abstract: BACKGROUND: Cutaneous manifestations are the most frequent, and often the initial feature of extra-articular involvement in @entity0 with @entity17 . OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical and histological spectrum of @entity6 and the associated systemic involvement in @entity0 with @entity17 . METHODS: Among 525 @entity0 with @entity3 , 20 tissue specimens with histologically proven @entity6 from 11 @entity0 were investigated by studying the types and levels of affected vessels and related clinical features. RESULTS: Small-vessel @entity6 identified as dermal necrotizing venulitis was found in 10 @entity0 , clinically characterized by palpable @entity11 , @entity13 , @entity8 diutinum and @entity4 . @entity9 histologically resembling @entity15 , clinically characterized by subcutaneous nodules, @entity16 , @entity2 and deep @entity5 was identified in four @entity0 all with systemic complications. Coexistence of venulitis and @entity9 was identified in three @entity0 . Different cutaneous vasculitic manifestations often coexisted and recurred in the same @entity0 . Three @entity0 with systemic complications of @entity12 multiplex (two of three), @entity10 (two of three) and @entity7 (one of three) died within 1 year of onset of the @entity6 . Immunofluorescence demonstrated vessel wall deposition of IgM and/or complement in six of the seven @entity0 examined. CONCLUSIONS: Features of cutaneous @entity17 overlapping both the characteristics of @entity1 and @entity15 together with coexistence of these different type of @entity6 in the same or different lesional skin account for the associated diverse cutaneous vasculitic manifestations. Although @entity14 ( @entity6 ) was the most common presentation, the presence of @entity6 in @entity3 @entity0 did not necessarily indicate a favourable prognosis. Associations with @entity12 multiplex and bowel involvement had a fatal prognosis, while @entity0 with superficial @entity14 without other extra-articular involvement may follow a favourable prognosis.

title: Clinical and histopathological spectrum of XXXX in @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between isolated trisomy 11 and the clinical, hematological, immunological, prognostic aspects in @entity3 . METHODS: Bone marrow cell cytogenetic analysis was performed by direct method and/or 24 h culture method. RHG banding was used for karyotype analysis. Immunophenotype analysis was carried out by flow cytometry. Ten @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were treated with HA regimen chemotherapy and followed up. RESULTS: The isolated trisomy 11 was found in 11 of 1 * ! 763 @entity3 cases (0.6%). The diagnoses included 10 @entity6 (6 M(2), 2 M(5), 1 M(1), 1 M(4)), and 1 @entity5 syndromes. Ten of them have no @entity1 . The immunophenotypical analysis of @entity4 cells showed positive for @entity2 (13), @entity2 (33) and @entity2 (34) in 5 cases. Follow-up data were available in 10 cases. The complete remission rate was 40% with a median survival of 10 months. CONCLUSION: The isolated trisomy 11 was mainly seen in @entity6 , especially in M(2) subtype. Their prognosis was poor.

title: [Clinical and cytogenetic studies of XXXX with isolated trisomy 11].

answer: @entity3


abstract: In the course of an ample study of @entity6 carried out in the "N. Gh. Lupu" Institute of Internal Medicine--Bucharest over a long period, a group of 608 @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) hospitalized between 1974 and 1986 formed the object of the present study. Of these @entity0 18% presented @entity2 due to @entity5 and 3.9% lung diseases of other etiology. The types of @entity2 due to @entity5 were: pleurisy, @entity3 , diaphragmatic @entity1 . Latent @entity2 could also be diagnosed in 8 @entity0 . Most of the @entity0 (94.1%) were females and had been hospitalized several times. Concomitantly with @entity2 other organ involvements have also been observed. Complex investigation of respiratory function performed in a selected group of @entity0 revealed: restrictive syndrome, @entity7 , increase of elastic recoil, @entity4 on exercise. In most of the cases (92%) the @entity2 had a chronic evolution. The treatment used was corticosteroids in 60% of the cases investigated.

title: XXXX in @entity5 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In the course of an ample study of @entity6 carried out in the "N. Gh. Lupu" Institute of Internal Medicine--Bucharest over a long period, a group of 608 @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) hospitalized between 1974 and 1986 formed the object of the present study. Of these @entity0 18% presented @entity2 due to @entity5 and 3.9% lung diseases of other etiology. The types of @entity2 due to @entity5 were: pleurisy, @entity3 , diaphragmatic @entity1 . Latent @entity2 could also be diagnosed in 8 @entity0 . Most of the @entity0 (94.1%) were females and had been hospitalized several times. Concomitantly with @entity2 other organ involvements have also been observed. Complex investigation of respiratory function performed in a selected group of @entity0 revealed: restrictive syndrome, @entity7 , increase of elastic recoil, @entity4 on exercise. In most of the cases (92%) the @entity2 had a chronic evolution. The treatment used was corticosteroids in 60% of the cases investigated.

title: @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: We report the case of a 38-year-old @entity0 with @entity2 diathesis. Since early childhood she has suffered from @entity6 , @entity2 , ecchymoses and, since puberty, very frequent @entity5 . Prolongation of bleeding time and @entity4 (100,000 platelets/microliter) with giant platelets were observed. Since @entity9 was suspected, splenectomy was performed. Neither this nor @entity1 treatment caused any improvement. The @entity0 was able to give birth to an unaffected @entity0 , but delivery was followed by a major @entity2 . In 1986, hysterectomy was considered because of frequent @entity5 and, therefore, the @entity0 's hemostasis was reinvestigated. The aforementioned abnormalities were confirmed and complementary examinations by electron microscope revealed giant platelets without @entity3 . While @entity7 factor was normal, ristocetin agglutination was defective and analysis of platelet membrane glycoproteins showed absence of glycoprotein Ib. - These observations prompted the diagnosis of @entity8 . The study of the family demonstrated that 6 family members were heterozygote. This is believed to be the first large Bernard-Soulier family reported in Switzerland.

title: [ XXXX in a Swiss family].

answer: @entity8


abstract: 150 consecutive @entity0 with acute @entity4 received 750,000 units of intravenous streptokinase within four hours of @entity3 onset. Angiography was performed on day 6, from which ejection fraction (EF), @entity6 -related ejection fraction (IREF), and non- @entity6 related ejection fraction (NREF) were calculated. 50% @entity5 was considered to be significant. The streptokinase @entity0 with patent @entity6 who had no evidence of previous @entity4 were compared with 82 conventionally treated (without streptokinase) @entity0 who had no evidence of previous @entity4 . Sub-group analysis based on vessel involvement, usage and timing of streptokinase was done. Streptokinase was associated with better left ventricular function in all sub-groups if given less than 2 hours after @entity3 onset. In @entity4 , streptokinase @entity0 with @entity1 had normal EF (67 +/- 8), compared to significantly depressed @entity2 (56 +/- 12, p less than 0.05). This difference is accounted for more by the NREF than the IREF. In anterior @entity6 , @entity0 with @entity1 did only slightly better than multi-vessel disease. In multi- and single-vessel anterior @entity6 , preservation of function by streptokinase appears to be due to the compensatory ability of the non-infarcted region as well as the residual function of the @entity6 -related region. region.

title: Influence of vessel involvement and early streptokinase therapy on regional and global left ventricular function in acute XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Removing @entity5 from standard ionic contrast media markedly increases the incidence of @entity7 in @entity0 undergoing coronary angiography. Newer nonionic contrast media, @entity8 , @entity9 , and @entity10 contain only trace amounts of @entity5 . To determine whether @entity5 attenuates or potentiates @entity7 from nonionic contrast media, we measured the prolongation in QT interval and performed programmed electrical stimulation with one, two and three extra ventricular stimuli in 40 @entity1 during 4-mL intracoronary injections of @entity8 , @entity9 , and @entity10 . Solutions of each contrast medium with added @entity4 at concentrations of 0.225%, 0.45%, and 0.9% were compared with standard contrast media. The addition of @entity4 markedly increased the amount of @entity3 produced by each contrast medium. With @entity8 , the amount of @entity3 was 40 +/- 11 msec with standard @entity8 , but was 58 +/- 11 msec with 0.225% @entity4 / @entity8 , 84 +/- 17 msec with 0.45% @entity4 / @entity8 , and 132 +/- 42 msec with 0.9% @entity4 / @entity8 (P less than .001). Similar results were seen with @entity9 and @entity10 . @entity7 was difficult to induce with standard solutions of these agents (even with three extra stimuli), but became progressively easier to induce when @entity4 was added. Three extra stimuli produced @entity7 in zero of 11 @entity1 with standard @entity8 , zero of 11 with 0.225% @entity4 / @entity8 , three of 11 with 0.45% @entity4 / @entity8 , and eight of 11 with 0.9% @entity4 / @entity8 (P less than .001). Similar results were observed with @entity9 and @entity10 . The addition of @entity6 or @entity2 did not increase @entity7 and @entity3 . It is concluded that standard preparations of nonionic contrast media have a very low fibrillatory propensity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The effect of XXXX on the fibrillatory propensity of nonionic contrast media.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The normal maturational course of the visual evoked potential (VEP) in @entity0 newborns and @entity0 is well documented. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of data about VEP maturation in the 'normal' preterm @entity0 . Since this population is at risk to develop @entity3 affecting the VEP ( @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity4 ), one must question whether such VEP data collected from this group is representative of normal maturation. To provide normative parametric developmental data we have been studying VEP development in fetal @entity2 . Six fetal @entity2 between 105 and 120 days gestational age were externalized and surgically instrumented with subcutaneous recording electrodes placed over the occipital and parietal regions. High-intensity light-emitting diodes (LEDs) externalized fiberoptic cables were secured adjacent to the orbit. from 108 to 141 days gestation, fetal VEPs were recorded in response to bright flash stimulation and the maturational topography was investigated. Over the occipital regions, the emergence of major positivities at P400 and P650 were observed beginning around 120 days gestation. Over the parietal area, the emergence of P200 and P500 components was observed by 128 days gestation. The latency-maturation functions revealed that the slope of the parietal function was steeper than the occipital counterpart, suggesting that the maturation of parietal neurons occurs at a faster rate than neuronal development in the occipital regions.

title: Maturational topography of the visual evoked potential in fetal XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have attempted to establish a prognostic nutritional index prospectively in 633 @entity0 with digestive @entity4 making it possible to predict @entity1 resectability and occurrence of @entity5 . The following factors were studied prior to surgery: age, sex, @entity6 index, triceps skinfold thickness, midarm circumference, lymphocyte count, plasma albumin, @entity3 and prealbumin levels, delayed @entity2 as investigated by 8 skin tests. The prognostic nutritional index was calculated using Mullen's formula. Unidimensional and multidimensional studies (linear discriminant and logistic discriminant analyses with partial correlations) were used for the statistical analysis. Mortality was 6,7 p. 100 while 16,2 p. 100 of @entity0 presented a @entity5 . The following variables showed a significant correlation with the resectability of the @entity1 : @entity6 (p less than 0.0001), triceps skinfold thickness (p less than 0.01), midarm circumference (p less than 0.01), total lymphocyte count (p less than 0.01), plasma @entity3 (p less than 0.01), delayed @entity2 (p less than 0.05). In the occurrence of @entity5 there was a statistically significant value only to @entity6 (p less than 0.001) and delayed @entity2 (p less than 0.05). Logistic discriminant analysis gave a linear model predicting @entity1 resectability in 78 p. 100 of @entity0 and @entity5 in 86 p. 100 of @entity0 in which @entity6 and delayed @entity2 were statistically significant. No prognostic value of Mullen's index was found. This study shows that assessment of the preoperative nutritional status of @entity0 with @entity7 makes it possible to predict @entity1 resectability and @entity5 .

title: [Nutritional status of @entity0 with digestive system XXXX : preoperative prognostic significance].

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have attempted to establish a prognostic nutritional index prospectively in 633 @entity0 with digestive @entity4 making it possible to predict @entity1 resectability and occurrence of @entity5 . The following factors were studied prior to surgery: age, sex, @entity6 index, triceps skinfold thickness, midarm circumference, lymphocyte count, plasma albumin, @entity3 and prealbumin levels, delayed @entity2 as investigated by 8 skin tests. The prognostic nutritional index was calculated using Mullen's formula. Unidimensional and multidimensional studies (linear discriminant and logistic discriminant analyses with partial correlations) were used for the statistical analysis. Mortality was 6,7 p. 100 while 16,2 p. 100 of @entity0 presented a @entity5 . The following variables showed a significant correlation with the resectability of the @entity1 : @entity6 (p less than 0.0001), triceps skinfold thickness (p less than 0.01), midarm circumference (p less than 0.01), total lymphocyte count (p less than 0.01), plasma @entity3 (p less than 0.01), delayed @entity2 (p less than 0.05). In the occurrence of @entity5 there was a statistically significant value only to @entity6 (p less than 0.001) and delayed @entity2 (p less than 0.05). Logistic discriminant analysis gave a linear model predicting @entity1 resectability in 78 p. 100 of @entity0 and @entity5 in 86 p. 100 of @entity0 in which @entity6 and delayed @entity2 were statistically significant. No prognostic value of Mullen's index was found. This study shows that assessment of the preoperative nutritional status of @entity0 with @entity7 makes it possible to predict @entity1 resectability and @entity5 .

title: [Nutritional status of XXXX with digestive system @entity1 : preoperative prognostic significance].

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. The haemodynamic and metabolic responses of four laboratory @entity1 to horizontal treadmill exercise at 8, 12, 16 and 20 m/min were studied. The primary haemodynamic variables measured were heart rate, cardiac output and arterial pressure. The metabolic variables measured were arteriovenous @entity0 difference, whole-body @entity0 consumption and central venous plasma @entity2 concentration. 2. Only at 8 m/min did the haemodynamic and metabolic variables reach an approximate steady state. This was the greatest speed at which aerobic exercise could be sustained for 4 min in all @entity1 . 3. As the speed of the treadmill was increased the @entity1 showed signs of exhaustion after progressively shorter periods of exercise. Exhaustion was associated with steep rises in central venous plasma @entity2 concentration. Exhaustion was also usually associated with secondary rises in systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure, especially at 20 m/min. 4. The asymptotic (maximal) values for heart rate, cardiac index and O2 consumption were 386 beats/min, 263 ml/kg per min and 21.7 ml/kg per min, respectively. heart do not permit it to run continuously at other than a slow rate. Exhaustion is associated with increasing @entity0 debt and, especially at near-maximal rates of exercise, with intense vasoconstriction in as yet unidentified vascular beds.

title: Haemodynamic and metabolic responses of laboratory XXXX to near-maximal treadmill exercise.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the long-term results of extended parietal cell vagotomy (EPCV) in the treatment of @entity0 with duodenal @entity3 and their complications. METHODS: Form 1979 to 2001, EPCV was performed in 321 @entity0 with duodenal @entity3 and their complications. Of these @entity0 56 had chronic duodenal @entity3 , 204 perforation, 16 @entity1 and 40 @entity2 . The following items were evaluated: complications of operation, gastric secretion, gastric emptying, endoscopical and radiographical findings, nutritional status, absorption function, and Visick scale. RESULTS: Postoperative follow-up ranged from 0.5 to 22.0 years (mean 11.3 years) in 289 of the 321 @entity0 with a follow-up rate of 90.0%. Neither operative mortality nor dumping syndrome was noted. Episodic postprandial fullness occurred in 19 @entity0 (6.5%), acid regurgitation in 17 (5.8%) and adhesive ileus in 4 (1.4%). Ulceration recurred in 16 @entity0 (5.5%). Duodenal @entity3 was seen in 8 @entity0 (19.5%), @entity1 in 0 (0%), @entity2 in 2 (5.3%), and perforation in 6 (3.1%). @entity3 healed rapidly after medical therapy in 10 @entity0 . Six @entity0 received antrectomy and gastrectomy. In 289 (91.7%) @entity0 of Grade I and II of Visick scale, 191 (95.3%) had perforation. CONCLUSIONS: EPCV is easy to perform with a low rate of post operative complication and @entity3 recurrence. It should be a treatment of choice for acute perforation, @entity1 or @entity2 due to duodenal @entity3 .

title: [Long-term results of extended parietal cell vagotomy in treatment of duodenal XXXX and their complications: report of 321 cases].

answer: @entity3


abstract: We investigated the clinical activity of the farnesyl transferase inhibitor @entity10 in 22 @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in chronic, accelerated, or blastic phase and in 8 @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and 10 @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity10 was administered at 600 mg orally twice daily for 4 weeks every 6 weeks. Seven @entity0 with @entity6 (6 in chronic phase, 1 in advanced phase) achieved complete or partial hematologic response. Four of them had a minor cytogenetic response. Responses were transient, with a median duration of 9 weeks (range, 3-23 weeks). Two @entity0 discontinued therapy because of @entity2 while in complete hematologic response. Two @entity9 @entity0 had a significant decrease in @entity3 , one had normalization of white blood cell count and differential, and one became transfusion independent. One @entity0 with @entity5 had a reduction in monoclonal protein of 34%. Adverse events included @entity4 in 22 @entity0 (55%; all grade 2 or lower) and fatigue in 19 (48%; grade 3 or higher in 1). Other grade 3 or 4 @entity2 included @entity8 (4 @entity0 , 10%), @entity7 (2 @entity0 , 5%), and liver @entity2 (2 @entity0 , 5%). @entity0 who responded to therapy had significantly higher plasma @entity1 ( @entity1 ) concentrations prior to treatment than nonresponders. Plasma concentrations decreased significantly during therapy among responders. @entity10 showed clinical activity in @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity9 . The effect on @entity1 needs to be further investigated to determine whether this might be a possible mechanism of action of @entity10 .

title: Efficacy of the farnesyl transferase inhibitor XXXX in chronic myeloid leukemia and other hematologic malignancies.

answer: @entity10


abstract: 1. It is well-established that inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) and hence of @entity5 (PG) biosynthesis reverse inflammatory @entity4 and @entity1 in both @entity0 and animal models of @entity3 . 2. Paw @entity1 and @entity4 in @entity2 were induced by injecting carrageenan (250 micro g paw(-1)) into a hindpaw. Both inflammatory responses were followed for 24 h after the injection, measuring @entity4 by decreased @entity3 threshold in the paws and @entity1 by plethysmography. 3. Three selective inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), @entity9 , @entity10 and @entity11 , given systemically in a range of doses, before the inflammatory stimulus, abolished carrageenan-induced @entity4 with @entity1 . These inhibitors also induced hypoalgesia, increasing nociceptive thresholds in the inflamed paw above normal, non-inflamed levels. This hypoalgesia was lost at the higher doses of the selective inhibitors, although @entity4 was still prevented. 4. In paws injected with saline only, @entity9 , given at the dose inducing the maximum hypoalgesia after carrageenan, did not alter the nociceptive thresholds. 5. Two non-selective inhibitors of COX-2, @entity6 and @entity7 , abolished @entity4 and reduced @entity1 but did not induce hypoalgesia. 6. @entity9 given locally into the paw also abolished inflammatory @entity4 and induced hypoalgesia without reducing @entity1 . 7. We conclude that hypoalgesia is expressed only over a critical range of COX-2 inhibition and that concomitant inhibition of @entity8 prevents expression of hypoalgesia, although @entity4 is still prevented. 8 Our results suggest a novel anti-nociceptive pathway mediating hypoalgesia, involving COX-2 selectively and having a clear peripheral component. This peripheral component can be further explored for therapeutic purposes.

title: Selective inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) induce hypoalgesia in a XXXX paw model of inflammation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 kinase (TK) is a growth factor-inducible enzyme that is highly expressed in proliferating @entity0 cells. Expression of @entity1 TK mRNA is controlled by transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms including antisense transcription. Here we report the identification of a novel gene that is divergently transcribed from the bidirectional TK promoter. This gene encodes @entity7 formamidase (KF), an enzyme of the @entity4 metabolism. Whereas the TK gene is induced upon @entity3 -mediated activation of resting T cells, the KF gene becomes simultaneously repressed. The TK promoter is regulated by E2F, @entity6 , histone acetyltransferases, and deacetylases. The binding site for the growth-regulated transcription factor E2F is beneficial for TK promoter activity but not required for KF expression. In contrast, the @entity6 binding site is crucial for transcription in both directions. Inhibition of histone deacetylases by @entity5 leads to increased histone acetylation at the TK/KF promoter and thereby to selective activation of the TK promoter and simultaneous shut-off of KF expression. Similarly, TK gene activation by @entity3 is linked to histone hyperacetylation, whereas KF expression correlates with reduced histone acetylation. The KF gene is the rare example of a @entity0 gene whose expression is linked to histone hypoacetylation at its promoter.

title: Alternate activation of two divergently transcribed XXXX genes from a bidirectional promoter is linked to changes in histone modification.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Mutations in the gene encoding nonmuscle @entity9 ( @entity9 ), an actin cross-linking protein, lead to congenital @entity4 . This suggests that @entity9 is an essential component of the glomerular filtration barrier. In the present study, we attempted to purify @entity9 from the @entity0 kidney. We also examined an interaction of the protein with @entity6 ( @entity5 ), which can induce @entity4 in animals. A 100-kD protein reactive with antibody against muscle @entity8 was purified from the Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton of porcine kidney, by @entity7 treatment, @entity3 fractionation, and subsequent DEAE-cellulose chromatography and hydroxyapatite chromatography. Its partial @entity2 sequence was then determined. A filamentous actin (F-actin)-binding activity of the purified protein was examined by a cosedimentation assay. Interactions of the purified protein and its fragments with @entity5 were analyzed by an affinity assay using @entity5 -Sepharose. Determined 134 @entity2 sequences of the purified porcine renal 100-kD protein were completely identical with those deduced from @entity1 sequence of the cDNA encoding @entity0 @entity9 . The purified protein possessed the known function of @entity8 , the F-actin-binding activity, and was tightly bound to @entity5 . The @entity5 -binding site was mapped within a central rod domain of the protein, which is a possible interaction site for various cytoskeletal and transmembrane proteins. We have established an efficient purification method for renal @entity9 . Moreover, our findings indicate that the central rod domain of @entity9 has a high affinity to @entity5 . In the @entity5 @entity4 animal model, @entity9 might be a target protein from @entity5 nephrotoxicity.

title: Renal XXXX : purification and @entity6 -binding property.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Mutations in the gene encoding nonmuscle @entity9 ( @entity9 ), an actin cross-linking protein, lead to congenital @entity4 . This suggests that @entity9 is an essential component of the glomerular filtration barrier. In the present study, we attempted to purify @entity9 from the @entity0 kidney. We also examined an interaction of the protein with @entity6 ( @entity5 ), which can induce @entity4 in animals. A 100-kD protein reactive with antibody against muscle @entity8 was purified from the Triton-insoluble cytoskeleton of porcine kidney, by @entity7 treatment, @entity3 fractionation, and subsequent DEAE-cellulose chromatography and hydroxyapatite chromatography. Its partial @entity2 sequence was then determined. A filamentous actin (F-actin)-binding activity of the purified protein was examined by a cosedimentation assay. Interactions of the purified protein and its fragments with @entity5 were analyzed by an affinity assay using @entity5 -Sepharose. Determined 134 @entity2 sequences of the purified porcine renal 100-kD protein were completely identical with those deduced from @entity1 sequence of the cDNA encoding @entity0 @entity9 . The purified protein possessed the known function of @entity8 , the F-actin-binding activity, and was tightly bound to @entity5 . The @entity5 -binding site was mapped within a central rod domain of the protein, which is a possible interaction site for various cytoskeletal and transmembrane proteins. We have established an efficient purification method for renal @entity9 . Moreover, our findings indicate that the central rod domain of @entity9 has a high affinity to @entity5 . In the @entity5 @entity4 animal model, @entity9 might be a target protein from @entity5 nephrotoxicity.

title: Renal @entity9 : purification and XXXX -binding property.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: High concentrations of @entity3 and @entity9 have been demonstrated in @entity0 @entity4 and exert mitogenic effects through paracrine/autocrine interactions with the @entity5 ( @entity5 ). However, definitive studies of @entity5 expression in these tissues have not been performed. METHODS: To study changes in the levels of the @entity5 in @entity2 , we analyzed the expression of @entity5 in 40 paired samples of normal and @entity8 colonic tissue by quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, and ligand binding. RESULTS: As measured by RT-PCR, the @entity5 mRNA ratio in paired @entity1 and adjacent normal mucosa was higher than 2.0 in 32 of 40 (80%) samples. The overall mean @entity5 mRNA level was five-fold higher in @entity1 versus adjacent normal mucosa (P < 0.0001). Overexpression of @entity5 in @entity4 was confirmed at the protein level by immunohistochemistry and receptor-binding studies. @entity4 cells exhibited a positive staining for @entity5 in 91% of all @entity1 (30 of 33) whereas the adjacent normal colonic epithelial cells showed only a very faint or no significant @entity5 immunoreactivity. Radioligand assays and Scatchard analysis in both tissue types revealed a single class of high-affinity @entity5 -binding sites with a similar dissociation constant (K(d;) 0.14 +/- 0.02 nmol/L, n = 18). However, specific (125) @entity3 -binding and receptor concentrations were elevated in @entity1 membranes compared with normal mucosa (33.6 +/- 5.6 vs. 22.7 +/- 3.4 fmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). @entity3 affinity crosslinking and @entity7 - @entity6 gel electrophoresis displayed specific bands corresponding to the size of the normal alpha-subunit of the @entity5 that were more intense in @entity8 samples. @entity9 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in @entity2 (P < 0.0001). The @entity9 mRNA ratio in @entity1 versus normal tissue was elevated more than twofold in 28 of 40 paired samples and a positive correlation was observed between the overexpression of @entity9 and @entity5 in the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that, in addition to @entity9 , a strong overexpression of @entity5 is found in the majority of @entity2 , supporting the hypothesis of an important role of the IGF system in the pathogenesis of @entity2 .

title: Overexpression of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: High concentrations of @entity3 and @entity9 have been demonstrated in @entity0 @entity4 and exert mitogenic effects through paracrine/autocrine interactions with the @entity5 ( @entity5 ). However, definitive studies of @entity5 expression in these tissues have not been performed. METHODS: To study changes in the levels of the @entity5 in @entity2 , we analyzed the expression of @entity5 in 40 paired samples of normal and @entity8 colonic tissue by quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, and ligand binding. RESULTS: As measured by RT-PCR, the @entity5 mRNA ratio in paired @entity1 and adjacent normal mucosa was higher than 2.0 in 32 of 40 (80%) samples. The overall mean @entity5 mRNA level was five-fold higher in @entity1 versus adjacent normal mucosa (P < 0.0001). Overexpression of @entity5 in @entity4 was confirmed at the protein level by immunohistochemistry and receptor-binding studies. @entity4 cells exhibited a positive staining for @entity5 in 91% of all @entity1 (30 of 33) whereas the adjacent normal colonic epithelial cells showed only a very faint or no significant @entity5 immunoreactivity. Radioligand assays and Scatchard analysis in both tissue types revealed a single class of high-affinity @entity5 -binding sites with a similar dissociation constant (K(d;) 0.14 +/- 0.02 nmol/L, n = 18). However, specific (125) @entity3 -binding and receptor concentrations were elevated in @entity1 membranes compared with normal mucosa (33.6 +/- 5.6 vs. 22.7 +/- 3.4 fmol/mg protein, P < 0.05). @entity3 affinity crosslinking and @entity7 - @entity6 gel electrophoresis displayed specific bands corresponding to the size of the normal alpha-subunit of the @entity5 that were more intense in @entity8 samples. @entity9 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in @entity2 (P < 0.0001). The @entity9 mRNA ratio in @entity1 versus normal tissue was elevated more than twofold in 28 of 40 paired samples and a positive correlation was observed between the overexpression of @entity9 and @entity5 in the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that, in addition to @entity9 , a strong overexpression of @entity5 is found in the majority of @entity2 , supporting the hypothesis of an important role of the IGF system in the pathogenesis of @entity2 .

title: Overexpression of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor in XXXX @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of blood pressure variability and circadian rhythm on left ventricular mass and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAE) in @entity0 with essential @entity1 . 82 untreated @entity0 (35 @entity0 and 47 @entity0 ; mean age 41.1 +/- 13.7) were recruited to this study. Mean office blood pressure at entry was 152/97 mmHg. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed using an Medilog @entity4 recorder (Oxford). Blood pressure variability was estimated as the standard deviation (SD) of systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood pressure. Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was estimated by the radioimmunoassay during two separate days. Echocardiography was used to measure left ventricular mass and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). The median urinary albumin excretion for the whole group was 8.2 mg/day; in 18 @entity0 (21.9%) microalbuminuria was present. Left ventricular mass index in a whole group was 109.1 g/m2; in 23 subjects (28.0%) @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was found. @entity0 with microalbuminuria as well as with @entity3 had higher office and 24 hour ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure and higher systolic blood pressure variability. During ABPM 18 @entity0 with @entity2 (non-dippers) were found; they did not display more frequent prevalence of target organ damage. Increased 24-hour blood pressure variability present in @entity1 subjects with both microalbuminuria and @entity3 may suggest that this phenomenon plays role in development of target organ damage.

title: [Circadian rhythm and variability of blood pressure and target organ damage in essential XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was used to evaluate cold thyroid nodules in 179 @entity0 treated between 1990 and 1998. The purpose of this study was to see whether @entity2 findings of follicular or Hurthle cells could help in planning the extent of thyroid surgery. Group I @entity0 (47) had findings suggestive of follicular or @entity3 . Group II @entity0 (132) had inconclusive results. In group I @entity2 was 100 per cent correct in diagnosing follicular or @entity3 with a high percentage of malignant findings ( @entity1 85 per cent and benign adenoma 15 per cent). In Group II @entity1 was found in 16 per cent and benign pathology in 84 per cent. @entity0 were more likely to have @entity1 than @entity0 . The average age was over 50 years in @entity0 with either malignant or benign nodules. In addition there was no significant difference in average size of benign or malignant nodules (2.9 vs 2.6 cm respectively). When an @entity2 finding was suggestive of @entity1 was found in 85 per cent. On the other hand when an @entity2 was inconclusive @entity1 was present in 16 per cent. Thus we conclude that using @entity2 finding can guide surgical resection and recommend performing total or subtotal thyroidectomy when @entity2 is suggestive of @entity1 and lobectomy when @entity2 is inconclusive.

title: Can fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodule help in determining the extent of surgery in follicular and XXXX at a community teaching institution?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between expression of cell adhesion molecular @entity4 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and metastatic suppressor gene @entity8 as well as the clinicopathologic features including cell differentiation, invasion and @entity0 of thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 . METHODS: Forty two (42) @entity2 ( @entity7 ) and 54 @entity3 ( @entity5 ) were collected for studying the expression of @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity8 using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Neoplastic epithelium and infiltrating lymphocyte expressed @entity4 in an intense plasma membrane pattern. @entity4 expression rates in poorly differentiated @entity7 (80%) and @entity5 cases with @entity0 (78%) were significantly higher than those of well-differentiated @entity7 cases (64%) and @entity5 without @entity0 cases (59%) respectively. @entity2 tissue was positive for @entity6 and @entity8 in a cytoplasm pattern. Well-differentiated @entity7 presented a higher @entity6 and @entity8 expression rate than poorly-differentiated @entity7 , but both had a lower expression rate than that of @entity5 (70% and 76%, P < 0.01). The expression rate and intensity of @entity6 and @entity8 were lower and less in metastatic @entity5 than those in primary @entity5 . Expression rate of @entity4 (72%) in thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 was higher than those of @entity6 (54%, P < 0.01) and @entity8 (61%, P < 0.05). @entity6 expression was adversely correlated with that of @entity8 (chi(2) = 15.75, P < 0.011, r = 0.522 2). There was a reverse relationship between expression of @entity4 and @entity6 or nm23 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Cell differentiation degree in @entity7 and @entity0 in @entity5 have positive correlation with the expression of @entity6 and nm23, but have a reverse correlation with the expression of @entity4 . There was a relationship between expression of @entity4 , @entity6 , nm23 and the characteristics of the degree of differentiation, metastatic potential and the prognosis of thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 .

title: [Pathological study on the expression of cell adhesion molecules and @entity0 suppressor gene in XXXX and @entity3 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between expression of cell adhesion molecular @entity4 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and metastatic suppressor gene @entity8 as well as the clinicopathologic features including cell differentiation, invasion and @entity0 of thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 . METHODS: Forty two (42) @entity2 ( @entity7 ) and 54 @entity3 ( @entity5 ) were collected for studying the expression of @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity8 using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Neoplastic epithelium and infiltrating lymphocyte expressed @entity4 in an intense plasma membrane pattern. @entity4 expression rates in poorly differentiated @entity7 (80%) and @entity5 cases with @entity0 (78%) were significantly higher than those of well-differentiated @entity7 cases (64%) and @entity5 without @entity0 cases (59%) respectively. @entity2 tissue was positive for @entity6 and @entity8 in a cytoplasm pattern. Well-differentiated @entity7 presented a higher @entity6 and @entity8 expression rate than poorly-differentiated @entity7 , but both had a lower expression rate than that of @entity5 (70% and 76%, P < 0.01). The expression rate and intensity of @entity6 and @entity8 were lower and less in metastatic @entity5 than those in primary @entity5 . Expression rate of @entity4 (72%) in thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 was higher than those of @entity6 (54%, P < 0.01) and @entity8 (61%, P < 0.05). @entity6 expression was adversely correlated with that of @entity8 (chi(2) = 15.75, P < 0.011, r = 0.522 2). There was a reverse relationship between expression of @entity4 and @entity6 or nm23 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Cell differentiation degree in @entity7 and @entity0 in @entity5 have positive correlation with the expression of @entity6 and nm23, but have a reverse correlation with the expression of @entity4 . There was a relationship between expression of @entity4 , @entity6 , nm23 and the characteristics of the degree of differentiation, metastatic potential and the prognosis of thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 .

title: [Pathological study on the expression of cell adhesion molecules and XXXX suppressor gene in @entity2 and @entity3 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between expression of cell adhesion molecular @entity4 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and metastatic suppressor gene @entity8 as well as the clinicopathologic features including cell differentiation, invasion and @entity0 of thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 . METHODS: Forty two (42) @entity2 ( @entity7 ) and 54 @entity3 ( @entity5 ) were collected for studying the expression of @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity8 using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Neoplastic epithelium and infiltrating lymphocyte expressed @entity4 in an intense plasma membrane pattern. @entity4 expression rates in poorly differentiated @entity7 (80%) and @entity5 cases with @entity0 (78%) were significantly higher than those of well-differentiated @entity7 cases (64%) and @entity5 without @entity0 cases (59%) respectively. @entity2 tissue was positive for @entity6 and @entity8 in a cytoplasm pattern. Well-differentiated @entity7 presented a higher @entity6 and @entity8 expression rate than poorly-differentiated @entity7 , but both had a lower expression rate than that of @entity5 (70% and 76%, P < 0.01). The expression rate and intensity of @entity6 and @entity8 were lower and less in metastatic @entity5 than those in primary @entity5 . Expression rate of @entity4 (72%) in thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 was higher than those of @entity6 (54%, P < 0.01) and @entity8 (61%, P < 0.05). @entity6 expression was adversely correlated with that of @entity8 (chi(2) = 15.75, P < 0.011, r = 0.522 2). There was a reverse relationship between expression of @entity4 and @entity6 or nm23 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Cell differentiation degree in @entity7 and @entity0 in @entity5 have positive correlation with the expression of @entity6 and nm23, but have a reverse correlation with the expression of @entity4 . There was a relationship between expression of @entity4 , @entity6 , nm23 and the characteristics of the degree of differentiation, metastatic potential and the prognosis of thyroid follicular-derived @entity1 .

title: [Pathological study on the expression of cell adhesion molecules and @entity0 suppressor gene in @entity2 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: A case of asynchronous @entity6 is reported. A 52-year-old @entity0 with the chief complaint of asymptomatic gross @entity5 visited our hospital on November 16, 1981. Intravesicular pyelography showed poor secretion of the left kidney, compression of its pelvis and calyces and normal visualization of the right kidney. On computer tomographic (CT) scanning, abdominal aortogram and left selective renal angiogram, a round @entity2 lesion on the left kidney was recognized. Under the diagnosis of left @entity4 , radical left nephrectomy was performed in December, 1981. Histological diagnosis was @entity6 of the left kidney. He was administered @entity7 . In December, 1985, CT showed a space-occupying lesion laterally on the right kidney and another suspected @entity2 . On the right selective renal angiogram, a @entity3 about 3 cm in diameter was found on the upper portion of the right kidney. On February 10, 1986 simple surgical enucleation of the 2 @entity4 was performed. Histological diagnosis was the same as that of the left kidney. Postoperative course was uneventful. He is well without recurrence or @entity1 8 months after operation.

title: [A case of XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Post-mortem analyses suggest that @entity4 more often contributes to late-onset @entity3 than hitherto expected. We set out to further unravel the relation between @entity4 and @entity2 . We therefore tested the hypothesis that the number of @entity1 is positively associated with @entity2 in elderly subjects, and that the smaller number of @entity1 in @entity0 explains the better cognitive function of elderly @entity0 . Within the Leiden 85-plus Study, we assessed the @entity4 burden by counting the number of @entity1 in the medical histories of a population-based sample of 599 subjects aged 85 years (response 87%). Significantly more @entity0 than @entity0 had a history of @entity1 (67% compared to 59%, P<0.001). In addition, cognitive function was assessed. All subjects completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cognitive speed and memory were determined with specific neuro-psychological tests in those with a MMSE-score above 18 points. There was a highly significant dose-response relationship between the number of @entity1 and @entity2 for both @entity0 and @entity0 . The median MMSE-score was 26 points in subjects without @entity1 and decreased to 25 points for subjects who had two or more @entity1 (P for trend =0.003). Similar associations were found for cognitive speed but not for memory. Our data confirm that in old age @entity4 significantly contributes to @entity2 . Since treatments for @entity4 appear to be particularly effective in elderly @entity0 , we consider our finding of utmost clinical importance in possibly preventing @entity2 and late-onset @entity3 .

title: @entity4 and XXXX are linked in the elderly. The Leiden 85-plus Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Post-mortem analyses suggest that @entity4 more often contributes to late-onset @entity3 than hitherto expected. We set out to further unravel the relation between @entity4 and @entity2 . We therefore tested the hypothesis that the number of @entity1 is positively associated with @entity2 in elderly subjects, and that the smaller number of @entity1 in @entity0 explains the better cognitive function of elderly @entity0 . Within the Leiden 85-plus Study, we assessed the @entity4 burden by counting the number of @entity1 in the medical histories of a population-based sample of 599 subjects aged 85 years (response 87%). Significantly more @entity0 than @entity0 had a history of @entity1 (67% compared to 59%, P<0.001). In addition, cognitive function was assessed. All subjects completed the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Cognitive speed and memory were determined with specific neuro-psychological tests in those with a MMSE-score above 18 points. There was a highly significant dose-response relationship between the number of @entity1 and @entity2 for both @entity0 and @entity0 . The median MMSE-score was 26 points in subjects without @entity1 and decreased to 25 points for subjects who had two or more @entity1 (P for trend =0.003). Similar associations were found for cognitive speed but not for memory. Our data confirm that in old age @entity4 significantly contributes to @entity2 . Since treatments for @entity4 appear to be particularly effective in elderly @entity0 , we consider our finding of utmost clinical importance in possibly preventing @entity2 and late-onset @entity3 .

title: XXXX and @entity2 are linked in the elderly. The Leiden 85-plus Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 and @entity1 modulate cellular and tissue functions via specific @entity3 , respectively. Although, in general, @entity2 inhibits excitability and @entity1 functions as an excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system, little is known about the direct interaction between @entity3 . We recently demonstrated that the G(i/o)-coupled @entity2 A1 receptor (A1R) and G(q/11)-coupled @entity4 ( @entity4 ) form a heteromeric complex with a unique pharmacology in cotransfected HEK293T cells using the coimmunoprecipitation of differentially epitope-tagged forms of the receptor [Yoshioka et al. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 7617-7622], although it remained to be determined whether this hetero-oligomerization occurs in vivo. In the present study, we first demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of A1R and @entity4 by double immunofluorescence experiments with confocal laser microscopy in @entity0 cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum in addition to primary cultures of cortical neurons. Then, a direct association of A1R with @entity4 was shown in coimmunoprecipitation studies using membrane extracts from these regions of @entity0 brain. Together, these results suggest the widespread colocalization of A1R and @entity4 in @entity0 brain, and both receptors can exist in the same neuron, and therefore associate as hetero-oligomeric complexes in the @entity0 brain.

title: Hetero-oligomerization of XXXX A1 receptors with P2Y1 receptors in @entity0 brains.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 and @entity1 modulate cellular and tissue functions via specific @entity3 , respectively. Although, in general, @entity2 inhibits excitability and @entity1 functions as an excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system, little is known about the direct interaction between @entity3 . We recently demonstrated that the G(i/o)-coupled @entity2 A1 receptor (A1R) and G(q/11)-coupled @entity4 ( @entity4 ) form a heteromeric complex with a unique pharmacology in cotransfected HEK293T cells using the coimmunoprecipitation of differentially epitope-tagged forms of the receptor [Yoshioka et al. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 7617-7622], although it remained to be determined whether this hetero-oligomerization occurs in vivo. In the present study, we first demonstrated a high degree of colocalization of A1R and @entity4 by double immunofluorescence experiments with confocal laser microscopy in @entity0 cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum in addition to primary cultures of cortical neurons. Then, a direct association of A1R with @entity4 was shown in coimmunoprecipitation studies using membrane extracts from these regions of @entity0 brain. Together, these results suggest the widespread colocalization of A1R and @entity4 in @entity0 brain, and both receptors can exist in the same neuron, and therefore associate as hetero-oligomeric complexes in the @entity0 brain.

title: Hetero-oligomerization of @entity2 A1 receptors with P2Y1 receptors in XXXX brains.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To devise and validate a CT-based visual rating scale sensitive to subcortical @entity1 (sCVD) in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: Three types of @entity4 were rated separately in 16 brain regions. A unique vascular score was computed weighing the regression coefficients of the three scores in linear models. Thereafter, subcortical vascular classes ( @entity6 ) of increasing severity (0-3) were created. Known-group and convergent validity of the @entity6 was tested in 122 @entity2 @entity0 with MMSE of 18 and higher. These @entity0 were grouped according to clinical diagnosis in degenerative, mixed, and vascular. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficients were between 0.86 and 0.94. The subcortical vascular score was 8.0+/-9.4 in the degenerative, 33.0+/-17.2 in the mixed, and 36.8+/-14.8 in the vascular @entity0 (p=0.0001). In particular, none of the degenerative @entity0 had @entity6 =3, and only 14% had @entity6 =2. On the contrary, none of the mixed and vascular @entity0 had @entity6 =0, while about 50% had @entity6 =3 in both groups. The prevalence of @entity3 was increasing with increasing @entity6 (p for trend=0.02). The performance on tasks evaluating balance, gait, and @entity5 decreased with increasing @entity6 severity (p for trend=0.006, 0.01, 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: The scale is a valid tool to estimate the vascular component in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Development of a CT-based weighted rating scale for subcortical XXXX sensitive to mild clinical symptoms.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A study of the seasonality and @entity1 rates of ticks was carried out in 11 @entity2 herds in different ecological habitats in Zambia between 1980 and 1982. Wherever possible supplementary data were obtained from opportunistic collections from @entity2 and other hosts. Analysis of over 1000 tick collections from @entity2 indicated that @entity1 rates of the most important species, Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus vary in different ecological habitats: (i) In Western Province, @entity1 are much lower than elsewhere; (ii) in Central and Southern Provinces, moderate to high @entity1 occur; and (iii) in Eastern Province, R. appendiculatus numbers are generally low and A. variegatum numbers are moderate. These two species, however, have similar life cycles throughout their range with one generation per year. Larvae occur mainly from March to May, nymphae from May to September, and adults of A. variegatum from October to December and of R. appendiculatus from December to April. Boophilus decoloratus appears to have two to four generations per year but is uncommon during the rainy season. In some areas in central Zambia Rhipicephalus compositus adults are seasonally common in September-October whereas Rhipicephalus evertsi is more or less ubiquitous. Low to moderate @entity1 of Hyalomma truncatum and Hyalomma rufipes occur in most areas. At least 14 other less common or rare species of Rhipicephalus, Amblyomma, Haemaphysalis and Ixodes were taken infrequently from @entity2 . These and other host-specific species were also collected from @entity0 , @entity3 , various wildlife hosts and the environment. Infestation rates, seasonality and host-relationships of tick species are discussed in relation to their ecology. Relevant biosystematic and disease relationships are reviewed briefly. The baseline data derived from this study are adequate for integrated analysis with those from other ecological and economic investigations to formulate tick control strategies.

title: Ecology and phenology of ticks in Zambia: seasonal dynamics on XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The role of @entity3 in reducing exercise-induced ischaemia and @entity2 was examined in @entity0 with single vessel chronic @entity5 created using an ameroid constrictor. Treadmill exercise produced significant regional @entity1 (blood flow measured using microspheres) and @entity2 (systolic wall thickening measured with sonomicrometers). @entity0 were initially studied during a control run before and during a second identical run after administration of the cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocker @entity4 , which improved regional ischaemic function from 4.4 +/- 3.7% to 8.5 +/- 2.8% and subendocardial perfusion from 0.43 +/- 0.23 to 0.55 +/- 0.29 ml min-1 g-1. In another group of @entity0 during a run with @entity4 , the heart rate was paced to match the rate observed in the control run. During the @entity4 run with pacing, all beneficial effects of @entity4 observed at the reduced exercise heart rate were lost. A third group of @entity0 received the bradycardic agent UL-FS 49 (1.0 mg kg-1, i.v.) prior to exercise. UL-FS 49 produced a heart rate reduction during exercise from 230 +/- 19 to 139 +/- 10 beats min-1; this was associated with an increase in systolic wall thickening from 9.3 +/- 5.0% (during the control run) to 21.5 +/- 8.4%, thereby eliminating the exercise-induced @entity2 . Transmural myocardial blood flow per beat to the poststenotic myocardium was improved significantly from 4.8 X 10(-3) +/- 1.9 X 10(-3) ml beat-1 to 9.8 X 10(-3) +/- 1.7 X 10(-3). Atrial pacing to match heart rate to the control exercise rate during the UL-FS 49 run did not eliminate all of the improvement in systolic wall thickening.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Role of heart rate reduction in the treatment of exercise-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Betel quid (BQ) chewing has been a well-documented cause of @entity10 ( @entity10 ). Evolution from early @entity1 to the late or @entity11 stage has been recognized. The pathobiological and molecular mechanism, however, remains to be elucidated. In this study, a total of 232 samples obtained from 153 cases of BQ-related @entity10 were retrospectively evaluated for the expression of @entity4 and @entity3 in comparison with 26 cases of BQ-unrelated lesions (n = 29). The possible role of @entity6 ) was also investigated. These BQ-related OELs included @entity8 (VIH, n = 57, 24.6%), @entity12 (n = 23, 9.9%), @entity2 ( @entity2 , n = 5, 2.1%) and @entity5 ( @entity5 , n = 106, 45.7%). Fifty-four cases (35.3%) had @entity1 . In comparison with the BQ-unrelated OELs, the characteristics of BQ-related OELs were a younger age, male predilection and multicentricity. In contrast to the tongue in BQ-unrelated OELs, the most common site for all types of BQ-related lesions was the buccal mucosa. Immunohistochemical studies of BQ-related lesions showed @entity4 staining in 30% of @entity7 and 38% of @entity5 , but a consistent absence in VH and @entity2 . The cases with @entity4 -positive @entity5 had a higher recurrence rate than @entity4 -negative ones. @entity3 expression was negligible for all types of lesions. HPV-6/11 was detectable in 10% of @entity7 and 13% of @entity5 , but in neither VH nor @entity2 . @entity9 /18, however, was consistently negative for all types of lesions. Our data suggest that @entity4 , but not @entity3 , may play a role in @entity0 progression of BQ-related OELs, and that VH and @entity2 are distinct and closely related histological lesions. The consistent absence of the malignant-type HPV in all BQ-related lesions suggests that HPV plays an insignificant role in the tumorigenesis of BQ-related @entity0 , although a cooperative role may exist between the benign-type HPV and BQ chewing.

title: Pathological features of betel quid-related XXXX in taiwan with special emphasis on the @entity0 progression and @entity6 association.

answer: @entity10


abstract: Betel quid (BQ) chewing has been a well-documented cause of @entity10 ( @entity10 ). Evolution from early @entity1 to the late or @entity11 stage has been recognized. The pathobiological and molecular mechanism, however, remains to be elucidated. In this study, a total of 232 samples obtained from 153 cases of BQ-related @entity10 were retrospectively evaluated for the expression of @entity4 and @entity3 in comparison with 26 cases of BQ-unrelated lesions (n = 29). The possible role of @entity6 ) was also investigated. These BQ-related OELs included @entity8 (VIH, n = 57, 24.6%), @entity12 (n = 23, 9.9%), @entity2 ( @entity2 , n = 5, 2.1%) and @entity5 ( @entity5 , n = 106, 45.7%). Fifty-four cases (35.3%) had @entity1 . In comparison with the BQ-unrelated OELs, the characteristics of BQ-related OELs were a younger age, male predilection and multicentricity. In contrast to the tongue in BQ-unrelated OELs, the most common site for all types of BQ-related lesions was the buccal mucosa. Immunohistochemical studies of BQ-related lesions showed @entity4 staining in 30% of @entity7 and 38% of @entity5 , but a consistent absence in VH and @entity2 . The cases with @entity4 -positive @entity5 had a higher recurrence rate than @entity4 -negative ones. @entity3 expression was negligible for all types of lesions. HPV-6/11 was detectable in 10% of @entity7 and 13% of @entity5 , but in neither VH nor @entity2 . @entity9 /18, however, was consistently negative for all types of lesions. Our data suggest that @entity4 , but not @entity3 , may play a role in @entity0 progression of BQ-related OELs, and that VH and @entity2 are distinct and closely related histological lesions. The consistent absence of the malignant-type HPV in all BQ-related lesions suggests that HPV plays an insignificant role in the tumorigenesis of BQ-related @entity0 , although a cooperative role may exist between the benign-type HPV and BQ chewing.

title: Pathological features of betel quid-related @entity10 in taiwan with special emphasis on the @entity0 progression and XXXX association.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Betel quid (BQ) chewing has been a well-documented cause of @entity10 ( @entity10 ). Evolution from early @entity1 to the late or @entity11 stage has been recognized. The pathobiological and molecular mechanism, however, remains to be elucidated. In this study, a total of 232 samples obtained from 153 cases of BQ-related @entity10 were retrospectively evaluated for the expression of @entity4 and @entity3 in comparison with 26 cases of BQ-unrelated lesions (n = 29). The possible role of @entity6 ) was also investigated. These BQ-related OELs included @entity8 (VIH, n = 57, 24.6%), @entity12 (n = 23, 9.9%), @entity2 ( @entity2 , n = 5, 2.1%) and @entity5 ( @entity5 , n = 106, 45.7%). Fifty-four cases (35.3%) had @entity1 . In comparison with the BQ-unrelated OELs, the characteristics of BQ-related OELs were a younger age, male predilection and multicentricity. In contrast to the tongue in BQ-unrelated OELs, the most common site for all types of BQ-related lesions was the buccal mucosa. Immunohistochemical studies of BQ-related lesions showed @entity4 staining in 30% of @entity7 and 38% of @entity5 , but a consistent absence in VH and @entity2 . The cases with @entity4 -positive @entity5 had a higher recurrence rate than @entity4 -negative ones. @entity3 expression was negligible for all types of lesions. HPV-6/11 was detectable in 10% of @entity7 and 13% of @entity5 , but in neither VH nor @entity2 . @entity9 /18, however, was consistently negative for all types of lesions. Our data suggest that @entity4 , but not @entity3 , may play a role in @entity0 progression of BQ-related OELs, and that VH and @entity2 are distinct and closely related histological lesions. The consistent absence of the malignant-type HPV in all BQ-related lesions suggests that HPV plays an insignificant role in the tumorigenesis of BQ-related @entity0 , although a cooperative role may exist between the benign-type HPV and BQ chewing.

title: Pathological features of betel quid-related @entity10 in taiwan with special emphasis on the XXXX progression and @entity6 association.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 macrophage metalloelastase is referred to as matrix metalloproteinase ( @entity4 ), its function in @entity2 is contradictory. The current study was undertaken to investigate the role of @entity4 in @entity3 (SCC). @entity0 AND METHODS: We analyzed the levels of @entity4 mRNA expression in 67 @entity0 with primary esophageal SCC by Northern blot analysis and the tissues were subjected to in situ hybridization analysis for @entity4 . Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the macrophages infiltrated in esophageal SCCs. RESULTS: @entity4 mRNA was detected in 27 of 67 esophageal SCC samples by Northern blot analysis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining revealed that @entity4 mRNA signals are located mainly in @entity2 cells. The frequency of lymph node @entity1 was significantly higher in the @entity4 -positive ( @entity4 (+)) subgroup than @entity4 -negative ( @entity4 (-)) subgroup (p < 0.05); furthermore, invasion was significantly deeper in the MMP- 12(+) subgroup than in the @entity4 (-) subgroup (p < 0.01). @entity4 mRNA was inversely correlated with prognosis (p < 0.05). However, Cox multivariate analysis revealed that upregulation of @entity4 was not related to prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 gene expression was associated with the progression of esophageal SCC; however, it was not an independent prognostic factor.

title: Clinicopathological significance of @entity0 macrophage metalloelastase expression in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 macrophage metalloelastase is referred to as matrix metalloproteinase ( @entity4 ), its function in @entity2 is contradictory. The current study was undertaken to investigate the role of @entity4 in @entity3 (SCC). @entity0 AND METHODS: We analyzed the levels of @entity4 mRNA expression in 67 @entity0 with primary esophageal SCC by Northern blot analysis and the tissues were subjected to in situ hybridization analysis for @entity4 . Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the macrophages infiltrated in esophageal SCCs. RESULTS: @entity4 mRNA was detected in 27 of 67 esophageal SCC samples by Northern blot analysis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining revealed that @entity4 mRNA signals are located mainly in @entity2 cells. The frequency of lymph node @entity1 was significantly higher in the @entity4 -positive ( @entity4 (+)) subgroup than @entity4 -negative ( @entity4 (-)) subgroup (p < 0.05); furthermore, invasion was significantly deeper in the MMP- 12(+) subgroup than in the @entity4 (-) subgroup (p < 0.01). @entity4 mRNA was inversely correlated with prognosis (p < 0.05). However, Cox multivariate analysis revealed that upregulation of @entity4 was not related to prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 gene expression was associated with the progression of esophageal SCC; however, it was not an independent prognostic factor.

title: Clinicopathological significance of XXXX macrophage metalloelastase expression in @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To monitor patterns of @entity2 fecal shedding in naturally infected dairy herds, determine the association between fecal shedding and individual animal production measures, and evaluate potential risk factors for shedding of @entity2 organisms among @entity0 in dairy herds. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SAMPLE POPULATION: 5 Ohio dairy herds. PROCEDURE: For 3 herds, fecal samples were collected from all mature @entity0 and unweaned @entity0 7 times during an 18-month period. For the remaining 2 herds, fecal samples were collected from 50 lactating @entity0 6 times during a 12-month period. Individual animal production records for 3 herds were used to examine associations between individual @entity2 shedding status and 305-day mature-equivalent milk production, somatic cell count, milk fat content, and milk protein content. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test for associations between fecal shedding status and breed, lactation status, lactation number, and duration of lactation. RESULTS: None of the adult animals had clinical signs of @entity2 , but prevalence of @entity2 shedding at individual collection times ranged from 0 to 99% for @entity0 and from 0 to 67% for unweaned @entity0 . Mature @entity0 were more likely to be shedding @entity2 organisms than were unweaned @entity0 . Within herds, lactation status and duration of lactation for individual animals were associated with @entity2 shedding status. @entity2 fecal shedding status was not associated with individual @entity0 production measures. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that @entity1 shedding can persist in dairy herds for up to 18 months with no measurable effects on health or production of individual @entity0 .

title: Persistent XXXX shedding in five dairy herds.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 forms the commonest @entity2 in females in Jaipur region. Two hundred cases of @entity0 were recorded in a single year (1990). This constituted 8.30% of total @entity2 and 19.40% of all female @entity2 . The commonest age group was 45-54 years (37.0%) followed by 35-44 years (24.50%). Only 13.50% were below the age of 35 years. Majority of the @entity1 (97.50%) were married and 76.0% got married below the age of 20 years, 26.50% got married below the age of 15 years. Most (75.0%) has menarche between the age of 13 and 16 years. @entity3 were present in only 17.50% of the cases. More than 6 pregnancies had in 33.50% @entity1 and 50.50% had 3-5 pregnancies. Only 4.50% had no issue. Most of the @entity1 (68.50%) had their first live @entity1 between 18 and 25 years and 13.50% had below 18 years. Majority reported having breastfed their @entity1 for 1-2 years. Only 12.0% and 5.0% @entity1 reported having any problem with breast during lactation and otherwise respectively. A family history of @entity2 was present in 10.0% of the cases. A personal delay of more than two years in seeking medical help was observed in only 6.0% of the cases while 22.50% sought medical advice within a week time. Risk factors which are implicated in the aetiology of @entity0 in the western setting might not necessarily hold true in our country. More epidemiological studies are required to elicit correlation, if any, in the Indian context.

title: Review of XXXX cases in Jaipur region.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The present prospective study of slide positive @entity5 @entity0 revealed a higher (17%) incidence of @entity4 . This is much higher than reported earlier. Serum transaminases were raised by two to three times the normal value. Histologically the most conspicuous finding was reticulo-endothelial cell proliferation in the liver along with mononuclear cell infiltration. Malarial parasites were not found in the biopsy specimens. Mortality was high especially amongst the late presenters. In areas endemic for @entity3 , awareness of this entity is important. In a @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity4 with or without altered sensorium, disproportionate hyperbilirubinaemia but with only mild elevation of liver enzymes could help differentiate these cases from @entity1 . The diagnosis can be confirmed by peripheral blood examination, done if required. As the mortality in late presenters is high, early diagnosis in such cases with institution of specific therapy may be life saving.

title: XXXX in falciparum malaria--some prospective observations.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Endometriosis affects 2-50% of @entity0 at reproductive age. Surgery is an option for treatment, but there is no convincing evidence that it promotes a significant improvement in fertility. Also, the @entity1 might lead to a reduction in the follicular reserve and response to stimulation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of previous ovarian surgery for @entity2 on the ovarian response in assisted reproduction treatment cycles and its pregnancy outcome. A total of 61 @entity0 , with @entity3 and previously having undergone ovarian surgery for @entity2 , who had received 74 IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles, were studied (study group). A further 74 @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent 77 IVF/ICSI cycles within#10; the same period of time, at the same clinic and without previous ovarian surgery or @entity2 were studied as a control group. @entity0 were matched for age and treatment performed. @entity0 </=35 years with previous ovarian surgery had fewer retrieved oocytes than the @entity0 in the control group (P = 0.049). The number of ampoules used for ovulation induction, duration of folliculogenesis; (days), number of follicles and fertilization rate was similar in both groups. The same was observed for pregnancy rates, with 24 @entity0 (53.3%) having had previous ovarian surgery and 27 (56.2%) in the control group becoming pregnant. @entity0 >35 years with previous ovarian surgery needed more ampoules for ovulation induction (P = 0.017) and had fewer follicles and oocytes than @entity0 in the control group (P = 0.001). Duration of folliculogenesis was similar in both groups, as was fertilization rate. A total of 10 @entity0 achieved pregnancy in the study group (34.5%) and 14 (48.3%) in the control group. Although a lower pregnancy rate was observed in @entity0 who had undergone previous ovarian surgery, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.424). In conclusion, ovarian surgery for the treatment of @entity2 reduces the ovarian outcome in IVF/ICSI cycles in @entity0 >35 years old, and might also decrease pregnancy rates. Therefore, for @entity3 @entity0 , non-surgical treatment might be a better option to avoid reduction of the ovarian response.

title: Effects of previous ovarian surgery for XXXX on the outcome of assisted reproduction treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mechanisms of the vasoprotective effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are not completely understood, and they may involve direct actions on blood vessels through modulation of endogenous vasoconstrictors and vasodilators. Most studies have focused on @entity3 action on @entity8 and @entity5 , while insufficient data exist concerning the effect of @entity3 replacement therapy (ERT) on @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity7 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of transdermal @entity3 therapy on @entity1 , @entity7 and active @entity6 in normotensive postmenopausal @entity0 . METHODS: Transdermal @entity3 (Climara) (Schering): 50 microg @entity2 ) was given for 3 months to normotensive @entity0 with a surgically induced menopause, and serum levels of @entity1 , active @entity6 and @entity7 were measured before and after treatment. In addition, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was carried out to determine the @entity3 action on mean diurnal and nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. RESULTS: @entity2 treatment resulted in a significant increase in both @entity1 and @entity7 . There was no significant change in active @entity6 levels. However, out- @entity0 monitoring showed a significant @entity4 (daytime, night-time and total 24-h). The stimulating action of ERT on @entity1 and @entity7 suggests that both factors can elicit @entity3 vasodilatory effects. CONCLUSION: The @entity3 -mediated increase in serum @entity1 and @entity7 concentrations may be a mechanism by which HRT benefits the cardiovascular system.

title: Effect of transdermal XXXX therapy on some vasoactive humoral factors and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in normotensive postmenopausal @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mechanisms of the vasoprotective effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are not completely understood, and they may involve direct actions on blood vessels through modulation of endogenous vasoconstrictors and vasodilators. Most studies have focused on @entity3 action on @entity8 and @entity5 , while insufficient data exist concerning the effect of @entity3 replacement therapy (ERT) on @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity7 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of transdermal @entity3 therapy on @entity1 , @entity7 and active @entity6 in normotensive postmenopausal @entity0 . METHODS: Transdermal @entity3 (Climara) (Schering): 50 microg @entity2 ) was given for 3 months to normotensive @entity0 with a surgically induced menopause, and serum levels of @entity1 , active @entity6 and @entity7 were measured before and after treatment. In addition, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was carried out to determine the @entity3 action on mean diurnal and nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. RESULTS: @entity2 treatment resulted in a significant increase in both @entity1 and @entity7 . There was no significant change in active @entity6 levels. However, out- @entity0 monitoring showed a significant @entity4 (daytime, night-time and total 24-h). The stimulating action of ERT on @entity1 and @entity7 suggests that both factors can elicit @entity3 vasodilatory effects. CONCLUSION: The @entity3 -mediated increase in serum @entity1 and @entity7 concentrations may be a mechanism by which HRT benefits the cardiovascular system.

title: Effect of transdermal @entity3 therapy on some vasoactive humoral factors and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in normotensive postmenopausal XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity2 , impaired conscious retrieval of past events and facts may represent a selective cognitive @entity3 against a background of a generalized @entity1 . We aimed to disentangle the neural subprocesses leading to this deficit applying the 'Remember/Know procedure'. METHOD: Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded as 14 @entity2 @entity0 and 14 controls recognized an equal mixture of previously presented old and new words. For recognized old words, @entity0 were required to judge whether recognition was associated with recollection ('Remember') or familiarity ('Know'), either reflecting episodic or semantic memory. RESULTS: @entity0 showed a lack of 'Remember responses', which led to more opportunities to make 'Know responses'. ERPs for 'Remember' compared to 'New responses' differed consistently in controls over left temporo-parietal and right frontal electrode sites. Although @entity2 @entity0 showed the same topography for this Remember old/new effect, it was apparent over temporoparietal sites for only 800 ms and over right frontal sites for 1100 ms post-stimulus. For controls, the Know old/new effect was elicited over temporo-parietal sites between 500 and 800 ms. For @entity0 , it showed a widespread maximum over frontal sites between 500 and 1100 ms. CONCLUSIONS: The shorter time course of the left temporo-parietal Remember old/new effect suggests that the @entity0 ' episodic @entity3 was possibly mediated by a dysfunction of the mediotemporal regions. The more widespread frontal Know old/new effect in the @entity0 suggests that the prefrontly mediated processes associated with retrieval of semantic memory may be enhanced compensatorily.

title: Remembering or knowing: electrophysiological evidence for an episodic XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity2 , impaired conscious retrieval of past events and facts may represent a selective cognitive @entity3 against a background of a generalized @entity1 . We aimed to disentangle the neural subprocesses leading to this deficit applying the 'Remember/Know procedure'. METHOD: Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded as 14 @entity2 @entity0 and 14 controls recognized an equal mixture of previously presented old and new words. For recognized old words, @entity0 were required to judge whether recognition was associated with recollection ('Remember') or familiarity ('Know'), either reflecting episodic or semantic memory. RESULTS: @entity0 showed a lack of 'Remember responses', which led to more opportunities to make 'Know responses'. ERPs for 'Remember' compared to 'New responses' differed consistently in controls over left temporo-parietal and right frontal electrode sites. Although @entity2 @entity0 showed the same topography for this Remember old/new effect, it was apparent over temporoparietal sites for only 800 ms and over right frontal sites for 1100 ms post-stimulus. For controls, the Know old/new effect was elicited over temporo-parietal sites between 500 and 800 ms. For @entity0 , it showed a widespread maximum over frontal sites between 500 and 1100 ms. CONCLUSIONS: The shorter time course of the left temporo-parietal Remember old/new effect suggests that the @entity0 ' episodic @entity3 was possibly mediated by a dysfunction of the mediotemporal regions. The more widespread frontal Know old/new effect in the @entity0 suggests that the prefrontly mediated processes associated with retrieval of semantic memory may be enhanced compensatorily.

title: Remembering or knowing: electrophysiological evidence for an episodic @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extensive @entity1 in total knee replacement (TKR) surgery is well known and is associated with a high transfusion rate of allogenic blood. @entity2 ( @entity3 ) has been shown to reduce @entity1 by 50% in this @entity0 group, but only in cases with a perioperative loss of 1400-1800 ml. This study was performed to see if @entity3 offers any advantages in knee replacement surgery with @entity1 at 800 ml. METHODS: Thirty consecutive @entity0 scheduled for TKR in spinal anesthesia with the use of a tourniquet, were randomized to @entity3 or non- @entity3 . @entity2 10 mg kg-1 was given at conclusion of surgery and again 3 h later. @entity1 was registered. RESULTS: @entity1 was at all times significantly lower in the @entity3 group compared to the non- @entity3 group (409.7+/-174.9 ml vs. 761.7+/-313.1 ml; P<0.001). There were no differences in coagulation parameters. No @entity0 in the @entity3 group had a blood transfusion vs. 13% in the non- @entity3 group (NS). No complications were registered in the two groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that @entity3 significantly reduces @entity1 after total knee replacement surgery.

title: XXXX given intraoperatively reduces @entity1 after total knee replacement: a randomized, controlled study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extensive @entity1 in total knee replacement (TKR) surgery is well known and is associated with a high transfusion rate of allogenic blood. @entity2 ( @entity3 ) has been shown to reduce @entity1 by 50% in this @entity0 group, but only in cases with a perioperative loss of 1400-1800 ml. This study was performed to see if @entity3 offers any advantages in knee replacement surgery with @entity1 at 800 ml. METHODS: Thirty consecutive @entity0 scheduled for TKR in spinal anesthesia with the use of a tourniquet, were randomized to @entity3 or non- @entity3 . @entity2 10 mg kg-1 was given at conclusion of surgery and again 3 h later. @entity1 was registered. RESULTS: @entity1 was at all times significantly lower in the @entity3 group compared to the non- @entity3 group (409.7+/-174.9 ml vs. 761.7+/-313.1 ml; P<0.001). There were no differences in coagulation parameters. No @entity0 in the @entity3 group had a blood transfusion vs. 13% in the non- @entity3 group (NS). No complications were registered in the two groups. CONCLUSION: We conclude that @entity3 significantly reduces @entity1 after total knee replacement surgery.

title: @entity2 given intraoperatively reduces XXXX after total knee replacement: a randomized, controlled study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The present study was carried out in 12 @entity0 (7 males and 5 females) aged 16-56 years (mean age 35.9) with @entity3 diagnosed in cerebral angiography. The examination was performed by means of ATL ULTRAMARK 9 with low-frequency (2MHz to 3MHz) transducer. Assessment was made of possibilities of imaging @entity3 by transcranial colour-coded duplex sonography and of blood flow values in the studied intracranial arteries. Statistical analysis was applied of the following blood flow parameters: mean velocity, peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), pulsatility transmission index (PTI) and relative flow velocity (RFV). The @entity1 were imaged using TCCS in 9 (75%) @entity0 . In two-dimensional B mode image the @entity2 displayed echogenicity similar to the surrounding brain parenchyma and could not be precisely delineated. The colour-coded imaging made possible depicting the image of the vessel loops in the @entity3 nidus. In two other @entity0 the presence of @entity2 was confirmed by blood flow disturbances in the feeder vessel: increased blood flow, decreased pulsatility and resistance indices, and collateral circulation. Collateralization by the contralateral internal carotid artery via the anterior communicating artery was disclosed in 9 cases. The TCCS results corresponded closely to angiographic findings. Collateral circulation via the posterior communicating artery ipsilateral to the @entity3 was found in 3 of 5 @entity0 in whom it was diagnosed in cerebral angiography. Doppler findings in the @entity0 were similar to the conventional TCD examination. In the feeding vessels significant increase in blood flow velocity and decreased pulsatility and resistance indices was observed. RFV value for the end diastolic velocity was higher than RFV for the peak systolic velocity (p < 0.001) and mean velocity. These findings suggest that the increased end diastolic velocity in the feeding vessel is higher than the mean velocity and peak systolic velocity. It is thought that the TCCS can be successfully used in early diagnosis of @entity4 and as an instrument in follow-up examination.

title: [Evaluation of blood supply dynamics and possibilities of cerebral arteriovenous malformations ( XXXX ) imaging by means of transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCS)].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Interferon has been reported to have differentiation promoting effects in certain model systems. Because of this and other potentially beneficial effects, a trial of recombinant alpha 2 interferon was undertaken in @entity3 . The study population consisted of 14 @entity0 , subclassified as two @entity1 ( @entity1 ), one @entity1 ( @entity1 ), nine @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and two @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The planned dosage schedule was 2.0 MU/M2 t.i.w. sc x 2 weeks q 4 weeks for at least two cycles. No @entity0 achieved the prospective remission criteria, which included sustained blood count improvements. Transient improvements of platelet counts of greater than 50% in baseline were noted in six @entity0 , and a transient antileukemic effect was noted in one @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity3 @entity0 were found to be sensitive to the count suppressing effects of alpha 2 interferon with greater than 25% suppression of granulocytes, platelets, or reticulocytes transiently noted in 11 @entity0 and decreasing bone marrow cellularity noted in two while on treatment. Because of these effects, dosage adjustments were frequently instituted in the @entity1 , @entity1 , and @entity6 @entity0 . The average dosages and durations of treatment received were thus 1.48 MU/M2 x 19.4 injections for @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity1 , and @entity6 and 2.25 MU/M2 x 27 injections for the @entity5 @entity0 . Progression to @entity4 or @entity6 in transformation was noted in five @entity0 , and increasing @entity2 was noted in one @entity5 @entity0 while on protocol. It cannot be determined at this time whether these transformations were accelerated by alpha 2 interferon or represent selection bias in this study population. Although some evidence of beneficial effects was noted, alpha 2 interferon in this dosage and schedule is not a useful treatment for @entity3 .

title: A trial of recombinant alpha 2 interferon in the XXXX : I. Clinical results.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To study the effects of an application of @entity3 varnish (40%) on dental plaque. DESIGN: Randomised controlled clinical trial. SUBJECTS: 40 @entity0 (50% females), aged 25-34 years after undergoing any necessary restorative treatment. Exactly one half of these individuals practiced good oral hygiene, the efforts of the others were poor. METHOD: Test groups received a @entity3 varnish application, the control group received a placebo varnish. Initially and after 2 and 6 weeks, a modified Dentocult SM-test, @entity2 on probing, and a plaque index (Quigley-Hein) were recorded. RESULTS: In contrast to the control group, improvements in plaque index and @entity2 on probing scores were found in @entity0 with poor oral hygiene. The results of the Dentocult SM-tests showed a considerable reduction of @entity4 colonisation. The test group with good oral hygiene showed only slight improvement of the examined indices after @entity3 application. The index parameters of all @entity0 of the placebo groups remained unchanged over the examination time period. CONCLUSION: The application of a @entity3 varnish reduced the quantity of the @entity4 colonies significantly and improved clinical parameters in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Clinical and microbiological effects of local XXXX applications.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is the commonest cause of surgical admission in Papua New Guinea, accounting for around 30% of cases in Port Moresby and over 40% in the highlands. The abdomen is traumatized in about 10-15% of @entity1 cases. In malarial endemic areas the enlarged spleen is particularly prone to rupture although earlier studies showed that this injury can often be managed conservatively. AIM: To determine the pattern and outcome of @entity5 in the two largest cities, Port Moresby and Lae, in the 1990s. METHODS: A retrospective study of 213 adult admissions for @entity4 in Port Moresby and a prospective study of 98 adult @entity4 @entity0 in Lae. In both centres @entity3 is endemic. Statistical analysis where appropriate was made using the chi2 test. RESULTS: @entity4 was more likely to affect @entity0 outside the home and @entity0 in the home. Assault was responsible for 72% of cases of @entity4 . @entity0 were assaulted by their husbands in two-thirds of cases. The spleen was the most likely organ to be injured, particularly in @entity1 . Road traffic accidents caused only 10% of admissions with @entity4 . Most @entity0 were admitted with a single injury. @entity1 was managed nonoperatively in over 60% of cases. The negative laparotomy rate was 7% in Port Moresby and 20% in Lae, but negative laparotomy did not cause any @entity2 or extra morbidity. 17 @entity0 (5.5%) died, the highest case fatality rate being 29% in a group of 31 @entity0 with an injury severity score of 25 or greater. CONCLUSION: The pattern of @entity4 reflects the culture of Papua New Guinea and the different spectrum of risks to @entity0 and @entity0 . Once @entity0 reach hospital they tend to do reasonably well although there is room for improvement, particularly with early assessment of the extent of the injury. The enlarged spleen is prone to injury and in those cases requiring laparotomy it is difficult to conserve. Many cases of ruptured spleen can be treated nonoperatively.

title: XXXX in urban Papua New Guinea.

answer: @entity4


abstract: THE AIMS OF OUR STUDY WERE: (1) to establish the normal limit of the heart rate variability (HRV) indices in a healthy population and in its four age-related subgroups, including a new HRV index, @entity2 ; and (2) to analyse the frequency and predictive @entity6 in a population of post- @entity4 @entity0 in respect to the cut-points chosen (raw or age-adjusted). METHODS: Normal population of 296 healthy subjects (81 f, 215 m, aged 47+/-10 years) and post- @entity4 population of 298 @entity0 (>3 months after acute MI, 65 f, 233 m, aged 56+/-10) were examined. The normal population was divided into 4 subsets based on age at entry: <35, 35-44, 45-54 and >54 years. Based on a 24 h ECG the standard HRV analysis was performed to obtain the following indices: mean RR interval, SDNN and SDANN. A new index of HRV, @entity2 ( @entity2 , %) was calculated based on a numerical processing of the RR intervals return map. All @entity0 were followed for 24 months. The endpoints of the study were @entity1 (of any reason) and @entity1 . RESULTS: Means and normal limits for SDNN, SDANN and @entity2 were: 147+/-36 ms [95% CI 89-220], 136+/-36 ms [79-212] and 53+/-9% [35-68]. The HRV values below the lower normal limit (LNL) were observed in 20-25% of post-MI @entity0 . During a 2 year follow-up there were 36 deaths (total mortality 12.1%), while cardiac mortality was 9.1% (27 cases). The prognostic value of the analysed indices was similar (sens approximately 53-61%, spec approximately 79-84%, @entity5 22-26%, NPV 93-94%) irrespective of the cut-points chosen (calculated either for the entire population or age-related). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that a decrease of any index below the LNL was associated with a approximately 2.5 and approximately 4-6 times greater risk for @entity1 and @entity1 , irrespective of the cut-points chosen. CONCLUSIONS: The age-dependence of the HRV indices does not seem to significantly influence their prognostic value. Thus, a single cut-point of a particular HRV index, based on the entire population, is sufficient to be treated as a risk predictor. In the late phase of @entity3 the value of any global HRV index lying below the lower normal limit indicates independently an increased risk of @entity1 , especially @entity1 . The new index ( @entity2 ) seems to be a promising substitute for currently used standard indices.

title: Age-adjustment of HRV measures and its prognostic value for risk assessment in @entity0 late after XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: THE AIMS OF OUR STUDY WERE: (1) to establish the normal limit of the heart rate variability (HRV) indices in a healthy population and in its four age-related subgroups, including a new HRV index, @entity2 ; and (2) to analyse the frequency and predictive @entity6 in a population of post- @entity4 @entity0 in respect to the cut-points chosen (raw or age-adjusted). METHODS: Normal population of 296 healthy subjects (81 f, 215 m, aged 47+/-10 years) and post- @entity4 population of 298 @entity0 (>3 months after acute MI, 65 f, 233 m, aged 56+/-10) were examined. The normal population was divided into 4 subsets based on age at entry: <35, 35-44, 45-54 and >54 years. Based on a 24 h ECG the standard HRV analysis was performed to obtain the following indices: mean RR interval, SDNN and SDANN. A new index of HRV, @entity2 ( @entity2 , %) was calculated based on a numerical processing of the RR intervals return map. All @entity0 were followed for 24 months. The endpoints of the study were @entity1 (of any reason) and @entity1 . RESULTS: Means and normal limits for SDNN, SDANN and @entity2 were: 147+/-36 ms [95% CI 89-220], 136+/-36 ms [79-212] and 53+/-9% [35-68]. The HRV values below the lower normal limit (LNL) were observed in 20-25% of post-MI @entity0 . During a 2 year follow-up there were 36 deaths (total mortality 12.1%), while cardiac mortality was 9.1% (27 cases). The prognostic value of the analysed indices was similar (sens approximately 53-61%, spec approximately 79-84%, @entity5 22-26%, NPV 93-94%) irrespective of the cut-points chosen (calculated either for the entire population or age-related). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that a decrease of any index below the LNL was associated with a approximately 2.5 and approximately 4-6 times greater risk for @entity1 and @entity1 , irrespective of the cut-points chosen. CONCLUSIONS: The age-dependence of the HRV indices does not seem to significantly influence their prognostic value. Thus, a single cut-point of a particular HRV index, based on the entire population, is sufficient to be treated as a risk predictor. In the late phase of @entity3 the value of any global HRV index lying below the lower normal limit indicates independently an increased risk of @entity1 , especially @entity1 . The new index ( @entity2 ) seems to be a promising substitute for currently used standard indices.

title: Age-adjustment of HRV measures and its prognostic value for risk assessment in XXXX late after @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the activity and safety of the combination of @entity5 and pegylated liposomal @entity4 (Caelyx) in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a multicenter phase II study. Thirty-five newly diagnosed @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 were included in the study. Histological or cytological diagnosis was necessary for inclusion. Median age was 54 years (range 26-73 years). Fifteen @entity1 were premenopausal and 20 postmenopausal. @entity5 was administered at a dose of 175 mg/m(2) and pegylated liposomal @entity4 35 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks for six cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 (71%) responded. Six (17%) had a complete response, 19 (54%) had a partial response, four remained stable, two progressed and four were not evaluated for response due to discontinuation of chemotherapy. Three @entity1 had a pathologically complete response. A total of 173 cycles were administered. The primary @entity2 observed was @entity2 . Grade 3 @entity2 was noted in four @entity1 (11%). @entity9 ( @entity9 ) grade 3 was experienced by three (9%). Two @entity1 presented with @entity9 and @entity2 . Hematological @entity2 included grade 3 @entity7 in four @entity1 (3%). Other grade 3 @entity2 were uncommon and included only alopecia in 29 @entity1 (83%). Grade 3 or 4 @entity8 was not observed in any @entity1 . Dose reduction was necessary in seven @entity1 ; in six due to @entity2 and in one due to @entity6 . Four @entity1 discontinued treatment due to @entity2 . There were no treatment-related @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of pegylated liposomal @entity4 and @entity5 was active in locally advanced @entity0 . The primary @entity2 was cutaneous @entity2 and it was manageable.

title: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a combination of pegylated liposomal XXXX (Caelyx) and @entity5 in locally advanced @entity0 : a phase II study by the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the activity and safety of the combination of @entity5 and pegylated liposomal @entity4 (Caelyx) in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a multicenter phase II study. Thirty-five newly diagnosed @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 were included in the study. Histological or cytological diagnosis was necessary for inclusion. Median age was 54 years (range 26-73 years). Fifteen @entity1 were premenopausal and 20 postmenopausal. @entity5 was administered at a dose of 175 mg/m(2) and pegylated liposomal @entity4 35 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks for six cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 (71%) responded. Six (17%) had a complete response, 19 (54%) had a partial response, four remained stable, two progressed and four were not evaluated for response due to discontinuation of chemotherapy. Three @entity1 had a pathologically complete response. A total of 173 cycles were administered. The primary @entity2 observed was @entity2 . Grade 3 @entity2 was noted in four @entity1 (11%). @entity9 ( @entity9 ) grade 3 was experienced by three (9%). Two @entity1 presented with @entity9 and @entity2 . Hematological @entity2 included grade 3 @entity7 in four @entity1 (3%). Other grade 3 @entity2 were uncommon and included only alopecia in 29 @entity1 (83%). Grade 3 or 4 @entity8 was not observed in any @entity1 . Dose reduction was necessary in seven @entity1 ; in six due to @entity2 and in one due to @entity6 . Four @entity1 discontinued treatment due to @entity2 . There were no treatment-related @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of pegylated liposomal @entity4 and @entity5 was active in locally advanced @entity0 . The primary @entity2 was cutaneous @entity2 and it was manageable.

title: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a combination of pegylated liposomal @entity4 (Caelyx) and @entity5 in locally advanced XXXX : a phase II study by the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group.

answer: @entity0