abstract: BACKGROUND: Transforaminal epidural @entity4 injection (TFESI) is a commonly used interventional @entity2 management procedures to treat radicular leg @entity2 . Although most reported complications of TFESI are minor, serious morbidity has also been demonstrated including @entity5 , @entity3 , and @entity7 . Suggested mechanisms include @entity6 or intravascular injection of particulate @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: We compared 2 different needle types, @entity1 , with regard to intravascular injection rate with total procedure time and the amount of radiation during lumbar TFESI. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. SETTING: An interventional @entity2 management practice in South Korea. METHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, 149 @entity0 undergoing lumbar TFESI for radicular leg @entity2 were randomly assigned to one of 2 needle groups (Whitacre needle or Quincke type needle). After final confirmation of intravascular injection with digital subtraction angiography, total procedure time and amount of radiation exposure during TFESI were measured. RESULTS: The overall incidence of intravascular injection was 10.4% (28/269). We analyzed the overall incidence of intravascular injection according to the 2 different needle types. The incidence of intravascular injection of the Whitacre needle was 5.4% (8/146), whereas the incidence of intravascular injection of the Quincke needle was 16.2% (20/123). Total procedure time and amount of radiation required to complete the TFESI in the Whitacre and Quincke needle groups was 168.4    57.9 (seconds) and 33.4    15.9 (cGy/cm2), 131.9    46.0 (seconds) and 33.2    15.8 (cGy/cm2), respectively. LIMITATIONS: The physician who performed the TFESI was not blinded to the type of needle for detecting intravascular injection. This study was focused on lumbar TFESI, however, most TFESIs are performed at the L4-5 or L5-S1 level. CONCLUSION: The Whitacre needle had the benefit of reducing the incidence of intravascular injection with minimal differences in technical difficulties and the amount of radiation exposure during lumbar TFESI. KEY WORDS: Transforaminal epidural @entity4 injection, complication, intravascular injection, Whitacre needle, Quincke needle, procedure time, radiation, digital subtraction angiography.

title: Whitacre Needle Reduces the Incidence of Intravascular Uptake in Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural XXXX Injections.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The association of high-density lipoprotein particle (HDL-P) with @entity5 may be stronger than that of HDL- @entity3 (HDL-C) and independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Whether associations persist in populations at low risk of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) remains unclear. This study examines the associations of HDL-P and HDL-C with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and plaque counts among Japanese @entity0 , who characteristically have higher HDL-C levels and a lower @entity4 burden than those in @entity0 of Western populations. METHODS: We cross-sectionally examined a community-based sample of 870 Japanese @entity0 aged 40-79 years, free of known clinical @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and not on lipid-lowering medication. @entity0 were randomly selected among Japanese living in Kusatsu City in Shiga, Japan. RESULTS: Both HDL-P and HDL-C were inversely and independently associated with cIMT in models adjusted for conventional @entity4 risk factors, including low-density lipoprotein @entity3 (LDL-C) and @entity1 . HDL-P maintained an association with cIMT after further adjustment for HDL-C (P  <  0.01), whereas the association of HDL-C with cIMT was noticeably absent after inclusion of HDL-P in the model. In plaque counts of the carotid arteries, HDL-P was significantly associated with a reduction in plaque count, whereas HDL-C was not. CONCLUSION: HDL-P, in comparison to HDL-C, is more strongly associated with measures of @entity6 in a cross-sectional study of Japanese @entity0 . Findings demonstrate that, HDL-P is a strong correlate of subclinical @entity5 even in a population at low risk for @entity4 .

title: High-density lipoprotein particle concentration and subclinical XXXX of the carotid arteries in Japanese @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The association of high-density lipoprotein particle (HDL-P) with @entity5 may be stronger than that of HDL- @entity3 (HDL-C) and independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Whether associations persist in populations at low risk of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) remains unclear. This study examines the associations of HDL-P and HDL-C with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and plaque counts among Japanese @entity0 , who characteristically have higher HDL-C levels and a lower @entity4 burden than those in @entity0 of Western populations. METHODS: We cross-sectionally examined a community-based sample of 870 Japanese @entity0 aged 40-79 years, free of known clinical @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and not on lipid-lowering medication. @entity0 were randomly selected among Japanese living in Kusatsu City in Shiga, Japan. RESULTS: Both HDL-P and HDL-C were inversely and independently associated with cIMT in models adjusted for conventional @entity4 risk factors, including low-density lipoprotein @entity3 (LDL-C) and @entity1 . HDL-P maintained an association with cIMT after further adjustment for HDL-C (P  <  0.01), whereas the association of HDL-C with cIMT was noticeably absent after inclusion of HDL-P in the model. In plaque counts of the carotid arteries, HDL-P was significantly associated with a reduction in plaque count, whereas HDL-C was not. CONCLUSION: HDL-P, in comparison to HDL-C, is more strongly associated with measures of @entity6 in a cross-sectional study of Japanese @entity0 . Findings demonstrate that, HDL-P is a strong correlate of subclinical @entity5 even in a population at low risk for @entity4 .

title: High-density lipoprotein particle concentration and subclinical @entity5 of the carotid arteries in Japanese XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peritoneal @entity5 is a @entity1 with poor prognosis. The present study reports single center experience with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with @entity2 (HIPEC-OX) over an eight-year period. METHODS: Prospectively collected data of all consecutive @entity0 with epithelial or multicystic peritoneal @entity5 from August 2004 to October 2012 was analyzed. @entity0 with @entity4 or biphasic peritoneal @entity5 were not included due to general poor prognosis. Treatment consisted in @entity3 and HIPEC-OX (460  mg/m(2)) at 43    C during 30  min. For statistical analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted and compared using log-rank tests. Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to analyze the influence of different variables on survival. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity0 with peritoneal @entity5 underwent laparotomy with @entity3 and HIPEC-OX with curative intent (15 epithelial, and 4 multicystic). Mean follow-up was 36.7 months. The estimated one-year and three-year overall survival rates were respectively 100% and 91%. The estimated one-year and three-year disease-free survival rates were respectively 77% and 50%. Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification [1] and major complications occurred in 57% of cases. There was no postoperative mortality. Histological grade was not a prognostic factor of disease-free survival (p  =  0.37). CONCLUSION: When comparing survival results as well as morbidity-mortality rates, the present study shows that @entity3 and HIPEC-OX is a valid treatment for peritoneal @entity5 .

title: Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with XXXX for peritoneal @entity5 : Preliminary results and survival analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peritoneal @entity5 is a @entity1 with poor prognosis. The present study reports single center experience with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with @entity2 (HIPEC-OX) over an eight-year period. METHODS: Prospectively collected data of all consecutive @entity0 with epithelial or multicystic peritoneal @entity5 from August 2004 to October 2012 was analyzed. @entity0 with @entity4 or biphasic peritoneal @entity5 were not included due to general poor prognosis. Treatment consisted in @entity3 and HIPEC-OX (460  mg/m(2)) at 43    C during 30  min. For statistical analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted and compared using log-rank tests. Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to analyze the influence of different variables on survival. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity0 with peritoneal @entity5 underwent laparotomy with @entity3 and HIPEC-OX with curative intent (15 epithelial, and 4 multicystic). Mean follow-up was 36.7 months. The estimated one-year and three-year overall survival rates were respectively 100% and 91%. The estimated one-year and three-year disease-free survival rates were respectively 77% and 50%. Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification [1] and major complications occurred in 57% of cases. There was no postoperative mortality. Histological grade was not a prognostic factor of disease-free survival (p  =  0.37). CONCLUSION: When comparing survival results as well as morbidity-mortality rates, the present study shows that @entity3 and HIPEC-OX is a valid treatment for peritoneal @entity5 .

title: Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with @entity2 for peritoneal XXXX : Preliminary results and survival analysis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Large @entity5 are often associated with physical, social, and health problems for the @entity0 , and surgical repair remains a challenge. Open components separation has widely been applied to obtain closure of the midline and recently a minimally invasive technique has been introduced (endoscopic components separation). The effectiveness and safety of endoscopic components separation have been demonstrated in previous reports, whereas little is known about quality of life in these @entity0 . With a focus on quality of life, we present the first @entity0 from our center operated on with endoscopic components separation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 19 consecutive @entity0 scheduled for open @entity3 repair with endoscopic components separation from October 2010 to June 2012 were included. All procedures included endoscopic components separation because of the @entity3 size. Demographic data, operative information, and @entity2 were recorded. All @entity0 completed two similar questionnaires regarding their function level, cosmetic satisfaction, analgesic medication, @entity1 consumption, and self-estimated physical and mental health before and after the @entity3 repair. @entity0 were assessed as outpatient median 2   months and 16   months after operation for exclusion of @entity3 recurrence and completion of the postoperative questionnaire. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Operating room time was median 204   min and correlated significantly with the @entity3 size. A total of 21 @entity2 occurred in 14 @entity0 . The length of stay was median 6   days and correlated significantly with duration of the operation. Of these, 15 @entity0 participated in late follow-up visit. Two @entity0 experienced recurrent @entity3 . Postoperative function level, cosmetic satisfaction, and self-estimated physical and mental health improved significantly. @entity1 consumption was significantly reduced. Endoscopic components separation is a reliable method to repair large @entity5 , although further studies are required to determine the exact benefits for @entity4 repair versus conventional @entity3 repair.

title: Quality of Life after XXXX with Endoscopic Component Separation Technique.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aims of the current study are to describe @entity7 -enhanced MRI features of an acute flare of established @entity10 in different joints and to examine a possible association between serum @entity6 and MRI signs indicative of ongoing @entity1 and/or @entity2 as well as association with disease characteristics and laboratory findings. Twenty-seven male @entity0 with established @entity4 agreed to participate, mean age 47.6  years, and mean disease duration in months 43.2 (  31.8). For all @entity0 , detailed demographic, disease characteristics, and laboratory findings were obtained and correlated with MRI findings. In 27 @entity0 with established gout, a total of 50 MRI studies were performed of the following joints: feet joints (n   =   23), ankles (n   =   18), knees (n   =   5), and hand and wrist joints (n   =   4). MRI revealed capsular thickening in 19 @entity0 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in 15, @entity11 ( @entity11 ) in 20, joint effusion in 21, @entity3 in 17, @entity8 in 4, and @entity9 in 9 cases. In 17 cases, tophaceous lesions were found. Post contrast MRI showed synovial thickening in seven cases. Positive correlations were observed between serum @entity6 levels and the following MRI findings: capsular thickening (r   =   0.552, p   =   0.003), @entity5 (r   =   0.668, p    <=   0.0001), @entity11 (r   =   0.559, p   =   0.002), and @entity9 (r   =   0.513, p   =   0.006). Using MRI in @entity4 , important features can be detected like @entity5 , minute @entity8 , and @entity1 in post contrast MR images. Serum @entity6 (SUA) was positively correlated with capsular thickening, @entity5 , @entity11 , and @entity9 .

title: XXXX -enhanced MRI features of @entity10 on top of chronic gouty involvement in different joints.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aims of the current study are to describe @entity7 -enhanced MRI features of an acute flare of established @entity10 in different joints and to examine a possible association between serum @entity6 and MRI signs indicative of ongoing @entity1 and/or @entity2 as well as association with disease characteristics and laboratory findings. Twenty-seven male @entity0 with established @entity4 agreed to participate, mean age 47.6  years, and mean disease duration in months 43.2 (  31.8). For all @entity0 , detailed demographic, disease characteristics, and laboratory findings were obtained and correlated with MRI findings. In 27 @entity0 with established gout, a total of 50 MRI studies were performed of the following joints: feet joints (n   =   23), ankles (n   =   18), knees (n   =   5), and hand and wrist joints (n   =   4). MRI revealed capsular thickening in 19 @entity0 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in 15, @entity11 ( @entity11 ) in 20, joint effusion in 21, @entity3 in 17, @entity8 in 4, and @entity9 in 9 cases. In 17 cases, tophaceous lesions were found. Post contrast MRI showed synovial thickening in seven cases. Positive correlations were observed between serum @entity6 levels and the following MRI findings: capsular thickening (r   =   0.552, p   =   0.003), @entity5 (r   =   0.668, p    <=   0.0001), @entity11 (r   =   0.559, p   =   0.002), and @entity9 (r   =   0.513, p   =   0.006). Using MRI in @entity4 , important features can be detected like @entity5 , minute @entity8 , and @entity1 in post contrast MR images. Serum @entity6 (SUA) was positively correlated with capsular thickening, @entity5 , @entity11 , and @entity9 .

title: @entity7 -enhanced MRI features of XXXX on top of chronic gouty involvement in different joints.

answer: @entity10


abstract: The cases of 11 @entity0 with @entity3 secondary to @entity5 are analyzed. Most of the @entity0 had suffered from @entity1 before they developed hydrocephalic symptoms, and computerized tomography showed that infestation of the parenchyma coexisted with ventricular or cisternal colonization. In four cases, the parasitic vesicles compromised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in the ventricular system, resulting in internal @entity3 . Communicating @entity3 , caused by the presence of Cysticercus larvae in the basal cisterns (Cysticercus racemosus), or by the occurrence of a @entity2 , or both, developed in seven more @entity0 . Changes in CSF pressure were related to the number and location of the cysts and to the leptomeningeal inflammatory reactions evoked by them. The majority of @entity0 presented with a chronic and relatively normotensive @entity3 . All @entity0 except one had identifiable ventricular or cisternal Cysticercus larvae; these @entity0 were treated with open removal of the cysts, and did well. However, most of them had impairment of CSF flow through the basal cisterns and required permanent CSF shunting. Communicating @entity3 due to @entity4 was also successfully managed with extracranial shunting. @entity1 was controlled with anticonvulsant therapy. Although good lasting results may be obtained with aggressive treatment of @entity5 , @entity0 are liable to relapse because surgery is only palliative in most instances.

title: @entity3 in XXXX . Pathogenic and therapeutic considerations.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The cases of 11 @entity0 with @entity3 secondary to @entity5 are analyzed. Most of the @entity0 had suffered from @entity1 before they developed hydrocephalic symptoms, and computerized tomography showed that infestation of the parenchyma coexisted with ventricular or cisternal colonization. In four cases, the parasitic vesicles compromised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in the ventricular system, resulting in internal @entity3 . Communicating @entity3 , caused by the presence of Cysticercus larvae in the basal cisterns (Cysticercus racemosus), or by the occurrence of a @entity2 , or both, developed in seven more @entity0 . Changes in CSF pressure were related to the number and location of the cysts and to the leptomeningeal inflammatory reactions evoked by them. The majority of @entity0 presented with a chronic and relatively normotensive @entity3 . All @entity0 except one had identifiable ventricular or cisternal Cysticercus larvae; these @entity0 were treated with open removal of the cysts, and did well. However, most of them had impairment of CSF flow through the basal cisterns and required permanent CSF shunting. Communicating @entity3 due to @entity4 was also successfully managed with extracranial shunting. @entity1 was controlled with anticonvulsant therapy. Although good lasting results may be obtained with aggressive treatment of @entity5 , @entity0 are liable to relapse because surgery is only palliative in most instances.

title: XXXX in @entity5 . Pathogenic and therapeutic considerations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Quadrivalent live attenuated @entity7 vaccine (LAIV4) was approved in 2012 for healthy @entity0 aged 2-49 years. Beginning with the 2013-2014 @entity7 season, LAIV4 replaced trivalent live attenuated @entity7 vaccine (LAIV3). METHODS: We analyzed LAIV4 reports to VAERS, a national spontaneous reporting system. LAIV4 reports in 2013-2014 were compared to LAIV3 reports from the previous three @entity7 seasons. Medical records were reviewed for non-manufacturer serious reports (i.e., @entity3 , hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, life-threatening illness, @entity8 ) and reports of selected conditions of interest. We conducted Empirical Bayesian data mining to identify disproportional reporting for LAIV4. RESULTS: In 2013-2014, 12.7 million doses of LAIV4 were distributed and VAERS received 779 reports in individuals aged 2-49 years; 95% were non-serious. Expired drug administered (42%), @entity4 (13%) and cough (8%) were most commonly reported in @entity0 aged 2-17 years when LAIV4 was administered alone, while @entity1 (18%), expired drug administered (15%) and exposure during pregnancy (12%) were most common in adults aged 18-49 years. We identified one @entity3 report in a @entity0 who died from complications of @entity10 . Among non- @entity3 serious reports, neurologic conditions were common in @entity0 and adults. In @entity0 , @entity5 (3) and @entity9 (2) were the most common serious neurologic outcomes. We identified three serious reports of @entity6 /wheezing following LAIV4 in @entity0 . Data mining detected disproportional reporting for vaccine administration errors and for @entity7 in @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis of VAERS reports for LAIV4 did not identify any concerning patterns. The data mining finding for reports of @entity7 is consistent with low LAIV4 vaccine effectiveness observed for @entity2 in @entity0 in 2013-2014. Reports of LAIV4 administration to @entity0 in whom the vaccine is not recommended (e.g., pregnant @entity0 ) indicate the need for education, training and screening regarding indications.

title: Post-licensure surveillance of quadrivalent live attenuated XXXX vaccine United States, Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), July 2013-June 2014.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: Pharmacy compounded products are not regulated to the same standards as commercially available, approved products, increasing potential safety and efficacy risks to @entity0 . This report describes an in vitro study examining consistency of content and release profile of compounded @entity4 fumarates. Methods: Samples of compounded @entity2 (cDMF-A, cDMF-B, cFumaderm) from separate Austrian compounding pharmacies were analyzed for drug content, uniformity of dosage, impurity, and in vitro release. Results: The average @entity2 ( @entity1 ) content ranged from 102.5 to 96.7% of the 120   mg content listed on the product labels. While the @entity1 capsule-to-capsule content of cDMF-A was somewhat uniform (~20% difference), there was greater variability amongst cDMF-B and cFumaderm capsules (>   30% difference). Impurity testing revealed 2 and 4 unknown components within cDMF-A and cDMF-B, respectively, with levels ranging from 0.05 to 0.81% of total drug content. In in vitro testing of cDMF-A,>10% (12   mg) of @entity1 was released after 120   min in simulated gastric fluid and 17% (20   mg) released in simulated intestinal fluid after 60   min. While minimal amount of @entity1 was released from cDMF-B in simulated gastric fluid, 50% (60   mg) of @entity1 was released after 60   min in simulated intestinal fluid. Similarly for cFumaderm, a fraction (<   20   mg) of the 120   mg target dose was released after several hours in simulated intestinal fluid. The uniformity of release rates across capsules varied significantly. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that compounded @entity3 are not equivalent to licensed products and may present unknown safety, efficacy, or quality risks.

title: Compounded Formulations of XXXX Show Significant Variability in Product Characteristics.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to establish the role of Achieve Mapping Catheter in cryoablation for paroxysmal @entity2 (PAF) in a randomized trial. METHODS: A total of 102 @entity0 undergoing their first ablation for PAF were randomized at 2:1 to an Achieve- or Lasso-guided procedure. Study @entity0 were systematically followed up for 12  months with Holter monitoring. Primary study endpoint was acute procedure success. Secondary endpoint was clinical outcomes assessed by AF free at 6 and 12  months after the procedure. RESULTS: Of 102 @entity0 , 99  % of acute procedure success was achieved. Significantly shorter procedure duration with the Achieve-guided group than with the Lasso-guided group (118        18 vs. 129        21  min, p   <   0.05) was observed as was the duration of fluoroscopy (17        5 vs. 20        7  min, p   <   0.05) by subgroup analysis focused on procedures performed by experienced operators. In the whole study @entity0 , procedure and fluoroscopic durations were similar in the Achieve- (n   =   68) and Lasso-guided groups (n   =   34). Transient @entity1 weakening was equally prevalent with the Achieve and Lasso. No association was found between clinical outcomes and the mapping catheter used. The use of second-generation cryoballoon (n   =   68) reduced procedure time significantly compared to the first-generation balloon (n   =   34); more @entity0 were free of AF in the former than the latter group during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the Achieve Mapping Catheter can reduce procedure and fluoroscopic durations compared with Lasso catheters in cryoablation for PAF after operators gained sufficient experience. The type of mapping catheter used does not affect procedure efficiency and safety by models of cryoballoon.

title: Evaluation of the Achieve Mapping Catheter in cryoablation for XXXX : a prospective randomized trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. Three adult dairy @entity0 were fitted with cannulas in a mesenteric, portal, hepatic and jugular vein and a carotid artery. They received infusions of step-wise increasing amounts of @entity6 as @entity8 via a mesenteric vein until NH 3 intoxication occurred. @entity9 was used in control infusions. The maximum rate of uptake of @entity7 by the liver and the concentrations of @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 in blood were measured. 2. During the infusions of @entity8 the liver extracted almost all the @entity7 present in the portal vein until an infusion rate of approximately 15.0 mmol/min was reached. The maximum capacity of the liver to remove @entity7 during its first pass was on average 1.84 mmol/min per kg wet weight. The @entity0 became intoxicated when arterial plasma @entity6 concentrations reached 0.8 mmol/l. Concentrations of @entity7 in jugular venous blood were between 66 and 74% of those in the carotid.

title: The maximum capacity of the liver of the adult dairy XXXX to metabolize @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. Three adult dairy @entity0 were fitted with cannulas in a mesenteric, portal, hepatic and jugular vein and a carotid artery. They received infusions of step-wise increasing amounts of @entity6 as @entity8 via a mesenteric vein until NH 3 intoxication occurred. @entity9 was used in control infusions. The maximum rate of uptake of @entity7 by the liver and the concentrations of @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 in blood were measured. 2. During the infusions of @entity8 the liver extracted almost all the @entity7 present in the portal vein until an infusion rate of approximately 15.0 mmol/min was reached. The maximum capacity of the liver to remove @entity7 during its first pass was on average 1.84 mmol/min per kg wet weight. The @entity0 became intoxicated when arterial plasma @entity6 concentrations reached 0.8 mmol/l. Concentrations of @entity7 in jugular venous blood were between 66 and 74% of those in the carotid.

title: The maximum capacity of the liver of the adult dairy @entity0 to metabolize XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Graduated compression stockings carry a potential risk of pressure, vascular and other complications. Current understanding of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) risk leaves it uncertain whether @entity0 with @entity2 should wear stockings on both legs. OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between the side of the @entity2 and the subsequent occurrence of symptomatic lower limb @entity4 . SETTING: Single tertiary @entity1 centre, Wales. @entity0 : All 3657 @entity0 presenting with @entity2 between 2007 and 2013 were identified from our unit's National @entity2 Database. We excluded 404 @entity0 (11.0%) resident outside our catchment area, leaving a total of 3253. Median age was 83   years (  12.4). PRIMARY/SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: We cross-linked @entity0 details with Medical Physics records, to identify 634 (19.5%) who had undergone one or more lower-limb Doppler-ultrasound scans at some point during the study period. The distribution rates of @entity4 were calculated from this resulting data set. RESULTS: Many of the total 634 scans were unrelated to the @entity2 , including 225 (35.5%) performed prior to the @entity3 . We calculated a baseline rate of @entity4 of 3.7/1000 @entity0 per year, for the 3-month period immediately before the @entity2 . Scans performed following @entity2 showed @entity4 risk to be highest in the 3-month period after @entity3 (35.7/1000 @entity0 per year). This resulted from a six-fold increase in DVTs on the side of the @entity3 (29.5/1000 @entity0 per year, p<0.01). We found only a very small non-significant increase in @entity4 on the contralateral leg (6.1/1000 @entity0 per year) CONCLUSIONS: The additional risk of @entity4 after @entity2 is essentially confined to the fractured limb-the leg to which it is most painful to apply stockings. There appears little justification for the cost and potential risk of using stockings on the contralateral leg.

title: Mechanical prophylaxis after @entity2 : what is the risk of XXXX ? A retrospective observational study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Graduated compression stockings carry a potential risk of pressure, vascular and other complications. Current understanding of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) risk leaves it uncertain whether @entity0 with @entity2 should wear stockings on both legs. OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between the side of the @entity2 and the subsequent occurrence of symptomatic lower limb @entity4 . SETTING: Single tertiary @entity1 centre, Wales. @entity0 : All 3657 @entity0 presenting with @entity2 between 2007 and 2013 were identified from our unit's National @entity2 Database. We excluded 404 @entity0 (11.0%) resident outside our catchment area, leaving a total of 3253. Median age was 83   years (  12.4). PRIMARY/SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: We cross-linked @entity0 details with Medical Physics records, to identify 634 (19.5%) who had undergone one or more lower-limb Doppler-ultrasound scans at some point during the study period. The distribution rates of @entity4 were calculated from this resulting data set. RESULTS: Many of the total 634 scans were unrelated to the @entity2 , including 225 (35.5%) performed prior to the @entity3 . We calculated a baseline rate of @entity4 of 3.7/1000 @entity0 per year, for the 3-month period immediately before the @entity2 . Scans performed following @entity2 showed @entity4 risk to be highest in the 3-month period after @entity3 (35.7/1000 @entity0 per year). This resulted from a six-fold increase in DVTs on the side of the @entity3 (29.5/1000 @entity0 per year, p<0.01). We found only a very small non-significant increase in @entity4 on the contralateral leg (6.1/1000 @entity0 per year) CONCLUSIONS: The additional risk of @entity4 after @entity2 is essentially confined to the fractured limb-the leg to which it is most painful to apply stockings. There appears little justification for the cost and potential risk of using stockings on the contralateral leg.

title: Mechanical prophylaxis after XXXX : what is the risk of @entity4 ? A retrospective observational study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Purpose.: To investigate the potential of a pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) peptide 44-mer to promote limbal regeneration in a @entity0 partial @entity1 model. Methods.: Limbal excision (180  ) was created surgically, and topical application of 44-mer-containing ointment once a day for 2 weeks was started immediately after injury. Limbal barrier function was inspected at 2 and 6 months after treatment. @entity2 was observed under slit-lamp microscope. The presence of goblet cells on the corneal surface was examined using impression cytology. The resulting repair tissue was assessed by immunohistochemical staining with antibodies for putative limbal stem cell (LSC) markers   Np63a and @entity3 . Cells harvested from the regenerated tissue were analyzed for colony-forming capacity and expression of LSC markers by immunostaining assay and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Results.: Eyes treated with the 44-mer blocked vascularization and goblet cell migration onto the corneal surface. By means of immunohistochemical staining and cell isolation in the repair tissue, we showed that LSCs were widely distributed at the regenerated tissue after 44-mer treatment. The repaired limbus contributed robustly to corneal wound healing as effectively as undamaged limbus. Conclusions.: We demonstrated that 44-mer regenerates a functional limbus-like structure on limbal excision wounds. Our finding suggests that the PEDF peptide derivative may be an innovative strategy for tissue engineering and repair therapy in partial LSC @entity1 .

title: Pigment Epithelial-Derived Factor Peptide Facilitates the Regeneration of a Functional Limbus in XXXX Partial Limbal Deficiency.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective mechanisms evoked by @entity8 and @entity7 signaling in @entity6 in vivo. METHODS: @entity6 was induced in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity8 (-/-), @entity7 (-/-), and @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 by intravitreal injections of a laboratory strain (RN6390) and two @entity6 isolates of @entity3 . Disease progression was monitored by assessing corneal and vitreous haze, @entity5 . Levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were determined using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to assess neutrophil infiltration. @entity9 ( @entity9 ) expression was determined by immunostaining and dot blot. RESULTS: Eyes infected with either laboratory or clinical isolates exhibited higher levels of inflammatory mediators at the early stages of @entity2 ( <=24 hours) in @entity1 @entity0 than in @entity8 (-/-) or @entity7 (-/-) @entity0 . However, their levels surpassed that of @entity1 @entity0 at the later stages of @entity2 (>48 hours), coinciding with @entity4 . Both @entity8 (-/-) and @entity7 (-/-) retinas produced reduced levels of @entity9 , and its deficiency ( @entity9 (-/-)) rendered the @entity0 susceptible to @entity4 as early as 1 day post @entity2 . Analyses of inflammatory mediators and neutrophil levels in @entity1 versus @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 showed a trend similar to that observed in @entity8 and @entity7 KO @entity0 . Furthermore, we observed that even a 10-fold lower infective dose of @entity3 was sufficient to cause @entity6 in @entity8 (-/-) and @entity7 (-/-) @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 and @entity7 signaling plays an important role in protecting the retina from @entity6 by production of the antimicrobial peptide @entity9 .

title: In Vivo Role of @entity8 and @entity7 Signaling in Eliciting Innate Immune Responses in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective mechanisms evoked by @entity8 and @entity7 signaling in @entity6 in vivo. METHODS: @entity6 was induced in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity8 (-/-), @entity7 (-/-), and @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 by intravitreal injections of a laboratory strain (RN6390) and two @entity6 isolates of @entity3 . Disease progression was monitored by assessing corneal and vitreous haze, @entity5 . Levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were determined using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to assess neutrophil infiltration. @entity9 ( @entity9 ) expression was determined by immunostaining and dot blot. RESULTS: Eyes infected with either laboratory or clinical isolates exhibited higher levels of inflammatory mediators at the early stages of @entity2 ( <=24 hours) in @entity1 @entity0 than in @entity8 (-/-) or @entity7 (-/-) @entity0 . However, their levels surpassed that of @entity1 @entity0 at the later stages of @entity2 (>48 hours), coinciding with @entity4 . Both @entity8 (-/-) and @entity7 (-/-) retinas produced reduced levels of @entity9 , and its deficiency ( @entity9 (-/-)) rendered the @entity0 susceptible to @entity4 as early as 1 day post @entity2 . Analyses of inflammatory mediators and neutrophil levels in @entity1 versus @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 showed a trend similar to that observed in @entity8 and @entity7 KO @entity0 . Furthermore, we observed that even a 10-fold lower infective dose of @entity3 was sufficient to cause @entity6 in @entity8 (-/-) and @entity7 (-/-) @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 and @entity7 signaling plays an important role in protecting the retina from @entity6 by production of the antimicrobial peptide @entity9 .

title: In Vivo Role of @entity8 and XXXX Signaling in Eliciting Innate Immune Responses in @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective mechanisms evoked by @entity8 and @entity7 signaling in @entity6 in vivo. METHODS: @entity6 was induced in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity8 (-/-), @entity7 (-/-), and @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 by intravitreal injections of a laboratory strain (RN6390) and two @entity6 isolates of @entity3 . Disease progression was monitored by assessing corneal and vitreous haze, @entity5 . Levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were determined using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to assess neutrophil infiltration. @entity9 ( @entity9 ) expression was determined by immunostaining and dot blot. RESULTS: Eyes infected with either laboratory or clinical isolates exhibited higher levels of inflammatory mediators at the early stages of @entity2 ( <=24 hours) in @entity1 @entity0 than in @entity8 (-/-) or @entity7 (-/-) @entity0 . However, their levels surpassed that of @entity1 @entity0 at the later stages of @entity2 (>48 hours), coinciding with @entity4 . Both @entity8 (-/-) and @entity7 (-/-) retinas produced reduced levels of @entity9 , and its deficiency ( @entity9 (-/-)) rendered the @entity0 susceptible to @entity4 as early as 1 day post @entity2 . Analyses of inflammatory mediators and neutrophil levels in @entity1 versus @entity9 (-/-) @entity0 showed a trend similar to that observed in @entity8 and @entity7 KO @entity0 . Furthermore, we observed that even a 10-fold lower infective dose of @entity3 was sufficient to cause @entity6 in @entity8 (-/-) and @entity7 (-/-) @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 and @entity7 signaling plays an important role in protecting the retina from @entity6 by production of the antimicrobial peptide @entity9 .

title: In Vivo Role of XXXX and @entity7 Signaling in Eliciting Innate Immune Responses in @entity6 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence shows that wait times before @entity1 surgery have been increasing, and wait time can negatively affect survival. We aimed to determine if a long delay caused by an indirect referral before a first urologist visit affects the survival of @entity0 undergoing radical cystectomy for @entity1 . METHODS: We analyzed data from 1271 @entity0 who underwent surgery for @entity1 during the decade 2000-2009. The cohort was obtained by linking two administrative databases in the province of Quebec. @entity0 were considered to have been directly referred to a urologist if they had 5 or fewer visits with a general practitioner before their first urologist visit; otherwise, they were considered to have been indirectly referred. The effect on survival after surgery of a longer delay before a first urologist visit was assessed using Cox regression models. RESULTS: Median referral delay for the study population was 30 days (56 days for @entity0 , 23 days for @entity0 ; p < 0.0001). Indirect referral was observed for 49% of @entity0 and 33% of @entity0 . Compared with @entity0 who were directly referred, those who were indirectly referred after first symptoms of @entity1 experienced poorer survival (hazard ratio: 1.29; 95% confidence interval: 1.10 to 1.52). @entity0 who were indirectly referred had a significant 47% greater risk of @entity2 after radical cystectomy. @entity0 who were indirectly referred also experienced decreased survival (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.25; 95% confidence interval: 1.03 to 1.51). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 indirectly referred to a urologist had an increased risk of mortality after surgery. Compared with @entity0 , @entity0 had longer wait times and poorer survival.

title: Urologist referral delay and its impact on survival after radical cystectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: CHARM-02 is a crossover, double-blind, randomized trial to compare the safety and pharmacokinetics of three rectally applied @entity4 1% gel candidate rectal microbicides of varying osmolalities: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) (3111   mOsmol/kg), the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) (836   mOsmol/kg), and an isoosmolal rectal-specific formulation (RF) (479   mOsmol/kg). @entity0 (n   =   9) received a single, 4   ml, radiolabeled dose of each gel twice, once with and once without simulated unprotected receptive anal intercourse (RAI). The safety, plasma @entity4 pharmacokinetics, colonic small molecule permeability, and SPECT/CT imaging of lower gastrointestinal distribution of drug and virus surrogate were assessed. There were no Grade 3 or 4 adverse events reported for any of the products. Overall, there were more Grade 2 adverse events in the @entity3 group compared to RF (p   =   0.006) and @entity2 (p   =   0.048). In the absence of simulated unprotected RAI, @entity3 had up to 3.8-fold greater systemic @entity4 exposure, 26- to 234-fold higher colonic permeability of the drug surrogate, and 1.5- to 2-fold greater proximal migration in the colonic lumen, when compared to RF and @entity2 . Similar trends were observed with simulated unprotected RAI, but most did not reach statistical significance. SPECT analysis showed 86% (standard deviation 19%) of the drug surrogate colocalized with the virus surrogate in the colonic lumen. There were no significant differences between the @entity2 and RF formulation, with the exception of a higher plasma @entity4 concentration of @entity2 in the absence of simulated unprotected RAI. @entity3 had the most adverse events, highest plasma @entity4 concentrations, greater mucosal permeability of the drug surrogate, and most proximal colonic luminal migration compared to RF and @entity2 formulations. There were no major differences between RF and @entity2 formulations. Simultaneous assessment of @entity1 , systemic and luminal pharmacokinetics, and colocalization of drug and viral surrogates substantially informs rectal microbicide product development.

title: A Phase 1 Randomized, Blinded Comparison of the Pharmacokinetics and Colonic Distribution of Three Candidate Rectal Microbicide Formulations of XXXX 1% Gel with Simulated Unprotected Sex (CHARM-02).

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) measurement using transient elastography can accurately assess the degree of @entity6 , which is associated with the risk of the development of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We investigated whether @entity4 values could predict @entity3 de novo recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). METHODS: This retrospective, multicenter study analyzed 111 @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent RFA and @entity4 measurement using transient elastography between May 2005 and April 2011. All @entity0 were followed until March 2013 to monitor for @entity3 recurrence. RESULTS: This study included 76 @entity0 and 35 @entity0 with a mean age of 62.4 years, and the mean @entity4 value was 21.2 kPa. During the follow-up period (median 22.4 months), 47 (42.3%) @entity0 experienced @entity3 de novo recurrence, and 18 (16.2%) died. @entity0 with recurrence had significantly more frequent liver @entity2 , more frequent history of previous treatment for @entity3 , higher total @entity5 , larger spleen size, larger total @entity1 size, higher @entity1 number, higher @entity4 values, and lower platelet counts than those without recurrence (all P<0.05). On multivariate analysis, together with previous anti- @entity3 treatment history, @entity0 with @entity4 values >13.0 kPa were at significantly greater risk for recurrence after RFA, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.115 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.238-7.842, P<0.05). Moreover, @entity4 values independently predicted the mortality after RFA, with a HR of 9.834 (95% CI, 1.148-84.211, P<0.05), together with total @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that @entity4 measurement is a useful predictor of @entity3 de novo recurrence and overall survival after RFA.

title: Use of transient elastography to predict de novo recurrence after radiofrequency ablation for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity4 ), a natural product from the Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia root, has been reported to improve cognitive function and exhibits neuroprotective effects in pharmacological studies of the central nervous system. Synaptic transmission is the essential process of brain physiological functions such as learning and memory formation, and @entity4 has been shown to facilitate the basic synaptic transmission. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: Although our previous work has demonstrated that @entity4 is able to potentiate the basic synaptic transmission, the potential mechanism remains unclear. Here we investigated the effect of @entity4 on the synaptic transmission and analysed the potential mechanism. We hope that these findings will contribute to explain the role of @entity4 as a nootropic product or neuroprotective drug in the future. METHODS: Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs), spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and miniature spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) were recorded, by using in vitro field potential electrophysiology and whole-cell patch clamp techniques in acute hippocampal slices from @entity0 . RESULTS: @entity4 perfusion significantly enhanced the slope of fEPSPs and reduced the ratio of paired-pulse facilitation. Moreover, @entity4 increased the frequency and amplitude of sEPSCs but only improved the frequency of mEPSCs rather than amplitude in hippocampal @entity2 pyramidal neurons. With removal of extracellular @entity1 , @entity4 treatment also enhanced the mEPSCs frequency without affecting amplitude. Interestingly, the increase of mEPSCs frequency caused by @entity4 was blocked by chelation of intracellular @entity1 with @entity5 . CONCLUSION: These results indicate that @entity4 enhances the basic synaptic transmission via stimulating presynaptic intracellular @entity1 .

title: XXXX enhances hippocampal Schaffer collateral- @entity2 synaptic transmission through modulating intracellular @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity4 ), a natural product from the Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia root, has been reported to improve cognitive function and exhibits neuroprotective effects in pharmacological studies of the central nervous system. Synaptic transmission is the essential process of brain physiological functions such as learning and memory formation, and @entity4 has been shown to facilitate the basic synaptic transmission. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: Although our previous work has demonstrated that @entity4 is able to potentiate the basic synaptic transmission, the potential mechanism remains unclear. Here we investigated the effect of @entity4 on the synaptic transmission and analysed the potential mechanism. We hope that these findings will contribute to explain the role of @entity4 as a nootropic product or neuroprotective drug in the future. METHODS: Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs), spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and miniature spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) were recorded, by using in vitro field potential electrophysiology and whole-cell patch clamp techniques in acute hippocampal slices from @entity0 . RESULTS: @entity4 perfusion significantly enhanced the slope of fEPSPs and reduced the ratio of paired-pulse facilitation. Moreover, @entity4 increased the frequency and amplitude of sEPSCs but only improved the frequency of mEPSCs rather than amplitude in hippocampal @entity2 pyramidal neurons. With removal of extracellular @entity1 , @entity4 treatment also enhanced the mEPSCs frequency without affecting amplitude. Interestingly, the increase of mEPSCs frequency caused by @entity4 was blocked by chelation of intracellular @entity1 with @entity5 . CONCLUSION: These results indicate that @entity4 enhances the basic synaptic transmission via stimulating presynaptic intracellular @entity1 .

title: @entity3 enhances hippocampal Schaffer collateral- XXXX synaptic transmission through modulating intracellular @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity4 ), a natural product from the Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia root, has been reported to improve cognitive function and exhibits neuroprotective effects in pharmacological studies of the central nervous system. Synaptic transmission is the essential process of brain physiological functions such as learning and memory formation, and @entity4 has been shown to facilitate the basic synaptic transmission. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: Although our previous work has demonstrated that @entity4 is able to potentiate the basic synaptic transmission, the potential mechanism remains unclear. Here we investigated the effect of @entity4 on the synaptic transmission and analysed the potential mechanism. We hope that these findings will contribute to explain the role of @entity4 as a nootropic product or neuroprotective drug in the future. METHODS: Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs), spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) and miniature spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) were recorded, by using in vitro field potential electrophysiology and whole-cell patch clamp techniques in acute hippocampal slices from @entity0 . RESULTS: @entity4 perfusion significantly enhanced the slope of fEPSPs and reduced the ratio of paired-pulse facilitation. Moreover, @entity4 increased the frequency and amplitude of sEPSCs but only improved the frequency of mEPSCs rather than amplitude in hippocampal @entity2 pyramidal neurons. With removal of extracellular @entity1 , @entity4 treatment also enhanced the mEPSCs frequency without affecting amplitude. Interestingly, the increase of mEPSCs frequency caused by @entity4 was blocked by chelation of intracellular @entity1 with @entity5 . CONCLUSION: These results indicate that @entity4 enhances the basic synaptic transmission via stimulating presynaptic intracellular @entity1 .

title: @entity3 enhances hippocampal Schaffer collateral- @entity2 synaptic transmission through modulating intracellular XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   Mediastinoscopy is considered to be the gold standard for mediastinal staging for @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The diagnostic value depends on how this procedure is performed, which has resulted in drafting a guideline by the European Society of Thoracic Surgery (ESTS). Biopsy of at least stations 4R, 4L, 7, and if present stations 2R and 2L, is recommended. The objective of this study is to assess the quality of the mediastinoscopies performed in our hospital for @entity1 . Methods   Medical records of 102 consecutive @entity0 with suspected or proven @entity1 and a performed cervical mediastinoscopy between January 2009 and November 2014 were analyzed in a retrospective cohort study. The number of biopsied stations and complications has been prospectively documented, together with their clinical data. Results   Cervical mediastinoscopy was performed in 102 @entity0 and in 51 (50%) @entity0 biopsy was taken of stations 4R, 4L, and 7. N2/N3 disease emerged more significantly (p   <   0.05) if biopsies were taken of at least the paratracheal stations 4R/4L and the subcarinal region. The incidence of major complications was 3.9%. Conclusion   In our clinic, 50% of the mediastinoscopies performed are executed following the ESTS guidelines. Our results subscribe the need to biopsy at least the paratracheal stations 4L/4R and the subcarinal region to obtain a reliable assessment of the mediastinum.

title: Quality Assessment of Video Mediastinoscopy Performed for Staging in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2 of the thyroid ( @entity3 ) is a rare @entity1 ( @entity1 ) that expresses somatostatin receptors on the cell membrane and secretes calcitonin. Surgery is the primary curative modality but is achieved only when the diagnosis is timely so there is a high rate of persistent and recurrent disease indicated by a rise in the serum calcitonin levels. Successful management of recurrent disease requires accurate localisation with cross sectional and functional imaging. The introduction of gallium-68-Dotatate ((68)Ga-Dotatate) peptides positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) has significantly improved the detection of @entity1 and has been reported as a valuable adjunct in @entity3 localisation. We retrospectively reviewed our cases of @entity3 to correlate the detectability of (68)Ga-Dotatate in relation to calcitonin levels and assess suitability of inoperable @entity0 for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Seven @entity0 (age range 31-66 years, M:F 3:4) with raised calcitonin (mean=7,143pg/mL) were referred for (68)Ga-Dotatate PET/CT scan for localisation of persisting recurrent @entity3 . Six @entity0 were known to have @entity3 treated with thyroidectomy and one @entity0 was presenting for the first time. All @entity0 had multiple imaging including ultrasound (US), CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) PET/CT and iodine-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine ((123)I-MIBG). Positive findings were defined as areas of increased uptake other than the organs of normal distribution and were correlated with results of biopsies, other imaging, long term monitoring of calcitonin and clinical follow up. RESULTS: In 6/7 @entity0 with very high serum calcitonin (range= 672-37,180, mean=8,320pg/mL) (68)Ga-Dotatate PET/CT confirmed the presence of active disease seen on other modalities or detected hitherto unsuspected lesions. In at least 3 cases, (68)Ga-Dotatate PET/CT showed many more lesions compared to other imaging combined. In 1/7 @entity0 (68)Ga-Dotatate PET/CT was negative in line with a relatively low calcitonin level (80pg/mL) and negative disease on fine needle aspiration. CONCLUSION: (68)Ga-Dotatate PET/CT is an effective tool for localising metastatic spread of @entity3 . It appears to be most effective in the presence of higher levels of serum calcitonin, probably in excess of 500pg/mL. The results of our small cohort had an impact on staging and management with the introduction of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for inoperable disease.

title: Gallium-68 dotatate PET/CT is superior to other imaging modalities in the detection of XXXX of the thyroid in the presence of high serum calcitonin.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: Psoriasis is one of the most common, immune-mediated, chronic @entity1 . Proinflammatory cytokines play an important pathogenetic role at a local level. Objective: To assess whether the proinflammatory cytokines @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity9 and @entity2 are released systemically during @entity5 . Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 30 @entity0 with @entity5 and 30 healthy volunteers. Cytokine production was assessed in supernatants using an enzyme immunoassay after stimulation of PBMCs with microbial stimuli. In addition, flow cytometry was used to determine the subsets of monocytes involved and the intracellular @entity2 production in monocytes. Results: @entity7 levels were significantly higher in the supernatants of PBMCs from psoriatic @entity0 after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. @entity2 production was also significantly higher in cells from psoriatic @entity0 after stimulation with all stimuli, as compared with health volunteers. Similar changes were not found for the other cytokines. A statistically significant difference was observed between @entity0 and controls for inflammatory @entity8 (+)/ @entity6 (+) monocytes (p<0.0001) and patrolling @entity8 -/ @entity6 (+) monocytes. Conclusion: Hyper-production of @entity2 is documented in @entity5 . These results support the concept that there is a systemic, proinflammatory component in @entity5 .

title: Proinflammatory cytokine responses in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: Psoriasis is one of the most common, immune-mediated, chronic @entity1 . Proinflammatory cytokines play an important pathogenetic role at a local level. Objective: To assess whether the proinflammatory cytokines @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity9 and @entity2 are released systemically during @entity5 . Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from 30 @entity0 with @entity5 and 30 healthy volunteers. Cytokine production was assessed in supernatants using an enzyme immunoassay after stimulation of PBMCs with microbial stimuli. In addition, flow cytometry was used to determine the subsets of monocytes involved and the intracellular @entity2 production in monocytes. Results: @entity7 levels were significantly higher in the supernatants of PBMCs from psoriatic @entity0 after stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. @entity2 production was also significantly higher in cells from psoriatic @entity0 after stimulation with all stimuli, as compared with health volunteers. Similar changes were not found for the other cytokines. A statistically significant difference was observed between @entity0 and controls for inflammatory @entity8 (+)/ @entity6 (+) monocytes (p<0.0001) and patrolling @entity8 -/ @entity6 (+) monocytes. Conclusion: Hyper-production of @entity2 is documented in @entity5 . These results support the concept that there is a systemic, proinflammatory component in @entity5 .

title: Proinflammatory cytokine responses in XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: Non-specific @entity5 (NSAP) is the most common diagnosis on discharge following admission for @entity5 in childhood. Our aim was to determine the risk of subsequent hospital diagnosis of @entity4 following a diagnosis of NSAP, and to assess the persistence of this risk. METHODS: An NSAP cohort of 268   623 @entity0 aged 0-16   years was constructed from linked English Hospital Episode Statistics from 1999 to 2011. The control cohort (1   684   923 @entity0 , 0-16   years old) comprised @entity0 hospitalised with unrelated conditions. Clinically relevant outcomes were selected and standardised rate ratios were calculated. RESULTS: From the NSAP cohort, 15   515 (5.8%) were later hospitalised with bowel pathology and 13   301 (5%) with a specific @entity8 . Notably, there was a 4.84 (95% CI 4.45 to 5.27) times greater risk of @entity2 following NSAP and a 4.23 (4.13 to 4.33) greater risk of @entity6 than in the control cohort. The risk of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) was 7.22 (6.65 to 7.85) times greater following NSAP. The risks of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity3 (unspecified) were significantly increased in all age groups except <2-year-olds. The risk of underlying bowel pathology remained raised up to 10   years after first diagnosis with NSAP. CONCLUSIONS: Only a small proportion of those with NSAP go on to be hospitalised with underlying bowel pathology. However, their risk is increased even at 10   years after the first hospital admission with NSAP. Diagnostic strategies need to be assessed and refined and active surveillance employed for @entity0 with NSAP.

title: Diagnostic outcomes following childhood non-specific XXXX : a record-linkage study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Traumatic bilateral basal ganglia bleed is extremely rare. It is defined as a @entity4 located in the basal ganglia or neighboring structures such as the internal capsule and the thalamus. This report describes a 37-year-old @entity0 who had large bilateral @entity7 ( @entity7 ) with subdural @entity6 and @entity2 . With regards to an etiology of bilateral @entity4 of the basal ganglia, we could not disclose any possible cause except @entity3 in spite of full diagnostic work-up. Our final diagnosis was bilateral traumatic @entity7 (TBGH). The pathomechanism of such injuries is still not clear and it is proposed to be due to shear @entity8 . Rather than any features of the TBGH itself, duration of @entity5 and/or associated temporal herniation predicted slower recovery and worse outcome. Bilateral TBGH is an extremely rare entity, compatible with a favorable recovery, if not associated with @entity1 and occurring in isolation. TBGH can be considered as a marker of poor outcome rather than its cause. The BGHs seem to be hemorrhagic contusions resulting from a shearing injury, due to high velocity impact.

title: Bilateral large traumatic XXXX of the basal ganglion.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the effectiveness of diaphragm biofeedback training (DBT) for @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). A total of 40 @entity0 with @entity2 treated at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between September 2004 and July 2006 were randomized to receive DBT and @entity4 proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or @entity4 alone. The DBT + @entity4 group received DBT during the 8-week initial treatment; the @entity4 group did not. During the 6-month follow up, all @entity0 took acid suppression according to their @entity1 , and the @entity0 in the DBT + @entity4 group were required to continue DBT. The primary outcome (used for power analysis) was the amount of acid suppression used at 6 months. Secondary outcomes were @entity1 , health-related quality of life (HRQL), and esophageal motility differences after the 8-week treatment compared with baseline. Acid suppression usage significantly decreased in the DBT + @entity4 group compared with the @entity4 group at 6 months (P < 0.05). At 8 weeks, @entity1 and @entity2 -HRQL were significantly improved in both groups (P < 0.05), without difference between them. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and gastroesophageal junction pressure (GEJP) significantly increased in the DBT + @entity4 group (P < 0.05), but without change in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure. There was no significant change in @entity3 , GEJP, and LES pressure compared with baseline in the @entity4 group. In conclusion, long-term DBT could reduce acid suppression usage by enhancing the anti-reflux barrier, providing a non-pharmacological maintenance therapy and reducing medical costs for @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Short-term and long-term effect of diaphragm biofeedback training in XXXX : an open-label, pilot, randomized trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The aim of this study was to develop a less invasive trans-septal approach for the endoscopic management of @entity1 . We performed a septal-assisted surgical procedure for endoscopic sphenoidectomy in 38 @entity0 with isolated or combined @entity1 , including fungal balls, mucoceles, @entity4 , etc. The posterior portion of the nasal septum became flexible after @entity4 . The superior portion of the common meatus was expanded to accommodate the endoscope after the septum was repositioned contra-laterally. The lesions were individually managed through the enlarged ostiums while damage to the mucosa of the front sphenoidal wall was avoided. All the procedures were completed successfully without intraoperative complications, and the bony ostiums were identified easily and enlarged accurately. During the follow-up period of 16 weeks to 2 years, no re- @entity3 or restenosis was observed. The recurrence rate was 0. No @entity2 were recorded. All the responses from the @entity0 were satisfactory. It was concluded that endoscopic sphenoidectomy assisted by trans-septal approach is a feasible, safe, effective and minimally invasive approach for selected cases with unilateral or bilateral lesions in the sphenoid sinuses.

title: Management of XXXX by septal-assisted approach: Surgical skills and advantages.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recognizing the diverse presentation of neurological conditions that emergency physicians encounter can be challenging, and management of these @entity0 often requires consultation with a neurologist. Accurate diagnosis is critical in @entity1 because @entity0 outcomes are often dependent on timely treatment. Our primary objective was to ascertain whether consultant neurologists understood the reason for consultation in the @entity2 . METHODS: The authors conducted a prospective study of a non-consecutive sample of 94 @entity0 seen in an academic tertiary care @entity2 ( @entity2 ) who underwent consultation by neurologist over 4 consecutive months. At the time a consult was requested, we independently surveyed the treating @entity2 physician for their differential diagnosis. Neurologists were also queried as to whether there was a clear indication for consultation. We then followed the @entity0 to determine their final diagnosis and outcome. RESULTS: The median age was 57 years (interquartile range 45-78). 45.7 % were male. The clinical reasons for all the consults were 61 % focal symptom, 12 % concern about a specific diagnosis, 9 % radiological finding, 9 % diagnostic ambiguity, and 11 % other. There was no significant difference in the rate of a final neurological diagnosis based on the clinical reason for consult (p = 0.13). In the 17 % of @entity0 for whom the treating neurologist reported a lack of a clear indication for the consultation, 25 % were later admitted to a neurological service, and 69 % ultimately had a neurological diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity0 with @entity1 can have diverse presentations, emergency physicians appear to utilize neurologic consultation appropriately. Additionally, nearly 70 % of @entity0 for whom the consultant did not precisely understand the need for the consultation had neurological diagnoses. Time and resource constraints in the @entity2 create challenges in making correct diagnosis.

title: A prospective evaluation of indications for neurological consultation in the XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Low-grade chronic @entity2 is a salient feature of @entity1 and many associated disorders. This condition frequently occurs in @entity4 and is connected to alterations of the visceral @entity5 ( @entity5 ) microenvironment. Understanding how @entity1 is related to @entity2 may allow the development of therapeutics aimed at improving metabolic parameters in @entity1 @entity0 . To achieve this aim, we compared the features of 2 subpopulations of adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) isolated from both @entity5 of @entity1 @entity0 with the features of 2 subpopulations of ASC from the same isolation sites of @entity1 individuals. In particular, the behavior of ASC of @entity1 subjects during @entity3 , which occurs in @entity1 and is an inducer of the inflammatory response, was evaluated. @entity1 deeply influenced ASC from visceral @entity5 (obV-ASC); these cells appeared to exhibit clearly distinguishable morphology and ultrastructure as well as reduced proliferation, clonogenicity and expression of stemness, differentiation and @entity2 -related genes. These cells also exhibited a deregulated response to @entity3 , which induced strong tissue-specific NF-kB activation and an NF-kB-mediated increase in inflammatory and fibrogenic responses. Moreover, obV-ASC, which showed a less stem-like phenotype, recovered stemness features after @entity3 . Our findings demonstrated the peculiar behavior of obV-ASC, their influence on the @entity4 microenvironment and the therapeutic potential of NF-kB inhibitors. These novel findings suggest that the deregulated hyper-responsiveness to @entity3 stimulus of ASC from visceral @entity5 of @entity1 subjects may contribute via paracrine mechanisms to low-grade chronic @entity2 , which has been implicated in @entity1 -related morbidity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX Promotes the Inflammatory Response and Stemness Features in Visceral Fat Stem Cells from Obese Subjects.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mechanisms involved in fertilization are the centre of attention in order to determine the conditions required to reproduce in  vitro the events that take place in  vivo, with special interest in endangered species. Previous data from @entity0 sperm, where @entity1 ( @entity1 ) occurs more often in the interstitium of the cumulus oophorus, contribute to strengthen the use of @entity4 as a physiological inducer of this process. We studied the participation of protein kinase A (PKA), phospholipases A2 and C ( @entity9 , @entity6 ) in the @entity1 induced by @entity4 from Chinchilla epididymal spermatozoa. The addition of db- @entity2 to the incubation medium caused an increase of 58% in the @entity1 , while the use of H89 (30   m), a PKA inhibitor, reflected a decrease of 40% in the percentage of reacted gametes. The assays conducted with @entity5 showed a maximum increase of 23% in the @entity1 . When gametes were pre-incubated with @entity9 inhibitors, a dose-dependent inhibitory effect was observed. The addition of @entity3 (10   m) revealed higher percentages of @entity1 induction (60%). When @entity6 was inhibited with @entity8 and @entity7 , a dose-dependent decrease in @entity1 percentages was observed. Combined inhibition of PKA, @entity9 and @entity6 , @entity1 values similar to control were obtained. This work shows evidence, for the first time in Chinchilla, that @entity4 activates the AC/ @entity2 /PKA system as well as sperm phospholipases and that these signalling pathways participate jointly and cooperatively in @entity1 . These results contribute to the understanding of the complex regulation that is triggered in sperm after the effect of @entity4 .

title: Involvement of Protein XXXX -dependent Kinase, Phospholipase A2 and Phospholipase C in Sperm Acrosome Reaction of Chinchilla lanigera.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Colon interposition is an alternative solution for esophageal reconstruction if the stomach cannot be used. The study reviews current indications and results of coloplasty for @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 who underwent colon interposition for gastro-esophageal malignancy were included. Primary coloplasty was defined as upfront colon interposition. Salvage coloplasty was defined as colon interposition after primary reconstruction failure. Mortality, morbidity, function, and survival were evaluated. RESULTS: We included 28 @entity0 (24 @entity0 , median age 61   years). Ten (36%) @entity0 underwent primary coloplasty due to previous gastrectomy (n   =   5), conduit @entity4 (n   =   2), extensive @entity3 (n   =   2), and @entity4 recurrence (n   =   1). Salvage coloplasty was performed in 18 (64%) @entity0 for postoperative graft @entity2 (n   =   5) and intractable strictures (n   =   3). Operative mortality, morbidity, and graft @entity2 rates were 14% (4/28), 86% (24/28), and 14% (4/28), respectively; there were no significant differences between primary and salvage coloplasty. Survival rates at 1-, 3-, and 5 years were 81%, 51%, and 38%, respectively. Survival was decreased after primary coloplasty when compared to salvage coloplasty (P   =   0.03). Nine @entity0 experienced @entity1 recurrence (primary: n   =   6, salvage: n   =   3) after coloplasty and eight of them died. CONCLUSION: Colon interposition after esophagectomy is a useful but morbid endeavor. Colon interposition as salvage therapy is associated with improved survival compared to its use as primary esophageal replacement, and colon interposition in the latter cohort should be used with caution due to poor @entity1 -specific survival in this @entity0 population. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:159-164.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Esophageal reconstruction by colon interposition after esophagectomy for XXXX analysis of current indications, operative outcomes, and long-term survival.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To present our initial experience with the use of EndoAnchors for @entity1 repair (EVAR) of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with little to no infrarenal landing zone. BACKGROUND: EndoAnchors have been reported to assist in the prevention and treatment of type 1a endoleaks in @entity0 with hostile aortic necks who undergo EVAR. METHODS: Between July 2013 and July 2014, nine @entity0 with @entity2 and short proximal aortic necks (i.e., 0-10 mm in length) underwent EVAR. In five @entity0 , utilization of the chimney graft technique was necessary. A mean of 2.5 (range 1-4) visceral vessels underwent chimney graft. The prophylactic use of EndoAnchors was utilized in all 9 @entity0 . The decision to use the EndoAnchors was made in the preoperative planning phase. RESULTS: Technical success was achieved in 100% of cases. In two cases, type 1a endoleaks were noted before the deployment of any EndoAnchors. In both cases, a final angiogram depicted resolution of the type 1a endoleak after insertion of the EndoAnchors. Mean follow-up time was 8 months. At 30 days, 3 months, and 6 months, 100% of the endografts remained patent and free from type 1a endoleaks. No adverse renal complications or mortality was reported. CONCLUSIONS: EndoAnchors are an applicable adjunct to EVAR as treatment for short infrarenal neck and pararenal @entity2 . Further investigations are needed to determine the durability of this novel application.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Preliminary results of adjunctive use of endoanchors in the treatment of short neck and pararenal XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many modifiable risk factors in early infancy have been shown to be associated with childhood overweight and @entity1 . These risk factors have not been studied within @entity0 of South Asian origin in the UK. The aims of this paper are to describe differences in the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for @entity1 between @entity0 of White British and Pakistani origin and investigate the association between these risk factors and childhood BMI measured at age 3  years. We used data from a sub-study of the Born in Bradford birth cohort with detailed follow-up visits throughout early childhood. 987 @entity0 with a BMI measurement at age 3 were included; 39% were White British, 48% were of Pakistani origin and 13% were of other ethnicities. Linear and Poisson regression models were used to assess the association between risk factors and two outcomes at age 3; BMI z-scores and @entity0 overweight. RESULTS: Compared to Pakistani mothers, White British mothers were more likely to smoke during pregnancy, have higher BMI, breastfeed for a shorter duration and wean earlier, while Pakistani mothers had higher rates of @entity2 and were less active. There was no strong evidence that the relationship between risk factors and BMI z-score differed by ethnicity. There were associations between BMI z-score and maternal smoking (mean difference in BMI z-score 0.33 (95% CI 0.13, 0.53)), maternal @entity1 (0.37 (0.19, 0.55)), indulgent feeding style (0.15 (-0.06, 0.36)), lower parental warmth scores (0.21 (0.05, 0.36)) and higher parental hostility scores (0.17 (0.01, 0.33)). Consistent associations between these risk factors and @entity0 overweight were found. Mean BMI and the relative risk of being overweight were lower in @entity0 of mothers with lower parental self-efficacy scores and who watched more hours of TV. Other risk factors ( @entity2 , @entity0 diet, @entity0 sleep, @entity0 TV viewing and maternal physical activity) were not associated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: Whilst the prevalence of risk factors that have been associated with childhood greater BMI differ between White British and Pakistani the magnitude of their associations with BMI are similar in the two groups.

title: The relationship between early life modifiable risk factors for XXXX , ethnicity and body mass index at age 3  years: findings from the Born in Bradford birth cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: SWITCH   is an evidence-based childhood @entity1 prevention program that works through schools to impact parenting practices. The present study was designed as a formative evaluation to test whether an online version of SWITCH   would work equivalently as the established print version. METHODS: Ten elementary schools were matched by socio-economic status and randomly assigned to receive either the print (n   =   5) or online (n   =   5) version. A total of 211 @entity0 from 22, 3(rd) grade classrooms were guided through the 4  month program by a team of program leaders working in cooperation with the classroom teachers. @entity0 were tasked with completing weekly SWITCH   Trackers with their parents to monitor goal setting efforts in showing positive Do (>= 60  minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), View ( <=2  hours of screen time), and Chew (>= 5 servings of fruits and vegetables) behaviors on each day. A total of 91 parents completed a brief survey to assess project-specific interactions with their @entity0 and the impact on their behaviors. RESULTS: The majority of parents (93.2%) reported satisfactory experiences with either the online or print SWITCH   program. The return rate for the SWITCH   Trackers was higher (42.5%        11%) from the print schools compared to the online schools (27.4%        10.9%). District program managers rated the level of teacher engagement in regards to program facilitation and the results showed a higher Trackers return rate in the highly engaged schools (38.5%        13.3%) than the lowly engaged schools (28.6        11.9%). No significant differences were observed in parent/ @entity0 interactions or reported behavior change (ps   >   .05) suggesting the equivalence in intervention effect for print and online versions of the SWITCH   program. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the utility of the online SWITCH   platform but school-based modules are needed to facilitate broader school engagement by classroom teachers and PE teachers.

title: A formative evaluation of the SWITCH   XXXX prevention program: print versus online programming.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a common life-threatening illness with significant morbidity and mortality rates. In recent years, the incidence of @entity3 has gradually increased in Korea. In this study, we evaluated the current trends in the management of acute @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 20-item questionnaire was prepared and sent to 48 members of the Korean Society for Vascular Surgery. Each member worked in a different hospital. Twenty-two members participated in this study. RESULTS: The vascular surgery departments were primarily responsible for managing @entity2 . Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) venography were chosen as the most common initial diagnostic tools. Eighty-two percent of @entity0 routinely used the coagulation factor assay. Thrombolysis and inferior vena cava (IVC) filter insertion were performed mainly in the radiology departments. Seventy-seven percent of @entity0 performed thrombolysis only if the @entity1 age was less than 21 days. During thrombolysis, IVC filter was routinely inserted by 50% of respondents and removed within 14 days by 64% of respondents. Nearly all @entity0 followed the 2012 American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for anticoagulation therapy. CONCLUSION: The majority of Korean vascular surgeons followed the guidelines. However, CT was frequently used. Thrombolysis and IVC filter insertion were more frequently performed than recommended by the guidelines.

title: Current Trends in the Management of Acute XXXX among Korean Vascular Surgeons.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study analyzed @entity4 @entity0 registered from 2008 to 2013 in Japan and evaluated the outcomes of @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 18,606 @entity0 were registered from 2008 to 2013. Cases were analyzed with regard to @entity0 survival according to contiguous extent of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ), node @entity1 , and @entity2 stage using the 3rd English edition of the Japanese General Rules for @entity4 . RESULTS: Five-year survival rates were 39.8% for @entity3 , 24.2% for perihilar @entity5 , 39.1% for @entity5 , and 61.3% for ampullary region @entity2 . Significant differences were observed between newly introduced subdivisions in the new Japanese classification for all tumoral sites except @entity3 . The survival rate in @entity0 with #13a @entity1 was significantly higher than in @entity0 with distant lymph node @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The new Japanese classification adopted the 7th edition of staging system developed by the Union for International @entity2 Control staging system. However, numerous aspects of these classification systems remain unvalidated. The present analysis demonstrated the significance of a proportion of @entity2 factor subdivisions and classifications of regional lymph nodes in cases of @entity3 in the new Japanese classification. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX registry in Japan from 2008 to 2013.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) are "hormone" therapies for @entity3 . There is limited data on the occurrence of decreased adrenal reserve or signs of clinical @entity5 after hormone therapy. This is a retrospective medical record review of @entity0 referred to our @entity3 Program. Our standardized @entity3 management guideline began in September 2012 and initially included a post-hormone laboratory assessment of adrenal function. Medical records were assessed for hormone treatments, adrenal function testing, and signs of @entity5 . Forty-two @entity0 who received one or both hormone therapies met inclusion criteria. A post-hormone laboratory assessment of adrenal function was done in 14 @entity0 . Of these 14 @entity0 , 2 had an abnormal laboratory assessment of adrenal function, both by adrenal stimulation testing   -   one after @entity6 and one after @entity1 . One @entity0 received @entity2 replacement and the other received stress dose @entity2 as needed; neither @entity0 developed signs of @entity5 . Another @entity0 treated with both types of hormone therapy in tandem, who did not have a post-hormone laboratory assessment, developed signs of mild @entity5 and required replacement @entity2 . Our study suggests that adrenal suppression can occur after modern hormone therapy regimens. We found two @entity0 with abnormal adrenal function testing after hormone therapy and another @entity0 with signs @entity5 . Given the seriousness of @entity4 , caregiver education on the signs of @entity5 is critical. Greater vigilance may be indicated in @entity0 receiving both types of hormone therapy in tandem. Although a routine post-hormone laboratory assessment of adrenal function may not be feasible in all @entity0 , replacement or stress dose @entity2 is necessary for all @entity0 with suspected @entity5 .

title: Adrenal Function Testing Following Hormone Therapy for XXXX : Case Series and Review of Literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Flagellate green algae possess a visual system, the eyespot. In @entity2 it is situated at the edge of the chloroplast and consists of two carotenoid rich lipid globule layers subtended by thylakoid membranes (TM) that are attached to both chloroplast envelope membranes and a specialized area of the plasma membrane (PM). A former analysis of an eyespot fraction identified 203 proteins. To increase the understanding of eyespot related processes, knowledge of the protein composition of the membranes in its close vicinity is desirable. Here, we present a purification procedure that allows isolation of intact eyespots. This gain in intactness goes, however, hand in hand with an increase of contaminants from other organelles. Proteomic analysis identified 742 proteins. Novel candidates include proteins for eyespot development, retina-related proteins, ion pumps, and membrane-associated proteins, @entity0 sensing proteins as well as kinases, phosphatases and 14-3-3 proteins. Methylation of proteins at Arg or Lys is known as an important posttranslational modification involved in, e.g., signal transduction. Here, we identify several proteins from eyespot fractions that are methylated at @entity1 and/or Lys. Among them is the eyespot specific @entity3 protein that influences the size and position of the eyespot and @entity4 , a protein important for its development.

title: Proteomic Analysis of a Fraction with Intact Eyespots of XXXX and Assignment of Protein Methylation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Postoperative @entity1 , including @entity3 , @entity2 , @entity5 , and @entity4 , are the important consequences of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Evidence has shown that postoperative @entity2 is partly due to disturbed @entity7 secretion in the perioperative period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of @entity7 on postoperative @entity2 in @entity0 undergoing CABG. METHOD: One hundred forty-five elective CABG @entity0 participated in a randomized double-blind study during the preoperative period. The @entity0 were randomized to receive either 3 mg of @entity7 or 10 mg of @entity8 one hour before sleep time. Each group received the medication from 3 days before surgery until the time of discharge. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Groningen Sleep Quality Score (GSQS), and the incidence of @entity5 was evaluated by nursing records. Sleep quality and @entity4 scores were compared before and after surgery through the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and independent t-test were used to compare the sleep and @entity4 scores between the groups. P values  <= 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Totally, 137 @entity0 at a mean age of 60 years completed the study (76% male). The analysis of the data showed that sleep was significantly disturbed after surgery in both groups. The @entity0 in the @entity8 group demonstrated significantly higher disturbance in their mean postoperative GSQS score than did their counterparts in the @entity7 group (p value < 0.001). A smaller proportion of the @entity0 experienced @entity5 in the @entity7 group (0.06%) than in the @entity8 group (0.12%); however, this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The result of the present study revealed that @entity7 improved sleep in post-cardiac surgery @entity0 more than what was observed with @entity8 . Therefore, @entity7 may be considered an effective alternative for @entity6 in the management of postoperative @entity2 .

title: Evaluating the Potential Effect of XXXX on the post-Cardiac Surgery Sleep Disorder.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic use of @entity11 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may lead to previously unrecognized adverse events. This study evaluated the incidence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in chronic-phase (CP) @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity0 treated with @entity10 , @entity12 , and @entity13 . METHODS: Four hundred sixty-eight newly diagnosed @entity9 @entity0 treated with TKIs were analyzed. The molecular and cytogenetic response data, @entity7 , and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were followed from the start of therapy to the last follow-up (median, 52 months). GFR was estimated with the Modification of Diet in @entity3 equation. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity0 (4%) had TKI-associated @entity6 . @entity10 was associated with a higher incidence of @entity6 in comparison with @entity12 and @entity13 (P   =   .014). Fifty-eight @entity0 (14%) developed @entity5 while they were receiving a TKI; 49 of these @entity0 (84%) did so while they were being treated with @entity10 (P   <   .001). Besides @entity10 , age, a history of @entity4 , and @entity2 were also associated with the development of @entity5 . In @entity0 with no @entity5 at the baseline, @entity10 was shown to reduce GFR over time. Interestingly, @entity10 did not cause a significant decline in the GFRs of @entity0 with a history of @entity5 . @entity10 , @entity12 , and @entity13 increased the mean GFR after 3 months of treatment, and @entity13 led with the most significant increase (P   <   .001). @entity6 or @entity5 had no significant impact on overall cytogenetic and molecular response rates or survival. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of TKIs may be safe in the setting of @entity5 in @entity9 @entity0 , but close monitoring is still warranted. @entity1 2015;121:3894-3904.    2015 American @entity1 Society.

title: Estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in @entity0 with @entity8 treated with XXXX kinase inhibitors.

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic use of @entity11 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may lead to previously unrecognized adverse events. This study evaluated the incidence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in chronic-phase (CP) @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity0 treated with @entity10 , @entity12 , and @entity13 . METHODS: Four hundred sixty-eight newly diagnosed @entity9 @entity0 treated with TKIs were analyzed. The molecular and cytogenetic response data, @entity7 , and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were followed from the start of therapy to the last follow-up (median, 52 months). GFR was estimated with the Modification of Diet in @entity3 equation. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity0 (4%) had TKI-associated @entity6 . @entity10 was associated with a higher incidence of @entity6 in comparison with @entity12 and @entity13 (P   =   .014). Fifty-eight @entity0 (14%) developed @entity5 while they were receiving a TKI; 49 of these @entity0 (84%) did so while they were being treated with @entity10 (P   <   .001). Besides @entity10 , age, a history of @entity4 , and @entity2 were also associated with the development of @entity5 . In @entity0 with no @entity5 at the baseline, @entity10 was shown to reduce GFR over time. Interestingly, @entity10 did not cause a significant decline in the GFRs of @entity0 with a history of @entity5 . @entity10 , @entity12 , and @entity13 increased the mean GFR after 3 months of treatment, and @entity13 led with the most significant increase (P   <   .001). @entity6 or @entity5 had no significant impact on overall cytogenetic and molecular response rates or survival. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of TKIs may be safe in the setting of @entity5 in @entity9 @entity0 , but close monitoring is still warranted. @entity1 2015;121:3894-3904.    2015 American @entity1 Society.

title: Estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in @entity0 with XXXX treated with @entity11 kinase inhibitors.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic use of @entity11 kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may lead to previously unrecognized adverse events. This study evaluated the incidence of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in chronic-phase (CP) @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity0 treated with @entity10 , @entity12 , and @entity13 . METHODS: Four hundred sixty-eight newly diagnosed @entity9 @entity0 treated with TKIs were analyzed. The molecular and cytogenetic response data, @entity7 , and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were followed from the start of therapy to the last follow-up (median, 52 months). GFR was estimated with the Modification of Diet in @entity3 equation. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity0 (4%) had TKI-associated @entity6 . @entity10 was associated with a higher incidence of @entity6 in comparison with @entity12 and @entity13 (P   =   .014). Fifty-eight @entity0 (14%) developed @entity5 while they were receiving a TKI; 49 of these @entity0 (84%) did so while they were being treated with @entity10 (P   <   .001). Besides @entity10 , age, a history of @entity4 , and @entity2 were also associated with the development of @entity5 . In @entity0 with no @entity5 at the baseline, @entity10 was shown to reduce GFR over time. Interestingly, @entity10 did not cause a significant decline in the GFRs of @entity0 with a history of @entity5 . @entity10 , @entity12 , and @entity13 increased the mean GFR after 3 months of treatment, and @entity13 led with the most significant increase (P   <   .001). @entity6 or @entity5 had no significant impact on overall cytogenetic and molecular response rates or survival. CONCLUSIONS: The administration of TKIs may be safe in the setting of @entity5 in @entity9 @entity0 , but close monitoring is still warranted. @entity1 2015;121:3894-3904.    2015 American @entity1 Society.

title: Estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in XXXX with @entity8 treated with @entity11 kinase inhibitors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Between 1972 and 1979, forty-six @entity0 underwent endocrine ablative surgery, having failed combinations of chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery (including oophorectomy). All had clinically measurable disease; nearly half were afflicted with @entity1 . Each was judged to be a candidate for the procedure by @entity2 receptor studies (52%), response to L-dopa (39%), or response to prior oophorectomy (8%). All were followed to their death or to the present, with a minimum of 12 months for those alive. Thirty-one (67%) were improved, and disease was arrested in five (11%) for a median time of 13.5 months. There was no difference in response rates or intervals between @entity2 receptor-positive and L-dopa-positive groups. Response was not correlated with disease-free interval or menopausal status. Best results were achieved in those with metastases confined to an organ system, particularly the skeletal complex. The procedure is withheld in those with brain metastases. Postablative chemotherapy appeared to prolong the control interval, though numbers are small. The low morbidity and mortality (one death) of midline adrenaloophorectomy combined with the high incidence of recapture of disease leads us to recommend this procedure in appropriately selected @entity0 who have previously failed other therapeutic modalities.

title: Endocrine ablation in breast cancer XXXX who have failed cytotoxic therapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity5 activation of @entity0 liver plasma membrane @entity2 cyclase has been examined and compared with the effect of glucagon, Gpp(NH)p and @entity1 . Glucagon does not stimulate the detergent solubilized enzyme though @entity5 , @entity1 , and @entity6 are effective in this regard. The stimulatory effects of either @entity1 or @entity5 are additive with those of @entity3 and do not require @entity4 to evoke their activation. Neither @entity1 nor @entity5 can substitute for @entity3 when glucagon is the activator of @entity0 liver adenyl cyclase. The stimulatory effects of either ion on @entity2 cyclase are additive with that produced by glucagon. Activation of @entity2 cyclase by either @entity5 or @entity1 occurs by a mechanism distinct from that of glucagon or @entity4 . The data presented her suggest that @entity1 and @entity5 may act via in a similar mechanism of action. Neither ion displays a lag in activation of @entity2 cyclase. The pH profiles of @entity1 and @entity5 -stimulated @entity2 cyclase activity are similar, and distinct from @entity4 -stimulated activity. Cholera toxin treatment of @entity2 cyclase blocks @entity1 and @entity5 stimulation of the enzyme to the same extent, while enhancing the activation obtained with @entity3 and hormones.

title: Mechanism of @entity5 activation of XXXX cyclase.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity5 activation of @entity0 liver plasma membrane @entity2 cyclase has been examined and compared with the effect of glucagon, Gpp(NH)p and @entity1 . Glucagon does not stimulate the detergent solubilized enzyme though @entity5 , @entity1 , and @entity6 are effective in this regard. The stimulatory effects of either @entity1 or @entity5 are additive with those of @entity3 and do not require @entity4 to evoke their activation. Neither @entity1 nor @entity5 can substitute for @entity3 when glucagon is the activator of @entity0 liver adenyl cyclase. The stimulatory effects of either ion on @entity2 cyclase are additive with that produced by glucagon. Activation of @entity2 cyclase by either @entity5 or @entity1 occurs by a mechanism distinct from that of glucagon or @entity4 . The data presented her suggest that @entity1 and @entity5 may act via in a similar mechanism of action. Neither ion displays a lag in activation of @entity2 cyclase. The pH profiles of @entity1 and @entity5 -stimulated @entity2 cyclase activity are similar, and distinct from @entity4 -stimulated activity. Cholera toxin treatment of @entity2 cyclase blocks @entity1 and @entity5 stimulation of the enzyme to the same extent, while enhancing the activation obtained with @entity3 and hormones.

title: Mechanism of XXXX activation of @entity2 cyclase.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated the association between the R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score (RNS) and the postoperative recurrence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed a database comprising 91 @entity0 with non-small localized @entity3 (pT1b-T2b) treated by radical nephrectomy at our hospital from January 2002 to March 2010. RNS was scored based on imaging findings at diagnosis. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to predict @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and to calculate hazard ratio (HR). RESULTS: The median age at operation was 63  years (range, 30-85 years). Postoperative recurrence occurred in 19 @entity0 (21  %). Median RNS sum was 9 (range, 5-11). High RNS sum (10-12) was significantly associated with @entity2 (P  =  0.0012). Multivariate analysis revealed that high RNS sum [HR, 9.05; 95  % confidence interval (CI), 2.11-63.9; P  =  0.0019] were significantly associated with @entity2 . Regarding each component of RNS, only the L component, which referred to @entity1 location relative to the polar line, was associated with @entity2 (HR, 15.0; 95  % CI, 2.68-396; P  =  0.0006). CONCLUSIONS: RNS was associated with @entity2 in cases of non-small localized @entity3 (pT1b-2b), thus supporting its utility as a prognostic factor.

title: R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score predicts postoperative recurrence of XXXX treated by radical nephrectomy.

answer: @entity3