscle fibres in the tunica media. Other venae showed wall with variable thickness. Venae with double muscular tunica media were recorded in the medulla. Some venae showed double internal elastic lamina. Also, venae with thick adventitia contained dispersed smooth muscle fibres were determined. Spirally oriented arteriole and venule were demonstrated within the cortex and medulla ovarii. Gestation @entity3 was demonstrated in @entity0 of pregnant females.

title: Morphological Studies on the Peripheral Circulation of the  Ovary in @entity4 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is frequently the presenting symptom in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Presence of @entity8 on magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) or @entity4 adds to diagnostic certainty. However, these costly tests cannot be applied in all @entity0 with @entity3 . This study aims to investigate which @entity9 features increase the likelihood of a positive @entity4 or positive MRI of the @entity7 (MRI-SI) in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 . METHODS: Data from 665 @entity0 with @entity3 within the ESPeranza Programme were analysed. Diagnostic utility measures (LR+, LR-) for a positive MRI-SI or @entity4 were calculated for various @entity3 (IBP), their separate items and for other @entity9 features. RESULTS: Pretest probabilityies of a positive result was 41  % for MRI-SI and 40  % for @entity4 . For a positive MRI-SI result the most useful IBP characteristic was alternating @entity2 (LR   +   =2.6). Among the IBP-criteria, fulfillment of the 'ASAS criteria' (LR   +   =2.1) was most contributory. Interestingly, the addition of alternating @entity2 to the Calin/ASAS-IBP criteria (LR   +   =6.0 and 5.5, respectively) or the addition of awakening at second half of night to the Calin-IBP criteria (LR   +   =5.5) increased the pre-test probability of MRI- @entity8 from 41  % to 79-80  %. Dactylitis (LR   +   =4.1) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (LR   +   =6.4) increased this probability to 73  % and 81  %, respectively. To forecast @entity4 positivity, awakening at the second half of the night, fulfillment of the ASAS-IBP definition and @entity5 were the most useful, but only marginally predictive (LR   +   = 1.3, 1,6 and 2.6, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: If @entity0 with suspected axial @entity9 have either 1) IBP according to Calin/ASAS definition plus alternating @entity2 , or 2) IBP according to Calin definition plus awakening at night, or 3) dactylitis or 4) @entity1 , the probability of finding a positive MRI-SI increases significantly.

title: Sponyloarthritis features forecasting the presence of @entity4 or XXXX on magnetic resonance imaging in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 : results from a cross-sectional study in the ESPeranza Cohort.

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is frequently the presenting symptom in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Presence of @entity8 on magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) or @entity4 adds to diagnostic certainty. However, these costly tests cannot be applied in all @entity0 with @entity3 . This study aims to investigate which @entity9 features increase the likelihood of a positive @entity4 or positive MRI of the @entity7 (MRI-SI) in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 . METHODS: Data from 665 @entity0 with @entity3 within the ESPeranza Programme were analysed. Diagnostic utility measures (LR+, LR-) for a positive MRI-SI or @entity4 were calculated for various @entity3 (IBP), their separate items and for other @entity9 features. RESULTS: Pretest probabilityies of a positive result was 41  % for MRI-SI and 40  % for @entity4 . For a positive MRI-SI result the most useful IBP characteristic was alternating @entity2 (LR   +   =2.6). Among the IBP-criteria, fulfillment of the 'ASAS criteria' (LR   +   =2.1) was most contributory. Interestingly, the addition of alternating @entity2 to the Calin/ASAS-IBP criteria (LR   +   =6.0 and 5.5, respectively) or the addition of awakening at second half of night to the Calin-IBP criteria (LR   +   =5.5) increased the pre-test probability of MRI- @entity8 from 41  % to 79-80  %. Dactylitis (LR   +   =4.1) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (LR   +   =6.4) increased this probability to 73  % and 81  %, respectively. To forecast @entity4 positivity, awakening at the second half of the night, fulfillment of the ASAS-IBP definition and @entity5 were the most useful, but only marginally predictive (LR   +   = 1.3, 1,6 and 2.6, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: If @entity0 with suspected axial @entity9 have either 1) IBP according to Calin/ASAS definition plus alternating @entity2 , or 2) IBP according to Calin definition plus awakening at night, or 3) dactylitis or 4) @entity1 , the probability of finding a positive MRI-SI increases significantly.

title: Sponyloarthritis features forecasting the presence of @entity4 or @entity8 on magnetic resonance imaging in @entity0 with suspected XXXX : results from a cross-sectional study in the ESPeranza Cohort.

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is frequently the presenting symptom in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Presence of @entity8 on magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) or @entity4 adds to diagnostic certainty. However, these costly tests cannot be applied in all @entity0 with @entity3 . This study aims to investigate which @entity9 features increase the likelihood of a positive @entity4 or positive MRI of the @entity7 (MRI-SI) in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 . METHODS: Data from 665 @entity0 with @entity3 within the ESPeranza Programme were analysed. Diagnostic utility measures (LR+, LR-) for a positive MRI-SI or @entity4 were calculated for various @entity3 (IBP), their separate items and for other @entity9 features. RESULTS: Pretest probabilityies of a positive result was 41  % for MRI-SI and 40  % for @entity4 . For a positive MRI-SI result the most useful IBP characteristic was alternating @entity2 (LR   +   =2.6). Among the IBP-criteria, fulfillment of the 'ASAS criteria' (LR   +   =2.1) was most contributory. Interestingly, the addition of alternating @entity2 to the Calin/ASAS-IBP criteria (LR   +   =6.0 and 5.5, respectively) or the addition of awakening at second half of night to the Calin-IBP criteria (LR   +   =5.5) increased the pre-test probability of MRI- @entity8 from 41  % to 79-80  %. Dactylitis (LR   +   =4.1) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (LR   +   =6.4) increased this probability to 73  % and 81  %, respectively. To forecast @entity4 positivity, awakening at the second half of the night, fulfillment of the ASAS-IBP definition and @entity5 were the most useful, but only marginally predictive (LR   +   = 1.3, 1,6 and 2.6, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: If @entity0 with suspected axial @entity9 have either 1) IBP according to Calin/ASAS definition plus alternating @entity2 , or 2) IBP according to Calin definition plus awakening at night, or 3) dactylitis or 4) @entity1 , the probability of finding a positive MRI-SI increases significantly.

title: Sponyloarthritis features forecasting the presence of XXXX or @entity8 on magnetic resonance imaging in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 : results from a cross-sectional study in the ESPeranza Cohort.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is frequently the presenting symptom in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Presence of @entity8 on magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) or @entity4 adds to diagnostic certainty. However, these costly tests cannot be applied in all @entity0 with @entity3 . This study aims to investigate which @entity9 features increase the likelihood of a positive @entity4 or positive MRI of the @entity7 (MRI-SI) in @entity0 with suspected @entity6 . METHODS: Data from 665 @entity0 with @entity3 within the ESPeranza Programme were analysed. Diagnostic utility measures (LR+, LR-) for a positive MRI-SI or @entity4 were calculated for various @entity3 (IBP), their separate items and for other @entity9 features. RESULTS: Pretest probabilityies of a positive result was 41  % for MRI-SI and 40  % for @entity4 . For a positive MRI-SI result the most useful IBP characteristic was alternating @entity2 (LR   +   =2.6). Among the IBP-criteria, fulfillment of the 'ASAS criteria' (LR   +   =2.1) was most contributory. Interestingly, the addition of alternating @entity2 to the Calin/ASAS-IBP criteria (LR   +   =6.0 and 5.5, respectively) or the addition of awakening at second half of night to the Calin-IBP criteria (LR   +   =5.5) increased the pre-test probability of MRI- @entity8 from 41  % to 79-80  %. Dactylitis (LR   +   =4.1) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (LR   +   =6.4) increased this probability to 73  % and 81  %, respectively. To forecast @entity4 positivity, awakening at the second half of the night, fulfillment of the ASAS-IBP definition and @entity5 were the most useful, but only marginally predictive (LR   +   = 1.3, 1,6 and 2.6, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: If @entity0 with suspected axial @entity9 have either 1) IBP according to Calin/ASAS definition plus alternating @entity2 , or 2) IBP according to Calin definition plus awakening at night, or 3) dactylitis or 4) @entity1 , the probability of finding a positive MRI-SI increases significantly.

title: Sponyloarthritis features forecasting the presence of @entity4 or @entity8 on magnetic resonance imaging in XXXX with suspected @entity6 : results from a cross-sectional study in the ESPeranza Cohort.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Heath and coworkers proposed that @entity1 may be an @entity2 in which antibodies are built up against specific substances in certain brain cells. Heath reports that @entity1 @entity0 exhibit abnormal brain waves in recordings from the caudate nucleus and septal area. These abnormal waves can also be recorded from similar sites in monkey brains after injections into the lateral ventricle cerebrospinal fluid of gamma-G-immunoglobulins (IgG) isolated from the blood of acutely ill @entity1 @entity0 . We prepared IgG fractions from control subjects and acutely ill @entity1 @entity0 and tested them in @entity3 under double-blind conditions. Of 107 sera tested from 24 @entity1 @entity0 , 29 produced positive electroencephalographic recordings in the monkeys. From 30 control subjects we tested 80 samples and found 6 to be positive according to Heath's criteria. This amounts to more than 1 positive reaction for every 4 @entity1 @entity0 ' fractions tested and approximately 1 positive in 13 from control subjects' serum fractions. The difference between control and @entity0 groups is highly significant (p less than 0.001). Although our results confirm the experimental findings of the Heath group concerning abnormal EEG activity associated with an IgG fraction from @entity1 @entity0 , they differ from Heath's results for fractions from control @entity0 . We found positive effects from a small number of control fractions whereas Heath claims never to have observed positive biological activity in control fractions. The @entity2 has numerous drawbacks, the greatest of which is the inability to demonstrate the presence of circulating antibody in @entity1 @entity0 with the use of standard immunologic techniques.

title: Immunologic studies in XXXX and control subjects.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. The livers of @entity0 were perfused in situ with medium containing mixtures of @entity7 in multiples of their concentration in normal @entity0 plasma. The incorporation of labelled @entity4 into protein of the liver and of the perfusing medium increased with increasing @entity4 concentration. During 60min. perfusions, labelling of liver protein reached a plateau, and labelling of medium protein was inhibited when the initial concentration of the @entity4 mixture was more than ten times the normal plasma value. 2. Examination of polysome profiles derived from livers perfused without @entity7 in the medium showed that the number of large aggregates was decreased and the number of small aggregates, particularly monomers and dimers, was increased with time of perfusion. The addition of @entity7 to the perfusion medium reversed this polysome shift to an extent that was dependent on the initial concentration of @entity7 . Polysome profiles derived from livers perfused for 60min. with ten times the normal plasma concentration of @entity7 were essentially the same as the polysome profiles of normal non-perfused livers. 3. The ability of ribosome preparations from perfused livers to incorporate @entity7 into protein in vitro decreased with increasing time of perfusion when no @entity7 were added to the medium, but increased as the concentration of @entity7 in the perfusion medium was increased. 4. The ability of cell sap from perfused livers to support protein synthesis in vitro was not influenced by the @entity4 concentration of the perfusion medium. 5. Livers were perfused for 60min. with medium containing @entity4 mixtures at ten times the normal plasma concentration but deficient in one @entity4 . Maximal incorporation of labelled @entity4 into liver protein, the stability of the polysome profile and the ability of ribosome preparations to incorporate @entity7 into protein were found to depend on the presence of 11 @entity7 : @entity2 , @entity11 , @entity13 , @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity9 , @entity10 and @entity12 . A mixture of these 11 @entity7 , at ten times their normal plasma concentration, stimulated the incorporation of labelled @entity4 into liver protein, stabilized the polysome profile and increased the ability of ribosome preparations to incorporate @entity7 into protein to the same extent as the complete mixture. 6. It is concluded that the availability of certain @entity7 plays an important role in the control of protein synthesis, possibly by stimulating the ability of ribosomes to become, and to remain, attached to messenger RNA.

title: Influence of XXXX supply on ribosomes and protein synthesis of perfused @entity0 liver.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. The livers of @entity0 were perfused in situ with medium containing mixtures of @entity7 in multiples of their concentration in normal @entity0 plasma. The incorporation of labelled @entity4 into protein of the liver and of the perfusing medium increased with increasing @entity4 concentration. During 60min. perfusions, labelling of liver protein reached a plateau, and labelling of medium protein was inhibited when the initial concentration of the @entity4 mixture was more than ten times the normal plasma value. 2. Examination of polysome profiles derived from livers perfused without @entity7 in the medium showed that the number of large aggregates was decreased and the number of small aggregates, particularly monomers and dimers, was increased with time of perfusion. The addition of @entity7 to the perfusion medium reversed this polysome shift to an extent that was dependent on the initial concentration of @entity7 . Polysome profiles derived from livers perfused for 60min. with ten times the normal plasma concentration of @entity7 were essentially the same as the polysome profiles of normal non-perfused livers. 3. The ability of ribosome preparations from perfused livers to incorporate @entity7 into protein in vitro decreased with increasing time of perfusion when no @entity7 were added to the medium, but increased as the concentration of @entity7 in the perfusion medium was increased. 4. The ability of cell sap from perfused livers to support protein synthesis in vitro was not influenced by the @entity4 concentration of the perfusion medium. 5. Livers were perfused for 60min. with medium containing @entity4 mixtures at ten times the normal plasma concentration but deficient in one @entity4 . Maximal incorporation of labelled @entity4 into liver protein, the stability of the polysome profile and the ability of ribosome preparations to incorporate @entity7 into protein were found to depend on the presence of 11 @entity7 : @entity2 , @entity11 , @entity13 , @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity9 , @entity10 and @entity12 . A mixture of these 11 @entity7 , at ten times their normal plasma concentration, stimulated the incorporation of labelled @entity4 into liver protein, stabilized the polysome profile and increased the ability of ribosome preparations to incorporate @entity7 into protein to the same extent as the complete mixture. 6. It is concluded that the availability of certain @entity7 plays an important role in the control of protein synthesis, possibly by stimulating the ability of ribosomes to become, and to remain, attached to messenger RNA.

title: Influence of @entity4 supply on ribosomes and protein synthesis of perfused XXXX liver.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The pulmonary disposition, histopathology and lymphatic uptake of @entity3 (Tamaqua) and bituminous (Lower Kittaning) coal dusts were measured as part of a pulmonary retention study which revealed a mean half-time of 1.92 years in @entity1 (Morrow et al. 1981). After brief (1-2.5 hr) exposures to either natural or neutron-activated coals having an average airborne mass concentration of approximately 90 mg m-3 and a 1.8 mum mass median aerodynamic diameter (sigma g 2.5), @entity1 (n = 12) were serially sacrificed up to 52 weeks after exposure. Coal dusts were found only in the lungs and pulmonary lymph nodes. The coals were considered indistinguishable as to their pulmonary clearance and disposition and lymphatic uptake. All coals in the lung were associated mainly with the peribronchiolar and perivascular lymphatics or connective tissue spaces, and some were found in alveolar macrophages. The lymphatic uptake of coal dusts followed the powder function 0.55 t0.513 where t is in weeks and uptake is expressed as percent of the @entity0 . In terms of pulmonary dust clearance, only 4 percent of the @entity0 appeared to have been translocated to the tracheobronchial lymph nodes in the first 50 weeks, but this constituted approximately 14 percent of the total alveolar clearance. Histopathologically, one distinction was found: animals exposed to the highest level of neutron-activated @entity3 showed @entity2 . The response was low grade, probably exposure-related, but otherwise unremarkable.

title: The disposition of coal dusts in the lungs and tracheobronchial lymph nodes of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Sixteen cases of serous surface @entity5 are analyzed. The @entity0 were 45 to 75 years of age. The most common presenting symptoms were malaise, @entity4 , and abdominal enlargement. Ascites was a common finding on physical examination. Bilateral ovarian involvement was seen in all cases. Gross examination revealed @entity1 growing exophytically from the surfaces of the ovaries, with slight to moderate invasion of the underlying parenchyma. Microscopic examination showed serous @entity5 . In most of the cases, @entity1 was widely disseminated throughout the abdominal cavity. It could not be determined with certainty whether the @entity1 represented metastatic spread or synchronous @entity1 formation. The survival of the @entity0 was shorter than that of @entity0 with @entity2 of the same grade without predominant surface involvement. The authors believe that the @entity3 in the ovary is a distinct subtype of serous @entity5 , rather than a primary @entity3 with secondary ovarian involvement.

title: Serous surface XXXX : a clinicopathologic study of 16 cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To validate optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the diagnosis of referable @entity2 (severe, very severe or @entity2 , and @entity3 ) in @entity1 @entity0 .We performed a cross-sectional observational study. A random sample was analyzed comprising 136 eyes of @entity1 @entity0 referred to the hospital in Elche (Spain) with suspected referable @entity2 between October 2012 and June 2013. Primary variable: Referable @entity2 measured by ophthalmological examination of the retina. OCT data included: central foveal thickness, presence of intraretinal fluid, and fundus photographs. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to determine the minimum thickness value with a positive likelihood ratio >10. To determine the validity of OCT, the following diagnostic test was defined: Positive: if the @entity0 had at least 1 of these criteria: foveal thickness greater than the point obtained on the previously defined ROC curve, intraretinal fluid, abnormal fundus photographs; Negative: none of the above criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and Kappa statistic were determined.Of the 136 eyes, 48 had referable @entity2 (35.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.3-43.3). The minimum thickness value with a positive likelihood ratio >10 was 275 m. The diagnostic test constructed showed: sensitivity, 91.67% (95% CI: 79.13-97.30); specificity, 93.18% (95% CI: 85.19-97.20); positive predictive value, 88.00% (95% CI: 75.00-95.03); negative predictive value, 95.35% (95% CI: 87.87-98.50); positive likelihood ratio, 13.44 (95% CI: 6.18-29.24); negative likelihood ratio, 0.09 (95% CI: 0.03-0.23). The Kappa value was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75-0.94, P<0.001.This study constructed a diagnostic test for referable @entity1 with type A evidence. Nevertheless, studies are needed to determine the validity of this test in the general @entity1 population.

title: Validity of Optical Coherence Tomography as a Diagnostic Method for @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To validate optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the diagnosis of referable @entity2 (severe, very severe or @entity2 , and @entity3 ) in @entity1 @entity0 .We performed a cross-sectional observational study. A random sample was analyzed comprising 136 eyes of @entity1 @entity0 referred to the hospital in Elche (Spain) with suspected referable @entity2 between October 2012 and June 2013. Primary variable: Referable @entity2 measured by ophthalmological examination of the retina. OCT data included: central foveal thickness, presence of intraretinal fluid, and fundus photographs. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated to determine the minimum thickness value with a positive likelihood ratio >10. To determine the validity of OCT, the following diagnostic test was defined: Positive: if the @entity0 had at least 1 of these criteria: foveal thickness greater than the point obtained on the previously defined ROC curve, intraretinal fluid, abnormal fundus photographs; Negative: none of the above criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and Kappa statistic were determined.Of the 136 eyes, 48 had referable @entity2 (35.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.3-43.3). The minimum thickness value with a positive likelihood ratio >10 was 275 m. The diagnostic test constructed showed: sensitivity, 91.67% (95% CI: 79.13-97.30); specificity, 93.18% (95% CI: 85.19-97.20); positive predictive value, 88.00% (95% CI: 75.00-95.03); negative predictive value, 95.35% (95% CI: 87.87-98.50); positive likelihood ratio, 13.44 (95% CI: 6.18-29.24); negative likelihood ratio, 0.09 (95% CI: 0.03-0.23). The Kappa value was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75-0.94, P<0.001.This study constructed a diagnostic test for referable @entity1 with type A evidence. Nevertheless, studies are needed to determine the validity of this test in the general @entity1 population.

title: Validity of Optical Coherence Tomography as a Diagnostic Method for XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The development and distribution of peptidase activity in mucosal homogenates of @entity0 small intestine has been investigated. Substrates used were @entity2 (GL), @entity3 (SM), and @entity4 (LGG). During the first 2 weeks of life there was high peptidase activity toward GL and SM in the distal regions of the small intestine. In the third postnatal week, activity in the distal small intestine toward GL and SM decreased, while activity in the proximal small intestine increased. In contrast, there was no difference in activity toward LGG along the length of the small intestine, nor was there a developmental change. Activity toward all three substrates was not affected by @entity1 treatment. However, the classical effect of glucocorticoids on sucrase activity and body weight was observed. All peptidases studied showed maximal activities at neutral pH, indicating that they were not lysosomal in origin. Activity towards GL and SM was predominantly located in the cytosol. It is suggested that these dipeptidase activities play a role in the terminal steps of protein digestion following pinocytosis and lysosomal hydrolysis.

title: Postnatal development of peptidase enzymes in XXXX small intestine.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Investigations of the small bowel mucosa by scanning and transmission electron microscopy are reported in two coetaneous @entity0 with @entity4 . Serum immunoglobulins and @entity1 by light microscopy were normal in both, as well as activities of @entity3 , sucrase, and maltase. One of the @entity0 had suggestive evidence of @entity5 . Scanning and transmission electron microscopic examination of biopsied mucosa of the @entity0 with @entity5 suggested the following: increased secretory activity in crypts and @entity2 , producing excess mucus containing extruded cytoplasm. It is hypothesized that the physicochemical properties of the mucoid material permitted ready interaction with the mucosal surface, the biochemical qualities of which could have been altered by the presence of the parasites. Close adherence of this mucoid layer to the surface gave it the aspect of a pseudomembrane which, by covering wide areas of the mucosal surface, probably functioned as an effective luminal barrier for nutrients. This pseudomembrane was not seen by light microscopy. Excessive secretion of mucus, its physicochemical and immunologic properties, and mucus-mucosal surface interaction could have been engendered by genetic and environmental factors, which need further study. Although some mucus was present in the mucosa of the other @entity0 , it was confined to the base of the villi, and did not cover the mucosal surface. The presence of a luminal barrier (mucoid pseudomembrane) may be added to the list of mechanisms implicated in causing @entity5 in @entity4 .

title: Malabsorption in XXXX : presence of a luminal barrier (mucoid pseudomembrane). A scanning and transmission electron microscopic study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Age-related changes in serum and liver @entity2 , phospholipid and @entity4 levels, serum lipoproteins, biliary secretion of @entity2 , phospholipids and @entity7 , fecal excretion of @entity6 and @entity7 , and the pool size of @entity7 were examined in spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 (SHR) and @entity0 -Kyoto @entity0 (WKR). SHR showed distinct age- and sex-related changes when young and marked aged- @entity0 @entity5 after 1 yr of age. (1) @entity2 shifted from blood to the liver between 10 and 20 wk only in male SHR and not at all in WKR. (2) Serum lipoprotein percentages changes; alpha-lipoprotein decreased, pre-beta-lipoprotein increased, but beta-lipoprotein did not change. These changes appeared only in male SHR and after 13 to 15 wk of age. (3) @entity3 in SHR, although not detected at 5 to 6 wk, progressed more rapidly than in WKR, giving values almost double those in WKR after 13 to 15 wk. @entity3 in female SHR was much less than in the male. (4) Bile flow, biliary secretion, and the pool size of @entity7 increased. However, when expressed on the basis of liver weight, these values were similar to those in WKR, suggesting that the increases were caused by the @entity3 . (5) Differences appeared in the @entity8 composition. A large amount of @entity10 was present in SHR of both sexes and the @entity9 percentage was low in male SHR. (6) Changes were observed in fecal @entity8 excretion. Since the daily amounts in male SHR were similar to those in WKR, the hepatic synthesis activity (mg per day per 10 g liver) in male SHR was almost half that in WKR at all ages.

title: Age-related changes in @entity2 and @entity8 metabolism in spontaneously XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Age-related changes in serum and liver @entity2 , phospholipid and @entity4 levels, serum lipoproteins, biliary secretion of @entity2 , phospholipids and @entity7 , fecal excretion of @entity6 and @entity7 , and the pool size of @entity7 were examined in spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 (SHR) and @entity0 -Kyoto @entity0 (WKR). SHR showed distinct age- and sex-related changes when young and marked aged- @entity0 @entity5 after 1 yr of age. (1) @entity2 shifted from blood to the liver between 10 and 20 wk only in male SHR and not at all in WKR. (2) Serum lipoprotein percentages changes; alpha-lipoprotein decreased, pre-beta-lipoprotein increased, but beta-lipoprotein did not change. These changes appeared only in male SHR and after 13 to 15 wk of age. (3) @entity3 in SHR, although not detected at 5 to 6 wk, progressed more rapidly than in WKR, giving values almost double those in WKR after 13 to 15 wk. @entity3 in female SHR was much less than in the male. (4) Bile flow, biliary secretion, and the pool size of @entity7 increased. However, when expressed on the basis of liver weight, these values were similar to those in WKR, suggesting that the increases were caused by the @entity3 . (5) Differences appeared in the @entity8 composition. A large amount of @entity10 was present in SHR of both sexes and the @entity9 percentage was low in male SHR. (6) Changes were observed in fecal @entity8 excretion. Since the daily amounts in male SHR were similar to those in WKR, the hepatic synthesis activity (mg per day per 10 g liver) in male SHR was almost half that in WKR at all ages.

title: Age-related changes in XXXX and @entity8 metabolism in spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Age-related changes in serum and liver @entity2 , phospholipid and @entity4 levels, serum lipoproteins, biliary secretion of @entity2 , phospholipids and @entity7 , fecal excretion of @entity6 and @entity7 , and the pool size of @entity7 were examined in spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 (SHR) and @entity0 -Kyoto @entity0 (WKR). SHR showed distinct age- and sex-related changes when young and marked aged- @entity0 @entity5 after 1 yr of age. (1) @entity2 shifted from blood to the liver between 10 and 20 wk only in male SHR and not at all in WKR. (2) Serum lipoprotein percentages changes; alpha-lipoprotein decreased, pre-beta-lipoprotein increased, but beta-lipoprotein did not change. These changes appeared only in male SHR and after 13 to 15 wk of age. (3) @entity3 in SHR, although not detected at 5 to 6 wk, progressed more rapidly than in WKR, giving values almost double those in WKR after 13 to 15 wk. @entity3 in female SHR was much less than in the male. (4) Bile flow, biliary secretion, and the pool size of @entity7 increased. However, when expressed on the basis of liver weight, these values were similar to those in WKR, suggesting that the increases were caused by the @entity3 . (5) Differences appeared in the @entity8 composition. A large amount of @entity10 was present in SHR of both sexes and the @entity9 percentage was low in male SHR. (6) Changes were observed in fecal @entity8 excretion. Since the daily amounts in male SHR were similar to those in WKR, the hepatic synthesis activity (mg per day per 10 g liver) in male SHR was almost half that in WKR at all ages.

title: Age-related changes in @entity2 and XXXX metabolism in spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Age-related changes in serum and liver @entity2 , phospholipid and @entity4 levels, serum lipoproteins, biliary secretion of @entity2 , phospholipids and @entity7 , fecal excretion of @entity6 and @entity7 , and the pool size of @entity7 were examined in spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 (SHR) and @entity0 -Kyoto @entity0 (WKR). SHR showed distinct age- and sex-related changes when young and marked aged- @entity0 @entity5 after 1 yr of age. (1) @entity2 shifted from blood to the liver between 10 and 20 wk only in male SHR and not at all in WKR. (2) Serum lipoprotein percentages changes; alpha-lipoprotein decreased, pre-beta-lipoprotein increased, but beta-lipoprotein did not change. These changes appeared only in male SHR and after 13 to 15 wk of age. (3) @entity3 in SHR, although not detected at 5 to 6 wk, progressed more rapidly than in WKR, giving values almost double those in WKR after 13 to 15 wk. @entity3 in female SHR was much less than in the male. (4) Bile flow, biliary secretion, and the pool size of @entity7 increased. However, when expressed on the basis of liver weight, these values were similar to those in WKR, suggesting that the increases were caused by the @entity3 . (5) Differences appeared in the @entity8 composition. A large amount of @entity10 was present in SHR of both sexes and the @entity9 percentage was low in male SHR. (6) Changes were observed in fecal @entity8 excretion. Since the daily amounts in male SHR were similar to those in WKR, the hepatic synthesis activity (mg per day per 10 g liver) in male SHR was almost half that in WKR at all ages.

title: Age-related changes in @entity2 and @entity8 metabolism in spontaneously @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with disabilities have difficulties in obtaining work. However, evidence suggests that those with disabilities derive substantial mental health benefits from employment. This paper assesses how the relationship between work and mental health is influenced by @entity1 for @entity0 working with a disability. METHODS: The study design was a longitudinal cohort with 13 annual waves of data collection, yielding a sample of 122,883 observations from 21,848 @entity0 . Fixed-effects within- @entity0 regression was used to control for time invariant confounding. The Mental Component Summary (MCS) of the Short Form 36 (SF-36) measure was used as the primary outcome measure. The main exposure was a six-category measure of @entity1 and employment status (including 'not in the labour force' [NILF] and unemployment). Disability status ('no waves of disability reported' and 'all contributed waves with reported disability') was assessed as an effect modifier. We also conducted a secondary analysis on respondents contributing both disability and non-disability waves. RESULTS: For those with no disability, the greatest difference in mental health (compared to optimal employment) occurs when @entity0 have the poorest quality jobs (-2.12, 95% CI  -2.48,  -1.75, p  <  0.001). The relative difference in mental health was less in relation to NILF and unemployment (-0.39 and  -0.66 respectively). For those with consistent disability, the difference in mental health when employed in an optimal job was similar between the poorest quality jobs (-2.25, 95% CI  -3.84,  -0.65, p  =  0.006), NILF (-2.84, 95% CI  -4.49,  -1.20, p  =  0.001) or unemployment (-2.56, 95% CI  -4.32,  -0.80, p  =  0.004). These results were confirmed by the secondary analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Efforts to improve @entity1 may have significant mental health benefits for @entity0 with disabilities. This will contribute to the economic viability of disability employment insurance schemes in Australia and other high-income countries.

title: Does disability status modify the association between XXXX and mental health? A longitudinal fixed-effects analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The options available for treatment of Irreducible @entity2 (IAAD) with @entity3 are odontoidectomy, posterior decompression, @entity4 . In 2006 Wang et al described that most IAAD can be reduced following anterior release of contracted soft tissues. Anterior release may be done by transoral (TO) or @entity5 ( @entity5 ) approach. Posterior instrumented fusion provides stability and helps in achieving further reduction. PURPOSE: To study the neurological and radiological outcome following treatment of @entity3 associated with irreducible @entity2 (IAAD) by anterior release and posterior instrumented fusion. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective Case Series @entity0 SAMPLE: 19 OUTCOME MEASURE: @entity0 were assessed for neurologic recovery by Benzel's modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score and radiologically by assessing reduction on lateral radiographs and comparing clivus-canal angle on pre-op _ post-op CT scan. METHODS: 19 consecutive @entity0 with IAAD were surgically treated. Anterior release was done via TO approach in 12 @entity0 and @entity5 approach in 7. Following anterior release all @entity0 underwent posterior instrumented fusion. RESULTS: Study included 15 males and 4 females with mean follow-up of 18 months. Pathology included occipitalisation of atlas in 16 @entity0 , os odontoideum in 2 and missing posterior elements of axis in 1. All @entity0 had cervical @entity1 . Occipitocervical fixation was done in 18 @entity0 and C1-2 trans-articular screw fixation in one. 15 @entity0 had anatomic reduction while 4 had partial. The clivus-canal angle improved from a mean pre-op angle of 111.47(0) to mean post op angle of 142.84(0). The mJOA improved from pre-op mean mJOA of 12.89 to a post-op mean mJOA of 16.84. Fusion was achieved in all @entity0 . Maceration of posterior wound was noted in 3 @entity0 which healed by daily cleaning and dressing (C _ D). Implant breakage on one side was noted in one @entity0 at 3 months post op, however @entity0 remained asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: This series reinforces the safety and efficacy of both trans-oral and retro-pharyngeal anterior release for reduction of Irreducible AAD. Posterior fixation helps in achieving further reduction and provides stability. Anterior release followed by instrumented posterior fusion is a safe and effective modality of treatment for irreducible AAD associated with @entity3 .

title: Single stage anterior release and posterior instrumented fusion for irreducible XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The options available for treatment of Irreducible @entity2 (IAAD) with @entity3 are odontoidectomy, posterior decompression, @entity4 . In 2006 Wang et al described that most IAAD can be reduced following anterior release of contracted soft tissues. Anterior release may be done by transoral (TO) or @entity5 ( @entity5 ) approach. Posterior instrumented fusion provides stability and helps in achieving further reduction. PURPOSE: To study the neurological and radiological outcome following treatment of @entity3 associated with irreducible @entity2 (IAAD) by anterior release and posterior instrumented fusion. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective Case Series @entity0 SAMPLE: 19 OUTCOME MEASURE: @entity0 were assessed for neurologic recovery by Benzel's modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score and radiologically by assessing reduction on lateral radiographs and comparing clivus-canal angle on pre-op _ post-op CT scan. METHODS: 19 consecutive @entity0 with IAAD were surgically treated. Anterior release was done via TO approach in 12 @entity0 and @entity5 approach in 7. Following anterior release all @entity0 underwent posterior instrumented fusion. RESULTS: Study included 15 males and 4 females with mean follow-up of 18 months. Pathology included occipitalisation of atlas in 16 @entity0 , os odontoideum in 2 and missing posterior elements of axis in 1. All @entity0 had cervical @entity1 . Occipitocervical fixation was done in 18 @entity0 and C1-2 trans-articular screw fixation in one. 15 @entity0 had anatomic reduction while 4 had partial. The clivus-canal angle improved from a mean pre-op angle of 111.47(0) to mean post op angle of 142.84(0). The mJOA improved from pre-op mean mJOA of 12.89 to a post-op mean mJOA of 16.84. Fusion was achieved in all @entity0 . Maceration of posterior wound was noted in 3 @entity0 which healed by daily cleaning and dressing (C _ D). Implant breakage on one side was noted in one @entity0 at 3 months post op, however @entity0 remained asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: This series reinforces the safety and efficacy of both trans-oral and retro-pharyngeal anterior release for reduction of Irreducible AAD. Posterior fixation helps in achieving further reduction and provides stability. Anterior release followed by instrumented posterior fusion is a safe and effective modality of treatment for irreducible AAD associated with @entity3 .

title: Single stage anterior release and posterior instrumented fusion for irreducible @entity2 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-operative treatment is widely accepted for early stages of @entity4 . In general, a trial of conservative treatment is recommended prior to surgery. OBJECTIVE: The influence of sagittal alignment on treatment outcomes remains unclear. METHODS: Twenty-five @entity0 were included in this prospective study. All @entity0 received repeated epidural injections and facet joint injections as well as physiotherapy during a one week hospitalization. @entity0 characteristics, VAS scores, COMI scores, ODI scores and SF-36 were assessed prior to and immediately after treatment as well as after six, twelve, and 26 weeks. Spinopelvic parameter measurements were performed. Outcome parameters were correlated to spinopelvic parameters. RESULTS: ODI and PCSS scores improved significantly up to three months follow-up. COMI score improved significantly over the entire follow-up. Back @entity1 improvement at six weeks and three months follow-up correlated inversely with pelvic incidence. Sacral slope correlated significantly with ODI improvement immediately after therapy. @entity2 also correlated significantly with ODI improvement at three months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with higher pelvic incidence reported significantly greater back @entity1 improvements at three months follow-up. ODI improvements were higher for @entity0 with high sacral slope immediately after treatment and for @entity0 with a @entity3 after three months. No influence of sagittal alignment was observed on leg @entity1 or quality of life.

title: Influence of spinopelvic parameters on non-operative treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 , the most common form of @entity3 , is characterized by progressive, irreversible scarring of the lung parenchyma. @entity1 has a poor prognosis, and there are no medical therapies available that have been shown to improve survival. It is usually sporadic, but there is evidence of familial clustering of @entity2 , suggesting a genetic basis for this disease. More recently, studies have confirmed that specific genetic variants are associated with both familial and sporadic forms of @entity2 . DISCUSSION: Although there are common and rare genetic variants that have been associated with the risk of developing @entity2 , the genotyping of @entity0 is not a generally accepted strategy. Better understanding of the interplay between genetic risk and environmental exposure is likely needed to inform both treatment and disease prevention. Several identified disease-associated genetic variants have implications for disease progression and survival, but systematic studies of known genetic variants and their influence on therapeutic efficacy are lacking. Future investigations should focus on understanding phenotypic differences between @entity0 carrying different risk alleles, and clinical studies should be designed to control for the influence of different genetic risk variants on @entity0 outcomes. Inherited genetic factors play a significant role in the risk of developing @entity2 . Future studies will be needed to characterize @entity0 phenotypes and to understand how these genetic factors will influence clinical decision-making for both diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 .

title: Incorporating genetics into the identification and treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is one of the most common @entity4 , whereas symmetrical onychomadesis is a rare claw disease in the general @entity1 population. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of @entity3 and symmetrical onychomadesis in a birth cohort of 291 Gordon setters at eight years of age. Further, to describe the age at diagnosis of @entity3 in the 68 Gordon setters and 51 English setters included in the @entity5 study. Finally, to elucidate potential associations between dog leukocyte antigen ( @entity5 ) class II and @entity3 and/or symmetrical onychomadesis in the Gordon setter and the English setter. RESULTS: In the birth cohort of eight years old Gordon setters, 2.7  % had @entity3 and 8.9  % had symmetrical onychomadesis, but only one out of these 291 @entity1 (0.3  %) had both diseases. Mean age at diagnosis of @entity3 for @entity1 included in the @entity5 study was 6.4  years (95  % CI: 5.6-7.2  years) in the Gordon setters and 7.7  years (95  % CI: 7.2-8.2  years) in the English setters. The @entity5 alleles most associated with @entity3 in the Gordon setter and English setter were @entity5 -DQB1*00201 (OR   =   3.6, 95  % CI: 2.1-6.4, p   <   0.001) and @entity6 *00101 (OR   =   2.9, 95  % CI: 1.3-6.6, p   <   0.001), respectively. In the Gordon setter, the haplotype @entity5 *01801/DQA1*00101/DQB1*00802 was significantly associated with both symmetrical onychomadesis (OR   =   2.9, 95  % CI: 1.7-5.2, p   <   0.001) and with protection against @entity3 (OR   =   0.3, 95  % CI: 0.2-0.5, p   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity3 is a complex disease where @entity5 genes together with other genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. In the Gordon setter, one @entity5 haplotype that was associated with protection against @entity3 was also associated with symmetrical onychomadesis. These findings indicate that closely linked genes, instead of or together with the @entity5 genes themselves, may be associated with @entity3 and symmetrical onychomadesis. In a breed where several @entity2 are prevalent all possible associations between @entity5 genes and @entity0 need to be investigated before @entity5 is considered used as a tool for marker-assisted selection.

title: Genetics and epidemiology of XXXX and symmetrical onychomadesis in the Gordon setter and the English setter.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 33 drug abusers were examined and all of them were addicts to several drugs and always to heroin. @entity1 occurred rather frequently. One @entity0 had @entity5 and angiography showed no @entity7 nor other pathology. @entity3 has been found in one case. 7 @entity0 (21,2%) developed @entity6 . @entity2 attacks were found in 5 cases (15,1%). Latency between the onset of drug-abusing and occurrence of the attacks was found to be at least 1 year in two cases and 3 years in the other three. 4 cases suffered from @entity4 with secondary generalization and one @entity0 had generalized @entity8 . Fits occurred rarely in all cases; one @entity0 had two episodes of partial status. Further research is required because there are few clinical reports in comparison with the experimental ones.

title: [ XXXX in drug dependence with special reference to the development of @entity2 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: 33 drug abusers were examined and all of them were addicts to several drugs and always to heroin. @entity1 occurred rather frequently. One @entity0 had @entity5 and angiography showed no @entity7 nor other pathology. @entity3 has been found in one case. 7 @entity0 (21,2%) developed @entity6 . @entity2 attacks were found in 5 cases (15,1%). Latency between the onset of drug-abusing and occurrence of the attacks was found to be at least 1 year in two cases and 3 years in the other three. 4 cases suffered from @entity4 with secondary generalization and one @entity0 had generalized @entity8 . Fits occurred rarely in all cases; one @entity0 had two episodes of partial status. Further research is required because there are few clinical reports in comparison with the experimental ones.

title: [ @entity1 in drug dependence with special reference to the development of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Recurrent transient @entity2 were evaluated clinically in four @entity0 . In three @entity0 , the symptoms included recurrent transient @entity10 , @entity5 and @entity9 of the left arm and leg, and recurrent sudden loss of speech and of strength in the right arm. In these three @entity0 , the episodes were first thought to be @entity3 ( @entity3 ). A fourth @entity0 had repeated confusional spells, in which a recurrent musical theme excluded other thoughts. This was associated with dizziness and difficulty in naming. A partial complex @entity4 was thought responsible. In each of the cases the symptoms lasted less than 30 minutes and were not associated with @entity8 , @entity1 , or stiff neck. Electroencephalogram (EEG), brain scan, lumbar puncture, and computed tomography (CT) scan were normal. In all @entity0 , cerebral arteriography unexpectedly revealed an @entity6 . The locations of the @entity7 were appropriate to the symptoms, which remitted in the three @entity0 treated surgically for the @entity7 . Although the pathophysiology is uncertain, an @entity3 process may be implicated.

title: XXXX presenting as recurrent transient @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Recurrent transient @entity2 were evaluated clinically in four @entity0 . In three @entity0 , the symptoms included recurrent transient @entity10 , @entity5 and @entity9 of the left arm and leg, and recurrent sudden loss of speech and of strength in the right arm. In these three @entity0 , the episodes were first thought to be @entity3 ( @entity3 ). A fourth @entity0 had repeated confusional spells, in which a recurrent musical theme excluded other thoughts. This was associated with dizziness and difficulty in naming. A partial complex @entity4 was thought responsible. In each of the cases the symptoms lasted less than 30 minutes and were not associated with @entity8 , @entity1 , or stiff neck. Electroencephalogram (EEG), brain scan, lumbar puncture, and computed tomography (CT) scan were normal. In all @entity0 , cerebral arteriography unexpectedly revealed an @entity6 . The locations of the @entity7 were appropriate to the symptoms, which remitted in the three @entity0 treated surgically for the @entity7 . Although the pathophysiology is uncertain, an @entity3 process may be implicated.

title: @entity6 presenting as recurrent transient XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 23-year-old female presented with severe @entity3 in the 23rd week of pregnancy. Investigations showed plasma @entity4 770 nmol/l (08.00 h) and 850 nmol/l (23.00 h); plasma ACTH was 10 ng/l (08.00 h) and 27 ng/l (23.00 h); urinary free @entity4 excretion was 2460 nmol/24 h. @entity1 2 mg 6-hourly for 48 h suppressed the 08.00 h plasma @entity4 only to 680 nmol/l. Abdominal C.T. scan showed a right @entity2 . The @entity0 was treated with @entity5 and a good clinical improvement ensued. Plasma @entity4 was reduced to 300-500 nmol/l. Depsite ultrasonographic evidence of normal fetal growth, urinary @entity6 excretion was markedly deficient. Prior to the spontaneous onset of labour, there was a marked rise in plasma @entity4 despite continuous @entity5 treatment. A normal female @entity0 was born at 37 weeks' gestation. The maternal @entity2 was subsequently removed. The deficiency of @entity6 synthesis during the pregnancy may be explained by @entity5 -induced inhibition of C19-hydroxylation.

title: @entity3 in pregnancy--treatment with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: A 23-year-old female presented with severe @entity3 in the 23rd week of pregnancy. Investigations showed plasma @entity4 770 nmol/l (08.00 h) and 850 nmol/l (23.00 h); plasma ACTH was 10 ng/l (08.00 h) and 27 ng/l (23.00 h); urinary free @entity4 excretion was 2460 nmol/24 h. @entity1 2 mg 6-hourly for 48 h suppressed the 08.00 h plasma @entity4 only to 680 nmol/l. Abdominal C.T. scan showed a right @entity2 . The @entity0 was treated with @entity5 and a good clinical improvement ensued. Plasma @entity4 was reduced to 300-500 nmol/l. Depsite ultrasonographic evidence of normal fetal growth, urinary @entity6 excretion was markedly deficient. Prior to the spontaneous onset of labour, there was a marked rise in plasma @entity4 despite continuous @entity5 treatment. A normal female @entity0 was born at 37 weeks' gestation. The maternal @entity2 was subsequently removed. The deficiency of @entity6 synthesis during the pregnancy may be explained by @entity5 -induced inhibition of C19-hydroxylation.

title: XXXX in pregnancy--treatment with @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Simultaneous kinetic studies of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and T3 were performed in 15 healthy controls (8 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 ), 7 @entity2 @entity0 (2 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 ), and 6 @entity1 @entity0 using the single injection, noncompartmental approach. The serum concentrations (picomoles per liter), MCRs (liters . day-1 . (70 kg)-1), and production rates (PRs; nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1) of @entity3 in healthy @entity0 and @entity0 were (mean +/- SD): 100 +/- 23 vs. 80 +/- 23 (P = NS), 59 +/- 31 vs. 123 +/- 58 (P less than 0.025), and 5.6 +/- 1.9 vs. 9.1 +/- 2.6 (P less than 0.02). The conversion rate (CR) of T3 to @entity3 was 12.0 +/- 3.8% in @entity0 compared to 18.5 +/- 3.7% in @entity0 (P less than 0.01). Serum @entity3 levels in five mildly @entity2 @entity0 were elevated to 123 +/- 33 pmol/liter (P less than 0.05), whereas the MCR and PR were unchanged. However, two @entity2 @entity0 with more pronounced elevation of serum T3 had enhanced PRs (26.9 and 23.9 nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1). The CR in @entity2 @entity0 was significantly reduced to 5.6 +/- 2.9% (P less than 0.001). The serum levels, MCR, and PR of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 were: 58 +/- 25 pmol/liter (P = NS), 71 +/- 52 liters . day-1 . (70 kg)-1 (P = NS), and 3.4 +/- 2.4 nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1 (P less than 0.005). The CR was enhanced to 34.8 +/- 15.7% (P less than 0.05). Our data demonstrate that in euthyroid subjects, approximately 15% of T3 is deiodinated to @entity3 , and this 5'-deiodination of T3 is influenced by thyroid function.

title: Simultaneous measurement of XXXX and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine turnover kinetics in @entity2 , and @entity1 subjects.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Simultaneous kinetic studies of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and T3 were performed in 15 healthy controls (8 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 ), 7 @entity2 @entity0 (2 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 ), and 6 @entity1 @entity0 using the single injection, noncompartmental approach. The serum concentrations (picomoles per liter), MCRs (liters . day-1 . (70 kg)-1), and production rates (PRs; nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1) of @entity3 in healthy @entity0 and @entity0 were (mean +/- SD): 100 +/- 23 vs. 80 +/- 23 (P = NS), 59 +/- 31 vs. 123 +/- 58 (P less than 0.025), and 5.6 +/- 1.9 vs. 9.1 +/- 2.6 (P less than 0.02). The conversion rate (CR) of T3 to @entity3 was 12.0 +/- 3.8% in @entity0 compared to 18.5 +/- 3.7% in @entity0 (P less than 0.01). Serum @entity3 levels in five mildly @entity2 @entity0 were elevated to 123 +/- 33 pmol/liter (P less than 0.05), whereas the MCR and PR were unchanged. However, two @entity2 @entity0 with more pronounced elevation of serum T3 had enhanced PRs (26.9 and 23.9 nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1). The CR in @entity2 @entity0 was significantly reduced to 5.6 +/- 2.9% (P less than 0.001). The serum levels, MCR, and PR of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 were: 58 +/- 25 pmol/liter (P = NS), 71 +/- 52 liters . day-1 . (70 kg)-1 (P = NS), and 3.4 +/- 2.4 nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1 (P less than 0.005). The CR was enhanced to 34.8 +/- 15.7% (P less than 0.05). Our data demonstrate that in euthyroid subjects, approximately 15% of T3 is deiodinated to @entity3 , and this 5'-deiodination of T3 is influenced by thyroid function.

title: Simultaneous measurement of @entity3 and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine turnover kinetics in XXXX , and @entity1 subjects.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Simultaneous kinetic studies of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and T3 were performed in 15 healthy controls (8 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 ), 7 @entity2 @entity0 (2 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 ), and 6 @entity1 @entity0 using the single injection, noncompartmental approach. The serum concentrations (picomoles per liter), MCRs (liters . day-1 . (70 kg)-1), and production rates (PRs; nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1) of @entity3 in healthy @entity0 and @entity0 were (mean +/- SD): 100 +/- 23 vs. 80 +/- 23 (P = NS), 59 +/- 31 vs. 123 +/- 58 (P less than 0.025), and 5.6 +/- 1.9 vs. 9.1 +/- 2.6 (P less than 0.02). The conversion rate (CR) of T3 to @entity3 was 12.0 +/- 3.8% in @entity0 compared to 18.5 +/- 3.7% in @entity0 (P less than 0.01). Serum @entity3 levels in five mildly @entity2 @entity0 were elevated to 123 +/- 33 pmol/liter (P less than 0.05), whereas the MCR and PR were unchanged. However, two @entity2 @entity0 with more pronounced elevation of serum T3 had enhanced PRs (26.9 and 23.9 nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1). The CR in @entity2 @entity0 was significantly reduced to 5.6 +/- 2.9% (P less than 0.001). The serum levels, MCR, and PR of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 were: 58 +/- 25 pmol/liter (P = NS), 71 +/- 52 liters . day-1 . (70 kg)-1 (P = NS), and 3.4 +/- 2.4 nmol . day-1 . (70 kg)-1 (P less than 0.005). The CR was enhanced to 34.8 +/- 15.7% (P less than 0.05). Our data demonstrate that in euthyroid subjects, approximately 15% of T3 is deiodinated to @entity3 , and this 5'-deiodination of T3 is influenced by thyroid function.

title: Simultaneous measurement of @entity3 and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine turnover kinetics in @entity2 , and XXXX subjects.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The outcome of surgically resected, apparently localized, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if cell cycle progression (CCP) gene expression can predict future @entity1 . METHODS: Pathologic T2a-T3b @entity2 at University of (X) were reviewed. @entity0 with known or suspected @entity1 , lymph node involvement or who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant radiation, chemotherapy or immunotherapy were excluded. Case and control cohorts were defined as those who did or did not develop @entity1 within 5 years. Measured levels of 31 cell cycle genes and 15 control genes from the @entity2 were calculated as a CCP score. Additionally, gene expression data for a separate @entity3 cohort was downloaded from The @entity2 (TCGA). RESULTS: Univariate analysis of 26 cases and 38 controls revealed that the CCP score predicted progression to @entity1 (OR 2.65, p = 0.0091). In multivariate logistic regression modeling, CCP expression remained a significant independent predictor for progression (p = 0.026). The CCP score was also significantly associated with distant @entity1 in the @entity2 cohort in both univariate (p = 1.0 * 10-9) and multivariate (p = 5.6 * 10-3) analysis. CONCLUSION: The CCP score has prognostic value in predicting metastatic progression after resection of organ-confined @entity3 .

title: Cell cycle progression score predicts metastatic progression of XXXX after resection.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The interatrial septum (IAS) has not been readily appreciated by M-mode echocardiography, but cross-sectional echocardiography has the capability of recording the shape and location of the IAS. Thirty-five @entity0 with secundum @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were studied with cross-sectional echocardiography for detection of the @entity1 defect and demonstration of the IAS features following @entity1 closure. The @entity1 was shown as an echo dropout at the mid-portion of the septum in those @entity0 examined in the present study in the horizontal cross-sections at the fourth intercostal space. The edge of the remaining IAS sharply demarcated and the defect was constantly demonstrated. In the postoperative @entity0 , the IAS was recognized as a smooth series of echoes and the defect was no longer recognized. A notch echo was demonstrated in @entity0 who underwent direct suture of the defect, and two notch echoes were recorded in @entity0 who had a patch closure from a cardiac operation. The size of the defect at cardiac operation ranged from 1.5 to 5.0 cm with an average of 3.3 +/- 0.2 cm. The defect was slightly smaller on cross-sectional echocardiograms than at the time of operation. As the defect grew larger, the right ventricular dimension and the Qp/Qs became larger as well. Postoperatively, the right ventricular dimension was remarkably decreased, and the paradoxical movement of the interventricular septum (IVS) was normalized in the majority of the @entity0 . Cross-sectional echocardiography is useful to diagnose @entity1 , to measure the size of the IAS defect, and to follow the clinical course.

title: Cross-sectional echocardiographic study on XXXX : pre- and postoperative considerations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are few studies of the incidence and clinical characteristics of @entity11 ( @entity11 ) in @entity8 @entity0 , and the findings have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to retrospectively assess the incidence, clinical presentation, surgical management and postoperative complications of @entity11 in @entity8 @entity0 . METHODS: A database was specifically designed to collect clinical, therapeutic, prognostic and histological information about @entity8 @entity0 . Using multivariate logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to identify associated factors. RESULTS: A total of 2021 @entity8 @entity0 were recruited. 97 (4.8%) @entity0 had @entity11 . The incidence of @entity11 was 10.11% in @entity0 with @entity12 , and 0.36% in @entity0 with microadenoma. Variables for the logistic regression model independently associated with @entity11 were sex (male vs. female, OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.59~4.07), @entity1 type (negative staining vs. positive staining, OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.29~3.23), and @entity1 size (macroadenoma vs. microadenoma, OR = 26.46, 95% CI = 9.66~72.46). @entity4 were the most common symptoms in @entity0 with @entity8 . @entity0 with and without @entity11 had similar frequency of @entity4 , @entity6 , acromegalic appearance, @entity13 , cold intolerance and Cushingoid appearance, but @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity3 and @entity10 were significantly more common in @entity0 with @entity11 . Pearson Chi-Square tests revealed a significant difference in surgical approach between @entity0 with and without @entity11 (95.88% vs. 85.57%, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that @entity11 is not a rare event. Male sex, @entity1 , and macroadenoma are associated with an increased risk of @entity11 . Compared with @entity8 @entity0 without @entity11 , @entity0 with @entity11 have more severe symptoms.

title: Incidence of Pituitary Apoplexy and Its Risk Factors in Chinese @entity0 : A Database Study of @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are few studies of the incidence and clinical characteristics of @entity11 ( @entity11 ) in @entity8 @entity0 , and the findings have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to retrospectively assess the incidence, clinical presentation, surgical management and postoperative complications of @entity11 in @entity8 @entity0 . METHODS: A database was specifically designed to collect clinical, therapeutic, prognostic and histological information about @entity8 @entity0 . Using multivariate logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to identify associated factors. RESULTS: A total of 2021 @entity8 @entity0 were recruited. 97 (4.8%) @entity0 had @entity11 . The incidence of @entity11 was 10.11% in @entity0 with @entity12 , and 0.36% in @entity0 with microadenoma. Variables for the logistic regression model independently associated with @entity11 were sex (male vs. female, OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.59~4.07), @entity1 type (negative staining vs. positive staining, OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.29~3.23), and @entity1 size (macroadenoma vs. microadenoma, OR = 26.46, 95% CI = 9.66~72.46). @entity4 were the most common symptoms in @entity0 with @entity8 . @entity0 with and without @entity11 had similar frequency of @entity4 , @entity6 , acromegalic appearance, @entity13 , cold intolerance and Cushingoid appearance, but @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity3 and @entity10 were significantly more common in @entity0 with @entity11 . Pearson Chi-Square tests revealed a significant difference in surgical approach between @entity0 with and without @entity11 (95.88% vs. 85.57%, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that @entity11 is not a rare event. Male sex, @entity1 , and macroadenoma are associated with an increased risk of @entity11 . Compared with @entity8 @entity0 without @entity11 , @entity0 with @entity11 have more severe symptoms.

title: Incidence of Pituitary Apoplexy and Its Risk Factors in Chinese XXXX : A Database Study of @entity0 with @entity8 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are few studies of the incidence and clinical characteristics of @entity11 ( @entity11 ) in @entity8 @entity0 , and the findings have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to retrospectively assess the incidence, clinical presentation, surgical management and postoperative complications of @entity11 in @entity8 @entity0 . METHODS: A database was specifically designed to collect clinical, therapeutic, prognostic and histological information about @entity8 @entity0 . Using multivariate logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to identify associated factors. RESULTS: A total of 2021 @entity8 @entity0 were recruited. 97 (4.8%) @entity0 had @entity11 . The incidence of @entity11 was 10.11% in @entity0 with @entity12 , and 0.36% in @entity0 with microadenoma. Variables for the logistic regression model independently associated with @entity11 were sex (male vs. female, OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.59~4.07), @entity1 type (negative staining vs. positive staining, OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.29~3.23), and @entity1 size (macroadenoma vs. microadenoma, OR = 26.46, 95% CI = 9.66~72.46). @entity4 were the most common symptoms in @entity0 with @entity8 . @entity0 with and without @entity11 had similar frequency of @entity4 , @entity6 , acromegalic appearance, @entity13 , cold intolerance and Cushingoid appearance, but @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity3 and @entity10 were significantly more common in @entity0 with @entity11 . Pearson Chi-Square tests revealed a significant difference in surgical approach between @entity0 with and without @entity11 (95.88% vs. 85.57%, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that @entity11 is not a rare event. Male sex, @entity1 , and macroadenoma are associated with an increased risk of @entity11 . Compared with @entity8 @entity0 without @entity11 , @entity0 with @entity11 have more severe symptoms.

title: Incidence of Pituitary Apoplexy and Its Risk Factors in Chinese @entity0 : A Database Study of XXXX with @entity8 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of fixed @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is challenging. OBJECTIVE: To introduce a modified technique to reduce fixed @entity1 and @entity2 through a posterior approach. METHODS: From 2007 to 2013, 174 @entity0 with fixed @entity1 and @entity2 underwent surgical reduction by posterior atlantoaxial facet joint release and fixation technique. RESULTS: There was 1 death in the series, and 3 @entity0 were lost to follow-up. The follow-up period ranged from 12 to 52 months (mean: 35.2 months) for the remaining 170 @entity0 . Neurological improvement was observed in 168 of 170 @entity0 (98.8%), and was stable in 1 (0.06%) and exacerbated in 1 (0.06%), with the Japanese Orthopedic Association scores increasing from 11.4 preoperatively to 15.8 postoperatively (P < .01). Radiologically, complete or >90% reduction was attained in 107 @entity0 (62.9%), 60% to 90% reduction was attained in 51 @entity0 (30%), and <50% reduction was attained in 12 @entity0 (7.1%), who underwent additional transoral decompression. Complete decompression was demonstrated in all 170 @entity0 . Solid bony fusion was demonstrated in 167 @entity0 at follow-up (98.2%). CONCLUSION: This series showed the safety and efficacy of the posterior C1-2 facet joint release and reduction technique for the treatment of @entity1 and @entity2 . Most fixed @entity1 and @entity2 cases are reducible via this method. In most cases, this method avoids transoral odontoidectomy and cervical traction. Compared with the occiput-C2 screw method, this short-segment C1-2 technique exerts less antireduction shearing force, guarantees longer bone purchase, and provides more immediate stabilization. ABBREVIATIONS: @entity1 , @entity3 , anterior atlantodens intervalBI, basilar invaginationC1LM, C1 lateral massCVJ, craniovertebral junctionJOA, Japanese Orthopedic AssociationVA, vertebral artery.

title: Posterior Reduction of Fixed XXXX and Basilar Invagination by Atlantoaxial Facet Joint Release and Fixation: A Modified Technique With 174 Cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this work was to formulate chitosan (CS)-based nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with @entity1 (KT) intended for topical ocular delivery. NPs were prepared using ionic gelation method incorporating @entity3 ( @entity4 ) as cross-linker. Following the preparation, the composition of the system was optimized in terms of their particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE) and morphology, as well as performing structural characterization studies using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The data suggested that the size of the NPs was affected by CS/ @entity4 ratio where the diameter of the NPs ranged from 108.0        2.4   nm to 257.2        18.6   nm. A correlation between drug EE and the corresponding drug concentration added to the formulation was observed, where the EE of the NPs increased with increasing drug concentration, for up to 10   mg/mL. FT-IR and DSC revealed that KT was dispersed within the NPs where the @entity2 groups of @entity4 were associated with the @entity0 groups of CS. The in vitro release profile of KT from CS NPs showed significant differences (p   <   0.05) compared to KT solution. Furthermore, mucoadhesion studies revealed adhesive properties of the formulated NPs. The KT-loaded NPs were found to be stable when stored at different storage conditions for a period of 3 months. The ex vivo corneal permeation studies performed on excised porcine eye balls confirmed the ability of NPs in retaining the drug on the eye surface for a relatively longer time. These results demonstrate the potential of CS-based NPs for the ocular delivery of KT.

title: Formulation and corneal permeation of XXXX -loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: to figure out if there are differences in access to @entity2 services between Italian and immigrant paediatric populations. DESIGN: we analysed the data of the year 2012 from the Banca dati del disagio psichico, a database on @entity5 created by the Epidemiological Unit of the Local Health Unit Milan 1 (Lombardy, Northern Italy). The database is based on a data warehouse system that integrates health and social data, and gives the opportunity to calculate the prevalence rates of the main clusters of @entity2 according to ICD-10 categories. SETTING AND @entity0 : the sample includes 162,197 residents younger than 18 years (minors), divided into 4 subgroups depending on the place of birth (Italy or abroad) and citizenship (Italian or foreign). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: we calculated the standardised treated prevalence of the 11 clusters of @entity6 in the 4 subgroups and evaluated the Standardised Prevalence Ratio (SPR) and their confidence intervals using as reference the Italian paediatric population with Italian citizenship. RESULTS: in 2012, 7.2%minors were diagnosed a @entity6 or accessed mental health services or were prescribed psychotropic medicines. We found the lowest SPRs of @entity2 illnesses in immigrants (0.91 born in Italy; 0.74 born abroad) and the higher in Italians born in foreign Countries (1.34). In particular, migrant minors born in Italy have lower SPR of @entity4 (0.84) and @entity1 (0.68), but higher SPR of @entity6 (1.52) and @entity3 (1.36). Migrant minors born abroad have lower SPR of @entity4 (0.52), but higher rates of @entity6 (1.30). Italians born in foreign Countries show a SPR for @entity7 and @entity6 of 4.86 and 2.02, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: immigrant minors have a lower prevalence of @entity2 than Italian minors; however, Italians born in foreign Countries show a higher prevalence of @entity2 .

title: [Analysis of XXXX between the paediatric population immigrant and resident in a Local Health Unit of Milan Province (Northern Italy)].

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity8 are at increased risk for @entity2 that may result in major clinical disability and @entity3 . Identification of risk factors involved in the genesis of @entity7 events related to this disease may lead to improved therapeutic decision making and outcomes. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess the prevalence of @entity1 cerebrovascular events (ICE) among @entity0 with @entity4 and to identify the risk factors associated with cardioembolism in this population. METHODS: This study involved 330 @entity0 , 193 were @entity0 (58%), with a mean age of 49    12 years with @entity8 classified in the chronic cardiac form of the disease. Comprehensive echocardiography was performed to search a substrate for cardioembolic events, especially apical @entity5 and intracavitary @entity6 . RESULTS: Most of the @entity0 were classified as New York Heart Association classes I or II (75%) with mean left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction of 39    14%. Sixty-seven @entity0 had a previous ICE with the overall prevalence of 20%. @entity5 were detected in 128 @entity0 (39%), whereas LV mural thrombi were found in 48 @entity0 (15%). In multivariate analysis including the potential predictors of ICE, apical @entity5 (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 2.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11 to 4.34; p  = 0.024) and LV @entity6 (adjusted OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.09 to 5.42; p  = 0.030) emerged as important determinants of ICE, after adjusting for anticoagulation therapy. CONCLUSIONS: In a selected population referred to a tertiary center for @entity8 that included @entity0 with different severities of @entity4 , the prevalence of ICE was 20%. The presence of apical @entity5 and intracavitary @entity6 were independently associated with ICE, after adjustment for other risk factors for @entity2 .

title: Prevalence and Risk Factors of Embolic Cerebrovascular Events Associated With XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sleep dysfunction is extremely common in @entity0 with @entity3 . Recent research indicates that @entity1 may contribute to @entity5 experiences such as delusions and @entity7 . OBJECTIVES: The review aims to evaluate the evidence for a relationship between @entity1 and individual @entity5 experiences, make links between the theoretical understanding of each, and highlight areas for future research. METHOD: A systematic search was conducted to identify studies investigating sleep and @entity5 experiences across clinical and non-clinical populations. RESULTS: 66 papers were identified. This literature robustly supports the co-occurrence of @entity1 and @entity5 experiences, particularly @entity1 with @entity8 . Sleep dysfunction predicting subsequent @entity5 experiences receives support from epidemiological surveys, research on the transition to @entity5 , and relapse studies. There is also evidence that reducing sleep elicits @entity5 experiences in non-clinical individuals, and that improving sleep in individuals with @entity5 may lessen @entity5 experiences. @entity2 and @entity4 consistently arise as (partial) mediators of the sleep and @entity5 relationship. CONCLUSION: Studies are needed that: determine the types of @entity1 linked to individual @entity5 experiences; establish a causal connection between sleep and @entity5 experiences; and assess treatments for @entity1 in @entity0 with non-affective @entity6 such as @entity3 .

title: The role of XXXX in the occurrence of delusions and @entity7 : A systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sleep dysfunction is extremely common in @entity0 with @entity3 . Recent research indicates that @entity1 may contribute to @entity5 experiences such as delusions and @entity7 . OBJECTIVES: The review aims to evaluate the evidence for a relationship between @entity1 and individual @entity5 experiences, make links between the theoretical understanding of each, and highlight areas for future research. METHOD: A systematic search was conducted to identify studies investigating sleep and @entity5 experiences across clinical and non-clinical populations. RESULTS: 66 papers were identified. This literature robustly supports the co-occurrence of @entity1 and @entity5 experiences, particularly @entity1 with @entity8 . Sleep dysfunction predicting subsequent @entity5 experiences receives support from epidemiological surveys, research on the transition to @entity5 , and relapse studies. There is also evidence that reducing sleep elicits @entity5 experiences in non-clinical individuals, and that improving sleep in individuals with @entity5 may lessen @entity5 experiences. @entity2 and @entity4 consistently arise as (partial) mediators of the sleep and @entity5 relationship. CONCLUSION: Studies are needed that: determine the types of @entity1 linked to individual @entity5 experiences; establish a causal connection between sleep and @entity5 experiences; and assess treatments for @entity1 in @entity0 with non-affective @entity6 such as @entity3 .

title: The role of @entity1 in the occurrence of delusions and XXXX : A systematic review.

answer: @entity7


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) as a treatment for @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or as an adjunct to prolapse surgery. METHODS: Relevant literature sources were searched using databases including PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, EBSCO, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and CBM until 5 July 2015. Eligible studies were restricted to @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The available data were pooled using Review Manager version 5.2. For data deemed not appropriate for synthesis, a narrative overview was conducted. RESULTS: In total, 13 studies with 2,340 @entity0 were included. Our results indicated @entity0 receiving PFMT gained a greater improvement than controls in prolapse symptom score [mean difference (MD) -3.07, 95  % confidence interval (CI) -3.91 to -2.23] and @entity2 stages [risk ratio (RR) 1.70, 95  % CI 1.19-2.44]. The number of @entity0 who said their prolapse was getting better was higher (RR 5.48, 95  % CI 2.19-13.72) and other discomfort syndromes, such as vaginal, bladder, and rectum, were lower in the PFMT groups than in controls. Meanwhile, @entity0 after PFMT had greater improvement in muscle strength and endurance but did not show a significant difference for further treatment needs. In addition, the results evaluating PFMT as an adjunct to prolapse surgery were inconclusive because of the variability in methods of measuring outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Our meta-analysis demonstrated @entity0 who received PFMT showed a greater subjective improvement in prolapse symptoms and an objective improvement in @entity2 severity.

title: The efficacy of pelvic floor muscle training for XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are several situations in which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) might impact whether an cerebrovascular event is considered a new @entity2 . These include clinically non-focal events with positive imaging for acute @entity3 , and worsening of older symptoms without evidence of new @entity4 on MRI. We sought to investigate the impact of MRI on @entity2 detection and @entity2 incidence, by describing agreement between a strictly clinical definition of @entity2 and a definition based on physician opinion, including MRI imaging findings. METHODS: All hospitalized @entity2 that occurred in five Ohio and Northern Kentucky counties (population 1.3 million) in the calendar year of 2005 were identified using ICD-9 discharge codes 430-436. The two definitions used were: "clinical case definition" which included sudden onset focal neurologic symptoms referable to a vascular territory for >24  h, compared to the "best clinical judgment of the physician definition", which considers all relevant information, including neuroimaging findings. The 95  % confidence intervals (CI) for the incidence rates were calculated assuming a Poisson distribution. Rates were standardized to the 2000 U.S. population, adjusting for age, race, and sex, and included all age groups. RESULTS: There were 2403 @entity3 events in 2269 @entity0 ; 1556 (64  %) had MRI performed. Of the events, 2049 (83  %) were cases by both definitions, 185 (7.7  %) met the clinical case definition but were non-cases in the physician's opinion and 169 (7.0  %) were non-cases by clinical definition but were cases in the physician's opinion. There was no significant difference in the incidence rates of first-ever or total @entity1 @entity2 generated by the two different definitions, or when only those with MRI imaging were included. CONCLUSIONS: We found that MRI findings do not appear to substantially change @entity2 incidence estimates, as the strictly clinical definition of @entity2 did not significantly differ from a definition that included imaging findings. Including MRI in the case definition "rules out" almost the same number of @entity2 as it "rules in".

title: The impact of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) on XXXX and incidence: minimal impact within a population-based study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Twenty-nine @entity0 had simultaneous @entity2 of the uterine corpus and ovary. Three groups were defined on the basis of @entity2 histology: Group A: those with @entity5 in both the uterus and ovary; Group B: those with special variants of @entity4 (papillary, clear cell, mucinous) and identical @entity2 in the ovary; and Group C: those whose uterine and @entity3 were of dissimilar histologic types. Sixteen @entity0 had @entity5 in both sites. The median age at diagnosis, 41 years, was younger than is usual for @entity3 . For all 16 @entity0 , the grade of the @entity3 was similar to that of the @entity5 of the uterine corpus. Seven @entity0 had bilateral @entity3 . Only one @entity0 had myometrial invasion by the @entity4 . No @entity0 with simultaneous ovarian and uterine @entity5 , regardless of grade, has died of @entity2 although one vaginal relapse was treated successfully. This excellent survival of @entity0 with simultaneous @entity5 is better than would be expected for either @entity2 of the endometrium or @entity3 . These simultaneously occurring endometrioid @entity2 of ovary and endometrium are considered to be separate @entity2 . The morphologic reasons for this view and therapeutic implications are discussed. In contrast to the @entity0 with @entity5 , the eleven @entity0 with other histologic types of @entity4 in the ovary and corpus were older (median age, 61 years) and more often postmenopausal (90%). These @entity2 were more aggressive, with frequent deep myometrial involvement (63%), tubal involvement (27%), and extension to other pelvic tissues (36%) at the time of initial diagnosis. Six of these 11 @entity0 succumbed to their @entity2 despite surgical therapy and radiation. The distribution of @entity2 in some of these @entity0 with nonendometrioid types of @entity4 is suggestive of a single primary with @entity1 . The therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.

title: Simultaneous presentation of XXXX involving the ovary and the uterine corpus.

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: To describe the feasibility of image guided intensity modulated radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) using daily soft tissue matching in the treatment of @entity3 . METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity0 with muscle-invasive @entity3 were recruited to a protocol of definitive radiation using IMRT with accelerated hypofractionation with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Isotropic margins of .5 and 1  cm were used to generate the high risk and intermediate risk planning target volumes respectively. Cone beam CT (CBCT) was acquired daily and a soft tissue match was performed. Cystoscopy was scheduled 6  weeks post treatment. RESULTS: The median age was 83  years (range 58-92). Twenty @entity0 had @entity1 , and eight were stage IV. Gross disease received 66  Gy in 30 fractions in 11 @entity0 (ten with concurrent chemotherapy) or 55  Gy in 20 fractions for those of poorer performance status or with palliative intent. All @entity0 completed radiation treatment as planned. Three @entity0 ceased chemotherapy early due to @entity2 . Six @entity0 (21  %) had acute Grade   >=    2 genitourinary (GU) @entity2 and six (21  %) had acute Grade   >=    2 gastrointestinal (GI) @entity2 . Five @entity0 (18  %) developed Grade >= 2 late GU @entity2 and no >= 2 late GI @entity2 was observed. Nineteen @entity0 underwent cystoscopy following radiation, with complete response (CR) in 16 cases (86  %), including all @entity0 treated with chemoradiotherapy. Eight @entity0 relapsed, four of which were local relapses. Of the @entity0 with local recurrence, one underwent salvage cystectomy. For @entity0 treated with definitive intent, freedom from locoregional recurrence (FFLR) and overall survival (OS) was 90  %/100  % for chemoradiotherapy versus 86  %/69  % for radiotherapy alone. CONCLUSION: IG- IMRT using daily soft tissue matching is a feasible in the treatment of @entity3 , enabling the delivery of accelerated synchronous integrated boost with good early local control outcomes and low @entity2 .

title: Promising results with image guided intensity modulated radiotherapy for muscle invasive XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity3 can still develop after colectomy for @entity4 . However, data on this risk are scare, and there have been few conclusive findings, so no evidence-based recommendations have been made for postoperative surveillance. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence and incidence of and risk factors for @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 who have undergone colectomy, including the permanent-end @entity2 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and ileal pouch-anal @entity5 (IPAA) procedures. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library through May 2014 to identify studies that reported prevalence or incidence of @entity3 after colectomy or specifically assessed risk factors for @entity1 development. Studies were selected, quality was assessed, and data were extracted by 2 independent researchers. RESULTS: We calculated @entity3 ( @entity3 ) prevalence values from 13 studies of @entity0 who underwent rectal stump surgery, 35 studies of @entity5 , and 33 studies of IPAA. Significantly higher  proportions of @entity0 in the rectal stump group (2.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3%-3.0%) and in the @entity5 group (2.4%; 95% CI, 1.7%-3.0%) developed @entity3 than in the IPAA group (0.5%; 95% CI, 0.3%-0.6%); the odds ratio (OR) for @entity3 in the rectal stump or @entity5 groups compared with the IPAA group was 6.4 (95% CI, 4.3-9.5). A history of @entity3 was the most important risk factor for development of @entity3 after colectomy (OR for @entity0 receiving @entity5 , 12.8; 95% CI, 3.31-49.2 and OR for @entity0 receiving IPAA, 15.0; 95% CI, 6.6-34.5). CONCLUSIONS: In a meta-analysis of published studies, we found the prevalence and incidence of @entity3 after colectomy to be less than 3%; in @entity0 receiving IPAA it was less than 1%. Factors that increased risk of @entity1 development after colectomy included the presence of a residual rectum and a history of @entity3 . These findings could aid in development of individualized strategies for post-surgery surveillance.

title: @entity1 After Colectomy in @entity0 With XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity3 can still develop after colectomy for @entity4 . However, data on this risk are scare, and there have been few conclusive findings, so no evidence-based recommendations have been made for postoperative surveillance. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence and incidence of and risk factors for @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 who have undergone colectomy, including the permanent-end @entity2 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and ileal pouch-anal @entity5 (IPAA) procedures. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library through May 2014 to identify studies that reported prevalence or incidence of @entity3 after colectomy or specifically assessed risk factors for @entity1 development. Studies were selected, quality was assessed, and data were extracted by 2 independent researchers. RESULTS: We calculated @entity3 ( @entity3 ) prevalence values from 13 studies of @entity0 who underwent rectal stump surgery, 35 studies of @entity5 , and 33 studies of IPAA. Significantly higher  proportions of @entity0 in the rectal stump group (2.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3%-3.0%) and in the @entity5 group (2.4%; 95% CI, 1.7%-3.0%) developed @entity3 than in the IPAA group (0.5%; 95% CI, 0.3%-0.6%); the odds ratio (OR) for @entity3 in the rectal stump or @entity5 groups compared with the IPAA group was 6.4 (95% CI, 4.3-9.5). A history of @entity3 was the most important risk factor for development of @entity3 after colectomy (OR for @entity0 receiving @entity5 , 12.8; 95% CI, 3.31-49.2 and OR for @entity0 receiving IPAA, 15.0; 95% CI, 6.6-34.5). CONCLUSIONS: In a meta-analysis of published studies, we found the prevalence and incidence of @entity3 after colectomy to be less than 3%; in @entity0 receiving IPAA it was less than 1%. Factors that increased risk of @entity1 development after colectomy included the presence of a residual rectum and a history of @entity3 . These findings could aid in development of individualized strategies for post-surgery surveillance.

title: XXXX After Colectomy in @entity0 With @entity4 : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1