abstract: We recently documented that @entity3 ( @entity8 (5) spinal cord transection) alters cardiac electrophysiology and increases the susceptibility to @entity6 induced by programmed electrical stimulation. However, @entity7 is the leading cause of @entity2 in industrially developed countries and will be the major cause of @entity2 in the world by the year 2020. The majority of these deaths result from @entity4 that culminate in @entity9 . beta-Adrenergic receptor antagonists have been shown to reduce the incidence of @entity5 . Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that chronic @entity8 (5) spinal cord transection increases the susceptibility to clinically relevant @entity1 -reperfusion-induced sustained @entity6 due to enhanced sympathetic activity. Intact and chronic (4 wk after transection) @entity8 (5) spinal cord-transected ( @entity8 (5)X) male @entity0 were instrumented to record arterial pressure, body temperature, and ECG. In addition, a snare was placed around the left main coronary artery. The susceptibility to sustained @entity6 produced by 2.5 min of occlusion and reperfusion of the left main coronary artery was determined in conscious @entity0 by pulling on the snare. Reperfusion culminated in sustained @entity6 in 100% of @entity8 (5)X @entity0 (susceptible @entity8 (5)X, 10 of 10) and 0% of intact @entity0 [susceptible intact, 0 of 10 (P < 0.05, @entity8 (5)X vs. intact)]. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade prevented reperfusion-induced sustained @entity6 in @entity8 (5)X @entity0 [susceptible @entity8 (5)X 0 of 8, 0% (P < 0.05)]. Thus @entity3 increases the susceptibility to reperfusion-induced sustained @entity6 due to enhanced sympathetic activity.

title: T5 spinal cord transection increases susceptibility to reperfusion-induced @entity6 by enhancing sympathetic activity in conscious XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe for family physicians screening, diagnosis, and treatment of @entity3 with or without @entity4 ( @entity2 /A). QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: Articles were identified through PsycLIT, PsyINFO, and MEDLINE (1985 to 2006) using the terms @entity3 , psychotherapy, psychosocial treatment, treatment, and pharmacotherapy. Recommendations on treatment choices and guidelines are based on data from high-quality studies only. Information about assessment and diagnosis of @entity2 /A is supported by the most recent epidemiologic studies, as well as expert consensus and opinion. MAIN MESSAGE: @entity3 with or without @entity4 is a @entity1 frequently encountered in primary care. It appears to be underdiagnosed and undertreated in this medical setting. Early successful screening requires a focus on unexplained symptoms and specific questions aimed at identifying @entity3 attacks and their meaning for @entity0 . The treatment of choice for @entity2 /A is cognitive-behavioral therapy administered by a specialized psychologist or psychiatrist. When such therapy is hard to come by or unavailable, family physicians can prescribe drug therapy. CONCLUSION: Family physicians can contribute greatly to early detection and treatment of @entity2 /A.

title: [Early detection and treatment of @entity3 with or without XXXX : update].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe for family physicians screening, diagnosis, and treatment of @entity3 with or without @entity4 ( @entity2 /A). QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: Articles were identified through PsycLIT, PsyINFO, and MEDLINE (1985 to 2006) using the terms @entity3 , psychotherapy, psychosocial treatment, treatment, and pharmacotherapy. Recommendations on treatment choices and guidelines are based on data from high-quality studies only. Information about assessment and diagnosis of @entity2 /A is supported by the most recent epidemiologic studies, as well as expert consensus and opinion. MAIN MESSAGE: @entity3 with or without @entity4 is a @entity1 frequently encountered in primary care. It appears to be underdiagnosed and undertreated in this medical setting. Early successful screening requires a focus on unexplained symptoms and specific questions aimed at identifying @entity3 attacks and their meaning for @entity0 . The treatment of choice for @entity2 /A is cognitive-behavioral therapy administered by a specialized psychologist or psychiatrist. When such therapy is hard to come by or unavailable, family physicians can prescribe drug therapy. CONCLUSION: Family physicians can contribute greatly to early detection and treatment of @entity2 /A.

title: [Early detection and treatment of XXXX with or without @entity4 : update].

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 cells (Treg) play a crucial role in maintaining control of leucocytes. Several studies have shown that in vivo Treg depletion results in @entity4 like @entity5 , @entity10 , @entity1 and @entity8 , but at the same time, may also result in improved anti- @entity0 vaccination. Although Treg are recognised to maintain peripheral tolerance in healthy individuals, recent research has shown that Treg also suppress immune responses during infections to prevent @entity9 . How the Treg themselves are regulated is still under investigation. Their suppressive activity must be regulated in order to allow for the effective elimination of pathogens. Until recently, this control of Treg function was found to be through modulation via cytokines or by stimulation via co-stimulatory molecules on antigen-presenting cells. It is now demonstrated, however, that the presence of pathogens can be communicated to Treg directly through toll-like receptors (TLRs). Up until now, Treg have been reported to respond to ligands for TLR2, 4, 5 and 8, and different TLRs can have alternative effects on Treg resulting in more suppression or, in contrast, abrogation of suppression. As TLRs can also recognise endogenous proteins, such as @entity6 proteins, it is tempting to speculate on the role of these proteins in modulating Treg function during chronic @entity2 . In this review, we will discuss the implications of TLR engagement on Treg and any consequences this may have for chronic @entity11 like @entity3 ( @entity3 ).

title: XXXX cells and toll-like receptors: regulating the regulators.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: High expression of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) induces subepithelial @entity2 associated with angiogenesis in @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity4 is recognized as a new candidate mediating airway remodeling. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the role of up-regulated @entity4 activity induced by @entity1 on airway remodeling in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: Levels of biochemical parameters in induced sputum were examined in 21 @entity6 @entity0 and 11 normal control subjects. RESULTS: @entity4 activity in induced sputum was significantly higher in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects: median, 3.67 U/mL; range, 1.15 to 10.2 U/mL; vs median, 1.26 U/mL; range, 0.93 to 2.42 U/mL (p < 0.0001). In contrast, protein C activity in induced sputum was lower in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects: median, 20%; range, 5 to 30%; vs 41%; range, 30 to 59% (p < 0.0001). @entity1 level in induced sputum was positively correlated with @entity4 activity in @entity6 @entity0 (r = 0.55, p = 0.02), while inversely correlated with protein C activity (r = - 0.57, p = 0.01). Levels of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), a major profibrotic factor, were also significantly higher in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects. Moreover, @entity4 activity was significantly correlated with @entity3 level in @entity6 @entity0 (r = 0.67, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Increase in @entity1 level leads to up-regulation of @entity4 activity in @entity6 airways, and this elevated @entity4 activity induces elevation of @entity3 level. It will become to be a new strategy of @entity5 therapy to attenuate @entity4 activity for the regulation of airway remodeling.

title: Up-regulation of @entity4 activity induced by XXXX in @entity6 airways.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: High expression of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) induces subepithelial @entity2 associated with angiogenesis in @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity4 is recognized as a new candidate mediating airway remodeling. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the role of up-regulated @entity4 activity induced by @entity1 on airway remodeling in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: Levels of biochemical parameters in induced sputum were examined in 21 @entity6 @entity0 and 11 normal control subjects. RESULTS: @entity4 activity in induced sputum was significantly higher in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects: median, 3.67 U/mL; range, 1.15 to 10.2 U/mL; vs median, 1.26 U/mL; range, 0.93 to 2.42 U/mL (p < 0.0001). In contrast, protein C activity in induced sputum was lower in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects: median, 20%; range, 5 to 30%; vs 41%; range, 30 to 59% (p < 0.0001). @entity1 level in induced sputum was positively correlated with @entity4 activity in @entity6 @entity0 (r = 0.55, p = 0.02), while inversely correlated with protein C activity (r = - 0.57, p = 0.01). Levels of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), a major profibrotic factor, were also significantly higher in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects. Moreover, @entity4 activity was significantly correlated with @entity3 level in @entity6 @entity0 (r = 0.67, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Increase in @entity1 level leads to up-regulation of @entity4 activity in @entity6 airways, and this elevated @entity4 activity induces elevation of @entity3 level. It will become to be a new strategy of @entity5 therapy to attenuate @entity4 activity for the regulation of airway remodeling.

title: Up-regulation of @entity4 activity induced by @entity1 in XXXX airways.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: High expression of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) induces subepithelial @entity2 associated with angiogenesis in @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity4 is recognized as a new candidate mediating airway remodeling. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the role of up-regulated @entity4 activity induced by @entity1 on airway remodeling in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: Levels of biochemical parameters in induced sputum were examined in 21 @entity6 @entity0 and 11 normal control subjects. RESULTS: @entity4 activity in induced sputum was significantly higher in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects: median, 3.67 U/mL; range, 1.15 to 10.2 U/mL; vs median, 1.26 U/mL; range, 0.93 to 2.42 U/mL (p < 0.0001). In contrast, protein C activity in induced sputum was lower in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects: median, 20%; range, 5 to 30%; vs 41%; range, 30 to 59% (p < 0.0001). @entity1 level in induced sputum was positively correlated with @entity4 activity in @entity6 @entity0 (r = 0.55, p = 0.02), while inversely correlated with protein C activity (r = - 0.57, p = 0.01). Levels of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), a major profibrotic factor, were also significantly higher in @entity6 @entity0 than in normal control subjects. Moreover, @entity4 activity was significantly correlated with @entity3 level in @entity6 @entity0 (r = 0.67, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Increase in @entity1 level leads to up-regulation of @entity4 activity in @entity6 airways, and this elevated @entity4 activity induces elevation of @entity3 level. It will become to be a new strategy of @entity5 therapy to attenuate @entity4 activity for the regulation of airway remodeling.

title: Up-regulation of XXXX activity induced by @entity1 in @entity6 airways.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid blockade for cesarean section still poses a threat of profound @entity4 and can result in unstable maternal and fetal hemodynamics. The correlation of fetal breech and vertex presentation with the occurrence of @entity4 under spinal anesthesia is reviewed in this retrospective, double-blind study. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study was conducted on pregnant females scheduled for a lower segment cesarean section between January 2014 and December 2014. After applying inclusion criteria, 568 @entity0 were recruited in the study out of which 363 had vertex and 184 @entity0 had breech presentation. They were divided into two groups, Group I and Group II. The monitoring and therapeutic data (blood pressure, heart rate, arterial @entity1 saturation, and dose of vasopressor/ @entity6 ) recovered from automated data analysis were analyzed retrospectively for prevalence of @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity4 with @entity5 and @entity2    @entity3 . RESULTS: Among Group I, prevalence of @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity4 together with @entity5 was 152 (41.83%) @entity0 , eight (2.20%) @entity0 , and seven (1.92%) @entity0 , respectively. In Group II, the prevalence of @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity4 with @entity5 was 93 (50.5%) @entity0 , five (2.71%) @entity0 , and six (3.2%) @entity0 , respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant for @entity4 . For Group I, 152 @entity0 (41.87%) experienced one, 23 @entity0 (6.33%) experienced two, and three @entity0 (0.82%) experienced three episodes of @entity4 . In Group II, 93 (50.5%), 19 (7.89%), and two (1.08%) @entity0 experienced such episodes. The difference was significant with respect of one and two episodes. The prevalence of intraoperative @entity2 was 11.01% (40 @entity0 ) in Group I, whereas 11.41% (21 @entity0 ) in Group II. Intraoperative @entity3 occurred in 19 @entity0 (5.23%) of Group I and 14 @entity0 (7.60%) of Group II. The height of the block was comparable in both the groups for T6, and the difference was significant in respect to T4 level. CONCLUSION: Incidence of @entity4 is more in pregnant females with @entity7 .

title: A retrospective study to correlate breech presentation and enhanced risk of XXXX during cesarean delivery.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the difference in use of hospital resources in the Finnish @entity1 ( @entity1 ) screening programme between those invited and controls, within the year of randomisation and the next year. DESIGN: @entity1 screening was implemented in Finland in 2004 as a population-based randomised design using biennial faecal occult blood test (FOBT) for @entity0 and @entity0 aged 60-69   years. Those randomised to screening and control groups during years 2004-2009 were included in this analysis and use of hospital resources was estimated. Data were collected from the national register on hospital discharges. Outpatient visits, inpatient episodes and colonoscopies were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The screening group comprised of 123   149 and control group of 122   930 @entity0 . Most @entity0 in both groups had not used hospital resources at all. More @entity0 in the screening group than in the control group had at least one hospital-based outpatient visit (7.8% vs 7.4%), inpatient episode (3.9% vs 3.8%) and colonoscopy (1.5% vs 1.3%). In total, the screening group had 31   975 and control group 27   061 cumulative outpatient visits, 9260 and 7903 inpatient episodes, and 2686 and 1756 hospital colonoscopies, respectively. The proportion of those with a positive FOBT result with at least one outpatient visit, one inpatient episode or one colonoscopy, was 3.7 times, 2.5 times or 9 times that of those with a negative FOBT result, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 screening using the FOBT slightly increased the volume of hospital outpatient visits, inpatient episodes and hospital colonoscopies in Finland.

title: Use of hospital resources in the Finnish XXXX screening programme: a randomised health services study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In placebo-controlled clinical trials, @entity3 has been shown to be effective and well-tolerated in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, @entity0 in registration trials may not be representative of @entity0 in clinical practice. This study sought to assess the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of @entity3 in diverse populations of outpatients with @entity2 . METHOD: This open-label study recruited out- @entity0 >=  18 years of age with DSM-IV @entity2 in primary care or @entity1 practice settings and treated them with @entity3 60 mg q.d. for 7 weeks. Primary outcome measures were (1) the physicianrated Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale, (2) the @entity0 -rated 28-item Somatic Symptom Inventory (SSI-28) average, and (3) the @entity0 -rated 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report. Quality of life, disability, and vital signs also were assessed. The first @entity0 visit was August 16, 2004. The last @entity0 visit was January 7, 2005. RESULTS: Of 3543 outpatients enrolled, 3431 received at least 1 dose of @entity3 , of whom 71.4% completed the study. Most @entity0 were Caucasian (90.8%) and female (75.4%); mean age was 48 years. @entity3 significantly (p < .001) improved all efficacy measures in all treated @entity0 as well as in subgroups based on gender, ethnic origin, age, and @entity0 care setting. Except for the SSI-28 average, all the efficacy measures were in favor of female gender and primary care subgroups. Overall, 10.8% of @entity0 discontinued due to adverse events. CONCLUSION: @entity3 60 mg q.d. was effective, regardless of gender, ethnic origin, age, and @entity0 care settings, in this 7-week open-label study and was well-tolerated in a diverse population of outpatients with @entity2 . CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00479726.

title: @entity3 in practice-based clinical settings: assessing effects on the emotional and physical symptoms of XXXX in an open-label, multicenter study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In placebo-controlled clinical trials, @entity3 has been shown to be effective and well-tolerated in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, @entity0 in registration trials may not be representative of @entity0 in clinical practice. This study sought to assess the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of @entity3 in diverse populations of outpatients with @entity2 . METHOD: This open-label study recruited out- @entity0 >=  18 years of age with DSM-IV @entity2 in primary care or @entity1 practice settings and treated them with @entity3 60 mg q.d. for 7 weeks. Primary outcome measures were (1) the physicianrated Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale, (2) the @entity0 -rated 28-item Somatic Symptom Inventory (SSI-28) average, and (3) the @entity0 -rated 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report. Quality of life, disability, and vital signs also were assessed. The first @entity0 visit was August 16, 2004. The last @entity0 visit was January 7, 2005. RESULTS: Of 3543 outpatients enrolled, 3431 received at least 1 dose of @entity3 , of whom 71.4% completed the study. Most @entity0 were Caucasian (90.8%) and female (75.4%); mean age was 48 years. @entity3 significantly (p < .001) improved all efficacy measures in all treated @entity0 as well as in subgroups based on gender, ethnic origin, age, and @entity0 care setting. Except for the SSI-28 average, all the efficacy measures were in favor of female gender and primary care subgroups. Overall, 10.8% of @entity0 discontinued due to adverse events. CONCLUSION: @entity3 60 mg q.d. was effective, regardless of gender, ethnic origin, age, and @entity0 care settings, in this 7-week open-label study and was well-tolerated in a diverse population of outpatients with @entity2 . CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00479726.

title: XXXX in practice-based clinical settings: assessing effects on the emotional and physical symptoms of @entity2 in an open-label, multicenter study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. PURPOSE: To assess the effect of non-kyphotic aligned congenital C3-4 @entity6 on the adjacent segment in 10 @entity0 . OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: In the cervical spine, fusion disease at the adjacent motion segments may be a risk factor for potential neurological compromise and @entity3 . METHODS: Radiograms of 10 @entity0 13 to 69 years of age presenting with neck/shoulder discomfort or @entity2 with or without @entity1 history were examined. C3-4 @entity6 was found incidentally in all @entity0 on routine examination radiographs of cervical spine. RESULTS: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was not found in the three @entity0 younger than 39 years of age. Five of the 10 (50%) @entity0 , including a 67-year-old @entity0 , did not develop @entity5 in any of the cervical mobile segments. Spondylosis was observed only in the caudal 1-2 mobile segments in the remaining five @entity0 . The youngest was a 40-year-old male who had @entity5 in the two caudal mobile segments (C4-5 and @entity7 ). Spondylosis was limited to the two close caudal mobile segments and was not in the cranial segments. Flaring of the lower part of synostotic vertebra associated with advanced narrowed degenerate disc was evident in five @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Mobile segment @entity5 in the individuals with congenital monosegment C3-4 @entity6 over age of 40 years may be a natural manifestation of aging and is not solely an adjacent segment disease directly and fully related with congenital C3-4 @entity6 .

title: Radiological Assessment of the Effect of Congenital C3-4 XXXX on Adjacent Segments.

answer: @entity6


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: The study was conducted on @entity0 who received autologous conditioned serum (ACS) as a line of treatment at the Orthopedics outpatient department of Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER, Chandigarh) from January 2011 to June 2012. Of the 1,224 @entity0 , 20 males or females were included in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The institutional board of PGIMER approved the study before it was initiated. PURPOSE: To study the efficacy of ACS in the treatment of @entity2 . OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: @entity4 appears to be of special importance among the cytokines identified in orthopedic diseases. ACS contains high concentrations of @entity5 , antagonist to IL-1 in that is a biochemical 'sensitizer' of nerve roots in @entity2 . METHODS: We included 20 @entity0 with @entity2 after obtaining informed consent. We prepared ACS as described by Meijer et al. Under bi-planar fluoroscopic imaging in anterior-posterior and lateral views, ACS was administered via epidural perineural technique. @entity0 in both groups were evaluated by quadruple visual analogue scale, straight leg raising test, revised @entity3 index, and 12-Item Short Form of Health Survey before and after epidural injections at 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant change in all parameters from pre-injection to first, second, and third follow-up (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ACS can modify the disease course in addition to reducing @entity1 , disability and improving general health.

title: Autologous Conditioned Serum as a Novel Alternative Option in the Treatment of XXXX : A Prospective Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity8 ( @entity8 ) is a rare autosomal recessive connective tissue disease, characterized by widespread arterial involvement with elongation, tortuosity, and @entity6 of the large and middle-sized arteries. Recently, @entity9 mutations were identified in this condition. This gene encodes the @entity5 transporter @entity9 and was previously suggested as a candidate gene for @entity1 . A total of 12 newly identified @entity8 families with 16 affected individuals were clinically and molecularly characterized. In addition, extensive cardiovascular imaging and @entity5 tolerance tests were performed in both @entity0 and heterozygous carriers. All 16 @entity0 harbor biallelic @entity9 mutations of which nine are novel (six missense, three truncating mutations, including a large deletion). Haplotype analysis suggests founder effects for all five recurrent mutations. Remarkably, @entity0 were significantly older than those previously reported in the literature (P=0.04). Only one affected relative died, most likely of an unrelated cause. Although the natural history of @entity8 in this series was less severe than previously reported, it does indicate a risk for @entity2 events. Two @entity0 initially presented with @entity3 , respectively at age 8 months and 23 years. Tortuosity of the aorta or large arteries was invariably present. Two adult probands (aged 23 and 35 years) had @entity4 , seven @entity0 had localized arterial stenoses, and five had long stenotic stretches of the aorta. Heterozygous carriers did not show any @entity7 . @entity5 metabolism was normal in six @entity0 and eight heterozygous individuals of five families. As such, overt @entity1 is not related to @entity9 mutations associated with @entity8 .

title: XXXX : clinical and molecular findings in 12 newly identified families.

answer: @entity8


abstract: An apparently new syndrome of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity4 , and @entity6 was described by Gripp et al. 1996. The authors reported on two unrelated @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity7 , distinctive facial appearance, @entity6 , postnatal @entity4 , and skeletal changes. We report on two additional @entity0 with findings most similar to the reported @entity0 by Gripp et al. 1996, including bilateral @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity2 . Both of the @entity0 reported herein had chromosome microarray analysis, which showed normal results in @entity0 2 but abnormal results in @entity0 1 and his mother who both had a chromosome 11q25 subtelomere deletion. @entity0 1 and his mother's findings are atypical for the common findings reported in @entity9 (11q terminal deletion syndrome), and consistent with the @entity0 reported by Gripp et al. 1996. The etiology for these cases has been unknown. The microarray results on @entity0 1 suggest that the other @entity0 with findings of @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity7 , and similar craniofacial features may have either a microdeletion of chromosome 11q terminal region or haploinsufficiency of a gene localized to this region.

title: Syndrome of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity4 , and XXXX : two additional cases.

answer: @entity6


abstract: An apparently new syndrome of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity4 , and @entity6 was described by Gripp et al. 1996. The authors reported on two unrelated @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity7 , distinctive facial appearance, @entity6 , postnatal @entity4 , and skeletal changes. We report on two additional @entity0 with findings most similar to the reported @entity0 by Gripp et al. 1996, including bilateral @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity2 . Both of the @entity0 reported herein had chromosome microarray analysis, which showed normal results in @entity0 2 but abnormal results in @entity0 1 and his mother who both had a chromosome 11q25 subtelomere deletion. @entity0 1 and his mother's findings are atypical for the common findings reported in @entity9 (11q terminal deletion syndrome), and consistent with the @entity0 reported by Gripp et al. 1996. The etiology for these cases has been unknown. The microarray results on @entity0 1 suggest that the other @entity0 with findings of @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity7 , and similar craniofacial features may have either a microdeletion of chromosome 11q terminal region or haploinsufficiency of a gene localized to this region.

title: Syndrome of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity10 , XXXX , and @entity6 : two additional cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: An apparently new syndrome of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity4 , and @entity6 was described by Gripp et al. 1996. The authors reported on two unrelated @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity7 , distinctive facial appearance, @entity6 , postnatal @entity4 , and skeletal changes. We report on two additional @entity0 with findings most similar to the reported @entity0 by Gripp et al. 1996, including bilateral @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity2 . Both of the @entity0 reported herein had chromosome microarray analysis, which showed normal results in @entity0 2 but abnormal results in @entity0 1 and his mother who both had a chromosome 11q25 subtelomere deletion. @entity0 1 and his mother's findings are atypical for the common findings reported in @entity9 (11q terminal deletion syndrome), and consistent with the @entity0 reported by Gripp et al. 1996. The etiology for these cases has been unknown. The microarray results on @entity0 1 suggest that the other @entity0 with findings of @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity7 , and similar craniofacial features may have either a microdeletion of chromosome 11q terminal region or haploinsufficiency of a gene localized to this region.

title: Syndrome of XXXX , @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity4 , and @entity6 : two additional cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An apparently new syndrome of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity4 , and @entity6 was described by Gripp et al. 1996. The authors reported on two unrelated @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity7 , distinctive facial appearance, @entity6 , postnatal @entity4 , and skeletal changes. We report on two additional @entity0 with findings most similar to the reported @entity0 by Gripp et al. 1996, including bilateral @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity2 . Both of the @entity0 reported herein had chromosome microarray analysis, which showed normal results in @entity0 2 but abnormal results in @entity0 1 and his mother who both had a chromosome 11q25 subtelomere deletion. @entity0 1 and his mother's findings are atypical for the common findings reported in @entity9 (11q terminal deletion syndrome), and consistent with the @entity0 reported by Gripp et al. 1996. The etiology for these cases has been unknown. The microarray results on @entity0 1 suggest that the other @entity0 with findings of @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity7 , and similar craniofacial features may have either a microdeletion of chromosome 11q terminal region or haploinsufficiency of a gene localized to this region.

title: Syndrome of @entity1 , @entity7 , XXXX , @entity4 , and @entity6 : two additional cases.

answer: @entity10


abstract: An apparently new syndrome of @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity4 , and @entity6 was described by Gripp et al. 1996. The authors reported on two unrelated @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity7 , distinctive facial appearance, @entity6 , postnatal @entity4 , and skeletal changes. We report on two additional @entity0 with findings most similar to the reported @entity0 by Gripp et al. 1996, including bilateral @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity2 . Both of the @entity0 reported herein had chromosome microarray analysis, which showed normal results in @entity0 2 but abnormal results in @entity0 1 and his mother who both had a chromosome 11q25 subtelomere deletion. @entity0 1 and his mother's findings are atypical for the common findings reported in @entity9 (11q terminal deletion syndrome), and consistent with the @entity0 reported by Gripp et al. 1996. The etiology for these cases has been unknown. The microarray results on @entity0 1 suggest that the other @entity0 with findings of @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity7 , and similar craniofacial features may have either a microdeletion of chromosome 11q terminal region or haploinsufficiency of a gene localized to this region.

title: Syndrome of @entity1 , XXXX , @entity10 , @entity4 , and @entity6 : two additional cases.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Bolus infusion (BI) recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) administration is safe and effective in the surgical management of @entity1 @entity0 with inhibitors but has not been compared directly with continuous infusion (CI). We conducted an open-label, randomized, multicenter trial comparing the efficacy and safety of rFVIIa administered by BI or CI for the surgical management of @entity1 or B @entity0 with inhibitors to @entity3 or @entity4 . Safety was compared with that of a control group of non-inhibitor @entity0 receiving @entity3 or @entity4 concentrates for major surgery. All inhibitor subjects received an initial bolus dose of 90 microg/kg rFVIIa and were then randomly assigned to BI (n = 12) or CI (n = 12). The BI group received 90 microg/kg rFVIIa every two hours (h) during surgery through day 5, then every four hours for days 6-10. The CI group received 50 microg/kg/h rFVIIa through day 5, then 25 mg/kg/h for days 6-10. The control group (n = 12) received @entity3 or @entity4 per institutional protocols. Twenty-two major surgeries included orthopedic procedures on the knee (n = 13), hip (n = 3), and abdominal/pelvis procedures (n = 4). One @entity0 with an autoimmune @entity3 inhibitor randomized to the BI arm was excluded from efficacy analysis. Haemostatic efficacy of rFVIIa in each group was comparable: effective in 8/11 and 9/12 subjects in the BI and CI arms, respectively, and ineffective in three subjects in each arm. Serious adverse events were related to continued or increased @entity2 . In conclusion, haemostatic efficacy and safety of BI and CI of rFVIIa are comparable for the surgical management of @entity1 subjects with inhibitors.

title: Haemostatic efficacy and safety of bolus and continuous infusion of recombinant factor VIIa are comparable in XXXX @entity0 with inhibitors undergoing major surgery. Results from an open-label, randomized, multicenter trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Bolus infusion (BI) recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) administration is safe and effective in the surgical management of @entity1 @entity0 with inhibitors but has not been compared directly with continuous infusion (CI). We conducted an open-label, randomized, multicenter trial comparing the efficacy and safety of rFVIIa administered by BI or CI for the surgical management of @entity1 or B @entity0 with inhibitors to @entity3 or @entity4 . Safety was compared with that of a control group of non-inhibitor @entity0 receiving @entity3 or @entity4 concentrates for major surgery. All inhibitor subjects received an initial bolus dose of 90 microg/kg rFVIIa and were then randomly assigned to BI (n = 12) or CI (n = 12). The BI group received 90 microg/kg rFVIIa every two hours (h) during surgery through day 5, then every four hours for days 6-10. The CI group received 50 microg/kg/h rFVIIa through day 5, then 25 mg/kg/h for days 6-10. The control group (n = 12) received @entity3 or @entity4 per institutional protocols. Twenty-two major surgeries included orthopedic procedures on the knee (n = 13), hip (n = 3), and abdominal/pelvis procedures (n = 4). One @entity0 with an autoimmune @entity3 inhibitor randomized to the BI arm was excluded from efficacy analysis. Haemostatic efficacy of rFVIIa in each group was comparable: effective in 8/11 and 9/12 subjects in the BI and CI arms, respectively, and ineffective in three subjects in each arm. Serious adverse events were related to continued or increased @entity2 . In conclusion, haemostatic efficacy and safety of BI and CI of rFVIIa are comparable for the surgical management of @entity1 subjects with inhibitors.

title: Haemostatic efficacy and safety of bolus and continuous infusion of recombinant factor VIIa are comparable in @entity1 XXXX with inhibitors undergoing major surgery. Results from an open-label, randomized, multicenter trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Approximately 9 to 15% @entity1 occur in the sellar or suprasellar region. The optimal management of symptomatic @entity2 continues to pose a challenge to neurosurgeons. This case report describes a @entity0 with a suprasellar @entity1 who presented at the age of 3 and was followed for 20 years after cystoventriculostomy. A @entity0 was referred to neurosurgery department by a pediatric clinic because computed tomography demonstrated a suprasellar @entity3 . The neurological examination and all routine blood tests including hormone profiles were normal. The physical examination was unremarkable except premature thelarche. Stereotactic ventriculocystostomy was performed using a catheter providing permanent internal drainage. Postoperative cystoventriculography showed contrast medium in both the cyst and the ventricles. Control computed tomography confirmed that the ventricular cyst catheter was within the cyst. During a follow-up of 20 years, signs of @entity4 disappeared and the @entity0 showed normal sexual development. Endocrine profiles and visual function remained normal. The stereotactic approach to suprasellar @entity1 is a safe procedure in experienced hands.

title: Suprasellar XXXX : a 20- year follow-up after stereotactic internal drainage: case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe mesial temporal lobe ablated volumes, verbal memory, and surgical outcomes in @entity0 with medically intractable mesial @entity2 (mTLE) treated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided stereotactic laser interstitial thermal therapy (LiTT). METHODS: We prospectively tracked @entity1 outcome in 20 @entity0 at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital with drug-resistant mTLE who underwent MRI-guided LiTT from December 2011 to December 2014. Surgical outcome was assessed at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and at the most recent visit. Volume-based analysis of ablated mesial temporal structures was conducted in 17 @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and results were compared between the @entity1 -free and not @entity1 -free groups. RESULTS: Following LiTT, proportions of @entity0 who were free of @entity1 impairing @entity3 (including those with auras only) are as follows: 8 of 15 @entity0 (53%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 30.1-75.2%) after 6 months, 4 of 11 @entity0 (36.4%, 95% CI 14.9-64.8%) after 1 year, 3 of 5 @entity0 (60%, 95% CI 22.9-88.4%) at 2-year follow-up. Median follow-up was 13.4 months after LiTT (range 1.3 months to 3.2 years). @entity1 outcome after LiTT suggests an all or none response. Four @entity0 had anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) after LiTT; three are @entity1 -free. There were no differences in total ablated volume of the amygdalohippocampus complex or individual volumes of hippocampus, amygdala, entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus between @entity1 -free and non- @entity1 -free @entity0 . Contextual verbal memory performance was preserved after LiTT, although decline in noncontextual memory task scores were noted. SIGNIFICANCE: We conclude that MRI-guided stereotactic LiTT is a safe alternative to ATL in @entity0 with medically intractable mTLE. Individualized assessment is warranted to determine whether the reduced odds of @entity1 freedom are worth the reduction in risk, discomfort, and recovery time. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm our preliminary findings, and to define optimal ablation volume and ideal structures for ablation.

title: Laser interstitial thermal therapy for medically intractable mesial XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, ESR was reported to have a useful diagnostic value in detecting @entity1 . The test has been performed in a limited number of @entity0 . This laboratory parameter is simple and could be routinely performed in developing countries where @entity1 and its complication are increasingly being encountered. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in differentiating @entity1 from @entity2 , and to compare its diagnostic value with other hematological indices. METHODS: In a one-year prospective study, forty -three adult @entity1 @entity0 with foot ulcers were assessed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital Diabetes Center Riyadh from 1st January to 31st December 2005. ESR was compared with other hematological profiles in differentiating @entity3 from @entity2 . RESULTS: ESR, white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count, and red cell distribution width (RDW) were higher in @entity0 with @entity3 than in @entity0 with @entity2 (p<0.0001 for ESR; others p<0.05). In contrast, haematocrit and haemoglobin levels were lower in @entity0 with @entity3 than in @entity0 with @entity2 (p<0.0001). Overall, the efficiency of the haematological parameters in correctly diagnosing @entity1 from @entity2 was highest for ESR > 70 mm/hr (92%), followed by haematocrit < 36% (89%), haemoglobin < 12 g/dl (85%), platelet count > 400x10(9) (69%), RDW > 14.5 (65%), and WBC >11x10(9) (63%). CONCLUSION: It is concluded that of the haematological parameters, ESR has the best diagnostic discrimination between @entity1 from @entity2 . Further studies on larger population in this environment are however indicated.

title: XXXX : usefulness of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in its diagnosis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentration and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We systematically searched Pubmed, Medline and Embase databases up to September, 2014 for the relevant studies. Heterogeneity across studies was evaluated by Cochran's Q test and I2 statistic. The standard mean difference (SMD) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were combined to evaluate the effect size. Sensitivity analysis was also performed by omitting each study to evaluate the stability of the results. In addition, publication bias was tested by Egger's test. RESULTS: A total of 11 studies containing 1 331 cases and 1 779 controls were included in this study. Significant heterogeneities were observed in our results. The result of meta-analysis showed that the hs-CRP concentrations in @entity4 @entity0 were significantly higher than that in controls of healthy @entity0 and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 without @entity2 . In addition, the hs-CRP concentration in macroalbuminuria (D3) group was significantly higher than that in microalbuminuria (D2) group and non- @entity3 group (D1). Sensitivity analysis revealed that the results were stable. As well, no publication bias was observed in our results. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that hs-CRP concentration can be an indicator of @entity4 in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: The association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration and XXXX : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 (PQ) has been implicated as a risk factor for the @entity2 phenotype (PDP) in @entity0 and @entity1 using epidemiologic or experimental approaches. The toxicokinetics (TK) and toxicodynamics (TD) of PQ in the brain are not well understood. OBJECTIVES: The TK and TD of PQ in brain were measured after single or repeated doses. METHODS: Brain regions were analyzed for PQ levels, amount of lipid peroxidation, and functional activity of the 20S proteasome. RESULTS: @entity4 (10 mg/kg, ip) was found to be persistent in @entity1 ventral midbrain (VM) with an apparent half-life of approximately 28 days and was cumulative with a linear pattern between one and five doses. PQ was also absorbed orally with a concentration in brain rising linearly after single doses between 10 and 50 mg/kg. The level of tissue lipid @entity3 (LPO) was differentially elevated in three regions, being highest in VM, lower in striatum (STR), and least in frontal cortex (FCtx), with the earliest significant elevation detected at 1 day. An elevated level of LPO was still present in VM after 28 days. Despite the cumulative tissue levels of PQ after one, three, and five doses, the level of LPO was not further increased. The activity of the 20S proteasome in the striatum was altered after a single dose and reduced after five doses. CONCLUSIONS: These data have implications for PQ as a risk factor in @entity0 and in rodent models of the PDP.

title: Prolonged toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of XXXX in @entity1 brain.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 (PQ) has been implicated as a risk factor for the @entity2 phenotype (PDP) in @entity0 and @entity1 using epidemiologic or experimental approaches. The toxicokinetics (TK) and toxicodynamics (TD) of PQ in the brain are not well understood. OBJECTIVES: The TK and TD of PQ in brain were measured after single or repeated doses. METHODS: Brain regions were analyzed for PQ levels, amount of lipid peroxidation, and functional activity of the 20S proteasome. RESULTS: @entity4 (10 mg/kg, ip) was found to be persistent in @entity1 ventral midbrain (VM) with an apparent half-life of approximately 28 days and was cumulative with a linear pattern between one and five doses. PQ was also absorbed orally with a concentration in brain rising linearly after single doses between 10 and 50 mg/kg. The level of tissue lipid @entity3 (LPO) was differentially elevated in three regions, being highest in VM, lower in striatum (STR), and least in frontal cortex (FCtx), with the earliest significant elevation detected at 1 day. An elevated level of LPO was still present in VM after 28 days. Despite the cumulative tissue levels of PQ after one, three, and five doses, the level of LPO was not further increased. The activity of the 20S proteasome in the striatum was altered after a single dose and reduced after five doses. CONCLUSIONS: These data have implications for PQ as a risk factor in @entity0 and in rodent models of the PDP.

title: Prolonged toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics of @entity4 in XXXX brain.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent health problem, and natural effective therapeutic approaches are required to prevent its occurrence. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds with estrogenic activities; they can bind to both @entity2 receptors alpha and beta and mimic the action of @entity2 on target organs. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of soy-derived phytoestrogens on energy balance and metabolism. METHODS: Male outbred @entity0 ( @entity4 ) were allowed ad libitum access to either a high soy-containing diet or a soy-free diet from conception to adulthood. We measured circulating serum @entity6 levels using reverse-phase solid-phase extraction for subsequent liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Adult animals were analyzed for body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, locomotor activity by running-wheel experiments, respiratory exchange rate by indirect calorimetry, and food intake using metabolic cages. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide genes. RESULTS: We found that adult @entity0 fed a soy-rich diet had reduced body weight, @entity3 , and resistance to cold. This lean phenotype was associated with an increase in lipid oxidation due to a preferential use of lipids as fuel source and an @entity5 . The modulation of energy balance was associated with a central effect of phytoestrogens on the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides, including agouti-related protein. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that dietary soy could have beneficial effects on @entity1 , but they also emphasize the importance of monitoring the phytoestrogen content of diets as a parameter of variability in animal experiments.

title: A phytoestrogen-rich diet increases energy expenditure and decreases XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is an increasingly prevalent health problem, and natural effective therapeutic approaches are required to prevent its occurrence. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds with estrogenic activities; they can bind to both @entity2 receptors alpha and beta and mimic the action of @entity2 on target organs. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of soy-derived phytoestrogens on energy balance and metabolism. METHODS: Male outbred @entity0 ( @entity4 ) were allowed ad libitum access to either a high soy-containing diet or a soy-free diet from conception to adulthood. We measured circulating serum @entity6 levels using reverse-phase solid-phase extraction for subsequent liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Adult animals were analyzed for body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, locomotor activity by running-wheel experiments, respiratory exchange rate by indirect calorimetry, and food intake using metabolic cages. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptide genes. RESULTS: We found that adult @entity0 fed a soy-rich diet had reduced body weight, @entity3 , and resistance to cold. This lean phenotype was associated with an increase in lipid oxidation due to a preferential use of lipids as fuel source and an @entity5 . The modulation of energy balance was associated with a central effect of phytoestrogens on the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides, including agouti-related protein. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that dietary soy could have beneficial effects on @entity1 , but they also emphasize the importance of monitoring the phytoestrogen content of diets as a parameter of variability in animal experiments.

title: A phytoestrogen-rich diet increases energy expenditure and decreases @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Parenteral nutrition constitutes a life-saving therapeutic tool in @entity0 unable to ingest/absorb oral or enteral delivered nutrients. Liver function tests abnormalities are a common therapy-related complication, thus configuring the so-called Parenteral Nutrition Associated @entity3 (PNALD) or @entity4 (PNAC). Although the damage is frequently mild, and resolves after discontinuation of parenteral nutrition, in some cases it progresses into cirrhotic changes, especially in neonates and @entity0 . We present a literature review focusing on the pathogenetic mechanisms-driven prevention and therapies for the cases where parenteral nutrition cannot be discontinued. @entity7 has been proposed in @entity0 with @entity4 , but its efficacy needs to be better established. Little evidence is available on efficacy of anti-oxidants, antibiotics, probiotics and anti @entity2 . Lipid emulsions based on fish oil with a high content of long-chain @entity6   -3 appear effective both in @entity1 and in improving biliary flow. Most recent promising variations such as @entity5 /MCT/olive/fish oil emulsion [third generation lipid emulsion (SMOFlipid)] are under investigation. In conclusion, we remark the emergence of a number of novel pathomechanisms underlying the severe @entity3 (PNALD and PNAC) in @entity0 treated with parenteral nutrition. Only few traditional and innovative therapeutic strategies have hitherto been shown promising.

title: Pediatric parenteral nutrition-associated @entity3 and XXXX : Novel advances in pathomechanisms-based prevention and treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Parenteral nutrition constitutes a life-saving therapeutic tool in @entity0 unable to ingest/absorb oral or enteral delivered nutrients. Liver function tests abnormalities are a common therapy-related complication, thus configuring the so-called Parenteral Nutrition Associated @entity3 (PNALD) or @entity4 (PNAC). Although the damage is frequently mild, and resolves after discontinuation of parenteral nutrition, in some cases it progresses into cirrhotic changes, especially in neonates and @entity0 . We present a literature review focusing on the pathogenetic mechanisms-driven prevention and therapies for the cases where parenteral nutrition cannot be discontinued. @entity7 has been proposed in @entity0 with @entity4 , but its efficacy needs to be better established. Little evidence is available on efficacy of anti-oxidants, antibiotics, probiotics and anti @entity2 . Lipid emulsions based on fish oil with a high content of long-chain @entity6   -3 appear effective both in @entity1 and in improving biliary flow. Most recent promising variations such as @entity5 /MCT/olive/fish oil emulsion [third generation lipid emulsion (SMOFlipid)] are under investigation. In conclusion, we remark the emergence of a number of novel pathomechanisms underlying the severe @entity3 (PNALD and PNAC) in @entity0 treated with parenteral nutrition. Only few traditional and innovative therapeutic strategies have hitherto been shown promising.

title: Pediatric parenteral nutrition-associated XXXX and @entity4 : Novel advances in pathomechanisms-based prevention and treatment.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3 constitute a major medical problem leading to increased morbidity and mortality of @entity0 . Besides prolongation of length of hospital stay, hospital mortality attributable to those @entity2 is often the quantity of interest when describing their impact and consequences. Since occurrence of @entity3 is a time-dynamic process, estimation of this quantity might be hampered by that fact. A general framework shall be developed for defining and estimating attributable mortality that in addition is taking discharge of @entity0 as competing risk and potential censoring of observation time into account. METHODS: Since the term "attributable mortality" is used in a variety of meanings we first review basic definitions; the quantities of interest are then derived in terms of transition probabilities arising in a suitably defined multistate model that allows straightforward estimation and interpretation. Bootstrap resampling is used to calculate corresponding standard errors and confidence intervals. RESULTS: The methodology is applied to the data of the SIR-3 study, a prospective cohort study on the incidence of @entity3 in intensive care unit @entity0 . Occurrence of @entity1 is shown to be associated with increased mortality; the population-attributable fraction is estimated as 7.7% (95% confidence interval: 2.6-12.8%) for an observation period of 120 days. CONCLUSION: Attributable mortality is an important risk measure in epidemiology. If risk exposure is time dependent, multistate models provide an easily understandable framework to define and estimate attributable mortality. The approach is capable of handling competing events, which are omnipresent in clinical research and censoring.

title: Attributable mortality due to XXXX . A simple and useful application of multistate models.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The family histories of 130 individuals with documented @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (caused by mutations in mismatch-repair (MMR) genes @entity10 (n = 64), @entity12 (n = 62) or @entity11 (n = 4)) were obtained, and incidence of @entity1 in those families was compared to that in the general population. There were a total of 982 @entity1 in 723 individuals. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was the commonest type (64% and 55% in individuals from families with germline @entity12 and @entity10 mutations respectively). Median age at diagnosis of first @entity2 in @entity11 mutation families was 59 years compared to 45 years in both @entity12 and @entity10 mutation families. The relative risk (RR) of @entity7 was 55 in @entity10 mutation families, compared with 27 in @entity12 mutation families, and 37 in @entity11 mutation families; median age at diagnosis 49 years. Even within @entity10 families, @entity7 tended to cluster, with 28 of the 58 cases coming from families with three or more cases (P < 0.001). Absolute risk of @entity7 in @entity12 families was still greater than any other @entity1 (other than @entity2 ). 5% of @entity1 in both @entity12 and @entity10 mutation families were gastric (RR = 12); 53% of these were diagnosed before 50 years. Seven cases of small @entity1 occurred in @entity10 and @entity12 mutation families (RR = 26). There were 13 cases of @entity9 ; all were in @entity10 families. These @entity1 tended to cluster within families (P < 0.001); three of seven families with @entity1 had such cases in two or more individuals; two others had @entity5 . @entity3 (70%) were in @entity10 mutation families and 70% of these were diagnosed before age 50 years. There were 9 cases of sebaceous @entity8 , 3 in two @entity12 and 6 in four @entity10 mutation families. Of 22 @entity6 , 14 were known to be diagnosed before 60 years. @entity0 RR was 1.7 overall. The type of mutation (truncating or other type, and site of mutation) showed no obvious correlation with the presence or @entity4 in families.

title: Gene-related @entity1 spectrum in families with XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: The family histories of 130 individuals with documented @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (caused by mutations in mismatch-repair (MMR) genes @entity10 (n = 64), @entity12 (n = 62) or @entity11 (n = 4)) were obtained, and incidence of @entity1 in those families was compared to that in the general population. There were a total of 982 @entity1 in 723 individuals. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was the commonest type (64% and 55% in individuals from families with germline @entity12 and @entity10 mutations respectively). Median age at diagnosis of first @entity2 in @entity11 mutation families was 59 years compared to 45 years in both @entity12 and @entity10 mutation families. The relative risk (RR) of @entity7 was 55 in @entity10 mutation families, compared with 27 in @entity12 mutation families, and 37 in @entity11 mutation families; median age at diagnosis 49 years. Even within @entity10 families, @entity7 tended to cluster, with 28 of the 58 cases coming from families with three or more cases (P < 0.001). Absolute risk of @entity7 in @entity12 families was still greater than any other @entity1 (other than @entity2 ). 5% of @entity1 in both @entity12 and @entity10 mutation families were gastric (RR = 12); 53% of these were diagnosed before 50 years. Seven cases of small @entity1 occurred in @entity10 and @entity12 mutation families (RR = 26). There were 13 cases of @entity9 ; all were in @entity10 families. These @entity1 tended to cluster within families (P < 0.001); three of seven families with @entity1 had such cases in two or more individuals; two others had @entity5 . @entity3 (70%) were in @entity10 mutation families and 70% of these were diagnosed before age 50 years. There were 9 cases of sebaceous @entity8 , 3 in two @entity12 and 6 in four @entity10 mutation families. Of 22 @entity6 , 14 were known to be diagnosed before 60 years. @entity0 RR was 1.7 overall. The type of mutation (truncating or other type, and site of mutation) showed no obvious correlation with the presence or @entity4 in families.

title: Gene-related @entity1 spectrum in families with @entity2 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: The family histories of 130 individuals with documented @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (caused by mutations in mismatch-repair (MMR) genes @entity10 (n = 64), @entity12 (n = 62) or @entity11 (n = 4)) were obtained, and incidence of @entity1 in those families was compared to that in the general population. There were a total of 982 @entity1 in 723 individuals. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was the commonest type (64% and 55% in individuals from families with germline @entity12 and @entity10 mutations respectively). Median age at diagnosis of first @entity2 in @entity11 mutation families was 59 years compared to 45 years in both @entity12 and @entity10 mutation families. The relative risk (RR) of @entity7 was 55 in @entity10 mutation families, compared with 27 in @entity12 mutation families, and 37 in @entity11 mutation families; median age at diagnosis 49 years. Even within @entity10 families, @entity7 tended to cluster, with 28 of the 58 cases coming from families with three or more cases (P < 0.001). Absolute risk of @entity7 in @entity12 families was still greater than any other @entity1 (other than @entity2 ). 5% of @entity1 in both @entity12 and @entity10 mutation families were gastric (RR = 12); 53% of these were diagnosed before 50 years. Seven cases of small @entity1 occurred in @entity10 and @entity12 mutation families (RR = 26). There were 13 cases of @entity9 ; all were in @entity10 families. These @entity1 tended to cluster within families (P < 0.001); three of seven families with @entity1 had such cases in two or more individuals; two others had @entity5 . @entity3 (70%) were in @entity10 mutation families and 70% of these were diagnosed before age 50 years. There were 9 cases of sebaceous @entity8 , 3 in two @entity12 and 6 in four @entity10 mutation families. Of 22 @entity6 , 14 were known to be diagnosed before 60 years. @entity0 RR was 1.7 overall. The type of mutation (truncating or other type, and site of mutation) showed no obvious correlation with the presence or @entity4 in families.

title: Gene-related XXXX spectrum in families with @entity2 ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are several published clinical trials of the use of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) in an obstetric setting, but no consensus on its use or guidelines for management. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of @entity5 in reducing @entity1 when given prior to cesarean delivery. We performed a systematic search in electronic databases. We included all randomized controlled trials comparing the use of @entity5 prior to cesarean delivery with controls (either placebo or no treatment). RESULTS: Nine trials with 2365 @entity0 were included in the analysis. @entity0 who received @entity5 had significantly less postpartum @entity1 , a lower drop in hemoglobin and a lower incidence of postpartum @entity3 and severe postpartum @entity3 compared with controls. Moreover, the number of @entity0 who needed additional uterotonic agents was significantly lower in the @entity5 group than in controls. The percentage of @entity0 who required blood transfusions at, or immediately after, cesareans was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the controls. There was no difference in the incidence of @entity6 events in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic @entity5 given before cesarean skin incision in @entity0 undergoing cesarean delivery, under spinal or epidural anesthesia, significantly decreases @entity1 , including postpartum @entity3 and severe postpartum @entity3 , in addition to the standard prophylactic @entity2 given after delivery of the neonate. The effect of @entity5 on @entity6 events and mortality as well as its use in high-risk @entity0 should be investigated further.

title: XXXX for preventing postpartum @entity1 after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are several published clinical trials of the use of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) in an obstetric setting, but no consensus on its use or guidelines for management. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of @entity5 in reducing @entity1 when given prior to cesarean delivery. We performed a systematic search in electronic databases. We included all randomized controlled trials comparing the use of @entity5 prior to cesarean delivery with controls (either placebo or no treatment). RESULTS: Nine trials with 2365 @entity0 were included in the analysis. @entity0 who received @entity5 had significantly less postpartum @entity1 , a lower drop in hemoglobin and a lower incidence of postpartum @entity3 and severe postpartum @entity3 compared with controls. Moreover, the number of @entity0 who needed additional uterotonic agents was significantly lower in the @entity5 group than in controls. The percentage of @entity0 who required blood transfusions at, or immediately after, cesareans was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the controls. There was no difference in the incidence of @entity6 events in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic @entity5 given before cesarean skin incision in @entity0 undergoing cesarean delivery, under spinal or epidural anesthesia, significantly decreases @entity1 , including postpartum @entity3 and severe postpartum @entity3 , in addition to the standard prophylactic @entity2 given after delivery of the neonate. The effect of @entity5 on @entity6 events and mortality as well as its use in high-risk @entity0 should be investigated further.

title: @entity4 for preventing postpartum XXXX after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mean platelet component (MPC) is a new platelet variable, measured by modern commercial complete blood count analyzers, that is reduced during platelet activation in @entity0 and small animals. HYPOTHESIS: MPC decreases in @entity4 with clinical conditions that cause platelet activation and @entity6 ( @entity6 ). ANIMALS: We obtained 418 CBCs from 100 sick and 20 healthy neonates and 178 sick and 45 sound adult @entity4 . Sick neonates were classified into septic and nonseptic, and @entity6 and non- @entity6 groups. Adults were grouped by diagnoses (systemic inflammatory disorders, @entity2 , and @entity3 ). METHODS: MPC together with platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, and platelet component distribution width were measured with a commercial analyzer and compared between the different disease and control groups in neonates and in adults. RESULTS: MPC values were significantly lower in the septic and nonseptic neonates (24.0 +/- 3.5 g/dL and 26.6 +/- 2.6 g/dL, respectively) than in the control group (28.1 +/- 1.7 g/dL). Neonates with @entity6 had the lowest MPC values (23.8 +/- 6.3 g/dL). MPC values in adult @entity4 were significantly lower in the inflammatory (23.5 +/- 4.7 g/dL), @entity2 (23.0 +/- 5.0 g/dL), @entity5 (23.6 +/- 4.6 g/dL), @entity1 (23.9 +/- 5.1 g/dL), and @entity3 (20.2 +/- 5.7 g/dL) groups when compared with control @entity4 (26.2 +/- 3.5 g/dL). Other platelet variables were not different between the control and the disease groups. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: MPC might be a useful variable for quickly and easily detecting platelet activation in sick neonates and adult @entity4 .

title: Mean platelet component as an indicator of platelet activation in foals and adult XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Five-year-old early maturing @entity1 trees ( @entity1 cv. Flordastar grafted on GF-677 @entity1 rootstock) were subjected to three irrigation treatments from March 18 to November 10, 2006. Control plants (T0 treatment) which received irrigation in excess of their crop water requirements (1089.7 mm) were compared with plants watered according to sap flow (SF; T1 treatment) or @entity0 ( @entity0 ; T2 treatment) measurements, so as to maintain SF and @entity0 signal intensities (control SF/SF in T1 and @entity0 in T2/control @entity0 , respectively) close to unity. When SF or @entity0 signal intensity on at least two of three consecutive days was at or below unity, irrigation was reduced by 10%. When the @entity0 signal intensity on at least two of three consecutive days exceeded unity, irrigation was increased by 10%. During the experiment, estimated crop evapotranspiration was 704.9 mm, and the cumulative amounts of applied water in the T1 and T2 treatments were 463.2 and 654.5 mm, respectively. The @entity0 -signal-intensity-driven irrigation schedule was more suitable than the SF-signal-intensity-driven irrigation schedule because it was more sensitive and reliable in detecting changes in plant water status, preventing the development of detectable plant water stress. Moreover, it had no effect on fruit size. We conclude that @entity1 tree irrigation scheduling can be based on @entity0 measurements alone. Changes in the irrigation protocol assayed were proposed to reduce @entity0 signal intensity deviations above unity, for example, by increasing the irrigation scheduling frequency or the amount of water applied, or both. Irrigation schedules based on maintaining @entity0 signal intensities close to unity could be applied when local crop factor values are unavailable.

title: Evaluation of sap flow and trunk diameter sensors for irrigation scheduling in early maturing XXXX trees.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the outcome of laparoscopic management of @entity8 . DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3). SETTING: A tertiary referral hospital in Israel. @entity0 (S): Twenty-seven consecutive @entity0 with @entity8 who were diagnosed and treated at our institute. INTERVENTION(S): Laparoscopy was undertaken in 20 (74%) of the @entity0 . Resection of the cornua and/or a Vicryl loop placement was performed. In 6 cases, laparoscopy was converted to laparotomy. In addition, laparotomy was performed in 2 other cases. Five cases were managed conservatively: 3 with systemic @entity4 ( @entity5 ) and leucovorin, 1 with transvaginal sonography-guided KCl injection to the amniotic sac, and 1 with hysteroscopic-guided @entity5 injection to the amniotic sac. Further treatment after surgery was required in 4 cases: transvaginal sonography-guided KCl injection, @entity5 or @entity7 + @entity5 (1 case each) injection to the amniotic sac, and systemic @entity5 injection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Successful laparoscopy, determined as not needing follow-up treatment. RESULT(S): The mean gestational age was 56 days. The average and median serum hCG levels were 31,199 and 6,653 IU/mL, respectively. Six of the @entity0 (22%) were admitted in @entity3 . Nine @entity0 (33.3%) were asymptomatic upon admission, 14 (52%) had @entity2 , and 8 (29.6%) were evaluated for @entity6 . One @entity0 developed @entity3 after admission. Only 15 (55.6%) of the 27 pregnancies were diagnosed as a @entity8 by transvaginal sonography before the therapeutic procedure. Blood transfusion was given in seven cases (26%) during surgery. The mean number of days of hospitalization was 5.7 days for @entity0 who underwent surgery and was 7.1 days for all @entity0 . A comparison was made between the first 11 and the last 11 cases treated surgically. Although the two groups were similar in all parameters, conversion from laparoscopy to laparotomy was higher in the first group, although not at a statistically significant level. CONCLUSION(S): Improved laparoscopic technique, accumulated experience, and possibly earlier diagnosis have led to fewer @entity1 or need to convert to laparotomy during treatment of @entity8 . Conservative treatment, when possible, should be considered. If surgery is indicated, and as more laparoscopic skill is gained, laparoscopy should be considered the preferred method of treating @entity8 . In experienced hands, laparoscopy is a safe and effective treatment for @entity8 .

title: Laparoscopic treatment of XXXX : a series of 20 consecutive cases.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify prognostic factors in @entity0 with locally advanced @entity4 treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS: We analyzed 108 @entity0 with FIGO stage Ib2-IVa @entity3 treated with CCRT between 1996 and 2003 at the University of the Ryukyus Hospital. @entity0 with a local @entity2 size of 4cm or more in diameter or lymph node enlargement were treated with CCRT. Disease-free survival (DFS) was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The log-rank test was used to test differences in survival. Fisher's exact test was used for univariate analysis. The Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The median age and the median follow-up were 50 years (range: 25-70 years) and 48 months (range: 4-102 months), respectively. The 4-year distant DFS of all @entity0 were 83%. Thirty-two of 108 @entity0 were diagnosed with recurrence. Twenty @entity0 had distant failure, of which 17 had only distant @entity1 , three @entity0 both distant and loco-regional recurrence, and the remaining 12 @entity0 recurred loco-regionally. @entity4 antigen ( @entity5 ) immediately after CCRT was an independent predictive factor for distant recurrence on multivariate analysis. The 4-year distant DFS of these @entity0 was 62.5%, which was significantly worse than 89.2% in @entity0 with negative serum @entity5 level (p=0.003). It should be noted that the distant @entity1 occurred within 6 months in six of the nine @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Positive serum @entity5 immediately after the treatment was a predictive factor for distant recurrence. New strategies should be considered to control distant recurrence in this group of @entity0 .

title: Predictive factor of distant recurrence in locally advanced XXXX treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Previous work suggest aversive and appetitive hedonic effects of intraorally delivered @entity1 in pre-weanling @entity0 . Pups are reluctant to perform an operant response when reinforced with intraoral @entity1 infusions, a result suggesting aversive orosensory properties of @entity1 . Yet, post-absorptive effects of @entity2 seem capable of supporting appetitive conditioning. Two experiments were conducted to test this phenomenon. Both included a pre-exposure phase (postnatal day 13, PD13) comprising intraoral stimulation with water or @entity1 . In Experiment 1, pups were given pairings between a tactile conditioned stimulus (CS) and intraoral infusions of @entity1 or water. A subsequent tactile preference test revealed that pups spent significantly less on the @entity1 -related CS relative to time spent on the alternative CS. In Experiment 2 pups were exposed to a texture CS (sandpaper) while intraorally infused with @entity1 or during a later @entity1 post-infusion interval. A tactile locational test conducted on PD16 indicated that @entity1 -pre-exposed animals that experienced sandpaper paired with @entity1 's post-absorptive effects exhibited a significant preference for the CS, even relative to a control group that experienced non-reinforced exposure to the tactile CS during conditioning. These results confirm that intraoral @entity2 acts as an aversive tastant. A brief pre-exposure to @entity1 allows later expression of appetitive learning mediated by the drug's post-ingestive effects.

title: Infant @entity0 exhibit aversive learning mediated by XXXX 's orosensory effects but are positively reinforced by @entity2 's post-ingestive effects.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Previous work suggest aversive and appetitive hedonic effects of intraorally delivered @entity1 in pre-weanling @entity0 . Pups are reluctant to perform an operant response when reinforced with intraoral @entity1 infusions, a result suggesting aversive orosensory properties of @entity1 . Yet, post-absorptive effects of @entity2 seem capable of supporting appetitive conditioning. Two experiments were conducted to test this phenomenon. Both included a pre-exposure phase (postnatal day 13, PD13) comprising intraoral stimulation with water or @entity1 . In Experiment 1, pups were given pairings between a tactile conditioned stimulus (CS) and intraoral infusions of @entity1 or water. A subsequent tactile preference test revealed that pups spent significantly less on the @entity1 -related CS relative to time spent on the alternative CS. In Experiment 2 pups were exposed to a texture CS (sandpaper) while intraorally infused with @entity1 or during a later @entity1 post-infusion interval. A tactile locational test conducted on PD16 indicated that @entity1 -pre-exposed animals that experienced sandpaper paired with @entity1 's post-absorptive effects exhibited a significant preference for the CS, even relative to a control group that experienced non-reinforced exposure to the tactile CS during conditioning. These results confirm that intraoral @entity2 acts as an aversive tastant. A brief pre-exposure to @entity1 allows later expression of appetitive learning mediated by the drug's post-ingestive effects.

title: Infant @entity0 exhibit aversive learning mediated by @entity2 's orosensory effects but are positively reinforced by XXXX 's post-ingestive effects.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Previous work suggest aversive and appetitive hedonic effects of intraorally delivered @entity1 in pre-weanling @entity0 . Pups are reluctant to perform an operant response when reinforced with intraoral @entity1 infusions, a result suggesting aversive orosensory properties of @entity1 . Yet, post-absorptive effects of @entity2 seem capable of supporting appetitive conditioning. Two experiments were conducted to test this phenomenon. Both included a pre-exposure phase (postnatal day 13, PD13) comprising intraoral stimulation with water or @entity1 . In Experiment 1, pups were given pairings between a tactile conditioned stimulus (CS) and intraoral infusions of @entity1 or water. A subsequent tactile preference test revealed that pups spent significantly less on the @entity1 -related CS relative to time spent on the alternative CS. In Experiment 2 pups were exposed to a texture CS (sandpaper) while intraorally infused with @entity1 or during a later @entity1 post-infusion interval. A tactile locational test conducted on PD16 indicated that @entity1 -pre-exposed animals that experienced sandpaper paired with @entity1 's post-absorptive effects exhibited a significant preference for the CS, even relative to a control group that experienced non-reinforced exposure to the tactile CS during conditioning. These results confirm that intraoral @entity2 acts as an aversive tastant. A brief pre-exposure to @entity1 allows later expression of appetitive learning mediated by the drug's post-ingestive effects.

title: Infant XXXX exhibit aversive learning mediated by @entity2 's orosensory effects but are positively reinforced by @entity2 's post-ingestive effects.

answer: @entity0


abstract: It is known that certain dietary fats can modulate @entity0 @entity1 metabolism. In the current study we have investigated testicular steroidogenic enzyme activities and serum @entity1 levels in @entity0 fed diets containing either different protein sources (casein, fishmeal, whey) or different lipid sources ( @entity2 oil, @entity3 ( @entity4 ), seal oil, fish oil, lard). The diets examined reflect different marine oils and proteins which are significant components of Northern Canadian diets. Male @entity0 (42-45 days old, 6 per group), were assigned to specific diets for 42 days. On the 43rd day of the study, @entity0 were sacrificed and blood plasma and testes frozen (-80 degrees C) until analysis. Microsomal steroidogenic enzyme activities (3beta-HSD, 17-OHase, C-17,20-lyase, @entity5 ) were measured radiometrically. There were no differences in enzyme activities between the three dietary protein sources. In contrast, compared with the standard casein diet, all lipid sources caused reductions in C-17,20-lyase activity (>50%); seal oil and fish oil reduced 17-OHase activity (approximately 30%) and @entity2 oil, @entity4 fish oil and lard reduced @entity5 activity (approximately 30%). No effect on 3beta-HSD activity was evident. Serum @entity1 levels were determined using ELISA kits and were not affected by any diet with the exception of the @entity2 oil diet which was significantly elevated compared with the casein protein diet. Body and testis weights were not affected by diet. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that some dietary lipid sources caused reductions in testicular 17-OHase and C-17,20-lyase activities but not to the extent that serum T levels were affected, while @entity2 oil caused elevated serum @entity1 in the absence of elevated steroidogenic enzyme activities.

title: Effects of dietary fats and proteins on @entity0 testicular steroidogenic enzymes and serum XXXX levels.

answer: @entity1


abstract: It is known that certain dietary fats can modulate @entity0 @entity1 metabolism. In the current study we have investigated testicular steroidogenic enzyme activities and serum @entity1 levels in @entity0 fed diets containing either different protein sources (casein, fishmeal, whey) or different lipid sources ( @entity2 oil, @entity3 ( @entity4 ), seal oil, fish oil, lard). The diets examined reflect different marine oils and proteins which are significant components of Northern Canadian diets. Male @entity0 (42-45 days old, 6 per group), were assigned to specific diets for 42 days. On the 43rd day of the study, @entity0 were sacrificed and blood plasma and testes frozen (-80 degrees C) until analysis. Microsomal steroidogenic enzyme activities (3beta-HSD, 17-OHase, C-17,20-lyase, @entity5 ) were measured radiometrically. There were no differences in enzyme activities between the three dietary protein sources. In contrast, compared with the standard casein diet, all lipid sources caused reductions in C-17,20-lyase activity (>50%); seal oil and fish oil reduced 17-OHase activity (approximately 30%) and @entity2 oil, @entity4 fish oil and lard reduced @entity5 activity (approximately 30%). No effect on 3beta-HSD activity was evident. Serum @entity1 levels were determined using ELISA kits and were not affected by any diet with the exception of the @entity2 oil diet which was significantly elevated compared with the casein protein diet. Body and testis weights were not affected by diet. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that some dietary lipid sources caused reductions in testicular 17-OHase and C-17,20-lyase activities but not to the extent that serum T levels were affected, while @entity2 oil caused elevated serum @entity1 in the absence of elevated steroidogenic enzyme activities.

title: Effects of dietary fats and proteins on XXXX testicular steroidogenic enzymes and serum @entity1 levels.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gene signatures of sporadic @entity2 tissues and microdissected @entity2 cells were analyzed to identify stromal and @entity1 cell-specific markers, respectively. METHODS: Serial sections of frozen @entity2 (n=29) were subjected to RNA isolation of (1) entire tissue sections with a various @entity1 cell content and of (2) microdissected invasive @entity1 cells. Three matching samples of microdissected normal colorectal epithelial and invasive @entity1 cells were similarly obtained. RNA samples were analyzed using the HG95A and HG95Av2 GeneChip microarrays (Affymetrix). The microarray data was evaluated by established methods and validated by Q-RT-PCR. RESULTS: Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis of 18 sample pairs (training set) clearly distinguished @entity1 from microdissected @entity1 cells. A 149-gene signature was identified using statistical methods, which was then validated by a hierarchical clustering analysis of 11 independent sample pairs (test set). Genes specifically associated with microdissected invasive @entity1 cells were for example @entity11 and @entity8 . In contrast, genes associated with stromal cells were for example @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity12 . Finally, a 65-gene signature distinguished normal colorectal epithelial cells and invasive @entity1 cells, including down-regulation of @entity5 and @entity7 mRNA expression as well as up-regulation of @entity9 , @entity6 , @entity10 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: Our approach allowed precise evaluation of molecular signatures in morphologically defined cell populations and identified novel target genes related to @entity1 interactions in @entity2 . The approach enables further analysis of gene signatures in different @entity1 areas and cell types, such as within invasive margins to decipher molecular mechanisms of @entity2 and @entity0 .

title: Identification of gene signatures for invasive XXXX cells.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Excessive @entity1 (F) can lead to abnormal bone biology. Numerous studies have focused on the anabolic action of F yet little is known regarding any action on osteoclastogenesis. Little is known regarding the influence of an individual's genetic background on the responses of bone cells to F. Four-week old C57BL/6J (B6) and C3H/HeJ (C3H) female @entity0 were treated with @entity5 in the drinking water (0 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm F ion) for 3 weeks. Bone marrow cells were harvested for osteoclastogenesis and hematopoietic colony-forming cell assays. Sera were analyzed for biochemical and bone markers. Femurs, tibiae, and lumbar vertebrae were subjected to microCT analysis. Tibiae and femurs were subjected to histology and biomechanical testing, respectively. The results demonstrated new actions of F on osteoclastogenesis and hematopoietic cell differentiation. Strain-specific responses were observed. The anabolic action of F was favored in B6 @entity0 exhibiting dose-dependent increases in serum ALP activity (p<0.001); in proximal tibia trabecular and vertebral @entity2 (tibia at 50_100 ppm, p=0.001; vertebrae at 50 and 100 ppm, p=0.023_0.019, respectively); and decrease in intact PTH and sRANKL (p=0.045 and p<0.001, respectively). F treatment in B6 @entity0 also resulted in increased numbers of CFU-GEMM colonies (p=0.025). @entity4 in bone [F] were observed. For C3H @entity0 , dose-dependent increases were observed in osteoclast potential (p<0.001), in situ trabecular osteoclast number (p=0.007), hematopoietic colony forming units (CFU-GEMM: p<0.001, CFU-GM: p=0.006, CFU-M: p<0.001), and serum markers for osteoclastogenesis (intact PTH: p=0.004, @entity3 : p=0.022, TRAP5b: p<0.001). A concordant decrease in serum @entity3 (p=0.005) was also observed. @entity1 treatment had no significant effects on bone morphology, @entity2 , and serum PYD cross-links in C3H suggesting a lack of significant bone resorption. Mechanical properties were also unaltered in C3H. In conclusion, short term F treatment at physiological levels has strain-specific effects in @entity0 . The expected anabolic effects were observed in B6 and novel actions hallmarked by enhanced osteoclastogenesis shifts in hematopoietic cell differentiation in the C3H strain.

title: Genetic background influences XXXX 's effects on osteoclastogenesis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 occurs in 3% to 12% of @entity0 with @entity6 . The best procedure to treat major @entity5 continues to be a challenge. The purpose of the present study was to analyze differences between the time of gastroduodenal pylorus reopening after its closure with different suture materials and to verify the influence of vagotomy on local tissue changes. METHODS: Thirty @entity1 were submitted to closure of the gastroduodenal pylorus and gastrojejunal @entity3 . The animals were divided into three groups (n = 10) according to the type of suture material used: plain catgut, @entity7 , and @entity8 . Half of the animals in each group (n = 5) were also submitted to truncal vagotomy. Postoperative assessment included weekly abdominal X-ray following intragastric contrast injection until re-establishment of the gastroduodenal transit or for a maximum period of 4 wk. At the end of the follow-up period, the pyloric regions and the gastrojejunal @entity3 were removed for histological analysis. The groups were compared by the Kaplan-Meier test, with the level of significance set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The @entity8 suture maintained the pylorus closed for a longer period of time (36.3 +/- 11.6 d) (P < 0.05). No difference was observed between the @entity7 suture (25.8 +/- 14.2 d) and the plain catgut suture (18.7 +/- 10.2 d). Vagotomy did not influence the time of pyloric reopening, but was associated with a less intense gastric inflammatory reaction. CONCLUSIONS: The nonabsorbable suture was the most adequate for exclusion of pyloric transit. Vagotomy had no influence on the time of pyloric reopening but reduced @entity4 .

title: Reopening of the gastroduodenal pylorus after its closure in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We compared the results of laparoscopic and open radical cystectomy performed for organ confined @entity1 by a single surgeon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and December 2005, 55 laparoscopic radical cystectomies were performed by a single surgeon. Of these @entity0 30 who had organ confined @entity1 on preoperative evaluation formed the laparoscopic radical cystectomy group and 35 who underwent open radical cystectomy performed by the same surgeon formed the open radical cystectomy group. All @entity0 underwent radical cystectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion. In the laparoscopic radical cystectomy group the ileal conduit was created through the 6 to 10 cm midline incision used for specimen extraction. RESULTS: Mean operative time was significantly more in the laparoscopic group. However, mean @entity2 , analgesic requirement and transfusion requirement were significantly less in the laparoscopic group. The complication rate in the 2 groups was not significantly different. One @entity0 per group had a margin positive for @entity1 . At a mean followup of 38 (range 15 to 54) and 46 months (range 14 to 96) 23 @entity0 (76%) in the laparoscopic group and 28 (80%) in the open group, respectively, survived free of recurrence (p = 0.2). CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopic approach provides the benefit of lesser @entity2 and @entity3 in @entity0 undergoing radical cystectomy for organ confined @entity1 . The oncological outcome is comparable to that of open radical cystectomy at 3-year followup. However, longer followup in a larger cohort of @entity0 is needed to assess long-term oncological and functional outcomes.

title: Comparison of laparoscopic and open radical cystoprostatectomy for localized XXXX with 3-year oncological followup: a single surgeon experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Based on contemporary epidemiological and pathological characteristics of @entity3 we explain the rationale for and concerns about focal therapy for @entity3 , review potential methods of delivery and propose study design parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Articles regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, imaging, treatment and pathology of @entity3 were reviewed with a particular emphasis on technologies applicable for focal therapy, defined as targeted ablation of a limited area of the prostate expected to contain the dominant or only focus of @entity1 . A consensus summary was constructed by a multidisciplinary international task force of @entity3 experts, forming the basis of the current review. RESULTS: In regions with a high prevalence of @entity4 screening the over detection and subsequent overtreatment of @entity3 is common. The incidence of @entity1 in radical prostatectomy specimens is 13% to 38%. In many others there is an index lesion with secondary foci containing pathological features similar to those found incidentally at autopsy. Because biopsy strategies and imaging techniques can provide more precise @entity1 localization and characterization, there is growing interest in focal therapy targeting unifocal or biologically unifocal @entity1 . The major arguments against focal therapy are multifocality, limited accuracy of @entity1 , the unpredictable @entity2 of secondary foci and the lack of established technology for focal ablation. Emerging technologies with the potential for focal therapy include high intensity focused ultrasound, cryotherapy, radio frequency ablation and photodynamic therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Early detection of @entity3 has led to concerns that while many @entity1 now diagnosed pose too little a threat for radical therapy, many @entity0 are reluctant to accept watchful waiting or active surveillance. Several emerging technologies seem capable of focal destruction of prostate tissue with minimal morbidity. We encourage the investigation of focal therapy in select @entity0 with @entity3 in prospective clinical trials that carefully document safety, functional outcomes and @entity1 control.

title: Focal therapy for XXXX : a critical appraisal of rationale and modalities.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: An overview of the effectiveness of radiosurgery in @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 with an analysis of potential predictors of good outcome. METHODS: All @entity0 treated with linear accelerator radiosurgery between 2004 and 2011 were analysed. A dose of 60Gy dose was administered 1 to 2mm from the root entry zone with a maximum isodose of 20% delivered to the brainstem. Clinical results for @entity1 control and any side effects were analysed at 12 and 36 months (BNI score). RESULTS: The study included 71 @entity0 (mean follow-up 50.5 months). @entity1 improvement at 12 months was observed in 68.11% of the total (28.98% with BNI score i-ii; 39.12% with BNI score iii) and at 36 months in 58.21% (23.88% BNI score i-ii; 34.32% BNI score iii). Average recovery time was 3.69 months and the relapse rate was 44.68%. @entity0 with typical @entity1 displayed statistically significant differences in improvement rates at 12 and at 36 months (P<047 and P<.002). Onset of improvement was analysed using Kaplan-Meyer plots. Statistically significant differences were observed between @entity0 with typical and atypical @entity1 at 36 months (P<.012) in Kaplan-Meyer plots. Side effects were recorded in 15 @entity0 (20.89%), including 9 cases of facial @entity2 (13.43%); only 2 cases were clinically relevant (2.98%). CONCLUSION: According to our results, radiosurgery is an effective treatment for @entity3 , with few side effects. Typical @entity1 seems to be a good predictor of @entity1 relief.

title: Outcome of radiosurgery treatment with a linear accelerator in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: An overview of the effectiveness of radiosurgery in @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 with an analysis of potential predictors of good outcome. METHODS: All @entity0 treated with linear accelerator radiosurgery between 2004 and 2011 were analysed. A dose of 60Gy dose was administered 1 to 2mm from the root entry zone with a maximum isodose of 20% delivered to the brainstem. Clinical results for @entity1 control and any side effects were analysed at 12 and 36 months (BNI score). RESULTS: The study included 71 @entity0 (mean follow-up 50.5 months). @entity1 improvement at 12 months was observed in 68.11% of the total (28.98% with BNI score i-ii; 39.12% with BNI score iii) and at 36 months in 58.21% (23.88% BNI score i-ii; 34.32% BNI score iii). Average recovery time was 3.69 months and the relapse rate was 44.68%. @entity0 with typical @entity1 displayed statistically significant differences in improvement rates at 12 and at 36 months (P<047 and P<.002). Onset of improvement was analysed using Kaplan-Meyer plots. Statistically significant differences were observed between @entity0 with typical and atypical @entity1 at 36 months (P<.012) in Kaplan-Meyer plots. Side effects were recorded in 15 @entity0 (20.89%), including 9 cases of facial @entity2 (13.43%); only 2 cases were clinically relevant (2.98%). CONCLUSION: According to our results, radiosurgery is an effective treatment for @entity3 , with few side effects. Typical @entity1 seems to be a good predictor of @entity1 relief.

title: Outcome of radiosurgery treatment with a linear accelerator in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine if there were circadian variations in surgeons' ability to diagnose @entity1 . DESIGN: Retrospective database study of all @entity0 admitted to an acute surgical procedure under the potential diagnosis of @entity1 in a 4-year period. The day was divided into 2 time intervals, day to evening hours (08:00-23:59) and night hours (00:00-07:59). Relevant data regarding the admission and surgical procedures were categorized into these 2 time intervals. SETTING: Department of Surgery at a Danish university hospital in Copenhagen. @entity0 : A total of 2366 @entity0 were included. There were no age limitations or selection in sex. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the ability to diagnose @entity2 in day-evening hours vs night hours (p = 0.391), nor was any significant difference found on weekdays (Monday-Thursday) vs weekends (Friday-Sunday) (p = 0.278). There were no differences in duration of the procedures, rate of conversion, or severity of postoperative surgical complications between the 2 groups. More @entity0 underwent diagnostic imaging during day to evening hours compared with night hours (308 vs 46; p = 0.014). The use of imaging had no effect on the ability to diagnose @entity2 . Male sex showed a higher probability of the diagnosis being @entity2 compared with other or no pathology (odds ratio: 3.094; p < 0.001). Age between 40 and 80 years was significantly associated with a higher probability of the diagnosis being @entity2 compared with other or no pathology. The negative appendectomy rate was 10.5%. CONCLUSION: We found no difference in the surgeons' ability to diagnose @entity1 during night hours compared with day to evening hours.

title: No Circadian Variation in Surgeons' Ability to Diagnose XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the findings from a massive endoscopic screening program in a high-risk area of China and to evaluate the prognosis of @entity0 diagnosed through endoscopic screening compared with those diagnosed at usual hospital visits because of illness. METHODS: In 2006, an early detection and treatment program was initiated in Yangzhong county, China. Local residents aged 40-69 years were eligible for free endoscopic screening. Endoscopic examination was performed with @entity4 staining, followed by biopsies. @entity0 diagnosed with esophageal or @entity2 were referred for treatment and followed to assess their long-term survival status. RESULTS: From 2006 through 2012, we screened 12453 @entity0 , including 5334 (42.8%) @entity0 and 7119 (57.2%) @entity0 . The average age was 52.8  8.0 years. We detected 166 @entity0 with upper digestive tract @entity1 , including 106 @entity1 in the esophagus (detection rate: 0.85%) and 60 @entity1 in the stomach (detection rate: 0.48%). Of these @entity0 , 98.11% with @entity3 and 100% with @entity2 were defined as at the early stage. In the process of follow-up, 17 @entity0 died from @entity1 -related causes, and the median survival time was greater than 85 months. The overall survival rates for 1, 3 and 5 years were 98.0%, 90.0% and 89.0%, respectively. A significant positive effect was observed for the long-term survival of @entity0 diagnosed through massive endoscopic screening. CONCLUSIONS: In a high-risk population, massive endoscopic screening can identify early stage @entity1 and improve @entity0 ' prognosis through early detection and treatment.

title: Massive Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal and XXXX in a High-Risk Area of China.

answer: @entity2