abstract: AIM: To report photographically the evolution of an @entity4 of the left @entity2 head over a 2-year follow-up in a @entity0 with @entity6 . METHODS: A 14-year-old @entity0 was seen in the medical retina clinic with a 3-year history of @entity7 . Best corrected visual acuity was 6/18 in both eyes. Colour vision was normal in both eyes and confrontation fields showed peripheral constriction. Fundus examination revealed bone spicule pigmentary changes at the retinal mid periphery typical of @entity6 and superficial globules at the margins of both @entity2 heads. Electrodiagnostic tests confirmed moderately severe @entity6 with macular involvement bilaterally. RESULTS: Two years later, the ocular examination was unchanged except for the appearance of the @entity2 @entity1 in the left eye. There was an increase in the size of the lesion which was diagnosed as an @entity4 . Further investigations were recommended to exclude @entity5 and @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Astrocytic hamartomas of the @entity2 head and @entity2 head drusen have both been described in @entity0 with @entity6 . They can be a diagnostic dilemma although drusen are more common (10%). To differentiate these two entities it is very important to document any growth during the follow-up period which is suggestive of @entity4 rather than optic disc drusen.

title: Evolution of an Astrocytic Hamartoma of the Optic Nerve Head in a XXXX with @entity6 - Photographic Documentation over 2 Years of Follow-Up.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the long-term outcome hearing results following @entity4 surgery. To determine whether changes, if any, in the thresholds of the operated ear are mirrored in the contralateral unoperated side. In addition, to identify predictive factors, if any, that may predispose individuals to @entity2 in the operated ear in the late post-operative period. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective @entity0 chart review. SETTING: University Tertiary Referral Centre. @entity0 : From 1978 to 1997, one hundred and twenty six @entity0 with small @entity4 (less than 2 cm as measured within in the cerebellopontine angle) underwent excision via the suboccipital (retrosigmoid) approach with the @entity0 in the prone position. Hearing preservation was successful in 43 @entity0 (34.1%). The audiometric data of thirty @entity0 with a minimum follow-up interval of 36 months was analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 113.4 months (range 36-264, SD=57.8) and the mean age at surgery was 47.3 years (range 32 to 64, SD = 7.3). OUTCOME MEASURES: Speech Reception Thresholds (SRT), Speech Discrimination Scores (SDS) and Pure-tone Audiometry ( @entity3 , 0.5, 1 _ 2 kHz) were noted on the operated and unoperated ears. The AAO Classification according to the Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium guidelines for the evaluation of hearing preservation in @entity4 was used to assess hearing serviceability. RESULTS: Subsequent to including corresponding changes in the unoperated ear, the means of the SRT and @entity3 in the operated ear between the early and late post-operative periods were statistically significantly different (p=0.0012 _ 0.034 respectively). Twelve (40%) @entity0 demonstrated significant deterioration in hearing thresholds over time. Pre-operatively, 96.7% of @entity0 had serviceable hearing (Class A _ B). This falls to 76.6% in the early post-operative period and to 56.7% in the late post-operative period. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the finding that over time a significant number of individuals realize a greater ongoing @entity2 in the post @entity1 excision ear than the contralateral ear.

title: XXXX surgery: the results of long-term hearing preservation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aging produces body changes such as redistribution of fat and loss of muscle mass and strength, predisposing to @entity2 and disability. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between body profile and physical and cognitive function by age in in ambulatory elderly @entity0 from the city of C  rdoba. METHODS: 178 healthy older @entity0 (OW) >= 60 years free living were evaluated attending centers of retirees and day homes in the city of C  rdoba. We evaluated body profile from: skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI), relative body adiposity (RBA) -dual X-ray absorptiometry- and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) -dynamometry-. Categories: normal/(N) @entity4 /(SP), @entity1 /(OB), @entity1 /(SO); Physical function: with/without physical limitation (PL); cognitive function: with/without @entity2 ( @entity2 ). INSTRUMENTS: Lunar Prodigy Densitometer and Smedley dynamometer, Lawton and Brody and Minimental Examination of Folstein scales. RESULTS: SO prevailed and increased with age, contrary to OB. Most of the OW did not PL or @entity2 . Only 2.25% had low SMMI and 48.3% dynapenia. 76.97% had elevated RBA. The SP - obese or not - had greater PL and @entity2 . @entity2 frequency doubled to PL (15.17% versus 6.74%). We found negative correlations and significant associations between age and @entity3 (r= -0.279; p=0.0001), physical function (r=-0.164; p=0.0283) and cognitive function (r=-0.028; p=0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: In this group of healthy OW the dynapenia was responsible for the observed SP, not low SMMI. The OW with SP had more PL and @entity2 , and increased with age.

title: [Body profile and physical and cognitive function by age in ambulatory elderly XXXX from the city of C  rdoba].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Lipids are constantly shuttled through the body to redistribute energy and metabolites between sites of absorption, storage, and catabolism in a complex homeostatic equilibrium. In @entity1 , lipids are transported through the hemolymph in the form of lipoprotein particles, known as lipophorins. The mechanisms by which cells interact with circulating lipophorins and acquire their lipidic cargo are poorly understood. We have found that @entity3 ( @entity4 and @entity5 ), two partially redundant genes belonging to the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) family, are essential for the efficient uptake and accumulation of neutral lipids by oocytes and cells of the imaginal discs. Females lacking the @entity5 gene lay eggs with low lipid content and have reduced fertility, revealing a central role for @entity5 in mediating @entity1 vitellogenesis. @entity4 and @entity5 are transcribed into multiple isoforms. Interestingly, only a subset of these isoforms containing a particular @entity5 type A module mediate neutral lipid uptake. Expression of these isoforms induces the extracellular stabilization of lipophorins. Furthermore, our data indicate that endocytosis of the lipophorin receptors is not required to mediate the uptake of neutral lipids. These findings suggest a model where lipophorin receptors promote the extracellular lipolysis of lipophorins. This model is reminiscent of the lipolytic processing of @entity2 -rich lipoproteins that occurs at the @entity0 capillary endothelium, suggesting an ancient role for @entity5 -like proteins in this process.

title: XXXX lipophorin receptors mediate the uptake of neutral lipids in oocytes and imaginal disc cells by an endocytosis-independent mechanism.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 is a potentially fatal @entity5 in @entity0 and animals caused by pathogenic spirochetes, such as @entity6 . The mode of transmission is commonly limited to the exposure of mucous membrane or damaged skin to water contaminated by leptospires shed in the urine of carriers, such as @entity1 . Infection occurs during seasonal flooding of impoverished tropical urban habitats with large @entity1 populations, but also during recreational activity in open water, suggesting it is very efficient. LigA and LigB are surface localized proteins in pathogenic @entity6 strains with properties that could facilitate the @entity3 of damaged skin. Their expression is rapidly induced by the increase in osmolarity encountered by leptospires upon transition from water to host. In addition, the immunoglobulin-like repeats of the Lig proteins bind proteins that mediate attachment to host tissue, such as fibronectin, fibrinogen, collagens, laminin, and elastin, some of which are important in cutaneous wound healing and repair. Hemostasis is critical in a @entity2 , where fibrinogen from damaged vasculature mediates coagulation. We show that fibrinogen binding by recombinant LigB inhibits fibrin formation, which could aid leptospiral entry into the circulation, dissemination, and further @entity3 by impairing healing. LigB also binds fibroblast fibronectin and type III collagen, two proteins prevalent in wound repair, thus potentially enhancing leptospiral adhesion to skin openings. LigA or LigB expression by transformation of a nonpathogenic saprophyte, @entity7 , enhances bacterial adhesion to fibrinogen. Our results suggest that by binding homeostatic proteins found in cutaneous wounds, LigB could facilitate leptospirosis transmission. Both fibronectin and fibrinogen binding have been mapped to an overlapping domain in LigB comprising repeats 9-11, with repeat 11 possibly enhancing binding by a conformational effect. @entity4 patient antibodies react with the LigB domain, suggesting applications in diagnosis and vaccines that are currently limited by the strain-specific leptospiral lipopolysaccharide coats.

title: The multifunctional LigB adhesin binds homeostatic proteins with potential roles in cutaneous @entity3 by pathogenic XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity4 is a potentially fatal @entity5 in @entity0 and animals caused by pathogenic spirochetes, such as @entity6 . The mode of transmission is commonly limited to the exposure of mucous membrane or damaged skin to water contaminated by leptospires shed in the urine of carriers, such as @entity1 . Infection occurs during seasonal flooding of impoverished tropical urban habitats with large @entity1 populations, but also during recreational activity in open water, suggesting it is very efficient. LigA and LigB are surface localized proteins in pathogenic @entity6 strains with properties that could facilitate the @entity3 of damaged skin. Their expression is rapidly induced by the increase in osmolarity encountered by leptospires upon transition from water to host. In addition, the immunoglobulin-like repeats of the Lig proteins bind proteins that mediate attachment to host tissue, such as fibronectin, fibrinogen, collagens, laminin, and elastin, some of which are important in cutaneous wound healing and repair. Hemostasis is critical in a @entity2 , where fibrinogen from damaged vasculature mediates coagulation. We show that fibrinogen binding by recombinant LigB inhibits fibrin formation, which could aid leptospiral entry into the circulation, dissemination, and further @entity3 by impairing healing. LigB also binds fibroblast fibronectin and type III collagen, two proteins prevalent in wound repair, thus potentially enhancing leptospiral adhesion to skin openings. LigA or LigB expression by transformation of a nonpathogenic saprophyte, @entity7 , enhances bacterial adhesion to fibrinogen. Our results suggest that by binding homeostatic proteins found in cutaneous wounds, LigB could facilitate leptospirosis transmission. Both fibronectin and fibrinogen binding have been mapped to an overlapping domain in LigB comprising repeats 9-11, with repeat 11 possibly enhancing binding by a conformational effect. @entity4 patient antibodies react with the LigB domain, suggesting applications in diagnosis and vaccines that are currently limited by the strain-specific leptospiral lipopolysaccharide coats.

title: The multifunctional LigB adhesin binds homeostatic proteins with potential roles in cutaneous XXXX by pathogenic @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy has been reported to be an independent risk factor for 50% of @entity1 recorded in @entity0 younger than 45 years of age. The present epidemiologic study aimed to identify whether this putative association of pregnancy and acute type A dissection could be an artifact of selective reporting. METHODS: This population-based study was conducted in the City of Vienna, Austria, Europe, in an average female population of 34,1381 @entity0 in the age range of 15-45 years who were followed up between 1994 and 2004 (total of 3755.195 @entity0 -years of observation). During this study, the incidence, management, and outcome of acute type A dissection were determined. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 (mean age: 38.8 years, SD: 4.8) with @entity1 were identified, and an overall incidence of 0.4 case per 100000 @entity0 -years was estimated. The prehospital mortality rate was recorded to be 53%. Six @entity0 , including two @entity0 in late pregnancy (incidence: 0.05 cases per 100000 @entity0 -years), were treated successfully by surgical repair during deep hypothermic @entity3 (in-hospital mortality rate: 6.6%). Pregnancy and @entity4 were identified as events that were not related (RR: 3.27; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82-12.95; P=0.14). Observation during long-term follow-up was uneventful. CONCLUSIONS: Acute @entity4 represents a rare pathology in @entity0 younger than 45 years of age; however, it is associated with a high rate of @entity2 . Pregnancy may not be a risk factor for this life-threatening vascular emergency. Immediate referral to surgery, even during pregnancy, will result in a prognosis of favorable outcome.

title: Acute XXXX and pregnancy: a population-based study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is frequently a lethal disease and one of the few @entity0 that is still increasing in incidence around the world. Better animal models are highly desired to investigate the molecular basis of @entity4 and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene is expressed in fetal liver, silenced soon after birth, and highly re-expressed in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We aimed to take advantage of the dramatic re-expression of the @entity7 gene in @entity4 to develop a hepatocarcinogenesis reporter (HCR) @entity1 model for @entity6 , longitudinal in vivo imaging of @entity2 development, and progression. METHODS: Knock in @entity1 were established by placing a thymidinekinase (tk)-luciferase (luc) reporter gene cassette under the transcriptional control of the endogenous @entity7 promoter. @entity3 , a liver carcinogen, was used to induce @entity2 , which was monitored by both luc-based bioluminescent (BL) and tk-based positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. RESULTS: The expression profile of luc was identical to that of the endogenous @entity7 gene during development. As early as 2 months after the exposure to @entity3 , BLI revealed multifocal signals in the liver, long before the appearance of histologically apparent @entity5 . By 6 months, BL and PET dual imaging showed strong signals in malignant @entity4 . By serendipity, a strong BL signal was also detected in adult testes, a previously unknown site of @entity7 expression. CONCLUSIONS: The HCR model enables longitudinal monitoring of @entity2 development and progression, providing a powerful tool in developing chemoprevention and therapeutic strategies for @entity4 .

title: XXXX -thymidine kinase-luciferase knockin @entity1 : a novel model for dual modality longitudinal imaging of tumorigenesis in liver.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is frequently a lethal disease and one of the few @entity0 that is still increasing in incidence around the world. Better animal models are highly desired to investigate the molecular basis of @entity4 and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene is expressed in fetal liver, silenced soon after birth, and highly re-expressed in @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We aimed to take advantage of the dramatic re-expression of the @entity7 gene in @entity4 to develop a hepatocarcinogenesis reporter (HCR) @entity1 model for @entity6 , longitudinal in vivo imaging of @entity2 development, and progression. METHODS: Knock in @entity1 were established by placing a thymidinekinase (tk)-luciferase (luc) reporter gene cassette under the transcriptional control of the endogenous @entity7 promoter. @entity3 , a liver carcinogen, was used to induce @entity2 , which was monitored by both luc-based bioluminescent (BL) and tk-based positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. RESULTS: The expression profile of luc was identical to that of the endogenous @entity7 gene during development. As early as 2 months after the exposure to @entity3 , BLI revealed multifocal signals in the liver, long before the appearance of histologically apparent @entity5 . By 6 months, BL and PET dual imaging showed strong signals in malignant @entity4 . By serendipity, a strong BL signal was also detected in adult testes, a previously unknown site of @entity7 expression. CONCLUSIONS: The HCR model enables longitudinal monitoring of @entity2 development and progression, providing a powerful tool in developing chemoprevention and therapeutic strategies for @entity4 .

title: @entity7 -thymidine kinase-luciferase knockin XXXX : a novel model for dual modality longitudinal imaging of tumorigenesis in liver.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: In this study, the individuals with @entity1 ' daily life function was investigated on six dimensions considering their relations to family burden. Functional ratings carried out by relatives and staff were also compared. METHODS: Totally 88 relatives, to as many individuals diagnosed with a @entity1 , participated in this study. Relatives were to rate their own perceived burden and their ill relatives' physical functioning, personal care skills, interpersonal relationships, social acceptability, activities, and work skills. The outpatient staff, in all 24 case managers also rated the @entity0 ' functional level on the same assessment tool as did the relatives. RESULTS: Most dimensions of @entity0 ' everyday functioning were highly correlated to relatives' burden. The two functional dimensions "interpersonal relationships" and "activities" were best at classifying burden when rated by relatives. Also, comparing independent functional ratings by relatives and staff showed that despite great agreements on most dimensions, they differed significantly on "social acceptability" where relatives rated the function to be poorer and "activities" where relatives rated the function to be better. CONCLUSIONS: Relatives, who perceive individuals with a @entity1 to be limited in their ability to interpersonal relationships and limited in their ability to activate in everyday life, are more likely to perceive a higher burden. Even though staff and relatives mainly agree on the @entity0 ' functional ability, they often differ in ratings regarding @entity0 ' social acceptability and ability to activate in everyday life. This should be worth considering in clinical practice as well as in future research.

title: Family burden and functional assessment in the Swedish CLIPS-study: do staff and relatives agree on individuals with XXXX ' functional status?

answer: @entity1


abstract: During @entity2 cells become activated, transforming into proliferative myofibroblastic cells expressing type I collagen and @entity3 . They become the major producers of the fibrotic neomatrix in injured liver. This study examines if activated stellate cells are a committed phenotype, or whether they can become deactivated by extracellular matrix. Stellate cells isolated from normal @entity0 liver proliferated and expressed mRNA for activation markers, @entity3 , type I procollagen and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 following 5-7 day culture on plastic, but culture on Matrigel suppressed proliferation and mRNA expression. Activated stellate cells were recovered from plastic by trypsinisation and replated onto plastic, type I collagen films or Matrigel. Cells replated on plastic and type I collagen films proliferated and remained morphologically myofibroblastic, expressing @entity3 and type I procollagen. However, activated cells replated on Matrigel showed <30% of the proliferative rate of these cells, and this was associated with reduced cellular expression of @entity4 and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in response to serum. Activated HSC replated on Matrigel for 3-7 days progressively reduced their expression of mRNA for type I procollagen and @entity3 and both became undetectable after 7 days. We conclude that basement membrane-like matrix induces deactivation of stellate cells. Deactivation represents an important potential mechanism mediating recovery from liver @entity1 in vivo where type I collagen is removed from the liver and stellate cells might re-acquire contact with their normal basement membrane-like pericellular matrix.

title: Basement membrane-like matrix inhibits proliferation and collagen synthesis by activated XXXX hepatic stellate cells: evidence for matrix-dependent deactivation of stellate cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recalcitrant @entity6 may indicate contact @entity2 . OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 with @entity6 and to identify the most relevant allergens. METHODS: We used an institutional database to identify @entity0 with @entity6 who underwent patch testing between January 1, 2001, and August 31, 2011, and conducted a retrospective review of patch test results in these @entity0 . Additional data were obtained from institutional electronic medical records. RESULTS: Ninety-one @entity0 (70 [77%] female; mean age: 51 years) were included in the study. Almost half (41 [45%]) had a final diagnosis of @entity1 . Patch testing was performed in line with universally accepted methods, with application on day 1, allergen removal and an initial reading on day 3, and the final reading on day 5. The allergens of most significance were fragrance mix, Myroxylon pereirae resin, @entity8 , @entity7 , and @entity5 . @entity3 was the most relevant metal allergen. CONCLUSIONS: Contact @entity2 is an important consideration in recalcitrant @entity4 . Fragrances, antioxidants, and preservatives dominated the list of relevant allergens in our @entity0 . @entity3 and gold were among the top 10 allergens. Almost half (45%) of these @entity0 had a final diagnosis of @entity1 . Patch testing beyond the oral complete series should be undertaken in any investigation of @entity6 .

title: Contact @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recalcitrant @entity6 may indicate contact @entity2 . OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 with @entity6 and to identify the most relevant allergens. METHODS: We used an institutional database to identify @entity0 with @entity6 who underwent patch testing between January 1, 2001, and August 31, 2011, and conducted a retrospective review of patch test results in these @entity0 . Additional data were obtained from institutional electronic medical records. RESULTS: Ninety-one @entity0 (70 [77%] female; mean age: 51 years) were included in the study. Almost half (41 [45%]) had a final diagnosis of @entity1 . Patch testing was performed in line with universally accepted methods, with application on day 1, allergen removal and an initial reading on day 3, and the final reading on day 5. The allergens of most significance were fragrance mix, Myroxylon pereirae resin, @entity8 , @entity7 , and @entity5 . @entity3 was the most relevant metal allergen. CONCLUSIONS: Contact @entity2 is an important consideration in recalcitrant @entity4 . Fragrances, antioxidants, and preservatives dominated the list of relevant allergens in our @entity0 . @entity3 and gold were among the top 10 allergens. Almost half (45%) of these @entity0 had a final diagnosis of @entity1 . Patch testing beyond the oral complete series should be undertaken in any investigation of @entity6 .

title: Contact XXXX in @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We examined the prognostic effect of the grading system based on the new IASLC/ATS/ERS classification in an Asian cohort of @entity0 with early-stage @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity0 with a @entity5 less than 3cm in diameter that had undergone complete anatomic resection, diagnosed with pT1a-2aN0M0 consecutively from 2004 to 2013, were enrolled. All specimens were reviewed according to the new IASLC/ATS/ERS classification. The growth patterns were divided into three major categories: grade 1 for lepidic growth, grade 2 for acinar and papillary patterns, and grade 3 for solid and micropapillary patterns. Each @entity2 was then graded according to the modified grading system, the final score being the sum of the two most predominant grades. The correlations of clinical and pathological factors with disease-free survival (DFS) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were evaluated. RESULTS: In total, 201 @entity3 were eligible for score grading. Only 37 (18.4%) @entity0 had a pure pathological growth pattern. Higher stage, greater @entity2 diameter, positive @entity1 , and a higher score were associated with shorter DFS. In contrast, stage no longer had a significant impact on @entity4 in a multivariable analysis. @entity2 with a score of 3 or 4 were associated with better survival than those with a score of 5 (5-year DFS rate: 64.68 vs. 44.18%, HR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.24-3.87; 5-year @entity4 rate: 85.61 vs. 68.59%, HR=3.03, 95% CI: 1.25-7.32). CONCLUSION: The architectural scores may help to stratify survival differences among certain predominant growth subtypes of @entity3 .

title: Prognostic impact of pattern-based grading system by the new IASLC/ATS/ERS classification in Asian XXXX with stage I lung adenocarcinoma.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is caused by @entity7 of the root exit zone (REZ) of the facial nerve. However, the mechanism that causes the offending vessels to compress the REZ has not been clarified. Elongation of intracranial arteries due to @entity8 is one possibility, but such arteriosclerotic changes are not observed very frequently among @entity0 with @entity6 . The aim of the present study was to investigate whether arteriosclerotic changes would contribute to the pathogenesis of @entity6 . METHODS: This study included 111 @entity6 @entity0 , all of whom were Japanese. The prevalence rates of @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity1 were examined as risk factors of @entity5 , and the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) was measured as an indicator of arteriosclerotic change. The severity of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity6 @entity0 was measured by magnetic resonance imaging. These data were compared with data from healthy Japanese controls. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of the risk factors for @entity5 in the @entity6 @entity0 were not higher than those in the general Japanese population. The CAVI scores for the @entity6 @entity0 were similar to, or lower than those in the healthy controls for all age groups except 60 to 69-year-old @entity0 . The severity of @entity2 in the @entity6 @entity0 was not significantly worse than that in the controls. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that arteriosclerotic changes are not involved in the pathogenesis of @entity6 , and that @entity7 are attributable to anatomical features of the intracranial arteries and facial nerves formed during the prenatal stage.

title: Does XXXX contribute to hemifacial spasm?

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prognostic scores predicting long-term survival of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) have been created. The purpose of this study was to validate a prognostic scoring scheme at a single institution. METHODS: We reviewed all resections for @entity3 from 1996 to 2004. Prognostic scores based on @entity0 age, @entity2 grade, and distant @entity1 were calculated. Survival was compared with an established postresection prognostic score for @entity3 . RESULTS: A total of 34 @entity3 were identified. Predicted 5-year survival for prognostic scores of 1, 2, and 3 were 76.7%, 50.9%, and 35.7%, respectively. Final prognostic scores of 1, 2, and 3 were observed in 13 (38%), 18 (53%), and 3 (9%) @entity0 , with observed actual 5-year survivals of 92.3%, 72.2%, and 66.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PNET prognostic scores were found to be inversely related to survival. PNET postresection prognostic score categories may be useful tools in predicting long-term survival.

title: Support for a postresection prognostic score for pancreatic endocrine XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Studies link area features such as neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation to poor health outcomes. However, there is a paucity of research based on representative data investigating the effects of area-level health services on mortality. This study examines the extent to which municipal health services account for municipal variation in all-cause and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) mortality. We hypothesise that unfavourable municipal features (eg, fewer available places for rehabilitation) are associated with higher risk of mortality after accounting for @entity0 ' characteristics. DESIGN: Population data from Norwegian national/municipal registrars are analysed using multilevel logistic regression in this prospective cohort study. SETTING AND @entity0 : The analytic sample (9412 @entity0 aged 18+ from 336 municipalities) constitutes 87.7% of the nationwide population of Norwegian adults who were hospitalised for @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in 2009 and discharged alive. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: All-cause and @entity1 mortality occurring within 365   days after the first day of hospitalisation for @entity4 . RESULTS: There was a small but significant variation at the municipal level in all-cause mortality (0.5%; intraclass correlation coefficient=0.005) but not @entity1 mortality. There were no significant fixed effects of municipal health services on mortality in bivariate models. @entity0 ' characteristics (eg, gender, comorbidities) fully accounted for the observed municipal variation in mortality. Being male versus female (OR=1.21, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.43), or having been previously diagnosed with @entity3 versus not (OR=2.06, 95% CI 1.53 to 2.77) were also linked to higher odds of @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Municipal variation in all-cause mortality for Norwegian @entity0 with @entity4 appears to be driven not by differences across municipalities in health service levels, but by differences across municipalities in the composition of @entity0 . Focusing on chronic disease prevention and treatment, and tackling personal and structural risk factors embedded within @entity0 ' sociodemographic characteristics, may be especially beneficial for longevity.

title: A multilevel analysis of mortality following XXXX in Norway: do municipal health services make a difference?

answer: @entity4


abstract: LH increases the intracellular @entity1 concentration ([ @entity1 ](i)) in @entity0 Leydig cells, in a process triggered by @entity3 influx through T-type @entity1 channels. Here we show that LH modulates both T-type @entity1 currents and [ @entity1 ](i) transients through the effects of PKA and @entity7 . LH increases the peak @entity3 current (at -20mV) by 40%. A similar effect is seen with @entity6 . The effect of LH is completely blocked by the PKA inhibitors @entity8 and a synthetic inhibitory peptide ( @entity9 ), but only partially by @entity4 ( @entity7 inhibitor). LH and the blockers induced only minor changes in the voltage dependence of activation, inactivation or deactivation of the currents. @entity5 (blocker of PKA and @entity7 ) impaired the [ @entity1 ](i) changes induced by LH. A similar effect was seen with @entity8 . Although @entity6 slowly increased the [ @entity1 ](i) the subsequent addition of LH still triggered the typical transients in [ @entity1 ](i). @entity4 also does not avoid the @entity1 transients, showing that blockage of @entity7 is not sufficient to inhibit the LH induced [ @entity1 ](i) rise. In summary, these two kinases are not only directly involved in promoting @entity2 synthesis but also act on the overall @entity3 dynamics in Leydig cells, mostly through the activation of PKA by LH.

title: Luteinizing hormone (LH) acts through PKA and XXXX to modulate T-type @entity3 currents and intracellular @entity3 transients in @entity0 Leydig cells.

answer: @entity7


abstract: LH increases the intracellular @entity1 concentration ([ @entity1 ](i)) in @entity0 Leydig cells, in a process triggered by @entity3 influx through T-type @entity1 channels. Here we show that LH modulates both T-type @entity1 currents and [ @entity1 ](i) transients through the effects of PKA and @entity7 . LH increases the peak @entity3 current (at -20mV) by 40%. A similar effect is seen with @entity6 . The effect of LH is completely blocked by the PKA inhibitors @entity8 and a synthetic inhibitory peptide ( @entity9 ), but only partially by @entity4 ( @entity7 inhibitor). LH and the blockers induced only minor changes in the voltage dependence of activation, inactivation or deactivation of the currents. @entity5 (blocker of PKA and @entity7 ) impaired the [ @entity1 ](i) changes induced by LH. A similar effect was seen with @entity8 . Although @entity6 slowly increased the [ @entity1 ](i) the subsequent addition of LH still triggered the typical transients in [ @entity1 ](i). @entity4 also does not avoid the @entity1 transients, showing that blockage of @entity7 is not sufficient to inhibit the LH induced [ @entity1 ](i) rise. In summary, these two kinases are not only directly involved in promoting @entity2 synthesis but also act on the overall @entity3 dynamics in Leydig cells, mostly through the activation of PKA by LH.

title: Luteinizing hormone (LH) acts through PKA and @entity7 to modulate T-type XXXX currents and intracellular @entity3 transients in @entity0 Leydig cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: LH increases the intracellular @entity1 concentration ([ @entity1 ](i)) in @entity0 Leydig cells, in a process triggered by @entity3 influx through T-type @entity1 channels. Here we show that LH modulates both T-type @entity1 currents and [ @entity1 ](i) transients through the effects of PKA and @entity7 . LH increases the peak @entity3 current (at -20mV) by 40%. A similar effect is seen with @entity6 . The effect of LH is completely blocked by the PKA inhibitors @entity8 and a synthetic inhibitory peptide ( @entity9 ), but only partially by @entity4 ( @entity7 inhibitor). LH and the blockers induced only minor changes in the voltage dependence of activation, inactivation or deactivation of the currents. @entity5 (blocker of PKA and @entity7 ) impaired the [ @entity1 ](i) changes induced by LH. A similar effect was seen with @entity8 . Although @entity6 slowly increased the [ @entity1 ](i) the subsequent addition of LH still triggered the typical transients in [ @entity1 ](i). @entity4 also does not avoid the @entity1 transients, showing that blockage of @entity7 is not sufficient to inhibit the LH induced [ @entity1 ](i) rise. In summary, these two kinases are not only directly involved in promoting @entity2 synthesis but also act on the overall @entity3 dynamics in Leydig cells, mostly through the activation of PKA by LH.

title: Luteinizing hormone (LH) acts through PKA and @entity7 to modulate T-type @entity3 currents and intracellular XXXX transients in @entity0 Leydig cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: LH increases the intracellular @entity1 concentration ([ @entity1 ](i)) in @entity0 Leydig cells, in a process triggered by @entity3 influx through T-type @entity1 channels. Here we show that LH modulates both T-type @entity1 currents and [ @entity1 ](i) transients through the effects of PKA and @entity7 . LH increases the peak @entity3 current (at -20mV) by 40%. A similar effect is seen with @entity6 . The effect of LH is completely blocked by the PKA inhibitors @entity8 and a synthetic inhibitory peptide ( @entity9 ), but only partially by @entity4 ( @entity7 inhibitor). LH and the blockers induced only minor changes in the voltage dependence of activation, inactivation or deactivation of the currents. @entity5 (blocker of PKA and @entity7 ) impaired the [ @entity1 ](i) changes induced by LH. A similar effect was seen with @entity8 . Although @entity6 slowly increased the [ @entity1 ](i) the subsequent addition of LH still triggered the typical transients in [ @entity1 ](i). @entity4 also does not avoid the @entity1 transients, showing that blockage of @entity7 is not sufficient to inhibit the LH induced [ @entity1 ](i) rise. In summary, these two kinases are not only directly involved in promoting @entity2 synthesis but also act on the overall @entity3 dynamics in Leydig cells, mostly through the activation of PKA by LH.

title: Luteinizing hormone (LH) acts through PKA and @entity7 to modulate T-type @entity3 currents and intracellular @entity3 transients in XXXX Leydig cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The transcription of neurotrophic factors, i.e., @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is regulated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation despite the lack of a classical glucocorticoid response element in their promoter region. A time course for @entity4 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) in adrenalectomized @entity0 revealed a peak hormone effect at the 4 hr time interval for @entity1 (110-204% increase), @entity3 (53-67% decrease), GR (53-64% decrease), and MR (34-56% decrease) mRNA levels in all hippocampal subregions using in situ hybridization. @entity5 mRNA levels were affected exclusively in the dentate gyrus after 50 min to 2 hr (38-46% decrease). Furthermore, it was evaluated whether @entity4 regulation of these genes depends on interactions with the transcription factor complex @entity6 . @entity5 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were injected into the dorsal hippocampus of adrenalectomized @entity0 . @entity4 was given 2 hr later, and the effects on gene expression were measured 4 hr later. In @entity2 , antisense treatment significantly and selectively enhanced the hormone action on the expression of @entity1 (44% enhanced increase) and @entity3 (38% enhanced decrease) versus control oligodeoxynucleotide treatment. In addition, an upregulation of @entity5 expression (89% increase) was found. There were no effects of @entity5 antisense on hippocampal GR and MR expression. Thus it seems that a tonic @entity5 mechanism exists within @entity2 , which reduces GR- and MR-mediated effects on expression of @entity1 and @entity3 .

title: XXXX reduces @entity4 -mediated effects on neurotrophic factor expression in the @entity0 hippocampal @entity2 region.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The transcription of neurotrophic factors, i.e., @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is regulated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation despite the lack of a classical glucocorticoid response element in their promoter region. A time course for @entity4 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) in adrenalectomized @entity0 revealed a peak hormone effect at the 4 hr time interval for @entity1 (110-204% increase), @entity3 (53-67% decrease), GR (53-64% decrease), and MR (34-56% decrease) mRNA levels in all hippocampal subregions using in situ hybridization. @entity5 mRNA levels were affected exclusively in the dentate gyrus after 50 min to 2 hr (38-46% decrease). Furthermore, it was evaluated whether @entity4 regulation of these genes depends on interactions with the transcription factor complex @entity6 . @entity5 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were injected into the dorsal hippocampus of adrenalectomized @entity0 . @entity4 was given 2 hr later, and the effects on gene expression were measured 4 hr later. In @entity2 , antisense treatment significantly and selectively enhanced the hormone action on the expression of @entity1 (44% enhanced increase) and @entity3 (38% enhanced decrease) versus control oligodeoxynucleotide treatment. In addition, an upregulation of @entity5 expression (89% increase) was found. There were no effects of @entity5 antisense on hippocampal GR and MR expression. Thus it seems that a tonic @entity5 mechanism exists within @entity2 , which reduces GR- and MR-mediated effects on expression of @entity1 and @entity3 .

title: @entity5 reduces @entity4 -mediated effects on neurotrophic factor expression in the @entity0 hippocampal XXXX region.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The transcription of neurotrophic factors, i.e., @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is regulated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation despite the lack of a classical glucocorticoid response element in their promoter region. A time course for @entity4 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) in adrenalectomized @entity0 revealed a peak hormone effect at the 4 hr time interval for @entity1 (110-204% increase), @entity3 (53-67% decrease), GR (53-64% decrease), and MR (34-56% decrease) mRNA levels in all hippocampal subregions using in situ hybridization. @entity5 mRNA levels were affected exclusively in the dentate gyrus after 50 min to 2 hr (38-46% decrease). Furthermore, it was evaluated whether @entity4 regulation of these genes depends on interactions with the transcription factor complex @entity6 . @entity5 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were injected into the dorsal hippocampus of adrenalectomized @entity0 . @entity4 was given 2 hr later, and the effects on gene expression were measured 4 hr later. In @entity2 , antisense treatment significantly and selectively enhanced the hormone action on the expression of @entity1 (44% enhanced increase) and @entity3 (38% enhanced decrease) versus control oligodeoxynucleotide treatment. In addition, an upregulation of @entity5 expression (89% increase) was found. There were no effects of @entity5 antisense on hippocampal GR and MR expression. Thus it seems that a tonic @entity5 mechanism exists within @entity2 , which reduces GR- and MR-mediated effects on expression of @entity1 and @entity3 .

title: @entity5 reduces XXXX -mediated effects on neurotrophic factor expression in the @entity0 hippocampal @entity2 region.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The transcription of neurotrophic factors, i.e., @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is regulated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation despite the lack of a classical glucocorticoid response element in their promoter region. A time course for @entity4 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) in adrenalectomized @entity0 revealed a peak hormone effect at the 4 hr time interval for @entity1 (110-204% increase), @entity3 (53-67% decrease), GR (53-64% decrease), and MR (34-56% decrease) mRNA levels in all hippocampal subregions using in situ hybridization. @entity5 mRNA levels were affected exclusively in the dentate gyrus after 50 min to 2 hr (38-46% decrease). Furthermore, it was evaluated whether @entity4 regulation of these genes depends on interactions with the transcription factor complex @entity6 . @entity5 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were injected into the dorsal hippocampus of adrenalectomized @entity0 . @entity4 was given 2 hr later, and the effects on gene expression were measured 4 hr later. In @entity2 , antisense treatment significantly and selectively enhanced the hormone action on the expression of @entity1 (44% enhanced increase) and @entity3 (38% enhanced decrease) versus control oligodeoxynucleotide treatment. In addition, an upregulation of @entity5 expression (89% increase) was found. There were no effects of @entity5 antisense on hippocampal GR and MR expression. Thus it seems that a tonic @entity5 mechanism exists within @entity2 , which reduces GR- and MR-mediated effects on expression of @entity1 and @entity3 .

title: @entity5 reduces @entity4 -mediated effects on neurotrophic factor expression in the XXXX hippocampal @entity2 region.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4 are rarely encountered and their management is not well standardised. We reviewed our experience with the management of this condition in order to evaluate the role of surgery in the management of the @entity4 and to provide an algorithm for its treatment. METHODS: It is a multicentre study in which we retrospectively reviewed the data files of the @entity0 who were referred to us for surgical management of @entity4 . RESULTS: From March 2003 to June 2009, 14 @entity0 (12 @entity0 and two @entity0 ) were treated surgically for infected SCJ. No @entity0 were found in the paediatric age group. Mean age was 49.8 years with a range between 26 and 77 years. All @entity0 were symptomatic. The prevalent symptom was either anterior chest wall swelling (21%) or @entity2 (29%); while 50% of them presented with both swelling and @entity2 . Associated risk factors were elicited in 12 @entity0 (86%) while it could not be identified in two @entity0 (14%). These risk factors were in the form of @entity5 in three @entity0 , @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in four, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in three @entity0 and two @entity0 had both @entity1 and @entity3 . Surgical management was performed in all @entity0 in the form of either incision and drainage in two @entity0 (14%); or SCJ curettage in three @entity0 (21%), while resection of the SCJ was done in nine @entity0 (62%). Mean postoperative hospital stay period (PHS) was 8.1 days (range: 5-30 days). All of them are alive and free of symptoms in follow-up. CONCLUSION: Surgery was found to be curative with good results for those @entity0 with @entity4 that did not respond to a full course of intravenous antibiotic therapy. Surgical options include incision and drainage, curettage or SCJ resection. The type of surgical procedure depends on the radiological findings, presentation, severity of the @entity4 and intra-operative findings. In our experience, complex muscle flap reconstruction was not necessary following SCJ resection.

title: Surgical management of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Marijuana, or @entity5 , is one of the most commonly used illicit drugs worldwide. Although there are some case reports of @entity2 associated with @entity5 use, there is no information on a causal role of @entity5 in @entity2 . We identified 14 @entity0 admitted to St Louis University Hospital between January 2004 and July 2007 with @entity4 who had documented clear exposure to @entity5 during or before symptom onset and a positive urine screen for @entity5 . We report this series, along with 3 cases previously reported by our group, for a total of 17 @entity0 (13 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 ), with a mean age of 41 years (range, 15-63 years). Nine @entity0 were under age 45 years, 4 had a history of @entity3 , and 10 sustained @entity2 in the posterior circulation. @entity1 , @entity9 , and @entity8 were the most common presenting symptoms. Five @entity0 had recurrent @entity2 with reexposure to @entity5 . No @entity0 had a prothrombotic state or cardiac source of @entity6 . Autopsy performed in 2 @entity0 revealed @entity4 with no evidence of @entity7 or @entity6 . The absence of other vascular risk factors in most of our @entity0 , the temporal relation of symptom onset to @entity5 exposure, and the recurrence of symptoms in a few @entity0 with reexposure suggest a causal role of @entity5 in these cases of @entity4 . However, this causal association cannot be definitely ascertained, given the descriptive nature of our series. More research is needed to explore this possible causal association.

title: Cannabis-related XXXX : case series and review of literature.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Between November 2001  and January 2008, 56  @entity0 (68  hands) out of 110  @entity0 operated for @entity4 , presented with @entity3 of the intrinsic muscles of the long fingers (interosseii and the abductor pollicis brevis). All @entity0 were adults (mean age 42.1  years). The surgical indication was discussed during multidisciplinary consultations with selective nerve blocks enabling us to distinguish between extrinsic and intrinsic pathologies on the one hand and muscular @entity3 and tendon retractions on the other hand. The aim of the treatment was defined in a "contract" signed with the @entity0 and/or his family. It was @entity5 , aesthetic and analgesic in 15  cases, @entity5 and analgesic in 32  cases and functional in 21  cases. Four hands were treated by neurectomy of the ulnar nerve's motor ramus, 54  by tenotomies of the interosseous muscles, 18  by tenotomy of the abductor digiti minimi, six by metacarpal disinsertion of the interosseous muscles. On a total of 67  hands operated associating surgery of the extrinsic and intrinsic flexors, 63  had good primary results as defined in the contract. We noted four relapses, two of which required revision. The authors emphasize the frequency of mixed @entity3 in adults after @entity2 . However modest the functional results may be, correction of @entity5 and @entity1 problems of non-functional hands as well as aesthetic improvements make surgery of the mixed @entity3 hand a successful intervention, which should be shared.

title: [Surgical management of XXXX of the intrinsic muscles of the long fingers in adults after @entity2 , 68 operated hands].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Between November 2001  and January 2008, 56  @entity0 (68  hands) out of 110  @entity0 operated for @entity4 , presented with @entity3 of the intrinsic muscles of the long fingers (interosseii and the abductor pollicis brevis). All @entity0 were adults (mean age 42.1  years). The surgical indication was discussed during multidisciplinary consultations with selective nerve blocks enabling us to distinguish between extrinsic and intrinsic pathologies on the one hand and muscular @entity3 and tendon retractions on the other hand. The aim of the treatment was defined in a "contract" signed with the @entity0 and/or his family. It was @entity5 , aesthetic and analgesic in 15  cases, @entity5 and analgesic in 32  cases and functional in 21  cases. Four hands were treated by neurectomy of the ulnar nerve's motor ramus, 54  by tenotomies of the interosseous muscles, 18  by tenotomy of the abductor digiti minimi, six by metacarpal disinsertion of the interosseous muscles. On a total of 67  hands operated associating surgery of the extrinsic and intrinsic flexors, 63  had good primary results as defined in the contract. We noted four relapses, two of which required revision. The authors emphasize the frequency of mixed @entity3 in adults after @entity2 . However modest the functional results may be, correction of @entity5 and @entity1 problems of non-functional hands as well as aesthetic improvements make surgery of the mixed @entity3 hand a successful intervention, which should be shared.

title: [Surgical management of @entity3 of the intrinsic muscles of the long fingers in adults after XXXX , 68 operated hands].

answer: @entity2


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence, risk factors, and gender differences in symptoms related to @entity2 . A secondary objective was to study gender differences in relation to referral to a sleep clinic for sleep investigations. DESIGN AND SETTING: A questionnaire study in a representative sample of the general population. A second cohort included @entity0 referred for @entity4 investigation between 1991 and 2000 in the same geographic region. @entity0 : A representative sample of 5,424 subjects aged 20 to 69 years living in northern Sweden. Responses were obtained from 4,648 subjects (85.7%). RESULTS: Of the male respondents, 17.9% stated that snoring was a problem or said that they had relatives who were concerned about witnessed @entity4 , and of the female respondents, 7.4%. The prevalence of snoring and witnessed @entity3 increased with age. In @entity0 , there was a peak prevalence rate at 55 to 59 years of age, while the corresponding figure in @entity0 the peak prevalence rate was at 60 to 64 years of age. Having snoring as a problem and relatives who were concerned about witnessed @entity4 were independently associated with male gender, age, and current smoking. Snoring as a problem also was associated with higher education. @entity0 who snored reported significantly more @entity1 than did @entity0 who snored. The estimated number of subjects aged 20 to 69 years who had snoring as a problem or had relatives who were concerned about witnessed @entity4 in the population was 21,160. During the previous decade, 3,955 subjects had been referred to sleep laboratories, so < 20% of the estimated number of symptomatic subjects in the population had been referred during this 10-year period. The referral rate ratio for @entity0 / @entity0 after correction for population and prevalence of symptoms was 1.25:1 (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION: Experiencing snoring as a problem or having relatives who are concerned about witnessed @entity4 are common findings in the population. However, during the last decade, only about 20% of the subjects with snoring as a problem or with relatives who are concerned about witnessed @entity4 were referred to sleep laboratories. @entity0 were significantly underrepresented in sleep laboratory referrals, even though @entity0 who snored experienced more subjective @entity1 than @entity0 .

title: Gender differences in symptoms related to XXXX in a general population and in relation to referral to sleep clinic.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Antibiotic use, particularly type and duration, is a crucial modifiable risk factor for @entity2 . Cardiac surgery is of particular interest because prophylactic antibiotics are recommended for 48  hours or less (vs   <=24  hours for noncardiac surgery), with increasing @entity1 use. We aimed to study associations between antibiotic prophylaxis (duration/ @entity1 use) and @entity2 among @entity0 undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. METHODS: We extracted data on coronary artery bypass grafting procedures from the national Premier Perspective claims database (2006-2013, n  =  154,200, 233 hospitals). Multilevel multivariable logistic regressions measured associations between (1) duration (<2  days, "standard" vs >= 2  days, "extended") and (2)  type of antibiotic used (" @entity4 ," " @entity4  +  @entity1 ," " @entity1 ") and @entity2 as outcome. RESULTS: Overall @entity2 prevalence was 0.21% (n  =  329). Most @entity0 (59.7%) received a @entity4 only; in 33.1% @entity1 was added, whereas 7.2% received @entity1 only. Extended prophylaxis was used in 20.9%. In adjusted analyses, extended prophylaxis (vs standard) was associated with significantly increased @entity2 risk (odds ratio, 1.43; confidence interval, 1.07-1.92), whereas no significant associations existed for @entity1 use as adjuvant or primary prophylactic compared with the use of @entity3 (odds ratio, 1.21; confidence interval, 0.92-1.60, and odds ratio, 1.39; confidence interval, 0.94-2.05, respectively). Substantial inter-hospital variation exists in the percentage of extended antibiotic prophylaxis (interquartile range, 2.5-35.7), use of adjuvant @entity1 (interquartile range, 4.2-61.1), and @entity1 alone (interquartile range, 2.3-10.4). CONCLUSIONS: Although extended use of antibiotic prophylaxis was associated with increased @entity2 risk after coronary artery bypass grafting, @entity1 use was not. The observed hospital variation in antibiotic prophylaxis practices suggests great potential for efforts aimed at standardizing practices that subsequently could reduce @entity2 risk.

title: Antibiotic prophylaxis and risk of XXXX infection after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: When telomeres are shortened to a critical length, they will initiate @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and may finally cause tumorigenesis. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the shortened telomere as a potential biomarker for tumorigenesis in @entity2 . The telomeres in matched @entity1 and adjacent noncancer mucosa samples from 86 @entity2 @entity0 were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). According to the International Union Against @entity1 (UICC), @entity1 stages were classified into four groups: stage I (n = 23), stage II (n = 20), stage III (n = 23), and stage IV (n = 20). Telomere length decreased with aging in both adjacent noncancer mucosa and @entity1 tissue (r = -0.261 (P = 0.008) and r = -0.27 (P = 0.012), respectively). The telomere length of UICC stage I @entity1 was significantly shorter than the average telomere length in adjacent noncancer mucosa (P = 0.023). Telomere length increased gradually with increasing UICC stage (P = 0.032). The telomere length of UICC stage IV @entity1 was significantly longer, when compared to that in noncancer mucosa (P = 0.019) and stage I @entity1 (P = 0.002). In summary, telomere length undergoes @entity4 in early stage @entity2 and lengthening in advanced @entity2 . Additionally, telomere @entity4 may initiate the tumorigenesis of @entity2 .

title: Telomere XXXX occurs early during gastrocarcinogenesis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study sought to know the opinions of general surgeons registered in the state of Connecticut about their use of laparoscopic lysis of adhesions ( @entity2 ) to manage adhesive @entity1 ( @entity1 ) compared with open lysis of adhesions (OLA) in terms of safety, contraindications, and outcomes. METHODS: A questionnaire was designed to gather the opinions of general surgeons registered in Connecticut on this topic. The questionnaire was administered electronically and through the mail. RESULTS: Of the 205 general surgeons to whom the questionnaire was sent, 87 completed it (42% response). The respondents were evenly distributed throughout Connecticut. Of these respondents, 9% were university teaching hospital faculty, 55% were community teaching hospital based, and 36% were community nonteaching hospital based. The answers to the questions were expressed as percentages and differences between groups tested using Fisher's exact test, with the significance level set at a P value less than 0.05. According to their self-reports, 60% of the respondents used @entity2 in their practice, with 38% of this group using @entity2 for less than 15% of their adhesive @entity1 cases. Compared with surgeons out of training less than 15 years, a greater number of surgeons out of training more than 15 years considered @entity2 to be safer (P = 0.03) and to have better outcomes (P = 0.04) than OLA. More surgeons in academic/teaching settings considered @entity2 to be safe than did surgeons in nonacademic/nonteaching settings (P = 0.04), and more members of the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES)/Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons (SLS) considered @entity2 to be safe than nonmembers (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Many surgeons do not perform @entity2 for reasons that differ from those in the surgical literature, which supports @entity2 . Surgeons recently trained or with membership in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) societies are more likely to use @entity2 . These data suggest that recent training and interest or membership in MIS associations influence surgeons' choice for @entity2 . This survey demonstrated that an opportunity exists to improve @entity0 outcomes with education about the merits of @entity2 in the state of Connecticut.

title: Survey of opinions on operative management of adhesive XXXX : laparoscopy versus laparotomy in the state of Connecticut.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Municipal wastewater treatment plants play a vital role in reducing the microbial load of sewage before the end-products are discharged to surface waters (final effluent) or local environments (biosolids). This study was to investigate the presence of @entity0 -virulent microsporidian spores ( @entity1 , @entity2 , and @entity2 hellem) and enterococci during treatment processes at four Irish municipal secondary wastewater treatment plants (plants A-D). Microsporidian abundance was significantly related to seasonal increase in water temperature. Plant A had the least efficient removal of @entity2 spores (32%) in wastewater, with almost 100% removal at other plants both in April and July. Some negative removal efficiencies were obtained for @entity1 (at plants C and D, -100%) and for E. hellem (at plants A and D, -90% and -50%). In addition, a positive correlation was found between the levels of enterococci and @entity1 in July (r (s)   =   0.72, P   <   0.05). In terms of the dewatered biosolids, a median concentration as high as 32,000 spores/Kg of E. hellem was observed at plant D in July. Plant C sewage sludge contained the lowest microsporidian loadings ( @entity1 ; 450 spores/L and 1,000 spores/L in April and July, respectively). This study highlights the seasonal variation in concentrations of microsporidian spores in the incoming sewage. Spores in final effluents and dewatered biosolids can be the source of @entity0 -virulent microsporidian contamination to the local environment. This emphasizes a considerably high public health risk when sewage-derived biosolids are spread during summer months. This study also suggested enterococci as a potential indicator of the presence of microsporidian spores in wastewater, especially for @entity1 .

title: Municipal wastewater treatment plants as removal systems and environmental sources of XXXX -virulent microsporidian spores.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a hysteroscopic local anesthetic intrauterine @entity4 (ICOB) on @entity1 experienced during office endometrial ablation (EA) in addition to a traditional direct local anesthetic cervical block (DCB). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: University teaching hospital. @entity0 (S): @entity0 with heavy @entity3 scheduled for an office endometrial ablation. INTERVENTION(S): Before office EA, DCB plus hysteroscopic ICOB just medial to each tubal ostium using local anesthetic mixture made up of 1  mL 3% @entity6 plus 1  mL 0.5% @entity5 versus control group receiving DBC plus ICOB with 2  mL of placebo (saline). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Primary outcome: @entity1 reported during procedure via visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10; secondary outcomes: @entity2 , rescue analgesic requirement, and duration of hospital stay. RESULT(S): Most characteristics were similar across groups. The mean VAS score during the procedure was statistically significantly lower by 1.44 (95% confidence interval, -2.65 to -0.21) in the active group compared with the placebo group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the postprocedural mean VAS scores, rescue analgesic requirement, or duration of hospital stay. CONCLUSION(S): Used in addition to DCB, ICOB reduces the @entity1 experienced during office EA compared with DCB alone. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01808898.

title: Hysteroscopic local anesthetic intrauterine XXXX in office endometrial ablation: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a significant cause of disability in young adults. Hip arthroscopic surgery restores bony congruence and improves function in the majority of @entity0 , but recent evidence indicates that @entity0 may experience worse pre- and postoperative function than @entity0 . PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this study was to identify whether self-reported hip function differed between @entity0 and @entity0 with symptomatic @entity1 . The hypothesis was that mean self-reported hip function scores would improve after arthroscopic surgery but that @entity0 would report poorer function than @entity0 both before and up to 2 years after arthroscopic surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: A total of 229 @entity0 (68.4% @entity0 ; mean [  SD] age, 31.6    10.8 years; mean [  SD] body mass index, 26.8    11.9 kg/m(2)) underwent hip arthroscopic surgery for unilateral symptomatic @entity1 . All eligible and consenting @entity0 with radiologically and clinically confirmed @entity1 completed the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-33) and the Hip Outcome Score activities of daily living subscale (HOS-ADL) before hip arthroscopic surgery and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after arthroscopic surgery. A linear mixed model for repeated measures was used to test for differences in self-reported hip function between @entity0 and @entity0 over the study period (P  <= .05). RESULTS: There were no significant time * sex interactions for either the HOS-ADL (P = .12) or iHOT-33 (P = .64), but both measures showed significant improvements between the preoperative time point and each of the 4 follow-up points (P < .0001); however, self-reported hip function did not improve between 6 and 24 months after arthroscopic surgery (P >=  .11). Post hoc independent t tests indicated that @entity0 reported poorer hip function than did @entity0 before surgery (P  <= .003) both on the HOS-ADL (mean    standard error of the mean [SEM], 67.4    1.9 [ @entity0 ] vs 60.5    1.3 [ @entity0 ]) and iHOT-33 (mean    SEM, 38.0    1.9 [ @entity0 ] vs 30.9    1.3 [ @entity0 ]); scores were not different between sexes at any other time point. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate improvements in self-reported hip function in @entity0 with @entity1 , regardless of sex, until 6 months after hip arthroscopic surgery. Although @entity0 reported poorer preoperative function than did @entity0 , the differences were not significant 2 years after surgery.

title: Sex Differences in Self-Reported Hip Function Up to 2 Years After Arthroscopic Surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with intussusception require rapid and accurate diagnosis to enable timely intervention for satisfactory outcome. Ultrasonography is the recommended standard diagnostic modality; however, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is still used as an initial investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the benefit of @entity2 in intussusception by determining diagnostic accuracy and analysing correlation of @entity2 findings with outcome. METHODS: Index cases of intussusception presenting over 15  years (1998-2013) were analysed. Those who had @entity2 performed were allocated into groups with positive or normal findings. Outcome of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) between these groups was compared. RESULTS: Six hundred and forty-four cases of intussusception treated with @entity3 were identified, 412 (64  %) had @entity2 performed and 232 (36  %) did not. 303 (74  %) radiographs had positive findings and 109 (26  %) were normal. The success rate of @entity3 did not differ between @entity2 positive (82  %) and @entity2 normal (84  %). @entity1 was not detected in any @entity0 by @entity2 in our cohort. CONCLUSION: @entity2 is not recommended for the diagnosis of intussusception in @entity0 , for the prediction of the outcome of @entity3 or for the detection of occult @entity1 . @entity2 should always be performed when clinical peritonism is present but is not otherwise necessary in @entity0 with suspected or confirmed intussusception.

title: Abdominal radiography is not necessary in XXXX with intussusception.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Arrhythmogenic right @entity4 / @entity8 (ARVC/D) is a predominantly genetically determined and heritable form of @entity4 that is characterized pathologically by the replacement of myocytes by adipose and fibrous tissue and leads to @entity1 , @entity7 , and @entity10 . The estimated prevalence of ARVC/D in the general population ranges from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 5,000, @entity0 are more frequently affected than @entity0 , with an approximate ratio of 3:1. ARVC/D can be inherited as an @entity2 with reduced penetrance and variable expression, autosomal recessive inheritance is also described. There have been 12 genes identified which are linked to ARVC/D, encoding several components of the cardiac desmosome. Dysfunctional desmosomes resulting in defective cell adhesion proteins, such as plakoglobin ( @entity15 ), @entity5 (DSP), @entity14 ( @entity14 ), and @entity13 ( @entity13 ) consequently cause loss of electrical coupling between cardiac myocytes, leading to myocyte cell death, fibrofatty replacement and @entity7 . Diagnosis is based on the finding a combination of characteristic abnormalities in family history, electrocardiography, cardiac imaging as well as endomyocardial biopsy (original task force criteria). Therapeutic options remain limited because of the progressive nature of ARVC/D. Competitive athletics should be avoided. @entity0 with ARVC/D with a history of having been resuscitated from @entity10 , @entity0 with @entity9 , very young @entity0 , and those who have marked right ventricular involvement are at the highest risk for @entity3 and also, the presence of left ventricular involvement is a risk factor. Several authors concluded that @entity0 who meet the Task Force criteria for ARVC/D are at high risk for @entity10 and should undergo ICD placement for primary and secondary prevention, regardless of electrophysiologic testing results. The role of electrophysiologic study and VT catheter ablation in ARVC/D remains poorly defined, and is frequently used as a palliative measure for @entity0 with refractory VT. The progressive nature of ARVC/D suggests that catheter ablation would not be a long-term curative procedure. @entity12 proved to be highly effective in @entity0 with ARVC/D and inducible as well as non-inducible @entity11 ; if it is ineffective in inducible @entity11 response to other antiarrhythmic drugs is unlikely and therefore non-pharmacological therapy without further drug testing should be considered. Orthotopic heart transplantation is considered in @entity0 with progressive @entity6 and intractable recurrent @entity7 .

title: Arrhythmogenic right XXXX / @entity8 : a review and update.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Arrhythmogenic right @entity4 / @entity8 (ARVC/D) is a predominantly genetically determined and heritable form of @entity4 that is characterized pathologically by the replacement of myocytes by adipose and fibrous tissue and leads to @entity1 , @entity7 , and @entity10 . The estimated prevalence of ARVC/D in the general population ranges from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 5,000, @entity0 are more frequently affected than @entity0 , with an approximate ratio of 3:1. ARVC/D can be inherited as an @entity2 with reduced penetrance and variable expression, autosomal recessive inheritance is also described. There have been 12 genes identified which are linked to ARVC/D, encoding several components of the cardiac desmosome. Dysfunctional desmosomes resulting in defective cell adhesion proteins, such as plakoglobin ( @entity15 ), @entity5 (DSP), @entity14 ( @entity14 ), and @entity13 ( @entity13 ) consequently cause loss of electrical coupling between cardiac myocytes, leading to myocyte cell death, fibrofatty replacement and @entity7 . Diagnosis is based on the finding a combination of characteristic abnormalities in family history, electrocardiography, cardiac imaging as well as endomyocardial biopsy (original task force criteria). Therapeutic options remain limited because of the progressive nature of ARVC/D. Competitive athletics should be avoided. @entity0 with ARVC/D with a history of having been resuscitated from @entity10 , @entity0 with @entity9 , very young @entity0 , and those who have marked right ventricular involvement are at the highest risk for @entity3 and also, the presence of left ventricular involvement is a risk factor. Several authors concluded that @entity0 who meet the Task Force criteria for ARVC/D are at high risk for @entity10 and should undergo ICD placement for primary and secondary prevention, regardless of electrophysiologic testing results. The role of electrophysiologic study and VT catheter ablation in ARVC/D remains poorly defined, and is frequently used as a palliative measure for @entity0 with refractory VT. The progressive nature of ARVC/D suggests that catheter ablation would not be a long-term curative procedure. @entity12 proved to be highly effective in @entity0 with ARVC/D and inducible as well as non-inducible @entity11 ; if it is ineffective in inducible @entity11 response to other antiarrhythmic drugs is unlikely and therefore non-pharmacological therapy without further drug testing should be considered. Orthotopic heart transplantation is considered in @entity0 with progressive @entity6 and intractable recurrent @entity7 .

title: Arrhythmogenic right @entity4 / XXXX : a review and update.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity11 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity3 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity11 evokes mechanical and cold @entity4 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity7 ( @entity7 ) as well as @entity8 ( @entity8 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity2 . But it is still unclear whether @entity7 or @entity8 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity11 -induced @entity4 , as well as the linkage between @entity7 and @entity8 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity11 -induced @entity4 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity10 , an inhibitor of @entity7 , on the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . We found that @entity11 increased the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity9 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity10 alleviates the @entity11 -induced @entity4 and suppresses the @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . In addition, @entity10 enhanced the @entity11 -induced mortality of the @entity0 @entity5 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity10 might play a dual role in @entity3 treatment: alleviating @entity11 -induced @entity2 and facilitating the anti- @entity1 effects of @entity11 through their synergistic role.

title: @entity10 reverts @entity6 -induced XXXX through inhibiting @entity8 / @entity9 pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity11 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity3 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity11 evokes mechanical and cold @entity4 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity7 ( @entity7 ) as well as @entity8 ( @entity8 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity2 . But it is still unclear whether @entity7 or @entity8 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity11 -induced @entity4 , as well as the linkage between @entity7 and @entity8 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity11 -induced @entity4 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity10 , an inhibitor of @entity7 , on the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . We found that @entity11 increased the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity9 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity10 alleviates the @entity11 -induced @entity4 and suppresses the @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . In addition, @entity10 enhanced the @entity11 -induced mortality of the @entity0 @entity5 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity10 might play a dual role in @entity3 treatment: alleviating @entity11 -induced @entity2 and facilitating the anti- @entity1 effects of @entity11 through their synergistic role.

title: @entity10 reverts XXXX -induced @entity2 through inhibiting @entity8 / @entity9 pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity11 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity3 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity11 evokes mechanical and cold @entity4 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity7 ( @entity7 ) as well as @entity8 ( @entity8 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity2 . But it is still unclear whether @entity7 or @entity8 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity11 -induced @entity4 , as well as the linkage between @entity7 and @entity8 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity11 -induced @entity4 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity10 , an inhibitor of @entity7 , on the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . We found that @entity11 increased the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity9 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity10 alleviates the @entity11 -induced @entity4 and suppresses the @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . In addition, @entity10 enhanced the @entity11 -induced mortality of the @entity0 @entity5 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity10 might play a dual role in @entity3 treatment: alleviating @entity11 -induced @entity2 and facilitating the anti- @entity1 effects of @entity11 through their synergistic role.

title: XXXX reverts @entity6 -induced @entity2 through inhibiting @entity8 / @entity9 pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity11 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity3 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity11 evokes mechanical and cold @entity4 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity7 ( @entity7 ) as well as @entity8 ( @entity8 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity2 . But it is still unclear whether @entity7 or @entity8 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity11 -induced @entity4 , as well as the linkage between @entity7 and @entity8 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity11 -induced @entity4 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity10 , an inhibitor of @entity7 , on the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . We found that @entity11 increased the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity9 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity10 alleviates the @entity11 -induced @entity4 and suppresses the @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . In addition, @entity10 enhanced the @entity11 -induced mortality of the @entity0 @entity5 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity10 might play a dual role in @entity3 treatment: alleviating @entity11 -induced @entity2 and facilitating the anti- @entity1 effects of @entity11 through their synergistic role.

title: @entity10 reverts @entity6 -induced @entity2 through inhibiting XXXX / @entity9 pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity11 ) is the common and extremely potent anti-advanced @entity3 chemotherapeutic. Accumulating evidence reveals that @entity11 evokes mechanical and cold @entity4 . However, the mechanism underlying these bothersome and dose-limiting adverse effects is poorly understood. It is well known that @entity7 ( @entity7 ) as well as @entity8 ( @entity8 )/Akt signaling mediate the @entity2 . But it is still unclear whether @entity7 or @entity8 /Akt signaling participates in the regulation of @entity11 -induced @entity4 , as well as the linkage between @entity7 and @entity8 /Akt signaling in mediating @entity11 -induced @entity4 . In this paper, we investigated the anti-nociceptive effect of @entity10 , an inhibitor of @entity7 , on the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . We found that @entity11 increased the expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity9 in the lumbar 4-5 (L4-5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG). And the administration of @entity10 alleviates the @entity11 -induced @entity4 and suppresses the @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling. Our findings showed that @entity7 and @entity8 / @entity9 signaling in DRG contributed to the @entity11 -induced @entity2 . In addition, @entity10 enhanced the @entity11 -induced mortality of the @entity0 @entity5 cell line HCT-116. Thus, @entity10 might play a dual role in @entity3 treatment: alleviating @entity11 -induced @entity2 and facilitating the anti- @entity1 effects of @entity11 through their synergistic role.

title: @entity10 reverts @entity6 -induced @entity2 through inhibiting @entity8 / XXXX pathway in the mouse dorsal root ganglion.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity3 ( @entity4 ) versus @entity4 alone in preventing @entity1 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 and inadequate responses to @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity0 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity0 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity4 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity4 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity4 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity4 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity0 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity4 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity4 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: @entity1 in @entity2 @entity0 with inadequate responses to XXXX : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of @entity1 at one year.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity3 ( @entity4 ) versus @entity4 alone in preventing @entity1 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 and inadequate responses to @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity0 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity0 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity4 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity4 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity4 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity4 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity0 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity4 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity4 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: @entity1 in XXXX @entity0 with inadequate responses to @entity3 : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of @entity1 at one year.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity3 ( @entity4 ) versus @entity4 alone in preventing @entity1 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 and inadequate responses to @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity0 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity0 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity4 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity4 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity4 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity4 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity0 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity4 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity4 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: XXXX in @entity2 @entity0 with inadequate responses to @entity3 : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of @entity1 at one year.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity3 ( @entity4 ) versus @entity4 alone in preventing @entity1 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 and inadequate responses to @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity0 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity0 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity4 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity4 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity4 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity4 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity0 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity4 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity4 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: @entity1 in @entity2 @entity0 with inadequate responses to @entity3 : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of XXXX at one year.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab plus @entity3 ( @entity4 ) versus @entity4 alone in preventing @entity1 and improving physical function and disease activity in @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity2 and inadequate responses to @entity4 . METHODS: A total of 1,196 @entity0 were enrolled in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. @entity0 received tocilizumab (8 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg) or placebo every 4 weeks plus @entity4 . Rescue treatment was available from week 16. Results from year 1 are presented. RESULTS: Mean change in the total Genant-modified Sharp score was 0.29 and 0.34 with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg plus @entity4 and 4 mg/kg plus @entity4 , respectively, versus 1.13 with placebo plus @entity4 (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Analysis of variance of the area under the curve for change from baseline in the disability index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire showed greater decreases with tocilizumab 8 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg (-144.1 and -128.4 units, respectively) than with placebo (-58.1 units; P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Proportions of @entity0 with American College of Rheumatology 20%, 50%, and 70% improvement and with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints remission were higher in those receiving 8 mg/kg tocilizumab than in those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001 for all comparisons). The safety profile of tocilizumab was consistent with the profiles in previous studies. Infections were the most common adverse and serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study show that tocilizumab plus @entity4 results in greater inhibition of joint damage and improvement in physical function than does @entity4 alone. Tocilizumab has a well-characterized safety profile.

title: @entity1 in @entity2 XXXX with inadequate responses to @entity3 : results from the double-blind treatment phase of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of tocilizumab safety and prevention of @entity1 at one year.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among hemodialysis @entity0 , probing dry weight is an effective strategy for improving control of @entity2 . Whether controlling @entity2 improves or worsens symptoms among such @entity0 remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to develop a tool to evaluate symptoms and examine the relationship of the change in these symptoms with blood pressure (BP) control. METHODS: Among @entity0 participating in the Hemodialysis @entity0 Treated with @entity5 or @entity6 (HDPAL) randomized controlled trial, a confirmatory factor analysis ( @entity7 ) was performed to establish the relationship between symptoms and organ systems. Next, the change in symptom scores pertaining to organ systems was analyzed using a mixed model. Finally, the independent effect of lowering home BP on change in symptoms was evaluated. RESULTS: Among 133 @entity0 where symptoms were available at baseline, @entity7 revealed four level 1 domains: gastrointestinal symptoms, dialysis-related symptoms, @entity1 and general symptoms. All except dialysis-related symptoms were ascribed to @entity9 (level 2 domain). Uremic symptoms improved over 6 months and then increased. Dialysis-related symptoms ( @entity3 ) did not worsen despite lowering home BP. Probing dry weight was independently associated with an improvement in @entity1 such as @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Reducing BP through the use of a strategy that includes volume control and medication improves symptoms seemingly unrelated to @entity8 . In long-term hemodialysis @entity0 , treating @entity2 using home BP measurements may improve well-being.

title: Treating @entity2 in hemodialysis improves symptoms seemingly unrelated to XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among hemodialysis @entity0 , probing dry weight is an effective strategy for improving control of @entity2 . Whether controlling @entity2 improves or worsens symptoms among such @entity0 remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to develop a tool to evaluate symptoms and examine the relationship of the change in these symptoms with blood pressure (BP) control. METHODS: Among @entity0 participating in the Hemodialysis @entity0 Treated with @entity5 or @entity6 (HDPAL) randomized controlled trial, a confirmatory factor analysis ( @entity7 ) was performed to establish the relationship between symptoms and organ systems. Next, the change in symptom scores pertaining to organ systems was analyzed using a mixed model. Finally, the independent effect of lowering home BP on change in symptoms was evaluated. RESULTS: Among 133 @entity0 where symptoms were available at baseline, @entity7 revealed four level 1 domains: gastrointestinal symptoms, dialysis-related symptoms, @entity1 and general symptoms. All except dialysis-related symptoms were ascribed to @entity9 (level 2 domain). Uremic symptoms improved over 6 months and then increased. Dialysis-related symptoms ( @entity3 ) did not worsen despite lowering home BP. Probing dry weight was independently associated with an improvement in @entity1 such as @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Reducing BP through the use of a strategy that includes volume control and medication improves symptoms seemingly unrelated to @entity8 . In long-term hemodialysis @entity0 , treating @entity2 using home BP measurements may improve well-being.

title: Treating XXXX in hemodialysis improves symptoms seemingly unrelated to @entity8 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A Caucasian male suffered a skull fracture at age twenty-two. There was @entity4 with partial recovery of hearing in the left ear. He was able successfully to wear a hearing aid in this ear for only thirteen years. His balance remained impaired until @entity0 at age fifty of unrelated causes. Temporal bone histologic studies revealed bilateral transverse fractures extending through the ampullated end of the three semicircular canals and vestibula. The cochleae were not involved. In the right ear, the organ of Corti was missing in the basal 14 mm and shrunken in the remainder of the cochlea. In the left ear, the organ of Corti was missing in the basal 14 mm and present with partial hair cell loss in the remainder of the cochlea. @entity5 neuron loss correlated in severity with the organ of Corti lesions bilaterally. The membranous vestibular labyrinth showed distension and @entity2 with @entity1 of sensory epithelium of the cristae and maculae bilaterally. Progressive deterioration of left ear residual hearing cannot be explained on the basis of @entity3 ; it probably was the result of biochemical alterations. Total loss of vestibular sensory epithelium bilaterally explained the persistent disequilibrium.

title: Pathology of XXXX and disequilibrium in head injury:a human temporal bone study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) visit emergency departments (EDs) in rates leading to a significant health system burden. However, limited comprehensive evaluations of utilization patterns have been published using data connecting visits to @entity0 across facilities. This study aims to examine sociodemographic predictors of @entity1 utilization in @entity2 . PROCEDURE: This retrospective cohort study employed 2007 data from the @entity3 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD). Data included all @entity1 encounters from @entity3 hospitals; identifiers connected each visit to an individual @entity0 , across all facilities in the state. Multivariate regression techniques evaluated sociodemographic predictors of utilization while adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: In 2007, 2,920 @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 made 16,364 @entity1 visits. Adults >=  21 years of age had higher @entity1 visit rates than @entity0 and were more likely to both be in the highest tier of users and visit multiple facilities. @entity0 living further from a self-identified provider of comprehensive @entity2 care had higher rates of @entity1 visits and a lower likelihood of hospitalization from the @entity1 . Publicly insured @entity0 had higher rates of @entity1 visits and were more likely to be in the highest tier of users than were the privately insured or uninsured. CONCLUSIONS: Adulthood >=  21 years of age, distance from comprehensive @entity2 care, and insurance status are significant predictors of @entity1 utilization in @entity2 . As a routine source of care decreases @entity1 utilization, these findings prompt concern that these factors act as barriers to accessing comprehensive @entity2 care.

title: @entity2 in XXXX : sociodemographic predictors of emergency department utilization.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) visit emergency departments (EDs) in rates leading to a significant health system burden. However, limited comprehensive evaluations of utilization patterns have been published using data connecting visits to @entity0 across facilities. This study aims to examine sociodemographic predictors of @entity1 utilization in @entity2 . PROCEDURE: This retrospective cohort study employed 2007 data from the @entity3 Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD). Data included all @entity1 encounters from @entity3 hospitals; identifiers connected each visit to an individual @entity0 , across all facilities in the state. Multivariate regression techniques evaluated sociodemographic predictors of utilization while adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS: In 2007, 2,920 @entity3 @entity0 with @entity2 made 16,364 @entity1 visits. Adults >=  21 years of age had higher @entity1 visit rates than @entity0 and were more likely to both be in the highest tier of users and visit multiple facilities. @entity0 living further from a self-identified provider of comprehensive @entity2 care had higher rates of @entity1 visits and a lower likelihood of hospitalization from the @entity1 . Publicly insured @entity0 had higher rates of @entity1 visits and were more likely to be in the highest tier of users than were the privately insured or uninsured. CONCLUSIONS: Adulthood >=  21 years of age, distance from comprehensive @entity2 care, and insurance status are significant predictors of @entity1 utilization in @entity2 . As a routine source of care decreases @entity1 utilization, these findings prompt concern that these factors act as barriers to accessing comprehensive @entity2 care.

title: XXXX in @entity3 : sociodemographic predictors of emergency department utilization.

answer: @entity2