abstract: BACKGROUND: The root bark extract of Zanthoxylum xanthozyloides is used in folklore medicine in Ghana and Nigeria to treat @entity1 . A previous pharmacological study confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the extract on vascular response in @entity1 . METHOD: The extract was obtained by Soxhlet extraction and rotatory evaporation, followed by freeze-drying. Groups of @entity2 (with carrageenin-induced paw @entity1 ) and @entity0 (with @entity5 -induced @entity1 ) were, respectively, assigned randomly to treatment groups. The animals were given three different treatments orally: 0.9% saline (control), the extract (400mg/kg and 800mg/kg for @entity0 ; 1000mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, and 4000mg/kg for @entity2 ), and @entity4 (5mg/kg and 10mg/kg for @entity0 ; 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg, and 40mg/kg for @entity2 ). In another set of experiment, each treatment group received @entity3 subcutaneously (30  g/kg for @entity2 and 20  g/kg for @entity0 ) in addition to the specified treatment aforementioned. In both sets of experiments, each group of @entity2 was rotated through the entire treatment groups such that each animal served as control as well as received all the treatments. Analysis of variance was used as the statistical test. RESULTS: The extract and @entity4 both caused dose-dependent reduction in the carrageenin-induced increase in paw volume in @entity2 and also reduced @entity5 -induced increase in blood flow in @entity0 pinna arteries. @entity3 enhanced the decrease in capillary permeability and vasodilatation caused by low dose extract but not that caused by high dose extract or both low and high dose @entity4 . CONCLUSION: The extract reduced vasodilatation and decreased capillary permeability in @entity1 .

title: Inhibition of vascular response in XXXX by crude aqueous extract of the root bark of zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 is a potent growth inhibitor of different @entity0 cell lines. The steroid hormone is not only synthesized in the kidney, but also at extrarenal sites. Unfortunately, this potential autocrine/paracrine defense mechanism is lost during the late stages of @entity1 progression. It is therefore desirable to find a pharmacological means to maintain or enhance endogenous production of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 during early periods in tumorigenesis. The phytoestrogen genistein was shown to regulate different cytochrome P450 enzymes, a family of proteins to which both of the vitamin D-metabolizing @entity2 (1alpha-hydroxylase) and @entity4 (24-hydroxylase) belong. Therefore, we used two @entity1 cell lines, Caco-2 and COGA-1, and investigated possible influences of genistein on different parameters of extrarenal vitamin D metabolism by HPLC, RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. Differences between the two cell lines were found in both their basic enzymatic activities and in their response to treatment with 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. Whereas Caco-2 cells responded to administration of 100 nM genistein with a down-regulation of 24-hydroxylase activity, COGA-1 cells showed not only a significant down-regulation of 24-hydroxylase protein expression, but also a clear induction of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) expression. Similar effects on @entity3 expression were achieved by administration of 10 nM 17beta-estradiol. This suggests an estrogenic mode of action of genistein, which might be dependent on differential distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta in our cell lines.

title: Phytoestrogens and 17beta-estradiol influence vitamin D metabolism and receptor expression-relevance for XXXX prevention.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Subchondral @entity4 have been found with arthroscopy in one third of @entity0 with dislocated @entity1 . The aim of the present, prospective study was to determine whether these @entity4 might cause radiographic @entity3 . We studied 41 @entity0 (age 20-57 years, 22 @entity0 ) with a dislocated distal radial @entity1 . At the time of @entity1 , 12 @entity0 had subchondral @entity4 in a radiocarpal compartment without a @entity1 line, as defined by arthroscopy. The 1-year follow-up included clinical and radiographic examinations. At follow-up, radiographic subchondral bone plate changes occurred in unfractured compartments in 8 @entity0 , of whom 7 had had a previous arthroscopically diagnosed @entity4 (p = 0.02) in the same compartment. Of the 8 @entity0 with radiographic changes, 4 had also developed joint @entity2 ( @entity3 ( @entity3 ) grade 1) after 1 year and 6 after 3 years. All but 1 had had a @entity4 in the same compartment. More importantly, 3 of the 16 @entity0 with entirely extra-articular @entity1 had subchondral bone plate changes in a compartment corresponding to a previous @entity4 (p = 0.02). One of these had also developed joint @entity2 . The @entity0 with radiographic changes had a worse outcome, as measured with the Gartland and Werley wrist score (p = 0.06). In conclusion, subchondral @entity4 in @entity1 can lead to early onset of mild @entity3 and worse outcome after 1 year.

title: Cartilage injuries in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 with nasopharyngeal primary location are relatively rare in @entity0 . One of the most frequent paediatric @entity1 in this region is the undifferentiated @entity1 (UCNT). These @entity1 are usually revealed by nasal obstruction, @entity2 or cervical nodal involvement. The nasopharyngeal mass can be discovered during an ear-nose and throat examination and confirmed after medical imaging investigation. Diagnostic is obtained by nasopharyngeal mass or cervical nodal biopsy. This @entity1 has a high chemo and radio-sensibility in @entity0 . Irradiation of the cavum and the nodes areas remains as the reference treatment of this disease. Most paediatric protocols add chemotherapy to radiotherapy. The value of concomitant or adjuvant chemotherapy is still debated in paediatric population. It was shown that the T and N staging at diagnosis determined by the classification @entity3 is a major prognostic factor. Due to the importance of the loco-regional sequelae after irradiation and the satisfactory global prognosis, the actual trend is a decrease in the total dose of irradiation delivered, particularly for @entity0 with a good response to first chemotherapy. This article sheds light on the particularities of UCNT in paediatric @entity0 .

title: [Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma in adolescent and XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The clinical presentation of low @entity5 of the head and neck (LFVM) can range from a birthmark to severe @entity1 or relevant @entity2 . The values of Brightness mode (B-mode) ultrasound and Doppler sonography in the investigation, identifying and differentiating of these lesions has been sparingly documented in the literature. This study evaluates the sonografic features of different morphological subtypes of LFVM. This is a 2-year retrospective study of 51 @entity0 who presented with LFVM based on routine ultrasound exam in the context of their clinical consultation. Diagnosis was based on the clinical and histological findings. B-mode, color coded duplex and spectral Doppler measurements were performed for venous, lymphatic, capillary, and mixed venous-lymphatic lesions of the head and neck. The echogenicity of the majority of @entity4 was heterogenic, of most @entity3 , and of all @entity3 isoechoic. Blood flow was detected in only 11 cases (36.7%) of @entity4 with a monophasic pattern. There was a statistical significant difference in the mean minimum and maximum Doppler shifts between venous and @entity3 for cases when the blood flow was evident. No statistical significant difference in Doppler parameters existed between capillary and lymphatic, neither between venous and capillary nor mixed @entity3 . Phleboliths were present in eight cases (26.7%) of @entity4 and were not detectable in any other subtype of LFVM. The detection of flow in ultrasound was only possible in a small portion of LFVM. When considering differentiating among LFVM, features such as the echogenecity, spectral Doppler wave forms, and the evidence of phleboliths contribute to establish the correct diagnosis.

title: XXXX of the head and neck: a study on brightness mode, color coded duplex and spectral Doppler sonography.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential of @entity1 bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) to differentiate into vascular smooth muscle cells so as to contribute to neointimal formation after @entity4 . METHODS: @entity1 MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and cultured in M199 with 10% @entity5 supplemented with medium conditioned from @entity0 smooth muscle cell culture to induce differentiation. Immunofluorescent technique was used to observe the morphology of cells to examine the smooth muscle characters. Vasoactive substance was added onto the cultured smooth muscle-like cells. Inverted microscopy was used to observe the contractile changes of the cells. RESULTS: After 6 passages of subculture in differentiation medium, MSCs demonstrated smooth muscle cell-like spindle-shaped morphology and assumed a hill-and-valley growth pattern. Immunofluorescent technique revealed positive signals for alpha-smooth muscle actin, calponin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chains. The smooth muscle cell-like cells displayed robust @entity3 transients. In response to stimulation of vasoactive substance the [ @entity2 ] of the cells instantaneously increased which was coupled by prominent cell contraction. CONCLUSION: MSCs can differentiate into vascular smooth muscle cells with contractile ability. This model may be useful in study of smooth muscle cell differentiation and the origin of neointimal cells after @entity4 .

title: [Bone marrow stromal cells of adult XXXX differentiate into smooth muscle cells in vitro].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Studies on molecular interactions between cellular receptors of @entity2 showing receptor-binding activity are of great relevance for understanding the molecular basis of virus entry. Information on such interactions further provides the basis for a rational design of antiviral drugs. A variety of biochemical and biophysical methodologies are used for determining the binding parameters of interacting biomolecules. Most of them require relatively high amounts of the analyzed compounds, or the use of labeled target molecules. Here, we report the study of the binding of two recombinant forms of HSV @entity3 , gD(Delta 290-299t) and gD(305t), and a recombinant form of the @entity0 cellular receptor for HSV, @entity4 -Fc, by using an optical biosensor (IAsys Plus, Affinity Sensors, UK). This device detects and quantifies the changes in refractive index in the vicinity of the surface of sensor chips to which ligands are immobilized. The changes in the refractive index are proportional to the change in the absorbed mass, thus the analysis allows the monitoring of the interaction process in real-time and the determination of the binding parameters. HSV cellular receptor has been immobilized on the surface of the biosensor cuvette, bearing a @entity1 dextran layer. The immobilized receptor cuvette was then used for the binding experiments of the two glycoproteins. A significant difference in their dissociation constants was determined, showing for the gD(Delta 290-299t) protein a much higher affinity (K(D), 2.8 x 10(-7) M) with respect to gD(305t) (K(D), 2.8 x 10(-6) M). The active ligand concentration decreased on time, however the binding properties of the immobilized receptor were maintained over 5 weeks.

title: Optical biosensor analysis in studying herpes simplex virus XXXX binding to target @entity4 receptor.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Studies on molecular interactions between cellular receptors of @entity2 showing receptor-binding activity are of great relevance for understanding the molecular basis of virus entry. Information on such interactions further provides the basis for a rational design of antiviral drugs. A variety of biochemical and biophysical methodologies are used for determining the binding parameters of interacting biomolecules. Most of them require relatively high amounts of the analyzed compounds, or the use of labeled target molecules. Here, we report the study of the binding of two recombinant forms of HSV @entity3 , gD(Delta 290-299t) and gD(305t), and a recombinant form of the @entity0 cellular receptor for HSV, @entity4 -Fc, by using an optical biosensor (IAsys Plus, Affinity Sensors, UK). This device detects and quantifies the changes in refractive index in the vicinity of the surface of sensor chips to which ligands are immobilized. The changes in the refractive index are proportional to the change in the absorbed mass, thus the analysis allows the monitoring of the interaction process in real-time and the determination of the binding parameters. HSV cellular receptor has been immobilized on the surface of the biosensor cuvette, bearing a @entity1 dextran layer. The immobilized receptor cuvette was then used for the binding experiments of the two glycoproteins. A significant difference in their dissociation constants was determined, showing for the gD(Delta 290-299t) protein a much higher affinity (K(D), 2.8 x 10(-7) M) with respect to gD(305t) (K(D), 2.8 x 10(-6) M). The active ligand concentration decreased on time, however the binding properties of the immobilized receptor were maintained over 5 weeks.

title: Optical biosensor analysis in studying herpes simplex virus @entity3 binding to target XXXX receptor.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: For @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity2 is a common issue and has a negative impact on quality of life, regardless of whether he has a partner. In general, sexuality encompasses much more than intercourse; it involves body image, identity, romantic and sexual attraction, and sexual thoughts and fantasies. AIM: Acknowledging that @entity1 affects multiple physical and psychosocial domains in @entity0 , the authors propose that such changes also inform sexual function for the male survivor. METHODS: An in-depth review of the literature describing alterations to sexual functioning in @entity0 with @entity1 was undertaken. Based on this and the clinical expertise of the authors, a new model was created and is presented. RESULTS: This biopsychosocial model is intended to expand the understanding of male sexuality beyond a purely biomedical model that @entity4 as distinct from the context of a @entity0 's life and sexual identity. CONCLUSION: Most data on @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 are derived from those with a history of @entity3 , although other data suggest that @entity0 with other types of @entity1 are similarly affected. Unfortunately, male sexuality is often reduced to aspects of erection and performance. Acknowledging that @entity1 affects multiple physical and psychosocial domains in @entity0 , the authors propose that such changes also inform sexual function for the male survivor. This biopsychosocial model might form the basis for interventions for @entity1 that includes a @entity0 and his partner as a complex whole.

title: Sexuality After XXXX : A Model for Male Survivors.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This multi-institutional phase I/II trial explored @entity0 -assessed tolerance of increasingly hypofractionated (HPFX) radiation for low/intermediate risk @entity2 . METHODS: 347 @entity0 enrolled from 2002 to 2010. Three increasing dose-per-fraction schedules of 64.7 Gy/22 fx, 58.08 Gy/16 fx and 51.6 Gy/12 fx were each designed to yield equivalent predicted late @entity1 . Three quality of life (QoL) surveys were administered prior to treatment and annually upto 3 years. RESULTS: Bowel QoL data at 3years revealed no significant difference among regimens (p=0.469). Bowel QoL for all regimens declined transiently, largely recovering by three years, with only the 22 fraction decrement reaching significance. Bladder outcomes at 3 years were comparable (p=0.343) although, for all @entity0 combined, a significant decline was observed from the baseline (p=0.008). Spitzer quality of life data revealed similarly excellent, 3-year means (p=0.188). International erectile function data also revealed no significant differences at 3 years although all measures except intercourse satisfaction worsened post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Three-year QoL changes for bowel, bladder and SQLI were modest and similar for 3 HPFX regimens spanning 2.94-4.3 Gy per fraction. These favorable @entity0 -scored outcomes demonstrate the safety and tolerability of such regimens and may be leveraged to support further implementation of mild to moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy in the setting of low and intermediate-risk @entity2 .

title: Quality of life outcomes from a dose-per-fraction escalation trial of hypofractionation in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The ongoing epidemic of @entity4 has created multiple challenges and continues to raise questions concerning the optimal management of these high-risk @entity0 . Although the overall survival rate has increased over the past 3 decades, morbidity and mortality remain significant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the main factors associated with mortality in neonates admitted to an intensive care unit for the management of this abdominal wall defect. METHODS: This study is a retrospective review of a large de-identified neonatal intensive care dataset encompassing 284 institutions in 32 states and Puerto Rico, from 1/1/1997 to 1/1/2010. Of the 629 440 neonates in the dataset, a total of 3 456 newborns were diagnosed with @entity4 (5.5/1 000 hospital discharges). Of these, 685 were transferred to other centers and data was missing on 22, leaving 2 749 @entity0 available for analysis. RESULTS: Out of these 2 749 @entity0 of whom we knew the outcome, 115 (4.2%) died. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the factors independently associated with an increased risk of @entity2 were male gender, immature gestational age, low birth weight, low 5 min Apgar Score, the need for vasopressors during the first week after birth and the need for high levels of @entity1 support. The presence of associated anomalies, vaginal delivery, treatment with surfactant and the need for ventilator support on the day of birth were not independent risk factors associated with an increased mortality. CONCLUSION: @entity3 and low birth weight are the most important factors associated with an increased risk of mortality. Cesarean section does not appear to reduce the risk.

title: Factors associated with mortality in neonates with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medication is used extensively to treat @entity0 with chronic mental illnesses. Its use, however, is associated with adverse effects, including @entity3 such as @entity4 ( @entity4 ) - a problem often seen as repetitive @entity5 around the mouth and face. @entity2 has been proposed as a treatment to prevent or decrease @entity4 . OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of @entity2 for @entity0 with @entity1 or other chronic mental illnesses who also developed neuroleptic-induced @entity4 . SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane @entity1 Group Trials Register (March 2010), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials and contacted authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included reports if they were controlled trials dealing with @entity0 with neuroleptic-induced @entity4 and @entity1 who had been randomly allocated to either @entity2 or to a placebo or no intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We independently extracted data from these trials and we estimated risk ratios (RR) or mean differences (MD), with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We assumed that @entity0 who dropped out had no improvement. MAIN RESULTS: The review now includes 11 poorly reported randomised trials (total 427 @entity0 ). There was no clear difference between @entity2 and placebo for the outcome of 'clinically relevant improvement in @entity4 ' (6 trials, 256 @entity0 , RR 0.95 CI 0.89 to 1.02). For the outcome of 'any improvement in @entity4 symptoms', again, we found no clear difference between groups (7 trials, 311 @entity0 , RR 0.86 CI 0.75 to 1.00). However, @entity0 allocated to placebo showed more deterioration of their symptoms compared with those given @entity2 (5 trials, 98 @entity0 , RR 0.38 CI 0.16 to 0.9). There was no difference in the incidence of adverse effects (9 trials, 203 @entity0 , RR 1.29 CI 0.51 to 3.24) or leaving the study early (medium term 6 trials, 173 @entity0 , RR 1.29 CI 0.72 to 2.3). There is no trial-based information regarding the effect of @entity2 for those with early onset of @entity4 . AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Small trials of limited quality suggest that @entity2 may protect against @entity4 . There is no evidence that @entity2 improves symptoms of this problematic and disfiguring condition once established. New and better trials are indicated in this under-researched area, and, of the many adjunctive treatments that have been given for @entity4 , @entity2 would be a good choice for further evaluation.

title: @entity2 for neuroleptic-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medication is used extensively to treat @entity0 with chronic mental illnesses. Its use, however, is associated with adverse effects, including @entity3 such as @entity4 ( @entity4 ) - a problem often seen as repetitive @entity5 around the mouth and face. @entity2 has been proposed as a treatment to prevent or decrease @entity4 . OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of @entity2 for @entity0 with @entity1 or other chronic mental illnesses who also developed neuroleptic-induced @entity4 . SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane @entity1 Group Trials Register (March 2010), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials and contacted authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included reports if they were controlled trials dealing with @entity0 with neuroleptic-induced @entity4 and @entity1 who had been randomly allocated to either @entity2 or to a placebo or no intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We independently extracted data from these trials and we estimated risk ratios (RR) or mean differences (MD), with 95% confidence intervals (CI). We assumed that @entity0 who dropped out had no improvement. MAIN RESULTS: The review now includes 11 poorly reported randomised trials (total 427 @entity0 ). There was no clear difference between @entity2 and placebo for the outcome of 'clinically relevant improvement in @entity4 ' (6 trials, 256 @entity0 , RR 0.95 CI 0.89 to 1.02). For the outcome of 'any improvement in @entity4 symptoms', again, we found no clear difference between groups (7 trials, 311 @entity0 , RR 0.86 CI 0.75 to 1.00). However, @entity0 allocated to placebo showed more deterioration of their symptoms compared with those given @entity2 (5 trials, 98 @entity0 , RR 0.38 CI 0.16 to 0.9). There was no difference in the incidence of adverse effects (9 trials, 203 @entity0 , RR 1.29 CI 0.51 to 3.24) or leaving the study early (medium term 6 trials, 173 @entity0 , RR 1.29 CI 0.72 to 2.3). There is no trial-based information regarding the effect of @entity2 for those with early onset of @entity4 . AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Small trials of limited quality suggest that @entity2 may protect against @entity4 . There is no evidence that @entity2 improves symptoms of this problematic and disfiguring condition once established. New and better trials are indicated in this under-researched area, and, of the many adjunctive treatments that have been given for @entity4 , @entity2 would be a good choice for further evaluation.

title: XXXX for neuroleptic-induced @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Study Design Randomized clinical trial. Background Little is known about the efficacy of providing manual therapy in addition to cervical and scapulothoracic stabilization exercises in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Objectives To compare the effects of stabilization exercises plus manual therapy to those of stabilization exercises alone on disability, @entity1 , range of motion (ROM), and quality of life in @entity0 with @entity3 . Methods One hundred two @entity0 with @entity3 (18-65 years of age) were recruited and randomly allocated into 2 groups: stabilization exercise without (n = 51) and with (n = 51) manual therapy. The program was carried out 3 days per week for 4 weeks. The Neck Disability Index, visual analog @entity1 scale, digital algometry of pressure @entity1 threshold, goniometric measurements, and Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey were used to assess @entity0 at baseline and after 4 weeks. Results Improvements in Neck Disability Index score, night @entity1 , rotation ROM, and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey score were greater in the group that received stabilization exercise with manual therapy compared to the group that only received stabilization exercise. Between-group differences (95% confidence interval) were 2.2 (0.1, 4.3) points for the Neck Disability Index, 1.1 (0.0, 2.3) cm for @entity1 at night measured on the visual analog scale, -4.3   (-8.1  , -0.5  ) and -5.0   (-8.2  , -1.7  ) for right and left rotation ROM, respectively, and -2.9 (-5.4, -0.4) points and -3.1 (-6.2, 0.0) points for the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey physical and mental components, respectively. Changes in resting and @entity1 , pressure @entity1 threshold, and cervical extension or lateral flexion ROM did not differ significantly between the groups. Pressure @entity1 threshold increased only in those who received stabilization exercise with manual therapy (P<.05). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that stabilization exercises with manual therapy may be superior to stabilization exercises alone for improving disability, @entity1 intensity at night, @entity2 motion, and quality of life in @entity0 with @entity3 . Level of Evidence Therapy, level 1b. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(2):44-55. Epub 11 Jan 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.5979.

title: A Comparison of the Effects of Stabilization Exercises Plus Manual Therapy to Those of Stabilization Exercises Alone in XXXX With Nonspecific Mechanical Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 tends to be chemosensitive and confine itself to the surface of the peritoneal cavity for much of its natural history. These features have made it an obvious target for intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy. Chemotherapy for @entity1 is usually given as an intravenous (IV) infusion repeatedly over five to eight cycles. Intraperitoneal chemotherapy is given by infusion of the chemotherapeutic agent directly into the peritoneal cavity. There are biological reasons why this might increase the anticancer effect and reduce some systemic adverse effects in comparison to IV therapy. OBJECTIVES: To determine if adding a component of the chemotherapy regime into the peritoneal cavity affects overall survival, progression-free survival, quality of life (QOL) and @entity2 in the primary treatment of @entity1 . SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Gynaecological Cancer Review Group's Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Issue 2, 2011, MEDLINE (1951 to May 2011) and EMBASE (1974 to May 2011). We updated these searches in February 2007, August 2010, May 2011 and September 2015. In addition, we handsearched and cascade searched the major gynaecological oncology journals up to May 2011. SELECTION CRITERIA: The analysis was restricted to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing @entity0 with a new diagnosis of @entity1 , of any FIGO stage, following primary cytoreductive surgery. Standard IV chemotherapy was compared with chemotherapy that included a component of IP administration. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data on overall survival, disease-free survival, adverse events and QOL and performed meta-analyses of hazard ratios (HR) for time-to-event variables and relative risks (RR) for dichotomous outcomes using RevMan software. MAIN RESULTS: Nine randomised trials studied 2119 @entity0 receiving primary treatment for @entity1 . We considered six trials to be of high quality. @entity0 were less likely to die if they received an IP component to chemotherapy (eight studies, 2026 @entity0 ; HR = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72 to 0.90). Intraperitoneal component chemotherapy prolonged the disease-free interval (five studies, 1311 @entity0 ; HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.70 to 0.86). There was greater serious @entity2 with regard to gastrointestinal effects, @entity3 but less @entity4 with the IP than the IV route. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Intraperitoneal chemotherapy increases overall survival and progression-free survival from advanced @entity1 . The results of this meta-analysis provide the most reliable estimates of the relative survival benefits of IP over IV therapy and should be used as part of the decision making process. However, the potential for catheter related complications and @entity2 needs to be considered when deciding on the most appropriate treatment for each individual @entity0 . The optimal dose, timing and mechanism of administration cannot be addressed from this meta-analysis. This needs to be addressed in the next phase of clinical trials.

title: Intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the initial management of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Intercellular communication delivers critical information for position-dependent specification of cell fate. In plants, a novel mechanism for cell-to-cell communication involves the intercellular trafficking of regulatory proteins and mRNAs. The @entity1 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) gene acts non cell-autonomously in the @entity1 leaf, and @entity3 was the first plant protein shown to traffic cell-to-cell, presumably through plasmodesmata. We have compared the intercellular trafficking of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions of @entity3 and @entity0 @entity3 -related homeobox proteins to that of the viral movement protein from turnip vein clearing tobamovirus. We show that there is specific developmental regulation of GFP approximately @entity3 trafficking. GFP -- @entity3 was able to traffic from the inner layers of the leaf to the epidermis, but not in the opposite direction, from epidermis to mesophyll. However, GFP or the GFP -- movement protein fusion moved readily out of the epidermis. GFP -- @entity3 was however able to traffic out of the epidermal (L1) layer in the shoot apical meristem, indicating that @entity3 movement out of the L1 was developmentally regulated. GFP -- @entity2 /BREVIPEDICELLUS and GFP -- SHOOTMERISTEMLESS fusions could also traffic from the L1 to the L2/L3 layers of the meristem. In a test for the functional significance of trafficking, we showed that L1-specific expression of @entity3 or of @entity2 was able to partially complement the strong shootmeristemless-11 (stm-11) mutant. However, a cell-autonomous GUS fusion to @entity3 showed neither trafficking ability nor complementation of stm-11 when expressed in the L1. These results suggest that the activity of @entity3 and related homeobox proteins is maintained following intercellular trafficking, and that trafficking may be required for their normal developmental function.

title: Developmental regulation and significance of KNOX protein trafficking in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: One of the most preventable @entity1 in @entity0 is @entity1 . Pap smear test is an effective screening program; however, it is not conducted very frequently. The aim of this study is explaining the determinants affecting @entity0 's participation in the Pap smear test based on precaution adoption process model with a qualitative approach. This study was a qualitative approach using a Directed Content Analysis methodology which was conducted in 2014. @entity0 were 30 rural @entity0 who participated in this study voluntarily in sarvabad, Iran. Purposive sampling was initiated and continued until data saturation. Semi-structured interviews were the primary method of data collection. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and continuous comparisons. @entity0 s information and awareness about @entity1 and Pap smear is insufficient and most of them believed that they were not at risk; however, they perceived the severity of the disease. Some of them had no adequate understanding of the test benefits. They pointed to the lack of time, financial difficulties, fear of test result and lack of awareness as the main barriers against the Pap smear test; however, they did not say that they were not willing to do the test. Findings could help health policy makers to find the right area and purpose to facilitate the participation of @entity0 in the Pap smear test.

title: Factors Affecting XXXX Screening Behaviors Based On the Precaution Adoption Process Model: A Qualitative Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Marine @entity7 (Hexaplex trunculus) presents increasing nutritional, commercial and economical importance, being widely consumed in northern Africa, particularly in Mediterranean countries. From a nutritional point of view there is still limited information on the chemical composition of edible tissues (meat and hepatopancreas) of this species. Therefore, the aims of the present work were to study the proximate chemical composition, @entity2 and @entity1 profiles of H. trunculus from the Tunisian Mediterranean coasts. RESULTS: @entity2 profiles showed that the @entity3 ( @entity8 ) content is higher than the @entity5 ( @entity9 ). The yields of @entity8 and @entity9 present in the meat fat were 68.2% and 33.4% of the total @entity5 , respectively. Similar values were obtained in the @entity10 . @entity7 tissues contain valuable concentrations of @entity8 , especially n-6 and n-3 with chain lengths of 20 and 22 carbons. All edible tissues were valuable sources of essential @entity4 . @entity6 is the major @entity4 present in the meat and hepatopancreas. The concentrations of nutrients were also determined in the hepatopancreas and meat of H. trunculus. Significantly high concentrations of minerals and trace elements were found in these tissues. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that H. trunculus is an important source of protein and essential @entity4 . Furthermore, the @entity7 lipidic fraction contains high proportions of @entity3 benefical for @entity0 health.

title: Nutrient composition of the marine XXXX (Hexaplex trunculus) from the Tunisian Mediterranean coasts.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Previously, we demonstrated that @entity6 induced the expression of @entity2 mRNA via beta-adrenoceptors in cultured @entity0 osteoblastic cells. @entity3 is well known to modulate bone metabolism by regulating the development and function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Recently, restraint stress and intracerebroventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have been reported to induce the expression of @entity3 mRNA in peripheral organs in @entity1 in which expression is mediated by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. To prove the physiological role of sympathetic nerves in bone metabolism in vivo, we examined by RT-PCR analysis the effects of restraint stress and intracerebroventricular injection of LPS on @entity3 mRNA expression in @entity1 calvaria. The expression of @entity3 mRNA in @entity1 calvaria was stimulated by either restraint stress (30 min) or intracerebroventricular injection of LPS (50 ng/ @entity1 , 60 min). The treatment of @entity1 with the neurotoxin @entity7 ( @entity7 , 100 mg x kg-1 x day-1 ip for 3 days) inhibited LPS (icv)-induced expression of @entity3 mRNA in their calvaria. The expression of @entity3 mRNA induced by the restraint stress was not influenced by @entity7 , which destroys noradrenergic nerve terminals. Furthermore, pretreatment with a beta-blocker, @entity5 (15 or 25 mg/kg ip), inhibited both stress- and LPS-induced increases in the level of @entity3 mRNA, but pretreatment with an alpha-blocker, @entity9 (5 mg/kg sc), did not inhibit them in @entity1 calvaria. In addition, treatment of calvaria with @entity8 or @entity4 increased @entity3 synthesis in the organ culture system. These results indicate that in vivo adrenergic stimulation modulates the osteoblastic activity in @entity1 calvaria via noradrenergic nerve terminals.

title: In vivo stimulation of sympathetic nervous system modulates osteoblastic activity in XXXX calvaria.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) proteins interact with activated Ga subunits via their @entity1 domains and accelerate the hydrolysis of @entity0 . Whereas the R4 subfamily of @entity1 proteins generally accepts both Gai/o and Gaq/11 subunits as substrates, the R7 and R12 subfamilies select against Gaq/11. In contrast, only one @entity1 protein, @entity2 , is known to be selective for Gaq/11. The molecular basis for this selectivity is not clear. Previously, the crystal structure of @entity2 in complex with Gaq revealed a non-canonical interaction that could be due to interfacial differences imposed by @entity2 , the Ga subunit, or both. To resolve this ambiguity, the 2.6    crystal structure of @entity3 , an R4 subfamily member, was determined in complex with Gaq. @entity3 adopts the same pose on Gaq as it does when bound to Gai3, indicating that the non-canonical interaction of @entity2 with Gaq is due to unique features of @entity2 . Based on the @entity3 structure, residues in @entity3 that contact a unique a-helical domain loop of Gaq were converted to those typically found in R12 subfamily members, and the reverse substitutions were introduced into @entity4 , an R12 subfamily member. Although these substitutions perturbed their ability to stimulate GTP hydrolysis, they did not reverse selectivity. Instead, selectivity for Gaq seems more likely determined by whether strong contacts can be maintained between a of the @entity1 domain and Switch III of Gaq, regions of high sequence and conformational diversity in both protein families.

title: Structure of the XXXX ( @entity3 )-Gaq Complex: Molecular Basis for Ga Selectivity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) proteins interact with activated Ga subunits via their @entity1 domains and accelerate the hydrolysis of @entity0 . Whereas the R4 subfamily of @entity1 proteins generally accepts both Gai/o and Gaq/11 subunits as substrates, the R7 and R12 subfamilies select against Gaq/11. In contrast, only one @entity1 protein, @entity2 , is known to be selective for Gaq/11. The molecular basis for this selectivity is not clear. Previously, the crystal structure of @entity2 in complex with Gaq revealed a non-canonical interaction that could be due to interfacial differences imposed by @entity2 , the Ga subunit, or both. To resolve this ambiguity, the 2.6    crystal structure of @entity3 , an R4 subfamily member, was determined in complex with Gaq. @entity3 adopts the same pose on Gaq as it does when bound to Gai3, indicating that the non-canonical interaction of @entity2 with Gaq is due to unique features of @entity2 . Based on the @entity3 structure, residues in @entity3 that contact a unique a-helical domain loop of Gaq were converted to those typically found in R12 subfamily members, and the reverse substitutions were introduced into @entity4 , an R12 subfamily member. Although these substitutions perturbed their ability to stimulate GTP hydrolysis, they did not reverse selectivity. Instead, selectivity for Gaq seems more likely determined by whether strong contacts can be maintained between a of the @entity1 domain and Switch III of Gaq, regions of high sequence and conformational diversity in both protein families.

title: Structure of the @entity3 ( XXXX )-Gaq Complex: Molecular Basis for Ga Selectivity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Little has been published regarding the treatment of @entity0 with long-established capsular @entity1 after previous submuscular or subglandular breast augmentation. This study reviews 7 years of experience in treating established capsular @entity1 after augmentation mammaplasty by relocating implants to the "dual-plane" or partly subpectoral position. A retrospective chart review was performed on all @entity0 who were treated for capsular @entity1 using this technique between 1993 and 1999. Data collected included the date of the original augmentation, the original implant location, date of revision and type of implant used, length of follow-up, outcome, and any ensuing complications. Different surgical techniques were used, depending on whether the prior implant was located in a subglandular or submuscular plane. All @entity0 had revisions such that their implants were relocated to a dual plane, with the superior two thirds or so of the implant located beneath the pectoralis major muscle and the inferior one third located subglandularly. Of 85 @entity0 reviewed, 54 had their original implants in a submuscular position and 31 had their initial augmentation in a subglandular position. Of the 54 @entity0 whose implants were initially submuscular, 23 @entity0 (43 percent) had @entity2 gel implants, 15 @entity0 (28 percent) had double-lumen implants, and the remaining 16 @entity0 (30 percent) had saline implants. Of the 31 @entity0 whose implants were initially subglandular, 20 @entity0 (65 percent) had @entity2 gel implants, three @entity0 (10 percent) had double-lumen implants, and the remaining eight @entity0 (26 percent) had saline implants. Fifty-one @entity0 (60 percent) had replacement with saline implants (37 smooth saline, 14 textured saline), whereas 34 (40 percent) had @entity2 gel implants (seven smooth gel, 27 textured gel). The average time from previous augmentation to revision was 9 years 9 months. The average follow-up time after conversion to the @entity3 was 11.5 months. Only three of 85 @entity0 required reoperation for complications, all of which involved some degree of implant malposition. Of @entity0 converted to the dual plane, 98 percent were free of capsular @entity1 and were Baker class I at follow-up, whereas 2 percent were judged as Baker class II. There were no Baker level III or IV @entity1 at follow-up. The dual-plane method of breast augmentation has proved to be an effective technique for correcting established capsular @entity1 after previous augmentation mammaplasty. This technique appears to be effective when performed with either @entity2 or saline-filled implants.

title: The correction of capsular XXXX by conversion to "dual-plane" positioning: technique and outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: According to available data, @entity1 is a common symptom of @entity3 , however its characteristics and pathogenesis are not clearly understood. AIM: The main aim of this study was to assess itching sensation among @entity0 suffering from @entity3 , including its incidence and severity. All factors triggering and worsening pruritic symptoms were also carefully analyzed. The authors assessed the relationship of itch with body mass index (BMI) and severity of disease. Moreover, serum levels of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 were analyzed in relation to Psoriasis Activity and Severity Index, BMI and severity of @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 60 @entity0 with @entity3 . Analysis of impact of @entity1 on the quality of life and worsening factors was based on the questionnaire. The severity of @entity1 was assessed with the use of two independent scales. Serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels were measured in 30 @entity0 suffering from @entity3 and in 10 healthy controls using immunoassay tests. RESULTS: 88.3% of analyzed @entity0 complained of itch and the most common factor which exacerbated @entity1 was stress (39.6%). @entity1 in @entity3 was independent of gender, illness duration and extent of @entity2 . The average intensity of @entity1 was assessed as moderate and did not correlate significantly with BMI level, @entity4 and @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Since the pathogenesis of @entity1 in @entity3 is not fully understood, further investigation in this area needs to be conducted. @entity1 may be considered as a characteristic feature of @entity3 and, besides the @entity2 , should be a target in dermatological treatment to improve @entity0 's quality of life.

title: Itching sensation in psoriatic @entity0 and its relation to body mass index and @entity4 and XXXX concentrations.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: According to available data, @entity1 is a common symptom of @entity3 , however its characteristics and pathogenesis are not clearly understood. AIM: The main aim of this study was to assess itching sensation among @entity0 suffering from @entity3 , including its incidence and severity. All factors triggering and worsening pruritic symptoms were also carefully analyzed. The authors assessed the relationship of itch with body mass index (BMI) and severity of disease. Moreover, serum levels of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 were analyzed in relation to Psoriasis Activity and Severity Index, BMI and severity of @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 60 @entity0 with @entity3 . Analysis of impact of @entity1 on the quality of life and worsening factors was based on the questionnaire. The severity of @entity1 was assessed with the use of two independent scales. Serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels were measured in 30 @entity0 suffering from @entity3 and in 10 healthy controls using immunoassay tests. RESULTS: 88.3% of analyzed @entity0 complained of itch and the most common factor which exacerbated @entity1 was stress (39.6%). @entity1 in @entity3 was independent of gender, illness duration and extent of @entity2 . The average intensity of @entity1 was assessed as moderate and did not correlate significantly with BMI level, @entity4 and @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Since the pathogenesis of @entity1 in @entity3 is not fully understood, further investigation in this area needs to be conducted. @entity1 may be considered as a characteristic feature of @entity3 and, besides the @entity2 , should be a target in dermatological treatment to improve @entity0 's quality of life.

title: Itching sensation in psoriatic @entity0 and its relation to body mass index and XXXX and @entity5 concentrations.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: According to available data, @entity1 is a common symptom of @entity3 , however its characteristics and pathogenesis are not clearly understood. AIM: The main aim of this study was to assess itching sensation among @entity0 suffering from @entity3 , including its incidence and severity. All factors triggering and worsening pruritic symptoms were also carefully analyzed. The authors assessed the relationship of itch with body mass index (BMI) and severity of disease. Moreover, serum levels of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 were analyzed in relation to Psoriasis Activity and Severity Index, BMI and severity of @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 60 @entity0 with @entity3 . Analysis of impact of @entity1 on the quality of life and worsening factors was based on the questionnaire. The severity of @entity1 was assessed with the use of two independent scales. Serum @entity4 and @entity5 levels were measured in 30 @entity0 suffering from @entity3 and in 10 healthy controls using immunoassay tests. RESULTS: 88.3% of analyzed @entity0 complained of itch and the most common factor which exacerbated @entity1 was stress (39.6%). @entity1 in @entity3 was independent of gender, illness duration and extent of @entity2 . The average intensity of @entity1 was assessed as moderate and did not correlate significantly with BMI level, @entity4 and @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Since the pathogenesis of @entity1 in @entity3 is not fully understood, further investigation in this area needs to be conducted. @entity1 may be considered as a characteristic feature of @entity3 and, besides the @entity2 , should be a target in dermatological treatment to improve @entity0 's quality of life.

title: Itching sensation in psoriatic XXXX and its relation to body mass index and @entity4 and @entity5 concentrations.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is an indolent @entity6 that is highly sensitive to radiotherapy (RT). However, the effectiveness of RT has not been well established. We reviewed our experiences to assess the role of RT for @entity5 and analyze treatment results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis was done on 29 @entity0 who received first RT between January 2003 and August 2013. Of 23 early stage (stage I, II) @entity0 , 16 received RT alone, four received chemotherapy followed by RT, two received RT postoperatively, and one received salvage RT for relapse after resection. Six advanced-stage (stage III, IV) @entity0 received RT after chemotherapy: two received consolidation RT, three received salvage RT for @entity2 , and one received RT for progressive sites. Median RT dose was 30.6 Gy (range, 21.6 to 48.6 Gy). Median follow-up duration was 62 months (range, 6 to 141 months). RESULTS: All @entity0 showed complete response in the radiation field. Eight outfield relapses were reported. Seven @entity0 received salvage treatment (three chemotherapy, four RT). Four @entity0 showed excellent responses, especially to RT. Estimated 5-year and 10-year relapse-free survivals were 72% and 60%. In the RT-alone group, 5-year relapse-free survival was 74.5%. All advanced-stage @entity0 were disease-free with 100% 5-year overall survival. @entity4 was noted in only one @entity0 ; four others died of other unrelated causes. No significant @entity3 was reported. CONCLUSION: RT resulted in excellent treatment outcomes for all @entity5 stages when used as a primary treatment modality for early stage or salvage-treatment modality for @entity1 .

title: Radiotherapy as an effective treatment modality for XXXX : a single institution experience.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Apoptosis mediates in @entity2 -induced @entity4 leading to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Myocyte proliferation may compensate for myocyte loss. @entity8 is upregulated after cardiac damage and by @entity2 consumption thereby decreasing myocyte renewal. We assess the potential role of @entity2 in inducing myocyte apoptosis as well as in inhibiting myocyte proliferation. METHODS: Heart samples were obtained from organ donors, including 22 high @entity2 consumers, 22 with @entity1 , 8 with other causes of @entity3 , and 10 healthy donors. Evaluation included medical record with data on daily, recent and lifetime @entity7 consumption, chest X-ray, left ventricular (LV) function assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography, and LV histology and immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL, @entity6 , and @entity5 assays. Myocyte proliferation was evaluated with Ki-67 assay. @entity8 activity was measured with a specific immunohistochemical assay. @entity3 was assessed by functional and histological criteria. RESULTS: Alcoholic and @entity1 donors with @entity3 showed higher apoptotic indices than did their partners without @entity3 . @entity8 activity was higher in alcoholics than in controls, mainly in those with @entity3 . The increase in @entity8 expression in alcoholic @entity3 was higher than in other groups. The Ki-67 proliferation index increased in all groups with @entity3 compared to those without @entity3 , with alcoholics showing a lower increase in this proliferation response. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 produces cardiac myocyte loss through apoptosis but also partially inhibits myocyte proliferation through @entity8 up-regulation. The final result may suppose an imbalance in myocyte homeostasis, with a net loss in total ventricular myocyte mass and progressive @entity0 .

title: Increased XXXX activity and decreased myocyte proliferation in chronic alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

answer: @entity8


abstract: AIM: Neural stem cells (NSC) are clonogenic cells, capable of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation, since, under the appropriated experimental conditions, they proliferate indefinitely as undifferentiated neurospheres or differentiate in neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. @entity2 is a @entity1 characterized by the progressive @entity3 . METHODS: Here we investigated the suitability of recently identified and characterized neuronal progenitor cells at eliciting functional recovery in unilateral 6HODA-lesioned @entity0 . We describe herein that intrastriatal engraftment of stem cell-derived neurons isolated from the olfactory bulb to give @entity3 results in long lasting functional recovery in 6OHDA-injured @entity0 . RESULTS: Unilateral injection of @entity4 resulted in a progressive @entity1 of the nigro-striatal pathway. Likewise, the systemic administration of @entity5 in these @entity0 elicited a marked contralateral turning which was evident 1 week post, increased during the following week and than stabilize throughout the time of the experiment. Conversely, the intrastriatal implantation of partially differentiated stem cells at 14 days postlesion, resulted in a profound decrease in @entity5 -induced circling behavior; interestingly, the effect was evident 1 week after the engraftment and was retained during the following 9 weeks. Detailed biochemical and immunohistochemical evaluation is currently under investigation in our laboratory. Conclusion. Our observation opens new perspectives for the treatment of @entity1 in @entity2 .

title: Neural stem cells. Biological features and therapeutic potential in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Four @entity0 presented to the emergency room with life-threatening @entity11 and concomitant watery @entity2 . @entity10 , @entity3 , and @entity1 were present in all 4 cases. In 2 @entity0 , @entity11 followed initiation of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) inhibitor therapy, whereas 1 @entity0 experienced @entity11 after a dose increase of an @entity6 inhibitor, and the fourth @entity0 was on continuous @entity6 -inhibitor therapy at the time of the @entity11 episode. Two of the 3 @entity0 with functioning kidneys required hemodialysis to correct the @entity11 , whereas the other @entity0 was on long-term hemodialysis therapy. In the 2 @entity0 in whom transtubular @entity5 (K+) gradients were available, their values ranged far below normal, indicating tubular failure to secrete K+. This abnormality was attributed to decreased distal delivery of @entity8 and water and to @entity4 / @entity9 / @entity7 blockade. It has been proposed that @entity7 blockade impairs the capacity of the colonic epithelial cells to secrete K+. In all 4 @entity0 the watery @entity2 ceased in parallel with the correction of serum K+ to normal values. It is suggested that @entity11 , most likely by stimulating intestinal motility, induced the watery @entity2 in all 4 @entity0 . The watery @entity2 , however, failed to compensate for the renal tubular failure to secrete K+.

title: @entity11 with concomitant watery XXXX : an unusual association.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Four @entity0 presented to the emergency room with life-threatening @entity11 and concomitant watery @entity2 . @entity10 , @entity3 , and @entity1 were present in all 4 cases. In 2 @entity0 , @entity11 followed initiation of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) inhibitor therapy, whereas 1 @entity0 experienced @entity11 after a dose increase of an @entity6 inhibitor, and the fourth @entity0 was on continuous @entity6 -inhibitor therapy at the time of the @entity11 episode. Two of the 3 @entity0 with functioning kidneys required hemodialysis to correct the @entity11 , whereas the other @entity0 was on long-term hemodialysis therapy. In the 2 @entity0 in whom transtubular @entity5 (K+) gradients were available, their values ranged far below normal, indicating tubular failure to secrete K+. This abnormality was attributed to decreased distal delivery of @entity8 and water and to @entity4 / @entity9 / @entity7 blockade. It has been proposed that @entity7 blockade impairs the capacity of the colonic epithelial cells to secrete K+. In all 4 @entity0 the watery @entity2 ceased in parallel with the correction of serum K+ to normal values. It is suggested that @entity11 , most likely by stimulating intestinal motility, induced the watery @entity2 in all 4 @entity0 . The watery @entity2 , however, failed to compensate for the renal tubular failure to secrete K+.

title: XXXX with concomitant watery @entity2 : an unusual association.

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many surgeons are reluctant to use esophageal stents during neoadjuvant therapy for @entity4 because of concerns about nutritional status, stent-related complications, or added difficulties during esophagogastrectomy. We hypothesized that esophageal stenting during neoadjuvant therapy allows for optimal nutritional intake without adversely affecting perioperative outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: This study is a prospective, dual-institution, single-arm, phase II evaluation of @entity4 @entity0 undergoing neoadjuvant therapy before resection. All @entity0 had a self-expanding polymer stent placed before neoadjuvant therapy. We monitored @entity6 symptoms, nutritional status, stent-related complications, and perioperative complications during the course of therapy and 90 days postoperatively. RESULTS: We enrolled 32 @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity3 who were eligible for neoadjuvant therapy. After stent placement, 2 @entity0 had stent migrations requiring replacement. No erosive complications were observed. During the course of neoadjuvant therapy, we noted improvement in @entity6 , mild @entity3 , and maintenance of performance status. At a median of 50 days (range 18 to 92 days) after completion of neoadjuvant therapy, 20 @entity0 underwent margin-negative esophagogastrectomy (16 Ivor Lewis, 4 minimally invasive) without problems with stent removal or difficulty in surgical dissection. Twelve @entity0 did not undergo resection due to development of @entity1 (n = 8) or rapid decline in functional status (n = 4). Major perioperative complications included @entity5 (n = 2), chyle leak (n = 1), and @entity2 (n = 1). No surgical complications were attributed to stent placement. CONCLUSIONS: Use of esophageal stents during neoadjuvant therapy is safe and results in resolution of @entity6 , mild @entity3 , and maintenance of performance status without an effect on intraoperative dissection, perioperative complications, or delay in resection after neoadjuvant therapy.

title: A prospective phase II evaluation of esophageal stenting for neoadjuvant therapy for XXXX : optimal performance and surgical safety.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity0 with chronic @entity1 (CMI), traditional bypass surgery carries a high operative mortality. Endovascular therapy for reconstruction of the mesenteric vascular system has high technical success but poor long-term patency. Secondary procedures are often mandatory for recurrent disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an endovascular-first treatment strategy for CMI, reserving open reconstruction for complex disease patterns without an endovascular option. STUDY DESIGN: Data for consecutive adult @entity0 (N = 107) initially treated with endovascular techniques for CMI were reviewed. The management algorithm consisted of postoperative and biannual ultrasound and clinical follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 107 @entity0 with CMI were treated from April 2004 through June 2010. Technical success for endovascular reconstruction was 100%. Long-term follow-up data were available on 90% of @entity0 . After the index procedure, 57% of @entity0 (n = 55) had complete resolution of the preoperative symptoms. During the management phase, 83% of @entity0 had elevated velocities on duplex evaluation. During this interval, 53% of @entity0 required no further intervention after the index procedure, and the remaining @entity0 required an additional 78 procedures. Five @entity0 required open revascularization for recurrent disease, and only 2 @entity0 died from complications of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular management for CMI has a high technical success rate with low morbidity and mortality. Regular follow-up is essential to optimize @entity0 outcomes. Ultrasound findings alone are a poor predictor of recurrent disease. Long-term success requires adaptation of a management program to elicit recurrent symptoms and offer prompt treatment.

title: Management of chronic XXXX : an endovascular approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The total @entity3 ( @entity3 ) count is reported to be an independent predictor of mortality in several prospective studies. We investigated the association between total and differential @entity3 counts and cigarette smoking habit in a cross-sectional population-based study of 6902 @entity0 and 8405 @entity0 39-79 years of age participating between July 1994 and 1997 in the European Prospective Investigation of @entity1 (EPIC-Norfolk) study. Main outcome measures included @entity3 , granulocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte counts measured at a baseline health check and self-reported cigarette smoking habit. The age- and body mass index-adjusted mean total @entity3 counts were 7.8, 6.4, and 6.2x10(3) per ul (P<0.0001) among male current, former and never smokers, respectively, and 7.4, 6.3 and 6.2x10(3) per ul (P<0.0001), respectively, in @entity0 . The greatest absolute and percentage differences between smoking groups were observed for the granulocyte count. Current smoking habit had a stronger effect on mean total @entity3 counts than cumulative exposure as measured by pack years. Among former smokers mean age- and body mass index-adjusted @entity3 , granulocyte and lymphocyte counts were inversely related to duration of smoking cessation (P< or =0.02). Smokers who had given up less than 12 months previously had @entity3 counts substantially lower (6.7 and 6.9x10(3) per ul, respectively, in @entity0 and @entity0 ) than current smokers. In conclusion, the total @entity3 count and its components (particularly the granulocyte count) are strongly associated with cigarette smoking habit. Smoking cessation may have an almost immediate impact at least on pathophysiologic processes such as @entity2 that may be indicated by the @entity3 count. The apparent almost immediate reversibility of effects of smoking on @entity2 , as indicated by the @entity3 count, may help motivate efforts to stop smoking.

title: Smoking status and differential white cell count in XXXX and @entity0 in the EPIC-Norfolk population.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The total @entity3 ( @entity3 ) count is reported to be an independent predictor of mortality in several prospective studies. We investigated the association between total and differential @entity3 counts and cigarette smoking habit in a cross-sectional population-based study of 6902 @entity0 and 8405 @entity0 39-79 years of age participating between July 1994 and 1997 in the European Prospective Investigation of @entity1 (EPIC-Norfolk) study. Main outcome measures included @entity3 , granulocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte counts measured at a baseline health check and self-reported cigarette smoking habit. The age- and body mass index-adjusted mean total @entity3 counts were 7.8, 6.4, and 6.2x10(3) per ul (P<0.0001) among male current, former and never smokers, respectively, and 7.4, 6.3 and 6.2x10(3) per ul (P<0.0001), respectively, in @entity0 . The greatest absolute and percentage differences between smoking groups were observed for the granulocyte count. Current smoking habit had a stronger effect on mean total @entity3 counts than cumulative exposure as measured by pack years. Among former smokers mean age- and body mass index-adjusted @entity3 , granulocyte and lymphocyte counts were inversely related to duration of smoking cessation (P< or =0.02). Smokers who had given up less than 12 months previously had @entity3 counts substantially lower (6.7 and 6.9x10(3) per ul, respectively, in @entity0 and @entity0 ) than current smokers. In conclusion, the total @entity3 count and its components (particularly the granulocyte count) are strongly associated with cigarette smoking habit. Smoking cessation may have an almost immediate impact at least on pathophysiologic processes such as @entity2 that may be indicated by the @entity3 count. The apparent almost immediate reversibility of effects of smoking on @entity2 , as indicated by the @entity3 count, may help motivate efforts to stop smoking.

title: Smoking status and differential white cell count in @entity0 and XXXX in the EPIC-Norfolk population.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ultrasonography (US) changes have been noted in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Here, we report that some @entity0 with late stage @entity4 have a distinctive, previously unreported finding on US that we call the "hypoechoic triangle sign" ( @entity1 ). METHODS: On US, the @entity1 sign was characterized as a well-defined area of low echogenicity, about 10   mm in diameter, between the lateral margin of one or both thyroid lobes, the medial wall of the carotid artery, and, posteriorly, the prevertebral muscles. Twenty-six @entity0 with @entity4 who had the @entity1 sign (Group 1) were compared with 71 @entity0 with @entity4 who had normal serum thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroid hormones levels (Group 2) and with 154 normal controls (Group 3). TSH was tested at least twice, first as part of their regular clinical care and then in follow-up. The groups were similar in terms of age, sex, and body mass index. Thyroid volume by US, TSH, free @entity5 , free @entity6 , antithyroid antibodies, and @entity6 treatment were evaluated. Sonographic gray-scale analysis and three-dimensional reconstruction of @entity1 region were performed in five of the Group 1 @entity0 . RESULTS: Thyroid volume was significantly smaller (p   <   0.01) in Group 1 than in Groups 2 and 3 (6.9        2.18 vs. 10.4        2.1 and 9.8        2.5   mL, respectively). In Group 1, 61.5% of subjects were taking @entity6 for @entity3 ; none of the Group 2 or 3 @entity0 was taking thyroid hormone. Serum TSH was significantly higher (p   <   0.01) in Group 1 versus Groups 2 and 3 (3.6        1.3 vs. 2.18        1.4 and 1.9        1.1   mIU/L, respectively). None of the Group 2 or 3 @entity0 had the @entity1 sign. Gray-scale US demonstrated an overlap between @entity1 zone and the surrounding muscle tissue. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 sign seems to be specific for overt @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 as it was not noted in @entity0 with @entity4 not having overt @entity2 . The incidental finding of the @entity1 sign during cervical US examination should prompt obtaining thyroid function tests to rule out @entity3 . Our study provides data regarding specificity but not sensitivity of the @entity1 sign for @entity4 and @entity2 because a consecutive group of @entity4 @entity0 with @entity2 was not studied. In addition, the specificity of the @entity1 sign for @entity4 needs to be evaluated further by studying a diverse group of @entity2 .

title: "Hypoechoic triangle": a new sonographic sign or marker of advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 remains one of the most important pathogens of early life in @entity1 , yet conventional vaccines to prevent @entity0 have not been successful. DNA vaccination offers an alternative to conventional vaccines with specific advantages for immunization of neonates. We developed a DNA vaccine expressing the @entity3 gene (pVR1055vapA) that induced an anamnestic response characterized by @entity3 ( @entity3 )-specific IgG antibodies in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as @entity3 -specific proliferation of pulmonary lymphocytes when tested in adult ponies. In contrast, none of the adults receiving the control plasmid responded. To determine if pVR1055vapA induced @entity3 -specific responses in the foal, the targeted age group for vaccination against @entity2 , 10 na  ve foals were randomly assigned at birth to two groups of five. At 8-15 days of age (day 1), foals were vaccinated by intranasal and intradermal (i.d.) routes with either pVR1055vapA or the negative control pVR1055vapA_rev. All foals were DNA boosted at day 14 and protein boosted at day 30 with either recombinant @entity3 or recombinant CAT (control group). Prior to the protein boost, neither group developed @entity3 -specific immune responses. However, at day 45, two of the VR1055vapA-vaccinated foals had increased titers of @entity3 -specific IgGb, IgM and IgGa in the sera, and IgG in the BALF. The induction of the opsonizing isotypes IgGa and IgGb has been previously shown to be associated with protection against @entity2 . No @entity3 -specific immune responses were detected in the control group. This study indicates that the DNA vaccine effectively stimulates anamnestic systemic and pulmonary immune responses in adult @entity1 . The results in foals suggest that the DNA vaccine also primed a subset of immunized neonates. These data support further development and modification to produce a DNA vaccine to more effectively prime neonatal foals.

title: Analysis of anamnestic immune responses in adult XXXX and priming in neonates induced by a DNA vaccine expressing the vapA gene of @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 remains one of the most important pathogens of early life in @entity1 , yet conventional vaccines to prevent @entity0 have not been successful. DNA vaccination offers an alternative to conventional vaccines with specific advantages for immunization of neonates. We developed a DNA vaccine expressing the @entity3 gene (pVR1055vapA) that induced an anamnestic response characterized by @entity3 ( @entity3 )-specific IgG antibodies in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as @entity3 -specific proliferation of pulmonary lymphocytes when tested in adult ponies. In contrast, none of the adults receiving the control plasmid responded. To determine if pVR1055vapA induced @entity3 -specific responses in the foal, the targeted age group for vaccination against @entity2 , 10 na  ve foals were randomly assigned at birth to two groups of five. At 8-15 days of age (day 1), foals were vaccinated by intranasal and intradermal (i.d.) routes with either pVR1055vapA or the negative control pVR1055vapA_rev. All foals were DNA boosted at day 14 and protein boosted at day 30 with either recombinant @entity3 or recombinant CAT (control group). Prior to the protein boost, neither group developed @entity3 -specific immune responses. However, at day 45, two of the VR1055vapA-vaccinated foals had increased titers of @entity3 -specific IgGb, IgM and IgGa in the sera, and IgG in the BALF. The induction of the opsonizing isotypes IgGa and IgGb has been previously shown to be associated with protection against @entity2 . No @entity3 -specific immune responses were detected in the control group. This study indicates that the DNA vaccine effectively stimulates anamnestic systemic and pulmonary immune responses in adult @entity1 . The results in foals suggest that the DNA vaccine also primed a subset of immunized neonates. These data support further development and modification to produce a DNA vaccine to more effectively prime neonatal foals.

title: Analysis of anamnestic immune responses in adult @entity1 and priming in neonates induced by a DNA vaccine expressing the vapA gene of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Atypical beta-adrenoceptors resistant to propranolol, but blocked by bupranolol, increase contractile force and/or frequency of the heart in @entity0 and @entity1 . We compared the potencies of the enantiomers of bupranolol and examined the possible effects of seven bupranolol analogues including bevantolol ( @entity2 ) at this receptor in pithed and vagotomized @entity1 . 2. CGP 12177, an agonist of the atypical beta-adrenoceptor, increased heart rate dose-dependently. Its dose-response curve was shifted to the right by S-(-)-bupranolol 10 micro mol kg(-1) by a factor of 8.4, but not affected by the same dose of R-(+)-bupranolol. 3. Desmethylbupranolol and compounds BK-21, BK-22, BK-23 and BK-25 also increased heart rate dose-dependently. The @entity4 antagonist CGP 20712 given in combination with the @entity3 antagonist ICI 118,551 (0.1 micro mol kg(-1) each) reduced the positive chronotropic action of the five bupranolol analogues without affecting that of CGP 12177. The potencies of the bupranolol analogues to increase heart rate were correlated (r=0.91, P<0.05) with their affinities for @entity4 binding sites in @entity1 brain cortex membranes labelled with [(3)H]CGP 12177 (in the presence of ICI 118,551). 4. BK-26 and @entity2 , 10 micro mol kg(-1) each, had only minor effects on heart rate by themselves and did not antagonize the effect of CGP 12177. However, at 1 micro mol kg(-1), they antagonized the increase in heart rate elicited by the @entity4 agonist prenalterol. 5. In conclusion, bupranolol is a stereoselective antagonist at the atypical cardiostimulant beta-adrenoceptor. The effects of the bupranolol analogues are related to the activation or blockade of beta(1)-adrenoceptors, but not of atypical beta-adrenoceptors.

title: Atypical cardiostimulant beta-adrenoceptor in the XXXX heart: stereoselective antagonism by bupranolol but lack of effect by some bupranolol analogues.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: We studied progress in the fight against @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the Netherlands by describing the changes in incidence, treatment, relative survival, and mortality during 1989-2007. @entity0 AND METHODS: We included all adult @entity0 with @entity3 [i.e. all mature B-, T-, and natural killer (NK) cell @entity1 , with the exception of @entity4 ], newly diagnosed in the period 1989-2007 and recorded in the Netherlands Cancer Registry (n=55 069). Regular mortality data were derived from Statistics Netherlands. Follow-up was completed up to 1 January 2009. Annual percentages of change in incidence, mortality, and relative survival were calculated. RESULTS: The incidence of indolent B-cell and T- and NK-cell @entity1 rose significantly (estimated annual percentage change=1.2% and 1.3%, respectively); incidence of @entity2 remained stable. Mortality due to @entity3 remained stable between 1989 and 2003, and has decreased since 2003. Five-year relative survival rates rose from 67% to 75%, and from 43% to 52%, respectively, for indolent and aggressive mature B-cell @entity1 , but 5-year survival remained stable at 48% for T- and NK-cell @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In the Netherlands, incidence of indolent mature B-cell and mature T- and NK-cell @entity1 has increased since 1989 but remained stable for aggressive @entity1 . Survival increased for all mature B-cell @entity1 , preceding a declining mortality and increased prevalence of @entity3 (17 597 on 1 January 2008).

title: Diverging trends in incidence and mortality, and improved survival of XXXX , in the Netherlands, 1989-2007.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In @entity6 expression of genes or operons encoding enzymes and other proteins involved in @entity7 synthesis is affected by @entity7 bases and @entity3 in the growth medium. The genes belonging to the PurR regulon (purR, purA, glyA, guaC, pbuO, pbuG, and the pur, yqhZ-folD, and xpt-pbuX operons) are controlled by the PurR repressor, which inhibits transcription initiation. Other genes are regulated by a less-well-described transcription termination mechanism that responds to the presence of @entity5 and @entity4 . The pur operon and the xpt-pbuX operon, which were studied here, are regulated by both mechanisms. We isolated two mutants resistant to @entity8 in which the pur operon and the xpt-pbuX operon are expressed at increased levels in a PurR-independent manner. The mutations were caused by deletions that disrupted a potential transcription terminator structure located immediately upstream of the ydhL gene. The 5' part of the ydhL leader region contained a 63- @entity0 (nt) sequence very similar to the 5' ends of the leaders of the pur and xpt-pbuX operons. Transcripts of these regions may form a common tandem stem-loop secondary structure. Two additional genes with potential leader regions containing the 63-nt sequence are pbuG, encoding a @entity5 - @entity4 transporter, and yxjA, which was shown to encode a @entity7 @entity2 transporter and is renamed nupG. Transcriptional lacZ fusions and mutations in the 63-nt sequence encoding the possible secondary structures provided evidence that expression of the pur and xpt-pbuX operons and expression of the ydhL, nupG, and pbuG genes are regulated by a common mechanism. The new pur regulon is designated the XptR regulon. Except for ydhL, the operons and genes were negatively regulated by @entity5 and @entity4 . ydhL was positively regulated. The derived @entity1 sequence encoded by ydhL (now called pbuE) is similar to the @entity1 sequences of metabolite efflux pumps. When overexpressed, PbuE lowers the sensitivity to @entity7 analogs. Indirect evidence indicated that PbuE decreases the size of the internal pool of @entity5 . This explains why the @entity5 - and @entity4 -regulated genes are expressed at elevated levels in a mutant that overexpresses pbuE.

title: Definition of a second XXXX pur regulon comprising the pur and xpt-pbuX operons plus pbuG, nupG (yxjA), and pbuE (ydhL).

answer: @entity6


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Little is known about the occurrence and patterns of @entity2 during the earliest stages of pregnancy. We explore this in a prospective study of early pregnancy. METHODS: A total of 221 healthy @entity0 kept daily diaries and provided daily urine samples while trying to become pregnant. Of these, 151 @entity0 became clinically pregnant [i.e. pregnancy that lasted >/=6 weeks beyond last menstrual period (LMP)] during the study. Diaries provided information on days with @entity2 and sexual intercourse. Urine hormone assays were used to identify ovulation and implantation. @entity0 were interviewed about their medical histories and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: A total of 14 @entity0 (9%) recorded at least 1 day of @entity2 during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy. Twelve of these 14 pregnancies continued to a live birth. Bleeding tended to occur around the time when @entity0 would expect their periods, although rarely on the day of implantation. Bleeding was not associated with intercourse. CONCLUSIONS: Early @entity1 in clinical pregnancies is generally light, and not likely to be mistaken for LMP. Thus, early @entity1 is unlikely to contribute to errors in LMP-based gestational age. We found no support for the hypothesis that implantation can produce @entity2 . Similarly, intercourse did not cause @entity1 . Nearly all @entity0 with @entity1 went on to have successful pregnancies.

title: XXXX in very early pregnancy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent literature advocates the decrease of the upper limit of the normal thyrotropin (TSH) reference range. The objective of this study was to determine whether treated @entity2 @entity0 maintained within a low-normal TSH range (0.4-2.0 mIU/L) have better clinical outcomes than those maintained within a high-normal TSH range (2.0-4.0 mIU/L). METHODS: The study was performed in a thyroid outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital. This was a prospective, interventional study. Forty-two @entity0 with newly diagnosed overt @entity2 were paired in two groups: group 1 (n=20), low-normal target TSH; group 2 (n = 22), high-normal target TSH. @entity4 was initiated, and dose was adjusted to achieve and sustain the target TSH value during the study period. After the target TSH was reached, @entity0 were evaluated every 3 months for thyroid function, serum lipid profile, resting energy expenditure (REE), body composition, and bone mineral density, for 12 months. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity0 in group 1 and 16 in group 2 completed the study. In the whole-group analysis, total @entity1 (p = 0.01), low-density lipoprotein @entity1 (p = 0.004), and @entity3 (p < 0.001) decreased after treatment, whereas REE per kilogram of lean body mass (p = 0.001) and total fat body mass (p =0.02) increased. Group 1 @entity0 had a significantly higher relative increase in REE (+7.1%    11.3% vs. +3.6%    15.1%, p = 0.02). There was no difference between the groups in the other variables. CONCLUSIONS: Despite recent trends toward lowering the upper limit of normal TSH range, the results of this 12-month study provided no substantial clinical evidence to corroborate that treatment of @entity2 should aim at maintaining TSH levels in a low-normal range

title: Low-normal or high-normal thyrotropin target levels during treatment of XXXX : a prospective, comparative study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: External apical root resorption (EARR) is an imperfectly understood problem of orthodontic treatment. The records of 138 @entity0 with @entity4 (overjet > 7 mm) participating in a randomized clinical trial of early orthodontic treatment were reviewed. The @entity0 were treated in either 1 phase with fixed appliances only (n = 49) or 2 phases with headgear (n = 49) or bionator (n = 40) followed by fixed appliances. The 3 groups were similar in age, sex, and @entity3 severity at enrollment. The records examined included anamnestic data, clinical examination records, panoramic radiographs before and after fixed appliance therapy, and posttreatment periapical radiographs. All radiographs were reviewed and scored independently by 2 examiners for maxillary incisor root development, morphology, and EARR. Of the 532 incisors scored, 11% of central and 14% of lateral incisors demonstrated moderate to severe (>2 mm) EARR. The proportion of incisors with moderate to severe EARR was slightly greater in the 1-phase treatment group. There was no difference in the incidence of EARR between teeth that had had @entity1 and those that had not, and there was only a slight increase in frequency of root resorption in teeth with unusual root morphology. Significant associations exist among EARR, the magnitude of @entity2 , and the time spent wearing fixed appliances. However, not all incisors in a @entity0 respond in the same way, so other variables must play a role in determining the root response to orthodontic forces.

title: External apical root resorption in XXXX : a retrospective review of 1- versus 2-phase treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: We conducted a randomised, controlled trial of cognitive-existential group therapy (CEGT) for @entity1 with @entity2 @entity0 receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with the aim of improving mood and mental attitude to @entity2 . METHODS: @entity1 were randomised to 20 sessions of weekly group therapy plus 3 relaxation classes or to a control arm receiving 3 relaxation classes. Assessments, independently done at baseline, 6 and 12 months, included a structured psychiatric interview and validated questionnaires covering mood, attitudes to @entity2 , family relationships, and satisfaction with therapy. RESULTS: Three hundred and three of 491 (62%) eligible @entity1 participated over 3 years. @entity3 was high pre-intervention: 10% were diagnosed as suffering from @entity5 , 27% from minor @entity5 and 9% from @entity4 . On an intention-to-treat analysis, there was a trend for those receiving group therapy (n=154) to have reduced @entity4 (p=0.05, 2-sided) compared to controls (n=149). @entity1 in group therapy also showed a trend towards improved family functioning compared to controls (p=0.07, 2-sided). The @entity1 in the groups reported greater satisfaction with their therapy (p<0.001, 2-sided), appreciating the support and citing better coping, self-growth and increased knowledge about @entity2 and its treatment. They valued the CEGT therapy. Overall effect size for the group intervention was small (d=0.25), with @entity2 recurrence having a deleterious effect in three of the 19 therapy groups. Psychologists as a discipline achieved a moderate mean effect size (d=0.52). CONCLUSION: CEGT is a useful adjuvant psychological therapy for @entity1 with @entity2 @entity0 . Interaction effects between group members and therapists are relevant to outcome. Group-as-a-whole effects are powerful, but the training and experience of the therapist is especially critical to an efficacious outcome.

title: Cognitive-existential group psychotherapy for @entity1 with primary XXXX : a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: We conducted a randomised, controlled trial of cognitive-existential group therapy (CEGT) for @entity1 with @entity2 @entity0 receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with the aim of improving mood and mental attitude to @entity2 . METHODS: @entity1 were randomised to 20 sessions of weekly group therapy plus 3 relaxation classes or to a control arm receiving 3 relaxation classes. Assessments, independently done at baseline, 6 and 12 months, included a structured psychiatric interview and validated questionnaires covering mood, attitudes to @entity2 , family relationships, and satisfaction with therapy. RESULTS: Three hundred and three of 491 (62%) eligible @entity1 participated over 3 years. @entity3 was high pre-intervention: 10% were diagnosed as suffering from @entity5 , 27% from minor @entity5 and 9% from @entity4 . On an intention-to-treat analysis, there was a trend for those receiving group therapy (n=154) to have reduced @entity4 (p=0.05, 2-sided) compared to controls (n=149). @entity1 in group therapy also showed a trend towards improved family functioning compared to controls (p=0.07, 2-sided). The @entity1 in the groups reported greater satisfaction with their therapy (p<0.001, 2-sided), appreciating the support and citing better coping, self-growth and increased knowledge about @entity2 and its treatment. They valued the CEGT therapy. Overall effect size for the group intervention was small (d=0.25), with @entity2 recurrence having a deleterious effect in three of the 19 therapy groups. Psychologists as a discipline achieved a moderate mean effect size (d=0.52). CONCLUSION: CEGT is a useful adjuvant psychological therapy for @entity1 with @entity2 @entity0 . Interaction effects between group members and therapists are relevant to outcome. Group-as-a-whole effects are powerful, but the training and experience of the therapist is especially critical to an efficacious outcome.

title: Cognitive-existential group psychotherapy for XXXX with primary @entity0 : a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the renal oxygenation in @entity3 2 @entity1 by blood oxygenation level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight @entity0 with @entity3 2 @entity1 and 67 healthy controls were recruited. All @entity0 were further divided into four subgroups based on renal functional level. Bilateral renal cortical R2* ( @entity6 *) and medullary R2* (MR2*) values were extracted and quantified on BOLD-MRI, then R2* ratio between medulla and cortex (MCR) was calculated. @entity6 *, MR2* and MCR were compared among the groups separately. The relationships were analyzed between R2* values and clinical index of renal function. RESULTS: Compared with controls, MR2* and @entity6 * in @entity1 were significantly increased. The positive relationship was found between MR2* and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and @entity6 * was negatively correlated with eGFR. Interestingly, the MCR increased in early stage of @entity1 and decreased along with the aggravation of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). CONCLUSION: BOLD-MRI can non-invasively detect and assess the @entity2 in @entity1 . Our findings suggest that @entity4 in medulla is more apparent and earlier than in cortex. During the progression of @entity5 , a reversion of corticomedullary oxygenation gradient can be detected, thus, MCR would be adopted to suppose the progression and prognosis of @entity5 .

title: Noninvasive evaluation of renal oxygenation in XXXX by BOLD-MRI.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The RESOLUTE US (R-US) trial is a prospective, observational study designed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the Resolute @entity7 -eluting stent (R-ZES) in a U.S. population. BACKGROUND: The R-ZES releases @entity7 over a 6-month period in order to achieve optimal clinical effectiveness and safety. METHODS: The R-US trial recruited @entity0 with de novo native coronary lesions suitable for 1- or 2-vessel treatment with stents from 2.25 to 4.0 mm in diameter. In the main analysis cohort (2.5- to 3.5-mm stents and single-lesion treatment), the primary endpoint was 12-month @entity3 ( @entity3 ) defined as the composite of @entity4 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and clinically-driven @entity2 revascularization (TLR), compared with data from Endeavor @entity7 -eluting stent (E-ZES) trials, adjusting for baseline covariates through propensity scores. RESULTS: Overall, 1,402 @entity0 were enrolled with a mean reference vessel diameter of 2.59    0.47 mm and @entity1 prevalence of 34.4%. In the main analysis cohort, @entity3 was 3.7% at 12 months compared with historical E-ZES results ( @entity3 = 6.5%). The R-ZES met the 3.3% margin of noninferiority (rate difference = -2.8%, upper 1-sided 95% confidence interval: -1.3%, p < 0.001). The overall @entity3 rate was 4.7%, and rates of @entity4 , @entity5 , and TLR were 0.7%, 1.4%, and 2.8%, respectively. The 12-month rate of stent @entity6 was 0.1%. CONCLUSIONS: The R-ZES achieved a very low rate of clinical restenosis while maintaining low rates of important clinical safety events such as @entity4 , @entity5 , and stent @entity6 at 1-year follow-up. (The Medtronic RESOLUTE US Clinical Trial [R-US]; NCT00726453).

title: Clinical evaluation of the Resolute XXXX -eluting coronary stent system in the treatment of de novo lesions in native coronary arteries: the RESOLUTE US clinical trial.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity3 are lesions that usually occur on the wrist, foot and knee. They are rarely involved in the region of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ), with only 10 cases reported from 1978 to 2007. The authors report a case of a @entity3 of the @entity2 in a 45-year-old @entity0 . The @entity0 presented with a right @entity1 , 1cm anterior to the tragus. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a small oval hypodense mass of soft tissue in the right temporomandibular region with no relation to the condyle. Fine needle aspiration reported a @entity3 of the @entity2 . The @entity0 was taken to the operating room and a preauricular approach extending to the temporal region was carried out resulting in surgical excision of the mass. The histological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of a @entity3 . The long term clinical and radiological follow-up (after 18 months) showed no sign of recurrence. The authors suggest, in accordance with the literature, that a surgical approach should be the treatment of choice in the case of a @entity3 of the @entity2 .

title: Synovial cyst of the XXXX : a case report and literature review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Cancers of the head and neck have always represented a unique perspective in @entity1 staging. Not only are these lesions numerous in terms of anatomic sites of origin, but, unlike most other major @entity1 , they frequently and readily lend themselves to adequate clinical assessment by visual inspection and palpation, which greatly facilitates documentation by the trained clinician. In addition, their location often involves treatment programs that focus on nonsurgical organ-preservation strategies, and thus anatomic and histological data for comprehensive pathologic staging are often not available. Nevertheless, the processes involved in surgical decision-making and radiotherapy treatment planning require meticulous assessment and documentation of the extent of @entity2 . For all these reasons it is especially important to perform reliable and accurate pretreatment clinical staging of @entity3 . Also, many @entity0 who succumb to @entity3 do so as a result of @entity2 . Therefore, the staging system must take into account detailed local anatomic features that dictate management, since the degree of involvement of these structures by @entity1 may be as important as distant metastasis in threatening survival. For this reason the most recent @entity1 staging classification (6th edition) of the International Union Against @entity1 (UICC) and the American Joint Committee on @entity1 (AJCC) includes new criteria for the more advanced cases (e.g., T4 categories and stage IV disease). These criteria reflect the fact that in heterogeneous populations there is a realistic opportunity for cure in some @entity0 but not in others. This review summarizes the criteria used in the new TNM for @entity3 , and outlines the rationale behind the current changes. It also provides some guidance regarding optimal source data to facilitate classification in the registry setting. In addition, the need for additional changes in the future is recognized.

title: New TNM staging criteria for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We compared the @entity4 and the quality of life of a constant daily dose of intrathecal drug administered at different flow rates in @entity0 treated for @entity3 . We postulate that the quality of the @entity4 , at the same daily dose, will show an infusion rate dependent pattern with decreased @entity2 at higher flow rates. @entity0 : Twenty consecutive @entity0 on stable intrathecal treatment were included in a double-blind three-period crossover study where the same daily dose was administered at single, double, and quadruple flow rates in a randomized sequence. OUTCOMES MEASURES:     The mean daily @entity2 score and the quality of life (EuroQol measure of health outcome [EQ-5D]) were measured following each flow rate change, after 1 week of stabilization. Results.    Visual analog scale (VAS) scores remained unchanged with all flow rates. Compared with the lowest flow rate, the EQ-5D index decreased with double and even more with quadruple flow rate, suggesting a clinically relevant worsening of the health state with higher flow rates. Adverse events were equally distributed in all groups. CONCLUSION: @entity2 VAS did not significantly change with flow rate. This is consistent with preclinical data showing very limited increase in drug distribution in the cerebrospinal fluid with much larger flow rate augmentation. However, the quality of life decreased consistently as the flow rate increased. This was entirely due to a worsening of the @entity2 and @entity1 dimension of the EQ-5D questionnaire, caused presumably by a slight increase in @entity2 rather than adverse events. We suggest that at higher flow rates increased drug dilution results in a decreased effect at the receptor site.

title: Effects of flow rate modifications on reported XXXX and quality of life in @entity3 @entity0 treated with continuous intrathecal drug therapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We compared the @entity4 and the quality of life of a constant daily dose of intrathecal drug administered at different flow rates in @entity0 treated for @entity3 . We postulate that the quality of the @entity4 , at the same daily dose, will show an infusion rate dependent pattern with decreased @entity2 at higher flow rates. @entity0 : Twenty consecutive @entity0 on stable intrathecal treatment were included in a double-blind three-period crossover study where the same daily dose was administered at single, double, and quadruple flow rates in a randomized sequence. OUTCOMES MEASURES:     The mean daily @entity2 score and the quality of life (EuroQol measure of health outcome [EQ-5D]) were measured following each flow rate change, after 1 week of stabilization. Results.    Visual analog scale (VAS) scores remained unchanged with all flow rates. Compared with the lowest flow rate, the EQ-5D index decreased with double and even more with quadruple flow rate, suggesting a clinically relevant worsening of the health state with higher flow rates. Adverse events were equally distributed in all groups. CONCLUSION: @entity2 VAS did not significantly change with flow rate. This is consistent with preclinical data showing very limited increase in drug distribution in the cerebrospinal fluid with much larger flow rate augmentation. However, the quality of life decreased consistently as the flow rate increased. This was entirely due to a worsening of the @entity2 and @entity1 dimension of the EQ-5D questionnaire, caused presumably by a slight increase in @entity2 rather than adverse events. We suggest that at higher flow rates increased drug dilution results in a decreased effect at the receptor site.

title: Effects of flow rate modifications on reported @entity4 and quality of life in XXXX @entity0 treated with continuous intrathecal drug therapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We compared the @entity4 and the quality of life of a constant daily dose of intrathecal drug administered at different flow rates in @entity0 treated for @entity3 . We postulate that the quality of the @entity4 , at the same daily dose, will show an infusion rate dependent pattern with decreased @entity2 at higher flow rates. @entity0 : Twenty consecutive @entity0 on stable intrathecal treatment were included in a double-blind three-period crossover study where the same daily dose was administered at single, double, and quadruple flow rates in a randomized sequence. OUTCOMES MEASURES:     The mean daily @entity2 score and the quality of life (EuroQol measure of health outcome [EQ-5D]) were measured following each flow rate change, after 1 week of stabilization. Results.    Visual analog scale (VAS) scores remained unchanged with all flow rates. Compared with the lowest flow rate, the EQ-5D index decreased with double and even more with quadruple flow rate, suggesting a clinically relevant worsening of the health state with higher flow rates. Adverse events were equally distributed in all groups. CONCLUSION: @entity2 VAS did not significantly change with flow rate. This is consistent with preclinical data showing very limited increase in drug distribution in the cerebrospinal fluid with much larger flow rate augmentation. However, the quality of life decreased consistently as the flow rate increased. This was entirely due to a worsening of the @entity2 and @entity1 dimension of the EQ-5D questionnaire, caused presumably by a slight increase in @entity2 rather than adverse events. We suggest that at higher flow rates increased drug dilution results in a decreased effect at the receptor site.

title: Effects of flow rate modifications on reported @entity4 and quality of life in @entity3 XXXX treated with continuous intrathecal drug therapy.

answer: @entity0