abstract: The interaction between barrier-to-autointegration factor dimer ( @entity6 ) and LEM domain of @entity4 (Em(LEM)) was studied by molecular simulation methods. Nonspecific fragment of double-strand DNA molecule was docked with each chain of @entity6 by ZDOCK program. The model of @entity5 : @entity6 :Em(LEM) was thus constructed. The mutant @entity7 of @entity6 was manually constructed to explore the detailed effect of the mutation on the binding of @entity6 and Em(LEM). It has been experimentally suggested that point mutation @entity7 can disturb the binding between @entity6 and Em(LEM). Then, @entity0 ( @entity0 ) simulations were performed on @entity5 : @entity6 ( @entity3 ):Em(LEM) and @entity5 : @entity6 (MT):Em(LEM) complexes. 30ns trajectories revealed that the trajectory fluctuations of MT complex are more violent than that of the @entity3 complex. Further, the binding free energy analysis showed that the electronegative residues @entity2 57, @entity1 61 and @entity2 65 from chain A, glu36 from chain B of @entity6 mainly contribute to interact with Em(LEM). Besides, a stable   -   stack between trp62 and phe39 from @entity6 ( @entity3 ) chain B is destroyed by @entity1 25 in @entity6 (MT). As a result, trp62 forms an interaction with glu25, and phe39 converts to strengthen affinity to Em(LEM). On the other hand, Trp62 from chain A also forms a strong interaction with MT @entity1 25. Thus, with the docking of DNA, @entity6 (MT) has higher affinity with Em(LEM) than @entity6 ( @entity3 ).

title: Molecular simulation investigation on the interaction between barrier-to-autointegration factor dimer or its XXXX mutant and LEM domain of @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: The interaction between barrier-to-autointegration factor dimer ( @entity6 ) and LEM domain of @entity4 (Em(LEM)) was studied by molecular simulation methods. Nonspecific fragment of double-strand DNA molecule was docked with each chain of @entity6 by ZDOCK program. The model of @entity5 : @entity6 :Em(LEM) was thus constructed. The mutant @entity7 of @entity6 was manually constructed to explore the detailed effect of the mutation on the binding of @entity6 and Em(LEM). It has been experimentally suggested that point mutation @entity7 can disturb the binding between @entity6 and Em(LEM). Then, @entity0 ( @entity0 ) simulations were performed on @entity5 : @entity6 ( @entity3 ):Em(LEM) and @entity5 : @entity6 (MT):Em(LEM) complexes. 30ns trajectories revealed that the trajectory fluctuations of MT complex are more violent than that of the @entity3 complex. Further, the binding free energy analysis showed that the electronegative residues @entity2 57, @entity1 61 and @entity2 65 from chain A, glu36 from chain B of @entity6 mainly contribute to interact with Em(LEM). Besides, a stable   -   stack between trp62 and phe39 from @entity6 ( @entity3 ) chain B is destroyed by @entity1 25 in @entity6 (MT). As a result, trp62 forms an interaction with glu25, and phe39 converts to strengthen affinity to Em(LEM). On the other hand, Trp62 from chain A also forms a strong interaction with MT @entity1 25. Thus, with the docking of DNA, @entity6 (MT) has higher affinity with Em(LEM) than @entity6 ( @entity3 ).

title: Molecular simulation investigation on the interaction between barrier-to-autointegration factor dimer or its @entity7 mutant and LEM domain of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We performed an association between high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and single or multiple vaccine-target as well as non-vaccine target @entity1 ) types. Using bead-based HPV genotyping, 594 gynecological samples were genotyped. An association between squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and presence of @entity2 , 18, 31, 58 and 56 types were calculated. The risk was estimated by using odds ratio (OR) and 95% of confidence intervals (CI). A total of 370 (62.3%) @entity0 were HPV positive. Among these, 157 (42.7%) presented a single HPV infection, and 212 (57.3%) were infected by more than one HPV type. HPV31 was the most prevalent genotype, regardless single and multiple HPV infections. Single infection with HPV31 was associated with LSIL (OR=2.32; 95%CI: 1.01 to 5.32; p=0.04); HPV31 was also associated with LSIL (OR=3.28; 95%CI: 1.74 to 6.19; p= 0.0002) and HSIL (OR=3.82; 95%CI: 2.10 to 6.97; p<0.001) in multiple HPV infections. Risk to harbor cervical lesions was observed in multiple HPV infections with regard to the HPV56 (OR=5.39; 95%CI: 2.44 to 11.90; p<0.001for LSIL; OR=5.37; 95%CI: 2.71 to 10.69; p<0.001) and HPV58 (OR=3.29; 95%CI: 1.34 to 8.09; p=0.0091 for LSIL; OR=3.55; 95%CI: 1.56 to 8.11; p=0.0026) genotypes. In addition, @entity0 coinfected with @entity2 /31/56 types had 6 and 5-fold increased risk of HSIL (OR=6.46; 95%CI: 1.89 to 22.09; p=0.002) and LSIL (OR=5.22; 95%CI: 1.10 to 24.70; p=0.03), respectively. Multiple HPV infections without @entity2 /18 has 2-fold increased risk of HSIL (OR=2.57; 95%CI: 1.41 to 4.70; p=0.002) and LSIL OR=2.03; 95%CI: 1.08 to 3.79; p=0.02). The results of this study suggest that single and multiple vaccine target as well as non-vaccine target HPV types are associated with LSIL and HSIL. These finding should be taken into consideration in the design of HPV vaccination strategies.

title: Association Study between Cervical Lesions and Single or Multiple Vaccine-Target and Non-Vaccine Target XXXX ) Types in @entity0 from Northeastern Brazil.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We performed an association between high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and single or multiple vaccine-target as well as non-vaccine target @entity1 ) types. Using bead-based HPV genotyping, 594 gynecological samples were genotyped. An association between squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) and presence of @entity2 , 18, 31, 58 and 56 types were calculated. The risk was estimated by using odds ratio (OR) and 95% of confidence intervals (CI). A total of 370 (62.3%) @entity0 were HPV positive. Among these, 157 (42.7%) presented a single HPV infection, and 212 (57.3%) were infected by more than one HPV type. HPV31 was the most prevalent genotype, regardless single and multiple HPV infections. Single infection with HPV31 was associated with LSIL (OR=2.32; 95%CI: 1.01 to 5.32; p=0.04); HPV31 was also associated with LSIL (OR=3.28; 95%CI: 1.74 to 6.19; p= 0.0002) and HSIL (OR=3.82; 95%CI: 2.10 to 6.97; p<0.001) in multiple HPV infections. Risk to harbor cervical lesions was observed in multiple HPV infections with regard to the HPV56 (OR=5.39; 95%CI: 2.44 to 11.90; p<0.001for LSIL; OR=5.37; 95%CI: 2.71 to 10.69; p<0.001) and HPV58 (OR=3.29; 95%CI: 1.34 to 8.09; p=0.0091 for LSIL; OR=3.55; 95%CI: 1.56 to 8.11; p=0.0026) genotypes. In addition, @entity0 coinfected with @entity2 /31/56 types had 6 and 5-fold increased risk of HSIL (OR=6.46; 95%CI: 1.89 to 22.09; p=0.002) and LSIL (OR=5.22; 95%CI: 1.10 to 24.70; p=0.03), respectively. Multiple HPV infections without @entity2 /18 has 2-fold increased risk of HSIL (OR=2.57; 95%CI: 1.41 to 4.70; p=0.002) and LSIL OR=2.03; 95%CI: 1.08 to 3.79; p=0.02). The results of this study suggest that single and multiple vaccine target as well as non-vaccine target HPV types are associated with LSIL and HSIL. These finding should be taken into consideration in the design of HPV vaccination strategies.

title: Association Study between Cervical Lesions and Single or Multiple Vaccine-Target and Non-Vaccine Target @entity1 ) Types in XXXX from Northeastern Brazil.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated the increase in the prevalence of @entity1 with mixed features following the replacement of DSM-IV-TR criteria with @entity3 criteria. Additionally, we examined the clinical implications of the use of "with mixed features" as a specifier with @entity1 . METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed medical charts from 2003 to 2013. A total of 331 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 using the DSM-IV TR were enrolled and categorized into four groups: @entity1 /hypomanic with mixed features, @entity1 /hypomanic without mixed features, @entity2 with mixed features, and @entity2 without mixed features. These classifications were made in accordance with the @entity3 definition of @entity1 "with mixed features." Changes in the prevalence, demographic and clinical characteristics were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of mixed features were significantly different when using the @entity3 criteria vs. the DSM-IV-TR criteria. @entity0 with mixed features had a younger age of onset, younger age at hospitalization, more frequent hospitalizations for mixed episodes, and greater suicide risk compared with @entity0 without mixed features. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study may have resulted in under diagnosis of mixed states. CONCLUSIONS: An approximately three-fold greater risk for mixed features was observed in @entity0 with @entity1 when using the @entity3 criteria than when using the DSM-IV-TR criteria. The additional @entity0 may represent @entity0 with sub-syndromal mixed features and could indicate that @entity0 with mixed features are underdiagnosed.

title: Prevalence rates and clinical implications of XXXX "with mixed features" as defined by @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated the increase in the prevalence of @entity1 with mixed features following the replacement of DSM-IV-TR criteria with @entity3 criteria. Additionally, we examined the clinical implications of the use of "with mixed features" as a specifier with @entity1 . METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed medical charts from 2003 to 2013. A total of 331 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 using the DSM-IV TR were enrolled and categorized into four groups: @entity1 /hypomanic with mixed features, @entity1 /hypomanic without mixed features, @entity2 with mixed features, and @entity2 without mixed features. These classifications were made in accordance with the @entity3 definition of @entity1 "with mixed features." Changes in the prevalence, demographic and clinical characteristics were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of mixed features were significantly different when using the @entity3 criteria vs. the DSM-IV-TR criteria. @entity0 with mixed features had a younger age of onset, younger age at hospitalization, more frequent hospitalizations for mixed episodes, and greater suicide risk compared with @entity0 without mixed features. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study may have resulted in under diagnosis of mixed states. CONCLUSIONS: An approximately three-fold greater risk for mixed features was observed in @entity0 with @entity1 when using the @entity3 criteria than when using the DSM-IV-TR criteria. The additional @entity0 may represent @entity0 with sub-syndromal mixed features and could indicate that @entity0 with mixed features are underdiagnosed.

title: Prevalence rates and clinical implications of @entity1 "with mixed features" as defined by XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: When evaluating gender differences in @entity1 and suicidality, specifically between European countries, studies are sparse and frequently hindered by methodological issues, such as the limited items evaluated and inconsistent sampling designs. METHODS: In ten European countries participating in the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, lifetime internalizing and externalizing disorders and suicidality were assessed among 37,289 respondents. Disorders were classified using DMS-IV criteria. Odds ratios (OR) for gender differences were calculated using logistic regression, while trends across age-groups were tested via gender*age interaction. RESULTS: Within countries, prevalence of any lifetime internalizing disorder ranged from 10.8% to 44.5% among @entity0 and 5.9% to 26.5% among @entity0 , with @entity0 having consistently higher odds than @entity0 (OR range: 1.52-2.73). Prevalence of any lifetime externalizing disorders ranged from 0.2% to 6.6% among @entity0 and 2.2% to 22.4% among @entity0 , with @entity0 having consistently lower odds than @entity0 (OR range: 0.05-0.35). Any lifetime suicide attempt was found in 0.8-5.4% of @entity0 and 0.3-2.4% of @entity0 , showing inconsistent relative gender-differences across countries (OR range: 0.77-4.72). Significant effects in gender OR across age-groups were not observed for any internalizing disorder or suicide attempt, yet were present for any externalizing disorder in France (p=0.01), the Netherlands (p=0.05), and Spain (p=0.02). LIMITATIONS: @entity1 were assessed with the CIDI 3.0 and not psychiatric evaluations. Suicidality does not fully represent more important clinical events, such as suicide mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent across European countries, internalizing disorders are more common among @entity0 and externalizing disorders among @entity0 , whereas gender differences in suicidality varied.

title: Gender differences in XXXX and suicidality in Europe: Results from a large cross-sectional population-based study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most common @entity2 . An evidence-based pharmacological treatment for @entity4 is still lacking, but @entity7 have shown therapeutic potential. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of the flavonoid monoHER on the onset of @entity4 in @entity5 (-/-) @entity0 on a high-fat and high- @entity1 diet. The focus was put on the effect on oxidative stress as well as the adaptive response. Wild type @entity0 served as a control and the effect of monoHER was compared to that of a placebo. In the @entity5 (-/-) group, monoHER provided only a mild protection against oxidative stress. In the placebo @entity5 (-/-) group an adaptive response elicited by the @entity9 antioxidant defense system was observed, evidenced by a higher HO-1 and @entity10 gene expression, as well as an increased redox status, evidenced by the higher @entity6 / @entity8 ratio. In the monoHER treated @entity5 (-/-) group both the adaptive response as well as the increase in redox status tended to be higher, although this did not reach significance on a group level. Unexpectedly, a strong within animal relationship was found that links a high adaptive response to a low redox status in the monoHER @entity5 (-/-) group. This correlation was absent in the placebo and wild type group. The concept that emerges is that a @entity3 -reactive oxidation product of monoHER, formed during oxidative stress, selectively induces the @entity9 pathway and enforces the endogenous antioxidant shield, to provide protection against @entity4 .

title: The flavonoid monoHER promotes the adaption to oxidative stress during the onset of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Ongoing climate change will lead to more extreme weather events, including severe drought periods and intense drying rewetting cycles. This will directly influence microbial @entity2 (N) turnover rates in soil by changing the water content and the @entity0 partial pressure. Therefore, a space for time climate change experiment was conducted by transferring intact beech seedling-soil mesocosms from a northwest (NW) exposed site, representing today's climatic conditions, to a southwest (SW) exposed site, providing a model climate for future conditions with naturally occurring increased soil temperature (+0.8  C in average). In addition, severe drought and intense rainfall was simulated by a rainout shelter at SW and manual rewetting after 39 days drought, respectively. Soil samples were taken in June, at the end of the drought period (August), 24 and 72 hours after rewetting (August) and after a regeneration period of four weeks (September). To follow dynamics of bacterial and archaeal communities involved in N turnover, abundance and activity of nitrifiers, denitrifiers, N2-fixing microbes and N-mineralizers was analyzed based on marker genes and the related transcripts by qPCR from DNA and RNA directly extracted from soil. Abundance of the transcripts was reduced under climate change with most pronounced effects for denitrification. Our results revealed that already a transfer from NW to SW without further treatment resulted in decreased cnor and nosZ transcripts, encoding for @entity1 reductase and nitrous @entity5 reductase, respectively, while nirK transcripts, encoding for @entity3 reductase, remained unaffected. Severe drought additionally led to reduced nirK and cnor transcripts at SW. After rewetting, nirK transcripts increased rapidly at both sites, while cnor and nosZ transcripts increased only at NW. Our data indicate that the climate change influences activity pattern of microbial communities involved in denitrification processes to a different extend, which may impact emission rates of the greenhouse gas @entity4 .

title: Climate change induces shifts in abundance and activity pattern of bacteria and archaea catalyzing major transformation steps in XXXX turnover in a soil from a mid-European beech forest.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Africa's progress towards the health related Millennium Development Goals remains limited. This can be partly explained by inadequate performance of health care providers. It is therefore critical to incentivize this performance. Payment methods that reward performance related to quantity and quality, called @entity1 ( @entity1 ), have recently been introduced in over 30 African countries. While @entity1 meets considerable enthusiasm from governments and donors, the evidence on its effects is still limited. In this study we aim to estimate the effects of @entity1 on the utilization and quality of maternal and @entity0 care in Burundi. We use the 2010 Burundi Demographic and Health Survey (August 2010-January 2011, n  =  4916 @entity0 ) and exploit the staggered rollout of @entity1 between 2006 and 2010, to implement a difference-in-differences approach. The quality of care provided during antenatal care (ANC) visits improved significantly, especially among the better off, although timeliness and number of ANC visits did not change. The probability of an institutional delivery increased significantly with 4 percentage points among the better off but no effects were found among the poor. @entity1 does significantly increase this probability (with 5 percentage points) for @entity0 where @entity1 was in place from the start of their pregnancy, suggesting that @entity0 are encouraged during ANC visits to deliver in the facility. @entity1 also led to a significant increase of 4 percentage points in the probability of a @entity0 being fully vaccinated, with effects more pronounced among the poor. @entity1 improved the utilization and quality of most maternal and @entity0 care, mainly among the better off, but did not improve targeting of unmet needs for ANC. Especially types of care which require a behavioral change of health care workers when the @entity0 is already in the clinic show improvements. Improvements are smaller for services which require effort from the provider to change @entity0 ' utilization choices.

title: The effects of performance incentives on the utilization and quality of maternal and XXXX care in Burundi.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To evaluate the antitumor activity of Agrimonia pilosa LEDEB., the effects of the @entity6 extract from roots of the plant ( @entity8 ) on several transplantable rodent @entity0 were investigated. @entity8 significantly prolonged the life span of S180-, Meth-A @entity7 - and MM-2 mammary @entity3 -bearing @entity1 by intraperitoneal (i.p.) pre- or postmedication. @entity8 also inhibited the growth of S-180 solid @entity0 . On the other hand, the prolongation of life span induced by @entity8 on S-180 ascites @entity0 -bearing @entity1 was markedly minimized or abolished by the pretreatment of @entity5 . @entity8 showed considerably strong @entity2 on MM-2 cells in vitro, but the effect was diminished to one-tenth by the addition of serum to the culture. Against the host animals, the peripheral white blood cells in @entity1 were significantly increased from 2 to 5 days after the i.p. injection of @entity8 . On 4th day after the injection of @entity8 , the peritoneal exudate cells which possessed the cytotoxic activity on MM-2 cells in vitro were also increased to about 5-fold those in the non-treated control. The spleen of the @entity1 was enlarged, and the spleen cells possessed the capacity to uptake @entity4 . However, @entity8 did not show direct migration activity like other mitogens against spleen cells from non-treated @entity1 . These results indicate that the roots of Agrimonia pilosa contain some antitumor constituents, and possible mechanisms of the antitumor activity may be some host-mediated actions and direct @entity2 .

title: Antitumor activity of XXXX extract from roots of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Stress is a widely recognized risk factor for @entity1 . A number of animal models utilizing various stressors have been developed to facilitate our understanding in the pathophysiology of stress-related dysfunctions. The most commonly used chronic stress paradigms include the unpredictable chronic mild stress paradigm, the social defeat paradigm and the social deprivation paradigm. Here we assess the potential of social crowding as an alternative chronic stress model to study the effects on affective behaviors and metabolic disturbances. Ten-week-old male C57BL/6 @entity0 were housed in groups of four (control) or eight (social crowding; SC) in standard cage for 9 weeks. Exploration, @entity2 - and @entity1 were assessed in the open field test, the elevated T-maze, the novelty-suppressed feeding test and the forced swim test. SC @entity0 exhibited a modest @entity2 -like phenotype without change in @entity1 . Nine weeks of social crowding did not affect the body weight, but robustly increased adiposity as determined by increased mass of fat depots. Consistent with the increased fat content, serum leptin was markedly elevated in the SC @entity0 . Specific changes in gene expression were also observed in the hypothalamus and the white adipose tissue following SC housing. Our study demonstrates the potential of social crowding as an alternative model for the study of stress-related @entity1 .

title: Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Shiga toxin-producing @entity0 (STEC) O157:H7 is an important food-borne pathogen that has been implicated in numerous disease outbreaks worldwide. Little is known about the extent and molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in STEC O157:H7 of food origin. Therefore, the current study aimed to characterize the genetic basis of multidrug resistance in 54 STEC O157:H7 strains isolated from 1600 food samples (800 meat products and 800 dairy products) collected from different street venders, butchers, retail markets, and slaughterhouses in Egypt. Thirty-one of 54 (57.4%) isolates showed multidrug resistance phenotypes to at least three classes of antimicrobials. The highest incidence of antimicrobial resistance was to @entity6 (96.8%), followed by @entity5 (93.6%), @entity2 (90.3%), @entity4 (87.1%), and @entity1 (80.6%). PCR and DNA sequencing were used to screen and characterize integrons and antibiotic resistance genes, and 29.6% and 5.6% of isolates were positive for class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively. b-Lactamase-encoding genes were identified in 63.0% of isolates as follows: @entity8 and blaTEM-52 in 35.2% and 1.9% isolates respectively; blaCMY-2 in 13.0% isolates; blaCTX-M in 5.6% isolates; blaSHV-12 in 5.6% isolates; and blaOXA-1 in 1.9% isolate. The plasmid-mediated @entity3 resistance genes were identified in 13.0% of isolates as follows: qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in 5.6%, 3.7%, and 3.7% isolates, respectively. Finally, the @entity7 resistance gene floR was identified in 7.4% of isolates. This study demonstrated that meat and dairy products are potential sources of multidrug resistant STEC O157:H7. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of class 2 integrons, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in STEC O157:H7.

title: Molecular analysis of multidrug resistance in Shiga toxin-producing XXXX O157:H7 isolated from meat and dairy products.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   The optimal hypothermic level during @entity3 is controversial. The aim of our study was to comprehensively assess the impact of moderate hypothermic @entity3 with antegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) on total aortic arch replacement. Methods   From 2010 to 2013, data were collected from 99 consecutive @entity0 with acute @entity4 . All @entity0 underwent total arch replacement plus frozen @entity7 trunk procedure. There were 51 @entity0 in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) group and 47 in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) group. Either unilateral or bilateral ACP was applied for cerebral protection. Perioperative data and measured outcomes were compared. Results   Overall mean @entity3 time was 29.9        6.0 minutes. Temporary @entity1 incidence was lower in the @entity3 group compared with the @entity3 group (21.3 vs. 40.4%, p   =   0.041). The total 30-day mortality was 17.2% (14.9 vs. 19.2%, p   =   0.568) and permanent @entity1 morbidity was 3.0% overall. In @entity3 , less blood products were used than in @entity3 . Moderate @entity5 was a protective factor for the composite outcome of temporary and permanent @entity1 (odds ratio   =   0.385; 95% confidence interval   =   0.162-0.919). Hypothermic level did not significantly affect the perioperative @entity6 aminotransferase and serum @entity2 levels. Conclusion   Within a short @entity3 time, @entity3 combined with ACP seemed to be a safe and effective method to protect cerebral and visceral organs during total aortic arch replacement.

title: Moderate Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest with Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion for Rapid Total Arch Replacement in Acute XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The unbound fraction of plasma @entity2 (T) can freely enter tissues, whereas the bioavailability of the albumin-bound T is controversial. A clinical observation in hirsute @entity0 receiving @entity4 suggested an experimental paradigm to test the effect of albumin binding on T bioavailability. We found an increase in the non-T- @entity1 -binding globulin-bound fraction of plasma T in @entity0 from 24.1 +/- 3.9% to 42.0 +/- 8.1% (+/-SEM) while they received @entity4 . Computer modeling indicated that the absolute increase in the albumin-bound T concentration would be about 22.4-fold greater than that in the unbound T concentration (the ratio of albumin-bound to free T remaining virtually constant) because of the binding of T to albumin. We reasoned that the addition of graded amounts of @entity4 and its metabolites to plasma would provide a means to increase the albumin-bound T concentration appreciably. We evaluated the biological effects of this perturbation of T transport by @entity4 and its metabolites in a bioassay system using the Oldendorf technique. Bioavailable T increased proportionately with increments in free and albumin-bound T (r = 0.85; P less than 0.01). A major portion of the albumin-bound T (i.e. 55%) entered tissues under all conditions; the amount that was bioavailable vastly exceeded the amount of T that was unbound in the injected samples. An index of the amount of bioavailable T can be determined using the @entity3 precipitation technique, as the percentage of non-T- @entity1 -binding globulin-bound T in vitro correlated well with T bioavailability in vitro (r = 0.86; P less than 0.01). These studies support the conclusion that albumin-bound T is biologically important.

title: Bioavailability of albumin-bound XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The genes conferring pathogenicity in @entity3 turgidiscabies, a pathogen causing common scab of @entity0 , are grouped together on a pathogenicity island (PAI), which has been found to be mobile and appears to transfer and disseminate like an integrative and conjugative element (ICE). However, in @entity2 , another common scab-inducing species, the pathogenicity genes are clustered in two regions: the toxicogenic region (TR) and the colonization region. The @entity4 genome was analysed to investigate the potential mobility of the TR. Attachment sites (att), short homologous sequences that delineate ICEs, were identified at both extremities of the TR. An internal att site was also found, suggesting that the TR has a composite structure (TR1 and TR2). Thaxtomin biosynthetic genes, essential for pathogenicity, were found in TR1, whereas candidate genes with known functions in recombination, replication and conjugal transfer were found in TR2. Excision of the TR1 or TR2 subregions alone, or of the entire TR region, was observed, although the excision frequency of TR was low. However, the excision frequency was considerably increased in the presence of either @entity1 or @entity3 cells. A composite TR structure was not observed in all @entity2 and @entity3 acidiscabies strains tested. Of the ten strains analysed, seven lacked TR2 and no TR excision event could be detected in these strains, thus suggesting the implication of TR2 in the mobilization of @entity2   TR.

title: Identification of genetic and environmental factors stimulating excision from XXXX chromosome of the toxicogenic region responsible for pathogenicity.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study examined potential risk factors of lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB), including phylogenetic lineages of @entity1 (MTB), in comparison to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a setting with an ethnically diverse population. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study at a major tuberculosis clinic in Sydney, Australia, which included all @entity0 with peripheral LNTB seen at the clinic between 2000 and 2012. Controls were randomly selected @entity0 with PTB seen at the same clinic during the study period. Epidemiological data were extracted from the hospital electronic database and medical records. Associations between LNTB and age, sex, ethnicity, comorbidities and phylogenetic lineages of MTB in comparison to PTB were examined using logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: There were 212 cases with LNTB and 424 randomly selected controls with PTB. Among @entity0 with LNTB, 74% were female and the mean age (standard deviation, SD) was 42 (16) years. Among @entity0 with PTB, 43% were female and the mean age was 44 (22) years. Females, 45 to 64-year-olds and Southern Asians had an increased risk for LNTB (OR 3.13, 95% CI 2.10-4.67; OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.29-4.84; OR 3.95, 95% CI 1.54-10.12 respectively). @entity0 with diabetes were at a higher risk of PTB (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.19 - 0.83 for LNTB). A subset analysis showed that @entity0 infected with the East African Indian strain of MTB were more likely to develop LNTB (OR 10.07, 95% CI 2.37-42.77). CONCLUSIONS: An increased risk for LNTB (but still lower rates than for PTB) was found among females, @entity0 aged 45 to 64 years and @entity0 born in Southern Asia. An increased risk for PTB was found among @entity0 with diabetes. The East African Indian strain of MTB was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of LNTB compared to other MTB strains.

title: Epidemiology of Peripheral Lymph Node Tuberculosis and Genotyping of XXXX Strains: A Case-Control Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Management of the cervical spine following blunt @entity3 is commonplace. In 2013, the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) and the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) published practice guidelines drawn from evidence dating to 2011. Since then, further publications have emerged that are reviewed, and a simple management algorithm produced to assist practitioners in Australian @entity3 centres. These publications attempt to shed light on two controversial scenarios, those being the management of symptomatic @entity0 with negative computed tomography (CT) and management of the obtunded @entity0 . METHODS: The search strategy mirrored that of the AANS/ @entity1 guidelines. A search of the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) database for manuscripts published between January 2011 and October 2014 was conducted. One reviewer extracted data from studies assessing the performance of various imaging modalities in identifying traumatic cervical spine injuries. In clinical scenarios where little evidence has emerged since the AANS/ @entity1 guidelines, key manuscripts published prior to 2011 were identified from bibliographies. RESULTS: Awake, asymptomatic @entity0 may be 'cleared' without further imaging. Awake, symptomatic @entity0 without pathology on CT and without @entity2 can safely be 'cleared' without magnetic resonance imaging. There is no longer a role for flexion-extension films. In the obtunded @entity0 , findings remain conflicting. CONCLUSION: Several of these findings represent a departure from previous practices, including clearance of @entity0 with non-neurological symptoms on the basis of CT and the exclusion of flexion-extension film in detecting injury. Management of the obtunded @entity0 remains controversial.

title: Cervical spine immobilization following blunt XXXX : a systematic review of recent literature and proposed treatment algorithm.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 with preeclamptic pregnancies have increased long-term @entity2 ( @entity2 ) mortality. We explored this mortality risk among @entity0 with @entity6 , another placental pathology. We used linked Medical Birth Registry and Death Registry data to study @entity2 mortality among over two million @entity0 with a first singleton birth between 1967 and 2002 in Norway and 1973 and 2003 in Sweden. @entity0 were followed through 2009 and 2010, respectively, to ascertain subsequent pregnancies and mortality. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate associations between @entity6 and cardiovascular mortality adjusting for maternal age, education, year of the pregnancy and country. There were 49,944 @entity4 after an average follow-up of 23  years, of which 5453 were due to @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity6 in first pregnancy (n  =  10,981) had an increased risk of @entity2 (hazard ratio 1.8; 95  % confidence interval 1.3, 2.4). Results were essentially unchanged by excluding @entity0 with pregestational @entity3 , @entity5 or @entity1 . @entity0 with @entity6 in any pregnancy (n  =  23,529) also had a 1.8-fold increased risk of @entity2 mortality (95  % confidence interval 1.5, 2.2) compared with @entity0 who never experienced the condition. Our findings provide evidence that @entity6 , like other placental complications of pregnancy, is associated with @entity0 's increased risk of later @entity2 mortality.

title: @entity6 and long-term maternal XXXX mortality: a population-based registry study in Norway and Sweden.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 with preeclamptic pregnancies have increased long-term @entity2 ( @entity2 ) mortality. We explored this mortality risk among @entity0 with @entity6 , another placental pathology. We used linked Medical Birth Registry and Death Registry data to study @entity2 mortality among over two million @entity0 with a first singleton birth between 1967 and 2002 in Norway and 1973 and 2003 in Sweden. @entity0 were followed through 2009 and 2010, respectively, to ascertain subsequent pregnancies and mortality. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate associations between @entity6 and cardiovascular mortality adjusting for maternal age, education, year of the pregnancy and country. There were 49,944 @entity4 after an average follow-up of 23  years, of which 5453 were due to @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity6 in first pregnancy (n  =  10,981) had an increased risk of @entity2 (hazard ratio 1.8; 95  % confidence interval 1.3, 2.4). Results were essentially unchanged by excluding @entity0 with pregestational @entity3 , @entity5 or @entity1 . @entity0 with @entity6 in any pregnancy (n  =  23,529) also had a 1.8-fold increased risk of @entity2 mortality (95  % confidence interval 1.5, 2.2) compared with @entity0 who never experienced the condition. Our findings provide evidence that @entity6 , like other placental complications of pregnancy, is associated with @entity0 's increased risk of later @entity2 mortality.

title: XXXX and long-term maternal @entity2 mortality: a population-based registry study in Norway and Sweden.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate systemic markers of collagen metabolism and @entity1 in female smokers with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Secondary aims were to compare these levels in @entity0 based on prolapse or smoking history alone. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study with four groups: smokers with POP, non-smokers with POP, smokers without POP and non-smokers without POP. Subjects were age-matched based on smoking history and presence of POP. All underwent a fasting blood panel, including plasma procollagen 1-N propeptide (P1NP), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and @entity1 . RESULTS: Ninety-six subjects were enrolled. There were no differences for any demographics other than stage of prolapse, which was highest in non-smokers with POP. Significant variations in the levels of @entity1 and @entity2 were noted among the four groups. Smokers with POP had lower levels of @entity1 and higher levels of @entity2 , compared to non-smokers with POP, but this relationship was not statistically significant. However, when contrasting smokers without POP to non-smokers without POP, significant differences in both @entity1 and @entity2 were documented, confirming an impact of smoking on these markers. Notwithstanding, when evaluated independent of smoking status, @entity1 and @entity2 levels in @entity0 with POP were similar to those of @entity0 without POP. CONCLUSION: Lower @entity1 and higher @entity2 among smokers confirms the usefulness of such markers in documenting the smoking's impact on collagen. However, the lack of a difference based on POP suggests these are poor measures for understanding the pathophysiology of this disorder.

title: Systemic markers of collagen metabolism and XXXX in smokers and non-smokers with pelvic organ prolapse.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 is an insidious disease associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. It may develop following the treatment of several @entity0 by radiotherapy when normal colorectal tissues are present in the irradiation field. There is no unified approach for the assessment and treatment of this disease, partly due to insufficient knowledge about the mechanism involved in the development of @entity7 . However, unresolved @entity3 is hypothesized to have an important role in late side effects. This study aimed to analyse the involvement of specific immunity in @entity1 developing after localized irradiation, and evaluate the benefit of immunomodulatory mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from adipose tissue (Ad-MSC) for reduction of late side effects. Our experimental model of colorectal irradiation induced severe @entity6 and @entity5 that was associated with T cell infiltration. Immune cell activation was investigated; adoptive transfer of T cells in nude @entity4 showed stronger colonization by T cells isolated from irradiated @entity4 . The predominant role of T cells in late radiation-induced damage and regeneration processes was highlighted by in vivo depletion experiments. Treatments using Ad-MSC reduced T cell infiltration in the colon and reduced established @entity6 as measured by histological score, functional circular muscle contractibility and collagen deposition. Here, we have demonstrated for the first time the predominance of the TH17 population compared to TH1 and TH2 in radiation-induced @entity2 , and that this is reduced after Ad-MSC treatment. Additionally, we demonstrated in vitro that @entity8 acts directly on colonic smooth muscle cells to induce expression of pro-inflammatory genes that could participate in the development of radiation-induced injury. Our data demonstrate that the TH17 population is specifically-induced during development of radiation-induced side effects in the colon. Moreover, Ad-MSC treatment modulates the TH17 population and reduces the extracellular matrix remodelling process induced following irradiation.

title: TH17 predominant T cell responses in radiation-induced XXXX are modulated by treatment with adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The window for safe reoperation in early postoperative (<6  weeks) @entity3 (ESBO) is short and intimately dependent on elapsed time from the initial operation. Laparoscopic procedures create fewer inflammatory changes than open laparotomies. We hypothesize that it is safer to reoperate for ESBO after laparoscopic procedures than open. METHODS: Review of @entity0 who underwent re-exploration for ESBO from 2003 to 2009 was performed. Based on the initial operation, @entity0 were classified as "open" or "laparoscopic." The Revised Accordion Severity Grading System was used to define complications as minor (1 to 2) or severe (3 to 6). RESULTS: There were 189 @entity0 identified (age 55  years, 48% male): 130 open and 59 laparoscopic. @entity2 was more common (65% vs 42%, P < .01), while strictures were less frequent (5% vs 14% P = .03), in the open group. The open group had a greater rate of @entity1 , days to re-exploration, and severity of complications. There was no difference in the rates of minor complications, enterotomy, and mortality. ESBO after laparoscopic surgery was more commonly caused by a focal source (85% vs 63%). Eighty-three @entity0 (64 open, 19 laparoscopic) underwent re-exploration at or beyond 14  days. Within this subgroup, there were more severe complications (25% vs 5%) after open procedures with equivalent mortality (4% vs 0%). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic approaches confer a lower rate of adhesive disease and severity of complications in early SBO as compared with open surgery even if performed after 2  weeks of index procedure.

title: Early postoperative XXXX : open vs laparoscopic.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The incidence of @entity3 of the humerus has increased exponentially in recent years. The most used classifications for humerus @entity3 are morphological (Neer), biological (AO/ASIF) and descriptive (Hertel). The types of surgical treatment for humerus @entity3 include prosthetic replacement and synthesis using different devices, including the Tension Guide Fixator (TGF), Gex- @entity5 . External fixation for displaced @entity6 avoids dissection and soft tissue stripping and has been reported by some authors to be associated with higher union rates, a lower incidence of @entity4 , less scarring of the scapulohumeral interface, and faster rehabilitation compared with open reduction and internal fixation. Other authors have reported that external fixation does not ensure acceptable reduction and @entity3 stability, particularly in @entity0 with @entity2 . The external fixation technique involves the introduction of Steinmann's pin to keep manual reduction, the introduction of two K-wires in the humeral head, the removal of the Steinmann's pin, and the introduction of two fiches on the humeral shaft. Hub connectors are mounted on the wires and on the chips to connect the outer bar and tensioning system. A total of 84 @entity0 aged 42-84 years with @entity6 (66% had two-part @entity3 ) were treated with Fixator TGF in this study from December 2007 to June 2012. The postoperative recovery was earlier and the active-assisted motion was less @entity1 than has been reported with other surgical techniques. The TGF was removed without anaesthesia at the outpatient clinic at a mean of 7 weeks (range 5-8 weeks) after surgery, and there was no loss of reduction or secondary displacement after removal. These results, after five years of experience, confirm that the best indication for this fixator is two- or three-part @entity3 because the device enables early active mobilisation. The limitations of this fixator are evident in @entity3 in which closed reduction is not possible and in three-part @entity3 with varus displacement because the TGF has less stability than other systems, such as the plate or cage. The short learning curve, reduced surgical time and risk, and low cost encourage the use of this technique.

title: Indications and limitations of the fixator TGF "Gex- XXXX " in @entity6 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The incidence of @entity3 of the humerus has increased exponentially in recent years. The most used classifications for humerus @entity3 are morphological (Neer), biological (AO/ASIF) and descriptive (Hertel). The types of surgical treatment for humerus @entity3 include prosthetic replacement and synthesis using different devices, including the Tension Guide Fixator (TGF), Gex- @entity5 . External fixation for displaced @entity6 avoids dissection and soft tissue stripping and has been reported by some authors to be associated with higher union rates, a lower incidence of @entity4 , less scarring of the scapulohumeral interface, and faster rehabilitation compared with open reduction and internal fixation. Other authors have reported that external fixation does not ensure acceptable reduction and @entity3 stability, particularly in @entity0 with @entity2 . The external fixation technique involves the introduction of Steinmann's pin to keep manual reduction, the introduction of two K-wires in the humeral head, the removal of the Steinmann's pin, and the introduction of two fiches on the humeral shaft. Hub connectors are mounted on the wires and on the chips to connect the outer bar and tensioning system. A total of 84 @entity0 aged 42-84 years with @entity6 (66% had two-part @entity3 ) were treated with Fixator TGF in this study from December 2007 to June 2012. The postoperative recovery was earlier and the active-assisted motion was less @entity1 than has been reported with other surgical techniques. The TGF was removed without anaesthesia at the outpatient clinic at a mean of 7 weeks (range 5-8 weeks) after surgery, and there was no loss of reduction or secondary displacement after removal. These results, after five years of experience, confirm that the best indication for this fixator is two- or three-part @entity3 because the device enables early active mobilisation. The limitations of this fixator are evident in @entity3 in which closed reduction is not possible and in three-part @entity3 with varus displacement because the TGF has less stability than other systems, such as the plate or cage. The short learning curve, reduced surgical time and risk, and low cost encourage the use of this technique.

title: Indications and limitations of the fixator TGF "Gex- @entity5 " in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Surgical limb lengthening is undertaken to correct pathological @entity4 . Among the possible complications related to this procedure, @entity1 are a cause for both functional and cosmetic concern. Our team has already shown the efficacy of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of @entity5 with varying aetiology, so we decided to apply this technique to @entity5 related to surgical correction of dwarfism. A prospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity6 using durometer measurements and a modified @entity0 and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS), to which was added a parameter to evaluate @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Between January 2009 and September 2012, 36 @entity0 (28 female and 8 male) who presented retractile and painful @entity5 came to our unit and were treated with autologous fat grafting. Preoperative and postoperative mean durometer measurements were analysed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and POSAS parameters were studied using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant reduction in all durometer measurements (p-value <0.05) and in all but one of the POSAS parameters (p-value <0.05) following treatment with autologous fat grafting. DISCUSSION: Surgical procedures to camouflage @entity5 on lower limbs are not often used as a first approach and non-surgical treatments often lead to unsatisfactory results. In contrast, our autologous fat grafting technique in the treatment of @entity5 has been shown to be a valuable option in @entity0 with @entity6 . CONCLUSION: There was a @entity2 and a clinical improvement of all POSAS parameters in all @entity0 treated. Moreover, the newly introduced POSAS parameter appears to be reliable and we recommend that it is included to give a more complete evaluation of @entity0 perception.

title: Autologous fat graft as treatment of post XXXX surgical correction @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Surgical limb lengthening is undertaken to correct pathological @entity4 . Among the possible complications related to this procedure, @entity1 are a cause for both functional and cosmetic concern. Our team has already shown the efficacy of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of @entity5 with varying aetiology, so we decided to apply this technique to @entity5 related to surgical correction of dwarfism. A prospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity6 using durometer measurements and a modified @entity0 and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS), to which was added a parameter to evaluate @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Between January 2009 and September 2012, 36 @entity0 (28 female and 8 male) who presented retractile and painful @entity5 came to our unit and were treated with autologous fat grafting. Preoperative and postoperative mean durometer measurements were analysed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and POSAS parameters were studied using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant reduction in all durometer measurements (p-value <0.05) and in all but one of the POSAS parameters (p-value <0.05) following treatment with autologous fat grafting. DISCUSSION: Surgical procedures to camouflage @entity5 on lower limbs are not often used as a first approach and non-surgical treatments often lead to unsatisfactory results. In contrast, our autologous fat grafting technique in the treatment of @entity5 has been shown to be a valuable option in @entity0 with @entity6 . CONCLUSION: There was a @entity2 and a clinical improvement of all POSAS parameters in all @entity0 treated. Moreover, the newly introduced POSAS parameter appears to be reliable and we recommend that it is included to give a more complete evaluation of @entity0 perception.

title: Autologous fat graft as treatment of post @entity4 surgical correction XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The identify the gene defect of an @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: The promoter, all the exons and exon-intron boundaries and 3' UTR of F7 gene of the proband were analyzed by direct sequencing. The defected mutations were confirmed by sequencing the complementary strand. The mutations would be screened in the related database and 150 healthy donors to identify the SNP. By splice site prediction, we analyzed the pathogenesis of defected mutations. RESULTS: Genetic analysis revealed @entity3 in the intron 6 of F7 gene ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 in the intron 7 of F7 gene ( @entity6 ). According to the fruitfly, the acceptor site could not be recognized when a G to A substitution took place. The closest candidate splice site was located 132 bp downstream. The distance was probably too far to allow the use of the cryptic splice site and resulted in the skipping of exon6. @entity5 in the intron 7 of F7 gene could not change the splice site, but modify a different molecular interaction that is important for the splice process. CONCLUSION: The heterozygous mutation of @entity4 combined with polymorphism of @entity6 in F7 gene relates to the @entity2 .

title: [Analysis of the gene mutation in an XXXX @entity0 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The identify the gene defect of an @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: The promoter, all the exons and exon-intron boundaries and 3' UTR of F7 gene of the proband were analyzed by direct sequencing. The defected mutations were confirmed by sequencing the complementary strand. The mutations would be screened in the related database and 150 healthy donors to identify the SNP. By splice site prediction, we analyzed the pathogenesis of defected mutations. RESULTS: Genetic analysis revealed @entity3 in the intron 6 of F7 gene ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 in the intron 7 of F7 gene ( @entity6 ). According to the fruitfly, the acceptor site could not be recognized when a G to A substitution took place. The closest candidate splice site was located 132 bp downstream. The distance was probably too far to allow the use of the cryptic splice site and resulted in the skipping of exon6. @entity5 in the intron 7 of F7 gene could not change the splice site, but modify a different molecular interaction that is important for the splice process. CONCLUSION: The heterozygous mutation of @entity4 combined with polymorphism of @entity6 in F7 gene relates to the @entity2 .

title: [Analysis of the gene mutation in an @entity1 XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Testicular torsion may lead to serious @entity2 , and the viability depends on the duration of torsion and the effect of @entity2 -reperfusion. Testicular decompression and tunica vaginalis flap application technique were introduced in 2008 by Kutikov et al. We aimed to examine the impact of this method on the testicular microcirculation and hemorheological parameters in a @entity0 model. Six adult @entity0 underwent bilateral scrotal exploration. Intravaginal torsion of the @entity4 was created by 720   rotation on both sides for 2 h. After detorsion, the right testes underwent tunica albuginea incision and tunica vaginalis flap application. Testicular microcirculation was monitored and hematological parameters, erythrocyte deformability, and aggregation were determined. Measurements were performed before and after torsion, directly after detorsion, on the 1 st -2 nd and 8 th postoperative day. After the last sampling, testicles were removed to determine their volume for histological examinations. The microcirculatory parameters demonstrated slight differences between testicles. Apical zone of the left (nondecompressed) testicles had elevated compared to the middle zone (P < 0.05). On the 2 nd and 8 th day, the microcirculation of the testes normalized but not equally. The erythrocyte aggregation and deformability decreased by the 8 th day. Both testicles underwent @entity3 and epithelial @entity1 , but the volume of the decompressed ones was lower (1.07    0.08 vs 1.25    0.31). Histologically, there was no significant difference in epithelial damage score between decompressed and nondecompressed testes. In conclusion, 2-h @entity2 led to alteration in testicular microcirculation, reduction in volume, changes in hemorheological parameters and serious epithelial @entity1 both in decompressed and nondecompressed testicles without remarkable differences.

title: Morphological and microcirculatory evaluation of the @entity0 XXXX after detorsion with or without a capsular release with a tunica vaginalis flap.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Testicular torsion may lead to serious @entity2 , and the viability depends on the duration of torsion and the effect of @entity2 -reperfusion. Testicular decompression and tunica vaginalis flap application technique were introduced in 2008 by Kutikov et al. We aimed to examine the impact of this method on the testicular microcirculation and hemorheological parameters in a @entity0 model. Six adult @entity0 underwent bilateral scrotal exploration. Intravaginal torsion of the @entity4 was created by 720   rotation on both sides for 2 h. After detorsion, the right testes underwent tunica albuginea incision and tunica vaginalis flap application. Testicular microcirculation was monitored and hematological parameters, erythrocyte deformability, and aggregation were determined. Measurements were performed before and after torsion, directly after detorsion, on the 1 st -2 nd and 8 th postoperative day. After the last sampling, testicles were removed to determine their volume for histological examinations. The microcirculatory parameters demonstrated slight differences between testicles. Apical zone of the left (nondecompressed) testicles had elevated compared to the middle zone (P < 0.05). On the 2 nd and 8 th day, the microcirculation of the testes normalized but not equally. The erythrocyte aggregation and deformability decreased by the 8 th day. Both testicles underwent @entity3 and epithelial @entity1 , but the volume of the decompressed ones was lower (1.07    0.08 vs 1.25    0.31). Histologically, there was no significant difference in epithelial damage score between decompressed and nondecompressed testes. In conclusion, 2-h @entity2 led to alteration in testicular microcirculation, reduction in volume, changes in hemorheological parameters and serious epithelial @entity1 both in decompressed and nondecompressed testicles without remarkable differences.

title: Morphological and microcirculatory evaluation of the XXXX @entity4 after detorsion with or without a capsular release with a tunica vaginalis flap.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity4 ) is one of the most widely used herbicides in agriculture. As is the case for most pesticides, potential adverse effects of @entity4 have not been studied from the perspective of developmental @entity1 . Early pesticides exposure may weaken the basic structure of the developing brain and cause permanent changes leading to a wide range of lifelong effects on health and/or behavior. Here, we addressed the developmental impact of @entity4 by exposing female @entity0 to low dose @entity4 during both pre- and postnatal periods and analyzed potential developmental and behavioral changes of the offspring during infancy and adulthood. A neurobehavioral test battery revealed significant effects of @entity4 maternal exposure on early reflex development, pup communication, affiliative behaviors, and preference for social olfactory cues, but emotional reactivity and emotional memory remained unaltered. These behavioral alterations showed a striking resemblance to changes seen in animal models of @entity3 . At the brain level, @entity4 maternal exposure caused some increase in relative brain weight of the offspring. In addition, reduced expression of @entity2 and @entity6 - two genes implicated in @entity3 -like deficits - was observed in the brain of @entity4 -exposed pups at postnatal day 15. Our work thus provides new data on the link between pre- and postnatal exposure to the herbicide @entity4 and the onset of @entity3 -like symptoms later in life. It also raises fundamental concerns about the ability of current safety testing to assess risks of pesticide exposure during critical developmental periods.

title: Pre- and postnatal exposure to low dose XXXX induces @entity3 -like phenotypes in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity4 ) is one of the most widely used herbicides in agriculture. As is the case for most pesticides, potential adverse effects of @entity4 have not been studied from the perspective of developmental @entity1 . Early pesticides exposure may weaken the basic structure of the developing brain and cause permanent changes leading to a wide range of lifelong effects on health and/or behavior. Here, we addressed the developmental impact of @entity4 by exposing female @entity0 to low dose @entity4 during both pre- and postnatal periods and analyzed potential developmental and behavioral changes of the offspring during infancy and adulthood. A neurobehavioral test battery revealed significant effects of @entity4 maternal exposure on early reflex development, pup communication, affiliative behaviors, and preference for social olfactory cues, but emotional reactivity and emotional memory remained unaltered. These behavioral alterations showed a striking resemblance to changes seen in animal models of @entity3 . At the brain level, @entity4 maternal exposure caused some increase in relative brain weight of the offspring. In addition, reduced expression of @entity2 and @entity6 - two genes implicated in @entity3 -like deficits - was observed in the brain of @entity4 -exposed pups at postnatal day 15. Our work thus provides new data on the link between pre- and postnatal exposure to the herbicide @entity4 and the onset of @entity3 -like symptoms later in life. It also raises fundamental concerns about the ability of current safety testing to assess risks of pesticide exposure during critical developmental periods.

title: Pre- and postnatal exposure to low dose @entity5 induces XXXX -like phenotypes in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity4 ) is one of the most widely used herbicides in agriculture. As is the case for most pesticides, potential adverse effects of @entity4 have not been studied from the perspective of developmental @entity1 . Early pesticides exposure may weaken the basic structure of the developing brain and cause permanent changes leading to a wide range of lifelong effects on health and/or behavior. Here, we addressed the developmental impact of @entity4 by exposing female @entity0 to low dose @entity4 during both pre- and postnatal periods and analyzed potential developmental and behavioral changes of the offspring during infancy and adulthood. A neurobehavioral test battery revealed significant effects of @entity4 maternal exposure on early reflex development, pup communication, affiliative behaviors, and preference for social olfactory cues, but emotional reactivity and emotional memory remained unaltered. These behavioral alterations showed a striking resemblance to changes seen in animal models of @entity3 . At the brain level, @entity4 maternal exposure caused some increase in relative brain weight of the offspring. In addition, reduced expression of @entity2 and @entity6 - two genes implicated in @entity3 -like deficits - was observed in the brain of @entity4 -exposed pups at postnatal day 15. Our work thus provides new data on the link between pre- and postnatal exposure to the herbicide @entity4 and the onset of @entity3 -like symptoms later in life. It also raises fundamental concerns about the ability of current safety testing to assess risks of pesticide exposure during critical developmental periods.

title: Pre- and postnatal exposure to low dose @entity5 induces @entity3 -like phenotypes in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Two placebo-controlled trials have shown that early administration of intravenous recombinant @entity5 (rt-PA) after @entity3 improves outcomes up to 4.5   h after symptoms onset; however, six other trials contradict these results. We also know from analysis of the pooled data that benefits from treatment decrease as time from @entity2 onset to start of treatment increases. In addition to time, another important factor is @entity0 selection through multimodal imaging, combining data from artery status, and salvageable tissue measures. Nonetheless, at the present time @entity1 ( @entity1 ) cannot demonstrate any beneficial outcomes for neuroimaging mismatch selection after 4.5   h from symptoms onset. By focusing on cases of large @entity4 , we know that recanalization is crucial, so endovascular treatment is an approach of interest. The use of intra-arterial thrombolysis was tested in two small @entity1 that demonstrated clear benefits in terms of higher recanalization and also in clinical outcomes. But a new paradigm of @entity2 treatment may have begun with mechanical thrombectomy. In this field, Merci devices have been overtaken by fully deployed closed-cell self-expanding stents (stent-retrievers or "stent-trievers"). However, despite the high rate of recanalization achieved with stent-retrievers compared with other recanalization treatments, the use of these devices cannot clearly demonstrate better outcomes. Thus, futile recanalization occurs when successful recanalization fails to improve functional outcome. Recently, three @entity1 , namely synthesis, IMS-III, and MR-rescue, have not been demonstrated any clear benefit for endovascular treatment. Most likely, these trials were not adequately designed to prove the superiority of endovascular treatment because they did not use optimal target populations, vascular status was not evaluated in all @entity0 , relatively high rates of @entity0 did not have enough mismatch, time from baseline neuroimaging to recanalization were too long or the devices used are now obsolete relative to stent-retrievers. Several @entity1 currently underway are trying to determine whether bridging therapy is more effective than intravenous treatment and if mechanical thrombectomy is more effective than best medical treatment in @entity0 ineligible for intravenous thrombolysis.

title: Recanalization and Reperfusion Therapies of Acute XXXX : What have We Learned, What are the Major Research Questions, and Where are We Headed?

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To evaluate sequential changes in biochemical bone parameters, parathyroid hormone (iPTH), @entity4 levels and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) over a period of 24 weeks after renal transplantation, we studied 75 @entity0 (58 males, with a mean age of 35.4 years) who underwent their first renal transplantation without a past history of parathyroid surgery or @entity2 . Serum @entity3 , @entity8 and albumin were measured before transplant, then weekly for four weeks and monthly for the following 20 weeks. Serum iPTH and @entity4 levels and @entity1 were measured at baseline and 24 weeks after transplantation. After transplantation, there was a significant fall in serum @entity3 in the first week, followed by a gradual rise. At 12 and 24 weeks, respectively, 17.5% and 8% @entity0 had @entity6 . Serum @entity8 decreased after transplant and at 24 weeks; 25% @entity0 had @entity9 . The iPTH levels declined significantly from 251    218.2 pg/mL before transplant to 97    142.8 pg/mL at the end of the study period. At 12 and 24 weeks, 42.7% and 51.3% @entity0 , respectively, @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Elevated baseline iPTH levels and graft dysfunction were the risk factors for @entity7 at 12 weeks, while low @entity4 levels were the risk factor at 24 weeks. The @entity1 showed a significant decline of 2.7% after transplant, and it negatively correlated with the pre-transplant iPTH levels; the @entity0 who received @entity5 immunosuppression had a lower decline in @entity1 than the rest of the @entity0 . No @entity2 were reported during the study period. We conclude that, after renal transplantation, @entity6 and @entity9 are common, while a significant proportion of @entity0 have persistent @entity7 and decline in @entity1 .

title: Sequential changes in bone biochemical parameters and XXXX after renal transplant.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Twenty percent of @entity0 with @entity1 without @entity4 progress to @entity6 ( @entity6 ). The various factors related to development of @entity6 , the natural course of @entity2 as well as mortality in this sub-group of diabetics has not been studied in detail. The medical records of 121 @entity0 (all males) above the age of 40 years with @entity1 and @entity6 , and without @entity5 , were reviewed in this retrospective study. The outcomes measured included: (a) all-cause mortality, (b) need for hemodialysis (HD), (c) appearance of @entity5 and (d) trend in kidney function. The all-cause mortality was 33%, with mean age at death being 75.9 years. Sixty-three percent of the @entity0 had improvement in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at the end of the follow-up period. The mortality was higher in @entity0 with worsening eGFR compared with those with improvement in eGFR (61% vs 39%, P = 0.040). 5.8% of the @entity0 ended up on HD and 16.51% developed @entity5 at the end of the follow-up period. @entity0 who developed @entity5 showed a higher tendency for progression of @entity3 . Multivariate logistic regression for trend toward improving versus worsening of the eGFR revealed no statistically significant predictors. This observational study suggests that in type-2 @entity1 @entity0 with @entity6 , a substantial number of @entity0 will have improvement in eGFR over time. Careful search for potential reversible causes of @entity2 could help in reducing mortality.

title: Improvement in glomerular filtration rate may decrease mortality among type-2 diabetics with chronic kidney disease lacking XXXX : A retrospective study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Two methods of non-invasive brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have demonstrable positive effects on cognition and can ameliorate @entity2 such as @entity7 . Less is known about the efficacy of these approaches in common @entity3 . In this review, we evaluate the effects of TMS and tDCS upon @entity1 in the major @entity6 , including @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity9 ( @entity9 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity10 ( @entity10 ), as well as the potential pre- @entity6 states of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: PubMed (until 7 February 2014) and PsycINFO (from 1967 to January Week 3 2014) databases were searched in a semi-systematic manner in order to identify relevant treatment studies. A total of 762 studies were identified and 32 studies (18 in the @entity6 and 14 in @entity4 populations) were included. RESULTS: No studies were identified in @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity10 or @entity8 . Of the @entity6 , 13 studies were conducted in @entity0 with @entity5 , one in @entity9 , and four in @entity1 . A total of 16 of the 18 studies showed improvements in at least one cognitive or neuropsychiatric outcome measure. Cognitive or neuropsychiatric improvements were observed in 12 of the 14 studies conducted in @entity0 with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Both TMS and tDCS may have potential as interventions for the treatment of symptoms associated with @entity6 and @entity4 . These results are promising; however, available data were limited, particularly within @entity8 , @entity4 and @entity10 , and major challenges exist in order to maximise the efficacy and clinical utility of both techniques. In particular, stimulation parameters vary considerably between studies and are likely to subsequently impact upon treatment efficacy.

title: Transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation: treatments for @entity1 in the XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Two methods of non-invasive brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have demonstrable positive effects on cognition and can ameliorate @entity2 such as @entity7 . Less is known about the efficacy of these approaches in common @entity3 . In this review, we evaluate the effects of TMS and tDCS upon @entity1 in the major @entity6 , including @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity9 ( @entity9 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity10 ( @entity10 ), as well as the potential pre- @entity6 states of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: PubMed (until 7 February 2014) and PsycINFO (from 1967 to January Week 3 2014) databases were searched in a semi-systematic manner in order to identify relevant treatment studies. A total of 762 studies were identified and 32 studies (18 in the @entity6 and 14 in @entity4 populations) were included. RESULTS: No studies were identified in @entity0 with @entity4 , @entity10 or @entity8 . Of the @entity6 , 13 studies were conducted in @entity0 with @entity5 , one in @entity9 , and four in @entity1 . A total of 16 of the 18 studies showed improvements in at least one cognitive or neuropsychiatric outcome measure. Cognitive or neuropsychiatric improvements were observed in 12 of the 14 studies conducted in @entity0 with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Both TMS and tDCS may have potential as interventions for the treatment of symptoms associated with @entity6 and @entity4 . These results are promising; however, available data were limited, particularly within @entity8 , @entity4 and @entity10 , and major challenges exist in order to maximise the efficacy and clinical utility of both techniques. In particular, stimulation parameters vary considerably between studies and are likely to subsequently impact upon treatment efficacy.

title: Transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation: treatments for XXXX in the @entity3 ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and effects of temporary bilateral uterine @entity2 with @entity3 tubing on @entity1 during vacuum aspiration of cesarean scar pregnancies (CSP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six @entity0 with CSP underwent removal of gestational masses via vacuum aspiration. At the beginning of the procedure, all @entity0 underwent laparoscopic temporary bilateral uterine @entity2 with tubing. The main measurements were the operating time, operative @entity1 , Doppler examination of the uterine arteries, and complications of procedure. RESULTS: The median operation time was 99 min, the median time needed to put the tubing in place (the time from the opening of the retroperitoneum to positioning of the tubing) was 45.5 min and the median time of bilateral uterine @entity2 with tubing was 32.5 min. The median @entity1 was 97.5 mL, and none of the @entity0 required blood transfusion. Doppler examination showed no difference in the pre- and postoperative resistance or pulsatility indices of the uterine vessels. There were no conspicuous complications. The serum   -human chorionic gonadotrophin level decreased to normal within 14-27 days after the operation. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic temporary bilateral uterine @entity2 with @entity3 tubing is an effective, minimally invasive procedure for reducing @entity1 during vacuum aspiration in @entity0 with CSP.

title: Laparoscopic temporary bilateral uterine @entity2 with XXXX tubing to prevent hemorrhage during vacuum aspiration of cesarean scar pregnancies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and effects of temporary bilateral uterine @entity2 with @entity3 tubing on @entity1 during vacuum aspiration of cesarean scar pregnancies (CSP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six @entity0 with CSP underwent removal of gestational masses via vacuum aspiration. At the beginning of the procedure, all @entity0 underwent laparoscopic temporary bilateral uterine @entity2 with tubing. The main measurements were the operating time, operative @entity1 , Doppler examination of the uterine arteries, and complications of procedure. RESULTS: The median operation time was 99 min, the median time needed to put the tubing in place (the time from the opening of the retroperitoneum to positioning of the tubing) was 45.5 min and the median time of bilateral uterine @entity2 with tubing was 32.5 min. The median @entity1 was 97.5 mL, and none of the @entity0 required blood transfusion. Doppler examination showed no difference in the pre- and postoperative resistance or pulsatility indices of the uterine vessels. There were no conspicuous complications. The serum   -human chorionic gonadotrophin level decreased to normal within 14-27 days after the operation. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic temporary bilateral uterine @entity2 with @entity3 tubing is an effective, minimally invasive procedure for reducing @entity1 during vacuum aspiration in @entity0 with CSP.

title: Laparoscopic temporary bilateral uterine XXXX with @entity3 tubing to prevent hemorrhage during vacuum aspiration of cesarean scar pregnancies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The embryotoxic potential of three model sediment samples with a distinct and well-characterized pollutant burden from the main German river basins Rhine and Elbe was investigated. The Fish Embryo Contact Test (FECT) in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was applied and submitted to further development to allow for a comprehensive risk assessment of such complex environmental samples. As particulate pollutants are constructive constituents of sediments, they underlay episodic source-sink dynamics, becoming available to benthic organisms. As bioavailability of xenobiotics is a crucial factor for ecotoxicological hazard, we focused on the direct particle-exposure pathway, evaluating throughput-capable endpoints and considering toxicokinetics. Fish embryo and larvae were exposed toward reconstituted (freeze-dried) sediment samples on a microcosm-scale experimental approach. A range of @entity1 were considered to gain knowledge of potential correlations with metabolic competence during the early embryogenesis. Morphological, physiological, and molecular endpoints were investigated to elucidate induced adverse effects, placing particular emphasis on genomic instability, assessed by the in vivo comet assay. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the extent of induced cell death, since @entity0 can lead to confounding effects. The implementation of relative @entity0 indices further provides inter-comparability between samples and related studies. All of the investigated sediments represent a significant ecotoxicological hazard by disrupting embryogenesis in @entity2 . Beside the induction of acute @entity0 , morphological and physiological embryotoxic effects could be identified in a concentration-response manner. Increased DNA strand break frequency was detected after sediment contact in characteristic non-monotonic dose-response behavior due to overlapping cytotoxic effects. The embryonic @entity2 @entity0 model along with the in vivo comet assay and molecular biomarker analysis should prospectively be considered to assess the ecotoxicological potential of sediments allowing for a comprehensive hazard ranking. In order to elucidate mode of action, novel techniques such as flow cytometry have been adopted and proved to be valuable tools for advanced risk assessment and management.

title: Genotoxic and teratogenic effect of freshwater sediment samples from the Rhine and Elbe River (Germany) in XXXX embryo using a multi-endpoint testing strategy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: A significant proportion of @entity1 who have breast-conserving surgery (BCS) subsequently undergo re-excision or proceed to mastectomy. This study aimed to identify factors associated with @entity3 after repeat surgery and to determine their effect on ipsilateral @entity0 recurrence (IBTR) and survival. METHODS: The study cohort was identified within the national population-based registry of the Danish @entity0 Cooperative Group, including @entity1 who underwent BCS for unilateral invasive @entity0 between 2000 and 2009. RESULTS: The study investigated 12,656 @entity1 . Within 2 months after initial BCS, 1342 (11 %) of these @entity1 had a re-excision, and 756 (6 %) of the @entity1 had a mastectomy. @entity3 was found in 20 % of re-excisions and 59 % of mastectomies. In adjusted analysis, @entity5 ( @entity5 ) outside the invasive @entity2 , positive initial margin, and age younger than 50 years were associated with increased risk of @entity3 . In the adjusted analysis, @entity1 with @entity3 after re-excision had an increased risk of IBTR regardless whether residual findings were @entity4 [hazard ratio (HR), 2.97; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.57-5.62] or @entity5 (HR, 2.58; 95 % CI 1.50-4.45). However, no difference was seen in overall survival comparing @entity1 receiving one excision with those having repeat surgery with or without @entity3 (p = 0.96). CONCLUSION: A higher risk of IBTR seen after re-excision was associated with @entity3 . Overall survival was similar regardless of repeat surgery and residual findings.

title: The Influence of Repeat Surgery and Residual Disease on Recurrence After Breast-Conserving Surgery: A Danish XXXX Cooperative Group Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe a multidisciplinary effort to investigate and reduce the occurence of outpatient spurious hyperkalaemia. BACKGROUND: @entity3 is a falsely elevated serum @entity2 result that does not reflect the in  vivo condition of a @entity0 . A common practice of fist clenching/pumping during phlebotomy to improve vein visualisation is an under-appreciated cause of spurious @entity3 . DESIGN: Pre- and postinterventional study. METHOD: Objective evidence of spurious hyperkalaemia was sought by reviewing archived laboratory results. A literature review was undertaken to summarise known causes of spurious hyperkalaemia and develop a best practice in phlebotomy. Subsequently, nurses from the Urology Clinic were interviewed, observed and surveyed to understand their phlebotomy workflow and identify potential areas of improvement by comparing to the best practice in phlebotomy. Unexplained (potentially spurious) hyperkalaemia was defined as a serum @entity2 of >5  0  mmol/l in a @entity0 without stage 5 chronic @entity1 or haemolysed blood sample. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nurses from the Urology Clinic showed significant knowledge gap regarding causes of spurious hyperkalaemia when compared to the literature review. Direct observation revealed @entity0 were routinely asked to clench their fists, which may cause spurious hyperkalaemia. Following these observations, several educational initiatives were administered to address the knowledge gap and stop fist clenching. The rate of unexplained hyperkalaemia at the Urology clinic reduced from a baseline of 16  0-3  8%, 58  weeks after intervention. Similar education intervention was propagated to all 18 other specialist outpatient clinic locations, which saw their rate of unexplained hyperkalaemia decrease from 5  4 to 3  7%. To ensure sustainability of the improvements, the existing phlebotomy standard operating protocol, educational and competency testing materials at variance with the best practice were revised. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: A simple intervention of avoiding fist clenching/pumping during phlebotomy produced significant reduction in the rate of spurious @entity3 .

title: A multidisciplinary approach to reducing spurious XXXX in hospital outpatient clinics.

answer: @entity3


abstract: From 1977 up to 1983, 29 @entity0 were operated upon for @entity1 with digestive fistula (dead fistulae, ileocecal and contiguous ileoileal fistulae being excluded). The majority of the fistulae arose from the distal ileum (n = 22). After an average duration of the disease of 7 1/2 years, the @entity0 were admitted for surgical treatment, either electively (group I, n = 19), or in urgency (group II, n = 10). Eleven @entity0 exhibited some signs of @entity8 , 13 needed a total parenteral nutrition for an average of 10 days; one @entity0 had to be operated upon in emergency ( @entity5 and @entity4 ); the others had a normal bowel preparation. The resection of the diseased bowel at the origin of the fistulae included right ileocolic resections (n = 25), left (n = 1) or total (n = 3) colectomies, with primary @entity2 in all but two cases. The "target bowel" was treated as conservatively as possible: limited small bowel resection, single suture of the gastric, duodenal or sigmoidal walls, and bladder drainage. A segmental resection of the sigmoid colon was realized in 5 cases where a single closure of the wall defect was impossible. There was no postoperative death, no septic complications, and no signs of @entity6 dehiscence. @entity3 recurrence "in situ" occurred only once. A spectacular health improvement, with a significant @entity7 , was observed in 85% of the cases. Further outcome of the disease remains out of control.

title: [Digestive fistulas in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 has a strong association with both the incidence and mortality of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Alterations in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism is an emerging hallmark of @entity1 , however, the potential role that @entity3 plays in driving these alterations in @entity5 is currently unknown. METHODS: Adipose conditioned media (ACM) was prepared from visceral adipose tissue taken from computed tomography-determined viscerally- @entity3 and non- @entity3 @entity0 . Mitochondrial function in @entity5 cell lines was assessed using fluorescent probes, mitochondrial gene expression was assessed using qPCR-based gene arrays and intracellular @entity7 levels were determined using a luminescence-based kit. Glycolysis and oxidative phosphophorylation was measured using Seahorse XF technology and metabolomic analysis was performed using 1H NMR. Expression of metabolic markers was assessed in @entity5 @entity1 biopsies by qPCR. RESULTS: ACM from @entity3 @entity0 significantly increased mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial membrane potential in @entity5 cells, which was significantly associated with visceral fat area, and was coupled with a significant decrease in reactive @entity2 species. This @entity10 was accompanied by altered expression of 19 mitochondrial-associated genes and significantly reduced intracellular @entity7 levels. ACM from @entity3 @entity0 induced a metabolic shift to glycolysis in @entity5 cells, which was coupled with significantly increased sensitivity to the glycolytic inhibitor @entity8 . Metabolomic profiling demonstrated an altered glycolysis and @entity6 -related signature in ACM from @entity3 @entity0 . In @entity4 , expression of the glycolytic marker @entity11 was significantly positively associated with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates for the first time that ACM from viscerally- @entity3 @entity0 elicits an altered metabolic profile and can drive @entity10 and altered energy metabolism in @entity5 cells in vitro. In vivo, in @entity5 @entity0 @entity1 , expression of the glycolytic enzyme @entity11 is positively associated with @entity3 .

title: Excess visceral adiposity induces alterations in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the plan quality of proton spot scanning (SS) radiosurgery as a function of spot size (in-air sigma) in comparison to x-ray radiosurgery for treating peripheral @entity4 . METHODS: Single-field optimized (SFO) proton SS plans with sigma ranging from 1 to 8 mm, cone-based x-ray radiosurgery (Cone), and x-ray @entity2 ( @entity2 ) plans were generated for 11 @entity0 . Plans were evaluated using secondary @entity1 risk and brain @entity3 normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). RESULTS: For all @entity0 , secondary @entity1 is a negligible risk compared to brain @entity3 NTCP. @entity1 risk was lower in proton SS plans than in photon plans regardless of spot size (p = 0.001). Brain @entity3 NTCP increased monotonically from an average of 2.34/100 (range 0.42/100-4.49/100) to 6.05/100 (range 1.38/100-11.6/100) as sigma increased from 1 to 8 mm, compared to the average of 6.01/100 (range 0.82/100-11.5/100) for Cone and 5.22/100 (range 1.37/100-8.00/100) for @entity2 . An in-air sigma less than 4.3 mm was required for proton SS plans to reduce NTCP over photon techniques for the cohort of @entity0 studied with statistical significance (p = 0.0186). Proton SS plans with in-air sigma larger than 7.1 mm had significantly greater brain @entity3 NTCP than photon techniques (p = 0.0322). CONCLUSIONS: For treating peripheral @entity4 -where proton therapy would be expected to have the greatest depth-dose advantage over photon therapy-the lateral penumbra strongly impacts the SS plan quality relative to photon techniques: proton beamlet sigma at @entity0 surface must be small (<7.1 mm for three-beam single-field optimized SS plans) in order to achieve comparable or smaller brain @entity3 NTCP relative to photon radiosurgery techniques. Achieving such small in-air sigma values at low energy (<70 MeV) is a major technological challenge in commercially available proton therapy systems.

title: Impact of spot size on plan quality of spot scanning proton radiosurgery for peripheral XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 ) is released from infected cells in an immature, noninfectious form in which the structural polyprotein @entity3 is arranged in a hexameric lattice, forming an incomplete spherical shell. Maturation to the infectious form is mediated by the viral protease, which cleaves @entity3 at five sites, releasing the CA (capsid) protein, which forms a conical capsid encasing the condensed RNA genome. The pathway of this structural rearrangement is currently not understood, and it is unclear how cone assembly is initiated. RNA represents an integral structural component of retroviruses, and the viral nucleoprotein core has previously been proposed to nucleate mature capsid assembly. We addressed this hypothesis by replacing the RNA-binding NC (nucleocapsid) domain of @entity2 @entity3 and the adjacent spacer peptide 2 (SP2) by a @entity0 zipper (LZ) protein-protein interaction domain [ @entity3 (LZ)] in the viral context. We found that @entity3 (LZ)-carrying virus [ @entity1 (LZ)] was efficiently released and viral polyproteins were proteolytically processed, though with reduced efficiency. Cryo-electron tomography revealed that the particles lacked a condensed nucleoprotein and contained an increased proportion of aberrant core morphologies caused either by the absence of RNA or by altered @entity3 processing. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of @entity1 (LZ) particles contained mature capsids with the wild-type morphology. These results clearly demonstrate that the nucleoprotein complex is dispensable as a nucleator for mature @entity2 capsid assembly in the viral context. IMPORTANCE: Formation of a closed conical capsid encasing the viral RNA genome is essential for @entity2 infectivity. It is currently unclear what viral components initiate and regulate the formation of the capsid during virus morphogenesis, but it has been proposed that the ribonucleoprotein complex plays a role. To test this, we prepared virus-like particles lacking the viral nucleocapsid protein and RNA and analyzed their three-dimensional structure by cryo-electron tomography. While most virions displayed an abnormal morphology under these conditions, some particles showed a normal mature morphology with closed conical capsids. These data demonstrate that the presence of RNA and the nucleocapsid protein is not required for the formation of a mature, cone-shaped @entity2 capsid.

title: RNA and Nucleocapsid Are Dispensable for Mature XXXX Capsid Assembly.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has a broad spectrum of potential applications, ranging from therapeutic cloning, production of transgenic animals, drug production, regenerative medicine and even for the rescue of endangered species. It is already more than 16 years since Dolly, first cloned @entity0 , was born, and many improvements in @entity3 have been made by using different epigenetic and technical approaches but the efficiency is still disappointingly low. Only ~0.1 to 3% of reconstructed embryos develop to term. @entity3 is associated with high rate of fetal, perinatal, and neonatal losses and production of abnormal offspring. Many factors have been implied in the pathogenesis of the NT fetal losses, but it seems that the highest incidence is @entity5 , confirmed by our first reports studied on full-term @entity2 placentas. Reports strongly suggest that post-mortality in cloned @entity2 is mainly caused by @entity5 such as placentomegaly, @entity1 of trophoblastic epithelium, altered basement membrane, and reduced vascularisation. The pathogenesis of these changes is poorly understood, so here we analysed early @entity2 placenta (20 days) for better understanding of mechanisms involved. Blastocysts obtained by nuclear transfer of somatic cells (adult @entity2 fibroblasts) were transferred into recipient ewes. Naturally mated ewes were analysed as controls (CTR). Conceptuses were recovered at Day 20 of gestation. Then, part of their placentas were fixed for histological and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis; other parts of the tissues were snap frozen in liquid @entity4 for subsequent mRNA analysis. Expression of genes regulating vasculo- and angiogenesis ( @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity8 , FGF-2R, @entity6 , and @entity11 ) as well as imprinted genes ( @entity7 , H19, @entity12 ) were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad software (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). Gene expression was analysed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test; P<0.05 was considered significant. Expression of all analysed imprinted genes as well as vasculo- and angiogenesis factors in NT placentas at Day 20 of development were down-regulated (v. CTR). Histological analysis showed reduced vascularization and increased apoptosis in placental tissue. The observation of ultrathin sections confirmed @entity5 . Cells presented decreased density of mature mitochondria, high number of cytoplasmic vacuolization, numerous cytoplasmic vesicles and autophagosomes, less developed cells to cell junctions, and disruption of chorionic villi, being irregularly and sparsely arranged. The results of the present study indicate that the @entity5 affecting particularly the vascular compartment start from early stage of placenta development. Moreover, imprinted genes, which have been already shown to determine the transport capacity of the placenta by regulating its growth, morphology and nutrient abundance, were deregulated in NT early placentas. All those factor can lead to the developmental failure of cloned fetuses.

title: 39 XXXX in @entity2 somatic cell clones at 20 days of gestation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has a broad spectrum of potential applications, ranging from therapeutic cloning, production of transgenic animals, drug production, regenerative medicine and even for the rescue of endangered species. It is already more than 16 years since Dolly, first cloned @entity0 , was born, and many improvements in @entity3 have been made by using different epigenetic and technical approaches but the efficiency is still disappointingly low. Only ~0.1 to 3% of reconstructed embryos develop to term. @entity3 is associated with high rate of fetal, perinatal, and neonatal losses and production of abnormal offspring. Many factors have been implied in the pathogenesis of the NT fetal losses, but it seems that the highest incidence is @entity5 , confirmed by our first reports studied on full-term @entity2 placentas. Reports strongly suggest that post-mortality in cloned @entity2 is mainly caused by @entity5 such as placentomegaly, @entity1 of trophoblastic epithelium, altered basement membrane, and reduced vascularisation. The pathogenesis of these changes is poorly understood, so here we analysed early @entity2 placenta (20 days) for better understanding of mechanisms involved. Blastocysts obtained by nuclear transfer of somatic cells (adult @entity2 fibroblasts) were transferred into recipient ewes. Naturally mated ewes were analysed as controls (CTR). Conceptuses were recovered at Day 20 of gestation. Then, part of their placentas were fixed for histological and transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis; other parts of the tissues were snap frozen in liquid @entity4 for subsequent mRNA analysis. Expression of genes regulating vasculo- and angiogenesis ( @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity8 , FGF-2R, @entity6 , and @entity11 ) as well as imprinted genes ( @entity7 , H19, @entity12 ) were analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad software (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). Gene expression was analysed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test; P<0.05 was considered significant. Expression of all analysed imprinted genes as well as vasculo- and angiogenesis factors in NT placentas at Day 20 of development were down-regulated (v. CTR). Histological analysis showed reduced vascularization and increased apoptosis in placental tissue. The observation of ultrathin sections confirmed @entity5 . Cells presented decreased density of mature mitochondria, high number of cytoplasmic vacuolization, numerous cytoplasmic vesicles and autophagosomes, less developed cells to cell junctions, and disruption of chorionic villi, being irregularly and sparsely arranged. The results of the present study indicate that the @entity5 affecting particularly the vascular compartment start from early stage of placenta development. Moreover, imprinted genes, which have been already shown to determine the transport capacity of the placenta by regulating its growth, morphology and nutrient abundance, were deregulated in NT early placentas. All those factor can lead to the developmental failure of cloned fetuses.

title: 39 @entity5 in XXXX somatic cell clones at 20 days of gestation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: Endothelial dysfunction was observed in @entity0 with @entity5 . The aim of the present study was to evaluate the extent of endothelial function impairment in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: We systematically searched through the PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang databases for studies dated up to January 2015. All observational studies that compared endothelial function between @entity5 @entity0 and healthy controls were included. Endothelial function was measured by brachial artery flow-mediated @entity1 and @entity4 -induced dilatation techniques. RESULTS: Eleven observational studies were identified. Meta-analysis indicated that @entity5 @entity0 were associated with a reduction in brachial artery flow-mediated @entity1 (weighted mean difference, -4.82%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -5.63 to -4.00) compared with the healthy controls. Subgroup analysis indicated that the @entity0 with @entity6 or a body mass index of more than 30   kg/m(2) appeared to have a greater reduction in their flow-mediated @entity1 . However, no significant differences were observed in the @entity4 -induced @entity1 (weighted mean difference, -0.4%; 95% confidence interval, -2.19 to 1.39). CONCLUSION: @entity5 is associated with a greater risk of @entity2 as indicated by the decreased brachial artery flow-mediated @entity1 . Assessment of endothelial function may be recommended to identify subclinical @entity3 and to create subgroups of @entity5 @entity0 who are at higher risk of future cardiovascular events.

title: Association of XXXX with impaired endothelial function by flow-mediated @entity1 : A meta-analysis.

answer: @entity5