abstract: UNASSIGNED: Expression of the Down syndrome critical region 1 ( @entity9 ) protein, an inhibitor of the @entity2 -dependent phosphatase @entity8 , is elevated in the brains of @entity0 with Down syndrome (DS) or @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Although increased levels of @entity9 were often observed to be deleterious to neuronal health, its beneficial effects against @entity3 neuropathology also have been reported, and the roles of @entity9 on the pathogenesis of @entity3 remain controversial. Here, we investigated the role of sarah ( @entity10 )/nebula, a @entity5 @entity9 ortholog, in amyloid-b42 (Ab42)-induced neurological phenotypes in @entity5 . We detected @entity10 expression in the mushroom bodies of the @entity5 brain, which are a center for learning and memory in flies. Moreover, similar to @entity0 with @entity3 , Ab42-expressing flies showed increased @entity10 levels in the brain, demonstrating that the expression pattern of @entity9 with regard to @entity3 pathogenesis is conserved in @entity5 . Interestingly, overexpression of @entity10 using the UAS-GAL4 system exacerbated the rough eye phenotype, decreased survival rates, and increased neuronal cell death in Ab42-expressing flies without modulating Ab42 expression. Moreover, neuronal overexpression of @entity10 in combination with Ab42 dramatically reduced both locomotor activity and the adult lifespan of Ab42-expressing flies, while flies with overexpression of @entity10 alone showed normal climbing ability albeit with a slightly reduced lifespan. Similarly, treatment with chemical inhibitors of @entity8 such as @entity7 and @entity4 , or knockdown of @entity8 expression by RNAi, exacerbated the Ab42-induced rough eye phenotype. Furthermore, @entity10 -overexpressing flies displayed significantly decreased mitochondrial DNA and @entity6 levels, as well as increased susceptibility to oxidative stress compared to that of control flies. Taken together, our results demonstrating that @entity10 overexpression augments Ab42 @entity1 in @entity5 suggest that @entity9 up-regulation or @entity8 down-regulation in the brain may exacerbate Ab42-associated neuropathogenesis in @entity3 or DS.

title: The @entity8 inhibitor, Sarah/Nebula, exacerbates Ab42 phenotypes in a XXXX model of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Expression of the Down syndrome critical region 1 ( @entity9 ) protein, an inhibitor of the @entity2 -dependent phosphatase @entity8 , is elevated in the brains of @entity0 with Down syndrome (DS) or @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Although increased levels of @entity9 were often observed to be deleterious to neuronal health, its beneficial effects against @entity3 neuropathology also have been reported, and the roles of @entity9 on the pathogenesis of @entity3 remain controversial. Here, we investigated the role of sarah ( @entity10 )/nebula, a @entity5 @entity9 ortholog, in amyloid-b42 (Ab42)-induced neurological phenotypes in @entity5 . We detected @entity10 expression in the mushroom bodies of the @entity5 brain, which are a center for learning and memory in flies. Moreover, similar to @entity0 with @entity3 , Ab42-expressing flies showed increased @entity10 levels in the brain, demonstrating that the expression pattern of @entity9 with regard to @entity3 pathogenesis is conserved in @entity5 . Interestingly, overexpression of @entity10 using the UAS-GAL4 system exacerbated the rough eye phenotype, decreased survival rates, and increased neuronal cell death in Ab42-expressing flies without modulating Ab42 expression. Moreover, neuronal overexpression of @entity10 in combination with Ab42 dramatically reduced both locomotor activity and the adult lifespan of Ab42-expressing flies, while flies with overexpression of @entity10 alone showed normal climbing ability albeit with a slightly reduced lifespan. Similarly, treatment with chemical inhibitors of @entity8 such as @entity7 and @entity4 , or knockdown of @entity8 expression by RNAi, exacerbated the Ab42-induced rough eye phenotype. Furthermore, @entity10 -overexpressing flies displayed significantly decreased mitochondrial DNA and @entity6 levels, as well as increased susceptibility to oxidative stress compared to that of control flies. Taken together, our results demonstrating that @entity10 overexpression augments Ab42 @entity1 in @entity5 suggest that @entity9 up-regulation or @entity8 down-regulation in the brain may exacerbate Ab42-associated neuropathogenesis in @entity3 or DS.

title: The @entity8 inhibitor, Sarah/Nebula, exacerbates Ab42 phenotypes in a @entity5 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Thirty-three inpatients (22 females, 11 males, aged 79.4    9.5 years) were investigated in this prospective cohort study to study the @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 in geriatric inpatients. Clinical and electrodiagnostic investigations, routine laboratory, including thyroid parameters, @entity10 , @entity12 , @entity9 , @entity13 , @entity11 and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured in serum, the mini-mental state examination and computed tomographic scanning were performed in each @entity0 . @entity7 was found clinically and electrodiagnostically in 96% of @entity0 . Age was the most precipitating factor for @entity7 , and was significantly correlated to electrodiagnostic changes in the nerves investigated in both, upper and lower extremities, while clinical symptoms were confined only to the feet. Correlation was seen between @entity9 and the amplitude of the sural nerve (surAmpl) (rs = -0.406, p = 0.029) as well as the sural nerve conduction velocity (surNCV) (rs = -0.389, p = 0.037), and between @entity13 and the grade of denervation (rs = 0.445, p = 0.014) in our @entity0 . @entity13 and @entity11 did not correlate significantly, but there was a trend to higher @entity11 concentrations in @entity0 with higher @entity13 levels (rs = 0.344, p = 0.062). A trend of a correlation was seen between higher @entity9 concentrations and the number of changes in electrodiagnostic measurements (rs = 0.354, p = 0.055). Twenty-one of the 33 @entity0 (64%) were demented, 9 (27%) presented clinically as mild @entity2 , 3 (9%) were not demented. Vascular risk factors were found in 83%: @entity3 in 58%, hypercholesterinemia in 39%, @entity5 in 36%, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in 21%, peripheral @entity8 (PAD) in 9%. A significant correlation was found between @entity9 and @entity10 concentrations (rs = -0.401, p = 0.028). Falls were reported in 48% of cases, indicating @entity7 as a risk factor in this group of @entity0 . In conclusion, @entity7 was found very common with a high coincidence with @entity6 and a female preponderance, suggesting an influence on daily life (falls) in our subjects studied. @entity7 correlated significantly with markers for @entity8 as well as immune activation ( @entity9 and @entity13 ) similar to earlier findings in @entity0 with @entity4 , suggesting common therapeutic options in @entity0 with @entity7 and @entity6 .

title: XXXX and @entity6 in old age: common inflammatory and vascular parameters.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Thirty-three inpatients (22 females, 11 males, aged 79.4    9.5 years) were investigated in this prospective cohort study to study the @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity6 in geriatric inpatients. Clinical and electrodiagnostic investigations, routine laboratory, including thyroid parameters, @entity10 , @entity12 , @entity9 , @entity13 , @entity11 and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured in serum, the mini-mental state examination and computed tomographic scanning were performed in each @entity0 . @entity7 was found clinically and electrodiagnostically in 96% of @entity0 . Age was the most precipitating factor for @entity7 , and was significantly correlated to electrodiagnostic changes in the nerves investigated in both, upper and lower extremities, while clinical symptoms were confined only to the feet. Correlation was seen between @entity9 and the amplitude of the sural nerve (surAmpl) (rs = -0.406, p = 0.029) as well as the sural nerve conduction velocity (surNCV) (rs = -0.389, p = 0.037), and between @entity13 and the grade of denervation (rs = 0.445, p = 0.014) in our @entity0 . @entity13 and @entity11 did not correlate significantly, but there was a trend to higher @entity11 concentrations in @entity0 with higher @entity13 levels (rs = 0.344, p = 0.062). A trend of a correlation was seen between higher @entity9 concentrations and the number of changes in electrodiagnostic measurements (rs = 0.354, p = 0.055). Twenty-one of the 33 @entity0 (64%) were demented, 9 (27%) presented clinically as mild @entity2 , 3 (9%) were not demented. Vascular risk factors were found in 83%: @entity3 in 58%, hypercholesterinemia in 39%, @entity5 in 36%, @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in 21%, peripheral @entity8 (PAD) in 9%. A significant correlation was found between @entity9 and @entity10 concentrations (rs = -0.401, p = 0.028). Falls were reported in 48% of cases, indicating @entity7 as a risk factor in this group of @entity0 . In conclusion, @entity7 was found very common with a high coincidence with @entity6 and a female preponderance, suggesting an influence on daily life (falls) in our subjects studied. @entity7 correlated significantly with markers for @entity8 as well as immune activation ( @entity9 and @entity13 ) similar to earlier findings in @entity0 with @entity4 , suggesting common therapeutic options in @entity0 with @entity7 and @entity6 .

title: @entity7 and XXXX in old age: common inflammatory and vascular parameters.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity8 is the most common cause of anal @entity2 associated with internal anal sphincter @entity7 . Reduction of hypertonocity is a special treatment for fissure healing. For this purpose chronic anal fissures were conventionally treated by anal dilatation or by lateral sphincterotomy. However, both of these methods may cause a degree of @entity3 in some @entity0 . The uptake of medical therapies that create a reversible chemical sphincterotomy has recently become widespread. The aim of this prospective clinical trial study was to assess the effectiveness of @entity5 in healing anal fissure, a @entity4 channel blocker that reduces sphincter pressure. A single-blind randomized comparative trial was setup to compare traditional treatment with stool softeners and 2% @entity6 cream against 0.5% @entity5 cream for 4 weeks. 110 @entity0 were included in this study, 60 @entity0 in the @entity5 group and 50 @entity0 in the control group and the therapeutic outcome and side effects were recorded. Healing had occurred in 70% of @entity0 in the @entity5 group and in 12% of @entity0 in the control group after 4 weeks treatment (P < 0.005). Recurrence of symptoms occurred in four of healed @entity0 in the @entity5 group and three @entity0 in the control group in two months. The final result of @entity5 application after 12 months follow up was recurrence in 11 @entity0 (26.19%). Mild @entity1 occurred in four @entity0 (6.6%) of the @entity5 group. @entity0 in the @entity5 group showed significant healing and relief from @entity2 compared with @entity0 in the control group. Recurrence rate with @entity5 use in spite of control of predisposing factors such as constipation was significant. Another finding was low complication rate with this treatment.

title: The effect of topical XXXX in treatment of chronic anal fissure.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity4 is common in neonates; it can have a serious rising course. Due to its critical morbidity called "kernicterus", severe @entity5 causes which lead to exchange transfusion, should be clarified. This descriptive cross sectional study performed with reviewing of files of 118 neonates weighting 2kg and more who had exchange transfusion in pediatrics ward at Ghaem training hospital in Mashhad from April 2004 to March 2007. Among 118 @entity0 , 75 (63.6%) were male, and 43 @entity0 (36.4%) were female. The most common cause of exchange transfusion was ABO incompatibility (38.1%). In order of frequency, unknown etiology (25.4%), @entity6 (16.1%) with no immune hydrops, @entity2 (8.5%), @entity1 (5.1%) and others (3.4%) (Including Crigler-Najjar and cephalohematoma) were next ones. Vaginal delivery and exclusive breast feeding were detected as associated factors. Mean serum @entity3 levels was 28.7 mg/dl (SD. 9.2) ABO incompatibility. ABO incompatibility was the main cause of exchange transfusion. Male gender, vaginal delivery and exclusive breast feeding were seen more among @entity0 who need to be exchanged. So in case of ABO incompatibility especially when delivery route is vaginal, newborns should be visited soon again after early discharge from hospital.

title: Severe XXXX ; causes and contributing factors leading to exchange transfusion at Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the short-term and long-term clinical courses of @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) who underwent different treatments and identify predictive factors for relapse of @entity4 after @entity2 therapy. METHODS: Clinical courses of 50 @entity4 @entity0 followed up for more than 1 year (median 40 months, range: 12-173 months) were examined. @entity0 were subdivided according to initial treatments as follows: surgical procedures in 10 @entity0 , supportive therapy in 11 @entity0 , and @entity2 therapy in 29 @entity0 . RESULTS: Of the surgically treated @entity0 , two underwent @entity2 therapy later because of progressive extensive @entity7 , respectively. Five conservatively followed-up @entity0 were later given @entity2 therapy because of exacerbation of @entity4 involving the @entity5 . @entity2 therapy was effective in all @entity0 . @entity8 and salivary gland dysfunction improved after @entity2 therapy in 100, 85, and 75% of @entity0 , respectively. @entity4 relapsed in five @entity0 initially treated with @entity2 , and presence of hilar @entity5 stenosis and elevated serum IgG4 levels were significantly associated with relapse. Two relapsed @entity4 @entity0 developed a pancreatic stone 2 and 3 years later. Although seven @entity0 died, no @entity0 died of @entity3 or developed @entity6 . CONCLUSION: Most @entity4 @entity0 treated with @entity2 had good short-term and long-term outcomes clinically, morphologically, and functionally. Hilar @entity5 stenosis and elevated serum IgG4 levels were predictors of @entity4 relapse after @entity2 therapy. As some @entity0 developed pancreatic stone formation or a @entity1 during or after @entity2 therapy, @entity4 @entity0 should be rigorously followed up.

title: Short-term and long-term outcomes of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Clinical symptoms, radiological finding and functional results of @entity0 with @entity3 were followed in a dispensary about 10 years. We compared the progress of 10 @entity0 with @entity5 histologically proved and of 19 @entity0 without any previous evidence of @entity2 but suspicious of developing @entity2 at present. In both groups we found a rising proportion of @entity0 suffering from dyspnoe on exertion and from increasing impairment. Functionally a significant decrease of the vital capacity was found especially in @entity0 with @entity2 . The course of @entity1 tension during physical exercise on a bicycle ergometer was well correlated to the dyspnoe on exertion. An @entity4 already existing at the start of the observation period was found to have an unfavourable influence on the progress of the @entity3 . Eight @entity0 being suspicious of a developing @entity2 were investigated clinically. On 5 @entity0 a @entity5 could be confirmed. A treatment using corticoids was started. To find a progression of a known @entity3 in due time, it is necessary to check thoroughly these @entity0 functionally and radiologically in a dispensary at regular intervals.

title: [Ambulatory care of XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The purpose of the study was to evaluate prognostic indicators in @entity0 receiving endoscopic injection @entity4 for @entity2 esophageal varices. The results below were obtained from a prospective nonrandomized study in which the @entity0 were subdivided into the following groups (subsets): elective sclerotherapy--10, active variceal @entity2 at endoscopy--47, active variceal @entity2 with spontaneous resolution at the time of endoscopy--21, and gastric variceal @entity2 --nine. The data were analyzed as follows: 14 variables possibly affecting 6-wk survival were evaluated by stepwise logistic regression analysis. Variables examined were subset, age, sex, @entity0 's classification, ascites, comorbid conditions, SGOT, @entity3 , protime, @entity5 , volume of initial bleed, volume of rebleed, rebleed rate, and Blakemore tube use. Survival curves were also compared using the Kaplan-Meier methodology. The following results were obtained. First, the subsets above had significantly different survival curve patterns with the elective endoscopic injection @entity4 group having the best prognosis and the gastric variceal bleeders a significantly poorer survival. Second, stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed the following four significant variable prognostic indicators: comorbid factors, subset, @entity0 's classification, and serum @entity5 . Although the latter two variables, @entity0 's class (p = 0.03) and @entity5 (p = 0.1) had an impact on six week survival, this was no longer seen when subset (p = 0.0124) and comorbid factors (p = 0.003) were taken into account. We conclude that comorbid factors and subsets of variceal @entity2 in themselves were the only two prognostic indicators showing a statistically significant association with 6-wk and long-term survival. In contrast, the more usual clinical prognostic parameters, i.e., the physical findings and biochemical test of liver function in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 , were of lesser prognostic magnitude.

title: Prognostic indicators in XXXX after treatment by schlerotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Emergency portacaval shunt for @entity3 is associated with a high operative mortality, particularly if used as a last resort. Because of this, a strong case has been made against emergency shunt. This report describes an experience with emergency portacaval shunt for the treatment of @entity3 when used systematically after hemodynamic stabilization and control of the @entity3 episode with balloon tamponade, if necessary, in @entity0 with mild or moderate @entity2 . The population studied comprised 62 consecutive @entity0 who rebled from varices while participating in a controlled trial of @entity4 for the prevention of rebleeding. Of the 62 @entity0 , nine died of massive @entity3 and 53 survived the @entity3 . Of the 53 survivors, 11 had severe @entity2 and were not considered for shunt surgery. Of the remaining 42 @entity0 with mild or moderate @entity2 , 36 had emergency central portacaval shunt. The interval between endoscopic diagnosis of @entity3 and surgery averaged 19 +/- 3 hours (mean +/- SE). The operative mortality rate, defined as in-hospital mortality, was 19%. One- and 2-year survival rates were 78% and 71%, respectively. The incidence of postoperative hepatic @entity1 was 36%; all @entity0 responded favorably to protein restriction and lactulose. Thus, under specific conditions, emergency portacaval shunt results in an acceptable long-term survival rate. In @entity0 with mild or moderate @entity2 , emergency portacaval shunt should be considered when other forms of treatment for the prevention of variceal rebleeding have failed.

title: Emergency portacaval shunt for XXXX . A prospective study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Unrelieved pressure or friction of the skin, particularly over bony prominences, can lead to pressure @entity4 in up to one third of @entity0 in hospitals or community care, and one fifth of nursing home residents. Pressure @entity4 are more likely in @entity0 with reduced mobility and poor @entity2 , such as older @entity0 or those with @entity3 . METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We conducted a systematic overview, aiming to answer the following clinical question: What are the effects of treatments in @entity0 with pressure @entity4 ? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to January 2014 (Clinical Evidence overviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this overview). RESULTS: At this update, searching of electronic databases retrieved 307 studies. After deduplication and removal of conference abstracts, 203 records were screened for inclusion in the overview. Appraisal of titles and abstracts led to the exclusion of 163 studies and the further review of 40 full publications. Of the 40 full articles evaluated, seven systematic reviews and two RCTs were added at this update. We performed a GRADE evaluation for 15 PICO combinations. CONCLUSIONS: In this systematic overview, we categorised the efficacy for 15 interventions based on information about the effectiveness and safety of air-fluidised supports, alternating-pressure surfaces (including mattresses), debridement, dressings, electrotherapy, hyperbaric @entity1 , low-air-loss beds, low-level laser therapy, low-tech constant-low-pressure supports, nutritional supplements, seat cushions, surgery, therapeutic ultrasound, topical negative pressure, and topical @entity5 .

title: Pressure XXXX : treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most @entity1 @entity0 with skeletal metastases have a short survival and it is difficult to identify those @entity0 who will benefit from palliative surgery. We report complication and survival rates in a consecutive series of @entity1 @entity0 who were operated for symptomatic skeletal metastases. METHODS: This study was based on data recorded in the Karolinska Skeletal Metastasis Register. The study period was 1987-2006. We identified 98 @entity1 @entity0 (52 females). The median age at surgery was 62 (34-88) years. 78 lesions were located in the femur or spine. RESULTS: The median survival time after surgery was 3 (0-127) months. The cumulative 12-month survival after surgery was 13% (95% CI: 6-20). There was a difference between the survival after spinal surgery (2 months) and after extremity surgery (4 months) (p = 0.03). Complete pathological fracture in non-spinal metastases (50 @entity0 ) was an independent negative predictor of survival ( @entity2 , 95% CI: 1-3). 16 of 31 @entity0 with spinal metastases experienced a considerable improvement in their neurological function after surgery. The overall complication rate was 20%, including a reoperation rate of 15%. INTERPRETATION: Bone metastases and their subsequent surgical treatment in @entity1 @entity0 are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Our findings will help to set appropriate expectations for these @entity0 , their families, and surgeons.

title: Surgery for skeletal metastases in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Adoptive immunotherapy of @entity0 @entity1 was investigated in our institution as part of a National @entity1 Institute extramural group study. This treatment, for @entity0 with metastatic @entity6 , @entity13 , and @entity11 , consisted of three phases: (a) 5 days of i.v. high-dose (10(5) units/kg every 8 h) @entity12 , (b) 6 1/2 days of rest plus leukapheresis; and (c) 4 days of high-dose @entity12 plus three infusions of autologous @entity12 -activated killer cells. @entity2 included @entity3 , chills, @entity9 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity5 , and fluid retention. @entity10 is known to be important to cell-mediated immunity, and it has been reported to be depleted during physiologically stressful events. Therefore, we determined plasma @entity10 levels in @entity0 (n = 11) before adoptive immunotherapy and before and after Phases 1, 2, and 3 of treatment. @entity0 entering the trial were not malnourished. Mean plasma @entity10 levels were normal (0.64 +/- 0.25 mg/dl) before therapy. Mean levels dropped by 80% after the first phase of treatment with high-dose @entity12 alone (0.13 +/- 0.08 mg/dl). Mean plasma @entity10 levels remained severely depleted (0.08 to 0.13 mg/dl) throughout the remainder of the treatment, becoming undetectable (less than 0.05 mg/dl) in eight of 11 @entity0 during this time. Values obtained from 24-h urine collections on two of two @entity0 indicated that @entity14 was not excreted in the urine. Plasma @entity10 normalized in three of three @entity0 tested 1 mo after the completion of treatment. Unlike the results for @entity10 , blood pantothenate and plasma @entity4 remained within normal limits in all 11 @entity0 throughout the phases of therapy. Responders (n = 3) differed from nonresponders (n = 8) in that plasma @entity14 levels in the former recovered to at least 0.1 mg/dl (frank clinical scurvy) during Phases 2 and 3, whereas levels in the latter fell below this level.

title: Severe hypovitaminosis C occurring as the result of adoptive immunotherapy with high-dose XXXX and @entity12 -activated killer cells.

answer: @entity12


abstract: Adoptive immunotherapy of @entity0 @entity1 was investigated in our institution as part of a National @entity1 Institute extramural group study. This treatment, for @entity0 with metastatic @entity6 , @entity13 , and @entity11 , consisted of three phases: (a) 5 days of i.v. high-dose (10(5) units/kg every 8 h) @entity12 , (b) 6 1/2 days of rest plus leukapheresis; and (c) 4 days of high-dose @entity12 plus three infusions of autologous @entity12 -activated killer cells. @entity2 included @entity3 , chills, @entity9 , @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity5 , and fluid retention. @entity10 is known to be important to cell-mediated immunity, and it has been reported to be depleted during physiologically stressful events. Therefore, we determined plasma @entity10 levels in @entity0 (n = 11) before adoptive immunotherapy and before and after Phases 1, 2, and 3 of treatment. @entity0 entering the trial were not malnourished. Mean plasma @entity10 levels were normal (0.64 +/- 0.25 mg/dl) before therapy. Mean levels dropped by 80% after the first phase of treatment with high-dose @entity12 alone (0.13 +/- 0.08 mg/dl). Mean plasma @entity10 levels remained severely depleted (0.08 to 0.13 mg/dl) throughout the remainder of the treatment, becoming undetectable (less than 0.05 mg/dl) in eight of 11 @entity0 during this time. Values obtained from 24-h urine collections on two of two @entity0 indicated that @entity14 was not excreted in the urine. Plasma @entity10 normalized in three of three @entity0 tested 1 mo after the completion of treatment. Unlike the results for @entity10 , blood pantothenate and plasma @entity4 remained within normal limits in all 11 @entity0 throughout the phases of therapy. Responders (n = 3) differed from nonresponders (n = 8) in that plasma @entity14 levels in the former recovered to at least 0.1 mg/dl (frank clinical scurvy) during Phases 2 and 3, whereas levels in the latter fell below this level.

title: Severe hypovitaminosis C occurring as the result of adoptive immunotherapy with high-dose @entity12 and XXXX -activated killer cells.

answer: @entity12


abstract: We examined the relationship between maternal reproductive history and the newborn's risk of isolated @entity2 in a large case-control cohort from the Polish Registry of @entity2 . @entity2 were classified into four categories: isolated @entity5 (n=1673), isolated @entity3 (n=255), @entity4 with or without @entity3 (n=448) and @entity1 (n=103). The case groups were compared with a shared group of 2068 controls recruited in the same time period and geographic area. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the risk associated with maternal gravidity and of previous miscarriages after accounting for maternal age and other potential risk factors. In unadjusted analyses, maternal gravidity was significantly associated with increased risk of all four classes of @entity2 . After adjustment, a significant association persisted for @entity5 [odds ratio (OR)=1.22, [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09, 1.36], P=0.0007] and @entity4 with or without @entity3 (OR=1.21, [95% CI 1.09, 1.36], P=0.0005). A similar trend existed for isolated @entity3 (OR=1.18, [95% CI 1.02, 1.37], P=0.03). There was no appreciable increase in the risk of @entity2 associated with a maternal history of miscarriages, but a trend for a protective effect on the occurrence of @entity4 with or without @entity3 was observed (OR=0.72, [95% CI 0.52, 0.99], P=0.045). Based on our data, maternal gravidity represents a significant risk factor for @entity5 and @entity4 with or without @entity3 in the newborn @entity0 . Our data do not support an increase in risk because of past history of miscarriages.

title: Maternal reproductive history and the risk of isolated XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We prospectively studied the risk of secondary transmission of invasive @entity2 type b (Hib) disease among @entity0 in day care in @entity4 . We established a statewide surveillance system for the reporting of all forms of invasive @entity5 from physicians, clinical laboratories, county health departments, and infection control practitioners from all hospitals in and bordering @entity4 . For the 2-year period March 15, 1984, to March 15, 1986, there were 409 culture-confirmed cases of invasive @entity5 in @entity0 12 years of age or younger; 147 (37%) case- @entity0 attended day care. When a case- @entity0 attended day care during the week before illness, we prospectively identified and observed all classroom contacts (n = 2147) for the next 60 days. Of 1253 classroom contacts younger than 4 years of age, seven (0.6%) secondary cases were identified. Isolates from all paired index and secondary cases had identical @entity6 ( @entity6 ) patterns. Strains causing @entity1 were indistinguishable by @entity6 distribution from those causing secondary disease. Of 685 classroom contacts younger than 2 years of age from whom @entity3 use was ascertained, five (1.7%) of 292 who did not receive @entity3 became secondary cases, compared with one (0.3%) of 393 who received @entity3 (rate ratio 6.7; 95% confidence limits 1.1, 42.5; P less than 0.05). Of 495 classroom contacts 24 to 47 months of age for whom @entity3 use was ascertained, one (0.5%) of 194 who did not receive @entity3 became a secondary case, compared with none of 301 who received @entity3 . This experience indicates that secondary transmission of invasive @entity5 can be appreciable in day care settings, particularly in @entity0 younger than 2 years of age, and that @entity3 prophylaxis reduces this risk.

title: Transmission of invasive XXXX type b disease in day care settings.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Importance: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is the most devastating adverse event in @entity0 receiving oral anticoagulation. There is only sparse evidence regarding @entity4 related to the use of non- @entity5 antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) agents. Objective: To evaluate the early clinical and radiological course, acute management, and outcome of @entity4 related to NOAC use. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : Prospective investigator-initiated, multicenter observational study. All diagnostic and treatment decisions, including administration of hemostatic factors (eg, prothrombin complex concentrate), were left to the discretion of the treating physicians. The setting was 38 @entity1 units across Germany (February 1, 2012, to December 31, 2014). The study included 61 consecutive @entity0 with nontraumatic NOAC-associated @entity4 , of whom 45 (74%) qualified for the @entity3 expansion analysis. Main Outcomes and Measures: @entity3 expansion, @entity2 , and reversal of anticoagulation during the acute phase. Recorded were the 3-month functional outcome, factors associated with an unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3-6), any new intraventricular extension or an increase in the modified Graeb score by at least 2 points, and the frequency of substantial @entity3 expansion (defined as relative [>= 33%] or absolute [>= 6-mL] volume increase). Results: In total, 41% (25 of 61) of @entity0 with NOAC-associated @entity4 were female, and the mean (SD) @entity0 age was 76.1 (11.6) years. At admission, the median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 10 (interquartile range, 4-18). The mean (SD) baseline @entity3 volume was 23.7 (31.3) mL. In @entity0 with sequential imaging for the @entity3 expansion analysis, substantial @entity3 expansion occurred in 38% (17 of 45). New or @entity2 was observed in 18% (8 of 45). Overall mortality was 28% (17 of 60 [follow-up data were missing in 1 @entity0 ]) at 3 months, and 65% (28 of 43) of survivors had an unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3-6). Overall, 57% (35 of 61) of the @entity0 received prothrombin complex concentrate, with no statistically significant effect on the frequency of substantial @entity3 expansion (43% [12 of 28] for prothrombin complex concentrate vs 29% [5 of 17] for no prothrombin complex concentrate, P   =   .53), or on the occurrence of an unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 3-6) (odds ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.37-3.87; P   =   .76). Conclusions and Relevance: Non- @entity5 antagonist oral anticoagulant-associated @entity4 has a high mortality and an unfavorable outcome, and @entity3 expansion is frequent. Larger-scale prospective studies are needed to determine whether the early administration of specific antidotes can improve the poor prognosis of NOAC-associated @entity4 .

title: Early Clinical and Radiological Course, Management, and Outcome of XXXX Related to New Oral Anticoagulants.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In 1983 and 1984, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was performed on 107 consecutive @entity0 for @entity3 . In each instance, CABG was done within 30 days of @entity4 . Sixty-three @entity0 (59%) required intravenous administration of @entity5 and/or the intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) for relief of @entity3 . Oral medications relieved @entity3 in the remaining 44 @entity0 . Thirty-eight @entity0 underwent CABG 7 days or less after the @entity4 (Group 1), 25 received it between 8 and 15 days later (Group 2), and 44 had CABG between 16 and 30 days later (Group 3). There were 9 in-hospital deaths: 4 in Group 1, 2 in Group 2, and 3 in Group 3. Thirteen @entity0 needed the IABP for hemodynamic stability as well as relief of @entity3 . Even when the @entity0 was stable hemodynamically, @entity1 was more likely to occur among these 13 @entity0 if CABG was conducted within 7 days of @entity4 . Follow-up was 94% complete at 29.4 months. Eighty-six percent of @entity0 were asymptomatic or in New York Heart Association Functional Class I, and 6% were in Class II. There were 2 late deaths. CABG for @entity3 can be accomplished within 30 days of an acute @entity4 with good results. The exception to this rule is the @entity0 in whom shock develops after a @entity2 and who, despite stabilization, receives CABG within 7 days of the @entity4 .

title: Early myocardial revascularization for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The link between pollutant exposure and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) has prompted mechanistic research with animal models of @entity3 . We hypothesized that the cardiac gene expression patterns of healthy and genetically compromised, @entity3 -prone @entity1 models, with or without @entity5 , will reveal underlying disease processes that facilitate understanding of the mechanisms of air pollution susceptibility differences. Left ventricular gene expression was examined using Affymetrix @entity1 230A-gene arrays in male, age-matched (12-14 weeks old) healthy @entity1 Kyoto (WKY) and CV-compromised spontaneously @entity4 (SH), @entity2 -prone SH (SHSP), @entity0 SH @entity7 (SHHF) and @entity0 insulin-resistant (JCR) @entity1 . Principle component analysis separated strains in three clusters: (1) WKY, (2) JCR and )3) SH, SHSP and SHHF. Gene expression pattern in JCR differed from all other @entity3 strains. Both SHHF and JCR strains presented the most differentially expressed genes from WKY, but generally with opposing directional pattern suggesting that the @entity3 in these strains arise through different mechanisms. Hierarchical clustering of nuclear factor-kappaB target genes indicated varying degrees of, but similar directional changes, in SH, SHSP and SHHF relative to WKY @entity1 , which may relate to the severity of their @entity3 . The JCR strain had less pronounced expressions of these genes suggesting milder @entity6 . No unique expression pattern could be identified for genes implicated in @entity2 and @entity7 in SHSP and SHHF @entity1 , respectively. The data show that the @entity3 pathophysiological mechanisms differ in models with different genetic backgrounds, and therefore, the mechanisms by which air pollutants affect the cardiopulmonary system are likely to vary.

title: Left ventricular gene expression profile of healthy and cardiovascular compromised XXXX models used in air pollution studies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: Acoustic radiation force impulse is a noninvasive method for evaluating tissue elasticity on ultrasound. Renal shear wave velocity measured by this technique has not been fully investigated in @entity0 with @entity1 . The aim of the present study was to compare renal shear wave velocity in @entity2 @entity0 and that in @entity0 without @entity3 and to investigate influencing factors. METHODS: Renal shear wave velocities were measured in 59 healthy young subjects (control group), 31 subjects without @entity3 (non-CKD group), and 39 @entity2 @entity0 ( @entity2 group). Each measurement was performed ten times at both kidneys, and the mean value of eight of ten measurements, excluding the maximum and minimum values, was compared. RESULTS: Renal shear wave velocity could be measured in all subjects. Renal shear wave velocity in the control group was higher than in the non-CKD group and in the @entity2 group, and no difference was found between the non-CKD group and the @entity2 group. Age and depth were negatively correlated to the renal shear wave velocity. In multiple regression analysis, age and depth were independent factors for renal shear wave velocity, while @entity1 was not. There was no difference between the non-CKD group and the @entity2 group, even when ages were matched and depth was adjusted. CONCLUSION: Renal shear wave velocity was not associated with advanced @entity1 . However, it reflected alteration of renal aging, and this technique may be useful to detect @entity1 in the earlier stages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Renal shear wave velocity by acoustic radiation force impulse did not reflect advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few reports have thus far discussed the influence of economic factors on treatment decision-making by @entity0 . The objective of the present study was to clarify the awareness among oncologists of health economics in @entity1 treatment. METHODS: The present study was based on the questionnaire regarding health economics in @entity1 treatment carried out by the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology  (JSCO) in July 2013. The subjects were trustees registered with JSCO. The survey investigated the influence of medical expenses on @entity0 access to and selection of medical treatment in order to clarify the primary attributes of the respondents and their awareness of economics. The study also investigated the maximum allowable public medical expenses to prolong the life expectancy of a @entity1 @entity0 by 1  year and the factors that can influence treatment selection. RESULTS: The 172 respondents had completed a mean of 30.3      6.2 postgraduate years, and the mean number of @entity0 they treated annually was 1323      1963. The degree of treatment accessibility among @entity0 was perceived positively by 112 (71.3  %) and negatively by 49 (28.7  %) of the respondents, irrespective of medical expenses. Of the 172 respondents, 66 (41.0  %) believed that the maximum allowable medical expenses for @entity1 treatment should be  <=4 million yen/LY, with 62 (39.8  %) reporting a value of 4.01-8 million yen/LY. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that a certain range of medical expenses has come to be regarded as the standard range of medical expenses for @entity1 treatment among oncologists, with answers based on the premise that @entity0 should have access to effective medical treatment.

title: Perspectives of Japanese oncologists on the health economics of innovative XXXX treatments.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Since @entity1 and @entity3 are major causes of perioperative morbidity and mortality associated with carotid endarterectomy, monitoring the brain and ensuring the best haemodynamic stability are important goals of the management. As regional anaesthesia was reported to improve haemodynamic stability during carotid endarterectomy (CEA), we conducted a prospective observational study on the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical @entity6 (CPB), with early (immediate postoperative) and mid-term (day 30) outcomes in awake @entity0 undergoing CEA. METHODS: After the ethics committee approval, 50 @entity0 undergoing a carotid endarterectomy with CPB from April 2011 to May 2013 were included. Anaesthesia and surgical dissection parameters, early complications and haemodynamic stability were recorded, as well as neurologic and cardiac outcomes initially and one month later. RESULTS: Cervical space was easy to locate by ultrasound in 90% of the @entity0 . The quality of anaesthesia and surgical dissection was good in 86 and 88% of @entity0 , respectively. No conversion to GA was required, secondary to a lack of @entity8 . Two @entity0 (4%) had severe @entity5 (<100mmHg). Three @entity0 required a shunt after carotid clamping for @entity7 with a favourable neurological outcome. We observed one elevation of @entity9 (0.95ng  ml(-1)) without ECG change and 1 @entity2 occurred after a postoperative @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: The present work reports our first 50 cases of intermediate CPB using ultrasound guidance. The results underline that this technique is easy to perform, safe and reliable, provided good surgical conditions with continuous intraoperative neurologic monitoring and stable haemodynamics are respected.

title: Safety and efficiency of ultrasound-guided intermediate cervical XXXX for carotid surgery.

answer: @entity6


abstract: In Columbus, OH, 46 @entity0 with measurable metastatic @entity3 were treated with @entity11 (LV) 80 mg/m2/20 h intravenous (IV) infusion followed by @entity10 ( @entity10 ) 400 mg/m2 IV bolus daily for three days and then once weekly. Many @entity0 had liver (62%) and/or multisite @entity1 (53%), @entity8 ( @entity8 ) greater than 10 (76%), documented @entity2 progression before entry (51%), and @entity2 -related symptoms (36%), but also good performance status (84%). Prior therapy consisted of radiotherapy (RT) in 18%, chemotherapy in 22%, both in 4%, and none in 56%. There were 36% objective responses and 31% stabilization, which we believe is a significant change in the natural history of these @entity0 . Median survival was 8 months. Improved survival was seen in @entity0 with single- rather than multiple-site involvement. Decreasing @entity8 levels were seen in 59% (always in responders or @entity0 with stable disease), and correlated with longer survival time (11.0 v 5.5 months, P = 0.01). Palliation of @entity2 related symptoms occurred in 75%, with or without antitumor effect. One @entity0 with prior RT died of @entity9 after only the three-day load, so we now recommend only weekly therapy in previously radiated @entity0 . Otherwise, @entity4 was mild, manifest as @entity7 in 62%, @entity6 in 53%, or @entity5 in 47%, which was the most common dose-limiting side effect. The occurrence or absence of @entity4 did not predict outcome. Because of equivalent efficacy, mild @entity4 , and less expense, this regimen should be considered for @entity0 who desire therapy.

title: XXXX plus @entity10 : an effective treatment for metastatic colon cancer.

answer: @entity11


abstract: In Columbus, OH, 46 @entity0 with measurable metastatic @entity3 were treated with @entity11 (LV) 80 mg/m2/20 h intravenous (IV) infusion followed by @entity10 ( @entity10 ) 400 mg/m2 IV bolus daily for three days and then once weekly. Many @entity0 had liver (62%) and/or multisite @entity1 (53%), @entity8 ( @entity8 ) greater than 10 (76%), documented @entity2 progression before entry (51%), and @entity2 -related symptoms (36%), but also good performance status (84%). Prior therapy consisted of radiotherapy (RT) in 18%, chemotherapy in 22%, both in 4%, and none in 56%. There were 36% objective responses and 31% stabilization, which we believe is a significant change in the natural history of these @entity0 . Median survival was 8 months. Improved survival was seen in @entity0 with single- rather than multiple-site involvement. Decreasing @entity8 levels were seen in 59% (always in responders or @entity0 with stable disease), and correlated with longer survival time (11.0 v 5.5 months, P = 0.01). Palliation of @entity2 related symptoms occurred in 75%, with or without antitumor effect. One @entity0 with prior RT died of @entity9 after only the three-day load, so we now recommend only weekly therapy in previously radiated @entity0 . Otherwise, @entity4 was mild, manifest as @entity7 in 62%, @entity6 in 53%, or @entity5 in 47%, which was the most common dose-limiting side effect. The occurrence or absence of @entity4 did not predict outcome. Because of equivalent efficacy, mild @entity4 , and less expense, this regimen should be considered for @entity0 who desire therapy.

title: @entity11 plus XXXX : an effective treatment for metastatic colon cancer.

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) exposes gametes and embryos to an artificial environment that does not resemble the conditions of natural conception, and therefore might change epigenetic regulation of genes that are imprinted during development. In the present review, we discuss the relationship between susceptibility of specific genes to receive an altered epigenetic composition during ART processes, possibly via alterations in the biochemical @entity1 and @entity2 cycle. We provide a comprehensive view of the current state of epigenetic patterning in ART-conceived healthy @entity0 and in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity0 . We illustrate that similar genes-that is, @entity7 , @entity6 , and @entity3 -possess an altered DNA methylation profile in animal models, ART-conceived healthy @entity0 , and @entity4 and @entity5 @entity0 . The developmental stage at which these genes receive their epigenetic imprint appears to coincide with the specific moment that ART takes place. We highlight that ART procedures affect physiological levels of enzymes and substrates involved in the @entity1 and @entity2 cycle thereby altering the DNA methylation state. Moreover, although the DNA methylation rate appears to be robust: (i) temporal imbalances coinciding with defined moments of epigenetic imprinting of specific genes affect the eventual DNA methylation state of those genes and (ii) cumulative ART effects on @entity2 and @entity1 cycling can alter DNA methylation rates. These observations underscore the necessity to further investigate consequences of ART treatments on the epigenetic profile. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 94-107, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Epigenetic imprinting during assisted reproductive technologies: The effect of temporal and cumulative fluctuations in XXXX cycling on the DNA methylation state.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe @entity2 (STBI) can cause @entity4 in proxies in the long-term. This study assessed post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in proxies of survivors of STBI in the short-term and investigated stress-associated factors. METHODS: Prospective cross-sectional study, conducted at three Swiss @entity1 centres over 1 year. @entity0 and proxy demographics, @entity1 data including Glasgow @entity3 Scale (GCS) and management data were collected. The proxies' PTS symptoms were assessed by applying the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), once in the first month after the accident (median: 11 days). RESULTS: Sixty-nine proxies were included; 52 proxies were female (77.8%). Mean IES-R sum score for intrusions was 13.38 (SD=7.26), for avoidance 8.91 (SD=5.94), and for hyperarousal 9.07 (SD=6.75). Clinically significant PTS symptoms were observed in 36 proxies (52.2%); mean IES-R sum scores were significantly higher in @entity0 . IES-R sub-scale values were inversely related with GCS at the scene of the accident and on hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of proxies had clinically significant PTS symptoms shortly after their relative's accident. More severe PTS symptoms were found in @entity0 and in proxies of @entity0 with poorer initial GCS scores. Further research into risk groups in the short- and long-term and the long-term impact on @entity0 of PTS syndrome in proxies is warranted.

title: Post-traumatic stress symptoms in relatives in the first weeks after severe XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Subunit A of coagulation factor XIII (FXIII-A) is important for clot stability and acts in the subsequent wound healing process. Loss of plasma FXIII-A has been reported after surgery, sepsis, and inflammatory conditions. In the intestinal mucosa, FXIII-A is expressed by macrophages and cellular FXIII-A has been associated with phagocytosis and migration of macrophages. The objective was to evaluate the consequences of intestinal @entity2 on resident mucosal macrophages, focusing on the level and distribution of FXIII-A. METHODS: Plasma and colonic biopsies were collected from 67 @entity0 with @entity1 and controls. Intestinal samples were stained using immunohistochemistry for FXIII-A and macrophages ( @entity3 , @entity4 and iNOS). In situ hybridization were used to assess the intestinal expression of FXIII-A. FXIII-A antigen and activity levels were measured in plasma. RESULTS: Increased infiltration of @entity3 positive macrophages in the inflamed mucosa coincided with increased extracellular deposited FXIII-A and decreased expression and intracellular protein levels of FXIII-A. A decreased proportion of FXIII-A/ @entity3 / @entity4 triple-positive macrophages was observed in inflamed mucosa, indicating a reduction of the M2 phenotype with consequent loss of FXIII-A. No induction of iNOS positive macrophages was observed. Stimulation of na  ve monocytes with physiological concentrations of pro-inflammatory mediators negatively affected the expression of FXIII-A. Measurements in plasma confirmed the loss of both FXIII antigen and activity during active disease. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal @entity2 in UC induces loss of M2 macrophages with subsequent loss of FXIII-A synthesis. The loss of cellular FXIII-A may impact migration and phagocytosis, and hence limit pathogen eradication in UC.

title: Systemic and intestinal levels of factor XIII-A: the impact of XXXX on expression in macrophage subtypes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The prognosis for a @entity0 with a severe @entity4 is dependent not only upon the location and the degree of this @entity2 , but also upon additional complications. For example, disseminated @entity6 (DIC) can occur because of the thromboplastic activity of the damaged brain tissue that enters the circulation. The complement (C) system is activated by certain enzymes that cleave the clotting factors. Therefore, after @entity4 we searched for C activation because it could result in the @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity0 and methods. We had two groups of @entity0 : (1) 23 with large destruction and (2) 13 with little destruction of the brain tissue. Eighteen @entity0 in group 1 and 8 in group 2 had isolated @entity3 . Blood samples were taken--upon arrival at the hospital and then 1, 3, 7, 12, 24, and 48 h later; after that we took weekly blood samples up to the completion of their treatment in the intensive care unit. We measured the total hemolytic serum C activity (CH50), activation of alternative pathway hemolysis (APH50), cleavage products @entity8 and @entity7 , and total protein. Furthermore, we studied the coagulation parameters of the extrinsic (prothrombin time) and intrinsic (partial thromboplastin time) pathways and fibrinogen content. From the @entity0 records we extracted clinical parameters such as neurological status, intracranial pressure, pathological details on computer tomography hemoglobin and arterial-alveolar @entity1 difference. Results. Figure 1 shows the different reactions of the C system in both groups: while @entity0 of group 1 suffered from a decrease in total and alternative hemolytic activity, the other group increases in both parameters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Complement activation following head and XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is a common @entity3 among jumping athletes. No evidence-based treatment guidelines exist. @entity0 ( @entity0 ) appears to be a promising treatment but its effectiveness has not been studied in athletes with @entity2 who have symptoms for 3 to 12 months and are still playing. PURPOSE: The TOPGAME study was created to determine the effectiveness of @entity0 on @entity1 , symptoms, and function in athletes with early symptomatic @entity2 who are still in training and competition. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS: Athletes playing volleyball, basketball, or handball with @entity2 for 3 to 12 months were randomized into the @entity0 or placebo group during the first half of the season. The @entity0 group received 3 @entity0 treatments while the placebo group received sham @entity0 . In-season follow-up measurements were 1, 12, and 22 weeks after treatment. The primary outcome was severity of @entity2 determined with the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Patella (VISA-P) questionnaire. Secondary outcome measures were @entity1 during activities of daily living and sports and after functional knee-loading tests rated on a visual analog scale and subjective improvement. Multilevel analyses were performed to determine differences between groups over time. RESULTS: Of the 127 symptomatic athletes invited to participate, 62 were eligible, gave consent, and were randomized into the @entity0 (n = 31) or placebo group (n = 31). Mean VISA-P scores before and 1, 12, and 22 weeks after treatment were 59.4 (  11.7), 66.8 (  16.2), 66.7 (  17.5), and 70.5 (  18.9) for the @entity0 group and 62.4 (  13.4), 66.3 (  19.0), 68.9 (  20.3), and 72.7 (  18.0) for the placebo group. For the VISA-P, there was a significant effect for time (P < .01) but no treatment   time interaction effect (P = .82). The same pattern was seen in visual analog scale @entity1 scores. One week after final treatment, significantly more athletes in the @entity0 group reported subjective improvement (65% vs 32%;   (2) = 6.46, P = .01). This was the only difference noted between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: @entity0 as a solitary treatment during the competitive season has no benefit over placebo treatment in the management of actively competing jumping athletes with @entity2 who have symptoms for less than 12 months.

title: No effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on XXXX in jumping athletes during the competitive season: a randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Over the past few years, bilateral stimulation of the caudal or motor part of the zona incerta nucleus (cZI) has been performed by the authors in @entity0 with essential @entity1 (ET). Outcomes including quality of life data in 15 @entity0 with a follow-up period of up to 84 months (mean 31.7    28.6 months) are presented. METHODS: 15 consecutive ET @entity0 underwent MRI guided bilateral cZI deep brain stimulation implantation. @entity0 were assessed by applying the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale and the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36) to assess quality of life. RESULTS: The total @entity1 score improved by 73.8% (p<0.0001). The part A score (items 1-9) improved by 86.6% (p<0.0001). Postural @entity1 improved by 88.2% (p<0.0001) and action @entity1 by 82.2% (p<0.0001). The part B score, which evaluates the functional activities of the upper limbs, improved by 60.1% (p<0.0001). Part C score, which evaluates the activities of daily living, improved by 80.0% (p<0.0001). The SF-36 physical component score improved by 23.7% (p<0.0001) and the mental component score by 22.4% (p<0.0001). There was one wound infection and three @entity0 developed stimulation related transient @entity2 . None developed any disequilibrium or tolerance to stimulation. CONCLUSION: Bilateral cZI stimulation is safe and effective in suppressing the postural and action component of ET. It is associated with a low incidence of stimulation related complications and @entity0 do not develop tolerance to stimulation with maintained clinical benefit over a follow-up period of up to 7 years.

title: Bilateral caudal zona incerta nucleus stimulation for essential XXXX : outcome and quality of life.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The economic impact on society associated with the healthcare of older adults depends on their health status. The aim was to estimate the excess costs associated with co-morbid mental and @entity4 . METHODS: Data were from a health survey of 2004 older adults. Two-year healthcare costs were identified from administrative databases. Generalized linear models were used to study healthcare costs as a function of co-morbid @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity8 , @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity3 with @entity7 incurred higher costs reaching  1696 (95% confidence interval (CI):  30,  3422) and  14 772 (95% CI:  1909,  31 454) than those without @entity7 . @entity9 and @entity7 incurred higher costs reaching  5343 (95% CI:  343,  10 343) than those without @entity9 . The excess annual adjusted healthcare costs associated with co-morbid @entity7 and @entity4 reach close to  600 M per 1 000 000 population of older adults. CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity5 with @entity6 , @entity3 and RDs has a synergistic effect on healthcare costs. These findings underline the need for improved primary care for the prevention and treatment of co-mental and @entity4 that can potentially save hundreds of millions to society.

title: Healthcare costs in chronically ill community-living older adults are dependent on XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood @entity4 (PBE) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are associated with various @entity1 . @entity4 is frequently paraclonal (because of cytokines and not part of the malignant clone), but in some cases of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), it may also be clonal. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 80 @entity5 @entity0 treated from June 2004 to December 2008 at our @entity1 center for PBE and @entity2 at diagnosis and postinduction. RESULTS: At diagnosis, PBE was present in 18.8% @entity0 whereas at postinduction it was observed in 7.7% @entity0 . No @entity0 had abnormal eosinophils. At diagnosis, PBE correlated with the absence of gum @entity3 whereas @entity2 correlated with the French-American-British-M2 subtype and absence of gum @entity3 . PBE/ @entity2 did not have a significant correlation with event-free survival. After completion of therapy, on follow-up up to 2 years every 3 months, one-third of the @entity0 had @entity4 ; however, it did not correlate with disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to evaluate the impact of @entity4 at presentation, postinduction, and on follow-up with outcome in @entity5 . Although @entity4 was observed in one-fifth of the @entity0 at diagnosis and in one-third of the @entity0 on follow-up, it seems to be reactive in nature with no impact on outcome and thus it should not be a cause of alarm.

title: Diagnostic and follow-up @entity4 is not predictive of outcome in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood @entity4 (PBE) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are associated with various @entity1 . @entity4 is frequently paraclonal (because of cytokines and not part of the malignant clone), but in some cases of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), it may also be clonal. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 80 @entity5 @entity0 treated from June 2004 to December 2008 at our @entity1 center for PBE and @entity2 at diagnosis and postinduction. RESULTS: At diagnosis, PBE was present in 18.8% @entity0 whereas at postinduction it was observed in 7.7% @entity0 . No @entity0 had abnormal eosinophils. At diagnosis, PBE correlated with the absence of gum @entity3 whereas @entity2 correlated with the French-American-British-M2 subtype and absence of gum @entity3 . PBE/ @entity2 did not have a significant correlation with event-free survival. After completion of therapy, on follow-up up to 2 years every 3 months, one-third of the @entity0 had @entity4 ; however, it did not correlate with disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to evaluate the impact of @entity4 at presentation, postinduction, and on follow-up with outcome in @entity5 . Although @entity4 was observed in one-fifth of the @entity0 at diagnosis and in one-third of the @entity0 on follow-up, it seems to be reactive in nature with no impact on outcome and thus it should not be a cause of alarm.

title: Diagnostic and follow-up XXXX is not predictive of outcome in @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Increased evidence of subnormal neuropsychological functioning in new-onset @entity2 has been obtained, although results are still rare and controversial. With a prospective study, we aimed to define the very early neuropsychological profile of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity4 ( @entity7 ), including executive functions (EF) because of their key role in learning. Additionally, we enrolled drug-na  ve @entity0 , with a NREM sleep frequency of discharges <85% and with a Performance Intelligence Quotient equal or superior to 85, in order to exclude additional effects on the neuropsychological functioning. METHODS: Fifteen school-aged @entity0 with @entity7 (mean age: 8.8years, standard deviation [SD]: 2.4years) and fifteen healthy @entity0 (mean age: 9.2years, [SD]: 2.5years) were enrolled and assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The assessment included domain-specific standardized tests of language, EF, @entity6 skills, @entity5 , and short-term memory. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Significant differences between @entity0 and controls emerged with respect to 3 domains. Language was affected in color naming (p=.026), spoonerism (p=.003), and phonemic synthesis (p=.009). Executive functions appeared inadequate in the five point test with respect to the number of correct figures (p=.003) and errors (p=.008). In the domain of @entity6 skills, significant differences between groups emerged regarding the number of mistakes in nonword writing (p=.001), nonword reading speed (p=.027), nonword reading number of mistakes (p=.019), and word reading errors (p=.023). DISCUSSION: Results showed that @entity0 with new-onset @entity7 may demonstrate a range of @entity3 , particularly affecting executive attention, despite a normal IQ, a low frequency of NREM sleep discharges, and the absence of drugs. These difficulties indicate a @entity1 with cascading effects on language and @entity6 skills. The inclusion of EF in the assessment battery and in the intervention since the very onset is warranted in order to avoid further and persistent @entity6 .

title: Neuropsychological profile in new-onset @entity2 with XXXX ( @entity7 ): Focusing on executive functions.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Increased evidence of subnormal neuropsychological functioning in new-onset @entity2 has been obtained, although results are still rare and controversial. With a prospective study, we aimed to define the very early neuropsychological profile of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity4 ( @entity7 ), including executive functions (EF) because of their key role in learning. Additionally, we enrolled drug-na  ve @entity0 , with a NREM sleep frequency of discharges <85% and with a Performance Intelligence Quotient equal or superior to 85, in order to exclude additional effects on the neuropsychological functioning. METHODS: Fifteen school-aged @entity0 with @entity7 (mean age: 8.8years, standard deviation [SD]: 2.4years) and fifteen healthy @entity0 (mean age: 9.2years, [SD]: 2.5years) were enrolled and assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The assessment included domain-specific standardized tests of language, EF, @entity6 skills, @entity5 , and short-term memory. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Significant differences between @entity0 and controls emerged with respect to 3 domains. Language was affected in color naming (p=.026), spoonerism (p=.003), and phonemic synthesis (p=.009). Executive functions appeared inadequate in the five point test with respect to the number of correct figures (p=.003) and errors (p=.008). In the domain of @entity6 skills, significant differences between groups emerged regarding the number of mistakes in nonword writing (p=.001), nonword reading speed (p=.027), nonword reading number of mistakes (p=.019), and word reading errors (p=.023). DISCUSSION: Results showed that @entity0 with new-onset @entity7 may demonstrate a range of @entity3 , particularly affecting executive attention, despite a normal IQ, a low frequency of NREM sleep discharges, and the absence of drugs. These difficulties indicate a @entity1 with cascading effects on language and @entity6 skills. The inclusion of EF in the assessment battery and in the intervention since the very onset is warranted in order to avoid further and persistent @entity6 .

title: Neuropsychological profile in new-onset XXXX with @entity4 ( @entity7 ): Focusing on executive functions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Increased evidence of subnormal neuropsychological functioning in new-onset @entity2 has been obtained, although results are still rare and controversial. With a prospective study, we aimed to define the very early neuropsychological profile of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity4 ( @entity7 ), including executive functions (EF) because of their key role in learning. Additionally, we enrolled drug-na  ve @entity0 , with a NREM sleep frequency of discharges <85% and with a Performance Intelligence Quotient equal or superior to 85, in order to exclude additional effects on the neuropsychological functioning. METHODS: Fifteen school-aged @entity0 with @entity7 (mean age: 8.8years, standard deviation [SD]: 2.4years) and fifteen healthy @entity0 (mean age: 9.2years, [SD]: 2.5years) were enrolled and assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. The assessment included domain-specific standardized tests of language, EF, @entity6 skills, @entity5 , and short-term memory. A p-value<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Significant differences between @entity0 and controls emerged with respect to 3 domains. Language was affected in color naming (p=.026), spoonerism (p=.003), and phonemic synthesis (p=.009). Executive functions appeared inadequate in the five point test with respect to the number of correct figures (p=.003) and errors (p=.008). In the domain of @entity6 skills, significant differences between groups emerged regarding the number of mistakes in nonword writing (p=.001), nonword reading speed (p=.027), nonword reading number of mistakes (p=.019), and word reading errors (p=.023). DISCUSSION: Results showed that @entity0 with new-onset @entity7 may demonstrate a range of @entity3 , particularly affecting executive attention, despite a normal IQ, a low frequency of NREM sleep discharges, and the absence of drugs. These difficulties indicate a @entity1 with cascading effects on language and @entity6 skills. The inclusion of EF in the assessment battery and in the intervention since the very onset is warranted in order to avoid further and persistent @entity6 .

title: Neuropsychological profile in new-onset @entity2 with @entity4 ( XXXX ): Focusing on executive functions.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Treatment of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity4 -resistant @entity6 (SRNS) is demanding, and renal prognosis is poor. Numerous causative gene mutations have been identified in SRNS that affect the renal podocyte. In the era of high-throughput sequencing techniques, @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS frequently escape the scientific interest. We here present the long-term data of the German @entity7 /SRNS Follow-Up Study, focusing on the response to @entity2 ( @entity10 ) in @entity0 with nongenetic @entity1 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity0 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical data were collected from 231 @entity0 with @entity7 /SRNS treated at eight university pediatric nephrology units with a median observation time of 113 months (interquartile range, 50-178). Genotyping was performed systematically in all @entity0 . RESULTS: The overall mutation detection rate was high at 57% (97% in @entity7 and 41% in SRNS); 85% of all mutations were identified by the analysis of three single genes only ( @entity8 , @entity11 , and @entity9 ), accounting for 92% of all mutations in @entity0 with @entity7 and 79% of all mutations in @entity0 with SRNS. Remission of the disease in nongenetic SRNS was observed in 78% of @entity0 after a median treatment period of 2.5 months; 82% of nongenetic @entity0 responded within 6 months of therapy, and 98% of @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS and @entity10 -induced complete remission (normalbuminemia and no @entity5 ) maintained a normal renal function. Genetic SRNS, on the contrary, is associated with a high rate of @entity3 in 66% of @entity0 . Only 3% of @entity0 with genetic SRNS experienced a complete remission and 16% of @entity0 with genetic SRNS experienced a partial remission after @entity10 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of @entity10 is high in nonhereditary SRNS, with an excellent prognosis of renal function in the large majority of @entity0 . @entity10 should be given for a minimum period of 6 months in these @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS. In genetic SRNS, response to @entity10 was low and restricted to exceptional @entity0 .

title: Rapid Response to XXXX and Favorable Renal Outcome in Nongenetic Versus Genetic @entity4 -Resistant @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Treatment of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity4 -resistant @entity6 (SRNS) is demanding, and renal prognosis is poor. Numerous causative gene mutations have been identified in SRNS that affect the renal podocyte. In the era of high-throughput sequencing techniques, @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS frequently escape the scientific interest. We here present the long-term data of the German @entity7 /SRNS Follow-Up Study, focusing on the response to @entity2 ( @entity10 ) in @entity0 with nongenetic @entity1 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity0 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical data were collected from 231 @entity0 with @entity7 /SRNS treated at eight university pediatric nephrology units with a median observation time of 113 months (interquartile range, 50-178). Genotyping was performed systematically in all @entity0 . RESULTS: The overall mutation detection rate was high at 57% (97% in @entity7 and 41% in SRNS); 85% of all mutations were identified by the analysis of three single genes only ( @entity8 , @entity11 , and @entity9 ), accounting for 92% of all mutations in @entity0 with @entity7 and 79% of all mutations in @entity0 with SRNS. Remission of the disease in nongenetic SRNS was observed in 78% of @entity0 after a median treatment period of 2.5 months; 82% of nongenetic @entity0 responded within 6 months of therapy, and 98% of @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS and @entity10 -induced complete remission (normalbuminemia and no @entity5 ) maintained a normal renal function. Genetic SRNS, on the contrary, is associated with a high rate of @entity3 in 66% of @entity0 . Only 3% of @entity0 with genetic SRNS experienced a complete remission and 16% of @entity0 with genetic SRNS experienced a partial remission after @entity10 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of @entity10 is high in nonhereditary SRNS, with an excellent prognosis of renal function in the large majority of @entity0 . @entity10 should be given for a minimum period of 6 months in these @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS. In genetic SRNS, response to @entity10 was low and restricted to exceptional @entity0 .

title: Rapid Response to @entity2 and Favorable Renal Outcome in Nongenetic Versus Genetic XXXX -Resistant @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Treatment of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity4 -resistant @entity6 (SRNS) is demanding, and renal prognosis is poor. Numerous causative gene mutations have been identified in SRNS that affect the renal podocyte. In the era of high-throughput sequencing techniques, @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS frequently escape the scientific interest. We here present the long-term data of the German @entity7 /SRNS Follow-Up Study, focusing on the response to @entity2 ( @entity10 ) in @entity0 with nongenetic @entity1 . DESIGN, SETTING, @entity0 , _ MEASUREMENTS: Cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical data were collected from 231 @entity0 with @entity7 /SRNS treated at eight university pediatric nephrology units with a median observation time of 113 months (interquartile range, 50-178). Genotyping was performed systematically in all @entity0 . RESULTS: The overall mutation detection rate was high at 57% (97% in @entity7 and 41% in SRNS); 85% of all mutations were identified by the analysis of three single genes only ( @entity8 , @entity11 , and @entity9 ), accounting for 92% of all mutations in @entity0 with @entity7 and 79% of all mutations in @entity0 with SRNS. Remission of the disease in nongenetic SRNS was observed in 78% of @entity0 after a median treatment period of 2.5 months; 82% of nongenetic @entity0 responded within 6 months of therapy, and 98% of @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS and @entity10 -induced complete remission (normalbuminemia and no @entity5 ) maintained a normal renal function. Genetic SRNS, on the contrary, is associated with a high rate of @entity3 in 66% of @entity0 . Only 3% of @entity0 with genetic SRNS experienced a complete remission and 16% of @entity0 with genetic SRNS experienced a partial remission after @entity10 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of @entity10 is high in nonhereditary SRNS, with an excellent prognosis of renal function in the large majority of @entity0 . @entity10 should be given for a minimum period of 6 months in these @entity0 with nongenetic SRNS. In genetic SRNS, response to @entity10 was low and restricted to exceptional @entity0 .

title: Rapid Response to @entity2 and Favorable Renal Outcome in Nongenetic Versus Genetic @entity4 -Resistant XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the surgical and oncologic outcomes of @entity0 undergoing self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement with elective curative surgery. METHODS: Data from @entity0 admitted with obstructing @entity3 between 2000 and 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. @entity0 underwent either SEMS placement as a bridge to surgery (stent group, n  =  67) or emergency surgery (surgery group, n  =  35). Surgical and oncologic outcomes of the groups were compared. RESULTS: Placement of SEMS was technically successful in 98.5  % and clinically successful in 89.6  % of cases. There were eight (11.9  %) stent-related complications, including three @entity4 (4.5  %), four occlusions (6.0  %), and one perforation (1.5  %). The stent group had a higher laparoscopic resection rate (67.2 vs. 31.4  %, p  =  0.001) with a lower conversion rate (4.3 vs. 35.3  %, p  =  0.003). The wound @entity2 rate was significantly higher in the surgery group (37.1 vs. 11.9  %, p  =  0.003) with no differences in the rate of other complications. The rates of local recurrence and distant @entity1 , recurrence-free, and overall survival were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Stenting and elective surgery was associated with a higher laparoscopy rate, a lower conversion rate, and a lower wound @entity2 rate compared to emergency surgery but did not affect recurrence or survival.

title: Stenting as a Bridge to Surgery for Obstructive XXXX : Does It Have Surgical Merit or Oncologic Demerit?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that adipokines play a role in @entity1 by inducing proinflammatory cytokines, but it is uncertain whether @entity5 is causally involved in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We evaluated @entity5 levels in @entity0 who presented with @entity2 flares before and after treatment. METHODS: In this cohort study, we assessed 31 @entity0 with @entity2 in the activation period and remission in the same @entity0 after treatment, and a healthy control group, consisting of 29 @entity0 , at a single academic medical centre between 2010 and 2013. Disease severity was evaluated clinically using Trulove and Witt's criteria. RESULTS: Serum @entity5 levels did not vary according to the extent of disease and were significantly higher in @entity0 in the activation period (7.77    2.41 ng/ml) than in remission (6.18    2.04 ng/ml) and the healthy controls (6.54    2.20 ng/ml; P < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively). In a comparison of @entity0 in the inactive period with the control group, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). To assess activation of the disease, a @entity5 cut-off point for active @entity2 was determined as 6.40, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value ( @entity4 ) and negative predictive values (NPV) of 72%, 52%, 66.7% (43.0-85.4) and 50.0% (29.1-70.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity5 level was higher in the active group than in post-treatment remission and the healthy control group. Sensitivity and specificity were similar to other inflammatory markers for assessing clinical activity, which did not improve clinical outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). These findings did not provide a rationale for assessment of @entity2 activation.

title: Serum @entity5 Levels in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that adipokines play a role in @entity1 by inducing proinflammatory cytokines, but it is uncertain whether @entity5 is causally involved in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We evaluated @entity5 levels in @entity0 who presented with @entity2 flares before and after treatment. METHODS: In this cohort study, we assessed 31 @entity0 with @entity2 in the activation period and remission in the same @entity0 after treatment, and a healthy control group, consisting of 29 @entity0 , at a single academic medical centre between 2010 and 2013. Disease severity was evaluated clinically using Trulove and Witt's criteria. RESULTS: Serum @entity5 levels did not vary according to the extent of disease and were significantly higher in @entity0 in the activation period (7.77    2.41 ng/ml) than in remission (6.18    2.04 ng/ml) and the healthy controls (6.54    2.20 ng/ml; P < 0.01 and < 0.05, respectively). In a comparison of @entity0 in the inactive period with the control group, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). To assess activation of the disease, a @entity5 cut-off point for active @entity2 was determined as 6.40, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value ( @entity4 ) and negative predictive values (NPV) of 72%, 52%, 66.7% (43.0-85.4) and 50.0% (29.1-70.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity5 level was higher in the active group than in post-treatment remission and the healthy control group. Sensitivity and specificity were similar to other inflammatory markers for assessing clinical activity, which did not improve clinical outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). These findings did not provide a rationale for assessment of @entity2 activation.

title: Serum XXXX Levels in @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: While @entity5 addition to @entity1 mitigates @entity3 risk, the magnitude of the effect on incidence, specific @entity3 histologies, and @entity3 mortality remains unsettled. These issues were assessed by analyses after extended follow-up of the @entity0 's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized clinical trial evaluating continuous combined @entity1 plus @entity5 use. METHODS: The WHI enrolled 16 608 postmenopausal @entity0 into a randomly assigned, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity0 age 50 to 79 years with intact uteri with normal endometrial biopsy at entry were randomly assigned to once-daily 0.625mg conjugated @entity4 @entity1 plus 2.5mg @entity6 (n = 8506) as a single pill or matching placebo (n = 8102). Follow-up beyond the original trial completion date required reconsent, obtained from 12 788 (83%) of surviving @entity0 . Analyses were by intent-to-treat. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: After 5.6 years' median intervention and 13 years' median cumulative follow-up, there were fewer @entity3 in the combined hormone therapy compared with the placebo group (66 vs 95 case @entity0 , yearly incidence, 0.06% vs 0.10%; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48 to 0.89, P = .007). While there were somewhat fewer @entity3 during intervention (25 vs 30, respectively; HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.45 to 1.31), the difference became statistically significant postintervention (41 vs 65, respectively; HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.88, P = .008), but hazard ratios did not differ between phases (P difference = .46). There was a statistically nonsignificant reduction in @entity2 from @entity3 in the @entity1 plus @entity5 group (5 vs 11 @entity2 , HR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.22). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal @entity0 , continuous combined @entity1 plus @entity5 decreases @entity3 incidence.

title: Continuous Combined @entity1 Plus XXXX and Endometrial Cancer: The @entity0 's Health Initiative Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: While @entity5 addition to @entity1 mitigates @entity3 risk, the magnitude of the effect on incidence, specific @entity3 histologies, and @entity3 mortality remains unsettled. These issues were assessed by analyses after extended follow-up of the @entity0 's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized clinical trial evaluating continuous combined @entity1 plus @entity5 use. METHODS: The WHI enrolled 16 608 postmenopausal @entity0 into a randomly assigned, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity0 age 50 to 79 years with intact uteri with normal endometrial biopsy at entry were randomly assigned to once-daily 0.625mg conjugated @entity4 @entity1 plus 2.5mg @entity6 (n = 8506) as a single pill or matching placebo (n = 8102). Follow-up beyond the original trial completion date required reconsent, obtained from 12 788 (83%) of surviving @entity0 . Analyses were by intent-to-treat. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: After 5.6 years' median intervention and 13 years' median cumulative follow-up, there were fewer @entity3 in the combined hormone therapy compared with the placebo group (66 vs 95 case @entity0 , yearly incidence, 0.06% vs 0.10%; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48 to 0.89, P = .007). While there were somewhat fewer @entity3 during intervention (25 vs 30, respectively; HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.45 to 1.31), the difference became statistically significant postintervention (41 vs 65, respectively; HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.88, P = .008), but hazard ratios did not differ between phases (P difference = .46). There was a statistically nonsignificant reduction in @entity2 from @entity3 in the @entity1 plus @entity5 group (5 vs 11 @entity2 , HR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.22). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal @entity0 , continuous combined @entity1 plus @entity5 decreases @entity3 incidence.

title: Continuous Combined XXXX Plus @entity5 and Endometrial Cancer: The @entity0 's Health Initiative Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: While @entity5 addition to @entity1 mitigates @entity3 risk, the magnitude of the effect on incidence, specific @entity3 histologies, and @entity3 mortality remains unsettled. These issues were assessed by analyses after extended follow-up of the @entity0 's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized clinical trial evaluating continuous combined @entity1 plus @entity5 use. METHODS: The WHI enrolled 16 608 postmenopausal @entity0 into a randomly assigned, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity0 age 50 to 79 years with intact uteri with normal endometrial biopsy at entry were randomly assigned to once-daily 0.625mg conjugated @entity4 @entity1 plus 2.5mg @entity6 (n = 8506) as a single pill or matching placebo (n = 8102). Follow-up beyond the original trial completion date required reconsent, obtained from 12 788 (83%) of surviving @entity0 . Analyses were by intent-to-treat. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: After 5.6 years' median intervention and 13 years' median cumulative follow-up, there were fewer @entity3 in the combined hormone therapy compared with the placebo group (66 vs 95 case @entity0 , yearly incidence, 0.06% vs 0.10%; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48 to 0.89, P = .007). While there were somewhat fewer @entity3 during intervention (25 vs 30, respectively; HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.45 to 1.31), the difference became statistically significant postintervention (41 vs 65, respectively; HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.88, P = .008), but hazard ratios did not differ between phases (P difference = .46). There was a statistically nonsignificant reduction in @entity2 from @entity3 in the @entity1 plus @entity5 group (5 vs 11 @entity2 , HR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.15 to 1.22). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal @entity0 , continuous combined @entity1 plus @entity5 decreases @entity3 incidence.

title: Continuous Combined @entity1 Plus @entity5 and Endometrial Cancer: The XXXX 's Health Initiative Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The efficacy of @entity1 cell-immune cell interactions depends on a number of factors, for example, the expression of HLA-I on @entity1 cells, the type of immune cell, the accessibility of @entity1 cells for immune cells and the expression of immunogenic epitopes. We assessed infiltration of @entity3 +, @entity4 +, @entity7 + and @entity8 + cells in the @entity1 epithelium, @entity1 stroma and advancing @entity1 margin of 93 @entity2 and correlated this to clinicopathological parameters, the expression of @entity5 and @entity6 /C on @entity1 cells, the presence of a basal membrane (BM)-like structure surrounding @entity1 nodules and the presence of microsatellite instability/mutator phenotype (absent @entity9 expression). The median intraepithelial @entity3 +, @entity4 +, @entity7 + and @entity8 + cell infiltrations were 3, 23, 0 and 0 cells/mm(2) @entity1 , respectively. @entity5 /BC expression by @entity1 cells was normal in 28/43%, heterogeneous in 59/48% and absent in 13/9% of the cases. A BM-like structure surrounding the @entity1 nodules was absent, present and thick in 47, 38 and 15% of the cases. Six cases lost @entity9 expression. There was a positive correlation between leukocyte infiltration in the three compartments for @entity3 +, @entity4 +, @entity7 + (partly) and @entity8 + (all P<0.05) cell infiltration. Intraepithelial @entity4 + cell infiltration inversely correlated with @entity5 (P=0.04) and @entity6 /C expression (P=0.04). Intraepithelial @entity8 + cell infiltration inversely correlated with @entity6 /C expression (P=0.04). Moreover, intraepithelial infiltration of @entity4 + and @entity8 + cells was inversely correlated to the presence of a BM-like structure (P=0.003 and 0.04, respectively). Uni- and multivariate analyses showed that a lower @entity1 stage (P=0.004) and marked infiltration of @entity4 + (P=0.04) and @entity8 + cells (P=0.05) at the advancing @entity1 margin were independent prognostic factors for a longer disease-free survival. Loss of @entity9 expression was correlated with a significantly higher intraepithelial @entity4 + and @entity8 + cell infiltration. We conclude that infiltration of @entity4 + and @entity8 + cells are important prognostic factors in @entity2 . However, their interaction with @entity1 cells is inversely correlated to the presence of HLA-I on @entity1 cells and a thick BM-like structure around @entity1 islets. Our data indicate that NK cells might play an important role in the immune surveillance in @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Immune system and prognosis in XXXX : a detailed immunohistochemical analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity4 plus @entity5 infusion was given simultaneously with radiation therapy; both were administered every other week. Twenty-seven @entity0 with stage IV disease and three with @entity1 were treated; 57% had T4, 33% had N3, and 10% had M1 disease. Of these @entity0 , 17 (57%) achieved complete response and the rest achieved partial response. However, whether or not a clinically complete response occurred had no effect on subsequent risk for disease recurrence. With a median follow-up of 16 months (range, 6-35), only 11 @entity0 (37%) have had disease recurrence and eight (27%) have died. Of those @entity0 who recurred, six failed in distant sites only, one developed a second head and neck primary, and four (36% of all failures) failed regionally. Normally, greater than 50% of @entity0 who are initially controlled (usually less than 60% of stage IV @entity0 ) would have failed within the first 12 months and greater than or equal to 75% of these would be expected to fail regionally. Nine @entity0 who had received previous treatment or who had M1 disease accounted for six of the recurrences and four of the deaths. Because of the excellent local control, we have cautiously limited surgery to conserve laryngeal, tongue, and mandibular function in selected cases. Neither immediate nor long-term @entity3 from radiation appeared increased. Although no @entity0 with such advanced disease can be considered cured at this time, these results seem to represent a substantial improvement in the quality of life and degree of local control over other approaches. Controlled trials of the sequencing of radiation and chemotherapy in @entity2 appear indicated.

title: Improved control in advanced @entity2 with simultaneous radiation and XXXX / @entity5 chemotherapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity4 plus @entity5 infusion was given simultaneously with radiation therapy; both were administered every other week. Twenty-seven @entity0 with stage IV disease and three with @entity1 were treated; 57% had T4, 33% had N3, and 10% had M1 disease. Of these @entity0 , 17 (57%) achieved complete response and the rest achieved partial response. However, whether or not a clinically complete response occurred had no effect on subsequent risk for disease recurrence. With a median follow-up of 16 months (range, 6-35), only 11 @entity0 (37%) have had disease recurrence and eight (27%) have died. Of those @entity0 who recurred, six failed in distant sites only, one developed a second head and neck primary, and four (36% of all failures) failed regionally. Normally, greater than 50% of @entity0 who are initially controlled (usually less than 60% of stage IV @entity0 ) would have failed within the first 12 months and greater than or equal to 75% of these would be expected to fail regionally. Nine @entity0 who had received previous treatment or who had M1 disease accounted for six of the recurrences and four of the deaths. Because of the excellent local control, we have cautiously limited surgery to conserve laryngeal, tongue, and mandibular function in selected cases. Neither immediate nor long-term @entity3 from radiation appeared increased. Although no @entity0 with such advanced disease can be considered cured at this time, these results seem to represent a substantial improvement in the quality of life and degree of local control over other approaches. Controlled trials of the sequencing of radiation and chemotherapy in @entity2 appear indicated.

title: Improved control in advanced @entity2 with simultaneous radiation and @entity4 / XXXX chemotherapy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Chemotherapy with @entity4 plus @entity5 infusion was given simultaneously with radiation therapy; both were administered every other week. Twenty-seven @entity0 with stage IV disease and three with @entity1 were treated; 57% had T4, 33% had N3, and 10% had M1 disease. Of these @entity0 , 17 (57%) achieved complete response and the rest achieved partial response. However, whether or not a clinically complete response occurred had no effect on subsequent risk for disease recurrence. With a median follow-up of 16 months (range, 6-35), only 11 @entity0 (37%) have had disease recurrence and eight (27%) have died. Of those @entity0 who recurred, six failed in distant sites only, one developed a second head and neck primary, and four (36% of all failures) failed regionally. Normally, greater than 50% of @entity0 who are initially controlled (usually less than 60% of stage IV @entity0 ) would have failed within the first 12 months and greater than or equal to 75% of these would be expected to fail regionally. Nine @entity0 who had received previous treatment or who had M1 disease accounted for six of the recurrences and four of the deaths. Because of the excellent local control, we have cautiously limited surgery to conserve laryngeal, tongue, and mandibular function in selected cases. Neither immediate nor long-term @entity3 from radiation appeared increased. Although no @entity0 with such advanced disease can be considered cured at this time, these results seem to represent a substantial improvement in the quality of life and degree of local control over other approaches. Controlled trials of the sequencing of radiation and chemotherapy in @entity2 appear indicated.

title: Improved control in advanced XXXX with simultaneous radiation and @entity4 / @entity5 chemotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We present an overview of the treatment and clinical outcome of 15 @entity14 , carried out in our center from 1993 to 2002. The surgical approach was determined by the location, and type of the lesion. Lateral orbitotomy was performed in five laterally located lesions, a transconjunctival approach in five medial, basal, extra-, intraconal lesions. Pterional intradural and extradural and intradural approaches (three) were used in case of intracranial involvement or location in the apex and optic canal. Two lesions of the lid or extraconal space were operated via @entity15 . Ten @entity0 were diagnosed as extranodal @entity6 . Diffuse large @entity9 (DLCL) was encountered in two @entity0 , @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in two @entity0 , and diffuse lymphoplasmacytic/ @entity13 in one @entity0 . All @entity0 except one failed to reveal @entity2 and had a localized @entity14 . Twelve of the @entity0 responded to radiation therapy with usually 40 Gy. @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity1 chemotherapy was applied in two @entity0 , once in combination with radiotherapy. Local recurrence was seen in one @entity0 with @entity4 . Systemic manifestation occurred in one @entity0 with DLCL, undergoing @entity7 , @entity12 , @entity11 chemotherapy with complete remission. The course of orbital @entity10 is variable and requires a multidisciplinary treatment. Therapeutic options include surgical biopsy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

title: Treatment of primary XXXX .

answer: @entity14


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the activation of clotting systems in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) by measuring the plasma D-dimer level and to determine the effect of low-dose @entity3 on D-dimer level during @entity2 . METHODS: Plasma D-dimer level was measured in 65 blood samples of 37 adult @entity0 with @entity6 who were hospitalized for vaso-occlusive @entity1 . D-dimer level of @entity0 who were on low-dose @entity3 was compared with those @entity0 who were not on any anticoagulation treatment. Analysis of variance (anova) was carried out to determine factors significantly associated with low D-dimer level in @entity0 with @entity6 . The following factors were included in the anova model; @entity3 , homozygous hemoglobin S, history of blood transfusion in past 3 months, @entity4 , hemoglobin S%, hemoglobin F%, white blood cell counts, hemoglobin level, platelet count, and plasma @entity5 level. RESULTS: Overall median D-dimer level in 65 samples was 2.7 microg @entity5 equivalent units (FEU)/mL (0.34-4). @entity0 who were on low-dose @entity3 had a median D-dimer level of 0.81 microg FEU/mL (0.34-1.8) compared with 3.1 microg FEU/mL (0.94-4) in those @entity0 who were not on anticoagulation treatment. Using anova to model D-dimer levels, only @entity3 was significantly correlated with low D-dimer levels after controlling for other variables. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity6 during vaso-occulsive @entity1 have an elevated D-dimer level. Low-dose anticoagulation treatment is associated with a significant reduction in the D-dimer levels.

title: Effect of low-dose XXXX on D-dimer levels during sickle cell @entity2 : a brief report.

answer: @entity3