abstract: We performed @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for the suppression of @entity1 in 52 @entity0 and measured Compound Action Potentials (CAP) using electrocochleography before and after @entity3 . We examined the relation between residual inhibition and CAP. The purpose of this study was to investigate the origin and mechanism of suppression of @entity1 . Tinnitus was suppressed in 27 @entity0 (52%) after @entity3 . In the group of @entity0 in which we suppressed @entity1 increased from 3.0 +/- 1.5 microV to 3.2 +/- 1.6 microV (p < 0.05), the loudness of @entity1 was reduced from 7.3 +/- 4.7 dBSL to 5.6 +/- 5.1 dBSL (p < 0.05) and the CAP latencies did not exhibit remarkable change. In the group of @entity0 in which we did not suppress @entity1 , latencies and the loudness of @entity1 did not change remarkably. These data indicate that @entity3 affects auditory nerve fibers directly. It was reported that @entity3 is effective for @entity1 of peripheral origin and not for that of central origin and, that in @entity1 of peripheral origin, the spontaneous discharges of the auditory nerve increase in number. It is hypothesized that @entity3 affects @entity2 by synchronizing these spontaneous discharges. Side effects of @entity3 were cough and discomfort of the throat, nose, lips and oral cavity. These effects were observed only during electrical stimulation and there were no permanent side effects. In conclusion, @entity3 affects auditory nerve fibers directly, is effective for @entity1 of peripheral origin and is not associated with serious complications.

title: [Electrocochleographic analysis of the suppression of XXXX by electrical promontory stimulation and changes in compound action potentials].

answer: @entity1


abstract: From Mar. 1958 through Dec. 1977, a series of 48 @entity0 with @entity4 in the nasal cavity was treated by radiotherapy in our hospital. The incidence of the disease was only 4.8% (48/983) of all @entity3 during the same interval. The ratio of this @entity1 with the @entity3 arising for the nasopharynx, tonsil and the base of the tongue is 1:2, 1:3, 9:1. It has an equal chance of locating on the left or right, but was bilateral in 4 @entity0 . In 4, the nasopharynx; 3, the maxillary antrum and 14, the neighboring soft tissues were invaded. The stage IA and IIA lesions as treated by radiotherapy gave 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 year survival rates of 96%, 82%, 78%, 67% and 44% respectively. Stage IIIA lesions gave a 5 year survival of 25%. All @entity0 with stage IIIB and IV lesions as treated by combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy died within one year. Those involving the neighboring soft tissues and organs could give a 5 year survival of only 25% and 33%. The prognosis was influenced by the stage and radiation technique. The radiation field must be extensive enough to include the whole nasal cavity (cross the middle line by 1 cm), nasopharyx, the ipsilateral maxillary antrum, hard palate and the regional lymphatic areas. An optimum dose of 5000-6000 rad/five-six week is advisable for this kind of @entity1 . It is suggested that total body or hemibody irradiation be advisable for cases with distant metastases. Late sequela of @entity2 calls for meticulous protection of the eye during the initial radiotherapy.

title: [Radiotherapy of XXXX of the nasal cavity--report of 48 cases].

answer: @entity4


abstract: A reliable and accurate non-invasive test is needed to help determine grafts and/or fistulae in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . Sonographic scanning to assess the state of the @entity1 and AV shunt seems underused. To find out what role B-mode and Doppler play in the assessment of @entity1 and shunt, we scanned nine @entity0 with a @entity1 as central access and nine @entity0 with a graft several times over a period of a month. Diameters were measured before and after the AV shunt and Doppler measurements were made pre, inter and post shunt. We established that B-mode measurements are reliable in predicting the future and integrity of both fistulae and grafts. Doppler measurements were less consistent and therefore less reliable. The average initial measurement showed a screen of 5.766 mm and a second measurement of 5.890 mm; The coefficient of variation (CV)/reproducibility was 1.58% for first measurement. The average first and second measurements post graft were 6.317 mm and 6.365 mm, respectively. The CV/reproducibility was 0.48%. First and second peak flow measurements averaged 149 m/s and 112 m/s, respectively, resulting in a CV of 14.0%. We conclude that morphological changes may be more reliable than Doppler values, indicating a potentially greater use for B-mode ultrasound in predicting an open shunt and/or @entity1 .

title: Sonographic reproducibility of a novel approach in the assessment of centralised access in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. BACKGROUND: Malignant @entity4 (MSCC) has long been recognized as an important complication of @entity1 , but its incidence is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence, the management, and the outcome of MSCC in the @entity1 population of the Canadian province of Ontario. METHODS: Episodes of MSCC, and treatments used for each episode, were identified by linking electronic hospital separation records and @entity1 centre records to Ontario's population-based @entity1 registry. The cumulative frequency of MSCC in the last 5 years of life was described in the 121435 @entity0 who died of @entity1 in Ontario between 1990 and 1995. Survival after the first episode of MSCC, and duration of hospitalization with MSCC, was described. RESULTS: The cumulative probability of experiencing at least one episode of MSCC in the 5 years preceding death from @entity1 was 2.5% overall, and ranged from 0.2% in @entity2 to 7.9% in @entity3 . Overall, 60.2% of first episodes of MSCC were treated with primary radiotherapy, and 16.1% with surgery +/- postoperative radiotherapy, while in the remaining 23.7%, there was no record of radiotherapy or surgery. Overall, the median survival following the first episode of MSCC was 2.9 months. The diagnosis of MSCC was associated with a doubling of the time spent in hospital in the last year of life. CONCLUSION: MSCC is a fairly common occurrence among @entity0 dying of @entity1 . There is a 40-fold variation in the cumulative incidence of MSCC among different types of @entity1 .

title: A population-based study of malignant XXXX in Ontario.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Central @entity8 is still challenging to physicians. We herein report on our experiences with bronchotherapeutic procedures over a recent 8-month period. METHODS: From January 2002 to August 2002, 21 @entity0 received 26 procedures (4 core outs, 6 dilations, 13 stent placements, 2 biopsies, and 1 foreign body removal). All @entity0 were treated with or assisted using a rigid bronchoscope technique, except in 1 case in which a fiber bronchoscope was used. The etiologies included 4 cases of @entity1 , 3 cases of @entity2 , 6 cases of airway intubation, 2 cases of @entity4 , 1 case of @entity7 , 1 case of @entity3 , 1 case of subglottic web, 1 case of foreign body, and 2 cases of unknown origin. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity0 receiving bronchotherapeutic procedures benefited from the procedures, with 2 complications occurring in our series. One @entity0 who was 87 years old with @entity5 and @entity9 died 5 days after the operation. Stent-related complications occurred in 2 @entity0 (1 collapse by compression and 1 @entity11 ). No airway laceration occurred while performing the procedure. Two instances of intraoperative @entity6 were encountered, which were successfully controlled by compression of the lesion using the side of the rigid bronchoscope. CONCLUSIONS: In malignant airway obstructions, we resected the @entity2 with the tip of the rigid bronchoscope. Stents were reserved for @entity0 with residual obstruction or severe extrinsic compression. In benign airway obstructions, dilation with a rigid bronchoscope was routinely used. @entity10 stents were preferred for managing benign @entity8 .

title: Preliminary experience with bronchotherapeutic procedures in central XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: This meta-analysis (k = 48) investigated two relationships in competitive sport: (1) state cognitive @entity1 with performance and (2) state self-confidence with performance. The cognitive @entity1 mean effect size was r = -0.10 (P < 0.05). The self-confidence mean effect size was r = 0.24 (P < 0.001). A paired-samples t-test revealed that the magnitude of the self-confidence mean effect size was significantly greater than that of the cognitive @entity1 mean effect size. The moderator variables for the cognitive @entity1 were sex and standard of competition. The mean effect size for @entity0 (r = -0.22) was significantly greater than the mean effect size for @entity0 (r = -0.03). The mean effect size for high-standard competition (r = -0.27) was significantly greater than that for comparatively low-standard competition (r = -0.06). The significant moderator variables for the self-confidence-performance relationship were sex, standard of competition and measurement. The mean effect size for @entity0 (r = 0.29) was significantly greater than that for @entity0 (r = 0.04) and the mean effect size for high-standard competition (r = 0.33) was significantly greater than that for low-standard competition (r = 0.16). The mean effect size derived from studies employing the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (r = 0.19) was significantly smaller than the mean effect size derived from studies using other measures of self-confidence (r = 0.38). Measurement issues are discussed and future research directions are offered in light of the results.

title: The relative impact of cognitive XXXX and self-confidence upon sport performance: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The proper assessment of @entity1 can be objectively accomplished only by examining the vascular, hormonal, neurologic, and psychologic components. The vascular surgeon today requires the ability to participate in multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and needs an understanding of pelvic hemodynamics to design aortoiliac reconstructions that optimize pelvic blood flow. We perform a history and physical examination carefully designed to evaluate erectile ability and detail vascular involvement. Outpatient serum samples are obtained for hormonal analysis. In the noninvasive vascular laboratory, we measure the penile blood pressure using a 2.5 cm cuff and a 10 MHz Doppler probe. We feel strongly that measuring the right and left cavernosal artery pressures directly and determining the penile/brachial index (PBI) most accurately reflects penile flow. A PBI less than 0.6 is diagnostic of @entity2 , and a PBI greater than 0.75 is normal. We perform our pelvic steal test by exercising the thigh and buttock muscle groups, and comparing the PBI before and after exercise. A decrease of 0.1 or more represents a positive steal test. Measurement of nocturnal penile tumescence is valuable in cases where history, physical examination, and noninvasive vascular laboratory evaluations do not correspond. A neurologic evaluation may include cystometrography or sacral latency testing when indicated. Psychological screening is performed in all @entity0 . We screened 54 vascular clinic @entity0 and found 81% to be symptomatic of @entity1 . In this group, 79% had a PBI less than 0.75, and 38% had a positive pelvic steal test. Illustrative cases are presented herein and the implications in aortoiliac surgery are discussed.

title: The multidisciplinary approach to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Current methods available for periodontal disease diagnosis are seriously deficient in terms of accuracy, in the ability to predict ongoing or future disease activity and indeed in determining whether previously diseased sites are in an arrested phase or still active. One area that is receiving a great deal of attention is the biochemical investigation of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). b-glucuronidase (bG) is one of the enzymes found in GCF that is involved in degradation of the ground substance and fibrillar components of host connective tissue. GCF bG activity might be a good indicator or predictor of periodontal disease activity. This study was conducted to estimate and compare the GCF bG levels in @entity0 with healthy periodontium, @entity1 , and @entity2 . METHODOLOGY: Subjects were classified into three groups of 20 @entity0 each; healthy individuals, @entity1 , and @entity2 . After recording the plaque index, gingival index and probing pocket depth, 1  L GCF was collected by placing a calibrated microcapillary pipette extracrevicularly and transferred to sterile plastic vials containing 350  L of normal saline with 1% bovine serum albumin. Analysis of bG was done by spectrophotometry. RESULTS: bG levels in GCF were significantly higher in @entity2 group (mean value - 2.04743), followed by @entity1 group (mean - 1.11510) and healthy group (0.53643). CONCLUSION: Increased bG levels were observed in @entity0 with increased periodontal destruction, hence GCF bG levels can be used as biochemical marker for periodontal disease activity.

title: Comparative analysis of gingival crevicular fluid b-glucuronidase levels in health, XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Current methods available for periodontal disease diagnosis are seriously deficient in terms of accuracy, in the ability to predict ongoing or future disease activity and indeed in determining whether previously diseased sites are in an arrested phase or still active. One area that is receiving a great deal of attention is the biochemical investigation of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). b-glucuronidase (bG) is one of the enzymes found in GCF that is involved in degradation of the ground substance and fibrillar components of host connective tissue. GCF bG activity might be a good indicator or predictor of periodontal disease activity. This study was conducted to estimate and compare the GCF bG levels in @entity0 with healthy periodontium, @entity1 , and @entity2 . METHODOLOGY: Subjects were classified into three groups of 20 @entity0 each; healthy individuals, @entity1 , and @entity2 . After recording the plaque index, gingival index and probing pocket depth, 1  L GCF was collected by placing a calibrated microcapillary pipette extracrevicularly and transferred to sterile plastic vials containing 350  L of normal saline with 1% bovine serum albumin. Analysis of bG was done by spectrophotometry. RESULTS: bG levels in GCF were significantly higher in @entity2 group (mean value - 2.04743), followed by @entity1 group (mean - 1.11510) and healthy group (0.53643). CONCLUSION: Increased bG levels were observed in @entity0 with increased periodontal destruction, hence GCF bG levels can be used as biochemical marker for periodontal disease activity.

title: Comparative analysis of gingival crevicular fluid b-glucuronidase levels in health, @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: It is widely reported that expressive writing can improve mental and physical health. However, to date, the neural correlates of expressive writing have not been reported. The current study examined the neural electrical correlates of expressive writing in a reappraisal approach. Three groups of @entity0 were required to give a public speech. Before speaking, the reappraisal writing group was asked to write about the current stressful task in a reappraisal manner. The irrelevant writing group was asked to write about their weekly plan, and the non-writing group did not write anything. It was found that following the experimental writing manipulation, both reappraisal and irrelevant writing conditions decreased self-reported @entity1 levels. But when re-exposed to the stressful situation, @entity0 in the irrelevant writing group showed increased @entity1 levels, while @entity1 levels remained lower in the reappraisal group. During the experimental writing manipulation period, @entity0 in the reappraisal group had lower frontal alpha asymmetry scores than those in the irrelevant writing group. However, following re-exposure to stress, @entity0 in the reappraisal group showed higher frontal alpha asymmetry scores than those in the irrelevant writing group. Self-reported @entity1 and frontal alpha asymmetry of the non-writing condition did not change significantly across these different stages. It is noteworthy that expressive writing in a reappraisal style seems not to be a fast-acting treatment but may instead take effect in the long run.

title: Reappraisal writing relieves social XXXX and may be accompanied by changes in frontal alpha asymmetry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective. To systematically collect evidence and evaluate the effects of Danhong injection (DHI) for @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted in seven electronic databases up to January 2015. The methodological and reporting quality of included studies was assessed by using AMSTAR and PRISMA. Result. Five articles were included. The conclusions suggest that DHI plus conventional medicine treatment was effective for @entity1 pectoris treatment, could alleviate symptoms of @entity0 and ameliorate electrocardiograms. Flaws of the original studies and systematic reviews weaken the strength of evidence. Limitations of the methodology quality include performing an incomprehensive literature search, lacking detailed characteristics, ignoring clinical heterogeneity, and not assessing publication bias and other forms of bias. The flaws of reporting systematic reviews included the following: not providing a structured summary, no standardized search strategy. For the pooled findings, researchers took statistical heterogeneity into consideration, but clinical and methodology heterogeneity were ignored. Conclusion. DHI plus conventional medicine treatment generally appears to be effective for @entity1 treatment. However, the evidence is not hard enough due to methodological flaws in original clinical trials and systematic reviews. Furthermore, rigorous designed randomized controlled trials are also needed. The methodology and reporting quality of systematic reviews should be improved.

title: An Overview of Meta-Analyses of Danhong Injection for Unstable XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Background. The aim of this study is to investigate whether @entity9 (EGCG) can prevent the UA-induced inflammatory effect of @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and the involved mechanisms in vitro. Methods. HUVEC were subjected to @entity5 (UA) with or without EGCG treatment. RT-PCR and western blots were performed to determine the level of @entity2 marker. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring scavenged reactive @entity1 species (ROS). Functional studies of the role of @entity3 in HUVEC lines were performed using RNA interference analyses. Results. UA significantly increased the expressions of @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity4 , and @entity8 and the production of ROS in HUVEC. Meanwhile, the expression of @entity3 and its downstream effects significantly increased. Using siRNA, inhibition of @entity3 signaling significantly impeded the expressions of inflammatory cytokines under UA treatment. Interestingly, EGCG suppressed the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and the generation of ROS. Western blot analysis of @entity3 showed that EGCG significantly decreased the expressions of inflammatory cytokines through @entity3 signaling pathways. Conclusions. In summary, our findings indicated that @entity3 plays an important role in the UA-induced inflammatory response, and the downregulation of @entity3 by EGCG could be an effective approach to decrease @entity2 and oxidative stress induced by UA.

title: EGCG Attenuates XXXX -Induced Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Responses by Medicating the NOTCH Pathway.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2 arising from the pericallosal artery (PA) are uncommon and challenging to treat. The aim of this study was to report our experiences of the endovascular treatment of @entity5 . METHODS: From September 2003 to December 2013, 30 @entity5 in 30 @entity0 were treated at our institution via an endovascular approach. Procedural data, clinical and angiographic results were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Regarding immediate angiographic control, complete occlusion was achieved in 21 (70.0%) @entity0 and near-complete occlusion in 9 (30.0%). Eight procedure-related complications occurred, including intraprocedural @entity1 and early rebleeding in three each, and @entity3 event in two. At last follow-up, 18 @entity0 were independent with a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-2, and the other 12 were either dependent or had expired (mRS score, 3-6). Adjacent @entity4 was found to be associated with an increased risk of poor clinical outcome. Seventeen of 23 surviving @entity0 underwent follow-up conventional angiography (mean, 16.5 months). Results showed stable occlusion in 14 (82.4%), minor recanalization in two (11.8%), and major recanalization, which required recoiling, in one (5.9%). CONCLUSION: Our experiences demonstrate that endovascular treatment for a @entity5 is both feasible and effective. However, periprocedural rebleedings were found to occur far more often (20.0%) than is generally suspected and to be associated with preoperative contrast retention. Analysis showed existing adjacent @entity4 is predictive of a poor clinical outcome.

title: Endovascular Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 grow insidiously and compress adjacent cerebral structures. Achieving complete removal without further @entity3 can be difficult. Microsurgical removal of large lesions is a challenging procedure and usually involves some brain retraction. The endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) for @entity2 arising from the anterior fossa have been well described; however, their effect on the adjacent brain tissue has not. Herein, the authors utilized the magnetic resonance imaging fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence signal as a marker for @entity1 and @entity7 on pre- and post-operative images of @entity6 , thus presenting an objective parameter for @entity5 after surgical manipulation. METHODS: Imaging of 18 @entity6 removed through EEAs was reviewed. @entity2 and pre/postoperative FLAIR signal volumes were assessed utilizing the DICOM image viewer OsiriX(  ). Inclusion criteria were: (1) No previous treatment; (2) EEA gross total removal; (3) no further treatment. RESULTS: There were 14 females and 4 males; the average age was 53.8 years (  8.85 years). Average @entity2 volume was 24.75 cm(3) (  23.26 cm(3), range 2.8-75.7 cm(3)), average preoperative FLAIR volume 31.17 cm(3) (  39.38 cm(3), range 0-127.5 cm(3)) and average postoperative change volume, 4.16 cm(3) (  6.18 cm(3), range 0-22.2 cm(3)). Average time of postoperative scanning was 6 months (range 0.14-20 months). In all cases (100%) gross total @entity2 removal was achieved. Nine @entity0 (50%) had no postoperative FLAIR changes. In 2 @entity0 (9%) there was minimal increase of changes postoperatively (2.2 cm(3) and 6 cm(3) respectively); all others demonstrated image improvement. The most common complication was postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage (27.8%); 1 @entity0 (5.5%) died due to systemic complications and @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: FLAIR signal changes tend to resolve after @entity2 resection and do not seem to worsen with this operative technique.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence signal reduction after endoscopic endonasal transcribiform total resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine key features and define a strategy for differentiation between @entity1 and @entity2 using sonography. METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at our hospital, and informed consent was waived. We reviewed sonograms of pathologically proven @entity1 and @entity2 of the extremities and body wall. On grayscale images, @entity0 were evaluated on the basis of their size, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, shape, contour, margin, location, encapsulation, echogenicity, echo texture, cystic changes, presence of intratumoral calcifications, presence of a target sign, and presence of an entering or exiting nerve. If an entering or exiting nerve was identified, the @entity0 transition were characterized. On color Doppler images, the presence and amount of vascularity were evaluated. Student t tests were used for analysis of continuous variables (size, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, and age);   (2) and Fisher exact tests were used for analysis of categorical variables. RESULTS: A total of 146 pathologically proven @entity0 , including 115 @entity1 and 31 @entity2 of the extremities and body wall, were included. The maximum diameter, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, contour, @entity0 transition, and vascularity were significantly different in @entity1 versus @entity2 (P < .05), and a lobulated contour, fusiform shape, and hypovascularity of @entity2 could be helpful for differentiation when a prediction model is considered. The nerve- @entity0 position, nerve- @entity0 transition, and maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio were also significantly different between groups (P < .05) and thus could be useful for differentiation of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Sonographic findings are helpful in differentiating between @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Sonographic Differentiation Between @entity1 and XXXX in the Musculoskeletal System.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine key features and define a strategy for differentiation between @entity1 and @entity2 using sonography. METHODS: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at our hospital, and informed consent was waived. We reviewed sonograms of pathologically proven @entity1 and @entity2 of the extremities and body wall. On grayscale images, @entity0 were evaluated on the basis of their size, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, shape, contour, margin, location, encapsulation, echogenicity, echo texture, cystic changes, presence of intratumoral calcifications, presence of a target sign, and presence of an entering or exiting nerve. If an entering or exiting nerve was identified, the @entity0 transition were characterized. On color Doppler images, the presence and amount of vascularity were evaluated. Student t tests were used for analysis of continuous variables (size, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, and age);   (2) and Fisher exact tests were used for analysis of categorical variables. RESULTS: A total of 146 pathologically proven @entity0 , including 115 @entity1 and 31 @entity2 of the extremities and body wall, were included. The maximum diameter, maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio, contour, @entity0 transition, and vascularity were significantly different in @entity1 versus @entity2 (P < .05), and a lobulated contour, fusiform shape, and hypovascularity of @entity2 could be helpful for differentiation when a prediction model is considered. The nerve- @entity0 position, nerve- @entity0 transition, and maximum-to-minimum diameter ratio were also significantly different between groups (P < .05) and thus could be useful for differentiation of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Sonographic findings are helpful in differentiating between @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Sonographic Differentiation Between XXXX and @entity2 in the Musculoskeletal System.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Preoperative @entity2 and nadir hemoglobin (Hb) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) have been identified as significant risk factors for blood transfusion during cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to confirm the association between @entity2 , perioperative fluid management, and blood transfusion. In addition, the proportion of elective cardiac surgery @entity0 presenting for surgery with @entity2 was identified to examine whether the opportunity exists for timely diagnosis and intervention. Data from referral until hospital discharge were comprehensively reviewed over a 12-month period for all nonemergency cardiac surgical @entity0 operated on in our institution. Of the 342 @entity0 identified, elective cases were referred a median of 35 days before preoperative clinic and operated on a median of 14 days subsequently. Subacute cases had a median of 3 days from referral to surgery. As per the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for @entity2 , 24.2% of elective and 29.6% of subacute @entity0 were anemic. Blood transfusion was administered to 46.2% of @entity0 during their admission. Transfusion was more likely in @entity0 who were female (odds ratio [OR]: 2.45, 95%confidence interval [CI]: 1.28-4.70), had a low body mass index (BMI) (OR: .89, 95% CI: .84-.94), @entity2 (OR: 5.15, 95% CI: 2.59-10.24), or @entity1 (OR: 5.44, 95% CI: 2.42-12.22). Hemodilution minimization strategies reduced the Hb fall during CPB, but not transfusion rates. This study identifies a high prevalence of @entity2 with sufficient time for elective referrals to undergo appropriate diagnosis and interventions. It also confirms that low red cell mass ( @entity2 and low BMI) and @entity1 are predictors of perioperative blood transfusion. Perfusion strategies to reduce hemodilution are effective at minimizing the intraoperative fall in Hb concentration but did not influence transfusion rate.

title: Perioperative Hemoglobin Trajectory in Adult Cardiac Surgical XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work has been to determine the prognostic value of normal thallium-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) in @entity0 who had suffered @entity3 in the three months prior to the examination. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A stress test followed by (201)Tl Gated SPECT was performed. A follow-up was made of 63 @entity0 with normal perfusion scintigraphy. According to the MPS results, the @entity0 were divided into 2 groups. Group I (n=63; 57% males, age 65  12), @entity0 with normal MPS, and group II (n=60; 81% males, age 64  10), @entity0 with abnormal MPS. The appearance of a new @entity4 or @entity2 occurring during this period (63  3 months) was analyzed. The appearance of events was related with the cardiovascular risk factors, perfusion study and ventricular function. RESULTS: Five events occurred in group I in 4 @entity0 : 3 new @entity4 and 2 @entity2 . In group II, there were 18 events in 14 @entity0 : 8 new @entity4 and 10 @entity2 (p<0,0001). The events were related with age, time from MPS, @entity1 , size of perfusion defect and post stress ventricular ejection fraction. Mean survival en group I was 108 months (103-112) and in group II 97 (88-107) (p=0,01). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with normal MPS had fewer major events than @entity0 with abnormal MPS. The size of MPS has been related with the appearance of events. A depressed post-stress left ventricular ejection fraction has a poor prognosis.

title: [Prognostic value of normal myocardial perfusion scintigraphy with 201Tl in post-acute XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur is usually insufficient as physician usually relies on parental @entity3 in such situations. Local anesthetic blockade of femoral nerve to provide @entity3 in @entity2 shaft femur is an under-used technique. We conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with 0.5% @entity4 for acute @entity1 relief in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 @entity0 were studied as they present in an emergency ward. All @entity0 received an @entity5 with 15 ml of 0.5% @entity4 . The onset of block, duration of @entity3 , @entity0 's acceptance after 24 h together with the effect of block were assessed. RESULTS: The onset of @entity3 occurred in 5.34    1.10 min after the block. @entity1 scores decreased significantly from 9.12    0.9, preblock visual analog scale (VAS) score to 1.84    1.25, VAS score at 10 min after the block (P < 0.001). The quality of @entity3 did not change when @entity0 underwent radiological examination (38.9    5.22 min after block) and traction application (69.4    8.98 min after block). The duration of @entity3 observed was 227    63.99 min. @entity0 acceptance after 24 h of @entity5 was good in 86% @entity0 . There were no side effects. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that in the emergency ward, rapid, effective, and long lasting @entity3 can be achieved by safe and simple @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur.

title: XXXX for acute @entity1 relief in @entity2 shaft femur in an emergency ward.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur is usually insufficient as physician usually relies on parental @entity3 in such situations. Local anesthetic blockade of femoral nerve to provide @entity3 in @entity2 shaft femur is an under-used technique. We conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with 0.5% @entity4 for acute @entity1 relief in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 @entity0 were studied as they present in an emergency ward. All @entity0 received an @entity5 with 15 ml of 0.5% @entity4 . The onset of block, duration of @entity3 , @entity0 's acceptance after 24 h together with the effect of block were assessed. RESULTS: The onset of @entity3 occurred in 5.34    1.10 min after the block. @entity1 scores decreased significantly from 9.12    0.9, preblock visual analog scale (VAS) score to 1.84    1.25, VAS score at 10 min after the block (P < 0.001). The quality of @entity3 did not change when @entity0 underwent radiological examination (38.9    5.22 min after block) and traction application (69.4    8.98 min after block). The duration of @entity3 observed was 227    63.99 min. @entity0 acceptance after 24 h of @entity5 was good in 86% @entity0 . There were no side effects. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that in the emergency ward, rapid, effective, and long lasting @entity3 can be achieved by safe and simple @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur.

title: @entity5 for acute XXXX relief in @entity2 shaft femur in an emergency ward.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur is usually insufficient as physician usually relies on parental @entity3 in such situations. Local anesthetic blockade of femoral nerve to provide @entity3 in @entity2 shaft femur is an under-used technique. We conducted a study to evaluate the efficacy of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with 0.5% @entity4 for acute @entity1 relief in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 @entity0 were studied as they present in an emergency ward. All @entity0 received an @entity5 with 15 ml of 0.5% @entity4 . The onset of block, duration of @entity3 , @entity0 's acceptance after 24 h together with the effect of block were assessed. RESULTS: The onset of @entity3 occurred in 5.34    1.10 min after the block. @entity1 scores decreased significantly from 9.12    0.9, preblock visual analog scale (VAS) score to 1.84    1.25, VAS score at 10 min after the block (P < 0.001). The quality of @entity3 did not change when @entity0 underwent radiological examination (38.9    5.22 min after block) and traction application (69.4    8.98 min after block). The duration of @entity3 observed was 227    63.99 min. @entity0 acceptance after 24 h of @entity5 was good in 86% @entity0 . There were no side effects. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that in the emergency ward, rapid, effective, and long lasting @entity3 can be achieved by safe and simple @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity2 shaft femur.

title: @entity5 for acute @entity1 relief in XXXX shaft femur in an emergency ward.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a chronic inflammatory disease where the contribution of T cells is now supported by clinical results. Among the cytokines produced by T cells, interleukin (IL)-17A (previously known as @entity4 ) and @entity5 constitute the signature cytokines of the newly described Th17 T helper cell subset. While the effects of @entity4 on @entity3 synoviocytes been well described, those of @entity5 remain less studied. The present review describes the effects of @entity4 and @entity5 on synoviocytes and their contribution to @entity3 pathogenesis. Although @entity5 is less active than @entity4 when used alone, @entity4 and @entity5 induce in synoviocytes a rather similar expression pattern in the presence of @entity0 @entity2 factor a. They enhance their response by stabilising mRNA of cytokines and enhancing receptor expression. They increase the migration, chemokine gene expression and invasiveness of synoviocytes. They contribute to disease chronicity by inhibiting synoviocyte apoptosis. Finally, they enhance metalloprotease secretion leading to @entity1 . These properties support the combined inhibition of @entity4 and -F to control @entity3 and joint destruction.

title: Effects of interleukin (IL)-17A and @entity5 in human XXXX synoviocytes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a chronic inflammatory disease where the contribution of T cells is now supported by clinical results. Among the cytokines produced by T cells, interleukin (IL)-17A (previously known as @entity4 ) and @entity5 constitute the signature cytokines of the newly described Th17 T helper cell subset. While the effects of @entity4 on @entity3 synoviocytes been well described, those of @entity5 remain less studied. The present review describes the effects of @entity4 and @entity5 on synoviocytes and their contribution to @entity3 pathogenesis. Although @entity5 is less active than @entity4 when used alone, @entity4 and @entity5 induce in synoviocytes a rather similar expression pattern in the presence of @entity0 @entity2 factor a. They enhance their response by stabilising mRNA of cytokines and enhancing receptor expression. They increase the migration, chemokine gene expression and invasiveness of synoviocytes. They contribute to disease chronicity by inhibiting synoviocyte apoptosis. Finally, they enhance metalloprotease secretion leading to @entity1 . These properties support the combined inhibition of @entity4 and -F to control @entity3 and joint destruction.

title: Effects of interleukin (IL)-17A and XXXX in human @entity3 synoviocytes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: An accurate definition of clinical target volume (CTV) is essential for the application of radiotherapy in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) treatment. A novel @entity2 ( @entity2 )-targeting contrast agent (C225-USPIO) was designed by conjugating ultrasmall superparamagnetic @entity3 (USPIO) nanoparticles with cetuximab (C225), to non-invasively define the CTV of @entity0 . The immunobinding activity of C225-USPIO to @entity1 cell line CNE1 was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. The time-dependent accumulation of C225-USPIO in CNE1 cells was evaluated using Prussian blue staining. Targeted internalization and subcellular localization of C225-USPIO was confirmed by transmission electron microscope. The results indicated that C225-USPIO specifically bound to @entity2 on the surface of CNE1 cells and was taken up into the cell. The uptake of C225-USPIO by CNE1 cells increased significantly with time, when compared with human IgG-USPIO. In addition, 4.7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that C225-USPIO had a capacity to accumulate in the CNE1 cells, with a resultant marked decrease in MRI T2-weighted signal intensity over time. These findings imply that C225-USPIO has the potential as an MRI contrast agent and can be employed to non-invasively detect early-stage @entity1 with @entity2 overexpression. This provides sufficient theoretical basis for commencing in vivo experiments with the compound.

title: Specific targeting of XXXX cell line CNE1 by C225-conjugated ultrasmall superparamagnetic @entity3 particles with magnetic resonance imaging.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An accurate definition of clinical target volume (CTV) is essential for the application of radiotherapy in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) treatment. A novel @entity2 ( @entity2 )-targeting contrast agent (C225-USPIO) was designed by conjugating ultrasmall superparamagnetic @entity3 (USPIO) nanoparticles with cetuximab (C225), to non-invasively define the CTV of @entity0 . The immunobinding activity of C225-USPIO to @entity1 cell line CNE1 was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. The time-dependent accumulation of C225-USPIO in CNE1 cells was evaluated using Prussian blue staining. Targeted internalization and subcellular localization of C225-USPIO was confirmed by transmission electron microscope. The results indicated that C225-USPIO specifically bound to @entity2 on the surface of CNE1 cells and was taken up into the cell. The uptake of C225-USPIO by CNE1 cells increased significantly with time, when compared with human IgG-USPIO. In addition, 4.7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that C225-USPIO had a capacity to accumulate in the CNE1 cells, with a resultant marked decrease in MRI T2-weighted signal intensity over time. These findings imply that C225-USPIO has the potential as an MRI contrast agent and can be employed to non-invasively detect early-stage @entity1 with @entity2 overexpression. This provides sufficient theoretical basis for commencing in vivo experiments with the compound.

title: Specific targeting of @entity1 cell line CNE1 by C225-conjugated ultrasmall superparamagnetic XXXX particles with magnetic resonance imaging.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of screening history on the risk of cervical precancer and @entity1 after an @entity3 )-positive test. METHODS: A large health maintenance organization introduced cytology and HPV cotesting into routine clinical practice in 2003. We selected @entity0 aged 30 and older who tested HPV positive, cytology negative between January 2006 and December 2008 who had any clinical follow-up documented before January 2010 (n=26,799). The 1-year and 4-year cumulative incidence rates and rate ratios for @entity5 or higher (CIN 2+) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated as estimates of absolute risk and relative risk, respectively. Results were stratified on immediate past HPV test and @entity2 results. RESULTS: Without consideration of past screening round, the 1-year and 4-year cumulative incidence rates for CIN 2+ after an HPV-positive, @entity2 -negative result were 2.83 (95% CI 2.55-3.12) and 7.89 (95% CI 7.00-8.78). However, risks varied substantially by past screening result. For example, the 4-year risk of CIN2+ was greater for @entity0 who had a past HPV-positive, @entity2 -negative result (cumulative incidence rate=11.79, 95% CI 10.22-13.36) compared with those who had HPV-negative, @entity2 -negative result (cumulative incidence rate=4.56, 95% CI 3.43-5.69; cumulative incidence rate ratio=2.59, 95% CI 2.30-2.87). CONCLUSION: Because cervical precancer is associated with persistent @entity4 , the risk associated with an HPV-positive test can vary significantly depending on the immediate past screening round. Optimizing screening programs will require knowledge of screening history.

title: Variable risk of cervical precancer and @entity1 after a XXXX -positive test.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of screening history on the risk of cervical precancer and @entity1 after an @entity3 )-positive test. METHODS: A large health maintenance organization introduced cytology and HPV cotesting into routine clinical practice in 2003. We selected @entity0 aged 30 and older who tested HPV positive, cytology negative between January 2006 and December 2008 who had any clinical follow-up documented before January 2010 (n=26,799). The 1-year and 4-year cumulative incidence rates and rate ratios for @entity5 or higher (CIN 2+) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated as estimates of absolute risk and relative risk, respectively. Results were stratified on immediate past HPV test and @entity2 results. RESULTS: Without consideration of past screening round, the 1-year and 4-year cumulative incidence rates for CIN 2+ after an HPV-positive, @entity2 -negative result were 2.83 (95% CI 2.55-3.12) and 7.89 (95% CI 7.00-8.78). However, risks varied substantially by past screening result. For example, the 4-year risk of CIN2+ was greater for @entity0 who had a past HPV-positive, @entity2 -negative result (cumulative incidence rate=11.79, 95% CI 10.22-13.36) compared with those who had HPV-negative, @entity2 -negative result (cumulative incidence rate=4.56, 95% CI 3.43-5.69; cumulative incidence rate ratio=2.59, 95% CI 2.30-2.87). CONCLUSION: Because cervical precancer is associated with persistent @entity4 , the risk associated with an HPV-positive test can vary significantly depending on the immediate past screening round. Optimizing screening programs will require knowledge of screening history.

title: Variable risk of cervical precancer and XXXX after a @entity3 -positive test.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To characterize the epidemiology and estimate the incidence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) among @entity0 in Israel. METHODS: Using the Israel National Hospital Discharge Register, we investigated the epidemiologic features of @entity1 among @entity0 <18 years of age between 1996 to 2009 in Israel. Incidence rates were calculated using the corresponding census data. RESULTS: During 1996 through 2009, 685 @entity0 <18 years of age were hospitalized for @entity1 in Israel. Of these @entity0 , 88% were aged <5 years; the male/female ratio was 1.7:1; and most cases occurred in late winter-early spring. The overall incidence of @entity1 was 6.4 per 100,000 @entity0 <5 years of age. Since 2000, there was a gradual increase in @entity1 incidence as well as in the ratio of @entity1 -associated hospitalizations to all-cause pediatric hospitalizations. For male @entity0 <1 year of age, @entity1 rates almost doubled: from 5.8 per 100,000 cases in 1996-1998 to an average of 11.9 cases per 100,000 in the following years (P = 0.002). The overall proportion of @entity0 with @entity2 was 2.9%, higher rates of @entity2 were observed in @entity0 <1 or >5 years of age and in male @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Major epidemiologic features of @entity1 among Israeli @entity0 are similar to those reported for the white population in Europe and the United States. @entity1 incidence increased during the study period, especially among male @entity0 <1 year of age.

title: XXXX in Israel.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative imaging is an important aspect of @entity0 evaluation before liver transplantation for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) because the size and number of @entity1 are indicators of posttransplant prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the preoperative detectability of @entity2 and clarify the role of preoperative assessment on prognosis after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). METHODS: Eighty-one @entity0 who underwent LDLT for @entity2 accompanied by @entity3 were reviewed. A total of 149 nodules were pathologically diagnosed as @entity4 . The pathologic findings were correlated with preoperative results from contrast-enhanced computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography with angiography. RESULTS: The detectability of small @entity4 (<1 cm) and well-differentiated @entity4 was significantly reduced. Forty-six of 81 cases were preoperatively judged to meet the Milan criteria, although 16 of these failed to meet the criteria according to postoperative pathologic examination. However, recurrence-free survival in the 16 cases was similar to that in the 30 cases who met the criteria. CONCLUSIONS: The preoperative diagnostic accuracy of radiologic imaging for small-sized, well-differentiated @entity4 requires improvement. However, these undetected @entity4 have little effect on prognosis after LDLT, and current imaging modalities therefore provide acceptable methods of preoperative LDLT evaluation.

title: Prognostic significance of preoperative imaging in recipients of living donor liver transplantation for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Genotypes of Shiga toxin-producing @entity3 (STEC) O157 isolated from @entity0 and @entity2 were analyzed by uni- and multivariable logistic regression, and population structure methods, to gain insight into transmission and the nature of @entity0 @entity1 . Eleven genotyping assays, including PCR typing of five virulence factors ( @entity4 ), @entity5 ), @entity5 ), eae, and ehxA) and a lineage-specific polymorphism assay using six markers (LSPA6), were considered in the analyses. The prevalence of the @entity4 ), @entity5 ), and @entity5 ) virulence factors was significantly different between @entity0 and @entity2 isolates. However, multivariable regression revealed that the presence of only the @entity5 ) gene was significantly associated with @entity0 isolates after controlling for confounding effects. LSPA6 typing demonstrated an apparent difference in the distribution of LSPA6 lineages between @entity0 and @entity2 isolates and a strong association between stx genotypes and LSPA6 genotypes. Population genetics tools identified three genetically distinct clusters of STEC O157. Each cluster was characterized by stx genotypes and LSPA6 genotypes. The @entity0 isolates typically comprised LSPA6 lineage I with @entity4 ) @entity5 ) strains and LSPA6 lineage I/II with @entity5 ) or @entity5 ) @entity5 ) strains [corrected]. In contrast, the @entity2 isolates comprised LSPA6 lineage II strains withstx(2c) or @entity4 ) @entity5 ) strains [corrected] in addition to the clusters identified for the @entity0 isolates. Our analyses provide new evidence that the @entity5 ) gene is the most distinctive feature in @entity0 isolates compared to @entity2 isolates in Japan, and only a subset of the genetically diverse population isolated from @entity2 is involved in @entity0 illnesses. Our results may contribute to international comparisons and risk assessments of STEC O157.

title: Multivariate analyses revealed distinctive features differentiating @entity0 and @entity2 isolates of Shiga toxin-producing XXXX O157 in Japan.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Genotypes of Shiga toxin-producing @entity3 (STEC) O157 isolated from @entity0 and @entity2 were analyzed by uni- and multivariable logistic regression, and population structure methods, to gain insight into transmission and the nature of @entity0 @entity1 . Eleven genotyping assays, including PCR typing of five virulence factors ( @entity4 ), @entity5 ), @entity5 ), eae, and ehxA) and a lineage-specific polymorphism assay using six markers (LSPA6), were considered in the analyses. The prevalence of the @entity4 ), @entity5 ), and @entity5 ) virulence factors was significantly different between @entity0 and @entity2 isolates. However, multivariable regression revealed that the presence of only the @entity5 ) gene was significantly associated with @entity0 isolates after controlling for confounding effects. LSPA6 typing demonstrated an apparent difference in the distribution of LSPA6 lineages between @entity0 and @entity2 isolates and a strong association between stx genotypes and LSPA6 genotypes. Population genetics tools identified three genetically distinct clusters of STEC O157. Each cluster was characterized by stx genotypes and LSPA6 genotypes. The @entity0 isolates typically comprised LSPA6 lineage I with @entity4 ) @entity5 ) strains and LSPA6 lineage I/II with @entity5 ) or @entity5 ) @entity5 ) strains [corrected]. In contrast, the @entity2 isolates comprised LSPA6 lineage II strains withstx(2c) or @entity4 ) @entity5 ) strains [corrected] in addition to the clusters identified for the @entity0 isolates. Our analyses provide new evidence that the @entity5 ) gene is the most distinctive feature in @entity0 isolates compared to @entity2 isolates in Japan, and only a subset of the genetically diverse population isolated from @entity2 is involved in @entity0 illnesses. Our results may contribute to international comparisons and risk assessments of STEC O157.

title: Multivariate analyses revealed distinctive features differentiating @entity0 and XXXX isolates of Shiga toxin-producing @entity3 O157 in Japan.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Genotypes of Shiga toxin-producing @entity3 (STEC) O157 isolated from @entity0 and @entity2 were analyzed by uni- and multivariable logistic regression, and population structure methods, to gain insight into transmission and the nature of @entity0 @entity1 . Eleven genotyping assays, including PCR typing of five virulence factors ( @entity4 ), @entity5 ), @entity5 ), eae, and ehxA) and a lineage-specific polymorphism assay using six markers (LSPA6), were considered in the analyses. The prevalence of the @entity4 ), @entity5 ), and @entity5 ) virulence factors was significantly different between @entity0 and @entity2 isolates. However, multivariable regression revealed that the presence of only the @entity5 ) gene was significantly associated with @entity0 isolates after controlling for confounding effects. LSPA6 typing demonstrated an apparent difference in the distribution of LSPA6 lineages between @entity0 and @entity2 isolates and a strong association between stx genotypes and LSPA6 genotypes. Population genetics tools identified three genetically distinct clusters of STEC O157. Each cluster was characterized by stx genotypes and LSPA6 genotypes. The @entity0 isolates typically comprised LSPA6 lineage I with @entity4 ) @entity5 ) strains and LSPA6 lineage I/II with @entity5 ) or @entity5 ) @entity5 ) strains [corrected]. In contrast, the @entity2 isolates comprised LSPA6 lineage II strains withstx(2c) or @entity4 ) @entity5 ) strains [corrected] in addition to the clusters identified for the @entity0 isolates. Our analyses provide new evidence that the @entity5 ) gene is the most distinctive feature in @entity0 isolates compared to @entity2 isolates in Japan, and only a subset of the genetically diverse population isolated from @entity2 is involved in @entity0 illnesses. Our results may contribute to international comparisons and risk assessments of STEC O157.

title: Multivariate analyses revealed distinctive features differentiating XXXX and @entity2 isolates of Shiga toxin-producing @entity3 O157 in Japan.

answer: @entity0


abstract: CONTEXT: Diurnal rhythms of LH and FSH have been reported in normal @entity0 , but it is unclear whether these reflect underlying circadian control from the suprachiasmatic nucleus and/or external influences. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether endogenous circadian rhythms of LH, FSH, and the glycoprotein @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are present in reproductive-aged @entity0 . DESIGN AND SETTING: Subjects were studied in the early follicular phase using a constant routine protocol in a Clinical Research Center at an academic medical center. SUBJECTS: Subjects were healthy, normal-cycling @entity0 aged 23-29 yr (n = 11). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Temperature data were collected, and blood samples were assayed for LH, FSH, @entity1 , and TSH. RESULTS: Core body temperature and TSH were best fit by a sinusoid model, indicating that known circadian rhythms were present in this population. However, the patterns of FSH, LH, and @entity1 over 24 h were best fit by a linear model. Furthermore, there were no differences in LH and @entity1 interpulse intervals or pulse amplitudes between evening, night, and morning. CONCLUSIONS: Under conditions that control for sleep/wake, light/dark, activity, position, and nutritional cues, there is no circadian rhythm of LH, FSH, or @entity1 in @entity0 during the early follicular phase despite the presence of endogenous rhythms of TSH and core body temperature. These studies indicate that endogenous circadian control does not contribute to previously reported diurnal rhythms in reproductive-aged @entity0 and emphasizes the importance of environmental cues in controlling normal reproductive function.

title: Absence of circadian rhythms of gonadotropin secretion in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity6 increases @entity1 . We tested the hypothesis that increased arterial stiffness together with left @entity3 may be a contributory factor. @entity0 AND DESIGN: Fifty-six @entity0 (40 males, 54    13 yr; 25 active disease, 31 in remission) and 46 healthy controls (30 males, 52    13 yr) underwent measurements of aortic pulse wave velocity ( @entity2 ), carotid Doppler (IMT), echocardiography, and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: Mean serum @entity4 was 323    286 ng/ml (sd score 1.8    1.9) in all @entity0 . Age, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure (BP), and lipid levels were similar comparing @entity0 and controls. Systolic BP (130.8    19.9 vs. 122    14 mm Hg controls, P < 0.01) and @entity2 (11.7    3.8 vs. 9.7    2.8 m/sec, 95% confidence interval -3.4 to -0.7, P <0.01) were higher in @entity0 than controls. Regression analysis revealed age, presence of @entity6 , systolic BP, and body mass index, inversely, as significantly and independently associated with @entity2 . No difference in carotid IMT was seen (0.8    0.2 @entity0 vs. 0.7    0.2 mm controls, P = 0.5) or between active/controlled disease. In the subset of @entity0 with echocardiography (n = 32), left ventricular mass was higher by a mean of 38.2 g (95% confidence interval -80.9 to +4.6, P = 0.08). CONCLUSION: In summary, @entity0 with @entity6 had independently and significantly increased aortic @entity2 as evidence of arterial stiffening but unaltered carotid IMT compared with controls, also influenced by age and systolic BP. Premature @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity6 is likely related to pressure-related arterial and left ventricular stiffening rather than @entity5 .

title: Changes in arterial stiffness but not carotid intimal thickness in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Results obtained from the surgical treatment of 15 cases of type II and III tibial intercondylar eminence @entity1 -according to the classification of Meyers and McKeever [12, 13]-are reported in this paper. The average age of the @entity0 observed was 22 years (range 18-41). All @entity0 underwent an arthroscopic procedure of reduction and fixation. We used a bioabsorbable suture in ten @entity0 and a nonabsorbable suture in five @entity0 . The suture was passed at the ACL insertion, then pulled out through drilled tunnels and tied onto the anterior surface of the tibial metaphysis. Two of the 15 @entity0 treated underwent an additional arthroscopic procedure because of arthrofibrosis, 2 months after the first surgical intervention. All @entity0 were examined clinically and radiographically with an average follow-up of 18 months. According to the IKDC scoring system, recovery of the 13 @entity0 not undergoing additional intervention was graded as normal or near normal. In 14 @entity0 , anterior laxity was inferior to 5 mm at the KT-1000 arthrometer evaluation. Absorbable or nonabsorbable suture fixation is effective for obtaining a secure fixation and achieves good clinical and functional mid-term results.

title: Tibial intercondylar eminence XXXX in adults: arthroscopic treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Haemodialysis-induced @entity4 is associated with @entity3 , increased likelihood of @entity1 and @entity2 . Dialysis at 35  C reduces stunning, but adverse thermal symptoms limit technique adoption. This study investigated whether individualised body temperature dialysis improves haemodynamic stability and abrogates stunning. METHODS: Randomised crossover study of 11 @entity0 compared LV regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMAs) at 37  C ( @entity5 (37)) and body temperature ('individualised', @entity5 (ind)). Regional systolic function was quantitatively assessed by echocardiography. Haemodynamics were assessed using continuous pulse wave analysis. Thermal symptoms were scored by questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean predialysis body temperature was 36.0    0.1  C. Mean number of peak stress RWMAs per @entity0 was lower with @entity5 (ind) (3.9    1.4 vs. 5.3    1.5, p = 0.03). Intradialytic systolic BP was higher during @entity5 (ind) versus @entity5 (37) (p < 0.001). Individualised body temperature dialysis demonstrated symptomatic tolerability comparable to @entity5 (37). CONCLUSIONS: Individualised-temperature haemodialysis abrogates stunning, providing effective haemodynamic stabilisation at no additional therapy cost.

title: Individualised dialysate temperature improves intradialytic haemodynamics and abrogates haemodialysis-induced XXXX , without compromising tolerability.

answer: @entity4


abstract: This is a retrospective study of @entity0 having undergone surgical treatment of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) lesions in adulthood. The objectives were to assess the clinical, radiological, and surgical characteristics of @entity6 in adults. There is almost no study assessing these characteristics. Seven adult male @entity0 with @entity6 , ages between 20 and 23 (mean 21.1), had their primary evaluations between 1995 and 1999 in the Military Hospital, Yzmir, and G  lhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara. A temporary cerebrospinal fluid leak in the @entity0 with the @entity4 and a temporary partial @entity2 in the @entity0 with the @entity1 occurred. The most common preoperative complaint was @entity5 . This improved in three of four @entity0 (75%) but did not disappear. Although it is rare, an adult with an untreated @entity6 is a possible entity. These lesions should be included in the differential diagnosis of @entity3 in adults. Even though they appear as a simple spinal meningocele clinically, preoperative MR imaging and CT are necessary and helpful in the precise diagnosis and surgical planning.

title: The initial treatment of meningocele and XXXX in adulthood: experiences with seven @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This is a retrospective study of @entity0 having undergone surgical treatment of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) lesions in adulthood. The objectives were to assess the clinical, radiological, and surgical characteristics of @entity6 in adults. There is almost no study assessing these characteristics. Seven adult male @entity0 with @entity6 , ages between 20 and 23 (mean 21.1), had their primary evaluations between 1995 and 1999 in the Military Hospital, Yzmir, and G  lhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara. A temporary cerebrospinal fluid leak in the @entity0 with the @entity4 and a temporary partial @entity2 in the @entity0 with the @entity1 occurred. The most common preoperative complaint was @entity5 . This improved in three of four @entity0 (75%) but did not disappear. Although it is rare, an adult with an untreated @entity6 is a possible entity. These lesions should be included in the differential diagnosis of @entity3 in adults. Even though they appear as a simple spinal meningocele clinically, preoperative MR imaging and CT are necessary and helpful in the precise diagnosis and surgical planning.

title: The initial treatment of meningocele and @entity1 in adulthood: experiences with seven XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a system of prehospital thrombolysis, delivered by paramedics, in meeting the national service framework's targets for the management of @entity1 . DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study comparing @entity0 with suspected @entity1 considered for thrombolysis in the prehospital environment with @entity0 treated in hospital. SETTING: The catchment area of a large teaching hospital, including urban and rural areas. @entity0 : 201 @entity0 presenting concurrently over a 12 month period who had changes to the electrocardiogram that were diagnostic of @entity1 or who received thrombolysis for suspected @entity1 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time from first medical contact to initiation of thrombolysis (call to needle time), number of @entity0 given thrombolysis appropriately, and all cause mortality in hospital. RESULTS: The median call to needle time for @entity0 treated before arriving in hospital (n=28) was 52 (95% confidence interval 41 to 62) minutes. @entity0 from similar rural areas who were treated in hospital (n=43) had a median time of 125 (104 to 140) minutes. This represents a median time saved of 73 minutes (P < 0.001). Sixty minutes after medical contact 64% of @entity0 (18/28) treated before arrival in hospital had received thrombolysis; this compares with 4% of @entity0 (2/43) in a cohort from similar areas. Median call to needle time for @entity0 from urban areas (n=107) was 80 (78 to 93) minutes. @entity1 was confirmed in 89% of @entity0 (25/28) who had received prehospital thrombolysis; this compares with 92% (138/150) in the two groups of @entity0 receiving thrombolysis in hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Thrombolysis delivered by paramedics with support from the base hospital can meet the national targets for early thrombolysis. The system has been shown to work well and can be introduced without delay.

title: Prospective observational cohort study of time saved by prehospital thrombolysis for ST elevation XXXX delivered by paramedics.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Family presence during invasive procedures (IPs) is infrequent in Spanish @entity3 ( @entity3 ), despite the benefits of family presence. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the proportion of relatives who wish to be present during IP, to determine the percentage of relatives who stayed during IP in our PED, and to evaluate parental @entity1 . METHODS: A prospective observational study was carried out in a PED of an urban, tertiary-care university-affiliated hospital in Barcelona (Spain). A written survey was given to the relatives of @entity0 who were admitted to the PED during the month of November 2009. RESULTS: Of the 365 given questionnaires, 213 (58.4%) were completed. Ninety-nine percent of surveys were answered by the parents. Mean age of respondents was 37 years (74.6% were @entity0 ). IPs were performed on 73.3% of @entity0 , and 97.4% of IPs were performed in the presence of relatives. Parents were present during blood sampling (98%), urethral catheterizations (97%), lumbar punctures (LP; 72%), simple wound repair (62%), and @entity2 reductions (37%). Parents wanted to stay during blood sampling (98%), urethral catheterization (89.9%), LP (82.4%), simple wound repair (88.6%), and @entity2 reduction (86.5%). Respondents (51.6%) believed that parents should decide on their own whether their presence was desirable. Parents were least anxious during blood sampling and were most nervous during LP. CONCLUSION: Most of the parents wish to stay beside their @entity0 during IPs. In our PED, parents were present for more than 95% of IPs. The more invasive the procedure is, the more anxious parents feel.

title: Parental presence during invasive procedures in a Spanish pediatric emergency department: incidence, perspectives, and related XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the performance of PCR for the diagnosis of smear-negative @entity1 (SPT) and to identify factors that account for differences in the diagnostic accuracy of different studies. Studies published before February 2002 were included if sensitivity and specificity of PCR in smear-negative respiratory or gastric-aspirate specimens could be calculated. Analysis was conducted by using summary receiver operating characteristics models. Sensitivity and specificity ranged from 9 to 100% and from 25 to 100%, respectively. Fewer than 40% of the 50 studies reported results by number of @entity0 , reported clinical characteristics of @entity0 , or used as a reference standard combined culture and clinical criteria. Studies that included bronchial specimens showed higher accuracy than studies that evaluated only sputum specimens or included gastric aspirates. Studies that did not report that tests were applied blindly showed higher accuracy than those reporting blind testing. Increased sensitivity due to the use of DNA purification methods was associated with decreased specificity. Studies published after 1995, using Amplicor or @entity2 -UNG, were associated with an increase in specificity at the expense of lower sensitivity. We concluded that PCR is not consistently accurate enough to be routinely recommended for the diagnosis of SPT. However, PCR of bronchial specimens could be useful in highly suspicious SPT cases. Studies not reporting blind testing are likely to overestimate accuracy of PCR. Future evaluation of PCR accuracy should be conducted by @entity0 and type of respiratory specimen, blindly, by using a reference standard that combines culture and clinical criteria and addresses the issue of how @entity0 characteristics affect PCR accuracy.

title: Assessment by meta-analysis of PCR for diagnosis of smear-negative XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This report summarizes follow-up studies in 18 @entity0 who underwent bilateral adrenalectomy for @entity6 . Three of these @entity0 were young @entity0 with null/null mutations of @entity9 , and the other 15 were adrenalectomized because of difficulties in their management on conventional therapy. The average duration of follow-up was 59 months and represents an aggregate of 90 postoperative years. The adrenals were removed laparoscopically in 13 @entity0 and by open flank incisions in five. Adrenal crises associated with severe illnesses occurred in five @entity0 at times when their glucocorticoid substitution was suboptimal. All were responsive to appropriate therapy. Two of these @entity0 were young @entity0 who had @entity8 during @entity7 or @entity3 associated with poor @entity5 . Significant elevations of adrenal @entity2 precursors, presumably from ectopic adrenal rests, were observed postoperatively in eight of the @entity0 . @entity0 and parents were nearly unanimous in their enthusiasm for adrenalectomy. In most, signs of @entity4 excess have decreased, and @entity1 has become less of a problem with lowering the dose of glucocorticoid. We conclude that adrenalectomy is a safe and efficacious method of managing @entity6 in selected @entity0 . Prophylactic adrenalectomy in young @entity0 with double null mutations remains experimental.

title: The role of bilateral adrenalectomy in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Eight @entity9 probands with HFE @entity10 homozygosity had frequent, severe, or @entity3 and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) or immunoglobulin (Ig) G subclass deficiency (IgGSD). Thus, we performed serum Ig isotyping and other characterization of 43 additional unselected probands, 5 human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical siblings, and 240 consecutive @entity7 or IgGSD index @entity0 . @entity10 allele frequencies were estimated in 58 @entity7 or IgGSD index @entity0 without @entity9 phenotypes and in 341 controls. @entity5 haplotypes and frequencies were determined in all 51 probands, 186 @entity7 or IgGSD index @entity0 without @entity9 phenotypes, and 751 controls. Thirteen unselected probands (30%) had @entity7 or IgGSD. Among all 21 @entity9 probands with @entity7 (n = 4) or IgGSD (n = 17), Ig subclass deficiency patterns were IgG(1) (n = 5), IgG(1) and @entity6 (n = 6), @entity6 (n = 9), and IgG(1), @entity6 ), and IgG(4) (n = 1). IgG(2) or @entity8 was not detected; one proband had @entity11 . Mean values of total IgG, IgG(1), and @entity6 were significantly lower in probands with @entity7 or IgGSD. Mean values of age, @entity2 saturation, and ferritin at diagnosis and phlebotomy units required to induce @entity1 depletion were similar in probands with or without @entity7 or IgGSD; phlebotomy had no apparent effect on IgG levels. @entity10 frequencies were similar in @entity7 or IgGSD index cases without @entity9 phenotypes and in controls. There was concordance of Ig and @entity9 phenotypes in probands and respective HLA-identical siblings. Eight of 240 @entity7 or IgGSD index @entity0 had @entity9 phenotypes and @entity10 homozygosity (3 vs 0.7% and 0.2% controls; P < 0.0001, respectively). The frequency of A*03-B*07 was greater in @entity7 and IgGSD index cases without @entity9 phenotypes than in controls (0.0968 vs 0.0546, respectively; P = 0.0032). @entity4 *03-B*07 was the predominant haplotype in probands grouped by presence or absence of @entity7 or IgGSD. Some probands in each group were A*03-B*07 homozygotes; group A*03-B*07 frequencies were similar. We conclude that serum IgG abnormalities characteristic of @entity7 or IgGSD are common in @entity9 probands, and that the prevalence of @entity9 is increased in @entity7 and IgGSD index cases. These observations could be explained by the increased frequencies of @entity4 *03-B*07 in @entity10 homozygotes and in @entity7 and IgGSD, and by the common occurrence of putative @entity7 or IgGSD allele(s) on haplotypes bearing @entity10 .

title: Common variable immunodeficiency and IgG subclass deficiency in central XXXX probands homozygous for HFE @entity10 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: Eight @entity9 probands with HFE @entity10 homozygosity had frequent, severe, or @entity3 and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) or immunoglobulin (Ig) G subclass deficiency (IgGSD). Thus, we performed serum Ig isotyping and other characterization of 43 additional unselected probands, 5 human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical siblings, and 240 consecutive @entity7 or IgGSD index @entity0 . @entity10 allele frequencies were estimated in 58 @entity7 or IgGSD index @entity0 without @entity9 phenotypes and in 341 controls. @entity5 haplotypes and frequencies were determined in all 51 probands, 186 @entity7 or IgGSD index @entity0 without @entity9 phenotypes, and 751 controls. Thirteen unselected probands (30%) had @entity7 or IgGSD. Among all 21 @entity9 probands with @entity7 (n = 4) or IgGSD (n = 17), Ig subclass deficiency patterns were IgG(1) (n = 5), IgG(1) and @entity6 (n = 6), @entity6 (n = 9), and IgG(1), @entity6 ), and IgG(4) (n = 1). IgG(2) or @entity8 was not detected; one proband had @entity11 . Mean values of total IgG, IgG(1), and @entity6 were significantly lower in probands with @entity7 or IgGSD. Mean values of age, @entity2 saturation, and ferritin at diagnosis and phlebotomy units required to induce @entity1 depletion were similar in probands with or without @entity7 or IgGSD; phlebotomy had no apparent effect on IgG levels. @entity10 frequencies were similar in @entity7 or IgGSD index cases without @entity9 phenotypes and in controls. There was concordance of Ig and @entity9 phenotypes in probands and respective HLA-identical siblings. Eight of 240 @entity7 or IgGSD index @entity0 had @entity9 phenotypes and @entity10 homozygosity (3 vs 0.7% and 0.2% controls; P < 0.0001, respectively). The frequency of A*03-B*07 was greater in @entity7 and IgGSD index cases without @entity9 phenotypes than in controls (0.0968 vs 0.0546, respectively; P = 0.0032). @entity4 *03-B*07 was the predominant haplotype in probands grouped by presence or absence of @entity7 or IgGSD. Some probands in each group were A*03-B*07 homozygotes; group A*03-B*07 frequencies were similar. We conclude that serum IgG abnormalities characteristic of @entity7 or IgGSD are common in @entity9 probands, and that the prevalence of @entity9 is increased in @entity7 and IgGSD index cases. These observations could be explained by the increased frequencies of @entity4 *03-B*07 in @entity10 homozygotes and in @entity7 and IgGSD, and by the common occurrence of putative @entity7 or IgGSD allele(s) on haplotypes bearing @entity10 .

title: Common variable immunodeficiency and IgG subclass deficiency in central @entity9 probands homozygous for HFE XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Integrated chemotherapy of neglected @entity1 (NTD) through mass drug administration given as a single dose would increase treatment coverage and cost-effectiveness. This study reports on the safety of a combination of @entity8 , @entity7 and @entity5 in the treatment of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), @entity6 and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) in infected @entity0 . In this randomised, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial conducted in 235 primary school @entity0 aged 5-18 years in Yumbe District in Northern Uganda, the triple combination therapy was compared with the current NTD programme regimen. Liver function testing was performed for all @entity0 who received combined therapy. The study included 48 @entity0 with @entity9 alone, 60 @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity4 ), 41 @entity0 with STH, 49 @entity0 with @entity6 + @entity9 and 37 @entity0 with all three types of @entity3 . @entity0 were closely monitored by a paediatrician for any adverse reactions for 7 days. No serious adverse events were experienced. However, 4 of 18 @entity0 in the test group and 2 of 3 @entity0 in the control group who did not report any ill conditions before treatment developed @entity2 . The combined and conventional therapies were found to be equally safe. The efficacies of both therapies were comparable and satisfactory. [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01050517].

title: A randomised controlled clinical trial on the safety of co-administration of XXXX , @entity7 and @entity5 in infected schoolchildren in Uganda.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Integrated chemotherapy of neglected @entity1 (NTD) through mass drug administration given as a single dose would increase treatment coverage and cost-effectiveness. This study reports on the safety of a combination of @entity8 , @entity7 and @entity5 in the treatment of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), @entity6 and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) in infected @entity0 . In this randomised, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial conducted in 235 primary school @entity0 aged 5-18 years in Yumbe District in Northern Uganda, the triple combination therapy was compared with the current NTD programme regimen. Liver function testing was performed for all @entity0 who received combined therapy. The study included 48 @entity0 with @entity9 alone, 60 @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity4 ), 41 @entity0 with STH, 49 @entity0 with @entity6 + @entity9 and 37 @entity0 with all three types of @entity3 . @entity0 were closely monitored by a paediatrician for any adverse reactions for 7 days. No serious adverse events were experienced. However, 4 of 18 @entity0 in the test group and 2 of 3 @entity0 in the control group who did not report any ill conditions before treatment developed @entity2 . The combined and conventional therapies were found to be equally safe. The efficacies of both therapies were comparable and satisfactory. [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01050517].

title: A randomised controlled clinical trial on the safety of co-administration of @entity8 , @entity7 and XXXX in infected schoolchildren in Uganda.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Integrated chemotherapy of neglected @entity1 (NTD) through mass drug administration given as a single dose would increase treatment coverage and cost-effectiveness. This study reports on the safety of a combination of @entity8 , @entity7 and @entity5 in the treatment of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), @entity6 and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) in infected @entity0 . In this randomised, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial conducted in 235 primary school @entity0 aged 5-18 years in Yumbe District in Northern Uganda, the triple combination therapy was compared with the current NTD programme regimen. Liver function testing was performed for all @entity0 who received combined therapy. The study included 48 @entity0 with @entity9 alone, 60 @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity4 ), 41 @entity0 with STH, 49 @entity0 with @entity6 + @entity9 and 37 @entity0 with all three types of @entity3 . @entity0 were closely monitored by a paediatrician for any adverse reactions for 7 days. No serious adverse events were experienced. However, 4 of 18 @entity0 in the test group and 2 of 3 @entity0 in the control group who did not report any ill conditions before treatment developed @entity2 . The combined and conventional therapies were found to be equally safe. The efficacies of both therapies were comparable and satisfactory. [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01050517].

title: A randomised controlled clinical trial on the safety of co-administration of @entity8 , XXXX and @entity5 in infected schoolchildren in Uganda.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The development of @entity1 is not solely a consequence of loss of proliferation constraints but also involves loss of cellular differentiation, defined histopathologically as grade. Although @entity1 grade is an independent prognostic marker for @entity2 ( @entity2 ), the molecular events underpinning the loss of urothelial differentiation are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of gene alterations implicated in @entity2 development on the ability of @entity0 urothelial cells to undergo molecular differentiation and form a functional urothelial barrier. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Laboratory study. INTERVENTION: Normal @entity0 urothelial (NHU) cell cultures were transduced with recombinant retroviruses to produce stable sublines overexpressing wild-type or oncogenic mutated @entity5 or @entity0 telomerase reverse transcriptase ( @entity4 ). Previously generated NHU sublines carrying dominant-negative CDK4 and p53 mutant genes or immortalised with the @entity3 E6 oncoprotein were included. MEASUREMENTS: The activity of introduced transgenes was demonstrated by comparing phenotypes of transgene-expressing and isogenic control NHU cells. Modified and control sublines were compared for changes in generational potential (life span) and capacity to respond to differentiation-inducing signals by transcript expression of uroplakins 2 and 3. The ability to form a barrier epithelium was assessed by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: By contrast to @entity1 suppressor loss of function or oncogene overactivation, @entity4 overexpression alone led to life span extension and immortalisation. The @entity4 immortalised cells carried no gross genomic alterations but became progressively insensitive to differentiation signals and lost the ability to form an epithelial barrier. Further characterisation of @entity4 cells revealed a downregulation of p16 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor expression and loss of responsiveness to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y, providing mechanistic explanations for the subjugation of senescence constraints and the abrogation of differentiation capability, respectively. Although immortalised urothelial cell lines without karyotypic aberrations may be generated, such cell lines are compromised in terms of differentiation and functional capacity. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of @entity4 promotes development of an immortalised differentiation-insensitive urothelial cell phenotype. Although such cells offer a useful insight into the grade/stage paradigm of @entity2 , they have limited value for investigating normal urothelial cell/tissue biology and physiology.

title: Immortalisation of normal XXXX urothelial cells compromises differentiation capacity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) represents commonly occurring, atypical keratinocytic proliferations confined to the epidermis. While it is the standard of care to destroy @entity2 , few advances have been made to the traditional approaches of physical ablation (e.g. cryosurgery, curettage) and chemotherapeutics (e.g. topical @entity1 ). The recent advances in photodynamic therapy ( @entity3 ) with 20% @entity4 (ALA) offer a novel, safe, and effective approach to @entity2 therapy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 20% ALA solution and blue light for the treatment of multiple facial @entity2 . @entity0 /METHODS: A total of 32 @entity0 were offered either partial treatment (i.e. individual target lesions treated) or confluent treatment (i.e. entire region treated). At 15-20 hours after ALA solution application, treated areas were exposed to visible blue light for 16 minutes and 40 seconds. RESULTS: ALA/ @entity3 treatment resulted in a rapid resolution of multiple @entity2 lesions with a limited period of associated photosensitivity. Side effects experienced by individual @entity0 were found to be influenced by a number of factors: use of analgesic and topical anesthetic agents, body region treated, partial versus confluent treatment, and light exposure time. CONCLUSION: Twenty per cent ALA/ @entity3 offers a safe, effective, and cost-efficient means of managing multiple @entity2 lesions per treatment session with a low recurrence rate. In addition to a favorable tolerability profile, most @entity0 also achieved an improvement in skin texture.

title: ALA/ XXXX in the treatment of actinic keratosis: spot versus confluent therapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: There is little understanding of the factors controlling the mobilization of blast cells from bone marrow to peripheral blood and tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the soluble hepatocyte growth factor (sHGF) and @entity1 (sVEGF) levels in newly diagnosed @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and to correlate these levels with the clinico-pathological features. Sixty-three @entity0 with @entity2 and 15 normal controls were included in this study. The levels of sHGF and sVEGF were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay at diagnosis and after remission induction chemotherapy. Our results revealed significantly increased plasma levels of sHGF and sVEGF at diagnosis when compared to both control and remission levels (P=0.000 for both). The sHGF and sVEGF levels differed between @entity2 FAB subtypes (P=0.000). The highest concentrations were found in M5 followed by M4. SHGF and sVEGF were directly correlated with peripheral white cell counts (WBC) (r=0.836, P=0.000, r=0.718; P=0.000, respectively), but inversely correlated with blast cell distribution ratio (BCDR) (r=-0.785, P=0.000, r=-0.664, P=0.000, respectively). Moreover, both sHGF and sVEGF levels were significantly elevated in @entity2 @entity0 with extra-medullary infiltration as compared to those without (P=0.000, 0.006, respectively). The sHGF but not sVEGF levels were significantly elevated in @entity0 who died compared to those who relapsed and to @entity0 in complete remission (P=0.02, 0.08, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the sHGF level at diagnoses is a powerful predictor of the @entity0 outcome, compared to sVEGF. IN CONCLUSION: our data support the hypothesis that angiogenic factors play a functional role in blast cell movement from the bone marrow to peripheral tissues. Assessment of sHGF at @entity2 diagnosis is likely to be helpful in predicting @entity0 outcome and selecting optimal therapeutic regimen.

title: Soluble XXXX (sVEGF) in adult @entity2 : relationship to disease characteristics.

answer: @entity1


abstract: There is little understanding of the factors controlling the mobilization of blast cells from bone marrow to peripheral blood and tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the soluble hepatocyte growth factor (sHGF) and @entity1 (sVEGF) levels in newly diagnosed @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and to correlate these levels with the clinico-pathological features. Sixty-three @entity0 with @entity2 and 15 normal controls were included in this study. The levels of sHGF and sVEGF were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay at diagnosis and after remission induction chemotherapy. Our results revealed significantly increased plasma levels of sHGF and sVEGF at diagnosis when compared to both control and remission levels (P=0.000 for both). The sHGF and sVEGF levels differed between @entity2 FAB subtypes (P=0.000). The highest concentrations were found in M5 followed by M4. SHGF and sVEGF were directly correlated with peripheral white cell counts (WBC) (r=0.836, P=0.000, r=0.718; P=0.000, respectively), but inversely correlated with blast cell distribution ratio (BCDR) (r=-0.785, P=0.000, r=-0.664, P=0.000, respectively). Moreover, both sHGF and sVEGF levels were significantly elevated in @entity2 @entity0 with extra-medullary infiltration as compared to those without (P=0.000, 0.006, respectively). The sHGF but not sVEGF levels were significantly elevated in @entity0 who died compared to those who relapsed and to @entity0 in complete remission (P=0.02, 0.08, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the sHGF level at diagnoses is a powerful predictor of the @entity0 outcome, compared to sVEGF. IN CONCLUSION: our data support the hypothesis that angiogenic factors play a functional role in blast cell movement from the bone marrow to peripheral tissues. Assessment of sHGF at @entity2 diagnosis is likely to be helpful in predicting @entity0 outcome and selecting optimal therapeutic regimen.

title: Soluble @entity1 (sVEGF) in adult XXXX : relationship to disease characteristics.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent to which participation in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme and @entity0 characteristics predict improvement in community integration following mild-to-moderate @entity1 ( @entity1 ). RESEARCH DESIGN: A non-randomized case-control study was conducted employing a pre-test-post-test multiple regression design. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Archival data for 42 @entity0 with mild-to-moderate @entity1 who completed the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) at intake and again 6-18 months later were analysed. Half the sample participated in an intensive outpatient rehabilitation programme that provided multi-modal interventions, while the other half received no rehabilitation. The two groups were matched on age, education and time since injury. RESULTS: On the CIQ Home Integration scale, participation in rehabilitation and female gender predicted better outcome. On the Productivity scale, @entity0 with a lower age at injury had better outcome. Outcome on both of these scales, as well as on the Social Integration scale, was predicted by the baseline pre-test score (initial severity). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, multidisciplinary rehabilitation appeared to increase personal independence. It is also concluded that: (1) multivariate analysis can reveal the relative importance of multiple predictors of outcome; (2) different predictors may predict different aspects of outcome; and (3) more sensitive and specific outcome measures are needed.

title: Community integration following multidisciplinary rehabilitation for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of laminectomy in the surgical treatment of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is established even though postoperative cervical sagittal balance changes and a risk for long-term instability have been described. The aim of the present study is to investigate its clinical efficacy and the radiological outcome in the long-term. METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases of @entity0 with @entity4 , who underwent cervical laminectomy between 1995 and 2010 at the Hospital S  o Jo  o (n = 106). Clinical files were consulted, and the @entity0 reassessed in order to collect information on complaints, previous @entity1 , surgery and its complications. Subjective and objective clinical evaluation (by three @entity2 scores) and imaging studies were undertaken in order to assess the long-term cervical sagittal curvature and presence of instability. RESULTS: After applying exclusion criteria, 57 @entity0 were able to complete the follow-up. A favorable statistically significant difference was obtained when comparing clinical scores. Ninety-one percent of @entity0 were satisfied with the outcome of the surgery. Only 1 @entity0 developed @entity3 according to Ishihara index and none according to the method of Matsumoto. Four @entity0 developed subclinical cervical instability. No clinical-imaging correlation was found. CONCLUSIONS: If @entity0 are properly selected cervical laminectomy without additional instrumentation is effective in offering a clinical improvement to @entity0 with @entity4 with a low incidence of clinically significant radiological deterioration.

title: Long-term clinical and radiological follow-up after laminectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Non-O1, non-O139 @entity6 (NOVC) are increasingly frequently observed ubiquitous microorganisms occasionally responsible for @entity8 . Most cases involve self-limiting @entity7 or ear and wound @entity3 in immunocompetent @entity0 . @entity5 , which have been described in @entity0 with predisposing factors, are rare and poorly known, both on the clinical and therapeutic aspects. We describe a case of NOVC @entity5 and a systematic literature review in PubMed conducted up to November 2014 using a combination of the following search terms: " @entity6 @entity11 ". The case was a 70  year-old healthy male subject returning from Senegal and suffering from NOVC @entity5 associated with @entity12 . Disease evolution was favourable after 2  months' therapy ( @entity10 then @entity9 ). Three hundred and fifty cases of NOVC @entity5 have been identified in the literature. The majority of @entity0 were male (77  %), with a median age of 56  years and presenting with predisposing conditions (96  %), such as @entity2 (55  %) or @entity1 (20  %). @entity4 was inconstant (42  %). Mortality was 33  %. The source of @entity3 , identified in only 25  % of cases, was seafood consumption (54  %) or contaminated water (30  %). Practitioners should be aware of these @entity3 , in order to warn @entity0 with predisposing conditions, on the risk of ingesting raw or undercooked seafood or bathing in potentially infected waters.

title: Non-O1, non-O139 XXXX @entity5 : case report and literature review.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Non-O1, non-O139 @entity6 (NOVC) are increasingly frequently observed ubiquitous microorganisms occasionally responsible for @entity8 . Most cases involve self-limiting @entity7 or ear and wound @entity3 in immunocompetent @entity0 . @entity5 , which have been described in @entity0 with predisposing factors, are rare and poorly known, both on the clinical and therapeutic aspects. We describe a case of NOVC @entity5 and a systematic literature review in PubMed conducted up to November 2014 using a combination of the following search terms: " @entity6 @entity11 ". The case was a 70  year-old healthy male subject returning from Senegal and suffering from NOVC @entity5 associated with @entity12 . Disease evolution was favourable after 2  months' therapy ( @entity10 then @entity9 ). Three hundred and fifty cases of NOVC @entity5 have been identified in the literature. The majority of @entity0 were male (77  %), with a median age of 56  years and presenting with predisposing conditions (96  %), such as @entity2 (55  %) or @entity1 (20  %). @entity4 was inconstant (42  %). Mortality was 33  %. The source of @entity3 , identified in only 25  % of cases, was seafood consumption (54  %) or contaminated water (30  %). Practitioners should be aware of these @entity3 , in order to warn @entity0 with predisposing conditions, on the risk of ingesting raw or undercooked seafood or bathing in potentially infected waters.

title: Non-O1, non-O139 @entity6 XXXX : case report and literature review.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examined the incidence of, and variables associated with, relocation @entity1 among 85 @entity0 who moved from long-stay @entity2 wards to community care units as part of a hospital closure in Melbourne, Australia. METHODS: Some @entity0 moved directly from wards and some moved first to transitional units on the hospital grounds. Preparation for the transition, such as visits to the community care unit before the move, was documented, and severity of symptoms, @entity2 , and preferences for living environments one month before and one month after the move were compared. Relocation @entity1 was measured one month after the move. After significant factors associated with @entity1 were determined, additional tests further discriminated these factors. RESULTS: Although 66 percent of @entity0 were happy with community care units one month after the move, 18 percent preferred hospital living. Of 81 @entity0 who had data on relocation @entity1 , 20, or 25 percent, met relocation @entity1 criteria. Preparation in a transitional unit reduced the likelihood of @entity1 , as did making six or more premove visits to the new facility and having a preparation period of more than 16 weeks. When preparation in a transitional unit, number of premove visits, and duration of preparation were considered together, only the number of premove visits and duration of preparation remained significantly associated with relocation @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Adverse effects of relocation on long-stay @entity2 @entity0 may be minimized by the preparation of @entity0 over a period of four months or more, with inclusion of six or more visits to the new facility. Moving via a transitional environment is not essential.

title: Minimizing adverse effects on XXXX of involuntary relocation from long-stay wards to community residences.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To report photographically the evolution of an @entity4 of the left @entity2 head over a 2-year follow-up in a @entity0 with @entity6 . METHODS: A 14-year-old @entity0 was seen in the medical retina clinic with a 3-year history of @entity7 . Best corrected visual acuity was 6/18 in both eyes. Colour vision was normal in both eyes and confrontation fields showed peripheral constriction. Fundus examination revealed bone spicule pigmentary changes at the retinal mid periphery typical of @entity6 and superficial globules at the margins of both @entity2 heads. Electrodiagnostic tests confirmed moderately severe @entity6 with macular involvement bilaterally. RESULTS: Two years later, the ocular examination was unchanged except for the appearance of the @entity2 @entity1 in the left eye. There was an increase in the size of the lesion which was diagnosed as an @entity4 . Further investigations were recommended to exclude @entity5 and @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Astrocytic hamartomas of the @entity2 head and @entity2 head drusen have both been described in @entity0 with @entity6 . They can be a diagnostic dilemma although drusen are more common (10%). To differentiate these two entities it is very important to document any growth during the follow-up period which is suggestive of @entity4 rather than optic disc drusen.

title: Evolution of an Astrocytic Hamartoma of the Optic Nerve Head in a @entity0 with XXXX - Photographic Documentation over 2 Years of Follow-Up.

answer: @entity6