abstract: INTRODUCTION: The detection rate and associated factors of at least one sperm in urinary sediment is not well-known in real clinical practice. AIMS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical features associated with the presence of sperm in urinary sediment in a large number of samples. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital. We identified 5,005 males who were aged >= 20 years in whom urinary sedimentation had been performed at least twice between May 2011 and June 2012. The sperm group included @entity0 in whom at least one urinary sediment test performed under a microscope had detected at least one sperm. We evaluated the associations between the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and clinical parameters such as @entity2 and the use of particular oral medicines. MAIN OUTCOMES: In total, 1.6% (339/20,937) of urinary sediment samples contained at least one sperm. The sperm group consisted of 282 subjects (5.6%), and the no-sperm group included 4,723 subjects (94.3%). RESULTS: Multivariate analysis demonstrated that younger age (<65) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-2.21), the total number of examinations (>= 4) (OR: 1.46, 95%CI: 1.11-1.92), @entity1 (OR: 1.72, 95%CI: 1.31-2.25), a history of pelvic surgery for @entity4 (OR: 4.89, 95%CI: 2.38-10.02), @entity6 blocker use (OR: 1.55, 95%CI: 1.16-2.08), a history of trans-urethral resection of the prostate (OR: 2.77, 95%CI: 1.46-5.13), and selective @entity5 reuptake inhibitor use (OR: 2.12, 95%CI: 1.07-4.19) were independent predictors of the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment. CONCLUSION: There is considerable overlap between the factors associated with the presence of at least one sperm in urinary sediment and those that are strongly associated with @entity3 .

title: Clinical Background of XXXX with Sperm in Their Urinary Sediment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine the results of proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint contractures from 4 phase 3 clinical trials of collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) injection for Dupuytren @entity6 . METHODS: @entity0 enrolled in Collagenase Option for Reduction of Dupuytren I/II and JOINT I/II with one or more @entity6 (20   to 80  ) received CCH 0.58 mg/0.20 mL or placebo (Collagenase Option for Reduction of Dupuytren I/II only) injected directly into a palpable cord. The percentage of @entity8 achieving clinical success (0   to 5   of full extension), clinical improvement (50% or more reduction in baseline @entity6 ), and range of motion improvement at 30 days after the first and last CCH injections was assessed. The @entity6 were classified into low (40   or less) and high (more than 40  ) baseline severity. Adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 506 adults (mean age, 63    10 y; 80% male) received 1,165 CCH injections in 644 PIP joint cords (mean, 1.6 injections/cord). Most @entity0 (60%) received 1 injection, with 24%, 16%, and 1% receiving 2, 3, and 4 injections, respectively. Clinical success and clinical improvement occurred in 27% and 49% of @entity8 after one injection and in 34% and 58% after the last injection. @entity0 with lower baseline severity showed greater improvement and response was comparable between fingers, as were improvements in range of motion. Adverse events occurring in more than 10% of @entity0 were @entity1 (58%), contusion (38%), injection site @entity4 (23%), @entity2 (21%), injection site swelling (16%), and @entity5 (13%). This incidence was consistent with data reported in phase 3 trials. Two @entity3 occurred. No further @entity3 occurred after a modified injection technique was adopted. CONCLUSIONS: Collagenase clostridium histolyticum was effective and well tolerated in the short term in @entity0 with @entity7 . TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic II.

title: Efficacy and safety of collagenase clostridium histolyticum in the treatment of proximal interphalangeal joints in dupuytren XXXX : combined analysis of 4 phase 3 clinical trials.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Grading of @entity0 on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is beneficial for selecting @entity1 for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. AIMS: To grade the @entity0 on FNAC using Robinson grading system and to assess the concordance of cytological grading (CG) with histological grading (HG) using Elston-Ellis modification of Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted for 1-year, comprising of 50 female @entity1 attending outpatient departments (OPD) as well as admitted in various surgical wards of a teaching hospital, diagnosed as @entity0 . FNAC smears were stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa and Papanicolaou (Pap) stains and CG was done using Robinson system on Pap stained smears. The results were compared with HG system after resection of @entity2 . RESULTS: Of 50 cases, 14 (28%) cases were graded as grade I, 24 (48%) grade II, and 12 (24%) grade III by CG, whereas 9 (18%), 28 (56%) and 13 (26%) cases were graded as grade I, II and III by HG. The result showed overall 72% concordance of CG with HG, with grade II and grade III showing highest degree of concordance (83.33%), which is comparable to previous studies. Kappa measurement showed a higher degree of agreement in high-grade @entity2 compared with low-grade @entity2 (0.73 in grade III, 0.53 in grade II and 0.39 in grade I). CONCLUSION: Cytological grading is comparable to HG in majority of cases. Because neoadjuvant chemotherapy is becoming increasingly popular as primary treatment modality of @entity0 , CG could be a useful parameter in selecting the mode of therapy and predicting @entity2 behavior.

title: Cytological grading of XXXX on fine needle aspirates and its relation with histological grading.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the @entity0 ( @entity4 ) dose and minimum drug delivery time needed to prevent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in an ex  vivo @entity1 model and evaluate the mechanism of @entity4 -induced cell death. @entity1 lens epithelial cells (LEC) were treated with @entity4 and changes in cell migration, proliferation, and density were monitored over time. @entity4 -treated LEC underwent transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting in the presence or absence of autophagy inhibitors to evaluate the mechanism of cell death. Lens capsules were harvested from @entity1 cadaver eyes for an ex  vivo model of @entity2 . Lens capsules were treated with @entity4 for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 days, and subsequently maintained in culture for a total of 28 days in the absence of drug. @entity4 reduced LEC viability in a dose dependent manner. Morphologically, @entity4 -treated LEC were swollen, had intact nuclei, lacked peripheral chromatin condensation, and demonstrated prominent vacuolization; TEM revealed autophagosomes. LC3-II protein expression and @entity3 orange fluorescence increased in @entity4 -treated cells. A small non-significant induction of cleaved caspase-3 was observed in @entity4 -treated LEC. Lens capsules treated with 5, 6, or 7 days of 10   g/mL @entity4 showed a significant decrease in ex  vivo @entity2 formation; 6 days of drug delivery prevented @entity2 . This study finds that morphologic changes, formation of acidic vesicles, and increased expression of LC3-II supports the hypothesis that @entity4 mediates LEC death via autophagy; this is a novel finding in the lens. Induction of @entity4 -induced apoptosis was minimal. Six days of intracapsular @entity4 drug delivery prevented ex  vivo @entity2 formation.

title: XXXX prevents ex  vivo @entity2 formation through induction of autophagy-mediated cell death.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the @entity0 ( @entity4 ) dose and minimum drug delivery time needed to prevent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in an ex  vivo @entity1 model and evaluate the mechanism of @entity4 -induced cell death. @entity1 lens epithelial cells (LEC) were treated with @entity4 and changes in cell migration, proliferation, and density were monitored over time. @entity4 -treated LEC underwent transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting in the presence or absence of autophagy inhibitors to evaluate the mechanism of cell death. Lens capsules were harvested from @entity1 cadaver eyes for an ex  vivo model of @entity2 . Lens capsules were treated with @entity4 for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 days, and subsequently maintained in culture for a total of 28 days in the absence of drug. @entity4 reduced LEC viability in a dose dependent manner. Morphologically, @entity4 -treated LEC were swollen, had intact nuclei, lacked peripheral chromatin condensation, and demonstrated prominent vacuolization; TEM revealed autophagosomes. LC3-II protein expression and @entity3 orange fluorescence increased in @entity4 -treated cells. A small non-significant induction of cleaved caspase-3 was observed in @entity4 -treated LEC. Lens capsules treated with 5, 6, or 7 days of 10   g/mL @entity4 showed a significant decrease in ex  vivo @entity2 formation; 6 days of drug delivery prevented @entity2 . This study finds that morphologic changes, formation of acidic vesicles, and increased expression of LC3-II supports the hypothesis that @entity4 mediates LEC death via autophagy; this is a novel finding in the lens. Induction of @entity4 -induced apoptosis was minimal. Six days of intracapsular @entity4 drug delivery prevented ex  vivo @entity2 formation.

title: @entity0 prevents ex  vivo XXXX formation through induction of autophagy-mediated cell death.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Complete @entity2 traumatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) can be treated using nerve and musculoskeletal reconstruction procedures. However, these interventions are most viable within certain timeframes, and even then they cannot restore all lost function. Little is known about how @entity0 make decisions regarding surgical treatment or what impediments they face during the decision-making process. Using qualitative methodology, the authors aimed to describe how and why @entity0 elect to pursue or forego surgical reconstruction, identify the barriers precluding adequate information transfer, and determine whether these @entity0 are satisfied with their treatment choices over time. METHODS Twelve @entity0 with total @entity2 @entity3 were interviewed according to a semi-structured guide. The interview transcripts were qualitatively analyzed using the systematic inductive techniques of grounded theory to identify key themes related to the decision-making process and long-term satisfaction with decisions. RESULTS Four decision factors emerged from our analysis: desire to restore function, perceived value of functional gains, weighing the risks and costs of surgery, and having concomitant injuries. Lack of insurance coverage (4 @entity0 ), delayed diagnosis (3 @entity0 ), and insufficient information regarding treatment (4 @entity0 ) prevented @entity0 from making informed decisions and accessing care. Three individuals, all of whom had decided against reconstruction, had regrets about their treatment choices. CONCLUSIONS @entity0 with @entity1 are missing opportunities for reconstruction and often not considering the long-term outcomes of surgery. As more Americans gain health insurance coverage, it is very likely that the number of @entity0 able to pursue reconstruction will increase. The authors recommend implementing clinical pathways to help @entity0 meet critical points in care within the ideal timeframe and using a @entity0 - and family-centered care approach combined with @entity0 decision aids to foster shared decision making, increase access to information, and improve @entity0 satisfaction with decisions. These measures could greatly benefit @entity0 with BPI while reducing costs, improving efficiency, and generating better outcomes.

title: Medical treatment decision making after total XXXX @entity3 : a qualitative study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT Complete @entity2 traumatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) can be treated using nerve and musculoskeletal reconstruction procedures. However, these interventions are most viable within certain timeframes, and even then they cannot restore all lost function. Little is known about how @entity0 make decisions regarding surgical treatment or what impediments they face during the decision-making process. Using qualitative methodology, the authors aimed to describe how and why @entity0 elect to pursue or forego surgical reconstruction, identify the barriers precluding adequate information transfer, and determine whether these @entity0 are satisfied with their treatment choices over time. METHODS Twelve @entity0 with total @entity2 @entity3 were interviewed according to a semi-structured guide. The interview transcripts were qualitatively analyzed using the systematic inductive techniques of grounded theory to identify key themes related to the decision-making process and long-term satisfaction with decisions. RESULTS Four decision factors emerged from our analysis: desire to restore function, perceived value of functional gains, weighing the risks and costs of surgery, and having concomitant injuries. Lack of insurance coverage (4 @entity0 ), delayed diagnosis (3 @entity0 ), and insufficient information regarding treatment (4 @entity0 ) prevented @entity0 from making informed decisions and accessing care. Three individuals, all of whom had decided against reconstruction, had regrets about their treatment choices. CONCLUSIONS @entity0 with @entity1 are missing opportunities for reconstruction and often not considering the long-term outcomes of surgery. As more Americans gain health insurance coverage, it is very likely that the number of @entity0 able to pursue reconstruction will increase. The authors recommend implementing clinical pathways to help @entity0 meet critical points in care within the ideal timeframe and using a @entity0 - and family-centered care approach combined with @entity0 decision aids to foster shared decision making, increase access to information, and improve @entity0 satisfaction with decisions. These measures could greatly benefit @entity0 with BPI while reducing costs, improving efficiency, and generating better outcomes.

title: Medical treatment decision making after total @entity2 XXXX : a qualitative study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Wider adoption of aortic valve repair procedures is held up by the difficulty in recognizing the exact alterations that are responsible for @entity1 . New aortic cusp sizers were developed to assist in aortic valve assessment in the operating theatre. Our objectives were to examine the efficacy of the aortic cusp sizers in establishing the functional classification of @entity1 , and to report the midterm outcome in a group of @entity0 who had undergone aortic valve repair guided by this device. METHODS: A prospective clinical study was performed involving 33 consecutive @entity0 (18 males, age range: 8-74 years) with severe @entity1 (mean severity: 3.4    0.5). The aortic cusp sizers were used as a template to identify existing cusp and root alterations. Consequently, the functional classification of @entity1 was determined, and the appropriate techniques of aortic valve repair were implemented. RESULTS: Aortic valve repair was successful in all @entity0 . Procedures performed were 37 functional aortic annulus corrections, 9 cusp free-edge plications, 2 cusp repairs with autologous pericardium, 9 replacements of the ascending aorta and 2 reimplantation procedures. At a mean follow-up time of 18.3    13.7 months, 1 @entity0 underwent aortic valve replacement for recurrent @entity1 , while aortic valve function remained stable in 32 @entity0 , with @entity1 <1+ in 27 (84.4%) @entity0 and 1-1.5 in 5 (15.6%) @entity0 , and no significant gradients across the aortic valves. CONCLUSIONS: The aortic cusp sizers are valuable in establishing the functional classification of @entity1 , and can guide implementation of aortic valve repair techniques successfully. This approach is analogous to that accredited for the success and wide adoption of mitral valve repair techniques, and is likely to assist in increasing the percentage of aortic valves that are repaired when compared with current practice.

title: Aortic cusp sizers to establish the functional classification of XXXX : algorithm and midterm outcome of operative repair   .

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. Experiments have been carried out to compare @entity1 , mortality and oocyst production in 7 inbred and partially inbred lines of @entity2 after challenge with the coccidial parasites @entity5 and E. maxima. 2. There were large differences between lines in the effects of challenge on @entity1 and mortality for both species of parasite. However, the lines suffering the greatest mortality were not those showing the greatest effects on @entity1 , indicating that mortality alone is not an adequate criterion in selection for resistance. 3. Although oocyst production differed between lines there was no correlation with mortality or with @entity0 , implying that the variation observed in these traits was not due to a restriction of the parasite but to an accommodation of its effects. 4. Mortality and @entity0 resulting from challenge with @entity5 in the different lines did not correlate with that caused by E. maxima. 5. There was evidence of an association of genes of the major histocompatibility complex genes with mortality, but not with @entity0 or oocyst production: there was no indication of association of resistance to @entity3 with resistance to @entity4 .

title: Genetics of resistance to XXXX : response of inbred @entity2 lines to infection by @entity5 and Eimeria maxima.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 1. Experiments have been carried out to compare @entity1 , mortality and oocyst production in 7 inbred and partially inbred lines of @entity2 after challenge with the coccidial parasites @entity5 and E. maxima. 2. There were large differences between lines in the effects of challenge on @entity1 and mortality for both species of parasite. However, the lines suffering the greatest mortality were not those showing the greatest effects on @entity1 , indicating that mortality alone is not an adequate criterion in selection for resistance. 3. Although oocyst production differed between lines there was no correlation with mortality or with @entity0 , implying that the variation observed in these traits was not due to a restriction of the parasite but to an accommodation of its effects. 4. Mortality and @entity0 resulting from challenge with @entity5 in the different lines did not correlate with that caused by E. maxima. 5. There was evidence of an association of genes of the major histocompatibility complex genes with mortality, but not with @entity0 or oocyst production: there was no indication of association of resistance to @entity3 with resistance to @entity4 .

title: Genetics of resistance to @entity3 : response of inbred @entity2 lines to infection by XXXX and Eimeria maxima.

answer: @entity5


abstract: 1. Experiments have been carried out to compare @entity1 , mortality and oocyst production in 7 inbred and partially inbred lines of @entity2 after challenge with the coccidial parasites @entity5 and E. maxima. 2. There were large differences between lines in the effects of challenge on @entity1 and mortality for both species of parasite. However, the lines suffering the greatest mortality were not those showing the greatest effects on @entity1 , indicating that mortality alone is not an adequate criterion in selection for resistance. 3. Although oocyst production differed between lines there was no correlation with mortality or with @entity0 , implying that the variation observed in these traits was not due to a restriction of the parasite but to an accommodation of its effects. 4. Mortality and @entity0 resulting from challenge with @entity5 in the different lines did not correlate with that caused by E. maxima. 5. There was evidence of an association of genes of the major histocompatibility complex genes with mortality, but not with @entity0 or oocyst production: there was no indication of association of resistance to @entity3 with resistance to @entity4 .

title: Genetics of resistance to @entity3 : response of inbred XXXX lines to infection by @entity5 and Eimeria maxima.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is a highly prevalent, yet preventable disease that is commonly overlooked in the adult population. It is strongly related to health-related behaviors and knowledge, and therefore, is potentially receptive to a behavioral health intervention. However, prevention strategies that target health behaviors in adults are fundamentally different from those in @entity0 , whom most current intervention strategies for @entity2 target. This study attempts to pilot design, implement, and assess health behavior intervention tools for adults, in order to improve their oral health. OBJECTIVE: To increase knowledge about @entity2 by 80% and increase positive self-reported oral hygiene behaviors by 80% in low-income adult @entity0 at Interfaith Dental Clinic by piloting novel interventional and educational tools based on the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior. METHODS: A convenience sample of newly registered @entity0 to the Interfaith Dental Clinic between August 2011 and May 2013, were interviewed on each @entity0 's first appointment, exposed to the interventional tools, and subsequently interviewed at their next appointment. A control group, comprised of @entity0 who had completed their caries care as deemed by the clinic and had not been exposed to the interventional tools, were also interviewed on their last appointment before graduating the clinic's program. RESULTS: A total of 112 @entity0 were exposed to the intervention, and forty-two @entity0 comprised the control group. Follow-up for the intervention group was 20.5% (n = 23). Knowledge about the cause of caries increased by 29.9%, and positive self-reported oral hygiene behaviors increased by 25.4%. A Wilcoxon rank sum test showed no significance between the interview scores of the post-intervention group and that of the control group (p = 0.18 for knowledge, p = 0.284 for behaviors). Qualitative results show the vast majority of @entity0 blamed diet for cause of caries, that this @entity0 population prioritized practical advice over factual education, and that flossing was perceived to be the largest barrier to proper oral care, citing @entity1 , lack of time, and technique as common reasons. CONCLUSION: Educational tools based on current models of health behavior theory have the potential to improve @entity0 knowledge and health behaviors, while also remaining low-cost and convenient for clinical use.

title: The role of health behavior in preventing XXXX in resource-poor adults: a pilot intervention.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Retinal nerve fibre layer photographs were obtained from sixty-three @entity0 , (113 eyes), attending a @entity2 suspect clinic at Moorfields Eye Hospital. These photographs were studied following masking of the optic disc. Interobserver error was good. Intraobserver error following a six-month 'learning period' showed changes in identification of nerve fibre layer defects occurring as a result of the learning process. Humphrey threshold fields on the 113 eyes were independently scored as abnormals, suspect or normal. A good correlation existed between defects visible on the retinal nerve fibre layer photograph and 'abnormal' visual fields. Retinal nerve fibre layer photography is possible in @entity2 @entity0 with clear optical media whose pupils permit full @entity3 . It seems to supplement other methods of assessing the early @entity2 @entity0 . It may be of value in sequential follow-up. It would seem to be of little value in the majority of elderly @entity2 @entity0 who would have @entity1 in the optical media.

title: Retinal nerve fibre layer photography in glaucomatous XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess levels of @entity0 , @entity2 , loneliness, burnout and job satisfaction among paediatric Residents, and how they influence each other. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, and Konya Meram Education and Research Hospital, @entity1 from January to June 2011, and comprised paediatric Residents and their counterparts from other departments who formed the control group. While maintaining confidentiality, a questionnaire was used to collect data that had elements of the University of California, Los Angeles, Loneliness Scale, Hospital Anxiety and @entity2 Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire. SPSS version 13 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Overall there were 74 Residents in the study; 43 (58%) working with the paediatrics department, and 31 (42%) in the control group. Overall mean age was 27.60    2.25 years. Residents who were not satisfied with the city they were living in, with their professional career and who would not choose the same career given a second chance were feeling more lonely and had higher loneliness scores (p < 0.05). In contrast, @entity0 among female Residents who were unsatisfied with their professional career and working conditions was significantly high (p < 0.05). Positive correlation was detected between the burnout levels of Residents and their @entity0 , @entity2 and loneliness scores (r = 0.74; r = 0.65; r = 0.36). In terms of @entity3 , there was an obvious negative correlation (r = -0.57; r = -0.54; r = -0.61). CONCLUSION: Working conditions and professional liability were the main factors affecting the Residents. Informed decision and career willingness may help them feel better.

title: A sample of paediatric residents' XXXX with probable affecting factors.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In this paper, 487 cases of @entity5 , 387 (79.5%) benign and 100 (20.5%) malignant, were analysed clinicopathologically. @entity1 was divided into three types: papillary, follicular and atypical @entity6 ; @entity1 into five types: papillary, follicular, undifferentiated, medullary and squamous @entity1 . In the benign variety, follicular @entity6 had the highest incidence (98.2%) and in the @entity1 , @entity1 ranked first (62%). In this series, there were two cases of carcino- @entity4 . The sex ratio of male and female was 1:1.62 for the whole series, 1:1.70 for benign and 1:1.38 for @entity1 . The peak age was 21 to 40 years with a median of 35 for benign and 31 to 50 years with a median of 43 for @entity1 . For @entity7 , the @entity0 over 40 years of age comprised 50%. The typing of benign and @entity1 is discussed. It is proposed that the @entity1 be classified according to histomorphology. @entity2 by immunohistochemical technic or neural secretory granules by electron microscopy gives the most reliable evidence to diagnosis of the @entity3 .

title: [Clinicopathologic analysis of 487 XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: 114 @entity0 with primary @entity9 were treated in our hospital from 1958 to 1978. It accounted for 0.83% of all gynecological @entity1 in the same period. The youngest was 26 years of age, the oldest 75. @entity0 40-59 years comprised 61.4%. 33% of @entity0 had wedding age under 17. 63.4% had more than 4 pregnancies and 58.4% gave more than 4 births. 89.69% was diagnosed as @entity7 , 7.2% as @entity3 , 2.06% as @entity2 and 1 as @entity2 . The @entity1 occurred frequently in the upper third and posterior wall of the vagina (60% and 68%). In this series, there were 21 stage I, 29 stage II, 61 stage III and 3 stage IV lesions. 110 @entity0 were treated by radiotherapy in different schemes. Intracavitary radium or @entity10 plus 60Co external irradiation by four fields gave better result with a 5 year survival rate of 66.1%. Only 2 out of 12 @entity0 were cured by 60Co rotation alone but if supplemented by intracavitary radium or @entity10 , the cure rate was increased. The 5 year survival rate was 71.4% for stage I, 62.1% for stage II, 42.6% for stage III and O for stage IV. After the radiotherapy, @entity8 developed in 1 @entity0 , @entity5 in 1. 14% was complicated with @entity4 and 8.18% with @entity6 .

title: [Report on 114 primary XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 dehydrogenase C4 (LDH-C4) is considered to be a good target protein for the development of contraceptive drugs. To develop contraceptive rodenticide against pika ( @entity5 ) LDH-C4, the pika LDH-C gene was cloned and expressed in @entity0 . The recombinant protein was purified and characterized. The cDNA of pika LDH-C gene was cloned by RACE method. The cDNA was 1498 bp in length containing an ORF of 996 bp which encoded a polypeptide of 332 @entity2 . The ORF of pika LDH-C was introduced in @entity0 and expressed with no fusion tags added. The recombinant LDH-C4 protein was purified by heating, affinity chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. The recombinant pika LDH-C4 was a tetramer with a molecular weight of approximately 140 kDa, and it had temperature-dependent catalytic activity, as it was thermally stable up to 60 degrees C. The optimal pH values in the forward and backward reactions were around 7.48 and 10.28, respectively. The apparent Michaelis constants for @entity3 and @entity1 were 51.2 +/- 3.8 and 8568.8 +/- 409 microM respectively. The inhibition constant for @entity4 was 11.8 +/- 3.5 mM. This study laid a solid foundation for contraceptive rodenticide development against pika LDH-C4.

title: [Cloning and characterization of XXXX dehydrogenase C4 from pika @entity5 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 dehydrogenase C4 (LDH-C4) is considered to be a good target protein for the development of contraceptive drugs. To develop contraceptive rodenticide against pika ( @entity5 ) LDH-C4, the pika LDH-C gene was cloned and expressed in @entity0 . The recombinant protein was purified and characterized. The cDNA of pika LDH-C gene was cloned by RACE method. The cDNA was 1498 bp in length containing an ORF of 996 bp which encoded a polypeptide of 332 @entity2 . The ORF of pika LDH-C was introduced in @entity0 and expressed with no fusion tags added. The recombinant LDH-C4 protein was purified by heating, affinity chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. The recombinant pika LDH-C4 was a tetramer with a molecular weight of approximately 140 kDa, and it had temperature-dependent catalytic activity, as it was thermally stable up to 60 degrees C. The optimal pH values in the forward and backward reactions were around 7.48 and 10.28, respectively. The apparent Michaelis constants for @entity3 and @entity1 were 51.2 +/- 3.8 and 8568.8 +/- 409 microM respectively. The inhibition constant for @entity4 was 11.8 +/- 3.5 mM. This study laid a solid foundation for contraceptive rodenticide development against pika LDH-C4.

title: [Cloning and characterization of @entity1 dehydrogenase C4 from pika XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: The minimal access retrosigmoid endoscopic approach to @entity4 ( @entity4 ) resection has been used with promising results. However, it has not been compared with the standard open approach in the literature. We performed a meta-analysis review for all articles describing both approaches for @entity4 from 1996 to 2011. We found 1861 articles. After review and discussion, we narrowed our study to 25 articles, 4 endoscopic and 21 open. The total number of @entity0 was 3026 for open and 790 for endoscopic. The mean @entity1 sizes in the open and endoscopic series were 2.5 cm and 2.7 cm, respectively. Good facial nerve outcome was achieved in 67% of the open series @entity0 and in 94% of the endoscopic series @entity0 . Other outcomes in the open and endoscopic series were the following: gross total resection, 91% versus 97%; functional hearing, 22.6% versus 46%; wound @entity3 , 1.3% versus 2.6%; and recurrence, 5.4% versus 2.2%. We acknowledge the limitations of our study, but we can state that the endoscopic approach is not inferior to the standard open approach. In expert hands the endoscopic approach can offer as good a result as the open, with potential benefits such as @entity2 and a shorter length of stay in the hospital. There is a need for more controlled studies for a definitive comparison.

title: Facial Nerve Outcome after XXXX Resection: A Comparative Meta-Analysis of Endoscopic versus Open Retrosigmoid Approach.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Mild @entity2 (mTBI) occurs from a closed-head impact. Often referred to as concussion, about 20% of cases complain of secondary psychological sequelae, such as @entity5 . Known as @entity6 ( @entity6 ), these problems can severely disrupt the @entity0 's quality of life. Changes in local spectral power, particularly low-frequency amplitude increases and/or peak alpha slowing have been reported in mTBI, but large-scale connectivity metrics based on inter-regional amplitude correlations relevant for integration and segregation in functional brain networks, and their association with disorders in @entity1 and behaviour, remain relatively unexplored. Here, we used non-invasive neuroimaging with magnetoencephalography to examine functional connectivity in a resting-state protocol in a group with mTBI (n  =  20), and a control group (n  =  21). We observed a trend for atypical slow-wave power changes in subcortical, temporal and parietal regions in mTBI, as well as significant long-range increases in amplitude envelope correlations among deep-source, temporal, and frontal regions in the delta, theta, and alpha bands. Subsequently, we conducted an exploratory analysis of patterns of connectivity most associated with variability in secondary symptoms of mTBI, including inattention, @entity3 , and @entity4 . Differential patterns of altered resting state neurophysiological network connectivity were found across frequency bands. This indicated that multiple network and frequency specific alterations in large scale brain connectivity may contribute to overlapping cognitive sequelae in mTBI. In conclusion, we show that local spectral power content can be supplemented with measures of correlations in amplitude to define general networks that are atypical in mTBI, and suggest that certain cognitive difficulties are mediated by disturbances in a variety of alterations in network interactions which are differentially expressed across canonical neurophysiological frequency ranges.

title: Low-frequency connectivity is associated with mild XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Disrupted cortical connectivity is thought to underlie the complex cognitive and behavior profile observed in individuals with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Previous neuroimaging research has identified patterns of both functional hypo- and @entity4 in individuals with @entity1 . A recent theory attempting to reconcile conflicting results in the literature proposes that @entity4 of brain networks may be more characteristic of young @entity0 with @entity1 , while hypo-connectivity may be more prevalent in adolescents and adults with the disorder when compared to @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (Uddin etal., 2013). Previous work has examined only young @entity0 , mixed groups of @entity0 and adolescents, or adult cohorts in separate studies, leaving open the question of developmental influences on functional brain connectivity in @entity1 . METHODS: The current study tests this developmental hypothesis by examining within- and between-network resting state functional connectivity in a large sample of 26 @entity0 , 28 adolescents, and 18 adults with @entity1 and age- and IQ-matchedTD individuals for the first time using an entirely data-driven approach. Independent component analyses (ICA) and dual regression was applied to data from three age cohorts to examine the effects of @entity0 age on patterns of within-networkwhole-brain functional connectivity in individuals with @entity1 compared with @entity2 individuals. Between-network connectivity differences were examined for each age cohort by comparing correlations between ICA components across groups. RESULTS: We find that in the youngest cohort (age 11 and under), @entity0 with @entity1 exhibit @entity4 within large-scale brain networks as well as decreased between-network connectivity compared with age-matchedTD @entity0 . In contrast, adolescents with @entity1 (age 11-18) do not differ from @entity2 adolescents in within-network connectivity, yet show decreased between-network connectivity compared with @entity2 adolescents. Adults with @entity1 show no within- or between-network differences in functional network connectivity compared with neurotypical age-matched individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Characterizing within- and between-network functional connectivity in age-stratified cohorts of individuals with @entity1 and @entity2 individuals demonstrates that functional connectivity atypicalities in the disorder are not uniform across the lifespan. These results demonstrate how explicitly characterizing @entity0 age and adopting a developmental perspective can lead to a more nuanced understanding of atypicalities of functional brain connectivity in @entity3 .

title: Developmental changes in large-scale network connectivity in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: 1. Extracellular recordings were made from 123 synaptically activated neurones in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the @entity4 -anaesthetized cat. 2. Ninety-one neurones were activated by electrical stimulation of cardiac or pulmonary vagal branches and thirty-two by stimulation of the aortic nerve. 3. Ionophoretic application of @entity2 abolished or markedly reduced the evoked or spontaneous activity of each neurone tested. These inhibitory effects were antagonized by the simultaneous ionophoretic application of @entity1 . 4. @entity3 inhibited the evoked activity of 60% of neurones tested. This inhibition could be antagonized by the simultaneous application of @entity0 . 5. Application of @entity1 alone increased the evoked or spontaneous activity of a large proportion of the neurones; @entity0 alone had no significant effect on the evoked or spontaneous activity of the neurones. 6. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that @entity2 acts as an inhibitory transmitter substance within the nucleus tractus solitarius.

title: A XXXX -mediated inhibition of neurones in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the cat.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Reversible @entity3 was produced in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) by occluding both common carotid arteries. After 5 min @entity0 brains were recirculated for 8, 24, 48, 72, or 96 h. An additional 6 animals were subjected to 10 min @entity0 and 24 h recirculation. Sham-operated animals served as controls. At the end of the experiments, brains were frozen in situ and cut in a cryostat. Coronal sections, 10 micron thick, were taken for histological staining. In addition, tissue samples (2-4 mg each) were taken from the cortex, lateral caudoputamen, @entity2 -layer of the hippocampus, and thalamus. @entity4 ( @entity7 , @entity6 , and the precursor @entity5 ) were measured in these samples using reverse-phase HPLC and fluorescence detection after extraction and precolumn derivatization. Five-minute @entity3 had no effect on the levels of @entity5 , @entity7 , or @entity6 . However, following recirculation, @entity5 increased markedly with time, being most pronounced in the @entity2 -subfield of the hippocampus, less so in the cortex, and even less so in the thalamus. After prolonged recirculation, severe @entity1 could be observed only in regions exhibiting high @entity5 levels. @entity7 or @entity6 did not change during recirculation, except in severely damaged regions: Here, @entity6 levels were markedly reduced following prolonged recirculation. The post-ischemic increase in @entity5 is discussed in respect to the known multiple activities of @entity5 .

title: Regional profile of XXXX in reversible @entity3 of Mongolian gerbils.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Reversible @entity3 was produced in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) by occluding both common carotid arteries. After 5 min @entity0 brains were recirculated for 8, 24, 48, 72, or 96 h. An additional 6 animals were subjected to 10 min @entity0 and 24 h recirculation. Sham-operated animals served as controls. At the end of the experiments, brains were frozen in situ and cut in a cryostat. Coronal sections, 10 micron thick, were taken for histological staining. In addition, tissue samples (2-4 mg each) were taken from the cortex, lateral caudoputamen, @entity2 -layer of the hippocampus, and thalamus. @entity4 ( @entity7 , @entity6 , and the precursor @entity5 ) were measured in these samples using reverse-phase HPLC and fluorescence detection after extraction and precolumn derivatization. Five-minute @entity3 had no effect on the levels of @entity5 , @entity7 , or @entity6 . However, following recirculation, @entity5 increased markedly with time, being most pronounced in the @entity2 -subfield of the hippocampus, less so in the cortex, and even less so in the thalamus. After prolonged recirculation, severe @entity1 could be observed only in regions exhibiting high @entity5 levels. @entity7 or @entity6 did not change during recirculation, except in severely damaged regions: Here, @entity6 levels were markedly reduced following prolonged recirculation. The post-ischemic increase in @entity5 is discussed in respect to the known multiple activities of @entity5 .

title: Regional profile of @entity4 in reversible XXXX of Mongolian gerbils.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Some studies have suggested that childhood-onset @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is characterized by extensive intestinal involvement and rapid progression to complications. Here, we report the presentation and progression of @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 during childhood in a population-based cohort from northern Stockholm County. METHODS: Medical records for all 280 @entity0 diagnosed in the period 1990-2007 with childhood-onset @entity1 in northern Stockholm County were followed until 2011 (median follow-up time, 8.8 yr). Disease phenotypes were classified according to the Paris pediatric @entity1 classification. RESULTS: Among the 74 @entity0 with @entity3 , 72% presented with pancolitis. Among the 200 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 75% presented with @entity4 . Complicated disease behavior was observed in 18% of @entity0 with @entity2 by end of follow-up. Extension of the disease territory was observed in 22% of @entity0 with @entity3 and 15% of @entity0 with @entity2 . The cumulative risk of intra-abdominal surgery after 10 years was 8% (95% confidence interval, 4%-20%) for @entity3 and 22% (95% confidence interval, 15%-28%) for @entity0 with @entity2 . Nonmucosal healing at 1 year was associated with a complicated disease course in @entity0 with @entity2 (hazard ratio = 14.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.79-118.68; P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with childhood-onset @entity1 were characterized by extensive @entity4 that was relatively stable over time and associated with a relatively low risk of complications and abdominal surgery. Our findings confirm the more extensive disease location in pediatric @entity1 but did not identify the proposed dynamic and aggressive nature of the childhood-onset phenotype. The association of nonmucosal healing with a complicated disease course suggests that endoscopy should guide treatment intensity in childhood-onset @entity2 .

title: Presentation and Progression of Childhood-Onset XXXX in Northern Stockholm County.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 50-year-old @entity0 was admitted to the hospital with left shoulder and arm discomfort. He had no recent history of change in his energy level, limitations to activity, exertional @entity5 , or @entity8 . He had cardiac risk factors, including a strong family history of pre-mature @entity3 and @entity9 . He had a @entity7 in 2003 with a positive troponin I, but had a negative cardiac workup, including cardiac catheterization that showed luminal irregularities and no significant @entity3 . An echocardiogram was performed to rule out potential cardiac causes for shoulder @entity1 and showed regional wall motion abnormalities. Follow-up cardiac catheterization revealed left anterior descending artery proximal and mid dissection and a long area of dissection in the first diagonal branch. Laboratory evaluation showed significant platelet elevation and positive @entity10 study. Ultrasound of the abdomen revealed moderate @entity2 . The enlarged spleen, positive @entity10 study, and persistently elevated platelet count confirmed the diagnosis of @entity11 . @entity11 can predispose individuals to @entity4 and damage, which may contribute to @entity3 . With this case, we propose that @entity11 should be excluded in the presence of coronary dissection and @entity6 .

title: Coronary dissection in a @entity0 with essential XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: A 50-year-old @entity0 was admitted to the hospital with left shoulder and arm discomfort. He had no recent history of change in his energy level, limitations to activity, exertional @entity5 , or @entity8 . He had cardiac risk factors, including a strong family history of pre-mature @entity3 and @entity9 . He had a @entity7 in 2003 with a positive troponin I, but had a negative cardiac workup, including cardiac catheterization that showed luminal irregularities and no significant @entity3 . An echocardiogram was performed to rule out potential cardiac causes for shoulder @entity1 and showed regional wall motion abnormalities. Follow-up cardiac catheterization revealed left anterior descending artery proximal and mid dissection and a long area of dissection in the first diagonal branch. Laboratory evaluation showed significant platelet elevation and positive @entity10 study. Ultrasound of the abdomen revealed moderate @entity2 . The enlarged spleen, positive @entity10 study, and persistently elevated platelet count confirmed the diagnosis of @entity11 . @entity11 can predispose individuals to @entity4 and damage, which may contribute to @entity3 . With this case, we propose that @entity11 should be excluded in the presence of coronary dissection and @entity6 .

title: Coronary dissection in a XXXX with essential @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The totally extraperitoneal (TEP) approach for surgical repair of @entity1 has emerged as a popular technique. We conducted a prospective randomised trial to compare @entity0 comfort scores using different mesh types and fixation using this technique. Over a 14 month period, 146 @entity0 underwent 232 TEP @entity1 . We compared the comfort scores of @entity0 who underwent these procedures using different types of mesh and fixation. A non-absorbable 15  *  10  cm anatomical mesh fixed with absorbable tacks (Control group) was compared with either a non-absorbable 15  *  10  cm folding slit mesh with absorbable tacks (Group 2), a partially-absorbable 15  *  10  cm mesh with absorbable tacks (Group 3) or a non-absorbable 15  *  10  cm anatomical mesh fixed with 2  ml fibrin sealant (Group 4). Outcomes were compared at 1, 2, 4 and 12 weeks using the Carolina Comfort Scale (CCS) scores. At 1, 2, 4 and 12 weeks, the median global CCS scores were low for all treatment groups. Statistically significant differences were seen only for median CCS scores and subscores with the use of partially-absorbable mesh with absorbable tacks (Group 3) at weeks 2 and 4. However, these were no longer significant at week 12. In this study, the TEP @entity1 repair with minimal fixation results in low CCS scores. There were no statistical differences in CCS scores when comparing types of mesh, configuration of the mesh or fixation methods.

title: A prospective randomised trial comparing mesh types and fixation in totally extraperitoneal XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Persistent smoking after a @entity1 diagnosis has adverse effects. Most smoking cessation interventions focus on individual behaviors; however, family members who smoke are major barriers to success. This article describes challenges and lessons learned related to recruitment and retention to a longitudinal, dyadic-centered smoking cessation intervention study for individuals confronting a new diagnosis of @entity1 and their family members who smoke. METHODS: A prospective, one-group repeated measures, mixed-method feasibility study measured recruitment, retention, adherence, and acceptability over a 6-month period in a thoracic surgery clinic at a university @entity1 center. A multidisciplinary, multi-component decision aid-" @entity2 Free Family"-was used to intervene with the dyads. Study recruitment occurred preoperatively with a thoracic surgery team member assessing smoking status. RESULTS: During the 6-month recruitment period, 50 @entity0 who smoked were screened, and 18 eligible families were approached to participate. Sixteen @entity0 (8 dyads) enrolled. @entity0 were all male, and participating family members were all female-either spouses or long-term girlfriends. Others types of family members declined participation. CONCLUSION: Recruitment was lower than anticipated (44%), retention was high (100%), and maximizing convenience was the most important retention strategy. Oncology nurses can assess the smoking status of @entity0 and family members, facilitate understanding about the benefits of cessation, refer those willing to stop to expert resources, and help motivate those unwilling to quit. Research is needed to continue developing strategies to help @entity0 with @entity1 and their families facing surgery as an impetus for stopping smoking. Novel intervention delivery and communication need further exploration.

title: Recruiting family dyads facing XXXX surgery: Challenges and lessons learned from a smoking cessation intervention.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Many different types of toxins are produced by the fungus, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler. Little is known, however, regarding the influence of these toxins on insects. In this study, we investigated the toxin-induced inhibitory effects of the toxin produced by A. alternata on the rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosivorum, when the toxin was applied to leaves of the rose, Rosa chinensis. The results demonstrated that the purified crude toxin was non-harmful to rose plants and rose aphids, but had an intensive inhibitory effect on the multiplication of aphids. The inhibitory index against rose aphids reached 87.99% when rose plants were sprayed with the toxin solution at a low concentration. Further results from bioassays with aphids and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses demonstrated that @entity1 ( @entity0 ) was one of the most important resistance-related active components in the crude toxin. The content of @entity0 was 0.1199% in the crude toxin under the HPLC method. Similar to the crude toxin, the inhibitory index of pure @entity0 reached 83.60% 15 d after the rose plants were sprayed with pure @entity0 solution at the lower concentration of 0.060  g/ml, while the contents of residual @entity0 on the surface and in the inner portion of the rose plants were only 0.04 and 0.00 ng/g fresh weight of @entity0 -treated rose twigs, respectively, 7 d after the treatment. Our results show that @entity0 , an active component in the A. alternata toxin, can induce the indirect plant-mediated responses in rose plants to intensively enhance the plant's resistances against rose aphids, and the results are very helpful to understand the plant-mediated interaction between fungi and insects on their shared host plants.

title: Alternaria toxin-induced resistance in rose plants against rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosivorum): effect of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and glycated albumin(GA) in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: One @entity3 @entity0 were divided into @entity2 and no- @entity2 group by Hb 110 g/L. The no- @entity2 group was further divided into low albumin (serum albumin <30 g/L), and high albumin group (serum albumin 30-<40 g/L). One @entity4 without @entity3 were included as control group (T2DM). HbA1c, GA, fasting plasma @entity1 (FPG), postprandial 2h plasma @entity1 (2hPG) were collected for statistical analysis. RESULTS: (1) The HbA1c level in @entity3 with @entity2 tended lower than that in T2DM subjects [(6.76  2.20)% vs (7.34  1.23)%, P=0.06]; though the level of GA [(19.10  7.47)% vs (16.68  2.90)%, P<0.01] and 2hPG [(12.09  3.39) mmol/L vs (10.84  2.95) mmol/L, P<0.05] were significantly higher than that in T2DM group. (2) No- @entity2 subjects in @entity3 group with albumin <30 g/L had obviously higher GA levels than those with albumin 30-<40 g/L and T2DM (albumin>= 40 g/L) [(18.79  2.28)% vs (16.71  2.42)% and (16.73  2.96)%, P<0.01]; though the level of HbA1c of three groups above has no significant difference. (3) The level of HbA1c between @entity3 without @entity2 group and T2DM group had no significant difference (P>0.05); and the level of GA between @entity3 without @entity2 group with albumin 30-<40 g/L and T2DM group had no significant difference (P>0.05). (4) The HbA1c has a positive correlation with FPG and 2hPG in @entity3 (FPG:r=0.45, P<0.001; 2hPG:r=0.33, P=0.001) and T2DM subjects (FPG: r=0.76, P<0.001; 2hPG: r=0.81, P<0.001). GA also has a positive correlation with FPG and 2hPG in @entity3 (FPG: r=0.48, P<0.001; 2hPG: r=0.39, P<0.001) and T2DM subjects (FPG: r=0.74, P<0.001; 2hPG: r=0.76, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: It is unfavorable to use HbA1c to evaluate the blood @entity1 level in @entity3 @entity0 with Hb<110 g/L and to use GA in patients with serum albumin <30 g/L.

title: [The clinical application of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c and glycated albumin values in cirrhosis @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and glycated albumin(GA) in @entity5 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: One @entity3 @entity0 were divided into @entity2 and no- @entity2 group by Hb 110 g/L. The no- @entity2 group was further divided into low albumin (serum albumin <30 g/L), and high albumin group (serum albumin 30-<40 g/L). One @entity4 without @entity3 were included as control group (T2DM). HbA1c, GA, fasting plasma @entity1 (FPG), postprandial 2h plasma @entity1 (2hPG) were collected for statistical analysis. RESULTS: (1) The HbA1c level in @entity3 with @entity2 tended lower than that in T2DM subjects [(6.76  2.20)% vs (7.34  1.23)%, P=0.06]; though the level of GA [(19.10  7.47)% vs (16.68  2.90)%, P<0.01] and 2hPG [(12.09  3.39) mmol/L vs (10.84  2.95) mmol/L, P<0.05] were significantly higher than that in T2DM group. (2) No- @entity2 subjects in @entity3 group with albumin <30 g/L had obviously higher GA levels than those with albumin 30-<40 g/L and T2DM (albumin>= 40 g/L) [(18.79  2.28)% vs (16.71  2.42)% and (16.73  2.96)%, P<0.01]; though the level of HbA1c of three groups above has no significant difference. (3) The level of HbA1c between @entity3 without @entity2 group and T2DM group had no significant difference (P>0.05); and the level of GA between @entity3 without @entity2 group with albumin 30-<40 g/L and T2DM group had no significant difference (P>0.05). (4) The HbA1c has a positive correlation with FPG and 2hPG in @entity3 (FPG:r=0.45, P<0.001; 2hPG:r=0.33, P=0.001) and T2DM subjects (FPG: r=0.76, P<0.001; 2hPG: r=0.81, P<0.001). GA also has a positive correlation with FPG and 2hPG in @entity3 (FPG: r=0.48, P<0.001; 2hPG: r=0.39, P<0.001) and T2DM subjects (FPG: r=0.74, P<0.001; 2hPG: r=0.76, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: It is unfavorable to use HbA1c to evaluate the blood @entity1 level in @entity3 @entity0 with Hb<110 g/L and to use GA in patients with serum albumin <30 g/L.

title: [The clinical application of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c and glycated albumin values in cirrhosis XXXX with @entity5 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the presentation patterns, biologically vulnerable @entity0 groups and treatment strategies of @entity2 . METHODS: The retrospective study was conducted at the Rheumatology Clinic of Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, and comprised data of rheumatology @entity0 who presented between September 2006 and September 2012. After screening all the files, @entity2 cases were identified. Data collection was done using a questionnaire that included @entity0 demographics, co-morbidities, clinical manifestations and drug therapy. SPSS 13 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Of the 2300 files screened, 500(21.7%) related to @entity0 of @entity2 . The mean age at presentation of these 500 @entity0 was 41  15 years. There were 367(73.4%) @entity0 and they presented at an earlier age compared to @entity0 (p<0.024). Erosions were present in 198(40%) @entity0 on X-rays and 22(4.4%) had @entity1 . @entity2 was associated with higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels (p<0.014), but did not differ from seronegative @entity2 in terms of Disease Activity Score-28 levels (p<0.21). CONCLUSIONS: The skewed gender distribution was likely an effect of @entity2 biology rather than due to issues of healthcare accessibility. Seronegative RA is likely to present late though it is as destructive as the seropositive disease.

title: XXXX clinical features and management strategies at an urban tertiary facility in Pakistan.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 is the third most common @entity1 in the world, a small fraction of which is represented by locally advanced @entity1 (LARC). If not medically contraindicated, preoperative chemoradiotherapy, represent the standard of care for LARC @entity0 . Unfortunately, @entity0 shows a wide range of response rates in which approximately 20% has a complete pathological response, whereas in 20 to 40% the response is poor or absent. RESULTS: The following specific gene signature, able to discriminate responders' @entity0 from non-responders, were founded: @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity7 and @entity9 . These genes are mainly involved in immune system pathways and interact with drugs traditionally used in the adjuvant treatment of @entity1 . DISCUSSION: The present study suggests that new ideas for therapy could be found not only limited to studying genes differentially expressed between the two groups of @entity0 but deepening the mechanisms, associated to response, in which they are involved. METHODS: Gene expression studies performed by: Agostini et al., Rimkus et al. and Kim et al. have been merged through a meta-analysis of the raw data. Gene expression data-sets have been processed using A-MADMAN. Common differentially expressed gene (DEG) were identified through SAM analysis. To further characterize the identified DEG we deeply investigated its biological role using an integrative computational biology approach.

title: An integrative approach for the identification of prognostic and predictive biomarkers in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The incarceration of @entity5 is very rare. We present a case of a four-year-old @entity0 who developed the incarceration of left-sided @entity5 , who, until then, was completely asymptomatic. This incarceration of the @entity2 represented a surgical emergency presenting as obstructive ileus and a severe @entity3 which developed from what appeared to be full health. During a brief pre-operative examination a number of differential diagnoses were suggested. Along with the laboratory blood analysis (complete blood count and acid-base balance) a plain @entity4 and abdominal radiography was done (babygram). After that, through an inserted nasal-gastric tube, barium meal of the upper gastrointestinal tract was done, showing abdominal organs in the left half of the thorax and a significant shift of the mediastinum to the right. With an urgent upper medial laparotomy we accessed the abdominal cavity and made the correct diagnosis. An opening was shown in the rear part of the left hemi-diaphragm with thickened and @entity1 edges, approx. 6 cm in diameter with incarcerated content. The incarcerated abdominal organs (stomach, transversal colon, small intestine and spleen) gradually moved into the abdominal cavity. The opening was closed with nonresorptive sutures (TiCron) size 2-0 with aprevious control and ventilated expansion of the well-developed left lung. In postoperative course the acid-base balance quickly recovered, as well as the general state of the @entity0 and radiography showed a good expansion and lucency of the lung parenchyma and a return of the mediastinum into the middle part of the thorax.

title: Incarcerated XXXX --differential diagnoses.

answer: @entity5


abstract: 538 @entity0 strains were isolated from dark chestnut soil collected from under the plants of the legume family (Fabaceae). The greatest number of microorganisms is found at soil depth 10-20cm. Among the 538 strains of @entity0 77 (14.3%) strains demonstrated the ability to synthesize @entity1 . 15 strains were attributed to high @entity1 -producing @entity0 (above 10 g/ml). The most active strains were YA05 with 51.7  2.1 g/ml of @entity1 and YR07 with 45.3  1.5 g/ml. In the study of effect of incubation time on @entity1 production the maximum accumulation of @entity1 coincided with maximum rates of biomass: at 120h for YR07 and at 144h for strain YA05. @entity1 production increased when medium was supplemented with the @entity2 . 400 g/ml of @entity2 showed maximum @entity1 production. 10 strains demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth and development of phytopathogenic fungi. YA05 and YR07 strains formed the largest zones of inhibition compared to the other strains - from 21.6  0.3 to 30.6  0.5mm. Maximum zone of inhibition was observed for YA05 against Phytophtora infestans and YR07 strains against @entity3 . YA05 and YR07 strains were identified as Aureobasidium pullulans YA05 (GenBank accession No JF160955) and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa YR07 (GenBank accession No JF160956).

title: Plant growth-promoting and antifungal activity of XXXX from dark chestnut soil.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, aldolase, enolase and @entity5 kinase were studied in @entity0 tissues, in comparison to @entity4 and normal breast tissues. The enzyme activities in @entity0 were significantly increased compared to normal and benign breast tissues (p less than 0.001). Also the increase in activity in benign disease compared to normal was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). Within the group of benign diseases, @entity3 could be distinguished from @entity6 , the former generally showing higher activities compared to the latter (p less than or equal to 0.05). @entity2 subgroups, classified according to their histology, could not be recognized enzymologically. In addition, isozyme composition of @entity5 kinase and enolase was studied. We did not find a significant shift towards K type @entity5 kinase expression in benign disease compared to normal breast tissues. Also @entity3 did not differ from @entity6 . However, the amount of K type @entity5 kinase in @entity2 proved to be significantly higher in comparison to benign disease and normal breast tissues (p less than 0.001). Expression of alpha gamma-enolase in normal breast tissue was virtually absent. In benign disease only a minority of specimens did show the hybrid alpha gamma-enolase. Nearly all @entity2 had alpha gamma-enolase expression and in 20% of the @entity2 gamma gamma-enolase could be detected (so-called neuron-specific enolase). By discriminant analysis, the function giving the best discrimination compared to the histological data was based on natural logarithm aldolase and the total of gamma-enolase subunits. Contrary to expectation, the regulator enzymes of glycolysis; i.e., hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and @entity5 kinase were not included in this discriminant function. The best fit produced a 90% correct classification in both benign and @entity1 . If these findings are confirmed to a larger series, the discrimination is sufficiently strong to form the basis of a clinically useful tool.

title: Glycolytic enzymes in XXXX , @entity4 and normal breast tissue.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, aldolase, enolase and @entity5 kinase were studied in @entity0 tissues, in comparison to @entity4 and normal breast tissues. The enzyme activities in @entity0 were significantly increased compared to normal and benign breast tissues (p less than 0.001). Also the increase in activity in benign disease compared to normal was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). Within the group of benign diseases, @entity3 could be distinguished from @entity6 , the former generally showing higher activities compared to the latter (p less than or equal to 0.05). @entity2 subgroups, classified according to their histology, could not be recognized enzymologically. In addition, isozyme composition of @entity5 kinase and enolase was studied. We did not find a significant shift towards K type @entity5 kinase expression in benign disease compared to normal breast tissues. Also @entity3 did not differ from @entity6 . However, the amount of K type @entity5 kinase in @entity2 proved to be significantly higher in comparison to benign disease and normal breast tissues (p less than 0.001). Expression of alpha gamma-enolase in normal breast tissue was virtually absent. In benign disease only a minority of specimens did show the hybrid alpha gamma-enolase. Nearly all @entity2 had alpha gamma-enolase expression and in 20% of the @entity2 gamma gamma-enolase could be detected (so-called neuron-specific enolase). By discriminant analysis, the function giving the best discrimination compared to the histological data was based on natural logarithm aldolase and the total of gamma-enolase subunits. Contrary to expectation, the regulator enzymes of glycolysis; i.e., hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and @entity5 kinase were not included in this discriminant function. The best fit produced a 90% correct classification in both benign and @entity1 . If these findings are confirmed to a larger series, the discrimination is sufficiently strong to form the basis of a clinically useful tool.

title: Glycolytic enzymes in @entity0 , XXXX and normal breast tissue.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Objective To understand the perception for the use of @entity2 surgical services in a population of acceptors and non-acceptors of @entity2 surgery in urban Beijing.Methods From a community-based screening program a total of 158 @entity0 with presenting visual acuity of less than 6/18 on either eye due to age-related @entity2 were informed about the possibility of surgical treatment. These @entity0 were interviewed and re-examined 36 to 46 months after initial screening. The main reasons for not accepting surgery were obtained using a questionnaire. Vision function and vision-related quality of life scores were assessed in those who received and did not receive surgery. Results At the follow-up examination 116 of the 158 @entity0 were available and 36 (31.0%) had undergone @entity2 surgery. Cases who chose surgery had higher education level than those who did not seek surgery (OR=2.64, 95% CI: 1.08-6.63, P=0.02). There were no significant differences in vision function (P=0.11) or quality of life scores (P=0.16) between the surgery group and the non-surgery group. Main reasons for not having surgery included no perceived need (50.0%), feeling of being "too old" (19.2%), and worry about the quality of surgery (9.6%). Cost was cited by 1 (1.9%) subject as the main reason for not seeking surgery. Conclusions The data suggest that in China's capital urban center for @entity0 with moderate @entity1 there is a relative low acceptance rate of @entity2 surgery, mainly due to @entity0 's perception of marginal benefits of surgery. Cost is not a determining factor as barrier to undergo surgery and @entity0 with poorer education are less likely to undertake surgery.

title: Use of @entity2 Surgery in Urban Beijing: a Post Screening Follow-up of the Elderly with XXXX due to Age-related @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective To understand the perception for the use of @entity2 surgical services in a population of acceptors and non-acceptors of @entity2 surgery in urban Beijing.Methods From a community-based screening program a total of 158 @entity0 with presenting visual acuity of less than 6/18 on either eye due to age-related @entity2 were informed about the possibility of surgical treatment. These @entity0 were interviewed and re-examined 36 to 46 months after initial screening. The main reasons for not accepting surgery were obtained using a questionnaire. Vision function and vision-related quality of life scores were assessed in those who received and did not receive surgery. Results At the follow-up examination 116 of the 158 @entity0 were available and 36 (31.0%) had undergone @entity2 surgery. Cases who chose surgery had higher education level than those who did not seek surgery (OR=2.64, 95% CI: 1.08-6.63, P=0.02). There were no significant differences in vision function (P=0.11) or quality of life scores (P=0.16) between the surgery group and the non-surgery group. Main reasons for not having surgery included no perceived need (50.0%), feeling of being "too old" (19.2%), and worry about the quality of surgery (9.6%). Cost was cited by 1 (1.9%) subject as the main reason for not seeking surgery. Conclusions The data suggest that in China's capital urban center for @entity0 with moderate @entity1 there is a relative low acceptance rate of @entity2 surgery, mainly due to @entity0 's perception of marginal benefits of surgery. Cost is not a determining factor as barrier to undergo surgery and @entity0 with poorer education are less likely to undertake surgery.

title: Use of XXXX Surgery in Urban Beijing: a Post Screening Follow-up of the Elderly with @entity1 due to Age-related @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Objective To understand the perception for the use of @entity2 surgical services in a population of acceptors and non-acceptors of @entity2 surgery in urban Beijing.Methods From a community-based screening program a total of 158 @entity0 with presenting visual acuity of less than 6/18 on either eye due to age-related @entity2 were informed about the possibility of surgical treatment. These @entity0 were interviewed and re-examined 36 to 46 months after initial screening. The main reasons for not accepting surgery were obtained using a questionnaire. Vision function and vision-related quality of life scores were assessed in those who received and did not receive surgery. Results At the follow-up examination 116 of the 158 @entity0 were available and 36 (31.0%) had undergone @entity2 surgery. Cases who chose surgery had higher education level than those who did not seek surgery (OR=2.64, 95% CI: 1.08-6.63, P=0.02). There were no significant differences in vision function (P=0.11) or quality of life scores (P=0.16) between the surgery group and the non-surgery group. Main reasons for not having surgery included no perceived need (50.0%), feeling of being "too old" (19.2%), and worry about the quality of surgery (9.6%). Cost was cited by 1 (1.9%) subject as the main reason for not seeking surgery. Conclusions The data suggest that in China's capital urban center for @entity0 with moderate @entity1 there is a relative low acceptance rate of @entity2 surgery, mainly due to @entity0 's perception of marginal benefits of surgery. Cost is not a determining factor as barrier to undergo surgery and @entity0 with poorer education are less likely to undertake surgery.

title: Use of @entity2 Surgery in Urban Beijing: a Post Screening Follow-up of the Elderly with @entity1 due to Age-related XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Treatment of newly diagnosed @entity2 with a single antiepileptic drug (AED) is the favored approach for @entity3 management. This observational study aimed to assess, under daily practice conditions, remission and retention rates with the first AED prescribed as monotherapy in @entity0 newly or recently diagnosed with @entity4 . METHODS: The @entity4 ( @entity4 ) study was conducted on 234 Lebanese @entity0 with newly or recently diagnosed @entity4 , requiring treatment with an AED. Demographics, baseline focal @entity3 characteristics and results of the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale at the 12-month visit were reported. The primary objective of this study was to assess the percentage of @entity0 who achieved a 6-month @entity3 at the 12-month visit following treatment with a first AED administered as monotherapy. Secondary outcome variables included the calculation of the 6-month @entity3 according to the baseline @entity3 types and @entity0 retention at the 12 and 18 month visits. In addition, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of 6-month @entity3 at the 12-month visit. RESULTS: The mean age of the 234 eligible @entity0 was 31.6 years and the majority were males (62%). At baseline, the most common type of focal @entity3 was focal @entity3 with @entity5 (45%), and the most frequent topographical localization was in the temporal lobe (47%). In total, 77.6% of the @entity0 achieved a 6-month @entity3 at the 12-month visit. @entity0 with an @entity1 on neuroimaging were significantly less likely to achieve a 6-month remission compared to those with no identifiable pathological substrate. @entity0 with focal @entity3 without @entity5 at baseline had significantly lower odds of achieving a 6-month @entity3 compared to @entity0 with a combination of @entity3 types. There was no significant association between age or gender and 6-month @entity3 . The retention rates were 95.7% and 88.5% at months 12 and 18 respectively with the great majority of @entity0 (90.7%) reporting marked improvement on the CGI scale. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity2 achieved a 6-month @entity3 following treatment with a first AED administered as monotherapy. @entity0 with an @entity1 on neuroimaging and those with focal @entity3 without @entity5 at baseline were significantly less likely to achieve a 6-month @entity3 . This study demonstrated the feasibility of conducting long-term multicenter studies in Lebanon and will hopefully serve as an impetus to conduct randomized studies in the field of @entity2 .

title: Treatment registry in XXXX ( @entity4 ): Multicenter observational study in Lebanon.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Treatment of newly diagnosed @entity2 with a single antiepileptic drug (AED) is the favored approach for @entity3 management. This observational study aimed to assess, under daily practice conditions, remission and retention rates with the first AED prescribed as monotherapy in @entity0 newly or recently diagnosed with @entity4 . METHODS: The @entity4 ( @entity4 ) study was conducted on 234 Lebanese @entity0 with newly or recently diagnosed @entity4 , requiring treatment with an AED. Demographics, baseline focal @entity3 characteristics and results of the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale at the 12-month visit were reported. The primary objective of this study was to assess the percentage of @entity0 who achieved a 6-month @entity3 at the 12-month visit following treatment with a first AED administered as monotherapy. Secondary outcome variables included the calculation of the 6-month @entity3 according to the baseline @entity3 types and @entity0 retention at the 12 and 18 month visits. In addition, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of 6-month @entity3 at the 12-month visit. RESULTS: The mean age of the 234 eligible @entity0 was 31.6 years and the majority were males (62%). At baseline, the most common type of focal @entity3 was focal @entity3 with @entity5 (45%), and the most frequent topographical localization was in the temporal lobe (47%). In total, 77.6% of the @entity0 achieved a 6-month @entity3 at the 12-month visit. @entity0 with an @entity1 on neuroimaging were significantly less likely to achieve a 6-month remission compared to those with no identifiable pathological substrate. @entity0 with focal @entity3 without @entity5 at baseline had significantly lower odds of achieving a 6-month @entity3 compared to @entity0 with a combination of @entity3 types. There was no significant association between age or gender and 6-month @entity3 . The retention rates were 95.7% and 88.5% at months 12 and 18 respectively with the great majority of @entity0 (90.7%) reporting marked improvement on the CGI scale. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity2 achieved a 6-month @entity3 following treatment with a first AED administered as monotherapy. @entity0 with an @entity1 on neuroimaging and those with focal @entity3 without @entity5 at baseline were significantly less likely to achieve a 6-month @entity3 . This study demonstrated the feasibility of conducting long-term multicenter studies in Lebanon and will hopefully serve as an impetus to conduct randomized studies in the field of @entity2 .

title: Treatment registry in @entity4 ( XXXX ): Multicenter observational study in Lebanon.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare structural outcomes, visual function, refraction, and frequency of follow-up for @entity0 with type 1 @entity1 of @entity2 in zone I or zone II posterior treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) versus laser. METHODS: The medical records of @entity0 treated with IVB or laser photocoagulation at our institution from January 2009 to May 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Only @entity0 with a minimum of 6 months' follow-up were included. Outcome measures were structural outcome, visual acuity, and spherical equivalent (SE) at corrected age of 1 year. The frequency of follow-up visits during 9 months after treatment was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 23 eyes of 13 @entity0 were treated with IVB and 22 eyes of 12 @entity0 were treated with laser. There was no statistically significant difference in gestational age or birth weight between groups. None developed unfavorable structural outcome. Mean visual acuity was 0.99    0.38 logMAR for the IVB group and 0.71    0.36 logMAR for the laser group (P = 0.34; 95% CI, -0.52 to 0.19). Mean spherical equivalent was -3.57    6.19 D for the IVB group and -6.39    4.41 D for the laser group (P = 0.33; 95% CI, -7.19 to 2.49). In the IVB group, @entity0 had an average of 16.00    6.00 follow-up visits; in the laser group, 6.00    3.00 (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Both treatments resulted in good structural outcome, and no difference in visual acuity or  refraction. However, more frequent follow-up was observed in the IVB group.

title: Treatment of type 1 XXXX of @entity2 with  bevacizumab versus laser.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare structural outcomes, visual function, refraction, and frequency of follow-up for @entity0 with type 1 @entity1 of @entity2 in zone I or zone II posterior treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) versus laser. METHODS: The medical records of @entity0 treated with IVB or laser photocoagulation at our institution from January 2009 to May 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Only @entity0 with a minimum of 6 months' follow-up were included. Outcome measures were structural outcome, visual acuity, and spherical equivalent (SE) at corrected age of 1 year. The frequency of follow-up visits during 9 months after treatment was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 23 eyes of 13 @entity0 were treated with IVB and 22 eyes of 12 @entity0 were treated with laser. There was no statistically significant difference in gestational age or birth weight between groups. None developed unfavorable structural outcome. Mean visual acuity was 0.99    0.38 logMAR for the IVB group and 0.71    0.36 logMAR for the laser group (P = 0.34; 95% CI, -0.52 to 0.19). Mean spherical equivalent was -3.57    6.19 D for the IVB group and -6.39    4.41 D for the laser group (P = 0.33; 95% CI, -7.19 to 2.49). In the IVB group, @entity0 had an average of 16.00    6.00 follow-up visits; in the laser group, 6.00    3.00 (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Both treatments resulted in good structural outcome, and no difference in visual acuity or  refraction. However, more frequent follow-up was observed in the IVB group.

title: Treatment of type 1 @entity1 of XXXX with  bevacizumab versus laser.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) has been validated in @entity0 with acute @entity4 . However, the effect of @entity7 in @entity0 undergoing major surgery is controversial. The study aimed to explore the beneficial effect of @entity7 on @entity0 undergoing a major operation by systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING: Various levels of medical centres. @entity0 : @entity0 undergoing general anaesthesia. INTERVENTIONS: @entity7 with low tidal volume. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Study end points included @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity1 , @entity5 , mortality, length of stay (LOS) in intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital. METHODS: Databases including PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO and EMBASE were searched from inception to May 2015. Search strategies consisted of terms related to @entity7 and anaesthesia. We reported OR for binary outcomes including @entity3 , mortality, @entity1 , @entity5 and other adverse outcomes. Weighted mean difference was reported for continuous outcomes such as LOS in the ICU and hospital, pH value, partial pressure of @entity2 , oxygenation and duration of mechanical ventilation (MV). MAIN RESULTS: A total of 22 citations were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. @entity7 had protective effect against the development of @entity3 as compared with the control group, with an OR of 0.41 (95% CI 0.19 to 0.87). @entity7 tended to be beneficial with regard to the development of @entity1 (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.28) and @entity5 (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.01), but statistical significance was not reached. Other adverse outcomes such as new onset @entity6 were significantly reduced with the use of @entity7 (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.93). CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates that @entity7 can reduce the risk of @entity3 in @entity0 undergoing major surgery. However, there is insufficient evidence that such a beneficial effect can be translated to more clinically relevant outcomes such as mortality or duration of MV. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The study was registered in PROSPERO (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/) under registration number CRD42013006416.

title: Lung protective ventilation in XXXX undergoing major surgery: a systematic review incorporating a Bayesian approach.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This review highlights the evidence-based data to support current best management practices for @entity0 with recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Current limitations and areas of emerging therapeutics are also emphasized. The cornerstone of palliation for @entity0 with R/M @entity2 is a @entity4 -based backbone. @entity4 doublets induce higher response rates than single agents but do not demonstrate a survival advantage and are associated with increased @entity1 . The only regimen to demonstrate survival superiority is @entity4 , @entity6 , and cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the @entity3 ( @entity3 ). @entity3 inhibitors, including monoclonal antibodies and @entity7 kinase inhibitors, have achieved only modest success in R/M @entity2 , illustrating the importance of identifying predictive biomarkers and finding ways to overcome mechanisms of resistance. Although @entity8 3-kinase pathway alterations are present at a high rate in @entity2 , the identification of efficacious agents in @entity0 with activating alterations has yet to be discovered. Immunotherapy represents an attractive treatment strategy for R/M @entity2 , with promising preliminary data from studies involving immune checkpoint blockade and toll-like receptor agonists. @entity5 has a prognostic role in R/M disease; therefore, stratification of @entity0 by @entity5 status in clinical trials is indicated. Although under-represented in clinical trials, elderly @entity0 experience similar survival outcomes compared with younger @entity0 , albeit with increased @entity1 . Despite therapeutic advances, prognosis nonetheless remains poor for @entity0 with R/M @entity2 . Enrollment of @entity0 onto clinical trials to investigate novel therapeutics and identify predictive biomarkers is necessary to further refine and improve outcomes.

title: Current Treatment Options for Recurrent or Metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Due to contradictory results of previous studies evaluating the association between @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and thrombophilic polymorphisms, their routine screening in @entity3 @entity0 , particularly those older than 60 years, is not recommended. We evaluated the differences in the distribution of @entity7 and @entity8 polymorphisms according to @entity3 subtypes and their interaction with smoking. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study of 423 hospital-based consecutive survivors of their first-ever @entity3 and 614 population-based controls. Survivors (18-81 years) with @entity3 documented by brain imagining were examined at a median of 16 months after the index event. The @entity1 subtype was categorized using the Causative Classification of @entity1 System. Controls (50-75 years) were free of a history of @entity1 /TIA, @entity2 . RESULTS: Age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of individuals carrying at least one copy of the rs1799963A minor allele was 5.3% among @entity1 survivors (by subtypes: 3.1% in large artery @entity5 , 2.0% in @entity6 , 2.4% in small @entity4 , and 10.3% in undetermined @entity1 ) vs. 2.4% among controls. In multinomial multivariate adjusted analysis, @entity8 was exclusively associated with undetermined @entity1 (OR: 3.67; 95% CI: 1.52-8.85; p  =  0.004). There was strong evidence of @entity8  *  smoking synergistic interaction (OR: 5.14; 95% CI: 1.65-16.01; p  =  0.005). There was no association of @entity7 with @entity3 in general, or with any subtype. CONCLUSIONS: In our consecutive @entity3 survivors, carriage of the rs1799963A allele is associated with undetermined @entity1 . This effect appears to be confined to smokers.

title: Tobacco smoking strongly modifies the association of prothrombin G20210A with undetermined XXXX : Consecutive survivors and population-based controls.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To determine whether there are differences in the anatomical cleft measurements between @entity0 with isolated @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with or without Pierre Robin sequence (PR) and those with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). DESIGN:     Prospective case series. SETTING:     Tertiary care university-based medical center. @entity0 :     From 1993 to 2012, @entity2 and @entity3 @entity0 were prospectively enrolled in a database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:     Several anatomical cleft parameters were recorded with precise measurements at the time of palatoplasty under general anesthesia. RESULTS:     One hundred twenty-five @entity0 were included in our study: 50 @entity0 in the @entity2 without PR group, 87 @entity0 in the @entity2 with or without PR (CPPR) group, and 38 @entity0 in the @entity3 group. @entity0 in the @entity3 group had increased values for the following parameters compared to @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity0 with CPPR: nasopharyngeal depth (P = .02 and P = .01, respectively); cleft width at posterior hard palate border (P < .001 and P < .001); width of the dental arch (P < .001 and P < .001); and total cleft length (P < 01 and P < .001). For cleft width at the soft palate level, there was a significant difference between the @entity2 and @entity3 groups (P = .005). We found no statistically significant differences between the groups ( @entity2 and CPPR, respectively) for the length of the soft palate (P = .74, P = .21) or for the length of the hard palate (P = .19, P = .08). CONCLUSION:     There are significant differences in cleft and palate measurements between @entity3 and @entity2 @entity0 that may be useful to predict the occurrence of @entity1 or other complications.

title: Detailed Cleft Measurements: A Comparison Between Isolated XXXX and @entity2 Associated With @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To determine whether there are differences in the anatomical cleft measurements between @entity0 with isolated @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with or without Pierre Robin sequence (PR) and those with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). DESIGN:     Prospective case series. SETTING:     Tertiary care university-based medical center. @entity0 :     From 1993 to 2012, @entity2 and @entity3 @entity0 were prospectively enrolled in a database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:     Several anatomical cleft parameters were recorded with precise measurements at the time of palatoplasty under general anesthesia. RESULTS:     One hundred twenty-five @entity0 were included in our study: 50 @entity0 in the @entity2 without PR group, 87 @entity0 in the @entity2 with or without PR (CPPR) group, and 38 @entity0 in the @entity3 group. @entity0 in the @entity3 group had increased values for the following parameters compared to @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity0 with CPPR: nasopharyngeal depth (P = .02 and P = .01, respectively); cleft width at posterior hard palate border (P < .001 and P < .001); width of the dental arch (P < .001 and P < .001); and total cleft length (P < 01 and P < .001). For cleft width at the soft palate level, there was a significant difference between the @entity2 and @entity3 groups (P = .005). We found no statistically significant differences between the groups ( @entity2 and CPPR, respectively) for the length of the soft palate (P = .74, P = .21) or for the length of the hard palate (P = .19, P = .08). CONCLUSION:     There are significant differences in cleft and palate measurements between @entity3 and @entity2 @entity0 that may be useful to predict the occurrence of @entity1 or other complications.

title: Detailed Cleft Measurements: A Comparison Between Isolated @entity2 and XXXX Associated With @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To determine whether there are differences in the anatomical cleft measurements between @entity0 with isolated @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with or without Pierre Robin sequence (PR) and those with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). DESIGN:     Prospective case series. SETTING:     Tertiary care university-based medical center. @entity0 :     From 1993 to 2012, @entity2 and @entity3 @entity0 were prospectively enrolled in a database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:     Several anatomical cleft parameters were recorded with precise measurements at the time of palatoplasty under general anesthesia. RESULTS:     One hundred twenty-five @entity0 were included in our study: 50 @entity0 in the @entity2 without PR group, 87 @entity0 in the @entity2 with or without PR (CPPR) group, and 38 @entity0 in the @entity3 group. @entity0 in the @entity3 group had increased values for the following parameters compared to @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity0 with CPPR: nasopharyngeal depth (P = .02 and P = .01, respectively); cleft width at posterior hard palate border (P < .001 and P < .001); width of the dental arch (P < .001 and P < .001); and total cleft length (P < 01 and P < .001). For cleft width at the soft palate level, there was a significant difference between the @entity2 and @entity3 groups (P = .005). We found no statistically significant differences between the groups ( @entity2 and CPPR, respectively) for the length of the soft palate (P = .74, P = .21) or for the length of the hard palate (P = .19, P = .08). CONCLUSION:     There are significant differences in cleft and palate measurements between @entity3 and @entity2 @entity0 that may be useful to predict the occurrence of @entity1 or other complications.

title: Detailed Cleft Measurements: A Comparison Between Isolated @entity2 and @entity2 Associated With XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The impact of transient @entity0 depletion on reproductive growth in @entity1 was investigated by transferring long-photoperiod-grown plants to continuous darkness and returning them to a light-dark cycle. After two days of darkness, @entity0 reserves were depleted in reproductive sinks and RNA in situ hybridization of marker transcripts showed that @entity0 starvation responses had been initiated in the meristem, anthers and ovules. Dark treatments of two or more days resulted in a bare-segment phenotype on the floral stem, with 23-27 aborted siliques. These resulted from impaired growth of immature siliques, and abortion of mature and immature flowers. Depolarization of @entity3 protein and increased DII-VENUS expression pointed to rapid collapse of auxin gradients in the meristem and inhibition of primordia initiation. After transfer back to a light-dark cycle, flowers appeared and formed viable siliques and seeds. A similar phenotype was seen after transfer to sub-compensation point irradiance or @entity2 . It also appeared in a milder form after a moderate decrease in irradiance, and developed spontaneously in short photoperiods. We conclude that @entity1 inhibits primordia initiation and aborts flowers and very young siliques in C-limited conditions. This curtails demand, safeguarding meristem function and allowing renewal of reproductive growth when @entity0 becomes available again. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Reproductive failure in XXXX under transient carbohydrate limitation: flowers and very young siliques are jettisoned and the meristem is maintained to allow successful resumption of reproductive growth.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) have a significantly higher vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk than the general population. Several preclinical models have documented altered skeletal properties in long bones, but few data exist for vertebral bone. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of progressive CKD on vertebral bone structure and mechanics and to determine the effects of treatment with either @entity2 or anti-sclerostin antibody in groups of animals with high or low @entity4 . METHODS: Animals with progressive @entity1 were left untreated, treated with @entity3 to lower @entity4 , @entity6 to lower remodeling without affecting @entity4 , anti-sclerostin antibody, or anti-sclerostin antibody plus @entity3 . Non-diseased, untreated littermates served as controls. Vertebral bone morphology (trabecular and cortical) and mechanical properties (structural and material-level) were assessed at 35weeks of age by microCT and mechanical testing, respectively. RESULTS: CKD with high @entity4 resulted in 6-fold higher bone formation rate, significant reductions in the amount of trabecular and cortical bone, and compromised whole bone mechanical properties in the vertebra compared to normal animals. Treatments that reduced bone remodeling were effective in normalizing vertebral structure and mechanical properties only if the treatment reduced serum @entity4 . Similarly, treatment with anti-sclerostin antibody was effective in enhancing bone mass and mechanical properties but only if combined with @entity4 -suppressive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: CKD significantly altered both cortical and trabecular bone properties in the vertebra resulting in compromised mechanical properties and these changes can be normalized by interventions that involve reductions in @entity4 levels.

title: Compromised vertebral structural and mechanical properties associated with progressive XXXX and the effects of traditional pharmacological interventions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a rare disease diagnosed in Brazil and worldwide. The frequency of @entity1 in Brazilian @entity2 @entity0 is unknown. OBJECTIVE: Detect the frequency of @entity1 and correlate the cardiovascular findings with the modified @entity3 ( @entity3 ) score. METHODS: In a national reference center, 51 @entity0 were evaluated with clinical examination, electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography (ECHO), and 24-hour Holter. @entity0 were classified according to the modified @entity3 score and divided into groups: @entity3 0, @entity3 I, @entity3 II, and @entity3 > II (which included @entity3 IIIa, IIIb, and IV). We chose the classification tree as the statistical method to analyze the association between findings in cardiac tests with the neurological classification ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: ECG abnormalities were present in almost 2/3 of the @entity2 @entity0 , whereas @entity4 occurred in around 1/3 of them. All @entity0 with abnormal ECHO also had abnormal ECG, but the opposite did not apply. The classification tree identified ECG and ECHO as relevant variables (p < 0.001 and p = 0.08, respectively). The probability of a @entity0 to be allocated to the @entity3 0 group when having a normal ECG was over 80%. When both ECG and ECHO were abnormal, this probability was null. CONCLUSIONS: Brazilian @entity0 with @entity2 have frequent ECG abnormalities. ECG is an appropriate test to discriminate asymptomatic carriers of the mutation from those who develop the disease, whereas ECHO contributes to this discrimination.

title: Frequency of Cardiovascular Involvement in XXXX in Brazilian @entity0 .

answer: @entity2