abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Eight @entity0 who underwent surgery through a single-sided keyhole laminotomy due to intradural extramedullary (IDEM) @entity5 were retrospectively investigated. PURPOSE: To present the surgical outcomes of single-sided keyhole laminotomies aimed to excise large ventral IDEM spinal cord menengiomas. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Less invasive procedures, such as laminotomies and osteoplastic laminotomies, have been previously described in the literature, but an approach that interferes with spinal stability to an even lesser extent would be more desirable. METHODS: Tumors were removed through a slit-like space between the dura and spinal cord without retraction of the spinal cord. The neurological conditions of @entity0 were evaluated pre- and postoperatively with the Nurick grading system. Pathologic subtypes, preoperative symptom duration, @entity1 location on the sagittal and axial planes, and the percentage of @entity1 occupying the intradural space were investigated. On follow-up, magnetic resonance imaging was conducted to evaluate whether the @entity1 had recurred. RESULTS: All @entity1 were localized either ventrally or ventrolaterally. Of the spinal menengiomas, four were cervical and four were @entity4 . All lesions were completely excised, and the @entity2 improved in six @entity0 . The remaining two @entity0 already had preoperative Nurick grades of 0, and this score was maintained postoperatively. Neither kyphotic changes nor instability developed in any @entity0 during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Total resection of anterior and anterolateral IDEM menengiomas, without introducing new @entity3 , can be performed by an isolated posterior approach through a single-sided keyhole laminotomy. However, this approach should be applied cautiously and with a thorough understanding of its limitations.

title: Surgical Excition of XXXX through a Single-Sided Minimally Invasive Approach: Key-Hole Laminotomy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is extremely sensitive in the detection of superparamagnetic @entity3 (SPIO) nanoparticle-labeled cells. However, no study has compared molecular imaging for stem cell detection using SWI and other MRI pulse sequences. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to assess the sensitivity of SWI in detecting SPIO nanoparticle-labeled, @entity0 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SPIO-hMSCs) compared with that of T2- and T2*-weighted imaging (T2WI and T2*WI, respectively) in a phantom and in vivo study in @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A phantom was prepared with various cell concentrations. In one normal @entity1 , SPIO-hMSCs were implanted directly through burr holes into both caudate putamens, while in three @entity1 without and six @entity1 with @entity2 , 2.5 * 10(5)/ml SPIO-hMSCs were infused into the @entity4 (ICA). T2WI, T2*WI, and SWI findings were compared for dark regions representing SPIO-hMSCs. RESULTS: SWI and T2*WI detected 15   L of 13 SPIO-hMSCs/  L and 15   L of 27 SPIO-hMSCs/  L in the phantom, respectively and 3   L of 333 SPIO-hMSCs/  L and 3   L of 167 SPIO-hMSCs/  L in the normal @entity1 brain (direct implantation). In the normal @entity1 brain (ICA infusion), one of the three cases showed numerous foci of dark regions dispersed throughout the brain on T2*WI and SWI. Dark regions surrounded the @entity2 in all six infracted @entity1 brains. The dark region was most prominent on SWI, followed by T2*WI and T2WI in all six @entity1 (P = 0.002). Implanted SPIO-hMSCs were confirmed using Prussian blue staining. CONCLUSIONS: SWI is the most sensitive in the detection of SPIO-hMSCs, with the dark regions representing SPIO-hMSCs being more prominent on SWI than on T2*WI and T2WI.

title: Sensitivity of susceptibility-weighted imaging in detecting superparamagnetic XXXX -labeled mesenchymal stem cells: a comparative study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Nipple-areola reconstruction represents an important step for final mammary reconstruction. Many techniques have been described. The drawback is the progressive nipple projection loss with time from 50% to over 70% of the initial projection. In this report, we evaluated the effect of injectable @entity1 ( @entity2 ) to improve projection of reconstructed nipples. RESULTS: We selected 12 @entity0 with a residual nipple projection between 0.1 and 2  mm. The @entity0 were injected locally inside the nipple with 0.5  ml of @entity2 (dilution 1:4) every 4 weeks for 4 times. At the study end, @entity0 were satisfied with results. No adverse effects were observed. After one year, an increase of nipple projection ranging from 0.5 to 3.5  mm was obtained with an average increase of 2.3  mm (282%) and this variation was statistically significant (p  <  0.0001). CONCLUSION: The use of injectable @entity2 is a simple and effective procedure to improve projection of reconstructed nipple.

title: The use of XXXX to improve projection of reconstructed nipple.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study assessed the reliability of the reverse facial artery-submental artery deepithelialised submental island technique to reconstruct @entity4 . METHODS: The study included 13 @entity0 (9 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 ; 43-62 years) with @entity4 resulting from @entity1 ablation. Ten @entity0 presented with @entity3 and the remaining 3 cases were @entity3 . The maxilla was resected and the remaining defects were classified as Class 2a. Reverse facial artery-submental artery deepithelialised submental island flaps measuring 8-10 cm in length and 4-5 cm in width were used to reconstruct the defects. RESULTS: Twelve of the 13 flaps survived. No donor-site problems or palsy of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve occurred. The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 24 months, 1 @entity0 died as a result of @entity1 recurrence and 2 @entity0 developed cervical recurrence. CONCLUSION: The reverse facial @entity2 is safe, quick and simple to use or elevate. The flap is a reliable technique for reconstructing @entity4 following @entity1 ablation.

title: Reverse facial @entity2 to reconstruct @entity4 following XXXX ablation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study assessed the reliability of the reverse facial artery-submental artery deepithelialised submental island technique to reconstruct @entity4 . METHODS: The study included 13 @entity0 (9 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 ; 43-62 years) with @entity4 resulting from @entity1 ablation. Ten @entity0 presented with @entity3 and the remaining 3 cases were @entity3 . The maxilla was resected and the remaining defects were classified as Class 2a. Reverse facial artery-submental artery deepithelialised submental island flaps measuring 8-10 cm in length and 4-5 cm in width were used to reconstruct the defects. RESULTS: Twelve of the 13 flaps survived. No donor-site problems or palsy of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve occurred. The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 24 months, 1 @entity0 died as a result of @entity1 recurrence and 2 @entity0 developed cervical recurrence. CONCLUSION: The reverse facial @entity2 is safe, quick and simple to use or elevate. The flap is a reliable technique for reconstructing @entity4 following @entity1 ablation.

title: Reverse facial XXXX to reconstruct @entity4 following @entity1 ablation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study assessed the reliability of the reverse facial artery-submental artery deepithelialised submental island technique to reconstruct @entity4 . METHODS: The study included 13 @entity0 (9 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 ; 43-62 years) with @entity4 resulting from @entity1 ablation. Ten @entity0 presented with @entity3 and the remaining 3 cases were @entity3 . The maxilla was resected and the remaining defects were classified as Class 2a. Reverse facial artery-submental artery deepithelialised submental island flaps measuring 8-10 cm in length and 4-5 cm in width were used to reconstruct the defects. RESULTS: Twelve of the 13 flaps survived. No donor-site problems or palsy of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve occurred. The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 24 months, 1 @entity0 died as a result of @entity1 recurrence and 2 @entity0 developed cervical recurrence. CONCLUSION: The reverse facial @entity2 is safe, quick and simple to use or elevate. The flap is a reliable technique for reconstructing @entity4 following @entity1 ablation.

title: Reverse facial @entity2 to reconstruct XXXX following @entity1 ablation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 is a severe @entity2 that is highly characterized by social @entity1 . Most studies investigating these impairments focus on one specific social domain such as emotion recognition. However, in daily life, processing complex social situations relies on the combination of several social cognitive and affective processes simultaneously rather than one process alone. A modified version of the economically based Ultimatum Game was used to measure the interplay between fairness, intentionality, and emotion considerations during social decision-making. In this task, @entity0 accept or reject fair and unfair monetary offers proposed intentionally or unintentionally by either angry, happy, neutral, or sad proposers. Behavioral data was collected from a group of @entity3 @entity0 (N = 35) and a group of healthy individuals (N = 30). Like healthy @entity0 , @entity3 @entity0 differentiated between fair and unfair offers by rejecting unfair offers more compared to fair offers. However, overall @entity0 did reject more fair offers, indicating that their construct of fairness operates within different margins. In both groups, intentional unfair offers were rejected more compared to unintentional ones, indicating a normal integration of intentionality considerations in @entity3 . Importantly, healthy subjects also differentiated between proposers' emotion when rejecting unfair offers (more rejections from proposers depicting angry faces compared to proposers depicting, happy, neutral, or sad faces). @entity3 @entity0 ' decision behavior on the other hand, was not affected by the proposers' emotions. The current study thus shows that @entity3 @entity0 have specific problems with processing and integrating emotional information. Importantly, the finding that @entity0 display normal fairness and intentionality considerations emphasizes preservation of central social cognitive processes in @entity3 .

title: Abnormal emotion processing, but intact fairness and intentionality considerations during social decision-making in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the rate and predictors of remission after @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Ninety-three @entity1 @entity0 were followed for at least 12 months and up to 12 years (mean=58.4 months) including monthly assessments with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-Expanded (BPRS), the @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms ( @entity3 ). We also administered the Premorbid Adjustment Scale (PAS). We used the remission criteria recently defined by Andreasen et al. (2005). Fifty-six (59.5%) @entity0 met the remission criteria in the first 24 months of the follow-up period, but 40 (71.5%) of these @entity0 could not maintain their status. However, 23 (57%) of these @entity0 later met the remission criteria again. The remission group @entity0 achieved a higher rate of employment both in the first year and overall. In the logistic regression analysis, lower negative and higher positive symptoms at admission, lower positive symptoms at month 3 of the follow-up, medication compliance in the first 6 months, and occupational status during the last month before admission were found related to remission status. Our findings suggest that the remission group has advantages in terms of occupational status and symptom severity compared with their counterparts who did not achieve or maintain a state of remission.

title: Remission after first-episode XXXX : results of a long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The study was designed to compare the effects of @entity3 administered as an adjunct to @entity4 in supraclavicular block to that of systemic administration, on postoperative @entity2 and rescue analgesic requirement following upper limb surgeries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind study was undertaken in @entity0 scheduled for upper limb surgeries under supraclavicular block. All the three group @entity0 received either of the following drugs mixtures: Group A - @entity4 0.5%-18 ml + normal saline-7 ml for block and normal saline-10 ml intravenously. Group B - @entity4 0.5%-18 ml + normal saline-7 ml mixture for block and @entity3 (100 mg) diluted to 10 ml - intravenously. Group C - @entity4 0.5%-18 ml + @entity3 (100 mg) + normal saline-5 ml mixture and normal saline 10 ml intravenously. The @entity0 were observed for sensory, motor onset along with the duration of @entity5 . @entity0 were monitored for sedation and hemodynamic parameters during intra-operative and postoperative period. @entity1 -free period and demand for rescue @entity2 was noted in all the @entity0 . RESULTS: The study demonstrates that the mixture of @entity3 and @entity4 injected perineurally for supraclavicular brachial plexus block hastens the onset of sensory block, motor block and provides a longer duration of motor blockade and demand for rescue @entity2 as compared to other two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the addition of @entity3 to @entity4 mixtures as an adjunct for supraclavicular brachial plexus block provide better postoperative @entity2 for orthopedic upper extremity surgery in comparison to control or systemic @entity3 group without any side effects.

title: Comparative study of systemically and perineurally administered XXXX as an adjunct for supraclavicular brachial plexus block.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Herbo-mineral formulations are being successfully used in therapeutics since centuries. But recently, they came under the scanner for their metallic contents especially the presence of heavy metals. Hence it is the need of the hour to assess and establish the safety of these formulations through @entity2 studies. In line with the various @entity2 studies that are being carried out, Government of India expressed the need for conducting genotoxicity studies of different metal- or mineral-based drugs. Till date very few Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulations have been studied for their genotoxic potential. The present study is aimed to evaluate the genotoxic potential of Hridayarnava @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was prepared as per classical guidelines and administered to Swiss albino @entity0 for 14 consecutive days. Chromosomal aberration and sperm abnormality assay were done to evaluate the genotoxic potential of the test drugs. @entity3 (CP) was taken as positive group and results were compared. RESULTS: All treated groups exhibited significant body @entity4 in comparison to CP group. Results revealed no structural @entity1 in comparison to the CP-treated group. CONCLUSION: Reported data showed that both tested samples of Hridayarnava @entity5 does not possess genotoxic potential under the experimental conditions and can be safely used.

title: Assessment of genotoxic potential of hridayarnava XXXX (a herbo-mineralo-metallic ayurvedic formulation) using chromosomal aberration and sperm abnormality assays.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Protocadherins (Pcdhs) are thought to be key features of cell-type-specific synapse formation. Here we analyzed the expression pattern of Pcdh subunit b16 (b16) in the primate retina by applying antibodies against b16, different subunits of ionotropic @entity1 receptors (GluRs), and cell-type-specific markers as well as by coimmunoprecipitation and Western blots. Immunocytochemical localization was analyzed by confocal microscopy and preembedding electron microscopy. In the outer plexiform layer (OPL) H1, but not H2, horizontal cells expressed b16 as revealed by the strong reduction of b16 at short-wavelength-sensitive cones. b16 colocalized with the GluR subunits @entity4 -4 at horizontal cell dendritic tips and with @entity4 -4 and @entity2 /7 at the desmosome-like junctions. At the latter, these @entity0 and @entity3 receptor subunits were found to be clustered within single synaptic hot spots. Additionally, b16-labeled dendritic tips of OFF cone bipolar cells appeared in triad-associated positions at the cone pedicle base, pointing to b16 expression by OFF midget or DB3 bipolar cells. In the inner plexiform layer, b16 was localized also postsynaptically at most of the glutamatergic synapses. Overall, we provide evidence for a cell-type-specific localization of b16 together with GluRs at defined postsynaptic sites and a coexistence of @entity0 and @entity3 receptors within single synaptic hot spots. This study supports the hypothesis that b16 plays an important role in the formation and/or stabilization of specific glutamatergic synapses, whereas our in vivo protein biochemical results argue against the existence of protein complexes formed by b16 and GluRs.

title: Cell-type-specific localization of protocadherin b16 at @entity0 and @entity0 / XXXX receptor-containing synapses in the primate retina.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Protocadherins (Pcdhs) are thought to be key features of cell-type-specific synapse formation. Here we analyzed the expression pattern of Pcdh subunit b16 (b16) in the primate retina by applying antibodies against b16, different subunits of ionotropic @entity1 receptors (GluRs), and cell-type-specific markers as well as by coimmunoprecipitation and Western blots. Immunocytochemical localization was analyzed by confocal microscopy and preembedding electron microscopy. In the outer plexiform layer (OPL) H1, but not H2, horizontal cells expressed b16 as revealed by the strong reduction of b16 at short-wavelength-sensitive cones. b16 colocalized with the GluR subunits @entity4 -4 at horizontal cell dendritic tips and with @entity4 -4 and @entity2 /7 at the desmosome-like junctions. At the latter, these @entity0 and @entity3 receptor subunits were found to be clustered within single synaptic hot spots. Additionally, b16-labeled dendritic tips of OFF cone bipolar cells appeared in triad-associated positions at the cone pedicle base, pointing to b16 expression by OFF midget or DB3 bipolar cells. In the inner plexiform layer, b16 was localized also postsynaptically at most of the glutamatergic synapses. Overall, we provide evidence for a cell-type-specific localization of b16 together with GluRs at defined postsynaptic sites and a coexistence of @entity0 and @entity3 receptors within single synaptic hot spots. This study supports the hypothesis that b16 plays an important role in the formation and/or stabilization of specific glutamatergic synapses, whereas our in vivo protein biochemical results argue against the existence of protein complexes formed by b16 and GluRs.

title: Cell-type-specific localization of protocadherin b16 at XXXX and @entity0 / @entity3 receptor-containing synapses in the primate retina.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Protocadherins (Pcdhs) are thought to be key features of cell-type-specific synapse formation. Here we analyzed the expression pattern of Pcdh subunit b16 (b16) in the primate retina by applying antibodies against b16, different subunits of ionotropic @entity1 receptors (GluRs), and cell-type-specific markers as well as by coimmunoprecipitation and Western blots. Immunocytochemical localization was analyzed by confocal microscopy and preembedding electron microscopy. In the outer plexiform layer (OPL) H1, but not H2, horizontal cells expressed b16 as revealed by the strong reduction of b16 at short-wavelength-sensitive cones. b16 colocalized with the GluR subunits @entity4 -4 at horizontal cell dendritic tips and with @entity4 -4 and @entity2 /7 at the desmosome-like junctions. At the latter, these @entity0 and @entity3 receptor subunits were found to be clustered within single synaptic hot spots. Additionally, b16-labeled dendritic tips of OFF cone bipolar cells appeared in triad-associated positions at the cone pedicle base, pointing to b16 expression by OFF midget or DB3 bipolar cells. In the inner plexiform layer, b16 was localized also postsynaptically at most of the glutamatergic synapses. Overall, we provide evidence for a cell-type-specific localization of b16 together with GluRs at defined postsynaptic sites and a coexistence of @entity0 and @entity3 receptors within single synaptic hot spots. This study supports the hypothesis that b16 plays an important role in the formation and/or stabilization of specific glutamatergic synapses, whereas our in vivo protein biochemical results argue against the existence of protein complexes formed by b16 and GluRs.

title: Cell-type-specific localization of protocadherin b16 at @entity0 and XXXX / @entity3 receptor-containing synapses in the primate retina.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Background. @entity7 , a rare @entity3 of biliary tree, is uncommon in adults. Their presentations differ from @entity0 and surgical management has evolved. Methods. A retrospective review of the records of all the @entity0 above 15 years, who underwent therapeutic intervention in our hospital, was carried out. Results. Ten cases of @entity7 were found; 8 female, with mean age 31 years. These included 8 cases of Todani type I and one case each of @entity1 . The predominant symptoms were @entity4 and @entity6 . Abdominal mass and past history of @entity2 and @entity5 were seen in 2 @entity0 . Investigations included ultrasound in 8 @entity0 , CT in 7, ERCP in 3, and MRCP in 5. Surgical intervention included complete excision of the cyst with hepaticojejunostomy and cholecystectomy (type I), excision of the diverticulum (type II), and ERCP sphincterotomy (type III). Malignancy was not seen in any @entity0 . The long-term postoperative complications included @entity2 in two @entity0 . Conclusion. @entity7 is rare in adults. The typical triad of @entity4 , @entity6 , and mass is uncommon in adults. The surgical strategy aims for single stage complete excision of the cyst with hepaticojejunostomy.

title: XXXX in Adults: Etiopathogenesis, Presentation, Management, and Outcome-Case Series and Review.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Background. To evaluate @entity2 resistance of normal weight central obese 13-18-year-old male and female adolescents stratified by waist to height ratio (WHR). Methods. Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (K-NHANES) conducted during 2008-2010. @entity1 was defined as that in the upper quartile of age and sex specific WHR. Subjects were classified into no @entity1 normal weight (NW), @entity1 normal weight (CONW), no @entity1 overweight (OW), and @entity1 overweight (COOW). Results. The prevalence of CONW was 9.6% (83/832) in female and 7.0% (61/909) in male. CONW showed higher levels of @entity2 (P < 0.006), HOMA-IR (P < 0.006), and ALT (P < 0.001) than NW in female. CONW had higher levels of @entity2 (P < 0.0001), HOMA-IR (P < 0.0001), and WBC count (P < 0.021) and lower level of HDL (P < 0.0001) than NW in male. WHR and BMI had similar significant correlations with @entity0 components. CONW showed 2.5 times (95% confidence interval, 1.21-5.00) more likelihood to have high @entity2 resistance than NW in male. Conclusions. Screening for @entity1 using WHR in clinical setting is recommended.

title: XXXX Resistance of Normal Weight Central Obese Adolescents in Korea Stratified by Waist to Height Ratio: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008-2010.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence, risk factors and outcome of invasive @entity2 (IFI) in the recipients with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation(HSCT). METHODS: 79 cases received HSCT in our hospital from January 2005 to November 2014 with complete data were analyzed retrospectively according to the diagnostic criteria of IFI. the clinical features, risk factors and outcome of IFI were investigated and analysed. RESULTS: 17 cases of IFI were diagnosed, among them 13 cases were defined in clinic and 4 cases were possible. The median time of IFI occurence was 112 days(9-1931 d). The recurrence-free survival rate in @entity1 and @entity1 groups were 61.2% and 35.2% respectively. By single-factor analysis, the matching, II and IV degree of aGVHD were the risk factors of IFI, and the sex, protopathy, glucocorticoid used before @entity1 were the risk factors of the death outcome. Multivariate analysis may indicated that the matching, II-IV degree of aGVHD and glucocorticoid used before @entity1 were associated with IFI and outcome. CONCLUSION: The @entity0 received HSCT and having many risk factors are more likely predisposed to IFI. A greater dose of glucocorticoid used before @entity1 is more likely to results in death, morever avoiding the risk factors may reduce the incidence of IFI, and the retrospecion of immunosupperssor dose used within 30 days before @entity1 may improve prognosis.

title: [Risk factors and outcome of invasive XXXX in 79 @entity0 received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence, risk factors and outcome of invasive @entity2 (IFI) in the recipients with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation(HSCT). METHODS: 79 cases received HSCT in our hospital from January 2005 to November 2014 with complete data were analyzed retrospectively according to the diagnostic criteria of IFI. the clinical features, risk factors and outcome of IFI were investigated and analysed. RESULTS: 17 cases of IFI were diagnosed, among them 13 cases were defined in clinic and 4 cases were possible. The median time of IFI occurence was 112 days(9-1931 d). The recurrence-free survival rate in @entity1 and @entity1 groups were 61.2% and 35.2% respectively. By single-factor analysis, the matching, II and IV degree of aGVHD were the risk factors of IFI, and the sex, protopathy, glucocorticoid used before @entity1 were the risk factors of the death outcome. Multivariate analysis may indicated that the matching, II-IV degree of aGVHD and glucocorticoid used before @entity1 were associated with IFI and outcome. CONCLUSION: The @entity0 received HSCT and having many risk factors are more likely predisposed to IFI. A greater dose of glucocorticoid used before @entity1 is more likely to results in death, morever avoiding the risk factors may reduce the incidence of IFI, and the retrospecion of immunosupperssor dose used within 30 days before @entity1 may improve prognosis.

title: [Risk factors and outcome of invasive @entity2 in 79 XXXX received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess trifecta outcomes for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for clinical @entity3 renal masses. METHODS: A total of 63 @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for clinical @entity3 renal masses by a single surgeon between January 2007 and December 2012 were evaluated. Demographic and perioperative data were collected and statistically analyzed. We retrospectively evaluated trifecta outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze predictors of trifecta outcomes. Trifecta outcomes were defined as the combination of total @entity2 time <25  min, negative surgical margins and no surgical complications. RESULTS: Of the 63 @entity0 , 39 (62%) achieved trifecta. A total of 21 @entity0 had total @entity2 time >= 25  min, four @entity0 had positive surgical margins and two @entity0 had surgical complications. @entity1 size (P  <  0.001), distance from the urine collecting system or sinus (P  <  0.001) and surgeon's learning curve (P  <  0.01) were significantly different between the trifecta and no-trifecta group. Multivariate analysis showed @entity1 size and surgeon's learning curve to be independent predictors of trifecta outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 size and surgeon's learning curve seems to be strong predictors of trifecta outcomes after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in @entity3 renal masses.

title: Predictors of trifecta outcomes in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for clinical XXXX renal masses.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory responses and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction play important roles in @entity3 after @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The metalloprotease @entity10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13) was shown to limit inflammatory responses through its proteolytic effects on @entity6 factor. In the present study, we addressed the role of @entity10 after experimental @entity4 . METHODS: @entity4 was induced in @entity0 by intracerebral infusion of autologous blood. The peri-hematomal inflammatory responses, levels of @entity11 , pericyte coverage on brain capillaries, and BBB permeability were quantified at 24 hours. Functional outcomes, @entity5 , and @entity1 volume were quantified at day 3. RESULTS: Treatment with recombinant @entity10 ( @entity9 ) reduced the levels of chemokines and cytokines, @entity8 activity, and microglia activation and neutrophil recruitment after @entity4 . @entity9 also decreased @entity2 expression in brain endothelial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, whereas recombinant @entity6 factor reversed this effect. The anti-inflammatory effect of @entity9 was accompanied by reduced expression of @entity7 and less activation of matrix metalloproteinase, enhanced pericyte coverage of brain microvessels, and attenuated BBB disruption. Furthermore, neutrophil depletion protected against BBB damage, and @entity9 treatment had no further beneficial effect. Finally, treatment of @entity0 with @entity9 reduced @entity5 and @entity1 volume and improved neurological functions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal the importance of @entity9 in regulating pathological inflammation and BBB function and suggest that @entity9 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for @entity4 .

title: Recombinant @entity10 Attenuates @entity3 After XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory responses and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction play important roles in @entity3 after @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The metalloprotease @entity10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13) was shown to limit inflammatory responses through its proteolytic effects on @entity6 factor. In the present study, we addressed the role of @entity10 after experimental @entity4 . METHODS: @entity4 was induced in @entity0 by intracerebral infusion of autologous blood. The peri-hematomal inflammatory responses, levels of @entity11 , pericyte coverage on brain capillaries, and BBB permeability were quantified at 24 hours. Functional outcomes, @entity5 , and @entity1 volume were quantified at day 3. RESULTS: Treatment with recombinant @entity10 ( @entity9 ) reduced the levels of chemokines and cytokines, @entity8 activity, and microglia activation and neutrophil recruitment after @entity4 . @entity9 also decreased @entity2 expression in brain endothelial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, whereas recombinant @entity6 factor reversed this effect. The anti-inflammatory effect of @entity9 was accompanied by reduced expression of @entity7 and less activation of matrix metalloproteinase, enhanced pericyte coverage of brain microvessels, and attenuated BBB disruption. Furthermore, neutrophil depletion protected against BBB damage, and @entity9 treatment had no further beneficial effect. Finally, treatment of @entity0 with @entity9 reduced @entity5 and @entity1 volume and improved neurological functions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal the importance of @entity9 in regulating pathological inflammation and BBB function and suggest that @entity9 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for @entity4 .

title: Recombinant @entity10 Attenuates XXXX After @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory responses and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction play important roles in @entity3 after @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The metalloprotease @entity10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13) was shown to limit inflammatory responses through its proteolytic effects on @entity6 factor. In the present study, we addressed the role of @entity10 after experimental @entity4 . METHODS: @entity4 was induced in @entity0 by intracerebral infusion of autologous blood. The peri-hematomal inflammatory responses, levels of @entity11 , pericyte coverage on brain capillaries, and BBB permeability were quantified at 24 hours. Functional outcomes, @entity5 , and @entity1 volume were quantified at day 3. RESULTS: Treatment with recombinant @entity10 ( @entity9 ) reduced the levels of chemokines and cytokines, @entity8 activity, and microglia activation and neutrophil recruitment after @entity4 . @entity9 also decreased @entity2 expression in brain endothelial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, whereas recombinant @entity6 factor reversed this effect. The anti-inflammatory effect of @entity9 was accompanied by reduced expression of @entity7 and less activation of matrix metalloproteinase, enhanced pericyte coverage of brain microvessels, and attenuated BBB disruption. Furthermore, neutrophil depletion protected against BBB damage, and @entity9 treatment had no further beneficial effect. Finally, treatment of @entity0 with @entity9 reduced @entity5 and @entity1 volume and improved neurological functions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal the importance of @entity9 in regulating pathological inflammation and BBB function and suggest that @entity9 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for @entity4 .

title: Recombinant XXXX Attenuates @entity3 After @entity4 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the association between lifestyle and biological risk markers measured at one occasion, morbidity and mortality from @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 , and morbidity from @entity2 approximately 26   years later. DESIGN: A follow-up study of a cohort of @entity0 , 33-42   years old at baseline. SETTING: Primary healthcare centre in Sweden. @entity0 : All 757 @entity0 , living in the community of Habo in Sweden in 1985, and all 652 of these participating in a health examination in 1985-1987. INTERVENTIONS: Health profile and a health dialogue with a nurse. A doctor invited the high-risk group to further dialogue and examination. Intervention programmes were carried out in the primary healthcare centre and in cooperation with local associations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity3 and @entity1 diagnoses from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Data from pharmacy registers of sold drugs concerning @entity2 . RESULTS: The @entity0 were divided in three groups based on summarised risk points from lifestyle (smoking, physical activity, @entity5 consumption) and biological risk markers (body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum @entity4 ) selected from the health profile. Comparisons were done between these groups. The group with the lowest summarised total risk points had a significantly lower risk for @entity3 and @entity1 compared with the group with the highest summarised risk points. The group with the lowest risk points concerning lifestyle had a significantly lower risk for @entity3 , and the group with lowest risk points for biological risk markers had a significantly lower risk for both @entity3 and @entity1 compared with the groups with the highest risk points. Smoking and serum @entity4 were the most important risk factors. In association to @entity2 , BMI and smoking were the most important risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors measured on one occasion seemed to be able to predict @entity3 , @entity1 and @entity2 26   years later.

title: The possibility of lifestyle and biological risk markers to predict morbidity and mortality in a cohort of young XXXX after 26   years follow-up.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined correlates of low engagement in the healthcare system, experiences with survivorship care, barriers to follow-up care, and potential resources for promoting follow-up care among young adult survivors of childhood @entity1 . We conducted a mixed-method study involving surveys of 106 survivors of childhood @entity1 aged 18-34 recruited from a university-affiliated @entity0 's hospital and an NCI-designated @entity1 center in the Southeastern USA. Phone-based semistructured interviews were then conducted in a subset of 26. Assessments included health factors, psychosocial factors, healthcare system interaction, and interest in resources to promote engagement in healthcare. Survey @entity0 were on average 22.14   (SD   =   3.16) years old, 50.0  % female, and 77.4  % White. Overall, 46.0  % had attended survivorship clinic, 47.2  % reported receiving a treatment summary, 68.9  % had a primary care provider, and 17.0  % reported no interaction with healthcare in the past 2  years. Correlates of less than annual healthcare provider visits included being older (p   =   0.003), being male (p   <   0.001), lack of insurance (p   =   0.002), and having had chemotherapy (p   =   0.05). @entity0 reported varied experiences in terms of how health and treatment information was presented, from none or too little to overwhelming or @entity2 -provoking amounts. Barriers to engaging in survivorship care included no/limited insurance, time, or transportation; major life changes; @entity2 ; and difficulty transitioning from pediatrics to adult care. @entity0 highlighted the need for educational and psychosocial resources, particularly technology-based resources. Multilevel interventions are needed to increase engagement in survivorship care among young adult @entity1 survivors. Technology-based resources addressing social support and mental well-being are intervention possibilities.

title: Young Adult @entity1 Survivors' Experience with XXXX Treatment and Follow-Up Care and Perceptions of Barriers to Engaging in Recommended Care.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined correlates of low engagement in the healthcare system, experiences with survivorship care, barriers to follow-up care, and potential resources for promoting follow-up care among young adult survivors of childhood @entity1 . We conducted a mixed-method study involving surveys of 106 survivors of childhood @entity1 aged 18-34 recruited from a university-affiliated @entity0 's hospital and an NCI-designated @entity1 center in the Southeastern USA. Phone-based semistructured interviews were then conducted in a subset of 26. Assessments included health factors, psychosocial factors, healthcare system interaction, and interest in resources to promote engagement in healthcare. Survey @entity0 were on average 22.14   (SD   =   3.16) years old, 50.0  % female, and 77.4  % White. Overall, 46.0  % had attended survivorship clinic, 47.2  % reported receiving a treatment summary, 68.9  % had a primary care provider, and 17.0  % reported no interaction with healthcare in the past 2  years. Correlates of less than annual healthcare provider visits included being older (p   =   0.003), being male (p   <   0.001), lack of insurance (p   =   0.002), and having had chemotherapy (p   =   0.05). @entity0 reported varied experiences in terms of how health and treatment information was presented, from none or too little to overwhelming or @entity2 -provoking amounts. Barriers to engaging in survivorship care included no/limited insurance, time, or transportation; major life changes; @entity2 ; and difficulty transitioning from pediatrics to adult care. @entity0 highlighted the need for educational and psychosocial resources, particularly technology-based resources. Multilevel interventions are needed to increase engagement in survivorship care among young adult @entity1 survivors. Technology-based resources addressing social support and mental well-being are intervention possibilities.

title: Young Adult XXXX Survivors' Experience with @entity1 Treatment and Follow-Up Care and Perceptions of Barriers to Engaging in Recommended Care.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between hormonal contraception and cervical @entity1 is controversial. These controversies may hamper the uptake of hormonal contraceptives. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between hormonal contraceptives and cervical @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a case-control study in which Pap-smear results of 156 @entity0 on hormonal contraceptives were compared with those of 156 @entity0 on no form of modern contraception. Modern contraception is defined as the use of such contraceptives as condoms, pills, injectables, intrauterine devices, implants, and female or male sterilization. Those found to have abnormal cervical smear cytology results were subjected further to colposcopy. Biopsy specimens for histology were collected from the @entity0 with @entity2 or those with suspicious lesions on colposcopy. The results were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics at a 95% level of confidence. RESULTS: A total of 71 (45.5%), 60 (38.5%), and 25 (16.0%) of the @entity0 on hormonal contraceptives were using @entity3 , injectable contraceptives, and implants, respectively. Cervical @entity1 was significantly more common among @entity0 who were >= 35 years old (6% versus 1%, P<0.0001), rural dwellers (6% versus 3.5%, P<0.0001), unmarried (7.6% versus 3.5%, P<0.0001), unemployed (6.8% versus 3.5%, P<0.0001), less educated (6% versus 3.8%, P<0.0001), and had high parity (6.8% versus 3.6%, P<0.0001). There was no statistical significant difference in cervical @entity1 between the two groups of @entity0 (7 [4.5%] versus 6 [3.8%], P=1.0). CONCLUSION: There was no association between hormonal contraceptives and cervical @entity1 in this study.

title: Is there any association between hormonal contraceptives and cervical XXXX in a poor Nigerian setting?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about the relative importance that oncologists attribute to the benefits and harms of anti- @entity1 drugs when considering treatment options with their @entity0 . AIM: To quantify the trade-offs made between overall survival, progression free survival and adverse effects. METHODS: A web-based survey elicited importance weights for the benefits and harms of bevacizumab or @entity4 . Combining the importance weights with trial-based probabilities produced a score and ranking for each treatment option. RESULTS: A total of 40 responses were received for the bevacizumab scenario and 32 for the @entity4 scenario. All respondents regarded overall survival and progression free survival as the most important attributes - more important than avoiding the potential harms regardless of drugs. Amongst the potential harms, respondents allocated the highest mean importance weight to @entity3 and rated absolute improvement in overall survival as 1.6 times and 2.3 times as important as avoiding @entity3 in the two versions of the bevacizumab scenario respectively. For the @entity4 scenario, @entity5 and @entity2 were allocated the highest mean importance weights with absolute improvement in overall survival rated as 2.2 times as important as avoiding @entity5 / @entity2 . All 40 respondents (100%) favoured treatment option with bevacizumab to no bevacizumab based on respondent's determined weights for treatment attributes. The converse was found for @entity4 with 22 (69%) of respondents preferring the 'no @entity4 ' option. CONCLUSION: Oncologists preferences over the benefits and harms of treatment do, when combined with evidence of effect, influence treatment decisions for anti- @entity1 drugs.

title: Weighing up the benefits and harms of a new anti- XXXX drug - a survey of Australian oncologists.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic disease characterized by the development of scaly red @entity3 and possible co-morbid conditions. The @entity4 lesional skin transcriptome has been extensively investigated, but mRNA levels do not necessarily reflect protein abundance. The purpose of this study was therefore to compare differential expression patterns of mRNA and protein in @entity2 . METHODS: Lesional (PP) and uninvolved ( @entity6 ) skin samples from 14 @entity0 were analyzed using high-throughput complementary DNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC- @entity1 / @entity1 ). RESULTS: We identified 4122 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) along with 748 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Global shifts in mRNA were modestly correlated with changes in protein abundance (r   =   0.40). We identified similar numbers of increased and decreased DEGs, but 4-fold more increased than decreased DEPs. Ribosomal subunit and translation proteins were elevated within lesions, without a corresponding shift in mRNA expression ( @entity9 , @entity7 , @entity8 ). We identified 209 differentially expressed genes/proteins (DEGPs) with corresponding trends at the transcriptome and proteome levels. Most DEGPs were similarly altered in at least one other @entity3 . Psoriasis-specific and non-specific DEGPs had distinct cytokine-response patterns, with only the former showing disproportionate induction by @entity5 in cultured keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal global imbalance between the number of increased and decreased proteins in @entity2 , consistent with heightened translation. This effect could not have been discerned from mRNA profiling data alone. High-confidence DEGPs were identified through transcriptome-proteome integration. By distinguishing between @entity4 -specific and non-specific DEGPs, our analysis uncovered new functional insights that would otherwise have been overlooked.

title: Proteogenomic analysis of XXXX reveals discordant and concordant changes in mRNA and protein abundance.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) has increased from a few cases in a country at the beginning of the 20th century to an incidence of recording a case every 7 seconds in the world. From a rare disease it has reached the top 8 of major health problems in the world. One of the epidemiological problems of @entity2 is the fact that authors from different countries use different reporting units. Some report numbers to 100,000 inhabitants, others to 1,000 inhabitants and others report the total number of cases in a country. Standardization of these reports is strictly necessary. The rise in incidence and prevalence with age is known, but interesting to see is that the incidence and prevalence do not rise in a parallel manner with age as simple logic would assume. Between the ages of 60 and 90, the incidence in @entity0 increases two times and in @entity0 41 times, prevalence increase in @entity0 is 55.25-fold and in @entity0 77-fold. Regarding the @entity0 / @entity0 ratio, the incidence is 20.5-fold increased, and prevalence is merely 1.3936-fold increased. These numbers raise concerns about the evolution of the disease. Regarding @entity1 ( @entity1 )/ @entity2 ratio, only about 1 in 2 @entity0 get @entity2 (raising?) issues about the pathogenic disease relatedness.

title: The Epidemiological Scale of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are rare and highly heterogeneous which present a wide spectrum of pathological and clinical manifestations. Fourteen @entity0 with histologically demonstrated LNEC were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The 14 cases were classified into 3 subtypes: typical @entity4 in 5, and @entity3 in 7. The mean survival time of the 14 @entity0 in this study was 112.5 months (95% CI, 81.5-143.6). Surgeries were performed for 2 @entity0 of @entity4 , and they were alive with no evidence of recurrence after 24 and 47 months of follow-ups. @entity0 in the atypical @entity4 group were treated with surgeries and postoperative radiotherapy. After 58.4 months of follow-ups (range: 9-144), 2 @entity0 showed no evidence of disease and 1 was lost to follow-up after 72 months. The other 2 @entity0 died of other @entity1 . In the @entity3 group, a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy was applied. The mean survival time was 79.7 months (95% CI, 37.9-121.4), and the 5-year survival rate was 53.6%. In conclusion, the clinical behaviors, treatment protocols, and prognosis are different for each subtype of @entity2 .

title: XXXX : A Retrospective Study of 14 Cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 on long-term maintenance hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk of developing @entity1 and suffering various @entity1 during HD. HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of changing loading conditions on the myocardial performance index (MPI) in @entity0 on long-term HD and to specify an optimal level of @entity2 during HD that would maintain stable global cardiac function. METHODS: The study consisted of 52 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), mean age 56  11.7 y, range: 25-80 y, on regular HD. For each @entity0 a complete echocardiographic-Doppler examination was performed before and after HD. Systolic and diastolic parameters of left ventricular function were measured, and the myocardial performance index (MPI) was calculated. RESULTS: The MPI was significantly prolonged after HD (0.47  0.15 before HD versus 0.59  0.16 after HD, p < 0.001). Mean change in body weight during HD was 2.1  0.86 kg. The MPI did not change significantly in @entity0 with intradialytic weight loss up to 1.75 kg. CONCLUSIONS: The MPI value seems to be independent of acute preload changes only when @entity2 is less than 1.75 kg. A 1.75-kg @entity2 during HD seems to be the optimal goal. In @entity3 @entity0 on HD, the MPI seems to be a good indicator of global left ventricular function and potentially a valuable aid in the effort to maintain optimal fluid balance.

title: Myocardial performance index suggests optimal XXXX during hemodialysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Medical rehabilitation aims at an improvement in function, capacity and participation. For the rehabilitation of @entity2 , the goal is to maintain function and prevent secondary symptoms in the short- and long-term. In @entity0 with @entity5 , predictable signs and symptoms include @entity3 and @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Pub Med review was completed in order to reveal substantial evidence for inpatient rehabilitation as performed in Germany. No evidence has been found in general to support claims for actual inpatient rehabilitation programmes as used today. Nevertheless, as there is some evidence that inpatient rehabilitation may be beneficial to @entity0 with @entity2 complicated by certain additional conditions, the body of evidence there is for conservative treatment of @entity2 has been reviewed in order to allow suggestions for outpatient conservative treatment and inpatient rehabilitation. DISCUSSION: Today, for both @entity0 and adolescents, we are able to offer intensive rehabilitation programmes lasting three to five days, which enable the @entity0 to acquire the skills necessary to prevent postures fostering @entity5 in everyday life without missing too much of school teaching subjects at home. The secondary functional impairments adult @entity5 @entity0 might have, as in the opinion of the author, still today require the time of 3-4 weeks in the clinical in- @entity0 setting. Time to address psychosocial as well as somatic limitations, namely chronic @entity3 and cardiorespiratory malfunction is needed to preserve the @entity0 working capability in the long-term. CONCLUSION: Outpatient treatment/rehabilitation is sufficient for adolescents with @entity2 .Inpatient rehabilitation is recommended for @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity3 or severe @entity1 .

title: XXXX rehabilitation - state of the art review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and treadmill walk tests (TMW) are commonly used to assess post- @entity2 @entity0 (PSP) aerobic capacity. However, these tests are not without their limitations (e.g. limited sensitivity to change and the use of external pacing). Therefore, there is a need for additional tools to assess PSP aerobic capacity. OBJECTIVE: To establish the feasibility, convergent validity, and metabolic, cardiac, and respiratory responses of a stair climbing test (SC), among chronic PSP. METHODS: Nineteen chronic PSP conducted SC, TMW, and 6MWT. Metabolic ( @entity1 consumption - @entity3 ), cardiac (heart rate), and respiratory (ventilation volume, breathing frequency, and tidal volume) measures were established. Adverse events were documented. Correlations established the convergent validity of the SC test. A repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to compare the @entity0 's physiological responses at the end of the various tests. RESULTS: SC is feasible and safe, as all @entity0 completed the test with no adverse events. The SC demonstrated convergent validity as numerous associations were found between SC and TMW, and 6MWT. Metabolic, cardiac, and respiratory responses to the SC were significantly higher than these of the TMW and 6MWT (e.g. VO2   =   13.43        2.19, 11.01        2.0, and 11.26        1.87ml/kg/min, respectively) (P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: SC is a feasible and valid test within chronic PSP. SC is more metabolically demanding than TMW and 6MW and therefore, may enable appropriate endurance capacity measurement, especially for high functioning PSP. Negotiating stairs is a common community ambulation requirement. Therefore, it is appropriate to incorporate SC test in PSP testing battery.

title: Stair climbing test post- XXXX : feasibility, convergent validity and metabolic, cardiac, and respiratory responses.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The adverse cardiovascular events induced by ambient fine particles (PM2.5) are paid more attention in the world. The current study was conducted to explore the mechanisms of T regulatory cells (Treg) responses in PM2.5-induced exacerbation of @entity7 . The male BALB/c @entity0 were administered an intratracheal (i.t.) instillation of 10   mg/kg b.w. PM2.5 suspension. Twenty-four hours later, the @entity0 were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 100    l of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) diluted in Eagle's minimal essential medium (EMEM). Seven days after the treatment, serum, splenetic, and cardiac tissues were examined. The results showed that pre-exposure to PM2.5 aggravated the @entity2 in the CVB3-infected @entity0 along with an increase of Treg cells in the spleen. The mRNA expressions of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity4 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and @entity8 were up-regulated in the PM2.5-pretreated @entity0 than that in the CVB3-treated @entity0 . Similar results were found in the sera. In addition, compared with the CVB3-treated @entity0 , the cardiac protein expression of @entity5 increased in the PM2.5-pretreated @entity0 . These results demonstrated that preexposure to PM2.5 exacerbated virus-induced @entity7 possibly through the @entity3 of the immune response and increase of @entity1 in myocardium through the Treg responses.

title: Treg responses are associated with PM2.5-induced exacerbation of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Polygenetic effect has rarely been addressed in the genetic studies of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). We used the largest and ethnically homogeneous angiographic cohort to analyze multilocus data in renin-angiotensin system genes, and provide an explicit demonstration of gene-gene interactions. METHODS: A total of 1254 consecutive @entity0 who underwent cardiac catheterization (735 with @entity1 and 519 without) were recruited. Angiotensin converting enzyme( @entity2 ) gene I/D polymorphism; @entity9 , @entity4 , @entity11 , @entity8 , @entity10 , and @entity7 polymorphisms of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) gene; and @entity6 polymorphism of the angiotensin II type I receptor ( @entity5 ) gene were genotyped. We used a regression approach based on a generalized linear model to evaluate haplotype effects, adjust non-genetic confounding effects and detect gene-gene interaction between @entity2 and @entity5 genes. RESULTS: We found significant differences in global @entity3 gene haplotype profile and individual haplotypes between cases and controls. Significant two-way and three-way gene-gene interactions between @entity2 I/D, @entity5 @entity6 polymorphisms and @entity3 gene haplotypes were detected. However, subjects carrying both D allele and GGCATC haplotype had an increased risk of @entity1 (odds ratio=1.63 [1.16-2.29]; P=0.004). We also used haplotype counting to directly estimate the odds ratio of each specific @entity3 gene haplotype, and found that the effects of haplotypes were markedly different in subgroups with different @entity2 or @entity5 gene genotype. CONCLUSIONS: The regression-based haplotype analyses permits simultaneous dectection of multi-locus and multi-gene effects in determining the risk of @entity1 . We provide the paradigm for genetic studies of complex-trait diseases using candidate genes based on biological pathways.

title: Polygenetic regression model of renin-angiotensin system genes and the risk of XXXX in a large angiographic population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The usefulness of ultrasound-guided needle aspiration for @entity3 has been reported. However, no reports have evaluated its usefulness and safety in @entity0 with respiratory comorbidities such as @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ), which can increase the risk of @entity8 . In this study, we evaluated the influence of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) on the usefulness and safety of ultrasound-guided needle aspiration for @entity3 . METHODS: Between January 2000 and September 2011, we examined 144 @entity0 with intrapulmonary @entity3 . We retrospectively reviewed clinical data, including lesion size on thoracic computed tomography (CT), ultrasound findings, pathological findings obtained by ultrasound-guided needle aspiration, final diagnosis, and complications. RESULTS: A positive definitive diagnosis was obtained in 74.3% of all 144 @entity0 ; 84.7% @entity0 with @entity2 , including @entity1 ; and 26.9% @entity0 with benign diseases. Of the 144 @entity0 , 64 belonged to the @entity6 group and 80 to the non- @entity6 group. The former included 31 @entity0 with @entity5 , six with emphysematous changes on thoracic CT, 17 with @entity4 , and 10 with other diseases. The positive rate of diagnosis for @entity2 was 84.7% in the @entity6 group, which was the same as that in the non- @entity6 group. With regard to complications related to ultrasound-guided aspiration, there were only two cases of pneumothorax in the @entity6 group and one in the non- @entity6 group. CONCLUSION: Ultrasound-guided aspiration is safe and useful for @entity3 , particularly malignant lesions, even in @entity0 with respiratory comorbidities such as @entity5 and @entity4 .

title: Do respiratory comorbidities limit the diagnostic usefulness of ultrasound-guided needle aspiration for XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: While circadian dysfunction and @entity3 are correlated, the mechanism for this is not understood. It is not known if age-dependent circadian dysfunction leads to @entity3 , and the proteins that mediate the effect remain unidentified. Here, we show that the knock-down of a regulator (spag) of the circadian kinase Dbt in circadian cells lowers Dbt levels abnormally, lengthens circadian rhythms and causes expression of activated initiator caspase ( @entity8 ) in the optic lobes during the middle of the day or after light pulses at night. Likewise, reduced Dbt activity lengthens circadian period and causes expression of activated @entity8 , and a loss-of-function mutation in @entity7 also leads to expression of activated @entity8 in a light-dependent manner. Genetic epistasis experiments place Dbt downstream of Spag in the pathway, and Spag-dependent reductions of Dbt are shown to require the proteasome. Importantly, activated @entity8 expression due to reduced Spag or Dbt activity occurs in cells that do not express the spag RNAi or dominant negative Dbt and requires PDF neuropeptide signaling from the same neurons that support behavioral rhythms. Furthermore, reduction of Dbt or Spag activity leads to @entity8 -dependent @entity4 @entity5 cleavage and enhanced @entity3 produced by @entity0 Tau in a @entity4 eye model for @entity6 . Aging flies with lowered Dbt or Spag function show markers of cell death as well as @entity2 and shortened lifespans, and even old wild type flies exhibit Dbt modification and activated caspase at particular times of day. These results suggest that Dbt suppresses expression of activated @entity8 to prevent Tau cleavage, and that the circadian clock defects confer sensitivity to expression of activated @entity8 in response to prolonged light. They establish a link between the circadian clock factors, light, cell death pathways and Tau @entity1 , potentially via dysregulation of circadian neuronal remodeling in the optic lobes.

title: XXXX Spaghetti and Doubletime Link the Circadian Clock and Light to Caspases, Apoptosis and @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: While circadian dysfunction and @entity3 are correlated, the mechanism for this is not understood. It is not known if age-dependent circadian dysfunction leads to @entity3 , and the proteins that mediate the effect remain unidentified. Here, we show that the knock-down of a regulator (spag) of the circadian kinase Dbt in circadian cells lowers Dbt levels abnormally, lengthens circadian rhythms and causes expression of activated initiator caspase ( @entity8 ) in the optic lobes during the middle of the day or after light pulses at night. Likewise, reduced Dbt activity lengthens circadian period and causes expression of activated @entity8 , and a loss-of-function mutation in @entity7 also leads to expression of activated @entity8 in a light-dependent manner. Genetic epistasis experiments place Dbt downstream of Spag in the pathway, and Spag-dependent reductions of Dbt are shown to require the proteasome. Importantly, activated @entity8 expression due to reduced Spag or Dbt activity occurs in cells that do not express the spag RNAi or dominant negative Dbt and requires PDF neuropeptide signaling from the same neurons that support behavioral rhythms. Furthermore, reduction of Dbt or Spag activity leads to @entity8 -dependent @entity4 @entity5 cleavage and enhanced @entity3 produced by @entity0 Tau in a @entity4 eye model for @entity6 . Aging flies with lowered Dbt or Spag function show markers of cell death as well as @entity2 and shortened lifespans, and even old wild type flies exhibit Dbt modification and activated caspase at particular times of day. These results suggest that Dbt suppresses expression of activated @entity8 to prevent Tau cleavage, and that the circadian clock defects confer sensitivity to expression of activated @entity8 in response to prolonged light. They establish a link between the circadian clock factors, light, cell death pathways and Tau @entity1 , potentially via dysregulation of circadian neuronal remodeling in the optic lobes.

title: @entity4 Spaghetti and Doubletime Link the Circadian Clock and Light to Caspases, Apoptosis and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ) contributes to morbidity and mortality, but the underlying pathomechanisms remain incompletely understood. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study on 69 @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity6 to further define the correlates of @entity3 activation in this @entity5 . Tissue factor procoagulant activity (TF PCA) of isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and TF expression by circulating microparticles (MPs) were assessed by single-stage clotting and thrombin generation assay, respectively. Soluble plasma TF antigen and secretion of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) by cultured PBMCs were measured by ELISA. Cell-free plasma DNA was quantified by staining with a fluorescent dye. RESULT: TF PCA of PBMCs was significantly increased in @entity6 @entity0 as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, TF PCA was significantly associated with decompensated @entity7 at presentation, as defined by a plasma fibrinogen level of  <=1  g/L (n  =  11). In addition to TF PCA and circulating blasts, serum @entity4 dehydrogenase, a surrogate marker for @entity8 , correlated with plasma D-Dimer in the total @entity0 cohort and was significantly increased in @entity7 @entity0 , suggesting a role for myeloblast apoptosis/ @entity2 in activation of the TF-dependent coagulation pathway. Consistently, TF-bearing plasma MPs were more frequently detected and levels of soluble TF antigen were significantly higher in @entity7 vs. non- @entity7 @entity0 . No association was found between TF PCA expression and @entity1 secretion by isolated PBMCs, but significantly increased levels of cell-free plasma DNA pointed to a contribution of the intrinsic contact pathway to @entity3 activation in the total @entity0 cohort and in @entity0 with lower TF PCA expression. While PBMC-associated TF PCA had no effect on long-term survival, @entity7 occurrence at presentation increased the risk of early mortality. CONCLUSION: In newly diagnosed @entity6 , TF expression by PBMCs and shedding of TF-bearing plasma MPs are central to the pathogenesis of @entity7 , but additional pathways, such as DNA liberation, may contribute to @entity3 activation.

title: Tissue factor-dependent and -independent pathways of XXXX activation in @entity6 : a single-center cohort study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ) contributes to morbidity and mortality, but the underlying pathomechanisms remain incompletely understood. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study on 69 @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity6 to further define the correlates of @entity3 activation in this @entity5 . Tissue factor procoagulant activity (TF PCA) of isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and TF expression by circulating microparticles (MPs) were assessed by single-stage clotting and thrombin generation assay, respectively. Soluble plasma TF antigen and secretion of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) by cultured PBMCs were measured by ELISA. Cell-free plasma DNA was quantified by staining with a fluorescent dye. RESULT: TF PCA of PBMCs was significantly increased in @entity6 @entity0 as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, TF PCA was significantly associated with decompensated @entity7 at presentation, as defined by a plasma fibrinogen level of  <=1  g/L (n  =  11). In addition to TF PCA and circulating blasts, serum @entity4 dehydrogenase, a surrogate marker for @entity8 , correlated with plasma D-Dimer in the total @entity0 cohort and was significantly increased in @entity7 @entity0 , suggesting a role for myeloblast apoptosis/ @entity2 in activation of the TF-dependent coagulation pathway. Consistently, TF-bearing plasma MPs were more frequently detected and levels of soluble TF antigen were significantly higher in @entity7 vs. non- @entity7 @entity0 . No association was found between TF PCA expression and @entity1 secretion by isolated PBMCs, but significantly increased levels of cell-free plasma DNA pointed to a contribution of the intrinsic contact pathway to @entity3 activation in the total @entity0 cohort and in @entity0 with lower TF PCA expression. While PBMC-associated TF PCA had no effect on long-term survival, @entity7 occurrence at presentation increased the risk of early mortality. CONCLUSION: In newly diagnosed @entity6 , TF expression by PBMCs and shedding of TF-bearing plasma MPs are central to the pathogenesis of @entity7 , but additional pathways, such as DNA liberation, may contribute to @entity3 activation.

title: Tissue factor-dependent and -independent pathways of @entity3 activation in XXXX : a single-center cohort study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Gene therapy offers great potential for @entity2 . However, therapeutic genes could not reach @entity1 spontaneously. @entity1 -targeting gene delivery system is highly desired to transfer exogenous genes throughout the @entity0 focus. In this study, the nanoscopic high-branching dendrimer, @entity7 ( @entity8 ), was selected as the main vector. @entity9 ( @entity6 ), which has been demonstrated to bind specifically to receptor expressed in @entity1 , was exploited as the targeting ligand to conjugate @entity8 via bifunctional @entity3 ( @entity4 ), yielding @entity8 - @entity4 - @entity6 . The cellular uptake of @entity6 itself was observed apparently in C6 @entity1 cells, almost not in 293 cells. The modification of @entity6 could significantly increase the cellular uptake of vectors and the DNA-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) in C6 cells. The in vivo distribution of @entity8 - @entity4 - @entity6 /DNA NPs in the brain was higher than that of @entity8 /DNA NPs and @entity8 - @entity4 /DNA NPs. Furthermore, the gene expression of @entity8 - @entity4 - @entity6 /DNA NPs was higher and  broader in @entity1 than that of unmodified and @entity4 -modified counterparts. The TUNEL analysis showed a more wide-extended apoptosis in the @entity6 -modified group, compared to other groups including commercial @entity5 group. The median survival time of @entity6 -modified group and @entity5 group was 59.5 and 49 days, respectively, significantly longer than that of other groups. The results suggested that @entity6 could be exploited as a special @entity1 -targeting ligand, and @entity8 - @entity4 - @entity6 /DNA NPs is a potential non-viral delivery system for gene therapy of @entity1 via intravenous administration.

title: Targeted delivery of XXXX -modified DNA-loaded nanoparticles to @entity1 via intravenous administration.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Gene therapy offers great potential for @entity2 . However, therapeutic genes could not reach @entity1 spontaneously. @entity1 -targeting gene delivery system is highly desired to transfer exogenous genes throughout the @entity0 focus. In this study, the nanoscopic high-branching dendrimer, @entity7 ( @entity8 ), was selected as the main vector. @entity9 ( @entity6 ), which has been demonstrated to bind specifically to receptor expressed in @entity1 , was exploited as the targeting ligand to conjugate @entity8 via bifunctional @entity3 ( @entity4 ), yielding @entity8 - @entity4 - @entity6 . The cellular uptake of @entity6 itself was observed apparently in C6 @entity1 cells, almost not in 293 cells. The modification of @entity6 could significantly increase the cellular uptake of vectors and the DNA-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) in C6 cells. The in vivo distribution of @entity8 - @entity4 - @entity6 /DNA NPs in the brain was higher than that of @entity8 /DNA NPs and @entity8 - @entity4 /DNA NPs. Furthermore, the gene expression of @entity8 - @entity4 - @entity6 /DNA NPs was higher and  broader in @entity1 than that of unmodified and @entity4 -modified counterparts. The TUNEL analysis showed a more wide-extended apoptosis in the @entity6 -modified group, compared to other groups including commercial @entity5 group. The median survival time of @entity6 -modified group and @entity5 group was 59.5 and 49 days, respectively, significantly longer than that of other groups. The results suggested that @entity6 could be exploited as a special @entity1 -targeting ligand, and @entity8 - @entity4 - @entity6 /DNA NPs is a potential non-viral delivery system for gene therapy of @entity1 via intravenous administration.

title: Targeted delivery of @entity9 -modified DNA-loaded nanoparticles to XXXX via intravenous administration.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Shoulder arthroplasty is associated with significant @entity2 , often requiring blood transfusion. Hemostatic agents are used in various surgical specialties to minimize @entity2 , but to date few studies have examined their efficacy in shoulder arthroplasty. We retrospectively reviewed 211 consecutive shoulder arthroplasty cases performed by a single surgeon. Our hypothesis was that @entity0 treated with a topical @entity3 prepared with a hemostatic matrix (Surgiflo) would have decreased perioperative @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity1 or preexisting @entity4 were excluded. Control @entity0 were managed December 2012 through April 2013. Study @entity0 were managed May 2013 through August 2013 using the same surgical technique with the additional application of the hemostatic agent before closure. Charts were reviewed for demographics, estimated @entity2 , drain output, transfusion rates, and complications. @entity2 was calculated using a validated method. There were no differences in estimated @entity2 (P = .301), drain output (P = .906), or hidden @entity2 (P = .601) between groups. There was no increased incidence of transfusion between study (25%) and control (20%) groups (P = .407). No increased complications resulted from use of the hemostatic agent (P = .764). On the basis of these results, we cannot conclude that this topical hemostatic agent is effective as a @entity2 management tool in shoulder arthroplasty.

title: Use of a Topical XXXX -Based Hemostatic Agent in Shoulder Arthroplasty.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Failure of the heart rate to rise normally during an incremental exercise test is termed chronotropic incompetence (CI). It is common in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and we wanted to explore the relation between CI and outcome in unselected @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: 411 @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) were included. CI was defined as a failure to achieve 80% of the maximum predicted heart rate (HR). A CI index was also calculated: (Peak HR-Rest HR)/(220-age-Rest HR)   100. Cox regression was used to assess the univariate and multivariate relationship between variables and all-cause mortality. Survivors were followed for a median of 89months (IQR 62.8-98.6). The majority were male (81.4%) with a median age of 67years (IQR 60-73). A subgroup of 266 @entity0 had NT-proBNP values. RESULTS: CI was present in 42.3% of the population. The mean CI index was 65.7% (SD 41.3%). @entity0 without CI exercised for longer (510s) and had higher peak VO(2) values (21.1mL/kg/min) than those with CI (424 seconds and 18mL/kg/min). Only peak VO(2), age and b blocker use were independent prognostic variables. In the subset of @entity0 with NT-proBNP available, Log[NT-proBNP] was the most powerful predictor of mortality followed by peak VO(2) and b blocker use. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with CI had lower exercise time and peak VO(2). However CI was not a significant predictor of mortality in @entity0 with @entity1 undergoing CPET.

title: Chronotropic incompetence and survival in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate how enrichment for responders increases assay sensitivity in an enriched enrollment randomized withdrawal (EERW) proof-of-concept (POC) study in @entity1 . Adults with moderate to severe peripheral @entity1 entered a 3- to 4-day screening period, followed by a 12-day titration to the highest tolerated dose that provided @entity2 control (pregabalin 50-200mg t.i.d.), and then a 9-day maintenance period. Subjects were stratified as primary responders (   30%), secondary responders (   10% to <30%), or nonresponders (<10%) based on decrease in @entity2 intensity and were randomized to placebo or @entity4 during the randomized withdrawal period. The primary endpoint was mean of average 24-h @entity2 intensity during the last 3days of treatment period relative to the 3days before randomization. Time-to-efficacy-failure was the key secondary endpoint. Other features included not requiring discontinuation of current analgesic therapies and blinding investigators to study design elements that could contribute to non-treatment-related responses. Effect size (ES) (mean treatment difference/SD) was used to measure assay sensitivity. @entity4 -treated subjects (n=52) had significantly less @entity2 than those receiving placebo (n=51) (P   .003). Effect size of the primary endpoint was 0.72 for primary responders and decreased if secondary and nonresponders were included in the analysis. The highest ES (1.68) was demonstrated for the endpoint time-to-efficacy-failure seen in primary responders with @entity3 . The EERW trial design using time-to-efficacy-failure may provide a sensitive and efficient method to conduct POC studies of novel therapies in @entity0 with @entity1 . Enriching a study population with @entity0 who have achieved a 30% decrease in @entity2 with an investigational therapy, and using time-to-efficacy-failure during the randomized withdrawal phase as the primary endpoint, can be used for a proof-of-concept study to optimize assay sensitivity and efficiently determine the analgesic potential of a new treatment for @entity1 .

title: Impact of responder definition on the enriched enrollment randomized withdrawal trial design for establishing proof of concept in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity8 is the most common cause of @entity4 in @entity7 @entity0 . Depletion of @entity11 cells, such as occurs during advanced @entity7 , is known to be a critical risk factor for developing @entity9 . However, the role of @entity6 -induced innate @entity2 in susceptibility to @entity9 has not been evaluated. Thus, we sought to determine the role of Type I IFN induction in host defense against cryptococci by treatment of @entity8 (H99) infected @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ), a dsRNA virus mimic. Unexpectedly, @entity14 treatment greatly extended survival of infected @entity1 and reduced fungal burdens in the brain. Protection from @entity9 by @entity14 -induced Type I IFN was mediated by @entity15 rather than @entity13 . @entity14 treatment induced a large, rapid and sustained influx of neutrophils and Ly6Chigh monocytes into the lung while suppressing the development of @entity10 . The @entity14 -mediated protection against H99 was @entity11 T cell dependent and analysis of @entity11 T cell polyfunctionality showed a reduction in @entity3 producing @entity11 T cells, marginal increases in Th1 cells and dramatic increases in RORyt+ Th17 cells in @entity14 treated @entity1 . Moreover, the protective effect of @entity14 against H99 was diminished in IFNy KO @entity1 and by @entity5 neutralization with blocking mAbs. Furthermore, @entity14 treatment also significantly extended survival of @entity12 infected @entity1 with reduced fungal loads in the lungs. These data demonstrate that induction of type I IFN dramatically improves host resistance against the etiologic agents of @entity9 by beneficial alterations in both innate and adaptive immune responses.

title: Type I IFN Induction via Poly-ICLC Protects @entity1 against XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity8 is the most common cause of @entity4 in @entity7 @entity0 . Depletion of @entity11 cells, such as occurs during advanced @entity7 , is known to be a critical risk factor for developing @entity9 . However, the role of @entity6 -induced innate @entity2 in susceptibility to @entity9 has not been evaluated. Thus, we sought to determine the role of Type I IFN induction in host defense against cryptococci by treatment of @entity8 (H99) infected @entity1 with @entity14 ( @entity14 ), a dsRNA virus mimic. Unexpectedly, @entity14 treatment greatly extended survival of infected @entity1 and reduced fungal burdens in the brain. Protection from @entity9 by @entity14 -induced Type I IFN was mediated by @entity15 rather than @entity13 . @entity14 treatment induced a large, rapid and sustained influx of neutrophils and Ly6Chigh monocytes into the lung while suppressing the development of @entity10 . The @entity14 -mediated protection against H99 was @entity11 T cell dependent and analysis of @entity11 T cell polyfunctionality showed a reduction in @entity3 producing @entity11 T cells, marginal increases in Th1 cells and dramatic increases in RORyt+ Th17 cells in @entity14 treated @entity1 . Moreover, the protective effect of @entity14 against H99 was diminished in IFNy KO @entity1 and by @entity5 neutralization with blocking mAbs. Furthermore, @entity14 treatment also significantly extended survival of @entity12 infected @entity1 with reduced fungal loads in the lungs. These data demonstrate that induction of type I IFN dramatically improves host resistance against the etiologic agents of @entity9 by beneficial alterations in both innate and adaptive immune responses.

title: Type I IFN Induction via Poly-ICLC Protects XXXX against @entity9 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Significant incremental advances in the use of systemic hormonal therapy and chemotherapy for the treatment of @entity0 have occurred in the past few years. Benefits of systemic therapy can be broadly divided into two major categories. The first is the favorable impact of systemic adjuvant therapy on recurrence and survival following primary surgical therapy for early stage disease. In this setting, both hormonal therapy and chemotherapy are effective. The results of recent trials as well as an overview analysis of randomized studies, have been able to further delineate, although not unequivocally, for which populations of @entity1 a given type of therapy is most efficacious. Additionally, a more precise estimate of the reduction in odds of relapse and @entity3 afforded by a given therapy and within a defined @entity1 subgroups is now possible, and these may be helpful in guiding clinical decision-making. Second, the treatment of advanced @entity2 remains challenging due to the inability to induce long-term remissions or cures despite common initial responsiveness to hormonal therapy or chemotherapy. Over the last decade, only a few new drugs have been approved for the treatment of @entity0 , although several promising chemotherapeutic and biological agents are under scientific and clinical development. The use of therapy in this setting is therefore currently aimed at improving symptoms and quality of life. The use of conventional and novel chemotherapeutic agents at escalated doses with the use of hematopoietic growth factors, peripheral stem cells or autologous marrow support in terms of improved response rates and the potential to prolong survival, achieve long-terms remissions or cures, and improve quality of life is under active investigation.

title: Chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The physiological responses of the @entity0 -hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata, such as @entity0 uptake and chemical transformation in the fern, have been investigated. However, a few questions remain regarding @entity0 treatment in hydroponics. Incubation conditions such as aeration, @entity0 concentration, and incubation period might affect those responses of P. vittata in hydroponics. @entity1 uptake was low under anaerobic conditions, as previously reported. However, in an @entity1 uptake experiment, phosphorous (P) starvation-dependent uptake of @entity2 was observed under aerobic conditions. Time course-dependent analysis of @entity1 oxidation showed that @entity1 was gradually oxidized to @entity2 during incubation. @entity1 oxidation was not observed in any of the control conditions, such as exposure to a nutrient solution or to culture medium only, or with the use of dried root; @entity1 oxidation was only observed when live root was used. This result suggests that sufficient aeration allows the rhizosphere system to oxidize @entity1 and enables the fern to efficiently take up @entity1 as @entity2 . X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analyses showed that long-duration exposure to @entity0 using a hydroponic system led to the accumulation of @entity2 as the dominant species in the root tips, but not in the whole roots, partly because up-regulation of @entity2 uptake by P starvation of the fern was caused and retained by long-time incubation. Analysis of concentration-dependent @entity2 uptake by P. vittata showed that the uptake switched from a high-affinity transport system to a low-affinity system at high @entity2 concentrations, which partially explains the increased @entity2 abundance in the whole root.

title: Effects of cultivation conditions on the uptake of @entity1 and XXXX chemical species accumulated by Pteris vittata in hydroponics.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The physiological responses of the @entity0 -hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata, such as @entity0 uptake and chemical transformation in the fern, have been investigated. However, a few questions remain regarding @entity0 treatment in hydroponics. Incubation conditions such as aeration, @entity0 concentration, and incubation period might affect those responses of P. vittata in hydroponics. @entity1 uptake was low under anaerobic conditions, as previously reported. However, in an @entity1 uptake experiment, phosphorous (P) starvation-dependent uptake of @entity2 was observed under aerobic conditions. Time course-dependent analysis of @entity1 oxidation showed that @entity1 was gradually oxidized to @entity2 during incubation. @entity1 oxidation was not observed in any of the control conditions, such as exposure to a nutrient solution or to culture medium only, or with the use of dried root; @entity1 oxidation was only observed when live root was used. This result suggests that sufficient aeration allows the rhizosphere system to oxidize @entity1 and enables the fern to efficiently take up @entity1 as @entity2 . X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analyses showed that long-duration exposure to @entity0 using a hydroponic system led to the accumulation of @entity2 as the dominant species in the root tips, but not in the whole roots, partly because up-regulation of @entity2 uptake by P starvation of the fern was caused and retained by long-time incubation. Analysis of concentration-dependent @entity2 uptake by P. vittata showed that the uptake switched from a high-affinity transport system to a low-affinity system at high @entity2 concentrations, which partially explains the increased @entity2 abundance in the whole root.

title: Effects of cultivation conditions on the uptake of XXXX and @entity0 chemical species accumulated by Pteris vittata in hydroponics.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A male-specific component, @entity3 ( @entity2 ) works as an anti-aphrodisiac pheromone in @entity0 . The presence of @entity2 on a male suppresses the courtship motivation of other males and contributes to suppression of male-male homosexual courtship, while the absence of @entity2 on a female stimulates the sexual motivation of nearby males and enhances the male-female interaction. However, little is known how a male distinguishes the presence or absence of @entity2 on a target @entity0 from either self-produced @entity2 or secondhand @entity2 from other males in the vicinity. In this study, we demonstrate that male flies have keen sensitivity to @entity2 ; therefore, the presence of another male in the area reduces courtship toward a female. This reduced level of sexual motivation, however, could be overcome by pretest odor exposure via olfactory habituation to @entity2 . Real-time imaging of @entity2 -responsive sensory neurons using the neural activity sensor revealed that prolonged exposure to @entity2 decreased the levels of @entity2 responses in the primary olfactory center. Pharmacological and genetic screening revealed that signal transduction via GABAA receptors contributed to this olfactory habituation. We also found that the habituation experience increased the copulation success of wild-type males in a group. In contrast, transgenic males, in which @entity1 input in a small subset of local neurons was blocked by RNAi, failed to acquire the sexual advantage conferred by habituation. Thus, we illustrate a novel phenomenon in which olfactory habituation positively affects sexual capability in a competitive environment.

title: Modification of Male Courtship Motivation by Olfactory Habituation via the GABAA Receptor in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Yixintai Granule (YG) on mRNA and protein expression levels of @entity5 in renal medulla of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity1 . METHODS: @entity3 @entity0 model was established by ear marginal vein injection of @entity2 . Successfully modeled @entity1 were divided into the model group, the high (8.4 g/kg), middle (4.2 g/kg), and low dose (2.1 g/kg) YG group, and the @entity4 group (2 mg/kg). Besides, a normal control group was set up. Equal volume of physiological saline was administered to @entity1 of the model group and the normal control group by gastrogavage. YG at different doses was administered to @entity1 of the 3 YG groups by gastrogavage. The intervention lasted for 4 weeks, once per day. After treatment the urine volume and pathomorphological changes of renal medulla tissue were observed. mRNA and its protein expression levels of @entity5 were detected. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the urine volume decreased significantly, mRNA and protein expression levels of renal medulla @entity5 increased significantly in the model group (all P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the urine volume increased significantly, and mRNA and protein expression levels of renal medulla @entity5 decreased significantly in all medicated groups (all P < 0.01). Compared with the low dose YG group, the urine volume significantly increased and the mRNA expression level of renal medulla @entity5 significantly decreased in the middle and high dose YG groups (all P < 0.01). The expression level of @entity5 protein significantly decreased in the high dose YG group (P < 0.01). Pathological changes of the renal medulla was the most obviously seen in the model group. But they were alleviated to various degrees in all medicated groups. They were more obviously attenuated in the middle and high dose YG groups. CONCLUSION: YG could improve @entity3 possibly through down-regulating mRNA and protein expression levels of @entity5 in renal medulla, and elevating the urine volume.

title: [Effect of Yixintai Granule on mRNA and protein expression levels of AQP, in renal medulla of XXXX @entity1 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Yixintai Granule (YG) on mRNA and protein expression levels of @entity5 in renal medulla of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity1 . METHODS: @entity3 @entity0 model was established by ear marginal vein injection of @entity2 . Successfully modeled @entity1 were divided into the model group, the high (8.4 g/kg), middle (4.2 g/kg), and low dose (2.1 g/kg) YG group, and the @entity4 group (2 mg/kg). Besides, a normal control group was set up. Equal volume of physiological saline was administered to @entity1 of the model group and the normal control group by gastrogavage. YG at different doses was administered to @entity1 of the 3 YG groups by gastrogavage. The intervention lasted for 4 weeks, once per day. After treatment the urine volume and pathomorphological changes of renal medulla tissue were observed. mRNA and its protein expression levels of @entity5 were detected. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the urine volume decreased significantly, mRNA and protein expression levels of renal medulla @entity5 increased significantly in the model group (all P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the urine volume increased significantly, and mRNA and protein expression levels of renal medulla @entity5 decreased significantly in all medicated groups (all P < 0.01). Compared with the low dose YG group, the urine volume significantly increased and the mRNA expression level of renal medulla @entity5 significantly decreased in the middle and high dose YG groups (all P < 0.01). The expression level of @entity5 protein significantly decreased in the high dose YG group (P < 0.01). Pathological changes of the renal medulla was the most obviously seen in the model group. But they were alleviated to various degrees in all medicated groups. They were more obviously attenuated in the middle and high dose YG groups. CONCLUSION: YG could improve @entity3 possibly through down-regulating mRNA and protein expression levels of @entity5 in renal medulla, and elevating the urine volume.

title: [Effect of Yixintai Granule on mRNA and protein expression levels of AQP, in renal medulla of @entity3 XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Effect of @entity3 (antiplatelet agents) in @entity0 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) was still controversial. Varying studies reported varying results. Therefore, we did this meta-analysis to investigate if @entity3 could reduce cardiovascular events in @entity0 with @entity8 .A comprehensive literature search (PubMed, CCTR, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM-disc, and relevant websites) was conducted from 1990 to September 2014. The key search terms (" @entity3 ," " @entity8 ," "peripheral @entity5 ," and "claudication") produced 9 high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of @entity3 versus placebo/control. Mantel-Haenszel random-effects model was used to analysis of the 9 RCTs. The primary outcome was the cardiovascular events.Nine RCTs, composed of 9526 @entity0 (4786 @entity3 -treated and 4740 placebo or control-treated @entity0 ), were meta-analyzed. The results indicated that compared to placebo/control, @entity3 could not significantly reduce the cardiovascular events (OR=0.81, 95% CI=0.56-1.15). Moreover, @entity3 could not produce better effect on prevention of nonfatal @entity7 (OR=0.98, 95% CI=0.52-1.84), @entity1 (OR=0.89, 95% CI=0.69-1.14), @entity2 (OR=0.97, 95% CI=0.68-1.38), any @entity4 (OR=1.05, 95% CI=0.85-1.30), and major @entity6 (OR=1.16, 95% CI=0.82-1.65) than placebo/control. But @entity3 , as monotherapy therapy, did significantly reduce the risk of @entity1 (OR=0.42, 95% CI=0.21-0.84). @entity3 , as monotherapy or combination therapy, did not result in a significant decrease in the cardiovascular events. But @entity3 , as monotherapy therapy, did significantly reduce the risk of @entity1 . Our conclusion might help clinicians in clinical treating @entity8 . Future studies are needed to draw firm conclusions about the clinical benefit and risks of @entity3 and other antiplatelet agents.

title: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on Antiplatelet Agents Versus Placebo/Control for Treating XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study aimed to determine the expression of insulin like growth factor (IGF) genes in the bubaline ovarian follicles and modulatory role of IGF-I on @entity1 production from granulosa cells (GC) of pre-ovulatory follicle in vitro. According to size, follicles were classified into four groups: GI (small), GII (medium), GIII (large) and @entity2 (preovulatory). All IGF genes were expressed in both GC and theca interna (TI) cells. The relative expression of IGF-I and IGF receptor I (IGFR-I) genes increased with follicle size and was greatest in the pre-ovulatory follicle (P<0.05). Expression of @entity3 and IGFR-II genes was minimal in GC but was readily detected in TI cells. In TI cells, the gene expression was greater in medium and large as compared to small and pre-ovulatory follicles. The expression of all binding protein (IGFBP) genes was detected in both GC and TI cells. Expression of @entity4 gene increased with follicle size and was greatest in pre-ovulatory follicles (P<0.05). The expression of @entity5 and @entity6 was less in pre-ovulatory follicles but expression of @entity7 and @entity8 genes were greater at this stage. The GC culture was conducted for three time durations and with three doses of IGF-I. Expression of steroidogenic genes (StAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B) and @entity1 concentration were increased in a dose and time dependent fashion. The present study, therefore, provided evidence of an autocrine/paracrine role of IGFs in follicular development and a stimulatory role of @entity9 in @entity0 production in GC of preovulatory follicles in the bubaline species.

title: Localization of IGF proteins in various stages of ovarian follicular development and modulatory role of IGF-I on granulosa cell XXXX production in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are limited data on sternotomy as a cause of chronic @entity1 , mainly restricted to 1 year after surgery. AIMS: To assess the prevalence of chronic @entity1 and its interference on daily living. METHODS: In three groups of @entity0 , a standardized telephone interview was obtained at 3 months (n=313), 1 year (n=313), and 3 years (n=319) following the rehabilitation program after cardiac surgery, in 11 rehabilitation centers. Presence, site, and the severity and interference of @entity1 on selected daily living items were assessed. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity1 after cardiac surgery was 35.3% in the 3-month group, 26.8% in the 1-year group, and 19.8% in the 3-year group (P<0.0001). @entity1 in the 3-year group was rated as moderate to severe in one-third of the @entity0 . In @entity0 aged above 75 years, the prevalence of @entity1 in the 3-month and the 3-year group was nonsignificantly different [34.2 and 29.3%, respectively (NS)]. In the 3-month group, @entity1 was more frequent in the female (51.4%) than in the male @entity0 (31.3%; P<0.01); in the remaining groups, a comparable prevalence was documented. CONCLUSION: Results form this large, retrospective, multicenter survey indicated that one out of five @entity0 still complain @entity1 at 3 years after cardiac surgery; persistence of @entity1 was more common in the older @entity0 . The approach to management of @entity2 by cardiologists and cardiac surgeons should be improved.

title: A retrospective multicenter study on long-term prevalence of XXXX after cardiac surgery.

answer: @entity2