abstract: PURPOSE: @entity8 usually presents late in the clinical course and has a poor prognosis. No effective systemic therapy is currently available. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and @entity1 of the ECF regimen ( @entity6 , @entity5 . and 24-h continuous infusion of @entity9 ) in advanced @entity8 . @entity0 AND METHOD: On day 1, @entity6 50 mg/m(2) and @entity5 60 mg/m(2) were administered i.v., repeated every 21 days. @entity9 (200 mg/m(2)/day was given continuous i.v. via an ambulatory infusion pump throughout the treatment course. A total of 24 @entity0 (15 @entity0 and nine @entity0 ) with advanced @entity8 between August 1996 and April 2002 were enrolled in this study. RESULTS: Of the 20 evaluable @entity0 , two had partial response (10%) and nine had stable disease (45%), including two minor response. Grade 3/4 @entity7 was observed in six @entity0 , while grade 3/4 @entity4 was seen in five @entity0 . There was no @entity2 or @entity3 during any of the cycles of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: ECF regimen is well-tolerated but is not an effective treatment for advanced @entity8 . Newer clinical trials with combination drugs should be developed.

title: @entity6 , @entity5 , and protracted infusion of XXXX (ECF) in advanced @entity8 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity8 usually presents late in the clinical course and has a poor prognosis. No effective systemic therapy is currently available. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and @entity1 of the ECF regimen ( @entity6 , @entity5 . and 24-h continuous infusion of @entity9 ) in advanced @entity8 . @entity0 AND METHOD: On day 1, @entity6 50 mg/m(2) and @entity5 60 mg/m(2) were administered i.v., repeated every 21 days. @entity9 (200 mg/m(2)/day was given continuous i.v. via an ambulatory infusion pump throughout the treatment course. A total of 24 @entity0 (15 @entity0 and nine @entity0 ) with advanced @entity8 between August 1996 and April 2002 were enrolled in this study. RESULTS: Of the 20 evaluable @entity0 , two had partial response (10%) and nine had stable disease (45%), including two minor response. Grade 3/4 @entity7 was observed in six @entity0 , while grade 3/4 @entity4 was seen in five @entity0 . There was no @entity2 or @entity3 during any of the cycles of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: ECF regimen is well-tolerated but is not an effective treatment for advanced @entity8 . Newer clinical trials with combination drugs should be developed.

title: @entity6 , XXXX , and protracted infusion of @entity9 (ECF) in advanced @entity8 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: In @entity0 , cardiac morphological adaptations to athletic training have been exhaustively described, while the existence of morphologic (adaptive) changes in the peripheral vessels are less well known. Therefore, the scope of the present study was 1) to assess the existence of morphologic changes in the peripheral vessels, such as the common femoral artery ( @entity2 ), in @entity1 engaged in different types of sports; and 2) to assess the relationship existing between the cardiac and @entity2 changes in highly endurance- ( N = 16) and strength-trained @entity1 ( N = 15), and in sedentary controls ( N = 20). METHODS: The cross-sectional diameters of the left ventricular (LV) posterior wall and cavity and @entity2 diameter and intima-media thickness were determined by M-mode echocardiography and ultrasound, respectively. RESULTS: @entity2 intima-media thickness in the endurance-trained (0.33 +/- 0.03 mm.m(-2) ) was similar to the strength-trained @entity1 (0.34 +/- 0.05 mm.m(-2) ) and both greater (P < 0.01) compared with the controls (0.27 +/- 0.03 mm.m(-2) ). @entity2 diameter in endurance-trained @entity1 (5.6 +/- 0.6 mm.m(-2) ) was highest among groups (strength-trained @entity1 4.2 +/- 0.4 mm.m(-2), controls 4.2 +/- 0.5 mm.m(-2) ). Thus, the relative @entity2 wall thickness (2.intima-media thickness/ @entity2 diameter) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the strength-trained (0.16 +/- 0.02) than in the endurance-trained @entity1 (0.13 +/- 0.02) and the controls (0.13 +/- 0.02), respectively. The relative LV posterior wall thickness (2.LV posterior wall thickness/LV diameter) was not significantly different among the groups. LV posterior wall thickness was significantly related to @entity2 intima-media thickness (r = 0.31, P < 0.05) and LV diameter to @entity2 diameter (r = 0.55, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The study shows a physiological relationship between the LV and @entity2 wall and cavity dimensions in endurance-trained @entity1 and controls, respectively. The greater relative wall thickness of the strength-trained @entity1 may be related to different influencing factors, e.g., increased blood pressure.

title: The relationship of left ventricular to femoral artery structure in male XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion by means of a balloon occlusion technique was evaluated in @entity0 with recurrent @entity3 of the lower limbs who were non-responders to isolated hyperthermic limb perfusion or who were not eligible for this procedure. A pilot study was performed in 17 @entity0 , who underwent @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion with 50 mg/m(2) of @entity7 or 50 mg/m(2) of melphalan and 25 mg/m(2) of @entity6 . Each procedure was followed by haemofiltration. A leakage monitoring study was performed in five of the 17 @entity0 . The response rate and time to disease progression were the primary endpoints, with overall survival as the secondary endpoint. During the procedures there were no technical, @entity4 , and no @entity2 occurred during surgery or in the postoperative period. Significant leakage (median 40%) was measured in the five @entity0 studied. No severe @entity1 was observed. After one course of treatment, the objective response rate was 47% (95% confidence interval 22.5-71.5%), the median time to disease progression was 10 months (range 2-40 months), and the 3 year overall survival was 20%. @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion seems to be a safe and effective treatment for @entity0 with unresectable recurrent limb @entity3 who are not eligible for isolated hyperthermic limb perfusion. Due to the non-homogeneity of the study, with some @entity0 receiving a combination of melphalan and @entity6 and others receiving only melphalan, it is not possible to make definite conclusions with regard to efficacy. Further studies are necessary to establish whether the response rates can be improved by using different drug regimens.

title: XXXX pelvic and limb perfusion with melphalan and @entity6 for recurrent limb @entity3 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion by means of a balloon occlusion technique was evaluated in @entity0 with recurrent @entity3 of the lower limbs who were non-responders to isolated hyperthermic limb perfusion or who were not eligible for this procedure. A pilot study was performed in 17 @entity0 , who underwent @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion with 50 mg/m(2) of @entity7 or 50 mg/m(2) of melphalan and 25 mg/m(2) of @entity6 . Each procedure was followed by haemofiltration. A leakage monitoring study was performed in five of the 17 @entity0 . The response rate and time to disease progression were the primary endpoints, with overall survival as the secondary endpoint. During the procedures there were no technical, @entity4 , and no @entity2 occurred during surgery or in the postoperative period. Significant leakage (median 40%) was measured in the five @entity0 studied. No severe @entity1 was observed. After one course of treatment, the objective response rate was 47% (95% confidence interval 22.5-71.5%), the median time to disease progression was 10 months (range 2-40 months), and the 3 year overall survival was 20%. @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion seems to be a safe and effective treatment for @entity0 with unresectable recurrent limb @entity3 who are not eligible for isolated hyperthermic limb perfusion. Due to the non-homogeneity of the study, with some @entity0 receiving a combination of melphalan and @entity6 and others receiving only melphalan, it is not possible to make definite conclusions with regard to efficacy. Further studies are necessary to establish whether the response rates can be improved by using different drug regimens.

title: @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion with melphalan and XXXX for recurrent limb @entity3 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion by means of a balloon occlusion technique was evaluated in @entity0 with recurrent @entity3 of the lower limbs who were non-responders to isolated hyperthermic limb perfusion or who were not eligible for this procedure. A pilot study was performed in 17 @entity0 , who underwent @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion with 50 mg/m(2) of @entity7 or 50 mg/m(2) of melphalan and 25 mg/m(2) of @entity6 . Each procedure was followed by haemofiltration. A leakage monitoring study was performed in five of the 17 @entity0 . The response rate and time to disease progression were the primary endpoints, with overall survival as the secondary endpoint. During the procedures there were no technical, @entity4 , and no @entity2 occurred during surgery or in the postoperative period. Significant leakage (median 40%) was measured in the five @entity0 studied. No severe @entity1 was observed. After one course of treatment, the objective response rate was 47% (95% confidence interval 22.5-71.5%), the median time to disease progression was 10 months (range 2-40 months), and the 3 year overall survival was 20%. @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion seems to be a safe and effective treatment for @entity0 with unresectable recurrent limb @entity3 who are not eligible for isolated hyperthermic limb perfusion. Due to the non-homogeneity of the study, with some @entity0 receiving a combination of melphalan and @entity6 and others receiving only melphalan, it is not possible to make definite conclusions with regard to efficacy. Further studies are necessary to establish whether the response rates can be improved by using different drug regimens.

title: @entity5 pelvic and limb perfusion with melphalan and @entity6 for recurrent limb XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and @entity3 of @entity6 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) after cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal involvement of gynecological @entity1 , mainly @entity2 . Eighteen @entity0 , with a mean age of 64 years (range 51-80), underwent cytoreductive surgery and subsequent @entity5 with 75 mg/m2 @entity6 at 41-43 degrees C. One @entity0 was treated twice. In eight cases, peritoneal fluid and blood samples were obtained for pharmacokinetic analysis. @entity4 occurred in two heavily pretreated elderly @entity0 with a high volume i.p. @entity1 recurrence, probably reflecting poor @entity0 selection (mortality rate 10.5%). Other complications, mainly minor, were recorded after 63% of the procedures. Hematological @entity6 -induced @entity3 was limited, while the incidence of wound complications was relatively high and probably caused by the direct exposure of the wound to @entity6 during @entity5 . The maximal i.p. versus plasma concentration ratio ranged from 17 to 95 (average 45), while the i.p. versus systemic exposure ratio varied between 105 and 555 (average 207). We conclude that the use of @entity6 in @entity5 following cytoreductive surgery seems feasible and results in a high i.p. versus systemic exposure ratio. The AUC for the peritoneal cavity is on average 13-27 times higher after i.p. administration of 75 mg/m2 during @entity5 than the AUC achieved in the systemic compartment after i.v. administration of the recommended dose of 100 mg/m2, while @entity6 -induced systemic @entity3 is highly limited.

title: Pharmacokinetic study of @entity6 in intraoperative hyperthermic i.p. chemotherapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and @entity3 of @entity6 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) after cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal involvement of gynecological @entity1 , mainly @entity2 . Eighteen @entity0 , with a mean age of 64 years (range 51-80), underwent cytoreductive surgery and subsequent @entity5 with 75 mg/m2 @entity6 at 41-43 degrees C. One @entity0 was treated twice. In eight cases, peritoneal fluid and blood samples were obtained for pharmacokinetic analysis. @entity4 occurred in two heavily pretreated elderly @entity0 with a high volume i.p. @entity1 recurrence, probably reflecting poor @entity0 selection (mortality rate 10.5%). Other complications, mainly minor, were recorded after 63% of the procedures. Hematological @entity6 -induced @entity3 was limited, while the incidence of wound complications was relatively high and probably caused by the direct exposure of the wound to @entity6 during @entity5 . The maximal i.p. versus plasma concentration ratio ranged from 17 to 95 (average 45), while the i.p. versus systemic exposure ratio varied between 105 and 555 (average 207). We conclude that the use of @entity6 in @entity5 following cytoreductive surgery seems feasible and results in a high i.p. versus systemic exposure ratio. The AUC for the peritoneal cavity is on average 13-27 times higher after i.p. administration of 75 mg/m2 during @entity5 than the AUC achieved in the systemic compartment after i.v. administration of the recommended dose of 100 mg/m2, while @entity6 -induced systemic @entity3 is highly limited.

title: Pharmacokinetic study of XXXX in intraoperative hyperthermic i.p. chemotherapy for @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: The @entity2 of an @entity1 is among the most frequent causes of @entity5 in @entity0 , and especially in young @entity0 . An ultrasound (US) examination performed in emergency allows the easy detection of fluids leaking into the abdomen. It may however be difficult to establish whether this fluid is blood and identify the cyst or the signs of a @entity2 . The aim of the present study was the assessment of CT diagnostic capabilities in cases of @entity5 following @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT abdominal studies performed in emergency in 15 @entity0 with surgical findings of @entity1 and consequent @entity5 were retro-spectively reviewed. An ultrasound examination carried out in 12 @entity0 was positive in all cases for abdominal effusion, without however confirming the presence of an @entity1 or without definitely defining the @entity2 . Spiral CT examinations were performed with a preliminary unenhanced study of the abdomen (10-mm thickness image acquisitions, 10-mm intervals) and with scans obtained after injection of 150 cc of contrast medium (c.m.) at the speed of 2 cc/sec, 60-sec delay; late-phase acquisition scans of the pelvic cavity were obtained in eight of the 15 @entity0 . RESULTS: CT imaging allowed the depiction of the effusion in all cases. This was limited to the pelvic cavity in five cases and extended to the upper abdomen in the remaining ten @entity0 ; in seven of these ten cases, a difference in the density between the upper abdomen and the pelvic cavity was detected. An @entity1 was visualized in 11 @entity0 ; in eight of them, an irregular opacification of the walls was recorded, suggesting the diagnosis of @entity2 . In the remaining four cases, a c.m. extravasation was observed, starting from the adnexal region, intracystic in one of them. In all these @entity0 , a hyperdense collection in the pelvic cavity was documented in late-phase acquisitions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: CT imaging in cases of @entity3 due to @entity1 permits the acquisition of useful diagnostic information: a different effusion density in the pelvic cavity and in the upper abdomen, the direct visualization of the @entity4 (even when involved in a large effusion), the irregularity of opacified cystic walls (a sign of @entity2 ), and finally, the direct extravasion and collection of the c.m. in the pelvic cavity. These is fundamental information in those cases in whom US findings are negative or doubtful.

title: XXXX following @entity1 : CT usefulness in the diagnosis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The @entity2 of an @entity1 is among the most frequent causes of @entity5 in @entity0 , and especially in young @entity0 . An ultrasound (US) examination performed in emergency allows the easy detection of fluids leaking into the abdomen. It may however be difficult to establish whether this fluid is blood and identify the cyst or the signs of a @entity2 . The aim of the present study was the assessment of CT diagnostic capabilities in cases of @entity5 following @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT abdominal studies performed in emergency in 15 @entity0 with surgical findings of @entity1 and consequent @entity5 were retro-spectively reviewed. An ultrasound examination carried out in 12 @entity0 was positive in all cases for abdominal effusion, without however confirming the presence of an @entity1 or without definitely defining the @entity2 . Spiral CT examinations were performed with a preliminary unenhanced study of the abdomen (10-mm thickness image acquisitions, 10-mm intervals) and with scans obtained after injection of 150 cc of contrast medium (c.m.) at the speed of 2 cc/sec, 60-sec delay; late-phase acquisition scans of the pelvic cavity were obtained in eight of the 15 @entity0 . RESULTS: CT imaging allowed the depiction of the effusion in all cases. This was limited to the pelvic cavity in five cases and extended to the upper abdomen in the remaining ten @entity0 ; in seven of these ten cases, a difference in the density between the upper abdomen and the pelvic cavity was detected. An @entity1 was visualized in 11 @entity0 ; in eight of them, an irregular opacification of the walls was recorded, suggesting the diagnosis of @entity2 . In the remaining four cases, a c.m. extravasation was observed, starting from the adnexal region, intracystic in one of them. In all these @entity0 , a hyperdense collection in the pelvic cavity was documented in late-phase acquisitions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: CT imaging in cases of @entity3 due to @entity1 permits the acquisition of useful diagnostic information: a different effusion density in the pelvic cavity and in the upper abdomen, the direct visualization of the @entity4 (even when involved in a large effusion), the irregularity of opacified cystic walls (a sign of @entity2 ), and finally, the direct extravasion and collection of the c.m. in the pelvic cavity. These is fundamental information in those cases in whom US findings are negative or doubtful.

title: @entity5 following XXXX : CT usefulness in the diagnosis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: It has been postulated that paternal gonadal exposure would increase the sex ratio by inducing X-chromosomal dominant lethals but that maternal gonadal exposure would decrease the sex ratio by inducing @entity2 . We therefore evaluated the sex ratio (male-to-female ratio) of @entity0 born to survivors of childhood @entity1 in Denmark. @entity0 with @entity1 were identified from the Danish Cancer Registry from 1943 to 1996 and their offspring from the Central Population Registry. Radiation treatments were determined from records within the Cancer Registry and gonadal radiation exposures were estimated based on the @entity1 being treated and the likely proximity of the radiation fields to the gonads. Overall, 1100 survivors of childhood @entity1 became the parents of 2130 @entity0 . The sex ratio for male (0.99) and female (1.00) @entity1 survivors was similar and did not differ significantly from the Danish population (1.06). Radiotherapy did not influence the sex ratio of the @entity0 of either male or female survivors, and there was no evidence for dose-related changes over categories of estimated dose to parental gonads. We saw no consistent association between the sex ratio and the interval between @entity1 diagnosis of the parent and birth of the @entity0 . This nationwide study provides no support for the hypothesis that radiation exposure to the gonads results in an inherited genetic effect that would be manifested by a change in the sex ratio of @entity0 born after exposure. It may be, however, that sex ratio alterations are not a good or even a valid indicator of possible genetic effects in @entity0 .

title: Sex ratio among offspring of childhood XXXX survivors treated with radiotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Knowledge of the function of the cell cycle checkpoints in @entity1 cells may be important to develop treatment strategies for @entity0 @entity1 . The protein @entity2 is an important factor that regulates cell cycle progression and apoptosis in response to drugs. In @entity0 @entity5 , @entity2 is generally not mutated, but may be inactivated by SV40 early region T antigen (SV40 Tag). However, the function of @entity2 has not been investigated in @entity4 cells. Here, we investigated the function of the cell cycle checkpoints in six @entity0 @entity4 cell lines (HMCLs) by studying the cell distribution in the different phases of the cell cycle by flow cytometry, and expression of cell cycle proteins, @entity2 , @entity3 ( @entity3 / @entity3 ) and @entity6 ( @entity7 ). In addition, we studied @entity2 gene mutations and expression of SV40 Tag. After exposure to gamma-radiation, HMCLs were arrested either in one or both phases of the cell cycle, demonstrating a heterogeneity in cell cycle control. G1 arrest was @entity3 ( @entity3 / @entity3 )- and @entity2 -dependent. Lack of arrest in G1 was not related to @entity2 mutation or binding to SV40 Tag, except in one HMCL presenting a missense mutation at codon 248. These results may help us to understand @entity4 and develop new treatments.

title: Cell cycle checkpoint status in @entity0 XXXX cell lines: response to gamma radiation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Knowledge of the function of the cell cycle checkpoints in @entity1 cells may be important to develop treatment strategies for @entity0 @entity1 . The protein @entity2 is an important factor that regulates cell cycle progression and apoptosis in response to drugs. In @entity0 @entity5 , @entity2 is generally not mutated, but may be inactivated by SV40 early region T antigen (SV40 Tag). However, the function of @entity2 has not been investigated in @entity4 cells. Here, we investigated the function of the cell cycle checkpoints in six @entity0 @entity4 cell lines (HMCLs) by studying the cell distribution in the different phases of the cell cycle by flow cytometry, and expression of cell cycle proteins, @entity2 , @entity3 ( @entity3 / @entity3 ) and @entity6 ( @entity7 ). In addition, we studied @entity2 gene mutations and expression of SV40 Tag. After exposure to gamma-radiation, HMCLs were arrested either in one or both phases of the cell cycle, demonstrating a heterogeneity in cell cycle control. G1 arrest was @entity3 ( @entity3 / @entity3 )- and @entity2 -dependent. Lack of arrest in G1 was not related to @entity2 mutation or binding to SV40 Tag, except in one HMCL presenting a missense mutation at codon 248. These results may help us to understand @entity4 and develop new treatments.

title: Cell cycle checkpoint status in XXXX @entity5 cell lines: response to gamma radiation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The degranulatory activity of @entity1 was tested on blood eosinophil leukocytes in vivo and in vitro. Treatment of adult ovariectomized @entity0 with 30 micrograms @entity1 /100 g body wt. increased the percentage of degranulated eosinophils from 10% to about 70% at 6 or 24 h after treatment, and increased the rate of in vitro eosinophil degranulation of those eosinophils that were non-degranulated at the time of blood sample collection. The addition of @entity1 to blood samples from untreated ovariectomized @entity0 (0.05 micrograms/ml) increased the percentage of eosinophils degranulated in vitro at 1 h of incubation from 20% to near 60%. It is suggested that @entity3 acts directly on the eosinophils, probably via specific hormone receptors. Considering the hypothesis that eosinophils are involved in the mediation of a group of responses to @entity3 in the uterus, it is proposed that the hormone-induced degranulation of these cells may have physiological implications in the regulation of the intensity and duration of the eosinophil-mediated responses. In addition, @entity3 -induced eosinophil degranulation may interfere with the action of eosinophils that have migrated to other target organs (lymphoid organs, etc.) under the action of other agents (glucocorticoid hormones, @entity2 , etc.) or conditions (immune reactions, etc.).

title: Degranulatory action of XXXX on blood eosinophil leukocytes in vivo and in vitro.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether luteal E(2) administration reduces size discrepancies of early antral follicles. DESIGN: Prospective, crossover study. SETTING: ART unit, Clamart, France. @entity0 (S): Sixty @entity0 and 120 cycles. INTERVENTION(S): On cycle day 3 (baseline day 3), all @entity0 underwent measurements of early antral follicles by ultrasound and serum FSH and ovarian hormones. From day 20 until the next cycle day 2, 30 of them received oral 17beta-E(2), whereas the remaining @entity0 served as controls. The day after E(2) discontinuation (E(2) day 3) or on subsequent cycle day 3 (control day 3), @entity0 were reevaluated as on baseline day 3. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Magnitude of follicular size discrepancies. RESULT(S): Follicular size discrepancies and follicular diameters were significantly attenuated on E(2) day 3 (3.7 +/- 0.5 mm) as compared with baseline day 3 (4.9 +/- 1.0 mm), but not in controls (5.0 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.9 +/- 0.8 mm). FSH (4.3 +/- 1.9 vs. 7.3 +/- 3.3 mIU/mL) and inhibin B (34 +/- 28 vs. 71 +/- 32 pg/mL) levels were consistently lower on E(2) day 3 than on baseline day 3 but remained unchanged in controls. CONCLUSION(S): Luteal E(2) administration reduces the size and improves the homogeneity of early antral follicles on day 3. This approach may be instrumental in synchronizing follicular development during controlled @entity1 .

title: Coordination of early antral follicles by luteal estradiol administration provides a basis for alternative controlled XXXX regimens.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 is a frequent but often unrecognized and under treated complication of @entity2 that has scarcely been investigated in animal models particularly regarding treatment issues. Using the Forced Swim Test (FST) and testing spontaneous motor activity, we studied whether a transient focal @entity7 modifies @entity0 behaviours and antidepressant drug effects. We first evaluated whether FST realized 2 days or 1 week after brain reperfusion may be routinely used in male Swiss @entity0 previously submitted to a 15, 30 or 60-min transient occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. We then evaluated behavioural changes up to 5 weeks in @entity0 previously submitted to a 15-min @entity1 . Behaviours according to the administration of @entity6 or @entity8 at 1 and 5 weeks after a 15-min @entity1 were finally evaluated. Transient @entity1 was associated with a decrease in immobility in the FST performed 2 days after reperfusion while no changes were observed in 1 and 5 weeks post- @entity1 groups. Changes were related neither to @entity7 duration nor to @entity5 volume. At both 1 and 5 weeks after @entity7 , a dramatic decrease in the antidepressant response to @entity6 related to a decrease in climbing behaviour was observed while the effects of @entity8 were improved through an increase in both climbing and swimming. Behaviours in the FST were unrelated to any spontaneous motor activity changes. Responses to anti-depressant drugs are strongly modified in @entity0 previously submitted to @entity7 . Present results underline that not all antidepressant drugs are appropriate after @entity4 .

title: XXXX changes the long term response to antidepressant drugs in @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity3 is a frequent but often unrecognized and under treated complication of @entity2 that has scarcely been investigated in animal models particularly regarding treatment issues. Using the Forced Swim Test (FST) and testing spontaneous motor activity, we studied whether a transient focal @entity7 modifies @entity0 behaviours and antidepressant drug effects. We first evaluated whether FST realized 2 days or 1 week after brain reperfusion may be routinely used in male Swiss @entity0 previously submitted to a 15, 30 or 60-min transient occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. We then evaluated behavioural changes up to 5 weeks in @entity0 previously submitted to a 15-min @entity1 . Behaviours according to the administration of @entity6 or @entity8 at 1 and 5 weeks after a 15-min @entity1 were finally evaluated. Transient @entity1 was associated with a decrease in immobility in the FST performed 2 days after reperfusion while no changes were observed in 1 and 5 weeks post- @entity1 groups. Changes were related neither to @entity7 duration nor to @entity5 volume. At both 1 and 5 weeks after @entity7 , a dramatic decrease in the antidepressant response to @entity6 related to a decrease in climbing behaviour was observed while the effects of @entity8 were improved through an increase in both climbing and swimming. Behaviours in the FST were unrelated to any spontaneous motor activity changes. Responses to anti-depressant drugs are strongly modified in @entity0 previously submitted to @entity7 . Present results underline that not all antidepressant drugs are appropriate after @entity4 .

title: @entity7 changes the long term response to antidepressant drugs in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The overwintering potential of the @entity2 , @entity2 (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in cold winter areas within its northern distribution is a key element in understanding its ecology. Recent studies have suggested that although originating in tropical Africa, the @entity0 has become adapted to the cold weather that prevails within its northernmost areas of distribution. We address the question of whether the @entity2 has expanded its overwintering range to include the mountains of central Israel. Doing so would imply that the @entity0 has developed either a behavioral or a physiological mechanism to cope with low temperature and/or damp conditions in combination with cold. We monitored adult populations year round, sampling fruit, calculating expected emergence days for overwintering flies, and studying adults captured within dense and sparse apple orchards. We also performed several manipulative experiments to study preimago ability to survive the winter under natural or seminatural conditions. The study was conducted in the central mountains of Israel at 700-m altitude from 1994 to 2003. Comparison experiments also were conducted at 400 m and at sea level. Our results show 1) no adults captured during the winter and spring, 2) an absence of new @entity1 during the winter and spring, and 3) inability of preimago stages to overwinter in the central mountains of Israel. Thus, we conclude that the @entity0 does not overwinter in the central mountains of Israel. We discuss the ecological and applied significance of our findings.

title: Inability of XXXX (Diptera: Tephritidae) to overwinter in the Judean hills.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: We performed a phase II study of oral @entity4 , a histone and protein deacetylase inhibitor, to examine its efficacy and tolerability in @entity0 with relapsed/refractory @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: In this open label phase II study (NCT00253630), @entity0 with relapsed/ @entity3 (FL), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), or @entity6 ( @entity6 ), with  <= 4 prior therapies were eligible. Oral @entity4 was administered at a dose of 200 mg twice daily on days 1 through 14 of a 21-day cycle until progression or unacceptable @entity1 . The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR), with secondary end points of progression-free survival (PFS), time to progression, duration of response, safety, and tolerability. RESULTS: All 35 eligible @entity0 were evaluable for response. The median number of @entity4 cycles received was nine. ORR was 29% (five complete responses [CR] and five partial responses [PR]). For 17 @entity0 with FL, ORR was 47% (four CR, four PR). There were two of nine responders with @entity7 (one CR, one PR), and no formal responders among the nine @entity0 with @entity6 , although one @entity0 maintained stable disease for 26 months. Median PFS was 15.6 months for @entity0 with FL, 5.9 months for @entity6 , and 18.8 months for @entity7 . The drug was well-tolerated over long periods of treatment, with the most common grade 3 adverse events being @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity8 , and @entity9 . CONCLUSION: Oral @entity4 is a promising agent in FL and @entity7 , with an acceptable safety profile. Further studies in combination with other active agents in this setting are warranted.

title: Phase II study of @entity4 for treatment of relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: We performed a phase II study of oral @entity4 , a histone and protein deacetylase inhibitor, to examine its efficacy and tolerability in @entity0 with relapsed/refractory @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: In this open label phase II study (NCT00253630), @entity0 with relapsed/ @entity3 (FL), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), or @entity6 ( @entity6 ), with  <= 4 prior therapies were eligible. Oral @entity4 was administered at a dose of 200 mg twice daily on days 1 through 14 of a 21-day cycle until progression or unacceptable @entity1 . The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR), with secondary end points of progression-free survival (PFS), time to progression, duration of response, safety, and tolerability. RESULTS: All 35 eligible @entity0 were evaluable for response. The median number of @entity4 cycles received was nine. ORR was 29% (five complete responses [CR] and five partial responses [PR]). For 17 @entity0 with FL, ORR was 47% (four CR, four PR). There were two of nine responders with @entity7 (one CR, one PR), and no formal responders among the nine @entity0 with @entity6 , although one @entity0 maintained stable disease for 26 months. Median PFS was 15.6 months for @entity0 with FL, 5.9 months for @entity6 , and 18.8 months for @entity7 . The drug was well-tolerated over long periods of treatment, with the most common grade 3 adverse events being @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity8 , and @entity9 . CONCLUSION: Oral @entity4 is a promising agent in FL and @entity7 , with an acceptable safety profile. Further studies in combination with other active agents in this setting are warranted.

title: Phase II study of XXXX for treatment of relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: CONTEXT: Progressive brain volume changes in @entity3 are thought to be due principally to the disease. However, recent animal studies indicate that antipsychotics, the mainstay of treatment for @entity3 @entity0 , may also contribute to brain tissue volume decrement. Because antipsychotics are prescribed for long periods for @entity3 @entity0 and have increasingly widespread use in other @entity2 , it is imperative to determine their long-term effects on the @entity0 brain. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate relative contributions of 4 potential predictors (illness duration, antipsychotic treatment, illness severity, and @entity5 ) of brain volume change. DESIGN: Predictors of brain volume changes were assessed prospectively based on multiple informants. SETTING: Data from the Iowa Longitudinal Study. @entity0 : Two hundred eleven @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent repeated neuroimaging beginning soon after illness onset, yielding a total of 674 high-resolution magnetic resonance scans. On average, each @entity0 had 3 scans (>= 2 and as many as 5) over 7.2 years (up to 14 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Brain volumes. RESULTS: During longitudinal follow-up, antipsychotic treatment reflected national prescribing practices in 1991 through 2009. Longer follow-up correlated with smaller brain tissue volumes and larger cerebrospinal fluid volumes. Greater intensity of antipsychotic treatment was associated with indicators of generalized and specific brain tissue reduction after controlling for effects of the other 3 predictors. More antipsychotic treatment was associated with smaller gray matter volumes. Progressive @entity1 was most evident among @entity0 who received more antipsychotic treatment. Illness severity had relatively modest correlations with tissue volume reduction, and @entity4 /illicit drug misuse had no significant associations when effects of the other variables were adjusted. CONCLUSIONS: Viewed together with data from animal studies, our study suggests that antipsychotics have a subtle but measurable influence on brain tissue loss over time, suggesting the importance of careful risk-benefit review of dosage and duration of treatment as well as their off-label use.

title: Long-term antipsychotic treatment and brain volumes: a longitudinal study of first-episode XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the outcome after adjuvant @entity2 with standard fractionation regimen in metastatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) from @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: 86 successive @entity0 (57 @entity0 ) were treated for locally advanced @entity1 in our institution. 60 @entity0 (69%) underwent @entity3 dissection followed by @entity2 ( @entity2 ), while 26 @entity0 (31%) had no radiotherapy. RESULTS: The median number of resected @entity3 was 12 (1 to 36) with 2 metastases (1 to 28). Median survival after the first relapse was 31.8 months. Extracapsular extension was a significant prognostic factor for regional control (p = 0.019). Median total dose was 50 Gy (30 to 70 Gy). A standard fractionation regimen was used (2 Gy/fraction). Median number of fractions was 25 (10 to 44 fractions). @entity0 were treated with five fractions/week. @entity0 with extracapsular extension treated with surgery followed by @entity2 (total dose >= 50 Gy) had a better regional control than @entity0 treated by surgery followed by @entity2 with a total dose <50 Gy (80% vs. 35% at 5-year follow-up; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant radiotherapy was able to increase regional control in targeted sub-population ( @entity3 with extracapsular extension).

title: Adjuvant @entity2 in metastatic XXXX from @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the outcome after adjuvant @entity2 with standard fractionation regimen in metastatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) from @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: 86 successive @entity0 (57 @entity0 ) were treated for locally advanced @entity1 in our institution. 60 @entity0 (69%) underwent @entity3 dissection followed by @entity2 ( @entity2 ), while 26 @entity0 (31%) had no radiotherapy. RESULTS: The median number of resected @entity3 was 12 (1 to 36) with 2 metastases (1 to 28). Median survival after the first relapse was 31.8 months. Extracapsular extension was a significant prognostic factor for regional control (p = 0.019). Median total dose was 50 Gy (30 to 70 Gy). A standard fractionation regimen was used (2 Gy/fraction). Median number of fractions was 25 (10 to 44 fractions). @entity0 were treated with five fractions/week. @entity0 with extracapsular extension treated with surgery followed by @entity2 (total dose >= 50 Gy) had a better regional control than @entity0 treated by surgery followed by @entity2 with a total dose <50 Gy (80% vs. 35% at 5-year follow-up; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant radiotherapy was able to increase regional control in targeted sub-population ( @entity3 with extracapsular extension).

title: Adjuvant @entity2 in metastatic @entity3 from XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the outcome after adjuvant @entity2 with standard fractionation regimen in metastatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) from @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: 86 successive @entity0 (57 @entity0 ) were treated for locally advanced @entity1 in our institution. 60 @entity0 (69%) underwent @entity3 dissection followed by @entity2 ( @entity2 ), while 26 @entity0 (31%) had no radiotherapy. RESULTS: The median number of resected @entity3 was 12 (1 to 36) with 2 metastases (1 to 28). Median survival after the first relapse was 31.8 months. Extracapsular extension was a significant prognostic factor for regional control (p = 0.019). Median total dose was 50 Gy (30 to 70 Gy). A standard fractionation regimen was used (2 Gy/fraction). Median number of fractions was 25 (10 to 44 fractions). @entity0 were treated with five fractions/week. @entity0 with extracapsular extension treated with surgery followed by @entity2 (total dose >= 50 Gy) had a better regional control than @entity0 treated by surgery followed by @entity2 with a total dose <50 Gy (80% vs. 35% at 5-year follow-up; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant radiotherapy was able to increase regional control in targeted sub-population ( @entity3 with extracapsular extension).

title: Adjuvant XXXX in metastatic @entity3 from @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Efficacy and safety of @entity2 , a monobactam antibiotic developed by E.R. Squibb _ Sons, Inc. U.S.A., in complicated @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were studied. @entity2 was administered to 15 @entity0 with complicated @entity1 admitted to our Hospitals between July, 1984 and January, 1985. A two-gram dose of @entity2 was administered twice a day intravenously or intraductally for 5 days consecutively. There were 11 evaluable cases in accordance with the @entity1 Drug Efficacy Evaluation Standard (the second issue). Overall clinical effect of these cases were "excellent" in 6 cases, "good" in 2 cases and "poor" in 3 cases. All the effective cases ("excellent" and "good") were of single infections and all the non-effective cases ("poor") were of complicated infections. All of the gram-negative pathogens and 4 of the 8 gram-positive pathogens were eliminated. In no cases were side effects or significantly abnormal laboratory findings reported. Therefore, @entity2 is very effective and safe for complicated @entity1 , especially gram-negative infections.

title: [Clinical evaluation of XXXX for complicated urinary tract infection].

answer: @entity2


abstract: This report describes an @entity5 for which we suggest the name acute @entity2 . It is frequently larger than 2 cm and has a characteristic morphology with raised, rolled, vascular but not everted edges. Commonly there is a central crust covering a foul discharge on a papilliferous base. The biopsy is characteristically ambiguous but often that of a well differentiated @entity5 . Irrespective of the history, which is usually short, all @entity1 have a period of rapid growth. Among 193 @entity0 with @entity5 of the eyelids or external ear, 24 (12%) of the @entity1 were designated as being @entity4 . For the eyelids 15/125 (12%) @entity0 were in this group; 10 (67%) had @entity1 larger than 2 cm, five (33%) developed regional metastases, and three (20%) had @entity1 related @entity3 . Irradiation controlled the @entity1 in 15 (100%) @entity0 . Among the 68 ear @entity1 , nine (13%) were called @entity4 . Eight (89%) were larger than 2 cm, three (33%) developed regional metastases, and two (22%) @entity0 had @entity1 related @entity3 . Irradiation controlled the @entity1 in seven (78%) @entity0 . It is postulated that these @entity4 are virus induced @entity1 that develop in actinicly damaged and immunologically suppressed skin. Following treatment, careful follow-up is recommended because of their metastatic and lethal potential.

title: @entity4 --an XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: This report describes an @entity5 for which we suggest the name acute @entity2 . It is frequently larger than 2 cm and has a characteristic morphology with raised, rolled, vascular but not everted edges. Commonly there is a central crust covering a foul discharge on a papilliferous base. The biopsy is characteristically ambiguous but often that of a well differentiated @entity5 . Irrespective of the history, which is usually short, all @entity1 have a period of rapid growth. Among 193 @entity0 with @entity5 of the eyelids or external ear, 24 (12%) of the @entity1 were designated as being @entity4 . For the eyelids 15/125 (12%) @entity0 were in this group; 10 (67%) had @entity1 larger than 2 cm, five (33%) developed regional metastases, and three (20%) had @entity1 related @entity3 . Irradiation controlled the @entity1 in 15 (100%) @entity0 . Among the 68 ear @entity1 , nine (13%) were called @entity4 . Eight (89%) were larger than 2 cm, three (33%) developed regional metastases, and two (22%) @entity0 had @entity1 related @entity3 . Irradiation controlled the @entity1 in seven (78%) @entity0 . It is postulated that these @entity4 are virus induced @entity1 that develop in actinicly damaged and immunologically suppressed skin. Following treatment, careful follow-up is recommended because of their metastatic and lethal potential.

title: XXXX --an @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The social position of a husband or wife can influence the health status of the individual and his/her partner. Also, social position can change over time as a result of education, job, income, marriage and/or divorce. AIM: To examine the association of mobility by marriage based on educational discrepancy between spouses and risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) among Polish @entity0 and @entity0 of 40-50 years of age. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The sample included 394 married @entity0 and 453 married @entity0 of 40-50 years of age. All were residents of Wroc  aw located in southwestern Poland. Risk of @entity1 was assessed with the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). The sex-specific effect of social mobility on @entity1 risk (FRS) was tested by multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: Among Polish married @entity0 and @entity0 , social mobility by marriage had a significant association with risk of @entity1 . Downwardly mobile @entity0 and @entity0 had a higher risk of @entity1 , while upwardly mobile @entity0 and @entity0 had a lower risk of @entity1 compared with individuals from homogamous marriages. The sole exception to this trend was poorly educated @entity0 among whom marriage with a better educated wife did not affect @entity1 risk. CONCLUSION: Social mobility by marriage influences @entity1 risk. The results provide additional insights for studies examining socioeconomic differentials in @entity1 risk.

title: Social mobility by marriage and risk of XXXX among adults in Southwestern Poland.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite growing evidence that inhibition of a6b2-containing (a6b2*) nicotinic @entity3 receptors (nAChRs) may be beneficial for the therapy of @entity2 addiction, the lack of good sources of a6b2*-nAChRs has delayed the discovery of a6b2-selective antagonists. Our aim was to generate a cell line stably expressing functional nAChRs with a6b2 properties, to enable pharmacological characterization and the identification of novel a6b2-selective antagonists. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Different combinations of the a6, b2, b3, chimeric a6/3 and mutant b3( @entity5 ) subunits were transfected in @entity0 embryonic kidney cells and tested for activity in a fluorescent imaging plate reader assay. The pharmacology of @entity1 immune-immobilized a6b2*-nAChRs was determined with        I- @entity4 binding. KEY RESULTS: Functional channels were detected after co-transfection of a6/3, b2 and b3( @entity5 ) subunits, while all other subunit combinations failed to produce agonist-induced responses. Stably expressed a6/3b2b3( @entity5 )-nAChR pharmacology was unique, and clearly distinct from a4b2-, a3b4-, a7- and a1b1    -nAChRs. Antagonist potencies in inhibiting a6/3b2b3( @entity5 ) -nAChRs was similar to their binding affinity for @entity1 native a6b2*-nAChRs. Agonist affinities for a6b2*-nAChRs was higher than their potency in activating a6/3b2b3( @entity5 )-nAChRs, but their relative activities were equivalent. Focussed set screening at a6/3b2b3( @entity5 )-nAChRs, followed by cross-screening with the other nAChRs, led to the identification of novel a6b2-selective antagonists. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We generated a @entity0 cell line stably expressing nAChRs, with pharmacological properties similar to native a6b2*-nAChRs, and used it to identify novel non-peptide, low molecular weight, a6b2-selective antagonists. We also propose a pharmacophore model of a6b2 antagonists, which offers a starting point for the development of new smoking cessation agents.

title: Stable expression and functional characterization of a @entity0 nicotinic XXXX receptor with a6b2 properties: discovery of selective antagonists.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Despite growing evidence that inhibition of a6b2-containing (a6b2*) nicotinic @entity3 receptors (nAChRs) may be beneficial for the therapy of @entity2 addiction, the lack of good sources of a6b2*-nAChRs has delayed the discovery of a6b2-selective antagonists. Our aim was to generate a cell line stably expressing functional nAChRs with a6b2 properties, to enable pharmacological characterization and the identification of novel a6b2-selective antagonists. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Different combinations of the a6, b2, b3, chimeric a6/3 and mutant b3( @entity5 ) subunits were transfected in @entity0 embryonic kidney cells and tested for activity in a fluorescent imaging plate reader assay. The pharmacology of @entity1 immune-immobilized a6b2*-nAChRs was determined with        I- @entity4 binding. KEY RESULTS: Functional channels were detected after co-transfection of a6/3, b2 and b3( @entity5 ) subunits, while all other subunit combinations failed to produce agonist-induced responses. Stably expressed a6/3b2b3( @entity5 )-nAChR pharmacology was unique, and clearly distinct from a4b2-, a3b4-, a7- and a1b1    -nAChRs. Antagonist potencies in inhibiting a6/3b2b3( @entity5 ) -nAChRs was similar to their binding affinity for @entity1 native a6b2*-nAChRs. Agonist affinities for a6b2*-nAChRs was higher than their potency in activating a6/3b2b3( @entity5 )-nAChRs, but their relative activities were equivalent. Focussed set screening at a6/3b2b3( @entity5 )-nAChRs, followed by cross-screening with the other nAChRs, led to the identification of novel a6b2-selective antagonists. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We generated a @entity0 cell line stably expressing nAChRs, with pharmacological properties similar to native a6b2*-nAChRs, and used it to identify novel non-peptide, low molecular weight, a6b2-selective antagonists. We also propose a pharmacophore model of a6b2 antagonists, which offers a starting point for the development of new smoking cessation agents.

title: Stable expression and functional characterization of a XXXX nicotinic @entity3 receptor with a6b2 properties: discovery of selective antagonists.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The current limitations of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) therapy were the topic of a discussion group meeting at the 5th European Congress on Epileptology, Madrid, 6-10 October 2002. This review contains four short papers covering the topics discussed by the speakers at this meeting and an account of the ensuing discussion with all @entity0 . The meeting focused on four issues. (i) Are mechanisms of action of AEDs useful to predict treatment outcome? The short answer to this question was no, for several reasons. These include the fact that clinically relevant mechanisms in individual @entity0 remain unclear, the treatment of @entity1 targets the symptoms rather than the cause of the disease, and that current @entity2 classification defines heterogeneous @entity0 populations. (ii) The benefits of the often recommended titration of the dose to the maximum tolerated level when @entity2 persist at average @entity3 doses. A re-evaluation of this practice showed that dose escalation achieves @entity2 freedom in only 1 of 4 @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity1 and only 1 of 10 @entity0 with @entity1 are likely to experience a greater than 50% reduction in @entity2 frequency. Being aware of the limited utility of maximum dose titration and subsequent dose reduction if no significant individual benefit is achieved avoids medical over-treatment with a worsening risk-benefit balance. (iii) When single drug therapy is not sufficiently effective, adding a second drug or alternative monotherapy are common options. Based on published data, there is no conclusive evidence in favour of either alternative monotherapy or second-line polytherapy. A pragmatic choice may be to evaluate the combination and then attempt to withdraw the first drug in the case of success. This may prevent the substitution of a partially efficacious drug by a non-efficacious drug. The choice of the second drug should, in theory, be based on which first drug has failed but again compelling evidence to support specific recommendations is lacking. (iv) Unexpected worsening of @entity2 may occur in many circumstances and has many causes, including tolerance and adverse pharmacodynamic effects of individual AEDs on @entity2 generating mechanisms. @entity0 are usually aware of aggravation and may express a "dislike" for a particular @entity3 as a warning sign for physicians to modify the medication. The availability of numerous AEDs, particularly with single mechanisms of action, has increased the risk of paradoxical effects that may go undetected in clinical trials and only surface during astute clinical observations.

title: Current limitations of XXXX therapy: a conference review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Comorbidity, disability, and polypharmacy commonly complicate the care of @entity0 with @entity1 . These factors can change biological response to therapy, reduce @entity0 ability to adhere to recommendations, and alter @entity0 preference for treatment and outcome. Yet, a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of @entity0 with @entity1 is lacking. Our objective was to assess trends in demographics, comorbidity, physical function, and medication use in a nationally representative, community-based @entity1 population. METHODS: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we analyzed trends across 3 survey periods (1988-1994, 1999-2002, 2003-2008). RESULTS: We identified 1395 @entity0 with self-reported @entity1 (n=581 in 1988-1994, n=280 in 1999-2002, n=534 in 2003-2008). The proportion of @entity0 with @entity1 who were >= 80 years old increased from 13.3% in 1988-1994 to 22.4% in 2003-2008 (P <.01). The proportion of @entity0 with @entity1 who had 5 or more comorbid chronic conditions increased from 42.1% to 58.0% (P <.01). The mean number of prescription medications increased from 4.1 to 6.4 prescriptions (P <.01). The prevalence of disability did not increase but was substantial across all years. CONCLUSION: The phenotype of @entity0 with @entity1 changed substantially over the last 2 decades. Most notably, more recent @entity0 have a higher percentage of very old individuals, and the number of comorbidities and medications increased markedly. Functional disability is prevalent, although it has not changed. These changes suggest a need for new research and practice strategies that accommodate the increasing complexity of this population.

title: Trends in comorbidity, disability, and polypharmacy in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have quantitated @entity1 protein kinase (TPK) activity in particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity0 leukemic cells. Slowly proliferating cells from @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) had levels of TPK similar to those of quiescent normal lymphocytes. Cells from @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) contained markedly lower levels of TPK activity, similar to the levels in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated (proliferating) normal lymphocytes and in bone marrow cells. This suggested that TPK is part of a mechanism for transducing growth signals and is down-regulated following signal transmission. We also identified endogenous substrates for TPK in leukemic cells. Particulate fractions from @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity6 cells contained substrates identical to those previously detected in normal lymphocytes. In particular, a 38kD substrate thought to be involved in early stages of growth signal transduction in normal lymphocytes was found in all samples of these groups examined. Cytosolic fractions from these groups of @entity4 cells contained higher molecular weight substrates not found in resting or proliferating normal lymphocytes or bone marrow cells. In contrast, TPK substrates in both particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity5 cells resembled those of normal bone marrow cells in that only proteins with molecular weight below 40kD were labelled on @entity1 . We conclude that leukemic cells do not contain higher levels of TPK than do normal hemopoietic cells. Qualitative differences in TPK species or in their substrates may result in aberrant regulation of proliferation in leukemic cells. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that additional TPK substrates detected in leukemic cells were a feature of the normal equivalent hematopoietic cells from which the @entity4 cells were derived.

title: XXXX protein kinases and their substrates in @entity0 @entity4 cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have quantitated @entity1 protein kinase (TPK) activity in particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity0 leukemic cells. Slowly proliferating cells from @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) had levels of TPK similar to those of quiescent normal lymphocytes. Cells from @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) contained markedly lower levels of TPK activity, similar to the levels in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated (proliferating) normal lymphocytes and in bone marrow cells. This suggested that TPK is part of a mechanism for transducing growth signals and is down-regulated following signal transmission. We also identified endogenous substrates for TPK in leukemic cells. Particulate fractions from @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity6 cells contained substrates identical to those previously detected in normal lymphocytes. In particular, a 38kD substrate thought to be involved in early stages of growth signal transduction in normal lymphocytes was found in all samples of these groups examined. Cytosolic fractions from these groups of @entity4 cells contained higher molecular weight substrates not found in resting or proliferating normal lymphocytes or bone marrow cells. In contrast, TPK substrates in both particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity5 cells resembled those of normal bone marrow cells in that only proteins with molecular weight below 40kD were labelled on @entity1 . We conclude that leukemic cells do not contain higher levels of TPK than do normal hemopoietic cells. Qualitative differences in TPK species or in their substrates may result in aberrant regulation of proliferation in leukemic cells. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that additional TPK substrates detected in leukemic cells were a feature of the normal equivalent hematopoietic cells from which the @entity4 cells were derived.

title: @entity1 protein kinases and their substrates in @entity0 XXXX cells.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We have quantitated @entity1 protein kinase (TPK) activity in particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity0 leukemic cells. Slowly proliferating cells from @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) had levels of TPK similar to those of quiescent normal lymphocytes. Cells from @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) contained markedly lower levels of TPK activity, similar to the levels in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated (proliferating) normal lymphocytes and in bone marrow cells. This suggested that TPK is part of a mechanism for transducing growth signals and is down-regulated following signal transmission. We also identified endogenous substrates for TPK in leukemic cells. Particulate fractions from @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity6 cells contained substrates identical to those previously detected in normal lymphocytes. In particular, a 38kD substrate thought to be involved in early stages of growth signal transduction in normal lymphocytes was found in all samples of these groups examined. Cytosolic fractions from these groups of @entity4 cells contained higher molecular weight substrates not found in resting or proliferating normal lymphocytes or bone marrow cells. In contrast, TPK substrates in both particulate and cytosolic fractions from @entity5 cells resembled those of normal bone marrow cells in that only proteins with molecular weight below 40kD were labelled on @entity1 . We conclude that leukemic cells do not contain higher levels of TPK than do normal hemopoietic cells. Qualitative differences in TPK species or in their substrates may result in aberrant regulation of proliferation in leukemic cells. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that additional TPK substrates detected in leukemic cells were a feature of the normal equivalent hematopoietic cells from which the @entity4 cells were derived.

title: @entity1 protein kinases and their substrates in XXXX @entity4 cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity8 1 is an @entity2 with an estimated incidence 1:2500 to 1:3000 live newborns. The disease presents with multiple cutaneous and non cutaneous lesions. @entity5 occurs with equal frequency in males and females and has been identified in all ethnic group. The morbidity and the mortality caused by @entity5 are the result of complications that may involve any of the body systems. This disease has been linked with mutations of the @entity5 gene which encodes @entity1 suppressor neurofibromin. At least half of @entity0 with @entity5 will have only cutaneous involvement that is not considered to be a major medical problem, even though it can be a source of psychologic burden as a result of cosmetic disfigurement. The cardinal features of the disorder are caf  -au-lait spots, axillary freckling, cutaneous @entity7 and Lisch nodules, but there are a lot of wide variety of complications affecting almost every system of the body, including the eyes ( @entity9 ), the nervous system ( @entity1 ), the skeleton ( @entity4 , @entity6 ), the endocrine and cardiovascular system ( @entity3 ). Manifestations of @entity5 vary at different times in an individual's life. Substantial variability exists among affected members of a single family. This variability confounds clinical management and the severity of the disease cannot be predicted. We present a case in young @entity0 24 years-old treated by reiterative plastic surgery.

title: [Morpho-functional iterative surgery in a XXXX with von Recklinghausen disease].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This research addresses the following questions: what is the prevalence and severity of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) during an extended period of time in @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity3 with @entity5 ? Are the specific @entity7 listed in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity1 DSM, Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A for @entity2 diagnosis (a voice keeping a running commentary or voices conversing) more prevalent and severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity3 with @entity5 ? Lastly, do @entity7 at index hospitalization in @entity0 with @entity2 predict the absence of later recovery? METHODS: This research follows a sample of @entity0 with @entity6 who were evaluated at index hospitalization and then prospectively followed-up at 6 evaluations during next 20 years (n = 86). All @entity0 were evaluated as part of a prospective research study designed to measure multiple factors of phenomenology, severity of @entity4 , @entity4 , prognosis, and global outcome. RESULTS: First-rank symptoms are not exclusive to @entity2 ; they also occur in some @entity3 @entity0 . However, they are more frequent and more severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity3 . @entity2 @entity0 with @entity7 during the acute phase are more likely to have poorer long-term outcome than @entity2 @entity0 who do not have @entity7 during the acute phase. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate @entity7 at the acute phase are not a clinicopathologic correlate specific to @entity2 . However, the presence and severity of any @entity7 and specifically of the 2 @entity7 associated with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity1 , Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A are more prevalent and more severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Diagnostic and prognostic significance of Schneiderian @entity7 : a 20-year longitudinal study of @entity2 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This research addresses the following questions: what is the prevalence and severity of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) during an extended period of time in @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity3 with @entity5 ? Are the specific @entity7 listed in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity1 DSM, Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A for @entity2 diagnosis (a voice keeping a running commentary or voices conversing) more prevalent and severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity3 with @entity5 ? Lastly, do @entity7 at index hospitalization in @entity0 with @entity2 predict the absence of later recovery? METHODS: This research follows a sample of @entity0 with @entity6 who were evaluated at index hospitalization and then prospectively followed-up at 6 evaluations during next 20 years (n = 86). All @entity0 were evaluated as part of a prospective research study designed to measure multiple factors of phenomenology, severity of @entity4 , @entity4 , prognosis, and global outcome. RESULTS: First-rank symptoms are not exclusive to @entity2 ; they also occur in some @entity3 @entity0 . However, they are more frequent and more severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity3 . @entity2 @entity0 with @entity7 during the acute phase are more likely to have poorer long-term outcome than @entity2 @entity0 who do not have @entity7 during the acute phase. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate @entity7 at the acute phase are not a clinicopathologic correlate specific to @entity2 . However, the presence and severity of any @entity7 and specifically of the 2 @entity7 associated with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity1 , Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A are more prevalent and more severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Diagnostic and prognostic significance of Schneiderian XXXX : a 20-year longitudinal study of @entity2 and @entity3 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This research addresses the following questions: what is the prevalence and severity of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) during an extended period of time in @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity3 with @entity5 ? Are the specific @entity7 listed in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity1 DSM, Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A for @entity2 diagnosis (a voice keeping a running commentary or voices conversing) more prevalent and severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity3 with @entity5 ? Lastly, do @entity7 at index hospitalization in @entity0 with @entity2 predict the absence of later recovery? METHODS: This research follows a sample of @entity0 with @entity6 who were evaluated at index hospitalization and then prospectively followed-up at 6 evaluations during next 20 years (n = 86). All @entity0 were evaluated as part of a prospective research study designed to measure multiple factors of phenomenology, severity of @entity4 , @entity4 , prognosis, and global outcome. RESULTS: First-rank symptoms are not exclusive to @entity2 ; they also occur in some @entity3 @entity0 . However, they are more frequent and more severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity3 . @entity2 @entity0 with @entity7 during the acute phase are more likely to have poorer long-term outcome than @entity2 @entity0 who do not have @entity7 during the acute phase. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate @entity7 at the acute phase are not a clinicopathologic correlate specific to @entity2 . However, the presence and severity of any @entity7 and specifically of the 2 @entity7 associated with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity1 , Third Edition, Revised/Fourth Edition Criterion A are more prevalent and more severe in @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Diagnostic and prognostic significance of Schneiderian @entity7 : a 20-year longitudinal study of XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Urovysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (UVFISH) identifies malignant cells in urine by detecting specific @entity2 -related @entity7 . Some @entity3 ( @entity3 ) share overlapping chromosomal aberrations with @entity2 . Malignant renal cells that are shed in urine can potentially cause a positive UVFISH result. We evaluated UVFISH in @entity3 to determine its potential applicability to the diagnosis and grading of @entity3 . @entity4 blocks from 39 @entity3 (25 clear cell, 9 papillary, 2 chromophobe, and 3 sarcomatoid) and 15 controls (5 renal @entity6 and 10 @entity2 ) were tested. Of the @entity3 , 15 (40%) were UVFISH-positive (9/25 [40%] clear cell, 3/9 [30%] papillary, 1/2 [50%] chromophobe, and 2/3 [67%] @entity2 ) and 24 (60%) were negative. Of the 15 controls, 8 (   50%) were UVFISH-positive (2/5 [40%] @entity6 and 6/10 [60%] @entity2 ) and 7 (   50%) were UVFISH-negative. Polysomy of chromosome 17 showed a statistically significant correlation with @entity5 subtype, being absent in most of the clear cell @entity3 (P = .0096) compared with other @entity3 . Polysomy of chromosome 7 was more frequent in high-grade than low-grade @entity5 (P = .0197) and more likely in high-grade clear cell than low-grade clear cell @entity5 (P = .0120). In conclusion, we showed that @entity5 has overlapping @entity7 with @entity2 and can cause a positive UVFISH result. This has implications for the interpretation of Urovysion in @entity0 whose urine contains malignant cells but who have negative cystoscopy and a concomitant renal mass. The @entity7 observed in @entity5 are not distinct from those in @entity2 ; therefore, UVFISH cannot distinguish these @entity1 types, nor can it type or grade @entity5 .

title: @entity7 in XXXX variants detected by Urovysion fluorescence in situ hybridization on paraffin-embedded tissue.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Urovysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (UVFISH) identifies malignant cells in urine by detecting specific @entity2 -related @entity7 . Some @entity3 ( @entity3 ) share overlapping chromosomal aberrations with @entity2 . Malignant renal cells that are shed in urine can potentially cause a positive UVFISH result. We evaluated UVFISH in @entity3 to determine its potential applicability to the diagnosis and grading of @entity3 . @entity4 blocks from 39 @entity3 (25 clear cell, 9 papillary, 2 chromophobe, and 3 sarcomatoid) and 15 controls (5 renal @entity6 and 10 @entity2 ) were tested. Of the @entity3 , 15 (40%) were UVFISH-positive (9/25 [40%] clear cell, 3/9 [30%] papillary, 1/2 [50%] chromophobe, and 2/3 [67%] @entity2 ) and 24 (60%) were negative. Of the 15 controls, 8 (   50%) were UVFISH-positive (2/5 [40%] @entity6 and 6/10 [60%] @entity2 ) and 7 (   50%) were UVFISH-negative. Polysomy of chromosome 17 showed a statistically significant correlation with @entity5 subtype, being absent in most of the clear cell @entity3 (P = .0096) compared with other @entity3 . Polysomy of chromosome 7 was more frequent in high-grade than low-grade @entity5 (P = .0197) and more likely in high-grade clear cell than low-grade clear cell @entity5 (P = .0120). In conclusion, we showed that @entity5 has overlapping @entity7 with @entity2 and can cause a positive UVFISH result. This has implications for the interpretation of Urovysion in @entity0 whose urine contains malignant cells but who have negative cystoscopy and a concomitant renal mass. The @entity7 observed in @entity5 are not distinct from those in @entity2 ; therefore, UVFISH cannot distinguish these @entity1 types, nor can it type or grade @entity5 .

title: XXXX in @entity5 variants detected by Urovysion fluorescence in situ hybridization on paraffin-embedded tissue.

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: Localized @entity9 is rarely resectable and is resistant to conventional therapies. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is an E1B-55kD gene-deleted replication-selective adenovirus that preferentially replicates in and kills malignant cells. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has the potential to conveniently and accurately deliver local therapy to the pancreas. Therefore, we undertook a trial of the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of EUS injection of @entity10 into unresectable @entity9 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty-one @entity0 with locally advanced @entity6 or with @entity1 , but minimal or absent liver metastases, underwent eight sessions of @entity10 delivered by EUS injection into the primary @entity7 over 8 weeks. The final four treatments were given in combination with @entity3 (i.v., 1,000 mg/m(2)). @entity0 received 2 x 10(10) (n = 3) or 2 x 10(11) (n = 18) virus particles/treatment. RESULTS: After combination therapy, 2 @entity0 had partial regressions of the injected @entity2 , 2 had minor responses, 6 had stable disease, and 11 had progressive disease or had to go off study because of treatment @entity4 . No clinical @entity7 occurred despite mild, transient elevations in lipase in a minority of @entity0 . Two @entity0 had @entity5 before the institution of prophylactic oral antibiotics. Two @entity0 had duodenal perforations from the @entity8 . No perforations occurred after the protocol was changed to transgastic injections only. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that @entity10 injection via EUS into @entity9 by the transgastic route with prophylactic antibiotics is feasible and generally well tolerated either alone or in combination with @entity3 . Transgastric EUS-guided injection is a new and practical method of delivering biological agents to @entity7 .

title: A phase I/II trial of intratumoral endoscopic ultrasound injection of @entity10 with intravenous @entity3 in unresectable XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: Localized @entity9 is rarely resectable and is resistant to conventional therapies. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is an E1B-55kD gene-deleted replication-selective adenovirus that preferentially replicates in and kills malignant cells. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has the potential to conveniently and accurately deliver local therapy to the pancreas. Therefore, we undertook a trial of the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of EUS injection of @entity10 into unresectable @entity9 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty-one @entity0 with locally advanced @entity6 or with @entity1 , but minimal or absent liver metastases, underwent eight sessions of @entity10 delivered by EUS injection into the primary @entity7 over 8 weeks. The final four treatments were given in combination with @entity3 (i.v., 1,000 mg/m(2)). @entity0 received 2 x 10(10) (n = 3) or 2 x 10(11) (n = 18) virus particles/treatment. RESULTS: After combination therapy, 2 @entity0 had partial regressions of the injected @entity2 , 2 had minor responses, 6 had stable disease, and 11 had progressive disease or had to go off study because of treatment @entity4 . No clinical @entity7 occurred despite mild, transient elevations in lipase in a minority of @entity0 . Two @entity0 had @entity5 before the institution of prophylactic oral antibiotics. Two @entity0 had duodenal perforations from the @entity8 . No perforations occurred after the protocol was changed to transgastic injections only. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that @entity10 injection via EUS into @entity9 by the transgastic route with prophylactic antibiotics is feasible and generally well tolerated either alone or in combination with @entity3 . Transgastric EUS-guided injection is a new and practical method of delivering biological agents to @entity7 .

title: A phase I/II trial of intratumoral endoscopic ultrasound injection of XXXX with intravenous @entity3 in unresectable @entity9 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: PURPOSE: Localized @entity9 is rarely resectable and is resistant to conventional therapies. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is an E1B-55kD gene-deleted replication-selective adenovirus that preferentially replicates in and kills malignant cells. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has the potential to conveniently and accurately deliver local therapy to the pancreas. Therefore, we undertook a trial of the feasibility, tolerability, and efficacy of EUS injection of @entity10 into unresectable @entity9 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Twenty-one @entity0 with locally advanced @entity6 or with @entity1 , but minimal or absent liver metastases, underwent eight sessions of @entity10 delivered by EUS injection into the primary @entity7 over 8 weeks. The final four treatments were given in combination with @entity3 (i.v., 1,000 mg/m(2)). @entity0 received 2 x 10(10) (n = 3) or 2 x 10(11) (n = 18) virus particles/treatment. RESULTS: After combination therapy, 2 @entity0 had partial regressions of the injected @entity2 , 2 had minor responses, 6 had stable disease, and 11 had progressive disease or had to go off study because of treatment @entity4 . No clinical @entity7 occurred despite mild, transient elevations in lipase in a minority of @entity0 . Two @entity0 had @entity5 before the institution of prophylactic oral antibiotics. Two @entity0 had duodenal perforations from the @entity8 . No perforations occurred after the protocol was changed to transgastic injections only. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that @entity10 injection via EUS into @entity9 by the transgastic route with prophylactic antibiotics is feasible and generally well tolerated either alone or in combination with @entity3 . Transgastric EUS-guided injection is a new and practical method of delivering biological agents to @entity7 .

title: A phase I/II trial of intratumoral endoscopic ultrasound injection of @entity10 with intravenous XXXX in unresectable @entity9 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Natural killer cell (NK) activity, together with various nonspecific immunologic parameters, was measured preoperatively, and its changes induced by operative stress were examined in @entity3 @entity0 . Effect of administration of a nonspecific immunopotentiator, @entity4 , was evaluated by postoperative changes in NK activity. Peripheral blood NK activity was measured by 51Cr-release assay against K-562 target cells. It was found that NK activity in the @entity3 @entity0 was significantly lower than that in healthy subjects. The reduction was specially marked in the cases of @entity2 at stages I and IV. NK activity in the cases with hepatic or peritoneal @entity1 was significantly lower than that in the cases without such @entity1 . NK activity in the cases of noncurative gastric resection or non-resection was significantly lower than that in the cases of curative gastric resection. NK activity in the cases of stage IV and "por" in histology was significantly lower than that in the cases of stage IV and "tub1" in histology. In the cases at stages I + II, there was a positive correlation between NK activity and IgG FcR(+) T cell ratio. There was a negative correlation between NK activity and alpha 2-globulin ratio and the correlation was especially significant in the cases at stages III + IV. In the cases at stages III + IV, receiving administration of @entity4 only postoperatively, NK activity was significantly reduced or tended to be reduced at 1 through 4 week(s) postoperatively, while such a reduction was not seen in the cases receiving administration of @entity4 pre- and postoperatively. This phenomenon was more marked in the cases showing a serum albumin level lower than 3.5 g/dl or in the cases undergoing operations longer than 4 hours in duration.

title: [Observation on natural killer cell activity in XXXX @entity0 and effect of nonspecific immunopotentiator administration on its postoperative reduction].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Natural killer cell (NK) activity, together with various nonspecific immunologic parameters, was measured preoperatively, and its changes induced by operative stress were examined in @entity3 @entity0 . Effect of administration of a nonspecific immunopotentiator, @entity4 , was evaluated by postoperative changes in NK activity. Peripheral blood NK activity was measured by 51Cr-release assay against K-562 target cells. It was found that NK activity in the @entity3 @entity0 was significantly lower than that in healthy subjects. The reduction was specially marked in the cases of @entity2 at stages I and IV. NK activity in the cases with hepatic or peritoneal @entity1 was significantly lower than that in the cases without such @entity1 . NK activity in the cases of noncurative gastric resection or non-resection was significantly lower than that in the cases of curative gastric resection. NK activity in the cases of stage IV and "por" in histology was significantly lower than that in the cases of stage IV and "tub1" in histology. In the cases at stages I + II, there was a positive correlation between NK activity and IgG FcR(+) T cell ratio. There was a negative correlation between NK activity and alpha 2-globulin ratio and the correlation was especially significant in the cases at stages III + IV. In the cases at stages III + IV, receiving administration of @entity4 only postoperatively, NK activity was significantly reduced or tended to be reduced at 1 through 4 week(s) postoperatively, while such a reduction was not seen in the cases receiving administration of @entity4 pre- and postoperatively. This phenomenon was more marked in the cases showing a serum albumin level lower than 3.5 g/dl or in the cases undergoing operations longer than 4 hours in duration.

title: [Observation on natural killer cell activity in @entity3 XXXX and effect of nonspecific immunopotentiator administration on its postoperative reduction].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity0 with @entity5 , and 3 or more histopathologically proven unilateral metastatic inguinal nodes, and/or extranodal extension, and/or pelvic @entity1 are considered a subgroup with prognostically unfavorable parameters for disease specific @entity4 and local recurrence after inguinal lymphadenectomy. We established radiographic criteria for the preoperative identification of such @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preoperative diagnostic computerized tomography studies of 30 @entity0 with @entity5 with proven unilateral or bilateral lymph node @entity1 were reviewed independently by 2 radiologists blinded for @entity0 data. All computerized tomography images were analyzed per side (60). Several radiographic criteria were assessed for regional lymph nodes with short-axis diameter 8 mm or greater and/or central @entity3 . Sides were characterized as high risk if histopathology revealed 3 or more metastatic inguinal nodes and/or extranodal extension and/or pelvic nodal involvement. RESULTS: Histopathological nodal involvement was found in 38 sides (63%) including 22 sides (37%) defined as high risk. The presence of central @entity3 and/or irregular nodal border of the regional lymph nodes on the preoperative computerized tomography identified the high risk subgroup with a sensitivity of 95% (21 of 22) and a specificity of 82% (31 of 38). All 7 sides falsely designated as high risk harbored inguinal metastases but they were classified as low risk. The interobserver agreement of each radiographic parameter was almost perfect. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of central @entity3 and/or an irregular nodal border of the regional lymph nodes on preoperative computerized tomography images are accurate and reproducible criteria to identify high risk pathological node positive @entity2 . These criteria can be used for risk stratification and @entity0 counseling.

title: Identification of high risk pathological node positive XXXX : value of preoperative computerized tomography imaging.

answer: @entity5


abstract: From 25th April 2009 to 20th January 2010, 771 laboratory confirmed cases of 2009 pandemic @entity9 (H1N1) were admitted to intensive care units (ICU) or hospitalized in medical wards with clinical criteria of severe disease (hospitalized pneumonias, multiorganic failure, @entity7 or admitted to ICU or @entity5 while hospitalized). 82% of cases were hospitalized between epidemiological week 43 and 48 (25th October - 5th December 2009). Median age of @entity0 was 40 years (range 0-89 years) and 56% were males. 38.7% cases were in the 15-44 year age-group, 29.4% in the 45-64 and 21.8% were @entity0 under 15 years of age. 36.8% were admitted to an ICU and 48 died. Underlying conditions were absent in 29% of @entity0 (up to 38% among those under 15 years old). Differences in the prevalence of underlying conditions were found between @entity0 and adults. In @entity0 less than 15 years old, @entity8 (16.2%), other @entity11 (12.7%), @entity4 (10.2%), @entity6 (8.7%) and @entity12 (7.1%) were the most frequent. In adults, @entity10 (14.8%), @entity3 (12.6%), @entity8 (11.5%), @entity1 (11.2%) and morbid @entity2 (10.6%) were the most frequent. Further surveillance is needed to better characterize the epidemiology of this pandemic.

title: Epidemiological analysis of severe hospitalized 2009 pandemic XXXX (H1N1) cases in Catalonia, Spain.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 , dissection and @entity4 are major clinical problems in @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Although b-blockers remain the standard of preventive treatment, preliminary results from animal studies and a selected group of severely affected @entity6 @entity0 show significant benefit from treatment with @entity9 , an @entity7 receptor blocker with @entity8 inhibiting potential. Large-scale @entity0 trials are now needed to confirm these results. This trial aims to evaluate the combined effect of both drugs. METHODS: We are conducting a prospective randomized placebo controlled double blind phase III study aiming to include 174 @entity6 @entity0 (age >=  10 years and z-score >=  2). @entity0 already taking b-blockers are randomized for weight-adjusted treatment with @entity9 versus placebo. The primary endpoint is decrease in aortic root growth rate. Secondary endpoints are aortic dissection/surgery, progression of aortic/ @entity2 , @entity5 , left ventricular systolic/diastolic function, quality of life and genetic modifiers. Echocardiography, vascular echo-Doppler and quality of life assessment will be performed at baseline and at 6-monthly follow-ups for 3 years. MRI evaluation will be performed at baseline and at the end of the trial. CONCLUSION: This trial will study new therapeutic strategies for the prevention of serious @entity1 in @entity6 . The uniqueness in our trial is that the additive effect of @entity9 and b-blocker will be evaluated in a large spectrum of disease severity. A combination of ultrasound and MRI will allow detailed evaluation of anatomic and functional properties of the aorta and left ventricle.

title: The Ghent Marfan Trial--a randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial with XXXX in Marfan @entity0 treated with b-blockers.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 , dissection and @entity4 are major clinical problems in @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Although b-blockers remain the standard of preventive treatment, preliminary results from animal studies and a selected group of severely affected @entity6 @entity0 show significant benefit from treatment with @entity9 , an @entity7 receptor blocker with @entity8 inhibiting potential. Large-scale @entity0 trials are now needed to confirm these results. This trial aims to evaluate the combined effect of both drugs. METHODS: We are conducting a prospective randomized placebo controlled double blind phase III study aiming to include 174 @entity6 @entity0 (age >=  10 years and z-score >=  2). @entity0 already taking b-blockers are randomized for weight-adjusted treatment with @entity9 versus placebo. The primary endpoint is decrease in aortic root growth rate. Secondary endpoints are aortic dissection/surgery, progression of aortic/ @entity2 , @entity5 , left ventricular systolic/diastolic function, quality of life and genetic modifiers. Echocardiography, vascular echo-Doppler and quality of life assessment will be performed at baseline and at 6-monthly follow-ups for 3 years. MRI evaluation will be performed at baseline and at the end of the trial. CONCLUSION: This trial will study new therapeutic strategies for the prevention of serious @entity1 in @entity6 . The uniqueness in our trial is that the additive effect of @entity9 and b-blocker will be evaluated in a large spectrum of disease severity. A combination of ultrasound and MRI will allow detailed evaluation of anatomic and functional properties of the aorta and left ventricle.

title: The Ghent Marfan Trial--a randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial with @entity9 in Marfan XXXX treated with b-blockers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Ten Japanese @entity0 aged 1.5-17years with medication-resistant @entity1 were placed on the modified Atkins diet (MAD) for 3weeks during admission to our hospital. Dietary @entity3 was restricted to 10g per day. We studied the efficacy of the diet regarding the @entity2 frequency and tolerability of the diet at the end of the 3weeks on the diet. Those who decided to continue the MAD at the time of discharge were followed up in the out- @entity0 clinic to observe the effect of the diet on the @entity2 frequency. Three of the 10 @entity0 could not continue the diet during the 3-week admission; one had @entity4 and the other 2 disliked the diet. Among the remaining 7 @entity0 who could continue the diet for 3weeks, 3 achieved the @entity2 reduction; 2 became @entity2 -free and 1 showed about 75% reduction in the @entity2 frequency within 10days on the diet. All of these 3 @entity0 continued the diet after the 3-week admission. The other 4 @entity0 did not show a reduction of the @entity2 frequency by the end of the 3weeks on the diet. Two of them discontinued the diet on discharge. The remaining 2 still continued the diet at home and one became @entity2 -free 3months after the start of the diet. In total, 4 of 10 @entity0 achieved>75% reduction in the @entity2 frequency, although relapse occurred in 2 of the @entity0 , at 5months and 2years after @entity2 reduction, respectively. The MAD was effective and well-tolerated in @entity0 with medication-resistant @entity1 in Japan.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of modified Atkins diet in Japanese @entity0 with medication-resistant XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Ten Japanese @entity0 aged 1.5-17years with medication-resistant @entity1 were placed on the modified Atkins diet (MAD) for 3weeks during admission to our hospital. Dietary @entity3 was restricted to 10g per day. We studied the efficacy of the diet regarding the @entity2 frequency and tolerability of the diet at the end of the 3weeks on the diet. Those who decided to continue the MAD at the time of discharge were followed up in the out- @entity0 clinic to observe the effect of the diet on the @entity2 frequency. Three of the 10 @entity0 could not continue the diet during the 3-week admission; one had @entity4 and the other 2 disliked the diet. Among the remaining 7 @entity0 who could continue the diet for 3weeks, 3 achieved the @entity2 reduction; 2 became @entity2 -free and 1 showed about 75% reduction in the @entity2 frequency within 10days on the diet. All of these 3 @entity0 continued the diet after the 3-week admission. The other 4 @entity0 did not show a reduction of the @entity2 frequency by the end of the 3weeks on the diet. Two of them discontinued the diet on discharge. The remaining 2 still continued the diet at home and one became @entity2 -free 3months after the start of the diet. In total, 4 of 10 @entity0 achieved>75% reduction in the @entity2 frequency, although relapse occurred in 2 of the @entity0 , at 5months and 2years after @entity2 reduction, respectively. The MAD was effective and well-tolerated in @entity0 with medication-resistant @entity1 in Japan.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of modified Atkins diet in Japanese XXXX with medication-resistant @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The physiological and pathophysiological importance of endogenous @entity3 to @entity0 has been recognized in recent years. The signaling mechanisms underlying the multifaceted vascular effects of @entity4 , on the contrary, have been unclear. This article reviews recent literature on cellular and molecular events triggered or modulated by @entity4 in the vascular system over the period of 2009-2010. RECENT FINDINGS: @entity4 causes protein S-sulfhydration. The activation of @entity2 -sensitive K channels (KATP channels) by @entity4 likely occurs as the result of specific @entity1 residues of KATP channel proteins being S-sulfhydrated. Produced in endothelial cells and inducing smooth muscle hyperpolarization, @entity4 appears to functioning as an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor. The inhibition of phosphodiesterases by endogenous @entity4 is an additional exciting discovery, which offers answers for the differential vascular effects of this gasotransmitter due to the tissue-specific distribution of different isozymes of phosphodiesterases. Furthermore, endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells have opposite growth responses to @entity4 stimulation, involving the same sets of signaling molecules. SUMMARY: An array of signaling pathways in vascular tissues is enlisted by endogenous @entity4 . An insightful understanding of these signaling mechanisms would help elucidate the pathogenesis of selective @entity0 and develop related therapeutic interventions by targeting @entity4 metabolism.

title: Signaling pathways for the vascular effects of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 is a histologically distinctive @entity3 , with a well-recognized cytoarchitectural appearance. On occasion, however, @entity5 are known to exhibit unusual morphologic features that may pose diagnostic difficulties. We present the clinical and pathologic details of an @entity1 with an unusual histologic appearance imparted by the presence of large numbers of prominent intracytoplasmic lumens. Morphologically, the @entity0 was composed of uniform polygonal cells with copious amounts of granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm, round nuclei, and prominent nucleoli, exhibiting an organoid pattern of growth. Intracytoplasmic lumina of varying size were present throughout the @entity0 . There were no mitotic figures or areas of @entity2 present. The diagnosis of @entity4 was supported by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. By electron microscopy, the intracytoplasmic lumens appeared as membrane bound spaces with associated microvilli. The presence of intracytoplasmic lumina in a significant proportion of cells is an uncommon feature of @entity5 which can generate problems in diagnosis. Awareness of this phenomenon should allow for improved recognition of @entity4 exhibiting this type of unusual morphology.

title: XXXX prominent intracytoplasmic lumina.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We describe a new technique of endoscopic antireflux surgery. The principle of the procedure is to make a reliable muscular backing and elongate the intramural ureter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed this new endoscopic surgery in 8 female @entity0 in whom 4, 1, 8 and 1 refluxing ureters (total 14) were diagnosed with grades I to IV reflux, respectively. The operation consists of 3 steps. Two 5 mm. locking trocars are placed into the bladder. Irrigation is done with 3% @entity4 solution and the bladder wall is incised upward along each side of the ureter using a resectoscope to make a 2 to 3 cm. U-shaped bladder flap, including the ureter. Under pneumobladder the incised muscle is sutured to make a muscular bed with a needle holder via the urethra and forceps via the abdominal trocar. The U flap is fixed with 2 distal anchor sutures on the embedded muscular layer and 4 additional sutures are placed to approximate the mucosa of the U-shaped flap and bladder. RESULTS: Mean operative time was 245 minutes. @entity2 occurred in 2 @entity0 . A Foley catheter remained indwelling for 3 to 5 days (mean 4.1). Reflux resolved in 12 of the 14 ureters (86%) 12 months postoperatively. @entity3 persisted in 1 case because of insufficient fixation and recurred in 1 because of ureterovesical @entity1 . The @entity0 were satisfied with better cosmesis and minimal postoperative discomfort. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that procedure is feasible for female @entity0 with primary @entity3 .

title: A new endoscopic ureteral reimplantation for primary XXXX (endoscopic trigonoplasty II).

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miRNA) are essential in @entity2 development and invasion. The close association between @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has been previously reported. miRNA  -7  ( @entity8 ) inhibits the translation of @entity7 protein. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the underlying molecular mechanism of @entity8 in @entity0 @entity3 cell lines, to provide a novel therapeutic biomarker of @entity3 in the future. The present study detected the expression of @entity8  in  60  @entity3 tissues by reverse transcription  -quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT  -qPCR). The association between the expression of @entity8 and clinical pathological factors was analyzed. Overexpression/underexpression of @entity8  were established by transfecting miR  -7mimics/inhibitors into HCT  -8 and Caco  -2  cells. The transfected @entity3 cell lines were used in cell viability and scratching assays. The regulation of @entity7 by @entity8 was analyzed by western blotting and RT  -qPCR. It was demonstrated that the expression of @entity8 negatively correlated with @entity6 and @entity2 node @entity1 staging in @entity3 (P<0.05). Inhibition of @entity8 led to an accelerated ability of proliferation and migration in @entity3 cell lines. Additionally, overexpression of @entity8 inhibited the proliferation and migration of @entity3 cells. In addition, it was also observed that @entity8 regulated the proliferation and migration of @entity3 by regulating the protein expression of @entity7 , therefore, regulating the expression of @entity4 and @entity5 . @entity8 inhibited the proliferation and migration of @entity3 cells by regulating @entity7 . These findings suggested that @entity8 may be a novel therapeutic target for @entity3 .

title: MicroRNA  -7 suppresses @entity0 @entity3 invasion and proliferation by targeting the expression of XXXX .

answer: @entity7