abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aims to assess quality of life (QoL), functional outcome, and social impact following ileal pouch anal @entity3 (IPAA) for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) since Indian data is limited. Data was collected prospectively from @entity0 who underwent IPAA for @entity1 or @entity4 from 2004 to 2013. QoL and functional outcome at 1, 3, and 5 years after surgery, return to work, and change of job (social impact) were documented. QoL was assessed using the validated Cleveland Global Quality of Life (CGQL) score, the normal score being 1.0. Twenty-five @entity0 were analyzed. Mean CGQL scores before surgery and at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.5, 0.63, 0.73, and 0.8, respectively. @entity4 @entity0 had better scores at 3 and 5 years. Only 40 % returned to same job. Sixty-four percent returned to work within a year. The median number of bowel movements per 24 h was less for @entity4 @entity0 at 3 and 5 years. @entity1 @entity0 on long-term @entity2 had poorer function at 3 years. Long-term QoL and functional outcomes following IPAA are acceptable. @entity5 in QoL, mainly in @entity4 and long-term adverse social impact in both groups should not be underestimated. @entity1 @entity0 on long-term @entity2 showed delayed improvement in pouch function.

title: Quality of life, social impact and functional outcome following ileal pouch-anal @entity3 for XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study aims to assess quality of life (QoL), functional outcome, and social impact following ileal pouch anal @entity3 (IPAA) for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) since Indian data is limited. Data was collected prospectively from @entity0 who underwent IPAA for @entity1 or @entity4 from 2004 to 2013. QoL and functional outcome at 1, 3, and 5 years after surgery, return to work, and change of job (social impact) were documented. QoL was assessed using the validated Cleveland Global Quality of Life (CGQL) score, the normal score being 1.0. Twenty-five @entity0 were analyzed. Mean CGQL scores before surgery and at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.5, 0.63, 0.73, and 0.8, respectively. @entity4 @entity0 had better scores at 3 and 5 years. Only 40 % returned to same job. Sixty-four percent returned to work within a year. The median number of bowel movements per 24 h was less for @entity4 @entity0 at 3 and 5 years. @entity1 @entity0 on long-term @entity2 had poorer function at 3 years. Long-term QoL and functional outcomes following IPAA are acceptable. @entity5 in QoL, mainly in @entity4 and long-term adverse social impact in both groups should not be underestimated. @entity1 @entity0 on long-term @entity2 showed delayed improvement in pouch function.

title: Quality of life, social impact and functional outcome following ileal pouch-anal @entity3 for @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 is a common feature during @entity4 that occurs due to iatrogenic @entity3 , @entity5 of serum @entity1 levels and @entity9 production, and a decreased lifespan of erythrocytes. However, these mechanisms are unlikely to play a role in @entity7 at the start of @entity4 . Moreover, sequestration of fluids, @entity2 and increase of intravascular space may additionally influence the change in hemoglobin concentration during intravenous fluid administration in the acute phase of @entity4 . METHODS: In this retrospective study, @entity0 who were admitted acutely to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were included. @entity0 who fulfilled the international criteria for severe @entity4 or @entity6 were included in the @entity4 group (S-group). The remaining @entity0 were allocated to the control group (C-group). Laboratory data from blood samples taken at first presentation to the hospital and at admission to the ICU, the amount of intravenous fluid administration and length of stay in the emergency department were collected and tested for significant differences between groups. RESULTS: The difference in hemoglobin concentration between the S-group (n   =   296) and C-group (n   =   320) at first presentation in hospital was not significant (8.8        1.2 versus 8.9        1.2  mmol/l, respectively, p   =   0.07). The reduction in hemoglobin concentration from the first presentation at the emergency department to ICU admission was significantly greater in the S-group compared to the C-group (1 [0.5-1.7] versus 0.5 [0.1-1.1] mmol/l, (p   <   0.001)). Spearman rho correlation coefficients between the reduction in hemoglobin concentration and the amount of intravenous fluids administered or the @entity8 level in the emergency department were significant (0.3 and 0.4, respectively, p   <   0.001). In a multivariate regression analysis, @entity8 , the amount of fluid administration and the presence of @entity4 remained independently associated. CONCLUSIONS: Prior to in-hospital intravenous fluid administration, there is no significant difference in hemoglobin concentration between acute septic @entity0 and acutely ill controls. Within several hours after hospital admission, there is a significant reduction in hemoglobin concentration, not only associated with the amount of intravenous fluids administered and the @entity8 level, but also independently with @entity4 itself.

title: 'Sepsis-related XXXX ' is absent at hospital presentation; a retrospective cohort analysis.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 mosquitoes are the main vectors of dengue viruses to @entity0 . Understanding their biology and interactions with the pathogen are prerequisites for development of dengue transmission control strategies. Mosquito salivary glands are organs involved directly in pathogen transmission to vertebrate hosts. Information on the spatial distribution of gene expression in these organs is expected to assist in the development of novel disease control strategies, including those that entail the release of transgenic mosquitoes with impaired vector competence. RESULTS: We report here the hybridization in situ patterns of 30 transcripts expressed in the salivary glands of adult Ae. aegypti females. Distinct spatial accumulation patterns were identified. The products of twelve genes are localized exclusively in the proximal-lateral lobes. Among these, three accumulate preferentially in the most anterior portion of the proximal-lateral lobe. This pattern revealed a salivary gland cell type previously undescribed in Ae. aegypti, which was validated by transmission electron microscopy. Five distinct gene products accumulate in the @entity3 and another five localize in the medial lobe. Seven transcripts are found in the distal-lateral and medial lobes. The transcriptional product of one gene accumulates in proximal- and @entity3 . Seven genes analyzed by quantitative PCR are expressed constitutively. The most abundant salivary gland transcripts are those localized within the proximal-lateral lobes, while previous work has shown that the @entity3 are the most active in protein synthesis. This incongruity suggests a role for translational regulation in mosquito saliva production. CONCLUSIONS: Transgenic mosquitoes with reduced vector competence have been proposed as tools for the control of dengue virus transmission. Expression of anti-dengue effector molecules in the @entity3 of Ae. aegypti salivary glands has been shown to reduce prevalence and mean intensities of @entity1 . We anticipate greater efficiency of viral suppression if effector genes are expressed in all lobes of the salivary glands. Based on our data, a minimum of two promoters is necessary to drive the expression of one or more anti-dengue genes in all cells of the female salivary glands.

title: Spatial mapping of gene expression in the salivary glands of the dengue vector mosquito, XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: An 8.5-mo-old female @entity6 was examined for an apparent lump on the right arm, below the elbow. The macaque showed no signs of @entity1 or discomfort. Examination revealed that the lump was actually a bend in the forearm. Radiography demonstrated that some of the long bones of the animal were bowed. Differential diagnoses included @entity9 , @entity7 , pseudohyperparathyroidism, and a growth @entity5 . No other similar abnormalities in animals from that cage or any other enclosure in our large colony were observed. Blood chemistries and a complete hemogram were within normal limits for a macaque of this age. Serum was submitted for a @entity3 profile that included assays for @entity12 , @entity10 , and ionized @entity2 . Serum samples from sex- and age-matched normal controls were sent for comparison and to establish a baseline profile. The affected animal had @entity3 levels comparable to unaffected controls. Bone biopsies appeared normal for a macaque of this age. @entity8 levels in the drinking water supply were within acceptable limits. Consistent with the information available, a diagnosis of idiopathic camptomelia, or bowing of the long bones, was made. In @entity0 , developmental camptomelia is associated with several @entity11 in @entity0 and @entity0 . These conditions are thought to be caused by genetic mutations in enzymes or transcription factors that control development of the epiphyses and are almost always associated with other lethal and nonlethal @entity4 .

title: Camptomelia in a XXXX ( @entity6 ).

answer: @entity6


abstract: An 8.5-mo-old female @entity6 was examined for an apparent lump on the right arm, below the elbow. The macaque showed no signs of @entity1 or discomfort. Examination revealed that the lump was actually a bend in the forearm. Radiography demonstrated that some of the long bones of the animal were bowed. Differential diagnoses included @entity9 , @entity7 , pseudohyperparathyroidism, and a growth @entity5 . No other similar abnormalities in animals from that cage or any other enclosure in our large colony were observed. Blood chemistries and a complete hemogram were within normal limits for a macaque of this age. Serum was submitted for a @entity3 profile that included assays for @entity12 , @entity10 , and ionized @entity2 . Serum samples from sex- and age-matched normal controls were sent for comparison and to establish a baseline profile. The affected animal had @entity3 levels comparable to unaffected controls. Bone biopsies appeared normal for a macaque of this age. @entity8 levels in the drinking water supply were within acceptable limits. Consistent with the information available, a diagnosis of idiopathic camptomelia, or bowing of the long bones, was made. In @entity0 , developmental camptomelia is associated with several @entity11 in @entity0 and @entity0 . These conditions are thought to be caused by genetic mutations in enzymes or transcription factors that control development of the epiphyses and are almost always associated with other lethal and nonlethal @entity4 .

title: Camptomelia in a @entity6 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of monitoring therapeutic effect of adenovirus vector containing IL12-IRES- @entity5 gene on a @entity1 VX2 @entity2 model by using phosphorous-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P @entity4 ). METHODS: A total of 18 healthy New Zealand White @entity1 were used to generate animal models by implanting VX2 @entity0 chips into livers through laparotomy. Tumor-bearing animals were randomly divided into three groups and were injected with AdCMVIL12-IRES- @entity5 , AdCMV-Empty and saline respectively via ear veins. 31P @entity4 scan was performed after animals were fed with @entity3 solution for five days. Animals were euthanized thereafter and @entity0 were removed for pathological examination, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and protein analysis (Western blot). RESULTS: The intrahepatic and seral expressions of @entity3 kinase ( @entity5 ) and IL-12 were detected only in AdCMVIL12-IRES- @entity5 group. Tumor diameters pre- and post- treatment in three groups were 1.63+/-0.04 vs 1.62+/-0.03 in AdCMVIL12-IRES- @entity5 group (P = 0.229), 1.59+/-0.05 vs 1.84+/-0.11 in AdCMV-Empty group (P = 0.003) and 1.60+/-0.02 vs 2.07+/-0.12 in saline group (P = 0.001), respectively. Pcr Changes between pre- and post- treatment among the three groups were compared (F = 6.235, P value is less than 0.05). PCr increased significantly in AdCMVIL12-IRES- @entity5 group as compared to AdCMV-Empty (P = 0.004) and saline group (P = 0.049), whereas no change found between AdCMV-Empty and saline group (P = 0.153). CONCLUSION: 31P @entity4 , an effective and non-invasive functional imaging method, can be used to monitor the therapeutic effect of adenovirus vector containing IL12-IRES- @entity5 gene on @entity1 VX2 @entity2 model through detecting metabolic product of imaging reporter gene @entity5 (pCr).

title: [Experimental study on monitoring gene expression by noninvasive method in XXXX VX2 @entity2 model].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of monitoring therapeutic effect of adenovirus vector containing IL12-IRES- @entity5 gene on a @entity1 VX2 @entity2 model by using phosphorous-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P @entity4 ). METHODS: A total of 18 healthy New Zealand White @entity1 were used to generate animal models by implanting VX2 @entity0 chips into livers through laparotomy. Tumor-bearing animals were randomly divided into three groups and were injected with AdCMVIL12-IRES- @entity5 , AdCMV-Empty and saline respectively via ear veins. 31P @entity4 scan was performed after animals were fed with @entity3 solution for five days. Animals were euthanized thereafter and @entity0 were removed for pathological examination, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and protein analysis (Western blot). RESULTS: The intrahepatic and seral expressions of @entity3 kinase ( @entity5 ) and IL-12 were detected only in AdCMVIL12-IRES- @entity5 group. Tumor diameters pre- and post- treatment in three groups were 1.63+/-0.04 vs 1.62+/-0.03 in AdCMVIL12-IRES- @entity5 group (P = 0.229), 1.59+/-0.05 vs 1.84+/-0.11 in AdCMV-Empty group (P = 0.003) and 1.60+/-0.02 vs 2.07+/-0.12 in saline group (P = 0.001), respectively. Pcr Changes between pre- and post- treatment among the three groups were compared (F = 6.235, P value is less than 0.05). PCr increased significantly in AdCMVIL12-IRES- @entity5 group as compared to AdCMV-Empty (P = 0.004) and saline group (P = 0.049), whereas no change found between AdCMV-Empty and saline group (P = 0.153). CONCLUSION: 31P @entity4 , an effective and non-invasive functional imaging method, can be used to monitor the therapeutic effect of adenovirus vector containing IL12-IRES- @entity5 gene on @entity1 VX2 @entity2 model through detecting metabolic product of imaging reporter gene @entity5 (pCr).

title: [Experimental study on monitoring gene expression by noninvasive method in @entity1 VX2 XXXX model].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Purpose. This study examined the association between the severity of @entity1 and the prevalence of motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) in subjects with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Methods. This is a cross-sectional study. Japanese @entity0 who have had driver's licence between 40 and 85 years of age were screened for eligibility. @entity0 answered a questionnaire about MVCs experienced during the previous 5 years. Subjects with @entity3 were classified as having mild, moderate, or severe @entity1 . We evaluated associations between the severity of @entity3 and the prevalence of MVCs by logistic regression models. Results. The prevalence of MVCs was significantly associated with the severity of @entity3 categorized by worse eye @entity2 (control: 30/187 = 16.0%; mild @entity3 : 17/92 = 18.5%; moderate @entity3 : 14/60 = 23.3%; severe @entity3 : 14/47 = 29.8%; P = 0.025, Cochran-Armitage trend test). Compared to the control group, the adjusted OR for MVC prevalence in subjects with mild, moderate, or severe @entity3 in the worse eye was 1.07 (95% CI: 0.55 to 2.10), 1.44 (95% CI: 0.68 to 3.08), and 2.28 (95% CI: 1.07 to 4.88). Conclusions. There is a significant association between the severity of @entity4 and the prevalence of MVCs.

title: Glaucomatous XXXX severity and the prevalence of motor vehicle collisions in Japanese: a hospital/clinic-based cross-sectional study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background. We examined (1) @entity0 characteristics and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) exposure in late-onset (LOMS, >= 50 years at symptom onset) versus adult-onset (AOMS, 18-<50 years) @entity1 and (2) the association between interferon-beta ( @entity4 ) and disability progression in older relapsing-onset @entity1 adults (>= 50 years). Methods. This retrospective study (1980-2004, British Columbia, Canada) included 358 LOMS and 5627 AOMS @entity0 . @entity4 -treated relapsing-onset @entity1 @entity0 aged >= 50 (regardless of onset age, 90) were compared with 171 contemporary and 106 historical controls. Times to EDSS 6 from onset and from @entity4 eligibility were examined using survival analyses. Results. LOMS @entity0 (6%) were more likely to be male, with motor onset and a primary-progressive course, and exhibit faster progression and were less likely to take @entity5 . Nonetheless, 57% were relapsing-onset, of which 31% were prescribed @entity5 , most commonly @entity4 . Among older relapsing-onset @entity1 adults, no significant association between @entity4 exposure and disability progression was found when either the contemporary (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.18-1.22) or historical controls (HR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.20-1.42) were considered. Conclusion. LOMS differed clinically from AOMS. One-third of older relapsing-onset @entity1 @entity0 were prescribed a @entity2 . @entity4 exposure was not significantly associated with @entity3 in older @entity1 @entity0 .

title: XXXX in older adults: the clinical profile and impact of interferon Beta treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To reduce the risk of complications related to @entity6 ( @entity6 ) using knives, we developed a new grasping-type scissors forceps (GSF) that can grasp and incise the target tissue using electrosurgical current. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity6 using GSF for the @entity3 and @entity4 . METHODS: @entity6 using GSF was carried out on 35 consecutive @entity0 with early @entity3 or @entity4 who had preoperative EUS diagnoses of @entity1 without lymph node involvement. Therapeutic efficacy and safety were assessed. RESULTS: All lesions were treated easily and safely without unexpected incision. The mean size of @entity1 and resected specimens was 15.6mm and 32.7mm, respectively. Curative en-bloc resection rates according to @entity1 size and location were 96% (26/27) in @entity1  <=20mm, 100% (8/8) in @entity1 >20mm, 100% (18/18) of @entity1 in the lower portion, 100% (8/8) of @entity1 in the middle portion, 89% (8/9) of @entity1 in the upper portion, and 97% (34/35) overall. The mean operating time according to @entity1 size and location was 93.4min in @entity1  <=20mm, 140min in @entity1 >20mm, 77.6min for @entity1 in the lower portion, 113.4min for @entity1 in the middle portion, 148.6min for @entity1 in the upper portion, and 104.1min overall. No @entity5 occurred, and @entity2 was seen in 3% (1/35). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 using GSF allows simple and safe en-bloc resection of early @entity3 or @entity4 irrespective of @entity1 size and location.

title: Endoscopic submucosal dissection using a grasping-type scissors forceps for early @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: To reduce the risk of complications related to @entity6 ( @entity6 ) using knives, we developed a new grasping-type scissors forceps (GSF) that can grasp and incise the target tissue using electrosurgical current. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity6 using GSF for the @entity3 and @entity4 . METHODS: @entity6 using GSF was carried out on 35 consecutive @entity0 with early @entity3 or @entity4 who had preoperative EUS diagnoses of @entity1 without lymph node involvement. Therapeutic efficacy and safety were assessed. RESULTS: All lesions were treated easily and safely without unexpected incision. The mean size of @entity1 and resected specimens was 15.6mm and 32.7mm, respectively. Curative en-bloc resection rates according to @entity1 size and location were 96% (26/27) in @entity1  <=20mm, 100% (8/8) in @entity1 >20mm, 100% (18/18) of @entity1 in the lower portion, 100% (8/8) of @entity1 in the middle portion, 89% (8/9) of @entity1 in the upper portion, and 97% (34/35) overall. The mean operating time according to @entity1 size and location was 93.4min in @entity1  <=20mm, 140min in @entity1 >20mm, 77.6min for @entity1 in the lower portion, 113.4min for @entity1 in the middle portion, 148.6min for @entity1 in the upper portion, and 104.1min overall. No @entity5 occurred, and @entity2 was seen in 3% (1/35). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 using GSF allows simple and safe en-bloc resection of early @entity3 or @entity4 irrespective of @entity1 size and location.

title: Endoscopic submucosal dissection using a grasping-type scissors forceps for early XXXX and @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To date, no tool exists to predict pT0 at radical prostatectomy (RP) in @entity0 with @entity3 (PCa) after surgery for @entity4 (SxBPH). We aimed to fill this gap by developing a user-friendly flowchart to assist urologists when incidental PCa is diagnosed and a clinical decision is required. METHODS: We analyzed 158 T1a-T1b @entity3 @entity0 who underwent RP between 1996 and 2009. A risk stratification tool was developed applying the tree modeling technique of classification and regression tree analysis (CART) and relying on all the available pre-RP characteristics (age, @entity5 [PSA] before SxBPH, PSA after SxBPH, cT1a-T1b stage, prostate volume and Gleason sum at SxBPH). Then, the accuracy of the proposed model using 200 bootstrap resamples for internal validation was calculated. RESULTS: A total of 95 @entity0 (60.1%) were stage T1a, and 63 (39.9%) were stage T1b. The median values of PSA before and after SxBPH were 4.2 and 1.1 ng/mL, respectively. A total of 22 @entity0 (13.9%) showed no @entity1 (pT0) at RP. The CART analyses identified three groups at risk of having @entity2 at RP: (i) PSA after SxBPH > 1.0 ng/mL (pT0 prevalence: 3.8%); (ii) PSA after SxBPH < 1.0 ng/mL and PSA before SxBPH > 2.0 ng/mL (pT0 prevalence: 14.8%); and (iii) PSA after SxBPH < 1.0 ng/mL and PSA before SxBPH < 2.0 ng/mL (pT0 prevalence: 42.3%). The accuracy of the proposed model was 77.1%. Clinical stage (T1a vs T1b) was not associated with pT0 (P = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical stage (T1a vs T1b) assessment does not help in predicting pT0 cases. An accurate and clinically useful flowchart to predict pT0 at RP after @entity3 diagnosis is provided herein.

title: When should we expect no @entity1 (pT0) once we submit incidental T1a-b XXXX to radical prostatectomy?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To date, no tool exists to predict pT0 at radical prostatectomy (RP) in @entity0 with @entity3 (PCa) after surgery for @entity4 (SxBPH). We aimed to fill this gap by developing a user-friendly flowchart to assist urologists when incidental PCa is diagnosed and a clinical decision is required. METHODS: We analyzed 158 T1a-T1b @entity3 @entity0 who underwent RP between 1996 and 2009. A risk stratification tool was developed applying the tree modeling technique of classification and regression tree analysis (CART) and relying on all the available pre-RP characteristics (age, @entity5 [PSA] before SxBPH, PSA after SxBPH, cT1a-T1b stage, prostate volume and Gleason sum at SxBPH). Then, the accuracy of the proposed model using 200 bootstrap resamples for internal validation was calculated. RESULTS: A total of 95 @entity0 (60.1%) were stage T1a, and 63 (39.9%) were stage T1b. The median values of PSA before and after SxBPH were 4.2 and 1.1 ng/mL, respectively. A total of 22 @entity0 (13.9%) showed no @entity1 (pT0) at RP. The CART analyses identified three groups at risk of having @entity2 at RP: (i) PSA after SxBPH > 1.0 ng/mL (pT0 prevalence: 3.8%); (ii) PSA after SxBPH < 1.0 ng/mL and PSA before SxBPH > 2.0 ng/mL (pT0 prevalence: 14.8%); and (iii) PSA after SxBPH < 1.0 ng/mL and PSA before SxBPH < 2.0 ng/mL (pT0 prevalence: 42.3%). The accuracy of the proposed model was 77.1%. Clinical stage (T1a vs T1b) was not associated with pT0 (P = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical stage (T1a vs T1b) assessment does not help in predicting pT0 cases. An accurate and clinically useful flowchart to predict pT0 at RP after @entity3 diagnosis is provided herein.

title: When should we expect no XXXX (pT0) once we submit incidental T1a-b @entity3 to radical prostatectomy?

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 remains one of the main reasons for medical consultation worldwide: moderate- to severe-intensity @entity2 occurs in 19% of adult Europeans, seriously affecting the quality of their social and working lives. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are not recommended for long-term use and a careful surveillance to monitor for @entity1 and efficacy is critical. This study aims to assess: 1) the pattern of use of NSAIDs and opioids in a population covered by a cloud-based pharmacovigilance surveillance system; and 2) potential inappropriate use. A retrospective 18-months systematic analysis on @entity0 ' @entity2 treatment was performed. The primary endpoint was evaluating the prevalence of NSAIDs and opioids use and the duration of therapy regimen. The secondary endpoint was to investigate the prevalence of NSAIDs taken for >21 consecutive days concomitant with drugs for peptic ulcer and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or antiplatelet drugs. The yearly cost for individual users of concomitant NSAIDs for more than 21 consecutive days and of @entity3 medications has been estimated. A total of 3,050 subjects with @entity5 were enrolled; 97% of them took NSAIDs for >21 consecutive days; about one-fourth of these users also received drugs for peptic ulcer and @entity3 (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical code A02B). The yearly cost foran individual who uses NSAIDs for >21 consecutive days as well as concomitant @entity3 medications is 61.23 @entity6 . In total, 238 subjects (8%) using NSAIDs for >21 days also received one antiplatelet agent. About 11% of subjects received opioids at least once and only 2% of them carried on the therapy for more than 90 consecutive days. In evaluating the escalation in dosage as a proxy of @entity4 risk, this study shows no dosage escalation in our cohort of @entity5 population - that is to say we show no risk of @entity4 .

title: Impact of potential inappropriate NSAIDs use in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PROBLEM: Innate immune machinery including the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) confers the first line of defense mechanisms to counter pathogenic microorganisms that enter the body. The male reproductive tract is vulnerable to infection and the role of TLRs and the antimicrobial responses that operate to counter @entity2 in this organ system are poorly understood. METHOD OF STUDY: Caput and cauda epididymides, testes and seminal vesicles were collected at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 24 h from @entity0 injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of LPS. Plasma @entity1 was measured using ELISA. Expression pattern of defensins and @entity4 isoforms were analysed using RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical analyses was performed to determine SPAG11E protein expression following LPS treatment. RESULTS: We provide the first line of evidence that the male reproductive tract induces the expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) mRNA variants and defensins when challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with a concomitant increase in protein expression. However, there was an inverse relationship between induction of antimicrobial gene expression and plasma @entity1 . An increase in the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines was observed parallel to the induction of @entity4 variants and majority of defensin expression in the male reproductive tract. CONCLUSION: The increase in @entity4 and defensin mRNA in response to LPS administration demonstrates their importance in protecting the male reproductive tract during infection. Results of this study help to understand male reproductive tract innate immune defense mechanisms and to design novel peptide antibiotics to prevent @entity3 .

title: Antimicrobial responses in the male reproductive tract of lipopolysaccharide challenged XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is one of the most @entity1 in @entity0 and is fundamentally a @entity2 . Identifying regulators in @entity1 using novel systems biology approaches will potentially lead to new insight into this disease. It was sought to address this by inferring gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Moreover, dynamical analysis of GRNs can explain how regulators change among different conditions, such as @entity1 subtypes. METHODS: In our approach, independent gene regulatory networks from each prostate state were reconstructed using one of the current state-of-art reverse engineering approaches. Next, crucial genes involved in this @entity1 were highlighted by analyzing each network individually and also in comparison with each other. RESULTS: In this paper, a novel network-based approach was introduced to find critical transcription factors involved in @entity3 . The results led to detection of 38 essential transcription factors based on hub type variation. Additionally, experimental evidence was found for 29 of them as well as 9 new transcription factors. CONCLUSION: The results showed that dynamical analysis of biological networks may provide useful information to gain better understanding of the cell.

title: Comparative Analysis of XXXX Gene Regulatory Networks via Hub Type Variation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: Acceptance of a short distal bowel margin results in a higher rate of anterior resection but may compromise oncological safety. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of a 5-mm distal margin. METHOD: A retrospective analysis was carried out of 412 consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 treated with anterior resection with a negative circumferential resection margin. Radiotherapy was given to 63% of @entity0 with an advanced @entity1 . The median follow up was 75 months. RESULTS: Fewer @entity0 in the group with a distal margin of  <= 5 mm had a @entity1 with an advanced pT stage compared to @entity0 in the group with a distal margin of > 5 mm (P = 0.033). Two @entity0 were converted to abdominoperineal resection because of a positive 'doughnut', leaving 410 @entity0 , in whom 5.4% (95% CI, 0-11.3%) of the group with a distal margin of  <= 5 mm had local recurrence at 5 years compared with 4.2% (95% CI, 2.1-6.3%) of the group with a distal margin of > 5 mm (P = 0.726). The corresponding figures for the 5-year overall survival were 82.4% (95% CI, 72.6-92.2%) vs 76.3% (95% CI, 71.8-80.8%) (P = 0.581). All four anastomotic recurrences occurred in the group with a distal margin of > 5 mm. CONCLUSION: A distal margin of  <= 5 mm did not compromise oncological safety in @entity0 undergoing preoperative radiation for an advanced @entity1 .

title: Acceptance of a 5-mm distal bowel resection margin for XXXX : is it safe?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has led to designing scaffolds and their modification to provide a better microenvironment which mimics the natural niche of the cells. Gelatin surface modification was applied to improve scaffold flexibility and cytocompatibility. METHODS: @entity2 / @entity1 aligned fibrous scaffold was fabricated using electrospinning method. ADSCs were seeded after O2 plasma treatment and gelatin coating of the scaffolds. The morphological and mechanical properties of blends were assessed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), tensile test and ATR-FTIR. The cells proliferation was evaluated by @entity0 assay. RESULTS: Based on the results, it is supposed that gelatin coating is a brilliant method of surface modification which significantly increases the mechanical properties of scaffold without any changes on the construction or on the direction of nanofibers which conducts cell's elongation. @entity0 analysis exhibited that ADSCs attachment, viability and proliferation significantly (p < 0.05) increased after gelatin treatment. CONCLUSION: Gelatin surface modification is a highly beneficial method to improve cytocompatibility, flexibility and mechanical features of the scaffolds which doesn't affect the nanofibers construction. Proliferation of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) as a remarkable source of stem cells was investigated for the first time on @entity2 / @entity1 hybrid scaffold.

title: ADSCs on @entity2 / XXXX Hybrid Nanoscaffold and Gelatin Modification: Cytocompatibility and Mechanical Properties.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has led to designing scaffolds and their modification to provide a better microenvironment which mimics the natural niche of the cells. Gelatin surface modification was applied to improve scaffold flexibility and cytocompatibility. METHODS: @entity2 / @entity1 aligned fibrous scaffold was fabricated using electrospinning method. ADSCs were seeded after O2 plasma treatment and gelatin coating of the scaffolds. The morphological and mechanical properties of blends were assessed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), tensile test and ATR-FTIR. The cells proliferation was evaluated by @entity0 assay. RESULTS: Based on the results, it is supposed that gelatin coating is a brilliant method of surface modification which significantly increases the mechanical properties of scaffold without any changes on the construction or on the direction of nanofibers which conducts cell's elongation. @entity0 analysis exhibited that ADSCs attachment, viability and proliferation significantly (p < 0.05) increased after gelatin treatment. CONCLUSION: Gelatin surface modification is a highly beneficial method to improve cytocompatibility, flexibility and mechanical features of the scaffolds which doesn't affect the nanofibers construction. Proliferation of Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) as a remarkable source of stem cells was investigated for the first time on @entity2 / @entity1 hybrid scaffold.

title: ADSCs on XXXX / @entity1 Hybrid Nanoscaffold and Gelatin Modification: Cytocompatibility and Mechanical Properties.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Management of medically inoperable @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has been historically challenging, with poor rates of local control and disease-specific survival. Nearly all published series of standard fractionation radiotherapy have utilised doses <70 Gy. The present investigation describes disease control and survival outcomes for a large series of @entity0 prescribed high-dose radiotherapy for early-stage @entity2 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of disease control and survival outcomes for stages I-II @entity2 @entity0 prescribed >= 70 Gy at 1.8-2.5 Gy per fraction. RESULTS: Between May 1997 and August 2008, 100 primary @entity1 in 98 @entity0 (two metachronous) were eligible for analysis. The median age was 71 years (range 49-93), and 92 @entity0 were considered medically inoperable. Nearly all cases were clinical stage cT1N0 (51 @entity0 ) or cT2N0 (35). The median radiotherapy dose prescribed was 80.5 Gy (range 70-90). At a median follow-up of 18 months, 72 @entity0 died (44 of/with disease) and 50 experienced recurrence. The estimated 3-year in-field control, progression-free survival, disease-specific, and overall survival rates were 50, 29, 30 and 24%, respectively. Univariate analyses demonstrated an inverse association between local control and @entity1 size. Medical inoperability was associated with decreased disease-specific and overall survivals. @entity0 age and biologically equivalent dose were also associated with overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Disease control and survival of fractionated radiotherapy for early-stage @entity2 remain suboptimal. Medical inoperability is associated with worse overall survival; however, local control remains a predominant pattern of failure despite 80 Gy in standard fractionation, particularly in @entity0 with larger @entity1 size.

title: High-dose fractionated radiotherapy to 80 Gy for stage I-II medically inoperable XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, genes explains most of variation. As the novel candidate genes @entity6 and @entity3 may have been associated with spinal @entity0 in adult. This study was to investigate the relationship among these two genes^ @entity0 and the life style factors in young female. METHODS: The @entity7 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the @entity6 gene and the @entity5 SNP of the @entity3 gene were genotyped using SNaPshot   in 359 students from Xinjiang. The prospective study included 203 Han and 156 Uyghur subjects. @entity0 was measured using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). @entity1 , @entity4 and alkaline phosphatase were measured by ELISA method. Physical activity, dietary @entity1 and life styles were assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS: Both SNPs showed differences in genotype and allele frequencies (P < 0.05) between the Han and Uyghur subjects. Total @entity1 intake, energy intake, tea and milk intake were also significantly different between two groups (P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed an association between @entity0 and @entity2 intake (P = 0.000), milk (P = 0.000), exercise (P = 0.029), @entity7 (P = 0.028), energy intake (P = 0.043). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the polymorphisms of the @entity7 and @entity5 are associated with @entity0 both in Han and Uyghur subjects. @entity0 , in Xinjiang, appears to be associated with several known factors that are well described in the literature. While the genotypes of @entity7 and @entity5 do not appear have a strong effect on the @entity0 .

title: Relationship between XXXX , @entity3 gene polymorphisms and Peak Bone Mineral Density in College Students in China.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, genes explains most of variation. As the novel candidate genes @entity6 and @entity3 may have been associated with spinal @entity0 in adult. This study was to investigate the relationship among these two genes^ @entity0 and the life style factors in young female. METHODS: The @entity7 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the @entity6 gene and the @entity5 SNP of the @entity3 gene were genotyped using SNaPshot   in 359 students from Xinjiang. The prospective study included 203 Han and 156 Uyghur subjects. @entity0 was measured using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). @entity1 , @entity4 and alkaline phosphatase were measured by ELISA method. Physical activity, dietary @entity1 and life styles were assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS: Both SNPs showed differences in genotype and allele frequencies (P < 0.05) between the Han and Uyghur subjects. Total @entity1 intake, energy intake, tea and milk intake were also significantly different between two groups (P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed an association between @entity0 and @entity2 intake (P = 0.000), milk (P = 0.000), exercise (P = 0.029), @entity7 (P = 0.028), energy intake (P = 0.043). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the polymorphisms of the @entity7 and @entity5 are associated with @entity0 both in Han and Uyghur subjects. @entity0 , in Xinjiang, appears to be associated with several known factors that are well described in the literature. While the genotypes of @entity7 and @entity5 do not appear have a strong effect on the @entity0 .

title: Relationship between @entity6 , XXXX gene polymorphisms and Peak Bone Mineral Density in College Students in China.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Sphere forming assays have been useful to enrich for stem like cells in a range of @entity1 . The robustness of this system contrasts the difficulties in defining a stem cell population based on cell surface markers. We have undertaken a study to describe the cellular and organizational composition of tumorspheres, directly comparing these to neurospheres derived from the adult @entity0 subventricular zone (SVZ). Primary cell cultures from @entity3 were found to contain variable fractions of cells positive for @entity1 stem cell markers ( @entity4 (2-93%)/ @entity5 (3-15%)/ @entity2 (1-72%)). All cultures produced @entity1 upon xenografting. Tumorspheres contained a heterogeneous population of cells, but were structurally organized with stem cell markers present at the core of spheres, with markers of more mature glial progenitors and astrocytes at more peripheral location. Ultrastructural studies showed that tumorspheres contained a higher fraction of electron dense cells in the core than the periphery (36% and 19%, respectively). Neurospheres also contained a heterogeneous cell population, but did not have an organization similar to tumorspheres. Although tumorspheres clearly display irregular and neoplastic cells, they establish an organized structure with an outward gradient of differentiation. We suggest that this organization is central in maintaining the @entity1 stem cell pool.

title: A comparative study of the structural organization of spheres derived from the adult XXXX subventricular zone and glioblastoma biopsies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has been demonstrated to stimulate the growth of lymphatic vascular endothelium. The purpose of this study is to determine whether @entity3 associated with computed tomography (CT) has a relationship with @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: One hundred twenty seven cases of @entity1 were studied: first, both plain and enhanced CT scans of abdomen and pelvis were performed preoperatively; second, @entity3 protein expressions in @entity0 cells were tested by immunohistochemistry postoperatively; and finally, detailed pathological findings for @entity2 were recorded. RESULTS: @entity3 expressions in @entity0 bladder cells were significantly higher than those in normal bladder epithelium. In the group of @entity1 -positive, @entity3 was significantly correlated with @entity2 (p <0.01). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of @entity3 in the diagnosis of @entity2 of @entity1 were 87.0, 67.9, and 74.8%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CT were 47.8, 80.2, and 68.5%, respectively. When @entity3 visually correlated with CT scan in the detection of @entity2 , sensitivity was 91.3%; specificity was 84.0% and accuracy was 86.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Positive @entity3 was significantly correlated with @entity2 of @entity1 . @entity3 expression in biopsy specimens may be beneficial in predicting pelvic lymph nodes. It can improve accuracy when combined with CT.

title: Vascular endothelial growth factor-C associated with computed tomography used in the diagnosis of @entity2 of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has been demonstrated to stimulate the growth of lymphatic vascular endothelium. The purpose of this study is to determine whether @entity3 associated with computed tomography (CT) has a relationship with @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: One hundred twenty seven cases of @entity1 were studied: first, both plain and enhanced CT scans of abdomen and pelvis were performed preoperatively; second, @entity3 protein expressions in @entity0 cells were tested by immunohistochemistry postoperatively; and finally, detailed pathological findings for @entity2 were recorded. RESULTS: @entity3 expressions in @entity0 bladder cells were significantly higher than those in normal bladder epithelium. In the group of @entity1 -positive, @entity3 was significantly correlated with @entity2 (p <0.01). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of @entity3 in the diagnosis of @entity2 of @entity1 were 87.0, 67.9, and 74.8%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CT were 47.8, 80.2, and 68.5%, respectively. When @entity3 visually correlated with CT scan in the detection of @entity2 , sensitivity was 91.3%; specificity was 84.0% and accuracy was 86.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Positive @entity3 was significantly correlated with @entity2 of @entity1 . @entity3 expression in biopsy specimens may be beneficial in predicting pelvic lymph nodes. It can improve accuracy when combined with CT.

title: Vascular endothelial growth factor-C associated with computed tomography used in the diagnosis of XXXX of @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present the perinatal findings and molecular genetic analysis of two siblings with @entity7 . MATERIALS, METHODS AND RESULTS: A 33-year-old @entity0 , gravida 3, para 1, was referred for genetic counseling at 18 gestational weeks because of recurrent @entity3 . Two years previously, she had delivered a 1,316-g dead male baby at 28 gestational weeks with a karyotype of 46,XY, postaxial polydactyly of the hands, @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity4 , shortening of the long bones, @entity1 , and hypoplastic nails. During this pregnancy, prenatal ultrasound at 18 gestational weeks revealed shortening of the long bones (equivalent to 15 weeks), postaxial polydactyly of both hands, @entity2 , and @entity5 . The pregnancy was subsequently terminated, and a 236-g female fetus was delivered with a karyotype of 46,XX, postaxial polydactyly of the hands, @entity2 , @entity5 , shortening of the long bones, and @entity6 . The phenotype of each of the two siblings was consistent with @entity7 . Molecular analysis of the EVC and @entity8 genes revealed heterozygous mutations in the @entity8 gene. A heterozygous deletion mutation of a 26-bp deletion of @entity10 encompassing the junction between intron 7 and exon 8 of the @entity8 gene was found in the mother and two siblings, and a heterozygous nonsense mutation of @entity11 , @entity9 in exon 10 of the @entity8 gene was found in the father and two siblings. CONCLUSION: Prenatal sonographic identification of @entity5 in association with shortening of the long bones should alert clinicians to the possibility of @entity7 and prompt a careful search of hexadactyly of the hands. Molecular analysis of the EVC and @entity8 genes is helpful in genetic counseling in cases with prenatally detected postaxial polydactyly, @entity2 , short limbs and @entity5 .

title: XXXX : prenatal diagnosis, molecular analysis and genetic counseling.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: To improve the delivery of radiotherapy in @entity1 and to minimize the irradiation of unaffected tissues by using daily kilovoltage cone beam computed tomography (kV-CBCT) to reduce setup errors. METHODS: Thirteen @entity0 with gynecologic @entity1 were treated with postoperative volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT). All @entity0 had a planning CT scan and daily CBCT during treatment. Automatic bone anatomy matching was used to determine initial inter-fraction positioning error. Positional correction on a six-degrees-of-freedom (6DoF) couch was followed by a second scan to calculate the residual inter-fraction error, and a post-treatment scan assessed intra-fraction motion. The margins of the planning target volume ( @entity2 ) were calculated from these setup variations and the effect of margin size on normal tissue sparing was evaluated. RESULTS: In total, 573 CBCT scans were acquired. Mean absolute pre-/post-correction errors were obtained in all six planes. With 6DoF couch correction, the @entity2 accounting for intra-fraction errors was reduced by 3.8-5.6  mm. This permitted a reduction in the maximum dose to the small intestine, bladder and femoral head (P   =   0.001, 0.035 and 0.032, respectively), the average dose to the rectum, small intestine, bladder and pelvic marrow (P   =   0.003, 0.000, 0.001 and 0.000, respectively) and markedly reduced irradiated normal tissue volumes. CONCLUSIONS: A 6DoF couch in combination with daily kV-CBCT can considerably improve positioning accuracy during VMAT treatment in @entity1 , reducing the @entity2 . The reduced margin size permits improved normal tissue sparing and a smaller total irradiated volume.

title: Positioning accuracy during VMAT of XXXX and the resulting dosimetric impact by a 6-degree-of-freedom couch in combination with daily kilovoltage cone beam computed tomography.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 has proven extremely challenging to treat. A collaborative effort is needed to advance research and improve treatment. An expert conference was conducted to elicit perspectives regarding the current treatment and future research of @entity1 . METHODS: The conference comprised an international panel of experts representing five European countries and the United States. RESULTS: Adjuvant radiotherapy is used more frequently in the United States than in Europe. In locally advanced disease, there is now more emphasis on early chemotherapy in both Europe and the United States. In metastatic disease, combination chemotherapy is commonly used in Europe and the United States. This varies by country. Advancing pancreatic research will require improving biorepositories and developing a roadmap to prioritize therapeutic targets in different models. Small randomized phase II trials of both non-selected and enriched @entity0 populations will help identify activity of new agents. Phase III trials should only be initiated in appropriate @entity0 based on strong clinical and biological signals. Developing drugs in the adjuvant setting may be preferable to eliminate some of the challenges of drug development in the advanced disease setting. CONCLUSION: Progress in research combined with encouraging improvements from the past offer hope for the future of @entity1 @entity0 .

title: XXXX treatment and research: an international expert panel discussion.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is a rare @entity3 , mainly inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. It is characterized by a @entity1 on one of the four genes encoding the subunits of the transmembrane protein complex GPIb-V-IX, physiologically expressed only in platelets. The exact phenotype varies widely from individual to individual depending on the particular mutation presented. Currently, there is no consensus about ideal management of affected pregnant @entity0 , in face of the scarcity of cases. CASE PRESENTATION: We report on a 28-year-old Black Brazilian primigravida who was referred to our maternity hospital, a tertiary care center, for decision about the most adequate mode of delivery. She was admitted with a platelet count of 43.000 plt/ L, and hemoglobin of 13.6  g/dL. Platelet transfusion was regarded as a necessary prophylactic measure prior to delivery. Ten units of random donor platelets were administered on the course of three days, after which the @entity0 was submitted to an elective cesarean section delivery under general anesthesia at 40  weeks of gestational age. A healthy male baby with a normal birthweight of 3.615  kg was delivered. After the delivery, the mother's state continued being assessed daily, with special attention taken to lochia and surgical wound healing. At one week postpartum, a complete blood count revealed a platelet count of 41.000 plt/ L, and hemoglobin of 13.3  g/dL. As there were no signs of neither evident nor @entity2 , and surgical wound was healing accordingly, the @entity0 was discharged, after being oriented about @entity2 preventive measures. CONCLUSION: The peripartum period is regarded as the most crucial moment of pregnancy in @entity0 with @entity4 , hence the importance of a judiciously planned mode of delivery, and of careful prophylaxis against @entity2 beforehand. Furthermore, absence of complications during the peripartum period does not predict how the @entity0 will do subsequently. Strict vigilance is warranted at least until six weeks postpartum, due to the virtual risk of secondary postpartum @entity2 .

title: Primigravida with XXXX : a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The traditional classification of @entity2 , which relies solely on spirometry, fails to account for the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease. Phenotyping is a method that attempts to derive a single or combination of disease attributes that are associated with clinically meaningful outcomes. Deriving phenotypes entails the use of cluster analyses, and helps individualize @entity0 management by identifying groups of individuals with similar characteristics. We aimed to systematically review the literature for studies that had derived such phenotypes using unsupervised methods. METHODS: Two independent reviewers systematically searched multiple databases for studies that performed validated statistical analyses, free of definitive pre-determined hypotheses, to derive phenotypes among @entity0 with @entity2 . Data were extracted independently. RESULTS: 9156 citations were retrieved, of which, 8 studies were included. The number of subjects ranged from 213 to 1543. Most studies appeared to be biased: @entity0 were more likely males, with severe disease, and recruited in tertiary care settings. Statistical methods used to derive phenotypes varied by study. The number of phenotypes identified ranged from 2 to 5. Two phenotypes, with poor longitudinal health outcomes, were common across multiple studies: young @entity0 with severe @entity3 , few cardiovascular co-morbidities, poor nutritional status and poor health status, and a phenotype of older @entity0 with moderate @entity3 , @entity1 , cardiovascular and metabolic co-morbidities. CONCLUSIONS: The recognition that two phenotypes of @entity2 were often reported may have clinical implications for altering the course of the disease. This review also provided important information on limitations of phenotype studies in @entity2 and the need for improvement in future studies.

title: Derivation and validation of clinical phenotypes for XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Common genetic variants residing near upstream regulatory elements for @entity3 , the gene encoding transcription factor @entity3 , promote the persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) into adulthood. While they have no consequences in healthy individuals, high HbF levels have major clinical benefits in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or b @entity1 . Here, we present our detailed investigation of HBS1L- @entity3 intergenic polymorphism block 2 ( @entity4 -2), the central component of the complex quantitative-trait locus upstream of @entity3 , in 1,022 individuals with @entity2 in Tanzania. METHODS: We have looked at 1022 individuals with HbSS or HbS/b(0) in Tanzania. In order to achieve a detailed analysis of @entity4 -2, we performed targeted genotyping for a total of 10 SNPs and extracted additional 528 SNPs information from a genome wide scan involving the same population. Using MACH, we utilized the existing YRI data from 1000 genomes to impute 54 SNPs situated within HIMP-2. RESULTS: Seven HbF-increasing, low-frequency variants (b   >   0.3, p   <   10(-5), f    <=   0.05) were located in two partially-independent sub-loci, @entity4 -2A and @entity4 -2B. The spectrum of haplotypes carrying such alleles was diverse when compared to European and West African reference populations: we detected one such haplotype at sub-locus @entity4 -2A, two at @entity4 -2B, and a fourth including high-HbF alleles at both sub-loci ('Eurasian' haplotype clade). In the region of @entity4 -2A a putative functional variant (a 3-bp indel) has been described previously, but no such candidate causative variant exists at @entity4 -2B. Extending our dataset through imputation with 1000 Genomes, whole-genome-sequence data, we have mapped peak association at @entity4 -2B to an 11-kb region around @entity5 and @entity6 , flanked by two conserved regulatory elements for @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Studies in populations from the African continent provide distinct opportunities for mapping disease-modifying genetic loci, especially for conditions that are highly prevalent there, such as @entity2 . Population-genetic characteristics of our cohort, such as ethnic diversity and the predominance of shorter, African-type haplotypes, can add to the power of such studies.

title: Genetic association of fetal-hemoglobin levels in individuals with XXXX in Tanzania maps to conserved regulatory elements within the @entity3 core enhancer.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Common genetic variants residing near upstream regulatory elements for @entity3 , the gene encoding transcription factor @entity3 , promote the persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) into adulthood. While they have no consequences in healthy individuals, high HbF levels have major clinical benefits in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or b @entity1 . Here, we present our detailed investigation of HBS1L- @entity3 intergenic polymorphism block 2 ( @entity4 -2), the central component of the complex quantitative-trait locus upstream of @entity3 , in 1,022 individuals with @entity2 in Tanzania. METHODS: We have looked at 1022 individuals with HbSS or HbS/b(0) in Tanzania. In order to achieve a detailed analysis of @entity4 -2, we performed targeted genotyping for a total of 10 SNPs and extracted additional 528 SNPs information from a genome wide scan involving the same population. Using MACH, we utilized the existing YRI data from 1000 genomes to impute 54 SNPs situated within HIMP-2. RESULTS: Seven HbF-increasing, low-frequency variants (b   >   0.3, p   <   10(-5), f    <=   0.05) were located in two partially-independent sub-loci, @entity4 -2A and @entity4 -2B. The spectrum of haplotypes carrying such alleles was diverse when compared to European and West African reference populations: we detected one such haplotype at sub-locus @entity4 -2A, two at @entity4 -2B, and a fourth including high-HbF alleles at both sub-loci ('Eurasian' haplotype clade). In the region of @entity4 -2A a putative functional variant (a 3-bp indel) has been described previously, but no such candidate causative variant exists at @entity4 -2B. Extending our dataset through imputation with 1000 Genomes, whole-genome-sequence data, we have mapped peak association at @entity4 -2B to an 11-kb region around @entity5 and @entity6 , flanked by two conserved regulatory elements for @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Studies in populations from the African continent provide distinct opportunities for mapping disease-modifying genetic loci, especially for conditions that are highly prevalent there, such as @entity2 . Population-genetic characteristics of our cohort, such as ethnic diversity and the predominance of shorter, African-type haplotypes, can add to the power of such studies.

title: Genetic association of fetal-hemoglobin levels in individuals with @entity2 in Tanzania maps to conserved regulatory elements within the XXXX core enhancer.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze the efficacy of intrarectal ice application as an anesthetic method prior to transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 consecutive @entity0 were included into the study prospectively. @entity0 were equally randomized as group 1 and 2 with 60 @entity0 each. Ice was applied as an anesthetic method 5 minutes before procedure to the @entity0 in group 1. @entity0 in group 2 were applied 10 mL of 2% @entity4 gel 10 minutes before procedure. Twelve core biopsy procedure was performed for all @entity0 . The @entity1 level was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: Median @entity1 score was 3.5 (1-8) in group 1 and 5 (1-8) in group 2. There is significantly difference between groups regarding the mean sense of @entity1 level during the procedure. (p=0.007) There was also no difference in complications between two groups about presence and duration of macroscopic @entity3 and @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Intrarectal ice application prior to TRUS prostate biopsy has an effect on reducing @entity1 . Development of new techniques about cold effect or ice can make this method more useful and decrease complication rates.

title: Intrarectal ice application prior to transrectal prostate biopsy: a prospective randomised trial accessing XXXX and collateral effects.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: A management of adverse effect of chemotherapy is essential to improve outcome of @entity0 with @entity5 . Some kind of genetic polymorphisms can predict treatment-related @entity1 , and be used individually as bases of dose modifications for @entity7 ( @entity11 ) and @entity3 ( @entity9 ) in maintenance therapy for childhood @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We investigate associations between clinical course and polymorphisms of candidate genes which have not been less evaluated in Japanese @entity0 . METHODS: Fifty-three @entity0 who received maintenance chemotherapy were enrolled to this study. The scheduled dose of oral @entity11 was 40   mg/m(2) daily and that of oral @entity9 was 25   mg/m(2) weekly. The doses were adjusted taking into account the @entity0 ' @entity4 blood cell (WBC) count (target range: 2.5 to 3.5   *   10(9) /L) and @entity8 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity6 aminotransferase (ALT) levels under 750   IU/L. Eight polymorphisms in 6 candidate genes, @entity14 , ITPA, @entity16 , @entity12 , @entity13 , and @entity10 were genotyped by Taqman PCR method. Clinical course was reviewed from the @entity0 ' medical records retrospectively. RESULTS: The average dose of @entity11 was lower in the @entity0 with at least one variant allele at @entity10 @entity15 than in the @entity0 with wild homozygous genotype. The other analyzed polymorphisms were not associated with @entity1 or doses of @entity11 and @entity9 . CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphism of @entity10 @entity15 could be a strong predictor of dose reduction of @entity11 in maintenance chemotherapy in childhood @entity2 .

title: Influence of @entity10 polymorphism on maintenance therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: A management of adverse effect of chemotherapy is essential to improve outcome of @entity0 with @entity5 . Some kind of genetic polymorphisms can predict treatment-related @entity1 , and be used individually as bases of dose modifications for @entity7 ( @entity11 ) and @entity3 ( @entity9 ) in maintenance therapy for childhood @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We investigate associations between clinical course and polymorphisms of candidate genes which have not been less evaluated in Japanese @entity0 . METHODS: Fifty-three @entity0 who received maintenance chemotherapy were enrolled to this study. The scheduled dose of oral @entity11 was 40   mg/m(2) daily and that of oral @entity9 was 25   mg/m(2) weekly. The doses were adjusted taking into account the @entity0 ' @entity4 blood cell (WBC) count (target range: 2.5 to 3.5   *   10(9) /L) and @entity8 aminotransferase (AST) and @entity6 aminotransferase (ALT) levels under 750   IU/L. Eight polymorphisms in 6 candidate genes, @entity14 , ITPA, @entity16 , @entity12 , @entity13 , and @entity10 were genotyped by Taqman PCR method. Clinical course was reviewed from the @entity0 ' medical records retrospectively. RESULTS: The average dose of @entity11 was lower in the @entity0 with at least one variant allele at @entity10 @entity15 than in the @entity0 with wild homozygous genotype. The other analyzed polymorphisms were not associated with @entity1 or doses of @entity11 and @entity9 . CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphism of @entity10 @entity15 could be a strong predictor of dose reduction of @entity11 in maintenance chemotherapy in childhood @entity2 .

title: Influence of XXXX polymorphism on maintenance therapy for @entity5 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 with or without @entity4 , @entity7 , or @entity5 ( @entity8 ) is a rare @entity1 with variable expressivity. It is characterized by mild-to-severe @entity6 , often associated with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity7 . It can be sporadic or inherited. Eighty-seven @entity0 have been described to carry a mutation in @entity8 , which encodes a homotetrameric motor kinesin, @entity8 . METHODS: We tested 23 unreported @entity8 index @entity0 for @entity8 . We also reviewed the clinical phenotypes of all our @entity0 as well as of those described in previously published studies. RESULTS: We identified 14 mutations, 12 of which are novel. We detected mutations in 12 affected individuals, from 6 out of 6 familial cases, and in 8 out of 17 sporadic @entity0 . Phenotypic evaluation of @entity0 (our 26   +   61 earlier published   =   87) revealed @entity6 in 91%, @entity3 in 72%, @entity2 in 67% and @entity7 in 47% of the @entity0 . Unaffected carriers were rare (4 out of 87: 5%). Family history is not a requisite for diagnosis; 31% (16 out of 52) were de novo cases. CONCLUSIONS: All inherited cases, and 50% of sporadic cases of @entity8 are due to germline @entity8 mutations. It is possible that mosaic @entity8 mutations cause the remainder of sporadic cases, which the methods employed here were not designed to detect. On the other hand, some of them might have another mimicking disorder and @entity1 , as @entity6 is highly heterogeneous. In aggregate, @entity8 mutations likely cause the majority, if not all, of @entity8 .

title: No evidence of locus heterogeneity in @entity6 with or without @entity4 , XXXX , or @entity5 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 with or without @entity4 , @entity7 , or @entity5 ( @entity8 ) is a rare @entity1 with variable expressivity. It is characterized by mild-to-severe @entity6 , often associated with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity7 . It can be sporadic or inherited. Eighty-seven @entity0 have been described to carry a mutation in @entity8 , which encodes a homotetrameric motor kinesin, @entity8 . METHODS: We tested 23 unreported @entity8 index @entity0 for @entity8 . We also reviewed the clinical phenotypes of all our @entity0 as well as of those described in previously published studies. RESULTS: We identified 14 mutations, 12 of which are novel. We detected mutations in 12 affected individuals, from 6 out of 6 familial cases, and in 8 out of 17 sporadic @entity0 . Phenotypic evaluation of @entity0 (our 26   +   61 earlier published   =   87) revealed @entity6 in 91%, @entity3 in 72%, @entity2 in 67% and @entity7 in 47% of the @entity0 . Unaffected carriers were rare (4 out of 87: 5%). Family history is not a requisite for diagnosis; 31% (16 out of 52) were de novo cases. CONCLUSIONS: All inherited cases, and 50% of sporadic cases of @entity8 are due to germline @entity8 mutations. It is possible that mosaic @entity8 mutations cause the remainder of sporadic cases, which the methods employed here were not designed to detect. On the other hand, some of them might have another mimicking disorder and @entity1 , as @entity6 is highly heterogeneous. In aggregate, @entity8 mutations likely cause the majority, if not all, of @entity8 .

title: No evidence of locus heterogeneity in @entity6 with or without @entity4 , @entity7 , or XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 with or without @entity4 , @entity7 , or @entity5 ( @entity8 ) is a rare @entity1 with variable expressivity. It is characterized by mild-to-severe @entity6 , often associated with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity7 . It can be sporadic or inherited. Eighty-seven @entity0 have been described to carry a mutation in @entity8 , which encodes a homotetrameric motor kinesin, @entity8 . METHODS: We tested 23 unreported @entity8 index @entity0 for @entity8 . We also reviewed the clinical phenotypes of all our @entity0 as well as of those described in previously published studies. RESULTS: We identified 14 mutations, 12 of which are novel. We detected mutations in 12 affected individuals, from 6 out of 6 familial cases, and in 8 out of 17 sporadic @entity0 . Phenotypic evaluation of @entity0 (our 26   +   61 earlier published   =   87) revealed @entity6 in 91%, @entity3 in 72%, @entity2 in 67% and @entity7 in 47% of the @entity0 . Unaffected carriers were rare (4 out of 87: 5%). Family history is not a requisite for diagnosis; 31% (16 out of 52) were de novo cases. CONCLUSIONS: All inherited cases, and 50% of sporadic cases of @entity8 are due to germline @entity8 mutations. It is possible that mosaic @entity8 mutations cause the remainder of sporadic cases, which the methods employed here were not designed to detect. On the other hand, some of them might have another mimicking disorder and @entity1 , as @entity6 is highly heterogeneous. In aggregate, @entity8 mutations likely cause the majority, if not all, of @entity8 .

title: No evidence of locus heterogeneity in XXXX with or without @entity4 , @entity7 , or @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 with or without @entity4 , @entity7 , or @entity5 ( @entity8 ) is a rare @entity1 with variable expressivity. It is characterized by mild-to-severe @entity6 , often associated with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity7 . It can be sporadic or inherited. Eighty-seven @entity0 have been described to carry a mutation in @entity8 , which encodes a homotetrameric motor kinesin, @entity8 . METHODS: We tested 23 unreported @entity8 index @entity0 for @entity8 . We also reviewed the clinical phenotypes of all our @entity0 as well as of those described in previously published studies. RESULTS: We identified 14 mutations, 12 of which are novel. We detected mutations in 12 affected individuals, from 6 out of 6 familial cases, and in 8 out of 17 sporadic @entity0 . Phenotypic evaluation of @entity0 (our 26   +   61 earlier published   =   87) revealed @entity6 in 91%, @entity3 in 72%, @entity2 in 67% and @entity7 in 47% of the @entity0 . Unaffected carriers were rare (4 out of 87: 5%). Family history is not a requisite for diagnosis; 31% (16 out of 52) were de novo cases. CONCLUSIONS: All inherited cases, and 50% of sporadic cases of @entity8 are due to germline @entity8 mutations. It is possible that mosaic @entity8 mutations cause the remainder of sporadic cases, which the methods employed here were not designed to detect. On the other hand, some of them might have another mimicking disorder and @entity1 , as @entity6 is highly heterogeneous. In aggregate, @entity8 mutations likely cause the majority, if not all, of @entity8 .

title: No evidence of locus heterogeneity in @entity6 with or without XXXX , @entity7 , or @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Effective visual memory encoding, a function important for everyday functioning, relies on episodic and semantic memory processes. In @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity5 are common as the structures typically involved in @entity3 generation are also involved in acquisition, maintenance, and retrieval of episodic memories. In this study, we used group independent component analysis (GICA) combined with Granger causality analysis to investigate the neuronal networks involved in visual memory encoding during a complex fMRI scene-encoding task in @entity0 with left @entity4 (LMTLE; N=28) and in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ; N=18). Additionally, we built models of memory encoding in LMTLE and @entity6 and compared them with a model of healthy memory encoding (Nenert et al., 2014). For those with LMTLE, we identified and retained for further analyses and model generation 7 ICA task-related components that were attributed to four different networks: the frontal and posterior components of the DMN, @entity1 , and an "other" network. For those with @entity6 , @entity7 produced 9 task-related components that were attributed to the somatosensory and cerebellar networks in addition to the same networks as in @entity0 with LMTLE. Granger causality analysis revealed group differences in causality relations within the visual memory network and @entity4 -related deviations from normal network function. Our results demonstrate differences in the networks for visual memory encoding between those with LMTLE and those with @entity6 . Consistent with previous studies, the organization of memory encoding is dependent on laterality of @entity3 focus and may be mediated by functional reorganization in chronic @entity2 . These differences may underlie the observed differences in memory abilities between @entity0 with LMTLE and @entity0 with @entity6 and highlight the modulating effects of @entity2 on the network for memory encoding.

title: The effect of medial XXXX encoding.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Near-infrared fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) is a novel imaging technology in the detection and evaluation of different arthritides. FOI was validated in comparison to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), greyscale ultrasonography (GSUS), and power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) in @entity0 with early @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Hands of 31 @entity0 with early @entity1 were examined by FOI, MRI, and US. In each modality, @entity2 of the wrist, @entity4 ( @entity4 ) 2-5, and proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP) 2-5 were scored on a 4-point scale (0-3). Sensitivity and specificity of FOI were analyzed in comparison to MRI and US as reference methods, differentiating between 3 phases of FOI enhancement ( @entity5 ). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to evaluate the agreement of FOI with MRI and US. RESULTS: A total of 279 joints (31 wrists, 124 @entity4 and 124 @entity4 ) were evaluated. With MRI as the reference method, overall sensitivity/specificity of FOI was 0.81/0.00, 0.49/0.84, and 0.86/0.38 for wrist, @entity4 , and @entity4 , respectively. Under application of PDUS as reference, sensitivity was even higher, while specificity turned out to be low, except for @entity4 joints (0.88/0.15, 0.81/0.76, and 1.00/0.27, respectively). P2 appears to be the most sensitive FOI phase, while P1 showed the highest specificity. The best agreement of FOI was shown for PDUS, especially with @entity4 (ICC of 0.57 and 0.53, respectively), while correlation with MRI was slightly lower. CONCLUSION: FOI remains an interesting diagnostic tool for @entity0 with early @entity1 , although this study revealed limitations concerning the detection of @entity2 . Further research is needed to evaluate its full diagnostic potential in @entity3 .

title: Near-infrared Fluorescence Optical Imaging in Early XXXX : A Comparison to Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasonography.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity8 ( @entity0 ) often occurs during systemic inflammatory conditions, such as @entity5 . @entity7 is a proinflammatory cytokine and is an apoptotic mediator during @entity6 , but the role of @entity7 in response to @entity2 in the testes was unclear. Wild type and @entity7 knockout (KO) @entity1 were injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce @entity6 and examined 12 and 48 hours after LPS administration to model the acute and recovery phases of @entity6 . Caspase activation was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Protein and mRNA expression were examined by western blot and quantitative reverse-transcriptase, real-time PCR, respectively. During the acute phase of @entity6 , apoptosis (as indicated by @entity3 cleavage) was increased in WT @entity1 but not in @entity7 KO @entity1 . The @entity4 receptor-mediated and mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathways were both activated in the WT @entity1 but not in the KO @entity1 . During the recovery phase of @entity6 , apoptosis was observed in the @entity7 KO @entity1 but not in the WT @entity1 . Activation of the @entity4 -receptor mediated apoptotic pathway could be seen in the @entity7 KO @entity1 but not the WT @entity1 . These results suggested that endogenous @entity7 induces germ cell apoptosis via @entity4 receptor mediated- and mitochondrial-mediated pathways during the acute phase of @entity6 and suppresses germ cell apoptosis via @entity4 -receptor mediated pathways during recovery from @entity6 . Taken together, @entity7 could be a new therapeutic target to prevent @entity8 during @entity6 .

title: Endogenous XXXX Regulates Testicular Germ Cell Apoptosis during @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity8 ( @entity0 ) often occurs during systemic inflammatory conditions, such as @entity5 . @entity7 is a proinflammatory cytokine and is an apoptotic mediator during @entity6 , but the role of @entity7 in response to @entity2 in the testes was unclear. Wild type and @entity7 knockout (KO) @entity1 were injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce @entity6 and examined 12 and 48 hours after LPS administration to model the acute and recovery phases of @entity6 . Caspase activation was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Protein and mRNA expression were examined by western blot and quantitative reverse-transcriptase, real-time PCR, respectively. During the acute phase of @entity6 , apoptosis (as indicated by @entity3 cleavage) was increased in WT @entity1 but not in @entity7 KO @entity1 . The @entity4 receptor-mediated and mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathways were both activated in the WT @entity1 but not in the KO @entity1 . During the recovery phase of @entity6 , apoptosis was observed in the @entity7 KO @entity1 but not in the WT @entity1 . Activation of the @entity4 -receptor mediated apoptotic pathway could be seen in the @entity7 KO @entity1 but not the WT @entity1 . These results suggested that endogenous @entity7 induces germ cell apoptosis via @entity4 receptor mediated- and mitochondrial-mediated pathways during the acute phase of @entity6 and suppresses germ cell apoptosis via @entity4 -receptor mediated pathways during recovery from @entity6 . Taken together, @entity7 could be a new therapeutic target to prevent @entity8 during @entity6 .

title: Endogenous @entity7 Regulates Testicular Germ Cell Apoptosis during XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by typical symptoms that are dependent on @entity1 . Poly- @entity3 is a frequent phenomenon. Phenotyping @entity4 represents an up-to-date issue. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the number of @entity3 is able to define different phenotypes in @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: 83 @entity0 (43 males, mean age 34.7 years) suffering from @entity4 were evaluated. Sensitization, VAS for nasal symptoms perception, and nasal cytology were evaluated. RESULTS: Poly- @entity2 @entity0 perceived more severe nasal obstruction than mono- @entity2 ones (p  =  0.0006) as well as they had more frequent sneezing (p  <  0.0001). Moreover, poly- @entity2 @entity0 had a more intense inflammatory infiltrate, concerning both eosinophils (p  =  0.0005) and mast cells (p  =  0.0001), than mono- @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that the presence of poly- @entity3 could define a distinct @entity4 phenotype in comparison with mono- @entity3 . It could be clinically relevant as poly- @entity2 @entity0 have more intense @entity1 and more severe symptoms than mono- @entity2 ones.

title: XXXX phenotypes based on mono- @entity3 or poly- @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by typical symptoms that are dependent on @entity1 . Poly- @entity3 is a frequent phenomenon. Phenotyping @entity4 represents an up-to-date issue. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the number of @entity3 is able to define different phenotypes in @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: 83 @entity0 (43 males, mean age 34.7 years) suffering from @entity4 were evaluated. Sensitization, VAS for nasal symptoms perception, and nasal cytology were evaluated. RESULTS: Poly- @entity2 @entity0 perceived more severe nasal obstruction than mono- @entity2 ones (p  =  0.0006) as well as they had more frequent sneezing (p  <  0.0001). Moreover, poly- @entity2 @entity0 had a more intense inflammatory infiltrate, concerning both eosinophils (p  =  0.0005) and mast cells (p  =  0.0001), than mono- @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that the presence of poly- @entity3 could define a distinct @entity4 phenotype in comparison with mono- @entity3 . It could be clinically relevant as poly- @entity2 @entity0 have more intense @entity1 and more severe symptoms than mono- @entity2 ones.

title: @entity4 phenotypes based on mono- XXXX or poly- @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by typical symptoms that are dependent on @entity1 . Poly- @entity3 is a frequent phenomenon. Phenotyping @entity4 represents an up-to-date issue. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the number of @entity3 is able to define different phenotypes in @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: 83 @entity0 (43 males, mean age 34.7 years) suffering from @entity4 were evaluated. Sensitization, VAS for nasal symptoms perception, and nasal cytology were evaluated. RESULTS: Poly- @entity2 @entity0 perceived more severe nasal obstruction than mono- @entity2 ones (p  =  0.0006) as well as they had more frequent sneezing (p  <  0.0001). Moreover, poly- @entity2 @entity0 had a more intense inflammatory infiltrate, concerning both eosinophils (p  =  0.0005) and mast cells (p  =  0.0001), than mono- @entity2 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrates that the presence of poly- @entity3 could define a distinct @entity4 phenotype in comparison with mono- @entity3 . It could be clinically relevant as poly- @entity2 @entity0 have more intense @entity1 and more severe symptoms than mono- @entity2 ones.

title: @entity4 phenotypes based on mono- @entity3 or poly- XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: Rare diseases are a serious public health concern and are a priority in the EU. This study aims to develop policy recommendations for @entity1 centres of expertise (CoEs) in order to improve standards and quality of care. SUBJECT AND METHODS: A modified 3-round Delphi technique was used. @entity0 included @entity1 @entity0 , carers, @entity0 representatives and healthcare professionals (HCPs) from CoEs in two countries-Denmark and the UK. RESULTS: The results suggest the need to make improvements within current CoE environments, access to CoEs and the need for coordination and cooperation of services within and outside CoEs. It is recommended that CoEs are not overly 'medicalised', while at the same time they should be established as research facilities. The importance of including @entity0 representatives in CoE performance management was also highlighted. Raising awareness and provision of appropriate training amongst non-specialist HCPs is seen as a priority for early and correct diagnosis and ensuring high quality care. Similarly, provision of targeted information about @entity0 ' illness and care was considered essential along with access to social assistance within CoEs. CONCLUSIONS: Policy recommendations were developed in areas previously recognised as having gaps. Their implementation is expected to strengthen and improve current care provision for @entity1 @entity0 . In member states where national plans and strategies are being developed, it is recommended to replicate the methodological approach used in this study as it has proven to be a helpful tool in @entity1 centres of expertise policy development.

title: Policy recommendations for XXXX centres of expertise.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Prophylactic proctocolectomy with an ileoanal neo-reservoir is the established procedure in non-attenuated @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Traditionally, the ileal J-pouch is created by doubling 15  cm of the terminal ileum. Pouch inlet problems are not infrequently encountered in longer pouches. On this rationale, this series reports on the functional outcome and quality of life (QoL) following standardized construction of a @entity4 with a limb of 8-9  cm length. METHODS: All @entity0 of a single-surgeon series with @entity3 who underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic proctocolectomy and small ileal pouch-anal @entity1 as the primary procedure between 10/2005 and 04/2010 and responded to the questionnaire were included and retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 46 @entity0 (78  %) out of the consecutive series who underwent operation in this period were included in the study. After a mean follow-up of 38  months, 40/46 @entity0 (87  %) did not report any @entity2 and 3 @entity0 (6.5  %) complained about occasional nocturnal @entity2 (3 failed to answer this question). The mean stool frequency per 24  h was 6.25. No significant difference was encountered between the QoL outcome of our @entity0 versus the German normative population. Comparable results were achieved in a study analyzing the long-term results in @entity3 @entity0 with a 15-cm pouch. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller, 8-9  cm J-pouches show excellent functional results both in short- and in long-term results. The hand-assisted procedure was safe and no conversions were required. QoL is equal to a normative population, as it is in a series of @entity0 with larger J-pouches.

title: Prophylactic surgery in XXXX ( @entity3 )-a single surgeon's short- and long-term experience with hand-assisted proctocolectomy and smaller J-pouches.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Prophylactic proctocolectomy with an ileoanal neo-reservoir is the established procedure in non-attenuated @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Traditionally, the ileal J-pouch is created by doubling 15  cm of the terminal ileum. Pouch inlet problems are not infrequently encountered in longer pouches. On this rationale, this series reports on the functional outcome and quality of life (QoL) following standardized construction of a @entity4 with a limb of 8-9  cm length. METHODS: All @entity0 of a single-surgeon series with @entity3 who underwent hand-assisted laparoscopic proctocolectomy and small ileal pouch-anal @entity1 as the primary procedure between 10/2005 and 04/2010 and responded to the questionnaire were included and retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 46 @entity0 (78  %) out of the consecutive series who underwent operation in this period were included in the study. After a mean follow-up of 38  months, 40/46 @entity0 (87  %) did not report any @entity2 and 3 @entity0 (6.5  %) complained about occasional nocturnal @entity2 (3 failed to answer this question). The mean stool frequency per 24  h was 6.25. No significant difference was encountered between the QoL outcome of our @entity0 versus the German normative population. Comparable results were achieved in a study analyzing the long-term results in @entity3 @entity0 with a 15-cm pouch. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller, 8-9  cm J-pouches show excellent functional results both in short- and in long-term results. The hand-assisted procedure was safe and no conversions were required. QoL is equal to a normative population, as it is in a series of @entity0 with larger J-pouches.

title: Prophylactic surgery in @entity3 ( XXXX )-a single surgeon's short- and long-term experience with hand-assisted proctocolectomy and smaller J-pouches.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tumour relapse is recognized to be the prime fatal burden in @entity0 affected by @entity5 ( @entity5 ), but no discrete molecular trait has yet been identified to make reliable early predictions of @entity2 recurrence. Expression of cell surface proteoglycans (PGs) is frequently altered in @entity3 and several of them are gradually emerging as key prognostic factors. METHODS: A PG expression analysis at both mRNA and protein level, was pursued on primary lesions derived from 173 @entity5 @entity0 from whom full clinical history and 2  years post-surgical follow-up was accessible. Gene and protein expression data were correlated with clinical traits and previously proposed @entity2 relapse markers to stratify high-risk @entity0 subgroups. RESULTS: @entity5 were indeed found to exhibit a widely aberrant PG expression pattern characterized by a variable expression of all PGs and a characteristic de novo transcription/translation of @entity11 , @entity9 and @entity10 / @entity10 respectively in 36%, 72% and 71% on 119 cases. Importantly, expression of @entity10 / @entity10 , on neoplastic cells and in the intralesional stroma (Hazard Ratio [HR], 6.76, p   =   0.017) was strongly associated with loco-regional relapse, whereas stromal enrichment of @entity8 (HR, 7.652, p   =   0.007) was independently tied to lymphnodal infiltration and disease-related @entity4 . Conversely, down-regulated @entity7 transcript (HR, 0.232, p   =   0.013) uniquely correlated with formation of distant metastases. Altered expression of PGs significantly correlated with the above disease outcomes when either considered alone or in association with well-established predictors of poor prognosis (i.e. T classification, previous occurrence of @entity6 and lymphnodal @entity1 ). Combined alteration of all three PGs was found to be a reliable predictor of shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS: An unprecedented PG-based prognostic portrait is unveiled that incisively diversifies disease course in @entity5 @entity0 beyond the currently known clinical and molecular biomarkers.

title: Proteoglycan-based diversification of disease outcome in head and neck cancer @entity0 identifies XXXX / @entity10 and @entity8 as unique relapse and overall survival predicting factors.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tumour relapse is recognized to be the prime fatal burden in @entity0 affected by @entity5 ( @entity5 ), but no discrete molecular trait has yet been identified to make reliable early predictions of @entity2 recurrence. Expression of cell surface proteoglycans (PGs) is frequently altered in @entity3 and several of them are gradually emerging as key prognostic factors. METHODS: A PG expression analysis at both mRNA and protein level, was pursued on primary lesions derived from 173 @entity5 @entity0 from whom full clinical history and 2  years post-surgical follow-up was accessible. Gene and protein expression data were correlated with clinical traits and previously proposed @entity2 relapse markers to stratify high-risk @entity0 subgroups. RESULTS: @entity5 were indeed found to exhibit a widely aberrant PG expression pattern characterized by a variable expression of all PGs and a characteristic de novo transcription/translation of @entity11 , @entity9 and @entity10 / @entity10 respectively in 36%, 72% and 71% on 119 cases. Importantly, expression of @entity10 / @entity10 , on neoplastic cells and in the intralesional stroma (Hazard Ratio [HR], 6.76, p   =   0.017) was strongly associated with loco-regional relapse, whereas stromal enrichment of @entity8 (HR, 7.652, p   =   0.007) was independently tied to lymphnodal infiltration and disease-related @entity4 . Conversely, down-regulated @entity7 transcript (HR, 0.232, p   =   0.013) uniquely correlated with formation of distant metastases. Altered expression of PGs significantly correlated with the above disease outcomes when either considered alone or in association with well-established predictors of poor prognosis (i.e. T classification, previous occurrence of @entity6 and lymphnodal @entity1 ). Combined alteration of all three PGs was found to be a reliable predictor of shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS: An unprecedented PG-based prognostic portrait is unveiled that incisively diversifies disease course in @entity5 @entity0 beyond the currently known clinical and molecular biomarkers.

title: Proteoglycan-based diversification of disease outcome in head and neck cancer @entity0 identifies @entity10 / XXXX and @entity8 as unique relapse and overall survival predicting factors.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tumour relapse is recognized to be the prime fatal burden in @entity0 affected by @entity5 ( @entity5 ), but no discrete molecular trait has yet been identified to make reliable early predictions of @entity2 recurrence. Expression of cell surface proteoglycans (PGs) is frequently altered in @entity3 and several of them are gradually emerging as key prognostic factors. METHODS: A PG expression analysis at both mRNA and protein level, was pursued on primary lesions derived from 173 @entity5 @entity0 from whom full clinical history and 2  years post-surgical follow-up was accessible. Gene and protein expression data were correlated with clinical traits and previously proposed @entity2 relapse markers to stratify high-risk @entity0 subgroups. RESULTS: @entity5 were indeed found to exhibit a widely aberrant PG expression pattern characterized by a variable expression of all PGs and a characteristic de novo transcription/translation of @entity11 , @entity9 and @entity10 / @entity10 respectively in 36%, 72% and 71% on 119 cases. Importantly, expression of @entity10 / @entity10 , on neoplastic cells and in the intralesional stroma (Hazard Ratio [HR], 6.76, p   =   0.017) was strongly associated with loco-regional relapse, whereas stromal enrichment of @entity8 (HR, 7.652, p   =   0.007) was independently tied to lymphnodal infiltration and disease-related @entity4 . Conversely, down-regulated @entity7 transcript (HR, 0.232, p   =   0.013) uniquely correlated with formation of distant metastases. Altered expression of PGs significantly correlated with the above disease outcomes when either considered alone or in association with well-established predictors of poor prognosis (i.e. T classification, previous occurrence of @entity6 and lymphnodal @entity1 ). Combined alteration of all three PGs was found to be a reliable predictor of shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS: An unprecedented PG-based prognostic portrait is unveiled that incisively diversifies disease course in @entity5 @entity0 beyond the currently known clinical and molecular biomarkers.

title: Proteoglycan-based diversification of disease outcome in head and neck cancer @entity0 identifies @entity10 / @entity10 and XXXX as unique relapse and overall survival predicting factors.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tumour relapse is recognized to be the prime fatal burden in @entity0 affected by @entity5 ( @entity5 ), but no discrete molecular trait has yet been identified to make reliable early predictions of @entity2 recurrence. Expression of cell surface proteoglycans (PGs) is frequently altered in @entity3 and several of them are gradually emerging as key prognostic factors. METHODS: A PG expression analysis at both mRNA and protein level, was pursued on primary lesions derived from 173 @entity5 @entity0 from whom full clinical history and 2  years post-surgical follow-up was accessible. Gene and protein expression data were correlated with clinical traits and previously proposed @entity2 relapse markers to stratify high-risk @entity0 subgroups. RESULTS: @entity5 were indeed found to exhibit a widely aberrant PG expression pattern characterized by a variable expression of all PGs and a characteristic de novo transcription/translation of @entity11 , @entity9 and @entity10 / @entity10 respectively in 36%, 72% and 71% on 119 cases. Importantly, expression of @entity10 / @entity10 , on neoplastic cells and in the intralesional stroma (Hazard Ratio [HR], 6.76, p   =   0.017) was strongly associated with loco-regional relapse, whereas stromal enrichment of @entity8 (HR, 7.652, p   =   0.007) was independently tied to lymphnodal infiltration and disease-related @entity4 . Conversely, down-regulated @entity7 transcript (HR, 0.232, p   =   0.013) uniquely correlated with formation of distant metastases. Altered expression of PGs significantly correlated with the above disease outcomes when either considered alone or in association with well-established predictors of poor prognosis (i.e. T classification, previous occurrence of @entity6 and lymphnodal @entity1 ). Combined alteration of all three PGs was found to be a reliable predictor of shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS: An unprecedented PG-based prognostic portrait is unveiled that incisively diversifies disease course in @entity5 @entity0 beyond the currently known clinical and molecular biomarkers.

title: Proteoglycan-based diversification of disease outcome in head and neck cancer XXXX identifies @entity10 / @entity10 and @entity8 as unique relapse and overall survival predicting factors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study evaluated a school-based and a community-based scheme for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of @entity4 mansoni among school-aged @entity0 in views of resolution CD49.R19 of the Pan American Health Organization toward the elimination of @entity4 as a public health problem in the Americas and subsequent commitments endorsed by the Brazilian government. The school-aged population from a representative municipality of the endemic area of Northeastern Brazil was randomly allocated to either school-based or community-based scheme. The two schemes were compared with regard to coverage of diagnosis by the Kato-Katz method (KK) at baseline, treatment of the positives for @entity1 with @entity3 , treatment of the positives for soil-transmitted helminthes (STH) with @entity5 , as well as follow-up of treatment efficacy and reinfection assessed respectively at four and 12 months after treatment. Nutritional status of the positives for @entity2 was assessed at baseline and re-assessed at 12 months after treatment. Coverage of diagnosis and treatment was satisfactory (>75%) in both schemes. Diagnosis coverage at baseline and at 12 months was significantly higher in the community scheme, whereas treatment coverage did not differ significantly between the two schemes either at baseline or at 12 months. The number of @entity0 covered per day was significantly higher in the schools than in the community at baseline but not at follow-up, when daily coverage was higher in the community. With regard to @entity2 , overall treatment efficacy rate at four months was 90.8%, and reinfection rate at 12 months was 21.6%. For STH, overall treatment efficacy was 45.4% and reinfection, 32.8%. The nutritional status of the positives for @entity2 at baseline did not change significantly at 12 months post-treatment. Actions targeted at this particularly vulnerable high-risk group should combine school-based and community-based interventions as well as preventive measures to reduce transmission.

title: School-based and community-based actions for scaling-up diagnosis and treatment of XXXX toward its elimination in an endemic area of Brazil.

answer: @entity4