abstract: UNASSIGNED: Without surgical treatment, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) mortality in the first year of life exceeds 90  % and, in spite of improved surgical outcomes, many families still opt for non-surgical management. The purpose of this study was to investigate trends in neonatal @entity1 management and to identify characteristics of @entity0 who did not undergo surgical palliation. Neonates with @entity1 were identified from a serial cross-sectional analysis using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Kids' Inpatient Database from 2000 to 2012. The primary analysis compared @entity0 undergoing surgical palliation to those discharged alive without surgery using a binary logistic regression model. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to determine factors associated with treatment choice. A total of 1750 @entity0 underwent analysis. Overall hospital mortality decreased from 35.3  % in 2000 to 22.9  % in 2012. The percentage of @entity0 undergoing comfort care discharge without surgery also decreased from 21.2 to 14.8  %. After controlling for demographics and comorbidities, older @entity0 at presentation were less likely to undergo surgery (OR 0.93, 0.91-0.96), and @entity0 in 2012 were more likely to undergo surgery compared to those in prior years (OR 1.5, 1.1-2.1). Discharge without surgical intervention is decreasing with a 30  % reduction between 2000 and 2012. Given the improvement in surgical outcomes, further dialogue about ethical justification of non-operative comfort or palliative care is warranted. In the meantime, clinicians should present families with surgical outcome data and recommend intervention, while supporting their option to refuse.

title: Management Options and Outcomes for Neonatal XXXX in the Early Twenty-First Century.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Implanting the largest valved conduit possible - oversizing - to reconstruct an absent connection from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery in certain types of @entity3 has been suggested as a compensating measure for somatic outgrowth of the @entity0 . However, one effect that has not been investigated yet is the hemodynamic consequence. For this purpose, virtual implantation and flow simulations were conducted in this study. METHODS: To isolate the effects of conduit oversizing on the hemodynamics observed after conduit implantation and outgrowth, calculated @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of image-based @entity4 ( @entity4 ) simulations were used as indicators. Three different sizes of valved conduits (20 mm, 22 mm, and 24 mm), including the largest possible conduit size, virtually implanted in a @entity0 -sized healthy pulmonary artery and the corresponding adult-sized model were investigated. RESULTS: The @entity0 and adult models show a decrease of the mean @entity2 (approx. 26%) in the whole domain with an increase of the conduit size. When looking at the mean @entity2 at the @entity1 , for the @entity0 model the @entity2 is significantly increased (approx. 40%) when oversizing (Z-score +3.21). In contrast, the stresses are decreased for the adult model (34%) when using the largest conduit (Z-score +0.25). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, it must be considered that choosing a prosthesis size that will lead to high @entity2 and an associated intimal reaction, possibly leading to stenosis, can defeat the benefit of having a nominally larger orifice area directly after implantation.

title: Effect of pulmonary conduit oversizing on hemodynamics in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Transdermal delivery of @entity2 (QR, @entity2 ), a natural @entity3 with a considerable antioxidant capacity, is important for medical treatment of, e.g., @entity0 . QR permeability through skin is low, which, at the same time, makes the monitoring of percutaneous QR penetration difficult. The objective of this study was to assess an electrochemical method for monitoring QR penetration through skin membranes. An electrode was covered with the membrane, exposed to QR solution, and electrode current was measured. The registered current was due to electro-oxidation of QR penetrating the membrane. Exploiting strict current-QR flux relationships diffusion coefficient, D, of QR in skin and dialysis membranes was calculated. The D values were strongly dependent on the theoretical model and parameters assumed in the processing of the amperometric data. The highest values of D were in the range of 1.6-6.1*10(-7)cm(2)/s. This was reached only for skin membranes pretreated with buffer- @entity1 mixture for more than 24h. QR solutions containing penetration enhancers, @entity1 and @entity4 , definitely increased D values. The results demonstrate that electrochemical setup gives a possibility to assess penetration characteristics as well as enables monitoring of penetration dynamics, which is more difficult by traditional methods using Franz cells.

title: Amperometric monitoring of XXXX permeation through skin membranes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epigenetic regulation of oxidative stress is emerging as a critical mediator of @entity6 . In @entity0 , oxidative damage occurs when there is an imbalance between reactive @entity1 species generation and enzymatic antioxidant repair. Here, we investigated the function of the histone methyltransferase enzyme enhancer of zeste homolog 2 ( @entity9 ) in attenuating oxidative injury in podocytes, focusing on its regulation of the endogenous antioxidant inhibitor @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Pharmacologic or genetic depletion of @entity9 augmented @entity7 expression and oxidative stress in podocytes cultured under high- @entity4 conditions. Conversely, @entity9 upregulation through inhibition of its regulatory microRNA, microRNA-101, downregulated @entity7 and attenuated oxidative stress. In @entity0 @entity2 , depletion of @entity9 decreased histone 3 @entity3 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), increased glomerular @entity7 expression, induced podocyte injury, and augmented oxidative stress and @entity5 . Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing revealed H3K27me3 enrichment at the promoter of the transcription factor @entity8 , which was upregulated on @entity9 depletion and bound to the @entity7 promoter, controlling expression of its gene product. In high @entity4 -exposed podocytes and the kidneys of @entity0 @entity2 , the lower @entity9 expression detected coincided with upregulation of @entity8 and @entity7 . Finally, in a gene expression array, @entity7 was among seven of 30,854 genes upregulated by high @entity4 , @entity9 depletion, and the combination thereof. Thus, @entity9 represses the transcription factor @entity8 , which controls expression of the antioxidant inhibitor @entity7 , and in @entity0 , downregulation of @entity9 promotes oxidative stress. These findings expand the extent to which epigenetic processes affect the @entity0 kidney to include antioxidant repair.

title: The Histone Methyltransferase Enzyme Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protects against Podocyte Oxidative Stress and Renal Injury in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity10 is a fairly common feature observed in @entity0 with delayed development, defined as head circumference less than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. It may be the result of an acquired insult to the brain, such prenatal or perinatal @entity9 ( @entity7 or @entity8 ischemic @entity4 ), or be a part of a @entity3 . There are over 1000 conditions listed in OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in @entity0 ) where @entity10 is a key finding; many of these are associated with specific somatic features and non-CNS anomalies. The term primary @entity10 is used when @entity10 and delayed development are the primary features, and they are not part of another recognized syndrome. In this case report, we present the clinical features of siblings (brother and sister) with primary @entity10 and delayed development, and @entity5 . Both @entity0 had brain MRI studies that showed periventricular and subcortical T2/FLAIR hyperintensities, without signs of @entity2 , and no parenchymal calcifications by CT scan. The family was enrolled in a research study for whole exome sequencing of probands and parents. Analysis of variants determined that the @entity0 were compound heterozygotes for nonsense mutations, @entity13 (p.Arg93*) and @entity14 (p.Arg133*), in the @entity12 gene. Mutations in this gene have only recently been reported in @entity0 with @entity10 and early onset @entity1 . Our report adds to current knowledge of @entity12 related @entity6 and demonstrates imaging findings suggestive of @entity11 in this disorder. Accurate diagnosis through genomic testing, as in the @entity0 described here, allows for early detection and management of medical complications, such as @entity1 .

title: Case Report: Compound heterozygous nonsense mutations in @entity12 are associated with @entity10 , delayed development, and periventricular XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity10 is a fairly common feature observed in @entity0 with delayed development, defined as head circumference less than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. It may be the result of an acquired insult to the brain, such prenatal or perinatal @entity9 ( @entity7 or @entity8 ischemic @entity4 ), or be a part of a @entity3 . There are over 1000 conditions listed in OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in @entity0 ) where @entity10 is a key finding; many of these are associated with specific somatic features and non-CNS anomalies. The term primary @entity10 is used when @entity10 and delayed development are the primary features, and they are not part of another recognized syndrome. In this case report, we present the clinical features of siblings (brother and sister) with primary @entity10 and delayed development, and @entity5 . Both @entity0 had brain MRI studies that showed periventricular and subcortical T2/FLAIR hyperintensities, without signs of @entity2 , and no parenchymal calcifications by CT scan. The family was enrolled in a research study for whole exome sequencing of probands and parents. Analysis of variants determined that the @entity0 were compound heterozygotes for nonsense mutations, @entity13 (p.Arg93*) and @entity14 (p.Arg133*), in the @entity12 gene. Mutations in this gene have only recently been reported in @entity0 with @entity10 and early onset @entity1 . Our report adds to current knowledge of @entity12 related @entity6 and demonstrates imaging findings suggestive of @entity11 in this disorder. Accurate diagnosis through genomic testing, as in the @entity0 described here, allows for early detection and management of medical complications, such as @entity1 .

title: Case Report: Compound heterozygous nonsense mutations in XXXX are associated with @entity10 , delayed development, and periventricular @entity2 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: @entity10 is a fairly common feature observed in @entity0 with delayed development, defined as head circumference less than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender. It may be the result of an acquired insult to the brain, such prenatal or perinatal @entity9 ( @entity7 or @entity8 ischemic @entity4 ), or be a part of a @entity3 . There are over 1000 conditions listed in OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in @entity0 ) where @entity10 is a key finding; many of these are associated with specific somatic features and non-CNS anomalies. The term primary @entity10 is used when @entity10 and delayed development are the primary features, and they are not part of another recognized syndrome. In this case report, we present the clinical features of siblings (brother and sister) with primary @entity10 and delayed development, and @entity5 . Both @entity0 had brain MRI studies that showed periventricular and subcortical T2/FLAIR hyperintensities, without signs of @entity2 , and no parenchymal calcifications by CT scan. The family was enrolled in a research study for whole exome sequencing of probands and parents. Analysis of variants determined that the @entity0 were compound heterozygotes for nonsense mutations, @entity13 (p.Arg93*) and @entity14 (p.Arg133*), in the @entity12 gene. Mutations in this gene have only recently been reported in @entity0 with @entity10 and early onset @entity1 . Our report adds to current knowledge of @entity12 related @entity6 and demonstrates imaging findings suggestive of @entity11 in this disorder. Accurate diagnosis through genomic testing, as in the @entity0 described here, allows for early detection and management of medical complications, such as @entity1 .

title: Case Report: Compound heterozygous nonsense mutations in @entity12 are associated with XXXX , delayed development, and periventricular @entity2 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: The effect of hypobaric hypoxaemia on the concentration of metabolic substrates in the ovine fetus and pregnant ewe with implanted vascular catheters, was investigated. At 120 to 141 days of gestation @entity3 were subjected to hypobaria (mean fetal carotid @entity6 12.7 +/- 0.7 torr; n = 9) or normobaria (mean fetal carotid @entity6 22.7 +/- 0.7 torr; n = 11; P less than 0.001). At 141 days gestation mean fetal weight was 3.46 +/- 0.72 kg in the hypobaric group compared to 4.15 +/- 0.51 in the normobaric group (P less than 0.05). Concentrations of @entity0 in maternal and fetal plasma and @entity5 in fetal plasma were similar in hypobaric and normobaric fetuses. The concentration of @entity4 in fetal plasma rose from 1.68 +/- 1.34 to 8.79 +/- 5.8 mmol/l (P less than 0.001) within 24 h of onset of @entity2 , but fell to 3.36 +/- 1.13 mmol/l by day 3 of treatment, though still significantly above the concentration of @entity4 in the control fetuses (1.47 +/- 0.47; P less than 0.001). There was no significant effect of @entity2 on the concentration of @entity4 or @entity1 in maternal plasma. @entity1 concentration in the plasma of fetuses subjected to @entity2 significantly increased within 24 h of exposure (0.28 +/- 0.10 vs 0.58 +/- 0.39 mmol/l; P less than 0.01) and remained elevated for the duration of the study. There was no significant effect of gestational age on the concentration of metabolic substrates in either the control or experimental groups. @entity2 is associated with a sustained rise in the concentration of plasma @entity4 and @entity1 in the fetus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Changes to metabolite concentration in fetal @entity3 subjected to prolonged hypobaric XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The effect of hypobaric hypoxaemia on the concentration of metabolic substrates in the ovine fetus and pregnant ewe with implanted vascular catheters, was investigated. At 120 to 141 days of gestation @entity3 were subjected to hypobaria (mean fetal carotid @entity6 12.7 +/- 0.7 torr; n = 9) or normobaria (mean fetal carotid @entity6 22.7 +/- 0.7 torr; n = 11; P less than 0.001). At 141 days gestation mean fetal weight was 3.46 +/- 0.72 kg in the hypobaric group compared to 4.15 +/- 0.51 in the normobaric group (P less than 0.05). Concentrations of @entity0 in maternal and fetal plasma and @entity5 in fetal plasma were similar in hypobaric and normobaric fetuses. The concentration of @entity4 in fetal plasma rose from 1.68 +/- 1.34 to 8.79 +/- 5.8 mmol/l (P less than 0.001) within 24 h of onset of @entity2 , but fell to 3.36 +/- 1.13 mmol/l by day 3 of treatment, though still significantly above the concentration of @entity4 in the control fetuses (1.47 +/- 0.47; P less than 0.001). There was no significant effect of @entity2 on the concentration of @entity4 or @entity1 in maternal plasma. @entity1 concentration in the plasma of fetuses subjected to @entity2 significantly increased within 24 h of exposure (0.28 +/- 0.10 vs 0.58 +/- 0.39 mmol/l; P less than 0.01) and remained elevated for the duration of the study. There was no significant effect of gestational age on the concentration of metabolic substrates in either the control or experimental groups. @entity2 is associated with a sustained rise in the concentration of plasma @entity4 and @entity1 in the fetus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Changes to metabolite concentration in fetal XXXX subjected to prolonged hypobaric @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of comorbidities in early @entity7 (ERA) and early @entity9 (ESpA) versus the general population. METHODS: Baseline data of 689 @entity0 with ERA from the Etude et Suivi des Polyarthrites Indiff  renci  es R  centes (ESPOIR) cohort (age 48.2  12.1   years, symptoms duration 14.2  14.5   weeks) and 645 @entity0 with ESpA from Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indiff  renci  es R  centes (DESIR; age 32.8  8.4   years, axial symptoms duration 79.0  45.7   weeks) were analysed. @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity5 and @entity1 were determined in each cohort. The prevalence (95% CI) of several comorbidities was compared with that in the French general population. For @entity0 without @entity3 , the 10-year risk of developing @entity3 was calculated using the Framingham and SCORE equations. The heart age was calculated using the 2008 Framingham points system. RESULTS: 42% of @entity0 with ERA and 20.3% of @entity0 with ESpA had at least 1 comorbidity; the most common were @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and dyslipidaemia. @entity4 prevalence (95% CI) in ERA (18.2% (15.5% to 21.3%)), but not in ESpA (5.08% (3.57% to 7.14%)), was significantly increased (p<0.05) compared with the general population (7.58%). Prevalence of @entity8 history was higher in ERA (4.7% (3.3% to 6.6%)), and ESpA (0.99% (0.4% to 2.3%)) than in the general population (0.02%; both p<0.05). No differences were observed in @entity1 , @entity6 or @entity2 . In ERA, among @entity0 without a history of @entity3 , an intermediate to high @entity3 risk was found. The heart age exceeded the real age by 4.1  9.6   years in ERA and by 2.1  7.0   years in ESpA (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We found an increased prevalence of @entity4 and @entity8 history in ERA and ESpA, and an increased @entity3 risk. These results should prompt rheumatologists to check these comorbidities early in the disease.

title: Cardiovascular and selected comorbidities in early arthritis and XXXX , a comparative study: results from the ESPOIR and DESIR cohorts.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Nontuberculous @entity2 in an immunocompetent young @entity0 complicated with @entity8 is rarely reported. A 36-year-old @entity0 presented to the emergency department with a history of worsening @entity6 and @entity4 . The @entity0 had unstable vital signs on presentation, and was referred to the resuscitation area on a monitored bed. The @entity0 had a chest x-ray (CXR) performed on a prior occasion at a primary health clinic, revealing pneumothorax and some fluid at the left costophrenic angle. On arrival at the hospital, bedside ultrasound was performed which confirmed the diagnosis of pneumothorax. His vital signs were pulse 153, BP 88/62, RR 50  breaths per minute and his @entity1 saturation on air was 92%. Tension pneumothorax was diagnosed based on clinical presentation and given vital signs. It was managed immediately with needle decompression followed by chest tube insertion. The @entity0 improved dramatically after needle decompression with stabilization of vital signs. A CXR was repeated post-needle decompression which showed an @entity8 with an increase in the size of the effusion. Iatrogenic haemothorax was a possible explanation for this increase in effusion size. Chest tube was successfully inserted in the fourth intercostal space just anterior to the midaxillary line under full aseptic precautions. The chest tube drained 1.4  liters of blood, which on analysis showed a low pH and elevated @entity5 deaminase level. Two out of three sputum samples sent from the medical ward were positive for mycobacteria other than @entity3 as confirmed on culture. The @entity0 's symptoms improved with percutaneous tube @entity7 and antituberculous medications.

title: Nontuberculous XXXX presenting as empyema and life threatening pneumothorax: A challenging situation in the emergency department.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recalcitrant @entity3 ( @entity2 ) is a common cause of @entity1 with many treatment options. In the present study, the medium-term results after open release and radiofrequency microtenotomy are reported. HYPOTHESIS: Microtenotomy would provide long-term @entity1 relief that was as good as the open release method. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. METHODS: Twenty-four @entity0 randomized to either open release or microtenotomy were assessed after 5 to 7 years. Clinical examination and dynamic infrared thermography (DIRT) of both elbows were performed preoperatively and at the medium-term follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both elbows was performed at the medium-term follow-up. RESULTS: Significant @entity1 reduction was found using a visual analog scale (VAS) at the medium-term follow-up in both groups compared with the preoperative assessment (P < .005). The Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) increased significantly in both groups (P < .01). The improvement in grip strength was not significant in either group. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of VAS, strength, and the MEPS. On the DIRT examinations, there were significantly fewer hot spots at the medium-term follow-up than preoperatively (P = .0067, both study groups together). The MRI examinations revealed grade II changes in the operated elbow in 1 @entity0 in each group at the medium-term follow-up, while all the other MRI examinations revealed a normal tendon. CONCLUSION: In this prospective, randomized trial with a medium-term follow-up, the results were similar after surgical release and microtenotomy in @entity0 with recalcitrant @entity3 . The hypothesis was thus verified.

title: Medium-Term Results After Treatment of Recalcitrant XXXX : A Prospective, Randomized Study Comparing Open Release and Radiofrequency Microtenotomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the short-term surgical outcomes and cost-benefits following totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) and laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) for the treatment of @entity4 . METHODS: Between April 2007 and December 2013, a total of 100 @entity0 with @entity4 underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. The @entity0 were classified into two groups according to whether intracorporeal @entity3 or extracorporeal @entity3 had been performed. The comparison between the groups was based on clinicopathological characteristics and surgical and economic outcomes. RESULTS: There were 57 and 43 @entity0 who underwent TLDG and LADG, respectively. The @entity0 ' demographics and @entity1 characteristics did not show any statistically significant differences with the exception for @entity1 location. In the LADG group, @entity1 were localized to relatively higher positions (p  =  0.024) and received Roux-en-Y reconstruction more frequently (p  <  0.001). There were no differences in the incidence of morbidity. @entity5 was not recorded in either group, although @entity6 occurred in one @entity0 (1.8  %) after TLDG and in two @entity0 (4.7  %) after LADG. Compared with the LADG group, the TLDG group was associated with significantly less operative @entity2 (p  <  0.001), a shorter time to oral intake (p  =  0.012), and hospital stay (p  =  0.018). The median operation costs were greater in the TLDG group than in the LADG group (  982,000 in TLDG vs.   879,830 in LADG; p  <  0.001), whereas the median total hospital costs were similar between the two groups (  1302,665 in LADG vs.   1383,322 in TLDG: p  =  0.119). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that TLDG is as technically feasible, safe, and effective as LADG for treating @entity0 with @entity4 . Furthermore, TLDG is associated with equivalent total hospital costs compared with LADG. The increased operation cost is offset by the decreased costs associated with longer periods of hospitalization.

title: Comparison of the cost and outcomes following totally laparoscopic and laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomies for XXXX : a single-institution comparison.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: An 8 yr old, reportedly castrated male Boston terrier presented with a history of generalized @entity8 and intermittent shifting leg @entity5 . Physical examination revealed a caudal abdominal mass and bilateral shoulder @entity3 . A complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, and urinalysis were unremarkable. @entity6 radiographs demonstrated bony proliferation and lysis of the third sternebra, an expansile lesion of the left tenth rib, and lucency in both proximal humeral metaphyses. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed a soft tissue mass within the caudoventral right abdomen. Ultrasonography also revealed an enlarged lymph node within the right retroperitoneal space. Exploratory laparotomy identified the mass as a retained testicle. A cryptorchidectomy, lymph node biopsy, and bilateral percutaneous core biopsies of the proximal humeri were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed @entity2 of the testicle with @entity1 to lymph node and bone. Adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended, but it was declined by the owner. All follow-up was lost. This case highlights a unique case for causative @entity8 secondary to a novel site of @entity1 from @entity2 . @entity1 to bone has not been reported in @entity0 or @entity4 and represents a very unusual and aberrant variant of the normally relatively benign biological behavior of @entity7 in the @entity4 .

title: An Unusual Case of Metastatic XXXX in a @entity4 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: An 8 yr old, reportedly castrated male Boston terrier presented with a history of generalized @entity8 and intermittent shifting leg @entity5 . Physical examination revealed a caudal abdominal mass and bilateral shoulder @entity3 . A complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, and urinalysis were unremarkable. @entity6 radiographs demonstrated bony proliferation and lysis of the third sternebra, an expansile lesion of the left tenth rib, and lucency in both proximal humeral metaphyses. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed a soft tissue mass within the caudoventral right abdomen. Ultrasonography also revealed an enlarged lymph node within the right retroperitoneal space. Exploratory laparotomy identified the mass as a retained testicle. A cryptorchidectomy, lymph node biopsy, and bilateral percutaneous core biopsies of the proximal humeri were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed @entity2 of the testicle with @entity1 to lymph node and bone. Adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended, but it was declined by the owner. All follow-up was lost. This case highlights a unique case for causative @entity8 secondary to a novel site of @entity1 from @entity2 . @entity1 to bone has not been reported in @entity0 or @entity4 and represents a very unusual and aberrant variant of the normally relatively benign biological behavior of @entity7 in the @entity4 .

title: An Unusual Case of Metastatic @entity7 in a XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common @entity0 characterized by heightened immunological response to ingested gluten. Certain gene polymorphisms of @entity1 / @entity4 ( @entity3 and @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity6 ) may influence susceptibility to @entity2 , although the effects remain unclear. We performed a meta-analysis of the associations between @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 polymorphisms and @entity2 risk. PubMed, EMBASE, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched. ORs and 95%CIs of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were estimated using the fixed-effect model if I(2) < 50% in the test of heterogeneity; otherwise, the random-effect model was used. Our meta-analysis included 12,986 @entity2 cases and 28,733 controls from 16 independent samples, and the analysis of each SNP contained a subset of the total. We found that the minor allele T of both @entity3 (T vs G, OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.67-0.78, P < 0.001) and @entity7 (T vs C, OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.71-0.83, P < 0.001) in @entity1 / @entity4 significantly decreased the risk of @entity2 . However, the minor allele A of @entity6 (A vs G, OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.12-1.24, P < 0.001) in @entity5 significantly increased @entity2 susceptibility. The estimated lambda values were 0.49, 0.50, and 0.53 for @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 , respectively, suggesting that a co-dominant model of genotype effect was most appropriate for the three SNPs. Our results support associations between the three SNPs and @entity2 and provide a strong argument for further research.

title: Association between @entity1 / @entity4 and XXXX polymorphisms and risk of celiac disease: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common @entity0 characterized by heightened immunological response to ingested gluten. Certain gene polymorphisms of @entity1 / @entity4 ( @entity3 and @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity6 ) may influence susceptibility to @entity2 , although the effects remain unclear. We performed a meta-analysis of the associations between @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 polymorphisms and @entity2 risk. PubMed, EMBASE, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched. ORs and 95%CIs of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were estimated using the fixed-effect model if I(2) < 50% in the test of heterogeneity; otherwise, the random-effect model was used. Our meta-analysis included 12,986 @entity2 cases and 28,733 controls from 16 independent samples, and the analysis of each SNP contained a subset of the total. We found that the minor allele T of both @entity3 (T vs G, OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.67-0.78, P < 0.001) and @entity7 (T vs C, OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.71-0.83, P < 0.001) in @entity1 / @entity4 significantly decreased the risk of @entity2 . However, the minor allele A of @entity6 (A vs G, OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.12-1.24, P < 0.001) in @entity5 significantly increased @entity2 susceptibility. The estimated lambda values were 0.49, 0.50, and 0.53 for @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 , respectively, suggesting that a co-dominant model of genotype effect was most appropriate for the three SNPs. Our results support associations between the three SNPs and @entity2 and provide a strong argument for further research.

title: Association between XXXX / @entity4 and @entity5 polymorphisms and risk of celiac disease: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common @entity0 characterized by heightened immunological response to ingested gluten. Certain gene polymorphisms of @entity1 / @entity4 ( @entity3 and @entity7 ) and @entity5 ( @entity6 ) may influence susceptibility to @entity2 , although the effects remain unclear. We performed a meta-analysis of the associations between @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 polymorphisms and @entity2 risk. PubMed, EMBASE, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched. ORs and 95%CIs of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were estimated using the fixed-effect model if I(2) < 50% in the test of heterogeneity; otherwise, the random-effect model was used. Our meta-analysis included 12,986 @entity2 cases and 28,733 controls from 16 independent samples, and the analysis of each SNP contained a subset of the total. We found that the minor allele T of both @entity3 (T vs G, OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.67-0.78, P < 0.001) and @entity7 (T vs C, OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.71-0.83, P < 0.001) in @entity1 / @entity4 significantly decreased the risk of @entity2 . However, the minor allele A of @entity6 (A vs G, OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.12-1.24, P < 0.001) in @entity5 significantly increased @entity2 susceptibility. The estimated lambda values were 0.49, 0.50, and 0.53 for @entity3 , @entity7 , and @entity6 , respectively, suggesting that a co-dominant model of genotype effect was most appropriate for the three SNPs. Our results support associations between the three SNPs and @entity2 and provide a strong argument for further research.

title: Association between @entity1 / XXXX and @entity5 polymorphisms and risk of celiac disease: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: During an 18-month period, 82 consecutive @entity0 (37 @entity0 and 45 @entity0 ), with a mean age of 50 yr (range 15 to 74), underwent hemodialysis with 91 @entity4 double-lumen subclavian superior vena cava catheters inserted via the right subclavian vein. Upon catheter removal, venograms were performed in 53 which revealed @entity1 in 13. Autopsy performed in 13 other @entity0 revealed @entity1 in three. Mean catheter duration was 27 days (range 1 to 138). Catheter duration was significantly (p less than .01) longer in the 16 cases complicated by @entity1 . There was no significant difference in the frequency of @entity1 between @entity0 and @entity0 . Two @entity0 developed symptoms of subclavian @entity5 after the creation of an @entity3 on the same side as a previous hemodialysis catheter. Overall, @entity1 was found in 23% and increased with longer catheter duration. We recommend phlebography to exclude @entity1 before creating an @entity3 on the same side as the previous hemodialysis catheter. There was no case of clinical discernible @entity2 .

title: @entity1 caused by XXXX double-lumen subclavian superior vena cava catheter and hemodialysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: During an 18-month period, 82 consecutive @entity0 (37 @entity0 and 45 @entity0 ), with a mean age of 50 yr (range 15 to 74), underwent hemodialysis with 91 @entity4 double-lumen subclavian superior vena cava catheters inserted via the right subclavian vein. Upon catheter removal, venograms were performed in 53 which revealed @entity1 in 13. Autopsy performed in 13 other @entity0 revealed @entity1 in three. Mean catheter duration was 27 days (range 1 to 138). Catheter duration was significantly (p less than .01) longer in the 16 cases complicated by @entity1 . There was no significant difference in the frequency of @entity1 between @entity0 and @entity0 . Two @entity0 developed symptoms of subclavian @entity5 after the creation of an @entity3 on the same side as a previous hemodialysis catheter. Overall, @entity1 was found in 23% and increased with longer catheter duration. We recommend phlebography to exclude @entity1 before creating an @entity3 on the same side as the previous hemodialysis catheter. There was no case of clinical discernible @entity2 .

title: XXXX caused by @entity4 double-lumen subclavian superior vena cava catheter and hemodialysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Normally a freeze-thaw cycle is a very efficient method of killing @entity0 cells. However, this report describes conditions that prevent killing of cultured @entity0 cells by nucleated freezing at -24 degrees C. Optimal protection from cell killing at -24 degrees C was obtained in isotonic solutions containing an organic cryoprotectant such as @entity6 ( @entity6 ; 10%, v/v), a @entity5 such as @entity4 over a broad concentration range from 50 to 150 mM, and @entity2 . @entity3 was also an effective cryoprotectant but other organic solvents were ineffective, although in some cases they appeared to protect cell membranes, while not protecting other vital components. A wide variety of @entity5 structures were effective at protecting cells from freeze-thaw killing, with @entity7 being particularly effective. The degree of resistance to killing by a freeze-thaw cycle under these conditions varied widely among different cell lines. If @entity1 of @entity6 was responsible for this variability of cryoprotection, it must have been due to short-term, not longer term, @entity1 of @entity6 . Studies on the mechanism by which cells are protected from killing under these conditions indicated that neither vitrification of the medium nor the concentrating of components during freezing were involved. One model not eliminated by the mechanistic studies proposes that the organic solvent cryoprotectant component acts by fluidizing membranes under the thawing conditions, so that any holes produced by ice crystals propagating through membranes can reseal during the thawing process. In this model one of the mechanisms by which the @entity5 component could act is by entering the cells and stabilizing vital intracellular components. Consistent with this, a freeze-thaw cycle promoted the uptake of labeled @entity4 into cultured cells.

title: Studies on the mechanisms of XXXX cell killing by a freeze-thaw cycle: conditions that prevent cell killing using nucleated freezing.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Eyes of laboratory @entity1 with an @entity0 were abnormally lightly pigmented. The development of pigmentation was followed morphologically from 7 days postnatal to 9 years of age. At all postnatal ages the iris pigmented epithelia contained no normal melanosomes, only organelles resembling secondary lysosomes or residual bodies. The ciliary body pigmented epithelium contained a variety of melanosome organelles at the earliest stages examined, but in fewer numbers than in normal animals. These included premelanosomes, partially melanized and some fully melanized pigment granules. However, the melanin deposition was usually patchy and irregular. With time, many of these granules appeared to condense into residual bodies. The retinal pigmented epithelium in peripheral and inferior posterior regions of affected animals never contained normal appearing melanin granules at any stage of postnatal development. The iris and @entity4 had melanosomes of normal size and shape, but many fewer than in normal animals. These results imply that there is local cellular control over melanosome production and regression, since the @entity2 do not follow the anterior to posterior development of @entity3 . It is proposed that a defect in synthesis of the matrix component of melanosomes could result in absent or abnormal deposition of melanin and initiate a process of autophagy of these organelles.

title: Melanosome abnormalities of ocular pigmented epithelial cells in XXXX with hereditary tapetal degeneration.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Exercise can cause @entity2 for a number of reasons. Usually the @entity1 is experienced during the exercise and recovers rapidly afterwards. There is one type of @entity2 that has a very different and characteristic time course. In this situation the exercise itself, and the immediate post-exercise period are painfree. The @entity1 is not felt for about eight hours and is maximal 1 or 2 days later. Delayed onset @entity2 occurs after unaccustomed, high force contractions and is particularly associated with eccentric contractions. The concensus of opinion is that the @entity1 is caused by some form of damage, but the mechanism for the @entity1 is not known. This review summarises the literature on the consequences of eccentric contractions and relates them to delayed onset @entity2 . There is clear evidence of damage to the muscle fibres themselves, their membranes and, at a later stage, mononuclear cell infiltration, but all these have very different time courses and none are the same as the @entity1 . Intramuscular pressures are raised in some, but not all, painful compartments and even when raised follow a different time course to the @entity1 . Anti-inflammatory agents do not affect the @entity1 , but due to the incomplete understanding of the action of these drugs, the role of @entity0 in delayed onset @entity2 is uncertain. Despite the considerable evidence of damage after eccentric contractions, the cause of delayed onset @entity2 is still unknown.

title: The consequences of eccentric contractions and their relationship to delayed onset XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Fifty-three @entity0 with @entity3 received treatment with combinations of recombinant alpha (rIFN-alpha-2a) and gamma ( @entity4 ) interferons on three different treatment schedules. On treatment schedule A, 13 @entity0 received i.m. rIFN-alpha-2a and @entity4 simultaneously at a 1:1 ratio by dose units (2 X 10(6) U/m2), equivalent to a 1:10 ratio by protein weight. Results included severe constitutional symptoms in 62% of the @entity0 and no partial remissions (PR) or complete remissions among 10 evaluable @entity0 . On treatment schedule B, 25 @entity0 received an i.m. injection of rIFN-alpha-2a and @entity4 simultaneously at a 1:1 ratio by protein weight (2 X 10(6) U/m2 and 2 X 10(5) U/m2, respectively). This schedule was well tolerated, allowing a 25-50% increment in over 75% of the @entity0 . Four @entity0 (16%) achieved PR. On treatment schedule C, 15 @entity0 received alternating weekly therapy: first @entity4 /m2 daily for 7 days) followed by rIFN-alpha-2a (10 X 10(6) U/m2 daily for 7 days). One of 13 evaluable @entity0 in treatment schedule C achieved an 80% @entity1 reduction and was rendered free of disease after the primary @entity1 was resected. @entity2 was similar in nature to that of rIFN-alpha-2a or @entity4 separately. The @entity2 of treatment schedule A suggested additive toxic effects. No distinct synergistic antitumor effect was observed.

title: Recombinant interferon alpha and gamma in combination as treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity4 represents 3% of @entity3 in @entity0 . Two genes have been identified as the main genetic causes of @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity5 , with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. In the present study, we studied for the first time, genetically and clinically, all the cystinuric families identified so far in the Greek-Cypriot population. METHODS: Discovery of mutations was performed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single analysis and DNA resequencing. New families were investigated through PCR-RFLPs. Clinical data were collected through the hospital @entity0 ' records and analytical follow-up of the families. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: We found a total of five mutations in 28 Greek-Cypriot cystinuric @entity0 belonging in 12 families. The most frequent mutation among the 28 Greek-Cypriot @entity0 is the @entity6 - @entity7 , which is also the second most frequent mutation in Europe, representing a genetic founder effect. Sixteen of the 28 @entity0 are homozygous for this mutation. Even though a consanguinity loop was obvious in only one family, other @entity0 were from families in small villages where endogamy was practiced for many centuries. Timely clinical and genetic diagnosis, accompanied by early treatment, is significant for the good health of most of our @entity0 . Only    14% of them developed @entity1 , and only one reached @entity2 ( @entity2 ). CONCLUSION: Five @entity6 and @entity5 mutations appear to be responsible for the genetic basis of @entity4 in the Greek-Cypriot @entity0 ; having such a limited number of causative mutations will simplify diagnostics for this population.

title: Molecular and Clinical Investigation of XXXX in the Greek-Cypriot Population.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The administration of fat emulsion and total parenteral nutrition ( @entity6 ) was evaluated in 68 @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent surgical treatment for esophageal varices. The subjects were divided into two groups, fat group (28 cases) and non-fat group (40 cases) according to with or without the administration of fat emulsion during the period of postoperative @entity6 . The results of liver function tests, blood @entity2 levels, intravenous fat tolerance tests, serum lipid levels, @entity3 composition in serum total lipids, @entity4 balances and body weight changes during the period of postoperative @entity6 were compared between both groups. Conclusions as follows; 1. The administration of fat emulsion during the period of postoperative @entity6 did not worsen the results of liver function tests, and relatively low levels of blood @entity2 were retained. 2. The removal rates of fat emulsion from the blood (K2 values) during the period of postoperative @entity6 were significantly higher than in those preoperative period, and changes in serum lipid level revealed no tendency toward retention of fat emulsion administered intravenously. 3. Cumulative @entity4 balance were almost similar in both groups. 4. The administration of fat emulsion the period of during postoperative @entity6 corrected the abnormalities of @entity3 composition in serum total lipid. Further, it was suggested that approximately more than 5 ml/kg/day of 10% fat emulsion would be advisable to prevent the decrease of @entity5 . 5. These results suggested that the administration of fat emulsion was useful for the @entity0 with esophageal varices during the period of postoperative @entity6 .

title: [Postoperative total parenteral nutrition with fat emulsion for XXXX with esophageal varices].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Persistent or recurrent @entity4 ( @entity4 ) documented at second-look surgery has proved relatively refractory to second-line therapy. The majority of these @entity1 do not respond to @entity7 based chemotherapy. Because of the relatively high response rate we observed with systemically administered @entity8 plus @entity10 , we initiated a trial of intraperitoneal (IP) @entity8 (10 mg/m2 in 2 L dialysate fluid every 4 weeks) in 14 @entity0 with refractory @entity4 secondary to gynecologic @entity1 . All but one @entity0 had @entity4 secondary to @entity2 documented at second-look cytoreductive surgery following intense @entity7 based drug therapy. One @entity0 had @entity9 and had been treated previously with radiation. In all, 49 courses of intraperitoneal @entity8 were administered to 14 @entity0 . Systemic @entity3 was minimal, except for mild @entity6 that occurred in four @entity0 . However, @entity5 due to @entity4 was cumulative and dose limiting after three to five courses of therapy. Of the seven @entity0 with measurable disease (positive serum CA-125 or intraperitoneal cytology), six had normalization of at least one of these two parameters. Eight of the 14 @entity0 remain alive without clinical evidence of disease with a median follow-up duration of 10 months. We conclude that IP @entity8 is a well-tolerated and potentially effective treatment modality in @entity0 with limited @entity4 following second-look surgical debulking for gynecologic @entity1 .

title: Intraperitoneal XXXX in the treatment of @entity4 following second-look surgery.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Persistent or recurrent @entity4 ( @entity4 ) documented at second-look surgery has proved relatively refractory to second-line therapy. The majority of these @entity1 do not respond to @entity7 based chemotherapy. Because of the relatively high response rate we observed with systemically administered @entity8 plus @entity10 , we initiated a trial of intraperitoneal (IP) @entity8 (10 mg/m2 in 2 L dialysate fluid every 4 weeks) in 14 @entity0 with refractory @entity4 secondary to gynecologic @entity1 . All but one @entity0 had @entity4 secondary to @entity2 documented at second-look cytoreductive surgery following intense @entity7 based drug therapy. One @entity0 had @entity9 and had been treated previously with radiation. In all, 49 courses of intraperitoneal @entity8 were administered to 14 @entity0 . Systemic @entity3 was minimal, except for mild @entity6 that occurred in four @entity0 . However, @entity5 due to @entity4 was cumulative and dose limiting after three to five courses of therapy. Of the seven @entity0 with measurable disease (positive serum CA-125 or intraperitoneal cytology), six had normalization of at least one of these two parameters. Eight of the 14 @entity0 remain alive without clinical evidence of disease with a median follow-up duration of 10 months. We conclude that IP @entity8 is a well-tolerated and potentially effective treatment modality in @entity0 with limited @entity4 following second-look surgical debulking for gynecologic @entity1 .

title: Intraperitoneal @entity8 in the treatment of XXXX following second-look surgery.

answer: @entity4


abstract: To estimate the actual states of uterine body invasion of @entity4 , 301 radically hysterectomized specimens were reviewed histologically. Incidence of uterine body invasion was 21.6% in all cases (65 cases out of 301), 7.8% in stage Ib, 25.5% in stage IIa, and 38.2% in stage IIb. Most of the positive invasion cases had spread to other surrounding tissues. Vaginal wall was invaded in 58.5% of all positive cases, parametrial infiltration was recognized in 87.7%, and pelvic lymph node @entity1 was seen in 52.3%. On the contrary, in negative cases these were 33.9, 19.1, and 15.7%, respectively. There was a higher incidence of the L type of Imai's CPL classification among positive cases of uterine body invasion than among negative cases (81.5% vs 38.1%). When @entity2 spread into the uterine body, peritoneal @entity3 and distant @entity1 increased. Thus the outcome of @entity0 with positive invasion was, naturally, poor. @entity0 with negative invasion had a 5-year survival rate of 92.4%, compared to 53.8% in @entity0 with positive uterine body invasion. These results suggest that uterine body invasion of @entity4 is an important prognostic factor and treatment should be modified in such cases.

title: Uterine body invasion of XXXX as seen from surgical specimens.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Uncontrolled @entity3 from junctional wounds that cannot be controlled by traditional tourniquets accounts for one in five preventable battlefield exsanguination deaths. Products for treating these wounds are costly and require special training. However, chemically treated gauze products are inexpensive, potentially effective, and require only minimal training. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of three hemostatic gauze products following brief training, using a consensus @entity5 groin injury model. METHODS: After viewing a 15-minute PowerPoint presentation, without demonstration or practice, 24 U.S. Navy Corpsmen, most with little to no live tissue or hemostatic agent experience, applied one of three hemostatic agents: QuikClot Combat Gauze, Celox @entity1 Gauze, or Hemcon ChitoGauze. Animals were resuscitated and monitored for 150 minutes to assess @entity4 , @entity2 , rebleeding, and survival. @entity0 completed a survey before training and following testing. RESULTS: Products were similar in @entity4 , @entity2 , and rebleeding. Twenty-three @entity5 survived (96%). Ease of use and perceived efficacy of training ratings were high. Comfort level with application improved following training. CONCLUSIONS: Hemostatic gauze can potentially be effective for treating junctional wounds following minimal training, which has important implications for corpsmen, self-aid/buddy-aid, civilian providers, and Tactical Combat Casualty Care guidelines.

title: Control of Junctional XXXX in a Consensus @entity5 Model With Hemostatic Gauze Products Following Minimal Training.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Uncontrolled @entity3 from junctional wounds that cannot be controlled by traditional tourniquets accounts for one in five preventable battlefield exsanguination deaths. Products for treating these wounds are costly and require special training. However, chemically treated gauze products are inexpensive, potentially effective, and require only minimal training. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of three hemostatic gauze products following brief training, using a consensus @entity5 groin injury model. METHODS: After viewing a 15-minute PowerPoint presentation, without demonstration or practice, 24 U.S. Navy Corpsmen, most with little to no live tissue or hemostatic agent experience, applied one of three hemostatic agents: QuikClot Combat Gauze, Celox @entity1 Gauze, or Hemcon ChitoGauze. Animals were resuscitated and monitored for 150 minutes to assess @entity4 , @entity2 , rebleeding, and survival. @entity0 completed a survey before training and following testing. RESULTS: Products were similar in @entity4 , @entity2 , and rebleeding. Twenty-three @entity5 survived (96%). Ease of use and perceived efficacy of training ratings were high. Comfort level with application improved following training. CONCLUSIONS: Hemostatic gauze can potentially be effective for treating junctional wounds following minimal training, which has important implications for corpsmen, self-aid/buddy-aid, civilian providers, and Tactical Combat Casualty Care guidelines.

title: Control of Junctional @entity3 in a Consensus XXXX Model With Hemostatic Gauze Products Following Minimal Training.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Idiopathic @entity9 , also called @entity2 , has been estimated to affect 5 p. 100 of the general population. Normally a benign disease, it becomes life-threatening in only a very small number of cases. High risk subjects could be detected by simple TM-mode echocardiography, provided this examination is of good quality and reproducible, for it shows a 5 mm or more thickening of mitral leaflets. Should this be the case, according to the Mayo Clinic authors, serious complications, such as @entity7 , @entity5 or @entity1 , would be expected to occur in 10 p. 100 of the @entity0 . @entity7 , of which only 60 cases have been published, is exceptional; it mainly concerns young subjects (mean age 40 years), predominantly @entity0 , with a family history of @entity7 , who have experienced one or several @entity8 and present with severe per- or intercritical @entity6 . Such subjects must be regularly supervised clinically as well as by basal or ambulatory electrocardiography and, if necessary, by electrophysiological or even haemodynamic exploration. Treatment with appropriate beta-blockers or antiarrhythmic agents is often required as is, in refractory cases, implantation of an @entity10 . @entity5 is a cause of @entity3 in 10 to 20 p. 100 of the @entity0 . It mainly threatens subjects whose @entity4 is suspected on the presence of a holo- or end-systolic murmur and confirmed by Doppler echocardiography.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX and risk for life].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Between 1983 and 1986, 41 @entity0 with a @entity2 without hematogenic @entity1 were treated with a combination of radio- and chemotherapy preoperatively. Treatment consisted of @entity3 (10 mg/sqm/day 1) and continuous infusion of 5 @entity4 (1000 mg/sqm/day-day 1 to 4) with a maximum of 1500 mg per day. On day 2 radiotherapy was started. After the administration of 36 Gy all @entity0 were restaged. Nine @entity0 were referred to surgery. In 13 cases surgery was refused, because of inoperability, due to local or distant @entity1 . In these @entity0 radiotherapy was continued up to 50 to 60 Gy for palliation. Although the disease was confined to the oesophagus no surgery was performed in 19 @entity0 , because of age, enhanced risk of anaesthesia or refusal by the @entity0 . These @entity0 were treated with radiotherapy alone (60 Gy) with curative intention. 32 @entity0 treated without surgery were followed up. For the @entity0 treated with curative intent, the one year survival rate was 62%, the two year survival rate was 42%. Compared to a group treated in 1970 bis 1982 with the same dosage of irradiation without the combination of chemotherapy the median survival could be raized from nine to 24 months, the two year survival rate improved from 18% to 42%. @entity0 treated for palliation only did not survive the first year after therapy.

title: [Simultaneous radio- and chemotherapy of XXXX of the esophagus].

answer: @entity2


abstract: The temporal relationship between @entity3 release and gonadotropin secretion as well as the effects of castration on @entity3 release were investigated in conscious, freely moving male @entity0 . @entity3 release was measured in @entity2 /median eminence perfusates, while levels of pituitary gonadotropins (LH, FSH) were determined in sequential blood samples obtained via atrial catheters. Twenty-four to 26 h before experiments, @entity0 underwent sham surgery or castration. @entity3 release in push-pull perfusates from both groups was pulsatile, and nearly all identified LH pulses (83.3%) were temporally associated with @entity3 pulses. Of the fewer irregular FSH pulses that were observed, only 43.7% were temporally associated with @entity3 pulses. Mean @entity3 pulse amplitude and mean @entity3 levels were not different in intact and castrate animals. The frequency of @entity3 pulses was moderately increased in castrate @entity0 (1.30 pulses/h) compared to that in intact animals (0.83 pulses/h), and this acceleration was accompanied by a significant increase in LH pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and mean level. It was also noted that the number of silent @entity3 pulses (those not associated with LH pulses) was dramatically reduced in castrate animals. Characteristics of gonadotropin release (pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and mean level) were not significantly different in animals undergoing push-pull perfusion/bleeding procedures from those in @entity0 not receiving push-pull cannula implants. We conclude from these studies that 1) LH pulses show a high concordance with @entity3 pulses, providing evidence that the @entity3 pulse generator operates as the neural determinant of LH pulses in male @entity0 , 2) FSH secretion is not associated with @entity3 release in an obvious and consistent manner, suggesting that @entity3 /FSH relationships are not easily discerned in these animals or that a FSH-releasing factor distinct from the @entity3 decapeptide may regulate FSH secretion, 3) a modest increase in @entity3 pulse frequency occurs 24-30 h after castration, and 4) silent @entity3 pulses occur with much greater regularity in intact than in castrate @entity0 . The latter two observations suggest that both @entity2 and intrapituitary sequelae of castration may be critically important in the development of postcastration increases in LH secretion and the negative feedback of gonadal @entity1 .

title: Simultaneous measurement of luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing hormone, LH, and follicle-stimulating hormone release in intact and short-term castrate XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Monoclonal antibodies were produced against serum-derived @entity1 immunoglobulin E (IgE). Culture supernatants of hybridomas were initially screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Supernatant-derived antibodies were concentrated and further characterized using ELISA, reverse cutaneous anaphylaxis, immunohistochemical staining, and immunoblotting of IgE-containing samples separated by @entity0 - @entity2 gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Eight monoclonal antibodies showed specificity for @entity1 epsilon immunoglobulin heavy chain. Two antibodies (E2 and E32) reacted in immunoblots of @entity0 -PAGE of serum IgE under reducing conditions. Additionally, E2, E5, and E32 detected epsilon chain in serum separated by @entity0 -PAGE and then renatured. Antigen-specific IgE was detected in Western blots by E5 and E32. Immunoperoxidase staining of IgE-containing cells in mesenteric lymph node sections was detected with E5, E21 and E32. All eight antibodies produced positive reverse cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions in @entity1 skin. All functioned well in ELISA as a plate-sensitizing reagent for quantitation of total IgE; E5 and E32 worked well as a primary antibody in antigen-specific IgE assays. These antibodies will be useful in research applications and in diagnostic assays.

title: Generation and characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies specific for XXXX immunoglobulin E.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate irregularity of the anterior @entity1 before and after Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) for @entity3 and its effect on visual acuity. METHODS: Corneal data were acquired using a topographic unit before and up to 12 months after DSEK. Anterior corneal elevation data were decomposed into a set of Zernike polynomials up to the 8th order within a 6.0-mm diameter region. Total @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and root mean square from the 3rd to 8th order were calculated. The effects of anterior surface irregularity on visual acuity were evaluated. RESULTS: This clinical study comprised 20 consecutive eyes of 20 @entity0 with @entity3 . The mean corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was 1.00    0.12 logMAR (SD) preoperatively and 0.24    0.16 logMAR 12 months postoperatively. Before DSEK, corneas with @entity3 had higher total @entity2 compared with those in controls (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in anterior surface @entity2 between preoperatively and 12 months (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative CDVA correlated with irregularity of the corneal anterior surface. Corneal anterior @entity2 are higher in @entity0 with @entity3 than in controls, and remain higher through 12 months after DSEK. In addition to corneal transparency, regularity of the corneal anterior surface is an important factor in visual acuity after DSEK.

title: Anterior corneal surface irregularity after Descemet-stripping endothelial keratoplasty for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Transabdominal posterior rectopexy with resection of the redundant left colon (Frykman-Goldberg operation) was performed on 48 selected @entity0 with @entity4 . Uterine suspension was also performed on most of the @entity0 . The 30-day mortality rate was 2.1%. Prolapse recurred in 4 (9%) of the 45 @entity0 followed up for 1-10 (mean 4.3) years. There were no complications attributable to bowel resection or @entity1 . Adequate data on both preoperative and postoperative anal function and bowel habit were available in 41 cases. All but two of the 32 @entity0 with associated @entity2 experienced improved anal control after the operation (9 regained normal continence). Bowel habit improved in 23 @entity0 (56%), especially in those with chronic @entity3 . No @entity0 reported increased problems of bowel management. The operation does not involve the risks associated with implantation of foreign material and can be especially beneficial for constipated @entity0 with @entity4 who are fit for major abdominal surgery.

title: Abdominal rectopexy and sigmoid resection (Frykman-Goldberg operation) for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The choroid plexus and its associated epiplexus cells in the fourth ventricle in @entity2 were studied with scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) following a cisternal injection of @entity4 complex (phospholipase A2). In SEM, the epiplexus cells of the control animals were predominantly stellate with long radiating processes. At 2 h after the administration of crotoxin complex, these radiating processes flattened out forming sheet-like membranes covering the ventricular surface of the choroid epithelial cells. The membranous coverings remained extended in 5-hour-survival @entity2 . Numerous @entity3 of different sizes were observed in areas that were not covered by the cytoplasmic membrane in 5-hour animals. Some of the @entity3 appeared to have @entity1 . In TEM, the microvilli of the choroid epithelial cells in crotoxin complex-treated @entity0 were dilated. The luminal surface of the epithelial cells showed eruption of @entity3 filled with amorphous materials. Pinocytotic vesicles increased in number in the apical cytoplasm. The lumen of the ventricle often contained portions of cytoplasm believed to be derived from the extrusion of the @entity3 . These appeared to be engulfed by the overlying epiplexus cells. It was concluded that the injected crotoxin complex stimulated both the secretory as well as pinocytotic activity of the choroid epithelial cells. The phagocytosis of the secretory products from the epithelial cells by epiplexus cells suggests a close functional relationship between the two cell types.

title: Electron-microscopical study of the choroid plexus and epiplexus cells in XXXX following a cisternal injection of crotoxin complex.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The process of prenatal diagnosis is unique in that the diagnosis and prognosis are made without seeing the @entity0 . 45, @entity8 presents a special problem in this regard. The phenotype of 45,X/46,XY postnatally diagnosed @entity0 (pediatric group) was compared to that of 6 fetuses who were diagnosed from 7,000 amniocenteses (prenatal group). These amniocenteses were performed primarily because of an increased risk of @entity4 . The pediatric group (age birth-18 yr) were all phenotypically abnormal, although none were @entity3 . Seven @entity0 presented with @entity7 , while 2 had primary @entity5 . Sexual assignment was changed in 2. Abnormalities included @entity1 , @entity6 , undescended testes, and @entity2 . All 9 @entity0 required at least one surgical procedure. In contrast, the prenatally diagnosed fetuses (ages 3 months to 3 1/2 yr) were all phenotypically normal males. Four were noted to have male genitalia on ultrasonography. Thus, the phenotype of 45, @entity8 in prenatally diagnosed fetuses can be markedly different from that of individuals diagnosed postnatally. This must be considered when counseling @entity0 .

title: 45, XXXX : contrast of prenatal and postnatal diagnosis.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Between 1961 and 1985, 44 cases of @entity1 were experienced at Gunma University Hospital. We statistically analyzed 42 of them. The average age was 56.9 years old, ranging from 28 to 86 years old. Interval from onset of the disease to first visit to our hospital ranged from 0 to 50 months, averaging 9 months. The main chief complaints were mass formation, spontaneous @entity2 , @entity4 , and abnormality of urinary stream. More than 75% of them had phimosis. Thirty-one percent had stage 1, 29% stage 2, 38% stage 3, and 2% stage 4 @entity1 , according to Jackson's classification. All of them were diagnosed with @entity3 . Surgical treatment was given to 37 @entity0 (radical or partial penectomy was performed in most cases). Chemotherapy was given to 23 @entity0 (main chemotherapeutic agent was @entity5 or @entity6 ) and irradiation to 26 @entity0 . Five-year survival was seen in 77% of the cases, 92% in low stage group (stage 1 and 2) and 63% in high stage group (stage 3 and 4). Ten-year survival was seen in 62% of the cases, 79% in low stage group and 43% in high stage group (Kaplan-Meier method).

title: [Statistical study of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 of salivary glands are relative rare and it has often been difficult to correlate the pathologic features and clinical aspects. The literature recommends long term follow-up studies. The object of the present study was therefore to follow this recommendation. The clinico-pathological features of 39 @entity2 are presented. The material was retrieved from the files of the pathological institute, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, during the period 1941-75. All @entity0 , 24 males, 15 females, were followed for a minimum of 5 years. The lesions were classified into low grade (13 cases), intermediate grade (14 cases) and high grade (12 cases). The corresponding 5, 10 and 15 years cumulative survival rates were 92%, 92%, 92% for low grade, 47.4%, 47.4%, 35.5% for intermediate grade and 0%, 0%, 0% for high grade @entity1 . Thus we found a close correlation between pathology and clinical course. Furthermore, a 5 year observation period appeared an acceptable approach, because 17 of the 18 @entity0 who succumbed of the disease, did so within 4 years following surgery. We consider all grades of @entity2 to be potential malignant. In our study one @entity0 with a low grade @entity1 died of the disease.

title: XXXX of salivary glands. A long term follow-up study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Two major forms of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 were purified from starved and @entity4 -treated @entity0 . On the basis of @entity1 sequence analysis, they were identified as @entity8 and @entity6 . @entity2 or @entity4 treatment of @entity0 caused a 9-fold increase in the amount of @entity8 in liver microsomes accompanied by similar increases in the rate of @entity3 -dependent metabolism of @entity5 , @entity4 , and @entity7 . Immunological experiments indicated that @entity8 constitutes the major catalyst of the microsomal metabolism of the latter agents and contributes by about 50% to microsomal P-450-dependent @entity2 oxidation under the conditions used. The @entity8 -dependent catalytic activities had a high rate of turnover. In contrast, this was not the case for the immunodetectable @entity8 , indicating the occurrence of inactive forms of this protein in microsomes. Starvation or @entity2 or @entity4 treatment caused 10-30-fold increases in the amount of both mRNA and apoprotein of @entity6 ,e compared to control. Run-on experiments and the concomitant increases of the @entity6 gene products at the mRNA and protein levels indicated the appearance of mainly a transcriptional activation by @entity4 , @entity2 , or starvation. Fasting exerted, in addition, a pronounced synergistic effect on @entity4 -dependent induction of @entity6 ,e mRNA (3-fold), apo- @entity6 ,e (4.3-fold), @entity8 mRNA (2-fold), and apo- @entity8 (2-fold). No increase of mRNA coding for @entity8 , compared to control, was seen after @entity4 or @entity2 treatment alone. The results indicate that effects of @entity2 , @entity4 , and/or starvation on drug and xenobiotic metabolism are caused by the induction of P-450 forms belonging to at least two gene subfamilies.

title: XXXX -, fasting-, and @entity4 -inducible cytochromes P-450 in @entity0 liver: regulation and characteristics of enzymes belonging to the IIB and IIE gene subfamilies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Two major forms of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 were purified from starved and @entity4 -treated @entity0 . On the basis of @entity1 sequence analysis, they were identified as @entity8 and @entity6 . @entity2 or @entity4 treatment of @entity0 caused a 9-fold increase in the amount of @entity8 in liver microsomes accompanied by similar increases in the rate of @entity3 -dependent metabolism of @entity5 , @entity4 , and @entity7 . Immunological experiments indicated that @entity8 constitutes the major catalyst of the microsomal metabolism of the latter agents and contributes by about 50% to microsomal P-450-dependent @entity2 oxidation under the conditions used. The @entity8 -dependent catalytic activities had a high rate of turnover. In contrast, this was not the case for the immunodetectable @entity8 , indicating the occurrence of inactive forms of this protein in microsomes. Starvation or @entity2 or @entity4 treatment caused 10-30-fold increases in the amount of both mRNA and apoprotein of @entity6 ,e compared to control. Run-on experiments and the concomitant increases of the @entity6 gene products at the mRNA and protein levels indicated the appearance of mainly a transcriptional activation by @entity4 , @entity2 , or starvation. Fasting exerted, in addition, a pronounced synergistic effect on @entity4 -dependent induction of @entity6 ,e mRNA (3-fold), apo- @entity6 ,e (4.3-fold), @entity8 mRNA (2-fold), and apo- @entity8 (2-fold). No increase of mRNA coding for @entity8 , compared to control, was seen after @entity4 or @entity2 treatment alone. The results indicate that effects of @entity2 , @entity4 , and/or starvation on drug and xenobiotic metabolism are caused by the induction of P-450 forms belonging to at least two gene subfamilies.

title: @entity2 -, fasting-, and XXXX -inducible cytochromes P-450 in @entity0 liver: regulation and characteristics of enzymes belonging to the IIB and IIE gene subfamilies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Two major forms of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 were purified from starved and @entity4 -treated @entity0 . On the basis of @entity1 sequence analysis, they were identified as @entity8 and @entity6 . @entity2 or @entity4 treatment of @entity0 caused a 9-fold increase in the amount of @entity8 in liver microsomes accompanied by similar increases in the rate of @entity3 -dependent metabolism of @entity5 , @entity4 , and @entity7 . Immunological experiments indicated that @entity8 constitutes the major catalyst of the microsomal metabolism of the latter agents and contributes by about 50% to microsomal P-450-dependent @entity2 oxidation under the conditions used. The @entity8 -dependent catalytic activities had a high rate of turnover. In contrast, this was not the case for the immunodetectable @entity8 , indicating the occurrence of inactive forms of this protein in microsomes. Starvation or @entity2 or @entity4 treatment caused 10-30-fold increases in the amount of both mRNA and apoprotein of @entity6 ,e compared to control. Run-on experiments and the concomitant increases of the @entity6 gene products at the mRNA and protein levels indicated the appearance of mainly a transcriptional activation by @entity4 , @entity2 , or starvation. Fasting exerted, in addition, a pronounced synergistic effect on @entity4 -dependent induction of @entity6 ,e mRNA (3-fold), apo- @entity6 ,e (4.3-fold), @entity8 mRNA (2-fold), and apo- @entity8 (2-fold). No increase of mRNA coding for @entity8 , compared to control, was seen after @entity4 or @entity2 treatment alone. The results indicate that effects of @entity2 , @entity4 , and/or starvation on drug and xenobiotic metabolism are caused by the induction of P-450 forms belonging to at least two gene subfamilies.

title: @entity2 -, fasting-, and @entity4 -inducible cytochromes P-450 in XXXX liver: regulation and characteristics of enzymes belonging to the IIB and IIE gene subfamilies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In recent years, several attempts have been made to characterize the nature of the @entity1 shown by @entity0 with @entity2 . It has been suggested variously that they have difficulty in switching cognitive set, in performing effortful (or controlled) as opposed to automatic tasks, or that their impairment is found in tasks which maximize the amount of 'self-directed task specific planning'. It is proposed that this latter distinction may be reformulated in terms of the degree of internal versus external attentional control which is required by the task. An experiment is described which attempted to manipulate this parameter. A version of the Stroop colour-word test was used, in which the words 'red' and 'green' were presented in the complementary coloured 'ink'. Subjects responded either to the colour of the ink in which the word was written or the colour named by the word. The relevant attribute changed at intervals during the course of the experiment. In one condition, the relevant stimulus attribute was cued before each trial. In another condition, subjects had to remember which attribute was currently relevant. Results revealed that @entity0 with @entity2 were impaired mainly on the second version of the task which required internal attentional control. The results are discussed in relation to the models of Working Memory (Baddeley, 1986), and attentional control (Norman and Shallice, 1980). Exploration of these models leads to the formulation of a theory in which the crucial @entity1 in @entity2 is reduced resources in the Supervisory Attentional System. Provided the demands of the task are within the @entity0 's available attentional resources the @entity0 may not show any deficit. If, however, the attentional demands exceed available resources, as in tasks which depend upon internal cues, then deficits will be observed.

title: Internal versus external cues and the control of attention in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 / @entity4 extract of normal @entity2 liver, both in vitro and in vivo, inhibited the invasion by a highly invasive subpopulation of @entity2 ascites @entity3 cells, AH 130 (LC-AH cells). The addition of 10-80 micrograms/ml extract inhibited the formation of penetrated colonies of LC-AH cells underneath the cultured mesothelial cell (M-cell) monolayer. The @entity1 cells pretreated with the extract showed the diminished colony formation. Preincubation of the extract with plasma membranes prepared from LC-AH cells abolished the effect of the extract, suggesting a binding of the inhibitory entity [tentatively termed as "invasion-inhibiting factor" (IIF)] to the @entity1 cell surface. The extract did not inhibit the growth of LC-AH cells, but suppressed their directed migration underneath the M-cell monolayer. A concomitant i.p. injection of the extract with LC-AH cells into @entity2 prevented the invasion by @entity1 cells of the peritoneum and formation of @entity1 nodules in the peritoneum and mediastinum, indicating that IIF inhibited the @entity1 cell invasion and @entity0 in vivo, as well. Upon ultrafiltration and gel fractionation, about 60% of IIF activity was recovered in the fraction corresponding to the molecular weight in the range of Mr 3000-4000. This activity was heat-stable at 100 degrees C at neutral pH but labile at acidic pH and was inactivated by the treatment with pronase. The rest of the activity of IIF was found in the fraction of more than Mr 25,000.

title: Factor from @entity2 liver with antiinvasive potential on @entity2 ascites XXXX cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 / @entity4 extract of normal @entity2 liver, both in vitro and in vivo, inhibited the invasion by a highly invasive subpopulation of @entity2 ascites @entity3 cells, AH 130 (LC-AH cells). The addition of 10-80 micrograms/ml extract inhibited the formation of penetrated colonies of LC-AH cells underneath the cultured mesothelial cell (M-cell) monolayer. The @entity1 cells pretreated with the extract showed the diminished colony formation. Preincubation of the extract with plasma membranes prepared from LC-AH cells abolished the effect of the extract, suggesting a binding of the inhibitory entity [tentatively termed as "invasion-inhibiting factor" (IIF)] to the @entity1 cell surface. The extract did not inhibit the growth of LC-AH cells, but suppressed their directed migration underneath the M-cell monolayer. A concomitant i.p. injection of the extract with LC-AH cells into @entity2 prevented the invasion by @entity1 cells of the peritoneum and formation of @entity1 nodules in the peritoneum and mediastinum, indicating that IIF inhibited the @entity1 cell invasion and @entity0 in vivo, as well. Upon ultrafiltration and gel fractionation, about 60% of IIF activity was recovered in the fraction corresponding to the molecular weight in the range of Mr 3000-4000. This activity was heat-stable at 100 degrees C at neutral pH but labile at acidic pH and was inactivated by the treatment with pronase. The rest of the activity of IIF was found in the fraction of more than Mr 25,000.

title: Factor from XXXX liver with antiinvasive potential on @entity2 ascites @entity3 cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 / @entity4 extract of normal @entity2 liver, both in vitro and in vivo, inhibited the invasion by a highly invasive subpopulation of @entity2 ascites @entity3 cells, AH 130 (LC-AH cells). The addition of 10-80 micrograms/ml extract inhibited the formation of penetrated colonies of LC-AH cells underneath the cultured mesothelial cell (M-cell) monolayer. The @entity1 cells pretreated with the extract showed the diminished colony formation. Preincubation of the extract with plasma membranes prepared from LC-AH cells abolished the effect of the extract, suggesting a binding of the inhibitory entity [tentatively termed as "invasion-inhibiting factor" (IIF)] to the @entity1 cell surface. The extract did not inhibit the growth of LC-AH cells, but suppressed their directed migration underneath the M-cell monolayer. A concomitant i.p. injection of the extract with LC-AH cells into @entity2 prevented the invasion by @entity1 cells of the peritoneum and formation of @entity1 nodules in the peritoneum and mediastinum, indicating that IIF inhibited the @entity1 cell invasion and @entity0 in vivo, as well. Upon ultrafiltration and gel fractionation, about 60% of IIF activity was recovered in the fraction corresponding to the molecular weight in the range of Mr 3000-4000. This activity was heat-stable at 100 degrees C at neutral pH but labile at acidic pH and was inactivated by the treatment with pronase. The rest of the activity of IIF was found in the fraction of more than Mr 25,000.

title: Factor from @entity2 liver with antiinvasive potential on XXXX ascites @entity3 cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Alkaline phosphatase activity in @entity4 -induced @entity1 mammary @entity0 was compared with activity in normal and lactating mammary gland. 2. Both @entity0 and normal mammary alkaline phosphatase were sensitive to heat inactivation and inhibition by @entity2 . 3. Specific activity of enzyme in @entity0 was comparable to normal mammary tissue. 4. Mammary gland alkaline phosphatase increased markedly in late pregnancy and early lactation. 5. @entity3 treatment had no effect on enzyme activity in lactating mammary gland.

title: Comparison of alkaline phosphatase activity in normal, lactating and neoplastic XXXX mammary tissue.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Recent biochemical studies have led to the identification of abnormal spectrins in the erythrocytes of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). In this report we describe the biochemical characterization of the erythrocytes from a proband with severe @entity3 who is doubly heterozygous for two mutant spectrins (Sp): @entity1 I/74 and a new, previously undetected, mutant of alpha-spectrin designated @entity1 I/61. The proband's erythrocytes are unstable when exposed to 45 degrees C, and her membrane skeletons exhibit instability to shear stress. The content of spectrin in the proband's erythrocyte membranes is decreased to 75% of control values. The amount of spectrin dimers in crude 4 degrees C spectrin extracts is increased (58%) as compared with control values (6% +/- 4%). Limited tryptic digestion reveals a marked decrease in the normal 80,000-dalton alpha I domain, an increase in the 74,000-dalton fragment that is characteristic of @entity1 I/74, and an increase in a series of new fragments of 61,000, 55,000, 21,000, and 16,000 daltons. Both parents are asymptomatic, but they have increased amounts of spectrin dimers (17% to 25%). Limited tryptic digestion of the father's spectrin demonstrates the presence of a previously identified abnormal spectrin ( @entity1 I/74) that is characterized by a decrease in content of the 80,000-dalton peptide and an increase in concentration of the 74,000-dalton peptide. The mother's spectrin digests show a decrease in the amount of 80,000-dalton peptide and the formation of new peptides of 61,000, 55,000, 21,000, and 16,000 daltons. The data indicate that this severe form of @entity3 is due to the inheritance of two distinct abnormal spectrins, @entity1 I/74 and a new spectrin mutant, @entity1 I/61.

title: Spectrin-alpha I/61: a new structural variant of alpha-spectrin in a double-heterozygous form of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Forty @entity0 with relapsed (26) or refractory (14) @entity10 were treated with @entity8 of doses of 75, 90, 105, and 120 mg/m2 in groups of 6 or more @entity0 to test for response, maximum tolerated dose, and @entity1 . Thirteen @entity0 had received prior @entity6 and were included in the dose findings part of the study only. Staging was I (1), II (5), and III (34). Partial responses were seen in 5 @entity0 (18.5%) (duration 1.5, 2, 2.5, 10, and 18 months) not previously treated with @entity6 . No responses were seen in @entity0 treated with prior @entity13 . Responses were not dependent upon dose level of @entity8 . Median nadir white blood cell count at the four-dose levels were 2,300, 1,000, 1,600, and 1,700/mm3 with median nadir granulocyte counts of 897, 720, 688, and 192/mm3. @entity2 / @entity9 was infrequently observed at the three lower dose levels but occurred in 6 of 10 @entity0 at 120 mg/m2. Platelet nadirs were 110,000, 83,000, 169,000, and 42,000/mm3. Nonhematological @entity1 was not dose dependent and included @entity11 (100%), @entity3 / @entity4 (40%), and @entity12 (25%). Six @entity0 had greater than or equal to 0.10 changes in the resting ejection fraction with one @entity0 developing @entity7 that responded to medical management. This @entity0 had received prior @entity6 and had a history of @entity5 . @entity8 can produce remissions in @entity0 with previously treated @entity10 who have not received prior @entity6 . Since the response rate was not enhanced at 120/m2 and since @entity2 / @entity9 was seen regularly at this dose level, the recommended dose for further study is 105 mg/m2.

title: Phase I-II study of XXXX in @entity10 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Forty @entity0 with relapsed (26) or refractory (14) @entity10 were treated with @entity8 of doses of 75, 90, 105, and 120 mg/m2 in groups of 6 or more @entity0 to test for response, maximum tolerated dose, and @entity1 . Thirteen @entity0 had received prior @entity6 and were included in the dose findings part of the study only. Staging was I (1), II (5), and III (34). Partial responses were seen in 5 @entity0 (18.5%) (duration 1.5, 2, 2.5, 10, and 18 months) not previously treated with @entity6 . No responses were seen in @entity0 treated with prior @entity13 . Responses were not dependent upon dose level of @entity8 . Median nadir white blood cell count at the four-dose levels were 2,300, 1,000, 1,600, and 1,700/mm3 with median nadir granulocyte counts of 897, 720, 688, and 192/mm3. @entity2 / @entity9 was infrequently observed at the three lower dose levels but occurred in 6 of 10 @entity0 at 120 mg/m2. Platelet nadirs were 110,000, 83,000, 169,000, and 42,000/mm3. Nonhematological @entity1 was not dose dependent and included @entity11 (100%), @entity3 / @entity4 (40%), and @entity12 (25%). Six @entity0 had greater than or equal to 0.10 changes in the resting ejection fraction with one @entity0 developing @entity7 that responded to medical management. This @entity0 had received prior @entity6 and had a history of @entity5 . @entity8 can produce remissions in @entity0 with previously treated @entity10 who have not received prior @entity6 . Since the response rate was not enhanced at 120/m2 and since @entity2 / @entity9 was seen regularly at this dose level, the recommended dose for further study is 105 mg/m2.

title: Phase I-II study of @entity8 in XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Intravertebral infusion of angiotensin II ( @entity2 II) increases mean arterial pressure (MAP), but the contribution of cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) to this increase is unclear. In the present study, the effects of @entity2 II infusion on CO and regional blood flow was determined by the microsphere technique in eight conscious, chronically catheterized @entity1 . @entity2 II was infused into both vertebral arteries at 0.33 and 1.0 ng/kg/min, and intravenously at 0.66, 2.0 and 5.0 ng/kg/min. Intravertebral infusion of @entity2 II at 0.33 ng/kg/min increased MAP by increasing CO without changing TPR or peripheral plasma @entity2 II concentration. MAP also was increased with intravertebral infusion of @entity2 II at 1.0 ng/kg/min, but this resulted from small increases in both CO and TPR. In contrast, intravenous infusion of @entity2 II at 2.0 and 5.0 ng/kg/min increased MAP by increasing TPR in association with a decrease in CO. The increase in CO with intravertebral infusion of @entity2 II at 0.33 ng/kg/min was distributed primarily to the muscles, kidneys, heart, and brain. Intravenous infusion of @entity2 II at 5.0 ng/kg/min and, to a lesser extent, 2.0 ng/kg/min decreased blood flow to the skin, splanchnic region, and kidneys. These data indicate that the increase in MAP produced by a low intravertebral dose of @entity2 II results from an increase in CO, which is distributed primarily to the muscle, kidney, heart, and brain. In contrast, the increase in MAP produced by a higher intravertebral dose of @entity2 II results from increases in CO and TPR. This latter action is apparently due to a peripheral action of @entity2 II to increase resistance in the skin, @entity0 .

title: Effect of intravertebral angiotensin II on cardiac output and its distribution in conscious XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We studied 980 @entity0 with a first episode of @entity8 or @entity4 ( @entity4 ), to examine age-related differences in risk factors and in-hospital complications and mortality. Of the total group, 52.9% were over 60 years of age and 24.3% over 70 years. The proportion of females rose with increasing age, as did the proportion of ex-smokers, while the proportion of current smokers fell. Age correlated negatively with total @entity3 levels, and positively with high-density lipoprotein @entity3 levels. The proportion of @entity2 rose with age, as did in-hospital systolic, but not diastolic, blood pressure. Older @entity0 were more likely to have @entity1 , and to have had chronic @entity5 . There was no relation between age and either size or site of @entity6 . the proportion admitted with @entity8 fell with age, and, among @entity6 , the proportion developing complications rose. Mortality rose from 3.1% in the under 60 subjects to 20.0% in those over 70. @entity7 tended to become more lethal with advancing age, but the outcome of @entity9 was not influenced by age. With the current aging coronary care population, management and secondary prevention methods derived from studies confined to younger subjects may be inappropriate.

title: Risk factors and in-hospital course of first XXXX in the elderly.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The design of a microperfusion chamber is presented for use with spermatozoa or other cell suspensions. This chamber allows perfusion of a small number of spermatozoa during simultaneous observation of cell behavior at the microscope. The chamber is made from a flat glass capillary tube that is fitted at both ends with a filter unit containing Millipore filter discs. The entire assembly is designed to fit the stage of an inverted microscope. A population containing as few as several hundred sperm cells may be observed in the chamber during successive changes of the suspending medium as controlled by a perfusion pump. Several experiments are presented demonstrating sperm survival in the sealed chamber and the response of @entity1 and @entity0 sperm @entity2 after the washing process. For these manipulations, the percentage of motile cells, linear swimming speed and incidence of hyperactivated @entity2 are reported. Simple incubation in the chamber for 1 hour was not deleterious to the @entity2 of @entity1 spermatozoa. @entity0 seminal spermatozoa showed no decline in vigorous @entity2 after the washing procedure. Compared with in vitro capacitated spermatozoa, however, washing of @entity1 seminal spermatozoa showed a variable response. Finally, partially capacitated @entity0 spermatozoa were examined for any alteration of @entity2 during chamber incubation with a subsequent wash. When small numbers of spermatozoa or other cell types must be manipulated, the methodology can be effectively substituted for the standard washing procedure that uses repeated centrifugation and resuspension.

title: A microperfusion chamber for study of XXXX spermatozoa.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The decision to seek secondary treatment for @entity2 is often the result of concerns about the esthetic acceptability of appearance. There are no standard techniques to assess @entity2 for esthetic acceptability. Therefore, it is not possible to evaluate objectively either the need for or the benefits of treatment. If it could be shown that @entity0 agree closely on how they rate the esthetic appearance of @entity2 that vary in severity, then esthetic measures of @entity2 could be developed with @entity0 judgment as the yardstick. The goals of this study were: (1) to examine the reliability with which @entity0 express their preferences for @entity2 that vary in severity, (2) to determine if other facial characteristics influence the reliability of @entity0 's preferences for @entity2 , and (3) to evaluate if age and gender of @entity0 influence preferences for @entity2 . Based on preratings, eight types of photographic slides were created that varied in severity of @entity2 and global facial attractiveness. A second sample of subjects then rated the slides on the esthetic acceptability of appearance. @entity0 ranked the photographic types consistently. They least preferred the photographic types depicting severe @entity1 , or both, and most preferred faces with no impairment or moderate attractiveness, or both. There were also developmental effects in that younger @entity0 tended to have less consensus in their ratings of appearance than older @entity0 . Finally, @entity0 displayed greater consensus than @entity0 .

title: Reliability of esthetic ratings of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: With the theory that @entity2 is caused by sympathetic inhibition of contractility in the colon as a basis, 18 @entity0 with acute @entity2 were enrolled in a treatment program assessing the safety and efficacy of sympathetic blockade, by epidural anesthesia, in those who failed conservative management. In some cases colonoscopy had been performed initially and, if unsuccessful, these @entity0 were referred for treatment with epidural anesthesia. Seven @entity0 recovered with conservative treatment alone. One @entity0 refused further treatment and died of her underlying disease. Five of eight @entity0 treated by epidural anesthesia responded. There were no recurrences following successful epidural anesthesia. Five of eight @entity0 treated by colonoscopic decompression responded. No @entity0 required surgical intervention. One @entity0 suffered a @entity1 during colonoscopy. There were no significant complications from epidural anesthesia. Epidural anesthesia is safe, effective, simple, and well tolerated in the management of @entity2 .

title: Epidural anesthesia for XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: With the theory that @entity2 is caused by sympathetic inhibition of contractility in the colon as a basis, 18 @entity0 with acute @entity2 were enrolled in a treatment program assessing the safety and efficacy of sympathetic blockade, by epidural anesthesia, in those who failed conservative management. In some cases colonoscopy had been performed initially and, if unsuccessful, these @entity0 were referred for treatment with epidural anesthesia. Seven @entity0 recovered with conservative treatment alone. One @entity0 refused further treatment and died of her underlying disease. Five of eight @entity0 treated by epidural anesthesia responded. There were no recurrences following successful epidural anesthesia. Five of eight @entity0 treated by colonoscopic decompression responded. No @entity0 required surgical intervention. One @entity0 suffered a @entity1 during colonoscopy. There were no significant complications from epidural anesthesia. Epidural anesthesia is safe, effective, simple, and well tolerated in the management of @entity2 .

title: Epidural anesthesia for @entity2 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: One hundred and sixty-one @entity0 who were treated with @entity4 mustard, @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity2 (MOPP) chemotherapy for @entity3 have been observed for a median of 10.2 years. Eighty-two percent of those @entity0 received MOPP after relapse from previous irradiation. The complete response (CR) rate was 71%. For the 116 @entity0 achieving CR the relapse-free survival at 5 years was 83% and at 10 years, 79%. The overall survival was 72% at 5 years and 64% at 10 years. In a stepwise logistic regression analysis the most important clinical factors influencing response were B symptoms at presentation (fever greater than 38 degrees C, night sweats, @entity1 greater than 10% of body weight), histologic subtype, and lung or pleural involvement. @entity0 who received MOPP as first-line therapy had a significantly worse response rate than those who received MOPP upon relapse after radiotherapy. This difference is reduced when adjustments are made for the presence of the above prognostic factors. A Cox regression analysis showed that Stage IV at presentation and lymphocyte-depleted histology were the most important factors indicating reduced survival. @entity0 who achieved a CR to MOPP had a significantly improved survival. Of the 65 @entity0 who had died at the time of the analysis of this series, 46 died of progressive @entity3 . All four @entity0 who developed secondary @entity6 had received radiation as well as MOPP.

title: @entity4 mustard, XXXX , @entity7 , and @entity2 for relapse after radiation in @entity3 . An analysis of long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity5


abstract: One hundred and sixty-one @entity0 who were treated with @entity4 mustard, @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity2 (MOPP) chemotherapy for @entity3 have been observed for a median of 10.2 years. Eighty-two percent of those @entity0 received MOPP after relapse from previous irradiation. The complete response (CR) rate was 71%. For the 116 @entity0 achieving CR the relapse-free survival at 5 years was 83% and at 10 years, 79%. The overall survival was 72% at 5 years and 64% at 10 years. In a stepwise logistic regression analysis the most important clinical factors influencing response were B symptoms at presentation (fever greater than 38 degrees C, night sweats, @entity1 greater than 10% of body weight), histologic subtype, and lung or pleural involvement. @entity0 who received MOPP as first-line therapy had a significantly worse response rate than those who received MOPP upon relapse after radiotherapy. This difference is reduced when adjustments are made for the presence of the above prognostic factors. A Cox regression analysis showed that Stage IV at presentation and lymphocyte-depleted histology were the most important factors indicating reduced survival. @entity0 who achieved a CR to MOPP had a significantly improved survival. Of the 65 @entity0 who had died at the time of the analysis of this series, 46 died of progressive @entity3 . All four @entity0 who developed secondary @entity6 had received radiation as well as MOPP.

title: XXXX mustard, @entity5 , @entity7 , and @entity2 for relapse after radiation in @entity3 . An analysis of long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity4