abstract: An analysis was undertaken of data pertaining to over 100 @entity0 with lower @entity3 who were laparoscoped. Prior to laparoscopy, 11 of the @entity0 were considered to almost certainly have @entity7 , of whom six (55%) had @entity7 at laparoscopy; 17 to probably have @entity7 , of whom six (35%) did; 28 to possibly have @entity7 , of whom five (18%) did; and 56 to be very unlikely to have @entity7 , of whom five (9%) did. Of the 22 @entity0 who had @entity7 at laparoscopy, 14 (64%) had a @entity4 IgG antibody titre of >or=1:128 and might reasonably be regarded as having @entity2 on this basis; six without such a titre probably did not have @entity2 as @entity8 could not be detected at any genital site. At laparoscopy, 18 @entity0 had @entity5 without obvious @entity1 ; clinically, 15 of them had been regarded as possibly having @entity7 or unlikely to have it, with 12 having chronic @entity6 . Twelve (67%) of the 18 @entity0 had a chlamydial IgG antibody titre of >or=1:128. IgM antibody was also detected most often in the ' @entity7 ' group. Of 49 @entity0 without any abnormality detected at laparoscopy, nine (18%) had a high chlamydial IgG antibody titre. Overall, a @entity0 who had a high titre of chlamydial IgG antibody and acute @entity6 , together with a clinical picture of @entity1 , was more likely to have @entity7 than @entity5 alone. Likewise, a @entity0 who had a high titre of chlamydial IgG antibody and chronic @entity6 , together with a clinical picture suggesting that @entity7 was unlikely, was more likely to have @entity5 alone than acute @entity7 . However, while antibody measurement and seeking cervical @entity8 may help in formulating a diagnosis, there seems no simple way of detecting the small proportion of @entity0 who are infected by @entity8 in the upper genital tract but whose laparoscopic findings indicate normality. So far as @entity0 care is concerned, the only way of preventing damage to the upper genital tract is to treat early on the basis of suspicion.

title: Further observations, mainly serological, on a cohort of XXXX with or without pelvic inflammatory disease.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to analyze @entity0 ' @entity2 (BU) exposure after oral administration of extemporeanously prepared BU capsules prior to blood stem cell transplantation. METHODS: @entity0 were treated with 1 mg/kg body weight BU administered orally every 6h on each of 4 consecutive days prior to blood stem cell transplantation. Each BU dose was administered in 1 gelatine capsule to be swallowed and containing the individually calculated dose of pure BU active substance. Blood samples were obtained from 6 adult @entity0 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 min after the 1st, 5th, and 13th BU dose, frozen and analyzed subsequently by using a HPLC assay with UV detection. In addition, in two @entity0 concomitant TDM was executed. BU exposure was monitored concurrently and BU doses were targeted to achieve a steady-state plasma concentration (C(SS)) of 600-900 ng/mL or 900-1100 ng/mL depending on the underlying disease. In these @entity0 blood samples were obtained 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, and 360 min after the 1st, 5th, 9th, and 13th BU dose and analyzed concurrently. RESULTS: For the six @entity0 monitored retrospectively, the time to reach peak plasma BU concentration (C(max)) ranged from 1 to 5 h (mean 2.4 h). BU C(max) - values varied from 728 to 1807 ng/ mL (mean 1174 ng/mL), and BU clearance (CL/F) from 2.32 to 3.75 mL/min/kg (mean 2.97 mL/min/ kg). The mean BU steady state (C(SS)) concentration calculated was 973 ng/mL (range 754-1226 ng/mL) with a mean AUC of 5818 ng.h/mL (range 4521- 7171 ng.h/mL). One of the two @entity0 receiving targeted BU doses required an upward dose adjustment. None of the eight @entity0 @entity1 during BU therapy. CONCLUSIONS: BU active substance encapsulated without further excipients in gelatine capsules is highly suitable for oral BU therapy. However, therapeutic drug monitoring and BU dose adjustment is still advisable to achieve optimal systemic BU exposure in each individual @entity0 .

title: XXXX systemic exposure after oral administration of extemporeanously prepared high-dose @entity2 capsules.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to analyze @entity0 ' @entity2 (BU) exposure after oral administration of extemporeanously prepared BU capsules prior to blood stem cell transplantation. METHODS: @entity0 were treated with 1 mg/kg body weight BU administered orally every 6h on each of 4 consecutive days prior to blood stem cell transplantation. Each BU dose was administered in 1 gelatine capsule to be swallowed and containing the individually calculated dose of pure BU active substance. Blood samples were obtained from 6 adult @entity0 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 min after the 1st, 5th, and 13th BU dose, frozen and analyzed subsequently by using a HPLC assay with UV detection. In addition, in two @entity0 concomitant TDM was executed. BU exposure was monitored concurrently and BU doses were targeted to achieve a steady-state plasma concentration (C(SS)) of 600-900 ng/mL or 900-1100 ng/mL depending on the underlying disease. In these @entity0 blood samples were obtained 0, 60, 120, 180, 240, and 360 min after the 1st, 5th, 9th, and 13th BU dose and analyzed concurrently. RESULTS: For the six @entity0 monitored retrospectively, the time to reach peak plasma BU concentration (C(max)) ranged from 1 to 5 h (mean 2.4 h). BU C(max) - values varied from 728 to 1807 ng/ mL (mean 1174 ng/mL), and BU clearance (CL/F) from 2.32 to 3.75 mL/min/kg (mean 2.97 mL/min/ kg). The mean BU steady state (C(SS)) concentration calculated was 973 ng/mL (range 754-1226 ng/mL) with a mean AUC of 5818 ng.h/mL (range 4521- 7171 ng.h/mL). One of the two @entity0 receiving targeted BU doses required an upward dose adjustment. None of the eight @entity0 @entity1 during BU therapy. CONCLUSIONS: BU active substance encapsulated without further excipients in gelatine capsules is highly suitable for oral BU therapy. However, therapeutic drug monitoring and BU dose adjustment is still advisable to achieve optimal systemic BU exposure in each individual @entity0 .

title: @entity2 systemic exposure after oral administration of extemporeanously prepared high-dose XXXX capsules.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Anticoagulation therapy in @entity0 with @entity3 is important. This review consists of three parts: chronic anticoagulation, anticoagulation for cardioversion, and a brief comment on anticoagulation around the time of left atrial radiofrequency ablation. The risk stratification scheme of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/European Society of Cardiology (ACC/AHA/ESC) guidelines for chronic anticoagulation is briefly reviewed. Although there are several other similar schemes, they are not identical. The key point is the balance between benefit and risk. Some emerging controversies are outlined. Two specific questions explored are: is well-controlled @entity1 a risk factor, and does paroxysmal @entity3 confer the same risk as continuous @entity3 ? Differences in the risk of @entity2 while taking a @entity6 antagonist noted in recent compared with older data are discussed. Risk of @entity2 in the elderly and combined antithrombotic therapy with a @entity6 antagonist and an antiplatelet agent in high-risk @entity0 are briefly discussed. Recent failures of studies attempting to find a suitable alternative to @entity6 antagonists are outlined. The treatment guidelines for anticoagulation for cardioversion are briefly reviewed. The risk of @entity4 according to international normalized ratio and use of low-molecular-weight heparin as an alternative to @entity5 are discussed. Anticoagulation before and after left atrial radiofrequency ablation is empirical, and long-term anticoagulation seems advisable for high risk @entity0 at the present time. The two most pressing needs for further investigation are (1) clarification, simplification, and consolidated of risk stratification schemes and treatment recommendations and (2) discovery of alternatives to @entity5 .

title: Anticoagulation in XXXX : a contemporary viewpoint.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Population-based @entity3 family registries can facilitate studies to evaluate genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of these @entity1 . The purpose of this study is to describe what is, as far as we know, the first population-based @entity3 family registry and to estimate @entity3 risk in relatives of @entity3 probands. Population-based consecutive incident cases of @entity3 were invited to participate in the University of California, Irvine breast and ovarian family registry. In this study, we report data on 1567 @entity0 and 328 @entity2 probands. The operational components of this family registry include enrollment of probands, family history interviewing, confidentiality, pathology, verification and review, biospecimen bank, statistical/genetic analysis, and special studies on positional cloning of known genes. All of the components are tracked through the University of California, Irvine Genetic Research Information System. In @entity0 probands, relative risk (RR) of @entity0 in mothers and sisters is significantly elevated [RR = 1.7 and 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.4-2.0 and RR = 2.8 and 95% CI = 2.3-3.3, respectively]. In families of @entity2 probands, mothers are at increased risk of @entity2 (RR = 4.6; 95% CI, 2.1-8.7). RR of @entity0 in mothers of @entity0 probands is significantly elevated (RR = 4.9; 95% CI, 2.6-8.5). No elevation of @entity3 risk was observed among relatives of Asian probands. In general, there is a decrease in RR among mothers and sisters with increase in age of onset of probands. In second-degree relatives and first cousins, the @entity0 hazards ratios increase with increase in the number of affected first-degree relatives and decrease with increase in age at onset of the proband.

title: Cancer risk estimates for family members of a population-based family registry for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Twenty-three @entity0 underwent reoperation for @entity2 at intervals of 2 months to 17 years 10 months after the initial operation. There were no operative or hospital deaths. @entity3 occurred in 12 @entity0 , but in only 2 was it a determinant for reoperation. The longest survival after reoperation is 12 years 9 months, and that @entity0 is free from @entity1 . Four distinct surgical groups emerged, and their recognition provides an improved method of reporting and suggests a strategy for better overall management. Group 1 (n = 5) had completion of thymectomy (reoperation) after thymomectomy alone or after incomplete thymectomy. The interval was 2 months to 17 years 10 months. All 5 had @entity3 . At reoperation, @entity2 were found in 3 and a hyperplastic thymus in 2. Four are alive and @entity1 free 2 years to 8 years 2 months after reoperation. One died @entity1 free after 5 years. Group 2 (n = 8) had reoperation for recurrent @entity2 after standard (presumably complete) resection. The interval was 2 years to 13 1/2 years. Four had @entity3 . Four are alive 8 months to 5 years 8 months after reoperation, 3 without detectable @entity1 . Four died 3 years 3 months to 8 years 4 months after reoperation, 3 free from @entity1 . Group 3 (n = 8) underwent reoperation for initially unresectable @entity2 after adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both. The interval was 3 months to 4 years 8 months. Three had @entity3 . Six are alive 4 months to 4 years after reoperation, only 1 with @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Reoperation for XXXX : report of 23 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The RELIEF study (Reflux assEssment and quality of life improvement with micronized @entity4 in chronic @entity6 [CVI]) is a prospective, controlled, multicenter, international study performed in @entity0 with or without @entity3 . This study was conducted between March 1997 and December 1998 in 23 countries worldwide with the participation of more than 10,000 @entity0 suffering from CVI. The European countries, the subject of this report, were represented by the Czech and Slovak Republics, Hungary, Poland, Russia, and Spain. The principal aims of the study were: 1. To validate the first quality-of-life scale specific to chronic @entity6 (CMVIQ) in different languages and to assess the evolution of quality of life in @entity0 suffering from CVI, with or without @entity3 , treated with micronized purified @entity5 fraction (MPFF*) (1,000 mg/day). 2. To collect international epidemiologic data on @entity3 assessed with pocket Doppler and photoplethysmography. 3. To assess the evolution of symptoms and signs with a specific emphasis on @entity1 through validated Leg-O-Meter measurement (heaviness, @entity2 , cramps, sensation of swelling, @entity1 ) in @entity0 suffering from CVI and treated with MPFF, 1,000 mg/day, during 6 months. The first country-by-country statistical analysis and the European consolidated analysis are now available. The CIVIQ questionnaires adapted to each participating country have been validated with highly significant validity and reproducibility (p<0.0001). All dimensions have demonstrated a highly significant and evolving improvement during the study. The results show several interesting findings concerning the epidemiologic data and, of these, two were particularly interesting: - More than 50% of @entity0 suffering from CVI (class 0 to 4 of the CEAP classification) were reflux-free, which means that they were suffering from functional CVI. @entity0 distribution between the different classes of the CEAP classification changed in a statistically significant manner after 6 months' treatment with MPFF; the number of @entity0 in the more severe classes decreased to the benefit of the less severe classes. Symptoms such as @entity2 , @entity7 , sensation of swelling, and cramps were significantly improved (p=0.0001). This was associated with a significant decrease in @entity1 , when present, measured by leg circumferences with the Leg-O-Meter (p=0.0001). In conclusion, the European results of the RELIEF study showed the perfect validity and reproducibility of CIVIQ questionnaire adaptations, and the positive progression of quality-of-life scores on MPFF treatment. This progression was paralleled by clinical improvement of @entity0 reflected not only by assessment of CVI symptoms and signs but also by evolution of the CEAP classification.

title: RELIEF study: first consolidated European data. Reflux assEssment and quaLity of lIfe improvement with micronized XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), a complex treatment strategy for intensity-modulated radiation therapy, may increase treatment efficiency and has recently been established clinically. This analysis compares VMAT against established IMRT and 3D-conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) delivery techniques. METHODS: Based on CT datasets of 9 @entity0 treated for @entity1 step-and-shoot IMRT, serial tomotherapy (MIMiC), 3D-CRT and VMAT were compared with regard to plan quality and treatment efficiency. Two VMAT approaches (one rotation (VMAT1x) and one rotation plus a second 200 degrees rotation ( @entity2 x)) were calculated for the plan comparison. Plan quality was assessed by calculating homogeneity and conformity index (HI and CI), dose to normal tissue (non-target) and D(95%) (dose encompassing 95% of the target volume). For plan efficiency evaluation, treatment time and number of monitor units (MU) were considered. RESULTS: For MIMiC/IMRT(MLC)/ @entity2 x/ @entity3 x/3D-CRT, mean CI was 1.5/1.23/1.45/1.51/1.46 and HI was 1.19/1.1/1.09/1.11/1.04. For a prescribed dose of 76 Gy, mean doses to organs-at-risk (OAR) were 50.69 Gy/53.99 Gy/60.29 Gy/61.59 Gy/66.33 Gy for the anterior half of the rectum and 31.85 Gy/34.89 Gy/38.75 Gy/38.57 Gy/55.43 Gy for the posterior rectum. Volumes of non-target normal tissue receiving > or =70% of prescribed dose (53 Gy) were 337 ml/284 ml/482 ml/505 ml/414 ml, for > or =50% (38 Gy) 869 ml/933 ml/1155 ml/1231 ml/1993 ml and for > or =30% (23 Gy) 2819 ml/3414 ml/3340 ml/3438 ml /3061 ml. D(95%) was 69.79 Gy/70.51 Gy/71,7 Gy/71.59 Gy/73.42 Gy. Mean treatment time was 12 min/6 min/3.7 min/1.8 min/2.5 min. CONCLUSION: All approaches yield treatment plans of improved quality when compared to 3D-conformal treatments, with serial tomotherapy providing best OAR sparing and VMAT being the most efficient treatment option in our comparison. Plans which were calculated with 3D-CRT provided good target coverage but resulted in higher dose to the rectum.

title: Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) vs. serial tomotherapy, step-and-shoot IMRT and 3D-conformal RT for treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The nonoperative treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) can lead to unsatisfactory functional results. Short-term results are available but the impact on the evolution of the deformity is not known. To address these problems, a new brace for the flexible @entity2 was developed, and midterm followup was obtained. MATERIALS AND METHOD: In a prospective case series, eighteen @entity0 (mean age 64.2 years; range, 31 to 82; four male, 14 female) with flexible Stage II @entity3 were fitted with the new custom-molded foot orthosis. At latest followup of a mean of 61.4 (range, 20 to 87) months, functional results were assessed with the AOFAS ankle hindfoot score and clinical or radiographic progression was recorded. RESULTS: The score improved significantly from a mean of 56 points (range, 20 to 64) to a mean of 82 points (range, 64 to 100, p < 0.001). Three @entity0 (3/18, 16%) had a clinical progression to a fixed deformity (Stage III) and a radiographic increase of their deformity. All the other @entity0 were satisfied with the brace's comfort and noted an improvement in their mobility. Complications were seen in three @entity0 (3/18, 16%), and consisted of the development of calluses. CONCLUSION: The "shell brace" is a valuable option for nonoperative treatment of the flexible Stage II @entity3 . Hindfoot flexibility was conserved throughout the observation period in all but three @entity0 . Functional outcome and @entity0 acceptance was above average. Problems were few, and closely associated with a progression to a fixed, @entity1 .

title: Shell brace for stage II XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) and radical pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) for @entity1 (MM). @entity0 AND METHODS: In a retrospective case-control study we analysed the results of the 57 @entity0 [49 male and 8 female, median age 59 (range 14-70) years] who underwent radical surgery for MM found to have pathological N2 disease over a 7-year-period. EPP was performed on 45 and P/D on 12 @entity0 . Prognostic factors, postoperative course, pathological data and postoperative survival were analysed. RESULTS: Those in the P/D group were significantly older (median age 62 vs 58 years, p=0.03) than in the EPP group. There was no difference in postoperative hospital stay (p=0.1) nor T stage (p=0.7) between the groups. There were no significant differences in the proportion of @entity0 undergoing some adjuvant therapy in each group (p=0.2). Mean survival from diagnosis was 15 months in the EPP group and 16 months for those who underwent P/D (p=0.4). CONCLUSIONS: Preservation of the lung during radical surgery for N2 MM does not compromise survival even in an older group population. We therefore now have ceased to perform EPP in cases of N2 disease and we make every effort to accurately stage @entity0 with mediastinoscopy to identify them.

title: Case-control study between extrapleural pneumonectomy and radical pleurectomy/decortication for pathological XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of some @entity1 comorbidities found to be associated with suicidal behavior in previous studies and to evaluate their influence on suicidal behavior in a sample of @entity0 with @entity3 . METHOD: We assessed 239 bipolar @entity0 from January 2005 to January 2007. @entity6 diagnosis was performed according to the DSM-IV using a structured interview (the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus), and @entity7 was assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV @entity5 . Lifetime suicide history was assessed using a semistructured interview in addition to a review of medical records. RESULTS: There were 99 @entity0 (41.4%) with a history of previous suicide attempts. The @entity1 comorbidities associated with suicidal behavior were @entity7 (chi(2) = 36.008, p = .0001), @entity8 (chi(2) = 5.537, p = .019), @entity4 (chi(2) = 12.820, p = .001), other drug addictions (chi(2) = 10.055, p = .02), generalized @entity2 (chi(2) = 10.216, p = .001), and smoking (chi(2) = 9.070, p = .003). However, when logistic regression analyses were used, only the diagnosis of @entity5 remained significant (Wald chi(2) = 19.13, p = .0001). When analyzing the subtypes of suicide attempts, we found that @entity7 and @entity4 were associated with violent suicide attempts. CONCLUSION: A diagnosis of @entity7 or @entity4 (only for violent sub-type of suicidal behavior) was the only comorbidity independently associated with suicide in @entity0 with @entity3 . For suicide prevention, screening to identify @entity0 at high risk for suicidal behavior should be performed routinely in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Suicidal behavior in XXXX : what is the influence of @entity1 comorbidities?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of some @entity1 comorbidities found to be associated with suicidal behavior in previous studies and to evaluate their influence on suicidal behavior in a sample of @entity0 with @entity3 . METHOD: We assessed 239 bipolar @entity0 from January 2005 to January 2007. @entity6 diagnosis was performed according to the DSM-IV using a structured interview (the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview-Plus), and @entity7 was assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV @entity5 . Lifetime suicide history was assessed using a semistructured interview in addition to a review of medical records. RESULTS: There were 99 @entity0 (41.4%) with a history of previous suicide attempts. The @entity1 comorbidities associated with suicidal behavior were @entity7 (chi(2) = 36.008, p = .0001), @entity8 (chi(2) = 5.537, p = .019), @entity4 (chi(2) = 12.820, p = .001), other drug addictions (chi(2) = 10.055, p = .02), generalized @entity2 (chi(2) = 10.216, p = .001), and smoking (chi(2) = 9.070, p = .003). However, when logistic regression analyses were used, only the diagnosis of @entity5 remained significant (Wald chi(2) = 19.13, p = .0001). When analyzing the subtypes of suicide attempts, we found that @entity7 and @entity4 were associated with violent suicide attempts. CONCLUSION: A diagnosis of @entity7 or @entity4 (only for violent sub-type of suicidal behavior) was the only comorbidity independently associated with suicide in @entity0 with @entity3 . For suicide prevention, screening to identify @entity0 at high risk for suicidal behavior should be performed routinely in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Suicidal behavior in @entity3 : what is the influence of XXXX comorbidities?

answer: @entity1


abstract: The interactions occurring between host and graft leg epidermis at a non-congruent junction were studied in the cockroach, @entity1 . Graft and host tibia were cut perpendicular to the proximal-distal @entity0 and two heteropleural combinations were used to reverse separately the two transverse axes of the graft relative to the host. Use of dark and light cuticle colour mutants gave a good indication of the graft or host origin of regenerated structures. Graft/host junctions regenerated segmented structures in various spatial arrangements, always comprising two copies of all structures distal to the level of the junction. It is concluded that the categories--two separate laterals, double lateral, completely and partially autonomous regeneration--reflect two processes. (i) If the graft tarsus is removed, graft and host may not heal together and interact, but form autonomous regenerates lying in mirror-image symmetry separating original graft and host levels. (ii) If interaction occurs between graft and host (or their developing autonomous regenerates) two laterals of dual origin are produced, one from each point of transverse @entity0 . These laterals may secondarily fuse together to form a double structure originating from a point of congruity. The orientation and composition of the component tarsi of the double structure depend on the site of origin and the extent to which the two laterals fuse. It is argued that the four 'faces' and two 'transverse axes' of the leg are merely descriptive terms. A new model is developed whereby lateral regeneration arises directly from the circumferential organisation of the leg epidermis. Previous work has shown that position is specified continuously around the circumference, and that intercalary regeneration occurs by the shortest route between confronted positions. After reversal of one 'transverse @entity0 ' the shortest route between confronted graft and host positions is different on the two sides of each of the two points of ' @entity0 ' incongruity, and at these points the two halves of a complete circumference are formed. These lateral circumferences, like the terminal circumference exposed by amputation, cannot heal over by intercalary regeneration, and this leads to regeneration of distal structures. The model accounts for lateral regeneration after reversal of both 'transverse axes' by 180 degrees rotation of a homopleural graft. The possibility is discussed that there may be clonal restrictions on the circumferential positions which the progeny of a cell may occupy.

title: Leg regeneration in the cockroach, XXXX . II. Regeneration from a non-congruent tibial graft/host junction.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Distant metastases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in @entity1 with @entity0 . The ability to predict the metastatic proclivity is essential in choosing the optimal treatment. @entity2 size and grade, which are frequently used markers in node-negative @entity0 @entity1 , are inadequate markers for prognosis and individualized treatment design. The steps in metastatic progression include @entity4 , invasion, and changes in adhesion characteristics. We developed a strategy for choosing biomarkers representing these steps in malignant progression to identify @entity1 with occult metastases who will need chemotherapy and spare those @entity1 whose @entity2 have not developed the capacity to spread. To evaluate the added significance of @entity3 to that of @entity5 and @entity4 in determining metastatic proclivity, we used archival material from 168 node-negative @entity0 @entity1 who were treated with mastectomy without any adjuvant chemotherapy or hormone therapy. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect @entity3 and @entity5 expression, whereas @entity4 was determined by microvessel count (MVC) after immunohistochemical staining. The median follow-up is 14 years. We found that @entity3 is better in identifying the poor prognosis @entity1 . The 14-year disease-free survival (DFS) is 84%, 80%, and 56% in @entity1 with high, intermediate, and low @entity3 . The worst prognosis group using @entity5 and MVC as biomarkers has a 14-year DFS of 62%. In this group, if @entity3 is low, the 14-year DFS is further decreased to 44%. @entity5 and MVC are better in identifying the good prognosis @entity1 . The long-term DFS is >90% if MVC is low or if @entity5 is high. Multivariate analysis shows that @entity3 , @entity5 , and MVC are more significant prognostic biomarkers than @entity2 size or grade. Loss of @entity3 appears to be a latter step in the metastatic progression compared to @entity4 and the loss of @entity5 expression.

title: Separating favorable from unfavorable prognostic markers in XXXX : the role of @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Distant metastases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in @entity1 with @entity0 . The ability to predict the metastatic proclivity is essential in choosing the optimal treatment. @entity2 size and grade, which are frequently used markers in node-negative @entity0 @entity1 , are inadequate markers for prognosis and individualized treatment design. The steps in metastatic progression include @entity4 , invasion, and changes in adhesion characteristics. We developed a strategy for choosing biomarkers representing these steps in malignant progression to identify @entity1 with occult metastases who will need chemotherapy and spare those @entity1 whose @entity2 have not developed the capacity to spread. To evaluate the added significance of @entity3 to that of @entity5 and @entity4 in determining metastatic proclivity, we used archival material from 168 node-negative @entity0 @entity1 who were treated with mastectomy without any adjuvant chemotherapy or hormone therapy. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect @entity3 and @entity5 expression, whereas @entity4 was determined by microvessel count (MVC) after immunohistochemical staining. The median follow-up is 14 years. We found that @entity3 is better in identifying the poor prognosis @entity1 . The 14-year disease-free survival (DFS) is 84%, 80%, and 56% in @entity1 with high, intermediate, and low @entity3 . The worst prognosis group using @entity5 and MVC as biomarkers has a 14-year DFS of 62%. In this group, if @entity3 is low, the 14-year DFS is further decreased to 44%. @entity5 and MVC are better in identifying the good prognosis @entity1 . The long-term DFS is >90% if MVC is low or if @entity5 is high. Multivariate analysis shows that @entity3 , @entity5 , and MVC are more significant prognostic biomarkers than @entity2 size or grade. Loss of @entity3 appears to be a latter step in the metastatic progression compared to @entity4 and the loss of @entity5 expression.

title: Separating favorable from unfavorable prognostic markers in @entity0 : the role of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Enhanced sensitivity to the chromosome-damaging effects of ionizing radiation is a feature of many @entity2 -predisposing conditions. It has been suggested that @entity1 with @entity0 are deficient in the repair of radiation-induced DNA damage. We have now investigated whether mutagen sensitivity is related to mutations in the @entity0 gene @entity6 . We studied the induction and repair of DNA damage in lymphocytes of @entity1 from families with @entity0 and @entity5 . The mutagens used were gamma-irradiation and @entity4 and the DNA effects were determined with the micronucleus test and the comet assay. @entity1 with a @entity6 mutation (n = 12) and relatives without the familial mutation (n = 10) were compared to controls (i.e., healthy @entity1 without family history of @entity5 ; n = 17). Our results indicate a close relationship between the presence of a @entity6 mutation and sensitivity for the induction of micronuclei. Compared to a concurrent control, 10 of 11 @entity1 with a @entity6 mutation showed elevated radiation sensitivity. Of the 10 related @entity1 without the familial mutation, only 2 had clearly enhanced micronucleus frequencies. In addition to the sensitivity toward gamma-irradiation, @entity3 toward @entity4 was also observed, indicating that the mutagen sensitivity is not solely due to a defect in the repair of DNA double strand breaks. In contrast to the results with the micronucleus assay, we found no significant difference between @entity1 with and without a @entity6 mutation with respect to the induction and repair of DNA damage in the comet assay. This finding suggests a normal rate of damage removal and points to a disturbed fidelity of DNA repair as a direct or indirect consequence of a @entity6 mutation. Our results support the usefulness of induced micronucleus frequencies as a biomarker for @entity2 predisposition and suggest its application as a screening test for carriers of a @entity6 mutation in @entity0 families.

title: Induced micronucleus frequencies in peripheral lymphocytes as a screening test for carriers of a XXXX mutation in @entity0 families.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Enhanced sensitivity to the chromosome-damaging effects of ionizing radiation is a feature of many @entity2 -predisposing conditions. It has been suggested that @entity1 with @entity0 are deficient in the repair of radiation-induced DNA damage. We have now investigated whether mutagen sensitivity is related to mutations in the @entity0 gene @entity6 . We studied the induction and repair of DNA damage in lymphocytes of @entity1 from families with @entity0 and @entity5 . The mutagens used were gamma-irradiation and @entity4 and the DNA effects were determined with the micronucleus test and the comet assay. @entity1 with a @entity6 mutation (n = 12) and relatives without the familial mutation (n = 10) were compared to controls (i.e., healthy @entity1 without family history of @entity5 ; n = 17). Our results indicate a close relationship between the presence of a @entity6 mutation and sensitivity for the induction of micronuclei. Compared to a concurrent control, 10 of 11 @entity1 with a @entity6 mutation showed elevated radiation sensitivity. Of the 10 related @entity1 without the familial mutation, only 2 had clearly enhanced micronucleus frequencies. In addition to the sensitivity toward gamma-irradiation, @entity3 toward @entity4 was also observed, indicating that the mutagen sensitivity is not solely due to a defect in the repair of DNA double strand breaks. In contrast to the results with the micronucleus assay, we found no significant difference between @entity1 with and without a @entity6 mutation with respect to the induction and repair of DNA damage in the comet assay. This finding suggests a normal rate of damage removal and points to a disturbed fidelity of DNA repair as a direct or indirect consequence of a @entity6 mutation. Our results support the usefulness of induced micronucleus frequencies as a biomarker for @entity2 predisposition and suggest its application as a screening test for carriers of a @entity6 mutation in @entity0 families.

title: Induced micronucleus frequencies in peripheral lymphocytes as a screening test for carriers of a @entity6 mutation in XXXX families.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In 20 @entity1 anaesthetized with @entity3 and spinalized at the thoracolumbar junction we investigated the role of stimulation induced accumulation of extracellular @entity2 in the spinal cord in the processing of nociceptive discharges from the knee joint. For that we electrically stimulated the posterior articular nerve of the knee. We further performed innocuous and noxious stimulation of the knee and of other parts of the leg and studied the effect of an acute @entity0 of the knee on [K+]0 in the spinal cord. Innocuous stimulation of the skin (brushing or touching) and innocuous movements in the knee joint all induced rises in [K+]0 which were maximal at recording depths of 1500 to 2200 microns below the surface of the cord dorsum. Peak increases were 0.4 mM for touching the leg and 1.7 mM during rhythmic flexion/extension of the knee joint. Noxious stimulation of the skin, the paw, the tendon and noxious movements of the knee joint also produced rises in [K+]0, which were somewhat larger for the individual types of stimuli than those produced by innocuous intensities. Electrical stimulation of the posterior articular nerve induced rises in [K+]0 by up to 0.6 mM. Stimulus intensities sufficient to activate unmyelinated group IV fibers were only slightly effective in raising [K+]0 above the levels reached during stimulation of myelinated group II and III fibers. During development of an acute @entity0 of the knee joint (induced by @entity4 and carrageenan), increases in [K+]0 and associated field potentials became larger by about 25%. We assume that this reflects an increase in neuronal responses. In conclusion, changes in [K+]0 in the spinal cord are somewhat larger during noxious stimulation than during innocuous stimulation. The absolute level reached depended more on the site and type of stimulation than on the actual stimulus intensity itself. Hence a critical role of spinal K+ accumulation for nociception is unlikely.

title: Changes in extracellular XXXX concentration in cat spinal cord in response to innocuous and noxious stimulation of legs with healthy and inflamed knee joints.

answer: @entity2


abstract: As coronary interventional technology improves, the influence of lesion length (LL) on procedural success and device selection may vary. Thus, the authors prospectively analyzed 957 consecutive coronary interventions (CI) in 1,404 stenoses to ascertain the influence of lesion length on CI outcome. @entity2 morphology was prospectively classified by the AHA/ACC criteria. LL was analyzed both as dichotomous (S: < 10 mm, L: > 10 mm) variables and by the three-tiered AHA/ACC criteria (I: < 10 mm, II: 10-20 mm, III: > 20 mm). There was a significant univariate relationship between CI success and S @entity2 (S: 95.8% vs L: 91.8%, p = 0.002 and I: 96.0%, II: 91.7%, III: 89.3%). Numerous interrelationships involving the morphologic characteristics were noted: lesion morphologies associated with S lesions were concentric (p = 0.0001) and had smooth contour (p = 0.0001), ostial location (p = 0.05) and little @entity1 (p = 0.0007), while irregular contour (p=0.0001), @entity1 (p=0.0076), eccentric (p=0.0001), @entity0 (p = 0.0001), recent (p = 0.0001) or chronic (p = 0.001) total occlusion were associated with L lesions. When these relationships were taken into account by multiple logistic regression analysis, lesion length was not predictive of procedural outcome (p = 0.099). One morphologic type was associated with increased CI success: irregular contour (p = 0.022); recent (p < 0.0001) or chronic (< 0.0001) occlusions were associated with decreased CI success. Another factor considered was device selection: S lesions were associated with greater balloon angioplasty usage (p = 0.002), whereas more coronary stents (p = 0.024) and rotoblator (p = 0.018) devices were used in L lesions. More balloon angioplasty was performed in concentric (p < 0.0001) lesions; interventional devices were employed more often in eccentric (p < 0.0001) and irregular lesions (p < 0.0001). More complications were noted in lesions with @entity0 (p = 0.0002), but lesion length was not predictive (p = NS). Lesion length is not a significant predictor of procedural success when adjusted for other lesion morphologies in the modern interventional era. The availability of new devices has improved the results in longer lesions since the AHA/ACC criteria were originally proposed.

title: The relative influence of lesion length and other XXXX morphologies on procedural success of coronary intervention.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diagnosis and prognosis in @entity0 are mainly based on histology and immunohistochemistry of @entity4 -fixed, @entity6 -embedded (FFPE) material. Recently, gene expression analysis was shown to elucidate the biological variance between @entity2 and molecular markers were identified that led to new classification systems that provided better prognostic and predictive parameters. Archived FFPE samples represent an ideal source of tissue for translational research, as millions of tissue blocks exist from routine diagnostics and from clinical studies. These should be exploited to provide clinicians with more accurate prognostic and predictive information. Unfortunately, RNA derived from FFPE material is partially degraded and chemically modified and reliable gene expression measurement has only become successful after implementing novel and optimized procedures for RNA isolation, demodification and detection. METHODS: In this study we used tissue cylinders as known from the construction of tissue microarrays. RNA was isolated with a robust protocol recently developed for RNA derived from FFPE material. Gene expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. RESULTS: Sixteen tissue blocks from 7 @entity1 diagnosed with multiple histological subtypes of @entity0 were available for this study. After verification of appropriate localization, sufficient RNA yield and quality, 30 tissue cores were available for gene expression measurement on TaqMan(R) Low Density Arrays (16 @entity5 ( @entity5 ), 8 @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and 6 normal tissue), and 14 tissue cores were lost. Gene expression values were used to calculate scores representing the proliferation status (PRO), the @entity3 receptor status and the @entity7 status. The PRO scores measured from entire sections were similar to PRO scores determined from @entity5 tissue cores. Scores determined from normal tissue cores consistently revealed lower PRO scores than cores derived from @entity5 or @entity8 of the same block or from different blocks of the same @entity1 . CONCLUSION: We have developed optimized protocols for RNA isolation from histologically distinct areas. RNA prepared from FFPE tissue cores is suitable for gene expression measurement by quantitative PCR. Distinct molecular scores could be determined from different cores of the same @entity2 specimen.

title: Gene expression variation between distinct areas of @entity0 measured from XXXX -embedded tissue cores.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diagnosis and prognosis in @entity0 are mainly based on histology and immunohistochemistry of @entity4 -fixed, @entity6 -embedded (FFPE) material. Recently, gene expression analysis was shown to elucidate the biological variance between @entity2 and molecular markers were identified that led to new classification systems that provided better prognostic and predictive parameters. Archived FFPE samples represent an ideal source of tissue for translational research, as millions of tissue blocks exist from routine diagnostics and from clinical studies. These should be exploited to provide clinicians with more accurate prognostic and predictive information. Unfortunately, RNA derived from FFPE material is partially degraded and chemically modified and reliable gene expression measurement has only become successful after implementing novel and optimized procedures for RNA isolation, demodification and detection. METHODS: In this study we used tissue cylinders as known from the construction of tissue microarrays. RNA was isolated with a robust protocol recently developed for RNA derived from FFPE material. Gene expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. RESULTS: Sixteen tissue blocks from 7 @entity1 diagnosed with multiple histological subtypes of @entity0 were available for this study. After verification of appropriate localization, sufficient RNA yield and quality, 30 tissue cores were available for gene expression measurement on TaqMan(R) Low Density Arrays (16 @entity5 ( @entity5 ), 8 @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and 6 normal tissue), and 14 tissue cores were lost. Gene expression values were used to calculate scores representing the proliferation status (PRO), the @entity3 receptor status and the @entity7 status. The PRO scores measured from entire sections were similar to PRO scores determined from @entity5 tissue cores. Scores determined from normal tissue cores consistently revealed lower PRO scores than cores derived from @entity5 or @entity8 of the same block or from different blocks of the same @entity1 . CONCLUSION: We have developed optimized protocols for RNA isolation from histologically distinct areas. RNA prepared from FFPE tissue cores is suitable for gene expression measurement by quantitative PCR. Distinct molecular scores could be determined from different cores of the same @entity2 specimen.

title: Gene expression variation between distinct areas of XXXX measured from @entity6 -embedded tissue cores.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the CT and MR characteristics of @entity1 , rare epithelial neoplasms of the ovary. METHOD: CT and MR scans of eight pathologically proven @entity1 of the ovary (seven benign, one malignant, and one associated with @entity3 ) were retrospectively reviewed. The masses were analyzed for location, size, external configuration, internal architecture, enhancement pattern, presence of @entity2 , and metastatic spread. RESULTS: The @entity0 ' median age was 63 years (range 39-79 years), and the mean size of the @entity1 was 11.4 cm (7.5-17 cm). All @entity1 were unilateral and had a well-defined margin. The mass was mostly solid in three, mostly cystic in one, and "mixed" solid and cystic in four cases. The @entity1 with cystic components (n = 5) were mostly multilocular in appearance (n = 4). All the solid components showed mild homogeneous enhancement on postcontrast CT and MRI. Extensive amorphous @entity2 within the solid component on CT was seen in five of six cases (83%). No characteristic findings discriminating @entity4 could be found. CONCLUSION: Extensive amorphous @entity2 in a solid mass or solid component in a multilocular cystic mass is a characteristic finding of @entity4 and MRI.

title: XXXX : CT and MR findings.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance in @entity2 has compromised the effectiveness of therapy for @entity0 and asymptomatic nasopharyngeal carriers play an important role in transmission of resistant strains. METHOD: Eighty-eight volunteer students attending 2 secondary schools in Jos, Nigeria were involved in this study to determine the antimicrobial resistant profile of @entity2 isolated from the nasopharynx. The study population consisted of males and females between the ages of 15-25 years. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were analyzed for the presence of @entity4 using standard bacteriological methods. The isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disc diffusion method. RESULTS: @entity4 was isolated from 37 (42.04%) of the 88 samples. Isolates showed the highest resistance of 12 (32.43%) to @entity5 and lowest resistance of 4 (10.81%) to @entity3 . The resistance profiles for the 26 (70.27%) @entity1 -sensitive and 11 (29.72%) @entity1 -resistant isolates were similar. Both exhibited varying degrees of resistance to several groups of antimicrobials. However, isolates found to be resistant to @entity1 showed a higher degree of resistance to other antimicrobial agents. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that some secondary school students are carriers of multiple antibiotic-resistant @entity4 .

title: Antimicrobial resistant profile of XXXX isolated from the nasopharynx of secondary school students in Jos, Nigeria.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between @entity0 's @entity4 self-efficacy, trait- @entity1 , @entity3 , clinical state of the disease ( @entity2 , disability, number of somatic complaints and @entity5 ) and age of the @entity0 . METHODS: Trait @entity1 and @entity3 of JIA @entity0 were measured by standardized scales (STAIC and @entity7 ). For assessing self-efficacy CASE-scale was used. @entity2 , CHAQ and active joint count were used as indicators of the disease severity. The K-means cluster procedure was used to classify 145 consecutively recruited @entity0 aged 8 to 15, regarding age, trait- @entity1 and @entity3 . One-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) followed by separate ANOVA's was used for comparisons between the cluster groups. Associations between the cluster groups and the @entity0 's self-efficacy were then evaluated using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). RESULTS: Four cluster groups were identified based on the degree of @entity3 and trait- @entity1 . Clinical disease-related parameters differed significantly in the cluster groups. @entity2 was not necessarily related to the severity of the disease or to the diagnosis ( @entity6 , oligoextended and @entity4 ). A higher level of self-efficacy was related to lower levels of @entity3 , trait @entity1 and @entity2 . CONCLUSION: In JIA, the clinical classification of disease activity and severity did not directly correspond with @entity3 and trait- @entity1 in @entity0 with JIA. Instead, these were regulated by a self-efficacy, which was associated with less @entity2 and somatic complaints.

title: Empirical classification of @entity0 with JIA: a multidimensional approach to XXXX and well-being.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between @entity0 's @entity4 self-efficacy, trait- @entity1 , @entity3 , clinical state of the disease ( @entity2 , disability, number of somatic complaints and @entity5 ) and age of the @entity0 . METHODS: Trait @entity1 and @entity3 of JIA @entity0 were measured by standardized scales (STAIC and @entity7 ). For assessing self-efficacy CASE-scale was used. @entity2 , CHAQ and active joint count were used as indicators of the disease severity. The K-means cluster procedure was used to classify 145 consecutively recruited @entity0 aged 8 to 15, regarding age, trait- @entity1 and @entity3 . One-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) followed by separate ANOVA's was used for comparisons between the cluster groups. Associations between the cluster groups and the @entity0 's self-efficacy were then evaluated using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). RESULTS: Four cluster groups were identified based on the degree of @entity3 and trait- @entity1 . Clinical disease-related parameters differed significantly in the cluster groups. @entity2 was not necessarily related to the severity of the disease or to the diagnosis ( @entity6 , oligoextended and @entity4 ). A higher level of self-efficacy was related to lower levels of @entity3 , trait @entity1 and @entity2 . CONCLUSION: In JIA, the clinical classification of disease activity and severity did not directly correspond with @entity3 and trait- @entity1 in @entity0 with JIA. Instead, these were regulated by a self-efficacy, which was associated with less @entity2 and somatic complaints.

title: Empirical classification of XXXX with JIA: a multidimensional approach to @entity2 and well-being.

answer: @entity0


abstract: It has been suggested that measurement of red blood cell (RBC) volume, by red cell analyzers (RCA), may be used to distinguish glomerular from non-glomerular @entity2 . The RCA measures all urinary particles, including RBC. We found that red cell volume distribution curves (RVDC) obtained with a Coulter S+IV RCA were non-specific in predicting the cause of @entity2 . Normal RBC added to urine at about 15,000/mm3 produced the expected non-glomerular RCVDC but at decreasing RBC concentrations mixed and then glomerular RCVDCs were found. Urine from 7 normal subjects (6 without urinary RBC) showed particle volume distribution curves identical to glomerular RCVDC. These urinary particles were examined by @entity4 ( @entity4 ) after filtration (3 microns and 0.8 micron pore size). Hematuric urine from a @entity0 after prostatectomy contained RBC (3.5-9.5 microns diameter) and particulate debris (1.0-7.5 microns diameter). Similar results were obtained for a @entity0 with crescentic @entity1 (particles 1-13 microns diameter). Attempts to separate glomerular urinary RBC from debris by centrifugation against a @entity3 polymer were unsuccessful. The shape of the RCVDC obtained with RCA is altered by the presence of debris in urine. The true MCV of glomerular RBC is still unknown. The usefulness of RCA in the diagnosis of @entity2 is limited to @entity0 with large numbers of urinary RBC.

title: Red cell volume distribution curves in the diagnosis of glomerular and non-glomerular XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We studied 77 @entity0 with biopsy-proven @entity7 and pulmonary manifestations, to characterize the nature and frequency of the clinical, imaging and endoscopic features of this condition. Pulmonary symptoms were cough, mild @entity6 , hemoptysis and @entity4 . Five @entity0 had no pulmonary symptoms. Imaging features consisted of nodules, infiltrates and @entity2 . A CT scan proved useful by disclosing cavities in @entity2 or @entity2 which were not seen on an x-ray film. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in 74 @entity0 , and it was macroscopically abnormal in 55 percent (showing @entity1 or @entity5 or both or @entity3 ). Six @entity0 presented with @entity3 . Four @entity0 had a pleural exudate rich in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The @entity7 was limited to the lung in seven @entity0 . Sixteen @entity0 died because of active disease or iatrogenic complications (two). An improved knowledge of clinical and imaging features of @entity7 could help the clinician reach an earlier diagnosis.

title: XXXX . A clinical and imaging study of 77 cases.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Over a period of seven years, 474 @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or @entity4 were admitted on 782 occasions to the St. Francis Medical Center, Trenton, New Jersey. Abdominal surgery was performed on 16 (3.4 percent) @entity0 , 14 (88 percent) of whom were heterosexual intravenous drug users. Anorectal surgery was performed on 20 (4.2 percent), 14 (70 percent) of whom were intravenous drug users. Intravenous drug users undergoing abdominal surgery had the same types of surgical abdominal conditions that occur in the general population. None required surgery for complications secondary to cytomegalovirus, @entity3 , or visceral @entity5 . The postoperative morbidity rate was 72 percent. The postoperative mortality rate (30 day) was 0 percent. No intravenous drug users who underwent anorectal surgery had associated @entity1 or @entity2 . Five of six homosexual @entity0 had either an @entity1 or an associated @entity2 . Anorectal wounds did not heal within one month in one third of the intravenous drug users. The rate of wound healing was inversely related to the white blood cell count. One third of the intravenous drug users undergoing anorectal surgery were dead within six months.

title: Abdominal and anorectal surgery and the XXXX in heterosexual intravenous drug users.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated response rates to and @entity2 of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory aggressive @entity9 ( @entity10 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with recurrent or refractory diffuse large @entity9 or @entity6 (DLBCL) were eligible for enrollment in this study. Treatment consisted of @entity1 1,000 mg/m(2) intravenously (i.v.) on Days 1 and 8, @entity7 2,000 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 1, @entity3 40 mg orally on Days 1-4, and @entity5 130 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 2, every 21 days. The primary goal of treatment was to establish a response rate after three cycles. Afterwards, @entity0 could proceed to high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDC-ASCT) or receive up to six treatment cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-seven eligible @entity0 were evaluated for @entity2 and response. The median age of the @entity0 was 54 years (range, 18-75 years), and most had DLBCL. After three cycles, there were four CR (15%) and 10 PR (37%) for an overall response rate (RR) of 52%. Among a total of 88 GIDOX cycles, grade 3 and 4 @entity8 occurred in 33% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Likewise, grade 3 and 4 @entity4 occurred in 14% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Two @entity0 (2%) experienced @entity8 , while seven @entity0 (26%) proceeded to HDC-ASCT. CONCLUSIONS: GIDOX is an active salvage regimen for aggressive B-cell @entity10 and can be tolerated by @entity0 with acceptable @entity2 .

title: Salvage therapy with @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and XXXX (GIDOX) for @entity9 : a consortium for improving survival of lymphoma (CISL) trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated response rates to and @entity2 of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory aggressive @entity9 ( @entity10 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with recurrent or refractory diffuse large @entity9 or @entity6 (DLBCL) were eligible for enrollment in this study. Treatment consisted of @entity1 1,000 mg/m(2) intravenously (i.v.) on Days 1 and 8, @entity7 2,000 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 1, @entity3 40 mg orally on Days 1-4, and @entity5 130 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 2, every 21 days. The primary goal of treatment was to establish a response rate after three cycles. Afterwards, @entity0 could proceed to high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDC-ASCT) or receive up to six treatment cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-seven eligible @entity0 were evaluated for @entity2 and response. The median age of the @entity0 was 54 years (range, 18-75 years), and most had DLBCL. After three cycles, there were four CR (15%) and 10 PR (37%) for an overall response rate (RR) of 52%. Among a total of 88 GIDOX cycles, grade 3 and 4 @entity8 occurred in 33% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Likewise, grade 3 and 4 @entity4 occurred in 14% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Two @entity0 (2%) experienced @entity8 , while seven @entity0 (26%) proceeded to HDC-ASCT. CONCLUSIONS: GIDOX is an active salvage regimen for aggressive B-cell @entity10 and can be tolerated by @entity0 with acceptable @entity2 .

title: Salvage therapy with @entity1 , XXXX , @entity3 , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for @entity9 : a consortium for improving survival of lymphoma (CISL) trial.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated response rates to and @entity2 of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory aggressive @entity9 ( @entity10 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with recurrent or refractory diffuse large @entity9 or @entity6 (DLBCL) were eligible for enrollment in this study. Treatment consisted of @entity1 1,000 mg/m(2) intravenously (i.v.) on Days 1 and 8, @entity7 2,000 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 1, @entity3 40 mg orally on Days 1-4, and @entity5 130 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 2, every 21 days. The primary goal of treatment was to establish a response rate after three cycles. Afterwards, @entity0 could proceed to high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDC-ASCT) or receive up to six treatment cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-seven eligible @entity0 were evaluated for @entity2 and response. The median age of the @entity0 was 54 years (range, 18-75 years), and most had DLBCL. After three cycles, there were four CR (15%) and 10 PR (37%) for an overall response rate (RR) of 52%. Among a total of 88 GIDOX cycles, grade 3 and 4 @entity8 occurred in 33% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Likewise, grade 3 and 4 @entity4 occurred in 14% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Two @entity0 (2%) experienced @entity8 , while seven @entity0 (26%) proceeded to HDC-ASCT. CONCLUSIONS: GIDOX is an active salvage regimen for aggressive B-cell @entity10 and can be tolerated by @entity0 with acceptable @entity2 .

title: Salvage therapy with @entity1 , @entity7 , XXXX , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for @entity9 : a consortium for improving survival of lymphoma (CISL) trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated response rates to and @entity2 of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory aggressive @entity9 ( @entity10 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with recurrent or refractory diffuse large @entity9 or @entity6 (DLBCL) were eligible for enrollment in this study. Treatment consisted of @entity1 1,000 mg/m(2) intravenously (i.v.) on Days 1 and 8, @entity7 2,000 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 1, @entity3 40 mg orally on Days 1-4, and @entity5 130 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 2, every 21 days. The primary goal of treatment was to establish a response rate after three cycles. Afterwards, @entity0 could proceed to high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDC-ASCT) or receive up to six treatment cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-seven eligible @entity0 were evaluated for @entity2 and response. The median age of the @entity0 was 54 years (range, 18-75 years), and most had DLBCL. After three cycles, there were four CR (15%) and 10 PR (37%) for an overall response rate (RR) of 52%. Among a total of 88 GIDOX cycles, grade 3 and 4 @entity8 occurred in 33% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Likewise, grade 3 and 4 @entity4 occurred in 14% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Two @entity0 (2%) experienced @entity8 , while seven @entity0 (26%) proceeded to HDC-ASCT. CONCLUSIONS: GIDOX is an active salvage regimen for aggressive B-cell @entity10 and can be tolerated by @entity0 with acceptable @entity2 .

title: Salvage therapy with @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for XXXX : a consortium for improving survival of lymphoma (CISL) trial.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated response rates to and @entity2 of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory aggressive @entity9 ( @entity10 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 with recurrent or refractory diffuse large @entity9 or @entity6 (DLBCL) were eligible for enrollment in this study. Treatment consisted of @entity1 1,000 mg/m(2) intravenously (i.v.) on Days 1 and 8, @entity7 2,000 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 1, @entity3 40 mg orally on Days 1-4, and @entity5 130 mg/m(2) i.v. on Day 2, every 21 days. The primary goal of treatment was to establish a response rate after three cycles. Afterwards, @entity0 could proceed to high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDC-ASCT) or receive up to six treatment cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-seven eligible @entity0 were evaluated for @entity2 and response. The median age of the @entity0 was 54 years (range, 18-75 years), and most had DLBCL. After three cycles, there were four CR (15%) and 10 PR (37%) for an overall response rate (RR) of 52%. Among a total of 88 GIDOX cycles, grade 3 and 4 @entity8 occurred in 33% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Likewise, grade 3 and 4 @entity4 occurred in 14% and 16% of the cycles, respectively. Two @entity0 (2%) experienced @entity8 , while seven @entity0 (26%) proceeded to HDC-ASCT. CONCLUSIONS: GIDOX is an active salvage regimen for aggressive B-cell @entity10 and can be tolerated by @entity0 with acceptable @entity2 .

title: Salvage therapy with XXXX , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity5 (GIDOX) for @entity9 : a consortium for improving survival of lymphoma (CISL) trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: Recurrent @entity6 after thyroidectomy can be unrecognized without routine laryngoscopy, and @entity0 have a good potential for recovery during follow-up. DESIGN: A prospective evaluation of vocal cord function before and after thyroidectomy. Periodic vocal cord assessment was performed until recovery of cord function. Persistent @entity7 for longer than 12 months after the operation was regarded as permanent. SETTING: A university hospital with about 150 thyroid operations performed by 1 surgical team per year. @entity0 : From January 1, 1995, to April 30, 1998, 500 consecutive @entity0 (84 males and 416 females) with documented normal cord function at the ipsilateral side of the thyroidectomy were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Vocal @entity5 after thyroidectomy. RESULTS: There were 213 unilateral and 287 bilateral procedures, with 787 nerves at risk of injury. Thirty-three @entity0 (6.6%) developed postoperative unilateral @entity5 , and 5 (1.0%) had recognizable @entity2 during the operations. Complete recovery of vocal cord function was documented in 26 (93%) of 28 @entity0 . The incidence of temporary and permanent @entity7 was 5.2% and 1.4% (3.3% and 0.9% of nerves at risk), respectively. Among factors analyzed, surgery for malignant @entity1 and recurrent @entity9 was associated with an increased risk of @entity3 . Primary operations for benign @entity8 were associated with a 5.3% and 0.3% incidence (3.4% and 0.2% of nerves at risk) of transient and @entity3 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Unrecognized recurrent @entity7 occurred after thyroidectomy. Thyroid surgery for @entity1 and recurrent @entity9 was associated with an increased risk of permanent recurrent @entity2 . Postoperative vocal @entity4 recovered in most @entity0 without @entity2 .

title: A prospective evaluation of recurrent XXXX during thyroidectomy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: One thousand, four hundred and forty-six @entity1 with @entity0 treated with Halsted mastectomy (167), Patey mastectomy (732), and conservative surgery with axillary dissection, either at the same time (340), or separately (207), were evaluated with regard to the number and distribution of axillary lymph nodes. A total of 29,378 were removed and examined, on average 20.3 per @entity1 . The average number of nodes was 13.5 at the first level, 4.5 at the second and 2.3 at the third. The same number of nodes were removed in @entity1 treated with extensive surgery, such as Halsted mastectomy and limited surgery such as lumpectomy and in independent axillary dissection. In 839 cases @entity2 were found in the axilla. The average number of involved nodes was 6.4. Out of 839 @entity1 , the first level was the site of @entity2 in 828, the second level in 364 and the third in 187. When a single lymph node was involved, it was nearly always at the first level. In only 11 cases, were the second and/or third levels invaded without @entity2 at the first level. Therefore, the percentage of cases with skipping @entity2 was very low (1.3%). It appears from the present data that the spread of @entity0 follows a regular pattern; the first level is invaded first, whilst in most cases, the second and third levels are involved only when the first is substantially affected.

title: Extent of metastatic axillary involvement in 1446 cases of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: Peritonitis is a well-known indication for surgery, but its preoperative cause usually is not established. We hypothesize that abdominal ultrasonography is superior to the clinical impression of the surgeon in detecting the cause of @entity1 . DESIGN: A prospective case series. SETTING: A major university hospital in Taiwan, Republic of China. @entity0 AND METHODS: One hundred two @entity0 with a diagnosis of @entity1 admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, were included in this study. All 102 @entity0 underwent an abdominal ultrasonographic examination; and the ultrasonographic findings of these @entity0 were classified into 2 categories: positive findings and normal screening results. The accuracy of clinical impression in detecting the cause of @entity1 was compared with the accuracy of abdominal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Ultrasonography and clinical impression accurately diagnosed the @entity1 in 85 (83.3%) and 52 (51.0%) of the @entity0 , respectively. The difference between ultrasonography and clinical impression in the diagnosis of @entity1 was significant (P<.001). Among 45 @entity0 without a preoperative clinical diagnosis, a diagnosis was made by ultrasonography for 32 (71%) of them. There were a total of 98 @entity0 with positive ultrasonographic findings, and 4 @entity0 had normal screening results. Of the 98 @entity0 with positive ultrasonographic findings undergoing surgery, all had abdominal pathological characteristics. The 4 @entity0 with normal screening results received nonoperative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography is a more sensitive technique than clinical judgment in diagnosing @entity1 . Ultrasonography may be a useful diagnosing modality in @entity0 with @entity1 in whom the clinical cause is unclear.

title: Accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of XXXX compared with the clinical impression of the surgeon.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is associated with increased generation of free @entity2 radicals and depleted scavenging potential (oxidative stress), leading to increased LDL oxidation and platelet hyperreactivity, the major components of @entity5 . A main goal of antioxidant therapy is to protect the LDL particle from atherogenic oxidation and to reduce the activated cellular hemostasis. METHODS: We evaluated the influence of a high dose supplementation with 800 IU of the natural antioxidant @entity11 ( @entity4 ) per day for six months on serum levels, @entity4 load of LDL particles (HPLC), lag phase of LDL oxidation (Esterbauer's assay), platelet adhesion molecules, @entity6 (flow cytometry, D-III protocol) and coagulation (INR/PTT) in a group of 36 @entity0 with @entity3 2 @entity1 (f/m 22/14; age 58+/-8.0; @entity9 at baseline 10.25+/-1.7). RESULTS: Average @entity4 levels increased 2.65-fold accompanied by a 1.83-fold increase of LDL-associated @entity4 and a 12.3 min prolongation of the lag-phase of LDL oxidation (p<0.001 for all parameters at six months). Platelet expression of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) (-30.2% positive cells, p<0.001; antigen density -25%, p<0.001), @entity10 ( @entity10 ) (-2.9% positive cells, p<0.01; antigen density -10.6%, p<0.001) and fibrinogen (-1.6% positive cells, p<0.001; antigen density - 16.1 %, p<0.001) decreased. Concomitantly, platelet-leukocyte-coaggregation increased by 44% (p<0.001), correlating to an INR reduction of 10.4% (1.06+/-0.09 to 0.95+/-0.09, p<0.001, r = - 0.34). The PTT remained constant. CONCLUSION: The antioxidant protection from the increased @entity4 was accompanied by a decreased expression of constitutive and function-dependent platelet adhesion molecules. However, @entity6 and a shortened INR time suggest extrinsic coagulation activation, possibly by induction of a leukocyte tissue factor dependent mechanism. High dose supplements of @entity7 may override the available redox balance in well controlled @entity3 2 @entity1 . However, intrinsic effects of @entity7 must be discussed.

title: High dose supplementation of @entity11 decreases cellular hemostasis but accelerates plasmatic coagulation in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is associated with increased generation of free @entity2 radicals and depleted scavenging potential (oxidative stress), leading to increased LDL oxidation and platelet hyperreactivity, the major components of @entity5 . A main goal of antioxidant therapy is to protect the LDL particle from atherogenic oxidation and to reduce the activated cellular hemostasis. METHODS: We evaluated the influence of a high dose supplementation with 800 IU of the natural antioxidant @entity11 ( @entity4 ) per day for six months on serum levels, @entity4 load of LDL particles (HPLC), lag phase of LDL oxidation (Esterbauer's assay), platelet adhesion molecules, @entity6 (flow cytometry, D-III protocol) and coagulation (INR/PTT) in a group of 36 @entity0 with @entity3 2 @entity1 (f/m 22/14; age 58+/-8.0; @entity9 at baseline 10.25+/-1.7). RESULTS: Average @entity4 levels increased 2.65-fold accompanied by a 1.83-fold increase of LDL-associated @entity4 and a 12.3 min prolongation of the lag-phase of LDL oxidation (p<0.001 for all parameters at six months). Platelet expression of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) (-30.2% positive cells, p<0.001; antigen density -25%, p<0.001), @entity10 ( @entity10 ) (-2.9% positive cells, p<0.01; antigen density -10.6%, p<0.001) and fibrinogen (-1.6% positive cells, p<0.001; antigen density - 16.1 %, p<0.001) decreased. Concomitantly, platelet-leukocyte-coaggregation increased by 44% (p<0.001), correlating to an INR reduction of 10.4% (1.06+/-0.09 to 0.95+/-0.09, p<0.001, r = - 0.34). The PTT remained constant. CONCLUSION: The antioxidant protection from the increased @entity4 was accompanied by a decreased expression of constitutive and function-dependent platelet adhesion molecules. However, @entity6 and a shortened INR time suggest extrinsic coagulation activation, possibly by induction of a leukocyte tissue factor dependent mechanism. High dose supplements of @entity7 may override the available redox balance in well controlled @entity3 2 @entity1 . However, intrinsic effects of @entity7 must be discussed.

title: High dose supplementation of XXXX decreases cellular hemostasis but accelerates plasmatic coagulation in @entity1 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: The beneficial role of intertrochanteric varus or valgus osteotomy in the treatment of hip @entity2 has been recognised since the 1920s. Even today, it has an important role to delay the need for hip replacement in younger @entity0 . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term results of intertrochanteric varus osteotomy for @entity1 . Between 1980 and 1995, 52 hips with @entity2 underwent an intertrochanteric varus osteotomy. All @entity0 could be followed up after 17.8  years. Radiographic assessment included centre-edge (CE) angle of Wiberg and collodiaphyseal (CCD) angle. @entity3 was classified according to Crowe. @entity2 was graded according to T  nnis. @entity2 was Tonnis grade 1 in 19 hips, grade 2 in 28 and grade 3 in five. Complications were also documented. Clinical evaluation included score according to Merle d'Aubign  , Harris Hip Score and range of motion. Six of 52 @entity0 underwent total hip replacement (THR) within five  years after intertrochanteric osteotomy. In these cases, preoperative @entity2 was grade 3 in four cases and grade 2 in one case according to T  nnis. Twenty-five of 52 @entity0 underwent THR after an interval of five to ten years after intertrochanteric osteotomy. In these cases, preoperative @entity2 was grade 3 in one case and grade 2 in 24 cases according to T  nnis. Sixteen of 52 @entity0 underwent THR after an interval of ten to 15  years after intertrochanteric osteotomy. In these cases, preoperative @entity2 was grade 2 in four cases and grade 1 in 12 cases according to T  nnis. In five @entity0 the hip was functioning well after a period longer than 15  years. In all these cases @entity2 was grade 1 according to T  nnis. In 40.4% of @entity0 , THR was delayed longer than ten  years. The osteotomy performed well at a mean time of 9.7  years after the procedure (range 3-21). Intertrochanteric varus osteotomy for @entity1 should be considered in early or mild osteoarthritic changes of the hip. Good prognosis with delay of THR of more than ten  years can be expected to exceed 40%, even when indications are less than optimum.

title: Long-term results of intertrochanteric varus osteotomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Factors affecting colectomy rate were studied in a retrospective population based series of 1586 @entity0 with @entity1 , in Stockholm County during 1955-84. Five hundred and sixty eight @entity0 (36%) had @entity2 at diagnosis, 603 @entity0 (38%) @entity2 , and 397 @entity0 (25%) @entity3 . During a median period of observation of 13 years 514 @entity0 were treated by colectomy. The five, 10, and 25 year cumulative colectomy rate were 20% ( @entity4 -22%), 28% (CI 26-30%), and 45% (CI 41-49%) respectively. The main factor affecting the colectomy rate was the extent of disease at diagnosis. @entity0 with @entity2 showed a five, 10, and 25 year cumulative colectomy rate of 32% (CI 28-36%), 42% (CI 38-46%), and 65% (CI 58-72%) respectively. Ten per cent of the 1586 @entity0 had a colectomy during the first year after diagnosis, 4% during the second year and 1% during subsequent years. The age at diagnosis and sex did not affect the cumulative colectomy rate. Elective colectomy was performed in 322 cases (63%) and acute colectomy in 192. The duration of disease before colectomy fell during the study period due to a more standardised criteria for colectomy in severe attacks. One hundred and twenty nine (66%) of the acute colectomies were performed within two years from diagnosis.

title: Factors affecting colectomy rate in XXXX : an epidemiologic study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 is a @entity4 of @entity1 worldwide. The Virginia isolate of A. marginale was propagated previously in a cell line derived from embryos of the tick, @entity2 . The cultured Anaplasma (VA-tc) was passaged continuously for over 4 years and retained its infectivity for cattle and antigenic stability. We report herein the continuous in vitro cultivation of a second isolate of A. marginale derived from a naturally infected @entity1 in Oklahoma (OK-tc). Blood from the infected @entity1 was subinoculated into a splenectomized @entity1 and blood collected at peak @entity3 was frozen, thawed and used as inoculum on confluent tick cell monolayers. Colonies of Anaplasma were apparent in low numbers at 9 days post exposure (PE) and @entity0 in monolayers reached 100% by 4-5 weeks PE. Cultures were passaged by placing supernatant onto fresh tick cell monolayers at a dilution of 1:5 or 1:10. By the third passage development of the OK-tc was similar to that of the VA-tc and a 1:5 dilution resulted in 100% @entity0 in 10-12 days. Inoculation of OK-tc into a splenectomized @entity1 caused clinical @entity5 and Dermacentor ticks that fed on this @entity1 transmitted the organism to a second susceptible @entity1 . Major surface proteins (MSPs) 1-5 of the OK-tc were compared with homologous proteins present on VA-tc and the erythrocytic stage of the Oklahoma isolate. The MSPs 1, 2, 4, 5 were conserved on the OK-tc but there was evidence for structural variation in MSP3 between the cultured and erythrocytic stage of Anaplasma. MSP2 and MSP3 were the major proteins recognized by serum from infected @entity1 . Two-dimensional gels also identified positional differences between @entity7 in MSP2 and MSP3. The OK-tc may have potential to be used as antigen for development of an improved vaccine for @entity5 in the South Central United States.

title: Establishment and characterization of an Oklahoma isolate of XXXX in cultured @entity2 cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity6 is a @entity4 of @entity1 worldwide. The Virginia isolate of A. marginale was propagated previously in a cell line derived from embryos of the tick, @entity2 . The cultured Anaplasma (VA-tc) was passaged continuously for over 4 years and retained its infectivity for cattle and antigenic stability. We report herein the continuous in vitro cultivation of a second isolate of A. marginale derived from a naturally infected @entity1 in Oklahoma (OK-tc). Blood from the infected @entity1 was subinoculated into a splenectomized @entity1 and blood collected at peak @entity3 was frozen, thawed and used as inoculum on confluent tick cell monolayers. Colonies of Anaplasma were apparent in low numbers at 9 days post exposure (PE) and @entity0 in monolayers reached 100% by 4-5 weeks PE. Cultures were passaged by placing supernatant onto fresh tick cell monolayers at a dilution of 1:5 or 1:10. By the third passage development of the OK-tc was similar to that of the VA-tc and a 1:5 dilution resulted in 100% @entity0 in 10-12 days. Inoculation of OK-tc into a splenectomized @entity1 caused clinical @entity5 and Dermacentor ticks that fed on this @entity1 transmitted the organism to a second susceptible @entity1 . Major surface proteins (MSPs) 1-5 of the OK-tc were compared with homologous proteins present on VA-tc and the erythrocytic stage of the Oklahoma isolate. The MSPs 1, 2, 4, 5 were conserved on the OK-tc but there was evidence for structural variation in MSP3 between the cultured and erythrocytic stage of Anaplasma. MSP2 and MSP3 were the major proteins recognized by serum from infected @entity1 . Two-dimensional gels also identified positional differences between @entity7 in MSP2 and MSP3. The OK-tc may have potential to be used as antigen for development of an improved vaccine for @entity5 in the South Central United States.

title: Establishment and characterization of an Oklahoma isolate of @entity6 in cultured XXXX cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Necrotizing @entity8 involving the upper extremities is an uncommon, but potentially life-threatening @entity5 . Surgical records were reviewed to identify its mortality risk factors. METHODS: A 10-year retrospective review was conducted of all @entity0 with @entity7 treated in a tertiary care hospital in northern Taiwan. The demographic data, physical and laboratory findings and salient information with respect to the treatment and clinical outcome were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 were identified. The mean age of the all-male cohort was 60.2 years (range, 44-83 years). Five of the @entity0 died, yielding a mortality rate of 35.7%. At the time of presentation, all 14 @entity0 had @entity3 and swelling, but @entity4 occurred in only 7 @entity0 . Associated chronic debilitating diseases, of which @entity1 was the most common, were present in 9 individuals. @entity0 underwent an average of two surgical debridements. The initial presentation in a state of altered @entity6 or respiratory distress was found to be a statistically significant factors for eventual mortality (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results showed that necrotizing @entity8 of the upper extremity is associated with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and referral for aggressive surgical treatment before the development of @entity2 signs are therefore considered to be essential for survival.

title: Factors affecting the mortality of necrotizing XXXX involving the upper extremities.

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity8 is a rare, @entity3 in the central nerve system and in the colorectal system. This report describes a Turcot @entity0 with an extraordinary clinical history. The @entity0 is still alive at the age of 43. She was operated at the age of 10 by @entity5 and at the age of 16 by @entity2 . She has since then been treated for multiple @entity1 ( @entity7 ), and removal of @entity9 at several occasions. The aim of this work was to investigate if there was any specific genotype that explains her remarkable clinical history. @entity4 and immunohistochemistry analysis for four DNA mismatch repair proteins were performed. DNA mutation analysis was done for genes involved in @entity6 and mismatch repair by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and sequencing. cDNA analysis was carried out for the mismatch repair gene @entity10 . The @entity0 genotype was found to be a homozygous splice site mutation in the @entity10 gene, @entity11 , which resulted in two abnormal transcripts, not one as expected. The @entity0 's long time survival may in part be explained by meticulous follow up by health care professionals. The other importing factor is probably the nature of here genotype. cDNA analysis showed that the homozygous mutation led to two abnormal transcripts, of which one is perhaps less detrimental. Thus cDNA analysis is of prime importance for the full evaluation of the effect of putative splicing mutations.

title: A homozygote splice site XXXX mutation as cause of @entity8 gives rise to two different abnormal transcripts.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity8 is a rare, @entity3 in the central nerve system and in the colorectal system. This report describes a Turcot @entity0 with an extraordinary clinical history. The @entity0 is still alive at the age of 43. She was operated at the age of 10 by @entity5 and at the age of 16 by @entity2 . She has since then been treated for multiple @entity1 ( @entity7 ), and removal of @entity9 at several occasions. The aim of this work was to investigate if there was any specific genotype that explains her remarkable clinical history. @entity4 and immunohistochemistry analysis for four DNA mismatch repair proteins were performed. DNA mutation analysis was done for genes involved in @entity6 and mismatch repair by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and sequencing. cDNA analysis was carried out for the mismatch repair gene @entity10 . The @entity0 genotype was found to be a homozygous splice site mutation in the @entity10 gene, @entity11 , which resulted in two abnormal transcripts, not one as expected. The @entity0 's long time survival may in part be explained by meticulous follow up by health care professionals. The other importing factor is probably the nature of here genotype. cDNA analysis showed that the homozygous mutation led to two abnormal transcripts, of which one is perhaps less detrimental. Thus cDNA analysis is of prime importance for the full evaluation of the effect of putative splicing mutations.

title: A homozygote splice site @entity10 mutation as cause of XXXX gives rise to two different abnormal transcripts.

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity3 , @entity2 and @entity0 -17beta were measured by radio-immunoassay (RIA) in the gonads of the clam Ruditapes decussatus. The reproductive cycle was also investigated. Our study covered a period of one year, from September 2003 to August 2004. The chosen site "Kerkennah", located out of industrial effluents, belongs to the gulf of @entity4  s area (Tunisia). @entity1 varied from 178 to 2459 pg g(-1) wet mass for @entity3 , from 40 to 326 pg g(-1) wet mass for @entity2 and from 10 to 235 pg g(-1) wet mass for @entity0 -17beta in females. However in males, these @entity1 ranged from 304 to 2303 pg g(-1) wet mass for @entity3 , from 81 to 381 pg g(-1) wet mass for @entity2 and from 48 to 168 pg g(-1) wet mass for @entity0 -17beta. The reproductive cycle of R. decussatus, investigated by histological examination of gonadic sections, showed that gametogenesis occurred from April to February in males and from April to November in females. @entity3 and @entity2 increased at the end of gametogenesis in both sexes. The highest @entity0 -17beta was recorded at the beginning of vitellogenesis in females. Fluctuations in the levels of sex @entity1 during the reproductive cycle suggest their possible role as endogenous modulators of gametogenesis in R. decussatus. Although this species is considered as gonochoristic, 0.83% of hermaphrodites were observed.

title: Variation of steroid concentrations during the reproductive cycle of the clam Ruditapes decussatus: a one year study in the gulf of XXXX  s area.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the outcome after surgical repair of @entity4 in adults, analysing its effect on arterial blood pressure. METHODS: Twenty-five adults (9 @entity0 , 16 @entity0 ), mean age 43.4 years (19 to 70 years), underwent @entity4 surgical repair. All @entity0 suffered from preoperative @entity1 . Mean blood pressure was 182/97 mm Hg. Sixteen (64%) @entity0 demonstrated reduced load capacity. Operative technique was resection and end-to-end @entity2 for 5 @entity0 (20%), interposition of a Dacron-tube graft for 3 @entity0 (12%), Dacron-patch dilatation was performed in 7 (28%) @entity0 , and in 10 (40%) @entity0 we performed an extra-anatomical bypass graft. RESULTS: Early mortality occurred in 1 @entity0 (4%). The mean blood pressure was reduced [systolic 182 mm Hg vs. 139 mm Hg (p < 0.001), diastolic 97 mm Hg vs. 83 mm Hg (p < 0.001)] in all @entity0 . In 12 @entity0 , blood pressure normalized immediately after surgery, in 7 @entity0 it remained slightly elevated (systolic blood pressure between 140-160 mm Hg), and 1 @entity0 suffered from prolonged arterial @entity1 . Preoperatively, all @entity0 were treated with antihypertensive drugs. Eleven of 20 @entity0 received long-term medication during follow- up. In the remaining 4 @entity0 , medication lists were unobtainable in retrospect. The mean follow-up was 7.1 years (min. 1.0 years; max. 16.6 years). One @entity0 (5%) died from @entity3 12.4 years after the operation. On average, the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class was improved by 0.92. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical repair of @entity4 in adults can be performed with low surgical risk. Surgery reduces @entity1 and permits more effective medical treatment.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX in adults: Beneficial effect on arterial @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the outcome after surgical repair of @entity4 in adults, analysing its effect on arterial blood pressure. METHODS: Twenty-five adults (9 @entity0 , 16 @entity0 ), mean age 43.4 years (19 to 70 years), underwent @entity4 surgical repair. All @entity0 suffered from preoperative @entity1 . Mean blood pressure was 182/97 mm Hg. Sixteen (64%) @entity0 demonstrated reduced load capacity. Operative technique was resection and end-to-end @entity2 for 5 @entity0 (20%), interposition of a Dacron-tube graft for 3 @entity0 (12%), Dacron-patch dilatation was performed in 7 (28%) @entity0 , and in 10 (40%) @entity0 we performed an extra-anatomical bypass graft. RESULTS: Early mortality occurred in 1 @entity0 (4%). The mean blood pressure was reduced [systolic 182 mm Hg vs. 139 mm Hg (p < 0.001), diastolic 97 mm Hg vs. 83 mm Hg (p < 0.001)] in all @entity0 . In 12 @entity0 , blood pressure normalized immediately after surgery, in 7 @entity0 it remained slightly elevated (systolic blood pressure between 140-160 mm Hg), and 1 @entity0 suffered from prolonged arterial @entity1 . Preoperatively, all @entity0 were treated with antihypertensive drugs. Eleven of 20 @entity0 received long-term medication during follow- up. In the remaining 4 @entity0 , medication lists were unobtainable in retrospect. The mean follow-up was 7.1 years (min. 1.0 years; max. 16.6 years). One @entity0 (5%) died from @entity3 12.4 years after the operation. On average, the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class was improved by 0.92. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical repair of @entity4 in adults can be performed with low surgical risk. Surgery reduces @entity1 and permits more effective medical treatment.

title: Surgical treatment of @entity4 in adults: Beneficial effect on arterial XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity8 of the central nervous system is exceedingly rare in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The symptoms may be misleading. Most of the reported cases occurred in males with long-standing, nodular, destructive, @entity12 . Severe constitutional symptoms and prominent extraarticular manifestations of @entity8 were usually present. We report a case of @entity13 in a 59-year-old @entity0 with a 20-year history of destructive @entity5 that was well controlled by @entity9 . @entity1 that was unresponsive to symptomatic treatment developed abruptly, together with gait disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed dot-like areas of high-signal in a periventricular subcortical distribution on both sides. Magnetic resonance angiography visualized a long tight stenosis of the right internal carotid artery and a string-of-beads stenosis of the left internal carotid artery suggesting @entity8 . Pulse therapy with @entity10 (1 g/d for 3 days) and @entity7 (1 g) once a month ensured resolution of the @entity2 and laboratory evidence of @entity3 . There was no evidence of a relapse at last follow-up after 5 months. @entity13 is usually treated with monthly glucocorticoid and @entity7 boluses separated by continuous glucocorticoid therapy. @entity6 antagonists may be effective in @entity0 who fail to respond to conventional treatment. However, other vasculitides such as @entity4 and @entity11 must be ruled out, as they are refractory to @entity6 antagonist therapy.

title: XXXX in a @entity0 with @entity5 .

answer: @entity13


abstract: @entity8 of the central nervous system is exceedingly rare in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The symptoms may be misleading. Most of the reported cases occurred in males with long-standing, nodular, destructive, @entity12 . Severe constitutional symptoms and prominent extraarticular manifestations of @entity8 were usually present. We report a case of @entity13 in a 59-year-old @entity0 with a 20-year history of destructive @entity5 that was well controlled by @entity9 . @entity1 that was unresponsive to symptomatic treatment developed abruptly, together with gait disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed dot-like areas of high-signal in a periventricular subcortical distribution on both sides. Magnetic resonance angiography visualized a long tight stenosis of the right internal carotid artery and a string-of-beads stenosis of the left internal carotid artery suggesting @entity8 . Pulse therapy with @entity10 (1 g/d for 3 days) and @entity7 (1 g) once a month ensured resolution of the @entity2 and laboratory evidence of @entity3 . There was no evidence of a relapse at last follow-up after 5 months. @entity13 is usually treated with monthly glucocorticoid and @entity7 boluses separated by continuous glucocorticoid therapy. @entity6 antagonists may be effective in @entity0 who fail to respond to conventional treatment. However, other vasculitides such as @entity4 and @entity11 must be ruled out, as they are refractory to @entity6 antagonist therapy.

title: @entity13 in a @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity8 of the central nervous system is exceedingly rare in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The symptoms may be misleading. Most of the reported cases occurred in males with long-standing, nodular, destructive, @entity12 . Severe constitutional symptoms and prominent extraarticular manifestations of @entity8 were usually present. We report a case of @entity13 in a 59-year-old @entity0 with a 20-year history of destructive @entity5 that was well controlled by @entity9 . @entity1 that was unresponsive to symptomatic treatment developed abruptly, together with gait disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed dot-like areas of high-signal in a periventricular subcortical distribution on both sides. Magnetic resonance angiography visualized a long tight stenosis of the right internal carotid artery and a string-of-beads stenosis of the left internal carotid artery suggesting @entity8 . Pulse therapy with @entity10 (1 g/d for 3 days) and @entity7 (1 g) once a month ensured resolution of the @entity2 and laboratory evidence of @entity3 . There was no evidence of a relapse at last follow-up after 5 months. @entity13 is usually treated with monthly glucocorticoid and @entity7 boluses separated by continuous glucocorticoid therapy. @entity6 antagonists may be effective in @entity0 who fail to respond to conventional treatment. However, other vasculitides such as @entity4 and @entity11 must be ruled out, as they are refractory to @entity6 antagonist therapy.

title: @entity13 in a XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: D6 scavenges inflammatory chemokines and is essential for the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. Mechanisms explaining the cellular basis for D6 function have been based on D6 expression by lymphatic endothelial cells. In this study, we demonstrate that functional D6 is also expressed by @entity1 and @entity0 hemopoietic cells and that this expression can be regulated by pro- and anti-inflammatory agents. D6 expression was highest in B cells and dendritic cells (DCs). In myeloid cells, LPS down-regulated expression, while @entity3 up-regulated expression. Activation of T cells with anti-CD3 and soluble @entity2 up-regulated mRNA expression 20-fold, while maturation of @entity0 macrophage and megakaryocyte precursors also up-regulated D6 expression. Competition assays demonstrated that chemokine uptake was D6 dependent in @entity0 leukocytes, whereas @entity1 D6-null cells failed to uptake and clear inflammatory chemokines. Furthermore, we present evidence indicating that D6 expression is @entity4 dependent, thus explaining D6 expression in myeloid progenitor cells, mast cells, megakaryocytes, and DCs. We propose a model for D6 function in which leukocytes, within inflamed sites, activate D6 expression and thus trigger resolution of inflammatory responses. Our data on D6 expression by circulating DCs and B cells also suggest alternative roles for D6, perhaps in the coordination of innate and adaptive immune responses. These data therefore alter our models of in vivo D6 function and suggest possible discrete, and novel, roles for D6 on lymphatic endothelial cells and leukocytes.

title: Hemopoietic cell expression of the chemokine decoy receptor D6 is dynamic and regulated by XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: As part of new drug development initiatives in Thailand, a new tablet formulation of @entity5 ( @entity4 , an antimalarial drug) has been developed. Our previous bioequivalence study indicated that the new and reference @entity4 formulations were well tolerated; however, a significant decrease in hemoglobin was detected after a single 200-mg oral dose. To explore further, a clinical study with an emphasis on hematological parameters was conducted. METHODS: A single-center, randomized, single-blind, cross-over clinical study was conducted in 18 healthy volunteers with a dosage of 300 mg daily for 2 days. @entity2 was used as a comparator. Adverse events were monitored and laboratory parameters on study Days 0, 2, 5, and 7 post drug administrations were analyzed. RESULTS: Eighteen volunteers completed both rounds of the study. Both drugs were well tolerated. All adverse events were mild. Significant decrease in hemoglobin compared to baseline was detected for both drugs 7 days after administration ( @entity4 : 0.48 g/dl, p = 0.007; artesunate 0.38 g/dl, p = 0.001). Transient @entity1 was evidenced by reduction of reticulocytes with a lowest number on study Day 5 (artesunate 75% reduction in reticulocyte count; @entity4 47%, p < 0.001 for both drugs compared to baseline). CONCLUSION: The present study confirmed our previous finding on significant decrease in hemoglobin. Artesunate appeared to have more negative effects on the numbers of reticulocytes and white blood cells than @entity4 . Systemic laboratory and @entity0 profiles presented in this study may be used as a framework for future clinical studies of @entity3 and its derivatives.

title: Comparative study of @entity5 and XXXX safety in healthy Thai volunteers.

answer: @entity2