abstract: Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway of cellular components that displays antiinflammatory properties in macrophages. Macrophages are critically involved in @entity8 by releasing mediators that promote hepatocyte apoptosis, contribute to inflammatory cell recruitment and activation of hepatic fibrogenic cells. Here, we investigated whether macrophage autophagy may protect against @entity8 . Experiments were performed in @entity0 with mutations in the autophagy gene @entity9 in the myeloid lineage ( @entity9 (fl/fl) @entity11 -Cre @entity0 , referred to as @entity9 (-/-)) and their wild-type ( @entity9 (fl/fl), referred to as WT) littermates. @entity6 was induced by repeated intraperitoneal injection of @entity7 . In vitro studies were performed in cultures or co-cultures of peritoneal macrophages with hepatic myofibroblasts. As compared to WT littermates, @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 exposed to chronic @entity7 administration displayed higher hepatic levels of @entity4 and @entity5 and enhanced inflammatory cell recruitment associated with exacerbated @entity3 . In addition, @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 were more susceptible to @entity6 , as shown by enhanced matrix and fibrogenic cell accumulation. Macrophages from @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 secreted higher levels of reactive @entity1 species (ROS)-induced @entity4 and @entity5 . Moreover, hepatic myofibroblasts exposed to the conditioned medium of macrophages from @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 showed increased profibrogenic gene expression; this effect was blunted when neutralizing @entity4 and @entity5 in the conditioned medium of @entity9 (-/-) macrophages. Finally, administration of recombinant @entity10 ( @entity10 ) to @entity7 -exposed @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 blunted @entity3 and @entity2 , identifying @entity4 as central mediators in the deleterious effects of macrophage autophagy invalidation. These results uncover macrophage autophagy as a novel antiinflammatory pathway regulating @entity6 .

title: Macrophage autophagy protects against XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway of cellular components that displays antiinflammatory properties in macrophages. Macrophages are critically involved in @entity8 by releasing mediators that promote hepatocyte apoptosis, contribute to inflammatory cell recruitment and activation of hepatic fibrogenic cells. Here, we investigated whether macrophage autophagy may protect against @entity8 . Experiments were performed in @entity0 with mutations in the autophagy gene @entity9 in the myeloid lineage ( @entity9 (fl/fl) @entity11 -Cre @entity0 , referred to as @entity9 (-/-)) and their wild-type ( @entity9 (fl/fl), referred to as WT) littermates. @entity6 was induced by repeated intraperitoneal injection of @entity7 . In vitro studies were performed in cultures or co-cultures of peritoneal macrophages with hepatic myofibroblasts. As compared to WT littermates, @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 exposed to chronic @entity7 administration displayed higher hepatic levels of @entity4 and @entity5 and enhanced inflammatory cell recruitment associated with exacerbated @entity3 . In addition, @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 were more susceptible to @entity6 , as shown by enhanced matrix and fibrogenic cell accumulation. Macrophages from @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 secreted higher levels of reactive @entity1 species (ROS)-induced @entity4 and @entity5 . Moreover, hepatic myofibroblasts exposed to the conditioned medium of macrophages from @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 showed increased profibrogenic gene expression; this effect was blunted when neutralizing @entity4 and @entity5 in the conditioned medium of @entity9 (-/-) macrophages. Finally, administration of recombinant @entity10 ( @entity10 ) to @entity7 -exposed @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 blunted @entity3 and @entity2 , identifying @entity4 as central mediators in the deleterious effects of macrophage autophagy invalidation. These results uncover macrophage autophagy as a novel antiinflammatory pathway regulating @entity6 .

title: Macrophage autophagy protects against @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: One hundred eighty-seven @entity0 between 13 and 49 years of age had ovarian function evaluated from 1 to 15 years (median, 4) after marrow transplant for @entity4 or @entity3 . Among 43 @entity0 transplanted for @entity4 following 200 mg/kg @entity2 ( @entity6 ), all 27 less than 26 years of age, but only five of 16 greater than 26 years of age recovered normal ovarian function. Nine of the 43 have had 12 pregnancies, resulting in eight live births, and two elective and two spontaneous abortions. All eight @entity0 are normal. Nine of 144 @entity0 transplanted for @entity3 following 120 mg/kg @entity6 and 9.20 to 15.75 Gy @entity1 ( @entity1 ) recovered ovarian function. Two of these nine have had three pregnancies, resulting in two spontaneous and one elective abortion. The probability of having @entity5 was 0.35 by 7 years for @entity0 receiving @entity6 alone and was 1.00 at 1 year for @entity0 receiving @entity6 plus @entity1 (P less than .0001). By 7 years after transplant the probabilities of having normal ovarian function were 0.92 after @entity6 alone and 0.24 after @entity6 plus @entity1 (P less than .0001). Multivariate analysis showed that @entity1 was the only factor significantly influencing @entity5 and that both @entity1 and greater @entity0 age at transplant were significantly associated with a decreased probability of recovering normal ovarian function. These data demonstrate that after high-dose @entity6 , recovery of ovarian function occurs in younger @entity0 and in a minority of older @entity0 , but after @entity6 and @entity1 , recovery occurs in only a few younger @entity0 and none of the older @entity0 .

title: Ovarian function following marrow transplantation for XXXX or @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: One hundred eighty-seven @entity0 between 13 and 49 years of age had ovarian function evaluated from 1 to 15 years (median, 4) after marrow transplant for @entity4 or @entity3 . Among 43 @entity0 transplanted for @entity4 following 200 mg/kg @entity2 ( @entity6 ), all 27 less than 26 years of age, but only five of 16 greater than 26 years of age recovered normal ovarian function. Nine of the 43 have had 12 pregnancies, resulting in eight live births, and two elective and two spontaneous abortions. All eight @entity0 are normal. Nine of 144 @entity0 transplanted for @entity3 following 120 mg/kg @entity6 and 9.20 to 15.75 Gy @entity1 ( @entity1 ) recovered ovarian function. Two of these nine have had three pregnancies, resulting in two spontaneous and one elective abortion. The probability of having @entity5 was 0.35 by 7 years for @entity0 receiving @entity6 alone and was 1.00 at 1 year for @entity0 receiving @entity6 plus @entity1 (P less than .0001). By 7 years after transplant the probabilities of having normal ovarian function were 0.92 after @entity6 alone and 0.24 after @entity6 plus @entity1 (P less than .0001). Multivariate analysis showed that @entity1 was the only factor significantly influencing @entity5 and that both @entity1 and greater @entity0 age at transplant were significantly associated with a decreased probability of recovering normal ovarian function. These data demonstrate that after high-dose @entity6 , recovery of ovarian function occurs in younger @entity0 and in a minority of older @entity0 , but after @entity6 and @entity1 , recovery occurs in only a few younger @entity0 and none of the older @entity0 .

title: Ovarian function following marrow transplantation for @entity4 or XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This observer-blind study (clinicaltrials.gov NCT01462357) compared the immunogenicity and safety of 2 doses of the @entity2 /18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine ( @entity2 /18(2D)) vs. 2 or 3 doses of the HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine (HPV-6/11/16/18(2D) and HPV-6/11/16/18(3D)) in healthy @entity0 aged 9-14 y. @entity0 were randomized (1:1:1) to receive @entity2 /18(2D) at months (M) 0,6 (N = 359), HPV-6/11/16/18(2D) at M0,6 (N = 358) or HPV-6/11/16/18(3D) at M0,2,6 (N = 358). The primary objective was non-inferiority/superiority of HPV-16/18 antibodies by ELISA for @entity2 /18(2D) vs. HPV-6/11/16/18(2D) at M7 in the according-to-protocol immunogenicity cohort ( @entity1 -I) and total vaccinated cohort, respectively. Secondary objectives included non-inferiority/superiority of @entity2 /18(2D) vs. HPV-6/11/16/18(3D) at M7, non-inferiority/superiority at M12, @entity2 /18 neutralizing antibodies, frequencies of T-cells/B-cells, reactogenicity and safety. Antibody responses at M7 for @entity2 /18(2D) were superior to those for HPV-6/11/16/18(2D) and HPV-6/11/16/18(3D) (lower limit of 95% confidence interval for geometric mean titer ratio (GMR) was >1): @entity2 /18(2D)/HPV-6/11/16/18(2D) GMRs were 1.69 [1.49-1.91] for anti-HPV-16 and 4.52 [3.97-5.13] for anti-HPV-18; @entity2 /18(2D)/HPV-6/11/16/18(3D) GMRs were 1.72 [1.54-1.93] for anti-HPV-16 and 3.22 [2.82-3.68] for anti-HPV-18; p = 0.0001 for all comparisons. Non-inferiority/superiority was also demonstrated at M12. Among initially seronegative @entity0 in the @entity1 -I, neutralizing antibody titers were at least 1.8-fold higher for @entity2 /18(2D) vs. HPV-6/11/16/18(2D) and HPV-6/11/16/18(3D) at M7 and M12. Frequencies of @entity2 /18-specific T-cells and B-cells were in similar ranges between groups. Reactogenicity and safety were in line with the known profile of each vaccine. In conclusion, superior HPV-16/18 antibody responses were elicited by 2 doses of the @entity2 /18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine compared with 2 or 3 doses of the HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine in @entity0 (9-14  years).

title: Comparative immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine and HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine administered according to 2- and 3-dose schedules in XXXX aged 9-14  years: Results to month 12 from a randomized trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Coagulation factor (F) @entity6 is associated with a @entity2 tendency of variable severity, but phenotype determinants are largely unknown. Recently, we have shown that three @entity0 with undetectable plasma FV and mild @entity2 symptoms had sufficient residual platelet FV to support @entity3 generation in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Therefore, we hypothesized that @entity5 @entity0 with severe @entity2 manifestations may lack platelet FV. OBJECTIVES: To characterize a @entity5 @entity0 with a severe @entity2 diathesis. @entity0 /METHODS: We performed FV mutation screening and functional studies in a 31-year-old male (FV:C < 1%) with umbilical @entity2 at birth, recurrent @entity7 and @entity1 , and a recent @entity4 . RESULTS: The proband was homozygous for a deep-intronic mutation (F5 @entity8 ) causing the inclusion of a pseudo-exon with an in-frame stop codon in the mature F5 mRNA. Although platelet FV antigen was detectable by immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting, no FV activity could be demonstrated in the proband's plasma or platelets with a prothrombinase-based assay. Moreover, no @entity3 generation was observed in PRP triggered with 1-50 pm tissue factor (even in the presence of platelet agonists), whereas an acquired FV inhibitor was excluded. Clot formation in the proband's whole blood, as assessed by thromboelastometry, was markedly delayed but not abolished. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a pathogenic deep-intronic mutation in the F5 gene. Our findings indicate that the minimal FV requirement for viability is extremely low and suggest that @entity3 generation in PRP may predict @entity2 tendency in @entity0 with undetectable plasma FV.

title: Homozygous F5 deep-intronic splicing mutation resulting in severe factor V deficiency and undetectable XXXX generation in platelet-rich plasma.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Growing interest in multimorbidity is observable in industrialized countries. For Germany, the increasing attention still goes still hand in hand with a small number of studies on multimorbidity. The authors report the first results of a cross-sectional study on a large sample of policy holders (n = 123,224) of a statutory health insurance company operating nationwide. This is the first comprehensive study addressing multimorbidity on the basis of German claims data. The main research question was to find out which @entity3 and disease combinations are specific to multimorbidity in the elderly. METHODS: The study is based on the claims data of all insured policy holders aged 65 and older (n = 123,224). Adjustment for age and gender was performed for the German population in 2004. A @entity0 was defined as multimorbid if she/he had at least 3 diagnoses out of a list of 46 chronic conditions in three or more quarters within the one-year observation period. Prevalences and risk-ratios were calculated for the multimorbid and non-multimorbid samples in order to identify diagnoses more specific to multimorbidity and to detect excess prevalences of multimorbidity patterns. RESULTS: 62% of the sample was multimorbid. @entity0 in general and @entity0 receiving statutory nursing care due to disability are overrepresented in the multimorbid sample. Out of the possible 15,180 combinations of three chronic conditions, 15,024 (99%) were found in the database. Regardless of this wide variety of combinations, the most prevalent individual chronic conditions do also dominate the combinations: Triads of the six most prevalent individual chronic conditions ( @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity1 , @entity5 and @entity6 ) span the disease spectrum of 42% of the multimorbid sample. Gender differences were minor. Observed-to-expected ratios were highest when @entity10 / @entity9 metabolism disorders/ @entity4 and @entity5 were part of the multimorbidity patterns. CONCLUSIONS: The above list of dominating chronic conditions and their combinations could present a pragmatic start for the development of needed guidelines related to multimorbidity.

title: Which XXXX and disease combinations are specific to multimorbidity in the elderly? Results of a claims data based cross-sectional study in Germany.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the level and cost of unscheduled health care resource use in adults and @entity0 across all @entity1 symptom severities in Latin America. METHODS: The level and cost of health care resource use were analysed for 2074 @entity0 with @entity1 included in the Asthma Insights and Reality in Latin America (AIRLA) survey from 10 Latin American countries. Health care resource use was multiplied by country-specific unit costs to estimate average per- @entity0 annual costs. @entity0 were classified as adults (> or = 16 years) or @entity0 (<16 years), with disease severity categorized using a symptom severity index. RESULTS: Persistent @entity1 symptoms were experienced by 53.1% of @entity0 (50.1% of @entity0 and 54.6% of adults). In the year preceding the survey, 57.1% of @entity0 required unscheduled health care resource use and 45.1% reported at least 1 emergency hospital contact. The percentage of @entity0 reporting unscheduled health care resource use was greatest amongst those with severe persistent symptoms (71.9%) but it was also high in those with mild intermittent symptoms (45.7%). An average of 73.2% of annual costs of @entity1 -related health care for the 10 countries was due to unscheduled health care. Expenditure on unscheduled care was greatest amongst both adults and @entity0 with severe persistent @entity1 symptoms (US  558 and US  769, respectively). Adults and @entity0 with mild intermittent symptoms also incurred considerable unscheduled costs (US  204 and US  215, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Poorly controlled @entity1 imposes a considerable cost burden driven by unscheduled health care resource use in Latin America. Treatments to control @entity1 and reduce the need for unscheduled health care could reduce this cost in both adults and @entity0 .

title: The burden of unscheduled health care for XXXX in Latin America.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Somatic symptoms often co-occur with @entity2 but this overlap is poorly understood. Some aspects of this overlap differ in the South Asian context, but it is not clear whether this is a reporting effect or an underlying difference in experienced @entity1 . METHODS: Home interviews were administered to 4,024 twins randomly selected from a population-based twin register in the Colombo district of @entity4 Lanka (the CoTASS study). These included assessments of psychological, @entity5 . The data were analyzed using factor analytic and quantitative genetic approaches. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the symptoms from the three scales represented three separate dimensions, rather than all tapping into a single dimension. However, familial correlations among the data were most consistent with a common pathway model. This implies that a portion of the underlying vulnerability is common across @entity5 . There were sex differences in the etiology of this model, with shared environmental and genetic influences playing different roles in @entity0 and @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: There is a complex etiological relationship between @entity5 . This is similar in @entity4 Lanka to Western countries, but there may be a greater influence from the family environment, suggesting that care needs to be taken when generalizing research findings between countries. @entity0 who complain of certain @entity3 or somatic symptoms may well also have @entity2 , or may have genetic or environmental vulnerabilities to such problems.

title: Genetic and environmental contributions to the overlap between XXXX : a twin study in @entity4 Lanka.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Somatic symptoms often co-occur with @entity2 but this overlap is poorly understood. Some aspects of this overlap differ in the South Asian context, but it is not clear whether this is a reporting effect or an underlying difference in experienced @entity1 . METHODS: Home interviews were administered to 4,024 twins randomly selected from a population-based twin register in the Colombo district of @entity4 Lanka (the CoTASS study). These included assessments of psychological, @entity5 . The data were analyzed using factor analytic and quantitative genetic approaches. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the symptoms from the three scales represented three separate dimensions, rather than all tapping into a single dimension. However, familial correlations among the data were most consistent with a common pathway model. This implies that a portion of the underlying vulnerability is common across @entity5 . There were sex differences in the etiology of this model, with shared environmental and genetic influences playing different roles in @entity0 and @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: There is a complex etiological relationship between @entity5 . This is similar in @entity4 Lanka to Western countries, but there may be a greater influence from the family environment, suggesting that care needs to be taken when generalizing research findings between countries. @entity0 who complain of certain @entity3 or somatic symptoms may well also have @entity2 , or may have genetic or environmental vulnerabilities to such problems.

title: Genetic and environmental contributions to the overlap between @entity5 : a twin study in XXXX Lanka.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the long-term outcomes of a single-center prospective study investigating primary placement of @entity4 -eluting metal stents for recanalization of long infrapopliteal lesions compared to a matched historical control group treated with @entity3 and provisional placement of bare metal stents in a bailout manner. METHODS: The study included 81 @entity0 (63 @entity0 ; mean age 71 years, range 45-85) suffering from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and angiographically proven long-segment (at least 1 lesion >4.5 cm) de novo infrapopliteal artery disease who underwent below-the-knee revascularization with either primary placement of @entity4 -eluting stents (n = 47, 51 limbs, 102 lesions) or angioplasty and bailout bare metal stenting (n = 34, 36 limbs, 72 lesions). Clinical and angiographic follow-up was collected at regular time intervals. Primary clinical and angiographic endpoints included @entity0 survival, major amputation-free survival, angiographic primary patency, @entity2 (>50%), and overall event-free survival. Results were stratified according to endovascular treatment received. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was applied to adjust for confounding factors of heterogeneity. RESULTS: Baseline demographics were well matched. No significant differences were identified between the 2 groups with regard to overall 3-year @entity0 survival (82.2% versus 65.7%; p = 0.90) and amputation-free survival (77.1% versus 86.9%; p = 0.20). Up to 3 years, lesions fully covered with @entity4 -eluting stents were associated with significantly higher primary patency [hazard ratio (HR) 7.98, 95% CI 3.69 to 17.25, p < 0.0001], reduced binary restenosis (HR 2.94, 95% CI 1.74 to 4.99, p < 0.0001), and improved overall event-free survival (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.13, p = 0.015) versus the matched historical control group. CONCLUSION: Primary infrapopliteal @entity4 -eluting stenting for @entity1 treatment significantly inhibits restenosis and improves long-term angiographic patency and overall @entity0 event-free survival compared to balloon angioplasty and bailout bare metal stenting.

title: Primary XXXX -eluting stenting versus balloon angioplasty with bailout bare metal stenting of long infrapopliteal lesions for treatment of @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the long-term outcomes of a single-center prospective study investigating primary placement of @entity4 -eluting metal stents for recanalization of long infrapopliteal lesions compared to a matched historical control group treated with @entity3 and provisional placement of bare metal stents in a bailout manner. METHODS: The study included 81 @entity0 (63 @entity0 ; mean age 71 years, range 45-85) suffering from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and angiographically proven long-segment (at least 1 lesion >4.5 cm) de novo infrapopliteal artery disease who underwent below-the-knee revascularization with either primary placement of @entity4 -eluting stents (n = 47, 51 limbs, 102 lesions) or angioplasty and bailout bare metal stenting (n = 34, 36 limbs, 72 lesions). Clinical and angiographic follow-up was collected at regular time intervals. Primary clinical and angiographic endpoints included @entity0 survival, major amputation-free survival, angiographic primary patency, @entity2 (>50%), and overall event-free survival. Results were stratified according to endovascular treatment received. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was applied to adjust for confounding factors of heterogeneity. RESULTS: Baseline demographics were well matched. No significant differences were identified between the 2 groups with regard to overall 3-year @entity0 survival (82.2% versus 65.7%; p = 0.90) and amputation-free survival (77.1% versus 86.9%; p = 0.20). Up to 3 years, lesions fully covered with @entity4 -eluting stents were associated with significantly higher primary patency [hazard ratio (HR) 7.98, 95% CI 3.69 to 17.25, p < 0.0001], reduced binary restenosis (HR 2.94, 95% CI 1.74 to 4.99, p < 0.0001), and improved overall event-free survival (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.16 to 4.13, p = 0.015) versus the matched historical control group. CONCLUSION: Primary infrapopliteal @entity4 -eluting stenting for @entity1 treatment significantly inhibits restenosis and improves long-term angiographic patency and overall @entity0 event-free survival compared to balloon angioplasty and bailout bare metal stenting.

title: Primary @entity4 -eluting stenting versus balloon angioplasty with bailout bare metal stenting of long infrapopliteal lesions for treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A total of 101 @entity0 (total group) with primary large angle @entity2 who had primary bimedial rectus recession (BMR) of 6.5 mm or more were reviewed in a retrospective study. The average pre-operative size of the deviation was 63.5 prism diopters (PD) for near and 58.2 PD for distance. Of these, 26 @entity0 (group I) attended for one post-operative visit only. The remaining 75 @entity0 (group II) were followed for an average period of 17.7 months. Among group II @entity0 there was an average shift in the post-operative deviation towards divergence consisting of-6.4 PD for near and-5.5 PD for distance. The alignment (deviation of 10 PD or below) rate in the first postoperative visit was 31.7%; undercorrection was 60.4% and overcorrection was 7.9%. At the end of the period of follow-up the above rates were 40%, 42.7%, and 17.3% respectively without further surgery. This increase in the overcorrection rate was solely derived from the initially aligned @entity0 . @entity1 and/or poor fixation were found to be of significance in the production of overcorrection. There was no direct relationship between the age of surgery, duration of follow-up or the degree of the BMR and the rate of correction. Among group II @entity0 , post-operative ocular movements analysis revealed limitation of adduction of-0.5 to-0.75 (out of scale 0 to-4.00) in 22.7% (17/75) and-1.00 to-1.50 in 6.7% (5/75). None had more than-1.5 limitation of adduction. Large BMR is an acceptable surgical modality for the management of large angle @entity2 . It has approximately 50% alignment rate. Slight undercorrection is recommended especially in the presence of significant @entity1 and/or poor fixation. No significant limitation of adduction was encountered.

title: Original papers: Large bimedial rectus recession (6.5 mm or more) in the management of large-angle XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with multiechoes spin-echo sequences was investigated in 22 @entity0 with @entity3 (group I) and 25 normal subjects serving as controls (group II). The results of MRI in group I were compared with those of echocardiography and radionuclide ventriculography. Measurements of left ventricular dimensions at echography and MRI showed a tendency, with MRI, to overestimate wall thickness and underestimate ventricular diameter. Thus, for diastolic LV we had 63.8 +/- 10.5 mm with MRI vs 70.6 +/- 7.6 mm with echography, the corresponding figures for posterior wall thickness being 112 +/- 1.4 mm vs 9.9 +/- 1.1 mm respectively. These differences seem to be due to MRI introducing a partial volume effect dependent on the thickness of slices and of their orientation in relation to the @entity2 . MRI evaluation of left ventricular function by calculation of myocardial fibre shortening fractions correlated poorly with the echocardiographic value of the same parameter and with the radionuclide ejection fraction (r = 0.58 and 0.575 respectively; p less than 0.05). For better quantification of the cardiac pump function, planimetry of the endocardial contour during diastole and systole is required. It would seem that the value of MRI resides in the possibility it offers to explore left intraventricular haemodynamics by studying the "flow signal" obtainable from multiechoes sequences at different moments of the cardiac cycle. During systole, we found a left intraventricular signal that was reinforced on even echoes and much more intense in @entity1 @entity0 (scores = 1.61 +/- 1.06) than in controls (score = 0.77 +/- 0.7; p less than 0.01). The intensity score for this signal correlated with the ejection fraction in group I subjects (r = 0.82).

title: [Value of nuclear magnetic resonance in XXXX . Approach to intraventricular hemodynamics].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The epidemiological and clinical features of @entity8 in 108 @entity0 were studied. Of these, 69 (64%) were aged 15 or over and only eight (7%) were under the age of 5. @entity7 was found in 38 (35%) @entity0 and @entity1 such as mild malaise, fever, and aching in 34 (31%) @entity0 . Common symptoms were redness, watering, discharge, @entity2 , irritation, and lid swelling, whereas @entity3 , @entity9 , lid vesicles and @entity6 , and @entity4 were less frequent. The major signs consisted of vesicles and @entity6 on the lids, papillary responses which were more severe in the upper lid conjunctiva, follicles which were more common in the lower lid conjunctiva, fine and coarse @entity5 , and @entity5 . @entity6 and @entity5 were found in 16 (15%) and two (2%) @entity0 respectively. The clinical forms of @entity8 varied. Moderate or severe disease was observed in 41 (38%) and 16 (15%) @entity0 respectively. In eight (7%) @entity0 the disease presented as an @entity10 without characteristic lid or corneal lesions. A chronic blepharoconjunctivitis which lasted for months developed in 16 (15%) @entity0 . The epidemiological and clinical features in our @entity0 were compared with features of the disease reported previously.

title: Epidemiological and clinical features of XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity1 toxin and Fragment B from @entity1 toxin were assayed for activity on the @entity0 phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation. Both molecules produced blockade of neuromuscular transmission, but the parent molecule was at least two orders of magnitude more potent than the fragment. Experiments were done to determine whether the @entity2 attributed to Fragment B was authentic or due to contamination with the parent molecule. Analysis of the fragment by high-performance liquid chromatography and by @entity4 gel electrophoresis in the presence of @entity5 revealed trace contamination. Removal of the major contaminant (1-2%) did not abolish @entity2 of the material. However, in pharmacological experiments with native toxin and its fragment, the latter behaved indistinguishably from the former. At equiactive concentrations, both were antagonized by @entity3 and both were antagonized by lysosomotropic agents ( @entity6 and @entity7 ). In addition, monoclonal antibodies directed against epitopes in @entity3 neutralized both native toxin and the material presumed to be Fragment B. The studies with antagonists and antibodies suggest that the @entity2 apparently associated with Fragment B was in fact due to trace contamination with the parent molecule. In experiments on planar lipid bilayers, Fragment B formed pH-dependent channels. This activity was not abolished by monoclonal antibodies directed against epitopes in @entity3 . The data indicate that Fragment B retains the ability to form channels in membranes, but in the absence of @entity3 it retains little ability to paralyze neuromuscular transmission.

title: Neuropharmacological characterization of fragment B from XXXX toxin.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 resistance is a common risk factor in @entity4 @entity0 contributing to the high cardiovascular burden, even in the absence of @entity1 . @entity3 -based @entity2 ( @entity2 ) solutions are thought to intensify @entity5 resistance due to the continuous @entity3 absorption from the peritoneal cavity. The aim of our study was to analyse the effect of the substitution of @entity3 for @entity6 on @entity5 resistance in @entity1 @entity0 in a multicentric randomized clinical trial. METHODS: This was a multicenter, open-label study with balanced randomization (1:1) and two parallel-groups. Inclusion criteria were non- @entity1 adult @entity0 on automated @entity2 (APD) for at least 3 months on therapy prior to randomization. @entity0 assigned to the intervention group were treated with 2L of icodextrin 7.5%, and the control group with @entity3 2.5% during the long dwell and, at night in the cycler, with a prescription of standard @entity3 -based @entity2 solution only in both groups. The primary end-point was the change in @entity5 resistance measured by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index at 90 days. RESULTS: Sixty @entity0 were included in the intervention (n = 33) or the control (n = 27) groups. There was no difference between groups at baseline. After adjustment for pre-intervention HOMA index levels, the group treated with icodextrin had the lower post-intervention levels at 90 days in both intention to treat [1.49 (95% CI: 1.23-1.74) versus 1.89 (95% CI: 1.62-2.17)], (F = 4.643, P = 0.03, partial   (2) = 0.078); and the treated analysis [1.47 (95% CI: 1.01-1.84) versus 2.18 (95% CI: 1.81-2.55)], (F = 7.488, P = 0.01, partial   (2) = 0.195). CONCLUSIONS: The substitution of @entity3 for icodextrin for the long dwell improved @entity5 resistance measured by HOMA index in non- @entity1 APD @entity0 .

title: Icodextrin reduces @entity5 resistance in non- @entity1 @entity0 undergoing automated XXXX : results of a randomized controlled trial (STARCH).

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 resistance is a common risk factor in @entity4 @entity0 contributing to the high cardiovascular burden, even in the absence of @entity1 . @entity3 -based @entity2 ( @entity2 ) solutions are thought to intensify @entity5 resistance due to the continuous @entity3 absorption from the peritoneal cavity. The aim of our study was to analyse the effect of the substitution of @entity3 for @entity6 on @entity5 resistance in @entity1 @entity0 in a multicentric randomized clinical trial. METHODS: This was a multicenter, open-label study with balanced randomization (1:1) and two parallel-groups. Inclusion criteria were non- @entity1 adult @entity0 on automated @entity2 (APD) for at least 3 months on therapy prior to randomization. @entity0 assigned to the intervention group were treated with 2L of icodextrin 7.5%, and the control group with @entity3 2.5% during the long dwell and, at night in the cycler, with a prescription of standard @entity3 -based @entity2 solution only in both groups. The primary end-point was the change in @entity5 resistance measured by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index at 90 days. RESULTS: Sixty @entity0 were included in the intervention (n = 33) or the control (n = 27) groups. There was no difference between groups at baseline. After adjustment for pre-intervention HOMA index levels, the group treated with icodextrin had the lower post-intervention levels at 90 days in both intention to treat [1.49 (95% CI: 1.23-1.74) versus 1.89 (95% CI: 1.62-2.17)], (F = 4.643, P = 0.03, partial   (2) = 0.078); and the treated analysis [1.47 (95% CI: 1.01-1.84) versus 2.18 (95% CI: 1.81-2.55)], (F = 7.488, P = 0.01, partial   (2) = 0.195). CONCLUSIONS: The substitution of @entity3 for icodextrin for the long dwell improved @entity5 resistance measured by HOMA index in non- @entity1 APD @entity0 .

title: Icodextrin reduces @entity5 resistance in non- XXXX @entity0 undergoing automated @entity2 : results of a randomized controlled trial (STARCH).

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 resistance is a common risk factor in @entity4 @entity0 contributing to the high cardiovascular burden, even in the absence of @entity1 . @entity3 -based @entity2 ( @entity2 ) solutions are thought to intensify @entity5 resistance due to the continuous @entity3 absorption from the peritoneal cavity. The aim of our study was to analyse the effect of the substitution of @entity3 for @entity6 on @entity5 resistance in @entity1 @entity0 in a multicentric randomized clinical trial. METHODS: This was a multicenter, open-label study with balanced randomization (1:1) and two parallel-groups. Inclusion criteria were non- @entity1 adult @entity0 on automated @entity2 (APD) for at least 3 months on therapy prior to randomization. @entity0 assigned to the intervention group were treated with 2L of icodextrin 7.5%, and the control group with @entity3 2.5% during the long dwell and, at night in the cycler, with a prescription of standard @entity3 -based @entity2 solution only in both groups. The primary end-point was the change in @entity5 resistance measured by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index at 90 days. RESULTS: Sixty @entity0 were included in the intervention (n = 33) or the control (n = 27) groups. There was no difference between groups at baseline. After adjustment for pre-intervention HOMA index levels, the group treated with icodextrin had the lower post-intervention levels at 90 days in both intention to treat [1.49 (95% CI: 1.23-1.74) versus 1.89 (95% CI: 1.62-2.17)], (F = 4.643, P = 0.03, partial   (2) = 0.078); and the treated analysis [1.47 (95% CI: 1.01-1.84) versus 2.18 (95% CI: 1.81-2.55)], (F = 7.488, P = 0.01, partial   (2) = 0.195). CONCLUSIONS: The substitution of @entity3 for icodextrin for the long dwell improved @entity5 resistance measured by HOMA index in non- @entity1 APD @entity0 .

title: Icodextrin reduces XXXX resistance in non- @entity1 @entity0 undergoing automated @entity2 : results of a randomized controlled trial (STARCH).

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 resistance is a common risk factor in @entity4 @entity0 contributing to the high cardiovascular burden, even in the absence of @entity1 . @entity3 -based @entity2 ( @entity2 ) solutions are thought to intensify @entity5 resistance due to the continuous @entity3 absorption from the peritoneal cavity. The aim of our study was to analyse the effect of the substitution of @entity3 for @entity6 on @entity5 resistance in @entity1 @entity0 in a multicentric randomized clinical trial. METHODS: This was a multicenter, open-label study with balanced randomization (1:1) and two parallel-groups. Inclusion criteria were non- @entity1 adult @entity0 on automated @entity2 (APD) for at least 3 months on therapy prior to randomization. @entity0 assigned to the intervention group were treated with 2L of icodextrin 7.5%, and the control group with @entity3 2.5% during the long dwell and, at night in the cycler, with a prescription of standard @entity3 -based @entity2 solution only in both groups. The primary end-point was the change in @entity5 resistance measured by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index at 90 days. RESULTS: Sixty @entity0 were included in the intervention (n = 33) or the control (n = 27) groups. There was no difference between groups at baseline. After adjustment for pre-intervention HOMA index levels, the group treated with icodextrin had the lower post-intervention levels at 90 days in both intention to treat [1.49 (95% CI: 1.23-1.74) versus 1.89 (95% CI: 1.62-2.17)], (F = 4.643, P = 0.03, partial   (2) = 0.078); and the treated analysis [1.47 (95% CI: 1.01-1.84) versus 2.18 (95% CI: 1.81-2.55)], (F = 7.488, P = 0.01, partial   (2) = 0.195). CONCLUSIONS: The substitution of @entity3 for icodextrin for the long dwell improved @entity5 resistance measured by HOMA index in non- @entity1 APD @entity0 .

title: Icodextrin reduces @entity5 resistance in non- @entity1 XXXX undergoing automated @entity2 : results of a randomized controlled trial (STARCH).

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We present the crystal structure and biochemical characterisation of @entity0 YbiB, a member of the hitherto uncharacterized TrpD2 protein family. Our results demonstrate that the functional diversity of proteins with a common fold can be far greater than predictable by computational annotation. The TrpD2 proteins show high structural homology to @entity3 phosphoribosyltransferase (TrpD) and @entity2 phosphorylase class II enzymes, but bind with high affinity ( @entity1 = 10-100 nM) to nucleic acids without detectable sequence specificity. The difference in affinity between single and double stranded DNA is minor. Results suggest that multiple YbiB molecules bind to one longer DNA molecule in a cooperative manner. The YbiB protein is a homodimer that, therefore, has two electropositive DNA binding grooves. But due to negative cooperativity within the dimer, only one groove binds DNA in in vitro experiments. A monomerised variant remains able to bind DNA with similar affinity, but the negative cooperative effect is eliminated. The ybiB gene forms an operon with the @entity4 gene dinG and is under LexA control, being induced by DNA damaging agents. Thus, speculatively, the TrpD2 proteins may be part of the LexA-controlled SOS response in bacteria.

title: YbiB from XXXX - the defining member of the novel TrpD2 family of prokaryotic DNA binding proteins.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To evaluate the role of selective intra-arterial low-dose thrombolytic therapy (SILDT) as an alternative to the surgical management of acute @entity3 , the hospital records of 40 @entity0 who underwent 43 SILDT treatments with either streptokinase (36) or urokinase (7) between December 1979 and March 1984 were reviewed. Twenty-eight @entity0 underwent 30 treatments (group 1) for native @entity3 and 12 @entity0 underwent 13 treatments (group 2) for prosthetic or autogenous graft occlusions. Therapy was deemed successful if subsequent surgical therapy was obviated. In group 1, SILDT was successful in 13 of 28 (45%) @entity0 with 12 of 25 lower extremity occlusions and one of three @entity3 . Successful lysis in the native @entity3 group fell into three categories: five @entity0 were successfully treated for arterial @entity6 complicating percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA); four @entity0 required PTA after complete lysis revealed an underlying @entity11 ; and only three required no further therapy after SILDT. SILDT failed in all three @entity0 with the @entity3 . Eleven @entity0 with femoral @entity3 and unsuccessful SILDT required six bypass procedures, three amputations, one embolectomy, and one PTA. In group 2 only 3 of 14 treatments (21%) were successful. Bypass revision was not possible in 11 @entity0 and all required amputation. Systemic fibrinolysis was seen in 20 (59%) of 34 @entity0 with available data. Neither fibrinogen levels nor fibrin degradation products predicted the occurrence of complications. Minor complications occurred in 18 of 43 (43%) treatments; small @entity9 at the catheter entry site were most common. Minor complications occurred in 20 of 43 treatments (44%) and included severe local @entity4 (four), distant @entity4 (three), @entity7 (four), @entity5 (three), unmasking of an @entity2 (one), and clot migration requiring emergency thrombectomy (four). SILDT is most effective in acute arterial @entity6 complicating arteriography or percutaneous angioplasty. It may play a role in the @entity0 in whom thrombolysis can reveal an underlying stenosis amenable to percutaneous angioplasty. This experience shows SILDT to be of limited value in the management of prosthetic autogenous graft occlusions. Finally, thrombolytic therapy is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates and requires cautious monitoring to detect arterial @entity6 migration, worsening tissue @entity1 , @entity8 , @entity10 , and local or systemic @entity4 .

title: Thrombolytic therapy for acute XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The merit of carotid endarterectomy for @entity0 who previously have sustained a @entity3 remains controversial. Between January 1976 and December 1983, 118 @entity3 @entity0 with mild to severe permanent @entity2 were evaluated. Fifty-nine @entity0 were managed nonoperatively and 59 operatively. Both cohorts were similar in age and sex distribution, incidence of @entity5 (69%), @entity1 (25%), and @entity7 (39%). In the long-term follow-up (medical cohort average was 44.1 +/- 5.0 months; surgical cohort average, 41.8 +/- 3.7 months) the overall survival rate was comparable, that is, there were nine medical @entity6 and eight surgical @entity6 . However, there was a significant difference in the development of new @entity2 . Twelve of the 59 unoperated @entity0 had new @entity2 and three @entity0 died at 12, 36, and 48 months as a result of a recurrent @entity3 . New @entity2 developed in only two of the 59 surgical @entity0 and there were no @entity3 -related @entity6 . When the cumulative probability of remaining free from recurrent deficits was examined in the surviving @entity0 at 6 years, all of the @entity0 in the operated group remained free from recurrent deficits, whereas only 58% of the @entity0 in the unoperated group were free of new @entity2 (p = 0.02). These data suggest that @entity3 @entity0 with fixed mild to moderate @entity2 and with @entity4 may be protected from recurrent neurologic complications by carotid endarterectomy.

title: Carotid endarterectomy after a XXXX : reduction in long-term neurologic deterioration.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Decentralization and task shifting has significantly improved access to @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Many studies conducted to determine the attrition rate in Ethiopia have not compared attrition rates between hospitals and health centers in a relatively recent cohort of @entity0 . This study compared @entity2 and loss to follow-up (LTFU) rates among @entity1 @entity0 in hospitals and health centers in south Ethiopia. METHODS: Data routinely collected from @entity0 aged older than 15 years who started @entity1 between July 2011 and August 2012 in 20 selected health facilities (12 being hospitals) were analyzed. The outcomes of interest were LTFU and @entity2 . The data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 and Stata version 12.0. Competing-risk regression models were used. RESULTS: The service years of the facilities were similar (median 8 and 7.5 for hospitals and health centers, respectively). The mean @entity0 age was 33.7  9.6 years. The median baseline @entity4 count was 179 (interquartile range 93-263) cells/mm(3). A total of 2,356 @entity0 -years of observation were made with a median follow-up duration of 28 (interquartile range 22-31) months; 24.6% were either dead or LTFU, resulting in a retention rate of 75.4%. The @entity2 rates were 3.0 and 1.5 and the LTFU rate were 9.0 and 10.9 per 100 @entity0 -years of observation in health centers and hospitals, respectively. The competing-risk regression model showed that the gap between testing and initiation of @entity1 , body mass index, World Health Organization clinical stage, @entity5 prophylaxis, age, facility type, and educational status were independently associated with LTFU. Moreover, baseline @entity3 , poor functional status, and follow-up at a health center were associated with an elevated probability of @entity2 . CONCLUSION: We observed a higher @entity2 rate and a lower LTFU rate in health centers than in hospitals. Most of the associated variables were also previously documented. Higher LTFU was noticed for @entity0 with a smaller gap between testing and initiation of treatment.

title: Do loss to follow-up and XXXX rates from @entity1 care vary across primary health care facilities and hospitals in south Ethiopia? A retrospective follow-up study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Decentralization and task shifting has significantly improved access to @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Many studies conducted to determine the attrition rate in Ethiopia have not compared attrition rates between hospitals and health centers in a relatively recent cohort of @entity0 . This study compared @entity2 and loss to follow-up (LTFU) rates among @entity1 @entity0 in hospitals and health centers in south Ethiopia. METHODS: Data routinely collected from @entity0 aged older than 15 years who started @entity1 between July 2011 and August 2012 in 20 selected health facilities (12 being hospitals) were analyzed. The outcomes of interest were LTFU and @entity2 . The data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0 and Stata version 12.0. Competing-risk regression models were used. RESULTS: The service years of the facilities were similar (median 8 and 7.5 for hospitals and health centers, respectively). The mean @entity0 age was 33.7  9.6 years. The median baseline @entity4 count was 179 (interquartile range 93-263) cells/mm(3). A total of 2,356 @entity0 -years of observation were made with a median follow-up duration of 28 (interquartile range 22-31) months; 24.6% were either dead or LTFU, resulting in a retention rate of 75.4%. The @entity2 rates were 3.0 and 1.5 and the LTFU rate were 9.0 and 10.9 per 100 @entity0 -years of observation in health centers and hospitals, respectively. The competing-risk regression model showed that the gap between testing and initiation of @entity1 , body mass index, World Health Organization clinical stage, @entity5 prophylaxis, age, facility type, and educational status were independently associated with LTFU. Moreover, baseline @entity3 , poor functional status, and follow-up at a health center were associated with an elevated probability of @entity2 . CONCLUSION: We observed a higher @entity2 rate and a lower LTFU rate in health centers than in hospitals. Most of the associated variables were also previously documented. Higher LTFU was noticed for @entity0 with a smaller gap between testing and initiation of treatment.

title: Do loss to follow-up and @entity2 rates from XXXX care vary across primary health care facilities and hospitals in south Ethiopia? A retrospective follow-up study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 is a rare clinical disturbance with a wide range of clinical manifestations. We report on a 6-year-old male with peculiar retinal presentation of @entity3 . The @entity0 was referred to Ophthalmology for central scotoma in the left eye, where visual acuity was 20/100. Fundus examination was unremarkable, except for yellowish material in the central macula. SD- @entity4 revealed interruption of the external limiting membrane and inner and outer segment junctions, with disorganized material in the vitelliform space and subretinal fluid. Six months later, fundus and SD- @entity4 examinations were unchanged without treatment, but visual acuity in the left eye had improved to 20/50. Five years later, he had similar clinical manifestations in the right eye. He was started on systemic @entity1 . After 15 days, his visual acuity improved to 20/20 and subretinal fluid and yellowish material in the vitelliform space disappeared. @entity3 has variable presentation, including vitelliform @entity2 .

title: A Case of Goldenhar Syndrome Associated with a New Retinal Presentation: Exudative Vitelliform XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Thirty-one @entity4 -treated @entity2 aortic valves (BAVs) and 105 @entity3 -treated @entity0 dura mater valves (HDVs) were used in 51 various artificial hearts up to 316 days in @entity2 . Multiple valves were implanted in the same animal under different hemodynamic conditions. A comparative study of these valves was performed in terms of blood compatibility and durability with relation to the different hemodynamic environments. Both BAVs and HDVs showed good blood compatibility. The degradation of collagen bundles of the valves began as early as 7 days in BAVs and 13 days in HDVs, and was seen in the hinged portions of the cusps. The fiber separation and resultant void formation were followed with insudation of blood elements and subsequent calcification. Calcification was dystrophic in nature and was encountered in 70.9% of BAVs and 7.6% of HDVs. All 17 BAVs used more than 30 days were calcified; in HDVs the earliest @entity1 was seen in a 78 day specimen. The pathological changes were more severe in the left side than the right of the total artificial hearts. These results clearly indicated that the @entity5 is more durable than the @entity4 -treated BAV. It was suggested that degradation of these tissue valves is greatly affected by the degree of hemodynamic stress on the valve cusp. Although @entity4 treatment has increased the durability of tissue valves in general, the structure of the valve tissue also plays an important role in long-term durability.

title: XXXX aortic and @entity0 dura mater valves: a comparative study in artificial hearts in @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Thirty-one @entity4 -treated @entity2 aortic valves (BAVs) and 105 @entity3 -treated @entity0 dura mater valves (HDVs) were used in 51 various artificial hearts up to 316 days in @entity2 . Multiple valves were implanted in the same animal under different hemodynamic conditions. A comparative study of these valves was performed in terms of blood compatibility and durability with relation to the different hemodynamic environments. Both BAVs and HDVs showed good blood compatibility. The degradation of collagen bundles of the valves began as early as 7 days in BAVs and 13 days in HDVs, and was seen in the hinged portions of the cusps. The fiber separation and resultant void formation were followed with insudation of blood elements and subsequent calcification. Calcification was dystrophic in nature and was encountered in 70.9% of BAVs and 7.6% of HDVs. All 17 BAVs used more than 30 days were calcified; in HDVs the earliest @entity1 was seen in a 78 day specimen. The pathological changes were more severe in the left side than the right of the total artificial hearts. These results clearly indicated that the @entity5 is more durable than the @entity4 -treated BAV. It was suggested that degradation of these tissue valves is greatly affected by the degree of hemodynamic stress on the valve cusp. Although @entity4 treatment has increased the durability of tissue valves in general, the structure of the valve tissue also plays an important role in long-term durability.

title: @entity2 aortic and @entity0 dura mater valves: a comparative study in artificial hearts in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Thirty-one @entity4 -treated @entity2 aortic valves (BAVs) and 105 @entity3 -treated @entity0 dura mater valves (HDVs) were used in 51 various artificial hearts up to 316 days in @entity2 . Multiple valves were implanted in the same animal under different hemodynamic conditions. A comparative study of these valves was performed in terms of blood compatibility and durability with relation to the different hemodynamic environments. Both BAVs and HDVs showed good blood compatibility. The degradation of collagen bundles of the valves began as early as 7 days in BAVs and 13 days in HDVs, and was seen in the hinged portions of the cusps. The fiber separation and resultant void formation were followed with insudation of blood elements and subsequent calcification. Calcification was dystrophic in nature and was encountered in 70.9% of BAVs and 7.6% of HDVs. All 17 BAVs used more than 30 days were calcified; in HDVs the earliest @entity1 was seen in a 78 day specimen. The pathological changes were more severe in the left side than the right of the total artificial hearts. These results clearly indicated that the @entity5 is more durable than the @entity4 -treated BAV. It was suggested that degradation of these tissue valves is greatly affected by the degree of hemodynamic stress on the valve cusp. Although @entity4 treatment has increased the durability of tissue valves in general, the structure of the valve tissue also plays an important role in long-term durability.

title: @entity2 aortic and XXXX dura mater valves: a comparative study in artificial hearts in @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Objective. To analyze the clinical characteristics of inpatients with @entity3 and the factors that influenced those characteristics. Methods. Using the @entity0 records from 1990 to 2013 from three highly ranked Chinese hospitals, we retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of 108 inpatients with @entity3 (not @entity3 admitted). Results. The mean @entity0 age was 42    20 years old and male-to-female ratio was 1   :   1.3. The number of @entity0 with @entity3 increased gradually, and cases diagnosed after 2005 accounted for 68.5% of the 108 total cases. The most common trigger was medications. The most common clinical manifestations included cutaneous, nervous, respiratory, circulatory, and digestive signs and symptoms. Male @entity0 were more likely to experience @entity1 . Multisystem involvement was more likely to develop in @entity0 with low BP, whereas it was uncommon in those with @entity3 induced by antibiotics or anesthetics. @entity2 was used as the first-line treatment for 56 cases. Conclusions. Inpatient with @entity3 was more common in female @entity0 and the number increased gradually during the study period. The most common trigger was medications. @entity0 with low BP were prone to having multisystem involvement, whereas the cases of @entity3 induced by antibiotics and anesthetics were less likely to involve multiple organ systems.

title: Clinical Characteristics of Inpatients with XXXX in China.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Infection associated with orthopedic implants often results in @entity2 and requires surgical removal of the implant. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological changes of bone adjacent to a bacteria-colonized implant, with the aim of identifying temporal patterns that are characteristic of @entity1 . In an in vivo study with @entity0 , bone changes were assessed using in vivo microCT at 7 time points during a one-month postoperative period. The @entity0 received either a sterile or @entity3 -colonized @entity4 screw in the tibia. Bone-implant contact, bone fraction, and bone changes (quiescent, resorbed, and new bone) were calculated from consecutive scans and validated against histomorphometry. The screw pullout strength was estimated from FE models and the results were validated against mechanical testing. In the sterile group, bone-implant contact, bone fraction, and mechanical fixation increased steadily until day 14 and then plateaued. In the infected group, they decreased rapidly. Bone formation was reduced while resorption was increased, with maximum effects observed within 6 days. In summary, the model presented is capable of evaluating the patterns of bone changes due to implant-related @entity1 . The combined use of longitudinal in vivo microCT imaging and image-based finite element analysis provides characteristic signs of @entity1 within 6 days.

title: In Vivo MicroCT Monitoring of Osteomyelitis in a XXXX Model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Background. @entity4 ( @entity4 ), a @entity0 experimental disease model induced by immunization with type II collagen (CII), is used to evaluate novel therapeutic strategies for @entity2 . Adult stem cell marker @entity5 ( @entity5 ) plays an important role in regulating the maintenance and differentiation of stem/precursor cells. The objectives of this investigation were to perform a morphological study of the experimental @entity4 model, evaluate the effect of @entity3 -blocker (etanercept) treatment, and determine the immunohistochemical expression of @entity5 protein. Methods. @entity4 was induced in 50 male DBA1/J @entity0 for analyses of tissue and serum cytokine; clinical and morphological lesions in limbs; and immunohistochemical expression of @entity5 . Results. Clinically, @entity3 -blocker treatment attenuated @entity4 on day 32 after immunization (P < 0.001). @entity5 protein expression was significantly higher in joints damaged by @entity4 than in those with no lesions (P < 0.0001) and was related to the severity of the lesions (Spearman's rho = 0.775, P = 0.0001). Conclusions. Treatment with etanercept attenuates @entity1 in the @entity0 @entity4 model. Osteoarticular expression of @entity5 protein is increased in joints with @entity4 and absent in nonlesioned joints, suggesting that this protein is expressed when the lesion is produced in order to favor tissue repair.

title: Osteoarticular Expression of XXXX in an Experimental Model of Arthritis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The distribution of T- and M-protein antigens was determined in 12,469 cultures of @entity6 sent to a reference laboratory. Of these 7232 (58%) were isolates from hospital @entity0 , 249 (2%) from hospital staff and 4988 (40%) from the community. The survey extended from January 1980 to June 1987. During this time the numbers of isolates of M-types 6, 49 and 81 rose then fell, being replaced by types 1, 3 and 28. The proportion of isolates of M-types 4 and 12 remained constant. Few strains were received from cases of @entity5 or @entity7 but there has been an increase in the number of strains from serious @entity3 and @entity1 . Forty-four of the 55 (80%) strains received since 1985 from fatal @entity3 have belonged to M-type 1. All other strains, bar two, received from fatal @entity3 in those years belonged to M-type 3. Representatives of M-type 1 were also associated with @entity9 . Types 3 and 4 predominated among the isolates from scarlet fever, types 1, 4, 12 and 49 from @entity5 , types 49 and 81 from @entity2 in meat workers and type 28 in cases of @entity4 . The M-typability rate was 97% but new M antigens await definition among strains causing @entity8 .

title: Changes in the pattern of infection caused by XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Aims. The polymorphisms of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines may be involved in @entity9 ( @entity9 ) pathogenesis and its complications. Methods. We investigated in 102 @entity9 @entity0 the association of the cytokine polymorphisms in the @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity11 , and @entity6 genes with the @entity9 microvascular complications and comorbidities ( @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity3 ). Cytokine genotypes were determined by PCR using Cytokine Genotyping Tray kit. Results. @entity1 was associated with GG genotype and G allele in @entity11 @entity14 polymorphism (p = 0.004 and p = 0.018) and the @entity2 was associated the lower frequency of GG genotype in @entity8 @entity12 polymorphism (p = 0.049). @entity4 was associated with the CC genotype and C allele for @entity8 @entity13 polymorphism (p = 0.013 and p = 0.009) and higher frequencies of T (p = 0.047) and C (p = 0.033) alleles of the @entity11 @entity15 and @entity8 @entity16 polymorphisms, respectively. The @entity11 @entity15 polymorphism was associated with the BMI groups (p = 0.026): the CC genotype was more frequent in the group with BMI < 25   Kg/m(2), while the TC genotype was more frequent in the group with BMI = 30   Kg/m(2). Conclusions. Our findings suggest that @entity11 and @entity8 polymorphisms are involved in complications and comorbidities in @entity9 @entity0 .

title: Association of a Large Panel of Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms with Complications and Comorbidities in Type 2 XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Aims. The polymorphisms of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines may be involved in @entity9 ( @entity9 ) pathogenesis and its complications. Methods. We investigated in 102 @entity9 @entity0 the association of the cytokine polymorphisms in the @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity11 , and @entity6 genes with the @entity9 microvascular complications and comorbidities ( @entity4 , @entity10 , and @entity3 ). Cytokine genotypes were determined by PCR using Cytokine Genotyping Tray kit. Results. @entity1 was associated with GG genotype and G allele in @entity11 @entity14 polymorphism (p = 0.004 and p = 0.018) and the @entity2 was associated the lower frequency of GG genotype in @entity8 @entity12 polymorphism (p = 0.049). @entity4 was associated with the CC genotype and C allele for @entity8 @entity13 polymorphism (p = 0.013 and p = 0.009) and higher frequencies of T (p = 0.047) and C (p = 0.033) alleles of the @entity11 @entity15 and @entity8 @entity16 polymorphisms, respectively. The @entity11 @entity15 polymorphism was associated with the BMI groups (p = 0.026): the CC genotype was more frequent in the group with BMI < 25   Kg/m(2), while the TC genotype was more frequent in the group with BMI = 30   Kg/m(2). Conclusions. Our findings suggest that @entity11 and @entity8 polymorphisms are involved in complications and comorbidities in @entity9 @entity0 .

title: Association of a Large Panel of Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms with Complications and Comorbidities in Type 2 @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The aims of this study were to estimate the incidences of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity0 after @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Furthermore, we aimed to explore the risk factors of the development of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity0 after @entity1 . This population-based, longitudinal analysis was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (consisting of 1,000,000 beneficiaries) from 1996 to 2010. Using the longitudinal National Health Insurance Research Database, we conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study to evaluate the incidence of @entity2 and @entity3 in adult @entity1 @entity0 and controls. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to compare differences in the development of @entity2 and @entity3 . The effects of gender, comorbidity and surgery on the risk of @entity2 and @entity3 development were assessed by subgroup analyses. Over a 15-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of @entity2 in 28,234 @entity1 @entity0 (604.00/100,000 @entity0 -years) was significantly higher than 34,085 controls (322.21/100,000 @entity0 -years) (P<0.0001, by log-rank test). Females showed a significantly higher incidence of @entity2 than males (p for interaction = 0.0010). The time to @entity2 development in the follow-up period was 5.9 years in @entity1 @entity0 compared to 9.9 years in the control set (p <0.0001). @entity1 @entity0 were 2.93 and 2.11 times likely to develop @entity2 and @entity3 , respectively, than the general population. The incidences of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 were also significantly greater than for controls in the CCI = 0 subgroup. To our knowledge, this is the first population-based cohort study to reveal that @entity1 is an independent risk factor for @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 , especially in females. Physician should pay attention to the possibility of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 and be aware that @entity2 vaccination early after @entity1 may lower the incidence of @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Increased Incidence of Herpes Zoster and @entity3 in Adult @entity0 following XXXX : A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aims of this study were to estimate the incidences of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity0 after @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Furthermore, we aimed to explore the risk factors of the development of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity0 after @entity1 . This population-based, longitudinal analysis was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (consisting of 1,000,000 beneficiaries) from 1996 to 2010. Using the longitudinal National Health Insurance Research Database, we conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study to evaluate the incidence of @entity2 and @entity3 in adult @entity1 @entity0 and controls. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to compare differences in the development of @entity2 and @entity3 . The effects of gender, comorbidity and surgery on the risk of @entity2 and @entity3 development were assessed by subgroup analyses. Over a 15-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of @entity2 in 28,234 @entity1 @entity0 (604.00/100,000 @entity0 -years) was significantly higher than 34,085 controls (322.21/100,000 @entity0 -years) (P<0.0001, by log-rank test). Females showed a significantly higher incidence of @entity2 than males (p for interaction = 0.0010). The time to @entity2 development in the follow-up period was 5.9 years in @entity1 @entity0 compared to 9.9 years in the control set (p <0.0001). @entity1 @entity0 were 2.93 and 2.11 times likely to develop @entity2 and @entity3 , respectively, than the general population. The incidences of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 were also significantly greater than for controls in the CCI = 0 subgroup. To our knowledge, this is the first population-based cohort study to reveal that @entity1 is an independent risk factor for @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 , especially in females. Physician should pay attention to the possibility of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 and be aware that @entity2 vaccination early after @entity1 may lower the incidence of @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Increased Incidence of Herpes Zoster and XXXX in Adult @entity0 following @entity1 : A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aims of this study were to estimate the incidences of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity0 after @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Furthermore, we aimed to explore the risk factors of the development of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity0 after @entity1 . This population-based, longitudinal analysis was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (consisting of 1,000,000 beneficiaries) from 1996 to 2010. Using the longitudinal National Health Insurance Research Database, we conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study to evaluate the incidence of @entity2 and @entity3 in adult @entity1 @entity0 and controls. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to compare differences in the development of @entity2 and @entity3 . The effects of gender, comorbidity and surgery on the risk of @entity2 and @entity3 development were assessed by subgroup analyses. Over a 15-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of @entity2 in 28,234 @entity1 @entity0 (604.00/100,000 @entity0 -years) was significantly higher than 34,085 controls (322.21/100,000 @entity0 -years) (P<0.0001, by log-rank test). Females showed a significantly higher incidence of @entity2 than males (p for interaction = 0.0010). The time to @entity2 development in the follow-up period was 5.9 years in @entity1 @entity0 compared to 9.9 years in the control set (p <0.0001). @entity1 @entity0 were 2.93 and 2.11 times likely to develop @entity2 and @entity3 , respectively, than the general population. The incidences of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 were also significantly greater than for controls in the CCI = 0 subgroup. To our knowledge, this is the first population-based cohort study to reveal that @entity1 is an independent risk factor for @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 , especially in females. Physician should pay attention to the possibility of @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 and be aware that @entity2 vaccination early after @entity1 may lower the incidence of @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Increased Incidence of Herpes Zoster and @entity3 in Adult XXXX following @entity1 : A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To investigate whether the putative (pro) @entity5 receptor blocker, the @entity6 ( @entity6 ), exerts effects on top of the blood pressure-lowering and cardioprotective effects of the @entity5 inhibitor aliskiren, spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 were implanted with telemetry transmitters to monitor heart rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP). After a 2-week recovery period, vehicle, aliskiren, @entity6 (100 and 1 mg/kg per day, respectively), and @entity6 +aliskiren were infused for 3 weeks using osmotic minipumps. Subsequently, the heart was removed to study coronary function according to Langendorff. Baseline MAP and heart rate in vehicle-treated @entity0 were 146  3 mm Hg and 326  4 bpm. @entity6 did not affect MAP, whereas aliskiren and @entity6 +aliskiren lowered MAP (by maximally 29  2 and 20  1 mm Hg, respectively) without affecting heart rate. Aliskiren significantly reduced MAP throughout the 3-week infusion period, whereas the blood pressure-lowering effect of @entity6 +aliskiren returned to baseline within 2 weeks of treatment. In comparison with vehicle, @entity7 increased the endothelium-dependent response to @entity4 and decreased the response to @entity3 in the coronary circulation, whereas these responses were not altered after treatment with @entity6 or @entity6 +aliskiren. @entity6 did not alter plasma @entity5 activity, plasma angiotensin levels, or the renal angiotensin content, either alone or on top of aliskiren, nor did it alter the aliskiren-induced decrease in renal Ang II type 1 receptor expression. Yet, it did reverse the aliskiren-induced reduction in cardiomyocyte area, without affecting this area when given alone. In conclusion, @entity6 counteracts the beneficial effects of aliskiren on blood pressure, coronary function, and @entity2 in an angiotensin-independent manner.

title: Handle region peptide counteracts the beneficial effects of the XXXX inhibitor aliskiren in spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: To investigate whether the putative (pro) @entity5 receptor blocker, the @entity6 ( @entity6 ), exerts effects on top of the blood pressure-lowering and cardioprotective effects of the @entity5 inhibitor aliskiren, spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 were implanted with telemetry transmitters to monitor heart rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP). After a 2-week recovery period, vehicle, aliskiren, @entity6 (100 and 1 mg/kg per day, respectively), and @entity6 +aliskiren were infused for 3 weeks using osmotic minipumps. Subsequently, the heart was removed to study coronary function according to Langendorff. Baseline MAP and heart rate in vehicle-treated @entity0 were 146  3 mm Hg and 326  4 bpm. @entity6 did not affect MAP, whereas aliskiren and @entity6 +aliskiren lowered MAP (by maximally 29  2 and 20  1 mm Hg, respectively) without affecting heart rate. Aliskiren significantly reduced MAP throughout the 3-week infusion period, whereas the blood pressure-lowering effect of @entity6 +aliskiren returned to baseline within 2 weeks of treatment. In comparison with vehicle, @entity7 increased the endothelium-dependent response to @entity4 and decreased the response to @entity3 in the coronary circulation, whereas these responses were not altered after treatment with @entity6 or @entity6 +aliskiren. @entity6 did not alter plasma @entity5 activity, plasma angiotensin levels, or the renal angiotensin content, either alone or on top of aliskiren, nor did it alter the aliskiren-induced decrease in renal Ang II type 1 receptor expression. Yet, it did reverse the aliskiren-induced reduction in cardiomyocyte area, without affecting this area when given alone. In conclusion, @entity6 counteracts the beneficial effects of aliskiren on blood pressure, coronary function, and @entity2 in an angiotensin-independent manner.

title: Handle region peptide counteracts the beneficial effects of the @entity5 inhibitor aliskiren in spontaneously XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: To investigate whether the putative (pro) @entity5 receptor blocker, the @entity6 ( @entity6 ), exerts effects on top of the blood pressure-lowering and cardioprotective effects of the @entity5 inhibitor aliskiren, spontaneously @entity1 @entity0 were implanted with telemetry transmitters to monitor heart rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP). After a 2-week recovery period, vehicle, aliskiren, @entity6 (100 and 1 mg/kg per day, respectively), and @entity6 +aliskiren were infused for 3 weeks using osmotic minipumps. Subsequently, the heart was removed to study coronary function according to Langendorff. Baseline MAP and heart rate in vehicle-treated @entity0 were 146  3 mm Hg and 326  4 bpm. @entity6 did not affect MAP, whereas aliskiren and @entity6 +aliskiren lowered MAP (by maximally 29  2 and 20  1 mm Hg, respectively) without affecting heart rate. Aliskiren significantly reduced MAP throughout the 3-week infusion period, whereas the blood pressure-lowering effect of @entity6 +aliskiren returned to baseline within 2 weeks of treatment. In comparison with vehicle, @entity7 increased the endothelium-dependent response to @entity4 and decreased the response to @entity3 in the coronary circulation, whereas these responses were not altered after treatment with @entity6 or @entity6 +aliskiren. @entity6 did not alter plasma @entity5 activity, plasma angiotensin levels, or the renal angiotensin content, either alone or on top of aliskiren, nor did it alter the aliskiren-induced decrease in renal Ang II type 1 receptor expression. Yet, it did reverse the aliskiren-induced reduction in cardiomyocyte area, without affecting this area when given alone. In conclusion, @entity6 counteracts the beneficial effects of aliskiren on blood pressure, coronary function, and @entity2 in an angiotensin-independent manner.

title: Handle region peptide counteracts the beneficial effects of the @entity5 inhibitor aliskiren in spontaneously @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to report early and late outcomes of primary laparoscopic-assisted endorectal colon pull-through leaving a short seromuscular sleeve for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in the newborn. METHODS: Laparoscopic endorectal colon pull-through was performed by using four ports. @entity4 insuffaltion pressure was around 8-10   mm Hg. The ganglionic and aganglionic segments were initially identified by seromuscular biopsies obtained laparoscopically. The rest of the procedure was carried out according to Georgeson's technique. However, we left a short rectal seromuscular sleeve of 1.5-2   cm above the dentate line. RESULTS: From January 2003 to August 2009, 47 @entity0 were operated upon by the same surgeon. Ages ranged from 3 to 30 days. The aganglionic segment was located in the rectum in 31 @entity0 , in the sigmoid colon in 15 @entity0 , and in the left colon in 1 @entity0 . The median operating time was 124 minutes. There were no perioperative @entity2 . There was no conversion to open surgery. There was minimal @entity1 during surgery. Oral intakes of clear fluid were started 12 hours after surgery and advanced to formula on the second day. The mean hospital stay was 5.1 days (range, 4-8). Follow-up, ranging from 4 to 72 months, was obtained in 42 @entity0 . Thirty @entity0 (71.4%) had 1-2 defecations/day, 10 (23.8%) had 3-4 defecations/day, and 1 (2.4%) had more than 4 defecations/day. Constipation occurred in 1 @entity0 (2.4%) and @entity6 in 1 @entity0 (2.4%). No @entity0 had anastomotic @entity3 . Intermittent urinary did not occur in any @entity0 . Erectile function, evaluated by @entity0 's parents, was presented in all 34 males who were followed up. CONCLUSIONS: Primary laparoscopic-assisted endorectal colon pull-through leaving a short rectal seromuscular sleeve is a safe, effective procedure for @entity5 in the newborn.

title: Early and late outcomes of primary laparoscopic endorectal colon pull-through leaving a short rectal seromuscular sleeve for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The retina and rod outer segments (ROS), rich in unsaturated lipids, are highly susceptible to autoxidation via free radical mechanisms. In the @entity1 eye, four enzymes, i.e.; @entity7 ( @entity9 ) peroxidase, @entity4 peroxidases, @entity8 and @entity0 dismutase which are involved in the production or degradation of @entity6 , were measured. All enzymes were present in the retina, ciliary body and iris, but differed in concentration. @entity0 dismutase showed high activity in the ROS. In the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) a peroxidase utilizing @entity9 as cosubstrate and @entity0 dismutase were both present. The former enzyme was found equally distributed between soluble and insoluble forms. A pigment granule fraction from the @entity3 only contained @entity9 -peroxidase. The compartmentalization of @entity5 regulating enzymes in the eye is striking. Whereas the retina seems well protected against @entity0 free radicals and @entity2 by virtue of @entity0 dismutase, peroxidases and @entity8 activities, the ROS are only protected by @entity0 dismutase. Therefore, after phagocytosis of the ROS, any peroxidized lipids, organic @entity6 , or unconverted @entity0 radicals contained within the ROS, must be detoxified by a specific @entity3 peroxidase and @entity0 dismutase. @entity2 or other peroxidized compounds apparently are not degraded by @entity4 peroxidases or @entity8 , since these enzymes were not measurable in our @entity3 preparations. The role of antioxidative enzymes in the eye, which retard @entity5 and free radical information, appears to be specific and regional.

title: The distribution of XXXX regulating enzymes in the @entity1 eye.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The retina and rod outer segments (ROS), rich in unsaturated lipids, are highly susceptible to autoxidation via free radical mechanisms. In the @entity1 eye, four enzymes, i.e.; @entity7 ( @entity9 ) peroxidase, @entity4 peroxidases, @entity8 and @entity0 dismutase which are involved in the production or degradation of @entity6 , were measured. All enzymes were present in the retina, ciliary body and iris, but differed in concentration. @entity0 dismutase showed high activity in the ROS. In the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) a peroxidase utilizing @entity9 as cosubstrate and @entity0 dismutase were both present. The former enzyme was found equally distributed between soluble and insoluble forms. A pigment granule fraction from the @entity3 only contained @entity9 -peroxidase. The compartmentalization of @entity5 regulating enzymes in the eye is striking. Whereas the retina seems well protected against @entity0 free radicals and @entity2 by virtue of @entity0 dismutase, peroxidases and @entity8 activities, the ROS are only protected by @entity0 dismutase. Therefore, after phagocytosis of the ROS, any peroxidized lipids, organic @entity6 , or unconverted @entity0 radicals contained within the ROS, must be detoxified by a specific @entity3 peroxidase and @entity0 dismutase. @entity2 or other peroxidized compounds apparently are not degraded by @entity4 peroxidases or @entity8 , since these enzymes were not measurable in our @entity3 preparations. The role of antioxidative enzymes in the eye, which retard @entity5 and free radical information, appears to be specific and regional.

title: The distribution of @entity5 regulating enzymes in the XXXX eye.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ), or @entity9 , is an @entity1 . The clinical manifestations are @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity11 in internal organs. @entity0 show severe @entity7 , and/or @entity4 , both of which notably interfere with their quality of life. There are two predominant types of @entity9 caused by mutations in @entity12 ( @entity12 ) and @entity14 ( @entity14 ) genes, named @entity12 and @entity14 , respectively. @entity12 and @entity14 code for proteins involved in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1 signaling pathway, and it is widely accepted that @entity9 pathogenicity results from haploinsufficiency. No cure for @entity9 has been found, so identification of drugs able to increase the expression of these genes is essential when proposing new therapies. We report the efficacy of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in increasing @entity12 and @entity14 expression. The rationale comes from a case report of a @entity0 with @entity9 who received a liver transplantation after @entity8 due to a @entity2 . The liver was transplanted, and the immunosuppressor @entity6 was used to prevent the rejection. After the first month of @entity6 treatment, the internal and external @entity13 , epistaxes, and @entity5 disappeared. Here, we find that the immunosuppressor @entity6 increases the protein and mRNA expression of @entity12 and @entity14 in cultured endothelial cells and enhances the @entity10 / @entity14 signaling pathway and endothelial cell functions like tubulogenesis and migration. These results suggest that the mechanism of action of @entity6 involves a partial correction of @entity12 and @entity14 haploinsufficiency and may therefore be an interesting drug for use in @entity0 with @entity9 who undergo transplantation.

title: Immunosuppressor @entity6 increases XXXX and activin receptor-like kinase 1 expression and modulates @entity10 signaling in endothelial cells.

answer: @entity12


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ), or @entity9 , is an @entity1 . The clinical manifestations are @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity11 in internal organs. @entity0 show severe @entity7 , and/or @entity4 , both of which notably interfere with their quality of life. There are two predominant types of @entity9 caused by mutations in @entity12 ( @entity12 ) and @entity14 ( @entity14 ) genes, named @entity12 and @entity14 , respectively. @entity12 and @entity14 code for proteins involved in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1 signaling pathway, and it is widely accepted that @entity9 pathogenicity results from haploinsufficiency. No cure for @entity9 has been found, so identification of drugs able to increase the expression of these genes is essential when proposing new therapies. We report the efficacy of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in increasing @entity12 and @entity14 expression. The rationale comes from a case report of a @entity0 with @entity9 who received a liver transplantation after @entity8 due to a @entity2 . The liver was transplanted, and the immunosuppressor @entity6 was used to prevent the rejection. After the first month of @entity6 treatment, the internal and external @entity13 , epistaxes, and @entity5 disappeared. Here, we find that the immunosuppressor @entity6 increases the protein and mRNA expression of @entity12 and @entity14 in cultured endothelial cells and enhances the @entity10 / @entity14 signaling pathway and endothelial cell functions like tubulogenesis and migration. These results suggest that the mechanism of action of @entity6 involves a partial correction of @entity12 and @entity14 haploinsufficiency and may therefore be an interesting drug for use in @entity0 with @entity9 who undergo transplantation.

title: Immunosuppressor @entity6 increases @entity12 and activin receptor-like kinase 1 expression and modulates XXXX signaling in endothelial cells.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity9 ( @entity9 ), or @entity9 , is an @entity1 . The clinical manifestations are @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity11 in internal organs. @entity0 show severe @entity7 , and/or @entity4 , both of which notably interfere with their quality of life. There are two predominant types of @entity9 caused by mutations in @entity12 ( @entity12 ) and @entity14 ( @entity14 ) genes, named @entity12 and @entity14 , respectively. @entity12 and @entity14 code for proteins involved in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1 signaling pathway, and it is widely accepted that @entity9 pathogenicity results from haploinsufficiency. No cure for @entity9 has been found, so identification of drugs able to increase the expression of these genes is essential when proposing new therapies. We report the efficacy of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in increasing @entity12 and @entity14 expression. The rationale comes from a case report of a @entity0 with @entity9 who received a liver transplantation after @entity8 due to a @entity2 . The liver was transplanted, and the immunosuppressor @entity6 was used to prevent the rejection. After the first month of @entity6 treatment, the internal and external @entity13 , epistaxes, and @entity5 disappeared. Here, we find that the immunosuppressor @entity6 increases the protein and mRNA expression of @entity12 and @entity14 in cultured endothelial cells and enhances the @entity10 / @entity14 signaling pathway and endothelial cell functions like tubulogenesis and migration. These results suggest that the mechanism of action of @entity6 involves a partial correction of @entity12 and @entity14 haploinsufficiency and may therefore be an interesting drug for use in @entity0 with @entity9 who undergo transplantation.

title: Immunosuppressor XXXX increases @entity12 and activin receptor-like kinase 1 expression and modulates @entity10 signaling in endothelial cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine, among older @entity0 , the risk and independent significant baseline prognostic factors for first-ever @entity1 and MI. METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study of 4382 community-dwelling older @entity0 (mean age, 75.4  4.2 years) with no history of @entity1 or MI. Baseline data comprised questionnaire responses, clinical measurements, and comorbidity. RESULTS: After a median of 6 years (interquartile range, 5.2-7.2) of follow-up, the overall rate of @entity1 /MI was 2.61 (95% CI, 2.42-2.81) per 100 @entity0 -years. Among major traditional risk prediction variables, only age and smoking were significantly associated with @entity1 /MI. In our final multivariate model, the independent significant predictors of @entity1 /MI were age (HR for age older than 85, 3.18; 95% CI, 2.05-4.93), diastolic blood pressure <70 mm Hg (Hazard ratio [HR], 1.45; 95% CI, 1.18-1.78), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein >3 mg/L (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.59), @entity2 >15 umol/L (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.09-1.67), waist-to-hip ratio >1 (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.20-1.18), and fair or poor self-reported health (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.19-1.94). A new risk model incorporating these variables performed well compared with the Framingham risk equation (Harrell C of 0.660 versus C of 0.620; integrated discrimination improvement of 1.85%; z=4.95; P<0.001; net reclassification index of 0.08; z=2.0; P=0.023). The model was used to develop an 8- point clinical risk score comprising the independent predictors of @entity1 /MI among this population. CONCLUSIONS: Traditional vascular risk factors did not optimally predict @entity1 /MI among this cohort of community-dwelling older @entity0 . We have constructed a new risk score that requires validation in other data sets.

title: Traditional risk factors for incident cardiovascular events have limited importance in later life compared with the health in XXXX study cardiovascular risk score.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Factors which play a role in the regulation of testicular size in @entity1 were investigated using neonatal animals treated with exogenous gonadotrophins for 2 or 3 weeks, starting on the day after birth. Effects on testis weight and various aspects of the pituitary-testicular axis were evaluated up to the age of 9 weeks. Daily treatment with @entity0 FSH (Metrodin; 0.15 U/g body wt) for 2 or 3 weeks, starting on the first day or 1 week after birth, resulted in enlargement of the testes, increased testicular content of inhibin and a suppression of pituitary and plasma FSH. The relative increase of testis weight decreased after cessation of treatment. Injections of @entity0 FSH combined with administration of @entity0 LH (Pergonal) for 3 weeks, starting on the first day after birth, resulted in larger testes immediately after treatment. In addition, an increased amount of interstitial tissue was observed in these animals. Pituitary and plasma FSH and LH were suppressed after this treatment, while the growth of the accessory sex organs was significantly stimulated. In animals treated with @entity0 FSH during the first 2 or 3 weeks of life, levels of @entity1 FSH in blood samples collected at weekly intervals were significantly suppressed until the animals were killed at the age of 9 weeks. In the animals treated with @entity0 FSH and @entity0 LH, both FSH and @entity2 concentrations were significantly lower than those in control animals between the ages of 4 and 9 weeks. At the age of 9 weeks testicular weights were still higher than those in control animals after these treatments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of treatment of neonatal XXXX with highly purified FSH alone and in combination with LH on testicular function and endogenous hormone levels at various ages.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Livestock animals have been the assumed source of several @entity0 epidemics in recent years, for example, influenza H1N1, rotavirus G8/G9, and MERS-CoV. Surveillance of novel viruses in animals is essential to evaluate the risk to @entity0 and animal health and to determine any economic impact, for example, @entity1 to thrive. There is a paucity of data regarding detection and characterisation of @entity4 viruses, particularly novel viruses, in porcines in Ireland. Recently, a number of small novel porcine DNA viruses have emerged globally, for example, torque teno sus virus, porcine bocavirus, and parvoviruses 2 _ 4, and little is known about the biology and potential pathogenicity of these viruses. Bocaparvovirus is a genetically distinct group of viruses which has been recently detected in @entity0 and animals. METHODS: In this study, the presence of @entity4 viruses ( @entity5 , porcine circovirus, adenovirus, and porcine bocavirus) was investigated in a selection of archived faecal samples from asymptomatic piglets from a commercial farm in Ireland. A total of 104 specimens were pooled and screened using conventional molecular techniques (PCR and RT-PCR), a subset of specimens (n=44) were then examined individually. Viral diversity was then investigated using statistical and phylogenetic techniques. RESULTS: Initial screening showed a high prevalence of PBoV in this farm, with the formation of three distinct groups in phylogenetic analysis. Other viruses were also investigated in this study with the first report of @entity3 , PAdV and lineage I G5 RVA in Ireland. Some specimens contained >1 virus, with statistical analysis indicating a strong correlation for @entity2 of PBoV and PAdV on this farm. CONCLUSION: Investigating the diversity of circulating enteric viruses on Irish porcine farms is important to improve the prophylactic tools available and to facilitate the early detection of changes in circulating viruses.

title: Detection and characterisation of novel bocavirus (genus Bocaparvovirus) and XXXX viruses from asymptomatic pigs in Ireland.

answer: @entity4


abstract: There is no doubt that the main reason for an internal grauloma is a traumatic event. The @entity1 may be physical or chemical as in the case of caries or coronal pulpectomy. In most of the cases it is diagnosed by hazard or, when in case of @entity2 or mobility, extraction is the only therapy to be performed. If diagnosed in time root canal treatment may be adequate.In the presented case no single specific event could be determined being the cause of this large internal @entity3 extending from the coronal third of the root canal to the whole crown just leaving an eggshell of enamel that fractured and mimicked mobility of the whole tooth to the @entity0 finally causing him to attend the clinic. As the @entity0 presented severe aggressive @entity4 and mobility of all teeth it first was assumed that @entity4 was the ethiological reason in this case. Due to secondary @entity1 the front teeth were labially positioned thus probably being exposed to traumatic insults more frequently. Clinically the upper right medial incisor appeared discoloured darkly not showing the typical pink spot. Without any force the coronal part of the right medial incisor could be removed manually and the root was extracted using a periostal extractor. As it was not suitable to leave the @entity0 with a missing tooth in the front the wound was sutured and as a temporary solution the tooth was reconstructed with composite intraorally and fixed to the neighbour teeth adhesively. The histopathology of the internal @entity3 and the crown was investigated.

title: Case report of an internal XXXX investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 1. The hypothesis tested in this study is that @entity6 depletes sarcoplasmic reticulum (s.r.) @entity1 loading in suspensions of single adult @entity0 cardiac myocytes by effecting @entity1 release into the myoplasm resulting in an increase in myoplasmic free [ @entity1 ] ([ @entity1 ]i). The latter was monitored by the fluorescent dye, @entity5 . 2. The competency of the technique to detect s.r. @entity1 release was tested by using @entity4 to induce @entity1 release. The addition of 5-10 mM- @entity4 to myocytes loaded with @entity5 and incubated in a medium containing 1 mM- @entity1 gives a large, transient increase in fluorescence, which is interpreted as indicating an increase in [ @entity1 ]i. If the chelating agent @entity3 is added to the cell suspension 1-5 min prior to the @entity4 , to a concentration sufficient to decrease extracellular @entity1 to 0.1-0.15 microM, then @entity4 again gives a large, transient increase in fluorescence, indicative of the fact that sarcolemmal @entity1 transport is not necessary for this response. The ionophore @entity2 also raises [ @entity1 ]i in a transient manner when added after EGTA. The addition of @entity4 prior to @entity2 largely diminishes the response to the latter; however, addition of @entity2 prior to @entity4 totally abolishes its effect to increase [ @entity1 ]i. This is taken to indicate that the intracellular store which is releasable by @entity4 --and which presumably reflects the s.r.--is also releasable by @entity2 : @entity2 , however, also gives access to another, minor intracellular pool. 3. The plant alkaloid, @entity6 , at concentrations of 10(-8) to 10(-6) M, consistently causes a slow and prolonged increase in [ @entity1 ]i when added to cell suspensions incubated with 1 mM-extracellular @entity1 . Under conditions precluding net entry of @entity1 into the cell, viz. 0.1 microM-extracellular @entity1 , @entity6 causes a more limited, partially reversible, increase in [ @entity1 ]i. 4. When added prior to EGTA, @entity6 attenuates, or prevents, the subsequent response to @entity4 : efficacy depends upon the time of pre-incubation (1-10 min) and the concentration of @entity6 (10(-8) to 10(-6) M). When the response to @entity4 is largely prevented by @entity6 , the response to @entity2 is also severely attenuated, i.e. there is no evidence that @entity6 causes sequestration of @entity1 within an @entity2 -sensitive pool.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: XXXX releases calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum in calcium-tolerant @entity0 cardiac myocytes.

answer: @entity6