abstract: Head and @entity2 are a rare and heterogeneous group of @entity1 that pose management challenges. We report our experience with these @entity1 . Forty consecutive @entity0 treated for 44 @entity2 between 1997 and 2014 were culled from our prospectively maintained head and neck database. Five @entity0 were excluded. The adult cohort consisted 29 (83%) @entity0 of a mean age of 57.7   years, with 33 @entity3 . The most common diagnoses were undifferentiated @entity3 (27%) and @entity4 (21%). Clear surgical margins were achieved in 24/33 (73%) lesions. Twenty-two @entity0 received radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Fourteen @entity0 developed local (n   =   6), regional (n   =   1) and distant (n   =   7) recurrence. The overall 5-year survival was 66% with a mean survival interval of 66.5   months. Recurrent @entity3 , close (<1   mm) or involved surgical margins and advanced age were associated with statistically significantly reduced survival. The pediatric cohort consisted 6 (17%) @entity0 , with a mean age of 9   years. Five @entity0 had primary @entity5 and one had @entity4 . Clear surgical margins were achieved in five (83%) @entity0 . All @entity0 received adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Mean survival interval was 102   months. Three @entity0 developed local (n   =   1) or distant (n   =   2) recurrence. Twenty-three free and 8 pedicled flaps were performed in 25 @entity0 . Eleven out of thirty-nine (28%) lesions in 11 @entity0 developed a complication. In conclusion, @entity2 are best managed by a multidisciplinary team at a tertiary head and neck referral center and resection with clear margins is vital for disease control.

title: Outcomes of the treatment of XXXX in a tertiary referral center.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is the most common @entity3 in @entity0 . Early detection is necessary for cure. OBJECTIVE: To compare stage and outcome of @entity0 with @entity1 treated at Kalafong Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa (SA), during two time periods (1993 - 2000 and 2001 - 2008, after outreach interventions in 2000 and introduction of compulsory community service for doctors in 1998). METHODS: Data collected included demography (age, gender, date of birth), stage and treatment received. The main outcome measure was disease-free survival and the study end-point was 60 months after diagnosis. RESULTS: There were 51 @entity0 during the time period 1993 - 2000 (group 1) and 73 during 2001 - 2008 (group 2), with median ages of 32 and 26 months, respectively (marginally significantly younger in group 2; p = 0.046). In group 1, the majority (57%) presented with @entity2 (stages III and IV), with a decline in this proportion in group 2 (40%) indicating a downward but not significant trend (p = 0.075). Bilateral disease was diagnosed in 22% of @entity0 in group 1 and 33% in group 2. Overall survival was 33% and 43% for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Excluding absconding @entity0 , event-free survival was 50% in group 1, improving to 68% in group 2 (not statistically significant; p = 0.18). Fewer @entity0 needed radiotherapy during the second period (statistically significant; p = 0.04), probably because of @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Poor outcome is probably a result of late diagnosis. It is important to implement a strategy that will ensure early diagnosis and optimal management of @entity1 in SA.

title: XXXX outcome at a single institution in South Africa.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of an acute adverse stress as "trigger" for the onset of @entity4 . METHODS: Among 4618 consecutive @entity0 , twenty-two reported a major life event within three months before the onset of @entity4 . RESULTS: All @entity0 had @entity8 except one with @entity9 . The temporal lobe was involved in 90% of @entity0 with @entity8 . More precisely, 13 @entity0 (62% of @entity0 with @entity8 ) had @entity7 ( @entity7 ), two had lateral @entity7 , four had @entity4 , and two @entity0 had central @entity7 . The mean age and the median age at onset of @entity4 for @entity0 with @entity7 were both 38years (range: 9.5-65years). Ten @entity0 had right and three had left @entity7 . Among @entity0 with @entity8 , MRI was abnormal in 7 (33%) with @entity2 in four, @entity11 in two, and complex cortical @entity10 in one. The mean age at onset of @entity4 for @entity0 with @entity1 was 26years (range: 9.5-49). Twelve @entity0 (54%) reported a @entity3 as a triggering factor for the onset of their @entity4 . Seven @entity0 (32%) reported that a relationship of trust had been broken. Three @entity0 (14%) had been subjects of violence. No @entity0 reported @entity6 as a triggering factor. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that some @entity0 (5/1000 @entity0 ) began their @entity5 in the wake of significant life events. The average age at onset of @entity4 is quite late, around age 30, even in the presence of @entity1 . These @entity0 are emotionally and affectively more prone to have consequences of a stressful life event. The recognition and management of such situations may bring significant relief with improvement of the control of @entity4 .

title: Can emotional stress trigger the onset of XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Type @entity2 (EOCs) are reported to be relatively chemoresistant. This study sought to compare pretreatment chemoresponse assays in @entity3 vs. Type II EOCs. STUDY DESIGN: 383 @entity0 with stage III-IV EOC enrolled in an observational study, with known chemoresponse assay results for 7 common therapeutic agents, were included. @entity3 EOCs were defined as grade 1 serous/endometrioid @entity1 and all @entity1 . Type II EOCs were classified as grade 2-3 serous/endometrioid @entity1 and undifferentiated @entity1 . Chemotherapy assay responses were classified as sensitive (S), intermediately sensitive (I), or resistant (R). All @entity0 were treated with @entity4 / @entity5 therapy following cytoreductive surgery. RESULTS: Thirty (7.8%) @entity1 were classified as @entity3 EOC, and 353 (92.2%) as Type II EOC. @entity3 @entity0 were younger at the time of diagnosis (median age: 57 vs. 62 years, p=0.018) and had longer survival compared to Type II @entity0 (mPFS: 25.8 vs. 16.4 months, HR=1.71, p=0.042). Eighty-six percent of @entity3 EOC specimens demonstrated a sensitive chemoresponse assay result to at least 1 agent; 35.7% were pan-S to all 7 agents. After adjusting for stage, debulking status, and type of EOC, multi-drug resistance was twice as likely in @entity0 with @entity3 EOC compared to Type II EOC (pan-R, 14.3% vs. 6.8% (p=0.268); pan-S, 35.7% vs. 51.2% (p=0.183)), but did not attain statistical significance. CONCLUSION(S): The majority of @entity0 with @entity3 EOC displayed assay sensitivity to at least one agent. Given the small sample size these findings need to be evaluated further.

title: Evaluation of in vitro chemoresponse profiles in @entity0 with XXXX : An observational study ancillary analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Type @entity2 (EOCs) are reported to be relatively chemoresistant. This study sought to compare pretreatment chemoresponse assays in @entity3 vs. Type II EOCs. STUDY DESIGN: 383 @entity0 with stage III-IV EOC enrolled in an observational study, with known chemoresponse assay results for 7 common therapeutic agents, were included. @entity3 EOCs were defined as grade 1 serous/endometrioid @entity1 and all @entity1 . Type II EOCs were classified as grade 2-3 serous/endometrioid @entity1 and undifferentiated @entity1 . Chemotherapy assay responses were classified as sensitive (S), intermediately sensitive (I), or resistant (R). All @entity0 were treated with @entity4 / @entity5 therapy following cytoreductive surgery. RESULTS: Thirty (7.8%) @entity1 were classified as @entity3 EOC, and 353 (92.2%) as Type II EOC. @entity3 @entity0 were younger at the time of diagnosis (median age: 57 vs. 62 years, p=0.018) and had longer survival compared to Type II @entity0 (mPFS: 25.8 vs. 16.4 months, HR=1.71, p=0.042). Eighty-six percent of @entity3 EOC specimens demonstrated a sensitive chemoresponse assay result to at least 1 agent; 35.7% were pan-S to all 7 agents. After adjusting for stage, debulking status, and type of EOC, multi-drug resistance was twice as likely in @entity0 with @entity3 EOC compared to Type II EOC (pan-R, 14.3% vs. 6.8% (p=0.268); pan-S, 35.7% vs. 51.2% (p=0.183)), but did not attain statistical significance. CONCLUSION(S): The majority of @entity0 with @entity3 EOC displayed assay sensitivity to at least one agent. Given the small sample size these findings need to be evaluated further.

title: Evaluation of in vitro chemoresponse profiles in XXXX with @entity2 : An observational study ancillary analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Eclampsia remains a major cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. We examined facilitators and barriers to the use of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the management of @entity1 / @entity3 ( @entity4 ) in health facilities in Bauchi and Sokoto States in Nigeria. METHODS: Data were collected from 80 health facilities using a cross-sectional, mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) design. We assessed health facility readiness to manage @entity4 and use @entity2 as the drug of choice, through provider interviews, in-depth interviews with facility managers and an inventory of equipment and supply in facilities. Bivariate and qualitative data analyses were performed to isolate the principal enabling factors and barriers to the management of @entity4 and use of @entity2 . RESULTS: The majority of health facility providers correctly mentioned @entity2 as the drug of choice for the prevention and termination of @entity0 in severe @entity4 (65  %). Sixty-four percent of the health facilities had service registers available. About 45  % of providers had been trained on the use of @entity2 for the management of @entity4 . Regarding providers' practices, 45  % of respondents indicated that @entity2 was used to prevent and treat @entity0 in severe @entity4 in their facilities. Barriers to management of @entity4 included inadequate numbers of skilled providers, frequent shortages of @entity2 , lack of essential equipment and supplies, irregular supply of electricity and water, and non-availability of guidelines and clinical protocols at the health facilities. Technical support to providers was inadequate. CONCLUSION: The study revealed that a constellation of factors adversely affect the management of @entity4 and especially the use of @entity2 by service providers. Efforts to improve the management of @entity4 in facilities should include integrated programs that substantially improve provider and facility readiness to manage @entity4 for better maternal and newborn health outcomes in Northern Nigeria.

title: Factors influencing the use of @entity2 in @entity1 / XXXX management in health facilities in Northern Nigeria: a mixed methods study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Eclampsia remains a major cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. We examined facilitators and barriers to the use of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the management of @entity1 / @entity3 ( @entity4 ) in health facilities in Bauchi and Sokoto States in Nigeria. METHODS: Data were collected from 80 health facilities using a cross-sectional, mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) design. We assessed health facility readiness to manage @entity4 and use @entity2 as the drug of choice, through provider interviews, in-depth interviews with facility managers and an inventory of equipment and supply in facilities. Bivariate and qualitative data analyses were performed to isolate the principal enabling factors and barriers to the management of @entity4 and use of @entity2 . RESULTS: The majority of health facility providers correctly mentioned @entity2 as the drug of choice for the prevention and termination of @entity0 in severe @entity4 (65  %). Sixty-four percent of the health facilities had service registers available. About 45  % of providers had been trained on the use of @entity2 for the management of @entity4 . Regarding providers' practices, 45  % of respondents indicated that @entity2 was used to prevent and treat @entity0 in severe @entity4 in their facilities. Barriers to management of @entity4 included inadequate numbers of skilled providers, frequent shortages of @entity2 , lack of essential equipment and supplies, irregular supply of electricity and water, and non-availability of guidelines and clinical protocols at the health facilities. Technical support to providers was inadequate. CONCLUSION: The study revealed that a constellation of factors adversely affect the management of @entity4 and especially the use of @entity2 by service providers. Efforts to improve the management of @entity4 in facilities should include integrated programs that substantially improve provider and facility readiness to manage @entity4 for better maternal and newborn health outcomes in Northern Nigeria.

title: Factors influencing the use of XXXX in @entity1 / @entity3 management in health facilities in Northern Nigeria: a mixed methods study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Eclampsia remains a major cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. We examined facilitators and barriers to the use of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the management of @entity1 / @entity3 ( @entity4 ) in health facilities in Bauchi and Sokoto States in Nigeria. METHODS: Data were collected from 80 health facilities using a cross-sectional, mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) design. We assessed health facility readiness to manage @entity4 and use @entity2 as the drug of choice, through provider interviews, in-depth interviews with facility managers and an inventory of equipment and supply in facilities. Bivariate and qualitative data analyses were performed to isolate the principal enabling factors and barriers to the management of @entity4 and use of @entity2 . RESULTS: The majority of health facility providers correctly mentioned @entity2 as the drug of choice for the prevention and termination of @entity0 in severe @entity4 (65  %). Sixty-four percent of the health facilities had service registers available. About 45  % of providers had been trained on the use of @entity2 for the management of @entity4 . Regarding providers' practices, 45  % of respondents indicated that @entity2 was used to prevent and treat @entity0 in severe @entity4 in their facilities. Barriers to management of @entity4 included inadequate numbers of skilled providers, frequent shortages of @entity2 , lack of essential equipment and supplies, irregular supply of electricity and water, and non-availability of guidelines and clinical protocols at the health facilities. Technical support to providers was inadequate. CONCLUSION: The study revealed that a constellation of factors adversely affect the management of @entity4 and especially the use of @entity2 by service providers. Efforts to improve the management of @entity4 in facilities should include integrated programs that substantially improve provider and facility readiness to manage @entity4 for better maternal and newborn health outcomes in Northern Nigeria.

title: Factors influencing the use of @entity2 in XXXX / @entity3 management in health facilities in Northern Nigeria: a mixed methods study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Sources and concentrations of indoor @entity2 ( @entity1 ) were examined in Barcelona, Spain, during 1996-1999. A total of 340 dwellings of @entity0 participating in a hospital-based cohort study were selected from different areas of the city. Passive filter badges were used for indoor @entity1 measurement over 7-30 days. Dwelling inhabitants completed a questionnaire on housing characteristics and smoking habits. Data on outdoor @entity1 concentrations were available for the entire period of the study in the areas of the city where indoor concentrations were determined. Bivariate analysis was performed to investigate relationships between indoor @entity1 concentrations on one hand and outdoor @entity1 concentrations, housing, and occupant characteristics on the other. Stepwise multiple linear regression was performed with variables that were found to have a significant bivariate relationship. Indoor @entity1 mean values ranged between 23.57 ppb in 1996 and 27.02 ppb in 1999, with the highest yearly value of 27.82 ppb in 1997. In the same time period, mean outdoor @entity1 concentration ranged between 25.26 and 25.78 ppb with a peak of 30.5 ppb in 1998. Multiple regression analysis showed that principal sources of indoor @entity1 concentrations were the use of a gas cooker, the absence of an extractor fan when cooking, and cigarette smoking. The absence of central heating was also associated with higher @entity1 concentrations. Finally, each ppb increase in outdoor @entity1 was associated with a 1% increase in indoor concentrations.

title: Sources and concentrations of indoor XXXX in Barcelona, Spain.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: With increasing use of high-resolution imaging of brain, unruptured @entity4 are more and more frequently detected. With the advances in treatment techniques, an increasing number of @entity4 are now occluded using endovascular coiling instead of conventional surgical clipping. However, the better modality for unruptured @entity3 has been poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes between endovascular coiling and surgical clipping among @entity0 with unruptured @entity3 . METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and SIGLE were electronically searched from January 1, 1990 to March 13, 2012 with no language restriction for randomized or nonrandomized clinical controlled trials. Article screening and data extraction were conducted in duplicate. Results were statistically pooled through Review Manager 5 and StatsDirect 2.7.9. RESULTS: Seven studies met our inclusion criteria. The pooled risk ratios (coiling vs. clipping) were 0.59 (95% CI = 0.23-1.54) for @entity2 ; 0.37 (95% CI = 0.10-1.41) for @entity5 ; 0.78 (95% CI = 0.38-1.58) for @entity6 ; 0.87 (95% CI = 0.70-1.08) for occlusion of @entity4 ; 0.53 (95% CI = 0.18-1.52) for independence in daily activities. The pooled rates of @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity1 , occlusion of @entity4 , and mRS no less than 3 were 1% (95% CI = 0-2%), 2% (95% CI = 0-5%), 8% (95% CI = 4-13%), 82% (95% CI = 64-95%), and 5% (95% CI = 1-10%) for endovascular coiling, respectively, and 1% (95% CI = 0-2%), 6% (95% CI = 3-10%), 9% (95% CI = 5-15%), 95% (95% CI = 90-98%), and 8% (95% CI = 3-14%) for surgical clipping, respectively. We failed to evaluate quality of life and cognitive outcome due to insufficient data. Both meta-regression and sensitivity analysis showed consistent results. Furthermore, Begg's test and Egger's test failed to detect publication bias. CONCLUSION: We suggest that endovascular coiling and surgical clipping bear similar risk ratios of @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity6 , occlusion of @entity4 , and independence in daily activities and encourage further studies on quality of life and cognitive outcome. However, albeit the results in this meta-analysis are robust, due to great clinical heterogeneity and low quality of studies, the results in this meta-analysis should be interpreted with caution.

title: Endovascular coiling vs. surgical clipping for unruptured XXXX : A meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To validate a wound classification instrument that includes assessment of depth, @entity5 , and @entity3 based on the eventual outcome of the wound. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We evaluated the medical records of 360 @entity1 @entity0 presenting for care of foot wounds at a multidisciplinary tertiary care foot clinic. As per protocol, all @entity0 had a standardized evaluation to assess @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity7 , and @entity5 . @entity0 were assessed at 6 months after their initial evaluation to see whether an amputation had been performed. RESULTS: There was a significant overall trend toward increased prevalence of amputations as wounds increased in both depth (chi 2trend = 143.1, P < 0.001) and stage (chi 2trend = 91.0, P < 0.001). This was true for every subcategory as well with the exception of noninfected, nonischemic @entity6 . There were no amputations performed within this stage during the follow-up period. @entity0 were more than 11 times more likely to receive a midfoot or higher level amputation if their wound probed to bone (18.3 vs. 2.0%, P < 0.001, chi 2 = 31.5, odds ratio (OR) = 11.1, CI = 4.0-30.3). @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity3 were nearly 90 times more likely to receive a midfoot or higher amputation compared with @entity0 in less advanced wound stages (76.5 vs. 3.5%, P < 0.001, chi 2 = 133.5, OR = 89.6, CI = 25-316). CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes deteriorated with increasing grade and stage of wounds when measured using the University of Texas Wound Classification System.

title: Validation of a XXXX wound classification system. The contribution of depth, @entity5 , and @entity3 to risk of amputation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To validate a wound classification instrument that includes assessment of depth, @entity5 , and @entity3 based on the eventual outcome of the wound. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We evaluated the medical records of 360 @entity1 @entity0 presenting for care of foot wounds at a multidisciplinary tertiary care foot clinic. As per protocol, all @entity0 had a standardized evaluation to assess @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity7 , and @entity5 . @entity0 were assessed at 6 months after their initial evaluation to see whether an amputation had been performed. RESULTS: There was a significant overall trend toward increased prevalence of amputations as wounds increased in both depth (chi 2trend = 143.1, P < 0.001) and stage (chi 2trend = 91.0, P < 0.001). This was true for every subcategory as well with the exception of noninfected, nonischemic @entity6 . There were no amputations performed within this stage during the follow-up period. @entity0 were more than 11 times more likely to receive a midfoot or higher level amputation if their wound probed to bone (18.3 vs. 2.0%, P < 0.001, chi 2 = 31.5, odds ratio (OR) = 11.1, CI = 4.0-30.3). @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity3 were nearly 90 times more likely to receive a midfoot or higher amputation compared with @entity0 in less advanced wound stages (76.5 vs. 3.5%, P < 0.001, chi 2 = 133.5, OR = 89.6, CI = 25-316). CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes deteriorated with increasing grade and stage of wounds when measured using the University of Texas Wound Classification System.

title: Validation of a @entity1 wound classification system. The contribution of depth, @entity5 , and XXXX to risk of amputation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To validate a wound classification instrument that includes assessment of depth, @entity5 , and @entity3 based on the eventual outcome of the wound. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We evaluated the medical records of 360 @entity1 @entity0 presenting for care of foot wounds at a multidisciplinary tertiary care foot clinic. As per protocol, all @entity0 had a standardized evaluation to assess @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity7 , and @entity5 . @entity0 were assessed at 6 months after their initial evaluation to see whether an amputation had been performed. RESULTS: There was a significant overall trend toward increased prevalence of amputations as wounds increased in both depth (chi 2trend = 143.1, P < 0.001) and stage (chi 2trend = 91.0, P < 0.001). This was true for every subcategory as well with the exception of noninfected, nonischemic @entity6 . There were no amputations performed within this stage during the follow-up period. @entity0 were more than 11 times more likely to receive a midfoot or higher level amputation if their wound probed to bone (18.3 vs. 2.0%, P < 0.001, chi 2 = 31.5, odds ratio (OR) = 11.1, CI = 4.0-30.3). @entity0 with @entity5 and @entity3 were nearly 90 times more likely to receive a midfoot or higher amputation compared with @entity0 in less advanced wound stages (76.5 vs. 3.5%, P < 0.001, chi 2 = 133.5, OR = 89.6, CI = 25-316). CONCLUSIONS: Outcomes deteriorated with increasing grade and stage of wounds when measured using the University of Texas Wound Classification System.

title: Validation of a @entity1 wound classification system. The contribution of depth, XXXX , and @entity3 to risk of amputation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Linxian and the nearby county Huixian, in the Henan province in Northern China, have a very high incidence of @entity8 (SCC). Previous studies from these counties have suggested that increased proliferation of esophageal epithelial cells, morphologically manifested as @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), is an early indicator of abnormality in @entity0 predisposed to SCC. A high incidence of @entity2 (AC) was also found in these areas. To determine proliferation patterns of esophageal and @entity1 epithelia with normal and different severities of @entity7 , we measured @entity4 ( @entity4 ), Ki-67, and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) incorporation and compared the results. Esophageal biopsies (175) and @entity1 biopsies (41) were collected from symptom-free subjects in Huixian. Of these, 23 esophageal biopsies were incubated with @entity6 . The avidin- @entity9 -peroxidase complex (ABC) method was used to detect @entity4 , Ki-67, and @entity6 . The number of immunostain-positive cells was counted manually. Intense immunostaining for @entity4 , Ki-67, and @entity6 was observed in the cell nuclei of tissues with normal and different severities of @entity7 . With esophageal biopsies, both @entity4 and Ki-67 increased significantly as the epithelia progressed from normal to @entity5 and to @entity3 . The number of @entity4 - and Ki-67-positive cells was three times higher than that of @entity6 incorporation in the same category of @entity5 . With @entity2 biopsies, the number of Ki-67 positive cells was lower in normal tissue and increased significantly from chronic superficial @entity10 to chronic @entity11 to @entity3 . Staining patterns for @entity4 and Ki-67 were correlated with the histopathology of the esophagus. The correlation was not as clear with @entity1 . @entity6 studies appear to be more complicated. The @entity4 and Ki-67 methods may be useful for screening high-risk esophageal and @entity1 subjects, and for monitoring chemoprevention effects.

title: Esophageal and XXXX epithelial cell proliferation in northern Chinese subjects living in a high-incidence area.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity7 including @entity6 and @entity5 multiforme are difficult to treat because of their locally invasive nature and relative resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Novel agents that can kill multi-drug resistant @entity1 cells and reach @entity1 cells at distant sites in the brain are needed. One such class of agents is fusion proteins which consist of @entity7 -selective peptide ligands fused to peptide toxins. The ligand directs the protein to the @entity2 cell surface; the peptide toxin is then internalized into the cell, translocates to the cytosol and catalytically inactivates protein synthesis leading to cell death. Fusion proteins are toxic to multi-drug resistant @entity7 cells. Because of the large molecular weight of these molecules, a unique delivery system has been @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The method creates a bulk flow which supplements diffusion and achieves drug concentrations in the brain parenchyma orders of magnitude greater than by systemic administration. @entity0 with recurrent @entity2 treated with individual fusion protein @entity4 have obtained clinical remissions lasting years. However, @entity3 to normal brain have been observed and relapses ultimately occurred. To address the clinical need of these @entity0 and improve upon the therapeutic index observed to date with single fusion protein @entity4 , we generated a novel fusion protein DAB389EGF and tested it in combination with another active fusion protein, @entity8 PE38QQR. We observed potent @entity3 with each fusion protein and synergistic @entity3 with the combination. Further, @entity7 cells showed heterogeneous expression of individual receptors suggesting that the combination--DAB389EGF and IL13PE38QQR may show improved efficacy and should undergo further preclinical development for therapy of @entity0 with relapsed high-grade @entity2 .

title: Combination fusion protein therapy of refractory XXXX : demonstration of efficacy in cell culture.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the cost-sharing provision of the @entity1 Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was to reduce financial barriers for preventive services, including screening for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity0 ( @entity0 ) among privately and Medicare-insured individuals. Whether the provision has affected @entity3 and @entity0 screening prevalence is unknown. The current study investigated whether @entity3 and @entity0 screening prevalence among privately and Medicare-insured adults by socioeconomic status (SES) changed before and after the ACA. METHODS: Data obtained from the National Health Interview Survey pertaining to privately and Medicare-insured adults from 2008 (before the ACA) and 2013 (after the ACA) were used. There were 15,786 adults aged 50 to 75 years in the @entity3 screening analysis and 14,530 @entity1 aged >= 40 years in the @entity0 screening analysis. Changes in guideline-recommended screening between 2008 and 2013 by SES were expressed as the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) adjusted for demographics, insurance, income, education, body mass index, and having a usual provider. RESULTS: Overall, @entity3 screening prevalence increased from 57.3% to 61.2% between 2008 and 2013 (P<.001). Adjusted @entity3 screening prevalence during the corresponding period increased in low-income ( @entity4 , 5.9; 95% CI, 1.8 to 10.2), least-educated ( @entity4 , 7.2; 95% CI, 0.9 to 13.5), and Medicare-insured ( @entity4 , 6.2; 95% CI, 1.7 to 10.7) individuals, but not in high-income, most-educated, and privately insured respondents. @entity0 screening remained unchanged overall (70.5% in 2008 vs 70.2% in 2013) and in the low SES groups. CONCLUSIONS: Increases in @entity3 screening prevalence between 2008 and 2013 were confined to respondents with low SES. These findings may in part reflect the ACA's removal of financial barriers. @entity2 2015;121:3272-3280.    2015 American @entity2 Society.

title: Elimination of cost-sharing and receipt of screening for XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: With the utilization of new biologic agents and experimental chemotherapy in the treatment of @entity1 , the issue of local-regional control will become increasingly important. This study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of dose escalation using proton therapy, as compared to conventional 3-dimensional conformal radiation, by minimizing the dose to normal tissues. The photon treatment plans of 4 @entity0 with unresectable @entity1 treated on a biologic therapy trial were utilized. Each @entity0 was treated using a 3- or 4-field photon plan with 45 Gy to the clinical target volume (CTV), followed by a boost of 14.4 Gy to the gross target volume (GTV). Using a Helax treatment planning system, proton plans were generated to encompass the same CTV and GTV to the same prescribed dose. Dose-volume histograms (DVHs) were generated for the GTV, CTV, spinal cord, liver, and right and left kidneys. Each DVH was compared between the photon and proton plans. Proton plans utilized either a 2- or 3-field technique. Available energies included 130 or 180 MeV. Range modulators and bolus were used as needed to conform to the target volume. With the CTV and GTV receiving the same dose from the proton and photon plans, all individual proton plans were superior to the photon plans in reduction of normal tissue dose. For the 4 @entity0 , the average dose reduction to 50% of the organ at risk was 78% to spinal cord (p = 0.003), 73% to left kidney (p = 0.025), 43% to right kidney (p = 0.059), and 55% to liver (p = 0.061). These comparative treatment plans show proton therapy results in significant reductions of dose to normal tissue compared to conventional photons while treating the same target volumes. This allows for the design of dose-escalation protocols using protons in combination with new biologic therapies and chemotherapy.

title: Comparative treatment planning between proton and X-ray therapy in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the skills of internal medicine-pediatrics (med-peds) residents in evaluating and counseling @entity0 with @entity3 using a clinical performance exercise (CPE). METHOD: The authors designed a 13-station CPE [nine standardized- @entity0 (SP) stations and four non-SP stations]. Eight of the SP stations focused on counseling or assessing complex psychosocial needs, and three were videotaped and analyzed for specific verbal and nonverbal communication skills. Residents completed a written task for each station and SPs completed a checklist on interviewing and communication skills and a 52-item @entity0 's-satisfaction survey. All first- and third-year residents (n = 25) from two academic years participated. RESULTS: The range of the average scores on the nine SP stations was 43-75%. The residents performed better with common problems (newborn hospital discharge instructions and cardiac risk-factor counseling) than with more complex problems that are less often encountered in the institution ( @entity2 counseling), or problems less often recognized (adult survivor of childhood @entity1 ). As expected, third-year residents scored better than did first-year residents on the written "plan" part of the SP stations and on the non-SP stations. Third-year and first-year residents had similar scores, however, on measures of verbal and nonverbal communication and @entity0 's satisfaction, and for gathering data and providing information. CONCLUSION: This is the first performance-based evaluation of residents in a combined med-peds residency program. The stations addressed more complex clinical skills than those reported for objective structured clinical evaluations of residents.

title: A clinical performance exercise for medicine--pediatrics residents emphasizing XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine the influence of gender on baseline characteristics, response to treatment, and prognosis in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and impaired @entity5 ( @entity5 ). BACKGROUND: Under-representation of @entity0 in @entity2 clinical trials has limited our understanding of gender-related differences in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: The impact of gender was assessed in the Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST) which randomized 2,708 @entity0 with New York Heart Association class III/IV and @entity5 < or =0.35 to @entity7 versus placebo. @entity0 (n = 593) were compared with @entity0 (n = 2,115). Mean follow-up period was two years. RESULTS: Significant differences in baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics were found. @entity0 were younger, more likely to be black, had a higher prevalence of nonischemic etiology, higher right and @entity5 , higher heart rate, greater cardiothoracic ratio, higher prevalence of @entity3 , lower prevalence of @entity4 , and lower plasma @entity6 level. Ischemic etiology and measures of severity of @entity2 were found to be predictors of prognosis in @entity0 and @entity0 . However, differences in the predictive values of various variables were noted; most notably, @entity1 and @entity5 appear to be stronger predictors of prognosis in @entity0 . In the nonischemic @entity0 , @entity0 had a significantly better survival rate compared with @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity2 @entity0 with impaired @entity5 , significant gender differences are present, and the prognostic predictive values of some variables vary in magnitude between @entity0 and @entity0 . The survival advantage of @entity0 is confined to @entity0 with nonischemic etiology.

title: Gender differences in advanced XXXX : insights from the BEST study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Intraperitoneal administration of a local anaesthetic in combination with an opioid, for the relief of @entity2 , has already been reported except after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study was aimed at assessing the analgesic effect of the intraperitoneal administration of @entity4 and @entity3 in @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: At the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in a double-blind, randomized manner, one of the following injections was given intraperitoneally. There were 30 @entity0 in each group: Group 1, physiological saline 30 mL; Group 2, @entity4 0.25% 30 mL; Group 3, @entity4 0.25% 30 mL plus @entity3 2 mg. In addition, Group 2 received 2 mg intravenous (i.v.) @entity3 in 2 mL saline, and Groups 1 and 3, 2 mL saline intravenously. @entity0 ' @entity2 was evaluated using a visual analogue scale and a verbal rating score. The postoperative analgesic requirement was assessed by the total dose of @entity5 administered by an i.v. @entity0 -controlled analgesia (PCA) device. @entity1 , vital signs, supplemental analgesic consumption and side-effects were recorded for all @entity0 for 24 h. RESULTS: There were no differences between the three groups regarding @entity1 scores (at rest and coughing) during the study except in the first 2 h, when scores were lower for @entity0 receiving intraperitoneal @entity4 plus i.v. @entity3 (P < 0.05). Supplemental consumption of @entity5 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in Group 3 than in Group 1 during the first 6 h after surgery. However, the cumulative doses of @entity5 were also lower in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3 over the entire study (2025 +/- 1044 mg vs. 4925 +/- 1238 and 4125 +/- 1276mg; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the intraperitoneal administration of @entity3 plus @entity4 0.25% reduced the analgesic requirements during the first 6 postoperative hours compared with the control group. However, the combination of intraperitoneal @entity4 0.25% and i.v. @entity3 was more effective for treatment of @entity1 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

title: Intraperitoneal application of XXXX plus @entity3 for @entity1 relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Intraperitoneal administration of a local anaesthetic in combination with an opioid, for the relief of @entity2 , has already been reported except after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study was aimed at assessing the analgesic effect of the intraperitoneal administration of @entity4 and @entity3 in @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: At the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in a double-blind, randomized manner, one of the following injections was given intraperitoneally. There were 30 @entity0 in each group: Group 1, physiological saline 30 mL; Group 2, @entity4 0.25% 30 mL; Group 3, @entity4 0.25% 30 mL plus @entity3 2 mg. In addition, Group 2 received 2 mg intravenous (i.v.) @entity3 in 2 mL saline, and Groups 1 and 3, 2 mL saline intravenously. @entity0 ' @entity2 was evaluated using a visual analogue scale and a verbal rating score. The postoperative analgesic requirement was assessed by the total dose of @entity5 administered by an i.v. @entity0 -controlled analgesia (PCA) device. @entity1 , vital signs, supplemental analgesic consumption and side-effects were recorded for all @entity0 for 24 h. RESULTS: There were no differences between the three groups regarding @entity1 scores (at rest and coughing) during the study except in the first 2 h, when scores were lower for @entity0 receiving intraperitoneal @entity4 plus i.v. @entity3 (P < 0.05). Supplemental consumption of @entity5 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in Group 3 than in Group 1 during the first 6 h after surgery. However, the cumulative doses of @entity5 were also lower in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3 over the entire study (2025 +/- 1044 mg vs. 4925 +/- 1238 and 4125 +/- 1276mg; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the intraperitoneal administration of @entity3 plus @entity4 0.25% reduced the analgesic requirements during the first 6 postoperative hours compared with the control group. However, the combination of intraperitoneal @entity4 0.25% and i.v. @entity3 was more effective for treatment of @entity1 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

title: Intraperitoneal application of @entity4 plus @entity3 for XXXX relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Intraperitoneal administration of a local anaesthetic in combination with an opioid, for the relief of @entity2 , has already been reported except after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. This study was aimed at assessing the analgesic effect of the intraperitoneal administration of @entity4 and @entity3 in @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: At the end of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, in a double-blind, randomized manner, one of the following injections was given intraperitoneally. There were 30 @entity0 in each group: Group 1, physiological saline 30 mL; Group 2, @entity4 0.25% 30 mL; Group 3, @entity4 0.25% 30 mL plus @entity3 2 mg. In addition, Group 2 received 2 mg intravenous (i.v.) @entity3 in 2 mL saline, and Groups 1 and 3, 2 mL saline intravenously. @entity0 ' @entity2 was evaluated using a visual analogue scale and a verbal rating score. The postoperative analgesic requirement was assessed by the total dose of @entity5 administered by an i.v. @entity0 -controlled analgesia (PCA) device. @entity1 , vital signs, supplemental analgesic consumption and side-effects were recorded for all @entity0 for 24 h. RESULTS: There were no differences between the three groups regarding @entity1 scores (at rest and coughing) during the study except in the first 2 h, when scores were lower for @entity0 receiving intraperitoneal @entity4 plus i.v. @entity3 (P < 0.05). Supplemental consumption of @entity5 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in Group 3 than in Group 1 during the first 6 h after surgery. However, the cumulative doses of @entity5 were also lower in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3 over the entire study (2025 +/- 1044 mg vs. 4925 +/- 1238 and 4125 +/- 1276mg; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the intraperitoneal administration of @entity3 plus @entity4 0.25% reduced the analgesic requirements during the first 6 postoperative hours compared with the control group. However, the combination of intraperitoneal @entity4 0.25% and i.v. @entity3 was more effective for treatment of @entity1 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

title: Intraperitoneal application of @entity4 plus XXXX for @entity1 relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity0 mortality rate (IMR) was analysed among single, twin and triplet births during the period from 1995 to 1998 using Japanese Vital Statistics. This study also investigated the effects of order of multiple births and of birthweight on the IMR. Proportions of neonatal @entity1 among total @entity0 @entity1 were about 1/2 for singletons and 3/4 for both twins and triplets. Thus, to reduce the IMR, intensive care of multiple births is likely to be very important during the first month of life. The IMR was higher in males than females for both singletons and twins, but not in triplets. Relative risks of the IMR in multiples relative to singletons were 5-fold in twins and 12-fold in triplets. The IMR was higher in the second-born (18 per 1000 live births) than the first-born (16) twin and higher in the third-born (51) than the first-born (31) and the second-born (34) triplet. The higher risk in the second-born than the first-born twin may be related to delivery complications. The IMR decreased rapidly as birthweight increased in singletons, twins, and triplets. IMRs for < or =1500 g were 2.4 per 1000 live births in singletons, 5.9 in twins and 6.1 in triplets. The corresponding proportions of @entity0 @entity1 were 75%, 33% and 10% respectively. The higher relative risks of multiple births are almost entirely the result of the lower birthweight distribution among twins and triplets. To reduce the IMR, birthweight is an important factor in twins, triplets and singletons. The overall early @entity1 rate decreased as gestational age rose in singletons, twins and triplets. For birthweights <1000 g, higher IMRs were related to gestational ages of <28 weeks.

title: XXXX mortality rates in single, twin and triplet births, and influencing factors in Japan, 1995-98.

answer: @entity0


abstract: It is well known that imbalances in the dietary electrolytes are associated with a significantly higher incidence of @entity0 ( @entity0 ). On the other hand, a prolonged heart rate corrected-QT (QTc) interval is associated with an increased risk of @entity1 , the incidence of @entity0 and @entity4 . This study was designed to clarify the association between the nutritional status and the QTc interval in elderly subjects. The subjects included 119 elderly subjects (46 males and 73 females, age; 72.9  4.8 y) without a history of @entity0 , who were taking cardioactive drugs. Resting 12-lead electrocardiography was performed, while the QTc interval was calculated according to Bazett's formula. The nutritional status was assessed using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. The subjects were divided into three categories, which were defined as equally trisected distributions of the body mass index (BMI). The QTc interval was significantly longer in both the low and high BMI groups than in the moderate BMI group in both genders (p<0.05, respectively). A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed the QTc interval to be independently associated with the @entity2 intake in the low BMI group and the @entity5 intake in the high BMI group in both genders (p<0.05, respectively). These results suggest that the body mass, especially lean body mass and overweight, were associated with a @entity3 and dietary electrolytes in elderly subjects. Based on our results, we consider that it is necessary to perform dietary counseling, especially focusing on @entity5 and @entity2 intake, depending on the body mass.

title: Influence of Dietary @entity5 and XXXX Intake on the Heart Rate Corrected-QT Interval in Elderly Subjects.

answer: @entity2


abstract: It is well known that imbalances in the dietary electrolytes are associated with a significantly higher incidence of @entity0 ( @entity0 ). On the other hand, a prolonged heart rate corrected-QT (QTc) interval is associated with an increased risk of @entity1 , the incidence of @entity0 and @entity4 . This study was designed to clarify the association between the nutritional status and the QTc interval in elderly subjects. The subjects included 119 elderly subjects (46 males and 73 females, age; 72.9  4.8 y) without a history of @entity0 , who were taking cardioactive drugs. Resting 12-lead electrocardiography was performed, while the QTc interval was calculated according to Bazett's formula. The nutritional status was assessed using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. The subjects were divided into three categories, which were defined as equally trisected distributions of the body mass index (BMI). The QTc interval was significantly longer in both the low and high BMI groups than in the moderate BMI group in both genders (p<0.05, respectively). A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed the QTc interval to be independently associated with the @entity2 intake in the low BMI group and the @entity5 intake in the high BMI group in both genders (p<0.05, respectively). These results suggest that the body mass, especially lean body mass and overweight, were associated with a @entity3 and dietary electrolytes in elderly subjects. Based on our results, we consider that it is necessary to perform dietary counseling, especially focusing on @entity5 and @entity2 intake, depending on the body mass.

title: Influence of Dietary XXXX and @entity2 Intake on the Heart Rate Corrected-QT Interval in Elderly Subjects.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Stachys sieboldii (Labiatae; Chinese artichoke, a tuber), "chorogi" in Japanese, has been extensively used in folk medicine, and has a number of pharmacological properties, including antioxidative activity. However, few studies have examined the neuroprotective effects of S. sieboldii tuber extract (chorogi extract), and it remains unknown whether the extract can alleviate @entity12 associated with @entity7 or @entity2 . Therefore, in this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of chorogi extract, and examined its protection against @entity12 using @entity11 leaf extract ( @entity11 extract) as a positive control. @entity0 were subjected to bilateral carotid @entity5 (BCAO) for 30 min. Oral administration of chorogi extract or @entity11 extract significantly reduced post-ischemic @entity4 intolerance on day 1 and @entity6 including @entity9 on day 3 after BCAO, compared with the vehicle-treated group. Neither herbal medicine affected locomotor activity. Furthermore, neither significantly alleviated @entity13 -induced @entity1 . In primary neurons, neuronal survival rate was significantly reduced by @entity3 treatment. This @entity3 -induced @entity8 was significantly suppressed by chorogi extract and @entity11 extract. Taken together, our findings suggest that chorogi extract as well as @entity11 extract can protect against @entity12 associated with @entity10 through an antioxidative mechanism.

title: Stachys sieboldii (Labiatae, Chorogi) Protects against XXXX Associated with @entity10 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: Stachys sieboldii (Labiatae; Chinese artichoke, a tuber), "chorogi" in Japanese, has been extensively used in folk medicine, and has a number of pharmacological properties, including antioxidative activity. However, few studies have examined the neuroprotective effects of S. sieboldii tuber extract (chorogi extract), and it remains unknown whether the extract can alleviate @entity12 associated with @entity7 or @entity2 . Therefore, in this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of chorogi extract, and examined its protection against @entity12 using @entity11 leaf extract ( @entity11 extract) as a positive control. @entity0 were subjected to bilateral carotid @entity5 (BCAO) for 30 min. Oral administration of chorogi extract or @entity11 extract significantly reduced post-ischemic @entity4 intolerance on day 1 and @entity6 including @entity9 on day 3 after BCAO, compared with the vehicle-treated group. Neither herbal medicine affected locomotor activity. Furthermore, neither significantly alleviated @entity13 -induced @entity1 . In primary neurons, neuronal survival rate was significantly reduced by @entity3 treatment. This @entity3 -induced @entity8 was significantly suppressed by chorogi extract and @entity11 extract. Taken together, our findings suggest that chorogi extract as well as @entity11 extract can protect against @entity12 associated with @entity10 through an antioxidative mechanism.

title: Stachys sieboldii (Labiatae, Chorogi) Protects against @entity12 Associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity10


abstract: In 2001, the International Rett Syndrome Association funded the establishment of a World Wide Web-based database to collect and display the genetic data of @entity0 and adults with @entity1 from around the world. RettBASE (<http:// @entity2 .chw.edu.au>) encompasses both published and unpublished data; includes pathogenic mutations, benign polymorphisms, and sequence variations of uncertain significance; and has a range of query capabilities, allowing for simple or complex interrogation of the database. To undertake genotype-phenotype correlations and to identify the likely subtle differences in phenotype, detailed phenotype data on large samples will be provided by the International Rett Syndrome Association International Phenotype database InterRett. InterRett is under development by the Australian @entity1 study group at the Telethon Institute for @entity0 Health Research in Perth, Western Australia. It will collect data from clinicians and families and provide deidentified, collated data on the Internet (<http://www.ichr.uwa.edu.au/rett/irsa>). Data records will be linked with RettBASE through a common unique identifier. An international reference panel is advising on the development of the database. Data collection procedures from families and clinicians are currently being piloted. Full data collection from both groups began in the second half of 2003. Concurrently, the output database will be developed to provide deidentified individual records and collated data for clinicians and researchers and collated data for families and the general public. This Web-based database will be an invaluable resource for understanding the nature of the disorder and managing @entity0 and adults with @entity1 .

title: InterRett and RettBASE: International Rett Syndrome Association databases for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Since its introduction in the 1970s percutaneous treatment of @entity2 has been an attractive concept that has been the object of technical development and clinical application throughout the world. Little scientific evaluation of the efficacy and effectiveness of the procedure has been done. To estimate the success rates of automated percutaneous and conventional discectomy in comparable @entity0 and to document the resource consumption of @entity0 treated in these ways, a multicenter randomized clinical trial designed to compare both treatment efficacy and cost-effectiveness of automated percutaneous discectomy and conventional discectomy in adult @entity0 with no prior lumbar spinal surgery, no coexistent lumbar spinal disease, unilateral single level @entity1 with images confirming disc herniation at the appropriate level. In the course of the trial important technical advances allowing epidural extraction of free-fragment disc herniation was incorporated into the trial. It was not possible to enroll the required number of @entity0 to complete the trial. Of 5735 screened @entity0 , 95 were eligible and 36 were enrolled. Two elected watchful waiting and did not have any surgical procedure. Eight @entity0 were lost to follow-up. Among the 27 evaluable @entity0 , 41% of the percutaneous discectomy @entity0 and 40% of the conventional discectomy @entity0 were assessed as achieving "success" on the primary outcome measure. No clinical trial of any percutaneous discectomy technique provides definitive evidence supporting the efficacy or effectiveness of the procedure. Such evidence should be required by @entity0 to whom such procedures are proposed and those who are asked to pay for them.

title: Discectomy strategies for XXXX : results of the LAPDOG trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: To describe a case of primary @entity8 . CASE DESCRIPTION: A 43-year-old @entity0 presented with a painless @entity1 . There was no previous history of @entity4 . Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging examination showed an intratesticular mass extending to the surrounding scrotal tissues including the epididymis. Inguinal radical orchiectomy was followed by a macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of the @entity2 . Immunohistochemistry demonstrated the strong positivity of the neoplastic cells for leucocyte common antigen (LCA), @entity7 , @entity6 and CD-117. All imaging and laboratory tests for metastatic or @entity4 , including a bone marrow biopsy, were negative, leading to the diagnosis of a primary @entity8 of the @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Although chloromas usually manifest in @entity0 with a @entity5 , isolated cases may occur. The low specificity of imaging and, occasionally, microscopic examination is challenging for the right diagnosis. The role of immunohistochemistry in conjunction with the clinical, imaging and laboratory findings is crucial to reach the correct diagnosis.

title: Radiologic and pathologic features of a primary XXXX of the @entity3 : a case report and brief review of the literature.

answer: @entity8


abstract: AIM: To describe a case of primary @entity8 . CASE DESCRIPTION: A 43-year-old @entity0 presented with a painless @entity1 . There was no previous history of @entity4 . Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging examination showed an intratesticular mass extending to the surrounding scrotal tissues including the epididymis. Inguinal radical orchiectomy was followed by a macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of the @entity2 . Immunohistochemistry demonstrated the strong positivity of the neoplastic cells for leucocyte common antigen (LCA), @entity7 , @entity6 and CD-117. All imaging and laboratory tests for metastatic or @entity4 , including a bone marrow biopsy, were negative, leading to the diagnosis of a primary @entity8 of the @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Although chloromas usually manifest in @entity0 with a @entity5 , isolated cases may occur. The low specificity of imaging and, occasionally, microscopic examination is challenging for the right diagnosis. The role of immunohistochemistry in conjunction with the clinical, imaging and laboratory findings is crucial to reach the correct diagnosis.

title: Radiologic and pathologic features of a primary @entity8 of the XXXX : a case report and brief review of the literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown the positive effects of multidisciplinary rehabilitation on disability and health-related quality of life in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, many @entity0 do not seek such treatment, even if it is available free of charge. The aim of this study was to identify facilitators and barriers related to use of such treatment options. METHODS: Five focus group interviews with 27 @entity1 @entity0 were conducted. Three groups included @entity0 who had been admitted to a multidisciplinary @entity1 rehabilitation institution, and two groups included outpatients of a university hospital who had not applied for specialized rehabilitation. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed, and were analyzed qualitatively by means of a modified form of systematic text condensation. RESULTS: Important factors influencing the use of an @entity1 rehabilitation service were 1) the availability and suitability of initial information about the disease and the service, 2) assumptions and expectations about such a service, and 3) practical barriers in the @entity0 's life. The prospect of having a retreat from work and family was described as a motivational factor. Lack of reorientation after diagnosis, fears and perceptions of being labeled as an @entity1 @entity0 , or having information overload and being confronted with disabled individuals were identified as barriers. CONCLUSIONS: Communication skills, including information-giving skills, of neurologists in relation to newly diagnosed @entity1 @entity0 need improvement. Rehabilitation programs for @entity1 @entity0 should include stays of different durations and purposes to fit @entity0 ' needs. Health-care authorities should take measures to secure equal access to information about rehabilitation options across institutions and practicing physicians.

title: Barriers and Facilitators Related to Rehabilitation Stays in XXXX : A Qualitative Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) usage is associated with gastrointestinal inflammatory damage and aggravation of gut inflammatory conditions. NSAIDs also exert a preventive effect against @entity2 that seems to be due to increased colon cell apoptosis. NSAIDs have been shown to modulate the release of colony stimulating factors (CSFs) in some cells. In the present study we analysed the effect of these drugs on secretion of CSFs and apoptosis in @entity0 colon epithelial cells (HT-29). 2. HT-29 cells secreted bioactive levels of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity8 when stimulated with IL-1ss and @entity1 , and @entity7 (10(-7)-10(-4) M), @entity6 (10(-7)-10(-4) M) and @entity9 (10(-5)-10(-2) M) induced concentration-dependent increases in @entity5 secretion. 3. Reduced secretion of @entity3 and @entity8 and increased cell apoptosis were observed with the highest concentrations of these non-selective NSAIDs. 4. No changes in any CSF release or HT-29 cell apoptosis were detected in the presence of the @entity4 selective inhibitor DFP (10(-7)-10(-4) M). 5. Neither the exogenous addition of CSFs nor the blockade of secreted CSFs modified apoptosis in HT-29 cells stimulated with cytokines and/or NSAIDs. 6. These results suggest that colon epithelial cells can contribute to local inflammatory responses by releasing CSFs and thus extend the life span of local leukocytes. Modulation of CSF levels by non-selective NSAIDs may be involved in the pro-inflammatory effects of these agents in the gut.

title: Relationship between endogenous colony stimulating factors and apoptosis in @entity0 XXXX cells: role of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) usage is associated with gastrointestinal inflammatory damage and aggravation of gut inflammatory conditions. NSAIDs also exert a preventive effect against @entity2 that seems to be due to increased colon cell apoptosis. NSAIDs have been shown to modulate the release of colony stimulating factors (CSFs) in some cells. In the present study we analysed the effect of these drugs on secretion of CSFs and apoptosis in @entity0 colon epithelial cells (HT-29). 2. HT-29 cells secreted bioactive levels of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity8 when stimulated with IL-1ss and @entity1 , and @entity7 (10(-7)-10(-4) M), @entity6 (10(-7)-10(-4) M) and @entity9 (10(-5)-10(-2) M) induced concentration-dependent increases in @entity5 secretion. 3. Reduced secretion of @entity3 and @entity8 and increased cell apoptosis were observed with the highest concentrations of these non-selective NSAIDs. 4. No changes in any CSF release or HT-29 cell apoptosis were detected in the presence of the @entity4 selective inhibitor DFP (10(-7)-10(-4) M). 5. Neither the exogenous addition of CSFs nor the blockade of secreted CSFs modified apoptosis in HT-29 cells stimulated with cytokines and/or NSAIDs. 6. These results suggest that colon epithelial cells can contribute to local inflammatory responses by releasing CSFs and thus extend the life span of local leukocytes. Modulation of CSF levels by non-selective NSAIDs may be involved in the pro-inflammatory effects of these agents in the gut.

title: Relationship between endogenous colony stimulating factors and apoptosis in XXXX @entity2 cells: role of cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity1 rate, causative dermatophytes, and dermatophyte dissemination of @entity4 in young healthy Japanese were studied by direct microscopic examination, slant cultures, and foot-press culture method. Questionnaires on subjective symptoms and treatments were also distributed. Among fifty-eight medical students with a mean age of 23.9 years, thirteen (22.4%) showed positive by direct microscopic examination and @entity3 was more dominant than @entity2 by slant cultures. In one hundred and sixteen student feet, twelve were @entity1 and disseminating dermatophytes, four were @entity1 but not disseminating, three were not @entity1 but adhering dermatophytes. The @entity1 rate of @entity4 was thus 24.1%. Among thirty-seven research workers (mean age: 34.8), twenty-one (56.8%) showed positive by direct microscopic examination. All the dermatophytes isolated by slant cultures were @entity3 . In seventy-four feet, twenty-nine were @entity1 and disseminating, ten were @entity1 but not disseminating, and three were adhering dermatophytes. The @entity1 rate was 64.9%. Among thirty-one females wearing boots (mean age: 21.0), seven (22.6%) were @entity1 and @entity3 was more dominant. In sixty-two feet, eight were @entity1 and disseminating, one was @entity1 but not disseminating, and five were adhering dermatophytes. The @entity1 rate of @entity4 was quite high and T.r/T.m rate was low in the three groups. Most of the @entity0 had had no treatment and were disseminating dermatophytes.

title: [Epidemiological investigation of XXXX in groups of healthy students, research workers and females wearing boots].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Sakai Municipal Hospital. A total of 40 outpatients with @entity2 unguium of the toenails, fingernails or both took part after giving voluntary written informed consent. Inclusion criteria were suggestive clinical appearance, a positive KOH preparation and an opaqueness of more than 50% of the nail length. The @entity0 received 125 mg @entity4 once a day. The medication was taken after the evening meal and treatment was continued for 12 weeks. Medication stopped in twenty @entity0 who responded well and a follow-up study was continued for 64 weeks. In the other 20 @entity0 , medication was continued for 24 weeks and the follow-up study continued for 64 weeks. At 4-week intervals, the @entity0 were evaluated for their clinical and mycological statuses and adverse reactions. Clipping of distal nail samples, including any attached subungual tissue, was done using nail clippers at 4-week intervals after cessation of therapy and the level of @entity4 was measured in the laboratory. No adverse reactions were detected. Tinea unguium of fingernails (1) and the third toes (2) were cured easily in the short term in the 12 week therapy group. One case in the 24 week therapy group was excluded because systemic @entity1 therapy was started for bullous pemphigoid at 32 weeks. The results of treatment of big toe @entity3 were compared between the 12 week (17) and the 24 week (19). In the former group, 9 (52.9%) showed complete cure and 8 (47.1%) showed relapse or worse after cessation of therapy was. In 24 week therapy group, complete cure was achieved in 14 (73.7%) and relapse or worse in 5 (26.3%). The cure rate between the 2 groups was statistically not significant. @entity4 was detected in the target nails up to 24 weeks after cessation of medication in both groups. @entity3 or @entity2 pedis reappeared in a few cases 12 to 16 weeks after medication ceased in the 12 week group. Topical antimycological therapy is necessary after cessation of oral @entity4 .

title: [Treatment of @entity2 unguium with XXXX : an open study comparing twelve weeks and twenty-four weeks of continuous @entity4 therapy, and determination of @entity4 level in the target nails].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Sakai Municipal Hospital. A total of 40 outpatients with @entity2 unguium of the toenails, fingernails or both took part after giving voluntary written informed consent. Inclusion criteria were suggestive clinical appearance, a positive KOH preparation and an opaqueness of more than 50% of the nail length. The @entity0 received 125 mg @entity4 once a day. The medication was taken after the evening meal and treatment was continued for 12 weeks. Medication stopped in twenty @entity0 who responded well and a follow-up study was continued for 64 weeks. In the other 20 @entity0 , medication was continued for 24 weeks and the follow-up study continued for 64 weeks. At 4-week intervals, the @entity0 were evaluated for their clinical and mycological statuses and adverse reactions. Clipping of distal nail samples, including any attached subungual tissue, was done using nail clippers at 4-week intervals after cessation of therapy and the level of @entity4 was measured in the laboratory. No adverse reactions were detected. Tinea unguium of fingernails (1) and the third toes (2) were cured easily in the short term in the 12 week therapy group. One case in the 24 week therapy group was excluded because systemic @entity1 therapy was started for bullous pemphigoid at 32 weeks. The results of treatment of big toe @entity3 were compared between the 12 week (17) and the 24 week (19). In the former group, 9 (52.9%) showed complete cure and 8 (47.1%) showed relapse or worse after cessation of therapy was. In 24 week therapy group, complete cure was achieved in 14 (73.7%) and relapse or worse in 5 (26.3%). The cure rate between the 2 groups was statistically not significant. @entity4 was detected in the target nails up to 24 weeks after cessation of medication in both groups. @entity3 or @entity2 pedis reappeared in a few cases 12 to 16 weeks after medication ceased in the 12 week group. Topical antimycological therapy is necessary after cessation of oral @entity4 .

title: [Treatment of @entity2 unguium with @entity4 : an open study comparing twelve weeks and twenty-four weeks of continuous XXXX therapy, and determination of @entity4 level in the target nails].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Sakai Municipal Hospital. A total of 40 outpatients with @entity2 unguium of the toenails, fingernails or both took part after giving voluntary written informed consent. Inclusion criteria were suggestive clinical appearance, a positive KOH preparation and an opaqueness of more than 50% of the nail length. The @entity0 received 125 mg @entity4 once a day. The medication was taken after the evening meal and treatment was continued for 12 weeks. Medication stopped in twenty @entity0 who responded well and a follow-up study was continued for 64 weeks. In the other 20 @entity0 , medication was continued for 24 weeks and the follow-up study continued for 64 weeks. At 4-week intervals, the @entity0 were evaluated for their clinical and mycological statuses and adverse reactions. Clipping of distal nail samples, including any attached subungual tissue, was done using nail clippers at 4-week intervals after cessation of therapy and the level of @entity4 was measured in the laboratory. No adverse reactions were detected. Tinea unguium of fingernails (1) and the third toes (2) were cured easily in the short term in the 12 week therapy group. One case in the 24 week therapy group was excluded because systemic @entity1 therapy was started for bullous pemphigoid at 32 weeks. The results of treatment of big toe @entity3 were compared between the 12 week (17) and the 24 week (19). In the former group, 9 (52.9%) showed complete cure and 8 (47.1%) showed relapse or worse after cessation of therapy was. In 24 week therapy group, complete cure was achieved in 14 (73.7%) and relapse or worse in 5 (26.3%). The cure rate between the 2 groups was statistically not significant. @entity4 was detected in the target nails up to 24 weeks after cessation of medication in both groups. @entity3 or @entity2 pedis reappeared in a few cases 12 to 16 weeks after medication ceased in the 12 week group. Topical antimycological therapy is necessary after cessation of oral @entity4 .

title: [Treatment of @entity2 unguium with @entity4 : an open study comparing twelve weeks and twenty-four weeks of continuous @entity4 therapy, and determination of XXXX level in the target nails].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Sakai Municipal Hospital. A total of 40 outpatients with @entity2 unguium of the toenails, fingernails or both took part after giving voluntary written informed consent. Inclusion criteria were suggestive clinical appearance, a positive KOH preparation and an opaqueness of more than 50% of the nail length. The @entity0 received 125 mg @entity4 once a day. The medication was taken after the evening meal and treatment was continued for 12 weeks. Medication stopped in twenty @entity0 who responded well and a follow-up study was continued for 64 weeks. In the other 20 @entity0 , medication was continued for 24 weeks and the follow-up study continued for 64 weeks. At 4-week intervals, the @entity0 were evaluated for their clinical and mycological statuses and adverse reactions. Clipping of distal nail samples, including any attached subungual tissue, was done using nail clippers at 4-week intervals after cessation of therapy and the level of @entity4 was measured in the laboratory. No adverse reactions were detected. Tinea unguium of fingernails (1) and the third toes (2) were cured easily in the short term in the 12 week therapy group. One case in the 24 week therapy group was excluded because systemic @entity1 therapy was started for bullous pemphigoid at 32 weeks. The results of treatment of big toe @entity3 were compared between the 12 week (17) and the 24 week (19). In the former group, 9 (52.9%) showed complete cure and 8 (47.1%) showed relapse or worse after cessation of therapy was. In 24 week therapy group, complete cure was achieved in 14 (73.7%) and relapse or worse in 5 (26.3%). The cure rate between the 2 groups was statistically not significant. @entity4 was detected in the target nails up to 24 weeks after cessation of medication in both groups. @entity3 or @entity2 pedis reappeared in a few cases 12 to 16 weeks after medication ceased in the 12 week group. Topical antimycological therapy is necessary after cessation of oral @entity4 .

title: [Treatment of XXXX unguium with @entity4 : an open study comparing twelve weeks and twenty-four weeks of continuous @entity4 therapy, and determination of @entity4 level in the target nails].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a @entity1 resulting from homozygous loss of the @entity5 gene. @entity6 , a nearly identical copy gene, is preserved in @entity3 @entity0 . A single @entity2 difference between @entity5 and @entity6 causes exon 7 skipping in the majority of @entity6 mRNA. Gene therapy through modulation of @entity6 gene transcription in @entity3 @entity0 may be possible. We constructed a series of @entity5 mini-genes comprised of @entity5 exon 6 to exon 8 sequences fused to green fluorescence protein (GFP) or luciferase reporters, to monitor @entity5 exon 7 splicing. These reporters recapitulated the splicing patterns of the endogenous @entity5 gene in stable cell lines. The @entity5 -luciferase reporter was approximately 3.5-fold more active than @entity6 -luciferase and @entity5 -GFP intensities were visually distinguishable from @entity6 -GFP. We have screened chemical inducers and inhibitors of kinase pathways using stable @entity5 -reporter lines and found that the phosphatase inhibitor @entity4 specifically stimulated exon 7 inclusion within @entity6 mRNAs. This is the first compound identified that can stimulate exon 7 inclusion into transcripts derived from the endogenous @entity6 gene. These results demonstrate that this system can be utilized to identify small molecules that regulate the splicing of @entity5 exon 7.

title: An in vivo reporter system for measuring increased inclusion of exon 7 in @entity6 mRNA: potential therapy of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a @entity1 resulting from homozygous loss of the @entity5 gene. @entity6 , a nearly identical copy gene, is preserved in @entity3 @entity0 . A single @entity2 difference between @entity5 and @entity6 causes exon 7 skipping in the majority of @entity6 mRNA. Gene therapy through modulation of @entity6 gene transcription in @entity3 @entity0 may be possible. We constructed a series of @entity5 mini-genes comprised of @entity5 exon 6 to exon 8 sequences fused to green fluorescence protein (GFP) or luciferase reporters, to monitor @entity5 exon 7 splicing. These reporters recapitulated the splicing patterns of the endogenous @entity5 gene in stable cell lines. The @entity5 -luciferase reporter was approximately 3.5-fold more active than @entity6 -luciferase and @entity5 -GFP intensities were visually distinguishable from @entity6 -GFP. We have screened chemical inducers and inhibitors of kinase pathways using stable @entity5 -reporter lines and found that the phosphatase inhibitor @entity4 specifically stimulated exon 7 inclusion within @entity6 mRNAs. This is the first compound identified that can stimulate exon 7 inclusion into transcripts derived from the endogenous @entity6 gene. These results demonstrate that this system can be utilized to identify small molecules that regulate the splicing of @entity5 exon 7.

title: An in vivo reporter system for measuring increased inclusion of exon 7 in XXXX mRNA: potential therapy of @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The evolutionarily conserved Runt homology domain is characteristic of the RUNX family of heterodimeric eukaryotic transcription factors, including @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity7 . The genes for @entity5 , also termed acute @entity3 protein 1, @entity5 , and its dimerization partner core-binding factor beta, @entity8 , are essential for hematopoietic development and are together the most common targets for gene rearrangements in acute @entity0 @entity2 . Here, we describe the crystal structure of the uncomplexed @entity5 Runt domain at 1.25A resolution and compare its conformation to previously published structures in complex with DNA, @entity8 or both. We find that complex formation induces significant structural rearrangements in this immunoglobulin (Ig)-like DNA-binding domain. Most pronounced is the movement of loop L11, which changes from a closed conformation in the free Runt structure to an open conformation in the @entity8 -bound and DNA-bound forms. This transition, which we refer to as the S-switch, and accompanying structural movements that affect other parts of the Runt domain are crucial for sustained DNA binding. The closed to open transition can be induced by @entity8 alone; suggesting that one role of @entity8 is to trigger the S-switch and to stabilize the Runt domain in a conformation enhanced for DNA binding.A feature of the Runt domain hitherto unobserved in any Ig-like DNA-binding domain is the presence of two specifically bound @entity4 ions. One @entity4 ion is coordinated by @entity1 residues that make direct DNA contact. In a series of electrophoretic mobility-shift analyses, we demonstrate a @entity4 ion concentration-dependent stimulation of the DNA-binding activity of Runt in the physiological range. A comparable DNA-binding stimulation was observed for negatively charged @entity1 residues. This suggests a regulatory mechanism of RUNX proteins through acidic @entity1 residues provided by activation domains during cooperative interaction with other transcription factors.

title: The @entity5 Runt domain at 1.25A resolution: a structural switch and specifically bound XXXX ions modulate DNA binding.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The evolutionarily conserved Runt homology domain is characteristic of the RUNX family of heterodimeric eukaryotic transcription factors, including @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity7 . The genes for @entity5 , also termed acute @entity3 protein 1, @entity5 , and its dimerization partner core-binding factor beta, @entity8 , are essential for hematopoietic development and are together the most common targets for gene rearrangements in acute @entity0 @entity2 . Here, we describe the crystal structure of the uncomplexed @entity5 Runt domain at 1.25A resolution and compare its conformation to previously published structures in complex with DNA, @entity8 or both. We find that complex formation induces significant structural rearrangements in this immunoglobulin (Ig)-like DNA-binding domain. Most pronounced is the movement of loop L11, which changes from a closed conformation in the free Runt structure to an open conformation in the @entity8 -bound and DNA-bound forms. This transition, which we refer to as the S-switch, and accompanying structural movements that affect other parts of the Runt domain are crucial for sustained DNA binding. The closed to open transition can be induced by @entity8 alone; suggesting that one role of @entity8 is to trigger the S-switch and to stabilize the Runt domain in a conformation enhanced for DNA binding.A feature of the Runt domain hitherto unobserved in any Ig-like DNA-binding domain is the presence of two specifically bound @entity4 ions. One @entity4 ion is coordinated by @entity1 residues that make direct DNA contact. In a series of electrophoretic mobility-shift analyses, we demonstrate a @entity4 ion concentration-dependent stimulation of the DNA-binding activity of Runt in the physiological range. A comparable DNA-binding stimulation was observed for negatively charged @entity1 residues. This suggests a regulatory mechanism of RUNX proteins through acidic @entity1 residues provided by activation domains during cooperative interaction with other transcription factors.

title: The XXXX Runt domain at 1.25A resolution: a structural switch and specifically bound @entity4 ions modulate DNA binding.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The aim of this study was to search for differences in the EEG of first-episode, drug-naive @entity0 having a @entity1 which presented different time courses in response to antipsychotic treatment. Thirteen @entity0 who fulfilled DSM-IV diagnosis for @entity1 or @entity2 participated in this study. Before beginning antipsychotic treatment, the EEG was recorded. On the same day psychopathological ratings were assessed using the ADMDP system, and again after 7 and 28 days of treatment. The resting EEG (19 leads) was subject to spectral analysis involving power values for six frequency bands. The score for the @entity1 was used to divide the @entity0 into two groups: those who displayed a clinically meaningful improvement of this syndrome (reduction of more than 30%) after 7 days of treatment (early responders, ER) and those who showed this improvement after 28 days (late responders. LR). Analysis of variance for repeated measures between ER, LR and their matched controls with the 19 EEG leads yielded highly significant differences for the factor group in the alpha2 and @entity3 frequency band. No difference was found between the slow-wave frequency bands. Compared to controls the LR group showed significantly higher alpha2 and @entity3 power and, in comparison to the ER group, significantly higher alpha2 power. There were no significant differences between the ER and the control group. These findings point to differences in brain physiology between ER and LR. The implications for diagnosis and treatment are discussed.

title: Differences in the EEG profiles of early and late responders to antipsychotic treatment in first-episode, drug-naive psychotic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective was to test the efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for treatment of @entity4 in a Xenograft nude @entity2 model. METHODS: A total of 65 athymic @entity2 were inoculated subcutaneously with 5 to 7 x 10(6) ELT-5B cells, a @entity4 cell line derived from the Eker @entity3 . Thirty animals showed @entity1 growth. The @entity1 volume was measured transcutaneously once a week. Animals were randomly assigned to three groups: HIFU treatment (n = 17), sham treatment (n = 7), and control (n = 6). A HIFU device, operating at a frequency of 2.0 MHz and an intensity of 2000 W/cm(2), was used for treatment. RESULTS: Within 3 weeks of a single HIFU treatment, 100% reduction in @entity1 volume was observed in all animals, except one. A second HIFU treatment was applied to that animal, resulting in 100% reduction in @entity1 volume. The @entity1 in the sham-treated animals continued to grow at a similar rate to that of the control group to approximately 500% of the @entity1 volume at the time of treatment. All animals were monitored for a maximum of 3 months. No @entity0 was observed in the HIFU-treated animals. Histological examination confirmed a complete @entity1 disappearance after HIFU treatment. CONCLUSION: We have shown that HIFU can effectively treat @entity4 tumors inoculated in Xenograft @entity2 , demonstrating HIFU's potential use for treatment of recurrent @entity4 .

title: XXXX in a xenograft nude @entity2 model using high-intensity focused ultrasound: a potential treatment modality for recurrent pelvic disease.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective was to test the efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for treatment of @entity4 in a Xenograft nude @entity2 model. METHODS: A total of 65 athymic @entity2 were inoculated subcutaneously with 5 to 7 x 10(6) ELT-5B cells, a @entity4 cell line derived from the Eker @entity3 . Thirty animals showed @entity1 growth. The @entity1 volume was measured transcutaneously once a week. Animals were randomly assigned to three groups: HIFU treatment (n = 17), sham treatment (n = 7), and control (n = 6). A HIFU device, operating at a frequency of 2.0 MHz and an intensity of 2000 W/cm(2), was used for treatment. RESULTS: Within 3 weeks of a single HIFU treatment, 100% reduction in @entity1 volume was observed in all animals, except one. A second HIFU treatment was applied to that animal, resulting in 100% reduction in @entity1 volume. The @entity1 in the sham-treated animals continued to grow at a similar rate to that of the control group to approximately 500% of the @entity1 volume at the time of treatment. All animals were monitored for a maximum of 3 months. No @entity0 was observed in the HIFU-treated animals. Histological examination confirmed a complete @entity1 disappearance after HIFU treatment. CONCLUSION: We have shown that HIFU can effectively treat @entity4 tumors inoculated in Xenograft @entity2 , demonstrating HIFU's potential use for treatment of recurrent @entity4 .

title: @entity4 in a xenograft nude XXXX model using high-intensity focused ultrasound: a potential treatment modality for recurrent pelvic disease.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 in @entity2 , notably dampened during sleep, are associated with @entity5 of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), whose origin is controversial. We have studied, on non-anaesthetized head-restrained @entity1 , the STN spontaneous unit activity and the one of its principal GABAergic afferents, the globus pallidus (GP). In normal @entity1 , STN neurons shifted from a random discharge in wakefulness (W) to a bursting pattern in @entity0 ( @entity0 ), without any change in their mean firing rate. In contrast GP neurons, with a mean firing rate higher in W than in @entity0 , exhibited a relatively regular discharge rate whatever the vigilance state. During @entity0 , both STN and GP neurons increased markedly their firing rate. When applied during W, @entity4 -A antagonists increased the STN firing rate but did not change the typical W random pattern. When applied during @entity0 , they strongly reinforced the spontaneous burst pattern into a particularly marked one with instantaneous frequencies reaching 500Hz. @entity0 -W transitions occurring during ongoing antagonist iontophoresis invariably disrupted this burst pattern into a random one. On @entity6 unilaterally treated @entity1 , the ipsilateral STN was hyperactive whatever the vigilance state (with an abnormal burst pattern during W on some neurons), but this @entity5 did not seem to be associated with a @entity7 . These results show that STN activity is not inversely correlated with GP activity, that its discharge pattern is strongly dependent on vigilance states, that @entity4 receptors do not play an exclusive role in regulating its firing pattern, and question the depolarization block hypothesis during STN high frequency stimulation.

title: [Wakefulness and central basal nuclei: experimental observations and possible implications in XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Obstructive @entity8 is common and considered to be a risk factor for @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 . Accordingly, the presence of @entity8 is probably a predictor of @entity6 . Continuous positive airway pressure is an effective treatment of @entity2 . It has been demonstrated that such treatment improves @entity1 and quality-of-life. To determine mortality in @entity2 @entity0 treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure, we followed 296 @entity0 given continuous positive airway pressure for 11 years 6 months. At the end of the study 26 of the 296 @entity0 had died, mainly from @entity4 . Mortality was 7% (95% confidence interval: 3%-9%) at 5 years. Three independent factors of @entity6 identified by forward stepwise selection were included in a Cox analysis. These factors were 1) smoking as a categorical covariate (>30 pack-years), 2) age and 3) forced expiratory volume in 1 s. When the 52 @entity0 with an associated @entity9 (forced expiratory volume in 1 s/vital capacity<0.65) with @entity2 were excluded form analysis, mortality of the 244 remailing @entity0 was 2% at 5 years, a rate observed in the general population. Subsequently, it appears that nasal continuous positive airway pressure corrects for the risk of @entity6 suspected in @entity2 @entity0 . @entity2 @entity0 treated with continuous positive airway pressure is near to that of the general population, particularly when @entity0 with an associated chronic @entity10 are excluded.

title: [Mortality in treated XXXX ].

answer: @entity8


abstract: An adapted GH dose regimen was evaluated in 14 untreated @entity0 with @entity2 . The initial GH dose (0.7 U/kg.BW) was increased by 0.7 U/kg.BW, up to a maximum of 2.1 U/kg.BW, when growth velocity (GV) declined to less than 200% of the pretreatment level. These @entity0 were compared to a group of 17 @entity0 with similar initial characteristics, who received a fixed dose of 0.9 U/kg.BW GH. Tolerance to both GH regimens was excellent. The adapted GH doses only partially prevented the waning effect observed with conventional doses of GH, and the initial goal of doubling GV was only achieved in 42% of the 112 @entity0 -semesters. Doubling the GH dose from 0.7 to 1.4 U/kg.BW increased the GV by 1.6 +/- 1.8 cm/yr (P < 0.006); increasing the GH dose from 1.4 to 2.1 U/kg.BW increased GV by 0.8 +/- 1.3 cm/yr (P = NS). The overall height gain during the 4-yr trial was 25.6 +/- 3.9 cm in the adapted dose group and 21.8 +/- 3.9 cm in the conventional group (P < 0.02). Final height (FH) results were obtained in 12 of 14 @entity0 in the adapted dose group and all 17 @entity0 in the conventional group and compared to the predicted FH using Lyon's method. The estimated height benefit was 10.6 +/- 3.8 cm in the adapted dose group compared to 5.2 +/- 3.7 cm in the conventional group (P < 0.01). Eighty-three percent of the @entity0 in the adapted dose group had an FH superior or equal to -2 SD score for the general population compared to 29% in the conventional group. In conclusion, a marked increment in the GH dose in @entity0 with @entity2 associated with a relatively late age at introduction of @entity1 therapy brought 83% of the @entity0 into the lower range of the normal height distribution of the general population.

title: Near normalization of final height with adapted doses of growth hormone in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 is associated with high rates of postoperative recurrence. At 10 years after surgery a high percentage of @entity0 suffer recurrence (as many as 75% and above) and many of these (up to 45%) require re-intervention. The aim of the study was to identify, amongst the various "potential predictive factors", those which today should be considered "real risk factors" for postoperative recurrence. METHODS: A review of literature of the last 30 years was carried out. A medical literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, Ovid Journals, Science Direct, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Potential risk factors related to the @entity0 , disease, type of surgery and pharmacological treatment were analyzed. RESULTS: According to most Authors predictive factors, in addition to smoke, are also represented by an extent of disease superior to 100  cm and by absence of postoperative pharmacological treatment. Moreover, according to "the second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and the management of @entity1 : Special situations", localization of disease in the colon, penetrative behavior of disease, extensive small bowel resection and prior intestinal surgery should also be considered predictive factors. CONCLUSIONS: The high incidence of postoperative recurrence in @entity1 mandates a strict follow up (clinical, laboratory and instrumental monitoring). Identifying @entity0 with increased risk would enable physicians to plan a surveillance program and to implement a rational therapeutic prophylaxis.

title: Post-operative recurrence in XXXX . Critical analysis of potential risk factors. An update.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Peripheral blood fibrocytes are a newly identified leukocyte subpopulation that displays fibroblast-like properties. These blood-borne cells can rapidly enter the site of injury at the same time as circulating inflammatory cells. We hypothesize that circulating fibrocytes represent an important source of fibroblasts for healing of extensive burn wounds where it may be difficult for fibroblasts to migrate from the edges of uninjured tissue. In this study we identified and quantified fibrocytes among the adherent cells cultured from @entity0 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from 18 burn @entity0 and 12 normal individuals, based on their ability to express type I collagen. Our results showed that adherent cells cultured from PBMC of burn @entity0 differentiated to fibrocytes more efficiently than did those from normal individuals. The percentage of type I collagen-positive fibrocytes was significantly higher for @entity0 than for controls (89.7 +/- 7.9% versus 69.9 +/- 14.7%, p < 0.001). This percentage was consistently higher for @entity0 with a >/=30% total body surface area burn until 1 year, with the highest percentage appearing within 3 weeks of injury. A positive correlation was found between the levels of serum @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and the percentage of fibrocytes developing in the cultures of PBMC derived from these @entity0 . We also demonstrated that fibrocytes were derived from @entity3 (+) cells but not @entity3 (-) cells. Conditioned medium from @entity3 (-) cells was, however, required for fibrocyte differentiation, whereas direct contact between @entity3 (-) and @entity3 (+) cells was not necessary. Treatment of the cell cultures with @entity2 enhanced the development of collagen-positive cells, whereas the inclusion of neutralizing anti- @entity2 antibodies in the @entity3 (-) conditioned medium suppressed fibrocyte differentiation. These data suggest that the development of fibrocytes is up-regulated systemically in burn @entity0 . Increased @entity2 in serum stimulates the differentiation of the @entity3 (+) cell population in PBMC into collagen-producing cells that may be important in wound healing and @entity1 .

title: Peripheral blood fibrocytes from burn XXXX : identification and quantification of fibrocytes in adherent cells cultured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 3-year-old Filipino-American @entity0 with recurrent @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity3 , and @entity5 , was found to have a hemoglobin F level of 76.9%. His reticulocyte count was elevated (4.3%), and erythroblasts were present in his peripheral blood. The @entity0 's erythrocytes were microcytic (MCV 66.9 fl) but his serum ferritin level was normal. His bone marrow at initial presentation demonstrated normal cellularity without an increase in blast cells. The disease progressed with worsening @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 , with increased blasts in his marrow and the appearance of a mediastinal mass. His liver, spleen, and lymph nodes were found to be infiltrated with myeloblasts, supporting a diagnosis of @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Analysis of the @entity0 's Hb F showed a Ggamma/Agamma ratio of 2.2, which was within the characteristic range for @entity7 . A globin synthesis study using blood reticulocytes showed an alpha/non-alpha globin synthesis ratio of 2.24, typical of severe homozygous @entity6 . Southern blot analysis of blood-leukocyte DNA from the @entity0 and his parents demonstrated no apparent abnormality in the beta-globin gene promoter or coding regions. The elevated level of Hb F in this @entity0 with @entity7 appeared to be part of an acquired @entity6 -like hematologic phenotype.

title: @entity7 ( XXXX ) with the hematologic phenotype of severe @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: A 3-year-old Filipino-American @entity0 with recurrent @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity3 , and @entity5 , was found to have a hemoglobin F level of 76.9%. His reticulocyte count was elevated (4.3%), and erythroblasts were present in his peripheral blood. The @entity0 's erythrocytes were microcytic (MCV 66.9 fl) but his serum ferritin level was normal. His bone marrow at initial presentation demonstrated normal cellularity without an increase in blast cells. The disease progressed with worsening @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 , with increased blasts in his marrow and the appearance of a mediastinal mass. His liver, spleen, and lymph nodes were found to be infiltrated with myeloblasts, supporting a diagnosis of @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Analysis of the @entity0 's Hb F showed a Ggamma/Agamma ratio of 2.2, which was within the characteristic range for @entity7 . A globin synthesis study using blood reticulocytes showed an alpha/non-alpha globin synthesis ratio of 2.24, typical of severe homozygous @entity6 . Southern blot analysis of blood-leukocyte DNA from the @entity0 and his parents demonstrated no apparent abnormality in the beta-globin gene promoter or coding regions. The elevated level of Hb F in this @entity0 with @entity7 appeared to be part of an acquired @entity6 -like hematologic phenotype.

title: XXXX ( @entity7 ) with the hematologic phenotype of severe @entity6 .

answer: @entity7