abstract: Clinical management of in situ @entity2 of the breast is different from invasive @entity2 . Thus, it is important to find cytomorphologic criteria to distinguish between these two entities. The current study is designed to assess whether, by applying strict cytologic criteria, the status of stromal invasion can be predicted. In this retrospective study, 223 consecutive nonpalpable @entity0 sampled by ultrasound-guided breast fine-needle aspirates with diagnosis of in situ and @entity2 with histologic follow-up evaluation were retrieved. Ten cytologic parameters were evaluated, which included cellular clustering, eosinophilic differentiation, @entity1 , tubular structures, dirty background, nuclear anisonucleosis, cellular pleomorphism, cribriform pattern, tubular structures, and stromal infiltration. Among all the parameters examined, stromal infiltration was the most powerful predictor of status of invasion. Stromal infiltration was significantly higher in invasive (88%) than in situ (11%), P < 0.0001. In contrast, cribriform pattern (16% vs 36%) and @entity1 (19% vs 59%) were more frequently seen in situ than in invasive @entity2 with P-values of 0.0008 and <0.0001, respectively. This study demonstrates that stromal infiltration defined by strict criteria may predict the status of @entity0 invasion in breast fine-needle aspirates. The combination of stromal infiltration and cribriform pattern and @entity1 in aspirates may provide an opportunity in introducing a "predictive index" to differentiate between an in situ versus an invasive process.

title: Stromal infiltration as a predictor of XXXX invasion in breast fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Microparticulate formulations are often used for experimental prolongation of nerve blockade. Here we examine the effect of excipient composition on the biocompatibility of @entity3 -containing microparticles. Lipid-protein-sugar particles (LPSPs) composed of 3% (1.3-microm diameter) and 60% (4.7-microm diameter) (w/w) @entity4 ( @entity5 ) were produced by spray drying, containing 10% (w/w) @entity3 . @entity1 sciatic nerve blocks with 75 mg of particles produced statistically similar durations of @entity2 [3% (w/w) @entity5 particles: 301 min; 60% (w/w) @entity5 particles: 321 min]. Examination of tissues 1 day after injection revealed large particle deposits and acute @entity0 in animals that received 60% (w/w) @entity5 particles. There were no visible deposits in those that received 3% (w/w) @entity5 particles, and microscopic @entity0 was reduced. The difference between groups was similar 4 days after injection. Two weeks after injection, there was no particulate mass in either group, and @entity0 had largely resolved. In both groups, moderately severe myotoxicity was seen 1 and 4 days after injection but had largely resolved by 2 weeks. In summary, reduction in particles' @entity5 content greatly improved biocompatibility without compromising duration of nerve blockade; the improvement was probably attributable to the enhanced rate of particle resorption.

title: Effect of excipient composition on the biocompatibility of XXXX -containing microparticles at the sciatic nerve.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity8 ) induces differentiation of @entity0 @entity6 (DLD-1) cells in culture and reduces their tumorigenicity in @entity2 . The current investigation analyzed DLD-1 ( @entity3 ) cells for ultrastructural evidence of differentiation. Examination of treated and untreated confluent monolayers by transmission electron microscopy revealed an occasional intracytoplasmic lumen indicative of @entity5 . @entity8 -treated cells showed no signs of a toxic reaction. Cytoplasmic organelles were essentially unchanged except for an increase in tonofilaments and associated desmosomes. The number of desmosomes per unit length of contiguous cell border increased almost sixfold in treated monolayers. No other type of cell junction was seen. The increased frequency of desmosomes in @entity8 -treated cultures is significant because of the direct correlation known to exist between the number of desmosomes and degree of differentiation of some @entity0 @entity4 . Desmosomes serve as foci of cell adhesion and are reduced in number in some invasive @entity1 . Whether the supernumerary desmosomes in @entity8 -treated cells contribute to the reduction in malignant behavior of these cells in vivo remains to be determined.

title: Ultrastructural evidence of XXXX -induced differentiation of cultured @entity0 @entity6 cells. Increased expression of desmosomes.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity8 ) induces differentiation of @entity0 @entity6 (DLD-1) cells in culture and reduces their tumorigenicity in @entity2 . The current investigation analyzed DLD-1 ( @entity3 ) cells for ultrastructural evidence of differentiation. Examination of treated and untreated confluent monolayers by transmission electron microscopy revealed an occasional intracytoplasmic lumen indicative of @entity5 . @entity8 -treated cells showed no signs of a toxic reaction. Cytoplasmic organelles were essentially unchanged except for an increase in tonofilaments and associated desmosomes. The number of desmosomes per unit length of contiguous cell border increased almost sixfold in treated monolayers. No other type of cell junction was seen. The increased frequency of desmosomes in @entity8 -treated cultures is significant because of the direct correlation known to exist between the number of desmosomes and degree of differentiation of some @entity0 @entity4 . Desmosomes serve as foci of cell adhesion and are reduced in number in some invasive @entity1 . Whether the supernumerary desmosomes in @entity8 -treated cells contribute to the reduction in malignant behavior of these cells in vivo remains to be determined.

title: Ultrastructural evidence of @entity7 -induced differentiation of cultured @entity0 XXXX cells. Increased expression of desmosomes.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity8 ) induces differentiation of @entity0 @entity6 (DLD-1) cells in culture and reduces their tumorigenicity in @entity2 . The current investigation analyzed DLD-1 ( @entity3 ) cells for ultrastructural evidence of differentiation. Examination of treated and untreated confluent monolayers by transmission electron microscopy revealed an occasional intracytoplasmic lumen indicative of @entity5 . @entity8 -treated cells showed no signs of a toxic reaction. Cytoplasmic organelles were essentially unchanged except for an increase in tonofilaments and associated desmosomes. The number of desmosomes per unit length of contiguous cell border increased almost sixfold in treated monolayers. No other type of cell junction was seen. The increased frequency of desmosomes in @entity8 -treated cultures is significant because of the direct correlation known to exist between the number of desmosomes and degree of differentiation of some @entity0 @entity4 . Desmosomes serve as foci of cell adhesion and are reduced in number in some invasive @entity1 . Whether the supernumerary desmosomes in @entity8 -treated cells contribute to the reduction in malignant behavior of these cells in vivo remains to be determined.

title: Ultrastructural evidence of @entity7 -induced differentiation of cultured XXXX @entity6 cells. Increased expression of desmosomes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the relationship between recombinant @entity0 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 . METHODS: This was an observational cohort study in hemodialysis @entity0 . Adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, and required @entity7 dosage were measured in @entity2 ( @entity9 ; n=58) and @entity2 (non- @entity9 ; n=58) groups over 48 weeks. Furthermore, the @entity7 responsiveness index (required @entity7 dosage divided by hemoglobin) was evaluated with or without @entity3 in both groups. RESULTS: The @entity9 group had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and high sensitivity @entity8 (hs-CRP) levels but lower plasma high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group. Although hemoglobin levels were not significantly different, required @entity7 dosage was significantly higher in the @entity9 group than in the non- @entity9 group, particularly in the presence of @entity3 . The @entity9 group with @entity3 had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 , and hs-CRP levels but lower plasma HMW adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group with @entity3 . There was also a significant association between @entity7 dosage and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hs-CRP, @entity5 , @entity1 @entity4 factor a, leptin, and HMW adiponectin levels in @entity9 @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 @entity0 with @entity3 have a lower response to @entity7 and a higher resistance to insulin. This fact may explain the poor outcome of these @entity0 and demonstrate the importance of diagnosis and therapeutic management.

title: Relationship between @entity7 responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the relationship between recombinant @entity0 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 . METHODS: This was an observational cohort study in hemodialysis @entity0 . Adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, and required @entity7 dosage were measured in @entity2 ( @entity9 ; n=58) and @entity2 (non- @entity9 ; n=58) groups over 48 weeks. Furthermore, the @entity7 responsiveness index (required @entity7 dosage divided by hemoglobin) was evaluated with or without @entity3 in both groups. RESULTS: The @entity9 group had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and high sensitivity @entity8 (hs-CRP) levels but lower plasma high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group. Although hemoglobin levels were not significantly different, required @entity7 dosage was significantly higher in the @entity9 group than in the non- @entity9 group, particularly in the presence of @entity3 . The @entity9 group with @entity3 had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 , and hs-CRP levels but lower plasma HMW adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group with @entity3 . There was also a significant association between @entity7 dosage and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hs-CRP, @entity5 , @entity1 @entity4 factor a, leptin, and HMW adiponectin levels in @entity9 @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 @entity0 with @entity3 have a lower response to @entity7 and a higher resistance to insulin. This fact may explain the poor outcome of these @entity0 and demonstrate the importance of diagnosis and therapeutic management.

title: Relationship between @entity7 responsiveness, insulin resistance, and XXXX - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the relationship between recombinant @entity0 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 . METHODS: This was an observational cohort study in hemodialysis @entity0 . Adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, and required @entity7 dosage were measured in @entity2 ( @entity9 ; n=58) and @entity2 (non- @entity9 ; n=58) groups over 48 weeks. Furthermore, the @entity7 responsiveness index (required @entity7 dosage divided by hemoglobin) was evaluated with or without @entity3 in both groups. RESULTS: The @entity9 group had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and high sensitivity @entity8 (hs-CRP) levels but lower plasma high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group. Although hemoglobin levels were not significantly different, required @entity7 dosage was significantly higher in the @entity9 group than in the non- @entity9 group, particularly in the presence of @entity3 . The @entity9 group with @entity3 had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 , and hs-CRP levels but lower plasma HMW adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group with @entity3 . There was also a significant association between @entity7 dosage and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hs-CRP, @entity5 , @entity1 @entity4 factor a, leptin, and HMW adiponectin levels in @entity9 @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 @entity0 with @entity3 have a lower response to @entity7 and a higher resistance to insulin. This fact may explain the poor outcome of these @entity0 and demonstrate the importance of diagnosis and therapeutic management.

title: Relationship between XXXX responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the relationship between recombinant @entity0 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 . METHODS: This was an observational cohort study in hemodialysis @entity0 . Adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, and required @entity7 dosage were measured in @entity2 ( @entity9 ; n=58) and @entity2 (non- @entity9 ; n=58) groups over 48 weeks. Furthermore, the @entity7 responsiveness index (required @entity7 dosage divided by hemoglobin) was evaluated with or without @entity3 in both groups. RESULTS: The @entity9 group had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and high sensitivity @entity8 (hs-CRP) levels but lower plasma high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group. Although hemoglobin levels were not significantly different, required @entity7 dosage was significantly higher in the @entity9 group than in the non- @entity9 group, particularly in the presence of @entity3 . The @entity9 group with @entity3 had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 , and hs-CRP levels but lower plasma HMW adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group with @entity3 . There was also a significant association between @entity7 dosage and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hs-CRP, @entity5 , @entity1 @entity4 factor a, leptin, and HMW adiponectin levels in @entity9 @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 @entity0 with @entity3 have a lower response to @entity7 and a higher resistance to insulin. This fact may explain the poor outcome of these @entity0 and demonstrate the importance of diagnosis and therapeutic management.

title: Relationship between @entity7 responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - XXXX (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 with @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the relationship between recombinant @entity0 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis @entity0 . METHODS: This was an observational cohort study in hemodialysis @entity0 . Adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, and required @entity7 dosage were measured in @entity2 ( @entity9 ; n=58) and @entity2 (non- @entity9 ; n=58) groups over 48 weeks. Furthermore, the @entity7 responsiveness index (required @entity7 dosage divided by hemoglobin) was evaluated with or without @entity3 in both groups. RESULTS: The @entity9 group had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and high sensitivity @entity8 (hs-CRP) levels but lower plasma high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group. Although hemoglobin levels were not significantly different, required @entity7 dosage was significantly higher in the @entity9 group than in the non- @entity9 group, particularly in the presence of @entity3 . The @entity9 group with @entity3 had significantly higher plasma leptin, @entity5 , and hs-CRP levels but lower plasma HMW adiponectin levels compared to the non- @entity9 group with @entity3 . There was also a significant association between @entity7 dosage and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), hs-CRP, @entity5 , @entity1 @entity4 factor a, leptin, and HMW adiponectin levels in @entity9 @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 @entity0 with @entity3 have a lower response to @entity7 and a higher resistance to insulin. This fact may explain the poor outcome of these @entity0 and demonstrate the importance of diagnosis and therapeutic management.

title: Relationship between @entity7 responsiveness, insulin resistance, and @entity3 - @entity6 (MIA) syndrome in hemodialysis XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis of B-16 @entity3 metastatic variants was examined in vivo and in vitro to begin to assess the relationship between the presence of these polymers and the process of primary invasion and @entity0 . The variants that were examined for GAG production included the F-1 line that exhibits low metastatic potential, the @entity7 line selected for high metastatic potential, and the BL6 line selected for high invasiveness. The F-1 cell line was routinely less invasive than the @entity7 and BL6 lines when injected s.c. into the legs of irradiated Swiss Webster @entity2 . All cell lines formed palpable @entity1 after s.c. injection, but histological sections revealed early and extensive invasion in only @entity7 and BL6 @entity1 . The F-1 @entity1 were surrounded by a connective tissue capsule and did not begin to invade into host tissue until this structure disappeared approximately 16 days after injection of @entity1 cells. Some consistent alterations in GAG synthesis, particularly the release of hyaluronic acid and heparan @entity4 , were observed among the cell lines in vivo and in vitro, although differences observed in vitro were small and variable. In vivo all @entity1 were surrounded by a hyaluronic acid-rich zone that was concentrated at the @entity1 -stromal interface and was transitory. @entity6 occurred as a diffuse band around BL6 and @entity7 @entity1 but was confined to a capsule surrounding the less aggressive F-1 @entity1 . In vitro the BL6 and @entity7 cell lines released larger amounts of heparan @entity4 and @entity5 than did the F-1 cell line. Differences in release of chondroitin @entity4 by the cell lines were not observed. Differences in trypsin-releasable GAG, presumably associated with the glycocalyx, were also not apparent. These results link the release in vitro and organization in vivo of hyaluronic acid and heparan @entity4 to invasion and @entity0 .

title: Glycosaminoglycan production by @entity2 XXXX variants in vivo and in vitro.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis of B-16 @entity3 metastatic variants was examined in vivo and in vitro to begin to assess the relationship between the presence of these polymers and the process of primary invasion and @entity0 . The variants that were examined for GAG production included the F-1 line that exhibits low metastatic potential, the @entity7 line selected for high metastatic potential, and the BL6 line selected for high invasiveness. The F-1 cell line was routinely less invasive than the @entity7 and BL6 lines when injected s.c. into the legs of irradiated Swiss Webster @entity2 . All cell lines formed palpable @entity1 after s.c. injection, but histological sections revealed early and extensive invasion in only @entity7 and BL6 @entity1 . The F-1 @entity1 were surrounded by a connective tissue capsule and did not begin to invade into host tissue until this structure disappeared approximately 16 days after injection of @entity1 cells. Some consistent alterations in GAG synthesis, particularly the release of hyaluronic acid and heparan @entity4 , were observed among the cell lines in vivo and in vitro, although differences observed in vitro were small and variable. In vivo all @entity1 were surrounded by a hyaluronic acid-rich zone that was concentrated at the @entity1 -stromal interface and was transitory. @entity6 occurred as a diffuse band around BL6 and @entity7 @entity1 but was confined to a capsule surrounding the less aggressive F-1 @entity1 . In vitro the BL6 and @entity7 cell lines released larger amounts of heparan @entity4 and @entity5 than did the F-1 cell line. Differences in release of chondroitin @entity4 by the cell lines were not observed. Differences in trypsin-releasable GAG, presumably associated with the glycocalyx, were also not apparent. These results link the release in vitro and organization in vivo of hyaluronic acid and heparan @entity4 to invasion and @entity0 .

title: Glycosaminoglycan production by XXXX @entity3 variants in vivo and in vitro.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fourteen @entity0 with persistent @entity3 documented at second look laparotomy after combination chemotherapy were treated with 146 cycles of alpha-recombinant interferon (rIFN-alpha 2) administered i.p. The initial dose was 5 X 10(6) units which was escalated weekly to 50 X 10(6) units over 4 weeks and then continued weekly for a total of 16 weeks. Eleven @entity0 underwent surgical reevaluation after therapy which confirmed four pathological complete responses (36%), one partial response (9%), and disease progression in six @entity0 (55%). Five of seven @entity0 (71%) with @entity2 less than 5 mm had a surgically documented response, whereas there was no response in the four @entity0 whose @entity1 were greater than or equal to 5 mm. Three @entity0 were evaluable for clinical response only: one @entity0 who refused surgery had a complete clinical response with total resolution of @entity9 ; one had stable disease; and one had disease progression. Fever greater than or equal to 38 degrees C was seen in 58%, @entity5 greater than or equal to 39.0 degrees C was seen in 18%, @entity7 in 37%, @entity8 was reported in 22%, and one @entity0 had @entity6 . Peripheral white blood cell counts and i.p. washings were obtained pretreatment and on days 1, 3, and 7 after treatment. While there was no consistent alteration in peripheral white blood cell counts, the numbers of i.p. monocytes and lymphocytes showed a significant boost on day 1 after each dose of rIFN-alpha 2. Natural killer lymphocyte @entity4 was elevated in the i.p. cavity fluid obtained from most @entity0 on day 1 after treatment, while blood natural killer lymphocyte @entity4 values showed considerable variability. Pharmacokinetic studies show that i.p. levels of rIFN-alpha 2 were 30-1000 times blood levels. rIFN-alpha 2 i.p. may act by increasing concentrations of drug and augmenting regional host cells in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Intraperitoneal recombinant alpha-interferon for "salvage" immunotherapy in XXXX : a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy is used in the treatment of @entity0 and adolescents with @entity1 . Some of the chemotherapeutic agents are highly toxic and may cause a number of side effects. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects on hearing in @entity1 survivors who had received @entity4 -based chemotherapy in childhood or adolescence. PROCEDURE: Medical records of 297 @entity0 , who had received treatment for @entity1 at the @entity0 's Hospital, Landspitali University Hospital in Iceland between 1981 and 2006, were retrospectively reviewed. Fifteen subjects fulfilled the eligibility criteria for the study and underwent an extended audiometric evaluation. RESULTS: The results showed that three of the subjects had a high frequency @entity3 . In one subject, we observed a hearing recovery just after the completion of chemotherapy, but the hearing deteriorated again some years later. Nine of the 15 subjects (60%) had @entity2 after the @entity1 treatment. An evaluation of subjective @entity3 and handicap (The Hearing Measurements Scale) revealed that some subjects had great difficulties with hearing in certain situations. The Hearing Measurement Scale showed that the pure-tone audiogram findings were only partly associated with the apparent hearing difficulties. CONCLUSION: Regular follow-up hearing examinations, which include both pure-tone audiogram investigations and subjective @entity3 assessments, should be performed during and after chemotherapy to identify subjects who require particular attention. This will ensure that @entity3 individuals are provided with the most suitable listening devices, to promote good speech and social development.

title: Hearing impairment after XXXX -based chemotherapy in childhood.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify patterns of extracapsular extension of @entity2 of the hip. DESIGN AND @entity0 : Seven cases of @entity2 of the hip were retrospectively reviewed. Imaging performed included conventional radiography ( n=7), arthrography ( n=1), CT ( n=3) and MR imaging ( n=3). Disease extent on imaging was assessed for each @entity0 and the presence of intra-articular effusion, capsular abnormality and osteochondral bodies recorded. The presence and distribution of extra-articular spread was also assessed and correlated with the surgical findings. In all cases diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy, with all @entity0 undergoing @entity1 resection with or without synovectomy. RESULTS: In five cases (5/7) disease extended beyond the hip capsule, while the remaining two cases (2/7) were confined to the hip joint. These findings were confirmed at surgery. Two distinct patterns of extracapsular spread were identified. The first pattern, noted in three cases, involved @entity1 extension along iliopsoas. The second pattern, noted in five cases, involved @entity1 extension along the obturator externus fat plane. In three cases both patterns were present. CONCLUSIONS: Extra-articular spread of @entity2 is common. Patterns of extra-articular spread may be predictable based on involvement of recognized periarticular bursae of the hip joint. Bursal patterns of extra-articular spread include extension into the iliopsoas bursa as well as communication along the obturator externus bursa of the hip.

title: Primary XXXX of the hip: extracapsular patterns of spread.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A fast and simple micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic method was developed for the analysis of @entity5 in pharmaceutical formulations. The effects of buffer concentration, buffer pH, @entity0 ( @entity0 ) concentration, organic modifier, applied voltage and injection time were investigated. Optimum results were obtained with a 50 mM @entity4 buffer at pH 8.0 containing 50 mM @entity0 by using a fused @entity2 capillary (50 microm internal diameter, 72 cm effective length). The sample was injected hydrodynamically for 4 s at 50 mbar pressure and the applied voltage was +30 kV. The detection wavelength was set at 205 nm. @entity1 was used as an internal standard. The analysis was performed at 25 degrees C and the total run time was 14 min. The method was suitably validated with respect to linearity range, limit of detection and quantification, precision, accuracy, @entity3 and robustness. The linear calibration range was 5-100 microg mL(-1) and the limit of detection was determined as 1 microg mL(-1). The method developed was successfully applied to the determination of @entity5 in pharmaceutical formulations. The results were compared with a spectrophotometric method reported in the literature and no significant difference was found statistically.

title: Determination of XXXX in pharmaceutical formulations by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present our experience with severe pediatric @entity1 . The pediatric @entity1 is the leading cause of death in @entity0 under 2 years. METHODS: We achieved a retrospective study from 78 pediatric @entity0 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (UCI) for multiple @entity1 between 2000 and 2008. Age, sex, season, location, mechanism, Glasgow and ITP, type of injuries, complications, days of hospitalization and deaths were reviewed. It was performed descriptive and analytical study using the SPSS 15.0 and chi square and Pearson correlation were applied. OUTCOMES: The mean age of @entity0 was of 8.5 +/- 4.2 years with 70% @entity0 . Most accidents occurred in summer (37%) and the most common site was the road (47%). There was 15% of mortality, which the 75% occurred in the first 24 hours. There is an association between abdominal @entity1 and type of mechanism (p < 0.05). The most common mechanism was the traffic accident (45%) followed by a direct hit. Both ITP as Glasgow score were associated significantly with mortality and complications and with the hospital stay in the UCI there was a weak association but significant and negative (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Mortality is higher than other series but it may be because that these series include @entity1 . The fall down is the most frequent in pediatric emergencies but it was the mechanism that involves less admission to the UCI. Both ITP as Glasgow score are good indicators of severity and if their values decrease, the hospital stay in UCI and the mortality increase.

title: [Our experience in the poly-traumatized pediatric XXXX with criteria for admission to the ICU].

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6 are quite unusual lesions that represent less than 3% of all @entity2 and its malignant transformation is very uncommon. The clinical manifestations are characteristic of @entity4 and the hormonal metabolism is not usually modified. Radiography, employing ultrasound procedures, is the most commonly used pre-surgical detection method but only histological examination makes the diagnosis. The malignance recognition by pathological study not always is easy; in this sense, it requires an exhaustive sampling of the lesion, being specially carefully in some aspects related with malignant transformation such as extending beyond the capsula and involving peripheral tissues. A thyroidal differentiation must be confirmed by immunohistochemical study and other local processes with similar histology should be ruled out. Given the exceptional character of malignant forms, there does not appear to be unanimous agreement on a standard therapy with a somewhat uncertain prognosis. CASE REPORT: We show a case of a 22-year-old @entity0 with an @entity1 that was discovered by ultrasound examination and surgically removed. The histologic study revealed @entity6 with @entity3 and unlike previously published cases, had a prevalence of clear cells. The @entity0 was submitted to a second surgical staging intervention, with conservative surgery and follow-up controls being considered given that was a young @entity0 with a desire to have @entity0 . Laparoscopy was employed as the best method capable to facilitate shorter convalescence. OUTCOME: Clinical and analytical controls, measuring @entity5 levels, has been satisfactory up to the present.

title: XXXX mimic clear cell carcinoma.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity2 is the most common @entity3 in the world. The survival of @entity0 with @entity2 has not varied appreciably in recent years. The knowledge that genetic factors could play a role in the etiology and prognosis of @entity0 with sporadic @entity2 has opened up new lines of research. The aim of the study was to evaluate a group of @entity0 with @entity2 and the possible influence on the prognosis of immunohistochemical @entity7 , @entity6 and @entity5 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 37 cases of @entity2 were included in this study. @entity7 , @entity6 and @entity5 protein expression in @entity1 tissue sections was determined using immunohistochemical staining with specific monoclonal antibodies. A total of 37 @entity1 were analyzed for histopathology. The immunoexpression status of MMR genes was correlated with @entity1 stage, location, histology, gender and @entity5 immunoexpression. RESULTS: Of the 37 cases immunohistochemical analysis showed 13 (35.1%) had loss of expression of @entity7 , 5 (13.5%) had loss of expression of @entity6 , and five cases had loss of expression of both proteins. Multivariate analysis showed that right side dominance (p<0.05) poorly differentiated and male (p<0.05) were associated with loss of expression of @entity7 or @entity6 . Loss of expression of @entity7 or @entity6 correlated with low @entity5 expression (p>0.05). @entity5 immunoexpression was higher in the @entity1 location, stage D Dukes'a (p<0.05) and G2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that sporadic colorectal MMR-defective @entity4 display certain specific morphological characteristics. However, these pathological features are not sufficiently predictive and immunohistochemistry is needed to identify such @entity1 accurately. The researches on angiogenesis of @entity1 cells can be used as prognostic factors for the @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: [Diagnostic and prognostic values of repair protein @entity7 , XXXX and protein @entity5 immunoexpression in sporadic @entity2 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity2 is the most common @entity3 in the world. The survival of @entity0 with @entity2 has not varied appreciably in recent years. The knowledge that genetic factors could play a role in the etiology and prognosis of @entity0 with sporadic @entity2 has opened up new lines of research. The aim of the study was to evaluate a group of @entity0 with @entity2 and the possible influence on the prognosis of immunohistochemical @entity7 , @entity6 and @entity5 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 37 cases of @entity2 were included in this study. @entity7 , @entity6 and @entity5 protein expression in @entity1 tissue sections was determined using immunohistochemical staining with specific monoclonal antibodies. A total of 37 @entity1 were analyzed for histopathology. The immunoexpression status of MMR genes was correlated with @entity1 stage, location, histology, gender and @entity5 immunoexpression. RESULTS: Of the 37 cases immunohistochemical analysis showed 13 (35.1%) had loss of expression of @entity7 , 5 (13.5%) had loss of expression of @entity6 , and five cases had loss of expression of both proteins. Multivariate analysis showed that right side dominance (p<0.05) poorly differentiated and male (p<0.05) were associated with loss of expression of @entity7 or @entity6 . Loss of expression of @entity7 or @entity6 correlated with low @entity5 expression (p>0.05). @entity5 immunoexpression was higher in the @entity1 location, stage D Dukes'a (p<0.05) and G2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that sporadic colorectal MMR-defective @entity4 display certain specific morphological characteristics. However, these pathological features are not sufficiently predictive and immunohistochemistry is needed to identify such @entity1 accurately. The researches on angiogenesis of @entity1 cells can be used as prognostic factors for the @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: [Diagnostic and prognostic values of repair protein XXXX , @entity6 and protein @entity5 immunoexpression in sporadic @entity2 ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity2 is the most common @entity3 in the world. The survival of @entity0 with @entity2 has not varied appreciably in recent years. The knowledge that genetic factors could play a role in the etiology and prognosis of @entity0 with sporadic @entity2 has opened up new lines of research. The aim of the study was to evaluate a group of @entity0 with @entity2 and the possible influence on the prognosis of immunohistochemical @entity7 , @entity6 and @entity5 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 37 cases of @entity2 were included in this study. @entity7 , @entity6 and @entity5 protein expression in @entity1 tissue sections was determined using immunohistochemical staining with specific monoclonal antibodies. A total of 37 @entity1 were analyzed for histopathology. The immunoexpression status of MMR genes was correlated with @entity1 stage, location, histology, gender and @entity5 immunoexpression. RESULTS: Of the 37 cases immunohistochemical analysis showed 13 (35.1%) had loss of expression of @entity7 , 5 (13.5%) had loss of expression of @entity6 , and five cases had loss of expression of both proteins. Multivariate analysis showed that right side dominance (p<0.05) poorly differentiated and male (p<0.05) were associated with loss of expression of @entity7 or @entity6 . Loss of expression of @entity7 or @entity6 correlated with low @entity5 expression (p>0.05). @entity5 immunoexpression was higher in the @entity1 location, stage D Dukes'a (p<0.05) and G2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that sporadic colorectal MMR-defective @entity4 display certain specific morphological characteristics. However, these pathological features are not sufficiently predictive and immunohistochemistry is needed to identify such @entity1 accurately. The researches on angiogenesis of @entity1 cells can be used as prognostic factors for the @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: [Diagnostic and prognostic values of repair protein @entity7 , @entity6 and protein @entity5 immunoexpression in sporadic XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is the most common @entity3 in the world. The survival of @entity0 with @entity2 has not varied appreciably in recent years. The knowledge that genetic factors could play a role in the etiology and prognosis of @entity0 with sporadic @entity2 has opened up new lines of research. The aim of the study was to evaluate a group of @entity0 with @entity2 and the possible influence on the prognosis of immunohistochemical @entity7 , @entity6 and @entity5 expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 37 cases of @entity2 were included in this study. @entity7 , @entity6 and @entity5 protein expression in @entity1 tissue sections was determined using immunohistochemical staining with specific monoclonal antibodies. A total of 37 @entity1 were analyzed for histopathology. The immunoexpression status of MMR genes was correlated with @entity1 stage, location, histology, gender and @entity5 immunoexpression. RESULTS: Of the 37 cases immunohistochemical analysis showed 13 (35.1%) had loss of expression of @entity7 , 5 (13.5%) had loss of expression of @entity6 , and five cases had loss of expression of both proteins. Multivariate analysis showed that right side dominance (p<0.05) poorly differentiated and male (p<0.05) were associated with loss of expression of @entity7 or @entity6 . Loss of expression of @entity7 or @entity6 correlated with low @entity5 expression (p>0.05). @entity5 immunoexpression was higher in the @entity1 location, stage D Dukes'a (p<0.05) and G2 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that sporadic colorectal MMR-defective @entity4 display certain specific morphological characteristics. However, these pathological features are not sufficiently predictive and immunohistochemistry is needed to identify such @entity1 accurately. The researches on angiogenesis of @entity1 cells can be used as prognostic factors for the @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: [Diagnostic and prognostic values of repair protein @entity7 , @entity6 and protein XXXX immunoexpression in sporadic @entity2 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: Orbital compression syndrome is caused by disorders of varying etiologies involving the orbit and presents with @entity11 . Ocular involvement of sickle cell disease is uncommon. A 17-year-old male presented with @entity6 of 5 days duration without past history of @entity2 crisis or transfusion. Examination revealed pallor, @entity7 , conjuctival chemosis, and symmetrical restriction of ocular movements with preserved visual acuity. He was drowsy with no other @entity1 . The fundus showed @entity8 , @entity4 , and no @entity5 . His peripheral smear showed presence of sickle cells. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the orbit revealed orbital subperiosteal @entity9 . CT head images showed epidural @entity9 in the frontal lobe. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mutation studies revealed @entity12 in the @entity0 . He was managed with supportive care, transfusions to keep hemoglobin above 10 g/dl, and @entity10 . The @entity0 recovered fully and remained well during follow-up of 12 months. Our case was unique for presenting as orbital compression syndrome without any history of @entity3 .

title: XXXX presenting as orbital compression syndrome.

answer: @entity12


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is the second most common @entity2 among Thai @entity1 after @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate the overall five-year survival of @entity0 @entity1 treated at Srinagarind hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Between January 1998 and December 2002, 382 @entity1 with @entity0 who got definite treatment at Srinagarind hospital were included in the present study. Their medical records were reviewed including sex, age, stage at diagnosis, histological types, histological grades, treatment modality and survival. RESULTS: There were 380 female @entity1 (99.5%) and 2 male @entity1 (0.5%). The peak age group was 41-50 years (38.5%), mean age was 48.3 years old. The most common histological type was @entity3 (95.3%). Most @entity1 received surgical treatment (91.9%) and chemotherapy (94.2%). The overall five-year survival rate was 63%. The overall five-year survival rate in stage I, II, III and IV were 100%, 85%, 39% and 9% respectively. CONCLUSION: The peak age of @entity0 was 41-50 years old. The overall five-year survival rate was 63%.

title: XXXX : five-year survival in Srinagarind Hospital, Thailand.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The relationship of clinically defined menstrual categories and an independent measure of hormonal stimulation, maturation index of vaginal smear cytology, was studied. Analysis of 596 smears obtained at the time of @entity0 diagnosis revealed a statistically significant association between menstrual status and maturation index. However, within each menstrual group varying levels of maturation were noted. Estrogenic effect in the absence of exogenous hormone administration was found in 11% of @entity1 following bilateral oophorectomy and among 24% of @entity1 whose natural menopause occurred 20 years or longer prior to diagnosis. Endogenous @entity6 production appears to continue for many years among some @entity1 . Clinical factors such as @entity4 , @entity3 and/or @entity5 may stimulate high squamous maturation in some @entity1 . Others of the same age and with similar clinical histories were found to have @entity7 smears. The differences in maturation index may be due to individual variations in: endogenous hormone levels; sensitivity of the vaginal mucosa to similar hormonal stimuli; use of certain medications; or unidentified exogenous factors. The maturation index was found to be significantly associated with the following prognostic factors: weight relative to height, @entity2 size and @entity6 receptor content of the @entity2 . These findings indicate that vaginal smear cytology may define specific subsets within menstrual categories which may be relevant to therapy and prognosis in @entity0 .

title: Association of vaginal smear cytology with menstrual status in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Investigations into the site of vasodilator and antivasoconstrictor activity of @entity3 antagonists previously performed in @entity4 were extended to a second species, barbiturate-anaesthetized @entity0 , and a second vasoconstrictor agent, @entity6 . The @entity7 derivative @entity9 (code name PY 108-068; 10, 30 and 100 micrograms kg-1 i.v.) showed systemic haemodynamic effects comparable to those seen in @entity4 at half these doses. @entity9 effected regional vasodilatation (measured with tracer microspheres) in the heart, brain and skeletal muscles as in @entity4 . Only the vessels of the adrenals (dilated in @entity0 but not in @entity4 ), and the kidneys and skin (constricted in @entity0 but not in @entity4 ) responded differently to @entity9 . @entity8 (A II; 0.15 and 1.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1) constricted the same vascular beds in @entity0 as in @entity4 , namely the heart, kidneys, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts (inferred from microspheres reaching the lungs), the only exceptions being the vessels of the stomach and liver (constriction only in @entity4 ) and the adrenals (constriction only in @entity0 ). @entity9 (30 and 100 micrograms kg-1) attenuated the A II-induced vasoconstriction in the same vascular beds in @entity0 as in @entity4 including the kidneys, which were constricted after administration of the antagonist alone. These results indicate surprisingly small species differences for the vasodilator effects of @entity9 as well as the attenuation of the vasoconstrictor effects of A II. @entity2 - @entity6 (2 and 50 mu kg-1 min-1) did not increase blood pressure in anaesthetized @entity0 but dose-dependently lowered heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral conductance and myocardial contractile force (measured with a strain gauge). @entity6 constricted all peripheral vascular beds dose-dependently, except for those of the kidney and liver. The effects of @entity6 persisted in the animals infused with placebo solution. @entity9 (30 and 100 micrograms kg-1), but not @entity5 (300 and 1000 micrograms kg-1) reversed the @entity6 -induced @entity1 and decrease in cardiac output. This probably also explains most of the apparent differences between the effects of the two @entity3 antagonists on the peripheral circulation. Both @entity3 antagonists diminished the @entity6 constriction in most vascular beds except those of the spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts. Most of the effects were dose-related but not strictly competitive, as far as this can be judged based on two doses of agonist and antagonist. 9 As with A II the effects of @entity6 were diminished in vascular beds not normally dilated by @entity3 antagonists. 10 @entity3 antagonists display two typical patterns of activity. The vasodilator pattern consists of dilatation of the vesels of the heart, brain and, to a degree varying with the agents, skeletal muscle. The antivasoconstrictor effects occur in some but not all of the vessels constricted by the constrictor agent, vasoconstriction of the spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts being resistant to the action of @entity3 antagonists. The pattern of antivasoconstrictor activity appears to depend on the constrictor compound used, inasmuch as such agents constrict different vascular beds.

title: Modification of @entity6 - and @entity8 - induced changes by @entity3 antagonists in the peripheral circulation of anaesthetized XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Investigations into the site of vasodilator and antivasoconstrictor activity of @entity3 antagonists previously performed in @entity4 were extended to a second species, barbiturate-anaesthetized @entity0 , and a second vasoconstrictor agent, @entity6 . The @entity7 derivative @entity9 (code name PY 108-068; 10, 30 and 100 micrograms kg-1 i.v.) showed systemic haemodynamic effects comparable to those seen in @entity4 at half these doses. @entity9 effected regional vasodilatation (measured with tracer microspheres) in the heart, brain and skeletal muscles as in @entity4 . Only the vessels of the adrenals (dilated in @entity0 but not in @entity4 ), and the kidneys and skin (constricted in @entity0 but not in @entity4 ) responded differently to @entity9 . @entity8 (A II; 0.15 and 1.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1) constricted the same vascular beds in @entity0 as in @entity4 , namely the heart, kidneys, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts (inferred from microspheres reaching the lungs), the only exceptions being the vessels of the stomach and liver (constriction only in @entity4 ) and the adrenals (constriction only in @entity0 ). @entity9 (30 and 100 micrograms kg-1) attenuated the A II-induced vasoconstriction in the same vascular beds in @entity0 as in @entity4 including the kidneys, which were constricted after administration of the antagonist alone. These results indicate surprisingly small species differences for the vasodilator effects of @entity9 as well as the attenuation of the vasoconstrictor effects of A II. @entity2 - @entity6 (2 and 50 mu kg-1 min-1) did not increase blood pressure in anaesthetized @entity0 but dose-dependently lowered heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral conductance and myocardial contractile force (measured with a strain gauge). @entity6 constricted all peripheral vascular beds dose-dependently, except for those of the kidney and liver. The effects of @entity6 persisted in the animals infused with placebo solution. @entity9 (30 and 100 micrograms kg-1), but not @entity5 (300 and 1000 micrograms kg-1) reversed the @entity6 -induced @entity1 and decrease in cardiac output. This probably also explains most of the apparent differences between the effects of the two @entity3 antagonists on the peripheral circulation. Both @entity3 antagonists diminished the @entity6 constriction in most vascular beds except those of the spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts. Most of the effects were dose-related but not strictly competitive, as far as this can be judged based on two doses of agonist and antagonist. 9 As with A II the effects of @entity6 were diminished in vascular beds not normally dilated by @entity3 antagonists. 10 @entity3 antagonists display two typical patterns of activity. The vasodilator pattern consists of dilatation of the vesels of the heart, brain and, to a degree varying with the agents, skeletal muscle. The antivasoconstrictor effects occur in some but not all of the vessels constricted by the constrictor agent, vasoconstriction of the spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts being resistant to the action of @entity3 antagonists. The pattern of antivasoconstrictor activity appears to depend on the constrictor compound used, inasmuch as such agents constrict different vascular beds.

title: Modification of @entity6 - and XXXX - induced changes by @entity3 antagonists in the peripheral circulation of anaesthetized @entity0 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Investigations into the site of vasodilator and antivasoconstrictor activity of @entity3 antagonists previously performed in @entity4 were extended to a second species, barbiturate-anaesthetized @entity0 , and a second vasoconstrictor agent, @entity6 . The @entity7 derivative @entity9 (code name PY 108-068; 10, 30 and 100 micrograms kg-1 i.v.) showed systemic haemodynamic effects comparable to those seen in @entity4 at half these doses. @entity9 effected regional vasodilatation (measured with tracer microspheres) in the heart, brain and skeletal muscles as in @entity4 . Only the vessels of the adrenals (dilated in @entity0 but not in @entity4 ), and the kidneys and skin (constricted in @entity0 but not in @entity4 ) responded differently to @entity9 . @entity8 (A II; 0.15 and 1.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1) constricted the same vascular beds in @entity0 as in @entity4 , namely the heart, kidneys, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts (inferred from microspheres reaching the lungs), the only exceptions being the vessels of the stomach and liver (constriction only in @entity4 ) and the adrenals (constriction only in @entity0 ). @entity9 (30 and 100 micrograms kg-1) attenuated the A II-induced vasoconstriction in the same vascular beds in @entity0 as in @entity4 including the kidneys, which were constricted after administration of the antagonist alone. These results indicate surprisingly small species differences for the vasodilator effects of @entity9 as well as the attenuation of the vasoconstrictor effects of A II. @entity2 - @entity6 (2 and 50 mu kg-1 min-1) did not increase blood pressure in anaesthetized @entity0 but dose-dependently lowered heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral conductance and myocardial contractile force (measured with a strain gauge). @entity6 constricted all peripheral vascular beds dose-dependently, except for those of the kidney and liver. The effects of @entity6 persisted in the animals infused with placebo solution. @entity9 (30 and 100 micrograms kg-1), but not @entity5 (300 and 1000 micrograms kg-1) reversed the @entity6 -induced @entity1 and decrease in cardiac output. This probably also explains most of the apparent differences between the effects of the two @entity3 antagonists on the peripheral circulation. Both @entity3 antagonists diminished the @entity6 constriction in most vascular beds except those of the spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts. Most of the effects were dose-related but not strictly competitive, as far as this can be judged based on two doses of agonist and antagonist. 9 As with A II the effects of @entity6 were diminished in vascular beds not normally dilated by @entity3 antagonists. 10 @entity3 antagonists display two typical patterns of activity. The vasodilator pattern consists of dilatation of the vesels of the heart, brain and, to a degree varying with the agents, skeletal muscle. The antivasoconstrictor effects occur in some but not all of the vessels constricted by the constrictor agent, vasoconstriction of the spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts being resistant to the action of @entity3 antagonists. The pattern of antivasoconstrictor activity appears to depend on the constrictor compound used, inasmuch as such agents constrict different vascular beds.

title: Modification of @entity6 - and @entity8 - induced changes by XXXX antagonists in the peripheral circulation of anaesthetized @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Investigations into the site of vasodilator and antivasoconstrictor activity of @entity3 antagonists previously performed in @entity4 were extended to a second species, barbiturate-anaesthetized @entity0 , and a second vasoconstrictor agent, @entity6 . The @entity7 derivative @entity9 (code name PY 108-068; 10, 30 and 100 micrograms kg-1 i.v.) showed systemic haemodynamic effects comparable to those seen in @entity4 at half these doses. @entity9 effected regional vasodilatation (measured with tracer microspheres) in the heart, brain and skeletal muscles as in @entity4 . Only the vessels of the adrenals (dilated in @entity0 but not in @entity4 ), and the kidneys and skin (constricted in @entity0 but not in @entity4 ) responded differently to @entity9 . @entity8 (A II; 0.15 and 1.5 micrograms kg-1 min-1) constricted the same vascular beds in @entity0 as in @entity4 , namely the heart, kidneys, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts (inferred from microspheres reaching the lungs), the only exceptions being the vessels of the stomach and liver (constriction only in @entity4 ) and the adrenals (constriction only in @entity0 ). @entity9 (30 and 100 micrograms kg-1) attenuated the A II-induced vasoconstriction in the same vascular beds in @entity0 as in @entity4 including the kidneys, which were constricted after administration of the antagonist alone. These results indicate surprisingly small species differences for the vasodilator effects of @entity9 as well as the attenuation of the vasoconstrictor effects of A II. @entity2 - @entity6 (2 and 50 mu kg-1 min-1) did not increase blood pressure in anaesthetized @entity0 but dose-dependently lowered heart rate, cardiac output, total peripheral conductance and myocardial contractile force (measured with a strain gauge). @entity6 constricted all peripheral vascular beds dose-dependently, except for those of the kidney and liver. The effects of @entity6 persisted in the animals infused with placebo solution. @entity9 (30 and 100 micrograms kg-1), but not @entity5 (300 and 1000 micrograms kg-1) reversed the @entity6 -induced @entity1 and decrease in cardiac output. This probably also explains most of the apparent differences between the effects of the two @entity3 antagonists on the peripheral circulation. Both @entity3 antagonists diminished the @entity6 constriction in most vascular beds except those of the spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts. Most of the effects were dose-related but not strictly competitive, as far as this can be judged based on two doses of agonist and antagonist. 9 As with A II the effects of @entity6 were diminished in vascular beds not normally dilated by @entity3 antagonists. 10 @entity3 antagonists display two typical patterns of activity. The vasodilator pattern consists of dilatation of the vesels of the heart, brain and, to a degree varying with the agents, skeletal muscle. The antivasoconstrictor effects occur in some but not all of the vessels constricted by the constrictor agent, vasoconstriction of the spleen, skin and arterio-venous shunts being resistant to the action of @entity3 antagonists. The pattern of antivasoconstrictor activity appears to depend on the constrictor compound used, inasmuch as such agents constrict different vascular beds.

title: Modification of XXXX - and @entity8 - induced changes by @entity3 antagonists in the peripheral circulation of anaesthetized @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: CONTEXT: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Their altered expression and function have been observed in most @entity0 . MiRNAs represent potential disease biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets. OBJECTIVE: To review and evaluate the evidence implicating miRNAs in the pathogenesis of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and @entity4 . EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic review was performed using PubMed and Embase to search for reports using strings for microRNA, non-coding RNA, @entity0 , prostate, @entity1 . Identified manuscripts were retrieved and references searched. Selected studies were required to concentrate on the role of miRNA in these @entity0 . EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We reviewed articles that focus on this topic. More than 40 miRNAs have been implicated in @entity0 and many target common carcinogenic pathways. In particular, apoptosis avoidance, cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenic signalling, and the generation of @entity3 independence are targeted or facilitated by more than one miRNA. Little work has been done to evaluate the translational applications for this knowledge to date. Novel therapeutic strategies have been developed and are under investigation to selectively modulate miRNAs; such work would potentially enable personalised @entity0 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: MiRNAs appear to be important modulators of @entity0 . Their expression is frequently altered in these @entity0 , and many are functionally implicated in their pathogenesis. They require evaluation to determine the translational role and therapeutic potential for this knowledge.

title: MicroRNA in prostate, XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Some expert guidelines recommend time-scheduled opioid dosing over @entity1 -contingent dosing for @entity0 receiving @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The premise is that time-scheduled dosing results in more stable opioid blood levels and @entity1 relief, fewer adverse effects, less reinforcement of @entity1 , and lower addiction risk. We report results of a survey of 1781 @entity0 receiving @entity3 for chronic @entity1 , in which 967 reported time-scheduled opioid dosing only and 325 reported @entity1 -contingent opioid dosing only. Opioid-related problems and concerns were assessed with the Prescribed Opioids Difficulties Scale. We hypothesized that respondents using time-scheduled opioid dosing would report significantly fewer problems and concerns than those using @entity1 -contingent dosing. @entity0 receiving time-scheduled dosing received substantially higher average daily opioid doses than those using @entity1 -contingent dosing (97.2 vs. 37.2mg average daily dose @entity2 equivalents, P < .0001). Contrary to expectation, time-scheduled opioid dosing was associated with higher levels of @entity0 opioid control concerns than @entity1 -contingent dosing (6.2 vs. 4.8, P=.008), after adjusting for @entity0 and drug regimen differences. Opioid-related psychosocial problems were somewhat greater among @entity0 using time-scheduled dosing, but this difference was nonsignificant after controlling for @entity0 and drug regimen differences (5.9 vs. 5.0, P=.14). Time-scheduled dosing typically involved higher dosage levels and was associated with higher levels of @entity0 concerns about opioid use. Controlled comparative effectiveness research is needed to assess benefits and risks of time-scheduled opioid dosing relative to @entity1 -contingent opioid dosing among @entity3 @entity0 in ambulatory care. @entity0 with time-scheduled dosing received higher opioid dosage than @entity0 with @entity1 -contingent dosing. Time-scheduled dosing was associated with greater opioid control concerns than @entity1 -contingent dosing.

title: Time-scheduled vs. @entity1 -contingent opioid dosing in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Some expert guidelines recommend time-scheduled opioid dosing over @entity1 -contingent dosing for @entity0 receiving @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The premise is that time-scheduled dosing results in more stable opioid blood levels and @entity1 relief, fewer adverse effects, less reinforcement of @entity1 , and lower addiction risk. We report results of a survey of 1781 @entity0 receiving @entity3 for chronic @entity1 , in which 967 reported time-scheduled opioid dosing only and 325 reported @entity1 -contingent opioid dosing only. Opioid-related problems and concerns were assessed with the Prescribed Opioids Difficulties Scale. We hypothesized that respondents using time-scheduled opioid dosing would report significantly fewer problems and concerns than those using @entity1 -contingent dosing. @entity0 receiving time-scheduled dosing received substantially higher average daily opioid doses than those using @entity1 -contingent dosing (97.2 vs. 37.2mg average daily dose @entity2 equivalents, P < .0001). Contrary to expectation, time-scheduled opioid dosing was associated with higher levels of @entity0 opioid control concerns than @entity1 -contingent dosing (6.2 vs. 4.8, P=.008), after adjusting for @entity0 and drug regimen differences. Opioid-related psychosocial problems were somewhat greater among @entity0 using time-scheduled dosing, but this difference was nonsignificant after controlling for @entity0 and drug regimen differences (5.9 vs. 5.0, P=.14). Time-scheduled dosing typically involved higher dosage levels and was associated with higher levels of @entity0 concerns about opioid use. Controlled comparative effectiveness research is needed to assess benefits and risks of time-scheduled opioid dosing relative to @entity1 -contingent opioid dosing among @entity3 @entity0 in ambulatory care. @entity0 with time-scheduled dosing received higher opioid dosage than @entity0 with @entity1 -contingent dosing. Time-scheduled dosing was associated with greater opioid control concerns than @entity1 -contingent dosing.

title: Time-scheduled vs. XXXX -contingent opioid dosing in @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Experience with the management of 106 consecutive @entity0 found to have a retroperitoneal haematoma (RH) at laparotomy for penetrating @entity2 over a 2-year period is reviewed. Three types of retroperitoneal haematoma are recognized: Type I (central), @entity3 (pelvic). Type I RH was present in 22 @entity0 as a result of injuries to the inferior vena cava (9), the aorta (5), the pancreas and duodenum (5), the portal vein (2), and to both aorta and inferior vena cava (1). Fourteen @entity0 died (63.8 per cent) representing 70 per cent of all deaths in the series. Type II RH was seen in 73 @entity0 . Thirty-two were stable and the perinephric fascia was not opened with no morbidity or mortality. Forty-one were explored: 15 on pre-operative evidence of @entity1 which was confirmed at laparotomy. In the remaining 26 a stable haematoma was explored and no significant lesion found. It is considered that in 45 of 73 Type II RH (61.0 per cent) exploration was unnecessary. Five @entity0 died (6.8 per cent). Type III RH was found in 11 @entity0 and was due to @entity2 . Two @entity0 died. In conclusion Type I and III RH should be routinely explored. Stable Type II RH discovered at laparotomy should be explored selectively based on pre-operative clinical and radiological assessment of @entity1 .

title: Management of retroperitoneal haematoma following penetrating XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 in Lithuania is increasing. Early diagnostics of this disease is important, difficult and necessary. During 2001, 169 @entity0 with first and second stages of @entity1 were treated in Department of Thoracic Surgery at Kaunas Oncology Hospital. Age of @entity0 was 30-80 years. We have analysed 20 @entity0 with @entity8 . Diagnosis was not confirmed by X-ray and fibrobronchoscopic examination. Percutaneous transthoracic fine needle aspiration of small @entity1 was determined by computed tomography (CT) examination. The diameter of @entity3 were 2.5-4.5 cm. After percutaneous transthoracic fine needle aspiration the diagnosis of @entity1 was confirmed to 15 (70.5 perc.) @entity0 : @entity4 planocellulare - 13, @entity6 @entity0 . @entity2 (solitary) from @entity4 renis to 1, abscessus pulmonis (necrotic masses) to 2, @entity9 ( @entity5 ) to 1 @entity0 . After CT examination, percutaneous transthoracic fine needle aspiration and histologic examination diagnosis were confirmed: @entity4 stage I (T1N0M0-T2N0M0) to 5 @entity0 , @entity4 stage II (T2N1M0-T3N0M0) to 9 @entity0 , @entity4 III (T2N2M0) to 1 @entity0 . There were 3 complications after percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration: @entity7 in @entity3 place to 2 @entity0 , local pneumothorax to 1 @entity0 . In all cases when we can not confirm diagnosis of @entity8 we have to do CT examination and percutaneous transthoracic fine needle aspiration.

title: [Percutaneous transthoracic fine needle aspiration of XXXX by computed tomography examination].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of study was to evaluate features for spinal @entity5 in undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery in early postoperative time and side effects of opioids. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two groups of @entity0 undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery were analyzed. In first group (15 @entity0 ) spinal @entity5 2 mg and general anesthesia was used, control group (22 @entity0 ) - just general anesthesia. @entity2 was analyzed with VAS (Visual Analogical Scale). For @entity6 , after surgery, was used @entity7 via i/v in both groups. Dose of @entity7 , extubation time and side effects was analysed after surgery. RESULTS: In first group dose of @entity7 was 4.5+/-1.1 mg, in control group - 16.5+/-1.1 mg (p<0.05). Extubation time in both groups (354+/-36 min. and 279+/-17 min.) and side effects ( @entity3 and @entity4 ) was similar. CONCLUSION: Spinal @entity5 @entity1 after cardiosurgery and don't increased extubation time and side effects of opioids.

title: [Intrathecal @entity5 for postoperative XXXX in cardiac surgery].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of study was to evaluate features for spinal @entity5 in undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery in early postoperative time and side effects of opioids. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two groups of @entity0 undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery were analyzed. In first group (15 @entity0 ) spinal @entity5 2 mg and general anesthesia was used, control group (22 @entity0 ) - just general anesthesia. @entity2 was analyzed with VAS (Visual Analogical Scale). For @entity6 , after surgery, was used @entity7 via i/v in both groups. Dose of @entity7 , extubation time and side effects was analysed after surgery. RESULTS: In first group dose of @entity7 was 4.5+/-1.1 mg, in control group - 16.5+/-1.1 mg (p<0.05). Extubation time in both groups (354+/-36 min. and 279+/-17 min.) and side effects ( @entity3 and @entity4 ) was similar. CONCLUSION: Spinal @entity5 @entity1 after cardiosurgery and don't increased extubation time and side effects of opioids.

title: [Intrathecal XXXX for postoperative @entity6 in cardiac surgery].

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 and exostoses of the external auditory canal are @entity1 arising in bones, leading to its obstruction and causing @entity4 . The treatment of these entities may present a therapeutic dilemma. AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess epidemiological and clinical data and surgical treatment effectiveness. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 21 @entity0 (14 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 ) between 18 to 63 years of age, treated in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Medical University of @entity3  sk from 1995 to 2009. The results of audiometric, radiological and histopathological examination were taken into consideration. RESULTS: @entity5 developing in tympanosquamous suture in 5 @entity0 , in tympanomastoid suture in 4. Bilateral exostoses occured in 12 @entity0 in anterior, posterior and inferior wall of the external auditory canal. In all @entity0 : conductive @entity4 ranged from 15 to 30 dB (average 29.9 dB), in 6 @entity0 with concomitant sensorineural component. @entity5 were removed via intrauricular approach according to Mawson-Goodhill's method. Exostoses were removed via intrauricular, intracanal or postauricular approach. Histological examination confirmed benign overgrowth of compact and trabecular bone. The auditory canal was successfully reamed, the hearing improved in all @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 are @entity1 leading to obstruction of the external auditory canal. @entity7 is the overgrowth of the external auditory canal's compact bone in adults. @entity5 and exostoses may lead to @entity4 . Indications to surgical treatment are @entity2 , progressive @entity4 and recurrent @entity6 external.

title: [ XXXX and exostoses of external auditory canal in material of Otolaryngology Department Medical University of @entity3  sk].

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 and exostoses of the external auditory canal are @entity1 arising in bones, leading to its obstruction and causing @entity4 . The treatment of these entities may present a therapeutic dilemma. AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess epidemiological and clinical data and surgical treatment effectiveness. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 21 @entity0 (14 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 ) between 18 to 63 years of age, treated in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of Medical University of @entity3  sk from 1995 to 2009. The results of audiometric, radiological and histopathological examination were taken into consideration. RESULTS: @entity5 developing in tympanosquamous suture in 5 @entity0 , in tympanomastoid suture in 4. Bilateral exostoses occured in 12 @entity0 in anterior, posterior and inferior wall of the external auditory canal. In all @entity0 : conductive @entity4 ranged from 15 to 30 dB (average 29.9 dB), in 6 @entity0 with concomitant sensorineural component. @entity5 were removed via intrauricular approach according to Mawson-Goodhill's method. Exostoses were removed via intrauricular, intracanal or postauricular approach. Histological examination confirmed benign overgrowth of compact and trabecular bone. The auditory canal was successfully reamed, the hearing improved in all @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 are @entity1 leading to obstruction of the external auditory canal. @entity7 is the overgrowth of the external auditory canal's compact bone in adults. @entity5 and exostoses may lead to @entity4 . Indications to surgical treatment are @entity2 , progressive @entity4 and recurrent @entity6 external.

title: [ @entity5 and exostoses of external auditory canal in material of Otolaryngology Department Medical University of XXXX  sk].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Eleven cases are reported in which @entity1 occurred because of suffocation as a result of occlusion of the respiratory tract by sand (without thoracic compression: 3 cases) or being buried alive (8 cases). Two tables demonstrate the findings and circumstances in the events. Three cases are described in detail. A 22-year-old @entity0 was manhandled by blows and kicks to the head and neck. She became unconscious and her head and neck were covered by a layer of sand so that she suffocated. A 42-year-old @entity0 was smothered, while unconscious, in a prone position with his face in the sand, after hard blows to the head by two culprits. A 17-year-old @entity0 finally died by chocking. Previously the culprit had pressed her face into the ground, so that she aspirated particles of soil. The question of vital reactions during aspiration of sand was investigated by microscopic examination of the content of the air passage and by destroying parts of the lungs by @entity3 . Minimal aspiration of sand occurred in all cases. Although the postmortal remains were left in the ground, there was no postmortem penetration of sand into the air passage. Histological examinations were carried out to support the diagnosis of violent suffocation. In some cases, there were remarkable findings (mobilization of alveolar cells, hepatocelullar @entity2 ), but there were no typical or unanimous findings that pertained to all cases.

title: [Suffocation XXXX by occlusion of the airways with sand].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: An outpatient programme for rehabilitation of @entity0 with severe @entity1 due to @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was conducted. Its main purpose was to assess the feasibility of the programme for @entity4 @entity0 . METHODS: Initial assessment included a shuttle walking test, administration of the chronic @entity6 questionnaire (CRDQ), assessment of the hospital @entity2 and @entity3 scale (HAD) and sickness impact profile (SIP). The @entity0 were entered into a 6-week outpatient programme between January 2007 to July 2007 during which they attended twice weekly for a 2 1/2 hour session. Assessment was repeated on completion of the study at three months and later at six months. RESULTS: The study included 44 (28 males) @entity0 with @entity4 with a mean age 66 years. All @entity0 had severe @entity1 as defined by a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of less than 40% of predicted. The shuttle walking distance improved significantly and was maintained at the improved level for six months. The improvement in all four dimensions of the CRDQ was statistically significant (p < 0.05) and reached clinical significance for @entity5 and for mastery. On entry, a notable level of @entity3 was found in 32% of @entity0 , and @entity2 in 40 percent. There was a significant reduction in both of these that was maintained at six months (p < 0.05). There was no improvement in the SIP at three months, but significant improvement was found at six months (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that a successful outpatient programme can be conducted in @entity0 with severe @entity1 , and that benefits in physical ability and in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) can be achieved. The improvements were maintained at six months.

title: Outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation in severe XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Upper urinary tract @entity3 , a relatively rare @entity1 , is up to 100 times more frequent in regions with @entity2 . Characteristics of @entity3 in the @entity4 South Morava Region in Serbia in the previous 50 years were evaluated. @entity0 : We analyzed 477 cases with pathologically confirmed @entity3 who underwent surgery from 1957 to 2006: 91 from @entity4 , 106 from adjacent and 280 from control settlements. Cases in the study came from 10 @entity4 villages, 46 adjacent villages, 51 control villages and the city of @entity5 . RESULTS: The increase in @entity3 from 1957 was followed by a peak between 1967 and 1978 (yearly incidence 21.9 per 100,000) and a slow decrease thereafter to 7.4 (1997-2006). In the control settlements, the increase was steady. Reduced kidney function at surgery was found in 58% of @entity0 from @entity4 and in 20% from control settlements. Age at surgery has significantly increased from 52.3 and 51.5 (1957-1966) to 70.9 and 66.1 (1997-2006) for @entity4 and control settlements, respectively. The female sex was predominant in @entity4 and adjacent settlements and the male sex in control settlements. @entity3 from @entity4 settlements was of a lower grade in the period from 1957-1986, but in the period from 1987-2006 they were predominantly high grade. @entity1 stage (pTa-pT1) predominated in @entity3 from the @entity4 and adjacent but not the control settlements in the period from 1957 to 1986. However, in the last 20 years, upper urinary tract @entity3 stage increased, the highest in the period from 1997 to 2006 in all settlements studied. Conservative surgery was advocated for @entity3 in @entity2 areas up to 1996. @entity3 are now more malignant and more advanced than before, and a less aggressive approach is used only for absolute indications. CONCLUSIONS: An increased @entity3 in @entity4 settlements was observed, markedly decreasing in the last decade. An increasing age and a shorter survival were recorded in @entity0 both from @entity2 and control settlements. Sporadic cases upper urinary tract @entity3 in settlements adjacent to @entity4 settlements were demonstrated.

title: Characteristics of upper urothelial carcinoma in an area of XXXX in south Serbia. A fifty-year retrospective study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We reviewed clinical records of 4 cases with @entity4 in anus to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the chemoradiotherapy. The radiation therapy consisted of 40 Gy was delivered to pelvis and bilateral inguinal lesion, and perianal booster dose of 20 Gy, in fractions of 2.0 Gy per day, was given five days a week. On the first day of radiation therapy, 750 mg/m2 of @entity6 in the form of a continuous 24-hour infusion for 5 days was given. On the first day of chemotherapy, 10 mg/m2 of @entity5 was also given as a single bolus infusion. 5-FU and @entity5 were administered 4 times every 4 weeks. Three @entity0 had T2 @entity2 , and one @entity0 had T1 @entity2 . One @entity0 had @entity1 in para-aortic and Virchow lymph node. No @entity0 had hematogenous @entity1 . Grade 1 or 2 adverse effects occurred in 3 @entity0 during chemoradiotherapy, but the completion of chemoradiotherapy was achieved in all of the 4 @entity0 . All @entity0 had complete response in the @entity3 after chemoradiotherapy. No @entity0 had any sign of recurrence in @entity3 . Chemoradiotherapy was expected to be a safe and effective treatment to improve prognosis for @entity4 .

title: [Four cases of XXXX treated by chemoradiotherapy].

answer: @entity4


abstract: An obstetric population was screened 'blind' by measuring unconjugated @entity1 (ucE3) and total @entity1 (tE3) in serum. The purpose was firstly to ascertain the predictive values of ucE3 for the prediction of low birth weight and distressed neonates (perinatal deaths included), and secondly to compare the predictive values of ucE3 and tE3. The main material consisted of 1018 singleton pregnancies with known term, who would not have undergone @entity1 (E3) measurement had it not been for this investigation. The study was carried out prospectively, and the obstetricians had no knowledge of the E3 values in the screened pregnancies. When at least one of the ucE3 values was low, the risk of having a small for gestational age (SGA) @entity0 was 22%. Low tE3 implied a 27% risk. When both were low, the risk of a SGA @entity0 was 54%. The percentages of SGA @entity0 found were 18, 19, and 12%, when ucE3, tE3, or both respectively, were low. ucE3 does not appear to be superior to tE3. From the predictive values found in this study, screening of a total obstetric population with ucE3 and/or tE3 cannot be recommended.

title: Screening in pregnancy with unconjugated XXXX compared with total @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: An obstetric population was screened 'blind' by measuring unconjugated @entity1 (ucE3) and total @entity1 (tE3) in serum. The purpose was firstly to ascertain the predictive values of ucE3 for the prediction of low birth weight and distressed neonates (perinatal deaths included), and secondly to compare the predictive values of ucE3 and tE3. The main material consisted of 1018 singleton pregnancies with known term, who would not have undergone @entity1 (E3) measurement had it not been for this investigation. The study was carried out prospectively, and the obstetricians had no knowledge of the E3 values in the screened pregnancies. When at least one of the ucE3 values was low, the risk of having a small for gestational age (SGA) @entity0 was 22%. Low tE3 implied a 27% risk. When both were low, the risk of a SGA @entity0 was 54%. The percentages of SGA @entity0 found were 18, 19, and 12%, when ucE3, tE3, or both respectively, were low. ucE3 does not appear to be superior to tE3. From the predictive values found in this study, screening of a total obstetric population with ucE3 and/or tE3 cannot be recommended.

title: Screening in pregnancy with unconjugated @entity1 compared with total XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PROBLEM: Tonsillectomy performed as day surgery has become popular over the last fifteen years. However, there are conflicting opinions regarding the safety of this practice, especially in @entity0 of very young age. We sought to determine the safety of outpatient tonsillectomy in @entity0 aged three years old and younger. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study of all tonsillectomies performed in a major pediatric hospital during a two-year period was conducted. Age, gender, indication for tonsillectomy, other procedures performed simultaneously, seniority of operating surgeon, and reasons for hospital admissions during the first post-operative week were recorded. @entity0 with inappropriate records for the analysis were excluded. A total of 1058 @entity0 were studied. Tonsillectomized @entity0 were divided into two age groups: greater than 3 years old (n = 951) and 3 years old or younger (n = 107). RESULTS: Male gender, obstructed @entity1 @entity3 as indication for surgery, seniority of the operating surgeon, and age of 3 years old or younger were not associated with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient tonsillectomy can be managed safely regardless of age, as long as specific factors, such as good recovery room supervision, exist.

title: Outpatient cold knife tonsillectomy in toddlers with XXXX @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PROBLEM: Tonsillectomy performed as day surgery has become popular over the last fifteen years. However, there are conflicting opinions regarding the safety of this practice, especially in @entity0 of very young age. We sought to determine the safety of outpatient tonsillectomy in @entity0 aged three years old and younger. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study of all tonsillectomies performed in a major pediatric hospital during a two-year period was conducted. Age, gender, indication for tonsillectomy, other procedures performed simultaneously, seniority of operating surgeon, and reasons for hospital admissions during the first post-operative week were recorded. @entity0 with inappropriate records for the analysis were excluded. A total of 1058 @entity0 were studied. Tonsillectomized @entity0 were divided into two age groups: greater than 3 years old (n = 951) and 3 years old or younger (n = 107). RESULTS: Male gender, obstructed @entity1 @entity3 as indication for surgery, seniority of the operating surgeon, and age of 3 years old or younger were not associated with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Outpatient tonsillectomy can be managed safely regardless of age, as long as specific factors, such as good recovery room supervision, exist.

title: Outpatient cold knife tonsillectomy in toddlers with @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effects of subjective @entity1 and Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scores of @entity0 . METHODS: The study group consisted of 15 @entity0 , including 21 ears with @entity2 (6 bilateral, 9 unilateral). The control group consisted of 8 healthy @entity0 with normal hearing and no @entity2 (16 ears). We assessed sleep quality using the Mini Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ) and mental health using the MMSE. RESULTS: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) was significantly higher in @entity2 @entity0 (5.28 +/- 2.23) compared to controls (3.25 +/- 2.56) (p = 0.018). Subjective @entity2 level (STLL) scores were higher and sleep quality was impaired in females, older @entity0 , and @entity0 with lower MMSE scores. Sleep quality was also worse in @entity0 with longer @entity2 duration. In younger and well educated @entity0 , MMSE scores were higher. Higher STLL scores and shorter @entity2 duration were associated with lower MMSE scores. @entity0 with newly developed @entity2 reported more disturbances and showed greater effects on mental and cognitive functioning. CONCLUSION: In subjective @entity2 @entity0 , sleep delay values increased. Long @entity2 duration and high STLL scores may affects @entity0 ' cognitive functions as shown by decreased MMSE scores. Furthermore, mental status changes in @entity2 @entity0 were frequently overlooked.

title: Effects of subjective XXXX and Mini Mental Status Examination scores.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity2 ) associated with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a serious complication and a therapeutic challenge in thoracic surgery. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of the use of the autologous platelet gel for the treatment of @entity2 and @entity4 . We treated a @entity0 with post lung resection persistent @entity2 using a autologous platelet gel, a cellular compose produces at the Division of Immunohaematoligy and Trasfusion. The platelet gel- @entity6 (Platelet-Rich Plasma) is a biological material made of autologous platelets, extracted from a small amount of the @entity0 's blood, centrifuged at 1100 g for 9 min. The @entity6 obtained was activated by addition of autologous thrombin and @entity8 to form a matrix of fibrin (PRFM) thick. The @entity0 presented important air leak after middle lobe wedge resection for solitary lung lesion with standard open decortication for important @entity3 post @entity7 . On postoperative day XIII the @entity0 developed a thoracic @entity5 and consequently underwent a antibiotic pleural irrigation through the chest drainage based on the microbiological analysis of the pleural fluid. After a week we obtained the resolution of the @entity5 but a residual space remained and air leak persisted. We treated the @entity0 with autologous platelet gel. We administer 7.5 mL of the autologous platelet gel across the chest drainage ever 72 hours for 3 times. After the third application we had the closure of the cavity and the cessation of air leak. Autologous platelet gel is easy to use, safe and inexpensive. It can be considered a valid therapeutic option in selected @entity0 with @entity2 and a lung partial re-expansion. The product consist of a significant amount of cellular components with healing anti-inflammatory an proregenerative properities that permit the body to heal tissue wounds faster and more efficiently. A sterile @entity4 is fundamental conditions for the final success of the procedure.

title: Autologus platelet gel for the management of persistent XXXX after lung resection.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Seventy out- @entity0 suffering from @entity6 were treated with a combination of @entity3 plus @entity4 or @entity3 alone. A combination of 300 mg. @entity4 plus 160 mg. @entity3 ( @entity7 ) was used. Forty-four @entity0 were administered rifaprim at doses of 920 mg. (twice a day) for two months. Twenty-six @entity0 were administered @entity3 at doses of 320 mg. (twice a day) for two months. Cultures of the expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) yielded gram-positive bacteria in 61 @entity0 and gram-negative bacteria in 9. In rifaprim group, clinical responses were excellent in 9 cases, moderate in 23 cases and poor in 12 cases. The efficacy rate was 73%. In @entity3 group, excellent in 1 case, moderate in 14 cases and poor in 11 cases. The efficacy rate was 60%. Seven @entity0 of @entity6 were treated by local injection of @entity5 into the prostate. The antibiotic level in the prostatic fluid twenty-four hours after injection was very high. The @entity2 and discomfort experienced by the @entity0 during injection into the prostate were minimal. Local @entity1 was not found after histologic or electron microscopic studies of biopsied prostatic specimen after the injection. Results show that this simple method should be valuable in the treatment of the refractory group of @entity6 .

title: [The effectiveness of a combination of @entity3 plus @entity4 and local injection of antibiotics into the prostate in XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Seventy out- @entity0 suffering from @entity6 were treated with a combination of @entity3 plus @entity4 or @entity3 alone. A combination of 300 mg. @entity4 plus 160 mg. @entity3 ( @entity7 ) was used. Forty-four @entity0 were administered rifaprim at doses of 920 mg. (twice a day) for two months. Twenty-six @entity0 were administered @entity3 at doses of 320 mg. (twice a day) for two months. Cultures of the expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) yielded gram-positive bacteria in 61 @entity0 and gram-negative bacteria in 9. In rifaprim group, clinical responses were excellent in 9 cases, moderate in 23 cases and poor in 12 cases. The efficacy rate was 73%. In @entity3 group, excellent in 1 case, moderate in 14 cases and poor in 11 cases. The efficacy rate was 60%. Seven @entity0 of @entity6 were treated by local injection of @entity5 into the prostate. The antibiotic level in the prostatic fluid twenty-four hours after injection was very high. The @entity2 and discomfort experienced by the @entity0 during injection into the prostate were minimal. Local @entity1 was not found after histologic or electron microscopic studies of biopsied prostatic specimen after the injection. Results show that this simple method should be valuable in the treatment of the refractory group of @entity6 .

title: [The effectiveness of a combination of XXXX plus @entity4 and local injection of antibiotics into the prostate in @entity6 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Seventy out- @entity0 suffering from @entity6 were treated with a combination of @entity3 plus @entity4 or @entity3 alone. A combination of 300 mg. @entity4 plus 160 mg. @entity3 ( @entity7 ) was used. Forty-four @entity0 were administered rifaprim at doses of 920 mg. (twice a day) for two months. Twenty-six @entity0 were administered @entity3 at doses of 320 mg. (twice a day) for two months. Cultures of the expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) yielded gram-positive bacteria in 61 @entity0 and gram-negative bacteria in 9. In rifaprim group, clinical responses were excellent in 9 cases, moderate in 23 cases and poor in 12 cases. The efficacy rate was 73%. In @entity3 group, excellent in 1 case, moderate in 14 cases and poor in 11 cases. The efficacy rate was 60%. Seven @entity0 of @entity6 were treated by local injection of @entity5 into the prostate. The antibiotic level in the prostatic fluid twenty-four hours after injection was very high. The @entity2 and discomfort experienced by the @entity0 during injection into the prostate were minimal. Local @entity1 was not found after histologic or electron microscopic studies of biopsied prostatic specimen after the injection. Results show that this simple method should be valuable in the treatment of the refractory group of @entity6 .

title: [The effectiveness of a combination of @entity3 plus XXXX and local injection of antibiotics into the prostate in @entity6 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether size at birth and rate of fetal growth influence the risk of @entity0 in adulthood. DESIGN: Cohort identified from detailed birth records, with 97% follow up. SETTING: Uppsala Academic Hospital, Sweden. @entity1 : 5358 singleton females born during 1915-29, alive and traced to the 1960 census. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of @entity0 before (at age <50 years) and after (> or = 50 years) the menopause. RESULTS: Size at birth was positively associated with rates of @entity0 in premenopausal @entity1 . In @entity1 who weighed > or =4000 g at birth rates of @entity0 were 3.5 times (95% confidence interval 1.3 to 9.3) those in @entity1 of similar gestational age who weighed <3000 g at birth. Rates in @entity1 in the top fifths of the distributions of birth length and head circumference were 3.4 (1.5 to 7.9) and 4.0 (1.6 to 10.0) times those in the lowest fifths (adjusted for gestational age). The effect of birth @entity2 after adjustment for birth length or head circumference, whereas the effects of birth length and head circumference remained significant after adjustment for birth weight. For a given size at birth, gestational age was inversely associated with risk (P=0.03 for linear trend). Adjustment for markers of adult risk factors did not affect these findings. Birth size was not associated with rates of @entity0 in postmenopausal @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Size at birth, particularly length and head circumference, is associated with risk of @entity0 in @entity1 aged <50 years. Fetal growth rate, as measured by birth size adjusted for gestational age, rather than size at birth may be the aetiologically relevant factor in @entity0 .

title: Fetal growth and subsequent risk of XXXX : results from long term follow up of Swedish cohort.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the face of the A(H1N1) 2009 @entity3 pandemic, in October 2009 the French military health service (SSA) initiated a large vaccination campaign with Pandemrix(  ) vaccine in the military forces. The aim of this study was to describe @entity1 ( @entity1 ) reported during this campaign. METHODS: @entity1 and the number of @entity0 vaccinated were surveyed by the SSA Epidemiological network across all military forces during the campaign, from October 2009 to April 2010. For each case, a notification form was completed, providing @entity0 and clinical information. Three types of @entity1 were considered: non-serious, serious and unexpected. RESULTS: There were 315.4 reported @entity1 per 100,000 vaccinations. Vaccination and @entity1 incidence rate peaks coincided with @entity3 peak in early December. The number of injected doses was 49,138, corresponding to a 14.5% vaccination coverage among military personnel, and 155 @entity1 were reported, including 5 serious @entity1 (1 @entity4 , 2 malaises and 1 @entity2 episode). Most @entity1 were non-serious (97.1%). Among these, 6 cases of local, rapidly regressive paresthesia were observed. DISCUSSION: The military @entity1 surveillance system constitutes the only observatory on benign @entity1 in France. The reporting rate was much higher after the pandemic vaccine than after the seasonal vaccine, which may be a reflection of stimulated reporting. This report provides a useful description of @entity1 among military personnel during a mass emergency vaccination program, showing that the tolerance of the pandemic vaccine appeared acceptable.

title: Adverse events following pandemic XXXX vaccine Pandemrix   reported in the French military forces--2009-2010.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: National health statistics indicate that blacks have lower survival rates from @entity2 than do whites. This disparity has been attributed to differences in stage at diagnosis and other disease features, extent and quality of treatment, and socioeconomic factors. We evaluated outcomes for blacks and whites with @entity1 who participated in randomized clinical trials of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP). The randomized trial setting enhances uniformity in disease stage and treatment plan among all @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: The study included black (N = 104) or white (N = 1,070) @entity0 from two serially conducted NSABP randomized trials for operable @entity1 . Recurrence-free survival and survival were compared using statistical modeling to account for differences in @entity0 and disease characteristics between the groups. RESULTS: Blacks and whites had largely similar disease features at diagnosis. After adjustment for @entity0 and @entity1 prognostic covariates, the black/white recurrence hazard ratio (HR) was 1.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94 to 1.66). The mortality HR was somewhat larger at 1.45 (95% CI = 1.09 to 1.93). Outcomes were improved for both groups in the more recent trial, which employed systemic adjuvant chemotherapy in all treatment arms. CONCLUSION: Recurrence-free survival was modestly less favorable for blacks, whereas overall survival was more disparate. Outcomes between groups were more comparable than those noted in national health statistics surveys and other studies. Adequate treatment access and the identification of new prognostic factors that can identify @entity0 at high risk of recurrence are needed to ensure optimal outcomes for @entity1 @entity0 of all racial/ethnic backgrounds.

title: Prognosis after XXXX in blacks and whites participating in adjuvant therapy randomized trials.

answer: @entity1