abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examined the influence of @entity8 on the accuracy of exercise electrocardiography and echocardiography for detection of @entity4 . BACKGROUND: Electrocardiographic repolarization abnormalities caused by @entity8 compromise the diagnostic accuracy of exercise electrocardiography but not of exercise echocardiography. The relative merits of these investigations are less well defined in @entity0 with @entity7 but without electrocardiographic (ECG) changes. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 147 consecutive @entity0 without prior @entity6 undergoing both exercise echocardiography and coronary arteriography. Coronary stenoses > 50% diameter were present in 62 @entity0 (42%). Positive test results were defined by a new or worsening wall motion abnormality or > 0.1 mV of ST @entity3 . @entity8 (mass > 131 g/m2 in @entity0 , > 100 g/m2 in @entity0 ) was identified in 68 @entity0 . A subgroup with clinically suspected @entity7 was defined according to the presence of ECG evidence of @entity7 , @entity1 or @entity5 . RESULTS: The overall sensitivity of exercise echocardiography exceeded that of exercise electrocardiography (71% vs. 54%, p = 0.06). @entity7 had no significant effect on the sensitivity of either test. The specificity of exercise echocardiography exceeded that of exercise electrocardiography (91 vs. 74%, p = 0.01). In @entity0 with @entity7 , the specificity of exercise echocardiography exceeded that of exercise electrocardiography (95% vs. 69%, p < 0.01), whereas among @entity0 without @entity7 , the specificities (respectively, 87% and 78%) were more comparable. The accuracy of exercise echocardiography exceeded that of the exercise ECG in the overall group (82% vs. 65%, p = 0.002) and in @entity0 with @entity7 (85% vs. 60%, p = 0.004), but this difference was less prominent in @entity0 without @entity7 (80% vs. 69%, p = NS). In @entity0 with clinically suspected @entity7 , exercise echocardiography demonstrated a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than exercise electrocardiography. The cost incurred in the identification of @entity2 was least with a strategy involving use of the exercise echocardiogram instead of routine exercise testing in @entity0 with known or clinically suspected @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: Exercise echocardiography is more accurate than exercise electrocardiography for the detection of @entity4 in @entity0 with known or clinically suspected @entity8 .

title: Influence of @entity8 on detection of XXXX using exercise echocardiography.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine the effects of reperfusion on hemodynamic status and hospital course in @entity0 with right @entity2 . BACKGROUND: In contrast to the relatively low risk associated with acute @entity1 , right @entity2 is associated with higher in-hospital morbidity and mortality. However, the potential benefits of reperfusion in @entity0 with right @entity2 are unknown. Consequently, this study evaluated the potential benefits of primary angioplasty in @entity0 with right @entity2 . METHODS: Of 141 consecutive @entity0 admitted to the hospital for @entity1 , 27 were identified as having right ventricular involvement by electrocardiographic and hemodynamic criteria. Seventeen @entity0 achieved patency of the @entity2 -related right coronary artery by primary coronary angioplasty within 24 h of hospital admission, but 10 @entity0 did not. All @entity0 had invasive hemodynamic monitoring at the time of hospital admission, and subsequent serial hemodynamic status and clinical events were recorded. RESULTS: @entity0 with successful reperfusion demonstrated improved right atrial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and right atrial/pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ratio as early as 8 h after reperfusion, whereas @entity0 without reperfusion had no hemodynamic improvement over 24 h. Right atrial pressure demonstrated the greatest 8-h improvement after successful reperfusion (15.4 +/- 0.8 to 8.4 +/- 0.8 mm Hg [mean +/- SD], p < 0.05) but was unchanged without reperfusion (13.7 +/- 0.9 to 13.9 +/- 0.8 mm Hg, p = NS). Additionally, persistently elevated right atrial pressure was associated with increased mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Reperfusion in the setting of right @entity2 leads to rapid hemodynamic improvement and may result in improved survival.

title: Rapid hemodynamic improvement after reperfusion during right XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We studied the clinical outcome of Q wave and non-Q wave @entity4 after thrombolytic therapy. BACKGROUND: Controversy exists over the clinical significance of Q waves after thrombolysis. METHODS: We studied postthrombolytic angiographic results and short- and long-term clinical outcome in 150 @entity0 with acute @entity1 classified as Q wave and non-Q wave on the 24-h and discharge electrocardiograms (ECGs). The results from the two groups were then compared. RESULTS: Eighty percent of @entity0 had a Q wave and 20% a non-Q wave @entity4 on the 24-h ECG. The latter @entity0 had lower peak @entity3 kinase (CK) levels (p < 0.001), but the two groups did not differ significantly otherwise. In 18 @entity0 with a Q wave @entity4 on the 24-h ECG, pathologic Q waves disappeared. However, in seven @entity0 with a non-Q wave @entity4 on the 24-h ECG, pathologic Q waves appeared throughout the hospital period. Q wave regression was associated with lower peak CK levels (p < 0.001) and an improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (p < 0.01). Thus, only 72% of @entity0 had a Q wave and 28% a non-Q wave @entity4 on the discharge ECG. @entity0 with a non-Q wave @entity4 on the discharge ECG had higher patency of the @entity4 (p < 0.04), lower mean peak CK levels (p < 0.0001), a higher ejection fraction (p = 0.001) and a lower incidence of @entity2 (p = 0.06) than @entity0 with a Q wave @entity4 on the discharge ECG. Although the 2-year incidence of reinfarction and revascularization was higher in @entity0 with a non-Q wave @entity4 on the discharge ECG (p < 0.05), 2-year mortality was lower (p = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS: Although the early postthrombolytic distinction between Q wave and non-Q wave @entity4 conveys no significant information, during the hospital period, non-Q wave @entity4 is associated with a smaller @entity4 area, improved left ventricular function and lower mortality.

title: Q wave and Non-Q wave XXXX after thrombolysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Late diagnosis of @entity1 can impact on survival rates. @entity0 delay seeking help for a number of reasons. This study explored symptom appraisal and help-seeking decisions among @entity0 referred to specialist respiratory services with symptoms suggestive of @entity1 . METHODS: In-depth qualitative interviews with @entity0 as soon as possible after referral, ideally before diagnosis and mainly within 10   weeks, explored factors impacting on their pathways prior to referral. Framework analysis, underpinned by the Model of Pathways to Treatment, was used to explore the data with particular focus on @entity0 ' beliefs and experiences, disease factors and healthcare professional influences. RESULTS: 35 @entity0 were interviewed (aged 41-88   years, 15 @entity0 , 17 with @entity1 ). All described similar presenting symptoms and triggers to seek help. Appraisal of symptoms was influenced by whether they had a lung comorbidity; seriousness of symptoms was interpreted within the context of previous illness experiences. Help-seeking was triggered when: symptoms failed to respond as expected; there was an increased awareness of symptoms of @entity1 ; the public nature of a cough meant others were able to endorse help-seeking. Almost half visited the general practitioner (GP) two or more times before referral; during this period they reinterpreted initial symptoms and appraised new symptoms. The meaning given to symptoms changed over time and many became increasingly concerned they may have @entity1 . The GP played a role in ensuring timely further help-seeking but often there was little guidance on how to monitor symptoms or when to reconsult. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 diagnosed with and without @entity1 had similar symptom pathways. Findings provide guidance for @entity1 awareness campaigns on the importance of social networks in endorsing @entity0 help-seeking. The importance of appropriate advice, monitoring and safety-netting procedures by GPs for @entity0 presenting with symptoms suggestive of @entity1 is also highlighted.

title: Responding to symptoms suggestive of XXXX : a qualitative interview study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The oncologic outcomes after performing @entity4 ( @entity4 ) compared to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are still under debate and a concern when treating @entity0 with @entity3 . The aim of this study was to compare the long-term oncologic outcomes of @entity4 and @entity5 as treatment for @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: From January 2001 to December 2007, 230 @entity0 with @entity2 who had undergone @entity4 or @entity5 in this single center were assessed. Data were analyzed according to intention-to-treat. The primary endpoints were disease-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 230 @entity0 were entered into the study (114 @entity0 had @entity3 -33 underwent @entity4 and 81 underwent @entity5 ; 116 @entity0 had @entity1 -44 underwent @entity4 and 72 underwent @entity5 ). The median follow-up periods for the @entity3 groups were 54 and 53 months, respectively. The overall conversion rate was 12.1% (n = 4) for @entity3 , and 4.5% (n = 2) for @entity1 . Disease-free 5-year survival of @entity3 was 84.3% and 90% in @entity4 group (LG) and @entity5 group (OG), respectively, and that of @entity1 was 83% and 74.6%, respectively (P > 0.05). Overall 5-year survival for @entity3 was 72.2% and 71.3% for LG and OG, respectively, and that for @entity1 was 67.6% and 59.2%, respectively (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The long-term analyses for oncologic aspects of our study may confirm the safety of @entity4 compared to @entity5 in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Comparison of long-term oncologic outcomes of @entity2 following laparoscopic versus XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The oncologic outcomes after performing @entity4 ( @entity4 ) compared to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are still under debate and a concern when treating @entity0 with @entity3 . The aim of this study was to compare the long-term oncologic outcomes of @entity4 and @entity5 as treatment for @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: From January 2001 to December 2007, 230 @entity0 with @entity2 who had undergone @entity4 or @entity5 in this single center were assessed. Data were analyzed according to intention-to-treat. The primary endpoints were disease-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 230 @entity0 were entered into the study (114 @entity0 had @entity3 -33 underwent @entity4 and 81 underwent @entity5 ; 116 @entity0 had @entity1 -44 underwent @entity4 and 72 underwent @entity5 ). The median follow-up periods for the @entity3 groups were 54 and 53 months, respectively. The overall conversion rate was 12.1% (n = 4) for @entity3 , and 4.5% (n = 2) for @entity1 . Disease-free 5-year survival of @entity3 was 84.3% and 90% in @entity4 group (LG) and @entity5 group (OG), respectively, and that of @entity1 was 83% and 74.6%, respectively (P > 0.05). Overall 5-year survival for @entity3 was 72.2% and 71.3% for LG and OG, respectively, and that for @entity1 was 67.6% and 59.2%, respectively (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The long-term analyses for oncologic aspects of our study may confirm the safety of @entity4 compared to @entity5 in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Comparison of long-term oncologic outcomes of XXXX following laparoscopic versus @entity5 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: Kinesio taping   (KT) is a taping technique extensively used in rehabilitation of sports injuries; however, the effect of KT on delayed onset @entity3 is not entirely clear. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of kinesio tape on the @entity1 on @entity3 , flexibility, and sprint performance after squat exercise. DESIGN: Crossover study SETTING: University research laboratory @entity0 : Nineteen female university students (age: 21.0    1.2 years, weight: 53.0    4.6 kg, height: 164    4 cm) participated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pressure-pain threshold for @entity1 was recorded using pressure algometry. @entity1 flexibility was measured as the range of motion of knee flexion with a stainless steel goniometer. Sprint speed measurements were conducted using photocells placed at 0 and 20 m. All @entity0 completed both conditions (KT application and no KT application) following a 1 week wash out period. Measurements were taken at baseline and 48 hours post exercise. For the KT condition, KT was applied immediately before the exercise protocol and remained on the skin for 48 hours. RESULTS: Squat exercise reduced flexibility and @entity2 and sprint time compared to baseline. KT application resulted in similar sprint time and @entity3 as the no KT condition, but maintained flexibility compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that KT application immediately before squat exercise has no effect on @entity3 and short sprint performance but maintains @entity1 at two days of recovery.

title: The Effect of Kinesio Taping   on Muscle Pain, Sprint Performance, and Flexibility in Recovery From Squat Exercise in Young Adult XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) can be aggravated by @entity2 . We aimed to investigate whether any specific @entity0 rhinovirus (HRV) serotype is more common in the mucosa of @entity1 @entity0 , and to find any defining clinical characteristics, according to the various HRV serotypes. METHODS: A prospective case-control study was conducted to determine HRV serotypes in 111 @entity1 @entity0 and 51 non- @entity1 controls. No @entity0 had a history of upper @entity2 over a 4-week period. Nasal lavage fluids and turbinate epithelial cells were collected prospectively. When HRV was detected with multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), strains were further characterized by sequencing the VP4/VP2 region of the HRV genome. RESULTS: HRV was detected in 40 @entity1 subjects (36%) and 11 non- @entity1 controls (21%). The overall detection rates of HRV in @entity1 @entity0 were higher than in non- @entity1 controls (p < 0.05). Of the 8 serotypes detected in @entity1 @entity0 , 5 belonged to HRV-A and 3 belonged to HRV-B; HRV-C was not detected. In non- @entity1 controls, only HRV-A was identified, with only 2 serotypes detected (HRV-A13 and HRV-A16). HRV-B and C were not detected. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of HRV in @entity1 @entity0 was confirmed in our study. However, we were unable to determine whether certain HRV serotypes are more predominant in @entity1 @entity0 than non- @entity1 controls. HRV-A13 was the most common serotype in both @entity1 @entity0 and non- @entity1 controls. We could not find any differences in the clinical characteristics according to the HRV serotypes in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: XXXX rhinovirus serotypes in the nasal washes and mucosa of @entity0 with chronic rhinosinusitis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) can be aggravated by @entity2 . We aimed to investigate whether any specific @entity0 rhinovirus (HRV) serotype is more common in the mucosa of @entity1 @entity0 , and to find any defining clinical characteristics, according to the various HRV serotypes. METHODS: A prospective case-control study was conducted to determine HRV serotypes in 111 @entity1 @entity0 and 51 non- @entity1 controls. No @entity0 had a history of upper @entity2 over a 4-week period. Nasal lavage fluids and turbinate epithelial cells were collected prospectively. When HRV was detected with multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), strains were further characterized by sequencing the VP4/VP2 region of the HRV genome. RESULTS: HRV was detected in 40 @entity1 subjects (36%) and 11 non- @entity1 controls (21%). The overall detection rates of HRV in @entity1 @entity0 were higher than in non- @entity1 controls (p < 0.05). Of the 8 serotypes detected in @entity1 @entity0 , 5 belonged to HRV-A and 3 belonged to HRV-B; HRV-C was not detected. In non- @entity1 controls, only HRV-A was identified, with only 2 serotypes detected (HRV-A13 and HRV-A16). HRV-B and C were not detected. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of HRV in @entity1 @entity0 was confirmed in our study. However, we were unable to determine whether certain HRV serotypes are more predominant in @entity1 @entity0 than non- @entity1 controls. HRV-A13 was the most common serotype in both @entity1 @entity0 and non- @entity1 controls. We could not find any differences in the clinical characteristics according to the HRV serotypes in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: @entity0 rhinovirus serotypes in the nasal washes and mucosa of XXXX with chronic rhinosinusitis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a well-established technique for the preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules because it is minimally invasive, cost-effective, quick, efficient, and safe. Various articles have discussed differences in the cytomorphology of different types of @entity2 . However, review articles on the cytologic diagnosis of poorly differentiated @entity2 (PDTC) are scarce as PDTC are rare @entity0 . Although the histologic diagnostic criteria are well standardized, the cytologic diagnostic criteria are not yet standardized. This prompted us to study the cytomorphological features of PDTC and assess features of distinction from differentiated @entity2 (DTC) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: This was a retrospective study of thyroid FNAC smears from 44 PDTC cases retrieved from the database of a single tertiary @entity0 institute (2009-2013). Papanicolaou and Giemsa smears were evaluated for 21 cytomorphologic features. Immunocytochemistry was available for 6 cases only. RESULTS: The frequencies of cytomorphologic features in the 44 cases were as follows: hypercellularity, 84.1%; insular pattern, 79.5%; small cell size, 93.2%; high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, 93.2%; granular chromatin pattern, 95.45%; nuclear overlapping, 88.64%; mild pleomorphism, 86.36%; grooves/inclusions, 22.7%; binucleation/multinucleation, 9.1%; abrupt nucleomegaly, 34.1%; apoptosis, 45%; mitosis, 25%; @entity1 , 34.1%; and colloid, 22.7%. CONCLUSION: A high index of suspicion is necessary for an upfront diagnosis of PDTC on FNAC. Although @entity3 , DTC, and @entity2 have overlapping features, there are distinguishing features also. The cytologic diagnostic criteria for PDTC need to be standardized by collaborative efforts among tertiary @entity0 centers. A prompt diagnosis is the key feature for planning multimodality treatment. @entity0 ( @entity0 Cytopathol) 2014.    2014 American @entity0 Society.

title: Cytologic diagnostic approach to poorly differentiated XXXX : A single-institution study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: Although palpation is a central skill in the practice of osteopathic medicine, few data are available on factors affecting the development of @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To use a novel @entity1 assay to assess the role of training and practice in the development of @entity1 in an osteopathic medical student population. METHODS: The @entity1 of first-year osteopathic medical students were assessed using a simple, objective palpation assay that consisted of locating a dime placed under sheets of copy paper at depths of 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, and 400 sheets. Two trials were performed at each depth. The assay was performed at the beginning and at the end of the students' first term. To determine whether practice with the assay impacted @entity0 performance, a third assay was conducted to compare the performance of students who completed the assays at the beginning and at the end of the term with that of students who had never completed the assay. RESULTS: Sixty-three @entity0 completed the assays at the beginning and end of the term. Fifty-seven of those 63 @entity0 and 192 @entity0 who had not previously completed the assay completed the third assay. A wide variability in number of correct responses per @entity0 was observed at both the beginning (range, 0-11 correct) and the end (range, 2-12 correct) of the term. The mean (SD) number of correct responses per @entity0 increased from the beginning (5.49 [2.78]) to the end (7.17 [2.27]) of the term. Analysis using the generalized estimating equation model demonstrated that both paper depth and experience (ie, beginning vs end of the term) were statistically significant determinants of the number of correct responses (P<.001). The Kaplan-Meier method indicated that the median paper depth at which @entity0 first scored no correct responses increased from 200 sheets (95% CI, 171-229) at the beginning of the term to 300 sheets (95% CI, 232-367) at the end of the term (P<.001). In the third assay, no significant differences were noted in the performance of students who had completed the 2 previous assays vs @entity0 who had not completed the previous assays (P=.136). CONCLUSION: @entity0 ' @entity1 improved from the beginning to the end of the term. The range of @entity0 ' @entity1 at the beginning of the term suggests that other factors in addition to training influenced @entity0 ' palpatory skill level. Additional research is needed to identify and investigate factors that influence the development of @entity1 .

title: Use of a novel assay to measure pre- to posttraining XXXX of first-year osteopathic medical students.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 remains the largest single cause of @entity2 and morbidity. Infection and/or @entity1 are strongly associated with @entity12 . Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) is known to be a crucial mediator of @entity1 homeostasis. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of spontaneous @entity0 labour in foetal membranes and myometrium on @entity15 /b expression, and the effect of inhibition of @entity15 /b on pro-labour mediators in foetal membranes and myometrium stimulated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Term and @entity12 in foetal membranes was associated with significantly decreased @entity4 phosphorylated @entity15 and b expression, and thus increased GSK3 activity. There was no effect of term labour on @entity4 phosphorylated @entity13 expression in myometrium. The specific @entity15 /b inhibitor @entity17 significantly decreased lipopolysaccharide (ligand to @entity10 )-stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression and release; @entity8 gene expression and prostaglandin release; and @entity7 gene expression and pro @entity7 release in foetal membranes and/or myometrium. @entity17 also decreased @entity16 ( @entity9 ligand) and flagellin ( @entity14 ligand)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression and release and @entity8 mRNA expression and prostaglandin release. @entity13 siRNA knockdown in primary myometrial cells was associated with a significant decrease in @entity6 and @entity3 -induced pro-inflammatory cytokine and @entity11 release. In conclusion, @entity15 /b activity is increased in foetal membranes after term and @entity12 . Pharmacological blockade of the kinase GSK3 markedly reduced pro-inflammatory and pro-labour mediators in @entity0 foetal membranes and myometrium, providing a possible therapeutics for the management of @entity12 .

title: A novel role for GSK3 in the regulation of the processes of XXXX labour.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Salvage-line @entity8 monotherapy exhibited a marked survival benefit for metastatic @entity1 (mCRC). However, the @entity3 of this regimen has resulted in the clinical use of a reduced dose of @entity8 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Thirty-two Japanese mCRC @entity0 (median age=61 years) who had been treated with @entity8 were retrospectively examined. RESULTS: Best objective response rate was 0% and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was 31%. Median progression-free survival was 81 days and median overall survival was 233 days. Adverse events of any grade were observed in all @entity0 : 17 (53%) @entity0 suffered grade 3 or 4 adverse events including fatigue (13%), @entity5 (13%), hand-foot skin reaction (22%) and elevations of @entity7 aminotransferase/ @entity6 aminotransferase (19%/16%). One @entity0 with grade 5 @entity4 was identified (3%). Twenty-nine (91%) @entity0 required treatment dose reduction or a delay in treatment. The relative dose intensity was 59%. @entity8 treatments were terminated because of disease progression (59%) or adverse events (34%). CONCLUSION: Despite a decrease in the intensity of @entity8 treatment, because of severe adverse events, a fairly favorable efficacy was achieved in Japanese @entity0 .

title: Reduced Dose of Salvage-line XXXX Monotherapy for Metastatic @entity1 in Japan.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Salvage-line @entity8 monotherapy exhibited a marked survival benefit for metastatic @entity1 (mCRC). However, the @entity3 of this regimen has resulted in the clinical use of a reduced dose of @entity8 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Thirty-two Japanese mCRC @entity0 (median age=61 years) who had been treated with @entity8 were retrospectively examined. RESULTS: Best objective response rate was 0% and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was 31%. Median progression-free survival was 81 days and median overall survival was 233 days. Adverse events of any grade were observed in all @entity0 : 17 (53%) @entity0 suffered grade 3 or 4 adverse events including fatigue (13%), @entity5 (13%), hand-foot skin reaction (22%) and elevations of @entity7 aminotransferase/ @entity6 aminotransferase (19%/16%). One @entity0 with grade 5 @entity4 was identified (3%). Twenty-nine (91%) @entity0 required treatment dose reduction or a delay in treatment. The relative dose intensity was 59%. @entity8 treatments were terminated because of disease progression (59%) or adverse events (34%). CONCLUSION: Despite a decrease in the intensity of @entity8 treatment, because of severe adverse events, a fairly favorable efficacy was achieved in Japanese @entity0 .

title: Reduced Dose of Salvage-line @entity8 Monotherapy for Metastatic XXXX in Japan.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: The role of oncogenic or high-risk @entity5 ) in cervical @entity2 is inevitable, yet not fully understood. Detailed analysis of microRNA (miRNA) alterations occurring during high-risk HPV transformation will increase our current understanding over cervical @entity2 . The two main aims of the study were: (i) finding association between @entity6 characteristics and socio-demographic variables, (ii) finding an predictors of clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression levels of different microRNAs ( @entity13 , @entity10 , @entity11 , @entity12 , miR-196a, @entity14 ) were determined in formalin-fixed @entity4 -embedded (FFPE) @entity0 @entity9 and tumorous tissue samples using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Sociodemographic and life-style factors were also analyzed. RESULTS: The expression of @entity10 was significantly higher in @entity8 (CIN)2-3 compared to CIN1 (p=0.023) and in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) compared to CIN2-3 (p=0.033). Moreover, significantly lower levels of @entity11 were detected in CIN2-3 than in CIN1 (p=0.041) and in @entity3 than in CIN2-3 (p=0.021). Furthermore, we found significant differences in subjects with multiple HPV in @entity10 (p=0.015) and @entity14 (p=0.025) in CIN2-3 compared to CIN1 and @entity13 (p=0.002), @entity10 (p=0.001) and @entity11 (p=0.001) in @entity3 /CIN2-3. Expression of @entity10 , showing up-regulation in CIN2-3 compared to CIN1 (p=0.028) and @entity11 (down-regulated), correlated with @entity7 positivity (CIN2-3/CIN1: p=0.027 and @entity3 /CIN2-3: p=0.036). @entity11 expression was also significantly altered in connection to smoking status and presence of @entity7 . CONCLUSION: The demand for additional, alternative molecular biomarkers with prognostic potential is strong. Evaluation of miRNA expression might be helpful to distinguish @entity1 and might be able to help in the prediction of @entity6 outcome.

title: MicroRNA Expressions in HPV-induced XXXX and Cancer.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the nationwide prevalence of @entity4 and @entity2 in the Korean population and determine the associated factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide health survey. METHODS: We obtained data from the 2009 to 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, which were cross-sectional surveys of the South Korean civilian, non-institutionalised population aged 40   years and older (N=3267). A field survey team performed interviews and physical examinations. Structured questionnaires were handed out and balance function tests using the modified Romberg test of standing balance on firm and compliant support surfaces were performed on @entity0 . Failure on the modified Romberg test was regarded to indicate @entity2 . RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity4 during the past year was 16.70% (95% CI 14.65% to 18.76%). The presence of @entity2 was noted in 1.84% (95% CI 1.18% to 2.51%). In addition, the prevalence of experiencing falls and positional @entity4 were 1.46% (95% CI 0.87% to 2.06%) and 1.73% (95% CI 1.17% to 2.29%), respectively. Multivariable analysis revealed that @entity4 was associated with increased age, female gender, @entity1 and stress. @entity2 was associated with increased age, history of @entity4 and @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Vertigo and @entity4 are the greatest contributors to the @entity3 in the aged population. Screening for @entity4 and @entity2 , and management of associated factors might be important for improving compromised quality of life due to postural imbalance caused by vestibular problems.

title: Prevalence of XXXX and associated factors in South Korea.

answer: @entity2


abstract: KEY POINTS: The basic control mechanisms of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis during work transitions in @entity0 skeletal muscle are still a matter of debate. We used simulations of skeletal muscle bioenergetics to identify key system features that contribute to this debate, by comparing kinetic model outputs with experimental @entity0 data, including @entity4 , pH, pulmonary @entity1 uptake and fluxes of @entity2 production by OXPHOS (vOX), anaerobic glycolysis and @entity3 kinase in moderate and severe intensity exercise transitions. We found that each-step activation of particular OXPHOS complexes, @entity5 supply and glycolysis, and strong (third-order) glycolytic inhibition by protons was required to reproduce observed @entity4 , pH and vOX kinetics during exercise. A slow decay of each-step activation during recovery, which was slowed further following severe exercise, was necessary to reproduce the experimental findings. Well-tested computer models offer new insight in the control of the @entity0 skeletal muscle bioenergetic system during physical exercise. ABSTRACT: To better understand muscle bioenergetic regulation, a previously-developed model of the skeletal muscle cell bioenergetic system was used to simulate the influence of: (1) each-step activation (ESA) of @entity5 supply (including glycolysis) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes and (2) glycolytic inhibition by protons on the kinetics of @entity2 synthesis from OXPHOS, anaerobic glycolysis and @entity3 kinase. Simulations were fitted to previously published experimental data of @entity2 production fluxes and metabolite concentrations during moderate and severe intensity exercise transitions in bilateral knee extension in @entity0 . Overall, the computer simulations agreed well with experimental results. Specifically, a large (>5-fold) direct activation of all OXPHOS complexes was required to simulate measured @entity4 and OXPHOS responses to both moderate and severe intensity exercise. In addition, slow decay of ESA was required to fit @entity4 recovery kinetics, and the time constant of ESA decay was slower following severe (180  s) than moderate (90  s) exercise. Additionally, a strong inhibition of (anaerobic) glycolysis by protons (glycolytic rate inversely proportional to the cube of proton concentration) provided the best fit to the experimental pH kinetics, and may contribute to the progressive increase in oxidative @entity2 supply during acidifying contractions. During severe-intensity exercise, an 'additional' @entity2 usage (a 27% increase at 8  min, above the initial @entity2 supply) was necessary to explain the observed V  O2 slow component. Thus, parallel activation of @entity2 usage and @entity2 supply (ESA), and a strong inhibition of @entity2 supply by anaerobic glycolysis, were necessary to simulate the kinetics of muscle bioenergetics observed in @entity0 .

title: Each-step activation of oxidative phosphorylation is necessary to explain muscle metabolic kinetic responses to exercise and recovery in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study is to examine whether the activation of Rho kinase (ROCK) accounts for hemoglobin (Hb)-induced disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) after the occurrence of @entity1 . A model of intracerebral injection of Hb was established in @entity0 . Changes in the levels of mRNA of @entity4 , @entity3 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression of @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity5 and @entity2 , as well as ROCK activity, were determined using Western blotting. Immunohistochemical assay was performed to visualize the expression of @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity5 and @entity2 in endothelial cells. Hb injection produced a significant increase in BBB permeability and water content in the brain. Significant reduction of @entity5 expression was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence in Hb group. The levels of @entity4 and @entity3 were significantly up-regulated from 6 h to 12 h after Hb injection and were concomitant with the increase in ROCK activity. Immunofluorescence double staining showed enhanced p-myosin light chain immunoreactivity but diminished @entity5 staining in endothelial cells. Significant up-regulation of @entity2 expression was detected after Hb injection, and statistical analyses further confirmed a positive correlation of @entity2 expression with ROCK activity. The results showed that ROCK was activated in endothelial cells by Hb. This may account for the early disruption of the BBB via up-regulation of p-myosin light chain expression and aggravation of injuries to TJ proteins. The activation of ROCK may also increase @entity2 expression, thereby leading to further BBB disruption.

title: Increased activity of Rho kinase contributes to hemoglobin-induced early disruption of the blood-brain barrier in vivo after the occurrence of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious problem in chemotherapy and is one of the main reasons for a poor outcome of @entity2 . Study on the key proteins in multidrug resistance is necessary for the treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: The expression of ToPo II, @entity3 and GST-   in 119 @entity2 was retrospectively examined, and the results were analyzed in correlation with clinicopathological data. ToPo II negative, @entity3 positive and GST-   positive were regarded as three risk factors which may be associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis. @entity0 were divided into two groups: high-risk group (>= 2 risk factors) and the low-risk group (<2 risk factors), and the @entity1 recurrence and @entity0 ' survival time of the two groups were also analyzed. RESULTS: The positive rates of ToPo II, @entity3 and GST-   were 73.9%, 42.9% and 51.3%, respectively. The positively correlation between the expression of @entity3 and GST-   had been found. A significant correlation was shown between ToPo II expression and the level of differentiation. Significant differences with GST-   expression were also found in relation to the sex and differentiation. In the high-risk group, the 3-year survival rate of @entity0 with/without chemotherapy were 62.1% and 52.0%, 5-year survival rates were 44.8% and 40.0%, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In the low-risk group, the 3-year survival rate of @entity0 with/without chemotherapy were 81.2% and 51.5%, 5-year survival rates were 71.9% and 45.5%, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Combined detection of MDR-related proteins ToPo II, @entity3 and GST-   may be prospectively valuable for postoperative individualized chemotherapy, and further predict the outcomes of @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Significance of multidrug resistance gene-related proteins in the postoperative chemotherapy of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a systemic role in disease treatment, targeting multiple etiological factors simultaneously. Based on clinical experience, rhubarb and Salvia miltiorrhiza are commonly prescribed together for the treatment of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and have been proven to be very effective. However, the rationale of the combination remains unclear. The major active ingredients of these two herbs are rhein (RH) and danshensu (DSS), respectively. The aim of this paper is to investigate the renoprotective effects of RH and DSS in vitro and in vivo, and the underlying mechanism. A total of 5/6 nephrectomy @entity2 and @entity0 cells were subjected to chronic @entity1 . The combination of RH and DSS conferred a protective effect, as shown by a significant improvement in the renal function, blood supply, and fibrotic degree. Proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules were suppressed by RH and DSS through NK-kB signaling. The combination also inhibited apoptosis by up-regulating @entity3 and down-regulating @entity4 . Inhibiting the @entity6 / @entity7 pathway was at least in part involved in the antifibrotic mechanism of the combination treatment of RH and DSS. This study demonstrates for the first time the renoprotective effect and the mechanism of RH and DSS combination on chronic @entity1 . It could provide experimental evidence to support the rationality of the combinatorial use of TCM in clinical practices.

title: Effects and Mechanism of Combination of Rhein and Danshensu in the Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were shown to support bone regeneration, when they were locally transplanted into poorly healing @entity1 . The benefit of systemic MSC transplantation is currently less evident. There is consensus that systemically applied MSC are recruited to the site of injury, but it is debated whether they actually support bone formation. Furthermore, the question arises as to whether circulating MSC are recruited only in case of injury or whether they also participate in mechanically induced bone formation. To answer these questions we injected green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labelled MSC into C57BL/6J @entity0 , which were subjected either to a femur osteotomy or to non-invasive mechanical ulna loading to induce bone formation. We detected GFP-labelled MSC in the early (day 10) and late @entity1 (day 21) by immunohistochemistry. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 ( @entity2 or @entity2 ), a key chemokine for stem cell attraction, was strongly expressed by virtually all cells near the osteotomy - indicating that @entity2 may mediate cell migration to the site of injury. We found no differences in @entity2 expression between the groups. Micro-computed tomography (  CT) revealed significantly more bone in the callus of the MSC treated @entity0 compared to untreated controls. The bending stiffness of callus was not significantly altered after MSC-application. In contrast, we failed to detect GFP-labelled MSC in the ulna after non-invasive mechanical loading. Histomorphometry and   CT revealed a significant load-induced increase in bone formation; however, no further increase was found after MSC administration. Concluding, our results suggest that systemically administered MSC are recruited and support bone formation only in case of injury but not in mechanically induced bone formation.

title: Systemic mesenchymal stem cell administration enhances bone formation in XXXX repair but not load-induced bone formation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 are known as effective and safe agents for the prophylaxis and treatment of different cohorts of @entity0 with @entity6 . Recent studies revealed that certain pharmacokinetics of @entity10 antifungals might impact clinical efficacy and safety in special @entity0 populations. The aim of our study was to evaluate @entity10 -induced aggravation of @entity4 in @entity5 . Using an in vivo endotoxemic shock model in @entity1 , we assessed hemodynamic parameters and time @entity3 ( @entity3 ) after additional central-venous application of @entity12 (2.5 mg/kg body weight (BW), @entity11 (0.875 mg/kg BW), @entity7 (3 mg/kg BW and control (0.9% @entity8 ). In addition, @entity10 -induced @entity2 was evaluated in isolated @entity1 cardiac myocytes. @entity3 of the @entity11 group animals (n=7) was significantly reduced compared to control (n=6) (136 min vs. 180 min; p=0.0209). @entity12 group (n=7) also showed a trend to reduced @entity3 (136 min vs. 180 min; log-rank test p=0.0578). Animals of the @entity7 group (n=7) did not show significant differences in @entity3 compared to control. Control group animals and also @entity7 group animals did not show altered cardiac output (CO) during our experiments. In contrast, administration of @entity12 or @entity11 induced a decrease in CO. We also revealed a dose-dependent increase of @entity2 in @entity12 and @entity11 treated cardiac myocytes. Treatment with @entity7 did not cause significant increased @entity2 . Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanism.

title: Cardiac effects of XXXX in endotoxemic @entity1 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 are known as effective and safe agents for the prophylaxis and treatment of different cohorts of @entity0 with @entity6 . Recent studies revealed that certain pharmacokinetics of @entity10 antifungals might impact clinical efficacy and safety in special @entity0 populations. The aim of our study was to evaluate @entity10 -induced aggravation of @entity4 in @entity5 . Using an in vivo endotoxemic shock model in @entity1 , we assessed hemodynamic parameters and time @entity3 ( @entity3 ) after additional central-venous application of @entity12 (2.5 mg/kg body weight (BW), @entity11 (0.875 mg/kg BW), @entity7 (3 mg/kg BW and control (0.9% @entity8 ). In addition, @entity10 -induced @entity2 was evaluated in isolated @entity1 cardiac myocytes. @entity3 of the @entity11 group animals (n=7) was significantly reduced compared to control (n=6) (136 min vs. 180 min; p=0.0209). @entity12 group (n=7) also showed a trend to reduced @entity3 (136 min vs. 180 min; log-rank test p=0.0578). Animals of the @entity7 group (n=7) did not show significant differences in @entity3 compared to control. Control group animals and also @entity7 group animals did not show altered cardiac output (CO) during our experiments. In contrast, administration of @entity12 or @entity11 induced a decrease in CO. We also revealed a dose-dependent increase of @entity2 in @entity12 and @entity11 treated cardiac myocytes. Treatment with @entity7 did not cause significant increased @entity2 . Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanism.

title: Cardiac effects of @entity9 in endotoxemic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Cactophilic @entity1 species provide a valuable model to study gene-environment interactions and ecological adaptation. @entity1 buzzatii and @entity3 are two cactophilic species that belong to the repleta group, but have very different geographical distributions and primary host plants. To investigate the genomic basis of ecological adaptation, we sequenced the genome and developmental transcriptome of D. buzzatii and compared its gene content with that of @entity3 and two other noncactophilic @entity1 species in the same subgenus. The newly sequenced D. buzzatii genome (161.5 Mb) comprises 826 scaffolds (>3 kb) and contains 13,657 annotated protein-coding genes. Using RNA sequencing data of five life-stages we found expression of 15,026 genes, 80% protein-coding genes, and 20% noncoding RNA genes. In total, we detected 1,294 genes putatively under positive selection. Interestingly, among genes under positive selection in the @entity3 lineage, there is an excess of genes involved in metabolism of heterocyclic compounds that are abundant in Stenocereus cacti and toxic to nonresident @entity1 species. We found 117 orphan genes in the shared D. buzzatii- @entity3 lineage. In addition, gene duplication analysis identified lineage-specific expanded families with functional annotations associated with proteolysis, @entity0 ion binding, chitin binding, sensory perception, @entity2 tolerance, immunity, physiology, and reproduction. In summary, we identified genetic signatures of adaptation in the shared D. buzzatii- @entity3 lineage, and in the two separate D. buzzatii and @entity3 lineages. Many of the novel lineage-specific genomic features are promising candidates for explaining the adaptation of these species to their distinct ecological niches.

title: Genomics of ecological adaptation in cactophilic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Ninety consecutive @entity0 underwent surgery for @entity2 . Eighty-one (90%) did not require blood transfusion in the immediate postoperative period; nine @entity0 received 16 units of blood, 6 of whom bled excessively; 2 were re-explored. Twelve had post-operative haemoglobins below 8.5 G/dl during their stay. They were transfused a total of 28 units of blood before discharge. Post-operative @entity1 in the 9 transfused early averaged 894 +/- 176 ml (SEM). Loss from the not transfused @entity0 averaged 481 +/- 18 ml (p less than 0.001). @entity0 transfused later had a mean loss of 510 +/- 36 ml (P NS). Sixty-nine @entity0 were not transfused. Haemoglobin on the first post-operative day was 11.3 +/- 1.3 G/dl (SD). This declined to 10.2 +/- 1.2 G/dl on the fifth day. Discharge haemoglobin was 10.5 +/- 1.2 G/dl. Two @entity0 died, one of @entity3 on the third day and the other of @entity4 on the fourth. Both had had early blood transfusion. Haemoglobins were above 10 G/dl. Of the 69 untransfused @entity0 17% had @entity5 . Ten percent had serous wound discharges; 3 were infected. There were no sternal dehiscences. It is concluded that bank blood transfusion with its attendant hazards and expense is easily avoidable in most @entity0 . This saving of resources will increase the availability of blood and rare groups for surgery.

title: Reduction of blood use in surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Crystalline @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is an important material for industry but is considered potentially carcinogenic. Inhalation of a crystalline @entity5 aerosol may contribute to serious @entity2 . Crystalline @entity5 particles are commonly used as a positive control in @entity1 assays of particulate materials (e.g. nanoparticles). Crystalline @entity5 induces oxidative stress resulting in lipid peroxidation, but the acute oxidative stress response in the lung is not well understood. Lipid peroxidation during the acute stage of oxidative stress after instillation of crystalline @entity5 into @entity0 was examined by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis. The levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a and @entity6 ( @entity8 ) in the BALF were measured using liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry. The concentration of the antioxidant protein @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in the BALF was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Intratracheal instillation of crystalline @entity5 increased the level of HODE and @entity7 in BALF at 24 h after administration. The levels of HODE and @entity7 returned to baseline at 72 h after instillation. @entity3 dehydrogenase leakage was observed only after 1 h instillation. These results suggest that the contribution of oxidative stress to the @entity2 of crystalline @entity5 is minimal in the early acute stage after exposure.

title: The induction of lipid peroxidation during the acute oxidative stress response induced by intratracheal instillation of fine crystalline XXXX particles in @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Crystalline @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is an important material for industry but is considered potentially carcinogenic. Inhalation of a crystalline @entity5 aerosol may contribute to serious @entity2 . Crystalline @entity5 particles are commonly used as a positive control in @entity1 assays of particulate materials (e.g. nanoparticles). Crystalline @entity5 induces oxidative stress resulting in lipid peroxidation, but the acute oxidative stress response in the lung is not well understood. Lipid peroxidation during the acute stage of oxidative stress after instillation of crystalline @entity5 into @entity0 was examined by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) analysis. The levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a and @entity6 ( @entity8 ) in the BALF were measured using liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry. The concentration of the antioxidant protein @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in the BALF was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Intratracheal instillation of crystalline @entity5 increased the level of HODE and @entity7 in BALF at 24 h after administration. The levels of HODE and @entity7 returned to baseline at 72 h after instillation. @entity3 dehydrogenase leakage was observed only after 1 h instillation. These results suggest that the contribution of oxidative stress to the @entity2 of crystalline @entity5 is minimal in the early acute stage after exposure.

title: The induction of lipid peroxidation during the acute oxidative stress response induced by intratracheal instillation of fine crystalline @entity4 particles in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or @entity1 are at risk for @entity2 and @entity3 . Currently, there is no known effective strategy to prevent this @entity2 . Increasing evidence exists that physical exercise is beneficial for cognitive function. However, in @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity1 who are at risk of @entity2 and @entity3 , only a few trials have been conducted. In this study, we aim to investigate whether a physical exercise programme (MoveIT) can prevent @entity2 in @entity0 in the acute phase after a @entity4 or minor @entity1 . METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A single-blinded randomised controlled trial will be conducted to investigate the effect of an aerobic exercise programme on cognition compared with usual care. 120 adult @entity0 with a @entity4 or minor @entity1 than 1   month ago will be randomly allocated to an exercise programme consisting of a 12-week aerobic exercise programme and regular follow-up visits to a specialised physiotherapist during the period of 1   year or to usual care. Outcome measures will be assessed at the baseline, and at the 1-year and 2-year follow-up. The primary outcome is cognitive functioning measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and with additional neuropsychological tests. Secondary outcomes include maximal exercise capacity, self-reported physical activity and measures of secondary prevention. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study received ethical approval from the VU University Amsterdam Ethics committee (2011/383). The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences. We will also disseminate the main results to our @entity0 in a letter. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The Nederlands Trial Register NTR3884.

title: A randomised controlled trial of aerobic exercise after XXXX or minor @entity1 to prevent @entity2 : the MoveIT study protocol.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or @entity1 are at risk for @entity2 and @entity3 . Currently, there is no known effective strategy to prevent this @entity2 . Increasing evidence exists that physical exercise is beneficial for cognitive function. However, in @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity1 who are at risk of @entity2 and @entity3 , only a few trials have been conducted. In this study, we aim to investigate whether a physical exercise programme (MoveIT) can prevent @entity2 in @entity0 in the acute phase after a @entity4 or minor @entity1 . METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A single-blinded randomised controlled trial will be conducted to investigate the effect of an aerobic exercise programme on cognition compared with usual care. 120 adult @entity0 with a @entity4 or minor @entity1 than 1   month ago will be randomly allocated to an exercise programme consisting of a 12-week aerobic exercise programme and regular follow-up visits to a specialised physiotherapist during the period of 1   year or to usual care. Outcome measures will be assessed at the baseline, and at the 1-year and 2-year follow-up. The primary outcome is cognitive functioning measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and with additional neuropsychological tests. Secondary outcomes include maximal exercise capacity, self-reported physical activity and measures of secondary prevention. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study received ethical approval from the VU University Amsterdam Ethics committee (2011/383). The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences. We will also disseminate the main results to our @entity0 in a letter. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The Nederlands Trial Register NTR3884.

title: A randomised controlled trial of aerobic exercise after @entity4 or minor XXXX to prevent @entity2 : the MoveIT study protocol.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or @entity1 are at risk for @entity2 and @entity3 . Currently, there is no known effective strategy to prevent this @entity2 . Increasing evidence exists that physical exercise is beneficial for cognitive function. However, in @entity0 with @entity4 or @entity1 who are at risk of @entity2 and @entity3 , only a few trials have been conducted. In this study, we aim to investigate whether a physical exercise programme (MoveIT) can prevent @entity2 in @entity0 in the acute phase after a @entity4 or minor @entity1 . METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A single-blinded randomised controlled trial will be conducted to investigate the effect of an aerobic exercise programme on cognition compared with usual care. 120 adult @entity0 with a @entity4 or minor @entity1 than 1   month ago will be randomly allocated to an exercise programme consisting of a 12-week aerobic exercise programme and regular follow-up visits to a specialised physiotherapist during the period of 1   year or to usual care. Outcome measures will be assessed at the baseline, and at the 1-year and 2-year follow-up. The primary outcome is cognitive functioning measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and with additional neuropsychological tests. Secondary outcomes include maximal exercise capacity, self-reported physical activity and measures of secondary prevention. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study received ethical approval from the VU University Amsterdam Ethics committee (2011/383). The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences. We will also disseminate the main results to our @entity0 in a letter. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The Nederlands Trial Register NTR3884.

title: A randomised controlled trial of aerobic exercise after @entity4 or minor @entity1 to prevent XXXX : the MoveIT study protocol.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevention of primary damage caused by @entity3 may be avoided with protective measures and techniques which is a public health concern. Experimental and clinical studies about treatment of @entity3 were all centered to prevent @entity0 caused by physiopathological changes following primary injury. Neuroprotective features of @entity7 were the focus of several experimental studies in the last decade. In the present study we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of @entity4 in an experimental model of blunt @entity5 in @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 male @entity1 were divided into four experimental groups (n = 8). @entity3 was not performed in control group (group 1, craniectomy only). In the second group, @entity3 and craniectomy were performed. Intraperitoneal saline was used in addition to trauma and craniectomy for treatment in group 3 whereas intraperitoneal @entity4 and saline were used for treatment in group 4. RESULTS: When histological examinations performed by transmission electron microscopy were evaluated, injury at ultrastructural level was demonstrated to be less pronounced in @entity4 group with decreased lipid peroxidation levels. CONCLUSION: In accordance with these findings, we conclude that systemic @entity4 administration is effective in reduction of secondary @entity2 and @entity6 and thus it may be considered as a therapeutic option.

title: Neuroprotective effects of @entity7 on blunt XXXX : An experimental study on @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevention of primary damage caused by @entity3 may be avoided with protective measures and techniques which is a public health concern. Experimental and clinical studies about treatment of @entity3 were all centered to prevent @entity0 caused by physiopathological changes following primary injury. Neuroprotective features of @entity7 were the focus of several experimental studies in the last decade. In the present study we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of @entity4 in an experimental model of blunt @entity5 in @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 male @entity1 were divided into four experimental groups (n = 8). @entity3 was not performed in control group (group 1, craniectomy only). In the second group, @entity3 and craniectomy were performed. Intraperitoneal saline was used in addition to trauma and craniectomy for treatment in group 3 whereas intraperitoneal @entity4 and saline were used for treatment in group 4. RESULTS: When histological examinations performed by transmission electron microscopy were evaluated, injury at ultrastructural level was demonstrated to be less pronounced in @entity4 group with decreased lipid peroxidation levels. CONCLUSION: In accordance with these findings, we conclude that systemic @entity4 administration is effective in reduction of secondary @entity2 and @entity6 and thus it may be considered as a therapeutic option.

title: Neuroprotective effects of XXXX on blunt @entity3 : An experimental study on @entity1 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevention of primary damage caused by @entity3 may be avoided with protective measures and techniques which is a public health concern. Experimental and clinical studies about treatment of @entity3 were all centered to prevent @entity0 caused by physiopathological changes following primary injury. Neuroprotective features of @entity7 were the focus of several experimental studies in the last decade. In the present study we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of @entity4 in an experimental model of blunt @entity5 in @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 32 male @entity1 were divided into four experimental groups (n = 8). @entity3 was not performed in control group (group 1, craniectomy only). In the second group, @entity3 and craniectomy were performed. Intraperitoneal saline was used in addition to trauma and craniectomy for treatment in group 3 whereas intraperitoneal @entity4 and saline were used for treatment in group 4. RESULTS: When histological examinations performed by transmission electron microscopy were evaluated, injury at ultrastructural level was demonstrated to be less pronounced in @entity4 group with decreased lipid peroxidation levels. CONCLUSION: In accordance with these findings, we conclude that systemic @entity4 administration is effective in reduction of secondary @entity2 and @entity6 and thus it may be considered as a therapeutic option.

title: Neuroprotective effects of @entity7 on blunt @entity3 : An experimental study on XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: " NlmCategory=: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a significant issue affecting national health policies. The National Emergency Department Information System for @entity3 (NEDIS-CA) consortium managed a prospective registry of out-of-hospital @entity3 (OHCA) at the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) level. We analyzed the NEDIS-CA data from 29 participating hospitals from January 2008 to July 2009. The primary outcomes were incidence of OHCA and final survival outcomes at discharge. Factors influencing survival outcomes were assessed as secondary outcomes. The implementation of advanced emergency management (drugs, endotracheal intubation) and post- @entity3 care ( @entity4 , coronary intervention) was also investigated. A total of 4,156 resuscitation-attempted OHCAs were included, of which 401 (9.6%) @entity0 survived to discharge and 79 (1.9%) were discharged with good neurologic outcomes. During the study period, there were 1,662,470 @entity1 visits in @entity0 hospitals; therefore, the estimated number of resuscitation-attempted CAs was 1 per 400 @entity1 visits (0.25%). Factors improving survival outcomes included younger age, witnessed collapse, onset in a public place, a shockable rhythm in the pre-hospital setting, and applied advanced resuscitation care. We found that active advanced multidisciplinary resuscitation efforts influenced improvement in the survival rate. Resuscitation by public witnesses improved the short-term outcomes (return of spontaneous circulation, survival admission) but did not increase the survival to discharge rate. Strategies are required to reinforce the chain of survival and high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Korea. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT:

title: Epidemiology and Outcomes in Out-of-hospital @entity3 : A Report from the NEDIS-Based XXXX Registry in Korea.

answer: @entity3


abstract: " NlmCategory=: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a significant issue affecting national health policies. The National Emergency Department Information System for @entity3 (NEDIS-CA) consortium managed a prospective registry of out-of-hospital @entity3 (OHCA) at the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) level. We analyzed the NEDIS-CA data from 29 participating hospitals from January 2008 to July 2009. The primary outcomes were incidence of OHCA and final survival outcomes at discharge. Factors influencing survival outcomes were assessed as secondary outcomes. The implementation of advanced emergency management (drugs, endotracheal intubation) and post- @entity3 care ( @entity4 , coronary intervention) was also investigated. A total of 4,156 resuscitation-attempted OHCAs were included, of which 401 (9.6%) @entity0 survived to discharge and 79 (1.9%) were discharged with good neurologic outcomes. During the study period, there were 1,662,470 @entity1 visits in @entity0 hospitals; therefore, the estimated number of resuscitation-attempted CAs was 1 per 400 @entity1 visits (0.25%). Factors improving survival outcomes included younger age, witnessed collapse, onset in a public place, a shockable rhythm in the pre-hospital setting, and applied advanced resuscitation care. We found that active advanced multidisciplinary resuscitation efforts influenced improvement in the survival rate. Resuscitation by public witnesses improved the short-term outcomes (return of spontaneous circulation, survival admission) but did not increase the survival to discharge rate. Strategies are required to reinforce the chain of survival and high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Korea. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT:

title: Epidemiology and Outcomes in Out-of-hospital XXXX : A Report from the NEDIS-Based @entity3 Registry in Korea.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To review literature on local therapy in @entity1 with primary metastatic @entity0 with focus on local radiotherapy (RT). @entity1 AND METHODS: A Medline search using the key words "metastatic @entity0 ", "primary resection/radiotherapy", "local therapy", "local radiotherapy" was carried out. All original studies in the English language were included in the present review. RESULTS: A total of 27 original studies including more than 33,000 @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 were identified, including two large database analyses (n=25,757). All studies were retrospective in nature. Most studies showed a survival benefit with the addition of local therapy in a metastatic situation. The majority of studies focused on the role of surgery. Fourteen studies (52%) mentioned radiotherapy (RT) in 0.3% to 100% of @entity1 . Six of these studies analyzed the effect of RT separately and five found an additional benefit of RT. Two studies showed best outcomes when RT and surgery were combined. CONCLUSION: Most retrospective studies showed a survival benefit for local therapy in @entity1 with @entity0 with distant metastases. The role of RT remains unclear. Some reports showed improved outcome with the combination of surgery and RT. This approach should be considered in @entity1 with good survival prognosis in whom local control is important. There are several prognostic factors to aid decision-making. Results of prospective randomized studies are pending.

title: Primary XXXX with Synchronous Metastatic Disease - Indications for Local Radiotherapy to the Breast and Chest Wall.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The fine structure, synaptic relationships, distribution and time of origin of interstitial neurons situated within the white matter subjacent to the visual, somatosensory and motor cortices were studied in the @entity0 and monkey telencephalon. The analysis was carried out on Nissl-stained serial sections, rapid Golgi impregnations, by @entity3 ( @entity3 ) histochemistry, electron microscopy and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) autoradiography. Interstitial neurons have a similar distribution, morphology and histochemistry in both @entity0 and monkey telencephalon. Their highest density and the most extensive distribution is found in the neonatal period in both species. The number of interstitial neurons decreases during infancy, but numerous cells remain in the adult. Two types of interstitial neuron can be recognized in Golgi preparations: polymorphic cells, usually situated close to the cortex and fusiform cells, located predominantly in the depths of the white matter. The polymorphic cell type is prevalent during neonatal and @entity0 stages, while fusiform cells are relatively more numerous in the adult. Interstitial cells have ultrastructural features and organelles typical of neurons of the central nervous system with well-defined axosomatic and axodendritic synapses of both symmetrical and asymmetrical types. About 20% fo the interstitial cells show strong specific @entity3 activity. Autoradiographic analysis of postnatal monkeys exposed to @entity1 at various embryonic (E) and early postnatal days indicates that interstitial neurons which lie beneath the visual and somatosensory-motor cortices are generated between E38 and E48. Contrary to the prevailing notion that interstitial neurons are the latest generated cells arreste during migration across the maturing white matter, they prove to be produced at the end of the first third of the 165-day gestation in the @entity2 concomitantly with the generation of neurons destined for the deep neocortical layers. These findings raise the possibility that interstitial cells represent a vestige of the transient embryonic subplate layer.

title: Cytology and time of origin of interstitial neurons in the white matter in XXXX and adult @entity0 and monkey telencephalon.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The fine structure, synaptic relationships, distribution and time of origin of interstitial neurons situated within the white matter subjacent to the visual, somatosensory and motor cortices were studied in the @entity0 and monkey telencephalon. The analysis was carried out on Nissl-stained serial sections, rapid Golgi impregnations, by @entity3 ( @entity3 ) histochemistry, electron microscopy and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) autoradiography. Interstitial neurons have a similar distribution, morphology and histochemistry in both @entity0 and monkey telencephalon. Their highest density and the most extensive distribution is found in the neonatal period in both species. The number of interstitial neurons decreases during infancy, but numerous cells remain in the adult. Two types of interstitial neuron can be recognized in Golgi preparations: polymorphic cells, usually situated close to the cortex and fusiform cells, located predominantly in the depths of the white matter. The polymorphic cell type is prevalent during neonatal and @entity0 stages, while fusiform cells are relatively more numerous in the adult. Interstitial cells have ultrastructural features and organelles typical of neurons of the central nervous system with well-defined axosomatic and axodendritic synapses of both symmetrical and asymmetrical types. About 20% fo the interstitial cells show strong specific @entity3 activity. Autoradiographic analysis of postnatal monkeys exposed to @entity1 at various embryonic (E) and early postnatal days indicates that interstitial neurons which lie beneath the visual and somatosensory-motor cortices are generated between E38 and E48. Contrary to the prevailing notion that interstitial neurons are the latest generated cells arreste during migration across the maturing white matter, they prove to be produced at the end of the first third of the 165-day gestation in the @entity2 concomitantly with the generation of neurons destined for the deep neocortical layers. These findings raise the possibility that interstitial cells represent a vestige of the transient embryonic subplate layer.

title: Cytology and time of origin of interstitial neurons in the white matter in @entity0 and adult XXXX and monkey telencephalon.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to validate the paediatric risk of @entity1 index (PRMI), as previously published. DESIGN: External validation study. SETTING: Academic hospital: Radboud University Medical Center. POPULATION: Female paediatric @entity0 under the age of 18  years diagnosed with, or treated for, an adnexal mass between January 1999 and October 2013. METHODS: Information was collected on diagnosis, presenting symptoms, and signs and imaging characteristics. The PRMI was calculated for each @entity0 . Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated, and the results were visualised using a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Histological diagnosis, discriminative performance using the area under the curve (AUC) of the  ROC curve and sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: Seventy-eight @entity0 were included, with a median age of 12  years. A malignant mass was found in 17 @entity0 (21.8%). The PRMI with a cut-off value of 7 resulted in a sensitivity of 70.1% (95% CI 44.1-89.6%) and a specificity of 85.3% (95% CI 73.8-93.0%). The area under the ROC curve was 0.868 (95% CI 0.756-0.980). CONCLUSIONS: The PRMI showed less discriminative capacity than  originally published, but its performance was still good; however, further prospective validation studies are needed to  define whether the model is useful in daily clinical practice.

title: External validation of the paediatric risk of XXXX index.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Platelet concentrates are given to @entity0 suffering with severe @entity2 usually by a gravity transfusion procedure. Increasing @entity0 numbers that are in need of this treatment increase the pressure on hospital staff and space. In order to combat time issues, the use of medical devices such as intravenous infusion pumps are thought to be beneficial for time and simultaneously for safety in transfusion practices. By using infusion pumps, platelet concentrates can be transfused in less time and provide accurate volume measurements. Manufacturers of infusion pumps claim that these devices are safe to be used for blood products including platelet concentrates. However, published studies were performed on older models and newer devices are on the market now. The purpose of this study is to evaluate infusion pumps, which are claimed to be suitable for blood products and to investigate the impact the pumps had on platelets. Furthermore, the study revealed if the intravenous infusion pumps are safe to be used for platelet transfusion as claimed by manufacturers. A simulated transfusion was performed using the Carefusion Alaris GP Plus volumetric pump and Fresenius Kabi Volumat Agilia infusion pump. Samples were taken from expired platelet concentrates before and after passage through the pump. All samples were investigated for full blood count that included platelet count, mean platelet volume ( @entity3 ), platelet distribution width (PDW) and a plateletcrit (PCT). The samples were then centrifuged to achieve platelet-poor plasma and then tested for @entity1 dehydrogenase (LDH). A power calculation performed on the statistical power analysis program G*power indicated a requirement of 82 samples for a power of 80%. Statistical analysis was performed with the IBM SPSS statistic software. A paired sample t-test was used to calculate mean, standard deviation and P values for the infusion pumps used. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to evaluate results that had a non-normal distribution. No statistically significant changes were found for LDH, PDW and platelet count with the Carefusion infusion pump. PCT and @entity3 were found to have a statistically significant change with P values of 0.005 and 0.001, respectively, and showed a decrease in their values. The Fresenius Kabi infusion pump has shown no statistically difference in LDH, platelet count, PCT or PDW, with P values of 0.075, 0.425, 0.151 and 0.397, respectively. The @entity3 showed a statistically significant decrease in its value with a P value < 0.043. Although only two pumps were tested, the results achieved by testing the devices revealed that there was no influence on the platelet enzyme LDH or the platelet count as the main parameters. However, the findings showed that there was statistically significant differences in @entity3 of the expired platelet concentrates.

title: Platelet transfusion in chemotherapy XXXX : comparison of the effect of intravenous infusion pumps versus gravity transfusion.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Fluorescent carbonaceous nanospheres (CDs) have gained significant attention because of their promising applications, especially in biology and medicine, due to their unique properties. However, the application of CDs in the noninvasive imaging of diseased tissues has been restricted by the poor targeting efficiency of CDs. In this study, CDs were prepared from @entity7 and @entity6 with a particle size of 122.5 nm. Due to quantum confinement in the nanoparticles, CDs exhibited emission from 450 to 600 nm upon excitation at approximately 400 nm. This feature made it possible to use the CDs for low-background bioimaging of deep diseased tissues. RGD, a ligand that can target a(v)b3, which is highly expressed on most @entity1 and neovascular cells, was decorated onto the CDs after PEGylation. The product, RGD- @entity8 -CDs, possessed low @entity5 , as determined by @entity4 assay. In vitro, RGD- @entity8 -CDs targeted U87 (a @entity0 @entity3 cell line) cells with a higher cellular uptake intensity than CDs and PEGylated CDs (PEG-CDs), and endosomes were involved in the uptake procedure. The internalization of RGD-PEG-CDs, @entity8 -CDs and CDs all were primarily mediated by macropinocytosis and a clathrin-mediated pathway, which were energy-dependent. Additionally, the uptake of RGD- @entity8 -CDs could be significantly inhibited by free RGD, indicating that the uptake was mediated by the receptor of RGD. In vivo, RGD- @entity8 -CDs accumulated in U87 @entity2 at high intensity, at values that were 1.67- and 1.64-fold higher than those of @entity8 -CDs and CDs. Furthermore, RGD- @entity8 -CDs exhibited good colocalization with neovasculature. In conclusion, RGD-PEG-CDs could be successfully used for noninvasive U87 @entity2 imaging.

title: Noninvasive In Vivo Diagnosis of XXXX Using RGD-Decorated Fluorescent Carbonaceous Nanospheres.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intra-articular malunion with step off and gap formation is claimed to be crucial for radiocarpal degeneration. In addition to well-defined intraarticular malunion, the shape of the distal radius is important for unaffected wrist function. In typical @entity6 patterns with a dorsoulnar and palmar ulnar fragment, alterations of the shape of the articular surface, in a kind of a cavity, without obvious step off can be observed. The aim of the present study is to determine the residual @entity1 following @entity6 and to analyze their impact on the final clinical and radiological outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty one @entity0 with dorsally displaced distal intraarticular radius fractures were followed up for a mean period of 9 years. Surgical treatment of all @entity0 included @entity5 and corticocancellous bone grafting. Radiological measurements included palmar tilt, radial inclination and radial shortening as defined by ulnar variance, intra-articular Stepps and the measurement of the anteroposterior distance of the radial joint surface. Clinical assessment included active range of motion (ARM) of the wrist, @entity2 according to a visual analogue scale (VAS), grip power, working ability, Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score (DASH Score). RESULTS: Articular malunion in the form of a cavity in the sagittal plane measured 4.8  mm, 1.3  mm more than on the non-injured side. Anteroposterior distance measured 20.6  mm, 2.1  mm more than on the non-injured side. Articular step-off and gap was noticed in 11 @entity0 . At the final follow-up examination, there was a significant difference in articular cavity depth and the anteroposterior distance between @entity4 stage I and II. @entity4 stage was associated with the range of motion (ROM) in the sagittal plane, but had no significant influence on the DASH, @entity2 level, grip strength and ROM in the frontal plane. CONCLUSION: ORIF leads to predictable results in the restoration of length and form of the distal radius. Increasing the articular cavity depth should be avoided to prevent @entity3 at the radiocarpal joint at long-term follow-up visits.

title: XXXX predicting factors in distal intraarticular radius fractures.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The epidemiology of @entity2 is unclear due to the lack of consistent reporting and a high likelihood of spontaneous resolution. In the USA, postmenopausal @entity0 have an @entity2 incidence of 18% over a 15-year period. Worldwide, about 7% of @entity0 have an @entity2 at some point in their lives. In Europe, a large screening trial revealed a 21.2% incidence of @entity2 among healthy postmenopausal @entity0 . The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) stated that simple cysts found on ultrasound may be safely followed without intervention, even in postmenopausal @entity0 . These cysts are not likely @entity1 precursors, nor markers of increased risk, and can be managed conservatively. @entity2 appear to be stable or resolve by the next annual examination. These findings support recent recommendations to follow unilocular simple cysts in postmenopausal @entity0 without intervention. For those @entity0 , @entity3 screening and follow up include a @entity4 blood test and transvaginal ultrasonography (TVU) at baseline, an annual TVU for three additional years, and annual @entity4 tests for five years beyond baseline. The TVU screening examination is considered positive (abnormal and suspicious for @entity3 ) when findings included: 1) ovarian volume greater than 10 cubic cm; 2) cyst volume greater than ten cubic cm; 3) any solid area or papillary projection extending into the cavity of a @entity3 of any size; or, 4) any mixed (solid/cystic) component within a @entity3 . @entity0 with positive screening examinations are referred to gynecologic oncology unit for follow-up investigation. Diagnostic consideration and surgical management of @entity2 are discussed.

title: Current diagnosis and management of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Capsule endoscopy (CE) has the problem that lumen visualization is impaired by bubbles, bile, and debris. The benefits of bowel preparation are still controversial and the best method remains to be determined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the method of bowel preparation on the quality of visualization and on transit time. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 68 @entity0 for CE. @entity0 were randomly allocated to three groups. In group A (n = 23), @entity0 fasted for 12 h before CE. In groups B (n = 20) and C (n = 25), @entity0 received 2 and 4 l of @entity1 ( @entity2 ), respectively. Small bowel images were evaluated by use of a cleansing score system. Representative frames were serially selected at 5-min intervals and scored by assessment of two properties (proportion of luminal visibility and extent of obscuration). RESULTS: The median scores of image quality in groups A, B, and C were 2.26, 2.43, and 2.55 respectively, (P = 0.034). Cecal completion rates, gastric transit time, and small bowel transit time were no different among the three groups. Detection of lesions in groups A, B, and C was 56.5, 65.0, and 68.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Bowel preparation with @entity2 resulted in better image quality than fasting alone. No significant difference was observed between 2 and 4 l. @entity2 2 l rather than 4 l may be a useful method of preparation for CE.

title: Effect of bowel preparation with XXXX on quality of capsule endoscopy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: There are various instruments to assess quality of life (QoL) in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The aim of this study is to determine the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the University of Toronto @entity1 Severity Scale (AFSS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The AFSS and Short Form-36 (SF-36) were completed by 130 @entity0 with documented @entity1 . The Canadian Cardiovascular Society Severity in @entity1 (SAF) scale and European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) scale were also utilized by the attending physicians. To assess test-retest reliability, the AFSS was readministered to 47 clinically stable @entity0 at a 1-month follow-up visit. Internal consistency reliability, test-retest reproducibility, and construct validity were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity0 was 63.1 + 10.9 years and 58.5% of @entity0 were male. The outcome scores of the Turkish version of the AFSS showed good correlations with theoretically related SF-36 domains. Additionally, AFSS outcome scores showed a linear correlation with the SAF and EHRA scores. Cronbach's alpha values for internal consistency were consistent and similar with the English language version of the AFSS. Intraclass correlation coefficients for reproducibility exceeded 0.80 for every item. CONCLUSION: Convergent-divergent and known-groups validity and reliability were established for the Turkish version of the University of Toronto AFSS.

title: The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the University of Toronto XXXX Severity Scale.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Lymphadenectomy (LND) is part of the surgical management of @entity1 but causes significant perioperative morbidity. We determined whether @entity6 , a novel marker of nutritional status, is a predictor of @entity4 after LND. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine @entity0 underwent LND for @entity1 from 1999 to 2014, and 43 had available preoperative abdominal imaging. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated on axial computed tomography images at the third lumbar vertebrae, and an SMI of 55  cm(2)/m(2) was used to classify @entity0 as sarcopenic versus not. This classification was then correlated with @entity4 and survival. RESULTS: Median lumbar SMI was 54.7  cm(2)/m(2) with 22 (51.2  %) @entity0 categorized as sarcopenic versus 21 (48.8  %) who were not. Twenty-seven @entity4 occurred in 20 @entity0 within 30  days, of which 11 (40.7  %) were major (Clavien score  >= IIIa) and 16 (59.3  %) were minor. The most common complications were wound dehiscence (25.9  %), wound @entity5 (18.5  %), lymphocele (18.5  %), and flap @entity2 (14.8  %). On univariate analysis, the presence of @entity6 , @entity3 , and lymphovascular invasion were predictors of @entity4 . On multivariate analysis, only @entity6 was an independent predictor of 30-day complications [p  =  0.038; 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.1-21.1]. Although @entity6 was not statistically associated with worse overall survival (OS), there was a trend toward poorer outcomes in these @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 can be a useful prognostic tool to predict the likelihood of @entity4 after LND for @entity1 . Preoperative nutritional supplementation may help reduce complication rates in the future.

title: XXXX as a predictor of complications in @entity1 @entity0 undergoing inguinal lymph node dissection.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Lymphadenectomy (LND) is part of the surgical management of @entity1 but causes significant perioperative morbidity. We determined whether @entity6 , a novel marker of nutritional status, is a predictor of @entity4 after LND. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine @entity0 underwent LND for @entity1 from 1999 to 2014, and 43 had available preoperative abdominal imaging. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated on axial computed tomography images at the third lumbar vertebrae, and an SMI of 55  cm(2)/m(2) was used to classify @entity0 as sarcopenic versus not. This classification was then correlated with @entity4 and survival. RESULTS: Median lumbar SMI was 54.7  cm(2)/m(2) with 22 (51.2  %) @entity0 categorized as sarcopenic versus 21 (48.8  %) who were not. Twenty-seven @entity4 occurred in 20 @entity0 within 30  days, of which 11 (40.7  %) were major (Clavien score  >= IIIa) and 16 (59.3  %) were minor. The most common complications were wound dehiscence (25.9  %), wound @entity5 (18.5  %), lymphocele (18.5  %), and flap @entity2 (14.8  %). On univariate analysis, the presence of @entity6 , @entity3 , and lymphovascular invasion were predictors of @entity4 . On multivariate analysis, only @entity6 was an independent predictor of 30-day complications [p  =  0.038; 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.1-21.1]. Although @entity6 was not statistically associated with worse overall survival (OS), there was a trend toward poorer outcomes in these @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 can be a useful prognostic tool to predict the likelihood of @entity4 after LND for @entity1 . Preoperative nutritional supplementation may help reduce complication rates in the future.

title: @entity6 as a predictor of complications in XXXX @entity0 undergoing inguinal lymph node dissection.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Lymphadenectomy (LND) is part of the surgical management of @entity1 but causes significant perioperative morbidity. We determined whether @entity6 , a novel marker of nutritional status, is a predictor of @entity4 after LND. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine @entity0 underwent LND for @entity1 from 1999 to 2014, and 43 had available preoperative abdominal imaging. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated on axial computed tomography images at the third lumbar vertebrae, and an SMI of 55  cm(2)/m(2) was used to classify @entity0 as sarcopenic versus not. This classification was then correlated with @entity4 and survival. RESULTS: Median lumbar SMI was 54.7  cm(2)/m(2) with 22 (51.2  %) @entity0 categorized as sarcopenic versus 21 (48.8  %) who were not. Twenty-seven @entity4 occurred in 20 @entity0 within 30  days, of which 11 (40.7  %) were major (Clavien score  >= IIIa) and 16 (59.3  %) were minor. The most common complications were wound dehiscence (25.9  %), wound @entity5 (18.5  %), lymphocele (18.5  %), and flap @entity2 (14.8  %). On univariate analysis, the presence of @entity6 , @entity3 , and lymphovascular invasion were predictors of @entity4 . On multivariate analysis, only @entity6 was an independent predictor of 30-day complications [p  =  0.038; 95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.1-21.1]. Although @entity6 was not statistically associated with worse overall survival (OS), there was a trend toward poorer outcomes in these @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 can be a useful prognostic tool to predict the likelihood of @entity4 after LND for @entity1 . Preoperative nutritional supplementation may help reduce complication rates in the future.

title: @entity6 as a predictor of complications in @entity1 XXXX undergoing inguinal lymph node dissection.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative course of @entity0 with positive stone culture (SC) to @entity0 with sterile SC, and to analyze the predictors for post percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) @entity2 ; and to describe the type and resistance patterns of bacteria responsible for post PCNL @entity2 . From a cohort of 206 consecutive @entity0 undergoing PCNL, we identified 45 @entity0 with a positive SC (group A) and compared them to @entity0 with a sterile SC (group B). Association between different groups was assessed using Chi square, two-tailed Student's t test and Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate. Twenty-three @entity0 had @entity1 and regression analysis was performed to identify clinical variables associated with @entity2 . Demographics, stone load and hospitalization time were similar in both groups. @entity1 developed in 31.1  % of @entity0 in group A compared to 5.9  % in group B. In multivariate analysis, only positive SC was an independent risk factor for @entity1 (OR 6.894, 95  % CI 2.31-20.59, P  =  0.001). All @entity0 responded well to treatment with no septic complications. Enterococci were the prevalent organism (29.4  %) in @entity0 with a positive SC. @entity3 resistance was high in both gram negative and gram positive bacteria. @entity0 with an infected stone are at high risk to develop @entity1 despite standard preoperative antibiotic preparation. SC is important to direct further treatment as almost half of @entity0 with positive SC have a discordant or sterile urine culture. Determining the prevalent bacteria and resistance patterns in SC can aid the selection of empiric antibiotic therapy in high-risk @entity0 .

title: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for infection stones: what is the risk for XXXX ? A retrospective cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Collective cell migration is emerging as a major contributor to normal development and disease. Collective movement of border cells in the @entity1 ovary requires cooperation between two distinct cell types: 4-6 migratory cells surrounding two immotile cells called polar cells. Polar cells secrete a cytokine, Unpaired ( @entity4 ), which activates @entity2 / @entity3 signaling in neighboring cells, stimulating their motility. Without @entity4 , migration fails, causing sterility. Ectopic @entity4 expression is sufficient to stimulate motility in otherwise immobile cells. Thus regulation of @entity4 is key. Here we report a limited RNAi screen for nuclear proteins required for border cell migration, which revealed that the gene encoding @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is required in polar cells for @entity4 expression without affecting polar cell fate. In the absence of @entity5 , fewer border cells are recruited and motility is impaired, similar to inhibition of @entity2 / @entity3 signaling. We further show @entity5 in polar cells is required for @entity2 / @entity3 activation in border cells. Genetic interactions further confirmed @entity5 as a new regulator of @entity4 / @entity2 / @entity3 signaling. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms regulating the cooperation of motile and non-motile cells during collective invasion, a phenomenon that may also drive @entity0 .

title: XXXX regulates cytokine-mediated communication between cooperating cell types during collective border cell migration.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Highly crosslinked and thermally treated @entity3 were clinically introduced to reduce wear and @entity2 . Although the crosslinking process improves the wear performance, it also introduces free radicals into the polymer that can subsequently oxidize. Thermal treatments have been implemented to reduce oxidation; however, the efficacy of these methods with regard to reducing in vivo oxidative degradation remains to be seen. @entity1 oxidation is a concern because it can compromise the ultimate strength and ductility of the material. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We analyzed the oxidation, oxidation potential, and mechanical behavior of thermally treated highly crosslinked @entity1 retrieved acetabular liners. METHODS: Three hundred seven acetabular liners were collected from consecutive revision surgeries at six institutions over a 10-year period. Twenty-four were sterilized using nonionizing methods, 43 were sterilized in an inert environment, 80 were highly crosslinked and annealed, and 160 were highly crosslinked and remelted. Oxidation and oxidation potential were assessed by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy. Mechanical behavior was assessed by the small punch test. RESULTS: Oxidation and @entity0 (oxidation potential) indices were elevated in the annealed and gamma inert sterilized groups compared with those of the remelted liners and uncrosslinked gas sterilized controls, particularly at the rim. We also detected an increase in oxidation over time at the bearing surface of the remelted group. Ultimate strength of the @entity1 at the bearing surface was negatively correlated with implantation time for the annealed liners. CONCLUSIONS: Within the first decade of implantation, the clinical outlook for first-generation highly crosslinked @entity1 remains promising. However, ongoing research continues to be warranted for first-generation highly crosslinked @entity1 bearings to monitor the implications of elevated oxidation at the rim of annealed liners as well as to better understand the subtle changes in oxidation at the bearing surface of remelted liners that occur in vivo.

title: Do first-generation highly crosslinked XXXX oxidize in vivo?

answer: @entity3


abstract: Objectives. @entity4 (+) @entity2 is a rare variant of @entity1 . Sustained complete response following first-line treatments is rare. This retrospective review evaluates the response of refractory or recurrent lesions to palliative radiation therapy. Methods. The records of 6 @entity0 with 12 lesions, treated with radiation therapy, were reviewed. All @entity0 received previous first-line treatments. @entity0 with clinical and pathological evidence of symptomatic @entity4 (+) @entity2 , with no history of other @entity1 variants, and with no prior radiation therapy to the index site were included. Results. The median age of @entity0 was 50.5 years (range, 15-83 years). Median size of the treated lesions was 2.5   cm (range, 2-7   cm). Four sites were treated with a single fraction of 750-800   cGy (n = 3) and 8 sites were treated with 4000-4500   cGy in 200-250   cGy fractions (n = 3). Radiation therapy was administered with electrons and bolus. Median follow-up was 113 months (range, 16-147 months). For all sites, there was 100% complete response with acute grade 1-2 @entity3 . Conclusions. For recurrent and symptomatic radiation-na  ve @entity4 (+) @entity2 lesions, palliative radiation therapy shows excellent response. A single fraction of 750-800   cGy is as effective as a multifractionated course and more convenient.

title: Single-Fraction Radiotherapy for @entity4 (+) XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Objectives. @entity4 (+) @entity2 is a rare variant of @entity1 . Sustained complete response following first-line treatments is rare. This retrospective review evaluates the response of refractory or recurrent lesions to palliative radiation therapy. Methods. The records of 6 @entity0 with 12 lesions, treated with radiation therapy, were reviewed. All @entity0 received previous first-line treatments. @entity0 with clinical and pathological evidence of symptomatic @entity4 (+) @entity2 , with no history of other @entity1 variants, and with no prior radiation therapy to the index site were included. Results. The median age of @entity0 was 50.5 years (range, 15-83 years). Median size of the treated lesions was 2.5   cm (range, 2-7   cm). Four sites were treated with a single fraction of 750-800   cGy (n = 3) and 8 sites were treated with 4000-4500   cGy in 200-250   cGy fractions (n = 3). Radiation therapy was administered with electrons and bolus. Median follow-up was 113 months (range, 16-147 months). For all sites, there was 100% complete response with acute grade 1-2 @entity3 . Conclusions. For recurrent and symptomatic radiation-na  ve @entity4 (+) @entity2 lesions, palliative radiation therapy shows excellent response. A single fraction of 750-800   cGy is as effective as a multifractionated course and more convenient.

title: Single-Fraction Radiotherapy for XXXX (+) @entity2 .

answer: @entity4