abstract: A 25-year-old @entity0 was admitted to Juntendo University Hospital with chief complaints of @entity11 and @entity5 of breath on Sept. 22, 1983. He had no history of @entity9 or @entity7 . He was violently kicked in the chest while practicing Shorinji-Kempo (Karate) in July 1977. His heart murmur was first noticed in April 1978, but he was asymptomatic for six years after the accident until transient @entity11 developed January 1983. Physical examination on admission revealed a grade 4/6 apical holosystolic murmur, a markedly accentuated third sound, and @entity4 of two finger breadth in the right midclavicular line. An electrocardiogram revealed @entity10 (100/min), left @entity6 and @entity8 . Chest radiography showed slight @entity2 with a cardiothoracic ratio of 55%, and slightly increased pulmonary vascular markings. Two-dimensional echocardiography showed a markedly prolapsed posterior mitral leaflet and fluttering in diastole. Cardiac catheterization showed elevated pressure of pulmonary capillaries (a: 16, v: 30, mean: 19 mmHg), the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle. Left ventriculography revealed grade four (Sellers) @entity3 . Mitral valve replacement was performed on October 13, 1983. A chorda tendinae supporting the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve was found to be ruptured just above its origin from the posterior papillary muscle. Histological examination of the resected valve showed @entity1 tissue which mimicked so-called myxomatous changes, but it seemed preferable to interpret this as a "secondary change due to increased hemodynamic stress" rather than the "primary change".

title: [Traumatic XXXX : a case report].

answer: @entity3


abstract: We report a localized malignant @entity7 of the epithelial type, occurring as a primary @entity1 in a 64-year-old male. He was found to have a mass located in the right lobe of the liver. Surgery was carried out with resection of the mass from the right hepatic lobe, with partial resection of the diaphragm. Grossly, an ill-defined @entity0 was present in the @entity1 . Histologically, the @entity0 displayed a predominant tubular pattern of growth with a @entity5 . The tubules were lined by a single layer of cuboidal or flattened cells with pleomorphic vesicular nuclei. A hyaluronidase-digestible, @entity8 -like substance was demonstrated in the lumen and @entity0 cytoplasm. The @entity0 cells were immunohistochemically positive for calretinin, HBME-1, cytokeratin, i.e. @entity3 / @entity4 and CAM 5.2, but negative for carcinoembryonic antigen, @entity6 and Leu M1. Moreover, the @entity0 cells showed nuclear accumulation of the @entity2 oncopotein and reacted frequently with Ki-67 antibody. These findings support the concept that malignant @entity7 of the epithelial type may occur at extrapleural sites. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of localized malignant primary @entity7 arising in the liver.

title: Localized malignant @entity7 of the epithelial type occurring as a primary XXXX : a case report with review of the literature.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We report a localized malignant @entity7 of the epithelial type, occurring as a primary @entity1 in a 64-year-old male. He was found to have a mass located in the right lobe of the liver. Surgery was carried out with resection of the mass from the right hepatic lobe, with partial resection of the diaphragm. Grossly, an ill-defined @entity0 was present in the @entity1 . Histologically, the @entity0 displayed a predominant tubular pattern of growth with a @entity5 . The tubules were lined by a single layer of cuboidal or flattened cells with pleomorphic vesicular nuclei. A hyaluronidase-digestible, @entity8 -like substance was demonstrated in the lumen and @entity0 cytoplasm. The @entity0 cells were immunohistochemically positive for calretinin, HBME-1, cytokeratin, i.e. @entity3 / @entity4 and CAM 5.2, but negative for carcinoembryonic antigen, @entity6 and Leu M1. Moreover, the @entity0 cells showed nuclear accumulation of the @entity2 oncopotein and reacted frequently with Ki-67 antibody. These findings support the concept that malignant @entity7 of the epithelial type may occur at extrapleural sites. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of localized malignant primary @entity7 arising in the liver.

title: Localized malignant XXXX of the epithelial type occurring as a primary @entity1 : a case report with review of the literature.

answer: @entity7


abstract: We present the clinical, radiographical and pathological features of low-grade @entity6 of the left proximal humerus in a 23-year-old @entity0 in whom it was necessary to distinguish the @entity1 from @entity7 , @entity5 and intramedullary well-differentiated @entity4 . The @entity0 presented with a 10-day history of @entity2 in his left upper arm sustained when trying to break his fall with his left hand when slipping in the street. Plain radiography revealed an expanding multilobular osteolytic lesion from the proximal metaphysis to the diaphysis of his left humerus, accompanied by a pathological @entity3 at the distal portion of the lesion. Open biopsy of the lesion was performed twice; however, a conclusive diagnosis could not be obtained. The @entity0 underwent wide excision and prosthetic replacement of the left proximal humerus. Histologically, the resected @entity1 was composed of both cellular areas and hypocellular areas. Cellular areas revealed a proliferation of bundles of uniform fibroblastic spindle-shaped cells with minimal cellular atypia, mixed with abundant intercellular collagenization. Mitotic figures were occasionally seen. Hypocellular areas showed myxoid features with loose bundles of collagen fibers. The @entity0 demonstrates no evidence of disease 42 months after surgery. It is important to detect the scant atypical cells for the differential diagnosis of low-grade @entity6 and @entity7 of bone.

title: Low-grade XXXX of the proximal humerus.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The @entity0 local lymph node assay (LLNA) has been developed as a test method to assess @entity8 . In spite of the validity of the LLNA, attention was drawn to the two disadvantages: use of radioactivity for in vivo measurement of lymph node cell proliferation ( @entity3 labeling) and the possibility of false positive results caused by non-specific cell activation as a result of inflammatory processes in the skin (irritation). We aimed to investigate the following non-radioactive endpoints of LLNA: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) incorporation ex vivo and in vivo, in vivo and ex vivo cytokine production with or without phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation. Here, 8-12-week-old female BALB/c @entity0 were treated topically with the strong sensitizer @entity9 ( @entity7 ) in @entity4 :olive oil (AOO, 4:1 [v/v]) at levels of 0.025, 0.05, 0.01, or 0.25% (w/v). Ear thickness was also measured to determine the differentiation index (DI) indicating the proportion of non-specific activation due to irritating properties of test compound. At the concentration of 0.05%, stimulation index (SI) value was found to be 3 for @entity7 based on in vivo and ex vivo @entity5 incorporation. The results of the in vivo and ex vivo non-radioactive LLNA assays were compatible both with each other and with previous radioactive LLNA data. Our results indicate that non-radioactive endpoints may be used as an alternative to the @entity3 LLNA. The levels of T(H)1 cytokines ( @entity6 and IFNy) and T(H)2 cytokines ( @entity1 and @entity2 ) in lymph node cell cultures were significantly (P   <   0.01) increased when @entity7 was applied at the concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1%, respectively. As the DI was > 1, the applied concentrations of @entity7 caused only allergic effect but not any irritant effect. This study reports that the use of these non-radioactive endpoints can assess @entity8 caused by chemicals.

title: Evaluation of auricular lymph node cell lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production as non-radioactive endpoints during XXXX contact allergy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Removal of the prothoracic glands early during the 5th instar of @entity1 prevented the larvae from wandering and from further development. Infusion of @entity3 (20-HE) into these larvae induced wandering behaviour. In intact larvae, induction of precocious wandering behaviour required a 20-HE infusion lasting longer than 5 h. Infused 20-HE induced maximal response (90%) when delivered at a rate of 0.06 micrograms g-1 body weight h-1. At considerably higher concentrations (0.25 micrograms g-1 h-1 larvae performed brief, erratic behaviour or omitted wandering entirely. The latency between appearance of 20-HE and the onset of wandering was dose-dependent with a minimum of 11 h following infusion at 0.1 micrograms g-1 h-1. Latency was not affected by the duration of 20-HE infusion. The duration of induced wandering behaviour was proportional to the duration of 20-HE infusion. Minimal wandering behaviour lasted 2 h following 20-HE infusions at 5 h, while infusions lasting 11 h induced 9 h of wandering behaviour. Several lines of evidence suggest that the effects of 20-HE accumulate over time and directly determine the duration of wandering behaviour. Many larvae exhibited a series of temporally distinct locomotor periods following various 20-HE infusion protocols, suggesting that a series of separate exposures to 20-HE can result in corresponding serial bouts of locomotion. @entity2 to 20-HE appeared to be principally modulated by @entity0 . Allatectomy of 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar larvae removed @entity0 ( @entity0 ) precociously from these stages and was followed several days later by precocious wandering behaviour. Likewise, application of the @entity0 mimic, EGS, prior to 20-HE exposure or at the start of it, could prevent the behavioural induction. During the 5th instar, 20-HE became increasingly effective in inducing wandering as larvae grew larger than 5 g, the size at which @entity0 normally begins to disappear from the haemolymph. Allatectomized 5th instar larvae responded directly to 20-HE a day sooner than larvae with normal @entity0 titres, but before day 2 the effects of 20-HE on wandering behaviour appear to be indirect, requiring a latency greater than 24 h. Several processes, of which the elimination of @entity0 is the last, appear to be required before 20-HE can induce wandering behaviour.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The physiology of wandering behaviour in XXXX . II. The endocrine control of wandering behaviour.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peak strain has been promising as an index of wall motion but it is sometimes susceptible to the image quality. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the feasibility of a novel index, transmural @entity1 gradient (TMSG), derived from @entity1 M-mode imaging (TDI-Q, Toshiba) for quantifying regional systolic wall motion. METHOD: We measured transmural @entity1 distribution at the left ventricular lateral, posterior, inferior, septal, anteroseptal and anterior walls in the basal and midventricular short-axis images using TDI-Q. Twenty normals (35    3 years) and 35 consecutive @entity0 (63    9 years) with @entity2 (CAD, 19 @entity0 with old @entity3 , 4 @entity0 with @entity3 , 12 @entity0 with @entity4 ) were studied. Peak strain, endocardial- and @entity7 and TMSG ((peak strain, - epicardial strain)/distance between peak and @entity5 ) were obtained. Coefficient of variation (CV) of each index was calculated. RESULTS: In control subjects, the best reproducibility of the variables was obtained for TMSG with the smallest CV (11.6%) (27.8%, 28.1%, and 35.5%, respectively for CV of peak strain, endocardial- and @entity7 ). All segments in control subjects and normal segments in CAD @entity0 showed no significant difference in TMSG (15.1    1.8 vs. 15.1    1.6%/mm, P = ns). TMSG was the lowest for @entity6 segments and highest for the normal segments (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: TMSG was more robust than simple strain values to quantitatively assess wall motion. This could successfully identify subtle regional differences in wall function.

title: Transmural XXXX gradient: a new and robust quantitative index of left ventricular wall motion based on @entity1 imaging.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peak strain has been promising as an index of wall motion but it is sometimes susceptible to the image quality. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the feasibility of a novel index, transmural @entity1 gradient (TMSG), derived from @entity1 M-mode imaging (TDI-Q, Toshiba) for quantifying regional systolic wall motion. METHOD: We measured transmural @entity1 distribution at the left ventricular lateral, posterior, inferior, septal, anteroseptal and anterior walls in the basal and midventricular short-axis images using TDI-Q. Twenty normals (35    3 years) and 35 consecutive @entity0 (63    9 years) with @entity2 (CAD, 19 @entity0 with old @entity3 , 4 @entity0 with @entity3 , 12 @entity0 with @entity4 ) were studied. Peak strain, endocardial- and @entity7 and TMSG ((peak strain, - epicardial strain)/distance between peak and @entity5 ) were obtained. Coefficient of variation (CV) of each index was calculated. RESULTS: In control subjects, the best reproducibility of the variables was obtained for TMSG with the smallest CV (11.6%) (27.8%, 28.1%, and 35.5%, respectively for CV of peak strain, endocardial- and @entity7 ). All segments in control subjects and normal segments in CAD @entity0 showed no significant difference in TMSG (15.1    1.8 vs. 15.1    1.6%/mm, P = ns). TMSG was the lowest for @entity6 segments and highest for the normal segments (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: TMSG was more robust than simple strain values to quantitatively assess wall motion. This could successfully identify subtle regional differences in wall function.

title: Transmural @entity1 gradient: a new and robust quantitative index of left ventricular wall motion based on XXXX imaging.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In @entity1 , extracellular matrix destruction is common and may be caused by excessive activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Thirty @entity0 with @entity1 and 16 control subjects were studied. We evaluated the concentrations of @entity3 , @entity2 , and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in mini-bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (mini-BALF) and blood using zymography and specific immunoassays. In @entity0 with @entity1 concentrations of @entity3 and @entity2 in mini-BALF were increased 10-fold, whereas their specific inhibitor tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 was not concomitantly increased. In 80% of @entity0 with @entity1 , but in none of the control subjects, the active form of @entity2 was detected by zymography. Zymography furthermore showed the banding pattern of neutrophil-derived @entity2 , indicating that neutrophils were the main source of @entity2 . Comparison of neutrophils from blood and mini-BALF showed higher basal release of MMPs by pulmonary neutrophils. Stimulation analysis indicated that pulmonary neutrophils were already maximally activated. In @entity0 with detection of potentially pathogenic microorganisms, concentrations of MMPs were fivefold increased compared with @entity0 with negative cultures. Furthermore, MMP-levels were related to clinical severity. These are the first data suggesting that neutrophil-derived MMPs are increased in @entity1 in association to the detection of causative microorganisms and clinical severity.

title: Pulmonary matrix metalloproteinase excess in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tissue factor (TF), the @entity4 cascade, is expressed by cells in @entity1 . @entity6 ( @entity7 ) is a component of oxidized lipoproteins and an agent released by activated platelets. The present study investigated whether and how TF expression is regulated by @entity7 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Northern blotting, Western blotting, and TF activity assays demonstrated that @entity7 markedly induced TF mRNA, protein, and activity in vascular smooth muscle cells. @entity7 -induced TF expression is primarily controlled at the transcriptional level. Phosphorylation of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and extracellular signaling-regulated kinases ( @entity2 ) was rapidly and markedly induced by @entity7 . @entity9 inhibitors @entity8 and @entity5 blocked both ERK activation and the increase in TF mRNA. In contrast, the specific p38 MAP kinase inhibitor @entity3 had no effect on @entity7 -induced TF mRNA increase. The Galpha(i) protein inhibitor, pertussis toxin, abolished @entity7 -induced phosphorylation of MEKs and ERKs, as well as the induction of TF mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that a Galpha(i) protein and activation of MEKs and ERKs mediate @entity7 -induced TF expression. Our data suggest that elevated @entity7 could be a thrombogenic risk factor by upregulating TF expression. These results may have important implications in vascular remodeling and @entity0 .

title: XXXX induction of tissue factor expression in aortic smooth muscle cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Monitoring clinical signs in unconscious @entity0 provides only late information about cerebral deterioration. Ischaemia and @entity2 are the mechanisms of much of the damage. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements provide direct evidence of ischaemia but are intermittent values for what may be an unstable situation. Continuous recordings of CBF and oxygenation are more likely to reveal harmful tendencies to ischaemia and @entity2 at an early stage than intermittent readings. We report our experience with intermittent and also continuous recording of the jugular venous bulb @entity1 saturation (JVO2Sat) obtained by fibreoptic oximetry in a group of 10 head injured and 7 septic @entity0 . Simultaneous measurements of CBF by an isotopic xenon clearance method were also made. The JVO2Sat has been suggested to be a reliable indicator of cerebral oxygenation, a low value being indicative of ischaemia. We discuss whether our findings support this statement. There are also variations in JVO2Sat with mean arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure. These variations have important implications in the interpretation that can be made of one single value of JVO2Sat.

title: The use of intermittent and continuous recordings of jugular venous bulb XXXX saturation in the unconscious @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Monitoring clinical signs in unconscious @entity0 provides only late information about cerebral deterioration. Ischaemia and @entity2 are the mechanisms of much of the damage. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements provide direct evidence of ischaemia but are intermittent values for what may be an unstable situation. Continuous recordings of CBF and oxygenation are more likely to reveal harmful tendencies to ischaemia and @entity2 at an early stage than intermittent readings. We report our experience with intermittent and also continuous recording of the jugular venous bulb @entity1 saturation (JVO2Sat) obtained by fibreoptic oximetry in a group of 10 head injured and 7 septic @entity0 . Simultaneous measurements of CBF by an isotopic xenon clearance method were also made. The JVO2Sat has been suggested to be a reliable indicator of cerebral oxygenation, a low value being indicative of ischaemia. We discuss whether our findings support this statement. There are also variations in JVO2Sat with mean arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure. These variations have important implications in the interpretation that can be made of one single value of JVO2Sat.

title: The use of intermittent and continuous recordings of jugular venous bulb @entity1 saturation in the unconscious XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the long-term results of bacille Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG) intravesical therapy in relation to disease progression and recurrence in primary T1 high-grade (HG) @entity2 ( @entity2 ) confirmed by central pathological review. @entity0 AND METHODS: In all, 136 @entity0 from two university centres (Rotterdam, n = 49; Toronto, n = 87) were diagnosed with primary T1HG @entity2 . One experienced uro-pathologist reviewed all slides, ensuring all cases were indeed HG and that muscle was present in all specimens. @entity0 were treated with BCG induction (six instillations) after transurethral resection (TUR) of the @entity1 and followed with cystoscopy and urinary cytology. Predictors for recurrence, progression and survival were assessed with multivariable Cox regression models. RESULTS: Mean (range) follow-up was 6.5 (0.3-21.6) years. There were no significant differences for recurrence (P = 0.52), progression (P = 0.35) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (P = 0.69) between the two centres. Among the cohort, 47 @entity0 (35%) recurred and 42 (30.9%) progressed with a median time to progression of 2.1 years; 16 (38%) of these progressions occurred >=  3 years after the initial BCG course; 22 (16%) @entity0 who progressed died from @entity2 . Overall, 96 (71%) @entity0 had no evidence of disease at the last follow-up. @entity3 in situ was the only independent predictor for recurrence in multivariate analysis (P = 0.011). No independent predictors were found for progression. CONCLUSIONS: Conservative treatment with BCG is a valid option in primary T1HG @entity2 . Nevertheless, the aggressive nature of T1HG @entity2 is evident in the fact that 30% progressed, with a high proportion of these progression events occurring >=  3 years after BCG. Caution should be exercised when relying on the long-term effects of BCG, and close follow-up of these @entity0 should not be neglected.

title: Long-term follow-up of T1 high-grade XXXX after intravesical bacille Calmette-Gu  rin treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Demodicidosis is a @entity1 caused by the follicle mites Demodex sp. In this article, we present a case of @entity5 -like demodicidosis, discuss the clinical features of @entity2 in @entity0 and review their diagnosis and therapeutic modalities. A 37-year-old @entity0 presented in our department with @entity6 present for one year. On physical examination, the @entity0 presented @entity6 and papulovesicles with fine scaling limited to the face. There was no telangectasia. The @entity0 did not report flushing episodes or any kind of photosensitivity. A diagnosis of @entity5 -like demodicidosis and Demodex @entity6 was based on the presence of numerous Demodex folliculorum in the eyelashes and scrapings of @entity1 . The @entity0 was put on topic and oral @entity4 for 2  months and on yellow @entity3 ointment for 15  days. The course involved disappearance of the facial mites and complete remission without recurrence. Screening for Demodex sp is essential to establish the correct diagnosis and ensure suitable treatment.

title: [ @entity5 -like demodicidosis and XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Demodicidosis is a @entity1 caused by the follicle mites Demodex sp. In this article, we present a case of @entity5 -like demodicidosis, discuss the clinical features of @entity2 in @entity0 and review their diagnosis and therapeutic modalities. A 37-year-old @entity0 presented in our department with @entity6 present for one year. On physical examination, the @entity0 presented @entity6 and papulovesicles with fine scaling limited to the face. There was no telangectasia. The @entity0 did not report flushing episodes or any kind of photosensitivity. A diagnosis of @entity5 -like demodicidosis and Demodex @entity6 was based on the presence of numerous Demodex folliculorum in the eyelashes and scrapings of @entity1 . The @entity0 was put on topic and oral @entity4 for 2  months and on yellow @entity3 ointment for 15  days. The course involved disappearance of the facial mites and complete remission without recurrence. Screening for Demodex sp is essential to establish the correct diagnosis and ensure suitable treatment.

title: [ XXXX -like demodicidosis and @entity6 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Coronary computed tomography (CCT) detects coronary obstruction with high sensitivity and might be useful for diagnosis of @entity3 . AIM: In this pilot study, we sought to prospectively evaluate the performance of CCT as initial work up and determine the significance of this strategy according to the pretest likelihood of having @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: One hundred and eighty @entity0 with chest discomfort and suspected angina were prospectively referred for CCT with a 64-slice CT scan. Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) was performed on the basis of CCT findings ( @entity2 >50%). @entity0 were classified into tertiles according to estimated pretest probability of obstructive @entity1 using the Duke Clinical Score (low, intermediate and high). Strategy failure was defined as unnecessary ICA or major adverse cardiac event (MACE) within 6 months in @entity0 without significant @entity2 by CCT. RESULTS: Pretest probability for @entity1 was 53    29%. Significant @entity2 was detected by CCT in 51 @entity0 ; 47 (26%) underwent ICA. Sixteen strategy failures were reported: 15 @entity0 (10%) were referred for @entity5 that did not confirm significant @entity4 and one MACE occurred in a @entity0 without significant @entity2 by CCT. Strategy failures were 8% in low-probability, 1.7% in intermediate-probability and 15% in high-probability @entity0 (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: CCT as an initial step for angina diagnosis is most effective in @entity0 with an intermediate probability of @entity1 . In @entity0 with low or high likelihood, it is associated with a high rate of unnecessary ICA but not with adverse events.

title: Routine use of coronary computed tomography as initial diagnostic test for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The most frequent cause of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is @entity5 . Recently, it has been shown that non-invasive ventilation improves survival and quality of life in @entity4 @entity0 with @entity5 , but little is known about predictors of non-invasive ventilation adaptation and tolerance. In this study we evaluated the effect of a comprehensive information about non-invasive ventilation use and a prolonged and intensive monitoring on tolerance to this palliative care. METHODS: We prospectively monitored all consecutive @entity4 @entity0 with @entity5 and indication to non-invasive ventilation between January 2005 and December 2007. Non-invasive ventilation adaptation was always performed in a hospital setting. RESULTS: Forty-four @entity0 were considered eligible: six declined the non-invasive ventilation proposal and one was excluded due to severe fronto-temporal @entity3 . Non-invasive ventilation was offered to thirty-seven inpatients in our @entity4 Centre, thirty-two of whom presented with severe (n=9) or mild-moderate (n=23) @entity1 at non-invasive ventilation initiation. The mean time interval for adaptation to ventilation was 5  2 days, but @entity0 remained in hospital for an average extended period of one week. Thirty-five of the 37 @entity0 who started non-invasive ventilation, including those with severe @entity1 , remained tolerant at twelve months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that an intensive educational training and adaptation on non-invasive ventilation, when performed in a hospital multidisciplinary setting, increases compliance and tolerance over time, even in those @entity0 with severe @entity1 . However, the design of our study, mainly based on a continuous monitoring and educational training of the @entity0 , might not make it fully applicable to an outpatients setting.

title: Predictors of non-invasive ventilation tolerance in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate early and late results of open (OR) and @entity3 repair by iliac side branch device (EVRISB) for @entity3 involving the iliac bifurcation ( @entity4 ). METHODS: Between January 2004 and March 2010, 118 @entity0 were diagnosed with AIBs and underwent OR or EVRISB at two European vascular centers. Particularly, 64 (54.2%) @entity0 were treated by EVRISB and 54 (45.8%) by OR. In one center, 24 consecutive @entity0 were treated by surgery because this was the standard therapeutic approach until January 2005. For the rest of the study period until March 2010, 64 consecutive @entity0 with @entity4 suitable for EVRISB underwent placement of branched devices. In the other center, 30 consecutive @entity0 with AIBs were treated by OR because advanced endovascular imaging was not available during the study period. RESULTS: No significant differences in demographics, anatomical characteristics, or comorbidities of the @entity0 were recorded between the two groups. Early (30-day) mortality was 0% for EVRISB versus 5.5% for the OR group (P < .001). Major morbidity occurred in 4.6% versus 9.3% of the @entity0 subgroups, respectively (P < .001). Buttock claudication and @entity1 were recorded in 5.9% and 2% of OR @entity0 compared with 3.1% and 0% of EVRISB cases (P > .05). Primary patency rates were 98.4% for EVRISB and 100% for OR @entity0 . Primary and secondary endoleak rates of the EVRISB group were 12.5% and 6.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular repair by iliac branch device of @entity3 involving the iliac bifurcation can be accomplished with very low morbidity and mortality rates. Especially for young active @entity0 or in cases of @entity2 , the preservation of hypogastric artery seems to be a strong argument for use of EVRISB as a preferable therapy option.

title: Surgical versus endovascular repair by iliac branch device of XXXX involving the iliac bifurcation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the applicability of marital resource (marriage has substantial benefits for well-being over not being married) or marital crisis (marital dissolution leads to poorer well-being) models to the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) population by studying the effects of sex, marital status, and marital transitions on well-being. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study from the @entity2 Model Systems National Database. SETTING: Community. @entity0 : @entity0 (n=4864) and @entity0 (n=1277) who sustained traumatic @entity2 and completed a minimum of 1 follow-up interview beginning at 1 year through 15 years postinjury. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: Life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and self-perceived health status by using linear mixed models for longitudinal data. RESULTS: In general, well-being improved over time since injury. Hypothesis testing supported the marital crisis model, as marital loss through being or becoming separated or divorced and being or becoming widowed, had the most consistent and negative impact across well-being outcomes, whereas being or becoming married had an advantage for only lower @entity1 symptoms over time. However, marital dissolution or loss did not have a uniformly adverse impact on well-being outcomes, and this effect often was moderated by sex, such that widows had @entity1 and poorer self-perceived health than widowers, but separated or divorced @entity0 had higher life satisfaction and self-perceived health than @entity0 . Irrespective of sex, being separated or divorced versus being single was associated with @entity1 over time. CONCLUSIONS: Results support the marital crisis model and that @entity0 and @entity0 can experience marital dissolution differently. All marital loss does not result in compromised well-being and all marriage does not enhance well-being, highlighting complex dynamics worthy of further investigation in this population.

title: Marital status, marital transitions, well-being, and XXXX : an examination of the effects of sex and time.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess whether gastrointestinal administration of iodinated contrast media results in peripheral @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 110 @entity0 in a retrospective review. @entity4 and @entity5 for abdominal CT were administered to 98 of these @entity0 ; 22 of the 98 had also been given the same contrast medium administered by enema. The remaining 12 @entity0 were given diatrizoate @entity1 for gastrointestinal fluoroscopy. A control group of 65 @entity0 underwent single-contrast barium upper gastrointestinal or enema examinations. WBC and eosinophil counts were determined approximately 24 hr before the examination and every 24 hr thereafter, through the ninth day. RESULTS: @entity3 was detected in 17 (15.5%) of 110 @entity0 after gastrointestinal administration of iodinated contrast media. The prevalence of @entity3 after administration of iodinated contrast media was statistically significantly different compared with that in the control group, in which none of the 65 @entity0 had @entity3 (p < 0.001). @entity3 was detected 48 hr after application of iodinated contrast agents and lasted through the sixth day, with a peak on the fifth day. The prevalence of @entity3 was independent of route of application, dose, or type of iodinated contrast medium. @entity3 in all cases was clinically asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: @entity3 that is caused by gastrointestinal administration of iodinated contrast media is a transient, clinically silent phenomenon. It may lead to unnecessary workup for known conditions associated with @entity3 .

title: Peripheral XXXX associated with gastrointestinal administration of iodinated contrast media.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Imaging-guided core needle biopsy is a well-established technique for the diagnosis of @entity13 and @entity0 -like lesions in specialized orthopedic oncology centers. OBJECTIVE: To present our results of computed tomography-guided core needle biopsy with assessment of the accuracy of the technique. METHODS: Between July 1998 and October 2000, 215 CT-guided core needle biopsies were performed and histologically examined in the Unit of Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology, @entity16 Aviv Sourasky Medical Center. There were 80 soft tissue and 135 @entity2 . All biopsies were performed by the same radiologist and the histologic examination by the same pathologist. To assess the accuracy of the procedure, we compared the diagnosis at biopsy with the diagnosis after definitive surgery (when available). RESULTS: Bone core needle biopsy (n = 135) showed malignancy in 89 cases (primary or recurrent @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity12 , @entity5 or @entity7 ). There were 29 benign lesions. In 17 cases the result was inconclusive and an open incisional biopsy was performed. Of the 80 soft tissue biopsies, 35 were malignant (25 soft tissue @entity6 , 6 @entity8 , 4 metastatic @entity5 ); 40 were benign ( @entity15 , @entity14 , @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity11 and others), and 5 were inconclusive and followed by an open incisional biopsy. The core needle biopsy histologic diagnosis was compared with that of the definitive surgery and the diagnostic accuracy was 90%. Only three samples initially diagnosed as benign turned out to be malignant. No significant complications occurred during the procedures. CONCLUSIONS: CT-guided CNB of @entity4 is a safe and effective procedure that assures sufficient and proper material for histologic examination. The accuracy of this method in our center was 90%. @entity0 sampling is extremely important, especially in soft tissue @entity6 , and cores should be taken in different directions, including areas of @entity1 . The processing is quick, especially for bone CNB, and diagnosis can be achieved within 24 hours. The material undergoes excellent fixation and the immunostains are reliable.

title: Computed tomography-guided core needle biopsy for XXXX .

answer: @entity13


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous studies have shown the hippocampus and basal ganglia to be highly sensitive to @entity1 . The authors' aim was to evaluate the long-term effects of perinatal @entity5 (PA) on the hippocampus and caudate nucleus in a group of @entity0 born at term and who met the criteria for @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Additionally, the authors looked for damage in other brain regions using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). METHODS: The sample consisted of 13 @entity0 (8 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 ) with a mean age at study of 16.23 years (+/- 2.89) with antecedents of perinatal @entity5 , diagnosed as moderate @entity6 . A group of 13 healthy adolescents matched for age, sex, educational level, and social background were recruited as a comparison group. MR scans were acquired on a 1.5T Signa (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI) to evaluate hippocampal and caudate volumes and to perform VBM analysis. Finally, Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test was administered to evaluate verbal long-term memory. RESULTS: @entity6 @entity0 were found to have bilateral hippocampal @entity3 (P = .015) and gray matter damage in @entity4 . The caudate nucleus showed no atrophic changes in PA @entity0 , and VBM analysis did not reveal other consistent @entity2 . Verbal long-term memory was slightly worse in @entity6 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that PA produces hippocampal and other nonspecific long-term damage, which cannot be compensated for by plasticity mechanisms. However, this damage does not preclude normal development and scholarship.

title: Residual hippocampal XXXX in asphyxiated term neonates.

answer: @entity3


abstract: By implantation of BSp73 @entity1 cells in a subcutaneous site and subsequent subcutaneous passage of either the local @entity0 node or metastatic lung tissue, variants were obtained which differed with respect to morphology and to metastatic capacity. The highly metastasizing variant ASML showed spherical morphology in culture, while the nonmetastatic variant @entity3 showed adhesion and spreading. Upon cloning it was observed that colonies with fully expressed morphotypes were readily obtained from solid tissue of both variants. Parental @entity1 as well as the @entity0 line derived from the primary solid @entity0 gave rise to stable expression of either morphotype only after prolonged culturing. Mixing of established clones did not result in an interclonal adaptation of growth rates in vivo. Further characterization of variants @entity3 and ASML revealed marked differences in the outer cell surface. Adhesion of @entity3 cells onto plastic was found to be mediated by fibronectin, laminin and 4 out of 5 collagen types. ASML cells showed adhesion only with collagen type III at higher concentrations. Cytogenetic analysis revealed that the adaptation of BSp73 cells to ascitic growth ultimately led to an increase in chromosome numbers, and this was conserved in ASML cells (modal number 63, range 49-74). @entity3 cells on the other hand showed a modal number of 47 (range 45-49). The chromosome count distribution was rather narrow in @entity1 cells in vivo, but it was very broad in clones derived thereof, indicating that diversity was obtained in culture rather than in vivo. The data are compatible with the assumption that the nonmetastatic variant was not preexisting in BSp73 @entity1 but represents a stable phenotype which infrequently arises in a particular microenvironment by chromosome loss from a @entity2 parental population.

title: Clonal analysis of diversity in the BSp73 rat XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Cure of muscle-invading @entity3 in 20% to 39% of @entity0 using full-dose external beam irradiation has been reported by many institutions in the last 10 years. Local failure occurs in 50% of @entity0 so treated, however, and successful selection criteria for bladder-sparing radiotherapy are necessary. Prognostic factors which have been identified to be associated with a relatively successful outcome using full-dose irradiation include (1) the clinical stages T2 and T3, (2) the absence of @entity5 on initial intravenous pyelogram, (3) a visibly "complete" transurethral resection having been achieved, and (4) complete response of the @entity1 to radiation. In addition, @entity1 control appears to be related to total dose administered. Analysis of the results of precystectomy radiation therapy, where @entity1 histology and small @entity1 size yielded improved survival, suggests that these characteristics also may prove to be beneficial in @entity0 selected for full-dose irradiation. The four-field box technique has become accepted as the best method to treat @entity0 using beams from linear accelerators or betatrons. The bladder and pelvic lymph nodes should be treated to 50.4 Gy in 1.8 Gy fractions, 5 days/week. A cone-down boost to the @entity1 volume only then is given for a total dose of 64.8 Gy to 68.4 Gy in 7.5 weeks. The posterior rectosigmoid should receive less than 60 Gy, and the anus and femoral head and neck should be limited to 45 to 50 Gy to avoid @entity2 . Innovative approaches to treatment of muscle-invading @entity3 now are being explored and include the use of intravesical misonidazole combined with fractionated external beam irradiation, and systemic @entity4 administration in combination with radiation. Techniques which have yielded good results in superficial @entity3 include open interstitial implantation, intraoperative single-dose electron beam irradiation, and trans-Foley radium applications. Further prospective evaluations of clinical and histologic @entity1 characteristics, treatment techniques and doses reviewed here will be necessary before definitive selection criteria for treatment with full-dose irradiation are established.

title: XXXX . The selection of @entity0 for treatment by full-dose irradiation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Cure of muscle-invading @entity3 in 20% to 39% of @entity0 using full-dose external beam irradiation has been reported by many institutions in the last 10 years. Local failure occurs in 50% of @entity0 so treated, however, and successful selection criteria for bladder-sparing radiotherapy are necessary. Prognostic factors which have been identified to be associated with a relatively successful outcome using full-dose irradiation include (1) the clinical stages T2 and T3, (2) the absence of @entity5 on initial intravenous pyelogram, (3) a visibly "complete" transurethral resection having been achieved, and (4) complete response of the @entity1 to radiation. In addition, @entity1 control appears to be related to total dose administered. Analysis of the results of precystectomy radiation therapy, where @entity1 histology and small @entity1 size yielded improved survival, suggests that these characteristics also may prove to be beneficial in @entity0 selected for full-dose irradiation. The four-field box technique has become accepted as the best method to treat @entity0 using beams from linear accelerators or betatrons. The bladder and pelvic lymph nodes should be treated to 50.4 Gy in 1.8 Gy fractions, 5 days/week. A cone-down boost to the @entity1 volume only then is given for a total dose of 64.8 Gy to 68.4 Gy in 7.5 weeks. The posterior rectosigmoid should receive less than 60 Gy, and the anus and femoral head and neck should be limited to 45 to 50 Gy to avoid @entity2 . Innovative approaches to treatment of muscle-invading @entity3 now are being explored and include the use of intravesical misonidazole combined with fractionated external beam irradiation, and systemic @entity4 administration in combination with radiation. Techniques which have yielded good results in superficial @entity3 include open interstitial implantation, intraoperative single-dose electron beam irradiation, and trans-Foley radium applications. Further prospective evaluations of clinical and histologic @entity1 characteristics, treatment techniques and doses reviewed here will be necessary before definitive selection criteria for treatment with full-dose irradiation are established.

title: @entity3 . The selection of XXXX for treatment by full-dose irradiation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The efficacy and safety of intramuscularly administered @entity5 / @entity7 was studied in 70 @entity0 with mild or moderately severe @entity4 (skin and soft tissue infections, @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity6 ). Doses of @entity5 / @entity7 ranged from 0.5 to 0.75 g twice daily. Fifty-five @entity0 were evaluable for bacteriological efficacy; in the remaining 15 @entity0 no pathogens were isolated or susceptibility data were lacking. MIC50 and MIC90 of @entity5 were 0.12 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l, respectively, for Gram-negative pathogens isolated and 0.25 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l, respectively, for Gram-positive pathogens. Only one strain (a Flavobacterium odoratum) was resistant to @entity5 . Clinical cure and bacteriological elimination was achieved in 94% of evaluable @entity0 while 3% showed marked clinical improvement. Two @entity0 were considered therapeutic failures. No clinical adverse effects were noted. Abnormal liver transaminases were recorded in 23% of the @entity0 and 11% developed @entity2 . In no @entity0 was @entity5 / @entity7 discontinued due to adverse effects. It is concluded that intramuscular @entity5 / @entity7 in these @entity0 was well tolerated and efficacious.

title: Intramuscular XXXX / @entity7 for treatment of mild and moderately severe @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The efficacy and safety of intramuscularly administered @entity5 / @entity7 was studied in 70 @entity0 with mild or moderately severe @entity4 (skin and soft tissue infections, @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity6 ). Doses of @entity5 / @entity7 ranged from 0.5 to 0.75 g twice daily. Fifty-five @entity0 were evaluable for bacteriological efficacy; in the remaining 15 @entity0 no pathogens were isolated or susceptibility data were lacking. MIC50 and MIC90 of @entity5 were 0.12 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l, respectively, for Gram-negative pathogens isolated and 0.25 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l, respectively, for Gram-positive pathogens. Only one strain (a Flavobacterium odoratum) was resistant to @entity5 . Clinical cure and bacteriological elimination was achieved in 94% of evaluable @entity0 while 3% showed marked clinical improvement. Two @entity0 were considered therapeutic failures. No clinical adverse effects were noted. Abnormal liver transaminases were recorded in 23% of the @entity0 and 11% developed @entity2 . In no @entity0 was @entity5 / @entity7 discontinued due to adverse effects. It is concluded that intramuscular @entity5 / @entity7 in these @entity0 was well tolerated and efficacious.

title: Intramuscular @entity5 / @entity7 for treatment of mild and moderately severe XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The efficacy and safety of intramuscularly administered @entity5 / @entity7 was studied in 70 @entity0 with mild or moderately severe @entity4 (skin and soft tissue infections, @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity6 ). Doses of @entity5 / @entity7 ranged from 0.5 to 0.75 g twice daily. Fifty-five @entity0 were evaluable for bacteriological efficacy; in the remaining 15 @entity0 no pathogens were isolated or susceptibility data were lacking. MIC50 and MIC90 of @entity5 were 0.12 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l, respectively, for Gram-negative pathogens isolated and 0.25 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l, respectively, for Gram-positive pathogens. Only one strain (a Flavobacterium odoratum) was resistant to @entity5 . Clinical cure and bacteriological elimination was achieved in 94% of evaluable @entity0 while 3% showed marked clinical improvement. Two @entity0 were considered therapeutic failures. No clinical adverse effects were noted. Abnormal liver transaminases were recorded in 23% of the @entity0 and 11% developed @entity2 . In no @entity0 was @entity5 / @entity7 discontinued due to adverse effects. It is concluded that intramuscular @entity5 / @entity7 in these @entity0 was well tolerated and efficacious.

title: Intramuscular @entity5 / XXXX for treatment of mild and moderately severe @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Severe heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia associated with @entity2 is a well known complication, although the exact pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. It sets the problem of whether to continue heparin therapy because standard heparin must be withdrawn. Heparin is a mucopolysaccharide composed of fractions of different molecular weights. The fractions with high molecular weights have been held responsible for these severe @entity1 and so, the use of low molecular weight heparin has been suggested. The authors used subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin ( @entity5 Choay Institute) at empirical doses of 350 to 1 500 units/kg/24 hour in six cases of severe heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia. Platelet counts rapidly returned to normal (4 days on average) in 5 cases. Thrombocytopaenia persisted with low molecular weight heparin in 1 case. The study of @entity3 was positive with low molecular weight heparin in this case and the platelet count returned to normal when the treatment was withdrawn. The authors conclude that, although low molecular weight heparin is useful in severe heparin-induced thrombocytopaenia, its efficacy remains modest. Not only may @entity3 persist with low molecular weight heparin which rekindles the debate as to its pathogenic mechanism, but also low molecular weight heparin may have a slight antithrombin effect which limits its use in @entity0 at high risk of @entity2 , imposing treatment with fast acting @entity4 antagonists.

title: [Severe XXXX from heparin: value of the use of low molecular weight heparin. Apropos of 6 cases].

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To report details concerning symptoms ( @entity2 ) preceding the development of @entity5 ( @entity5 ); delays between onset/reporting of symptoms and confirmed diagnosis of @entity5 ; accuracy of investigations carried out. METHODS: A prospective observational study examined the diagnosis, management and outcome of 319 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity5 at three Scottish @entity1 centres between January 1998-April 1999. The process was considered from the perspectives of the @entity0 , the GP and the hospital doctor. RESULTS: At diagnosis, most @entity0 (82%) were either unable to walk or only able to do so with help. @entity2 was reported by nearly all @entity0 interviewed (94%) and had been present for approximately 3 months (median=90 days). It was severe in 84% of cases, with the distribution and characteristics of nerve @entity2 in 79%. The site of @entity2 did not correspond to the site of compression. Where reported, @entity3 had been noticed by the @entity0 for some time before diagnosis (median intervals 20 and 12 days, respectively). Most @entity0 reported early symptoms to their General Practitioner (GP) and diagnosis was established, following referral and investigation, approximately 2 months (median=66 days) later. CONCLUSION: @entity0 who develop spinal metastases are at risk of irreversible @entity4 . @entity3 and @entity6 are reported late and identified even later, despite @entity0 having reported @entity2 for a considerable time. @entity0 with @entity1 who describe severe back or spinal nerve @entity2 need urgent assessment on the basis of their symptoms, as signs may occur too late. Plain films and bone scans requested for @entity0 in this audit predicted accurately the level of compression in only 21% and 19% of cases, respectively. The only accurate investigation to establish the presence and site of a compressive lesion is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A referral guideline based on suspicious symptoms in addition to suspicious signs is suggested.

title: Don't wait for a sensory level--listen to the symptoms: a prospective audit of the delays in diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity1 are seen in up to 5% of the population. They become symptomatic when they are large and can cause @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity4 , early satiety and obstructive @entity5 . Treatment modalities include percutaneous drainage, open deroofing, hepatic resection and lately, laparoscopic deroofing. We assessed our management of eleven symptomatic @entity0 over the last five years between May 1996 and August 2001. Two of these had mild symptoms and were kept under review. The remaining nine were treated surgically. Of these, eight were treated by laparotomy and open deroofing with argon laser coagulation of the cut edges while one was treated with left hepatic resection. Three of these had been previously treated with laparoscopic deroofing at other hospitals and had been referred after having developed recurrent symptomatic cysts. Two @entity0 developed post-operative complications--bile leakage that resolved with conservative management. The @entity0 were followed up for a median period of twelve months ranging from 3-62 months. One @entity0 died of @entity6 12 months after surgery. There was no symptomatic recurrence. We conclude that open cyst deroofing gives marked symptomatic relief with a very low complication rate. In today's era of laparoscopic surgery, it has a definite role in the management of symptomatic @entity1 , more so in recurrent cysts following laparoscopic treatment.

title: Management of symptomatic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: After acute regional coronary occlusion, myocardial tissue PCO2, as measured by mass spectrometry, rises, reaches a peak, and then gradually falls. This late fall in myocardial tissue PCO2 could be due to (1) a gradual increase in tissue blood flow (and hence improved @entity2 washout), (2) a gradual consumption of tissue @entity3 , (3) a gradual reduction in the production of @entity2 due to progressive cellular damage, or (4) an artifact caused by the continued presence of the mass spectrometer probe in the @entity0 tissue. To determine which of these four mechanisms is responsible for the late fall in myocardial tissue PCO2, we subjected 27 anesthetized open-chest @entity1 to 3-hour occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Both myocardial tissue PCO2 and intramyocardial @entity4 ion concentration were measured in the myocardial segment supplied by the left anterior descending coronary artery. Ten @entity1 (group 1) were killed after the occlusion (occlusion I), and 11 @entity1 (group 2) underwent reocclusion (occlusion II) at the same site after a 45-minute period of reflow. Regional myocardial blood flow was measured periodically by the intramural injection of 127Xe. Changes in myocardial tissue PCO2 and @entity4 ion concentration were related to ultrastructural changes in the tissues adjacent to the myocardial tissue PCO2 probe. Regional myocardial blood flow remained unchanged throughout the 3-hour occlusion, ruling out increased @entity2 washout as a cause for its late fall. Tissue @entity4 ion concentration, as measured by a new lead glass electrode, correlated well with myocardial tissue PCO2, with the reduction in regional myocardial blood flow, and with @entity0 damage assessed histologically. Myocardial @entity4 ion concentration also exhibited a late fall after the occlusion, from a peak of 199.8 +/- 27.8 nmol/liter to 91.9 +/- 12.1 nmol/liter (mean +/- SEM). This ruled out consumption of tissue @entity3 as the cause for the late fall in myocardial tissue PCO2. Peak rise in myocardial tissue PCO2 after occlusion II (71.2 +/- 7.9 mm Hg) was significantly lower than peak myocardial tissue PCO2 after occlusion I (116.7 +/- 13.9 mm Hg, P less than 0.001). The difference between these latter two values, as well as the magnitude of fall in myocardial tissue PCO2 during occlusion I, related directly to the degree of histological damage observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The significance of the late fall in myocardial PCO2 and its relationship to myocardial pH after regional coronary occlusion in the XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with a discrepancy between clinical presentation and echocardiographic severity of @entity1 require invasive hemodynamic assessment. The comparative safety and feasibility of transradial cardiac catheterization in comparison with the traditional transfemoral approach in this usually complex subset of @entity0 is not known. We sought to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and time to cross severely stenosed aortic valves via radial approach. METHODS: All @entity0 who were successfully assessed for @entity1 with a dual-lumen catheter and found to have severe @entity1 (calculated @entity2 area <1.0 cm  ) in the last 2 years at our institution were retrospectively evaluated. Demographic, clinical, and procedural data were compared between the TF group (femoral arterial and venous access) and TR group (radial artery and basilic or cephalic vein access). RESULTS: A total of 176 @entity0 underwent left and right heart catheterization using femoral access, while 58 @entity0 had their procedures performed via radial artery and arm vein access. Fluoroscopy time was comparable between TR and TF groups (14.97    4.6 minutes vs 12.90    3.9 minutes, respectively; P=.23), as was the time to cross the @entity2 (132    209 seconds vs 128    226 seconds, respectively; P=.39). Incidence of cerebrovascular events was not different between the two groups (2.3% vs 1.75%, respectively; P=.14). Access-site complications were significantly higher in the TF group vs the TR group (5.11% vs 0%, respectively; P<.01). CONCLUSION: Transradial retrograde crossing of severely stenosed @entity2 is feasible using ordinary equipment, with reduced access-site related complications.

title: Hemodynamic Assessment of Severe XXXX via Transradial Approach is Safe.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical presentation of @entity4 disease and the safety and effectiveness of treatment may differ in elderly compared with younger populations related to relative @entity3 , co-morbidities and drug interactions. However, elderly populations with @entity4 disease have not been comprehensively studied. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A retrospective analysis was performed on an observational cohort of all confirmed @entity4 cases managed at Barwon Health from 1/1/1998-31/12/2014. The cohort included 327 @entity0 ; 131(40.0%) >= 65 years and 196(60.0%) <65 years of age. @entity0 >= 65 years had a shorter median duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis (p<0.01), a higher proportion with @entity1 (p<0.001) and immune suppression (p<0.001), and were more likely to have lesions that were multiple (OR 4.67, 95% CI 1.78-12.31, p<0.001) and WHO category 3 (OR 4.59, 95% CI 1.98-10.59, p<0.001). Antibiotic complications occurred in 69(24.3%) treatment episodes at an increased incidence in those aged >= 65 years (OR 5.29, 95% CI 2.81-9.98, p<0.001). There were 4(1.2%) deaths, with significantly more in the age-group >= 65 years (4 compared with 0 deaths, p = 0.01). The overall treatment success rate was 92.2%. For the age-group >= 65 years there was a reduced rate of treatment success overall (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14-0.80, p = <0.01) and when surgery was used alone (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.06-0.76, p<0.01). @entity0 >= 65 years were more likely to have a paradoxical reaction (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.17-3.62, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Elderly @entity0 comprise a significant proportion of @entity4 disease @entity0 in Australian populations and present with more severe and advanced disease forms. Currently recommended treatments are associated with increased @entity2 and reduced effectiveness in elderly populations. Increased efforts are required to diagnose @entity4 earlier in elderly populations, and research is urgently required to develop more effective and less toxic treatments for this age-group.

title: XXXX in the Elderly: More Severe Disease and Suboptimal Outcomes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 is the most commonly isolated bacterium in @entity2 , especially in acute uncomplicated @entity4 . It is reported that @entity5 -resistant @entity3 is increasing. However, according to the guidelines for antimicrobial use published by the Japanese Associations for @entity1 (JAID) and the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC) in 2014, the first line antimicrobial regimen for the treatment of acute uncomplicated @entity4 is a 3-day regimen with @entity5 . We analyzed the causative bacteria and clinical efficacy of antimicrobial treatment in acute uncomplicated @entity4 cases at our institute. @entity0 diagnosed as having acute uncomplicated @entity4 who had >=  10(4) colony-forming units/mL of bacteria in their midstream urine in our outpatient clinic between 2012 and 2013 were enrolled in this study. We analyzed their clinical data retrospectively. From 173 @entity0 , 212 strains were isolated. Of these, 135 (63.7%) were @entity3 , including 15 strains (11.1%) that were @entity6 resistant. One hundred twenty-three @entity0 (63.7%) were treated with @entity7 , and 46 @entity0 (26.6%) were treated with @entity5 . In all, 140 @entity0 (80.9%) visited the outpatient clinic for an average of 8.4 days after their treatment. For 130 @entity0 (92.6%), the clinical outcomes of antimicrobial treatment were judged as effective. The clinical outcomes were effective in 92.1% of the @entity0 with @entity7 treatment and in 97.1% of those with @entity5 treatment. Only one @entity0 who had @entity6 -resistant @entity3 in her urine was treated with @entity5 . The clinical outcome was effective. Of the @entity3 isolated from acute uncomplicated @entity4 @entity0 , 11.1% were @entity6 -resistant strains. However, the clinical efficacy of antimicrobial treatment was relatively high (92.9%) in this study. The antimicrobial treatment for acute uncomplicated @entity4 recommended by the guidelines published by the JAID and JSC was effective in the current situation.

title: [Clinical Study of Acute Uncomplicated XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: This article outlines the ingredients the authors feel are critical to making social skills interventions successful for @entity0 with @entity1 . The authors described basic principles for teaching social skills that capitalize on the strengths of such @entity0 , while specifically addressing their deficits. The authors applied these widely used principles to group social skills intervention. In particular, social skills groups for @entity0 with @entity2 need to break down complex social behaviors into concrete steps and rules that can be memorized and practiced in a variety of settings. Abstract concepts must be made concrete through a variety of visual, tangible, "hands-on" activities that make socialization fun. Visual structure and predictable routines are essential. Also critical to the success of social skills intervention are instruction and activities that provide necessary support for the language abilities of the @entity0 . A variety of learning opportunities must be used to teach the goals and skills most relevant to @entity0 with @entity2 . These skills must be integrated as intervention progresses. Furthermore, interactions that require the @entity0 to focus on peers create a positive social group culture. Within this culture and environment, self-awareness and positive self-esteem can be fostered. A behavior plan that specifies individual goals for group members and a specific system for delivering rewards should be included. Other important ingredients include generalization, which is encouraged through community outings, skill practice in more naturalistic settings, and collaboration with parents and teachers to work on skills outside the group intervention. Weekly therapy does little to change basic deficits of @entity2 unless there is daily practice and reinforcement of the skills being learned in more natural situations. The authors hope that outlining these principles and specific techniques will encourage more clinicians to offer social skills groups and thus increase their availability around the nation and world. Continued research and treatment for social skills is necessary to provide much needed empiric evidence to determine effectiveness of such interventions.

title: Social skills interventions for the XXXX spectrum: essential ingredients and a model curriculum.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rituximab is widely used in kidney transplantation. However, it is not clear whether the conventional doses of maintenance immunosuppressant in rituximab-treated kidney transplantation (KT) are appropriate. In our previous study, decreasing @entity3 ( @entity4 ) dose due to infection did not increase the incidence of rejection or graft failure. Based on these experiences, we developed a new protocol with a lower dose of @entity4 and studied its clinical outcomes in rituximab-treated KT. METHODS: We enrolled all @entity0 who underwent ABO-incompatible or human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-sensitized living donor KT with the new immunosuppressant protocol after preconditioning with rituximab, but without splenectomy from November 2011 to May 2013. Seventy-two @entity0 (group 1) were consecutively enrolled in this study and followed until November 2013. @entity0 from our previous study served as control groups. Sixty-seven @entity0 received KT using rituximab with a conventional dose of @entity4 (group 2), and 87 @entity0 received ABO compatible KT without need for rituximab (group 3). Clinical outcomes, including rejection, infection, and graft survival, were compared between the groups. The    (2) test and Fisher's exact test were used for categorical variables, the Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for continuous variables, and a log-rank test was used for mortality analysis. RESULTS: Doses of postoperative @entity4 (g/day) were lower in group 1 than in the other groups (1.03    0.19, 1.48    0.34 and 1.48    0.32 g/day at 1 week, p < 0.001). @entity2 occurred more often in groups with conventional @entity4 doses (group 2 and 3) than in group 1 (16.7 vs. 37.3 %, p = 0.007 and 16.7 vs. 34.5 %, p = 0.012, respectively). Notably, group 1 showed a lower incidence of @entity5 than group 2. However, reduction in @entity4 dose did not increase the incidence of acute rejection (4.2, 4.5 and 10.3 %). Only one graft failure occurred in group 2 due to vessel kinking after operation. There were no significant differences in the incidence of @entity1 and mortality between groups. CONCLUSIONS: A low @entity4 dose reduces infection without increasing rejection or graft loss and it may be appropriate to reduce the dose of @entity4 for rituximab-treated KT @entity0 .

title: Low dose of XXXX is enough in desensitized kidney transplantation using rituximab.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The potential to rapidly capture the entire microbial community structure and/or gene content makes metagenomic sequencing an attractive tool for pathogen identification and the detection of resistance/virulence genes in clinical settings. Here, we assessed the consistency between PCR from a diagnostic laboratory, quantitative PCR (qPCR) from a research laboratory, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) for @entity2 identification in @entity0 stool samples. Twenty-two @entity2 -positive @entity0 samples identified by PCR and qPCR and five @entity2 -negative @entity0 controls were studied. @entity2 was detected in 90.9% of @entity2 -positive samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and @entity2 was detected in 86.3% of @entity2 -positive samples using @entity4 . CFU inferred from qPCR analysis were positively correlated with the relative abundance of @entity2 from 16S rRNA gene sequencing (r(2) = -0.60) and @entity4 (r(2) = -0.55). @entity2 was codetected with @entity3 , norovirus, sapovirus, parechovirus, and anellovirus in 3.7% to 27.3% of the samples. A high load of Candida spp. was found in a symptomatic control sample in which no causative agents for @entity0 were identified in routine clinical testing. Beta-lactamase and @entity1 resistance genes were the most prevalent (25.9%) antibiotic resistance genes in these samples. In summary, the proof-of-concept study demonstrated that next-generation sequencing (NGS) in pathogen detection is moderately correlated with laboratory testing and is advantageous in detecting pathogens without a priori knowledge.

title: Metagenomic Approach for Identification of the Pathogens Associated with XXXX in Stool Specimens.

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY QUESTION: How do @entity1 reason about and experience information-sharing with offspring following identity-release sperm donation? SUMMARY ANSWER: Sharing information about using donor-conception with offspring is a complex process at several levels, with the parent's personal beliefs and the @entity0 's responses serving as driving or impeding forces for the information-sharing process. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The overall view of disclosure in gamete donation has shifted from secrecy to openness, but there is still uncertainty among parents concerning how and when to tell the @entity0 about his/her genetic origin. Most research on donor-conceived families has focused on donation treatment under anonymous or known circumstances, and there is a lack of studies in settings with identity-release donations. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A qualitative interview study among 30 parents following identity-release sperm donation treatment. Interviews were conducted from February 2014 to March 2015. @entity0 /MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: The present study is part of the prospective longitudinal Swedish Study on Gamete Donation (SSGD), including all fertility clinics performing gamete donation in Sweden. A sample of @entity0 in the SSGD, consisting of @entity1 with @entity0 aged 7-8 years following identity-release sperm donation, participated in individual semi-structured interviews. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The analysis revealed one main theme: information-sharing is a process, with three subthemes; (i) the parent as process manager, (ii) the @entity0 as force or friction and (iii) being in the process. The first two subthemes were viewed as being linked together and their content served as driving or impeding forces in the information-sharing process. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The fact that the study was performed within the context of the Swedish legislation on identity-release donation must be taken into consideration as regards transferability to other populations, as this may affect parents' reasoning concerning their information-sharing with the @entity0 . WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The present findings highlight the role of the donor-conceived @entity0 in the information-sharing process and may contribute to develop counselling that increases parents' confidence in handling @entity0 's reactions to information about their genetic origin. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: Financial support from The Swedish Research Council, The Family Planning Fund in Uppsala and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. There are no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: N/A.

title: It takes two to tango: information-sharing with offspring among XXXX following identity-release sperm donation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The occurrence of @entity2 in the nasopharynx and middle ear exudate was investigated in 3 studies. Bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 63% of 180 healthy @entity0 and @entity2 , the most common bacterium present, was isolated in 36%. In 75 @entity0 with primary @entity1 , bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 98% and from the middle ear exudate in 80%. @entity2 was found in the nasopharynx in 43% and in the middle ear exudate in pure culture in 9%. In those @entity0 in whom @entity2 was isolated from the middle ear exudate it was also present in the nasopharynx. In 420 @entity0 , 338 with primary @entity1 and 82 who relapsed or did not respond to previous antibiotic therapy, @entity2 was isolated from the nasopharynx in approximately 50%. About half of the @entity2 strains were beta-lactamase-producing and the majority of these strains were isolated in @entity0 under 3 years of age. Of @entity0 with primary @entity1 who had beta-lactamase-producing @entity2 about 50% had not previously received antibiotic treatment. @entity2 is commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy @entity0 as well as in @entity0 with @entity1 . Many of the strains are beta-lactamase-producing though many of the @entity0 have not been previously treated with antibiotics. In middle ear exudate, @entity2 is found in about 10% of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX media in Sweden. Role of @entity2 and the rationale for choice of antimicrobial therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The occurrence of @entity2 in the nasopharynx and middle ear exudate was investigated in 3 studies. Bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 63% of 180 healthy @entity0 and @entity2 , the most common bacterium present, was isolated in 36%. In 75 @entity0 with primary @entity1 , bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 98% and from the middle ear exudate in 80%. @entity2 was found in the nasopharynx in 43% and in the middle ear exudate in pure culture in 9%. In those @entity0 in whom @entity2 was isolated from the middle ear exudate it was also present in the nasopharynx. In 420 @entity0 , 338 with primary @entity1 and 82 who relapsed or did not respond to previous antibiotic therapy, @entity2 was isolated from the nasopharynx in approximately 50%. About half of the @entity2 strains were beta-lactamase-producing and the majority of these strains were isolated in @entity0 under 3 years of age. Of @entity0 with primary @entity1 who had beta-lactamase-producing @entity2 about 50% had not previously received antibiotic treatment. @entity2 is commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy @entity0 as well as in @entity0 with @entity1 . Many of the strains are beta-lactamase-producing though many of the @entity0 have not been previously treated with antibiotics. In middle ear exudate, @entity2 is found in about 10% of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity1 media in Sweden. Role of XXXX and the rationale for choice of antimicrobial therapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Meta-analysis studies showed that smokers have increased risk for developing @entity4 ( @entity4 ) compared with non-smokers, and neuroimaging studies revealed that smoking damages white matter structural integrity. OBJECTIVE: The present study characterizes the effects of side-stream (second hand) cigarette smoke (CS) exposures on the expression of genes that regulate oligodendrocyte myelin-synthesis, maturation, and maintenance and neuroglial functions. METHODS: Adult male A/J @entity1 were exposed to air (8 weeks; A8), CS (4 or 8 weeks; CS4, CS8), or CS8 followed by 2 weeks recovery (CS8+R). The frontal lobes were used for histology and qRT-PCR analysis. RESULTS: Luxol fast blue, @entity5 and @entity6 stained histological sections revealed CS-associated reductions in myelin staining intensity and narrowing of the corpus callosum. CS exposures broadly decreased mRNA levels of immature and mature oligodendrocyte myelin-associated, neuroglial, and oligodendrocyte-related transcription factors. These effects were more prominent in the CS8 compared with CS4 group, suggesting that molecular @entity2 and @entity0 worsen with duration of CS exposure. Recovery normalized or upregulated less than 25% of the suppressed genes; in most cases, inhibition of gene expression was either sustained or exacerbated. CONCLUSION: CS exposures broadly inhibit expression of genes needed for myelin synthesis and maintenance. These adverse effects often were not reversed by short-term CS withdrawal. The results support the hypothesis that smoking contributes to @entity2 , and therefore could be a key risk factor for a number of @entity3 , including @entity4 .

title: Tobacco Smoke-Induced Brain White Matter Myelin Dysfunction: Potential Co-Factor Role of Smoking in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A system combining visual recording of rearing and grooming, with automatic measurement of slow and fast components of locomotion, was examined for its suitability as a means of studying the effects on behaviour of conventional and novel dopaminergic drugs in the @entity0 . @entity4 (0.1-10 mg/kg) selectively stimulated fast movements and affected rearing bimodally. @entity3 (0.01-5 mg/kg) influenced locomotion polyphasically, depressing fast movements and enhancing slow ones, and producing parallel changes in rearing. Both drugs reduced grooming monotonically. A dose of @entity3 (25 micrograms/kg) which is considered to act presynaptically produced @entity1 -resistant sedation, while a larger dose (0.5 mg/kg; with postsynaptic actions) evoked head-down sniffing and ponderous walking that were partially prevented by pretreatment with 0.05 mg/kg @entity1 (D2 blocker), but not 0.01 mg/kg @entity5 (D1 blocker). The behavioural effects of @entity1 (0.2-0.4 mg/kg) and @entity5 (0.05 mg/kg) were indistinguishable; both drugs caused sedation and inhibited all forms of motor activity. Small doses of @entity5 (2-10 micrograms/kg) and large doses of the D1 agonist @entity2 (3-10 mg/kg) evoked excessive grooming. The drug @entity2 (1-30 mg/kg) had no other effects on motor behaviour, whereas the whole spectrum of pre- and postsynaptic motor responses produced by @entity3 could be duplicated with the D2 agonist @entity6 (0.05-15 mg/kg). The differential sensitivity of fast and slow components of locomotion to treatment with drug suggests these are qualitatively distinct responses. The results implicate D2 receptors in the mechanisms of locomotion and rearing, and D1 receptors in the expression of grooming.

title: Differential effects of dopamine D1 and D2 agonists and antagonists on velocity of movement, rearing and grooming in the XXXX . Implications for the roles of D1 and D2 receptors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity4 is the most common solid @entity3 in adults worldwide. To provide the insight of clinicopathologica epidemiological characteristics and change tendencies of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), 2154 cases were collected from Shanxi Province of China, including diagnose time, age, gender, @entity2 size, Fuhrman grade, @entity2 stage, @entity2 location, local advance or distant @entity1 and first symptom from 2005 to 2014. This retrospectively investigation, as its general objective, was to analyze the clinicopathologica epidemiological characteristics and the change tendencies of @entity4 . METHODS: Between 2005 and 2014, 2154 @entity0 who were diagnosed with @entity4 in three large tertiary hospitals at Shanxi Province were included. The @entity0 ' demographic features, pathological diagnoses and metastatic statuses were analyzed. Statistics methods include the chi-squared test, analysis of variance, Spearman's correlation analysis, Logistic regression and ARIMA modeling. RESULTS: Of the 2154 included @entity0 , the constituent ratio of female /male was 63.1% and 36.9%, with the median age of 57 years old. Fuhrman grade distributions differed significantly between males and females (p = 0.024). Also, a significant difference in @entity2 size was found by different clinical stages (p < 0.001), with a linear correlation (p < 0.001). Moreover, Spearman's analysis indicated @entity2 grade has a negative correlation with female (p = 0.009) and a positive correlation with @entity2 size (p = 0.000). It was found that the @entity2 diameter is bigger in the left side (p = 0.022). Furthermore, the @entity1 rate was higher in the bigger @entity2 (p < 0.001) and the left-sided @entity2 (p = 0.027). Logistic regression also showed that @entity2 size is a risk factor for @entity1 (OR = 1.724). The risk of local advance or distant @entity1 in the left kidney was 1.6-fold greater than that of the right kidney. From 2005 to 2014 the number of @entity4 cases gradually increased (mainly for pathological grade II and III, but grade I and IV), while the average @entity2 size decreased, showing the severity increase mildly. Base on the results of a time series analysis-prediction the average @entity4 size would continue to decrease from the first quarter of 2015 to the fourth quarter of 2016. CONCLUSIONS: The cases of @entity4 increased from 2005 to 2014 with clear cell type as the main pathological type in this population. The characteristics in the constituent ratios of the @entity4 vary depending on gender, pathological grade, @entity2 size, and location, which may be the important factors impacting treatment and prognosis.

title: Clinicopathologica Epidemiological Characteristics and Change XXXX in Shanxi Province of China from 2005 to 2014.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Each of 62 females were studied for a period of between two and 72 months (mean 36 months) following the removal of a @entity4 by transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Our aims were to define the relationships between pre- and post-operative features, the operative findings and the functional outcome. Pre-operative serum @entity5 (PRL) concentrations correlated with @entity1 diameter (r = 0.55, p less than 0.001). Following surgery two groups of @entity0 were identified: Group 1, 46 spontaneously and regularly menstruating @entity0 and Group 2, 16 @entity0 with persistent @entity6 . The @entity0 in Group 1 had significantly lower pre-operative and post-operative serum (PRL) concentrations (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.001 respectively) and significantly greater PRL responses to thyrotrophin releasing hormone ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 stimulation after surgery (p less than 0.001). There was not a significant difference in @entity1 size between the groups. Forty-four (96 per cent) of the @entity0 in Group 1 had normal post-operative serum PRL concentrations within one week of surgery. By comparison (p less than 0.001) only 42 and 20 per cent respectively of Group 1 @entity0 who were tested had normal @entity2 and @entity3 evoked PRL secretion following surgery. Return of regular menstruation was associated with cessation of @entity7 in 44 @entity0 (96 per cent) and ovulation occurred in 37 of 38 menstruating @entity0 for whom data are available. All @entity0 with normal @entity2 and @entity3 stimulation tests menstruated spontaneously. Nevertheless most @entity0 who menstruated did so in spite of retaining suppressed PRL responses. Of 46 @entity0 followed to date whose serum PRL was normal one week after surgery, seven later were found to have an elevation of serum PRL outside the normal range but in only two has this been persistent. We suggest that a single measurement of serum PRL one week following transsphenoidal pituitary surgery for @entity4 provides a good basis for deciding about the future management of @entity0 who desire menstruation and pregnancy.

title: XXXX dynamics and @entity1 size in the prediction of surgical outcome for @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Each of 62 females were studied for a period of between two and 72 months (mean 36 months) following the removal of a @entity4 by transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Our aims were to define the relationships between pre- and post-operative features, the operative findings and the functional outcome. Pre-operative serum @entity5 (PRL) concentrations correlated with @entity1 diameter (r = 0.55, p less than 0.001). Following surgery two groups of @entity0 were identified: Group 1, 46 spontaneously and regularly menstruating @entity0 and Group 2, 16 @entity0 with persistent @entity6 . The @entity0 in Group 1 had significantly lower pre-operative and post-operative serum (PRL) concentrations (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.001 respectively) and significantly greater PRL responses to thyrotrophin releasing hormone ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 stimulation after surgery (p less than 0.001). There was not a significant difference in @entity1 size between the groups. Forty-four (96 per cent) of the @entity0 in Group 1 had normal post-operative serum PRL concentrations within one week of surgery. By comparison (p less than 0.001) only 42 and 20 per cent respectively of Group 1 @entity0 who were tested had normal @entity2 and @entity3 evoked PRL secretion following surgery. Return of regular menstruation was associated with cessation of @entity7 in 44 @entity0 (96 per cent) and ovulation occurred in 37 of 38 menstruating @entity0 for whom data are available. All @entity0 with normal @entity2 and @entity3 stimulation tests menstruated spontaneously. Nevertheless most @entity0 who menstruated did so in spite of retaining suppressed PRL responses. Of 46 @entity0 followed to date whose serum PRL was normal one week after surgery, seven later were found to have an elevation of serum PRL outside the normal range but in only two has this been persistent. We suggest that a single measurement of serum PRL one week following transsphenoidal pituitary surgery for @entity4 provides a good basis for deciding about the future management of @entity0 who desire menstruation and pregnancy.

title: @entity5 dynamics and @entity1 size in the prediction of surgical outcome for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Each of 62 females were studied for a period of between two and 72 months (mean 36 months) following the removal of a @entity4 by transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. Our aims were to define the relationships between pre- and post-operative features, the operative findings and the functional outcome. Pre-operative serum @entity5 (PRL) concentrations correlated with @entity1 diameter (r = 0.55, p less than 0.001). Following surgery two groups of @entity0 were identified: Group 1, 46 spontaneously and regularly menstruating @entity0 and Group 2, 16 @entity0 with persistent @entity6 . The @entity0 in Group 1 had significantly lower pre-operative and post-operative serum (PRL) concentrations (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.001 respectively) and significantly greater PRL responses to thyrotrophin releasing hormone ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 stimulation after surgery (p less than 0.001). There was not a significant difference in @entity1 size between the groups. Forty-four (96 per cent) of the @entity0 in Group 1 had normal post-operative serum PRL concentrations within one week of surgery. By comparison (p less than 0.001) only 42 and 20 per cent respectively of Group 1 @entity0 who were tested had normal @entity2 and @entity3 evoked PRL secretion following surgery. Return of regular menstruation was associated with cessation of @entity7 in 44 @entity0 (96 per cent) and ovulation occurred in 37 of 38 menstruating @entity0 for whom data are available. All @entity0 with normal @entity2 and @entity3 stimulation tests menstruated spontaneously. Nevertheless most @entity0 who menstruated did so in spite of retaining suppressed PRL responses. Of 46 @entity0 followed to date whose serum PRL was normal one week after surgery, seven later were found to have an elevation of serum PRL outside the normal range but in only two has this been persistent. We suggest that a single measurement of serum PRL one week following transsphenoidal pituitary surgery for @entity4 provides a good basis for deciding about the future management of @entity0 who desire menstruation and pregnancy.

title: @entity5 dynamics and XXXX size in the prediction of surgical outcome for @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was made of the influence of the anti-inflammatory agent @entity7 on @entity4 after total hip replacement for @entity6 , @entity2 or @entity3 . Seven drop-outs left 21 @entity0 on medication and 22 on placebo in two comparable groups. @entity4 appeared in one third of the @entity0 in the @entity7 group and in three fourths in the control group 12 months after surgery. Five @entity0 in the latter group developed true heterotopic bone, compared to one of the @entity0 on medication. @entity4 was as common among osteoarthritic @entity0 as among others. There was no difference in the range of motion at 12 months postoperatively between @entity0 with and without @entity4 . In the 22 @entity0 with @entity4 this was demonstrated in all but eight within 6 weeks, and in only three did it appear later than 3 months postoperatively. Five of the six @entity0 who showed heterotopic bone with trabecular structure were male. Since @entity1 is a dominant feature in the postoperative phase, the effect of @entity7 on @entity4 is probably its inhibition of the synthesis of @entity5 . This implies that prevention is most successful if commenced before or at the time of operation.

title: Effect of XXXX on @entity4 after hip replacement.

answer: @entity7


abstract: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was made of the influence of the anti-inflammatory agent @entity7 on @entity4 after total hip replacement for @entity6 , @entity2 or @entity3 . Seven drop-outs left 21 @entity0 on medication and 22 on placebo in two comparable groups. @entity4 appeared in one third of the @entity0 in the @entity7 group and in three fourths in the control group 12 months after surgery. Five @entity0 in the latter group developed true heterotopic bone, compared to one of the @entity0 on medication. @entity4 was as common among osteoarthritic @entity0 as among others. There was no difference in the range of motion at 12 months postoperatively between @entity0 with and without @entity4 . In the 22 @entity0 with @entity4 this was demonstrated in all but eight within 6 weeks, and in only three did it appear later than 3 months postoperatively. Five of the six @entity0 who showed heterotopic bone with trabecular structure were male. Since @entity1 is a dominant feature in the postoperative phase, the effect of @entity7 on @entity4 is probably its inhibition of the synthesis of @entity5 . This implies that prevention is most successful if commenced before or at the time of operation.

title: Effect of @entity7 on XXXX after hip replacement.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous research on the effect of replacing sources of animal protein with plant protein on glycemic control has been inconsistent. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) to assess the effect of this replacement on glycemic control in individuals with @entity0 . We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases through 26 August 2015. We included @entity1 >=  3-weeks comparing the effect of replacing animal with plant protein on HbA1c, fasting @entity2 (FG), and fasting insulin (FI). Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data, assessed study quality and risk of bias. Data were pooled by the generic inverse variance method and expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed (Cochran Q-statistic) and quantified (I  -statistic). Thirteen @entity1 (n = 280) met the eligibility criteria. Diets emphasizing a replacement of animal with plant protein at a median level of ~35% of total protein per day significantly lowered HbA1c (MD = -0.15%; 95%-CI: -0.26, -0.05%), FG (MD = -0.53 mmol/L; 95%-CI: -0.92, -0.13 mmol/L) and FI (MD = -10.09 pmol/L; 95%-CI: -17.31, -2.86 pmol/L) compared with control arms. Overall, the results indicate that replacing sources of animal with plant protein leads to modest improvements in glycemic control in individuals with @entity0 . Owing to uncertainties in our analyses there is a need for larger, longer, higher quality trials. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT02037321.

title: Effect of Replacing Animal Protein with Plant Protein on Glycemic Control in XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Twenty-nine @entity0 with Stages I and II nodular, poorly differentiated @entity3 were treated with radiation therapy or radiation therapy plus chemotherapy. Twenty-two @entity0 with Stage I received radiation to the involved field, the other seven with Stage II received total lymphoid radiation. Complete remission was achieved in all 29. There were no differences in remission duration or survival according to treatment modality. Five of 29 (17%) @entity0 relapsed. No relapses were observed after 5 years. Ten @entity0 died; one @entity0 died of @entity2 , and nine others died in continuous complete remission of various other causes. Sixty-six percent of the @entity0 were alive at 74-160 months (median 118 months). Involved field radiation with or without chemotherapy was well tolerated, producing acceptable @entity1 . Substantially more @entity1 was observed after total lymphoid irradiation and although cures were also achieved, less toxic treatment programs should be investigated. The low rate of relapse observed in early stages of this @entity2 in this and in other studies is suggestive that cures might be achieved in nearly one-half of the @entity0 presenting in early stage.

title: Treatment of early--stages I and II--nodular, poorly differentiated XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effect of chelating agents on extracellular proteinase production by @entity7 32A was examined. Increasing concentrations of @entity6 slightly stimulated growth while inhibiting proteinase synthesis. Fifty per cent inhibition was found at 35 and 28 mM- @entity6 at 5 and 20 degrees C respectively. Extracellular protein concentration was reduced by 30% when cells were grown with 100 mM- @entity6 . @entity3 gel electrophoresis of the cell-free supernatants suggested that reduced enzyme synthesis had taken place as evidenced by the decrease in staining intensity of the protein band corresponding to the proteinase. Other @entity2 compounds could replace @entity6 as an inhibitor. Extent of inhibition was related to chain length; @entity8 with 4-6 or 13-18 @entity4 atoms were the most effective inhibitors. @entity1 (0.5 mM) completely inhibited proteinase synthesis. This inhibition could be partly reversed by @entity0 and, to a lesser extent, @entity5 . Proteinase production at 5 degrees C in skim milk was completely inhibited by @entity2 glass (P13-P18). Control experiments showed that loss of activity with chelators was not due to inhibition of preformed enzyme. The results suggest a possible role for @entity8 in controlling proteinase production in stored milk.

title: Inhibition by chelating agents of the formation of active extracellular proteinase by XXXX 32A.

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the article is to present 8 new cases of @entity1 occurring in the jawbones, their clinical features , diagnostic workup and management. @entity0 AND METHODS: The records of 8 @entity0 with metastatic @entity3 were reviewed. Demographic data, presenting symptoms, primary @entity2 site, radiographic findings, bone scintigraphy , histopathology and clinical management were analyzed. RESULTS: The @entity0 , ranged in age from 44 to 80 years, with a mean of 64.5 years. The primary malignant sites were: the lung , the breast , the rectum, the thyroid, the uterus and the parotid gland . The mandible was the site of oral involvement in seven cases and the maxilla in one. There was no gender difference with respect to the oral site affected. The clinical jaw presentations were: exophytic soft tissue mass, paresthesia of the lower lip and a periapical lesion The provided treatment protocols were: chemotherapy , radiotherapy and chemotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy and supportive care only. In one case the @entity3 was the first indication of an unknown @entity2 at a distant primary site. CONCLUSIONS: Metastatic @entity3 are uncommon. Paresthesia of the lower lip and the chin is a sinister sign for @entity0 with a metastatic @entity3 . In view of these cases it can be said that meticulous work-up of of @entity3 suspected of being metastatic, may be life saving or extend the @entity0 s survival period.

title: XXXX to the jaws: a report of eight new cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: A course in coping with @entity1 was reported to have documented effects in terms of shortening periods of @entity1 . An economic evaluation of the course was conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The estimate of medical effect derives from a randomized controlled trial in 155 subjects with @entity1 . On average subjects in the intervention group improved 3-4 points more on the Beck Depression Inventory than subjects in the control group. A value estimate is provided for this effect given what is known about the weight that society places on severity of illness and effect of treatment when prioritising among @entity0 groups. The value estimate is compared with the costs of the course. RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION: It is estimated that if 200 @entity0 take the course, the improvements in quality of life for all these @entity0 taken together may be regarded as equally valuable and worthy of priority as an intervention that provides an extra life year to one @entity0 . The cost of giving the course to 200 @entity0 is estimated at USD 45,000-60,000. This is within the limits of what society is generally willing to pay in order to gain life years. Because of possible reductions in sick leave, societal net costs may be modest.

title: [Economic evaluation of a course in coping with XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. The attempt to infect young @entity2 and @entity3 with material containing in all probability the virus of @entity0 @entity5 failed. 2. Failure to infect the primary animals almost of necessity brought failure with the secondary @entity6 -bitten animals. It is, however barely conceivable that a non-infectious form of an organism might circulate in the blood of the primary animal and that this form, through development in an intermediate host, the @entity6 , might become virulent for the secondary @entity6 -bitten animal. 3. Incidentally, and presumably accidentally, a @entity1 was observed in young @entity2 associated with the presence of an organism showing certain definite characters. So far as we know this @entity4 and the associated organism have not been previously described. 4. This organism is found widely distributed in the organs of the affected animals and can be demonstrated in the urine. The active destruction by the organism of the nerve cells of the spinal cord is particularly striking, and gives complete explanation for the @entity4 observed clinically. 5. With the organism present in the urine the spread of the disease by contact can be easily understood. 6. The transfer of the infection from animal to animal by fleabites is possible but not probable. 7. The nature of the observed organisms is in doubt. They represent probably an intermediate stage in the life history of some protozoan parasite.

title: INFECTIOUS MOTOR PARALYSIS IN YOUNG XXXX .

answer: @entity2