abstract: OBJECTIVE: This retrospective study was designed to examine the acute and long-term outcomes after surgical treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1992 to 2006, 24 @entity0 (21 @entity0 , mean age 58.4 years) with @entity2 underwent pulmonary resection. Operative indications were massive or repetitive hemoptysis in 6 @entity0 , medically unmanageable localized infection in 14 @entity0 , and undetermined mass in 4 @entity0 . Eighteen @entity0 (75.0 %) had background @entity2 and four @entity0 (16.7 %) were mildly immunocompromised. Eight @entity0 had @entity4 , while sixteen @entity0 had @entity8 . Two @entity0 with @entity7 had their pleural spaces sterilized before pulmonary resections. Fungus balls and pulmonary cavities along with the surrounding lung were removed in all @entity0 . RESULTS: Surgical procedures consisted of 13 lobectomies, 5 pneumonectomies including one completion pneumonectomy, 2 segmentectomies and 4 wedge resections. @entity1 occurred in 10 @entity0 (41.6 %) and one @entity0 died from @entity3 due to postoperative @entity6 . Other major complications were prolonged air leaks, @entity3 , and chylothorax. In the follow-up period, all but one @entity0 were free from @entity5 . Hemoptysis was not seen in any @entity0 . Overall survival rates at 2, 5, and 10 years were 86.6 %, 79.4 % and 79.4 %, respectively. Disease-free survival rates from @entity5 were 86.6 %, 72.6 % and 72.6 % at 2, 5, and 10 years, respectively. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary resection for aspergilloma showed favorable acute and long-term outcomes when surgical treatment was applied in selected @entity0 .

title: Favorable acute and long-term outcomes after the resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) diets exert a @entity7 effect at constant levels of @entity3 intake, even though the effect may depend on the nature of the dietary protein. Lower urinary pH is also consistently observed for subjects consuming @entity6 diets. The combination of these two effects was suspected to be associated with a dietary environment favorable for demineralization of the skeleton. However, increased @entity3 excretion due to @entity6 diet does not seem to be linked to impaired @entity3 balance. In contrast, some data indicate that @entity6 intakes induce an increase of intestinal @entity3 absorption. Moreover, no clinical data support the hypothesis of a detrimental effect of @entity6 diet on bone health, except in a context of inadequate @entity3 supply. In addition, @entity6 promotes bone growth and retards @entity4 and low-protein diet is associated with higher risk of @entity2 . The increase of acid and @entity3 excretion due to @entity6 diet is also accused of constituting a favorable environment for @entity5 and @entity1 . However, in healthy subjects, no damaging effect of @entity6 diets on kidney has been found in either observational or interventional studies and it seems that @entity6 diets might be deleterious only in @entity0 with preexisting metabolic @entity1 . Thus, @entity6 diet does not seem to lead to @entity3 @entity4 , and the role of protein seems to be complex and probably dependent on other dietary factors and the presence of other nutrients in the diet.

title: Protein intake, XXXX balance and health consequences.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Prevalence of serum antibodies for the bacterium Brucella sp. in a tropical @entity0 population. Brucellosis is a systemic bacterial disease that can last years if not treated properly. The laboratory diagnosis is made by serological tests or isolation of the agent. We studied the prevalence of antibodies against Brucella sp. in inhabitants of rural communities of Cartago, Costa Rica, who are dedicated mainly to dairy @entity2 activities. We analyzed 714 representative samples with the Rose Bengal plate agglutination test (RBT) and the @entity3 (SAT). The overall prevalence was 0.87%. No seroconversion was demonstrated for seropositive individuals. Even though 71% of the population mentioned consuming non-pasteurized milk, no statistically significant association was found (1.09 %, IC 0.30-2.77) between milk consumption and the presence of antibodies suggestive of @entity1 by Brucella sp. As a @entity4 high-risk population, the absence of symptoms in the population agrees with the observed titers of antibodies, suggesting a low previous exposure to the agent.

title: [Prevalence of serum antibodies for the bacterium Brucella sp. in a tropical XXXX population].

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: Although the role of genetic polymorphisms of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene in several @entity2 has been documented, the association between polymorphisms of @entity7 gene and @entity1 remains unknown. METHOD: We recruited 744 @entity0 histologically diagnosed as @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and 832 controls in this study. Polymorphism analysis of @entity7 gene was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: The @entity4 / @entity4 genotype and @entity4 allele frequency of the @entity9 in @entity7 gene were significantly prevalent in @entity5 subjects than in controls (P  <  0.05). The odd ratio (OR) for @entity5 in @entity4 / @entity4 genotype carriers was 3.12 (95% CI: 2.25-4.56, P  =  0.0023, with @entity6 / @entity6 as reference). There were no significant differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of @entity8 and @entity10 in @entity7 gene between @entity5 cases and controls (All P  >  0.05). The @entity4 / @entity4 carriers had higher @entity2 grade and higher TNM stage. Kaplan-Mier curve showed the @entity4 / @entity4 carriers had a poor prognosis than those with @entity6 / @entity4 and @entity6 / @entity6 genotype carriers. Cox proportional hazards regression models showed the hazard ratio (HR) for @entity3 associated with @entity4 / @entity4 genotype was 3.43 (95% CI: 2.45-5.92, compared with @entity6 / @entity6 carriers, P  =  0.002). The other two SNPs of @entity7 gene did not show this trend in the evaluation of their role in determining the prognosis of @entity5 subjects. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the polymorphisms of @entity9 , rather than @entity8 and @entity10 , may be used as a molecular marker for progression and prognosis of @entity5 .

title: The role of @entity7 gene polymorphisms in determining the susceptibility and prognosis of XXXX in Chinese @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: Although the role of genetic polymorphisms of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene in several @entity2 has been documented, the association between polymorphisms of @entity7 gene and @entity1 remains unknown. METHOD: We recruited 744 @entity0 histologically diagnosed as @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and 832 controls in this study. Polymorphism analysis of @entity7 gene was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: The @entity4 / @entity4 genotype and @entity4 allele frequency of the @entity9 in @entity7 gene were significantly prevalent in @entity5 subjects than in controls (P  <  0.05). The odd ratio (OR) for @entity5 in @entity4 / @entity4 genotype carriers was 3.12 (95% CI: 2.25-4.56, P  =  0.0023, with @entity6 / @entity6 as reference). There were no significant differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of @entity8 and @entity10 in @entity7 gene between @entity5 cases and controls (All P  >  0.05). The @entity4 / @entity4 carriers had higher @entity2 grade and higher TNM stage. Kaplan-Mier curve showed the @entity4 / @entity4 carriers had a poor prognosis than those with @entity6 / @entity4 and @entity6 / @entity6 genotype carriers. Cox proportional hazards regression models showed the hazard ratio (HR) for @entity3 associated with @entity4 / @entity4 genotype was 3.43 (95% CI: 2.45-5.92, compared with @entity6 / @entity6 carriers, P  =  0.002). The other two SNPs of @entity7 gene did not show this trend in the evaluation of their role in determining the prognosis of @entity5 subjects. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the polymorphisms of @entity9 , rather than @entity8 and @entity10 , may be used as a molecular marker for progression and prognosis of @entity5 .

title: The role of XXXX gene polymorphisms in determining the susceptibility and prognosis of @entity5 in Chinese @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: AIM: Although the role of genetic polymorphisms of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene in several @entity2 has been documented, the association between polymorphisms of @entity7 gene and @entity1 remains unknown. METHOD: We recruited 744 @entity0 histologically diagnosed as @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and 832 controls in this study. Polymorphism analysis of @entity7 gene was performed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphisms. RESULTS: The @entity4 / @entity4 genotype and @entity4 allele frequency of the @entity9 in @entity7 gene were significantly prevalent in @entity5 subjects than in controls (P  <  0.05). The odd ratio (OR) for @entity5 in @entity4 / @entity4 genotype carriers was 3.12 (95% CI: 2.25-4.56, P  =  0.0023, with @entity6 / @entity6 as reference). There were no significant differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of @entity8 and @entity10 in @entity7 gene between @entity5 cases and controls (All P  >  0.05). The @entity4 / @entity4 carriers had higher @entity2 grade and higher TNM stage. Kaplan-Mier curve showed the @entity4 / @entity4 carriers had a poor prognosis than those with @entity6 / @entity4 and @entity6 / @entity6 genotype carriers. Cox proportional hazards regression models showed the hazard ratio (HR) for @entity3 associated with @entity4 / @entity4 genotype was 3.43 (95% CI: 2.45-5.92, compared with @entity6 / @entity6 carriers, P  =  0.002). The other two SNPs of @entity7 gene did not show this trend in the evaluation of their role in determining the prognosis of @entity5 subjects. CONCLUSION: The results suggest the polymorphisms of @entity9 , rather than @entity8 and @entity10 , may be used as a molecular marker for progression and prognosis of @entity5 .

title: The role of @entity7 gene polymorphisms in determining the susceptibility and prognosis of @entity5 in Chinese XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: This systematic review outlines current evidence regarding the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 and addresses practical implementation issues. METHODS: A search of electronic databases identified systematic reviews and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) evaluating the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques in the setting of @entity1 . An environmental scan was completed via the internet to identify practice guidelines and resource documents addressing organizational and implementation issues in the delivery of intraspinal analgesia. Elements reviewed included @entity0 selection, contraindications, monitoring, aftercare, follow-up, hospital discharge equipment, health personnel, @entity0 education, and safety. MAIN RESULTS: Three systematic reviews, three consensus conferences, and 12 @entity2 met the inclusion criteria for evidence of effectiveness. No single systematic review or consensus conference included all relevant @entity2 or specifically addressed the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 . Six @entity2 compared intraspinal techniques alone or combined with other interventions alone or in combination, four compared different intraspinal medications, and two compared different intraspinal techniques. In general, the evidence supported the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 management. The two main indications consistently identified were intractable @entity3 not controlled by other conventional medical routes and/or side effects from conventional @entity3 management strategies preventing dose escalation. Reports indicate intraspinal analgesia is equally or more effective than conventional medical management and often associated with fewer side effects. Thirteen resource documents addressed issues surrounding the delivery of intraspinal analgesia and program implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Intraspinal techniques monitored by an interprofessional health care team should be included as part of a comprehensive @entity1 management program.

title: Intraspinal techniques for XXXX management in @entity1 @entity0 : a systematic review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: This systematic review outlines current evidence regarding the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 and addresses practical implementation issues. METHODS: A search of electronic databases identified systematic reviews and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) evaluating the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques in the setting of @entity1 . An environmental scan was completed via the internet to identify practice guidelines and resource documents addressing organizational and implementation issues in the delivery of intraspinal analgesia. Elements reviewed included @entity0 selection, contraindications, monitoring, aftercare, follow-up, hospital discharge equipment, health personnel, @entity0 education, and safety. MAIN RESULTS: Three systematic reviews, three consensus conferences, and 12 @entity2 met the inclusion criteria for evidence of effectiveness. No single systematic review or consensus conference included all relevant @entity2 or specifically addressed the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 . Six @entity2 compared intraspinal techniques alone or combined with other interventions alone or in combination, four compared different intraspinal medications, and two compared different intraspinal techniques. In general, the evidence supported the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 management. The two main indications consistently identified were intractable @entity3 not controlled by other conventional medical routes and/or side effects from conventional @entity3 management strategies preventing dose escalation. Reports indicate intraspinal analgesia is equally or more effective than conventional medical management and often associated with fewer side effects. Thirteen resource documents addressed issues surrounding the delivery of intraspinal analgesia and program implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Intraspinal techniques monitored by an interprofessional health care team should be included as part of a comprehensive @entity1 management program.

title: Intraspinal techniques for @entity3 management in XXXX @entity0 : a systematic review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: This systematic review outlines current evidence regarding the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 and addresses practical implementation issues. METHODS: A search of electronic databases identified systematic reviews and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) evaluating the effectiveness of intraspinal techniques in the setting of @entity1 . An environmental scan was completed via the internet to identify practice guidelines and resource documents addressing organizational and implementation issues in the delivery of intraspinal analgesia. Elements reviewed included @entity0 selection, contraindications, monitoring, aftercare, follow-up, hospital discharge equipment, health personnel, @entity0 education, and safety. MAIN RESULTS: Three systematic reviews, three consensus conferences, and 12 @entity2 met the inclusion criteria for evidence of effectiveness. No single systematic review or consensus conference included all relevant @entity2 or specifically addressed the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 . Six @entity2 compared intraspinal techniques alone or combined with other interventions alone or in combination, four compared different intraspinal medications, and two compared different intraspinal techniques. In general, the evidence supported the use of intraspinal techniques for @entity1 management. The two main indications consistently identified were intractable @entity3 not controlled by other conventional medical routes and/or side effects from conventional @entity3 management strategies preventing dose escalation. Reports indicate intraspinal analgesia is equally or more effective than conventional medical management and often associated with fewer side effects. Thirteen resource documents addressed issues surrounding the delivery of intraspinal analgesia and program implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Intraspinal techniques monitored by an interprofessional health care team should be included as part of a comprehensive @entity1 management program.

title: Intraspinal techniques for @entity3 management in @entity1 XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Embolization of atherothrombotic material is common during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute @entity3 ( @entity3 ). This may lead to @entity2 resulting in @entity1 , which is associated with larger infarct size and increased mortality. Adjunctive devices for PCI to protect the microcirculation have been developed. We intend to determine whether aspiration of @entity4 material before stent implantation of the infarct-related coronary artery results in improved myocardial perfusion compared with conventional primary PCI. STUDY DESIGN: TAPAS is a single-center, prospective, randomized trial with a planned inclusion of 1080 @entity0 with @entity3 . @entity0 are assigned to treatment with @entity4 aspiration with the 6F Export Aspiration Catheter (Medtronic Corporation, Santa Rosa, @entity6 ) or to balloon angioplasty before stent implantation in the @entity5 . All @entity0 will be treated medically according to current international guidelines including glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors before PCI. Randomization will be performed before coronary angiography. The primary end point is angiographic myocardial blush grade of <2. Secondary end points are enzymatic infarct size, ST-segment elevation resolution and persistent ST-segment elevation, postprocedural distal embolization, and Major Adverse Cardiac Events at 30 days and 1 year. IMPLICATIONS: If @entity4 aspiration significantly improves myocardial perfusion, it will lend support to the use of this treatment as part of the standard approach in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute XXXX Study (TAPAS)--study design.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Observational data suggest that the diffuse inflammatory nature of @entity2 may be expressed by the presence of unstable coronary lesions in multiple vessels in @entity0 with @entity3 . The aim of our study was to investigate the existence of complex lesions in nonculprit vessels in @entity0 with ST-elevation @entity3 and to assess their clinical and functional significance. METHODS: We evaluated 974 non-infarct-related arteries (nIRAs) in 439 @entity0 presenting within 6 hours of acute ST-elevation @entity3 . Coronary angiograms and electrocardiograms (ECGs) were obtained 60 minutes after fibrinolysis and systematically analyzed in core angiographic and ECG laboratories. Complex lesions in nIRA were identified according to prior criteria, that is, stenosis > 50% with one of the following: overhanging edges, markedly irregular borders, @entity6 , or @entity5 . RESULTS: Complex lesions were identified in 85 (8.7%) of 974 nIRAs. Seventy-three (16.7%) of 439 @entity0 had at least 1 complex lesion in a nIRA, with 10 of the 73 @entity0 having > 1 nIRA affected. There were no differences in baseline total ST deviation on the qualifying ECG between @entity0 with or without nIRA complex lesions. TIMI 3 flow in nIRAs occurred less frequently in vessels with complex lesions (50.8% vs 81.5%, P < .001), a difference maintained when nIRAs with stenosis between 50% and 99% were analyzed (P < .006). @entity0 with nIRA complex lesions had a higher inhospital incidence of @entity4 (16.4% vs 6.3%, P = .007) and a trend toward more recurrent @entity1 (13.7% vs 7.4%, P = .102). CONCLUSION: These findings provide new evidence supportive of the concept that active coronary lesions occur simultaneously in > 1 vessel, while also attesting to their functional and clinical significance.

title: What is the frequency and functional and clinical significance of complex lesions in non-infarct-related arteries after fibrinolysis for acute ST-elevation XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Platelet-initiated acute @entity4 and coronary embolization are fundamental in the pathophysiology of complications during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Cangrelor (formerly @entity7 ) is a novel, rapidly acting, intravenous, specific antagonist of @entity6 via binding to the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) P2Y12 receptor subtype. The primary aims of this study were to assess the initial safety and pharmacodynamics of cangrelor in @entity0 undergoing PCI. METHODS: In part 1, @entity0 undergoing PCI were randomized to an 18- to 24-hour of either placebo, 1-, 2-, or 4-microg/kg per minute cangrelor in addition to aspirin and heparin beginning before PCI. In part 2, @entity0 were randomized to receive either cangrelor (4 microg/kg per minute) or abciximab before PCI. The primary end point was the composite incidence of major and @entity3 through 7 days. Secondary end points included the occurrence of major adverse coronary events ( @entity1 , MI, and unplanned repeat coronary intervention) through 30 days plus ex vivo @entity6 and @entity3 times. RESULTS: Two hundred @entity0 (3 dosage groups and placebo) were studied in part 1, and 199 additional @entity0 were then randomized in the second part, comparing 1 dose of cangrelor and abciximab. Combined major and @entity3 occurred in 13% of those receiving cangrelor and in 8% in those randomized to placebo (P = non significant [NS]) during part 1 and in 7% receiving cangrelor compared with 10% randomized to abciximab (P = NS), during part 2. The 30-day composite incidence of adverse @entity2 was similar between those receiving cangrelor and those receiving abciximab during part 2 (7.6% vs 5.3%, respectively, P = NS). Mean inhibition of ex vivo @entity6 in response to 3 micromol/L @entity5 at steady state was 100% for both cangrelor 4 microg/kg per minute and abciximab groups in part 2. After termination of infusion, @entity6 returned to baseline response more rapidly with cangrelor compared with abciximab. There was a trend toward longer @entity3 time prolongation and lower platelet count with abciximab compared with cangrelor. CONCLUSIONS: This initial experience with intravenous cangrelor during PCI suggests an acceptable risk of @entity3 and adverse @entity2 while achieving rapid, reversible @entity6 via competitive binding to the @entity5 P2Y12 platelet receptor with less prolongation of @entity3 time then the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist abciximab.

title: Initial experience with an intravenous P2Y12 platelet receptor antagonist in XXXX undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: results from a 2-part, phase II, multicenter, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity2 ) is associated with late-onset @entity1 . However, diagnostic criteria for individual components of @entity2 are based on categorical/arbitrary cut points and, therefore, do not exploit the information yield of each factor. We aimed to generate a diagnostic score for @entity2 ( @entity2 ), aimed at predicting @entity1 by giving appropriate weight to the individual components of @entity2 . METHODS: Of 11,323 @entity0 with prior @entity6 and followed up for 3.5 years in the GISSI-Prevenzione study, 3855 subjects with @entity1 at baseline or missing information for relevant variables were excluded. A Cox proportional hazards model including age, sex, glycemia, high-density lipoprotein @entity4 , @entity8 , @entity3 , and body mass index was fitted to create a diagnostic score. A cutoff point of 28 of the score was the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity for @entity2 diagnosis ( @entity2 ). The prognostic performance of the @entity2 was compared with that of the diagnostic criteria of @entity2 , as defined by National @entity4 Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III ( @entity2 - @entity7 ). RESULTS: Of 7468 @entity0 , 940 developed @entity1 . The risk of getting @entity1 significantly and progressively increased in the quintiles of the score reaching > 6-fold higher risk in the last one. The predictive capability of @entity2 was significantly higher than that of the @entity2 - @entity7 (AUC = 0.650 vs 0.587, sensitivity 67% vs 52%, specificity 63% vs 66%, P = .0002). The @entity2 , but not the @entity2 - @entity7 , was significantly associated with mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity2 improves the prediction of @entity1 development by using the full informative content of individual components for diagnosis of @entity2 .

title: A clinically practicable diagnostic score for @entity5 improves its predictivity of XXXX : the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione scoring.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity2 ) is associated with late-onset @entity1 . However, diagnostic criteria for individual components of @entity2 are based on categorical/arbitrary cut points and, therefore, do not exploit the information yield of each factor. We aimed to generate a diagnostic score for @entity2 ( @entity2 ), aimed at predicting @entity1 by giving appropriate weight to the individual components of @entity2 . METHODS: Of 11,323 @entity0 with prior @entity6 and followed up for 3.5 years in the GISSI-Prevenzione study, 3855 subjects with @entity1 at baseline or missing information for relevant variables were excluded. A Cox proportional hazards model including age, sex, glycemia, high-density lipoprotein @entity4 , @entity8 , @entity3 , and body mass index was fitted to create a diagnostic score. A cutoff point of 28 of the score was the best compromise between sensitivity and specificity for @entity2 diagnosis ( @entity2 ). The prognostic performance of the @entity2 was compared with that of the diagnostic criteria of @entity2 , as defined by National @entity4 Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III ( @entity2 - @entity7 ). RESULTS: Of 7468 @entity0 , 940 developed @entity1 . The risk of getting @entity1 significantly and progressively increased in the quintiles of the score reaching > 6-fold higher risk in the last one. The predictive capability of @entity2 was significantly higher than that of the @entity2 - @entity7 (AUC = 0.650 vs 0.587, sensitivity 67% vs 52%, specificity 63% vs 66%, P = .0002). The @entity2 , but not the @entity2 - @entity7 , was significantly associated with mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity2 improves the prediction of @entity1 development by using the full informative content of individual components for diagnosis of @entity2 .

title: A clinically practicable diagnostic score for XXXX improves its predictivity of @entity1 : the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione scoring.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is substantial evidence from clinical trials that lowering low-density lipoprotein @entity3 (LDL-C) reduces cardiovascular risk. There is less evidence for the salutatory effects of raising high-density lipoprotein @entity3 (HDL-C). The predictive strength of an initial HDL-C measurement and its change over time for major adverse coronary events is not well understood. METHODS: We identified a cohort of all 6928 @entity0 in an urban primary care practice who had two or more lipid measurements between January 1985 and December 1997. We used bivariable and multivariable (Cox proportional hazards) techniques to identify independent predictors of subsequent major adverse coronary events (hospitalization for @entity5 or @entity6 ) after the second set of lipid measurements. RESULTS: The time between first and second lipid measurements averaged 2.6 years. During a mean of 5.1 +/- 3.2 years of observation after their second lipid measurements, 2167 (31%) @entity0 had an acute coronary event. @entity0 having events were significantly older, more often white, male, and smokers and more often had antecedent @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity5 . Adjusting for covariates, a 10-mg/dL higher initial HDL-C was associated with an 11% (95% CI 7%-14%) lower risk of coronary events. A 10-mg/dL increase in HDL-C between lipid measurements was associated with a 7% (95% CI 3%-10%) lower risk of events. Neither initial or change in @entity7 nor LDL-C predicted subsequent coronary events. CONCLUSION: High-density lipoprotein @entity3 measurements and change in HDL-C predicted major adverse coronary events in this urban practice, which provides support studying interventions targeting HDL-C for cardiovascular risk reduction.

title: The independent correlation between high-density lipoprotein XXXX and subsequent major adverse coronary events.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Neurogenesis in the embryo involves many signaling pathways and transcriptional programs and an elaborate orchestration of cell cycle exit in differentiating precursors. However, while the neurons differentiate into a plethora of different subtypes and different identities, they also presume a highly polar structure with a particular morphology of the cytoskeleton, thereby making it almost impossible for any differentiated cell to re-enter the cell cycle. It has been observed that dysregulated or forced cell cycle reentry is closely linked to @entity1 and apoptosis in neurons, most likely through changes in the neurocytoskeleton. However, proliferative cells still exist within the nervous system, and adult neural stem cells (NSCs) have been identified in the Central Nervous System (CNS) in the past decade, raising a great stir in the neuroscience community. NSCs present a new therapeutic potential, and much effort has since gone into understanding the molecular mechanisms driving differentiation of specific neuronal lineages, such as dopaminergic neurons, for use in regenerative medicine, either through transplanted NSCs or manipulation of existing ones. Nevertheless, differentiation and proliferation are two sides of the same coin, just like tumorigenesis and degeneration. @entity0 formation may be regarded as a de-differentiation of tissues, where cell cycle mechanisms are reactivated in differentiated cell types. It is thus important to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying various @entity2 in this perspective. The recent Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) hypothesis also suggests the presence of @entity2 Initiating Cells (BTICs) within a @entity0 population, although the exact origin of these rare and mostly elusive BTICs are yet to be identified. This review attempts to investigate the correlation of neural stem cells/precursors, mature neurons, BTICs and @entity2 with respect to cell cycle regulation and the impact of cell cycle in @entity1 .

title: From birth till death: neurogenesis, cell cycle, and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To obtain recombinant @entity0 defensin alpha(HDalpha) and detect its biological activity, so as to facilitate further research. METHODS: The HDalpha gene fragment with @entity3 cleavage site was synthesized, and then cloned into pBV220- @entity2 vector to construct pBV220- @entity2 -HDalpha. The constructed vector which was confirmed to be correct by sequencing was transformed into @entity4 alpha and the @entity2 -HDalpha fusion protein was expressed under temperature induction. After fusion protein was cleaved to remove @entity2 by @entity3 , purification and renaturation was performed. HDalpha's characteristics were identified by @entity1 -PAGE and bioactivity detection. RESULTS: After temperature induction, the expressed fusion protein which accounted for about 20% of total bacterial protein existed mainly in the form of inclusion body. After cleaving by @entity3 , the purity of obtained HDalpha was about 99.8%. Bacteriostatic test and clone forming test showed that recombinant HDalpha could obviously inhibit the growth of bacteria. CONCLUSION: The recombinant expression plasmid for HDalpha gene has been constructed successfully and obtained engineering bacteria can stably express target protein. Furthermore, techniques of purification and renaturation was set out, which lays the foundation for further functional study and application of HDalpha.

title: [Fusion expression, purification and bioactivity detection of XXXX defensinalpha (HDalpha)].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Monogenic @entity12 are disorders of Mendelian inheritance that are characterized by mutations in genes that regulate innate immunity and whose typical features are systemic @entity1 without high-titer autoantibodies or antigen-specific T cells. Skin and @entity10 in the newborn period have been described in 3 of these autoinflammatory disorders: neonatal-onset multisystem @entity1 , @entity16 , and deficiency of @entity5 (DIRA) syndrome. This study was undertaken to present the characteristics of the @entity15 in 2 cases from Brazil, and describe a novel mutation in @entity5 . METHODS: Two unrelated Brazilian @entity0 were evaluated for the clinical signs and symptoms of these 3 disorders, and peripheral blood samples were assessed for mutations in @entity11 , @entity14 , and @entity5 by DNA resequencing analysis. A mutation in @entity5 that encodes a mutant protein was identified, and the expression and function of this mutant protein were compared to those of the wild-type protein. RESULTS: Both @entity0 presented with @entity8 resembling @entity7 , recurrent multifocal @entity9 , and elevation in the levels of acute-phase reactants, all of which are features most consistent with the @entity15 . @entity3 was observed in 1 of the @entity0 , and @entity2 was observed in the other @entity0 . Both @entity0 showed a partial response to corticosteroid therapy, and 1 @entity0 experienced an initial improvement of @entity8 with the use of @entity13 . Both @entity0 were homozygous for a novel 15-bp (in-frame) deletion on the @entity5 gene. The mutated protein expressed in vitro had no affinity with the IL-1 receptor, and stimulation of the @entity0 ' cells with recombinant @entity0 @entity4 or @entity6 led to oversecretion of proinflammatory cytokines, similar to the findings obtained in previously reported @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The presence of the same homozygous novel mutation in @entity5 in 2 unrelated Brazilian @entity0 suggests that this genetic variant may be a founder mutation that has been introduced in the Brazilian population.

title: A novel mutation of XXXX in the deficiency of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist syndrome: description of two unrelated cases from Brazil.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 (HU), an orally administered chemotherapy, has become the de facto standard chemotherapeutic agent in @entity0 with surgically and radiation refractory @entity4 based on a limited literature. A retrospective case series of 35 @entity0 with recurrent WHO Grade 2 (n = 22) or 3 (n = 13) @entity4 treated with HU following progression after surgery and radiotherapy was collated with primary study objectives of overall response rate, median and progression free survival (PFS) at 6-months. Thirty-five @entity0 (25 @entity0 ; 10 @entity0 : median age 63 years, range 34-86) with recurrent high-grade @entity4 were treated with HU (1,000 mg/m(2) orally divided twice per day; one cycle operationally defined as 4 weeks of daily HU). @entity0 had progressed radiographically after prior therapy with surgery (35/35) and radiotherapy (35/35: external beam radiotherapy 35/35; stereotactic radiotherapy 35/35). No @entity0 received prior chemotherapy or targeted therapy before instituting HU. @entity0 received 0.5-7 cycles (median 2.0) of HU with modest @entity1 (28.5% all grades and 8.5% grade 3+ @entity2 or @entity3 ). There were no radiographic responses, 43% of @entity0 had stable disease and 57% manifested progressive disease at first evaluation. The overall PFS was 3.0% at 6 months (median PFS 2.0 months; 95% CI 1.6-2.4). The majority of @entity0 (80%) following progression on HU were subsequently treated on an investigational trial. In this retrospective series, HU though well tolerated and convenient appeared to have very limited activity, raise questions of what constitutes effective salvage therapy and indicates an unmet need for alternative treatments for recurrent high-grade @entity4 .

title: @entity5 for recurrent surgery and radiation refractory high-grade XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity5 (HU), an orally administered chemotherapy, has become the de facto standard chemotherapeutic agent in @entity0 with surgically and radiation refractory @entity4 based on a limited literature. A retrospective case series of 35 @entity0 with recurrent WHO Grade 2 (n = 22) or 3 (n = 13) @entity4 treated with HU following progression after surgery and radiotherapy was collated with primary study objectives of overall response rate, median and progression free survival (PFS) at 6-months. Thirty-five @entity0 (25 @entity0 ; 10 @entity0 : median age 63 years, range 34-86) with recurrent high-grade @entity4 were treated with HU (1,000 mg/m(2) orally divided twice per day; one cycle operationally defined as 4 weeks of daily HU). @entity0 had progressed radiographically after prior therapy with surgery (35/35) and radiotherapy (35/35: external beam radiotherapy 35/35; stereotactic radiotherapy 35/35). No @entity0 received prior chemotherapy or targeted therapy before instituting HU. @entity0 received 0.5-7 cycles (median 2.0) of HU with modest @entity1 (28.5% all grades and 8.5% grade 3+ @entity2 or @entity3 ). There were no radiographic responses, 43% of @entity0 had stable disease and 57% manifested progressive disease at first evaluation. The overall PFS was 3.0% at 6 months (median PFS 2.0 months; 95% CI 1.6-2.4). The majority of @entity0 (80%) following progression on HU were subsequently treated on an investigational trial. In this retrospective series, HU though well tolerated and convenient appeared to have very limited activity, raise questions of what constitutes effective salvage therapy and indicates an unmet need for alternative treatments for recurrent high-grade @entity4 .

title: XXXX for recurrent surgery and radiation refractory high-grade @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: To establish the incidence of the axillary lymph node @entity2 in @entity0 and some anatomo-clinical correlations useful for surgical act orientation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The data from 450 @entity1 , who underwent surgery for @entity0 between 2000 and 2007, were analyzed statistically according to some parameters: the age of the @entity1 , the size and the location of the @entity3 , the hystopathological type, the elapsed time from the discovery of the @entity3 until surgery. RESULTS: The tumoral stage was: stage 0--1.1%, I--7.11%, II--50.67%, III--33.78%, IV--7.33%. From the total amount of @entity1 who underwent surgery, only 56.44% had axillary lymph node @entity2 . The @entity1 in the forth decade of life had more frequently axillary lymph node involvement, and also those from rural habitat (65.88%). The correlation between @entity3 dimension and lymph node involvement was: <2 cm--1.36%, 2-5 cm--48.71%, >5 cm--86.67%. The palpation of the armpit was associated in almost a quarter of cases with false negative or false positive diagnosis. There are a lot of locally advanced cases without axillary lymph node @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Axillary lymph node status is strongly correlated with the @entity3 dimension and the elapsed time between diagnosis and treatment. The numerous cases of axillary lymphadenectomy without lymph node @entity2 (43.55%), even in locally advanced cases, advocate for a wider application of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy, to avoid the pathology associated with those axillary dissections.

title: [Axillary lymph node @entity2 in XXXX . Anatomo-clinical correlation and surgical approach].

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To establish the incidence of the axillary lymph node @entity2 in @entity0 and some anatomo-clinical correlations useful for surgical act orientation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The data from 450 @entity1 , who underwent surgery for @entity0 between 2000 and 2007, were analyzed statistically according to some parameters: the age of the @entity1 , the size and the location of the @entity3 , the hystopathological type, the elapsed time from the discovery of the @entity3 until surgery. RESULTS: The tumoral stage was: stage 0--1.1%, I--7.11%, II--50.67%, III--33.78%, IV--7.33%. From the total amount of @entity1 who underwent surgery, only 56.44% had axillary lymph node @entity2 . The @entity1 in the forth decade of life had more frequently axillary lymph node involvement, and also those from rural habitat (65.88%). The correlation between @entity3 dimension and lymph node involvement was: <2 cm--1.36%, 2-5 cm--48.71%, >5 cm--86.67%. The palpation of the armpit was associated in almost a quarter of cases with false negative or false positive diagnosis. There are a lot of locally advanced cases without axillary lymph node @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Axillary lymph node status is strongly correlated with the @entity3 dimension and the elapsed time between diagnosis and treatment. The numerous cases of axillary lymphadenectomy without lymph node @entity2 (43.55%), even in locally advanced cases, advocate for a wider application of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy, to avoid the pathology associated with those axillary dissections.

title: [Axillary lymph node XXXX in @entity0 . Anatomo-clinical correlation and surgical approach].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is the fourth leading cause of @entity1 . METHODS: A prospective cohort study was undertaken between 2003 and 2011 at a tertiary care centre in Toronto, Canada. Two hundred and sixty-two subjects were enrolled based on an elevated estimated lifetime risk for @entity3 due to known genetic mutations and/or @entity1 family history. Subjects underwent annual magnetic resonance imaging, followed by additional investigations if abnormal findings were detected. Evidence of @entity1 or suspicious @entity4 prompted referral for surgical intervention. RESULTS: Average length of follow-up was 4.2 years, during which 84/262 (32%) subjects demonstrated @entity2 . Three @entity0 developed pancreatic adenocarcinoma (one 1.5-cm tumor was resected but recurred, while the other two subjects developed @entity1 ), and a fourth @entity0 developed a @entity3 that was resected. Fifteen subjects had radiologic evidence of branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous @entity1 , of which two underwent surgical resection. Sixty-five subjects had simple pancreatic cysts that have remained stable. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging can detect small @entity3 and @entity5 , but further improvement in sensitivity is needed. An understanding of the natural history of pre-invasive lesions in members of high-risk families is necessary for developing a more effective screening program.

title: Screening for XXXX in a high-risk cohort: an eight-year experience.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcomes of ischemic @entity4 for which distal arterial bypass grafting was considered as the first-line vascular procedure. @entity0 AND METHODS: Between November 2004 and November 2006, 19 lower limbs of 17 @entity1 @entity0 with lower limb critical @entity2 were operated in our department. The bypass grafts included five femoro-popliteal bypass grafts below knee and 14 distal bypass grafts. The 14 distal bypass grafts included; seven venous grafts on the dorsalis pedis artery, four femorotibial PTFE grafts and three femoroperoneal grafts. @entity5 was applied to the distal anastomosis site in three limbs. RESULTS: At the time of discharge, the graft patency rate was 93.75%. The mean follow up period was 24 months. The primary cumulative patency rate was 63% at 2 year. The corresponding secondary patency rate was 87%. Among six ischemic @entity3 , four @entity3 healed within 2 to 12 months (66.6%). At 24 months, the cumulative rate of limb salvage was 76% and that of survival was 74%. CONCLUSION: Distal arterial bypass in @entity1 improves blood circulation that accelerates foot @entity3 . It can also avoid amputation or lower its level, and thus improving the @entity0 's quality of life.

title: XXXX critical @entity2 of lower limbs: distal arterial revascularisation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the outcomes of ischemic @entity4 for which distal arterial bypass grafting was considered as the first-line vascular procedure. @entity0 AND METHODS: Between November 2004 and November 2006, 19 lower limbs of 17 @entity1 @entity0 with lower limb critical @entity2 were operated in our department. The bypass grafts included five femoro-popliteal bypass grafts below knee and 14 distal bypass grafts. The 14 distal bypass grafts included; seven venous grafts on the dorsalis pedis artery, four femorotibial PTFE grafts and three femoroperoneal grafts. @entity5 was applied to the distal anastomosis site in three limbs. RESULTS: At the time of discharge, the graft patency rate was 93.75%. The mean follow up period was 24 months. The primary cumulative patency rate was 63% at 2 year. The corresponding secondary patency rate was 87%. Among six ischemic @entity3 , four @entity3 healed within 2 to 12 months (66.6%). At 24 months, the cumulative rate of limb salvage was 76% and that of survival was 74%. CONCLUSION: Distal arterial bypass in @entity1 improves blood circulation that accelerates foot @entity3 . It can also avoid amputation or lower its level, and thus improving the @entity0 's quality of life.

title: @entity1 critical XXXX of lower limbs: distal arterial revascularisation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognostic significance of six epigenetic biomarkers ( @entity9 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity10 , @entity7 , and @entity8 promoter hypermethlation) in a homogeneous group of @entity4 @entity0 , following radical prostatectomy (RP). @entity0 AND METHODS: Biomarker analyses were performed retrospectively on @entity2 from 95 @entity4 @entity0 all with a Gleason score of 3   +   4   =   7 and a minimum follow-up period of 8 years. Using Quantitative Methylation Specific PCR (QMSP), we analyzed the promoter region of six genes in primary @entity4 tissues. Time to any progression was the primary endpoint and development of @entity4 was a secondary endpoint. The association of clinicopathological and biomolecular risk factors to recurrence was performed using the Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model for multivariate analysis. To identify independent prognostic factors, a stepwise selection method was used. RESULTS: At a median follow-up time of 10 years, 48 @entity0 (50.5%) had evidence of recurrence: Biochemical/PSA relapse, @entity1 , or @entity3 from @entity4 . In the final multivariate analysis for time to progression, the significant factors were: Older age, HR   =   0.95 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.0) (P   =   0.03), positive lymph nodes HR   =   2.11 (95% CI: 1.05, 4.26) (P   =   0.04), and decreased hypermethylation of @entity9 HR   =   0.45 (95% CI: 0.2, 1.0) (P   =   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Methylation status of @entity9 in the @entity4 specimen may predict for time to recurrence in Gleason 3   +   4   =   7 @entity0 undergoing prostatectomy. These results should be validated in a larger and unselected cohort.

title: XXXX promoter hypermethylation as a predictor of decreased risk of recurrence following radical prostatectomy.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Over recent years numerous @entity0 with severe forms of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) refractory to conventional therapies have been treated with intense immunosuppression followed by autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT). The clinical outcome and the @entity2 of AHSCT can be diverse, depending on the various types of conditioning protocols and on the disease phase. OBJECTIVES: To report the Italian experience on all the consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 treated with AHSCT with an intermediate intensity conditioning regimen, named BEAM/ATG, in the period from 1996 to 2008. METHODS: Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes of 74 @entity0 were collected after a median follow-up period of 48.3 (range = 0.8-126) months. RESULTS: Two @entity0 (2.7%) died from transplant-related causes. After 5 years, 66% of @entity0 remained stable or improved. Among @entity0 with a follow-up longer than 1 year, eight out of 25 subjects with a relapsing-remitting course (31%) had a 6-12 months confirmed Expanded Disability Status Scale improvement > 1 point after AHSCT as compared with one out of 36 (3%) @entity0 with a secondary progressive disease course (p = 0.009). Among the 18 cases with a follow-up longer than 7 years, eight (44%) remained stable or had a sustained improvement while 10 (56%), after an initial period of stabilization or improvement with median duration of 3.5 years, showed a slow disability progression. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that AHSCT with a BEAM/ATG conditioning regimen has a sustained effect in suppressing disease progression in aggressive @entity1 cases unresponsive to conventional therapies. It can also cause a sustained clinical improvement, especially if treated subjects are still in the relapsing-remitting phase of the disease.

title: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation with an intermediate intensity conditioning regimen in XXXX : the Italian multi-centre experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Aim of this research to study the effect of Citrullus colocynthis (70% @entity2 ) extract on lipid profile on @entity0 . The plant extract was orally administered to the atherogenic @entity0 (atherogenic diet + @entity1 powder supplement 400 mg/kg/body weight/day dissolved in 5 mL coconut oil) at dose of 1.2 g kg(-1) body weight/day. During the hall period of the experiment blood was collected and serum was analyzed for lipid profile. Animals were sacrificed; the heart and the liver were collected and kept at -20 degrees C until assayed. Biochemical analysis of blood serum and tissue (liver and heart muscle) level were made for @entity1 , Phospholipids and @entity3 . In addition blood serum was analyzed further for HDL- @entity1 . All the results were statistically analyzed using students t-test. Hypolipidaemic nature of Citrullus colocynthis (70% @entity2 ) extract was studied in hyperlipidaemic @entity0 . The increased @entity1 levels were brought to normal by administration of Citrullus colocynthis. Serum @entity1 levels dropped from 940.7 to 230.41 (75.55%) and further to 119.2 (87.32%) by the end of the experiment. Similarly, phospholipids and @entity3 levels were observed to be also reduced. The tissues lipids profiles of liver and heart muscle showed similar changes in those noticed in serum lipids. Citrullus colocynthis possesses active hypolipidaemic constituents.

title: Hypolipidaemic effects of Citrullus colocynthis L. in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Even though relationships within Annelida are poorly understood, Eunicida is one of only a few major annelid lineages well supported by morphology. The seven recognized eunicid families possess sclerotized jaws that include mandibles and a maxillary apparatus. The maxillary apparatuses vary in shape and number of elements, and three main types are recognized in extant taxa: ctenognath, labidognath, and prionognath. Ctenognath jaws are usually considered to represent the plesiomorphic state of Eunicida, whereas taxa with labidognath and prionognath are thought to form a derived monophyletic assemblage. However, this hypothesis has never been tested in a statistical framework even though it holds considerable importance for understanding annelid phylogeny and possibly lophotrochozoan evolution because Eunicida has the best annelid fossil record. Therefore, we used maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches to reconstruct Eunicida phylogeny using sequence data from nuclear 18S and 28S rDNA genes and mitochondrial 16S rDNA and @entity2 genes. Additionally, we conducted three different tests to investigate suitability of combining data sets. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and Shimodaira-Hasegawa (SH) test comparisons of resultant trees under different data partitions have been widely used previously but do not give a good indication as to which nodes may be causing the conflict. Thus, we developed a partition addition bootstrap alteration ( @entity3 ) approach that evaluates congruence or conflict for any given node by determining how bootstrap scores are altered when different data partitions are added. @entity3 shows the contribution of each partition to the phylogeny obtained in the combined analysis. Generally, the @entity1 test performed worse than the other approaches in detecting incongruence. Both @entity3 and the SH approach indicated the 28S and COI data sets add conflicting signal, but @entity3 is more informative for elucidating which data partition may be misleading at a given node. All our analyses indicate that the monophyly of the labidognath/prionognath taxa and even a labidognath clade (i.e., a "Eunicidae"/Onuphidae/Lumbrineridae clade) is significantly rejected. We show that the definition of both the labidognath and ctenognath jaw type does not address adequately the variation within Eunicida and thus misleads our current evolutionary understanding. Based on the presented results a symmetric maxillary apparatus with a carrier and four to six maxillae is most likely the @entity0 for Eunicida. [COI; conflicting data; fossil record; @entity1 ; Jaw Evolution; molecular phylogeny; rDNA; SH test.].

title: Phylogeny of Eunicida (Annelida) and exploring data congruence using a partition addition bootstrap alteration ( XXXX ) approach.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Reinforced feedback in virtual environment (RFVE) therapy is emerging as an innovative method in rehabilitation, which may be advantageous in the treatment of the affected arm after @entity1 . The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of assisted motor training in a virtual environment for the treatment of the upper extremity (UE) after @entity1 compared to traditional neuromotor rehabilitation (TNR), studying also if differences exist related to the type of @entity1 ( @entity3 or ischaemic). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty @entity0 affected by a @entity1 (48 ischaemic and 32 @entity3 ) that occurred at least 1 year before were enrolled. The clinical assessment comprising the Fugl-Meyer UE (F-M UE), modified Ashworth (Bohannon and Smith) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was administered before and after the treatment. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference between RFVE and TNR groups (Mann-Whitney U-test) was observed in the clinical outcomes of F-M UE and @entity2 (both p < 0.001), but not Ashworth (p = 0.053). The outcomes of F-M UE and @entity2 improved in the RFVE @entity3 group and in the TNR @entity3 group with a significant difference between groups (both p < 0.001), but not for Ashworth (p = 0.651). Comparing the RFVE ischaemic group to the TNR ischaemic group, statistically significant differences emerged in F-M UE (p < 0.001), @entity2 (p < 0.001), and Ashworth (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: The RFVE therapy in combination with TNR showed better improvements compared to the TNR treatment only. The RFVE therapy combined with the TNR treatment was more effective than the TNR double training, in both post-ischaemic and post- @entity3 groups. We observed improvements in both groups of @entity0 : post- @entity3 and post-ischaemic @entity1 after RFVE training.

title: The effectiveness of reinforced feedback in virtual environment in the first 12 months after XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To conduct an exploratory evaluation of the impact of the @entity1 Foundation's evidence-based Walk With Ease (WWE) program on work place activity limitations of adults with self-reported or doctor-diagnosed @entity1 . METHODS: WWE @entity0 who were self-identified as "employed" completed the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) at 6-week (postintervention; n = 94) and 1-year followup (n = 69). Paired t-tests were used to determine whether reduced work place limitations were reported at 6 weeks and maintained at 1-year followup. RESULTS: @entity0 were on average age 55 years, 88% @entity0 , and 61% white. The mean body mass index was 32 kg/m2 , and 81% had more than a high school education. Overall @entity2 scores improved significantly from a mean    SD of 6.7    3.99 at baseline to 5.5    4.20 at 6-week followup (P < 0.001, effect size 0.30). Improvements were maintained at 1-year followup, i.e., no change from 6-week followup (P = 0.87). Work place activities reported by @entity0 as "some" or "a lot" of difficulty at baseline, i.e., "crouch/bend/kneel/work in awkward positions," "stand for long periods," and "lift/carry/move objects," showed some of the highest improvements at 6 weeks. "Concentrate/keep your mind on the job" also improved significantly, although it was not rated as a substantial difficulty at baseline. CONCLUSION: Our study provides encouraging evidence that WWE, a brief, low-cost, and easy-to-do community-based walking program, may provide both immediate and sustained benefits for @entity0 with self-reported @entity1 who also report a range of work place limitations related to their @entity1 symptoms.

title: Effect of a six-week walking program on work place activity limitations among adults with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have previously reported (Bauer MK, Breier BH, Bloomfield FH, Jensen EC, Gluckman PD, and Harding JE. J Endocrinol 177: 83-92, 2003) that a chronic pulsatile infusion of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) ovine fetuses increased fetal circulating @entity2 levels without increasing fetal growth. We hypothesized a @entity0 -induced upregulation of fetal hepatic @entity6 ( @entity6 ) mRNA levels, secondary increases in @entity2 mRNA levels, and circulating @entity2 levels, but a downregulation of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR) as an explanation. We, therefore, measured mRNA levels of genes of the @entity3 by real-time RT-PCR in fetal and placental tissues of fetuses with @entity1 (induced by uteroplacental embolization from 110- to 116-days gestation) that received either a pulsatile infusion of @entity4 (total dose 3.5 mg/day) or vehicle from 117-126 days and in control fetuses (n = 5 per group). Tissues were collected at 127 days (term, 145 days). Fetal @entity0 concentrations were significantly increased in @entity1 fetuses. However, in liver, @entity6 , but not @entity2 or IGF-IR, mRNA levels were decreased in both @entity1 groups. In contrast, in placenta, @entity6 , @entity2 , and IGF-IR expression were increased in @entity1 vehicle-infused fetuses. @entity4 infusion further increased placental @entity6 and IGF-IR, but abolished the increase in @entity2 mRNA levels. @entity4 infusion reduced @entity2 expression in muscle and increased @entity4 -R but decreased IGF-IR expression in kidney. @entity1 increased hepatic @entity5 and placental @entity7 mRNA levels with no further effect of @entity4 infusion. In conclusion, the modest increases in circulating @entity0 concentrations in @entity1 fetuses did not increase hepatic @entity6 mRNA expression and, therefore, do not explain the increased circulating @entity2 levels that we found with @entity4 infusion, which are likely due to reduced clearance rather than increased production. We demonstrate tissue-specific regulation of the @entity3 in @entity1 fetuses and a discontinuity between @entity6 and @entity2 gene expression in @entity4 -infused fetuses that is not explained by alterations in phosphorylated @entity8 .

title: Effect of pulsatile XXXX administration to the growth-restricted fetal sheep on @entity3 gene expression in fetal and placental tissues.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We have previously reported (Bauer MK, Breier BH, Bloomfield FH, Jensen EC, Gluckman PD, and Harding JE. J Endocrinol 177: 83-92, 2003) that a chronic pulsatile infusion of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) ovine fetuses increased fetal circulating @entity2 levels without increasing fetal growth. We hypothesized a @entity0 -induced upregulation of fetal hepatic @entity6 ( @entity6 ) mRNA levels, secondary increases in @entity2 mRNA levels, and circulating @entity2 levels, but a downregulation of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR) as an explanation. We, therefore, measured mRNA levels of genes of the @entity3 by real-time RT-PCR in fetal and placental tissues of fetuses with @entity1 (induced by uteroplacental embolization from 110- to 116-days gestation) that received either a pulsatile infusion of @entity4 (total dose 3.5 mg/day) or vehicle from 117-126 days and in control fetuses (n = 5 per group). Tissues were collected at 127 days (term, 145 days). Fetal @entity0 concentrations were significantly increased in @entity1 fetuses. However, in liver, @entity6 , but not @entity2 or IGF-IR, mRNA levels were decreased in both @entity1 groups. In contrast, in placenta, @entity6 , @entity2 , and IGF-IR expression were increased in @entity1 vehicle-infused fetuses. @entity4 infusion further increased placental @entity6 and IGF-IR, but abolished the increase in @entity2 mRNA levels. @entity4 infusion reduced @entity2 expression in muscle and increased @entity4 -R but decreased IGF-IR expression in kidney. @entity1 increased hepatic @entity5 and placental @entity7 mRNA levels with no further effect of @entity4 infusion. In conclusion, the modest increases in circulating @entity0 concentrations in @entity1 fetuses did not increase hepatic @entity6 mRNA expression and, therefore, do not explain the increased circulating @entity2 levels that we found with @entity4 infusion, which are likely due to reduced clearance rather than increased production. We demonstrate tissue-specific regulation of the @entity3 in @entity1 fetuses and a discontinuity between @entity6 and @entity2 gene expression in @entity4 -infused fetuses that is not explained by alterations in phosphorylated @entity8 .

title: Effect of pulsatile @entity4 administration to the growth-restricted fetal sheep on XXXX gene expression in fetal and placental tissues.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The rehabilitation of older @entity0 is often complicated by increased frailty and medical complexity - these in turn present challenges for the development of health information systems. Objective investigation and comparison of the effectiveness of geriatric rehabilitation services requires information systems that are comprehensive, reliable, valid, and sensitive to clinically relevant changes in older @entity0 . The Functional Independence Measure is widely used in rehabilitation settings - in Canada this is used as the central component of the National Rehabilitation Reporting System of the Canadian Institute of Health Information. An alternative system has been developed by the interRAI consortium. We conducted a literature review to compare the development and measurement properties of these two systems. METHODS: English language literature published between 1983 (initial development of the @entity2 ) and 2008 was searched using Medline and CINAHL databases, and the reference lists of retrieved articles. Relevant articles were summarized and charted using the criteria proposed by Streiner. Additionally, attention was paid to the ability of the two systems to address issues particularly relevant to older rehabilitation clients, such as medical complexity, comorbidity, and responsiveness to small but clinically meaningful improvements. RESULTS: In total, 66 articles were found that met the inclusion criteria. The majority of @entity2 articles studied inpatient rehabilitation settings; while the majority of interRAI/ @entity1 articles focused on nursing home settings. There is evidence supporting the reliability of both instruments. There were few articles that investigated the construct validity of the interRAI/ @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Additional psychometric research is needed on both the @entity2 and @entity1 , especially with regard to their use in different settings and with different client groups.

title: Comparing the functional independence measure and the interRAI/ XXXX for use in the functional assessment of older adults: a review of the literature.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is the only treatment able to modify the natural history of allergic subjects. Several aspects of the immunopathological response modified by @entity6 ( @entity6 ), which is an alternative route of administration for @entity5 , have been investigated. A shift from Th2-polarized immune response toward @entity4 -oriented pattern has been reported after @entity6 . More recently, a crucial role for a subpopulation of T cells has been evidenced: T regulatory cells (Treg). @entity1 @entity0 have a defect of Tregs, and @entity6 should be able to induce a specific Treg response. This issue is very relevant as the Treg-dependent cytokines, namely @entity3 and TGF-beta, are involved in the regulation of IgG and IgA antibodies production. Recent evidence shows that @entity6 is also able of inducing a Treg response as detected by @entity3 production. @entity2 is a typical @entity4 -dependent cytokine. @entity6 may induce a significantly increased production of this cytokine and it may be considered as an early marker of @entity6 response. Therefore, also @entity6 is able of exerting the effects on immune response as well as the subcutaneous route.

title: Sublingual immunotherapy mechanisms of action: the role of XXXX response.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Respiratory symptoms caused by decorative flowers have seldom been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To describe a housewife who experienced episodes of @entity2 , @entity4 , and contact @entity1 in relation to @entity3 plant (Dracaena fragrans) in her home. METHODS: Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed with extract from the leaves of D. fragrans and a standard battery of aeroallergens. An air sampler was installed close to the plant in her house. We performed skin, conjunctival, and bronchial provocation tests with the extract of D. fragrans. Serum specific @entity5 was measured using enzyme allergosorbent testing. RESULTS: The @entity0 showed positive SPT reactions to the D. fragrans extract at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. Results of SPT with the extract prepared from the Air Sentinel filter were also positive. Skin provocation testing with the leaves of @entity3 plant on the @entity0 's forearm provoked dense wheal formation. The conjunctival provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. The peak expiratory flow rate varied by 20% to 40% on exposure days and by 5% to 10% on nonexposure days. The bronchial provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Specific @entity5 to D. fragrans extract was 15.1 kUA/L. CONCLUSIONS: These findings strongly suggest that an @entity5 -mediated immunologic mechanism is responsible for the @entity0 's respiratory and cutaneous symptoms in relation to @entity3 plant.

title: XXXX and @entity2 caused by @entity3 plant (Dracaena fragrans).

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Respiratory symptoms caused by decorative flowers have seldom been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To describe a housewife who experienced episodes of @entity2 , @entity4 , and contact @entity1 in relation to @entity3 plant (Dracaena fragrans) in her home. METHODS: Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed with extract from the leaves of D. fragrans and a standard battery of aeroallergens. An air sampler was installed close to the plant in her house. We performed skin, conjunctival, and bronchial provocation tests with the extract of D. fragrans. Serum specific @entity5 was measured using enzyme allergosorbent testing. RESULTS: The @entity0 showed positive SPT reactions to the D. fragrans extract at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. Results of SPT with the extract prepared from the Air Sentinel filter were also positive. Skin provocation testing with the leaves of @entity3 plant on the @entity0 's forearm provoked dense wheal formation. The conjunctival provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. The peak expiratory flow rate varied by 20% to 40% on exposure days and by 5% to 10% on nonexposure days. The bronchial provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Specific @entity5 to D. fragrans extract was 15.1 kUA/L. CONCLUSIONS: These findings strongly suggest that an @entity5 -mediated immunologic mechanism is responsible for the @entity0 's respiratory and cutaneous symptoms in relation to @entity3 plant.

title: @entity4 and @entity2 caused by XXXX plant (Dracaena fragrans).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Respiratory symptoms caused by decorative flowers have seldom been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To describe a housewife who experienced episodes of @entity2 , @entity4 , and contact @entity1 in relation to @entity3 plant (Dracaena fragrans) in her home. METHODS: Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed with extract from the leaves of D. fragrans and a standard battery of aeroallergens. An air sampler was installed close to the plant in her house. We performed skin, conjunctival, and bronchial provocation tests with the extract of D. fragrans. Serum specific @entity5 was measured using enzyme allergosorbent testing. RESULTS: The @entity0 showed positive SPT reactions to the D. fragrans extract at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. Results of SPT with the extract prepared from the Air Sentinel filter were also positive. Skin provocation testing with the leaves of @entity3 plant on the @entity0 's forearm provoked dense wheal formation. The conjunctival provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. The peak expiratory flow rate varied by 20% to 40% on exposure days and by 5% to 10% on nonexposure days. The bronchial provocation test response was positive to an antigen concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Specific @entity5 to D. fragrans extract was 15.1 kUA/L. CONCLUSIONS: These findings strongly suggest that an @entity5 -mediated immunologic mechanism is responsible for the @entity0 's respiratory and cutaneous symptoms in relation to @entity3 plant.

title: @entity4 and XXXX caused by @entity3 plant (Dracaena fragrans).

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Misplacement during percutaneous aortic valve implantation can be associated with severe complications. The direct flow medical (DFM) valve is repositionable and retrievable; however, the nonmetallic inflatable and conformable design of the valve results in less radial force, which may have an impact on stability and valve function over time. We, therefore, analyzed the midterm stability of the position, shape, and hemodynamic performance of the DFM percutaneous aortic valve. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen symptomatic high-risk for surgery @entity0 with @entity2 and a logistic EuroSCORE >20 underwent implantation and were the subject of this analysis. Clinical, echocardiographic, and dual-source multislice computed tomography data were obtained during 2-year follow-up. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 81% and 69%, respectively. The dual-source multislice computed tomography follow-up indicated no changes in position, diameter, and orifice area of the DFM valve over time. Echocardiography revealed a significant decrease of the mean gradient from baseline (50.1  11.3 mm Hg) to 30 days (19.6  5.7 mm Hg, P<0.001), which remained stable over 2 years. The aortic valve area increased from 0.57  0.15 cm(2) at baseline to 1.47  0.35 cm(2) at 30 days (P<0.001) and did not significantly change during 2-year follow-up. Of the @entity0 , 73% had no @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and 27% had minimal @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary series, the 2-year follow-up data of @entity0 , in whom the nonmetallic, repositionable, and retrievable DFM valve was successfully implanted, show stability of the position, shape, and hemodynamic performance, with no @entity1 in most @entity0 .

title: Midterm stability and hemodynamic performance of a transfemorally implantable nonmetallic, retrievable, and repositionable aortic valve in @entity0 with severe XXXX . Up to 2-year follow-up of the direct-flow medical valve: a pilot study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Misplacement during percutaneous aortic valve implantation can be associated with severe complications. The direct flow medical (DFM) valve is repositionable and retrievable; however, the nonmetallic inflatable and conformable design of the valve results in less radial force, which may have an impact on stability and valve function over time. We, therefore, analyzed the midterm stability of the position, shape, and hemodynamic performance of the DFM percutaneous aortic valve. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixteen symptomatic high-risk for surgery @entity0 with @entity2 and a logistic EuroSCORE >20 underwent implantation and were the subject of this analysis. Clinical, echocardiographic, and dual-source multislice computed tomography data were obtained during 2-year follow-up. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 81% and 69%, respectively. The dual-source multislice computed tomography follow-up indicated no changes in position, diameter, and orifice area of the DFM valve over time. Echocardiography revealed a significant decrease of the mean gradient from baseline (50.1  11.3 mm Hg) to 30 days (19.6  5.7 mm Hg, P<0.001), which remained stable over 2 years. The aortic valve area increased from 0.57  0.15 cm(2) at baseline to 1.47  0.35 cm(2) at 30 days (P<0.001) and did not significantly change during 2-year follow-up. Of the @entity0 , 73% had no @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and 27% had minimal @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In this preliminary series, the 2-year follow-up data of @entity0 , in whom the nonmetallic, repositionable, and retrievable DFM valve was successfully implanted, show stability of the position, shape, and hemodynamic performance, with no @entity1 in most @entity0 .

title: Midterm stability and hemodynamic performance of a transfemorally implantable nonmetallic, retrievable, and repositionable aortic valve in XXXX with severe @entity2 . Up to 2-year follow-up of the direct-flow medical valve: a pilot study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: In 1991, we started a clinical prospective trial for operable @entity3 , foreseeing organ preservation, to assess the treatment results after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for clinical Stage I (T1N0M0) @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Between 1992 and 2003, 63 @entity0 were enrolled in this study. @entity1 depth was @entity6 (T1a) in 23 and @entity1 (T1b) in 40. CRT consisted of 55-66 Gy/50-60 fractions (median, 59.4 Gy); from 1 to 3 cycles (median, 2) of concurrent chemotherapy ( @entity4 and @entity5 ), followed by high-dose-rate intraluminal brachytherapy 10-12 Gy/2-3 fractions. RESULTS: The 5-year overall and cause-specific and disease-free survival rates were 66.4%, 76.3%, and 63.7%, respectively. The 5-year cause-specific survival rates for T1a and T1b @entity1 @entity0 were 85.2% and 70.0%, respectively (p = 0.06). The 5-year disease-free survival rates for T1a and T1b were 84.4% and 50.5%, respectively (p < 0.01). Esophageal fistula as a late @entity2 occurred in 2 @entity0 (G4: 1; G5: 1), and esophageal stricture requiring a liquid diet occurred in 2 @entity0 . Pericardial effusion was observed in 3 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: We confirmed that @entity0 with T1N0M0 @entity3 had their esophagus preserved in 89.2% of cases after definitive CRT, and the survival rates were equivalent to those of previous reports of surgery.

title: Treatment results of chemoradiotherapy for clinical stage I (T1N0M0) XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: A 25-year-old @entity0 presented with right @entity4 and was admitted to the local hospital. CT scan revealed an @entity6 in the left motor cortex. He was treated conservatively, the @entity5 passed without increase and his right @entity4 improved gradually. The cause of @entity3 was examined at the local hospital without resolution. He came to our hospital for further examination. Angiography revealed @entity7 near the @entity5 . The @entity2 were fed by small branches of the @entity8 and drained into an abnormal cortical vein. Left parietal craniotomy was performed. A red dilated cortical vein existed under the thickened, cloudy arachnoid membrane. Retrograde observation of the red vein showed some small branches connected directly to the red vein at the central sulcus. There was no nidus. The color of the red vein changed to blue after disconnection of the @entity2 by electrocoagulation. The dilated cortical vein was resected. Postoperative angiography revealed the disappearance of the @entity2 . He was discharged without any new @entity1 . Intracranial @entity7 are rare cerebrovascular lesions. As symptomatic @entity0 managed conservatively have a poor prognosis, radical treatment should be undertaken as soon as possible.

title: [Case with intracranial XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: Bacterial two-component systems (TCSs) sense stimuli and transduce signals intracellularly through phosphotransfer between cognate @entity0 kinases (HKs) and response regulators (RRs) to alter gene expression or behavioral responses. Without high phosphotransfer specificity between cognate HKs and RRs, cross-phosphorylation or cross-talk between different TCSs may occur and diminish responses to appropriate stimuli. Some mechanisms to reduce cross-talk involve HKs controlling levels of cognate RR phosphorylation. Conceivably, some RRs may have evolved HK-independent strategies to insulate themselves from cross-talk with @entity3 ( @entity4 ) or other small phosphodonor metabolites. Initial steps in flagellar biosynthesis in @entity1 stimulate phosphotransfer from the FlgS HK to the FlgR RR to promote   (54)-dependent flagellar gene expression. We discovered that the FlgR C-terminal domain (CTD), which commonly functions as a DNA-binding domain in the NtrC RR family, is a specificity determinant to limit in vivo cross-talk from @entity4 . FlgR lacking the CTD (FlgR(/\CTD)) used FlgS or @entity4 as an in vivo phosphodonor and could be reprogrammed in /\flgS mutants to respond to cellular nutritional status via @entity4 levels. Even though exclusive @entity4 -mediated activation of FlgR(/\CTD) promoted @entity2 flagellar gene expression, proper flagellar biosynthesis was impaired. We propose that the FlgR CTD prevents phosphotransfer from @entity4 so that FlgR is solely responsive to FlgS to promote proper flagellar gene expression and flagellation. In addition to mechanisms limiting cross-talk between noncognate HKs and RRs, our work suggests that RRs can possess domains that prevent in vivo cross-talk between RRs and the endogenous metabolite @entity4 to ensure signaling specificity.

title: A specificity determinant for phosphorylation in a response regulator prevents in vivo cross-talk and modification by XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The study objective was to study the therapeutic effect of surgical treatment for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) originating from the caudate lobe. From 1995 to 2003, caudate lobe resection was carried out for 97 cases; among them 39 were for @entity2 , who were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 19 cases undergoing isolated caudatectomy, and group B consisted of 20 cases undergoing caudatectomy combined with other liver resections. The factors that might influence postoperative recovery were compared between the two groups. A special instrument, Peng's Multifunctional Operative Dissector, was used for surgical dissection. All @entity1 were resected successfully. One @entity0 died of @entity3 . @entity6 occurred in three @entity0 , @entity4 occurred in four @entity0 , and @entity5 occurred in one @entity0 . Thirty cases received long-term follow-up with survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years of 53%, 50%, and 39%, respectively. Caudate lobectomy is an effective therapeutic method for @entity2 originating in the caudate lobe. Isolated caudatectomy should be performed as the first choice whenever possible. Anterior transhepatic approach is appropriate in some cases. Peng's Multifunctional Operative Dissector is a very useful instrument for surgical dissection.

title: Surgical treatment of XXXX originating from caudate lobe--a report of 39 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The impact of climate change on @entity1 has been a concern in recent years. This study aims to project disability burdens of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) associated with increasing temperature in different climatic zones in China. Years Lost due to Disabilities (YLDs) were used as the measure of burden of @entity3 in this study. A temperate city in northern China and a subtropical city in southern China were selected as the study areas. The quantitative relationship between temperature and the number of cases in each city was base on the regression models developed in our previous studies. @entity2 in 2000 were used as the baseline data. Projection of @entity2 in 2020 and 2050 under future temperature scenarios were conducted. Demographic changes over the next 20 to 50 years in study cities were considered in the projections. Under the temperature scenarios alone, the @entity2 may increase by up to 80% by 2020 and 174% by 2050 in the temperate city and up to 75% increase in the YLDs by 2020 and a 147% increase by 2050 in the tropical city. Considering potential changes in both temperature and population size and structure, if other factors remain constant, compared with the YLDs observed in 2000, the @entity2 may double by 2020 and triple by 2050 in both the temperate and subtropical cities in China. The temperature-related health burden of @entity1 in China may greatly increase in the future if there is no effective intervention. Relevant public health strategies should be developed at an earlier stage to prevent and reduce the impact of @entity0 associated with climate change.

title: Projected Years Lost due to Disabilities (YLDs) for XXXX related to increased temperature in temperate and subtropical cities of China.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Acute splenic sequestrations (SSs) are potentially fatal complications in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Total splenectomies in young @entity0 may predispose them to a higher risk of overwhelming infections, whereas partial splenectomy may maintain immunocompetence. We present our series of partial splenectomies in @entity0 with multiple SS episodes. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 6 @entity0 who underwent open partial splenectomies for SS. Data on their clinical courses were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: None of the 6 @entity0 had SS postprocedure, down from 2.1 +/- 1.0 (P = .003) sequestrations per year and 3.5 +/- 1.4 (P = .002) total sequestrations per @entity0 . The transfusion requirements were significantly reduced postoperatively (10.2 +/- 5.6 vs 2.0 +/- 3.1 per year; P = .002). There was no increase in the infection-related hospital admissions during the period of follow-up (1.5 +/- 1.8 vs 0.8 +/- 0.8 per year after partial splenectomy; P = .363). The upper pole was preserved in all cases with blood supply off the main splenic artery. CONCLUSIONS: Partial splenectomy decreases the risk of SS in @entity1 and reduces the need for blood transfusions. Infection rates did not increase after the procedure during the follow-up period. Partial splenectomy should be considered for @entity0 who experience multiple acute SS crises or have long-term transfusion requirements.

title: Partial splenectomy prevents splenic sequestration crises in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity4 (sCD30), @entity2 and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family ( @entity6 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity0 with @entity3 associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity5 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity0 with @entity5 - @entity7 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity5 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity2 and @entity6 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity6 were higher in @entity0 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity2 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity5 -ANCA-positive @entity0 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity5 -ANCA-negative @entity0 . ANCA-positive @entity0 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity0 with @entity7 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble XXXX , @entity2 and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity3 associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity4 (sCD30), @entity2 and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family ( @entity6 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity0 with @entity3 associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity5 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity0 with @entity5 - @entity7 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity5 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity2 and @entity6 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity6 were higher in @entity0 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity2 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity5 -ANCA-positive @entity0 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity5 -ANCA-negative @entity0 . ANCA-positive @entity0 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity0 with @entity7 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity4 , XXXX and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity3 associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity4 (sCD30), @entity2 and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family ( @entity6 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity0 with @entity3 associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity5 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity0 with @entity5 - @entity7 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity5 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity2 and @entity6 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity6 were higher in @entity0 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity2 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity5 -ANCA-positive @entity0 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity5 -ANCA-negative @entity0 . ANCA-positive @entity0 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity0 with @entity7 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity4 , @entity2 and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity3 associated with XXXX -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity4 (sCD30), @entity2 and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family ( @entity6 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity0 with @entity3 associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity5 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity0 with @entity5 - @entity7 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity5 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity2 and @entity6 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity6 were higher in @entity0 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity2 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity5 -ANCA-positive @entity0 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity5 -ANCA-negative @entity0 . ANCA-positive @entity0 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity0 with @entity7 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity4 , @entity2 and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family during follow-up in XXXX associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether T cell activation, as reflected by levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), soluble @entity4 (sCD30), @entity2 and B cell activator of the @entity1 necrosis factor family ( @entity6 ) at diagnosis and during initial follow-up, is predictive for persistent or renewed antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity and clinical relapse in @entity0 with @entity3 associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( @entity5 -ANCA). METHODS: 87 @entity0 with @entity5 - @entity7 and at least 2 years of follow-up were included in the study. At diagnosis, and at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after diagnosis, cytoplasmic ANCA titres were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), and @entity5 -ANCA, sIL2R, sCD30, @entity2 and @entity6 levels were assessed by ELISA. 31 healthy volunteers provided plasma samples for comparison. Levels of immune markers were related to ANCA positivity and relapse during follow-up. RESULTS: Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity6 were higher in @entity0 than in controls at all time points. Plasma levels of sIL2R, sCD30 and @entity2 were higher at diagnosis and relapse than during remission. At 18 months, sCD30 (p<0.001) and sIL2R levels (p = 0.01) were significantly higher in @entity5 -ANCA-positive @entity0 (detected by ELISA) than in @entity5 -ANCA-negative @entity0 . ANCA-positive @entity0 detected by ELISA or IIF at 24 months had significantly higher plasma sCD30 levels (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively) than ANCA-negative @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Increased T cell activation in @entity0 with @entity7 in remission during and after immunosuppressive treatment is associated with persistent or renewed ANCA positivity.

title: Plasma levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor, soluble @entity4 , @entity2 and B cell activator of the XXXX necrosis factor family during follow-up in @entity3 associated with @entity5 -antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: associations with disease activity and relapse.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The publication of the 2009 American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons' (AAOS') guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis after joint replacement (arthroplasty) has renewed debate concerning appropriate prophylaxis for dental @entity0 . The authors examined an administrative data set to assess whether dental procedures were associated with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: Using data for the years 1997 through 2006 from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS), the authors identified @entity0 who had undergone total joint arthroplasty and those who had experienced a @entity2 . They explored associations between dental procedures and subsequent @entity1 by using time-to-event analyses (N = 1,000). A nested case-control study included case @entity0 who had had @entity1 (n = 42) and matched control @entity0 who had had total arthroplasty but had no @entity1 (n = 126). The authors calculated hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS: Control @entity0 ( @entity0 without @entity1 ) were more likely than were case @entity0 (those with @entity1 ) to have undergone an invasive dental procedure, though this trend was not statistically significant in either the time-to-event analysis (HR = 0.78; 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 0.18-3.39) or the case-control analysis (OR = 0.56; 95 percent CI, 0.18-1.74). Only four of 42 case @entity0 had undergone an invasive dental procedure in the 90 days before the infection occurred. Consideration of all dental procedures yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS: Dental procedures were not associated significantly with subsequent risk for @entity1 , although this study's power was somewhat low. The clinical importance of prophylactic antibiotics in dentistry for @entity0 who have undergone joint arthroplasty, therefore, may be questioned. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: These results support the view that the 2009 AAOS Information Statement on antibiotic prophylaxis for @entity0 with @entity3 should be reconsidered for @entity0 in that population who are receiving oral health care.

title: Dental procedures and subsequent XXXX : findings from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been no reports concerning the correlation between @entity1 and @entity5 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From January 2000 to December 2007, 201 @entity0 with @entity1 were hospitalized at our institution. We could perform coronary arteriography and @entity4 provocation tests in 37 (22 @entity0 , 67  11 years) out of 201 @entity0 with @entity1 before discharge. @entity2 was observed in 13 @entity0 (35%). After controlling @entity1 and 24h cessation of vasoactive drugs, pharmacological @entity4 provocation tests were performed. Positive @entity4 was defined as >90%. @entity5 was observed in 12 @entity0 (32%) and multiple @entity4 was recognized in 10 (83%) out of 12 @entity0 . Though ejection fraction on admission was not different between the two groups (42  18% vs. 43  11%, ns), left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimension after medical therapy over 1 year was significantly smaller in @entity0 with positive @entity4 than that in @entity0 with negative @entity4 . There was no difference concerning medications except the administration of @entity3 and @entity6 between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 , especially multiple @entity4 , may cause transient @entity1 in a small part of unknown origin @entity1 in Japan.

title: XXXX : multiple @entity4 may cause transient @entity1 ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There have been no reports concerning the correlation between @entity1 and @entity5 . METHODS AND RESULTS: From January 2000 to December 2007, 201 @entity0 with @entity1 were hospitalized at our institution. We could perform coronary arteriography and @entity4 provocation tests in 37 (22 @entity0 , 67  11 years) out of 201 @entity0 with @entity1 before discharge. @entity2 was observed in 13 @entity0 (35%). After controlling @entity1 and 24h cessation of vasoactive drugs, pharmacological @entity4 provocation tests were performed. Positive @entity4 was defined as >90%. @entity5 was observed in 12 @entity0 (32%) and multiple @entity4 was recognized in 10 (83%) out of 12 @entity0 . Though ejection fraction on admission was not different between the two groups (42  18% vs. 43  11%, ns), left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic dimension after medical therapy over 1 year was significantly smaller in @entity0 with positive @entity4 than that in @entity0 with negative @entity4 . There was no difference concerning medications except the administration of @entity3 and @entity6 between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 , especially multiple @entity4 , may cause transient @entity1 in a small part of unknown origin @entity1 in Japan.

title: @entity1 : multiple @entity4 may cause transient XXXX ?

answer: @entity1