abstract: The @entity3 around shoulder in military recruits are not reported yet. Three young male soldiers presented with complaints of palpable mass at the anterior aspect of shoulder; tenderness around the superior part of deltopectoral groove close to acromioclavicular joint; and restriction of shoulder motion. They also noticed ecchymosis and @entity1 around the coracoid process and anterior shoulder region during regular firing exercises. Plain X-rays and computerized tomography showed extra-capsular, dense, irregular structure in the space between pectoralis and deltoid muscles which correlated with heterotopic bone. One @entity0 refused surgical intervention because of the completion of his military serving period. Surgical excision was performed for the other two @entity0 . During surgical exploration, both ossified masses were found in deltopectoral region and mostly in fibers of clavicular and acromial parts of deltoid muscle. Pathological reports confirmed the structure of masses as mature trabecular bone. Postoperatively @entity2 treatment and active shoulder exercises were started until the full range of motion was regained. Mini soft bag was used on the rifle contact area of the shoulder. No complications or recurrences were observed during the 24 months of followup period.

title: XXXX around shoulder following military training programme.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that central aortic blood pressure may be a better predictor of cardiovascular risk than peripheral blood pressure. The central @entity1 (cSBP) can be estimated from the late systolic shoulder of the radial pulse waveform. We compared the second systolic peak of the radial waveform (pSBP(2)) with the central systolic pressure derived by a generalized transfer function in a large cohort, across a wide age range, of @entity0 from the Anglo-Cardiff Collaborative Trial. We also compared pSBP(2) with the true cSBP measured by cardiac catheterization [invasively measured cSBP (cSBPi)]. METHODS: Noninvasive measurements were made by applanation tonometry using the SphygmoCor device. The aortic pressure waveform was derived from the radial waveform using a validated transfer function. Invasive measures of cSBPi were carried out in a group of 38 @entity0 undergoing diagnostic cardiac angiography, and radial artery pressure waveforms were simultaneously recorded using the SphygmoCor device. RESULTS: Overall, there was a strong correlation (r = 0.99, P<0.001) and good agreement between pSBP(2) and the derived cSBP (mean difference +/- SD 1 +/- 4 mmHg). However, there was a systematic bias with a greater difference between these measures at lower average pressures. There was also a strong correlation and good agreement between the invasively measured cSBPi and pSBP(2) (r = 0.92, P<0.001, mean difference 2 +/- 6 mmHg). CONCLUSION: The second systolic shoulder of the peripheral pressure waveform approximates the cSBP in a large cohort of @entity0 across a wide age range, but this may be inaccurate at low @entity1 values.

title: The accuracy of central XXXX determined from the second systolic peak of the peripheral pressure waveform.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that @entity3 during early childhood plays an important role in @entity2 pathogenesis. However, it is not known specifically whether changes in dendritic cells (DCs) during infancy antedate the development of @entity4 , @entity2 , and related clinical phenotypes. OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess the association between the level of blood DCs during the first year and the subsequent development of @entity4 , wheezing, and allergic sensitization. METHODS: A community-based cohort of @entity0 with a family history of @entity1 was followed to age 5 years. @entity0 were monitored intensively for @entity4 . History of wheeze and @entity2 was collected annually, @entity1 was documented at 5 years, and flow cytometry was used to identify DC subsets in blood samples collected when @entity0 were well. RESULTS: Levels of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) during infancy were inversely correlated with symptoms of @entity4 , parent-reported wheezing, and the cumulative rate of physician-diagnosed @entity2 up to age 5 years. These relationships were independent of @entity1 , as determined by allergy skin test results and total and specific IgE levels. In contrast, levels of myeloid DCs were not associated with @entity4 , @entity2 , or wheezing but were associated with total IgE levels at age 5 years. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with a family history of @entity1 of circulating pDCs during infancy appears to be a risk factor for more frequent and more severe @entity4 , wheezing, and a diagnosis of @entity2 . @entity0 with higher numbers of pDCs are protected against these outcomes.

title: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells during infancy are inversely associated with childhood XXXX and wheezing.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Total or partial nasal amputation following @entity1 resection is one of the more severe @entity3 . Successful nasal reconstruction can therefore be regarded as restoring a @entity0 's psychosocial health. The objective of this study, therefore, was to evaluate different determinants of @entity0 's psychosocial functioning and their effect on @entity0 satisfaction after nasal reconstruction. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a case-control study design was conducted. Level of satisfaction with nasal appearance and psychosocial functioning were assessed with validated questionnaires. RESULTS: A total of 30 consecutive @entity0 were recruited. They were treated between November 2001 and May 2005 for (sub)total @entity4 following radical @entity1 resection. For the control group 99 consented to participate. @entity2 and avoidance were scored significantly higher within the @entity0 group (p=0.01). @entity0 cope significantly more passive than controls (p=0.04). Self-esteem levels did not differ significantly between @entity0 and controls (p=0.22). Determinants of satisfaction with nasal reconstruction were self-esteem (p=0.0001), active coping strategy (p=0.001), and passive coping strategy (p=0.0001). CONCLUSION: Nasal reconstruction has an impact on psychosocial functioning of nasal reconstruction @entity0 . In addition, self-esteem and coping strategy are important determinants of satisfaction with nasal reconstruction, and should be held in mind when treating a @entity0 .

title: The impact of nasal reconstruction following XXXX resection on psychosocial functioning, a clinical-empirical exploration.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of preoperative @entity5 @entity3 injection for @entity1 relief after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective double-blind, randomized study was conducted in 268 @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic gynecologic surgery at Vajira Hospital between November 1, 2010 and March 31, 2011. The @entity0 were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either single intravenous 40 mg @entity5 (treatment group; n = 133) or normal saline (control group; n = 135) 30 min before surgery. The degree of @entity2 was assessed every 2 h in the first 8 h postoperation, then every 4 h until completion of 24 h by using a verbal rating scale. Total consumption of @entity4 over a 24-h period and the adverse events relevant to @entity5 @entity3 were also recorded. RESULTS: Mean @entity1 scores at all measured times in the treatment group were insignificantly lower than those in the control group (p = 0.106). The mean 24-h postoperative @entity4 consumption in the treatment group was significantly lower compared to that in the control group (26.3 +/- 28.1 mg and 39.1 +/- 34.6 mg, respectively, p = 0.001). The proportion of @entity0 requiring @entity4 in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (58.6% and 70.3%, respectively, p = 0. 045). No serious adverse events were observed in both groups. CONCLUSION: Preoperative @entity5 @entity3 significantly reduced postoperative @entity4 requirement and consumption, while insignificantly declined the @entity1 scores. Serious adverse events were not encountered

title: @entity1 control in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery with/without preoperative (preemptive) XXXX @entity3 injection: a randomized study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of preoperative @entity5 @entity3 injection for @entity1 relief after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective double-blind, randomized study was conducted in 268 @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic gynecologic surgery at Vajira Hospital between November 1, 2010 and March 31, 2011. The @entity0 were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either single intravenous 40 mg @entity5 (treatment group; n = 133) or normal saline (control group; n = 135) 30 min before surgery. The degree of @entity2 was assessed every 2 h in the first 8 h postoperation, then every 4 h until completion of 24 h by using a verbal rating scale. Total consumption of @entity4 over a 24-h period and the adverse events relevant to @entity5 @entity3 were also recorded. RESULTS: Mean @entity1 scores at all measured times in the treatment group were insignificantly lower than those in the control group (p = 0.106). The mean 24-h postoperative @entity4 consumption in the treatment group was significantly lower compared to that in the control group (26.3 +/- 28.1 mg and 39.1 +/- 34.6 mg, respectively, p = 0.001). The proportion of @entity0 requiring @entity4 in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (58.6% and 70.3%, respectively, p = 0. 045). No serious adverse events were observed in both groups. CONCLUSION: Preoperative @entity5 @entity3 significantly reduced postoperative @entity4 requirement and consumption, while insignificantly declined the @entity1 scores. Serious adverse events were not encountered

title: XXXX control in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery with/without preoperative (preemptive) @entity5 @entity3 injection: a randomized study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of preoperative @entity5 @entity3 injection for @entity1 relief after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective double-blind, randomized study was conducted in 268 @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic gynecologic surgery at Vajira Hospital between November 1, 2010 and March 31, 2011. The @entity0 were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either single intravenous 40 mg @entity5 (treatment group; n = 133) or normal saline (control group; n = 135) 30 min before surgery. The degree of @entity2 was assessed every 2 h in the first 8 h postoperation, then every 4 h until completion of 24 h by using a verbal rating scale. Total consumption of @entity4 over a 24-h period and the adverse events relevant to @entity5 @entity3 were also recorded. RESULTS: Mean @entity1 scores at all measured times in the treatment group were insignificantly lower than those in the control group (p = 0.106). The mean 24-h postoperative @entity4 consumption in the treatment group was significantly lower compared to that in the control group (26.3 +/- 28.1 mg and 39.1 +/- 34.6 mg, respectively, p = 0.001). The proportion of @entity0 requiring @entity4 in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (58.6% and 70.3%, respectively, p = 0. 045). No serious adverse events were observed in both groups. CONCLUSION: Preoperative @entity5 @entity3 significantly reduced postoperative @entity4 requirement and consumption, while insignificantly declined the @entity1 scores. Serious adverse events were not encountered

title: @entity1 control in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery with/without preoperative (preemptive) @entity5 XXXX injection: a randomized study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been described as important for maintaining and implementing contextual information in the service of goal-oriented behavior. Accordingly, impairments in context processing are thought to underlie @entity1 associated with @entity2 , a clinical disorder that has been linked to PFC dysfunction (Servan-Schreiber et al., 1996). However, task switching, a cognitive ability linked to PFC function, has not been consistently impaired in @entity2 . In this experiment, we assessed whether task-switching performance would be selectively impaired for @entity0 when context demands were high. In the @entity4 , a switch required the updating of the relevant task response rules whereas perceptual switching did not entail a switching of contextual information. Instead, a perceptual switch entailed a shift of visuospatial attention to the relevant feature. A second goal was to determine whether potential deficits in context switching would be observed in @entity2 even in situations when these @entity0 do not need to overcome a prepotent response. Studies of context processing have typically required @entity0 with @entity2 to use contextual rules to overcome prepotent response tendencies whereas our switching paradigm did not require the inhibition of a competing response. @entity0 were much slower to switch tasks than controls when contextual rules switched from one trial to the next whereas their performance was intact when the switch occurred between different feature sets and contextual demands were low. Our results demonstrate that context processing deficits are observable in @entity2 even when there is no prepotent response tendency to inhibit. Moreover, our results suggest that @entity3 influence performance primarily when @entity0 are required to switch the application of one explicit rule to another.

title: The impact of context processing deficits on task-switching performance in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Although percutaneous nephrolithotomy has been recommended as the first-line treatment for @entity2 larger than 2 cm, its major complication rate is not negligible and less invasive approaches are to be explored. Thanks to the recent advances in endoscopic technology, flexible ureteroscopy has become another option in this setting. Herein we report our most recent experience with flexible ureteroscopy for large @entity2 . Between September 2008 and May 2011, 20 @entity0 with @entity2 >=  2 cm underwent a total of 28 procedures of ureteroscopy with holmium laser lithotripsy, using the Olympus URF-P5 and a ureteral access sheath. The number of procedures, operative time, stone-free rates, stone compositions and complications were evaluated. Stone-free status was defined as the absence of fragments or fragments of  <= 4 mm. Mean stone size was 3.1 cm (range 2.0-5.0). The average number of procedures was 1.4. One, two and three procedures were required in 13, six and one @entity0 , respectively. Overall, the stone-free rate was 90%. The stone-free rate for preoperative stone size of 2 to  <= 4 cm and >4 cm was 100% (14/14) and 67% (4/6), respectively. No major @entity3 were identified. Postoperative high-grade fever was observed in three @entity0 , including one @entity0 who developed @entity1 . All these @entity0 were successfully treated conservatively. Our findings suggest that ureteroscopy represents a favorable option for selected @entity0 with @entity2 , especially those 2 to  <= 4 cm in size.

title: Successful outcome of flexible ureteroscopy with holmium laser lithotripsy for XXXX 2 cm or greater.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein ( @entity3 ) induces mesenchymal cells to differentiate into cartilage and bone. To investigate the action of @entity3 on the growth of host bed-derived bone in experimental spinal fusions, posterior intervertebral spinal fusions of the lower thoracic spine were performed in 13 mature mongrel @entity2 . Four different fusion methods were used at single intervertebral levels within each @entity2 . Three levels in each @entity2 were used as controls for the @entity3 level. The spinal columns were examined by radiohistomorphometric methods at three weeks, six weeks, and 12 weeks and showed the @entity3 level to have two to three times more new bone than control levels. At the @entity3 level, an increase in the amount of new bone was observed in the interval from three to 12 weeks, in contrast to a decrease seen at the control levels. Fusion was present in five of seven of the @entity3 levels compared with zero of seven, one of seven, and two of seven in the control levels. The @entity3 level exhibited an increased number and volume of areas of de novo cartilage and woven bone formation at all time intervals compared to all control levels. The @entity4 polymer carrier was not resorbed and partially retained in the fusion site. The preliminary observations suggest that @entity3 may serve as a useful adjunct in spinal fusions, but research is required to find a rapidly degradable delivery system. The objective of @entity3 research is to augment the host bed capacity for bone generation and regeneration and to spare @entity0 and adults the @entity1 and complications involved in removing excessive volumes of iliac crest bone grafts.

title: Augmentation of spinal fusion with bone morphogenetic protein in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: This paper presents the first report of multiple anthelmintic resistance in the gastrointestinal @entity1 of @entity0 and its possible contributory factors in an irrigated area (Pakistan). A total of 18 privately owned Beetal @entity0 flocks were selected in order to determine the anthelmintic resistance against commonly used anthelmintics. Forty to 48 animals from each flock were selected according to their weight and egg count. The three anthelmintics viz., @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity2 , were given to three groups at manufacturer's recommended dose while one group was kept as untreated control. Anthelmintic resistance was determined through faecal egg count reduction and egg hatch tests while assessment of the contributory factors of anthelmintic resistance was measured through the rural participatory approach. Faecal egg count reduction test revealed high prevalence of anthelmintic resistance (83.3%) and it was either single ( @entity4 ) or multiple ( @entity5 and @entity4 ). Egg hatch test confirmed the resistance against @entity5 as detected with faecal egg count reduction test. None of the @entity0 flocks was resistant to ivermectin. Copro-cultures revealed that @entity3 , Trichostrongylus colubriformis and @entity6 were the most common species exhibiting resistance to @entity4 and @entity5 . Step-wise logistic regression of the data on worm control practices revealed significant role of under-dosing, low-protein diets, healthcare supervision by the traditional healers and mass treatments.

title: Multiple anthelmintic resistance and the possible contributory factors in Beetal XXXX in an irrigated area (Pakistan).

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Several studies have shown a @entity1 (PAP) after adenoidectomy in @entity0 suffering form @entity3 caused by @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, it is not clear whether this would be significantly reflected on right ventricle output (RVO). METHODS: Our aim was to determine if there were any detectable changes in RV performance parameters after adenoidectomy in @entity0 with @entity2 . Thirty @entity0 with @entity2 (female/male: 11/19) aged between 2.5 and 12 years (median: five years) were included in this study. Adenoidectomy was performed under sinuscopic guide using adenoid curette and microdebrider. All @entity0 were examined by echocardiography one day before and one month after adenoidectomy. Velocity time integral of tricuspid valve flow (VTItv) and pulmonary valve flow (VTIpa); E/A ratio of tricuspid valve flow; RV end-diastolic diameter (RVEDd) and left ventricle fraction shortening (FS) were measured. Heart rate (HR) was also recorded. RESULTS: Preoperatively VTItv, VTIpa, E/A ratio, RVEDd, FS, and HR were 18.6+/-3.0 cm, 20.8+/-3.1 cm, 1.21+/-0.31, 11.5+/-2.1 mm, 35.1+/-4.3%, and 112+/-19, respectively. Postoperatively VTItv, VTIpa, E/A ratio, RVEDd, FS, and HR were 21.5+/-2.5 cm, 24.4+/-4.3 cm, 1.44+/-0.32, 9.3+/-2.6 mm, 33.9+/-3.5%, and 104+/-28, respectively. There were significant differences between preoperative and postoperative VTItv (p=0.03), VTIpa (p=0.01), E/A ratios (p=0.04), and RVEDd (p=0.01). FS and HR were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrated that in @entity0 suffering from @entity2 , relieving @entity3 by adenoidectomy may result in improvement of RV filling and RVO, associated with the reduction in PAP.

title: The effect of adenoidectomy on right ventricular performance in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity8 is the second most deadly form of @entity6 after @entity4 , with a mortality rate of as high as 35 percent. It usually occurs as a deep red or purple dome-shaped @entity3 on sun-exposed skin of elderly @entity0 . Transplant recipients or @entity5 @entity0 have a higher incidence of this @entity3 than normal individuals. There is an association of a polyoma virus with this @entity3 that may explain the increased incidence in immunosuppression. Surgery, followed by radiation therapy is the standard of treatment. Sentinel node dissection is recommended because this @entity3 metastasizes often. Chemotherapy, such as is used for oat cell @entity1 , is advised for metastatic disease. However, systemic chemotherapy protocols have not been overly successful. We have treated four cases of @entity3 with surgery followed by intralesional @entity7 and have followed these cases for up to five years with no evidence of recurrence or @entity2 . One case had radiation post operatively but the @entity3 recurred. Intralesional @entity7 caused complete regression of this @entity3 with minimal scarring and long term cure. @entity7 , besides being a potent chemotherapy agent, has direct antiviral effects that may explain why this drug is so effective in treating @entity8 .

title: @entity8 : treatment with XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity8 is the second most deadly form of @entity6 after @entity4 , with a mortality rate of as high as 35 percent. It usually occurs as a deep red or purple dome-shaped @entity3 on sun-exposed skin of elderly @entity0 . Transplant recipients or @entity5 @entity0 have a higher incidence of this @entity3 than normal individuals. There is an association of a polyoma virus with this @entity3 that may explain the increased incidence in immunosuppression. Surgery, followed by radiation therapy is the standard of treatment. Sentinel node dissection is recommended because this @entity3 metastasizes often. Chemotherapy, such as is used for oat cell @entity1 , is advised for metastatic disease. However, systemic chemotherapy protocols have not been overly successful. We have treated four cases of @entity3 with surgery followed by intralesional @entity7 and have followed these cases for up to five years with no evidence of recurrence or @entity2 . One case had radiation post operatively but the @entity3 recurred. Intralesional @entity7 caused complete regression of this @entity3 with minimal scarring and long term cure. @entity7 , besides being a potent chemotherapy agent, has direct antiviral effects that may explain why this drug is so effective in treating @entity8 .

title: XXXX : treatment with @entity7 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inadvertent subclavian artery catheterization during attempted central venous access is a well-known complication. Historically, these @entity0 are managed with an open operative approach and repair under direct vision via an infraclavicular and/or supraclavicular incision. We describe our experience and technique for endovascular management of these injuries. METHODS: Twenty @entity0 were identified with inadvertent iatrogenic subclavian artery cannulation. All cases were managed via an endovascular technique under local anesthesia. After correcting any @entity2 , a 4-French glide catheter was percutaneously inserted into the ipsilateral brachial artery and placed in the proximal subclavian artery. Following an arteriogram and localization of the subclavian arterial insertion site, the subclavian catheter was removed and bimanual compression was performed on both sides of the clavicle around the puncture site for 20 min. A second angiogram was performed, and if there was any extravasation, pressure was held for an additional 20 min. If hemostasis was still not obtained, a stent graft was placed via the brachial access site to repair the arterial defect and control the @entity1 . RESULTS: Two of the 20 @entity0 required a stent graft for continued @entity1 after compression. Both @entity0 were well excluded after endovascular graft placement. Hemostasis was successfully obtained with bimanual compression over the puncture site in the remaining 18 @entity0 . There were no resultant complications at either the subclavian or the brachial puncture site. CONCLUSION: This minimally invasive endovascular approach to iatrogenic subclavian @entity3 is a safe alternative to blind removal with manual compression or direct open repair.

title: Experience and technique for the endovascular management of iatrogenic subclavian XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia affects 3% to 5% of gestations and @entity5 0.05% to 0.93%, but their subsequent cardiovascular sequelae are unclear. The aim of this study was to determine if @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 are at increased risk of long-term cardiovascular sequelae. METHODS: From Medline and Embase searches, we included case-control and cohort studies that examined cardiac, @entity6 , or @entity1 >6 weeks postpartum, in @entity0 with and without a history of @entity4 / @entity5 and that controlled for or matched for confounders. Two independent reviewers determined study eligibility and extracted data. RESULTS: Five case-control and 10 cohort studies met eligibility criteria, with a total of 116,175 @entity0 with and 2,259,576 @entity0 without @entity4 / @entity5 . Most studies focused on @entity0 <56 years of age. Relative to @entity0 with uncomplicated pregnancies, @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 had an increased risk of subsequent @entity3 in both the case-control studies (odds ratio 2.47, 95% CI 1.22-5.01) and the cohort studies (relative risk [RR] 2.33, 1.95-2.78), as well as an increased risk of @entity2 (RR 2.03, 1.54-2.67), @entity6 (RR 1.87, 0.94-3.73), and @entity1 (RR 2.29, 1.73-3.04). Meta-regression revealed a graded relationship between the severity of @entity4 / @entity5 and the risk of @entity3 (mild: RR 2.00, 1.83-2.19, moderate: RR 2.99, 2.51-3.58, severe: RR 5.36, 3.96-7.27, P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 have approximately double the risk of early cardiac, cerebrovascular, and @entity6 , and @entity1 . Further research is needed to determine the mechanisms underlying these associations and to identify effective prevention strategies.

title: @entity1 of @entity4 / XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analyses.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia affects 3% to 5% of gestations and @entity5 0.05% to 0.93%, but their subsequent cardiovascular sequelae are unclear. The aim of this study was to determine if @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 are at increased risk of long-term cardiovascular sequelae. METHODS: From Medline and Embase searches, we included case-control and cohort studies that examined cardiac, @entity6 , or @entity1 >6 weeks postpartum, in @entity0 with and without a history of @entity4 / @entity5 and that controlled for or matched for confounders. Two independent reviewers determined study eligibility and extracted data. RESULTS: Five case-control and 10 cohort studies met eligibility criteria, with a total of 116,175 @entity0 with and 2,259,576 @entity0 without @entity4 / @entity5 . Most studies focused on @entity0 <56 years of age. Relative to @entity0 with uncomplicated pregnancies, @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 had an increased risk of subsequent @entity3 in both the case-control studies (odds ratio 2.47, 95% CI 1.22-5.01) and the cohort studies (relative risk [RR] 2.33, 1.95-2.78), as well as an increased risk of @entity2 (RR 2.03, 1.54-2.67), @entity6 (RR 1.87, 0.94-3.73), and @entity1 (RR 2.29, 1.73-3.04). Meta-regression revealed a graded relationship between the severity of @entity4 / @entity5 and the risk of @entity3 (mild: RR 2.00, 1.83-2.19, moderate: RR 2.99, 2.51-3.58, severe: RR 5.36, 3.96-7.27, P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 have approximately double the risk of early cardiac, cerebrovascular, and @entity6 , and @entity1 . Further research is needed to determine the mechanisms underlying these associations and to identify effective prevention strategies.

title: @entity1 of XXXX / @entity5 : a systematic review and meta-analyses.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia affects 3% to 5% of gestations and @entity5 0.05% to 0.93%, but their subsequent cardiovascular sequelae are unclear. The aim of this study was to determine if @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 are at increased risk of long-term cardiovascular sequelae. METHODS: From Medline and Embase searches, we included case-control and cohort studies that examined cardiac, @entity6 , or @entity1 >6 weeks postpartum, in @entity0 with and without a history of @entity4 / @entity5 and that controlled for or matched for confounders. Two independent reviewers determined study eligibility and extracted data. RESULTS: Five case-control and 10 cohort studies met eligibility criteria, with a total of 116,175 @entity0 with and 2,259,576 @entity0 without @entity4 / @entity5 . Most studies focused on @entity0 <56 years of age. Relative to @entity0 with uncomplicated pregnancies, @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 had an increased risk of subsequent @entity3 in both the case-control studies (odds ratio 2.47, 95% CI 1.22-5.01) and the cohort studies (relative risk [RR] 2.33, 1.95-2.78), as well as an increased risk of @entity2 (RR 2.03, 1.54-2.67), @entity6 (RR 1.87, 0.94-3.73), and @entity1 (RR 2.29, 1.73-3.04). Meta-regression revealed a graded relationship between the severity of @entity4 / @entity5 and the risk of @entity3 (mild: RR 2.00, 1.83-2.19, moderate: RR 2.99, 2.51-3.58, severe: RR 5.36, 3.96-7.27, P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with a history of @entity4 / @entity5 have approximately double the risk of early cardiac, cerebrovascular, and @entity6 , and @entity1 . Further research is needed to determine the mechanisms underlying these associations and to identify effective prevention strategies.

title: XXXX of @entity4 / @entity5 : a systematic review and meta-analyses.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity11 ( @entity11 ) and @entity14 ( @entity14 ) activities were measured in the blood and tissues of animals that are treated with a number of endotracheally aerosolized therapeutics for protection against inhalation @entity0 to @entity6 . Therapeutics included, aerosolized @entity9 ( @entity10 ), @entity7 or combination of @entity10 with @entity5 , @entity8 , keratinocyte growth factor, @entity4 A1 receptor antisense oligonucleotide ( @entity13 ), @entity15 (2,3 DABA), oxycyte, and survanta. @entity3 exposed to 677.4   mg/m(3) or 846.5   mg/m(3) (1.2 LCt(50)) @entity6 for 4   min using a microinstillation inhalation exposure technique and treated 1   min later with the aerosolized therapeutics. Treatment with all therapeutics significantly increased the survival rate with no @entity2 throughout the 24   h study period. Blood @entity11 activity determined using @entity12 as substrate showed 20% activity remaining in @entity6 -exposed animals compare to controls. In aerosolized @entity10 and @entity7 -treated animals the remaining @entity11 activity was significantly higher (45-60%) compared to @entity6 -exposed animals (p   <   0.05). Similarly, treatment with all the combination therapeutics resulted in significant increase in blood @entity11 activity in comparison to @entity6 -exposed animals although the increases varied between treatments (p   <   0.05). @entity14 activity was increased after treatment with aerosolized therapeutics but was lesser in magnitude compared to @entity11 activity changes. Various tissues showed elevated @entity11 activity after therapeutic treatment of @entity6 -exposed animals. Increased @entity11 and @entity14 activities in animals treated with nasal therapeutics suggest that enhanced breathing and reduced @entity1 possibly contribute to rapid normalization of chemical warfare nerve agent inhibited cholinesterases.

title: Treatment with endotracheal therapeutics after XXXX microinstillation inhalation exposure increases blood cholinesterase levels in @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity11 ( @entity11 ) and @entity14 ( @entity14 ) activities were measured in the blood and tissues of animals that are treated with a number of endotracheally aerosolized therapeutics for protection against inhalation @entity0 to @entity6 . Therapeutics included, aerosolized @entity9 ( @entity10 ), @entity7 or combination of @entity10 with @entity5 , @entity8 , keratinocyte growth factor, @entity4 A1 receptor antisense oligonucleotide ( @entity13 ), @entity15 (2,3 DABA), oxycyte, and survanta. @entity3 exposed to 677.4   mg/m(3) or 846.5   mg/m(3) (1.2 LCt(50)) @entity6 for 4   min using a microinstillation inhalation exposure technique and treated 1   min later with the aerosolized therapeutics. Treatment with all therapeutics significantly increased the survival rate with no @entity2 throughout the 24   h study period. Blood @entity11 activity determined using @entity12 as substrate showed 20% activity remaining in @entity6 -exposed animals compare to controls. In aerosolized @entity10 and @entity7 -treated animals the remaining @entity11 activity was significantly higher (45-60%) compared to @entity6 -exposed animals (p   <   0.05). Similarly, treatment with all the combination therapeutics resulted in significant increase in blood @entity11 activity in comparison to @entity6 -exposed animals although the increases varied between treatments (p   <   0.05). @entity14 activity was increased after treatment with aerosolized therapeutics but was lesser in magnitude compared to @entity11 activity changes. Various tissues showed elevated @entity11 activity after therapeutic treatment of @entity6 -exposed animals. Increased @entity11 and @entity14 activities in animals treated with nasal therapeutics suggest that enhanced breathing and reduced @entity1 possibly contribute to rapid normalization of chemical warfare nerve agent inhibited cholinesterases.

title: Treatment with endotracheal therapeutics after @entity6 microinstillation inhalation exposure increases blood cholinesterase levels in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 remains one of the main complications that afflict peritoneal dialysis @entity0 . We conducted a pilot study to determine the feasibility and potential advantages of quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for the presence of bacterial DNA in this clinical scenario. METHODS: 14 @entity0 attending with 'cloudy bags' had @entity2 fluid analyzed in accordance with Renal Association Standards. In addition, quantitative bacterial DNA analysis was performed on 50 mL samples of @entity2 fluid. DNA was extracted using a Qiagen kit. Quantitative PCR assays using primers and probes targeted at 16S rDNA were used to measure the levels of bacterial DNA. Samples from 13 @entity0 attending the department for other reasons served as negative controls. Laboratory staff were blinded to clinical details at the time of analysis. RESULTS: We determined a threshold of bacterial DNA whereby 11 of 13 negative controls were 'negative'. Significant bacterial DNA was found in 6 of 9 culture positive' @entity1 cases (p < 0.05 by chi(2). The 3 cases of 'no growth' @entity1 had 'insignificant' bacterial DNA. Serial DNA analysis was performed in 8 @entity0 . Of the 6 @entity0 who were 'cured' with standard antibiotic therapy, only 1 showed a rise in bacterial DNA from Day 1 to 5. But the 2 @entity0 who relapsed after antibiotics had marked rises in bacterial DNA (p < 0.05 by chi(2). DISCUSSION: We showed that results from quantitative bacterial DNA PCR assays correlate with current microbiological tests despite the small size of this study. We also suggest that this technology might be clinically useful as an adjunct for cases of 'no growth' @entity1 and to identify those @entity0 likely to relapse despite apparent clinical improvement with standard antibiotic therapy.

title: Comparative study of diagnosis of XXXX by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for bacterial DNA vs culture methods.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 is a rare but potentially life-threatening infectious process. Diagnosis is challenging as symptoms are non-specific and signs of @entity2 may be absent. We report the case of a previously healthy 17-year-old male who presented with worsening @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity10 and no clinical signs of @entity2 . On evaluation, he was found to have @entity9 with @entity6 , @entity4 and @entity5 . An imaging study revealed a pituitary mass. He underwent transsphenoidal biopsy to rule out @entity0 . The abscess was drained transsphenoidally and he was treated with parental antibiotics. Magnetic resonance imaging one year later revealed a normal pituitary without any evidence of abscess or mass. He continues to require thyroid, adrenal and anti-diuretic hormone replacements. As with any @entity8 , prompt complete hypothalamic pituitary evaluation is essential to avoid potentially life-threatening consequences.

title: Seventeen-year-old adolescent with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: @entity5 of the salivary gland have gender and age distributions suggesting that @entity4 has a causal role. However, @entity4 receptor (ER)alpha is expressed at low levels in normal salivary gland tissues and data from @entity1 are conflicting. There is preliminary evidence that the recently described @entity3 may be the major ER in salivary gland tissue. The aim of this study was to determine the nature and extent of @entity3 expression in @entity5 of the salivary gland. METHODS: @entity5 and normal tissues of the parotid gland from 49 @entity0 were tested for @entity2 and @entity3 expression by semiquantitative immunohistochemistry. Associations were sought with @entity0 age and gender. RESULTS: @entity2 and @entity3 expression was localised mainly to the nuclei of ductal cells in normal tissues and the epithelial components in @entity5 . Within each tissue and receptor type there were no associations between ER positivity and @entity0 age or gender. @entity3 was expressed in almost twice as many normal tissues and @entity5 as @entity2 . Expression of @entity3 was also significantly higher in @entity1 compared with normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS: This is thought to be the first study of @entity3 in @entity5 of the salivary gland. Findings support @entity3 as the major ER in salivary glands, and provide evidence that @entity3 may have a role in the development of @entity5 of the salivary gland.

title: @entity4 receptor beta expression in XXXX of the parotid gland.

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIMS: @entity5 of the salivary gland have gender and age distributions suggesting that @entity4 has a causal role. However, @entity4 receptor (ER)alpha is expressed at low levels in normal salivary gland tissues and data from @entity1 are conflicting. There is preliminary evidence that the recently described @entity3 may be the major ER in salivary gland tissue. The aim of this study was to determine the nature and extent of @entity3 expression in @entity5 of the salivary gland. METHODS: @entity5 and normal tissues of the parotid gland from 49 @entity0 were tested for @entity2 and @entity3 expression by semiquantitative immunohistochemistry. Associations were sought with @entity0 age and gender. RESULTS: @entity2 and @entity3 expression was localised mainly to the nuclei of ductal cells in normal tissues and the epithelial components in @entity5 . Within each tissue and receptor type there were no associations between ER positivity and @entity0 age or gender. @entity3 was expressed in almost twice as many normal tissues and @entity5 as @entity2 . Expression of @entity3 was also significantly higher in @entity1 compared with normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS: This is thought to be the first study of @entity3 in @entity5 of the salivary gland. Findings support @entity3 as the major ER in salivary glands, and provide evidence that @entity3 may have a role in the development of @entity5 of the salivary gland.

title: XXXX receptor beta expression in @entity5 of the parotid gland.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The exact prevalence of female @entity4 (FSD) in the Middle East is exceptionally difficult to measure in light of its sensitive nature and the conservative tinge of the population. AIM: The Global Online Sexuality Survey-Arabic-Females (GOSS-AR-F) is a community-based study of female sexuality in the Middle East through an online survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of risk for female @entity4 (rFSD) in the reproductive age group and its vulnerability to various risk factors. METHODS: GOSS-AR-F was offered via online advertising. The survey is comprised of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire among other questions. RESULTS: Out of 2,920 @entity0 , 344 @entity0 completed all survey questions. Average total FSFI score was 23    6.5, with 59.1% of @entity0 suffering rFSD. Age adjusted prevalence of rFSD was 59.5%, standardized to World Health Organization World Standard Population. There was a statistically significant higher prevalence of rFSD among cases with subjectively reported @entity5 and male partner-related shortcomings such as @entity6 and @entity9 as reported by the female @entity0 , in addition to dissatisfaction with partner's penile size, insufficient foreplay, and practice of masturbation. This was not the case with advancing age, @entity1 , @entity2 , smoking, ongoing pregnancy, mode of previous @entity0 delivery, @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity7 , interpersonal distress, subjectively reported hirsutism, and female genital cutting. @entity0 were found to require longer duration of coitus and better ejaculatory control but not necessarily a higher coital frequency. CONCLUSION: Female sexual function in the reproductive age appears to be adversely affected by psychological factors and shortcomings in male sexual function more than anything. These findings point to the possibility that many cases of FSD can be managed with the focus on male partner's ailments and attitudes that are relatively easier to manage.

title: The Global Online Sexuality Survey (GOSS): female XXXX among Internet users in the reproductive age group in the Middle East.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A 68-year-old female visited a local clinic with epigastralgia. A routine laboratory test revealed @entity7 and @entity4 . She was referred to this hospital. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) revealed that the density of the entire pancreas had decreased, and showed dilatation of the common bile duct (CBD) and the main pancreatic duct (MPD). @entity6 was diagnosed by cytological examination analyzing the pancreatic juice obtained by ERCP. When @entity7 had @entity2 was observed via laparotomy. No ascites, liver @entity1 , or peritoneal dissemination was observed. The entire pancreas was a hard mass, and a needle biopsy was obtained from the head, body and tail of the pancreas. These biopsies diagnosed a poorly differentiated @entity5 . Hepaticojejunostomy was thus performed, and postoperative progress was good. Chemotherapy with 1000 mg/body per week of @entity3 was administered beginning 15 d postoperatively. However, the @entity0 suffered relatively severe side effects, and it was necessary to change the dosing schedule of @entity3 . Abdominal CT revealed a complete response (CR) after 3 treatments. Therefore, weekly chemotherapy was stopped and was changed to monthly administration. To date, for 4 years after chemotherapy, the @entity2 has not reappeared.

title: A @entity0 with unresectable advanced XXXX achieving long-term survival with @entity3 chemotherapy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: A 68-year-old female visited a local clinic with epigastralgia. A routine laboratory test revealed @entity7 and @entity4 . She was referred to this hospital. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) revealed that the density of the entire pancreas had decreased, and showed dilatation of the common bile duct (CBD) and the main pancreatic duct (MPD). @entity6 was diagnosed by cytological examination analyzing the pancreatic juice obtained by ERCP. When @entity7 had @entity2 was observed via laparotomy. No ascites, liver @entity1 , or peritoneal dissemination was observed. The entire pancreas was a hard mass, and a needle biopsy was obtained from the head, body and tail of the pancreas. These biopsies diagnosed a poorly differentiated @entity5 . Hepaticojejunostomy was thus performed, and postoperative progress was good. Chemotherapy with 1000 mg/body per week of @entity3 was administered beginning 15 d postoperatively. However, the @entity0 suffered relatively severe side effects, and it was necessary to change the dosing schedule of @entity3 . Abdominal CT revealed a complete response (CR) after 3 treatments. Therefore, weekly chemotherapy was stopped and was changed to monthly administration. To date, for 4 years after chemotherapy, the @entity2 has not reappeared.

title: A @entity0 with unresectable advanced @entity6 achieving long-term survival with XXXX chemotherapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A 68-year-old female visited a local clinic with epigastralgia. A routine laboratory test revealed @entity7 and @entity4 . She was referred to this hospital. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP) revealed that the density of the entire pancreas had decreased, and showed dilatation of the common bile duct (CBD) and the main pancreatic duct (MPD). @entity6 was diagnosed by cytological examination analyzing the pancreatic juice obtained by ERCP. When @entity7 had @entity2 was observed via laparotomy. No ascites, liver @entity1 , or peritoneal dissemination was observed. The entire pancreas was a hard mass, and a needle biopsy was obtained from the head, body and tail of the pancreas. These biopsies diagnosed a poorly differentiated @entity5 . Hepaticojejunostomy was thus performed, and postoperative progress was good. Chemotherapy with 1000 mg/body per week of @entity3 was administered beginning 15 d postoperatively. However, the @entity0 suffered relatively severe side effects, and it was necessary to change the dosing schedule of @entity3 . Abdominal CT revealed a complete response (CR) after 3 treatments. Therefore, weekly chemotherapy was stopped and was changed to monthly administration. To date, for 4 years after chemotherapy, the @entity2 has not reappeared.

title: A XXXX with unresectable advanced @entity6 achieving long-term survival with @entity3 chemotherapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the differential expression of protein of thalamus in @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 were randomly divided into a normal group (n=10) and a @entity2 group (n=15). Total proteins of @entity3 tissue and normal brain tissue were extracted separately, and then proteins were separated by two dimensional gel electrophoresis and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue. The differentially expressed protein spots were identified with biospectrometry. Images were analyzed by PDQuest 7.0. RESULTS: The distribution of protein spots in the @entity2 group was similar to that of the normal group, the matching rate was 95%, and the repeatability was good. Proteins were mainly displayed at pI 3-8, with relative molecular mass 14.4-75.0 kD. Compared with the normal group, 16 spots of proteins increased and 18 spots of proteins decreased in the @entity2 group. CONCLUSION: There is some difference in protein expression between the normal group and the @entity2 group. @entity3 may lead to changes of proteins in the thalamus.

title: [Differential proteomic analysis of thalamus in @entity1 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the differential expression of protein of thalamus in @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 were randomly divided into a normal group (n=10) and a @entity2 group (n=15). Total proteins of @entity3 tissue and normal brain tissue were extracted separately, and then proteins were separated by two dimensional gel electrophoresis and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue. The differentially expressed protein spots were identified with biospectrometry. Images were analyzed by PDQuest 7.0. RESULTS: The distribution of protein spots in the @entity2 group was similar to that of the normal group, the matching rate was 95%, and the repeatability was good. Proteins were mainly displayed at pI 3-8, with relative molecular mass 14.4-75.0 kD. Compared with the normal group, 16 spots of proteins increased and 18 spots of proteins decreased in the @entity2 group. CONCLUSION: There is some difference in protein expression between the normal group and the @entity2 group. @entity3 may lead to changes of proteins in the thalamus.

title: [Differential proteomic analysis of thalamus in XXXX with @entity0 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of @entity3 ( @entity2 ) in colonoscopy examination. METHODS: We randomized 349 @entity0 to undergo colonoscopy with insufflation of air (n=175) or @entity2 (n=174). At colonoscopy, p (ET @entity2 ) was observed at 4 time points: before the exam, arrived caecum, back rectum, and after the exam. @entity0 's experience of @entity1 in the end and after the examination at 1, 3, 6, and 24 h was registered using a visual analog scale (VAS). Sedation was not used routinely. RESULTS: The groups were similar in age, sex, inspection time, and caecal intubation rate (all P>0.05). There were no significant differences in p (ET @entity2 ) values between the 2 groups before and after the procedure (all P>0.05). VAS scores in the @entity2 group at various time points after the examination were significantly lower than those in the air group (all P<0.05). The percent of VAS scores of 0 in the @entity2 group after 1, 3, 6, and 24 h was significantly higher than that in the air group (all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Injection of @entity2 for colonoscopy will not cause @entity2 retention, and it may significantly reduce the @entity1 , which is safe and effective.

title: [Safety and efficacy of XXXX insufflation during colonoscopy].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic surgery for @entity5 in the splenic flexure (SF @entity1 ) is technically demanding and has not been evaluated in randomized clinical trials. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic surgery for SF @entity1 . METHODS: Thirty-three @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic surgery for SF @entity1 (LAC group) were retrospectively compared with 22 @entity0 undergoing open surgery for SF @entity1 (OC group) between April 2003 and June 2010. RESULTS: Left hemicolectomy was the most performed procedure in both groups (79% vs. 82%). Median operating time was significantly longer (209 vs. 178 min) and estimated @entity2 was significantly lower (15 vs. 113 mL) in the LAC group than in the OC group. Conversion to open surgery was needed for 1 (3%) @entity0 because of @entity4 near the pancreas. @entity1 stage was more advanced in the OC group than in the LAC group, but N stages were similar between groups. The median number of lymph nodes harvested was significantly higher in the LAC group than in the OC group (16 vs. 12). The rate of @entity3 was significantly lower in the LAC group than in the OC group (6% vs. 36%). Time to flatus (1 vs. 3 d), time to liquid diet (2 vs. 5 d), and hospital stay (12 vs. 16 d) were significantly shorter in the LAC group than in the OC group. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic surgery for SF @entity1 is feasible.

title: XXXX in the splenic flexure: comparison of short-term outcomes of laparoscopic and open colectomy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment strategies for @entity2 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although previous studies have demonstrated favorable surgical outcomes for @entity2 , with a low incidence of @entity1 recurrence, few have examined long-term surgical outcomes. METHODS: The influence of @entity0 age, surgical margin status (Simpson grade), @entity1 location, and histological subtype on @entity1 recurrence were examined retrospectively. In addition, the resected dura mater from Simpson grade I cases was examined for invasive @entity1 cells and compared with the presence or absence of a dural tail sign on magnetic resonance image. RESULTS: Complete resection (Simpson grades I and II) was performed in 62 @entity0 . Among them, the @entity1 recurrence rate was 9.7%, all in @entity0 who underwent grade II resection for ventral spinal lesions. The mean duration to reoperation in these @entity0 was 12.2    5.2 years. Of the 6 @entity0 who underwent incomplete resection (Simpson grade III/IV), all required reoperation for @entity1 recurrence or regrowth, 5 years later on average. @entity0 younger than 50 years at the initial surgery had a significantly higher recurrence rate than those aged 50 years or older. Histologic examination of 43 dura mater specimens from Simpson grade I-resection @entity0 revealed @entity1 cell invasion between the inner and outer layers in 15 @entity0 . This invasion was noted in 8 (29%) of 28 @entity0 who were negative for the dural tail sign on magnetic resonance image, and in 7 (47%) of 15 @entity0 who showed a positive dural tail sign. The @entity3 index reached about 10% for dumbbell-type @entity2 invading the vertebral body; these were associated with repeated recurrence and unfavorable prognosis. CONCLUSION: Long-term follow-up after surgery for @entity2 indicated that Simpson grade I resection should be selected whenever practicable when treating younger @entity0 or dumbbell-type @entity2 . @entity1 recurred at 12 years, on average, in approximately 30% of @entity0 who underwent grade II resection.

title: Long-term surgical outcomes of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In a cytometric DNA study of high-grade @entity3 , the relationship between DNA content and morphology was analyzed. The investigation, based on microspectrophotometry of tissue sections and flow cytometry (FCM), included both @entity2 and recurrences. FCM analysis, applied to a consecutive series of 47 primary @entity3 , disclosed that 2 were diploid and 45 were nondiploid, 8 of which were @entity4 . Multiple aneuploid peaks were detected in 13 @entity1 . Among the @entity1 , there was no clear relationship between the peak DNA value(s) and the histologic subtype (osteoblastic, chondroblastic, fibroblastic) or grade (III-IV). The proliferative activity, as reflected by the percentage of S-phase cells, could be determined in 38 of the 47 @entity1 analyzed by FCM. The percentage was higher for aneuploid than for @entity4 lesions; however, the distribution of S-phase cells was not related to the histologic subtype or the grade of the @entity1 . To assess the reliability of a single sample for FCM, the DNA content of biopsy and surgical specimens was compared in 20 @entity1 ; there was complete agreement in all cases with respect to the classification of the lesion as diploid, @entity4 or aneuploid. Analysis by FCM or microspectrophotometry of 12 local recurrences and 16 @entity0 and the corresponding 19 @entity1 showed that an aneuploid characteristic of the @entity2 was retained during progression of the disease. In 12 @entity1 analyzed by microspectrophotometry in tissue sections, comparison of chondroblastic and osteoblastic/fibroblastic areas within the same lesion consistently disclosed hyperploidy in both areas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Ploidy and morphology in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Background. Intensity of exercise and low energy consumption, specific type and amount of training, early age at initiation, previous @entity2 , low body mass index (BMI) or percentage body fat, pathological feeding habits and @entity1 have been suggested as potential factors accountable for @entity2 in female athletes.Aim. To evaluate the influence of intensive training and of dietetic and anthropometric factors on menstrual cycles in female ballet dancers.Method. A case-control study, in which a structured interview and physical examination were carried out in two groups of teenagers aged between 12 and 18 years. The study included a total of 115 adolescent @entity0 distributed in two groups: dancers (group B, n = 38) and @entity0 of the same age not engaged in any sports activity (group C, n = 77).Results. Early starting high-intensity training delayed the onset of menarche ( p < 0.001). Dancers had a higher prevalence of @entity4 and @entity3 than control @entity0 ( p = 0.004). Additionally, the dancers had lower scores in anthropometric variables: breast circumference 80 cm vs. 86.6 cm for controls ( p = 0.0001), low weight in 18% of dancers vs. 2.6% of controls ( p = 0.0001), and low height in 18% of dancers vs. 9% of controls ( p = 0.016). In addition, in dancers, low BMI was observed in 21% compared with 13% of controls ( p = 0.0001). Finally, 32% of the dancers were on a weight-control diet while this percentage decreased to 12% for the @entity0 in control group (odds ratio = 3.49, 95% confidence interval = 1.31-9.25).Conclusions. In ballet dancers, high-intensity training was associated with late onset of menarche, @entity2 , lower weight and height development, and abnormal feeding behaviors.

title: Influence of high-intensity training and of dietetic and anthropometric factors on XXXX in ballet dancers.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transmissible @entity2 (Psa) strains such as the Liverpool Epidemic Strain (LES) are now widespread throughout UK @entity3 clinics: their susceptibility to antibiotics is therefore important. To study this, we compared antibiogram patterns of Psa strains in our @entity3 clinic over 5 years, looking at differences in resistance patterns between strains and changes to these over time. METHODS: The antibiograms of sputum samples between 2004 and 2008 from @entity0 attending our centre were included. We compared Psa isolate antibiotic resistance (to six anti-pseudomonal antibiotics) patterns for @entity0 infected with LES with those infected with other Psa strains, both in the total population in 2004 (125 @entity0 ) and 2008 (166 @entity0 ) and also longitudinally from annual review samples 2004 to 2008 in matched and unmatched @entity0 groups. RESULTS: LES exhibited significantly more resistant isolates in 2004 (p<0.0001). There was an increase in antibiotic resistance in both LES and other Psa strains over time (p<0.001). Cox proportional hazards analysis of both unmatched (n=125) and matched (n=56) @entity0 in 2004 revealed that LES infected @entity0 were more likely to develop antibiotic resistant isolates over time (hazard ratio 8.1, p<0.001). Fewer LES isolates were classed as fully sensitive in both matched and unmatched groups at the end of study period (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study shows a worrying trend in antibiotic resistance in the Psa isolates amongst @entity0 chronically infected with LES. This highlights the need to prevent @entity1 through segregation and also the need to develop new strategies to treat these organisms.

title: Increasing resistance of the Liverpool Epidemic Strain (LES) of XXXX (Psa) to antibiotics in @entity3 ( @entity3 )--a cause for concern?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transmissible @entity2 (Psa) strains such as the Liverpool Epidemic Strain (LES) are now widespread throughout UK @entity3 clinics: their susceptibility to antibiotics is therefore important. To study this, we compared antibiogram patterns of Psa strains in our @entity3 clinic over 5 years, looking at differences in resistance patterns between strains and changes to these over time. METHODS: The antibiograms of sputum samples between 2004 and 2008 from @entity0 attending our centre were included. We compared Psa isolate antibiotic resistance (to six anti-pseudomonal antibiotics) patterns for @entity0 infected with LES with those infected with other Psa strains, both in the total population in 2004 (125 @entity0 ) and 2008 (166 @entity0 ) and also longitudinally from annual review samples 2004 to 2008 in matched and unmatched @entity0 groups. RESULTS: LES exhibited significantly more resistant isolates in 2004 (p<0.0001). There was an increase in antibiotic resistance in both LES and other Psa strains over time (p<0.001). Cox proportional hazards analysis of both unmatched (n=125) and matched (n=56) @entity0 in 2004 revealed that LES infected @entity0 were more likely to develop antibiotic resistant isolates over time (hazard ratio 8.1, p<0.001). Fewer LES isolates were classed as fully sensitive in both matched and unmatched groups at the end of study period (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study shows a worrying trend in antibiotic resistance in the Psa isolates amongst @entity0 chronically infected with LES. This highlights the need to prevent @entity1 through segregation and also the need to develop new strategies to treat these organisms.

title: Increasing resistance of the Liverpool Epidemic Strain (LES) of @entity2 (Psa) to antibiotics in XXXX ( @entity3 )--a cause for concern?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transmissible @entity2 (Psa) strains such as the Liverpool Epidemic Strain (LES) are now widespread throughout UK @entity3 clinics: their susceptibility to antibiotics is therefore important. To study this, we compared antibiogram patterns of Psa strains in our @entity3 clinic over 5 years, looking at differences in resistance patterns between strains and changes to these over time. METHODS: The antibiograms of sputum samples between 2004 and 2008 from @entity0 attending our centre were included. We compared Psa isolate antibiotic resistance (to six anti-pseudomonal antibiotics) patterns for @entity0 infected with LES with those infected with other Psa strains, both in the total population in 2004 (125 @entity0 ) and 2008 (166 @entity0 ) and also longitudinally from annual review samples 2004 to 2008 in matched and unmatched @entity0 groups. RESULTS: LES exhibited significantly more resistant isolates in 2004 (p<0.0001). There was an increase in antibiotic resistance in both LES and other Psa strains over time (p<0.001). Cox proportional hazards analysis of both unmatched (n=125) and matched (n=56) @entity0 in 2004 revealed that LES infected @entity0 were more likely to develop antibiotic resistant isolates over time (hazard ratio 8.1, p<0.001). Fewer LES isolates were classed as fully sensitive in both matched and unmatched groups at the end of study period (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study shows a worrying trend in antibiotic resistance in the Psa isolates amongst @entity0 chronically infected with LES. This highlights the need to prevent @entity1 through segregation and also the need to develop new strategies to treat these organisms.

title: Increasing resistance of the Liverpool Epidemic Strain (LES) of @entity2 (Psa) to antibiotics in @entity3 ( XXXX )--a cause for concern?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abdominal surgical site infections (SSI) cause substantial morbidity and mortality for @entity0 undergoing operative procedures. We determined the incidence of and risk factors for SSI after abdominal surgery in the Department of Abdominal Surgery at the University Clinical Centre of Kosovo (UCCK). METHODOLOGY: Prospective surveillance of @entity0 undergoing abdominal surgery was performed between December 2005 and June 2006. CDC definitions were followed to detect SSI and study forms were based on Europe Link for Infection Control through Surveillance (HELICS) protocol. RESULTS: A total of 253 surgical interventions in 225 @entity0 were evaluated. The median age of @entity0 was 42 years and 55.1% of them were male. The overall incidence rate of SSI was 12%. Follow-up was achieved for 84.1% of the procedures. For @entity0 with an SSI, the median duration of hospitalization was 9 days compared with 4 days for those without an SSI (p2, use of antibiotic prophylaxis and NNIS class of >2 were all significant at p < .001. The SSI rates for the NNIS System risk classes 0, 1 and 2-3 were 4.2%, 46.7% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: SSI caused considerable morbidity among surgical @entity0 in UCCK. Appropriate active surveillance and @entity1 control measures should be introduced during preoperative, intra-operative, and postoperative care to reduce @entity1 rates.

title: XXXX in an abdominal surgical ward at Kosovo Teaching Hospital.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevalence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is higher among blacks as compared with whites in general population. This study describes unexpected racial differences in the prevalence of @entity3 and @entity4 among incident dialysis @entity0 , with whites being at a disadvantage. METHODS: Data were obtained from Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) 2728 form for incident dialysis @entity0 in Georgia, North Carolina and South Carolina in 1995-2003. The @entity3 and @entity4 prevalence between races were compared using adjusted odds ratios (ORs). The potential for case ascertainment bias was assessed. RESULTS: Compared with whites (n = 23 951), black @entity0 (n = 32 642) had lower prevalence of @entity3 (15.7 vs 31.2%) and @entity4 (28.1 vs 34.1%). After controlling for age, gender, @entity1 , @entity2 and smoking, the association of race with @entity3 varied by gender and @entity1 status: OR ranged from 0.36 (0.34-0.39) for non- @entity1 males to 0.57 (0.53-0.61) for @entity1 females. Racial differences were not fully explained by case ascertainment bias. The race- @entity4 association varied by age, gender and @entity1 : among @entity0 aged <55, blacks tended to have higher prevalence than whites (OR ranged from 0.99 (0.90-1.09) for @entity1 males to 1.25 (1.13-1.39) for non- @entity1 females), but among those aged above 55, blacks were less likely to @entity4 (OR ranged from 0.62 (0.58-0.67) for @entity1 males to 0.79 (0.73-0.85) for non- @entity1 females). CONCLUSIONS: Substantial racial disparities exist in @entity3 / @entity4 prevalence among incident dialysis @entity0 that persist after controlling for confounders and cannot be fully explained by disease misclassification.

title: Racial disparities in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease among incident end-stage renal disease XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the possible role of leptin in food intake and body weight regulation in @entity2 . We examined the effects of i.c.v. or i.p. acute leptin administration on food intake in food-deprived @entity2 at different time intervals post-injection (0-2, 2-8 and 0-8 h). Food intake was reduced by i.p. administered leptin (1 microg) at 8 h post-injection, without statistically significant differences after i.c.v. treatment. The present study shows for the first time in a teleost that chronic (10 days) leptin treatment (i.p.) reduces food intake, body @entity0 , specific growth rate and food efficiency ratio. Moreover, lipid and @entity1 metabolism seems to be regulated by leptin in fish. Chronic leptin treatment increased lipid mobilization and @entity1 storage as hepatic and muscle glycogen. Finally, leptin could mediate its actions on energy homeostasis in fish, at least in part, through interactions with hypothalamic @entity3 , since chronic leptin treatment reduced both hypothalamic noradrenergic and dopaminergic turnover without significant modifications in hypothalamic serotoninergic and neuropeptide Y (NPY) systems. In summary, our results suggest that leptin can regulate feeding behaviour and body weight homeostasis in fish.

title: Acute and chronic leptin reduces food intake and body weight in XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the possible role of leptin in food intake and body weight regulation in @entity2 . We examined the effects of i.c.v. or i.p. acute leptin administration on food intake in food-deprived @entity2 at different time intervals post-injection (0-2, 2-8 and 0-8 h). Food intake was reduced by i.p. administered leptin (1 microg) at 8 h post-injection, without statistically significant differences after i.c.v. treatment. The present study shows for the first time in a teleost that chronic (10 days) leptin treatment (i.p.) reduces food intake, body @entity0 , specific growth rate and food efficiency ratio. Moreover, lipid and @entity1 metabolism seems to be regulated by leptin in fish. Chronic leptin treatment increased lipid mobilization and @entity1 storage as hepatic and muscle glycogen. Finally, leptin could mediate its actions on energy homeostasis in fish, at least in part, through interactions with hypothalamic @entity3 , since chronic leptin treatment reduced both hypothalamic noradrenergic and dopaminergic turnover without significant modifications in hypothalamic serotoninergic and neuropeptide Y (NPY) systems. In summary, our results suggest that leptin can regulate feeding behaviour and body weight homeostasis in fish.

title: Acute and chronic leptin reduces food intake and body weight in @entity2 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The effect of rheumatic and @entity4 on skeletal remains provides an important source of information for knowledge of contemporary medicine. Few pathologic conditions have attracted so much interest as treponematoses. One of these, syphilis, was the most feared @entity8 throughout the civilized world until the introduction of @entity3 in the 20th century. OBJECTIVE: To describe paleopathological and ceramic illustrations of treponematoses in ancient Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paleopathological and ceramic material examples from the National Institute of Anthropology and History of Mexico were reviewed. RESULTS: A unique paleopathologic site for @entity10 comprises the La Candelaria Cave skeletal collection from northern Mexico. The cave was used as a burial site and contained the bones of at least 83 adults and 33 subadults. Fifty-one percent of the recovered skulls possess erosions of the vault consistent with treponematoses. Some of these exhibit the @entity1 with irregular borders typical of caries sicca. In addition, periostosis of the long bones was found in up to 88% of the study sample, including 6 examples of @entity2 . Radiocarbon dating (-C) of a bone retrieved from the cave ranges from 1100 to 1300 A.D. Additionally, a Pre-Hispanic ceramic figurine from the Mexican state of Nayarit depicting a lame @entity0 with multiple nodular @entity5 that suggest gummatous @entity10 is described. CONCLUSIONS: These ancient specimens reinforce the notion that @entity10 was present on the American Continent before European penetration of the New World. These very advanced paleopathologic lesions and ceramic representations demonstrate the degree to which these diseases wrought devastation before the antibiotic @entity9 . In ancient times, treponematoses were true @entity6 that produced profound @entity7 marked by periosteal accretion and @entity1 .

title: XXXX in the ancient Americas: the skeletal manifestations of treponematoses.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the surgical outcomes and evaluate the effectiveness of two treatments for central @entity6 : radial optic neurotomy (RON) and cannulation of @entity3 (tPA) into the retinal vein (tPA). METHODS: This study consisted of 22 eyes. The inclusion criterion was a best-corrected visual acuity of < or =20/60 due to central @entity6 . The exclusion criteria were previous treatment and the presence of @entity4 . @entity0 were randomized into RON or tPA groups (n = 11 each). Best-corrected visual acuity, macular thickness, and complications were recorded. RESULTS: The mean best-corrected visual acuity changed from 16/200 at baseline to 20/167 at 12 months in RON (P = 0.217) and from 10/200 to 20/200 in tPA (P = 0.051). The preoperative macular thicknesses decreased from 1,059 microm to 406 microm 12 months postoperatively in RON (P < 0.001) and from 1,121 microm to 271 microm (P < 0.001) in tPA. @entity5 developed in 2 eyes (18%) in RON and in 4 eyes (40%) in tPA. @entity2 associated with surgery were seen in 2 eyes (18%) in RON. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in surgical outcomes between the two procedures. Although best-corrected visual acuity and macular @entity1 improved, the incidence of @entity5 was high. It is, therefore, still uncertain whether these treatments are effective.

title: Comparison of surgical treatments for central @entity6 ; RON vs. cannulation of XXXX into the retinal vein.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the surgical outcomes and evaluate the effectiveness of two treatments for central @entity6 : radial optic neurotomy (RON) and cannulation of @entity3 (tPA) into the retinal vein (tPA). METHODS: This study consisted of 22 eyes. The inclusion criterion was a best-corrected visual acuity of < or =20/60 due to central @entity6 . The exclusion criteria were previous treatment and the presence of @entity4 . @entity0 were randomized into RON or tPA groups (n = 11 each). Best-corrected visual acuity, macular thickness, and complications were recorded. RESULTS: The mean best-corrected visual acuity changed from 16/200 at baseline to 20/167 at 12 months in RON (P = 0.217) and from 10/200 to 20/200 in tPA (P = 0.051). The preoperative macular thicknesses decreased from 1,059 microm to 406 microm 12 months postoperatively in RON (P < 0.001) and from 1,121 microm to 271 microm (P < 0.001) in tPA. @entity5 developed in 2 eyes (18%) in RON and in 4 eyes (40%) in tPA. @entity2 associated with surgery were seen in 2 eyes (18%) in RON. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in surgical outcomes between the two procedures. Although best-corrected visual acuity and macular @entity1 improved, the incidence of @entity5 was high. It is, therefore, still uncertain whether these treatments are effective.

title: Comparison of surgical treatments for central XXXX ; RON vs. cannulation of @entity3 into the retinal vein.

answer: @entity6


abstract: A 15-year-old @entity0 developed a progressive paraparesis over a period of six months, secondary to @entity4 by a lipomatous mass and @entity7 . Clinically, a @entity12 affecting the trunk and lower limb was evident, as well as a right @entity3 . CT and MRI demonstrated severe @entity4 resulting from @entity10 , @entity11 of right facet joints (T8 to L5), and @entity8 . Surgical decompression was undertaken. @entity3 of 48 degrees was partially corrected by means of dual-rod instrumentation. The neurological deficit improved significantly, and ambulation was progressively restored. The @entity0 carried the diagnosis of @entity2 for several years, but reevaluation of clinical features prompted the diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This rare @entity5 is often confused with @entity2 . As in @entity2 , @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity1 can result from @entity6 and/or significant @entity9 including @entity8 and @entity11 . @entity1 and @entity2 are discussed and compared with special emphasis on spinal and orthopaedic pathologies.

title: @entity1 ( XXXX ): a challenge in spinal care.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 15-year-old @entity0 developed a progressive paraparesis over a period of six months, secondary to @entity4 by a lipomatous mass and @entity7 . Clinically, a @entity12 affecting the trunk and lower limb was evident, as well as a right @entity3 . CT and MRI demonstrated severe @entity4 resulting from @entity10 , @entity11 of right facet joints (T8 to L5), and @entity8 . Surgical decompression was undertaken. @entity3 of 48 degrees was partially corrected by means of dual-rod instrumentation. The neurological deficit improved significantly, and ambulation was progressively restored. The @entity0 carried the diagnosis of @entity2 for several years, but reevaluation of clinical features prompted the diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This rare @entity5 is often confused with @entity2 . As in @entity2 , @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity1 can result from @entity6 and/or significant @entity9 including @entity8 and @entity11 . @entity1 and @entity2 are discussed and compared with special emphasis on spinal and orthopaedic pathologies.

title: XXXX ( @entity1 ): a challenge in spinal care.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The @entity1 pathogen @entity2 , causal organism of the @entity1 disease @entity2 blotch, has emerged as a model for the Dothideomycetes, a large fungal taxon that includes many important plant pathogens. The initial annotation of the genome assembly included 16,586 nuclear gene models. These gene models were used to design a microarray that has been interrogated with labelled transcripts from six cDNA samples: four from infected @entity1 plants at time points spanning early infection to sporulation, and two time points taken from growth in artificial media. Positive signals of expression were obtained for 12,281 genes. This represents strong corroborative evidence of the validity of these gene models. Significantly differential expression between the various time points was observed. When infected samples were compared with axenic cultures, 2882 genes were expressed at a higher level in planta and 3630 were expressed more highly in vitro. Similar numbers were differentially expressed between different developmental stages. The earliest time points in planta were particularly enriched in differentially expressed genes. A disproportionate number of the early expressed gene products were predicted to be secreted, but otherwise had no obvious sequence homology to functionally characterized genes. These genes are candidate necrotrophic effectors. We have focused attention on genes for @entity0 metabolism and the specific biosynthetic pathways active during growth in planta. The analysis points to a very dynamic adjustment of metabolism during infection. Functional analysis of a gene in the coenzyme A biosynthetic pathway showed that the enzyme was dispensable for growth, indicating that a precursor is supplied by the plant.

title: Transcriptome analysis of XXXX : gene models, effectors, metabolism and pantothenate dispensability.

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) because of 21-hydroxylase deficiency have multiple vascular risk factors. Young adults with @entity4 have increased intima media thickness, but there have been no studies of vascular function and structure in @entity0 with @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: To establish whether @entity0 with @entity4 have reduced vascular function and increased carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) when compared to healthy and @entity1 @entity0 . DESIGN AND @entity0 : Cross-sectional study of 14 @entity0 (14.8 years    3.2, seven @entity0 ) with @entity6 compared to 28 @entity1 and 53 healthy controls. MEASUREMENTS: All subjects had assessment of endothelial function flow-mediated dilatation, ( @entity2 ), smooth muscle function @entity5 dilatation (GTN) and cIMT. Anthropometric data, resting blood pressure and biochemical variables were also measured. RESULTS: @entity4 subjects had significantly reduced @entity2 (4.5    3.0% vs 7.5    5.2%; P = 0.04) and GTN (17.2    1.6% vs 28.4    8.4%; P < 0.001) when compared to controls and the impairment was comparable to the @entity1 cohort. There was no significant difference in cIMT between groups. @entity4 subjects had increased homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR 2.5 (0.2-2.9) vs 1.8 (0.5-4.2); P = 0.04], waist-to-height ratio (0.47    0.05 vs 0.44    0.04; P = 0.02) and higher systolic blood pressure Z score (0.29    0.9 vs-0.24    0.64, P = 0.01) compared to healthy controls but not when compared to @entity1 controls. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with @entity4 have evidence of @entity3 by adolescence.

title: Adolescents with @entity6 have XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) because of 21-hydroxylase deficiency have multiple vascular risk factors. Young adults with @entity4 have increased intima media thickness, but there have been no studies of vascular function and structure in @entity0 with @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: To establish whether @entity0 with @entity4 have reduced vascular function and increased carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) when compared to healthy and @entity1 @entity0 . DESIGN AND @entity0 : Cross-sectional study of 14 @entity0 (14.8 years    3.2, seven @entity0 ) with @entity6 compared to 28 @entity1 and 53 healthy controls. MEASUREMENTS: All subjects had assessment of endothelial function flow-mediated dilatation, ( @entity2 ), smooth muscle function @entity5 dilatation (GTN) and cIMT. Anthropometric data, resting blood pressure and biochemical variables were also measured. RESULTS: @entity4 subjects had significantly reduced @entity2 (4.5    3.0% vs 7.5    5.2%; P = 0.04) and GTN (17.2    1.6% vs 28.4    8.4%; P < 0.001) when compared to controls and the impairment was comparable to the @entity1 cohort. There was no significant difference in cIMT between groups. @entity4 subjects had increased homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR 2.5 (0.2-2.9) vs 1.8 (0.5-4.2); P = 0.04], waist-to-height ratio (0.47    0.05 vs 0.44    0.04; P = 0.02) and higher systolic blood pressure Z score (0.29    0.9 vs-0.24    0.64, P = 0.01) compared to healthy controls but not when compared to @entity1 controls. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects with @entity4 have evidence of @entity3 by adolescence.

title: Adolescents with XXXX have @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECT: Due to advances in neuroimaging and the increasing use of imaging to screen for @entity2 ("brain checkups"), @entity3 are now often detected as an incidental finding. The natural history of these @entity4 remains unclear, however. In this study, the authors investigated the natural history and growth pattern of incidentally detected @entity3 using serial volumetric assessment and regression analysis. METHODS: In 70 @entity0 with incidentally discovered @entity3 who underwent follow-up for longer than 1 year, @entity1 volumes were calculated volumetrically at each follow-up visit, and @entity1 growth was determined. In @entity0 with @entity1 growth, regression analysis was performed to determine the pattern of growth. RESULTS: Forty-four @entity1 exhibited growth and 26 did not. In a regression analysis, 16 of the @entity1 that grew followed an exponential growth pattern and 15 exhibited linear growth patterns. The presence of calcification was the only imaging characteristic that significantly distinguished the group with @entity1 growth from that without, although no radiological characteristics significantly distinguished the exponential growth group from the linear growth group. Two @entity0 with obvious @entity1 growth underwent surgical removal and the pathological specimens extracted showed a high proliferative potential. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found that incidentally discovered @entity3 did not always follow an exponential growth pattern but often exhibited more complex patterns of growth. Serial monitoring of @entity1 volumes and regression analysis may reveal the growth pattern of incidental @entity3 and provide information useful for determining treatment strategy.

title: Serial volumetric assessment of the natural history and growth pattern of incidentally discovered XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) markers in tissues of the anterior eye segment. METHODS: Sections of @entity0 anterior segments from eight eyes of eight donors (37-100 years) were stained for @entity3 , @entity9 , @entity8 , @entity7 , Pcx, @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity1 . @entity7 localization was additionally analyzed by immunogold labeling on sections of five eyes. Expression of LEC markers and chemokine receptor/ligands was analyzed by RT-PCR in iris and trabecular meshwork (TM) tissue from three eyes and eight @entity0 TM (hTM) cell cultures. RESULTS: @entity3 and @entity9 stained no structures in the anterior segment. @entity8 stained single dendriform cells in the ciliary body, the TM, and the iris. @entity7 stained all trabecular cells, the cells of the trabeculum ciliare, and the anteriormost perimysium cells of the ciliary muscle. Schlemm's canal endothelium was not stained but reacted to a podocalyxin antibody. In the iris stroma, single dendriform cells were stained; at the anterior surface, almost all cells were @entity7 (+). Few stromal cells were @entity7 (+)/Lyve(+), but several anterior surface cells were @entity7 (+)/ @entity2 (+). Solitary @entity4 (+) cells were observed there, too. IF results were confirmed by PCR, but @entity9 was detected in TM and iris. Cultured hTM cells displayed partial @entity7 / @entity2 colocalization. CONCLUSIONS: Coexpression of @entity7 and @entity2 at the anterior iris surface and in the chamber angle suggests the constitution of a chemokine gradient guiding @entity6 through the anterior chamber. The more pronounced expression of @entity7 in the TM could favor egression of @entity6 by way of the conventional outflow.

title: Expression of podoplanin and other lymphatic markers in the XXXX anterior eye segment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A series of 53 @entity0 who sustained extrahepatic biliary tract trauma were analysed to define the role of the various surgical options. Of the 45 @entity0 with @entity3 , 39 were due to stab wounds. Nine of the 45 @entity1 were repaired by primary suture without complication. Five @entity0 underwent cholecystostomy and all developed biliary fistulae, which resulted in prolonged hospitalization. Cholecystectomy was performed in 31 @entity0 ; in retrospect many of these gallbladders could have been preserved because on only eight occasions was the gallbladder extensively damaged. Of eight extrahepatic @entity4 , the three partial transections managed by primary repair had a successful outcome, while the five complete transections were managed by a variety of techniques. Delayed diagnosis, failure of operative recognition of the injury and improper management were factors that led to mortality in two @entity0 and prolonged morbidity in another. We conclude that suture repair is the operation of choice for @entity3 without @entity1 . @entity1 must be recognized. Partial transections are best managed by primary repair. Complete transections should be managed by primary duct jejunal @entity2 if the expertise is available.

title: Surgical options in XXXX to the extrahepatic biliary tract.

answer: @entity1


abstract: There is a controversy regarding most effective operative method for treatment of @entity6 and whether to use metallic implants on the site of @entity4 . This retrospective study reports on the outcome of 17 @entity0 with persistent cervical and lumbar @entity6 who had one-stage combined surgery and fusion with use of a @entity5 mesh cage for intractable @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity1 . All @entity0 tolerated the combined operation and were followed up on for 45 months. Incomplete @entity1 improved postoperatively an average 1.4 Frankel grades. Visual analog @entity3 score (mean) improved from 7 preoperatively to 2 postoperatively. Average correction of local @entity2 was 6 degrees without loss of correction at final observation. There was no expulsion or migration of any @entity5 mesh cage or loosening of the posterior instrumentation. There was an approach-related @entity10 after @entity8 . At the final followup, the combined operation in combination with the use of the mesh cage improved sagittal alignment and resulted in eradication of the @entity4 and attainment of solid fusion. The presence of the @entity5 mesh cage anteriorly at the site of @entity4 had no adverse effect on the course of @entity4 . @entity0 with cervical and lumbar @entity9 can successfully have instrumented-combined, one-stage surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic study, Level II (retrospective study). Please see the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: One-stage combined surgery with mesh cages for treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine the types of @entity6 treated in a one-year in a maxillo-facial unit operating in a mountainous region. METHODS: All @entity0 admitted to the Grenoble University Hospital maxillo-facial unit for a one year period were studied. We noted cause of @entity2 , age, sex, type and location of @entity3 , type of soft tissue injury, time between @entity2 and surgery. RESULTS: A total of 994 @entity0 presenting maxillo-facial @entity2 underwent surgery over one year; 30% of the unit's maxillo-facial surgical activity. On average, 80 @entity0 were treated for maxillo-facial @entity2 per month, with a peak of 97 @entity6 in July; 65.6% were hospitalized in the maxillo-facial unit; 25,4% of the injured were aged between 21 and 30 years. Sex-ratio was 2.7M/1F. The most frequent cause was @entity5 (25.8%) followed, in decreasing order, by traffic @entity2 (23.1%), @entity2 (17.6%), fight @entity2 (3.4%), @entity2 (3.4%) and @entity4 bites (3.2%). 10.5% of the @entity2 occurred in a mountainous setting and 40.7% were @entity5 , 95% of which during practice of winter's sports. Injuries included @entity3 (65.5%) with or without soft tissue damage, and soft tissue @entity2 only (34.5%); 33.6% of the @entity0 had other lesions of the body. 67.2% underwent surgery within the first 24 hours and 86.9% before the fifth day. DISCUSSION: Sports accidents are the leading cause of facial @entity2 in the mountainous regions. Most @entity6 result from @entity1 , surf and other winter sports accidents. Most of the victims were given surgical care within the first 24 hours following the accident.

title: [ XXXX treated in the Grenoble University Hospital. Epidemiological analysis of 961 @entity0 managed in one year].

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to determine the types of @entity6 treated in a one-year in a maxillo-facial unit operating in a mountainous region. METHODS: All @entity0 admitted to the Grenoble University Hospital maxillo-facial unit for a one year period were studied. We noted cause of @entity2 , age, sex, type and location of @entity3 , type of soft tissue injury, time between @entity2 and surgery. RESULTS: A total of 994 @entity0 presenting maxillo-facial @entity2 underwent surgery over one year; 30% of the unit's maxillo-facial surgical activity. On average, 80 @entity0 were treated for maxillo-facial @entity2 per month, with a peak of 97 @entity6 in July; 65.6% were hospitalized in the maxillo-facial unit; 25,4% of the injured were aged between 21 and 30 years. Sex-ratio was 2.7M/1F. The most frequent cause was @entity5 (25.8%) followed, in decreasing order, by traffic @entity2 (23.1%), @entity2 (17.6%), fight @entity2 (3.4%), @entity2 (3.4%) and @entity4 bites (3.2%). 10.5% of the @entity2 occurred in a mountainous setting and 40.7% were @entity5 , 95% of which during practice of winter's sports. Injuries included @entity3 (65.5%) with or without soft tissue damage, and soft tissue @entity2 only (34.5%); 33.6% of the @entity0 had other lesions of the body. 67.2% underwent surgery within the first 24 hours and 86.9% before the fifth day. DISCUSSION: Sports accidents are the leading cause of facial @entity2 in the mountainous regions. Most @entity6 result from @entity1 , surf and other winter sports accidents. Most of the victims were given surgical care within the first 24 hours following the accident.

title: [ @entity6 treated in the Grenoble University Hospital. Epidemiological analysis of 961 XXXX managed in one year].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) have electrophysiological evidence of optic nerve fibre mis-routing similar to that found in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHOD: We recorded the Pattern Onset VEP using a protocol optimised to detect mis-routing of optic nerve fibres in older @entity0 and adults. We tested 20 @entity0 (age 15-69 yrs) with X-linked or autosomal recessive @entity1 , 14 @entity0 (age 9-56 yrs) with @entity3 and 13 normally pigmented volunteers (age 21-66 yrs). We measured the amplitude and latency of the CI component at the occipital midline and over left and right occipital hemispheres. We also assessed the computed inter-hemispheric "difference" signal. Subjects with @entity1 were classified as having the "complete" or "incomplete" phenotype on the basis of their ERG characteristics. Members of X-linked @entity1 pedigrees underwent mutation screening of the @entity4 and @entity2 genes. RESULTS: CI was significantly smaller over the ipsilateral hemisphere and more prominent over the contralateral hemisphere in @entity3 @entity0 compared with both controls and @entity1 @entity0 . In @entity1 @entity0 CI response amplitudes were not significantly different from controls but peak latency was prolonged at all three electrodes compared with controls. The inter-hemispheric "difference" signal was abnormal for the @entity3 group but not for the @entity1 group. Contralateral dominance of CI could be identified in the majority of @entity3 @entity0 and the "difference" signal was opposite in polarity for left compared with right eye stimulation in every @entity0 in this group. Only 3 of 20 @entity0 with @entity1 showed significant inter-hemispheric asymmetry similar to that seen in the @entity3 @entity0 . All 3 @entity1 @entity0 with evidence for optic nerve fibre mis-routing had X-linked pedigrees: 2 had an identified mutation in the @entity4 gene but no mutation in either the @entity4 or @entity2 genes was identified in the third. VEP evidence of optic nerve fibre mis-routing was present in 3 of the 11 subjects with "complete" phenotype and none of the 9 @entity0 with "incomplete" phenotype @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Mis-routing of optic nerve fibres does occur in @entity1 but we found evidence of it in only 15% of our @entity0 .

title: Is optic nerve fibre mis-routing a feature of XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: To assess the differences between @entity1 of different location and different etiology, 372 @entity1 were brought in a tissue microarray format. The collection included 23 acral and 118 @entity1 , @entity1 , 100 @entity4 , and 122 @entity1 metastases. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to assess copy number changes of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity6 , @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and @entity3 genes. FISH analysis revealed distinct differences between @entity1 from different locations. @entity5 amplifications were detected in @entity1 from sites with chronic sun exposure (6 of 32 cases), acral @entity1 (4 of 17 cases), and @entity1 (one of ten cases) but not in @entity4 . High-level @entity6 amplifications were exclusively present in acral @entity1 (2 of 19 cases). @entity2 copy number gains were detected in 32 of 71 @entity4 , @entity1 , and 6 of 67 @entity1 from sites with intermittent sun exposure but not in acral @entity1 nor @entity1 from sites with chronic sun exposure. Alterations of the @entity2 gene were associated with advanced @entity0 stage. There were no high-level @entity3 amplifications. Site-specific genetic and epigenetic features may impact the response of @entity1 to various anti- @entity0 drugs and should be considered in future studies on the molecular pathogenesis of @entity1 .

title: Anatomic site-specific patterns of gene copy number gains in skin, mucosal, and XXXX detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Locoregional recurrence in @entity0 with Stage C3 (adjacent organ invasion) @entity2 approaches 100% when surgery is not followed by adjuvant radiation therapy. The advent of the intestinal sling procedure (use of an absorbable @entity8 mesh to suspend the small bowel out of the pelvis) has allowed tumoricidal doses (5000 cGy) of radiation therapy to be delivered to the pelvis without incurring radiation associated small bowel injury (RASBI). This surgical technique has allowed us to readdress the question, "what is the effectiveness of postoperative radiation therapy when tumoricidal doses can be safely administered to @entity0 with Stage C3 @entity1 ?" Nineteen consecutive @entity0 with Stage C3 @entity2 underwent resective procedures and simultaneous use of the intestinal sling procedure. Postoperatively, all @entity0 underwent contrast simulation studies that documented the small bowel above the sacral promentory. Tumoricidal doses ranging from 5200 to 5800 cGy (mean, 5600 cGy) were administered in fractionated doses. No @entity0 demonstrated obstruction, @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity6 , cramps, @entity4 , or acute RASBI. There have been two locoregional recurrences in a mean follow-up period of 33 months (range, 12 to 54 months) in @entity0 evaluated by physical examination, @entity7 ( @entity7 ) levels, computed axial tomography (CAT) scans, endoscopy, and reoperation or autopsy (P = 0.01). There have been ten distant recurrences (eight liver, one brain, and one lung). Three @entity0 were reoperated on to rule out recurrence at 16, 17, and 24 months. All mesh was resorbed and there were no adhesions and no recurrent @entity1 . When the intestinal sling procedure is used, tumoricidal doses of radiation therapy can be safely administered without incurring RASBI. Postoperative high-dose radiation therapy can suppress locoregional recurrences in Stage C3 @entity2 over and above what would be expected.

title: The safe and effective use of postoperative radiation therapy in modified Astler Coller Stage C3 XXXX .

answer: @entity1