abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is one of the most common @entity2 ; however, its pathophysiology is still unclear. Certain polymorphisms of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) genes may lead to changes in the bioactivity of this hormone. We aimed to investigate possible associations between polymorphisms in the @entity4 and @entity5 genes and @entity3 among Egyptian @entity0 . We also aimed to shed light on the impact of these polymorphisms on LH level, hormonal, and metabolic features of @entity3 . A case-control study included unrelated 210 @entity0 with @entity3 and 200 healthy controls, and they were stratified according to their body mass index into two subgroups: lean and @entity1 . Polymorphisms of @entity4 @entity6 and @entity5 [ @entity7 , and ins18LQ] genes were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results revealed that @entity4 @entity8 GA genotype and A allele, @entity5 @entity7 GA, AA genotypes, or A allele were significantly associated with @entity3 risk, while the @entity5 ins18LQ polymorphism was not. Additionally, there is a synergism between @entity4 @entity8 minor A and minor A allele of @entity5 @entity7 or minor ins allele of @entity5 ins18LQ and susceptibility to @entity3 . When we stratified @entity3 @entity0 or controls into @entity1 and lean subjects, we found that @entity4 @entity6 GA genotype and A allele being more frequent in the @entity1 group when compared with lean @entity0 with @entity3 [The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were 5.6 (1.30-24.56) and 5.15 (1.21-21.90), respectively, P   =   0.01, for each group.] These results suggested that @entity4 @entity8 and @entity5 @entity7 genes polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of @entity3 in Egyptian @entity0 especially in @entity1 cases. There was a synergism between @entity4 @entity8 minor A allele and of @entity5 @entity7 minor A or minor ins alleles of @entity5 ins18LQ and @entity3 risk.    2015 IUBMB Life, 2015.

title: Association between genes encoding components of the Leutinizing hormone/Luteinizing hormone-choriogonadotrophin receptor pathway and XXXX in Egyptian @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is one of the most common @entity2 ; however, its pathophysiology is still unclear. Certain polymorphisms of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) genes may lead to changes in the bioactivity of this hormone. We aimed to investigate possible associations between polymorphisms in the @entity4 and @entity5 genes and @entity3 among Egyptian @entity0 . We also aimed to shed light on the impact of these polymorphisms on LH level, hormonal, and metabolic features of @entity3 . A case-control study included unrelated 210 @entity0 with @entity3 and 200 healthy controls, and they were stratified according to their body mass index into two subgroups: lean and @entity1 . Polymorphisms of @entity4 @entity6 and @entity5 [ @entity7 , and ins18LQ] genes were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Our results revealed that @entity4 @entity8 GA genotype and A allele, @entity5 @entity7 GA, AA genotypes, or A allele were significantly associated with @entity3 risk, while the @entity5 ins18LQ polymorphism was not. Additionally, there is a synergism between @entity4 @entity8 minor A and minor A allele of @entity5 @entity7 or minor ins allele of @entity5 ins18LQ and susceptibility to @entity3 . When we stratified @entity3 @entity0 or controls into @entity1 and lean subjects, we found that @entity4 @entity6 GA genotype and A allele being more frequent in the @entity1 group when compared with lean @entity0 with @entity3 [The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were 5.6 (1.30-24.56) and 5.15 (1.21-21.90), respectively, P   =   0.01, for each group.] These results suggested that @entity4 @entity8 and @entity5 @entity7 genes polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of @entity3 in Egyptian @entity0 especially in @entity1 cases. There was a synergism between @entity4 @entity8 minor A allele and of @entity5 @entity7 minor A or minor ins alleles of @entity5 ins18LQ and @entity3 risk.    2015 IUBMB Life, 2015.

title: Association between genes encoding components of the Leutinizing hormone/Luteinizing hormone-choriogonadotrophin receptor pathway and @entity3 in Egyptian XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We aimed to explore molecular mechanism and drug candidates of vascular @entity1 associated with melphalan after treating @entity0 retinal endothelial cells (RECs). GSE34381 microarray data was firstly downloaded and used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in @entity0 REC treated with melphalan vs. untreated cells by limma package in R language. The transcription network was constructed based on TRANSFAC database and the top five transcription factors (TFs) were select with a measure of regulatory impact factor, followed by the construction of function modules. Gene ontology enrichment analyses were performed to explore the enriched functions. Connectivity Map analysis was conducted to predict the potential drugs overcoming the melphalan's actions on REC. Totally, 75 DEGs were identified, including 70 up-regulated and five down-regulated genes. Transcription network with 1311 nodes and 1875 edges was constructed and the top five TFs were @entity6 , MYC, @entity8 , @entity4 , and @entity3 . Functional modules indicated that @entity4 and MYC were the important nodes. The upregulated genes as well as the genes involved in the modules mainly participated in biological process of immune response, cell proliferation, and cell motion. Five small molecules were predicted to be potential drug candidates, including @entity2 , @entity9 , @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity10 . Based on these results, we speculate that @entity4 and MYC might involve in the molecular mechanism of @entity1 induced by melphalan through regulating their target genes. Five small molecules might be drug candidates to overcome the melphalan-induced @entity1 via targeting to MYC and @entity3 .

title: In search of underlying mechanisms and potential drugs of melphalan-induced XXXX through retinal endothelial cells using bioinformatics approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pathway databases are becoming increasingly important and almost omnipresent in most types of biological and translational research. However, little is known about the quality and completeness of pathways stored in these databases. The present study conducts a comprehensive assessment of transcriptional regulatory pathways in @entity0 for seven well-studied transcription factors: MYC, @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity3 , AR, @entity5 , and @entity6 . The employed benchmarking methodology first involves integrating genome-wide binding with functional gene expression data to derive direct targets of transcription factors. Then the lists of experimentally obtained direct targets are compared with relevant lists of transcriptional targets from 10 commonly used pathway databases. RESULTS: The results of this study show that for the majority of pathway databases, the overlap between experimentally obtained target genes and targets reported in transcriptional regulatory pathway databases is surprisingly small and often is not statistically significant. The only exception is MetaCore pathway database which yields statistically significant intersection with experimental results in 84% cases. Additionally, we suggest that the lists of experimentally derived direct targets obtained in this study can be used to reveal new biological insight in transcriptional regulation and suggest novel putative therapeutic targets in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Our study opens a debate on validity of using many popular pathway databases to obtain transcriptional regulatory targets. We conclude that the choice of pathway databases should be informed by solid scientific evidence and rigorous empirical evaluation. REVIEWERS: This article was reviewed by Prof. Wing Hung Wong, Dr. Thiago Motta Venancio (nominated by Dr. L Aravind), and Prof. Geoff J McLachlan.

title: Assessing quality and completeness of XXXX transcriptional regulatory pathways on a genome-wide scale.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this prospective birth cohort study was to evaluate the effect of the interdisciplinary preventive programme (PP) for @entity4 caries in 3-year-old @entity0 in Germany. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From July 2009 to October 2010, all parents of newborns (n  =  1162) were visited after birth by the communal newborn visiting service of Jena, Thuringia, and advised on general and dental health. In the first year of life, @entity0 were invited to a dental examination in Jena University Hospital. Participating @entity0 were included in a risk-related recall system with continuous oral care over 3  years. Caries-risk assessment tool of the AAPD was used for risk categorizing. High-risk @entity0 received @entity2 varnish biannual. In 2013, the total birth cohort ( @entity0 and non- @entity0 ) was invited to evaluate the PP. @entity3 was scored using WHO diagnostic criteria expanded to d1-level without radiography. Data were analysed statistically (multivariate logistic regression). RESULTS: Seven hundred fifty-five @entity0 (mean age 3.26      0.51  years) were examined. @entity0 in the PP (n  =  377) showed significantly lower caries prevalence and experience than non- @entity0 (15.6 vs. 37.8  %, 0.9      3.3 d1-4mfs vs. 2.6      5.2 d1-4mfs). Lack of @entity1 supplements (OR  =  1.9, CI 0.99-3.51), familial caries experience (OR  =  2.2, CI 1.27-3.73) and visible plaque on teeth (OR  =  6.5, CI 4.41-9.43) were significant risk factors for caries development, whereas regular dental care (OR  =  0.5, CI 0.38-0.79) had a protective effect. CONCLUSIONS: The PP was an effective interdisciplinary approach for preventing @entity4 caries in small @entity0 . CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Early dental visits with caries-risk-related preventive dental care are necessary to prevent @entity4 caries (ECC). TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00003438, https://drks-neu.uniklinik-freiburg.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML_TRIAL_ID=DRKS00003438.

title: Evaluation of an interdisciplinary preventive programme for XXXX caries: findings of a regional German birth cohort study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 in trials evaluating preventive interventions such as screening are on average healthier than the general population. To decrease this 'healthy volunteer effect' (HVE) @entity0 were randomly invited from population registers to participate in the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of @entity2 Screening (UKCTOCS) and not allowed to self refer. This report assesses the extent of the HVE still prevalent in UKCTOCS and considers how certain shortfalls in mortality and incidence can be related to differences in socioeconomic status. METHODS: Between 2001 and 2005, 202 638 postmenopausal @entity0 joined the trial out of 1 243 312 @entity0 randomly invited from local health authority registers. The cohort was flagged for @entity3 and @entity1 registrations and mean follow up at censoring was 5.55 years for mortality, and 2.58 years for @entity1 incidence. Overall and cause-specific Standardised Mortality Ratios (SMRs) and Standardised Incidence Ratios (SIRs) were calculated based on national mortality (2005) and @entity1 incidence (2006) statistics. The Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD 2007) was used to assess the link between socioeconomic status and mortality/ @entity1 incidence, and differences between the invited and recruited populations. RESULTS: The @entity4 for all trial @entity0 was 37%. By subgroup, the SMRs were higher for: younger age groups, extremes of BMI distribution and with each increasing year in trial. There was a clear trend between lower socioeconomic status and increased mortality but less pronounced with incidence. While the invited population had higher mean IMD scores (more deprived) than the national average, those who joined the trial were less deprived. CONCLUSIONS: Recruitment to screening trials through invitation from population registers does not prevent a pronounced HVE on mortality. The impact on @entity1 incidence is much smaller. Similar shortfalls can be expected in other screening RCTs and it maybe prudent to use the various mortality and incidence rates presented as guides for calculating event rates and power in RCTs involving @entity0 .

title: Impact on mortality and XXXX incidence rates of using random invitation from population registers for recruitment to trials.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We aimed to evaluate dendritic cell (DC) @entity2 vaccines for preventing @entity3 recurrence and @entity1 . DCs were induced from mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood with recombinant @entity0 @entity7 (rhGM-CSF) and recombinant @entity0 @entity8 (rhIL-4), followed by sensitization with lysis of autologous @entity3 cells. One hundred and sixty @entity0 with @entity4 were randomly divided into two groups of 80. One group was treated postoperatively with six cycles of the DC @entity2 vaccine. The other group was treated postoperatively with six cycles of FOLFOX 6, beginning 1 week after surgery. After treatment with DC @entity2 vaccines, the levels of CD3+, @entity5 +, and @entity6 +, the ratio of @entity5 + to @entity6 + DC, and the serum levels of IL-12 and IFN-y were significantly increased both in comparison to the pre-treatment levels (P < 0.001) and to the chemotherapy group (P < 0.001). After a postoperative follow-up of 18 months, the metastatic recurrence rate in the DC @entity2 vaccine group was significantly lower than that in the chemotherapy group (17.50 vs 48.75%, P < 0.005), and the survival rate of the @entity0 in the DC @entity2 vaccine group was higher than that of the chemotherapy treatment group (86.25 vs 52.50%, P < 0.005). Treatment with DC @entity2 vaccines was safe and feasible. It can enhance the immunity of the @entity0 , reduce the rates of @entity1 and recurrence, and improve survival rates. This is a promising treatment for the prevention of postoperative recurrence in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Clinical research on dendritic cell vaccines to prevent postoperative recurrence and XXXX of @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We aimed to evaluate dendritic cell (DC) @entity2 vaccines for preventing @entity3 recurrence and @entity1 . DCs were induced from mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood with recombinant @entity0 @entity7 (rhGM-CSF) and recombinant @entity0 @entity8 (rhIL-4), followed by sensitization with lysis of autologous @entity3 cells. One hundred and sixty @entity0 with @entity4 were randomly divided into two groups of 80. One group was treated postoperatively with six cycles of the DC @entity2 vaccine. The other group was treated postoperatively with six cycles of FOLFOX 6, beginning 1 week after surgery. After treatment with DC @entity2 vaccines, the levels of CD3+, @entity5 +, and @entity6 +, the ratio of @entity5 + to @entity6 + DC, and the serum levels of IL-12 and IFN-y were significantly increased both in comparison to the pre-treatment levels (P < 0.001) and to the chemotherapy group (P < 0.001). After a postoperative follow-up of 18 months, the metastatic recurrence rate in the DC @entity2 vaccine group was significantly lower than that in the chemotherapy group (17.50 vs 48.75%, P < 0.005), and the survival rate of the @entity0 in the DC @entity2 vaccine group was higher than that of the chemotherapy treatment group (86.25 vs 52.50%, P < 0.005). Treatment with DC @entity2 vaccines was safe and feasible. It can enhance the immunity of the @entity0 , reduce the rates of @entity1 and recurrence, and improve survival rates. This is a promising treatment for the prevention of postoperative recurrence in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Clinical research on dendritic cell vaccines to prevent postoperative recurrence and @entity1 of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study was purposed to explore the effects of Tanreqing injection on the biologic activities of @entity0 acute @entity4 cell line Molt4 in vitro and its mechanism. Tanreqing injection was proportionally diluted and divided into 9 groups of different concentrations, including 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, 1:32, 1:64, 1:128, 1:256 and 1:512. Molt4 cells were treated with those different concentrations of Tanreqing injection, and the cell growth status at various time points of different concentrations was observed under microscope. CCK-8 assay was employed to detect ability of cell proliferation, growth curve was drawn, the inhibition ratio and 50% inhibiting concentration (IC(50)) were calculated. Flow cytometry with PI and PI/ @entity5 double stainings were used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis of Molt4 cells after the treatment of Tanreqing injection respectively. @entity2 and @entity3 mRNA expression of Molt4 cells were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that Tanreqing injection displayed an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Molt4 cell line. In 1:2, 1:4, 1:8 and 1:16 concentration groups, great @entity1 was observed and numerous cells were dead. The inhibitory effect of Tanreqing injection was dose-dependent. IC(50) was 1:142 dilution concentration. In the 1:32 concentration group, S phase cell quantity remarkably decreased (p < 0.05) and apoptosis rate significantly increased (p < 0.05) at 72 hours after Tanreqing injection treatment. Simultaneously, @entity2 mRNA expression increased and @entity3 mRNA expressions was downregulated (p < 0.05). It is concluded that the Tanreqing injection has an inhibitory effect on Molt4 cell proliferation and promotes its apoptosis. These biological effects of Tanreqing injection are partly related to cell reduction in S phase, downregulation of @entity3 gene and upregulation of @entity2 .

title: [Inhibitory effect of Tanreqing injection on proliferation of XXXX cell line Molt4 in vitro and its mechanism].

answer: @entity4


abstract: This study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of @entity0 with @entity7 combined with @entity9 ( @entity9 ). The clinical characteristics and pathologic patterns of 6 @entity0 with @entity9 who concurrently suffered from @entity7 were analysed retrospectively from aspects of clinical course, pathologic features, and therapy. Treatment outcomes for @entity7 and @entity9 were observed. The results showed that 6 @entity0 included 4 females and 2 males, range in age from 28 to 65 years with a median age of 56 years. The @entity7 are @entity14 ( @entity14 , 2 cases), @entity4 ( @entity4 , 2 cases), @entity3 ( @entity3 , 1 case) and @entity2 ( @entity2 , 1 case). The @entity9 located not only in the lymph node (n = 3) but also in extranodal sites (n = 3). Histologically, 3 cases were @entity8 ( @entity8 ), 2 cases were extranodal nasal NK/ @entity6 (ENKL) and 1 case was @entity11 , not otherwise specified. Based on @entity10 , @entity13 and @entity15 expression patterns, all 3 @entity8 were classified as non-GC subtype. EBER positive @entity1 cells were detected in 2 case of ENKL. 5 @entity0 achieved a complete remission (83%) and 1 @entity0 was primary drug-resistant after @entity12 chemotherapy or involved radiotherapy. Median survival from the time of @entity5 diagnosis was 3 years. 1 @entity0 showed clinical improvement of the @entity14 symptoms, 2 @entity0 ( @entity2 and @entity3 ) showed stable state of disease and 2 @entity0 with @entity4 and 1 @entity0 with @entity14 needed continuing treatment for their @entity7 after chemotherapy for @entity9 . It is concluded that the development of @entity9 is one of the most serious complications in @entity0 with @entity7 . There is an increased frequency of non-GC subtype @entity8 . @entity12 combined with or without radiotherapy proves to be effective for @entity7 @entity0 with aggressive @entity9 but ineffective for concurrent @entity7 .

title: [Clinic-pathologic characteristics of XXXX combined with @entity9 ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: This study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of @entity0 with @entity7 combined with @entity9 ( @entity9 ). The clinical characteristics and pathologic patterns of 6 @entity0 with @entity9 who concurrently suffered from @entity7 were analysed retrospectively from aspects of clinical course, pathologic features, and therapy. Treatment outcomes for @entity7 and @entity9 were observed. The results showed that 6 @entity0 included 4 females and 2 males, range in age from 28 to 65 years with a median age of 56 years. The @entity7 are @entity14 ( @entity14 , 2 cases), @entity4 ( @entity4 , 2 cases), @entity3 ( @entity3 , 1 case) and @entity2 ( @entity2 , 1 case). The @entity9 located not only in the lymph node (n = 3) but also in extranodal sites (n = 3). Histologically, 3 cases were @entity8 ( @entity8 ), 2 cases were extranodal nasal NK/ @entity6 (ENKL) and 1 case was @entity11 , not otherwise specified. Based on @entity10 , @entity13 and @entity15 expression patterns, all 3 @entity8 were classified as non-GC subtype. EBER positive @entity1 cells were detected in 2 case of ENKL. 5 @entity0 achieved a complete remission (83%) and 1 @entity0 was primary drug-resistant after @entity12 chemotherapy or involved radiotherapy. Median survival from the time of @entity5 diagnosis was 3 years. 1 @entity0 showed clinical improvement of the @entity14 symptoms, 2 @entity0 ( @entity2 and @entity3 ) showed stable state of disease and 2 @entity0 with @entity4 and 1 @entity0 with @entity14 needed continuing treatment for their @entity7 after chemotherapy for @entity9 . It is concluded that the development of @entity9 is one of the most serious complications in @entity0 with @entity7 . There is an increased frequency of non-GC subtype @entity8 . @entity12 combined with or without radiotherapy proves to be effective for @entity7 @entity0 with aggressive @entity9 but ineffective for concurrent @entity7 .

title: [Clinic-pathologic characteristics of @entity7 combined with XXXX ].

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: To help establish consensus on the safe use of contrast media in Japan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Questionnaires were sent to accredited teaching hospitals with radiology residency programs. RESULTS: The reply rate was 45.4  % (329/724). For @entity1 ( @entity1 ), chronic and acute @entity1 were considered a risk factor in 96.7 and 93.6  %, respectively, and dehydration in 73.9  %. As preventive actions, intravenous hydration (89.1  %) and reduction of iodinated contrast media dose (86.9  %) were commonly performed. For @entity3 were considered risk factors in 98.5 and 90.6  %, respectively, but use of unstable @entity4 -based contrast media was considered a risk factor in only 55.6  %. A renal function test was always (63.5  % in iodinated; 65.7  % in @entity4 ) or almost always (23.1; 19.8  %) performed, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was the parameter most frequently used (80.8; 82.6  %). For the @entity0 with risk factors for acute adverse reaction (AAR), @entity2 premedication or/and change of contrast medium were frequent preventive actions, but intravenous @entity2 administration immediately before contrast media use was still performed. CONCLUSION: Our questionnaire survey revealed that preventive actions against @entity1 were properly performed based on @entity0 ' eGFR. Preventive actions against NSF and AAR still lacked consensus.

title: Safe use of iodinated and XXXX -based contrast media in current practice in Japan: a questionnaire survey.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Clinical @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is accompanied by comorbid peripheral injury in 47% of @entity0 . @entity0 and animal modeling data have shown that painful @entity6 undermine long-term recovery of locomotion through unknown mechanisms. Peripheral nociceptive stimuli induce maladaptive synaptic plasticity in dorsal horn sensory systems through @entity2 receptor (AMPAR) phosphorylation and trafficking to synapses. Here we test whether ventral horn motor neurons in @entity1 demonstrate similar experience-dependent maladaptive plasticity below a complete @entity5 in vivo. Quantitative biochemistry demonstrated that @entity9 ( @entity9 ) rapidly and selectively increases AMPAR subunit @entity7 @entity4 831 phosphorylation and localization to synapses in the injured spinal cord, while reducing synaptic @entity8 . These changes predict motor dysfunction in the absence of cell death signaling, suggesting an opportunity for therapeutic reversal. Automated confocal time-course analysis of lumbar ventral horn motor neurons confirmed a time-dependent increase in synaptic @entity7 with concurrent decrease in synaptic @entity8 . Optical fractionation of neuronal plasma membranes revealed @entity8 removal from extrasynaptic sites on motor neurons early after @entity9 followed by removal from synapses 2 h later. As @entity8 -lacking AMPARs are canonical @entity3 -permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs), their stimulus- and time-dependent insertion provides a therapeutic target for limiting @entity3 -dependent dynamic maladaptive plasticity after @entity5 . Confirming this, a selective CP-AMPAR antagonist protected against @entity9 -induced maladaptive spinal plasticity, restoring adaptive motor responses on a sensorimotor spinal training task. These findings highlight the critical involvement of AMPARs in experience-dependent spinal cord plasticity after injury and provide a pharmacologically targetable synaptic mechanism by which early postinjury experience shapes motor plasticity.

title: XXXX Receptor Phosphorylation and Synaptic Colocalization on Motor Neurons Drive Maladaptive Plasticity below Complete @entity5 (1,2,3).

answer: @entity2


abstract: Clinical @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is accompanied by comorbid peripheral injury in 47% of @entity0 . @entity0 and animal modeling data have shown that painful @entity6 undermine long-term recovery of locomotion through unknown mechanisms. Peripheral nociceptive stimuli induce maladaptive synaptic plasticity in dorsal horn sensory systems through @entity2 receptor (AMPAR) phosphorylation and trafficking to synapses. Here we test whether ventral horn motor neurons in @entity1 demonstrate similar experience-dependent maladaptive plasticity below a complete @entity5 in vivo. Quantitative biochemistry demonstrated that @entity9 ( @entity9 ) rapidly and selectively increases AMPAR subunit @entity7 @entity4 831 phosphorylation and localization to synapses in the injured spinal cord, while reducing synaptic @entity8 . These changes predict motor dysfunction in the absence of cell death signaling, suggesting an opportunity for therapeutic reversal. Automated confocal time-course analysis of lumbar ventral horn motor neurons confirmed a time-dependent increase in synaptic @entity7 with concurrent decrease in synaptic @entity8 . Optical fractionation of neuronal plasma membranes revealed @entity8 removal from extrasynaptic sites on motor neurons early after @entity9 followed by removal from synapses 2 h later. As @entity8 -lacking AMPARs are canonical @entity3 -permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs), their stimulus- and time-dependent insertion provides a therapeutic target for limiting @entity3 -dependent dynamic maladaptive plasticity after @entity5 . Confirming this, a selective CP-AMPAR antagonist protected against @entity9 -induced maladaptive spinal plasticity, restoring adaptive motor responses on a sensorimotor spinal training task. These findings highlight the critical involvement of AMPARs in experience-dependent spinal cord plasticity after injury and provide a pharmacologically targetable synaptic mechanism by which early postinjury experience shapes motor plasticity.

title: @entity2 Receptor Phosphorylation and Synaptic Colocalization on Motor Neurons Drive Maladaptive Plasticity below Complete XXXX (1,2,3).

answer: @entity5


abstract: Computed tomography (CT) is used extensively in @entity1 diagnosis, staging, evaluation of response to treatment, and in active surveillance for @entity1 reoccurrence. A review of CT technology is provided, at a level of detail appropriate for a busy clinician to review. The basis of x-ray CT dosimetry is also discussed, and concepts of absorbed dose and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are distinguished. Absorbed dose is a physical quantity (measured in milligray [mGy]) equal to the x-ray energy deposited in a mass of tissue, whereas @entity4 uses an organ-specific weighting method that converts organ doses to @entity4 measured in millisieverts ( @entity3 ). The organ weighting values carry with them a measure of radiation risk, and so @entity4 (in @entity3 ) is not a physical dose metric but rather is one that conveys radiation risk. The use of CT in a @entity1 surveillance protocol was used as an example of a pediatric @entity0 who had @entity2 , with surgery and radiation therapy. The active use of CT for @entity1 surveillance along with diagnostic CT scans led to a total of 50 CT scans performed on this @entity0 in a 7-year period. It was estimated that the @entity0 received an average organ dose of 431 mGy from these CT scans. By comparison, the radiation therapy was performed and delivered 50.4 Gy to the @entity0 's abdomen. Thus, the total dose from CT represented only 0.8% of the @entity0 's radiation dose.

title: @entity1 surveillance using serial computed tomography: evaluation of organ absorbed dose and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Computed tomography (CT) is used extensively in @entity1 diagnosis, staging, evaluation of response to treatment, and in active surveillance for @entity1 reoccurrence. A review of CT technology is provided, at a level of detail appropriate for a busy clinician to review. The basis of x-ray CT dosimetry is also discussed, and concepts of absorbed dose and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are distinguished. Absorbed dose is a physical quantity (measured in milligray [mGy]) equal to the x-ray energy deposited in a mass of tissue, whereas @entity4 uses an organ-specific weighting method that converts organ doses to @entity4 measured in millisieverts ( @entity3 ). The organ weighting values carry with them a measure of radiation risk, and so @entity4 (in @entity3 ) is not a physical dose metric but rather is one that conveys radiation risk. The use of CT in a @entity1 surveillance protocol was used as an example of a pediatric @entity0 who had @entity2 , with surgery and radiation therapy. The active use of CT for @entity1 surveillance along with diagnostic CT scans led to a total of 50 CT scans performed on this @entity0 in a 7-year period. It was estimated that the @entity0 received an average organ dose of 431 mGy from these CT scans. By comparison, the radiation therapy was performed and delivered 50.4 Gy to the @entity0 's abdomen. Thus, the total dose from CT represented only 0.8% of the @entity0 's radiation dose.

title: XXXX surveillance using serial computed tomography: evaluation of organ absorbed dose and @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In April 2009, a new strain of H1N1 influenza virus, referred to as pandemic @entity1 (H1N1) was first detected in @entity0 in the United States, followed by an outbreak in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Soon afterwards, this new virus kept spreading worldwide resulting in a global outbreak. In China, the second Circular of the Ministry of Health pointed out that as of December 31, 2009, the country's 31 provinces had reported 120,000 confirmed cases of H1N1. METHODS: We formulate an @entity2 model of @entity1 based on networks. We calculate the basic reproduction number and study the effects of various immunization schemes. The final size relation is derived for the network @entity2 model. The model parameters are estimated via least-squares fitting of the model solution to the observed data in China. RESULTS: For the network model, we prove that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction is less than one. The final size will depend on the vaccination starting time, T, the number of infective cases at time T and immunization schemes to follow. Our theoretical results are confirmed by numerical simulations. Using the parameter estimates based on the observation data of the cumulative number of hospital notifications, we estimate the basic reproduction number R0 to be 1.6809 in China. CONCLUSIONS: Network modelling supplies a useful tool for studying the transmission of H1N1 in China, capturing the main features of the spread of H1N1. While a uniform, mass-immunization strategy helps control the prevalence, a targeted immunization strategy focusing on specific groups with given connectivity may better control the endemic.

title: Modelling and analysis of XXXX (H1N1) on networks.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 16 male and 28 female @entity0 experiencing moderately severe @entity2 during episodes of @entity8 at least once in 3 months with little or no fever or exacerbations of @entity5 were selected for a cross-over trial of low doses of steriods against saline solution. The @entity0 each completed 4-6 months of treatment. All @entity0 were on regular folates and had high or normal serum-iron values. Weights ranged from 24-134 pounds and ages from 2-35 years. Male @entity0 were randomly assigned to either @entity3 in oil (10 mg in 1 ml) or physiological @entity7 solution (1 ml). Females were randomly assigned to @entity6 in oil (10 mg in 1 ml) or physiological saline solution. A score was computed each month reflecting the severity, duration, and frequency of episodes of @entity2 . About 80% of the individuals on steriods had good responses and about the same proportion of the @entity7 group had very poor responses. 22 of the original 31 @entity0 stopped taking saline injections after the 1 @entity1 weeks. The packed-cell volumes in the @entity4 group rose during the period of @entity4 injections, while there was no appreciable change in the @entity7 group. There were no sex differences in the pattern of response and no deleterious side effects were noted.

title: @entity4 treatment in the prevention of @entity2 episodes in XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: 16 male and 28 female @entity0 experiencing moderately severe @entity2 during episodes of @entity8 at least once in 3 months with little or no fever or exacerbations of @entity5 were selected for a cross-over trial of low doses of steriods against saline solution. The @entity0 each completed 4-6 months of treatment. All @entity0 were on regular folates and had high or normal serum-iron values. Weights ranged from 24-134 pounds and ages from 2-35 years. Male @entity0 were randomly assigned to either @entity3 in oil (10 mg in 1 ml) or physiological @entity7 solution (1 ml). Females were randomly assigned to @entity6 in oil (10 mg in 1 ml) or physiological saline solution. A score was computed each month reflecting the severity, duration, and frequency of episodes of @entity2 . About 80% of the individuals on steriods had good responses and about the same proportion of the @entity7 group had very poor responses. 22 of the original 31 @entity0 stopped taking saline injections after the 1 @entity1 weeks. The packed-cell volumes in the @entity4 group rose during the period of @entity4 injections, while there was no appreciable change in the @entity7 group. There were no sex differences in the pattern of response and no deleterious side effects were noted.

title: @entity4 treatment in the prevention of XXXX episodes in @entity8 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 16 male and 28 female @entity0 experiencing moderately severe @entity2 during episodes of @entity8 at least once in 3 months with little or no fever or exacerbations of @entity5 were selected for a cross-over trial of low doses of steriods against saline solution. The @entity0 each completed 4-6 months of treatment. All @entity0 were on regular folates and had high or normal serum-iron values. Weights ranged from 24-134 pounds and ages from 2-35 years. Male @entity0 were randomly assigned to either @entity3 in oil (10 mg in 1 ml) or physiological @entity7 solution (1 ml). Females were randomly assigned to @entity6 in oil (10 mg in 1 ml) or physiological saline solution. A score was computed each month reflecting the severity, duration, and frequency of episodes of @entity2 . About 80% of the individuals on steriods had good responses and about the same proportion of the @entity7 group had very poor responses. 22 of the original 31 @entity0 stopped taking saline injections after the 1 @entity1 weeks. The packed-cell volumes in the @entity4 group rose during the period of @entity4 injections, while there was no appreciable change in the @entity7 group. There were no sex differences in the pattern of response and no deleterious side effects were noted.

title: XXXX treatment in the prevention of @entity2 episodes in @entity8 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: With the publication of revised draft ICH guidelines (Draft ICH S2), there is scope and potential to establish a combined multi-end point in vivo assay to alleviate the need for multiple in vivo assays, thereby reducing time, cost and use of animals. Presented here are the results of an evaluation trial in which the bone-marrow and peripheral blood (via MicroFlow(  ) flow cytometry) micronucleus tests (looking at potential chromosome breakage and whole chromosome loss) in developing erythrocytes or young reticulocytes were combined with the Comet assay (measuring DNA strand-breakage), in stomach, liver and blood lymphocytes. This allowed a variety of potential target tissues (site of contact, site of metabolism and peripheral distribution) to be assessed for DNA damage. This combination approach was performed with minimal changes to the standard and regulatory recommended sampling times for the stand-alone assays. A series of eight in vivo genotoxins ( @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity1 and @entity3 ), which are known to act via different modes of action (direct- and indirect-acting clastogens, alkylating agents, gene mutagens, cross-linking and aneugenic compounds) were tested. Male @entity0 were dosed at 0, 24 and 45 h, and bone marrow and peripheral blood (micronucleus endpoint), liver, whole blood and stomach (Comet endpoint) were sampled at three hours after the last dose. Comet and micronucleus responses were as expected based on available data for conventional (acute) stand-alone assays. All compounds were detected as genotoxic in at least one of the endpoints. The importance of evaluating both endpoints was highlighted by the uniquely positive responses for certain chemicals ( @entity5 and @entity6 ) with the Comet endpoint and certain other chemicals (carbendazim and @entity3 ) with the micronucleus endpoint. The data generated from these investigations demonstrate the suitability of the multi-endpoint design.

title: Evaluation of a multi-endpoint assay in XXXX , combining the bone-marrow micronucleus test, the Comet assay and the flow-cytometric peripheral blood micronucleus test.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy has been shown in adults to be an effective diagnostic tool for a large number of @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: To characterize our experience with CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy of pediatric @entity3 and determine its utility in diagnosing @entity2 , in a population where such lesions are commonly benign. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2000 to 2009, 61 @entity0 underwent 63 CT-guided percutaneous biopsies. Radiological, pathological and clinical records were reviewed. RESULTS: Fourteen biopsies (22%) were performed on malignant lesions, while 49 biopsies (78%) were performed on benign lesions. Forty-nine of the 63 biopsies (78%) were adequate; these @entity0 underwent no further tissue sampling. Fourteen of the 63 biopsies (22%) were inadequate or non-conclusive. Of these @entity0 , 12 underwent open biopsy. Retrospective analysis of percutaneous biopsies in these @entity0 demonstrates that 9/12 provided clinically relevant information, and 4/12 @entity0 received final diagnoses that confirmed initial core biopsy findings. No @entity1 were diagnosed as benign on percutaneous biopsy. Overall, percutaneous core needle biopsy provided accurate diagnostic information in 84% (53/63) of biopsies. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate that CT-guided percutaneous biopsy is safe and beneficial in @entity0 . This study supports the use of CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy for primary diagnosis of pediatric @entity3 .

title: Accuracy of CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy for assessment of pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity4 ( @entity5 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity9 and allied diagnoses such as @entity4 not otherwise specified are common, complex @entity2 with a significant genetic component. Aetiology is unknown, but both phenotypic characteristics and genetic factors appear to be shared across these disorders, and indeed @entity0 often change between diagnostic categories. Molecular studies have attempted to define genetic risk factors for these disorders, including case-control and family-based candidate gene association studies and linkage analysis of multiply affected nuclear families. These have used both clinical diagnoses and @entity4 -related intermediate phenotypes such as drive-for-thinness or body dissatisfaction. Candidate gene studies have focussed on neurotransmitter and neurodevelopmental systems [e.g. serotonergic, opioid, cannabinoid and dopaminergic receptors, and @entity7 ( @entity7 )], appetite regulatory peptides and their receptors [leptin, ghrelin, @entity10 ( @entity10 ), melanocortin receptors, neuropeptide Y], energy balance systems (e.g. uncoupling proteins), genes implicated in @entity1 (e.g. @entity11 ) and sex hormone systems (e.g. @entity8 receptors), either identified on the basis of their function alone or as positional candidates from linkage analysis. Of these studies, linkage analysis implicates 1p33-36 for @entity5 , 1q31.3 for quantitative behavioural traits related to @entity3 and 10p14 for @entity6 , as well as other behavioural phenotypes across both disorders. Candidate gene association has implicated @entity7 , delta 1 opioid receptor (OPDR1) and @entity10 . More recently, with the advent of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), analysis with microsatellite markers has implicated novel candidate loci for @entity5 at 1q41 and 11q22, and further GWAS results are expected in the near future.

title: The genetics of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several adverse events following immunization (AEFI) have been attributed to immunization with live attenuated measles, mumps, and @entity5 (MMR) vaccines. The MMR vaccine was introduced into the routine @entity0 immunization schedule in 2003, followed by a second dose of vaccine at school-entry for @entity0 4 to 6 years of age. The objective of this study was to characterize adverse reactions following MMR vaccination in Iran. METHODS: @entity0 who received the MMR vaccine and resided in five selected provinces of Iran were examined weekly for four weeks to detect well-known AEFIs that included: @entity6 , @entity2 and @entity3 , @entity3 without @entity2 , @entity1 , and anaphylactic reactions. Incidence of AEFIs were calculated and compared among recipients in both age groups. RESULTS: During the follow-up period, trained providers reported 792 AEFIs. @entity6 was the most frequent event occurring in 1.8% of recipients. Of 14,109 @entity0 vaccinated at 12 months of age the following AEFIs occurred: @entity6 (147), @entity2 and @entity3 (8), @entity3 (7), @entity1 (1), and anaphylactic reactions (1). Of 29,338 @entity0 vaccinated at 4 to 6 years of age, @entity6 , @entity2 and @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity4 occurred in 626, 5, 1, and 1 @entity0 , respectively; no @entity3 without @entity2 were reported in this age group. CONCLUSION: @entity6 is the most frequent AEFI among MMR vaccine recipients in Iran. Incidence rates of AEFIs following MMR vaccination in Iran are similar to rates of AEFIs reported in other studies.

title: Adverse reactions following immunization with MMR vaccine in XXXX at selected provinces of Iran.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECT: @entity1 of the clivus and traumatic diastases of the clival synchondroses are rare in the pediatric population. The incidence, outcome, and biomechanics associated with these @entity1 have been difficult to ascertain secondary to the lack of literature pertaining to their occurrence. METHODS: A Boolean search of the electronic medical record database at the @entity0 's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, was performed to identify @entity0 with @entity1 of the clivus that were diagnosed using CT of the head. A retrospective review of the chart and radiographic imaging was then performed to assess data regarding @entity0 demographics, mechanism of injury, and skull and brain parenchymal injuries, as well as outcomes. RESULTS: Between May 2002 and November 2007, 16 @entity0 with @entity1 of the clivus were identified. The mean age of these @entity0 was 9 years (range 1-16 years). Eleven (68.8%) of the 16 @entity0 had an associated traumatic @entity4 of the central skull base. Five (31.3%) of the 16 @entity0 died. However, of the 11 @entity0 who survived, all had a good outcome with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4 or 5 at the time of discharge. The incidence of @entity1 among @entity0 with @entity2 was 0.33%. CONCLUSIONS: Clival @entity1 occur with a similar incidence in both the pediatric and adult trauma population. Outcome is not correlated directly with the extent of clival @entity1 , but rather with the presenting Glasgow @entity3 Scale score and concomitant brain parenchymal injuries. The identification of traumatic diastases in @entity0 with @entity1 suggests that static loading forces are a significant factor in the biomechanics producing these types of @entity1 .

title: @entity1 of the clivus and traumatic XXXX of the central skull base in the pediatric population.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECT: @entity1 of the clivus and traumatic diastases of the clival synchondroses are rare in the pediatric population. The incidence, outcome, and biomechanics associated with these @entity1 have been difficult to ascertain secondary to the lack of literature pertaining to their occurrence. METHODS: A Boolean search of the electronic medical record database at the @entity0 's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, was performed to identify @entity0 with @entity1 of the clivus that were diagnosed using CT of the head. A retrospective review of the chart and radiographic imaging was then performed to assess data regarding @entity0 demographics, mechanism of injury, and skull and brain parenchymal injuries, as well as outcomes. RESULTS: Between May 2002 and November 2007, 16 @entity0 with @entity1 of the clivus were identified. The mean age of these @entity0 was 9 years (range 1-16 years). Eleven (68.8%) of the 16 @entity0 had an associated traumatic @entity4 of the central skull base. Five (31.3%) of the 16 @entity0 died. However, of the 11 @entity0 who survived, all had a good outcome with a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4 or 5 at the time of discharge. The incidence of @entity1 among @entity0 with @entity2 was 0.33%. CONCLUSIONS: Clival @entity1 occur with a similar incidence in both the pediatric and adult trauma population. Outcome is not correlated directly with the extent of clival @entity1 , but rather with the presenting Glasgow @entity3 Scale score and concomitant brain parenchymal injuries. The identification of traumatic diastases in @entity0 with @entity1 suggests that static loading forces are a significant factor in the biomechanics producing these types of @entity1 .

title: XXXX of the clivus and traumatic @entity4 of the central skull base in the pediatric population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the cutaneous portion of the facial artery in @entity0 and an axial pattern flap based on a branch of this artery. STUDY DESIGN: Ex vivo study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Cat cadavers (n=12). METHODS: The common carotid artery was identified, cannulated, and infused with @entity1 to assist in the identification of the facial artery, which was subsequently cannulated and selectively infused with @entity1 . The main trunk of the artery and its branches were dissected. The extent of blue coloration of the skin was evaluated on the contralateral side of the same specimen after infusing @entity1 into the facial artery. In 4 specimens, the flap was raised along previously defined borders and adequacy of perfusion was evaluated. RESULTS: The area of skin perfused by the facial artery extended from the lower eyelid dorsally, to the angularis oris cranially, and the wing of the atlas caudally. Borders of the skin flap were defined on the basis of the anatomic dissection and skin coloration after selective infusion of the facial artery with @entity1 . A skin flap of 6 cm   3.4 cm, based on the first caudally directed cutaneous branch of the facial artery was shown to be well perfused. The viability of this flap was confirmed in a clinical case. CONCLUSION: The facial artery flap is useful for repair of skin defects of the head in @entity0 .

title: Axial pattern flap based on a cutaneous branch of the facial artery in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) on cranial tibial thrust (CrTT), retropatellar force (RPF), patellar tendon load (PTL), and patellar tendon angle determined by the tibial plateau angle ( @entity1 ( @entity1 ) ) method or common tangent ( @entity1 (CT) ) method in the @entity0 cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL)-deficient stifle joint. STUDY DESIGN: Ex vivo cadaver study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Cadaveric @entity0 hind limbs (n=30). METHODS: Stifle joints were subjected to 3 differing loading conditions using a constrained limb press model (Group 1: 30% body weight axial load at stifle and talocrural joint angles of 135    5   and 145    5  , respectively; Group 2: 30% body weight axial load at stifle and talocrural angles of 145    5   and 135    5  , respectively; and Group 3: 50% body weight axial load at stifle and talocrural joint angles of 135    5   and 145    5  , respectively). The CrCL was transected in situ under load; sensors allowed direct measurement of CrTT, RPF, and PTL. Lateral radiographic projections were used to assess @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity1 (CT) . Descriptive statistics were used to report CrTT (by design this force returned to 0-point values, defined as the neutral point of advancement [NPA]). At the NPA, RPF was compared with baseline using a 2-tailed sign test. PTL within groups were compared using a paired t-test; pair-wise comparisons of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity1 (CT) were performed using a paired t-test. Comparisons between loading conditions were made with a 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Equivalence tests were used to test mean @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity1 (CT) for equivalence to 90  . Significance was set at a P-value of .05. RESULTS: CrTT returned to baseline values, and RPF and PTL at NPA were reduced below baseline values in all specimens in a near linear fashion with TTA. At the NPA, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) > @entity1 (CT) in 2 of the 3 loading conditions, but insufficient evidence to suggest they differed in the third. Mean @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity1 (CT) varied between loading conditions. The threshold for each of the groups evaluated, at which the @entity1 could be significantly different from 90  , was larger for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) than @entity1 (CT) in all groups, as greater variation was observed with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) versus @entity1 (CT) . CONCLUSION: This study further supports the claim that reduction of CrTT occurs after TTA in the @entity2 stifle joint through an alteration of @entity1 . Additionally, RPF and PTL also decrease after TTA. The @entity1 (CT) may be a more precise method of determining @entity1 .

title: Ex vivo biomechanical evaluation of the XXXX cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle with varying angles of stifle joint flexion and axial loads after tibial tuberosity advancement.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: This study investigated the prevalence of @entity3 among non-treatment seeking female students at the College of Nursing Kuwait. It also explored the effects of the disorder on their academic performance as shown by their grade point average and rate of absenteeism at clinical training. BACKGROUND: Many @entity0 worldwide are unaware of this distressing @entity2 which affects about 3-8% of @entity0 of childbearing age. The cyclical mood symptoms often appear during the last week prior to the onset of menstruation. These symptoms interfere with sufferers activities of daily living including occupational, biopsychosocial and sexual activities. DESIGN: A prospective observational study. METHODS: The study used an adapted Arabic version of Daily Record of Severity of Problem for two menstrual cycles to collect data from 110 nursing students. RESULT: Data analysis showed Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the adapted tool was 0  95. The rate of @entity3 was 5  6%. Hypotheses tested showed no significant effect on students' academic performance but a significant association with absenteeism at clinical training. CONCLUSION: The rate obtained in this study was similar to those from recent studies. @entity0 with high luteal scores believe that the condition have lowered their quality of life by making them choose to be in isolation during the period. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nursing students' absenteeism rate at clinical training is a predictor of their work absence pattern after qualification. Absenteeism due to @entity3 , a @entity1 will be of monthly occurrences if sufferers do not sought medical treatment. Registered nurses absenteeism will not only result in shortage of trained nursing personnel, but also lowered standard of client care. It also has cost implications as temporary substitute staff may have to be employed during their period of absence or sick leave. This has implications for nursing management.

title: XXXX : prevalence and effects on nursing students' academic performance and clinical training in Kuwait.

answer: @entity3


abstract: It is hard to discriminate @entity4 ( @entity5 ) from many benign @entity2 . To identify the methylation status of @entity6 gene in @entity5 , the methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR) and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) were applied to detect the @entity5 cell line MUTZ-1, bone marrow of a healthy donor and an @entity3 @entity0 . MS-PCR was also employed to detect the bone marrow of 72 @entity0 with benign @entity2 , 35 @entity1 @entity0 , and 20 @entity5 -like @entity0 . The results showed that @entity5 cell line MUTZ-1 displayed complete methylation of @entity6 promoter without mRNA expression. Inversely, a @entity0 with benign @entity2 and a donor with normal bone marrow showed complete unmethylation of this gene with unaffected mRNA expression. No @entity6 promoter methylation was detected in @entity0 with benign @entity2 , while aberrant hypermethylation of @entity6 gene promoter were found in 48.6% (18/37) of @entity1 @entity0 . The positive rate of @entity6 methylation in @entity1 @entity0 was higher than that in @entity0 with benign @entity2 (p < 0.05). Seven suspected @entity5 @entity0 manifested hypermethylation status of @entity6 gene (7/20), 2 were followed up for 1 year and transformed into @entity5 . It is concluded that relatively high hypermethylation rate of @entity6 promoter is observed in @entity1 , and no methylation in @entity0 with benign @entity2 . Therefore, @entity6 gene hypermethylation may be served as a useful epigenetic marker in the differential diagnosis for @entity5 .

title: [Significance of methylation status of @entity6 gene in differential diagnosis for XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: It is hard to discriminate @entity4 ( @entity5 ) from many benign @entity2 . To identify the methylation status of @entity6 gene in @entity5 , the methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR) and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) were applied to detect the @entity5 cell line MUTZ-1, bone marrow of a healthy donor and an @entity3 @entity0 . MS-PCR was also employed to detect the bone marrow of 72 @entity0 with benign @entity2 , 35 @entity1 @entity0 , and 20 @entity5 -like @entity0 . The results showed that @entity5 cell line MUTZ-1 displayed complete methylation of @entity6 promoter without mRNA expression. Inversely, a @entity0 with benign @entity2 and a donor with normal bone marrow showed complete unmethylation of this gene with unaffected mRNA expression. No @entity6 promoter methylation was detected in @entity0 with benign @entity2 , while aberrant hypermethylation of @entity6 gene promoter were found in 48.6% (18/37) of @entity1 @entity0 . The positive rate of @entity6 methylation in @entity1 @entity0 was higher than that in @entity0 with benign @entity2 (p < 0.05). Seven suspected @entity5 @entity0 manifested hypermethylation status of @entity6 gene (7/20), 2 were followed up for 1 year and transformed into @entity5 . It is concluded that relatively high hypermethylation rate of @entity6 promoter is observed in @entity1 , and no methylation in @entity0 with benign @entity2 . Therefore, @entity6 gene hypermethylation may be served as a useful epigenetic marker in the differential diagnosis for @entity5 .

title: [Significance of methylation status of XXXX gene in differential diagnosis for @entity4 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: A @entity0 in her late sixties had an operation for ascending @entity4 15 months before her current admission. The pathological finding was T3(mod. SE), @entity8 , M0, Stage IV. She had received chemotherapy after her operation. The first-line therapy comprised 15 courses of FOLFOX6 (from 14 to 5 months before admission). Her second-line chemotherapy comprised 6 courses of FOLFOX6+bevacizumab (BV) (from 3 to 2 months before admission). The third-line chemotherapy comprised 3 courses of FOLFIRI+BV (from 40 to 11 days before admission). She developed a high fever and @entity6 3 days before admission. On admission to our hospital, her chest X-ray and CT showed ground-grass opacities in bilateral lung fields. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed a predominance of lymphocytes without any evidence of @entity2 . We diagnosed the @entity0 as a case of @entity3 caused by anticancer drugs. @entity1 therapy was implemented, and her fever, @entity6 , and @entity5 disappeared. @entity1 therapy was stopped 6 months later and subsequently @entity3 did not recur. Judging by the progress seen in this case, we concluded that her @entity3 was due to @entity7 . We continued the chemotherapy for her @entity4 by prescribing S-1, it proved ineffective. The @entity0 died from the @entity4 27 months after her operation.

title: [A case of drug-induced @entity3 associated with chemotherapy (FOLFOX6, FOLFIRI, Bevacizumab) for an advanced XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: A @entity0 in her late sixties had an operation for ascending @entity4 15 months before her current admission. The pathological finding was T3(mod. SE), @entity8 , M0, Stage IV. She had received chemotherapy after her operation. The first-line therapy comprised 15 courses of FOLFOX6 (from 14 to 5 months before admission). Her second-line chemotherapy comprised 6 courses of FOLFOX6+bevacizumab (BV) (from 3 to 2 months before admission). The third-line chemotherapy comprised 3 courses of FOLFIRI+BV (from 40 to 11 days before admission). She developed a high fever and @entity6 3 days before admission. On admission to our hospital, her chest X-ray and CT showed ground-grass opacities in bilateral lung fields. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed a predominance of lymphocytes without any evidence of @entity2 . We diagnosed the @entity0 as a case of @entity3 caused by anticancer drugs. @entity1 therapy was implemented, and her fever, @entity6 , and @entity5 disappeared. @entity1 therapy was stopped 6 months later and subsequently @entity3 did not recur. Judging by the progress seen in this case, we concluded that her @entity3 was due to @entity7 . We continued the chemotherapy for her @entity4 by prescribing S-1, it proved ineffective. The @entity0 died from the @entity4 27 months after her operation.

title: [A case of drug-induced XXXX associated with chemotherapy (FOLFOX6, FOLFIRI, Bevacizumab) for an advanced @entity4 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although animal studies have indicated that general anesthetics may result in widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration and @entity1 in the developing brain, results from @entity0 studies are scarce. We investigated the association between exposure to surgery and anesthesia for @entity2 in infancy and subsequent academic performance. METHODS: Using Danish birth cohorts from 1986-1990, we compared the academic performance of all @entity0 who had undergone @entity2 in infancy to a randomly selected, age-matched 5% population sample. Primary analysis compared average test scores at ninth grade adjusting for sex, birth weight, and paternal and maternal age and education. Secondary analysis compared the proportions of @entity0 not attaining test scores between the two groups. RESULTS: From 1986-1990 in Denmark, 2,689 @entity0 underwent @entity2 in infancy. A randomly selected, age-matched 5% population sample consists of 14,575 individuals. Although the exposure group performed worse than the control group (average score 0.26 lower; 95% CI, 0.21-0.31), after adjusting for known confounders, no statistically significant difference (-0.04; 95% CI, -0.09 to 0.01) between the exposure and control groups could be demonstrated. However, the odds ratio for test score nonattainment associated with @entity2 was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.04-1.35). Excluding from analyses @entity0 with other @entity3 , the difference in mean test scores remained nearly unchanged (0.05; 95% CI, 0.00-0.11). In addition, the increased proportion of test score nonattainment within the exposure group was attenuated (odds ratio = 1.13; 95% CI, 0.98-1.31). CONCLUSION: In the ethnically and socioeconomically homogeneous Danish population, we found no evidence that a single, relatively brief anesthetic exposure in connection with hernia repair in infancy reduced academic performance at age 15 or 16 yr after adjusting for known confounding factors. However, the higher test score nonattainment rate among the hernia group could suggest that a subgroup of these @entity0 are developmentally disadvantaged compared with the background population.

title: Academic performance in adolescence after XXXX in infancy: a nationwide cohort study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endometriosis (EM) is a benign gynecologic disease predominantly found in @entity0 of reproductive age. However, its pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Our experiment was designed to establish a stable and reliable cultural environment for coculture of endometrium and peritoneum, so as to observe the adhesion/invasion ability of endometrium from @entity0 with or without EM. METHODS: Endometria of secretory phase and peritoneum were sampled from 6 @entity0 with endometriois during laparoscopy. Six with @entity2 or simple @entity1 were taken as control. We cocultured endometrium and peritoneum into four groups (endometrium from EM cultured with peritoneum from EM, endometrium from control cultured with peritoneum from control, endometrium from EM cultured with peritoneum from non-EM and the endometrium from control cultured with peritoneum from EM) to observe the adhesion/invasion process in gas-liquid surface culture and in-medium culture. Specimens were collected at 1 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, 6 days and 7 days for histology, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analysis on @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity4 . RESULTS: The gas-liquid surface culture was superior to in-medium culture for the maintenance of tissue morphology and survival of endometrium. @entity5 immunoflurescence demonstrated no remarkable difference in adhesion process between @entity0 with and without EM. @entity4 immunochemistry manifested frequent invasion of endometrial stromal cells from EM @entity0 into peritoneum of up to 3 days culture, while the endometriotic cells from non-EM @entity0 did not invade into peritoneum. CONCLUSIONS: Gas-liquid surface culture is a suitable model for observing the early events in EM lesion formation. Endometrium from @entity0 with EM showed increased invasion capacity during coculture, which might help to explain the etiology of @entity3 .

title: Morphological analysis on adhesion and invasion involved in XXXX with tissue culture.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infantile proximal @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common @entity1 . Approximately 90% - 95% cases of @entity2 result from homozygous deletion of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and 5% cases are caused by compound heterozygous mutation (a @entity3 deletion on one allele and a subtle mutation on the other allele). METHODS: In this research, two unrelated @entity0 were clinically diagnosed according to the criteria of proximal @entity2 . Genetic diagnosis was performed to detect the homozygous deletion of exon 7 of @entity3 by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and genomic sequencing. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis was carried out to measure copy numbers of @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in the @entity0 . Further sequencing of @entity3 allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) and @entity3 clones were also performed to analyze the point mutation of @entity3 gene. Additionally, the pedigree analysis of these two families was carried out to identify the transmission of the mutation. RESULTS: The inconsistent results using PCR-RFLP and genomic sequencing showed homozygous deletion of exon 7 of @entity3 and heterozygous deletion accompanied with a suspicious mutation in @entity3 gene, respectively. MLPA analysis of these two cases exhibited one @entity3 copy deletion. One identical @entity6 ( @entity7 ) mutation was found in two cases by sequencing the @entity3 clones, which confirmed that both cases were @entity2 compound heterozygotes. One case showed partial conversion to form hybrid SMN ( @entity4 I7/ @entity3 E8) identified by clones sequencing and another case carrying 3 @entity4 implied complete conversion from @entity3 to @entity4 . CONCLUSION: @entity7 is more a disease-causing mutation than a polymorphism variation, and @entity0 with this mutation may have more severe phenotypes.

title: Compound heterozygous mutation in two unrelated cases of Chinese XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infantile proximal @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common @entity1 . Approximately 90% - 95% cases of @entity2 result from homozygous deletion of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and 5% cases are caused by compound heterozygous mutation (a @entity3 deletion on one allele and a subtle mutation on the other allele). METHODS: In this research, two unrelated @entity0 were clinically diagnosed according to the criteria of proximal @entity2 . Genetic diagnosis was performed to detect the homozygous deletion of exon 7 of @entity3 by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and genomic sequencing. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis was carried out to measure copy numbers of @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in the @entity0 . Further sequencing of @entity3 allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) and @entity3 clones were also performed to analyze the point mutation of @entity3 gene. Additionally, the pedigree analysis of these two families was carried out to identify the transmission of the mutation. RESULTS: The inconsistent results using PCR-RFLP and genomic sequencing showed homozygous deletion of exon 7 of @entity3 and heterozygous deletion accompanied with a suspicious mutation in @entity3 gene, respectively. MLPA analysis of these two cases exhibited one @entity3 copy deletion. One identical @entity6 ( @entity7 ) mutation was found in two cases by sequencing the @entity3 clones, which confirmed that both cases were @entity2 compound heterozygotes. One case showed partial conversion to form hybrid SMN ( @entity4 I7/ @entity3 E8) identified by clones sequencing and another case carrying 3 @entity4 implied complete conversion from @entity3 to @entity4 . CONCLUSION: @entity7 is more a disease-causing mutation than a polymorphism variation, and @entity0 with this mutation may have more severe phenotypes.

title: Compound heterozygous mutation in two unrelated cases of Chinese @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The cellular localization of a 24,000 (24K) mol wt protein was evaluated by monoclonal antibody immunocytochemistry in @entity6 and persistent proliferative endometrium as well as in various forms of hyperplastic and neoplastic @entity0 endometria. 24K was chiefly located in the cytoplasm of ciliated cells and their precursor forms, clear cells. It was absent in @entity6 , resting, and regressive forms of @entity4 . Persistent proliferative endometria with a low degree of proliferation has occasional 24K immunostained cells, whereas those with active proliferation contained intense 24K immunostaining. A similar pattern characterized the active forms of @entity4 . The immunostaining reaction decreased in adenomatous and @entity5 as well as in well differentiated @entity3 . In poorly differentiated @entity2 , 24K protein was virtually absent. These findings suggest that 24K protein is @entity1 and ciliated cell related, and endometrial ciliogenesis and 24K protein are morphological and biochemical markers, respectively, of the estrogenic endometrial response. Their increase and decrease in hyperplastic and neoplastic endometria support the concept that early @entity4 is highly sensitive to estrogenic stimulation, whereas with increasing architectural and cytologic atypia, the estrogenic response decreases as a reflection of growing cell populations that are independent of estrogenic influence. Immunostaining with 24K is not sensitive enough to discriminate @entity1 -independent cells of @entity5 from those of early, well differentiated @entity3 .

title: The presence of an XXXX -regulated protein detected by monoclonal antibody in abnormal @entity0 endometrium.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The cellular localization of a 24,000 (24K) mol wt protein was evaluated by monoclonal antibody immunocytochemistry in @entity6 and persistent proliferative endometrium as well as in various forms of hyperplastic and neoplastic @entity0 endometria. 24K was chiefly located in the cytoplasm of ciliated cells and their precursor forms, clear cells. It was absent in @entity6 , resting, and regressive forms of @entity4 . Persistent proliferative endometria with a low degree of proliferation has occasional 24K immunostained cells, whereas those with active proliferation contained intense 24K immunostaining. A similar pattern characterized the active forms of @entity4 . The immunostaining reaction decreased in adenomatous and @entity5 as well as in well differentiated @entity3 . In poorly differentiated @entity2 , 24K protein was virtually absent. These findings suggest that 24K protein is @entity1 and ciliated cell related, and endometrial ciliogenesis and 24K protein are morphological and biochemical markers, respectively, of the estrogenic endometrial response. Their increase and decrease in hyperplastic and neoplastic endometria support the concept that early @entity4 is highly sensitive to estrogenic stimulation, whereas with increasing architectural and cytologic atypia, the estrogenic response decreases as a reflection of growing cell populations that are independent of estrogenic influence. Immunostaining with 24K is not sensitive enough to discriminate @entity1 -independent cells of @entity5 from those of early, well differentiated @entity3 .

title: The presence of an @entity1 -regulated protein detected by monoclonal antibody in abnormal XXXX endometrium.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We studied the effects of @entity12 , an @entity10 kinase inhibitor, on @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity0 tissues and cell cultures and in a @entity2 xenograft model of @entity4 . @entity11 levels were assessed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. They were aberrantly expressed in @entity8 and @entity6 cell lines, and in lymph nodes from @entity0 with @entity8 and @entity6 . Next, activation of the @entity10 promoter was detected by reporter gene assays. The promoter activity of @entity10 kinase was high in @entity8 cell lines and the @entity10 promoter contained a positive regulatory region between -74 and -104 from the transcription initiation site. @entity12 -hQPA had antiproliferative effects in the @entity8 and @entity6 cell lines studied; inhibited the phosphorylation of histone H3 and @entity7 proteins, and resulted in cells with > 4N DNA content. @entity12 -hQPA induced caspase-dependent apoptosis of some cell lines, demonstrated by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of @entity9 , followed by activation of @entity3 . This effect was accompanied by the inhibition of survivin expression. In vivo efficacy was determined in NOD/ @entity5 /yc(null) @entity2 implanted with the Ramos @entity0 @entity8 cell line. @entity12 had anti- @entity1 effects in this @entity2 xenograft model. There preclinical data suggest that the inhibition of @entity10 kinase is a potentially useful therapeutic strategy in @entity8 and @entity6 .

title: Effects of @entity12 , a selective @entity10 kinase inhibitor, on Burkitt's and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: We studied the effects of @entity12 , an @entity10 kinase inhibitor, on @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity0 tissues and cell cultures and in a @entity2 xenograft model of @entity4 . @entity11 levels were assessed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. They were aberrantly expressed in @entity8 and @entity6 cell lines, and in lymph nodes from @entity0 with @entity8 and @entity6 . Next, activation of the @entity10 promoter was detected by reporter gene assays. The promoter activity of @entity10 kinase was high in @entity8 cell lines and the @entity10 promoter contained a positive regulatory region between -74 and -104 from the transcription initiation site. @entity12 -hQPA had antiproliferative effects in the @entity8 and @entity6 cell lines studied; inhibited the phosphorylation of histone H3 and @entity7 proteins, and resulted in cells with > 4N DNA content. @entity12 -hQPA induced caspase-dependent apoptosis of some cell lines, demonstrated by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of @entity9 , followed by activation of @entity3 . This effect was accompanied by the inhibition of survivin expression. In vivo efficacy was determined in NOD/ @entity5 /yc(null) @entity2 implanted with the Ramos @entity0 @entity8 cell line. @entity12 had anti- @entity1 effects in this @entity2 xenograft model. There preclinical data suggest that the inhibition of @entity10 kinase is a potentially useful therapeutic strategy in @entity8 and @entity6 .

title: Effects of XXXX , a selective @entity10 kinase inhibitor, on Burkitt's and @entity6 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: We studied the effects of @entity12 , an @entity10 kinase inhibitor, on @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in @entity0 tissues and cell cultures and in a @entity2 xenograft model of @entity4 . @entity11 levels were assessed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. They were aberrantly expressed in @entity8 and @entity6 cell lines, and in lymph nodes from @entity0 with @entity8 and @entity6 . Next, activation of the @entity10 promoter was detected by reporter gene assays. The promoter activity of @entity10 kinase was high in @entity8 cell lines and the @entity10 promoter contained a positive regulatory region between -74 and -104 from the transcription initiation site. @entity12 -hQPA had antiproliferative effects in the @entity8 and @entity6 cell lines studied; inhibited the phosphorylation of histone H3 and @entity7 proteins, and resulted in cells with > 4N DNA content. @entity12 -hQPA induced caspase-dependent apoptosis of some cell lines, demonstrated by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, activation of @entity9 , followed by activation of @entity3 . This effect was accompanied by the inhibition of survivin expression. In vivo efficacy was determined in NOD/ @entity5 /yc(null) @entity2 implanted with the Ramos @entity0 @entity8 cell line. @entity12 had anti- @entity1 effects in this @entity2 xenograft model. There preclinical data suggest that the inhibition of @entity10 kinase is a potentially useful therapeutic strategy in @entity8 and @entity6 .

title: Effects of @entity12 , a selective XXXX kinase inhibitor, on Burkitt's and @entity6 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Defects of the mitochondrial respiratory chain are associated with a diverse spectrum of clinical phenotypes, and may be caused by mutations in either the nuclear or the mitochondrial genome (mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)). Isolated @entity3 is the most common enzyme defect in @entity1 , particularly in @entity0 in whom family history is often consistent with sporadic or autosomal recessive inheritance, implicating a nuclear genetic cause. In contrast, although a number of recurrent, pathogenic mtDNA mutations have been described, historically, these have been perceived as rare causes of paediatric @entity3 . We reviewed the clinical and genetic findings in a large cohort of 109 paediatric @entity0 with isolated @entity3 from 101 families. Pathogenic mtDNA mutations were found in 29 of 101 probands (29%), 21 in @entity4 subunit genes and 8 in mtDNA tRNA genes. Nuclear gene defects were inferred in 38 of 101 (38%) probands based on cell hybrid studies, mtDNA sequencing or mutation analysis (nuclear gene mutations were identified in 22 probands). @entity2 was the most common clinical presentation in both mtDNA and nuclear genetic defects. The median age at onset was higher in mtDNA @entity0 (12 months) than in @entity0 with a nuclear gene defect (3 months). However, considerable overlap existed, with onset varying from 0 to >60 months in both groups. Our findings confirm that pathogenic mtDNA mutations are a significant cause of @entity3 in @entity0 . In the absence of parental consanguinity, we recommend whole mitochondrial genome sequencing as a key approach to elucidate the underlying molecular genetic abnormality.

title: Respiratory chain XXXX caused by mitochondrial DNA mutations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: Inhaled @entity3 has shown evidence of efficacy in @entity1 models of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), case series of @entity0 with @entity9 , and 2 small placebo-controlled trials for treatment of vaso-occlusive @entity2 crisis (VOC). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether inhaled @entity3 gas reduces the duration of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity6 who present to the emergency department or hospital for care. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial for up to 72 hours of inhaled @entity3 gas vs inhaled @entity5 placebo in 150 @entity0 presenting with VOC of @entity6 at 11 centers between October 5, 2004, and December 22, 2008. Intervention Inhaled @entity3 gas vs inhaled @entity5 placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was the time to resolution of @entity2 , defined by (1) freedom from parenteral opioid use for 5 hours; (2) @entity2 relief as assessed by visual analog @entity2 scale scores of 6 cm or lower (on 0-10 scale); (3) ability to walk; and (4) @entity0 's and family's decision, with physician consensus, that the remaining @entity2 could be managed at home. RESULTS: There was no significant change in the primary end point between the @entity3 and placebo groups, with a median time to resolution of crisis of 73.0 hours (95% confidence interval [CI], 46.0-91.0) and 65.5 hours (95% CI, 48.1-84.0), respectively (P = .87). There were no significant differences in secondary outcome measures, including length of hospitalization, visual analog @entity2 scale scores, cumulative opioid usage, and rate of @entity9 . Inhaled @entity3 was well tolerated, with no increase in serious adverse events. Increases in venous @entity8 concentration confirmed adherence and randomization but did not exceed 5% in any study @entity0 . Significant increases in plasma @entity4 occurred in the treatment group, but there were no observed increases in plasma or whole blood @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Among @entity0 with @entity6 hospitalized with VOC, the use of inhaled @entity3 compared with placebo did not improve time to crisis resolution. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00094887.

title: @entity3 for inhalation in the acute treatment of sickle cell XXXX crisis: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: Inhaled @entity3 has shown evidence of efficacy in @entity1 models of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), case series of @entity0 with @entity9 , and 2 small placebo-controlled trials for treatment of vaso-occlusive @entity2 crisis (VOC). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether inhaled @entity3 gas reduces the duration of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity6 who present to the emergency department or hospital for care. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial for up to 72 hours of inhaled @entity3 gas vs inhaled @entity5 placebo in 150 @entity0 presenting with VOC of @entity6 at 11 centers between October 5, 2004, and December 22, 2008. Intervention Inhaled @entity3 gas vs inhaled @entity5 placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end point was the time to resolution of @entity2 , defined by (1) freedom from parenteral opioid use for 5 hours; (2) @entity2 relief as assessed by visual analog @entity2 scale scores of 6 cm or lower (on 0-10 scale); (3) ability to walk; and (4) @entity0 's and family's decision, with physician consensus, that the remaining @entity2 could be managed at home. RESULTS: There was no significant change in the primary end point between the @entity3 and placebo groups, with a median time to resolution of crisis of 73.0 hours (95% confidence interval [CI], 46.0-91.0) and 65.5 hours (95% CI, 48.1-84.0), respectively (P = .87). There were no significant differences in secondary outcome measures, including length of hospitalization, visual analog @entity2 scale scores, cumulative opioid usage, and rate of @entity9 . Inhaled @entity3 was well tolerated, with no increase in serious adverse events. Increases in venous @entity8 concentration confirmed adherence and randomization but did not exceed 5% in any study @entity0 . Significant increases in plasma @entity4 occurred in the treatment group, but there were no observed increases in plasma or whole blood @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Among @entity0 with @entity6 hospitalized with VOC, the use of inhaled @entity3 compared with placebo did not improve time to crisis resolution. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00094887.

title: XXXX for inhalation in the acute treatment of sickle cell @entity2 crisis: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Radiotherapy in @entity2 is studied in a randomized phase-III clinical multicenter trial comparing (A) postoperative irradiation (50 Gy) to (B) preoperative irradiation + postoperative saturation (25 Gy) to (C) preoperative irradiation alone (25 Gy). Postoperative irradiation is carried out, if the @entity0 exhibits a high risk (Dukes B, C). In preoperatively irradiated @entity0 operation takes place immediately after the last course, at least within 24 h. Fractioning is 2,5 Gy per session. Preoperative irradiation is tolerated well. It does not compromise surgery or increase the number of complications. In rectal resections a protective colostomy is not necessary. @entity3 (A) is burdened by 3 serious complications and a considerably higher amount of complaints. Whereas radical radiation procedures (A and B) lead to a drastical reduction of the local recurrence rate (A 5 of 86, B 4 of 97 @entity0 , that means about 1/7th of what could be expected), preoperative irradiation alone (C) has a lesser effect (10 of 96). Distant @entity1 rate remains uninfluenced by each of these procedures. Assuming that preoperative irradiation is able to inhibit intraoperative metastasing these data suggest that this form of @entity1 has no practical importance. Although the study is not closed there is a convincing improvement by the combined radical approach. As regards tolerability and practicability it should be done in the sandwich-technique by pre-and postoperative irradiation (B).

title: [Adjuvant radiotherapy in XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine behavioral observations of affiliation (ie, warmth versus hostility) and control (ie, dominance versus submissiveness) and prior divorce as predictors of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in older couples. In some but not all studies, marital disruption and low marital quality have been shown to confer risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Inconsistencies might reflect limitations of self-reports of marital quality compared with behavioral observations. Also, aspects of marital quality related to @entity1 might differ for @entity0 and @entity0 . METHODS: Couples underwent computed tomography scans for @entity2 and marital assessments, including observations of laboratory-based disagreement. @entity0 were 154 couples (mean age, 63.5 years; mean length of marriage, 36.4 years) free of prior diagnosis of @entity1 . RESULTS: Controlling traditional risk factors, we found behavioral measures of affiliation (low warmth) accounted for 6.2% of variance in @entity2 for @entity0 , p < .01, but not for @entity0 . Controlling behavior (dominance) accounted for 6.0% of variance in @entity2 for @entity0 , p < .02, but not for @entity0 . Behavioral measures were related to self-reports of marital quality, but the latter were unrelated to @entity2 . History of divorce predicted @entity2 for @entity0 and @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: History of divorce and behavioral--but not self-report--measures of marital quality were related to @entity1 , such that low warmth and high dominance conferred risk for @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. Prior research might underestimate the role of marital quality in @entity1 by relying on global self-reports of this risk factor.

title: Affiliation and control during marital disagreement, history of divorce, and asymptomatic XXXX in older couples.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Increased mortality from @entity1 , chronic @entity5 and @entity3 has previously been reported among workers in the @entity8 ( @entity9 ) industry. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of specific exposure factors on mortality from @entity7 ( @entity7 ), using a newly revised job-exposure matrix. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1687 long-term workers employed in 1913-2003 in the Norwegian @entity9 industry were characterised with respect to cumulative exposure to @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity9 particles and @entity9 fibres. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) for underlying causes of death, 1951-2007, were calculated stratified by category of cumulative exposure, and Poisson regression analyses of @entity7 were performed using cumulative exposure variables. RESULTS: An increased total mortality (SMR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.2) and increased mortality from @entity0 , non-malignant @entity2 and external factors, were observed. The SMR of @entity7 was increased at the highest level of cumulative exposure to all investigated exposure factors. In the internal analyses, a twofold increased risk of @entity7 was observed with increasing levels of cumulative exposure to @entity9 particles. In a multivariate model, @entity9 particles showed the most stable increased risk estimate when controlled for other exposure factors, among workers with less than 15 years of employment. Among workers with more than 15 years of employment, crystalline @entity4 , primarily cristobalite, seemed to be the most important exposure factor. CONCLUSION: Exposure to @entity9 and crystalline @entity4 may contribute to @entity7 development among @entity9 industry workers in different time windows, and possibly through different mechanisms.

title: Mortality from non-malignant XXXX among workers in the Norwegian @entity8 industry: associations with dust exposure.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Increased mortality from @entity1 , chronic @entity5 and @entity3 has previously been reported among workers in the @entity8 ( @entity9 ) industry. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of specific exposure factors on mortality from @entity7 ( @entity7 ), using a newly revised job-exposure matrix. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 1687 long-term workers employed in 1913-2003 in the Norwegian @entity9 industry were characterised with respect to cumulative exposure to @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity9 particles and @entity9 fibres. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) for underlying causes of death, 1951-2007, were calculated stratified by category of cumulative exposure, and Poisson regression analyses of @entity7 were performed using cumulative exposure variables. RESULTS: An increased total mortality (SMR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.2) and increased mortality from @entity0 , non-malignant @entity2 and external factors, were observed. The SMR of @entity7 was increased at the highest level of cumulative exposure to all investigated exposure factors. In the internal analyses, a twofold increased risk of @entity7 was observed with increasing levels of cumulative exposure to @entity9 particles. In a multivariate model, @entity9 particles showed the most stable increased risk estimate when controlled for other exposure factors, among workers with less than 15 years of employment. Among workers with more than 15 years of employment, crystalline @entity4 , primarily cristobalite, seemed to be the most important exposure factor. CONCLUSION: Exposure to @entity9 and crystalline @entity4 may contribute to @entity7 development among @entity9 industry workers in different time windows, and possibly through different mechanisms.

title: Mortality from non-malignant @entity2 among workers in the Norwegian XXXX industry: associations with dust exposure.

answer: @entity8


abstract: This study compares the efficacy of a new @entity1 (TP-IV) with @entity2 -Collins solution for long-term (72 hr) hypothermic storage of @entity0 pancreas autografts. Four experimental recipient groups and their survival (30-day study period) results were as follows: Gr. I (n = 6) pancreatectomized controls, without autotransplant (X +/- SD = 5.83 +/- 3.06 days); Gr. II (n = 6) fresh nonpreserved autografts (X +/- SD = 23.83 +/- 10.12 days, 5 of 6 greater than 30 days); and Gr. III (n = 7) and Gr. IV (n = 5) receiving pancreas autografts stored at 4 degrees C for 72 hr in either @entity2 -Collins or TP-IV, respectively (Gr. III, 13.85 +/- 9.04 days; Gr. IV, 21.2 +/- 12.37 days). The results appear to indicate that TP-IV is superior to @entity2 -Collins solution for 72-hr hypothermic storage of pancreas grafts. In fact, survival in the TP-IV-presented group was comparable to that of fresh, non-preserved autografts.

title: Pancreas preservation with TP-IV: a XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Karapandzic flaps consist of well-vascularized, sensate lip tissue but are generally restricted to reconstruction of defects comprising two-thirds of the lip or less to avoid @entity5 . Reconstruction of larger defects usually involves advancement flaps that require significant cheek laxity or free tissue transfer. METHODS: The authors describe a modification of the Karapandzic lower lip reconstruction technique in which the flaps are extended by recruiting tissue from the perioral cheek, allowing reconstruction of @entity4 , which would normally not be reconstructible using the standard technique. @entity2 are carefully dissected and preserved to ensure innervation and perfusion. RESULTS: Eight @entity0 underwent successful single-stage lower lip reconstruction with this technique. In three cases, bilateral extended Karapandzic flaps were used for total lower @entity4 , and in five additional cases, unilateral extended Karapandzic flaps were combined with other local flaps for near-total defects. All @entity0 achieved oral competence and normal or near-normal mouth opening. One @entity0 developed a @entity3 and one @entity0 developed a @entity1 that healed with conservative treatment. There were no other complications. CONCLUSIONS: Extended Karapandzic flaps can be used to reconstruct near-total or total lower @entity4 with innervated, well-vascularized tissues that recreate the oral sphincter and restore oral competence. By extending conventional Karapandzic flaps with perioral cheek tissue, adequate length is gained to avoid @entity5 . In addition, the color match of the reconstructed lip is superior to reconstructions relying on tissue transfer from distant sites.

title: Extended Karapandzic flaps for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Bioluminescent fungi are widely distributed on land and most belong to the class Basidomycetes. Light of about 530 nm wavelength maximum is emitted continuously. The molecular basis for the light-emitting process remains unclear. We investigated the characteristics of the bioluminescence using cultivated fruiting bodies of M. @entity3 . Only fresh fruiting bodies exhibited long-lasting light emission; rapid decay of light emission was observed with frozen and freeze-dried samples. Freeze-dried samples can be stored at room temperature under dry conditions and may be useful for the isolation of @entity2 . The light emission of the fresh fruiting bodies was maintained in various buffers at varying pH; it could be stopped with @entity1 @entity0 buffer and could be recovered at pH 6. The isolation of @entity2 from the fresh fruiting bodies might be possible by the control of buffer pH. The effect of temperature on the light emission of fruiting bodies indicated that bioluminescence in M. @entity3 may involve enzymatic reaction(s). The solubilization of bioluminescent components from the fruiting bodies could not be achieved with various surfactants.

title: Bioluminescence characteristics of the fruiting body of Mycena XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: With the widespread implementation of screening programs internationally, there will be an increase in early stage cervical @entity1 cases. In response to this, the Ministry of Health in each country will need to plan strategies to provide care such as radical surgery or radiation for this potentially curable group of @entity0 . METHODS: The Gynaecologic Oncologists of Canada created a teaching module to intensively train a small number of locally identified gynecologists to perform radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. The process was based on adult learning principles; it involved a Canadian gynecologic oncologist working in the low- or middle-resource country with the gynecologists and problem-solving local issues in health care delivery. RESULTS: The teaching process included a pretest and a posttest on the basis of the objectives of the module. There were 7 modules including preoperative evaluation of the @entity0 , cone biopsy, radical hysterectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, @entity3 , @entity2 , and follow-up after surgery. Each module was divided into background information, techniques, and complications. There were video clips imbedded in the modules. After the educational modules had been reviewed, the learners were walked through the surgical procedures repeatedly including a detailed assessment of performance after each case. @entity0 had the opportunity to provide feedback on the training program. The module was reviewed in Mongolia and implemented in Kenya. CONCLUSIONS: In low- and middle-resource countries where there is an urgent need to provide a curative surgical option for the management of early cervical @entity1 , a focused high-intensity curriculum delivered by a trained surgeon can translate into immediate change in clinical and surgical practice.

title: XXXX surgery in low- or middle-resource countries.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 at admission has been associated to an adverse prognosis in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, its impact over the results of reperfusion therapies in @entity0 with STEMI is still a matter of controversy. AIM: to determine the impact of admission @entity5 on hospital and long term mortality, according to the method of reper-fusion utilized in @entity0 with STEMI. MATERIAL AND METHODS: prospective registry of 1,634 consecutive @entity0 aged 60    12 years (77% male), from 3 participating hospitals in the Chilean Registry of @entity2 (GEMI). We evaluated demographic, clinical and laboratory variables, reperfusion method used, hospital and long term mortality. The impact of @entity5 on hospital and long term mortality was evaluated by a logistic regression analysis and Cox risk, respectively, adjusted by Thrombolysis in @entity2 (TIMI) risk score. RESULTS: twenty four percent of @entity0 were @entity1 and in 45%, the @entity3 was located on the anterior wall. The mean TIMI risk score was 3.2    2.4. @entity5 at entry was associated to a greater hospital and long term mortality, independently of the reperfusion strategy utilized. Primary angioplasty was associated to a greater benefit, compared to thrombolysis among @entity4 @entity0 with an odds ratio: 2.9, 95% confi dence intervals: 1.0-8.0 and a hazard ratio of 2.9, 95% confi dence intervals: 1.44-5.88, independently of a previous history of @entity1 and TIMI risk score. CONCLUSIONS: in @entity0 with STEMI, admission @entity5 is associated with a worse prognosis which was significantly improved with primary angioplasty compared to thrombolysis, independently of the admission TIMI risk score.

title: [Admission XXXX and mortality of ST segment elevation @entity2 ].

answer: @entity5