abstract: BACKGROUND: Whether the incidence of @entity1 in Western, industrialized countries has changed over time has been the subject of much debate. The purpose of this primary-care study was to examine changes in the incidence of @entity1 in The Netherlands during the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. METHOD: A nationwide network of general practitioners (GPs), serving a representative sample (~1%) of the total Dutch population, recorded newly diagnosed @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity3 ) in their practice during 1985-1989, 1995-1999, and 2005-2009. GPs are key players in the Dutch healthcare system, as their written referral is mandatory in order to get access to specialized (mental) healthcare, covered by health insurance. Health insurance is virtually universal in The Netherlands (99% of the population). A substantial number of GPs participated in all three study periods, during which the same case identification criteria were used and the same psychiatrist was responsible for making the final diagnoses. Incidence rates were calculated and for comparison between periods, incidence rate ratios. RESULTS: The overall incidence rate of @entity3 decreased significantly in the past three decades (from 8.6 per 100 000 @entity0 -years in 1985-1989 to 6.1 in 1995-1999, and 3.2 in 2005-2009). The overall incidence of @entity2 remained fairly stable during three decades, i.e. 7.4 per 1 00 000 @entity0 -years in 1985-1989, 7.8 in 1995-1999, and 6.0 in 2005-2009. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of @entity3 decreased significantly over the past three decades, while the overall incidence rate of @entity2 remained stable.

title: Three decades of @entity1 in Dutch primary care: decreasing incidence of XXXX but not of @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraoperative @entity3 ( @entity4 ) administration has been used to abate @entity2 in a variety of surgical procedures. Several recent studies have supported its efficacy in reducing transfusion requirements in pediatric cranial vault reconstruction (CVR). OBJECTIVE: To conduct a retrospective chart review to determine whether a significant reduction in packed red blood cell (PRBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions exists when @entity4 is used. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 28 @entity0 who underwent CVR for @entity1 was performed. Transfusion requirements for 14 @entity0 who did not receive @entity4 were compared with 14 @entity0 who did. Predictors of increased blood product transfusion were also studied. RESULTS: Total volume of PRBC transfusion was reduced by 50% with the use of @entity4 (P=0.004) with a 34% reduction in intraoperative PRBC transfusion (P=0.017) and a 67% reduction in postoperative PRBC transfusion (P<0.001). Total volume of FFP transfusion was reduced by 46% (P=0.002) and postoperative FFP transfusion was reduced by 100% (P=0.001). The use of @entity4 was associated with a lower total volume of PRBC (P=0.003) and FFP (P=0.003) transfusions. Older @entity0 age was associated with lower total volume of PRBC transfused (P=0.046 and P=0.002), but not with FFP (P=0.183 and P=0.099) transfusion volumes. Increasing @entity0 weight was associated with lower PRBC (P=0.010 and P=0.020) and FFP (P=0.045 and P=0.016) transfusion volumes. CONCLUSION: @entity4 decreased blood product transfusion requirements in @entity0 undergoing CVR for @entity1 , and should be a routine part of the strategy to reduce @entity2 in these procedures.

title: Use of XXXX in @entity1 surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraoperative @entity3 ( @entity4 ) administration has been used to abate @entity2 in a variety of surgical procedures. Several recent studies have supported its efficacy in reducing transfusion requirements in pediatric cranial vault reconstruction (CVR). OBJECTIVE: To conduct a retrospective chart review to determine whether a significant reduction in packed red blood cell (PRBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions exists when @entity4 is used. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 28 @entity0 who underwent CVR for @entity1 was performed. Transfusion requirements for 14 @entity0 who did not receive @entity4 were compared with 14 @entity0 who did. Predictors of increased blood product transfusion were also studied. RESULTS: Total volume of PRBC transfusion was reduced by 50% with the use of @entity4 (P=0.004) with a 34% reduction in intraoperative PRBC transfusion (P=0.017) and a 67% reduction in postoperative PRBC transfusion (P<0.001). Total volume of FFP transfusion was reduced by 46% (P=0.002) and postoperative FFP transfusion was reduced by 100% (P=0.001). The use of @entity4 was associated with a lower total volume of PRBC (P=0.003) and FFP (P=0.003) transfusions. Older @entity0 age was associated with lower total volume of PRBC transfused (P=0.046 and P=0.002), but not with FFP (P=0.183 and P=0.099) transfusion volumes. Increasing @entity0 weight was associated with lower PRBC (P=0.010 and P=0.020) and FFP (P=0.045 and P=0.016) transfusion volumes. CONCLUSION: @entity4 decreased blood product transfusion requirements in @entity0 undergoing CVR for @entity1 , and should be a routine part of the strategy to reduce @entity2 in these procedures.

title: Use of @entity3 in XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most common and benign form of the spectrum of disorders referred to as @entity3 ( @entity3 ). @entity3 is primarily regarded as a @entity1 , with few adult cases of multifocal @entity4 of bone reported. We report a case of multifocal @entity4 in a 48-year-old @entity0 , who presented with right knee @entity2 . Radiographs showed a small lytic lesion in the medial femoral condyle. Diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound-guided biopsy. She had had a previous @entity4 lesion excised from her skull. Whole-body bone scan demonstrated a new skull lesion in the right diploic space, which was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. The @entity0 underwent curettage, bone grafting, and prophylactic internal fixation of the right distal femur lesion. The skull lesion was treated with repeat craniectomy. Two years later, she developed a new lesion in the right distal femoral metaphysis, which was treated with intralesional corticosteroid injections. Now, more than 1 year later, the @entity0 is @entity2 -free with no evidence of new or recurrent disease. Because multifocal @entity4 is a rare diagnosis in adults, appropriate clinical suspicion, in combination with radiographic findings and histologic examination, is essential for correct diagnosis and treatment.

title: XXXX in an Adult.

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study has examined the effect of postmortem autolysis, type, and duration of fixation on neurofilament, @entity6 , and glial fibrillary acidic protein ( @entity1 ) antigen decay as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, using a streptavidin- @entity3 peroxidase method. The system used consisted of 5 normal cerebellar cortices. Time intervals, temperature, mode of fixation and storage, and staining technique were well controlled. Anti-neurofilament antibodies comprised SMI-31, MNF, and BF-10 against @entity4 , and SMI-32 against a non-phosphorylated epitope. Bouin's and B5 fixative, and Sensofix gave best results, whereas @entity0 and @entity2 fixation gave much lower immunoreactivity. Phosphorylated neurofilament epitopes were less affected by @entity5 than unphosphorylated epitopes. @entity1 staining was most consistent after Bouin fixation while the monoclonal antibody was much more sensitive to the fixative used than the polyclonal one. Aspecific background staining increased considerably after a postmortem interval of 24 hours. @entity6 immunoreactivity, as demonstrated by SY-38, proved very sensitive to prolonged fixation and was of poor quality following @entity0 and @entity2 fixation. Knowledge of antigen decay due to postmortem artifacts is essential for the correct evaluation of immunoperoxidase studies of autolyzed tissues that have been fixed and stored in different modes and for variable time interval.

title: Tissue fixation methods alter the immunohistochemical demonstrability of neurofilament proteins, XXXX , and glial fibrillary acidic protein in human cerebellum.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of race and surgical approach for @entity0 who underwent surgical treatment for uterine @entity1 . METHODS: The design was a retrospective cohort study of discharge data from nonfederal acute care hospitals in Maryland from 2000 to 2009. @entity0 aged 18 and older who underwent hysterectomy for uterine @entity1 were included in the study population. The main outcome measure was receipt of lymphadenectomy. Secondary outcomes included receipt of minimally-invasive surgical approach, in-hospital mortality and individual surgeon and individual hospital annual uterine @entity1 case volume. The independent variable was race. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios and confidence intervals for each outcome of interest. Caucasians were the reference group. RESULTS: Among 5470 @entity0 who underwent hysterectomy, 2727 (49.9%) underwent lymphadenectomy and 512 (9.4%) underwent surgery through a minimally-invasive approach. After adjusting for age, payer status and @entity2 -DRG mortality risk score, African-Americans were more likely to be operated on by high-volume surgeons (adjusted OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.09-1.49) yet were less likely to undergo minimally-invasive surgery (adjusted OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.45-0.80). For the outcome of lymphadenectomy, there was no significant difference between Caucasians and African-Americans (OR=1.13, 95% CI: 0.98-1.30). There was no association between race and in-hospital mortality or between race and the odds of undergoing surgery at a high-volume hospital. CONCLUSION: In this retrospective analysis of uterine @entity1 @entity0 , race is associated with likelihood of undergoing surgery through a minimally-invasive approach. Further analysis using prospectively collected data with more detail regarding peri-operative parameters is needed to further clarify possible reasons for this disparity.

title: Racial disparities in surgical care for uterine XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: During optic nerve regeneration in @entity0 , the label from a small retinal spot injection of WGA-HRP has been previously reported to be initially widely dispersed in the tectum and subsequently to condense into a small patch in the retinotopically appropriate location of tectum. This refinement involves two separate processes: one is activity independent and generates gross retinotopy; the other is activity dependent and mediates the formation of fine retinotopy. Since the number of synapses remains constant during this refinement, one or both of these processes may involve some form of competition for a limited number of synaptic sites. To clarify the role of synaptic competition, we created a low-density retinotectal projection in @entity0 by deflecting about 20% of the optic fibers from one tectum into the opposite tectum, which was denervated of all other optic fibers. Under this condition, it was previously shown that less than half the normal density of synapses is formed. If competition for synaptic sites is a requirement of refinement, refinement should be prevented or significantly hindered. To monitor refinement during regeneration, 2 nl spot injections of WGA-HRP were made into the retina at various times after deflection. To distinguish between activity-dependent and activity-independent refinement, retinal impulse activity was blocked in some fish with repeated injections of @entity1 into the eye for the duration of the experiment. It was found that considerable activity-independent refinement occurred under continuous @entity1 blockade although the fibers remained more dispersed than in previous @entity1 studies when normal numbers of fibers were present. Surprisingly, in fish with normal impulse activity, the degree of activity-dependent refinement was almost normal. Labeled fibers condensed into a small area roughly comparable in size to that observed when the full complement of fibers was regenerating into tectum. These results suggest that competition for limited synaptic sites is not essential for activity-dependent refinement, which may, instead, be mediated by a cooperative process that actively promotes convergence. The findings further suggest that if synaptic competition plays a role in this system, it is in regulating activity-independent mechanisms that determine the large-scale distribution of fibers within tectum.

title: Activity-dependent retinotopic refinement in a low-density retinotectal projection in the XXXX : evidence favoring synaptic cooperation over competition.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: to extend up to year 2013 the follow-up for mortality of a cohort of workers in a @entity6 and @entity5 plating plant, where an @entity1 was already identified. DESIGN: 10 years after the first study about @entity2 mortality in a cohort of workers involved in the @entity6 thin-layer plating, published in 2006, we updated the evaluation of themortality of a cohort ofworkers employed in the same chromiumthin-layer plating factory with at least 6 months of work between 1968 and 1994.The mortality rates are compared with those of the Italian and Veneto Region (Northern Italy) populations.The dose-response relationship between work duration and @entity1 is assessed by adjusted Poisson regression. SETTING AND @entity0 : 127 unskilled or skilled workers involved in the production process. RESULTS: in the updated follow-up, 35 @entity3 occurred among the subjects under study: 19 for @entity2 (of which 11 for @entity1 and 3 for @entity4 ). A marked @entity1 is observed. In addition, the newfollowup shows a significant excess of @entity4 mortality. @entity1 mortality is positively associated with work duration and the risk increases by 13%(95%CI 1-26) for each additional year of work. CONCLUSIONS: the extension of followup confirms that this cohort expresses an increased mortality from @entity2 , due to a marked @entity4 . The effect of smoking has only a secondary effect in the @entity2 onset expressed by this cohort. The risk of @entity1 increased with work duration and thus with occupational exposure to @entity6 and @entity5 .

title: [Confirmation of an excess of XXXX mortality in a cohort of workers of a @entity6 thin-layer plating].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: to extend up to year 2013 the follow-up for mortality of a cohort of workers in a @entity6 and @entity5 plating plant, where an @entity1 was already identified. DESIGN: 10 years after the first study about @entity2 mortality in a cohort of workers involved in the @entity6 thin-layer plating, published in 2006, we updated the evaluation of themortality of a cohort ofworkers employed in the same chromiumthin-layer plating factory with at least 6 months of work between 1968 and 1994.The mortality rates are compared with those of the Italian and Veneto Region (Northern Italy) populations.The dose-response relationship between work duration and @entity1 is assessed by adjusted Poisson regression. SETTING AND @entity0 : 127 unskilled or skilled workers involved in the production process. RESULTS: in the updated follow-up, 35 @entity3 occurred among the subjects under study: 19 for @entity2 (of which 11 for @entity1 and 3 for @entity4 ). A marked @entity1 is observed. In addition, the newfollowup shows a significant excess of @entity4 mortality. @entity1 mortality is positively associated with work duration and the risk increases by 13%(95%CI 1-26) for each additional year of work. CONCLUSIONS: the extension of followup confirms that this cohort expresses an increased mortality from @entity2 , due to a marked @entity4 . The effect of smoking has only a secondary effect in the @entity2 onset expressed by this cohort. The risk of @entity1 increased with work duration and thus with occupational exposure to @entity6 and @entity5 .

title: [Confirmation of an excess of @entity2 mortality in a cohort of workers of a XXXX thin-layer plating].

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIM: To determine the association between smoking status and leisure time physical activity (LTPA), @entity1 consumption, and socioeconomic status (SES) among Polish adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 466 randomly selected @entity0 and @entity0 (aged 18-66 years) responded to an anonymous questionnaire regarding smoking, @entity1 consumption, LTPA, and SES. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association of smoking status with six socioeconomic measures, level of LTPA, and frequency and type of @entity1 consumed. Smokers were defined as individuals smoking occasionally or daily. RESULTS: The odds of being smoker were 9 times ( @entity0 ) and 27 times ( @entity0 ) higher among respondents who drink @entity1 several times/ week or everyday in comparison to non-drinkers (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001). Among @entity0 with the elementary/vocational level of education the frequency of smoking was four times higher compared to those with the high educational attainment (p = 0.007). Among @entity0 we observed that students were the most frequent smokers. Female students were almost three times more likely to smoke than non-professional @entity0 , and two times more likely than physical workers (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study indicated that among randomly selected Polish @entity0 and @entity0 aged 18-66 smoking and @entity1 consumption tended to cluster. These results imply that intervention strategies need to target multiple risk factors simultaneously. The highest risk of smoking was observed among low educated @entity0 , female students, and both @entity0 and @entity0 drinking @entity1 several times a week or every day. Information on subgroups with the high risk of smoking will help in planning future preventive strategies.

title: Correlates of smoking with socioeconomic status, leisure time physical activity and XXXX consumption among Polish adults from randomly selected regions.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The term @entity4 -related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC) describes a group of rare @entity1 , characterised by broad genetic and clinical heterogeneity. NPHP-RC is frequently associated with extrarenal manifestations and accounts for the majority of genetically caused @entity3 ( @entity3 ) during childhood and adolescence. Generation of a molecular diagnosis has been impaired by this broad genetic heterogeneity. However, recently developed high-throughput exon sequencing techniques represent powerful and efficient tools to screen large cohorts for dozens of causative genes. METHODS: Therefore, we performed massively multiplexed targeted sequencing using the modified molecular inversion probe strategy (MIPs) in an international cohort of 384 @entity0 diagnosed with NPHP-RC. RESULTS: As a result, we established the molecular diagnoses in 81/384 unrelated individuals (21.1%). We detected 127 likely disease-causing mutations in 18 of 34 evaluated NPHP-RC genes, 22 of which were novel. We further compared a subgroup of current findings to the results of a previous study in which we used an array-based microfluidic PCR technology in the same cohort. While 78 likely disease-causing mutations were previously detected by the array-based microfluidic PCR, the MIPs approach identified 94 likely pathogenic mutations. Compared with the previous approach, MIPs redetected 66 out of 78 variants and 28 previously unidentified variants, for a total of 94 variants. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we demonstrate that the modified MIPs technology is a useful approach to screen large cohorts for a multitude of established NPHP genes in order to identify the underlying molecular cause. Combined application of two independent library preparation and sequencing techniques, however, may still be indicated for @entity2 with extensive genetic heterogeneity in order to further increase diagnostic sensitivity.

title: Large-scale targeted sequencing comparison highlights extreme genetic heterogeneity in XXXX -related ciliopathies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Measurement of sagittal abdominal diameter using a revalidated caliper is simple, inexpensive, non-invasive method. It strongly correlates with insulin resistance and can be used as a surrogate marker to predict risk for @entity1 . AIM: To assess visceral abdominal fat by measuring sagittal abdominal diameter using sliding calipers and to predict insulin resistance in @entity2 or overweight adolescent @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: Explorative study for Paediatric age group among over weight and @entity2 @entity0 aged 10-18 years in urban population in a Tertiary Care Centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paediatric population satisfying ADA guidelines for diagnosis of @entity5 were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements with @entity4 were recorded. Blood was collected to investigate for @entity5 and insulin resistance using HOMA-IR. RESULTS: Out of 924 subjects who gave assent to participate in study 108 fulfilled ADA criteria. 33 subjects who didn't come for the follow up were excluded. Out of 75 subjects 12 were detected to have insulin resistance (16%) and 63 were normal (84%). Pearson's partial correlation of HOMA-IR and OGTT with @entity4 has demonstrated it to be better correlation with Insulin Resistance (IR) than other anthropometric measurements. Fasting @entity3 correlated better with Waist Hip Circumference. CONCLUSION: Insulin Resistance was diagnosed in 16% of the population and these had high levels of insulin resistance. @entity4 in relation to @entity3 metabolism, had a better correlation with OGTT followed by HOMA-IR and fasting Insulin. @entity4 with anthropometric measurements had better correlation all the parameters other than Waist Circumference, which had negative correlation. @entity4 can be used in evaluation of @entity2 or overweight @entity0 for evaluation.

title: Sagittal Abdominal Diameter to Measure Visceral Adipose Tissue in Overweight or Obese Adolescent XXXX and Its Role as A Marker of Insulin Resistance.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Immunolocalization of @entity1 (a specific endothelial cell marker) and @entity3 and @entity2 , along with quantitative image analysis, were used to evaluate vascular development and distribution of HBGF in the @entity0 corpus luteum (CL) at three stages (early, middle, and late) of the estrous cycle. Luteal vascularity increased from the early to the middle stage and then declined to the late stage. During the early stage, most of the microvessels were present in the cores of the tissue infoldings (presumably thecal-derived areas), but numerous capillary sprouts could be seen invading the parenchymal areas. During the middle stage, capillary density was so great that most parenchymal cells were in contact with one or more capillaries. At the late stage, relatively few capillaries were present in the parenchymal areas, whereas larger microvessels were prominent throughout the CL. Throughout the estrous cycle, @entity3 and @entity2 were present primarily in the cytoplasm of large and small luteal cells. For each stage of the estrous cycle, @entity2 staining was greater than that of @entity3 . Relatively high levels of @entity2 , but not @entity3 , were also present in connective tissue tracts. In addition, @entity3 and @entity2 appeared to co-localize in some luteal cells. Although the distribution of @entity3 was homogeneous throughout the CI, that of @entity2 was heterogeneous. For @entity3 , staining increased from the early to the middle stage but remained unchanged from the middle to the late stage. In contrast, @entity2 staining was greatest in the middle stage and similar in the early and late stages. These data are the first report of @entity3 and @entity2 immunolocalization in @entity0 luteal tissues throughout the estrous cycle, and demonstrate that @entity2 staining follows a pattern similar to that of luteal vascular development.

title: Vascular development and heparin-binding growth factors in the XXXX corpus luteum at several stages of the estrous cycle.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The cerebellum is implicated in maintaining the saccadic subsystem efficient for vision by minimizing movement inaccuracy and by learning from endpoint errors. This ability is often disrupted in @entity1 , as demonstrated by saccade @entity4 . The study of saccades in these @entity0 may therefore provide insights into the neural substrate underlying saccadic motor control. We investigated the different extent of saccade @entity4 in @entity3 and @entity6 @entity5 , genetically undefined and with prevalent @entity1 . Reflexive and voluntary saccades of different amplitude (10  -18  ) were studied in seven @entity0 with @entity3 , eight @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 and 25 healthy controls. Quantitative analysis of saccade parameters and measures of saccade accuracy were performed. Detailed neurological, neurophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment was obtained for each @entity0 . Genetic and laboratory screening for @entity2 and other forms of @entity6 @entity5 were also performed. A lower peak saccade velocity and longer duration was observed in @entity0 with @entity3 with respect to those with @entity6 @entity5 and controls. Unlike subjects with @entity3 , @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 showed main sequence relationships to similar saccades made by normal subjects. Saccades were significantly more inaccurate, namely hypometric, in @entity6 @entity5 than in @entity3 and inaccuracy increased with saccade amplitude. The percentage of hypometric primary saccades and of larger secondary corrective saccades were consistently higher in @entity6 @entity5 than in @entity3 and controls. No other significant differences were found between groups. Two different mechanisms were adopted to redirect the fovea as fast and/or accurately as possible to peripheral targets by the two groups of cerebellar @entity0 . @entity0 with @entity3 maintained accuracy using slow saccades with longer duration. This reflects prevalent degenerative processes affecting the pontine burst generator and leading to saccade velocity failure. On the other hand, @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 reached the target with a number of fast inaccurate, mostly hypometric saccades. Different degrees of cerebellar oculomotor vermis involvement may account for differences in optimizing the trade-off between velocity and accuracy in the two groups. In addition, as suggested by spinocerebellar @entity0 having slow saccades that are no longer ballistic, visual feedback might be continuously available during the movement execution to guide the eye to its target.

title: Differences in saccade dynamics between @entity3 and @entity6 XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The cerebellum is implicated in maintaining the saccadic subsystem efficient for vision by minimizing movement inaccuracy and by learning from endpoint errors. This ability is often disrupted in @entity1 , as demonstrated by saccade @entity4 . The study of saccades in these @entity0 may therefore provide insights into the neural substrate underlying saccadic motor control. We investigated the different extent of saccade @entity4 in @entity3 and @entity6 @entity5 , genetically undefined and with prevalent @entity1 . Reflexive and voluntary saccades of different amplitude (10  -18  ) were studied in seven @entity0 with @entity3 , eight @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 and 25 healthy controls. Quantitative analysis of saccade parameters and measures of saccade accuracy were performed. Detailed neurological, neurophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment was obtained for each @entity0 . Genetic and laboratory screening for @entity2 and other forms of @entity6 @entity5 were also performed. A lower peak saccade velocity and longer duration was observed in @entity0 with @entity3 with respect to those with @entity6 @entity5 and controls. Unlike subjects with @entity3 , @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 showed main sequence relationships to similar saccades made by normal subjects. Saccades were significantly more inaccurate, namely hypometric, in @entity6 @entity5 than in @entity3 and inaccuracy increased with saccade amplitude. The percentage of hypometric primary saccades and of larger secondary corrective saccades were consistently higher in @entity6 @entity5 than in @entity3 and controls. No other significant differences were found between groups. Two different mechanisms were adopted to redirect the fovea as fast and/or accurately as possible to peripheral targets by the two groups of cerebellar @entity0 . @entity0 with @entity3 maintained accuracy using slow saccades with longer duration. This reflects prevalent degenerative processes affecting the pontine burst generator and leading to saccade velocity failure. On the other hand, @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 reached the target with a number of fast inaccurate, mostly hypometric saccades. Different degrees of cerebellar oculomotor vermis involvement may account for differences in optimizing the trade-off between velocity and accuracy in the two groups. In addition, as suggested by spinocerebellar @entity0 having slow saccades that are no longer ballistic, visual feedback might be continuously available during the movement execution to guide the eye to its target.

title: Differences in saccade dynamics between XXXX and @entity6 @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The cerebellum is implicated in maintaining the saccadic subsystem efficient for vision by minimizing movement inaccuracy and by learning from endpoint errors. This ability is often disrupted in @entity1 , as demonstrated by saccade @entity4 . The study of saccades in these @entity0 may therefore provide insights into the neural substrate underlying saccadic motor control. We investigated the different extent of saccade @entity4 in @entity3 and @entity6 @entity5 , genetically undefined and with prevalent @entity1 . Reflexive and voluntary saccades of different amplitude (10  -18  ) were studied in seven @entity0 with @entity3 , eight @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 and 25 healthy controls. Quantitative analysis of saccade parameters and measures of saccade accuracy were performed. Detailed neurological, neurophysiological and magnetic resonance imaging assessment was obtained for each @entity0 . Genetic and laboratory screening for @entity2 and other forms of @entity6 @entity5 were also performed. A lower peak saccade velocity and longer duration was observed in @entity0 with @entity3 with respect to those with @entity6 @entity5 and controls. Unlike subjects with @entity3 , @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 showed main sequence relationships to similar saccades made by normal subjects. Saccades were significantly more inaccurate, namely hypometric, in @entity6 @entity5 than in @entity3 and inaccuracy increased with saccade amplitude. The percentage of hypometric primary saccades and of larger secondary corrective saccades were consistently higher in @entity6 @entity5 than in @entity3 and controls. No other significant differences were found between groups. Two different mechanisms were adopted to redirect the fovea as fast and/or accurately as possible to peripheral targets by the two groups of cerebellar @entity0 . @entity0 with @entity3 maintained accuracy using slow saccades with longer duration. This reflects prevalent degenerative processes affecting the pontine burst generator and leading to saccade velocity failure. On the other hand, @entity0 with @entity6 @entity5 reached the target with a number of fast inaccurate, mostly hypometric saccades. Different degrees of cerebellar oculomotor vermis involvement may account for differences in optimizing the trade-off between velocity and accuracy in the two groups. In addition, as suggested by spinocerebellar @entity0 having slow saccades that are no longer ballistic, visual feedback might be continuously available during the movement execution to guide the eye to its target.

title: Differences in saccade dynamics between @entity3 and XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Several studies have described molecular differences between microsatellite stable @entity2 (MSS-HNPCC) and microsatellite unstable @entity1 (MSI-HNPCC). These differences highlight the possibility that other instability forms could explain @entity1 susceptibility in this group of families. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the major DNA repair pathway for oxidative DNA damage. A defect in this pathway can result in DNA transversion mutations and a subsequent increased @entity1 risk. Mutations in @entity5 have been associated with increased @entity2 ( @entity2 ) risk while no association has been described for @entity4 or @entity6 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed mutational screening of the three genes involved in defense against oxidative DNA damage in a set of 42 MSS-HNPCC families. RESULTS: Eight rare variants and 5 frequent variants were found in MSS-HNPCC @entity0 . All variants were previously described by other authors except variant @entity7 in @entity4 . Segregation studies were done and in silico programs were used to estimate the level of @entity3 conservation, protein damage prediction, and possible splicing alterations. Variants @entity4 @entity8 ; @entity5 @entity9 were detected in Amsterdam I families and cosegregate with @entity1 . Analysis of @entity4 @entity8 transcripts showed an inactivation of the splicing donor of exon 1. CONCLUSIONS: Two rare variants ( @entity4 @entity8 ; @entity5 @entity9 ) and one common polymorphism ( @entity6 @entity10 ) were associated with @entity2 risk. We show that the BER pathway can play a significant role in a number of MSS-HNPCC @entity2 . More studies could be of interest in order to gain further understanding of yet unexplained @entity2 susceptibility cases.

title: Analysis of the oxidative damage repair genes XXXX , @entity4 , and @entity5 in @entity0 from mismatch repair proficient HNPCC families (MSS-HNPCC).

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Several studies have described molecular differences between microsatellite stable @entity2 (MSS-HNPCC) and microsatellite unstable @entity1 (MSI-HNPCC). These differences highlight the possibility that other instability forms could explain @entity1 susceptibility in this group of families. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the major DNA repair pathway for oxidative DNA damage. A defect in this pathway can result in DNA transversion mutations and a subsequent increased @entity1 risk. Mutations in @entity5 have been associated with increased @entity2 ( @entity2 ) risk while no association has been described for @entity4 or @entity6 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed mutational screening of the three genes involved in defense against oxidative DNA damage in a set of 42 MSS-HNPCC families. RESULTS: Eight rare variants and 5 frequent variants were found in MSS-HNPCC @entity0 . All variants were previously described by other authors except variant @entity7 in @entity4 . Segregation studies were done and in silico programs were used to estimate the level of @entity3 conservation, protein damage prediction, and possible splicing alterations. Variants @entity4 @entity8 ; @entity5 @entity9 were detected in Amsterdam I families and cosegregate with @entity1 . Analysis of @entity4 @entity8 transcripts showed an inactivation of the splicing donor of exon 1. CONCLUSIONS: Two rare variants ( @entity4 @entity8 ; @entity5 @entity9 ) and one common polymorphism ( @entity6 @entity10 ) were associated with @entity2 risk. We show that the BER pathway can play a significant role in a number of MSS-HNPCC @entity2 . More studies could be of interest in order to gain further understanding of yet unexplained @entity2 susceptibility cases.

title: Analysis of the oxidative damage repair genes @entity6 , XXXX , and @entity5 in @entity0 from mismatch repair proficient HNPCC families (MSS-HNPCC).

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Several studies have described molecular differences between microsatellite stable @entity2 (MSS-HNPCC) and microsatellite unstable @entity1 (MSI-HNPCC). These differences highlight the possibility that other instability forms could explain @entity1 susceptibility in this group of families. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the major DNA repair pathway for oxidative DNA damage. A defect in this pathway can result in DNA transversion mutations and a subsequent increased @entity1 risk. Mutations in @entity5 have been associated with increased @entity2 ( @entity2 ) risk while no association has been described for @entity4 or @entity6 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed mutational screening of the three genes involved in defense against oxidative DNA damage in a set of 42 MSS-HNPCC families. RESULTS: Eight rare variants and 5 frequent variants were found in MSS-HNPCC @entity0 . All variants were previously described by other authors except variant @entity7 in @entity4 . Segregation studies were done and in silico programs were used to estimate the level of @entity3 conservation, protein damage prediction, and possible splicing alterations. Variants @entity4 @entity8 ; @entity5 @entity9 were detected in Amsterdam I families and cosegregate with @entity1 . Analysis of @entity4 @entity8 transcripts showed an inactivation of the splicing donor of exon 1. CONCLUSIONS: Two rare variants ( @entity4 @entity8 ; @entity5 @entity9 ) and one common polymorphism ( @entity6 @entity10 ) were associated with @entity2 risk. We show that the BER pathway can play a significant role in a number of MSS-HNPCC @entity2 . More studies could be of interest in order to gain further understanding of yet unexplained @entity2 susceptibility cases.

title: Analysis of the oxidative damage repair genes @entity6 , @entity4 , and XXXX in @entity0 from mismatch repair proficient HNPCC families (MSS-HNPCC).

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Several studies have described molecular differences between microsatellite stable @entity2 (MSS-HNPCC) and microsatellite unstable @entity1 (MSI-HNPCC). These differences highlight the possibility that other instability forms could explain @entity1 susceptibility in this group of families. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is the major DNA repair pathway for oxidative DNA damage. A defect in this pathway can result in DNA transversion mutations and a subsequent increased @entity1 risk. Mutations in @entity5 have been associated with increased @entity2 ( @entity2 ) risk while no association has been described for @entity4 or @entity6 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed mutational screening of the three genes involved in defense against oxidative DNA damage in a set of 42 MSS-HNPCC families. RESULTS: Eight rare variants and 5 frequent variants were found in MSS-HNPCC @entity0 . All variants were previously described by other authors except variant @entity7 in @entity4 . Segregation studies were done and in silico programs were used to estimate the level of @entity3 conservation, protein damage prediction, and possible splicing alterations. Variants @entity4 @entity8 ; @entity5 @entity9 were detected in Amsterdam I families and cosegregate with @entity1 . Analysis of @entity4 @entity8 transcripts showed an inactivation of the splicing donor of exon 1. CONCLUSIONS: Two rare variants ( @entity4 @entity8 ; @entity5 @entity9 ) and one common polymorphism ( @entity6 @entity10 ) were associated with @entity2 risk. We show that the BER pathway can play a significant role in a number of MSS-HNPCC @entity2 . More studies could be of interest in order to gain further understanding of yet unexplained @entity2 susceptibility cases.

title: Analysis of the oxidative damage repair genes @entity6 , @entity4 , and @entity5 in XXXX from mismatch repair proficient HNPCC families (MSS-HNPCC).

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a malignancy with one of the highest mortality rates. However, with the introduction of new drugs during the last decade, the prognosis of @entity0 began to improve. Ipilimumab is one of the first socalled modern drugs in @entity1 treatment. The therapy is often complicated by adverse effects which are referred as immunerelated adverse events due to its mechanism of action. CASE: We present a case of 68yearold @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent treatment with ipilimumab. The @entity0 encountered several adverse events during the treatment. Some of them are quite common (e.g. skin affections), others (e.g. @entity2 ) are less frequent. CONCLUSION: This case study highlights the need for close observation not only during the actual treatment with ipilimumab, but also several weeks or months after the last dose. This case study also demonstrates further need of education of doctors who do not usually come in to contact with such @entity0 .Key word: @entity1 - ipilimumab - hypohysitis - @entity3 The work was realized with the support PRVOUK 37/06.The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or   services used in the study.The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers.Submitted: 30. 8. 2015Accepted: 20. 9. 2015.

title: [Possible Pitfalls of Ipilimumab Therapy in XXXX  - a  Case Report].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 ) is a lymphotropic herpesvirus that induces @entity4 and @entity6 in New World primates other than its natural host, the squirrel monkey. @entity1 sequence analysis of the HVS genome revealed two open reading frames with significant homology to genes for @entity0 complement regulatory molecules. One of these genes encodes a predicted protein (designated HVSCD59) with 48% @entity2 sequence identity to the @entity0 terminal complement regulatory protein @entity5 (HuCD59). The @entity5 homolog from squirrel monkey (SMCD59) was cloned, and the corresponding @entity2 sequence showed 69% identity with HVSCD59. BALB/3T3 cells stably expressing HVSCD59, SMCD59, or HuCD59 were equally protected from complement-mediated lysis by human serum. However, only HVSCD59-expressing cells were effectively protected from complement-mediated lysis when challenged with rat serum, suggesting that HVSCD59 was less species restrictive. The complement regulatory activity of HVSCD59 and SMCD59 occurred after @entity8 deposition, indicating terminal complement inhibition. Treatment of BALB/3T3 stable transfectants with @entity7 -specific phospholipase C prior to complement attack decreased the complement regulatory function of HVSCD59, suggesting cell surface attachment via a @entity9 anchor. Cells expressing HVSCD59 effectively inhibited complement-mediated lysis by squirrel monkey serum in comparison with SMCD59-expressing cells. Finally HVSCD59-specific transcripts were detected in owl monkey cells permissive for lytic HVS replication but not in T cells transformed by HVS, which failed to produce virions. These data are the first to demonstrate a functional, virally encoded terminal complement inhibitor and suggest that HVSCD59 represents a humoral immune evasion mechanism supporting the lytic life cycle of HVS.

title: Inhibition of complement-mediated cytolysis by the terminal complement inhibitor of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity3 ( @entity3 ) assay in @entity0 exfoliated cells has been widely used to detect the genotoxic effects of environmental mutagens, infectious agents and @entity1 . Substantial variability characterizes the @entity3 frequencies reported by different research groups. One reason for this may be the restricted resolution power of the Feulgen-Fast-Green staining that is routinely used. Here we describe a new version of the @entity3 assay that employs fluorescent @entity2 staining along with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a centromeric probe. Buccal and urothelial cells were collected from 5 healthy unexposed female volunteers and 55,000 cells analyzed for @entity3 frequency and abnormal nuclear events. The Feulgen-Fast-Green and the new fluorescent staining produced very similar results. The frequency of @entity3 in buccal cells was 0.145 +/- 0.118% and in urothelial cells 0.083 +/- 0.074%. No correlation was found between the frequencies of @entity3 in the two types of exfoliated cells. FISH with a centromeric probe allowed @entity3 containing whole chromosomes with a centromere to be differentiated from those containing only acentric fragments. The former appear as a result of chromosome lagging in mitosis, while those without a centromere are due to chromosome breakage. In urothelial cells 43% of @entity3 were centromere-negative and in buccal cells -44%. Fluorescent staining provided more accurate scoring of degenerative cells than standard Feulgen-Fast-Green staining. The combined frequency of pycnotic cells, "broken eggs" and cells with fragmented nuclei did not exceed 2%, while that of karyorrhexis and karyolysis together was as high as 21%. Significant interindividual variability was found in the frequency of cells with karyolysis and karyorrhexis. Thus, the new version of @entity3 assay allows for @entity3 to be scored more precisely, the mechanism of @entity3 formation to be determined and abnormal nuclear events to be readily identified in exfoliated @entity0 cells. It is therefore ideal for studying genotoxicity in @entity0 populations using exfoliated cells from the mouth, bladder and nose.

title: Measurement and characterization of micronuclei in exfoliated XXXX cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization with a centromeric probe.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Back @entity1 represents one of the most common diseases across various populations of workers worldwide. This study analyzes the prevalence and severity of @entity2 , based on selected demographic variables, and the relationship with physical activity among school teachers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 998 professionally active teachers (840 females and 158 males) from the southern part of Poland. Validated psychometric tools, namely: 1) for evaluation of disability due to @entity2 - a Polish version of the @entity3 Index (ODI) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 2) for physical activity assessment - the Subjective Experience of Work Load (SEWL) as well as the authors' supplementary questionnaire, addressing demographic and anthropometric variables were used. RESULTS: There was no correlation between age and the @entity3 scores in females (r = 0.027), in contrast to males (r = 0.202; p  <= 0.05). Statistically significant correlations (p  <= 0.05) were reported between: age and the ODI, in both females (r = 0.219) and males (r = 0.180). No associations between the body mass index (BMI)-ODI, and BMI- @entity3 were found. In the case of @entity0 , disability related to @entity4 ( @entity4 ) had a negative impact on the indicators of their activity during work, sports, and leisure time. In the case of @entity0 , the @entity3 and ODI scores did not differ, based on activity indicators. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm that @entity2 represents a serious concern among teachers. Age appears to be a prognostic factor, while no association between the BMI and @entity4 has been revealed. The limitation of physical activity leads to more frequent @entity2 . Med Pr 2015;66(6):771-778.

title: Back and neck XXXX among school teachers in Poland and its correlations with physical activity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The relation between @entity12 ( @entity12 ), @entity7 and antidepressant consumption has been well explored in major @entity7 but not in @entity4 , which has a high rate of @entity7 comorbidity. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the prevalence of abnormal @entity12 levels, @entity7 and antidepressant consumption in a multicenter community-dwelling sample of subjects with @entity4 (ii) to determine the association between abnormal @entity12 levels, @entity7 and antidepressant consumption in @entity4 . METHOD: 219 stable @entity0 with @entity4 (mean age=31.6 years, 75.3% male gender) were systematically included in the multicentre network of FondaMental Expert Center for @entity4 (FACE-SZ) and assessed with a dedicated electronic medical record including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV @entity2 and Calgary @entity7 Scale for @entity7 . High sensitivity @entity12 (hs- @entity12 ) was measured with an assay using nephelometry (Dade Behring). Abnormal @entity12 level was defined by levels >3mg/L. Current medication was recorded. RESULTS: Overall, 63 subjects (28.8%) were found to have abnormal @entity12 levels, 43 (20.1%) received a diagnosis of comorbid current @entity7 , and 51 (31.9%) had ongoing antidepressant treatment. In univariate analysis, abnormal @entity12 levels were found to be significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (p<0.0001), @entity13 (p=0.0015), high waist circumference (p<0.0001), @entity5 (p=0.0011), @entity11 (p<0.0001) and with antidepressant consumption (p=0.01), while @entity7 , @entity9 symptomatology, age of onset, illness duration, sociodemographic characteristics, current @entity6 or @entity10 status, @entity3 or high fasting @entity8 were not (all p>0.05). In a multivariate model, abnormal @entity12 was associated with antidepressant consumption independently of other confounding variables (adjusted Odds Ratio=2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.22-6.62). @entity5 was also independently associated with abnormal @entity12 (adjusted Odds Ratio=2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.01-6.71). CONCLUSION: Abnormal @entity12 levels in @entity4 were found to be associated with antidepressant consumption, but not with @entity7 . The potential mechanisms were discussed. Antidepressant consumption should be systematically recorded in future studies exploring @entity1 in @entity4 . Future clinical trials of interventions directed at lowering the level of  @entity12  and other inflammatory markers are discussed.

title: Peripheral sub- @entity1 is associated with antidepressant consumption in XXXX . Results from the multi-center FACE-SZ data set.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The relation between @entity12 ( @entity12 ), @entity7 and antidepressant consumption has been well explored in major @entity7 but not in @entity4 , which has a high rate of @entity7 comorbidity. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the prevalence of abnormal @entity12 levels, @entity7 and antidepressant consumption in a multicenter community-dwelling sample of subjects with @entity4 (ii) to determine the association between abnormal @entity12 levels, @entity7 and antidepressant consumption in @entity4 . METHOD: 219 stable @entity0 with @entity4 (mean age=31.6 years, 75.3% male gender) were systematically included in the multicentre network of FondaMental Expert Center for @entity4 (FACE-SZ) and assessed with a dedicated electronic medical record including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV @entity2 and Calgary @entity7 Scale for @entity7 . High sensitivity @entity12 (hs- @entity12 ) was measured with an assay using nephelometry (Dade Behring). Abnormal @entity12 level was defined by levels >3mg/L. Current medication was recorded. RESULTS: Overall, 63 subjects (28.8%) were found to have abnormal @entity12 levels, 43 (20.1%) received a diagnosis of comorbid current @entity7 , and 51 (31.9%) had ongoing antidepressant treatment. In univariate analysis, abnormal @entity12 levels were found to be significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (p<0.0001), @entity13 (p=0.0015), high waist circumference (p<0.0001), @entity5 (p=0.0011), @entity11 (p<0.0001) and with antidepressant consumption (p=0.01), while @entity7 , @entity9 symptomatology, age of onset, illness duration, sociodemographic characteristics, current @entity6 or @entity10 status, @entity3 or high fasting @entity8 were not (all p>0.05). In a multivariate model, abnormal @entity12 was associated with antidepressant consumption independently of other confounding variables (adjusted Odds Ratio=2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.22-6.62). @entity5 was also independently associated with abnormal @entity12 (adjusted Odds Ratio=2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.01-6.71). CONCLUSION: Abnormal @entity12 levels in @entity4 were found to be associated with antidepressant consumption, but not with @entity7 . The potential mechanisms were discussed. Antidepressant consumption should be systematically recorded in future studies exploring @entity1 in @entity4 . Future clinical trials of interventions directed at lowering the level of  @entity12  and other inflammatory markers are discussed.

title: Peripheral sub- XXXX is associated with antidepressant consumption in @entity4 . Results from the multi-center FACE-SZ data set.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) who are in morphologic complete remission are typically considered separately from @entity0 with @entity2 (ie, >=  5% marrow blasts by morphology) in treatment algorithms for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), which implies distinct outcomes for these two groups. It is well recognized that the presence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) at the time of transplantation is associated with adverse post-HCT outcome for those @entity0 in morphologic remission. This effect of pre-HCT @entity1 prompted us to compare outcomes in consecutive @entity0 in @entity1 -positive remission with @entity0 with active @entity3 who underwent myeloablative allogeneic HCT at our institution. @entity0 AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 359 consecutive adults with @entity3 who underwent myeloablative allogeneic HCT from a peripheral blood or bone marrow donor between 2006 and 2014. Pre-HCT disease staging included 10-color multiparametric flow cytometry on bone marrow aspirates in all @entity0 . Any level of @entity2 was considered to be @entity1 positive. RESULTS: Three-year relapse estimates were 67% in 76 @entity0 in @entity1 and 65% in 48 @entity0 with active @entity3 compared with 22% in 235 @entity0 in @entity1 -negative remission. Three-year overall survival estimates were 26%, 23%, and 73% in these three groups, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, @entity1 -negative remission status remained statistically significantly associated with longer overall and progression-free survival as well as lower risk of relapse compared with @entity1 status or having @entity2 , with similar outcomes between the latter two groups. CONCLUSION: The similarities in outcomes between @entity0 in @entity1 and those with @entity2 at the time of HCT support the use of treatment algorithms that use @entity1 - rather than morphology-based disease assessments.

title: Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for XXXX : Time to Move Toward a Minimal Residual Disease-Based Definition of Complete Remission?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine excess mortality in a cohort of @entity0 with @entity2 in Shanghai. METHODS: @entity0 were local residents in 4 (of 19) districts in Shanghai, registered in one of four @entity2 clinics between January  1, 2004 and December 31, 2008. Baseline data were collected at the most recent diagnosis of @entity2 and mortality was assessed between March and May of 2014. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMR) and case-fatality rates for all @entity0 and for subgroups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to quantify associations between co-morbidities and mortality from all causes and from @entity2 . FINDINGS: We registered 4569 subjects in the cohort. Overall, the cohort had an SMR for deaths from all causes of 5.2 (95% confidence interval, CI: 4.8-5.6). Males had a higher SMR than females (6.1 versus 3.0). After adjustment for age and sex, hazard ratios (HR) for deaths from all causes were significantly greater in previously treated @entity0 (HR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.08-1.49) and sputum smear-test positive @entity0 (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.35-1.78). The risk of @entity1 from @entity2 was also significantly greater for previously treated @entity0 (HR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.24-2.86) and smear positive @entity0 (HR: 3.16; 95% CI: 2.06-4.87). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity2 in Shanghai have an increased risk of mortality. Earlier diagnosis and more vigilant follow-up may help to reduce mortality in this group.

title: XXXX -associated mortality in Shanghai, China: a longitudinal study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Superficial @entity3 represent a significant amount of the dental problems that present to hospital. Determining whether an odontogenic swelling is a @entity4 or abscess is difficult, but important as both may require different treatments. The use of an ultrasound may aid in differentiating @entity4 and abscess. This study was done to compare the accuracy of clinical examination alone versus ultrasonography (USG) in the diagnosis of @entity4 and abscess in symptomatic @entity0 with a diagnosis of superficial @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty @entity0 (1870 years) diagnosed as superficial @entity3 by clinical and radiographic examinations were included in the study and @entity0 with significant medical conditions were excluded. The provisional clinical diagnosis was made after a thorough history was taken and clinical examination was performed to determine if the swelling was a @entity4 or abscess. @entity1 was then evaluated using the ultrasonic transducer which was placed over the swelling to aid the diagnosis which was again recorded. An incision and drainage procedure was performed after the administration of local anesthesia. The success of the ultrasound intervention versus clinical examination was based on whether frank exudation was detected during incision and drainage of such swellings. RESULTS: The statistical analysis found that USG is a valuable diagnostic aid for detection of abscess or @entity4 in @entity2 . INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: The findings of this prospective analysis indicate that there was statistical difference between clinical examination alone and USG in making the correct diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, negative predictive, and accuracy were not similar for all methods tested. From the results of this study, ultrasound is recommended as an adjunct to clinical examination in differentiating between @entity4 and abscess.

title: Evaluation of ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool in the management of XXXX : A clinical study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The behavior of salivary @entity2 ( @entity2 ) during chronic irradiation exposure is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the response of @entity2 to prolonged radiation exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 16 @entity1 and four controls were irradiated with either 10 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy or 40 Gy (Gray units) of direct axial beam radiation. Parotid and submandibular glands were removed and examined using immunohistochemical double staining. Proliferating @entity2 were semi-quantified using alpha smooth muscle actin antibodies and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) antibodies. RESULTS: @entity2 proliferative activity increased after radiation in both submandibular (P = 0.037) and parotid groups (P = 0.006) compared to controls. @entity3 was seen only in parotid glands which was almost dose-dependent. Mean percentage @entity2 proliferation did not correlate with the clinical grading or recovery from oral @entity0 (P = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS: Parotid glands are more sensitive to radiation compared to submandibular glands. Further research is needed to determine the role of @entity2 proliferative activity in response to radiation.

title: Proliferative Activity of Myoepithelial Cells in Irradiated XXXX Parotid and Submandibular Salivary Glands.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is defined as a compression of the third portion of the duodenum by the abdominal aorta and the overlying SMA. @entity6 associated with @entity4 has been recognized, mainly among young female @entity0 . The excessive @entity2 owing to the @entity3 sometimes results in a reduced aorto-mesenteric angle and causes @entity7 . Conservative treatment, including @entity1 and nutritional management, is recommended as initial therapy. If conservative treatment fails, surgery is often required. Currently, traditional open bypass surgery has been replaced by laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy as a curative surgical approach. However, single incision laparoscopic approach is rarely performed. A 20-year-old female @entity0 with a @entity6 was prepared for surgery after failed conservative management. As the @entity0 had body image concerns, a single incision laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy was performed to achieve minimal @entity5 . As a result, good perioperative outcomes and cosmetic results were achieved. We show the first case of a young @entity0 with @entity6 who was successfully treated by single incision laparoscopic duodenojejunostomy. This minimal invasive surgery would be beneficial for other @entity0 with @entity6 associated with @entity4 , in terms of both surgical and cosmetic outcomes.

title: Minimally invasive surgery for superior XXXX : A case report.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Plasma concentrations of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), @entity4 , glucagon, @entity1 , @entity2 and free @entity3 (FFA) were measured in Holstein @entity0 , yearlings, bred heifers and primiparous @entity0 , either sired by bulls with high predicted differences (PD) for milk (selection group) or by bulls from an unselected random bred control population (control group; n = 6). Serial blood samples were collected before and after feeding for an 8-h period from 0900 to 1700 h. All animals were fed a complete feed at 1100 h and administered @entity4 (.6 IU/100 kg body weight) at 1400 h. Mean plasma PRL was greater in control animals after feeding and @entity4 administration, while GH was greater overall in selection @entity0 . @entity4 remained elevated longer in selection animals after exogenous administration, and plasma glucagon was increased in the control group. While plasma @entity1 and @entity2 were unaffected by genetic group, plasma FFA were elevated in selection group @entity0 and primiparous @entity0 compared with the control group. All hormones and metabolites differed among the pre- and post-feeding and @entity4 administration periods and also with age. Mean PRL and GH increased after feeding, while glucagon decreased after exogenous @entity4 . Plasma FFA declined after feeding, while @entity2 and @entity1 were similar before and after feeding. Mean PRL increased and glucagon decreased with advancing age and plasma GH and @entity4 showed inverse relationships at different ages. Plasma FFA changes closely followed GH changes with age, while plasma @entity1 more closely followed @entity4 changes with age. Results indicate that all hormones measured and FFA responded to genetic selection for milk, and increases in GH are uniformly associated with increased genetic potential for milk yield.

title: Influence of selection for milk yield on endogenous hormones and metabolites in Holstein heifers and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The article deals with the results of combined treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 by means of systemic thrombolytic therapy, anticoagulant therapy, and rheolytic thrombectomy during the period from 2012 to 2013. Thrombolytic therapy was used in 78 of 187 @entity0 with the confirmed diagnosis of @entity2 (Group 1). The diagnosis was verified and therapeutic results were controlled by means of contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography and perfusion scintigraphy. Thrombolysis was carried out using: tissue plasminogen activator - alteplase (61 cases) with administration of the full dose during 2 hours, streptokinase (14 cases) at a dose of 1.5 million IU in the mode of prolonged infusion during 24 hours and urokinase (3 cases) at a dose of 4400 IU/kg during 12 hours. 109 @entity0 were subjected to anticoagulant therapy (Group 2). Five @entity0 were subjected to rheolytic thrombectomy for desobstruction of the pulmonary artery. The method was used in @entity0 with previously performed ineffective or partially effective thrombolytic therapy, as well as in @entity0 with contraindications to thrombolysis. The lethality rate for TLT amounted to 5.4% and that for anticoagulant therapy 26.6%. Probability of a lethal outcome in Group 2 (anticoagulant therapy) turned out to be 6.71 times higher as compared with Group 1 (thrombolytic therapy). In all cases of using rheolytic thrombectomy we managed to achieve a decrease of the Miller index and systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery. @entity1 was complete in 3 cases. In two cases rheolytic thrombectomy was partially effective and the @entity0 underwent repeat thrombolysis with a good clinical outcome. Using systemic thrombolysis in @entity0 with @entity2 demonstrated a positive effect on the prognosis of survival. Rheolytic thrombectomy contributed to improvement of the results of thrombolytic therapy and may be used as an alternative method of treatment.

title: [Use of thrombolytic therapy and rheolytic thrombectomy in treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Standard surgery alone was not able to decrease local recurrence (LR) rate below 20% in @entity1 treatment. Thus, many centers administered neoadjuvant radiotherapy (preopRTx) with or without concomitant chemotherapy for the prevention of LR. In this study, the results of 164 consecutive @entity0 with mid- and @entity1 who received surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (Group A) or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (Group NA) followed by surgery are presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The staging system used in this study is that of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), also known as the @entity5 system. Eligible @entity0 were required to have radiologically assessed stage 1 (only T2N0M0) to stage 3C (T4bN1-2M0) @entity1 with pathologically confirmed R0 resection. The surgical method was @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Radiotherapy was applied with daily 180 cGy fractions for 28 consecutive days. Chemo-therapy comprised @entity4 (450 mg/m(2)/d) and @entity6 (20 mg/m(2)/d) bolus at days 1-5 and 29-33. RESULTS: Nine @entity0 (13%) in Group NA achieved pathologic complete response (pCR). In Group NA and Group A, locoregional recurrence (LRR) rates were 6.7% and 30.8%, (p<0.001), the mean LR-free survival was 190.0  7.3 months and 148.0  11.7 months (p=0.002) and the mean overall survival (OS) was 119.2  15.3 months and 103.0  9.4 months (p=0.23), respectively. A significant difference with regard to LR has been obtained with a statistical power of 0.92. Secondary outcome measures (DFS and OS) have not been met. CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with @entity2 is an efficient treatment protocol, particularly for the treatment of magnetic resonance imaging-staged 2A to 3C @entity0 with two or three @entity3 . Given that a considerable proportion of @entity0 with cT2N0M0 would develop pCR, this method of treatment can be considered for further studies.

title: Adjuvant versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in XXXX : Comparison of two decades in a single center.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Most microbiome research related to @entity4 has focused on the gut microbiome. This is despite advances in culture independent microbial identification techniques revealing that even healthy lungs possess a unique dynamic microbiome. This conceptual change raises the question; if @entity2 could be causally linked to local dysbiosis of the local lung microbiota. Here, we manipulate the @entity0 lung and gut microbiome, in order to show that the lung microbiota can be changed experimentally. We have used four different approaches: lung @entity1 by exposure to @entity3 nano-tube particles, oral probiotics and oral or intranasal exposure to the antibiotic @entity5 . Bacterial DNA was extracted from broncho-alveolar and nasal lavage fluids, caecum samples and compared by DGGE. Our results show that: the lung microbiota is sex dependent and not just a reflection of the gut microbiota, and that induced @entity1 can change lung microbiota. This change is not transferred to offspring. Oral probiotics in adult @entity0 do not change lung microbiome detectible by DGGE. Nasal @entity5 can change the lung microbiome preferentially, while oral exposure does not. These observations should be considered in future studies of the causal relationship between lung microbiota and @entity2 .

title: The @entity0 Lung Microbiome Changes During Lung Inflammation and Intranasal XXXX Treatment.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Most microbiome research related to @entity4 has focused on the gut microbiome. This is despite advances in culture independent microbial identification techniques revealing that even healthy lungs possess a unique dynamic microbiome. This conceptual change raises the question; if @entity2 could be causally linked to local dysbiosis of the local lung microbiota. Here, we manipulate the @entity0 lung and gut microbiome, in order to show that the lung microbiota can be changed experimentally. We have used four different approaches: lung @entity1 by exposure to @entity3 nano-tube particles, oral probiotics and oral or intranasal exposure to the antibiotic @entity5 . Bacterial DNA was extracted from broncho-alveolar and nasal lavage fluids, caecum samples and compared by DGGE. Our results show that: the lung microbiota is sex dependent and not just a reflection of the gut microbiota, and that induced @entity1 can change lung microbiota. This change is not transferred to offspring. Oral probiotics in adult @entity0 do not change lung microbiome detectible by DGGE. Nasal @entity5 can change the lung microbiome preferentially, while oral exposure does not. These observations should be considered in future studies of the causal relationship between lung microbiota and @entity2 .

title: The XXXX Lung Microbiome Changes During Lung Inflammation and Intranasal @entity5 Treatment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There are limited data regarding long-term outcomes of chronic @entity3 (CMI) of the intestine. We sought to identify treatment outcomes of CMI. The NIS database was used to identify @entity0 admitted for the diagnosis of CMI between 2002 and 2012. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was performed to quantify outcomes of CMI. A total of 160,889 @entity0 were admitted for @entity1 of intestine; of which 7,906 @entity0 underwent surgical/endovascular treatment for CMI. Among @entity0 who underwent surgery 62 per cent had endovascular treatment and 38 per cent had open vascular treatment. Need of open surgery (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.13, P < 0.01) and age >= 70 years (AOR: 3.41, P < 0.01) had strong associations with mortality of @entity0 . Open vascular treatment has higher mortality (AOR: 5.07, P < 0.01) and morbidity (AOR: 2.14, P < 0.01). However, endovascular treatment had higher risk of postoperative wound @entity2 (AOR: 2.81, P < 0.01). Most @entity0 admitted for CMI are treated with endovascular treatment. Endovascular treatment has the advantage of lower mortality and morbidity. Need to open surgery and age >= 70 years have strong associations with mortality of @entity0 .

title: Early Outcome of Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a combined supplementation with @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity8 on the morphology of the thyroid in @entity0 with benign diseases. The clinical examination and treatment approach aims additionally at treating @entity2 . METHODS: A group of 8 @entity0 (5 with @entity5 , 3 with @entity4 ) who initially attended a public institution received additional treatment at our private institution. The basic pharmacological treatment, i.e. substitution or thyreostatic, was kept unchanged. The inclusion of @entity0 required good quality ultrasound images to be available. RESULTS: Initially the changes of the musculoskeletal system were corrected. Following this, stress components were also treated. After a period of 2-4  years of supplementation we observed a normalization of thyroid morphology as evidenced on ultrasound while at the same time there was a reduction of perfusion intensity. Thyroid antibody titers decreased in the majority of cases. Failure of the treatment was seen in 2 cases of @entity9 that was present for more than 10  years. The ultrasound images of these @entity0 suggest a possible @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the limitation due to the small number of cases, our observational study has delivered proof of concept for our examination and treatment model for @entity3 . GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results challenge validity of the prevailing dogma of a destructive unstoppable "autoimmune" destructive process of the gland. At the same time it shows new therapeutic options for @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Proof of concept of the WOMED model of @entity3 : Restitution of thyroid morphology after correction of physical and psychological stressors and XXXX supplementation.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a combined supplementation with @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity8 on the morphology of the thyroid in @entity0 with benign diseases. The clinical examination and treatment approach aims additionally at treating @entity2 . METHODS: A group of 8 @entity0 (5 with @entity5 , 3 with @entity4 ) who initially attended a public institution received additional treatment at our private institution. The basic pharmacological treatment, i.e. substitution or thyreostatic, was kept unchanged. The inclusion of @entity0 required good quality ultrasound images to be available. RESULTS: Initially the changes of the musculoskeletal system were corrected. Following this, stress components were also treated. After a period of 2-4  years of supplementation we observed a normalization of thyroid morphology as evidenced on ultrasound while at the same time there was a reduction of perfusion intensity. Thyroid antibody titers decreased in the majority of cases. Failure of the treatment was seen in 2 cases of @entity9 that was present for more than 10  years. The ultrasound images of these @entity0 suggest a possible @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the limitation due to the small number of cases, our observational study has delivered proof of concept for our examination and treatment model for @entity3 . GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results challenge validity of the prevailing dogma of a destructive unstoppable "autoimmune" destructive process of the gland. At the same time it shows new therapeutic options for @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Proof of concept of the WOMED model of XXXX : Restitution of thyroid morphology after correction of physical and psychological stressors and @entity6 supplementation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity12 ( @entity12 ) is a life-threatening condition that can complicate @entity10 ( @entity10 ). Due to its rarity, there is no clear consensus concerning treatment recommendations and outcomes. We studied the clinical manifestations and outcomes of a relatively large cohort of @entity0 with @entity12 and @entity10 , and compared the data with the literature reports. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 7 adult @entity0 with @entity12 complicating @entity10 at the Cleveland Clinic (CCF) over 7 years. All @entity0 underwent bone marrow biopsies. Through MEDLINE and PubMed literature searches, we identified 48 cases of @entity12 / @entity10 . We compared the data of the CCF and literature cohorts. RESULTS: We identified 7 @entity0 with @entity12 complicating @entity10 (6 females and 1 males) for our CCF cohort, with 4 cases simultaneously presenting with @entity12 and @entity10 . The mean age at diagnosis of @entity12 was 41.9    20.2 years and mean follow-up time was 18.6    16.0 months. All @entity0 had @entity3 , @entity8 , and typical @entity6 ; 6 had @entity5 , 4 had sore throat, and 3 had @entity7 . These @entity0 with @entity10 also had @entity12 , with @entity1 and disseminated @entity9 in 4, lung involvement in 3, and @entity11 and shock in 2. There was significant @entity4 in all @entity0 and 6 had bi-cytopenias. At onset of @entity12 , all 7 @entity0 had active @entity10 . In addition to systemic glucocorticoids, 5 @entity0 received anakinra, with 3 @entity0 receiving combination therapy with @entity2 . We also identified 48 cases (35 females and 13 males) for the literature cohort with the mean age at diagnosis of @entity12 of 40.2    16.0 years and mean follow-up time of 17.5    32.3 months. While the 2 cohorts were similar clinically, in the CCF cohort, more @entity0 had @entity1 (p < 0.001), higher soluble IL-2 receptor level (p = 0.01), and lower ESR (p = 0.02) as compared with the literature cohort. All of our @entity0 survived with a better outcome than the literature cohort. CONCLUSION: @entity12 can be a serious complication of active @entity10 . Our study of a relatively large cohort in conjunction with literature suggests that prompt recognition and treatment with early addition of anakinra, systemic glucocorticoids, and @entity2 as a triple regimen may improve clinical outcomes.

title: XXXX complicating @entity10 : A single center case series and comparison with literature.

answer: @entity12


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity12 ( @entity12 ) is a life-threatening condition that can complicate @entity10 ( @entity10 ). Due to its rarity, there is no clear consensus concerning treatment recommendations and outcomes. We studied the clinical manifestations and outcomes of a relatively large cohort of @entity0 with @entity12 and @entity10 , and compared the data with the literature reports. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 7 adult @entity0 with @entity12 complicating @entity10 at the Cleveland Clinic (CCF) over 7 years. All @entity0 underwent bone marrow biopsies. Through MEDLINE and PubMed literature searches, we identified 48 cases of @entity12 / @entity10 . We compared the data of the CCF and literature cohorts. RESULTS: We identified 7 @entity0 with @entity12 complicating @entity10 (6 females and 1 males) for our CCF cohort, with 4 cases simultaneously presenting with @entity12 and @entity10 . The mean age at diagnosis of @entity12 was 41.9    20.2 years and mean follow-up time was 18.6    16.0 months. All @entity0 had @entity3 , @entity8 , and typical @entity6 ; 6 had @entity5 , 4 had sore throat, and 3 had @entity7 . These @entity0 with @entity10 also had @entity12 , with @entity1 and disseminated @entity9 in 4, lung involvement in 3, and @entity11 and shock in 2. There was significant @entity4 in all @entity0 and 6 had bi-cytopenias. At onset of @entity12 , all 7 @entity0 had active @entity10 . In addition to systemic glucocorticoids, 5 @entity0 received anakinra, with 3 @entity0 receiving combination therapy with @entity2 . We also identified 48 cases (35 females and 13 males) for the literature cohort with the mean age at diagnosis of @entity12 of 40.2    16.0 years and mean follow-up time of 17.5    32.3 months. While the 2 cohorts were similar clinically, in the CCF cohort, more @entity0 had @entity1 (p < 0.001), higher soluble IL-2 receptor level (p = 0.01), and lower ESR (p = 0.02) as compared with the literature cohort. All of our @entity0 survived with a better outcome than the literature cohort. CONCLUSION: @entity12 can be a serious complication of active @entity10 . Our study of a relatively large cohort in conjunction with literature suggests that prompt recognition and treatment with early addition of anakinra, systemic glucocorticoids, and @entity2 as a triple regimen may improve clinical outcomes.

title: @entity12 complicating XXXX : A single center case series and comparison with literature.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity6 ( @entity6 ), abnormal cardiac function is typically preceded by a decade of @entity2 . Molecular reasons for differences in onset and progression of these muscle groups are unknown. @entity0 biomarkers are lacking. METHODS: We analyzed cardiac and skeletal muscle microarrays from normal and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity3 (ages 6, 12, or 47+ mo) to gain insight into @entity2 and to identify putative @entity6 biomarkers. These biomarkers were then measured using @entity0 @entity6 blood samples. RESULTS: We identified @entity8 candidate genes that might contribute to the disparity between @entity4 , focusing on @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 / @entity5 , hereafter indicated as @entity5 ). @entity7 was elevated in cardiac muscle of younger @entity8 but was unaltered in skeletal muscle, while @entity5 was increased only in @entity8 skeletal muscle. In @entity0 @entity6 , circulating levels of @entity7 were inversely correlated with ventricular function and @entity1 , while @entity5 levels correlated with skeletal muscle function. CONCLUSION: These results highlight gene expression patterns that could account for differences in @entity4 in @entity8 . Most notably, animal model-derived data were translated to @entity6 and support use of @entity7 and @entity5 as biomarkers for cardiac and skeletal muscle involvement, respectively.

title: Translating XXXX microarray findings to novel biomarkers for @entity2 in @entity6 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity6 ( @entity6 ), abnormal cardiac function is typically preceded by a decade of @entity2 . Molecular reasons for differences in onset and progression of these muscle groups are unknown. @entity0 biomarkers are lacking. METHODS: We analyzed cardiac and skeletal muscle microarrays from normal and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity3 (ages 6, 12, or 47+ mo) to gain insight into @entity2 and to identify putative @entity6 biomarkers. These biomarkers were then measured using @entity0 @entity6 blood samples. RESULTS: We identified @entity8 candidate genes that might contribute to the disparity between @entity4 , focusing on @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 / @entity5 , hereafter indicated as @entity5 ). @entity7 was elevated in cardiac muscle of younger @entity8 but was unaltered in skeletal muscle, while @entity5 was increased only in @entity8 skeletal muscle. In @entity0 @entity6 , circulating levels of @entity7 were inversely correlated with ventricular function and @entity1 , while @entity5 levels correlated with skeletal muscle function. CONCLUSION: These results highlight gene expression patterns that could account for differences in @entity4 in @entity8 . Most notably, animal model-derived data were translated to @entity6 and support use of @entity7 and @entity5 as biomarkers for cardiac and skeletal muscle involvement, respectively.

title: Translating @entity8 microarray findings to novel biomarkers for XXXX in @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity6 ( @entity6 ), abnormal cardiac function is typically preceded by a decade of @entity2 . Molecular reasons for differences in onset and progression of these muscle groups are unknown. @entity0 biomarkers are lacking. METHODS: We analyzed cardiac and skeletal muscle microarrays from normal and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity3 (ages 6, 12, or 47+ mo) to gain insight into @entity2 and to identify putative @entity6 biomarkers. These biomarkers were then measured using @entity0 @entity6 blood samples. RESULTS: We identified @entity8 candidate genes that might contribute to the disparity between @entity4 , focusing on @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 / @entity5 , hereafter indicated as @entity5 ). @entity7 was elevated in cardiac muscle of younger @entity8 but was unaltered in skeletal muscle, while @entity5 was increased only in @entity8 skeletal muscle. In @entity0 @entity6 , circulating levels of @entity7 were inversely correlated with ventricular function and @entity1 , while @entity5 levels correlated with skeletal muscle function. CONCLUSION: These results highlight gene expression patterns that could account for differences in @entity4 in @entity8 . Most notably, animal model-derived data were translated to @entity6 and support use of @entity7 and @entity5 as biomarkers for cardiac and skeletal muscle involvement, respectively.

title: Translating @entity8 microarray findings to novel biomarkers for @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: According to most existing models, a computer is usually needed for predicting @entity2 outcome. Our purpose was to construct a simple and reliable prognostic scale not requiring the use of a calculating machine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The scale [the Bologna Outcome Algorithm for @entity2 ( @entity8 )] was obtained in 221 @entity0 with @entity4 not undergoing thrombolysis and was then validated in a test group of 100 different @entity0 . Outcome was assessed at 9 months as the number of dependent or dead @entity0 (modified Rankin scale - @entity7 ). RESULTS: By a preliminary systematic univariate analysis, 25 of 415 baseline variables were found to be associated with a @entity7 independently of @entity2 severity and age. Subsequent multivariable analyses led to a final model based on five dichotomous @entity6 ( @entity6 ): National Institutes of Health @entity2 Scale score >= 10, age >= 78, need of urinary catheter, @entity1 administration, and persistence of @entity5 at discharge from @entity2 unit. The @entity0 with two or more @entity6 (53%) had a @entity7 in 91% of cases and were dead in 42% of cases. With 0-1 @entity6 , the two percentages were 24% and 2%, respectively (overall accuracy of prediction 83.9%, area under ROC curve [AUC] 0.891). In the test group, the accuracy was 79.0% and the AUC was 0.839. CONCLUSIONS: The need of urinary catheter, @entity1 administration, and persistence of @entity5 , together with @entity2 severity and advanced age, allow a simple and accurate prediction of dependency or @entity3 after @entity4 .

title: A simple scoring system for outcome prediction of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Validation of biomarkers is essential to advance the translational process to clinical application. Although there exists an increasing number of reports on small non-coding RNAs (microRNAs) as minimally-invasive markers from blood, serum or plasma, just a limited number is verified in follow-up studies. We used qRT-PCR to evaluate a known miRNA signature measured from blood that allowed for separation between @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity2 and healthy controls.From the data of our previous microarray studies we selected a panel of 235 miRNAs related to @entity1 and @entity2 . We observed a high concordance between the AUC values of our initial microarray screening and the qRT-PCR data (correlation of 0.704, p < 10-16). Overall, 90.3% of markers were successfully validated. Among the top markers that were concordant between both studies we found hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, and hsa-miR-106a-5p. The qRT-PCR analysis also confirmed that @entity3 @entity0 could be accurately differentiated from unaffected controls: a subset of five markers was sufficient to separate @entity3 @entity0 from unaffected controls with accuracy of 94.5% (specificity and sensitivity of 98% and 91%). Beyond differentiation from controls, we also succeeded in separating @entity3 @entity0 from @entity0 with @entity2 . MiRNAs that were identified as relevant for the separation between @entity1 and @entity2 by both qRT-PCR and the array-based studies included hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-328-3p and hsa-miR-1224-3p. Although for differentiation between @entity3 @entity0 from @entity2 @entity0 more markers were required, still high accuracy rates were obtained (5 markers: 78.8%; 10 markers: 83.9%; 50 markers: 87.6%).

title: High-throughput qRT-PCR validation of blood microRNAs in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Digestive @entity5 are a rare entity. They may be sporadic (solitary @entity5 ) or reveal genetic predisposition like @entity7 , @entity6 or @entity4 . SUMMARY: Diagnosis is based on personal and family history and on clinical data including physical signs (in particular dermatological), endoscopic findings (the number of @entity5 ) and histological features of the @entity5 . The risk of complications and of digestive and extra-digestive cancers may be high, especially in case of genetic predisposition syndromes, and requires multidisciplinary management of the @entity0 (oncogenetic counseling, gastroenterologist, pathologist, dermatologist, gynecologist and endocrinologist). Endoscopic evaluation is very helpful to establish the current situation, to perform polypectomy and to allow for good histological examination of the @entity5 , whose degeneration has been exceptionally described. The recent development of new molecular techniques (next-generation DNA sequencing) allows for rapid multiple gene sequencing and facilitates diagnosis. KEY MESSAGE: Discovery of a @entity5 requires a rigorous work-up which should be performed by a multidisciplinary team, including a genetic oncologist, experienced in this pathology. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The diagnostic procedure in @entity5 should be based on the number of @entity5 identified during endoscopy (solitary versus multiple) and on their histological characteristics. The clinical examination must search for mucosal and @entity2 . If a @entity6 is identified, oncogenetic consultation is necessary in order to define screening modalities for family members, aiming at preventing @entity1 development. Endoscopic resection (polypectomy) of the lesions may prevent complications like @entity3 and degeneration and also diminish the risk of surgery and subsequent @entity8 .

title: XXXX in the Gastrointestinal Tract.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We present a case of @entity8 with acute urinary retention secondary to urethral @entity1 . This presentation, and similar cases of urethral @entity1 from this @entity2 , have not been reported previously. CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old Caucasian @entity0 presented to hospital with a history of acute urinary retention. On examination he was found to have right testicular enlargement with raised b- @entity0 chorionic gonadotrophin, serum a-fetoprotein and @entity4 dehydrogenase levels. He underwent radical left inguinal orchidectomy and histology confirmed a @entity8 . Cystoscopy carried out due to urinary retention showed penile @entity1 and the biopsy confirmed metastatic malignant undifferentiated @entity3 . Staging computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed pulmonary, pelvic nodal, ischial and penile @entity1 . The diagnosis of the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group of poor prognosis metastatic @entity8 was made, following which he received four cycles of @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity5 chemotherapy with curative intent. He had a complete marker and an excellent radiological response. He is currently under follow up. CONCLUSION: The unusual presentation of lymphovascular spread in this case of @entity8 highlights the need to include routine pelvic imaging in the assessment and follow up of @entity2 .

title: Urethral XXXX from non-seminomatous germ cell tumor: a case report.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 and obstruction are major complications for @entity4 in @entity0 with post- @entity2 @entity3 . In an effort to (1) reduce the incidence of these complications, (2) reduce the rate of shunt failure and (3) shorten the duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation, we have implemented valveless @entity4 at our department for adult @entity0 with post- @entity2 @entity3 and @entity2 cerebrospinal fluid at the time of shunt insertion. METHODS: All adult @entity0 (>18  years old) treated for post- @entity2 @entity3 with ventriculoperitoneal shunting at our institution from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2014 were included in this retrospective population-based consecutive cohort study. Data were collected by retrospectively reviewing medical records. We compared two different shunt modalities (valveless vs valve-regulated), analysing frequencies of complications, shunt survival and duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation. RESULTS: A total of 214 @entity0 aged 22-86 (mean age, 60.5        11.5  years) were included, comprising 137 valveless and 77 valve-regulated shunts. We found no difference in the rate of surgical shunt revision (p   =   0.65) or differences in time interval from insertion to first surgical revision (p   =   0.31) between the two shunt modalities. The duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation was shorter for @entity0 receiving a valveless shunt (p   =   0.004). @entity0 with valveless shunts had a lower rate of @entity1 (5.1  % vs 14.3  %, p   =   0.02), but a higher rate of overdrainage (10.3  % vs 2.6  %, p   =   0.04). CONCLUSION: The use of a valveless shunting for @entity0 with post- @entity2 @entity3 results in shorter duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation and lower rate of @entity1 , although these advantages should be held up against the risk of overdrainage. We propose valveless shunting to be used as first-line shunting strategy in this @entity0 category, with careful follow-up ensuring that these are substituted by a valve-bearing system if necessary.

title: Valved or valveless ventriculoperitoneal shunting in the treatment of post- XXXX @entity3 : a population-based consecutive cohort study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 and obstruction are major complications for @entity4 in @entity0 with post- @entity2 @entity3 . In an effort to (1) reduce the incidence of these complications, (2) reduce the rate of shunt failure and (3) shorten the duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation, we have implemented valveless @entity4 at our department for adult @entity0 with post- @entity2 @entity3 and @entity2 cerebrospinal fluid at the time of shunt insertion. METHODS: All adult @entity0 (>18  years old) treated for post- @entity2 @entity3 with ventriculoperitoneal shunting at our institution from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2014 were included in this retrospective population-based consecutive cohort study. Data were collected by retrospectively reviewing medical records. We compared two different shunt modalities (valveless vs valve-regulated), analysing frequencies of complications, shunt survival and duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation. RESULTS: A total of 214 @entity0 aged 22-86 (mean age, 60.5        11.5  years) were included, comprising 137 valveless and 77 valve-regulated shunts. We found no difference in the rate of surgical shunt revision (p   =   0.65) or differences in time interval from insertion to first surgical revision (p   =   0.31) between the two shunt modalities. The duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation was shorter for @entity0 receiving a valveless shunt (p   =   0.004). @entity0 with valveless shunts had a lower rate of @entity1 (5.1  % vs 14.3  %, p   =   0.02), but a higher rate of overdrainage (10.3  % vs 2.6  %, p   =   0.04). CONCLUSION: The use of a valveless shunting for @entity0 with post- @entity2 @entity3 results in shorter duration of neurosurgical hospitalisation and lower rate of @entity1 , although these advantages should be held up against the risk of overdrainage. We propose valveless shunting to be used as first-line shunting strategy in this @entity0 category, with careful follow-up ensuring that these are substituted by a valve-bearing system if necessary.

title: Valved or valveless ventriculoperitoneal shunting in the treatment of post- @entity2 XXXX : a population-based consecutive cohort study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intensive insulin therapy is the gold standard therapy for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . To achieve optimal glycemic control, adjustments of insulin dose at mealtimes must be made taking into account several parameters: blood @entity1 levels, insulin/ @entity3 ratio, @entity3 intake, and physical activity. Calsulin (Thorpe Products Ltd., Cambridge, UK) is a new tool for the administration of insulin dose before each meal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Calsulin on metabolic control in @entity2 @entity0 undergoing intensive insulin therapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty consecutive @entity0 affected by @entity2 , 18-65 years old, with disease duration of >1 year, were randomized to Calsulin or to the control group. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was evaluated at entry into the study and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Paired t test (two tailed) and analysis of variance were used to evaluate differences in HbA1c at 3 and 6 months in the two groups. RESULTS: HbA1c at entry was 7.9    1.0% (SD) in the Calsulin-treated group and 7.8    1.6% (SD) in control @entity0 (P not significant). Data showed a slight improvement in HbA1c levels at 3 months in the Calsulin-treated group (-0.61% vs. -0.14% difference, respectively; P not significant). At the 6-month follow-up, a significant reduction in HbA1c levels was observed in the Calsulin-treated group versus the control group (-0.85% vs. -0.07% difference, respectively; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Calsulin is an acceptable and practical tool that makes the process of calculating insulin doses easy to use, and, most importantly, it improves metabolic control as shown by a significant reduction of HbA1c levels.

title: A novel insulin unit calculator for the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity2