abstract: In a randomized, double-blind, Phase III study, we compared @entity9 long-acting release ( @entity9 LAR) with @entity7 long-acting repeatable ( @entity7 LAR) in managing @entity3 refractory to first-generation @entity6 analogues. Adults with @entity1 of the digestive tract were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive @entity9 LAR (60 mg) or @entity7 LAR (40 mg) every 28 days. Primary outcome was symptom control based on frequency of bowel movements and @entity5 episodes. Objective @entity1 response was a secondary outcome. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated in a post hoc analysis. Adverse events were recorded. At the time of a planned interim analysis, the data monitoring committee recommended halting the study because of a low predictive probability of showing superiority of @entity9 over @entity7 for symptom control (n=43 @entity9 LAR, 20.9%; n=45 @entity7 LAR, 26.7%; odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27-1.97; P=0.53). Tumor control rate at month 6 was 62.7% with @entity9 and 46.2% with @entity7 (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.89-4.32; P=0.09). Median (95% CI) PFS was 11.8 months (11.0 - not reached) with @entity9 versus 6.8 months (5.6 - not reached) with @entity7 (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.20-0.98; P=0.045). The most frequent drug-related adverse events ( @entity9 vs @entity7 ) included @entity8 (28.3% vs 5.3%), @entity4 (11.3% vs 3.5%), and @entity2 (9.4% vs 0%). We conclude that, among @entity0 with @entity3 refractory to available @entity6 analogues, similar proportions of @entity0 receiving @entity9 LAR or @entity7 LAR achieved symptom control at month 6. @entity9 LAR showed a trend toward higher @entity1 control rate at month 6, although it was statistically not significant, and was associated with a longer PFS than @entity7 LAR.

title: Phase III study of @entity9 long-acting release in @entity0 with metastatic @entity1 and @entity3 refractory to available XXXX analogues.

answer: @entity6


abstract: In a randomized, double-blind, Phase III study, we compared @entity9 long-acting release ( @entity9 LAR) with @entity7 long-acting repeatable ( @entity7 LAR) in managing @entity3 refractory to first-generation @entity6 analogues. Adults with @entity1 of the digestive tract were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive @entity9 LAR (60 mg) or @entity7 LAR (40 mg) every 28 days. Primary outcome was symptom control based on frequency of bowel movements and @entity5 episodes. Objective @entity1 response was a secondary outcome. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated in a post hoc analysis. Adverse events were recorded. At the time of a planned interim analysis, the data monitoring committee recommended halting the study because of a low predictive probability of showing superiority of @entity9 over @entity7 for symptom control (n=43 @entity9 LAR, 20.9%; n=45 @entity7 LAR, 26.7%; odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27-1.97; P=0.53). Tumor control rate at month 6 was 62.7% with @entity9 and 46.2% with @entity7 (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.89-4.32; P=0.09). Median (95% CI) PFS was 11.8 months (11.0 - not reached) with @entity9 versus 6.8 months (5.6 - not reached) with @entity7 (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.20-0.98; P=0.045). The most frequent drug-related adverse events ( @entity9 vs @entity7 ) included @entity8 (28.3% vs 5.3%), @entity4 (11.3% vs 3.5%), and @entity2 (9.4% vs 0%). We conclude that, among @entity0 with @entity3 refractory to available @entity6 analogues, similar proportions of @entity0 receiving @entity9 LAR or @entity7 LAR achieved symptom control at month 6. @entity9 LAR showed a trend toward higher @entity1 control rate at month 6, although it was statistically not significant, and was associated with a longer PFS than @entity7 LAR.

title: Phase III study of XXXX long-acting release in @entity0 with metastatic @entity1 and @entity3 refractory to available @entity6 analogues.

answer: @entity9


abstract: In a randomized, double-blind, Phase III study, we compared @entity9 long-acting release ( @entity9 LAR) with @entity7 long-acting repeatable ( @entity7 LAR) in managing @entity3 refractory to first-generation @entity6 analogues. Adults with @entity1 of the digestive tract were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive @entity9 LAR (60 mg) or @entity7 LAR (40 mg) every 28 days. Primary outcome was symptom control based on frequency of bowel movements and @entity5 episodes. Objective @entity1 response was a secondary outcome. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated in a post hoc analysis. Adverse events were recorded. At the time of a planned interim analysis, the data monitoring committee recommended halting the study because of a low predictive probability of showing superiority of @entity9 over @entity7 for symptom control (n=43 @entity9 LAR, 20.9%; n=45 @entity7 LAR, 26.7%; odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27-1.97; P=0.53). Tumor control rate at month 6 was 62.7% with @entity9 and 46.2% with @entity7 (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.89-4.32; P=0.09). Median (95% CI) PFS was 11.8 months (11.0 - not reached) with @entity9 versus 6.8 months (5.6 - not reached) with @entity7 (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.20-0.98; P=0.045). The most frequent drug-related adverse events ( @entity9 vs @entity7 ) included @entity8 (28.3% vs 5.3%), @entity4 (11.3% vs 3.5%), and @entity2 (9.4% vs 0%). We conclude that, among @entity0 with @entity3 refractory to available @entity6 analogues, similar proportions of @entity0 receiving @entity9 LAR or @entity7 LAR achieved symptom control at month 6. @entity9 LAR showed a trend toward higher @entity1 control rate at month 6, although it was statistically not significant, and was associated with a longer PFS than @entity7 LAR.

title: Phase III study of @entity9 long-acting release in @entity0 with metastatic XXXX and @entity3 refractory to available @entity6 analogues.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In a randomized, double-blind, Phase III study, we compared @entity9 long-acting release ( @entity9 LAR) with @entity7 long-acting repeatable ( @entity7 LAR) in managing @entity3 refractory to first-generation @entity6 analogues. Adults with @entity1 of the digestive tract were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive @entity9 LAR (60 mg) or @entity7 LAR (40 mg) every 28 days. Primary outcome was symptom control based on frequency of bowel movements and @entity5 episodes. Objective @entity1 response was a secondary outcome. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated in a post hoc analysis. Adverse events were recorded. At the time of a planned interim analysis, the data monitoring committee recommended halting the study because of a low predictive probability of showing superiority of @entity9 over @entity7 for symptom control (n=43 @entity9 LAR, 20.9%; n=45 @entity7 LAR, 26.7%; odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27-1.97; P=0.53). Tumor control rate at month 6 was 62.7% with @entity9 and 46.2% with @entity7 (odds ratio, 1.96; 95% CI, 0.89-4.32; P=0.09). Median (95% CI) PFS was 11.8 months (11.0 - not reached) with @entity9 versus 6.8 months (5.6 - not reached) with @entity7 (hazard ratio, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.20-0.98; P=0.045). The most frequent drug-related adverse events ( @entity9 vs @entity7 ) included @entity8 (28.3% vs 5.3%), @entity4 (11.3% vs 3.5%), and @entity2 (9.4% vs 0%). We conclude that, among @entity0 with @entity3 refractory to available @entity6 analogues, similar proportions of @entity0 receiving @entity9 LAR or @entity7 LAR achieved symptom control at month 6. @entity9 LAR showed a trend toward higher @entity1 control rate at month 6, although it was statistically not significant, and was associated with a longer PFS than @entity7 LAR.

title: Phase III study of @entity9 long-acting release in XXXX with metastatic @entity1 and @entity3 refractory to available @entity6 analogues.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the main treatment of @entity1 but the clinical data of its efficacy is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of @entity4 alone or combined with controllers other than LABA for persistent @entity1 in Thailand. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 1,206 @entity0 with persistent @entity1 and was conducted at 38 hospitals across Thailand between May and November, 2009. @entity0 were enrolled if they were >12 years old, had persistent @entity1 , receiving @entity4 with/without controllers other than long-acting @entity2 -agonists (LABA) for at least 3 months, and smoked <10 packs-year. RESULTS: Of 1,206 @entity0 , 78.4% were females, age 49.4    13.8 years old, 89.3% were nonsmokers, the median duration of illness was 11 years, the median duration of @entity4 treatment was 20.4 months, and the mean dose of @entity4 was 738    258 microgram per day. The top three medications prescribed in combination to @entity4 were short-acting @entity2 - agonist inhalers, @entity3 , and short-acting @entity2 - agonist tablets. The mean Asthma Control Test (ACT) score was 19.2   4.4. The percentage of successful @entity1 control (ACT >=  20) was 53.5% (95%CI: 50.7 to 56.3). The rate per @entity0 per year of emergency room visits and all urgent health care visits were 0.98 and 1.28. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical practice, @entity0 using @entity4 alone or combined with @entity3 or short-acting b2 agonists had a low percentage of @entity1 control and a high number of urgent care visits. @entity4 either alone or combined with @entity3 or short-acting b2 agonists is not sufficient.

title: Evaluation of XXXX control by inhaled corticosteroids in general practice in Thailand.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: For @entity0 with @entity1 , providing appropriate information about prognosis or chances of recurrent disease remains a difficult area of practice. Much research has suggested that @entity0 want to be given all available information, although the realities of attempting to do this are complex and may be perceived by some as uncaring. A review of recent literature was undertaken to explore the process of disclosure, @entity0 experience and preferences for information regarding prognosis or risk of recurrence. METHODS: A systematic approach was taken to searching electronic databases for relevant literature from 2004 to June 2014. Primary research from a range of methodological approaches was included and critical interpretive synthesis was employed to explore themes and identify gaps in the evidence. RESULTS: Twenty papers were identified as appropriate. They were diverse in objectives and @entity0 groups. Themes identified included: the nature of prognostic information, @entity0 need for prognostic information, @entity0 need to maintain hope, balancing hope and realism, @entity0 factors, disease factors and clinician factors. A thematic framework was developed. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 often struggle to fully understand complex prognostic information. They value help in making sense of this information and generally want information that supports hope. Working with @entity0 to understand and manage the uncertainty of their situation may be particularly valuable. Further research is needed to fully understand the process of prognostic information giving and what information @entity0 want regarding recurrence risk. Research should be aimed at identifying strategies helpful to @entity0 in managing uncertainty inherent in their situation.

title: Prognostic communication in XXXX : A critical interpretive synthesis of the literature.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Coronary collateral growth (CCG) is @entity2 . @entity6 is a pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic microRNA (miR), which we showed to be elevated in @entity2 . Here we investigate whether impaired CCG in @entity2 involved @entity6 -mediated aberrant apoptosis. Normal ( @entity1 ) and @entity2 (JCR) @entity0 underwent transient, repetitive @entity3 (RI). Anti-apoptotic @entity4 , p-Bad and @entity4 / @entity5 dimers were increased on days 6 and 9 RI and pro-apoptotic @entity5 and @entity5 / @entity5 dimers and cytochrome c release concurrently decreased in JCR vs. @entity1 @entity0 . Active caspases were decreased in JCR vs. @entity1 @entity0 (~50%). Neutrophils increased transiently on day 3 RI in the collateral-dependent zone (CZ) of @entity1 @entity0 but remained elevated in JCR @entity0 paralleling @entity6 expression. @entity6 downregulation by antimiR-21 induced neutrophil apoptosis and decreased @entity4 and @entity4 / @entity5 dimers (~75%) while increasing @entity5 / @entity5 dimers, cytochrome c release and caspase activation (~70%, 400% and 400%). AntimiR-21 also improved CCG in JCR @entity0 (~60%). Preventing neutrophil infiltration with blocking antibodies resulted in equivalent CCG recovery confirming a major role for deregulated neutrophil apoptosis in CCG impairment. Neutrophil and @entity6 -dependent CCG inhibition was in significant part mediated by increased oxidative stress. We conclude that neutrophil apoptosis is integral to normal CCG, and that inappropriate, prolonged @entity6 -mediated survival of neutrophils plays a major role in impaired CCG, in part via oxidative stress generation.

title: XXXX -mediated decreased neutrophil apoptosis is a determinant of impaired coronary collateral growth in @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Coronary collateral growth (CCG) is @entity2 . @entity6 is a pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic microRNA (miR), which we showed to be elevated in @entity2 . Here we investigate whether impaired CCG in @entity2 involved @entity6 -mediated aberrant apoptosis. Normal ( @entity1 ) and @entity2 (JCR) @entity0 underwent transient, repetitive @entity3 (RI). Anti-apoptotic @entity4 , p-Bad and @entity4 / @entity5 dimers were increased on days 6 and 9 RI and pro-apoptotic @entity5 and @entity5 / @entity5 dimers and cytochrome c release concurrently decreased in JCR vs. @entity1 @entity0 . Active caspases were decreased in JCR vs. @entity1 @entity0 (~50%). Neutrophils increased transiently on day 3 RI in the collateral-dependent zone (CZ) of @entity1 @entity0 but remained elevated in JCR @entity0 paralleling @entity6 expression. @entity6 downregulation by antimiR-21 induced neutrophil apoptosis and decreased @entity4 and @entity4 / @entity5 dimers (~75%) while increasing @entity5 / @entity5 dimers, cytochrome c release and caspase activation (~70%, 400% and 400%). AntimiR-21 also improved CCG in JCR @entity0 (~60%). Preventing neutrophil infiltration with blocking antibodies resulted in equivalent CCG recovery confirming a major role for deregulated neutrophil apoptosis in CCG impairment. Neutrophil and @entity6 -dependent CCG inhibition was in significant part mediated by increased oxidative stress. We conclude that neutrophil apoptosis is integral to normal CCG, and that inappropriate, prolonged @entity6 -mediated survival of neutrophils plays a major role in impaired CCG, in part via oxidative stress generation.

title: @entity6 -mediated decreased neutrophil apoptosis is a determinant of impaired coronary collateral growth in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We sought to evaluate the outcome of @entity4 ( @entity3 ) treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) (Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden) as a primary treatment as well as an adjunct therapy. GKRS has emerged as an important treatment option for intracranial @entity3 . However, the long term outcome of GKRS on @entity3 is not well understood. We performed a retrospective review of 85 @entity0 with @entity3 from 2000-2012 who received GKRS. Out of 85 @entity0 , 13 had undergone prior embolization. The study population was monitored clinically and radiographically after GKRS treatment. Outcome following GKRS for intracranial @entity3 showed significant variations in nidus obliteration (obliteration in 67 [79%] @entity0 and increase of nidus size on MRI in 18 [21%] @entity0 ). The median time to nidus obliteration was 31 months. Overall two (2.3%) @entity0 had @entity2 and the annual bleeding risk was 1.6% after GKRS. Predictive factors for obliteration of the nidus in @entity0 with @entity3 were low @entity3 score, Spetzler-Martin grade I-III and female sex. Seventeen (20%) and one (1.17%) @entity0 underwent repeat GKRS and resection, respectively, after initial GKRS, due to increased size of the nidus and GKRS related cyst formation. Thus, GKRS offers a high obliteration rate of @entity3 , low risk of @entity2 and @entity1 , both as primary modality and as an adjunctive treatment. Therefore, GKRS is an effective treatment option for new @entity0 with @entity3 as well as an adjuvant therapy in @entity0 with recurrent @entity3 .

title: Clinical outcome and complications of gamma knife radiosurgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: From 1971-1986, 24 @entity0 were diagnosed as having @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and 22 @entity0 had laparotomy. Of this group, gross @entity1 was identified in 15 of 22 @entity0 . Ten of 15 @entity0 had resection of their @entity4 with the specific aim of curing the disease. This group had responded favorably to either @entity2 or @entity3 before operation. Preoperative transhepatic portal venous sampling (PVS) with @entity5 determinations was performed in six @entity0 ; three @entity0 had this procedure twice. The @entity1 was correctly localized by PVS in five of six @entity0 . In four of six @entity0 , the @entity1 was easily found at surgery. In two of six @entity0 (33%) PVS was vital to intraoperative decisions. Criteria for biochemical cure are normal periodic fasting @entity5 and @entity7 infusion tests. Of the 10 @entity0 who had resection for potential cure, two @entity0 failed within 48 hours of surgery on the basis of an elevated fasting serum @entity5 level in one @entity0 and a positive secretin infusion test in the other @entity0 . Eight @entity0 were considered cured with follow-up from 6 months through 15 years. Of the eight cured @entity0 , the @entity1 were located as follows: four were extraintestinal and extrapancreatic, four were in the duodenal wall, one @entity0 had a @entity1 located in the uncinate process of the pancreas, and one @entity1 was located in a lymph node along the lesser curve of the stomach. Two @entity0 had mobilization of the pancreas and duodenum for a "blind" pancreatoduodenectomy based on preoperative PVS (2 procedures each @entity0 ). In one @entity0 a 3-mm @entity4 was enucleated from the posterior uncinate process. The second @entity0 had pancreatoduodenectomy with findings of two duodenal wall @entity4 . Both @entity0 remained cured of @entity6 beyond 2 years. It is concluded that PVS does indeed locate some @entity1 before operation, even those not easily found at surgery. @entity6 can be cured by an aggressive approach combining preoperative @entity1 localization and @entity1 resection. Of the eight @entity0 biochemically and perhaps biologically cured, follow-up was greater than four years in five @entity0 , greater than two years in two @entity0 , and beyond six months in one @entity0 .

title: Localization and resection of @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: From 1971-1986, 24 @entity0 were diagnosed as having @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and 22 @entity0 had laparotomy. Of this group, gross @entity1 was identified in 15 of 22 @entity0 . Ten of 15 @entity0 had resection of their @entity4 with the specific aim of curing the disease. This group had responded favorably to either @entity2 or @entity3 before operation. Preoperative transhepatic portal venous sampling (PVS) with @entity5 determinations was performed in six @entity0 ; three @entity0 had this procedure twice. The @entity1 was correctly localized by PVS in five of six @entity0 . In four of six @entity0 , the @entity1 was easily found at surgery. In two of six @entity0 (33%) PVS was vital to intraoperative decisions. Criteria for biochemical cure are normal periodic fasting @entity5 and @entity7 infusion tests. Of the 10 @entity0 who had resection for potential cure, two @entity0 failed within 48 hours of surgery on the basis of an elevated fasting serum @entity5 level in one @entity0 and a positive secretin infusion test in the other @entity0 . Eight @entity0 were considered cured with follow-up from 6 months through 15 years. Of the eight cured @entity0 , the @entity1 were located as follows: four were extraintestinal and extrapancreatic, four were in the duodenal wall, one @entity0 had a @entity1 located in the uncinate process of the pancreas, and one @entity1 was located in a lymph node along the lesser curve of the stomach. Two @entity0 had mobilization of the pancreas and duodenum for a "blind" pancreatoduodenectomy based on preoperative PVS (2 procedures each @entity0 ). In one @entity0 a 3-mm @entity4 was enucleated from the posterior uncinate process. The second @entity0 had pancreatoduodenectomy with findings of two duodenal wall @entity4 . Both @entity0 remained cured of @entity6 beyond 2 years. It is concluded that PVS does indeed locate some @entity1 before operation, even those not easily found at surgery. @entity6 can be cured by an aggressive approach combining preoperative @entity1 localization and @entity1 resection. Of the eight @entity0 biochemically and perhaps biologically cured, follow-up was greater than four years in five @entity0 , greater than two years in two @entity0 , and beyond six months in one @entity0 .

title: Localization and resection of XXXX in @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) chicks less than 3 mo age are observed to experience a high mortality rate that is often associated with @entity2 . This study was undertaken to investigate the infectious bacteria implicated in @entity5 @entity1 @entity2 . Postmortems were performed on 122 @entity5 chicks aged from 1 d to 3 mo and intestinal samples were subjected to bacterial culture. Bacterial isolates were typed by PCR and serotyping. @entity0 (E. coli; 49%) was the most frequently isolated from the samples followed by @entity3 ( @entity3 ; 20%), Enterococcus spp. (16%), and @entity4 spp. (7%). Of the @entity0 , 39% were categorized as enteropathogenic @entity0 , 4% enterotoxigenic @entity0 , and no enterohaemorrhagic @entity0 were found. The majority (93%) of @entity3 was Type A and only 7% was Type E. @entity3 Types B through D were not present. The @entity6 gene that encodes @entity6 toxin was identified from 16% of the @entity3 isolated. All the @entity3 Type E harbored the @entity6 gene and just 10% of the @entity3 Type A had this gene. Three @entity4 serotypes were identified: @entity4 Muenchen (S. Muenchen; 80%), S. Hayindongo (13%), and S. Othmarschen (7%). The indication is that the cause of @entity2 in @entity5 chicks is bacterial-involving: enteropathogenic @entity0 and enterotoxigenic @entity0 ; C. perfringens Types A and E (with the possible influence of @entity6 gene); and S. Muenchen, S. Hayindongo, and S. Othmarschen.

title: Bacterial enteritis in XXXX ( @entity5 ) chicks in the Western Cape Province, South Africa.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) chicks less than 3 mo age are observed to experience a high mortality rate that is often associated with @entity2 . This study was undertaken to investigate the infectious bacteria implicated in @entity5 @entity1 @entity2 . Postmortems were performed on 122 @entity5 chicks aged from 1 d to 3 mo and intestinal samples were subjected to bacterial culture. Bacterial isolates were typed by PCR and serotyping. @entity0 (E. coli; 49%) was the most frequently isolated from the samples followed by @entity3 ( @entity3 ; 20%), Enterococcus spp. (16%), and @entity4 spp. (7%). Of the @entity0 , 39% were categorized as enteropathogenic @entity0 , 4% enterotoxigenic @entity0 , and no enterohaemorrhagic @entity0 were found. The majority (93%) of @entity3 was Type A and only 7% was Type E. @entity3 Types B through D were not present. The @entity6 gene that encodes @entity6 toxin was identified from 16% of the @entity3 isolated. All the @entity3 Type E harbored the @entity6 gene and just 10% of the @entity3 Type A had this gene. Three @entity4 serotypes were identified: @entity4 Muenchen (S. Muenchen; 80%), S. Hayindongo (13%), and S. Othmarschen (7%). The indication is that the cause of @entity2 in @entity5 chicks is bacterial-involving: enteropathogenic @entity0 and enterotoxigenic @entity0 ; C. perfringens Types A and E (with the possible influence of @entity6 gene); and S. Muenchen, S. Hayindongo, and S. Othmarschen.

title: Bacterial enteritis in @entity5 ( XXXX ) chicks in the Western Cape Province, South Africa.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Series of thermograms from 125 sequential @entity0 were analyzed to determine the usefulness of thermography as a tool for evaluating @entity2 . The stability and symmetry of thermographic patterns over time among both healthy subjects and subjects whose @entity1 remained at the same intensity across several recordings were found to be both high and consistent. This was true only if sensitivity was limited to no greater than 0.5C per color band. Greater sensitivity resulted in the creation of inconsistent asymmetrical patterns among healthy and @entity1 subjects. Thermograms were evaluated by the authors' statistical analysis of the heat patterns and by a ten-member panel of scientists. They found thermography an excellent tool for monitoring changes in @entity1 related to variations in near surface blood flow, such as those occurring during a sympathetic block. It was excellent for relating changes in near surface blood flow to changes in phantom limb @entity1 intensity. There was a good relationship between changes in @entity1 intensity and changes in symmetry of heat patterns for most of the disorders examined. Thermography had mixed usefulness in differentiating @entity1 -free from @entity1 subjects reporting knee @entity1 (test efficiency, 98%), @entity1 (efficiency, 56%). It consistently indicated @entity1 areas among @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Thermographic correlates of XXXX : analysis of 125 @entity0 incorporating evaluations by a blind panel.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Series of thermograms from 125 sequential @entity0 were analyzed to determine the usefulness of thermography as a tool for evaluating @entity2 . The stability and symmetry of thermographic patterns over time among both healthy subjects and subjects whose @entity1 remained at the same intensity across several recordings were found to be both high and consistent. This was true only if sensitivity was limited to no greater than 0.5C per color band. Greater sensitivity resulted in the creation of inconsistent asymmetrical patterns among healthy and @entity1 subjects. Thermograms were evaluated by the authors' statistical analysis of the heat patterns and by a ten-member panel of scientists. They found thermography an excellent tool for monitoring changes in @entity1 related to variations in near surface blood flow, such as those occurring during a sympathetic block. It was excellent for relating changes in near surface blood flow to changes in phantom limb @entity1 intensity. There was a good relationship between changes in @entity1 intensity and changes in symmetry of heat patterns for most of the disorders examined. Thermography had mixed usefulness in differentiating @entity1 -free from @entity1 subjects reporting knee @entity1 (test efficiency, 98%), @entity1 (efficiency, 56%). It consistently indicated @entity1 areas among @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Thermographic correlates of @entity2 : analysis of 125 XXXX incorporating evaluations by a blind panel.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The animal model of @entity5 -induced @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is used to study neuronal and behavioral changes produced by an increase in blood- @entity3 levels. Our previous report showed that chronic @entity5 administration induced @entity2 of dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons of the @entity7 dorsal hippocampus. In addition, we showed that Cerebrolysin (Cbl), a neurotrophic peptide mixture, reduces the @entity2 in animal models of aging. This study aimed to determine whether Cbl was capable of reducing behavioral and neuronal alterations, after 6 weeks of @entity8 in @entity1 ( @entity5 -induced @entity0 ). The levels of @entity3 in the blood were evaluated before and after @entity5 administration and only animals with more than 240 mg/dL of blood-levels of @entity3 were used. After @entity5 treatment, the @entity1 received 6 weeks of Cbl, locomotor activity was measured and dendritic morphological changes were evaluated using Golgi-Cox stain procedure, and analyzed by the Sholl method. In @entity1 treated with @entity5 there was a clear reduction in the dendritic length of pyramidal neurons of the @entity7 and granular cells of the dental gyrus of the dorsal hippocampus. Interestingly, @entity4 reversed the morphological changes induced by @entity5 . Our results extend the list of abnormal morphological changes detected in this model of @entity6 , and support the possibility that Cbl may have beneficial effects in the management of brain alterations induced by @entity6 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Cerebrolysin reverses hippocampal XXXX in a @entity1 model of @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The animal model of @entity5 -induced @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is used to study neuronal and behavioral changes produced by an increase in blood- @entity3 levels. Our previous report showed that chronic @entity5 administration induced @entity2 of dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons of the @entity7 dorsal hippocampus. In addition, we showed that Cerebrolysin (Cbl), a neurotrophic peptide mixture, reduces the @entity2 in animal models of aging. This study aimed to determine whether Cbl was capable of reducing behavioral and neuronal alterations, after 6 weeks of @entity8 in @entity1 ( @entity5 -induced @entity0 ). The levels of @entity3 in the blood were evaluated before and after @entity5 administration and only animals with more than 240 mg/dL of blood-levels of @entity3 were used. After @entity5 treatment, the @entity1 received 6 weeks of Cbl, locomotor activity was measured and dendritic morphological changes were evaluated using Golgi-Cox stain procedure, and analyzed by the Sholl method. In @entity1 treated with @entity5 there was a clear reduction in the dendritic length of pyramidal neurons of the @entity7 and granular cells of the dental gyrus of the dorsal hippocampus. Interestingly, @entity4 reversed the morphological changes induced by @entity5 . Our results extend the list of abnormal morphological changes detected in this model of @entity6 , and support the possibility that Cbl may have beneficial effects in the management of brain alterations induced by @entity6 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Cerebrolysin reverses hippocampal @entity2 in a @entity1 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The animal model of @entity5 -induced @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is used to study neuronal and behavioral changes produced by an increase in blood- @entity3 levels. Our previous report showed that chronic @entity5 administration induced @entity2 of dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons of the @entity7 dorsal hippocampus. In addition, we showed that Cerebrolysin (Cbl), a neurotrophic peptide mixture, reduces the @entity2 in animal models of aging. This study aimed to determine whether Cbl was capable of reducing behavioral and neuronal alterations, after 6 weeks of @entity8 in @entity1 ( @entity5 -induced @entity0 ). The levels of @entity3 in the blood were evaluated before and after @entity5 administration and only animals with more than 240 mg/dL of blood-levels of @entity3 were used. After @entity5 treatment, the @entity1 received 6 weeks of Cbl, locomotor activity was measured and dendritic morphological changes were evaluated using Golgi-Cox stain procedure, and analyzed by the Sholl method. In @entity1 treated with @entity5 there was a clear reduction in the dendritic length of pyramidal neurons of the @entity7 and granular cells of the dental gyrus of the dorsal hippocampus. Interestingly, @entity4 reversed the morphological changes induced by @entity5 . Our results extend the list of abnormal morphological changes detected in this model of @entity6 , and support the possibility that Cbl may have beneficial effects in the management of brain alterations induced by @entity6 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Cerebrolysin reverses hippocampal @entity2 in a XXXX model of @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In the past 18 years the Nissen fundoplication has undergone a few modifications and changes in our institution and all over the world. The aim of this study is to review the long-term (up to 20 years) results of Nissen fundoplication in 350 @entity0 and to evaluate the effect of major modifications in the technique of fundoplication in these @entity0 . Three hundred fifty @entity0 with symptomatic chronic @entity1 have been treated with Nissen fundoplication in our institution since 1966. They were divided into four groups: @entity0 who had a long, tight fundoplication; @entity0 who had a short, floppy fundoplication; @entity0 with crural approximation; and @entity0 without crural approximation. The preoperative and postoperative findings of these @entity0 were evaluated in each group. Group 1 had more immediate and long-term @entity3 compared with group 2. Also, "gas bloat" syndrome was more prevalent in group 1 than group 2. The location of Nissen fundoplication (chest or abdomen) or the addition of @entity2 repair did not change the outcome. In @entity0 with intact Nissen fundoplications, their @entity4 healed, and their symptoms disappeared. The rate of recurrence of symptoms was 5%. Recurrence of symptoms was associated with disruption of the fundoplication, which usually happened within the first two years after operation.

title: Long-term follow-up for treatment of complicated chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Prior work indicates that plasma tricyclic levels obtained 24 hours after a single dose correlate well with steady state levels achieved. Although this suggests that 24-hour levels could be used to predict the dose needed to reach a desired plasma level, this method has seldom been tested prospectively. In the current study we test this strategy and determine @entity0 ' tolerance of rapid dose adjustment. First, the relationship of 24-hour levels and steady state levels in a sample of 16 inpatients was determined using a fixed dose paradigm. In a second sample of 26 @entity1 inpatients, plasma @entity2 levels obtained 24 hours after a single test dose were applied to the regression equation derived from the first sample in order to estimate the dose needed to achieve a steady state level of 140 ng/ml. Once determined, the full dose was then rapidly administered. Sixteen of the 18 (89%) @entity0 who completed the dose adjustment study had steady state drug concentrations within a target range of 125 to 300 ng/ml. This distribution of levels differed significantly from that previously reported for a fixed dose sample in which only 19 of 83 (23%) @entity0 had levels within this range. Dose adjustment using 24-hour levels was well tolerated and should help to attain a more rapid response to antidepressant treatment. This has important implications for reducing lengths of hospitalization for @entity1 inpatients. The technique should also prove useful in research where a uniform plasma level paradigm is desirable.

title: Rapid XXXX dose adjustment using 24-hour levels.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes a @entity1 known as glanders in equids and @entity0 and a lymphatic infection known as farcy, primarily in equids. With the potential to infect @entity0 by the respiratory route, aerosol exposure can result in severe, occasionally fatal, @entity1 . Today, @entity2 in @entity0 are rare, likely due to less frequent contact with infected equids than in the past. Acutely ill @entity0 often have nonspecific clinical signs and in order to diagnose cases, especially in scenarios of multiple cases in an unexpected setting, rapid diagnostics for @entity4 may be critical. The pathogenesis of acute glanders in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was studied as an initial effort to improve diagnostic methods. In the study described here, the diagnostic techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture, and histopathology were compared. The results indicate that PCR may provide rapid, non-invasive diagnosis of glanders in some cases. As expected, PCR results were positive in lung tissue in 11 of 12 acutely infected @entity3 , but more importantly in terms of diagnostic algorithm development, PCR results were frequently positive in non-invasive samples such as broncho-alveolar lavage or nasal swabs (7/12) and occasionally in blood (3/12). On the other hand, conventional bacterial culture failed to recover bacteria in many of these samples. The study shows that the clinical presentation of aerosol exposed @entity3 is similar to descriptions of @entity0 glanders and that PCR has potential for rapid diagnosis of outbreaks, if not individual cases.

title: Pathological findings and diagnostic implications of a @entity3 (Macacca mulatta) model of aerosol-exposure to XXXX (glanders).

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes a @entity1 known as glanders in equids and @entity0 and a lymphatic infection known as farcy, primarily in equids. With the potential to infect @entity0 by the respiratory route, aerosol exposure can result in severe, occasionally fatal, @entity1 . Today, @entity2 in @entity0 are rare, likely due to less frequent contact with infected equids than in the past. Acutely ill @entity0 often have nonspecific clinical signs and in order to diagnose cases, especially in scenarios of multiple cases in an unexpected setting, rapid diagnostics for @entity4 may be critical. The pathogenesis of acute glanders in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was studied as an initial effort to improve diagnostic methods. In the study described here, the diagnostic techniques of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture, and histopathology were compared. The results indicate that PCR may provide rapid, non-invasive diagnosis of glanders in some cases. As expected, PCR results were positive in lung tissue in 11 of 12 acutely infected @entity3 , but more importantly in terms of diagnostic algorithm development, PCR results were frequently positive in non-invasive samples such as broncho-alveolar lavage or nasal swabs (7/12) and occasionally in blood (3/12). On the other hand, conventional bacterial culture failed to recover bacteria in many of these samples. The study shows that the clinical presentation of aerosol exposed @entity3 is similar to descriptions of @entity0 glanders and that PCR has potential for rapid diagnosis of outbreaks, if not individual cases.

title: Pathological findings and diagnostic implications of a XXXX (Macacca mulatta) model of aerosol-exposure to @entity4 (glanders).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 -based chemotherapy is considered to be a radiosensitizer; however, conventional short-course radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy is generally thought to not be feasible because of the prevalence of side effects. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of modified short-course radiotherapy combined with a chemoradiosensitizer for @entity1 . DESIGN AND SETTINGS: This study was retrospective in nature and used a prospectively collected database. @entity0 : @entity0 with @entity1 located below the peritoneum reflection were selected. INTERVENTIONS: A total dose of 25 Gy of radiotherapy was administered in 10 fractions of 2.5 Gy each for 5 days. Radiotherapy was performed with S-1 as a radiosensitizer from day 1 to day 10. Surgery was targeted to be performed 4 weeks after radiotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The morbidity, sphincter-preserving rate, anal function, and long-term outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: All @entity0 (n = 170) completed the radiotherapy regimen and 166 (97.6%) completed the combination regimen with chemotherapy. A total of 149 @entity0 (87.6%) had sphincter-preserving surgery (double stapling technique (DST), 58 @entity0 ; intersphincteric resection (ISR), 91 @entity0 ), and @entity2 were relatively mild ( @entity3 , 15.4%; @entity4 , 8.2%). Among those undergoing sphincter preserving surgery, the 5-year local relapse-free survival rate was 94.3% in the DST group, and 89.8% in the ISR group. With respect to the anal function, the Wexner score the first year after stoma closure for the double-stapling technique group was 6 and that for intersphincteric resection was 15; however, the score for the intersphincteric resection group was improved to 8 at 4 years after stoma closure. LIMITATIONS: This study had limitations because it was an uncontrolled, 1-arm, retrospective review with a small sample size. CONCLUSIONS: Modified short-course radiotherapy combined with chemoradiosensitizer is a feasible approach for treating @entity1 . With the use of the short-course approach, efforts to reduce the incidence of side effects by appropriately prolonging the waiting period enable the administration of combination treatment with short-course radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

title: Feasibility of modified short-course radiotherapy combined with a chemoradiosensitizer for t3 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgical management of cryptoglandular fistulas is a challenge because the consequences of anal surgery potentially include @entity5 and impaired quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To assess factors associated with @entity5 after surgery for simple and @entity1 and to determine the impact of @entity3 on quality of life. DESIGN: The design is retrospective and cross-sectional. SETTINGS: This study was conducted at an academic tertiary center and at a private center specializing in proctologic surgery. @entity0 : All @entity0 who underwent preoperative endoanal ultrasound for cryptoglandular @entity1 between 2002 and 2012. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A questionnaire was sent out in October 2013 to evaluate @entity3 (Wexner-score) and its impact on quality of life (FIQL). Variables tested for association were @entity0 demographics, @entity1 type, number of incised abscesses (0, 1, >1), number of fistulotomies (0, 1, >1) and number of sphincter-sparing procedures (0, 1, >1). RESULTS: Of the 141 @entity0 participating, 116 (82%; 76 @entity0 , 40 @entity0 ) returned all the questionnaires. Median follow-up from the first perianal @entity1 surgery was 7.8 years (range, 2.1-18.1 years). Thirty-nine @entity0 (34%) experienced @entity3 . @entity4 , multiple abscess drainages and a high transsphincteric or suprasphincteric @entity1 tract were associated with @entity3 . As compared to simple @entity1 (Wexner score, 1.2 [SD, 2.1]), @entity3 was worse after surgery for complex @entity1 (Wexner score, 4.7 [SD, 6.2], p = 0.001), as were quality of life elements, including lifestyle (p = 0.030), @entity2 (p = 0.077) and embarrassment (p < 0.001). LIMITATIONS: Mainly retrospective design without a standardized treatment protocol. CONCLUSION: @entity4 is the strongest risk factor for @entity5 . The severity of @entity3 increases with the complexity of the @entity1 , negatively influencing quality of life. Special attention should be paid to these @entity0 so as to mitigate symptoms later in life. A shift to sphincter-sparing procedures appears warranted.

title: Long-term Follow-up After Surgery for XXXX : Fecal Incontinence and Impact on Quality of Life.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 is an auto-immune disease that carries a risk of @entity0 when the number of platelets drops to lower than 50 X 10(9)/l and particularly when the bleeding time is prolonged. @entity1 and pregnancy can be associated with one another and the frequency of that is about 1/5000. Maternal mortality and morbidity are, however, practically nil when proper therapeutic measures are taken. Since 1981 IG IV, which is expensive but rapidly effective, is available to overcome corticotherapeutic failures and to avoid splenectomy in acute cases. Since the maternal anti-platelet factor can cross the placenta, the fetus may become @entity1 like the mother and at risk of the complications of @entity0 and particularly intra-cranial @entity0 during delivery vaginally. Screening for fetuses that are affected (52% of the cases) is now possible, not by relying on the maternal platelet count, which is without any prognostic value for the fetus, nor on the levels of anti-platelet antibodies but on the use of examining fetal scalp capillary blood at the onset of labour. This test may make it possible to carry out a vaginal delivery safely when the fetal platelet count is higher than 50 X 10(9)l, whereas if it is lower than this figure a prophylactic caesarean operation should be carried out. There is much promise in the possibility of sampling blood in the fetal cord using ultrasound techniques. In a small number of cases that has already made it possible to diagnose the condition of @entity1 in the fetus even before labour has started. It may in the future even make it possible to carry out treatment of the fetus in utero followed by a normal delivery, whether the treatment is carried out by treating the mother or directing platelets or better still IG IV directly into the fetal circulation.

title: [ XXXX and pregnancy].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mitochondrial DNA was found to be highly mutated in @entity2 cells. One of the key molecules involved in the maintenance of the mitochondrial genome is the nuclear-encoded polymerase gamma. The aim of our study was to determine if there is a link between polymorphisms within the polymerase gamma gene ( @entity5 ) and somatic mutations within the mitochondrial genome in @entity1 cells. We investigated @entity5 sequence variability in 50 @entity2 @entity0 whose complete mitochondrial genome sequences were determined. Relative mtDNA copy number was also determined. We identified 251 sequence variants in the @entity5 gene. Most of them were germline-specific (   92%). Twenty-one somatic changes in @entity5 were found in 10 @entity2 @entity0 . We have found no association between the occurrence of mtDNA somatic mutations and the somatically occurring variants in @entity5 . MtDNA content was reduced in @entity0 carrying somatic variants in @entity5 or germline @entity3 variants located in the region encoding the @entity5 polymerase domain, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Our findings suggest that somatic mtDNA mutations occurring in @entity2 are not a consequence of somatic mutations in @entity5 . Nevertheless, @entity5 @entity3 variants may lead to a decrease in mtDNA content, and consequently result in @entity4 .

title: Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase y Mutations and Their Implications in mtDNA Alterations in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The role of stress ulcer prophylaxis in increasing the risk of @entity1 in ventilator @entity0 was analyzed prospectively in 142 artificially ventilated @entity0 at a medical and surgical intensive care unit (104 males, 38 females, mean time of ventilation 7.9 days, mean age 46.5 years). The pH of gastric aspirate and bacterial counts in gastric fluid and tracheal secretions were investigated daily. Identical isolates from gastric aspirates and tracheal secretions were typed by agglutination, @entity3 , or phage typing. An average of 2.1 bacterial species were isolated in 80.5% of all gastric aspirates. Bacterial counts increased with rising gastric aspirate pH, which was especially true for Gram-negative and less so for Gram-positive organisms; colony counts of Candida sp. decreased slightly. In 31.6% of @entity0 identical bacterial species were first isolated from gastric aspirates and 1 to 2 days later from tracheal secretions. Of these microbes that were first isolated from gastric aspirate and later from tracheal secretions, 50.3% were Gram-negative, 37.5% Gram-positive, and only 4.2% Candida sp. One-half of all bacterial @entity2 occurred between the 2nd and 7th day of ventilation; 80% occurred within 11 days of ventilation. Only 20% of all migrations of Gram-positive organisms from stomach to respiratory tract lead to @entity1 , as compared with 60% of Gram-negatives. At a gastric pH below 3.4 the incidence of ventilation @entity1 was 40.6%; above pH 5.0 the incidence was 69.2% (P less than or equal to 0.05). As pH increased, the organism causing @entity1 was significantly more often isolated first from the gastric aspirate and 1 to 2 days later from the tracheal secretion of the same @entity0 .

title: [The effect of stress ulcer prevention on the incidence of XXXX in artificial respiration].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In contrast with normal cells, most of the @entity1 cells depend on aerobic glycolysis for energy production in the form of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) bypassing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, compared to normal cells, @entity1 cells exhibit higher consumption of @entity2 with higher production of @entity5 . Again, higher rate of glycolysis provides the necessary glycolytic intermediary precursors for DNA, protein and lipid synthesis to maintain high active proliferation of the @entity1 cells. In this scenario, classical control theory based approach may be useful to explore the altered dynamics of the @entity1 cells. Since the dynamics of the @entity1 cells is different from that of the normal cells, understanding their dynamics may lead to development of novel therapeutic strategies. METHOD: We have developed a model based on the state space equations of classical control theory along with an order reduction technique to mimic the actual dynamic behavior of @entity0 central @entity3 metabolic (CCM) pathway in normal cells. Here, we have modified Michaelis Menten kinetic equation to incorporate feedback mechanism along with perturbations and cross talks associated with a metabolic pathway. Furthermore, we have perturbed the proposed model to reduce the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Thereafter, we have connected proportional-integral (PI) controller(s) with the model for tuning it to behave like the CCM pathway of a @entity1 cell. This methodology allows one to track the altered dynamics mediated by different enzymes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: The proposed model successfully mimics all the probable dynamics of the CCM pathway in normal cells. Moreover, experimental results demonstrate that in @entity1 cells, a coordination among enzymes catalyzing @entity7 pathway and intermediate glycolytic enzymes along with switching of @entity6 kinase (M2 isoform) plays an important role to maintain their altered dynamics.

title: Exploring the Altered Dynamics of @entity0 Central XXXX Metabolic Pathway in Cancer Cells: A Classical Control Theoretic Approach.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In contrast with normal cells, most of the @entity1 cells depend on aerobic glycolysis for energy production in the form of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) bypassing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, compared to normal cells, @entity1 cells exhibit higher consumption of @entity2 with higher production of @entity5 . Again, higher rate of glycolysis provides the necessary glycolytic intermediary precursors for DNA, protein and lipid synthesis to maintain high active proliferation of the @entity1 cells. In this scenario, classical control theory based approach may be useful to explore the altered dynamics of the @entity1 cells. Since the dynamics of the @entity1 cells is different from that of the normal cells, understanding their dynamics may lead to development of novel therapeutic strategies. METHOD: We have developed a model based on the state space equations of classical control theory along with an order reduction technique to mimic the actual dynamic behavior of @entity0 central @entity3 metabolic (CCM) pathway in normal cells. Here, we have modified Michaelis Menten kinetic equation to incorporate feedback mechanism along with perturbations and cross talks associated with a metabolic pathway. Furthermore, we have perturbed the proposed model to reduce the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Thereafter, we have connected proportional-integral (PI) controller(s) with the model for tuning it to behave like the CCM pathway of a @entity1 cell. This methodology allows one to track the altered dynamics mediated by different enzymes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: The proposed model successfully mimics all the probable dynamics of the CCM pathway in normal cells. Moreover, experimental results demonstrate that in @entity1 cells, a coordination among enzymes catalyzing @entity7 pathway and intermediate glycolytic enzymes along with switching of @entity6 kinase (M2 isoform) plays an important role to maintain their altered dynamics.

title: Exploring the Altered Dynamics of XXXX Central @entity3 Metabolic Pathway in Cancer Cells: A Classical Control Theoretic Approach.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the residual lifetime and 10 year absolute risks of @entity3 in Chinese @entity0 and @entity0 . METHODS: A validated state-transition microsimulation model was used. Microsimulation and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to address the uncertainties in the model. All parameters including @entity2 incidence rates and mortality rates were retrieved from published literature. Simulated subjects were run through the model until they died to estimate the residual lifetime @entity2 risks. A 10 year time horizon was used to determine the 10 year @entity2 risks. We estimated the risk of only the first @entity3 during the simulation time horizon. RESULTS: The residual lifetime and 10 year risks of having the first @entity3 (hip, clinical vertebral or wrist) @entity2 for Chinese @entity0 aged 50 years were 40.9% (95% CI: 38.3-44.0%) and 8.2% (95% CI: 6.8-9.3%) respectively. For @entity0 , the residual lifetime and 10 year @entity2 risks were 8.7% (95% CI: 7.5-9.8%) and 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8-1.7%) respectively. The residual lifetime @entity2 risks declined with age, whilst the 10 year @entity2 risks increased with age until the short-term mortality risks outstripped the @entity2 risks. Residual lifetime and 10 year clinical @entity2 risks were higher than those of hip and wrist @entity2 in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: More than one third of the Chinese @entity0 and approximately one tenth of the Chinese @entity0 aged 50 years are expected to sustain a major @entity3 in their remaining lifetimes. Due to increased @entity2 risks and a rapidly ageing population, @entity1 will present a great challenge to the Chinese healthcare system. LIMITATIONS: While national data was used wherever possible, regional Chinese hip and clinical @entity2 incidence rates were used, wrist @entity2 rates were taken from a Norwegian study and calibrated to the Chinese population. Other @entity2 sites like tibia, humerus, ribs and pelvis were not included in the analysis, thus these risks are likely to be underestimates. @entity2 risk factors other than age and sex were not included in the model. Point estimates were used for @entity2 incidence rates, @entity1 prevalence and mortality rates for the general population.

title: Residual lifetime and 10 year absolute risks of XXXX in Chinese @entity0 and @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the residual lifetime and 10 year absolute risks of @entity3 in Chinese @entity0 and @entity0 . METHODS: A validated state-transition microsimulation model was used. Microsimulation and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to address the uncertainties in the model. All parameters including @entity2 incidence rates and mortality rates were retrieved from published literature. Simulated subjects were run through the model until they died to estimate the residual lifetime @entity2 risks. A 10 year time horizon was used to determine the 10 year @entity2 risks. We estimated the risk of only the first @entity3 during the simulation time horizon. RESULTS: The residual lifetime and 10 year risks of having the first @entity3 (hip, clinical vertebral or wrist) @entity2 for Chinese @entity0 aged 50 years were 40.9% (95% CI: 38.3-44.0%) and 8.2% (95% CI: 6.8-9.3%) respectively. For @entity0 , the residual lifetime and 10 year @entity2 risks were 8.7% (95% CI: 7.5-9.8%) and 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8-1.7%) respectively. The residual lifetime @entity2 risks declined with age, whilst the 10 year @entity2 risks increased with age until the short-term mortality risks outstripped the @entity2 risks. Residual lifetime and 10 year clinical @entity2 risks were higher than those of hip and wrist @entity2 in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: More than one third of the Chinese @entity0 and approximately one tenth of the Chinese @entity0 aged 50 years are expected to sustain a major @entity3 in their remaining lifetimes. Due to increased @entity2 risks and a rapidly ageing population, @entity1 will present a great challenge to the Chinese healthcare system. LIMITATIONS: While national data was used wherever possible, regional Chinese hip and clinical @entity2 incidence rates were used, wrist @entity2 rates were taken from a Norwegian study and calibrated to the Chinese population. Other @entity2 sites like tibia, humerus, ribs and pelvis were not included in the analysis, thus these risks are likely to be underestimates. @entity2 risk factors other than age and sex were not included in the model. Point estimates were used for @entity2 incidence rates, @entity1 prevalence and mortality rates for the general population.

title: Residual lifetime and 10 year absolute risks of @entity3 in Chinese XXXX and @entity0 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the residual lifetime and 10 year absolute risks of @entity3 in Chinese @entity0 and @entity0 . METHODS: A validated state-transition microsimulation model was used. Microsimulation and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to address the uncertainties in the model. All parameters including @entity2 incidence rates and mortality rates were retrieved from published literature. Simulated subjects were run through the model until they died to estimate the residual lifetime @entity2 risks. A 10 year time horizon was used to determine the 10 year @entity2 risks. We estimated the risk of only the first @entity3 during the simulation time horizon. RESULTS: The residual lifetime and 10 year risks of having the first @entity3 (hip, clinical vertebral or wrist) @entity2 for Chinese @entity0 aged 50 years were 40.9% (95% CI: 38.3-44.0%) and 8.2% (95% CI: 6.8-9.3%) respectively. For @entity0 , the residual lifetime and 10 year @entity2 risks were 8.7% (95% CI: 7.5-9.8%) and 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8-1.7%) respectively. The residual lifetime @entity2 risks declined with age, whilst the 10 year @entity2 risks increased with age until the short-term mortality risks outstripped the @entity2 risks. Residual lifetime and 10 year clinical @entity2 risks were higher than those of hip and wrist @entity2 in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: More than one third of the Chinese @entity0 and approximately one tenth of the Chinese @entity0 aged 50 years are expected to sustain a major @entity3 in their remaining lifetimes. Due to increased @entity2 risks and a rapidly ageing population, @entity1 will present a great challenge to the Chinese healthcare system. LIMITATIONS: While national data was used wherever possible, regional Chinese hip and clinical @entity2 incidence rates were used, wrist @entity2 rates were taken from a Norwegian study and calibrated to the Chinese population. Other @entity2 sites like tibia, humerus, ribs and pelvis were not included in the analysis, thus these risks are likely to be underestimates. @entity2 risk factors other than age and sex were not included in the model. Point estimates were used for @entity2 incidence rates, @entity1 prevalence and mortality rates for the general population.

title: Residual lifetime and 10 year absolute risks of @entity3 in Chinese @entity0 and XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is an uncommon chronic and progressive @entity4 that can lead to severe tissue @entity2 , pathergy, @entity3 , and disfigurement if not properly and promptly diagnosed and treated. Systemic treatment traditionally consists of long-term immunosuppression. Topical care of the @entity3 wound often represents a clinical challenge. A 77-year-old @entity0 with multiple comorbidities including @entity1 was diagnosed through exclusion with refractory, @entity3 @entity6 . She was managed for 3 months by a multidisciplinary team comprised of an internist, 2 dermatologists, and a podiatric wound care specialist using immunosuppressive therapy, several local wound care modalities, and supportive bandages. During that time, severe @entity3 continued unabated and the affected area changed from 3 separate wounds measuring 1.4 cm x 1.0 cm x .01 cm, 1.2 cm x 0.5 cm x 0.1 cm, and 0.6 cm x 0.5 cm x 0.1 cm to 1 wound measuring 8.0 cm x 10.3 cm x 0.1 cm. At that time, dehydrated @entity0 amnion/chorion membrane (dHACM) allograft, previously reported to facilitate healing venous leg and @entity5 , was incorporated into the treatment plan. The @entity0 reported @entity3 decreased from 10 out of 10 to 5 out of 10 within hours following application. At the 4 day follow-up visit, she reported no @entity3 ; after 1 week, the wound decreased 6.4 cm x 9.4 cm x 0.1 cm in size and after 2 months (3 applications) the wound had reduced in area from 103 cm2 to 57.96 cm2 (reduced by more than half [56%]). In this @entity0 , following the application of dHACM as an adjunct to immunosuppressive therapy, @entity3 receded and wound healing commenced. Additional controlled studies are needed to ascertain the generalizability of this observation.

title: Dehydrated XXXX Amnion/Chorion Membrane as Adjunctive Therapy in the Multidisciplinary Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Case Report.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 occurrence despite chronic antiplatelet drug (APD) treatment is frequent. We aimed at evaluating the relevance of @entity7 testing in the identification of @entity3 etiology in this context. METHODS: @entity0 admitted for a suspected acute @entity5 , while under APD ( @entity4 and/or @entity6 ), were prospectively included. The efficacy of the APD was evaluated using a Multiplate    assay. Resistance was confirmed using light transmission aggregometry. A standardized diagnostic work-up was performed to identify @entity3 mechanism according to the TOAST and the ASCO classifications. We evaluated the influence of APD functional status on @entity3 severity and identified potential determinants of resistance. RESULTS: APD resistance was observed in 53 of the 287 @entity0 (18.5%). No difference in @entity3 mechanism depending on APD efficacy was observed. @entity0 sensitive to APD had less severe @entity3 severity (mean National Institutes of Health @entity3 Scale 3.9    5.6 vs. 7.2    6.8; p < 0.01). Main determinants for APD resistance were a worse control of the @entity1 and higher baseline levels of @entity2 (mean CRP 26.4    56.0 vs. 9.3    21.0; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Platelet function testing does not provide orientation concerning @entity3 mechanism in @entity0 who were previously on APDs. However, the high frequency of APD resistance and its association with @entity2 and @entity3 severity are confirmed.

title: Interest of Antiplatelet Drug Testing after an Acute XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The present study was designed to assess whether @entity6 requirement was significantly affected by fresh gas flow in a closed-circuit system. Sixty @entity0 scheduled for orthopaedic procedures were randomly assigned into three groups. In group A (n = 20), anaesthesia was conducted with a fresh gas flow of 482.5 +/- 186.6 ml X @entity1 , corresponding to the @entity0 's metabolic demand. In group B (n = 20), the fresh gas flow was 2000 ml X @entity1 . In group C (n = 20), it was adjusted to the ventilation minute, i.e. 7145 +/- 986 ml X @entity1 . Artificial ventilation was conducted using a tidal volume of 10 ml X kg-1 and a rate of 10 to 12 c X @entity1 . Anaesthesia was induced after 10 min denitrogenation with @entity3 (4 micrograms X kg-1), @entity5 (4 mg X kg-1) and @entity2 (0.1 mg X kg-1). FIO2 was then brought to 0.5 in @entity4 and was monitored continuously using a polarographic oxymeter. Liquid @entity6 was injected in the expiratory limb of the circuit using an electrical syringe driver. Alveolar concentration of @entity6 was set at 0.92 vol. % according to Lowe and Ernst. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student's test for means. Anaesthesia lasted 138 +/- 88.3 min in group A, 125.5 +/- 45.1 min in group B and 146.5 +/- 50 min in group C, no difference being significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Use of XXXX in a closed-circuit. Economic advantages].

answer: @entity6


abstract: The optimum management of penetrating @entity3 remains controversial. Since 1980 our institution has followed a policy of mandatory celiotomy for back and flank wounds with evidence of fascial penetration. Following this policy, 34 @entity0 underwent celiotomy for back (8), flank (22), or combined (4) area penetrating injuries. Four @entity0 sustained shotgun blasts, eight sustained handgun or @entity2 , and 22 @entity0 were stabbed. All shotgun blasts caused multiple intra-abdominal injuries and five (63%) of the eight gunshot victims had significant intra-abdominal injuries. Only one (5%) of the 22 stab victims had significant @entity4 . Four (12%) @entity0 died, three of @entity2 . One @entity0 had a @entity1 after a noncontributory abdominal examination. Based on this review, the authors recommend selective management of stab @entity3 . Gunshot wounds continue to warrant mandatory exploration.

title: Penetrating XXXX . A reassessment of mandatory celiotomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is emerging as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy for the treatment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), but the effect of @entity2 on the cognitive function of @entity0 with severe @entity1 has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to use comprehensive neuropsychological tests to determine the effect of @entity2 on cognitive function from baseline to 3 months postprocedure in @entity0 with severe @entity1 . METHODS: Thirty-one @entity0 due to undergo @entity2 due to high-grade @entity1 (>= 70%) and 11 control subjects who were diagnosed with @entity1 , but who did not undergo @entity2 , and who visited the clinic or emergency room between February 2009 and February 2012 were recruited consecutively at baseline (i.e., pre- @entity2 ). Follow-up neuropsychological evaluations after 3 months were completed by 23 of the 31 @entity0 who underwent @entity2 , and by 10 of the 11 control subjects. The primary cognitive outcome was assessed using a neuropsychological test containing subcategories designed to test general cognitive function, attention, visuospatial function, language and related functions, memory, and frontal lobe/executive function. RESULTS: Of the 23 @entity0 undergoing @entity2 who completed the 3-month follow-up tests, 12 had asymptomatic @entity1 . During the 3-month follow-up period, the @entity0 who underwent @entity2 and those with asymptomatic @entity1 achieved similar results to the control group on all cognitive tests. However, symptomatic @entity1 @entity0 (n=11) who underwent @entity2 exhibited improvements in visuospatial function (p=0.046) and total Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery-Dementia Version scores (p=0.010) in comparison with both the asymptomatic @entity1 @entity0 and the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that @entity2 has a positive effect on cognitive function in @entity0 with symptomatic @entity1 over a 3-month follow-up period. A long-term, multicenter, prospective case-control study would be helpful to predict quality of life and prognoses for @entity0 undergoing @entity2 .

title: Effect of carotid artery stenting on cognitive function in @entity0 with XXXX : a prospective, 3-month-follow-up study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is emerging as an alternative to carotid endarterectomy for the treatment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), but the effect of @entity2 on the cognitive function of @entity0 with severe @entity1 has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to use comprehensive neuropsychological tests to determine the effect of @entity2 on cognitive function from baseline to 3 months postprocedure in @entity0 with severe @entity1 . METHODS: Thirty-one @entity0 due to undergo @entity2 due to high-grade @entity1 (>= 70%) and 11 control subjects who were diagnosed with @entity1 , but who did not undergo @entity2 , and who visited the clinic or emergency room between February 2009 and February 2012 were recruited consecutively at baseline (i.e., pre- @entity2 ). Follow-up neuropsychological evaluations after 3 months were completed by 23 of the 31 @entity0 who underwent @entity2 , and by 10 of the 11 control subjects. The primary cognitive outcome was assessed using a neuropsychological test containing subcategories designed to test general cognitive function, attention, visuospatial function, language and related functions, memory, and frontal lobe/executive function. RESULTS: Of the 23 @entity0 undergoing @entity2 who completed the 3-month follow-up tests, 12 had asymptomatic @entity1 . During the 3-month follow-up period, the @entity0 who underwent @entity2 and those with asymptomatic @entity1 achieved similar results to the control group on all cognitive tests. However, symptomatic @entity1 @entity0 (n=11) who underwent @entity2 exhibited improvements in visuospatial function (p=0.046) and total Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery-Dementia Version scores (p=0.010) in comparison with both the asymptomatic @entity1 @entity0 and the control group. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that @entity2 has a positive effect on cognitive function in @entity0 with symptomatic @entity1 over a 3-month follow-up period. A long-term, multicenter, prospective case-control study would be helpful to predict quality of life and prognoses for @entity0 undergoing @entity2 .

title: Effect of carotid artery stenting on cognitive function in XXXX with @entity1 : a prospective, 3-month-follow-up study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and @entity6 , as well as cytokines, for example, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) play an important role in neuroprotection and in the control of the central nervous system (CNS) function. Reduced expression of neurotrophic factors can lead to dysregulation of neuron function and @entity2 . There is also evidence for mutual interactions between neurotrophins and @entity3 . Therefore, the up-regulating the level of neuroprotective substances is one of the key manners to control the nervous system development and function. It can be a promising aim in the therapy of @entity1 in which the decreased level of neurotrophins is observed. In our recent studies, the role of @entity5 -rich polypeptide complex (PRP) and its nonapeptide fragment (NP) in the regulation of neurotrophic activity in cultured astrocytes was shown. PRP and NP stimulate @entity0 @entity4 cell line @entity7 to release the significant amounts of NGF to the extracellular space both in its precursor and mature form. We also provide the evidence that in NP-treated cells, the level of bNGF mRNA was increased. NP-treated cells used in this study produced also increasing amounts of @entity3 . This finding indicates that PRP and its nonapeptide fragment NP up-regulate neurotrophic activity of @entity7 cell line by increase of NGF synthesis and its release into the extracellular space. It was also shown that NP-dependent increased production of @entity3 can enhance the NGF activity.

title: Neurotrophic Activity of Cultured Cell Line @entity7 is Up-Regulated by XXXX -Rich Polypeptide Complex and Its Constituent Nonapeptide.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and @entity6 , as well as cytokines, for example, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) play an important role in neuroprotection and in the control of the central nervous system (CNS) function. Reduced expression of neurotrophic factors can lead to dysregulation of neuron function and @entity2 . There is also evidence for mutual interactions between neurotrophins and @entity3 . Therefore, the up-regulating the level of neuroprotective substances is one of the key manners to control the nervous system development and function. It can be a promising aim in the therapy of @entity1 in which the decreased level of neurotrophins is observed. In our recent studies, the role of @entity5 -rich polypeptide complex (PRP) and its nonapeptide fragment (NP) in the regulation of neurotrophic activity in cultured astrocytes was shown. PRP and NP stimulate @entity0 @entity4 cell line @entity7 to release the significant amounts of NGF to the extracellular space both in its precursor and mature form. We also provide the evidence that in NP-treated cells, the level of bNGF mRNA was increased. NP-treated cells used in this study produced also increasing amounts of @entity3 . This finding indicates that PRP and its nonapeptide fragment NP up-regulate neurotrophic activity of @entity7 cell line by increase of NGF synthesis and its release into the extracellular space. It was also shown that NP-dependent increased production of @entity3 can enhance the NGF activity.

title: Neurotrophic Activity of Cultured Cell Line XXXX is Up-Regulated by @entity5 -Rich Polypeptide Complex and Its Constituent Nonapeptide.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Metastatic @entity3 is associated with a poor prognosis, and palliative chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. However, long-time survival has been observed in oligometastatic @entity0 treated with locally ablative therapies to all sites of metastatic disease. An 80-year-old @entity0 was diagnosed with an @entity4 . The right @entity2 was classified cT2aN0M0  and was treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy at the dose of 60Gy in eight fractions. A few months after, he successively presented with two brain metastases and one left adrenal metastasis, with a complete response on the @entity1 . The three secondary lesions were treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy alone. Thirty months after the diagnosis and 12months after metastases' apparition, primary and @entity2 kept controlled (complete response). Oligometastatic @entity3 management is not clear. Locally ablative therapies such as stereotactic body radiation therapy, surgery and radiofrequency are efficient and should be considered. A phase III study should evaluate radical treatment strategies in such @entity0 .

title: [Stereotactic body radiation radiotherapy for oligometastatic @entity3 ( XXXX ): A case report].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Metastatic @entity3 is associated with a poor prognosis, and palliative chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. However, long-time survival has been observed in oligometastatic @entity0 treated with locally ablative therapies to all sites of metastatic disease. An 80-year-old @entity0 was diagnosed with an @entity4 . The right @entity2 was classified cT2aN0M0  and was treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy at the dose of 60Gy in eight fractions. A few months after, he successively presented with two brain metastases and one left adrenal metastasis, with a complete response on the @entity1 . The three secondary lesions were treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy alone. Thirty months after the diagnosis and 12months after metastases' apparition, primary and @entity2 kept controlled (complete response). Oligometastatic @entity3 management is not clear. Locally ablative therapies such as stereotactic body radiation therapy, surgery and radiofrequency are efficient and should be considered. A phase III study should evaluate radical treatment strategies in such @entity0 .

title: [Stereotactic body radiation radiotherapy for oligometastatic XXXX ( @entity3 ): A case report].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nocturnal shoulder @entity3 resulting in poor @entity1 is a common finding in @entity0 with @entity2 . The purpose of this paper was to describe and to compare the @entity1 , @entity3 , and function in adult subjects who have been diagnosed with rotator cuff disorders, @entity4 , or @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: @entity0 completed a clinical assessment and comprehensive questionnaire regarding their current medical health history, shoulder symptoms, and impact of their symptoms on activities of daily living and quality of sleep. RESULTS: The study analyzed 343 @entity0 with an average age of 57.4  years. The mean Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score for @entity5 was 34%, which was significantly lower than the score for the @entity6 group of 53% (P  =  .007). The mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scale score for @entity5 was 38, which was also significantly lower than the score for the @entity6 group of 51 (P  =  .007). There were no significant differences in @entity3 , with mean scores ranging from 4.90 to 5.82 for diagnostic subgroups on a visual analog scale (P  =  .28). Sleep quality was significantly poorer in the @entity5 group (P  =  .008), with a mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of 12.07. Specific subcomponents of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index that had a significant impact on sleep interruption included @entity1 , sleep duration, and habitual sleep efficiency in the @entity5 group (P  <  .05). CONCLUSION: This study shows that whereas many @entity0 with @entity2 may have sleep-related issues, @entity0 with @entity5 are particularly vulnerable to reduced @entity1 .

title: Sleep quality and XXXX in @entity0 with shoulder disorders.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nocturnal shoulder @entity3 resulting in poor @entity1 is a common finding in @entity0 with @entity2 . The purpose of this paper was to describe and to compare the @entity1 , @entity3 , and function in adult subjects who have been diagnosed with rotator cuff disorders, @entity4 , or @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: @entity0 completed a clinical assessment and comprehensive questionnaire regarding their current medical health history, shoulder symptoms, and impact of their symptoms on activities of daily living and quality of sleep. RESULTS: The study analyzed 343 @entity0 with an average age of 57.4  years. The mean Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation score for @entity5 was 34%, which was significantly lower than the score for the @entity6 group of 53% (P  =  .007). The mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scale score for @entity5 was 38, which was also significantly lower than the score for the @entity6 group of 51 (P  =  .007). There were no significant differences in @entity3 , with mean scores ranging from 4.90 to 5.82 for diagnostic subgroups on a visual analog scale (P  =  .28). Sleep quality was significantly poorer in the @entity5 group (P  =  .008), with a mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of 12.07. Specific subcomponents of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index that had a significant impact on sleep interruption included @entity1 , sleep duration, and habitual sleep efficiency in the @entity5 group (P  <  .05). CONCLUSION: This study shows that whereas many @entity0 with @entity2 may have sleep-related issues, @entity0 with @entity5 are particularly vulnerable to reduced @entity1 .

title: Sleep quality and @entity3 in XXXX with shoulder disorders.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Olecranon @entity3 are common in elderly @entity0 , causing significant @entity1 . Traditional surgical treatments are often complicated by hardware failure and prominence, frequently requiring reoperation. To address these concerns, a suture anchor fixation technique was developed and clinically evaluated. METHODS: A consecutive series of elderly @entity0 treated with this technique from 2006 to 2013 at a single institution were studied. All cases were surgically repaired with nonmetallic fully threaded suture anchors in a double-row fashion. Clinical outcome measures including the shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score, the Oxford Elbow Score, and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey score were obtained. RESULTS: Eight female @entity0 with Mayo IIA or IIB @entity3 were identified. The mean age of the @entity0 at time of operation was 73.5      10.7  years (range, 59.3-88.8  years). The average time from @entity2 was 5.7     3.7  days. The average follow-up was 5.1     2.5  years (range, 0.8-7.4  years). Six @entity0 were available for long-term follow-up; 1 @entity0 had died, and 1 @entity0 was unable to be contacted despite multiple attempts. There were no intraoperative complications or reoperations. All 8 @entity0 healed uneventfully in an acceptable position without displacement. Postoperatively, the average Oxford Elbow Score was 47.17      2.04; the average shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score was 6.43      9.47; and the average 12-Item Short Form Health Survey scores were 49.02      16.59 and 55.38      4.05 for the physical and mental component scales, respectively. CONCLUSION: Suture anchor fixation of @entity3 in the elderly population provides excellent long-term radiographic and clinical outcomes without hardware complications associated with traditional fixation methods.

title: Suture anchor fixation of displaced XXXX in the elderly: a case series and surgical technique.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: We recently published analyses regarding the predictive performance of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, submitted to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), for the effect of cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitors on the pharmacokinetics of substrate drugs. We now analyze and summarize the predictive performance of PBPK models for the effect of @entity3 inducers on a substrate's pharmacokinetics. METHODS: This analysis was based on 11 substrate PBPK models, developed by six sponsors, using a commercial PBPK software, with 13 clinical interaction studies. Four @entity3 inducers were used: @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity2 , and @entity0 . Sponsors either directly used the software-provided inducer models or verified these models' induction magnitude prior to use. The metric for assessing predictive performance was the R predicted/observed value [R predicted/observed  =  (predicted mean exposure ratio)/(observed mean exposure ratio)], with the exposure ratio defined as maximum plasma concentration (C max) or area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) with and without an inducer. RESULTS: In 77  % (10/13; AUCR) and 83  % (10/12; C max R) of the cases, the R predicted/observed values were within 1.25-fold of the observed data. Cases with R predicted/observed values >1.25-fold (>twofold for all three AUCR) were under-predictions as a result of using the PBPK software's default @entity1 model. Improved predictions were observed when the @entity1 model was modified by increasing the induction potency. CONCLUSION: Based on submissions to the FDA, and similar to our previous findings for CYP inhibition, we observed good agreement between PBPK-predicted and observed effect of @entity3 inducers on substrate pharmacokinetics. Verification of the inducer model appears to be crucial for improved predictive performance.

title: Predicting the Effect of XXXX Inducers on the Pharmacokinetics of Substrate Drugs Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling: An Analysis of PBPK Submissions to the US FDA.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adult isolated ulnar shaft @entity2 (IUSFs) are uncommon, and treatment remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare results of operative (reduction internal fixation (RIF)) and nonoperative treatment (NOT) in @entity0 with IUSF. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective case-control analysis was undertaken on @entity0 diagnosed with IUSF between 2002 and 2008 at a Level I teaching @entity1 center. Clinical outcomes consisted of complications and functional ability. RESULTS: Seventy @entity0 had a mean age of 44.6 years (18-86) and a body mass index (BMI) of 27.9 (17-47). The mechanism of injury included high-energy injuries (60/70, 85.7%), low-energy falls (8/70, 11.4%), and sports (2/70, 2.9%). Treatment consisted of 33/70 (47.1%) NOT and 37/70 (52.9%) RIF. The AO/OTA fracture classification was 48 A1, 20 B2, and two C1. The level of activity (LOA) was 60 without restrictions, six with restrictions, and three who did not return to work. The function determined by range of motion was 55/70 (78.6%) full, 11 slightly limited, and one severely limited. A total of 14 nonunions (NUs) and 17 malunions (MUs) occurred. NOT was associated with NU (  (2)=0.001) and MU (  (2)=0.000), respectively. @entity2 angulation >= 8   was related to the inability to return to previous LOA (  =0.406, p=0.001). Secondary displacement >2mm contributed to MU (R(2)=0.238, p=0.000) and NU (R(2)=0.076, p=0.021). NU was related to a minor functional result (  =0.315, p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: IUSF treatment remains challenging in the adult population. Nonoperative treatment of displaced @entity2 produces a high risk of complications, and the fracture characteristics determine @entity0 outcome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

title: Results of 70 consecutive ulnar nightstick XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) @entity2 spp. has emerged as a cause of @entity0 , especially in intensive care. Unfortunately resistance to @entity3 is increasing and there is a need for new therapeutic options. We aimed to study the effect of some novel combinations against XDR A. baumannii in an in vitro PKPD model. METHODS: Three non-related clinical strains of XDR A. baumannii were investigated. Antibiotic simulated regimens were @entity3 3 MU q8h (first dose 6 MU), @entity5 10 mg/Kg q24h, @entity1 1g q8h and @entity4 1g q24h. Combination regimens included @entity3 plus @entity5 , @entity3 plus @entity1 and @entity1 plus @entity4 . Samples were obtained at 0,1,2,4,8 and 24h. RESULTS: Among single agent regimens, only @entity3 resulted in significant log10CFU/mL reductions compared to control for all the strains tested. Although @entity3 achieved bactericidal activity at 4h it was not able to reach the limit of detection (1 log10 CFU/mL). One strain had significant regrowth at 24h without emergence of resistance. @entity5 - @entity3 combinations lead to significant reduction of log10CFU/mL that outperformed those achieved with @entity3 as single agent regimen, reaching the limit of detection at 24h against all the strains. @entity1 plus @entity4 outperformed @entity3 regimen although did not reach the limit of detection with significant regrowth at 24h. Similarly, @entity3 plus @entity1 combinations reduced log10CFU/mL at 8h, with significant regrowth at 24h but with development of resistance to @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: We have shown some potentially useful alternatives for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii. Among them, @entity5 - @entity3 combination was the most effective and should be investigated in future studies.

title: In Vitro Activity of Novel Antimicrobial Combinations against Extensively drug-resistant XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pyramiding multiple genes into a desirable genetic background can take years to accomplish. In this paper, a pseudo-backcrossing scheme was designed to shorten the backcrossing cycle needed. PinK3, an aromatic and potentially high-yielding @entity0 variety-although one that is intolerant to flash flooding (Sub) and susceptible to @entity1 ( @entity1 ), leaf-neck blast (BL) and the @entity2 ( @entity2 )-was used as a genetic basis for significant improvements through gene pyramiding. RESULTS: Four resistance donors with five target genes (Sub1A-C, xa5, Xa21, TPS and SSIIa) and three QTLs (qBph3, qBL1 and qBL11) were backcrossed individually using markers into the pseudo-recurrent parent 'PinK3' via one cycle of backcrossing followed by two cycles of pseudo-backcrossing and three selfings with rigorous foreground marker-assisted selection. In total, 29 pseudo-backcross inbred lines (BILs) were developed. Genome composition was surveyed using 61 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), 35 of which were located on six carrier chromosomes, with the remainder located on six non-carrier chromosomes. The recurrent genome content (%RGC) and donor genome content (%DGC), which were based on the physical positions of BC1F2, ranged from 69.99 to 88.98% and 11.02 to 30.01%, respectively. For the pseudo-BC3F3BILs, the %RGC and %DGC ranged from 74.50 to 81.30% and 18.70 to 25.50%, respectively. These results indicated that without direct background selection, no further increases in %RGC were obtained during pseudo-backcrossing, whereas rigorous foreground marker-assisted selection tended to reduce linkage drag during pseudo-backcrossing. The evaluation of new traits in selected pseudo-BC3F3BILs indicated significant improvements in resistance to @entity1 , BL, @entity2 and Sub compared with PinK3, as well as significant improvements in grain yield (21-68%) over the donors, although yield was 7-26% lower than in 'PinK3'. All pyramided lines were aromatic and exhibited improved starch profiles, rendering them suitable for industrial food applications. CONCLUSIONS: Results show that our new pyramiding platform, which is based on marker-assisted pseudo-backcrossing, can fix five target genes and three QTLs into a high-yielding pseudo-recurrent background within seven breeding cycles in four years. This multiple pseudo-backcrossing platform decreases the time required to generate new @entity0 varieties exhibiting complex, durable resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in backgrounds with desirable qualities.

title: Pseudo-backcrossing design for rapidly pyramiding multiple traits into a preferential XXXX variety.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Three trials involving 184 male @entity0 were conducted to identify the biologically active fraction of endophyte-infected @entity9 seed. In trial 1, seed infected (greater than 95%) with the endophytic fungus Acremonium coenophialum and shown to be toxic to @entity2 , was serially extracted with @entity8 , @entity5 , and @entity4 , respectively. A second sample of this seed was extracted with @entity6 only. Controls included a solvent treatment (spraying the various solvents on endophyte-free seed and carrying the mixture to dryness), the seed post-extraction, endophyte-infected seed and endo-phyte-free seed. Laboratory chow was mixed with all diets to provide 50% of the mix. Trial 2 examined the same treatments as trial 1 except that the @entity6 treatment was omitted. Dosages 3 times (equivalent to 22.5 g seed) those used in trial 1 were applied to endophyte-free seed (7.5 g) in an attempt to accentuate any differences. Trial 3 examined the @entity4 fraction extracted serially, a @entity4 fraction extracted batchwise, and a water fraction extracted batchwise. Controls included seed residues post-extraction, solvent residue from @entity4 sprayed on endophyte-free seed, and endophyte-infected seed. Lowered feed intake and weight gains, and @entity3 serum @entity7 concentrations were used as indicators of @entity1 . Feed intake was lower in all three trials for @entity0 fed the @entity4 fraction. In all three trials mean serum @entity7 concentrations in @entity0 fed the @entity4 extracts were not different from those fed endophyte-infected fescue seed. @entity0 fed the water extract in trial 3 had lower feed intakes than @entity0 fed endophyte-free seed. However, @entity0 fed the seed, post-water extraction, had serum @entity7 concentrations similar to that of the negative control. Results suggest that the toxic factor(s) may be concentrated in the @entity4 extract.

title: Physiological responses in XXXX fed extracts of endophyte infected @entity9 seed.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Three trials involving 184 male @entity0 were conducted to identify the biologically active fraction of endophyte-infected @entity9 seed. In trial 1, seed infected (greater than 95%) with the endophytic fungus Acremonium coenophialum and shown to be toxic to @entity2 , was serially extracted with @entity8 , @entity5 , and @entity4 , respectively. A second sample of this seed was extracted with @entity6 only. Controls included a solvent treatment (spraying the various solvents on endophyte-free seed and carrying the mixture to dryness), the seed post-extraction, endophyte-infected seed and endo-phyte-free seed. Laboratory chow was mixed with all diets to provide 50% of the mix. Trial 2 examined the same treatments as trial 1 except that the @entity6 treatment was omitted. Dosages 3 times (equivalent to 22.5 g seed) those used in trial 1 were applied to endophyte-free seed (7.5 g) in an attempt to accentuate any differences. Trial 3 examined the @entity4 fraction extracted serially, a @entity4 fraction extracted batchwise, and a water fraction extracted batchwise. Controls included seed residues post-extraction, solvent residue from @entity4 sprayed on endophyte-free seed, and endophyte-infected seed. Lowered feed intake and weight gains, and @entity3 serum @entity7 concentrations were used as indicators of @entity1 . Feed intake was lower in all three trials for @entity0 fed the @entity4 fraction. In all three trials mean serum @entity7 concentrations in @entity0 fed the @entity4 extracts were not different from those fed endophyte-infected fescue seed. @entity0 fed the water extract in trial 3 had lower feed intakes than @entity0 fed endophyte-free seed. However, @entity0 fed the seed, post-water extraction, had serum @entity7 concentrations similar to that of the negative control. Results suggest that the toxic factor(s) may be concentrated in the @entity4 extract.

title: Physiological responses in @entity0 fed extracts of endophyte infected XXXX seed.

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Responses to painful stimuli differ between populations, ethnic groups, sexes and even among individuals of a family. However, data regarding @entity9 are still lacking. Thus, we investigated differences in visceral nociception across inbred and outbred @entity0 strains using colorectal distension. @entity3 and @entity5 -like behaviour were assessed using the open field and forced swim test as well as the @entity7 stress response. Possible mechanistic targets [excitatory @entity8 transporter ( @entity12 ), @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity11 ] were also assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Adult, male, inbred and outbred @entity0 strains were used in all assays (inbred strains; CBA/J Hsd, C3H/HeNHsd, BALB/c OlaHsd, C57 BL/6JOlaHsd, DBA/2J RccHsd, CAST/EiJ, SM/J, A/J OlaHsd, 129P2/OlaHsd, FVB/NHan Hsd and outbred strains: Swiss Webster, CD-1). mRNA expression levels of @entity12 , @entity10 and @entity11 ( @entity11 ) were quantified in the lumbosacral spinal cord, amygdala and hippocampus. A significant effect of strain was found in visceral sensitivity, @entity3 and @entity5 -like behaviours. Strain differences were also seen in both baseline and stress-induced @entity7 levels. CBA/J @entity0 consistently exhibited heightened visceral sensitivity, @entity3 and @entity5 -like behaviour which were associated with decreased spinal @entity12 and hippocampal @entity10 and @entity11 . Our results show the CBA/J @entity0 as a novel @entity0 model to unravel the complex mechanisms of brain-gut @entity2 such as @entity6 , in particular the underlying mechanisms of @entity1 , for which there is great need. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of genotype and the consequences for future development of transgenic strains in @entity4 research.

title: Strain-dependent variations in visceral sensitivity: relationship to stress, XXXX and spinal glutamate transporter expression.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a chronic @entity2 that affects the central nervous system. Researchers have looked for an association between @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) as risk or protective factor associated to ethnicity, which may add a partial explanation to disease heterogeneity and geographical variations. We described the frequency of the HLA-DR alleles in Mexican Mestizo ( @entity3 ) @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We included 143 @entity3 @entity0 and 377 healthy controls, both Mexican Mestizos. Previous signing informed consent, we record demographic and clinical characteristics of the @entity0 . Genetic profile was made, and HLA frequencies in both groups were compared. RESULTS: @entity3 @entity0 were 39.8% male and 60.2% female, mean age was 35 years. While, controls were 48%male and 52% @entity0 , mean age was 38 years. The most frequent allele found in subjects with @entity3 was DR 15 (p=0.006, OR=2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.6). DR 13 allele was more frequent among healthy subjects than @entity3 @entity0 (p=0.050) with a protective OR 2.6, (95% CI: 1.3-5.2, p=0.050). CONCLUSION: In our study we found HLA DR 13 was more frequent in healthy controls than in @entity3 @entity0 , suggesting a protective factor among Mexican Mestizo population.

title: Presence of the HLADR13 allele among Mexican Mestizos suggests a protective factor against relapsing-remitting XXXX ( @entity3 ).

answer: @entity1