abstract: INTRODUCTION: Regarding therapy and prognosis of acute @entity2 @entity3 the identification of @entity2 penumbra is pivotal. A promising candidate is BOLD-imaging using qT2'-maps. For valid interpretation of experimental studies in animals normal values for qT2' are needed. Normal values in @entity0 at 1.5T already exist. Normal values for cortical and subcortical structures in a spontaneously @entity4 @entity3 prone @entity1 stem (SHR-SP) at a fieldstrength of 3T are reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 39 (20 males and 19 females) spontaneously @entity4 @entity3 prone (SHRSP) @entity1 were examined in a 3T scanner using a dedicated small animal coil. Mean weight was 144.1    8.2g and mean age was 60.2    2.7 days. For the calculation of qT2' multiple echo T2w and T2 w images were acquired. ROIs were placed into deep and cortical grey matter in five different brain regions to obtain values for qT2', qT2 and qT2. RESULTS: Mean qT2' for cortical grey matter was 74.76    33.27 ms and 67.73    17.86 ms for deep grey matter. The 99% confidence interval for cortical grey matter was 69.91-79.61 ms. For qT2 it was 79.02    2.9 ms and 70.45    1.89 ms, respectively. For qT2 it was 34.65    5.25 ms and 31.9    2.9 ms. CONCLUSION: The values for qT2' presented here can serve as reference values for further studies examining the @entity2 penumbra in a @entity1 model.

title: Normal values of quantitative T2' in a spontaneously @entity4 XXXX prone @entity1 stem at 3T.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Regarding therapy and prognosis of acute @entity2 @entity3 the identification of @entity2 penumbra is pivotal. A promising candidate is BOLD-imaging using qT2'-maps. For valid interpretation of experimental studies in animals normal values for qT2' are needed. Normal values in @entity0 at 1.5T already exist. Normal values for cortical and subcortical structures in a spontaneously @entity4 @entity3 prone @entity1 stem (SHR-SP) at a fieldstrength of 3T are reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 39 (20 males and 19 females) spontaneously @entity4 @entity3 prone (SHRSP) @entity1 were examined in a 3T scanner using a dedicated small animal coil. Mean weight was 144.1    8.2g and mean age was 60.2    2.7 days. For the calculation of qT2' multiple echo T2w and T2 w images were acquired. ROIs were placed into deep and cortical grey matter in five different brain regions to obtain values for qT2', qT2 and qT2. RESULTS: Mean qT2' for cortical grey matter was 74.76    33.27 ms and 67.73    17.86 ms for deep grey matter. The 99% confidence interval for cortical grey matter was 69.91-79.61 ms. For qT2 it was 79.02    2.9 ms and 70.45    1.89 ms, respectively. For qT2 it was 34.65    5.25 ms and 31.9    2.9 ms. CONCLUSION: The values for qT2' presented here can serve as reference values for further studies examining the @entity2 penumbra in a @entity1 model.

title: Normal values of quantitative T2' in a spontaneously XXXX @entity3 prone @entity1 stem at 3T.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Regarding therapy and prognosis of acute @entity2 @entity3 the identification of @entity2 penumbra is pivotal. A promising candidate is BOLD-imaging using qT2'-maps. For valid interpretation of experimental studies in animals normal values for qT2' are needed. Normal values in @entity0 at 1.5T already exist. Normal values for cortical and subcortical structures in a spontaneously @entity4 @entity3 prone @entity1 stem (SHR-SP) at a fieldstrength of 3T are reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 39 (20 males and 19 females) spontaneously @entity4 @entity3 prone (SHRSP) @entity1 were examined in a 3T scanner using a dedicated small animal coil. Mean weight was 144.1    8.2g and mean age was 60.2    2.7 days. For the calculation of qT2' multiple echo T2w and T2 w images were acquired. ROIs were placed into deep and cortical grey matter in five different brain regions to obtain values for qT2', qT2 and qT2. RESULTS: Mean qT2' for cortical grey matter was 74.76    33.27 ms and 67.73    17.86 ms for deep grey matter. The 99% confidence interval for cortical grey matter was 69.91-79.61 ms. For qT2 it was 79.02    2.9 ms and 70.45    1.89 ms, respectively. For qT2 it was 34.65    5.25 ms and 31.9    2.9 ms. CONCLUSION: The values for qT2' presented here can serve as reference values for further studies examining the @entity2 penumbra in a @entity1 model.

title: Normal values of quantitative T2' in a spontaneously @entity4 @entity3 prone XXXX stem at 3T.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 plasma cholinesterase was found to be inhibited by @entity4 in a biphasic manner. The faster phase of the inhibition led to loss of approximately 50% of the activity (measured at pH 7.0, 30 degrees C, using 2.5 mM @entity2 ) and was irreversible. Inhibition in the slower phase was reversible by 0.25 M @entity3 . The protective effect of 1 mM @entity1 indicated that the target residue in both phases was localized at the active site. Lineweaver-Burk plots for @entity2 were obtained at different times during the course of inactivation. It was found that for both native and partially inactivated enzymes the plots could be analyzed in terms of two activities showing hyperbolic saturation with the substrate, with Km values of 0.055 +/- 0.015 and 2.0 +/- 0.2 mM. The @entity5 affected the maximal velocities of the component activities, leaving the Km's unchanged. The low-Km component was lost in the first phase of the inactivation. The loss of the high-Km component paralleled the second phase. It was concluded that the active sites in the tetrameric enzyme form two classes, differing in their affinity for @entity2 and their susceptibility to inhibition by the active site-directed @entity5 .

title: Differential reactivity of active sites in @entity0 plasma cholinesterase toward XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity0 plasma cholinesterase was found to be inhibited by @entity4 in a biphasic manner. The faster phase of the inhibition led to loss of approximately 50% of the activity (measured at pH 7.0, 30 degrees C, using 2.5 mM @entity2 ) and was irreversible. Inhibition in the slower phase was reversible by 0.25 M @entity3 . The protective effect of 1 mM @entity1 indicated that the target residue in both phases was localized at the active site. Lineweaver-Burk plots for @entity2 were obtained at different times during the course of inactivation. It was found that for both native and partially inactivated enzymes the plots could be analyzed in terms of two activities showing hyperbolic saturation with the substrate, with Km values of 0.055 +/- 0.015 and 2.0 +/- 0.2 mM. The @entity5 affected the maximal velocities of the component activities, leaving the Km's unchanged. The low-Km component was lost in the first phase of the inactivation. The loss of the high-Km component paralleled the second phase. It was concluded that the active sites in the tetrameric enzyme form two classes, differing in their affinity for @entity2 and their susceptibility to inhibition by the active site-directed @entity5 .

title: Differential reactivity of active sites in XXXX plasma cholinesterase toward @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyse management and outcomes of carotid artery (CA) @entity3 . DESIGN: Retrospective study of the @entity0 in the combat operations in Chechnya (1999-2002) and in peacetime (2003-2009). MATERIALS: A total of 46 @entity0 with missile (27) and stab (19) wounds, who had common and internal @entity5 , underwent an open surgery. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were placed in eight @entity0 with more severe @entity3 . METHODS: Retrospective analysis of @entity0 ' data. RESULTS: CA ligation and CA repair were performed in 9 and 37 @entity0 , respectively. Of the nine @entity0 with CA ligation, five developed @entity2 ; the remaining four @entity0 died (100% of poor outcomes). Of the 37 @entity0 with blood flow restoration, nine @entity0 died and @entity2 persisted in two @entity0 (30% of poor outcomes) (p < 0.05). Among @entity0 with @entity6 , three @entity0 died and two had stable @entity2 (63% of poor results). Of the @entity0 without @entity6 , 10 @entity0 died and five had @entity1 (56% of poor outcomes) (p = 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: CA repair is the method of choice in @entity5 . @entity6 use does not result in a decreased mortality rate or @entity2 reduction in @entity0 with severe @entity3 .

title: Operative management of penetrating XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The surgical results of the 63 @entity1 with @entity3 of the spine, treated in Chiba University Hospital and Chiba Cancer Center in 1977-86, were analyzed. The location of the @entity3 were lung (30.2%), thyroid gland (14.3%), kidney (14.3%), breast (12.7%) and gastro-intestinal tract (9.5%). All @entity1 had intractable @entity5 , and 47 (76%) had @entity4 . 46 @entity1 were treated with posterior procedure, 7 with anterior procedure and 10 with combined anterior and posterior procedure. Anterior and posterior stabilization using implants (instrumentation, ceramics, cement) were undertaken together with @entity3 resection and surgical decompression in past 10 years. In 21 @entity1 treated with laminectomy only, 53% had @entity5 relief, and 48% had improvement of @entity4 . In 42 @entity1 treated with surgical decompression and stabilization, 78% had @entity5 relief, and 54% had improvement of @entity4 . Surgical decompression should be undertaken before complete paralysis develop (degree B on Frankel classification). With multi-disciplinary treatment @entity1 with @entity3 of the spine survived for a significantly longer time. In @entity1 with @entity4 but few visceral @entity2 and in those with @entity3 ( @entity6 , @entity0 and @entity7 ) in which a survival time of longer than 6 months can be expected, operative intervention using advanced surgical technique the quality of the @entity1 's life and let @entity1 support themselves in ADL.

title: [Diagnosis and treatment of secondary spine XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Prophylactic internal fixation (PIF), with a bone plate in either the anterior (over the section defect) or posterior (on intact cortex) position, has substantially reduced the incidence of @entity0 at the donor site of the radial osteocutaneous free flap. This study uses the @entity1 tibia model to compare the effectiveness of new T-shaped titanium plates utilising a unilocking screw system with a 3.5 mm steel plate and bicortical screw fixation system commonly applied for PIF. Forty matched pairs of adult @entity1 tibias were tested in torsion and 4-point bending. An osteotomised bone was significantly weaker (p<0.001) than an intact bone in both bending and torsion with a mean loss of 77% and 64% of strength respectively. The tibia withstood much greater bending loads. All of the constructs significantly strengthened an osteotomised bone by a factor of 1.73-2.43 times in bending and 1.54-2.63 in torsion. The 2.4 mm T-plate in an anterior position (section) was the baseline against which other plates in differing positions were compared. The 3.5 mm T-plate section, @entity2 section and @entity2 cortex constructs had 41%, 30% and 2% greater mean bending strengths respectively but only the 3.5 mm T-plate section result approached statistical significance (p=0.06). In torsion the @entity2 section, 3.5 mm T-plate section and @entity2 cortex constructs had 56% (p=0.01), 27% (p=0.06) and 25% greater mean strengths respectively. When compared to an intact bone the mean bending strength restored by the @entity2 section (84%) and 3.5 mm T-plate section (87%) constructs was greatest and effectively restored the strength to that of an intact bone (100%). In torsion the mean strength restored by the @entity2 section (62%), @entity2 cortex (44%), 3.5 mm T-plate section (40%) and 2.4 mm T-plate (36%) remained significantly less than an intact bone. All of the plate constructs significantly strengthened an osteotomised bone but overall the 3.5 mm T-plate section and @entity2 section were the strongest constructs and most suitable for PIF. The lighter 2.4 mm T-shaped titanium plate was least effective. The strongest reinforcement in bending and torsion was the 3.5 mm T-plate section and @entity2 section respectively. The 3.5 mm @entity2 section plate was significantly stronger (p=0.01) than the 3.5 mm T-plate in torsion and remains the most effective construct for resisting torsional stresses, which are probably the commonest cause of @entity0 in clinical practice.

title: Biomechanical study of a unilocking T-plate system for prophylactic internal fixation of the radial osteocutaneous donor site using the XXXX tibia model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The incidence of @entity2 of the gastrointestinal tract has remained the same, but @entity3 are gradually contributing a larger percentage of @entity6 . The authors have examined their more recent experience with these relatively rare lesions. Twenty-eight @entity0 (13 with @entity5 , 15 with @entity2 ) have been treated at the Vanderbilt University and the Metropolitan Nashville General Hospital since 1976. There were eight @entity0 in the group with @entity5 and six in the group with @entity2 . The average age for @entity0 with @entity5 was 66 years; the average age was 57 years in the @entity0 with @entity2 . Seven @entity0 with @entity5 and eight @entity0 with @entity2 had been treated for 6 months to 3 years for presumed @entity7 . Eight of these 15 @entity0 were found to have perforated @entity1 at the time of surgical exploration. Three @entity0 (all in the group with @entity2 ) had metastatic @entity4 or peritoneal implants at the time of diagnosis. Treatment for most @entity0 included resection of the @entity1 , followed by chemotherapy or radiation in cases of @entity1 perforation or metastatic disease. The survival rate for @entity0 with @entity5 has averaged 5.5 years, with a 55% 5-year survival rate. @entity0 with cleaved cell @entity1 survived longer than those with other types of @entity5 . In the group with @entity2 , the survival rate has been 3.1 years on the average, with a 21% 5-year survival rate.

title: XXXX and @entity2 . A case for aggressive search and destroy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The incidence of @entity2 of the gastrointestinal tract has remained the same, but @entity3 are gradually contributing a larger percentage of @entity6 . The authors have examined their more recent experience with these relatively rare lesions. Twenty-eight @entity0 (13 with @entity5 , 15 with @entity2 ) have been treated at the Vanderbilt University and the Metropolitan Nashville General Hospital since 1976. There were eight @entity0 in the group with @entity5 and six in the group with @entity2 . The average age for @entity0 with @entity5 was 66 years; the average age was 57 years in the @entity0 with @entity2 . Seven @entity0 with @entity5 and eight @entity0 with @entity2 had been treated for 6 months to 3 years for presumed @entity7 . Eight of these 15 @entity0 were found to have perforated @entity1 at the time of surgical exploration. Three @entity0 (all in the group with @entity2 ) had metastatic @entity4 or peritoneal implants at the time of diagnosis. Treatment for most @entity0 included resection of the @entity1 , followed by chemotherapy or radiation in cases of @entity1 perforation or metastatic disease. The survival rate for @entity0 with @entity5 has averaged 5.5 years, with a 55% 5-year survival rate. @entity0 with cleaved cell @entity1 survived longer than those with other types of @entity5 . In the group with @entity2 , the survival rate has been 3.1 years on the average, with a 21% 5-year survival rate.

title: @entity3 and XXXX . A case for aggressive search and destroy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate the incidence, mechanism, and clinical implications of atrioventricular (AV) block during catheter radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI). Although RF ablation of @entity3 is the most frequently performed ablation procedure, data on the incidence and significance of an @entity1 occurring during the procedure are scarce. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive @entity0 (n=845, 73.5% male) undergoing CTI ablation (913 procedures) between 1998 and 2010 were studied. Data on the occurrence of complete @entity1 (lasting>= 3 s) during the procedure were prospectively collected. Sixteen (1.9%) @entity0 experienced @entity1 , 12 during delivery of RF pulses (Group 1) and 4 (Group 2) during manipulation of catheters in the cardiac chambers. The @entity1 was short lived (<1 min), located in the AV node, and associated with septal isthmus RF lines in 11 Group 1 @entity0 . It was long-lasting and led to pacemaker implantation in one Group 1 @entity0 . @entity1 had an infranodal location in four Group 2 @entity0 , all of whom had a pre-existing complete @entity2 ( @entity2 ). One Group 2 @entity0 had an @entity1 during his two ablation procedures. Permanent pacemakers were implanted in five (0.6%) @entity0 (one from Group 1 and four from Group 2). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 requiring pacemaker implantation following administration of RF pulses at the CTI are rare (0.12%). The occurrence rate of @entity1 related to the procedure and requiring pacemaker implantation is, however, not negligible (0.6%) and mostly affects @entity0 with a pre-existing complete @entity2 .

title: @entity1 during radiofrequency catheter ablation of XXXX : incidence, mechanism, and clinical implications.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: To evaluate the incidence, mechanism, and clinical implications of atrioventricular (AV) block during catheter radiofrequency (RF) ablation of the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI). Although RF ablation of @entity3 is the most frequently performed ablation procedure, data on the incidence and significance of an @entity1 occurring during the procedure are scarce. METHODS AND RESULTS: Consecutive @entity0 (n=845, 73.5% male) undergoing CTI ablation (913 procedures) between 1998 and 2010 were studied. Data on the occurrence of complete @entity1 (lasting>= 3 s) during the procedure were prospectively collected. Sixteen (1.9%) @entity0 experienced @entity1 , 12 during delivery of RF pulses (Group 1) and 4 (Group 2) during manipulation of catheters in the cardiac chambers. The @entity1 was short lived (<1 min), located in the AV node, and associated with septal isthmus RF lines in 11 Group 1 @entity0 . It was long-lasting and led to pacemaker implantation in one Group 1 @entity0 . @entity1 had an infranodal location in four Group 2 @entity0 , all of whom had a pre-existing complete @entity2 ( @entity2 ). One Group 2 @entity0 had an @entity1 during his two ablation procedures. Permanent pacemakers were implanted in five (0.6%) @entity0 (one from Group 1 and four from Group 2). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 requiring pacemaker implantation following administration of RF pulses at the CTI are rare (0.12%). The occurrence rate of @entity1 related to the procedure and requiring pacemaker implantation is, however, not negligible (0.6%) and mostly affects @entity0 with a pre-existing complete @entity2 .

title: XXXX during radiofrequency catheter ablation of @entity3 : incidence, mechanism, and clinical implications.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Sporulation is a developmental variation of the @entity0 life cycle whereby four spores are produced within a diploid cell, with proliferation resuming after germination. The GAS family of @entity1 -anchored glucan-remodeling enzymes exemplifies functional interplay between paralogous genes during the @entity0 life cycle. @entity3 and @entity4 are expressed in vegetative cells and repressed during sporulation while @entity5 and @entity6 exhibit a reciprocal pattern. @entity7 is weakly expressed in all the conditions and encodes an inactive protein. Although @entity3 functions in cell wall formation, we show that it persists during sporulation but is relocalized from the plasma membrane to the epiplasm in a process requiring @entity2 -mediated endocytosis and the @entity8 protein kinase of the p21-activated kinase family. Some @entity3 is also newly synthesized and localized to the spore membrane, but this fraction is dispensable for spore formation. By way of contrast, the @entity5 - @entity6 proteins, which are essential for spore wall assembly, are rapidly degraded after spore formation. On germination, @entity3 is actively synthesized and concentrated in the growing part of the spore, which is essential for its elongation. Thus @entity3 is the primary glucan-remodeling enzyme required in vegetative growth and during reentry into the proliferative state. The dynamic interplay among Gas proteins is crucial to couple glucan remodeling with morphogenesis in developmental transitions.

title: Expression, stability, and replacement of glucan-remodeling enzymes during developmental transitions in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 protein (intracellular @entity0 -dependent @entity3 protease) may play a role in @entity2 metabolism, pancreatic b cell function, and regulation of thermogenesis. Several @entity8 polymorphic sites have been studied for their potential use as risk markers for @entity6 ( @entity1 ). @entity5 are key metabolic regulators that may interact with genetic factors and influence @entity2 metabolism. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine whether the genetic variability at the @entity8 gene locus is associated with the degree of insulin resistance and plasma @entity4 concentrations in subjects with @entity1 . DESIGN: The insulin sensitivity index, @entity2 effectiveness, insulin resistance [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], insulin secretion (disposition index, acute insulin response, and HOMA of b cell function), plasma @entity4 composition, and 5 @entity8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined in a cross-sectional analysis of 452 subjects with @entity1 participating in the LIPGENE dietary intervention cohort. RESULTS: The @entity9 SNP interacted with plasma total @entity7 ( @entity7 ) concentrations, which were significantly associated with insulin sensitivity (P < 0.031 for fasting insulin, P < 0.028 for HOMA-IR, and P < 0.012 for @entity2 effectiveness). The G/G genotype was associated with lower fasting insulin concentrations, lower HOMA-IR, and higher @entity2 effectiveness in subjects with low @entity7 concentrations (below the median) than in subjects with the minor A allele (G/A and A/A). In contrast, subjects with the G/G allele with the highest @entity7 concentrations (above the median) had higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values and lower @entity2 effectiveness than did subjects with the A allele. CONCLUSION: The @entity9 polymorphism at the @entity8 gene locus may influence insulin sensitivity by interacting with the plasma @entity4 composition in subjects with @entity1 . This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00429195.

title: @entity8 interacts with plasma XXXX concentrations to influence insulin resistance in individuals with the @entity1 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 protein (intracellular @entity0 -dependent @entity3 protease) may play a role in @entity2 metabolism, pancreatic b cell function, and regulation of thermogenesis. Several @entity8 polymorphic sites have been studied for their potential use as risk markers for @entity6 ( @entity1 ). @entity5 are key metabolic regulators that may interact with genetic factors and influence @entity2 metabolism. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine whether the genetic variability at the @entity8 gene locus is associated with the degree of insulin resistance and plasma @entity4 concentrations in subjects with @entity1 . DESIGN: The insulin sensitivity index, @entity2 effectiveness, insulin resistance [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], insulin secretion (disposition index, acute insulin response, and HOMA of b cell function), plasma @entity4 composition, and 5 @entity8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined in a cross-sectional analysis of 452 subjects with @entity1 participating in the LIPGENE dietary intervention cohort. RESULTS: The @entity9 SNP interacted with plasma total @entity7 ( @entity7 ) concentrations, which were significantly associated with insulin sensitivity (P < 0.031 for fasting insulin, P < 0.028 for HOMA-IR, and P < 0.012 for @entity2 effectiveness). The G/G genotype was associated with lower fasting insulin concentrations, lower HOMA-IR, and higher @entity2 effectiveness in subjects with low @entity7 concentrations (below the median) than in subjects with the minor A allele (G/A and A/A). In contrast, subjects with the G/G allele with the highest @entity7 concentrations (above the median) had higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values and lower @entity2 effectiveness than did subjects with the A allele. CONCLUSION: The @entity9 polymorphism at the @entity8 gene locus may influence insulin sensitivity by interacting with the plasma @entity4 composition in subjects with @entity1 . This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00429195.

title: XXXX interacts with plasma @entity7 concentrations to influence insulin resistance in individuals with the @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 protein (intracellular @entity0 -dependent @entity3 protease) may play a role in @entity2 metabolism, pancreatic b cell function, and regulation of thermogenesis. Several @entity8 polymorphic sites have been studied for their potential use as risk markers for @entity6 ( @entity1 ). @entity5 are key metabolic regulators that may interact with genetic factors and influence @entity2 metabolism. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine whether the genetic variability at the @entity8 gene locus is associated with the degree of insulin resistance and plasma @entity4 concentrations in subjects with @entity1 . DESIGN: The insulin sensitivity index, @entity2 effectiveness, insulin resistance [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)], insulin secretion (disposition index, acute insulin response, and HOMA of b cell function), plasma @entity4 composition, and 5 @entity8 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were determined in a cross-sectional analysis of 452 subjects with @entity1 participating in the LIPGENE dietary intervention cohort. RESULTS: The @entity9 SNP interacted with plasma total @entity7 ( @entity7 ) concentrations, which were significantly associated with insulin sensitivity (P < 0.031 for fasting insulin, P < 0.028 for HOMA-IR, and P < 0.012 for @entity2 effectiveness). The G/G genotype was associated with lower fasting insulin concentrations, lower HOMA-IR, and higher @entity2 effectiveness in subjects with low @entity7 concentrations (below the median) than in subjects with the minor A allele (G/A and A/A). In contrast, subjects with the G/G allele with the highest @entity7 concentrations (above the median) had higher fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values and lower @entity2 effectiveness than did subjects with the A allele. CONCLUSION: The @entity9 polymorphism at the @entity8 gene locus may influence insulin sensitivity by interacting with the plasma @entity4 composition in subjects with @entity1 . This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00429195.

title: @entity8 interacts with plasma @entity7 concentrations to influence insulin resistance in individuals with the XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Two @entity0 (a 17-year-old male and a 19-year-old female) sustained single gunshot wounds to the abdomen. Given the nature of their wounds and presumed peritoneal penetration they were taken urgently to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy. Both @entity0 sustained multiple intra-abdominal injuries including gastric and small and large bowel perforations. Given the extensive nature of these injuries both @entity0 required bowel resections. Upon further exploration they were both noted to have significant @entity2 from the bony aspect of their sacrum. A surgical hemostat (CoStasis; Cohesion Technologies, Inc., Palo Alto, CA) (4.5-9.0 cm3) was directly applied to the injured area of the sacrum in both cases after standard surgical hemostatic techniques were unsuccessful. After application no further attempts of hemostatic control by standard methods were attempted. In both cases the sacral @entity2 ceased without any further surgical intervention. Postoperatively neither @entity0 rebled from the sacral injuries. Penetrating injuries to the sacrum can be life threatening and difficult to control with standard surgical hemostatic techniques. CoStasis, a new surgical hemostat, was effective in obtaining immediate and definitive hemostatic control. Future prospective trials on the use of CoStasis in @entity1 @entity0 are warranted.

title: A novel approach to the treatment of XXXX to the sacrum.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 are rare with fewer than 30 cases reported in the English literature. The objective of this report is to describe an additional @entity0 found to have a @entity3 and to define the presentation, diagnosis, and management of @entity0 with this rare @entity1 . In our case the @entity0 initially presented with clinical @entity4 and elevated transaminases. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiogram established a mass suspicious for @entity2 ( @entity6 ). The @entity0 was initially managed with an endostent, which was later removed in favor of a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram tube. At the time of surgery successful removal of a firm nodular mass at the area of the ductal bifurcation was achieved and biliary continuity re-established with a Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Pathology revealed @entity1 of the bile duct with one lymph node positive for @entity1 . The @entity0 did not receive any adjuvant radiation or chemotherapy. This case serves to highlight that extrahepatic @entity3 constitute a rare but identifiable subset of @entity5 . Diagnostic workup should include US, CT, and cholangiography. Surgical exploration is universally indicated in physiologically fit @entity0 with operative management to include resection and re-establishment of biliary continuity. Data on adjuvant therapy remain investigational; however, available information suggests that @entity0 with @entity3 have an overall favorable prognosis after aggressive surgical management.

title: XXXX of the biliary tract: treating a rare cause of bile duct obstruction.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 in @entity6 is associated with the progressive failure of multiple organs. This study aims to establish a correlation between the severity of @entity1 and exocrine @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective cohort study pancreatic exocrine function was tested by means of a secretin-cholecystokinin test in 21 critically ill, mechanically ventilated @entity0 with @entity1 according to criteria of the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference Committee (ACCP/SCCM): 11 @entity0 with @entity5 and 10 @entity0 without @entity5 . Data were compared with seven healthy controls. RESULTS: The volume of duodenal fluid was not statistically different in the three groups. @entity1 @entity0 without @entity5 had significantly reduced content of amylase and chymotrypsin in duodenal juice compared with healthy controls (P < 0.01). Secretion of amylase, chymotrypsin, trypsin (P < 0.01 each) and @entity7 in duodenal fluid (P < 0.05) was impaired in the @entity2 @entity0 when compared with the healthy controls. The content of trypsin was different between @entity1 @entity0 and @entity2 @entity0 (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis was significant between the amylase secretion and the APACHE III and SOFA scores (P < 0.01). The SOFA score was also related to secretion of trypsin (P < 0.05). In @entity0 on pressor therapy, use of @entity4 was associated with a significant decrease in @entity7 secretion (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 is associated with secretory @entity3 that is worse in @entity2 than in @entity1 without @entity5 . Impaired exocrine function was significantly correlated to the APACHE III and SOFA scores.

title: Exocrine XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 in @entity6 is associated with the progressive failure of multiple organs. This study aims to establish a correlation between the severity of @entity1 and exocrine @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective cohort study pancreatic exocrine function was tested by means of a secretin-cholecystokinin test in 21 critically ill, mechanically ventilated @entity0 with @entity1 according to criteria of the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference Committee (ACCP/SCCM): 11 @entity0 with @entity5 and 10 @entity0 without @entity5 . Data were compared with seven healthy controls. RESULTS: The volume of duodenal fluid was not statistically different in the three groups. @entity1 @entity0 without @entity5 had significantly reduced content of amylase and chymotrypsin in duodenal juice compared with healthy controls (P < 0.01). Secretion of amylase, chymotrypsin, trypsin (P < 0.01 each) and @entity7 in duodenal fluid (P < 0.05) was impaired in the @entity2 @entity0 when compared with the healthy controls. The content of trypsin was different between @entity1 @entity0 and @entity2 @entity0 (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis was significant between the amylase secretion and the APACHE III and SOFA scores (P < 0.01). The SOFA score was also related to secretion of trypsin (P < 0.05). In @entity0 on pressor therapy, use of @entity4 was associated with a significant decrease in @entity7 secretion (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 is associated with secretory @entity3 that is worse in @entity2 than in @entity1 without @entity5 . Impaired exocrine function was significantly correlated to the APACHE III and SOFA scores.

title: Exocrine @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine prevalence and severity of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) among @entity0 in northern Philippines. Further, to describe and determine the impact of @entity0 -rearing practices and dental visits on @entity2 status. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of 993 @entity0 aged 2-6 years. Caries was diagnosed based on WHO recommendations. Additional behavioral information was obtained from 452 @entity0 aged 3-6 years. RESULTS: Caries prevalence and mean dmft (+/-SD) by age were as follows: 2 years = 59% (4.2 +/- 5.3); 3 years = 85% (7.4 +/- 5.5); 4 years = 90% (8.8 +/- 5.6); 5 years = 94% (9.8 +/- 5.5); and 6 years = 92% (10.1 +/- 5.5). Caries rates mirrored those of developing countries with untreated lesions dominating all ages. Mixed breast and bottle feeding was the norm. Almost half were weaned at more than 2 years old. Majority had toothbrushing practices, but mostly without parental assistance. Toothbrushing was initiated at an average age of 2 years. Only a small proportion had a dental visit, mostly for emergency reasons. Among 3-4-year-old @entity0 , a significant increase in @entity2 levels were noted for those who started brushing at a later age, had frequent snacks, and had a dental visit for emergency reasons. For @entity0 aged 5-6 years, those who went for emergency visits also had significantly more @entity2 . Results indicated an urgent need to (i) increase awareness that @entity2 is a public health problem in these areas, (ii) advocate use of @entity1 as a public health measure, and (iii) increase access to preventive dental services for preschool @entity0 .

title: Early childhood XXXX in northern Philippines.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The divalent cation chelator @entity6 ( @entity6 ), often used to buffer physiological changes in cytosolic @entity2 , also binds @entity5 with high affinity. In a recently published method (Lamboley et al. 2015. J. Gen. Physiol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201411250), the absorbance shift of @entity6 at 292 nm was successfully used to determine the total @entity4 concentrations of various skeletal muscle tissues. In the present study, we show that endogenous @entity5 in @entity1 skeletal muscle tissue can be unknowingly measured as " @entity2 ," unless appropriate measures are taken to eliminate @entity5 interference. We analyzed two @entity1 skeletal muscle tissues, soleus and plantaris, for total @entity4 and @entity3 using either inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- @entity0 ) or the @entity6 method described above. ICP- @entity0 analysis showed that total @entity3 contents in soleus and plantaris were large enough to affect the determination of total @entity4 by the @entity6 method ( @entity4 = 1.72    0.31 and 1.96    0.14, and @entity3 = 0.528    0.04 and 0.192    0.01; mean    standard error of the mean [SEM]; n = 5; mmole/kg, respectively). We next analyzed total @entity4 using @entity6 but included the @entity5 -specific chelator @entity7 ( @entity7 ) that buffers @entity5 without affecting @entity2 / @entity6 binding. We found that estimated concentrations of total @entity4 ([CaT]WM) in soleus and plantaris were reduced after @entity7 addition ([CaT]WM = 3.71    0.62 and 3.57    0.64 without @entity7 and 3.39    0.64 and 3.42    0.62 with @entity7 ; mean    SEM; n = 3; mmole/kg, respectively). Thus, we show that a straightforward correction can be applied to the @entity6 method to improve the accuracy of the determination of total @entity4 that should be applicable to most any tissue studied. In addition, we show that using @entity7 in combination with the @entity6 method allows one to make reasonable estimates of total @entity3 concentration that are in agreement with the direct determination of @entity3 concentration by ICP- @entity0 .

title: XXXX flexes its muscle: Correcting a novel analysis of @entity4 for @entity3 interference uncovers a method to measure @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The divalent cation chelator @entity6 ( @entity6 ), often used to buffer physiological changes in cytosolic @entity2 , also binds @entity5 with high affinity. In a recently published method (Lamboley et al. 2015. J. Gen. Physiol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201411250), the absorbance shift of @entity6 at 292 nm was successfully used to determine the total @entity4 concentrations of various skeletal muscle tissues. In the present study, we show that endogenous @entity5 in @entity1 skeletal muscle tissue can be unknowingly measured as " @entity2 ," unless appropriate measures are taken to eliminate @entity5 interference. We analyzed two @entity1 skeletal muscle tissues, soleus and plantaris, for total @entity4 and @entity3 using either inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- @entity0 ) or the @entity6 method described above. ICP- @entity0 analysis showed that total @entity3 contents in soleus and plantaris were large enough to affect the determination of total @entity4 by the @entity6 method ( @entity4 = 1.72    0.31 and 1.96    0.14, and @entity3 = 0.528    0.04 and 0.192    0.01; mean    standard error of the mean [SEM]; n = 5; mmole/kg, respectively). We next analyzed total @entity4 using @entity6 but included the @entity5 -specific chelator @entity7 ( @entity7 ) that buffers @entity5 without affecting @entity2 / @entity6 binding. We found that estimated concentrations of total @entity4 ([CaT]WM) in soleus and plantaris were reduced after @entity7 addition ([CaT]WM = 3.71    0.62 and 3.57    0.64 without @entity7 and 3.39    0.64 and 3.42    0.62 with @entity7 ; mean    SEM; n = 3; mmole/kg, respectively). Thus, we show that a straightforward correction can be applied to the @entity6 method to improve the accuracy of the determination of total @entity4 that should be applicable to most any tissue studied. In addition, we show that using @entity7 in combination with the @entity6 method allows one to make reasonable estimates of total @entity3 concentration that are in agreement with the direct determination of @entity3 concentration by ICP- @entity0 .

title: @entity3 flexes its muscle: Correcting a novel analysis of @entity4 for XXXX interference uncovers a method to measure @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The divalent cation chelator @entity6 ( @entity6 ), often used to buffer physiological changes in cytosolic @entity2 , also binds @entity5 with high affinity. In a recently published method (Lamboley et al. 2015. J. Gen. Physiol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201411250), the absorbance shift of @entity6 at 292 nm was successfully used to determine the total @entity4 concentrations of various skeletal muscle tissues. In the present study, we show that endogenous @entity5 in @entity1 skeletal muscle tissue can be unknowingly measured as " @entity2 ," unless appropriate measures are taken to eliminate @entity5 interference. We analyzed two @entity1 skeletal muscle tissues, soleus and plantaris, for total @entity4 and @entity3 using either inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- @entity0 ) or the @entity6 method described above. ICP- @entity0 analysis showed that total @entity3 contents in soleus and plantaris were large enough to affect the determination of total @entity4 by the @entity6 method ( @entity4 = 1.72    0.31 and 1.96    0.14, and @entity3 = 0.528    0.04 and 0.192    0.01; mean    standard error of the mean [SEM]; n = 5; mmole/kg, respectively). We next analyzed total @entity4 using @entity6 but included the @entity5 -specific chelator @entity7 ( @entity7 ) that buffers @entity5 without affecting @entity2 / @entity6 binding. We found that estimated concentrations of total @entity4 ([CaT]WM) in soleus and plantaris were reduced after @entity7 addition ([CaT]WM = 3.71    0.62 and 3.57    0.64 without @entity7 and 3.39    0.64 and 3.42    0.62 with @entity7 ; mean    SEM; n = 3; mmole/kg, respectively). Thus, we show that a straightforward correction can be applied to the @entity6 method to improve the accuracy of the determination of total @entity4 that should be applicable to most any tissue studied. In addition, we show that using @entity7 in combination with the @entity6 method allows one to make reasonable estimates of total @entity3 concentration that are in agreement with the direct determination of @entity3 concentration by ICP- @entity0 .

title: @entity3 flexes its muscle: Correcting a novel analysis of @entity4 for @entity3 interference uncovers a method to measure XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The divalent cation chelator @entity6 ( @entity6 ), often used to buffer physiological changes in cytosolic @entity2 , also binds @entity5 with high affinity. In a recently published method (Lamboley et al. 2015. J. Gen. Physiol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201411250), the absorbance shift of @entity6 at 292 nm was successfully used to determine the total @entity4 concentrations of various skeletal muscle tissues. In the present study, we show that endogenous @entity5 in @entity1 skeletal muscle tissue can be unknowingly measured as " @entity2 ," unless appropriate measures are taken to eliminate @entity5 interference. We analyzed two @entity1 skeletal muscle tissues, soleus and plantaris, for total @entity4 and @entity3 using either inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- @entity0 ) or the @entity6 method described above. ICP- @entity0 analysis showed that total @entity3 contents in soleus and plantaris were large enough to affect the determination of total @entity4 by the @entity6 method ( @entity4 = 1.72    0.31 and 1.96    0.14, and @entity3 = 0.528    0.04 and 0.192    0.01; mean    standard error of the mean [SEM]; n = 5; mmole/kg, respectively). We next analyzed total @entity4 using @entity6 but included the @entity5 -specific chelator @entity7 ( @entity7 ) that buffers @entity5 without affecting @entity2 / @entity6 binding. We found that estimated concentrations of total @entity4 ([CaT]WM) in soleus and plantaris were reduced after @entity7 addition ([CaT]WM = 3.71    0.62 and 3.57    0.64 without @entity7 and 3.39    0.64 and 3.42    0.62 with @entity7 ; mean    SEM; n = 3; mmole/kg, respectively). Thus, we show that a straightforward correction can be applied to the @entity6 method to improve the accuracy of the determination of total @entity4 that should be applicable to most any tissue studied. In addition, we show that using @entity7 in combination with the @entity6 method allows one to make reasonable estimates of total @entity3 concentration that are in agreement with the direct determination of @entity3 concentration by ICP- @entity0 .

title: @entity3 flexes its muscle: Correcting a novel analysis of XXXX for @entity3 interference uncovers a method to measure @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: CONTEXT: The airway management requires refined skills and technical help when associated with @entity2 . Airtraq has improved our airway management skills and has been successfully used for rescue intubation in difficult pediatric airways. AIMS: This study was to evaluate the efficacy of Airtraq as the primary intubation device in @entity0 with @entity2 . The study adheres to the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational Studies Epidemiology Statement. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 85 @entity0 posted consecutively for lip and palate repair were enrolled. @entity0 were intubated with Ring Adair Elvin (RAE) tube using size 1 and 2 of Airtraq device. The design of Airtraq has an anatomical limitation to hold RAE tubes. The preformed bend of the tube was straightened with a malleable stylet. The intubations were assessed for device manipulations and time taken for glottis visualization and intubation, airway complications such as @entity1 , @entity3 and failed intubations. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The outcome data were reported as numbers and percentages or range with identified median value, where applicable. RESULTS: The success rate of Airtraq guided intubations was 98.21%. The cumulative insertion times and intubation times were 31.50    12.57 s and 48.04    35.73 s respectively. Airtraq manipulations were applied in 25.45% subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of @entity2 or palate did not hamper the insertion of Airtraq. The use of malleable stylet to facilitate the loading of the preformed tube into the guide channel is a simple and efficacious improvisation. Airtraq can be utilized as a primary intubation device in @entity0 with orofacial clefts.

title: An observational study of the feasibility of Airtraq guided intubations with Ring Adair Elvin tubes in pediatric population with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to review published work for the efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with simulated ECT, ECT versus pharmacotherapy, and different forms of ECT for @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: We designed a systematic overview and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies. We obtained data from the Cochrane Collaboration Depressive @entity1 and @entity4 and @entity2 Group Controlled trial registers, Cochrane Controlled Trials register, Biological Abstracts, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and SIGLE, reference lists, and specialist textbooks. Our main outcome measures were depressive symptoms, measures of cognitive function, and mortality. FINDINGS: Meta-analysis of data of short-term efficacy from randomised controlled trials was possible. Real ECT was significantly more effective than simulated ECT (six trials, 256 @entity0 , standardised effect size [SES] -0.91, 95% CI -1.27 to -0.54). Treatment with ECT was significantly more effective than pharmacotherapy (18 trials, 1144 @entity0 , SES -0.80, 95% CI -1.29 to -0.29). Bilateral ECT was more effective than unipolar ECT (22 trials, 1408 @entity0 , SES -0.32, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.19). INTERPRETATION: ECT is an effective short-term treatment for @entity3 , and is probably more effective than drug therapy. Bilateral ECT is moderately more effective than unilateral ECT, and high dose ECT is more effective than low dose.

title: Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy in XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: The specific recognition of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with or without a @entity0 in a foetus is a diagnostic challenge for prenatal medicine. The aim of the present work is to analyse the value of the measurement of gastric size in the diagnosis of this significant @entity2 . Materials and Methods: Altogether, the examinations of 433 pregnancies between the 18.4 and 39.1 weeks of gestation were retrospectively analysed. 59 of these foetuses exhibited an @entity1 . By means of a linear regression analysis with normal foetuses, significant parameters influencing gastric size were examined. Subsequently the gastric sizes were transformed into z values and a comparison was made between @entity1 with and without fistulae with the help of t tests. Results: In the normal foetuses there was a significant association between the gastric circumference and the abdominal circumference (circumference   =   6.809   +   0.179 * abdominal circumference, r   =   0.686, p   <   0.0001). In the normal group the average was 43.0 (standard deviation [SD] 13.7) mm and those in foetuses with and without fistuale were 33.8 (SD 22.7) and 0.9 (SD 3.7) mm. In 34 (57.6%) foetuses with an @entity1 , the gastric circumference was below the 5th percentile. In detail, there were 13 (34.2%) foetuses with a @entity0 and 21 (100%) without a @entity0 . The average z values in the normal group and in the groups of @entity1 with @entity0 and without @entity0 amounted to 0.0 (SD 1.0), -1.3 (SD 2.2) and -4.5 (SD 1.0). Conclusion: Measurements of the gastric circumference below the 5th percentile should lead to further diagnostic measures, especially when associated with @entity3 . Although @entity1 without a @entity0 is always conspicuous, only about one in three @entity4 with @entity0 are associated with a significantly smaller stomach.

title: Measurement of Gastric Circumference in Foetuses with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 exhibiting deletion of a segment of the long arm of chromosome 11 represents a genetic subtype of @entity1 that is distinct from those exhibiting @entity3 amplification or 1p deletion. The 11q- genetic subtype is further characterized by gain of 17q and loss of distal 3p material. Gain of 11p material has also been reported in @entity2 with 11q loss, but at a considerably lower frequency than gain of 17q or loss of the distal 3p region. Our results, however, indicate that gain of 11p may occur more frequently in 11q- @entity2 than what was previously realized. Comparative genomic hybridization analyses of @entity2 tissue from eleven @entity0 indicated that six of 11 @entity1 (55%) with loss of 11q also possessed gain of 11p. The shortest region of 11p gain was 11p11.2-->p14. G-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis performed on @entity1 cells from primary and metastatic sites from one @entity0 allowed us to infer that gain of 11p arose secondarily to the abnormality that led to the loss of 11q material. Gain of an entire chromosome 7 was detected in 17 of 43 (40%) @entity1 , whereas gain of 7q was detected in 5 of 43 (12%) @entity1 . Unlike gain of 11p, gain of an entire chromosome 7 appears to be prevalent in all @entity1 stages and is not limited to the 11q- @entity1 subtype. Gain of 7q, however, is more prevalent in higher stage @entity1 . G-band cytogenetic analysis indicated that an unbalanced t(3;7) was responsible for the gain of 7q and loss of 3p material in one case. We discuss the possibility that gain of 7/7q, and 11p material may contribute to either tumorigenesis or progression.

title: Are gains of chromosomal regions 7q and 11p important abnormalities in XXXX ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based gene therapy is a promising tool for the treatment of various @entity3 , including @entity6 . However, the tracking of in vivo stem cell migration, distribution, and survival need to be defined for their clinical application. The systemic routes of stem cell delivery must be determined because direct intracerebral injection as a cure for @entity6 is an invasive method. In this study, we show for the first time that near-infrared (NIR) imaging can reveal the distribution and @entity1 tropism of intravenously injected MSCs in an intracranial xenograft @entity2 model. MSCs were labeled with NIR fluorescent nanoparticles, and the effects of the NIR dye on cell proliferation and migratory capacity were evaluated in vitro. We investigated the @entity1 -targeting properties and tissue distribution of labeled MSCs introduced by intravenous injection and followed by in vivo imaging analysis, histological analysis, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We observed no @entity5 or change in the overall growth rate and characteristics of labeled MSCs compared with control MSCs. NIR fluorescent imaging showed the organ distribution and targeted @entity1 tropism of systemically injected @entity0 MSCs. A significant number of MSCs accumulated specifically at the @entity1 site in the @entity4 brain. These results suggest that NIR-based cell tracking is a potentially useful imaging technique to visualize cell survival, migration, and distribution for the application of MSC-mediated therapies in the treatment of @entity2 .

title: In vivo near-infrared imaging for the tracking of systemically delivered mesenchymal stem cells: tropism for XXXX and biodistribution.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: We compared our experience of minimal tissue dissection and target vessel revascularization without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with the standard procedure of total dissection of the heart and complete revascularization with CPB in @entity0 who had elective reoperative coronary artery bypass grafting (redo-CABG). METHODS: We analyzed recurrence of @entity1 and clinical outcome in 118 @entity0 who had elective redo-CABG between January 1995 and April 2002. Seventy-four @entity0 had redo-CABG with CPB, and 44 @entity0 had redo-CABG without CPB. RESULTS: Perioperative outcome was comparable with regard to morbidity and mortality rates. At follow-up, the mean Canadian Cardiovascular Society score was 1.3 +/- 0.6 in @entity0 who had redo-CABG with CPB and 1.7 +/- 0.8 in @entity0 who had redo-CABG without CPB (p = 0.02). At follow-up, @entity0 who had redo-CABG without CPB had a higher rate of recurrence of @entity1 (log rank = 0.001) and higher use of @entity2 (p = 0.015). Target vessel revascularization was an independent predictor of recurrence of @entity1 in younger @entity0 (< 75 years; p = 0.012) but not in the elderly (> or = 75 years; p = 0.142). CONCLUSIONS: In elective redo-CABG @entity0 , minimal tissue dissection and target vessel revascularization without cardiopulmonary bypass did not add significant benefit with regard to perioperative morbidity and mortality. The unsatisfactory relief of symptoms does not seem to justify target vessel revascularization by a less invasive approach. Therefore, this technique should be offered exclusively to @entity0 at high risk with complete revascularization using CPB, such as the elderly.

title: Coronary reoperations: recurrence of XXXX and clinical outcome with and without cardiopulmonary bypass.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The histological and immunohistological features of @entity4 were investigated in @entity0 participating in an ongoing cooperative study of the Societ   International d'Oncologie P  diatrique (SIOP). Of 51 @entity1 , four were the classic desmoplastic variant. In regard to the histological features used to grade @entity1 , considerable inter- and intratumoral variation was observed. The @entity1 with the most pleomorphic and coarsely structured nuclei tended to be neuroblastic, whereas the most delicate and uniform nuclei were found in the @entity1 . Twenty-one of the cases exhibited neuroblastic differentiation in the form of neuroblastic rosettes. Of these, three also contained neoplastic ganglion cells. Of the five @entity4 that were calcified, four contained neuroblastic rosettes in accord with the tendency for @entity3 . In many of the @entity1 , islands of markedly @entity5 ( @entity5 )-positive cells were seen. Although the limited specificity of this marker enzyme is recognized, we believe that this focal intense staining could indicate neuronal differentiation somewhat more advanced than in small @entity5 -positive islands of reduced cellularity, many of which were strongly positive. The nuclei in these island were usually larger and more vesicular than those in the surrounding densely cellular areas. These features and the frequent association with Homer-Wright rosettes suggest that these foci represent a form of neuronal differentiation. Astrocytic differentiation was more difficult to define and required the use of staining for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Six @entity1 contained @entity2 -positive cells that were clearly neoplastic. Many others contained scattered reactive astrocytes and dispersed cells whose neoplastic versus reactive nature could not be defined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX . A histological and immunohistochemical study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The aim of this single centre retrospective study was to assess the outcome of @entity0 after the fixation of slipped @entity2 (SUFE) using a single cannulated screw. Thirty-eight slips, 28 stable and 10 unstable were treated with single in-situ screw fixation. The minimum follow-up was 1 year. The overall adverse outcome in terms of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), chondrolysis and revision surgery for slip progression was 18%, which was considered satisfactory. Slip progression of more than 10   was higher in the unstable when compared with the stable group but not statistically significant. Two out of the nine satisfactorily fixed unstable slips required revision surgery as opposed to none in the stable group. The incidence of @entity1 in the unstable group was 20%. There were no cases of @entity1 in the stable group. The adverse outcome in terms of @entity1 , chondrolysis and revision surgery for slip progression was significantly higher in the unstable group. In our study, results of single screw fixation for SUFE were found to be satisfactory as shown by earlier studies with the unstable SUFEs as expected having a poorer outcome when compared with the stable SUFEs.

title: Single screw fixation in stable and unstable slipped XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Variations of Ki-67, @entity4 , and @entity9 monoclonal antibody reactions in colonic @entity2 may be associated with @entity3 risk. We studied the predictive value of these markers for adverse behavior in severely @entity8 , such as an associated @entity1 , multiplicity of @entity2 , and subsequent development of @entity2 . For this purpose we compared theclinical, gross, and histologic characteristics of highly dysplastic index @entity5 in 42 @entity0 with Ki 67, @entity4 , and @entity9 immunostaining and other molecular markers. @entity5 were removed endoscopically, and severely @entity5 were stained immunohistochemically with Ki-67, @entity9 , and @entity4 protein by the avidin @entity6 conjugate (ABC) technique. Quantitative DNA (QDNA) was analyzed by computer-assisted image analysis. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry showed reversal of normal distribution of nuclear staining from the normal basal position to the upper third of the colonic crypts. This abnormality of immunostaining in @entity2 was the earliest detected by the panel we used. A statistically significant correlation was seen between @entity1 in the index polyp and polyp size (P = 0.003), sessile morphology (P = 0.037), and villous or tubulovillous histology (P = 0.019). In the index @entity2 , @entity4 positivity was correlated with multiplicity at initial examination (P = 0.053), villous histology (P = 0.053), @entity1 (P < 0.003), and recurrence of @entity8 (P = 0.025). Although @entity4 positivity and @entity7 were correlated with @entity1 in the index polyp (P = 0.025), @entity9 positivity was not. However, @entity9 positivity in the index polyp was associated with multiplicity of @entity2 (P = 0.04) as well as recurrence of @entity2 (P < 0.024). In conclusion, in addition to the morphologic and histologic markers already known, Ki-67, @entity9 antibody, and @entity4 protein may be prognostic indicators useful in follow-up of @entity0 with severely @entity8 . @entity9 antibody may identify a field defect in above-average-risk @entity2 -bearing @entity0 .

title: Correlation of Ki-67, @entity4 , and @entity9 immunohistochemical staining and ploidy with clinical and histopathologic features of severely XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Variations of Ki-67, @entity4 , and @entity9 monoclonal antibody reactions in colonic @entity2 may be associated with @entity3 risk. We studied the predictive value of these markers for adverse behavior in severely @entity8 , such as an associated @entity1 , multiplicity of @entity2 , and subsequent development of @entity2 . For this purpose we compared theclinical, gross, and histologic characteristics of highly dysplastic index @entity5 in 42 @entity0 with Ki 67, @entity4 , and @entity9 immunostaining and other molecular markers. @entity5 were removed endoscopically, and severely @entity5 were stained immunohistochemically with Ki-67, @entity9 , and @entity4 protein by the avidin @entity6 conjugate (ABC) technique. Quantitative DNA (QDNA) was analyzed by computer-assisted image analysis. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry showed reversal of normal distribution of nuclear staining from the normal basal position to the upper third of the colonic crypts. This abnormality of immunostaining in @entity2 was the earliest detected by the panel we used. A statistically significant correlation was seen between @entity1 in the index polyp and polyp size (P = 0.003), sessile morphology (P = 0.037), and villous or tubulovillous histology (P = 0.019). In the index @entity2 , @entity4 positivity was correlated with multiplicity at initial examination (P = 0.053), villous histology (P = 0.053), @entity1 (P < 0.003), and recurrence of @entity8 (P = 0.025). Although @entity4 positivity and @entity7 were correlated with @entity1 in the index polyp (P = 0.025), @entity9 positivity was not. However, @entity9 positivity in the index polyp was associated with multiplicity of @entity2 (P = 0.04) as well as recurrence of @entity2 (P < 0.024). In conclusion, in addition to the morphologic and histologic markers already known, Ki-67, @entity9 antibody, and @entity4 protein may be prognostic indicators useful in follow-up of @entity0 with severely @entity8 . @entity9 antibody may identify a field defect in above-average-risk @entity2 -bearing @entity0 .

title: Correlation of Ki-67, XXXX , and @entity9 immunohistochemical staining and ploidy with clinical and histopathologic features of severely @entity8 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Variations of Ki-67, @entity4 , and @entity9 monoclonal antibody reactions in colonic @entity2 may be associated with @entity3 risk. We studied the predictive value of these markers for adverse behavior in severely @entity8 , such as an associated @entity1 , multiplicity of @entity2 , and subsequent development of @entity2 . For this purpose we compared theclinical, gross, and histologic characteristics of highly dysplastic index @entity5 in 42 @entity0 with Ki 67, @entity4 , and @entity9 immunostaining and other molecular markers. @entity5 were removed endoscopically, and severely @entity5 were stained immunohistochemically with Ki-67, @entity9 , and @entity4 protein by the avidin @entity6 conjugate (ABC) technique. Quantitative DNA (QDNA) was analyzed by computer-assisted image analysis. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry showed reversal of normal distribution of nuclear staining from the normal basal position to the upper third of the colonic crypts. This abnormality of immunostaining in @entity2 was the earliest detected by the panel we used. A statistically significant correlation was seen between @entity1 in the index polyp and polyp size (P = 0.003), sessile morphology (P = 0.037), and villous or tubulovillous histology (P = 0.019). In the index @entity2 , @entity4 positivity was correlated with multiplicity at initial examination (P = 0.053), villous histology (P = 0.053), @entity1 (P < 0.003), and recurrence of @entity8 (P = 0.025). Although @entity4 positivity and @entity7 were correlated with @entity1 in the index polyp (P = 0.025), @entity9 positivity was not. However, @entity9 positivity in the index polyp was associated with multiplicity of @entity2 (P = 0.04) as well as recurrence of @entity2 (P < 0.024). In conclusion, in addition to the morphologic and histologic markers already known, Ki-67, @entity9 antibody, and @entity4 protein may be prognostic indicators useful in follow-up of @entity0 with severely @entity8 . @entity9 antibody may identify a field defect in above-average-risk @entity2 -bearing @entity0 .

title: Correlation of Ki-67, @entity4 , and XXXX immunohistochemical staining and ploidy with clinical and histopathologic features of severely @entity8 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy ( @entity3 ) with @entity4 -68 tamponade and 360   endolaser versus 20-gauge @entity3 with encircling scleral buckling (ESB) and an SF6 gas tamponade for the repair of primary @entity2 with @entity1 . METHODS: Prospective, randomized, comparative, interventional study. Eighty-two eyes of 82 consecutive @entity0 were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 treatment groups: 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 -68 (44 eyes, 54%) or 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 (20%) (38 eyes, 46%). The inclusion criterion was the presence of primary @entity2 with at least 1 retinal break between the 4- and 8-o'clock positions. The study protocol involved a minimum of 7 visits: baseline, day of surgery, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperation. @entity4 -68 removal was performed within 12 weeks of the initial surgery. Two surgical procedures were required in the @entity4 group to remove the oil. RESULTS: After the primary procedure, the retina was reattached in 90% (40 of 44) of cases in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and in 92% (35 of 38) of cases in the 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.2, Fisher's exact test). After resolution of redetachments, final anatomical success rate rose to 97% (43 of 44) in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and 94% (36 of 38) in the 20-gauge @entity3 /SB/SF6 group (P = 0.32, Fisher's exact test). Mean final best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 0.40 in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and 0.48 in the 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.31, t-test). Operative time was significantly less in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group (P = 0.002, t-test). No statistically significant difference in the complication rate between the two groups was recorded. CONCLUSION: Twenty-three-gauge @entity3 combined with @entity4 -68 and 360   endolaser and 20-gauge @entity3 combined with ESB/SF6 seemed to have similar efficacy in the repair of primary @entity2 . Supplementary scleral buckling can be avoided using a @entity4 -68 tamponade for @entity2 with @entity1 .

title: Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, @entity4 -68, and 360   endolaser versus combined 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, scleral buckle, and SF6 for @entity2 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy ( @entity3 ) with @entity4 -68 tamponade and 360   endolaser versus 20-gauge @entity3 with encircling scleral buckling (ESB) and an SF6 gas tamponade for the repair of primary @entity2 with @entity1 . METHODS: Prospective, randomized, comparative, interventional study. Eighty-two eyes of 82 consecutive @entity0 were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 treatment groups: 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 -68 (44 eyes, 54%) or 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 (20%) (38 eyes, 46%). The inclusion criterion was the presence of primary @entity2 with at least 1 retinal break between the 4- and 8-o'clock positions. The study protocol involved a minimum of 7 visits: baseline, day of surgery, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperation. @entity4 -68 removal was performed within 12 weeks of the initial surgery. Two surgical procedures were required in the @entity4 group to remove the oil. RESULTS: After the primary procedure, the retina was reattached in 90% (40 of 44) of cases in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and in 92% (35 of 38) of cases in the 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.2, Fisher's exact test). After resolution of redetachments, final anatomical success rate rose to 97% (43 of 44) in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and 94% (36 of 38) in the 20-gauge @entity3 /SB/SF6 group (P = 0.32, Fisher's exact test). Mean final best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 0.40 in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and 0.48 in the 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.31, t-test). Operative time was significantly less in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group (P = 0.002, t-test). No statistically significant difference in the complication rate between the two groups was recorded. CONCLUSION: Twenty-three-gauge @entity3 combined with @entity4 -68 and 360   endolaser and 20-gauge @entity3 combined with ESB/SF6 seemed to have similar efficacy in the repair of primary @entity2 . Supplementary scleral buckling can be avoided using a @entity4 -68 tamponade for @entity2 with @entity1 .

title: Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, @entity4 -68, and 360   endolaser versus combined 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, scleral buckle, and SF6 for XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the anatomical and functional outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy ( @entity3 ) with @entity4 -68 tamponade and 360   endolaser versus 20-gauge @entity3 with encircling scleral buckling (ESB) and an SF6 gas tamponade for the repair of primary @entity2 with @entity1 . METHODS: Prospective, randomized, comparative, interventional study. Eighty-two eyes of 82 consecutive @entity0 were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 treatment groups: 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 -68 (44 eyes, 54%) or 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 (20%) (38 eyes, 46%). The inclusion criterion was the presence of primary @entity2 with at least 1 retinal break between the 4- and 8-o'clock positions. The study protocol involved a minimum of 7 visits: baseline, day of surgery, 1 week, and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperation. @entity4 -68 removal was performed within 12 weeks of the initial surgery. Two surgical procedures were required in the @entity4 group to remove the oil. RESULTS: After the primary procedure, the retina was reattached in 90% (40 of 44) of cases in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and in 92% (35 of 38) of cases in the 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.2, Fisher's exact test). After resolution of redetachments, final anatomical success rate rose to 97% (43 of 44) in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and 94% (36 of 38) in the 20-gauge @entity3 /SB/SF6 group (P = 0.32, Fisher's exact test). Mean final best-corrected visual acuity (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 0.40 in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group and 0.48 in the 20-gauge @entity3 /ESB/SF6 group (P = 0.31, t-test). Operative time was significantly less in the 23-gauge @entity3 / @entity4 group (P = 0.002, t-test). No statistically significant difference in the complication rate between the two groups was recorded. CONCLUSION: Twenty-three-gauge @entity3 combined with @entity4 -68 and 360   endolaser and 20-gauge @entity3 combined with ESB/SF6 seemed to have similar efficacy in the repair of primary @entity2 . Supplementary scleral buckling can be avoided using a @entity4 -68 tamponade for @entity2 with @entity1 .

title: Twenty-three-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, XXXX -68, and 360   endolaser versus combined 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, scleral buckle, and SF6 for @entity2 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is associated with increased resource use. The current study addressed the cost excess attributable to nosocomial @entity1 (NUTI). METHODS: Case-control study conducted in a cohort population. For matching, the Diagnostic Related Group (DRG) to which the episode of case @entity0 was ascribed was used. Then, a further search was conducted in the hospital discharge database with the following parameters: DRG, gender, age, admission date, department, comparison of length of stays, main diagnosis, co-morbidities, number of secondary diagnoses and procedures. Matching was achieved for 64 episodes (71%), and upon them an estimation of costs was performed. RESULTS: The mean length of stay for cases were 15.3 (median: 12) and 12.3 (median: 11) days for cases and controls, respectively (p = 0.0001). The excess of length of stay attributable to NUTI was 3 days (95% CI 1.6-4.7), longer for @entity0 admitted to Medical Departments (5.3 days) than for @entity0 admitted to Surgical Departments (2 days) (p = 0,03). The use of diagnostic resources was significantly higher for bacteriological testing only. The use of antibiotics and fluid therapy was higher among infected @entity0 . Out of the total excess of the estimated costs per episode, 132,047 ptas, 93% corresponded to the increase in hospital stay. Ten @entity0 (15.6%) were responsible for 68% of the total of extra-costs. In 17 occasions (26.6%), the control @entity0 used more resources than the infected @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Nosocomial @entity1 is associated with a resource use directly related to its presence. For the most part, it is related to the prolongation of hospital stay.

title: [Estimating the costs associated with nosocomial XXXX . A case-control study].

answer: @entity1


abstract: The use of more than one right ventricular site for programmed electrical stimulation has been reported to increase the number of @entity0 in whom @entity6 can be provoked. To determine a possible reason for these observations, programmed @entity6 studies were evaluated in 316 @entity0 (185 @entity0 and 131 @entity0 ) with a mean age of 63 +/- 7 years who presented with @entity6 or @entity7 . The underlying @entity2 was @entity5 (81%), @entity1 (15%), @entity3 (3%), and miscellaneous conditions (1%). Programmed electrical stimulation studies employed a six-beat pacing train, at a cycle length of 500 msec with the introduction of one to three premature stimuli at twice diastolic threshold at the right ventricular apex. If @entity6 at the right ventricular apex could not be provoked in a @entity0 , the study was repeated at the right ventricular outflow tract. A total of 36 @entity0 were studied at the right ventricular outflow tract. Eleven (31%) were provoked into @entity6 , while 25 (69%) were not. No difference existed between the QRS, QT, and QTc intervals between those having @entity6 provoked at the outflow tract compared to those without inducible @entity4 at the right ventricular outflow tract. The effective refractory period was 280 +/- 5 msec at the right ventricular outflow tract in those @entity0 not inducible, and 226 +/- 4 msec in those inducible (p less than 0.05). We defined the change in ventricular refractory period as the difference in the effective refractory period at the right ventricular outflow tract minus the effective refractory period at the right ventricular apex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Refractoriness as a determinant of XXXX inducibility in the right ventricle.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical outcome of @entity3 remains unclear. The present study was designed to evaluate the clinical outcome and predictive factors of survival in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 between January 1998 and December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. All @entity0 had @entity6 ; 13 @entity0 had bilateral @entity6 , and 12 @entity0 had unilateral @entity6 . RESULTS: Ten @entity0 presented with @entity1 , 3 @entity0 with @entity2 , and 2 @entity0 with @entity4 . Seven (58%) of 12 @entity0 with unilateral @entity5 experienced progression to bilateral @entity5 during the follow-up period. Eighteen @entity0 (61%) were eventually managed with urinary diversion. In total, 5 @entity0 were managed with percutaneous nephrostomy, and 15 @entity0 with retrograde ureteral stenting. All symptomatic @entity0 responded to urinary diversion. The overall median survival was 5.8 months, and the 6-month and 1-year survival rates were 48 and 32%, respectively. Chemotherapy was found to be the only independent predictor of survival (p=0.0498). Median survival in @entity0 who received chemotherapy was 11.2 months, in comparison to 3.1 months in @entity0 who did not receive chemotherapy (p=0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of @entity3 was extremely poor, particularly when chemotherapy was not administered. The indications for palliative urinary diversion should be determined after considering the @entity0 's symptoms, the expected survival time, the possibility of further chemotherapeutic options, and the current quality of life.

title: Clinical outcome and management of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Reports of two or more anatomically distinct @entity2 types clustering in families suggest the possible existence of a susceptibility-to- @entity2 gene. To determine whether a genetic predisposition accounts for such @entity4 , a retrospective case-control study was conducted in 1976-1979 of 337 southern Louisiana families in each of which a @entity1 @entity0 was used as the proband. A comparison of first-degree relatives of proband families with spouse (control) families revealed a significantly greater overall risk of @entity2 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, p less than 0.0001) in the proband group. Using logistic regression techniques to control for the confounding effects of age, sex, cigarette smoking, and occupational/industrial exposures, relatives of @entity1 probands maintained an increased risk of @entity1 (p less than 0.05). The crude odds ratio of a proband family having one family member with @entity2 was 1.67 compared with control families. Proband families were 2.16 times more likely to have two other family members with @entity2 . For three @entity2 and four or more @entity2 , the risk increased to 3.66 and 5.04, respectively. Each risk estimate was significant at the 0.01 level. The most striking differences in @entity2 prevalence between proband and control families were noted for @entity2 /sinus, mid-ear, and larynx (OR = 4.6); @entity3 , bronchus and lung (OR = 3.0); skin (OR = 2.8); and uterus, placenta, ovary, and other female organs (OR = 2.1). These data support the hypothesis of a genetic susceptibility to @entity2 in families with @entity1 .

title: Increased familial risk for XXXX among relatives of @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Reports of two or more anatomically distinct @entity2 types clustering in families suggest the possible existence of a susceptibility-to- @entity2 gene. To determine whether a genetic predisposition accounts for such @entity4 , a retrospective case-control study was conducted in 1976-1979 of 337 southern Louisiana families in each of which a @entity1 @entity0 was used as the proband. A comparison of first-degree relatives of proband families with spouse (control) families revealed a significantly greater overall risk of @entity2 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, p less than 0.0001) in the proband group. Using logistic regression techniques to control for the confounding effects of age, sex, cigarette smoking, and occupational/industrial exposures, relatives of @entity1 probands maintained an increased risk of @entity1 (p less than 0.05). The crude odds ratio of a proband family having one family member with @entity2 was 1.67 compared with control families. Proband families were 2.16 times more likely to have two other family members with @entity2 . For three @entity2 and four or more @entity2 , the risk increased to 3.66 and 5.04, respectively. Each risk estimate was significant at the 0.01 level. The most striking differences in @entity2 prevalence between proband and control families were noted for @entity2 /sinus, mid-ear, and larynx (OR = 4.6); @entity3 , bronchus and lung (OR = 3.0); skin (OR = 2.8); and uterus, placenta, ovary, and other female organs (OR = 2.1). These data support the hypothesis of a genetic susceptibility to @entity2 in families with @entity1 .

title: Increased familial risk for @entity1 among relatives of XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Reports of two or more anatomically distinct @entity2 types clustering in families suggest the possible existence of a susceptibility-to- @entity2 gene. To determine whether a genetic predisposition accounts for such @entity4 , a retrospective case-control study was conducted in 1976-1979 of 337 southern Louisiana families in each of which a @entity1 @entity0 was used as the proband. A comparison of first-degree relatives of proband families with spouse (control) families revealed a significantly greater overall risk of @entity2 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, p less than 0.0001) in the proband group. Using logistic regression techniques to control for the confounding effects of age, sex, cigarette smoking, and occupational/industrial exposures, relatives of @entity1 probands maintained an increased risk of @entity1 (p less than 0.05). The crude odds ratio of a proband family having one family member with @entity2 was 1.67 compared with control families. Proband families were 2.16 times more likely to have two other family members with @entity2 . For three @entity2 and four or more @entity2 , the risk increased to 3.66 and 5.04, respectively. Each risk estimate was significant at the 0.01 level. The most striking differences in @entity2 prevalence between proband and control families were noted for @entity2 /sinus, mid-ear, and larynx (OR = 4.6); @entity3 , bronchus and lung (OR = 3.0); skin (OR = 2.8); and uterus, placenta, ovary, and other female organs (OR = 2.1). These data support the hypothesis of a genetic susceptibility to @entity2 in families with @entity1 .

title: Increased familial risk for @entity1 among relatives of @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 occurred 161 times in 136 of 1,058 @entity0 undergoing chronic dialysis during a period of 13.7 years. @entity3 occurred during 27 episodes, while pretamponade occurred in 30. Tamponade was less frequent and resolution of @entity5 without invasive intervention more frequent when @entity5 occurred within 2 weeks of initiation of chronic dialysis. Similarly, resolution with conservative therapy was more frequent with first episodes than with recurrences, and when @entity5 occurred within 3 months of initiation of chronic dialysis. The overall survival was 89.7% and was the same irrespective of the duration of dialysis or whether the @entity5 was a first episode or a recurrence. We recommend that @entity0 with @entity5 and no hemodynamic alterations receive intensive hemodialysis, with careful hemodynamic and echocardiographic monitoring, as primary treatment. Invasive intervention is indicated if cardiac tamponade or pretamponade develops, if a @entity4 increases progressively in size, or if a large effusion persists after ten to 14 days of intensive dialysis. In our experience, the invasive intervention of choice is either formal pericardiectomy or subxiphoid pericardiotomy with intrapericardial @entity1 instillation. In our experience, pericardiocentesis has proven to be a high-risk procedure. It is reserved for emergency circumstances, and then is preferably performed in the operating room just prior to induction of anesthesia for @entity2 .

title: Treatment of uremic pericarditis and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examined the characteristics of continuously measured right ventricular (RV) hemodynamic information derived from an implantable hemodynamic monitor (IHM) in @entity1 @entity0 . BACKGROUND: Hemodynamic monitoring might improve the day-to-day management of @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Little is known about the characteristics of long-term hemodynamic information in @entity0 with @entity1 or how such information relates to meaningful clinical events. METHODS: Thirty-two @entity0 with @entity1 received a permanent RV IHM system similar to a single-lead pacemaker. Right ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures, heart rate, and pressure derivatives were continuously measured for nine months without using the data for clinical decision-making or management of @entity0 . Data were then made available to clinical providers, and the @entity0 were followed up for 17 months. Pressure characteristics during optimal volume, clinically determined @entity2 exacerbations, and volume depletion events were examined. The effect of IHM on hospitalizations was examined using the @entity0 ' historical controls. RESULTS: Long-term RV pressure measurements had either marked variability or minimal time-related changes. During 36 @entity2 events, RV systolic pressures increased by 25 +/- 4% (p < 0.05) and heart rate increased by 11 +/- 2% (p < 0.05). Pressure increases occurred in 9 of 12 events 4 +/- 2 days before the exacerbations requiring hospitalization. Hospitalizations before using IHM data for clinical management averaged 1.08 per @entity0 year and decreased to 0.47 per @entity0 -year (57% reduction, p < 0.01) after hemodynamic data were used. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term ambulatory pressure measurements from an IHM may be helpful in guiding day-to-day clinical management, with a potentially favorable impact on @entity1 hospitalizations.

title: Ongoing right ventricular hemodynamics in XXXX : clinical value of measurements derived from an implantable monitoring system.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recombinant interferons have been approved by many national regulatory agencies for treatment of relapsing remitting @entity1 , but widespread discussion continues about their true effectiveness, benefits, side-effects, and costs. METHODS: With the Cochrane Collaboration methodology, we reviewed all published, randomised, placebo-controlled trials of recombinant interferons undertaken in @entity0 with relapsing remitting @entity1 between 1993 and 2002. Our primary aim was to find out whether recombinant interferons reduced the number of @entity0 who had clinical exacerbations and disease progression, compared with placebo. FINDINGS: The seven trials that met our criteria included 1215 randomised @entity0 : data from 667 (55%) were available for analysis at 1 year's and from 919 (76%) at 2 years' follow-up. Interferon seemed to reduce the number of @entity0 who had exacerbations during the first year of treatment (relative risk 0.73, 95% CI 0.54-0.99), but results at 2 years' follow-up were not robust and were difficult to interpret because of the many dropouts. Although the number of @entity0 who had exacerbations (0.81, 0.74-0.89) or progressed (0.70, 0.55-0.88) during the first 2 years fell significantly in the protocol analysis, results were inconclusive after sensitivity analyses for exacerbations (1.11, 0.73-1.68) and disease progression (1.31, 0.60-2.89). Data were insufficient to establish whether @entity2 use and admissions to hospital were reduced in the interferon group. Similarly, MRI outcome data could not be analysed quantitatively. Side-effects were common, and acute toxic effects adversely affected quality of life. INTERPRETATION: Recombinant interferons slightly reduce the number of @entity0 who have exacerbations during first year of treatment. Their clinical effect beyond 1 year is uncertain and new trials are needed to assess their long-term effectiveness and side-effects.

title: Interferons in relapsing remitting XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity5 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity5 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity8 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity6 (175 mg/m2) and @entity4 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity2 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity5 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity3 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity7 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity5 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity5 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity5 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of @entity5 status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using @entity6 and @entity4 in stage XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity5 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity5 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity8 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity6 (175 mg/m2) and @entity4 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity2 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity5 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity3 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity7 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity5 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity5 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity5 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of XXXX status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using @entity6 and @entity4 in stage @entity8 @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity5 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity5 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity8 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity6 (175 mg/m2) and @entity4 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity2 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity5 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity3 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity7 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity5 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity5 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity5 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of @entity5 status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using @entity6 and XXXX in stage @entity8 @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity5 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity5 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity8 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity6 (175 mg/m2) and @entity4 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity2 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity5 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity3 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity7 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity5 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity5 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity5 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of @entity5 status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using XXXX and @entity4 in stage @entity8 @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of @entity5 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anticancer agents. We prospectively evaluated @entity5 alterations in 73 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 ( @entity8 ) submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 received three cycles of @entity6 (175 mg/m2) and @entity4 (60 mg/m2) every 21 days. @entity2 sections were analyzed before treatment for altered patterns of @entity5 expression using immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 83.5% was obtained, including 15.1% complete pathological responses. The regimen was well tolerated with 17.7% grade 2/3 @entity3 and 12.8% grade 3/4 @entity7 . There was a statistically significant correlation between response and expression of @entity5 . Of the 25 @entity1 who obtained a complete clinical response, two were classified as positive (P = 0.004, chi-square). Of 11 @entity1 who obtained a complete pathological remission, one was positive (P = 0.099, chi-square). Discussion The combination is highly effective in locally advanced @entity0 . A negative expression of @entity5 indicates a higher chance of responding to this regimen. The @entity5 status may be used as a biological marker to identify those @entity1 who would benefit from more aggressive treatments.

title: Correlation of @entity5 status with outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using @entity6 and @entity4 in stage @entity8 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Parents often report that young @entity0 have "smelly urine" or a particular urinary odour. There is little evidence that these observations are relevant to the diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). AIMS: To determine whether parental reporting of smelly urine is of any relevance to the diagnosis of @entity1 in @entity0 less than 6 years of age. METHODS: Parents whose @entity0 were having urine collected as part of their admission to a large district hospital were given a simple questionnaire to complete regarding the current smell of their @entity0 's urine. Parents were asked whether their @entity0 's urine smelled different from usual or had a particular smell. Microscopy and culture results of the @entity0 's urine were compared to their parent's questionnaire answers to see if there was a association between parental reporting of a different or particular urine smell and a diagnosis of @entity1 . RESULTS: One hundred and ten questionnaires and urine samples were obtained. Fifty two per cent of parents thought that their @entity0 's urine smelled different from usual or had a particular smell. Only 6.4% of @entity0 were diagnosed as having a @entity1 . There was no statistically significant association between parental reporting of abnormal urine smell and diagnosis of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In determining whether a young @entity0 has a @entity1 , asking parents about urine smell is unlikely to be of benefit.

title: Parental reporting of smelly urine and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Until recently, @entity4 sedation was routinely used in our institution for bone marrow aspirates and lumbar punctures in @entity0 with @entity1 . It has been perceived by many doctors and nurses as being well tolerated by @entity0 and their families. AIM: To compare the efficacy of inhalational general anaesthesia and @entity4 sedation for these procedures. METHODS: A total of 96 @entity0 with @entity1 , who received either inhalational general anaesthesia with @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity2 (GA) or sedation with oral or nasal @entity4 (SED) as part of their routine preparation for procedures were studied. The experiences of these @entity0 were examined during their current procedure and during their first ever procedure. Main outcome measures were the degree of physical restraint used on the @entity0 , and the levels of distress and @entity3 experienced by the @entity0 during the current procedure and during the first procedure. The family's preference for future procedures was also determined. RESULTS: During 102 procedures under GA, restraint was needed on four occasions (4%) when the anaesthetic mask was first applied, minimal @entity3 was reported, and @entity0 were reported as distressed about 25% of the time. During 80 SED procedures, restraint was required in 94%, firm restraint was required in 66%, the @entity0 could not be restrained in 14%, median @entity3 score was 6 (scale 0 (no @entity3 ) to 6 (maximum @entity3 )), and 90% of the parents reported distress in their @entity0 . Ninety per cent of families wanted GA for future procedures. Many families reported dissatisfaction with the sedation regime and raised concerns about the restraint used on their @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: This general anaesthetic regime minimised the need for restraint and was associated with low levels of @entity3 and distress. The sedation regime, by contrast, was much less effective. There was a significant disparity between the perceptions of health professionals and those of families with respect to how @entity0 coped with @entity3 .

title: General anaesthesia or conscious sedation for XXXX in @entity1 : the family's perspective.

answer: @entity3