abstract: Comparative effects of four @entity3 synthesis inhibitors (PGSI) on the acutely obstructed kidney were studied using an intact @entity1 model. Trigonal vesicostomies were @entity6 were @entity0 . After recovery, experiments were run at weekly intervals with one drug administered each week in a random fashion. @entity2 was obtained using a Fogarty balloon catheter passed retrogradely into the distal ureter and inflated. When renal pelvic pressure reached 80 cm./ @entity4 the designated PGSI was given and a repeat dose was given 30 minutes later. Mean blood pressure was also monitored during several experiments. With the first dose significant decreases in renal pelvic pressure were obtained with all drugs tested. Only @entity5 showed a significant further decrease with the second dose. @entity5 showed the greatest decrease in pressure with the first dose, which was significantly greater than the other drugs tested. There was no association between mean blood pressure changes and the nadir of renal pelvic pressure.

title: Comparative effects of four XXXX synthesis inhibitors on the obstructed kidney in the @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Comparative effects of four @entity3 synthesis inhibitors (PGSI) on the acutely obstructed kidney were studied using an intact @entity1 model. Trigonal vesicostomies were @entity6 were @entity0 . After recovery, experiments were run at weekly intervals with one drug administered each week in a random fashion. @entity2 was obtained using a Fogarty balloon catheter passed retrogradely into the distal ureter and inflated. When renal pelvic pressure reached 80 cm./ @entity4 the designated PGSI was given and a repeat dose was given 30 minutes later. Mean blood pressure was also monitored during several experiments. With the first dose significant decreases in renal pelvic pressure were obtained with all drugs tested. Only @entity5 showed a significant further decrease with the second dose. @entity5 showed the greatest decrease in pressure with the first dose, which was significantly greater than the other drugs tested. There was no association between mean blood pressure changes and the nadir of renal pelvic pressure.

title: Comparative effects of four @entity3 synthesis inhibitors on the obstructed kidney in the XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Previous reports suggest that the finding of left atrial (LA) dilatation (greater than 45 mm) by echocardiography identifies @entity0 not likely to maintain sinus rhythm after conversion of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, these studies antedate the availability of @entity4 , an antiarrhythmic agent that reportedly is effective in @entity0 with @entity3 in whom other drug therapy has failed. To analyze the relation between LA size and the ability to maintain sinus rhythm with @entity4 therapy, 28 @entity0 , aged 32 to 87 years (mean 61), with an LA dimension greater than 45 mm (range 46 to 78, mean 57) were studied. Thirteen @entity0 (46%) had @entity2 , 10 (36%) dilated @entity1 and 5 (18%) miscellaneous disorders. In 25 @entity0 (89%) @entity5 therapy had failed. After therapy with @entity4 , sinus rhythm returned in all @entity0 and was maintained. Therapy was judged completely successful in 10 @entity0 (alive and still in sinus rhythm with at least 1 year of follow-up), partially successful in 11 (maintaining sinus rhythm for at least 6 months before a change in status) and failed in 7. Completely successful therapy was accomplished in 9 of 18 @entity0 with an LA dimension between 46 and 60 mm, but in only 1 of 10 @entity0 with an LA dimension greater than 60 mm (p less than 0.05). Thus, @entity0 with LA dimensions between 46 and 60 mm who are significantly compromised by @entity3 can often be maintained in sinus rhythm with @entity4 therapy. However, in @entity0 with larger LA dimensions. @entity3 is likely to return despite aggressive antiarrhythmic therapy with @entity4 , a drug with potentially serious side effects.

title: XXXX for maintenance of sinus rhythm after conversion of @entity3 in the setting of a dilated left atrium.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Previous reports suggest that the finding of left atrial (LA) dilatation (greater than 45 mm) by echocardiography identifies @entity0 not likely to maintain sinus rhythm after conversion of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, these studies antedate the availability of @entity4 , an antiarrhythmic agent that reportedly is effective in @entity0 with @entity3 in whom other drug therapy has failed. To analyze the relation between LA size and the ability to maintain sinus rhythm with @entity4 therapy, 28 @entity0 , aged 32 to 87 years (mean 61), with an LA dimension greater than 45 mm (range 46 to 78, mean 57) were studied. Thirteen @entity0 (46%) had @entity2 , 10 (36%) dilated @entity1 and 5 (18%) miscellaneous disorders. In 25 @entity0 (89%) @entity5 therapy had failed. After therapy with @entity4 , sinus rhythm returned in all @entity0 and was maintained. Therapy was judged completely successful in 10 @entity0 (alive and still in sinus rhythm with at least 1 year of follow-up), partially successful in 11 (maintaining sinus rhythm for at least 6 months before a change in status) and failed in 7. Completely successful therapy was accomplished in 9 of 18 @entity0 with an LA dimension between 46 and 60 mm, but in only 1 of 10 @entity0 with an LA dimension greater than 60 mm (p less than 0.05). Thus, @entity0 with LA dimensions between 46 and 60 mm who are significantly compromised by @entity3 can often be maintained in sinus rhythm with @entity4 therapy. However, in @entity0 with larger LA dimensions. @entity3 is likely to return despite aggressive antiarrhythmic therapy with @entity4 , a drug with potentially serious side effects.

title: @entity4 for maintenance of sinus rhythm after conversion of XXXX in the setting of a dilated left atrium.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 are costly and challenging conditions to treat. Although recent studies that have tested pharmacological and electrical stimulation for these conditions are promising, the optimal intervention, mechanisms of action and side effects of these experimental therapies are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the clinical results of treatments for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from the last 10 years. METHODS: MEDLINE, LILACS and SCOPUS were searched as data sources. Because the potential bias when search is limited to databases of peer-reviewed journals, reference lists were examined and experts in the field were contacted for other relevant or unpublished articles (i.e. negative studies). No negative unpublished studies were found. Studies were included related to therapeutic interventions in adult @entity1 or @entity1 @entity0 at least 3 and 12 months after non-traumatic and traumatic injuries, respectively. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The following interventions were reviewed: levodopa, @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity3 , dorsal column stimulation and deep brain stimulation. CONCLUSIONS: The adverse effects that were associated with these treatments were typically mild. Most of the studies demonstrated considerable improvements with the interventions, but their low strength of evidence limit the generalizability of the findings.

title: Pharmacological and electrical stimulation in XXXX : new insights and future directions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the early outcome following endovascular repair of @entity2 using fenestrated stent-grafts and to determine if the number of fenestrations required is predicative of outcome. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 20 consecutive @entity0 (18 @entity0 ; mean age of 75    7 years) treated with stent-grafts containing either  <= 2 fenestrations (n = 10, group 1) or 3 fenestrations (n = 10, group 2). Target vessels also included those accommodated by a scallop (renal artery or superior mesenteric artery in group 1 and the celiac artery in group 2). RESULTS: Comorbidities were similar in both groups. @entity1 size [median 6.9 (IQR 6.7-8.3) versus 6.0 cm (IQR 5.8-6.6), p = 0.03], procedure time (mean 6.6    2.1 versus 4.6    1.7 hours, p = 0.04), and intensive care stay [median 4.5 (IQR 2-14) versus 2 (IQR 1-3) days, p = 0.07] were greater in group 2. There were 2 postoperative deaths, both in group 2. Morbidity was significant and similar in both groups (4 @entity0 in group 1 and 3 @entity0 in group 2), including 1 @entity0 requiring long-term hemodialysis. Target vessel preservation was similar in both groups (96% overall). There were 2 @entity3 (one in each group) and no type I or III endoleak. CONCLUSION: Triple-fenestrated stent-grafts allow @entity0 with extensive @entity1 and significant comorbidity to be treated by endovascular means. Although the number of @entity0 treated was small, which limited the validity of the comparison, longer procedures and greater early morbidity and mortality were seen in the triple-fenestrated group. At present, the procedures are technically more demanding and associated with increased risk compared with double or single fenestrations, but the technology continues to evolve.

title: Early outcome following endovascular repair of XXXX : triple- versus double- or single-fenestrated stent-grafts.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fifty-two @entity0 with infantile @entity1 had surgery for their @entity1 between two and seven years of age. Another 49 had similar surgery before the age of two years. Of these 101 operated @entity0 , the @entity1 in 70 @entity0 was aligned to within 10 prism diopters. The @entity0 with successful alignment were reviewed to study the effect of early versus late surgical intervention of their deviation, i.e. before and after two years of age. The motor and sensory states of the selected @entity0 were analysed before and after surgical correction. The choice and number of surgical procedures employed are discussed. It appears that @entity0 two years and older when strabismus was surgically corrected have a good chance of alignment, but less chance of attaining binocularity. In many cases there was a V-pat-tern @entity1 , requiring surgery on the overacting inferior oblique muscles. In comparison, the younger group with earlier surgery appeared to show a better chance of attaining binocularity and fewer @entity0 had significant V-pattern requiring surgery on the inferior oblique muscles.

title: Early versus late alignment of infantile XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 28-year-old female presented with a left @entity8 , after indirect @entity3 , with no @entity2 or @entity6 . She had @entity4 , a @entity10 and excyclotropia on right downgaze. Three months later the trochlear palsy had been replaced by @entity9 : a deficit of elevation in adduction, with @entity4 , incyclotropia and @entity10 in up-gaze. The @entity7 remained the same over a period of 18 months. A 31-year-old male suffered from severe @entity1 with @entity5 and @entity8 . Three years later, he had a bilateral trochlear palsy with bilateral severe @entity9 , with a right @entity10 and 10   to 25   incyclotropia in upgaze and 5   to 10   excyclotropia in downgaze. The field of binocular vision was shifted to left gaze. Orbital CT scan was normal. At surgery, the forced duction test was positive for @entity9 on both sides and the tendon of the superior oblique muscle of the right eye was thickened. The field of binocular vision was centralized after surgery but torsional @entity4 in upgaze and downgaze was present as before. Secondary @entity9 after (persisting or vanishing) @entity8 without any direct @entity0 to the superior oblique muscles or the orbit could be caused by a fibrotic reaction of the superior oblique tendon or adjacent structures. This could be due to inactivity or to indirect @entity0 .

title: Spontaneous consecutive XXXX following @entity8 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: A 28-year-old female presented with a left @entity8 , after indirect @entity3 , with no @entity2 or @entity6 . She had @entity4 , a @entity10 and excyclotropia on right downgaze. Three months later the trochlear palsy had been replaced by @entity9 : a deficit of elevation in adduction, with @entity4 , incyclotropia and @entity10 in up-gaze. The @entity7 remained the same over a period of 18 months. A 31-year-old male suffered from severe @entity1 with @entity5 and @entity8 . Three years later, he had a bilateral trochlear palsy with bilateral severe @entity9 , with a right @entity10 and 10   to 25   incyclotropia in upgaze and 5   to 10   excyclotropia in downgaze. The field of binocular vision was shifted to left gaze. Orbital CT scan was normal. At surgery, the forced duction test was positive for @entity9 on both sides and the tendon of the superior oblique muscle of the right eye was thickened. The field of binocular vision was centralized after surgery but torsional @entity4 in upgaze and downgaze was present as before. Secondary @entity9 after (persisting or vanishing) @entity8 without any direct @entity0 to the superior oblique muscles or the orbit could be caused by a fibrotic reaction of the superior oblique tendon or adjacent structures. This could be due to inactivity or to indirect @entity0 .

title: Spontaneous consecutive @entity7 following XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether white and black Medicare beneficiaries have different rates of cardiac procedure utilization or long-term survival after @entity2 . METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 5948 elderly Medicare beneficiaries (5429 white and 519 black) were identified who survived to hospital discharge between 1990 and 1999 after admission for @entity2 . Demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical information about these @entity0 was obtained from Medicare administrative files, the US census, and the American Hospital Association's annual institutional survey. A Cox proportional hazard model that included demographic and clinical predictors indicated a hazard ratio for mortality of 1.30 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.55) for blacks aged 66 to 74 years compared with whites of the same age. The addition of cardiac procedures to this model lowered the hazard ratio for blacks to 1.23 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.46). In analyses stratified by race, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) had a mortality hazard ratio of 0.53 (95% CI 0.45 to 0.62) for white @entity0 and 0.50 (95% CI 0.27 to 0.91) for black @entity0 . Logistic regression models that compared procedure rates between races indicated odds ratios for blacks aged 66 to 74 years of 0.58 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.94) to receive an @entity3 and 0.50 (95% CI 0.34 to 0.75) to receive either revascularization or an @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: There is racial disparity in long-term mortality among elderly @entity2 survivors. Both black and white @entity0 benefited from @entity3 implantation, but blacks were less likely to undergo this potentially life-saving procedure. Lower rates of cardiac procedures may explain in part the lower survival rates among black @entity0 .

title: Racial disparity in cardiac procedures and mortality among long-term survivors of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Intestinal biopsy is an essential procedure in the diagnosis of @entity2 's milk @entity4 . The number and timing of biopsies, however, is still controversial. Twenty-two @entity0 who were clinically suspected of having @entity2 's milk protein intolerance were put on a milk-free diet, during which they all improved. In the first 14 @entity0 (Group I), milk withdrawal lasted 6-8 weeks; in the following 8 @entity0 (Group II), milk withdrawal lasted 3.5-4 months. At the end of the withdrawal period, each @entity0 was submitted to an oral @entity3 tolerance test and then to a first jejunal biopsy, followed by a @entity2 's milk challenge, and a second biopsy (1-2 days later). None of the @entity0 showed evidence of @entity3 intolerance, but they all reacted adversely to milk reintroduction. In Group I, the distribution of mucosae from grade 0 (normal) to III was almost the same before and after challenge (p greater than 0.5); this is considered to be due to the severe @entity1 still present in prechallenge biopsies. In Group II, however, a significant difference was found in the distribution of mucosae before and after challenge (p less than 0.05), and a deterioration could be observed in each case after challenge. Intraepithelial lymphocyte counts and mitotic index determinations before and after milk reintroduction were of no diagnostic value in either group. It is suggested that the diagnosis of @entity2 's milk @entity4 may rely on two biopsies, the first after a period of 3.5-4 months on milk-free diet and the second following milk challenge.

title: @entity2 's milk XXXX : number and timing of biopsies for diagnosis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Intestinal biopsy is an essential procedure in the diagnosis of @entity2 's milk @entity4 . The number and timing of biopsies, however, is still controversial. Twenty-two @entity0 who were clinically suspected of having @entity2 's milk protein intolerance were put on a milk-free diet, during which they all improved. In the first 14 @entity0 (Group I), milk withdrawal lasted 6-8 weeks; in the following 8 @entity0 (Group II), milk withdrawal lasted 3.5-4 months. At the end of the withdrawal period, each @entity0 was submitted to an oral @entity3 tolerance test and then to a first jejunal biopsy, followed by a @entity2 's milk challenge, and a second biopsy (1-2 days later). None of the @entity0 showed evidence of @entity3 intolerance, but they all reacted adversely to milk reintroduction. In Group I, the distribution of mucosae from grade 0 (normal) to III was almost the same before and after challenge (p greater than 0.5); this is considered to be due to the severe @entity1 still present in prechallenge biopsies. In Group II, however, a significant difference was found in the distribution of mucosae before and after challenge (p less than 0.05), and a deterioration could be observed in each case after challenge. Intraepithelial lymphocyte counts and mitotic index determinations before and after milk reintroduction were of no diagnostic value in either group. It is suggested that the diagnosis of @entity2 's milk @entity4 may rely on two biopsies, the first after a period of 3.5-4 months on milk-free diet and the second following milk challenge.

title: XXXX 's milk @entity4 : number and timing of biopsies for diagnosis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to retrospectively compare the efficacy and @entity1 of the @entity7 + @entity11 ( @entity11 ) + @entity13 (LV) regimen [modified (m)FOLFOX-6] with that of the @entity8 + @entity6 + @entity11 regimen (DCF) in @entity0 with advanced @entity3 (AGC). A total of 72 @entity0 received DCF (75 mg/m(2) @entity8 and 75 mg/m(2) @entity6 on day 1 and 750 mg/m(2) @entity11 on days 1-5) every 21 days, whereas 54 @entity0 received mFOLFOX-6 (85 mg/m(2) @entity7 and 400 mg/m(2) LV as a 2-h infusion, followed by a @entity11 bolus of 400 mg/m(2) and 2,400 mg/m(2) @entity11 as a 46-h continuous infusion) every 14 days. In the DCF arm, 55 (76.4%) of the @entity0 received prophylactic @entity9 ( @entity9 ), 48-72 h following completion of chemotherapy. The median follow-up of the study was 12.1 months. The overall response rate (ORR) was 37.0% for mFOLFOX-6 and 40.3% for DCF (P=0.72). The median time to progression was 6.5 and 6.2 months in the mFOLFOX-6 and DCF arms, respectively (P=0.70). The median overall survival was 11.4 and 13.5 months in the mFOLFOX-6 and DCF arms, respectively (P=0.72). The rates of @entity12 did not differ between the two arms. However, in the subgroup analysis, grade 3-4 @entity10 and @entity10 were significantly more common among @entity0 who had not received @entity9 prophylaxis in the DCF arm. The incidence of grade 3-4 @entity4 / @entity5 and @entity2 were significantly higher in the DCF arm. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the efficacy of the mFOLFOX-6 regimen was comparable to that of the DCF regimen in AGC @entity0 . In addition, the benefit of @entity9 prophylaxis in conjunction with the DCF regimen was demonstrated.

title: Comparative analysis of the efficacy and safety of modified FOLFOX-6 and DCF regimens as first-line treatment in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: No randomized studies exist comparing pneumonectomy (PN) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We evaluated surgical results and long-term quality of life in @entity0 operated on for central @entity3 ( @entity3 ) using either @entity4 or PN. METHODS: A total of 641 @entity3 @entity0 underwent surgery 2000-2010. @entity4 was performed in 40 (6.2%) and PN in 67 (10.5%). In 2011, all surviving @entity0 were sent a 15D Quality of Life Questionnaire which 83% replied. Propensity-score-matching analysis was utilized to compare the groups. RESULTS: Thirty-two bronchial (18 right/14 left), seven vasculobronchial (3 right/4 left), one right wedge @entity4 , and 18 right and 22 left PN were performed. Preoperatively, the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and diffusion capacity did not differ between groups. The perioperative complication rate and pattern were similar, but @entity4 group had less major complications (P<0.027). One perioperative @entity2 (2.5%) occurred in @entity4 group and four (6%) in PN. The 90-day mortality rate was 5% (n=2) for @entity4 and 7.5% (n=5) for PN. In the follow-up total @entity1 recurrence did not differ (P=0.187). Quality of life measured by 15D showed no significant difference in separate dimensions or total score, except tendency to favor @entity4 in moving or breathing. The 5-year survival did not differ between groups (P=0.458), but no deaths were observed in @entity4 group after 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Due to less major operative complications and better long-term survival, we would advocate using @entity4 when feasible, but in @entity0 tolerating PN it should be considered if @entity4 seems not to be oncologically sufficiently radical.

title: Bronchial sleeve resection or pneumonectomy for XXXX : a propensity-matched analysis of long-term results, survival and quality of life.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pulmonary ground-glass opacity (GGO) nodules, which do not grow remarkably, are often observed without treatment. @entity0 coexisting with @entity1 and infection are difficult to diagnose. In this paper, we describe a very rare case of a pulmonary mixed GGO nodule with @entity3 . In 67-year-old female, chest computed tomography (CT) showed a mixed GGO nodule that had not grown remarkably in the right lung. For 6 years, the mixed GGO had been treated as nontuberculous @entity2 . She was referred to our department for further investigation of the mixed GGO. We suspected @entity0 and performed lung segmentectomy. The tissue showed @entity3 . Coexisting nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) delayed the clinical diagnosis. Peripheral lung nodules should be resected or diagnosed as soon as possible, despite manifesting as a slow growth.

title: Pleural dissemination of a mixed ground-glass opacity nodule treated as a nontuberculous XXXX for 6 years without growing remarkably.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Longer-term outcomes of @entity0 with geriatric type II odontoid @entity2 nonunion remain unclear. METHODS: Thirty-four consecutive geriatric @entity0 (>70 years old) with minimally displaced (<50% displacement) @entity2 were treated 24 hours a day for 12 weeks with rigid collar immobilization between the years 2003 and 2011. Radiographic and medical record reviews were performed on all 34 @entity0 . Additionally, 7 @entity0 were available for clinical longer-term follow-up (>4 years). RESULTS: In all, 30 (88%) of the 34 @entity0 had nonunion after 12 weeks of treatment, 2 (6%) @entity0 had union, and 2 (6%) @entity0 died during the first 12 weeks. Twenty-one of the 30 @entity0 with nonunion had a displaced or mobile nonunion (70%), and 4 (12%) @entity0 were lost to follow-up. At longer-term follow-up, 23 (68%) @entity0 had died. The average time @entity3 occurred was 3.8 years with a range of 0.17 years to 9.42 years postinjury. Twenty of the 23 @entity3 were attributed to medical comorbidities not related to the @entity0 's odontoid nonunion. We were unable to determine the cause of @entity3 in 3 @entity0 . None of the @entity0 who died had identifiable clinical @entity4 prior to their @entity3 on chart review. Of the 7 @entity0 who were alive, all were determined to have odontoid nonunion, of which 5 (70%) were mobile odontoid nonunion. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) scores were low (VAS averaged 0.57 and @entity5 averaged 6.9%) and treatment satisfaction was high (averaged 9.7 of 10). Scores for @entity1 and function did not differ significantly when compared to age-matched controls (P = .08, t test). CONCLUSION: Rates of odontoid nonunion are high in @entity0 with @entity2 that are treated with continuous rigid collar for 12 weeks. The majority of @entity0 with nonunion appear to achieve high functional outcomes. In this study, mortality did not appear to be related to adverse neurologic events after treatment.

title: Longer-Term Outcomes of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 who sustain a @entity3 are at increased risk for subsequent @entity3 . Despite the consequences of recurrent @entity3 ( @entity1 ) testing and treatment rates for @entity2 after a @entity3 remain low. The New York University (NYU) Langone @entity2 Model of Care was developed to identify @entity0 at increased risk for recurrent @entity3 and to reduce the rates of subsequent @entity3 through @entity0 and physician education. METHODS: @entity0 aged 50 years and older who had a @entity3 and received their care at NYU affiliated hospitals were contacted via mail after discharge. @entity0 were provided educational materials explaining decreased bone strength and its possible relationship to their @entity3 and were asked to complete a questionnaire. One year postfracture, @entity0 were sent follow-up questionnaires requesting their most recent @entity3 treatment and @entity1 information. Educational material was also provided to the treating orthopedic surgeons. RESULTS: Overall, 524 @entity0 were contacted and 210 (40%) enrolled. By the end of 24 months, 92 @entity0 completed their 1-year questionnaire (44% of the enrollees). Forty-two (46%) @entity0 had undergone new @entity1 testing and 37 (40%) were receiving antiresorptive medications, including 6 (6%) who had not been prescribed these medications before enrolling in the program. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity2 Model of Care is a simple and cost-effective educational program, which improved comprehensive @entity3 care in an actual clinical setting. @entity0 enrollment remains a challenge in implementing the program. Our program highlights difficulties in providing community-dwelling @entity0 with appropriate postfracture care. With increasing concern among the public regarding the use of bone strengthening medications and continued low postfracture treatment rates, educating @entity0 with high @entity3 risk is critical to reducing the rate of subsequent @entity3 . Our Model of Care Program demonstrates both the success and limitations of a postfracture educational approach using discharge diagnosis data to identify @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: The NYU XXXX Model of Care Experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is an organ-specific @entity5 characterized by autoantibody-mediated impairment of skeletal muscle neuromuscular transmission. @entity7 causes significant morbidity and even mortality. We studied the long-term clinical outcome of generalized @entity7 (gMG) @entity0 . METHODS: Records of Chinese gMG @entity0 managed in Queen Mary Hospital from 1997 to 2012 were reviewed. Clinical, serological and radiological characteristics were studied for independent predictors of good long-term clinical outcome. RESULTS: A total of 123 Chinese gMG @entity0 were studied. Their mean onset age was 44.8years (range 7-83years), 87 (70.7%) were female, and median follow-up duration was 114months (interquartile range 67-188months). @entity4 were detected in 45 @entity0 (36.6%). @entity6 receptor autoantibodies were detected in 99 @entity0 (87.6%). Ninety-three @entity0 (75.6%) received immunosuppressant therapy (corticosteroid 75.6%, @entity2 58.5%, @entity3 5.7%, @entity1 5.7%) and 77 (62.6%) received thymectomy. Thirty-five (28.5%) @entity0 experienced @entity7 crisis and two died. Ninety-six (78.0%) @entity0 had good outcome defined by @entity7 Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status (PIS) of complete stable remission (CSR), pharmacological remission (PR) or minimal manifestation (MM) at latest follow-up, whereas 24 @entity0 (19.5%) had intermediate outcome defined by MGFA PIS of Improved (I); 3 @entity0 (2.4%) had poor prognosis defined by MGFA PIS of unchanged (U), worse (W), exacerbation (E) or died of @entity7 (D). @entity2 therapy was the only independent predictor of good outcome (OR 3.57, 95% CI 1.05-12.10, p=0.042). CONCLUSION: 78.0% of gMG @entity0 had good long-term clinical outcome. @entity2 therapy independently predicted good clinical outcome.

title: Clinical outcome of generalized XXXX in Hong Kong Chinese.

answer: @entity7


abstract: An epidemiological survey of @entity7 and their causative fungus flora in Japan for 2011 was conducted in accordance with methods and criteria of the past four surveys. The survey covered a total number of 36,052 outpatients who visited 12 dermatological clinics throughout Japan. The results were as follows. 1   @entity5 was the most prevalent cutaneous @entity1 (2,980 cases) seen in these clinics, followed by @entity6 (378 cases) and then Malassezia infections (152 cases). 2   Among dermatophytoses, @entity12 was the most frequent (1,930 cases : male, 980 ; female, 950), then in decreasing order, @entity5 unguium (780 cases : male, 409 ; female, 371), @entity5 (203 cases : male, 132 ; female, 71), @entity5 (112 cases : male, 86 ; female, 26), @entity5 manuum (43 cases : male, 25 ; female, 18), and @entity4 including kerion (16 cases : male, 13 ; female, 3). 3   @entity12 and @entity5 unguium were seen to increase in the summer season and occur mostly among the aged population. Compared to the last survey, by clinical form, there was a marked decrease in @entity5 @entity0 . 4   As the causative dermatophyte species, @entity9 was the most frequently isolated at about 80 % among all dermatophyte infections excluding @entity4 . @entity10 was about 10 %. @entity11 was isolated in five cases. @entity14 was isolated in three cases, and @entity15 was isolated in only one case. T. tonsurans was isolated in 13 cases. 5   @entity8 was seen in 378 cases (305, male ; 537, female). Intertrigo (298 cases) was the most frequent clinical form, followed by diaporcandidiasis (79 cases), @entity3 (62 cases), @entity2 (46 cases). 6   Tinea versicolor was seen in 97 cases. @entity13 was isolated in 55 cases.

title: 2011 Epidemiological Survey of XXXX in Japan.

answer: @entity7


abstract: AIM: To examine the use of prognostic factors such as age, Glasgow @entity4 Scale (GCS) score, pupil reactivity and computerized tomography (CT) findings for predicting the prognosis of severe @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 in @entity2 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated @entity1 @entity0 who were accepted to Akdeniz University Intensive Care Unit between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2009. @entity0 data were collected from the hospital information system. Marshall CT classification was performed and CT findings were noted. The Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score of @entity0 was calculated according to their 6-months follow up. RESULTS: A total of 101 @entity0 with severe @entity1 were studied. The mean age of the @entity0 was 34.7    14.1 years. Of these, male @entity0 (81.2%) were dominant and road accidents (83.2%) were the most common mechanism of @entity1 development. In addition, poor neurological outcome was detected in 58.4% of the @entity0 and 29 @entity0 (28.7%) died. The mechanism of injury (p = 0.34), gender (p = 0.64) or age (p = 0.34) did not lead to a difference in neurologic outcomes while the GCS score (p = 0.01), pupillary reactivity (p = 0.000), Marshall CT classification (p = 0.01) and the presence of @entity3 (p = 0.04) affected the GOS scores. CONCLUSION: In our study, GCS score, CT findings and pupil reactivity were prominent as prognostic factors, but a relationship between age and prognosis was not observed.

title: Retrospective Analysis of Prognostic Factors of Severe XXXX in a University Hospital in @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To examine the use of prognostic factors such as age, Glasgow @entity4 Scale (GCS) score, pupil reactivity and computerized tomography (CT) findings for predicting the prognosis of severe @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 in @entity2 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated @entity1 @entity0 who were accepted to Akdeniz University Intensive Care Unit between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2009. @entity0 data were collected from the hospital information system. Marshall CT classification was performed and CT findings were noted. The Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score of @entity0 was calculated according to their 6-months follow up. RESULTS: A total of 101 @entity0 with severe @entity1 were studied. The mean age of the @entity0 was 34.7    14.1 years. Of these, male @entity0 (81.2%) were dominant and road accidents (83.2%) were the most common mechanism of @entity1 development. In addition, poor neurological outcome was detected in 58.4% of the @entity0 and 29 @entity0 (28.7%) died. The mechanism of injury (p = 0.34), gender (p = 0.64) or age (p = 0.34) did not lead to a difference in neurologic outcomes while the GCS score (p = 0.01), pupillary reactivity (p = 0.000), Marshall CT classification (p = 0.01) and the presence of @entity3 (p = 0.04) affected the GOS scores. CONCLUSION: In our study, GCS score, CT findings and pupil reactivity were prominent as prognostic factors, but a relationship between age and prognosis was not observed.

title: Retrospective Analysis of Prognostic Factors of Severe @entity1 in a University Hospital in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 , an @entity1 of the sympathetic nervous system, is the most frequent extracranial @entity1 The clinico-epidemiological features of @entity2 in @entity0 and @entity0 were investigated between January 2005 and January 2010 at the Pediatric Oncology units of Mansoura, Zagazig, and Tanta University @entity0 's Hospitals (Egypt). Of 142 cases of @entity2 , 10 were omitted from the study due to defective data. The median age of the @entity0 was 30 months, with 75.8% aged >= 1 year and 24.2% aged <1 year at time of diagnosis. The male-to-female ratio was 1.06. Suprarenal glands were the most common primary @entity1 site (72.7%). The majority of the @entity0 (76.7%) had stage IV disease. Favorable pathology was observed in 43.8% of @entity0 , while 56.2% exhibited unfavorable pathology. The estimated survival rate of @entity0 was 30.7  10.0%, and mean survival time was 24.2  5.2 months. The rate of mortality was 28.6% for @entity0 aged <1 year, and 81.8% for those aged >= 1 year (P=0.005). For @entity0 with favorable pathology, the rate of mortality was significantly lower (28.6%) compared with that of @entity0 with unfavorable pathology (77.8%; P=0.049). Although the association between outcome and each of the primary @entity1 sites, @entity0 's oncology group risk and gender was statistically insignificant, a large effect size was identified between outcome and primary @entity1 site, as well as @entity0 's oncology group risk and a medium effect size was identified between outcome and gender. Additionally, an age of >= 1 year was associated with unfavorable pathology (P=0.024), stage IV disease (P=0.026) and a suprarenal primary @entity1 site (P=0.001).

title: Clinico-epidemiology of XXXX in north east Egypt: A 5-year multicenter study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 is a well-known type of benign bone-forming @entity1 , which has previously been diagnosed using plain radiograph imaging. However, diagnosis of @entity3 may be delayed due to ambiguities on plain radiograph images; despite the increasing use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), this type of misdiagnosis is not uncommon. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of radionuclide imaging scans for the diagnosis of @entity3 , as this form of imaging was proposed to be a more sensitive test. The characteristics of 18 cases of @entity3 were analyzed based on diagnostic imaging and the time from initial recognition of symptoms by the @entity0 to diagnosis. Diagnostic modalities included plain radiograph, computed tomography (CT), MRI and radionuclide imaging. Among the 18 @entity0 , 14 @entity0 had unique positive findings in plain radiographs. The mean duration between initial cognition of symptoms to the diagnosis for these @entity0 was 5.2 months (range, 3.8-9.3 months). A total of 4 @entity0 exhibited no radiographic abnormalities in the initial plain radiographs and were diagnosed a mean of 18.5 months (range, 17-20 months) following the onset of symptoms. Overall, radionuclide imaging was performed on 16 @entity0 and all of the cases demonstrated positive findings. In these cases, 28.6% of @entity3 @entity0 with clinical indications revealed no abnormal findings in plain radiographs. Therefore, in situations such as these, radionuclide imaging may be a useful indicator for diagnosis, as these results have demonstrated that it positively identified all cases of @entity3 . In addition, the results of the present study indicated that if the radionuclide imaging was positive, CT scan was a more valuable diagnostic tool, whereas if the radionuclide imaging was negative, MRI should be recommended for the diagnosis of other undiscovered disease entities.

title: Radionuclide imaging in the diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Twenty-eight @entity0 averaging 36.4 years of age underwent open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon @entity1 . The AO cancellous screw was used alone in 16 and with @entity3 banding in 12. Banding was used when the bone was soft or severely comminuted. The @entity1 were clinically healed at an average of nine weeks and roentgenographic healing with obliteration of the @entity1 line occurred at 13 weeks. Sixty-seven percent acquired full motion by the ninth postoperative week. All but two @entity0 regained full supination and pronation. No @entity0 lost greater than 30 degrees of extension and only two lost greater than 30 degrees of flexion. There were few operative @entity2 . We found the AO cancellous screw alone and in severely comminuted cases in combination with @entity3 band wiring to be an excellent fixation device for olecranon @entity1 . It allows for early range of motion in young @entity0 with excellent healing prospects by 16 weeks.

title: XXXX treated with AO screw and @entity3 bands.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Twenty-eight @entity0 averaging 36.4 years of age underwent open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon @entity1 . The AO cancellous screw was used alone in 16 and with @entity3 banding in 12. Banding was used when the bone was soft or severely comminuted. The @entity1 were clinically healed at an average of nine weeks and roentgenographic healing with obliteration of the @entity1 line occurred at 13 weeks. Sixty-seven percent acquired full motion by the ninth postoperative week. All but two @entity0 regained full supination and pronation. No @entity0 lost greater than 30 degrees of extension and only two lost greater than 30 degrees of flexion. There were few operative @entity2 . We found the AO cancellous screw alone and in severely comminuted cases in combination with @entity3 band wiring to be an excellent fixation device for olecranon @entity1 . It allows for early range of motion in young @entity0 with excellent healing prospects by 16 weeks.

title: @entity1 treated with AO screw and XXXX bands.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess incidence and clinical course of Dutch @entity0 with @entity2 diagnosed before 18  years of age as well as their current symptoms and quality of life (QoL). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective medical chart review and a cross-sectional study assessing current clinical status using the Eckardt score and reflux disease questionnaire. General QoL was measured using Kidscreen-52 for @entity0 <18  years of age or to 36-Item Short Form Health Survey for @entity0 >= 18  years of age. RESULTS: Between 1990 and 2013, 87 @entity0 (mean age 11.4      3.4  years, 60% male) diagnosed with @entity2 in the Netherlands were included. Mean incidence was 0.1/100   000/y (range 0.03-0.21). Initial treatment was pneumodilation (PD) in 68 (79%) @entity0 and Heller myotomy (HM) in 18 (21%) @entity0 . Retreatment was required more often after initial PD compared with initial HM (88% vs 22%; P  <  .0001). More complications of initial treatment occurred after HM compared with PD (55.6% vs 1.5%; P  <  .0001). Three esophageal perforations were seen after HM (16.7%), 1 after PD (1.5%). Sixty-three of 87 (72%) @entity0 were prospectively contacted. Median Eckardt score was 3 (IQR 2-5), with 32 @entity0 (44.5%) having positive scores suggesting active disease. @entity1 questionnaire scores were higher after initial HM vs PD (1.71 [0.96-2.90] vs 0.58 [0-1.56]; P  =  .005). The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (n  =  52) was lower compared with healthy population norms for 7/8 domains. Kidscreen-52 (n  =  20) was similar to population norms. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 is rare and relapse rates are high after initial treatment, especially after pneumodilation, but with more complications after HM. Symptoms often persist into adulthood, without any clinical follow-up. QoL in adulthood was decreased.

title: Pediatric XXXX in the Netherlands: Incidence, Clinical Course, and  Quality of Life.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity10 ) is classified into subtypes according to bowel habit. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there are differences in clinical features, comorbidities, @entity1 , @entity4 and body mass index (BMI) among @entity10 subtypes. METHODS: The study group included 113 consecutive @entity0 (mean age: 48    11 years; females: 94) with the diagnosis of @entity10 . All of them answered a structured questionnaire for demographic and clinical data and underwent upper endoscopy. @entity1 and @entity4 were assessed by the Hospital @entity1 and @entity4 scale (HAD). RESULTS: The distribution of subtypes was: @entity10 - @entity3 ( @entity10 -D), 46%; @entity6 ( @entity6 ), 32%, and mixed @entity10 ( @entity10 ), 22%. @entity10 overlap with @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity2 occurred in 65.5%, 48.7%, 40.7% and 22.1% of @entity0 , respectively. @entity4 were found in 81.5%. Comparisons among subgroups showed that bloating was significantly associated with @entity10 compared to @entity10 -D (odds ratio-OR-5.6). Straining was more likely to be reported by @entity10 (OR 15.3) and @entity6 (OR 12.0) compared to @entity10 -D @entity0 , while urgency was associated with both @entity10 (OR 19.7) and @entity10 -D (OR 14.2) compared to @entity6 . In addition, @entity10 @entity0 were more likely to present @entity5 than @entity10 -D (OR 6.7) and higher scores for @entity1 than @entity6 @entity0 (OR 1.2). BMI values did not differ between @entity10 -D and @entity6 . CONCLUSION: @entity10 is characterized by symptoms frequently reported by both @entity6 (straining) and @entity10 -D (urgency), higher levels of @entity1 , and high prevalence of comorbidities. These features should be considered in the clinical management of this subgroup.

title: XXXX subtypes: Clinical and psychological features, body mass index and comorbidities.

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: Previous studies have established regional grey matter (GM) loss in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, whether there is any regional @entity3 in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and the difference between @entity6 and @entity1 is unclear. The present study addresses this issue by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). METHODS: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T1-weighted three-dimensional MRI were obtained from 26 @entity6 @entity0 , 26 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) @entity0 , and 26 normal controls. An analysis of covariance model assessed with cluster size inference was used to compare GM volume among three groups. The correlations of GM volume changes with disease duration, expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and brain T2 lesion volume (LV) were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity3 was found in @entity6 @entity0 in several regions of frontal, @entity5 (uncorrected, p < 0.001). While extensive @entity3 was found in @entity7 @entity0 , including most cortical regions and the deep grey matter (corrected for multiple comparisons, p < 0.01). Compared with @entity6 , those with @entity7 had significant @entity2 in bilateral thalami, caudate, left parahippocampal gyrus, right hippocampus and insula (corrected, p < 0.01). In @entity7 group, regional @entity2 in right caudate and bilateral thalami were strongly correlated with brain T2LV. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found the difference of @entity3 between @entity6 and @entity7 @entity0 mainly in deep grey matter. The correlational results suggested @entity4 from lesions on T2WI may be a key pathogenesis of @entity3 in deep grey matter in @entity7 .

title: Comparison of grey matter XXXX between @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity1 : a voxel-based morphometry study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Previous studies have established regional grey matter (GM) loss in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, whether there is any regional @entity3 in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and the difference between @entity6 and @entity1 is unclear. The present study addresses this issue by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). METHODS: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T1-weighted three-dimensional MRI were obtained from 26 @entity6 @entity0 , 26 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) @entity0 , and 26 normal controls. An analysis of covariance model assessed with cluster size inference was used to compare GM volume among three groups. The correlations of GM volume changes with disease duration, expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and brain T2 lesion volume (LV) were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity3 was found in @entity6 @entity0 in several regions of frontal, @entity5 (uncorrected, p < 0.001). While extensive @entity3 was found in @entity7 @entity0 , including most cortical regions and the deep grey matter (corrected for multiple comparisons, p < 0.01). Compared with @entity6 , those with @entity7 had significant @entity2 in bilateral thalami, caudate, left parahippocampal gyrus, right hippocampus and insula (corrected, p < 0.01). In @entity7 group, regional @entity2 in right caudate and bilateral thalami were strongly correlated with brain T2LV. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found the difference of @entity3 between @entity6 and @entity7 @entity0 mainly in deep grey matter. The correlational results suggested @entity4 from lesions on T2WI may be a key pathogenesis of @entity3 in deep grey matter in @entity7 .

title: Comparison of grey matter @entity3 between @entity0 with @entity6 and XXXX : a voxel-based morphometry study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Previous studies have established regional grey matter (GM) loss in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, whether there is any regional @entity3 in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and the difference between @entity6 and @entity1 is unclear. The present study addresses this issue by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). METHODS: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T1-weighted three-dimensional MRI were obtained from 26 @entity6 @entity0 , 26 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) @entity0 , and 26 normal controls. An analysis of covariance model assessed with cluster size inference was used to compare GM volume among three groups. The correlations of GM volume changes with disease duration, expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and brain T2 lesion volume (LV) were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity3 was found in @entity6 @entity0 in several regions of frontal, @entity5 (uncorrected, p < 0.001). While extensive @entity3 was found in @entity7 @entity0 , including most cortical regions and the deep grey matter (corrected for multiple comparisons, p < 0.01). Compared with @entity6 , those with @entity7 had significant @entity2 in bilateral thalami, caudate, left parahippocampal gyrus, right hippocampus and insula (corrected, p < 0.01). In @entity7 group, regional @entity2 in right caudate and bilateral thalami were strongly correlated with brain T2LV. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found the difference of @entity3 between @entity6 and @entity7 @entity0 mainly in deep grey matter. The correlational results suggested @entity4 from lesions on T2WI may be a key pathogenesis of @entity3 in deep grey matter in @entity7 .

title: Comparison of grey matter @entity3 between @entity0 with XXXX and @entity1 : a voxel-based morphometry study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Previous studies have established regional grey matter (GM) loss in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, whether there is any regional @entity3 in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and the difference between @entity6 and @entity1 is unclear. The present study addresses this issue by voxel-based morphometry (VBM). METHODS: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T1-weighted three-dimensional MRI were obtained from 26 @entity6 @entity0 , 26 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) @entity0 , and 26 normal controls. An analysis of covariance model assessed with cluster size inference was used to compare GM volume among three groups. The correlations of GM volume changes with disease duration, expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and brain T2 lesion volume (LV) were analyzed. RESULTS: @entity3 was found in @entity6 @entity0 in several regions of frontal, @entity5 (uncorrected, p < 0.001). While extensive @entity3 was found in @entity7 @entity0 , including most cortical regions and the deep grey matter (corrected for multiple comparisons, p < 0.01). Compared with @entity6 , those with @entity7 had significant @entity2 in bilateral thalami, caudate, left parahippocampal gyrus, right hippocampus and insula (corrected, p < 0.01). In @entity7 group, regional @entity2 in right caudate and bilateral thalami were strongly correlated with brain T2LV. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found the difference of @entity3 between @entity6 and @entity7 @entity0 mainly in deep grey matter. The correlational results suggested @entity4 from lesions on T2WI may be a key pathogenesis of @entity3 in deep grey matter in @entity7 .

title: Comparison of grey matter @entity3 between XXXX with @entity6 and @entity1 : a voxel-based morphometry study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: An imbalance in stimulated cytokine production is associated with the etiopathogenesis of @entity1 such as @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity6 . Increased cytokine levels have been reported in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of @entity0 with @entity2 . Thirty-six outpatients with @entity2 participated in this study. Each outpatient was age-matched (  3years) with a healthy control (n=36). The @entity0 were controlled for race and smoking habits. Unstimulated and stimulated @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and interferon-y (INF-y) production in whole blood culture (WBC) and @entity4 and @entity5 levels in the GCF were evaluated. Circulating levels of @entity4 and @entity5 (unstimulated) as well as GCF @entity5 were modestly lower in @entity2 @entity0 , compared to the levels in age-matched controls (Mann-Whitney, p=0.002, 0.0075, ANCOVA, p=0.025, respectively). In the unstimulated group, there was no correlation between the levels of circulating @entity4 and GCF @entity4 (r=0.07, p=0.67), and between the levels of circulating @entity5 and the @entity5 level in the CGF (r=-0.08, p=0.63). In the @entity3 stimulation group, there was no correlation between the levels of circulating levels of @entity4 and GCF @entity4 (r=0. 02, p=0.91) or between the circulating @entity5 and GCF @entity5 (r=0.13, p=0.42). We observed modest immunosuppression in @entity2 @entity0 (evaluated by no stimulation whole blood culture [WBC]), especially in @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity2 , and severe @entity2 .

title: Evaluation of periodontitis in hospital outpatients with XXXX . A focus on gingival and circulating cytokines.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Thermo-sensitive dendrimers hold promise in various biomedical and pharmaceutical applications due to their stimuli-responsive properties. However, for such systems there are still certain unaddressed issues e.g. the undesired @entity0 , immunogenicity and short blood circulation time. PEGylation is a potential approach to solve these above problems. The aims of this study were to engineer PEGylated thermo-sensitive dendritic derivatives and to investigate their temperature sensitivity and drug release behaviour therein. Linear @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were attached to the surface of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) dendrimers to generate @entity5 -g- @entity2 and @entity5 -g- @entity2 -co- @entity1 . @entity5 -g- @entity2 exhibited the lowest critical solution temperature (LCST) of ca. 32  C, whereas @entity5 -g- @entity2 -co- @entity1 showed a LCST of ca. 35  C. @entity3 was used as a model molecule to examine the drug release profiles from both types of dendritic polymers. Results showed that such thermo-sensitive @entity5 derivatives could manipulate drug release simply by controlling the temperature above or below the LCST. At 37  C a prolonged drug release was obtained for both systems with less than 30% of drug was released over 12 h, whilst the release rate is much faster at 30  C and ca. 90% of drug was released over 12 h. The results obtained suggest that these thermo-sensitive @entity5 derivatives could be potential drug delivery systems to achieve controlled drug release.

title: PEGylated thermo-sensitive XXXX dendritic drug delivery systems.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 commonly occur in trained athletes during ambulatory Holter electrocardiography and are usually associated with a benign course. Such @entity2 have been demonstrated to be sensitive to short periods of athletic deconditioning; however, their response to retraining is not known. Twenty-four hour Holter electrocardiographic monitoring was performed at peak training and after 3 to 6 months of deconditioning and was repeated in the present study after 2, 6, and 12 months of retraining in 37 athletes with frequent and complex @entity3 and without @entity0 . These subjects showed partial (101 to 500 ventricular premature complexes [VPCs]/24 hours) or marked (<100 VPCs) reversibility of @entity2 after deconditioning. Retraining initially resulted in a significant increase in @entity2 frequency compared with deconditioning (from 280    475 to 1,542    2,186 VPCs; p = 0.005), couplets (0.14    0.42 to 4.4    8.2; p = 0.005), and nonsustained @entity3 (from 0 to 0.8    1.8; p = 0.02). Subsequently, a progressive reduction was seen in the frequency of all @entity2 during the 1 year of training to well below that at the peak training levels (VPCs 917    1,630, couplets 1.8    4.2, and nonsustained @entity3 0.4    1.2). Such annual @entity2 reduction was significantly greater statistically in those athletes with marked reversibility after deconditioning than in the athletes with partial reversibility (69    139 vs 1,496    1,917 VPCs/24 hours, respectively; p = 0.007). No @entity1 or symptoms occurred during 1 year of follow-up. In conclusion, in elite athletes without @entity0 , a resumption in intense training after deconditioning was associated with variable, but prolonged, suppression of @entity4 . The absence of adverse clinical events or symptoms associated with the resumption of training supports the continued eligibility in competitive sports for such athletes and is also consistent with the benign nature of physiologic @entity1 .

title: Patterns of XXXX associated with training, deconditioning and retraining in elite athletes without @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 commonly occur in trained athletes during ambulatory Holter electrocardiography and are usually associated with a benign course. Such @entity2 have been demonstrated to be sensitive to short periods of athletic deconditioning; however, their response to retraining is not known. Twenty-four hour Holter electrocardiographic monitoring was performed at peak training and after 3 to 6 months of deconditioning and was repeated in the present study after 2, 6, and 12 months of retraining in 37 athletes with frequent and complex @entity3 and without @entity0 . These subjects showed partial (101 to 500 ventricular premature complexes [VPCs]/24 hours) or marked (<100 VPCs) reversibility of @entity2 after deconditioning. Retraining initially resulted in a significant increase in @entity2 frequency compared with deconditioning (from 280    475 to 1,542    2,186 VPCs; p = 0.005), couplets (0.14    0.42 to 4.4    8.2; p = 0.005), and nonsustained @entity3 (from 0 to 0.8    1.8; p = 0.02). Subsequently, a progressive reduction was seen in the frequency of all @entity2 during the 1 year of training to well below that at the peak training levels (VPCs 917    1,630, couplets 1.8    4.2, and nonsustained @entity3 0.4    1.2). Such annual @entity2 reduction was significantly greater statistically in those athletes with marked reversibility after deconditioning than in the athletes with partial reversibility (69    139 vs 1,496    1,917 VPCs/24 hours, respectively; p = 0.007). No @entity1 or symptoms occurred during 1 year of follow-up. In conclusion, in elite athletes without @entity0 , a resumption in intense training after deconditioning was associated with variable, but prolonged, suppression of @entity4 . The absence of adverse clinical events or symptoms associated with the resumption of training supports the continued eligibility in competitive sports for such athletes and is also consistent with the benign nature of physiologic @entity1 .

title: Patterns of @entity3 associated with training, deconditioning and retraining in elite athletes without XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: With advances in surgical and medical treatment and the availability of assisted reproductive techniques, pregnancy in @entity0 with @entity6 is more frequently encountered. Diagnosis of @entity6 during pregnancy is difficult because of changes in @entity7 and insulin like growth factor-1 ( @entity3 ) axis secondary to placental production of @entity7 . The difficulty is compounded by the inability of routine hormone assays to detect placental @entity7 . In the majority of @entity0 with @entity6 , pregnancy does not have an adverse effect on mother or fetus and pituitary mass does not increase in size. The level of @entity3 usually remains stable because of the effect of @entity2 causing a @entity7 resistant state. In @entity0 with @entity8 , the possibility of an increase in size of the pituitary mass needs to be kept in mind and more frequent monitoring is required. In case of @entity1 enlargement, pituitary surgery can be considered in the mid trimester. Experience with the use of medical treatment for @entity6 during pregnancy is increasing. @entity4 agonists, @entity5 analogs or @entity9 antagonists have been used without any adverse consequences on mother or fetus. At present, it is advisable to stop any medical treatment after confirmation of pregnancy till more data are available on the safety of these drugs.

title: Pregnancy in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Neuroendocrine @entity5 is extremely rare, with an estimated incidence of 0.35-0.70% of all @entity5 . The @entity10 represents the most frequent histologic variant described. @entity10 is an @entity2 associated with a more @entity4 and poorer prognosis than transitional cell @entity5 . The overall survival rate at 5 years does not exceed 8%. At the time of presentation 59% of @entity0 have clinical stage >T2 and 56% show @entity1 . In 50% of the @entity0 , fatal progression occurs within 6 months. Local recurrence after radical surgery occurred in 50-70% of cases. @entity0 AND METHODS: We report three cases of pure @entity5 . @entity7 was the most common presenting symptom. @entity9 was present in all the cases with stage >T2, @entity1 in 1 case, lymph node involvement and ureteral bilateral obstruction in 2. Two @entity0 were treated by radical cystectomy, bilateral pelvic limph node resections and urinary derivation. @entity8 -based adjuvant chemotherapy was proposed but only two @entity0 received the treatment. One @entity0 with liver @entity1 was managed only by extensive TUR and support regimen. RESULTS: In 2 @entity0 residual or relapsed @entity2 reappered within 2 months after surgery. All of the three @entity0 died of @entity1 at 5, 7, and 13 months. Median overall survival was 7 months. The most common site of relapse and @entity3 was the peritoneum and intestinal tract, and the reason of death was uncontrolled acute @entity6 from gastro-intestinal district. CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of a prospective study, and because of the rarity of the disease, the best treatment for small-cell @entity5 remains uncertain. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with @entity8 regimen plus aggressive surgical approach will be the treatment of choice. The association of chemotherapy and radiotherapy should also be considered.

title: [ XXXX : our experience].

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Cognitive functions and, in particular, executive function, are commonly affected after @entity1 , leading to impairments in performance of daily activities, decrease in social participation and in quality of life. Appropriate assessment and understanding of @entity2 are important, firstly to develop better rehabilitation strategies for executive functions per se and secondly to consider executive function abilities on rehabilitation strategies in general. The purpose of this review was to identify the most widely used assessment tools of @entity2 for @entity0 with @entity1 , and their psychometric properties. We systematically reviewed manuscripts published in English in databases from 1999 to 2015. We identified 35 publications. The most frequently used instruments were the Stroop, Digit Span and @entity3 making tests. Psychometric properties were described for the Executive Function Performance Test, Executive Clock Drawing Task, Chinese Frontal Assessment Battery and Virtual Action Planning - Supermarket, and two subtests of the Cambridge Cognitive Examination - Revised. There is a paucity of tools to reliably measure @entity2 after @entity1 , despite the fact that @entity2 is frequent. Identification of the best tools for @entity2 assessment is necessary to address important gaps in research and in clinical practice.

title: Diversity of approaches in assessment of executive functions in XXXX : limited evidence?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe acute @entity2 ( @entity2 ) after breast irradiation is a side effect impacting the quality of life in @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 . The aim of the present study was to develop normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models of severe acute @entity2 in @entity0 @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We evaluated 140 consecutive @entity0 @entity1 undergoing conventional three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) after breast conserving surgery in a prospective study assessing acute @entity2 . The acute @entity2 was classified according to the RTOG scoring system. Dose-surface histograms (DSHs) of the body structure in the breast region were extracted as representative of skin irradiation. @entity1 , disease, and treatment-related characteristics were analyzed along with DSHs. NTCP modeling by Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) and by multivariate logistic regression using bootstrap resampling techniques was performed. Models were evaluated by Spearman's Rs coefficient and ROC area. RESULTS: By the end of radiotherapy, 139 (99%) @entity1 developed any degree of acute @entity2 . G3 @entity2 was found in 11 of 140 (8%) @entity1 . Mild-moderate (G1-G2) @entity2 was still present at 40 days after treatment in six (4%) @entity1 . Using DSHs for LKB modeling of acute @entity2 severity (RTOG G3 vs. G0-2), parameter estimates were TD50=39 Gy, n=0.38 and m=0.14 [Rs   =   0.25, area under the curve (AUC)   =   0.77, p   =   0.003]. On multivariate analysis, the most predictive model of acute @entity2 severity was a two-variable model including the skin receiving   >= 30 Gy (S30) and @entity3 [Rs   =   0.32, AUC   =   0.84, p   <   0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: Using body DSH as representative of skin dose, the LKB n parameter was consistent with a surface effect for the skin. A good prediction performance was obtained using a data-driven multivariate model including S30 and a pre-existing @entity2 ( @entity3 ) as a clinical factor.

title: Dose-surface analysis for prediction of severe acute radio-induced skin toxicity in XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe acute @entity2 ( @entity2 ) after breast irradiation is a side effect impacting the quality of life in @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 . The aim of the present study was to develop normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models of severe acute @entity2 in @entity0 @entity1 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We evaluated 140 consecutive @entity0 @entity1 undergoing conventional three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) after breast conserving surgery in a prospective study assessing acute @entity2 . The acute @entity2 was classified according to the RTOG scoring system. Dose-surface histograms (DSHs) of the body structure in the breast region were extracted as representative of skin irradiation. @entity1 , disease, and treatment-related characteristics were analyzed along with DSHs. NTCP modeling by Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) and by multivariate logistic regression using bootstrap resampling techniques was performed. Models were evaluated by Spearman's Rs coefficient and ROC area. RESULTS: By the end of radiotherapy, 139 (99%) @entity1 developed any degree of acute @entity2 . G3 @entity2 was found in 11 of 140 (8%) @entity1 . Mild-moderate (G1-G2) @entity2 was still present at 40 days after treatment in six (4%) @entity1 . Using DSHs for LKB modeling of acute @entity2 severity (RTOG G3 vs. G0-2), parameter estimates were TD50=39 Gy, n=0.38 and m=0.14 [Rs   =   0.25, area under the curve (AUC)   =   0.77, p   =   0.003]. On multivariate analysis, the most predictive model of acute @entity2 severity was a two-variable model including the skin receiving   >= 30 Gy (S30) and @entity3 [Rs   =   0.32, AUC   =   0.84, p   <   0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: Using body DSH as representative of skin dose, the LKB n parameter was consistent with a surface effect for the skin. A good prediction performance was obtained using a data-driven multivariate model including S30 and a pre-existing @entity2 ( @entity3 ) as a clinical factor.

title: Dose-surface analysis for prediction of severe acute radio-induced skin toxicity in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Tumour self-seeding by circulating @entity1 cells (CTCs) enhances @entity1 progression and recurrence. Previously, we demonstrated that @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs occurs in @entity3 and revealed that @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may promote CTC attraction. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of @entity4 in @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs. @entity4 suppression inhibited in vitro cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, rhIL-6 activated the Janus-activated kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK/ @entity6 ) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal regulated kinase1/2 (MAPK/ @entity5 ) pathways in vitro. Both pathways increased cell proliferation, but only the JAK/ @entity6 pathway promoted migration. Suppressing @entity4 inhibited in vivo @entity1 growth and @entity0 . @entity4 suppression or JAK/ @entity6 pathway inhibition reduced CTC seeding in primary @entity1 . Collectively, @entity4 promotes @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs in a nude @entity2 model. This finding may provide a novel strategy for future therapeutic interventions to prevent @entity3 progression and recurrence.

title: Interleukin-6 suppression reduces @entity1 self-seeding by circulating @entity1 cells in a human XXXX nude @entity2 model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Tumour self-seeding by circulating @entity1 cells (CTCs) enhances @entity1 progression and recurrence. Previously, we demonstrated that @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs occurs in @entity3 and revealed that @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may promote CTC attraction. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of @entity4 in @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs. @entity4 suppression inhibited in vitro cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, rhIL-6 activated the Janus-activated kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK/ @entity6 ) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal regulated kinase1/2 (MAPK/ @entity5 ) pathways in vitro. Both pathways increased cell proliferation, but only the JAK/ @entity6 pathway promoted migration. Suppressing @entity4 inhibited in vivo @entity1 growth and @entity0 . @entity4 suppression or JAK/ @entity6 pathway inhibition reduced CTC seeding in primary @entity1 . Collectively, @entity4 promotes @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs in a nude @entity2 model. This finding may provide a novel strategy for future therapeutic interventions to prevent @entity3 progression and recurrence.

title: Interleukin-6 suppression reduces XXXX self-seeding by circulating @entity1 cells in a human @entity3 nude @entity2 model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Tumour self-seeding by circulating @entity1 cells (CTCs) enhances @entity1 progression and recurrence. Previously, we demonstrated that @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs occurs in @entity3 and revealed that @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may promote CTC attraction. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of @entity4 in @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs. @entity4 suppression inhibited in vitro cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, rhIL-6 activated the Janus-activated kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK/ @entity6 ) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal regulated kinase1/2 (MAPK/ @entity5 ) pathways in vitro. Both pathways increased cell proliferation, but only the JAK/ @entity6 pathway promoted migration. Suppressing @entity4 inhibited in vivo @entity1 growth and @entity0 . @entity4 suppression or JAK/ @entity6 pathway inhibition reduced CTC seeding in primary @entity1 . Collectively, @entity4 promotes @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs in a nude @entity2 model. This finding may provide a novel strategy for future therapeutic interventions to prevent @entity3 progression and recurrence.

title: Interleukin-6 suppression reduces @entity1 self-seeding by circulating XXXX cells in a human @entity3 nude @entity2 model.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Tumour self-seeding by circulating @entity1 cells (CTCs) enhances @entity1 progression and recurrence. Previously, we demonstrated that @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs occurs in @entity3 and revealed that @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may promote CTC attraction. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of @entity4 in @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs. @entity4 suppression inhibited in vitro cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, rhIL-6 activated the Janus-activated kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (JAK/ @entity6 ) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal regulated kinase1/2 (MAPK/ @entity5 ) pathways in vitro. Both pathways increased cell proliferation, but only the JAK/ @entity6 pathway promoted migration. Suppressing @entity4 inhibited in vivo @entity1 growth and @entity0 . @entity4 suppression or JAK/ @entity6 pathway inhibition reduced CTC seeding in primary @entity1 . Collectively, @entity4 promotes @entity1 self-seeding by CTCs in a nude @entity2 model. This finding may provide a novel strategy for future therapeutic interventions to prevent @entity3 progression and recurrence.

title: Interleukin-6 suppression reduces @entity1 self-seeding by circulating @entity1 cells in a human @entity3 nude XXXX model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Flow cytometry has been used to detect cells that express high levels of the @entity6 dehydrogenase activity in normal tissues. Such ALDH bright (ALDHbr) cell populations have been sorted from @entity0 cord blood, bone marrow, mobilized peripheral blood, skeletal muscle, and breast tissue and from the rodent brain, pancreas, and prostate. A variety of hematopoietic, endothelial, and mutiltipotential mesenchymal progenitors are enriched in the @entity0 bone marrow, cord, and peripheral blood ALDHbr populations. Multipotential neural progenitors are enriched in rodent brain tissue, and tissue-specific progenitors in the other tissue types. In xenograft models, uncultured @entity0 bone marrow and cord ALDHbr cells home to damaged tissue and protect @entity1 against @entity2 by promoting angiogenesis. Uncultured cord ALDHbr cells also deploy to nonhematopoietic tissues and protect animals in @entity8 intoxication and chronic @entity4 models. @entity1 ALDHbr cells and cells derived from them in culture protect animals in a chronic @entity5 model. Purifying ALDHbr cells appears to increase their ability to repair tissues in these animal models. Clinical studies suggest that the number of ALDHbr cells present in hematopoietic grafts or circulating in the blood of @entity3 @entity0 is related to clinical outcomes or disease severity. ALDHbr cells have been used to supplement unrelated cord blood transplant and to treat @entity0 with @entity7 and @entity2 . ALDH activity can play several physiological roles in stem and progenitor cells that may potentiate their utility in cell therapy.

title: Concise review: XXXX dehydrogenase bright stem and progenitor cell populations from normal tissues: characteristics, activities, and emerging uses in regenerative medicine.

answer: @entity6


abstract: To determine the regional accuracy of computed tomography of the mediastinum in staging @entity1 , we compared the results of preoperative computed tomographic staging to pathologic findings in lymph nodes taken at mediastinoscopy and/or thoracotomy in 61 @entity0 . Twenty-two @entity0 had @entity3 , 24 had @entity4 , eight had large cell @entity2 , and seven had @entity2 or mixed cellular types. Sixteen @entity0 had Stage I, eight had Stage II, and 37 had @entity2 . Thirteen @entity0 had mediastinoscopy only, and the remaining 48 @entity0 had thoracotomy. Computed tomographic staging of the mediastinum as a whole had an accuracy of 88% with a negative predictive index of 96.1%. In examining the differential regional accuracy within the mediastinum we found results in the aortopulmonary window to be inferior to those of other regions, with an accuracy of 80% and a negative predictive index of 83.3%. The reliability of computed tomographic scan staging varied relative to cell type. The accuracy rate in @entity3 was 94.7% compared to 70.6% in @entity4 . Computed tomography is accurate for staging the mediastinum in @entity1 , and this accuracy holds over the regions of the mediastinum except the aortopulmonary window. Computed tomography is more accurate for staging @entity3 than @entity5 .

title: Regional accuracy of computed tomography of the mediastinum in staging of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We conducted research to detect the proteomic profiles in synovial fluid (SF) from @entity4 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 to better understand the pathogenesis and aetiology of @entity3 . Our long-term goal is to identify reliable candidate biomarkers for @entity3 in SF. The SF proteins obtained from 10 knee @entity3 @entity0 and 10 non- @entity3 @entity0 (9 of whom were @entity0 with a @entity1 in the knee; 1 had a discoid meniscus in the knee, and all exhibited intact articular cartilage) were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The repeatability of the obtained protein spots regarding their intensity was tested via triplicate 2-DE of selected samples. The observed protein expression patterns were subjected to statistical analysis, and differentially expressed protein spots were identified via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-time of flight/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI- @entity2 / @entity2 MS). Our analyses showed low intrasample variability and clear intersample variation. Among the protein spots observed on the gels, there were 29 significant differences, of which 22 corresponded to upregulation and 7 to downregulation in the @entity3 group. One of the upregulated protein spots was confirmed to be @entity5 by mass spectrometry, and the levels of @entity5 in SF are positively correlated with the severity of @entity3 (r = 0.89, P < 0.001). This study showed that 2-DE could be used under standard conditions to screen SF samples and identify a small subset of proteins in SF that are potential markers associated with @entity3 . Spots of interest identified by mass spectrometry, such as @entity5 , may be associated with @entity3 severity.

title: Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid as an analytical tool to detect candidate biomarkers for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The case history of a 38-year-old white housewife, Mrs. T, who was admitted to Touro Infirmary because of hemoptysis is presented. The @entity0 was the mother of 9 @entity0 who began to take oral contraceptives after the eighth @entity0 . On discontinuing this form of prophylaxis, the ninth pregnancy ensued. Following the birth of the ninth baby, the @entity0 resumed oral contraceptives (C-Quens), which she continued until a year before her admission to the hospital. The @entity0 was always obese, and at one time she weighed 266 pounds. There was also a family history of @entity3 . The c linical impression on admission was that the @entity0 had @entity6 secondary to @entity2 of the left lower extremity. The clinical impression of severe @entity4 was confirmed by cardiac catheterization. Because the @entity0 's long-term prognosis was hopeless, early hospital discharge was planned. Mrs. T. had irreversible and extensive @entity1 . Dr. Bice was convinced that oral contraceptives played a significant part in the development of the @entity0 's illness. He noted that oral contraceptives in most cases are apparently safe, but they should be given only to @entity0 who do not exhibit predisposing causes to @entity5 .

title: Medical Grand Rounds from Touro Infirmary. XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: We examined cardiac changes in 8 @entity0 (4 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 , age 21-43 years) with @entity1 proven by skeletal muscle biopsy. Of 8 @entity0 , 4 showed cardiac changes, including 1 with cytoplasmic body @entity1 ( @entity0 1), 2 with minimal change @entity1 ( @entity0 2 and 3) and 1 with @entity1 ( @entity0 4). @entity0 1 and 2 showed @entity11 with severe @entity7 of left ventricular wall. These clinical features were quite similar to those of @entity3 and the @entity0 were in NYHA class 3 or 4. @entity0 3 had severe @entity2 with @entity9 . This @entity0 also had a persistent @entity10 and @entity4 of the aorta, and her cardiac function was in NYHA class 3. @entity0 4 showed moderate @entity6 but the left ventricle was not dilated. This @entity0 also had sino-atrial block and type A @entity8 . His cardiac function was NYHA class 1. In conclusion, various types of @entity1 are associated with cardiac changes which can result in severe @entity5 .

title: Cardiac involvement in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 is an antibacterial drug chiefly eliminated by the kidney and therefore useful in the treatment of @entity2 . To study its pharmacokinetics in @entity1 , we administered a single oral dose of 400 mg to 14 @entity0 and 6 controls with normal renal function. @entity0 were divided into three groups according to the severity of @entity1 . @entity4 was measured in serum and urine by bioassay. Serum half-life in controls was 3.87 hours and prolonged to 5.85 hours in group I ( @entity3 clearance 80-45 ml/min), 7.25 hours (p less than 0.05) in group II ( @entity3 clearance 44-20 ml/min) and 8.34 hours (p less than 0.01) in group III @entity0 ( @entity3 clearance less than 20 ml/min). A good linear correlation between the elimination rate constant and @entity3 clearance (r = 0.79, p less than 0.01) has been found. Total urinary excretion in the 72 hour period after administration achieves 40.4% in controls, falls to 23.5% (p less than 0.05), 15.6% (p less than 0.01) and 8.2% (p less than 0.01) of administered dose in groups I, II and III, respectively. Similarly, urinary concentrations decrease in all @entity0 groups with respect to controls. Our data show that effective urinary antibacterial concentrations of @entity4 after 400 mg single oral dose were obtained even in @entity0 with severe @entity1 . In these @entity0 systemic accumulation after repeated dose administration is a probable event. Therefore, dosage adjustment is advisable in @entity0 with @entity3 clearance less than 20 ml/min, although it will inevitably cause lower urinary concentrations.

title: Pharmacokinetics of @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 is an antibacterial drug chiefly eliminated by the kidney and therefore useful in the treatment of @entity2 . To study its pharmacokinetics in @entity1 , we administered a single oral dose of 400 mg to 14 @entity0 and 6 controls with normal renal function. @entity0 were divided into three groups according to the severity of @entity1 . @entity4 was measured in serum and urine by bioassay. Serum half-life in controls was 3.87 hours and prolonged to 5.85 hours in group I ( @entity3 clearance 80-45 ml/min), 7.25 hours (p less than 0.05) in group II ( @entity3 clearance 44-20 ml/min) and 8.34 hours (p less than 0.01) in group III @entity0 ( @entity3 clearance less than 20 ml/min). A good linear correlation between the elimination rate constant and @entity3 clearance (r = 0.79, p less than 0.01) has been found. Total urinary excretion in the 72 hour period after administration achieves 40.4% in controls, falls to 23.5% (p less than 0.05), 15.6% (p less than 0.01) and 8.2% (p less than 0.01) of administered dose in groups I, II and III, respectively. Similarly, urinary concentrations decrease in all @entity0 groups with respect to controls. Our data show that effective urinary antibacterial concentrations of @entity4 after 400 mg single oral dose were obtained even in @entity0 with severe @entity1 . In these @entity0 systemic accumulation after repeated dose administration is a probable event. Therefore, dosage adjustment is advisable in @entity0 with @entity3 clearance less than 20 ml/min, although it will inevitably cause lower urinary concentrations.

title: Pharmacokinetics of XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: To determine the compensatory reserve capacity of the ventricular myocardium following infarction, the left coronary artery in @entity0 was ligated, and the animals were killed 40 days later. @entity5 affecting an average 23% of the left ventricle were characterized by a 27% @entity4 growth of the remaining myocardium that produced a complete replacement of the @entity1 tissue. In contrast, @entity5 with an average 50% loss of mass resulted in 83% expansion of the spared myocardium that was inadequate for a complete restoration of ventricular tissue. Myocyte @entity4 was 26% and 78% in small and large @entity5 , respectively. Cellular @entity4 in both cases involved significant increases in myocyte transverse area and myocyte length. After large @entity5 , there was an 18% reduction in capillary surface and a 16% increase in the diffusion distance. Corresponding values for small @entity5 were -10% and 9%. These alterations combined with the deficient reconstitution of myocardial mass following large @entity5 resulted in 25%, 29%, and 30% deficits in the absolute amounts of capillary lumen, surface, and length per ventricle respectively. Even with small @entity5 , a deficit was seen in capillary luminal surface (-16%), and length (-19%). In conclusion, we have demonstrated that @entity6 following @entity3 is consistent with cellular shape changes characteristic of a combination of concentric and eccentric @entity4 growth. However, cardiac muscle cells appear to be unable to compensate for the loss of mass induced by a 50% @entity5 . The inadequate adaptation of the capillary vasculature in the infarcted hearts suggests that the injured ventricle is more vulnerable to additional @entity2 episodes.

title: XXXX in @entity0 . Infarct size, myocyte @entity4 , and capillary growth.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To determine the compensatory reserve capacity of the ventricular myocardium following infarction, the left coronary artery in @entity0 was ligated, and the animals were killed 40 days later. @entity5 affecting an average 23% of the left ventricle were characterized by a 27% @entity4 growth of the remaining myocardium that produced a complete replacement of the @entity1 tissue. In contrast, @entity5 with an average 50% loss of mass resulted in 83% expansion of the spared myocardium that was inadequate for a complete restoration of ventricular tissue. Myocyte @entity4 was 26% and 78% in small and large @entity5 , respectively. Cellular @entity4 in both cases involved significant increases in myocyte transverse area and myocyte length. After large @entity5 , there was an 18% reduction in capillary surface and a 16% increase in the diffusion distance. Corresponding values for small @entity5 were -10% and 9%. These alterations combined with the deficient reconstitution of myocardial mass following large @entity5 resulted in 25%, 29%, and 30% deficits in the absolute amounts of capillary lumen, surface, and length per ventricle respectively. Even with small @entity5 , a deficit was seen in capillary luminal surface (-16%), and length (-19%). In conclusion, we have demonstrated that @entity6 following @entity3 is consistent with cellular shape changes characteristic of a combination of concentric and eccentric @entity4 growth. However, cardiac muscle cells appear to be unable to compensate for the loss of mass induced by a 50% @entity5 . The inadequate adaptation of the capillary vasculature in the infarcted hearts suggests that the injured ventricle is more vulnerable to additional @entity2 episodes.

title: @entity3 in @entity0 . Infarct size, myocyte XXXX , and capillary growth.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To determine the compensatory reserve capacity of the ventricular myocardium following infarction, the left coronary artery in @entity0 was ligated, and the animals were killed 40 days later. @entity5 affecting an average 23% of the left ventricle were characterized by a 27% @entity4 growth of the remaining myocardium that produced a complete replacement of the @entity1 tissue. In contrast, @entity5 with an average 50% loss of mass resulted in 83% expansion of the spared myocardium that was inadequate for a complete restoration of ventricular tissue. Myocyte @entity4 was 26% and 78% in small and large @entity5 , respectively. Cellular @entity4 in both cases involved significant increases in myocyte transverse area and myocyte length. After large @entity5 , there was an 18% reduction in capillary surface and a 16% increase in the diffusion distance. Corresponding values for small @entity5 were -10% and 9%. These alterations combined with the deficient reconstitution of myocardial mass following large @entity5 resulted in 25%, 29%, and 30% deficits in the absolute amounts of capillary lumen, surface, and length per ventricle respectively. Even with small @entity5 , a deficit was seen in capillary luminal surface (-16%), and length (-19%). In conclusion, we have demonstrated that @entity6 following @entity3 is consistent with cellular shape changes characteristic of a combination of concentric and eccentric @entity4 growth. However, cardiac muscle cells appear to be unable to compensate for the loss of mass induced by a 50% @entity5 . The inadequate adaptation of the capillary vasculature in the infarcted hearts suggests that the injured ventricle is more vulnerable to additional @entity2 episodes.

title: @entity3 in XXXX . Infarct size, myocyte @entity4 , and capillary growth.

answer: @entity0


abstract: More than one application of the potent @entity0 -promoting agent, @entity2 ( @entity3 ), to @entity1 skin at intervals of more than 48 h led to a larger induction of @entity7 decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17; ODC) than did a single application. In contrast, at intervals of less than 24 h, the first application of @entity3 appeared to induce a refractory state; the second application of @entity3 did not induce ODC. The extent of the inhibitory effect caused by the first application of @entity3 was dependent on the dose. The abilities of a series of @entity6 to induce the refractory state correlated with their promoting abilities. However, both @entity8 and @entity9 , potent hyperplastic agents with little or no promoting properties, induced the refractory state. On the other hand, pretreatment with @entity3 caused a refractory effect on ODC induction by mezerein but potentiated ODC induction by @entity9 . The epidermal cells escaped from the refractory state by repeated application of @entity3 at intervals of 24 h as well as at intervals of twice a week; that is, there was a full induction of ODC activity following a second application within 24 h of a prior application. @entity3 did not elicit production of detectable ODC-antizyme activity in @entity1 epidermis. Mixing of a soluble extract from @entity1 epidermis in the refractory state with that from @entity3 -stimulated epidermis gave essentially additive ODC activity. Elimination of ODC induction by topical application of @entity5 or injection of @entity4 concurrent with the first application of @entity3 did not restore the ability of a second application of @entity3 to induce ODC. These results suggest that the refractory effect on ODC induction by @entity3 does not result from feedback regulation of ODC.

title: @entity0 promoter-induced refractory state against @entity7 decarboxylase induction by XXXX in @entity1 epidermis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: More than one application of the potent @entity0 -promoting agent, @entity2 ( @entity3 ), to @entity1 skin at intervals of more than 48 h led to a larger induction of @entity7 decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17; ODC) than did a single application. In contrast, at intervals of less than 24 h, the first application of @entity3 appeared to induce a refractory state; the second application of @entity3 did not induce ODC. The extent of the inhibitory effect caused by the first application of @entity3 was dependent on the dose. The abilities of a series of @entity6 to induce the refractory state correlated with their promoting abilities. However, both @entity8 and @entity9 , potent hyperplastic agents with little or no promoting properties, induced the refractory state. On the other hand, pretreatment with @entity3 caused a refractory effect on ODC induction by mezerein but potentiated ODC induction by @entity9 . The epidermal cells escaped from the refractory state by repeated application of @entity3 at intervals of 24 h as well as at intervals of twice a week; that is, there was a full induction of ODC activity following a second application within 24 h of a prior application. @entity3 did not elicit production of detectable ODC-antizyme activity in @entity1 epidermis. Mixing of a soluble extract from @entity1 epidermis in the refractory state with that from @entity3 -stimulated epidermis gave essentially additive ODC activity. Elimination of ODC induction by topical application of @entity5 or injection of @entity4 concurrent with the first application of @entity3 did not restore the ability of a second application of @entity3 to induce ODC. These results suggest that the refractory effect on ODC induction by @entity3 does not result from feedback regulation of ODC.

title: @entity0 promoter-induced refractory state against XXXX decarboxylase induction by @entity2 in @entity1 epidermis.

answer: @entity7


abstract: More than one application of the potent @entity0 -promoting agent, @entity2 ( @entity3 ), to @entity1 skin at intervals of more than 48 h led to a larger induction of @entity7 decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17; ODC) than did a single application. In contrast, at intervals of less than 24 h, the first application of @entity3 appeared to induce a refractory state; the second application of @entity3 did not induce ODC. The extent of the inhibitory effect caused by the first application of @entity3 was dependent on the dose. The abilities of a series of @entity6 to induce the refractory state correlated with their promoting abilities. However, both @entity8 and @entity9 , potent hyperplastic agents with little or no promoting properties, induced the refractory state. On the other hand, pretreatment with @entity3 caused a refractory effect on ODC induction by mezerein but potentiated ODC induction by @entity9 . The epidermal cells escaped from the refractory state by repeated application of @entity3 at intervals of 24 h as well as at intervals of twice a week; that is, there was a full induction of ODC activity following a second application within 24 h of a prior application. @entity3 did not elicit production of detectable ODC-antizyme activity in @entity1 epidermis. Mixing of a soluble extract from @entity1 epidermis in the refractory state with that from @entity3 -stimulated epidermis gave essentially additive ODC activity. Elimination of ODC induction by topical application of @entity5 or injection of @entity4 concurrent with the first application of @entity3 did not restore the ability of a second application of @entity3 to induce ODC. These results suggest that the refractory effect on ODC induction by @entity3 does not result from feedback regulation of ODC.

title: XXXX promoter-induced refractory state against @entity7 decarboxylase induction by @entity2 in @entity1 epidermis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: More than one application of the potent @entity0 -promoting agent, @entity2 ( @entity3 ), to @entity1 skin at intervals of more than 48 h led to a larger induction of @entity7 decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17; ODC) than did a single application. In contrast, at intervals of less than 24 h, the first application of @entity3 appeared to induce a refractory state; the second application of @entity3 did not induce ODC. The extent of the inhibitory effect caused by the first application of @entity3 was dependent on the dose. The abilities of a series of @entity6 to induce the refractory state correlated with their promoting abilities. However, both @entity8 and @entity9 , potent hyperplastic agents with little or no promoting properties, induced the refractory state. On the other hand, pretreatment with @entity3 caused a refractory effect on ODC induction by mezerein but potentiated ODC induction by @entity9 . The epidermal cells escaped from the refractory state by repeated application of @entity3 at intervals of 24 h as well as at intervals of twice a week; that is, there was a full induction of ODC activity following a second application within 24 h of a prior application. @entity3 did not elicit production of detectable ODC-antizyme activity in @entity1 epidermis. Mixing of a soluble extract from @entity1 epidermis in the refractory state with that from @entity3 -stimulated epidermis gave essentially additive ODC activity. Elimination of ODC induction by topical application of @entity5 or injection of @entity4 concurrent with the first application of @entity3 did not restore the ability of a second application of @entity3 to induce ODC. These results suggest that the refractory effect on ODC induction by @entity3 does not result from feedback regulation of ODC.

title: @entity0 promoter-induced refractory state against @entity7 decarboxylase induction by @entity2 in XXXX epidermis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Experience of 30 cases with reoperation for recurrent symptoms after @entity1 repair is reported. The primary operation had been transabdominal in 21 cases (11 simple cruroplasty, 7 Nissen, 3 Hill) and transthoracic in 9 (5 Husfeldt, 4 simple cruroplasty). @entity4 and/or esophageal shortening were present in at least 8 @entity0 at the primary operation. Symptoms recurred within a year in 26 of the 30 @entity0 . A transthoracic approach was used for all reoperations. At the time of reoperation, 14 @entity0 had no @entity2 or had @entity5 only. At follow-up (2-12 years) 13 were symptom-free and 1 was improved: X-ray showed @entity3 in one case and 3 had positive standard reflux test. Of the 16 @entity0 with severe @entity2 before reoperation, 12 had shortened esophagus, combined with stricture in 6 cases, and 4 had isolated stricture. The results were less satisfactory in this complicated group, though all were postoperatively improved. There was no operative mortality. Initial failure to recognize esophageal shortening and inadequate repair were common causes of recurrent @entity3 . Symptomatic relief after reoperation was comparable with that after primary repair.

title: Surgical treatment of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux recurring after XXXX repair.

answer: @entity1