abstract: The Collaborative Pathology Study is one of the most impressive programs of the Bogalusa Heart Study. Attempts are made to obtain complete and uniform necropsy coverage of all decreased young @entity0 who may have been examined in the Bogalusa Heart Study. Since 1978, autopsy specimens have been collected from 190 deaths, representing 65% of all known deaths in the study age category. The relation of antemortem risk factors for @entity1 to early @entity3 in the aorta and coronary arteries was assessed in those individuals previously examined in the Bogalusa Heart Study (N = 59). Aortic fatty streaks were strongly related to both total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity2 (r = 0.62, P < 0.0001 for each association), and were inversely correlated with the ratio of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity2 to LDL plus very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) @entity2 (r = -0.29, P < 0.01). Coronary artery fatty streaks were associated with elevated total @entity2 , LDL @entity2 , VLDL @entity2 , and systolic blood pressure. Higher levels of LDL and VLDL @entity2 , @entity4 , systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and a lower ratio of HDL to LDL plus VLDL were found in those @entity0 with coronary artery fibrous plaques. Microscopy offered additional information about the characteristics of the aortic and coronary arterial intimal disease. Histologic observations have confirmed some of the relationships indicated with gross observations and show the complexity of this disease process. These findings emphasize the importance of an approach to preventive cardiology early in life.

title: Risk factors and XXXX in youth autopsy findings of the Bogalusa Heart Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the concentration of calcitonin gene-related peptide, a potent vasodilator, in maternal plasma, fetal plasma, and placental tissue from pregnancies complicated by severe @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: The following groups were studied: severe @entity1 (group 1, n = 21), normal pregnancies matched for mode of delivery (group 2, n = 21), and nonpregnant @entity0 (group 3, n = 17). Maternal venous blood samples were drawn before labor, and fetal venous samples were drawn from the chorionic plate immediately after delivery. Calcitonin gene-related peptide was also quantified in placental tissue samples from 15 @entity0 in group 1 and 15 @entity0 in group 2. Calcitonin gene-related peptide was measured with a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: No differences were found between maternal plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide concentrations in groups 1 and 2 (29.8 +/- 4.2 and 30.4 +/- 4.3 pmol/L, respectively). Both had levels similar to those in group 3 (28.5 +/- 5.4 pmol/L). Maternal plasma concentrations in the preeclamptic group were unchanged 3 days post partum (29.1 +/- 3.6 pmol/L). Fetal plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide concentrations were similar in groups 1 and 2 (30.2 +/- 3.9 and 32.2 +/- 8.8 pmol/L, respectively). A significant correlation was found between maternal and fetal calcitonin gene-related peptide concentrations (r = 0.43, p < 0.01). Like plasma levels, calcitonin gene-related peptide levels in the supernatants of placental extracts were not different in preeclamptic and normal pregnancies (108.0 +/- 70.4 and 100.9 +/- 56.1 fmol/gm, respectively). CONCLUSION: On the basis of plasma and placental concentrations, calcitonin gene-related peptide does not seem to play an important role in the pathophysiologic mechanisms of @entity1 .

title: Plasma and placental calcitonin gene-related peptide in pregnancies complicated by severe XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The blind test-retest reliability of lifetime prevalence and age of onset of @entity0 diagnoses, based on the SADS-L interview and RDC over a three-to-five year period, was examined in 143 probands and their relatives. Reliability of lifetime prevalence of @entity1 was excellent; reliability of @entity8 , @entity6 , @entity2 , @entity7 , @entity1 , and @entity4 was good; reliability of @entity5 and @entity3 was acceptable but lower. The reliability of hyperthymia or cyclothymia was not acceptable. Reliability for @entity1 did not vary substantially by age or sex of the informant, but recall of @entity1 was significantly higher in the probands than in their relatives. The test-retest reliability for the age of onset of @entity1 and @entity6 was excellent, and for @entity3 , @entity7 and @entity4 , was acceptable. Both probands and relatives recalled the age of onset of their @entity1 fairly accurately. However, there was a reduction in agreement over time. Recall after 3-4 yr was better than 5-6 yr. There was a tendency for older respondents to systematically increase the age of onset of their @entity1 across the two interviews, although the increase was only a few years. Recall of age of onset did not differ significantly by sex of respondent or whether the respondent was a proband or relative. These findings are discussed in light of several available studies of reliability of lifetime prevalence of @entity0 diagnoses.

title: Lifetime prevalence and age of onset of XXXX : recall 4 years later.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In T-cells, the Shaker-related gene, @entity6 encodes the type n K+ channel, whereas the type l channel is a product of the Shaw. subfamily gene, @entity10 . Both these genes are also expressed in the brain. We have used the @entity4 oocyte heterologous expression system to study the modulatory effects of @entity3 ( @entity3 , @entity3 ) on both these cloned channels. In oocytes coexpressing the @entity0 @entity11 receptor and @entity0 @entity6 channel, addition of 100 nM @entity3 causes a complete and sustained suppression of @entity6 currents in approximately 20 min. In contrast, @entity3 has no effect on @entity0 @entity10 currents when coexpressed with @entity11 receptor. The @entity3 -mediated suppression of @entity6 currents proceeds via activation of a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein and a subsequent rise in intracellular @entity1 , but @entity1 does not directly block the channel. @entity9 ( @entity9 ) C activation is not part of the pathway linking @entity11 receptor to @entity6 channels. However, @entity8 independently suppress @entity6 currents. Deletion of the first 146 @entity5 from the @entity7 -terminal, containing putative @entity2 kinase and PKA phosphorylation sites, does not alter the time course of @entity3 -mediated suppression of @entity6 currents, indicating that these residues are not necessary for modulation. Treatment of oocytes with calmodulin or phosphatase inhibitors does not alter @entity3 -mediated modulation. Collectively, these experiments indicate that the @entity0 @entity6 channel is capable of being modulated by @entity3 via @entity11 receptor in a G protein and @entity1 -dependent manner, but the subsequent steps in the pathway remain elusive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Full-length and truncated XXXX K+ channels are modulated by @entity11 receptor activation and independently by PKC.

answer: @entity6


abstract: In T-cells, the Shaker-related gene, @entity6 encodes the type n K+ channel, whereas the type l channel is a product of the Shaw. subfamily gene, @entity10 . Both these genes are also expressed in the brain. We have used the @entity4 oocyte heterologous expression system to study the modulatory effects of @entity3 ( @entity3 , @entity3 ) on both these cloned channels. In oocytes coexpressing the @entity0 @entity11 receptor and @entity0 @entity6 channel, addition of 100 nM @entity3 causes a complete and sustained suppression of @entity6 currents in approximately 20 min. In contrast, @entity3 has no effect on @entity0 @entity10 currents when coexpressed with @entity11 receptor. The @entity3 -mediated suppression of @entity6 currents proceeds via activation of a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein and a subsequent rise in intracellular @entity1 , but @entity1 does not directly block the channel. @entity9 ( @entity9 ) C activation is not part of the pathway linking @entity11 receptor to @entity6 channels. However, @entity8 independently suppress @entity6 currents. Deletion of the first 146 @entity5 from the @entity7 -terminal, containing putative @entity2 kinase and PKA phosphorylation sites, does not alter the time course of @entity3 -mediated suppression of @entity6 currents, indicating that these residues are not necessary for modulation. Treatment of oocytes with calmodulin or phosphatase inhibitors does not alter @entity3 -mediated modulation. Collectively, these experiments indicate that the @entity0 @entity6 channel is capable of being modulated by @entity3 via @entity11 receptor in a G protein and @entity1 -dependent manner, but the subsequent steps in the pathway remain elusive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Full-length and truncated @entity6 K+ channels are modulated by XXXX receptor activation and independently by PKC.

answer: @entity11


abstract: We describe 11 @entity0 with a distinctive @entity5 . Most of the @entity0 were adult @entity0 who presented with a painless mass. Nine @entity2 arose in minor salivary glands of the oral cavity (82%). Microscopically, they were characterized by the formation of trabeculae, cords, islands, and/or nests of monomorphic clear cells that were glycogen rich and mucin negative and were surrounded by hyalinized bands with foci of myxohyaline stroma. Cells with eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm were also noted. Both cell types showed minimal nuclear pleomorphism and a very low mitotic index. The @entity2 all had infiltrative borders. Immunohistochemically, the @entity2 cells expressed cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen, but not @entity4 protein and smooth muscle actin. Ultrastructurally, the @entity2 cells contained abundant glycogen, desmosomes, peripheral tonofilaments, and prominent interdigitating microvilli without actin myofilaments or dense bodies. These immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings provide evidence of epithelial differentiation without myoepithelial differentiation. For these @entity2 , we propose the name, @entity3 ( @entity3 ). These are low-grade malignant @entity2 . Two @entity0 had ipsilateral cervical lymph node @entity1 at presentation, but with surgical excision and either preoperative or post-operative radiotherapy in three cases, eight of 10 @entity0 with clinical follow-up are alive and well without evidence of recurrence. The mean clinical follow-up is 3.6 years, with a range of 6 months to 11 years. One @entity0 died as a result of surgery, another died of unrelated causes, and one @entity0 was lost to follow-up.

title: XXXX of salivary gland.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The efficacy of @entity2 (a synthetic analogue of @entity6 ) and @entity5 in the treatment of @entity4 was evaluated. Thirty-two @entity0 with endoscopically proven @entity4 were randomized, in a double-blind manner, in one of three groups that received four daily doses of either @entity2 , 50 or 200 micrograms, or @entity5 , 300 mg. @entity3 healing was assessed endoscopically after 4 weeks of treatment. The three groups were fairly comparable in their @entity1 and @entity7 intake, previous @entity3 history and @entity3 size. A relatively high proportion of @entity0 in the @entity5 -treated group was smokers. Only one @entity0 was withdrawn from the study. On the @entity2 low dose, healing of the @entity3 was observed in 20% of the @entity0 . In contrast, healing on the high dose of @entity2 (70%) was not significantly different from that on @entity5 (73%). No important clinical side effects were observed in any of the @entity0 . These results (part of a multicenter, international study) suggest that the divided daily dose of 800 micrograms @entity2 is safe and effective in the short-term treatment of @entity4 .

title: Comparison of @entity2 and XXXX in the treatment of @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The efficacy of @entity2 (a synthetic analogue of @entity6 ) and @entity5 in the treatment of @entity4 was evaluated. Thirty-two @entity0 with endoscopically proven @entity4 were randomized, in a double-blind manner, in one of three groups that received four daily doses of either @entity2 , 50 or 200 micrograms, or @entity5 , 300 mg. @entity3 healing was assessed endoscopically after 4 weeks of treatment. The three groups were fairly comparable in their @entity1 and @entity7 intake, previous @entity3 history and @entity3 size. A relatively high proportion of @entity0 in the @entity5 -treated group was smokers. Only one @entity0 was withdrawn from the study. On the @entity2 low dose, healing of the @entity3 was observed in 20% of the @entity0 . In contrast, healing on the high dose of @entity2 (70%) was not significantly different from that on @entity5 (73%). No important clinical side effects were observed in any of the @entity0 . These results (part of a multicenter, international study) suggest that the divided daily dose of 800 micrograms @entity2 is safe and effective in the short-term treatment of @entity4 .

title: Comparison of @entity2 and @entity5 in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The efficacy of @entity2 (a synthetic analogue of @entity6 ) and @entity5 in the treatment of @entity4 was evaluated. Thirty-two @entity0 with endoscopically proven @entity4 were randomized, in a double-blind manner, in one of three groups that received four daily doses of either @entity2 , 50 or 200 micrograms, or @entity5 , 300 mg. @entity3 healing was assessed endoscopically after 4 weeks of treatment. The three groups were fairly comparable in their @entity1 and @entity7 intake, previous @entity3 history and @entity3 size. A relatively high proportion of @entity0 in the @entity5 -treated group was smokers. Only one @entity0 was withdrawn from the study. On the @entity2 low dose, healing of the @entity3 was observed in 20% of the @entity0 . In contrast, healing on the high dose of @entity2 (70%) was not significantly different from that on @entity5 (73%). No important clinical side effects were observed in any of the @entity0 . These results (part of a multicenter, international study) suggest that the divided daily dose of 800 micrograms @entity2 is safe and effective in the short-term treatment of @entity4 .

title: Comparison of XXXX and @entity5 in the treatment of @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Widespread use of cross-sectional imaging and increasing age of the general population has increased the number of detected @entity3 . However, several pathological entities with a variety in malignant potential have to be discriminated to allow clinical decision making. Discrimination between mucinous @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and nonmucinous @entity3 is the primary step in the clinical work-up, as malignant transformation is mostly associated with mucinous PCN. We performed a retrospective analysis of all resected PCN in our tertiary center from 2000 to 2014, to evaluate preoperative diagnostic performance and the results of implementation of the consensus guidelines over time. This was followed by a prospective cohort study of @entity0 with an undefined @entity1 , where the added value of cytopathological mucin evaluation to @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in cyst fluid for the discrimination of mucinous PCN and nonmucinous cysts was investigated. Retrospective analysis showed 115 @entity0 operated for a PCN, with a correct preoperative classification in 96.2% of the @entity0 . High-grade @entity6 or @entity2 was observed in only 32.3% of mucinous PCN. In our prospective cohort (n=71), 57.7% of @entity0 were classified as having a mucinous PCN. @entity4 >= 192ng/mL had an accuracy of 63.4%, and cytopathological mucin evaluation an accuracy of 73.0%. Combining these 2 tests further improved diagnostic accuracy of a mucinous @entity7 to 76.8%. @entity4 level and mucin evaluation were not predictive of the degree of @entity6 . These findings show that adding cytopathology to cyst fluid biochemistry improves discrimination between mucinous PCN and nonmucinous cysts.

title: Cytopathological Analysis of Cyst Fluid Enhances Diagnostic Accuracy of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Juvenile @entity7 is a chronic progressive @entity1 of the skin that causes @entity6 and aesthetic damage. This study was undertaken to assess the safety and efficacy of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) in the treatment of juvenile @entity7 . METHODS: In this double-blind study, @entity0 with active juvenile @entity7 were randomized (2:1) to receive oral @entity5 (15 mg/m  , maximum 20 mg) or placebo once weekly, for 12 months or until treatment failure. Both groups received oral @entity3 (1 mg/kg/day, maximum 50 mg) for the first 3 months. @entity2 was evaluated clinically, with infrared thermography and using a computerized scoring system with skin score rate ( @entity8 ) evaluation. Response to treatment was defined as the absence of new lesions, @entity8 , and a decrease in lesion temperature of at least 10% compared to baseline. Treatment failure was defined as the occurrence of new lesions, @entity8 , or increased lesion temperature. All analyses were done on the intent-to-treat population. RESULTS: Of the 85 @entity0 screened, 70 (ages 6-17 years) were randomized (46 to the @entity5 group, 24 to the placebo group). The mean disease duration was 2.3 years. After an initial response in all @entity0 , disease relapsed in 15 @entity5 -treated @entity0 (32.6%) and 17 placebo-treated @entity0 (70.8%) (P < 0.005). New lesions appeared in 3 @entity5 -treated @entity0 (6.5%) versus 4 placebo-treated @entity0 (16.7%). The mean @entity8 decreased from 1 to 0.79 in the @entity5 group and increased from 1 to 1.1 in the placebo group, and the mean @entity2 temperature decreased by 44.4% in the @entity5 group versus 12.1% in the placebo group. Twenty-six @entity0 in the @entity5 group (56.5%) and 11 @entity0 in the placebo group (45.8%) developed mild side effects related to treatment. None of the side effects were severe enough to necessitate treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity5 is efficacious in the treatment of juvenile @entity7 and is well tolerated.

title: XXXX treatment in juvenile @entity7 : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Juvenile @entity7 is a chronic progressive @entity1 of the skin that causes @entity6 and aesthetic damage. This study was undertaken to assess the safety and efficacy of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) in the treatment of juvenile @entity7 . METHODS: In this double-blind study, @entity0 with active juvenile @entity7 were randomized (2:1) to receive oral @entity5 (15 mg/m  , maximum 20 mg) or placebo once weekly, for 12 months or until treatment failure. Both groups received oral @entity3 (1 mg/kg/day, maximum 50 mg) for the first 3 months. @entity2 was evaluated clinically, with infrared thermography and using a computerized scoring system with skin score rate ( @entity8 ) evaluation. Response to treatment was defined as the absence of new lesions, @entity8 , and a decrease in lesion temperature of at least 10% compared to baseline. Treatment failure was defined as the occurrence of new lesions, @entity8 , or increased lesion temperature. All analyses were done on the intent-to-treat population. RESULTS: Of the 85 @entity0 screened, 70 (ages 6-17 years) were randomized (46 to the @entity5 group, 24 to the placebo group). The mean disease duration was 2.3 years. After an initial response in all @entity0 , disease relapsed in 15 @entity5 -treated @entity0 (32.6%) and 17 placebo-treated @entity0 (70.8%) (P < 0.005). New lesions appeared in 3 @entity5 -treated @entity0 (6.5%) versus 4 placebo-treated @entity0 (16.7%). The mean @entity8 decreased from 1 to 0.79 in the @entity5 group and increased from 1 to 1.1 in the placebo group, and the mean @entity2 temperature decreased by 44.4% in the @entity5 group versus 12.1% in the placebo group. Twenty-six @entity0 in the @entity5 group (56.5%) and 11 @entity0 in the placebo group (45.8%) developed mild side effects related to treatment. None of the side effects were severe enough to necessitate treatment discontinuation. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that @entity5 is efficacious in the treatment of juvenile @entity7 and is well tolerated.

title: @entity4 treatment in juvenile XXXX : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of @entity6 in the @entity9 ( @entity9 ) that occur in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has not been quantified in detail. We undertook this study to determine the extent to which @entity9 are associated with @entity11 in @entity4 . METHODS: We prospectively ascertained @entity9 , defined as @entity5 , @entity10 , @entity8 , or @entity3 due to @entity7 , in an @entity4 cohort. We measured @entity11 using high-resolution ultrasound. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between @entity9 and @entity6 , adjusting for demographic features, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and @entity4 manifestations. RESULTS: We performed carotid ultrasound on 636 @entity0 whom we followed up for 3,402 @entity0 -years. During this time, 84 @entity0 experienced 121 new or recurrent @entity9 events, a rate of 3.5 @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0-4.3). Among the 599 @entity0 without a history of @entity9 , 66 incident @entity9 events occurred over 3,085 @entity0 -years, an incidence of 2.1 @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years (95% CI 1.7-2.7). The incidence of new @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years was 1.1 (95% CI 0.6-1.7) among @entity0 without plaque, 2.5 (95% CI 1.7-3.8) among @entity0 with unilateral plaque, and 4.3 (95% CI 2.9-6.3) among @entity0 with bilateral plaque. Covariates associated with incident @entity9 events independent of @entity6 included male sex, @entity1 , and a cumulative glucocorticoid dose of >=  20 gm. CONCLUSION: @entity6 is strongly associated with @entity9 in @entity4 . @entity4 @entity0 with carotid plaque, multiple CV risk factors (particularly @entity1 or @entity2 ), many swollen joints, and a high cumulative dose of glucocorticoids, as well as @entity4 @entity0 who are @entity0 , are at high risk of @entity9 .

title: Carotid @entity6 predicts incident @entity9 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of @entity6 in the @entity9 ( @entity9 ) that occur in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has not been quantified in detail. We undertook this study to determine the extent to which @entity9 are associated with @entity11 in @entity4 . METHODS: We prospectively ascertained @entity9 , defined as @entity5 , @entity10 , @entity8 , or @entity3 due to @entity7 , in an @entity4 cohort. We measured @entity11 using high-resolution ultrasound. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between @entity9 and @entity6 , adjusting for demographic features, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and @entity4 manifestations. RESULTS: We performed carotid ultrasound on 636 @entity0 whom we followed up for 3,402 @entity0 -years. During this time, 84 @entity0 experienced 121 new or recurrent @entity9 events, a rate of 3.5 @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0-4.3). Among the 599 @entity0 without a history of @entity9 , 66 incident @entity9 events occurred over 3,085 @entity0 -years, an incidence of 2.1 @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years (95% CI 1.7-2.7). The incidence of new @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years was 1.1 (95% CI 0.6-1.7) among @entity0 without plaque, 2.5 (95% CI 1.7-3.8) among @entity0 with unilateral plaque, and 4.3 (95% CI 2.9-6.3) among @entity0 with bilateral plaque. Covariates associated with incident @entity9 events independent of @entity6 included male sex, @entity1 , and a cumulative glucocorticoid dose of >=  20 gm. CONCLUSION: @entity6 is strongly associated with @entity9 in @entity4 . @entity4 @entity0 with carotid plaque, multiple CV risk factors (particularly @entity1 or @entity2 ), many swollen joints, and a high cumulative dose of glucocorticoids, as well as @entity4 @entity0 who are @entity0 , are at high risk of @entity9 .

title: Carotid XXXX predicts incident @entity9 in @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of @entity6 in the @entity9 ( @entity9 ) that occur in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has not been quantified in detail. We undertook this study to determine the extent to which @entity9 are associated with @entity11 in @entity4 . METHODS: We prospectively ascertained @entity9 , defined as @entity5 , @entity10 , @entity8 , or @entity3 due to @entity7 , in an @entity4 cohort. We measured @entity11 using high-resolution ultrasound. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between @entity9 and @entity6 , adjusting for demographic features, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, and @entity4 manifestations. RESULTS: We performed carotid ultrasound on 636 @entity0 whom we followed up for 3,402 @entity0 -years. During this time, 84 @entity0 experienced 121 new or recurrent @entity9 events, a rate of 3.5 @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0-4.3). Among the 599 @entity0 without a history of @entity9 , 66 incident @entity9 events occurred over 3,085 @entity0 -years, an incidence of 2.1 @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years (95% CI 1.7-2.7). The incidence of new @entity9 events per 100 @entity0 -years was 1.1 (95% CI 0.6-1.7) among @entity0 without plaque, 2.5 (95% CI 1.7-3.8) among @entity0 with unilateral plaque, and 4.3 (95% CI 2.9-6.3) among @entity0 with bilateral plaque. Covariates associated with incident @entity9 events independent of @entity6 included male sex, @entity1 , and a cumulative glucocorticoid dose of >=  20 gm. CONCLUSION: @entity6 is strongly associated with @entity9 in @entity4 . @entity4 @entity0 with carotid plaque, multiple CV risk factors (particularly @entity1 or @entity2 ), many swollen joints, and a high cumulative dose of glucocorticoids, as well as @entity4 @entity0 who are @entity0 , are at high risk of @entity9 .

title: Carotid @entity6 predicts incident XXXX in @entity4 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are the major problem in the geriatric traumatology and it is estimated that treatment of GHF will spend a large amount of health care resources. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare differences in incidence of operatively treated @entity0 with GHF, type of treatment depending of the type of @entity2 , early postoperative mortality, length of stay and costs of used implants within a 10 years period. Surgically treated 2478 @entity0 , older than 65 years with @entity1 were included in the study. @entity0 were grouped according to the type of @entity2 ( @entity3 or @entity4 ) and used implant. Results showed increasing trend in GHF in our County in the last 10 years. There was a shifting trend in used implants, and new surgical techniques were used more commonly in the last few years. In observed period there were no significant changes in revision surgery and length of hospital stay. The mortality decreased, especially in males, but generally it was not in correlation with used implant. At the 10-years period increase in @entity0 with GHF of 179% was followed with 4 time higher increase in implant prices. Present reimbursement in health care system does not calculate the difference of implant costs in hospital expenses, therefore proper usage of modern implants and careful planning in the treatment of GHF is necessary.

title: XXXX in elderly--ten years analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Research supports a bidirectional association between heavy @entity0 use and marital quality among couples. The current research extends previous research on the role of interpersonal perception by examining how partner drinking and perceiving one's partner's drinking as problematic are associated with subsequent marital outcomes. Specifically, we evaluated how perceiving one's partner to have a drinking problem was associated with marital functioning, and whether that association differed based on the partner's actual drinking. Married couples (N  =  123 dyads) with at least one spouse who consumed @entity0 regularly completed measures of @entity0 use and consequences, the perception that their spouse's drinking was problematic, and marital adjustment (i.e., relationship satisfaction, commitment, and trust). Results from actor-partner interdependence models using structural equations modeling indicated that for husbands, @entity1 was associated with lower adjustment. Additionally, for husbands, perceiving their spouse had a drinking problem was associated with lower adjustment for both themselves and their wives. Moreover, significant interactions between partner drinking and the perception of partner drinking problem on marital adjustment emerged. Specifically, perceiving one's partner's drinking as a problem was only negatively associated with relationship adjustment if the partner reported higher levels of heavy drinking. This pattern was stronger for husbands. Results illustrate the importance of interpersonal perception, gender differences, and the use of dyadic data to model the complex dynamic between spouses with regard to @entity0 use and how it affects relationship outcomes.

title: An interdependent look at perceptions of XXXX and marital outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Few studies have examined associations with the public's awareness and knowledge of the @entity1 ) among Latina immigrants. The primary purpose of this study was to assess HPV awareness and knowledge, while examining demographic and healthcare utilization associations. METHODS: From 2007-2009 as part of a larger randomized control trial, 543 Latina immigrants living in Birmingham, Alabama completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: Only 47% of the @entity0 were aware of HPV. @entity0 aged 40-50 years were more likely to be aware of HPV than @entity0 19 to 29 (odds ratio [OR] 2.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34, 4.78). Having a Pap smear in the past year was associated with awareness (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.14, 2.90). Among those aware of HPV, the mean knowledge score was 7.5 out of 11. Deficiencies in knowledge were noted for vaccinations, genital warts, and the clearing of HPV without treatment. Multivariable analysis found a Pap smear in the past year (OR 4.10; 95% CI 1.93, 8.69), and number of HPV information sources (OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.09, 1.75) significantly associated with higher knowledge. Also, @entity0 aged 30 to 39 years and 40 to 50 were more likely to have higher HPV knowledge than those 19 to 29 (OR 2.64; 95% CI 1.35, 5.17 and OR 4.46; 95% CI 1.53, 12.98, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Less than half of the @entity0 were aware of HPV. However, among those aware, knowledge scores were high. Age and having a Pap smear within the last year were associated with HPV awareness and knowledge.

title: Awareness and knowledge about XXXX among Latina immigrants.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE/SETTING: The Toddler Overweight and @entity1 Prevention Study (TOTS) was an overweight and early childhood caries (ECC) project in the Pacific Northwest. It targeted American Indian (AI) toddlers from birth, to effect changes in breastfeeding and sweetened beverage consumption. DESIGN/INTERVENTION/ @entity0 : The intervention cohort was @entity0 born in three communities during 12 months; expectant mothers were identified through prenatal visits, and recruited by tribal coordinators. The local comparison cohorts were @entity0 in those communities who were aged 18-30 months at study start. A control longitudinal cohort consisted of annual samples of @entity0 aged 18-30 months in a fourth community, supplying secular trends. OUTCOME MEASURES: d1-2mfs was used to identify incident caries in intervention, comparison, and control cohorts after 18-to-30 months of follow-up in 2006. RESULTS: No missing or filled teeth were found. For d1t, all three intervention cohorts showed statistically significant downward intervention effects, decreases of between 0.300 and 0.631 in terms of the fraction of affected mouths. The results for d2t were similar but of smaller magnitudes, decreases of between 0.342 and 0.449; these results met the .05 level for significance in two of three cases. In light of an estimated secular increase in dental caries in the control site, all three intervention cohorts showed improvements in both d1t and d1t. CONCLUSION: Simple interventions targeting sweetened beverage availability (in combination with related measures) reduced high tooth decay trends, and were both feasible and acceptable to the AI communities we studied.

title: XXXX in American Indian toddlers after a community-based beverage intervention.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The localization of proteasome epitopes in the @entity1 cell lines @entity0 , derived from a @entity3 , and MR65, derived from a @entity4 , was studied in relation to cell growth conditions. For this purpose the proteasome monoclonal antibodies MCP34 and MCP20 were applied to the cells growing under different nutritional conditions, resulting in different proliferative states. Using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy with brief fixation in @entity5 (5 sec, -20 degrees C) followed by three dips in @entity7 (5 sec at room temperature), it became obvious that the intracellular detectability of the proteasomes changes depending on the nutritional and proliferative status of the @entity2 cells. Two types of experiments were carried out: (1) cells were grown for two days at different cell densities, with an excess of culture medium, and (2) cells were seeded in a low cell density and monitored for 6 days without change of medium. In cells grown at low density, the proteasomes can be detected mainly in the nuclei, while the nucleoli are almost devoid of staining, and the cytoplasm is only slightly stained. In cells grown at high density, the staining pattern changes with a much less pronounced nuclear staining than in the cells at low density, while the cytoplasm remains slightly stained. In the nutrient depletion experiment similar changes were seen. In cells growing under favorable conditions (1 or 2 days in fresh medium) proteasomes are detected mainly in the nuclei, whereas when the medium becomes depleted of nutrients (4 or 5-day-old medium) the staining pattern changes to one with a much less pronounced nuclear staining. However, in immunofluorescence studies on cells grown under similar conditions but fixed in @entity6 (-20 degrees C) for 15 min, the changes in proteasome localization pattern were not detected during medium depletion. Using this fixation protocol the proteasomes are detected mainly in the nuclei at all stages of the medium exhaustion experiment. These apparently contrasting results suggest that upon nutrient depletion the proteasome epitopes become less accessible to the antibodies used. Apparently, the epitopes can regain accessibility if an extended @entity6 fixation is used. This hypothesis was confirmed by flow cytometry and immunoblotting experiments. In flow cytometry of @entity6 -fixed cells the fluorescence intensity of only a minor part of the cell population decreases to some extent with medium depletion, but in the majority of the cells fluorescence remains at its initial level. The immunoblotting experiments show no quantitative changes in proteasome content of the @entity2 cells at the different growth conditions.

title: Changes in immunocytochemical detectability of proteasome epitopes depending on cell growth and fixation conditions of XXXX cell lines.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Indexes @entity6 and Mx have been formerly introduced to assess cerebral autoregulation and have been shown to be associated with 3-month clinical outcome. In a mixed cohort of neurocritical care @entity0 , we retrospectively investigated the impact of selected clinical characteristics on this association. Forty-one @entity0 (18-77  years) with severe traumatic ( @entity2 , N  =  20) and non-traumatic (N  =  21) @entity4 were studied. Cerebral blood flow velocity, arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure were repeatedly recorded during 1-h periods. Calculated @entity6 and Mx were correlated with 3-month clinical outcome score of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in different subgroups with specific clinical characteristics. Both @entity6 and Mx correlated significantly with outcome ( @entity6 : r  =  0.38, p  <  0.05; AUC  =  0.64, n.s./Mx: r  =  0.48, p  <  0.005; AUC  =  0.80, p  <  0.005) in the overall group, and in @entity0 with hemicraniectomy (N  =  17; @entity6 : r  =  0.73, p  <  0.001; AUC  =  0.89, p  <  0.01/Mx: r  =  0.69, p  <  0.005; AUC  =  0.87, p  <  0.05). Mx, not @entity6 , correlated significantly with @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity3 (N  =  17; r  =  0.69, p  <  0.005; AUC  =  0.92, p  <  0.005), and in non-traumatic @entity0 (r  =  0.49, p  <  0.05; AUC  =  0.79, p  <  0.05). @entity6 , not Mx, correlated significantly with @entity5 in @entity2 @entity0 (r  =  0.63, p  <  0.01; AUC  =  0.89, p  <  0.01). Both indexes did not correlate with @entity5 in @entity1 @entity0 (N  =  15), @entity6 failed in hypocapnic @entity0 (N  =  26). Both @entity6 and Mx were significantly associated with 3-month clinical outcome, even in @entity0 with hemicraniectomy. @entity6 was more appropriate for @entity2 @entity0 , while Mx was better suited for non-traumatic @entity0 and @entity0 with @entity3 . Prognostic values of indexes were affected by @entity1 (both Mx and @entity6 ) and @entity7 ( @entity6 only).

title: Autoregulation monitoring and outcome prediction in neurocritical care XXXX : Does one index fit all?

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 remains a disease with poor prognosis. Liver resection, although the optimal method of management, is associated with a high incidence of @entity1 recurrence ranging between 50-70%, 12 to 18 months following surgery. This study assesses prospectively the results of liver resection as compared to liver resection combined with pre- and post-operative locoregional chemotherapy-immunotherapy in 40 @entity0 suffering from @entity2 . @entity0 were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A (20 @entity0 ) had liver resection only, while Group B (20 @entity0 ) had liver resection combined with pre- and past-operative targeting locoregional chemotherapy-immunotherapy. Five (5) @entity0 died in total: two from Group A and two from Group B, during the first 30 days following surgery due to reasons related to the procedure (post-operative @entity4 in three, @entity3 in one). The remaining @entity0 from Group A died 10 months following liver resection due to @entity1 recurrence. From Group A, 17 @entity0 are alive from 3 to 26 months after surgery. Of the 17 alive @entity0 , 10 are free of disease and 7 show intrahepatic recurrence. Thus, @entity1 intrahepatic recurrence occurred in 8 @entity0 of group A. From Group B, all 18 @entity0 are alive and free of disease from 4 to 27 months after surgery. No @entity0 died because of the disease nor has any @entity0 shown @entity1 recurrence. As a conclusion of the present results, liver resection combined with pre- and post-operative targeting locoregional immunotherapy-chemotherapy appears to offer substantial advantages for @entity0 undergoing surgery because of @entity2 .

title: XXXX : surgical resection versus surgical resection combined with pre- and post-operative locoregional immunotherapy-chemotherapy. A prospective randomized study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity9 , a new @entity15 -derivative antifungal agent, has been studied in sixteen @entity0 with @entity7 . Seven @entity0 had deep localized infections (three cases with @entity1 and one case each with @entity3 , @entity11 , @entity10 and @entity5 ); three @entity0 suffered from granulomatous or @entity8 and six @entity0 had @entity7 . All @entity0 suffered from severe underlying diseases and/or predisposing factors such as antibiotic treatment, immunosuppressive therapy or indwelling catheters. @entity13 was isolated in 13 cases, @entity14 ( @entity4 ), Aspergillus ( @entity16 ) and Mucor ( @entity1 ) in the other three cases. @entity9 was administered orally at daily dosages of 400-800 mg; @entity12 was associated in four cases. Out of the ten @entity0 with localized infections, seven were cured and three improved. Two of the six septic @entity0 were cured, one improved who subsequently died from Pseudomonas @entity6 and three @entity0 showed no improvement. Two relapses were recorded, both followed by further eradication. The tolerance of the drug was always excellent. @entity9 proved a very effective and well-tolerated drug in @entity2 , caused by opportunistic fungi in high-risk @entity0 .

title: @entity9 : clinical evaluation in severe XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity9 , a new @entity15 -derivative antifungal agent, has been studied in sixteen @entity0 with @entity7 . Seven @entity0 had deep localized infections (three cases with @entity1 and one case each with @entity3 , @entity11 , @entity10 and @entity5 ); three @entity0 suffered from granulomatous or @entity8 and six @entity0 had @entity7 . All @entity0 suffered from severe underlying diseases and/or predisposing factors such as antibiotic treatment, immunosuppressive therapy or indwelling catheters. @entity13 was isolated in 13 cases, @entity14 ( @entity4 ), Aspergillus ( @entity16 ) and Mucor ( @entity1 ) in the other three cases. @entity9 was administered orally at daily dosages of 400-800 mg; @entity12 was associated in four cases. Out of the ten @entity0 with localized infections, seven were cured and three improved. Two of the six septic @entity0 were cured, one improved who subsequently died from Pseudomonas @entity6 and three @entity0 showed no improvement. Two relapses were recorded, both followed by further eradication. The tolerance of the drug was always excellent. @entity9 proved a very effective and well-tolerated drug in @entity2 , caused by opportunistic fungi in high-risk @entity0 .

title: XXXX : clinical evaluation in severe @entity7 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: The clinical course and outcome of 31 @entity1 suffering from @entity0 with documented pleural involvement was reviewed retrospectively. These 31 @entity1 represent 14% of all @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 seen in our Institution between 1977 and 1982. Most effusions were unilateral and ipsilateral to the affected breast, and the median interval from diagnosis of @entity0 to detection of @entity4 was 32 months (range 0 to 84). In 55% of the @entity1 , the effusion represented the first site of failure; in @entity1 with known @entity2 , the median interval from initial failure to the development of @entity4 was 12 months. Local recurrence in the affected breast or chest wall very frequently preceded the onset of an ipsilateral effusion. Once pleural fluid developed, spread to other visceral organs was common. Treatment regimens were far from uniform and included systemic chemotherapy, hormone therapy or both, as well as intrapleural treatment; 10 of 22 @entity1 (45%) given any form of therapy other than thoracentesis had a significant decrease in the amount of the effusion, including 3 @entity1 with a complete response. The median survival of all @entity1 from the onset of the effusion was 7 months (1-72); complete responders survived a median of 15 months whereas progressors had a median survival of 5 months only. Prognostic characteristics associated with a prolonged survival were: a unilateral effusion, ipsilateral to the @entity3 ; effusion as first site of relapse, and mainly, an objective response to therapy. Although this is a small series, @entity1 given both systemic and intracavitary treatment achieved best results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity4 in XXXX : influence upon clinical course and survival.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The clinical course and outcome of 31 @entity1 suffering from @entity0 with documented pleural involvement was reviewed retrospectively. These 31 @entity1 represent 14% of all @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 seen in our Institution between 1977 and 1982. Most effusions were unilateral and ipsilateral to the affected breast, and the median interval from diagnosis of @entity0 to detection of @entity4 was 32 months (range 0 to 84). In 55% of the @entity1 , the effusion represented the first site of failure; in @entity1 with known @entity2 , the median interval from initial failure to the development of @entity4 was 12 months. Local recurrence in the affected breast or chest wall very frequently preceded the onset of an ipsilateral effusion. Once pleural fluid developed, spread to other visceral organs was common. Treatment regimens were far from uniform and included systemic chemotherapy, hormone therapy or both, as well as intrapleural treatment; 10 of 22 @entity1 (45%) given any form of therapy other than thoracentesis had a significant decrease in the amount of the effusion, including 3 @entity1 with a complete response. The median survival of all @entity1 from the onset of the effusion was 7 months (1-72); complete responders survived a median of 15 months whereas progressors had a median survival of 5 months only. Prognostic characteristics associated with a prolonged survival were: a unilateral effusion, ipsilateral to the @entity3 ; effusion as first site of relapse, and mainly, an objective response to therapy. Although this is a small series, @entity1 given both systemic and intracavitary treatment achieved best results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX in @entity0 : influence upon clinical course and survival.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A total of 33 @entity0 (median age, 44 years) with high-grade, adult soft-tissue @entity4 were treated with @entity11 given at 600 mg/m2 in a 72-h continuous infusion and @entity6 given at 1500 mg/m2 per day for 3 days every 3 weeks. Dose escalation/reduction was protocolled depending on the level of hematological @entity2 observed in the preceding course. Overall, 90% of @entity0 had @entity1 , and the most common histologies were @entity8 and @entity10 . A median of 5 (range, 1-9) courses were given. Of 30 @entity0 who were evaluable for response, 12 (40%) obtained a partial remission, and the median time to progression was 8 (range, 4-13) months. Grade 3-4 @entity9 and @entity5 were seen after 89% and 8% of the courses, respectively; @entity3 was seen in half of the @entity0 (15% of courses); and 32% of courses had to be postponed by 7 days or more due to myelosuppression. Dose reduction to below the standard had to be performed in 46% of courses, and dose escalation was achieved in only 13%. The reduced @entity2 seen after the addition of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in five @entity0 indicates that growth-factor support may enhance the dose intensity of the regimen. The results indicate significant activity for this regimen in adult soft-tissue @entity4 , which may in part be a result of the escalated dose and prolonged mode of administration of the phase-specific agent @entity11 . As a result of this pilot series, a phase II study with @entity6 , @entity11 , and @entity7 in advanced adult soft-tissue @entity4 has been initiated by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group.

title: Treatment of advanced, high-grade soft-tissue @entity4 with XXXX and continuous-infusion @entity11 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: A total of 33 @entity0 (median age, 44 years) with high-grade, adult soft-tissue @entity4 were treated with @entity11 given at 600 mg/m2 in a 72-h continuous infusion and @entity6 given at 1500 mg/m2 per day for 3 days every 3 weeks. Dose escalation/reduction was protocolled depending on the level of hematological @entity2 observed in the preceding course. Overall, 90% of @entity0 had @entity1 , and the most common histologies were @entity8 and @entity10 . A median of 5 (range, 1-9) courses were given. Of 30 @entity0 who were evaluable for response, 12 (40%) obtained a partial remission, and the median time to progression was 8 (range, 4-13) months. Grade 3-4 @entity9 and @entity5 were seen after 89% and 8% of the courses, respectively; @entity3 was seen in half of the @entity0 (15% of courses); and 32% of courses had to be postponed by 7 days or more due to myelosuppression. Dose reduction to below the standard had to be performed in 46% of courses, and dose escalation was achieved in only 13%. The reduced @entity2 seen after the addition of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in five @entity0 indicates that growth-factor support may enhance the dose intensity of the regimen. The results indicate significant activity for this regimen in adult soft-tissue @entity4 , which may in part be a result of the escalated dose and prolonged mode of administration of the phase-specific agent @entity11 . As a result of this pilot series, a phase II study with @entity6 , @entity11 , and @entity7 in advanced adult soft-tissue @entity4 has been initiated by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group.

title: Treatment of advanced, high-grade soft-tissue @entity4 with @entity6 and continuous-infusion XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: A total of 33 @entity0 (median age, 44 years) with high-grade, adult soft-tissue @entity4 were treated with @entity11 given at 600 mg/m2 in a 72-h continuous infusion and @entity6 given at 1500 mg/m2 per day for 3 days every 3 weeks. Dose escalation/reduction was protocolled depending on the level of hematological @entity2 observed in the preceding course. Overall, 90% of @entity0 had @entity1 , and the most common histologies were @entity8 and @entity10 . A median of 5 (range, 1-9) courses were given. Of 30 @entity0 who were evaluable for response, 12 (40%) obtained a partial remission, and the median time to progression was 8 (range, 4-13) months. Grade 3-4 @entity9 and @entity5 were seen after 89% and 8% of the courses, respectively; @entity3 was seen in half of the @entity0 (15% of courses); and 32% of courses had to be postponed by 7 days or more due to myelosuppression. Dose reduction to below the standard had to be performed in 46% of courses, and dose escalation was achieved in only 13%. The reduced @entity2 seen after the addition of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in five @entity0 indicates that growth-factor support may enhance the dose intensity of the regimen. The results indicate significant activity for this regimen in adult soft-tissue @entity4 , which may in part be a result of the escalated dose and prolonged mode of administration of the phase-specific agent @entity11 . As a result of this pilot series, a phase II study with @entity6 , @entity11 , and @entity7 in advanced adult soft-tissue @entity4 has been initiated by the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group.

title: Treatment of advanced, high-grade soft-tissue XXXX with @entity6 and continuous-infusion @entity11 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The translation into Spanish of the AUA/International Prostatic Symptom (AUA/ @entity1 ) Score hadn't been validated in spanish. METHODS. AUA/ @entity1 questionnaire was self administered by 103 consecutive @entity0 and by 24 healthy volunteers. An alternative formulation to question 4 (ALT-4) was added. RESULTS. 51 @entity0 (49%) and 17 controls (79%) completed al questions (Feasibility). Reliability was measured by: a) Crohnbach's alpha (0.68 and 0.70 with ALT-4) b) Kendall's coefficient of concordance (0.097, significance < 0.001) and c) retesting 17 @entity0 within 2 months. The relation of the AUA/ @entity1 scores with quality of life (Construct validity) showed a Spearman's correlation coefficient of 0.57 (confidence = 0.0001), and 0.52/0.0004 with ALT-4. The relation with uroflowmetry (Concurrent empirical validity) was poor as shown in ROC curves. CONCLUSIONS. The Spanish version of the AUA/ @entity1 questionnaire given in an easy format improves feasibility without alteration of reliability or validity. The relation of the AUA/ @entity1 score with uroflowmetry is poor, although the questionnaire can be considered valid and reliable.

title: [The IPPS questionnaire in XXXX and controls. Psychometric validation].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Twenty-eight @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with a new photochemotherapeutic regimen using khellin, a @entity6 , as photosensitizer, together with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) irradiation. Twenty-five @entity0 received khellin orally and three @entity0 were treated with topical khellin. Treatments were given three times weekly. As opposed to psoralens, @entity7 did not induce @entity2 with @entity3 but it induced repigmentation similar to psoralens. The treatment success strongly depended on the number of treatments. More than 70% repigmentation was achieved in 41% of the @entity0 who had received 100 to 200 treatments. This success rate is comparable to the rate obtained with psoralens. Seven @entity0 experienced a mild elevation of liver transaminases within the early treatment phase and their treatments were discontinued. No long-term internal organ or skin @entity1 was observed. The major advantage of khellin is that it does not lead to @entity5 skin erythema and thus can be considered safe for home treatment. Because of its photochemistry it may be considered less hazardous than psoralens regarding mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.

title: Treatment of XXXX with khellin and @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Twenty-eight @entity0 with @entity4 were treated with a new photochemotherapeutic regimen using khellin, a @entity6 , as photosensitizer, together with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) irradiation. Twenty-five @entity0 received khellin orally and three @entity0 were treated with topical khellin. Treatments were given three times weekly. As opposed to psoralens, @entity7 did not induce @entity2 with @entity3 but it induced repigmentation similar to psoralens. The treatment success strongly depended on the number of treatments. More than 70% repigmentation was achieved in 41% of the @entity0 who had received 100 to 200 treatments. This success rate is comparable to the rate obtained with psoralens. Seven @entity0 experienced a mild elevation of liver transaminases within the early treatment phase and their treatments were discontinued. No long-term internal organ or skin @entity1 was observed. The major advantage of khellin is that it does not lead to @entity5 skin erythema and thus can be considered safe for home treatment. Because of its photochemistry it may be considered less hazardous than psoralens regarding mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.

title: Treatment of @entity4 with khellin and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the gross features of articular cartilage wear in @entity2 , and discuss the risk factors for lateral compartmental cartilage @entity3 . METHODS: Data prospectively collected from the dissection of 286 total knee arthroplasties (223 @entity0 ) with @entity2 from January 2013 to December 2013 were analyzed. At the operation, the gross assessments of articular cartilage, ligament and meniscus were recorded, and then the slices were evaluated for histologic analysis. Parameters of the @entity0 with lateral compartmental cartilage @entity3 were compared with those without lateral compartmental cartilage @entity3 using the univariate analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors associated with lateral compartmental cartilage @entity3 . RESULTS: There were 223 @entity0 with 286 knees were included,including 37 male @entity0 (47 knees) and 189 female @entity0 (239 knees), with an average age of (66  8) years (range 50-86 years), body mass index (BMI) was (27  5) kg/m(2) (18.0-40.0 kg/m(2)). Varus degree was 8    4   (1  -34  ). Range of motion was 103    21   (0  -143  ), and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) score was 53  12 (29-76). Seventy-five knees (60 @entity0 ) showed lateral compartmental cartilage wear (26.2%). Environmental factors showed no differences in age, side, gender, BMI, range of motion,and @entity1 score (P>0.05). Factors significantly increasing the risk of lateral compartmental cartilage wear by univariate analysis included varus degree, activity level, duration of onset, meniscus, Weidow grade, Kellgren-Lawrence grade, collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament (P<0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed the factors most highly associated with the increase risk for lateral compartmental wear were high activity level (OR=2.843, 95% CI: 1.010-8.002) and longer duration of onset (OR=1.216, 95% CI: 1.115-1.325). However, intact lateral meniscus (OR=0.012, 95% CI: 0.003-0.048) and anterior cruciate ligament (OR=0.406, 95% CI: 0.192-0.857) were associated with the protection of lateral compartmental. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity2 , the wear incidence of lateral compartmental is low. High activity and increased duration of onset are risk factors of lateral compartmental wear, and intact meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament are protective factors.

title: [Risk factors for lateral compartmental cartilage wear in XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Areca (betel) nuts are popularly used as chewing agents. The nuts are chewed as such or processed by roasting, sundrying, soaking or boiling prior to chewing. Various agents such as slaked lime, @entity1 , betel leaves are often incorporated into the chew. The habits of betel chewing are closely associated with @entity0 and @entity2 . The literature is repleted with numerous works on carcinogenicity of areca nut. It was demonstrated that the incorporation of lime and @entity1 to the nut increase the incidence of mucosal changes. Chewers of soaked or boiled nuts demonstrated lower incidence of mucosal changes than those chewers of raw, sundried or roasted nuts. Estimation of the active chemical constituents in the nuts namely @entity3 and @entity4 following nut treatments by sundrying, roasting, soaking and boiling, revealed reduction in these chemical contents. Marked reductions were observed when the nuts were subjected to soaking and boiling. These reductions may explain for the different in the incidence of the mucosal changes among users of different processed nut varieties.

title: Fate of betel nut chemical constituents following nut treatment prior to chewing and its relation to oral precancerous _ XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity0 with advanced @entity2 ( @entity2 ), the alternation of MOPP with ABVD or hybrid MOPP/ABVD are associated with a high CR rate and a high probability of 5-year survival. However, even after effective chemotherapy the risk of nodal relapse is not negligible, and not only in initial bulky site(s) of disease. For this reason, in an attempt to prevent relapses after combination chemotherapy alone, we performed a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and toxic effects of 6 courses of hybrid MOPP/ABVD followed by radiotherapy (RT) in stages II A bulky, II B, III and also in stage IV with @entity1 of residual after chemotherapy. @entity0 AND METHODS: From January 1985 to August 1993, 133 @entity0 with @entity2 (128 newly diagnosed, stage II A bulky-IV, 5 in first relapse after RT) were treated according to the following program: 6 courses of the hybrid MOPP/ABVD regimen followed by RT (STNI + spleen in stages II A, II B, III without pelvic lymph node involvement, TNI + spleen in stage III with pelvic lymph node involvement, involved field in stage IV with @entity1 or residual after chemotherapy). The total dose of RT was 4000 cGy to the sites of bulky or residual disease and 2000 cGy to the other sites. RESULTS: After hybrid MOPP/ABVD, 107 of 130 (82.3%) fully evaluable @entity0 were classified as in CR or CR(U). After completion of RT, 108 @entity0 were in CR and 3 were in PR, for an overall response rate of 85%. With a median follow-up duration of 45 months, the actuarial 5-year survival is 76% and the progression-free survival 68.6%. So far, only 14 @entity0 have relapsed (6 within the irradiation field) and the 5-year relapse-free survival is 82.5%. CONCLUSION: Six courses of hybrid MOPP/ABVD followed by RT in stages II A bulky, II B, III and in stage IV with @entity1 or residual after chemotherapy produced a high CR rate with low risk of relapse. However, a longer follow-up is necessary to evaluate the late effects of combined therapy.

title: Hybrid MOPP/ABVD and radiotherapy in advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intermediate surgical results of @entity2 valve (AGV) implantation in @entity0 less than 7 years of age, with advanced primary @entity5 who have failed previous surgeries. @entity0 AND METHODS: Consecutive @entity0 with advanced primary @entity5 that failed previous operations and had undergone subsequent AGV implantation were evaluated retrospectively. Surgical success was defined as 1) intraocular pressure (IOP) >= 6 and  <=21 mmHg; 2) IOP reduction of at least 30% relative to preoperative values; and 3) without the need for additional surgical intervention for IOP control, loss of light perception, or serious complications. RESULTS: Fourteen eyes of eleven @entity0 were studied. Preoperatively, the average axial length was 27.71  1.52 (25.56-30.80) mm, corneal diameter was 14.71  1.07 (13.0-16.0) mm, cup-to-disc ratio was 0.95  0.04 (0.9-1.0), and IOP was 39.5  5.7 (30-55) mmHg. The mean follow-up time was 18.29  10.96 (5-44, median 18) months. There were significant reductions in IOPs and the number of @entity2 medications (P<0.001) postoperatively. The IOPs after operation were 11.3  3.4, 13.6  5.1, 16.3  2.7, and 16.1  2.6 mmHg at 1 month, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative probability of valve success were 85.7%, 71.4%, and 71.4% at 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively. Severe surgical complications, including erosion of tube, @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity3 , and delayed @entity1 , occurred in 28.6% cases. CONCLUSION: AGV implantation remains a viable option for @entity0 with advanced primary @entity5 unresponsive to previous surgical intervention, despite a relatively high incidence of severe surgical complications.

title: Outcomes of XXXX valve implantation in advanced primary @entity5 with previous surgical failure.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intermediate surgical results of @entity2 valve (AGV) implantation in @entity0 less than 7 years of age, with advanced primary @entity5 who have failed previous surgeries. @entity0 AND METHODS: Consecutive @entity0 with advanced primary @entity5 that failed previous operations and had undergone subsequent AGV implantation were evaluated retrospectively. Surgical success was defined as 1) intraocular pressure (IOP) >= 6 and  <=21 mmHg; 2) IOP reduction of at least 30% relative to preoperative values; and 3) without the need for additional surgical intervention for IOP control, loss of light perception, or serious complications. RESULTS: Fourteen eyes of eleven @entity0 were studied. Preoperatively, the average axial length was 27.71  1.52 (25.56-30.80) mm, corneal diameter was 14.71  1.07 (13.0-16.0) mm, cup-to-disc ratio was 0.95  0.04 (0.9-1.0), and IOP was 39.5  5.7 (30-55) mmHg. The mean follow-up time was 18.29  10.96 (5-44, median 18) months. There were significant reductions in IOPs and the number of @entity2 medications (P<0.001) postoperatively. The IOPs after operation were 11.3  3.4, 13.6  5.1, 16.3  2.7, and 16.1  2.6 mmHg at 1 month, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative probability of valve success were 85.7%, 71.4%, and 71.4% at 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively. Severe surgical complications, including erosion of tube, @entity4 , @entity3 , @entity3 , and delayed @entity1 , occurred in 28.6% cases. CONCLUSION: AGV implantation remains a viable option for @entity0 with advanced primary @entity5 unresponsive to previous surgical intervention, despite a relatively high incidence of severe surgical complications.

title: Outcomes of @entity2 valve implantation in advanced primary XXXX with previous surgical failure.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The acoustic signal is crucial for animals to obtain information from the surrounding environment. Like other sensory modalities, the central auditory system undergoes adaptive changes (i.e., plasticity) during the developmental stage as well as other stages of life. Owing to its plasticity, auditory centers may be susceptible to various factors, such as medical intervention, variation in ambient acoustic signals and lesion of the peripheral hearing organ. There are critical periods during which auditory centers are vulnerable to abnormal experiences. Particularly in the early postnatal development period, aural inputs are essential for functional maturity of auditory centers. An @entity2 model, which can be achieved by attenuating or blocking the peripheral acoustic afferent input to the auditory center, is ideal for investigating plastic changes of auditory centers. Generally, auditory plasticity includes structural and functional changes, some of which can be irreversible. @entity2 can distort tonotopic maps, disrupt the binaural integration, reorganize the neural network and change the synaptic transmission in the primary auditory cortex or at lower levels of the auditory system. The regulation of specific gene expression and the modified signal pathway may be the deep molecular mechanism of these plastic changes. By studying this model, researchers may explore the pathogenesis of @entity1 and reveal plastic changes of the auditory cortex, facilitating the therapeutic advancement in @entity0 with severe @entity1 . After summarizing developmental features of auditory centers in auditory deprived animals and discussing changes of central auditory remodeling in @entity1 @entity0 , we aim at stressing the significant of an early and well-designed auditory training program for the hearing rehabilitation.

title: Central plasticity and dysfunction elicited by XXXX in the critical period.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Serum amylase shows the greatest increase among the various pancreatic enzymes that increase at the onset of acute @entity6 . However, the diagnostic value of the total serum amylase activity has been questioned due to its lack of specificity. To differentiate @entity7 due to @entity5 from that due to other causes, the activity of pancreatic amylase should be determined by using a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to pancreatic or salivary amylase, or by electrophoresis. The most useful and accurate method for distinguishing pancreatic from salivary-type @entity7 is isoamylase analysis by electrophoresis. In @entity0 with acute @entity6 , increase of Amylase-1 and -2 is accompanied by the appearance of Amylase-4, a minor component of the pancreatic-type isoamylases, and by disappearance of the salivary-type isoenzymes, thereby leaving a pattern of the pancreatic isoenzymes alone. This @entity6 pattern persists for about 10 days after the onset of illness. Therefore, if such a pattern is found in a @entity0 with clinical findings suggesting acute @entity6 despite a normal serum amylase level, the @entity0 can be diagnosed as having acute @entity6 or a recent attack of the disease. However, the existence of an inherited trait of the @entity6 pattern in some healthy individuals must be borne in mind. @entity0 with recurrent chronic @entity6 also show @entity6 , whereas the pancreatic amylase activity decreases when pancreatic exocrine insufficiency progresses. @entity7 due to elevated salivary amylase activity is also common in @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 such as @entity1 ( @entity4 ). @entity7 is also found following various types of operation. In most cases, it is salivary-type @entity7 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Usefulness of amylase isoenzyme determination for the diagnosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Diagnosing @entity3 ( @entity4 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is often difficult due to the wide variety of symptoms and @entity5 in the similar clinical courses and neurological findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of white matter (WM) @entity1 for the diagnosis of @entity0 with clinically diagnosed @entity4 ( @entity4 , @entity7 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 , @entity8 ). METHODS: We randomly divided the 3D T1-weighted MR images of 18 @entity7 @entity0 , 33 @entity8 @entity0 , and 32 age-matched controls into two groups. We obtained segmented WM images in the first group using Voxel-based specific regional analysis system for @entity2 (VSRAD) based on statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 8 plus diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra. A target volume of interest (VOI) for disease-specific @entity1 was subsequently determined in this group using SPM8 group analyses of WM @entity1 between @entity0 groups and controls. We then evaluated the utility of these VOIs for diagnosing @entity7 and @entity8 @entity0 in the second group. Z score values in these VOIs were used as the determinant in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS: Specific target VOIs were determined in the bilateral frontal subcortical WM for @entity7 and in the midbrain tegmentum for @entity8 . In ROC analyses, the target VOIs of @entity7 and @entity8 compared to those of controls exhibited an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99 and 0.84, respectively, which indicated an adequate diagnostic power. The VOI of @entity7 revealed a higher AUC than that of @entity8 for differentiating between @entity7 and @entity8 (AUC, 0.75 vs 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral frontal WM volume reduction demonstrated a higher power for differentiating @entity7 from @entity8 . This VOI analysis is useful for clinically diagnosing @entity7 and @entity8 .

title: The feasibility of white matter volume reduction analysis using SPM8 plus DARTEL for the diagnosis of @entity0 with clinically diagnosed @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Diagnosing @entity3 ( @entity4 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is often difficult due to the wide variety of symptoms and @entity5 in the similar clinical courses and neurological findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of white matter (WM) @entity1 for the diagnosis of @entity0 with clinically diagnosed @entity4 ( @entity4 , @entity7 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 , @entity8 ). METHODS: We randomly divided the 3D T1-weighted MR images of 18 @entity7 @entity0 , 33 @entity8 @entity0 , and 32 age-matched controls into two groups. We obtained segmented WM images in the first group using Voxel-based specific regional analysis system for @entity2 (VSRAD) based on statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 8 plus diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra. A target volume of interest (VOI) for disease-specific @entity1 was subsequently determined in this group using SPM8 group analyses of WM @entity1 between @entity0 groups and controls. We then evaluated the utility of these VOIs for diagnosing @entity7 and @entity8 @entity0 in the second group. Z score values in these VOIs were used as the determinant in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS: Specific target VOIs were determined in the bilateral frontal subcortical WM for @entity7 and in the midbrain tegmentum for @entity8 . In ROC analyses, the target VOIs of @entity7 and @entity8 compared to those of controls exhibited an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99 and 0.84, respectively, which indicated an adequate diagnostic power. The VOI of @entity7 revealed a higher AUC than that of @entity8 for differentiating between @entity7 and @entity8 (AUC, 0.75 vs 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral frontal WM volume reduction demonstrated a higher power for differentiating @entity7 from @entity8 . This VOI analysis is useful for clinically diagnosing @entity7 and @entity8 .

title: The feasibility of white matter volume reduction analysis using SPM8 plus DARTEL for the diagnosis of @entity0 with clinically diagnosed XXXX and @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Diagnosing @entity3 ( @entity4 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is often difficult due to the wide variety of symptoms and @entity5 in the similar clinical courses and neurological findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of white matter (WM) @entity1 for the diagnosis of @entity0 with clinically diagnosed @entity4 ( @entity4 , @entity7 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 , @entity8 ). METHODS: We randomly divided the 3D T1-weighted MR images of 18 @entity7 @entity0 , 33 @entity8 @entity0 , and 32 age-matched controls into two groups. We obtained segmented WM images in the first group using Voxel-based specific regional analysis system for @entity2 (VSRAD) based on statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 8 plus diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated Lie algebra. A target volume of interest (VOI) for disease-specific @entity1 was subsequently determined in this group using SPM8 group analyses of WM @entity1 between @entity0 groups and controls. We then evaluated the utility of these VOIs for diagnosing @entity7 and @entity8 @entity0 in the second group. Z score values in these VOIs were used as the determinant in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. RESULTS: Specific target VOIs were determined in the bilateral frontal subcortical WM for @entity7 and in the midbrain tegmentum for @entity8 . In ROC analyses, the target VOIs of @entity7 and @entity8 compared to those of controls exhibited an area under curve (AUC) of 0.99 and 0.84, respectively, which indicated an adequate diagnostic power. The VOI of @entity7 revealed a higher AUC than that of @entity8 for differentiating between @entity7 and @entity8 (AUC, 0.75 vs 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral frontal WM volume reduction demonstrated a higher power for differentiating @entity7 from @entity8 . This VOI analysis is useful for clinically diagnosing @entity7 and @entity8 .

title: The feasibility of white matter volume reduction analysis using SPM8 plus DARTEL for the diagnosis of XXXX with clinically diagnosed @entity4 and @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Deletions of the short arm of chromosome 11 have been identified by both cytogenetic and molecular criteria in @entity1 , indicating the presence of one or more suppressor loci in this region. To localize the 11p deletion target(s) more precisely and to screen for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on the long arm of the chromosome, 100 @entity1 were analyzed for LOH on chromosome 11 using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and microsatellite markers mapped to both 11p and 11q. Thirty-four @entity0 were found to have LOH at 1 or more loci. Of these, 17 had LOH restricted to 11p, 13 had LOH of both 11p and 11q, and 4 had LOH of 11q only. @entity0 showed LOH at all informative loci indicating probable loss of an entire copy of chromosome 11. A common region of deletion was defined on 11p between D11S922 (11p15.5) and D11S569 (11p15.1-15.2). This region does not include the @entity2 or @entity3 loci (at 11p15.5 and 11p13, respectively). Seventeen @entity0 had LOH on 11q, 4 of which had LOH on 11q only. The common region of deletion on 11q was between @entity4 and D11S490 (11q13-q23.2). Two @entity0 showed LOH on both 11p and 11q with a clear region of retention of heterozygosity between, indicating the existence of two deletion targets on chromosome 11.

title: Deletion mapping of chromosome 11 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity2 soluble (US) and @entity2 insoluble (UI) fractions from individual @entity0 lenses 1.8 to 65 years of age were isolated from concentric fiber layers. In lenses younger than 19 years, a uniform distribution in the amount of @entity5 , US and UI fractions was found throughout the entire lens. These fractions represent 83, 11.5 and 5.5%, respectively, of the lens dry weight. This composition was observed with the cortical fibers of all lenses examined up to the 65-year old. In the nuclear fiber layers, the proportion of US protein gradually increases in the third to fourth decade of lens growth and appears to have reached a maximum representing 22-24% of the nuclear fiber mass in 50-year and older lenses. A large increase in the amount of the UI fraction to 30% of the fiber mass was observed in lenses between the 5th and 6th decade of lens growth. The change from the cortical to nuclear composition occurs in a narrow region of the lens which becomes more peripheral with aging. The cortical @entity5 fractions were characterized by well defined @entity3 gel bands in @entity4 ( @entity1 ). Those of the nuclear fibers were broadened, especially in the 27/29 and 16/18 kilodalton (KD) region. The disappearance of the 20/22 KD bands in the inner cortical and nuclear fibers cannot be accounted for by the small increase in protein insolubilization in these regions of lenses 40 years or younger.

title: Changes in lens protein in concentric fractions from individual normal XXXX lenses.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 @entity9 + cells were subfractionated into three size classes using counterflow centrifugal elutriation followed by immunoadsorption to @entity4 cell separation devices. The three @entity9 + cell fractions (Fr), Fr 25/29, Fr 33/37, and Fr RO, had mean sizes of 8.5, 9.3 and 13.5 microns, respectively. The majority of cells in the large Fr RO @entity9 + cell population expressed the committed stage antigens @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity12 , or HLA-DR and contained the majority of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units ( @entity14 ), burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), and CFU-mixed lineage (GEMM). In contrast, the small Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cells were devoid of committed cell surface antigens and lacked colony-forming activity. When seeded to allogeneic stroma, Fr RO @entity9 + cells produced few @entity14 at week 5, whereas cells from the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell population showed a 30- to 55-fold expansion of myeloid progenitors at this same time point. Furthermore, @entity9 + cells from each size fraction supported ontogeny of T cells in @entity0 thymus/liver grafts in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity1 . Upon cell cycle analyses, greater than 97% of the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cells were in G0/G1 phase, whereas greater proportions of the two larger @entity9 + cell fractions were in active cell cycle. Binding of the cytokines @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity3 , @entity13 ( @entity13 ), @entity15 , @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and @entity11 to these @entity9 + cell populations was also analyzed by flow cytometry. As compared with the larger @entity9 + cell fractions, cells in the small Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell population possessed the highest numbers of receptors for @entity13 , @entity15 , and @entity7 . Collectively, these results indicate that the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell is a very primitive, quiescent progenitor cell population possessing a high number of receptors for @entity13 and @entity15 and capable of yielding both myeloid and lymphoid lineages when placed in appropriate in vitro or in vivo culture conditions.

title: Isolation of small, primitive XXXX hematopoietic stem cells: distribution of cell surface cytokine receptors and growth in @entity2 -Hu @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 @entity9 + cells were subfractionated into three size classes using counterflow centrifugal elutriation followed by immunoadsorption to @entity4 cell separation devices. The three @entity9 + cell fractions (Fr), Fr 25/29, Fr 33/37, and Fr RO, had mean sizes of 8.5, 9.3 and 13.5 microns, respectively. The majority of cells in the large Fr RO @entity9 + cell population expressed the committed stage antigens @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity12 , or HLA-DR and contained the majority of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units ( @entity14 ), burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), and CFU-mixed lineage (GEMM). In contrast, the small Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cells were devoid of committed cell surface antigens and lacked colony-forming activity. When seeded to allogeneic stroma, Fr RO @entity9 + cells produced few @entity14 at week 5, whereas cells from the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell population showed a 30- to 55-fold expansion of myeloid progenitors at this same time point. Furthermore, @entity9 + cells from each size fraction supported ontogeny of T cells in @entity0 thymus/liver grafts in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity1 . Upon cell cycle analyses, greater than 97% of the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cells were in G0/G1 phase, whereas greater proportions of the two larger @entity9 + cell fractions were in active cell cycle. Binding of the cytokines @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity3 , @entity13 ( @entity13 ), @entity15 , @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and @entity11 to these @entity9 + cell populations was also analyzed by flow cytometry. As compared with the larger @entity9 + cell fractions, cells in the small Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell population possessed the highest numbers of receptors for @entity13 , @entity15 , and @entity7 . Collectively, these results indicate that the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell is a very primitive, quiescent progenitor cell population possessing a high number of receptors for @entity13 and @entity15 and capable of yielding both myeloid and lymphoid lineages when placed in appropriate in vitro or in vivo culture conditions.

title: Isolation of small, primitive @entity0 hematopoietic stem cells: distribution of cell surface cytokine receptors and growth in XXXX -Hu @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 @entity9 + cells were subfractionated into three size classes using counterflow centrifugal elutriation followed by immunoadsorption to @entity4 cell separation devices. The three @entity9 + cell fractions (Fr), Fr 25/29, Fr 33/37, and Fr RO, had mean sizes of 8.5, 9.3 and 13.5 microns, respectively. The majority of cells in the large Fr RO @entity9 + cell population expressed the committed stage antigens @entity6 , @entity5 , @entity12 , or HLA-DR and contained the majority of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units ( @entity14 ), burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E), and CFU-mixed lineage (GEMM). In contrast, the small Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cells were devoid of committed cell surface antigens and lacked colony-forming activity. When seeded to allogeneic stroma, Fr RO @entity9 + cells produced few @entity14 at week 5, whereas cells from the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell population showed a 30- to 55-fold expansion of myeloid progenitors at this same time point. Furthermore, @entity9 + cells from each size fraction supported ontogeny of T cells in @entity0 thymus/liver grafts in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity1 . Upon cell cycle analyses, greater than 97% of the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cells were in G0/G1 phase, whereas greater proportions of the two larger @entity9 + cell fractions were in active cell cycle. Binding of the cytokines @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity3 , @entity13 ( @entity13 ), @entity15 , @entity8 ( @entity8 ), and @entity11 to these @entity9 + cell populations was also analyzed by flow cytometry. As compared with the larger @entity9 + cell fractions, cells in the small Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell population possessed the highest numbers of receptors for @entity13 , @entity15 , and @entity7 . Collectively, these results indicate that the Fr 25/29 @entity9 + cell is a very primitive, quiescent progenitor cell population possessing a high number of receptors for @entity13 and @entity15 and capable of yielding both myeloid and lymphoid lineages when placed in appropriate in vitro or in vivo culture conditions.

title: Isolation of small, primitive @entity0 hematopoietic stem cells: distribution of cell surface cytokine receptors and growth in @entity2 -Hu XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Generally, @entity1 tissue is palpated as a hard mass. However, the elastic nature of @entity1 tissue is not well understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical utility of measuring the elastic modulus (EM) in @entity2 tissue. Using a tactile sensor, we measured the EM of 106 surgically resected @entity2 tissues. Data on the EM were compared with clinicopathological findings, including stromal features represented by Azan staining and the @entity3 positive area ratio of the @entity1 area. Finally, a cDNA microarray profile of the @entity1 with high EM were compared with the findings of @entity1 with low EM. A higher EM in @entity1 was associated with pathological T, N, and M-stage @entity1 (P < 0.001, P = 0.001 and P = 0.011, respectively). @entity0 with high EM @entity1 had shorter disease-free survival than had @entity0 with low EM. The EM showed strongly positive correlation with the Azan staining positive area ratio (r = 0.908) and the @entity3 positive area ratio (r = 0.921). Finally, the cDNA microarray data of the @entity1 with high EM revealed a distinct gene expression profile compared with data from those @entity1 with low EM. The assessment of the elasticity of @entity2 tissue may allow a more accurate clinical stage and prognosis estimation. The distinct phenotypical features of the high EM @entity1 and their strong association with stromal features suggest the existence of a biological mechanism involved in this phenomenon that may contribute to future therapy.

title: Assessment of elasticity of XXXX tissue, clinical utility, pathological and phenotypical relevance.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Nine (4%) first recurrences that involved the perineum were identified in a randomized study of 202 @entity0 treated by no further therapy, chemotherapy only, radiotherapy only, combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy, following complete surgical excision of @entity3 . Six of these were in unirradiated @entity0 and in two of the three irradiated @entity0 the perineum was included in the treatment volume. Eight of the nine @entity0 were male and all nine had received abdominoperineal resection (APR). Our quality assurance procedures identified 22 of 96 irradiated @entity0 in whom the perineum was grossly outside the fields. Sixteen of these had undergone APR. As only one of these 16 relapsed in the perineum no definite effect of the surgical procedure on the likelihood of perineal recurrence could be demonstrated. Examination of the pathology reports revealed that 28 @entity0 undergoing APR had @entity1 within 2 cm of the anorectal junction (pectinate line). Five (17.8%) developed perineal recurrence compared with 4 (3.6%) of 110 @entity0 whose @entity1 were more than 2 cm from the anus (p less than 0.02-Fisher exact test). No survival differences could be demonstrated between those receiving perineal irradiation and those not but perineal irradiation was associated with @entity2 with at least nine (12.2%) out of 74 developing severe complications directly related to the perineum. The routine inclusion of the perineum in postoperative pelvic irradiation fields for all cases of @entity3 is questioned. Our current policy following APR includes optional coverage of the perineum for those @entity1 more than 5 cm from the anorectal junction.

title: Perineal effects of postoperative treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: During a 10-year period, 28 @entity0 with @entity6 due to epidural @entity4 and 47 @entity0 with cerebral involvement of @entity4 were treated with radiation at our institution. Fifty-four percent of the @entity0 with @entity6 had this complication at the time of initial presentation of the disease, whereas only 4% with cerebral involvement presented with CNS symptoms. Only one @entity0 had primary @entity4 solely located in the brain. Characteristically, a majority of the @entity0 with @entity3 several months before developing @entity1 . Because only one-third of the @entity0 had positive spine roentgenograms at the time of @entity6 , a CT scan is suggested in @entity0 with @entity3 in order to verify a @entity4 . Thus @entity6 may be avoided by early diagnosis and treatment. Among the @entity0 with @entity6 , Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's histology were equally represented, whereas only 6% had @entity5 among the @entity0 with cerebral involvement of @entity4 . The response to treatment defined as improvement in @entity2 in the @entity0 with @entity6 was approximately 90% in both the Hodgkin's and the non-Hodgkin's group. No difference in response was found among @entity0 who had laminectomy compared to @entity0 who did not. @entity0 receiving high dose, short-term treatment (5 Gy X 5-6) responded equally to @entity0 receiving low dose, long-term treatment (2 Gy X 18-20). The median survival from initiation of radiation therapy in @entity0 developing @entity6 or cerebral involvement during relapse was 30 months. In @entity0 with @entity6 at initial presentation of the disease, median survival had not been reached after 5 years. Among @entity0 with cerebral involvement 50% had improvement of @entity1 with no difference between @entity0 receiving high dose, short-term and @entity0 receiving low dose, long-term treatment. It is concluded that high dose, short-term irradiation is as effective as low dose treatment. Especially in @entity0 with @entity1 at relapse, this treatment schedule is preferred because of the extremely short survival of these @entity0 .

title: Central nervous system complications by XXXX : radiation schedule and treatment results.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PROBLEM: To evaluate differences in circulating @entity3 + cells between successful and unsuccessful pregnancies, 114 pregnant @entity0 were studied prospectively. METHOD: Seventy @entity0 had a history of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and 44 had two or more @entity2 (RSA). Among the @entity1 @entity0 , 12 were donor egg recipients (DER) and 15 underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for treatment of @entity4 . Nineteen @entity0 were carrying @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and 55 had singleton gestations (SG). Thirteen additional @entity0 were receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). RESULTS: The percentage of @entity3 + cells was determined in 310 blood samples from 114 pregnant @entity0 by flow cytometry. The prevalence of @entity0 with persistent elevation of percent of 56+ cells (> 12%) was 58% among DER, 73% among ICSI, 37% among @entity5 , 22% among SG, 18% among RSA, and 39% among @entity1 . Thirteen @entity0 with SG received IVIG, 10 had @entity3 + cells greater than 12% and all 13 experienced live births. @entity0 with percentage @entity3 + cells persistently greater than 12% who were not DER, not ICSI, not receiving IVIg, and not carrying @entity5 had a live birth rate of 11%. @entity0 with greater than 12% @entity3 + cells had normal karyotype in 78% of concepti studied in contrast to @entity0 less than 12% @entity3 + cells who had 68% abnormal karyotypes (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: Elevated @entity3 + cells in pregnant @entity0 who are not DER, not ICSI, not receiving IVIg, and not carrying @entity5 predicts loss of a karyotypically normal conceptus with a specificity of 87% and positive predictive value of 78%. While the specificity value of this test is high in both @entity1 and RSA populations, the sensitivity is 86% in RSA and only 54% in @entity1 suggesting this test does not identify all losses among @entity1 . It may identify a subset of pregnancies at risk for loss of a karyotypically normal embryo that may respond to treatment with IVIg.

title: Systemic XXXX + cells can predict pregnancy outcome.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It was reported previously that circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels are abnormally elevated in @entity0 with essential @entity1 and @entity2 . Tissue availability of the factor depends on the distribution of the circulating bound factor between its high- and low-molecular mass binding proteins, only the latter being able to cross the endothelium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of the different serum binding proteins is altered in @entity0 with essential @entity1 and @entity2 . DESIGN: The study was performed in 30 never-treated @entity0 with essential @entity1 and 30 age- and sex-matched normotensive subjects. @entity0 were separated into two groups according to the presence or the absence of echocardiographically determined @entity2 . METHODS: Plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels were determined by specific radioimmunoassay. The different molecular forms of its serum binding proteins were analysed by Western blotting using [125I]-labelled insulin-like growth factor I. A densitometric scanning of the blots was performed to analyse the quantitative relationships between the different forms of binding proteins. RESULTS: Insulin-like growth factor I levels were significantly higher in the @entity1 @entity0 with than in the @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 or in the normotensive subjects. Compared with the normotensive subjects, both @entity1 @entity0 subgroups exhibited increased high-molecular mass binding protein type 3 and decreased low-molecular mass binding proteins types 1 and 2. However, changes in the binding proteins were more marked in the @entity1 @entity0 without than in the @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 . Accordingly, the ratio of low- to high-molecular mass binding proteins (an index of insulin-like growth factor I bioavailability) was higher in the @entity1 @entity0 with than in the @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the distribution of the molecular forms of serum insulin-like growth factor binding proteins is altered in @entity0 with essential @entity1 , independently of insulin-like growth factor I levels. This suggests that regulation of the binding proteins is abnormal in essential @entity1 . Whether the tissue availability of circulating insulin-like growth factor I is higher in @entity1 @entity0 with than in @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 merits further investigation.

title: Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in arterial @entity1 : relationship to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It was reported previously that circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels are abnormally elevated in @entity0 with essential @entity1 and @entity2 . Tissue availability of the factor depends on the distribution of the circulating bound factor between its high- and low-molecular mass binding proteins, only the latter being able to cross the endothelium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of the different serum binding proteins is altered in @entity0 with essential @entity1 and @entity2 . DESIGN: The study was performed in 30 never-treated @entity0 with essential @entity1 and 30 age- and sex-matched normotensive subjects. @entity0 were separated into two groups according to the presence or the absence of echocardiographically determined @entity2 . METHODS: Plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels were determined by specific radioimmunoassay. The different molecular forms of its serum binding proteins were analysed by Western blotting using [125I]-labelled insulin-like growth factor I. A densitometric scanning of the blots was performed to analyse the quantitative relationships between the different forms of binding proteins. RESULTS: Insulin-like growth factor I levels were significantly higher in the @entity1 @entity0 with than in the @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 or in the normotensive subjects. Compared with the normotensive subjects, both @entity1 @entity0 subgroups exhibited increased high-molecular mass binding protein type 3 and decreased low-molecular mass binding proteins types 1 and 2. However, changes in the binding proteins were more marked in the @entity1 @entity0 without than in the @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 . Accordingly, the ratio of low- to high-molecular mass binding proteins (an index of insulin-like growth factor I bioavailability) was higher in the @entity1 @entity0 with than in the @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the distribution of the molecular forms of serum insulin-like growth factor binding proteins is altered in @entity0 with essential @entity1 , independently of insulin-like growth factor I levels. This suggests that regulation of the binding proteins is abnormal in essential @entity1 . Whether the tissue availability of circulating insulin-like growth factor I is higher in @entity1 @entity0 with than in @entity1 @entity0 without @entity2 merits further investigation.

title: Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in arterial XXXX : relationship to @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This is a report of a group of 106 @entity0 with @entity1 treated by the twice-a-day radiation therapy program at the Massachusetts General Hospital from October 1979 through April 1984. The program consisted of 1.6 Gy per fraction, 2 fractions a day, 5 days a week for a total of 64 Gy with 2 weeks rest after the twelfth b.i.d. day. The local control of this group of @entity0 was compared to that of 79 @entity0 treated by the conventional once-a-day program with a daily fraction of 1.8 Gy for a total of 65 Gy, at the same institution during the 4 years immediately prior to the b.i.d. program. The 3 year actuarial local control rate for the entire group following the twice-a-day program was 76% as compared to 50% after the once-a-day program. The difference was significant, p = 0.001. For the T1 and T2 lesions, the corresponding rates were 88 and 63%, respectively, with a p value of 0.029. The rates for T3 and T4 lesions were 66 and 33%, respectively, p = 0.0037. The study indicated that the twice-a-day radiation therapy program as outlined is effective in treatment of @entity1 , and is more markedly effective in advanced lesions. Late radiation effects are minimal and salvage surgery is possible for radiation therapy failures. To date, no @entity0 developed radiation @entity2 following the b.i.d. program with the dose to the spinal cord limited to 38.4 Gy in 2.5 weeks.

title: Twice-a-day radiation therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1