abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neurodevelopmental and @entity1 in young @entity0 predict educational, health and social problems. Early identification may significantly reduce this burden but relevant tools largely lack validation. We aimed to develop and evaluate the predictive validity of a simple screening tool for @entity2 in a community sample of 30 month old @entity0 . A sample of @entity0 was selected from a community cohort screened at 30 months by health visitors using the Sure Start Language Measure (SSLM) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in 2011. Predictive validity was assessed by comparing screening results with detailed psychometric data from the same sample 1-2 years later. Screening performance using different thresholds was explored using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) with ROC area under the curve (AUC) and bootstrapping techniques. The SSLM predicted both @entity3 identified by the New Reynell Developmental Language Scales (NRDLS) at follow-up (AUC 0.905) and @entity2 assessed by the Griffiths Mental Development Scales (AUC 0.983). The SDQ administered at 30 months predicted @entity1 identified by the Development and Wellbeing Assessment (DAWBA) at follow-up (AUC 0.821). Using optimal cut-offs for the SDQ and SSLM at 30 months, both tools together had sensitivity 87%; specificity 64%; positive predictive value 31%; and negative predictive value 97% in the prediction of any kind of neurodevelopmental problem 1-2 years later. The combined measure reported here is not yet sufficient as a stand-alone population screening tool for @entity2 . The SSLM and SDQ did however show promise in identifying preschool @entity0 at risk of ongoing language, @entity1 and @entity2 but with fairly high false positive rates. Given that current developmental risk prediction in resource-poor settings is little better than random assignment, the SDQ and SSLM may aid clinical judgement when used as interim triage tools for practitioners with no specialist knowledge, in the context of longitudinal follow-up arrangements.

title: Development of a triage tool for neurodevelopmental risk in XXXX aged 30 months.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Ven @entity6 present a medical challenge. Whenever possible, therapy should be causal and include compression therapy and surgery. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been successfully used in several phases of venous leg ulc @entity3 eatment. Positive effects of NPWT, such as reduction of ede @entity1 ra @entity7 wound exudate, and ac- celeration of granulation tissue formation, are reasons for recommending NPWT in order to improve healing rates. AIM: The main goal of this study was to evaluate, using immunohistochemical markers, the efficacy of NPWT in terms of neoangiogenesis and granulation tissue promotion in the treatment of hard-to-heal ven @entity6 ETHODS: Thirty pat @entity0 th hard-to-heal ven @entity6 re included. The pat @entity0 re divided into two groups: one group treated with NPWT, pol @entity5 am, and four-layer bandaging system, and the second group with moist wound dressings and four-layer bandaging system. Pat @entity0 re moni- tored before and after 1 week of treatment with multiple biopsies taken from the wound bed and wound edge. Immunohistochemical evaluation included markers for angiogenesis (CD3 @entity4 lymphatic vessels (D240), macrophages (CD6 @entity2 and lymphocytes (CD3). RESULTS: All pat @entity0 - cluded in the NPWT group, after 1 week, showed a significant improve- ment in terms of angiogenesis, lymphatic vessels, and macrophage and lymphocyte proliferation, compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: This study objectively demonstrated the efficacy of NPWT in hard-to- heal ven @entity6 a immunohistochemical findings. In particular, the results showed rapid granulation and neoangiogenesis promotion. In the authors' opinion, NPWT must be included as an adjuvant to standard venous leg ulc @entity3 erapy.

title: Immunohistochemical evaluation of venous leg ulcers before and after negative pres XXXX y.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper was to describe the operative details for en bloc removal of the @entity1 , uterus, pelvic peritoneum, and rectosigmoid colon with colorectal anastomosis in @entity2 @entity0 with widespread pelvic involvement. METHODS: The @entity0 presented with good performance status and huge @entity4 extensively infiltrating into adjacent pelvic organs and obliterating the cul-de-sac. The @entity0 underwent en bloc pelvic resection as primary cytoreductive surgery. En bloc pelvic resection procedure is initiated by carrying a circumscribing peritoneal incision to include all pan-pelvic disease within this incision. After retroperitoneal pelvic dissection, the round ligaments and infundibulopelvic ligaments are divided. The ureters are dissected and mobilized from the peritoneum. After dissecting off the anterior pelvic peritoneum overlying the bladder with its @entity1 nodules, the bladder is mobilized caudally and the vesicovaginal space is developed. The uterine vessels are divided at the level of the ureters, and the paracervical tissues (or parametria) are divided. The proximal sigmoid colon is divided above the most proximal extent of gross @entity1 using a ligating and dividing stapling device. The sigmoid mesentery is ligated and divided including the superior rectal vessels. The pararectal and retrorectal spaces are further developed and dissected down to the level of the pelvic floor. The posterior dissection is progressed and moves to the right and then to the left of the rectum. The rectal pillars including the middle rectal vessels are ligated and divided. Hysterectomy is completed in a retrograde fashion. The distal rectum is divided using a linear stapler. The specimen is removed en bloc with the uterus, adnexa, pelvic peritoneum, rectosigmoid colon, and @entity1 masses leaving a macroscopically @entity1 -free pelvis. Colorectal anastomosis was completed using stapling device. RESULTS: En bloc pelvic resection was performed by total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, pelvic peritonectomy, and rectosigmoid colectomy with colorectal anastomosis using a stapling device. Complete clearance of pelvic disease leaving no gross @entity3 was possible using en bloc pelvic resection. CONCLUSION: En bloc pelvic resection is effective for achieving maximal cytoreduction with the elimination of the pelvic disease in advanced primary @entity2 @entity0 with extensive pelvic organ involvement.

title: Surgical technique of en bloc pelvic resection for advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The nonsurgical treatment of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) usually consists of radiation and chemotherapy. In general, the treatment efficacy of chemotherapy in @entity2 is limited. Apart from the placenta, testis and fetal keratinocytes, @entity4 -associated antigens-A (MAGE-A) are only found in @entity1 . Even though their molecular role remains unclear, several subgroups have been found to contribute to resistance to different chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, established @entity0 @entity6 cell lines were incubated with various concentrations of @entity5 , @entity9 , @entity8 , @entity7 , cetuximab and panitumumab for 5, 10, 20 and 40 h. The treatment efficacy was measured dynamically by real-time cell analysis (RTCA). In addition, we determined the expression of all known MAGE-A subgroups ( @entity10 to MAGE-A12, excluding pseudogene @entity14 ) by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Of note, one cell line showed only a marginal expression of MAGE-A antigens, whereas another cell line showed a distinct expression of almost all the MAGE-A subgroups. The expression pattern varied in the other cell lines. @entity11 was the most highly expressed of all the subgroups, and @entity12 could not be detected. With the exception of @entity13 , -A8, -A9 and -A10, the expression levels differed significantly between the cell lines. Factor analysis suggested simplifying the MAGE-A expression level into two groups. Spearman's rank correlation revealed a significant association between MAGE-A expression and treatment efficacy for 20.8% (25/120) of the experiments. In 100% of these cases (25/25), Spearman's Rho revealed a positive correlation between clustered MAGE-A expression and poor treatment efficacy. Our data highlight the fact that higher a MAGE-A expression correlates with a poorer outcome of antineoplastic treatment. Clustered MAGE-A expression analysis may help to identify @entity0 who are at a higher risk of antineoplastic treatment failure.

title: MAGE-A expression clusters and antineoplastic treatment in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 mutations have been extensively investigated as predictive biomarkers for treatment of advanced @entity1 with the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab. PURPOSE: To summarize whether @entity3 mutation status modifies effects of anti- @entity2 -based treatments for @entity0 with advanced @entity1 and whether @entity3 status predicts clinical outcomes among such @entity0 . DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and 2 curated genetics databases (through 24 March 2010) were searched for observational studies. MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (through 1 September 2010) were searched for randomized, controlled trials. No search was restricted by language. STUDY SELECTION: Three reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify published studies assessing @entity3 mutations as predictors of overall and progression-free survival or treatment failure for @entity0 who received anti- @entity2 -based therapy for metastatic @entity1 . DATA EXTRACTION: Three investigators extracted data on population and study-design characteristics, including quality items, and on outcomes of interest. Random-effects meta-analyses were done on nonoverlapping studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: In 4 reanalyses of randomized trials of anti- @entity2 -based therapy versus best supportive care or cytotoxic chemotherapy, no significant benefit was found for overall or progression-free survival from anti- @entity2 -based treatment among @entity3 -positive @entity0 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.0). However, evidence favors anti- @entity2 therapy among @entity3 wild-type @entity0 ; the relative HR across @entity3 -positive and wild-type @entity0 was 1.30 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.78) for overall survival and 2.22 (CI, 1.74 to 2.84) for progression-free survival by random-effects meta-analysis. In 13 cohorts of @entity0 who received anti- @entity2 antibodies, the summary HR for overall survival was 1.79 (CI, 1.48 to 2.17), with better survival in wild-type @entity0 . The corresponding HR for progression-free survival was 2.11 (CI, 1.74 to 2.55 [16 cohorts]). In random-effects bivariate meta-analysis of 22 studies, the summary sensitivity of @entity3 mutations for predicting lack of response was 0.49 (CI, 0.43 to 0.55), and summary specificity was 0.93 (CI, 0.87 to 0.97). LIMITATIONS: Limited evidence from randomized studies exists. @entity0 -level data are needed to assess modifiers of the mutation-by-treatment interaction. Publication bias could be a concern. CONCLUSION: @entity3 mutations are consistently associated with reduced overall and progression-free survival and increased treatment failure rates among @entity0 with advanced @entity1 treated with anti- @entity2 antibodies. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

title: Systematic review: Anti- XXXX treatment effect modification by @entity3 mutations in advanced @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 mutations have been extensively investigated as predictive biomarkers for treatment of advanced @entity1 with the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab. PURPOSE: To summarize whether @entity3 mutation status modifies effects of anti- @entity2 -based treatments for @entity0 with advanced @entity1 and whether @entity3 status predicts clinical outcomes among such @entity0 . DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and 2 curated genetics databases (through 24 March 2010) were searched for observational studies. MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (through 1 September 2010) were searched for randomized, controlled trials. No search was restricted by language. STUDY SELECTION: Three reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify published studies assessing @entity3 mutations as predictors of overall and progression-free survival or treatment failure for @entity0 who received anti- @entity2 -based therapy for metastatic @entity1 . DATA EXTRACTION: Three investigators extracted data on population and study-design characteristics, including quality items, and on outcomes of interest. Random-effects meta-analyses were done on nonoverlapping studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: In 4 reanalyses of randomized trials of anti- @entity2 -based therapy versus best supportive care or cytotoxic chemotherapy, no significant benefit was found for overall or progression-free survival from anti- @entity2 -based treatment among @entity3 -positive @entity0 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.0). However, evidence favors anti- @entity2 therapy among @entity3 wild-type @entity0 ; the relative HR across @entity3 -positive and wild-type @entity0 was 1.30 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.78) for overall survival and 2.22 (CI, 1.74 to 2.84) for progression-free survival by random-effects meta-analysis. In 13 cohorts of @entity0 who received anti- @entity2 antibodies, the summary HR for overall survival was 1.79 (CI, 1.48 to 2.17), with better survival in wild-type @entity0 . The corresponding HR for progression-free survival was 2.11 (CI, 1.74 to 2.55 [16 cohorts]). In random-effects bivariate meta-analysis of 22 studies, the summary sensitivity of @entity3 mutations for predicting lack of response was 0.49 (CI, 0.43 to 0.55), and summary specificity was 0.93 (CI, 0.87 to 0.97). LIMITATIONS: Limited evidence from randomized studies exists. @entity0 -level data are needed to assess modifiers of the mutation-by-treatment interaction. Publication bias could be a concern. CONCLUSION: @entity3 mutations are consistently associated with reduced overall and progression-free survival and increased treatment failure rates among @entity0 with advanced @entity1 treated with anti- @entity2 antibodies. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

title: Systematic review: Anti- @entity2 treatment effect modification by @entity3 mutations in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 mutations have been extensively investigated as predictive biomarkers for treatment of advanced @entity1 with the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab. PURPOSE: To summarize whether @entity3 mutation status modifies effects of anti- @entity2 -based treatments for @entity0 with advanced @entity1 and whether @entity3 status predicts clinical outcomes among such @entity0 . DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and 2 curated genetics databases (through 24 March 2010) were searched for observational studies. MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (through 1 September 2010) were searched for randomized, controlled trials. No search was restricted by language. STUDY SELECTION: Three reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify published studies assessing @entity3 mutations as predictors of overall and progression-free survival or treatment failure for @entity0 who received anti- @entity2 -based therapy for metastatic @entity1 . DATA EXTRACTION: Three investigators extracted data on population and study-design characteristics, including quality items, and on outcomes of interest. Random-effects meta-analyses were done on nonoverlapping studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: In 4 reanalyses of randomized trials of anti- @entity2 -based therapy versus best supportive care or cytotoxic chemotherapy, no significant benefit was found for overall or progression-free survival from anti- @entity2 -based treatment among @entity3 -positive @entity0 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.0). However, evidence favors anti- @entity2 therapy among @entity3 wild-type @entity0 ; the relative HR across @entity3 -positive and wild-type @entity0 was 1.30 (95% CI, 0.95 to 1.78) for overall survival and 2.22 (CI, 1.74 to 2.84) for progression-free survival by random-effects meta-analysis. In 13 cohorts of @entity0 who received anti- @entity2 antibodies, the summary HR for overall survival was 1.79 (CI, 1.48 to 2.17), with better survival in wild-type @entity0 . The corresponding HR for progression-free survival was 2.11 (CI, 1.74 to 2.55 [16 cohorts]). In random-effects bivariate meta-analysis of 22 studies, the summary sensitivity of @entity3 mutations for predicting lack of response was 0.49 (CI, 0.43 to 0.55), and summary specificity was 0.93 (CI, 0.87 to 0.97). LIMITATIONS: Limited evidence from randomized studies exists. @entity0 -level data are needed to assess modifiers of the mutation-by-treatment interaction. Publication bias could be a concern. CONCLUSION: @entity3 mutations are consistently associated with reduced overall and progression-free survival and increased treatment failure rates among @entity0 with advanced @entity1 treated with anti- @entity2 antibodies. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

title: Systematic review: Anti- @entity2 treatment effect modification by XXXX mutations in advanced @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Conservative treatment (CT) with flexible ureteroscopy and laser ablation is an alternative to radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for the treatment of the upper urinary tract @entity2 (UTUC). The purpose of this study was to compare the pathology results obtained after immediate RNU or after attempt of CT for elective indication. @entity0 AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in a single tertiary center. All @entity0 who had an RNU for @entity2 between 2007 and 2012 have been included. The @entity0 were classified into two groups: group 1 is immediate RNU, and group 2 is RNU after CT (only elective indications). Preoperative data collected were as follows: age, sex, @entity3 , radiological classification for @entity1 staging (TNM), @entity1 size, localization, and multifocal indication of CT. The pathological RNU data collected were @entity1 stage and grade. The T stage was divided into two groups (primary endpoint): pTa-T1-T2 and pT3-T4. The   (2) test and Mann-Whitney was performed to compare the independent qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity0 were included (40 @entity0 in the immediate RNU group and 11 @entity0 in the delayed RNU group after CT). @entity0 in both groups had comparable characteristics regarding age, sex, location, T stage, and preoperative @entity1 grade. On final pathology, 23 @entity1 were classified as pTa-T1-T2 in the immediate RNU group compared with 6 in the delayed RNU group. Seventeen and five @entity1 were classified as T3 in group 1 and group 2, respectively. These results were not significantly different between both groups (p=0.866). The pathological RNU grade was not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this retrospective study, the pathological RNU data showed no significant difference when RNU was done immediately or after CT for UTUC.

title: Immediate Nephroureterectomy or After Attempting Conservative Treatment, on Elective Indications, for Upper Urinary Tract XXXX : Comparison of the Pathology Reports on a Retrospective Monocentric Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Traumatic @entity9 after heart valve replacement can be a serious problem. It is commonly associated with either structural @entity10 . A 63-year-old @entity0 with a six-year history of surgery for mitral stenosis presented with complaints of @entity3 and @entity6 . She received treatment at other centers three times in the past six months for @entity6 and @entity2 requiring transfusion of red blood cells. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a normally functioning mitral mechanic prosthesis. Laboratory findings were abnormal for hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, @entity7 , serum @entity8 , and @entity5 dehydrogenase. Peripheral blood smear showed marked schistocytes, indicative of mechanical erythrocyte destruction. Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated severe @entity10 and a large (9x13 mm) vegetation adhering to the prosthetic valve, protruding into the left atrium. @entity4 was isolated from blood cultures. Surgery was planned because of large vegetation, repeated @entity9 , and severe @entity1 , but the @entity0 refused surgical treatment.

title: XXXX and infective endocarditis in a mitral prosthetic valve.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intensive insulin therapy with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) devices or @entity7 ( @entity7 ) reduces the risk of long-term vascular complications of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Both treatments are used routinely, but there is little evidence to demonstrate superiority of either treatment. If CSII treatment reduces the risk of long-term complications or is associated with an improved quality of life (QoL), the additional cost of this therapy may be compensated for by a reduction in long-term health expenditure. If there is no demonstrable difference between treatments, health-care resources may be better invested elsewhere. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge. METHODS/DESIGN: This is a pragmatic, @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Fifteen centres, selected to represent a population with a broad demographic, will recruit 316 @entity0 , newly diagnosed with @entity5 , aged between 7  months and 15  years. Exclusion criteria include additional pathologies or treatments likely to affect glycaemic control and a first-degree relative with @entity5 . Randomisation to CSII or @entity7 is stratified for age, gender and recruiting centre. The randomised treatment starts within 15  days of diagnosis. @entity0 will be trained to adjust their insulin dose according to @entity6 intake and blood @entity3 level. Study visits coincide with routine clinic appointments at 3, 6, 9 and 12  months when data relating to routine clinical assessments, adverse events and concomitant medications are collected. Health utilities questionnaires are completed at each visit and a @entity1 -specific QoL questionnaire (PedsQL) at diagnosis, 6 and 12  months. The primary outcome is glycaemic control (HbA1c) at 12  months. Secondary outcome measures include QoL, insulin use, growth and @entity4 , adverse events and a health economics appraisal. DISCUSSION: This is the first adequately powered @entity2 comparing CSII and @entity7 in a non-selected population, treated according to standard practice guidelines. It will produce data that are meaningful to individual @entity0 and local and national policymakers. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered with the European Clinical Trials Database on 4 November 2010, reference 2010-023792-25 .

title: Study protocol for a @entity2 of insulin delivery by continuous subcutaneous infusion compared to XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intensive insulin therapy with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) devices or @entity7 ( @entity7 ) reduces the risk of long-term vascular complications of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Both treatments are used routinely, but there is little evidence to demonstrate superiority of either treatment. If CSII treatment reduces the risk of long-term complications or is associated with an improved quality of life (QoL), the additional cost of this therapy may be compensated for by a reduction in long-term health expenditure. If there is no demonstrable difference between treatments, health-care resources may be better invested elsewhere. This study aims to address this gap in knowledge. METHODS/DESIGN: This is a pragmatic, @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Fifteen centres, selected to represent a population with a broad demographic, will recruit 316 @entity0 , newly diagnosed with @entity5 , aged between 7  months and 15  years. Exclusion criteria include additional pathologies or treatments likely to affect glycaemic control and a first-degree relative with @entity5 . Randomisation to CSII or @entity7 is stratified for age, gender and recruiting centre. The randomised treatment starts within 15  days of diagnosis. @entity0 will be trained to adjust their insulin dose according to @entity6 intake and blood @entity3 level. Study visits coincide with routine clinic appointments at 3, 6, 9 and 12  months when data relating to routine clinical assessments, adverse events and concomitant medications are collected. Health utilities questionnaires are completed at each visit and a @entity1 -specific QoL questionnaire (PedsQL) at diagnosis, 6 and 12  months. The primary outcome is glycaemic control (HbA1c) at 12  months. Secondary outcome measures include QoL, insulin use, growth and @entity4 , adverse events and a health economics appraisal. DISCUSSION: This is the first adequately powered @entity2 comparing CSII and @entity7 in a non-selected population, treated according to standard practice guidelines. It will produce data that are meaningful to individual @entity0 and local and national policymakers. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered with the European Clinical Trials Database on 4 November 2010, reference 2010-023792-25 .

title: Study protocol for a XXXX of insulin delivery by continuous subcutaneous infusion compared to @entity7 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: A previous report demonstrated that the wide abdominal rectus plication abdominoplasty is an effective treatment modality in select @entity0 with @entity2 who failed to achieve relief with conservative therapy. METHODS: The authors studied eight female @entity0 who presented with @entity2 and marked lower abdominal wall muscular laxity. All had failed to respond to conservative management for their @entity1 . They all underwent wide abdominal rectus plication abdominoplasty. @entity0 selection and details of the procedure are discussed. RESULTS: There were no significant complications in this series, and all the @entity0 had prompt and @entity1 . Length of follow-up ranged from 2 to 11 years. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the biomechanics of the lower abdominal musculature as a result of the wide abdominal rectus plication abdominoplasty are discussed in the context of increasing spinal stability, leading to an alleviation of @entity2 . An argument is made that this abdominoplasty procedure produces a spine-stabilizing effect by (1) tightening the muscles of the lateral abdominal complex and thus increasing intraabdominal pressure and (2) increasing the efficiency of these muscles so that their effectiveness as spine stabilizers is increased. Even though this is a small series, the fact that all the @entity0 sustained long-term alleviation of their preoperative @entity1 suggests that the wide abdominal rectus plication abdominoplasty should be considered as an option for @entity0 with weak lower abdominal muscles and intractable @entity2 who have failed conservative management.

title: Wide abdominal rectus plication abdominoplasty for the treatment of chronic intractable XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine screening results obtained by serial annual behavioral assessment of @entity0 with prenatal drug exposure. METHOD: The Maternal Lifestyle Study enrolled @entity0 with prenatal @entity3 exposure (PCE) at birth for longitudinal assessments of developmental, behavioral, and health outcomes. At 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 years of age, caregivers rated @entity0 on the @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Serial @entity2 results were compared with an established broad-based behavioral measure at 9, 11, and 13 years. @entity2 results were analyzed for 1081 @entity0 who had at least 2 annual screens during the 5-year time span. Most subjects (87%) had 4 or more annual screens rated by the same caregiver (80%). @entity2 scores (and Positive screens) over time were compared at different time points for those with and without PCE. Covariates, including demographic factors and exposures to certain other substances, were controlled. RESULTS: @entity0 with PCE had significantly higher scores overall, with more Positive screens for behavior problems than @entity0 without PCE. @entity0 with PCE had more externalizing behavior problems. @entity0 exposed to @entity1 prenatally and postnatally also showed higher @entity2 scores. Over time, @entity2 scores differed slightly from the 8-year scores, without clear directional trend. Earlier @entity2 results predicted later behavioral outcomes. CONCLUSION: Findings of increased total @entity2 scores and Positive @entity2 screens for behavioral concerns in this group of @entity0 with prenatal substance exposure support the growing body of evidence that additional attention to identification of mental health problems may be warranted in this high-risk group.

title: Serial pediatric symptom checklist screening in XXXX with prenatal drug exposure.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity11 ( @entity6 , @entity9 ) is a syndrome which may complicate a number of pathologic states. If clotting factors and platelets are "consumed" more rapidly than the @entity0 can produce them, they may fall to levels which are not adequate for hemostasis. Thus, @entity5 with resulting @entity1 and @entity4 may occur simultaneously in the same @entity0 . Local fibrinolysis (secondary fibrinolysis) may remove or partially remove intravascular thrombi, thus protecting against local tissue @entity1 . Diagnosis of the fulminating syndrome is usually simple and depends upon a few relatively easy tests. If the syndrome is low grade, diagnosis is very difficult and may be impossible without sophisticated techniques. Differential diagnosis from @entity10 secondary to @entity3 is extremely difficult. Treatment in the fulminating case before intravascular thrombi can cause irreversible tissue damage is urgent. Treatment depends upon therapy of the underlying disease plus adequate heparinization. It may be necessary to administer platelets and blood fractions after heparinization. @entity2 are not contraindicated, particularly when the @entity0 is heparinized. @entity7 ( @entity8 , Amicar) is contraindicated. This drug inhibits local fibrinolysis, which is protective to the @entity0 .

title: Diagnosis and management of disseminated XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recently, @entity1 has been connected with wheezing, @entity2 and reduced lung function. Most previous studies have been cross-sectional. The aim of the present follow-up study was to evaluate the association of preceding or current overweight or @entity1 with lung function at early and late school age after early childhood wheezing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From the 100 @entity0 hospitalized for infection associated wheezing at <24 months of age, 83 attended the control visit at 4.0 years, 82 at 7.2 years and 81 at 12.3 years of age. Flow-volume spirometry was performed in 79 @entity0 at 7.2 years and in 80 @entity0 at 12.3 years of age. The weight status was assessed by calculating body mass index (BMI) at all visits. Age- and gender-specific BMI standard deviation scores (BMI-SDS) of >1.3   SD and >2.0   SD were defined to mean overweight and @entity1 , respectively. RESULTS: Overweight at both 7.2 and 12.3 years of age was associated with decreased FEV1 /FVC (forced expiratory volume in 1   sec/forced vital capacity). Overweight and @entity1 at 7.2 years of age were associated with decreased FEV1 /FVC and MEF50 (maximal expiratory flow at 50% of FVC) at 12.3 years of age. The results were similar by continuous and categorized analyses, being robust to adjustments for viral findings during early childhood wheezing and @entity2 maintenance medication at school age. CONCLUSION: Overweight and @entity1 are significant risk factors for reduced lung function at school age after early childhood wheezing. Thus, early-life wheezers should avoid excessive @entity3 during childhood. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:435-441.    2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

title: Lung function and overweight in school aged XXXX after early childhood wheezing.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The need for a fundoplication during repair of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) remains unclear. Prevention of @entity3 represents a trade-off against the risk of fundoplication-related side effects. The aim of this trial was to compare laparoscopic mesh-augmented hiatoplasty with simple cardiophrenicopexy (LMAH-C) with laparoscopic mesh-augmented hiatoplasty with fundoplication (LMAH-F) in @entity0 with @entity4 . STUDY DESIGN: The study was designed as a @entity0 - and assessor-blinded randomized controlled pilot trial, registration number: DRKS00004492 (www.germanctr.de/). @entity0 with symptomatic @entity4 were eligible and assigned by central randomization to LMAH-C or LMAH-F. Endpoints were postoperative @entity3 , complications, and quality of life 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Forty @entity0 (9 male, 31 female) were randomized. @entity0 were well matched for baseline characteristics. At 3 months, the DeMeester score was higher after LMAH-C compared with LMAH-F (40.9    39.9 vs. 9.6    17; p  = 0.048). At 12 months, the @entity3 score was higher after LMAH-C compared with LMAH-F (1.9    1.2 vs. 1.1    0.4; p  = 0.020). In 53% of LMAH-C @entity0 and 17% of LMAH-F @entity0 , @entity1 was present (p  = 0.026). Values of @entity5 (2.1    1.6 vs 1.9    1.4; p  = 0.737), gas bloating (2.6    1.4 vs 2.8    1.4; p  = 0.782), and quality of life (116.0    16.2 vs 115.9    15.8; p  =  0.992) were similar. Relevant @entity2 occurred in 4 (10%) @entity0 and did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic repair of @entity4 should be combined with a fundoplication to avoid postoperative @entity3 and resulting @entity6 . Fundoplication-related side effects do not appear to be clinically relevant. Multicenter randomized trials are required to confirm these findings.

title: Repair of XXXX -Is a Fundoplication Needed? A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The impact of duration of T1DM on outcomes following simultaneous @entity2 (PTA) is currently unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 451 pancreas transplants performed at a single institution between January 2003 and April 2013 (SPK n = 238, PAK, n = 97, and PTA, n = 116) were divided into three groups based on cumulative years of T1DM (0-20 years, 21-30 years, and >30 years). Early (7-day) and late (90-day) pancreas allograft loss, @entity0 and pancreas allograft survivals were analyzed. RESULTS: While, PAK was more common in recipients with >30 years of T1DM (29%, p < 0.0047), PTA was more common in recipients with 0-20 years of T1DM (41%, p < 0.0011). In all transplant types, recipients age was significantly higher the longer the duration of @entity1 . Although longer duration of T1DM correlated with a higher rate of major amputations in PAK recipients (p < 0.0032), no difference was observed in SPK or PTA. While early pancreas graft loss was 2-4% in SPK and PAK with shorter or longer T1DM (p = n.s.), it reached to 10% in PTA with T1DM > 30 years (p < 0.0097). Longer duration of T1DM affected late pancreas graft loss in PAK @entity0 (8%, p < 0.0349). @entity0 and death-censored graft survival rates were similar in all types of pancreas transplantation extracted by accumulation of years of T1DM prior to transplant. CONCLUSIONS: Longstanding T1DM does not seem to negatively impact recipient outcomes following all types of pancreas transplantation.

title: Impact of duration of XXXX on outcome following pancreas transplantation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 are prevalent, challenging wounds; their incidence is rising with the increasing age of the general population. Physical mo- dalities often are used to help heal these chronic wounds. A prospective study was conducted to investigate the application of high-voltage stimu- lation (HVS), ultrasound therapy (US), low-level laser therapy (LLLT, 810 nm, 65 mW, 4 J/cm2), and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), with and without surgical intervention; along with standard of care comprising drug therapy (micronized @entity4 fraction in two 500-mg tablets once daily) and wet dressings of 0.9% @entity2 on venous leg @entity1 . METHODS: The 305- @entity0 study was conducted between 1994 and 2008 among @entity0 with @entity5 in 3 facilities in Poland. After surgery involving crossectomy, partial [short] stripping of the greater or short saphenous vein, local phlebectomy, and ligation of insufficient perforators, 4 groups of @entity0 were treated with the standard of care drug/dressing therapy and HVS, US, LLLT, or @entity3 , and 1 group received the drug/dressing ther- apy only. Four non-surgical groups received HVS, US, LLLT, or @entity3 and drug/dressing therapy, and 1 group received drug/dressing therapy only. Changes in wound area and volume were compared among all the groups receiving the various treatments using the Gilman index. In all groups therapy lasted 7 weeks. The computed planimetry method for observation of healing process was used. RESULTS: The Gilman index values at 4 weeks were significantly higher in the compression plus surgery compared with other groups (P = 0.01). After therapy for @entity0 from the @entity3 + surgery group, the Gilman index was 1.18 cm (P  <= 0.001 compared with other groups). The percentage total surface area regression analysis confirmed that compression plus surgery is the most efficient in venous leg @entity1 therapy (61.89% reduction after 4 weeks of therapy and 78.19% at the end of study) compared to the other groups (P  <= 0.001). The HVS and US appeared useful only in conservatively treated @entity0 (P < 0.05). The LLLT did not accelerate reduction of the ulceration surface. CONCLUSION: Venous surgery plus @entity3 is the most effi- cient treatment for @entity5 . Compression therapy should be provided to both surgically and conservatively non-surgically treated pa- tients. High-voltage stimulation and ultrasound therapy are useful meth- ods in conservative treatment of @entity5 . For surgically treated @entity0 , these physical modalities are not effective. Low-level laser ther- apy is not an efficient method for treating @entity5 .    .

title: Using Physical Modalities in the Treatment of XXXX : A 14-year Comparative Clinical Study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fraction of exhaled @entity4 (FeNO) is a known marker of airway @entity1 and a topic of recent investigation for @entity2 control in @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship among FeNO and bronchodilator response measured by spirometry and types of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). METHODS: A one-year review of @entity0 tested with spirometry and FeNO in a regional pediatric @entity2 centre was conducted. RESULTS: A total of 183 @entity0 were included (mean [   SD] age 12.8  2.8 years). @entity5 was used most commonly (n=66 [36.1%]), followed by @entity6 (n=50 [27.3%]). Most @entity0 (n=73 [39.9%]) had moderate persistent @entity2 . Increased FeNO was associated with percent change in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) after bronchodilator adjusted for @entity3 , parental smoking and ICS type (B=0.08 [95% CI 0.04 to 0.12]; P<0.001). Similarly, FeNO was associated with percent change in forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of the pulmonary volume (FEF25-75) after bronchodilator adjusted for parental smoking and ICS type (B=0.13 [95% CI 0.01 to 0.24]; P=0.03). FeNO accounted for only 16% and 9% of the variability in FEV1 and FEF25-75, respectively. Mean-adjusted FeNO was lowest in @entity5 users compared with no ICS (mean difference 18.6 parts per billion [ppb] [95% CI 1.0 to 36.2]) and there was no difference in adjusted FeNO level between @entity6 and no ICS (5.9 ppb [95% CI -9.0 to 20.8]). CONCLUSION: FeNO levels correlated with bronchodilator response in a regional pediatric @entity2 centre. However, FeNO accounted for only 16% and 9% of the variability in FEV1 and FEF25-75, respectively. Mean adjusted FeNO varied according to ICS type, suggesting a difference in relative efficacy between ICS beyond their dose equivalents.

title: Association between fraction of exhaled XXXX , bronchodilator response and inhaled corticosteroid type.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In January 2013 a novel type of multicomponent protein-based vaccine against @entity4 was licensed by the European Medicines Agency. With the widespread use of the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines, serogroup B remains now the major cause of @entity3 and @entity2 in young @entity0 in Europe. The aim of this study is to investigate the health and the economic outcomes of MenB vaccine introduction into the Italian routine mass vaccination programme. METHODS: The present work is structured in two main parts. Firstly, we assess the epidemiological burden of @entity4 using official hospitalisation and notification data from two of the most populated Italian regions (Lombardia and Piemonte) during a 6-year study period (2007-2012). Secondly, we evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the immunisation programme in Italy from the public health payer perspective under base case parameters assumptions and performing a comprehensive sensitivity analysis to assess the robustness and the uncertainty of our model results. RESULTS: MenB serotype is responsible for 59% of the 341 cases of Invasive @entity4 in Lombardia and Piemonte. Incidence rate for @entity1 is estimated to be 0.21/100,000/y resulting at the highest level in @entity0  <=4 years of age. Although the new MenB vaccine can potentially prevent about one third of the disease cases in the Italian population, model results show this strategy is unlikely to be cost-effective ( @entity5 value over    350,000/QALY) with a vaccine that prevents disease only. These results are robust under most of the sensitivity scenarios except when allowing for lower discount rates. DISCUSSION: The introduction of the novel vaccine into the routine immunisation schedule needs to be carefully evaluated. The new MenB vaccine has the potential to reduce the disease burden at the population level. However, from the Italian Health Service perspective, the immunisation programme is unlikely to be cost-effective at the current incidence levels and vaccine price.

title: Health and economic outcomes of introducing the new MenB vaccine (Bexsero) into the Italian routine XXXX immunisation programme.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: While bone has a remarkable capacity for regeneration, serious bone @entity4 often results in damage that does not properly heal. In fact, one tenth of all limb @entity5 fail to heal completely due to the extent of the @entity4 , disease, or age of the @entity0 . Our ability to improve bone regenerative strategies is critically dependent on the ability to mimic serious bone @entity4 in test animals, but the generation and stabilization of large @entity3 is technically challenging. In most cases, serious long bone @entity4 is mimicked experimentally by establishing a defect that will not naturally heal. This is achieved by complete removal of a bone segment that is larger than 1.5 times the diameter of the bone cross-section. The bone is then stabilized with a metal implant to maintain proper orientation of the @entity5 edges and allow for mobility. Due to their small size and the @entity6 of their long bones, establishment of such lesions in @entity1 are beyond the capabilities of most research groups. As such, long @entity3 models are confined to @entity2 and larger animals. Nevertheless, @entity1 afford significant research advantages in that they can be genetically modified and bred as immune-compromised strains that do not reject @entity0 cells and tissue. Herein, we demonstrate a technique that facilitates the generation of a segmental defect in @entity1 femora using standard laboratory and veterinary equipment. With practice, fabrication of the fixation device and surgical implantation is feasible for the majority of trained veterinarians and animal research personnel. Using example data, we also provide methodologies for the quantitative analysis of bone healing for the model.

title: A Simple Critical-sized Femoral Defect Model in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 are highly heterogeneous @entity1 and there is no treatment effective at achieving long-term remission for @entity2 @entity0 . Thus, an appropriate model system for studying @entity2 biology and response to drugs is necessary. It has been shown that composition of the medium is a critical factor in preserving the complexity of the @entity1 in in vitro settings, and melanospheres maintained in stem cell medium are a good model in this respect. In the present study, we observed that not all @entity2 @entity0 -derived cell populations grown in stem cell medium were capable of forming melanospheres, and cell aggregates and anchorage-independent single-cell cultures emerged instead. Self-renewing capacity and unlimited growth potential indicated the presence of cells with stem-like properties in all @entity0 -derived populations but immunophenotype and @entity4 expression exhibited variability. Enhanced @entity4 expression and activity was observed in melanospheres in comparison with cell aggregates and single-cell culture, and @entity3 -like conditions that increased the ability of single-cell population to form melanospheres enhanced @entity4 expression and cell pigmentation as well. Thus, @entity4 seems to be a critical transcription factor for formation of both @entity0 -derived and @entity3 -induced melanospheres. After 2 years of continuous culturing, melanospheres progressively underwent transition into cell aggregates that was accompanied by changes in expression of several @entity4 -dependent genes associated with melanogenesis and survival and alterations in the composition of subpopulations but not in the frequency of @entity5 -positive cells. Several biological properties of parent @entity1 are well preserved in @entity0 -derived melanospheres, but during prolonged culturing the heterogeneity is substantially lost when the melanospheres are substituted by cell aggregates. This should be considered when cell aggregates instead of melanospheres are used in the study of @entity2 biology and cell response to drugs.Laboratory Investigation advance online publication, 13 April 2015; doi:10.1038/labinvest.2015.48.

title: Phenotypic diversity of @entity0 -derived XXXX populations in stem cell medium.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 are highly heterogeneous @entity1 and there is no treatment effective at achieving long-term remission for @entity2 @entity0 . Thus, an appropriate model system for studying @entity2 biology and response to drugs is necessary. It has been shown that composition of the medium is a critical factor in preserving the complexity of the @entity1 in in vitro settings, and melanospheres maintained in stem cell medium are a good model in this respect. In the present study, we observed that not all @entity2 @entity0 -derived cell populations grown in stem cell medium were capable of forming melanospheres, and cell aggregates and anchorage-independent single-cell cultures emerged instead. Self-renewing capacity and unlimited growth potential indicated the presence of cells with stem-like properties in all @entity0 -derived populations but immunophenotype and @entity4 expression exhibited variability. Enhanced @entity4 expression and activity was observed in melanospheres in comparison with cell aggregates and single-cell culture, and @entity3 -like conditions that increased the ability of single-cell population to form melanospheres enhanced @entity4 expression and cell pigmentation as well. Thus, @entity4 seems to be a critical transcription factor for formation of both @entity0 -derived and @entity3 -induced melanospheres. After 2 years of continuous culturing, melanospheres progressively underwent transition into cell aggregates that was accompanied by changes in expression of several @entity4 -dependent genes associated with melanogenesis and survival and alterations in the composition of subpopulations but not in the frequency of @entity5 -positive cells. Several biological properties of parent @entity1 are well preserved in @entity0 -derived melanospheres, but during prolonged culturing the heterogeneity is substantially lost when the melanospheres are substituted by cell aggregates. This should be considered when cell aggregates instead of melanospheres are used in the study of @entity2 biology and cell response to drugs.Laboratory Investigation advance online publication, 13 April 2015; doi:10.1038/labinvest.2015.48.

title: Phenotypic diversity of XXXX -derived @entity2 populations in stem cell medium.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) is associated with high in-hospital morbidity and mortality in @entity7 @entity0 . Long-term outcomes have received little attention. METHODS: The aim of this study was to characterize @entity1 ( @entity1 ) nexus in @entity7 @entity0 with @entity6 (RIFLE class F). We performed a single-centre prospective observational study of 425 consecutive @entity7 @entity0 with @entity6 requiring RRT. None of these @entity0 had pre-existing @entity1 . Primary outcomes were vital status and renal function at hospital discharge and at 5 and 10 years of follow-up. RESULTS: The overall in-hospital mortality of the study cohort was 47%, the mortality rates at 1, 5 and 10 years were 65, 75 and 80%, respectively. At hospital discharge, recovery of renal function was complete in 56% of survivors. None of these @entity0 developed @entity1 during follow-up. Ninety percent of the 100 survivors with partial recovery of renal function had ongoing @entity1 during long-term follow-up. @entity1 progressed to @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in 12 @entity0 (3% of the cohort or 5% of survivors). The @entity0 with post-AKICKD had a higher prevalence of @entity2 , a higher rate of fatal @entity4 and a higher all-cause @entity3 rate. CONCLUSION: Long-term survival of @entity7 @entity0 with @entity6 requiring RRT is poor and determined by the development of de novo @entity1 . There is a need for close follow-up of @entity0 surviving @entity6 to prevent progressive @entity1 and to reduce associated lethal @entity4 .

title: Long-term outcomes of survivors of ICU XXXX requiring renal replacement therapy: a 10-year prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Different rabbit polyclonal antilymphocyte globulins (ATGs) are used in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) to prevent @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We compared 2 different ATGs in alloHSCT after reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) for @entity2 . We reviewed 30 alloHSCT for @entity2 performed between 2007 and 2010 with @entity5 and i.v. @entity3 as conditioning regimen. @entity0 alternatingly received Thymoglobulin or ATG-F. Median followup was 3.3 (2.5-4.5) years. Adverse events appeared to occur more frequently during Thymoglobulin infusion than during ATG-F infusion but without statistical significance (P = 0.14). There were also no differences in 3-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse incidence, and transplant related mortality (TRM) in the Thymoglobulin versus ATG-F group: 45.7% versus 46.7%, 40% versus 33.7%, 40% versus 33.3%, and 20% versus 33.3%. The same held for graft failure, rejection, @entity1 , immune reconstitution, and acute or chronic @entity4 . In @entity0 transplanted for @entity2 after RIC, the use of Thymoglobulin is comparable to that of ATG-F in all the aspects evaluated in the study. However due to the small number of @entity0 in each group we cannot exclude a possible difference that may exist.

title: Comparing Two Types of Rabbit ATG prior to Reduced Intensity Conditioning Allogeneic Hematopoietic SCT for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In 68 younger de novo @entity0 with the @entity4 the action of @entity6 , Sinemet, a combination of these drugs, and @entity7 with additional @entity6 or Sinemet medication was investigated over at least a 6-year period. The favorable reaction on Sinemet medication was complicated by the occurrence of @entity2 in the majority of cases as contrasted with the @entity6 group. @entity2 were mild and not prominent in the combined group. In the sixth year, it appeared necessary to increase the dosage in the first three groups. Temporary complete replacement after 5 years of Sinemet by @entity6 caused a clinical deterioration, whereas the @entity2 did not (completely) disappear. Both drugs markedly improved the @entity5 in the @entity7 group. The results in the old-age category (60 @entity0 ) without high vascular risk were comparable with those of the young @entity0 . The same applied for those @entity3 @entity0 with high vascular risk, in whom the cerebral circulation could be restored. The final conclusion of this study can be formulated as follows: Primary multitherapy with low dosage @entity6 and a levodopa preparation may be the therapy of choice. In case of high vascular risk, improvement of the cerebral circulation may be as important as treatment with anti- @entity1 drugs.

title: Low-dosage treatment in de novo @entity0 with XXXX : a prospective study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In 68 younger de novo @entity0 with the @entity4 the action of @entity6 , Sinemet, a combination of these drugs, and @entity7 with additional @entity6 or Sinemet medication was investigated over at least a 6-year period. The favorable reaction on Sinemet medication was complicated by the occurrence of @entity2 in the majority of cases as contrasted with the @entity6 group. @entity2 were mild and not prominent in the combined group. In the sixth year, it appeared necessary to increase the dosage in the first three groups. Temporary complete replacement after 5 years of Sinemet by @entity6 caused a clinical deterioration, whereas the @entity2 did not (completely) disappear. Both drugs markedly improved the @entity5 in the @entity7 group. The results in the old-age category (60 @entity0 ) without high vascular risk were comparable with those of the young @entity0 . The same applied for those @entity3 @entity0 with high vascular risk, in whom the cerebral circulation could be restored. The final conclusion of this study can be formulated as follows: Primary multitherapy with low dosage @entity6 and a levodopa preparation may be the therapy of choice. In case of high vascular risk, improvement of the cerebral circulation may be as important as treatment with anti- @entity1 drugs.

title: Low-dosage treatment in de novo XXXX with @entity1 : a prospective study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate changes in mental health over 2 years in adolescents undergoing gastric bypass. METHODS: Eighty-eight adolescents (65% @entity0 ) aged 13 to 18 years were assessed at baseline @entity4 years after surgery. Generic and @entity1 -specific questionnaires were used to evaluate outcomes in mental health, also in relation to age- and gender-specific norms. RESULTS: Symptoms of @entity2 (P   =   0.001), @entity3 (P   =   0.001), anger (P   =   0.001), and disruptive behavior (P   =   0.022) were significantly reduced at 2 years after surgery, as were @entity1 -related problems (P   <   0.001). Self-esteem (P   <   0.001), self-concept (P   <   0.001), and overall mood (P   =   0.025) improved significantly. Improvements were mainly observed during the first year after surgery. The second year was characterized by stabilization. Symptoms of @entity2 , @entity3 , anger, disruptive behavior, and self-concept were at normative levels after surgery. However, 19% of the adolescents had @entity3 in the clinical range. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial improvement in mental health in adolescents over the first 2 years after gastric bypass was found. Most adolescents had a level of mental health and self-concept similar to norms, but a marked subgroup showed substantial @entity3 2 years after surgery.

title: Two-year trends in psychological outcomes after gastric bypass in adolescents with severe XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors conducted a study to validate the following 3 evidence-based, process-of-care quality measures focused on @entity2 prevention for @entity0 with an elevated risk of experiencing caries: sealants for 6- to 9-year-olds, sealants for 10- to 14-year-olds, and topical @entity1 . METHODS: Using evidence-based guidelines, the Dental Quality Alliance developed measures for implementation with administrative data at the plan and program levels. To validate the measures, the authors used data from the Florida and Texas Medicaid programs and @entity0 's Health Insurance Programs and from national commercial dental benefit plans. Data were extracted from 414 randomly selected dental office records to validate the use of administrative data to accurately calculate the measures. The authors also assessed statistically significant variations in overall measure performance. RESULTS: Agreement between administrative data and dental records was 95% for sealants (k  = 0.82) and 90% for topical @entity1 (k  = 0.78). Sensitivity and specificity were 90.7% and 88.5% for topical @entity1 and 77.8% and 98.8% for sealants, respectively. Variation in overall measure performance was greatest for topical @entity1 (  (2)  = 5,887.1; P  < .01); 18% to 37%  of @entity0 with an elevated risk of experiencing caries received at least 2 topical @entity1 applications during the reporting year. Although there was greater variation in performance for sealants for 6- to 9-year-olds (range, 21.0-31.3%;   (2)  = 548.6; P  < .01) compared with sealants for 10- to 14-year-olds (range, 8.4-11.1%;   (2)  = 22.7; P  < .01), overall sealant placement rates were lower for 10- to 14-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS: These evidence-based, caries prevention process-of-care quality measures can be implemented feasibly and validly using administrative claims data. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The measures can be used to assess, monitor, and improve the proportion of @entity0 with an elevated risk of experiencing @entity2 who receive evidence-based caries prevention services.

title: Measuring quality of dental care: Caries prevention services for XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: A major problem in the treatment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 with interferon-beta ( @entity4 ) is the development of neutralising antibodies (NAbs). High levels of NAbs block the induction of @entity4 -inducible markers, including Myxovirus Resistance Protein A (encoded by the @entity7 gene), resulting in a loss of bioactivity and therapeutic benefit. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the in vivo biological response to interferon-alpha ( @entity5 ) in @entity1 @entity0 , who have developed neutralising antibodies (NAbs) against @entity4 . DESIGN/METHODS: The study was an open-label phase II study in 10 @entity0 with relapsing-remitting @entity1 with persisting NAbs against @entity4 and absent in vivo mRNA MxA response. We used in vivo induction of @entity7 mRNA and other IFN-inducible genes as measure of the biological response. The primary endpoint was the in vivo mRNA @entity7 response after an injection of @entity5 compared with the response after an injection of @entity4 . RESULTS: In all 10 @entity0 we found high @entity7 expression after injection of @entity5 6 MIU, indicating a preserved in vivo response to @entity5 . We measured the gene expression index of immune system genes in blood cells from the 10 NAb-positive @entity0 after @entity5 treatment and 10 NAb-negative @entity0 after injection of @entity4 . We found a significantly increased expression of a number of genes, including @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity2 and @entity3 (encoding @entity3 ) in the NAb-positive @entity0 treated with @entity5 . INTERPRETATION: @entity5 could be a therapeutic option in @entity0 , who have lost the biological response to @entity4 because of NAbs against @entity4 . ClinicalTrials gov. Identifier: NCT01171209.

title: Preserved in vivo response to interferon-alpha in XXXX @entity0 with neutralising antibodies against interferon-beta (REPAIR study).

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: A major problem in the treatment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 with interferon-beta ( @entity4 ) is the development of neutralising antibodies (NAbs). High levels of NAbs block the induction of @entity4 -inducible markers, including Myxovirus Resistance Protein A (encoded by the @entity7 gene), resulting in a loss of bioactivity and therapeutic benefit. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to investigate the in vivo biological response to interferon-alpha ( @entity5 ) in @entity1 @entity0 , who have developed neutralising antibodies (NAbs) against @entity4 . DESIGN/METHODS: The study was an open-label phase II study in 10 @entity0 with relapsing-remitting @entity1 with persisting NAbs against @entity4 and absent in vivo mRNA MxA response. We used in vivo induction of @entity7 mRNA and other IFN-inducible genes as measure of the biological response. The primary endpoint was the in vivo mRNA @entity7 response after an injection of @entity5 compared with the response after an injection of @entity4 . RESULTS: In all 10 @entity0 we found high @entity7 expression after injection of @entity5 6 MIU, indicating a preserved in vivo response to @entity5 . We measured the gene expression index of immune system genes in blood cells from the 10 NAb-positive @entity0 after @entity5 treatment and 10 NAb-negative @entity0 after injection of @entity4 . We found a significantly increased expression of a number of genes, including @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity2 and @entity3 (encoding @entity3 ) in the NAb-positive @entity0 treated with @entity5 . INTERPRETATION: @entity5 could be a therapeutic option in @entity0 , who have lost the biological response to @entity4 because of NAbs against @entity4 . ClinicalTrials gov. Identifier: NCT01171209.

title: Preserved in vivo response to interferon-alpha in @entity1 XXXX with neutralising antibodies against interferon-beta (REPAIR study).

answer: @entity0


abstract: Myocardium salvaged by early thrombolysis and then perfused through a residual stenosis may be at risk for @entity1 events. To investigate this possibility, the short-term (2-week) clinical course of 81 consecutive @entity0 managed within a randomized intracoronary thrombolysis trial was reviewed. All @entity0 underwent coronary angiography within 5 hours of symptoms of @entity4 and were stratified into the following 3 outcome groups: @entity0 with @entity2 (subtotal group, n = 17), those with @entity2 and @entity6 artery reperfusion (reperfused group, n = 24) and those with continued @entity6 @entity2 (occluded group, n = 40). Recurrent @entity1 events were defined as spontaneous @entity5 , provokable angina on predischarge exercise testing, and reinfarction. Eleven of 17 @entity0 (65%) in the subtotal and 11 of 23 @entity0 (48%) in the reperfused groups had an @entity1 event (difference not significant). In contrast, 4 of 37 @entity0 (11%) with occlusion had an @entity1 event (p less than 0.01 compared with @entity0 in the subtotal or reperfused groups). Four @entity0 were excluded because of early (within 72 hours) elective coronary bypass surgery or death from pump failure. To eliminate the impact of multivessel @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 39 @entity0 with 1-vessel @entity3 were analyzed separately. Five of 9 @entity0 (56%) in the subtotal group, 3 of 10 (30%) in the reperfused group and only 2 of 20 (10%) in the occluded group had an @entity1 event. These observations suggest the need for a more definitive revascularization strategy for @entity4 .

title: Recurrent early XXXX events after thrombolysis for @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Myocardium salvaged by early thrombolysis and then perfused through a residual stenosis may be at risk for @entity1 events. To investigate this possibility, the short-term (2-week) clinical course of 81 consecutive @entity0 managed within a randomized intracoronary thrombolysis trial was reviewed. All @entity0 underwent coronary angiography within 5 hours of symptoms of @entity4 and were stratified into the following 3 outcome groups: @entity0 with @entity2 (subtotal group, n = 17), those with @entity2 and @entity6 artery reperfusion (reperfused group, n = 24) and those with continued @entity6 @entity2 (occluded group, n = 40). Recurrent @entity1 events were defined as spontaneous @entity5 , provokable angina on predischarge exercise testing, and reinfarction. Eleven of 17 @entity0 (65%) in the subtotal and 11 of 23 @entity0 (48%) in the reperfused groups had an @entity1 event (difference not significant). In contrast, 4 of 37 @entity0 (11%) with occlusion had an @entity1 event (p less than 0.01 compared with @entity0 in the subtotal or reperfused groups). Four @entity0 were excluded because of early (within 72 hours) elective coronary bypass surgery or death from pump failure. To eliminate the impact of multivessel @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 39 @entity0 with 1-vessel @entity3 were analyzed separately. Five of 9 @entity0 (56%) in the subtotal group, 3 of 10 (30%) in the reperfused group and only 2 of 20 (10%) in the occluded group had an @entity1 event. These observations suggest the need for a more definitive revascularization strategy for @entity4 .

title: Recurrent early @entity1 events after thrombolysis for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Of a population of 400 @entity0 treated with @entity3 , 97 underwent thyroid function evaluation. Of these, 20 @entity0 proved to be @entity5 and 16 @entity1 . In @entity5 @entity0 , symptoms developed 2 to 36 months after starting treatment with @entity3 , the most specific laboratory finding being a high total T3 (TT3). No antithyroid treatment proved useful. Thyroid function returned to normal 3 to 7 months after stopping @entity3 therapy. In the @entity1 group, a high thyroid-stimulating hormone was the most specific laboratory finding. These @entity0 were treated with substitute therapy with or without withdrawal of @entity3 . The @entity2 content of the thyroid gland in part of this population taking @entity3 was measured by in vivo x-ray fluorescence. @entity0 in whom @entity4 developed showed especially high @entity2 contents. During treatment with @entity3 , @entity0 at high risk of @entity4 were recognized by increasing TT3 values and higher @entity2 thyroid levels. A reduction in maintenance dose should be considered in this specific population.

title: XXXX -induced thyroid gland dysfunction.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The United States is in the midst of an unprecedented @entity3 . Illicit use of prescription medicine, predominantly opioids, has become one of the nation's fastest-growing drug problems. We have conducted a retrospective review of prescription opioid fatalities in New York City (NYC) prior to the introduction of a 2013 law intended to curtail prescription drug abuse. Over the 2  years of our study, there were 1286 chemical intoxication fatalities in NYC. Of these, 547 (42.5  %) were associated with prescription opioids (6.5/100,000 population). @entity2 was most frequently encountered followed by @entity5 . Only 36.7  % of decedents had a valid opioid prescription. Of non-opioid medications associated with the prescription opiate @entity1 , @entity4 were the most frequently encountered (68.4  %), and @entity6 (35.1  %) was most common. Though prescribers have no control over drug diversion they should be cognizant of the urgent public health concern regarding prescription @entity7 and associated fatalities and attempt to identify doctor shoppers and limit prescription of these potent drugs to those with a legitimate need for @entity0 control. They also need to be aware of the high incidence of fatalities due to combined opioid and @entity4 use/abuse and refrain from prescribing them in tandem.

title: Prescription opioid related XXXX in New York City: a 2  year retrospective analysis prior to the introduction of the New York State I-STOP law.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Neutrophils play a key role in host defense against invading pathogens by releasing toxic agents, such as ROS and antimicrobial peptides. @entity0 neutrophils express several TLRs that recognize a variety of microbial motifs. The interaction between TLR and their agonists is believed to help neutrophils to recognize and to kill pathogens efficiently by increasing their activation, a process called priming. However, excessive activation can induce tissue injury and thereby, contribute to inflammatory disorders. Agonists that activate @entity5 and @entity7 induce priming of neutrophil ROS production; however, which receptor is involved in this process has not been elucidated. In this study, we show that the selective @entity7 agonist, @entity10 (3M002), induced a dramatic increase of fMLF-stimulated @entity2 activation, whereas the selective @entity5 agonist, @entity11 , failed to induce any priming effect. Interestingly, @entity10 , but not @entity11 , induced the phosphorylation of the @entity2 cytosolic component @entity6 on several serines and the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and @entity3 . The inhibitor of p38MAPK completely blocked @entity10 -induced phosphorylation of @entity6 Ser345. Moreover, @entity10 , but not @entity11 , induced the activation of the @entity4 isomerase @entity8 , and @entity9 , a @entity8 inhibitor, prevented @entity10 -mediated priming of fMLF-induced @entity1 production. These results indicate that @entity7 , but not @entity5 , is involved in priming of @entity0 neutrophil ROS production by inducing the phosphorylation of @entity6 and p38MAPK and that @entity8 is also involved in this process.

title: @entity7 , but not XXXX , induces the priming of the NADPH oxidase activation in @entity0 neutrophils.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Neutrophils play a key role in host defense against invading pathogens by releasing toxic agents, such as ROS and antimicrobial peptides. @entity0 neutrophils express several TLRs that recognize a variety of microbial motifs. The interaction between TLR and their agonists is believed to help neutrophils to recognize and to kill pathogens efficiently by increasing their activation, a process called priming. However, excessive activation can induce tissue injury and thereby, contribute to inflammatory disorders. Agonists that activate @entity5 and @entity7 induce priming of neutrophil ROS production; however, which receptor is involved in this process has not been elucidated. In this study, we show that the selective @entity7 agonist, @entity10 (3M002), induced a dramatic increase of fMLF-stimulated @entity2 activation, whereas the selective @entity5 agonist, @entity11 , failed to induce any priming effect. Interestingly, @entity10 , but not @entity11 , induced the phosphorylation of the @entity2 cytosolic component @entity6 on several serines and the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and @entity3 . The inhibitor of p38MAPK completely blocked @entity10 -induced phosphorylation of @entity6 Ser345. Moreover, @entity10 , but not @entity11 , induced the activation of the @entity4 isomerase @entity8 , and @entity9 , a @entity8 inhibitor, prevented @entity10 -mediated priming of fMLF-induced @entity1 production. These results indicate that @entity7 , but not @entity5 , is involved in priming of @entity0 neutrophil ROS production by inducing the phosphorylation of @entity6 and p38MAPK and that @entity8 is also involved in this process.

title: XXXX , but not @entity5 , induces the priming of the NADPH oxidase activation in @entity0 neutrophils.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Neutrophils play a key role in host defense against invading pathogens by releasing toxic agents, such as ROS and antimicrobial peptides. @entity0 neutrophils express several TLRs that recognize a variety of microbial motifs. The interaction between TLR and their agonists is believed to help neutrophils to recognize and to kill pathogens efficiently by increasing their activation, a process called priming. However, excessive activation can induce tissue injury and thereby, contribute to inflammatory disorders. Agonists that activate @entity5 and @entity7 induce priming of neutrophil ROS production; however, which receptor is involved in this process has not been elucidated. In this study, we show that the selective @entity7 agonist, @entity10 (3M002), induced a dramatic increase of fMLF-stimulated @entity2 activation, whereas the selective @entity5 agonist, @entity11 , failed to induce any priming effect. Interestingly, @entity10 , but not @entity11 , induced the phosphorylation of the @entity2 cytosolic component @entity6 on several serines and the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and @entity3 . The inhibitor of p38MAPK completely blocked @entity10 -induced phosphorylation of @entity6 Ser345. Moreover, @entity10 , but not @entity11 , induced the activation of the @entity4 isomerase @entity8 , and @entity9 , a @entity8 inhibitor, prevented @entity10 -mediated priming of fMLF-induced @entity1 production. These results indicate that @entity7 , but not @entity5 , is involved in priming of @entity0 neutrophil ROS production by inducing the phosphorylation of @entity6 and p38MAPK and that @entity8 is also involved in this process.

title: @entity7 , but not @entity5 , induces the priming of the NADPH oxidase activation in XXXX neutrophils.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ejaculates are usually collected in field conditions and may need to be shipped to a laboratory for the application of reproductive biotechnologies before cryopreservation. The aim of this study was to extend the prefreezing step to 48  hours (1  hour vs. long-term storage [LS] to 24 and 48  hours) to enable the sample to be transported. The effects of storage temperature (experiment 1), @entity0 concentration (experiment 2), and dilution rate (experiment 3) on sperm were evaluated. Electroejaculates from @entity3 were stored under different experimental conditions and cryopreserved. The sperm motility and viability, apoptotic status, and acrosomal status of sperm were assessed before freezing (prefreezing), after thawing, and after 2-hour incubation at 37    C (thermal stress test). In all experiments, one control sample was frozen using a standard protocol (control). In experiment 1, three temperatures during LS with 6% @entity0 were tested: 5    C (T5), 15    C (T15), and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The LS-T5 sample yielded the highest postthawing results for viability (42.4%), progressive motility (15.6%), and intact acrosome (83.1%) after 24 hours in comparison with the other temperatures (P  <  0.05); for 48 hours, the LS-T5 sample reached higher total and progressive motility (25.9% and 9%, respectively) and nonapoptotic values (36.5%). Recovery rates revealed susceptibility to freezing at LS-15 or LS- @entity1 samples at 24 hours (viability) or 48 hours ( @entity2 ). In experiment 2, samples were stored at 5    C up to 48  hours and three @entity0 concentrations were evaluated: 0% (0Gly), 3% (3Gly), and 6% (6Gly). Postthawing @entity2 increased progressively with the percentage of @entity0 for 24 hours at 5    C; 6% @entity0 during 48-hour storage had beneficial effects on sperm cryopreservation. Besides, 6% @entity0 had a clearly superior freezability for viability (42.7% and 40.8% for 24  hours and 48  hours, respectively) and motility (24  hours: total, 44.1%; progressive, 17.1%; 48  hours: total, 38.4%; progressive, 16%). In experiment 3, samples were stored up to 48 hours at 5    C with 6% of @entity0 and two dilution methods were evaluated: dilution 1:1 (average: 1782  *  10(6) sperm/mL; low) or final dilution (100  *  10(6) sperm/mL; high). Both dilution rates showed similar postthawing and postincubation results within 24 hours of long-term storage. After 48  hours, high dilution supported better postthawing quality. Both dilutions showed similar resistance to cryopreservation, except after 48  hours, when the high dilution reached a higher percent recovery rate of viability (38.8% vs. 21.6%, P  <  0.05). In conclusion, our results suggested that the best conditions for long-term prefreezing storage (up to 48 hours) of @entity3 electroejaculates are at 5    C, at a concentration of 100  *  10(6) sperm/mL, and with 6% @entity0 .

title: Optimization of conditions for long-term prefreezing storage of XXXX sperm before cryopreservation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to determine the survival of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with uncemented metal-backed (MB) glenoid components with a @entity3 (PE) insert in @entity1 , to assess the reasons for revision surgery, and to identify @entity0 and diagnostic factors that influence failure rates. METHODS: Between 1994 and 1999, 165 @entity0 (mean age, 68  years) with @entity1 were treated with anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty using an uncemented MB/PE glenoid component. Outcomes were assessed both clinically and radiologically with a minimum of 2  years of follow-up. A prosthetic survival curve was constructed with the end point defined as either partial or complete revision, using 100% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Survival rate free of revision was 46% (100% confidence interval, 32%-54%) at 12  years. At a mean follow-up of 8.5  years (range, 2-16  years), revision was required in 61 @entity0 (37%); 80% of shoulders undergoing revision (49 of 61) had evidence of PE wear. Glenoid loosening (because of @entity4 secondary to @entity5 ), soft tissue deficiency, and prosthetic instability were the most common modes of failure. Younger @entity0 and biconcave glenoids (with posterior humeral subluxation) have a negative effect on implant survival. Proximal humerus @entity4 was significantly more frequent in shoulders with PE wear. Exchange of the PE insert (with conservation of the MB tray) was possible in only 3% of the revised shoulders. CONCLUSION: Uncemented MB glenoid resurfacing is not a viable long-term therapeutic option because of accelerated PE wear leading to early revision surgery. Conservation of the MB tray with reinsertion of a new PE insert is rarely possible because of glenoid @entity2 , implant loosening, soft tissue deficiency, and prosthetic instability. Younger @entity0 and biconcave glenoids have a negative effect on implant survival.

title: Metal-backed glenoid implant with XXXX insert is not a viable long-term therapeutic option.

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: Although @entity0 are exposed to @entity10 ( @entity9 ) in their diet, there is no available literature related to drug interaction and the carcinogen-activating potential of @entity9 in the HepG2 cell line. OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine the effects of @entity9 on the @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity7 enzymes, which are primarily involved in carcinogen and drug metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity3 of @entity9 in HepG2 cells was investigated by measuring the cleavage of WST-1. The protein and mRNA levels of CYPs were determined by western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS: The EC10, EC25, and EC50 values of @entity9 were calculated to be 1.84, 3.91 and 7.39   mM, respectively. A sublethal dose of 5   mM was used throughout this study. The @entity4 protein and mRNA levels were increased by 52 and 40% (p   <   0.05), as were the @entity6 levels by 225 and 424%, respectively (p   <   0.05). However, @entity9 treatment caused 52 and 60% decreases in the levels of @entity7 protein and mRNA (p   <   0.05), respectively. In contrast to @entity7 , the @entity5 protein and mRNA levels increased by 110 and 130%, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Co-administration of @entity9 with some drugs may lead to undesirable food-drug interactions due to modulatory effects on @entity8 isozymes involved in drug metabolism. Moreover, exposure to @entity9 may cause an @entity1 and @entity3 due to the induction of the @entity8 isozymes involved in chemical @entity2 . Therefore, serious precautions should be taken when using @entity9 as a supplement.

title: Modulatory actions of @entity10 on carcinogen-activating XXXX isozymes and the potential for drug interactions in @entity0 hepatocarcinoma cells.

answer: @entity8


abstract: CONTEXT: Although @entity0 are exposed to @entity10 ( @entity9 ) in their diet, there is no available literature related to drug interaction and the carcinogen-activating potential of @entity9 in the HepG2 cell line. OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine the effects of @entity9 on the @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity7 enzymes, which are primarily involved in carcinogen and drug metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity3 of @entity9 in HepG2 cells was investigated by measuring the cleavage of WST-1. The protein and mRNA levels of CYPs were determined by western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS: The EC10, EC25, and EC50 values of @entity9 were calculated to be 1.84, 3.91 and 7.39   mM, respectively. A sublethal dose of 5   mM was used throughout this study. The @entity4 protein and mRNA levels were increased by 52 and 40% (p   <   0.05), as were the @entity6 levels by 225 and 424%, respectively (p   <   0.05). However, @entity9 treatment caused 52 and 60% decreases in the levels of @entity7 protein and mRNA (p   <   0.05), respectively. In contrast to @entity7 , the @entity5 protein and mRNA levels increased by 110 and 130%, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Co-administration of @entity9 with some drugs may lead to undesirable food-drug interactions due to modulatory effects on @entity8 isozymes involved in drug metabolism. Moreover, exposure to @entity9 may cause an @entity1 and @entity3 due to the induction of the @entity8 isozymes involved in chemical @entity2 . Therefore, serious precautions should be taken when using @entity9 as a supplement.

title: Modulatory actions of XXXX on carcinogen-activating @entity8 isozymes and the potential for drug interactions in @entity0 hepatocarcinoma cells.

answer: @entity10


abstract: CONTEXT: Although @entity0 are exposed to @entity10 ( @entity9 ) in their diet, there is no available literature related to drug interaction and the carcinogen-activating potential of @entity9 in the HepG2 cell line. OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine the effects of @entity9 on the @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity7 enzymes, which are primarily involved in carcinogen and drug metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The @entity3 of @entity9 in HepG2 cells was investigated by measuring the cleavage of WST-1. The protein and mRNA levels of CYPs were determined by western blotting and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS: The EC10, EC25, and EC50 values of @entity9 were calculated to be 1.84, 3.91 and 7.39   mM, respectively. A sublethal dose of 5   mM was used throughout this study. The @entity4 protein and mRNA levels were increased by 52 and 40% (p   <   0.05), as were the @entity6 levels by 225 and 424%, respectively (p   <   0.05). However, @entity9 treatment caused 52 and 60% decreases in the levels of @entity7 protein and mRNA (p   <   0.05), respectively. In contrast to @entity7 , the @entity5 protein and mRNA levels increased by 110 and 130%, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Co-administration of @entity9 with some drugs may lead to undesirable food-drug interactions due to modulatory effects on @entity8 isozymes involved in drug metabolism. Moreover, exposure to @entity9 may cause an @entity1 and @entity3 due to the induction of the @entity8 isozymes involved in chemical @entity2 . Therefore, serious precautions should be taken when using @entity9 as a supplement.

title: Modulatory actions of @entity10 on carcinogen-activating @entity8 isozymes and the potential for drug interactions in XXXX hepatocarcinoma cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare percutaneous suture-mediated closure (PSMC) with surgical closure in endovascular @entity2 repair and examine the influence of @entity1 , sheath size, and vessel calcification on the effectiveness of percutaneous closure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 445 @entity0 (mean age, 75.9    7.6 years) undergoing @entity2 repair from 2003 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 100 PSMC and 557 surgical closures for arteriotomies with sheath sizes between 12 F and 18 F were compared in terms of failure, complications, and operating room time. Additionally, effects of @entity3 , body mass index, and sheath size on PSMC were evaluated. RESULTS: Eighty-five percent of PSMCs were successful. Failure was attributed to lack of hemostasis in 11 and difficulty in device positioning in four cases. Complication rate after successful PSMC (9.4%) was significantly less than surgery (19.4%) (P = .02).When failed PSMC cases were considered as complication, the complication rate was not different between the two groups (P = .4). @entity4 occurred more after surgical closures (11.4% vs 1.2%; P = .001). @entity5 occurred more after PSMC (3.5% vs 0.18%; P = .008).Average PSMC procedure time was less than that of surgical closure (P = .0001). PSMC success rate was 89.7% for < 16-F sheaths and 80.4% for >=  16-F sheaths (P = .15). PSMC success was not different between @entity1 and nonobese @entity0 (P = .22). PSMC success in calcified and noncalcified arteries was not different (P = .37). CONCLUSIONS: PSMC is an effective arterial closure method. It is faster and associated with less postprocedure morbidity than surgery. Appropriate technique and meticulous vascular exposure affect PSMC success. Obesity, @entity3 , and sheath size did not change PSMC outcome in this study.

title: Percutaneous suture-mediated closure versus surgical XXXX repair.

answer: @entity2


abstract: IMPORTANCE: @entity2 can be associated with severe @entity1 in which nerve conduction may have a key role. Medical management of painful @entity2 is generally unsatisfactory. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of intralesional botulinum toxin A in the management of @entity1 associated with @entity2 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study conducted from January 5, 2009, to March 27, 2014. The setting was a single-center study at the National Institutes of Health among @entity0 18 years or older with @entity2 characterized by @entity1 at least once weekly and @entity1 of at least 4 on a @entity1 scale ranging from 0 to 10. INTERVENTIONS: Eighteen @entity0 were randomized to receive intralesional botulinum toxin A (5 U per 1 cm2) or equivalent volumes of intralesional saline placebo. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcomes were the differences in average lesional @entity1 assessed by the Brief Pain Inventory and visual analog scale before and after ice provocation over a 4-week period. RESULTS: No significant difference in average lesional @entity1 was observed between the study arms. @entity1 was reported in the botulinum toxin vs placebo arms by visual analog scale scores before ice provocation (median, 0.00; range, -3.30 to 0.70 for botulinum toxin and median, 0.40; range, -1.30 to 1.50 for placebo; P   =   .06); however, this finding was nonsignificant. No significant difference was observed in change in @entity1 after ice provocation. A significant difference was seen between the arms in skin-related quality of life by total Dermatology Life Quality Index (median, -4.00; range, -8.00 to 2.00 for botulinum toxin and median, 0.00; range, -1.00 to 4.00 for placebo; P   =   .007) and with the specific @entity1 -related question on the Dermatology Life Quality Index (median, -1.00; range, -2.00 to 1.00 for botulinum toxin and median, 0.00; range, -1.00 to 0.00 for placebo; P   =   .048). No significant difference was found in @entity1 as ascertained by @entity0 Global Impression of Change at week 4. No serious adverse events related to botulinum toxin use were observed. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The use of botulinum toxin to treat painful @entity2 was associated with improved quality of life and with a trend toward improved @entity1 at rest. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00971620.

title: Efficacy of Intralesional Botulinum Toxin A for Treatment of Painful XXXX : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pituitary @entity2 are rare and commonly described in case reports or small case series. Due to its rarity this entity is not subject to standardized treatment guidelines, there is debate about typical initial symptoms that may lead to finding the correct diagnosis and information about the clinical course is also sparse. METHODS: We have conducted a retrospective analysis of @entity1 with pituitary @entity2 who were surgically treated via a transsphenoidal procedure at our institution between 2006 and 2014. Underlying @entity5 , clinical and surgical course as well as adjuvant radiotherapy and follow-up data are presented. RESULTS: 14 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria (8 female, 6 male). Mean age was 61.5  years. Most @entity1 became symptomatic with visual symptoms-both @entity6 and/or @entity11 (n  =  13)-and @entity12 (n  =  8). Surprisingly @entity13 was only seen in three @entity1 . All @entity1 underwent transsphenoidal surgery initially, four @entity1 had to undergo surgery for @entity4 or recurrence, two of them via a transcranial route. @entity0 was the most common entity (n  =  6), followed by @entity8 (n  =  3), nsclc (n  =  2) and @entity9 , @entity7 and @entity10 in one case each. Postoperative MRI showed gross total resection in four cases and @entity5 in eight cases (subtotal resection, partial resection and biopsy), two @entity1 files were incomplete regarding MRI-results. All @entity1 underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. Survival after the initial diagnosis of @entity3 was 36 and 16  months after diagnosis of pituitary @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that transsphenoidal surgery is a safe method to resect pituitary @entity2 and that the extend of resection does not have an influence on survival time. Our results also indicate that @entity13 may not be the most common initial symptom of pituitary @entity2 and lack thereof should not lead to making a wrong diagnosis and delaying appropriate therapy.

title: Surgical management of pituitary XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Introduction. Dissection of the myocardium is a rare form of @entity8 , caused by a hemorrhagic dissection among the spiral myocardial fibers, its diagnosis is rarely established before the operation or @entity1 , and extremely few cases have been reported in the literature and none of these cases seem to have a history of previous cardiac surgery which makes our report unique. Case Presentation. A 61-year-old female @entity0 was admitted into the emergency room with complaints of progressive @entity5 for 2 days. She had a history of second time prosthetic aortic valve replacement and was under anticoagulation therapy. She was diagnosed with an acute inferoposterior @entity4 and underwent emergency coronary angiography revealing spontaneous recanalization of the right coronary artery. During the follow-up, she developed @entity6 and a new occurring systolic ejection murmur. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a left ventricular free wall @entity2 ; then, she was taken in for emergency surgery. During the operation, a @entity2 zone and a wide intramyocardial dissecting area were detected. Intraventricular patch repair technic with autologous pericardial patch was used to exclude the @entity2 . Following the warming period, despite adequate hemostasis, @entity3 around suture lines progressively increased, leading to the @entity0 's @entity1 . Conclusion. @entity7 might contain left @entity9 leading to intramyocardial dissection.

title: Intramyocardial Dissection following Postinfarction XXXX Contained by Surrounding Postoperative Adhesions.

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Microglia are a proliferative population of resident brain macrophages that under physiological conditions self-renew independent of hematopoiesis. Microglia are innate immune cells actively surveying the brain and are the earliest responders to injury. During aging, microglia elicit an enhanced @entity2 also referred to as 'priming'. To date, it remains unknown whether @entity3 affects the proliferative capacity and induces priming of microglia. We addressed this issue using early (first-generation G1 @entity4 (-/-) )- and late-generation (third-generation G3 and G4 @entity4 (-/-) ) telomerase-deficient @entity0 , which carry a homozygous deletion for the telomerase RNA component gene ( @entity4 ). Late-generation @entity4 (-/-) microglia show @entity3 and decreased proliferation efficiency. Under physiological conditions, gene expression and functionality of G3 @entity4 (-/-) microglia are comparable with microglia derived from G1 @entity4 (-/-) @entity0 despite changes in morphology. However, after intraperitoneal injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), G3 @entity4 (-/-) microglia @entity0 show an enhanced pro-inflammatory response. Nevertheless, this enhanced inflammatory response was not accompanied by an increased expression of genes known to be associated with age-associated microglia priming. The increased inflammatory response in microglia correlates closely with @entity1 , a loss of blood-brain barrier integrity, and infiltration of immune cells in the brain parenchyma in this @entity0 model of @entity3 .

title: Enhanced microglial pro-inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide correlates with brain infiltration and blood-brain barrier dysregulation in a @entity0 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Microglia are a proliferative population of resident brain macrophages that under physiological conditions self-renew independent of hematopoiesis. Microglia are innate immune cells actively surveying the brain and are the earliest responders to injury. During aging, microglia elicit an enhanced @entity2 also referred to as 'priming'. To date, it remains unknown whether @entity3 affects the proliferative capacity and induces priming of microglia. We addressed this issue using early (first-generation G1 @entity4 (-/-) )- and late-generation (third-generation G3 and G4 @entity4 (-/-) ) telomerase-deficient @entity0 , which carry a homozygous deletion for the telomerase RNA component gene ( @entity4 ). Late-generation @entity4 (-/-) microglia show @entity3 and decreased proliferation efficiency. Under physiological conditions, gene expression and functionality of G3 @entity4 (-/-) microglia are comparable with microglia derived from G1 @entity4 (-/-) @entity0 despite changes in morphology. However, after intraperitoneal injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), G3 @entity4 (-/-) microglia @entity0 show an enhanced pro-inflammatory response. Nevertheless, this enhanced inflammatory response was not accompanied by an increased expression of genes known to be associated with age-associated microglia priming. The increased inflammatory response in microglia correlates closely with @entity1 , a loss of blood-brain barrier integrity, and infiltration of immune cells in the brain parenchyma in this @entity0 model of @entity3 .

title: Enhanced microglial pro-inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide correlates with brain infiltration and blood-brain barrier dysregulation in a XXXX model of @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most common adult primary @entity5 . Despite aggressive multimodal therapy, the survival of @entity0 with @entity4 remains dismal. However, recent evidence has demonstrated the promise of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSCs) as a therapeutic delivery vehicle for anti- @entity2 agents due to their ability to migrate or home to @entity0 @entity2 . While several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of harnessing the homing capacity of BM-hMSCs for targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics, it is now also evident, based on clinically relevant @entity2 stem cell (GSC) models of GBMs, that BM-hMSCs demonstrate variable tropism toward these @entity1 . In this study, we compared the lipid environment of GSC xenografts that attract BM-hMSCs (N = 9) with those that do not attract (N = 9) to identify lipid modalities that are conducive to homing of BM-hMSC to GBMs. We identified lipids directly from tissue by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) and electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI- @entity3 / @entity3 ) of lipid extracts. Several species of signaling lipids, including phosphatidic acid (PA 36:2, PA 40:5, PA 42:5, and PA 42:7) and diacylglycerol (DAG 34:0, DAG 34:1, DAG 36:1, DAG 38:4, DAG 38:6, and DAG 40:6), were lower in attracting xenografts. Molecular lipid images showed that PA (36:2), DAG (40:6), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were decreased within @entity1 regions of attracting xenografts. Our results provide the first evidence for lipid signaling pathways and lipid-mediated @entity1 inflammatory responses in the homing of BM-hMSCs to GSC xenografts. Our studies provide new fundamental knowledge on the molecular correlates of the differential homing capacity of BM-hMSCs toward GSC xenografts.

title: ESI- XXXX / @entity3 and MALDI-IMS Localization Reveal Alterations in Phosphatidic Acid, Diacylglycerol, and DHA in Glioma Stem Cell Xenografts.

answer: @entity3