abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a frequently encountered @entity1 , especially in the elderly. We investigated predictive factors for surgical and functional outcomes after @entity2 ( @entity2 ) surgery. METHODS: All @entity0 with @entity4 treated by @entity2 between January 2012 and December 2014 were included in this study. All @entity0 were classified by symptom, clinical grade, time, location, @entity3 density, midline shift, and other characteristics. Pre- and postoperative CT evaluation was performed at 0, 3, and 6  months. Clinical grades were classified as described in Markwalder et al. Surgical and clinical outcomes were evaluated with the brain expansion rate and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Brain expansion rate was calculated as the ratio between post- and pre-operative @entity3 thickness. Recurrence was defined as the occurrence of symptoms and @entity3 on CT within 6  months. RESULTS: This study included 130 @entity0 over 2  years. Among the variable parameters, young age (<75), iso-density of @entity3 on CT, and short duration from symptom to surgery were correlated with good brain expansion. @entity0 with good brain expansion had fewer recurrences. In terms of mRS, young age, iso-density, and good clinical grade were correlated with good functional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be more aware of general conditions and medical problems, especially in elderly @entity0 . Membranectomy should be considered in @entity0 with a long duration of symptoms or hypo-dense @entity3 to promote good brain expansion and good mRS scores.

title: Preoperative predictive factors for surgical and functional outcomes in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: We prospectively evaluated the effects of preventive surgery for unruptured @entity1 on attention, executive function, learning and memory. METHODS: Between March 2012 and June 2013, 56 @entity0 were recruited for this study. Fifty-one @entity0 met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) age    <=65  years and (2) planned microsurgery or endovascular surgery for unruptured @entity1 . Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) preoperative intelligence quotient   <80 (n   =   3); (2) initial modified Rankin scale   >= 1 (n   =   1); (3) loss to follow-up (n   =   1). An auditory controlled continuous performance test (ACCPT), word-color test (WCT) and verbal learning test (VLT) were performed before and after (6  months) preventive surgery. RESULTS: ACCPT (attention), WCT (executive function) and VLT (learning and memory) scores did not change significantly between the pre- and postoperative evaluations. The ACCPT, WCT, total VLT scores (verbal learning) and delayed VLT scores (memory) did not differ significantly between @entity0 undergoing microsurgery and those undergoing endovascular surgery. However, ACCPT, WCT and delayed VLT scores decreased postoperatively in @entity0 with @entity2 on preoperative FLAIR images (OR 9.899, p   =   0.041; OR 11.421, p   =   0.006; OR 2.952, p   =   0.024, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Preventive surgery for unruptured @entity1 did not affect attention, executive function, learning or memory. However, @entity0 with @entity2 on FLAIR images might be prone to deficits in attention, executive function and memory postoperatively, whereas learning might not be affected.

title: Effects of preventive surgery for unruptured XXXX on attention, executive function, learning and memory: a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 is a frequently reported side-effect of adjuvant chemotherapy. A large number of animal studies has been performed to examine the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, however, definite conclusions from these studies are restricted due to differences in experimental set-up. We systematically investigated the effects of 6 cytotoxic agents on various neurobiological parameters. C57Bl/6J @entity0 were treated with @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity8 , or @entity9 . The animals were sacrificed 3 or 15 weeks after treatment and the effect on neurogenesis, blood vessel density, and neuroinflammation was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. None of the cytostatic agents tested affected neurogenesis (cell survival or cell proliferation). Blood vessel density was increased in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex 3 weeks after treatment with @entity6 and @entity3 compared with control animals. A decrease in the number of microglial cells was observed in the prefrontal cortex after treatment with @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity9 compared with control @entity0 . The observed decrease in microglia cells is indicative of @entity1 that occurred after treatment. Overall, the magnitude of the effects was relatively modest. Therefore, we conducted a similar study with @entity9 in @entity12 ; @entity4 /b knock out and wildtype FVB @entity0 . Animals were sacrificed 3 weeks after treatment and no notable effect was seen in hippocampal cell differentiation ( @entity11 ), microglia activation, or blood vessel density. Perhaps the FVB strain is more resistant to the @entity10 effects of @entity9 which makes this not the correct model to study the mechanism of chemotherapy-induced @entity2 .

title: Neurobiological changes by cytotoxic agents in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cerebral gray matter volume alterations in unilateral sudden @entity2 @entity0 within the acute period by the voxel-based morphometry method, and to determine if @entity1 is associated with regional gray matter alterations in unilateral sudden @entity2 @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective case study. SETTING: Tertiary class A teaching hospital. @entity0 : Thirty-nine @entity0 with left-side unilateral sudden @entity2 and 47 @entity0 with right-side unilateral sudden @entity2 . INTERVENTION: Diagnostic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: To compare the regional gray matter of unilateral sudden @entity2 @entity0 and healthy control @entity0 . RESULTS: Compared with control groups, @entity0 with left side unilateral sudden @entity2 had significant gray matter reductions in the right middle temporal gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus, whereas @entity0 with right side unilateral sudden @entity2 showed gray matter decreases in the left superior temporal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus. A significant negative correlation with the duration of the sudden @entity2 (R=-0.427, p=0.012 for left-side unilateral SSNHL and R=-0.412, p=0.013 for right-side unilateral SSNHL) was also found in these brain areas. There was no region with increased gray matter found in both groups of unilateral sudden @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that detectable decreased contralateral auditory cortical morphological changes have occurred in unilateral SSNHL @entity0 within the acute period by voxel-based morphometry methods. The gray matter volumes of these brain areas also perform a negative correlation with the duration of the disease, which suggests a gradual brain structural impairment after the progression of the disease.

title: Altered Contralateral Auditory Cortical Morphology in Unilateral Sudden XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We examined whether computer simulation predicts airway pressures after increments of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in @entity2 . DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective, nonrandomized comparative trial in an intensive care unit of a university hospital. @entity0 : Twelve consecutive @entity2 @entity0 . INTERVENTIONS. PEEP increments from 0 to 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 15 cm @entity3 . MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: A physiological profile comprising values for compliance, respiratory resistance and @entity1 elimination as a function of tidal volume was established from a recording of ordinary breaths prior to increments of PEEP. Airway pressures and CO(2 )elimination were measured 30 s after resetting, pressures also after 10 min. Values from simulation of the resetting, based on the profile, were compared to measured values. The profiles indicated vast differences in physiology between the 12 subjects. Errors of simulation of airway pressures were nonsignificant or trivial up to PEEP levels of 10 cm @entity3 (95% of errors <3 cm @entity3 ). After 10 min plateau pressure averaged 1.5 cm @entity3 lower than 30 s after resetting. At increments to PEEP 7.5, 10, and 15, @entity1 elimination fell by on average 4%, 8%, and 11%, respectively. As tidal volume and respiratory rate was unchanged this was not predicted. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of a simple lung model, simulation predicted effects of moderate increments of PEEP on airway pressures in @entity0 with complex physiology.

title: Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure increments can be predicted by computer simulation based on a physiological profile in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using questionnaires and accelerometers to measure physical activity and @entity1 among inpatient adults with @entity2 . METHODS: @entity0 completed a physical activity and sitting time questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Feasibility was assessed in terms of @entity0 engagement, self-reported ease/difficulty of completing study components, extreme self-report data values and adherence to accelerometer wear time criteria. Ease/difficulty ratings were examined by level of distress. RESULTS: 177 inpatients were invited to the study, 101 completed the questionnaires and 36 provided valid accelerometry data. @entity0 found it more difficult to complete sitting time and physical activity questionnaires than to wear the accelerometer during waking hours (z=3.787, p<0.001; z=2.824, p=0.005 respectively). No significant differences were found in ease/difficulty ratings by level of distress for any of the study components. Extreme values for self-reported sitting time were identified in 27% of @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Inpatient adults with @entity2 can engage with self-report and objective methods of measuring physical activity and @entity1 . They were initially less willing to participate in objective measurement, which may however be more feasible than self-report measures.

title: The Feasibility of Using Questionnaires and Accelerometers to Measure Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Inpatient Adults With XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to compare the ability of larvae of different species, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ), to regulate their @entity1 balance. Whole-body @entity0 content and @entity0 influx in the larvae of the three species, which were incubated in low- (0.02 mM), mid- (0.2 mM), and high- (2.0 mM) @entity0 artificial fresh water from embryonic stages, were compared. The @entity0 uptake kinetics were determined in @entity3 and @entity2 incubated in high- or low- @entity0 artificial fresh water. @entity0 content of both @entity3 and @entity4 acclimated to low- @entity0 media were significantly lower than those acclimated to mid- or high- @entity0 media. However, @entity0 contents of @entity2 in low-, mid-, and high- @entity0 groups showed no significant differences. In @entity2 , @entity0 influx in the low- @entity0 group was significantly higher than those of the mid- and high- @entity0 groups. In contrast, the @entity0 influx rate in the low- @entity0 group was significantly lower than those in the mid- and high- @entity0 groups in @entity3 and @entity4 . Compared to the high- @entity0 group, the low- @entity0 group of @entity2 showed a 13% increase in the maximal velocity (J(max)) and an 84% decrease in the Michaelis constant (K(m)) for @entity0 influx. Smaller changes, i.e., an 8% increase in J(max) and a 67% decrease in K(m), were found in @entity3 larvae. @entity2 possess a more effective @entity0 regulatory capacity than do @entity3 and @entity4 . Differences in the strategies for @entity0 balance may be associated with different development patterns and environments in which these fish naturally occur.

title: Comparisons of XXXX regulation in fish larvae.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lungs can distinguish active inflammatory disease from inactive cicatricial disease in @entity0 treated for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Twenty-eight @entity3 @entity0 with active @entity2 underwent a first HRCT examination immediately before standard immunosuppressive treatment and a second examination after clinical remission had been achieved. Lesions remaining after treatment were categorized as @entity1 and were compared with findings during active disease to see by what features active and cicatricial disease can be distinguished. During active disease 17 @entity0 had nodules/masses, 12 had ground-glass opacities, 6 had septal lines and 6 had non-septal lines. After treatment, ground-glass opacities had resolved completely. Nodules/masses had resolved in 8 @entity0 and had diminished in 7 @entity0 . Residual nodules were distinguished from nodules/masses in active disease by lack of cavitation and a diameter of mostly <15 mm. In one-third of @entity0 lines resolved, but in 8 instances new lines evolved during immunosuppression. During a follow-up period of a median 26.5 months (range 20.0-33.8), @entity0 with residual nodules or lines had no more relapses than @entity0 with completely cleared lungs. Treated @entity3 leaves substantial @entity1 . High-resolution CT does assist in the distinction between active and inactive lesions. Ground-glass opacities, cavitating nodules/masses and masses measuring more than 3 cm represent active disease ordinarily. Non-cavitary small nodules and septal or non-septal lines can be either active or cicatricial lesions. The nature of these lesions needs to be clarified by longitudinal observation.

title: Active disease and XXXX in treated @entity3 : an observational study using pulmonary high-resolution computed tomography.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lungs can distinguish active inflammatory disease from inactive cicatricial disease in @entity0 treated for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Twenty-eight @entity3 @entity0 with active @entity2 underwent a first HRCT examination immediately before standard immunosuppressive treatment and a second examination after clinical remission had been achieved. Lesions remaining after treatment were categorized as @entity1 and were compared with findings during active disease to see by what features active and cicatricial disease can be distinguished. During active disease 17 @entity0 had nodules/masses, 12 had ground-glass opacities, 6 had septal lines and 6 had non-septal lines. After treatment, ground-glass opacities had resolved completely. Nodules/masses had resolved in 8 @entity0 and had diminished in 7 @entity0 . Residual nodules were distinguished from nodules/masses in active disease by lack of cavitation and a diameter of mostly <15 mm. In one-third of @entity0 lines resolved, but in 8 instances new lines evolved during immunosuppression. During a follow-up period of a median 26.5 months (range 20.0-33.8), @entity0 with residual nodules or lines had no more relapses than @entity0 with completely cleared lungs. Treated @entity3 leaves substantial @entity1 . High-resolution CT does assist in the distinction between active and inactive lesions. Ground-glass opacities, cavitating nodules/masses and masses measuring more than 3 cm represent active disease ordinarily. Non-cavitary small nodules and septal or non-septal lines can be either active or cicatricial lesions. The nature of these lesions needs to be clarified by longitudinal observation.

title: Active disease and @entity1 in treated XXXX : an observational study using pulmonary high-resolution computed tomography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Gonadal function in the male @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was investigated during exposure to a @entity2 . Within 3 weeks of exposure to the @entity2 , FSH and @entity0 in the plasma significantly decreased, and subsequently immunoreactive (ir)-inhibin significantly decreased. Testicular contents of ir-inhibin and @entity0 , and pituitary contents of LH and FSH also significantly decreased by 3 weeks with regression of weight of testes, epididymis and seminal vesicles and sperm head count. Circulating LH varied but not significantly. Thereafter, all reproductive parameters and secretion of LH, FSH, ir-inhibin and @entity0 gradually recovered after 17 weeks of exposure even though animals continued to be subjected to the @entity2 . Plasma concentrations of @entity3 and inhibin pro-alphaC were detectable and were significantly decreased after 15 weeks of exposure to the short photoperiod, but their levels were still detectable. Immunopositive reaction of @entity4 and betaB subunits was found in Sertoli cells and Leydig cells in the regressed testes of animals subjected to short photoperiod as was also seen in animals before exposure to the short photoperiod. Although the spermatogenic cycle was suppressed like prepubertal animals, the present study showed that the testicular recovery, so-called refractoriness, is functionally different from the developing stage of immature animals, especially with regard to inhibin secretion. The present results showed that changes in FSH preceded changes in inhibin during the regression and recovery phases, indicating that FSH is a major regulatory factor of inhibin secretion in male @entity1 . The present study also demonstrated that regressed testes still secrete a small amount of bioactive inhibin during exposure to a short-photoperiod condition.

title: Inhibin secretion in the XXXX ( @entity1 ) testis during active and inactive states of spermatogenesis induced by the restriction of photoperiod.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Gonadal function in the male @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was investigated during exposure to a @entity2 . Within 3 weeks of exposure to the @entity2 , FSH and @entity0 in the plasma significantly decreased, and subsequently immunoreactive (ir)-inhibin significantly decreased. Testicular contents of ir-inhibin and @entity0 , and pituitary contents of LH and FSH also significantly decreased by 3 weeks with regression of weight of testes, epididymis and seminal vesicles and sperm head count. Circulating LH varied but not significantly. Thereafter, all reproductive parameters and secretion of LH, FSH, ir-inhibin and @entity0 gradually recovered after 17 weeks of exposure even though animals continued to be subjected to the @entity2 . Plasma concentrations of @entity3 and inhibin pro-alphaC were detectable and were significantly decreased after 15 weeks of exposure to the short photoperiod, but their levels were still detectable. Immunopositive reaction of @entity4 and betaB subunits was found in Sertoli cells and Leydig cells in the regressed testes of animals subjected to short photoperiod as was also seen in animals before exposure to the short photoperiod. Although the spermatogenic cycle was suppressed like prepubertal animals, the present study showed that the testicular recovery, so-called refractoriness, is functionally different from the developing stage of immature animals, especially with regard to inhibin secretion. The present results showed that changes in FSH preceded changes in inhibin during the regression and recovery phases, indicating that FSH is a major regulatory factor of inhibin secretion in male @entity1 . The present study also demonstrated that regressed testes still secrete a small amount of bioactive inhibin during exposure to a short-photoperiod condition.

title: Inhibin secretion in the @entity1 ( XXXX ) testis during active and inactive states of spermatogenesis induced by the restriction of photoperiod.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Cell surfaces of aggregation, adherence, and hydrophilic variants of @entity3 were compared with cell surfaces of the parent strain with regard to their protein and antigenic constituents. Cell surface molecules were released by digestion with mutanolysin. Extraction with @entity6 ( @entity0 ) @entity4 , @entity8 , and boiling water did not solubilize any material which stained with @entity7 in an @entity0 - @entity5 gel electrophoresis gel. The parent organism @entity3 12, which aggregates in saliva, adheres to saliva-coated @entity2 and is hydrophobic, was found to possess a prominently staining 160,000 molecular weight (MW) protein. This protein was almost completely absent from strain 12na, a hydrophobic nonaggregating variant, and was completely absent from the hydrophilic nonaggregating strain 12L. Trypsinization of strain 12 resulted in the coincident loss of the 160,000-MW protein and the ability to aggregate in saliva. Trypsin treatment reduced but did not eliminate the hydrophobic character of the cells. Boiling destroyed their ability to aggregate, but did not alter their hydrophobicity. Cell wall digests of strain 12 contained a number of proteins which were absent from strains 12na and 12L. Mutanolysin digests of cell walls of the hydrophilic strains contained almost no material that was visible in a @entity1 -stained @entity0 - @entity5 gel electrophoresis gel. Culture supernatants contained a number of proteins which were immunologically cross-reactive with cell surface proteins. The hydrophilic organisms released a number of 60,000- to 90,000-MW proteins not seen in culture supernatants from the parent strain.

title: Cell surface components of XXXX : relationship to aggregation, adherence, and hydrophobicity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We have screened 22 @entity1 -derived cell lines and one normal urothelium-derived cell line for genome-wide copy number changes using array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). Comparison of @entity2 with existing multiplex-fluorescence in situ hybridization ( @entity3 ) results revealed excellent concordance. Regions of gain and loss were defined more accurately by @entity2 , and several small regions of deletion were detected that were not identified by @entity3 . Numerous genetic changes were identified, many of which were compatible with previous results from conventional CGH and loss of heterozygosity analyses on @entity1 . The most frequent changes involved complete or partial loss of 4q (83%) and gain of 20q (78%). Other frequent losses were of 18q (65%), 8p (65%), 2q (61%), 6q (61%), 3p (56%), 13q (56%), 4p (52%), 6p (52%), 10p (52%), 10q (52%) and 5p (43%). We have refined the localization of a region of deletion at 8p21.2-p21.3 to an interval of approximately 1 Mb. Five homozygous deletions of @entity0 suppressor genes were confirmed, and several potentially novel homozygous deletions were identified. In all, 15 high-level amplifications were detected, with a previously reported amplification at 6p22.3 being the most frequent. Real-time PCR analysis revealed a novel candidate gene with consistent overexpression in all cell lines with the 6p22.3 amplicon.

title: High-resolution analysis of genomic copy number alterations in XXXX by microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Bacteria and viruses are suspected to induce @entity6 ; however, most investigators have focused on coincidences rather than causal relationships. The aim of this work was to establish a @entity2 model in which the vessel reaction to local perivascular injection of defined bacterial products can be analyzed. A total of 23 @entity2 were randomized to four groups. Groups A and B were fed a normal diet, groups C and D were fed a @entity3 -enriched diet. Groups A and C were treated with a single perivascular injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) placed next to auricular, carotid and femoral arteries, and @entity5 placed next to the contralateral arteries (control). Group B and D animals were treated with repeated perivascular injections over 90 days. Vascular tissues (n=116 treated segments of 23 @entity2 ) were analyzed using morphometry at histology, and using immunohistochemistry to detect macrophages, lymphocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. LPS treatment resulted in transient focal intima thickening. After single LPS application, no increase in @entity1 formation was observed in comparison with controls (group C, lesion area index 0.031+/-0.012 vs 0.015+/-0.006, P=1.0). Repeated LPS application resulted in significant @entity1 formation compared with saline control (group D, lesion area index 0.148+/-0.049 vs 0.008+/-0.006, P=0.003) in @entity4 @entity2 . @entity0 in normocholesterolemic did not lead to @entity1 formation (intima media ratio 0.04+/-0.01 vs 0.04+/-0.007, P=1.0). Single perivascular administration of low-dose bacterial LPS resulted in transient focal intimal thickening, while significant increase in lesion formation occurred after repeated LPS application in @entity3 -fed animals. In conclusion, this animal model will allow the assessment of the impact of defined dosages of different bacterial pathogens onto the vascular wall in the context of atherogenesis. The @entity1 -promoting effect of repeated perivascular administration of LPS supports the hypothesis that bacterial pathogens may be involved in atherogenesis.

title: Recurrent @entity0 induced by lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) results in the formation of XXXX in vivo.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Bacteria and viruses are suspected to induce @entity6 ; however, most investigators have focused on coincidences rather than causal relationships. The aim of this work was to establish a @entity2 model in which the vessel reaction to local perivascular injection of defined bacterial products can be analyzed. A total of 23 @entity2 were randomized to four groups. Groups A and B were fed a normal diet, groups C and D were fed a @entity3 -enriched diet. Groups A and C were treated with a single perivascular injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) placed next to auricular, carotid and femoral arteries, and @entity5 placed next to the contralateral arteries (control). Group B and D animals were treated with repeated perivascular injections over 90 days. Vascular tissues (n=116 treated segments of 23 @entity2 ) were analyzed using morphometry at histology, and using immunohistochemistry to detect macrophages, lymphocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. LPS treatment resulted in transient focal intima thickening. After single LPS application, no increase in @entity1 formation was observed in comparison with controls (group C, lesion area index 0.031+/-0.012 vs 0.015+/-0.006, P=1.0). Repeated LPS application resulted in significant @entity1 formation compared with saline control (group D, lesion area index 0.148+/-0.049 vs 0.008+/-0.006, P=0.003) in @entity4 @entity2 . @entity0 in normocholesterolemic did not lead to @entity1 formation (intima media ratio 0.04+/-0.01 vs 0.04+/-0.007, P=1.0). Single perivascular administration of low-dose bacterial LPS resulted in transient focal intimal thickening, while significant increase in lesion formation occurred after repeated LPS application in @entity3 -fed animals. In conclusion, this animal model will allow the assessment of the impact of defined dosages of different bacterial pathogens onto the vascular wall in the context of atherogenesis. The @entity1 -promoting effect of repeated perivascular administration of LPS supports the hypothesis that bacterial pathogens may be involved in atherogenesis.

title: Recurrent XXXX induced by lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) results in the formation of @entity1 in vivo.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: The benefits of postoperative wound drainage in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with regards to mobilisation and wound healing were studied. We wanted to determine the efficacy of an autologous blood retransfusion system. METHOD: 150 @entity0 with @entity2 were divided into three groups of 50 @entity0 : A) three wound drainages with an autotransfusion system and suction; B) no wound drainage; C) one intraarticular wound drainage without suction. Hemoglobin values, blood transfusion requirements, @entity1 , postoperative range of motion, Insall knee score and rate of complications were observed and recorded. All @entity0 were operated without tourniquets for lower @entity1 . RESULTS: In the group of @entity0 with wound drainage and a retransfusion system the requirement of postoperative additional blood transfusion was not significantly less than in the group without wound drainage. Group A had the highest @entity1 of all. The group without wound drainage had more @entity4 and @entity3 . Best results were observed within the group with one intraarticular drainage without suction. The rate of complications was not increased and the blood transfusion requirements were the lowest. CONCLUSION: This study shows that total knee replacement involving one intraarticular wound drainage without suction attains the best results.

title: [Relevance of wound drainage in XXXX --a prospective comparative study].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Peripheral and central oculomotor organization was studied in the @entity2 . The sizes of the extraocular muscles were quantified by counting the fibers contained in a given muscle and by area measurements of the cross-sectional surfaces. All the muscles were of approximately similar size. Kinematics were determined by electrical stimulation of a given muscle. The macroscopic appearance and kinematics of the muscles had the characteristics of other lateral-eyed animals (e.g., @entity1 ). Locations of extraocular motor neurons were found by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) following injections into individual extraocular muscles. The eye muscles were innervated by four ipsilateral (lateral rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus) and two contralateral (superior rectus, superior oblique) motor neuron pools. The oculomotor nucleus was found in the midbrain, at the level of the caudal zone of the @entity0 . Inferior rectus motor neurons were located rostrally in the oculomotor nucleus, whereas medial rectus, superior rectus, and inferior oblique motor neurons were intermingled in its more caudal portions. All labelled cells were located dorsally and medially to the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in close proximity to either the floor of the ventricle or the midline region. Occasionally, motor neurons were interspersed within the fiber bundles of the @entity3 or the exiting fibers of the oculomotor nerve. The trochlear nucleus, containing superior oblique motor neurons, was found in the immediate lateral and caudal neighborhood of the oculomotor nucleus, where its rostral border overlapped with the caudal border of the latter. The abducens nucleus, containing lateral rectus motor neurons, was located in the posterior brainstem in the neighborhood of the vestibular nuclear complex. This nucleus was divided into a rostral and a caudal portion. The axons of ipsilaterally projecting motor neurons headed toward their respective nerve roots via the shortest possible route, as did the axons of superior rectus motor neurons, which crossed the midline without detour to enter the contralateral oculomotor nerve. In contrast, trochlear motor neuron axons arched around the dorsal aspect of the ventricle through the cerebellar commissure to reach the contralateral trochlear nerve. The morphology of individual motor neurons was visualized by intrasomatic injection of HRP. Cell somata had oblong shapes, and their large dendrites were oriented laterally and ventrally. The axons did not collateralize within the midbrain region or the oculomotor nerve as far as they could be traced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Peripheral and central oculomotor organization in the XXXX , @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Peripheral and central oculomotor organization was studied in the @entity2 . The sizes of the extraocular muscles were quantified by counting the fibers contained in a given muscle and by area measurements of the cross-sectional surfaces. All the muscles were of approximately similar size. Kinematics were determined by electrical stimulation of a given muscle. The macroscopic appearance and kinematics of the muscles had the characteristics of other lateral-eyed animals (e.g., @entity1 ). Locations of extraocular motor neurons were found by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) following injections into individual extraocular muscles. The eye muscles were innervated by four ipsilateral (lateral rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus) and two contralateral (superior rectus, superior oblique) motor neuron pools. The oculomotor nucleus was found in the midbrain, at the level of the caudal zone of the @entity0 . Inferior rectus motor neurons were located rostrally in the oculomotor nucleus, whereas medial rectus, superior rectus, and inferior oblique motor neurons were intermingled in its more caudal portions. All labelled cells were located dorsally and medially to the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in close proximity to either the floor of the ventricle or the midline region. Occasionally, motor neurons were interspersed within the fiber bundles of the @entity3 or the exiting fibers of the oculomotor nerve. The trochlear nucleus, containing superior oblique motor neurons, was found in the immediate lateral and caudal neighborhood of the oculomotor nucleus, where its rostral border overlapped with the caudal border of the latter. The abducens nucleus, containing lateral rectus motor neurons, was located in the posterior brainstem in the neighborhood of the vestibular nuclear complex. This nucleus was divided into a rostral and a caudal portion. The axons of ipsilaterally projecting motor neurons headed toward their respective nerve roots via the shortest possible route, as did the axons of superior rectus motor neurons, which crossed the midline without detour to enter the contralateral oculomotor nerve. In contrast, trochlear motor neuron axons arched around the dorsal aspect of the ventricle through the cerebellar commissure to reach the contralateral trochlear nerve. The morphology of individual motor neurons was visualized by intrasomatic injection of HRP. Cell somata had oblong shapes, and their large dendrites were oriented laterally and ventrally. The axons did not collateralize within the midbrain region or the oculomotor nerve as far as they could be traced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Peripheral and central oculomotor organization in the @entity2 , XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 9p and the pathogenesis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: A total of 24 @entity0 @entity4 specimens were analyzed for LOH on chromosome 9p using 8 microsatellite markers by means of polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: In 24 cases of @entity4 , LOH on chromosome 9p was identified in 10 of 24 cases (41.67%) with at least one marker. The main LOH were found on 9p21 at locus D9S171 (21.05%) and D9S304 (10.00%). There were also a deletion on 9p22-23 at locus D9S168 (22.22%) and D9S162 (15.38%). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between LOH at these loci with such clinical parameters as pathological types, @entity2 size and lymph-node @entity1 . @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is rare for any of the 8 markers in 24 @entity4 . No @entity3 could observed using the common criteria for defining @entity3 -its detection in two or more markers. CONCLUSION: We found that high frequency of LOH occurred at 9p21-23 band. Their results indicate that more than one @entity2 suppressor genes at chromosome 9p21-23 region related to a subset of @entity4 , while @entity3 might not be a crucial event.

title: [Allele-specific chromosome 9p deletion in XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of repeat liver resection in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with early recurrence and to analyze the risk factors of early recurrence. METHODS: Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 303 @entity3 @entity0 undergoing liver resection in our department between January 2000 and August 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. The 5-year overall survivals between early recurrence(within postoperative 1 year) and non-early recurrence were compared. The impact of repeat liver resection on 5-year survival of early recurrence was analyzed. Clinicopathological features which might be associated with early recurrence were investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Among 303 @entity0 , 192(63.4%) @entity0 had recurrence, including 145 @entity0 of early recurrence and 47 of non-early recurrence. The 5-year overall survival of early recurrence @entity0 was significantly lower compared with non-early recurrence ones(16.0% vs. 63.9%, P=0.000). Among 145 early recurrence @entity0 , 80 were evaluated as resectable, of whom 22 received repeat liver resection. Compared with other 58 @entity0 receiving conservative treatment, above 22 @entity0 receiving repeat liver resection had a significantly higher 5-year overall survival(27.1% vs. 0%, P=0.033). Multivariate analysis revealed @entity2 , lymph node @entity1 , and larger size(> 5 cm) of metastatic liver focus were independent risk factors of early recurrence, and good efficacy of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was independent protective factor of early recurrence(all P<0.05). Repeat liver resection was associated with better long-term survival. CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of early recurrence after liver resection in @entity3 @entity0 is poor, while repeat resection for resectable lesions in recurrence @entity0 can obviously prolong the survival. For those with late T-stage, lymph node @entity1 , and larger metastatic liver focus, actively preoperative neo-adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered.

title: [Risk factor analysis of early recurrence after resection of XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) are two @entity5 with fibrotic components. @entity9 is characterized by perivascular/peribronchiolar leukocyte infiltration leading to the development of @entity4 . @entity8 is a @entity3 that includes an acute phase, consisting of severe leukocyte infiltration, @entity0 , @entity7 , and the formation of hyaline membranes, and a chronic phase, which is characterized by persistent intra-alveolar and interstitial @entity4 . CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(6) plaque-forming units (pfu) @entity11 /L develop follicular @entity12 and @entity4 similar to @entity9 . In contrast, CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(7) pfu @entity11 /L develop histologic characteristics of @entity8 including @entity1 , hyaline membranes, and @entity4 . In this report, we demonstrate a differential role for T lymphocytes in the development of @entity4 associated with @entity9 versus @entity8 . Neonatally thymectomized CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(7) pfu ( @entity8 ) @entity11 /L still develop the hallmark characteristics of @entity8 , including a severe @entity10 with cellular infiltrates comprised mainly of macrophages and neutrophils, hyaline membrane formation, and @entity7 during the acute phase of the disease and persistent @entity4 during the chronic phase of the disease. In contrast, neonatally thymectomized CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(6) pfu ( @entity9 ) @entity11 /L do not develop @entity4 associated with @entity9 . Therefore, while T cells are necessary for the development of intraluminal @entity4 associated with @entity9 , they are not necessary for the development of intraluminal @entity4 associated with @entity8 . Furthermore, we suggest that @entity6 plays a key role in the fibrotic process and that elevated levels of @entity6 are associated with a continuum from least to more severe @entity4 .

title: Differential role for T cells in the development of fibrotic lesions associated with XXXX /L-induced @entity9 versus @entity8 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) are two @entity5 with fibrotic components. @entity9 is characterized by perivascular/peribronchiolar leukocyte infiltration leading to the development of @entity4 . @entity8 is a @entity3 that includes an acute phase, consisting of severe leukocyte infiltration, @entity0 , @entity7 , and the formation of hyaline membranes, and a chronic phase, which is characterized by persistent intra-alveolar and interstitial @entity4 . CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(6) plaque-forming units (pfu) @entity11 /L develop follicular @entity12 and @entity4 similar to @entity9 . In contrast, CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(7) pfu @entity11 /L develop histologic characteristics of @entity8 including @entity1 , hyaline membranes, and @entity4 . In this report, we demonstrate a differential role for T lymphocytes in the development of @entity4 associated with @entity9 versus @entity8 . Neonatally thymectomized CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(7) pfu ( @entity8 ) @entity11 /L still develop the hallmark characteristics of @entity8 , including a severe @entity10 with cellular infiltrates comprised mainly of macrophages and neutrophils, hyaline membrane formation, and @entity7 during the acute phase of the disease and persistent @entity4 during the chronic phase of the disease. In contrast, neonatally thymectomized CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(6) pfu ( @entity9 ) @entity11 /L do not develop @entity4 associated with @entity9 . Therefore, while T cells are necessary for the development of intraluminal @entity4 associated with @entity9 , they are not necessary for the development of intraluminal @entity4 associated with @entity8 . Furthermore, we suggest that @entity6 plays a key role in the fibrotic process and that elevated levels of @entity6 are associated with a continuum from least to more severe @entity4 .

title: Differential role for T cells in the development of fibrotic lesions associated with @entity11 /L-induced XXXX versus @entity8 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) are two @entity5 with fibrotic components. @entity9 is characterized by perivascular/peribronchiolar leukocyte infiltration leading to the development of @entity4 . @entity8 is a @entity3 that includes an acute phase, consisting of severe leukocyte infiltration, @entity0 , @entity7 , and the formation of hyaline membranes, and a chronic phase, which is characterized by persistent intra-alveolar and interstitial @entity4 . CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(6) plaque-forming units (pfu) @entity11 /L develop follicular @entity12 and @entity4 similar to @entity9 . In contrast, CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(7) pfu @entity11 /L develop histologic characteristics of @entity8 including @entity1 , hyaline membranes, and @entity4 . In this report, we demonstrate a differential role for T lymphocytes in the development of @entity4 associated with @entity9 versus @entity8 . Neonatally thymectomized CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(7) pfu ( @entity8 ) @entity11 /L still develop the hallmark characteristics of @entity8 , including a severe @entity10 with cellular infiltrates comprised mainly of macrophages and neutrophils, hyaline membrane formation, and @entity7 during the acute phase of the disease and persistent @entity4 during the chronic phase of the disease. In contrast, neonatally thymectomized CBA/J @entity2 infected with 1 x 10(6) pfu ( @entity9 ) @entity11 /L do not develop @entity4 associated with @entity9 . Therefore, while T cells are necessary for the development of intraluminal @entity4 associated with @entity9 , they are not necessary for the development of intraluminal @entity4 associated with @entity8 . Furthermore, we suggest that @entity6 plays a key role in the fibrotic process and that elevated levels of @entity6 are associated with a continuum from least to more severe @entity4 .

title: Differential role for T cells in the development of fibrotic lesions associated with @entity11 /L-induced @entity9 versus XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: The dipsogenic potency of @entity3 ( @entity3 , 200 micrograms/kg, SC) was examined after the removal of various postingestional factors. In the first experiment, @entity0 with intragastric catheters were injected SC with @entity3 and allowed water to drink. During the induced drinking, either @entity2 (1.5 M) or water was injected into the stomach via the catheter at a rate of 0.1 ml for each ml water ingested orally. The water intake was identical in the two conditions. In a second experiment, @entity0 , fitted with @entity4 , were administered @entity3 and subsequent water intake with @entity1 open was compared to that occurring with the @entity1 closed. @entity0 drank more water during the first trial with @entity1 open than with @entity1 closed. Water intake during subsequent trials with an open @entity1 rose above that observed on the first trial. In a third experiment, @entity0 with @entity4 were offered 0.15 M @entity2 to drink. Intake was greater when the @entity1 was open than when it was closed. Intake of 0.15 M @entity2 increased during the second trial with @entity1 open. @entity0 drank more 0.15 M @entity2 during the first trial with an open @entity1 in Experiment 3 than those @entity0 given water to drink on their first trial with @entity1 open in Experiment 2. These data suggest both oropharyngeal and postingestional factors interact in the control of @entity3 -induced fluid intake.

title: Postingestional modulation of drinking induced in @entity0 by XXXX : intragastric infusion and sham drinking studies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The dipsogenic potency of @entity3 ( @entity3 , 200 micrograms/kg, SC) was examined after the removal of various postingestional factors. In the first experiment, @entity0 with intragastric catheters were injected SC with @entity3 and allowed water to drink. During the induced drinking, either @entity2 (1.5 M) or water was injected into the stomach via the catheter at a rate of 0.1 ml for each ml water ingested orally. The water intake was identical in the two conditions. In a second experiment, @entity0 , fitted with @entity4 , were administered @entity3 and subsequent water intake with @entity1 open was compared to that occurring with the @entity1 closed. @entity0 drank more water during the first trial with @entity1 open than with @entity1 closed. Water intake during subsequent trials with an open @entity1 rose above that observed on the first trial. In a third experiment, @entity0 with @entity4 were offered 0.15 M @entity2 to drink. Intake was greater when the @entity1 was open than when it was closed. Intake of 0.15 M @entity2 increased during the second trial with @entity1 open. @entity0 drank more 0.15 M @entity2 during the first trial with an open @entity1 in Experiment 3 than those @entity0 given water to drink on their first trial with @entity1 open in Experiment 2. These data suggest both oropharyngeal and postingestional factors interact in the control of @entity3 -induced fluid intake.

title: Postingestional modulation of drinking induced in XXXX by @entity3 : intragastric infusion and sham drinking studies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to review the outcome and complications after resection of @entity11 treated over 2 decades in our institution. METHODS: Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic data were reviewed retrospectively, focusing on the outcome and complications. RESULTS: Between January 1978 and December 2002, 56 @entity0 were treated for @entity11 . The age range was 0.08 to 8.74 years (median, 1 year). The right lobe was involved in 48%, the left lobe in 22%, and in 29% the main bulk of the @entity1 was centrally located. Surgical procedures included the following: hemihepatectomy in 62%, trisegmentectomy in 18%, extended hemihepatectomy in 16%, and liver transplantation and laparotomy in one @entity0 each. @entity9 occurred in 5(9%)--rupture of the @entity1 (1), @entity4 from the contralateral lobe (1), a defect in the left hepatic duct (1), @entity7 from @entity1 embolus (1), and bleeding from the inferior vena cava (1). The mean @entity2 was 280 mL (50 to 2,000 mL). @entity3 occurred in 12 @entity0 (22%) including @entity8 (3), adhesion obstruction (2), @entity5 of the bile duct (1), abdominal wound dehiscence (1), @entity10 (1), and @entity6 (2). Fifteen @entity0 died, 14 as a result of @entity1 recurrence (mortality rate, 27%).

title: Outcome and complications after resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: The activity of lysosomal enzymes is increased in body fluids during @entity1 , in which cellular malfunction and cellular death occurs. Because chemotherapy also causes cell malfunction and death, for identifying a neurologic effect, we studied the activity of beta-glucuronidase in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of leukemic @entity0 during treatment. PROCEDURE: The beta-glucuronidase activity in CSF was determined in 13 @entity0 with B-precursor @entity2 ( @entity2 ) treated with the medium risk arm of @entity2 (BFM) 95 protocol. Plasma @entity3 ( @entity4 ) levels were determined at 24 and 48 hr after the infusion of high-dose (5 g/m(2)/24 hr) @entity4 (MCA phase). RESULTS: The mean (SD) beta-glucuronidase activity prior to the onset of chemotherapy was 19.9 (5.6) nmoles/ @entity6 /ml/hr. No significant changes in activity were noted during the phases of the protocol except of the MCA3. The activity was 24.4 (6.8) on MCA2, 28.4 (9.3) on MCA3, and 24.1 (9.5) on MCA4. The beta-glucuronidase activity was positively correlated with the plasma @entity4 levels at both 24 hr (r = 0.483, P = 0.006) and 48 hr (r = 0.676, P < 0.0001). No progressive changes were noted during the different phases of the protocol. The greatest beta-glucuronidase activity was measured in two @entity0 with @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The beta-glucuronidase activity is increased in the CSF of leukemic @entity0 receiving high-dose @entity4 and particularly in @entity5 . It is positively correlated with plasma @entity4 levels. No cumulative effect of the chemotherapy was observed. The increased beta-glucuronidase activity is most likely due to enzyme leakage through the cell membranes caused mainly by a toxic effect of @entity4 on the cells of the central nervous system (CNS).

title: Correlation of cerebrospinal fluid beta-glucuronidase activity with plasma XXXX concentrations in leukemic @entity0 receiving high-dose @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The activity of lysosomal enzymes is increased in body fluids during @entity1 , in which cellular malfunction and cellular death occurs. Because chemotherapy also causes cell malfunction and death, for identifying a neurologic effect, we studied the activity of beta-glucuronidase in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of leukemic @entity0 during treatment. PROCEDURE: The beta-glucuronidase activity in CSF was determined in 13 @entity0 with B-precursor @entity2 ( @entity2 ) treated with the medium risk arm of @entity2 (BFM) 95 protocol. Plasma @entity3 ( @entity4 ) levels were determined at 24 and 48 hr after the infusion of high-dose (5 g/m(2)/24 hr) @entity4 (MCA phase). RESULTS: The mean (SD) beta-glucuronidase activity prior to the onset of chemotherapy was 19.9 (5.6) nmoles/ @entity6 /ml/hr. No significant changes in activity were noted during the phases of the protocol except of the MCA3. The activity was 24.4 (6.8) on MCA2, 28.4 (9.3) on MCA3, and 24.1 (9.5) on MCA4. The beta-glucuronidase activity was positively correlated with the plasma @entity4 levels at both 24 hr (r = 0.483, P = 0.006) and 48 hr (r = 0.676, P < 0.0001). No progressive changes were noted during the different phases of the protocol. The greatest beta-glucuronidase activity was measured in two @entity0 with @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The beta-glucuronidase activity is increased in the CSF of leukemic @entity0 receiving high-dose @entity4 and particularly in @entity5 . It is positively correlated with plasma @entity4 levels. No cumulative effect of the chemotherapy was observed. The increased beta-glucuronidase activity is most likely due to enzyme leakage through the cell membranes caused mainly by a toxic effect of @entity4 on the cells of the central nervous system (CNS).

title: Correlation of cerebrospinal fluid beta-glucuronidase activity with plasma @entity3 concentrations in leukemic @entity0 receiving high-dose XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The activity of lysosomal enzymes is increased in body fluids during @entity1 , in which cellular malfunction and cellular death occurs. Because chemotherapy also causes cell malfunction and death, for identifying a neurologic effect, we studied the activity of beta-glucuronidase in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of leukemic @entity0 during treatment. PROCEDURE: The beta-glucuronidase activity in CSF was determined in 13 @entity0 with B-precursor @entity2 ( @entity2 ) treated with the medium risk arm of @entity2 (BFM) 95 protocol. Plasma @entity3 ( @entity4 ) levels were determined at 24 and 48 hr after the infusion of high-dose (5 g/m(2)/24 hr) @entity4 (MCA phase). RESULTS: The mean (SD) beta-glucuronidase activity prior to the onset of chemotherapy was 19.9 (5.6) nmoles/ @entity6 /ml/hr. No significant changes in activity were noted during the phases of the protocol except of the MCA3. The activity was 24.4 (6.8) on MCA2, 28.4 (9.3) on MCA3, and 24.1 (9.5) on MCA4. The beta-glucuronidase activity was positively correlated with the plasma @entity4 levels at both 24 hr (r = 0.483, P = 0.006) and 48 hr (r = 0.676, P < 0.0001). No progressive changes were noted during the different phases of the protocol. The greatest beta-glucuronidase activity was measured in two @entity0 with @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The beta-glucuronidase activity is increased in the CSF of leukemic @entity0 receiving high-dose @entity4 and particularly in @entity5 . It is positively correlated with plasma @entity4 levels. No cumulative effect of the chemotherapy was observed. The increased beta-glucuronidase activity is most likely due to enzyme leakage through the cell membranes caused mainly by a toxic effect of @entity4 on the cells of the central nervous system (CNS).

title: Correlation of cerebrospinal fluid beta-glucuronidase activity with plasma @entity3 concentrations in leukemic XXXX receiving high-dose @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The hypothesis that satellite cells which leave denervated skeletal muscle might become circulating potential myoblasts which could participate in myogenesis in distant sites in the body has been tested. Sixteen @entity0 had one hindlimb denervated and were given 7 daily injections of @entity1 (3H-Tdr). One day later extensor digitorum longus muscle isografts from unlabelled @entity0 were inserted into each hindlimb. As controls, the procedure was repeated in 6 non-denervated labelled @entity0 . Fourteen days after their insertion, isografts in denervated @entity0 contained many labelled myotubes with a labelling index of 55 +/- 4% (mean +/- SEM). In the control isografts in non-denervated ice, 38 +/- 4% of myotube nuclei were labelled. The results show that either labelled cells, or 3H-Tdr, had transferred from the host to isografts in both cases. The probability of 3H-Tdr reutilization was demonstrated in regenerating livers of 8 similarly labelled @entity0 , where 34 +/- 3% hepatocytes adjacent to crush lesions were labelled after 14 days. This conclusion was reached because only 2-3% of normal hepatocytes incorporate 3H-Tdr under these conditions and this population is inadequate to provide sufficient labelled precursor cells for the large numbers of labelled regenerated hepatocytes. Therefore, it was concluded that 3H-Tdr reutilization is the most likely explanation for labelled myotube nuclei in the muscle isografts (rather than movement of labelled precursor cells), and that additional label for reutilization had been derived from breakdown of labelled cells in denervated muscle. The data do not support the hypothesis of a circulating precursor for skeletal muscle cells.

title: Can cells extruded from denervated skeletal muscle become circulating potential myoblasts? Implications of XXXX reutilization in regenerating muscle.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The object of the present study was to review a series of surgically removed @entity2 to establish the incidence of delayed @entity6 and to evaluate the course of recovery according to the possible etiology (surgical postoperative @entity1 or viral reactivation) with reference to the time of onset. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group was composed of 98 @entity0 with @entity7 . Sex, age, location, and extent of @entity2 and @entity3 were all taken into consideration in the final evaluation. The course of each @entity0 's postoperative facial function was graded according to House and Brackmann's six-grade scale. The incidence and the time of onset of the delayed @entity6 were also evaluated. RESULTS: The deterioration in the facial function was found to be delayed in 25 of the 98 @entity0 (26%); of these, it occurred in the first 5 days after surgery in 11 cases, between 6 and 13 days in 10 cases, and after 15 days in 14 @entity0 . The incidence rate of the delayed @entity4 was not influenced by age, sex, or the size of the @entity2 . The prognosis of the @entity4 was favourable in the majority of cases, and, in fact, there were only five grade III to IV cases 1 year later. @entity4 was over grade III in the majority of the latter five cases, and the period of recovery was long. CONCLUSIONS: Eighty percent of our @entity0 with delayed @entity6 following @entity7 resection were classified as having excellent or good function. In the remaining @entity0 who had a less favourable recovery, the palsy was more severe, and the onset occurred after some time. This seems to agree with those who are of the opinion that the complication is due to viral reactivation. In these @entity0 , it is advisable to start aggressive medical therapy with antiviral agents such as @entity5 as soon as possible.

title: Delayed @entity6 after XXXX resection: clinical data and prognosis.

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: The object of the present study was to review a series of surgically removed @entity2 to establish the incidence of delayed @entity6 and to evaluate the course of recovery according to the possible etiology (surgical postoperative @entity1 or viral reactivation) with reference to the time of onset. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group was composed of 98 @entity0 with @entity7 . Sex, age, location, and extent of @entity2 and @entity3 were all taken into consideration in the final evaluation. The course of each @entity0 's postoperative facial function was graded according to House and Brackmann's six-grade scale. The incidence and the time of onset of the delayed @entity6 were also evaluated. RESULTS: The deterioration in the facial function was found to be delayed in 25 of the 98 @entity0 (26%); of these, it occurred in the first 5 days after surgery in 11 cases, between 6 and 13 days in 10 cases, and after 15 days in 14 @entity0 . The incidence rate of the delayed @entity4 was not influenced by age, sex, or the size of the @entity2 . The prognosis of the @entity4 was favourable in the majority of cases, and, in fact, there were only five grade III to IV cases 1 year later. @entity4 was over grade III in the majority of the latter five cases, and the period of recovery was long. CONCLUSIONS: Eighty percent of our @entity0 with delayed @entity6 following @entity7 resection were classified as having excellent or good function. In the remaining @entity0 who had a less favourable recovery, the palsy was more severe, and the onset occurred after some time. This seems to agree with those who are of the opinion that the complication is due to viral reactivation. In these @entity0 , it is advisable to start aggressive medical therapy with antiviral agents such as @entity5 as soon as possible.

title: Delayed XXXX after @entity7 resection: clinical data and prognosis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Morphological studies have demonstrated an age-related decrease in capillary density and capillary surface area in the developing heart. However, the consequences of these changes on myocardial perfusion are not known. We tested the hypothesis that the decreased capillary density is associated with a reduction in coronary blood flow reserve. To test this hypothesis, we studied coronary responses to @entity2 and @entity3 administration, reactive @entity0 , and autoregulatory capacity. We used a Langendorff-perfused heart preparation from @entity1 of five different age groups (1 week and 1, 2, 12, and 18 months). Data are expressed as mean +/- SEM. Maximal coronary flows (ml/min per g) in response to @entity2 (10(-6) to 10(-5) M) infusion are: 27 +/- 1.3, 18.5 +/- 1.4, 12.2 +/- 0.4, 10.3 +/- 0.3, and 10.6 +/- 0.8 at 1 week, 1, 2, 12, and 18 months, respectively, with the flows at 1 week and 1 month significantly higher than those at 2, 12, and 18 months. There is a similar trend for a decreased maximum coronary perfusion in response to @entity3 (10(-6) to 10(-5) M) and following a 45-second occlusion of the coronary inlet flow. Despite the decreased maximal pharmacological and reactive hyperemic flow reserve, autoregulation of flow is not altered with growth. The pressure-flow relationship exhibits autoregulation between 25 and 55 mm Hg perfusion pressure for all but the 1-week age group, which autoregulates within a narrower range of pressures (20-45 mm Hg). Total maximal coronary flow (ml/min) increases during development; this indicates that the growth of vessels continues with development.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of development on coronary vasodilator reserve in the isolated XXXX heart.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Edible berry @entity9 possess a broad spectrum of therapeutic and anti-carcinogenic properties. Berries are rich in @entity9 , compounds that provide pigmentation to fruits and serve as natural antioxidants. @entity9 repair and protect genomic DNA integrity. Earlier studies have shown that berry @entity9 are beneficial in reducing age-associated oxidative stress, as well as in improving neuronal and cognitive brain function. Six berry extracts (wild blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, elderberry, raspberry seeds, and strawberry) were studied for antioxidant efficacy, cytotoxic potential, cellular uptake, and anti-angiogenic (the ability to reduce unwanted growth of blood vessels, which can lead to varicose veins and @entity1 formation) properties. We evaluated various combinations of edible berry extracts and developed a synergistic formula, OptiBerry IH141, which exhibited high ORAC ( @entity3 -Radical Absorbing Capacity) value, low @entity4 , and superior anti-angiogenic properties compared to the other combinations tested. @entity1 represent a priority area in @entity1 biology. OptiBerry significantly inhibited both @entity5 - and @entity6 -induced @entity2 ( @entity2 ) expression by @entity0 keratinocytes. @entity2 is a key regulator of @entity1 angiogenesis. Matrigel assay using @entity0 microvascular endothelial cells showed that OptiBerry impaired angiogenesis. In an in vivo model of angiogenesis, OptiBerry significantly inhibited basal @entity8 and inducible NF-kappaB transcriptions. Endothelioma cells pretreated with OptiBerry showed a diminished ability to form @entity7 and markedly decreased @entity1 growth by more than 50%. In essence, these studies highlight the novel anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic potential of a novel @entity9 -rich berry extract formula, OptiBerry.

title: Anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic properties of a novel XXXX -rich berry extract formula.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Twenty @entity0 with suspected pseudoseizures underwent saline infusion during prolonged sleep deprived EEG with video monitoring and nasopharyngeal electrodes. No @entity0 had definite clinical evidence of @entity1 , but 35% had abnormal EEGs, 10% with @entity1 . @entity0 with @entity1 did not experience pseudoseizures with saline infusion. @entity0 with generalized EEG slowing responded to saline infusion with characteristic @entity2 . Three groups of @entity0 were differentiated. Eight @entity0 had characteristic attacks with saline infusion, and in these @entity0 females predominated, mean age was lower, and @entity4 was common. Six @entity0 each either failed to respond to saline or had episodes different from their characteristic spells. These @entity0 were more often male and more often had diagnoses of @entity3 . The findings suggest that, although saline infusion may identify pseudoseizures and confirm their non- @entity1 nature, some @entity0 may not be sufficiently suggestible to respond to saline infusion, while others may have non- @entity1 attacks which are different from the spells under evaluation. Psychiatric and neuropsychological features suggestive of pseudoseizures may be more readily identified by psychiatric interview or psychometric testing. Ethical issues regarding saline infusion in the guise of a potent convulsant should also be considered.

title: Saline activation of XXXX : clinical EEG and neuropsychiatric observations.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 is a rare condition defined as a combination of @entity5 and @entity4 . The present study shows two genealogical tables. In the first family six male members in four generations had @entity6 . All carrier females seemed to have normal fertility and normal olfactory function. @entity2 probable - dominant sex linked inheritance was considered to be most probable. @entity0 was discovered in one and was excluded in two affected members. In the second family only one affected female was discovered. She had a monozygotic twin sister with normal pubertal development, but also total @entity4 . Four individuals with @entity4 alone were found in this family, but no further cases of @entity5 . The possibility of an acquired @entity3 on the basis of @entity1 is discussed.

title: Heterogeneity of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Calmodulin has been isolated from @entity1 lens fiber cells. Like other vertebrate calmodulins lens calmodulin shows a @entity2 -dependent mobility shift on @entity0 - @entity4 gels and forms immune complexes with antiserum, raised against vertebrate calmodulin. Via the gel overlay technique radioiodinated calmodulin from lens or @entity1 brain was found to bind to the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and the 17.5 kDa protein of lens fiber membranes in a @entity2 -independent manner. After proteolytic digestion of lens fiber membranes with trypsin or @entity3 V8 protease the calmodulin-binding activity of @entity5 is retained. This result indicates that the small polypeptide fragment of @entity5 , which is accessible to proteolytic attack, apparently is not the attachment point for calmodulin. Two additional calmodulin-binding proteins (MW 14 kDa and 16.5 kDa) are observed in junction-enriched fiber membrane fractions. These junction-specific proteins are bound to the membrane via @entity2 . In addition to @entity5 and the 17.5 kDa protein they are possibly involved in the @entity2 -dependent regulation of lens fiber junctions. The 14 and 16.5 kDa proteins are also present in epithelial membranes, prepared from freshly obtained @entity1 lens epithelia. Whereas in the latter membranes the two proteins form part of the four 14-17 kDa major protein components, these proteins are absent in membranes from cultured lens epithelial cells. The epithelial 14 kDa and 16.5 kDa proteins thus appear to be junction-specific. The capacity of the latter proteins to bind calmodulin in the presence and absence of @entity2 indicates that these junction-specific proteins are very similar, if not identical, to the corresponding fiber junctional proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX lens calmodulin. Isolation, partial characterization and @entity2 -independent binding to lens membrane proteins.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Calmodulin has been isolated from @entity1 lens fiber cells. Like other vertebrate calmodulins lens calmodulin shows a @entity2 -dependent mobility shift on @entity0 - @entity4 gels and forms immune complexes with antiserum, raised against vertebrate calmodulin. Via the gel overlay technique radioiodinated calmodulin from lens or @entity1 brain was found to bind to the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and the 17.5 kDa protein of lens fiber membranes in a @entity2 -independent manner. After proteolytic digestion of lens fiber membranes with trypsin or @entity3 V8 protease the calmodulin-binding activity of @entity5 is retained. This result indicates that the small polypeptide fragment of @entity5 , which is accessible to proteolytic attack, apparently is not the attachment point for calmodulin. Two additional calmodulin-binding proteins (MW 14 kDa and 16.5 kDa) are observed in junction-enriched fiber membrane fractions. These junction-specific proteins are bound to the membrane via @entity2 . In addition to @entity5 and the 17.5 kDa protein they are possibly involved in the @entity2 -dependent regulation of lens fiber junctions. The 14 and 16.5 kDa proteins are also present in epithelial membranes, prepared from freshly obtained @entity1 lens epithelia. Whereas in the latter membranes the two proteins form part of the four 14-17 kDa major protein components, these proteins are absent in membranes from cultured lens epithelial cells. The epithelial 14 kDa and 16.5 kDa proteins thus appear to be junction-specific. The capacity of the latter proteins to bind calmodulin in the presence and absence of @entity2 indicates that these junction-specific proteins are very similar, if not identical, to the corresponding fiber junctional proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity1 lens calmodulin. Isolation, partial characterization and XXXX -independent binding to lens membrane proteins.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 addition has been suggested for use in combination with surfactant flushing to enhance solubilization kinetics and permit density control of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL)-laden surfactant plumes. This study examined the effects of adding @entity2 ( @entity0 ) to a 4% @entity4 ( @entity1 (20) @entity6 ) solution used to flush @entity3 ( @entity5 )-contaminated porous media. The influence of @entity0 concentration, subsurface layering and scale on flushing solution delivery and PCE recovery was investigated through a combination of experimental and mathematical modeling studies. Results of batch experiments demonstrated that the addition of 2.5%, 5% and 10% (wt.) @entity0 incrementally increased the PCE solubilization capacity and viscosity of the surfactant solution, while reducing solution density from 1.002 to 0.986 g/cm3. Effluent concentration data obtained from one-dimensional (1-D) column experiments were used to characterize rate-limited micellar solubilization of residual PCE, which was strongly dependent upon flow velocity and weakly dependent upon @entity0 concentration. Two-dimensional (2-D) box studies illustrated that minor differences (0.008 g/cm3) between flushing and resident solution density can strongly influence surfactant front propagation. A two-dimensional multiphase simulator, MISER, was used to model the influence of @entity0 composition on the aqueous flow field and PCE mass recovery. The ability of the numerical simulator to predict effluent concentrations and front propagation was demonstrated for both 1-D columns and 2-D boxes flushed with @entity0 -amended @entity4 solutions. Results of this study quantify the potential influence of @entity0 addition on surfactant solution properties and solubilization capacity, and demonstrate the importance of considering small density variations in remedial design.

title: Effects of @entity2 addition on micellar solubilization and plume migration during surfactant enhanced recovery of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity0 addition has been suggested for use in combination with surfactant flushing to enhance solubilization kinetics and permit density control of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL)-laden surfactant plumes. This study examined the effects of adding @entity2 ( @entity0 ) to a 4% @entity4 ( @entity1 (20) @entity6 ) solution used to flush @entity3 ( @entity5 )-contaminated porous media. The influence of @entity0 concentration, subsurface layering and scale on flushing solution delivery and PCE recovery was investigated through a combination of experimental and mathematical modeling studies. Results of batch experiments demonstrated that the addition of 2.5%, 5% and 10% (wt.) @entity0 incrementally increased the PCE solubilization capacity and viscosity of the surfactant solution, while reducing solution density from 1.002 to 0.986 g/cm3. Effluent concentration data obtained from one-dimensional (1-D) column experiments were used to characterize rate-limited micellar solubilization of residual PCE, which was strongly dependent upon flow velocity and weakly dependent upon @entity0 concentration. Two-dimensional (2-D) box studies illustrated that minor differences (0.008 g/cm3) between flushing and resident solution density can strongly influence surfactant front propagation. A two-dimensional multiphase simulator, MISER, was used to model the influence of @entity0 composition on the aqueous flow field and PCE mass recovery. The ability of the numerical simulator to predict effluent concentrations and front propagation was demonstrated for both 1-D columns and 2-D boxes flushed with @entity0 -amended @entity4 solutions. Results of this study quantify the potential influence of @entity0 addition on surfactant solution properties and solubilization capacity, and demonstrate the importance of considering small density variations in remedial design.

title: Effects of XXXX addition on micellar solubilization and plume migration during surfactant enhanced recovery of @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Patterns of attachment were examined in normal and @entity3 mothers. Mother's diagnosis (bipolar, major @entity3 , or no @entity1 ), self-reported current mood states, and affective behavior in interaction with the @entity0 were considered. A modified version of Ainsworth and Wittig's Strange Situation was used to assess attachment. Insecure (A, C, and A/C patterns) attachments were more common among @entity0 of mothers with a @entity3 ( @entity2 ) than among @entity0 of mothers with minor @entity3 or among @entity0 of normal mothers. Insecure attachment was more frequent in @entity0 of mothers with @entity2 than in @entity0 of mothers with @entity3 . A/C attachments were associated with histories of most severe @entity3 in the mother. In families in which mothers were @entity3 , @entity3 in the father did not increase the likelihood of anxious attachment between mother and @entity0 . However, if mothers with a @entity6 were without a husband in the household, risk of an insecure mother- @entity0 attachment was significantly increased. The mothers' @entity5 (positive vs. negative) in interaction with their @entity0 in situations other than the Strange Situation, and independent of diagnosis, predicted patterns of attachment: mothers of insecurely attached @entity0 expressed more negative and less positive emotion. Mothers' self-reports of moods on the days they were observed were unrelated to attachment. Results are discussed in terms of the transmission of @entity4 in relation to mothers' affective functioning.

title: Patterns of attachment in two- and three-year-olds in normal families and families with parental XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A standardized @entity1 endotoxin shock model was used to assess the differential effects of four commonly used anesthetics upon hemodynamics before and during endotoxin shock. Forty-nine male @entity1 weighing 307 +/- 4 g were divided into five groups:freely-moving conscious, @entity4 (2%), @entity5 (1.4%), @entity3 (6 mg.kg-1.h-1 i.v.), and @entity2 (45 mg.kg-1.h-1 i.v.). Anesthetic doses were chosen as 1.0 MAC equivalent. Anesthetized @entity1 were intubated and ventilated with @entity0 . The right carotid artery was cannulated with a thermocouple-catheter for aortic blood pressure, heart rate, and thermodilution cardiac output measurements. The right jugular vein was cannulated for measurement of central venous pressure and for i.v. injections. Data were collected over a 30-min baseline period and for 4 h after an i.v. bolus of endotoxin (40 mg.kg-1, LD100 within 24 h). Gross small intestinal pathology was rated on a 0-4 scale. Anesthetic effects were judged in terms of significant deviations from the awake data on each parameter. Despite differing patterns, total deviations were similar for @entity4 , @entity2 , and @entity3 , although the latter drug was the least preferable due to particularly high systemic vascular resistance. Significantly less hemorrhagic small intestinal pathology occurred with @entity4 . @entity2 offered no advantage over the inhalation anesthetics. Among the four anesthetics tested, results were closest to the awake pattern with @entity5 anesthesia, thus making it the logical choice for hemodynamic studies in experimental shock research.

title: Choice of anesthetic alters the circulatory shock pattern as gauged by conscious XXXX endotoxemia.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate whether area under the curve (AUC) analysis of pharmacodynamic data can be used to compare pharmacokinetic models taken from the literature, during a target controlled infusion (TCI) of @entity1 . METHODS: Seventy-two @entity0 scheduled for orthopaedic surgery received a TCI of @entity1 (Stanpump) based on one of four pharmacokinetic models: those described by Szenohradszky, Alvarez-Gomez, Wierda, and Cooper. The resulting theoretical plasma concentration versus time curve was calculated for all @entity0 based on all four pharmacokinetic models. Predicted effect versus time curves were calculated following the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic link model (Sheiner and colleagues). @entity2 was evaluated acceleromyographically. The difference between the area under the observed effect (AUC(OE)) and predicted effect (AUC(PE)) versus time curves was used for comparison. RESULTS: AUC(PE )differed significantly from AUC(OE) in the Szenohradszky and Alvarez-Gomez models, both with the reference link-pharmacodynamic data and with altered link-pharmacodynamic variables. AUC(PE )and AUC(OE) were comparable for the Wierda and Cooper models. The mean AUC(OE) was 25.1 (SD 11.9)% block x h. AUC(PE)-AUC(OE) was significantly larger in the Szenohradszky model when compared with all other pharmacokinetic models. This difference remained when link or pharmacodynamic variables were modified. The smallest AUC(PE)-AUC(OE) difference was found with the Wierda model. CONCLUSION: It was possible to use AUC analysis for identification of the pharmacokinetic model that best predicted the pharmacodynamic characteristics of our @entity0 .

title: Target controlled infusion of XXXX : analysis of effect data to select a pharmacokinetic model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Atypical @entity1 (ATRT) is a @entity2 with a dismal prognosis. There is no consensus on optimal treatment and different multimodal strategies are currently being used in an attempt to improve outcomes. To evaluate the impact of high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem-cell rescue (HD48 SCR), radiotherapy (RT) at first line, @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and extent of surgical resection upon @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). An online database search identified prospective and retrospective studies focused on the treatment of @entity0 and adolescents with newly diagnosed ATRT. Clinical, therapeutic and outcome data were extracted and an individual pooled data analysis was conducted. Out of 389 publications, 12 manuscripts were included in our review. Data from 332 @entity0 were analysed. Median age at diagnosis was 37  months (range 1-231). @entity4 -SCR, RT and @entity5 had been administered to 28.6  % (58/203), 49.6  % (118/238) and 21  % (65/310) of the @entity0 , respectively. Gross total resection (GTR) had been achieved in 46.5  % (152/327) of the cases. In the multivariate analysis, hazard ratios (95  % Confidence Interval) for @entity4 -SCR were: @entity3 -HR  =  0.570 (0.357-0.910) p  =  0.019, and @entity3 -HR  =  0.388 (0.214-0.704) p  =  0.002; and for RT: @entity3 -HR  =  0.551 (0.351-0.866) p  =  0.01, and @entity3 -HR  =  0.393 (0.216-0.712) p  =  0.002. @entity5 and GTR were not significantly associated with improved @entity3 or @entity3 in the multivariate analysis. In our pooled data review, @entity4 -SCR and RT at first line were associated with improved outcomes in @entity0 and adolescents with newly diagnosed ATRT.

title: Multimodal therapy in XXXX and adolescents with newly diagnosed atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor: individual pooled data analysis and review of the literature.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Besides the common distal symmetrical sensory-motor @entity9 (DSP) that is often associated with @entity16 , @entity1 @entity0 @entity8 ( @entity8 ) secondary to roots, plexus and nerve trunk involvement. Nerve ischaemia has been suggested as a common mechanism for the different patterns of @entity15 , yet the important clinical differences that exist between DSP and @entity8 suggest concurrent factors. In order to learn more on the subject, we prospectively studied 22 consecutive @entity1 @entity0 with @entity8 , for which other causes of @entity2 were excluded by appropriate investigations, including biopsy of a recently affected sensory nerve. Three @entity0 had a relapsing course, and the others an unremitting subacute-progressive course. @entity7 @entity8 progressed over 2-12 months. The @entity4 predominated in distal lower limbs which were involved in all @entity0 , unilaterally in seven, bilaterally in the others, with an asynchronous onset in most cases. In addition, a proximal deficit of the lower limbs was present on one side in seven @entity0 , and on both sides in six. @entity13 was present bilaterally in two @entity0 , and unilaterally in one. The ulnar nerve was involved in one @entity0 , and the radial nerve in two. The CSF protein ranged from 0.40 to 3.55 g/l; mean: 0.87 g/l. Electrophysiological testing showed severe, multifocal, @entity5 in all cases. Asymmetrical axonal lesions were found in all nerve specimens. The mean density of myelinated axons was reduced to 1340 +/- 1070 per mm(2) of endoneurial area versus 8370 +/- 706 myelinated fibres/mm(2) in controls. The mean density of unmyelinated fibres was reduced to 5095 +/- 6875 per mm(2) (extremes: 0-26 600). On teased fibre preparations, 34 +/- 31% of the fibres were at different stages of @entity10 (extremes 0-99%); 7 +/- 6% of the fibres @entity3 . @entity12 of @entity14 were found in six @entity0 . Endoneurial seepage of red cells was present in 11 specimens, and endoneurial @entity11 in five. Ferric @entity6 deposits that characterize previous @entity11 were found in seven @entity0 , including two who had no red cells in the endoneurium. Perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates were present in the nerve specimens of 21 out of 22 @entity0 , prominently in four @entity0 . In comparison, nerve biopsy specimens of 30 @entity0 with severe distal symmetrical @entity15 showed mild epineurial mononuclear cell infiltrate in one @entity0 and endoneurial seepage of red cells in another. We conclude that @entity8 is related to pre-capillary blood vessel involvement in elderly @entity1 @entity0 with a secondary inflammatory response.

title: Inflammatory vasculopathy in multifocal XXXX .

answer: @entity15


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mainstreaming genetic medicine, increased media coverage and clinical trials for @entity2 mutation carriers are leading oncologists into more @entity1 discussions about @entity2 genetic testing. @entity2 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) occur in 10-20  % of tests. VUS detection introduces additional uncertainty for @entity1 and potentially clinician. We aimed to explore the ability of @entity0 specialists (BCS) in the UK to correctly respond to a VUS report. METHODS: A survey sent to 800 UK BCS collected demographics data, VUS general knowledge and interpretation and communication based on two genetics reports. A separate survey of UK clinical geneticists collected demographics data, laboratory reporting practice and methods used to clarify VUS pathogenicity including classification systems. RESULTS: Of the 155 BCS (22.5  %) who completed the survey, 12  % reported no genetics training. Ninety five percent referred @entity1 for @entity2 genetic tests, 71  % felt unsure about the clinical implications of the test reports presented here. A VUS report from a @entity1 with a positive family history was interpreted and theoretically communicated correctly by 94  % but when presented with a different VUS report with no management guidance and negative family history, 39  % did not know how to communicate this result to the @entity1 . Geneticists reported multiple VUS classification systems; the most commonly used was word-based in 32  %. CONCLUSIONS: A consistent and standardised format to report particularly VUS results across all diagnostic laboratories plus additional training of UK BCS will be necessary for effective mainstreaming of @entity2 testing to the oncology clinic.

title: Understanding of XXXX VUS genetic results by @entity0 specialists.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mainstreaming genetic medicine, increased media coverage and clinical trials for @entity2 mutation carriers are leading oncologists into more @entity1 discussions about @entity2 genetic testing. @entity2 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) occur in 10-20  % of tests. VUS detection introduces additional uncertainty for @entity1 and potentially clinician. We aimed to explore the ability of @entity0 specialists (BCS) in the UK to correctly respond to a VUS report. METHODS: A survey sent to 800 UK BCS collected demographics data, VUS general knowledge and interpretation and communication based on two genetics reports. A separate survey of UK clinical geneticists collected demographics data, laboratory reporting practice and methods used to clarify VUS pathogenicity including classification systems. RESULTS: Of the 155 BCS (22.5  %) who completed the survey, 12  % reported no genetics training. Ninety five percent referred @entity1 for @entity2 genetic tests, 71  % felt unsure about the clinical implications of the test reports presented here. A VUS report from a @entity1 with a positive family history was interpreted and theoretically communicated correctly by 94  % but when presented with a different VUS report with no management guidance and negative family history, 39  % did not know how to communicate this result to the @entity1 . Geneticists reported multiple VUS classification systems; the most commonly used was word-based in 32  %. CONCLUSIONS: A consistent and standardised format to report particularly VUS results across all diagnostic laboratories plus additional training of UK BCS will be necessary for effective mainstreaming of @entity2 testing to the oncology clinic.

title: Understanding of @entity2 VUS genetic results by XXXX specialists.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 is an extremely serious form of abusive @entity6 , the extent of which is unknown in Canada. Our objective was to describe, from a national perspective, the clinical characteristics and outcome of @entity0 admitted to hospital with @entity8 . METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review, for the years 1988-1998, of the cases of @entity8 that were reported to the @entity0 protection teams of 11 pediatric tertiary care hospitals in Canada. @entity8 was defined as any case reported at each institution of intracranial, intraocular or cervical @entity3 resulting from a substantiated or suspected shaking, with or without impact, in @entity0 aged less than 5 years. RESULTS: The median age of subjects was 4.6 months (range 7 days to 58 months), and 56% were @entity0 . Presenting complaints for the 364 @entity0 identified as having @entity8 were nonspecific ( @entity5 -like episode [45%], decreased level of consciousness [43%] and respiratory difficulty [34%]), though @entity7 was noted on examination in 46%. A history and/or clinical evidence of previous maltreatment was noted in 220 @entity0 (60%), and 80 families (22%) had had previous involvement with @entity0 welfare authorities. As a direct result of the shaking, 69 @entity0 died (19%) and, of those who survived, 162 (55%) had ongoing @entity1 and 192 (65%) had @entity4 . Only 65 (22%) of those who survived were considered to show no signs of @entity2 at the time of discharge. INTERPRETATION: @entity8 results in an extremely high degree of mortality and morbidity. Ongoing care of these @entity0 places a substantial burden on the medical system, caregivers and society.

title: XXXX in Canada: clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospital cases.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Recent studies indicate that the incidence of @entity2 is increasing as a secondary complication in @entity0 with serious underlying diseases. The mechanism to eliminate these thrombi via the thrombolytic system in @entity0 is unknown. The baseline fibrinolytic system is age dependent, with significant variation between @entity0 and adults. Adult studies would suggest that the fibrinolytic response to @entity1 has more clinical relevance than the baseline fibrinolytic system. The aim of this study was to determine whether the fibrinolytic response to @entity1 stress testing in healthy adolescents differs from the response in healthy adults. Healthy adolescents (13-18 y) from a school population and normal adults were recruited. Pre- and postvenous occlusion blood samples were collected using standard techniques. Plasma tissue plasminogen activator, @entity3 , plasminogen, alpha(2)-antiplasmin, alpha(2)-macroglubulin, D-dimers, euglobulin lysis time, and fibrinogen were measured on each sample. Adolescents had significantly decreased tissue plasminogen activator antigen levels and increased @entity3 activity levels after @entity1 , resulting in significantly prolonged euglobulin lysis times. The results of our study confirm developmental differences in the fibrinolytic response to @entity1 stress testing. The age-related differences in fibrinolytic response to @entity1 of younger @entity0 and the significance of these differences on the pathophysiology of @entity2 in @entity0 require further studies.

title: Fibrinolytic system in adolescents: response to XXXX stress tests.

answer: @entity1


abstract: N-[3-[[[(1S)-4-(5-Amino-2-pyridinyl)-1-[[4-difluoromethylene)-1-piperidinyl]carbonyl]butyl]amino]sulfonyl][1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl]acetamide hydrochloride ( @entity6 ) is a novel, potent, and selective @entity5 inhibitor. We have examined the antithrombotic properties of @entity6 administered by i.v. and p.o. routes in several different animal @entity3 models in comparison with reference antithrombotic agents. Oral administration of @entity6 produced dose-related antithrombotic effects in the following models; @entity0 @entity1 ( @entity4 (50) 0.9 mg/kg p.o.), @entity0 silk thread arterio-venous (AV) shunt ( @entity4 (50) 3.8 mg/kg p.o.), @entity0 thromboplastin-induced AV shunt ( @entity4 (50) 3.1 mg/kg p.o.), @entity0 carotid artery @entity3 ( @entity4 (200) 5.9 mg/kg p.o.), and @entity2 @entity1 ( @entity4 (50) 7.5 mg/kg p.o.). Administered as an i.v. bolus, @entity6 showed antithrombotic activity in the above models with @entity4 (50)/ @entity4 (200) values in the range of 0.2 to 1.9 mg/kg i.v. @entity6 increased @entity0 tail transection bleeding time at doses > or =10 mg/kg p.o. In the @entity0 thromboplastin-induced AV shunt model, @entity6 10 mg/kg p.o. produced marked antithrombotic effects at 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after administration. Hence, @entity6 demonstrates potent oral antithrombotic properties in animal venous, AV-shunt, and @entity3 models.

title: Antithrombotic properties of @entity6 , a new, orally active XXXX inhibitor.

answer: @entity5


abstract: N-[3-[[[(1S)-4-(5-Amino-2-pyridinyl)-1-[[4-difluoromethylene)-1-piperidinyl]carbonyl]butyl]amino]sulfonyl][1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl]acetamide hydrochloride ( @entity6 ) is a novel, potent, and selective @entity5 inhibitor. We have examined the antithrombotic properties of @entity6 administered by i.v. and p.o. routes in several different animal @entity3 models in comparison with reference antithrombotic agents. Oral administration of @entity6 produced dose-related antithrombotic effects in the following models; @entity0 @entity1 ( @entity4 (50) 0.9 mg/kg p.o.), @entity0 silk thread arterio-venous (AV) shunt ( @entity4 (50) 3.8 mg/kg p.o.), @entity0 thromboplastin-induced AV shunt ( @entity4 (50) 3.1 mg/kg p.o.), @entity0 carotid artery @entity3 ( @entity4 (200) 5.9 mg/kg p.o.), and @entity2 @entity1 ( @entity4 (50) 7.5 mg/kg p.o.). Administered as an i.v. bolus, @entity6 showed antithrombotic activity in the above models with @entity4 (50)/ @entity4 (200) values in the range of 0.2 to 1.9 mg/kg i.v. @entity6 increased @entity0 tail transection bleeding time at doses > or =10 mg/kg p.o. In the @entity0 thromboplastin-induced AV shunt model, @entity6 10 mg/kg p.o. produced marked antithrombotic effects at 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after administration. Hence, @entity6 demonstrates potent oral antithrombotic properties in animal venous, AV-shunt, and @entity3 models.

title: Antithrombotic properties of XXXX , a new, orally active @entity5 inhibitor.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To quantitate the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and repeat this daily using a portable video head impulse test device to assess vestibular recovery in the acute stage of @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled adults with symptoms and signs of @entity1 presenting to the emergency department within 48 h of symptom onset. We recorded the eye movement response to rapid head impulses using the ICS Impulse(   ) video head impulse test device on each day of their hospital admission. RESULTS: There were eight @entity0 (75% @entity0 , aged 35-85 years) who had marked variation in their initial vestibulo-ocular reflex gains. Three @entity0 had vestibulo-ocular reflex gains in the normal range initially, despite having physical signs of @entity1 . Two @entity0 had initial contralesional gains below the normal range, associated with markedly reduced @entity2 . Most @entity0 ' vestibulo-ocular reflex gains increased during admission, but four @entity0 ' @entity2 remained in the abnormal range. @entity0 with @entity3 were less likely to improve into the normal range. No @entity0 with initially abnormal @entity3 recovered normal vestibulo-ocular reflex gain along with resolution of physical signs. CONCLUSION: Early video head impulse testing in the emergency department and each day of admission is feasible and well tolerated. There is marked variation in @entity3 in @entity0 with symptoms and signs of @entity1 , and low initial VOR gains are a predictor for low VOR gains on subsequent days. Improvement in VOR gains was seen in most @entity0 .

title: A video-oculographic study of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Either enucleation or more extended resection is performed to treat @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Aim was to analyze the postoperative complications for each operation separately. Furthermore, independent risk factors for complications and incidence of @entity5 were analyzed. METHODS: Retrospective all resected @entity0 from two academic hospitals in The Netherlands between 1992 and 2013 were included. @entity3 were scored by both ISGPS and Clavien-Dindo criteria. Based on @entity2 location, operations were compared. Independent risk factors for overall complications were identified. During long-term follow-up, @entity5 and recurrent disease were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity2 enucleation was performed in 60/205 @entity0 (29  %), pancreatoduodenectomy in 65/205 (31  %), distal pancreatectomy in 72/205 (35  %) and central pancreatectomy in 8/205 (4  %) @entity0 . Overall complications after @entity2 enucleation of the pancreatic head and pancreatoduodenectomy were comparable, 24/35 (69  %) versus 52/65 (80  %). The same was found after @entity2 enucleation and resection of the pancreatic tail (36 vs.58  %). Number of re-interventions and readmissions were comparable between all operations. After pancreatoduodenectomy, 33/65 @entity0 had lymph node @entity1 and in @entity0 with @entity2 size  <=2  cm, 55  % had lymph node @entity1 . @entity2 in the head and BMI >= 25  kg/m(2) were independent risk factors for complications after enucleation. During follow-up, incidence of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency was significant higher after pancreatoduodenectomy (resp. 55 and 19  %) compared to the @entity2 enucleation and distal pancreatectomy(resp. 5 and 7  % vs.8 and 13  %). After @entity2 enucleation 19  % developed recurrent disease. CONCLUSION: Since the complication rate, need for re-interventions and readmissions were comparable for all resections, @entity2 enucleation may be regarded as high risk. Appropriate operation should be based on @entity2 size, location, and functional status of the @entity4 .

title: Postoperative Outcomes of Enucleation and Standard Resections in @entity0 with a XXXX .

answer: @entity4