abstract: While amyloid beta (Ab) plays a central role in the development of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), recent evidence suggests the involvement of @entity2 metabolism in @entity1 pathogenesis. Earlier research has shown that a single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of pre-aggregated Ab25-35 (the neurotoxic domain of the full-length Ab) altered @entity2 metabolism in the @entity0 hippocampus (particularly the @entity12 and dentate gyrus (DG) sub-regions) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) at the time point of 8days post-infusion. The present study measured the levels of @entity9 and its nine downstream metabolites ( @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity11 , @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity3 and @entity4 ) in the hippocampus and PFC at the time points of 42 and 97days following a single bilateral i.c.v. infusion of Ab25-35 (30nmol/ @entity0 ) or Ab35-25 (reverse peptide; 30nmol/ @entity0 ). At the 42-day time point, Ab25-35 resulted in decreased levels of @entity4 , @entity4 and @entity8 in the @entity12 sub-region of the hippocampus. At the 97-day time point, however, there were decreased @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels, but increased @entity4 / @entity3 ratio, in the PFC and increased @entity8 levels in the DG sub-region. Cluster analyses showed that @entity9 and its three main metabolites @entity7 , @entity10 and @entity5 formed distinct groups, which changed as a function of Ab25-35 at the 42-day and 97-day time points, particularly in the @entity12 and PFC regions respectively. This study, for the first time, demonstrates that a single i.c.v. infusion of pre-aggregated Ab25-35 leads to prolonged alterations in @entity2 metabolism in a region-specific and time-dependent manner, which further supports the involvement of @entity2 metabolism in @entity1 pathogenesis.

title: A single intracerebroventricular Ab25-35 infusion leads to prolonged alterations in XXXX metabolism in the @entity0 hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.

answer: @entity2


abstract: While amyloid beta (Ab) plays a central role in the development of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), recent evidence suggests the involvement of @entity2 metabolism in @entity1 pathogenesis. Earlier research has shown that a single intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of pre-aggregated Ab25-35 (the neurotoxic domain of the full-length Ab) altered @entity2 metabolism in the @entity0 hippocampus (particularly the @entity12 and dentate gyrus (DG) sub-regions) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) at the time point of 8days post-infusion. The present study measured the levels of @entity9 and its nine downstream metabolites ( @entity7 , @entity10 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity11 , @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity3 and @entity4 ) in the hippocampus and PFC at the time points of 42 and 97days following a single bilateral i.c.v. infusion of Ab25-35 (30nmol/ @entity0 ) or Ab35-25 (reverse peptide; 30nmol/ @entity0 ). At the 42-day time point, Ab25-35 resulted in decreased levels of @entity4 , @entity4 and @entity8 in the @entity12 sub-region of the hippocampus. At the 97-day time point, however, there were decreased @entity10 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels, but increased @entity4 / @entity3 ratio, in the PFC and increased @entity8 levels in the DG sub-region. Cluster analyses showed that @entity9 and its three main metabolites @entity7 , @entity10 and @entity5 formed distinct groups, which changed as a function of Ab25-35 at the 42-day and 97-day time points, particularly in the @entity12 and PFC regions respectively. This study, for the first time, demonstrates that a single i.c.v. infusion of pre-aggregated Ab25-35 leads to prolonged alterations in @entity2 metabolism in a region-specific and time-dependent manner, which further supports the involvement of @entity2 metabolism in @entity1 pathogenesis.

title: A single intracerebroventricular Ab25-35 infusion leads to prolonged alterations in @entity2 metabolism in the XXXX hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The aim of this study was to clarify the differences in the pathogenesis of @entity1 between myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA)-positive and -negative @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Eight MPO-ANCA-positive and 14 MPO-ANCA-negative @entity0 were included. In addition to the standard histology, nerve biopsies were examined, employing immunohistochemistry for @entity6 and electron microscopy. The groups did not differ significantly in clinical profiles, including the peak disability score and number of blood eosinophils. In nerve biopsies, @entity4 was found in 63% (5/8) of the ANCA-positive and 21% (3/14) of the ANCA-negative @entity0 . Fibrinoid @entity2 of vessel walls was noted in 4 ANCA-positive @entity0 (50%), and in one ANCA-negative @entity0 (p = 0039). In contrast, a large number of eosinophilic infiltrations in the epineurium was shown in 36% (5/14) of the ANCA-negative @entity0 , with no eosinophilic infiltrations shown in ANCA-positive @entity0 . In 3 ANCA-negative @entity0 , endoneurial eosinophils were seen where focal axonal loss and @entity3 were occasionally noted. There may be 2 pathogenetic mechanisms of @entity1 with @entity5 : ANCA-related vascular fibrinoid @entity2 , and a toxic eosinophilic effect on nerve fibers which is independent of ANCA. Therapy targeting activated eosinophils may be a possible treatment for intractable @entity1 of @entity5 .

title: Two subtypes of @entity5 with XXXX : the roles of eosinophils and ANCA.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of this study was to clarify the differences in the pathogenesis of @entity1 between myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA)-positive and -negative @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Eight MPO-ANCA-positive and 14 MPO-ANCA-negative @entity0 were included. In addition to the standard histology, nerve biopsies were examined, employing immunohistochemistry for @entity6 and electron microscopy. The groups did not differ significantly in clinical profiles, including the peak disability score and number of blood eosinophils. In nerve biopsies, @entity4 was found in 63% (5/8) of the ANCA-positive and 21% (3/14) of the ANCA-negative @entity0 . Fibrinoid @entity2 of vessel walls was noted in 4 ANCA-positive @entity0 (50%), and in one ANCA-negative @entity0 (p = 0039). In contrast, a large number of eosinophilic infiltrations in the epineurium was shown in 36% (5/14) of the ANCA-negative @entity0 , with no eosinophilic infiltrations shown in ANCA-positive @entity0 . In 3 ANCA-negative @entity0 , endoneurial eosinophils were seen where focal axonal loss and @entity3 were occasionally noted. There may be 2 pathogenetic mechanisms of @entity1 with @entity5 : ANCA-related vascular fibrinoid @entity2 , and a toxic eosinophilic effect on nerve fibers which is independent of ANCA. Therapy targeting activated eosinophils may be a possible treatment for intractable @entity1 of @entity5 .

title: Two subtypes of XXXX with @entity1 : the roles of eosinophils and ANCA.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The liver hosts a variety of benign and @entity2 . Accurate diagnosis can be challenging in certain cases, especially in @entity0 with a history of @entity2 or in those with underlying liver pathology, such as @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the added clinical value of multi-modality liver imaging utilizing PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI for characterization of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and compare it with each diagnostic modality when interpreted alone. METHODS: The study included 35 @entity0 with @entity4 . They were 7 females _ 28 males; their age ranged from 41 to 78years, all @entity0 underwent PET/Ce-CT and DW-MRI scans. Ce-CT, PET and DW-MR images were reviewed independently, and then combined PET/Ce-CT, PET/DW-MRI and PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI scans were analyzed. The results were correlated with histopathology or clinical/imaging follow-up. RESULTS: The 35 @entity0 had 98 focal lesions. Fifty-three lesions were finally diagnosed as primary @entity5 , 18 lesions were @entity1 , 7 lesions were @entity6 and 20 lesions were benign. On a @entity0 based analysis; the sensitivity, specificity, @entity7 , NPV and accuracy were 100%, 67%, 94%, 100% and 94% for PET/Ce-CT compared to 97%, 83%, 97%, 83% and 94 % for DW-MRI, respectively. Combined PET/Ce-CT/DW-MR scans raise those parameters up to 100%. On a lesion based analysis; the sensitivity, specificity, @entity7 , NPV and accuracy were 94%, 75%, 94%, 75%, 90% for PET/Ce-CT compared to 94%, 95%, 99%, 97% and 94 % for DW-MRI, respectively. All these parameters were 100 % with PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of DW-MRI to PET/Ce-CT is valuable in the characterization of @entity4 .

title: The added value of PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI fusion in assessment of XXXX : PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI fusion in @entity4 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The liver hosts a variety of benign and @entity2 . Accurate diagnosis can be challenging in certain cases, especially in @entity0 with a history of @entity2 or in those with underlying liver pathology, such as @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the added clinical value of multi-modality liver imaging utilizing PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI for characterization of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and compare it with each diagnostic modality when interpreted alone. METHODS: The study included 35 @entity0 with @entity4 . They were 7 females _ 28 males; their age ranged from 41 to 78years, all @entity0 underwent PET/Ce-CT and DW-MRI scans. Ce-CT, PET and DW-MR images were reviewed independently, and then combined PET/Ce-CT, PET/DW-MRI and PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI scans were analyzed. The results were correlated with histopathology or clinical/imaging follow-up. RESULTS: The 35 @entity0 had 98 focal lesions. Fifty-three lesions were finally diagnosed as primary @entity5 , 18 lesions were @entity1 , 7 lesions were @entity6 and 20 lesions were benign. On a @entity0 based analysis; the sensitivity, specificity, @entity7 , NPV and accuracy were 100%, 67%, 94%, 100% and 94% for PET/Ce-CT compared to 97%, 83%, 97%, 83% and 94 % for DW-MRI, respectively. Combined PET/Ce-CT/DW-MR scans raise those parameters up to 100%. On a lesion based analysis; the sensitivity, specificity, @entity7 , NPV and accuracy were 94%, 75%, 94%, 75%, 90% for PET/Ce-CT compared to 94%, 95%, 99%, 97% and 94 % for DW-MRI, respectively. All these parameters were 100 % with PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of DW-MRI to PET/Ce-CT is valuable in the characterization of @entity4 .

title: The added value of PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI fusion in assessment of @entity4 : PET/Ce-CT/DW-MRI fusion in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of third trimester ultrasound (estimated fetal weight, cheek-to-cheek diameter, sectional Wharton's jelly area, sectional areas and fractional volumes in extremities) to predict birth weight and cord biochemical markers at birth (leptin, insulin, @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity3 and ferritin) in @entity1 . METHOD: Prospective study in 49 @entity0 with gestational @entity1 . An ultrasound was performed between 32 and 34   weeks. Clinical data were collected, and a blood sample was obtained from cord after birth. ROC curve models were evaluated for 75(th) and 90(th) birth weight percentile. Univariate and multivariate models were used to assess the association between ultrasound and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS: Sectional areas and fractional volumes showed significant differences and highest AUC values for predicting birth weight. A significant association was found for extremities measurements with total birth weight and its percentile. The only marker which showed a significant association to estimated fetal weight was @entity3 . Sectional areas and fractional volumes related to cord leptin, @entity3 , insulin and @entity4 . CONCLUSION: Sectional areas and fractional volumes improve the predictive value of estimated fetal weight in @entity1 . They also show a predictive association to biochemical changes in cord (leptin, insulin and @entity3 ) related to increased adiposity and risk of @entity5 .    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Fetal limb soft tissue assessment for prediction of birth weight and umbilical cord blood analytes in gestational XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer of natural origin widely applied to the preparation of functional hydrogels suitable for controlled release of drugs, peptides and proteins. Non-covalent interactions, expecially ionic interactions, are the main driver of the loading and release behaviour of @entity3 or peptides from chitosan hydrogels. With the aim to improve the understanding of the mechanisms governing the behaviour of chitosan hydrogels on peptide uptake and delivery, in this paper the attention was focused on the role played by @entity1 on the interactions of chitosan hydrogels with @entity1 -containing @entity3 (AA) and peptides. Hence, loading and release experiments on @entity0 , @entity2 and @entity4 (SH containing @entity5 , @entity8 and @entity11 , respectively) as well as on @entity10 and @entity7 as apolar @entity3 were carried out. For these puroses, chitosan hydrogels were prepared in an easy and reproducible manner by a freeze-gelation process on a @entity9 coated support. The hydrogel surface pore size, uniformity and distribution were tested. Optimal results (D50=26  4 m) were obtained by using the @entity9 positively-charged surface. The loading results gathered evidenced that the @entity1 -containing molecules presented an increased absorption both in terms of rate and extent by chitosan hydrogels with respect to nonpolar @entity3 , mainly due to ionic and @entity6 bond interactions. ATR-FTIR analysis carried out on chitosan hydrogels, with and without the AA related compounds to study putative interactions, supported these apparent @entity1 -dependent results. Finally, chitosan hydrogels displayed excellent retention capabilities (AA release <5%) for all AA, strongly supporting the use of chitosan hydrogels as matrix for controlled drug release.

title: Macroporous chitosan hydrogels: Effects of @entity1 on the loading and release behaviour of XXXX -based compounds.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer of natural origin widely applied to the preparation of functional hydrogels suitable for controlled release of drugs, peptides and proteins. Non-covalent interactions, expecially ionic interactions, are the main driver of the loading and release behaviour of @entity3 or peptides from chitosan hydrogels. With the aim to improve the understanding of the mechanisms governing the behaviour of chitosan hydrogels on peptide uptake and delivery, in this paper the attention was focused on the role played by @entity1 on the interactions of chitosan hydrogels with @entity1 -containing @entity3 (AA) and peptides. Hence, loading and release experiments on @entity0 , @entity2 and @entity4 (SH containing @entity5 , @entity8 and @entity11 , respectively) as well as on @entity10 and @entity7 as apolar @entity3 were carried out. For these puroses, chitosan hydrogels were prepared in an easy and reproducible manner by a freeze-gelation process on a @entity9 coated support. The hydrogel surface pore size, uniformity and distribution were tested. Optimal results (D50=26  4 m) were obtained by using the @entity9 positively-charged surface. The loading results gathered evidenced that the @entity1 -containing molecules presented an increased absorption both in terms of rate and extent by chitosan hydrogels with respect to nonpolar @entity3 , mainly due to ionic and @entity6 bond interactions. ATR-FTIR analysis carried out on chitosan hydrogels, with and without the AA related compounds to study putative interactions, supported these apparent @entity1 -dependent results. Finally, chitosan hydrogels displayed excellent retention capabilities (AA release <5%) for all AA, strongly supporting the use of chitosan hydrogels as matrix for controlled drug release.

title: Macroporous chitosan hydrogels: Effects of XXXX on the loading and release behaviour of @entity5 -based compounds.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate @entity4 associated with bimatoprost 0.01% treatment in @entity0 who replace latanoprost 0.005% with bimatoprost 0.01%. METHODS: Randomized, double-masked, vehicle-controlled, multicenter study of @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 whose intraocular pressure (IOP) was adequately controlled on latanoprost monotherapy. At baseline, @entity0 discontinued latanoprost and were randomized to treatment with once-daily bimatoprost 0.01% (n = 151) or vehicle (n = 71). The primary endpoint was the peak change in macroscopic @entity1 ( @entity4 evaluated by gross visual inspection) from baseline to month 1. RESULTS: Bimatoprost 0.01% was noninferior to vehicle in the mean [standard deviation] peak change from baseline macroscopic @entity1 at month 1 (0.18 [0.46] in the bimatoprost 0.01% group vs 0.02 [0.32] in the vehicle group, P = 0.009). The between-group difference was 0.15 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04, 0.26), which was within the predefined margin for noninferiority of 0.5 on a @entity1 grading scale of 0 to +3. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in the percentage of @entity0 with a >= 1-grade increase in macroscopic @entity1 from baseline. Mean IOP was decreased from baseline (-0.7 to -1.3 mm Hg) in the bimatoprost 0.01% group (P  <= 0.002) and was increased from baseline (+3.3 to +3.6 mm Hg) in the vehicle group (P < 0.001) at month 1. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Bimatoprost 0.01% was noninferior to vehicle with respect to @entity4 in this study population. Replacement of latanoprost with bimatoprost 0.01% in @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 can result in additional IOP reduction without clinically important @entity1 .

title: A randomized, controlled comparison of macroscopic XXXX in @entity0 treated with bimatoprost 0.01% or vehicle who were previously controlled on latanoprost.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate @entity4 associated with bimatoprost 0.01% treatment in @entity0 who replace latanoprost 0.005% with bimatoprost 0.01%. METHODS: Randomized, double-masked, vehicle-controlled, multicenter study of @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 whose intraocular pressure (IOP) was adequately controlled on latanoprost monotherapy. At baseline, @entity0 discontinued latanoprost and were randomized to treatment with once-daily bimatoprost 0.01% (n = 151) or vehicle (n = 71). The primary endpoint was the peak change in macroscopic @entity1 ( @entity4 evaluated by gross visual inspection) from baseline to month 1. RESULTS: Bimatoprost 0.01% was noninferior to vehicle in the mean [standard deviation] peak change from baseline macroscopic @entity1 at month 1 (0.18 [0.46] in the bimatoprost 0.01% group vs 0.02 [0.32] in the vehicle group, P = 0.009). The between-group difference was 0.15 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.04, 0.26), which was within the predefined margin for noninferiority of 0.5 on a @entity1 grading scale of 0 to +3. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in the percentage of @entity0 with a >= 1-grade increase in macroscopic @entity1 from baseline. Mean IOP was decreased from baseline (-0.7 to -1.3 mm Hg) in the bimatoprost 0.01% group (P  <= 0.002) and was increased from baseline (+3.3 to +3.6 mm Hg) in the vehicle group (P < 0.001) at month 1. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Bimatoprost 0.01% was noninferior to vehicle with respect to @entity4 in this study population. Replacement of latanoprost with bimatoprost 0.01% in @entity0 with @entity3 or @entity2 can result in additional IOP reduction without clinically important @entity1 .

title: A randomized, controlled comparison of macroscopic @entity4 in XXXX treated with bimatoprost 0.01% or vehicle who were previously controlled on latanoprost.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: assess whether the current protein intake recommendations may improve the biochemical parameters of critical @entity0 receiving parenteral nutrition. METHODS: longitudinal study with three evaluations made (during the first 72 hours, on the 7th and the 14th days of @entity5 ). The following tests were applied: albumin, @entity3 , prealbumin, total @entity1 , HDL, @entity2 , lymphocytes, and @entity4 peroxidase. The severity was determined by SOFA. The statistical analysis included the Spearman and Mann-Whitney tests, as well as ANOVA (analysis of variance). RESULTS: among the 53 @entity0 evaluated, 20 (37.74%) died. The mean calorie was 24.68    9.78 kcal/kg (beginning of @entity5 ), 26.49    8.89 kcal/kg (3rd to 7th days of @entity5 ), and 30.9    12.19 kcal/kg (7th to 14th days of @entity5 ). The mean protein was 1.19    0.44 g/kcal/kg (first 72 hours of @entity5 ), 1.29    0.44 g/kcal/kg (3rd to 7th days of @entity5 ) and 1.49    0.69 g/kcal/kg (7th to 14th days of @entity5 ). Prealbumin, albumin, total @entity1 and HDL were below the reference values, while the CRP levels were high. Throughout the three evaluation times, there was no a significant improvement on the levels of laboratory examinations. A strong and negative correlation was found between SOFA and prealbumin (r = -0.64, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: the protein offer, according to the traditional recommendations, was not enough to improve the biochemical parameters of critical @entity0 undergoing parenteral nutrition.

title: PROTEIN NEEDS OF CRITICALLY ILL XXXX RECEIVING PARENTERAL NUTRITION.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is considered a global public health problem, and is the most frequently type diagnosed in Mexican @entity1 . Therefore, it is important to study the risk factors associated to this @entity2 in order to establish prevention strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hormonal contraceptives and hormone therapy (HT) use and period of use, breastfeeding practice, @entity4 and @entity3 in adulthood, on the risk of @entity0 in adult @entity1 from Northwest Mexico. This was a case-control study that included 162 @entity1 (81 cases and 81 controls). A sociodemographic and health questionnaire, and a survey history of body weight were applied to @entity1 . Measurements of body weight, height and waist circumference were performed. To assess the association between @entity0 risk and exposing factors, a multivariate logistic regression model was used. Average age of cases and controls were 51.8    11.7 and 51.4    11.3 years, respectively. No significant association was found between the use and period of use of hormonal contraceptives and HT with the risk of @entity0 . The practice of breastfeeding (OR=0.34, 95%CI: 0.12- 0.92) and the time of exclusive breastfeeding (OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.42-0.97; crude) were protective against the risk of @entity0 . @entity4 (OR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.90-0.97) and @entity3 in early adulthood (OR=0.90, 95%CI: 0.85-0.95) were inversely associated to the risk of @entity0 . In conclusion, the practice of breastfeeding may help prevent @entity0 in Mexican @entity1 .

title: [INFLUENCE OF REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS, BREASTFEEDING AND OBESITY ON THE RISK OF BREAST CANCER IN MEXICAN XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity8 , and @entity5 (PFAPA) is a @entity1 that is often cured by tonsillectomy (TE). We hypothesized that microbes present in the tonsils may act as a trigger for the activation of inflammasomes and investigated the microbiology of the tonsils in PFAPA @entity0 and controls. We recruited 31 consecutive @entity0 who underwent TE due to PFAPA; 24 @entity0 who underwent TE due to other reasons served as controls. We cultured all the samples for bacteria, mycobacteria, @entity2 , and viruses and used PCR for 15 viruses. Also biofilm formation and histologic findings were identified. The samples of the @entity0 yielded @entity7 more often than did the controls (16 vs 0%, p  =  0.003). @entity3 occurred in only 10% of the @entity0 , but in 38% of the controls (p  =  0.01). @entity6 occurred less often in @entity0 than in controls. Biofilm was present in 55% of PFAPA tonsils, but in only 24% of the controls (p  =  0.03). The microbes found in the tonsils of PFAPA @entity0 showed significant differences from those of controls. This may in part explain the efficacy of TE in PFAPA.

title: Microbes of the tonsils in PFAPA ( XXXX , @entity4 , @entity8 and @entity5 ) syndrome - a possible trigger of febrile episodes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity8 , and @entity5 (PFAPA) is a @entity1 that is often cured by tonsillectomy (TE). We hypothesized that microbes present in the tonsils may act as a trigger for the activation of inflammasomes and investigated the microbiology of the tonsils in PFAPA @entity0 and controls. We recruited 31 consecutive @entity0 who underwent TE due to PFAPA; 24 @entity0 who underwent TE due to other reasons served as controls. We cultured all the samples for bacteria, mycobacteria, @entity2 , and viruses and used PCR for 15 viruses. Also biofilm formation and histologic findings were identified. The samples of the @entity0 yielded @entity7 more often than did the controls (16 vs 0%, p  =  0.003). @entity3 occurred in only 10% of the @entity0 , but in 38% of the controls (p  =  0.01). @entity6 occurred less often in @entity0 than in controls. Biofilm was present in 55% of PFAPA tonsils, but in only 24% of the controls (p  =  0.03). The microbes found in the tonsils of PFAPA @entity0 showed significant differences from those of controls. This may in part explain the efficacy of TE in PFAPA.

title: Microbes of the tonsils in PFAPA ( @entity1 , XXXX , @entity8 and @entity5 ) syndrome - a possible trigger of febrile episodes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity8 , and @entity5 (PFAPA) is a @entity1 that is often cured by tonsillectomy (TE). We hypothesized that microbes present in the tonsils may act as a trigger for the activation of inflammasomes and investigated the microbiology of the tonsils in PFAPA @entity0 and controls. We recruited 31 consecutive @entity0 who underwent TE due to PFAPA; 24 @entity0 who underwent TE due to other reasons served as controls. We cultured all the samples for bacteria, mycobacteria, @entity2 , and viruses and used PCR for 15 viruses. Also biofilm formation and histologic findings were identified. The samples of the @entity0 yielded @entity7 more often than did the controls (16 vs 0%, p  =  0.003). @entity3 occurred in only 10% of the @entity0 , but in 38% of the controls (p  =  0.01). @entity6 occurred less often in @entity0 than in controls. Biofilm was present in 55% of PFAPA tonsils, but in only 24% of the controls (p  =  0.03). The microbes found in the tonsils of PFAPA @entity0 showed significant differences from those of controls. This may in part explain the efficacy of TE in PFAPA.

title: Microbes of the tonsils in PFAPA ( @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity8 and XXXX ) syndrome - a possible trigger of febrile episodes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity8 , and @entity5 (PFAPA) is a @entity1 that is often cured by tonsillectomy (TE). We hypothesized that microbes present in the tonsils may act as a trigger for the activation of inflammasomes and investigated the microbiology of the tonsils in PFAPA @entity0 and controls. We recruited 31 consecutive @entity0 who underwent TE due to PFAPA; 24 @entity0 who underwent TE due to other reasons served as controls. We cultured all the samples for bacteria, mycobacteria, @entity2 , and viruses and used PCR for 15 viruses. Also biofilm formation and histologic findings were identified. The samples of the @entity0 yielded @entity7 more often than did the controls (16 vs 0%, p  =  0.003). @entity3 occurred in only 10% of the @entity0 , but in 38% of the controls (p  =  0.01). @entity6 occurred less often in @entity0 than in controls. Biofilm was present in 55% of PFAPA tonsils, but in only 24% of the controls (p  =  0.03). The microbes found in the tonsils of PFAPA @entity0 showed significant differences from those of controls. This may in part explain the efficacy of TE in PFAPA.

title: Microbes of the tonsils in PFAPA ( @entity1 , @entity4 , XXXX and @entity5 ) syndrome - a possible trigger of febrile episodes.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent investigations of accelerated long-term forgetting, a condition in which newly acquired memory is normal initially but decays rapidly over days or weeks, indicate that multiple factors might influence whether this phenomenon is seen in @entity0 with @entity2 . Test-based differences such as learning condition or type of memory measure (e.g., recall vs recognition) as well as @entity2 variables (e.g., side, site, or frequency of @entity2 ) may be important. The present study sought to characterize factors affecting learning and memory for prose passages in @entity0 with @entity4 . We enrolled 21 @entity0 with @entity3 , with and without @entity1 , 11 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and 29 healthy controls. Two matched passages were used to compare effects of @entity5 (one exposure versus learning-to-criterion) on subsequent patterns of retention. Recall and recognition were tested at different delays (i.e., immediately, 30min, 24h, and 4days). Regression analyses and one-way ANOVAs indicated that having a left-hemisphere @entity2 focus had a negative impact on learning, whilst presence of a @entity1 (irrespective of side) was associated with deterioration in recall for intervals up to 24h postencoding. @entity5 affected patterns of memory decay in that the @entity2 group showed significant decline in recall between 24h and 4days only when stories were learned to criterion. In contrast with recall, no changes over time were evident in recognition memory, as @entity0 with @entity1 were impaired from 30min onward. Epilepsy variables other than side and site of @entity2 /lesion did not influence performance. In conclusion, the left hemisphere is involved in learning of prose material, and the hippocampus is involved in the consolidation of this material mainly for the first 24h. After this, cortical regions outside the hippocampus become important for recall.

title: Disruption of learning and long-term retention of prose passages in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent investigations of accelerated long-term forgetting, a condition in which newly acquired memory is normal initially but decays rapidly over days or weeks, indicate that multiple factors might influence whether this phenomenon is seen in @entity0 with @entity2 . Test-based differences such as learning condition or type of memory measure (e.g., recall vs recognition) as well as @entity2 variables (e.g., side, site, or frequency of @entity2 ) may be important. The present study sought to characterize factors affecting learning and memory for prose passages in @entity0 with @entity4 . We enrolled 21 @entity0 with @entity3 , with and without @entity1 , 11 @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and 29 healthy controls. Two matched passages were used to compare effects of @entity5 (one exposure versus learning-to-criterion) on subsequent patterns of retention. Recall and recognition were tested at different delays (i.e., immediately, 30min, 24h, and 4days). Regression analyses and one-way ANOVAs indicated that having a left-hemisphere @entity2 focus had a negative impact on learning, whilst presence of a @entity1 (irrespective of side) was associated with deterioration in recall for intervals up to 24h postencoding. @entity5 affected patterns of memory decay in that the @entity2 group showed significant decline in recall between 24h and 4days only when stories were learned to criterion. In contrast with recall, no changes over time were evident in recognition memory, as @entity0 with @entity1 were impaired from 30min onward. Epilepsy variables other than side and site of @entity2 /lesion did not influence performance. In conclusion, the left hemisphere is involved in learning of prose material, and the hippocampus is involved in the consolidation of this material mainly for the first 24h. After this, cortical regions outside the hippocampus become important for recall.

title: Disruption of learning and long-term retention of prose passages in XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 exacerbations are associated with worsening of @entity1 , the nature of which may be neutrophilic, eosinophilic, or both. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to examine the cellular nature of @entity1 in successive COPD exacerbations in order to ascertain if they changed in individual @entity0 . The secondary objective was to estimate the relative risk indicating the extent to which a particular type of exacerbation changed as a function of the most recent exacerbation. DESIGN: This was a retrospective survey performed on a computerised sputum cell count database of a referral respiratory service in Hamilton, Canada. Recurrent event analyses were used to model the incidence of exacerbations and subtypes of exacerbations. RESULTS: 359  @entity0 and 148  @entity0 had sputum examined during stable condition and during exacerbations, respectively. It was found 65 @entity0 had sputum examined during both situations. The exacerbations were eosinophilic in 15.9%, neutrophilic in 18%, combined in 2.6%, of unknown clinical significance in 19.6% and normal in 19.6%. There were missing counts for 24.3% samples. In 85.2% of @entity0 , a different subtype of @entity3 was noted in successive exacerbations. The relative risk of a subsequent neutrophilic or eosinophilic exacerbation was 6.24 (p = 0.02) and 2.8 (p = 0.24) when the previous exacerbation was neutrophilic or eosinophilic respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This non-intervention study suggests that the cellular nature of @entity3 is largely unpredictable and needs to be examined at each COPD exacerbation This has important implications in choosing the appropriate therapy. Future intervention studies would provide further evidence.

title: Changing Pattern of Sputum Cell Counts During Successive Exacerbations of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: We explored the diagnostic use of circulating @entity1 cells in @entity0 with neoadjuvant @entity2 using enumeration and next generation sequencing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 @entity0 with @entity2 who were eligible for @entity3 based neoadjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in an institutional review board approved study. Subjects underwent blood draws at baseline and after 1 cycle of chemotherapy. A total of 11 @entity0 with metastatic @entity2 and 13 healthy donors were analyzed for comparison. Samples were enriched for circulating @entity1 cells using the novel IsoFlux    System microfluidic collection device. Circulating @entity1 cell counts were analyzed for repeatability and compared with Food and Drug Administration cleared circulating @entity1 cells. Circulating @entity1 cells were also analyzed for mutational status using next generation sequencing. RESULTS: Median circulating @entity1 cell counts were 13 at baseline and 5 at followup in the neoadjuvant group, 29 in the metastatic group and 2 in the healthy group. The concordance of circulating @entity1 cell levels, defined as low-fewer than 10, medium-11 to 30 and high-greater than 30, across replicate tubes was 100% in 15 preparations. In matched samples the IsoFlux test showed 10 or more circulating @entity1 cells in 4 of 9 samples (44%) while CellSearch   showed 0 of 9 (0%). At cystectomy 4 months after baseline all 3 @entity0 (100%) with medium/high circulating @entity1 cell levels at baseline and followup had unfavorable pathological stage disease ( @entity4 or N+). Next generation sequencing analysis showed somatic variant detection in 4 of 8 @entity0 using a targeted @entity1 panel. All 8 cases (100%) had a medium/high circulating @entity1 cell level with a circulating @entity1 cell fraction of greater than 5% purity. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates a potential role for circulating @entity1 cell assays in the management of @entity2 . The IsoFlux method of circulating @entity1 cell detection shows increased sensitivity compared with CellSearch. A next generation sequencing assay is presented with sufficient sensitivity to detect genomic alterations in circulating @entity1 cells.

title: Circulating Tumor Cells as Potential Biomarkers in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic @entity2 of lipopeptides mixture produced by Bacillus mojavensis A21 as well as their in vitro anticoagulant activity. A21 lipopeptides was given to @entity0 at single dose from 75 mg to 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw). The median lethal dose (LD50) of A21 lipopeptides was about 550 mg/kg bw. Sub-chronic @entity2 study for 28 days was done by daily oral administration of A21 lipopeptides at doses of 40 and 400 mg/kg bw in @entity1 . Results showed that A21 lipopeptides did not cause any change in body weights and they did not produce any marked alterations in the hematological blood parameters including hematocrit concentration, hemoglobin level, white and red cells count. However, the platelets level decreased significantly compared to control value. Moreover, no significant differences in the serum biochemical characteristics were observed for @entity1 treated by the lowest dose. In contrast, a little enhancement of @entity4 -aminotransferase (ALT) activity and decrease in total @entity3 were observed with the highest dose. A21 lipopeptides were also found to cause a prolongation of the @entity5 time (TT), the prothrombin time (PT) and the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Overall, A21 lipopeptides may be very promising compounds for therapeutic purposes.

title: XXXX profiles of lipopeptides from Bacillus mojavensis A21 and evaluation of their in vitro anticoagulant activity.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) has become an important part of staging and treatment evaluation algorithms of @entity1 . We aimed to compare the results of PET/CT with bone marrow biopsy (BMB) with respect to bone marrow involvement (BMI) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and aggressive @entity3 (aNHL). METHODS: The medical files of a total of 297 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 or aNHL and followed at the hematology clinics of 3 major hospitals in   stanbul between 2008 and 2012 were screened retrospectively and 161 @entity0 with classical @entity2 and aNHL were included in the study. The @entity0 were referred for PET/CT and BMB at the initial staging. BMB was performed as the reference standard for the evaluation of BMI. RESULTS: There were 61 (38%) @entity2 and 100 (62%) aNHL @entity0 . Concordant results were revealed between PET/CT and BMB in 126 @entity0 (78%) (52 @entity2 , 74 aNHL), 20 with positive PET/CT and BMB results and 106 with negative PET/CT and BMB results. There were discordant results in 35 @entity0 (9 @entity2 , 26 aNHL), 16 of them with positive BMB and negative PET/ CT results and 19 of them with negative BMB and positive PET/CT results. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We observed that PET/CT is effective to detect BMI, despite it alone not being sufficient to evaluate BMI in @entity2 and aNHL. Bone marrow trephine biopsy and PET/CT should be considered as mutually complementary methods for detection of BMI in @entity0 with @entity1 . In suspected focal involvement, combining biopsy and PET/CT might improve staging results.

title: Can Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography Be a Substitute for Bone Marrow Biopsy in Detection of Bone Marrow Involvement in @entity0 with Hodgkin's or XXXX ?

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) has become an important part of staging and treatment evaluation algorithms of @entity1 . We aimed to compare the results of PET/CT with bone marrow biopsy (BMB) with respect to bone marrow involvement (BMI) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and aggressive @entity3 (aNHL). METHODS: The medical files of a total of 297 @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 or aNHL and followed at the hematology clinics of 3 major hospitals in   stanbul between 2008 and 2012 were screened retrospectively and 161 @entity0 with classical @entity2 and aNHL were included in the study. The @entity0 were referred for PET/CT and BMB at the initial staging. BMB was performed as the reference standard for the evaluation of BMI. RESULTS: There were 61 (38%) @entity2 and 100 (62%) aNHL @entity0 . Concordant results were revealed between PET/CT and BMB in 126 @entity0 (78%) (52 @entity2 , 74 aNHL), 20 with positive PET/CT and BMB results and 106 with negative PET/CT and BMB results. There were discordant results in 35 @entity0 (9 @entity2 , 26 aNHL), 16 of them with positive BMB and negative PET/ CT results and 19 of them with negative BMB and positive PET/CT results. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We observed that PET/CT is effective to detect BMI, despite it alone not being sufficient to evaluate BMI in @entity2 and aNHL. Bone marrow trephine biopsy and PET/CT should be considered as mutually complementary methods for detection of BMI in @entity0 with @entity1 . In suspected focal involvement, combining biopsy and PET/CT might improve staging results.

title: Can Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography Be a Substitute for Bone Marrow Biopsy in Detection of Bone Marrow Involvement in XXXX with Hodgkin's or @entity3 ?

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Airway epithelial cells (AEC) are key contributors to immune function in the lungs but little is known about their role and function in @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: Having previously established that nasal AEC mediator release correlates with that of bronchial AEC, we assessed AEC responses in @entity0 with and without a history of wheeze. METHODS: Nasal AEC cultures were established from @entity0 (0.6-14.9 years) undergoing elective surgical procedures under general anaesthetic categorised as atopic asthmatic (n  =  12), virus-induced wheeze (n  =  8) or @entity0 without wheeze (n  =  32). Mediator release by AEC monolayers at passage 2 was determined by cytometric bead array assay or ELISA. RESULTS: Unstimulated AEC from @entity0 with a history of wheeze produced significantly less @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity9 and @entity6 than AEC from healthy controls. There were no group differences in AEC release of @entity1 , @entity11 , @entity8 or @entity10 . After stimulation with the pro-inflammatory cytokines @entity7 and @entity3 , AEC from @entity0 with current wheeze produced significantly less @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity9 than @entity0 without wheeze. Release of @entity6 , @entity1 , @entity8 and @entity10 did not differ between the wheeze and control group. There were no differences in mediator release between subjects with @entity12 and those with virus-induced wheeze or between atopic and non-atopic controls. On multivariate analysis, wheeze was the only significant predictor of AEC mediator release. CONCLUSION _ CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Intrinsic differences in AEC from @entity0 with a history of wheeze may reflect a defect in cytokine production in  vivo or an altered state of differentiation in  vitro, independent of @entity2 .

title: Airway epithelial cytokine responses in childhood wheeze are independent of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Considering the rates of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 and the cost-effectiveness of their preventing treatments, identification of @entity2 @entity0 at risk is an important challenge. In this work, we studied the prognostic performance of the combination of an index potentially related to dispersion of repolarization restitution (  a), an index quantifying T-wave alternans (IAA) and the slope of heart rate turbulence ( @entity4 ) for classification of @entity3 and @entity1 . METHODS: Holter ECG recordings of 597 @entity2 @entity0 with sinus rhythm enrolled in the MUSIC study were analyzed and   a, IAA and @entity4 were obtained. A strategy was implemented using support vector machines (SVM) to classify @entity0 in three groups: @entity3 victims, @entity1 victims and other @entity0 (the latter including survivors and victims of non-cardiac causes). Cross-validation was used to evaluate the performance of the implemented classifier. RESULTS:   a and IAA, dichotomized at 0.035 (dimensionless) and 3.73  V, respectively, were the ECG markers most strongly associated with @entity3 , while @entity4 , dichotomized at 2.5 ms/RR, was the index most strongly related to @entity1 . When separating @entity3 victims from the rest of @entity0 , the individual marker with best performance was   a>= 0.035, which, for a fixed specificity (Sp) of 90%, showed a sensitivity (Se) value of 10%, while the combination of   a and IAA increased Se to 18%. For separation of @entity1 victims from the rest of @entity0 , the best individual marker was @entity4  <= 2.5 ms/RR, which, for Sp=90%, showed a Se of 26%, this value being lower than Se=34%, produced by the combination of   a and @entity4 . Furthermore, when performing SVM classification into the three reported groups, the optimal combination of risk markers led to a maximum Sp of 79% (Se=18%) for @entity3 and Sp of 81% (Se=14%) for @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The results shown in this work suggest that it is possible to efficiently discriminate @entity3 and @entity1 in a population of @entity2 @entity0 using ECG-derived risk markers like   a, @entity4 and IAA.

title: Automatic SVM classification of @entity3 and XXXX from autonomic and repolarization ECG markers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Considering the rates of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 and the cost-effectiveness of their preventing treatments, identification of @entity2 @entity0 at risk is an important challenge. In this work, we studied the prognostic performance of the combination of an index potentially related to dispersion of repolarization restitution (  a), an index quantifying T-wave alternans (IAA) and the slope of heart rate turbulence ( @entity4 ) for classification of @entity3 and @entity1 . METHODS: Holter ECG recordings of 597 @entity2 @entity0 with sinus rhythm enrolled in the MUSIC study were analyzed and   a, IAA and @entity4 were obtained. A strategy was implemented using support vector machines (SVM) to classify @entity0 in three groups: @entity3 victims, @entity1 victims and other @entity0 (the latter including survivors and victims of non-cardiac causes). Cross-validation was used to evaluate the performance of the implemented classifier. RESULTS:   a and IAA, dichotomized at 0.035 (dimensionless) and 3.73  V, respectively, were the ECG markers most strongly associated with @entity3 , while @entity4 , dichotomized at 2.5 ms/RR, was the index most strongly related to @entity1 . When separating @entity3 victims from the rest of @entity0 , the individual marker with best performance was   a>= 0.035, which, for a fixed specificity (Sp) of 90%, showed a sensitivity (Se) value of 10%, while the combination of   a and IAA increased Se to 18%. For separation of @entity1 victims from the rest of @entity0 , the best individual marker was @entity4  <= 2.5 ms/RR, which, for Sp=90%, showed a Se of 26%, this value being lower than Se=34%, produced by the combination of   a and @entity4 . Furthermore, when performing SVM classification into the three reported groups, the optimal combination of risk markers led to a maximum Sp of 79% (Se=18%) for @entity3 and Sp of 81% (Se=14%) for @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The results shown in this work suggest that it is possible to efficiently discriminate @entity3 and @entity1 in a population of @entity2 @entity0 using ECG-derived risk markers like   a, @entity4 and IAA.

title: Automatic SVM classification of XXXX and @entity1 from autonomic and repolarization ECG markers.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mobile-bearing @entity4 designs have achieved good clinical results for the treatment of @entity4 . However, no direct comparison of the outcomes of @entity4 has been made between post-traumatic and @entity3 . The purpose of the present study was to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of @entity4 in @entity0 with post-traumatic and @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The HINTEGRA @entity4 was carried out in 65 @entity0 (67 ankles) with symptomatic @entity4 . Group A included 37 @entity0 (37 ankles) with @entity1 , whereas Group B included 28 @entity0 (30 ankles) with @entity3 . @entity0 were assessed clinically and radiographically at a mean followup of 38 months. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the two study groups in terms of American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scales, range of motion, or radiographic values at final followup (p > 0.05). The incidence of complications (38% in Group A, 27% in Group B) and additional procedures (54% in Group A, 27% in Group B) was significantly higher in Group A (p = 0.014 for complications, p = 0.013 for additional procedures). One ankle was revised in Group A for a @entity2 . CONCLUSION: The clinical and radiographic outcomes of @entity4 for post-traumatic and @entity3 were comparable, although the incidence of complications after @entity4 was higher in the @entity1 group. More preceding or concomitant surgeries were required in order to make the post-traumatic cases suitable for @entity4 .

title: Total ankle arthroplasty outcome comparison for post-traumatic and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Rapid and effective treatment of invasive @entity2 (IFI) in @entity0 with @entity4 is important for survival. In this study, we aimed to describe variations regarding clinical features, treatment modalities, time of restarting chemotherapy, and outcome in @entity0 with IFI and @entity7 ( @entity7 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The charts of all pediatric @entity7 @entity0 in our clinic between the years of 2001 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. All @entity0 received prophylactic @entity6 during the chemotherapy period. RESULTS: IFI was identified in 25 (14%) of 174 @entity7 @entity0 . Most of them were in the consolidation phase of chemotherapy and the @entity0 had severe @entity3 . The median time between @entity4 diagnosis and definition of IFI was 122 days. Twenty-four @entity0 had pulmonary IFI. The most frequent finding on computed tomography was typical parenchymal nodules. The episodes were defined as proven in 4 (16%) @entity0 , probable in 7 (28%) @entity0 , and possible in 14 (56%) @entity0 . The median time for discontinuation of chemotherapy was 27 days. IFI was treated successfully in all @entity0 with @entity10 , @entity5 , @entity9 , or @entity8 alone or in combination. Chemotherapy was restarted in 50% of the @entity0 safely within 4 weeks and none of those @entity0 experienced reactivation of IFI. All of them were given secondary prophylaxis. The median time for antifungal treatment and for secondary prophylaxis was 26 and 90 days, respectively. None of the @entity0 died due to IFI. CONCLUSION: Our data show that rapid and effective antifungal therapy with rational treatment modalities may decrease the incidence of @entity1 and that restarting chemotherapy within several weeks may be safe in @entity0 with @entity7 and IFI.

title: Management of Invasive XXXX in @entity7 and the Appropriate Time for Restarting Chemotherapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Rapid and effective treatment of invasive @entity2 (IFI) in @entity0 with @entity4 is important for survival. In this study, we aimed to describe variations regarding clinical features, treatment modalities, time of restarting chemotherapy, and outcome in @entity0 with IFI and @entity7 ( @entity7 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The charts of all pediatric @entity7 @entity0 in our clinic between the years of 2001 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. All @entity0 received prophylactic @entity6 during the chemotherapy period. RESULTS: IFI was identified in 25 (14%) of 174 @entity7 @entity0 . Most of them were in the consolidation phase of chemotherapy and the @entity0 had severe @entity3 . The median time between @entity4 diagnosis and definition of IFI was 122 days. Twenty-four @entity0 had pulmonary IFI. The most frequent finding on computed tomography was typical parenchymal nodules. The episodes were defined as proven in 4 (16%) @entity0 , probable in 7 (28%) @entity0 , and possible in 14 (56%) @entity0 . The median time for discontinuation of chemotherapy was 27 days. IFI was treated successfully in all @entity0 with @entity10 , @entity5 , @entity9 , or @entity8 alone or in combination. Chemotherapy was restarted in 50% of the @entity0 safely within 4 weeks and none of those @entity0 experienced reactivation of IFI. All of them were given secondary prophylaxis. The median time for antifungal treatment and for secondary prophylaxis was 26 and 90 days, respectively. None of the @entity0 died due to IFI. CONCLUSION: Our data show that rapid and effective antifungal therapy with rational treatment modalities may decrease the incidence of @entity1 and that restarting chemotherapy within several weeks may be safe in @entity0 with @entity7 and IFI.

title: Management of Invasive @entity2 in XXXX and the Appropriate Time for Restarting Chemotherapy.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Our experience with the surgical management of hypoplastic right ventricle with intact ventricular septum has included 20 @entity0 with @entity3 and 3 @entity0 with @entity2 . Group 1 consisted of 7 @entity0 who were treated by transarterial pulmonary valvotomy. Four of them were lost shortly after surgery. Group 2 included 11 neonates and one @entity0 who were treated by systemic-pulmonary shunt with 2 operative @entity1 . Group 3 included 4 @entity0 who underwent primary prosthetic enlargement of the right ventricular outflow tract. Two of the 4 were lost in the early postoperative period. Eight of 13 @entity0 in groups 1 and 2 who survived the initial palliative procedures underwent additional operations to enlarge the right ventricular outflow tract, and 5 @entity0 survived. However, adequate right ventricular and tricuspid valve growth was obtained in only @entity0 in whom the prosthetic enlargement of the right ventricle was performed in early infancy. These findings strongly suggest the necessity to decompress the right ventricle completely, as early as possible. In conclusion, 1) transarterial pulmonary valvotomy seldom provided satisfactory decompression of the right ventricle, and operative risk was high. 2) systemic-pulmonary shunt to re-establish pulmonary blood flow improved neonatal survival, although this procedure may not provide a satisfactory long term palliation. 3) primary or secondary operative enlargement of the right ventricle in early infancy provided decompression of the right ventricle and accelerated substantial right ventricular growth. For @entity0 without an infundibulum or for those in whom attempts to induce tricuspid valve growth had failed, a Fontan type procedure seemed to be the procedure of choice.

title: Surgical management of @entity3 , and XXXX with intact ventricular septum.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Our experience with the surgical management of hypoplastic right ventricle with intact ventricular septum has included 20 @entity0 with @entity3 and 3 @entity0 with @entity2 . Group 1 consisted of 7 @entity0 who were treated by transarterial pulmonary valvotomy. Four of them were lost shortly after surgery. Group 2 included 11 neonates and one @entity0 who were treated by systemic-pulmonary shunt with 2 operative @entity1 . Group 3 included 4 @entity0 who underwent primary prosthetic enlargement of the right ventricular outflow tract. Two of the 4 were lost in the early postoperative period. Eight of 13 @entity0 in groups 1 and 2 who survived the initial palliative procedures underwent additional operations to enlarge the right ventricular outflow tract, and 5 @entity0 survived. However, adequate right ventricular and tricuspid valve growth was obtained in only @entity0 in whom the prosthetic enlargement of the right ventricle was performed in early infancy. These findings strongly suggest the necessity to decompress the right ventricle completely, as early as possible. In conclusion, 1) transarterial pulmonary valvotomy seldom provided satisfactory decompression of the right ventricle, and operative risk was high. 2) systemic-pulmonary shunt to re-establish pulmonary blood flow improved neonatal survival, although this procedure may not provide a satisfactory long term palliation. 3) primary or secondary operative enlargement of the right ventricle in early infancy provided decompression of the right ventricle and accelerated substantial right ventricular growth. For @entity0 without an infundibulum or for those in whom attempts to induce tricuspid valve growth had failed, a Fontan type procedure seemed to be the procedure of choice.

title: Surgical management of XXXX , and @entity2 with intact ventricular septum.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Endothelium of cerebral surface vessels (pial arterioles and venules) was injured with a light/dye technique in anesthetized @entity0 . This induced @entity3 at the site of injury. The onset of aggregation was monitored through a microscope in @entity0 given angiotensin II @entity1 , 4 micrograms i.v. 30 minutes earlier. Aggregation latency was compared with that in vehicle treated (saline) @entity0 . Angiotensin II caused a highly significant delay in aggregation within the arterioles which was not related to a change in shear rate of blood. Angiotensin II added to platelet rich plasma, failed to influence the aggregation produced by subsequent addition of 0.5 microM @entity2 or 0.5 mM @entity4 . @entity5 is a well known stimulator of prostacyclin synthesis or release, and @entity5 has been reported to inhibit @entity3 ex vivo by increasing prostacyclin in the effluent superfusing the mass of aggregating platelets. Our data represent the first report of an antiaggregating effect of angiotensin II in vivo in an intact microvascular bed. The data is consonant with the literature describing increased prostacyclin levels following angiotensin II infusion. The antiaggregating effect of angiotensin in cerebral microvessels may help explain a recent observation describing increased survival of gerbils treated with angiotensin following carotid ligation.

title: Angiotensin delays XXXX after injury of cerebral arterioles.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Somatosensory and auditory evoked cortical potentials (SEP's and AEP's), regional cerebral blood flow, regional brain water content, and alteration of the blood-brain barrier were investigated in 3 cortical areas during permanent and 1- and 2-hour transient @entity1 of the left middle cerebral artery and after restoration of blood flow in @entity2 . During @entity1 , blood flow in the auditory cortex was severely suppressed. In the fore limb projection area of the somatosensory cortex, blood flow was moderately reduced while it was nearly unaffected in the hind limb projection area. Despite different degrees of @entity0 in the 3 cortical areas, all evoked responses were completely abolished within 10 minutes after @entity1 . During @entity1 , the pattern of blood flow reduction persisted, and all evoked potentials stayed abolished. Recirculation after @entity1 restored blood flow rapidly. AEP's recovered poorly after both 1 and 2 hours of @entity0 . SEP's regained normal amplitudes soon after recirculation in the group with 1-hour @entity1 . After 2 hours of @entity0 , the recovery of SEP's was variable but better than that of the AEP's. Remarkable water accumulation was observed in the auditory cortex of all 3 groups and was accompanied in the 2-hour @entity0 group by a disruption of the blood-brain barrier. In the 2-hour group, water accumulation was also found in the subcortical white matter radiation, whereas significant changes in regional water content were not observed in the somatosensory areas. The present study indicates that abolition of SEP's during @entity3 in @entity2 is caused by lesions in the afferent pathway leading to cortical deafferentation rather than by cortical @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Experimental focal XXXX in @entity2 : changes in multimodality evoked potentials as related to local cerebral blood flow and ischemic brain edema.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Somatosensory and auditory evoked cortical potentials (SEP's and AEP's), regional cerebral blood flow, regional brain water content, and alteration of the blood-brain barrier were investigated in 3 cortical areas during permanent and 1- and 2-hour transient @entity1 of the left middle cerebral artery and after restoration of blood flow in @entity2 . During @entity1 , blood flow in the auditory cortex was severely suppressed. In the fore limb projection area of the somatosensory cortex, blood flow was moderately reduced while it was nearly unaffected in the hind limb projection area. Despite different degrees of @entity0 in the 3 cortical areas, all evoked responses were completely abolished within 10 minutes after @entity1 . During @entity1 , the pattern of blood flow reduction persisted, and all evoked potentials stayed abolished. Recirculation after @entity1 restored blood flow rapidly. AEP's recovered poorly after both 1 and 2 hours of @entity0 . SEP's regained normal amplitudes soon after recirculation in the group with 1-hour @entity1 . After 2 hours of @entity0 , the recovery of SEP's was variable but better than that of the AEP's. Remarkable water accumulation was observed in the auditory cortex of all 3 groups and was accompanied in the 2-hour @entity0 group by a disruption of the blood-brain barrier. In the 2-hour group, water accumulation was also found in the subcortical white matter radiation, whereas significant changes in regional water content were not observed in the somatosensory areas. The present study indicates that abolition of SEP's during @entity3 in @entity2 is caused by lesions in the afferent pathway leading to cortical deafferentation rather than by cortical @entity0 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Experimental focal @entity0 in XXXX : changes in multimodality evoked potentials as related to local cerebral blood flow and ischemic brain edema.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is the second most frequently diagnosed @entity1 and the sixth leading cause of @entity1 death in males. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of radiotherapy and other non-pharmacological management options for @entity4 was undertaken. METHODS: A search of thirteen databases was carried out until March 2014. RCTs comparing radiotherapy (brachytherapy (BT) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT)) to other management options i.e. radical prostatectomy (RP), active surveillance, watchful waiting, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), or cryotherapy; each alone or in combination, e.g. with adjuvant @entity2 ( @entity2 ), were included. Methods followed guidance by the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and the Cochrane Collaboration. Indirect comparisons were calculated using the Bucher method. RESULTS: Thirty-six randomised controlled trials (RCTs, 134 references) were included. EBRT, BT and RP were found to be effective in the management of @entity4 . While higher doses of EBRT seem to be related to favourable survival-related outcomes they might, depending on technique, involve more adverse events, e.g. @entity5 . Combining EBRT with @entity2 shows a statistically significant advantage regarding overall survival when compared to EBRT alone (Relative risk 1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.12-1.30). Aside from mixed findings regarding urinary function, BT and radical prostatectomy were comparable in terms of quality of life and biochemical progression-free survival while favouring BT regarding @entity0 satisfaction and sexual function. There might be advantages of EBRT (with/without @entity2 ) compared to cryoablation (with/without @entity2 ). No studies on HIFU were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Based on this systematic review, there is no strong evidence to support one therapy over another as EBRT, BT and RP can all be considered as effective monotherapies for @entity3 with EBRT also effective for post-operative management. All treatments have unique adverse events profiles. Further large, robust RCTs which report treatment-specific and treatment combination-specific outcomes in @entity4 risk groups following established reporting standards are needed. These will strengthen the evidence base for newer technologies, help reinforce current consensus guidelines and establish greater standardisation across practices.

title: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials of radiotherapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Emergency Department Reliance ( @entity6 : total @entity4 [ @entity4 ] visits/total ambulatory [outpatient + @entity4 ] visits) differentiates acute episodic @entity4 users from those who may not have adequate access to outpatient care. OBJECTIVE: This study's aim was to investigate age-related patterns of @entity6 and associated health-care costs in pediatric @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and those transitioning from pediatric to adult care. METHODS: State Medicaid data were used for this study. @entity0 with two or more @entity5 diagnoses and one or more blood transfusion were included. Quarterly rates of @entity4 visits, @entity6 , @entity5 complications associated with @entity4 visits, and @entity4 visits resulting in hospitalization were evaluated. Risk factors associated with high @entity6 and the association between high @entity6 and health-care costs were explored through regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 3208 @entity0 were included. The most common @entity5 complications associated with @entity4 visits were @entity2 , @entity3 , and @entity1 . Beginning at the age of 15 years, @entity6 rose from 0.17 to 0.29 visits per quarter at age 22 years, and remained high throughout adulthood. Regression analyses indicated that @entity0 were most likely to have high @entity6 during the post-transition period and when experiencing an @entity5 complication. @entity0 with high @entity6 incurred statistically significantly higher inpatient and @entity4 costs, resulting in significantly higher total health-care costs. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to @entity0 , @entity0 transitioning to adulthood relied more on the @entity4 for their care. In addition, @entity0 with high @entity6 incurred more days in the hospital and significantly higher health-care costs, highlighting the need to improve transition-related support, including better access to primary care and increased engagement with @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: Age-Related Emergency Department Reliance in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Emergency Department Reliance ( @entity6 : total @entity4 [ @entity4 ] visits/total ambulatory [outpatient + @entity4 ] visits) differentiates acute episodic @entity4 users from those who may not have adequate access to outpatient care. OBJECTIVE: This study's aim was to investigate age-related patterns of @entity6 and associated health-care costs in pediatric @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and those transitioning from pediatric to adult care. METHODS: State Medicaid data were used for this study. @entity0 with two or more @entity5 diagnoses and one or more blood transfusion were included. Quarterly rates of @entity4 visits, @entity6 , @entity5 complications associated with @entity4 visits, and @entity4 visits resulting in hospitalization were evaluated. Risk factors associated with high @entity6 and the association between high @entity6 and health-care costs were explored through regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 3208 @entity0 were included. The most common @entity5 complications associated with @entity4 visits were @entity2 , @entity3 , and @entity1 . Beginning at the age of 15 years, @entity6 rose from 0.17 to 0.29 visits per quarter at age 22 years, and remained high throughout adulthood. Regression analyses indicated that @entity0 were most likely to have high @entity6 during the post-transition period and when experiencing an @entity5 complication. @entity0 with high @entity6 incurred statistically significantly higher inpatient and @entity4 costs, resulting in significantly higher total health-care costs. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to @entity0 , @entity0 transitioning to adulthood relied more on the @entity4 for their care. In addition, @entity0 with high @entity6 incurred more days in the hospital and significantly higher health-care costs, highlighting the need to improve transition-related support, including better access to primary care and increased engagement with @entity0 with @entity5 .

title: Age-Related Emergency Department Reliance in XXXX with @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of @entity2 screening programs based on the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is influenced by program adherence during consecutive screening rounds. We aimed to evaluate the participation rate, yield, and @entity1 in a third round of biennial @entity2 screening using FIT and to compare those with the first and the second screening round. METHODS: A total of 3566 average-risk individuals aged 50-75 years were invited to participate in a third round of biennial FIT-based @entity2 screening. All FIT positives were recommended to undergo colonoscopy. We merged our data with the national @entity1 registry in the Netherlands to identify all non-screen-detected @entity1 in our cohort. RESULTS: Of the invitees, 2142 (60%) returned the FIT in this third screening round, compared to 56% in the second round and 57% in the first round. Overall, 153 of the third-round @entity0 (7.1%) had a positive FIT result, versus 7.9% in the second round and 8.1% in the first round (P=0.05). Of all FIT positives, 123 (80%) underwent colonoscopy. Within this group, 33 @entity0 had advanced @entity1 . The predictive value of FIT positivity for advanced @entity1 was 27% (33/123), compared to 42% in the second round and 54% in the first round - a significant decline (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: In an FIT-based screening program, participation rates remained stable over consecutive biennial screening rounds, while the FIT positivity rate and positive predictive value for advanced @entity1 gradually declined. @entity1 in non- @entity0 are significantly more advanced in staging than @entity1 in @entity0 in the first round of screening.

title: Participation, yield, and interval carcinomas in three rounds of biennial FIT-based XXXX screening.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 are commonly caused by a-hemolysin (HlyA)-producing @entity3 . In erythrocytes, the cytotoxic effect of HlyA is strongly amplified by P2X receptors, which are activated by extracellular ATP released from the cytosol of the erythrocytes. In @entity0 , HlyA causes reversible [Ca(2+)]i oscillations, which trigger interleukin-6 ( @entity4 ) and IL-8 release. We speculate that this effect is caused by HlyA-induced ATP release from the epithelial cells and successive P2 receptor activation. Here, we demonstrate that HlyA-induced [Ca(2+)]i oscillations in @entity0 were completely prevented by scavenging extracellular ATP. In accordance, HlyA was unable to inflict any [Ca(2+)]i oscillations in 132-1N1 cells, which lack P2R completely. After transfecting these cells with the hP2Y2 receptor, HlyA readily triggered [Ca(2+)]i oscillations, which were abolished by P2 receptor antagonists. Moreover, HlyA-induced [Ca(2+)]i oscillations were markedly reduced in medullary thick ascending limbs isolated from @entity6 receptor-deficient @entity1 compared with wild type. Interestingly, the following HlyA-induced @entity4 release was absent in @entity6 receptor-deficient @entity1 . This suggests that HlyA induces ATP release from @entity0 , which via @entity6 receptors is the main mediator of HlyA-induced [Ca(2+)]i oscillations and @entity4 release. This supports the notion that ATP signaling occurs early during @entity5 and is a key player in the further inflammatory response.

title: [Ca2+]i Oscillations and @entity4 Release Induced by a-Hemolysin from XXXX Require P2 Receptor Activation in Renal Epithelia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 are commonly caused by a-hemolysin (HlyA)-producing @entity3 . In erythrocytes, the cytotoxic effect of HlyA is strongly amplified by P2X receptors, which are activated by extracellular ATP released from the cytosol of the erythrocytes. In @entity0 , HlyA causes reversible [Ca(2+)]i oscillations, which trigger interleukin-6 ( @entity4 ) and IL-8 release. We speculate that this effect is caused by HlyA-induced ATP release from the epithelial cells and successive P2 receptor activation. Here, we demonstrate that HlyA-induced [Ca(2+)]i oscillations in @entity0 were completely prevented by scavenging extracellular ATP. In accordance, HlyA was unable to inflict any [Ca(2+)]i oscillations in 132-1N1 cells, which lack P2R completely. After transfecting these cells with the hP2Y2 receptor, HlyA readily triggered [Ca(2+)]i oscillations, which were abolished by P2 receptor antagonists. Moreover, HlyA-induced [Ca(2+)]i oscillations were markedly reduced in medullary thick ascending limbs isolated from @entity6 receptor-deficient @entity1 compared with wild type. Interestingly, the following HlyA-induced @entity4 release was absent in @entity6 receptor-deficient @entity1 . This suggests that HlyA induces ATP release from @entity0 , which via @entity6 receptors is the main mediator of HlyA-induced [Ca(2+)]i oscillations and @entity4 release. This supports the notion that ATP signaling occurs early during @entity5 and is a key player in the further inflammatory response.

title: [Ca2+]i Oscillations and XXXX Release Induced by a-Hemolysin from @entity3 Require P2 Receptor Activation in Renal Epithelia.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In our previous study, we found that @entity4 ( @entity4 ) gene genetic polymorphisms may play a major role in the efficacy of glucocorticoids (GCs) in Chinese @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . The aim of this study is to explore the association of @entity4 gene genetic polymorphisms and improvement of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Chinese @entity2 @entity0 treated with GCs. A total of 195 Chinese @entity2 @entity0 were treated with GCs for 12  weeks. The HRQOL of @entity0 was measured with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) at baseline and 12  weeks. Polymorphisms of @entity4 gene were genotyped by using multiplex SNaPshot method. One hundred eighty-four @entity0 (94.36  %) completed the 12-week follow-up. Twenty-three single- @entity3 polymorphisms of @entity4 gene were genotyped. There was a significant association between @entity6 polymorphism and improvement in physical function (P   =   0.043), general health (P   =   0.024), and social function (P   =   0.013). The @entity7 polymorphism was associated with improvement in the total score of SF-36 (P   =   0.014), physical function (P   =   0.013), general health (P   =   0.010), vitality (P   =   0.015), social function (P   =   0.004), physical component summary (P   =   0.016), and mental component summary (P   =   0.014). The @entity5 polymorphism was associated with improvement in bodily @entity1 (P   =   0.040) and general health (P   =   0.038). The @entity8 polymorphism was associated with improvement in general health (P   =   0.026) and vitality (P   =   0.027). The @entity9 polymorphism was associated with improvement in bodily @entity1 (P   =   0.034). The @entity10 polymorphism was associated with improvement in vitality (P   =   0.002) and mental component summary (P   =   0.041). We also found a significant association between @entity11 polymorphism and improvement in physical function (P   =   0.040), bodily @entity1 (P   =   0.007), and general health (P   =   0.019). These results indicate that there may be an association of @entity4 gene @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity10 , and @entity11 polymorphisms with improvement of HRQOL in Chinese @entity2 @entity0 treated with GCs.

title: @entity4 genetic polymorphisms is associated with improvement of health-related quality of life in Chinese population with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In our previous study, we found that @entity4 ( @entity4 ) gene genetic polymorphisms may play a major role in the efficacy of glucocorticoids (GCs) in Chinese @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . The aim of this study is to explore the association of @entity4 gene genetic polymorphisms and improvement of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Chinese @entity2 @entity0 treated with GCs. A total of 195 Chinese @entity2 @entity0 were treated with GCs for 12  weeks. The HRQOL of @entity0 was measured with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) at baseline and 12  weeks. Polymorphisms of @entity4 gene were genotyped by using multiplex SNaPshot method. One hundred eighty-four @entity0 (94.36  %) completed the 12-week follow-up. Twenty-three single- @entity3 polymorphisms of @entity4 gene were genotyped. There was a significant association between @entity6 polymorphism and improvement in physical function (P   =   0.043), general health (P   =   0.024), and social function (P   =   0.013). The @entity7 polymorphism was associated with improvement in the total score of SF-36 (P   =   0.014), physical function (P   =   0.013), general health (P   =   0.010), vitality (P   =   0.015), social function (P   =   0.004), physical component summary (P   =   0.016), and mental component summary (P   =   0.014). The @entity5 polymorphism was associated with improvement in bodily @entity1 (P   =   0.040) and general health (P   =   0.038). The @entity8 polymorphism was associated with improvement in general health (P   =   0.026) and vitality (P   =   0.027). The @entity9 polymorphism was associated with improvement in bodily @entity1 (P   =   0.034). The @entity10 polymorphism was associated with improvement in vitality (P   =   0.002) and mental component summary (P   =   0.041). We also found a significant association between @entity11 polymorphism and improvement in physical function (P   =   0.040), bodily @entity1 (P   =   0.007), and general health (P   =   0.019). These results indicate that there may be an association of @entity4 gene @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity10 , and @entity11 polymorphisms with improvement of HRQOL in Chinese @entity2 @entity0 treated with GCs.

title: XXXX genetic polymorphisms is associated with improvement of health-related quality of life in Chinese population with @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) can cause serious damage to the reproductive tract of egg-laying hens, leading to severe egg-drop and poor egg shell quality. However, previous studies in relation to the @entity2 resulted from this agent have not clearly been elucidated. In this study, apoptosis and pathologic changes in the oviducts of egg-laying hens caused by H9N2 AIV were evaluated. To understand the immune response in the pathogenic processes, 30-week old specific pathogen free (SPF) egg-laying hens inoculated with H9N2 subtype of AIV through combined intra-ocular and intra-nasal routes. @entity3 resulted in @entity0 , triggered apoptosis and expression of immune related genes accompanied with infiltration of @entity6 (+) @entity7 (+) and @entity6 (+) @entity13 (+) cells. Significant @entity5 and apoptosis were observed in the five oviductal parts (infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus and vagina) at 5 days post-inoculation (dpi). Furthermore, immune-related genes, including @entity4 @entity11 (7, 21), @entity14 , @entity10 , @entity9 , CXCLi1, @entity8 , @entity15 , @entity16 and @entity17 showed variation in the egg-laying hens infected with H9N2 AIV. Notably, mRNA expression of @entity12 was suppressed during the @entity1 . These results show distinct expression patterns of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines amongst segments of the oviduct. Differential gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and lymphocytes aggregation occurring in oviducts may initiate the infected tissue in response to virus replication which may eventually lead to excessive cellular apoptosis and @entity5 .

title: Apoptosis induction and release of inflammatory cytokines in the oviduct of egg-laying hens experimentally infected with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: This study investigated the differences between allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) @entity0 receiving HSC from human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical donors (HID) and other donors that included HLA-matched sibling, matched unrelated, and unrelated umbilical cord blood donors in the 6 weeks after HSCT with respect to quality of life (QOL), @entity1 , and physical function. METHODS: The study included 126 @entity0 (HID group, n  =  100; other donor group, n  =  26) who underwent allo-HSCT between July 2007 and December 2012. @entity0 were evaluated for health-related QOL using the Medical Outcome Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey. Psychological status was measured by Hospital Anxiety and @entity2 Scale. Physical function was assessed using tests for handgrip strength, knee extensor strength, and the 6-min walk test. RESULTS: After HSCT, the HID group showed significantly greater improvements in the general health subscale and Mental Component Summary (MCS) of QOL than the other donor group (P  <  0.01). Multivariate analysis confirmed that complete remission and age were associated with changes in the general health subscale before and after HSCT (P  <  0.05). With regard to physical function, the HID group showed significantly more decline than the other donor group with respect to handgrip strength and knee extensor muscle strength after HSCT (P  <  0.05). Total corticosteroid dose was associated with decreased handgrip strength before and after HSCT (P  <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The donor type affects QOL, @entity1 , and physical function in allo-HSCT recipients; these findings may provide insights for customised rehabilitation strategies for HSCT recipients.

title: Early-phase differences in health-related quality of life, XXXX , and physical function between human leucocyte antigen-haploidentical and other allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of circoviruses in wild bird populations, in Poland. Circoviruses possess immuno-suppressive properties and might interfere with the health of wild birds. METHOD: 83 birds, which belonged to 23 species, were tested with broad-range, nested PCR. The obtained PCR products were sequenced and new primers designed, to analyse the full-length, viral genome. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted, to find any relationship to known circoviruses. RESULTS: The circovirus DNA sequence was found in 4 birds. All samples originated from the velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca) a marine @entity1 from the Merginae sub-family. Birds which tested positive for the circovirus were found dead in fishing nets, off the Baltic coast. During post-mortem examination, carcasses of two of the scoters showed only light emaciation, while the two other birds appeared healthy. The obtained, full-length, circovirus sequence revealed 1,988 @entity0 and the presence of typical features (i.e. Cap, Rep and @entity3 ). @entity2 similarity to other @entity1 circoviruses was 84 to 86 %. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genome and cap gene, indicated that the new circovirus is related to known @entity1 circoviruses, especially to sub-types sometimes referred to as @entity4 genotype 1, but not genotype 2. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we have reported a new @entity4 sequence detected in the velvet scoter, a species of marine @entity1 . Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis of the new virus sequence support previous reports that @entity4 (DuCV) is a species with a high degree of diversity. The viral sequence obtained from the velvet scoter suggests that DuCV may infect birds from the Anatinae sub-family. More studies are needed to prove if the velvet scoter and other marine @entity1 act as a reservoir for DuCV.

title: A new XXXX sequence, detected in velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca) supports great diversity among this species of virus.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In @entity0 with @entity3 caused by a large @entity8 , the cardiopulmonary performance capacity (CPC) depends on the relation of @entity4 . Changes in this relation occurring on exercise are mainly due to an exercise - induced fall of the systemic vascular resistance. If the ratio of pulmonary to systemic resistance is below 1 at maximal exercise, the CPC is reduced as a result of the @entity7 . In case of a pulmonary to systemic resistance ratio of higher than 1 at maximal exercise @entity6 will be a limiting factor. Only in cases of a moderate degree of pulmonary vascular changes, resulting in a relation of resistances at maximal exercise in the range of 1, will the CPC be normal. @entity0 with @entity3 always present with reduced CPC as a main symptom. Cardiac output cannot be adequately increased during exercise. Only by excessive peripheral @entity1 desaturation can a certain adaptation to the @entity1 demand of the exercising organism be possible to a certain degree, though only at low work rates. Uneven perfusion and the corresponding ventilation-perfusion inequality are only moderate. However, due to the widened arterial-venous @entity1 difference, ventilation-perfusion inequality with its distinct alveolar-arterial @entity1 pressure difference can result in a considerable degree of venous admixture. In adolescents, @entity3 caused by @entity9 is seen almost only in @entity0 with advanced stages of cystic @entity2 . It is then combined with increased venous admixture, and often with @entity5 -retention.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Sports fitness in XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2005, the UK Department of Health recommended that a new role, the @entity3 care coordinator (ACC), be created to guide @entity0 through the diagnosis and treatment for @entity3 . The belief was that this would improve the efficiency of care and improve their quality of life. The British Heart Foundation provided funding for 32 such posts, all of which were filled by @entity3 specialist nurses, and commissioned an evaluation of the new service to assess its impact on @entity0 . AIMS: This paper focuses on the impact of the ACCs on their @entity0 ' levels of @entity1 and @entity2 , hospital readmissions and costs to the National Health Service (NHS). METHODS: From 2008 to 2010, using questionnaires, we conducted a longitudinal audit of the psychological status of the @entity0 referred to the ACCs; we also assessed the ACCs' impact on readmissions and cost benefits to the NHS using UK Hospital Episode Statistics. RESULTS: We found high levels of @entity1 and @entity2 amongst @entity0 . Nearly one-third were at the 'borderline' or 'clinically anxious' and 18% were at the 'borderline' or 'clinically depressed' level at their first assessment with small changes at follow-up. In @entity3 specialist nurse sites, readmission rates were reduced by half. After deducting the cost of the ACCs and their support, the estimated annual saving was   29,357 per ACC. CONCLUSION: This evaluation has shown that the NHS saves   29,357 per year over and above the costs of employing a British Heart Foundation ACC and that all @entity3 centres should be encouraged to employ an appropriate number of such specialists.

title: @entity3 care co-ordinators: Their impact on @entity1 and XXXX , readmissions and health service costs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2005, the UK Department of Health recommended that a new role, the @entity3 care coordinator (ACC), be created to guide @entity0 through the diagnosis and treatment for @entity3 . The belief was that this would improve the efficiency of care and improve their quality of life. The British Heart Foundation provided funding for 32 such posts, all of which were filled by @entity3 specialist nurses, and commissioned an evaluation of the new service to assess its impact on @entity0 . AIMS: This paper focuses on the impact of the ACCs on their @entity0 ' levels of @entity1 and @entity2 , hospital readmissions and costs to the National Health Service (NHS). METHODS: From 2008 to 2010, using questionnaires, we conducted a longitudinal audit of the psychological status of the @entity0 referred to the ACCs; we also assessed the ACCs' impact on readmissions and cost benefits to the NHS using UK Hospital Episode Statistics. RESULTS: We found high levels of @entity1 and @entity2 amongst @entity0 . Nearly one-third were at the 'borderline' or 'clinically anxious' and 18% were at the 'borderline' or 'clinically depressed' level at their first assessment with small changes at follow-up. In @entity3 specialist nurse sites, readmission rates were reduced by half. After deducting the cost of the ACCs and their support, the estimated annual saving was   29,357 per ACC. CONCLUSION: This evaluation has shown that the NHS saves   29,357 per year over and above the costs of employing a British Heart Foundation ACC and that all @entity3 centres should be encouraged to employ an appropriate number of such specialists.

title: @entity3 care co-ordinators: Their impact on XXXX and @entity2 , readmissions and health service costs.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2005, the UK Department of Health recommended that a new role, the @entity3 care coordinator (ACC), be created to guide @entity0 through the diagnosis and treatment for @entity3 . The belief was that this would improve the efficiency of care and improve their quality of life. The British Heart Foundation provided funding for 32 such posts, all of which were filled by @entity3 specialist nurses, and commissioned an evaluation of the new service to assess its impact on @entity0 . AIMS: This paper focuses on the impact of the ACCs on their @entity0 ' levels of @entity1 and @entity2 , hospital readmissions and costs to the National Health Service (NHS). METHODS: From 2008 to 2010, using questionnaires, we conducted a longitudinal audit of the psychological status of the @entity0 referred to the ACCs; we also assessed the ACCs' impact on readmissions and cost benefits to the NHS using UK Hospital Episode Statistics. RESULTS: We found high levels of @entity1 and @entity2 amongst @entity0 . Nearly one-third were at the 'borderline' or 'clinically anxious' and 18% were at the 'borderline' or 'clinically depressed' level at their first assessment with small changes at follow-up. In @entity3 specialist nurse sites, readmission rates were reduced by half. After deducting the cost of the ACCs and their support, the estimated annual saving was   29,357 per ACC. CONCLUSION: This evaluation has shown that the NHS saves   29,357 per year over and above the costs of employing a British Heart Foundation ACC and that all @entity3 centres should be encouraged to employ an appropriate number of such specialists.

title: XXXX care co-ordinators: Their impact on @entity1 and @entity2 , readmissions and health service costs.

answer: @entity3


abstract: To study the effects of antithrombotic therapy in experimental @entity0 , we have characterized a @entity8 model of @entity3 . In this model an inflatable silastic balloon cuff has been implanted by transorbital approach around the right middle cerebral artery (MCA), proximal to the take-off of the lenticulostriate arteries (LSA). Inflation of the balloon for 3 hours in six animals produced a stereotypic @entity0 characterized by @entity5 . An @entity4 volume of 3.2 +/- 1.5 cm3 in the ipsilateral corpus striatum was documented by computerized tomographic (CT) scanning at 10 days following @entity0 induction and 3.9 +/- 1.9 cm3 (n = 4) at 14 days by morphometric neuropathologic determinations of brain specimens fixed in situ by pressure-perfusion with 10% buffered @entity1 . Immediate pressure-perfusion fixation following deflation of the balloon was performed in 16 additional animals given Evans blue dye intravenously prior to the 3 hour @entity7 . Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy consistently confirmed the presence of @entity3 material occluding microcirculatory branches of the right LSA in the region of Evans blue stain, but not those of the contralateral corpus striatum. When autologous 111In-platelets were infused intravenously in four animals from the above group prior to the transient 3 hour occlusion of the right MCA, gamma scintillation camera imaging of each perfused-fixed whole brain demonstrated the presence of a single residual focus of 111In-platelet activity involving only the Evans blue-stained right corpus striatum. Focal right hemispheric activity was equivalent to 0.55 +/- 0.49 ml of whole blood, and the occlusion score derived from histologic examination of the microcirculation of the Evans blue-stained corpus striatum averaged 34.8 +/- 2.8. Similar 111In-platelet imaging and histologic scoring experiments carried out in four animals pretreated with the antithrombotic combination heparin and @entity6 showed marked reduction of both 111In-platelet activity (0.01 +/- 0.03 ml vs. 0.55 +/- 0.49 ml; p less than 0.01) and @entity3 occlusion of the microcirculation (10.8 +/- 7.4 units vs. 34.8 +/- 2.8 units; p less than 0.01) in the right corpus striatum following 3 hours of @entity7 . In separate control experiments 111In-labeled autologous platelets were infused after the 3 hour period of @entity7 and @entity2 in two animals; no focus of 111In-platelet activity was demonstrated in fixed whole brain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Experimental acute XXXX in baboons.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of Nintendo Wii compared with no intervention or other exercise interventions in the rehabilitation of adults with @entity1 . DATA SOURCES: Seven electronic databases were systematically searched to source for full-text studies published in peer-reviewed journals up to July 2014. Hand searches of reference lists were performed. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing Wii with no intervention or other exercise interventions, in @entity0 with @entity1 , were selected. DATA EXTRACTION: Methodological quality was assessed by 2 independent reviewers. Data pertaining to @entity0 , interventions, outcomes, and clinical effectiveness were independently extracted by 2 reviewers using a standardized form and compared for accuracy. We calculated mean or standardized mean differences for analysis of continuous variables. Risk ratios were derived and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated. DATA SYNTHESIS: Six studies were included. Three trials (64 @entity0 ) compared Wii and conventional rehabilitation versus conventional rehabilitation alone. Three trials (102 @entity0 ) compared Wii with other exercise interventions. The addition of Wii to conventional rehabilitation resulted in significant mean differences in favor of additional Wii compared with standard care for Timed Up and Go test (TUG) (0.81 points, CI 0.29-1.33, P  = .002), but not for other mobility and functional outcomes: Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score (0.45, CI  -0.21-1.11, P  = .18), Berg Balance Score (-0.64, CI  -3.66-2.39, P  = .68), anteroposterior postural sway (0.23, CI  -0.38-0.84, P  = .46). No serious adverse events were reported, and when Wii was compared with exercise alone, we demonstrated a decreased risk of @entity0 dropping out of follow-up (RR 0.40, CI 0.20-0.78, P  = .007). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of Wii gaming to conventional rehabilitation in @entity0 with @entity1 significantly improved performance in TUG and not in the other physical measures. The pooled effect was small and not beyond the minimal detectable change. However, Wii can be used safely in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity0 were less likely to drop out in the Wii group. This review highlights the need for further high-quality studies to demonstrate the efficacy of Wii in @entity1 rehabilitation.

title: Is Nintendo Wii an Effective Intervention for Individuals With  XXXX ? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity4 has been considered the best model for renal surgery. However, recent research has demonstrated that the kidney of @entity4 heals differently from that of @entity0 . The objective of this study was to evaluate @entity1 as an alternative animal model for studying collecting system healing after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The caudal pole of the left kidney was removed from eight female adult @entity1 using laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Monopolar energy was used for hemostasis only in the parenchyma, avoiding coagulation near the collecting system, which was left opened. After 14  d, all animals were euthanized, and their left kidney was removed. Serum levels of @entity3 and @entity2 were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively (on days 2, 6, 10, and 14), and peritoneal fluid samples were collected during necropsy for @entity3 and @entity2 evaluation. An ex  vivo retrograde pyelogram was performed, and a retrograde injection of @entity5 ink was administered to evaluate urinary leakage. Samples from the operated pole were analyzed using histologic methods. RESULTS: During necropsy, an @entity6 surrounding the operated kidney was observed in one animal. Peritoneal fluid levels of @entity3 and @entity2 were elevated. Retrograde pyelograms exhibited contrast-medium extravasation through the operated pole in all kidneys. The opened collecting system was also confirmed by @entity5 ink injection. The operated pole was covered by collagenous tissue and adhered to adjacent organs. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 should be considered as an adequate experimental model for research on collecting system healing after partial nephrectomy.

title: The XXXX as a model for healing studies after partial nephrectomy.

answer: @entity1