abstract: In the present study we performed a light microscopic anatomical comparison of adrenalectomy (ADX)-induced @entity2 using @entity4 impregnation and reaction of astroglial cells using @entity1 immunocytochemistry in the hippocampus of the @entity0 . Three survival times following ADX were studied: 24 hours, 3 days, and 3 weeks. Twenty-four hours following ADX we found no degenerative changes or altered @entity1 immunostaining. Three days after adrenalectomy, argyrophilic somata appeared in the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus. Argyrophilic dendrites were seen in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus and neuritic argyrophilia were seen in the mossy fiber layer. Induction of @entity1 immunoreactivity occurred simultaneously with degeneration. Increased @entity1 immunoreactivity could be observed 3 days after adrenalectomy in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, granular cell layer, sub and supragranular cell layer, and mossy fiber layer. Size and shape of astroglial cells were changed, and their processes in the molecular layer changed from unidirectional to randomly organized. Degeneration and astroglial reaction were more pronounced 3 weeks after adrenalectomy and both were prevented by adding @entity5 to the drinking solution. Animals that did not show degenerative changes showed no increased @entity1 immunoreactivity, while both effects were confined to the dentate gyrus and mossy fiber zone. These results show that there is a close relationship between the induction of @entity1 immunoreactivity in the hippocampus of the @entity0 and @entity3 in the dentate gyrus following ADX, both in time and space.

title: Induction of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in the XXXX dentate gyrus after adrenalectomy: comparison with neurodegenerative changes using @entity4 impregnation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A group of 32 @entity0 with moderately severe, chronic @entity2 (mean FEV1 55% of predicted), maintained on moderately high doses of inhaled @entity1 (mean dose 1,100 micrograms/d), participated in this double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. The effect on pulmonary function of adding @entity3 (U, once daily @entity3 ), inhaled @entity4 (S, 200 micrograms four times per day), and their combination (C) or placebo (P) was assessed on Day 14 of each treatment phase. @entity0 recorded peak expiratory flow, @entity2 symptom severity (morning and evening), and use of rescue @entity4 inhaler in daily diaries. Mean FEV1 between 0730 and 1800 h and maximum FEV1 between 0730 and 1300 h were significantly higher on U, S, and C compared with P (p < 0.006). Morning peak flow and FEV1 (0730 h) were significantly higher on U and C compared with S and P (p < 0.01). Evening peak flow was higher on U than P (p < 0.001), and C was higher than S and P (p < 0.01). Rescue @entity4 inhaler use was significantly higher on P than on U, C, or S (p = 0.0001). @entity0 rating of @entity2 symptoms during C was significantly better than on S or P (p < 0.05). @entity0 rating of @entity2 control and study phase preference was significantly higher on combination and @entity3 alone than on placebo, the combination also being superior to @entity4 alone. Addition of @entity3 or a combination of @entity3 and @entity4 significantly improves pulmonary function and @entity2 symptoms in @entity0 treated with high doses of inhaled @entity1 and as-needed beta agonists.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy of XXXX , @entity4 , and their combination in asthmatic @entity0 on high-dose inhaled steroids.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A group of 32 @entity0 with moderately severe, chronic @entity2 (mean FEV1 55% of predicted), maintained on moderately high doses of inhaled @entity1 (mean dose 1,100 micrograms/d), participated in this double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. The effect on pulmonary function of adding @entity3 (U, once daily @entity3 ), inhaled @entity4 (S, 200 micrograms four times per day), and their combination (C) or placebo (P) was assessed on Day 14 of each treatment phase. @entity0 recorded peak expiratory flow, @entity2 symptom severity (morning and evening), and use of rescue @entity4 inhaler in daily diaries. Mean FEV1 between 0730 and 1800 h and maximum FEV1 between 0730 and 1300 h were significantly higher on U, S, and C compared with P (p < 0.006). Morning peak flow and FEV1 (0730 h) were significantly higher on U and C compared with S and P (p < 0.01). Evening peak flow was higher on U than P (p < 0.001), and C was higher than S and P (p < 0.01). Rescue @entity4 inhaler use was significantly higher on P than on U, C, or S (p = 0.0001). @entity0 rating of @entity2 symptoms during C was significantly better than on S or P (p < 0.05). @entity0 rating of @entity2 control and study phase preference was significantly higher on combination and @entity3 alone than on placebo, the combination also being superior to @entity4 alone. Addition of @entity3 or a combination of @entity3 and @entity4 significantly improves pulmonary function and @entity2 symptoms in @entity0 treated with high doses of inhaled @entity1 and as-needed beta agonists.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy of @entity3 , XXXX , and their combination in asthmatic @entity0 on high-dose inhaled steroids.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A group of 32 @entity0 with moderately severe, chronic @entity2 (mean FEV1 55% of predicted), maintained on moderately high doses of inhaled @entity1 (mean dose 1,100 micrograms/d), participated in this double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. The effect on pulmonary function of adding @entity3 (U, once daily @entity3 ), inhaled @entity4 (S, 200 micrograms four times per day), and their combination (C) or placebo (P) was assessed on Day 14 of each treatment phase. @entity0 recorded peak expiratory flow, @entity2 symptom severity (morning and evening), and use of rescue @entity4 inhaler in daily diaries. Mean FEV1 between 0730 and 1800 h and maximum FEV1 between 0730 and 1300 h were significantly higher on U, S, and C compared with P (p < 0.006). Morning peak flow and FEV1 (0730 h) were significantly higher on U and C compared with S and P (p < 0.01). Evening peak flow was higher on U than P (p < 0.001), and C was higher than S and P (p < 0.01). Rescue @entity4 inhaler use was significantly higher on P than on U, C, or S (p = 0.0001). @entity0 rating of @entity2 symptoms during C was significantly better than on S or P (p < 0.05). @entity0 rating of @entity2 control and study phase preference was significantly higher on combination and @entity3 alone than on placebo, the combination also being superior to @entity4 alone. Addition of @entity3 or a combination of @entity3 and @entity4 significantly improves pulmonary function and @entity2 symptoms in @entity0 treated with high doses of inhaled @entity1 and as-needed beta agonists.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Efficacy of @entity3 , @entity4 , and their combination in asthmatic XXXX on high-dose inhaled steroids.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In a pathologic review of 1224 cases of @entity5 , 1023 were confirmed cases of @entity5 . Fifty-six (5.5%) were clear-cell adenocarcinoma (CCE). Fifteen cases of " @entity3 " ( @entity3 ) were examined for comparison. Fifty-five @entity0 with CCE and all with @entity3 were followed for at least five years or until @entity4 . There were only 19 survivors among those with CCE. No five-year survivor subsequently died of disease. Of the 15 @entity0 with @entity3 , 13 survived for five years although two additional @entity0 died of recurrent disease at 5.4 and seven years. All survivors of CCE were Stage I @entity0 at the time of diagnosis. All were postmenopausal, and had a median age of 67 years compared with 58 years for @entity0 with @entity3 . Unlike @entity3 , the morphology of CCE was preserved in the subsequent hysterectomy specimen, in the recurrent disease, and in the @entity1 . CCE was proportionately more common in black @entity0 and the five-year survival was 12.5% as compared with 39.1% for white @entity0 . In contrast to @entity5 in general, most @entity0 who failed treatment died of disease. There was no increase in the relative frequency over the 23-year time period of the study. Age at time of diagnosis seemed to be an important prognosticator. Prognosis also correlated well with stage of disease and depth of @entity1 . It correlated to a somewhat lesser extent with the method of treatment and had a poor correlation with the histologic pattern or degree of cellular differentiation: however, essentially all @entity2 were considered to be poorly differentiated. Finally, a histologic tissue marker in the form of hyalin-like, PAS-positive, diastase-resistant bodies was found in the 64% of the @entity0 with CCE.

title: @entity5 : I. A clinicopathologic study of clear-cell carcinoma and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In a pathologic review of 1224 cases of @entity5 , 1023 were confirmed cases of @entity5 . Fifty-six (5.5%) were clear-cell adenocarcinoma (CCE). Fifteen cases of " @entity3 " ( @entity3 ) were examined for comparison. Fifty-five @entity0 with CCE and all with @entity3 were followed for at least five years or until @entity4 . There were only 19 survivors among those with CCE. No five-year survivor subsequently died of disease. Of the 15 @entity0 with @entity3 , 13 survived for five years although two additional @entity0 died of recurrent disease at 5.4 and seven years. All survivors of CCE were Stage I @entity0 at the time of diagnosis. All were postmenopausal, and had a median age of 67 years compared with 58 years for @entity0 with @entity3 . Unlike @entity3 , the morphology of CCE was preserved in the subsequent hysterectomy specimen, in the recurrent disease, and in the @entity1 . CCE was proportionately more common in black @entity0 and the five-year survival was 12.5% as compared with 39.1% for white @entity0 . In contrast to @entity5 in general, most @entity0 who failed treatment died of disease. There was no increase in the relative frequency over the 23-year time period of the study. Age at time of diagnosis seemed to be an important prognosticator. Prognosis also correlated well with stage of disease and depth of @entity1 . It correlated to a somewhat lesser extent with the method of treatment and had a poor correlation with the histologic pattern or degree of cellular differentiation: however, essentially all @entity2 were considered to be poorly differentiated. Finally, a histologic tissue marker in the form of hyalin-like, PAS-positive, diastase-resistant bodies was found in the 64% of the @entity0 with CCE.

title: XXXX : I. A clinicopathologic study of clear-cell carcinoma and @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: In 7 normocapnic and 6 hypercapnic @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), we confirmed the recently reported observation that hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic @entity0 with @entity2 breathe with a shorter inspiratory time (TI) and a smaller tidal volume (VT) than normocapnic and/or normoxemic @entity0 with @entity2 . Both hypercapnic and normocapnic groups were exposed to doubling concentrations of aerosolized @entity1 , and FEV1 was measured 30 and 90 s after each 2-min exposure. A provocative concentration (PC20) of @entity1 was defined as that which produced a 20% decrease in FEV1. At PC20, minute ventilation and VT decreased in both groups. The decrease in VT was significantly greater in the normocapnic @entity0 . Inspiratory flow (VT/TI) did not change in either group. Although breathing frequency (f) and inspiratory time (TI) did not change in the hypercapnic group, f increased and TI decreased significantly in the normocapnic @entity0 . The same results were obtained when @entity0 were separated into hypoxemic and "normoxemic" groups. At PC20, therefore, the pattern of breathing of the hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic @entity0 showed only small variations, whereas in the normocapnic and/or "normoxemic" @entity0 , the breathing pattern showed greater changes, becoming similar to that of the hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic @entity0 during control breathing. We speculated, therefore, that activation of @entity1 -sensitive receptors in the airways could be involved in the pathophysiology of the rapid shallow breathing present at rest in hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Control of breathing in @entity2 . The effect of XXXX inhalation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 7 normocapnic and 6 hypercapnic @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), we confirmed the recently reported observation that hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic @entity0 with @entity2 breathe with a shorter inspiratory time (TI) and a smaller tidal volume (VT) than normocapnic and/or normoxemic @entity0 with @entity2 . Both hypercapnic and normocapnic groups were exposed to doubling concentrations of aerosolized @entity1 , and FEV1 was measured 30 and 90 s after each 2-min exposure. A provocative concentration (PC20) of @entity1 was defined as that which produced a 20% decrease in FEV1. At PC20, minute ventilation and VT decreased in both groups. The decrease in VT was significantly greater in the normocapnic @entity0 . Inspiratory flow (VT/TI) did not change in either group. Although breathing frequency (f) and inspiratory time (TI) did not change in the hypercapnic group, f increased and TI decreased significantly in the normocapnic @entity0 . The same results were obtained when @entity0 were separated into hypoxemic and "normoxemic" groups. At PC20, therefore, the pattern of breathing of the hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic @entity0 showed only small variations, whereas in the normocapnic and/or "normoxemic" @entity0 , the breathing pattern showed greater changes, becoming similar to that of the hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic @entity0 during control breathing. We speculated, therefore, that activation of @entity1 -sensitive receptors in the airways could be involved in the pathophysiology of the rapid shallow breathing present at rest in hypercapnic and/or hypoxemic @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Control of breathing in XXXX . The effect of @entity1 inhalation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The stability of @entity5 in a variety of i.v. solutions was studied. Solutions of @entity5 10 mg/mL were prepared separately in 0.45% @entity2 injection, 0.9% @entity2 injection, 5% @entity0 injection, 5% @entity0 and 0.45% @entity2 injection, 5% @entity0 and 0.9% @entity2 injection, 5% @entity0 with lactated Ringer's injection, lactated Ringer's injection, 5% @entity4 injection, and 5% @entity0 injection with @entity3 40 meq/L. One glass and one @entity1 container of each solution (except glass only in the case of the solution in 5% @entity4 injection) were stored in the dark at 5 degrees C, under ambient room light at 23-27 degrees C, in the dark at 40 degrees C, and under intense light at 25-30 degrees C. At storage intervals up to 168 hours, samples were tested for @entity5 concentration by high-performance liquid chromatography. Optical density and pH were also measured. @entity5 was stable in the various i.v. fluids for at least 168 hours when stored at 5 degrees C or 23-27 degrees C, for at least 24 hours when stored under intense light, and, with one exception, for at least 48 hours when stored at 40 degrees C. When mixed with 5% @entity4 injection, the drug was stable for only about 24 hours at 40 degrees C. There were no substantial changes in optical density or pH. The type of container had no effect on stability. With one exception, @entity5 was stable in all the i.v. solutions under all the conditions tested.

title: Stability of XXXX in intravenous solutions.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of restricted value for the in vivo characterization of @entity1 types. The applicability of @entity3 -31 (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the diagnosis of @entity2 is unknown. METHODS: A total of 191 consecutive @entity0 (85 females and 106 males; mean age 41 years, range 1-80) with @entity2 on MRI were analyzed for additional 31P spectroscopy. Histology and/or cytology was obtained from all @entity1 . Because of low sensitivity of the 31P nucleus and the contamination of surrounding tissue, only large, superficially located @entity1 accessible to the surface coil could be accepted for MRS. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity0 (11%) could be included in the study. From this remaining group only 12 studies (57%) produced spectra with well resolved @entity3 peaks and an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. However, these spectra did not allow differentiation between the benign and malignant nature of the lesions. The other 9 studies showed spectra with poor signal intensities and/or poorly defined peaks, making @entity1 differentiation impossible. CONCLUSION: Only 6% of the @entity2 produced well defined spectra, which implies that localized 31P MRS cannot be considered as a routine technique in the diagnostic and treatment evaluation of @entity2 .

title: Clinical applicability of @entity0 in vivo localized XXXX -31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of restricted value for the in vivo characterization of @entity1 types. The applicability of @entity3 -31 (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the diagnosis of @entity2 is unknown. METHODS: A total of 191 consecutive @entity0 (85 females and 106 males; mean age 41 years, range 1-80) with @entity2 on MRI were analyzed for additional 31P spectroscopy. Histology and/or cytology was obtained from all @entity1 . Because of low sensitivity of the 31P nucleus and the contamination of surrounding tissue, only large, superficially located @entity1 accessible to the surface coil could be accepted for MRS. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity0 (11%) could be included in the study. From this remaining group only 12 studies (57%) produced spectra with well resolved @entity3 peaks and an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. However, these spectra did not allow differentiation between the benign and malignant nature of the lesions. The other 9 studies showed spectra with poor signal intensities and/or poorly defined peaks, making @entity1 differentiation impossible. CONCLUSION: Only 6% of the @entity2 produced well defined spectra, which implies that localized 31P MRS cannot be considered as a routine technique in the diagnostic and treatment evaluation of @entity2 .

title: Clinical applicability of @entity0 in vivo localized @entity3 -31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of restricted value for the in vivo characterization of @entity1 types. The applicability of @entity3 -31 (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the diagnosis of @entity2 is unknown. METHODS: A total of 191 consecutive @entity0 (85 females and 106 males; mean age 41 years, range 1-80) with @entity2 on MRI were analyzed for additional 31P spectroscopy. Histology and/or cytology was obtained from all @entity1 . Because of low sensitivity of the 31P nucleus and the contamination of surrounding tissue, only large, superficially located @entity1 accessible to the surface coil could be accepted for MRS. RESULTS: Twenty-one @entity0 (11%) could be included in the study. From this remaining group only 12 studies (57%) produced spectra with well resolved @entity3 peaks and an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio. However, these spectra did not allow differentiation between the benign and malignant nature of the lesions. The other 9 studies showed spectra with poor signal intensities and/or poorly defined peaks, making @entity1 differentiation impossible. CONCLUSION: Only 6% of the @entity2 produced well defined spectra, which implies that localized 31P MRS cannot be considered as a routine technique in the diagnostic and treatment evaluation of @entity2 .

title: Clinical applicability of XXXX in vivo localized @entity3 -31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: In all of six cases of @entity2 ( @entity5 ), gel electrophoresis in the presence of @entity1 revealed abnormally rapid migration of the preponderant integral membrane protein, band 3. After proteolysis of intact cells, the remaining part of the band 3, comprising the intramembrane segment and the cytoplasmic domain, migrated electrophoretically as a single band, identical in mobility to that from normal cells treated in the same manner. The @entity0 thus resides in the extracellular domain of the protein, which is the glycosylated part of the chain. Peptide digests of the band 3 showed no evidence of a missing protein segment in the abnormal cells and the @entity3 composition of the peptides derived from proteolysis of the extracellular protein of intact cells was also normal. We infer that the @entity0 is one of glycosylation. The major glycoproteins, detected by @entity4 -specific (PAS) stain appear normal in SDS gels. However, when the more sensitive procedure of reacting after electrophoresis with radioiodinated lentil lectin is employed, some additional minor protein components are revealed. In particular one species of apparent subunit molecular weight about 150 000 appeared in all cases of @entity5 examined and in no normals. This component is not accessible to proteolysis by chymotrypsin or @entity6 protease, and may be associated with the inner membrane patches, characteristic of the @entity5 . Overall cell shape and microviscosity of the membrane bilayer, as measured by fluorescence polarization of a lipid-soluble fluorophore, were substantially normal in @entity5 cells.

title: Red cell membrane protein anomalies in XXXX (HEMP AS).

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mitral valve repair has been suggested as providing a better postoperative outcome than valve replacement for @entity2 , but this impression has been obscured by differences in baseline characteristics and has not been confirmed in multivariate analyses. METHODS AND RESULTS: The outcomes in 195 @entity0 with valve repair and 214 with replacement for organic @entity2 were compared using multivariate analysis. All @entity0 had preoperative echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular function. Before surgery, @entity0 with valve repair were less symptomatic than those with replacement (42% in New York Heart Association functional class I or II versus 24%, respectively; P = .001), had less @entity3 (41% versus 53%; P = .017), and had a better ejection fraction (63 +/- 9% versus 60 +/- 12%, P = .016). After valve repair, compared with valve replacement, overall survival at 10 years was 68 +/- 6% versus 52 +/- 4% (P = .0004), overall operative mortality was 2.6% versus 10.3% (P = .002), operative mortality in @entity0 under age 75 was 1.3% versus 5.7% (P = .036), and late survival (in operative survivors) at 10 years was 69 +/- 6% versus 58 +/- 5% (P = .018). Late survival after valve repair was not different from expected survival. After surgery, ejection fraction decreased significantly in both groups but was higher after valve repair (P = .001). Multivariate analysis indicated an independent beneficial effect of valve repair on overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.39; P = .00001), operative mortality (odds ratio, 0.27; P = .026), late survival (hazard ratio, 0.44; P = .001), and postoperative ejection fraction (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Valve repair significantly improves postoperative outcome in @entity0 with @entity2 and should be the preferred mode of surgical correction. The low operative mortality is an incentive for early surgery before @entity1 occurs.

title: Valve repair improves the outcome of surgery for XXXX . A multivariate analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) of the mitral valve in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has generally been explained by a Venturi effect related to @entity6 , causing outflow tract narrowing and high velocities. @entity0 with @entity5 , however, also have primary @entity7 , including anterior and inward or central displacement of the papillary muscles, and leaflet elongation. These findings have led to the hypothesis that changes in the mitral apparatus can be a primary cause of @entity3 by altering the forces acting on the mitral valve and its ability to move in response to them. Despite suggestive observations, however, it has never been prospectively demonstrated that such changes can actually cause @entity3 . METHODS AND RESULTS: To test this hypothesis in vivo, anterior @entity1 was created in 7 @entity2 studied by echocardiography, with controlled cardiac output and heart rate. In all 7 @entity2 , @entity1 caused @entity3 , with an outflow tract gradient (33 +/- 19 mm Hg) and @entity4 in 6. As in @entity0 with @entity5 , the mitral valve was displaced anteriorly and the coaptation point shifted toward the insertion of the leaflets, creating longer distal residual leaflets that moved anteriorly. CONCLUSIONS: Primary changes in the mitral apparatus can cause @entity3 without @entity6 . In this model, @entity3 appears to be determined by the ability of the leaflets to move anteriorly ( @entity1 causing slack and increased residual leaflet length) and their interposition into the outflow stream by anterior displacement, determining the direction of this motion. Geometric factors observed in @entity5 and in @entity0 with @entity3 without @entity5 can therefore play a primary role in causing @entity3 .

title: XXXX causes systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve. Experimental validation and insights into the mechanism of subaortic obstruction.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Studies of experimental @entity1 in rodents indicate that there are morphological @entity1 microcirculation compared to normal tissues. The aim of this study was to examine the structure of the microvasculature in benign and malignant @entity5 in @entity0 using microvascular casting techniques. There were 15 @entity3 , four @entity4 , and three specimens from @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). A cast of the microvessels of these @entity1 was prepared by intraarterial administration of acrylic resin (Mercox) and the cast examined by scanning electron microscopy. Quantitative measures of the microvasculature were obtained from histological sections using stereological techniques in four @entity2 , two @entity4 , and 12 @entity4 from @entity0 with @entity6 . Vascular casts of benign colonic @entity4 showed that the microvasculature had a similar organization to normal colon. However, capillaries and venules were elongated and had increased diameters compared to normal. In @entity4 greater than 3 mm in diameter, there was an increased density of microvessels in the spaces between @entity1 cells. Vascular casts of @entity5 were characterized by a disorganized structure and increased density of microvessels. The organization of microvessels within @entity2 had a similar overall pattern to normal colon. However, the increased number and density of microvessels resulted in formation of nodular clusters of capillaries, formation of "sheets" of frequently anastomosing capillaries, or almost complete packing of the interstitial spaces of the @entity1 by capillaries in places. Most capillaries had a long and tortuous course and numerous capillary sprouts were identified. Tumor microvessels had greater mean diameters than normal. Extravasation of resin from microvessels in @entity2 was frequently seen. The vascular volume of @entity2 (23.1% +/- 12.2), @entity4 (16.3% +/- 3.4), and @entity4 > 3 mm diameter in @entity0 with @entity6 (17.7% +/- 3.0) were significantly greater than in normal colon (11.0% +/- 4.2). This study indicates that there is an increased vascular density in benign and @entity5 compared to normal colon. The presence of profusely anastomotic microvessels and frequent capillary sprouts is evidence of active neovascularization and suggests control of @entity1 growth could be achieved by modifiers of angiogenesis.

title: Microvascular structure of benign and XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Studies of experimental @entity1 in rodents indicate that there are morphological @entity1 microcirculation compared to normal tissues. The aim of this study was to examine the structure of the microvasculature in benign and malignant @entity5 in @entity0 using microvascular casting techniques. There were 15 @entity3 , four @entity4 , and three specimens from @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). A cast of the microvessels of these @entity1 was prepared by intraarterial administration of acrylic resin (Mercox) and the cast examined by scanning electron microscopy. Quantitative measures of the microvasculature were obtained from histological sections using stereological techniques in four @entity2 , two @entity4 , and 12 @entity4 from @entity0 with @entity6 . Vascular casts of benign colonic @entity4 showed that the microvasculature had a similar organization to normal colon. However, capillaries and venules were elongated and had increased diameters compared to normal. In @entity4 greater than 3 mm in diameter, there was an increased density of microvessels in the spaces between @entity1 cells. Vascular casts of @entity5 were characterized by a disorganized structure and increased density of microvessels. The organization of microvessels within @entity2 had a similar overall pattern to normal colon. However, the increased number and density of microvessels resulted in formation of nodular clusters of capillaries, formation of "sheets" of frequently anastomosing capillaries, or almost complete packing of the interstitial spaces of the @entity1 by capillaries in places. Most capillaries had a long and tortuous course and numerous capillary sprouts were identified. Tumor microvessels had greater mean diameters than normal. Extravasation of resin from microvessels in @entity2 was frequently seen. The vascular volume of @entity2 (23.1% +/- 12.2), @entity4 (16.3% +/- 3.4), and @entity4 > 3 mm diameter in @entity0 with @entity6 (17.7% +/- 3.0) were significantly greater than in normal colon (11.0% +/- 4.2). This study indicates that there is an increased vascular density in benign and @entity5 compared to normal colon. The presence of profusely anastomotic microvessels and frequent capillary sprouts is evidence of active neovascularization and suggests control of @entity1 growth could be achieved by modifiers of angiogenesis.

title: Microvascular structure of benign and @entity5 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 34-year-old @entity0 who 14 years previously had undergone a left nephrotomy for @entity6 complained of @entity2 in the left renal fossa which was reddened and @entity2 on percussion. She had a fever of 38.2 degrees C. C-reactive protein was raised to 80 mg/l, the white cell count to 14,620/microliters (83% neutrophils). Protein and white cells were found in the urine together with a significant number of @entity3 on urine culture. Plain film of the abdomen showed a @entity5 and ultrasonography demonstrated @entity1 with a possible @entity4 . The computed tomography diagnosis was @entity9 , on the basis of @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity8 areas with typical density values (10-15 Hounsfield units), contrast enrichment and extrarenal extension of partly phlegmonous partly fused-together inflammatory changes. The abscessing parts were drained under computed tomography control. Starting 7 days pre-operatively the @entity0 had been receiving @entity7 (0.4 g daily) intravenously. A nephrectomy had to be performed subsequently. Antibiotic treatment was discontinued 2 weeks later and she was discharged symptom-free. The diagnosis of @entity9 was confirmed by histological examination of the surgical specimen.

title: [ XXXX with phlegmonous abdominal wall infiltration. Diagnosis and assessment of extent via computerized tomography].

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present article aimed to provide a comprehensive review of current status of end-of-life (EOL) care and sociocultural considerations in Korea, with focus on the EOL communication and use of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in elderly Koreans. Through literature review, we discuss the current status of EOL care and sociocultural considerations in Korea, and provide a look-ahead. In Korea, @entity0 often receive life-sustaining treatment until the very end of life. Advance care planning is rare, and most do-not-resuscitate decisions are made between the family and physician at the very end of @entity0 's life. Koreans, influenced mainly by Confucian tradition, prefer a @entity1 and discontinuation of life-sustaining treatment. Although Koreans generally believe that @entity1 is natural and unavoidable, they tend not to think about or discuss @entity1 , and regard preparation for @entity1 as unnecessary. As a result, @entity2 are completed by just 4.7% of the general adult population. This situation can be explained by several sociocultural characteristics including opting for @entity1 , wish not to burden others, preference for family involvement and trust in doctor, avoidance of talking about @entity1 , and filial piety. @entity0 often receive life-sustaining treatment until the very EOL, advance care planning and the use of @entity2 is not common in Korea. This was related to unique sociocultural characteristics of Korea. A more active role of physicians, development of a more deliberate EOL discussion process, development of culturally appropriate @entity2 and promotion of advance care planning might be required to provide good EOL care in Korea. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 407-415.

title: End-of-life communication in Korean older adults: With focus on advance care planning and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We used an ion-exchange procedure coupled to the Salmonella assay to fractionate the @entity0 -extractable particulate organics from an urban air sample collected in Boise, Idaho. A resulting base/neutral fraction contained 81% of the mutagenic activity but only 36% of the mass of the unfractionated sample. Chemical analysis showed that @entity1 ( @entity2 ) accounted for much of the mutagenic activity of the air sample. Colony probe hybridization, PCR, and DNA sequence analysis were then used to determine the mutations induced by the complex mixtures and a model PAH, @entity3 (BAP) in approximately 900 revertants of the frameshift hisD3052 allele and approximately 400 revertants of the base-substitution hisG46 allele. The majority (93-94%) of the mutations induced at the frameshift allele in strain TA98 by the whole or base/neutral fraction of the urban air sample was a hotspot 2-base deletion of a CG or GC within the sequence CGCGCGCG. The remaining mutations were complex frameshifts that consisted of -2 or +1 frameshifts associated with a flanking base substitution. BAP induced a somewhat similar pattern of mutations, with 70% being the hotspot mutation, 23% being complex frameshifts, and the remaining being deletions. The inferred base-substitution specificity associated with the complex frameshifts at the hisD3052 allele (primarily @entity4 .A transversions) was consistent with the observation that this same transversion was the primary mutation induced by the whole urban air sample and BAP at the base-substitution allele in strain TA100. At the frameshift allele, adducts that promote correct incorporation/slippage could account for hotspot mutations, whereas those that promote misincorporation/slippage could account for complex frameshifts. At the base-substitution allele, a mixture of adducts or of adducts with multiple conformations could account for the observed proportion of transitions and transversions. Combined with the bioassay-directed chemical analysis, these results from the first mutation spectra of a complex mixture suggest that such spectra reflect the dominance of particular classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture.

title: Mutation spectra in Salmonella of complex mixtures: comparison of urban air to XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although it is well known that @entity4 may cause @entity5 , it is unclear how the degree of @entity2 should best be measured in morphological images. The aim of this study was to determine which morphological measures from Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) and Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) are best in predicting whether a @entity4 is hemodynamically significant or not. METHODS: Forty-seven @entity0 with @entity1 and a clinical suspicion of @entity5 were examined with CTA, MRA, @entity6 -enhanced renography (CER) and @entity6 test (Ctest). CTA and MRA images of the renal arteries were analyzed by two readers using interactive vessel segmentation software. The measures included minimum diameter, minimum area, diameter reduction and area reduction. In addition, two radiologists visually judged the diameter reduction without automated segmentation. The results were then compared using limits of agreement and intra-class correlation, and correlated with the results from CER combined with Ctest (which were used as standard of reference) using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: A total of 68 kidneys had all three investigations (CTA, MRA and CER   +   Ctest), where 11 kidneys (16.2  %) got a positive result on the CER   +   Ctest. The greatest area under ROC curve (AUROC) was found for the area reduction on MRA, with a value of 0.91 (95  % confidence interval 0.82-0.99), excluding accessory renal arteries. As comparison, the AUROC for the radiologists' visual assessments on CTA and MRA were 0.90 (0.82-0.98) and 0.91 (0.83-0.99) respectively. None of the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: No significant differences were found between the morphological measures in their ability to predict hemodynamically significant @entity2 , but a tendency of MRA having higher AUROC than CTA. There was no significant difference between measurements made by the radiologists and measurements made with fuzzy @entity3 . Further studies are required to definitely identify the optimal measurement approach.

title: How to measure XXXX - a retrospective comparison of morphological measurement approaches in relation to hemodynamic significance.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The effect of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) on accelerated rejection was evaluated using a @entity0 heart transplantation model. Lewis @entity0 (LEW, RT1l) served as the organ recipient and Brown @entity0 (BN, RT1n) as the donor. In the accelerated rejection model, the LEW recipient was sensitized with BN skin and BN heart was transplanted 7 days later; the heart graft was rejected within 2 days (n = 7). Histologically, the graft showed @entity1 and @entity3 throughout the myocardium. @entity5 (2.5 mg/kg/day) was administered to the recipient under the following three protocols: group 1: during the sensitization period (7 days); group 2: from 3 days after the sensitization to 2 days after grafting (7 days), and group 3: immediately after heart transplantation. The mean graft survival period in groups 1, 2, and 3 was 4.3 +/- 0.8 days (n = 7, p < 0.01 vs untreated host), 11.7 +/- 2.1 days (n = 7, p < 0.001, vs. untreated host), and 2.0 +/- 0 days (n = 6), respectively. The rejected grafts in groups 1 and 3 histologically showed @entity1 and @entity3 . By contrast, in group 2, the major histological change was interstitial lymphocyte infiltration and there were few findings such as @entity1 or @entity3 . In the complement-dependent @entity2 test, serum obtained at the second posttransplant day from the recipients treated in group 1 showed a high @entity2 level, although the @entity2 level of serum obtained from the recipients treated in group 2 was consistently low.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of XXXX on accelerated rejection in @entity0 heart transplantation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The effect of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) on accelerated rejection was evaluated using a @entity0 heart transplantation model. Lewis @entity0 (LEW, RT1l) served as the organ recipient and Brown @entity0 (BN, RT1n) as the donor. In the accelerated rejection model, the LEW recipient was sensitized with BN skin and BN heart was transplanted 7 days later; the heart graft was rejected within 2 days (n = 7). Histologically, the graft showed @entity1 and @entity3 throughout the myocardium. @entity5 (2.5 mg/kg/day) was administered to the recipient under the following three protocols: group 1: during the sensitization period (7 days); group 2: from 3 days after the sensitization to 2 days after grafting (7 days), and group 3: immediately after heart transplantation. The mean graft survival period in groups 1, 2, and 3 was 4.3 +/- 0.8 days (n = 7, p < 0.01 vs untreated host), 11.7 +/- 2.1 days (n = 7, p < 0.001, vs. untreated host), and 2.0 +/- 0 days (n = 6), respectively. The rejected grafts in groups 1 and 3 histologically showed @entity1 and @entity3 . By contrast, in group 2, the major histological change was interstitial lymphocyte infiltration and there were few findings such as @entity1 or @entity3 . In the complement-dependent @entity2 test, serum obtained at the second posttransplant day from the recipients treated in group 1 showed a high @entity2 level, although the @entity2 level of serum obtained from the recipients treated in group 2 was consistently low.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effect of @entity4 on accelerated rejection in XXXX heart transplantation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: In 1984 we began treating @entity0 with @entity7 of the larynx and hypopharynx with hyperfractionated radiotherapy. @entity0 received 76.8 Gy in 1.2 Gy fractions twice daily, with a 4 h interfraction interval. In 1988, this schedule was modified in @entity0 treated with shrinking field techniques. The dose per fraction was slightly reduced (while not changing the total dose), and the interfraction interval was increased to 6 h. The goal was to decrease @entity5 while maintaining satisfactory local-regional control. This retrospective study analyzes the results of this schedule modification. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Two hundred thirty-six @entity0 were included in the analysis. Distribution of @entity0 by primary site and T stage was as follows: supraglottic larynx, 120 @entity0 ; hypopharynx, 70; true vocal cord, 24; and oropharynx, 22; T1, 5 @entity0 ; T2, 118; T3, 93; T4, 19; and Tx, 1. Ninety-nine @entity0 presented with cervical @entity3 . Seventy-eight @entity0 (group A), including 16 treated with induction chemotherapy, were treated throughout with 1.2 Gy fractions twice daily and a 4-h interfraction interval. Subsequently, 158 @entity0 (group B), 57 of whom received chemotherapy, received 1.1 Gy fractions to 55 Gy, and then 1.2 Gy fractions to their boost volumes to 76.6 Gy. The interfraction interval was 6 h. Median follow-up was 91 and 35 months for group A and B, respectively. RESULTS: Two-year actuarial survival, local control, and ultimate local rates were 70%, 75%, and 85%, respectively. Differences between survival rates for group A and group B were not statistically significant, with 2-year rates of 66% and 72%, respectively. Overall local control rates at 2 years were 77% and 74%, respectively, for groups A and B (p = 0.22). However, there was a trend toward inferior results in group B @entity0 with @entity3 (67% at 2 years compared to 76% in group A, p = 0.13). Confluent @entity2 and persistent @entity2 developed in 52% and 14% of group A @entity0 , but only 37% and 4% of group B @entity0 (p = 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively). There was a near significant trend toward fewer late complications in group B who developed an 8% complication rate at 3 years compared to 15% of group A @entity0 (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: The net effect of reducing the dose per fraction to 1.1 Gy twice daily for fields covering gross disease and subclinical sites, and increasing the interfraction interval to 6 h was to reduce the incidence of both @entity6 . Excellent overall local control rates (85%) for T2 lesions were achieved with both hyperfractionation regimens and we, therefore, continue to treat @entity0 with @entity1 with the modified schedule. The overall results in selected @entity0 with @entity4 was also satisfactory (69%), but as there was a trend towards poorer local control in @entity0 treated with 1.1 Gy fractions, we recommend using 1.2 Gy for the entire treatment of these @entity0 , while maintaining the 6 h interfraction interval to reduce the risk of late complications.

title: Hyperfractionated radiation in the treatment of XXXX of the head and neck: a comparison of two fractionation schedules.

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to report our 13-year experience of 14 @entity0 with @entity3 to treat post-trauma @entity2 and discuss our technical modifications to this surgical procedure. METHODS: Fourteen @entity0 (median age: 9.9years) with complete @entity2 after @entity1 received this procedure from December 1998 to February 2011. The major modification of the surgery was that we transposed two thick muscular bundles about 2cm in diameter bilaterally. They surrounded the middle portion of rectum to act as sphincters. We used dynamic defecography and anorectal endosonography to observe the functions of the transposed muscles. Wexner scores, @entity2 quality of life questionnaire and self-rated health measurement scale scores had been used to evaluate their life quality. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 6.3years. Twelve @entity0 reported prominently improved fecal controls with reduced stool frequency. Postoperative dynamic defecography and @entity4 vividly demonstrated the satisfactory voluntary contractile and relaxed states of the reconstructed muscle. Wexner scores were significantly improved both 1year and 2years after the procedure (P<.05). Two year after surgery, rectal maximum systolic pressure, contraction duration and maximum systolic volume significantly increased compared with the results before and 1year after surgery (P<.05) CONCLUSIONS: This modified technique of bilateral gluteus maximus transposition for reconstruction of sphincter efficiently improved fecal control and life quality for pediatric @entity0 with traumatic @entity2 .

title: Modified technique of bilateral gluteus maximus transposition for reconstruction of sphincter for pediatric traumatic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Levels of hepcidin, a key modulator of @entity2 metabolism, are influenced by erythropoiesis, @entity2 , and @entity1 , all of which may be increased in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The objectives of this study were to determine: 1) the variation in hepcidin level, and 2) the relative contribution of erythropoietic drive, @entity2 , and @entity1 to differences in @entity5 level in an adult cohort with @entity4 . In a prospective study, cross-sectional measurements of hepcidin, reticulocyte percentage, @entity3 , ferritin, and high-sensitivity CRP were obtained. A regression tree analysis was used to measure the association between these interacting factors and hepcidin level. The cohort was comprised of 40 adults with @entity4 . Median age was 26years, 68% were female, and all had HbSS. Hepcidin values ranged from 30ng/ml to 326ng/ml, with a median of 87ng/ml. Regression tree analysis demonstrated that reticulocyte percentage, @entity3 , ferritin and hs-CRP all were associated with hepcidin. The highest hepcidin values were found in subjects with low reticulocyte percentage and @entity3 . In conclusion, erythropoietic drive, @entity2 status, and @entity1 all contribute to variation in hepcidin level. The strongest contributor is erythropoietic drive. Future studies could determine whether suppression of erythropoiesis with chronic transfusion influences hepcidin level.

title: Erythropoietic drive is the strongest predictor of hepcidin level in adults with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: This paper describes a convenient and rapid fluorescence sensor for determination of @entity3 (PA) based on @entity1 -capped @entity5 @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The methodology enabled the use of a simple synthesis procedure for water solubilization of @entity5 @entity2 via a fast route using @entity1 as a capping agent within 15 min. The resulting water-soluble @entity2 exhibit a strong fluorescence emission at 536 nm with high and reproducible photostability. PA is an important class of electron acceptors for @entity2 . Thus, the fluorescence intensity of the @entity1 -capped @entity5 @entity2 probe could be dramatically quenched by PA due to the electron transfer mechanism. The fluorescence intensity of the @entity5 @entity2 system was proportional to PA concentration in the range of 0.025 to 1.5  g mL(-1), with a detection limit of 0.01  g mL(-1). The time of analysis sample, including preparation of @entity2 and fluorescent measurement for PA, was only 20 min. Most of the potentially coexisting substances did not interfere with the PA-induced quenching effect except @entity4 . Furthermore, the analytical applicability of the proposed method was demonstrated by analyzing PA in water, @entity0 and cabbage samples, and the recoveries were between 86 and 105% which satisfied the requirement of detection for PA. These results showed that the proposed method was simple in design and fast in operation, and could be used as a sensitive tool for detecting PA in environmental and agricultural samples.

title: Facile Synthesis of @entity1 -capped @entity5 Quantum Dots as a Fluorescence Sensor for Rapid Detection and Quantification of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This paper describes a convenient and rapid fluorescence sensor for determination of @entity3 (PA) based on @entity1 -capped @entity5 @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The methodology enabled the use of a simple synthesis procedure for water solubilization of @entity5 @entity2 via a fast route using @entity1 as a capping agent within 15 min. The resulting water-soluble @entity2 exhibit a strong fluorescence emission at 536 nm with high and reproducible photostability. PA is an important class of electron acceptors for @entity2 . Thus, the fluorescence intensity of the @entity1 -capped @entity5 @entity2 probe could be dramatically quenched by PA due to the electron transfer mechanism. The fluorescence intensity of the @entity5 @entity2 system was proportional to PA concentration in the range of 0.025 to 1.5  g mL(-1), with a detection limit of 0.01  g mL(-1). The time of analysis sample, including preparation of @entity2 and fluorescent measurement for PA, was only 20 min. Most of the potentially coexisting substances did not interfere with the PA-induced quenching effect except @entity4 . Furthermore, the analytical applicability of the proposed method was demonstrated by analyzing PA in water, @entity0 and cabbage samples, and the recoveries were between 86 and 105% which satisfied the requirement of detection for PA. These results showed that the proposed method was simple in design and fast in operation, and could be used as a sensitive tool for detecting PA in environmental and agricultural samples.

title: Facile Synthesis of XXXX -capped @entity5 Quantum Dots as a Fluorescence Sensor for Rapid Detection and Quantification of @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This paper describes a convenient and rapid fluorescence sensor for determination of @entity3 (PA) based on @entity1 -capped @entity5 @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The methodology enabled the use of a simple synthesis procedure for water solubilization of @entity5 @entity2 via a fast route using @entity1 as a capping agent within 15 min. The resulting water-soluble @entity2 exhibit a strong fluorescence emission at 536 nm with high and reproducible photostability. PA is an important class of electron acceptors for @entity2 . Thus, the fluorescence intensity of the @entity1 -capped @entity5 @entity2 probe could be dramatically quenched by PA due to the electron transfer mechanism. The fluorescence intensity of the @entity5 @entity2 system was proportional to PA concentration in the range of 0.025 to 1.5  g mL(-1), with a detection limit of 0.01  g mL(-1). The time of analysis sample, including preparation of @entity2 and fluorescent measurement for PA, was only 20 min. Most of the potentially coexisting substances did not interfere with the PA-induced quenching effect except @entity4 . Furthermore, the analytical applicability of the proposed method was demonstrated by analyzing PA in water, @entity0 and cabbage samples, and the recoveries were between 86 and 105% which satisfied the requirement of detection for PA. These results showed that the proposed method was simple in design and fast in operation, and could be used as a sensitive tool for detecting PA in environmental and agricultural samples.

title: Facile Synthesis of @entity1 -capped XXXX Quantum Dots as a Fluorescence Sensor for Rapid Detection and Quantification of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: We studied the effects of GH administration on myocardial structure and function in 20 @entity0 with @entity5 (14 males and 6 females; mean +/- SE age, 47.2 +/- 2.6 yr; range, 31-59 yr) developed in adulthood because of @entity3 . All @entity0 had @entity4 ( @entity4 ), as assessed by a GH response of less than 4 micrograms/L to a standard insulin tolerance test (0.05 U kg, iv) and the combined @entity6 (120 mg, orally, at -60 min) plus @entity7 (1 microgram/kg, iv, at 0 min) test. @entity0 received either placebo (n = 10) or GH substitution therapy (n = 10; 0.05 U/kg.day GH for 1 yr; 0.03 U/kg.day during the first month). M- and B-mode echocardiography and pulsed Doppler examination of transmitral flow were performed before treatment, 6 months and 1 yr after starting GH or placebo administration, and 15 days and 3 months after GH or placebo withdrawal. Twenty healthy subjects, matched for age, sex, body mass index, and physical activity, served as controls. Left ventricular dimensions, mass, and systolic function were normal in @entity0 with adult-onset @entity4 ; however, diastolic function, specifically E wave deceleration time, was altered. GH administration markedly increased left ventricular performance and reversed @entity2 at 6 and even more so at 12 months. On the other hand, a clear increase in left ventricular mass was seen after 12, but not after 6, months of GH administration (P < 0.01 vs. pretreatment values). In addition, although all changes induced by GH treatment disappeared within 3 months after GH withdrawal, at that time the increase in left ventricular mass was still detectable (P < 0.05 vs. pretreatment values). These data indicate that augmented left ventricular contractility is not strictly related to cardiac muscle growth, supporting the hypothesis that GH treatment increases the inotropic activity of myocardial fibers. In conclusion, GH treatment enhances cardiac function, increases cardiac mass, and reverses @entity2 in adults with @entity5 and @entity4 . However, long term studies are required to demonstrate that GH replacement therapy reduces @entity1 rate in these @entity0 .

title: Cardiac performance and mass in adults with XXXX : effects of one year of growth hormone treatment.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The number of @entity2 -resistant enterococci (ARE) was noted to be increased at our teaching hospital. To determine the risk factors for acquiring this organism and to compare clinical outcomes, over a 5-month period 38 @entity0 infected or colonized with ARE were compared with 76 @entity0 , infected or colonized with @entity2 -susceptible enterococci (ASE). Risk factors included nosocomial acquisition, duration of hospitalization, admission to a medical service, prior antimicrobial therapy, and combination therapy for at least 7 days. The mortality rate of @entity0 infected or colonized with ARE was higher than that of @entity0 infected or colonized with ASE (34 versus 14%; P = 0.03), but most deaths did not appear to be related to @entity1 . Over a 2-year period, 16 @entity0 with ARE @entity3 were also compared with 23 @entity0 with @entity3 . The risk factors associated with ARE @entity3 also included nosocomial acquisition, duration of hospitalization, and prior antimicrobial therapy. The mortality of @entity0 with ARE @entity3 was also higher than that of @entity0 with @entity3 (81 versus 30%; P = 0.003), with most deaths being due to the underlying disease or a complication of it. Typing of ARE isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that two genotypes predominated in our institution. A prolonged hospital stay, exposure to multiple antimicrobial agents, and perhaps nosocomial transmission are important factors in acquiring ARE. The presence of ARE may also be a marker for poor outcome.

title: Risk factors for acquiring XXXX -resistant enterococci and clinical outcomes at a Canadian tertiary-care hospital.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Unicompartmental knee replacement is an attractive concept that offers several potential advantages over bicompartmental or tricompartmental replacement, including preservation of bone stock, of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, of the patellofemoral joint, and of the normal opposite compartment. Of our first 100 consecutive knees that had unicompartmental arthroplasty for @entity5 and were followed for two to six years (average, three and one-half years), eighty-eight were medial and twelve were lateral replacements. The ages of the @entity0 at the time of operation ranged from forty-six to eighty-five years, with an average age of seventy-one years. At follow-up, @entity3 relief was good to excellent in 92 per cent of the knees. The average amount of flexion was 114 degrees (range, 90 to 140 degrees); one-half of the knees had at least 120 degrees of flexion. The average flexion contracture was 1 degree. There were no infections and no peroneal palsies. At the time of writing, three failures had required revision. Radiolucent lines at the bone-cement interface were present around 8 per cent of the femoral components and 27 per cent of the tibial components. Two femoral components subsided in @entity1 @entity0 . There was no tibial loosening in the series. The most common complications, per anserinus @entity6 , occurred in 12 per cent of the knees and was treated satisfactorily by injection of local anesthetics and @entity4 . Surgical technique must be precise to prevent subluxation of the tibia on the femur due to either improper positioning of the components or too tight a fit (too much pressure) between them. We view unicompartmental replacement as an attractive alternative for the treatment of unicompartmental @entity5 in elderly @entity0 . However, we are strong advocates of proximal tibial osteotomy for unicompartmental @entity5 associated with a @entity2 in selected @entity0 .

title: Unicondylar unicompartmental replacement for XXXX of the knee.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Susceptibility testing of @entity7 and @entity8 is medium and inoculum dependent. Seven oral agents, @entity2 , @entity0 - @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity11 , @entity9 , @entity6 , and @entity4 , were tested against 400 beta-lactamase-positive and -negative clinically significant respiratory strains of @entity7 and 100 strains of @entity8 . Sources of the strains included teaching and regional hospitals and a private laboratory. All strains were tested by broth microdilution and disk diffusion in haemophilus test medium for @entity7 and agar for @entity8 . Appropriate National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) standards were followed. For @entity7 , by disk diffusion and broth microdilution, respectively, 27 and 27% of strains were resistant to @entity2 , 37 and 5% were resistant to @entity4 , 3 and 0.5% were resistant to @entity5 , 2 and 0.5% were resistant to loracarbef, and 0% were resistant to @entity9 , @entity6 , and @entity10 . beta-Lactamase-negative @entity2 -resistant strains were not observed. Of @entity8 strains, 56% were resistant to @entity2 by disk diffusion and 95% were resistant by broth microdilution. This species was susceptible to all other agents tested by either method. The disagreements between disk diffusion results and MICs for @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity3 , and loracarbef that occurred with use of the 1990 NCCLS tables were resolved when the 1992 NCCLS tables were used.

title: Disk diffusion versus broth microdilution susceptibility testing of XXXX and @entity8 using seven oral antimicrobial agents: application of updated susceptibility guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Susceptibility testing of @entity7 and @entity8 is medium and inoculum dependent. Seven oral agents, @entity2 , @entity0 - @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity11 , @entity9 , @entity6 , and @entity4 , were tested against 400 beta-lactamase-positive and -negative clinically significant respiratory strains of @entity7 and 100 strains of @entity8 . Sources of the strains included teaching and regional hospitals and a private laboratory. All strains were tested by broth microdilution and disk diffusion in haemophilus test medium for @entity7 and agar for @entity8 . Appropriate National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) standards were followed. For @entity7 , by disk diffusion and broth microdilution, respectively, 27 and 27% of strains were resistant to @entity2 , 37 and 5% were resistant to @entity4 , 3 and 0.5% were resistant to @entity5 , 2 and 0.5% were resistant to loracarbef, and 0% were resistant to @entity9 , @entity6 , and @entity10 . beta-Lactamase-negative @entity2 -resistant strains were not observed. Of @entity8 strains, 56% were resistant to @entity2 by disk diffusion and 95% were resistant by broth microdilution. This species was susceptible to all other agents tested by either method. The disagreements between disk diffusion results and MICs for @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity3 , and loracarbef that occurred with use of the 1990 NCCLS tables were resolved when the 1992 NCCLS tables were used.

title: Disk diffusion versus broth microdilution susceptibility testing of @entity7 and XXXX using seven oral antimicrobial agents: application of updated susceptibility guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells were genetically modified to secrete high levels of @entity0 nerve growth factor (BHK-hNGF). Following polymer encapsulation, these cells were implanted into the lateral ventricle of four @entity8 immediately following a unilateral transection/aspiration of the fornix. Three control monkeys received identical implants, with the exception that the BHK cells were not genetically modified to secrete hNGF and thus differed only by the hNGF construct. One monkey received a fornix transection only. All monkeys displayed complete transections of the fornix as revealed by a comprehensive loss of acetylcholinesterase-containing fibers within the hippocampus @entity1 . Control monkeys that were either unimplanted or received BHK-control (non-NGF secreting) cell implants did not differ from each other and displayed extensive losses of @entity5 acetyltransferase and p75 NGF receptor ( @entity9 )-immunoreactive neurons within the @entity7 ( @entity7 ; 53 and 54%, respectively) and vertical limb of the diagonal band (VLDB; 21 and 30%, respectively) @entity1 . In contrast, monkeys receiving implants of BHK-hNGF cells exhibited a only a modest loss of cholinergic neurons within the septum (19 and 20%, respectively) and VLDB (7%). Furthermore, only implants of hNGF-secreting cells induced a dense sprouting of cholinergic fibers within the septum, which ramified against the ependymal lining of the ventricle adjacent to the transplant site. Examination of the capsules retreived from monkeys just prior to their death revealed an abundance of cells that produced detectable levels of hNGF in a sufficient concentration to differentiate PC12A cells in culture. These findings support the use of polymer-encapsulated cell therapy as a potential treatment for @entity2 such as @entity3 where @entity4 is a consistent pathological feature. Moreover, this encapsulated xenogeneic system may provide therapeutically effective levels of a number of @entity6 , alone or in combination, to select populations of neurons within the central nervous system.

title: Implants of polymer-encapsulated XXXX NGF-secreting cells in the nonhuman primate: rescue and sprouting of degenerating cholinergic basal forebrain neurons.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) is the only viral protein expressed in all @entity5 -positive @entity0 as it is essential for the maintenance, replication and transcription of the virus genome. According to the polymorphism of residue 487 in EBNA1 gene, @entity5 isolates can be classified into five subtypes: P-ala, P-thr, V-val, V-leu and V-pro. Whether these EBNA1 subtypes contribute to different tissue tropism of @entity5 and are consequently associated with @entity0 remain to be determined. To elucidate the relationship, one hundred and ten @entity5 -positive @entity4 tissues of different types from Northern China, a non- @entity1 endemic area, were tested for the five subtypes by nested-PCR and DNA sequencing. In addition, @entity5 type 1 and type 2 classification was typed by using standard PCR assays across type-specific regions of the EBNA3C genes. Four EBNA1 subtypes were identified: V-val (68.2%, 75/110), P-thrV (15.5%, 17/110), V-leuV (3.6%, 4/110) and P-ala (10.9%, 12/110). The distribution of the EBNA1 subtypes in the four @entity4 groups was not significantly different (p = 0.075), neither was that of the @entity5 type 1/type 2 (p = 0.089). Compared with the previous data of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and throat washing (TW) from healthy donors, the distribution of EBNA1 subtypes in @entity4 differed significantly (p = 0.016), with a little higher frequency of P-ala subtype. The @entity5 type distribution between @entity4 and the other three groups was significantly different (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.001, respectively). The proportion of type 1 and type 2 mixed @entity2 was higher in @entity4 than that in @entity3 , @entity1 and TW. In @entity4 , the distribution of EBNA1 subtypes in the three @entity5 types was not significantly different (p = 0.546). These data suggested that the variation patterns of EBNA1 gene may be geographic-associated rather than @entity0 -specific and the role of EBNA1 gene variations in tumorigenesis needs more extensive and deep explorations.

title: Sequence Variation Analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 1 Gene in the Virus Associated XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the use of brachytherapy (BT) with or without external beam radiation (EBRT) in inoperable stage I @entity2 in the United States and to determine the effect of BT on @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and cause-specific survival (CSS). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Data between 1998 and 2011 from the National @entity1 Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database were analyzed. Coarsened exact matching was used to adjust for differences in age and grade between @entity0 who received BT and those who did not. Prognostic factors affecting @entity3 and CSS were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method and a Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: A total of 460 @entity0 with inoperable stage I @entity2 treated with radiation therapy were identified. Radiation consisted of either EBRT (n=260) or BT with or without EBRT (n=200). The only factor associated with BT use was younger @entity0 age (median age, 72 vs 76  years, P=.001). @entity0 who received BT had a higher 3-year @entity3 (60% vs 47%, P<.001) and CSS (82% vs 74%, P=.032) compared with those who did not. On multivariate analysis, BT use was independently associated with an improved @entity3 (hazard ratio [HR] 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-0.87) and CSS (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.39-0.93). When @entity0 were matched on age, BT use remained significant on multivariate analysis for @entity3 (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.48-0.87) and CSS (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.84). When matched on age and grade, BT remained independently associated with improved @entity3 and CSS ( @entity3 HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46-0.83; CSS HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.92). CONCLUSION: Brachytherapy is independently associated with improved @entity3 and CSS. It should be considered as part of the treatment regimen for stage I inoperable @entity2 @entity0 undergoing radiation.

title: Brachytherapy Is Associated With Improved Survival in Inoperable Stage I XXXX : A Population-Based Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess leucocyte doubling time (LDT) in relation to progression-free survival in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). In addition, to define the impact of a second LDT in both untreated and treated @entity0 . DESIGN: Retrospective study of LDT in previously untreated @entity0 with @entity1 . SUBJECTS AND SETTING: Sixty @entity0 diagnosed over a 13-year period at a county hospital. In forty-five of the 60 @entity0 , an LDT could be defined. These @entity0 were included in the final analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: LDT below and above 12 months, progression-free and overall survival. RESULTS: @entity0 in Binet stages B and C had a median LDT of 4 months as compared to 26 months in stage A @entity0 (P < 0.01). The projected progression-free survival at 3 years was 24% in @entity0 with an LDT of < 12 months. The corresponding figure for the remaining @entity0 was 68% (P < 0.01). The overall 5-year survival did not differ significantly between @entity0 with an LDT below and above 12 months, respectively. In seven untreated @entity0 , a second LDT could be calculated which was shorter than the first recorded LDT. A second LDT was also identified in five @entity0 post treatment that was consistently shorter than their first LDT. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of LDT is a simple complement in predicting progression-free survival in @entity0 with @entity1 . Thus, monitoring of LDT may add to the clinical evaluation and therapeutic decision making for the many elderly @entity0 with this often indolent disease.

title: Leucocyte doubling time is a useful predictor of progression-free survival in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The significance of @entity2 in the surgical pullthrough segment of bowel in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has not yet been clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the ganglionated proximal bowel in 26 @entity0 with @entity5 (January 1988 through January 1991). The significance of @entity2 and their influence on post operative outcome were evaluated by means of a newly devised histological scoring system based on the morphological features. Functional outcome was assessed clinically at follow-up interview. Comparison was with control specimens from 22 @entity0 undergoing unrelated bowel surgery and a further 5 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Results indicated a wide spectrum of histologically identified @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 , the ganglionated bowel of @entity5 and controls. Although individual abnormal features were noted in the control group, significant degrees of @entity4 were absent. The overall degree of @entity4 was less striking than that observed in @entity3 and in the 5 @entity0 in whom @entity3 co-existed with @entity5 . @entity4 of the ENS in residual bowel could be correlated with @entity1 in 4 out of 5 @entity0 (80%) with @entity5 and features of co-existing @entity3 . In addition, milder symptoms were noted in 50% of @entity0 having a borderline score (5-6/12). This study emphasizes the relationship between clinical obstructive symptoms and a high degree of @entity4 within the ENS. A histological grading system is of value in evaluating the spectrum of abnormal findings and prospectively identifying those with functional significance in @entity0 with @entity3 co-existing with @entity5 .

title: A histological grading system for the evaluation of co-existing @entity3 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The significance of @entity2 in the surgical pullthrough segment of bowel in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has not yet been clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the ganglionated proximal bowel in 26 @entity0 with @entity5 (January 1988 through January 1991). The significance of @entity2 and their influence on post operative outcome were evaluated by means of a newly devised histological scoring system based on the morphological features. Functional outcome was assessed clinically at follow-up interview. Comparison was with control specimens from 22 @entity0 undergoing unrelated bowel surgery and a further 5 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Results indicated a wide spectrum of histologically identified @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 , the ganglionated bowel of @entity5 and controls. Although individual abnormal features were noted in the control group, significant degrees of @entity4 were absent. The overall degree of @entity4 was less striking than that observed in @entity3 and in the 5 @entity0 in whom @entity3 co-existed with @entity5 . @entity4 of the ENS in residual bowel could be correlated with @entity1 in 4 out of 5 @entity0 (80%) with @entity5 and features of co-existing @entity3 . In addition, milder symptoms were noted in 50% of @entity0 having a borderline score (5-6/12). This study emphasizes the relationship between clinical obstructive symptoms and a high degree of @entity4 within the ENS. A histological grading system is of value in evaluating the spectrum of abnormal findings and prospectively identifying those with functional significance in @entity0 with @entity3 co-existing with @entity5 .

title: A histological grading system for the evaluation of co-existing XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The results of surgery for @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in 536 @entity0 treated between 1962 and 1993 are presented. Before 1985, @entity0 underwent an abdominoperineal pullthrough for high and intermediate type of @entity6 , whereas @entity4 or perineoproctoplasty were performed in low type. Since 1985, we have changed our policy and performed a modified posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) for intermediate type of @entity6 , eventually combined with an abdominal mobilization for high type. Perineoproctoplasty was reserved for low type of @entity6 . Data of 143 @entity0 of Group 1 and 85 @entity0 of Group 2 were available for follow-up. Continence was compared using a clinical score. Good or fair continence was found in 82% of @entity0 operated on before 1985 (low type 85% good, 15% fair, intermediate type 17% good, 50% fair, high type 12% good, 37% fair), comparing to 93% in @entity0 treated after 1985 according to the new regimen (low type 88% good, 6% fair, intermediate type 59% good, 35% fair, high type 43% good, 47% fair). Liquid stools and inability to retain bowel contents were the main problem in the older series, whereas @entity2 could often be attributed to constipation with overflow @entity2 in the recently treated group of @entity0 . Analysis of the innervation of @entity1 and distal rectal pouch in a prospective study comprising 40 of our most recent @entity0 showed normal innervation in only 5% of @entity0 , whereas 66% had @entity3 ( @entity3 ) including @entity5 , @entity7 and hypoganglionosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Results in the treatment of XXXX with special regard to the histology of the rectal pouch.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare quality of life after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and open cholecystectomy for symptomatic @entity1 . DESIGN: Randomised study. SETTING: University hospital, The Netherlands. SUBJECTS: 49 @entity0 , 23 of whom were randomized to undergo ESWL and 26 to undergo open cholecystectomy. INTERVENTIONS: Health questionnaires were filled out before, and at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Improvements of quality of life after one year. RESULTS: Both treatments improved quality of life. Open cholecystectomy improved quality of life significantly better than ESWL (median percentage gains in Nottingham Health Profile scores at 1 year 17.1 and 10.5, respectively, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Open cholecystectomy is superior to ESWL in improving quality of life, so cholecystectomy remains the treatment of choice for symptomatic @entity1 . For @entity0 who are unfit or unwilling to undergo operation, however, ESWL is adequate because most @entity0 have some benefit from it in terms of quality of life.

title: Quality of life after treatment of XXXX : results of a randomised study of lithotripsy and open cholecystectomy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have determined the incidence of @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity8 . The material comprised 212 @entity0 , 128 @entity0 and 84 @entity0 , aged 9-74 years. In 58 @entity0 @entity2 and in six @entity0 other @entity1 were diagnosed. In the remaining 148 @entity0 the auto-immune mechanism was the most probable cause of @entity6 . In order to evaluate the @entity3 seen in @entity0 with @entity8 the T3, T4 (RIA), TSH (ELISA) and anti-thyroid autoantibodies were determined apart from routine clinical examination. Antimicrosomal, anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies were measured in 91, 188 and 81 cases respectively. @entity7 was diagnosed in 17 and @entity4 in 18 cases. Moreover, eight @entity0 had evidence of @entity4 . The anti-thyroglobulin antibodies with titer ranging from 1:80 to 1:10,000 were detected in 66 patients, whereas antimicrosomal antibodies were found in 51 @entity0 at a titer ranging from 1:80 to 1:9720. Autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase were found in sera of 67 @entity0 , with titer ranging from 1:2000 to 1:25,6000.

title: High prevalence of XXXX in idiopathic @entity8 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: We have determined the incidence of @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity8 . The material comprised 212 @entity0 , 128 @entity0 and 84 @entity0 , aged 9-74 years. In 58 @entity0 @entity2 and in six @entity0 other @entity1 were diagnosed. In the remaining 148 @entity0 the auto-immune mechanism was the most probable cause of @entity6 . In order to evaluate the @entity3 seen in @entity0 with @entity8 the T3, T4 (RIA), TSH (ELISA) and anti-thyroid autoantibodies were determined apart from routine clinical examination. Antimicrosomal, anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies were measured in 91, 188 and 81 cases respectively. @entity7 was diagnosed in 17 and @entity4 in 18 cases. Moreover, eight @entity0 had evidence of @entity4 . The anti-thyroglobulin antibodies with titer ranging from 1:80 to 1:10,000 were detected in 66 patients, whereas antimicrosomal antibodies were found in 51 @entity0 at a titer ranging from 1:80 to 1:9720. Autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase were found in sera of 67 @entity0 , with titer ranging from 1:2000 to 1:25,6000.

title: High prevalence of @entity5 in idiopathic XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Obesity has been shown to be an indicator of poor prognosis for @entity1 with primary @entity0 . The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of @entity4 on Chinese @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 1699 @entity0 @entity1 . We evaluated the effect of body mass index (BMI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in these @entity1 . BMI was obtained before surgery. Obesity was defined as a BMI >=  24. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log rank test were employed to perform survival analysis. The impact of different characteristics on survival was assessed by using Cox proportional-hazards regression model. RESULTS: In total 635 (37.4%) @entity1 were @entity4 , while 1 064 (62.6%) were @entity4 . Comparing the @entity3 characteristics in the two groups, the BMI >=  24 group showed a higher rate of older age (P < 0.001), postmenopausal status (P < 0.001), increased risk of lymph node @entity2 (P = 0.001) and less chances of accepting breast conservation surgery (P = 0.012). The median follow-up time was 16 months, and the estimated 16-months DFS was 98.1% for @entity4 and 95.0% for @entity4 @entity1 (P = 0.007), the estimated 16-months @entity5 was 99.4% for @entity4 and 98.4% for @entity4 @entity1 (P = 0.004). The multivariate analysis indicated that @entity4 is an independent prognostic factor for @entity5 and DFS in @entity0 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that @entity4 is associated with a poorer outcome in Chinese female @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: [Effect of body mass index on disease-free and @entity5 in Chinese @entity1 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Obesity has been shown to be an indicator of poor prognosis for @entity1 with primary @entity0 . The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of @entity4 on Chinese @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 1699 @entity0 @entity1 . We evaluated the effect of body mass index (BMI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in these @entity1 . BMI was obtained before surgery. Obesity was defined as a BMI >=  24. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log rank test were employed to perform survival analysis. The impact of different characteristics on survival was assessed by using Cox proportional-hazards regression model. RESULTS: In total 635 (37.4%) @entity1 were @entity4 , while 1 064 (62.6%) were @entity4 . Comparing the @entity3 characteristics in the two groups, the BMI >=  24 group showed a higher rate of older age (P < 0.001), postmenopausal status (P < 0.001), increased risk of lymph node @entity2 (P = 0.001) and less chances of accepting breast conservation surgery (P = 0.012). The median follow-up time was 16 months, and the estimated 16-months DFS was 98.1% for @entity4 and 95.0% for @entity4 @entity1 (P = 0.007), the estimated 16-months @entity5 was 99.4% for @entity4 and 98.4% for @entity4 @entity1 (P = 0.004). The multivariate analysis indicated that @entity4 is an independent prognostic factor for @entity5 and DFS in @entity0 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that @entity4 is associated with a poorer outcome in Chinese female @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: [Effect of body mass index on disease-free and XXXX in Chinese @entity1 with @entity0 ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Obesity has been shown to be an indicator of poor prognosis for @entity1 with primary @entity0 . The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of @entity4 on Chinese @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 1699 @entity0 @entity1 . We evaluated the effect of body mass index (BMI) on disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in these @entity1 . BMI was obtained before surgery. Obesity was defined as a BMI >=  24. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log rank test were employed to perform survival analysis. The impact of different characteristics on survival was assessed by using Cox proportional-hazards regression model. RESULTS: In total 635 (37.4%) @entity1 were @entity4 , while 1 064 (62.6%) were @entity4 . Comparing the @entity3 characteristics in the two groups, the BMI >=  24 group showed a higher rate of older age (P < 0.001), postmenopausal status (P < 0.001), increased risk of lymph node @entity2 (P = 0.001) and less chances of accepting breast conservation surgery (P = 0.012). The median follow-up time was 16 months, and the estimated 16-months DFS was 98.1% for @entity4 and 95.0% for @entity4 @entity1 (P = 0.007), the estimated 16-months @entity5 was 99.4% for @entity4 and 98.4% for @entity4 @entity1 (P = 0.004). The multivariate analysis indicated that @entity4 is an independent prognostic factor for @entity5 and DFS in @entity0 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that @entity4 is associated with a poorer outcome in Chinese female @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: [Effect of body mass index on disease-free and @entity5 in Chinese XXXX with @entity0 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The surgical treatment of acute @entity3 remains a great challenge to all cardiac surgeons. From January 1991 to June 1993, 21 consecutive @entity0 (13 @entity0 and eight @entity0 , aged 34 to 74 years) underwent emergency operations to repair acute @entity3 , with the aid of hypothermic @entity2 . The intima tear was located in the ascending aorta in 13 @entity0 , in the aortic arch in five @entity0 , and in the descending aorta in three @entity0 . The dissected ascending aorta was replaced with sutureless, intraluminal vascular grafts in all 21 @entity0 . The intima tears in the aortic arch of five @entity0 were primarily repaired. Modified Cabrol's shunts were created in seven @entity0 for hemostasis, and Dacron grafts were used to wrap the ascending aorta in 18 @entity0 . Retrograde cerebral perfusion during @entity2 was performed on 15 @entity0 . The @entity2 time was 37 +/- 10 minutes (mean +/- SD). All @entity0 survived the operation and regained consciousness in the early postoperative period without @entity1 . Post-treatment follow-ups (mean, 18.2 months) were completed in all @entity0 except one, who died 12 months after the operation as a result of a traffic accident. All of the surviving @entity0 are doing well without any further aortic operations. Our experience suggests that surgical repair of the acute @entity3 can be a simple and safe procedure if sutureless intraluminal grafts are used and hypothermic @entity2 and retrograde cerebral perfusion are utilized.

title: Surgical treatment of acute XXXX with an intraluminal sutureless graft.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of @entity4 are associated with the development of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Their impact for @entity3 in the field of @entity5 was investigated. One control cohort of 115 @entity0 with @entity5 without @entity2 and another case cohort of 198 @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity3 were enrolled. Genotyping at the -174 ( @entity7 ) and -572 positions of @entity4 ( @entity6 ) was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Circulating @entity4 was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. The GG genotype of @entity6 was more frequent among cases (78.3  %) than controls (62.6  %). No difference in the genotype frequencies of @entity7 between cases and controls were found. Odds ratio for @entity3 was 2.07 (95%CI 1.24-3.44, p   =   0.005) with the GG genotype of @entity6 , which was confirmed by logistic regression analysis taking into consideration the presence of chronic comorbidities. All-cause mortality until day 28 was similar between @entity0 with the GG genotype and the GC/CC genotypes of @entity6 , but death caused from cardiovascular events not-related with @entity2 was more frequent with the GG genotype (14.6  % vs 2.4  %, p   =   0.031). Circulating @entity4 was greater among @entity0 of the GC/CC genotypes of @entity6 and multiple organ dysfunction (p   =   0.013). The GG genotype of @entity6 predisposes to @entity3 in @entity5 and to 28-day mortality by @entity3 -unrelated @entity1 .

title: -572 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of @entity4 and XXXX predisposition in @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of @entity4 are associated with the development of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Their impact for @entity3 in the field of @entity5 was investigated. One control cohort of 115 @entity0 with @entity5 without @entity2 and another case cohort of 198 @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity3 were enrolled. Genotyping at the -174 ( @entity7 ) and -572 positions of @entity4 ( @entity6 ) was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Circulating @entity4 was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. The GG genotype of @entity6 was more frequent among cases (78.3  %) than controls (62.6  %). No difference in the genotype frequencies of @entity7 between cases and controls were found. Odds ratio for @entity3 was 2.07 (95%CI 1.24-3.44, p   =   0.005) with the GG genotype of @entity6 , which was confirmed by logistic regression analysis taking into consideration the presence of chronic comorbidities. All-cause mortality until day 28 was similar between @entity0 with the GG genotype and the GC/CC genotypes of @entity6 , but death caused from cardiovascular events not-related with @entity2 was more frequent with the GG genotype (14.6  % vs 2.4  %, p   =   0.031). Circulating @entity4 was greater among @entity0 of the GC/CC genotypes of @entity6 and multiple organ dysfunction (p   =   0.013). The GG genotype of @entity6 predisposes to @entity3 in @entity5 and to 28-day mortality by @entity3 -unrelated @entity1 .

title: -572 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of XXXX and @entity3 predisposition in @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of @entity4 are associated with the development of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Their impact for @entity3 in the field of @entity5 was investigated. One control cohort of 115 @entity0 with @entity5 without @entity2 and another case cohort of 198 @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity3 were enrolled. Genotyping at the -174 ( @entity7 ) and -572 positions of @entity4 ( @entity6 ) was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Circulating @entity4 was measured by an enzyme immunoassay. The GG genotype of @entity6 was more frequent among cases (78.3  %) than controls (62.6  %). No difference in the genotype frequencies of @entity7 between cases and controls were found. Odds ratio for @entity3 was 2.07 (95%CI 1.24-3.44, p   =   0.005) with the GG genotype of @entity6 , which was confirmed by logistic regression analysis taking into consideration the presence of chronic comorbidities. All-cause mortality until day 28 was similar between @entity0 with the GG genotype and the GC/CC genotypes of @entity6 , but death caused from cardiovascular events not-related with @entity2 was more frequent with the GG genotype (14.6  % vs 2.4  %, p   =   0.031). Circulating @entity4 was greater among @entity0 of the GC/CC genotypes of @entity6 and multiple organ dysfunction (p   =   0.013). The GG genotype of @entity6 predisposes to @entity3 in @entity5 and to 28-day mortality by @entity3 -unrelated @entity1 .

title: -572 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of @entity4 and @entity3 predisposition in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 frequently occurs during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), although its direct effects on cerebral perfusion and metabolism are not known. Using a @entity1 model of hypothermic CPB, we tested whether @entity6 alters cerebral blood flow and metabolism and cerebral energy charge. METHODS: Twenty anesthetized @entity1 were randomized into @entity4 (n = 10) and normoglycemic (n = 10) groups. The @entity4 group received an infusion of D50W, and the normoglycemic animals received an equal volume of 0.9% @entity5 . Both groups underwent 120 min of hypothermic (28 degrees C) CPB using membrane oxygenators, followed by rewarming and termination of CPB. Cerebral blood flow (radioactive microspheres) and the cerebral metabolic rate for @entity0 were measured intermittently during the experiment and brain tissue metabolites were obtained after bypass. RESULTS: Before CPB, the @entity2 -treated animals had higher serum @entity2 levels (534 +/- 12 mg/dL; mean +/- SE) than controls (103 +/- 4 mg/dL; P < 0.05), and this difference was maintained throughout the study. Cerebral blood flow and metabolism did not differ between groups at any time during the experiment. @entity8 was comparable between groups throughout CPB. Tissue high-energy @entity7 and water contents were similar after CPB, although cerebral @entity3 levels were greater in @entity4 (37.2 +/- 5.7 mumol/g) than normoglycemic animals (19.7 +/- 3.7 mumol/g; P < 0.05). After CPB, pH values of cerebrospinal fluid for normoglycemic (7.33 +/- 0.01) and @entity4 (7.34 +/- 0.01) groups were similar. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 during CPB significantly increases cerebral @entity3 levels without adversely affecting cerebral blood flow and metabolism, cerebrospinal fluid pH, or cerebral energy charge.

title: XXXX during hypothermic @entity1 cardiopulmonary bypass increases cerebral @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 frequently occurs during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), although its direct effects on cerebral perfusion and metabolism are not known. Using a @entity1 model of hypothermic CPB, we tested whether @entity6 alters cerebral blood flow and metabolism and cerebral energy charge. METHODS: Twenty anesthetized @entity1 were randomized into @entity4 (n = 10) and normoglycemic (n = 10) groups. The @entity4 group received an infusion of D50W, and the normoglycemic animals received an equal volume of 0.9% @entity5 . Both groups underwent 120 min of hypothermic (28 degrees C) CPB using membrane oxygenators, followed by rewarming and termination of CPB. Cerebral blood flow (radioactive microspheres) and the cerebral metabolic rate for @entity0 were measured intermittently during the experiment and brain tissue metabolites were obtained after bypass. RESULTS: Before CPB, the @entity2 -treated animals had higher serum @entity2 levels (534 +/- 12 mg/dL; mean +/- SE) than controls (103 +/- 4 mg/dL; P < 0.05), and this difference was maintained throughout the study. Cerebral blood flow and metabolism did not differ between groups at any time during the experiment. @entity8 was comparable between groups throughout CPB. Tissue high-energy @entity7 and water contents were similar after CPB, although cerebral @entity3 levels were greater in @entity4 (37.2 +/- 5.7 mumol/g) than normoglycemic animals (19.7 +/- 3.7 mumol/g; P < 0.05). After CPB, pH values of cerebrospinal fluid for normoglycemic (7.33 +/- 0.01) and @entity4 (7.34 +/- 0.01) groups were similar. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 during CPB significantly increases cerebral @entity3 levels without adversely affecting cerebral blood flow and metabolism, cerebrospinal fluid pH, or cerebral energy charge.

title: @entity6 during hypothermic @entity1 cardiopulmonary bypass increases cerebral XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 frequently occurs during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), although its direct effects on cerebral perfusion and metabolism are not known. Using a @entity1 model of hypothermic CPB, we tested whether @entity6 alters cerebral blood flow and metabolism and cerebral energy charge. METHODS: Twenty anesthetized @entity1 were randomized into @entity4 (n = 10) and normoglycemic (n = 10) groups. The @entity4 group received an infusion of D50W, and the normoglycemic animals received an equal volume of 0.9% @entity5 . Both groups underwent 120 min of hypothermic (28 degrees C) CPB using membrane oxygenators, followed by rewarming and termination of CPB. Cerebral blood flow (radioactive microspheres) and the cerebral metabolic rate for @entity0 were measured intermittently during the experiment and brain tissue metabolites were obtained after bypass. RESULTS: Before CPB, the @entity2 -treated animals had higher serum @entity2 levels (534 +/- 12 mg/dL; mean +/- SE) than controls (103 +/- 4 mg/dL; P < 0.05), and this difference was maintained throughout the study. Cerebral blood flow and metabolism did not differ between groups at any time during the experiment. @entity8 was comparable between groups throughout CPB. Tissue high-energy @entity7 and water contents were similar after CPB, although cerebral @entity3 levels were greater in @entity4 (37.2 +/- 5.7 mumol/g) than normoglycemic animals (19.7 +/- 3.7 mumol/g; P < 0.05). After CPB, pH values of cerebrospinal fluid for normoglycemic (7.33 +/- 0.01) and @entity4 (7.34 +/- 0.01) groups were similar. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 during CPB significantly increases cerebral @entity3 levels without adversely affecting cerebral blood flow and metabolism, cerebrospinal fluid pH, or cerebral energy charge.

title: @entity6 during hypothermic XXXX cardiopulmonary bypass increases cerebral @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The purposes of the present study were to classify the palliative care population (PCP) in a comprehensive @entity2 centre by using information on antineoplastic treatment options and to analyse associations between socio-demographic factors, @entity2 diagnoses, treatment characteristics and receiving specialist palliative care (SPC). METHODS: This is a cross-sectional screening study of @entity1 with @entity2 in the Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital for 6  months. @entity1 were assessed to be included in the DOMUS study: a randomised controlled trial of accelerated transition to SPC at home (NCT01885637). The PCP was classified as @entity1 with incurable @entity2 and limited or no antineoplastic treatment options. @entity1 with performance status 2-4 were further classified as the essential palliative care population (EPCP). RESULTS: During the study period, 3717 @entity1 with @entity2 were assessed. The PCP comprised 513 @entity1 yielding a prevalence of 14  %. The EPCP comprised 256 @entity1 (7  %). The EPCP was older, more likely inpatients, had a higher comorbidity burden and 38  % received SPC. @entity1 , @entity1 without caregivers and @entity1 with @entity0 were more likely to receive SPC. CONCLUSIONS: By using objective criteria from clinical data and systematic screening, the observed prevalence of the PCP of 14  % may be generalisable to comprehensive @entity2 centres with similar composition of @entity2 diagnoses.

title: Classification of a palliative care population in a comprehensive XXXX centre.

answer: @entity2