abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between @entity4 ( @entity4 ) therapy and bone metabolism. @entity0 AND METHODS: The sample was composed of 151 @entity0 , aged between 1 and 17 years. There were 71 @entity2 treated with @entity4 for at least 6 months (group 1), 44 @entity2 treated occasionally with @entity4 during exacerbations (group 2), and 36 healthy @entity0 (group 3). @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and markers of bone formation and resorption were measured. These measures, as well as other related factors, were compared among groups. Regression models for @entity3 and @entity1 were used with the group as the independent variable adjusted by factors with differences between groups. A two-tailed level of p < 0.05 was used in all tests. RESULTS: No differences in @entity1 were found between groups 1 and 2 but significant differences were found between groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.003). No differences were found in markers of bone formation and resorption among the groups. No association was found between @entity1 and the type, daily dose or accumulated dose of @entity4 . Group 1 showed an @entity3 odds ratio relative to group 3 of 2.94 (95 % CI: 1.49-5.78) and an average reduction of @entity1 of 0.50 (95 % CI: 0.32-0.68) was found from group 3 to 2 and from group 2 to 1. In group 1, markers of bone resorption significantly increased in @entity2 with @entity3 compared with those without @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 treatment in @entity2 @entity0 seems to affect @entity1 . Markers of bone formation and resorption are unaffected. @entity3 in these @entity0 could also be related to other factors that increase bone resorption.

title: [Inhaled corticosteroid therapy and bone metabolism in XXXX @entity0 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between @entity4 ( @entity4 ) therapy and bone metabolism. @entity0 AND METHODS: The sample was composed of 151 @entity0 , aged between 1 and 17 years. There were 71 @entity2 treated with @entity4 for at least 6 months (group 1), 44 @entity2 treated occasionally with @entity4 during exacerbations (group 2), and 36 healthy @entity0 (group 3). @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and markers of bone formation and resorption were measured. These measures, as well as other related factors, were compared among groups. Regression models for @entity3 and @entity1 were used with the group as the independent variable adjusted by factors with differences between groups. A two-tailed level of p < 0.05 was used in all tests. RESULTS: No differences in @entity1 were found between groups 1 and 2 but significant differences were found between groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.003). No differences were found in markers of bone formation and resorption among the groups. No association was found between @entity1 and the type, daily dose or accumulated dose of @entity4 . Group 1 showed an @entity3 odds ratio relative to group 3 of 2.94 (95 % CI: 1.49-5.78) and an average reduction of @entity1 of 0.50 (95 % CI: 0.32-0.68) was found from group 3 to 2 and from group 2 to 1. In group 1, markers of bone resorption significantly increased in @entity2 with @entity3 compared with those without @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 treatment in @entity2 @entity0 seems to affect @entity1 . Markers of bone formation and resorption are unaffected. @entity3 in these @entity0 could also be related to other factors that increase bone resorption.

title: [Inhaled corticosteroid therapy and bone metabolism in @entity2 XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The present study included 40 healthy nulliparous @entity0 admitted to the hospital for termination of first trimester pregnancy. The @entity0 were randomly allocated to two study groups. One group was treated for 4 hours with one 1 mg Cervagem vaginal suppository prior to vacuum aspiration, the other was treated 4 hours with a Dilapan osmotic dilator intracervically. The @entity0 were continuously supervised during treatment and after operation. Side effects and analgesic consumption were recorded. At operation the degree of @entity3 , @entity1 was registered. Dilapan was more effective and more uniform in dilating the cervix (p less than 0.05) and eventual further dilatation was easier (p less than 0.05). The @entity1 was higher in the Dilapan-treated group (p less than 0.05). Side effects of @entity2 and use of analgesic injections were higher in the Cervagem group (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that both methods are effective in dilating the cervix prior to vacuum aspiration, with Dilapan being the more effective dilator with the lower frequency of side effects.

title: Cervagem/Dilapan for preoperative XXXX prior to vacuum aspiration for termination of first trimester pregnancy. A prospective randomized study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are essential in the recognition of foreign antigens in humoral immune response, which is genetically predetermined. Susceptibility to certain diseases that involve the immune response has been studied in relation to distinct HLA types. Although some diseases have been found to correlate to specific HLA loci positively, it has been difficult to isolate HLA types that predispose @entity0 to periodontal destruction. Here, we review the current knowledge and recent advances in HLA genetics and its biology, which determine susceptibility to early-onset @entity3 (EOP). The @entity1 *1501-DQB1*0602 genotype has been found with increasing frequency in EOP @entity0 . This HLA genotype expresses aspartic acid at position 57 and @entity2 at position 70 on the DQ beta chain, suggesting a capability to bind certain bacterial antigens. The T cell response against the outer membrane protein (Ag53) of @entity4 was examined via this HLA genotype. Strong T cell response against Ag53 p141-161 was inhibited partially by anti-DR antibody, but not by anti-DQ antibody. Possible host and bacterial peptides capable of binding @entity1 *1501 were elucidated when the peptide sequence was compared to gene and protein databases. These results suggest that @entity0 who have the @entity1 *1501-DQB1*0602 genotype may have an accelerated T cell response to certain periodontopathic bacteria such as @entity4 in hyperimmune reactions and thus increased susceptibility to EOP.

title: HLA genetics for diagnosis of susceptibility to early-onset XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Regeneration of endothelium after damage is an important factor, which limits the development of @entity1 . This study examines the topographical characteristics of regenerating endothelial cells (EC) in @entity0 aorta after de-endothelialization by cryodestruction. The effects of @entity3 on these processes were also studied. Vessels were harvested from 6-month-old NZW @entity0 , 1 and 3 days after cryodestruction. The vessels were evaluated using @entity2 ( @entity2 ). One day after cryodestruction, there were defects in the endothelial monolayer in the zone of injury in saline treated animals. Large numbers of platelets and monocytes were observed in association with endothelium in the damaged zone. Three days after de-endothelialization the size of the area of the damage had decreased. On the surface of the new endothelial layer and below this defect, the number of adhering monocytes was increased, and many microdefects between endothelium could be seen. Administration of @entity3 for 1 or 3 days after damage reduced the number of endothelium-adherent platelets and monocytes, and microdefects in endothelium. The feature of endothelial repair in @entity0 is a relatively large involvement of monocytes and platelets, which are visible below regenerated endothelium. Administration of @entity3 essentially restored re-endothelialization and significantly decreased the number of adherent monocytes and microdefects in the new endothelium.

title: Morphological features of regeneration of XXXX aortic endothelium after cryoinduced vascular damage.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Fifty cases of @entity3 were studied by scanning electron microscopy to study the possible differences in the surface morphology of @entity0 cells between T cell and B cell @entity3 . Acid @entity4 esterase (ANAE) activity test, the stain of antiserum samples of gamma, mu, alpha, kappa, lambda chains with the peroxidase antiperoxidase immune complex method (PAP method) and classification under light microscope were done for all the cases. It was found that the surface morphology of @entity1 cells differed from that of @entity2 . There were a lot of granular protrusions with a few pseudopodia processes on the surface of @entity2 . But on the surface of @entity1 , there were only more or less wrinkles and less granular protrusions. There were long pseudopodia processes on the surface of @entity0 cells of @entity2 , particularly on the follicular cleaved cell type. The follicular cleaved cell lymphoma had better prognosis with mean survival time of more than four years. There may be other factors responsible for the long survival time. As compared to the lymphoblastic and polymorphic types, the follicular cleaved cell lymphoma has less euchromatin, less mitosis, slower growth rate and higher cohesiveness between @entity0 cells. The better prognosis is also closely related to the morphology of the @entity0 cells. With the aid of long processes, the @entity0 cells are connected with each other to form follicular structure and the movement of @entity0 cells is restricted. Hence, infiltration and metastasis of the @entity0 are less pronounced than the lymphoblastic type and T polymorphic cell type.

title: [Scanning electron microscopic examination of 50 cases of @entity3 ( XXXX )].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Fifty cases of @entity3 were studied by scanning electron microscopy to study the possible differences in the surface morphology of @entity0 cells between T cell and B cell @entity3 . Acid @entity4 esterase (ANAE) activity test, the stain of antiserum samples of gamma, mu, alpha, kappa, lambda chains with the peroxidase antiperoxidase immune complex method (PAP method) and classification under light microscope were done for all the cases. It was found that the surface morphology of @entity1 cells differed from that of @entity2 . There were a lot of granular protrusions with a few pseudopodia processes on the surface of @entity2 . But on the surface of @entity1 , there were only more or less wrinkles and less granular protrusions. There were long pseudopodia processes on the surface of @entity0 cells of @entity2 , particularly on the follicular cleaved cell type. The follicular cleaved cell lymphoma had better prognosis with mean survival time of more than four years. There may be other factors responsible for the long survival time. As compared to the lymphoblastic and polymorphic types, the follicular cleaved cell lymphoma has less euchromatin, less mitosis, slower growth rate and higher cohesiveness between @entity0 cells. The better prognosis is also closely related to the morphology of the @entity0 cells. With the aid of long processes, the @entity0 cells are connected with each other to form follicular structure and the movement of @entity0 cells is restricted. Hence, infiltration and metastasis of the @entity0 are less pronounced than the lymphoblastic type and T polymorphic cell type.

title: [Scanning electron microscopic examination of 50 cases of XXXX ( @entity3 )].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of @entity2 0.2mg once daily in Korean @entity0 with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), who were treated for up to 1 year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 211 @entity0 from six urology outpatient centres who participated in this investigation, 146 @entity0 were evaluable. @entity2 0.2 mg/day was administered orally in a nonblind design for a 1-year period. The primary efficacy parameters were improvement in the total, obstructive and irritative International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), measured at baseline and at weeks 12, 24, 36 and 52, and in the maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax) measured at baseline and at weeks 24 and 52. The secondary efficacy parameters were a decrease of >/=30% in IPSS, and an increase in Qmax of >/=30% from baseline. Changes in parameters between baseline and 52 weeks were assessed using Student's paired t-test. RESULTS: Statistically significant, gradual improvements in all efficacy parameters were observed over the 1-year period. @entity2 0.2 mg/day resulted in a mean reduction of 41.1% in total IPSS (p < 0.001) and a mean increase of 4.56 mL/sec in Qmax at 52 weeks (p < 0.001). @entity2 was well tolerated; adverse events occurred in 6.2% of @entity0 and there were no withdrawals as a result of adverse events. There were no significant changes in blood pressure or pulse rate during the study. CONCLUSIONS: One-year treatment with @entity2 0.2 mg/day in Korean @entity0 with suspected @entity1 was well tolerated and effective in improving LUTS and urinary flow. The effect on symptoms was apparent after 12 weeks of treatment, and symptom improvement was observed for up to 1 year.

title: Efficacy of low-dose XXXX on lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of @entity1 : a nonblind multicentre korean study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of @entity2 0.2mg once daily in Korean @entity0 with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), who were treated for up to 1 year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 211 @entity0 from six urology outpatient centres who participated in this investigation, 146 @entity0 were evaluable. @entity2 0.2 mg/day was administered orally in a nonblind design for a 1-year period. The primary efficacy parameters were improvement in the total, obstructive and irritative International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), measured at baseline and at weeks 12, 24, 36 and 52, and in the maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax) measured at baseline and at weeks 24 and 52. The secondary efficacy parameters were a decrease of >/=30% in IPSS, and an increase in Qmax of >/=30% from baseline. Changes in parameters between baseline and 52 weeks were assessed using Student's paired t-test. RESULTS: Statistically significant, gradual improvements in all efficacy parameters were observed over the 1-year period. @entity2 0.2 mg/day resulted in a mean reduction of 41.1% in total IPSS (p < 0.001) and a mean increase of 4.56 mL/sec in Qmax at 52 weeks (p < 0.001). @entity2 was well tolerated; adverse events occurred in 6.2% of @entity0 and there were no withdrawals as a result of adverse events. There were no significant changes in blood pressure or pulse rate during the study. CONCLUSIONS: One-year treatment with @entity2 0.2 mg/day in Korean @entity0 with suspected @entity1 was well tolerated and effective in improving LUTS and urinary flow. The effect on symptoms was apparent after 12 weeks of treatment, and symptom improvement was observed for up to 1 year.

title: Efficacy of low-dose @entity2 on lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of XXXX : a nonblind multicentre korean study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is associated with @entity2 , most of which are corrected after positive airway pressure ( @entity3 ) treatment. Previous studies investigating the neural underpinnings of @entity1 failed to provide consistent results both on the cerebral substrates underlying @entity2 and on the effect of treatment on these anomalies. The aims of the study were a) to investigate whether never-treated OSA @entity0 demonstrated differences in brain activation compared to healthy controls during a cognitive task; and b) to investigate whether any improvements in cognitive functioning found in OSA @entity0 after treatment reflected a change in the underlying cerebral activity. DESIGN: OSA @entity0 and healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. They were compared on performance and brain activation during a 2-back working-memory task. @entity0 were also re-evaluated after 3 months treatment with @entity3 . Cognitive functions were evaluated using neurocognitive tests. Sleepiness (ESS), mood (Beck Depression Inventory) and, quality-of-life (SF-36) were also assessed. SETTING: The Sleep Disorders Center and CERMAC at the Vita-Salute San Raffaele University. @entity0 OR @entity0 : 17 OSA @entity0 and 15 age- and education-matched healthy controls. INTERVENTIONS: @entity3 treatment for 3 months. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Compared to controls, never-treated OSA @entity0 showed increased activations in the left frontal cortex, medial precuneus, and hippocampus, and decreased activations in the caudal pons. OSA @entity0 showed decreases in activation with treatment in the left inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex, and bilaterally in the hippocampus. Most neurocognitive domains, impaired at baseline, showed significant improvement after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: OSA @entity0 showed an overrecruitment of brain regions compared to controls, in the presence of the same level of performance on a working-memory task. Decreases of activation in prefrontal and hippocampal structures were observed after treatment in comparison to baseline. These findings may reflect a neural compensation mechanism in never-treated @entity0 , which is reduced by effective treatment.

title: Brain activation changes before and after @entity3 treatment in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is associated with @entity2 , most of which are corrected after positive airway pressure ( @entity3 ) treatment. Previous studies investigating the neural underpinnings of @entity1 failed to provide consistent results both on the cerebral substrates underlying @entity2 and on the effect of treatment on these anomalies. The aims of the study were a) to investigate whether never-treated OSA @entity0 demonstrated differences in brain activation compared to healthy controls during a cognitive task; and b) to investigate whether any improvements in cognitive functioning found in OSA @entity0 after treatment reflected a change in the underlying cerebral activity. DESIGN: OSA @entity0 and healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning. They were compared on performance and brain activation during a 2-back working-memory task. @entity0 were also re-evaluated after 3 months treatment with @entity3 . Cognitive functions were evaluated using neurocognitive tests. Sleepiness (ESS), mood (Beck Depression Inventory) and, quality-of-life (SF-36) were also assessed. SETTING: The Sleep Disorders Center and CERMAC at the Vita-Salute San Raffaele University. @entity0 OR @entity0 : 17 OSA @entity0 and 15 age- and education-matched healthy controls. INTERVENTIONS: @entity3 treatment for 3 months. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Compared to controls, never-treated OSA @entity0 showed increased activations in the left frontal cortex, medial precuneus, and hippocampus, and decreased activations in the caudal pons. OSA @entity0 showed decreases in activation with treatment in the left inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex, and bilaterally in the hippocampus. Most neurocognitive domains, impaired at baseline, showed significant improvement after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: OSA @entity0 showed an overrecruitment of brain regions compared to controls, in the presence of the same level of performance on a working-memory task. Decreases of activation in prefrontal and hippocampal structures were observed after treatment in comparison to baseline. These findings may reflect a neural compensation mechanism in never-treated @entity0 , which is reduced by effective treatment.

title: Brain activation changes before and after XXXX treatment in @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: The most common lung tissue samples seen by pathologists worldwide are obtained with the flexible bronchoscope. Specimens taken for examination of diffuse or multifocal @entity1 pose special challenges for the general surgical pathologist, and these challenges are often compounded by high clinical expectations for accurate and specific diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To present and discuss the most common histopathologic patterns and diagnostic entities seen in transbronchial biopsy specimens in the setting of diffuse or multifocal @entity1 . Specifically, @entity5 , @entity10 , @entity4 , chronic cellular infiltrates, @entity9 , @entity11 , @entity2 , Wegener @entity7 , intravenous drug abuse-related @entity3 , @entity6 , and @entity8 are presented. Clinical and radiologic context is provided for the more specific diagnostic entities. DATA SOURCES: The published literature and experience from a consultation practice. CONCLUSIONS: The transbronchial biopsy specimen can provide valuable information for clinical management in the setting of diffuse or multifocal @entity1 . Computed tomographic scans are useful for selecting appropriate @entity0 to undergo biopsy and in limiting the differential diagnosis. Knowledge of the clinical context, radiologic distribution of abnormalities, and histopathologic patterns is essential. With this information, the surgical pathologist can substantially influence the diagnostic workup and help guide the clinician to an accurate clinical/radiologic/pathologic diagnosis.

title: Transbronchial biopsy interpretation in the XXXX with diffuse parenchymal lung disease.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In this ultrastructural study we examined skeletal muscle fibres from @entity0 intraperitoneally inoculated with a sublethal dose of Crotalus vegrandis (rattlesnake) venom. The group of @entity0 inoculated presented neurological symptoms characterised by @entity5 and hind limbs @entity4 . Skeletal muscle fibres showed different degrees of alterations. Most of them presented the characteristic pattern of @entity1 in progress. Atrophied and hypercontracted fibres were frequently seen. Some atrophied and @entity1 fibres showed several nucleoli-like bodies in the nucleus. In the @entity7 and hypercontracted fibres, sarcoplasmic vacuolation and abnormal mitochondria with stacked cristae were observed. Areas of segmental @entity1 were also frequently found. In connection with these altered muscle fibres, @entity3 were detected. This study suggests that in envenomed @entity0 @entity5 may be related with @entity2 caused by @entity6 .

title: Ultrastructural pathology in skeletal muscle of XXXX envenomed with Crotalus vegrandis venom.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the drug compliance observed among @entity0 with @entity2 treated with once-daily, twice-daily and thrice-daily antibiotic regimens. METHODS: We performed a prospective study in the primary care setting including @entity0 with suspected @entity2 , not @entity1 to @entity3 antimicrobials, @entity5 or @entity4 , treated with several antibiotic regimens. @entity0 compliance was assessed by electronic monitoring. RESULTS: A total of 251 @entity0 were enrolled (136 in the thrice-daily group, 70 in the twice-daily group and 45 in the once-daily group). The mean container openings ranged from 94.3 +/- 12.6% with once-daily antibiotics to 74.8 +/- 17.7% with thrice-daily drugs (P < 0.001). Seventy-five @entity0 in the thrice-daily group took at least 80% of the medications (55.1%), being significantly less than those receiving twice-daily (71.4%) or once-daily (86.7%; P < 0.001) drugs. Only 20.6% of the @entity0 assigned to the thrice-daily regimens opened the container every 8 +/- 4 h during at least 80% of the course. Among the @entity0 assigned the same number of doses daily, compliance was better with the shortest antibiotic courses, being worse with schedules of 7 days or more. The percentage of @entity0 who opened the MEMS container the satisfactory number of times a day was lower among the thrice-daily regimens. Moreover, the thrice-daily group more frequently forgot the afternoon dose. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of compliance was very low, mainly when antibiotics were administered thrice daily and in regimens of 7 days or more. New strategies addressed to improve antibiotic drug compliance are, therefore, necessary.

title: The higher the number of daily doses of antibiotic treatment in XXXX the worse the compliance.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the frequency of @entity1 in products of conception from @entity0 with recurrent @entity2 in relation to the number of previous @entity2 . DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Nagoya City University Medical Hospital. @entity0 (S): A total of 1,309 @entity0 with a history of 2-20 consecutive first-trimester abortions. INTERVENTION(S): Chromosomal analysis performed on products of conception with use of a standard G-banding technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The frequencies of abnormal and normal embryonic karyotypes for each number of previous abortions were studied. The subsequent pregnancy outcome of @entity0 whose previous @entity2 were karyotyped were studied along with the predictive value of karyotyping of previous @entity2 for subsequent @entity2 . RESULT(S): The miscarriage rate increased with the number of previous @entity2 . The frequency of abnormal embryonic karyotypes significantly decreased and that of normal embryonic karyotypes significantly increased with the number of previous abortions. Among 71 @entity0 whose embryonic karyotypes were normal, 44 aborted subsequently, and 23 of 60 @entity0 whose embryonic karyotypes were abnormal aborted subsequently. @entity0 with a previous normal embryonic karyotype aborted more frequently than those with an abnormal karyotype. CONCLUSION(S): The frequency of normal embryonic karyotypes significantly increases with the number of previous abortions, and a normal karyotype in a previous pregnancy is a predictor of subsequent miscarriage.

title: Embryonic karyotype of abortuses in relation to the number of previous XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: This focused ethnographic study aims at describing encounters in the healthcare environment on a locked @entity1 ward. It was carried out in Sweden on an acute @entity1 ward for @entity0 with affective and @entity2 . Data were collected through @entity0 observations and informal interviews, and analysed by qualitative content analysis. The result shows that the healthcare environment on this locked @entity1 ward offered a space for encounters between @entity0 , in a continuum from professional care to private meetings and social events. It included joy and friendship as well as unintentional insights into other @entity0 ' suffering. The characteristics of the encounters formed three themes: the caring relationship, the uncaring relationship and the unrecognized relationship. The caring and the uncaring relationship concerned relationships between staff and @entity0 or their next of kin. These revealed contrasting qualities such as respect and flexibility as well as lack of respect and mistrust. The unrecognized relationship theme visualized the @entity0 ' relationships with each other and included both supportive and intrusive elements that were probably significant for the outcome of care. The unrecognized relationship contributes with new knowledge about conditions for @entity0 in inpatient care, and indicates that the @entity0 ' relationships with each other merit greater attention.

title: Encounters in a locked XXXX ward environment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Disturbances of neuronal @entity2 homeostasis are considered to be important determinants of age-related @entity1 . Cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain (BF) are principal targets of decline associated with aging and @entity3 . During the last several years, we have attempted to link these concepts in a @entity0 model of 'normal' aging. In this review, we will describe some changes that we have observed in @entity2 signaling of aged BF neurons and the reversal of one of these changes by dietary caloric restriction. Our evidence supports a scenario in which subtle changes in the properties of voltage-gated @entity2 channels result in increased @entity2 influx during aging. This increased @entity2 , in turn, triggers an increase in rapid @entity2 buffering in the somatic compartment of aged BF neurons. However, this nominal 'compensation', along with other changes in @entity2 handling machinery (notably mitochondria) alters the @entity2 signal with age in a way that is dependent on the magnitude of the @entity2 load. By combining whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology, ratiometric @entity2 -sensitive microfluorimetry and single-cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we have determined that age-related rapid buffering changes are present in identified cholinergic BF neurons and that these changes can be prevented by a caloric restriction dietary regimen. Because caloric restriction extends lifespan and retards the progression of age-related dysfunction, these findings suggest that increased @entity2 buffering in cholinergic neurons may be relevant to @entity1 during normal aging. Importantly, @entity4 homeostatic mechanisms of BF cholinergic neurons are amenable to dietary interventions that could promote cognitive health during aging.

title: XXXX buffering systems and @entity4 signaling in aged @entity0 basal forebrain neurons.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Disturbances of neuronal @entity2 homeostasis are considered to be important determinants of age-related @entity1 . Cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain (BF) are principal targets of decline associated with aging and @entity3 . During the last several years, we have attempted to link these concepts in a @entity0 model of 'normal' aging. In this review, we will describe some changes that we have observed in @entity2 signaling of aged BF neurons and the reversal of one of these changes by dietary caloric restriction. Our evidence supports a scenario in which subtle changes in the properties of voltage-gated @entity2 channels result in increased @entity2 influx during aging. This increased @entity2 , in turn, triggers an increase in rapid @entity2 buffering in the somatic compartment of aged BF neurons. However, this nominal 'compensation', along with other changes in @entity2 handling machinery (notably mitochondria) alters the @entity2 signal with age in a way that is dependent on the magnitude of the @entity2 load. By combining whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology, ratiometric @entity2 -sensitive microfluorimetry and single-cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we have determined that age-related rapid buffering changes are present in identified cholinergic BF neurons and that these changes can be prevented by a caloric restriction dietary regimen. Because caloric restriction extends lifespan and retards the progression of age-related dysfunction, these findings suggest that increased @entity2 buffering in cholinergic neurons may be relevant to @entity1 during normal aging. Importantly, @entity4 homeostatic mechanisms of BF cholinergic neurons are amenable to dietary interventions that could promote cognitive health during aging.

title: @entity4 buffering systems and XXXX signaling in aged @entity0 basal forebrain neurons.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Disturbances of neuronal @entity2 homeostasis are considered to be important determinants of age-related @entity1 . Cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain (BF) are principal targets of decline associated with aging and @entity3 . During the last several years, we have attempted to link these concepts in a @entity0 model of 'normal' aging. In this review, we will describe some changes that we have observed in @entity2 signaling of aged BF neurons and the reversal of one of these changes by dietary caloric restriction. Our evidence supports a scenario in which subtle changes in the properties of voltage-gated @entity2 channels result in increased @entity2 influx during aging. This increased @entity2 , in turn, triggers an increase in rapid @entity2 buffering in the somatic compartment of aged BF neurons. However, this nominal 'compensation', along with other changes in @entity2 handling machinery (notably mitochondria) alters the @entity2 signal with age in a way that is dependent on the magnitude of the @entity2 load. By combining whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology, ratiometric @entity2 -sensitive microfluorimetry and single-cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we have determined that age-related rapid buffering changes are present in identified cholinergic BF neurons and that these changes can be prevented by a caloric restriction dietary regimen. Because caloric restriction extends lifespan and retards the progression of age-related dysfunction, these findings suggest that increased @entity2 buffering in cholinergic neurons may be relevant to @entity1 during normal aging. Importantly, @entity4 homeostatic mechanisms of BF cholinergic neurons are amenable to dietary interventions that could promote cognitive health during aging.

title: @entity4 buffering systems and @entity4 signaling in aged XXXX basal forebrain neurons.

answer: @entity0


abstract: It has been suggested that @entity3 have declined during the last 2-3 decades in many populations. However, the present observations on marginal @entity2 among 326 Norwegian dental @entity0 aged 20-70 years, examined 35 years ago, were similar to comparable data published more recently. Consequently, they did not indicate any tendency towards change over time. Traditionally, the Periodontal Index (PI) has been the method of choice for assessing the prevalence and severity of @entity3 in epidemiological studies. It was assumed that this may have lead to an overestimation of the periodontal destruction, and that the postulated improvement of the condition partly may be ascribed to methods of analysis rather than reality. The observations seemed to indicate that susceptibility to @entity3 may not be as universal as was previously thought; the majority of the @entity0 could probably retain a considerable proportion of the supporting bone up in high age by routine prophylaxis and improved home care. On the other hand, @entity1 was a serious problem among a minority of "risk" individuals after the age of 40. This subgroup was estimated to make up about 10% of the population. Similar estimates also appeared in published studies on statistical samples from other populations. The individual resistance to periodontal destruction is probably very important for the marginal bone level. The constituent elements of the resistance concept do, however, need further elucidation.

title: [Marginal XXXX among adults: have the conditions changed since the 1950's?].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of @entity5 frequently presents a management challenge. Nonhealing wounds with poor response to conventional wound management therapy represent a significant cause of disability, affecting approximately 1% of the global population. Activated @entity4 is a @entity3 protease with anticoagulant, angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties that has shown efficacy in @entity0 for the treatment of severe @entity2 . We report 4 cases of nonhealing @entity5 that were treated with activated @entity4 . OBSERVATIONS: The study included 4 @entity0 whose wounds were not improving despite standard wound treatment for 4 months or more. Activated @entity4 was applied topically to their wounds once weekly for 4 weeks. All 4 @entity0 showed a rapid positive response to treatment that was maintained during a 4-month follow-up period. The treatment was well tolerated, with no remarkable adverse effects or complications. CONCLUSIONS: Activated @entity4 can stimulate wound healing in @entity0 with @entity5 that are refractory to conventional wound-healing therapies. The likely mechanism of action is its recognized ability to stimulate angiogenesis and reepithelialization and to inhibit @entity1 . Activated @entity4 has potential as a therapeutic option for @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: Treatment of chronic leg ulcers with topical activated XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite ongoing controversy, hyperbaric @entity1 (HBO) therapy is frequently administered in various clinical situations. Probably because of the unique atmospheric conditions to which the @entity0 is exposed, there are concerns about the safety aspects of this therapy. Possible complications during HBO therapy include @entity2 (middle ear, nasal sinuses, inner ear, lung, teeth), @entity1 @entity3 (central nervous system, lung), confinement @entity4 , and ocular effects ( @entity13 , @entity7 growth). METHODS: To analyze the medical safety of HBO therapy, this report reviewed complications and side effects of 782 @entity0 treated for various indications with a total of 11,376 HBO therapy sessions within a multiplace chamber. The absolute treatment pressure was 240 or 250 kPa 114 or 15 msw). The compression was performed in a linear manner with 14 to 15 kPa (1.4 to 1.5 msw) x @entity12 ). All data were gathered prospectively within a special database. RESULTS: More than 17% of all @entity0 experienced @entity5 or discomfort as an expression of problems in equalizing the middle ear pressure. Most episodes were not related to a persistent @entity9 since they only occurred once. @entity6 (ear microscopy) were verified in 3.8% of all @entity0 . @entity0 with sensory deficits involving the ear region need special attention, because they seem to be at risk for @entity8 of the tympanic membrane (three cases documented). A barotrauma of the nasal sinuses occurred rarely and no @entity2 of the inner ear, lung, or teeth were noted. @entity1 @entity3 of the CNS manifested by generalized @entity10 affected four @entity0 without any recognizable risk factors or prodromes. None of the @entity0 suffered recurrences or sequelae. Regular checks of the blood @entity11 in diabetics failed to reveal episodes of @entity14 as a cause for @entity10 . Lung function tests of @entity0 undergoing prolonged treatment (average 52.8 sessions) did not deteriorate. CONCLUSION: @entity0 scheduled for HBO therapy need a careful pre-examination and monitoring. If safety guidelines are strictly followed, HBO therapy is a modality with an acceptable rate of complications. The predominant complication is represented by pressure equalization problems within the middle ear. Serious complications rarely occur.

title: Complications and side effects of hyperbaric XXXX therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prevalence and incidence of diagnosed @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in adults between 1997 and 2006 in Tayside, Scotland, UK. DESIGN: Population-based incidence and prevalence study. @entity0 : All Tayside residents aged 20 years and over with an increased serum @entity2 level (> 2.55 mmol/l) between 1997 and 2006 were included as potential @entity0 . Using a unique @entity0 identifier, data-linkage enabled a data set of @entity1 @entity0 to be created from an algorithm of biochemistry records, nuclear scan records, histology records, hospital clinic letters and community based prescription records. @entity0 having @entity3 (14.0%) were also identified and were excluded. OUTCOME MEASURES: Age and sex adjusted incidence density and period prevalence were calculated for each year. RESULTS: We identified 2709 @entity0 (70.8% female) diagnosed with @entity1 by the end of 2006. The mean age of @entity0 (68 years SD = 14) was older than that of @entity0 (64 years SD = 15) at baseline. The prevalence of diagnosed @entity1 in Tayside increased from 1.82 per 1000 population in 1997 to 6.72 per 1000 population in 2006 (P < 0.001). Prevalence of @entity1 is higher in females, and the female preponderance increases with age; the annual prevalence ratio between @entity0 and @entity0 is stable at around 2.5 each year. There was a 3-4-year cyclical incidence rate varying from 4.13 to 11.30 per 10 000 @entity0 -years. CONCLUSION: We observed a general increase in the prevalence of diagnosed @entity1 in Tayside, Scotland. The incidence of diagnosis is greater in females than in males and increases with age. The annual incidence followed an apparent cyclic curve during the study period.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX in Tayside, Scotland, UK.

answer: @entity1


abstract: MR is generally known to be more sensitive but less specific than CT in the detection of @entity2 . In our opinion multiple echo sequences can markedly improve MR specificity in the diagnosis of @entity1 . We reviewed a series of 343 @entity1 studied with MR using multiple echo sequences and histologically verified. On the basis of the different signal patterns we divided @entity9 into 5 classes. Class 1: the signal intensity of the @entity1 increases progressively in T2 WI (100% of @entity7 , 21/21; 100% of epidermoid @entity1 , 12/12; 81% of @entity6 (grades I to III), 64/79; 65% of @entity5 , 30/46). Class 2: the signal intensity of the lesion decreases progressively in T2 WI: A) the @entity1 has higher signal intensity than the parenchyma in all echoes (100% of @entity12 , 14/14; 53% of @entity8 , 15/28); B) the @entity1 has the same signal intensity as the parenchyma in late echo acquisitions (100% of @entity1 , 12/12; 60% of @entity10 , 25/41). Class 3: the @entity1 has the same signal intensity as the parenchyma in all echoes (34% of @entity10 , 14/41). Class 4: @entity3 model: one or more cysts of high signal intensity in T2 WI and slightly hyperintense nodules and/or rings and hyperintense @entity0 (73% of @entity3 , 35/48; 72% of metastases, 18/25). Class 5: @entity13 model: mixed @entity11 pattern; cyst, @entity4 and @entity0 are very difficult to recognize within the lesion (95% of @entity13 , 18/19). The signal pattern was sometimes characteristic but never pathognomonic. Nevertheless, this classification proved to be an useful criterion to restrict the number of possible diagnoses. The study of T1 and T2 values seems to be less useful.

title: [Magnetic resonance in XXXX : a classification based on signal behavior in multiple echo sequences].

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review our experience with management of pancreaticobiliary and duodenal (PB/D) perforations after periampullary endoscopic interventions. Although @entity4 after periampullary endoscopic procedures are rare, their management has not been well described. @entity0 : Individuals who experienced @entity4 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comorbidities, interventions performed, mechanism/site of perforation, management, and hospital morbidity/mortality. RESULTS: Seventy-five perforations (0.6%) occurred in 12,427 procedures; 20 perforations (27%) occurred during biliary stricture dilatation, 18 (24%) during diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and 15 (20%) during management of @entity3 . Perforations were caused by guidewire insertion in 24 @entity0 (32%), sphincterotomy in 11 (15%), passage of the endoscope in 8 (11%), or stent migration in 7 (9%) and were identified during the index procedure in 45 @entity0 (60%). Delayed presentations included @entity1 in 33 @entity0 (44%), @entity2 in 26 (35%), and/or fever in 13 (17%) and were diagnosed using computed tomography in 19 @entity0 (25%) and abdominal radiography in 10 (13%); 9 cases (12%) were diagnosed more than 24 hours after the procedure. Indications for operative treatment were gaping duodenal perforations and perforations in @entity0 with surgically altered anatomy. Indications for nonoperative management included contained bile duct perforations and focal duodenal perforations. Management was nonoperative in 53 @entity0 (71%) and operative in 22 (29%). @entity0 with duodenal perforations, higher American Society of Anesthesia status (P<.01 each), and older age (mean +/- SEM, 65 +/- 4 vs 55 +/- 2 years; P = .02) were more likely to require operative management. Hospital stay (mean +/- SEM, 16 +/- 4 vs 4 +/- 1 days; P<.05) and mortality (13% vs 4%; P<.05) were greater in operative @entity0 (P<.05 each). CONCLUSIONS: Most (70%) @entity4 secondary to periampullary endoscopic interventions can be managed nonoperatively. Most biliary perforations can be managed nonoperatively; a requirement for operative treatment increases the mortality rate.

title: XXXX after periampullary endoscopic procedures: diagnosis and management.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the forms and extent of genomic instability in @entity2 and @entity1 and to determine if such measurements could explain the generally excellent prognosis of @entity2 compared with @entity3 . DESIGN: Tumor genome analyses. Genomic instability was measured by the following 4 methods, listed in ascending order based on the size of events detected: inter-simple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR), fractional allelic loss (FAL) analysis, array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), and spectral karyotyping (SKY). RESULTS: The genomic instability index of 32 @entity2 , 59 @entity3 , and 11 @entity4 was determined by ISSR-PCR; no difference was seen among the 3 groups by this method. Fractional allelic loss rates were comparable in @entity2 and @entity4 and lower than FAL rates in @entity1 . Indolent @entity5 were essentially diploid with no large-scale alterations in chromosome number or structure when evaluated by aCGH or SKY. In anaplastic @entity2 , aCGH revealed abundant chromosome alterations. @entity1 showed extensive copy number changes and chromosomal rearrangements when analyzed by aCGH and SKY. CONCLUSIONS: Genomic alterations in @entity5 , such as in benign @entity4 , are principally smaller events detected by ISSR-PCR. With the more aggressive @entity0 types (ie, anaplastic thyroid and @entity1 ), larger events detected by FAL analysis, aCGH, and SKY were revealed. We hypothesize that mutations caused by smaller genomic alterations enable thyroid cells to achieve a minimal malignant phenotype. Mutations for aggressive biological behavior appear with larger genomic events.

title: Comparative genomic instabilities of thyroid and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Small cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity3 rarely affect the duodenum, and optimal treatment has not been defined. The aim of this case series was to determine the clinical features and outcome of duodenal @entity6 in four @entity0 (three @entity0 , one @entity0 ; median age 52 yr) treated with @entity4 p.o. Initial manifestations were @entity2 (n = 4), @entity1 (n = 2), and an obstructive syndrome (n = 1). @entity6 was diagnosed on the basis of endoscopic biopsies. It was localized in the duodenum in three cases and involved the entire small bowel in one case. Tumor infiltration was limited to the duodenal wall in one case and was associated with locoregional lymphadenopathy in three cases. The @entity0 were graded EI (n = 1) and EII1 (n = 3), respectively, according to the Ann Arbor classification revised by Musshof. @entity4 , 100 mg daily, was administered p.o. for 18 months. Gastroscopy with biopsies, radiography of the small intestine and abdominal CT (CT) were performed every 6 months. Complete remission was defined by morphological and histological normalization, and partial remission as morphological normalization only. Follow-up lasted from 9 to 65 months. Three @entity0 were in complete remission at 18 months: two relapsed after 2 yr and one was still in complete remission at 65 months. The @entity0 with 9 months of follow-up was in complete remission at 6 months. The two @entity0 who relapsed did not complain of symptoms, and no morphological @entity5 were seen. Relapse was diagnosed on histological grounds. @entity4 monotherapy p.o. thus seems well adapted to this slowly progressive disease, but it is unclear whether it should be resumed in the case of histological relapse or only in the case of symptomatic relapse. (Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:536-539. (O 2000 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology)

title: @entity6 : treatment with oral XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Small cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity3 rarely affect the duodenum, and optimal treatment has not been defined. The aim of this case series was to determine the clinical features and outcome of duodenal @entity6 in four @entity0 (three @entity0 , one @entity0 ; median age 52 yr) treated with @entity4 p.o. Initial manifestations were @entity2 (n = 4), @entity1 (n = 2), and an obstructive syndrome (n = 1). @entity6 was diagnosed on the basis of endoscopic biopsies. It was localized in the duodenum in three cases and involved the entire small bowel in one case. Tumor infiltration was limited to the duodenal wall in one case and was associated with locoregional lymphadenopathy in three cases. The @entity0 were graded EI (n = 1) and EII1 (n = 3), respectively, according to the Ann Arbor classification revised by Musshof. @entity4 , 100 mg daily, was administered p.o. for 18 months. Gastroscopy with biopsies, radiography of the small intestine and abdominal CT (CT) were performed every 6 months. Complete remission was defined by morphological and histological normalization, and partial remission as morphological normalization only. Follow-up lasted from 9 to 65 months. Three @entity0 were in complete remission at 18 months: two relapsed after 2 yr and one was still in complete remission at 65 months. The @entity0 with 9 months of follow-up was in complete remission at 6 months. The two @entity0 who relapsed did not complain of symptoms, and no morphological @entity5 were seen. Relapse was diagnosed on histological grounds. @entity4 monotherapy p.o. thus seems well adapted to this slowly progressive disease, but it is unclear whether it should be resumed in the case of histological relapse or only in the case of symptomatic relapse. (Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:536-539. (O 2000 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology)

title: XXXX : treatment with oral @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if dendritic antigen-presenting cells (DC) are present in rheumatoid nodules, as has been reported in the @entity0 of @entity1 . METHODS: Nodules (n = 14) were examined with monoclonal antibodies (Mab) recognizing the DC differentiation/activation markers @entity4 , CMRF44, and @entity6 and an antibody recognizing the @entity2 antigen present on epithelial tissue associated DC. Results. Cells expressing CMRF44 were common in rheumatoid nodules, comprising 22% of nucleated cells versus 13% in synovial membranes (n = 10). Cells positive for @entity2 (5%) and @entity4 (2%) were less common. A majority (86%) of CMRF44 positive cells were also positive for the macrophage marker @entity3 . This left a significant minority of putative DC that were single stained with CMRF44. CONCLUSION: Cells bearing DC markers are as frequent in the @entity5 as in the @entity0 . A majority are "indeterminate" cells that are @entity3 positive but a proportion are single stained putative DC. The lack of lymphoid collections containing DC and T and B lymphocytes in the nodule suggests that local presentation of antigen may not occur in the @entity5 , as is thought to be the case in synovial membranes containing lymphoid follicles. This difference could potentially be explained by different states of activation, and differentiation of DC within the 2 lesions.

title: Cells expressing dendritic cell markers are present in the XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: RATIONALE: Current literature suggests that flour exposed workers continue to be at risk of allergic sensitization to flour dust and respiratory ill health. OBJECTIVES: A cross-sectional study of 225 workers currently potentially exposed to flour dust in British bakeries was performed to identify predictors of sensitization to @entity3 flour and enzymes. RESULTS: Work-related nasal @entity0 was the most commonly reported symptom (28.9%) followed by eye @entity0 (13.3%) and work-related cough or chest tightness (both 10.2%). Work-related chest tightness was significantly associated (OR 7.9, 1.3-46.0) with co-sensitization to @entity3 flour and any added enzyme. Working at a bakery with inadequate control measures was not a risk factor for reporting work-related respiratory symptoms (OR 1.3, 0.4-3.7). Fifty-one workers were @entity2 and 23 (14%) were sensitized to workplace allergens. Atopy was the strongest predictive factor (OR 18.4, 5.3-64.3) determining sensitization. Current versus never smoking (OR 4.7, 1.1-20.8) was a significant risk factor for sensitization to @entity3 flour or enzymes in @entity2 , corrected for current level and duration of exposure. This effect was not seen in non- @entity2 workers (OR 1.9, 0.2-17.9). Evidence of sensitization to less commonly encountered allergens was also seen to @entity4 derived cellulase, hemicellulase and xylanase mix, in addition to @entity1 oxidase and amyloglucosidase mix. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of health surveillance and exposure control in this population has been insufficient to prevent clinically significant workplace sensitization. Smoking may pose an additional risk factor for sensitization in @entity2 workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:133-140, 2009.

title: Sensitization to XXXX flour and enzymes and associated respiratory symptoms in British bakers.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive impact of chromosome 1p/19q deletions on the response and outcome of progressive @entity2 ( @entity2 ) treated with up-front @entity3 ( @entity4 ) chemotherapy. METHODS: Adult @entity0 with measurable, progressive @entity2 (WHO grade II) treated with @entity4 delivered at the conventional schedule (200 mg/m(2)/day for 5 consecutive days, repeated every 28 days) were retrospectively evaluated for response by central review of MRI-s. Chromosome 1p and 19q deletions were detected by the loss of the heterozygosity technique (LOH). RESULTS: A total of 149 consecutive @entity0 were included in this retrospective, single center observational study. The median number of @entity4 cycles delivered was 14 (range 2 to 30). Seventy-seven @entity0 (53%) experienced an objective response (including 22 [15%] cases of partial response and 55 [38%] cases of minor response), 55 (37%) @entity0 had stable disease, and 14 (10%) had a progressive disease. The median time to maximum @entity1 response was 12 months (range 3 to 30 months). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 28 months (95% CI: 23.4 to 32.6). Material for genotyping was available for 86 @entity0 . Combined 1p/19q LOH was present in 42% of the cases and was significantly associated with a higher rate (p = 0.02) and longer objective response to chemotherapy (p = 0.017), and both longer PFS (p = 4.10(-5)) and overall survival (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Low-grade @entity2 respond to @entity3 and loss of chromosome 1p/19q predicts both a durable chemosensitivity and a favorable outcome.

title: XXXX for @entity2 : predictive impact of 1p/19q loss on response and outcome.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive impact of chromosome 1p/19q deletions on the response and outcome of progressive @entity2 ( @entity2 ) treated with up-front @entity3 ( @entity4 ) chemotherapy. METHODS: Adult @entity0 with measurable, progressive @entity2 (WHO grade II) treated with @entity4 delivered at the conventional schedule (200 mg/m(2)/day for 5 consecutive days, repeated every 28 days) were retrospectively evaluated for response by central review of MRI-s. Chromosome 1p and 19q deletions were detected by the loss of the heterozygosity technique (LOH). RESULTS: A total of 149 consecutive @entity0 were included in this retrospective, single center observational study. The median number of @entity4 cycles delivered was 14 (range 2 to 30). Seventy-seven @entity0 (53%) experienced an objective response (including 22 [15%] cases of partial response and 55 [38%] cases of minor response), 55 (37%) @entity0 had stable disease, and 14 (10%) had a progressive disease. The median time to maximum @entity1 response was 12 months (range 3 to 30 months). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 28 months (95% CI: 23.4 to 32.6). Material for genotyping was available for 86 @entity0 . Combined 1p/19q LOH was present in 42% of the cases and was significantly associated with a higher rate (p = 0.02) and longer objective response to chemotherapy (p = 0.017), and both longer PFS (p = 4.10(-5)) and overall survival (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Low-grade @entity2 respond to @entity3 and loss of chromosome 1p/19q predicts both a durable chemosensitivity and a favorable outcome.

title: @entity3 for XXXX : predictive impact of 1p/19q loss on response and outcome.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In 60 to 90% of @entity0 with @entity6 , successful recanalization with prevention of @entity8 and decreased risk of @entity7 can be achieved through early diagnosis and aggressive treatment, thrombolysis or surgical correction. In our experience, if treatment is delayed more than four days after onset, the results are unfavorable; in the latter case, provided @entity1 is not present, we treat only with anticoagulation. The indication for surgery is considered established if thrombolytic treatment is contraindicated, in the presence of @entity1 , if thrombolysis is unsuccessful and for recurrent @entity7 which is carried out mostly with a caval filter. Anticoagulation alone in most @entity0 will not lead to successful results. Sixty percent of @entity6 arise ascending from lower leg @entity5 . Further points of predilection are the junctions of the popliteal vein, the veins in the inguinal region and the caval bifurcation. In principle, any @entity4 @entity3 should suggest the possibility of beginning lower leg @entity5 . With regard to the history, it is important to know if the event is the first of its kind or recurrent (Table 1). Additionally, @entity6 may be suspected in the presence of local @entity2 , in @entity0 on contraceptives, in @entity0 with hemoblastoses, after surgery in the lower pelvic or leg region and, in particular in @entity0 , in the presence of pelvic venous impediment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Diagnostic viewpoints in XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Angiocardiography is a standard procedure for quantification and evaluation of @entity2 . Knowledge of the diameters at the level of @entity4 , ascending and descending aorta can contribute to the decision in repair of @entity2 . Moreover, they are helpful for postoperative follow-up studies. In order to establish normal standards, analysis was performed on 51 cineangiograms obtained from @entity0 , @entity0 and adolescents with no evidence of @entity2 (n = 16) or only hemodynamically irrelevant @entity1 (n = 35). The individual diagnoses in these @entity0 appear in the accompanying publication in this issue. @entity0 with @entity5 or @entity6 were excluded from measurements of the @entity4 , the sinus and the ascending aorta. Angiocardiography was performed in a fasting state, after sedation and in the supine position with injections of contrast material in the pulmonary artery and or in the left ventricle and ascending aorta. For purposes of calibration, a grid or the known diameter of the catheter was used. Systolic and diastolic diameters of the @entity4 ( @entity4 ), sinus ( @entity7 ) and distal region, between sinus valsalvae and ascending aorta (AO-D), as well as those of the isthmus (DAO-I), postisthmic region (DAO-PI) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were measured. To obtain a mean value for each vascular structure, the corresponding systolic and diastolic diameters were averaged. The mean diameter was referenced to body length and body surface area (BSA).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Normal values of the growth of the aorta in XXXX . An angiography study].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and Radix Paeoniae @entity2 Powder ( @entity5 ) is a popular Chinese herbal prescription. The combination of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and Radix Paeoniae @entity2 has been used to treat @entity1 for hundreds of years. To our interest, this combination shows a bilateral effect on gastrointestinal peristalsis. Our present study was focused on the bilateral role of this combination on the gastrointestinal tract. The effective constituents and mechanisms were explored. Six monomer constituents from Radix Paeoniae @entity2 and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus were screened by intestinal transit assay. The bilateral roles of three effective constituents were authenticated by gastric emptying assay, and the combination of three constituents showed a bilateral effect. Then, the mediating receptors and the role of NO and @entity3 were examined to determine the mechanism involved. The overall results suggest that the major effective constituents of this combination are @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity4 . @entity6 inhibits the @entity1 , while @entity7 stimulates it. @entity4 shows different effects on intestinal and gastric activity. The effect of @entity6 relies on the alpha-adrenergic receptor, and the effect of @entity7 is mediated via the H1 @entity0 receptor. The regulation of @entity7 and @entity6 on NF- kappaB @entity3 translocation and NO production through the alpha-receptor and the H1 receptor, respectively, is involved in the bilateral effect of the Fructus Aurantii Immaturus-Radix Paeoniae @entity2 combination.

title: Effect of constituents from Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and Radix Paeoniae @entity2 on XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and Radix Paeoniae @entity2 Powder ( @entity5 ) is a popular Chinese herbal prescription. The combination of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and Radix Paeoniae @entity2 has been used to treat @entity1 for hundreds of years. To our interest, this combination shows a bilateral effect on gastrointestinal peristalsis. Our present study was focused on the bilateral role of this combination on the gastrointestinal tract. The effective constituents and mechanisms were explored. Six monomer constituents from Radix Paeoniae @entity2 and Fructus Aurantii Immaturus were screened by intestinal transit assay. The bilateral roles of three effective constituents were authenticated by gastric emptying assay, and the combination of three constituents showed a bilateral effect. Then, the mediating receptors and the role of NO and @entity3 were examined to determine the mechanism involved. The overall results suggest that the major effective constituents of this combination are @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity4 . @entity6 inhibits the @entity1 , while @entity7 stimulates it. @entity4 shows different effects on intestinal and gastric activity. The effect of @entity6 relies on the alpha-adrenergic receptor, and the effect of @entity7 is mediated via the H1 @entity0 receptor. The regulation of @entity7 and @entity6 on NF- kappaB @entity3 translocation and NO production through the alpha-receptor and the H1 receptor, respectively, is involved in the bilateral effect of the Fructus Aurantii Immaturus-Radix Paeoniae @entity2 combination.

title: Effect of constituents from Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and Radix Paeoniae XXXX on @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Carotenoids have a dietary origin in birds, but mechanisms by which they are absorbed in the gut, transported in the blood, metabolized at various sites, and deposited in the integument remain poorly understood. Variation in both plasma carotenoid levels and external color may reflect different access to dietary carotenoids or individual physiological differences in the uptake and deposition of carotenoids. We compared total plasma carotenoid concentration in nestling @entity3 ( @entity3 ) from 11 Spanish colonies in two consecutive years. The main food item in one of the colonies was the @entity1 ( @entity1 ), a recently introduced species. Storks in the remaining colonies ate a variety of foods but no crayfish. Total plasma carotenoid levels in the colony where crayfish were consumed were about five times higher than in any other colony. These differences were maintained after controlling for the significant interyear variability, as well as for sex, age, and body mass of birds. Skin pigmentation also differed, being intensely orange in storks that consumed crayfish but white (unpigmented) in the remaining individuals. With thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and electronic absorption spectroscopy, @entity2 was confirmed as the major carotenoid in crayfish as well as in the plasma, skin, and body fat of crayfish-eating storks, whereas @entity0 was the main carotenoid in plasma samples from the other colonies. These results indicate that a newly available carotenoid in the environment, @entity2 , can be absorbed in large quantities from the gut and be transported in the blood before deposition in different tissues.

title: Diet explains interpopulation variation of plasma carotenoids and skin pigmentation in nestling XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To determine predictors of frequent @entity3 unit (CPU) users and to identify characteristics and outcomes of their CPU visits. @entity0 AND METHODS: Observational prospective case-control study. Frequent CPU user was defined by 3 or more CPU visits within the study year. A control @entity0 and a control visit were randomly selected for each case @entity0 and case visit. Demographic, clinical, and outcome variables were collected from medical record and phone interview performed in a 30-day interval. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify frequent CPU users' predictors. RESULTS: Of 1934 @entity0 presenting during the year, 80 (4.1%) met the definition for case @entity0 . They accounted for 352 (13%) of 2709 CPU visits. Sixty-seven (83.7%) case @entity0 and 71 (88.7%) control @entity0 were contacted. The final predictors were the following: Karnofsky Performance Scale of 70 or lesser (odds ratio [OR], 5.24 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.71-16.06]), previous hospitalization (OR, 3.76 [95% CI, 1.49-9.49]), previously known @entity2 (OR, 3.72 [95% CI, 1.32-10.52]), and symptoms of @entity1 (OR, 2.98 [95% CI, 1.14-7.78]). Case visits were more likely at night (OR, 2.41 [95% CI, 1.64- 3.52]), generated more diagnostic uncertainty (OR, 2.39 [95% CI, 1.71-3.35]), but did not increase the need of hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS: Frequent CPU user is associated with previously known @entity2 , previous hospitalization, impaired performance status, and presence of symptoms of @entity1 . They are more likely to arrive on CPU at night and generate more diagnostic uncertainty.

title: Predictors and outcomes of frequent XXXX unit users.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The recognition and treatment of @entity3 is a challenging area of clinical practice, especially in primary care where there are many @entity0 with various presentations and a multitude of causes for distress. The prevalence of @entity3 is increasing, and it is predicted to become second only to @entity2 as a cause of morbidity worldwide. Fortunately, the research evidence on effective approaches is increasing. This article looks at how we can best identify, treat and understand the perspectives of @entity0 with @entity3 who are seen in primary care. Simple questionnaires can provide effective screening in generalist settings, particularly when targeting high-risk groups such as those with @entity1 or recurrent unexplained symptoms. Guidelines now exist for use of antidepressants and cognitive behavioural therapy for mild to moderate @entity3 , although the latter needs effective policy implementation in clinical practice to maximise its impact for @entity0 . However, there is also consistent evidence from service users that @entity0 with @entity3 want individualised care which takes into account their preferences and concerns, even if this entails departure from guidelines. Adherence to treatment is low in many studies, and remodelling of services can easily lead to gaps in consistent approaches to personal care. The research challenges for the future include clarification of which @entity0 groups merit proactive screening, how to enhance adherence, and the relative merits and outcomes of pharmacological versus behavioural therapies. Changes in policy and service configuration can improve or destabilise effective care, but high-quality and flexible intervention with @entity0 with mild to moderate @entity3 is likely to be cost-effective in view of the high prevalence and disease burden of this distressing problem.

title: XXXX in primary care: three key challenges.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Changes in mRNA levels of @entity4 receptor (NR) subunits were studied in a @entity1 model of withdrawal from forced @entity5 ingestion over a period of 8 days. In part, this model may reflect the epsilon-type of @entity0 @entity3 according to Jellinek (College University Press, New Haven; 1972). The epsilon-type is characterized by dipsomania over a period of several days, recurring every few months and often followed by @entity5 -induced @entity2 . @entity2 may be modulated by an increased glutamatergic neurotransmission to excitatory or inhibitory neurons on the basis of a changed gene expression of NR subunits. This hypothesis promoted the present study. Film autoradiograms and emulsion-coated brain sections following labeling of cholinergic and GABAergic neuron populations were evaluated. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) expression, studied with a probe recognizing all @entity7 transcripts, was unchanged after withdrawal from chronic @entity5 treatment compared to control animals. Using probes specific for different splice segments of @entity7 , however, we found that, in @entity5 -treated @entity1 , the expression of @entity7 -2 was decreased in all, and that of @entity7 -4 in all but one, areas investigated (only single label experiments were performed with @entity7 splice variants). Withdrawing @entity1 revealed a higher expression of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) mRNA in GABAergic neurons. No changes could be observed at the regional level. Conversely, @entity6 mRNA was not substantially altered in cholinergic and GABAergic neurons, but showed a decrease over brain areas. For both, @entity10 and @entity8 , no @entity5 -related changes of mRNA expression were observed. A link between such differential alterations in NR mRNA subunit expression and @entity5 -induced @entity2 in withdrawing alcoholics of the epsilon-type seems possible.

title: Changes in NMDA receptor subunit gene expression in the @entity1 brain following withdrawal from forced long-term XXXX intake.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Changes in mRNA levels of @entity4 receptor (NR) subunits were studied in a @entity1 model of withdrawal from forced @entity5 ingestion over a period of 8 days. In part, this model may reflect the epsilon-type of @entity0 @entity3 according to Jellinek (College University Press, New Haven; 1972). The epsilon-type is characterized by dipsomania over a period of several days, recurring every few months and often followed by @entity5 -induced @entity2 . @entity2 may be modulated by an increased glutamatergic neurotransmission to excitatory or inhibitory neurons on the basis of a changed gene expression of NR subunits. This hypothesis promoted the present study. Film autoradiograms and emulsion-coated brain sections following labeling of cholinergic and GABAergic neuron populations were evaluated. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) expression, studied with a probe recognizing all @entity7 transcripts, was unchanged after withdrawal from chronic @entity5 treatment compared to control animals. Using probes specific for different splice segments of @entity7 , however, we found that, in @entity5 -treated @entity1 , the expression of @entity7 -2 was decreased in all, and that of @entity7 -4 in all but one, areas investigated (only single label experiments were performed with @entity7 splice variants). Withdrawing @entity1 revealed a higher expression of @entity9 ( @entity9 ) mRNA in GABAergic neurons. No changes could be observed at the regional level. Conversely, @entity6 mRNA was not substantially altered in cholinergic and GABAergic neurons, but showed a decrease over brain areas. For both, @entity10 and @entity8 , no @entity5 -related changes of mRNA expression were observed. A link between such differential alterations in NR mRNA subunit expression and @entity5 -induced @entity2 in withdrawing alcoholics of the epsilon-type seems possible.

title: Changes in NMDA receptor subunit gene expression in the XXXX brain following withdrawal from forced long-term @entity5 intake.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic significance of several factors in @entity4 treated with radiotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Erasto Gaertner Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil, and A. C. Camargo Hospital, S  o Paulo, Brazil. @entity0 : A total of 361 @entity0 treated for @entity4 from January 1, 1990, to December 31, 2001. INTERVENTIONS: Radiotherapy alone or with chemotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disease-free survival, overall survival, and treatment response. RESULTS: Most @entity1 were located at the tonsil (46.8%) or base of the tongue (28.0%) and were at clinical stage III or IV (92.8%). Treatment response was associated with Zubrod scale score, @entity3 , number of comorbidities, symptom-severity and Piccirillo stages, hemoglobin level, @entity1 site, macroscopic appearance of the @entity1 , and clinical stage. The 5-year overall survival rate was 17.6% and disease-free survival rate was 16.2%. The significant prognostic variables were age; Zubrod scale score; @entity3 ; comorbidities; Berg, Piccirillo, and symptom-severity staging; involvement of adjacent soft-tissue areas and bone; lymph node mobility; clinical stage; and radiotherapy doses. The multivariate analysis showed Zubrod scale score, symptom-severity staging system, Berg staging system, comorbidities, and radiotherapy dose as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: A combination of clinical factors, such as symptoms, @entity0 ' general status, @entity3 , and comorbidities, leads to a relevant stage of clinical severity that can be associated with the @entity5 stage as predictors of survival in @entity2 .

title: Analysis of prognostic factors in @entity0 with XXXX treated with radiotherapy alone or in combination with systemic chemotherapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the prognostic significance of several factors in @entity4 treated with radiotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Erasto Gaertner Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil, and A. C. Camargo Hospital, S  o Paulo, Brazil. @entity0 : A total of 361 @entity0 treated for @entity4 from January 1, 1990, to December 31, 2001. INTERVENTIONS: Radiotherapy alone or with chemotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disease-free survival, overall survival, and treatment response. RESULTS: Most @entity1 were located at the tonsil (46.8%) or base of the tongue (28.0%) and were at clinical stage III or IV (92.8%). Treatment response was associated with Zubrod scale score, @entity3 , number of comorbidities, symptom-severity and Piccirillo stages, hemoglobin level, @entity1 site, macroscopic appearance of the @entity1 , and clinical stage. The 5-year overall survival rate was 17.6% and disease-free survival rate was 16.2%. The significant prognostic variables were age; Zubrod scale score; @entity3 ; comorbidities; Berg, Piccirillo, and symptom-severity staging; involvement of adjacent soft-tissue areas and bone; lymph node mobility; clinical stage; and radiotherapy doses. The multivariate analysis showed Zubrod scale score, symptom-severity staging system, Berg staging system, comorbidities, and radiotherapy dose as independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: A combination of clinical factors, such as symptoms, @entity0 ' general status, @entity3 , and comorbidities, leads to a relevant stage of clinical severity that can be associated with the @entity5 stage as predictors of survival in @entity2 .

title: Analysis of prognostic factors in XXXX with @entity4 treated with radiotherapy alone or in combination with systemic chemotherapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: There have been a few reports available for determining surgical indications in @entity4 based on volume of @entity3 on computerized tomography (CT). The authors then studied the clinical results of @entity4 , and the surgical indication based on clinical findings and volume of @entity3 on CT scan was considered. Forty-five @entity0 with @entity4 diagnosed by CT scan who were hospitalized to Matsue Red Cross Hospital from January 1980 up to December 1986 were studied. The 25 male and 20 female @entity0 ranged in age from 52 to 85 years, and 16 of them were operated on. The results were as follows: 1) The Kanaya's neurological grading tended to be high in the @entity0 with @entity1 or a large volume of @entity3 (greater than or equal to 30 ml). 2) In @entity0 with grade I or II and a moderate volume of @entity3 (15-30 ml), the @entity0 complicated with @entity2 should be treated with ventricular drainage. The @entity0 with grade III and IVa should be treated with surgical therapy (suboccipital craniectomy and evacuation of the @entity3 ). The @entity0 with @entity1 should be treated with surgical therapy. The @entity0 with a large volume of @entity3 (greater than or equal to 30 ml) should be treated with surgical therapy. The @entity0 with grade IVb and V should not be treated actively because the prognosis is bad.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Clinical study of @entity4 : surgical indication and measurement of volume of XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: There have been a few reports available for determining surgical indications in @entity4 based on volume of @entity3 on computerized tomography (CT). The authors then studied the clinical results of @entity4 , and the surgical indication based on clinical findings and volume of @entity3 on CT scan was considered. Forty-five @entity0 with @entity4 diagnosed by CT scan who were hospitalized to Matsue Red Cross Hospital from January 1980 up to December 1986 were studied. The 25 male and 20 female @entity0 ranged in age from 52 to 85 years, and 16 of them were operated on. The results were as follows: 1) The Kanaya's neurological grading tended to be high in the @entity0 with @entity1 or a large volume of @entity3 (greater than or equal to 30 ml). 2) In @entity0 with grade I or II and a moderate volume of @entity3 (15-30 ml), the @entity0 complicated with @entity2 should be treated with ventricular drainage. The @entity0 with grade III and IVa should be treated with surgical therapy (suboccipital craniectomy and evacuation of the @entity3 ). The @entity0 with @entity1 should be treated with surgical therapy. The @entity0 with a large volume of @entity3 (greater than or equal to 30 ml) should be treated with surgical therapy. The @entity0 with grade IVb and V should not be treated actively because the prognosis is bad.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Clinical study of XXXX : surgical indication and measurement of volume of @entity3 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Algorithm development for the automatic finite element modeling of @entity0 vertebra. OBJECTIVE: To present a technique for automatic generation of @entity0 specific @entity2 ( @entity2 ) models for intraosseous @entity1 cement flow simulation. The secondary objective is to demonstrate the possibility of using resultant @entity1 cement distribution for post- @entity3 stress-strain analyses. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There are no noninvasive methods for the visualization of @entity1 cement flow. In addition, optimum volume and distribution of @entity1 cement are still not known. Computational models that allow @entity0 specific intraosseous @entity1 cement flow visualization as well as postvertebroplasty mechanical evaluation would be advantageous. METHODS: We developed an algorithm coded into a custom platform that inputs @entity0 CT datasets. Hounsfield unit values were used to assign permeability values as well as modulus to the finite element model before analyses. Several user inputs are required, and these reflect the decisions made by physicians that practice vertebroplasty. As a case study, we isolated a single L1 vertebra from @entity0 CT dataset and used our platform for model generation. Simulated vertebroplasty was performed for different @entity1 cement volumes and at different placements to study the effects of varying distribution. RESULTS: Increased needle injection pressure was observed as the volume of @entity1 increases and as the distribution of @entity1 is in close proximity to the cortical walls. @entity4 also increases with increased volume of @entity1 administered. Varying distributions, for the same volume, of @entity1 cement did not alter stiffness drastically. CONCLUSION: Our custom platform and technique for modeling vertebral bodies may contribute significantly to the science of vertebroplasty. Intraosseous @entity1 cement flow can be visualized before vertebroplasty, and needle position altered for optimization. Also, parametric computational studies on the postvertebroplasty biomechanical effects of vertebroplasty are now enhanced with such a modeling capability.

title: Preliminary study on biomechanics of vertebroplasty: a XXXX and solid mechanics combined approach.

answer: @entity2


abstract: This report elucidates our experiences on @entity3 surgery, in which auditory function was lost postoperatively, although conservation of hearing had been intended preoperatively. Five ears from four @entity0 (two ears: unilateral, three ears from bilateral @entity3 ) were operated on via standard retromastoid route, with monitoring of auditory evoked potentials. Abolition of @entity4 occurred when surgical manipulations were performed within the internal auditory canal. Pulling @entity1 tissue away from the cochlea toward the brain stem has proved to be a hazardous procedure. Recognizing the condition of @entity1 tissue within the internal auditory canal is prerequisite for hearing preservation. For this purpose, MRI is very useful because @entity1 tissue within the internal auditory canal can be clearly visualized. The preoperative criteria in selecting candidates for hearing preservation operations should be more strict because most @entity3 with a diameter of more than 10mm cannot be resected without causing loss of hearing, and, even in such small @entity1 , the cochlear nerves are infiltrated by @entity1 cells. Most @entity4 changes during operations seem to be explicable from avulsion of the cochlear nerve fibers and/or the internal auditory artery from the fundus of the internal auditory canal-the tractus spiralis foraminosus. Postoperative recordings of @entity4 indicated that progression of degeneration of the cochlear nerve fibers occurred after surgery. This phenomenon may explain postoperative delayed @entity2 observed clinically.

title: [Failure to preserve hearing in XXXX surgery: experiences after introduction of MRI].

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional population-based study. OBJECTIVE: To study sex differences in consequences of @entity3 ( @entity3 ): limited functioning, work leave or disability, and healthcare use. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity3 is a major public health problem in developed countries due to high prevalence rates and considerable consequences. There are indications that consequences of @entity3 differ for @entity0 and @entity0 . METHODS: Data of a Dutch population-based study were used, limited to @entity0 25 to 64 years of age (n = 2517). Data were collected by a postal questionnaire. RESULTS: @entity0 with any @entity3 report more healthcare use for @entity3 , i.e., contact with a medical caregiver and use of medicines than @entity0 , while @entity0 report more @entity2 (ever in life) due to low back @entity1 only, irrespective of work status. None of the sex differences can be explained by age, household composition, educational level, smoking status, overweight, physical activity, and @entity1 catastrophizing. Older age was related to more limited functioning due to @entity3 ( @entity0 ), @entity2 due to @entity3 ( @entity0 ), and healthcare use due to @entity3 ( @entity0 and @entity0 ). A one- @entity0 household was associated with @entity2 ( @entity0 ) and use of medicines ( @entity0 ). Low educational level was associated with limited functioning ( @entity0 ), work leave ( @entity0 ), contact with a medical caregiver ( @entity0 ), and @entity2 ( @entity0 and @entity0 ). Smoking was associated with limited functioning ( @entity0 ), work leave ( @entity0 ), and healthcare use ( @entity0 ). Physical inactivity was associated with limited functioning due to @entity3 in @entity0 . @entity1 catastrophizing was associated with limited functioning, work leave, and healthcare use ( @entity0 and @entity0 ) and @entity2 ( @entity0 ). CONCLUSIONS: Consequences of @entity3 show a slightly different pattern for @entity0 and @entity0 . @entity0 with any MPreport more healthcare use for @entity3 , while @entity0 report more @entity2 due to low back @entity1 only. These sex differences can not be explained by general risk factors, but associations between these factors and consequences of @entity3 show some sex differences.

title: Sex differences in consequences of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Among various cases of @entity9 in the newborn caused by @entity2 , posterior fossa subdural @entity10 is of serious nature in many cases and often results in @entity4 after critical clinical course due to compression of the respiratory center of the medulla oblongata. We have recently experienced two cases of subdural @entity10 in the posterior fossa caused by @entity2 , which we successfully treated non-surgically. Herein, we report these two cases and present a sequential CT scan of each. The first case is a full-term (39 weeks gestation) male @entity0 . Delivery was carried out spontaneously with double footling presentation. At 20 hours of age, @entity8 and @entity6 occurred. CT scan was performed and revealed high density areas in the posterior fossa, quadrigeminal cistern and longitudinal cerebral fissure. Bloody CSF was discharged per lumbar puncture and @entity7 was infused intravenously, but the ventricle became enlarged. At this point at 9 days of age, the @entity0 was admitted to our hospital. While he showed poor activity on admission, @entity10 was absorbed gradually and disappeared at 3 months of age by conservative treatment. Now, at 6 years and 6 months of age, the @entity0 has no @entity1 . The second case is a full-term (40 weeks gestation) twin female @entity0 . Due to breech presentation, delivery was conducted per breech extraction. At three days of age, @entity5 , fontanel bulging and @entity11 were observed. CT scan revealed @entity10 similar to that seen in the first case, and @entity3 and @entity7 were infused intravenously. Conservative treatment was performed in this case also, and changes shown by CT scan were almost the same as those seen in the first case. The @entity0 has no @entity1 at 5 years and 7 months of age. Since the introduction of CT scan, early diagnosis of a subdural @entity10 in the posterior fossa has been possible. But reports of successful surgical treatment are not so frequent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Posterior fossa subdural @entity10 in the newborn caused by XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Among various cases of @entity9 in the newborn caused by @entity2 , posterior fossa subdural @entity10 is of serious nature in many cases and often results in @entity4 after critical clinical course due to compression of the respiratory center of the medulla oblongata. We have recently experienced two cases of subdural @entity10 in the posterior fossa caused by @entity2 , which we successfully treated non-surgically. Herein, we report these two cases and present a sequential CT scan of each. The first case is a full-term (39 weeks gestation) male @entity0 . Delivery was carried out spontaneously with double footling presentation. At 20 hours of age, @entity8 and @entity6 occurred. CT scan was performed and revealed high density areas in the posterior fossa, quadrigeminal cistern and longitudinal cerebral fissure. Bloody CSF was discharged per lumbar puncture and @entity7 was infused intravenously, but the ventricle became enlarged. At this point at 9 days of age, the @entity0 was admitted to our hospital. While he showed poor activity on admission, @entity10 was absorbed gradually and disappeared at 3 months of age by conservative treatment. Now, at 6 years and 6 months of age, the @entity0 has no @entity1 . The second case is a full-term (40 weeks gestation) twin female @entity0 . Due to breech presentation, delivery was conducted per breech extraction. At three days of age, @entity5 , fontanel bulging and @entity11 were observed. CT scan revealed @entity10 similar to that seen in the first case, and @entity3 and @entity7 were infused intravenously. Conservative treatment was performed in this case also, and changes shown by CT scan were almost the same as those seen in the first case. The @entity0 has no @entity1 at 5 years and 7 months of age. Since the introduction of CT scan, early diagnosis of a subdural @entity10 in the posterior fossa has been possible. But reports of successful surgical treatment are not so frequent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Posterior fossa subdural XXXX in the newborn caused by @entity2 ].

answer: @entity10


abstract: Multipotential mesenchymal stem cells capable of chondro-osseous induction contribute to the endochondral callus of @entity0 . Microvascular pericytes serving the role of multipotential mesenchymal stem cells are considered osteoprogenitors because they express type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity, osteocalcin immunoreactivity, and bone sialoprotein mRNA. Previous electron microscopic studies indicate that this cell type has a contribution to the @entity0 . Limited data suggest that pericytes may also assume a chondrogenic phenotype. We undertook in vitro studies to understand how the chondro-osseous phenotype of the pericyte might be regulated. Using Northern analysis and semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we found that cultured pericytes produce aggrecan and type II collagen mRNA indicating their chondrogenic potential. Aggrecan message is elevated by @entity1 as analyzed by both Northern hybridization and RT-PCR. This finding suggests a regulatory role for this morphogen on this phenotype in pericytes. RT-PCR amplified versican product was also associated with pericyte cultures but was not affected by @entity1 . Our data strongly support a chondrogenic role for the pericyte and that the phenotype is regulated at least in part by @entity2 .

title: Microvascular pericytes express aggrecan message which is regulated by XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: To distinguish prolonged episodes of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) that require cardioversion from self-terminating episodes that do not, an @entity4 ( @entity2 ) must be able to detect @entity4 continuously for extended periods. The @entity2 should discriminate between @entity1 ( @entity1 ), which may be terminated by antitachycardia pacing, and @entity4 , which requires cardioversion. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 80 @entity0 with @entity1 / @entity4 and @entity3 who were treated with a new @entity5 . During a follow-up period lasting 6+/-2 months, we validated spontaneous, device-defined @entity1 / @entity4 episodes by stored electrograms in all @entity0 . In 58 @entity0 , we performed 80 Holter recordings with telemetered atrial electrograms, both to validate the continuous detection of @entity1 / @entity4 and to determine the sensitivity of the detection of @entity1 / @entity4 . Detection was appropriate in 98% of 132 @entity4 episodes and 88% of 190 @entity1 episodes (98% of 128 @entity1 episodes with an atrial cycle length <300 ms). Intermittent sensing of far-field R waves during @entity6 caused 27 inappropriate @entity1 / @entity4 detections; these detections lasted 2.6+/-2.0 minutes. @entity1 / @entity4 was detected continuously in 27 of 28 @entity0 who had spontaneous episodes of @entity1 / @entity4 (96%). The device memory recorded 90 appropriate @entity1 / @entity4 episodes lasting >1 hour, for a total of 2697 hours of continuous detection of @entity1 / @entity4 . During Holter monitoring, the sensitivity of the detection of @entity1 / @entity4 (116 hours) was 100%; the specificity of the detection of non- @entity1 / @entity4 rhythms (1290 hours) was 99.99%. Of 166 appropriate episodes detected as @entity1 , 45% were terminated by antitachycardia pacing. CONCLUSIONS: A new @entity2 detects @entity1 / @entity4 accurately and continuously. Therapy may be programmed for long-duration @entity1 / @entity4 , with a low risk of underdetection. Discrimination of @entity1 from @entity4 permits successful pacing therapy for a significant fraction of @entity1 .

title: Detection of XXXX and flutter by a dual-chamber @entity2 . For the Worldwide Jewel @entity4 Investigators.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To distinguish prolonged episodes of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) that require cardioversion from self-terminating episodes that do not, an @entity4 ( @entity2 ) must be able to detect @entity4 continuously for extended periods. The @entity2 should discriminate between @entity1 ( @entity1 ), which may be terminated by antitachycardia pacing, and @entity4 , which requires cardioversion. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 80 @entity0 with @entity1 / @entity4 and @entity3 who were treated with a new @entity5 . During a follow-up period lasting 6+/-2 months, we validated spontaneous, device-defined @entity1 / @entity4 episodes by stored electrograms in all @entity0 . In 58 @entity0 , we performed 80 Holter recordings with telemetered atrial electrograms, both to validate the continuous detection of @entity1 / @entity4 and to determine the sensitivity of the detection of @entity1 / @entity4 . Detection was appropriate in 98% of 132 @entity4 episodes and 88% of 190 @entity1 episodes (98% of 128 @entity1 episodes with an atrial cycle length <300 ms). Intermittent sensing of far-field R waves during @entity6 caused 27 inappropriate @entity1 / @entity4 detections; these detections lasted 2.6+/-2.0 minutes. @entity1 / @entity4 was detected continuously in 27 of 28 @entity0 who had spontaneous episodes of @entity1 / @entity4 (96%). The device memory recorded 90 appropriate @entity1 / @entity4 episodes lasting >1 hour, for a total of 2697 hours of continuous detection of @entity1 / @entity4 . During Holter monitoring, the sensitivity of the detection of @entity1 / @entity4 (116 hours) was 100%; the specificity of the detection of non- @entity1 / @entity4 rhythms (1290 hours) was 99.99%. Of 166 appropriate episodes detected as @entity1 , 45% were terminated by antitachycardia pacing. CONCLUSIONS: A new @entity2 detects @entity1 / @entity4 accurately and continuously. Therapy may be programmed for long-duration @entity1 / @entity4 , with a low risk of underdetection. Discrimination of @entity1 from @entity4 permits successful pacing therapy for a significant fraction of @entity1 .

title: Detection of @entity4 and flutter by a dual-chamber @entity2 . For the Worldwide Jewel XXXX Investigators.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To distinguish prolonged episodes of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) that require cardioversion from self-terminating episodes that do not, an @entity4 ( @entity2 ) must be able to detect @entity4 continuously for extended periods. The @entity2 should discriminate between @entity1 ( @entity1 ), which may be terminated by antitachycardia pacing, and @entity4 , which requires cardioversion. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 80 @entity0 with @entity1 / @entity4 and @entity3 who were treated with a new @entity5 . During a follow-up period lasting 6+/-2 months, we validated spontaneous, device-defined @entity1 / @entity4 episodes by stored electrograms in all @entity0 . In 58 @entity0 , we performed 80 Holter recordings with telemetered atrial electrograms, both to validate the continuous detection of @entity1 / @entity4 and to determine the sensitivity of the detection of @entity1 / @entity4 . Detection was appropriate in 98% of 132 @entity4 episodes and 88% of 190 @entity1 episodes (98% of 128 @entity1 episodes with an atrial cycle length <300 ms). Intermittent sensing of far-field R waves during @entity6 caused 27 inappropriate @entity1 / @entity4 detections; these detections lasted 2.6+/-2.0 minutes. @entity1 / @entity4 was detected continuously in 27 of 28 @entity0 who had spontaneous episodes of @entity1 / @entity4 (96%). The device memory recorded 90 appropriate @entity1 / @entity4 episodes lasting >1 hour, for a total of 2697 hours of continuous detection of @entity1 / @entity4 . During Holter monitoring, the sensitivity of the detection of @entity1 / @entity4 (116 hours) was 100%; the specificity of the detection of non- @entity1 / @entity4 rhythms (1290 hours) was 99.99%. Of 166 appropriate episodes detected as @entity1 , 45% were terminated by antitachycardia pacing. CONCLUSIONS: A new @entity2 detects @entity1 / @entity4 accurately and continuously. Therapy may be programmed for long-duration @entity1 / @entity4 , with a low risk of underdetection. Discrimination of @entity1 from @entity4 permits successful pacing therapy for a significant fraction of @entity1 .

title: Detection of @entity4 and flutter by a dual-chamber XXXX . For the Worldwide Jewel @entity4 Investigators.

answer: @entity2