abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 crosslinks intermediate filaments to their targets in different tissues. Defects in @entity8 cause epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and sometimes pyloric @entity5 . Association of EBS with a @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was documented in a single @entity0 in 1999. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinical, structural, and genetic aspects of a second and fatal case of EBS associated with a @entity7 and search for the genetic basis of the disease in a previously reported @entity0 with @entity10 . METHODS: Clinical observations; histochemical, immunocytochemical, and electron microscopy studies of skeletal muscle and neuromuscular junction; and mutation analysis. RESULTS: An African American @entity0 had EBS since early infancy, and progressive @entity3 , @entity9 , and myasthenic symptoms refractory to therapy since age 3 years. Eventually he became motionless and died at age 42 years. At age 15 years, he had a marked EMG decrement, and a reduced miniature endplate potential amplitude. The @entity1 was associated with dislocated muscle fiber organelles, structurally abnormal nuclei, focal @entity2 , and focal @entity4 ingress into muscle fibers. The neuromuscular junctions showed destruction of the junctional folds, and remodeling. Mutation analysis demonstrated a known @entity11 and a novel @entity12 mutation in @entity8 . The @entity10 @entity0 reported in 1999 also carried @entity12 and a novel @entity13 mutation. The novel mutations were absent in 200 Caucasian and 100 African American subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity7 in plectinopathy is attributed to destruction of the junctional folds and the @entity1 to defective anchoring of muscle fiber organelles and defects in sarcolemmal integrity.

title: XXXX caused by plectinopathy.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There are currently no effective treatments to halt the muscle breakdown in @entity2 ( @entity2 ), although genetic-based clinical trials are being piloted. Most of these trials have as an endpoint the restoration of dystrophin in muscle fibers, hence requiring sufficiently well-preserved muscle of recruited @entity0 . The choice of the muscles to be studied and the role of noninvasive methods to assess muscle preservation therefore require further evaluation. METHODS: We studied the degree of @entity1 in the lower leg muscles of 34 @entity0 with @entity2 >8 years, using muscle MRI. In a subgroup of 15 @entity0 we correlated the muscle MRI findings with the histology of open extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle biopsies. Muscle MRI involvement was assigned using a scale 0-4 (normal-severe). RESULTS: In all @entity0 we documented a gradient of involvement of the lower leg muscles: the posterior compartment (gastrocnemius > soleus) was most severely affected; the anterior compartment (tibialis anterior/posterior, popliteus, extensor digitorum longus) least affected. Muscle MRI showed EDB involvement that correlated with the @entity0 's age (p = 0.055). We show a correlation between the MRI and EDB histopathologic changes, with MRI 3-4 grades associated with a more severe fibro-adipose tissue replacement. The EDB was sufficiently preserved for bulk and signal intensity in 18/22 wheelchair users aged 10-16.6 years. CONCLUSION: This study provides a detailed correlation between muscle histology and MRI changes in @entity2 and demonstrates the value of this imaging technique as a reliable tool for the selection of muscles in @entity0 recruited into clinical trials.

title: Muscle histology vs MRI in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary @entity3 of the uterus are uncommon, @entity6 being the most frequent. Most uterine @entity3 arise de novo, with malignant transformation of a benign @entity4 being a very rare event, and is reported only in leiomyomata. DESIGN: The clinicopathologic features of 3 uterine @entity5 arising in association with a lipoleiomyoma were studied. Immunohistochemistry for @entity7 , h-caldesmon, @entity9 , and @entity10 , and fluorescence in situ hybridization for the t(12;16) (q13;p11) were performed in all cases. RESULT: @entity0 ranged in age from 49 to 70 (mean, 59) years. The @entity1 were centered in the myometrium, ranged in size from 10 to 18.5 cm, and showed a gelatinous cut surface with foci of @entity2 . On microscopic examination, the @entity1 had well-circumscribed pushing margins. One @entity1 was uniformly hypocellular with a prominent myxoid background, and a striking delicate vascular network. Another @entity1 showed alternating hypocellular (myxoid) and hypercellular areas, whereas the third @entity1 was uniformly hypercellular with a hyalinized background. In the myxoid areas, the cells were small and spindle with oval nuclei and inconspicuous nucleoli. In the hypercellular areas, the cells were pleomorphic with large, hyperchromatic nuclei. Mitotic activity ranged from <3 to 7/10 high-power fields. Lipoblasts were present in all @entity1 but were more common in the hypercellular areas. Two @entity1 merged imperceptibly with a lipoleiomyoma (1 typical and 1 with bizarre nuclei), whereas the third @entity1 showed an infarcted area composed of ghost mature adipocytes admixed with hyalinized smooth muscle most consistent with an infarcted lipoleiomyoma. @entity1 were classified as myxoid, mixed myxoid and pleomorphic, and @entity5 , respectively. The benign and malignant adipose components were positive for @entity9 , whereas the benign smooth muscle component stained for @entity7 and h-caldesmon. @entity10 immunostain was positive in the 2 cases with a @entity5 component. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis was successfully completed in only 1 of 3 @entity1 (pure @entity5 ), which failed to show the @entity8 . The @entity0 are alive and well 1, 2, and 20 years after initial surgery with no adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Primary @entity5 of the uterus are extremely rare and are most likely to arise from malignant transformation of a lipoleiomyoma. These @entity1 should be added to the differential diagnosis of @entity1 , @entity4 , and malignant mixed @entity1 (if pleomorphic) of the uterus.

title: XXXX arising in uterine lipoleiomyoma: a report of 3 cases and review of the literature.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thoracoscopic laser pneumoplasty in the treatment of @entity4 by means of a contact neodymium:yttrium- @entity5 garnet laser was evaluated by a retrospective analysis of the first consecutive 500 procedures in 443 @entity0 . The indication for thoracoscopic laser pneumoplasty was intractable @entity3 . METHODS: Advanced age (mean age, 67 years), high @entity1 dependency (70%), @entity2 use (46%), and markedly diminished physical capacity (2% bedridden and 27% wheelchair-bound) were noted. Thoracoscopic laser pneumoplasty was carried out under general anesthesia and one-lung ventilation. Type 3 @entity6 (381 procedures) were contracted by contact neodymium:yttrium- @entity5 garnet laser and type 4 @entity6 (199 procedures) excised. The operative mortality rate was 4.8%. RESULTS: Subjective improvement was reported by 87% of the @entity0 . Follow-up functional evaluation was available in 229 @entity0 , which showed highly significant improvement. A comparison of preoperative and postoperative functional tests between type 3 and 4 @entity6 @entity0 showed no significant difference, except the latter had higher decrease in airway resistance, residual volume, and total lung capacity. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracoscopic laser pneumoplasty is an effective treatment for both type 3 and 4 @entity4 with an acceptable risk.

title: Thoracoscopic laser pneumoplasty in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility and results of segmentectomy for curative resection of @entity2 and to compare the clinicopathological findings of the @entity0 according to the @entity1 location in the liver. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: A tertiary care center. @entity0 : Seventy-five @entity0 with @entity0 's grade A or B liver function who had @entity2 that was confined to one segment and who underwent segmentectomy for curative resection of the @entity1 . The @entity0 were divided into four groups: group P (posterior segmentectomy, n = 23); group A (anterior segmentectomy, n = 10); group M (medial segmentectomy, n = 16); and group L (lateral segmentectomy, n = 26). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Disease-free survival rate. RESULTS: Seventy-three percent of the @entity0 had @entity5 . The surgical mortality and morbidity rates were 5.3% and 36.0%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 61.9%, 39.1%, and 26.3%, respectively, and were not significantly different among the four groups (P = .86). Group L had the least operative @entity3 and shortest operative time when compared with the other three groups (P < .05). The postoperative liver function changes were mild and transient in the four groups of @entity0 . With regard to pathological factors, only @entity1 size differed among the groups ( @entity1 in group L were significantly larger than those in the other three groups, P < .05). Forty-three percent of the recurrent @entity1 were solitary in the early stage, with 81% involving the segment(s) adjacent to the resected one and 57% being confined solely to the segment adjacent to the resected segment. @entity0 having recurrent @entity2 had significantly larger @entity1 at the time of resection than did those without recurrence (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic segmentectomy is an effective therapeutic approach for @entity2 and can be done safely even in @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity4 .

title: Hepatic segmentectomy for curative resection of primary XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Two ongoing selective breeding projects have produced @entity0 that display divergent analgesic responses to @entity1 . These two projects have selected for similar phenotypes: high and low @entity3 @entity2 (HAR/ @entity4 lines; Portland, OR) and high and low swim stress-induced @entity2 (HA/LA lines; Jastrzebiec, Poland). Evidence suggests genetic commonalities between @entity0 of the two projects. Using a Mendelian breeding protocol, we have recently found that one or two genetic loci predominantly determine the high @entity1 @entity2 exhibited by HA @entity0 . In the present study we demonstrate that the differential @entity1 @entity2 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) displayed by HAR and @entity4 @entity0 is similarly oligogenic, predominantly determined by two unlinked loci. A complementation analysis, in which the analgesic responses to @entity1 of the recessive homozygotes of each project (HAR and HA) were compared to those of their hybrid offspring (HAR x HA), revealed that different genetic loci have been fixed in each project. An intriguing bimodal distribution was observed in the HAR x HA population: Some HAR x HA hybrids displayed greater @entity1 @entity2 than either HAR or HA @entity0 , whereas others displayed minimal @entity2 . @entity4 x LA hybrids displayed less @entity2 than either @entity4 or LA @entity0 . The analgesic responses of HAR x LA and @entity4 x HA @entity0 were comparable to those of their low-line parents. These findings indicate not only that different loci were responsible for producing high @entity1 responders in each selection project but that these distinct loci can interact synergistically to produce "superhigh" and "superlow" responders.

title: Oligogenic determination of XXXX analgesic magnitude: a genetic analysis of selectively bred @entity0 lines.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Two ongoing selective breeding projects have produced @entity0 that display divergent analgesic responses to @entity1 . These two projects have selected for similar phenotypes: high and low @entity3 @entity2 (HAR/ @entity4 lines; Portland, OR) and high and low swim stress-induced @entity2 (HA/LA lines; Jastrzebiec, Poland). Evidence suggests genetic commonalities between @entity0 of the two projects. Using a Mendelian breeding protocol, we have recently found that one or two genetic loci predominantly determine the high @entity1 @entity2 exhibited by HA @entity0 . In the present study we demonstrate that the differential @entity1 @entity2 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) displayed by HAR and @entity4 @entity0 is similarly oligogenic, predominantly determined by two unlinked loci. A complementation analysis, in which the analgesic responses to @entity1 of the recessive homozygotes of each project (HAR and HA) were compared to those of their hybrid offspring (HAR x HA), revealed that different genetic loci have been fixed in each project. An intriguing bimodal distribution was observed in the HAR x HA population: Some HAR x HA hybrids displayed greater @entity1 @entity2 than either HAR or HA @entity0 , whereas others displayed minimal @entity2 . @entity4 x LA hybrids displayed less @entity2 than either @entity4 or LA @entity0 . The analgesic responses of HAR x LA and @entity4 x HA @entity0 were comparable to those of their low-line parents. These findings indicate not only that different loci were responsible for producing high @entity1 responders in each selection project but that these distinct loci can interact synergistically to produce "superhigh" and "superlow" responders.

title: Oligogenic determination of @entity1 analgesic magnitude: a genetic analysis of selectively bred XXXX lines.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is the area under the pressure wave averaged over the cardiac cycle, and therefore depends on pressure wave contour. A generally used rule of thumb to estimate MAP of peripheral arteries in adults is adding one-third of the arterial pulse pressure (PP) to diastolic arterial pressure ( @entity1 ). As peripheral pressure wave forms in neonates do not resemble adult peripheral wave forms, it may be expected that this rule of thumb does not hold for neonates. Previously, we found that MAP can be calculated by adding 50% PP to @entity1 in radial artery waves in neonates. In the present study, we investigated in neonates how MAP in the posterior tibial artery depends on systolic and diastolic pressure and we compared these findings to those found in the radial artery. Forty @entity0 admitted for intensive care were studied. We analyzed 5000 invasively and accurately obtained blood pressure waves in the posterior tibial artery of 20 neonates and another 5000 waves similarly obtained from the radial artery in another group of 20 neonates. We found that MAP in posterior tibial artery waves is well approximated by adding 41.5 +/- 2.0% of PP to @entity1 , whereas MAP in radial artery waves can be calculated by adding 46.7 +/- 1.7% of PP to @entity1 . These values are significantly different (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the rule of thumb as used in the adult to find MAP, where 33% PP is added to @entity1 , does not hold for the newborn. We recommend to calculate MAP in the tibial artery by adding 40% of PP to @entity1 and in the radial artery by adding 50% of PP to @entity1 .

title: Calculated mean arterial pressure in the posterior tibial and radial artery pressure wave in newborn XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The transferability of a British data base for differential diagnosis of @entity3 using data obtained by computer interrogation was tested in 467 Swedish @entity0 . The diagnostic value for @entity4 of symptoms such as frequent night @entity1 relieved by food or antacids, smoking, family history of @entity2 , food @entity1 , male sex, and @entity1 was shown to be reproducible. However, for a number of symptoms their value for the diagnosis of @entity4 could not be reproduced in Swedish @entity0 . The combined value of indicants was tested using a computer based algorithm for calculating diagnostic probabilities. The performance of this algorithm was poor when British data were applied to Swedish @entity0 but reclassification of the Swedish @entity0 on their own data base showed promising results. Crean and colleagues in Glasgow have developed a computer system for automated interrogation of @entity0 with @entity3 . The system utilises a large number of questions to obtain information regarding a maximum of 160 diagnostic indicants. The symptoms elicited from a @entity0 can be compared with those of a large number of previously examined @entity0 and the probabilities of ten different diagnoses can be calculated. The calculation of diagnostic probabilities is based on scores reflecting the diagnostic value of different symptoms in different diseases. After careful translation of questions the system has been transferred for use in Sweden. The present report is based on data from @entity0 seen during the first two years with the system at a Swedish hospital.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Transferability of a computer system for medical history taking and decision support in @entity3 . A comparison of indicants for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The transferability of a British data base for differential diagnosis of @entity3 using data obtained by computer interrogation was tested in 467 Swedish @entity0 . The diagnostic value for @entity4 of symptoms such as frequent night @entity1 relieved by food or antacids, smoking, family history of @entity2 , food @entity1 , male sex, and @entity1 was shown to be reproducible. However, for a number of symptoms their value for the diagnosis of @entity4 could not be reproduced in Swedish @entity0 . The combined value of indicants was tested using a computer based algorithm for calculating diagnostic probabilities. The performance of this algorithm was poor when British data were applied to Swedish @entity0 but reclassification of the Swedish @entity0 on their own data base showed promising results. Crean and colleagues in Glasgow have developed a computer system for automated interrogation of @entity0 with @entity3 . The system utilises a large number of questions to obtain information regarding a maximum of 160 diagnostic indicants. The symptoms elicited from a @entity0 can be compared with those of a large number of previously examined @entity0 and the probabilities of ten different diagnoses can be calculated. The calculation of diagnostic probabilities is based on scores reflecting the diagnostic value of different symptoms in different diseases. After careful translation of questions the system has been transferred for use in Sweden. The present report is based on data from @entity0 seen during the first two years with the system at a Swedish hospital.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Transferability of a computer system for medical history taking and decision support in XXXX . A comparison of indicants for @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Twenty-three cadaveric renal allograft recipients with stable but compromised kidney function were electively converted from @entity5 to @entity7 one year after transplantation. Within a few weeks glomerular filtration rate (GFR) rose by 40% and serum @entity8 fell from 171 +/- 12 (mean +/- SEM) to 129 +/- 7 mumol/L. The increase in GFR was due to an increase in effective renal plasma flow of 21%. This suggests that one year of continuous @entity5 (CsA) therapy does not result in irreversible structural @entity1 . Although antihypertensive treatment was not changed, blood pressure fell from 142 +/- 4/90 +/- 3 to 123 +/- 3/77 +/- 2 mmHg. In addition a significant drop in serum @entity3 and @entity9 and an improvement in @entity6 tolerance were found. The beneficial effects on @entity4 , blood pressure, and metabolic indices were, however, outweighed by a high incidence of postconversion rejection in recipients of a second allograft. For these @entity0 conversion from CsA to @entity7 seems therefore contraindicated. Recipients of a first kidney allograft can be converted safely, as long-term CsA administration in these @entity0 induced a solid engraftment. The sequelae of the mode of treatment--impaired @entity4 , @entity2 , and metabolic disturbances--are reversible even after late conversion.

title: Who should be converted from XXXX to conventional immunosuppression in kidney transplantation, and why.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of @entity2 is increasing in Western societies at great cost. Pancreatic resections have been performed for 60 years and there are hundreds of papers written on the subject, but there is no agreement on the efficacy of resections. Authors have reported on different groups and subsets of @entity0 and have used different statistical methods. Most authors are unable to report a single five-year survivor; others claim a five-year survival rate of 30 to 55 percent. STUDY DESIGN: I have standardized and compared the results reported in 340 papers that deal with survival rates and where there is apparently adequate confirmation of disease. RESULTS: Survivors who have been resected may be reported up to six times even from different countries, whereas survivors who were not resected are frequently overlooked. Actuarial statistical methods exaggerate results when data are lost. After corrections for repetitions, approximately 300 survivors were found, of whom 10 percent had not undergone resection, of the estimated 80,000 @entity0 reported. The overall survival rate was less than 0.4 percent. The best overall survival rate in surgical studies reported in detail is only 3.6 percent and for a nonsurgical study it was 1.7 percent. The average excess cost for each resection was at least  150,000. With only one in 30 @entity0 who underwent resection living for five years, the cumulative cost per "successful" resection was therefore approximately  4.5 million. CONCLUSIONS: Pancreatic resections have had minimal impact on survival rates in @entity0 with @entity1 and are wasteful of resources.

title: XXXX : critical analysis of costs, results of resections, and the need for standardized reporting.

answer: @entity2


abstract: One hundred seven @entity0 who recently had acute @entity1 were randomly assigned either to standard heparin therapy or to intravenous streptokinase within 5 hours after the onset of symptoms in 7 hospitals without catheterization facilities. In the third week, the @entity0 were referred to a university hospital, where the patency rate of the @entity2 was studied by selective coronary arteriography and left ventricular function by radionuclide angiography. Fifty-five @entity0 received heparin and 52 streptokinase within a mean period of 190 minutes after the onset of symptoms. Seven @entity0 in the heparin group and 4 in the streptokinase group died in hospital. The patency rate of the @entity2 was identical in both groups (69% in the heparin group vs 68% in the streptokinase group). Left ventricular ejection fraction was not statistically different (0.44 +/- 0.13 in the heparin group vs 0.45 +/- 0.12 in the streptokinase group). Left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in @entity0 with a patent @entity2 than in @entity0 with an obstructed @entity2 (0.49 +/- 0.12 vs 0.41 +/- 0.15, p less than 0.01). In @entity0 with inferior wall @entity2 , left ventricular ejection fraction was identical (0.50 +/- 0.10 in the heparin group vs 0.52 +/- 0.09, in the streptokinase group). In @entity0 with anterior wall @entity2 , left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in the streptokinase group than in heparin group (0.40 +/- 0.10 vs 0.33 +/- 0.09, p less than 0.05). Analysis of regional wall motion revealed that improvement occurred in the lateral wall of the left ventricle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Effects of early high-dose streptokinase intravenously on left ventricular function in acute XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early case reports suggest more frequent and rapid recurrences of @entity3 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) than after open cholecystectomy. This @entity1 has a poor prognosis and occurs in 1 percent of @entity0 who undergo cholecystectomies. STUDY DESIGN: A recent community hospital series of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was reviewed and the total reported experience of @entity3 after LC was compiled. Diagnostic findings were compared for @entity0 with @entity3 and a consecutive series of 24 @entity0 who had LC for benign disease. RESULTS: Nine @entity0 with @entity3 were found among 928 @entity0 who had undergone cholecystectomy (0.97 percent incidence). Compared to @entity0 without @entity3 , @entity0 with @entity2 were older, had thicker gallbladder walls, and had more abnormalities detected intraoperatively (all p < or = 0.05). Recurrence of @entity3 occurred more rapidly after LC, and in diffuse peritoneal and port sites when compared with recurrence patterns after open cholecystectomy. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity3 , LC may be sufficient when the disease is confined to the gallbladder mucosa and the gallbladder is excised intact without @entity4 . However, @entity0 whose gallbladders are torn during dissection or @entity0 who have invasive @entity1 should undergo laparotomy and local reexcision. In situ @entity3 can be implanted if the organ is torn during dissection. When gallbladders with suspicious wall thickening or adhesions are noted at LC, especially in older @entity0 , the procedure should be converted to open cholecystectomy.

title: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can disseminate in situ XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy have been used to treat peritoneal @entity2 . A complete surgical resection is required for optimal results to be achieved. This study evaluated the preoperative computed tomographic (CT) findings in @entity0 with @entity3 in order to predict the probability of a complete resection. STUDY DESIGN: Computed tomographic scans of the abdomen and pelvis were reviewed retrospectively in 45 @entity0 with a diagnosis of @entity3 who were treated with surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. According to the completeness of cytoreduction, @entity0 were divided into two groups. @entity0 in the first group (n = 25) had complete cytoreduction (CR) with no @entity1 deposits 2.5 mm in diameter or larger left behind. The surgical resection of @entity1 was incomplete in the second group of @entity0 (n = 20). Sixteen CT parameters were initially examined in each group of @entity0 and statistically evaluated according to the completeness of the cytoreductive surgical procedure. RESULTS: The incidences of six CT findings were significantly different in the two groups of @entity0 . These findings were: @entity1 volume in small bowel mesentery (p < 0.001), @entity1 volume in proximal jejunum (p = 0.003), @entity1 volume in distal jejunum (p = 0.002), @entity1 volume in proximal ileum (p = 0.003), mesentery configuration (p < 0.001), and obstruction of @entity1 (p < 0.001). A statistical approach using a tree-structured diagram showed that @entity0 with both obstruction of @entity1 and @entity1 diameter greater than 0.5 cm on small bowel surfaces exclusive of distal ileum on preoperative CT scan, had an 88 percent probability of incomplete resection. @entity0 without these two CT findings had a 92 percent probability of complete resection. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that selection criteria for @entity0 with @entity3 are available on a preoperative CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis. @entity0 whose scans @entity1 and @entity1 diameter greater than 0.5 cm on small bowel surfaces exclusive of distal ileum are unlikely to be candidates for cytoreductive surgery for the treatment of peritoneal @entity2 .

title: Abdominal computed tomographic scan in the selection of @entity0 with XXXX for cytoreductive surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy have been used to treat peritoneal @entity2 . A complete surgical resection is required for optimal results to be achieved. This study evaluated the preoperative computed tomographic (CT) findings in @entity0 with @entity3 in order to predict the probability of a complete resection. STUDY DESIGN: Computed tomographic scans of the abdomen and pelvis were reviewed retrospectively in 45 @entity0 with a diagnosis of @entity3 who were treated with surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. According to the completeness of cytoreduction, @entity0 were divided into two groups. @entity0 in the first group (n = 25) had complete cytoreduction (CR) with no @entity1 deposits 2.5 mm in diameter or larger left behind. The surgical resection of @entity1 was incomplete in the second group of @entity0 (n = 20). Sixteen CT parameters were initially examined in each group of @entity0 and statistically evaluated according to the completeness of the cytoreductive surgical procedure. RESULTS: The incidences of six CT findings were significantly different in the two groups of @entity0 . These findings were: @entity1 volume in small bowel mesentery (p < 0.001), @entity1 volume in proximal jejunum (p = 0.003), @entity1 volume in distal jejunum (p = 0.002), @entity1 volume in proximal ileum (p = 0.003), mesentery configuration (p < 0.001), and obstruction of @entity1 (p < 0.001). A statistical approach using a tree-structured diagram showed that @entity0 with both obstruction of @entity1 and @entity1 diameter greater than 0.5 cm on small bowel surfaces exclusive of distal ileum on preoperative CT scan, had an 88 percent probability of incomplete resection. @entity0 without these two CT findings had a 92 percent probability of complete resection. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that selection criteria for @entity0 with @entity3 are available on a preoperative CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis. @entity0 whose scans @entity1 and @entity1 diameter greater than 0.5 cm on small bowel surfaces exclusive of distal ileum are unlikely to be candidates for cytoreductive surgery for the treatment of peritoneal @entity2 .

title: Abdominal computed tomographic scan in the selection of XXXX with @entity3 for cytoreductive surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We have examined a series of 37 @entity3 for the presence of HPV 6/11, 16, and 18 DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/Southern blotting and for @entity2 alterations by immunohistochemistry and mutation screening with temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE). HPV sequences were found in a total of 26 of 37 @entity0 (70.3%), most frequently @entity4 (20/37) followed by HPV 18 (11/37). Double infections with @entity4 and 18 were present in 5 @entity0 . @entity2 accumulation was detectable immunohistochemically in 21 of 37 @entity1 (56.8%). There were remarkable differences in the distribution of immunoreactive @entity0 cells in relation to the @entity0 grade. A mutation screening for @entity2 by TGGE, directed to the amplified exons 5-8, revealed @entity2 mutations in 14 of 37 @entity1 (37.8%). Mutations in two different exons were present in 3 @entity0 , 11 @entity0 being hit once. Exon 7 was mutated in 6 @entity1 , exons 5 and 8 in 4 cases, and exon 6 in 3 cases. When grouping the @entity0 with @entity2 mutation according to their HPV state, HPV-positive cases showed slightly more mutations (11/26) than HPV-negative cases (3/11). Only 5 of 37 @entity1 (13.5%) contained neither HPV DNA nor @entity2 alterations. Our results indicate that high-risk HPV and @entity2 mutations frequently coexist in @entity1 , in @entity0 , @entity1 of the cervix uteri. This may reflect different pathways in carcinogenesis in squamous cell epithelium from different sites.

title: HPV DNA and XXXX alterations in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have examined a series of 37 @entity3 for the presence of HPV 6/11, 16, and 18 DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/Southern blotting and for @entity2 alterations by immunohistochemistry and mutation screening with temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE). HPV sequences were found in a total of 26 of 37 @entity0 (70.3%), most frequently @entity4 (20/37) followed by HPV 18 (11/37). Double infections with @entity4 and 18 were present in 5 @entity0 . @entity2 accumulation was detectable immunohistochemically in 21 of 37 @entity1 (56.8%). There were remarkable differences in the distribution of immunoreactive @entity0 cells in relation to the @entity0 grade. A mutation screening for @entity2 by TGGE, directed to the amplified exons 5-8, revealed @entity2 mutations in 14 of 37 @entity1 (37.8%). Mutations in two different exons were present in 3 @entity0 , 11 @entity0 being hit once. Exon 7 was mutated in 6 @entity1 , exons 5 and 8 in 4 cases, and exon 6 in 3 cases. When grouping the @entity0 with @entity2 mutation according to their HPV state, HPV-positive cases showed slightly more mutations (11/26) than HPV-negative cases (3/11). Only 5 of 37 @entity1 (13.5%) contained neither HPV DNA nor @entity2 alterations. Our results indicate that high-risk HPV and @entity2 mutations frequently coexist in @entity1 , in @entity0 , @entity1 of the cervix uteri. This may reflect different pathways in carcinogenesis in squamous cell epithelium from different sites.

title: HPV DNA and @entity2 alterations in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study has quantified the effects of insulin treatment with and without @entity2 reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on intestinal epithelial cell morphology in @entity3 - @entity0 @entity1 . Epithelial volumes, villous and microvillous surface areas and mean volumes of cells (and their nuclei) in crypts and villi were estimated in each of four segments and in the entire intestine. We derived total numbers of cells, quantified the ultrastructural features of average cells and explored variation along the intestine and between experimental groups. In crypts, insulin and ponalrestat had significant effects on cell number (reduced towards normal values) and size (volume and apex area increased beyond normal values). There were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat for cell volume and apex area (insulin producing more exaggerated effects when given without @entity4 ). On villi, insulin and ponalrestat returned cell numbers towards normal values but neither treatment normalised cell size or the number and area of microvilli per cell. Indeed, ponalrestat increased microvillous number and area beyond values found in untreated @entity0 animals. Again, there were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat. Patterns of segmental variation seen in crypts of normal @entity1 (values tending to be higher in proximal or mid-intestinal regions) were not preserved, and only some of the segmental differences seen on villi (higher values at proximal or mid-intestinal sites) were maintained during therapy. Apart from reducing the abnormally high numbers of cells in untreated @entity0 @entity1 , these results show that insulin and ponalrestat treatment fail to restitute epithelial cell morphology in the small intestines of experimental @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Number and ultrastructure of epithelial cells in crypts and villi along the @entity3 - XXXX small intestine: a quantitative study on the effects of insulin and @entity2 reductase inhibition.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study has quantified the effects of insulin treatment with and without @entity2 reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on intestinal epithelial cell morphology in @entity3 - @entity0 @entity1 . Epithelial volumes, villous and microvillous surface areas and mean volumes of cells (and their nuclei) in crypts and villi were estimated in each of four segments and in the entire intestine. We derived total numbers of cells, quantified the ultrastructural features of average cells and explored variation along the intestine and between experimental groups. In crypts, insulin and ponalrestat had significant effects on cell number (reduced towards normal values) and size (volume and apex area increased beyond normal values). There were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat for cell volume and apex area (insulin producing more exaggerated effects when given without @entity4 ). On villi, insulin and ponalrestat returned cell numbers towards normal values but neither treatment normalised cell size or the number and area of microvilli per cell. Indeed, ponalrestat increased microvillous number and area beyond values found in untreated @entity0 animals. Again, there were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat. Patterns of segmental variation seen in crypts of normal @entity1 (values tending to be higher in proximal or mid-intestinal regions) were not preserved, and only some of the segmental differences seen on villi (higher values at proximal or mid-intestinal sites) were maintained during therapy. Apart from reducing the abnormally high numbers of cells in untreated @entity0 @entity1 , these results show that insulin and ponalrestat treatment fail to restitute epithelial cell morphology in the small intestines of experimental @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Number and ultrastructure of epithelial cells in crypts and villi along the @entity3 - @entity0 small intestine: a quantitative study on the effects of insulin and XXXX reductase inhibition.

answer: @entity2


abstract: This study has quantified the effects of insulin treatment with and without @entity2 reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on intestinal epithelial cell morphology in @entity3 - @entity0 @entity1 . Epithelial volumes, villous and microvillous surface areas and mean volumes of cells (and their nuclei) in crypts and villi were estimated in each of four segments and in the entire intestine. We derived total numbers of cells, quantified the ultrastructural features of average cells and explored variation along the intestine and between experimental groups. In crypts, insulin and ponalrestat had significant effects on cell number (reduced towards normal values) and size (volume and apex area increased beyond normal values). There were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat for cell volume and apex area (insulin producing more exaggerated effects when given without @entity4 ). On villi, insulin and ponalrestat returned cell numbers towards normal values but neither treatment normalised cell size or the number and area of microvilli per cell. Indeed, ponalrestat increased microvillous number and area beyond values found in untreated @entity0 animals. Again, there were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat. Patterns of segmental variation seen in crypts of normal @entity1 (values tending to be higher in proximal or mid-intestinal regions) were not preserved, and only some of the segmental differences seen on villi (higher values at proximal or mid-intestinal sites) were maintained during therapy. Apart from reducing the abnormally high numbers of cells in untreated @entity0 @entity1 , these results show that insulin and ponalrestat treatment fail to restitute epithelial cell morphology in the small intestines of experimental @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Number and ultrastructure of epithelial cells in crypts and villi along the XXXX - @entity0 small intestine: a quantitative study on the effects of insulin and @entity2 reductase inhibition.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) continue to cause significant morbidity and occasional deaths among mountain recreationists and residents. Descent to lower altitude is still considered the treatment of choice, but an increased role for medical therapy is emerging. @entity5 is currently the drug of choice for prevention of @entity6 , and probably @entity4 as well. Numerous studies have demonstrated the drug's effectiveness when it is started 12 to 24 hours before ascent. Suggestions for indications, dosage, and regimen vary with different authors. Lower dosage offers adequate protection with fewer side effects. @entity5 has still not been adequately studied for treatment of @entity1 . @entity0 effectively treats @entity4 and mild @entity6 , but is not as useful for @entity3 . @entity2 recently was found effective for treatment of @entity6 , including early @entity3 , but not for advanced @entity3 . Side effects limit its use for prophylaxis, but @entity2 offers an alternative to @entity5 for those with sulfa intolerance.

title: Medical therapy of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. Possible cholinoceptor-mediated effects on lipolysis were investigated in vivo in @entity0 subcutaneous adipose tissue of @entity1 , non-smoking, healthy subjects, by use of microdialysis. Cholinomimetic and sympathomimetic agents were added to the in going dialysate solvent. 2. Addition of @entity6 to the perfusion solvent caused a concentration-dependent reversible increase in the levels of @entity2 in the dialysate (lipolysis index). The opposite effect (also concentration-dependent and reversible) was caused by the addition of @entity8 . The maximum effects were 100% stimulation and 50% inhibition, respectively, by @entity6 and @entity8 . Neither @entity6 nor @entity8 stimulated nutritive blood flow in adipose tissue (as measured with an @entity4 escape technique). 3. The @entity6 effect in situ was concentration-dependently counteracted by the nicotinic cholinoceptor antagonist, @entity10 . Likewise, the @entity8 effect was concentration-dependently counteracted by the muscarinic cholinoceptor antagonist, @entity7 . 4. When adipose tissue was pretreated with @entity9 plus @entity5 in order to obtain a complete alpha and beta-adrenoceptor blockade, the subsequent addition of @entity6 or @entity8 still induced an increase and decrease in dialysate @entity2 levels (lipolytic or antilipolytic effects), respectively. When adipose tissue was pretreated with @entity10 or @entity7 , the subsequent addition of @entity3 caused a reversible decrease and increase, respectively, of the dialysate @entity2 levels. 5. @entity6 and @entity8 had no effects on @entity2 release from @entity0 isolated subcutaneous fat cells that were incubated in vivo. 6. In conclusion, the data demonstrate a dual effect of the cholinoceptor system on @entity2 output inhuman adipose tissue: stimulation through nicotinic receptors and inhibition through muscarinic receptors. These effects, which are not observed in vitro, are independent of the adrenergic system and the local blood flow and seem not to be mediated by a direct action on the fat cell.

title: Cholinoceptor-mediated effects on XXXX output from @entity0 adipose tissue using in situ microdialysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Possible cholinoceptor-mediated effects on lipolysis were investigated in vivo in @entity0 subcutaneous adipose tissue of @entity1 , non-smoking, healthy subjects, by use of microdialysis. Cholinomimetic and sympathomimetic agents were added to the in going dialysate solvent. 2. Addition of @entity6 to the perfusion solvent caused a concentration-dependent reversible increase in the levels of @entity2 in the dialysate (lipolysis index). The opposite effect (also concentration-dependent and reversible) was caused by the addition of @entity8 . The maximum effects were 100% stimulation and 50% inhibition, respectively, by @entity6 and @entity8 . Neither @entity6 nor @entity8 stimulated nutritive blood flow in adipose tissue (as measured with an @entity4 escape technique). 3. The @entity6 effect in situ was concentration-dependently counteracted by the nicotinic cholinoceptor antagonist, @entity10 . Likewise, the @entity8 effect was concentration-dependently counteracted by the muscarinic cholinoceptor antagonist, @entity7 . 4. When adipose tissue was pretreated with @entity9 plus @entity5 in order to obtain a complete alpha and beta-adrenoceptor blockade, the subsequent addition of @entity6 or @entity8 still induced an increase and decrease in dialysate @entity2 levels (lipolytic or antilipolytic effects), respectively. When adipose tissue was pretreated with @entity10 or @entity7 , the subsequent addition of @entity3 caused a reversible decrease and increase, respectively, of the dialysate @entity2 levels. 5. @entity6 and @entity8 had no effects on @entity2 release from @entity0 isolated subcutaneous fat cells that were incubated in vivo. 6. In conclusion, the data demonstrate a dual effect of the cholinoceptor system on @entity2 output inhuman adipose tissue: stimulation through nicotinic receptors and inhibition through muscarinic receptors. These effects, which are not observed in vitro, are independent of the adrenergic system and the local blood flow and seem not to be mediated by a direct action on the fat cell.

title: Cholinoceptor-mediated effects on @entity2 output from XXXX adipose tissue using in situ microdialysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In recent years, there have been a large number of neuropeptides discovered that regulate food intake. Many of these peptides regulate food intake by increasing or decreasing @entity1 (NO). In the current study, we compared the effect of the food modulators @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity2 in NOS KO @entity0 . Satiated homozygous and heterozygous NOS KO @entity0 and their wild type controls were administered @entity3 ICV. Food intake was measured for 2h post injection. @entity3 did not increase food intake in the homozygous NOS KO @entity0 compared to vehicle treated NOS KO @entity0 , whereas food intake was increased in the wild type controls compared to vehicle treated wild type controls. @entity4 was administered ICV and food intake measured for 2h. Homozygous NOS KO @entity0 showed no increase in food intake after @entity4 administration, whereas the wild type controls did. In our final study, we administered @entity2 intraperitoneally to homozygous and heterozygous NOS KO @entity0 and their wild type controls after overnight food deprivation. Food intake was measured for 1h after injection. @entity2 inhibited food intake in wild type @entity0 after overnight food deprivation, however, @entity2 failed to inhibit food intake in the NOS KO @entity0 . The heterozygous @entity0 showed partial food inhibition after the @entity2 . The current results add further support to the theory that NO is a central mediator in food intake.

title: XXXX is a central component in neuropeptide regulation of appetite.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between mood and @entity6 and @entity10 after controlling for @entity10 risk factors. METHODS: Using a nationally representative sample of adults (N=5692) from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R), @entity0 with @entity12 were hierarchically classified as having any lifetime history of @entity7 , hypomania, or major @entity9 . @entity6 were also assessed. The reference group consisted of those without @entity5 . @entity10 was determined by self-reported history of @entity8 , @entity8 , or @entity3 on the NCS-R survey. Vascular risk factors included @entity1 , @entity4 , and @entity2 . RESULTS: In multivariate logistic regression models that controlled for @entity2 , @entity4 , smoking and @entity11 was associated with @entity7 in @entity0 [odds ratio (OR) 2.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63-4.80], and major @entity9 in @entity0 (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.17-2.92). Controlling for @entity6 reduced the associations in both @entity0 and @entity0 , and in fact, @entity6 were more strongly associated with @entity10 in @entity0 , whereas @entity7 continued to be an important correlate of @entity10 in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate the importance of evaluation of sex differences, @entity12 subtype and co-occurring @entity6 in assessing the association between @entity12 and @entity10 . Future research should investigate potential biologic mechanisms for these associations in order to define potential targets for intervention.

title: The association between mood and @entity6 with XXXX and risk factors in a nationally representative sample.

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between mood and @entity6 and @entity10 after controlling for @entity10 risk factors. METHODS: Using a nationally representative sample of adults (N=5692) from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R), @entity0 with @entity12 were hierarchically classified as having any lifetime history of @entity7 , hypomania, or major @entity9 . @entity6 were also assessed. The reference group consisted of those without @entity5 . @entity10 was determined by self-reported history of @entity8 , @entity8 , or @entity3 on the NCS-R survey. Vascular risk factors included @entity1 , @entity4 , and @entity2 . RESULTS: In multivariate logistic regression models that controlled for @entity2 , @entity4 , smoking and @entity11 was associated with @entity7 in @entity0 [odds ratio (OR) 2.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63-4.80], and major @entity9 in @entity0 (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.17-2.92). Controlling for @entity6 reduced the associations in both @entity0 and @entity0 , and in fact, @entity6 were more strongly associated with @entity10 in @entity0 , whereas @entity7 continued to be an important correlate of @entity10 in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate the importance of evaluation of sex differences, @entity12 subtype and co-occurring @entity6 in assessing the association between @entity12 and @entity10 . Future research should investigate potential biologic mechanisms for these associations in order to define potential targets for intervention.

title: The association between mood and XXXX with @entity10 and risk factors in a nationally representative sample.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have directly compared cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) with combined CRT-cardioverter defibrillator therapy (CRT-D) in @entity0 with @entity3 . We performed a systematic analysis to assess the therapeutic effects of CRT and CRT-D in @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity2 . METHODS: The Medline database from 1970 to September 2010 was searched. The major outcome examined was the all-cause @entity1 rate. RESULTS: A total of 3404 @entity0 were retrieved from seven studies. Overall, CRT-D reduced all-cause @entity1 by 8.42% compared with CRT [odds ratio (OR) 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43-0.81, P=0.001, I(2)=63.9%]. An increased benefit was seen after extended follow-up (after 1 year, OR 0.56, CI 0.41-0.77, P=0.0004, I(2)=64.9%), but not after relatively short follow-up (within 1 year, P=0.11). Results from other endpoints examined, such as @entity1 from @entity4 and @entity2 , also supported CRT-D treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence from current randomised and non-randomised trials demonstrates some superiorities of CRT-D over CRT, such as all-cause @entity1 rate after one-year follow-up and @entity1 , in @entity0 with @entity3 . However, these findings must be verified in larger, randomised, prospective trials, including with extended @entity0 follow-up.

title: Comparison of CRT and CRT-D in XXXX : systematic review of controlled trials.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The design, syntheses, photochemical and biological properties of conjugates of @entity8 with @entity10 - (1) and @entity7 -containing (2) analogues of @entity12 are reported. The results of an @entity5 displacement assay and circular dichroism (CD) titration studies show both compounds bind with a higher affinity to poly(dA-dT) than to @entity9 . In addition they bind as strongly to T4 coliphage DNA as to @entity3 thymus DNA suggesting the binding occurs in the minor groove. The quenching rate constants of the singlet excited states of agents 1 and 2 by molecular @entity1 were found to be 8.5 x 10(9) M-1S-1 and 7.7 x 10(9) M-1S-1, suggesting the involvement of singlet @entity1 . Both compounds showed some @entity2 to @entity0 @entity4 K562 cells in the dark. Upon irradiation the activities were significantly enhanced resulting in photoinduced dose modifications of 8 and 14 for 1 and 2, respectively under the conditions employed. Both agents were markedly more @entity6 than @entity11 8. To address the mechanism of action of compounds 1 and 2 their photoactivated abilities to produce DNA strand breaks were measured. Both agents caused increased single strand breakage with increasing UV exposure. The concentrations (EC50) of 1 and 2 needed to cause 50% single-strand cleavage of pBR322 DNA upon UV-A activation were found to be 40 microM and 45 microM, respectively. In contrast, no DNA strand breaks were observed in the dark with either conjugate or with 8 following irradiation. DNA strand breaks were measured in drug treated K562 cells using alkaline elution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Novel cytotoxic DNA sequence and minor groove targeted photosensitizers: conjugates of @entity8 and XXXX analogues.

answer: @entity12


abstract: The design, syntheses, photochemical and biological properties of conjugates of @entity8 with @entity10 - (1) and @entity7 -containing (2) analogues of @entity12 are reported. The results of an @entity5 displacement assay and circular dichroism (CD) titration studies show both compounds bind with a higher affinity to poly(dA-dT) than to @entity9 . In addition they bind as strongly to T4 coliphage DNA as to @entity3 thymus DNA suggesting the binding occurs in the minor groove. The quenching rate constants of the singlet excited states of agents 1 and 2 by molecular @entity1 were found to be 8.5 x 10(9) M-1S-1 and 7.7 x 10(9) M-1S-1, suggesting the involvement of singlet @entity1 . Both compounds showed some @entity2 to @entity0 @entity4 K562 cells in the dark. Upon irradiation the activities were significantly enhanced resulting in photoinduced dose modifications of 8 and 14 for 1 and 2, respectively under the conditions employed. Both agents were markedly more @entity6 than @entity11 8. To address the mechanism of action of compounds 1 and 2 their photoactivated abilities to produce DNA strand breaks were measured. Both agents caused increased single strand breakage with increasing UV exposure. The concentrations (EC50) of 1 and 2 needed to cause 50% single-strand cleavage of pBR322 DNA upon UV-A activation were found to be 40 microM and 45 microM, respectively. In contrast, no DNA strand breaks were observed in the dark with either conjugate or with 8 following irradiation. DNA strand breaks were measured in drug treated K562 cells using alkaline elution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Novel cytotoxic DNA sequence and minor groove targeted photosensitizers: conjugates of XXXX and @entity12 analogues.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Laminin is present on the apical and basolateral sides of epithelial cells of very early sea urchin blastulae. We investigated whether small laminin-peptides, known to have cell binding activities, alter the development of sea urchin embryos. The peptide YIGSR- @entity1 (850 microM) and the peptide @entity3 (5 microM), which contains the peptide sequence IKVAV (Tashiro et al., J. Biol. Chem. 264, 16174, 1989), typically blocked archenteron formation when added to the sea water soon after fertilization. At lower doses, the YIGSR peptide allowed invagination of the archenteron but blocked archenteron extension and differentiation and evagination of the feeding arms. The effect of YIGSR and @entity4 -2 peptides declined when added to progressively older stages until no effect was seen when added at the mesenchyme blastula stage (24 hours after fertilization). Control peptides GRGDS, YIGSE, and SHA22, a dodeca-peptide with a scrambled IKVAV sequence, had no effect on development. The YIGSK peptide containing a conserved @entity0 modification had only a small effect on gastrulation. The results suggest that YIGSR and IKVAV peptides specifically disrupt cell/extracellular matrix interactions required for normal development of the archenteron and feeding arms. Our recent finding that YTGIR is at the cell binding site of the B1 chain of @entity2 laminin supports this conclusion. Evidently, laminin or other laminin-like molecules are among the many extracellular matrix components needed for the invagination and extension of the archenteron during the gastrulation movements of these embryos.

title: Gastrulation in the sea urchin, XXXX , is disrupted by the small laminin peptides YIGSR and IKVAV.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Studies of chemotherapy in advanced or recurrent @entity1 have focussed on ovarian, cervical, and @entity9 . For celomic @entity2 of the ovary, a large number of cytotoxic agents have been shown to be active. Dramatic improvement in frequency of response with lesser improvement in survival has been noted with the use of @entity6 -based combination chemotherapy as compared to single alkylating agents. More recent studies have evaluated alternative ways to employ @entity6 : higher dose schedules, intraperitoneal administration, and @entity7 compounds with a potentially better therapeutic index. None has yet been shown superior to a combination of relatively low-dose @entity6 plus an alkylating agent with or without @entity5 . @entity6 remains the best studied and most active single agent in @entity0 with @entity8 . While a number of other agents have demonstrated moderate activity, no combination of drugs has as yet proved superior to single-agent @entity6 . In @entity9 , @entity10 and @entity5 are the most active agents. @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity11 appear to have moderate activity. No combination has yet been shown to be superior to single agents. Information on chemotherapy for less common gynecologic @entity1 is largely anecdotal. Two observations are of note. @entity6 -based combination chemotherapy is highly active against germ-cell neoplasms of the ovary. @entity6 also has definite activity against mixed @entity3 .

title: Chemotherapy for advanced or recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A new computer assisted method for analysing RR interval histograms was devised in 32 @entity0 with sustained @entity1 . Twenty four hour ECG recordings were divided consecutively into periods with 64 heart beats and mean heart rates calculated for each period. Using increments of 10 beats. @entity2 serial heart rate stratified histograms with 5120 RR intervals were constructed according to the calculated heart rate. In all histograms the RR intervals were sorted into 20 ms wide subgroups between 180 and 2100 ms. The analysis showed a bimodal RR distribution in 26 @entity0 . Several indices were chosen to characterise a given RR interval peak in the histogram analysis. The rate dependence of peak was calculated for each individual peak. In the presence of two or more peaks a peak dominance change value was defined. Furthermore, differences and ratios between peak values at peak dominance change value (peak gap and peak value ratio) were calculated. A contour index was used to describe the smoothness of the appearance of the histogram. Comparisons were made between the histograms with periods composed of different numbers of heart beats (8, 16, 32, 64) for the mean heart rate calculation and between the histograms constructed with different numbers of RR intervals (512, 1024, 2560, 5120, 10,240, pooled data) in six @entity0 . A significant finding was that greater than 5000 RR intervals should be used for the construction of a heart rate stratified histogram. Comparison was also made between the repeated histograms with a mean time interval of 137 days (7-413 days) in eight @entity0 . The findings showed a high reproducibility of the heart rate stratified histogram.

title: Methodological aspects of the use of heart rate stratified RR interval histograms in the analysis of atrioventricular conduction during XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The etiology of @entity6 remains unclear. The majority of @entity7 are solitary and probably false and may be the result of the same degenerative process seen in the more common left-sided @entity7 . A minority are true @entity7 and may be of congenital origin. @entity6 is clinically indistinguishable from @entity4 although @entity0 with @entity6 tend to be older (average age, 40 years), have a longer duration of symptoms, and present less often with @entity2 and @entity3 . In @entity0 with previous appendectomy and in those with more indolent symptoms, barium enema may be helpful in making the diagnosis. If nonoperative treatment is chosen, careful follow-up with air contrast barium enema and colonoscopy should be carried out. The majority of @entity0 require surgery and two types of @entity6 are encountered at laparotomy. The usual type, accounting for two thirds of cases, is easy to recognize, has an inflamed projection from the cecal wall, and is dealt with by a limited local diverticulectomy. Some authors advocate nonsurgical treatment for this first group of @entity0 . Incidental appendectomy is advocated to avoid @entity5 should symptoms occur postoperatively. The hidden variant presents as a large, indurated phlegmon and is difficult to distinguish from a perforated @entity1 . With the hidden variant, right hemicolectomy is the surgical treatment of choice and carries a 1.4 percent mortality.

title: XXXX . A review of the American experience.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Beside having roles in energy homeostasis and endocrine modulation, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is now considered a promising source of mesenchymal stromal cells (adipose-derived stromal cells or ASCs) for regenerative medicine. Despite numerous studies on cultured ASCs, native @entity0 ASCs are rarely investigated. Indeed, the phenotype of ASCs in their native state, their localization within @entity1 and comparison with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) has been poorly investigated. DESIGN: To address these issues, the stroma vascular fraction (SVF) of @entity0 @entity1 was extracted and native cell subtypes were isolated by immunoselection to study their clonogenic potential in culture. Immunohistology on samples of @entity0 @entity1 in combination with reconstruction of confocal sections were performed in order to localize ASCs. RESULTS: Compared with BM-MNCs, all native ASCs were found in the @entity2 (+) cell fraction of the @entity3 . Native ASCs expressed classical mesenchymal markers described for BM-MSCs. Interestingly, @entity2 expression decreased during ASC cell culture and was negatively correlated with cell proliferation rate. Immunohistological analysis revealed that native ASCs exhibited specific morphological features with protrusions. They were found scattered in @entity1 and did not express in vivo pericytic markers such as @entity5 , @entity4 or alpha-smooth muscle actin, which appeared during the culture process. Finally, ASCs spontaneous commitment to adipocytic lineage was enhanced in @entity1 from obese @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The use of complementary methodological approaches to study native @entity0 ASCs revealed their immunophenotype, their specific morphology, their location within @entity1 and their stemness. Furthermore, our data strongly suggest that @entity0 ASCs participate in adipogenesis during @entity1 development.

title: Native XXXX adipose stromal cells: localization, morphology and phenotype.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the influence of clinical and angiographic variables, including the anatomic disease pattern, on the outcome of iliac stent placement. @entity0 AND METHODS: The 455 @entity0 of the study population were divided in three groups according to the anatomic distribution of their peripheral @entity3 lesions. Pattern type 1 (focal aortoiliac and/or common iliac lesion) included 180 @entity0 (39.6%), type 2 ( @entity2 ) comprised 58 @entity0 (12.8%), and type 3 (multilevel lesions) included 217 @entity0 (47.7%). RESULTS: Complete relief of symptoms immediately after revascularization was observed in 88.3% and 85.4% of @entity0 with pattern type 1 and 2, respectively, compared to 60.1% with type 3 (P < .05). The persistence of clinical benefit at 36-month follow-up was 91.6%, 97.9%, and 60.8% in disease patterns 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The overall 1-year mortality rate was 3% with type 1 lesions, 5.7% with type 2, and 9.7% with type 3. On multivariate logistic regression, the presence of a disease pattern type 3 was the most powerful indicator (P < .001) of early unsatisfactory clinical outcome in iliac stent placement. Unexpectedly, female gender was predictive of unsatisfactory clinical outcome (P < .01) and higher periprocedural complications (P < .001) following iliac stent revascularization. CONCLUSIONS: Pattern type classification helps identify @entity0 at higher risk for @entity1 and mortality. Ideal candidates for iliac stent placement are @entity0 with pattern type 1 or 2 disease.

title: Influence of anatomic distribution of XXXX on the outcome of revascularization with iliac stent placement.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the safety, efficacy, and diagnostic utility of percutaneous cholecystostomy in @entity0 with suspected calculous or @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Percutaneous cholecystostomy guided with ultrasound (US) was performed in 58 consecutive hospitalized @entity0 with suspected acute @entity4 (28 with calculous, 30 with @entity2 ) who were not surgical candidates. RESULTS: The gallbladder was successfully catheterized in all 58 @entity0 ; 48 @entity0 (83%) had a final diagnosis of acute @entity4 . Clinical benefit was seen in 26 of 28 @entity0 (93%) with @entity4 and in 16 of 20 @entity0 (80%) with @entity2 . The six @entity0 who did not respond had pathologic evidence of transmural @entity1 , and five had a gangrenous wall. The gallbladder was excluded as the source of @entity3 in 10 @entity0 with suspected @entity5 . These @entity0 ' conditions did not improve after percutaneous cholecystostomy. Of the 48 @entity0 with @entity4 , 18 underwent cholecystectomy, 25 recovered and had their catheters removed, and five died of other causes with their catheters in place. There was one major complication, and seven minor complications. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous cholecystostomy is efficacious in both calculous and @entity5 , but it may be most useful in the diagnosis of @entity5 .

title: Percutaneous cholecystostomy for the diagnosis and treatment of acute calculous and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of a new technique of transvascular renal biopsy with a flexible @entity4 in high-risk @entity0 and compare its results with those reported for other techniques of renal biopsy. @entity0 AND METHODS: Sixteen transfemoral renal biopsies were performed in 13 high-risk @entity0 . Indications included severe @entity3 , combined renal-hepatic biopsy, morbid @entity1 , solitary kidney, and poor clinical condition. The technique was performed through the femoral vein; a 7-F Mullins introducer sheath was placed in a subcortical renal vein, and the biopsy was performed with a flexible biopsy @entity4 . RESULTS: Renal tissue was obtained in 15 of 16 procedures (93.7%) with at least one glomerulus in 14 of 16 (87.5%), and at least six glomeruli in 11 of 16 procedures (69%). Samples adequate for diagnosis were obtained in 13 of 16 procedures (81%). Mean number of glomeruli per procedure was 12.6 (range, 0-39). Aside from transient @entity2 in two @entity0 , no other complications were known to have occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Transfemoral renal biopsy is a safe technique for acquisition of renal samples in high-risk @entity0 . The procedure can be performed at the same time as other vascular techniques. The histopathologic results, although worse than those obtained with the percutaneous approach, are better than those reported with other transvascular techniques.

title: Renal biopsy with XXXX through the femoral vein.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We report on a 22-year old @entity0 who received a cadaveric renal transplant following haemodialysis treatment for five months due to endstage chronic @entity4 . 14 months after successful transplantation while on stable renal function (serum- @entity7 1.0-1.4 mg%) the @entity0 became pregnant. As an immunosuppressive therapy the @entity0 got @entity2 and @entity5 . The monitoring of the immunosuppressive therapy ( @entity2 ) was performed by daily measurement of serum concentration by radioimmunoassay. Drug administration was adjusted to maintain serum levels of 250-550 ng/ml. Increased dosages were required from 25th week until delivery. Until the 25th week of gestation the pregnancy was uncomplicated from both the nephrological and obstetrical points of view. At the 25th week of gestation the @entity0 became anuric. This was caused by a @entity1 due to the compression of the transplantar ureter by the pregnant uterus. Nephrostomy was installed and was used until the end of pregnancy. In the third trimester the foetus showed @entity6 . For this reason a Caesarean section was necessary at the 36th week of gestation. A healthy @entity0 was delivered weighing 2080 g and measuring 45 cm. No @entity3 were observed, the chromosomal analysis showed no aberrations. After the delivery @entity2 concentrations in the blood of the mother and the newborn were simultaneously measured. A remarkable difference in these concentrations was observed particularly in the mother's blood 864 ng/ml whereas in the baby's blood the concentration was 312 ng/ml. Three days after the delivery the @entity0 was able to urinate normally so that the nephrostomy could be removed.

title: [Pregnancy and labor following kidney transplantation with XXXX . Case report and review of the literature].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effect of a 5-day course of systemic @entity2 was investigated in 11 recall maintenance @entity0 over a period of 3 months. Crevicular fluid flow, @entity1 on probing, pocket depth, and composition of the subgingival microbiota as observed by dark-field microscopy, were measured. The study design allowed @entity0 to act as their own controls. At baseline 1 (day 0), each @entity0 had a randomly assigned quadrant scaled and root-planed, and received oral hygiene instruction. Microbiological and clinical parameters were measured at baseline 1 (before treatment) and at 3, 6, and 12 weeks in both the root-planed and a designated no-treatment quadrant. At baseline 2 (12 weeks), the contralateral quadrant was scaled and root-planed, and the oral hygiene instruction was reinforced. At this appointment, each @entity0 was given 15 @entity2 tablets (250 mg), 1 to be taken 3 times per day for 5 days. At the end of this period, @entity0 were seen 1-2 h after taking their last tablet, and blood and crevicular fluid samples were taken to determine the concentration of @entity2 by microbiological assay in the serum and crevicular fluid. Microbiological and clinical parameters were measured at baseline 2 (before treatment) and at 13, 15, 18, and 24 weeks in both the root-planed and designated non-root-planed ( @entity2 only) quadrants. Results demonstrated that in this group of recall maintenance @entity0 , @entity2 was no more effective than root-planing alone in reducing the relative % of total motile organisms and spirochetes in 5-8 mm pockets. Crevicular fluid flow was, however, significantly reduced for 11 weeks; serum and crevicular fluid levels of @entity2 were similar 1 to 2 h after drug ingestion.

title: Effects of short-term administration of XXXX on the subgingival microflora.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the hypothesis that skin involvement from @entity2 of the @entity1 is a prognostic indicator of a poor outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective review of cases and statistical assessment of median survival times. @entity0 : @entity0 with @entity2 of the @entity1 . Fifteen @entity0 had direct skin extension and 11 @entity0 had intradermal lymphatic spread. SETTING: University medical center. RESULTS: Direct skin involvement was a prognostic sign of poor outcome but was less ominous than skin involvement by intradermal lymphatic spread. The @entity0 with direct involvement had a 7-month median survival; those with lymphatic spread had a 3-month median survival. At 3 years, all but one @entity0 had died. Involvement of facial skin was better prognostically for duration of survival than was involvement of neck skin. Surgical resection of the involved skin in half of the @entity0 extended palliation 20 months beyond the median survival of the other @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Skin involvement from @entity2 of the @entity1 indicates a poor prognosis, but resection offers short-term palliation.

title: Prognostic significance of skin involvement from mucosal tumors of the XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine if treatment with recombinant @entity0 @entity4 ) increases the adhesion to, and lysis of, @entity3 ( @entity9 ) cells by lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) and peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) effector cells in vitro and to evaluate the role of cell surface adhesion molecules in these processes. DESIGN: Two @entity0 @entity9 cell lines, JHU-020- @entity9 and JHU-022- @entity9 , were used. Lymphokine-activated killer cells were generated by @entity6 stimulation of PBM cells obtained from the hemapheresis blood donor packs of healthy individuals. Adhesion assays were performed to assess the level of binding of both effector populations to @entity9 cells, which were treated with either fresh media or rHuIFN-gamma (100 U/mL). Binding was measured by flow cytometric detection of effector cells labeled with @entity5 -conjugated anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody. Monoclonal antibodies to the cell adhesion molecules HLA-DR, @entity10 were used in blocking experiments to determine their contribution to the process of effector- @entity9 cell adhesion. @entity2 experiments were performed using a colorimetric assay to determine the cytotoxic response generated by LAK and PBM cells against @entity9 cells, with and without prior rHuIFN-gamma treatment of the @entity1 cells. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effector cell binding level and percent @entity2 of @entity9 cells. RESULTS: Recombinant @entity0 @entity4 treatment of JHU-020- @entity9 cells resulted in increased adhesion to both LAK cells and PBM cells (P < .001). The presence of anti- @entity7 antibody resulted in elimination of the enhanced adhesion seen with rHuIFN-gamma pretreatment of @entity9 cells (P =.03), but antibody to @entity8 and HLA-DR did not reduce the level of effector binding. The greatest cytotoxic response against both @entity9 and JHU-022- @entity9 was seen with LAK cells (P < or = .001). Pretreatment of @entity1 targets by rHuIFN-gamma (100 U/mL) resulted in no enhancement of cytotoxic response by either LAK or PBM cells; at the effector-target ratio of 30:1, there was a significant decrease in LAK cell-mediated cytotoxic response against rHuIFN-gamma-treated @entity9 cells (P < or = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Recombinant @entity0 @entity4 treatment of head and neck @entity9 cells does increase binding of both LAK cells and PBM cells to @entity1 cells, in part via the @entity7 ligand mechanism. The cytotoxic effect mediated by LAK cells against head and neck @entity9 cells is reduced after rHuIFN-gamma treatment, suggesting that the activity of this cytokine may be more important in regulating antigen-specific cytotoxic response mediated by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.

title: @entity4 enhances lymphokine-activated killer cell adhesion but not lysis of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine if treatment with recombinant @entity0 @entity4 ) increases the adhesion to, and lysis of, @entity3 ( @entity9 ) cells by lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) and peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) effector cells in vitro and to evaluate the role of cell surface adhesion molecules in these processes. DESIGN: Two @entity0 @entity9 cell lines, JHU-020- @entity9 and JHU-022- @entity9 , were used. Lymphokine-activated killer cells were generated by @entity6 stimulation of PBM cells obtained from the hemapheresis blood donor packs of healthy individuals. Adhesion assays were performed to assess the level of binding of both effector populations to @entity9 cells, which were treated with either fresh media or rHuIFN-gamma (100 U/mL). Binding was measured by flow cytometric detection of effector cells labeled with @entity5 -conjugated anti-CD45 monoclonal antibody. Monoclonal antibodies to the cell adhesion molecules HLA-DR, @entity10 were used in blocking experiments to determine their contribution to the process of effector- @entity9 cell adhesion. @entity2 experiments were performed using a colorimetric assay to determine the cytotoxic response generated by LAK and PBM cells against @entity9 cells, with and without prior rHuIFN-gamma treatment of the @entity1 cells. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effector cell binding level and percent @entity2 of @entity9 cells. RESULTS: Recombinant @entity0 @entity4 treatment of JHU-020- @entity9 cells resulted in increased adhesion to both LAK cells and PBM cells (P < .001). The presence of anti- @entity7 antibody resulted in elimination of the enhanced adhesion seen with rHuIFN-gamma pretreatment of @entity9 cells (P =.03), but antibody to @entity8 and HLA-DR did not reduce the level of effector binding. The greatest cytotoxic response against both @entity9 and JHU-022- @entity9 was seen with LAK cells (P < or = .001). Pretreatment of @entity1 targets by rHuIFN-gamma (100 U/mL) resulted in no enhancement of cytotoxic response by either LAK or PBM cells; at the effector-target ratio of 30:1, there was a significant decrease in LAK cell-mediated cytotoxic response against rHuIFN-gamma-treated @entity9 cells (P < or = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Recombinant @entity0 @entity4 treatment of head and neck @entity9 cells does increase binding of both LAK cells and PBM cells to @entity1 cells, in part via the @entity7 ligand mechanism. The cytotoxic effect mediated by LAK cells against head and neck @entity9 cells is reduced after rHuIFN-gamma treatment, suggesting that the activity of this cytokine may be more important in regulating antigen-specific cytotoxic response mediated by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.

title: XXXX enhances lymphokine-activated killer cell adhesion but not lysis of @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 (induced by 8 weeks of oral 0.05% @entity6 ) heightened the phenotype of mdx @entity1 dystrophin-deficient @entity2 to more closely resemble @entity0 @entity4 . Muscle repair after crush injury to the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) in @entity3 mdx @entity1 showed decreased myotube formation and delayed debris removal. To investigate whether reduced muscle precursor cell proliferation can account for the effects of @entity3 on repair from injury, immunocytochemistry for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on muscle precursor cells and autoradiography to detect DNA synthesis were performed in control and mdx TA. The proportions of labelled @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), and total mononuclear cell nuclei (TLN, the majority being muscle precursors) were counted in defined areas of regenerating TA after 2 and 4 days recovery. @entity7 and the numbers of activated satellite cell nuclei on intact fibers were counted in surviving areas. In the same muscle, earlier phases of regeneration were observed in areas distal than proximal to the injury. At 2 days of regeneration, labelled @entity7 were increased in treated compared with untreated mdx TA. In distal areas at 4 days, fewer muscle precursors had recently fused to myotubes in treated than in untreated mdx. In proximal areas 4 days (relatively late in repair), TLN data suggested that muscle precursor proliferation was greater in @entity3 compared with untreated mdx TA. @entity5 immunostaining was consistent with proliferation data and confirmed that there were more muscle precursors in mdx than in control regenerating muscle. These results suggest that @entity3 prolongs and increases the phase of replication by mdx muscle precursors and delays precursor fusion into myotubes in regeneration.

title: @entity3 prolongs and increases mdx muscle precursor proliferation and delays myotube formation in normal and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 (induced by 8 weeks of oral 0.05% @entity6 ) heightened the phenotype of mdx @entity1 dystrophin-deficient @entity2 to more closely resemble @entity0 @entity4 . Muscle repair after crush injury to the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) in @entity3 mdx @entity1 showed decreased myotube formation and delayed debris removal. To investigate whether reduced muscle precursor cell proliferation can account for the effects of @entity3 on repair from injury, immunocytochemistry for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on muscle precursor cells and autoradiography to detect DNA synthesis were performed in control and mdx TA. The proportions of labelled @entity7 ( @entity7 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), and total mononuclear cell nuclei (TLN, the majority being muscle precursors) were counted in defined areas of regenerating TA after 2 and 4 days recovery. @entity7 and the numbers of activated satellite cell nuclei on intact fibers were counted in surviving areas. In the same muscle, earlier phases of regeneration were observed in areas distal than proximal to the injury. At 2 days of regeneration, labelled @entity7 were increased in treated compared with untreated mdx TA. In distal areas at 4 days, fewer muscle precursors had recently fused to myotubes in treated than in untreated mdx. In proximal areas 4 days (relatively late in repair), TLN data suggested that muscle precursor proliferation was greater in @entity3 compared with untreated mdx TA. @entity5 immunostaining was consistent with proliferation data and confirmed that there were more muscle precursors in mdx than in control regenerating muscle. These results suggest that @entity3 prolongs and increases the phase of replication by mdx muscle precursors and delays precursor fusion into myotubes in regeneration.

title: XXXX prolongs and increases mdx muscle precursor proliferation and delays myotube formation in normal and @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Surgical specimens from 62 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 were morphologically investigated. Lesions were classified according to WHO (mild, moderate, severe @entity1 and @entity3 ) and according to Toki et al. (1991) (warty, basaloid, combined warty/basaloid or basaloid/warty types or mixed (warty, basaloid and simple) forms). Following the WHO classification, moderate @entity1 was shown in 4 cases, severe @entity1 in 47 and @entity3 in 11 cases. Pure warty type was shown in 2 cases (both biopsy specimens). One case revealed @entity2 whereas no case of pure basaloid type was found. Various combinations of warty and basaloid types were shown in 52 cases and mixed forms in 7 cases. The results indicate that pure forms of warty and basaloid types probably do not exist. HPV DNA was detected by PCR in 51/58 cases (88%) (45 with @entity5 and 6 with HPV type 33) evenly distributed in all age groups and in all types of lesions (WHO and Toki et al. 1991). By ISH HPV was detected in 24/62 cases (39%) (21 with @entity5 /18 and 3 with HPV type 31/33), nearly always in warty areas. All these cases were positive for the same virus type by PCR. No case revealed more than one type of HPV. HPV type 6, 11, 18, and 31 were not detected by PCR. The results indicate a correlation between @entity5 and 33 and @entity1 / @entity3 in the vulva.

title: Human papillomavirus (HPV) in XXXX and @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Surgical specimens from 62 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 were morphologically investigated. Lesions were classified according to WHO (mild, moderate, severe @entity1 and @entity3 ) and according to Toki et al. (1991) (warty, basaloid, combined warty/basaloid or basaloid/warty types or mixed (warty, basaloid and simple) forms). Following the WHO classification, moderate @entity1 was shown in 4 cases, severe @entity1 in 47 and @entity3 in 11 cases. Pure warty type was shown in 2 cases (both biopsy specimens). One case revealed @entity2 whereas no case of pure basaloid type was found. Various combinations of warty and basaloid types were shown in 52 cases and mixed forms in 7 cases. The results indicate that pure forms of warty and basaloid types probably do not exist. HPV DNA was detected by PCR in 51/58 cases (88%) (45 with @entity5 and 6 with HPV type 33) evenly distributed in all age groups and in all types of lesions (WHO and Toki et al. 1991). By ISH HPV was detected in 24/62 cases (39%) (21 with @entity5 /18 and 3 with HPV type 31/33), nearly always in warty areas. All these cases were positive for the same virus type by PCR. No case revealed more than one type of HPV. HPV type 6, 11, 18, and 31 were not detected by PCR. The results indicate a correlation between @entity5 and 33 and @entity1 / @entity3 in the vulva.

title: Human papillomavirus (HPV) in @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 has a good meningeal diffusion and is effective at low concentrations on many bacteria, especially ampicillin resistant Enterobacteriaceae and @entity5 . We have therefore used @entity4 (150 mg/kg/24 h, continuous infusions lasting 30 minutes q. 6 h.) in @entity2 due to gram negative bacilli. Twenty eight @entity0 and @entity0 have been treated within 4 years. The 13 @entity5 (including 2 beta-lactamase producers) have been cured without immediate sequelae. The duration of treatment could be reduced from 3 weeks to 2 weeks. The 7 @entity0 with Enterobacteria @entity2 (6 @entity1 and 1 Serratia) have been cured of their infection with a 21 to 28 days treatment. The C.S.F. was sterile 2-3 days after treatment except a case of @entity1 persisting during 7 days in C.S.F. contrasting with a normal ventricular fluid. A case of relapse with @entity1 remaining sensitive was cured with a new course of the same treatment. Five @entity2 complicated with @entity3 needed external drainage: the fluid was sterile 1 day after treatment in 4 of them. Two superinfections of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt due to Enterobacteriaceae have been cured. To obtain a good result, the need for a careful drug monitoring must be emphasized.

title: [Treatment of @entity2 in the @entity0 using XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 has a good meningeal diffusion and is effective at low concentrations on many bacteria, especially ampicillin resistant Enterobacteriaceae and @entity5 . We have therefore used @entity4 (150 mg/kg/24 h, continuous infusions lasting 30 minutes q. 6 h.) in @entity2 due to gram negative bacilli. Twenty eight @entity0 and @entity0 have been treated within 4 years. The 13 @entity5 (including 2 beta-lactamase producers) have been cured without immediate sequelae. The duration of treatment could be reduced from 3 weeks to 2 weeks. The 7 @entity0 with Enterobacteria @entity2 (6 @entity1 and 1 Serratia) have been cured of their infection with a 21 to 28 days treatment. The C.S.F. was sterile 2-3 days after treatment except a case of @entity1 persisting during 7 days in C.S.F. contrasting with a normal ventricular fluid. A case of relapse with @entity1 remaining sensitive was cured with a new course of the same treatment. Five @entity2 complicated with @entity3 needed external drainage: the fluid was sterile 1 day after treatment in 4 of them. Two superinfections of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt due to Enterobacteriaceae have been cured. To obtain a good result, the need for a careful drug monitoring must be emphasized.

title: [Treatment of XXXX in the @entity0 using @entity4 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 has a good meningeal diffusion and is effective at low concentrations on many bacteria, especially ampicillin resistant Enterobacteriaceae and @entity5 . We have therefore used @entity4 (150 mg/kg/24 h, continuous infusions lasting 30 minutes q. 6 h.) in @entity2 due to gram negative bacilli. Twenty eight @entity0 and @entity0 have been treated within 4 years. The 13 @entity5 (including 2 beta-lactamase producers) have been cured without immediate sequelae. The duration of treatment could be reduced from 3 weeks to 2 weeks. The 7 @entity0 with Enterobacteria @entity2 (6 @entity1 and 1 Serratia) have been cured of their infection with a 21 to 28 days treatment. The C.S.F. was sterile 2-3 days after treatment except a case of @entity1 persisting during 7 days in C.S.F. contrasting with a normal ventricular fluid. A case of relapse with @entity1 remaining sensitive was cured with a new course of the same treatment. Five @entity2 complicated with @entity3 needed external drainage: the fluid was sterile 1 day after treatment in 4 of them. Two superinfections of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt due to Enterobacteriaceae have been cured. To obtain a good result, the need for a careful drug monitoring must be emphasized.

title: [Treatment of @entity2 in the XXXX using @entity4 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity2 DNA packaging system in vitro defined here is composed of purified proheads and two non-capsid proteins, the products of genes 18 and 19 (gp18 and gp19). In this system, a precursor complex (50 S complex) accumulates in the presence of @entity1 ( @entity0 -gamma-S), a non-hydrolyzable analog of @entity0 . The 50 S complex is converted to a filled head in the presence of @entity0 . The conversion of the 50 S complex, formed by preincubation with @entity0 -gamma-S, to the mature head proceeds in a synchronous manner after the addition of @entity0 . The lag time for formation of mature heads from the 50 S complex is 1.8, 4.5 and 6.8 minutes at 30, 25 and 20 degrees C, respectively. DNA is translocated into the capsid at a constant rate of 5.7 x 10(3) base-pairs per minute at 20 degrees C. The conversion of the 50 S complex to the mature head exhibits a sigmoidal relationship with respect to the concentration of @entity0 , the concentration for half-maximal activity being about 20 microM. The transition of the prohead to the expanded capsid occurs at 20 degrees C at one minute 40 seconds after the initiation of DNA translocation, when one-fourth of the genome has been packaged into a prohead. At the same time, the capsid-DNA complex becomes stable to high concentrations of salt. When DNA translocation is interrupted by the addition of @entity0 -gamma-S, packaged DNA exists at 0 degrees C as well as at 20 degrees C but the exit of DNA stops after one-third of the genome is inside the capsid. After exit, DNA is retranslocated into the expanded capsid by the addition of @entity0 at a rate of about 5.7 x 10(3) base-pairs per minute at 20 degrees C. The decrease in concentration of @entity0 interrupts DNA translocation into the capsid but does not induce DNA exit. Interrupted DNA translocation may be reinitiated by the addition of @entity0 . DNA exit is not induced by the addition of @entity0 -gamma-S to mature heads or partially filled heads pretreated with DNase.

title: Characterization of the XXXX DNA packaging reaction in vitro in a defined system.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A series of investigations was performed in which @entity2 rested quietly for 40-min and performed aerobic exercise on separate occasions. Blood pressure (BP) and state @entity0 were assessed prior to and following the conditions. In the first experiment, 15 normotensive @entity2 were assessed during the 3-h following the treatments. The results revealed that state @entity0 and BP were reduced following both conditions. The exercise-induced @entity1 remained significant for 2 to 3 h (P less than 0.05), whereas the @entity1 returned to baseline within 20-min following cessation of quiet rest. The second experiment involved an evaluation of the effects of exercise and quiet rest on 15 pharmacologically controlled hypertensive @entity2 . A significant @entity1 (P less than 0.05) was observed following exercise and quiet rest. State @entity0 was reduced following quiet rest and exercise (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that exercise and quiet rest have similar effects on state @entity0 , and both conditions are followed by a transitory reduction in blood pressure. These anti- @entity0 effects, however, are sustained for a longer period following exercise.

title: Influence of exercise and quiet rest on state XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A clinical trial for @entity0 with measurable, disseminated @entity2 is being conducted to determine: (1) if intratumoral expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) affects response to protracted-infusion @entity5 ( @entity5 ); and (2) whether intratumoral expression of @entity4 increases when clinical resistance is found after response to @entity5 . Polymerase chain reaction technology is employed to determine @entity4 expression. Using @entity3 as an internal standard, @entity4 expressions for 26 @entity0 range from 0.5 x 10(-3) to 22.6 x 10(-3). Currently, 22 @entity0 are evaluable for response and @entity4 quantitation of their measurable @entity1 . 8 @entity0 (36%) have had partial responses; 3 responding @entity0 had been previously treated with @entity5 . A strong statistical association between @entity4 expression and resistance to therapy has been found (P = 0.004). No @entity0 with @entity4 expression of 4.0 x 10(-3) or greater has responded. On average, @entity0 previously treated with @entity5 have slightly higher levels of @entity4 expression in their measurable @entity1 (P = 0.4). Whether responding @entity0 will develop increased expressions of @entity1 remains to be determined. Confirmation of these results in a larger cohort could lead to a scientific rationale for deciding upon specific therapy for @entity0 with disseminated @entity2 .

title: Quantitation of intratumoral XXXX expression predicts for resistance to protracted infusion of @entity5 and weekly leucovorin in disseminated @entity2 : preliminary report from an ongoing trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A clinical trial for @entity0 with measurable, disseminated @entity2 is being conducted to determine: (1) if intratumoral expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) affects response to protracted-infusion @entity5 ( @entity5 ); and (2) whether intratumoral expression of @entity4 increases when clinical resistance is found after response to @entity5 . Polymerase chain reaction technology is employed to determine @entity4 expression. Using @entity3 as an internal standard, @entity4 expressions for 26 @entity0 range from 0.5 x 10(-3) to 22.6 x 10(-3). Currently, 22 @entity0 are evaluable for response and @entity4 quantitation of their measurable @entity1 . 8 @entity0 (36%) have had partial responses; 3 responding @entity0 had been previously treated with @entity5 . A strong statistical association between @entity4 expression and resistance to therapy has been found (P = 0.004). No @entity0 with @entity4 expression of 4.0 x 10(-3) or greater has responded. On average, @entity0 previously treated with @entity5 have slightly higher levels of @entity4 expression in their measurable @entity1 (P = 0.4). Whether responding @entity0 will develop increased expressions of @entity1 remains to be determined. Confirmation of these results in a larger cohort could lead to a scientific rationale for deciding upon specific therapy for @entity0 with disseminated @entity2 .

title: Quantitation of intratumoral @entity4 expression predicts for resistance to protracted infusion of @entity5 and weekly leucovorin in disseminated XXXX : preliminary report from an ongoing trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A clinical trial for @entity0 with measurable, disseminated @entity2 is being conducted to determine: (1) if intratumoral expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) affects response to protracted-infusion @entity5 ( @entity5 ); and (2) whether intratumoral expression of @entity4 increases when clinical resistance is found after response to @entity5 . Polymerase chain reaction technology is employed to determine @entity4 expression. Using @entity3 as an internal standard, @entity4 expressions for 26 @entity0 range from 0.5 x 10(-3) to 22.6 x 10(-3). Currently, 22 @entity0 are evaluable for response and @entity4 quantitation of their measurable @entity1 . 8 @entity0 (36%) have had partial responses; 3 responding @entity0 had been previously treated with @entity5 . A strong statistical association between @entity4 expression and resistance to therapy has been found (P = 0.004). No @entity0 with @entity4 expression of 4.0 x 10(-3) or greater has responded. On average, @entity0 previously treated with @entity5 have slightly higher levels of @entity4 expression in their measurable @entity1 (P = 0.4). Whether responding @entity0 will develop increased expressions of @entity1 remains to be determined. Confirmation of these results in a larger cohort could lead to a scientific rationale for deciding upon specific therapy for @entity0 with disseminated @entity2 .

title: Quantitation of intratumoral @entity4 expression predicts for resistance to protracted infusion of XXXX and weekly leucovorin in disseminated @entity2 : preliminary report from an ongoing trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: In September 1985, an outbreak of @entity3 O157:H7 @entity5 affected 55 of 169 residents and 18 of 137 staff members at a nursing home. The outbreak was characterized by two phases: a primary wave whose source was probably a contaminated sandwich meal and a secondary wave compatible with @entity0 -to- @entity0 transmission of @entity2 . Among the elderly residents, the incubation period was 4 to 9 days (mean, 5.7 +/- 1.2). Older age and previous gastrectomy increased the risk of acquiring the @entity2 (P = 0.01 and 0.03, respectively). Antibiotic therapy during exposure was associated with acquiring a secondary @entity2 (P = 0.001). @entity4 developed in 12 affected residents (22 percent), 11 of whom died. Overall, 19 (35 percent) of the affected residents died, 17 (31 percent) from causes attributable to their @entity2 . Antibiotic therapy after the onset of symptoms was associated with a higher case fatality rate in the more severe cases, possibly because @entity0 with more severe disease tended to be treated with antibiotics. There were no complications or @entity1 among the affected members of the staff. Evidence of @entity2 by verotoxin-producing @entity3 O157:H7 was detected in 30 of 70 cases on the basis of isolation of this organism or demonstration of free @entity6 in stools. All isolates belonged to the same phage type. The high morbidity and mortality associated with this condition emphasize the need for proper food hygiene, rapid identification of outbreaks of disease, and prompt institution of @entity2 -control techniques among the institutionalized elderly.

title: A severe outbreak of XXXX O157:H7--associated hemorrhagic colitis in a nursing home.

answer: @entity3