abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2 are usually the result of high-energy @entity1 , and @entity3 after a @entity2 is an often complication. Though organic pathologies can be the reason for @entity3 , @entity4 following a @entity1 may also be linked to sexual problems. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of @entity3 , and help these @entity0 with their usually undisclosed sexual problems, and offer them support. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a 4-year period, between June 2008 and May 2012, 40 male @entity0 (out of 57) with a mean age of 42.6  years (range 18-65  years) were evaluated retrospectively. @entity0 having organic pathologies (vascular, neural, and urogenital system pathologies) were excluded from the study. @entity0 were requested to complete the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), which is a 5-item self-evaluation scale. According to the results of the questionnaire, @entity0 needing supportive treatment were referred to the psychiatry department. RESULTS: Twenty-two @entity0 (55  %) scored 10 points or less in the ASEX questionnaire (normal). Eighteen @entity0 (45  %) had 11 points or more (can be problematic). Four of these 18 @entity0 had a score of 19 points or more (needing psychiatric evaluation). @entity0 with a score of >= 19 points, for any one item with a score of 5 or 6 points, or any three or more items with a score of 4 points were considered to have a high probability of @entity3 after psychiatric evaluation. CONCLUSION: The frequency of @entity3 in pelvic @entity2 @entity0 was tested, and the need for investigating @entity3 is stressed. This study attracts attention to @entity3 and the necessity of referring these @entity0 to the related clinics, for treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective case series.

title: XXXX of male, after @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a @entity3 inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. It is due to a metabolic defect in the conversion of @entity6 to @entity2 , which leads to an accumulation of @entity6 and frequently a deficiency of @entity2 . The syndrome is characterized by typical dysmorphic facial features, @entity3 , and @entity4 . AREAS COVERED: In this paper we provide an overview of the clinical phenotype and discuss how the manifestations of the syndrome vary depending on the age of the @entity0 . We then explore the underlying biochemical defect and pathophysiological alterations that may contribute to the many disease manifestations. Subsequently we explore the epidemiology and succinctly discuss population genetics as they relate to @entity7 . The next section presents the diagnostic possibilities. Thereafter, the treatment and management as is standard of care are presented. EXPERT OPINION: Even though the knowledge of the underlying molecular mutations and the biochemical alterations is being rapidly accumulated, there is currently no efficacious therapy addressing @entity1 . We discuss the difficulty of treating this disorder, which manifests as a combination of a @entity3 and an @entity5 . A very important factor in developing new therapies is the need to rigorously establish efficacy in controlled trials.

title: Pathogenesis, Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Clinical Aspects of XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are two main surgical approaches, simple ulnar nerve decompression at the elbow, and anterior transposition of the nerve in treatment of @entity2 . Both techniques were reported in literature in details with similar reported success rates. Here, we present a modified simple decompression surgical technique in treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: Fifty eight @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 undergoing the presented technique were enrolled. This procedure consisted of ulnar nerve decompression at the elbow and a supplementary procedure of inter-muscular septum transverse cut between triceps and brachialis muscle above the elbow. RESULTS: Complete sensory recovery was observed in 35 (60.3%) @entity0 , however, mild and occasional sensory symptoms remained in 15 (25.9%), and moderate symptoms persisted in 6 (10.3%) @entity0 . In two @entity0 (3.4%), no sensory improvement was recorded. Post-operatively, muscular hypotrophy improved completely in 5 out of 12 @entity0 (41.7%). However, in the remaining 7 @entity0 (58.3%) with @entity1 , motor recovery never took place. CONCLUSION: The presented modified simple decompression technique was shown to be an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of @entity2 without any complications.

title: Modified simple decompression of ulnar nerve in treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 is still considered as one of the most common @entity2 worldwide regardless of the countries' level of development. This study determines the incidence of @entity0 in Fars Province, Southern Iran. METHODS: This study used @entity1 ' records from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Cancer Registry Centre, which is a Hospital-Based Registry of Nemazee Hospital. Data were recorded based on International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) and compromised all invasive @entity2 in ICD-10 categories of C-00 to C-80. The findings were shown as the number of cases by site (ICD-10) and gender, with crude incidence (CRs), age-specific incidence and age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) per 100,000 @entity1 per year, performed by direct method using the world standard population. RESULTS: The age group of 40-49 years had the highest rate of @entity0 and naturally most cases were post-menopause ones. Most cases were diagnosed in moderate differentiated state with an increasing trend. Early diagnosis of @entity2 has not increased over time in comprised with malignant cases. The number of diagnosed cases has sharply increased after year 2004 especially during post-menopause period. CONCLUSION: As the number of diagnosed cases has increased during post-menopausal period, screening and health programs seem necessary for menopause @entity1 .

title: Incidence of XXXX in fars province, southern iran: a hospital-based study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The strategy of fusing a protein of interest to a hormone-binding domain (HBD) of a @entity1 hormone receptor allows fine control of the activity of the fused protein. Such fusion proteins are inactive in the absence of ligand, because they are complexed with a variety of intracellular polypeptides. Upon ligand binding, the receptor is released from its inhibitory complex and the fusion protein becomes functional. In the @entity0 @entity2 receptor (ER) fusion system, proteins are fused to the HBD of the ER. The system relies on the use of a mutant ER known as ER(TAM). Compared to the wild-type HBD, ER(TAM) has 1000-fold lower affinity for @entity2 , yet remains responsive to activation by the synthetic @entity1 @entity4 ( @entity5 ). Because @entity5 is expensive, animals can be treated with the cheaper precursor @entity3 , which is converted into @entity5 by a liver enzyme. Here we present an overview of the methods used to deliver @entity3 to @entity0 . The most used method is intraperitoneal injection, because the amount of administered compound can be better controlled, but delivery by oral gavage is also possible. For short-term and immediate-effect studies or when conversion of @entity3 by the liver is to be avoided, @entity5 can be used directly.

title: XXXX administration to @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The strategy of fusing a protein of interest to a hormone-binding domain (HBD) of a @entity1 hormone receptor allows fine control of the activity of the fused protein. Such fusion proteins are inactive in the absence of ligand, because they are complexed with a variety of intracellular polypeptides. Upon ligand binding, the receptor is released from its inhibitory complex and the fusion protein becomes functional. In the @entity0 @entity2 receptor (ER) fusion system, proteins are fused to the HBD of the ER. The system relies on the use of a mutant ER known as ER(TAM). Compared to the wild-type HBD, ER(TAM) has 1000-fold lower affinity for @entity2 , yet remains responsive to activation by the synthetic @entity1 @entity4 ( @entity5 ). Because @entity5 is expensive, animals can be treated with the cheaper precursor @entity3 , which is converted into @entity5 by a liver enzyme. Here we present an overview of the methods used to deliver @entity3 to @entity0 . The most used method is intraperitoneal injection, because the amount of administered compound can be better controlled, but delivery by oral gavage is also possible. For short-term and immediate-effect studies or when conversion of @entity3 by the liver is to be avoided, @entity5 can be used directly.

title: @entity3 administration to XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since Aerococcus sanguinicola was designated as a species in 2001, only a few cases of @entity9 have been reported. The aim with this study was to describe the clinical presentation of A sanguinicola @entity9 and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility and the capacity of the bacteria to form biofilm and to induce @entity6 . METHODS: Isolates of A sanguinicola from blood cultures were retrospectively identified from 2 clinical microbiology laboratories for 2006 to 2012. Species identity was confirmed through sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The medical charts of @entity0 were reviewed. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for relevant antibiotics was determined. Biofilm formation was measured as the amount of @entity7 absorbed. @entity6 was determined by aggregometry. RESULTS: Eleven cases of A sanguinicola @entity9 were identified. All @entity0 were male and the median age was 82 years (range 67-93). Nine @entity0 fulfilled criteria for severe @entity3 , and 2 @entity0 died at hospital. Two @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity5 . Most @entity0 had underlying urinary tract diseases or an indwelling urinary tract catheter. Five @entity0 suffered from @entity4 . None of the @entity0 was treated with immunosuppressive medications. The MIC values of the isolates were in line with previous reports, with low MICs for @entity1 , @entity10 , and @entity8 . All 11 isolates produced biofilms but not all could induce @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: A sanguinicola can cause severe @entity2 in elderly @entity0 with urinary tract abnormalities and the bacteria possess potential virulence mechanisms.

title: XXXX with Aerococcus sanguinicola: Case Series with Characterization of Virulence Properties.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Catheter-dilatation (percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty=PTA) of @entity5 can be applied successfully and without major risk even in @entity0 with high operative risks. Therefore, the indication for the diagnostic evaluation of @entity5 should be expanded to all @entity0 suspected to have @entity6 . Excretory urography combined with angiotomography offers the possibility to visualize the renal arteries and to either detect or exclude @entity5 . In the first part results of this procedure are presented. The bolus injection have been carried out on 415 @entity0 without any serious side-effects. Using angiotomography 49 @entity5 , 1 @entity4 and 1 AV @entity3 could be detected. Catheter-angiograms, angiotomograms and conventional rapid sequence urograms were compared in 91 @entity0 . For angiotomography a sensitivity for the presence of @entity5 of 93% and a specifity for the absence of @entity5 of 99% can be attained. In the second part, the results of PTA of @entity5 in 35 @entity0 are described. PTA was technically successful in 29 @entity0 (83%). Three clinically silent complications are reported. In a mean follow-up period of 8,2-months, @entity1 was normalized in 13 (45%) and improved in 10 (34%) @entity0 . @entity2 could be normalized in 7 out of 11 @entity0 . These results make PTA the method of choice in treating @entity6 . Only if this method is not applicable or technically not feasible, is the alternative for treatment surgical revascularization or conservative antihypertensive therapy.

title: [New developments in diagnosis and treatment of XXXX (author's transl)].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: For the surgical treatment of recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothoraces (rPSP) different operative therapies are applied to achieve permanent freedom from recurrence. METHODS/DESIGN: This multicenter clinical trial evaluates the long-term results of two commonly applied surgical techniques for the treatment of rPSP. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and after obtaining the @entity0 ' informed consent, @entity0 are randomized into the two surgical treatment arms: pulmonary wedge resection plus parietal pleurectomy (WRPP) or parietal pleurectomy alone (PP). Consecutively, all study @entity0 will be followed up for two years to evaluate the surgical long-term effect. The primary efficacy endpoint is the recurrence rate of @entity1 within 24  months after surgery. The calculated sample size is 360 @entity0 (n   =   180 per treatment arm) to prove superiority of one of the two treatments. So far, 22 surgical sites have submitted their declaration of commitment, giving the estimated number of participating @entity0 . DISCUSSION: A prospective randomized clinical trial has been started to compare two established surgical therapies to evaluate the long-term results regarding recurrence rates. Furthermore, cost of treatment, and influence on the perioperative morbidity and mortality as well as on quality of life are analyzed. If the study reveals equivalence for both surgical techniques, unnecessary pulmonary resections could be avoided. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials gov: NCT01855464 , 06.05 2013.

title: Pulmonary wedge resection plus parietal pleurectomy (WRPP) versus parietal pleurectomy (PP) for the treatment of recurrent primary XXXX (WOPP trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 are common in older adolescent and adult female soccer players, and abnormal valgus knee appearance characterized by low normalized knee separation (NKS) is a proposed @entity1 factor. What constitutes normal NKS in younger adolescents and whether low NKS is an @entity1 factor are unknown. PURPOSE: To determine the normal range of NKS using a drop-jump test in female perimenarchal youth soccer players and whether low NKS contributes to lower @entity1 or @entity2 . STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: From 2008 to 2012, a total of 351 female elite youth soccer players (age range, 11-14 years) were followed for 1 season, with complete follow-up on 92.3% of players. Baseline drop-jump testing was performed preseason. Lower @entity1 during the season were identified using a validated, Internet-based injury surveillance system with weekly email reporting. Normalized knee separation at prelanding, landing, and takeoff was categorized 2 ways: as  <=10th percentile (most extreme valgus appearance) compared with >10th percentile and as a continuous measure of 1 SD. Poisson regression modeling with adjustment for clustering by team estimated the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association between the NKS and the risk of lower extremity and @entity2 , stratified by menarche. RESULTS: Of the study @entity0 , 134 players experienced 173 lower @entity1 , with 43 (24.9%) @entity2 . For postmenarchal players (n = 210), those with NKS  <=10th percentile were at 92% increased risk of @entity1 (RR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.17-3.15) and a 3.62-fold increased risk of @entity2 (RR, 3.62; 95% CI, 1.18-11.09) compared with NKS >10th percentile at prelanding and landing, respectively. Among postmenarchal players, there was an 80% increased risk of @entity2 (RR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.01-3.23) with a decrease of 1 SD in landing NKS and a 66% increased risk of @entity2 (RR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.04-2.64) with a decrease of 1 SD in takeoff NKS. Among premenarchal players (n = 141), there was no statistically significant association between the NKS at prelanding, landing, and takeoff and the risk of lower extremity or @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Low NKS was associated with increased risk of lower extremity and @entity2 only among postmenarchal players.

title: Is Knee Separation During a Drop Jump Associated With XXXX in Adolescent Female Soccer Players?

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA)    endoscopic resection (EMR) is an established treatment strategy for neoplastic @entity1 . Most @entity0 are managed with proton pump inhibitors. The incidence of recurrent @entity2 , @entity3 , or @entity1 after complete eradication is up to 43  % using this strategy. We hypothesize the addition of fundoplication should result in a lower recurrence rates after complete eradication. METHODS: Multi-institutional retrospective review of @entity0 undergoing endotherapy followed by Nissen fundoplication RESULTS: A total of 49 @entity0 underwent RFA    EMR followed by Nissen fundoplication. Complete remission of intestinal metaplasia (CR-IM) was achieved in 26 (53  %) @entity0 , complete remission of @entity3 (CR-D) in 16 (33  %) @entity0 , and 7 (14  %) had persistent neoplastic Barrett's. After fundoplication, 18/26 (70  %) remained in CR-IM. An additional 10/16 CR-D achieved CR-IM and 4/7 with persistent @entity3 achieved CR-IM. One @entity0 progressed to LGD while no @entity0 developed HGD or @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Endoscopic therapy for @entity2 and/or intramucosal @entity1 followed by fundoplication results in similar durability of CR-IM to @entity0 being managed with PPIs alone after endoscopic therapy. However, fundoplication may be superior in preventing further progression of disease and the development of @entity1 . Fundoplication is an important strategy to achieve and maintain CR-IM, and facilitate eradication of persistent @entity3 .

title: The Durability of Endoscopic Therapy for Treatment of XXXX , @entity3 , and Mucosal Cancer After Nissen Fundoplication.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA)    endoscopic resection (EMR) is an established treatment strategy for neoplastic @entity1 . Most @entity0 are managed with proton pump inhibitors. The incidence of recurrent @entity2 , @entity3 , or @entity1 after complete eradication is up to 43  % using this strategy. We hypothesize the addition of fundoplication should result in a lower recurrence rates after complete eradication. METHODS: Multi-institutional retrospective review of @entity0 undergoing endotherapy followed by Nissen fundoplication RESULTS: A total of 49 @entity0 underwent RFA    EMR followed by Nissen fundoplication. Complete remission of intestinal metaplasia (CR-IM) was achieved in 26 (53  %) @entity0 , complete remission of @entity3 (CR-D) in 16 (33  %) @entity0 , and 7 (14  %) had persistent neoplastic Barrett's. After fundoplication, 18/26 (70  %) remained in CR-IM. An additional 10/16 CR-D achieved CR-IM and 4/7 with persistent @entity3 achieved CR-IM. One @entity0 progressed to LGD while no @entity0 developed HGD or @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Endoscopic therapy for @entity2 and/or intramucosal @entity1 followed by fundoplication results in similar durability of CR-IM to @entity0 being managed with PPIs alone after endoscopic therapy. However, fundoplication may be superior in preventing further progression of disease and the development of @entity1 . Fundoplication is an important strategy to achieve and maintain CR-IM, and facilitate eradication of persistent @entity3 .

title: The Durability of Endoscopic Therapy for Treatment of @entity2 , XXXX , and Mucosal Cancer After Nissen Fundoplication.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In a group of 95 @entity0 having cardiac operations with extracorporeal circulation, intravenous (IV) @entity10 , administered in doses of 2.5 to 5 mg/kg, was used in the treatment of various perioperative @entity4 . Conversion to sinus rhythm was achieved in 55 (61%) of 90 @entity0 with @entity4 , the other @entity0 showing a satisfactory slowing of their heart rate. Total suppression and control was obtained in 18 @entity0 with persistent @entity7 associated with various @entity4 . @entity10 was administered in five @entity0 with life-threatening @entity4 resistant to other antiarrhythmic agents: Suppression was obtained in one of two @entity0 with recurrent @entity5 and control was achieved in three @entity0 with repetitive @entity5 and @entity9 , allowing the effective use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) needed for hemodynamic support. Seven @entity0 experienced minor side effects such as @entity1 or @entity8 . No complete @entity3 was noted. Significant @entity2 occurred at the end of the IV injection in 17 (18%) @entity0 . In all but five @entity0 , hypotenion was transient, without clinical complications. In the five others, adrenergic drugs in four cases and IABP in one case were necessary. Those five @entity0 had marked @entity6 with poor myocardial contractility. IV bolus injection of @entity10 seems prohibited in such @entity0 ; constant infusion would be preferable.

title: Intravenous XXXX in the treatment of various @entity4 following cardiac operations.

answer: @entity10


abstract: In a group of 95 @entity0 having cardiac operations with extracorporeal circulation, intravenous (IV) @entity10 , administered in doses of 2.5 to 5 mg/kg, was used in the treatment of various perioperative @entity4 . Conversion to sinus rhythm was achieved in 55 (61%) of 90 @entity0 with @entity4 , the other @entity0 showing a satisfactory slowing of their heart rate. Total suppression and control was obtained in 18 @entity0 with persistent @entity7 associated with various @entity4 . @entity10 was administered in five @entity0 with life-threatening @entity4 resistant to other antiarrhythmic agents: Suppression was obtained in one of two @entity0 with recurrent @entity5 and control was achieved in three @entity0 with repetitive @entity5 and @entity9 , allowing the effective use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) needed for hemodynamic support. Seven @entity0 experienced minor side effects such as @entity1 or @entity8 . No complete @entity3 was noted. Significant @entity2 occurred at the end of the IV injection in 17 (18%) @entity0 . In all but five @entity0 , hypotenion was transient, without clinical complications. In the five others, adrenergic drugs in four cases and IABP in one case were necessary. Those five @entity0 had marked @entity6 with poor myocardial contractility. IV bolus injection of @entity10 seems prohibited in such @entity0 ; constant infusion would be preferable.

title: Intravenous @entity10 in the treatment of various XXXX following cardiac operations.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is widely used to treat @entity1 , but monitoring in @entity0 is challenging. Both activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and anti- @entity2 activity (anti-Xa) are utilized, but a comparison of dosing nomograms has not been reported in pediatrics. OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of aPTT and anti-Xa for UFH monitoring in pediatric @entity0 . DESIGN/METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in @entity0  <=  21  years old treated with UFH at Johns Hopkins Hospital from January 2009 to May 2011. For monitoring, an aPTT nomogram was used for the initial 15  months, and an anti-Xa nomogram was used for the subsequent 12  months. Clinical characteristics, laboratory data and outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-four @entity0 were monitored with aPTT and 26 patients with anti-Xa. There was no significant difference in median time to therapeutic range (11.6  h aPTT, 95%CI  =  6.0-17.0; 9.9  h anti-Xa, 95%CI  =  7.3-20.7) or per cent of @entity0 achieving therapeutic measurements at 24 (79% aPTT, 95%CI  =  62-91; 73% anti-Xa, 95%CI  =  52-88) and 48  h (88% aPTT, 95%CI  =  73-97; 96% anti-Xa, 95%CI  =  80-100). However, anti-Xa measurements were more frequently therapeutic than aPTT (74% [95%CI  =  69-78] vs. 54% [95%CI  =  50-59]). Variance between anti-Xa and aPTT measurements was high (R(2)   =  0.236). No significant difference was seen in bleeding incidence (9% aPTT, 95%CI  =  2-24; 15% anti-Xa, 95%CI  =  4-35). CONCLUSION: The time to achieve therapeutic measures and bleeding outcomes were not significantly different between anti-Xa and aPTT nomograms. However, a small study size limits the power to detect clinically relevant differences. The results warrant larger prospective studies of UFH monitoring in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Retrospective cohort study comparing activated partial thromboplastin time versus anti- XXXX activity nomograms for therapeutic unfractionated heparin monitoring in pediatrics.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between weight change and healthcare resource use (HCRU) and costs in English primary care @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) initiating treatment with a new @entity1 medication class. METHODS: @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 initiating a new @entity1 medication class (first-line, switch or add-on treatment) were selected from Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Weight change (index date) was measured 6 months after initiating new treatment. HCRU was derived up to 1 year after index. Adjusted analyses evaluated the association between weight change and HCRU and costs ( @entity4 , 2013 prices). RESULTS: Of 9031 @entity0 , about half (n = 4901) experienced < 3% weight change (weight neutral); the proportions gaining or losing weight were similar. Compared with the weight neutral group, @entity3 was associated with significantly increased total costs within a year (3.0-5.4% @entity3 :   58.9; p = 0.01, >=  5.5% @entity3 :   52.9; p = 0.04) and @entity1 primary care costs (3.0-5.4% @entity3 :   29.2; p < 0.001, >=  5.5% @entity3 :   34.2; p < 0.001). This included increased rates of prescribing drugs for @entity1 and, in >=  5.5% @entity3 , increased primary care contacts. A >=  5.5% weight loss was associated with increased hospital admissions (odds ratio = 1.4; p < 0.0001) and total costs (  126.3; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity3 after initiating a new @entity2 -lowering medication is associated with increased prescribing and contact with primary care clinicians, with increased costs in primary care and total spending. This study supports that @entity3 in @entity1 is associated with increased healthcare costs.

title: Weight change and healthcare resource use in English @entity0 with XXXX initiating a new @entity1 medication class.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between weight change and healthcare resource use (HCRU) and costs in English primary care @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) initiating treatment with a new @entity1 medication class. METHODS: @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 initiating a new @entity1 medication class (first-line, switch or add-on treatment) were selected from Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Weight change (index date) was measured 6 months after initiating new treatment. HCRU was derived up to 1 year after index. Adjusted analyses evaluated the association between weight change and HCRU and costs ( @entity4 , 2013 prices). RESULTS: Of 9031 @entity0 , about half (n = 4901) experienced < 3% weight change (weight neutral); the proportions gaining or losing weight were similar. Compared with the weight neutral group, @entity3 was associated with significantly increased total costs within a year (3.0-5.4% @entity3 :   58.9; p = 0.01, >=  5.5% @entity3 :   52.9; p = 0.04) and @entity1 primary care costs (3.0-5.4% @entity3 :   29.2; p < 0.001, >=  5.5% @entity3 :   34.2; p < 0.001). This included increased rates of prescribing drugs for @entity1 and, in >=  5.5% @entity3 , increased primary care contacts. A >=  5.5% weight loss was associated with increased hospital admissions (odds ratio = 1.4; p < 0.0001) and total costs (  126.3; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity3 after initiating a new @entity2 -lowering medication is associated with increased prescribing and contact with primary care clinicians, with increased costs in primary care and total spending. This study supports that @entity3 in @entity1 is associated with increased healthcare costs.

title: Weight change and healthcare resource use in English @entity0 with @entity1 initiating a new XXXX medication class.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between weight change and healthcare resource use (HCRU) and costs in English primary care @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) initiating treatment with a new @entity1 medication class. METHODS: @entity0 diagnosed with @entity1 initiating a new @entity1 medication class (first-line, switch or add-on treatment) were selected from Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Weight change (index date) was measured 6 months after initiating new treatment. HCRU was derived up to 1 year after index. Adjusted analyses evaluated the association between weight change and HCRU and costs ( @entity4 , 2013 prices). RESULTS: Of 9031 @entity0 , about half (n = 4901) experienced < 3% weight change (weight neutral); the proportions gaining or losing weight were similar. Compared with the weight neutral group, @entity3 was associated with significantly increased total costs within a year (3.0-5.4% @entity3 :   58.9; p = 0.01, >=  5.5% @entity3 :   52.9; p = 0.04) and @entity1 primary care costs (3.0-5.4% @entity3 :   29.2; p < 0.001, >=  5.5% @entity3 :   34.2; p < 0.001). This included increased rates of prescribing drugs for @entity1 and, in >=  5.5% @entity3 , increased primary care contacts. A >=  5.5% weight loss was associated with increased hospital admissions (odds ratio = 1.4; p < 0.0001) and total costs (  126.3; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity3 after initiating a new @entity2 -lowering medication is associated with increased prescribing and contact with primary care clinicians, with increased costs in primary care and total spending. This study supports that @entity3 in @entity1 is associated with increased healthcare costs.

title: Weight change and healthcare resource use in English XXXX with @entity1 initiating a new @entity1 medication class.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Planning and evaluating @entity1 control strategies relies on accurate definition of parasite prevalence in the population. A large proportion of asymptomatic @entity0 can only be identified by surveillance with molecular methods, yet these @entity0 also contribute to onward transmission to mosquitoes. The sensitivity of molecular detection by PCR is limited by the abundance of the target sequence in a DNA sample; thus, detection becomes imperfect at low densities. We aimed to increase PCR diagnostic sensitivity by targeting multi-copy genomic sequences for reliable detection of low-density @entity0 , and investigated the impact of these PCR assays on community prevalence data. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Two quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays were developed for ultra-sensitive detection of @entity2 , targeting the high-copy telomere-associated repetitive element 2 (TARE-2,    250 copies/genome) and the var gene acidic terminal sequence (varATS, 59 copies/genome). Our assays reached a limit of detection of 0.03 to 0.15 parasites/ l blood and were 10* more sensitive than standard 18S rRNA qPCR. In a population cross-sectional study in Tanzania, 295/498 samples tested positive using ultra-sensitive assays. Light microscopy missed 169 @entity0 (57%). 18S rRNA qPCR failed to identify 48 @entity0 (16%), of which 40% carried gametocytes detected by pfs25 quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. To judge the suitability of the TARE-2 and varATS assays for high-throughput screens, their performance was tested on sample pools. Both ultra-sensitive assays correctly detected all pools containing one low-density @entity2 -positive sample, which went undetected by 18S rRNA qPCR, among nine negatives. TARE-2 and varATS qPCRs improve estimates of prevalence rates, yet other @entity0 might still remain undetected when absent in the limited blood volume sampled. CONCLUSIONS: Measured @entity1 prevalence in communities is largely determined by the sensitivity of the diagnostic tool used. Even when applying standard molecular diagnostics, prevalence in our study population was underestimated by 8% compared to the new assays. Our findings highlight the need for highly sensitive tools such as TARE-2 and varATS qPCR in community surveillance and for monitoring interventions to better describe @entity1 epidemiology and inform @entity1 elimination efforts.

title: Ultra-Sensitive Detection of XXXX by Amplification of Multi-Copy Subtelomeric Targets.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 receptors (ERs) are overexpressed in approximately 70% of @entity0 cases, and they play an important role in tumorigenesis. ERs are strong predictive factors for measuring responses to hormonal therapies. Aptamers are short and single stranded oligonucleotides that are able to recognize target molecules with high affinity. In the present study, we selected and synthesized an oligonucleotide, which has a similar sequence to @entity4 response element in the @entity7 @entity9 gene. The synthesized oligonucleotide was evaluated by using immunostaining of paraffin-embedded @entity0 tissues and treating MCF-7 @entity1 mammary @entity5 cell line in vitro. We found that the synthesized oligonucleotide had a high binding affinity to ER similar to @entity3 . Using a specific anti-ER antibody as a standard control, we showed that the synthesized oligonucleotide specifically recognized and immunostained @entity2 cells of @entity0 without cross-reaction with normal tissues. The overall agreement of ER detection between the anti-ER antibody and the ER aptamer was 97.1% (kappa value=0.943; 95% CI=0.879-1.006; p<0.002). Similar to @entity6 or @entity8 , the oligonucleotide also had an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation of MCF-7 cell line in a dose- and time-dependent fashion but had no cytotoxic effect on @entity1 normal mammary epithelial cells. Therefore, the synthesized oligonucleotide may be used as an aptamer for immunostaining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections for @entity0 diagnosis, as well as a potential ER antagonist in the treatment of @entity0 .

title: Using a sequence of XXXX response elements as a DNA aptamer for @entity4 receptors in vitro.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 receptors (ERs) are overexpressed in approximately 70% of @entity0 cases, and they play an important role in tumorigenesis. ERs are strong predictive factors for measuring responses to hormonal therapies. Aptamers are short and single stranded oligonucleotides that are able to recognize target molecules with high affinity. In the present study, we selected and synthesized an oligonucleotide, which has a similar sequence to @entity4 response element in the @entity7 @entity9 gene. The synthesized oligonucleotide was evaluated by using immunostaining of paraffin-embedded @entity0 tissues and treating MCF-7 @entity1 mammary @entity5 cell line in vitro. We found that the synthesized oligonucleotide had a high binding affinity to ER similar to @entity3 . Using a specific anti-ER antibody as a standard control, we showed that the synthesized oligonucleotide specifically recognized and immunostained @entity2 cells of @entity0 without cross-reaction with normal tissues. The overall agreement of ER detection between the anti-ER antibody and the ER aptamer was 97.1% (kappa value=0.943; 95% CI=0.879-1.006; p<0.002). Similar to @entity6 or @entity8 , the oligonucleotide also had an inhibitory effect on cell proliferation of MCF-7 cell line in a dose- and time-dependent fashion but had no cytotoxic effect on @entity1 normal mammary epithelial cells. Therefore, the synthesized oligonucleotide may be used as an aptamer for immunostaining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections for @entity0 diagnosis, as well as a potential ER antagonist in the treatment of @entity0 .

title: Using a sequence of @entity4 response elements as a DNA aptamer for XXXX receptors in vitro.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Serum @entity1 , both total and lipoprotein fractions, has been associated with mid- and late-life @entity2 . Using longitudinal data on a large and ethnically diverse sample of urban adults, the associations of serum lipid profile measured by high or low total @entity1 (TC; >200   mg   dl(-1); <160   mg   dl(-1)) and by atherogenic indices, namely high total @entity1 and low-density lipoprotein @entity1 relative to high-density lipoprotein @entity1 , with change in total and domain-specific @entity2 over time were examined. Findings were compared by sex. (Hypothesis 1) In addition, baseline @entity2 as predictors for longitudinal change in lipid profile trajectory were tested. (Hypothesis 2) Mixed-effects regression analyses stratified by sex was used. Sample sizes of @entity0 (n) and repeated observations (n') were: Hypothesis 1 ( @entity0 : n=826 ; n'=1319; @entity0 : n=1099 ; n'=1817); Hypothesis 2 ( @entity0 : n=738; n'=1230; @entity0 : n=964; n'=1678). As hypothesized, a higher level of atherogenic indices was linked to faster increase in @entity2 symptom scores, particularly @entity2 affect and interpersonal problems, though this relationship was found only among @entity0 . Among @entity0 a U-shaped relationship between baseline TC and longitudinal increase in somatic complaints and a direct link between low TC and longitudinal putative improvement in positive affect was found. On excluding statin users among @entity0 , low TC was associated with slower increase in @entity2 affect over time, whereas high TC was associated with faster increase in interpersonal problems. In summary, atherogenic indices were directly linked to faster increase in @entity2 among @entity0 only. More studies are needed to explain these sex-specific associations.

title: Total serum @entity1 , atherogenic indices and their longitudinal association with XXXX among US adults.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Serum @entity1 , both total and lipoprotein fractions, has been associated with mid- and late-life @entity2 . Using longitudinal data on a large and ethnically diverse sample of urban adults, the associations of serum lipid profile measured by high or low total @entity1 (TC; >200   mg   dl(-1); <160   mg   dl(-1)) and by atherogenic indices, namely high total @entity1 and low-density lipoprotein @entity1 relative to high-density lipoprotein @entity1 , with change in total and domain-specific @entity2 over time were examined. Findings were compared by sex. (Hypothesis 1) In addition, baseline @entity2 as predictors for longitudinal change in lipid profile trajectory were tested. (Hypothesis 2) Mixed-effects regression analyses stratified by sex was used. Sample sizes of @entity0 (n) and repeated observations (n') were: Hypothesis 1 ( @entity0 : n=826 ; n'=1319; @entity0 : n=1099 ; n'=1817); Hypothesis 2 ( @entity0 : n=738; n'=1230; @entity0 : n=964; n'=1678). As hypothesized, a higher level of atherogenic indices was linked to faster increase in @entity2 symptom scores, particularly @entity2 affect and interpersonal problems, though this relationship was found only among @entity0 . Among @entity0 a U-shaped relationship between baseline TC and longitudinal increase in somatic complaints and a direct link between low TC and longitudinal putative improvement in positive affect was found. On excluding statin users among @entity0 , low TC was associated with slower increase in @entity2 affect over time, whereas high TC was associated with faster increase in interpersonal problems. In summary, atherogenic indices were directly linked to faster increase in @entity2 among @entity0 only. More studies are needed to explain these sex-specific associations.

title: Total serum XXXX , atherogenic indices and their longitudinal association with @entity2 among US adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To evaluate the frequency, risk factors, and clinical significance of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) found after radiofrequency (RF) ablation for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Materials and Methods Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective study. Between March 2005 and December 2010, 539 @entity0 (414 @entity0 , 125 @entity0 ; mean age, 57.91 years; age range, 30-82 years) underwent ultrasonography-guided percutaneous RF ablation as a first-line treatment for a single @entity4 classified as @entity2 ( @entity2 ) stage 0 or A. @entity3 of @entity4 was defined as (a) initial @entity1 recurrence with disease-free status at least 6 months after initial RF ablation and (b) the simultaneous development of multiple nodular (at least three) or infiltrative @entity1 recurrence in the treated segment. @entity0 were stratified into two groups: those with @entity3 (n = 20) and those without @entity3 (n = 519) during follow-up. Risk factors for @entity3 were assessed with logistic regression analysis, and risk factors for long-term overall survival were assessed with time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models. Results In a median follow-up period of 49 months (range, 6-95 months), @entity3 was observed in 3.7% of the @entity0 (20 of 539 @entity0 ), with the frequency increasing to 15% in the subgroup with periportal @entity4 (11 of 72 @entity0 ). AIRs manifested as either multiple nodular type (n = 14, @entity2 stage A or B) or diffusely infiltrative type with @entity1 thrombus formation (n = 6, @entity2 stage C). At multivariate analysis, @entity1 location and younger @entity0 age were significant risk factors for @entity3 . The presence of @entity3 during the follow-up period has a significant effect on the overall survival rate (hazard ratio = 5.72, P = .002). Conclusion The overall frequency of @entity3 after RF ablation for @entity4 was low, with periportal location and @entity0 age showing a significant relationship to the development of @entity3 . The occurrence of @entity3 had an adverse effect on overall survival rate. (  ) RSNA, 2015.

title: Aggressive Intrasegmental Recurrence of XXXX after Radiofrequency Ablation: Risk Factors and Clinical Significance.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Unexpected plasma @entity2 responses to different mixed meals fed to normal and @entity1 volunteers have recently been reported. We have therefore examined in normal volunteers the effect of mixing @entity5 foods of different glycemic indices (GIs) without the addition of fat and protein. The observed GI of the mixed meal was within 2% of the expected value. In studies in the literature where fat and protein were added to mixed meals, the observed blood @entity2 responses also related significantly to the meal GIs calculated from the individual foods. Addition of fat and protein in the quantities used did not obscure this relationship. Studies to determine sources of error in comparing glycemic responses showed that @entity4 @entity1 @entity0 displayed the least within-individual variation, and type I @entity1 @entity0 the most. Expression of results as the GI rather than as absolute glycemic response areas reduced by 50% the between-subject variation. The mean GI values of @entity3 tested in type I and @entity4 @entity0 were similar (82 +/- 22 compared with 74 +/- 19) and the reproducibility 22 mo later in the same group of subjects was excellent (81 +/- 15 compared with 83 +/- 15). However, the lack of precise GI values for all foods fed in the test meals indicates a need for GI values to be derived for a wider range of individual foodstuffs. The GI approach to classifying foods according to physiologic effect may play a useful role in planning meals and diets in which specific blood @entity2 profiles are required.

title: Prediction of the relative blood XXXX response of mixed meals using the white bread glycemic index.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity2 is a crucial problem for Mongolian @entity0 , little information about @entity3 , which is well known to be associated with the development of @entity2 , is available in Mongolia. The aim of this study was to observe the epidemiological features of @entity3 in a general Mongolian population. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed in 1911 general Mongolian subjects (717 @entity0 , 1194 @entity0 ), who were >= 40 years old and free of @entity5 , by using a dataset from a nationwide population-based cohort study in Mongolia. The prevalence of @entity3 , as defined by International @entity1 Federation criteria, was determined. @entity4 consumption, smoking habits, and physical activity were evaluated. Education, marital status, income, and occupation were also examined as factors of socioeconomic status (SES). Their association with @entity3 was determined by logistic regression models. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity3 was significantly higher in @entity0 (n=488, 40.6%) than in @entity0 (n=138, 19.4%). The prevalence of @entity3 was high, especially in the Khangai region, in @entity0 . Moderate-to-high @entity4 consumption was a significantly positively associated factor of @entity3 in @entity0 [odds ratio (OR)=2.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-3.51; adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.41; 95% CI 1.31-4.44] and widowed status was a significantly positively associated factor of @entity3 in @entity0 (OR=1.61, 95% CI 1.18-2.18; AOR=1.49, 95% CI 1.07-2.08). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 was prevalent in @entity0 compared with @entity0 among Mongolian adults. Preventive strategies aimed at @entity0 with a higher @entity4 consumption and @entity0 with widowed status may help reduce @entity3 , thereby improving @entity2 conditions in Mongolia.

title: Epidemiologic Features of XXXX in a General Mongolian Population.

answer: @entity3


abstract: From January 1976 - end of 1979, 427 @entity0 with cervical @entity1 were treated in the Department of Gynaecology, University of Hong Kong. Twenty-seven (6%) had primary @entity2 . Eighteen @entity0 with stage I and early stage II were treated by preoperative irradiation and Wertheim hysterectomy. Serial cervical biopsies were taken to assess the response to radiotherapy. All the cervical biopsies as well as the surgical specimens were read by the same pathologist. 83% showed residual dividing @entity1 cells in the surgical specimens. One hundred and forty-five @entity0 with early @entity1 were similarly treated during the same period; only 13% had @entity1 in the specimens (chi square test p is less than 0.001). All the @entity0 are being followed up regularly. Fifteen @entity0 with early cervical @entity2 are free from disease. The shortest period of follow-up is 5 1/4 years.

title: Combined treatment in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: Pedometers and accelerometers have recently become applicable for not only monitoring but increasing level of physical activity (PA). We summarize the effects of pedometer- and accelerometer-based exercise interventions on @entity1 metabolism in subjects with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). METHODS: We searched intervention studies that investigated the effects of step-defined exercise interventions using pedometers and accelerometers on the levels of @entity1 metabolism markers, such as plasma @entity1 and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), in adult subjects with type 2 @entity0 . The study characteristics and findings of @entity1 metabolism markers were reviewed. RESULTS: Of 16 eligible studies reviewed, significant improvements in @entity1 metabolism markers were found in the intervention group compared to that observed in the control group in six studies: the HbA1c level in four studies, both the HbA1c and plasma @entity1 levels in one study and continuous @entity1 monitoring in one study. Four of these six studies emphasized a significance of PA intensity in addition to PA amount. Five studies found a significant increase in the number of steps, but only one of these studies showed significant reductions in @entity1 metabolism markers. No studies demonstrated a dose-response relationship between changes in the number of steps and @entity1 metabolism markers. CONCLUSION: Limited studies showed significant improvements in @entity1 metabolism markers and steps among subjects with type 2 @entity0 . Future studies are needed regarding how to use pedometers and accelerometers to achieve improvements in @entity1 metabolism with increases in PA in such subjects, especially more focus on PA intensity.

title: Pedometer- and accelerometer-based exercise in subjects with XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Ovaries from sexually mature virgin @entity1 were dissected free on both sides and cannulated in situ via that part of the aortic segment supplying the ovarian arteries. The ovaries were mounted in a closed, recirculating perfusion system for oxygenation in vitro. Ovulation was induced by @entity0 chorionic gonadotropin ( @entity5 ) given either i.v. (100 IU) or directly into the perfusion medium (20 IU). @entity2 occurred in 42 out of a total of 54 ovaries. The in vivo route of @entity5 administration was found to be most efficient, with ovulations occurring after a mean of 11.5 h, which corresponds well with the incidence of ovulations in situ. The prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, @entity6 , totally abolished the @entity5 -induced ovulations. beta-Adrenoreceptor stimulation in vitro with @entity7 or with @entity3 in the presence of alpha-receptor blockade with @entity8 caused a significantly increased number of gonadotropin-induced ovulations. @entity9 or @entity8 given alone reduced the number of ruptured follicles. @entity3 (in the absence of @entity5 ) and @entity4 augmented the incidence of ovulation. The results indicate that local adrenoreceptor mechanisms participate in the process of ovulation, both via alpha-adrenoreceptors (probably affecting the follicular smooth musculature) and beta-adrenoreceptors (possibly through some trophic or endocrine mechanism other than a mechanical factor).

title: Influence of adrenoreceptor agonists and antagonists on ovulation in the XXXX ovary perfused in vitro.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An in vitro system was devised for studying phosphorylation of @entity1 axonemal proteins. Many of the polypeptides phosphorylated in this system could be identified as previously described axonemal components that are phosphorylated in vivo. The in vitro system apparently preserved the activities of diverse axonemal kinases without greatly altering the substrate specificity of the enzymes. The in vitro system was used to study the effect of @entity0 concentration on axonemal protein phosphorylation. @entity0 has previously been demonstrated to initiate the axonemal reversal reaction of the photophobic response; the in vitro system made it possible to investigate the possibility that this @entity0 effect is mediated by protein phosphorylation. @entity0 specifically altered the phosphorylation of only two axonemal proteins; the phosphorylation of an otherwise unidentified 85,000 Mr protein was repressed by @entity0 concentrations greater than or equal to 10(-6) M, while the phosphorylation of the previously identified 95,000 Mr protein b4 was stimulated by @entity0 at concentrations greater than 10(-6) M. Protein b4 is one of six polypeptides that are deficient in the mbo mutants, strains that do not exhibit a photophobic reversal reaction. Therefore, this @entity0 -stimulated phosphorylation may be involved in initiating the photophobic response. Neither calmodulin nor the C-kinase could be implicated in b4 phosphorylation. The @entity0 -dependent activation of the b4 kinase was not affected by several drugs that bind to and inhibit calmodulin, or by the addition of exogenous calmodulin. Activators and inhibitors of the @entity0 -phospholipid-dependent C kinase also had no effect on b4 phosphorylation.

title: Phosphorylation in isolated XXXX axonemes: a phosphoprotein may mediate the Ca2+-dependent photophobic response.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The involvement of soluble growth-promoting factors in stretch-induced @entity3 of the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in the @entity4 wing was investigated. Soluble extracts were prepared from young @entity4 @entity1 muscles made @entity3 by passive stretch and from unstretched contralateral controls. Extracts were tested for their ability to stimulate cell proliferation and @entity2 phosphokinase (CPK) activity in primary monolayer cultures of @entity4 embryo muscle cells. Factors were present in muscle extracts which showed a dose-dependent stimulation of cell proliferation and CPK activity in vitro. Passive stretch for 5 days produced a rapid @entity3 of the @entity1 which was accompanied by a dramatic increase in the activity of the growth factor(s). Release of stretch resulted in an arrest of growth and an immediate fall in growth factor activity. The difference in growth-stimulating activity between control and stretched @entity1 extracts could be demonstrated in @entity4 transferrin-sensitive @entity4 myoblast cultures. Stretch thus induces an increase in a class-specific growth factor, possibly Transferrin, in the @entity1 . Stretched @entity1 extracts stimulated: (a) @entity4 myoblast proliferation to a greater extent than an optimum concentration of @entity4 embryo extract, and (b) CPK activity in vitro to a greater extent than excess Transferrin. Both control and stretched @entity1 extracts supported the growth of @entity0 myoblasts. We conclude that @entity1 muscle extracts also contain unknown growth factor(s) which are different from Transferrin.

title: Stretch-induced growth in XXXX wing muscles: role of soluble growth-promoting factors.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Assessing driving aptitude in @entity3 @entity0 is critically important for both @entity0 and public safety. However, there have been only a few reports on the driving behaviours and accident risk of @entity0 with @entity3 , especially @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Therefore, we compared the characteristics of driving behaviours in @entity0 with @entity4 and those with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: The subjects were 28 @entity4 and 67 @entity2 @entity0 who visited the Department of Psychiatry, Kochi Medical School Hospital. We conducted semi-structured interviews with their families and caregivers about traffic accident history and changes in @entity0 driving behaviours after @entity3 onset and then compared the findings between the two groups. RESULTS: Overall changes in driving behaviours were reported in 89% (25/28) and 76% (51/67) of the @entity4 and @entity2 @entity0 , respectively (P = 0.17). In the @entity4 group, difficulty in judging inter-vehicle distances, ignoring road signs and traffic signals, and distraction were reported in 50% (14/28), 61% (17/28), and 50% (14/28) of @entity0 , respectively, and 75% (21/28) @entity0 had caused a traffic accident after @entity3 onset. The risk of causing an accident was higher in the @entity4 group than in the @entity2 group (odds ratio = 10.4, 95% confidence interval = 3.7-29.1). In addition, the mean duration between @entity3 onset and a traffic accident was 1.35 years in the @entity4 group compared with 3.0 years in the @entity2 group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity4 were more likely to show dangerous driving behaviours than those with @entity2 , and the risk of causing a traffic accident may be higher in @entity0 with @entity4 from an @entity1 stage.

title: Comparing the driving behaviours of individuals with XXXX and those with @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Assessing driving aptitude in @entity3 @entity0 is critically important for both @entity0 and public safety. However, there have been only a few reports on the driving behaviours and accident risk of @entity0 with @entity3 , especially @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Therefore, we compared the characteristics of driving behaviours in @entity0 with @entity4 and those with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: The subjects were 28 @entity4 and 67 @entity2 @entity0 who visited the Department of Psychiatry, Kochi Medical School Hospital. We conducted semi-structured interviews with their families and caregivers about traffic accident history and changes in @entity0 driving behaviours after @entity3 onset and then compared the findings between the two groups. RESULTS: Overall changes in driving behaviours were reported in 89% (25/28) and 76% (51/67) of the @entity4 and @entity2 @entity0 , respectively (P = 0.17). In the @entity4 group, difficulty in judging inter-vehicle distances, ignoring road signs and traffic signals, and distraction were reported in 50% (14/28), 61% (17/28), and 50% (14/28) of @entity0 , respectively, and 75% (21/28) @entity0 had caused a traffic accident after @entity3 onset. The risk of causing an accident was higher in the @entity4 group than in the @entity2 group (odds ratio = 10.4, 95% confidence interval = 3.7-29.1). In addition, the mean duration between @entity3 onset and a traffic accident was 1.35 years in the @entity4 group compared with 3.0 years in the @entity2 group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity4 were more likely to show dangerous driving behaviours than those with @entity2 , and the risk of causing a traffic accident may be higher in @entity0 with @entity4 from an @entity1 stage.

title: Comparing the driving behaviours of individuals with @entity4 and those with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Phytohormone @entity1 (SA) is a crucial component of plant-induced defense against biotrophic pathogens. Although the key players of the SA pathway are known, there are still gaps in the understanding of the molecular mechanism and the regulation of particular steps. In our previous research, we showed in @entity0 suspension cells that @entity2 , which specifically modulates @entity5 activity, significantly suppresses the transcription of the pathogenesis related ( @entity6 ) gene, which is generally accepted as the SA pathway marker. In the presented study, we have investigated the site of @entity2 action in the SA pathway. We were able to show in @entity0 plants treated with SA that @entity2 inhibits the transcription of defense genes ( @entity6 , @entity7 ). Fluorescence microscopy of @entity0 mutants expressing 35S:: @entity3 -GFP (nonexpressor pathogenesis related 1) revealed significantly decreased nuclear localization of @entity3 in the presence of @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity2 did not decrease the nuclear localization of @entity3 in 35S::npr1C82A-GFP and 35S::npr1C216A-GFP mutants constitutively expressing @entity3 monomers. Mass spectrometric analysis of plant extracts showed that @entity2 significantly changes the metabolic fingerprinting while @entity4 had no effect. We found groups of the plant metabolites, influenced differently by SA and @entity2 treatment. Thus, we proposed several metabolites as markers for @entity2 action.

title: XXXX affects translocation of @entity3 to the nucleus in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Phytohormone @entity1 (SA) is a crucial component of plant-induced defense against biotrophic pathogens. Although the key players of the SA pathway are known, there are still gaps in the understanding of the molecular mechanism and the regulation of particular steps. In our previous research, we showed in @entity0 suspension cells that @entity2 , which specifically modulates @entity5 activity, significantly suppresses the transcription of the pathogenesis related ( @entity6 ) gene, which is generally accepted as the SA pathway marker. In the presented study, we have investigated the site of @entity2 action in the SA pathway. We were able to show in @entity0 plants treated with SA that @entity2 inhibits the transcription of defense genes ( @entity6 , @entity7 ). Fluorescence microscopy of @entity0 mutants expressing 35S:: @entity3 -GFP (nonexpressor pathogenesis related 1) revealed significantly decreased nuclear localization of @entity3 in the presence of @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity2 did not decrease the nuclear localization of @entity3 in 35S::npr1C82A-GFP and 35S::npr1C216A-GFP mutants constitutively expressing @entity3 monomers. Mass spectrometric analysis of plant extracts showed that @entity2 significantly changes the metabolic fingerprinting while @entity4 had no effect. We found groups of the plant metabolites, influenced differently by SA and @entity2 treatment. Thus, we proposed several metabolites as markers for @entity2 action.

title: @entity5 affects translocation of XXXX to the nucleus in @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Phytohormone @entity1 (SA) is a crucial component of plant-induced defense against biotrophic pathogens. Although the key players of the SA pathway are known, there are still gaps in the understanding of the molecular mechanism and the regulation of particular steps. In our previous research, we showed in @entity0 suspension cells that @entity2 , which specifically modulates @entity5 activity, significantly suppresses the transcription of the pathogenesis related ( @entity6 ) gene, which is generally accepted as the SA pathway marker. In the presented study, we have investigated the site of @entity2 action in the SA pathway. We were able to show in @entity0 plants treated with SA that @entity2 inhibits the transcription of defense genes ( @entity6 , @entity7 ). Fluorescence microscopy of @entity0 mutants expressing 35S:: @entity3 -GFP (nonexpressor pathogenesis related 1) revealed significantly decreased nuclear localization of @entity3 in the presence of @entity2 . On the other hand, @entity2 did not decrease the nuclear localization of @entity3 in 35S::npr1C82A-GFP and 35S::npr1C216A-GFP mutants constitutively expressing @entity3 monomers. Mass spectrometric analysis of plant extracts showed that @entity2 significantly changes the metabolic fingerprinting while @entity4 had no effect. We found groups of the plant metabolites, influenced differently by SA and @entity2 treatment. Thus, we proposed several metabolites as markers for @entity2 action.

title: @entity5 affects translocation of @entity3 to the nucleus in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Activation of the @entity4 branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in response to protein misfolding within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) results in the transient repression of protein synthesis, mediated by the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 ( @entity7 ). This is part of a wider integrated physiological response to maintain @entity6 in the face of ER stress, the dysregulation of which is increasingly associated with a wide range of diseases, @entity2 . In prion-diseased @entity0 , persistently high levels of @entity7 cause sustained translational repression leading to catastrophic @entity5 , resulting in synaptic failure and @entity3 . We previously showed that restoration of global protein synthesis using the @entity4 inhibitor @entity8 was profoundly neuroprotective, preventing clinical disease in prion-infected @entity0 . However, this occured at the cost of @entity1 to secretory tissue, where UPR activation is essential to healthy functioning. Here we show that pharmacological modulation of @entity7 -P-mediated translational inhibition can be achieved to produce neuroprotection without pancreatic @entity1 . We found that treatment with the small molecule ISRIB, which restores translation downstream of @entity7 , conferred neuroprotection in prion-diseased @entity0 without adverse effects on the pancreas. Critically, ISRIB treatment resulted in only partial restoration of global translation rates, as compared with the complete restoration of protein synthesis seen with @entity8 . ISRIB likely provides sufficient rates of protein synthesis for neuronal survival, while allowing some residual protective UPR function in secretory tissue. Thus, fine-tuning the extent of UPR inhibition and subsequent translational de-repression uncouples neuroprotective effects from pancreatic @entity1 . The data support the pursuit of this approach to develop new treatments for a range of @entity2 that are currently incurable.

title: Partial restoration of protein synthesis rates by the small molecule ISRIB prevents @entity2 without pancreatic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Activation of the @entity4 branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in response to protein misfolding within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) results in the transient repression of protein synthesis, mediated by the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 ( @entity7 ). This is part of a wider integrated physiological response to maintain @entity6 in the face of ER stress, the dysregulation of which is increasingly associated with a wide range of diseases, @entity2 . In prion-diseased @entity0 , persistently high levels of @entity7 cause sustained translational repression leading to catastrophic @entity5 , resulting in synaptic failure and @entity3 . We previously showed that restoration of global protein synthesis using the @entity4 inhibitor @entity8 was profoundly neuroprotective, preventing clinical disease in prion-infected @entity0 . However, this occured at the cost of @entity1 to secretory tissue, where UPR activation is essential to healthy functioning. Here we show that pharmacological modulation of @entity7 -P-mediated translational inhibition can be achieved to produce neuroprotection without pancreatic @entity1 . We found that treatment with the small molecule ISRIB, which restores translation downstream of @entity7 , conferred neuroprotection in prion-diseased @entity0 without adverse effects on the pancreas. Critically, ISRIB treatment resulted in only partial restoration of global translation rates, as compared with the complete restoration of protein synthesis seen with @entity8 . ISRIB likely provides sufficient rates of protein synthesis for neuronal survival, while allowing some residual protective UPR function in secretory tissue. Thus, fine-tuning the extent of UPR inhibition and subsequent translational de-repression uncouples neuroprotective effects from pancreatic @entity1 . The data support the pursuit of this approach to develop new treatments for a range of @entity2 that are currently incurable.

title: Partial restoration of protein synthesis rates by the small molecule ISRIB prevents XXXX without pancreatic @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: During @entity4 ( @entity4 ), fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) critically promote disease pathogenesis by aggressively invading the extracellular matrix of the joint. The @entity8 ( @entity8 ) signaling pathway is emerging as a contributor to the anomalous behavior of @entity4 FLS. The receptor protein @entity7 phosphatase a (RPTPa), which is encoded by the @entity11 gene, is a key promoter of @entity8 signaling. The aim of this study was to investigate whether RPTPa mediates FLS @entity3 and @entity4 pathogenesis. METHODS: Through RPTPa knockdown, we assessed FLS gene expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, invasion and migration by Transwell assays, survival by @entity9 and @entity6 staining, adhesion and spreading by immunofluorescence microscopy, and activation of signaling pathways by Western blotting of FLS lysates. @entity5 development was examined in RPTPa-knockout (KO) @entity1 using the K/BxN serum-transfer model. The contribution of radiosensitive and radioresistant cells to disease was evaluated by reciprocal bone marrow transplantation. RESULTS: RPTPa was enriched in the @entity4 synovial lining. RPTPa knockdown impaired @entity4 FLS survival, spreading, migration, invasiveness, and responsiveness to platelet-derived growth factor, @entity0 @entity2 factor, and interleukin-1 stimulation. These phenotypes correlated with increased phosphorylation of @entity10 on inhibitory Y(527) and decreased phosphorylation of @entity8 on stimulatory Y(397) . Treatment of @entity4 FLS with an inhibitor of @entity8 phenocopied the knockdown of RPTPa. RPTPa-KO @entity1 were protected from @entity5 development, which was due to radioresistant cells. CONCLUSION: By regulating the phosphorylation of @entity10 and @entity8 , RPTPa mediates proinflammatory and proinvasive signaling in @entity4 FLS, correlating with the promotion of disease in an FLS-dependent model of @entity4 .

title: Receptor Protein XXXX Phosphatase a-Mediated Enhancement of Rheumatoid Synovial Fibroblast Signaling and Promotion of @entity5 in @entity1 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: During @entity4 ( @entity4 ), fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) critically promote disease pathogenesis by aggressively invading the extracellular matrix of the joint. The @entity8 ( @entity8 ) signaling pathway is emerging as a contributor to the anomalous behavior of @entity4 FLS. The receptor protein @entity7 phosphatase a (RPTPa), which is encoded by the @entity11 gene, is a key promoter of @entity8 signaling. The aim of this study was to investigate whether RPTPa mediates FLS @entity3 and @entity4 pathogenesis. METHODS: Through RPTPa knockdown, we assessed FLS gene expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, invasion and migration by Transwell assays, survival by @entity9 and @entity6 staining, adhesion and spreading by immunofluorescence microscopy, and activation of signaling pathways by Western blotting of FLS lysates. @entity5 development was examined in RPTPa-knockout (KO) @entity1 using the K/BxN serum-transfer model. The contribution of radiosensitive and radioresistant cells to disease was evaluated by reciprocal bone marrow transplantation. RESULTS: RPTPa was enriched in the @entity4 synovial lining. RPTPa knockdown impaired @entity4 FLS survival, spreading, migration, invasiveness, and responsiveness to platelet-derived growth factor, @entity0 @entity2 factor, and interleukin-1 stimulation. These phenotypes correlated with increased phosphorylation of @entity10 on inhibitory Y(527) and decreased phosphorylation of @entity8 on stimulatory Y(397) . Treatment of @entity4 FLS with an inhibitor of @entity8 phenocopied the knockdown of RPTPa. RPTPa-KO @entity1 were protected from @entity5 development, which was due to radioresistant cells. CONCLUSION: By regulating the phosphorylation of @entity10 and @entity8 , RPTPa mediates proinflammatory and proinvasive signaling in @entity4 FLS, correlating with the promotion of disease in an FLS-dependent model of @entity4 .

title: Receptor Protein @entity7 Phosphatase a-Mediated Enhancement of Rheumatoid Synovial Fibroblast Signaling and Promotion of XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: During @entity4 ( @entity4 ), fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) critically promote disease pathogenesis by aggressively invading the extracellular matrix of the joint. The @entity8 ( @entity8 ) signaling pathway is emerging as a contributor to the anomalous behavior of @entity4 FLS. The receptor protein @entity7 phosphatase a (RPTPa), which is encoded by the @entity11 gene, is a key promoter of @entity8 signaling. The aim of this study was to investigate whether RPTPa mediates FLS @entity3 and @entity4 pathogenesis. METHODS: Through RPTPa knockdown, we assessed FLS gene expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, invasion and migration by Transwell assays, survival by @entity9 and @entity6 staining, adhesion and spreading by immunofluorescence microscopy, and activation of signaling pathways by Western blotting of FLS lysates. @entity5 development was examined in RPTPa-knockout (KO) @entity1 using the K/BxN serum-transfer model. The contribution of radiosensitive and radioresistant cells to disease was evaluated by reciprocal bone marrow transplantation. RESULTS: RPTPa was enriched in the @entity4 synovial lining. RPTPa knockdown impaired @entity4 FLS survival, spreading, migration, invasiveness, and responsiveness to platelet-derived growth factor, @entity0 @entity2 factor, and interleukin-1 stimulation. These phenotypes correlated with increased phosphorylation of @entity10 on inhibitory Y(527) and decreased phosphorylation of @entity8 on stimulatory Y(397) . Treatment of @entity4 FLS with an inhibitor of @entity8 phenocopied the knockdown of RPTPa. RPTPa-KO @entity1 were protected from @entity5 development, which was due to radioresistant cells. CONCLUSION: By regulating the phosphorylation of @entity10 and @entity8 , RPTPa mediates proinflammatory and proinvasive signaling in @entity4 FLS, correlating with the promotion of disease in an FLS-dependent model of @entity4 .

title: Receptor Protein @entity7 Phosphatase a-Mediated Enhancement of Rheumatoid Synovial Fibroblast Signaling and Promotion of @entity5 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) might potentially replace absent or injured large intestine, but the enteric nervous system (ENS), a key component, has not been investigated. In various enteric @entity4 in which the @entity3 is derived from aganglionic donor colon, the resulting construct might also be aganglionic, limiting tissue engineering applications in conditions such as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). We hypothesized that @entity3 might contain a diverse population of enteric neuronal subtypes, and that aganglionic @entity3 can be populated by neurons and glia when supplemented with ENS progenitor cells in the form of neurospheres. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity0 and @entity2 organoid units (OU) and multicellular clusters containing epithelium and mesenchyme were isolated from both @entity2 and @entity0 donor tissues, including from normally innervated and aganglionic colon. The OU were seeded onto a biodegradable scaffold and implanted within a host @entity2 , resulting in the growth of @entity3 . Aganglionic @entity2 and @entity0 OU were supplemented with cultured neurospheres to populate the absent ENS not provided by the OU to rescue the @entity5 phenotype. RESULTS: @entity3 demonstrated abundant smooth muscle and clusters of neurons and glia beneath the epithelium and deeper within the mesenchyme. Motor and afferent neuronal subtypes were identified in @entity3 . Aganglionic OU formed @entity3 with absent neural elements, but neurons and glia were abundant when aganglionic OU were supplemented with ENS progenitor cells. CONCLUSION: @entity2 and @entity0 @entity3 contain key components of the ENS that were not previously identified, including glia, neurons, and fundamental neuronal subtypes. @entity3 derived from aganglionic colon can be populated with neurons and glia when supplemented with neurospheres. Combining tissue engineering and cellular replacement therapies represents a new strategy for treating enteric @entity1 , particularly @entity5 .

title: XXXX and @entity2 Tissue-Engineered Colon Exhibit Diverse Neuronal Subtypes and Can Be Populated by Enteric Nervous System Progenitor Cells When Donor Colon Is Aganglionic.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) might potentially replace absent or injured large intestine, but the enteric nervous system (ENS), a key component, has not been investigated. In various enteric @entity4 in which the @entity3 is derived from aganglionic donor colon, the resulting construct might also be aganglionic, limiting tissue engineering applications in conditions such as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). We hypothesized that @entity3 might contain a diverse population of enteric neuronal subtypes, and that aganglionic @entity3 can be populated by neurons and glia when supplemented with ENS progenitor cells in the form of neurospheres. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity0 and @entity2 organoid units (OU) and multicellular clusters containing epithelium and mesenchyme were isolated from both @entity2 and @entity0 donor tissues, including from normally innervated and aganglionic colon. The OU were seeded onto a biodegradable scaffold and implanted within a host @entity2 , resulting in the growth of @entity3 . Aganglionic @entity2 and @entity0 OU were supplemented with cultured neurospheres to populate the absent ENS not provided by the OU to rescue the @entity5 phenotype. RESULTS: @entity3 demonstrated abundant smooth muscle and clusters of neurons and glia beneath the epithelium and deeper within the mesenchyme. Motor and afferent neuronal subtypes were identified in @entity3 . Aganglionic OU formed @entity3 with absent neural elements, but neurons and glia were abundant when aganglionic OU were supplemented with ENS progenitor cells. CONCLUSION: @entity2 and @entity0 @entity3 contain key components of the ENS that were not previously identified, including glia, neurons, and fundamental neuronal subtypes. @entity3 derived from aganglionic colon can be populated with neurons and glia when supplemented with neurospheres. Combining tissue engineering and cellular replacement therapies represents a new strategy for treating enteric @entity1 , particularly @entity5 .

title: @entity0 and XXXX Tissue-Engineered Colon Exhibit Diverse Neuronal Subtypes and Can Be Populated by Enteric Nervous System Progenitor Cells When Donor Colon Is Aganglionic.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A @entity0 @entity1 cell line MCAS, which was derived from mucinous @entity3 , was established. The tissue specimen was obtained on December 1, 1983 and the culture was maintained in Ham's F-12 medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Continuous growth made possible cell transfer every 3-5 days and the seventy-third passage was achieved on August 15, 1984. This cell line has the following characteristics. The doubling time of the MCAS cell line was 27 hours and the saturation density was 5.1 X 10(4)/cm2. The cultured cells appeared monolayer and the cellular arrangement was a pavement-like pattern. Rather large cells with vacuoles in the cytoplasm appeared in the confluent state and PAS staining proved to be positive specifically in these large cells. A chromosomal analysis revealed a peritetraploid tendency. By heterotransplantation of MCAS cells to the nude athymic @entity2 , the @entity1 developed and had both cystic and solid components. The cystic content was mucinous. @entity1 was @entity4 and alcian blue staining was positive. The characteristics of the original mucinous @entity5 have been precisely maintained in this cell line.

title: [Establishment and characterization of a cell line derived from mucinous XXXX of @entity0 ovary].

answer: @entity5


abstract: A @entity0 @entity1 cell line MCAS, which was derived from mucinous @entity3 , was established. The tissue specimen was obtained on December 1, 1983 and the culture was maintained in Ham's F-12 medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Continuous growth made possible cell transfer every 3-5 days and the seventy-third passage was achieved on August 15, 1984. This cell line has the following characteristics. The doubling time of the MCAS cell line was 27 hours and the saturation density was 5.1 X 10(4)/cm2. The cultured cells appeared monolayer and the cellular arrangement was a pavement-like pattern. Rather large cells with vacuoles in the cytoplasm appeared in the confluent state and PAS staining proved to be positive specifically in these large cells. A chromosomal analysis revealed a peritetraploid tendency. By heterotransplantation of MCAS cells to the nude athymic @entity2 , the @entity1 developed and had both cystic and solid components. The cystic content was mucinous. @entity1 was @entity4 and alcian blue staining was positive. The characteristics of the original mucinous @entity5 have been precisely maintained in this cell line.

title: [Establishment and characterization of a cell line derived from mucinous @entity5 of XXXX ovary].

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: A recognized side effect of @entity1 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is the onset of @entity5 . The aim of our study was to analyze changes in short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) after @entity7 of sustained-release @entity2 implant in order to provide an appropriate monitoring scheme. METHODS: In this retrospective study, the charts of 44 eyes of 42 @entity0 treated by @entity7 of @entity2 implant for @entity4 resulting from @entity6 were reviewed. The IOP measurements were performed at baseline and at 15 minutes, 7 days (D7), 1 month (M1), 2 months (M2), and 4 months (M4) after @entity7 . RESULTS: Mean IOP was 13.4    2.5 mm Hg at baseline. Twelve eyes out of 44 (27.3%) were treated with antihypertensive eyedrops for a well-controlled @entity3 at baseline. Following @entity7 , mean IOP was 11.5    3.6 mm Hg at 15 minutes, 14.7    3.1 mm Hg at D7, 16.4    7.0 mm Hg at M1, 19.3    7.9 mm Hg at M2, and 13.5    3.1 mm Hg at M4. An IOP >= 25 mm Hg or increased by 10 mm Hg or more was not observed in any eye at 15 minutes, D7, or M4 after @entity7 , but in 8.6% of cases at M1 and in 25% at M2. CONCLUSIONS: It seems reasonable to perform the first IOP monitoring 1 month after @entity7 of @entity2 implant and at each efficacy assessment visit (M2, M4). Special attention should be given to @entity0 at risk, such as @entity3 @entity0 . An IOP measurement immediately after @entity7 and in the following days (1 week) does not seem to be appropriate on a routine basis.

title: Intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of XXXX implant for @entity4 resulting from @entity6 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: A recognized side effect of @entity1 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is the onset of @entity5 . The aim of our study was to analyze changes in short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) after @entity7 of sustained-release @entity2 implant in order to provide an appropriate monitoring scheme. METHODS: In this retrospective study, the charts of 44 eyes of 42 @entity0 treated by @entity7 of @entity2 implant for @entity4 resulting from @entity6 were reviewed. The IOP measurements were performed at baseline and at 15 minutes, 7 days (D7), 1 month (M1), 2 months (M2), and 4 months (M4) after @entity7 . RESULTS: Mean IOP was 13.4    2.5 mm Hg at baseline. Twelve eyes out of 44 (27.3%) were treated with antihypertensive eyedrops for a well-controlled @entity3 at baseline. Following @entity7 , mean IOP was 11.5    3.6 mm Hg at 15 minutes, 14.7    3.1 mm Hg at D7, 16.4    7.0 mm Hg at M1, 19.3    7.9 mm Hg at M2, and 13.5    3.1 mm Hg at M4. An IOP >= 25 mm Hg or increased by 10 mm Hg or more was not observed in any eye at 15 minutes, D7, or M4 after @entity7 , but in 8.6% of cases at M1 and in 25% at M2. CONCLUSIONS: It seems reasonable to perform the first IOP monitoring 1 month after @entity7 of @entity2 implant and at each efficacy assessment visit (M2, M4). Special attention should be given to @entity0 at risk, such as @entity3 @entity0 . An IOP measurement immediately after @entity7 and in the following days (1 week) does not seem to be appropriate on a routine basis.

title: Intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of @entity2 implant for XXXX resulting from @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: A recognized side effect of @entity1 @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is the onset of @entity5 . The aim of our study was to analyze changes in short-term intraocular pressure (IOP) after @entity7 of sustained-release @entity2 implant in order to provide an appropriate monitoring scheme. METHODS: In this retrospective study, the charts of 44 eyes of 42 @entity0 treated by @entity7 of @entity2 implant for @entity4 resulting from @entity6 were reviewed. The IOP measurements were performed at baseline and at 15 minutes, 7 days (D7), 1 month (M1), 2 months (M2), and 4 months (M4) after @entity7 . RESULTS: Mean IOP was 13.4    2.5 mm Hg at baseline. Twelve eyes out of 44 (27.3%) were treated with antihypertensive eyedrops for a well-controlled @entity3 at baseline. Following @entity7 , mean IOP was 11.5    3.6 mm Hg at 15 minutes, 14.7    3.1 mm Hg at D7, 16.4    7.0 mm Hg at M1, 19.3    7.9 mm Hg at M2, and 13.5    3.1 mm Hg at M4. An IOP >= 25 mm Hg or increased by 10 mm Hg or more was not observed in any eye at 15 minutes, D7, or M4 after @entity7 , but in 8.6% of cases at M1 and in 25% at M2. CONCLUSIONS: It seems reasonable to perform the first IOP monitoring 1 month after @entity7 of @entity2 implant and at each efficacy assessment visit (M2, M4). Special attention should be given to @entity0 at risk, such as @entity3 @entity0 . An IOP measurement immediately after @entity7 and in the following days (1 week) does not seem to be appropriate on a routine basis.

title: Intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of @entity2 implant for @entity4 resulting from XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is an asymptomatic and potentially malignant change in the oral mucosa and high frequencies have been reported among smokers. The present study concerned the prevalence of @entity0 use and @entity3 and also associations between the two. STUDY DESIGN: This cross sectional survey was conducted amongst the Gond tribal population of Kundam Block, Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh state, Central India during 2007 to 2009. Screening for @entity3 was conducted by a medical officer with @entity1 mirrors. It is only based on visual inspection and oral pathology was not performed. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and smoking habits. Prevalence of @entity3 among users and non-users of @entity0 was calculated in terms of percentages. RESULTS: Of 1,552 individuals aged more than 12 years of age who were screened, 144 (9.3%) were found to have @entity2 . The prevalence of @entity3 was significantly elevated among @entity0 users as compared to non-users (11% vs 2.5%; p<0.001). The percentage of @entity3 was almost similar in both @entity0 smokers and chewers (9% vs 11%; p=0.304). However, the percentage of @entity3 was especially high among those chewers who also smoked @entity0 (21.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study showed a positive effect of @entity0 use and prevalence of @entity3 . Also the prevalence was very high among Gond tribe, a marginalized population living in central India. There is a need for effective screening and treatment of @entity3 in this area.

title: @entity0 Use and XXXX : Cross-sectional Study among the Gond Tribe in Madhya Pradesh.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is an asymptomatic and potentially malignant change in the oral mucosa and high frequencies have been reported among smokers. The present study concerned the prevalence of @entity0 use and @entity3 and also associations between the two. STUDY DESIGN: This cross sectional survey was conducted amongst the Gond tribal population of Kundam Block, Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh state, Central India during 2007 to 2009. Screening for @entity3 was conducted by a medical officer with @entity1 mirrors. It is only based on visual inspection and oral pathology was not performed. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic and smoking habits. Prevalence of @entity3 among users and non-users of @entity0 was calculated in terms of percentages. RESULTS: Of 1,552 individuals aged more than 12 years of age who were screened, 144 (9.3%) were found to have @entity2 . The prevalence of @entity3 was significantly elevated among @entity0 users as compared to non-users (11% vs 2.5%; p<0.001). The percentage of @entity3 was almost similar in both @entity0 smokers and chewers (9% vs 11%; p=0.304). However, the percentage of @entity3 was especially high among those chewers who also smoked @entity0 (21.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study showed a positive effect of @entity0 use and prevalence of @entity3 . Also the prevalence was very high among Gond tribe, a marginalized population living in central India. There is a need for effective screening and treatment of @entity3 in this area.

title: XXXX Use and @entity2 : Cross-sectional Study among the Gond Tribe in Madhya Pradesh.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 accounts for less than 1% of all @entity2 found in @entity1 . It usually presents at a later age and stage as compared to female @entity0 . Treatment strategies are extrapolated from the management of female @entity0 . Our study here looked at 18 @entity1 diagnosed with and treated for @entity7 at The Aga Khan University Hospital in Pakistan. We compared our findings with the existing data from Asian and Western countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted looking at @entity1 with @entity7 between January 1986 and December 2009. @entity1 and disease characteristics were analyzed and 5 year overall survival was calculated using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. RESULTS: The average age at diagnosis was 52 years (38-67 years). Twelve (66.7%) @entity1 had @entity8 . @entity3 was the most common stage at presentation (9 @entity1 , 50%). @entity5 was seen in 16 @entity1 (88.8%). Seven lesions were positive for both @entity4 and @entity6 receptors. Sixteen @entity1 had surgery in the form of either modified radical mastectomy or radical mastectomy. Radiation was used in 7 @entity1 in an adjuvant setting. The five year overall survival for stage I, II, III and IV disease was 100% vs 78% vs 50% vs 0%( p<0.05). Five year overall survival was 61%. None of the other prognostic factors were statistically significant. Median follow up was 15 months (3-202 months). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 may be on a slow rise but is still an uncommon disease. @entity2 stage and lymph node status are important prognostic markers. Public awareness and screening may help in detecting the disease at an earlier stage. Prospective trials are needed to improve the management of this disease.

title: XXXX : a 24 year experience of a tertiary care hospital in pakistan.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Fifty-six @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were treated with recombinant DNA-derived interferon alpha (rIFN alpha A). The first 30 @entity0 were randomized between doses of 2 X 10(6) U/m2 and 20 X 10(6) U/m2 intramuscularly daily. No complete (CR) or partial (PR) remissions were achieved in 15 @entity0 receiving the low dose. In contrast, 27% of those receiving the high dose achieved CR or PR. Subsequently, 26 additional @entity0 were given the high dose and achieved a 31% response rate. Remissions lasted from 1 to more than 12 months (median, 3 months). Responses occurred predominantly in lung parenchyma or mediastinal node metastases. @entity1 of the high dose required dose reduction in 50% of the patients. Neutralizing antibodies to rIFN alpha A developed in seven of 12 responsive (58%) and nine of 29 (31%) nonresponsive @entity0 (P = greater than .5). The median duration of remission among the antibody-positive and antibody-negative @entity0 were 2 and 10 months, respectively (P = .009). The clinical significance of the antibodies to rIFN alpha A remains unclear, but the coincidence between the detection of antibodies and the early relapse of the disease in some responsive @entity0 suggests that these antibodies may abrogate the biologic activity of rIFN alpha A. This effect, however, was not associated with adverse clinical sequelae.

title: Antitumor activity of recombinant-derived interferon alpha in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The study examines effects of hot spells on @entity0 ( @entity0 ) morbidity and mortality in the population of the Czech Republic, with emphasis on differences between @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and between morbidity and mortality. Daily data on @entity0 morbidity (hospital admissions) and mortality over 1994-2009 were obtained from national hospitalization and mortality registers and standardized to account for long-term changes as well as seasonal and weekly cycles. Hot spells were defined as periods of at least two consecutive days with average daily air temperature anomalies above the 95  % quantile during June to August. Relative deviations of mortality and morbidity from the baseline were evaluated. Hot spells were associated with excess mortality for all examined cardiovascular causes ( @entity0 , @entity2 and @entity1 ). The increases were more pronounced for @entity1 than @entity2 mortality in most population groups, mainly in males. In the younger population (0-64  years), however, significant excess mortality was observed for @entity2 while there was no excess mortality for @entity1 . A short-term displacement effect was found to be much larger for mortality due to @entity1 than @entity2 . Excess @entity0 mortality was not accompanied by increases in hospital admissions and below-expected-levels of morbidity prevailed during hot spells, particularly for @entity2 in the elderly. This suggests that out-of-hospital deaths represent a major part of excess @entity0 mortality during heat and that for in-hospital excess @entity0 is a masked comorbid condition rather than the primary diagnosis responsible for hospitalization.

title: Contrasting patterns of hot spell effects on morbidity and mortality for XXXX in the Czech Republic, 1994-2009.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The effects of electrical and chemical stimulation on the mechanical or electrical properties of the circular smooth muscle cells of the @entity5 , and proximal urethra of the male @entity0 were investigated by means of micro-electrode, double-sucrose-gap and tension-recording methods. In the @entity5 , application of short current pulses (50 microseconds) produced an initial excitatory junction potential (e.j.p.) with a superimposed spike, followed by a late depolarization, and these electrical events evoked contraction. The initial e.j.p. was unaffected by @entity7 , @entity12 , @entity10 or @entity13 , indicating the initial e.j.p. is not mediated by activation of adrenergic, tryptaminergic or histaminergic receptors. The late depolarization was enhanced by pre-treatment with @entity3 (10(-7) M) and abolished by @entity11 (10(-6) M). In the proximal urethra, electrical-field stimulation evoked phasic contraction which was followed by relaxation, associated with initial e.j.p.s, late depolarization and inhibitory junction potentials (i.j.p.s). @entity7 (10(-5) M) or @entity12 (10(-6) M) reduced the size of the initial e.j.p. to 40-50% of the control value and combined application of @entity7 and @entity11 further reduced the amplitude of the e.j.p. to 20-30%. There was a parallel reduction in the mechanical response. The late depolarization was enhanced by @entity3 and abolished by @entity11 . The i.j.p. and @entity1 were not affected by @entity2 , @entity12 , @entity7 or @entity11 . These results indicate that the proximal urethral smooth muscle cells are innervated by adrenergic and cholinergic excitatory, and by non-cholinergic non-adrenergic inhibitory nerve fibres. In the prostatic urethra, field stimulations also evoked twitch contractions with or without following phasic contraction and relaxation. The twitch contractions were abolished by @entity6 (10(-6) M), suggesting that they arise from striated muscle. Exogenously applied @entity8 (PG) E1, @entity4 or PGF2 alpha (greater than 10(-10) M) evoked sustained increase in the muscle tone in the presence or absence of @entity9 , and enhanced the amplitude of @entity1 evoked by the field stimulation without affecting the resting membrane potential. @entity9 (10(-6)-10(-5) M) gradually reduced the muscle tone of the proximal urethra with no change in the resting membrane potential. At the reduced muscle tone, electrical-field stimulation did not evoke @entity1 . Thus, the amplitude of @entity1 evoked by field stimulation was dependent on the level of muscle tone of the circular muscle strips.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: The neural and non-neural mechanisms involved in urethral activity in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The group-level responsiveness of the original, 30-item @entity1 Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement measure (STREAM-30) is similar to that of the simplified STREAM (STREAM-15), even though the STREAM-30 has twice as many items as those of the STREAM-15. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the responsiveness of the STREAM-30 and STREAM-15 at both group and individual levels in @entity0 with @entity1 . For the latter level, the Rasch-calibrated 27-item STREAM (STREAM-27) was used because the individual-level indexes of the STREAM-30 could not be estimated. DESIGN: A repeated-measurements design was used. In total, 195 @entity0 were assessed with the STREAM-30 at both admission and discharge. METHODS: The Rasch scores of the STREAM-27 and STREAM-15 were estimated from the @entity0 ' responses on the STREAM-30. We calculated the paired t-test value, effect size, and standardized response mean as the indexes of group-level responsiveness. The significance of change for each @entity0 was estimated as the individual-level responsiveness index, and the paired t test and test of marginal homogeneity were used for individual-level comparisons between the STREAM-27 and STREAM-15. RESULTS: At the group level, the STREAM-30, STREAM-27, and STREAM-15 showed sufficient and comparable responsiveness. At the individual level, the STREAM-27 detected significantly more @entity0 with significant improvement and fewer @entity0 with no change or deterioration compared with the STREAM-15. LIMITATIONS: Few @entity0 with subacute @entity1 showed deterioration at discharge, so the abilities of the 2 measures to detect deterioration remain inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS: The STREAM-27 detected more @entity0 with significant recovery compared with the STREAM-15, although the group-level responsiveness of the 2 measures was the same. The STREAM-27 is recommended as an outcome measure to demonstrate the treatment effects of movement and mobility for @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Comparison of the Responsiveness of the Long-Form and Simplified XXXX Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement: Group- and Individual-Level Analysis.

answer: @entity1