abstract: UNASSIGNED: Medical history and clinical course: A 42-year-old @entity0 with @entity11 had been treated for 3 years by a hematologist in private practice. Initially the @entity0 received 1 course of cladribine upon which the disease went into complete remission. 6 weeks ago a relapse was diagnosed and combination therapy with cladibrin and rituximab was initiated. Now the @entity0 presented to the emergency room with @entity1 when breathing. Investigations, treatment and course: In the chest x-ray, patchy infiltrates and @entity6 were found on both sides. The subsequently performed computed tomography showed bilateral compactions with an Halo suspicious for fungal infiltrates. Upon admission to the hospital, an empirical antibiotic therapy with clarithromycin and piperacillin/tazobactam was initiated, which was later escalated to meropenem and linezolid. Additionally, an antifungal therapy with voriconazole was started and later switched to liposomal amphotericin B. At his admission, a positive aspergillus antigen could be detected in the microbiological laboratory. Under antimycotic treatment the aspergillus antigen was repeatedly negative. The @entity0 presented with pronounced @entity9 and after a switch of therapy to vemurafenib and filgrastim, the hematopoiesis could only be stimulated insufficiently. The @entity0 was transferred to the intensive care unit three days after admission with severe @entity10 . He died on day 8 after admission. Autopsy and diagnosis: Diagnosis was consistent with relapse of @entity11 with positive @entity5 mutation and a bone marrow infiltration   >   80%. Autopsy revealed a significant hepato- @entity4 , a lack of erythro-, granulo- and thrombopoiesis. Clots interspersed with fungal hyphae were found in both lungs and an @entity7 of the spleen with evidence of fungal hyphae was detected. The cultural findings post mortem on @entity3 or mold were negative. Conclusion: @entity0 with @entity11 and prolonged @entity8 are at increased risk for @entity2 . Therefore, prohylactic antimycotic therapy should be considered early in this group of @entity0 . The therapeutic approach of vemurafenib in @entity11 is promising and offers an additional treatment option. In the present case, the @entity0 could unfortunately not be stabilized due to the septic complications.

title: [Pulmonary infection in XXXX ].

answer: @entity8


abstract: Systemic @entity1 is accompanied by an increased production of reactive @entity0 species (ROS) and by either @entity4 or @entity6 (or both). To study @entity1 , it is often induced in @entity2 by the intravenous administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Knowing that @entity5 is a potent ROS scavenger, we compared responses to LPS between normobilirubinemic @entity2 (heterozygous, asymptomatic; J/+) and @entity10 @entity2 (homozygous, jaundiced; J/J) to establish whether ROS mediate @entity4 and @entity6 in @entity1 . These two genotypes correspond to undisturbed versus drastically suppressed (by @entity5 ) tissue accumulation of ROS, respectively. A low dose of LPS (10  g/kg) caused a typical triphasic @entity4 in both genotypes, without any intergenotype differences. A high dose of LPS (1,000  g/kg) caused a complex response consisting of early @entity6 followed by late @entity4 . The hypothermic response was markedly exaggerated, whereas the subsequent @entity4 response was strongly attenuated in J/J @entity2 , as compared to J/+ @entity2 . J/J @entity2 also tended to respond to 1,000  g/kg with blunted surges in plasma levels of all hepatic enzymes studied ( @entity7 aminotransferase, @entity9 aminotransferase, @entity8 transferase), thus suggesting an attenuation of @entity3 . We propose that the reported exaggeration of LPS-induced @entity6 in J/J @entity2 occurs via direct inhibition of nonshivering thermogenesis by @entity5 and possibly via a direct vasodilatatory action of @entity5 in the skin. This @entity6 -exaggerating effect might be responsible, at least in part, for the observed tendency of J/J @entity2 to be protected from LPS-induced @entity3 . The attenuation of the @entity4 response to 1,000  g/kg could be due to either direct actions of @entity5 on thermoeffectors or the ROS-scavenging action of @entity5 . However, the experiments with 10  g/kg strongly suggest that ROS signaling is not involved in the @entity4 response to low doses of LPS.

title: Hyperbilirubinemia exaggerates endotoxin-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most prevalent form of @entity7 in the elderly. b-amyloid (Ab) accumulation in the brain is thought to be a primary event leading to eventual @entity2 in @entity4 . Ab has been shown to promote @entity9 , which is consistent with enhanced @entity8 activity in @entity1 models and @entity4 @entity0 . Little, however, is known about whether, and how, increased excitability contributes to downstream pathologies of @entity4 . Here, we show that overexpression of @entity0 Ab42 in a @entity6 model indeed induces increased neuronal activity. We found that the underlying mechanism involves the selective degradation of the A-type K+ channel, @entity12 . An age-dependent loss of @entity12 leads to an increased probability of AP firing. Interestingly, we find that loss of @entity12 alone results in @entity11 , as well as a shortened lifespan. To test whether the Ab42-induced @entity9 contributes to, or exacerbates, downstream pathologies, we transgenically over-expressed @entity12 to near wild-type levels in Ab42-expressing animals. We show that restoration of @entity12 attenuated age-dependent @entity11 , slowed the onset of @entity3 , and partially rescued @entity5 seen in Ab42-expressing animals. We conclude that Ab42-induced @entity10 plays a critical role in the age-dependent cognitive and motor decline of this Ab42- @entity6 model, and possibly in @entity4 .

title: Linking Ab42-Induced Hyperexcitability to Neurodegeneration, XXXX , and a Shorter Lifespan in an Alzheimer's Model.

answer: @entity11


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Persistent complete donor chimerism is an important clinical indicator for remissions of @entity4 after HLA-matched allogeneic @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, the mechanisms mediating the persistence of complete donor chimerism are poorly understood. The frequent coincidence of complete donor chimerism with graft-versus- @entity5 effects and @entity6 suggests that immune responses against minor histocompatibility antigens (mHags) are playing an important role in suppressing the host hematopoiesis after allogeneic @entity1 . Here, we investigated a possible relationship between donor immune responses against the hematopoiesis-restricted mHag HA-1 and the long-term kinetics of host hematopoietic chimerism in a cohort of 10 @entity0 after allogeneic HLA-matched, HA-1 mismatched @entity1 . Functional HA-1 specific CTLs (HA-1 CTLs) were detectable in 6/10 @entity0 lysing host-type hematopoietic cells in vitro. Presence of HA-1 CTLs in the peripheral blood coincided with low host hematopoiesis levels quantified by highly sensitive mHag specific PCR. Additionally, co-incubation of host type @entity7 + cells with HA-1 CTLs isolated after allogeneic @entity1 prevented progenitor and cobblestone area forming cell growth in vitro and @entity0 hematopoietic engraftment in @entity3 @entity2 . Conversely, absence or loss of HA-1 CTLs mostly coincided with high host hematopoiesis levels and/or relapse. In summary, in this first study, presence of HA-1 CTLs paralleled low host hematopoiesis levels. This coincidence might be supported by the capacity of HA-1 CTLs isolated after allogeneic @entity1 to specifically eliminate host type hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Additional studies involving multiple mismatched mHags in more @entity0 are required to confirm this novel characteristic of mHag CTLs as factor for the persistence of complete donor chimerism and @entity5 remission after allogeneic @entity1 .

title: Possible Role of Minor H Antigens in the Persistence of Donor Chimerism after Stem Cell Transplantation; Relevance for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the efficacy of an 8-week direct blood pressure (BP) biofeedback training program for @entity2 or stage I @entity1 @entity0 with a particular focus on the impact of the authenticity of feedback signals on the efficacy of BP regulation. DESIGNS: This study has a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design. @entity0 AND METHODS: Fifty-nine individuals with ages from 18 to 64 years and who met the criteria for the diagnosis of prehypertenion or stage 1 @entity1 participated in this study. The @entity0 were referrals from physicians or community-dwelling volunteers. No @entity0 had taken antihypertensive medication within the previous 2 months prior to enrollment. The @entity0 were randomly assigned to the biofeedback group (n = 31) trained with real-time BP feedback signals or the control group (n = 28) trained with pseudofeedback signals. The primary outcome measures were @entity3 (DBP). Systolic BP and DBP were assessed at baseline, 1 week after training (week 9), and 8 weeks after training (week 16) in both groups. Only 54 @entity0 had week 16 data. RESULTS: The changes in @entity3 and DBP from baseline to week 9, from baseline to week 16, and from week 9 to week 16 were not significantly different between the groups (All P > 0.05). Both groups were able to significantly decrease BP after completing the training. A percentage of 45.2% of the @entity0 in the biofeedback group and 63.0% of the @entity0 in the control group lowered their @entity3 by 5 mm Hg or more at week 9. The @entity3 -lowering effects were also maintained for at least 8 weeks after the completion of training. CONCLUSIONS: The equivalent magnitude of BP reduction between the 2 study groups suggests that repeated practice in BP self-regulation was more likely responsible for the efficacy of direct BP biofeedback training than was the type of feedback signals.

title: Effect of Feedback Signal on Blood Pressure Self-regulation Capability in Individuals With XXXX or Stage I @entity1 : A Randomized Controlled Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the efficacy of an 8-week direct blood pressure (BP) biofeedback training program for @entity2 or stage I @entity1 @entity0 with a particular focus on the impact of the authenticity of feedback signals on the efficacy of BP regulation. DESIGNS: This study has a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design. @entity0 AND METHODS: Fifty-nine individuals with ages from 18 to 64 years and who met the criteria for the diagnosis of prehypertenion or stage 1 @entity1 participated in this study. The @entity0 were referrals from physicians or community-dwelling volunteers. No @entity0 had taken antihypertensive medication within the previous 2 months prior to enrollment. The @entity0 were randomly assigned to the biofeedback group (n = 31) trained with real-time BP feedback signals or the control group (n = 28) trained with pseudofeedback signals. The primary outcome measures were @entity3 (DBP). Systolic BP and DBP were assessed at baseline, 1 week after training (week 9), and 8 weeks after training (week 16) in both groups. Only 54 @entity0 had week 16 data. RESULTS: The changes in @entity3 and DBP from baseline to week 9, from baseline to week 16, and from week 9 to week 16 were not significantly different between the groups (All P > 0.05). Both groups were able to significantly decrease BP after completing the training. A percentage of 45.2% of the @entity0 in the biofeedback group and 63.0% of the @entity0 in the control group lowered their @entity3 by 5 mm Hg or more at week 9. The @entity3 -lowering effects were also maintained for at least 8 weeks after the completion of training. CONCLUSIONS: The equivalent magnitude of BP reduction between the 2 study groups suggests that repeated practice in BP self-regulation was more likely responsible for the efficacy of direct BP biofeedback training than was the type of feedback signals.

title: Effect of Feedback Signal on Blood Pressure Self-regulation Capability in Individuals With @entity2 or Stage I XXXX : A Randomized Controlled Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Peritoneal fluid (PF) lines the abdomen and pelvis and is believed to contain growth factors that stimulate @entity1 , a benign gynecological condition associated with pelvic @entity2 and @entity3 , in which endometrial cells proliferate and differentiate on the pelvic peritoneum, outside of their normal location within the uterus. In this study, we examined the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in seven paired samples of PF and serum from normally cycling @entity0 and examined the mitogenic potential of this fluid on cultured endometrial stromal cells. @entity4 , @entity7 , and @entity8 ( @entity8 ), -2, -3, and -4 were identified in PF by immunoassays. PF IGF levels, determined by RIA, were approximately 60% of paired serum levels, and PF levels of @entity9 and @entity6 , determined by Western ligand blotting and RIA, respectively, were approximately half of their serum concentrations. @entity10 was barely detectable by Western ligand blotting in PF, and levels of @entity8 , determined by immunoassay, were not appreciably different in PF and serum. Incubation of [125I] @entity7 with serum and PF and subsequent size-exclusion chromatography at neutral pH revealed approximately equal incorporation of radiolabel in the IGFBP regions of 150 and 44 kilodaltons (kDa) in serum and primarily in the 44-kDa region in PF. RIA of @entity6 in the IGFBP regions of column effluent revealed that the majority of @entity6 was in the 150-kDa region in both serum and PF, suggesting the presence of the ternary complex in PF. Western ligand blotting of column effluent samples revealed 37-/43-kDa @entity6 primarily in the 150-kDa complex in serum and a marked reduction in the amount of the 37-/43-kDa IGFBP in PF. Western immunoblotting of column effluent with @entity6 antiserum revealed immunoreactive @entity6 forms of 37-43 kDa (major) and 28 kDa (minor) in serum and almost exclusively the 28-kDa band in PF, suggesting that @entity6 in PF may be proteolytically processed. The presence of an @entity6 protease was confirmed using [125I] @entity6 as substrate and was not appreciably present in paired serum samples. Inhibitor profiles demonstrated that this protease is a metal-independent @entity5 protease, and its approximate relative molecular mass was estimated to be 69 kDa, determined by size-exclusion chromatography. The mitogenic potential of IGF peptides and PF was assessed on cultured endometrial stromal cells to test the hypothesis that IGFs in PF may stimulate the growth of endometrium in the pelvic cavity, for example in the disorder of @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The insulin-like growth factor system in @entity0 peritoneal fluid: its effects on endometrial stromal cells and its potential relevance to XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Peritoneal fluid (PF) lines the abdomen and pelvis and is believed to contain growth factors that stimulate @entity1 , a benign gynecological condition associated with pelvic @entity2 and @entity3 , in which endometrial cells proliferate and differentiate on the pelvic peritoneum, outside of their normal location within the uterus. In this study, we examined the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in seven paired samples of PF and serum from normally cycling @entity0 and examined the mitogenic potential of this fluid on cultured endometrial stromal cells. @entity4 , @entity7 , and @entity8 ( @entity8 ), -2, -3, and -4 were identified in PF by immunoassays. PF IGF levels, determined by RIA, were approximately 60% of paired serum levels, and PF levels of @entity9 and @entity6 , determined by Western ligand blotting and RIA, respectively, were approximately half of their serum concentrations. @entity10 was barely detectable by Western ligand blotting in PF, and levels of @entity8 , determined by immunoassay, were not appreciably different in PF and serum. Incubation of [125I] @entity7 with serum and PF and subsequent size-exclusion chromatography at neutral pH revealed approximately equal incorporation of radiolabel in the IGFBP regions of 150 and 44 kilodaltons (kDa) in serum and primarily in the 44-kDa region in PF. RIA of @entity6 in the IGFBP regions of column effluent revealed that the majority of @entity6 was in the 150-kDa region in both serum and PF, suggesting the presence of the ternary complex in PF. Western ligand blotting of column effluent samples revealed 37-/43-kDa @entity6 primarily in the 150-kDa complex in serum and a marked reduction in the amount of the 37-/43-kDa IGFBP in PF. Western immunoblotting of column effluent with @entity6 antiserum revealed immunoreactive @entity6 forms of 37-43 kDa (major) and 28 kDa (minor) in serum and almost exclusively the 28-kDa band in PF, suggesting that @entity6 in PF may be proteolytically processed. The presence of an @entity6 protease was confirmed using [125I] @entity6 as substrate and was not appreciably present in paired serum samples. Inhibitor profiles demonstrated that this protease is a metal-independent @entity5 protease, and its approximate relative molecular mass was estimated to be 69 kDa, determined by size-exclusion chromatography. The mitogenic potential of IGF peptides and PF was assessed on cultured endometrial stromal cells to test the hypothesis that IGFs in PF may stimulate the growth of endometrium in the pelvic cavity, for example in the disorder of @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The insulin-like growth factor system in XXXX peritoneal fluid: its effects on endometrial stromal cells and its potential relevance to @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We combined transganglionic tracing methods with postembedding electron microscopic immunocytochemistry to determine whether identified primary afferent fibers terminating in spinal laminae I-IV may use @entity4 and @entity1 as neurotransmitters. Sciatic injections of @entity5 -germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish @entity6 labeled fine afferent fibers with terminals in laminae I-II of the lumbar spinal cord, whereas injections of the B subunit of cholera toxin conjugated to horseradish @entity6 labeled primary afferent terminals in deeper laminae. Many labeled primary afferent terminals in superficial laminae were involved in glomerular synaptic arrangements; others established nonglomerular contacts. Most glomerular arrangements were clearly immunopositive for @entity4 , compared with dendrites, astrocytes, or terminals immunopositive for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The degree of enrichment varied in labeled terminals of different morphological types. @entity1 was enriched, though to a lesser degree than @entity4 , in labeled central terminals of glomeruli in superficial laminae. Labeled primary afferent terminals in laminae III-IV were immunopositive for @entity4 , though at lower levels than glomerular terminals in superficial laminae. @entity1 was not enriched in these terminals compared with dendrites, glia, and @entity3 -positive terminals. These results support a neurotransmitter role for @entity4 in primary afferents to the dorsal horn. Quantitative differences in the content of @entity4 in identified primary afferent terminals may be related to functional differences. Enrichment of @entity1 in terminals in superficial but not deep laminae is compatible with a role for this @entity2 in sustained, @entity0 -mediated phenomena characteristic of activity in fine caliber afferents.

title: XXXX immunocytochemistry of primary afferent terminals in the rat dorsal horn.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) plays a critical role in many physiological processes. @entity2 transport systems in Salmonella have been well documented, but those in @entity0 have not been fully elucidated. We examined the effects of corA, mgtA, yhiD and corC gene deletion on @entity2 transport in @entity0 . We obtained every combination of double, triple and quadruple mutants. The corA and mgtA double mutant required addition of 10mMMg(2+) to Luria-Bertani (LB) medium for growth, and the corA, mgtA and yhiD triple mutant TM2 required a higher @entity2 concentration. The @entity2 requirement of the quadruple mutant was similar to that of TM2. The results demonstrated that either CorA or MgtA is necessary for normal @entity0 growth in LB medium and that YhiD plays a role in @entity2 transport under high @entity2 growth conditions in @entity0 . The @entity1 @entity2 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , were heterologously expressed in TM2 cells. TM2 cells expressing @entity6 and @entity7 could grow in LB medium that had been supplemented with 1mMMg(2+) and without @entity2 supplementation, respectively, and cell growth was inhibited by 2mM @entity5 . The results indicated that the growth of TM2 expressing @entity6 and @entity7 reflected these AtMRS2 function for @entity2 and @entity4 . The @entity0 TM2 cells are useful for functional analysis of @entity1 MRS2 proteins.

title: @entity3 uptake of @entity1 transporters, XXXX and @entity7 , expressed in @entity0 mutants: Complementation and growth inhibition by @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) plays a critical role in many physiological processes. @entity2 transport systems in Salmonella have been well documented, but those in @entity0 have not been fully elucidated. We examined the effects of corA, mgtA, yhiD and corC gene deletion on @entity2 transport in @entity0 . We obtained every combination of double, triple and quadruple mutants. The corA and mgtA double mutant required addition of 10mMMg(2+) to Luria-Bertani (LB) medium for growth, and the corA, mgtA and yhiD triple mutant TM2 required a higher @entity2 concentration. The @entity2 requirement of the quadruple mutant was similar to that of TM2. The results demonstrated that either CorA or MgtA is necessary for normal @entity0 growth in LB medium and that YhiD plays a role in @entity2 transport under high @entity2 growth conditions in @entity0 . The @entity1 @entity2 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , were heterologously expressed in TM2 cells. TM2 cells expressing @entity6 and @entity7 could grow in LB medium that had been supplemented with 1mMMg(2+) and without @entity2 supplementation, respectively, and cell growth was inhibited by 2mM @entity5 . The results indicated that the growth of TM2 expressing @entity6 and @entity7 reflected these AtMRS2 function for @entity2 and @entity4 . The @entity0 TM2 cells are useful for functional analysis of @entity1 MRS2 proteins.

title: @entity3 uptake of @entity1 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , expressed in @entity0 mutants: Complementation and growth inhibition by XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) plays a critical role in many physiological processes. @entity2 transport systems in Salmonella have been well documented, but those in @entity0 have not been fully elucidated. We examined the effects of corA, mgtA, yhiD and corC gene deletion on @entity2 transport in @entity0 . We obtained every combination of double, triple and quadruple mutants. The corA and mgtA double mutant required addition of 10mMMg(2+) to Luria-Bertani (LB) medium for growth, and the corA, mgtA and yhiD triple mutant TM2 required a higher @entity2 concentration. The @entity2 requirement of the quadruple mutant was similar to that of TM2. The results demonstrated that either CorA or MgtA is necessary for normal @entity0 growth in LB medium and that YhiD plays a role in @entity2 transport under high @entity2 growth conditions in @entity0 . The @entity1 @entity2 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , were heterologously expressed in TM2 cells. TM2 cells expressing @entity6 and @entity7 could grow in LB medium that had been supplemented with 1mMMg(2+) and without @entity2 supplementation, respectively, and cell growth was inhibited by 2mM @entity5 . The results indicated that the growth of TM2 expressing @entity6 and @entity7 reflected these AtMRS2 function for @entity2 and @entity4 . The @entity0 TM2 cells are useful for functional analysis of @entity1 MRS2 proteins.

title: @entity3 uptake of XXXX transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , expressed in @entity0 mutants: Complementation and growth inhibition by @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) plays a critical role in many physiological processes. @entity2 transport systems in Salmonella have been well documented, but those in @entity0 have not been fully elucidated. We examined the effects of corA, mgtA, yhiD and corC gene deletion on @entity2 transport in @entity0 . We obtained every combination of double, triple and quadruple mutants. The corA and mgtA double mutant required addition of 10mMMg(2+) to Luria-Bertani (LB) medium for growth, and the corA, mgtA and yhiD triple mutant TM2 required a higher @entity2 concentration. The @entity2 requirement of the quadruple mutant was similar to that of TM2. The results demonstrated that either CorA or MgtA is necessary for normal @entity0 growth in LB medium and that YhiD plays a role in @entity2 transport under high @entity2 growth conditions in @entity0 . The @entity1 @entity2 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , were heterologously expressed in TM2 cells. TM2 cells expressing @entity6 and @entity7 could grow in LB medium that had been supplemented with 1mMMg(2+) and without @entity2 supplementation, respectively, and cell growth was inhibited by 2mM @entity5 . The results indicated that the growth of TM2 expressing @entity6 and @entity7 reflected these AtMRS2 function for @entity2 and @entity4 . The @entity0 TM2 cells are useful for functional analysis of @entity1 MRS2 proteins.

title: @entity3 uptake of @entity1 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , expressed in XXXX mutants: Complementation and growth inhibition by @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) plays a critical role in many physiological processes. @entity2 transport systems in Salmonella have been well documented, but those in @entity0 have not been fully elucidated. We examined the effects of corA, mgtA, yhiD and corC gene deletion on @entity2 transport in @entity0 . We obtained every combination of double, triple and quadruple mutants. The corA and mgtA double mutant required addition of 10mMMg(2+) to Luria-Bertani (LB) medium for growth, and the corA, mgtA and yhiD triple mutant TM2 required a higher @entity2 concentration. The @entity2 requirement of the quadruple mutant was similar to that of TM2. The results demonstrated that either CorA or MgtA is necessary for normal @entity0 growth in LB medium and that YhiD plays a role in @entity2 transport under high @entity2 growth conditions in @entity0 . The @entity1 @entity2 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , were heterologously expressed in TM2 cells. TM2 cells expressing @entity6 and @entity7 could grow in LB medium that had been supplemented with 1mMMg(2+) and without @entity2 supplementation, respectively, and cell growth was inhibited by 2mM @entity5 . The results indicated that the growth of TM2 expressing @entity6 and @entity7 reflected these AtMRS2 function for @entity2 and @entity4 . The @entity0 TM2 cells are useful for functional analysis of @entity1 MRS2 proteins.

title: @entity3 uptake of @entity1 transporters, @entity6 and XXXX , expressed in @entity0 mutants: Complementation and growth inhibition by @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) plays a critical role in many physiological processes. @entity2 transport systems in Salmonella have been well documented, but those in @entity0 have not been fully elucidated. We examined the effects of corA, mgtA, yhiD and corC gene deletion on @entity2 transport in @entity0 . We obtained every combination of double, triple and quadruple mutants. The corA and mgtA double mutant required addition of 10mMMg(2+) to Luria-Bertani (LB) medium for growth, and the corA, mgtA and yhiD triple mutant TM2 required a higher @entity2 concentration. The @entity2 requirement of the quadruple mutant was similar to that of TM2. The results demonstrated that either CorA or MgtA is necessary for normal @entity0 growth in LB medium and that YhiD plays a role in @entity2 transport under high @entity2 growth conditions in @entity0 . The @entity1 @entity2 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , were heterologously expressed in TM2 cells. TM2 cells expressing @entity6 and @entity7 could grow in LB medium that had been supplemented with 1mMMg(2+) and without @entity2 supplementation, respectively, and cell growth was inhibited by 2mM @entity5 . The results indicated that the growth of TM2 expressing @entity6 and @entity7 reflected these AtMRS2 function for @entity2 and @entity4 . The @entity0 TM2 cells are useful for functional analysis of @entity1 MRS2 proteins.

title: XXXX uptake of @entity1 transporters, @entity6 and @entity7 , expressed in @entity0 mutants: Complementation and growth inhibition by @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: 1. We have used a pulsatile cascade bioassay system to investigate the effects of dietary-induced hypercholesterolaemia on EDRF release evoked by @entity3 and by the oscillatory and time-averaged components of flow, in isolated segments of @entity0 abdominal aorta. 2. Flow pulsatility (frequency range 0.1-10 Hz) was studied with constant flow (9 ml min-1) at a pulse pressure amplitude of 2 mmHg. Frequency-related EDRF release, maximal at 6 Hz, was slightly attenuated after 4 weeks and abolished after 8 weeks of @entity1 feeding. 3. Time-averaged shear stress was manipulated with dextran (1-4% w/v, 80000 mol. wt.), to increase perfusate viscosity. EDRF release induced by increased perfusate viscosity was unaffected after 4 weeks but abolished after 8 weeks of @entity1 feeding. 4. Endothelium-dependent relaxations to @entity3 (0.1-10 microM) were not influenced after 4 weeks and only partially attenuated (by 60% of the maximal response, EC50 unchanged at 6.45 +/- 0.04 vs. 6.4 +/- 0.1 microM) after 8 weeks of @entity1 feeding. 5. Blood @entity1 levels were significantly (P < 0.001) increased after 4 weeks (26 +/- 3.6 vs 2.6 +/- 0.6 mmol l-1) and 8 weeks (56.2 +/- 3.8 vs 1.3 +/- 0.1 mmol l-1) of @entity1 feeding but after 8 weeks plasma @entity2 levels were not significantly different from the age-matched controls (0.2 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.19 +/- 0.04 mmol l-1). 6. We conclude that hypercholesterolaemia impairs flow-related (pulsatile- and time-averaged shear-induced) EDRF release earlier than @entity3 -induced relaxation in @entity0 aorta. This is consistent with the view that different transduction mechanisms mediate EDRF release in response to agonists and flow.

title: Abolition of flow-dependent EDRF release before that evoked by agonists in hypercholesterolaemic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The different cytoarchitectonic regions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have recently been shown to play divergent roles in associative learning in @entity0 . To determine if these subareas of the mPFC, including areas 24 (anterior cingulate cortex), 25 (infralimbic cortex), and 32 (prelimbic cortex) have differential efferent connections with other cortical and subcortical areas in the @entity0 , anterograde and retrograde tracing experiments were performed using the @entity3 leukoagglutinin (PHA-L), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) techniques. All three areas showed local dorsal-ventral projections into each of the other areas, and a contralateral projection to the homologous area on the other side of the brain. All three also revealed a trajectory through the striatum, resulting in heavy innervation of the caudate nucleus, the claustrum, and a lighter projection to the agranular insular cortex. The thalamic projections of areas 24 and 32 were similar, but not identical, with projections to the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and all of the midline nuclei. However, the primary thalamic projections from area 25 were to the intralaminar and midline nuclei. All three areas also projected to the ventromedial and to a lesser extent to the ventral posterior thalamic nuclei. Projections were also observed in the @entity1 , in an area just lateral to the descending limb of the fornix. Amygdala projections from areas 32 and 24 were primarily to the lateral, basolateral and basomedial nuclei, but area 25 also projected to the central nucleus. All three areas also showed projections to the midbrain periaqueductal central gray, median raphe nucleus, ventral tegmental area, substantia nigra, locus coeruleus and pontine nuclei. However, only areas 24 and the more dorsal portions of area 32 projected to the superior colliculus. Area 25 and the ventral portions of area 32 also showed a bilateral projection to the parabrachial nuclei and dorsal and ventral medulla. The dorsal portions of area 32, and all of area 24 were, however, devoid of these projections. It is suggested that these differential projections are responsible for the diverse roles that the cytoarchitectonic subfields of the mPFC have been demonstrated to play in associative learning.

title: Efferent connections of the medial prefrontal cortex in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) syndrome is an @entity2 also known as MIDAS ( @entity6 , dermal @entity5 , and @entity12 ). Additional clinical features include neurological and @entity1 . @entity10 is genetically heterogeneous given that heterozygous mutations in @entity7 or @entity8 have been identified in @entity10 -affected females. Both genes encode proteins involved in the structure and function of complexes III and IV, which form the terminal segment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC). However, not all individuals with @entity10 carry a mutation in either @entity7 or @entity8 . The majority of @entity10 -affected females have severe skewing of X chromosome inactivation, suggesting that mutations in @entity7 , @entity8 , and other as-yet-unidentified X-linked gene(s) cause selective loss of cells in which the mutated X chromosome is active. By applying whole-exome sequencing and filtering for X-chromosomal variants, we identified a de novo nonsense mutation in @entity11 (Xp11.23) in one female individual and a heterozygous 1-bp deletion in a second individual, her asymptomatic mother, and an affected aborted fetus of the subject's mother. @entity11 encodes one of 30 poorly characterized supernumerary subunits of @entity3 : @entity9 oxidoreductase, known as complex I (cI), the first and largest enzyme of the MRC. By shRNA-mediated @entity11 knockdown in HeLa cells, we demonstrate that @entity11 is essential for cI assembly and activity as well as cell growth and survival. These results demonstrate that @entity0 leading to the complete inactivation of complex I, III, or IV underlie @entity10 . Our data reveal an unexpected role of cI dysfunction in a developmental phenotype, further underscoring the existence of a group of @entity4 associated with neurocutaneous manifestations.

title: Mutations in XXXX , Encoding a Complex I Component of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain, Cause @entity6 with Linear Skin Defects Syndrome.

answer: @entity11


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) syndrome is an @entity2 also known as MIDAS ( @entity6 , dermal @entity5 , and @entity12 ). Additional clinical features include neurological and @entity1 . @entity10 is genetically heterogeneous given that heterozygous mutations in @entity7 or @entity8 have been identified in @entity10 -affected females. Both genes encode proteins involved in the structure and function of complexes III and IV, which form the terminal segment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC). However, not all individuals with @entity10 carry a mutation in either @entity7 or @entity8 . The majority of @entity10 -affected females have severe skewing of X chromosome inactivation, suggesting that mutations in @entity7 , @entity8 , and other as-yet-unidentified X-linked gene(s) cause selective loss of cells in which the mutated X chromosome is active. By applying whole-exome sequencing and filtering for X-chromosomal variants, we identified a de novo nonsense mutation in @entity11 (Xp11.23) in one female individual and a heterozygous 1-bp deletion in a second individual, her asymptomatic mother, and an affected aborted fetus of the subject's mother. @entity11 encodes one of 30 poorly characterized supernumerary subunits of @entity3 : @entity9 oxidoreductase, known as complex I (cI), the first and largest enzyme of the MRC. By shRNA-mediated @entity11 knockdown in HeLa cells, we demonstrate that @entity11 is essential for cI assembly and activity as well as cell growth and survival. These results demonstrate that @entity0 leading to the complete inactivation of complex I, III, or IV underlie @entity10 . Our data reveal an unexpected role of cI dysfunction in a developmental phenotype, further underscoring the existence of a group of @entity4 associated with neurocutaneous manifestations.

title: Mutations in @entity11 , Encoding a Complex I Component of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain, Cause XXXX with Linear Skin Defects Syndrome.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the difference in Blood Pressure (BP) readings taken before, during and after the clinic encounter. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Cardiology Clinic, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January to August 2013. METHODOLOGY: @entity1 and normotensive @entity0 aged    18 years were recruited. Pre-clinic BP was measured by a nurse and in-clinic BP by a physician. After 15 minutes, two post-clinic BP readings were taken at 1 minute interval. All readings were taken using Omron HEM7221-E. RESULTS: Out of 180 @entity0 , males were 57% and 130 (71%) were @entity1 . Mean SBP (Systolic BP) taken preclinic, in-clinic, post-clinic 1 and post-clinic 2 were: 126    20 mmHg, 131    23 mmHg, 126    20 mmHg and 121    21 mmHg respectively (p < 0.001). Mean @entity2 ( @entity2 ) taken pre-clinic, in-clinic, post-clinic 1 and post-clinic 2 were 77    12 mmHg, 81    13 mmHg, 79    12 mmHg and 79    11 mmHg respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: BP taken in the post-clinic setting may significantly be the lowest reading in a clinic encounter, making in-clinic BP unreliable to diagnose or manage @entity1 .

title: Are BP Readings Taken After a XXXX -Physician Encounter in a Real-World Clinic Scenario the Lowest of All the Readings in a Clinic Visit.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Small @entity1 and inflammatory lesions have similar endoscopic findings and are difficult to differentiate. Narrow-band imaging (NBI) can visualize microvessels and mucosal microstructure clearly and is widely used to diagnose early gastric and @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of NBI for differentiating @entity1 from benign diseases. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary-care hospital. @entity0 : All 45 @entity0 who had suspicious @entity2 (enlarged or protruded morphology) during duodenoscopy and underwent NBI between March 2010 and January  2011. INTERVENTIONS: NBI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: NBI images were assessed for irregular villous arrangement, irregular villous size, ridge disappearance, demarcation with normal villi, and abnormal microvasculature. Histology of NBI-guided lesion biopsy specimens provided the final diagnoses. Agreement between NBI images and histologic findings was analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 60 @entity2 , 11, 26, and 23 were @entity3 , @entity4 , and benign inflammatory diseases, respectively. Irregular villous arrangement, irregular villous size, ridge disappearance, demarcation with normal villi, and abnormal microvasculature were observed in 45%, 63%, 50%, 48%, and 58% of the lesions, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that irregular villous arrangement (odds ratio [OR] 15.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.38-64.12; P  < .001) and abnormal microvasculature (OR 86.63; 95% CI, 14.56-515.41; P  < .001) were significant independent factors for identifying ampullary @entity4 and @entity3 . All @entity1 had at least one abnormal NBI feature. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective design. CONCLUSION: The NBI findings of irregular villous arrangement and/or abnormal microvasculature were useful for differentially diagnosing @entity1 . NBI may complement the accurate diagnosis of @entity2 by white-light imaging.

title: Usefulness of white-light imaging-guided narrow-band imaging for the differential diagnosis of small XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Beta cell death is a hallmark of @entity1 . It is not known whether specific cellular stresses associated with type 1 or type 2 @entity1 require specific factors to protect pancreatic beta cells. No systematic comparison of endogenous soluble factors in the context of multiple pro-apoptotic conditions has been published. METHODS: Primary @entity2 islet cells were cultured in conditions mimicking five type 1 or type 2 @entity1 -related stresses: basal 5  mmol/l @entity4 , cytokine cocktail (25  ng/ml @entity6 , 10  ng/ml @entity5 , 10  ng/ml IFN-y), 1   mol/l @entity7 , 1.5  mmol/l palmitate and 20  mmol/l @entity4 (all in the absence of serum). We surveyed the effects of a library of 206 endogenous factors (selected based on islet expression of their receptors) on islet cell survival through multi-parameter, live-cell imaging. RESULTS: Our survey pointed to survival factors exhibiting generalised protective effects across conditions meant to model different types of @entity1 and stages of the diseases. For example, our survey and follow-up experiments suggested that @entity8 is a novel protective factor for @entity2 and @entity0 beta cells across multiple conditions. Most strikingly, we also found specific protective survival factors for each model @entity3 . For example, @entity9 ( @entity9 ) was toxic to islet cells in the serum-free baseline and serum-free 20  mmol/l @entity4 conditions, but protective in the context of lipotoxicity. Rank product testing supported the consistency of our observations. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Collectively, our survey reveals previously unidentified islet cell survival factors and suggest their potential utility in individualised medicine.

title: A live-cell, high-content imaging survey of 206 endogenous factors across five stress conditions reveals context-dependent survival effects in XXXX primary beta cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is a rare @entity1 that accounts for 2% of all hepatic primary @entity1 . The diagnosis is difficult, especially if the @entity0 does not have history of exposure to carcinogens, which are considered as risk factors. The diagnosis is made by histopathology, but in a considerable percentage it can only be accomplished by autopsy. The performing of fine needle aspiration biopsy can lead to @entity4 , with limitations in its use. CLINICAL CASE: A 41 year-old male, with no history of exposure to carcinogens, who developed @entity3 secondary to a haemoperitoneum due to @entity1 rupture, was diagnosed by imaging methods with a giant cavernous @entity2 . He was initially treated with embolisation, and later with a liver transplant. After six months he developed haemoptysis secondary to lung metastasis. The autopsy reported metastatic @entity2 . DISCUSSION: This condition has been related to carcinogen exposure, with malignant transformation from a benign vascular @entity1 being proposed as a hypothesis. The differential diagnosis can be achieved with imaging studies such as CT scan, and the definitive diagnosis is made by histopathology with immunohistochemistry tests, with 35%-100% being made in the autopsy. CONCLUSION: @entity2 is a @entity1 , the potential curative option is surgery with @entity1 free margins. Liver transplantation remains controversial because of its poor prognosis in the short term.

title: [ XXXX and liver transplantation: case report and literature review].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The spleen is important for @entity3 induced by @entity4 . However, the role of the spleen in @entity2 induced by pressure overload is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether splenectomy ( @entity6 ) attenuates or exacerbates pressure overload-induced @entity2 and vulnerability to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in @entity1 . METHODS: Male @entity1 (6 weeks old) were divided into Sham+Sham, Sham+ @entity6 , abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)+Sham, and AAC+ @entity6 groups, and were evaluated for @entity0 , @entity2 , and @entity5 on days 2, 4, 14, and 28. RESULTS: On day 4, an AAC-induced rise in @entity7 ( @entity7 ) level was observed in the spleen, serum, and left atrium (LA), with @entity6 showing inhibitory effects in the latter 2 instances. In addition, AAC-induced M2 macrophage recruitment into the LA was decreased by @entity6 , as determined by immunofluorescence labeling (P <.05). On day 28, AAC-induced heterogeneous @entity2 of the LA was enhanced by @entity6 (P <.05). Electrophysiologic recordings revealed that the duration of @entity5 and prolongation of interatrial conduction time induced by AAC were increased by @entity6 (P < .01 and P <.05, respectively). Furthermore, in the AAC+ @entity6 group, the number of macrophages infiltrating into the LA on day 2 was marginal, but increased on day 28 relative to the AAC+Sham group. @entity7 administration attenuated the AAC-induced atrial remodeling that was aggravated by @entity6 . CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that @entity6 exacerbates AAC-induced @entity2 and increases vulnerability to @entity5 after 4 weeks, likely because of depletion of spleen-derived @entity7 .

title: Splenectomy exacerbates XXXX and vulnerability to @entity5 induced by pressure overload in @entity1 : Possible role of spleen-derived @entity7 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The spleen is important for @entity3 induced by @entity4 . However, the role of the spleen in @entity2 induced by pressure overload is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether splenectomy ( @entity6 ) attenuates or exacerbates pressure overload-induced @entity2 and vulnerability to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in @entity1 . METHODS: Male @entity1 (6 weeks old) were divided into Sham+Sham, Sham+ @entity6 , abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)+Sham, and AAC+ @entity6 groups, and were evaluated for @entity0 , @entity2 , and @entity5 on days 2, 4, 14, and 28. RESULTS: On day 4, an AAC-induced rise in @entity7 ( @entity7 ) level was observed in the spleen, serum, and left atrium (LA), with @entity6 showing inhibitory effects in the latter 2 instances. In addition, AAC-induced M2 macrophage recruitment into the LA was decreased by @entity6 , as determined by immunofluorescence labeling (P <.05). On day 28, AAC-induced heterogeneous @entity2 of the LA was enhanced by @entity6 (P <.05). Electrophysiologic recordings revealed that the duration of @entity5 and prolongation of interatrial conduction time induced by AAC were increased by @entity6 (P < .01 and P <.05, respectively). Furthermore, in the AAC+ @entity6 group, the number of macrophages infiltrating into the LA on day 2 was marginal, but increased on day 28 relative to the AAC+Sham group. @entity7 administration attenuated the AAC-induced atrial remodeling that was aggravated by @entity6 . CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that @entity6 exacerbates AAC-induced @entity2 and increases vulnerability to @entity5 after 4 weeks, likely because of depletion of spleen-derived @entity7 .

title: Splenectomy exacerbates @entity2 and vulnerability to @entity5 induced by pressure overload in @entity1 : Possible role of spleen-derived XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The spleen is important for @entity3 induced by @entity4 . However, the role of the spleen in @entity2 induced by pressure overload is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether splenectomy ( @entity6 ) attenuates or exacerbates pressure overload-induced @entity2 and vulnerability to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in @entity1 . METHODS: Male @entity1 (6 weeks old) were divided into Sham+Sham, Sham+ @entity6 , abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)+Sham, and AAC+ @entity6 groups, and were evaluated for @entity0 , @entity2 , and @entity5 on days 2, 4, 14, and 28. RESULTS: On day 4, an AAC-induced rise in @entity7 ( @entity7 ) level was observed in the spleen, serum, and left atrium (LA), with @entity6 showing inhibitory effects in the latter 2 instances. In addition, AAC-induced M2 macrophage recruitment into the LA was decreased by @entity6 , as determined by immunofluorescence labeling (P <.05). On day 28, AAC-induced heterogeneous @entity2 of the LA was enhanced by @entity6 (P <.05). Electrophysiologic recordings revealed that the duration of @entity5 and prolongation of interatrial conduction time induced by AAC were increased by @entity6 (P < .01 and P <.05, respectively). Furthermore, in the AAC+ @entity6 group, the number of macrophages infiltrating into the LA on day 2 was marginal, but increased on day 28 relative to the AAC+Sham group. @entity7 administration attenuated the AAC-induced atrial remodeling that was aggravated by @entity6 . CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that @entity6 exacerbates AAC-induced @entity2 and increases vulnerability to @entity5 after 4 weeks, likely because of depletion of spleen-derived @entity7 .

title: Splenectomy exacerbates @entity2 and vulnerability to XXXX induced by pressure overload in @entity1 : Possible role of spleen-derived @entity7 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The spleen is important for @entity3 induced by @entity4 . However, the role of the spleen in @entity2 induced by pressure overload is unknown. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether splenectomy ( @entity6 ) attenuates or exacerbates pressure overload-induced @entity2 and vulnerability to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in @entity1 . METHODS: Male @entity1 (6 weeks old) were divided into Sham+Sham, Sham+ @entity6 , abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)+Sham, and AAC+ @entity6 groups, and were evaluated for @entity0 , @entity2 , and @entity5 on days 2, 4, 14, and 28. RESULTS: On day 4, an AAC-induced rise in @entity7 ( @entity7 ) level was observed in the spleen, serum, and left atrium (LA), with @entity6 showing inhibitory effects in the latter 2 instances. In addition, AAC-induced M2 macrophage recruitment into the LA was decreased by @entity6 , as determined by immunofluorescence labeling (P <.05). On day 28, AAC-induced heterogeneous @entity2 of the LA was enhanced by @entity6 (P <.05). Electrophysiologic recordings revealed that the duration of @entity5 and prolongation of interatrial conduction time induced by AAC were increased by @entity6 (P < .01 and P <.05, respectively). Furthermore, in the AAC+ @entity6 group, the number of macrophages infiltrating into the LA on day 2 was marginal, but increased on day 28 relative to the AAC+Sham group. @entity7 administration attenuated the AAC-induced atrial remodeling that was aggravated by @entity6 . CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that @entity6 exacerbates AAC-induced @entity2 and increases vulnerability to @entity5 after 4 weeks, likely because of depletion of spleen-derived @entity7 .

title: Splenectomy exacerbates @entity2 and vulnerability to @entity5 induced by pressure overload in XXXX : Possible role of spleen-derived @entity7 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Deficits in emotion processing and social interaction are prominent symptoms of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). @entity1 has also been associated with @entity2 tendencies towards self and others. The prevalence of @entity2 in this disorder, its etiology and its impact on social life are still unclear. This study investigated behavioral and physiological effects of social provocation in @entity0 with @entity1 and healthy controls. We used a modified Taylor Aggression Paradigm in 24 high-functioning @entity0 with @entity1 and 24 healthy controls. @entity0 were instructed to play against a fictitious @entity0 opponent. Money withdrawals toward the @entity0 represented provocation and money deduction by the @entity0 denoted @entity2 . Throughout the measurement, electrodermal activity (EDA) was recorded. Healthy controls showed higher @entity2 responses to high provocation compared to low provocation, which demonstrated the effectiveness of the used procedure in eliciting @entity2 . @entity0 ' responses were not influenced by the level of social provocation, although in both groups @entity2 was higher after lost compared to won trials. Physiologically, controls showed fewer but higher EDA amplitudes when responding aggressively, whereas @entity0 displayed the opposite pattern of more but lower EDA amplitudes. The modified Taylor Aggression Paradigm successfully elicited @entity2 and revealed different behavioral and neurophysiological responses in @entity0 and healthy controls. @entity0 ' @entity2 as well as their physiological responses were less modulated by level of provocation compared to controls. Therapeutic attempts for @entity0 might concentrate on improving empathic abilities and the understanding of social situations, including provocation and @entity2 . @entity3 Res 2015.    2015 International Society for @entity3 Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Reduced Responsiveness to Social Provocation in XXXX Spectrum Disorder.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Analyzing preoperative parameters to help determine the risk of a random or systematic prostate needle biopsy specimen detecting an incidental microscopic @entity2 . METHODS: We reviewed the charts of 28 @entity0 who had < or = 3 mm of Gleason grade (Glgr) < or = 2 (score < or = 4) @entity2 in their prostate biopsy specimen and subsequently underwent a radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP). Histopathologic review of the RRP specimen was carefully performed to determine the respective @entity1 volume, number of @entity1 foci, pathologic stage, Glgr, and score. @entity3 (PSA) levels and the calculated PSA density (PSAD) were recorded for each case. RESULTS: Sixteen of the 28 (57%) RRP specimens contained a very small well-differentiated @entity1 (< or = 0.2 cc); 7 (25%) @entity1 were minimally larger (0.2 to 0.5 cc); and 2 specimens (7%) contained a large @entity1 (4 and 6 cc) only sampled by the biopsy specimen. Mean PSA levels and PSAD values both significantly differentiated @entity1 < or = 0.5 cc from those > 0.5 cc (p < 0.005). PSA < or = 4 vs PSAD < or = 0.1 correctly identified 12 of 23 (52%) vs 22 of 23 (96%) @entity1 < or = 0.5 cc, and 10 of 16 (63%) vs 15 of 16 (94%) @entity1 < or = 0.2 cc, respectively; both parameters excluded 4 of 5 (80%) @entity1 > 0.5 cc. PSA < or = 4 vs PSAD < or = 0.1 identified 13 of 25 (52%) vs 24 of 25 (96%) organ-confined @entity1 , respectively, and both parameters excluded the 2 specimen-confined and 1 margin-positive @entity1 . Thus, PSAD had an excellent ability to differentiate the @entity1 based on their volumes. All @entity1 < or = 0.5 cc in the RRP specimen were organ-confined and postoperative serial PSA levels remained < 0.4 in these @entity0 at a mean follow-up of 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that a @entity0 who has a random or systematic prostate biopsy specimen that contains < or = 3 mm of Glgr < or = 2 @entity2 and a PSAD < or = 0.1 is at a substantial risk (82%) of being diagnosed with an incidental, organ-confined, and probably insignificant, microscopic @entity2 .

title: XXXX : analysis of preoperative parameters.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The primary donor @entity0 was a spontaneous @entity0 which arose in a 348-day-old female @entity6 @entity1 . The pedigree number of that @entity1 was 0901-1423. The @entity1 was sacrificed for serial s.c. transplantation with 3 isogeneic hosts on January 19, 1989 and a total of 27 generations succeeded by the end of April, 1992. The primary donor @entity0 was diagnosed pathologically as a type B @entity1 @entity2 (Dunn 1959). The incidence of this serial s.c. transplantation @entity0 is 100% after inoculation. The latency period is 4-7 days and the lifetime of tumorbearing @entity1 is about 47 days. The spontaneous metastatic rates in the lungs was 100% after the 11th generations. The earliest metastasis seen in the lung under light microscopy was on the 10th day after inoculation, and the earliest seen by gross examination was on about the 35th day. The transplanted @entity0 grew slowly from the 4th day to the 21st day after inoculation and then grew rather fast from the 22nd to the 47th day. The average size of the transplanted @entity0 obtained from 10 recipient @entity1 on the 47th day after inoculation was 4.93cm3. Seven anticancer drugs were administered respectively for a sensitivity test. The taking rates of the transplanted @entity0 using 4 of the 7 drugs were as follows: @entity4 29.27% (P < 0.05); thio-tepa 44.80% (P < 0.01); @entity3 95.31% (P < 0.01); and @entity5 96.27% (P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A @entity1 model of XXXX (VI TA2MA-891) with high rate of spontaneous metastases in the lungs].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The primary donor @entity0 was a spontaneous @entity0 which arose in a 348-day-old female @entity6 @entity1 . The pedigree number of that @entity1 was 0901-1423. The @entity1 was sacrificed for serial s.c. transplantation with 3 isogeneic hosts on January 19, 1989 and a total of 27 generations succeeded by the end of April, 1992. The primary donor @entity0 was diagnosed pathologically as a type B @entity1 @entity2 (Dunn 1959). The incidence of this serial s.c. transplantation @entity0 is 100% after inoculation. The latency period is 4-7 days and the lifetime of tumorbearing @entity1 is about 47 days. The spontaneous metastatic rates in the lungs was 100% after the 11th generations. The earliest metastasis seen in the lung under light microscopy was on the 10th day after inoculation, and the earliest seen by gross examination was on about the 35th day. The transplanted @entity0 grew slowly from the 4th day to the 21st day after inoculation and then grew rather fast from the 22nd to the 47th day. The average size of the transplanted @entity0 obtained from 10 recipient @entity1 on the 47th day after inoculation was 4.93cm3. Seven anticancer drugs were administered respectively for a sensitivity test. The taking rates of the transplanted @entity0 using 4 of the 7 drugs were as follows: @entity4 29.27% (P < 0.05); thio-tepa 44.80% (P < 0.01); @entity3 95.31% (P < 0.01); and @entity5 96.27% (P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A XXXX model of @entity2 (VI TA2MA-891) with high rate of spontaneous metastases in the lungs].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective. To analyze the perception in relation to when and how to perform actions for the early detection of breast and cervical @entity2 among @entity1 and health care providers in communities with a high percentage of indigenous population in Morelos, Mexico. Materials and methods. Ten health providers and 58 @entity1 users of health services were interviewed which have a first level of attention in five communities. The analysis was developed under the approach of the Grounded Theory. Results. Providers are poorly informed about current regulations and specific clinical indications for the detection of cervical and @entity0 . Few propitiate health literacy under intercultural sensitization. The users have imprecise or wrong notions of the early detection. Conclusions. The need for training in adherence to norms is evident. It is urgent to assume a culturally relevant approach to enable efficient communication and promote health literacy for early detection of these two @entity2 .

title: [Early detection of breast and cervical XXXX among indigenous communities in Morelos, Mexico].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Hormone release in culture in response to @entity11 was examined in 28 @entity0 @entity5 : 10 null cell @entity3 , 4 gonadotropin-, 6 GH-, 6 ACTH-, and 2 PRL-producing @entity3 . The effects of @entity12 were compared with those of the classical hypothalamic releasing hormones and other activators of intracellular signaling pathways. @entity12 significantly stimulated GH release from 1 @entity1 (125 +/- 3% of control; P < 0.05) and ACTH release from 3 @entity1 (134 +/- 6%, 136 +/- 7%, and 137 +/- 9% of control; P < 0.05). The effects of @entity12 were less potent than either @entity10 on GH release in the @entity1 or @entity8 on ACTH release in the @entity1 but similar to the responses seen with the @entity2 analog @entity7 ( @entity9 ). No detectable effects of @entity12 on hormone release from null cell, gonadotropin-, or PRL-producing @entity3 were observed. Of the 5 somatotrope @entity1 that failed to respond to @entity12 , all also failed to respond to either @entity9 , @entity6 , or @entity10 . Of the @entity1 that failed to respond, 2 of the 3 also failed to respond to @entity8 . In addition to eliciting hormone release appropriate to the @entity1 type, @entity12 also stimulated glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit (alpha SU) release from one @entity1 (229 +/- 35% of control, P < 0.01) and one @entity1 (149 +/- 4% of control; P < 0.01). This response was not mimicked by @entity9 in the @entity1 , but in the @entity1 a significant alpha SU release was also seen after stimulation with the protein kinase C activator @entity4 and @entity9 . These results suggest that the novel hypothalamic peptide @entity12 has a modest role in the regulation of GH, ACTH, and alpha SU secretion from some @entity0 @entity1 pituitary corticotropes and somatotropes. Further studies are needed to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways that mediate the effects of @entity11 on hormone secretion by these @entity1 types.

title: Effects of @entity11 on hormone secretion by @entity0 XXXX in vitro.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Hormone release in culture in response to @entity11 was examined in 28 @entity0 @entity5 : 10 null cell @entity3 , 4 gonadotropin-, 6 GH-, 6 ACTH-, and 2 PRL-producing @entity3 . The effects of @entity12 were compared with those of the classical hypothalamic releasing hormones and other activators of intracellular signaling pathways. @entity12 significantly stimulated GH release from 1 @entity1 (125 +/- 3% of control; P < 0.05) and ACTH release from 3 @entity1 (134 +/- 6%, 136 +/- 7%, and 137 +/- 9% of control; P < 0.05). The effects of @entity12 were less potent than either @entity10 on GH release in the @entity1 or @entity8 on ACTH release in the @entity1 but similar to the responses seen with the @entity2 analog @entity7 ( @entity9 ). No detectable effects of @entity12 on hormone release from null cell, gonadotropin-, or PRL-producing @entity3 were observed. Of the 5 somatotrope @entity1 that failed to respond to @entity12 , all also failed to respond to either @entity9 , @entity6 , or @entity10 . Of the @entity1 that failed to respond, 2 of the 3 also failed to respond to @entity8 . In addition to eliciting hormone release appropriate to the @entity1 type, @entity12 also stimulated glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit (alpha SU) release from one @entity1 (229 +/- 35% of control, P < 0.01) and one @entity1 (149 +/- 4% of control; P < 0.01). This response was not mimicked by @entity9 in the @entity1 , but in the @entity1 a significant alpha SU release was also seen after stimulation with the protein kinase C activator @entity4 and @entity9 . These results suggest that the novel hypothalamic peptide @entity12 has a modest role in the regulation of GH, ACTH, and alpha SU secretion from some @entity0 @entity1 pituitary corticotropes and somatotropes. Further studies are needed to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways that mediate the effects of @entity11 on hormone secretion by these @entity1 types.

title: Effects of XXXX on hormone secretion by @entity0 @entity5 in vitro.

answer: @entity11


abstract: Hormone release in culture in response to @entity11 was examined in 28 @entity0 @entity5 : 10 null cell @entity3 , 4 gonadotropin-, 6 GH-, 6 ACTH-, and 2 PRL-producing @entity3 . The effects of @entity12 were compared with those of the classical hypothalamic releasing hormones and other activators of intracellular signaling pathways. @entity12 significantly stimulated GH release from 1 @entity1 (125 +/- 3% of control; P < 0.05) and ACTH release from 3 @entity1 (134 +/- 6%, 136 +/- 7%, and 137 +/- 9% of control; P < 0.05). The effects of @entity12 were less potent than either @entity10 on GH release in the @entity1 or @entity8 on ACTH release in the @entity1 but similar to the responses seen with the @entity2 analog @entity7 ( @entity9 ). No detectable effects of @entity12 on hormone release from null cell, gonadotropin-, or PRL-producing @entity3 were observed. Of the 5 somatotrope @entity1 that failed to respond to @entity12 , all also failed to respond to either @entity9 , @entity6 , or @entity10 . Of the @entity1 that failed to respond, 2 of the 3 also failed to respond to @entity8 . In addition to eliciting hormone release appropriate to the @entity1 type, @entity12 also stimulated glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit (alpha SU) release from one @entity1 (229 +/- 35% of control, P < 0.01) and one @entity1 (149 +/- 4% of control; P < 0.01). This response was not mimicked by @entity9 in the @entity1 , but in the @entity1 a significant alpha SU release was also seen after stimulation with the protein kinase C activator @entity4 and @entity9 . These results suggest that the novel hypothalamic peptide @entity12 has a modest role in the regulation of GH, ACTH, and alpha SU secretion from some @entity0 @entity1 pituitary corticotropes and somatotropes. Further studies are needed to elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways that mediate the effects of @entity11 on hormone secretion by these @entity1 types.

title: Effects of @entity11 on hormone secretion by XXXX @entity5 in vitro.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Endothelins (ETs) are important regulators of growth and function in many endocrine tissues. This study was designed to verify the expression of ETs in a series of normal @entity0 pituitaries and @entity3 . We examined 13 normal pituitaries and 58 @entity3 for the presence of immunoreactive (ir) @entity6 . No ir- @entity5 was detected in any of the 13 normal pituitaries, whereas ir- @entity7 was observed in 4 of 13 (31%) cases. In contrast, 48% (28 of 58) of @entity3 display immunoreactivity for @entity5 , whereas 31% (18 of 58) show immunoreactivity for @entity7 . With respect to the type of @entity1 , staining was as follows: nonfunctioning @entity2 : @entity5 , 14 of 33; @entity7 , 9 of 33; somatotropinomas: @entity5 , 8 of 16; @entity7 , 6 of 16; corticotropinomas: @entity5 , 5 of 5; @entity7 , 2 of 5; and @entity4 ; @entity5 , 1 of 4; @entity7 , 1 of 4. Using double immunostaining, we found the colocalization of @entity7 in normal pituitaries and of @entity6 in pituitaries @entity2 in each hormone-secreting cell. In @entity2 , @entity5 was coexpressed in corticotropic cells in all 5 cases (100%). In the same @entity1 , by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we investigated the presence of @entity6 messenger @entity8 and found that they are expressed, respectively, in 18 of 21 and 7 of 11 @entity1 examined. Our findings demonstrate that @entity3 frequently display @entity5 as well as @entity7 immunoreactivity, in contrast to normal pituitaries, in which only @entity7 was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Endothelin expression in normal @entity0 anterior pituitaries and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Endothelins (ETs) are important regulators of growth and function in many endocrine tissues. This study was designed to verify the expression of ETs in a series of normal @entity0 pituitaries and @entity3 . We examined 13 normal pituitaries and 58 @entity3 for the presence of immunoreactive (ir) @entity6 . No ir- @entity5 was detected in any of the 13 normal pituitaries, whereas ir- @entity7 was observed in 4 of 13 (31%) cases. In contrast, 48% (28 of 58) of @entity3 display immunoreactivity for @entity5 , whereas 31% (18 of 58) show immunoreactivity for @entity7 . With respect to the type of @entity1 , staining was as follows: nonfunctioning @entity2 : @entity5 , 14 of 33; @entity7 , 9 of 33; somatotropinomas: @entity5 , 8 of 16; @entity7 , 6 of 16; corticotropinomas: @entity5 , 5 of 5; @entity7 , 2 of 5; and @entity4 ; @entity5 , 1 of 4; @entity7 , 1 of 4. Using double immunostaining, we found the colocalization of @entity7 in normal pituitaries and of @entity6 in pituitaries @entity2 in each hormone-secreting cell. In @entity2 , @entity5 was coexpressed in corticotropic cells in all 5 cases (100%). In the same @entity1 , by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we investigated the presence of @entity6 messenger @entity8 and found that they are expressed, respectively, in 18 of 21 and 7 of 11 @entity1 examined. Our findings demonstrate that @entity3 frequently display @entity5 as well as @entity7 immunoreactivity, in contrast to normal pituitaries, in which only @entity7 was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Endothelin expression in normal XXXX anterior pituitaries and @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Effective activation of T cells in immune responses depends on two signals, one from the @entity2 /TCR complex and another from accessory cell surface proteins. Very late Ag-4 (VLA-4) can exert a costimulatory function upon binding with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We investigated the effects of mAbs against @entity3 and VLA-4 on cardiac allograft survival and humoral response to soluble Ags. BALB/c hearts were transplanted into C3H/He recipients. mAbs (100 micrograms/day) were administered i.p. for the first 6 days. Graft survival in @entity1 treated with M/ @entity4 (anti- @entity3 ; median survival: 20 days, n = 6) and those treated with PS/2 (anti-VLA-4; 30 days, n = 6) was greater than that in control @entity1 (8 days, n = 7). Eight of 18 @entity1 treated with both M/ @entity4 accepted the grafts over 65 days, and five of them accepted the grafts over 100 days. Allografts treated with the two mAbs showed scattered infiltration of leukocytes without evidence of active rejection at 65 days. @entity1 with long-surviving cardiac grafts were challenged with skin grafts from donor and third-party (C57BL/6) strains. Survival of the donor-type skin was significantly greater than that of the third-party skin. One @entity1 specifically accepted the donor-type skin indefinitely (> 150 days). FACS analysis of splenocytes at 55 days after transplantation showed complete recovery of VLA-4 expression from a down-regulation observed at day 7. In addition, @entity1 immunized with heat-aggregated @entity0 gamma-globulin did not produce specific Ab, even after boost immunization, if PS/2 was administered at the time of the first immunization. This unresponsiveness to xenogeneic protein lasted for more than 50 days. These results indicate that in vivo administration of anti- @entity3 and anti-VLA-4 mAbs induces specific immunosuppression to cardiac allografts and soluble Ags.

title: Immunosuppression to cardiac allografts and soluble antigens by anti- XXXX and anti-very late antigen-4 monoclonal antibodies.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the immediate and intermediate outcome in @entity3 and doming @entity2 in @entity0 and to determine various factors associated with unsuccessful outcome. STUDY DESIGN: An interventional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The @entity0 's Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from June 2006 to December 2012. METHODOLOGY: All @entity0 presenting with severe @entity2 were enrolled in the study. Balloon valvuloplasty was performed on all @entity0 . Successful outcome (residual gradient < 36 mmHg) was compared with matched doming @entity2 control group valvuloplasty. Difference in various quantitative variables was calculated using independent t-test and Mann Whitney U test. Categorical variables were compared using Chi square and Kruskal-Wallis test. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine various factors associated with outcome. Kaplan- Meier survival table was used to determine freedom from re-intervention proportions. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty two @entity0 (Dysplastic group A, n=73; Doming group B, n=79) with median age of 24 months (range 3 - 192 months) and M:F; 2:1 were included in the study. Mean gradient decreased from 96    33 mmHg to 29    20 mmHg. Group A had significantly higher number of @entity0 with unsuccessful outcome (9.6%, p=0.02). Preprocedure gradient > 75 mmHg was the most significant factor associated with unsuccessful outcome (p < 0.001). Median follow-up duration was 3 years (range 1 - 6 years). Freedom from re-intervention proportion at 1, 3 and 6 years was 91.3%, 86.7% and 78.9% respectively in group A compared to 100%, 96.5% and 96.5% respectively in group B. Immediate postprocedure gradient > 60 mmHg was the only significant factor associated with re-intervention in group A (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: The results from balloon valvuloplasty in @entity1 were suboptimal when compared to doming valves. However, it provides a high freedom from re-intervention rate in intermediate follow-up. Intervention at moderate severity can result in better outcome.

title: Balloon valvuloplasty in XXXX : immediate and intermediate outcomes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Age-matched male New Zealand white @entity0 (n = 16) were allocated to two groups: group 1 (n = 8) received a standard @entity0 diet; group 2 (n = 8) received a 2% @entity1 -enriched diet. After 8 weeks of prescribed diet, hearts were excised and placed on a constant perfusion pressure Langendorff-type apparatus. Coronary flow, left ventricular pressure, and isovolumic dP/dt were continuously measured. Baseline recordings were made and then a single 5 nmol bolus dose of substance P was delivered into the coronary perfusate. Mean serum @entity1 levels in group 1 were 53 +/- 17 (SEM) mg.dl-1, in group 2 1438 +/- 143 mg.dl-1. In group 1, the injection of substance P caused mean coronary flow to increase 39 +/- 6%, mean coronary vascular resistance to decrease 28 +/- 3%, and mean dP/dt to increase 11 +/- 4%. In group 2, coronary flow increased 57 +/- 13%, coronary vascular resistance decreased 33 +/- 5%, and dP/dt increased 17 +/- 4%. Within groups, values changed significantly from baseline but these changes were not significantly different between groups. The duration of coronary flow response was 113 +/- 20 s in group 1 and 63 +/- 8 s in group 2. Substance P is a potent dilator of coronary resistance vessels and has positive inotropic effects in the @entity0 . High levels of @entity1 exposure do not alter the magnitude of substance P-induced vasodilation, but the duration of the response is shortened.

title: Coronary vascular and myocardial effects of substance P in hypercholesterolemic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The fetus can now be considered a @entity0 . Sophisticated imaging techniques and prenatal tests have allowed precise diagnosis of @entity4 . Subsequent recommendations for treatment are evolving depending on diagnosis and @entity1 . For severely affected fetuses with life-threatening problems, fetal surgery is a proposed intervention. Knowledge of the diagnosis and potential treatment modalities are now a prerequisite for providing the necessary support and care of mothers of fetuses with an @entity2 . The fetal treatment center provides a regionalized approach to providing specialized care to the mother carrying a fetus with an @entity2 . The center provides both prenatal and postnatal diagnosis; treatment; and obstetric, neonatal, and pediatric surgical management for a wide variety of @entity1 . The fetal treatment center model is a useful one offering knowledgeable, coordinated, efficient, and compassionate care to parents facing difficult decisions regarding their unborn @entity0 . Future interventions include less invasive procedures to the mother, such as videofetoscopic techniques. Use of new research related to scarless wound healing may allow endoscopic techniques to correct @entity6 in utero. Gene and stem cell therapy in utero may ameliorate @entity7 , @entity5 , @entity9 , and so on prior to birth. Finally, other @entity4 , such as @entity3 and @entity8 may also benefit from in utero intervention.

title: The unborn surgical XXXX . A nursing frontier.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe a case of subtherapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) associated with concomitant use of @entity3 and banana flakes in a @entity0 with @entity2 . SUMMARY: A @entity0 in his 30s was hospitalized for an elective procedure, but his stay was complicated by @entity1 requiring intravenous infusion of unfractionated heparin, @entity6 , @entity5 requiring broad-spectrum antimicrobials and percutaneous @entity7 , and @entity2 . Eventually, the heparin was transitioned to @entity3 . After several days of therapeutic INR, the INR became subtherapeutic and remained so for 3 days. The decreased INR correlated temporally with initiation of consistent administration of dried banana flakes to treat @entity2 and the subsequent decrease in the rate and extent of @entity2 . @entity2 decreases the amount and activity of @entity4 -producing intestinal flora and dietary @entity4 absorption, resulting in increased INR. Resolution of @entity2 secondary to banana flakes administration in this @entity0 may have contributed to the decreased INR by causing a relative increase in @entity4 -producing flora and @entity4 absorption. A probability score of 5 was obtained upon applying the Drug Interaction Probability Scale modified to address interactions between @entity3 and dietary supplements, indicating a probable interaction between @entity3 and banana flakes. CONCLUSION: Concomitant use of @entity3 and banana flakes supplements may result in a reduced rate and extent of @entity2 and may be associated with subtherapeutic INR and decreased @entity3 efficacy. Practitioners must be aware of this potential interaction and closely monitor INR and adjust @entity3 doses accordingly.

title: Probable Interaction Between XXXX and Banana Flakes Supplement.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In order to investigate the role of the acute-phase response in early @entity1 ( @entity1 ), we followed the changes of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), alpha @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 (ACT) in the sera of 25 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) during the first 3 years of the disease. Serum levels of AGP, ACT and @entity2 were measured using rocket immunoelectrophoresis, and AGP, ACT and @entity2 microheterogeneities were performed using two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis with concanavalin A (Con A) as ligand. On average, serum levels of AGP, ACT and @entity2 proteins were higher at the onset of the disease as compared with healthy controls. After 3 years, a significant decrease in serum levels of all three acute-phase proteins (APPs) was observed, but only in @entity0 without anatomical progression was this decrease statistically significant. At the beginning of the study, only the @entity2 reactivity coefficient (RC) was decreased in comparison with healthy subjects. However, after 3 years of disease, AGP, ACT and @entity2 RCs all decreased. This investigation provided two new observations. The first is that only @entity2 RC is significantly lower in comparison with normal values at the beginning of @entity1 , whereas AGP RC and ACT RC remain within the normal range of values; a decrease in AGP RC and ACT RC appeared later. The second observation is that the highly elevated levels of APPs at the onset of @entity1 decrease during the course of the disease. Moreover, this decrease does not depend on the disease activity, but a relationship with radiological progression was shown.

title: Acute-phase response in early XXXX : long-term follow-up study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The nucleosome positioning regulates the gene expression and many other DNA-related processes in eukaryotes. Genome-wide mapping of nucleosome positions and correlation of genome-wide nucleosomal remodeling with the changes in the gene expression can help us understanding gene regulation on genome level. RESULTS: In the present study, we correlate the gene expression and the genomic nucleosomal remodeling in response to @entity1 (SA) treatment in A. thaliana. We have mapped genome-wide nucleosomes by performing tiling microarray using 146 bp mononucleosomal template DNA. The average nucleosomal coverage is approximately 346 bp per nucleosome both under the control and the SA-treated conditions. The nucleosomal coverage is more in the coding region than in the 5' regulatory regions. We observe approximately 50% nucleosomal remodeling on SA treatment where significant nucleosomal depletion and nucleosomal enrichment around the @entity0 ( @entity0 ) occur in SA induced genes and SA repressed genes respectively in response to SA treatment. Especially in the case of the SA-induced group, the nucleosomal remodeling over the minimal promoter in response to SA is especially significant in the Non-expresser of @entity3 ( @entity2 )-dependent genes. A detailed investigation of @entity2 -1 mutant confirms a distinct role of @entity2 in the nucleosome remodeling over the core promoter. We have also identified several motifs for various hormonal responses; including ABRE elements in the remodeled nucleosomal regions around the promoter region in the SA regulated genes. We have further identified that the W-box and TGACG/C motif, reported to play an important role in SA-mediated induction, are enriched in nucleosome free regions (NFRs) of the promoter region of the SA induced genes. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study reporting genome-wide effects of SA treatment on the chromatin architecture of A. thaliana. It also reports significant role of @entity2 in genome-wide nucleosomal remodeling in response to SA.

title: Global nucleosome positioning regulates XXXX mediated transcription in Arabidopsis thaliana.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the need for ileo-obturator node dissection in @entity0 with @entity4 who are undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy. @entity0 AND METHODS: Over a 5-year-period, 95 @entity0 underwent bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. Ninety were performed in association with planned radical prostatectomy and five were staging procedures in clinical stage T3 @entity0 prior to radiotherapy or hormonal therapy. The @entity0 with @entity4 were stage @entity6 (one @entity0 ), T1b (21), T2a (30), and T2b (38). Pre-operative biopsies in the @entity0 with @entity2 were well differentiated in 44 @entity0 , moderately well differentiated in 45 and poorly differentiated in one. In the @entity0 with T3 @entity2 , pre-operative biopsies were well differentiated in one, moderately well differentiated in two and poorly differentiated in two. @entity5 (PSA) levels ranged from 0.4 to 110.1 ng/mL (Hybritech assay). RESULTS: Two @entity0 had positive lymph node dissections on fixed section. These two @entity0 had well-differentiated @entity3 with a PSA level of 72.4 ng/mL and poorly differentiated @entity3 with a PSA level of 58.5 ng/mL. There was significant upstaging (P < 0.001) and upgrading (P < 0.001) on pathological examination. None of the 71 @entity0 with a PSA < or = 10 ng/mL had positive lymph nodes compared with 8.3% of the 24 @entity0 with a PSA > 10 ng/mL (P = 0.0618). Lymph node @entity1 were present in 1% of @entity0 with well or moderately well-differentiated @entity4 on pre-operative biopsy versus 33% with poorly differentiated disease (P = 0.0625). These P values strongly suggest an association, achieving significance only at the 10% level which might be the more appropriate level given the relative lack of power of the study due to the small number of @entity0 with positive lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that routine ileo-obturator node dissection in @entity0 with well or moderately well-differentiated, @entity4 and a PSA level < 10 ng/mL may be unnecessary, especially as a separate procedure.

title: Should we reconsider the indications for ileo-obturator node dissection with XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity2 on @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are advised to follow strict follow-up schedules and switch to definitive treatment on risk reclassification. However, some @entity0 might not adhere to these strict protocols. OBJECTIVE: To determine the number of noncompliers and disease reclassification rates in @entity0 not complying with the follow-up protocol of the @entity2 Research International Active Surveillance (PRIAS) study. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : A total of 4547 @entity0 with @entity2 were included and prospectively followed on @entity4 . @entity0 were regularly examined using @entity3 , digital rectal examination, and repeat biopsies, and were advised to switch to definitive treatment on disease reclassification (>cT2c, Gleason score > 3+3, >2 cores positive, or @entity3 doubling time [ @entity3 -DT] 0-3 yr). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Rates of @entity0 not complying with follow-up visits or a recommendation to discontinue @entity4 are reported. Biopsy outcome (Gleason >= 7 or >2 cores positive) was compared between compliers and noncompliers using Cox proportional hazards analysis. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: The compliance rate for @entity3 visits was 91%. By contrast, the compliance rate for standard repeat biopsies decreased over time (81%, 60%, 53%, and 33% at 1, 4, 7, and 10 yr after diagnosis, respectively). Yearly repeat biopsies in @entity0 with faster rising @entity3 ( @entity3 -DT 3-10 yr) was low at <30%, although these @entity0 had higher upgrading rates at repeat biopsy (25-30% vs 16%). @entity3 -DT of 0-3 yr was the most common recommendation for discontinuation, but 71% continued on @entity4 . @entity0 with @entity3 -DT of 0-3 yr were at higher risk of upgrading on repeat biopsy (hazard ratio 2.02, 95% confidence interval 1.36-3.00) compared to @entity0 without fast rising @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Some @entity0 and their physicians do not comply with @entity4 follow-up protocols. In particular, yearly repeat biopsies in @entity0 with fast rising @entity3 are often ignored, as is the recommendation to discontinue @entity4 because of very fast rising @entity3 . Although these @entity0 are at greater risk of higher Gleason scores on repeat biopsy, the majority still exhibit favorable @entity1 characteristics. Fast rising @entity3 should therefore not trigger a recommendation to receive active treatment, but should rather serve as a criterion for stricter follow-up. In addition, we should aim to find ways of safely reducing the number of biopsies to increase adherence to @entity4 protocols. @entity0 SUMMARY: We looked at compliance with an @entity4 protocol for @entity2 in a large @entity4 study. We observed reluctance to undergo yearly biopsies because of fast rising @entity3 , despite a higher risk of disease progression. Further research should aim to safely reduce the number of repeat biopsies in @entity0 on @entity4 to increase protocol adherence.

title: Compliance Rates with the XXXX Research International Active Surveillance (PRIAS) Protocol and Disease Reclassification in Noncompliers.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The most common mechanism of @entity5 ( @entity3 and @entity4 ) resistance in @entity1 is a mutation at the cyp51A locus. The aim of our study was to determine the rate of cyp51A mutations in lung transplant recipients (LTR) undergoing targeted antifungal prophylaxis with 12 weeks of @entity4 . METHODS: We conducted a prospective study that included 22 LTR with A. fumigatus between October 2008 and November 2011. Of those, 10 LTR were colonized with A. fumigatus and 12 had invasive @entity2 . RESULTS: Four @entity0 were found to have A. fumigatus isolates with a cyp51A mutation, two had colonization and two had invasive @entity2 . The remaining 18 LTR had @entity6 cyp51A A. fumigatus isolates. All A. fumigatus isolates (except one due to mixed growth) were tested for antifungal susceptibility. A total of nine LTR were exposed to azoles prior to A. fumigatus isolation for a median duration of 249 (IQR 99-524) days. @entity5 exposure preceded the isolation of two mutant isolates and seven @entity6 isolates. None of the cyp51A mutant isolates conferred phenotypic resistance to @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Targeted antifungal prophylaxis in LTR did not lead to cyp51A resistance mutations in this cohort. Data on larger cohorts who receive universal antifungal prophylaxis are needed.

title: Rate of cyp51A mutation in XXXX among lung transplant recipients with targeted prophylaxis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We report the development of a quantitative nested reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction which utilizes a fluorescence detection system. Using specific primer pairs to study mRNA for endothelin receptors in the @entity0 kidney, we synthesized a cRNA construct containing the same sequences but yielding a PCR product some 300 base pairs larger than native mRNA. Inclusion of a known amount of construct as internal standard with tissue RNA prior to cDNA synthesis allowed all reactions to occur under the same conditions in the same tube. In the nested PCR reaction, serial dilutions made before the second round enabled construction of a standard curve for each assay, and confirmation that standard and sample curves remained parallel. This indicates that both cDNAs amplified at the same rate. One internal primer was fluorescently labeled. Quantification of products using an ABI 373A sequencer with Genescan software gave sensitive and reproducible results. Analysis of a needle biopsy (10 mg) of histologically normal cortex gave 0.4 amol @entity2 mRNA and 1.6 amol @entity1 mRNA/micrograms total RNA. In medulla these values were 0.46 and 1.16 amol/micrograms, respectively. Ratios of @entity1 to @entity2 message were 74:26 in cortex and 77:23 in medulla, agreeing with previous ligand binding studies of receptor protein. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 4.5 and 5.3%. This new method has potential for widespread application to the study of low copy-number mRNA or where only very small amounts of tissue are available, such as biopsy specimens.

title: Quantification of mRNA in XXXX tissue using fluorescent nested reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ammonia ( @entity2 ) volatilization from intensive livestock production is a threat to natural ecosystems. This study investigated @entity0 diet manipulation by 1% (w/w) benzoic acid (BA) amendment and lowering of dietary electrolyte balance through substituting 1.4% (w/w) CaCO with 2.0% (w/w) CaCl. Urine and feces were collected separately from 24 @entity0 fed one of four diets (Control, +BA, +CaCl, +BA+CaCl) in metabolic cages and mixed as slurry. During 103 d of storage, all acidifying diets consistently reduced pH in the slurry by 0.4 to 0.6 units. There was a strong relationship between slurry pH and @entity2 emissions, which were considerably reduced by the three acidifying diets. The +BA diet decreased @entity2 emission by 28%, the +CaCl diet by 37%, and the combined +BA and +CaCl diet by 40%. Acidifying diets had no effect on S cycling or emission of @entity1 compounds under the prevailing conditions of restricted S feeding. Methane (CH) emissions were increased by 73% in diets with CaCl. An initial delay in CH emissions was investigated in a separate experiment with manipulation of pH (5.4, 6.7, or 8.8) and inoculation with adapted @entity0 slurry (0, 4, 11, or 19%), which showed that methanogenic potential, rather than inhibitory effects of the chemical environment, caused the delay. In conclusion, @entity2 emissions from slurry could be reduced by addition of BA to @entity0 diets or by controlling the dietary electrolyte balance, but there was no additive effect of combining the two strategies. However, CH emissions from slurry may increase with acidifying diets.

title: Effects of Acidifying XXXX Diets on Emissions of Ammonia, Methane, and Sulfur from Slurry during Storage.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The reporting of @entity0 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 (HS) emissions from dairies to the federal government depends on the magnitude of the emissions. However, little is known about their daily @entity2 and HS emissions and what influences those emissions. Emissions of @entity2 and HS from two manure storage basins at a 4400-head western free-stall dairy were measured intermittently over 2 yr. Each basin went through stages of filling, drying, and then removal of the manure during the study period. Emissions were determined using backward Lagrangian Stochastic and vertical radial plume methods. Ammonia emissions ranged from 35 to 59 kg d in one basin and from 86 to 90 kg d in a second basin, corresponding to a range of 7 to 19 g d head. Basin @entity2 emissions were highest during initial filling and when the manure was removed. Mean HS emissions ranged from 5 to 22 kg d (1.1-4.6 g d head). Basin HS emissions were highest when the basin was filling. Crusting of the basin surface reduced @entity2 but not HS emissions. The cessation of basin filling reduced HS but not @entity2 emissions. Air temperature and wind conditions were correlated with @entity2 emissions. Barometric pressure decreases were correlated with episodic HS emissions. The variability in emissions with stage of manure handling and storage and meteorological conditions indicates that determining the maximum daily emissions and the annual emissions from such waste basins requires consideration of each stage in conjunction with the climatic conditions during the stage.

title: Manure Ammonia and XXXX Emissions from a Western Dairy Storage Basin.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 may be treated either conservatively or surgically. Although conservative therapy is the first-line treatment, some @entity0 are refractory to it and repeat severe @entity3 . We usually perform lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) for @entity5 @entity0 , and LVA can reduce the frequency of @entity3 . CASE REPORT: A 67-year-old @entity0 who had undergone a radical hysterectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and postoperative radiotherapy for cervical @entity2 at the age 50 years. She developed @entity5 in both legs, and high-pressure compression stockings caused lymphorrhea in the groin and thigh, resulting in recurrent episodes of @entity3 . Lymphoscintigraphy revealed dilation of the lymphatic vessels in both legs. Results of an @entity4 test revealed dermal backflow throughout the lower body. After wearing low-pressure stocking, we performed LVA to reduce @entity3 . After confirming the result of LVA, the @entity0 started wearing high-pressure stocking. The @entity0 underwent a subsequent LVA, 3 months after the first, to further improve @entity1 . The lymphorrhea resolved, and @entity3 did not recur. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of surgical treatment and conservative treatment is important for severe @entity5 treatment. Although conservative treatment is usually said to be the first-line treatment, LVA can antecede in cases refractory to conservative treatment.

title: Combined conservative treatment and lymphatic venous anastomosis for severe lower limb XXXX with recurrent @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 may be treated either conservatively or surgically. Although conservative therapy is the first-line treatment, some @entity0 are refractory to it and repeat severe @entity3 . We usually perform lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) for @entity5 @entity0 , and LVA can reduce the frequency of @entity3 . CASE REPORT: A 67-year-old @entity0 who had undergone a radical hysterectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and postoperative radiotherapy for cervical @entity2 at the age 50 years. She developed @entity5 in both legs, and high-pressure compression stockings caused lymphorrhea in the groin and thigh, resulting in recurrent episodes of @entity3 . Lymphoscintigraphy revealed dilation of the lymphatic vessels in both legs. Results of an @entity4 test revealed dermal backflow throughout the lower body. After wearing low-pressure stocking, we performed LVA to reduce @entity3 . After confirming the result of LVA, the @entity0 started wearing high-pressure stocking. The @entity0 underwent a subsequent LVA, 3 months after the first, to further improve @entity1 . The lymphorrhea resolved, and @entity3 did not recur. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of surgical treatment and conservative treatment is important for severe @entity5 treatment. Although conservative treatment is usually said to be the first-line treatment, LVA can antecede in cases refractory to conservative treatment.

title: Combined conservative treatment and lymphatic venous anastomosis for severe lower limb @entity5 with recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) likely involve dysregulation of multiple genes related to brain function and development. Abnormalities in individual regulatory small non-coding RNA (sncRNA), including microRNA (miRNA), could have profound effects upon multiple functional pathways. We assessed whether a brain region associated with @entity1 in @entity3 , the superior temporal sulcus (STS), would evidence greater transcriptional dysregulation of sncRNA than adjacent, yet functionally distinct, primary auditory cortex (PAC). METHODS: We measured sncRNA expression levels in 34 samples of postmortem brain from STS and PAC to find differentially expressed sncRNA in @entity3 compared with control cases. For differentially expressed miRNA, we further analyzed their predicted mRNA targets and carried out functional over-representation analysis of KEGG pathways to examine their functional significance and to compare our findings to reported alterations in @entity3 gene expression. RESULTS: Two mature miRNAs (miR-4753-5p and @entity4 ) were differentially expressed in @entity3 relative to control in STS and four (miR-664-3p, miR-4709-3p, miR-4742-3p, and @entity6 ) in PAC. In both regions, miRNA were functionally related to various nervous system, cell cycle, and canonical signaling pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling, previously implicated in @entity3 . Immune pathways were only disrupted in STS. @entity5 and pre-miRNA were also differentially expressed in @entity3 brain. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in sncRNA may underlie dysregulation of molecular pathways implicated in @entity3 . sncRNA transcriptional abnormalities in @entity3 were apparent in STS and in PAC, a brain region not directly associated with core @entity2 . Disruption of miRNA in immune pathways, frequently implicated in @entity3 , was unique to STS.

title: Atypical miRNA expression in temporal cortex associated with dysregulation of immune, cell cycle, and other pathways in XXXX .

answer: @entity0