abstract: UNASSIGNED: Congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS) is persistence of an anomalous embryological connection of the portal vein with a large vein of the vena cava system. Clinical presentations include @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity1 , but can be variable in timing and symptomatology. We report 2 @entity0 who presented 10 years apart with the same complaint of early pubarche at age 7 years, with inappropriately low @entity8 levels. In addition to @entity10 (elevated @entity3 and @entity7 ) and advanced bone age, both had @entity9 , and hypothyroxinemia. The 2nd case also had symptomatic @entity13 . Presentation of CPSS with this combination of findings in prepubertal @entity0 has not been reported previously. With further investigations, we proposed novel mechanisms explaining these manifestations. @entity10 is caused by decreased hepatic sulfation of @entity6 to less active DHEAS due to shunting of @entity6 to systemic circulation. Elevated @entity6 is then used for synthesis of more potent @entity11 . Shunting of postabsorbtive @entity4 from portal to systemic circulation causes early @entity14 leading to exaggerated insulin secretion. Insulin bypasses the hepatic metabolism directly entering into the systemic circulation, which results in @entity9 , then in turn causes late @entity13 . Finally, hypothyroxinemia was linked to @entity12 deficiency, which has not been reported in CPSS.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Premature Pubarche, @entity9 and Hypothyroxinemia: Novel Manifestations of Congenital Portosystemic Shunts (Abernethy Malformation) in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Current guidelines recommend postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) for incompletely resected @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, there is still a paucity of evidence for this approach. Hence, we analyzed survival in 78 @entity0 following radiotherapy for incompletely resected @entity2 (R1) and investigated prognostic factors. @entity0 AND METHODS: All 78 @entity0 with incompletely resected @entity2 (R1) received PORT between December 2001 and September 2014. The median total dose for PORT was 60Gy (range 44-68Gy). The majority of @entity0 had locally advanced @entity1 stages (stage IIA (2.6%), stage IIB (19.2%), stage IIIA (57.7%) and stage IIIB (20.5%)). 21 @entity0 (25%) received postoperative chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median follow-up after radiotherapy was 17.7 months. Three-year overall ( @entity3 ), progression-free (PFS), local (LPFS) and distant progression-free survival (DPFS) rates were 34.1, 29.1, 44.9 and 51.9%, respectively. @entity3 was significantly prolonged at lower nodal status ( @entity4 ) and following dose-escalated PORT with total radiation doses >54Gy (p=0.012, p=0.013). Furthermore, radiation doses >54Gy significantly improved PFS, LPFS and DPFS (p=0.005; p=0.050, p=0.022). Interestingly, survival was neither significantly influenced by R1 localization nor by extent (localized vs. diffuse). Multivariate analyses revealed lower nodal status and radiation doses >54.0Gy as the only independent prognostic factors for @entity3 (p=0.021, p=0.036). CONCLUSION: For incompletely resected @entity2 , PORT is used for improving @entity1 control. Local progression is still the major pattern of failure. Radiation doses >54Gy seem to support improved local control and were associated with better @entity3 in this retrospective study.

title: Outcome and prognostic factors of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) after incomplete resection of XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Current guidelines recommend postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) for incompletely resected @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, there is still a paucity of evidence for this approach. Hence, we analyzed survival in 78 @entity0 following radiotherapy for incompletely resected @entity2 (R1) and investigated prognostic factors. @entity0 AND METHODS: All 78 @entity0 with incompletely resected @entity2 (R1) received PORT between December 2001 and September 2014. The median total dose for PORT was 60Gy (range 44-68Gy). The majority of @entity0 had locally advanced @entity1 stages (stage IIA (2.6%), stage IIB (19.2%), stage IIIA (57.7%) and stage IIIB (20.5%)). 21 @entity0 (25%) received postoperative chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median follow-up after radiotherapy was 17.7 months. Three-year overall ( @entity3 ), progression-free (PFS), local (LPFS) and distant progression-free survival (DPFS) rates were 34.1, 29.1, 44.9 and 51.9%, respectively. @entity3 was significantly prolonged at lower nodal status ( @entity4 ) and following dose-escalated PORT with total radiation doses >54Gy (p=0.012, p=0.013). Furthermore, radiation doses >54Gy significantly improved PFS, LPFS and DPFS (p=0.005; p=0.050, p=0.022). Interestingly, survival was neither significantly influenced by R1 localization nor by extent (localized vs. diffuse). Multivariate analyses revealed lower nodal status and radiation doses >54.0Gy as the only independent prognostic factors for @entity3 (p=0.021, p=0.036). CONCLUSION: For incompletely resected @entity2 , PORT is used for improving @entity1 control. Local progression is still the major pattern of failure. Radiation doses >54Gy seem to support improved local control and were associated with better @entity3 in this retrospective study.

title: Outcome and prognostic factors of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) after incomplete resection of @entity2 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility of using @entity2 method during sacral neuromodulation (SNM) operation to prevent postoperative loacal incision @entity2 . METHODS: SNM were performed for 23 @entity0 (male 11 cases, and female 12 cases) who had intractable lower urinary tract dysfunctoin from January 2013 to Feburary 2015. During the treatment period (both in stage I and stage II), several steps were adopted to prevernt local incision @entity2 after opertion, such as @entity1 , strict aseptic operating, intravenous infusion of antibiotics ( @entity3 or @entity4 ) prophylacticly at least 24 h, using sterile water to wash the incison in operation and taking oral antibiotics anti- @entity2 as supplemental after operation. At the meantime, microbiological examination was performed in the explanted tined leads , extension wire connection and local gluteal tissue. RESULTS: A total of 23 @entity0 received SNM with local anesthesia, mean time of operation, hospitalization and test period were 1.5 h, 3.2 d and 37.1 d , respectively. All @entity0 had no symptoms of clinical local @entity2 after stage I test period and all incisions were healing with I/A standard. Eight @entity0 were removed the inside electrodes because of poor effect at the end of test period with local anesthesia. Bacterial growth was not detected in all 8 @entity0 of explanted tined leads and extension wire connection. And all 8 @entity0 had their incision healed with I/A standard. Fifteen @entity0 received implantable pulse generator (IPG) with local anesthesia. Mean time of operation was 63 min and mean time of hospitalization was 2.2 d. Among them , 10 @entity0 ' extension wire connection and loacal tissue were send to microbiological examination and no bacterial growth was found. All stage II incisions were healing with I/A standard. CONCLUSION: Perioperative @entity2 method could prevent local incision @entity2 after SNM.

title: [Initial experiences of preventing local incision XXXX during sacral neuromodulation].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a debilitating chronic @entity2 that affects approximately 2.3 million individuals worldwide, with higher prevalence in females, and a strong genetic component. While over 200 @entity1 susceptibility loci have been identified in GWAS, the underlying mechanisms whereby they contribute to disease susceptibility remains ill-defined. Forward genetics approaches using conventional laboratory @entity3 strains are useful in identifying and functionally dissecting genes controlling disease-relevant phenotypes, but are hindered by the limited genetic diversity represented in such strains. To address this, we have combined the powerful chromosome substitution (consomic) strain approach with the genetic diversity of a wild-derived inbred @entity3 . Using @entity4 ( @entity4 ), a @entity3 model of @entity1 , we evaluated genetic control of disease course among a panel of 26 consomic strains of @entity3 inheriting chromosomes from the wild-derived PWD strain on the C57BL/6J background, which models the genetic diversity seen in @entity0 populations. Nineteen linkages on 18 chromosomes were found to harbor loci controlling @entity4 . Of these 19 linkages, six were male-specific, four were female-specific, and nine were non-sex-specific, consistent with a differential genetic control of disease course between males and females. An @entity1 -GWAS candidate-driven bioinformatic analysis using orthologous genes linked to @entity4 course identified sex-specific and non-sex-specific gene networks underlying disease pathogenesis. An analysis of sex hormone regulation of genes within these networks identified several key molecules, prominently including the MAP kinase family, known hormone-dependent regulators of sex differences in @entity4 course. Importantly, our results provide the framework by which consomic @entity3 strains with overall genome-wide genetic diversity, approximating that seen in @entity0 , can be used as a rapid and powerful tool for modeling the genetic architecture of @entity1 . Moreover, our data represent the first step towards mechanistic dissection of genetic control of sexual dimorphism in CNS @entity5 .

title: Identification of genetic determinants of the sexual dimorphism in CNS XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Promising results are emerging in clinical trials focused on stem cell therapy for cardiology applications. However, the low homing and engraftment of the injected cells to target tissue continues to be a problem. Cellular glycoengineering can address this limitation by enabling the targeting of stem cells to sites of @entity1 . Two such glycoengineering methods are presented here: i. The non-covalent incorporation of a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) mimetic 19Fc[ @entity7 (+)] via lipid-protein G fusion intermediates that intercalate onto the cell surface, and ii. Over-expression of the a(1,3)fucosyltransferse @entity7 in cells. Results demonstrate the efficient coupling of 19Fc[ @entity7 (+)] onto both cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with coupling being more efficient when using protein G fused to single-tailed @entity4 rather than double-tailed @entity6 ( @entity8 ). This non-covalent cellular modification was mild since cell proliferation and stem-cell marker expression was unaltered. Whereas coupling using 19Fc[ @entity7 (+)] enhanced cell capture on recombinant @entity5 or CHO-P cell surfaces, a(1,3)fucosylation was necessary for robust binding to @entity2 and inflamed endothelial cells under shear. Pilot studies confirm the safety and homing efficacy of the modified stem cells to sites of @entity0 -reperfusion in the porcine heart. Overall, glycoengineering with physiological selectin-ligands may enhance stem cell engraftment.

title: Cell surface glycoengineering improves selectin-mediated adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs): Pilot validation in porcine XXXX -reperfusion model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Stem cells from the adult hair follicle bulge can differentiate into neurons and glia, which is advantageous for the development of an autologous cell-based therapy for @entity1 . Consequently, bulge stem cells from plucked hair may increase opportunities for personalized neuroregenerative therapy. Hairs were plucked from the scalps of healthy donors, and the bulges were cultured without prior tissue treatment. Shortly after outgrowth from the bulge, cellular protein expression was established immunohistochemically. The doubling time was calculated upon expansion, and the viability of expanded, cryopreserved cells was assessed after shear stress. The neuroglial differentiation potential was assessed from cryopreserved cells. Shortly after outgrowth, the cells were immunopositive for nestin, @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity3 , and negative for @entity4 . Each bulge yielded approximately 1  *  10(4) cells after three passages. Doubling time was 3.3 (  1.5)  days. Cellular viability did not differ significantly from control cells after shear stress. The cells expressed class III b-tubulin ( @entity2 ) and synapsin-1 after 3  weeks of neuronal differentiation. Glial differentiation yielded @entity7 - and MPZ-immunopositive cells after 2  weeks. We demonstrated that @entity0 hair follicle bulge-derived stem cells can be cultivated easily, expanded efficiently and kept frozen until needed. After cryopreservation, the cells were viable and displayed both neuronal and glial differentiation potential.

title: Isolation, expansion and neural differentiation of stem cells from XXXX plucked hair: a further step towards autologous nerve recovery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are frequently complicated with @entity8 . Many cases of this infection are diagnosed and treated by general practitioners. We retrospectively exam- ined the characteristics of @entity2 presenting with urosepsis. METHODS: We assigned 57 UTI @entity0 into two groups according to the results of the blood cultures. @entity0 were admitted to the Department of General Practice at Sakai City Hospital from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2011. We investigated the medical records retrospectively. RESULTS: 22 @entity0 presented with urosepsis and 35 did not. Urosepsis in the @entity0 was significantly associated with @entity1 and ureteral stones ( @entity1 : 32 vs. 3%, p = 0.004; ureteral stone: 23 vs. 3%, p = 0.03). @entity6 and @entity9 were seen in about one half of the @entity0 with urosepsis and were significantly more frequent ( @entity3 or @entity4 : 45 vs. 17%, p = 0.03; @entity9 : 36 vs. 11%, p = 0.04). @entity5 (white blood cell (WBC) count > 12,000/gL) or @entity7 (WBC count < 4,000 / L) were significantly more frequent (68% vs. 29%) but no significant association was found between urosepsis and body temperature or C-reactive proteins. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 , ureteral stones or @entity9 , @entity1 and @entity5 or @entity7 had significantly higher rates in the @entity0 with urosepsis.

title: [The characteristics of XXXX with urosepsis].

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is one of the most common adverse events of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and there is currently no effective method to manage @entity4 . The purpose of this study was to examine the prophylactic effect of a film dressing using Airwall on @entity1 -induced @entity4 compared with standard skin managements. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 271 @entity0 with @entity2 who were scheduled for @entity1 at our center were divided into 2 groups based on their own requests: 145 @entity0 (53%) chose Airwall (group A) and 126 @entity0 (47%) received standard treatments (group B). We evaluated irradiated skin every other day during @entity1 and followed up once a week for a month after completion of @entity1 . RESULTS: Grade 0, 1, 2, and 3 @entity3 were seen in 2, 122, 21, and 0 and 0, 65, 57, and 4 @entity0 in groups A and B, respectively (P<.001). Numbers of days to grades 1 and 2 @entity4 development were 34.9      14.3 and 54.7      10.3 and 31.8      11.3 and  54.4      11.6 in groups A and B, respectively. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups. Eighteen @entity0 (12%) in group A who experienced problems  in the region covered with Airwall switched to standard skin care after peeling the film off. CONCLUSIONS: Film dressing using Airwall reduced the severity of @entity4 without delaying the response time of the skin to proton beam irradiation compared with standard skin management. Hence, film dressing is considered a promising measure for preventing @entity4 secondary to @entity1 .

title: Effect of Film Dressing on Acute Radiation XXXX Secondary to Proton Beam Therapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 with effusion (OME) or @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common cause of hearing difficulty in @entity0 . @entity2 must be detected early and managed properly to prevent conductive @entity1 in @entity0 . It was aimed to compare results of laser myringotomy and conventional myringotomy in terms of hearing improvement, recurrence of @entity2 and time to put ventilation tube. METHODS: This randomized control trial was conducted from February 2012 to April 2014. @entity0 of 4 years age or older with @entity2 were included in the study. These @entity0 were investigated with Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and tympanometry to confirm conductive @entity1 . X-Ray nasopharynx lateral view was performed for adenoids. Sixty-six @entity0 were randomly assigned in to 2 groups, (1) treated with laser myringotomy and (2) treated with classical myringotomy. The ears were evaluated for @entity2 , for presence of perforation and level of hearing. RESULTS: A total of 98 ears in 66 @entity0 underwent intervention. @entity2 cleared in 44 out of 48 ears with laser myringotomy (LM) as compared to34 out of 50 ears with incisional myringotomy. The perforation was still patent in 36 ears treated with LM while it was found closed in all 50 ears with conventional myringotomy after 2 weeks. The hearing level improved with LM by 10-15 dB after first 3 months. CONCLUSION: The aim of management in @entity4 media with effusion is ventilation of tympanic cavity. Laser myringotomy is a best alternative to conventional one. It also has comparable results with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). The ears with refractory or recurrent @entity2 should have @entity5 insertion.

title: Laser and incisional XXXX media with effusion-a comparative study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a frequent complication of longstanding @entity1 . Nevertheless uncertainty exists on defining risk factors (RF) for @entity4 in @entity1 . In order to elucidate this matter, at an early stage of the vascular complication, 54 non insulin dependent @entity1 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 , males, age range 40-59 years, without clinical signs of @entity4 , were investigated by digital pulse plethysmography, measuring the inclination time (IT) of the pulse wave. A significant correlation was found between systolic blood pressure (BP) or fasting serum @entity2 (FSC) and IT (r = .28 p less than .05 and r = .34 p less than .05). IT was significantly higher in insulin treated @entity0 compared with those on oral hypoglycemic treatment (154 +/- 41 msec; 122 +/- 25 msec; p less than .05) ( @entity6 ). No significant effect on IT was induced by body weight, diastolic BP, serum @entity3 . A positive correlation was found between the number of RF (FSC greater than or equal to 220 mg/dl; systolic BP greater than or equal to 160 mmHg; insulin treatment) in each @entity0 and IT (r = .55 p less than .001). In the absence of RF, IT was similar to that in non @entity1 , normocholesterolemic, normotensive @entity0 of the same age (119 +/- 27; 116 +/- 15). FSC, systolic BP and insulin treatment are major RF for @entity4 in male @entity5 @entity0 . The condition is worsened by the simultaneous presence of two or more RF together.

title: Risk factors for @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a frequent complication of longstanding @entity1 . Nevertheless uncertainty exists on defining risk factors (RF) for @entity4 in @entity1 . In order to elucidate this matter, at an early stage of the vascular complication, 54 non insulin dependent @entity1 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 , males, age range 40-59 years, without clinical signs of @entity4 , were investigated by digital pulse plethysmography, measuring the inclination time (IT) of the pulse wave. A significant correlation was found between systolic blood pressure (BP) or fasting serum @entity2 (FSC) and IT (r = .28 p less than .05 and r = .34 p less than .05). IT was significantly higher in insulin treated @entity0 compared with those on oral hypoglycemic treatment (154 +/- 41 msec; 122 +/- 25 msec; p less than .05) ( @entity6 ). No significant effect on IT was induced by body weight, diastolic BP, serum @entity3 . A positive correlation was found between the number of RF (FSC greater than or equal to 220 mg/dl; systolic BP greater than or equal to 160 mmHg; insulin treatment) in each @entity0 and IT (r = .55 p less than .001). In the absence of RF, IT was similar to that in non @entity1 , normocholesterolemic, normotensive @entity0 of the same age (119 +/- 27; 116 +/- 15). FSC, systolic BP and insulin treatment are major RF for @entity4 in male @entity5 @entity0 . The condition is worsened by the simultaneous presence of two or more RF together.

title: Risk factors for XXXX in @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a leading cause of invasive disease in @entity0 . Accurate and rapid diagnosis is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the dltR gene was utilised for the direct detection of @entity2 DNA in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from @entity0 at an Irish maternity hospital. A retrospective review of laboratory and @entity0 records during the period 2011-2013 was performed in order to evaluate PCR and culture for the diagnosis of @entity1 . A total of 3570 blood and 189 CSF samples from 3510 @entity0 had corresponding culture and PCR results. Culture and PCR exhibited concordance in 3526 @entity2 -negative samples and 13 (25  %) @entity2 -positive samples (n   =   53). Six (11  %) and 34 (64  %) @entity2 -positive samples were positive only in culture or PCR, respectively. Culture and PCR identified more @entity2 -positive @entity0 (n   =   47) than PCR (n   =   43) or culture (n   =   16) alone. Using culture as the reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for PCR on blood samples were 71.4  %, 99.2  %, 25  % and 99.9  %, and for CSF samples, they were 60  %, 97.8  %, 42.9  % and 98.9  %, respectively. The sensitivity and positive predictive values were improved (blood: 84.6  % and 55  %; CSF: 77.8  % and 100  %, respectively) when maternal risk factors and other laboratory test results were considered. The findings in this study recommend the use of direct @entity2 real-time PCR for the diagnosis of @entity3 in @entity0 with a clinical suspicion of invasive disease and as a complement to culture, but should be interpreted in the light of other laboratory and clinical findings.

title: Real-time polymerase chain reaction and culture in the diagnosis of invasive group B streptococcal disease in XXXX : a retrospective study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: During the early 1970s, satisfactory long-term treatment of the severe @entity2 associated with @entity1 was not available. Spinal cord stimulation introduced a few years earlier in 1967 had not proven to be effective in treating @entity2 . We describe our pioneering experience using an implanted device to infuse local anesthetics into the epidural space and provide @entity2 relief to the @entity0 . METHODS: Increasing doses of systemic opioids were unsuccessful in treating the intractable @entity2 of spinal metastases in our @entity0 . We devised an analgesic delivery system by modifying equipment usually used for ventriculoperitoneal shunts. A lumbar epidural catheter was inserted in the @entity0 's spine, then tunneled subcutaneously across the flank to the anterior abdominal wall, and subsequently connected to a modified Ommaya reservoir with ventriculoperitoneal shunt tubing. This was filled with local anesthetic and injected into the @entity0 's epidural space by manual compression. RESULTS: The system was used for several months with intermittent addition of local anesthetic to the reservoir with satisfactory control of the @entity0 's @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: We describe the first use of an implanted epidural catheter system for long-term relief of @entity2 due to @entity1 that occurred at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston. We contend that this event played an important role in the cascade of devices that followed and connect it to the changes in the attitude of health care providers toward treatment of @entity1 .

title: A report on the consequences of the first implanted device for long-term analgesia in refractory XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The clinical, laboratorial and histological aspects of 50 cases of @entity4 were analysed, as well as the follow-up of 24 @entity0 . The mean age of the 50 @entity0 was 42,9 years (range: 25 to 65 years); 44 were males. The beginning of the symptomatology was insidious in great number of cases. The @entity7 was most habitual clinical signal (92% of cases). The @entity9 was observed in 58% of the cases. Twenty six per cent of the @entity0 had not manifestation of advanced hepatopaty at the moment of diagnosis. The most constant laboratorial alteration (except the increase of gama-glutamil-transpeptidase, dosed in rare cases) was the increase of SGOT (94%). Histological examination showed @entity1 and inflammatory exudate in all cases; @entity10 in 98%; Mallory bodies in 78%; @entity3 in 84%; @entity3 in 44%. In the group of @entity0 that came to the obit at the first internation, @entity9 , digestive @entity8 , @entity2 , @entity6 , leucocitosis and decreased prothrombin activity. The follow-up of 24 cases (3 months to 5 years) showed aggravation of illness and frequent evolution to @entity3 in @entity0 that maintained the @entity5 ingestion.

title: [ XXXX : clinical, laboratorial and histological study of 50 cases].

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether serum high-sensitive troponin T (hs- @entity3 ) levels at the convalescent stage of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are associated with long-term mortality. METHODS: This study enrolled a total of 2944 consecutive @entity2 @entity0 who were registered in the Osaka Acute @entity1 Study between 2000 and 2009, and whose hs- @entity3 levels were evaluated at the convalescent stage. @entity0 were divided into four hs- @entity3 category groups according to the results of survival classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. The impact of hs- @entity3 levels on 5-year mortality was evaluated using multivariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Only one @entity0 had hs- @entity3 level below the detection limit of the assay (<0.003ng/mL). The median hs- @entity3 level was 0.025 (quartile 0.011-0.083)ng/mL. During the median follow-up period of 1782 days, 188 @entity0 died. Survival CART analysis revealed that the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd discriminating hs- @entity3 levels to discern 5-year mortality were 0.028, 0.008, and 1.340ng/mL, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratios for the medium-low (0.009-0.028ng/mL), medium-high (0.029-1.340ng/mL), and high-risk (>= 1.341ng/mL) groups were 3.03 (95% confidence interval 1.18-7.77, p=0.021), 4.29 (1.63-11.28, p=0.003), and 8.68 (2.20-34.27, p=0.002), respectively. Integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) analysis revealed that incorporation of this hs- @entity3 classification scheme with other clinical variables statistically improved the discriminatory accuracy for 5-year mortality, with a time-dependent IDI of 0.0076 (p=0.033). CONCLUSIONS: hs- @entity3 levels at the convalescent stage were associated with long-term mortality in @entity2 @entity0 . Even subclinical elevation of hs- @entity3 levels was associated with increased 5-year mortality.

title: Subclinical elevation of high-sensitive troponin T levels at the convalescent stage is associated with increased 5-year mortality after XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) have been implicated in diverse physiological functions. @entity3 phosphorylates and activates @entity4 suggesting that at least some of these physiological functions may require both enzymes. To test the hypothesis that sequential activation of @entity3 and @entity4 is commonly involved in regulatory pathways, we utilized siRNA to knock down @entity3 and @entity4 in cultured @entity0 arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC). Microarray analysis using a whole-transcript expression chip identified changes in gene expression induced by @entity3 and @entity4 knockdown. @entity3 knockdown affected the expression of 553 genes, while @entity4 knockdown affected the expression of 390 genes. A high incidence of regulation of transcription regulator genes was observed in both knockdowns. Other affected groups included transporters, kinases, peptidases, transmembrane and G protein-coupled receptors, growth factors, phosphatases and ion channels. Only 76 differentially expressed genes were common to @entity3 and @entity4 knockdown. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified five pathways shared between the two knockdowns. We focused on cytokine signaling pathways since @entity3 knockdown up-regulated 5 and down-regulated 4 cytokine genes, in contrast to @entity4 knockdown, which affected the expression of only two cytokine genes (both down-regulated). @entity1 gene expression and secretion of @entity1 protein were up-regulated by @entity3 knockdown, whereas @entity4 knockdown reduced @entity1 mRNA expression and @entity1 protein secretion and increased @entity3 protein expression, suggesting that @entity3 may inhibit @entity1 secretion. @entity2 mRNA and protein levels were increased in response to @entity3 knockdown. Differences in the effects of @entity3 and @entity4 knockdown on cell cycle regulatory genes suggested that @entity3 and @entity4 regulate the cell cycle by different mechanisms. @entity3 , but not @entity4 knockdown reduced the viability and inhibited proliferation of vascular SMC. We conclude that @entity3 and @entity4 have diverse, but predominantly distinct regulatory functions in vascular SMC and that @entity3 -mediated activation of @entity4 is not involved in most of these functions.

title: The effects of knockdown of XXXX on gene expression and function in cultured @entity0 arterial smooth muscle cells.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) have been implicated in diverse physiological functions. @entity3 phosphorylates and activates @entity4 suggesting that at least some of these physiological functions may require both enzymes. To test the hypothesis that sequential activation of @entity3 and @entity4 is commonly involved in regulatory pathways, we utilized siRNA to knock down @entity3 and @entity4 in cultured @entity0 arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC). Microarray analysis using a whole-transcript expression chip identified changes in gene expression induced by @entity3 and @entity4 knockdown. @entity3 knockdown affected the expression of 553 genes, while @entity4 knockdown affected the expression of 390 genes. A high incidence of regulation of transcription regulator genes was observed in both knockdowns. Other affected groups included transporters, kinases, peptidases, transmembrane and G protein-coupled receptors, growth factors, phosphatases and ion channels. Only 76 differentially expressed genes were common to @entity3 and @entity4 knockdown. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified five pathways shared between the two knockdowns. We focused on cytokine signaling pathways since @entity3 knockdown up-regulated 5 and down-regulated 4 cytokine genes, in contrast to @entity4 knockdown, which affected the expression of only two cytokine genes (both down-regulated). @entity1 gene expression and secretion of @entity1 protein were up-regulated by @entity3 knockdown, whereas @entity4 knockdown reduced @entity1 mRNA expression and @entity1 protein secretion and increased @entity3 protein expression, suggesting that @entity3 may inhibit @entity1 secretion. @entity2 mRNA and protein levels were increased in response to @entity3 knockdown. Differences in the effects of @entity3 and @entity4 knockdown on cell cycle regulatory genes suggested that @entity3 and @entity4 regulate the cell cycle by different mechanisms. @entity3 , but not @entity4 knockdown reduced the viability and inhibited proliferation of vascular SMC. We conclude that @entity3 and @entity4 have diverse, but predominantly distinct regulatory functions in vascular SMC and that @entity3 -mediated activation of @entity4 is not involved in most of these functions.

title: The effects of knockdown of @entity4 on gene expression and function in cultured XXXX arterial smooth muscle cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 expression system is a powerful tool for the production of recombinant eukaryotic proteins. We use it to produce Shadoo, a protein belonging to the prion family. A chromatographic method for the purification of (His)6-tagged recombinant Shadoo expressed as inclusion bodies is described. The inclusion bodies are solubilized in 8 M @entity2 and bound to a @entity4 -charged column to perform ion affinity chromatography. Bound proteins are eluted by a gradient of @entity5 . Fractions containing Shadoo protein are subjected to size exclusion chromatography to obtain a highly purified protein. In the final step purified Shadoo is desalted to remove salts, @entity2 and @entity5 . Recombinant Shadoo protein is an important reagent for biophysical and biochemical studies of protein conformation disorders occurring in @entity3 . Many reports demonstrated that prion @entity0 originate from the deposition of stable, ordered amyloid fibrils. Sample protocols describing how to fibrillate Shadoo into amyloid fibrils at acidic and neutral/basic pHs are presented. The methods on how to produce and fibrillate Shadoo can facilitate research in laboratories working on @entity3 , since it allows for production of large amounts of protein in a rapid and low cost manner.

title: Purification and Refolding to Amyloid Fibrils of (His)6-tagged Recombinant Shadoo Protein Expressed as Inclusion Bodies in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of @entity4 @entity2 administered at 2 multiples of the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) on tissue perfusion in @entity1 . ANIMALS 8 healthy young adult Beagles. PROCEDURES A randomized crossover design was used. @entity1 were anesthetized with @entity4 at 1.5 or 2.0 times the MAC for 2 hours, a 7-day washout period was provided, and @entity1 were reanesthetized with the alternate treatment. Various physiologic variables were monitored before @entity2 (baseline), at 20-minute intervals during @entity2 , and after anesthetic recovery. Variable values were compared between MAC multiples by means of repeated-measures ANOVA, with the Tukey test used for multiple comparisons. RESULTS During @entity2 , mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, and mixed venous @entity0 saturation were significantly greater when @entity4 was administered at 1.5 versus 2.0 times the MAC. Cardiac output gradually increased during @entity2 at 1.5 times but not at 2.0 times the MAC. Arterial blood @entity3 concentration did not differ between MAC multiples at any point; however, this concentration decreased with increasing anesthetic duration at both MAC multiples. @entity0 delivery differed between MAC multiples, and @entity0 consumption differed from baseline during @entity2 at 2.0 times the MAC. @entity0 extraction was higher at 2.0 versus 1.5 times the MAC. Heart rate differed between MAC multiples only after anesthetic recovery. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE @entity4 @entity2 impaired tissue perfusion in @entity1 , but these changes would not be clinically relevant with @entity0 delivery at 100%. Peripheral tissue perfusion was maintained or improved with time.

title: Effects on indicators of tissue perfusion in @entity1 anesthetized with XXXX at two multiples of the minimum alveolar concentration.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of @entity4 @entity2 administered at 2 multiples of the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) on tissue perfusion in @entity1 . ANIMALS 8 healthy young adult Beagles. PROCEDURES A randomized crossover design was used. @entity1 were anesthetized with @entity4 at 1.5 or 2.0 times the MAC for 2 hours, a 7-day washout period was provided, and @entity1 were reanesthetized with the alternate treatment. Various physiologic variables were monitored before @entity2 (baseline), at 20-minute intervals during @entity2 , and after anesthetic recovery. Variable values were compared between MAC multiples by means of repeated-measures ANOVA, with the Tukey test used for multiple comparisons. RESULTS During @entity2 , mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, and mixed venous @entity0 saturation were significantly greater when @entity4 was administered at 1.5 versus 2.0 times the MAC. Cardiac output gradually increased during @entity2 at 1.5 times but not at 2.0 times the MAC. Arterial blood @entity3 concentration did not differ between MAC multiples at any point; however, this concentration decreased with increasing anesthetic duration at both MAC multiples. @entity0 delivery differed between MAC multiples, and @entity0 consumption differed from baseline during @entity2 at 2.0 times the MAC. @entity0 extraction was higher at 2.0 versus 1.5 times the MAC. Heart rate differed between MAC multiples only after anesthetic recovery. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE @entity4 @entity2 impaired tissue perfusion in @entity1 , but these changes would not be clinically relevant with @entity0 delivery at 100%. Peripheral tissue perfusion was maintained or improved with time.

title: Effects on indicators of tissue perfusion in XXXX anesthetized with @entity4 at two multiples of the minimum alveolar concentration.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The trafficking of T-lymphocytes to peripheral draining lymph nodes is crucial for mounting an adaptive immune response. The role of chemokines in the activation of integrins via Ras-related small GTPases has been well established. R-Ras is a member of the Ras-subfamily of small @entity2 -binding proteins and its role in T cell trafficking has been investigated in R-Ras null @entity0 ( @entity4 -/-). An examination of the lymphoid organs of @entity4 -/- @entity0 revealed a 40% reduction in the cellularity of the peripheral lymph nodes. Morphologically, the high endothelial venules of @entity4 -/- @entity0 were more disorganized and less mature than those of wild-type @entity0 . Furthermore, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from @entity4 -/- @entity0 had approximately 42% lower surface expression of @entity1 / @entity1 . These aberrant peripheral lymph node phenotypes were associated with proliferative and trafficking defects in @entity4 -/- T cells. Furthermore, R-Ras could be activated by the chemokine, CCL21. Indeed, @entity4 -/- T cells had approximately 14.5% attenuation in binding to @entity3 upon CCL21 stimulation. Finally, in a graft-versus host disease model, recipient @entity0 that were transfused with @entity4 -/- T cells showed a significant reduction in disease severity when compared with @entity0 transplanted with wild-type T cells. These findings implicate a role for R-Ras in T cell trafficking in the high endothelial venules during an effective immune response.

title: R-Ras Regulates @entity0 T Cell Migration and XXXX Binding.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The trafficking of T-lymphocytes to peripheral draining lymph nodes is crucial for mounting an adaptive immune response. The role of chemokines in the activation of integrins via Ras-related small GTPases has been well established. R-Ras is a member of the Ras-subfamily of small @entity2 -binding proteins and its role in T cell trafficking has been investigated in R-Ras null @entity0 ( @entity4 -/-). An examination of the lymphoid organs of @entity4 -/- @entity0 revealed a 40% reduction in the cellularity of the peripheral lymph nodes. Morphologically, the high endothelial venules of @entity4 -/- @entity0 were more disorganized and less mature than those of wild-type @entity0 . Furthermore, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from @entity4 -/- @entity0 had approximately 42% lower surface expression of @entity1 / @entity1 . These aberrant peripheral lymph node phenotypes were associated with proliferative and trafficking defects in @entity4 -/- T cells. Furthermore, R-Ras could be activated by the chemokine, CCL21. Indeed, @entity4 -/- T cells had approximately 14.5% attenuation in binding to @entity3 upon CCL21 stimulation. Finally, in a graft-versus host disease model, recipient @entity0 that were transfused with @entity4 -/- T cells showed a significant reduction in disease severity when compared with @entity0 transplanted with wild-type T cells. These findings implicate a role for R-Ras in T cell trafficking in the high endothelial venules during an effective immune response.

title: R-Ras Regulates XXXX T Cell Migration and @entity3 Binding.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Clinical data show that disease adversely affects tissue elasticity or @entity1 . While macrophage activity plays a critical role in driving disease pathology, there are limited data available on the effects of tissue @entity1 on macrophage activity. In this study, the effects of substrate @entity1 on inflammatory mediator production by macrophages were investigated. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were grown on @entity3 gels that mimicked the @entity1 of a variety of soft biological tissues. Overall, macrophages grown on soft substrates produced less proinflammatory mediators than macrophages grown on stiff substrates when the endotoxin @entity0 was added to media. In addition, the pathways involved in @entity1 -regulated proinflammation were investigated. The @entity2 signaling pathway was examined by evaluating @entity2 , p-NF-kB @entity5 , @entity4 , and p-IkBa expression as well as p-NF-kB @entity5 translocation. Expression and translocation of the various signaling molecules were higher in macrophages grown on stiff substrates than on soft substrates. Furthermore, @entity2 knockout experiments showed that @entity2 activity enhanced proinflammation on stiff substrates. In conclusion, these results suggest that proinflammatory mediator production initiated by @entity2 is mechanically regulated in macrophages.

title: Substrate Stiffness Regulates Proinflammatory Mediator Production through XXXX Activity in Macrophages.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In 14 open-chest mongrel @entity0 , the effects of heart rate on hemodynamic severity of proximal @entity4 were studied. @entity2 was produced by a circumferential wire snare on left circumflex coronary artery. An intermediate @entity2 was defined by reduction of peak reactive @entity1 response to 200% of control flow, a critical @entity2 by prevention of any reactive @entity1 flow to a 15-s occlusion. Heart rate was increased stepwise from control to 160 and 200 beats/min by left atrial pacing. In intermediate @entity2 , increased pacing rate reduced peripheral coronary pressure distal to the @entity2 from 77 +/- 3 to 73 +/- 4 to 65 +/- 3 mm Hg (p less than 0.05) and increased @entity2 resistance from 0.30 +/- 0.05 to 0.34 +/- 0.05 to 0.35 +/- 0.05 resistance units (p less than 0.05). In critical @entity2 , increased heart rate changed peripheral coronary pressure from 45 +/- 5 to 49 +/- 5 to 48 +/- 5 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) and reduced stenotic resistance from 1.24 +/- 0.19 to 1.08 +/- 0.18 to 1.15 +/- 0.19 resistance units (p less than 0.005). A significant correlation between changes in stenotic resistance and peripheral coronary pressure was obtained (r = -0.71, p less than 0.001). In maximally dilated coronary arteries, a circumferential @entity2 decreased circumflex artery flow to 50%. Increased pacing rate up to nearly 200 beats/min raised peripheral coronary pressure distal to the @entity2 from 51 +/- 4 to 56 +/- 4 mm Hg (p less than 0.005) and changed stenotic resistance from 0.41 +/- 0.13 to 0.30 +/- 0.06 to 0.33 +/- 0.10 resistance units (p less than 0.05). It is assumed that the changes in peripheral coronary pressure alter the luminal area of the @entity2 and hence calculated stenotic resistance. Other possible mechanisms like turbulent streaming, vasomotion or @entity3 appear to be of minor importance in the present experimental conditions.

title: Effects of heart rate on hemodynamic severity of XXXX in the @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In 14 open-chest mongrel @entity0 , the effects of heart rate on hemodynamic severity of proximal @entity4 were studied. @entity2 was produced by a circumferential wire snare on left circumflex coronary artery. An intermediate @entity2 was defined by reduction of peak reactive @entity1 response to 200% of control flow, a critical @entity2 by prevention of any reactive @entity1 flow to a 15-s occlusion. Heart rate was increased stepwise from control to 160 and 200 beats/min by left atrial pacing. In intermediate @entity2 , increased pacing rate reduced peripheral coronary pressure distal to the @entity2 from 77 +/- 3 to 73 +/- 4 to 65 +/- 3 mm Hg (p less than 0.05) and increased @entity2 resistance from 0.30 +/- 0.05 to 0.34 +/- 0.05 to 0.35 +/- 0.05 resistance units (p less than 0.05). In critical @entity2 , increased heart rate changed peripheral coronary pressure from 45 +/- 5 to 49 +/- 5 to 48 +/- 5 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) and reduced stenotic resistance from 1.24 +/- 0.19 to 1.08 +/- 0.18 to 1.15 +/- 0.19 resistance units (p less than 0.005). A significant correlation between changes in stenotic resistance and peripheral coronary pressure was obtained (r = -0.71, p less than 0.001). In maximally dilated coronary arteries, a circumferential @entity2 decreased circumflex artery flow to 50%. Increased pacing rate up to nearly 200 beats/min raised peripheral coronary pressure distal to the @entity2 from 51 +/- 4 to 56 +/- 4 mm Hg (p less than 0.005) and changed stenotic resistance from 0.41 +/- 0.13 to 0.30 +/- 0.06 to 0.33 +/- 0.10 resistance units (p less than 0.05). It is assumed that the changes in peripheral coronary pressure alter the luminal area of the @entity2 and hence calculated stenotic resistance. Other possible mechanisms like turbulent streaming, vasomotion or @entity3 appear to be of minor importance in the present experimental conditions.

title: Effects of heart rate on hemodynamic severity of @entity4 in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To report visual, refractive, and topographic outcomes of sequential, same-day small-incision lenticule extraction and intrastromal corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) in eyes with mild @entity2 . SETTING: Institute of Ophthalmology Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico. DESIGN: Prospective interventional case series. METHODS: Fifteen eyes with forme fruste @entity2 and/or irregular corneas, corrected distance visual acuity 20/40 or better, stable refraction of at least 1 year, age 18 years or older, and residual corneal thickness of greater tan 400  m before performing collagen crosslinking were studied. @entity0 were treated with small-incision lenticule extraction followed by intrastromal injection of @entity1 inside the pocket. Ultraviolet A light with a wavelength of 370 nm to 3 mW/cm(2) was applied for 30 minutes. Follow-up was done at 1 day, at 1 week, and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. RESULTS: Eight @entity0 were included in the study. The mean age was 29.5 years    5.5 (SD) (range 20 to 36 years). Twenty-four months of follow-up were completed in 13 eyes, and 12 months were completed in 2 eyes. Preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity improved from 1.6    0.3 LogMAR (Snellen 20/796) to postoperative 0.12    0.20 LogMAR (Snellen 20/26) and was statistically significant (P < .001). Best-corrected distance visual acuity did not change significantly (P = .186), from 0.006    0.02 LogMAR (Snellen 20/20) preoperatively to 0.04    0.05 LogMAR (Snellen 20/21) postoperatively, and spherical equivalent improved from -4.3    1.02 preoperatively to 0.2    0.66 (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Although further follow-up and larger samples are needed to fully confirm these findings, the results suggest that combined small-incision lenticule extraction and intrastromal corneal collagen crosslinking are a promising treatment option for @entity0 for whom conventional laser refractive surgery is contraindicated. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: Drs. Ramirez-Miranda and Navas are consultants to Carl Zeiss Meditec. No other author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Combined small-incision lenticule extraction and intrastromal corneal collagen crosslinking to  treat mild XXXX : Long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Decline in bone formation is a major contributing factor to the loss of bone mass associated with aging. We previously showed that the genetic ablation of the tissue-restricted and multifunctional @entity1 /calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 ( @entity7 ) stimulates trabecular bone mass accrual, mainly by promoting anabolic pathways and inhibiting catabolic pathways of bone remodeling. In this study, we investigated whether inhibition of this kinase using its selective cell-permeable inhibitor @entity6 will stimulate bone formation in 32 week old male @entity5 @entity0 and reverse age-associated of decline in bone volume and strength. Tri-weekly intraperitoneal injections of saline or @entity6 (10  M) were performed for six weeks followed by metabolic labeling with @entity4 and @entity3 red. New bone formation was assessed by dynamic histomorphometry whereas micro-computed tomography was employed to measure trabecular bone volume, microarchitecture and femoral mid-shaft geometry. Cortical and trabecular bone biomechanical properties were assessed using three-point bending and punch compression methods respectively. Our results reveal that as they progress from 12 to 32 weeks of age, @entity5 @entity0 sustain a significant decline in trabecular bone volume, microarchitecture and strength as well as cortical bone strength. However, treatment of the 32 week old @entity5 @entity0 with @entity6 stimulated apposition of new bone and completely reversed the age-associated decrease in bone volume, quality, as well as trabecular and cortical bone strength. We also observed that regardless of age, male @entity7 (-/-) @entity0 possessed significantly elevated trabecular bone volume, microarchitecture and compressive strength as well as cortical bone strength compared to age-matched @entity5 @entity0 , implying that the chronic loss of this kinase attenuates age-associated decline in bone mass. Further, whereas @entity6 treatment and/or the absence of @entity7 significantly enhanced the femoral mid-shaft geometry, the mid-shaft cortical wall thickness and material bending stress remained similar among the cohorts, implying that regardless of treatment, the material properties of the bone remain similar. Thus, our cumulative results provide evidence for the pharmacological inhibition of @entity7 as a bone anabolic strategy in combating age-associated @entity2 .

title: Inhibition of XXXX reverses age-associated decline in bone mass.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of a total endoscopic technique for selective neck dissection in @entity1 and to compare the technique with conventional open technique with a long cervical scar. METHODS: We included @entity0 with early intraorally resectable @entity7 and excluded @entity0 whose @entity2 required reconstruction with microvascular flaps. We compared the following intraoperative parameters: cumulative length of the incision(s), duration of surgery, estimated @entity4 , and intraoperative complications. The postoperative parameters included hospital stay, shoulder function, duration of analgesic use, and early @entity5 . We used Shoulder @entity3 And Disability Index scores to assess shoulder function and assessed the oncologic outcome histopathologically by the number of nodes dissected. RESULTS: The mean operative time for minimally invasive supraomohyoid neck dissection (MISOND) was 53.7      29.8  min, which was significantly longer than 39.4      5.0  min for the open technique. The estimated @entity4 in the MISOND group was significantly lower compared with the open technique (p  <  0.001), and there were no major intraoperative complications in either group. Postoperative recovery assessed by hospital stay and time to resume routine work was slightly shorter in the MISOND group but not statistically significant. There were no reported early @entity5 such as @entity6 , wound dehiscence, or chyle leakage in either group. The mean Shoulder @entity3 And Disability Index score assessed 2  weeks postoperatively for the MISOND group was 14.35      0.71  %, which was significantly better than 44.14      1.18  % for the open technique (p  <  0.001). The number of nodes dissected showed no significant difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS: MISOND is a feasible and safe procedure with immediate oncologic outcomes comparable with those of conventional open SOND and provides better cosmetic and functional outcomes.

title: Minimally invasive supraomohyoid neck dissection by total endoscopic technique for oral XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is considered a rare cause of @entity2 partly because it is not detected if the platelet count is not elevated. However, early detection of @entity10 is important because @entity4 can recur frequently, unless adequately treated. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from 10 @entity2 cases with @entity10 . Clinical characteristics, location of @entity2 , laboratory data (platelet and leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and @entity8 @entity9 mutation), and treatment were reviewed. RESULTS: The population consisted of 7 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 aged 18-83  years. Most @entity0 had @entity5 risk factors. Half of the @entity0 had a history of @entity3 . In 8 @entity0 , @entity3 was the first manifestation of @entity10 . Of 13 acute cerebrovascular events, 4 were transient @entity1 attacks and 9 were @entity3 . Three @entity0 presented with @entity6 without large @entity7 . Two @entity0 had @entity5 stenosis of the large artery and experienced @entity6 . The mean platelet count was 966      383  *  10(9)/L. @entity8 @entity9 mutation was found in 5 of 7 @entity0 . Despite treatment with combined antiplatelet and cytoreductive therapy in all @entity0 , 3 experienced recurrent @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity10 is an adjunctive risk factor for @entity2 and the @entity0 with @entity10 are subject to @entity6 even in the absence of large @entity7 . Early diagnosis of @entity10 and strict management of vascular risk factors may help prevent additional cerebrovascular events.

title: XXXX with @entity10 : A Case Series.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is considered a rare cause of @entity2 partly because it is not detected if the platelet count is not elevated. However, early detection of @entity10 is important because @entity4 can recur frequently, unless adequately treated. METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from 10 @entity2 cases with @entity10 . Clinical characteristics, location of @entity2 , laboratory data (platelet and leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and @entity8 @entity9 mutation), and treatment were reviewed. RESULTS: The population consisted of 7 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 aged 18-83  years. Most @entity0 had @entity5 risk factors. Half of the @entity0 had a history of @entity3 . In 8 @entity0 , @entity3 was the first manifestation of @entity10 . Of 13 acute cerebrovascular events, 4 were transient @entity1 attacks and 9 were @entity3 . Three @entity0 presented with @entity6 without large @entity7 . Two @entity0 had @entity5 stenosis of the large artery and experienced @entity6 . The mean platelet count was 966      383  *  10(9)/L. @entity8 @entity9 mutation was found in 5 of 7 @entity0 . Despite treatment with combined antiplatelet and cytoreductive therapy in all @entity0 , 3 experienced recurrent @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that @entity10 is an adjunctive risk factor for @entity2 and the @entity0 with @entity10 are subject to @entity6 even in the absence of large @entity7 . Early diagnosis of @entity10 and strict management of vascular risk factors may help prevent additional cerebrovascular events.

title: @entity3 with XXXX : A Case Series.

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3 activating mutations have been recognized as the most important predictor of response to @entity3 - @entity4 kinase inhibitors ( @entity3 -TKIs). However, 20-30% of @entity0 harboring @entity3 activating mutations show a poor response requiring investigation for underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Characteristics of 541 @entity0 with @entity1 harboring @entity3 activating mutations were analyzed to determine contributing factors that could differentiate responders and non-responders. In addition, previously suggested moleculo-pathologic factors of resistance such as IkB, @entity6 , @entity5 , MET, @entity9 and BIM were evaluated in @entity0 exhibiting primary resistance who had sufficient biopsied tissues available for analyses. RESULTS: Responders to @entity3 -TKIs had a higher incidence of deletion mutations and more frequent presence of @entity3 amplifications than non-responders. The median OS was 21 months (95% CI 26.1-30.4) in responders compared to 8 months (95% CI 8.7-15.8) in non-responders (p<0.001). In analyses of @entity0 with primary resistance, we found that 27.3% (6/22) of them exhibited decreased expression of IkB, and 9.1% (2/22) of @entity0 showed increased expression of @entity6 . Loss of @entity5 was noted in 54.5%, and BIM polymorphism was found in 19% of @entity0 . No @entity0 had MET amplification, while expression of @entity9 was detected in 5 @entity0 . Two @entity0 had simultaneous @entity7 @entity3 or @entity8 mutation alongside @entity3 activating mutation. Most of @entity0 exhibited @entity2 of these factors. The overall survival was worse in the group with multiple resistant factors. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that mechanisms of primary resistance may be more complex than those underlying acquired resistance, with several factors concomitantly contributing to primary resistance.

title: Multiple resistant factors in XXXX with primary resistance to @entity3 -TK inhibitors confer poor survival.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity3 activating mutations have been recognized as the most important predictor of response to @entity3 - @entity4 kinase inhibitors ( @entity3 -TKIs). However, 20-30% of @entity0 harboring @entity3 activating mutations show a poor response requiring investigation for underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Characteristics of 541 @entity0 with @entity1 harboring @entity3 activating mutations were analyzed to determine contributing factors that could differentiate responders and non-responders. In addition, previously suggested moleculo-pathologic factors of resistance such as IkB, @entity6 , @entity5 , MET, @entity9 and BIM were evaluated in @entity0 exhibiting primary resistance who had sufficient biopsied tissues available for analyses. RESULTS: Responders to @entity3 -TKIs had a higher incidence of deletion mutations and more frequent presence of @entity3 amplifications than non-responders. The median OS was 21 months (95% CI 26.1-30.4) in responders compared to 8 months (95% CI 8.7-15.8) in non-responders (p<0.001). In analyses of @entity0 with primary resistance, we found that 27.3% (6/22) of them exhibited decreased expression of IkB, and 9.1% (2/22) of @entity0 showed increased expression of @entity6 . Loss of @entity5 was noted in 54.5%, and BIM polymorphism was found in 19% of @entity0 . No @entity0 had MET amplification, while expression of @entity9 was detected in 5 @entity0 . Two @entity0 had simultaneous @entity7 @entity3 or @entity8 mutation alongside @entity3 activating mutation. Most of @entity0 exhibited @entity2 of these factors. The overall survival was worse in the group with multiple resistant factors. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that mechanisms of primary resistance may be more complex than those underlying acquired resistance, with several factors concomitantly contributing to primary resistance.

title: Multiple resistant factors in @entity1 with primary resistance to XXXX -TK inhibitors confer poor survival.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The vertebrate heart consists of three cell layers: the innermost endothelium, the contractile myocardium and the outermost epicardium. The epicardium is vital for heart development and function, and forms from epicardial progenitor cells (EPCs), which migrate to the myocardium during early development. Disruptions in EPC migration and epicardium formation result in a number of @entity1 , many of which resemble @entity1 in @entity0 . Hence, it is important to understand the mechanisms that influence EPC migration and spreading in the developing heart. In vitro approaches heretofore have been limited to monolayer epicardial cell cultures, which may not fully capture the complex interactions that can occur between epicardial and myocardial cells in vivo. RESULTS: Here we describe a novel in vitro co-culture assay for assessing epicardial cell migration using embryonic @entity2 hearts. We isolated donor hearts from embryonic @entity2 carrying an epicardial-specific fluorescent reporter after epicardial cells were present on the heart. These were co-cultured with recipient hearts expressing a myocardial-specific fluorescent reporter, isolated prior to EPC migration. Using this method, we can clearly visualize the movement of epicardial cells from the donor heart onto the myocardium of the recipient heart. We demonstrate the utility of this method by showing that epicardial cell migration is significantly delayed or absent when myocardial cells lack contractility and when myocardial cells are deficient in @entity3 expression. CONCLUSIONS: We present a method to assess the migration of epicardial cells in an in vitro assay, wherein the migration of epicardial cells from a donor heart onto the myocardium of a recipient heart in co-culture is monitored and scored. The donor and recipient hearts can be independently manipulated, using either genetic tools or pharmacological agents. This allows flexibility in experimental design for determining the role that target genes/signaling pathways in specific cell types may have on epicardial cell migration.

title: A co-culture assay of embryonic XXXX hearts to assess migration of epicardial cells in vitro.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Immunosenescence (deteriorating immune function at old age) affects @entity0 and laboratory animals, but little is known about immunosenescence in natural populations despite its potential importance for population and disease dynamics and individual @entity3 . Although life histories and immune system profiles often differ between the sexes, sex-specific effects of aging on health are rarely studied in the wild. Life history theory predicts that due to their shorter lifespan and higher investment into reproduction at the expense of immune defences, males might experience accelerated immunosenescence. We tested this hypothesis by examining sex-specific age trajectories of endoparasite burden (helminth prevalence and morphotype @entity4 measured via fecal egg counts), an indicator of overall health, in wild gray @entity1 lemurs (Microcebus murinus). To account for potential interactions between seasonality and host sex or age we examined the predictors of parasite burdens separately for the dry and rainy season. RESULTS: Contrary to the prediction of immunosenescence, parasite prevalence and morphotype @entity4 decreased at old age in the dry season, indicating acquired immunity by older animals. This pattern was primarily caused by within-individual decline in parasite loads rather than the earlier mortality of highly parasitized individuals. With the exception of an increasing cestode prevalence in males from yearlings to prime age in the rainy season, no evidence was found of male-biased ageing in parasite resistance. Besides this sex*age interaction, host age was uncorrelated with rainy season parasite loads. Seasonality did not affect the overall parasite loads but seasonal patterns were found in the predictors of parasite prevalence and morphotype @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: These results provide rare information about the age-related patterns of health in a wild vertebrate population and suggest improvement rather than senescence in the @entity2 at old age. Overall, males appear not to suffer from earlier immunosenescence relative to females. This may partially reflect the earlier mortality of males, which can render senescence difficult to detect. @entity2 are not strongly associated with survival in wild gray @entity1 lemurs, parasite load may, however, reflect overall good phenotypic quality of long-lived individuals, and is a potential correlate of @entity3 .

title: Host sex and age influence endoparasite burdens in the gray XXXX lemur.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined whether @entity1 moderates response to financial incentives for cessation among pregnant smokers. @entity0 were randomized to receive financial incentives delivered contingent on smoking abstinence or to a control condition wherein incentives were delivered independent of smoking status. The study was conducted in two steps: First, we examined associations between baseline @entity1 and abstinence at late pregnancy and 24-weeks-postpartum as part of a planned prospective study of this topic using data from a recently completed, randomized controlled clinical trial (N = 118). Next, to increase statistical power, we conducted a second analysis collapsing results across that recent trial and two prior trials involving the same study conditions (N = 236). Impulsivity was assessed using a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of hypothetical monetary rewards task in all three trials and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) in the most recent trial. Neither @entity2 nor BIS predicted smoking status in the single or combined trials. Receiving abstinence-contingent incentives, lower baseline smoking rate, and a history of quit attempts prepregnancy predicted greater odds of antepartum abstinence across the single and combined trials. No variable predicted postpartum abstinence across the single and combined trials, although a history of antepartum quit attempts and receiving abstinence-contingent incentives predicted in the single and combined trials, respectively. Overall, this study provides no evidence that @entity1 as assessed by @entity2 or BIS moderates response to this treatment approach while underscoring a substantial association of smoking rate and prior quit attempts with abstinence across the contingent incentives and control treatment conditions. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Does XXXX moderate response to financial incentives for smoking cessation among pregnant and newly postpartum @entity0 ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined whether @entity1 moderates response to financial incentives for cessation among pregnant smokers. @entity0 were randomized to receive financial incentives delivered contingent on smoking abstinence or to a control condition wherein incentives were delivered independent of smoking status. The study was conducted in two steps: First, we examined associations between baseline @entity1 and abstinence at late pregnancy and 24-weeks-postpartum as part of a planned prospective study of this topic using data from a recently completed, randomized controlled clinical trial (N = 118). Next, to increase statistical power, we conducted a second analysis collapsing results across that recent trial and two prior trials involving the same study conditions (N = 236). Impulsivity was assessed using a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of hypothetical monetary rewards task in all three trials and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) in the most recent trial. Neither @entity2 nor BIS predicted smoking status in the single or combined trials. Receiving abstinence-contingent incentives, lower baseline smoking rate, and a history of quit attempts prepregnancy predicted greater odds of antepartum abstinence across the single and combined trials. No variable predicted postpartum abstinence across the single and combined trials, although a history of antepartum quit attempts and receiving abstinence-contingent incentives predicted in the single and combined trials, respectively. Overall, this study provides no evidence that @entity1 as assessed by @entity2 or BIS moderates response to this treatment approach while underscoring a substantial association of smoking rate and prior quit attempts with abstinence across the contingent incentives and control treatment conditions. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Does @entity1 moderate response to financial incentives for smoking cessation among pregnant and newly postpartum XXXX ?

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine gender differences in baseline and outcome variables in clinical trials for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHOD: Data from 11 randomized controlled psychosocial treatment studies were aggregated (N = 1,325: 208 male, 1,117 female). Baseline and outcome symptoms were assessed via the interview and questionnaire versions of the @entity1 Examination (EDE). Multilevel analyses were conducted investigating gender differences at baseline and posttreatment, defined as EDE scores, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) reduction, and @entity2 remission at termination. RESULTS: Few males from low socioeconomic status or minority groups participated in the outcome studies. Males reported significantly lower EDE global, shape, weight, and eating concerns at baseline. No main effects of gender were found in treatment outcome scores when controlling for baseline differences; however, baseline EDE global score (which showed gender differences at baseline) and OBEs directly predicted outcome for both males and females. A significant interaction between gender, treatment length, and shape/weight concerns indicated that males with lower shape/weight concerns achieved @entity2 remission in shorter treatments, whereas @entity0 with high shape/weight concerns and @entity0 with either high or low shape/weight concerns were more likely to achieve @entity2 remission in treatments of longer duration. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest @entity3 treatment studies must improve their recruitment of @entity0 and appeal to @entity0 with lower shape/weight concerns. Additionally, longer term treatments, although more efficacious for @entity0 and @entity0 with more severe shape/weight concerns, may not be necessary for @entity0 with low shape/weight concerns. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Gender differences in clinical trials of XXXX : An analysis of aggregated data.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In computed tomographic imaging of @entity4 spot sign on computed tomographic angiography has been established as a marker for @entity3 expansion and poor clinical outcome. Although, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can accurately visualize @entity4 , a corresponding MRI marker is lacking to date. METHODS: We prospectively examined 50 consecutive @entity0 with @entity4 within 24 hours of symptom onset. The MRI protocol consisted of a @entity1 protocol and dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging with a time resolution of 7.07 s/batch. @entity1 scores were assessed at admission and at time of discharge. Volume measurements of @entity3 size and spot sign were performed with MRIcron. RESULTS: Contrast extravasation within sites of the @entity2 (MRI spot sign) was seen in 46% of the @entity0 . @entity0 with an MRI spot sign had a significantly shorter time to imaging than those without (P<0.001). The clinical outcome measured by the modified Rankin Scale was significantly worse in @entity0 with spot sign compared with those without (P <=0.001). @entity3 expansion was observed in the spot sign group compared with the nonspot sign group, although the differences were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Spot sign can be detected using MRI on postcontrast T1-weighted and dynamic T1-weighted images. It is associated with worse clinical outcome. The time course of contrast extravasation in dynamic T1 images indicates that these spots represent ongoing @entity2 .

title: Spot Sign in Acute XXXX in Dynamic T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity12 ( @entity12 ) represents the first stage of @entity15 preceding changes in systolic function, reinforcing the importance of early examination of ventricular function in individuals with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the incidence of asymptomatic @entity12 in newly diagnosed normotensive cases of type 2 @entity1 subjects, and its relation to glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C), age at the time of diagnosis, body mass index (BMI) and serum total @entity4 . AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence of @entity12 ( @entity12 ) and its correlation with @entity14 C in normotensive, newly diagnosed type 2 @entity1 @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was done in western U.P. on 100 @entity0 of newly diagnosed (within 1 month) type 2 @entity1 between @entity0 30 and 60 years of age, visiting the Medicine and Endocrinology outpatient Department of LLRM Medical College, Meerut. @entity0 with @entity13 and already taking antidiabetic treatment, @entity7 like @entity8 , @entity2 and @entity3 , @entity11 , @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity9 , severe @entity10 and haemoglobinopathies were excluded from the study. These @entity0 were informed about the study and informed consent was obtained before proceeding with the investigations. @entity0 selected were evaluated with relevant investigations like fasting and post prandial blood sugar, HbA1C level, lipid profile and 2D echocardiography to assess @entity12 . These selected @entity0 were divided in 2 groups; one with @entity12 ( @entity12 ) and second group of subjects without @entity12 . Various parameters like HbA1C, age, body mass index and serum @entity4 were evaluated between these 2 groups. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t-test, Chi-square and Fisher Exact-test. RESULTS: Out of 100 @entity0 65 were males and 35 females. Mean age of the population was 50.08    6.32 years. Overall incidence of @entity12 was 41%. Grade 1 @entity12 was most common. Mean @entity14 C level of @entity12 group was found higher as compared to those without @entity12 . CONCLUSION: @entity12 is very common at the time of diagnosis of type 2 @entity1 even in normotensive @entity0 independent of confounding effect of @entity3 , @entity2 and BMI. @entity14 C and age, were found to be strong indicators of @entity12 in newly diagnosed cases of Type 2 @entity1 .

title: Study on Diastolic Dysfunction in Newly Diagnosed XXXX and its Correlation with Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1C).

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study is to analyze outcome and the decision making process to approach airway invasion by @entity2 . METHODS: Retrospective study of 30 years experience in thyroid surgery for @entity1 invading airway. Clinical records, surgical and pathology reports have been analyzed to assess which principles and procedural details are significant to facilitate efficient diagnosis, staging and treatment. Medical therapy was not evaluated. RESULTS: Out of a consecutive series of 2165 @entity2 @entity0 , T4a @entity1 are 303. Airway invasion was found in 141 cases. Well-differentiated pattern was determined in 110 while other histology was reported in 31. Airway-related symptoms have been recorded in 111 @entity0 . Flexible bronchoscopy was performed in all @entity0 . Rapidly evolving disease or non-resectable airway was found in 105 cases. Permanent tracheotomy was performed in 43 cases, airway lumen restoration with or without stenting in 39, laryngectomy in 8, segmental airway resection and reconstruction in 28. Perioperative mortality was recorded after palliative treatment only. In resected @entity0 , completely radical surgery was not always achievable. All @entity0 with positive margin after resection underwent adjuvant treatment and showed comparable survival to radical surgery @entity0 after 5 years. Tumor relapse occurred in 8 cases (distant or locoregional). @entity0 with unresectable disease require treatment for symptoms relief but survival is poor. CONCLUSION: Although some @entity0 are currently referred with a severely advanced disease, the indication for tracheotomy, salvage procedures or supportive care has decreased over time. Resection is feasible for differentiated @entity1 with an overall good outcome.

title: XXXX invading the airway: Diagnosis and management.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the @entity3 treated with enhanced chemotherapy regimen and increase of treatment courses, including number of treatment courses, short-term efficacy, long-term survival and safety. METHODS: All the 254 cases of @entity3 in our hospital from January 2004 to February 2014 received a variety of intensive enhanced chemotherapy regimen, such as CHOPE, MAED, MMED and TAED. The median number of treatment course was 14, including 8 in the 1st year, 4 in the 2nd and 2 in the 3rd. RESULTS: (1) In 254 assessable @entity0 , 182 @entity0 (71.7%) achieved complete responses (CR), 30 @entity0 (11.8%) achieved partial responses (PR), 22 @entity0 (8.7%) achieved @entity1 ( @entity1 ), 20 @entity0 (7.9%) achieved @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 212 @entity0 (83.5%) achieved response rate (RR). The median time of following-up was 56.5 months, the overall survivals (OS) of 1, 3 and 5 years were 90.1%, 74.5% and 61.1% respectively, the median survival time was 69 months, and the disease-free survivals (DFS) were 81.8%, 65.4% and 54.7% respectively, the median DFS was 65 months. (2) In therapeutic effects at early phase, the 3-year OS of @entity0 who achieved CR, PR, @entity1 and @entity2 were 92.2%, 56.0%, 20.2% and 0% respectively; The 5-year OS of @entity0 who achieved CR through  <=4 cycle treatments and the 5-year OS of @entity0 who achieved CR through >4 cycles treatments were 83.1% and 6.8%, their DFS were 72.4% and 0% respectively. (3) The relapse rates of @entity0 who received < 6, 6-8, 9-10, 11-13, 14, 15 and 20 cycle treatments were 82.5%, 78.9%, 71.9%, 65.8%, 41.8%, 30.4% and 16.7%. The response rate (RR) of @entity0 who received 6-8 traditional chemotherapy cycle as @entity4 or @entity4 -like regimen were 50%-60% and relapse rate > 70%. CONCLUSION: Compared with traditional chemotherapy regimens, the dose-escalated, intensive and modified chemotherapy regimen can significatly improve the therapeutic efficiency for @entity0 with @entity3 , including CR, long-term survival rate, and a good tolerance for @entity0 . The chemotherapy intensity has been confirmed to be an important factor that associated with therapeutic efficiency. On the conditions tolerated by @entity0 , the number of treatment cycles for @entity3 @entity0 can be increased at lest 14, with 8 in the first year, 4 in the second year and 2 in the third year. The increase of chemotherapy cycle can obviously reduce the relapse rate and improve the long-term prognosis of @entity0 . It is worth to further explore.

title: [Clinical Study of XXXX Treated with Enhanced Chemotherapy Regimen and Increased Treatment Courses].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Meta-analyses indicate 50% of cases of @entity1 are not detected by GPs. It is important to examine @entity0 and GP characteristics associated with misclassification so that systems can be improved to increase accurate detection and optimal management for groups at risk of @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To examine @entity0 and GP characteristics associated with GP misclassification of @entity1 for @entity0 classified by the @entity0 Health Questionnaire-9 as depressed. METHODS: A cross-sectional study within general practices in two states of Australia. GPs completed a one-page paper and pencil survey indicating whether they thought each @entity0 was clinically depressed. @entity0 completed a computer tablet survey while waiting for their appointment to provide demographic information and indicate @entity1 status. Chi-square analyses were used to determine whether @entity0 and GP characteristics were associated with a false-negative and false-positive result. The probability of misclassification was modelled using Generalized Estimating Equations to account for clustering of @entity0 . RESULTS: Fifty GPs from 12 practices participated. GPs completed surveys for 1880 @entity0 . Younger @entity0 aged 25-44, and those with a health care card were less likely to have a false-negative assessment. @entity0 with 0-3 GP visits in the past 12 months, and those with private health insurance were less likely to have a false-positive assessment. GPs who worked five sessions or fewer per week were more likely to make false-positive assessments.

title: Unassisted detection of XXXX by GPs: who is most likely to be misclassified?

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In social mammals, the position of a male in the group's hierarchy strongly affects his reproductive success. Since a high social rank is often gained through competition with other males, selection should favour bigger males over smaller ones. We may therefore predict faster growth and/or delayed sexual @entity4 in dominant males. Likewise, dominants should have higher levels of @entity2 , hormone important in many aspects of male dominance. Less obvious is the relationship between dominance and levels of @entity5 but generally higher concentrations are expected in subordinate individuals. We studied body growth, sexual maturation and endocrinal changes in males of two @entity0 , raised in fraternal pairs. Since @entity8 is the subspecies which dominates mutual encounters with @entity7 we predicted higher growth rate, delayed @entity3 and @entity1 , and higher @entity2 and @entity5 levels in domesticus males compared to musculus. In all comparisons, no differences were found between dominant and subordinate musculus brothers. On the other hand, in M. @entity6 , dominant males revealed a different growth trajectory and lower @entity5 levels than subordinate males but not delayed @entity3 and higher @entity2 concentrations, thus contradicting our predictions. In inter-subspecific comparisons, musculus males matured earlier but became @entity1 at the same time as domesticus males. The musculus @entity2 ontogeny suggests that social positions in this subspecies remain unfixed for an extended period and that the increasing levels probably reflect prolonged hierarchy contests. It appears that the ontogeny of behaviour and physiological traits diverge cryptically between the two subspecies.

title: Shaking the myth: Body mass, XXXX , steroid hormones, and social dominance in wild @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In social mammals, the position of a male in the group's hierarchy strongly affects his reproductive success. Since a high social rank is often gained through competition with other males, selection should favour bigger males over smaller ones. We may therefore predict faster growth and/or delayed sexual @entity4 in dominant males. Likewise, dominants should have higher levels of @entity2 , hormone important in many aspects of male dominance. Less obvious is the relationship between dominance and levels of @entity5 but generally higher concentrations are expected in subordinate individuals. We studied body growth, sexual maturation and endocrinal changes in males of two @entity0 , raised in fraternal pairs. Since @entity8 is the subspecies which dominates mutual encounters with @entity7 we predicted higher growth rate, delayed @entity3 and @entity1 , and higher @entity2 and @entity5 levels in domesticus males compared to musculus. In all comparisons, no differences were found between dominant and subordinate musculus brothers. On the other hand, in M. @entity6 , dominant males revealed a different growth trajectory and lower @entity5 levels than subordinate males but not delayed @entity3 and higher @entity2 concentrations, thus contradicting our predictions. In inter-subspecific comparisons, musculus males matured earlier but became @entity1 at the same time as domesticus males. The musculus @entity2 ontogeny suggests that social positions in this subspecies remain unfixed for an extended period and that the increasing levels probably reflect prolonged hierarchy contests. It appears that the ontogeny of behaviour and physiological traits diverge cryptically between the two subspecies.

title: Shaking the myth: Body mass, @entity1 , steroid hormones, and social dominance in wild XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Decompressive craniectomy is an established treatment for @entity5 . Cranioplasty is performed once cerebral swelling has resolved. Complications include @entity3 , postoperative fluid collections, @entity8 , reoperation, and @entity4 . Our experience using a double layer technique during craniectomy with a collagen matrix onlay dural substitute and expanded @entity6 for antiadhesive properties during cranioplasty was reviewed. METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review of 39 consecutive @entity0 who underwent craniectomy with placement of collagen matrix dural onlay and expanded @entity6 and subsequent cranioplasty. Demographic data, size of craniectomy defect, estimated @entity1 , operative time, time between operations, presence of @entity2 were analyzed. RESULTS: Mean operative time was 132 minutes and estimated @entity1 was 112 mL. Overall complication rate was 25.6% and no mortality was encountered. Nine @entity0 had postoperative fluid collections measuring >= 10 mm in thickness and/or 5 mm of midline shift. Two @entity0 required reoperation for these collections. Two @entity0 developed @entity3 requiring bone flap removal. Three @entity0 developed @entity4 after cranioplasty. Five @entity0 required shunt placement for @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: Our dual layer closure technique at time of decompressive craniectomy carries a similar reduction in operative time and estimated @entity1 when compared with cranioplasty series with other antiadhesives present. The technique described enables easy dissection of the musculocutaneous flap from the dural plane during cranioplasty and increases the safety of the operation.

title: Analysis of Decompressive Craniectomies with Subsequent Cranioplasties in the Presence of Collagen Matrix Dural Substitute and XXXX as an Adhesion Preventative Material.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Eltrombopag is effective and safe in chronic @entity2 ( @entity2 ). However, clinical trials may not accurately reflect what happens in clinical practice. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of eltrombopag in primary chronic @entity2 in a real-world setting. METHODS: 164 primary chronic @entity2 @entity0 from 40 Spanish centers, who had been treated with eltrombopag, were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS: The median age of our cohort (72% @entity0 ) was 63 years (interquartile range, IQR, 45-75 years). The median time with @entity2 diagnosis was 81 months (IQR, 30-192 months). The median number of therapies prior to eltrombopag was 3 (IQR, 2-4). At the time of eltrombopag start, 45 @entity0 (30%) were receiving concomitant treatment for @entity2 . Forty-six @entity0 (30%) had @entity1 signs/symptoms the month before treatment start. The median platelet count at eltrombopag initiation was 22 x 10(9) /L (IQR, 8-39 x 10(9) /L). 135 @entity0 (88.8%) achieved a platelet response. The median time to platelet response was 12 days (95% CI, 9-13 days). Maintained platelet response rate during the 15-month period under examination was 75.2%. 28 @entity0 (18.4%) experienced adverse events, mainly grades 1-2. CONCLUSION: Eltrombopag is highly effective and well tolerated in unselected @entity0 with primary chronic @entity2 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Eltrombopag safety and efficacy for primary chronic XXXX in clinical practice.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is a severe @entity1 characterized by altered electrical activity in the brain. Important pathophysiological mechanisms include disturbed metabolism and homeostasis of major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, @entity9 and @entity6 . Current drug treatments are largely aimed at decreasing neuronal excitability and thereby preventing the occurrence of @entity4 . However, many @entity0 are refractory to treatment and side effects are frequent. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is the most common type of drug-resistant @entity3 in adults. In rodents, the @entity8 - @entity2 model reflects the pathology and @entity7 and the @entity11 kindling model exhibits chronic induced limbic @entity4 . Accumulating evidence from studies on @entity7 points to alterations in astrocytes and neurons as key metabolic changes. The present review describes interventions which alleviate these disturbances in astrocyte-neuronal interactions by supporting mitochondrial metabolism. The compounds discussed are the endogenous transport molecule @entity10 and the @entity5 of @entity17 , @entity16 . Both provide @entity13 moieties for oxidation in the @entity12 cycle whereas @entity17 is also provides @entity15 , which after carboxylation can produce @entity14 , resulting in anaplerosis-the refilling of the @entity12 cycle.

title: Modification of Astrocyte Metabolism as an Approach to the Treatment of @entity3 : XXXX and @entity10 .

answer: @entity16


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is a severe @entity1 characterized by altered electrical activity in the brain. Important pathophysiological mechanisms include disturbed metabolism and homeostasis of major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, @entity9 and @entity6 . Current drug treatments are largely aimed at decreasing neuronal excitability and thereby preventing the occurrence of @entity4 . However, many @entity0 are refractory to treatment and side effects are frequent. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is the most common type of drug-resistant @entity3 in adults. In rodents, the @entity8 - @entity2 model reflects the pathology and @entity7 and the @entity11 kindling model exhibits chronic induced limbic @entity4 . Accumulating evidence from studies on @entity7 points to alterations in astrocytes and neurons as key metabolic changes. The present review describes interventions which alleviate these disturbances in astrocyte-neuronal interactions by supporting mitochondrial metabolism. The compounds discussed are the endogenous transport molecule @entity10 and the @entity5 of @entity17 , @entity16 . Both provide @entity13 moieties for oxidation in the @entity12 cycle whereas @entity17 is also provides @entity15 , which after carboxylation can produce @entity14 , resulting in anaplerosis-the refilling of the @entity12 cycle.

title: Modification of Astrocyte Metabolism as an Approach to the Treatment of XXXX : @entity16 and @entity10 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is a severe @entity1 characterized by altered electrical activity in the brain. Important pathophysiological mechanisms include disturbed metabolism and homeostasis of major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, @entity9 and @entity6 . Current drug treatments are largely aimed at decreasing neuronal excitability and thereby preventing the occurrence of @entity4 . However, many @entity0 are refractory to treatment and side effects are frequent. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is the most common type of drug-resistant @entity3 in adults. In rodents, the @entity8 - @entity2 model reflects the pathology and @entity7 and the @entity11 kindling model exhibits chronic induced limbic @entity4 . Accumulating evidence from studies on @entity7 points to alterations in astrocytes and neurons as key metabolic changes. The present review describes interventions which alleviate these disturbances in astrocyte-neuronal interactions by supporting mitochondrial metabolism. The compounds discussed are the endogenous transport molecule @entity10 and the @entity5 of @entity17 , @entity16 . Both provide @entity13 moieties for oxidation in the @entity12 cycle whereas @entity17 is also provides @entity15 , which after carboxylation can produce @entity14 , resulting in anaplerosis-the refilling of the @entity12 cycle.

title: Modification of Astrocyte Metabolism as an Approach to the Treatment of @entity3 : @entity16 and XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) affects numerous physiological processes including nutrient partitioning and lipid metabolism. Objectives of this study were to evaluate how acute @entity5 affects lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue of dairy @entity0 . Adipose tissue biopsies were performed on Holstein @entity0 for @entity0 primary adipocyte isolation and cultured at either 42  C ( @entity5 ) or 37  C (thermal neutral, @entity4 ). Adipocytes were incubated with increasing @entity2 ( @entity6 ), and with increasing concentrations of insulin in the presence of @entity6 to evaluate changes in lipolysis. Incorporation of radioactive @entity1 into lipids was measured as an indicator of lipogenesis. Abundance and phosphorylation of several lipolytic and lipogenic proteins were also measured. Adipocytes exposed to @entity5 had an elevated maximal response to @entity6 and were more sensitive to lipolytic stimulation by @entity6 compared with cells cultured at @entity4 . Thermal treatment did not affect the antilipolytic effects of insulin in the presence of @entity6 . Lipogenesis measured as @entity1 incorporation was not altered by @entity5 , but a temperature by insulin interaction was observed for the regulation of @entity3 carboxylase, such that the presence of insulin resulted in a reduction in phosphorylation of @entity3 carboxylase in adipocytes cultured at @entity4 but not @entity5 conditions. Results of this study demonstrate that acute @entity5 has a direct effect on the regulation of lipolysis and the rate-limiting enzyme of lipogenesis in isolated @entity0 adipocytes.

title: Effects of acute heat stress on lipid metabolism of XXXX primary adipocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In order to identify targets for primary preventive strategies, we explored possible predictors of periconceptional @entity2 (pFA) intake in a Nigerian population of reproductively active @entity0 . METHODS: A cross sectional study of mothers attending immunization clinics at two hospitals was conducted between May and November 2012. Information obtained included sociodemographic and obstetric details and periconceptional usage of FA. Independent variables were analysed as predictors of pFA intake using chi-square statistical test and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: The study involved 602 mothers aged 17 to 42 years; 23% had a university degree and 66% were in the working class. Preconceptional usage was proven in only 15 (2.5%). Periconceptional usage was more likely among professionals (X(2) = 41.194, p < 0.001), have university degree (X(2) = 53.089, p < 0.001), be primigravid (X(2) = 18.415, p < 0.001) and early antenatal clinic attendees (X(2) = 355.9, p < 0.001). @entity0 were less likely to know that FA could prevent @entity1 if in the working class (1.7% vs. 11.1%, X(2) = 25.593, p < 0.001), less educated (0.5 vs. 10.9%, X(2) = 38.083, p < 0.001) or booked late for antenatal care (2.0 vs. 5.9%, X(2) = 5.767, p = 0.016). The determinants of late commencement of FA were low social class (OR = 4.29, 95% CI: 1.59, 11.31), lack of university education (OR = 4.58, 95% CI: 3.06, 6.87) and late booking (OR = 104.27, 95% CI: 53.09, 204.76). CONCLUSION: In this population of reproductively active @entity0 , pFA intake and knowledge of its health benefits are poor amongst mothers - in working class, with limited education, and who present late for antenatal care.

title: Determinants of XXXX intake during preconception and in early pregnancy by mothers in Ibadan, Nigeria.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 72-year-old male underwent a laparoscopic low anterior resection for advanced @entity1 . A diverting loop ileostomy was constructed due to an @entity4 five days postoperatively. Nine months later, colonoscopy performed through the stoma showed complete @entity8 . The mucosa of the proximal sigmoid colon was @entity7 and whitish. Ten days after the colonoscopy, the @entity0 presented in shock with @entity3 . Abdominal computed tomography scan showed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and a dilated left colon. @entity2 induced by obstructive @entity6 was diagnosed and a transverse colostomy performed emergently. His subsequent hospital course was unremarkable. Rectal anastomosis with diverting ileostomy is often performed in @entity0 with @entity1 . In @entity0 with @entity8 or severe @entity5 , colonoscopy through diverting stoma should be avoided. Emergent operation to decompress the obstructed proximal colon is necessary in @entity0 with a blind intestinal loop accompanied by @entity2 .

title: Hepatic portal venous gas after endoscopy in a @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: A 72-year-old male underwent a laparoscopic low anterior resection for advanced @entity1 . A diverting loop ileostomy was constructed due to an @entity4 five days postoperatively. Nine months later, colonoscopy performed through the stoma showed complete @entity8 . The mucosa of the proximal sigmoid colon was @entity7 and whitish. Ten days after the colonoscopy, the @entity0 presented in shock with @entity3 . Abdominal computed tomography scan showed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and a dilated left colon. @entity2 induced by obstructive @entity6 was diagnosed and a transverse colostomy performed emergently. His subsequent hospital course was unremarkable. Rectal anastomosis with diverting ileostomy is often performed in @entity0 with @entity1 . In @entity0 with @entity8 or severe @entity5 , colonoscopy through diverting stoma should be avoided. Emergent operation to decompress the obstructed proximal colon is necessary in @entity0 with a blind intestinal loop accompanied by @entity2 .

title: Hepatic portal venous gas after endoscopy in a XXXX with @entity8 .

answer: @entity0