abstract: The objective of this study was to present our experience with @entity4 and @entity3 in 10 @entity0 surgically managed in our department. Intrahepatic biliary @entity4 and @entity3 are @entity1 that are often misdiagnosed preoperatively as simple cysts or hydatid cysts. They recur after incomplete resection and entail a risk of malignant transformation to @entity3 . A retrospective review was conducted of @entity0 with histologically confirmed @entity4 and @entity3 between August 2004 and February 2013 who were surgically managed in our department. A total of 10 @entity0 , 9 female and 1 male (mean age, 50 years), with cystic liver were reviewed. The size of the cysts ranged between 3.5 and 16 cm (mean, 10.6). Five @entity0 had undergone previous interventions elsewhere and presented with recurrences. Liver resections included 6 hepatectomies, 2 bisegmentectomies, 1 extended right hepatectomy, and 1 enucleation due to the central position and the large size of the lesion. Pathology reports confirmed R0 resections in all cases. All @entity0 were alive after a median follow-up of 6 years (range, 1-10 years), and no recurrence was detected. Intrahepatic @entity4 and @entity3 should be considered in differential diagnosis in @entity0 with @entity2 . Because of the high recurrence rate and difficult accurate preoperative diagnosis, formal liver resection is mandatory. Enucleation with free margins is an option and is indicated where resection is impossible.

title: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of Intrahepatic XXXX and @entity3 : A Report of 10 Cases and Review of the Literature.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The objective of this study was to present our experience with @entity4 and @entity3 in 10 @entity0 surgically managed in our department. Intrahepatic biliary @entity4 and @entity3 are @entity1 that are often misdiagnosed preoperatively as simple cysts or hydatid cysts. They recur after incomplete resection and entail a risk of malignant transformation to @entity3 . A retrospective review was conducted of @entity0 with histologically confirmed @entity4 and @entity3 between August 2004 and February 2013 who were surgically managed in our department. A total of 10 @entity0 , 9 female and 1 male (mean age, 50 years), with cystic liver were reviewed. The size of the cysts ranged between 3.5 and 16 cm (mean, 10.6). Five @entity0 had undergone previous interventions elsewhere and presented with recurrences. Liver resections included 6 hepatectomies, 2 bisegmentectomies, 1 extended right hepatectomy, and 1 enucleation due to the central position and the large size of the lesion. Pathology reports confirmed R0 resections in all cases. All @entity0 were alive after a median follow-up of 6 years (range, 1-10 years), and no recurrence was detected. Intrahepatic @entity4 and @entity3 should be considered in differential diagnosis in @entity0 with @entity2 . Because of the high recurrence rate and difficult accurate preoperative diagnosis, formal liver resection is mandatory. Enucleation with free margins is an option and is indicated where resection is impossible.

title: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of Intrahepatic @entity4 and XXXX : A Report of 10 Cases and Review of the Literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a novel surgical alternative for formation of a neovagina in @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: Technique and instrumentations. SETTING: A specialized endoscopic surgery center. @entity0 (S): Four @entity0 with @entity1 , three of them without a uterus and one with a functioning uterus. INTERVENTION(S): A silicone Foley catheter sutured to the distal end of a sharp curved needle with a wide eye attached to a plastic handle and passed extraperitoneally into the space of Retzius followed by its inflation and upward traction for 8 days. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up were done. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Operative time, complication rate, tolerability of traction and retraction, reintervention rate, width and length of the newly formed vagina, and postoperative feasibility of intravaginal sexual intercourse for married cases. RESULT(S): The results were satisfactory (normal length and width of neovagina), without complications and with acceptable tolerability and normal sexual life within 8-10 days postoperatively for the married @entity0 . CONCLUSION(S): Both clinical and MRI follow-up confirmed that retropubic balloon vaginoplasty is a simple, fast, tolerable, safe, and available extraperitoneal procedure. It can be easily done by any gynecologist having basic knowledge of the anatomy of the retropubic space.

title: A new era for treating XXXX using transretropubic balloon vaginoplasty approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to determine the feasibility and early to medium-term outcome of stenting the @entity6 at the time of radiofrequency valvotomy in the subgroup of @entity0 with @entity5 with intact @entity1 and intermediate right ventricle. BACKGROUND: Stenting of the @entity6 and radiofrequency valvotomy have been proposed as the initial intervention for @entity0 with intermediate right ventricle inasmuch as the sustainability for biventricular circulation or 1  -ventricle repair is unclear in the early period. METHODS: Between January 2001 and April 2009, of 143 @entity0 with @entity5 and intact @entity1 , 37 who had bipartite right ventricle underwent radiofrequency valvotomy and stenting of the @entity6 as the initial procedure. The mean tricuspid valve z-score was -3.8    2.2 and the mean tricuspid valve/mitral valve ratio was 0.62    0.16. RESULTS: Median age was 10 days (3-65 days) and median weight 3.1 kg (2.4-4.9 kg). There was no procedural mortality. Acute stent @entity3 developed in 1 @entity0 and necessitated emergency systemic-pulmonary shunt. There were 2 early in-hospital deaths owing to @entity4 . One late @entity2 occurred owing to @entity1 after the operation. Survival after the initial procedure was 94% at 6 months and 91% at 5 years. At a median follow-up of 4 years (6 months to 8 years), 17 (48%) attained biventricular circulation with or without other interventions and 9 (26%) achieved 1  -ventricle repair. The freedom from reintervention was 80%, 68%, 58%, and 40% at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant stenting of the @entity6 at the time of radiofrequency valvotomy in @entity0 with @entity5 with intact @entity1 and intermediate right ventricle is feasible and safe with encouraging medium-term outcome.

title: Concomitant stenting of the @entity6 and radiofrequency valvotomy in @entity5 with intact XXXX and intermediate right ventricle: early in-hospital and medium-term outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to determine the feasibility and early to medium-term outcome of stenting the @entity6 at the time of radiofrequency valvotomy in the subgroup of @entity0 with @entity5 with intact @entity1 and intermediate right ventricle. BACKGROUND: Stenting of the @entity6 and radiofrequency valvotomy have been proposed as the initial intervention for @entity0 with intermediate right ventricle inasmuch as the sustainability for biventricular circulation or 1  -ventricle repair is unclear in the early period. METHODS: Between January 2001 and April 2009, of 143 @entity0 with @entity5 and intact @entity1 , 37 who had bipartite right ventricle underwent radiofrequency valvotomy and stenting of the @entity6 as the initial procedure. The mean tricuspid valve z-score was -3.8    2.2 and the mean tricuspid valve/mitral valve ratio was 0.62    0.16. RESULTS: Median age was 10 days (3-65 days) and median weight 3.1 kg (2.4-4.9 kg). There was no procedural mortality. Acute stent @entity3 developed in 1 @entity0 and necessitated emergency systemic-pulmonary shunt. There were 2 early in-hospital deaths owing to @entity4 . One late @entity2 occurred owing to @entity1 after the operation. Survival after the initial procedure was 94% at 6 months and 91% at 5 years. At a median follow-up of 4 years (6 months to 8 years), 17 (48%) attained biventricular circulation with or without other interventions and 9 (26%) achieved 1  -ventricle repair. The freedom from reintervention was 80%, 68%, 58%, and 40% at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant stenting of the @entity6 at the time of radiofrequency valvotomy in @entity0 with @entity5 with intact @entity1 and intermediate right ventricle is feasible and safe with encouraging medium-term outcome.

title: Concomitant stenting of the XXXX and radiofrequency valvotomy in @entity5 with intact @entity1 and intermediate right ventricle: early in-hospital and medium-term outcomes.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to determine the feasibility and early to medium-term outcome of stenting the @entity6 at the time of radiofrequency valvotomy in the subgroup of @entity0 with @entity5 with intact @entity1 and intermediate right ventricle. BACKGROUND: Stenting of the @entity6 and radiofrequency valvotomy have been proposed as the initial intervention for @entity0 with intermediate right ventricle inasmuch as the sustainability for biventricular circulation or 1  -ventricle repair is unclear in the early period. METHODS: Between January 2001 and April 2009, of 143 @entity0 with @entity5 and intact @entity1 , 37 who had bipartite right ventricle underwent radiofrequency valvotomy and stenting of the @entity6 as the initial procedure. The mean tricuspid valve z-score was -3.8    2.2 and the mean tricuspid valve/mitral valve ratio was 0.62    0.16. RESULTS: Median age was 10 days (3-65 days) and median weight 3.1 kg (2.4-4.9 kg). There was no procedural mortality. Acute stent @entity3 developed in 1 @entity0 and necessitated emergency systemic-pulmonary shunt. There were 2 early in-hospital deaths owing to @entity4 . One late @entity2 occurred owing to @entity1 after the operation. Survival after the initial procedure was 94% at 6 months and 91% at 5 years. At a median follow-up of 4 years (6 months to 8 years), 17 (48%) attained biventricular circulation with or without other interventions and 9 (26%) achieved 1  -ventricle repair. The freedom from reintervention was 80%, 68%, 58%, and 40% at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant stenting of the @entity6 at the time of radiofrequency valvotomy in @entity0 with @entity5 with intact @entity1 and intermediate right ventricle is feasible and safe with encouraging medium-term outcome.

title: Concomitant stenting of the @entity6 and radiofrequency valvotomy in XXXX with intact @entity1 and intermediate right ventricle: early in-hospital and medium-term outcomes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To isolate and identify genes related to @entity1 parasite @entity0 in vector mosquito, and to explore the mechanisms. METHODS: Anopheles stephensi infected with @entity2 was used as tester (T) group, while uninfected but normal blood fed as driver (D) one. Engorged female mosquitoes of two groups were collected separately at 24 hours after biting. An enriched subtractive cDNA pool was generated through the course of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and selective PCR amplification. The subtracted library was screened by hybridization using T and D cDNA mixture as probes, respectively. The positive clones, which produced stronger signal when probed with T than with D, were sequenced and their sequence homologues in GenBank database were searched with BLAST by internet. RESULTS: The analysis of subtraction efficiency showed that the differentially expressed genes in T comparing to in D were enriched significantly. In dot blot screening, 24 of 58 randomly selected clones (41.4%) were shown up-regulation in @entity1 infected mosquitoes. The BLAST search of 23 genes revealed that 12 were homologous to functionally known genes, 4 were homologous to functionally unknown entries, and 7 were novel without any relatives. Nine of the 23 genes (39.1%) also hit homologous sequences in the An. gambiae EST database generated from an immune competent cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CONCLUSION: An enriched cDNA pool of the mosquito genes which up-regulated responsively at the early stage of @entity1 parasite @entity0 was obtained. Expression screening against the pool indicated that various biochemical processes and mechanisms might be involved in the response of mosquito to parasite @entity0 , especially those related with the innate immune system and energy metabolism.

title: [Enrichment and screening of up-regulated genes of the mosquito Anopheles stephensi in response to XXXX parasite].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Community-acquired @entity1 is the most common infectious cause of @entity2 in the US. Over the last 2 decades, @entity0 characteristics and clinical care have changed. To understand the impact of these changes, we quantified incidence and mortality trends among elderly adults. METHODS: We used Medicare claims to identify episodes of @entity1 , based on a validated combination of diagnosis codes. Comorbidities were ascertained using the diagnosis codes located on a 1-year look back. Trends in @entity0 characteristics and site of care were compared. The association between year of @entity1 episode and 30-day mortality was then evaluated by logistic regression, with adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities. RESULTS: We identified 2,654,955 cases of @entity1 from 1987-2005. During this period, the proportion treated as inpatients decreased, the proportion aged >= 80 years increased, and the frequency of many comorbidities rose. Adjusted incidence increased to 3096 episodes per 100,000 population in 1999, with some decrease thereafter. Age/sex-adjusted mortality decreased from 13.5% to 9.7%, a relative reduction of 28.1%. Compared with 1987, the risk of mortality decreased through 2005 (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.47). This result was robust to a restriction on comorbid diagnoses assessing for the results' sensitivity to increased coding. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show a marked mortality reduction over time in @entity3 @entity0 . We hypothesize that increased pneumococcal and @entity4 vaccination rates as well as wider use of guideline-concordant antibiotics explain a large portion of this trend.

title: Marked reduction in 30-day mortality among elderly @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Community-acquired @entity1 is the most common infectious cause of @entity2 in the US. Over the last 2 decades, @entity0 characteristics and clinical care have changed. To understand the impact of these changes, we quantified incidence and mortality trends among elderly adults. METHODS: We used Medicare claims to identify episodes of @entity1 , based on a validated combination of diagnosis codes. Comorbidities were ascertained using the diagnosis codes located on a 1-year look back. Trends in @entity0 characteristics and site of care were compared. The association between year of @entity1 episode and 30-day mortality was then evaluated by logistic regression, with adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities. RESULTS: We identified 2,654,955 cases of @entity1 from 1987-2005. During this period, the proportion treated as inpatients decreased, the proportion aged >= 80 years increased, and the frequency of many comorbidities rose. Adjusted incidence increased to 3096 episodes per 100,000 population in 1999, with some decrease thereafter. Age/sex-adjusted mortality decreased from 13.5% to 9.7%, a relative reduction of 28.1%. Compared with 1987, the risk of mortality decreased through 2005 (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.47). This result was robust to a restriction on comorbid diagnoses assessing for the results' sensitivity to increased coding. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show a marked mortality reduction over time in @entity3 @entity0 . We hypothesize that increased pneumococcal and @entity4 vaccination rates as well as wider use of guideline-concordant antibiotics explain a large portion of this trend.

title: Marked reduction in 30-day mortality among elderly XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: To meet the increasing requirement for therapeutic antibodies to conduct clinical trials, an enhanced culture medium and fed-batch process was developed for GS-NS0 cell lines. This process was shown to produce high concentrations of monoclonal antibodies for several cell lines expressing different antibodies. Cells were adapted to growth in a @entity4 - and serum-free medium containing bovine serum albumin (BSA), @entity2 , and @entity1 . A number of @entity5 were found to be depleted during cell culture. The concentrations of these @entity5 were increased, and further cell culture analyses were performed. This process of cell growth and analysis was repeated over multiple cycles until no depletion was detected. This resulted in an @entity3 supplement that was shown to be generic and enhanced antibody productivity up to 5-fold for the three cell lines tested. @entity1 was replaced using @entity6 , a lipophilic @entity0 chelator and @entity7 . Cell growth was equivalent to that in @entity1 -containing medium over the wide ranges tested. A concentrated feed solution, based on the @entity3 supplement and the components of the serum- and protein-free supplements, was formulated. Addition of this feed in response to metabolic requirements resulted in a harvest titer a further 2-fold higher than the enhanced culture medium. Harvest antibody titers of up to 600 mg/L were achieved for three cell lines expressing different antibodies, representing an increase of 10-fold over the starting concentrations.

title: Improved fermentation processes for NS0 cell lines expressing human antibodies and XXXX synthetase.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: It has been proposed that neurodynamic examination can assist differential diagnosis of upper/mid @entity2 ; however, the diagnostic validity of many of these tests has yet to be established. This pilot study aimed to establish the diagnostic validity of the slump knee bend neurodynamic test for upper/mid @entity2 in subjects with suspected @entity1 . DESIGN: Two independent examiners performed the slump knee bend test on subjects with radicular leg @entity1 . Inter-tester reliability was calculated using the kappa coefficient. Slump knee bend test results were compared with magnetic resonance imaging findings, and diagnostic accuracy measures were calculated including sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios. SETTING: Orthopaedic spinal clinic, secondary care. @entity0 : Sixteen @entity0 with radicular leg @entity1 . RESULTS: All four subjects with mid @entity2 on magnetic resonance imaging were correctly identified with the slump knee bend test; however, it was falsely positive in two individuals without the condition. Inter-tester reliability for the slump knee bend test using the kappa coefficient was 0.71 (95% confidence interval 0.33 to 1.0). @entity3 for the slump knee bend test (95% confidence intervals) were: sensitivity, 100% (40 to 100%); specificity, 83% (52 to 98%); positive predictive value, 67% (22 to 96%); negative predictive value, 100% (69 to 100%); positive likelihood ratio, 6.0 (1.58 to 19.4); and negative likelihood ratio, 0 (0 to 0.6). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate good inter-tester reliability and suggest that the slump knee bend test has potential to be a useful clinical test for identifying @entity0 with mid @entity2 . Further investigation is needed on larger numbers of @entity0 to confirm these findings.

title: Reliability and diagnostic validity of the slump knee bend neurodynamic test for upper/mid XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) reduction and the tendency for a reduction in surrounding fatty issue and increase in the middle are a natural consequence of growing old and should be studied in order to gain a better understanding of the aging process. This study set out to find the @entity1 differences between active elderly @entity0 in two age groups (60-69 and 70-80 years) and to determine which of the anthropometric measurements, body weight (BW), abdominal circumference (AC), or body mass index (BMI) are the best predictors of @entity1 variation within the group. METHODS: Eighty-one (n=81) active elderly @entity0 of the Third Age willingly signed up to participate in the research during the activities at the University of the Third Age (UTA) in Brazil. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP). Body weight (BW), height (H) and the BMI were measured according to the international standards. The AC was measured in centimetres at the H of the navel and body composition was ascertained using bioimpedance analysis. The SAS program was used to perform the statistical analysis of independent samples and parametric data. RESULTS: The results showed @entity1 values with significant differences between the two groups, with the lowest values occurring among the @entity0 who were over 70 years of age. In the analysis, the Pearson's Correlation Coefficient for each measured independent variable was ascertained, with the BW measurement showing the highest ratio (0.900). CONCLUSIONS: The BW measurement was regarded as reliable, low-cost and easy to use for monitoring @entity1 in elderly @entity0 who engage in physical activities.

title: Body weight as an indicator of fat-free mass in active elderly XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: CONTEXT: Validated questionnaires are essential tools to be utilized in epidemiological research. At the moment there are no Rome III diagnostic questionnaires translated to Portuguese. OBJECTIVE: To validate the Portuguese version of the Rome III Diagnostic Questionnaire for Functional @entity2 . METHODS: The questionnaire has been translated following the Rome III recommendations. Hundred and nine consecutive @entity0 with functional @entity2 answered the questionnaire. The control group comprised 100 healthy consecutive blood donors, without digestive problems. Internal consistency, reproducibility, responsiveness, discriminate validity and content analysis were evaluated. RESULTS: Cronbach's a coefficient was 0.92. The questionnaire showed reliability: the @entity0 answered it in a similar way on two distinct occasions and their responses were substantially very similar (P = 1.00). The questionnaire was able to demonstrate changes when they occur (P<0.01). Two "blinded" gastroenterologists agreed that the questionnaire adequately evaluated Functional @entity2 . When we compared the answers between @entity0 and controls, the questionnaire showed that 5.3% of controls had @entity1 compared with 91.2% of the @entity0 (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The Rome III Diagnostic Questionnaire for Functional @entity2 is ready to be used in clinical researches in lusophone countries, as it has been successfully validated in Portuguese.

title: Portuguese validation of the Rome III diagnostic questionnaire for functional XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pleurodesis is an effective alternative for the control of @entity3 . However, there is as yet no consensus regarding the indications for the procedure and the techniques employed therein. The objective of this study was to evaluate how pleurodesis is performed in South and Central America. METHODS: Professionals who perform pleurodesis completed a questionnaire regarding the indications for the procedure, the techniques used therein, and the outcomes obtained. RESULTS: Our sample comprised 147 respondents in Brazil, 49 in other South American countries, and 36 in Central America. More than 50% of the respondents reported performing pleurodesis only if @entity0 had been confirmed. However, scores on @entity2 and performance status scales were rarely used as indications for the procedure. Nearly 75% of the respondents in Brazil and in Central America preferred to perform pleurodesis only for recurrent effusions and stated that lung expansion should be 90-100%. Talc slurry, instilled via medium-sized chest tubes, was the agent most often employed. Thoracoscopy was performed in less than 25% of cases. Fever and @entity1 were the most common side effects, and @entity4 occurred in < 14% of cases. The mean survival time after the procedure was most often reported to be 6-12 months. CONCLUSIONS: There was considerable variation among the countries evaluated in terms of the indications for pleurodesis, techniques used, and outcomes. Talc slurry is the agent most commonly used, and thoracoscopy is the technique of choice in Brazil. Pleurodesis is an effective procedure that has few side effects, as evidenced by the low complication rates and high survival times.

title: Pleurodesis for XXXX : a survey of physicians in South and Central America.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fenestrated stent-grafts allow for treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) when they present with contraindications for conventional treatment. The fenestrated module is a custom-made module, specially designed to fit a specific @entity0 , using computed tomographic scan measurements, which entails manufacturing delay and high cost. The aim of our study was to evaluate the possibility to reproduce the interrenal aorta anatomy to design a standard fenestrated module that would fit the maximum number of @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: On a three-dimensional working station, we analyzed 289 preoperative computed tomographic scan results of @entity0 with @entity2 and who were treated with fenestrated stent-grafts comprising two fenestrations for the renal arteries and a scallop for the @entity3 ( @entity3 ). On curvilinear reconstructions, we successively measured the interrenal aorta diameter, its orientation, as well as the height of each renal ostium, taking the ostium center of the @entity3 as a reference mark. Later, a statistical analysis of these measures distribution was performed so as to design a fenestrated module that would fit the maximum number of @entity0 . RESULTS: The center of the @entity1 presented with a median orientation of 82.5   (range, 37.5-150) and a median distance of 9 mm (range, 0-30), in relation to the @entity3 ostium. The ostium center of the right renal artery presented with a median orientation of 285   (range, 240-337.5) and a median distance of 8 mm (range, 3-30), in relation to the @entity3 ostium. By positioning the current renal fenestrations (6-mm wide), on the basis of the calculated median positions, in our series, only 20% of the @entity0 could be treated with a standard fenestrated module. Should the diameter of these fenestrations be increased by 10 mm, it would then be possible to treat 50% of our @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The anatomy of the interrenal aorta and its branches is quite reproducible to design standard fenestrated stent-grafts that could treat half of the @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Anatomic study of juxta renal XXXX : impact on fenestrated stent-grafts.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To characterize spatial patterns of T2* in the placenta of the @entity1 ( @entity1 ), to correlate these patterns with placental perfusion determined using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), and to evaluate the potential for using the blood @entity0 level-dependent effect to quantify placental perfusion without the use of exogenous contrast reagent. METHODS: MRI was performed on three pregnant @entity1 at gestational day 110. Multiecho spoiled gradient echo measurements were used to compute maps of T2*. Spatial maxima in these maps were compared with foci of early enhancement determined by DCE-MRI. RESULTS: Local maxima in T2* maps were strongly correlated with spiral arteries identified by @entity3 -MRI, with mean spatial separations ranging from 2.34 to 6.11   mm in the three animals studied. Spatial patterns of R2* (   =   1/ T2*) within individual placental lobules can be quantitatively analyzed using a simple model to estimate fetal arterial @entity2 concentration [Hbo,f] and a parameter viPS/  , reflecting @entity0 transport to the fetus. Estimated mean values of [Hbo,f] ranged from 4.25   mM to 4.46   mM, whereas viPS/   ranged from 2.80   *   10(5) cm(-3) to 1.61   *   10(6) cm(-3) . CONCLUSIONS: Maternal spiral arteries show strong spatial correlation with foci of extended T2* observed in the primate placenta. A simple model of @entity0 transport accurately describes the spatial dependence of R2* within placental lobules and enables assessment of placental function and oxygenation without requiring administration of an exogenous contrast reagent. Magn Reson Med, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Functional imaging of the nonhuman primate Placenta with endogenous blood XXXX level-dependent contrast.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The emergence of the @entity2 -origin 2009 @entity1 pandemic illustrates the need for improved vaccine production and delivery strategies. Skin-based immunization represents an attractive alternative to traditional hypodermic needle vaccination routes. Microneedles (MNs) can deliver vaccine to the epidermis and dermis, which are rich in antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as Langerhans cells and dermal dendritic cells. Previous studies using coated or dissolvable microneedles emphasized the use of inactivated @entity1 virus or virus-like particles as skin-based vaccines. However, most currently available @entity1 vaccines consist of solubilized viral protein antigens. Here we test the hypothesis that a recombinant subunit @entity1 vaccine can be delivered to the skin by coated microneedles and can induce protective immunity. We found that @entity0 vaccinated via MN delivery with a stabilized recombinant trimeric soluble hemagglutinin (sHA) derived from A/Aichi/2/68 ( @entity3 had significantly higher immune responses than did @entity0 vaccinated with unmodified sHA. These @entity0 were fully protected against a lethal challenge with @entity1 virus. Analysis of postchallenge lung titers showed that MN-immunized @entity0 had completely cleared the virus from their lungs, in contrast to @entity0 given the same vaccine by a standard subcutaneous route. In addition, we observed a higher ratio of antigen-specific Th1 cells in trimeric sHA-vaccinated @entity0 and a greater mucosal antibody response. Our data therefore demonstrate the improved efficacy of a skin-based recombinant subunit @entity1 vaccine and emphasize the advantage of this route of vaccination for a protein subunit vaccine.

title: Microneedle vaccination with stabilized recombinant XXXX virus hemagglutinin induces improved protective immunity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity12 ( @entity13 ) was used for 33 @entity0 with @entity7 ; 22 @entity0 with @entity1 , 3 @entity0 with @entity8 , 4 @entity0 with @entity14 and 4 @entity0 with acute exacerbation of bronchiectasia. Clinical effects of CZX were evaluated in 33 @entity0 ; excellent in 16 and good in 14 @entity0 . The efficacy rate was 91%. Bacteriological effects of CZX were prominent in 7 @entity0 infected with @entity9 , @entity2 , @entity10 and Citrobacter, but not in a @entity0 infected with @entity6 . The elimination rate was 92% (12/13). As the side effects, exanthema in 1 @entity0 and @entity3 ( @entity4 and @entity5 ) in 1 @entity0 were observed. However, they improved without any treatment by cessation of CZX use. Abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 2 @entity0 with elevated GOT and/or @entity11 . They normalized after cessation of drug. The usefulness of CZX was 82% (27/33). Therefore, CZX is a very useful drug and its effects are promising in clinical management of @entity7 .

title: [Evaluation of XXXX in the treatment of @entity7 ].

answer: @entity12


abstract: @entity12 ( @entity13 ) was used for 33 @entity0 with @entity7 ; 22 @entity0 with @entity1 , 3 @entity0 with @entity8 , 4 @entity0 with @entity14 and 4 @entity0 with acute exacerbation of bronchiectasia. Clinical effects of CZX were evaluated in 33 @entity0 ; excellent in 16 and good in 14 @entity0 . The efficacy rate was 91%. Bacteriological effects of CZX were prominent in 7 @entity0 infected with @entity9 , @entity2 , @entity10 and Citrobacter, but not in a @entity0 infected with @entity6 . The elimination rate was 92% (12/13). As the side effects, exanthema in 1 @entity0 and @entity3 ( @entity4 and @entity5 ) in 1 @entity0 were observed. However, they improved without any treatment by cessation of CZX use. Abnormal laboratory findings were observed in 2 @entity0 with elevated GOT and/or @entity11 . They normalized after cessation of drug. The usefulness of CZX was 82% (27/33). Therefore, CZX is a very useful drug and its effects are promising in clinical management of @entity7 .

title: [Evaluation of @entity12 in the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: The progression of prelymphoma cells (PLC) in the bone marrow to @entity2 cells (LC) in the thymus in the presence of the lymphomagenic retrovirus SL3-3c was studied in a model system of virus-accelerated @entity4 in AKR/J @entity0 . On the average, a single LC appears in the thymus 30 days after the neonatal ip inoculation of SL3-3 @entity5 ; 50 days later, @entity4 is clinically detectable. PLC in the bone @entity1 in the thymus are continuously present during this period before @entity2 develops. @entity3 in the thymus increases as the animal nears the time of @entity2 development. Intrathymic inoculation, but not ip inoculation, of SL3-3 @entity5 results in accelerated @entity4 in 4- to 6-week-old AKR @entity0 . PLC defined as a population of bone marrow-derived thymocyte progenitor cells susceptible to malignant transformation by oncogenic retrovirus after homing to thymus were further studied and characterized. PLC, like normal bone marrow thymocyte progenitors, were found to be radiosensitive and glucocorticoid resistant. Thymocytes of 21- to 28-day-old AKR @entity0 , neonatally inoculated with SL3-3 @entity5 , were studied for PLC. They could not be detected. It is concluded that @entity2 development is the final outcome of a series of events in which bone marrow-derived thymocyte progenitors are transformed after entering the thymus by virus in the thymic environment.

title: Development of virus-accelerated XXXX in AKR @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The progression of prelymphoma cells (PLC) in the bone marrow to @entity2 cells (LC) in the thymus in the presence of the lymphomagenic retrovirus SL3-3c was studied in a model system of virus-accelerated @entity4 in AKR/J @entity0 . On the average, a single LC appears in the thymus 30 days after the neonatal ip inoculation of SL3-3 @entity5 ; 50 days later, @entity4 is clinically detectable. PLC in the bone @entity1 in the thymus are continuously present during this period before @entity2 develops. @entity3 in the thymus increases as the animal nears the time of @entity2 development. Intrathymic inoculation, but not ip inoculation, of SL3-3 @entity5 results in accelerated @entity4 in 4- to 6-week-old AKR @entity0 . PLC defined as a population of bone marrow-derived thymocyte progenitor cells susceptible to malignant transformation by oncogenic retrovirus after homing to thymus were further studied and characterized. PLC, like normal bone marrow thymocyte progenitors, were found to be radiosensitive and glucocorticoid resistant. Thymocytes of 21- to 28-day-old AKR @entity0 , neonatally inoculated with SL3-3 @entity5 , were studied for PLC. They could not be detected. It is concluded that @entity2 development is the final outcome of a series of events in which bone marrow-derived thymocyte progenitors are transformed after entering the thymus by virus in the thymic environment.

title: Development of virus-accelerated @entity4 in AKR XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: We investigated predictors of 90-day risk among @entity0 surviving the early period after an @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: The study population included 15 904 stabilized ST-segment elevation or non-ST-segment elevation @entity5 @entity0 randomized in SYMPHONY and 2nd SYMPHONY. We developed risk models for @entity1 , @entity1 or @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and @entity1 , @entity2 , or severe recurrent ischaemia (SRI) using Cox proportional-hazards techniques. Demographic, history, and pre-randomization clinical and medication variables were tested. Validation techniques included development of individual trial models, backward elimination and bootstrapping. Of 118 variables, 17 independently predicted mortality. The strongest associations included greater age (chi(2)=31.1), higher randomization heart rate (chi(2)=27.4), and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) variables ( @entity3 between qualifying event and randomization, chi(2)=21.8; history of @entity3 , chi(2)=12.2). Higher @entity4 clearance (chi(2)=17.7) and percutaneous coronary intervention between qualifying event and randomization (chi(2)=11.1) most strongly predicted lower risk. Similar characteristics entered the double and triple composite models, but @entity3 variables and age less strongly predicted these end-points. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 stabilized after @entity5 , those at highest risk over the next 90 days can be identified. Typical clinical markers are better at identifying risk of @entity1 than non-fatal @entity2 or SRI. Novel risk markers are needed for these outcomes.

title: Predictors of 90-day outcome in XXXX stabilized after acute coronary syndromes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Identifying cognitively healthy @entity0 at high risk of developing @entity2 is an ever-increasing focus. These individuals are essential for inclusion in observational studies into the natural history of the prodromal and early disease stages and for interventional studies aimed at prevention or disease modification. The success of this research is dependent on having access to a well characterised, representative and sufficiently large population of individuals. Access to such a population remains challenging as clinical research has, historically, focussed on @entity0 with @entity2 referred to secondary and tertiary services. The primary care system in the United Kingdom allows access to a true prodromal population prior to symptoms emerging and specialist referral. We report the development and recruitment rates of the CHARIOT register, a primary care-based recruitment register for research into the prevention of @entity2 . The CHARIOT register was designed specifically to support recruitment into observational natural history studies of pre-symptomatic or prodromal @entity2 stages, and primary or secondary prevention pharmaceutical trials or other prevention strategies for @entity2 and other cognitive problems associated with ageing. METHODS: @entity0 were recruited through searches of general practice lists across the west and central London regions. Invitations were posted to individuals aged between 60 and 85 years, without a diagnosis of @entity2 . Upon consent, a minimum data set of demographic and contact details was extracted from the @entity0 's electronic health record. RESULTS: To date, 123 surgeries participated in the register, recruiting a total of 24,509 @entity0 -a response rate of 22.3%. The age, gender and ethnicity profiles of @entity0 closely match that of the overall eligible population. Higher response rates tended to be associated with larger practices (r = 0.34), practices with a larger older population (r = 0.27), less socioeconomically disadvantaged practices (r = 0.68), and practices with a higher proportion of White @entity0 (r = 0.82). DISCUSSION: Response rates are comparable to other registers reported in the literature, and indicate good interest and support for a research register and for participation in research for the prevention of age-related @entity1 and @entity2 . We consider that the simplicity of the approach means that this system is easily scalable and replicable across the UK and internationally.

title: Development of the CHARIOT Research Register for the Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia and Other Late Onset XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Ventilatory chaos is strongly linked to the activity of central pattern generators, alone or influenced by respiratory or cardiovascular afferents. We hypothesized that @entity3 should alter ventilatory chaos through @entity0 . Chaotic dynamics of inspiratory flow was prospectively evaluated in 75 subjects undergoing carotid ultrasonography: 27 with severe @entity1 (>70%), 23 with moderate @entity2 (<70%), and 25 controls. Chaos was characterized by the noise titration method, the correlation dimension and the largest Lyapunov exponent. Baroreflex sensitivity was estimated in the frequency domain. In the control group, 92% of the time series exhibit nonlinear deterministic chaos with positive noise limit, whereas only 68% had a positive noise limit value in the stenoses groups. Ventilatory chaos was impaired in the groups with carotid stenoses, with significant parallel decrease in the noise limit value, correlation dimension and largest Lyapunov exponent, as compared to controls. In multiple regression models, the percentage of @entity1 was the best in predicting the correlation dimension (p<0.001, adjusted R(2): 0.35) and largest Lyapunov exponent (p<0.001, adjusted R(2): 0.6). Baroreflex sensitivity also predicted the correlation dimension values (p=0.05), and the LLE (p=0.08). Plaque removal after carotid surgery reversed the loss of ventilatory complexity. To conclude, ventilatory chaos is impaired in @entity3 . These findings depend on the severity of the @entity2 , its localization, plaque surface and morphology features, and is independently associated with baroreflex sensitivity reduction. These findings should help to understand the determinants of ventilatory complexity and breathing control in pathological conditions.

title: Ventilatory chaos is impaired in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A physiological distinction between eating occasions may help account for contradictory findings on the role of eating frequency in energy homeostasis. We assessed this issue using a midafternoon eating occasion known in France as the go  ter that often consists of snack foods. Among the 24 male subjects, 8 habitually consumed four meals per day, i.e., were usual go  ter eaters (GE) and 16 habitually took 3 meals per day, i.e., usual non-go  ter non-snack eaters (NGNSE). All subjects were time blinded from lunchtime and had to request subsequent meals. Blood was continuously withdrawn and collected with a change of tube every 10 min until dinner request. During the session, 8 of the non-go  ter eaters (NGE) were offered a snack 210 min after lunch and were designated as @entity2 ( @entity2 ) if they ate. Results showed that the go  ter was preceded by high hunger scores and a linear decline in plasma @entity0 (-9.0+/-3.0%, P<.05) and @entity1 concentrations (-22.9+/-6.0%, P<.05). These profiles were not observed before the snack. The dinner of GE was requested later and was smaller compared to NGNSE, whereas the snack altered neither time of request nor energy intake (EI) at dinner. Among blood variables, leptin at the onset of eating was the only factor that was predictive of both intermeal interval and EI. The @entity0 and @entity1 profiles indicate that snacks should not be considered as meals in studies on the role of eating frequency in energy homeostasis.

title: A role for XXXX and @entity1 preprandial profiles to differentiate meals and snacks.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A physiological distinction between eating occasions may help account for contradictory findings on the role of eating frequency in energy homeostasis. We assessed this issue using a midafternoon eating occasion known in France as the go  ter that often consists of snack foods. Among the 24 male subjects, 8 habitually consumed four meals per day, i.e., were usual go  ter eaters (GE) and 16 habitually took 3 meals per day, i.e., usual non-go  ter non-snack eaters (NGNSE). All subjects were time blinded from lunchtime and had to request subsequent meals. Blood was continuously withdrawn and collected with a change of tube every 10 min until dinner request. During the session, 8 of the non-go  ter eaters (NGE) were offered a snack 210 min after lunch and were designated as @entity2 ( @entity2 ) if they ate. Results showed that the go  ter was preceded by high hunger scores and a linear decline in plasma @entity0 (-9.0+/-3.0%, P<.05) and @entity1 concentrations (-22.9+/-6.0%, P<.05). These profiles were not observed before the snack. The dinner of GE was requested later and was smaller compared to NGNSE, whereas the snack altered neither time of request nor energy intake (EI) at dinner. Among blood variables, leptin at the onset of eating was the only factor that was predictive of both intermeal interval and EI. The @entity0 and @entity1 profiles indicate that snacks should not be considered as meals in studies on the role of eating frequency in energy homeostasis.

title: A role for @entity0 and XXXX preprandial profiles to differentiate meals and snacks.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examines whether expression of @entity7 is associated with clinicopathological features and other molecular markers of @entity3 . METHODS: Sixty-four paraffin-embedded tissue specimens were obtained from @entity0 with @entity3 who received cytoreductive surgery and combination chemotherapy. Tissue specimens were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies to @entity7 , @entity6 , and @entity2 . RESULTS: Increased @entity7 expression significantly correlated with histologic type (mucinous 5.6% vs. non-mucinous 65.2%, P<0.001). @entity7 expression was also significantly associated with stage, @entity1 grade, @entity4 status, and presence of @entity5 . @entity7 expression correlated positively with expression of @entity6 (P=0.006) and @entity2 (P=0.025). Although survival was lower in @entity0 with high @entity7 expression than in those without high @entity7 expression (P<0.001), only @entity1 grade and stage were independent prognostic indicators. In @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity7 expression correlated with stage (P<0.001) and presence of @entity5 (P=0.033). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that expression of @entity7 in @entity3 is specific to histologic type of @entity1 and is associated with poor clinicopathologic prognostic factors. Expression of @entity7 also correlates well with expression of @entity6 and @entity2 .

title: Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in association with clinicopathological prognostic factors and molecular markers in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells generally exhibit a normal karyotype, are transcriptionally and epigenetically similar to embryonic stem (ES) cells, and maintain the potential to differentiate into derivatives of all germ layers. Recently, the use of different types of cell or tissue derived from iPS cells for transplantation has become a possibility. However, the differentiation of epithelial lineages from iPS cells has not yet been demonstrated. We attempted to establish a culture technique for the induction of epithelial progenitors from @entity0 iPS cells. @entity0 iPS cells were cultured on dishes coated with type IV collagen in keratinocyte culture medium (KCM) supplemented with or without @entity2 ( @entity2 ) or combined with pretreatment of @entity1 (RA) and @entity2 in the undifferentiated state. Markers for undifferentiated cells ( @entity4 , @entity6 ) and for differentiation ( @entity5 , @entity3 ) were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and real-time RT-PCR. Putative epithelial progenitors were successfully induced in vitro from iPS cells. These progenitors expressed @entity5 , a transcription factor necessary for maintenance of regenerative epithelia and @entity3 constitutively present in the basal layer of stratified epithelia. Enhancement of putative epithelial progenitor commitment was observed when cultured in KCM with @entity2 following pretreatment of RA and @entity2 . The differentiation efficiency of putative epithelial progenitors from iPS cell cultures was similar to that of ES cell cultures. This report is the first to demonstrate in vitro differentiation of iPS cells into putative epithelial progenitors. These iPS-derived putative epithelial progenitors provide a powerful tool for understanding the mechanisms of epithelial lineage differentiation.

title: Induction of putative stratified epithelial progenitor cells in vitro from XXXX -induced pluripotent stem cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: An acid proteinase from Monascus purpureus No. 3403, MpuAP, was previously purified and some characterized in our laboratory (Agric Biol Chem 48:1637-1639, 1984). However, further information about this enzyme is lacking. In this study, we investigated MpuAP's comprehensive substrate specificity, storage stability, and prospects for reducing antigenicity of whey proteins for application in the food industry. MpuAP hydrolyzed primarily five peptide bonds, @entity3 (4)-His(5), His(10)-Leu(11), Ala(14)-Leu(15), @entity2 (23)- @entity1 (24) and @entity1 (24)- @entity1 (25) in the oxidized insulin B-chain. The lyophilized form of the enzyme was well preserved at 30-40  C for 7 days without stabilizers. To investigate the possibility of reducing the antigenicity of the milk whey protein, enzymatic hydrolysates of the whey protein were evaluated by inhibition ELISA. Out of the three main components of whey protein, casein and a-lactalbumin were efficiently degraded by MpuAP. The sequential reaction of MpuAP and trypsin against the whey protein successfully degraded casein, a-lactalbumin and b-lactoglobulin with the highest degree of hydrolysis. As a result, the hydrolysates obtained by using the MpuAP-trypsin combination showed the lowest antigenicity compared with the single application of pepsin, trypsin or pepsin-trypsin combination. Therefore, the overall result suggested that the storage-stable MpuAP and trypsin combination will be a productive approach for making hypoallergic @entity0 milk whey protein hydrolysates.

title: Application of an acid proteinase from Monascus purpureus to reduce antigenicity of XXXX milk whey protein.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of the introduction of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on local recurrence rate and survival in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: A total of 171 consecutive @entity0 underwent anterior or abdominoperineal resection for primary @entity2 . When the @entity5 technique was introduced, the clinical setting, including the surgeons, remained the same. Group 1 (1993-95, n =53) underwent conventional surgery and group 2 (1995-2001, n = 118) underwent @entity5 . All @entity0 were followed for 7 years or until @entity3 . RESULTS: Between the two groups, no statistically significant differences were present with regards to @entity0 -, treatment-, or @entity2 -related characteristics apart from the time point of radiotherapy. The total local recurrence rates were 11 of 53 (20.8%) in group 1 and 7 of 118 (5.9%) in group 2, and the rates of isolated local recurrences were 6 of 53 (11.3%) in group 1 and 2 of 118 (1.7%) in group 2. Both differences were highly statistically significant. The disease-free survival in groups 1 and 2 was 60.4 and 65.3% at 5 years, and 58.5 and 65.3% at 7 years, respectively. Excluding @entity0 with synchronous or metachronous distant @entity1 from the analysis, both the @entity2 -specific survival were statistically significantly better in group 2 than in group 1. No statistically significant difference between the two groups was detected regarding the overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of @entity5 led to an impressive reduction of the local recurrence rate. Survival is mainly determined by the occurrence of distant @entity1 , but @entity5 seems to improve survival in @entity0 without @entity4 .

title: The impact of the introduction of XXXX on local recurrence rate and survival in @entity2 : long-term results.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of the introduction of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on local recurrence rate and survival in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: A total of 171 consecutive @entity0 underwent anterior or abdominoperineal resection for primary @entity2 . When the @entity5 technique was introduced, the clinical setting, including the surgeons, remained the same. Group 1 (1993-95, n =53) underwent conventional surgery and group 2 (1995-2001, n = 118) underwent @entity5 . All @entity0 were followed for 7 years or until @entity3 . RESULTS: Between the two groups, no statistically significant differences were present with regards to @entity0 -, treatment-, or @entity2 -related characteristics apart from the time point of radiotherapy. The total local recurrence rates were 11 of 53 (20.8%) in group 1 and 7 of 118 (5.9%) in group 2, and the rates of isolated local recurrences were 6 of 53 (11.3%) in group 1 and 2 of 118 (1.7%) in group 2. Both differences were highly statistically significant. The disease-free survival in groups 1 and 2 was 60.4 and 65.3% at 5 years, and 58.5 and 65.3% at 7 years, respectively. Excluding @entity0 with synchronous or metachronous distant @entity1 from the analysis, both the @entity2 -specific survival were statistically significantly better in group 2 than in group 1. No statistically significant difference between the two groups was detected regarding the overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of @entity5 led to an impressive reduction of the local recurrence rate. Survival is mainly determined by the occurrence of distant @entity1 , but @entity5 seems to improve survival in @entity0 without @entity4 .

title: The impact of the introduction of @entity5 on local recurrence rate and survival in XXXX : long-term results.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 177 @entity0 with an average age of 30 years were investigated for ureaplasma, @entity4 and for antibodies against the chlamydia group antigen. Specimen of endocervical mucus and catheter specimens of urine were cultured and the ELISA ("enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay") technique applied. In addition the purity class (I to III) of gram-stained vaginal smears was determined. Ureaplasma were isolated from 45.8 and 26.0%, @entity4 from 9.0 and 7.9% of cervical and urine specimens respectively. The @entity0 were divided into 5 clinical groups. @entity0 in the first three groups (I-III, @entity2 , @entity3 anomalies, benign and @entity1 of the genital tract) showed a significantly (p less than or equal to 0.05) higher colony count of ureaplasma in their urine than @entity0 in the other two groups (IV and V, who had attended the hospital for reproductive problems or for routine examination). There was a clear correlation between the isolation rates of ureaplasma and @entity4 and the purity classes of the vaginal smears. The rate of isolation increased progressively with class II and III smears. Antibodies against the chlamydia group antigen were detected in about 40% of all sera tested. A very high titer of antibodies reflecting a recent chlamydial infection was found in 11% of the sera tested.

title: The prevalence of ureaplasma, XXXX and antibodies against chlamydia group antigen in gynecological outpatients.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Immunoadsorption (IA) is used in @entity0 with chronic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) to remove @entity5 autoantibodies, and to improve myocardial function. We examined the effects of IA on endothelial function, circulating endothelial progenitor cells, and circulating microparticles, including endothelial-derived microparticles, in @entity0 with chronic @entity1 . METHODS: Thirteen @entity0 (10 males, 3 females, mean age 52.3  years) with advanced @entity4 (NYHA III and IV) secondary due to chronic @entity1 (with signs of @entity1 in biopsies, but without persistence of virus genome), and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (EF  <  35%) underwent IA. Blood samples were drawn before an IA course of 5  days, and 6  months after IA. Blood levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs as defined as @entity2 (+) @entity7 (+) cells), of microparticles (MPs as defined as @entity8 (+) particles with a diameter between 0.1 and 1   m), and of endothelial-derived MPs (eMPs as defined as @entity6 (+bright) @entity9 (-)/ @entity8 (+) particles) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Endothelial function (expressed as reactive @entity3 index (RHI)) and arterial stiffness were assessed by PAT-technology (peripheral arterial tone) using fingertips. RESULTS: Left ventricular systolic function (EF%) improved on average at 6  months from 26.3      4.8 to 37.9      9.6% (mean      SEM; p  <  0.05). The LV end-diastolic diameter reduced after 6  months from 68.4      8.2 to 61.6      7.9  mm; p  <  0.05). Endothelial function improved from 1.53      0.09 to 1.80      0.12 (p  <  0.05). The arterial stiffness index remained unchanged. Number of total MPs decreased on average by 36.8% (p  <  0.05), the number of eMPs by 39.6% (p  <  0.05), respectively. The level of circulating EPC remained unchanged (EPC/PMNC 0.26      0.07 vs. 0.27      0.05    , p  =  n.s.). CONCLUSIONS: IA treatment improves endothelial function in @entity0 with chronic @entity1 . This effect is associated with a significant drop in circulating microparticles. The causal relationship between circulating microparticles and endothelial function is discussed.

title: Effects of immunoadsorption on endothelial function, circulating endothelial progenitor cells and circulating microparticles in XXXX with inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Social networks are increasingly recognized as important determinants of many @entity2 , yet little data exist regarding the influence of social networks on @entity1 . We surveyed @entity1 @entity0 to determine how social networks affect their overall level of concern regarding @entity1 and its complications. We adapted a previously published instrument and surveyed 240 @entity1 @entity0 at two primary care practices. @entity0 recorded the number of family and friends who had @entity1 and rated their level of concern about @entity1 on a scale of 0% (no concern) to 100% (extremely concerned). Our primary outcome variable was @entity0 ' level of concern (<75% or >= 75%). We developed logistic regression models to determine the effect of disease burden in @entity0 ' social networks on expressed level of concern about @entity1 . We received 154 surveys (64% response rate). We found that for each additional family member with @entity1 , @entity0 expressed a greater level of concern about @entity1 (AOR 1.5; 95% CI 1.2-2.0) and its potential complications (AOR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.7). Similarly, @entity0 with an increased number of friends with @entity1 expressed greater concern about @entity1 (AOR 1.5; 95% CI 1.2-1.9) and its complications (AOR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1-1.7). @entity0 with a higher prevalence of @entity1 within their social networks expressed greater concern about @entity1 and @entity1 complications. Determining disease burden within @entity0 ' social networks may allow physicians to better understand @entity0 ' perspectives on their disease and ultimately help them achieve meaningful behavioral change.

title: The influence of social networks on XXXX ' attitudes toward type II diabetes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: With fewer than 40 cases described in the otolaryngology literature, mixed @entity6 represents a rare but phenotypically distinct @entity1 . While isolated @entity2 may be admixed with normal follicular structures, true mixed @entity2 morphological and immunological characteristics of medullary and @entity5 within a single lesion. We report the case of a 73-year old @entity0 initially evaluated for a multinodular @entity7 . The @entity0 denied a family history of @entity3 or other @entity8 . Fine needle aspiration of a nodule of the thyroid isthmus suggested a @entity1 with abundant Hurthle cells and colloid present. Considering these findings, the @entity0 underwent a left thyroid lobectomy with isthmusectomy. Histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen revealed a @entity3 measuring 0.4 cm in size. Within this lesion, a distinct focus of @entity6 , follicular variant, measuring 0.1 cm was also identified. Mixed @entity6 is a rare clinical entity but merits consideration in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules particularly in @entity0 with a family history of @entity4 . The foundation of treatment of this lesion is total thyroidectomy with central compartment node dissection in the clinically N0 neck and dissection of levels II-VII in the node-positive neck.

title: Mixed XXXX of the thyroid: a case report.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether perioperative @entity3 levels or ionized @entity2 levels are associated with symptomatic hypocalcaemia, in @entity0 undergoing parathyroidectomy for @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective noncontrolled study of a cohort of 100 @entity0 , undergoing parathyroidectomy at a single tertiary care medical centre. METHODS: Prospectively collected data from January 2002 to April 2008 on 100 unique @entity0 undergoing parathyroidectomy for @entity1 were evaluated for age, sex, preoperative and intraoperative @entity3 levels, and preoperative and postoperative ionized @entity2 levels, extent of operation, final pathology, and postoperative symptomatic hypocalcaemia. Comparisons of those with and without symptomatic hypocalcaemia were made with Fisher's exact test for binary characteristics and with the Wilcoxon test for continuous characteristics. Results were deemed statistically significant at the 5% level (p < 0.05) with no correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 (12%) developed symptomatic hypocalcaemia in the post operative period. Neither, initial levels nor subsequent changes in @entity3 or ionized @entity2 were found to be associated with symptomatic postoperative hypocalcaemia. @entity0 developing hypocalcaemia tended to be younger (p = 0.057) and showed a significantly higher percentage when multiple glands were removed (p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: Initial levels or subsequent changes in @entity3 or ionized @entity2 were not found to be associated with symptomatic hypocalcaemia. The removal of more than one gland did correlate with symptomatic post operative hypocalcaemia.

title: Serum @entity3 and ionized XXXX levels as predictors of symptomatic hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether perioperative @entity3 levels or ionized @entity2 levels are associated with symptomatic hypocalcaemia, in @entity0 undergoing parathyroidectomy for @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective noncontrolled study of a cohort of 100 @entity0 , undergoing parathyroidectomy at a single tertiary care medical centre. METHODS: Prospectively collected data from January 2002 to April 2008 on 100 unique @entity0 undergoing parathyroidectomy for @entity1 were evaluated for age, sex, preoperative and intraoperative @entity3 levels, and preoperative and postoperative ionized @entity2 levels, extent of operation, final pathology, and postoperative symptomatic hypocalcaemia. Comparisons of those with and without symptomatic hypocalcaemia were made with Fisher's exact test for binary characteristics and with the Wilcoxon test for continuous characteristics. Results were deemed statistically significant at the 5% level (p < 0.05) with no correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 (12%) developed symptomatic hypocalcaemia in the post operative period. Neither, initial levels nor subsequent changes in @entity3 or ionized @entity2 were found to be associated with symptomatic postoperative hypocalcaemia. @entity0 developing hypocalcaemia tended to be younger (p = 0.057) and showed a significantly higher percentage when multiple glands were removed (p = 0.026). CONCLUSION: Initial levels or subsequent changes in @entity3 or ionized @entity2 were not found to be associated with symptomatic hypocalcaemia. The removal of more than one gland did correlate with symptomatic post operative hypocalcaemia.

title: Serum XXXX and ionized @entity2 levels as predictors of symptomatic hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: In gerbils in which @entity0 was induced by @entity3 , neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus were activated. Since about half the neurons in this region are serotonergic, this indicates that @entity1 ( @entity1 ) might play a role in the mechanisms of central @entity0 . The goal of this study was to determine if serotonergic neurons are activated during @entity3 -induced @entity0 . Further, to determine if the same neurons might modulate the cochlea during @entity0 , neuroanatomical tract-tracing with @entity1 immunohistochemistry was used to determine if serotonergic neurons project to the gerbil cochlea. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, gerbils. METHODS: Six gerbils were injected with @entity3 (saline for controls). Four hours later, the gerbils were euthanized, perfused, and their brains collected for immunohistochemical labeling of @entity1 and @entity2 . For the tract-tracing, FluoroGold was injected into the cochleae of 3 gerbils. The gerbils were euthanized and perfused 4-11 days later and the brains immunohistochemically processed for @entity1 . RESULTS: More serotonergic neurons expressed @entity2 in the @entity3 -injected animals compared to controls. The increase was significant for 3 of the 8 major serotonergic cell groups including B7, B9, and the caudal linear nucleus. Despite robust labeling of olivocochlear and vestibular efferents with FluoroGold, @entity1 -labeled neurons containing FluoroGold were lacking. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 -induced @entity0 activates serotonergic neurons in rostral cell groups. Activation of these neurons is not likely to influence cochlear function directly, but is likely to influence a number of auditory and non-auditory regions known to be involved with @entity0 .

title: Activation of serotonergic neurons during @entity3 -induced XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: In gerbils in which @entity0 was induced by @entity3 , neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus were activated. Since about half the neurons in this region are serotonergic, this indicates that @entity1 ( @entity1 ) might play a role in the mechanisms of central @entity0 . The goal of this study was to determine if serotonergic neurons are activated during @entity3 -induced @entity0 . Further, to determine if the same neurons might modulate the cochlea during @entity0 , neuroanatomical tract-tracing with @entity1 immunohistochemistry was used to determine if serotonergic neurons project to the gerbil cochlea. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, gerbils. METHODS: Six gerbils were injected with @entity3 (saline for controls). Four hours later, the gerbils were euthanized, perfused, and their brains collected for immunohistochemical labeling of @entity1 and @entity2 . For the tract-tracing, FluoroGold was injected into the cochleae of 3 gerbils. The gerbils were euthanized and perfused 4-11 days later and the brains immunohistochemically processed for @entity1 . RESULTS: More serotonergic neurons expressed @entity2 in the @entity3 -injected animals compared to controls. The increase was significant for 3 of the 8 major serotonergic cell groups including B7, B9, and the caudal linear nucleus. Despite robust labeling of olivocochlear and vestibular efferents with FluoroGold, @entity1 -labeled neurons containing FluoroGold were lacking. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 -induced @entity0 activates serotonergic neurons in rostral cell groups. Activation of these neurons is not likely to influence cochlear function directly, but is likely to influence a number of auditory and non-auditory regions known to be involved with @entity0 .

title: Activation of serotonergic neurons during XXXX -induced @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Environmental dyes and their derivatives, some of which are genotoxic, must be transported within the body to the tissues which they affect. One mechanism for this can be observed directly by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (X-IEP). Binding of these chemicals to certain serum proteins changes electrophoretic and immunoprecipitation morphology in X-IEP patterns. This is demonstrated here for four @entity5 dyes derived from @entity2 , @entity6 , and @entity1 , and their parent @entity3 . Direct @entity7 (a @entity6 -based dye), Direct Blue 15 (a @entity1 -based dye), Direct Black 38 (a @entity2 -based dye), and Evans Blue (a @entity6 -based dye) all bound to albumin, alpha 1-lipoprotein, beta-lipoprotein, and @entity4 . Direct @entity7 only slightly affected the mobilities of these proteins. Direct Blue 15 bound also to prealbumin and @entity0 , and degraded C3 globulin. Direct Black 38 and Evans Blue bound to numerous additional proteins. Evans Blue bound variably to proteins of sera from different individuals, suggesting that there are individual differences in serum protein binding capabilities for these chemicals. Of the three derivatives of the @entity2 dyes, only @entity6 caused changes in X-IEP patterns, indicating its binding to the serum proteins. This chemical differentially affected sub-populations of alpha 1-lipoprotein, either by altering its electrophoretic mobility or inhibiting its recognition by antibodies. Autoradiographic analyses demonstrated the binding of @entity2 and @entity6 to both alpha 1- and beta-lipoproteins.

title: Differential serum protein binding of XXXX - and @entity2 -congener based dyes and their derivatives.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Environmental dyes and their derivatives, some of which are genotoxic, must be transported within the body to the tissues which they affect. One mechanism for this can be observed directly by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (X-IEP). Binding of these chemicals to certain serum proteins changes electrophoretic and immunoprecipitation morphology in X-IEP patterns. This is demonstrated here for four @entity5 dyes derived from @entity2 , @entity6 , and @entity1 , and their parent @entity3 . Direct @entity7 (a @entity6 -based dye), Direct Blue 15 (a @entity1 -based dye), Direct Black 38 (a @entity2 -based dye), and Evans Blue (a @entity6 -based dye) all bound to albumin, alpha 1-lipoprotein, beta-lipoprotein, and @entity4 . Direct @entity7 only slightly affected the mobilities of these proteins. Direct Blue 15 bound also to prealbumin and @entity0 , and degraded C3 globulin. Direct Black 38 and Evans Blue bound to numerous additional proteins. Evans Blue bound variably to proteins of sera from different individuals, suggesting that there are individual differences in serum protein binding capabilities for these chemicals. Of the three derivatives of the @entity2 dyes, only @entity6 caused changes in X-IEP patterns, indicating its binding to the serum proteins. This chemical differentially affected sub-populations of alpha 1-lipoprotein, either by altering its electrophoretic mobility or inhibiting its recognition by antibodies. Autoradiographic analyses demonstrated the binding of @entity2 and @entity6 to both alpha 1- and beta-lipoproteins.

title: Differential serum protein binding of @entity2 - and XXXX -congener based dyes and their derivatives.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Delhi, is a national nodal centre for surveillance of pandemic @entity2 (H1N1) in India. The present study was undertaken to see the period of infectivity in positive cases undergoing antiviral therapy. OBJECTIVE: To assess the duration of @entity4 by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) in some of the positive @entity0 taking @entity3 treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical samples (throat swabs, nasal swabs and nasopharyngeal swabs) collected by the clinicians from @entity0 quarantined in government hospitals in different parts of India are being sent to the designated reference laboratory at Delhi for screening presence of @entity4 . The samples are tested by Real-Time PCR using CDC recommended reagents and protocol for confirmation of the H1N1 novel influenza @entity4 . In 150 of the positive cases, we requested the clinicians to send samples for 5 consecutive days after administration of antiviral therapy, to see the trend of therapy response on @entity6 . Samples for more than 5 days were received from @entity0 till they showed no amplification for any of the three target genes ( @entity2 , @entity5 @entity2 or @entity5 H1). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In 99.33% (149/150) cases, the @entity1 resolved within 10 days. Sixty-four percent (96/150) of the positive @entity0 turned negative within 5 days of the start of antiviral treatment. Only one @entity0 belonging to high risk group showed prolonged @entity4 (19 days).

title: Pandemic @entity2 (H1N1) 2009 in India: duration of XXXX in patients under antiviral treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Delhi, is a national nodal centre for surveillance of pandemic @entity2 (H1N1) in India. The present study was undertaken to see the period of infectivity in positive cases undergoing antiviral therapy. OBJECTIVE: To assess the duration of @entity4 by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) in some of the positive @entity0 taking @entity3 treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical samples (throat swabs, nasal swabs and nasopharyngeal swabs) collected by the clinicians from @entity0 quarantined in government hospitals in different parts of India are being sent to the designated reference laboratory at Delhi for screening presence of @entity4 . The samples are tested by Real-Time PCR using CDC recommended reagents and protocol for confirmation of the H1N1 novel influenza @entity4 . In 150 of the positive cases, we requested the clinicians to send samples for 5 consecutive days after administration of antiviral therapy, to see the trend of therapy response on @entity6 . Samples for more than 5 days were received from @entity0 till they showed no amplification for any of the three target genes ( @entity2 , @entity5 @entity2 or @entity5 H1). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In 99.33% (149/150) cases, the @entity1 resolved within 10 days. Sixty-four percent (96/150) of the positive @entity0 turned negative within 5 days of the start of antiviral treatment. Only one @entity0 belonging to high risk group showed prolonged @entity4 (19 days).

title: Pandemic XXXX (H1N1) 2009 in India: duration of @entity4 in patients under antiviral treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Mutations in @entity3 are the most common cause of @entity6 , ranging from mild to profound. Mutation analysis of this gene is widely available as a genetic diagnostic test. OBJECTIVE: To assess a possible genotype-phenotype correlation for @entity3 . DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of audiometric data from @entity0 with @entity1 , segregating two @entity3 mutations. SUBJECTS: Two hundred and seventy seven unrelated @entity0 with @entity1 who were seen at the ENT departments of local and university hospitals from Italy, Belgium, Spain, and the United States, and who harboured bi-allelic @entity3 mutations. RESULTS: We found that @entity4 homozygotes have significantly more @entity1 , compared with @entity4 /non @entity8 compound heterozygotes. @entity0 with two non @entity8 mutations have even less @entity1 . We observed a similar gradient of @entity1 when we categorised mutations as inactivating (that is, stop mutations or frame shifts) or non-inactivating (that is, missense mutations). We demonstrated that certain mutation combinations (including the combination of @entity4 with the missense mutations @entity7 , @entity5 , or the splice-site mutation @entity9 , and the @entity5 / @entity5 genotype) are associated with significantly less @entity1 compared with @entity4 homozygous genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first large systematic analysis indicating that the @entity3 genotype has a major impact on the degree of @entity1 , and identifying mild genotypes. Furthermore, this study shows that it will be possible to refine this correlation and extend it to additional genotypes. These data will be useful in evaluating habilitation options for @entity0 with @entity3 related @entity2 .

title: A genotype-phenotype correlation for XXXX ( @entity3 ) @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Mutations in @entity3 are the most common cause of @entity6 , ranging from mild to profound. Mutation analysis of this gene is widely available as a genetic diagnostic test. OBJECTIVE: To assess a possible genotype-phenotype correlation for @entity3 . DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of audiometric data from @entity0 with @entity1 , segregating two @entity3 mutations. SUBJECTS: Two hundred and seventy seven unrelated @entity0 with @entity1 who were seen at the ENT departments of local and university hospitals from Italy, Belgium, Spain, and the United States, and who harboured bi-allelic @entity3 mutations. RESULTS: We found that @entity4 homozygotes have significantly more @entity1 , compared with @entity4 /non @entity8 compound heterozygotes. @entity0 with two non @entity8 mutations have even less @entity1 . We observed a similar gradient of @entity1 when we categorised mutations as inactivating (that is, stop mutations or frame shifts) or non-inactivating (that is, missense mutations). We demonstrated that certain mutation combinations (including the combination of @entity4 with the missense mutations @entity7 , @entity5 , or the splice-site mutation @entity9 , and the @entity5 / @entity5 genotype) are associated with significantly less @entity1 compared with @entity4 homozygous genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first large systematic analysis indicating that the @entity3 genotype has a major impact on the degree of @entity1 , and identifying mild genotypes. Furthermore, this study shows that it will be possible to refine this correlation and extend it to additional genotypes. These data will be useful in evaluating habilitation options for @entity0 with @entity3 related @entity2 .

title: A genotype-phenotype correlation for @entity3 ( XXXX ) @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Mutations in @entity3 are the most common cause of @entity6 , ranging from mild to profound. Mutation analysis of this gene is widely available as a genetic diagnostic test. OBJECTIVE: To assess a possible genotype-phenotype correlation for @entity3 . DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of audiometric data from @entity0 with @entity1 , segregating two @entity3 mutations. SUBJECTS: Two hundred and seventy seven unrelated @entity0 with @entity1 who were seen at the ENT departments of local and university hospitals from Italy, Belgium, Spain, and the United States, and who harboured bi-allelic @entity3 mutations. RESULTS: We found that @entity4 homozygotes have significantly more @entity1 , compared with @entity4 /non @entity8 compound heterozygotes. @entity0 with two non @entity8 mutations have even less @entity1 . We observed a similar gradient of @entity1 when we categorised mutations as inactivating (that is, stop mutations or frame shifts) or non-inactivating (that is, missense mutations). We demonstrated that certain mutation combinations (including the combination of @entity4 with the missense mutations @entity7 , @entity5 , or the splice-site mutation @entity9 , and the @entity5 / @entity5 genotype) are associated with significantly less @entity1 compared with @entity4 homozygous genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first large systematic analysis indicating that the @entity3 genotype has a major impact on the degree of @entity1 , and identifying mild genotypes. Furthermore, this study shows that it will be possible to refine this correlation and extend it to additional genotypes. These data will be useful in evaluating habilitation options for @entity0 with @entity3 related @entity2 .

title: A genotype-phenotype correlation for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 78-year-old @entity0 with complaints of @entity5 and @entity3 visited our hospital in November 2006. Positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) showed swollen lymph nodes in the abdominal para-aorta, @entity7 and neck, with intense FDG accumulation. The pathological findings of the cervical lymph nodes revealed @entity1 . We diagnosed extensive @entity2 ( @entity2 ), which occurred primarily in the left upper lobe. As subsequent CT revealed spontaneous shrinkage of the pulmonary nodule and swollen lymph nodes, the clinical course was monitored without anticancer therapy. In February 2007, progressive @entity4 of the lower extremities developed. In July he was admitted with @entity6 and required mechanical ventilation. Although we did not administer anticancer therapy due to his poor performance status, he survived for 30 months receiving mechanical ventilation, and the @entity1 continued to grow moderately. We diagnosed @entity8 ( @entity8 ) based on the clinical symptoms, the presence of anti-VGCC antibodies and waxing phenomenon on electromyography obtained in April 2009. Chemotherapy with @entity9 shrank the @entity1 , but his @entity4 did not improve. Previous reports showed that a prognosis of @entity2 with @entity8 was better than that without @entity8 . In this case, the @entity1 showed spontaneous regression without any anticancer therapy, and then increased moderately. The immune response was considered to have affected @entity1 growth.

title: [Long-term survival case of XXXX with @entity8 without anticancer therapy].

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 78-year-old @entity0 with complaints of @entity5 and @entity3 visited our hospital in November 2006. Positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) showed swollen lymph nodes in the abdominal para-aorta, @entity7 and neck, with intense FDG accumulation. The pathological findings of the cervical lymph nodes revealed @entity1 . We diagnosed extensive @entity2 ( @entity2 ), which occurred primarily in the left upper lobe. As subsequent CT revealed spontaneous shrinkage of the pulmonary nodule and swollen lymph nodes, the clinical course was monitored without anticancer therapy. In February 2007, progressive @entity4 of the lower extremities developed. In July he was admitted with @entity6 and required mechanical ventilation. Although we did not administer anticancer therapy due to his poor performance status, he survived for 30 months receiving mechanical ventilation, and the @entity1 continued to grow moderately. We diagnosed @entity8 ( @entity8 ) based on the clinical symptoms, the presence of anti-VGCC antibodies and waxing phenomenon on electromyography obtained in April 2009. Chemotherapy with @entity9 shrank the @entity1 , but his @entity4 did not improve. Previous reports showed that a prognosis of @entity2 with @entity8 was better than that without @entity8 . In this case, the @entity1 showed spontaneous regression without any anticancer therapy, and then increased moderately. The immune response was considered to have affected @entity1 growth.

title: [Long-term survival case of @entity2 with XXXX without anticancer therapy].

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic deroofing is the standard therapy for simple nonparasitic @entity1 . The operation is performed with or without a greater omentum flap sutured into the former cyst cavity. The aim of this study was to determine whether a greater omentum flap has influence on the recurrence rate of nonparasitic @entity1 during the long-term follow-up. METHODS: From September 1999 to November 2009, 23 @entity0 underwent laparoscopic deroofing for single or multiple nonparasitic symptomatic @entity1 . A greater omentum flap to fill the former cyst cavity was used in 8 @entity0 , whereas in 15 @entity0 operation was carried out without such an omentum flap. The @entity0 were identified retrospectively and subject to a follow-up examination. The 2 groups of @entity0 were compared according to the recurrence of the @entity1 . RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 59  40 months. There was an overall recurrence rate of 4.3% (1 of 23), with 1 cyst recurrence in the greater omentum flap group (1 of 8). The Fisher exact test showed no difference in the recurrence rate between the 2 groups (P=0.35). CONCLUSION: The overall recurrence rate is low. A greater omentum flap to prevent a local cyst recurrence after laparoscopic deroofing is dispensable and is a potential source of additional complications.

title: Laparoscopic deroofing of nonparasitic XXXX with or without greater omentum flap.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The introduction of new techniques has enabled more @entity0 with low @entity2 to undergo sphincter-saving resection (SSR). This policy, however, has provoked controversy concerning the adequacy of excision and fear of increased rates of recurrence compared with abdominoperineal resection (APER). We have therefore compared our results of SSR for low and @entity1 performed between 1978 and mid 1982 with those obtained with APER before this period. One hundred and fifty-nine @entity0 presented with @entity1 between 3 and 12 cm from the anal verge; 153 (96 per cent) underwent resection, of whom 46 (30 per cent) had disseminated disease. One hundred (68 per cent) underwent SSR, 33 (22 per cent) had an APER and 16 (10 per cent) had a local procedure. Operative mortality was 4 per cent following APER and 7 per cent after SSR (n.s.). @entity0 were followed for a mean of 4.6 years (range 2-6 years), only four (2.5 per cent) being lost to follow-up. The incidence of recurrence after radical SSR (n = 74) was compared with the historical control group which underwent radical APER, the two groups being matched for Dukes' stage and height of the lesion. After 2 years, local recurrence cumulative rates were 13.6 per cent after SSR and 18.8 per cent after APER. Distant recurrence rates were 14.5 and 20 per cent respectively. Ten @entity0 (13.5 per cent) died of their disease within 2 years of a radical SSR, 15 (15 per cent) after radical APER. Corrected 5-year survival and recurrence rates were similar. Thus, SSR does not appear to carry an increased risk of recurrent disease compared with APER after an equivalent follow-up period.

title: The outcome following sphincter-saving resection and abdominoperineal resection for low XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is frequently associated with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and its prevalence doubles in diabetics compared to the general population. This high prevalence is associated with increased stiffness of large arteries, which often precedes macrovascular events. The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of @entity1 on @entity7 in @entity0 with one disease or the other compared to those with both @entity1 . We studied 220 @entity0 , 50 with type II @entity1 (Group A), 50 with @entity2 (Group B), 85 with both diseases (Group C), and 35 healthy subjects (HS). Regional arterial stiffness was assessed by automatic measurement of the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( @entity3 ). For each @entity0 , we evaluated: age, sex, body mass index, smoking habit, heart rate, @entity8 / @entity9 , pulse pressure (PP), mean BP, fasting @entity4 , lipid profile, @entity5 , and @entity6 . Group C had significantly more @entity0 and non smokers and the highest PP (61+/-14 mmHg). Of biochemical parameters, only @entity6 was higher in Group A and in Group C (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). Group C had a significantly higher @entity3 than the other four groups (P<0.0001). Stepwise forward regression analysis showed that fasting @entity4 was the first independent determinant of @entity3 (P<0.0001). In conclusion, this study shows that @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 have higher arterial stiffness compared to HS and those with one disease or the other. Fasting @entity4 is the major independent determinant of @entity3 , which may be used as a relevant tool to assess the influence of cardiovascular risk factors on arterial stiffness in high-risk @entity0 .

title: Effects of coexisting XXXX and @entity1 on arterial stiffness.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is frequently associated with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and its prevalence doubles in diabetics compared to the general population. This high prevalence is associated with increased stiffness of large arteries, which often precedes macrovascular events. The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of @entity1 on @entity7 in @entity0 with one disease or the other compared to those with both @entity1 . We studied 220 @entity0 , 50 with type II @entity1 (Group A), 50 with @entity2 (Group B), 85 with both diseases (Group C), and 35 healthy subjects (HS). Regional arterial stiffness was assessed by automatic measurement of the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( @entity3 ). For each @entity0 , we evaluated: age, sex, body mass index, smoking habit, heart rate, @entity8 / @entity9 , pulse pressure (PP), mean BP, fasting @entity4 , lipid profile, @entity5 , and @entity6 . Group C had significantly more @entity0 and non smokers and the highest PP (61+/-14 mmHg). Of biochemical parameters, only @entity6 was higher in Group A and in Group C (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). Group C had a significantly higher @entity3 than the other four groups (P<0.0001). Stepwise forward regression analysis showed that fasting @entity4 was the first independent determinant of @entity3 (P<0.0001). In conclusion, this study shows that @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 have higher arterial stiffness compared to HS and those with one disease or the other. Fasting @entity4 is the major independent determinant of @entity3 , which may be used as a relevant tool to assess the influence of cardiovascular risk factors on arterial stiffness in high-risk @entity0 .

title: Effects of coexisting @entity2 and XXXX on arterial stiffness.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to validate the prevalence of low @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 @entity0 with @entity3 and to relate that to surgical treatment outcome. Despite reports of the high prevalence of low @entity1 among female with adolescent idiopathic, these findings have not been substantiated in any comprehensive review of @entity3 @entity0 undergoing surgical treatment. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: It has been suggested that @entity3 may predispose to @entity2 and that degenerative @entity3 could falsely elevate spinal @entity1 measurements with dual energy radiograph absorptiometry (DXA). The discordance between hip and spine @entity1 measurement using DXA has also been shown in previous cross-sectional study for adult population. METHODS: A retrospective review of 176 @entity0 treated surgically for @entity3 . @entity1 of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were determined by DXA. @entity0 were categorized as follows: concordance ( @entity2 , @entity4 , or normal @entity1 on both sites), minor discordance ( @entity2 in one site and @entity4 in the other site), and major discordance ( @entity2 in one site and normal the other site). Body mass index (BMI), preoperative Cobb angle, fusion ratio, and complication were recorded. Statistical analysis included the Student t test,   (2) test, regression coefficient test, and simple linear regression. P value was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age was 51    12 years (26-82 years). The mean T score of the hip was -1.23    0.89 and of the spine was -0.52    1.57. Major discordance in @entity1 7 (4%) points, minor discordance 68 (39%) points, and concordance was 101 (57%) points. There was moderate correlation between T score of hip and spine (R = 0.55P < 0.01). T score of the hip and of the spine showed 10.8% and 10.2% of the @entity0 were @entity5 . The mean Z score of the hip and of the spine showed comparable age and sex matched values. No correlation was observed between @entity1 and Cobb angle (R = 0.05, P = 0.464). The fusion rate was 93% and surgical complication rate was 14.9%. No significant correlation was observed between @entity1 and fusion (P = 0.80) complication (P = 0.13). CONCLUSION: Comparable bone density exists among @entity3 @entity0 with no correlation between @entity1 and curve magnitude, fusion and complication rates. The difference in @entity1 of the hip and of spine cannot be fully explained in the review. These results will guide in surgical planning, @entity0 selection on the treatment options.

title: Characterization of XXXX / @entity2 in @entity3 : does bone density affect surgical outcome?

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to validate the prevalence of low @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 @entity0 with @entity3 and to relate that to surgical treatment outcome. Despite reports of the high prevalence of low @entity1 among female with adolescent idiopathic, these findings have not been substantiated in any comprehensive review of @entity3 @entity0 undergoing surgical treatment. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: It has been suggested that @entity3 may predispose to @entity2 and that degenerative @entity3 could falsely elevate spinal @entity1 measurements with dual energy radiograph absorptiometry (DXA). The discordance between hip and spine @entity1 measurement using DXA has also been shown in previous cross-sectional study for adult population. METHODS: A retrospective review of 176 @entity0 treated surgically for @entity3 . @entity1 of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were determined by DXA. @entity0 were categorized as follows: concordance ( @entity2 , @entity4 , or normal @entity1 on both sites), minor discordance ( @entity2 in one site and @entity4 in the other site), and major discordance ( @entity2 in one site and normal the other site). Body mass index (BMI), preoperative Cobb angle, fusion ratio, and complication were recorded. Statistical analysis included the Student t test,   (2) test, regression coefficient test, and simple linear regression. P value was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age was 51    12 years (26-82 years). The mean T score of the hip was -1.23    0.89 and of the spine was -0.52    1.57. Major discordance in @entity1 7 (4%) points, minor discordance 68 (39%) points, and concordance was 101 (57%) points. There was moderate correlation between T score of hip and spine (R = 0.55P < 0.01). T score of the hip and of the spine showed 10.8% and 10.2% of the @entity0 were @entity5 . The mean Z score of the hip and of the spine showed comparable age and sex matched values. No correlation was observed between @entity1 and Cobb angle (R = 0.05, P = 0.464). The fusion rate was 93% and surgical complication rate was 14.9%. No significant correlation was observed between @entity1 and fusion (P = 0.80) complication (P = 0.13). CONCLUSION: Comparable bone density exists among @entity3 @entity0 with no correlation between @entity1 and curve magnitude, fusion and complication rates. The difference in @entity1 of the hip and of spine cannot be fully explained in the review. These results will guide in surgical planning, @entity0 selection on the treatment options.

title: Characterization of @entity4 / XXXX in @entity3 : does bone density affect surgical outcome?

answer: @entity2


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to validate the prevalence of low @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 @entity0 with @entity3 and to relate that to surgical treatment outcome. Despite reports of the high prevalence of low @entity1 among female with adolescent idiopathic, these findings have not been substantiated in any comprehensive review of @entity3 @entity0 undergoing surgical treatment. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: It has been suggested that @entity3 may predispose to @entity2 and that degenerative @entity3 could falsely elevate spinal @entity1 measurements with dual energy radiograph absorptiometry (DXA). The discordance between hip and spine @entity1 measurement using DXA has also been shown in previous cross-sectional study for adult population. METHODS: A retrospective review of 176 @entity0 treated surgically for @entity3 . @entity1 of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were determined by DXA. @entity0 were categorized as follows: concordance ( @entity2 , @entity4 , or normal @entity1 on both sites), minor discordance ( @entity2 in one site and @entity4 in the other site), and major discordance ( @entity2 in one site and normal the other site). Body mass index (BMI), preoperative Cobb angle, fusion ratio, and complication were recorded. Statistical analysis included the Student t test,   (2) test, regression coefficient test, and simple linear regression. P value was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age was 51    12 years (26-82 years). The mean T score of the hip was -1.23    0.89 and of the spine was -0.52    1.57. Major discordance in @entity1 7 (4%) points, minor discordance 68 (39%) points, and concordance was 101 (57%) points. There was moderate correlation between T score of hip and spine (R = 0.55P < 0.01). T score of the hip and of the spine showed 10.8% and 10.2% of the @entity0 were @entity5 . The mean Z score of the hip and of the spine showed comparable age and sex matched values. No correlation was observed between @entity1 and Cobb angle (R = 0.05, P = 0.464). The fusion rate was 93% and surgical complication rate was 14.9%. No significant correlation was observed between @entity1 and fusion (P = 0.80) complication (P = 0.13). CONCLUSION: Comparable bone density exists among @entity3 @entity0 with no correlation between @entity1 and curve magnitude, fusion and complication rates. The difference in @entity1 of the hip and of spine cannot be fully explained in the review. These results will guide in surgical planning, @entity0 selection on the treatment options.

title: Characterization of @entity4 / @entity2 in XXXX : does bone density affect surgical outcome?

answer: @entity3