abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity2 is an important @entity0 suppressor gene (TSG) and aberrant methylation of promoter is known to be a major inactivation mechanism of the @entity0 suppressor and @entity0 -related genes. Aberrant TSG methylation was considered an important epigenetic silencing mechanism in the progression of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, some studies have reported differences in the methylation frequencies of @entity2 promoter between @entity0 and the corresponding control group. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to better identify the association. METHODS: PubMed, Ovid, ISI Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched to identify eligible studies to evaluate the association of @entity2 promoter methylation and @entity1 . Odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated to evaluate the strength of association between @entity2 promoter methylation and @entity1 . RESULTS: A total of twenty-one studies with 1155 cases and 1017 controls were included in the meta-analysis. The frequencies of @entity2 promoter methylation in the @entity0 group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( @entity0 group: median: 46.67%, range = 7.84%-95.12%; control group: median: 18.37%, range = 0-83.33%; respectively). The pooled odds ratio was 3.37 (95%CI = 2.32-4.90) in the @entity0 group versus the corresponding control group under the random-effects model. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis of 21 published studies identified that aberrant methylation of @entity2 promoter was found to be significantly associated with @entity1 .

title: Association between @entity2 Promoter Methylation and XXXX : A Meta-Analysis of 21 Published Studies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity2 ) are at increased risk of complications from @entity5 . Although the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recognized @entity2 as high-risk conditions for @entity5 complications since 2005, little is known about @entity5 vaccination practices in this population. METHODS: CDC collaborated with Family Voices, a national advocacy group for @entity0 with special healthcare needs, to recruit parents of @entity0 with chronic medical conditions. Parents were surveyed about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices surrounding @entity5 vaccination. The primary outcome of interest was parental report of vaccination, or intent to vaccinate, at the time of survey participation. CDC also collaborated with the American Academy of Pediatrics to recruit primary care and specialty physicians who provide care for high-risk @entity0 , specifically those with neurologic conditions. The primary outcome was physician recognition of ACIP high-risk @entity5 conditions. RESULTS: 2138 surveys were completed by parents of @entity0 with high-risk conditions, including 1143 with at least one NNDD. Overall, 50% of @entity0 with an NNDD were vaccinated, or their parents planned to have them vaccinated against @entity5 . Among all 2138 @entity0 , in multivariable analysis, the presence of a @entity7 and prior seasonal @entity5 vaccination was significantly associated with receipt or planned current season @entity5 vaccination, but the presence of an NNDD was not. 412 pediatricians completed the provider survey. @entity4 was recognized as a high-risk @entity5 condition by 74% of physician respondents, but @entity3 (51%) and @entity6 (46%) were less commonly identified. CONCLUSIONS: Our estimates of @entity5 vaccination in @entity0 with @entity2 are comparable to published reports of vaccination in healthy @entity0 , which continue to be suboptimal. Education of parents of @entity0 with @entity2 and healthcare providers about @entity5 and the benefit of annual @entity5 vaccination is needed.

title: Influenza vaccination in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity2 ) are at increased risk of complications from @entity5 . Although the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recognized @entity2 as high-risk conditions for @entity5 complications since 2005, little is known about @entity5 vaccination practices in this population. METHODS: CDC collaborated with Family Voices, a national advocacy group for @entity0 with special healthcare needs, to recruit parents of @entity0 with chronic medical conditions. Parents were surveyed about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices surrounding @entity5 vaccination. The primary outcome of interest was parental report of vaccination, or intent to vaccinate, at the time of survey participation. CDC also collaborated with the American Academy of Pediatrics to recruit primary care and specialty physicians who provide care for high-risk @entity0 , specifically those with neurologic conditions. The primary outcome was physician recognition of ACIP high-risk @entity5 conditions. RESULTS: 2138 surveys were completed by parents of @entity0 with high-risk conditions, including 1143 with at least one NNDD. Overall, 50% of @entity0 with an NNDD were vaccinated, or their parents planned to have them vaccinated against @entity5 . Among all 2138 @entity0 , in multivariable analysis, the presence of a @entity7 and prior seasonal @entity5 vaccination was significantly associated with receipt or planned current season @entity5 vaccination, but the presence of an NNDD was not. 412 pediatricians completed the provider survey. @entity4 was recognized as a high-risk @entity5 condition by 74% of physician respondents, but @entity3 (51%) and @entity6 (46%) were less commonly identified. CONCLUSIONS: Our estimates of @entity5 vaccination in @entity0 with @entity2 are comparable to published reports of vaccination in healthy @entity0 , which continue to be suboptimal. Education of parents of @entity0 with @entity2 and healthcare providers about @entity5 and the benefit of annual @entity5 vaccination is needed.

title: Influenza vaccination in XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Needle aspirates from 53 inflamed cervical lymph glands were studies for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and mycobacteria. Bacterial growth was achieved in 45 @entity0 (85%). Sixty-six bacterial isolates were recovered, averaging 1.5 isolates per specimen (0.8 aerobes and 0.7 anaerobes), with as many as 4 isolates in some specimens. Aerobic organisms alone were recovered in 27 aspirates (60%) of the 45 culture-positive aspirates, anaerobic bacteria alone in 8 (18%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 9 specimens (20%). Mycobacterium scrofulaceum was recovered in one (2%). The predominant aerobic organisms were @entity1 (14 isolates) and group A beta hemolytic streptococci (8). A total of 31 anaerobes were recovered, including gram-positive cocci (9, including 6 Peptococcus sp. and 3 Peptostreptococcus sp.), 8 Bacteroides sp. (including 3 @entity5 ), 5 @entity3 , and 4 @entity4 . These data demonstrate the role of anaerobic organisms in cervical @entity2 and the need to culture aspirated material for both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.

title: Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of cervical XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Needle aspirates from 53 inflamed cervical lymph glands were studies for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and mycobacteria. Bacterial growth was achieved in 45 @entity0 (85%). Sixty-six bacterial isolates were recovered, averaging 1.5 isolates per specimen (0.8 aerobes and 0.7 anaerobes), with as many as 4 isolates in some specimens. Aerobic organisms alone were recovered in 27 aspirates (60%) of the 45 culture-positive aspirates, anaerobic bacteria alone in 8 (18%), and mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in 9 specimens (20%). Mycobacterium scrofulaceum was recovered in one (2%). The predominant aerobic organisms were @entity1 (14 isolates) and group A beta hemolytic streptococci (8). A total of 31 anaerobes were recovered, including gram-positive cocci (9, including 6 Peptococcus sp. and 3 Peptostreptococcus sp.), 8 Bacteroides sp. (including 3 @entity5 ), 5 @entity3 , and 4 @entity4 . These data demonstrate the role of anaerobic organisms in cervical @entity2 and the need to culture aspirated material for both aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.

title: Aerobic and anaerobic bacteriology of cervical @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity3 emergency has a high mortality risk and the treatment goal is to quickly lower blood pressure with intravenous (IV) medications. Characteristics that are associated with non-response to IV antihypertensives have not been identified. The objective is to identify @entity0 characteristics associated with resistance to IV antihypertensives. METHODS: This was a subanalysis of @entity0 enrolled in the previously described comparative effectiveness trial of IV @entity4 vs. @entity5 use in the emergency department (CLUE) study, a randomized trial of @entity4 vs. @entity5 . Non-responders were defined as those @entity0 who did not achieve target systolic blood pressure (SBP), as set by the treating physician, within thirty minutes of IV antihypertensive medication, +/- 20mmHg. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify covariates associated with the measurement outcomes. RESULTS: CLUE enrolled 226 @entity0 , 52.7% female, 76.4% black, mean age of 52.6  14.6 years, of whom 110 were treated with @entity4 and 116 with @entity5 . The median (IQR) initial systolic blood pressure was 211mmHg (198, 226), 210 (200, 230), and 211mmHg (198, 226), for the total, non-responder, and responder cohorts, respectively (p-value=0.65, 95% CI [-5.8-11.3]). Twenty-nine were non-responders, 9 in the @entity4 and 20 in the @entity5 group. In univariate analysis, several symptoms suggestive of @entity1 were associated with non-response. After multiple variable logistic regression (AUC = 0.72), treatment with @entity5 (OR 2.7, 95% CI [1.1-6.7]), history of @entity2 (OR 5.4, 95% CI [1.6-18.5]), and being male (OR 3.3, 95% CI [1.4-8.1]) were associated with failure to achieve target blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Male gender and history of previous @entity2 are associated with difficult to control blood pressure.

title: Characteristics of XXXX That Do Not Initially Respond to Intravenous Antihypertensives in the Emergency Department: Subanalysis of the CLUE Trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Many @entity0 with @entity3 in the United States experience a deteriorating course of @entity4 despite naturalistic treatment in the community. We examined a variety of factors associated with this pattern of @entity4 progression. METHOD: From 1995 to 2002, we studied 634 adult outpatients with @entity3 (mean age of 40 years) emanating from 4 sites in the United States. @entity0 gave informed consent and completed a detailed questionnaire about demographic, vulnerability, and course-of- @entity4 factors and indicated whether their @entity4 had shown a pattern of increasing frequency or severity of @entity3 or @entity5 episodes. Fifteen factors previously linked in the literature to a poor outcome were examined for their relationship to @entity4 progression using Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by a 2-sample Wilcoxon rank sum (Mann-Whitney) test,   (2), and logistical regression. RESULTS: All of the putative poor prognosis factors occurred with a high incidence, and, with the exception of @entity1 , were significantly (P < .05) associated with @entity4 progression. These factors included indicators of genetic and psychosocial risk and loss of social support, early onset, long delay to first treatment, @entity2 and @entity6 comorbidity, rapid cycling in any year, and the occurrence of more than 20 prior episodes prior to entering the network. A greater number of factors were linearly associated with the likelihood of a progressively worsening course. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple genetic, psychosocial, and @entity4 factors were associated with a deteriorating course of @entity3 from onset to study entry in adulthood. The identification of these factors provides important targets for earlier and more effective therapeutic intervention in the hope of achieving a more benign course of @entity3 .

title: Illness progression as a function of independent and accumulating poor prognosis factors in outpatients with XXXX in the United States.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Parathyroid cells release @entity7 ( @entity7 ), which controls @entity4 homeostasis. Loss of parathyroid cells results in @entity3 and consequent low-turnover @entity2 . Here, we investigated whether our recently-established @entity0 tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSC) restore in  vivo parathyroid cell function in @entity1 with parathyroidectomy (PTX). Compared with undifferentiated control TMSC, TMSC differentiated with @entity9 and soluble sonic hedgehog induced a significant release of @entity7 as early as day 7, with increased @entity7 release occurring in response to lower @entity4 levels and vice versa. Released @entity7 increased @entity8 expression and @entity5 red S staining in preosteoblastic cells, indicating its functional activity. PTX @entity1 fed @entity4 -free diet only survived for    10 days. Subcutaneous injection with TMSC alone did not increase their survival rates, regardless of differentiation. However, survival rates increased for up to 28 days in response to TMSC embedded in Matrigel (TMSC-MA), showing 40% and 80% in control and differentiated TMSC-MA, respectively. When compared with continuous increases by control TMSC-MA, stable levels of secreted @entity7 and serum ionized @entity4 were found in @entity6 @entity1 with differentiated TMSC-MA. This is the first report that differentiated TMSC resemble parathyroid cells and, if embedded in Matrigel, restore in  vivo parathyroid function.

title: Differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells embedded in Matrigel restore parathyroid cell functions in XXXX with parathyroidectomy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: IMPORTANCE: @entity2 has become an important health problem. A lack of concordance between self-reported symptoms and the outcome of @entity1 has raised questions about @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between subjective happiness and objective and subjective symptoms of @entity2 . DESIGN: The study adopted a cross-sectional design. SETTING: All the employees of a company in Osaka, Japan. @entity0 : 672 Japanese office workers using Visual Display Terminals (age range: 26-64 years). METHODS: The @entity1 measurement tools included the Schirmer test, conjunctivocorneal staining, the tear film break-up time, as well as the administration of a @entity1 questionnaire. @entity3 was measured by the Subjective @entity3 Scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity1 , @entity1 questionnaires, and the Subjective @entity3 Scale score. RESULTS: Of the 672 workers, 561 (83.5%) completed the questionnaires and examinations. The mean Subjective @entity3 Scale score was 4.91 (SD = 1.01). This score was inversely correlated with the @entity1 score (r = -0.188, p < 0.001), but was not associated with objective findings which include conjunctivocorneal staining, low Schirmer test score, or low tear film break-up time. The level of subjective happiness was the lowest in the group without objective results, but reported subjective symptoms of @entity1 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: There is evidence of the relationship between subjective happiness and self-reported symptoms of @entity1 . Findings of this study revealed a new perspective on @entity2 , including the potential for innovative treatments of a specific population with @entity2 .

title: Associations between Subjective XXXX and @entity2 : A New Perspective from the Osaka Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: IMPORTANCE: @entity2 has become an important health problem. A lack of concordance between self-reported symptoms and the outcome of @entity1 has raised questions about @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between subjective happiness and objective and subjective symptoms of @entity2 . DESIGN: The study adopted a cross-sectional design. SETTING: All the employees of a company in Osaka, Japan. @entity0 : 672 Japanese office workers using Visual Display Terminals (age range: 26-64 years). METHODS: The @entity1 measurement tools included the Schirmer test, conjunctivocorneal staining, the tear film break-up time, as well as the administration of a @entity1 questionnaire. @entity3 was measured by the Subjective @entity3 Scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity1 , @entity1 questionnaires, and the Subjective @entity3 Scale score. RESULTS: Of the 672 workers, 561 (83.5%) completed the questionnaires and examinations. The mean Subjective @entity3 Scale score was 4.91 (SD = 1.01). This score was inversely correlated with the @entity1 score (r = -0.188, p < 0.001), but was not associated with objective findings which include conjunctivocorneal staining, low Schirmer test score, or low tear film break-up time. The level of subjective happiness was the lowest in the group without objective results, but reported subjective symptoms of @entity1 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: There is evidence of the relationship between subjective happiness and self-reported symptoms of @entity1 . Findings of this study revealed a new perspective on @entity2 , including the potential for innovative treatments of a specific population with @entity2 .

title: Associations between Subjective @entity3 and XXXX : A New Perspective from the Osaka Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Small studies suggest an association of donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (DSAs) with @entity1 (GF) following haploidentical stem cell transplantation, but primary graft rejection (GR) was not discriminated from primary poor graft function (PGF). In this study, we aimed to determine the association of DSAs with primary GF, including GR and PGF, in @entity0 who underwent unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplantation. METHODS: A total of 345 subjects were prospectively recruited and randomly selected as training group (n   =   173) and validation group (n   =   172). Patient plasma/serum was screened. For HLA antibody positive samples with a median fluorescent intensity (MFI) >500, DSAs were further tested using a LABScreen Single Antigen Kit (One Lambda). RESULTS: A total of 342 @entity0 (99.1  %) achieved sustained myeloid engraftment. The median times to neutrophil engraftment and platelet engraftment were 13  days (range, 8-28 days) and 18  days (range, 6-330 days), respectively. The cumulative incidence of primary GF was 6.4        1.3  % and included GR (0.9        0.5  %) and PGF (5.5        1.2  %). Of the 345 cases tested, 39 (11.3  %) were DSA positive. Multivariate models showed that DSAs (MFI   >=    10,000) were correlated to primary GR (P   <   0.001) and that DSAs (MFI   >=    2000) were strongly associated with primary PGF (P   =   0.005). All @entity0 were classified into three groups for analysis. Group A included cases that were DSA negative and those with a DSA MFI <2000 (n   =   316), group B included cases with a 2000    <=   MFI   <   10,000 (n   =   19), and group C included cases with a MFI >= 10,000 (n   =   10). The DSAs were associated with an increased incidence of the primary GF (3.2 vs. 31.6 vs. 60  %, for groups A, B, and C, respectively, P   <   0.001), transplant-related mortality (TRM) rate (17.2 vs. 14.7 vs. 33.3  %, for groups A, B, and C, respectively, P   =   0.022), and inferior overall survival ( @entity2 , 77.3 vs. 85.3 vs. 44.4  %, for groups A, B, and C, respectively, P   =   0.015). The primary GF was independently associated with a higher incidence of TRM (P   <   0.001), inferior disease-free survival (P   <   0.001), and @entity2 (P   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The findings confirmed the effect of DSAs on primary GF, including GR and PGF, and survival. Our results suggest incorporating DSAs in the algorithm for haploidentical donor selection.

title: Donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies were associated with XXXX after unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplantation: a prospective study with randomly assigned training and validation sets.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: As there are no reports of studies in @entity0 with pelvic @entity2 treated with @entity1 ion radiotherapy (CIRT), the aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of CIRT for @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: The medical records of 31 @entity0 with @entity2 treated either by surgical resection or by CIRT between 1983 and 2014 were reviewed. There were 22 males and 9 females with a median age of 43  years (range 16-77  years). The median duration of follow-up was 66  months (range 5-289  months). Twenty-four @entity0 underwent surgery, and 7 @entity0 received CIRT (70.4  GyE in 16 fractions over 4  weeks). RESULTS: The overall local recurrence rate was 32  %, and the estimated overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 72 and 57  %, respectively. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional score was 59  %. The treatment procedures (surgery or CIRT) did not affect overall survival (P  =  0.347). However, the @entity0 who underwent surgery had impaired function compared with those who received CIRT (P  =  0.03). CONCLUSION: Although more @entity0 need to be monitored to assess the clinical and functional outcomes of CIRT for @entity0 with @entity2 , this treatment might offer an acceptable alternative.

title: Comparison of clinical and functional outcome between surgical treatment and @entity1 ion radiotherapy for pelvic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: As there are no reports of studies in @entity0 with pelvic @entity2 treated with @entity1 ion radiotherapy (CIRT), the aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of CIRT for @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: The medical records of 31 @entity0 with @entity2 treated either by surgical resection or by CIRT between 1983 and 2014 were reviewed. There were 22 males and 9 females with a median age of 43  years (range 16-77  years). The median duration of follow-up was 66  months (range 5-289  months). Twenty-four @entity0 underwent surgery, and 7 @entity0 received CIRT (70.4  GyE in 16 fractions over 4  weeks). RESULTS: The overall local recurrence rate was 32  %, and the estimated overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 72 and 57  %, respectively. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional score was 59  %. The treatment procedures (surgery or CIRT) did not affect overall survival (P  =  0.347). However, the @entity0 who underwent surgery had impaired function compared with those who received CIRT (P  =  0.03). CONCLUSION: Although more @entity0 need to be monitored to assess the clinical and functional outcomes of CIRT for @entity0 with @entity2 , this treatment might offer an acceptable alternative.

title: Comparison of clinical and functional outcome between surgical treatment and XXXX ion radiotherapy for pelvic @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin (BT) injection reduces lower esophageal sphincter pressure and alleviates symptoms in idiopathic @entity2 (IA). @entity3 (EO) has also been introduced for the treatment of IA. We compared the long-term efficacy of BT and EO injections in the treatment of IA. METHODS: A total of 189 IA @entity0 were evaluated prospectively, of whom 21 were unwilling to undergo or were poor candidates for @entity1 and Heller myotomy and were enrolled in the study. Eleven @entity0 were treated by BT, and 10 by EO injections. @entity0 were followed up by @entity2 symptom score (ASS), timed barium esophagogram (TBE), and high-resolution manometry at baseline and post-treatment. A good initial response was defined as a decrease in ASS to 4 or less, and a reduction in barium column height and volume in TBE by >50%. RESULTS: All 10 EO group @entity0 and 10 of 11 BT group @entity0 showed a good initial response. Four EO group relapsers and 6 BT group relapsers were managed effectively by re-injections. Mean duration of follow up was 27.38 months. On completion of the study, a sustained good response was seen in 9 and 6 @entity0 in EO and BT groups, respectively (P=0.149). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that BT and EO have comparable efficacy in the treatment of IA. However, the cost of EO is about 2 times lower than BT.

title: Ethanolamine oleate versus botulinum toxin in the treatment of idiopathic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by the deposition of b-amyloid (Ab) senile plaques and tau-associated neurofibrillary tangles. Other disease features include neuroinflammation and cholinergic @entity3 , indicating their possible importance in disease propagation. Recent studies have shown that monocytic cells can migrate into the @entity4 brain toward Ab plaques and reduce plaque burden. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the administration of intravenous infusions of 'young' @entity6 -positive (+) monocytes into an @entity4 @entity0 model can enhance Ab plaque clearance and attenuate @entity2 . Peripheral monocytes were isolated from two-week-old wildtype @entity0 using the Pluriselect @entity6 + isolation method and characterized by @entity8 analysis for surface marker expression and effective phagocytosis of 1  m fluorescent microspheres, @entity5 -Dextran or @entity5 -Ab1-42. The isolated monocytes were infused via the tail vein into a transgenic @entity4 @entity0 model, which expresses the Swedish, Dutch/Iowa APP mutations (APPSwDI). The infusions began when animals reached 5 months of age, when little plaque deposition is apparent and were repeated again at 6 and 7 months of age. At 8 months of age, brains were analyzed for Ab+ plaques, inflammatory processes and microglial ( @entity7 ) activation. Our data show that infusions of two-week-old @entity6 + monocytes into adult APPSwDI @entity0 results in a transient improvement of memory function, a reduction (30%) in Ab plaque load and significantly in small (<20  m) and large (>40  m) plaques. In addition, we observe a reduction in @entity7 + cells, as well as no marked elevations in cytokine levels or other indicators of @entity1 . Taken together, our findings indicate that young @entity6 + monocytes may serve as therapeutic candidates for improved Ab clearance in @entity4 .

title: Intravenous Infusion of Monocytes Isolated from 2-Week-Old XXXX Enhances Clearance of Beta-Amyloid Plaques in an Alzheimer @entity0 Model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by the deposition of b-amyloid (Ab) senile plaques and tau-associated neurofibrillary tangles. Other disease features include neuroinflammation and cholinergic @entity3 , indicating their possible importance in disease propagation. Recent studies have shown that monocytic cells can migrate into the @entity4 brain toward Ab plaques and reduce plaque burden. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the administration of intravenous infusions of 'young' @entity6 -positive (+) monocytes into an @entity4 @entity0 model can enhance Ab plaque clearance and attenuate @entity2 . Peripheral monocytes were isolated from two-week-old wildtype @entity0 using the Pluriselect @entity6 + isolation method and characterized by @entity8 analysis for surface marker expression and effective phagocytosis of 1  m fluorescent microspheres, @entity5 -Dextran or @entity5 -Ab1-42. The isolated monocytes were infused via the tail vein into a transgenic @entity4 @entity0 model, which expresses the Swedish, Dutch/Iowa APP mutations (APPSwDI). The infusions began when animals reached 5 months of age, when little plaque deposition is apparent and were repeated again at 6 and 7 months of age. At 8 months of age, brains were analyzed for Ab+ plaques, inflammatory processes and microglial ( @entity7 ) activation. Our data show that infusions of two-week-old @entity6 + monocytes into adult APPSwDI @entity0 results in a transient improvement of memory function, a reduction (30%) in Ab plaque load and significantly in small (<20  m) and large (>40  m) plaques. In addition, we observe a reduction in @entity7 + cells, as well as no marked elevations in cytokine levels or other indicators of @entity1 . Taken together, our findings indicate that young @entity6 + monocytes may serve as therapeutic candidates for improved Ab clearance in @entity4 .

title: Intravenous Infusion of Monocytes Isolated from 2-Week-Old @entity0 Enhances Clearance of Beta-Amyloid Plaques in an Alzheimer XXXX Model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Filamentous tau inclusions are hallmarks of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and other @entity2 . An increasing number of studies implicate the cell-to-cell propagation of tau pathology in the progression of @entity4 . We recently showed (Iba et al., J Neurosci 33:1024-1037, 2013) that inoculation of preformed synthetic tau fibrils (tau PFFs) into the hippocampus of young transgenic (Tg) @entity1 (PS19) overexpressing @entity0 @entity5 mutant tau induced robust tau pathology in anatomically connected brain regions including the locus coeruleus (LC). Since Braak and colleagues hypothesized that the LC is the first brain structure to develop tau lesions and since LC has widespread connections throughout the CNS, LC neurons could be the critical initiators of the stereotypical spreading of tau pathology through connectome-dependent transmission of pathological tau in @entity3 . Here, we report that injections of tau PFFs into the LC of PS19 @entity1 induced propagation of tau pathology to major afferents and efferents of the LC. Notably, tau pathology propagated along LC efferent projections was localized not only to axon terminals but also to neuronal perikarya, suggesting transneuronal transfer of templated tau pathology to neurons receiving LC projections. Further, brainstem neurons giving rise to major LC afferents also developed perikaryal tau pathology. Surprisingly, while tangle-bearing neurons degenerated in the LC ipsilateral to the injection site starting 6  months post-injection, no neuron loss was seen in the contralateral LC wherein tangle-bearing neurons gradually cleared tau pathology by 6-12  months post-injection. However, the spreading pattern of tau pathology observed in our LC-injected @entity1 is different from that in @entity3 brains since hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, which are affected in early stages of @entity3 , were largely spared of tau inclusions in our model. Thus, while our study tested critical aspects of the Braak hypothesis of tau pathology spread, this novel @entity1 model provides unique opportunities to elucidate mechanisms underlying the selective vulnerability of neurons to acquire tau pathology and succumb to or resist tau-mediated @entity2 .

title: Tau pathology spread in PS19 tau XXXX following locus coeruleus (LC) injections of synthetic tau fibrils is determined by the LC's afferent and efferent connections.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) significantly decreases local recurrence in @entity0 with @entity1 . Although various biomarkers in biopsy specimens obtained before starting CRT have been examined, reliable prognostic factors have yet to be established. We tested the hypothesis that biopsy specimens obtained soon after the start of CRT can be used as prognostic factors. METHODS: Preoperative CRT was given to 70 consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 . Biopsies were taken before and about 7  days after starting CRT. The specimens were stained with @entity3 and @entity4 (HE), and the expressions of Ki67, @entity2 , and @entity5 and apoptosis were evaluated immunohistochemically. RESULTS: The expressions of Ki67, @entity2 , and @entity5 and apoptosis before treatment were not significantly related to histologic response or @entity1 shrinkage. In specimens obtained about 7  days after CRT began, marked histologic regression was significantly higher in @entity5 -positive, apoptosis-positive cases, and in cases with moderate changes on HE specimens (p  =  0.017, p  =  0.010, and p  =  0.004, respectively). The @entity1 shrinkage was significantly higher in apoptosis-positive cases and cases with moderate changes on HE specimens (p  =  0.002 and p  <  0.001, respectively). Disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly higher in @entity0 who had marked regression than in those who did not (p  =  0.019). DFS was also significantly higher in @entity0 with moderate changes on HE specimens than in those with mild changes (p  =  0.016). CONCLUSIONS: Changes on HE-stained biopsy specimens obtained about 1  week after starting CRT are a reliable prognostic factor, similar to histologic marked regression in resected specimens; a major advantage is that the former results are available at an early phase.

title: Predictive markers of chemoradiotherapy for XXXX : comparison of biopsy specimens taken before and about 1  week after the start of chemoradiotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 who live in food-insecure households face significant unmet health needs. At the same time, this population may be under-represented in clinical research studies because of the population's limited and intermittent engagement with the health care system. We describe preliminary results of a research partnership between UT Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW) and Crossroads Community Services (CCS), the largest charitable food distributor of the North Texas Food Bank. The goal of the study is to improve understanding of this population's health- and mammography-related needs, knowledge and service utilization. Eight structured focus groups were conducted in English (n = 4) and Spanish (n = 4) at CCS. Discussions focused on 13 open-ended questions designed to solicit group communication about members' health status, healthcare access, mammography awareness and utilization, and attitudes toward participation in future health research. @entity0 included 42 CCS clients, about 90% of whom were Hispanic or African-American @entity0 . Key findings include: (1) @entity0 reported multiple co-morbid conditions among themselves and household members, yet utilization of health services was cost-dependent and often limited to emergency triage. (2) Many @entity0 did not know what a mammogram was and utilization was closely linked to having health insurance, which most did not. (3) Despite reporting numerous daily life challenges, the majority were interested in participating in future research-related focus groups as a means of communicating their health needs and obtaining information and emotional support from peers. Recruitment from charitable food distribution sites will target a high-need, underserved population. The community-academic partnership between CCS and UTSW has created a robust foundation for @entity1 prevention research that has already produced important insights about the population's needs and willingness to participate in research. Ongoing research is focused on implementing longitudinal health assessments of CCS clients. These data will be used to guide future interventions to increase awareness and utilization of @entity1 prevention services, e.g. mammography, in a population facing multiple barriers to care.

title: Charitable Food Distribution Sites Offer Novel Opportunities for XXXX Prevention Research and Intervention Among Vulnerable, Hard-to-reach, and Underserved Populations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate CT number (CTN) changes in gross @entity1 volume (GTV) and organ at risk (OAR) according to daily diagnostic-quality CT acquired during CT-guided intensity modulated radiation therapy for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Computed tomography scans acquired using a CT-on-rails during daily CT-guided intensity modulated radiation therapy for 15 @entity0 with stage II to @entity3 of the @entity2 were analyzed. The GTV, parotid glands, spinal cord, and nonspecified tissue were generated on each selected daily CT. The changes in CTN distributions and the mean and mode values were collected. Pearson analysis was used to assess the correlation between the CTN change, organ volume reduction, and delivered radiation dose. RESULTS: Volume and CTN changes for GTV and parotid glands can be observed during radiation therapy delivery for @entity2 . The mean (  SD) CTNs in GTV and ipsi- and contralateral parotid glands were reduced by 6    10, 8    7, and 11    10 Hounsfield units, respectively, for all @entity0 studied. The mean CTN changes in both spinal cord and nonspecified tissue were almost invisible (<2 Hounsfield units). For 2 @entity0 studied, the absolute mean CTN changes in GTV and parotid glands were strongly correlated with the dose delivered (P<.001 and P<.05, respectively). For the correlation between CTN reductions and delivered isodose bins for parotid glands, the Pearson coefficient varied from -0.98 (P<.001) in regions with low-dose bins to 0.96 (P<.001) in high-dose bins and were @entity0 specific. CONCLUSIONS: The CTN can be reduced in @entity1 and parotid glands during the course of radiation therapy for @entity2 . There was a fair correlation between CTN reduction and radiation doses for a subset of @entity0 , whereas the correlation between CTN reductions and volume reductions in GTV and parotid glands were weak. More studies are needed to understand the mechanism for the radiation-induced CTN changes.

title: Computed Tomography Number Changes Observed During Computed Tomography-Guided Radiation Therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: A recent threefold increase in laser treatment for advanced @entity2 ( @entity2 ) triggered a nationwide preschool ophthalmic and developmental status among extremely preterm survivors. Here, we discuss refraction and visual acuity. METHODS: Survivors (n  =  178) from a national birth cohort (February 2004 to March 2006) of gestational age <28  weeks (PT) and 56 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) controls attended for evaluation at age 4  years. Cycloplegic refraction and keratometry were achieved by Retinomax autokeratorefractor and visual acuities by symbol recognition (HOTV, logMAR). RESULTS: The refractive distribution presented a myopic tail (4.5%) and a hyperopic tail (11.9% >= +2.5 D) as special preterm features, and corneas were more curved. @entity1 and @entity4 were only marginally increased, and visual acuities were generally good. Best-corrected binocular median logMAR visual acuity was 0.1 in @entity5 and 0.2 in PT, in Snellen equivalents 0.8 and 0.63. Snellen acuity  <=0.5 occurred across the @entity2 subgroups, but mainly in those with at least @entity2 stage 3. Two @entity0 had @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The overall fair outcome for refraction and function is in accordance with other recent northern Europe experience. The results differ in particular from the poorer ophthalmic outcomes reported in the pioneer US treatment studies (cryotherapy for @entity2 and ETROP). The diode laser ablations (n  =  32) appeared effective in our series; except one @entity0 , all treated subjects had good or fair social vision at the age of 4  years.

title: Refraction and visual acuity in a national Danish cohort of 4-year-old XXXX of extremely preterm delivery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: According to 7th AJCC TNM staging system, @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity1 is classified as N1 or N2; thus making the stage IIIB (N1) or IVB (N2). Stage IIIB consists of N1 status with wide coverage of T1-3, but T3N1 group often showed poorer outcomes than T1-2N1 groups. This study intended to assess post-resection prognosis of T3N1 versus other stage III subgroups. METHODS: We selected 103 @entity0 from our institutional database of @entity4 who underwent R0 resection between July 1996 and June 2009 and whose @entity4 was confined to stage T3N0, T1-3N1 or T1-3N2. These @entity0 were stratified into five groups, namely, T3N0 (n=26), T1N1 (n=13), T2N1 (n=35), T3N1 (n=20) and T1-3N2 (n=9), and were followed for >= 5 years or until @entity3 . RESULTS: Surgical procedures were minor liver resection (n=53), minor liver resection with bile duct resection (n=23), major liver resection (n=12), major liver resection with bile duct resection (n=5), and hepatopancreatoduodenectomy (n=12). Mean follow-up period was 57.2  68.5 months. Overall 5-year survival rate based on all-cause @entity3 and @entity2 , respectively, was 57.7% and 60.6% in T3N0, 15.4% and 15.4% in T1N1 (n=13), 28.6% and 28.6% in T2N1 (n=35), 5.0% and 5.7% in T3N1 (n=20), and 22.2% and 22.2% in T1-3N2. The survival outcome of T3N1 group was the poorest among the four stage III groups and was comparable to that of stage IVB (p=0.53). CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of T3N1 @entity4 is unusually poor even after R0 resection, thus we suggest extensive @entity5 may be necessary in @entity0 with T3 @entity2 for accurate prognostic evaluation and radical removal of potential nodal micrometastasis. Further validation of this result is necessary in large @entity0 populations from multiple centers.

title: Survival analysis following resection of AJCC XXXX based on different combinations of T and N stages.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by a large number of @entity3 scattered throughout the liver parenchyma. We herein intend to present the beneficial effect of palliative fenestration treatment on quality of life in a @entity0 with symptomatic @entity4 . A 48-year-old female @entity0 had been followed up for 5 years for both @entity1 at another institution. During follow-up for last 1 year, we recognized that she had barely maintained her ability of function in daily activities due to progressive @entity5 and @entity6 on exertion. The @entity0 finally underwent surgical fenestration treatment. @entity2 in the enlarged liver were opened and the cyst walls were excised with electrocautery. No surgical complication occurred and the @entity0 was discharged 10 days after the open fenestration surgery. The total liver volume was 3,870 ml before surgery and 3,125 ml at 1 week after surgery, showing a volume reduction of 19.3%. After surgery, her performance status improved significantly. In the present case, significant improvement in quality of life and daily activity performance was achieved after open fenestration treatment over 18 months of follow-up without disease recurrence.

title: @entity3 in XXXX to improve quality of life: a case report and literature review.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by a large number of @entity3 scattered throughout the liver parenchyma. We herein intend to present the beneficial effect of palliative fenestration treatment on quality of life in a @entity0 with symptomatic @entity4 . A 48-year-old female @entity0 had been followed up for 5 years for both @entity1 at another institution. During follow-up for last 1 year, we recognized that she had barely maintained her ability of function in daily activities due to progressive @entity5 and @entity6 on exertion. The @entity0 finally underwent surgical fenestration treatment. @entity2 in the enlarged liver were opened and the cyst walls were excised with electrocautery. No surgical complication occurred and the @entity0 was discharged 10 days after the open fenestration surgery. The total liver volume was 3,870 ml before surgery and 3,125 ml at 1 week after surgery, showing a volume reduction of 19.3%. After surgery, her performance status improved significantly. In the present case, significant improvement in quality of life and daily activity performance was achieved after open fenestration treatment over 18 months of follow-up without disease recurrence.

title: XXXX in @entity4 to improve quality of life: a case report and literature review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: To assess the efficacy of conventional treatment combined with bacterial lysate [OM-85 Broncho-Vaxom (BV)] in the prevention of @entity2 in @entity0 as well as its influence on the number of natural killer T (NKT) cells and their cytokine production. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 were divided into either a BV-treated group (with oral OM-85 BV) or a conventional inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) group. The numbers of NKT cells and CD4+ NKT cells were measured in the peripheral blood by flow cytometry. The levels of @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity3 after the blood cells had been cultured with an NKT cell agonist were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: After therapy, @entity2 attacks were significantly decreased compared with before therapy in both groups. However, after therapy, @entity4 were reduced compared with before therapy in the BV-treated group only. Additionally, the frequency of @entity2 attacks and use of antibiotics in the BV-treated group were lower than in the ICS group. With BV treatment, the numbers of peripheral blood NKT cells and CD4+ NKT cells were higher after therapy than before therapy. After therapy, the ratio of @entity1 / @entity5 and @entity3 levels were increased in the BV-treated group, whereas @entity5 was reduced in the BV-treated group compared with the ICS group. CONCLUSION: BV combined with conventional @entity2 treatment can prevent recurrent @entity4 and suppress the severity of @entity2 attacks, possibly by altering the rates and cytokines of NKT cells.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Bacterial Lysate Increases the Percentage of Natural Killer T Cells in Peripheral Blood and Alleviates Asthma in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity5 , macrophages invade the affected joint. Experimental @entity5 models have shown that macrophages also invade the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) of the inflamed segments in which the perikarya of sensory neurons are located. It is unclear whether this macrophage invasion contributes to @entity3 and/or furthers @entity4 . The present study was undertaken to investigate how differently activated macrophages affect DRG neurons. METHODS: We determined the phenotype of macrophages in the DRGs of rats with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). In a DRG neuron-macrophage coculture system, we investigated whether differently activated macrophages (stimulated with either lipopolysaccharide [LPS]/interferon-y [IFNy], @entity0 @entity2 factor [ @entity7 ], or @entity9 ) damage DRG neurons and/or stimulate them to release the mediator @entity8 ( @entity8 ), which promotes @entity3 and @entity10 . RESULTS: Macrophages in the DRGs of @entity1 with @entity5 showed the phenotype of @entity7 -stimulated macrophages but did not express inducible @entity6 synthase, which was found in cultured macrophages only after LPS/IFNy activation. In neuron-macrophage cocultures, activation of macrophages stimulated DRG neurons to release @entity8 within 1 hour, indicating neuronal activation by macrophages. Only 48-hour activation of macrophages with LPS/IFNy increased the neuronal cell death rate in culture, provided that the macrophages were in direct contact with DRG neurons. This effect was dependent on @entity6 . CONCLUSION: Macrophages have the potential to stimulate sensory neurons in the DRGs, and this may contribute to @entity3 . If they are classically activated, such as after LPS/IFNy stimulation, this may also further neuronal cell death. This is not the case in @entity5 but may occur in models involving @entity4 .

title: Effects of differently activated rodent macrophages on sensory neurons: implications for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inflammatory phenotypes of @entity1 are associated with differences in disease characteristics. It is unknown whether these inflammatory phenotypes are reflected by the activation status of neutrophils in blood and sputum. We obtained peripheral blood and induced sputum from 21 @entity1 @entity0 and stratified our samples based on sputum @entity3 resulting in two groups (>3% eosinophils: n  =  13,  <3%: n  =  8). Eosinophils and neutrophils from blood and sputum were analysed for expression of activation and degranulation markers by flow cytometry. Data were analysed by both classical, non-parametric statistics and a multi-dimensional approach, using principal component analysis (PCA). @entity0 with sputum @entity3 were characterized by increased @entity1 control questionnaire (ACQ) scores and blood eosinophil counts. Both sputum neutrophils and eosinophils displayed an activated and degranulated phenotype compared to cells obtained from blood. Specifically, degranulation of all granule types was detected in sputum cells, combined with an increased expression of the activation markers (activated) @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ) ( @entity4 ) and a decreased expression of @entity2 . @entity5 expression was only increased on sputum eosinophils. Surface marker expression of neutrophils was similar in the presence or absence of @entity3 , either by single or multi-dimensional analysis. Sputum neutrophils were highly activated and degranulated irrespective of sputum @entity3 . Therefore, we conclude that differences in granulocyte activation in sputum and/or blood are not associated with clinical differences in the two groups of @entity1 @entity0 . The finding of @entity4 expression on sputum granulocytes suggests an immunomodulatory role of these cells in the tissue.

title: Similar activation state of neutrophils in sputum of XXXX @entity0 irrespective of sputum @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inflammatory phenotypes of @entity1 are associated with differences in disease characteristics. It is unknown whether these inflammatory phenotypes are reflected by the activation status of neutrophils in blood and sputum. We obtained peripheral blood and induced sputum from 21 @entity1 @entity0 and stratified our samples based on sputum @entity3 resulting in two groups (>3% eosinophils: n  =  13,  <3%: n  =  8). Eosinophils and neutrophils from blood and sputum were analysed for expression of activation and degranulation markers by flow cytometry. Data were analysed by both classical, non-parametric statistics and a multi-dimensional approach, using principal component analysis (PCA). @entity0 with sputum @entity3 were characterized by increased @entity1 control questionnaire (ACQ) scores and blood eosinophil counts. Both sputum neutrophils and eosinophils displayed an activated and degranulated phenotype compared to cells obtained from blood. Specifically, degranulation of all granule types was detected in sputum cells, combined with an increased expression of the activation markers (activated) @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ) ( @entity4 ) and a decreased expression of @entity2 . @entity5 expression was only increased on sputum eosinophils. Surface marker expression of neutrophils was similar in the presence or absence of @entity3 , either by single or multi-dimensional analysis. Sputum neutrophils were highly activated and degranulated irrespective of sputum @entity3 . Therefore, we conclude that differences in granulocyte activation in sputum and/or blood are not associated with clinical differences in the two groups of @entity1 @entity0 . The finding of @entity4 expression on sputum granulocytes suggests an immunomodulatory role of these cells in the tissue.

title: Similar activation state of neutrophils in sputum of @entity1 @entity0 irrespective of sputum XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Inflammatory phenotypes of @entity1 are associated with differences in disease characteristics. It is unknown whether these inflammatory phenotypes are reflected by the activation status of neutrophils in blood and sputum. We obtained peripheral blood and induced sputum from 21 @entity1 @entity0 and stratified our samples based on sputum @entity3 resulting in two groups (>3% eosinophils: n  =  13,  <3%: n  =  8). Eosinophils and neutrophils from blood and sputum were analysed for expression of activation and degranulation markers by flow cytometry. Data were analysed by both classical, non-parametric statistics and a multi-dimensional approach, using principal component analysis (PCA). @entity0 with sputum @entity3 were characterized by increased @entity1 control questionnaire (ACQ) scores and blood eosinophil counts. Both sputum neutrophils and eosinophils displayed an activated and degranulated phenotype compared to cells obtained from blood. Specifically, degranulation of all granule types was detected in sputum cells, combined with an increased expression of the activation markers (activated) @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ) ( @entity4 ) and a decreased expression of @entity2 . @entity5 expression was only increased on sputum eosinophils. Surface marker expression of neutrophils was similar in the presence or absence of @entity3 , either by single or multi-dimensional analysis. Sputum neutrophils were highly activated and degranulated irrespective of sputum @entity3 . Therefore, we conclude that differences in granulocyte activation in sputum and/or blood are not associated with clinical differences in the two groups of @entity1 @entity0 . The finding of @entity4 expression on sputum granulocytes suggests an immunomodulatory role of these cells in the tissue.

title: Similar activation state of neutrophils in sputum of @entity1 XXXX irrespective of sputum @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is typically a slowly progressive disorder; however, a subset of knees progress with @entity4 . We aimed to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that are associated with accelerated @entity3 . We conducted a longitudinal descriptive study in the @entity2 Initiative cohort. We selected @entity0 who had no radiographic @entity3 at baseline with one of the following in the most severe knee: (1) accelerated @entity3 (progressed to end-stage @entity3 within 48 months), (2) common @entity3 , and (3) no @entity3 at all visits. We enriched the sample by selecting knees with a self-reported or suspected @entity5 . A musculoskeletal radiologist blinded to group assignments but not to time sequence performed MRI readings for the visit before and after an injury. We assessed 38 @entity0 (knees), 66% were female, mean age 61 (9) years, and mean body mass index 28.5 (4.9) kg/m(2). Fifteen of 20 knees with no or common @entity3 , had no incident findings consistent with acute damage. Among the 18 knees with accelerated @entity3 most had incident findings: 13 (72%) had incident medial meniscal pathology with extrusion and 5 (28%) knees had @entity1 . Incident MRI findings that are associated with incident accelerated @entity3 are characterized by structural damage that compromises subchondral bone or the function of the meniscus. Recognizing meniscal extrusion and/or change in shape, lateral meniscal tear, or acute @entity1 may be vital for identifying individuals at risk for accelerated @entity3 .

title: Meniscal extrusion or XXXX characterize incident accelerated @entity2 : Data from the @entity2 Initiative.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is typically a slowly progressive disorder; however, a subset of knees progress with @entity4 . We aimed to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that are associated with accelerated @entity3 . We conducted a longitudinal descriptive study in the @entity2 Initiative cohort. We selected @entity0 who had no radiographic @entity3 at baseline with one of the following in the most severe knee: (1) accelerated @entity3 (progressed to end-stage @entity3 within 48 months), (2) common @entity3 , and (3) no @entity3 at all visits. We enriched the sample by selecting knees with a self-reported or suspected @entity5 . A musculoskeletal radiologist blinded to group assignments but not to time sequence performed MRI readings for the visit before and after an injury. We assessed 38 @entity0 (knees), 66% were female, mean age 61 (9) years, and mean body mass index 28.5 (4.9) kg/m(2). Fifteen of 20 knees with no or common @entity3 , had no incident findings consistent with acute damage. Among the 18 knees with accelerated @entity3 most had incident findings: 13 (72%) had incident medial meniscal pathology with extrusion and 5 (28%) knees had @entity1 . Incident MRI findings that are associated with incident accelerated @entity3 are characterized by structural damage that compromises subchondral bone or the function of the meniscus. Recognizing meniscal extrusion and/or change in shape, lateral meniscal tear, or acute @entity1 may be vital for identifying individuals at risk for accelerated @entity3 .

title: Meniscal extrusion or @entity1 characterize incident accelerated XXXX : Data from the @entity2 Initiative.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is typically a slowly progressive disorder; however, a subset of knees progress with @entity4 . We aimed to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings that are associated with accelerated @entity3 . We conducted a longitudinal descriptive study in the @entity2 Initiative cohort. We selected @entity0 who had no radiographic @entity3 at baseline with one of the following in the most severe knee: (1) accelerated @entity3 (progressed to end-stage @entity3 within 48 months), (2) common @entity3 , and (3) no @entity3 at all visits. We enriched the sample by selecting knees with a self-reported or suspected @entity5 . A musculoskeletal radiologist blinded to group assignments but not to time sequence performed MRI readings for the visit before and after an injury. We assessed 38 @entity0 (knees), 66% were female, mean age 61 (9) years, and mean body mass index 28.5 (4.9) kg/m(2). Fifteen of 20 knees with no or common @entity3 , had no incident findings consistent with acute damage. Among the 18 knees with accelerated @entity3 most had incident findings: 13 (72%) had incident medial meniscal pathology with extrusion and 5 (28%) knees had @entity1 . Incident MRI findings that are associated with incident accelerated @entity3 are characterized by structural damage that compromises subchondral bone or the function of the meniscus. Recognizing meniscal extrusion and/or change in shape, lateral meniscal tear, or acute @entity1 may be vital for identifying individuals at risk for accelerated @entity3 .

title: Meniscal extrusion or @entity1 characterize incident accelerated @entity2 : Data from the XXXX Initiative.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of @entity1 in young adults and to analyze the influencing factors on renal functions and @entity3 in this population. METHODS: This study comprised civil servants between 20 and 39  years old, who received physical examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. The subjects were categorized into four groups based on age (20-24, 25-29, 30-34 and 35-39  years) and the number of risk factors they had ( @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity6 ). The relationships between @entity1 and the prevalence of @entity3 , between @entity1 and risk factors and between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and @entity3 were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 2293 young civil servants, in @entity0 the prevalence of @entity1 was 33.3  % and @entity3 was 2.5  %. However in @entity0 the prevalence of @entity1 and @entity3 was 7.5  % and 1.7  %, respectively. The levels of blood pressure, serum uric acid (UA), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), fasting glucose (FBG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were lower and the level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher in nonobese groups compared with obese groups. There were no significant differences in eGFR between the two groups. The eGFR in male subjects was associated with age, UA, body mass index (BMI), FBG, TC, TG, LDL and HDL, and in female subjects associated with UA, age, BMI, diastolic blood pressure, FBG and LDL. BMI in both males and females increased with the higher number of risk factors. Multiple regression analysis revealed that @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity6 were independently associated with @entity1 . eGFR decreased with a higher number of risk factors. Obesity, blood pressure, @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity6 were independently associated with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Obesity can pose an independent risk factor for @entity3 in young adults. @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity6 were independently associated with @entity1 . eGFR decreased with a higher number of risk factors.

title: Analysis of renal functions and XXXX in young obese adults.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: A new reassortant @entity2 (H7N9) virus emerged early 2013 in eastern China. Exposure to H7N9 infected poultry at live bird markets (LBM) was implicated as the main risk factor for @entity0 @entity1 . We aimed to identify the role of LBM biosecurity indicators and poultry movement in the affected areas. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 24 LBMs at the beginning of H7N9 outbreak in all affected provinces. We used univariable analysis to identify the biosecurity factors associated with the H7N9 presence in LBMs and social network and spatial analysis to quantify the connectivity and geographic variation in the connectivity of poultry movements. RESULTS: @entity3 were the predominant poultry species traded by affected LBMs. The presence of H7N9 in LBMs was significantly associated with the type of LBM and with LBMs that sold @entity3 to other markets. The @entity3 movements were significantly spatially clustered and was highest in counties from Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. CONCLUSION: LBM biosecurity and @entity3 movement played an important role in the emergence of H7N9. This study identified highly connected areas in eastern China which continue to report @entity0 infections highlighting candidate areas for more detailed epidemiological investigations.

title: The role of live poultry movement and live bird market biosecurity in the epidemiology of XXXX (H7N9): A cross-sectional observational study in four eastern China provinces.

answer: @entity2


abstract: One experiment was conducted in which radioactively labeled @entity5 bases ( @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity3 and @entity2 ) were individually given intravenously to young adult @entity0 and the recovery of radioactivity in urine and gut, gut content and liver was measured at the end of the next 24 hours. The total recovery of radioactivity from orally and intravenously administered @entity4 was measured in experiment 2. A third experiment measured the recoveries of radioactivity from oral and intravenous @entity4 in a wider variety of tissues and organs than in experiment 1. The chemical identities of the urinary end products of the metabolism or orally and intravenously administered @entity4 were compared in a fourth experiment. When purines were given intravenously, significantly more of the administered radioactivity was recovered in urine from @entity0 given @entity1 , @entity3 or @entity2 compared with those given @entity4 . The greater recoveries of radioactivity in urine were associated with smaller recoveries in tissues. A larger proportion of intravenously compared to orally administered radioactivity from @entity4 was incorporated into all body tissues, and this was most pronounced in glandular and lymphoid tissues. The primary urinary end product of both orally and intravenously administered @entity4 was allantoin. The absorption of individual purines from isolated @entity0 gut sacs was evaluated in a fifth experiment. A significant proportion of unaltered @entity4 crossed the mucosal to serosal barrier of intestinal sacs whereas unaltered @entity1 , @entity3 or @entity2 did not cross into the serosal fluid. These results show that the intestinal metabolism of dietary @entity4 is uniquely different from that of @entity1 , @entity3 or @entity2 .

title: Metabolism of orally and intravenously administered purines in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bladder and @entity7 are two representative cases of @entity1 that respond differentially to @entity3 . Previous studies have shown that @entity3 can trigger apoptosis in various @entity1 cells. Herein, we sought to investigate the impact of @entity3 on the expression levels of the @entity5 family members @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity13 and the apoptosis-related microRNAs @entity11 , @entity12 , @entity8 , and @entity10 in the @entity0 @entity4 cell lines @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. @entity1 cells' viability as well as the IC50 doses of @entity3 were estimated by the @entity2 assay, while the detection of cleaved @entity9 via Western blotting was used as an indicator of apoptosis. Furthermore, @entity0 and @entity0 cells' ability to recover from treatment was also monitored. Two different highly sensitive quantitative real-time RT-PCR methodologies were developed in order to assess the expression levels of @entity5 family genes and microRNAs. Exposure of @entity1 cells to @entity3 produced the IC50 values of 30 and 3 nM for @entity0 and @entity0 cells, correspondingly, while cleaved @entity9 was detected only in @entity0 cells. @entity0 cells demonstrated the ability to recover from @entity3 treatment, whereas @entity0 cells' recovery capability was dependent on the initial time of exposure. @entity5 and @entity6 were significantly modulated in treated @entity0 cells. Instead, @entity0 cells exhibited alterations only in the latter, as well as in all studied microRNAs. Therefore, according to our data, bladder and @entity7 cells' response to @entity3 is accompanied by distinct alterations in the expression levels of their apoptosis-related genes and microRNAs.

title: @entity3 impacts differentially on XXXX cells: distinct modulations in the expression patterns of apoptosis-related microRNAs and @entity5 family genes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bladder and @entity7 are two representative cases of @entity1 that respond differentially to @entity3 . Previous studies have shown that @entity3 can trigger apoptosis in various @entity1 cells. Herein, we sought to investigate the impact of @entity3 on the expression levels of the @entity5 family members @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity13 and the apoptosis-related microRNAs @entity11 , @entity12 , @entity8 , and @entity10 in the @entity0 @entity4 cell lines @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. @entity1 cells' viability as well as the IC50 doses of @entity3 were estimated by the @entity2 assay, while the detection of cleaved @entity9 via Western blotting was used as an indicator of apoptosis. Furthermore, @entity0 and @entity0 cells' ability to recover from treatment was also monitored. Two different highly sensitive quantitative real-time RT-PCR methodologies were developed in order to assess the expression levels of @entity5 family genes and microRNAs. Exposure of @entity1 cells to @entity3 produced the IC50 values of 30 and 3 nM for @entity0 and @entity0 cells, correspondingly, while cleaved @entity9 was detected only in @entity0 cells. @entity0 cells demonstrated the ability to recover from @entity3 treatment, whereas @entity0 cells' recovery capability was dependent on the initial time of exposure. @entity5 and @entity6 were significantly modulated in treated @entity0 cells. Instead, @entity0 cells exhibited alterations only in the latter, as well as in all studied microRNAs. Therefore, according to our data, bladder and @entity7 cells' response to @entity3 is accompanied by distinct alterations in the expression levels of their apoptosis-related genes and microRNAs.

title: XXXX impacts differentially on @entity4 cells: distinct modulations in the expression patterns of apoptosis-related microRNAs and @entity5 family genes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bladder and @entity7 are two representative cases of @entity1 that respond differentially to @entity3 . Previous studies have shown that @entity3 can trigger apoptosis in various @entity1 cells. Herein, we sought to investigate the impact of @entity3 on the expression levels of the @entity5 family members @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity13 and the apoptosis-related microRNAs @entity11 , @entity12 , @entity8 , and @entity10 in the @entity0 @entity4 cell lines @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. @entity1 cells' viability as well as the IC50 doses of @entity3 were estimated by the @entity2 assay, while the detection of cleaved @entity9 via Western blotting was used as an indicator of apoptosis. Furthermore, @entity0 and @entity0 cells' ability to recover from treatment was also monitored. Two different highly sensitive quantitative real-time RT-PCR methodologies were developed in order to assess the expression levels of @entity5 family genes and microRNAs. Exposure of @entity1 cells to @entity3 produced the IC50 values of 30 and 3 nM for @entity0 and @entity0 cells, correspondingly, while cleaved @entity9 was detected only in @entity0 cells. @entity0 cells demonstrated the ability to recover from @entity3 treatment, whereas @entity0 cells' recovery capability was dependent on the initial time of exposure. @entity5 and @entity6 were significantly modulated in treated @entity0 cells. Instead, @entity0 cells exhibited alterations only in the latter, as well as in all studied microRNAs. Therefore, according to our data, bladder and @entity7 cells' response to @entity3 is accompanied by distinct alterations in the expression levels of their apoptosis-related genes and microRNAs.

title: @entity3 impacts differentially on @entity4 cells: distinct modulations in the expression patterns of apoptosis-related microRNAs and XXXX family genes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To report our experience with bilateral placement of @entity4 0.7 mg ( @entity9 ) sustained-release intravitreal implant in the management of noninfectious posterior @entity7 or macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 . METHODS: A retrospective chart review of @entity0 with bilateral noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 who were treated with @entity9 intravitreal implant was performed. Ocular side effects such as intraocular pressure (IOP), @entity3 , and tolerability of bilateral injections was reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty-two eyes of eleven @entity0 treated with a total of 32 @entity9 implants were included. Ten of eleven @entity0 received bilateral implants due to active noninfectious @entity7 while the other demonstrated macular @entity1 in @entity5 following separate central @entity8 . Among the @entity0 with bilateral @entity7 , the mean interval between @entity9 implant in the initial eye and the subsequent @entity9 in the fellow eye was 15.6 days (range 2-71 days). Seven of the ten @entity0 received the second implant in the fellow eye within 8 days of the initial implantation. None of the @entity0 had bilateral implantations on the same day. Seven eyes required reimplantation for recurrence of @entity2 (mean interval between first and repeat implantation was 6.00  2.39 months). Following single or, in the case of the aforementioned seven eyes, repeat @entity9 implantation, all 20 uveitic eyes demonstrated clinical and/or angiographic evidence of decreased @entity2 in the form of reduction in vitreous cells on slit lamp ophthalmoscopy, macular @entity1 on ophthalmoscopy, or optical coherence tomography and/or disc and vascular leakage on @entity6 angiography. The mean follow-up for all eyes after initial implantation was 23.57 months (range 1-48 months). IOP was significantly higher (P=0.028) at 6 months (16.62 mmHg   5.97) but not (P=0.82) at most recent follow-up (14.9  3.37 mmHg) when compared with baseline (14.68  3.02 mmHg). Four eyes (18.2%) required initiation of IOP-lowering medications. During the follow-up period, no eyes underwent filtration or @entity3 extraction. No serious ocular adverse effects were noted during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with bilateral noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 , bilateral injection of @entity9 intravitreal implant was well tolerated and had an acceptable safety profile.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of bilateral sustained-release @entity4 intravitreal implants for the treatment of noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular XXXX secondary to @entity8 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To report our experience with bilateral placement of @entity4 0.7 mg ( @entity9 ) sustained-release intravitreal implant in the management of noninfectious posterior @entity7 or macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 . METHODS: A retrospective chart review of @entity0 with bilateral noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 who were treated with @entity9 intravitreal implant was performed. Ocular side effects such as intraocular pressure (IOP), @entity3 , and tolerability of bilateral injections was reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty-two eyes of eleven @entity0 treated with a total of 32 @entity9 implants were included. Ten of eleven @entity0 received bilateral implants due to active noninfectious @entity7 while the other demonstrated macular @entity1 in @entity5 following separate central @entity8 . Among the @entity0 with bilateral @entity7 , the mean interval between @entity9 implant in the initial eye and the subsequent @entity9 in the fellow eye was 15.6 days (range 2-71 days). Seven of the ten @entity0 received the second implant in the fellow eye within 8 days of the initial implantation. None of the @entity0 had bilateral implantations on the same day. Seven eyes required reimplantation for recurrence of @entity2 (mean interval between first and repeat implantation was 6.00  2.39 months). Following single or, in the case of the aforementioned seven eyes, repeat @entity9 implantation, all 20 uveitic eyes demonstrated clinical and/or angiographic evidence of decreased @entity2 in the form of reduction in vitreous cells on slit lamp ophthalmoscopy, macular @entity1 on ophthalmoscopy, or optical coherence tomography and/or disc and vascular leakage on @entity6 angiography. The mean follow-up for all eyes after initial implantation was 23.57 months (range 1-48 months). IOP was significantly higher (P=0.028) at 6 months (16.62 mmHg   5.97) but not (P=0.82) at most recent follow-up (14.9  3.37 mmHg) when compared with baseline (14.68  3.02 mmHg). Four eyes (18.2%) required initiation of IOP-lowering medications. During the follow-up period, no eyes underwent filtration or @entity3 extraction. No serious ocular adverse effects were noted during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with bilateral noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 , bilateral injection of @entity9 intravitreal implant was well tolerated and had an acceptable safety profile.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of bilateral sustained-release @entity4 intravitreal implants for the treatment of noninfectious posterior XXXX and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: To report our experience with bilateral placement of @entity4 0.7 mg ( @entity9 ) sustained-release intravitreal implant in the management of noninfectious posterior @entity7 or macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 . METHODS: A retrospective chart review of @entity0 with bilateral noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 who were treated with @entity9 intravitreal implant was performed. Ocular side effects such as intraocular pressure (IOP), @entity3 , and tolerability of bilateral injections was reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty-two eyes of eleven @entity0 treated with a total of 32 @entity9 implants were included. Ten of eleven @entity0 received bilateral implants due to active noninfectious @entity7 while the other demonstrated macular @entity1 in @entity5 following separate central @entity8 . Among the @entity0 with bilateral @entity7 , the mean interval between @entity9 implant in the initial eye and the subsequent @entity9 in the fellow eye was 15.6 days (range 2-71 days). Seven of the ten @entity0 received the second implant in the fellow eye within 8 days of the initial implantation. None of the @entity0 had bilateral implantations on the same day. Seven eyes required reimplantation for recurrence of @entity2 (mean interval between first and repeat implantation was 6.00  2.39 months). Following single or, in the case of the aforementioned seven eyes, repeat @entity9 implantation, all 20 uveitic eyes demonstrated clinical and/or angiographic evidence of decreased @entity2 in the form of reduction in vitreous cells on slit lamp ophthalmoscopy, macular @entity1 on ophthalmoscopy, or optical coherence tomography and/or disc and vascular leakage on @entity6 angiography. The mean follow-up for all eyes after initial implantation was 23.57 months (range 1-48 months). IOP was significantly higher (P=0.028) at 6 months (16.62 mmHg   5.97) but not (P=0.82) at most recent follow-up (14.9  3.37 mmHg) when compared with baseline (14.68  3.02 mmHg). Four eyes (18.2%) required initiation of IOP-lowering medications. During the follow-up period, no eyes underwent filtration or @entity3 extraction. No serious ocular adverse effects were noted during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with bilateral noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 , bilateral injection of @entity9 intravitreal implant was well tolerated and had an acceptable safety profile.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of bilateral sustained-release XXXX intravitreal implants for the treatment of noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report our experience with bilateral placement of @entity4 0.7 mg ( @entity9 ) sustained-release intravitreal implant in the management of noninfectious posterior @entity7 or macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 . METHODS: A retrospective chart review of @entity0 with bilateral noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 who were treated with @entity9 intravitreal implant was performed. Ocular side effects such as intraocular pressure (IOP), @entity3 , and tolerability of bilateral injections was reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty-two eyes of eleven @entity0 treated with a total of 32 @entity9 implants were included. Ten of eleven @entity0 received bilateral implants due to active noninfectious @entity7 while the other demonstrated macular @entity1 in @entity5 following separate central @entity8 . Among the @entity0 with bilateral @entity7 , the mean interval between @entity9 implant in the initial eye and the subsequent @entity9 in the fellow eye was 15.6 days (range 2-71 days). Seven of the ten @entity0 received the second implant in the fellow eye within 8 days of the initial implantation. None of the @entity0 had bilateral implantations on the same day. Seven eyes required reimplantation for recurrence of @entity2 (mean interval between first and repeat implantation was 6.00  2.39 months). Following single or, in the case of the aforementioned seven eyes, repeat @entity9 implantation, all 20 uveitic eyes demonstrated clinical and/or angiographic evidence of decreased @entity2 in the form of reduction in vitreous cells on slit lamp ophthalmoscopy, macular @entity1 on ophthalmoscopy, or optical coherence tomography and/or disc and vascular leakage on @entity6 angiography. The mean follow-up for all eyes after initial implantation was 23.57 months (range 1-48 months). IOP was significantly higher (P=0.028) at 6 months (16.62 mmHg   5.97) but not (P=0.82) at most recent follow-up (14.9  3.37 mmHg) when compared with baseline (14.68  3.02 mmHg). Four eyes (18.2%) required initiation of IOP-lowering medications. During the follow-up period, no eyes underwent filtration or @entity3 extraction. No serious ocular adverse effects were noted during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with bilateral noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to @entity8 , bilateral injection of @entity9 intravitreal implant was well tolerated and had an acceptable safety profile.

title: Efficacy and tolerability of bilateral sustained-release @entity4 intravitreal implants for the treatment of noninfectious posterior @entity7 and macular @entity1 secondary to XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Knowledge of disease burden attributable to @entity3 (FGD) in travelers is lacking, despite the high incidence of @entity2 (TD) associated with increased FGD risk. One tool for assessing the impact of disease on health-related quality of life is the health utility index (HUI), which values health states based on preferential health outcomes. Health utilities can be used as preference weights in the estimation of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). METHODS: Six months following travel to Egypt or @entity1 , 120 US military personnel completed a survey on TD during deployment, health-related quality of life (SF-36), and the onset of functional @entity0 (Rome II). Elements from the SF-36 were used to develop SF-6D values, which were combined with health state valuations to enable calculation of HUI scores for each subject. Mean index scores were compared across functional outcomes, specific symptoms, and demographic profiles. RESULTS: The presence of FGD significantly reduced index scores, with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 showing the greatest impact (-0.17 and -0.19, respectively) compared with those with no FGD (p < 0.05). Importantly, however, several individuals met multiple FGD outcome definitions. Additionally, a number of symptoms associated with abnormal bowel habits and abdominal pain were associated with reduced index scores regardless of outcome. CONCLUSION: FGD are associated with significant morbidity as assessed by HUIs. Given the strong link between TD and FGD as well as the large number of travelers from the developed to the developing world, additional study is needed to further understand this association and efforts aimed at primary disease prevention are warranted.

title: Establishment of Health Utility Indices for Post-Infectious Functional XXXX in Active Duty US Military.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the current evidence regarding the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) training in individuals with @entity2 ( @entity1 ). DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Science Citation Index for research articles published prior to January 2015 using the keywords whole body vibration, vibration training, and vibratory exercise in combination with the Medical Subject Heading @entity2 . STUDY SELECTION: This meta-analysis was restricted to randomized controlled trials published in the English language. The quality of the selected studies was assessed by the PEDro Scale. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration's tool in the domain-based evaluation. We also evaluated the quality of each study based on the criteria given by the International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions for reporting WBV intervention studies, consisting of 13 factors. DATA EXTRACTION: Descriptive data regarding subjects, design, intervention, WBV parameters, outcomes, and conclusions were collected from each study by 2 independent evaluators. The mean and SD of the baseline and final endpoint scores for @entity0 , stiffness, and function were extracted from the included studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 83 studies were found in the search. Of these, 5 studies met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed. Four of these 5 studies reached high methodologic quality on the PEDro Scale. Overall, studies demonstrated mixed results in favor of additive effects of WBV for reducing @entity0 and improving function in knee @entity1 . There was considerable variation in the parameters of the WBV included in this systematic review. CONCLUSIONS: WBV training reduces @entity0 and improves function in individuals with knee @entity1 .

title: Therapeutic Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training in Knee XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Prior studies suggest that percutaneous access for @entity5 repair (pEVAR) offers significant operative and postoperative benefits compared with femoral cutdown (cEVAR). National data on this topic, however, are limited. We compared @entity0 selection and outcomes for elective pEVAR and cEVAR. METHODS: We identified all @entity0 undergoing either pEVAR (bilateral percutaneous access, whether successful or not) or cEVAR (at least one planned groin cutdown) for @entity5 from January 2011 to December 2013 in the Targeted Vascular data set from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Emergent cases, @entity2 , cases with an iliac conduit, and cases with a preoperative wound @entity1 were excluded. Groups were compared by   (2) test or t-test or the Mann-Whitney test where appropriate. RESULTS: We identified 4112 @entity0 undergoing elective EVAR, 3004 cEVAR @entity0 (73%) and 1108 pEVAR @entity0 (27%). Of all EVAR @entity0 , 26% had bilateral percutaneous access; 1.0% had attempted percutaneous access converted to cutdown (4% of pEVARs); and the remainder had a planned cutdown, 63.9% bilateral and 9.1% unilateral. There were no significant differences in age, gender, @entity3 diameter, or prior open abdominal surgery. @entity0 undergoing cEVAR were less likely to have @entity4 (1.5% vs 2.4%; P  = .04) but more likely to undergo any concomitant procedure during surgery (32% vs 26%; P  < .01) than @entity0 undergoing pEVAR. Postoperatively, pEVAR @entity0 had shorter operative time (mean, 135 vs 152  minutes; P  < .01), shorter length of stay (median, 1  day vs 2  days; P  < .01), and fewer wound complications (2.1% vs 1.0%; P  = .02). On multivariable analysis, the only predictor of percutaneous access failure was performance of any concomitant procedure (odds ratio, 2.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-4.0; P  = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Currently, one in four @entity0 treated at Targeted Vascular National Surgical Quality Improvement Program centers are getting pEVAR, which is associated with a high success rate, shorter operation time, shorter length of  stay, and fewer wound complications compared with cEVAR.

title: Percutaneous versus femoral cutdown access for XXXX repair.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The physiological role of Ito has yet to be clarified. The goal of this study is to investigate the possible contribution of the transient outward current (Ito) on the generation of transmembrane action potentials (APs) and the sensitivity of @entity0 sinoauricular node (SAN) cells to a @entity1 ( @entity2 ) as Ito blocker. The electrophysiological identification of cells was performed in the sinoauricular node artery area (nstrips  =  38) of the subendocardial surface using microelectrode technique. In this study, for the first time, it was observed that dependence duration of action potential at the level of 20% repolarization (APD20) level under a @entity2 concentration in the pacemaker SAN and auricular cells corresponds to a curve predicted by Hill's equation. APD20 raised by 70% and spike duration of AP increased by 15-25%, when @entity2 concentration was increased from 0.1 to 5.0  mmol/L. Auricular cells were found to be more sensitive to @entity2 than true pacemaker cells. This was accompanied by a decrease in the upstroke velocity as compared to the control. Our data and previous findings in the literature lead us to hypothesize that the @entity2 -sensitive current participates in the repolarization formation of pacemaker and auricular type cells. Thus, study concerning the inhibitory effects of @entity3 and @entity4 on APD20 can explain the phenomenon of the decrease in upstroke velocity, which, for the first time, was observed after exposure to @entity2 . Duration of AP at the level of 20% repolarization (APD20) under a 4-AP concentration 0.5  mmol/L in the true pacemaker cells lengthen by 60-70% with a control.

title: Effects of XXXX on action potentials generation in @entity0 sinoauricular node strips.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The physiological role of Ito has yet to be clarified. The goal of this study is to investigate the possible contribution of the transient outward current (Ito) on the generation of transmembrane action potentials (APs) and the sensitivity of @entity0 sinoauricular node (SAN) cells to a @entity1 ( @entity2 ) as Ito blocker. The electrophysiological identification of cells was performed in the sinoauricular node artery area (nstrips  =  38) of the subendocardial surface using microelectrode technique. In this study, for the first time, it was observed that dependence duration of action potential at the level of 20% repolarization (APD20) level under a @entity2 concentration in the pacemaker SAN and auricular cells corresponds to a curve predicted by Hill's equation. APD20 raised by 70% and spike duration of AP increased by 15-25%, when @entity2 concentration was increased from 0.1 to 5.0  mmol/L. Auricular cells were found to be more sensitive to @entity2 than true pacemaker cells. This was accompanied by a decrease in the upstroke velocity as compared to the control. Our data and previous findings in the literature lead us to hypothesize that the @entity2 -sensitive current participates in the repolarization formation of pacemaker and auricular type cells. Thus, study concerning the inhibitory effects of @entity3 and @entity4 on APD20 can explain the phenomenon of the decrease in upstroke velocity, which, for the first time, was observed after exposure to @entity2 . Duration of AP at the level of 20% repolarization (APD20) under a 4-AP concentration 0.5  mmol/L in the true pacemaker cells lengthen by 60-70% with a control.

title: Effects of @entity1 on action potentials generation in XXXX sinoauricular node strips.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that perturbations in branched-chain @entity3 (BCAA) catabolism are associated with insulin resistance and contribute to elevated systemic BCAAs. Evidence in rodents suggests dietary protein rich in BCAAs can increase BCAA catabolism, but there is limited evidence in @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that a diet rich in BCAAs will increase BCAA catabolism, which will manifest in a reduction of fasting plasma BCAA concentrations. METHODS: The metabolome of 27 @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 before and after weight loss was investigated to identify changes in BCAA metabolism using GC-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Subjects were enrolled in an 8-wk weight-loss study including either a 20-g/d whey (whey group, n = 16) or gelatin (gelatin group, n = 11) protein supplement. When matched for total protein by weight, whey protein has 3 times the amount of BCAAs compared with gelatin protein. RESULTS: Postintervention plasma abundances of Ile (gelatin group: 637    18, quantifier ion peak height    100; whey group: 744    65), Leu (gelatin group: 1210    33; whey group: 1380    79), and @entity5 (gelatin group: 2080    59; whey group: 2510    230) did not differ between treatment groups. BCAAs were significantly correlated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance at baseline (r = 0.52, 0.43, and 0.49 for Leu, Ile, and @entity5 , respectively; all, P < 0.05), but correlations were no longer significant at postintervention. Pro- and @entity4 -related pathways were found discriminant of whey protein vs. gelatin protein supplementation in multivariate statistical analyses. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that BCAA metabolism is, at best, only modestly affected at a whey protein supplementation dose of 20 g/d. Furthermore, the loss of an association between postintervention BCAA and homeostasis model assessment suggests that factors associated with calorie restriction or protein intake affect how plasma BCAAs relate to insulin sensitivity. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00739479.

title: Whey Protein Supplementation Does Not Alter Plasma Branched-Chained XXXX Profiles but Results in Unique Metabolomics Patterns in Obese @entity0 Enrolled in an 8-Week Weight Loss Trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that perturbations in branched-chain @entity3 (BCAA) catabolism are associated with insulin resistance and contribute to elevated systemic BCAAs. Evidence in rodents suggests dietary protein rich in BCAAs can increase BCAA catabolism, but there is limited evidence in @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that a diet rich in BCAAs will increase BCAA catabolism, which will manifest in a reduction of fasting plasma BCAA concentrations. METHODS: The metabolome of 27 @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 before and after weight loss was investigated to identify changes in BCAA metabolism using GC-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Subjects were enrolled in an 8-wk weight-loss study including either a 20-g/d whey (whey group, n = 16) or gelatin (gelatin group, n = 11) protein supplement. When matched for total protein by weight, whey protein has 3 times the amount of BCAAs compared with gelatin protein. RESULTS: Postintervention plasma abundances of Ile (gelatin group: 637    18, quantifier ion peak height    100; whey group: 744    65), Leu (gelatin group: 1210    33; whey group: 1380    79), and @entity5 (gelatin group: 2080    59; whey group: 2510    230) did not differ between treatment groups. BCAAs were significantly correlated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance at baseline (r = 0.52, 0.43, and 0.49 for Leu, Ile, and @entity5 , respectively; all, P < 0.05), but correlations were no longer significant at postintervention. Pro- and @entity4 -related pathways were found discriminant of whey protein vs. gelatin protein supplementation in multivariate statistical analyses. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that BCAA metabolism is, at best, only modestly affected at a whey protein supplementation dose of 20 g/d. Furthermore, the loss of an association between postintervention BCAA and homeostasis model assessment suggests that factors associated with calorie restriction or protein intake affect how plasma BCAAs relate to insulin sensitivity. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00739479.

title: Whey Protein Supplementation Does Not Alter Plasma Branched-Chained @entity3 Profiles but Results in Unique Metabolomics Patterns in Obese XXXX Enrolled in an 8-Week Weight Loss Trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is poorly understood. Animal experiments suggest that @entity6 ( @entity6 ), play an important role. METHODS: @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity2 (time to full feed >42days) were selected. Age matched @entity5 and control (NEC, @entity4 , @entity1 , and @entity3 ) samples from primary (T1) and secondary (T2) time points underwent standard histopathology and immunohistochemistry for identification of @entity6 , followed by evaluation of @entity6 numbers, distribution, morphology, relation to ganglion cells, and myenteric plexus architecture. Groups were compared using parametric and nonparametric tests. MAIN RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 had samples available for histopathological evaluation. @entity2 @entity0 had a significantly lower total number of ICCs than controls (3 vs. 8, P<0.0029). @entity6 number at T1 was 2.5 vs. 6 (P=0.0629) and significantly lower at T2. (3.5 vs. 11, P=0.0124). @entity2 @entity0 did not show a significant increase of @entity6 from T1 to T2. Controls showed a significant increase of @entity6 over time (6 vs. 11, P=0.0408). CONCLUSION: Intestinal samples from @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent stoma formation demonstrated fewer @entity6 than controls. There was no improvement or cell recovery during the study period. The ability to modulate @entity6 may have significant implications for the management of @entity2 .

title: Interstitial cells of Cajal are decreased in @entity0 with @entity5 associated XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is poorly understood. Animal experiments suggest that @entity6 ( @entity6 ), play an important role. METHODS: @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity2 (time to full feed >42days) were selected. Age matched @entity5 and control (NEC, @entity4 , @entity1 , and @entity3 ) samples from primary (T1) and secondary (T2) time points underwent standard histopathology and immunohistochemistry for identification of @entity6 , followed by evaluation of @entity6 numbers, distribution, morphology, relation to ganglion cells, and myenteric plexus architecture. Groups were compared using parametric and nonparametric tests. MAIN RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 had samples available for histopathological evaluation. @entity2 @entity0 had a significantly lower total number of ICCs than controls (3 vs. 8, P<0.0029). @entity6 number at T1 was 2.5 vs. 6 (P=0.0629) and significantly lower at T2. (3.5 vs. 11, P=0.0124). @entity2 @entity0 did not show a significant increase of @entity6 from T1 to T2. Controls showed a significant increase of @entity6 over time (6 vs. 11, P=0.0408). CONCLUSION: Intestinal samples from @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent stoma formation demonstrated fewer @entity6 than controls. There was no improvement or cell recovery during the study period. The ability to modulate @entity6 may have significant implications for the management of @entity2 .

title: Interstitial cells of Cajal are decreased in @entity0 with XXXX associated @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is poorly understood. Animal experiments suggest that @entity6 ( @entity6 ), play an important role. METHODS: @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity2 (time to full feed >42days) were selected. Age matched @entity5 and control (NEC, @entity4 , @entity1 , and @entity3 ) samples from primary (T1) and secondary (T2) time points underwent standard histopathology and immunohistochemistry for identification of @entity6 , followed by evaluation of @entity6 numbers, distribution, morphology, relation to ganglion cells, and myenteric plexus architecture. Groups were compared using parametric and nonparametric tests. MAIN RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 had samples available for histopathological evaluation. @entity2 @entity0 had a significantly lower total number of ICCs than controls (3 vs. 8, P<0.0029). @entity6 number at T1 was 2.5 vs. 6 (P=0.0629) and significantly lower at T2. (3.5 vs. 11, P=0.0124). @entity2 @entity0 did not show a significant increase of @entity6 from T1 to T2. Controls showed a significant increase of @entity6 over time (6 vs. 11, P=0.0408). CONCLUSION: Intestinal samples from @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent stoma formation demonstrated fewer @entity6 than controls. There was no improvement or cell recovery during the study period. The ability to modulate @entity6 may have significant implications for the management of @entity2 .

title: Interstitial cells of Cajal are decreased in XXXX with @entity5 associated @entity2 .

answer: @entity0