abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) associated with antibiotic prophylaxis with @entity6 in cardiac surgery. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. Data were gathered from @entity0 charts and national registers. SETTING: University hospital. @entity0 : All adult @entity0 who underwent cardiac surgery at the authors' institution between January 1, 2010 and July 31, 2013 were eligible for the study. INTERVENTIONS: The risk for @entity3 associated with @entity6 prophylaxis was estimated by multivariate logistic regression. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The primary endpoint, @entity3 , was defined according to the @entity3 Network criteria stage 1, as an increase of postoperative serum @entity4 by>= 26  mol/L (>= 0.3 mg/dL) or a relative increase of>= 50% compared to the preoperative value. The authors included 2,809 @entity0 , and 1,056 (38%) received a combination of @entity6 and @entity5 for antibiotic prophylaxis. The remaining 1,753 (62%) @entity0 received only @entity5 and constituted the control group. @entity3 occurred in 32% (n = 343) in the @entity6 group compared to 29% (n = 517) in the control group. There was a significant association between antibiotic prophylaxis with @entity6 and @entity3 ; multivariate adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.70). There was a dose-dependent relationship; 600 mg OR: 1.48 (95% CI 1.17-1.87), and 400 mg OR: 1.34 (95% CI 1.06-1.71). The findings were confirmed in several subgroup analyses; @entity0 (OR: 1.27; 95% CI 1.03-1.56); @entity0 (OR: 1.90; 95% CI 1.30-2.80); normal renal function (OR: 1.31; 95% CI 1.07-1.60), and @entity2 (OR: 1.80; 95% CI 1.13-2.85). CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic prophylaxis with @entity6 was associated with an increased risk of @entity3 after cardiac surgery. The relative risk of @entity3 was higher in @entity0 and in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Antibiotic Prophylaxis by @entity6 and Risk of XXXX in Cardiac Surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is one of the most recent advances of surgery for treating @entity3 . Many laparoscopic devices have evolved to provide vascular control and tissue dissection. METHODS: This is a prospective randomized study comparing the intraoperative and @entity1 and operative time of two groups of @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. In the first group after randomization, sleeve gastrectomy was performed using Ligasure    and in the second group Harmonic @entity2   was used. RESULTS: In total, 94 @entity0 were enrolled in the study allocated in two groups. In group 1, 43 @entity0 were operated using Ligasure   , and in group 2, 51 @entity0 were operated using Harmonic @entity2  . No significant differences were highlighted between these two groups with regards to operative time (45.0        15.0 vs 40.0        20.0  min, p   =   0.199), intraoperative complications (32.6 vs 15.7  %, p   =   0.054) and @entity1 (4.7 vs 17.6  %, p   =   0.051). CONCLUSIONS: Both Ligasure    and Harmonic @entity2   provide surgeons ergonomy, and no significant differences were shown in operative time and complications. Safety and efficacy in such demanding operations is of critical importance. Choice between these two shears lies with surgeon's preference.

title: Using Ligasure    or Harmonic XXXX   in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomies? A Prospective Randomized Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate cellular immune function and its clinical significance in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: 45 @entity6 @entity0 were divided into three groups:newly diagnosed (n=18), stable stage (n=17) and relapsed/refractory (n=10). The frequencies of T cell subtypes, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DC), helper T cells (including @entity5 and Th2), regulatory T cells(Treg) and Th17 cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Serum concentrations of @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity4 dehydrogenase (LDH) and hemoglobin (Hb) were also detected, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with controls and stable stage group, the ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 +, DC1/ @entity9 , and @entity5 /Th2, the numbers of Treg and NK cells were significantly lower in newly diagnosed group. However, the ratio of @entity7 /Treg was significantly higher in newly diagnosed group (P<0.05). Compared with stable stage group, the ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 +, DC1/ @entity9 and @entity5 /Th2 were significantly lower, and the ratio of @entity7 /Treg was significantly higher in relapsed/refractory group (P<0.05). In higher ISS stages, the ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 + and @entity5 /Th2 were significantly lower and the ratio of @entity7 /Treg was significantly higher (P<0.05). There were negative correlations between the ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 +, DC1/ @entity9 , @entity5 /Th2 and the levels of @entity8 and LDH, respectively (P<0.05). The ratio of @entity7 /Treg was positively correlated with the levels of @entity8 and LDH (P<0.05). They were no correlated with the level of Hb (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The abnormal ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 +, DC1/ @entity9 , @entity5 /Th2 and @entity7 /Treg were closely related with @entity1 stages, treatment outcomes, progression and prognosis in @entity6 @entity0 .

title: [Cellular immune function and its clinical implications in 45 @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate cellular immune function and its clinical significance in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: 45 @entity6 @entity0 were divided into three groups:newly diagnosed (n=18), stable stage (n=17) and relapsed/refractory (n=10). The frequencies of T cell subtypes, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DC), helper T cells (including @entity5 and Th2), regulatory T cells(Treg) and Th17 cells in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Serum concentrations of @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity4 dehydrogenase (LDH) and hemoglobin (Hb) were also detected, respectively. RESULTS: Compared with controls and stable stage group, the ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 +, DC1/ @entity9 , and @entity5 /Th2, the numbers of Treg and NK cells were significantly lower in newly diagnosed group. However, the ratio of @entity7 /Treg was significantly higher in newly diagnosed group (P<0.05). Compared with stable stage group, the ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 +, DC1/ @entity9 and @entity5 /Th2 were significantly lower, and the ratio of @entity7 /Treg was significantly higher in relapsed/refractory group (P<0.05). In higher ISS stages, the ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 + and @entity5 /Th2 were significantly lower and the ratio of @entity7 /Treg was significantly higher (P<0.05). There were negative correlations between the ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 +, DC1/ @entity9 , @entity5 /Th2 and the levels of @entity8 and LDH, respectively (P<0.05). The ratio of @entity7 /Treg was positively correlated with the levels of @entity8 and LDH (P<0.05). They were no correlated with the level of Hb (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The abnormal ratios of @entity2 +/ @entity3 +, DC1/ @entity9 , @entity5 /Th2 and @entity7 /Treg were closely related with @entity1 stages, treatment outcomes, progression and prognosis in @entity6 @entity0 .

title: [Cellular immune function and its clinical implications in 45 XXXX with @entity6 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the @entity0 ' characteristics and efficacy of prognosis evaluation by International Prognosis Scoring System (IPSS) and Revised International Prognosis Scoring System (IPSS-R) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: Prognostic value of IPSS and IPSS-R was evaluated on clinical data from 159 @entity2 @entity0 , according to WHO classification. RESULTS: With a median age of 44 years (range:15-80 years), @entity2 @entity0 had the frequency of 38.56% with abnormal karyotype, including the most common abnormality +8 (20/153, 12.6%). 34 of 142 @entity0 transformed into @entity1 . Age and the level of b2 micro-globulin were the prognostic factors by multivariate analysis and IPSS-R had a better prognostic significance. The differences in cumulative survival between IPSS subgroups were significant (P<0.05) except that between low- and intermediate I-risk group (P>0.05). There were statistical differences for IPSS-R low risk group vs high or very high risk group, and intermediate risk group vs high or very high risk group (P<0.05). IPSS-R enables IPSS subgroups re-stratification and split IPSS intermediate I-risk group into two subgroups with different prognosis. CONCLUSION: There were significant differences in age of onset, distribution of prognosis scoring system subgroups and abnormal karyotype compared with those in Europe and America. The proportion of higher risk (worse than good karyotype) in IPSS-R was higher than that in Europe and America. Age and the level of b2 micro-globulin were prognostic factors. Both IPSS and IPSS-R were applicable in Chinese @entity2 @entity0 and the latter performed better. Applying IPSS-R to re-stratify IPSS subgroups helps evaluate prognosis more accurately and improve treatment outcomes.

title: [A comparable analysis of IPSS and IPSS-R for evaluating prognosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 ( @entity4 ) is traditionally thought of as a congenital diagnosis. In recent years, there has been infrequent reports of this @entity3 presenting as de novo entities. METHODS: The authors report two cases of pediatric @entity0 who present with de novo cerebral AVMs. In both cases, the @entity0 had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain done as part of the work-up for first-onset @entity2 . At that point in time, the scans were unremarkable. After a latent period of approximately 6 and 9  years respectively, a repeated MRI brain scan showed evidence of de novo @entity4 for each @entity0 . RESULTS: Both @entity0 did not have radiological evidence of @entity5 during their first presentation of @entity2 . However, a repeated MRI brain scan after a period of 6 and 9  years demonstrated new findings of @entity5 for each @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Currently, the disease of cerebral de novo @entity4 remain as an ambiguous condition that is poorly understood. With the advances in molecular diagnostics, there are possibilities of exploring biochemical profiles for better understanding of the origin of cerebral AVMs. However, in the meantime, owing to the unpredictable nature of cerebral AVMs, clinicians should have increased awareness of this unique condition. This is especially important, as definitive treatment is available to prevent devastating @entity1 from @entity5 .

title: Pediatric de novo XXXX : report of two cases and review of literature.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Obesity prevalence is nearly double among individuals with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), including @entity2 spectrum disorders, @entity3 , or major @entity4 , compared with the general population. Emerging mobile health (m-health) technologies are increasingly available and offer the potential to support lifestyle interventions targeting @entity5 , yet the practical feasibility of using these technologies in this high-risk group has not been established. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of popular m-health technologies for activity tracking among overweight and @entity1 individuals with @entity6 . We provided wearable activity monitoring devices (FitBit [San Francisco, CA] @entity7    or Nike Inc. [Beaverton, OR] FuelBand) and smartphones (Apple [Cupertino, CA] iPhone(  ) 4S) for accessing the smartphone application for each device to @entity0 with @entity6 enrolled in a @entity5 program. Feasibility of these devices was measured by the frequency of use over time. Acceptability was measured through qualitative follow-up interviews with @entity0 . Ten @entity0 with @entity6 wore the devices for a mean of 89% (standard deviation=13%) of the days in the study. Five @entity0 wore the devices 100% of the time. @entity0 reported high satisfaction, stating the devices were easy to use, helpful for setting goals, motivational, and useful for self-monitoring. Several @entity0 liked the social connectivity feature of the devices where they could see each other's progress on the smartphone application, noting that "friendly" competition increased motivation to be more physically active. This study supports using popular m-health technologies for activity tracking among individuals with @entity6 . These findings can inform the design of @entity5 interventions targeting this vulnerable @entity0 population.

title: Feasibility of Popular m-Health Technologies for Activity Tracking Among Individuals with Serious XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of treated preoperative @entity9 on the outcome of living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is not well defined. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of pre-transplant @entity9 within one month before LDLT and their impact on the post-transplant morbidity and mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 50 adult LDLT recipients between January 2009 and October 2011. @entity0 were divided into two groups based on whether they had episodes of @entity9 within one month before LDLT. RESULTS: There were 20 @entity0 who required antimicrobial therapy for pre-transplant infections. The pre-transplant infections comprised @entity4 (35%), @entity3 (10%), @entity2 (10%), @entity8 (5%), spontaneous @entity5 (5%), acute @entity7 (5%), @entity6 (5%), and empirical treatment (25%). @entity0 with pre-transplant infections had higher @entity0 -Pugh scores [median, 11 vs. 9.5, P<0.05] and model for @entity10 scores [median, 17.5 vs. 14, P<0.05] compared with the other @entity0 . There were no correlations between the pathogens involved in the pre-transplant infections and those involved in @entity1 . The incidence of @entity1 was higher in the pre-transplant infection group within one week after LDLT, but was almost the same within one month after LDLT. The one-year survival rates were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although pre-transplant infections are associated with a high risk of postoperative @entity9 shortly after LDLT, they did not affect the short-term outcome when they had been appropriately treated before transplantation.

title: The impact of treated XXXX within one month before living donor liver transplantation in adults.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Introduction. Most @entity0 admitted to the Intensive Care Units (ICU) receive antimicrobial treatment. A proper therapeutic strategy may be useful in decreasing inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatments. When the @entity1 is not microbiologically confirmed, the antimicrobial streamlining may be difficult. Nevertheless, there is scant information about the influence of the microbiological confirmation of the @entity1 on empirical antimicrobial treatment duration. Method. Post-hoc analysis of prospective data (ENVIN-UCI register) and observational study of @entity0 admitted (> 24 hours) in a medico-surgical ICU, through the three-months annual surveillance interval for a period of ten years, receiving antimicrobial treatment for treating an @entity1 . @entity1 and microbiological data were collected as well as empirical antimicrobial treatment and causes of adaptation. The main goal was to establish the influence of microbiological confirmation on empirical antimicrobial treatment duration. Results. During the study period 1,526 @entity0 were included, 1,260 @entity1 were diagnosed and an empirical antibiotic treatment was started in 1,754 cases. Infections were microbiologically confirmed in 1,073 (62.2%) of the empirical antibiotic treatment. In 593 (55.3%) cases, the antimicrobial treatment was considered appropriate. The main cause of treatment adaptation in the microbiologically confirmed @entity1 was streamlining (39%). The microbiological confirmation of the @entity1 was not associated with significantly shorter empirical antibiotic treatments (6.6    5.2 VS. 6.8    4.5 days). Conclusion. The microbiological confirmation of @entity1 in @entity0 admitted to UCI was associated with a higher reduction of antimicrobial spectrum, although had no effect on the length of empirical antimicrobial therapy.

title: [Empirical antimicrobial therapy in ICU admitted XXXX . Influence of microbiological confirmation on the length of treatment].

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Different pathological @entity2 and @entity4 can alter the magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) in brain tissue. The standard method to measure this effect is to scan the respective tissue twice, one with and one without a specific saturation pulse. A major drawback of this technique based on spoiled gradient echo (GRE) sequences relates to its long acquisition time due to the saturation pulses. Recently, an alternative concept for MT imaging based on balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) has been proposed. Modification of the duration of the radiofrequency pulses for imaging allows scanning MT sensitive and non-sensitive images. The steady-state character of bSSFP with high intrinsic signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) allows three-dimensional (3D) whole brain MTR at high spatial resolution within short and thus clinically feasible acquisition times. In the present study, both bSSFP-MT and 2D GRE-MT imaging were used in a cohort of 31 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) to characterize different normal appearing (NA) and pathological @entity3 . Under the constraint of identical SNR and scan time, a 3.4 times higher voxel size could be achieved with bSSFP. This increased resolution allowed a more accurate delineation of the different @entity3 , especially of cortex, hippocampus and @entity1 . In a multiple linear regression model, we found an association between MTR of @entity3 and a clinical measure of disability (r= -0.407, p=0.035) in the bSSFP dataset only. The different relaxation weighting of the base images (T2/T1 in bSSFP, proton density in GRE) had no effects besides a larger spreading of the MTR values of the different NA structures. This was demonstrated by the nearly perfect linearity between the NA matter MTR of both techniques as well as in the absolute MTR differences between NA matter and the respective lesions.

title: Comparison between balanced steady-state free precession and standard spoiled gradient echo magnetization transfer ratio imaging in XXXX : methodical and clinical considerations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Perspective taking is the ability to imagine what a scene looks like from a different viewpoint, which has been reported to be impaired in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study compared overhead and first- @entity0 view perspective taking abilities in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity2 . A newly developed Arena Perspective Taking Task (APTT), using an environment of a circular arena, was used to compare 23 @entity2 @entity0 and 38 @entity1 @entity0 with 18 healthy controls. The results were contrasted with a published perspective taking test (Standardized Road-Map Test of Direction Sense, RMTDS). The @entity2 group was @entity1 and first- @entity0 view APTT versions, but the impairment in the overhead view version applied specifically to @entity0 . @entity0 with aMCI were impaired in the first- @entity0 view but not in the overhead view version. Substantial sexual differences were found in the overhead but not in the first- @entity0 view APTT version. The RMTDS resembled both APTT versions: @entity0 with aMCI were impaired in this test and also @entity0 in both @entity0 groups were less accurate than @entity0 . Using the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the highest predictive power for @entity1 and @entity2 @entity0 diagnosis versus controls was observed for their success rate in the first- @entity0 view version. The results suggest distinction between overhead and first- @entity0 view perspective taking in the @entity1 @entity0 and the sex differences. The first- @entity0 view perspective taking is a potentially important candidate psychological marker for @entity2 .

title: Perspective taking abilities in amnestic @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Perspective taking is the ability to imagine what a scene looks like from a different viewpoint, which has been reported to be impaired in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study compared overhead and first- @entity0 view perspective taking abilities in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity2 . A newly developed Arena Perspective Taking Task (APTT), using an environment of a circular arena, was used to compare 23 @entity2 @entity0 and 38 @entity1 @entity0 with 18 healthy controls. The results were contrasted with a published perspective taking test (Standardized Road-Map Test of Direction Sense, RMTDS). The @entity2 group was @entity1 and first- @entity0 view APTT versions, but the impairment in the overhead view version applied specifically to @entity0 . @entity0 with aMCI were impaired in the first- @entity0 view but not in the overhead view version. Substantial sexual differences were found in the overhead but not in the first- @entity0 view APTT version. The RMTDS resembled both APTT versions: @entity0 with aMCI were impaired in this test and also @entity0 in both @entity0 groups were less accurate than @entity0 . Using the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the highest predictive power for @entity1 and @entity2 @entity0 diagnosis versus controls was observed for their success rate in the first- @entity0 view version. The results suggest distinction between overhead and first- @entity0 view perspective taking in the @entity1 @entity0 and the sex differences. The first- @entity0 view perspective taking is a potentially important candidate psychological marker for @entity2 .

title: Perspective taking abilities in amnestic XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) monitoring is the standard of care for @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and is used frequently. However, the efficacy of treatment based on the type of @entity3 monitor used for improving @entity0 outcome has not been assessed prospectively. This study explores whether the type of @entity3 monitoring device used affects the neurologic outcomes of @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: A prospective, observational study was conducted in 122 @entity0 with @entity2 >= 13 years old with indications for monitoring who were being treated in neurosurgical intensive care units between January 2009 and December 2012. All enrolled @entity0 required monitoring randomly using an external ventricular drain (EVD) or intraparenchymal fiberoptic monitor (IPM). @entity0 were placed into 2 groups depending on the type of monitoring device. Clinically relevant outcomes, refractory intracranial @entity1 , survival rates, and device-related complications were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: There was a significant between-group difference in the Glasgow Outcome Scale score 6 months after injury, which was the primary outcome. Refractory intracranial @entity1 was diagnosed in 44 of 122 @entity0 , and @entity0 monitored using IPM had a higher percentage of refractory intracranial @entity1 (51.7% vs. 21.0%, P < 0.001). The 1-month survival rate was 90.3% in the EVD group and 76.7% in the IPM group (log-rank test, P  = 0.04), and @entity0 managed with EVDs had a significantly higher 6-month postinjury survival rate compared with @entity0 treated with IPMs (88.7% vs. 68.3%, log-rank test, P  = 0.006). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in device-related complications (P  = 0.448). CONCLUSIONS: Device selection for @entity3 monitoring provides prognostic discrimination, and use of EVDs may have a bigger advantage in controlling refractory intracranial @entity1 . Based on our findings, we recommend routine placement of an EVD in @entity0 with @entity2 , unless only parenchymal-type monitoring is available.

title: External Ventricular Drains versus Intraparenchymal Intracranial Pressure Monitors in XXXX : A Prospective Observational Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In comparison with monotherapy in western medicine, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) advocates combinational therapy for treating diseases and @entity1 formula is a representative for this approach. Despite of extensive clinical applications of @entity1 formulae, knowledge about their pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action and cellular targets remains limited. A main contributing factor to these unanswered questions is unavailability of chemical compositions and their contents in the formulae. Several challenges hinder global qualitative and quantitative analysis of the formulae, including large quantities of constituents, potential physicochemical changes during decoction and lack of authentic standards. Herein we introduced an integrated strategy based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC- @entity0 ) systems to address such challenges. First, liquid chromatography-ion trap and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-IT/ @entity0 and LC-QTOF/ @entity0 ) were utilized to characterize chemical profiling of the formulae. Meanwhile, @entity0 (2) of IT/ @entity0 produced major parameters for derivative multiple reaction monitoring (DeMRM) on liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-TQ/ @entity0 ), which offered rapid and direct transition design in the quantitative assay. Instead of authentic standards, serial dilutions of single herbs were employed in this study to construct calibration curves necessary for calculating relative concentrations of components. Xiao-Banxia decoction and its four analogous formulae were then taken to exemplify the feasibility of currently proposed methodology. Among the 160 qualitatively identified components, a total of 138 components were semi-quantified for these decoctions. Based on these results, we demonstrated that co-decoction of different herbs could result in concentration variations of components and this effect was more prominent when certain herbs were combined. Our results indicated that the present strategy would significantly contribute to chemical studies on @entity1 and its utilities could be extended to other research fields, such as metabolomics and comparative chemistry.

title: Derivative multiple reaction monitoring and single herb calibration approach for multiple components quantification of XXXX analogous formulae.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 following ischaemic accidents of the left posterior cerebral artery is often associated with @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity1 and elements of visuoverbal disconnection, with the result that some authors reject the notion of @entity2 . By using a relatively simple examination procedure it is, however, possible to clearly differentiate the various disturbances, as shown by the case of a right-handed 66-year-old @entity0 in whom this type of vascular accident occurred. Neither the reduced intellectual capacities nor the @entity6 can explain the differences observed in the treatment of visual stimuli, which was very disturbed, and the normal treatment of other types of stimulus. @entity4 are not sufficient to prevent correct discrimination, as all tests of matching object, images, colours, and graphic signs were successfully accomplished. Identification was disturbed however: the @entity0 could not show the use of objects presented visually, and this disorder is related to the visual characteristics of the stimuli, which excludes a simple visuogestural disconnection; results of tests of classifying types of object images, colours, and graphic signs were markedly abnormal. Naming of these stimuli was also affected, even when they were correctly identified; this results from the visuoverbal disconnection associated with the @entity3 , but it is insufficient to account for it, as the @entity0 could correctly use objects that had been wrongly named, but could not use those that had been poorly identified. This case, therefore, has enabled a @entity2 to be isolated independently from a discrimination problem, and visuoverbal or visuogestural disconnections. It is the significance of ths stimulus that is disturbed. In contrast, functional or categorical classification is respected in right temporo-occipital lesions. It is the individuality of a stimulus within a physical category which is disturbed.

title: [Associative XXXX : role of the left hemisphere in visual perception (author's transl)].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Antibiotic resistance in @entity3 is an emerging health problem worldwide. The incidence of antimicrobial-resistant @entity6 is increasing, and nasal colonization of @entity6 in @entity0 increases the risk of @entity14 . In this study, the prevalence of @entity6 nasal colonization was studied in Thai @entity0 from three different districts. @entity6 nasal colonization was found in 38 of 237 subjects (16.0%). The carriage rate indicated higher rates in two rural districts (18.2% and 29.8%) than in the urban district (2.8%). The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined using the disk diffusion method. Prevalence of multi-drug resistance @entity6 (MDR-SP) was 31.6%. Resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics was found for @entity5 (5.3%), @entity11 (26.3%), @entity13 (2.6%), @entity7 (18.4%), @entity10 (18.4%), @entity9 (21.1%), @entity12 (44.7%), @entity1 / @entity2 (78.9%) and @entity4 (15.8%). All isolates were sensitive to @entity8 . The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern was used to compare genetic diversity of the @entity6 isolates. PFGE demonstrated the variation in genotypes of @entity6 from different areas. High prevalence of multi-drug resistance @entity6 nasal colonization in healthy Thai @entity0 was indicated. Effective strategies for appropriate use of antibiotics are therefore needed in the community.

title: High prevalence of multi-drug resistant XXXX among healthy @entity0 in Thailand.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Antibiotic resistance in @entity3 is an emerging health problem worldwide. The incidence of antimicrobial-resistant @entity6 is increasing, and nasal colonization of @entity6 in @entity0 increases the risk of @entity14 . In this study, the prevalence of @entity6 nasal colonization was studied in Thai @entity0 from three different districts. @entity6 nasal colonization was found in 38 of 237 subjects (16.0%). The carriage rate indicated higher rates in two rural districts (18.2% and 29.8%) than in the urban district (2.8%). The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined using the disk diffusion method. Prevalence of multi-drug resistance @entity6 (MDR-SP) was 31.6%. Resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics was found for @entity5 (5.3%), @entity11 (26.3%), @entity13 (2.6%), @entity7 (18.4%), @entity10 (18.4%), @entity9 (21.1%), @entity12 (44.7%), @entity1 / @entity2 (78.9%) and @entity4 (15.8%). All isolates were sensitive to @entity8 . The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern was used to compare genetic diversity of the @entity6 isolates. PFGE demonstrated the variation in genotypes of @entity6 from different areas. High prevalence of multi-drug resistance @entity6 nasal colonization in healthy Thai @entity0 was indicated. Effective strategies for appropriate use of antibiotics are therefore needed in the community.

title: High prevalence of multi-drug resistant @entity3 among healthy XXXX in Thailand.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The current study is essentially carried out to reveal the histological and ultra-structural details of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors cell layers of a @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The recorded results revealed that the neural retina of @entity2 consisted of seven distinct cell layers. The inner nuclear layer was markedly revealed as the thickest one among these layers. A highly melanized RPE was recorded in between the @entity1 . Histologically, the RPE was represented by a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells with centrally located nucleus. Ultrastructurally, the RPE cells showed numerous melanosomes, mitochondria, phagosomes, myeloid bodies, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), but very rare @entity0 ( @entity0 ). The photoreceptor cell layer was represented by three categories of photoreceptor cells: few single rods, numerous single and double cones. Each double cone consisted of a short accessory cone and a long principle cone. The photoreceptor outer segment consisted of bi-membranous discs that are enclosed by outer membrane. Moreover, the inner segment of rods consisted of an ellipsoid and an inner hyperboloid. The hyperboloid was rich with @entity0 , polysomes, Golgi apparatus and autophagic vacuoles. Furthermore, the inner segment of single cone and accessory cone consisted of an ellipsoid, paraboloid and myoid regions, while, the inner segment of principle cone lacked the paraboloid regions. At the proximal end of each inner segment for all types of cones, there was a large heterogeneous oil droplet. The paraboloid region was markedly rich with glycogen granules. The myoid region exhibited the same organelles but with little glycogen granules when compared with hyperboloid.

title: Light and electron microscopic studies on the pigmented epithelium and photoreceptors of the retina of XXXX ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The current study is essentially carried out to reveal the histological and ultra-structural details of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors cell layers of a @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The recorded results revealed that the neural retina of @entity2 consisted of seven distinct cell layers. The inner nuclear layer was markedly revealed as the thickest one among these layers. A highly melanized RPE was recorded in between the @entity1 . Histologically, the RPE was represented by a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells with centrally located nucleus. Ultrastructurally, the RPE cells showed numerous melanosomes, mitochondria, phagosomes, myeloid bodies, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), but very rare @entity0 ( @entity0 ). The photoreceptor cell layer was represented by three categories of photoreceptor cells: few single rods, numerous single and double cones. Each double cone consisted of a short accessory cone and a long principle cone. The photoreceptor outer segment consisted of bi-membranous discs that are enclosed by outer membrane. Moreover, the inner segment of rods consisted of an ellipsoid and an inner hyperboloid. The hyperboloid was rich with @entity0 , polysomes, Golgi apparatus and autophagic vacuoles. Furthermore, the inner segment of single cone and accessory cone consisted of an ellipsoid, paraboloid and myoid regions, while, the inner segment of principle cone lacked the paraboloid regions. At the proximal end of each inner segment for all types of cones, there was a large heterogeneous oil droplet. The paraboloid region was markedly rich with glycogen granules. The myoid region exhibited the same organelles but with little glycogen granules when compared with hyperboloid.

title: Light and electron microscopic studies on the pigmented epithelium and photoreceptors of the retina of @entity2 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most common cause of @entity2 . Recent data suggest that @entity4 @entity0 after successful ablation have the same risk for @entity5 events (TE) as @entity0 without @entity4 . Despite current guideline recommendations it is still under debate if oral anticoagulation (OAC) can be safely discontinued after ablation. We analyzed follow-up (FU) after ablation of paroxysmal @entity4 (PAF) in a high- ( @entity1 ; group 1) and a low-risk group (no @entity1 ; group 2) based on data from the German Ablation Registry to reveal real-life prescription behavior. METHODS: Overall 29 centers in Germany participated by performing @entity4 . Between April 2008 and April 2011, 83 @entity0 in group 1 and 377 @entity0 in group 2 with a first ablation of PAF were included in the registry. RESULTS: Mean CHA2DS2-VASc-Score was 4.2      1.4 (group 1) vs. 1.6      1.2 (group 2) (p  <  0.0001). No peri-interventional TE was observed. @entity3 recurrence was seen in 47.4 vs. 48.4  % (p  =  0.79) during a median FU of 489 (453-782) days, resulting in a repeat procedure in 20.0 vs. 20.7  % (p  =  0.88), respectively. OAC was discontinued in 38.6  % in group 1 vs. 66.3  % in group 2 (p  <  0.0001) during FU. TE during FU occurred more often in group 1 than in group 2 (4.3 vs. 0.3  %, p  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: Even in @entity0 with @entity1 , OAC was frequently discontinued during FU after @entity6 ablation in this observational study. However, TE occurred significantly more frequent in these high-risk @entity0 . These data argue against OAC discontinuation after ablation in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Oral anticoagulation is frequently discontinued after ablation of paroxysmal @entity4 despite XXXX : data from the German Ablation Registry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most common cause of @entity2 . Recent data suggest that @entity4 @entity0 after successful ablation have the same risk for @entity5 events (TE) as @entity0 without @entity4 . Despite current guideline recommendations it is still under debate if oral anticoagulation (OAC) can be safely discontinued after ablation. We analyzed follow-up (FU) after ablation of paroxysmal @entity4 (PAF) in a high- ( @entity1 ; group 1) and a low-risk group (no @entity1 ; group 2) based on data from the German Ablation Registry to reveal real-life prescription behavior. METHODS: Overall 29 centers in Germany participated by performing @entity4 . Between April 2008 and April 2011, 83 @entity0 in group 1 and 377 @entity0 in group 2 with a first ablation of PAF were included in the registry. RESULTS: Mean CHA2DS2-VASc-Score was 4.2      1.4 (group 1) vs. 1.6      1.2 (group 2) (p  <  0.0001). No peri-interventional TE was observed. @entity3 recurrence was seen in 47.4 vs. 48.4  % (p  =  0.79) during a median FU of 489 (453-782) days, resulting in a repeat procedure in 20.0 vs. 20.7  % (p  =  0.88), respectively. OAC was discontinued in 38.6  % in group 1 vs. 66.3  % in group 2 (p  <  0.0001) during FU. TE during FU occurred more often in group 1 than in group 2 (4.3 vs. 0.3  %, p  <  0.05). CONCLUSION: Even in @entity0 with @entity1 , OAC was frequently discontinued during FU after @entity6 ablation in this observational study. However, TE occurred significantly more frequent in these high-risk @entity0 . These data argue against OAC discontinuation after ablation in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Oral anticoagulation is frequently discontinued after ablation of paroxysmal XXXX despite @entity1 : data from the German Ablation Registry.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Organs from @entity2 (elevated Na(+)) donors when used for transplantation had dismal outcome. However, islet isolation from hypernatremic donors for both transplantation and research applications has not been investigated yet. A retrospective analysis of in vivo and in vitro islet function studies was performed on islets isolated from hypernatremic (serum @entity1 levels >=  160 mEq/L) and normal control (serum @entity1 levels  <= 155 mEq/L) donors. Twelve isolations from 32 hypernatremic and 53 isolations from 222 normal donors were randomly transplanted into diabetic NOD Scid @entity0 . @entity1 levels upon pancreas procurement were significantly elevated in the @entity2 group (163.5    0.6 mEq/L) as compared to normal control group (145.9    0.4 mEq/L) (P<0.001). The post-culture islet recovery rate was significantly lower in the @entity2 (59.1    3.8%) compared to the normal (73.6    1.8%) group (P=0.005). The duration of @entity2 was inversely correlated with the recovery rate (R2=0.370, P<0.001). Furthermore, the percentage of successful graft function when transplanted into diabetic NOD Scid @entity0 was significantly lower in the @entity2 (42%) in comparison to the normal control (85%) group (P<0.001). The ability to predict islet graft function post transplantation using donor @entity1 levels, islet recovery rate, and duration of @entity2 was significant (P=0.022, 0.036, and 0.042, respectively). In conclusion, duration of donor @entity2 is associated with reduced islet recovery post culture. The efficacy of islets from @entity2 donors diminished when transplanted into diabetic NOD Scid @entity0 .

title: XXXX Level of Human Pancreatic Donors is a Critical Factor for Determination of Islet Efficacy and Survival.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate exposure-response relationships between occupational mechanical exposures and risk of reoperation after @entity1 . METHODS: Using register information, we identified all @entity0 born in Denmark 1938-1988, who had their first @entity1 1998-2008, and who were 18-65  years old and active in the labour market at the time of surgery. The Danish @entity2 Database provided information on repairs and reoperations. We used registered occupational codes and a job exposure matrix based on experts' ratings to estimate total load lifted per day, frequency of heavy lifting, and number of hours per day spent standing/walking. We also obtained register information on sickness absence. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 34,822 @entity0 . We did not reveal exposure-response relationships between occupational mechanical exposures and the hazard ratio (HR) of reoperation. The percentage of @entity0 with >2  weeks of sickness absence within 8  weeks after surgery increased with total load lifted per day from 15 to 53  %. Longer sickness absence was associated with an increased HR of reoperation, but within strata of sickness absence, we found no increase in the HR of reoperation with increasing exposures. CONCLUSION: We did not find indications that the HR of reoperation was related to occupational mechanical exposures, even after accounting for a potential protective effect of sickness absence. Hence, the exposure-related prolonged duration of sickness absence could not be explained by exposure-related complications that led to reoperation.

title: Occupational mechanical exposures and reoperation after first-time XXXX : a prognosis study in a male cohort.

answer: @entity1


abstract: MSCs encounter extended @entity2 in the wound microenvironment yet little is known about their adaptability to this prolonged @entity2 milieu. In this study, we evaluated the cellular and molecular response of MSCs in extended @entity2 (1% @entity5 ) versus normoxia (20% @entity5 ) culture. Prolonged @entity2 induced a switch toward anaerobic glycolysis transcriptome and a dramatic increase in the transcript and protein levels of @entity4 transporter-4 ( @entity6 ) in MSCs. To clarify the impact of @entity6 upregulation on MSC biology, we generated MSCs which stably overexpressed @entity6 ( @entity6 ) at levels similar to wild-type MSCs following prolonged @entity2 culture. Consistent with its role to efflux @entity3 to maintain intracellular pH, @entity6 -MSCs demonstrated reduced intracellular @entity3 . To explore the in vivo significance of @entity6 upregulation in MSC therapy, @entity0 were injected intramuscularly following MI with control (GFP)-MSCs, @entity6 -MSCs, or MSCs in which @entity6 expression was stably silenced (KDMCT4-MSCs). Overexpression of @entity6 worsened cardiac remodeling and cardiac function whereas silencing of @entity6 significantly improved cardiac function. @entity6 -overexpressing MSC secretome induced reactive @entity1 species-mediated cardiomyocyte but not fibroblast apoptosis in vitro and in vivo; @entity3 alone recapitulated the effects of the @entity6 -MSC secretome. Our findings suggest that @entity3 extruded by @entity6 -overexpressing MSCs preferentially induced cell death in cardiomyocytes but not in fibroblasts, leading ultimately to a decline in cardiac function and increased scar size. A better understanding of stem cells response to prolonged @entity2 stress and the resultant stem cell-myocyte/fibroblast cross-talk is necessary to optimize MSC-based therapy for cardiac regeneration.

title: Prolonged XXXX induces monocarboxylate transporter-4 expression in mesenchymal stem cells resulting in a secretome that is deleterious to cardiovascular repair.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Background/Aims: Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenolic compound (stilbene) and a phytoalexin. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism which mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation of cholecystokinin octapeptide- or KCl-induced @entity2 in male @entity0 gallbladder strips. Methods: Gallbladder strips were prepared and suspended in in vitro chambers filled with Krebs-Henseleit solution. The strips were attached to force displacement transducers, and the changes in @entity2 were recorded on a polygraph. All reagents were added directly into the chambers. Results: To determine if intracellular Ca(2+) release mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation of cholecystokinin octapeptide-induced @entity2 , 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2-APB) was used. 2-APB significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the amount of RSVL-induced relaxation. To determine if @entity1 ( @entity1 ) mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation, @entity1 inhibitor 14-22 amide myristolated ( @entity1 -IM) was used. @entity1 -IM had no effect on resveratrol-induced relaxation. Neither KT5823, N(G)-methyl-L-arginine acetate salt, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, nor fulvestrant had a significant effect on the amount of resveratrol-induced relaxation. Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, significantly (P < 0.01) increased the RSVL-induced relaxation. To determine if protein kinase C mediated the RSVL-induced relaxation, the protein kinase C inhibitors bisindolymaleimide IV and chelerythrine Cl- were used together, and a significant (P < 0.05) increase in resveratrol-induced relaxation was observed. The pretreatment of the strips with resveratrol significantly (P < 0.001) decreased the amount of KCl- and cholecystokinin octapeptide- induced @entity2 . Conclusions: Resveratrol-induced relaxation is mediated by its effects on L-type Ca(2+) channels and intracellular Ca(2+) release.

title: The Resveratrol-induced Relaxation of Cholecystokinin Octapeptide- or KCl-induced @entity2 in Male XXXX Gallbladder Strips Is Mediated Through L-type Ca(2+) Channels.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Background/Aims: Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenolic compound (stilbene) and a phytoalexin. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism which mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation of cholecystokinin octapeptide- or KCl-induced @entity2 in male @entity0 gallbladder strips. Methods: Gallbladder strips were prepared and suspended in in vitro chambers filled with Krebs-Henseleit solution. The strips were attached to force displacement transducers, and the changes in @entity2 were recorded on a polygraph. All reagents were added directly into the chambers. Results: To determine if intracellular Ca(2+) release mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation of cholecystokinin octapeptide-induced @entity2 , 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2-APB) was used. 2-APB significantly (P < 0.01) decreased the amount of RSVL-induced relaxation. To determine if @entity1 ( @entity1 ) mediated the resveratrol-induced relaxation, @entity1 inhibitor 14-22 amide myristolated ( @entity1 -IM) was used. @entity1 -IM had no effect on resveratrol-induced relaxation. Neither KT5823, N(G)-methyl-L-arginine acetate salt, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, nor fulvestrant had a significant effect on the amount of resveratrol-induced relaxation. Genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, significantly (P < 0.01) increased the RSVL-induced relaxation. To determine if protein kinase C mediated the RSVL-induced relaxation, the protein kinase C inhibitors bisindolymaleimide IV and chelerythrine Cl- were used together, and a significant (P < 0.05) increase in resveratrol-induced relaxation was observed. The pretreatment of the strips with resveratrol significantly (P < 0.001) decreased the amount of KCl- and cholecystokinin octapeptide- induced @entity2 . Conclusions: Resveratrol-induced relaxation is mediated by its effects on L-type Ca(2+) channels and intracellular Ca(2+) release.

title: The Resveratrol-induced Relaxation of Cholecystokinin Octapeptide- or KCl-induced XXXX in Male @entity0 Gallbladder Strips Is Mediated Through L-type Ca(2+) Channels.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) cases found at autopsy in @entity0 who had died from other diseases and in whom no sign or symptom could be related to @entity2 are called "asymptomatic". Three cases are reported. The first @entity0 was a 62 year old @entity0 who presented with a slowly progressive disturbance of gait, @entity4 and deterioration of intellectual function. A @entity8 was surgically removed. The @entity0 died 3 years later with an acute @entity7 . Examination of the brain disclosed evidence of the operation and numerous old plaques disseminated through the cerebral hemispheres (centrum semi-ovale, periventricular regions, internal thalamus and junction between cortex and white matter) and in the brain stem. The second case, a 77 year old @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity3 , presented with @entity9 of acute onset. She died one year later. Examination of the brain showed @entity5 involving the territories of both posterior cerebral arteries and the left middle cerebral artery. Numerous old plaques were seen in the periventricular regions, in the corpus callosum and in the left middle cerebellar peduncle. The third case, a 60 year old @entity0 with @entity10 , presented with @entity11 and transient @entity6 . She died 5 years later. Brain examination showed @entity5 involving both middle cerebral artery territories. There was also many old plaques in the periventricular areas, thalamus, internal capsule, centrum semi-ovale, brain stem and right nucleus dentatus. In the 3 cases, the optic tracts were normal. The spinal cord, examined only in the first case, was also normal. The asymptomatic character of these @entity2 cases can be explained first by the location of the plaques and the lack of spinal cord and optic tract involvement. It could also be due to the small size of the plaques and to axonal preservation. Such features are rare since our 3 observations have been selected from a pathological collection of 125 @entity2 cases and 9,300 general neuropathological records. Six other cases have been previously reported by other authors.

title: [Asymptomatic XXXX - 3 cases (author's transl)].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Temperature management using endovascular catheters is an established therapy in neurointensive care. Nonetheless, several case series have reported a high rate of @entity1 related to the use of endovascular @entity3 catheters. METHODS: As a result of a @entity2 that developed in a @entity0 after removing an inferior vena cava @entity3 catheter, we designed a clinical protocol for managing and removing these devices. First, an invasive cavography was performed before the removal of the catheter. If there was a @entity1 , a cava vein filter was inserted through jugular access. After that, the catheter was removed. RESULTS: The venography found inferior vena cava thrombi in 18 of 20 consecutive @entity0 . A concomitant ultrasonography study showed vena cava @entity1 in only three @entity0 . A vena cava filter was inserted in all @entity0 where thrombi were found, without any significant complication. Anticoagulation was started in all @entity0 . No symptomatic @entity2 was diagnosed until the time of discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of @entity1 related to temperature management catheters is extremely high (90  %). Furthermore, ultrasonography has a very low sensibility to detect cava vein @entity1 (16.7  %). The real meaning of our findings is unknown, but other temperature control systems could be a safer option. More studies are needed to confirm our findings.

title: Inferior @entity1 Related to XXXX Catheter: Report of 20 Consecutive Cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Temperature management using endovascular catheters is an established therapy in neurointensive care. Nonetheless, several case series have reported a high rate of @entity1 related to the use of endovascular @entity3 catheters. METHODS: As a result of a @entity2 that developed in a @entity0 after removing an inferior vena cava @entity3 catheter, we designed a clinical protocol for managing and removing these devices. First, an invasive cavography was performed before the removal of the catheter. If there was a @entity1 , a cava vein filter was inserted through jugular access. After that, the catheter was removed. RESULTS: The venography found inferior vena cava thrombi in 18 of 20 consecutive @entity0 . A concomitant ultrasonography study showed vena cava @entity1 in only three @entity0 . A vena cava filter was inserted in all @entity0 where thrombi were found, without any significant complication. Anticoagulation was started in all @entity0 . No symptomatic @entity2 was diagnosed until the time of discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of @entity1 related to temperature management catheters is extremely high (90  %). Furthermore, ultrasonography has a very low sensibility to detect cava vein @entity1 (16.7  %). The real meaning of our findings is unknown, but other temperature control systems could be a safer option. More studies are needed to confirm our findings.

title: Inferior XXXX Related to @entity3 Catheter: Report of 20 Consecutive Cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) in Muleba, Tanzania has developed high levels of resistance to most insecticides currently advocated for @entity0 control. The kdr mutation has almost reached fixation in An.   gambiae s.s. in Muleba. This change has the potential to jeopardize @entity0 control interventions carried out in the region. Trends in insecticide resistance were monitored in two intervention villages using World Health Organization (WHO) susceptibility test kits. Additional mechanisms contributing to observed phenotypic resistance were investigated using Centers for Disease Control (CDC) bottle bioassays with @entity8 ( @entity6 ) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ) synergists. Resistance genotyping for kdr and Ace-1 alleles was conducted using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In both study villages, high phenotypic resistance to several @entity1 and @entity3 was observed, with mortality in the range of 12-23%. There was a sharp decrease in mortality in An.   gambiae s.l. exposed to @entity5 ( @entity4 ) from 84% in November 2011 to 31% in December 2012 after two rounds of bendiocarb-based indoor residual spraying (IRS). @entity2 s.l. remained susceptible to @entity7 (organophosphate). Bendiocarb-based IRS did not lead to the reversion of pyrethroid resistance. There was no evidence for selection for Ace-1 resistance alleles. The need to investigate the operational impact of the observed resistance selection on the effectiveness of longlasting insecticidal nets and IRS for @entity0 control is urgent.

title: Trends in the selection of insecticide resistance in XXXX s.l. mosquitoes in northwest Tanzania during a community randomized trial of longlasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to report on treatment outcome of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for early-stage (cT1-2 cN0 M0) squamous cell @entity3 , as compared with @entity0 treated with conventional radiotherapy. METHODS: Between November 2007 and December 2011, 40 consecutive @entity0 were treated with IMRT with daily cone-beam CT position verification. The median prescription to the planning target volume ( @entity4 ) was 63 Gy/28 fractions and 67.5 Gy/30 fractions for T1 and T2 @entity1 , respectively. The historical control comprised 81 consecutive @entity0 treated with conventional radiotherapy to total doses of 66 Gy/33 fractions (66 @entity0 ) and 70 Gy/35 fractions (15 @entity0 ) for T1 and T2 @entity1 , respectively. RESULTS: The median follow-up of living @entity0 was 3.8 years (range, 1.0-5.0 years) in the IMRT group and 9.0 years, (range, 5.2-12.7 years) in the conventional group. Five-year actuarial local control was equal compared to the conventional group: 83% versus 74% (p = .64). Five-year actuarial ultimate local control was 100% in the IMRT group and 95% in the conventional group (p = .17). Five-year actuarial overall and disease-specific survival was 85% after IMRT versus 65% after conventional radiotherapy (p = .15) and 97% versus 89% (p = .31), respectively. Incidence and severity of @entity5 was significantly less during IMRT than in the control group (p < .001). Two @entity0 receiving IMRT had late grade 3 hoarseness. CONCLUSION: IMRT is as efficient as conventional radiotherapy in terms of disease control and overall survival. It has the potential to reduce @entity2 as compared to conventional radiotherapy.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E179-E184, 2016.

title: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is associated with @entity8 that leads to increased @entity1 and mortality. To date, use of the @entity11 -angiotensin- @entity9 system blockade has been the main treatment modality. However, @entity11 -angiotensin- @entity9 system blockade by the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) can only partially reverse the @entity8 without having a significant impact on all-cause mortality as evidenced by meta-analyses from clinical trials. It is imperative to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of @entity4 -related @entity2 for potential targets in further treatment. METHODS: Male @entity0 that underwent @entity3 (SNX) @entity0 were established as the @entity4 model. A hemodynamic study was used to evaluate the left ventricle (LV) structural and functional alterations. We used proteomic techniques to profile the LV protein changes among sham-operated @entity0 , SNX @entity0 , and SNX @entity0 with 6 months of ACEi enalapril interventions. The differentially expressed proteins were further annotated by functional and network analyses. RESULTS: As compared to the sham-operated @entity0 , the SNX @entity0 had 25 upregulated and 46 decreased protein expression. The top canonical pathways identified by ingenuity pathway analysis for the @entity4 were @entity10 , oxidative phosphorylation, @entity6 b  oxidation, protein ubiquitination, and ketolysis. The most relevant functions extracted from these networks contained 27 and 23 focused proteins, respectively. They were related to cellular assembly and organization, RNA posttranscriptional modification, and protein synthesis. After ACEi  intervention for 6 weeks, the residual canonical pathways identified by ingenuity pathway analysis that mediated the @entity4 -related @entity2 were @entity10 , ketolysis, @entity5 degradation IV, and @entity13 degradation III. There were decreased @entity12 and  SNRNP, and increased @entity7 oxidase and SAHH expression in the LV of SNX @entity0 that could not be reversed by the ACEi. CONCLUSION: Our studies provide a repertoire of potential biomarkers related to @entity8 in @entity4 . There are still residual disturbed molecules/pathways despite ACEi intervention. Further studies are warranted to investigate these potential novel targets to alleviate @entity4 -related @entity2 .

title: Comparative proteomic analysis of @entity0 left ventricle in a XXXX model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is associated with @entity8 that leads to increased @entity1 and mortality. To date, use of the @entity11 -angiotensin- @entity9 system blockade has been the main treatment modality. However, @entity11 -angiotensin- @entity9 system blockade by the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) can only partially reverse the @entity8 without having a significant impact on all-cause mortality as evidenced by meta-analyses from clinical trials. It is imperative to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of @entity4 -related @entity2 for potential targets in further treatment. METHODS: Male @entity0 that underwent @entity3 (SNX) @entity0 were established as the @entity4 model. A hemodynamic study was used to evaluate the left ventricle (LV) structural and functional alterations. We used proteomic techniques to profile the LV protein changes among sham-operated @entity0 , SNX @entity0 , and SNX @entity0 with 6 months of ACEi enalapril interventions. The differentially expressed proteins were further annotated by functional and network analyses. RESULTS: As compared to the sham-operated @entity0 , the SNX @entity0 had 25 upregulated and 46 decreased protein expression. The top canonical pathways identified by ingenuity pathway analysis for the @entity4 were @entity10 , oxidative phosphorylation, @entity6 b  oxidation, protein ubiquitination, and ketolysis. The most relevant functions extracted from these networks contained 27 and 23 focused proteins, respectively. They were related to cellular assembly and organization, RNA posttranscriptional modification, and protein synthesis. After ACEi  intervention for 6 weeks, the residual canonical pathways identified by ingenuity pathway analysis that mediated the @entity4 -related @entity2 were @entity10 , ketolysis, @entity5 degradation IV, and @entity13 degradation III. There were decreased @entity12 and  SNRNP, and increased @entity7 oxidase and SAHH expression in the LV of SNX @entity0 that could not be reversed by the ACEi. CONCLUSION: Our studies provide a repertoire of potential biomarkers related to @entity8 in @entity4 . There are still residual disturbed molecules/pathways despite ACEi intervention. Further studies are warranted to investigate these potential novel targets to alleviate @entity4 -related @entity2 .

title: Comparative proteomic analysis of XXXX left ventricle in a @entity3 model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Endocrine control of cardiovascular function is probably immature in the preterm @entity0 ; thus, it may contribute to the relative ineffectiveness of current adrenergic treatments for preterm cardiovascular compromise. This study aimed to determine the cardiovascular and hormonal responses to stress in the preterm piglet. Piglets were delivered by cesarean section either preterm (97 of 115 days) or at term (113 days). An additional group of preterm piglets received maternal glucocorticoids as used clinically. Piglets were sedated and underwent @entity1 (4% FiO2 for 20 min) to stimulate a cardiovascular response. @entity2 , skin blood flow, heart rate and plasma levels of @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ), angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), and @entity3 were measured. Term piglets responded to @entity1 with vasoconstriction; preterm piglets had a lesser response. Preterm piglets had lower blood pressures throughout, with a delayed blood pressure response to the @entity1 stress compared with term piglets. This immature response occurred despite similar high levels of circulating @entity7 , and higher levels of @entity6 compared with term animals. Prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids increased the ratio of Ang-(1-7): @entity6 . Preterm piglets, in contrast to term piglets, had no increase in @entity3 levels in response to @entity1 . Preterm piglets have immature physiological responses to a @entity1 stress but no deficit of circulating @entity7 . Reduced vasoconstriction in preterm piglets could result from vasodilator actions of @entity6 . In glucocorticoid exposed preterm piglets, further inhibition of vasoconstriction may occur because of an increased conversion of @entity6 to Ang-(1-7).

title: Endogenous angiotensins and XXXX do not reduce skin blood flow or prevent @entity2 in preterm piglets.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Endocrine control of cardiovascular function is probably immature in the preterm @entity0 ; thus, it may contribute to the relative ineffectiveness of current adrenergic treatments for preterm cardiovascular compromise. This study aimed to determine the cardiovascular and hormonal responses to stress in the preterm piglet. Piglets were delivered by cesarean section either preterm (97 of 115 days) or at term (113 days). An additional group of preterm piglets received maternal glucocorticoids as used clinically. Piglets were sedated and underwent @entity1 (4% FiO2 for 20 min) to stimulate a cardiovascular response. @entity2 , skin blood flow, heart rate and plasma levels of @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ), angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), and @entity3 were measured. Term piglets responded to @entity1 with vasoconstriction; preterm piglets had a lesser response. Preterm piglets had lower blood pressures throughout, with a delayed blood pressure response to the @entity1 stress compared with term piglets. This immature response occurred despite similar high levels of circulating @entity7 , and higher levels of @entity6 compared with term animals. Prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids increased the ratio of Ang-(1-7): @entity6 . Preterm piglets, in contrast to term piglets, had no increase in @entity3 levels in response to @entity1 . Preterm piglets have immature physiological responses to a @entity1 stress but no deficit of circulating @entity7 . Reduced vasoconstriction in preterm piglets could result from vasodilator actions of @entity6 . In glucocorticoid exposed preterm piglets, further inhibition of vasoconstriction may occur because of an increased conversion of @entity6 to Ang-(1-7).

title: Endogenous angiotensins and @entity7 do not reduce skin blood flow or prevent XXXX in preterm piglets.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: In this work we provide novel insight into the morphology of dissecting @entity4 in @entity6 -infused @entity1 . We demonstrate why they exhibit a large variation in shape and, unlike their @entity0 counterparts, are located suprarenally rather than infrarenally. METHODS AND RESULTS: We combined synchrotron-based ultra-high resolution ex vivo imaging (phase contrast X-Ray tomographic microscopy) with in vivo imaging (high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced micro-CT) and image-guided histology. In all @entity1 we observed a tear in the tunica media of the abdominal aorta near the ostium of the celiac artery. Independently we found that, unlike the gradual luminal expansion typical for @entity0 @entity3 , the outer diameter increase of @entity6 -induced dissecting @entity3 in @entity1 was related to one or several intramural @entity5 . These were caused by @entity2 media near the ostium of small suprarenal side branches, which had never been detected by the established small-animal imaging techniques. The tear near the celiac artery led to apparent luminal dilatation, while the intramural @entity5 led to a dissection of the tunica adventitia on the left suprarenal side of the aorta. The number of @entity2 branches was higher in those @entity3 that extended into the thoracic aorta, which explained the observed variability in @entity3 shape. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are the first to describe apparent luminal dilatation, suprarenal @entity2 and intramural @entity5 formation in dissecting @entity4 in @entity1 . Moreover we validate and demonstrate the vast potential of phase contrast X-Ray tomographic microscopy in cardiovascular small animal applications.

title: Dissecting XXXX in Ang II-infused @entity1 : Suprarenal Branch Ruptures and Apparent Luminal Dilatation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIMS: In this work we provide novel insight into the morphology of dissecting @entity4 in @entity6 -infused @entity1 . We demonstrate why they exhibit a large variation in shape and, unlike their @entity0 counterparts, are located suprarenally rather than infrarenally. METHODS AND RESULTS: We combined synchrotron-based ultra-high resolution ex vivo imaging (phase contrast X-Ray tomographic microscopy) with in vivo imaging (high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced micro-CT) and image-guided histology. In all @entity1 we observed a tear in the tunica media of the abdominal aorta near the ostium of the celiac artery. Independently we found that, unlike the gradual luminal expansion typical for @entity0 @entity3 , the outer diameter increase of @entity6 -induced dissecting @entity3 in @entity1 was related to one or several intramural @entity5 . These were caused by @entity2 media near the ostium of small suprarenal side branches, which had never been detected by the established small-animal imaging techniques. The tear near the celiac artery led to apparent luminal dilatation, while the intramural @entity5 led to a dissection of the tunica adventitia on the left suprarenal side of the aorta. The number of @entity2 branches was higher in those @entity3 that extended into the thoracic aorta, which explained the observed variability in @entity3 shape. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are the first to describe apparent luminal dilatation, suprarenal @entity2 and intramural @entity5 formation in dissecting @entity4 in @entity1 . Moreover we validate and demonstrate the vast potential of phase contrast X-Ray tomographic microscopy in cardiovascular small animal applications.

title: Dissecting @entity4 in Ang II-infused XXXX : Suprarenal Branch Ruptures and Apparent Luminal Dilatation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 withdrawal (CW) after pediatric kidney transplantation potentially improves growth while avoiding metabolic and other adverse events. We have recently reported the results of a 196 subject randomized controlled trial comparing early CW ( @entity3 , @entity2 ( @entity4 ), daclizumab, and corticosteroids until day 4) with @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity1 continuation (CC). At 6 months, CW subjects showed better growth with no adverse impact on acute rejection or graft survival (Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 828-836). This 2-year investigator-driven follow-up study aimed to determine whether improved growth persisted in the longer term. METHODS: Data regarding growth, graft outcomes and adverse events were collected at 1 year (113 @entity0 ) and 2 years (106 @entity0 ) after transplantation. The primary endpoint, longitudinal growth calculated as delta height standard deviation score, was analyzed using a mixed model repeated measures model. RESULTS: @entity1 withdrawal subjects grew better at 1 year (difference in adjusted mean change, 0.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.10, 0.40; P = 0.001). At 2 years, growth remained numerically better in CW subjects (0.20 (-0.01, 0.41); P = 0.06), and significantly better in prepubertal subjects (0.50 (0.16, 0.84); P = 0.004). @entity5 was significantly more common in CW subjects at 1 year only. @entity1 withdrawal and CC subjects received similar exposure to both @entity3 and @entity4 at 1 and 2 years. No significant difference in @entity0 or graft survival, rejection, estimated glomerular filtration rate, or other adverse events was detected. CONCLUSION: Early CW effectively and safely improves growth up to 2 years after transplantation, particularly in prepubertal @entity0 .

title: XXXX -free Kidney Transplantation Improves Growth: 2-Year Follow-up of the TWIST Randomized Controlled Trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Recently, surgery during admission has been advocated for acute @entity1 , rather than delayed surgery after conservative treatment. This study was designed to perform early surgeries and analyze the criteria used for conservative management followed by delayed surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After implementation of a study with the aim of performing early surgery, a retrospective review using a prospective database during the period of June 2009 to June 2011 was established. Early surgery during index hospitalization was offered to all @entity0 , except those having criteria for conservative management. RESULTS: There were 118 @entity0 admitted for acute @entity1 . Early and delayed surgeries were performed for 18 (15%) and 23 (20%) @entity0 , respectively. Percutaneous cholecystostomy was performed for 10 (8%) @entity0 with a success rate of 90% and significantly higher length of hospital stay (P = 0.001). Gallstone-related complications developed in 33 (28%) @entity0 , causing significantly higher readmission rates (P = 0.001). Ofthe @entity0 , 34 (29%) were neither operated on nor had complications. The subsequent cholecystectomy rate was calculated as 35%. The overall mortality rate was 1.7% for all groups. CONCLUSION: Although surgical treatment of acute @entity1 , either by early or delayed surgery, has some specific morbidity and mortality, it should be kept in mind that conservative treatment modalities a have higher rate of recurrences and subsequent complications, which all cause additional morbidity and mortality in @entity0 .

title: Review of clinical experience with acute XXXX on the development of subsequent gallstone-related complications.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Motility of flagellated bacteria depends crucially on their organelles such as flagella and pili, as well as physical properties of the external medium, such as viscosity and matrix elasticity. We studied the motility of wild-type and two mutant strains of @entity4 swarmer cells in two different types of media: a viscous and hyperosmotic @entity1 -growth medium mixture and a viscoelastic growth medium, containing @entity2 or @entity2 of different defined sizes. RESULTS: For all three strains in the medium containing @entity1 , we found linear drops in percentage of motile cells and decreases in speed of those that remained motile to be inversely proportional to viscosity. The majority of immobilized cells lost viability, evidenced by their membrane leakage. In the viscoelastic media, we found less @entity3 and attenuated decrease of swimming speed at shear viscosity values comparable to the viscous medium. In both types of media, we found more severe loss in percentage of motile cells of wild-type than the mutants without pili, indicating that the interference of pili with flagellated motility is aggravated by increased viscosity. However, we found no difference in swimming speed among all three strains under all test conditions for the cells that remained motile. Finally, the viscoelastic medium caused no significant change in intervals between flagellar motor switches unless the motor stalled. CONCLUSION: Hyperosmotic effect causes @entity3 and cell death. Addition of polymers into the cell medium also causes @entity3 due to @entity0 , but the majority of immobilized bacteria remain viable. Both viscous and viscoelastic media alter the motility of flagellated bacteria without affecting the internal regulation of their motor switching behavior.

title: Altered motility of XXXX in viscous and viscoelastic media.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BackgroundThe efficacy of thymectomy in @entity0 with non-thymomatous @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is still unclear. Main limitations have been variable outcome definitions, lack of a control group and adjustment for confounding.ObjectiveTo study the efficacy of thymectomy in achieving remission or minimal manifestation (R/MM) status in @entity0 with non-thymomatous @entity1 .MethodsPatients with generalized @entity1 and minimum follow-up of 6  months were included. Demographic data and treatments were recorded, as well as the MGFA post-intervention status at the last visit. Propensity scores were used to create a matched cohort of treated and untreated @entity0 . Standard and Bayesian Cox models were used to study treatment effects.ResultsOf 395 @entity0 included, 183(46%) had a thymectomy. Thymectomy @entity0 were younger (p  <  0.001), with more females (p  <  0.001) and more @entity0 in MGFA classes 4  5 at diagnosis (p  =  0.01). A matched cohort of thymectomized @entity0 and controls (n  =  98) was created. The hazard ratio (HR) for the matched cohort was 1.9 (CI:1.6-2.3), favoring thymectomy. The predicted R/MM rate was 21% in treated and 6% in controls at 5  years (Absolute difference:15%). A Bayesian Cox model for the matched cohort had an estimated probability of thymectomy efficacy (HR  >  1) of 96% using a non-informative prior, and 79% using a skeptical prior.DiscussionWhen controlling for potential confounders, thymectomized @entity0 had a higher probability of achieving R/MM status through time compared to controls. This study provides class III evidence of the efficacy of thymectomy in non-thymomatous @entity1 .

title: Thymectomy for non-thymomatous XXXX : a propensity score matched study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the nutritional status of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 with no other associated @entity2 , according to disease stage. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study. SETTING: @entity5 Outpatient Clinic, Clinical Hospital, Ribeirao Preto Medical School (University of S  o Paulo). @entity0 : The sample consisted of 36 individuals of both genders with @entity1 diagnosis, and no other associated type of @entity2 , in various stages of the disease, according to the Clinical @entity2 Rating ( @entity6 0.5-3). MEASUREMENTS: Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and anthropometric measurements such as weight, body mass index (BMI) and arm, waist, abdomen and hip circumferences. In addition, body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). RESULTS: The mean age of the group was 74.2      10.1  years, 72.2  % of them were @entity0 . The MNA showed that most of these individuals were at risk for @entity4 (55.5  %) and many of them (43.7  %) were underweight according to BMI. Data from BIA analysis revealed that 41.7  % of these individuals had a quantity of body fat classified as @entity4 and 11.1  % had a phase angle (PA) below recommended values for age group. There was a negative and significant correlation of lean mass and PA with age, and of global MNA evaluation with @entity6 , as well as a positive correlation of MNA total score with fat mass and BMI. Worse classifications of nutritional status obtained by MNA scores were also observed in the more severe stages of the disease, according to the @entity6 . CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity1 are mostly elderly with changes in body composition that are typical of aging, with signs of @entity3 and preservation of abdominal fat. However, greater impairment of general nutritional status was observed in the more advanced stages of @entity1 , creating a situation of greater vulnerability for these @entity0 .

title: Nutritional status according to the stages of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 and @entity3 are present during euthymic periods of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Most studies have determined that @entity1 and @entity3 have major impacts on psychosocial functioning. The aim of the present study was to identify the major factor responsible for low psychosocial functioning in a subgroup of @entity0 with @entity2 despite clinical recovery. METHODS: Sixty @entity0 with @entity2 and 41 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Cognitive performance, neurological soft signs (NSSs), psychosocial functioning, residual mood symptoms and illness characteristics were assessed. Using the median value of the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) as the cut-off point, the @entity0 were divided into two groups, high- (n=29) or low-functioning (n=31), and they were compared based on total NSS, @entity3 , cognitive performance and clinical variables. RESULTS: Performances on the verbal memory tests and social functioning were significantly worse in the euthymic @entity0 with @entity2 . Increased rates of NSS were identified in the @entity0 compared with the normal controls. The low-functioning @entity0 performed significantly worse on verbal memory, and their NSS and @entity3 were significantly higher compared to high-functioning @entity0 . In the regression analysis, @entity3 were identified as the best predictors of psychosocial functioning. LIMITATIONS: The @entity0 were artificially separated into two groups based on a FAST score cut-off. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, @entity1 were the most prominent factors associated with the level of functioning.

title: The impact of @entity1 , neurological soft signs and subdepressive symptoms on functional outcome in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 and @entity3 are present during euthymic periods of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Most studies have determined that @entity1 and @entity3 have major impacts on psychosocial functioning. The aim of the present study was to identify the major factor responsible for low psychosocial functioning in a subgroup of @entity0 with @entity2 despite clinical recovery. METHODS: Sixty @entity0 with @entity2 and 41 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Cognitive performance, neurological soft signs (NSSs), psychosocial functioning, residual mood symptoms and illness characteristics were assessed. Using the median value of the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) as the cut-off point, the @entity0 were divided into two groups, high- (n=29) or low-functioning (n=31), and they were compared based on total NSS, @entity3 , cognitive performance and clinical variables. RESULTS: Performances on the verbal memory tests and social functioning were significantly worse in the euthymic @entity0 with @entity2 . Increased rates of NSS were identified in the @entity0 compared with the normal controls. The low-functioning @entity0 performed significantly worse on verbal memory, and their NSS and @entity3 were significantly higher compared to high-functioning @entity0 . In the regression analysis, @entity3 were identified as the best predictors of psychosocial functioning. LIMITATIONS: The @entity0 were artificially separated into two groups based on a FAST score cut-off. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, @entity1 were the most prominent factors associated with the level of functioning.

title: The impact of XXXX , neurological soft signs and subdepressive symptoms on functional outcome in @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Vocal fold @entity1 represents a major disease burden. Screening of antifibrotic compounds could be facilitated by an in vitro fibrogenesis system. Limitations of existing models might be overcome by implication of the excluded volume effect. STUDY DESIGN: In-vitro study. METHODS: Vocal fold fibroblasts obtained from @entity0 ' lamina propria were cultured in four different settings: in standard medium, under "crowded" conditions by adding inert macromolecules, under external administration of transforming growth factor (TGF)  -1, and under a combination of both. After 5 days, supernatant and cell layer were collected and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunofluorescence was additionally performed. RESULTS: Collagen-alpha1(I) deposition increased significantly under crowded conditions and after administration of @entity2 . Amounts of collagen in the cell layer were significantly higher under crowding conditions with @entity2 compared to administration of @entity2 alone. CONCLUSION: Crowding enhanced collagen deposition, resulting in more favorable conditions for studying fibrogenesis. This can be the first step toward developing a robust in vitro model for testing antifibrotic compounds. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: NA Laryngoscope, 2014.

title: Establishing principles of macromolecular crowding for in vitro XXXX research of the vocal fold lamina propria.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pyrethroid insecticides can affect salmonids either indirectly through @entity0 to their prey or directly by @entity0 to the fish themselves. In support of a study on pyrethroid impacts to @entity1 and steelhead trout in the American River (Sacramento, California, USA), 96-h median effective concentration (EC50) and median lethal concentration (LC50) values for the pyrethroid bifenthrin were determined for taxa not traditionally used for @entity0 testing but of interest as salmonid prey, including a chironomid, caddisflies, mayflies, and stoneflies. A laboratory was constructed on the banks of the American River to expose macroinvertebrates, @entity1 , and steelhead trout to flow-through river water containing urban runoff during storm events. Bifenthrin from urban runoff was found in river water following 5 rain events, reaching 14.6   ng/L. Mortality to the exposed salmonids was not observed, and sublethal effects were not seen in vitellogenin or sex steroid levels. Indirect effects via @entity0 to salmonid prey are possible. Mortality to Hyalella azteca, a potential prey, was observed in every event tested, and peak bifenthrin concentrations were comparable to the 96-h EC50 of the caddisfly, Hydropsyche sp., the most important prey species on a biomass basis for American River @entity1 . The other invertebrates tested had EC50s exceeding bifenthrin concentrations seen in the American River, though could potentially be at risk at concentrations previously reported in smaller urban tributaries. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;9999:1-9.    2014 SETAC.

title: Effects of pyrethroid insecticides in urban runoff on XXXX , steelhead trout, and their invertebrate prey.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND:: When @entity2 @entity0 arrive in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity6 frequently is present. The time course, however, in which this @entity6 develops is poorly understood. No study has fully evaluated the coagulation status, including thromboelastometry on-scene and at hospital arrival. We hypothesized that measured coagulation variables might change when measured at the scene of injury and upon arrival to the @entity3 . METHODS:: We performed a prospective, single-center, observational study investigating coagulation status in 50 @entity2 @entity0 on-scene and at arrival in the @entity3 . Measurements included arterial blood gases, ROTEM  , protein S100, protein C activity, protein S, Quick value, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, D-dimer, coagulation factor V (FV), coagulation factor XIII (FXIII), @entity8 , hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, and volume and blood products being administered during the first 24 hours. RESULTS:: Significant changes between on-scene and the @entity3 were observed for the following values: partial venous @entity1 pressure increased and @entity7 , @entity4 , and @entity5 decreased. For EXTEM, INTEM, and APTEM, clotting time and clot formation time increased significantly, whereas maximal clot firmness and angle a decreased significantly (all P  <= 0.004). For FIBTEM, clotting time increased significantly and maximal clot firmness decreased significantly. In the laboratory, significant reductions in hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time, @entity8 , FV, FXIII, protein C activity, protein S, and protein S100 were observed (all P  <= 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:: Although most all laboratory and rotational @entity9 tests worsened over time when measured on-scene and in the @entity3 , monitoring coagulation at the scene of @entity2 does not provide clinically important information in a majority of @entity2 @entity0 . One hour after injury, significant activation and consumption of @entity8 , FV, FXIII, protein C activity, and protein S were observed.

title: Changes in Coagulation in Standard Laboratory Tests and ROTEM in XXXX @entity0 Between On-Scene and Arrival in the Emergency Department.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND:: When @entity2 @entity0 arrive in the @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity6 frequently is present. The time course, however, in which this @entity6 develops is poorly understood. No study has fully evaluated the coagulation status, including thromboelastometry on-scene and at hospital arrival. We hypothesized that measured coagulation variables might change when measured at the scene of injury and upon arrival to the @entity3 . METHODS:: We performed a prospective, single-center, observational study investigating coagulation status in 50 @entity2 @entity0 on-scene and at arrival in the @entity3 . Measurements included arterial blood gases, ROTEM  , protein S100, protein C activity, protein S, Quick value, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, D-dimer, coagulation factor V (FV), coagulation factor XIII (FXIII), @entity8 , hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, and volume and blood products being administered during the first 24 hours. RESULTS:: Significant changes between on-scene and the @entity3 were observed for the following values: partial venous @entity1 pressure increased and @entity7 , @entity4 , and @entity5 decreased. For EXTEM, INTEM, and APTEM, clotting time and clot formation time increased significantly, whereas maximal clot firmness and angle a decreased significantly (all P  <= 0.004). For FIBTEM, clotting time increased significantly and maximal clot firmness decreased significantly. In the laboratory, significant reductions in hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time, @entity8 , FV, FXIII, protein C activity, protein S, and protein S100 were observed (all P  <= 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:: Although most all laboratory and rotational @entity9 tests worsened over time when measured on-scene and in the @entity3 , monitoring coagulation at the scene of @entity2 does not provide clinically important information in a majority of @entity2 @entity0 . One hour after injury, significant activation and consumption of @entity8 , FV, FXIII, protein C activity, and protein S were observed.

title: Changes in Coagulation in Standard Laboratory Tests and ROTEM in @entity2 XXXX Between On-Scene and Arrival in the Emergency Department.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Abdominal wall hernias through the arcuate line termed Spigelian hernias are uncommon. These hernias presenting as a Richter-type, with strangulation of part of the circumference of the bowel wall is very rare. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a 27-year-old male @entity0 who presented with a @entity2 . LITERATURE REVIEW: A MEDLINE literature search of this rare entity yielded six publications presenting Richter-type Spigelian hernias. All of these articles and accompanying references were thoroughly reviewed. There was no gender or anatomical side predominance among the @entity0 . All except our @entity0 presented here were elderly. @entity1 was the most common symptom and was present in all @entity0 . All @entity0 underwent surgical repair and none reported recurrence of their @entity2 afterwards. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: @entity2 is rare and has been reported infrequently in the existing literature. Clinical diagnosis is challenging and CT scan is the diagnostic study of choice. Surgical repair is the definitive treatment and involves primary or mesh repair of the defect as appropriate. Necrotic bowel should be resected and we recommend biologic mesh repair in these cases if the defect is large.

title: XXXX : A case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Musculoskeletal hydatid disease is a rare pathology and its diagnosis is often delayed because of slowly growing mass without @entity1 . It is critical to suspicious clinical diagnosis in rural endemic areas and for preoperative diagnosis of this disease. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We present a 9-year-old @entity0 referred with mass located on the anterolateral part of distal thigh. Diagnosis was verified with MRI histopathologically for the presence of hydatid cyst located in vastus lateralis muscle. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for further imaging. MRI showed an oval cystic mass approximately 77*20*18mm in the left vastus lateralis muscle, containing round-shaped daughter cysts. @entity0 were treated with surgical excision and medical therapy. Clinical, radiological and serologic tests showed no recurrence after treatment. DISCUSSION: The muscle is considered an unfavorable site for hydatidosis because of its high lactic acid level that creates an unfavorable milieu for growth. The detachment of the germinative membrane from pericyst (water-lily sign) is considered to be pathognomonic and is reported in locations other than the liver and lung in magnetic resonance imaging. Surgery is the most effective way to treat hydatid cysts. Complete surgical resection and medical therapy are the preferred treatment for @entity2 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 in vastus lateralis is a very rare disease. @entity2 should be kept in mind when observing soft tissue mass of the extremities in @entity0 from areas endemic of @entity3 .

title: An unusual cause of mass localized on vastus lateralis muscle in childhood: XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Over the last 9 yr approximately 4000 @entity0 have had physiologic monitoring with UAC at Vanderbilt University Medical Center. A larger number of them had minor @entity1 complications prompting removal of the catheter, but 41 @entity0 had major @entity5 requiring varying degrees of surgical management. The place of surgery is clear in @entity0 with @entity4 due to vascular avulsion related to catheter removal. @entity0 with @entity3 may be treated expectantly although significant @entity2 may occur. Occlusions at the femoral level allow limb survival, but the long-term outlook is not known; perhaps these @entity0 may better be subjected to femoral thrombectomy in the future. Peripheral pulses are not normal early and Doppler studies suggest that collateral circulation is responsible for limb survival. Whether this will be sufficient to support adequate limb growth and function remains to be seen. @entity0 with signs of aortoiliac or @entity3 should be rapidly investigated and operated upon if survival is to be obtained. This study suggests that an aggressive surgical approach is in order. Computer-assisted radionuclide flow studies are helpful in diagnosing major @entity3 , as well as for followup.

title: Management of major XXXX complications of umbilical artery catheters.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Microbial synthesis of nanoparticles is a green approach that interconnects nanotechnology and microbial biotechnology. Here, we synthesized the @entity0 nanoparticles (AgNPs) using bacterial strains of @entity2 , Bacillus subtilius and Streptomyces anulatus. We tested the efficacy of AgNPs against the larvae, pupae and adults of Anopheles stephensi and @entity1 . We have also investigated the antifungal activity of AgNPs against the soil keratinophilic fungus of Chrysosporium keratinophilum. The efficacy tests were then performed at different concentrations and varying numbers of hours by probit analysis. The results were obtained using a UV-visible spectrophotometer, and the images were recorded with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The synthesized AgNPs were in varied shape and sizes. The larvae and pupae of Cx. quinquefasciatus were found highly susceptible to AgNPs synthesized using the @entity2 , B. subtilius and S. anulatus than the An. stephensi, while the adults of An. stephensi were found more susceptible to the AgNPs synthesized using the @entity2 , B. subtilius and S. anulatus the Cx. quinquefasciatus. Further, these nanoparticles have also been tested as antifungal activity against the entomopathogenic fungus C. keratinophilum. The higher zone of inhibition occurred at the concentration level of 50   l. This study gives an innovative approach to develop eco-friendly AgNPs which act as an effective antifungal agent/fungicide and insecticide.

title: Antimicrobial and mosquitocidal activity of microbial synthesized XXXX nanoparticles.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Introduction. Sleep problems are common in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and may persist during the euthymic phase of the disease. The aim of the study was to improve @entity1 of euthymic @entity3 @entity0 through the administration of prefronto-cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Methods. 25 euthymic outpatients with a diagnosis of @entity3 Type I or II have been enrolled in the study. tDCS montage was as follows: cathode on the @entity2 the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC); the intensity of stimulation was set at 2   mA and delivered for 20   min/die for 3 consecutive weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess @entity1 at baseline and after the tDCS treatment. Results. PSQI total score and all PSQI subdomains, with the exception of "sleep medication," significantly improved after treatment. Discussion. This is the first study where a positive effect of tDCS on the quality of sleep in euthymic @entity3 @entity0 has been reported. As both prefrontal cortex and cerebellum may play a role in regulating sleep processes, concomitant cathodal (inhibitory) stimulation of cerebellum and anodal (excitatory) stimulation of DLPFC may have the potential to modulate prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuits leading to improvements of @entity1 .

title: Prefronto-cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation improves XXXX in euthymic bipolar @entity0 : a brief report.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Introduction. Sleep problems are common in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and may persist during the euthymic phase of the disease. The aim of the study was to improve @entity1 of euthymic @entity3 @entity0 through the administration of prefronto-cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Methods. 25 euthymic outpatients with a diagnosis of @entity3 Type I or II have been enrolled in the study. tDCS montage was as follows: cathode on the @entity2 the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC); the intensity of stimulation was set at 2   mA and delivered for 20   min/die for 3 consecutive weeks. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess @entity1 at baseline and after the tDCS treatment. Results. PSQI total score and all PSQI subdomains, with the exception of "sleep medication," significantly improved after treatment. Discussion. This is the first study where a positive effect of tDCS on the quality of sleep in euthymic @entity3 @entity0 has been reported. As both prefrontal cortex and cerebellum may play a role in regulating sleep processes, concomitant cathodal (inhibitory) stimulation of cerebellum and anodal (excitatory) stimulation of DLPFC may have the potential to modulate prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuits leading to improvements of @entity1 .

title: Prefronto-cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation improves @entity1 in euthymic bipolar XXXX : a brief report.

answer: @entity0