abstract: BACKGROUND: Survey data suggest that Canadian intensivists administer @entity2 to @entity9 @entity0 primarily in response to @entity6 , perceived risk for @entity8 and @entity7 . OBJECTIVE: To describe variables independently associated with systemic @entity1 therapy during an @entity4 outbreak. METHODS: The present analysis was retrospective cohort study involving @entity9 @entity0 with @entity4 in two Canadian cities. Hospital records were reviewed for @entity9 @entity0 treated in the intensive care units (ICUs) of eight hospitals in Canada during the 2008 to 2009 and 2009 to 2010 @entity4 outbreaks. Abstracted data included demographic information, symptoms at disease onset, chronic comorbidities and baseline illness severity scores. Corticosteroid use data were extracted for every ICU day and expressed as @entity5 dose equivalent in mg. Multivariable regression models were constructed to identify variables independently associated with corticosteroid therapy in the ICU. RESULTS: The study cohort included 90 @entity0 with a mean (   SD) age of 55.0  17.3 years and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score of 19.8  8.3. @entity0 in 2009 to 2010 were younger with more severe @entity3 but similar exposure to @entity2 . Overall, 54% of @entity0 received @entity2 at a mean daily dose of 343  330 mg of @entity5 for 8.5  4.8 days. Variables independently associated with corticosteroid therapy in the ICU were history of @entity6 (OR 4.8 [95% CI 1.6 to 14.9]) and @entity7 (OR 4.6 [95% CI 1.2 to 17.8]). CONCLUSION: Observational data revealed that @entity7 and @entity6 were associated with corticosteroid therapy in the critical care setting, similar to a recent survey of stated practice. Efforts to determine the effects of @entity2 in the ICU for these specific clinical situations are warranted.

title: @entity1 therapy in XXXX due to seasonal and pandemic @entity4 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survey data suggest that Canadian intensivists administer @entity2 to @entity9 @entity0 primarily in response to @entity6 , perceived risk for @entity8 and @entity7 . OBJECTIVE: To describe variables independently associated with systemic @entity1 therapy during an @entity4 outbreak. METHODS: The present analysis was retrospective cohort study involving @entity9 @entity0 with @entity4 in two Canadian cities. Hospital records were reviewed for @entity9 @entity0 treated in the intensive care units (ICUs) of eight hospitals in Canada during the 2008 to 2009 and 2009 to 2010 @entity4 outbreaks. Abstracted data included demographic information, symptoms at disease onset, chronic comorbidities and baseline illness severity scores. Corticosteroid use data were extracted for every ICU day and expressed as @entity5 dose equivalent in mg. Multivariable regression models were constructed to identify variables independently associated with corticosteroid therapy in the ICU. RESULTS: The study cohort included 90 @entity0 with a mean (   SD) age of 55.0  17.3 years and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score of 19.8  8.3. @entity0 in 2009 to 2010 were younger with more severe @entity3 but similar exposure to @entity2 . Overall, 54% of @entity0 received @entity2 at a mean daily dose of 343  330 mg of @entity5 for 8.5  4.8 days. Variables independently associated with corticosteroid therapy in the ICU were history of @entity6 (OR 4.8 [95% CI 1.6 to 14.9]) and @entity7 (OR 4.6 [95% CI 1.2 to 17.8]). CONCLUSION: Observational data revealed that @entity7 and @entity6 were associated with corticosteroid therapy in the critical care setting, similar to a recent survey of stated practice. Efforts to determine the effects of @entity2 in the ICU for these specific clinical situations are warranted.

title: XXXX therapy in @entity9 due to seasonal and pandemic @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Survey data suggest that Canadian intensivists administer @entity2 to @entity9 @entity0 primarily in response to @entity6 , perceived risk for @entity8 and @entity7 . OBJECTIVE: To describe variables independently associated with systemic @entity1 therapy during an @entity4 outbreak. METHODS: The present analysis was retrospective cohort study involving @entity9 @entity0 with @entity4 in two Canadian cities. Hospital records were reviewed for @entity9 @entity0 treated in the intensive care units (ICUs) of eight hospitals in Canada during the 2008 to 2009 and 2009 to 2010 @entity4 outbreaks. Abstracted data included demographic information, symptoms at disease onset, chronic comorbidities and baseline illness severity scores. Corticosteroid use data were extracted for every ICU day and expressed as @entity5 dose equivalent in mg. Multivariable regression models were constructed to identify variables independently associated with corticosteroid therapy in the ICU. RESULTS: The study cohort included 90 @entity0 with a mean (   SD) age of 55.0  17.3 years and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score of 19.8  8.3. @entity0 in 2009 to 2010 were younger with more severe @entity3 but similar exposure to @entity2 . Overall, 54% of @entity0 received @entity2 at a mean daily dose of 343  330 mg of @entity5 for 8.5  4.8 days. Variables independently associated with corticosteroid therapy in the ICU were history of @entity6 (OR 4.8 [95% CI 1.6 to 14.9]) and @entity7 (OR 4.6 [95% CI 1.2 to 17.8]). CONCLUSION: Observational data revealed that @entity7 and @entity6 were associated with corticosteroid therapy in the critical care setting, similar to a recent survey of stated practice. Efforts to determine the effects of @entity2 in the ICU for these specific clinical situations are warranted.

title: @entity1 therapy in @entity9 due to seasonal and pandemic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Achievements in radiotherapy of @entity2 continue. During the past decade, bench marks have been established for certain early staged @entity1 . Technical advances have occurred in higher energy accelerators with the development of dual photon and medium-range electron machines. Imaging technology has augmented precision @entity1 localization and staging, and its marriage to computerized treatment planning is leading the way toward an optimization of delivered radiation dose to the @entity1 volume. Neutron therapy is finding a definite place in moderately advanced @entity2 , and its wider use awaits further developments in compact neutron generators. @entity3 combined with photon radiation is undergoing serious clinical trials, and this combination appears to be most promising. The search for radiation sensitizers to enhance @entity1 destruction and for radioprotectors for normal tissue continues. Progress in the latter appears encouraging. Burgeoning radiobiologic data have led the way to several dose fractionation schemes, and the most promising clinically appears to be hyperfractionation. Combinations of surgery and radiotherapy have improved cure rates in moderately advanced @entity1 , but a preference between preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy in specific sites is still controversial. The medical oncologist has become a valued member of the interdisciplinary team rather than remaining solely the recipient of failed radiotherapeutic and surgical @entity0 . There is a keener awareness of the difficulties and intricacies involved in the construction and evaluation of clinical trials and results.

title: Radiotherapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The environment within the spinal cord after injury, which changes in the progression from the acute to chronic stages, limits the extent of regeneration. The delivery of inductive factors to promote regeneration following spinal @entity0 has been promising, yet, few strategies are versatile to allow delivery during acute or chronic injury that would facilitate screening of candidate therapies. This report investigates the intrathecal delivery of lentiviruses for long-term expression of regenerative factors. Lentivirus-filled sponges were inserted into the intrathecal space surrounding the spinal cord, with transgene expression observed within multiple cell types that persists for 12weeks for both intact and injured spinal cord, without any apparent damage to the spinal cord tissue. Sponges loaded with lentivirus encoding for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were investigated for acute (delivered at 0weeks) and chronic (at 4weeks) injuries, and for multiple locations relative to the injury. In an acute model, sponges placed directly above the injury increased oligodendrocyte and decreased astrocyte presence. Sponges placed caudal to the injury had reduced impact on oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in the injury. In a chronic model, sponges increased oligodendrocyte and decreased astrocyte presence. Furthermore, the effect of @entity1 was shown to be mediated in part by reduction of @entity2 signaling, monitored with an @entity3 -sensitive reporter vector. The implantation of lentivirus-loaded biomaterials intrathecally provides the opportunity to induce the expression of a factor at a specified time without entering the spinal cord, and has the potential to promote gene delivery within the spinal cord, which can influence the extent of regeneration.

title: Sponge-mediated lentivirus delivery to acute and chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Amitriptyline, a frequently used tricyclic antidepressant agent, has powerful @entity4 effects especially in high doses. Serum and urine levels of amitriptyline dosages are not correlated with severity of @entity2 ; therefore, it increases the importance of electrocardiography (ECG) abnormalities. The prolongation of QTc can be a predictive marker for @entity4 . Hence, in this study, it is aimed to evaluate possible effects of metoprolol and diltiazem in amitriptyline @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity1 were separated into four groups. First one was control group, the second was the amitriptyline + saline group, third one was the amitriptyline + metoprolol group, and forth one was the amitriptyline + diltiazem group. ECG were recorded on @entity1 under anesthesia. RESULTS: In amitriptyline group, QTc duration was prolonged compared with all other groups. The prolongation of QTc was shorter in amitriptyline + metoprolol group and amitriptyline + diltiazem group than amitriptyline group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: According to the results, it is possible to report ameliorating effects of both metoprolol and diltiazem on @entity3 related with amitriptyline intoxication. With further studies, these agents may be used for amitriptyline @entity2 and besides, they may be used for @entity0 in cardiovascular risk groups who take amitriptyline treatment regularly.

title: The effects of diltiazem and metoprolol in XXXX due to amitriptyline intoxication.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSES: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively study @entity1 with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), a rare new entity that gathers ETAN-TR ( @entity1 with abundant @entity4 ), @entity3 , and @entity3 , in order to improve their descriptions and try to better define therapeutic modalities. METHODS: @entity0 with ETMR, ETAN-TR, @entity3 , and @entity3 treated in SFCE centres (Soci  t   Fran  aise de lutte contre les Cancers et les leuc  mies de l'Enfant et de l'adolescent) since 2000 were collected. Data were retrieved from clinical charts. RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity0 were included in the analysis. Seventeen had an ETAN-TR, 13 had a @entity3 , and 8 had an ETMR. No @entity3 was included. The median age at diagnosis was 31  months (range, 2.8-141  months). The predominant @entity1 location was supratentorial (66  %); 18.4  % @entity0 had metastatic lesion. @entity5 expression was positive in 11/11 @entity0 . Amplification of the locus 19q13.42 was positive in 10/12 @entity0 . Thirty @entity0 were treated according to the primitive @entity2 of high risk (PNET-HR) protocol. The median time of follow-up was 0.9  years (range 0.1 to 15.3  years). The 1-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were, respectively, 36  % CI 95  % (23-55) and 45  % CI 95  % (31-64). On multivariate analysis, complete surgical resection, radiotherapy, and high-dose chemotherapy were associated with a better overall survival with a relative risk of, respectively, 7.9 CI 95  % (2.6-23.5) p  <  0.0002, 41.8 CI 95  % (9.4-186) p  <  0.0001, and 3.5 CI 95  % (1.3-9.5) p  =  0.012. CONCLUSION: Prognosis of ETMR remains dismal despite multimodal therapy. @entity5 immunostaining and 19q13.42 amplification should be systematically done to secure the diagnosis. Complete surgical resection, radiotherapy, and high-dose chemotherapy are associated with better outcome.

title: XXXX with multilayered rosettes in @entity0 : the SFCE experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSES: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively study @entity1 with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), a rare new entity that gathers ETAN-TR ( @entity1 with abundant @entity4 ), @entity3 , and @entity3 , in order to improve their descriptions and try to better define therapeutic modalities. METHODS: @entity0 with ETMR, ETAN-TR, @entity3 , and @entity3 treated in SFCE centres (Soci  t   Fran  aise de lutte contre les Cancers et les leuc  mies de l'Enfant et de l'adolescent) since 2000 were collected. Data were retrieved from clinical charts. RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity0 were included in the analysis. Seventeen had an ETAN-TR, 13 had a @entity3 , and 8 had an ETMR. No @entity3 was included. The median age at diagnosis was 31  months (range, 2.8-141  months). The predominant @entity1 location was supratentorial (66  %); 18.4  % @entity0 had metastatic lesion. @entity5 expression was positive in 11/11 @entity0 . Amplification of the locus 19q13.42 was positive in 10/12 @entity0 . Thirty @entity0 were treated according to the primitive @entity2 of high risk (PNET-HR) protocol. The median time of follow-up was 0.9  years (range 0.1 to 15.3  years). The 1-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were, respectively, 36  % CI 95  % (23-55) and 45  % CI 95  % (31-64). On multivariate analysis, complete surgical resection, radiotherapy, and high-dose chemotherapy were associated with a better overall survival with a relative risk of, respectively, 7.9 CI 95  % (2.6-23.5) p  <  0.0002, 41.8 CI 95  % (9.4-186) p  <  0.0001, and 3.5 CI 95  % (1.3-9.5) p  =  0.012. CONCLUSION: Prognosis of ETMR remains dismal despite multimodal therapy. @entity5 immunostaining and 19q13.42 amplification should be systematically done to secure the diagnosis. Complete surgical resection, radiotherapy, and high-dose chemotherapy are associated with better outcome.

title: @entity1 with multilayered rosettes in XXXX : the SFCE experience.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the association of a mosaic enhancement pattern on contrast-enhanced CT or MR imaging and @entity3 ( @entity5 ) with acute inflammatory conditions affecting extrahepatic organs. METHODS: From 2007 to 2012, @entity0 with acute inflammatory diseases who underwent contrast-enhanced CT and/or MRI of the liver with a mosaic enhancement pattern were selected. Clinico-biological and other imaging features were collected at diagnosis and during follow-up. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity0 were included (15 @entity0 , median age 27  years; range 18-68). Five @entity0 (33  %) were receiving @entity12 . Acute inflammatory diseases included @entity10 (n   =   10), @entity7 (n   =   2), @entity2 (n   =   1), @entity4 (n   =   1), active @entity1 (n   =   1), and @entity8 (n   =   1). Median white blood cell count was 13,250 cells/ L (range 11,500-18,000 cells/ L) and CRP level 94  mg/L (range 60-121  mg/L). Mosaic enhancement pattern was present in the whole liver and was prominent in the subcapsular areas. Four @entity0 underwent liver biopsy confirming @entity5 . Eleven @entity0 underwent follow-up imaging showing normalized aspect in 9/11 @entity0 after a median of 2  months. CONCLUSION: @entity6 of extrahepatic organs, associated with a marked systemic inflammatory syndrome should be added to the list of conditions causing a reversible @entity3 as manifested by a mosaic enhancement pattern on contrast-enhanced CT or MR imaging. KEY POINTS:     Acute @entity11 /inflammatory diseases are a cause of transient @entity9 .     In most @entity0 , @entity9 was seen during both arterial and portal venous phase.     In all @entity0 , the mosaic enhancement pattern was diffuse, but more conspicuous in subcapsular areas.     @entity9 was no longer seen after resolution of the @entity6 .     No liver biopsy should be performed.

title: Acute XXXX or inflammatory diseases are a cause of transient mosaic pattern on CT and MR imaging related to @entity5 of the liver.

answer: @entity11


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the association of a mosaic enhancement pattern on contrast-enhanced CT or MR imaging and @entity3 ( @entity5 ) with acute inflammatory conditions affecting extrahepatic organs. METHODS: From 2007 to 2012, @entity0 with acute inflammatory diseases who underwent contrast-enhanced CT and/or MRI of the liver with a mosaic enhancement pattern were selected. Clinico-biological and other imaging features were collected at diagnosis and during follow-up. RESULTS: Sixteen @entity0 were included (15 @entity0 , median age 27  years; range 18-68). Five @entity0 (33  %) were receiving @entity12 . Acute inflammatory diseases included @entity10 (n   =   10), @entity7 (n   =   2), @entity2 (n   =   1), @entity4 (n   =   1), active @entity1 (n   =   1), and @entity8 (n   =   1). Median white blood cell count was 13,250 cells/ L (range 11,500-18,000 cells/ L) and CRP level 94  mg/L (range 60-121  mg/L). Mosaic enhancement pattern was present in the whole liver and was prominent in the subcapsular areas. Four @entity0 underwent liver biopsy confirming @entity5 . Eleven @entity0 underwent follow-up imaging showing normalized aspect in 9/11 @entity0 after a median of 2  months. CONCLUSION: @entity6 of extrahepatic organs, associated with a marked systemic inflammatory syndrome should be added to the list of conditions causing a reversible @entity3 as manifested by a mosaic enhancement pattern on contrast-enhanced CT or MR imaging. KEY POINTS:     Acute @entity11 /inflammatory diseases are a cause of transient @entity9 .     In most @entity0 , @entity9 was seen during both arterial and portal venous phase.     In all @entity0 , the mosaic enhancement pattern was diffuse, but more conspicuous in subcapsular areas.     @entity9 was no longer seen after resolution of the @entity6 .     No liver biopsy should be performed.

title: Acute @entity11 or inflammatory diseases are a cause of transient mosaic pattern on CT and MR imaging related to XXXX of the liver.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review childhood @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) who underwent surgery at Hospital Infantil Ni  o Jes  s of Madrid since January 1981 to September 2014. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Registered charts were analyzed based on the epidemiology, @entity1 grade, clinical profile, location, dissemination characteristics, therapy, prognosis and complications. RESULTS: Seventeen childhood @entity0 were recorded with @entity4 . Cases were distributed so that 9 cases were @entity3 ( @entity3 ) (52.9%), 2 cases atypical @entity3 (11.7%) and 6 cases @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (35.2%). Age at diagnosis was less than 2 years in 14 of the 17 @entity0 (82.3%) and the incidence was higher in males (82.3% of the cases). Gross total resection was performed in 16 @entity0 (94.1%). Adjuvant treatment was used in 6 @entity0 (all this cases with @entity5 ) (35.2%). Two of the 17 @entity0 died (11.7%), showing an incidence density of 0.01 @entity2 /year. CONCLUSIONS: Our case series is consistent with previous published in scientific literature regarding epidemiology, @entity1 grade, clinical presentation, radiological features and therapeutic approach. Gross total resection is considered the therapeutic gold standard for @entity4 . Chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be used as adjuvant treatment in @entity5 and recurrent or remaining atypical @entity3 .

title: [ XXXX treatment at Hospital Infantil Ni  o Jes  s in Madrid: Our experience over the last three decades.]

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the study was to find whether @entity0 carrying polymorphic allele of the @entity6 polymorphism from 9p21 locus have changed risk of @entity2 ( @entity3 , AF; sustained @entity4 or @entity5 , sVT/VF) during acute phase of @entity1 . Retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively from two independent centers was performed. The clinical data were pooled from two independent cardiac registries: (1) the Warsaw ACS genetic registry (STEMI and NSTEMI/UA @entity0 hospitalized in the years 2008-2011; only STEMI @entity0 were analyzed); (2) the Bialystok STEMI genetic registry (STEMI @entity0 hospitalized in years 2001-2005, who survived the first 48  h from hospital admission). Data regarding sVT/VF and AF within first 24  h were analyzed. The @entity0 were genotyped with @entity6 polymorphism. 1083 @entity0 were included in the analysis; 62 (5.7  %) @entity0 had sVT/VF during acute phase and 78 (7.2  %) @entity0 had AF, 46 (4.2  %) @entity0 had new-onset AF. Minor allele frequency in all @entity0 with AF was significantly different from those without AF (0.40 vs 0.51, p  =  0.0096). When only new-onset AF was analyzed, the trend was the same, with significant protective effect in recessive model [OR 0.41 (95  % CI 0.17-0.97), p  =  0.025]. The effect was independent of age and GRACE score. No relationship was found between sVT/VF and @entity6 . @entity0 with STEMI, who survived until hospitalization with polymorphic allele of 9p21 @entity6 SNP have less AF during acute phase of STEMI. SNP @entity6 is not linked with sVT/VF in acute phase of STEMI.

title: The 9p21 polymorphism is linked with XXXX during acute phase of ST-segment elevation @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the study was to find whether @entity0 carrying polymorphic allele of the @entity6 polymorphism from 9p21 locus have changed risk of @entity2 ( @entity3 , AF; sustained @entity4 or @entity5 , sVT/VF) during acute phase of @entity1 . Retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively from two independent centers was performed. The clinical data were pooled from two independent cardiac registries: (1) the Warsaw ACS genetic registry (STEMI and NSTEMI/UA @entity0 hospitalized in the years 2008-2011; only STEMI @entity0 were analyzed); (2) the Bialystok STEMI genetic registry (STEMI @entity0 hospitalized in years 2001-2005, who survived the first 48  h from hospital admission). Data regarding sVT/VF and AF within first 24  h were analyzed. The @entity0 were genotyped with @entity6 polymorphism. 1083 @entity0 were included in the analysis; 62 (5.7  %) @entity0 had sVT/VF during acute phase and 78 (7.2  %) @entity0 had AF, 46 (4.2  %) @entity0 had new-onset AF. Minor allele frequency in all @entity0 with AF was significantly different from those without AF (0.40 vs 0.51, p  =  0.0096). When only new-onset AF was analyzed, the trend was the same, with significant protective effect in recessive model [OR 0.41 (95  % CI 0.17-0.97), p  =  0.025]. The effect was independent of age and GRACE score. No relationship was found between sVT/VF and @entity6 . @entity0 with STEMI, who survived until hospitalization with polymorphic allele of 9p21 @entity6 SNP have less AF during acute phase of STEMI. SNP @entity6 is not linked with sVT/VF in acute phase of STEMI.

title: The 9p21 polymorphism is linked with @entity3 during acute phase of ST-segment elevation XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) are used widely in @entity2 screening. Programs use the same fecal hemoglobin threshold for colonoscopy referral for @entity0 and @entity0 , but it is unclear whether FIT performs equally in both sexes. We therefore assessed FIT performance in @entity0 and @entity0 . METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed, in which a total of 10,008 average-risk subjects (age, 50-74 y) were invited for first-round screening and 8316 average-risk subjects (age, 51-74 y) were invited for second-round screening with a single FIT. Subjects with a hemoglobin (Hb) level of 10  g hemoglobin (Hb)/g (or >= 50 ng/mL) feces or higher were referred for colonoscopy. The test characteristics were assessed by sex for a range of FIT cut-off values. RESULTS: In total, 59.8% of @entity0 and 64.6% of @entity0 participated in the first round (P < .001). At a cut-off level of 10  g Hb/g, the positivity rate was significantly higher among @entity0 (10.7%) compared with @entity0 (6.3%; P < .001) in the first round. The detection rate of advanced @entity1 was 4.4% for @entity0 and 2.2% for @entity0 (P < .001) in the first round. The positive predictive value for advanced @entity1 in the first round was 42% for @entity0 and 37% for @entity0 (P  = .265). A significantly higher false-positive rate in @entity0 (6.3%) than in @entity0 (4.1%; P < .001) was found. Similar differences in these test characteristics were seen in the second round. CONCLUSIONS: At a cut-off level of 10  g Hb/g the FIT positivity rate was higher in @entity0 , reflected by both a higher detection rate and a higher false-positive rate. The use of the same cut-off value in @entity0 and @entity0 in FIT screening is recommended based on equal test performance in terms of positive predictive value.

title: Gender Differences in Fecal Immunochemical Test Performance for Early Detection of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous descriptions of the clinical features of @entity0 occurred before the widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed a more definitive diagnosis of @entity3 . The objective of this study was to compare the clinical features of @entity4 with lesions of the podotrochlear apparatus with those with other causes of @entity3 . It was hypothesised that @entity1 would be associated with more advanced radiological findings than other diagnoses. A retrospective study was performed of all @entity4 examined at a referral centre with a definitive diagnosis of @entity3 based on MRI        post-mortem examination. Clinical examination findings, response to diagnostic analgesia and radiological grading of the navicular bone were compared among five diagnosis groups: (1) primary @entity1 ( @entity1 ); (2) lesions of the collateral sesamoidean ligament and/or distal sesamoidean impar ligament (CSL   +   DSIL); (3) primary @entity5 ( @entity5 ); (4) @entity1 and other lesions of the podotrochlear apparatus        @entity5 (PTA) and (5) Other. There were 702 @entity4 ( @entity1 , 62; CSL   +   DSIL, 180; @entity5 , 69; PTA, 92; Other, 299). @entity4 with PTA injuries were more frequently unilaterally lame than other groups (P   =   0.04). @entity4 with @entity2 were more likely to exhibit @entity3 on turning than other groups (P   <0.01). There were no associations between response to diagnostic analgesia and diagnostic group, and no association between radiological grade and diagnostic group. Clinical examination findings generally did not discriminate between diseases of the PTA and other causes of @entity3 . Overall radiological scores of the navicular bone did not accurately predict @entity1 .

title: Is there an association between clinical features, response to diagnostic analgesia and radiological findings in @entity4 with a magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of XXXX or other injuries of the podotrochlear apparatus?

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previous descriptions of the clinical features of @entity0 occurred before the widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allowed a more definitive diagnosis of @entity3 . The objective of this study was to compare the clinical features of @entity4 with lesions of the podotrochlear apparatus with those with other causes of @entity3 . It was hypothesised that @entity1 would be associated with more advanced radiological findings than other diagnoses. A retrospective study was performed of all @entity4 examined at a referral centre with a definitive diagnosis of @entity3 based on MRI        post-mortem examination. Clinical examination findings, response to diagnostic analgesia and radiological grading of the navicular bone were compared among five diagnosis groups: (1) primary @entity1 ( @entity1 ); (2) lesions of the collateral sesamoidean ligament and/or distal sesamoidean impar ligament (CSL   +   DSIL); (3) primary @entity5 ( @entity5 ); (4) @entity1 and other lesions of the podotrochlear apparatus        @entity5 (PTA) and (5) Other. There were 702 @entity4 ( @entity1 , 62; CSL   +   DSIL, 180; @entity5 , 69; PTA, 92; Other, 299). @entity4 with PTA injuries were more frequently unilaterally lame than other groups (P   =   0.04). @entity4 with @entity2 were more likely to exhibit @entity3 on turning than other groups (P   <0.01). There were no associations between response to diagnostic analgesia and diagnostic group, and no association between radiological grade and diagnostic group. Clinical examination findings generally did not discriminate between diseases of the PTA and other causes of @entity3 . Overall radiological scores of the navicular bone did not accurately predict @entity1 .

title: Is there an association between clinical features, response to diagnostic analgesia and radiological findings in XXXX with a magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of @entity0 or other injuries of the podotrochlear apparatus?

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Management of @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity12 secondary to occlusion or @entity10 of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) or right common carotid artery (RCCA) is a significant challenge. The aim of this study is to present our institutional strategy and postoperative results for this high-risk @entity0 cohort. METHODS: Between November 2005 and July 2013, 23 of 354 consecutively operated @entity9 @entity0 [median age: 66.3; interquartile range (IQR): 55.2-69.9] suffered from @entity12 due to bilateral (n = 1) or unilateral occlusion of the LCCA/RCCA (n = 22). @entity9 repair comprised hemi- (n = 14) or total (n = 9) arch replacement in combination with aortic valve repair (n = 7) or replacement (n = 11), root replacement (n = 15) and coronary bypass (n = 3). Extra-anatomic aorto-carotid bypass was performed in all @entity0 . Aorto-carotid bypass was performed at the beginning of the procedure to allow for unilateral selective cerebral perfusion (n = 17; 73.9%) or during the procedure if persisting malperfusion was suspected by near-infrared spectroscopy (n = 6; 26.1%). RESULTS: The median follow-up was 15.2 months (IQR: 4.8-34.1) and 100% complete. Median hospital stay and ICU stay were 16.0 (IQR: 12.5-26.0) and 13.7 (IQR: 2.0-16.5) days, respectively. Rethoracotomy for @entity8 or @entity13 was performed in 6 (26.1%) @entity0 . Other @entity5 comprised low cardiac output with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n = 2; 8.7%), @entity6 (n = 4; 17.4%), @entity11 (n = 10; 43.5%), @entity4 with temporary dialysis (n = 7; 30.4%) and visceral malperfusion (n = 2; 8.7%) requiring stent grafting (n = 1) or laparotomy with intestinal resection (n = 1). @entity3 with or without permanent @entity14 was diagnosed in 8 (34.8%) @entity0 . @entity2 were seen in 9 (39.1%) individuals. Hospital and 1-year mortality rates were 13.0 and 30.4%, respectively. Overall survival after 36 months of the 23 @entity0 (Group I = Extra-anatomic bypass) versus the remaining 331 @entity9 @entity0 without @entity7 (Group II = no extra-anatomic bypass) was 69.6% (n = 16) in Group I vs 72.5% (n = 240) in Group II (P = 0.90). CONCLUSION: Extra-anatomic bypass for LCCA or @entity7 allows for early selective cerebral perfusion during @entity9 repair, and may reduce the risk of @entity1 in @entity0 with preoperative @entity12 .

title: Extra-anatomic revascularization for preoperative @entity12 due to distal carotid artery occlusion in XXXX   .

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Management of @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity12 secondary to occlusion or @entity10 of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) or right common carotid artery (RCCA) is a significant challenge. The aim of this study is to present our institutional strategy and postoperative results for this high-risk @entity0 cohort. METHODS: Between November 2005 and July 2013, 23 of 354 consecutively operated @entity9 @entity0 [median age: 66.3; interquartile range (IQR): 55.2-69.9] suffered from @entity12 due to bilateral (n = 1) or unilateral occlusion of the LCCA/RCCA (n = 22). @entity9 repair comprised hemi- (n = 14) or total (n = 9) arch replacement in combination with aortic valve repair (n = 7) or replacement (n = 11), root replacement (n = 15) and coronary bypass (n = 3). Extra-anatomic aorto-carotid bypass was performed in all @entity0 . Aorto-carotid bypass was performed at the beginning of the procedure to allow for unilateral selective cerebral perfusion (n = 17; 73.9%) or during the procedure if persisting malperfusion was suspected by near-infrared spectroscopy (n = 6; 26.1%). RESULTS: The median follow-up was 15.2 months (IQR: 4.8-34.1) and 100% complete. Median hospital stay and ICU stay were 16.0 (IQR: 12.5-26.0) and 13.7 (IQR: 2.0-16.5) days, respectively. Rethoracotomy for @entity8 or @entity13 was performed in 6 (26.1%) @entity0 . Other @entity5 comprised low cardiac output with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n = 2; 8.7%), @entity6 (n = 4; 17.4%), @entity11 (n = 10; 43.5%), @entity4 with temporary dialysis (n = 7; 30.4%) and visceral malperfusion (n = 2; 8.7%) requiring stent grafting (n = 1) or laparotomy with intestinal resection (n = 1). @entity3 with or without permanent @entity14 was diagnosed in 8 (34.8%) @entity0 . @entity2 were seen in 9 (39.1%) individuals. Hospital and 1-year mortality rates were 13.0 and 30.4%, respectively. Overall survival after 36 months of the 23 @entity0 (Group I = Extra-anatomic bypass) versus the remaining 331 @entity9 @entity0 without @entity7 (Group II = no extra-anatomic bypass) was 69.6% (n = 16) in Group I vs 72.5% (n = 240) in Group II (P = 0.90). CONCLUSION: Extra-anatomic bypass for LCCA or @entity7 allows for early selective cerebral perfusion during @entity9 repair, and may reduce the risk of @entity1 in @entity0 with preoperative @entity12 .

title: Extra-anatomic revascularization for preoperative XXXX due to distal carotid artery occlusion in @entity9   .

answer: @entity12


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The introduction of Duke's criteria and the improvement of imaging methods has lead to an earlier and a more accurate diagnosis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The options for the best therapeutic approach and the timing of surgery are still a matter of debate and require a close colaboration between the cardiologist, the infectionist and the cardiac surgeon. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective, descriptive study, spanning over a period of five years (from January 1st, 2007 to December 31st, 2012), on 100 @entity0 who underwent surgery for native @entity4 in our unit. RESULTS: The @entity0 ' age varied between 13 and 77 years (with a mean of 54 years), of which 85 were males (85%). The main microorganisms responsible for @entity1 were: Streptococcus @entity5 . (21 cases - 21%), Staphylococcus @entity5 . (15 cases - 15%), and Enterococcus @entity5 . (9 cases - 9%). The potential source of @entity2 was identified in 26 @entity0 (26%), with most cases being in the dental area (16 cases - 16%). The lesions caused by @entity1 were situated in the left heart in 96 @entity0 (96%), mostly on the aortic valve (50 cases - 50%). In most cases (82%) we found preexisting endocardial lesions which predisposed to the development of @entity1 , most of them being @entity4 (38 cases - 38%). We performed the following surgical procedures: surgery on a single valve - aortic valve replacement (40 cases), mitral valve replacement (19 cases), @entity3 (1 case), surgery on more than one valve - mitral and aortic valve replacement (20 cases), aortic and tricuspid valve replacement (1 case), aortic valve replacement with a mechanical valve associated with @entity3 (5 cases), aortic valve replacement with a biological valve associated with @entity3 (2 cases), and mitral valve replacement with a mechanical valve combined with De Vega procedure on the tricuspid valve (1 case). In 5 @entity0 (5%) the bacteriological examination of valve pieces excised during surgery was positive. In 3 cases it matched the germ identified in the hemocultures, and in 2 cases it evidenced another bacterium. CONCLUSION: The overall mortality of 5% is well between the limits presented in literature, being higher (30%) in @entity0 who required emergency surgery. For the @entity0 who return into our clinic with @entity4 , the mortality after surgery was even higher (50%).

title: Surgical outcomes in native XXXX : the experience of the Cardiovascular Surgery Department - Cluj-Napoca Heart Institute.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 constitutes a major health issue in developing countries, representing the leading cause of @entity2 . Quantitative assessment by sophisticated diagnostic techniques is becoming increasingly important. Hence, a histochemical staining procedure and morphometric evaluation are used to obtain optimal information on the cellular events. The objective of present study is to assess the variation in cellular area, nuclear area, cellular diameter, nuclear diameter and nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio respectively in normal subjects, smokeless @entity3 users, (smokers, combination and @entity4 @entity0 . METHODS: Total 125 number of subjects were divided into five groups, each comprising 25 subjects of more than 40 years of age. These groups were: a. Normal, b. smokeless @entity3 users, c. smokers d. combination and e. @entity4 . Oral smears were obtained, stained with Feulgen stain and the cells were measured cytomorphometrically using Nikon imaging software. RESULTS: Our study showed a significant reduction in the cellular diameter, cellular area and increase in the nuclear diameter, nuclear area and nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio in @entity4 @entity0 as compared to @entity3 users and normal @entity0 . Significant changes were found in group I, II, III and IV when compared with group V but as such no significant intergroup variation was found in cellular and nuclear dimensions in smokers, smokeless @entity3 users, combination and control group. CONCLUSION: Quantitative parameters could be assessed by cytomorphometry. Cytomorphological changes in exfoliated squames could serve as a useful adjunct in the early diagnosis of @entity4 .

title: Distinct perturbations of XXXX @entity0 : A quantitative cytomorphometric analysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 constitutes a major health issue in developing countries, representing the leading cause of @entity2 . Quantitative assessment by sophisticated diagnostic techniques is becoming increasingly important. Hence, a histochemical staining procedure and morphometric evaluation are used to obtain optimal information on the cellular events. The objective of present study is to assess the variation in cellular area, nuclear area, cellular diameter, nuclear diameter and nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio respectively in normal subjects, smokeless @entity3 users, (smokers, combination and @entity4 @entity0 . METHODS: Total 125 number of subjects were divided into five groups, each comprising 25 subjects of more than 40 years of age. These groups were: a. Normal, b. smokeless @entity3 users, c. smokers d. combination and e. @entity4 . Oral smears were obtained, stained with Feulgen stain and the cells were measured cytomorphometrically using Nikon imaging software. RESULTS: Our study showed a significant reduction in the cellular diameter, cellular area and increase in the nuclear diameter, nuclear area and nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio in @entity4 @entity0 as compared to @entity3 users and normal @entity0 . Significant changes were found in group I, II, III and IV when compared with group V but as such no significant intergroup variation was found in cellular and nuclear dimensions in smokers, smokeless @entity3 users, combination and control group. CONCLUSION: Quantitative parameters could be assessed by cytomorphometry. Cytomorphological changes in exfoliated squames could serve as a useful adjunct in the early diagnosis of @entity4 .

title: Distinct perturbations of @entity4 XXXX : A quantitative cytomorphometric analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM OF STUDY: To compare retrospectively the endoscopic treatment of @entity4 by retrograde pancreatic drainage (ERPD), cystogastrostomy (ECG) or cystoduodenostomy ( @entity5 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: Between 1987 and 1995 @entity4 were successfully treated endoscopically in 30 @entity0 (13 @entity0 , 17 @entity0 ; mean age 49 [18-89] years): ERPD was accomplished through papillary insertion of 5-7 F prostheses into the cysts or pancreatic duct in 9 @entity0 ; ECG achieved drainage of cysts in the body or tail of the pancreas in 15 @entity0 , and @entity5 for cysts in the head of the pancreas in three. Combined ERPD and ECG was necessary in three @entity0 . RESULTS: Significant @entity1 relief was achieved in all @entity0 , accompanied by increased appetite and weight. @entity2 or dislocation of the prosthesis required renewed endoscopic drainage in three @entity0 . The prostheses were removed, 2-12 months after implantation, when @entity1 relief had occurred and clinical as well as radiological findings had become normal. Recurrence 10-22 months after removal of the drain was observed in four @entity0 , of whom two had a successful second drainage procedure. Surgical intervention became necessary in three @entity0 because of inadequate drainage or (one case) @entity3 . CONCLUSION: These data indicate that endoscopic drainage of @entity4 gives good results with a low complication rate and no deaths. The procedure is thus an alternative to the at present prevailing operative treatment.

title: [Endoscopic drainage of XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We previously discovered mediastinal fat-associated lymphoid clusters (MFALCs) as novel lymphoid clusters (LCs) associated with mediastinal fat tissue (MFT) in healthy @entity0 . However, no data about their morphology in immune-associated disease conditions, and their relationship with @entity2 , is available to date. In the present study, we compared the morphological features of MFALCs in 4-month-old male @entity0 @entity3 (MRL/MpJ-lpr @entity0 and BXSB/MpJ-Yaa @entity0 ) with those of the corresponding control strains (MRL/MpJ and BXSB/MpJ, respectively). In addition, we analyzed their correlation with @entity2 . Furthermore, immunohistochemistry for @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity8 , @entity7 , and @entity4 was performed to detect T- and B-cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and proliferating cells, respectively. The spleen/body weight ratios and anti-dsDNA autoantibody titers were found to be significantly higher in the autoimmune models than in the control strains. Furthermore, the autoimmune model presented prominent MFALCs, with a significantly greater ratio of LC area to total MFT area, and more apparent diffused cellular infiltration into the lung lobes than the other studied strains. Higher numbers of T- and B-cells, macrophages, and proliferating cells, but fewer granulocytes, were observed in the autoimmune models than in the control strains. Interestingly, a significant positive Pearson's correlation between the size of the MFALCs and the density of @entity5 -, @entity6 -, and @entity8 -positive cells in the lung was observed. Therefore, our data suggest a potentially important role for MFALCs in the progression of @entity2 . However, further investigation is required to clarify the pathological role of @entity2 , especially in @entity1 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Comparative analysis of mediastinal fat-associated lymphoid cluster development and lung cellular infiltration in @entity0 XXXX and the corresponding normal control strains.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We previously discovered mediastinal fat-associated lymphoid clusters (MFALCs) as novel lymphoid clusters (LCs) associated with mediastinal fat tissue (MFT) in healthy @entity0 . However, no data about their morphology in immune-associated disease conditions, and their relationship with @entity2 , is available to date. In the present study, we compared the morphological features of MFALCs in 4-month-old male @entity0 @entity3 (MRL/MpJ-lpr @entity0 and BXSB/MpJ-Yaa @entity0 ) with those of the corresponding control strains (MRL/MpJ and BXSB/MpJ, respectively). In addition, we analyzed their correlation with @entity2 . Furthermore, immunohistochemistry for @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity8 , @entity7 , and @entity4 was performed to detect T- and B-cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and proliferating cells, respectively. The spleen/body weight ratios and anti-dsDNA autoantibody titers were found to be significantly higher in the autoimmune models than in the control strains. Furthermore, the autoimmune model presented prominent MFALCs, with a significantly greater ratio of LC area to total MFT area, and more apparent diffused cellular infiltration into the lung lobes than the other studied strains. Higher numbers of T- and B-cells, macrophages, and proliferating cells, but fewer granulocytes, were observed in the autoimmune models than in the control strains. Interestingly, a significant positive Pearson's correlation between the size of the MFALCs and the density of @entity5 -, @entity6 -, and @entity8 -positive cells in the lung was observed. Therefore, our data suggest a potentially important role for MFALCs in the progression of @entity2 . However, further investigation is required to clarify the pathological role of @entity2 , especially in @entity1 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Comparative analysis of mediastinal fat-associated lymphoid cluster development and lung cellular infiltration in XXXX @entity3 and the corresponding normal control strains.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Nucleotide-binding domain and @entity7 -rich repeat (NLR) proteins are a diverse family of pattern recognition receptors that are essential mediators of @entity4 and host defense in the gastrointestinal system. Recent studies have identified a subgroup of inflammasome forming NLRs that modulate the mucosal immune response during @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity10 associated @entity5 . To better elucidate the contribution of NLR family members in @entity3 and @entity1 , we conducted a retrospective analysis of gene expression metadata from @entity0 @entity0 . These data revealed that @entity12 , an inflammasome forming NLR, was significantly dysregulated in @entity3 and @entity9 . To better characterize the function of @entity12 in disease pathogenesis, we used @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 in @entity10 and @entity10 -associated @entity1 models. In this paper, we report that @entity12 attenuates @entity6 and @entity5 . @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 demonstrated significant increases in morbidity, @entity4 , and @entity5 compared with wild-type animals. Similar to data previously reported for related inflammasome forming NLRs, the increased @entity4 and @entity1 burden was correlated with attenuated levels of @entity8 and @entity11 . Further mechanistic studies using bone marrow reconstitution experiments revealed that the increased disease pathogenesis in the @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 was associated with nonhematopoietic-derived cells and suggests that @entity12 functions in the colon epithelial cell compartment to attenuate @entity5 . Taken together, these data identify @entity12 as an essential mediator of the host immune response during @entity3 and @entity1 . These findings are consistent with a model whereby multiple NLR inflammasomes attenuate disease pathobiology through modulating @entity8 and @entity11 levels in the colon.

title: The @entity12 inflammasome attenuates @entity10 and @entity10 -associated XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Nucleotide-binding domain and @entity7 -rich repeat (NLR) proteins are a diverse family of pattern recognition receptors that are essential mediators of @entity4 and host defense in the gastrointestinal system. Recent studies have identified a subgroup of inflammasome forming NLRs that modulate the mucosal immune response during @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity10 associated @entity5 . To better elucidate the contribution of NLR family members in @entity3 and @entity1 , we conducted a retrospective analysis of gene expression metadata from @entity0 @entity0 . These data revealed that @entity12 , an inflammasome forming NLR, was significantly dysregulated in @entity3 and @entity9 . To better characterize the function of @entity12 in disease pathogenesis, we used @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 in @entity10 and @entity10 -associated @entity1 models. In this paper, we report that @entity12 attenuates @entity6 and @entity5 . @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 demonstrated significant increases in morbidity, @entity4 , and @entity5 compared with wild-type animals. Similar to data previously reported for related inflammasome forming NLRs, the increased @entity4 and @entity1 burden was correlated with attenuated levels of @entity8 and @entity11 . Further mechanistic studies using bone marrow reconstitution experiments revealed that the increased disease pathogenesis in the @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 was associated with nonhematopoietic-derived cells and suggests that @entity12 functions in the colon epithelial cell compartment to attenuate @entity5 . Taken together, these data identify @entity12 as an essential mediator of the host immune response during @entity3 and @entity1 . These findings are consistent with a model whereby multiple NLR inflammasomes attenuate disease pathobiology through modulating @entity8 and @entity11 levels in the colon.

title: The XXXX inflammasome attenuates @entity10 and @entity10 -associated @entity5 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: Nucleotide-binding domain and @entity7 -rich repeat (NLR) proteins are a diverse family of pattern recognition receptors that are essential mediators of @entity4 and host defense in the gastrointestinal system. Recent studies have identified a subgroup of inflammasome forming NLRs that modulate the mucosal immune response during @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity10 associated @entity5 . To better elucidate the contribution of NLR family members in @entity3 and @entity1 , we conducted a retrospective analysis of gene expression metadata from @entity0 @entity0 . These data revealed that @entity12 , an inflammasome forming NLR, was significantly dysregulated in @entity3 and @entity9 . To better characterize the function of @entity12 in disease pathogenesis, we used @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 in @entity10 and @entity10 -associated @entity1 models. In this paper, we report that @entity12 attenuates @entity6 and @entity5 . @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 demonstrated significant increases in morbidity, @entity4 , and @entity5 compared with wild-type animals. Similar to data previously reported for related inflammasome forming NLRs, the increased @entity4 and @entity1 burden was correlated with attenuated levels of @entity8 and @entity11 . Further mechanistic studies using bone marrow reconstitution experiments revealed that the increased disease pathogenesis in the @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 was associated with nonhematopoietic-derived cells and suggests that @entity12 functions in the colon epithelial cell compartment to attenuate @entity5 . Taken together, these data identify @entity12 as an essential mediator of the host immune response during @entity3 and @entity1 . These findings are consistent with a model whereby multiple NLR inflammasomes attenuate disease pathobiology through modulating @entity8 and @entity11 levels in the colon.

title: The @entity12 inflammasome attenuates XXXX and @entity10 -associated @entity5 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Nucleotide-binding domain and @entity7 -rich repeat (NLR) proteins are a diverse family of pattern recognition receptors that are essential mediators of @entity4 and host defense in the gastrointestinal system. Recent studies have identified a subgroup of inflammasome forming NLRs that modulate the mucosal immune response during @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity10 associated @entity5 . To better elucidate the contribution of NLR family members in @entity3 and @entity1 , we conducted a retrospective analysis of gene expression metadata from @entity0 @entity0 . These data revealed that @entity12 , an inflammasome forming NLR, was significantly dysregulated in @entity3 and @entity9 . To better characterize the function of @entity12 in disease pathogenesis, we used @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 in @entity10 and @entity10 -associated @entity1 models. In this paper, we report that @entity12 attenuates @entity6 and @entity5 . @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 demonstrated significant increases in morbidity, @entity4 , and @entity5 compared with wild-type animals. Similar to data previously reported for related inflammasome forming NLRs, the increased @entity4 and @entity1 burden was correlated with attenuated levels of @entity8 and @entity11 . Further mechanistic studies using bone marrow reconstitution experiments revealed that the increased disease pathogenesis in the @entity13 (-/-) @entity2 was associated with nonhematopoietic-derived cells and suggests that @entity12 functions in the colon epithelial cell compartment to attenuate @entity5 . Taken together, these data identify @entity12 as an essential mediator of the host immune response during @entity3 and @entity1 . These findings are consistent with a model whereby multiple NLR inflammasomes attenuate disease pathobiology through modulating @entity8 and @entity11 levels in the colon.

title: The @entity12 inflammasome attenuates @entity10 and XXXX -associated @entity5 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of hysteroscopic endomyometrial resection in the treatment of @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: Eighty-six @entity0 with @entity2 underwent hysteroscopic endomyometrial resection between November 1990 and November 1993. The surgery was carried out under spinal anesthesia in 54 (64%) of the @entity0 . A standard resectoscope was used and the uterine cavity distended with 2.2% @entity4 . The mean follow-up period was 22 months (range 4-39). RESULTS: No major complications occurred and no fluid overload was reported. One episode of uterine perforation, one of @entity6 , five episodes of @entity1 and four of @entity7 were recorded. Hysterectomy was performed in five cases. Follow-up information was available on 79 (92%) @entity0 . @entity5 was achieved in 20 (25%) @entity0 and @entity3 in 44 (56%) @entity0 . Only three (4%) @entity0 showed no improvement in menstrual flow. CONCLUSIONS: Hysteroscopic endomyometrial resection is a safe and effective mode of treatment for @entity2 in selected @entity0 .

title: Hysteroscopic endomyometrial resection for the treatment of XXXX --follow-up of 86 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) proton therapy has many advantages over conventional radiotherapy, but its effectiveness for treating @entity1 remains questionable. Gating dose delivery to the breathing pattern is a well-developed method in conventional radiotherapy for mitigating @entity1 , but its clinical efficiency for @entity4 proton therapy is not yet well documented. In this study, the dosimetric benefits and the treatment efficiency of beam gating for @entity4 proton therapy has been comprehensively evaluated. A series of dedicated 4D dose calculations (4DDC) have been performed on 9 different 4DCT(MRI) liver data sets, which give realistic 4DCT extracting motion information from 4DMRI. The value of 4DCT(MRI) is its capability of providing not only @entity0 geometries and deformable breathing characteristics, but also includes variations in the breathing patterns between breathing cycles. In order to monitor target motion and derive a gating signal, we simulate time-resolved beams' eye view ( @entity3 ) x-ray images as an online motion surrogate. 4DDCs have been performed using three amplitude-based gating window sizes (10/5/3   mm) with motion surrogates derived from either pre-implanted fiducial markers or the diaphragm. In addition, gating has also been simulated in combination with up to 19 times rescanning using either volumetric or layered approaches. The quality of the resulting 4DDC plans has been quantified in terms of the plan homogeneity index (HI), total treatment time and duty cycle. Results show that neither beam gating nor rescanning alone can fully retrieve the plan homogeneity of the static reference plan. Especially for variable breathing patterns, reductions of the effective duty cycle to as low as 10% have been observed with the smallest gating rescanning window (3   mm), implying that gating on its own for such cases would result in much longer treatment times. In addition, when rescanning is applied on its own, large differences between volumetric and layered rescanning have been observed as a function of increasing number of re-scans. However, once gating and rescanning is combined, HI to within 2% of the static plan could be achieved in the clinical target volume, with only moderately prolonged treatment times, irrespective of the rescanning strategy used. Moreover, these results are independent of the motion surrogate used. In conclusion, our results suggest image guided beam gating, combined with rescanning, is a feasible, effective and efficient motion mitigation approach for @entity2 treatments.

title: Improving 4D plan quality for XXXX treatments by combining online image guided beam gating with rescanning.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of trabeculectomy bleb needle revision with @entity3 augmentation performed in the operating theater. METHODS: Retrospective study of all @entity0 undergoing trabeculectomy bleb needle revisions in the operating theater performed by a single surgeon in a metropolitan hospital in Australia. A total of 51 needle revisions were performed on 33 eyes over a mean follow-up time of 1.81  1.56 years. RESULTS: A total of 29% achieved intraocular pressure (IOP)  <=20 mm Hg off all @entity2 medications, and an additional 39% achieved qualified success with the addition of @entity2 medications, giving overall success of 68%. Analyzing success rate for target IOP <=16 mm Hg, 24% achieved target off all @entity2 medications, 35% achieved qualified success with the addition of @entity2 medications, giving an overall success rate of 59%. There was a statistically significant improvement in IOP, as compared with preoperative levels, at all timepoints postoperatively (P<0.05). However, number of @entity2 medications remained unchanged (P>0.05) contributing to the high percentage of qualified successes. Visual acuity remained unchanged and there were no major @entity1 . The Kaplan-Meier survival shows a survival rate of 60% with IOP <=20 mm Hg and 40% for IOP <=16 mm Hg at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Trabeculectomy needle revision is a useful option for the management of elevated IOP in the presence of a failed or failing trabeculectomy bleb. However, as with trabeculectomy, there tends to be a failure rate over time. This often leads to reinstitution of @entity2 medications and/or further needle revisions to maintain IOPs at target level. The procedure itself is minimally invasive with an acceptable safety profile.

title: Outcomes: Trabeculectomy Bleb Needle Revision With XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Diurnal variation of exercise test responses occurring during symptom-limited treadmill exercise testing was investigated in 45 @entity0 six weeks after @entity2 . Each @entity0 was exercised using a Naughton protocol before 8 a.m. and after 6 p.m. on the same day. No complications arose. There was no significant diurnal variation of any of the analysed exercise induced @entity3 ( @entity5 or ST segment shift) or of the mean maximal exercise durations and achieved workloads. Mean maximal heart rates and heart rate-systolic blood pressure double products were similar in both tests. ST segment @entity1 occurred in 21 @entity0 and was totally consistent in both tests. An abnormal blood pressure response occurred in 14 @entity0 in the morning test and in 18 @entity0 in the evening test but this discordance did not reach statistical significance. Similarly there was no significant diurnal variation in exercise induced @entity4 , although only three of the 11 @entity0 in whom they occurred had this abnormality on both tests. We conclude that in this group of @entity0 , no significant diurnal variation was observed in either exercise induced @entity3 or in exercise haemodynamics during symptom-limited exercise tests performed six weeks after @entity2 . These data increase the confidence in clinical management decisions based on the results of this test.

title: Diurnal variation in symptom-limited exercise test responses six weeks after XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Global @entity0 , @entity9 surge, and rapid heart rhythm (RHR) due to @entity4 or @entity6 ( @entity6 ) are the three major factors of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Loss of excitability culminating in global electrical failure ( @entity5 ) is the major adverse outcome of @entity3 with increasing prevalence worldwide. The roles of @entity7 and RHR in the electrical failure during @entity3 remain unclear. We hypothesized that both b-adrenergic stimulation (bAS) and RHR accelerate electrical failure in the globally ischemic heart. We performed optical mapping of the action potential (OAP) in the right ventricular (RV) and left (LV) ventricular epicardium of isolated @entity1 hearts subjected to 30-min global @entity0 . Hearts were paced at a cycle length of either 300 or 200 ms, and either in the presence or in the absence of b-agonist @entity8 (30 nM). @entity10 (20 mM) was used to reduce motion artifact. We found that RHR and bAS synergistically accelerated the decline of the OAP upstroke velocity and the progressive expansion of inexcitable regions. Under all conditions, inexcitability developed faster in the LV than in the RV. At the same time, both RHR and bAS shortened the time to @entity6 (TVF) during @entity0 . Moreover, the time at which 10% of the mapped LV area became inexcitable strongly correlated with TVF (R(2) = 0 .72, P < 0.0001). We conclude that both bAS and RHR are major factors of electrical @entity2 and failure in the globally ischemic heart and may contribute to adverse outcomes of @entity3 such as @entity5 and recurrent/persistent @entity6 .

title: b-Adrenergic stimulation and rapid pacing mutually promote heterogeneous electrical failure and XXXX in the globally ischemic heart.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 resulting from @entity6 is rich in chondroitin @entity3 proteoglycan (CSPG), a formidable barrier to axonal regeneration. We explored the possibility of breaching that barrier by first examining the scar in a functional in vitro model. We found that embryonic stem cell-derived neural lineage cells (ESNLCs) with prominent expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) survived, passed through an increasingly inhibitory gradient of CSPG, and expressed @entity5 ( @entity5 ) at the appropriate stage of their development. Outgrowth of axons from ESNLCs followed because the migrating cells sculpted pathways in which CSPG was degraded. The degradative mechanism involved @entity5 but not @entity4 . To confirm these results in vivo, we transplanted ESNLCs directly into the cavity of a contused spinal cord 9 days after injury. A week later, ESNLCs survived and were expressing both @entity7 and @entity5 . Their axons had grown through long distances (>10 mm), although they preferred to traverse white rather than gray matter. These data are consistent with the concept that expression of inhibitory CSPG within the @entity2 is an important impediment to regeneration but that @entity7 + progenitors derived from ESNLCs can modify the microenvironment to allow axons to grow through the barrier. This beneficial action may be partly due to developmental expression of @entity5 . We conclude that it might eventually be possible to encourage axonal regeneration in the @entity0 spinal cord by transplanting ESNLCs or other cells that express @entity7 .

title: XXXX + Progenitors Derived From Embryonic Stem Cells Penetrate Glial Scar and Promote Axonal Outgrowth Into White Matter After @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 resulting from @entity6 is rich in chondroitin @entity3 proteoglycan (CSPG), a formidable barrier to axonal regeneration. We explored the possibility of breaching that barrier by first examining the scar in a functional in vitro model. We found that embryonic stem cell-derived neural lineage cells (ESNLCs) with prominent expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) survived, passed through an increasingly inhibitory gradient of CSPG, and expressed @entity5 ( @entity5 ) at the appropriate stage of their development. Outgrowth of axons from ESNLCs followed because the migrating cells sculpted pathways in which CSPG was degraded. The degradative mechanism involved @entity5 but not @entity4 . To confirm these results in vivo, we transplanted ESNLCs directly into the cavity of a contused spinal cord 9 days after injury. A week later, ESNLCs survived and were expressing both @entity7 and @entity5 . Their axons had grown through long distances (>10 mm), although they preferred to traverse white rather than gray matter. These data are consistent with the concept that expression of inhibitory CSPG within the @entity2 is an important impediment to regeneration but that @entity7 + progenitors derived from ESNLCs can modify the microenvironment to allow axons to grow through the barrier. This beneficial action may be partly due to developmental expression of @entity5 . We conclude that it might eventually be possible to encourage axonal regeneration in the @entity0 spinal cord by transplanting ESNLCs or other cells that express @entity7 .

title: @entity7 + Progenitors Derived From Embryonic Stem Cells Penetrate Glial Scar and Promote Axonal Outgrowth Into White Matter After XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity7 -Adrenergic receptors ( @entity7 -ARs) are expressed predominantly in white and brown adipose tissue, and @entity7 -selective agonists are potential anti- @entity1 drugs. However, the role of @entity7 -ARs in normal physiology is unknown. To address this issue, homologous recombination was used to generate @entity0 that lack @entity7 -ARs. This was accomplished by direct injection of a DNA-targeting construct into @entity0 zygotes. Twenty-three @entity0 were generated, of which two had targeted disruption of the @entity5 gene. @entity0 that were homozygous for the disrupted allele had undetectable levels of intact @entity5 mRNA, as assessed by RNase protection assay and Northern blotting, and lacked functional @entity7 -ARs, as demonstrated by complete loss of @entity7 -agonist (CL 316,243)-induced stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity and lipolysis. @entity5 -deficient @entity0 had modestly increased fat stores (females more than males), indicating that @entity7 -ARs play a role in regulating energy balance. Importantly, @entity4 but not @entity6 mRNA levels up-regulated in white and brown adipose tissue of @entity5 -deficient @entity0 (brown more than white), strongly implying that @entity7 -ARs mediate physiologically relevant signaling under normal conditions and that "cross-talk" exists between @entity7 -ARs and @entity3 gene expression. Finally, acute treatment of normal @entity0 with CL 316,243 increased serum levels of free @entity2 (FFAs) (3.2-fold) and insulin (140-fold), increased energy expenditure (2-fold), and reduced food intake (by 45%). These effects were completely absent in @entity5 -deficient @entity0 , proving that the actions of CL are mediated exclusively by @entity7 -ARs. @entity5 -deficient @entity0 should be useful as a means to a better understanding of the physiology and pharmacology of @entity7 -ARs.

title: Targeted disruption of the XXXX gene.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To contribute to the literature with three unusual cases of primary @entity0 with @entity2 to the urinary bladder. METHODS: Presentation of the three clinical cases and bibliographic review. RESULTS: Three @entity1 , with an average age of 49.3 years, were diagnosed with @entity0 . Two of them suffered from @entity4 after being diagnosed with @entity0 . The third @entity1 was diagnosed incidentally after a routine CT scan. Upon diagnosis of the bladder @entity2 , they already had @entity2 in other locations. The treatment of the three cases was palliative. The cause of @entity3 was due to additional pathologies. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of bladder @entity2 due to @entity0 is infrequent. The appearance of urinary tract symptoms in these @entity1 requires a diagnostic study in order to rule out @entity2 .

title: Metastatic urinary bladder involvement in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Gene duplication enables the functional diversification in species. It is thought that duplicated genes may be able to compensate if the function of one of the gene copies is disrupted. This possibility is extensively debated with some studies reporting @entity1 , whereas others suggest functional compensation among only recent gene duplicates or no compensation at all. We report results from a systematic molecular evolutionary analysis to test the predictions of the functional compensation hypothesis. We contrasted the density of Mendelian disease-associated single @entity3 variants (dSNVs) in proteins with no discernable paralogs (singletons) with the dSNV density in proteins found in multigene families. Under the functional compensation hypothesis, we expected to find greater numbers of dSNVs in singletons due to the lack of any compensating partners. Our analyses produced an opposite pattern; paralogs have over 35% higher dSNV density than singletons. We found that these patterns are concordant with similar differences in the rates of @entity2 evolution (ie, functional constraints), as the proteins with paralogs have evolved 33% slower than singletons. Our evolutionary constraint explanation is robust to differences in family sizes, ages (young vs. old duplicates), and degrees of @entity2 sequence similarities among paralogs. Therefore, disease-associated @entity0 variation does not exhibit significant signals of functional compensation among paralogous proteins, but rather an evolutionary constraint hypothesis provides a better explanation for the observed patterns of disease-associated and neutral polymorphisms in the @entity0 genome.

title: Using Disease-Associated Coding Sequence Variation to Investigate Functional Compensation by XXXX Paralogous Proteins.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is the most common @entity0 @entity1 and its incidence is rising worldwide. Ultraviolet radiation exposure, including tanning bed use, as well as host factors play a role in its development. The majority of cases are treated and cured with local therapies including surgery. Yet, the health care costs of diagnosis and treatment of BCCs in the US is substantial. In the United States, the cost of @entity2 care in the Medicare population is estimated to be US 426 million per year. While rare, locally advanced BCCs that can no longer be controlled with surgery and/or radiation, and metastatic BCCs do occur and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Vismodegib ( @entity4 ), a smoothened inhibitor targeted at the hedgehog pathway, is the first US Food and Drug Association (FDA)-approved agent in the treatment of locally advanced, unresectable, and metastatic BCCs. This class of agents appears to be changing the survival rates in advanced @entity3 @entity0 , but appropriate @entity0 selection and monitoring are important. Multidisciplinary assessments are essential for the optimal care and management of these @entity0 . For some @entity0 with locally advanced @entity3 , treatment with a hedgehog inhibitor may eliminate the need for an excessively disfiguring or morbid surgery.

title: XXXX , the hedgehog pathway, and treatment options - role of smoothened inhibitors.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic therapy is recommended for advanced @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, conventional first-line treatment has generated a plateau in response rate of 25% to 35%. Few studies have shown @entity0 benefit from microwave ablation (MWA) in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of percutaneous computed tomography-guided MWA as maintenance after first-line treatment for @entity0 with advanced @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 with histologically verified @entity3 stage IIIB or IV between January 2010 and March 2014 were involved. After completion of first-line treatment with partial response or stable disease, 35 @entity0 with 39 @entity1 underwent 39 MWA procedures. Complications, progression-free survival (PFS), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and correlated predictors were analyzed. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 17.7 months and 10.8 months after initial MWA, local efficacy was 87.2%, median MWA-related local control time was 10.6 months, and @entity1 size was the only predictor (P=0.002). Median MWA-related PFS, MWA-related @entity4 , PFS, and @entity4 were 5.4, 10.6, 11.8 and 17.7 months, respectively. Local efficacy was significantly correlated with MWA-related PFS (P=0.003), MWA-related @entity4 (P=0.000), and @entity4 (P=0.001). There were no procedure-specific deaths. Total incidence of major complications was 12.8%, including pneumothorax resolved by closed pleural drainage and @entity2 controlled by antibiotics in a short time. CONCLUSION: This study concluded two points, including: 1) @entity0 benefited from MWA as maintenance both in local control and survival; 2) as maintenance MWA was superior to conventional maintenance therapy with improved survival and well-tolerated complications. Therefore, MWA was a safe and effective maintenance after first-line treatment in @entity0 with advanced @entity3 .

title: Percutaneous CT-guided microwave ablation as maintenance after first-line treatment for @entity0 with advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Systemic therapy is recommended for advanced @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, conventional first-line treatment has generated a plateau in response rate of 25% to 35%. Few studies have shown @entity0 benefit from microwave ablation (MWA) in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of percutaneous computed tomography-guided MWA as maintenance after first-line treatment for @entity0 with advanced @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 with histologically verified @entity3 stage IIIB or IV between January 2010 and March 2014 were involved. After completion of first-line treatment with partial response or stable disease, 35 @entity0 with 39 @entity1 underwent 39 MWA procedures. Complications, progression-free survival (PFS), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and correlated predictors were analyzed. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 17.7 months and 10.8 months after initial MWA, local efficacy was 87.2%, median MWA-related local control time was 10.6 months, and @entity1 size was the only predictor (P=0.002). Median MWA-related PFS, MWA-related @entity4 , PFS, and @entity4 were 5.4, 10.6, 11.8 and 17.7 months, respectively. Local efficacy was significantly correlated with MWA-related PFS (P=0.003), MWA-related @entity4 (P=0.000), and @entity4 (P=0.001). There were no procedure-specific deaths. Total incidence of major complications was 12.8%, including pneumothorax resolved by closed pleural drainage and @entity2 controlled by antibiotics in a short time. CONCLUSION: This study concluded two points, including: 1) @entity0 benefited from MWA as maintenance both in local control and survival; 2) as maintenance MWA was superior to conventional maintenance therapy with improved survival and well-tolerated complications. Therefore, MWA was a safe and effective maintenance after first-line treatment in @entity0 with advanced @entity3 .

title: Percutaneous CT-guided microwave ablation as maintenance after first-line treatment for XXXX with advanced @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Surgery remains the only curative treatment for @entity1 . These @entity0 typically present in a malnourished state. Various screening tools have been employed to help with preoperative risk stratification. Examples include the subjective global assessment (SGA), malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST), and nutritional risk index (NRI). Adequate studies have not been performed to determine if perioperative interventions, based on nutrition risk assessment, result in less morbidity and mortality. The routine use of gastric decompression with nasogastric sump tubes may be unnecessary following elective pancreatic resections. Instead, placement should be selective and employed on a case-by-case basis. A wide variety of feeding modalities are available, oral nutrition being the most effective. Artificial nutrition may be provided by temporary nasal tube (nasogastric, nasojejunal, or combined nasogastrojejunal tube) or surgically placed tube [gastrostomy (GT), jejunostomy (JT), @entity5 ( @entity5 )], and intravenously (parenteral nutrition, @entity6 ). The optimal tube for enteral feeding cannot be determined based on current data. Each is associated with a specific set of complications. Dual lumen tubes may be useful in the presence of delayed @entity3 (DGE) as the stomach may be decompressed while feeds are delivered to the jejunum. However, all feeding tubes placed in the small intestine, except direct jejunostomies, commonly dislodge and retroflex into the stomach. Jejunostomies are associated with less frequent, but more serious complications. These include intestinal torsion and bowel @entity2 . @entity6 is associated with septic, metabolic, and access-related complications and should be the feeding strategy of last-resort. Enteral feeds are clearly preferred over parental nutrition. A sound understanding of perioperative nutrition may improve @entity0 outcomes. @entity0 undergoing @entity4 surgery should undergo multidisciplinary nutrition screening and intervention, and the surgical/oncological team should include nutrition professionals in managing these @entity0 in the perioperative period.

title: XXXX surgery and nutrition management: a review of the current literature.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Complete @entity4 causes @entity5 in neonates and @entity0 . We have to prevent further @entity3 in perioperative period. This is a case report of an @entity0 with @entity5 due to complete @entity4 who underwent primary cleft lip closure under general anesthesia. An 8 month-old @entity0 was scheduled for bilateral cleft lip closure. His first operation at two months was canceled because of unsuccessful intubation in previous hospital. He came to our hospital to seek a second opinion. His CT scan showed @entity2 of the @entity1 below glottis. The tracheobronchial endoscopy showed complete tracheal rings 1.5 cm below glottis to the bifurcation. Considering his aspiration episode, we decided to do the cleft lip closure promptly after examinations. We chose an ID 3.0 mm RAE tracheal tube, which is commercially narrowest We intubated 2 cm below glottis, and confirmed that the tip did not touch narrowed @entity1 with endoscope. This tube was fixed in the center of the mandible and packed with gauze. He was discharged on 8 POD without complication. CT scan and its integrated 3 D image of the @entity1 were useful to understand the approximate structure. However endoscopic examination allowed more detailed structure-measurement below glottis.

title: [Anesthesia Management for Primary Cleft Lip Closure in an XXXX with Congenital Total Length Complete Tracheal Rings].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: In the last few decades, there has been a restructuring of the @entity1 services in many countries. The complexity of these systems may represent a challenge to @entity0 that suffer from serious @entity1 . We examined whether local integration of inpatient and outpatient services in contrast to centralized institutions strengthened continuity of care. METHODS: Two different service-systems were compared. Service-utilization over a 4-year period for 690 inpatients was extracted from the @entity0 registries. The results were controlled for demographic variables, model of service-system, central inpatient admission or local inpatient admission, diagnoses, and duration of inpatient stays. RESULTS: The majority of inpatients in the area with local integration of inpatient and outpatient services used both types of care. In the area that did not have beds locally, many @entity0 that had been hospitalized did not receive outpatient follow-up. Predictors of inpatients' use of outpatient @entity1 care were: Model of service-system (centralized vs decentralized), a diagnosis of @entity2 , central inpatient admission only, and duration of inpatient stays. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric centers with local inpatient units may positively affect continuity of care for @entity0 with severe @entity1 , probably because of a high functional integration of inpatient and outpatient care.

title: Local inpatient units may increase XXXX ' utilization of outpatient services: a comparative cohort-study in Nordland County, Norway.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aims. Oncocytic (Hurthle) follicular cell @entity0 (OTs) of the thyroid are both @entity1 (OCs). The routine diagnosis of these @entity0 can be problematic even after an accurate sampling and histological examination. Beside preoperative evaluation due to the @entity0 's dimension several studies have been performed to find markers able to distinguish malignant from @entity0 in the thyroid, with Galectin-3 being one of the most effective. Recently, some authors suggested @entity2 as adjunct to the diagnosis of the oncocytic lesions of the thyroid. Methods and Results. In this paper we assess the role of Galectin-3 and @entity2 in a well-selected group of follicular oncocytic @entity0 (14   OCs and 26   @entity3 ). The diameter of each lesion was also evaluated. The combination of Galectin-3 and @entity2 has a good specificity (81%) and sensitivity (100%). Moreover, the maximum diameter (in cm) of OCs is greater than @entity3 (4.1 versus 2.3). Conclusions. We believe that the use of Galectin-3 and @entity2 in OTs of the thyroid can be a helpful panel in daily practice when histology is doubtful.

title: Galectin-3 and XXXX Immunohistochemistry and Tumor Dimensions Are Useful in Distinguishing Follicular Oncocytic Carcinomas from Oncocytic Adenomas of the Thyroid.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECT The relative benefit of repeat surgery for recurrent @entity3 is unclear, in part due to the very heterogeneous nature of the @entity0 population and the effect of clinician philosophy on the duration and @entity2 of treatment. The authors sought to investigate the role of time to last recurrence on @entity0 outcomes following aggressive repeat surgery for recurrent @entity3 . METHODS The authors present outcomes in 104 @entity0 undergoing repeat surgery for focally recurrent @entity3 with at least 95% resection and adjuvant treatment at most recent prior surgery. In addition to common variables, they provide data regarding the period of progression-free survival (PFS) following an aggressive lesionectomy for focally recurrent @entity3 (T2) and the time the @entity1 took to recur since the previous surgery (T1). They term the ratio T1/T2 the relative aggressivity index (RAI). RESULTS The median PFS was 7.8 months, 6.0 months, and 4.8 months following the second, third, and fourth-sixth craniotomies, respectively. Importantly, there was a wide range of outcomes, with time to postoperative recurrence ranging from 1 to 24 months in this group. Analysis showed no meaningful relationship between T1 and T2, meaning that previous PFS is entirely unable to predict the PFS that another surgery will provide the @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS Repeat surgery for @entity3 is beneficial in many cases, however this is hard to predict preoperatively. Often, surgery can provide the @entity0 with a good period of disease freedom, but this is variable and in general it is not possible to reliably predict who these @entity0 are.

title: Aggressive repeat surgery for focally recurrent XXXX : outcomes and theoretical framework.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Since recent findings indicate the involvement of G-proteins in the mechanism of ischaemic preconditioning (PC), the present study was aimed to investigate the role of adrenergic mechanisms, such as G-proteins and stimulation of adrenergic receptors, in this phenomenon. For this purpose, isolated Langendorff-perfused @entity0 hearts were subjected to regional ischaemia (30 min occlusion of @entity7 ) followed by reperfusion. The effect of PC (a single 5 min occlusion/reperfusion before a long occlusion) on ischaemia- and reperfusion induced @entity3 was studied in conjunction with an assessment of G-proteins in the myocardial tissue by means of Western blotting and @entity2 -ribosylation with bacterial toxins. To follow the link between G-proteins and adrenergic receptors, their stimulation by exogenous @entity4 (NE) was applied to test whether it can mimic the effect of PC on @entity3 . Thirty min ischaemia and subsequent reperfusion induced high incidence of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and fibrillation (VF). PC significantly reduced a total number of extrasystoles, incidence of @entity5 and abolished VF. It was, however, insufficient to suppress reperfusion-induced sustained VF. Measurement of G-proteins revealed that PC led to a reduction of stimulatory Gs proteins, whereas inhibitory Gi proteins were increased. NE (50 nmol) introduced a manner of similar to PC (5 min infusion, 10 min normal reperfusion) reduced @entity3 in the same way, as PC. In addition, in NE-pretreated hearts reperfusion induced mostly transient VF, which was spontaneously reverted to normal sinus rhythm. A transient increase in heart rate and perfusion pressure during NE infusion completely waned before the onset of ischaemia, indicating that antiarrhythmic effect was not related to haemodynamic changes and to conditions of myocardial perfusion. CONCLUSION: antiarrhythmic effect of PC may be mediated by a stimulation of adrenergic receptors coupled to appropriate G-proteins. Consequently, the inhibition of @entity6 cyclase activity and reduction in @entity1 level, as well as the activation of protein kinase C may be considered as two possible pathways leading to a final response.

title: Ischaemic preconditioning in the XXXX heart: the role of G-proteins and adrenergic stimulation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether an audible cracking sound during shoulder manipulation following distention arthrography is clinically significant in @entity0 with @entity2 of the shoulder. METHODS: A total of 48 @entity0 (31 @entity0 , 17 @entity0 ) with primary @entity2 of the shoulder completed the study. All @entity0 underwent C-arm-guided arthrographic distention of the glenohumeral joint with injections of a corticosteroid and normal saline. After distention, we performed flexion and abduction manipulation of the shoulder. The @entity0 were grouped into sound and non-sound groups based on the presence or absence, respectively, of an audible cracking sound during manipulation. We assessed shoulder @entity1 and disability based on a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the Shoulder @entity1 and Disability Index (SPADI), and passive range of motion (ROM) measurements (flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation) before the procedure and again at 3 weeks and at 6 weeks after the intervention. RESULTS: The @entity0 were divided into two groups: 21 were included in the sound group and 27 in the non-sound group. In both groups, the results of the NRS, SPADI, and ROM assessments showed statistically significant improvements at both 3 and 6 weeks after the procedure. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups except with respect to external rotation at 6 weeks, at which time the sound group showed a significant improvement in external rotation when compared with the non-sound group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings showed that manipulation following distention arthrography was effective in decreasing @entity1 and increasing shoulder range of motion. In addition, the presence of an audible cracking sound during manipulation, especially on external rotation, was associated with better shoulder range of motion.

title: Shoulder Manipulation After Distention Arthrography: Does Audible Cracking Affect Improvement in XXXX ? A Preliminary Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity4 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity3 for @entity4 remains elusive. @entity1 ( @entity2 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity5 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity3 to @entity4 using the @entity2 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity2 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity0 dorsal skin induced @entity4 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity2 treatment induced @entity3 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity2 promotes melanoblast @entity5 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity2 treatment induced robust expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in keratinocytes and @entity7 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity0 @entity4 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity5 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity2 promotes the expansion, @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity3 for @entity0 @entity4 . @entity6 / @entity7 signaling was required for @entity2 -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity4 from @entity0 hair follicle @entity3 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity4 .

title: @entity6 / @entity7 signaling is required in @entity1 -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity4 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity3 for @entity4 remains elusive. @entity1 ( @entity2 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity5 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity3 to @entity4 using the @entity2 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity2 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity0 dorsal skin induced @entity4 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity2 treatment induced @entity3 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity2 promotes melanoblast @entity5 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity2 treatment induced robust expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in keratinocytes and @entity7 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity0 @entity4 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity5 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity2 promotes the expansion, @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity3 for @entity0 @entity4 . @entity6 / @entity7 signaling was required for @entity2 -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity4 from @entity0 hair follicle @entity3 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity4 .

title: @entity6 / @entity7 signaling is required in XXXX -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity4 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity3 for @entity4 remains elusive. @entity1 ( @entity2 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity5 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity3 to @entity4 using the @entity2 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity2 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity0 dorsal skin induced @entity4 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity2 treatment induced @entity3 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity2 promotes melanoblast @entity5 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity2 treatment induced robust expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in keratinocytes and @entity7 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity0 @entity4 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity5 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity2 promotes the expansion, @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity3 for @entity0 @entity4 . @entity6 / @entity7 signaling was required for @entity2 -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity4 from @entity0 hair follicle @entity3 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity4 .

title: XXXX / @entity7 signaling is required in @entity1 -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity4 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity3 for @entity4 remains elusive. @entity1 ( @entity2 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity5 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity3 to @entity4 using the @entity2 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity2 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity0 dorsal skin induced @entity4 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity2 treatment induced @entity3 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity2 promotes melanoblast @entity5 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity2 treatment induced robust expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in keratinocytes and @entity7 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity0 @entity4 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity5 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity2 promotes the expansion, @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity3 for @entity0 @entity4 . @entity6 / @entity7 signaling was required for @entity2 -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity4 from @entity0 hair follicle @entity3 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity4 .

title: @entity6 / @entity7 signaling is required in @entity1 -induced XXXX and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hair follicle @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are responsible for hair pigmentation and also function as a major melanocyte reservoir for @entity4 . However, the molecular mechanism promoting @entity3 for @entity4 remains elusive. @entity1 ( @entity2 ) mimics key signaling involved in melanocyte growth, @entity5 and differentiation. We therefore investigated the molecular basis for the contribution of hair follicle @entity3 to @entity4 using the @entity2 induction model. We found that repetitive @entity2 treatment of female C57BL/6 @entity0 dorsal skin induced @entity4 by increasing the number of epidermal melanocytes. Particularly, @entity2 treatment induced @entity3 to initiate proliferation, exit the stem cell niche and differentiate. We also demonstrated that @entity2 promotes melanoblast @entity5 and differentiation in vitro. At the molecular level, @entity2 treatment induced robust expression of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in keratinocytes and @entity7 in melanoblasts and melanocytes. Administration of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody against the Kit receptor, suppressed @entity0 @entity4 , decreased the number of epidermal melanocytes, and inhibited melanoblast @entity5 . Taken together, our data demonstrate that @entity2 promotes the expansion, @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle @entity3 for @entity0 @entity4 . @entity6 / @entity7 signaling was required for @entity2 -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes. Our findings may provide an excellent model to investigate the signaling mechanisms regulating @entity4 from @entity0 hair follicle @entity3 , and a potential therapeutic option for @entity4 .

title: @entity6 / XXXX signaling is required in @entity1 -induced @entity5 and differentiation of hair follicle melanocytes for @entity4 .

answer: @entity7