abstract: Knowledge of the regulation of food intake is crucial to an understanding of body weight and @entity1 . Strictly speaking, we should refer to the control of food intake whose expression is modulated in the interests of the regulation of body weight. Food intake is controlled, body weight is regulated. However, this semantic distinction only serves to emphasize the importance of food intake. Traditionally food intake has been researched within the homeostatic approach to physiological systems pioneered by Claude Bernard, Walter Cannon and others; and because feeding is a form of behaviour, it forms part of what Curt Richter referred to as the behavioural regulation of body weight (or behavioural homeostasis). This approach views food intake as the vehicle for energy supply whose expression is modulated by a metabolic drive generated in response to a requirement for energy. The idea was that eating behaviour is stimulated and inhibited by internal signalling systems (for the drive and suppression of eating respectively) in order to regulate the internal environment (energy stores, tissue needs). Although there has always been a field of research dedicated to the study of food intake stimulated by the external environment, the rise of @entity1 in the last 20 years has accelerated thinking about this issue. The term    obesigenic environment    has entered into scientific discourse and implies that the potency of the external environment is in large part responsible for the increases in food intake that is one of the causal agencies underlying the epidemic of @entity1 . This approach has revitalized interest in the sensory and external stimulation of food intake and has drawn attention to the hedonic dimension of appetite. There is now a very strong current of thought that a major cause of an increase in food intake associated with the rise of @entity1 resides in the hedonic rather than the homeostatic system. This does not mean that the so-called    energy homeostasis system    is no longer important. Since the middle 1990s there have been impressive advances in the molecular infrastructure of the brain   s homeostatic networks which have given some precision to knowledge of how regulatory processes operate. At the same time the use of neural pathway studies in animals, and neurobiological procedures     including fMRI scanning     in @entity0 , have refined understanding of the brain   s hedonic networks. Interestingly there is evidence of cross-talk between the neurochemical substrates of the two systems. This is an exciting concept which offers the possibility of some re-unification of the dualism underlying homeostatic and hedonic processing of information. It is against this scientific landscape that the control (regulation) of food intake in @entity0 can now be addressed.

title: The Regulation of Food Intake in XXXX

answer: @entity0


abstract: During the past 3-4 decades there has been a major expansion of our knowledge regarding @entity1 associated with pregnancy    @entity1 are common. The prevalence of @entity3 is around 5 per 1000 and @entity2 about 3     10 per 1000 in @entity0 . As the conditions are generally much more common in the female it is to be expected that they will appear during pregnancy. Developments in our understanding of thyroid physiology (1,2) and immunology (3) in pregnancy as well as improvements in thyroid function testing (4) have highlighted the importance of recognizing and providing appropriate therapy to @entity0 with @entity1 (5). There has been much discussion and many publications on the optimal management of pregnant @entity0 who are hyper or @entity2 . In addition. the impact of @entity4 deficiency on the mother and developing fetus, the adverse effects of @entity2 on mental development in their offspring, the clinical importance of @entity5 have all been intensively investigated. and reviewed (6-8,8a). The field has advanced rapidly so that the evidence based guidelines on thyroid and pregnancy published in 2007 (9) are now being replaced with 2 further updated documents ; one from The American Thyroid Association and the other from The American Endocrine society, both with continuing international representation. (10,11)

title: Thyroid Regulation and Dysfunction in the Pregnant XXXX

answer: @entity0


abstract: In arterioles, a locally initiated diameter change can propagate rapidly along the vessel length (arteriolar conducted response), thus contributing to arteriolar hemodynamic resistance. The response is underpinned by electrical coupling along the arteriolar endothelial layer. Connexins (Cx; constituents of gap junctions) are required for this coupling. This review addresses the effect of @entity1 ( @entity3 ) on arteriolar conduction and interendothelial electrical coupling. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; an initiating factor in @entity3 ) and polymicrobial @entity3 (24 h model) attenuate conducted vasoconstriction in @entity0 . In cultured microvascular endothelial cells harvested from @entity2 and @entity0 skeletal muscle, LPS reduces both conducted hyperpolarization-depolarization along capillary-like structures and electrical coupling along confluent cell monolayers. LPS also @entity5 -phosphorylates @entity8 and @entity4 -dephosphorylates @entity7 . Since LPS-reduced coupling is @entity7 - but not @entity8 -dependent, only @entity7 dephosphorylation may be consequential. @entity6 (NO) overproduction is critical in advanced @entity3 , since the removal of this overproduction prevents the attenuated conduction. Consistently, (i) exogenous NO in cultured cells reduces coupling in a @entity9 -dependent manner, and (ii) the septic microvasculature in vivo shows no @entity7 phenotype. A complex role emerges for endothelial connexins in @entity3 . Initially, LPS may reduce interendothelial coupling and arteriolar conduction by targeting @entity7 , whereas NO overproduction in advanced @entity3 reduces coupling and conduction by targeting @entity9 instead.

title: Role of connexins in microvascular dysfunction during XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 can be defined as a serum @entity0 greater than 2 standard deviations above the normal mean in a reference laboratory. @entity0 in the blood is normally transported partly bound to plasma proteins (about 45%) notably albumin, partly bound to small anions such as @entity4 and @entity3 (about 10%) and partly in the free or ionized state (about 45%) (1). Although only the ionized @entity0 is metabolically active, ie. subject to transport into cells and capable of activating cellular processes, most laboratories report total serum @entity0 concentrations. Concentrations of total @entity0 in normal serum generally range between 8.5 and 10.6 mg/dL (2.12 to 2.65 mM) and levels above this are considered to be consistent with @entity2 . Nevertheless, reference ranges may vary between laboratories.The normal range of ionized @entity0 is generally 4.65-5.30 mg/dL (1.16-1.31 mM), but again values may vary slightly between laboratories. When protein concentrations, and especially albumin concentrations, fluctuate substantially, total @entity0 levels may vary, whereas the ionized @entity0 may remain relatively stable. Thus dehydration or hemoconcentration during venipuncture may elevate serum albumin and a falsely elevated total serum @entity0 may be reported. Such elevations in total @entity0 , when albumin levels are increased, can be "corrected" by subtracting 0.8 mg/dL from the total @entity0 for every 1.0 g/dL by which the serum albumin concentration is >4 g/dL. Conversely when albumin levels are low, total @entity0 can be corrected by adding 0.8 mg/dL for every 1.0 g/dL by which the albumin is <4 g/dL. Thus, to correct for an abnormally high or low serum albumin the following formula can be used: Corrected @entity0 (mg/dL) = measured total serum @entity0 (mg/dL) + [4.0- serum albumin (g/dL) X 0.8] or Corrected @entity0 (mM) = measured total @entity6 (mM) + [40 - serum albumin (g/L)] X 0.02. Even in the presence of a normal serum albumin, changes in blood pH can alter the equilibrium constant of the albumin- @entity6 complex, with @entity1 reducing the binding and @entity5 enhancing it. Consequently when major shifts in serum protein or pH are present it is most prudent to directly measure the ionized @entity0 level in order to determine the presence of @entity2 .

title: Approach to XXXX

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Termination of pregnancy-induced abortion is inevitable in family planning as the final solution in resolving unwanted pregnancies. It can be the cause of major physical and phychological consequences on @entity0 's health. Diverse opinions on psychological consequences of induced abortion can be found in literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective study was performed in order to predict @entity2 ( @entity2 ) after the induced abortion and the possibility of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Seven days after the induced abortion, 40 @entity0 had to fill in: (1) a special questionnaire made for this investigation, with questions linked to some risk factors inducing stress, (2) Likert's emotional scale and 3. Bryant's @entity2 scale. RESULTS: After an induced abortion 52.5% @entity0 had @entity2 and 32.5% @entity0 had @entity1 . @entity0 with @entity2 after the abortion developed more sense of guilt, irritability, shame, self-judgement, fear from God and self-hatred. They were less educated, had lower income, they were more religious, did not approve of abortion and had worse relationship with their partners after the abortion in comparison to @entity0 without @entity2 . Age, number of previous abortions and decision to abort did not differ between the two groups. DISCUSSION: and conclusion Induced abortion represents a predisposing factor for @entity2 and @entity1 in @entity0 . Some psycho-social factors contribute to the development of stress after abortion. Serbia has a task to reduce the number of abortions which is very high, in order, to preserve reproductive and phychological health of @entity0 .

title: [Investigation of risk factors for XXXX following induced abortion].

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a method of choice for surgical treatment of diseases of gallbladder. Although most surgeons today use laparoscopic cholecystectomy in treatment of severe acute @entity2 , most surgeons still consider acute @entity2 a relevant contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy because of "confused" anatomy and "severe" pathology. Aim of the study was to analyze laparoscopic cholecystectomy outcomes in treatment of acute @entity2 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective analysis included 78 @entity0 operated for acute calculose @entity2 from Jan 2007 to Dec 2008. We analyzed clinical characteristics of the course of disease, associated diseases, duration of operation, operative and @entity1 , reasons for conversion into open cholecystectomy. RESULTS: The study indicated a low percentage of operative and @entity1 , short stay in hospital, quick recovery and saving in treatment. The length of preoperative and postoperative hospitalization was 1.4 +/- 0.5 days and 2.5 +/- 1.6 days, respectively. 25 (32%) @entity0 were operated within 72 hours from the onset of symptoms,some operative difficulties were present in 56 (71%) @entity0 , light identification of artery and ductus cysticus in 30 (38.50%) @entity0 , intraoperative lesion of ductus choledohus in 1 (1.3%); in 6 (7.7%) @entity0 conversion into open cholecystectomy was done, the average duration of laparascopic cholecystectomy was 58.1 +/- 26.2 min. There were no lethal outcomes. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is an efficient and reliable operative procedure in treatment of acute @entity2 . It is much easier to select @entity0 for laparoscopic cholecystectomy when preoperative risk factors predicting difficulties during the operation are known. An early conversion into open cholecystectomy is a rational choice of any surgeon when anatomy is not clear and in cases of advanced inflammatory process in order to decrease operative and postoperative morbidity.

title: [Laparoscopic cholecystectomy of acute XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 from Astragalus complanatus R.Br (FAC) had anticancer effects on many @entity3 cells. The current study was performed to evaluate the effects of FAC on @entity1 breast cell proliferation, apoptosis, and @entity2 , as well as their active mechanism. Cell viability and growth were detected using the cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay in vitro. Assay of FAC on induced @entity0 mortality was counted as survival time of @entity4 after breast cell line inoculation. The effect of FAC on cell invasion was investigated by an optimization assay that contains a 96-well Boyden chamber with wells precoated with BME at three different concentrations. The mechanism of its action on apoptosis and @entity2 was determined by related gene detection. Proliferation of three breast cell lines was inhibited with FAC treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Survival time of @entity4 with @entity0 cell inoculation also was prolonged with increasing FAC dose. @entity2 in FAC-treated breast cells was also significantly inhibited. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay demonstrated that apoptosis-related @entity5 and @entity7 gene expression was consistent with their phenotype change. @entity2 -related @entity8 and @entity9 gene expression was inversely related to FAC treatment. Western blot analysis indicated that @entity5 and @entity8 proteins were reduced, whereas @entity7 and @entity9 proteins were increased with a higher dose of FAC treatment. These data suggested that FAC has an important role in @entity0 growth and @entity2 suppression in vitro and in vivo. Its active mechanism involves promoting programmed @entity3 cell death and regulates @entity2 -related gene expression.

title: Effects and mechanism of XXXX from Astragalus complanatus on @entity0 growth.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 from Astragalus complanatus R.Br (FAC) had anticancer effects on many @entity3 cells. The current study was performed to evaluate the effects of FAC on @entity1 breast cell proliferation, apoptosis, and @entity2 , as well as their active mechanism. Cell viability and growth were detected using the cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay in vitro. Assay of FAC on induced @entity0 mortality was counted as survival time of @entity4 after breast cell line inoculation. The effect of FAC on cell invasion was investigated by an optimization assay that contains a 96-well Boyden chamber with wells precoated with BME at three different concentrations. The mechanism of its action on apoptosis and @entity2 was determined by related gene detection. Proliferation of three breast cell lines was inhibited with FAC treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Survival time of @entity4 with @entity0 cell inoculation also was prolonged with increasing FAC dose. @entity2 in FAC-treated breast cells was also significantly inhibited. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay demonstrated that apoptosis-related @entity5 and @entity7 gene expression was consistent with their phenotype change. @entity2 -related @entity8 and @entity9 gene expression was inversely related to FAC treatment. Western blot analysis indicated that @entity5 and @entity8 proteins were reduced, whereas @entity7 and @entity9 proteins were increased with a higher dose of FAC treatment. These data suggested that FAC has an important role in @entity0 growth and @entity2 suppression in vitro and in vivo. Its active mechanism involves promoting programmed @entity3 cell death and regulates @entity2 -related gene expression.

title: Effects and mechanism of @entity6 from Astragalus complanatus on XXXX growth.

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: Following the 2009 pandemic, reports of an association between an AS03 adjuvanted H1N1 pandemic @entity1 vaccine and @entity2 were published. Besides determining background incidence rates for @entity2 in Germany this study aimed at investigating whether there was a change in incidence rates of @entity2 between the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and the post-pandemic period on the population level. DESIGN: Retrospective epidemiological study on the incidence of @entity2 with additional capture-recapture analysis. SETTING: German sleep centers. @entity0 OR @entity0 : Eligible were @entity0 with an initial diagnosis of @entity2 (ICD10 Code G47.4) within the period from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011. INTERVENTIONS: None; observational study. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: A total of 342 sleep centers were invited to participate in the study. Adequate and suitable data were provided by 233 sleep centers (68.1%). A total of 1,198 @entity0 with an initial diagnosis of @entity2 within the observed period were included, of whom 106 (8.8%) were @entity0 and adolescents under the age of 18 years and 1,092 (91.2%) were adults. In @entity0 and adolescents, the age-standardized adjusted incidence rate significantly increased from 0.14/100,000 @entity0 -years in the pre-pandemic period to 0.50/100,000 @entity0 -years in the post-pandemic period (incidence density ratio, IDR 3.57; 95% CI 1.94-7.00). In adults, no significant change was detectable. This increase started in spring 2009. CONCLUSIONS: For the years 2007-2011, valid estimates for the incidence of @entity2 in Germany were provided. In individuals under 18, the incidence rates continuously increased from spring 2009.

title: Incidence of XXXX in Germany.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Spontaneous @entity8 is extremely rare. Although a majority of these cases have been associated with pregnancy, there have been recent reports and reviews of rare cases that were not directly associated with pregnancy. Transcatheter @entity5 is considered to be an alternative therapy to surgery. CASE PRESENTATION: A 44-year-old Japanese @entity0 , gravida 3 para 3, presented to our emergency room complaining of intermittent right flank @entity1 . She had undergone a cesarean section 2 years previously, and had no history of @entity6 . On admission, her blood pressure was 115/78 mmHg, pulse 70 beats per minute, and hemoglobin concentration 9.8 g/dL. Abdominal ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography revealed a large retroperitoneal @entity4 . Findings on three-dimensional computed tomography angiography suggested @entity7 of @entity8 . A selective right ovarian artery angiogram revealed a tortuous @entity2 . Transcatheter @entity5 using @entity9 was performed. The @entity2 was successfully embolized, and her course after embolization was uneventful. She has remained symptom-free during 3 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This was a very rare case of a @entity0 who had a @entity3 originating from an @entity8 . A review of published case reports found that contrast-enhanced computed tomography with reconstruction images is an excellent imaging tool. Diagnostic angiography and subsequent transcatheter @entity5 are thought to be very effective for this condition.

title: XXXX caused by @entity8 : a case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Spontaneous @entity8 is extremely rare. Although a majority of these cases have been associated with pregnancy, there have been recent reports and reviews of rare cases that were not directly associated with pregnancy. Transcatheter @entity5 is considered to be an alternative therapy to surgery. CASE PRESENTATION: A 44-year-old Japanese @entity0 , gravida 3 para 3, presented to our emergency room complaining of intermittent right flank @entity1 . She had undergone a cesarean section 2 years previously, and had no history of @entity6 . On admission, her blood pressure was 115/78 mmHg, pulse 70 beats per minute, and hemoglobin concentration 9.8 g/dL. Abdominal ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography revealed a large retroperitoneal @entity4 . Findings on three-dimensional computed tomography angiography suggested @entity7 of @entity8 . A selective right ovarian artery angiogram revealed a tortuous @entity2 . Transcatheter @entity5 using @entity9 was performed. The @entity2 was successfully embolized, and her course after embolization was uneventful. She has remained symptom-free during 3 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This was a very rare case of a @entity0 who had a @entity3 originating from an @entity8 . A review of published case reports found that contrast-enhanced computed tomography with reconstruction images is an excellent imaging tool. Diagnostic angiography and subsequent transcatheter @entity5 are thought to be very effective for this condition.

title: @entity3 caused by XXXX : a case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical value of accessory hepatic vein (AHV) intervention in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: From August 2008 to July 2014, consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 caused by @entity3 (IVC) were treated by recanalization or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in our center. @entity0 who had the compensatory AHV and successfully underwent recanalization of AHV outflow were enrolled in this retrospective study. The clinical response to AHV drainage was analyzed. RESULTS: Compensatory AHV was found in 69 of 97 (71.1  %) @entity0 , and 66 @entity0 successfully underwent recanalization of AHV outflow (IVC recanalization, n  =  49; AHV recanalization, n  =  15; both, n  =  2). In total, 78 AHVs were used instead of HV as the hepatic drainage vein after treatment. Fifty-five @entity0 had one AHV, 10 @entity0 had two AHVs, and 1 @entity0 had three AHVs. The average diameter of all AHV stems was 8.0      2.6  mm (range 5-21  mm). Clinical response to AHV drainage was positive in all @entity0 . @entity0 ' symptoms and liver function improved progressively after treatment. During the follow-up of 3-74  months (average 39.4      11.0  months), 11 @entity0 experienced reobstruction at 6 to 36  months (average 16.8      9.8  months) after treatment. CONCLUSION: Compensatory AHV can be effectively used instead of HV for @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 . AHV intervention can help to simplify the @entity2 treatment procedure.

title: Use of Accessory Hepatic Vein Intervention in the Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity8 is down-regulated in @entity1 , which may serve as a @entity1 suppressor by targeting @entity3 and Ras-responsive element-binding protein ( @entity4 ). Activated @entity3 leads to down-regulation of @entity8 transcription in a @entity4 -dependent manner, establishing a @entity6 /145- @entity3 - @entity4 feedback loop. A polymorphism @entity9 @entity5 in the promoter of @entity6 /145 might influence the binding of @entity7 . We hypothesized that the @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 may be related to the occurrence of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). In this study, we genotyped the 2 polymorphisms in 415 @entity0 with @entity2 and 504 controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The promoter activities were measured by the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. We found that the @entity9 TC genotype was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.80). The significantly increased association was also observed in a dominant genetic model (adjusted OR=1.32; 95% CI, 1.01-1.72). Combined analysis showed that individuals carrying the genotypes of @entity9 TC/CC and rs712GT/TT had a 1.47-fold increased risk of @entity2 (adjusted OR=1.47; 95% CI, 1.01-2.15). By using multifactor dimensionality reduction software method, we identified a significant interaction between the @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 . Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay showed that the luciferase activity was significantly lower in cells transfected with the @entity9 C allele than that of the @entity9 T allele. These findings indicate that @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 may contribute to the etiology of @entity2 in Chinese @entity0 .

title: A Functional Polymorphism in the Promoter of @entity6 /145 Is Associated With the Risk of XXXX in Chinese @entity0 : A Case-Control Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity8 is down-regulated in @entity1 , which may serve as a @entity1 suppressor by targeting @entity3 and Ras-responsive element-binding protein ( @entity4 ). Activated @entity3 leads to down-regulation of @entity8 transcription in a @entity4 -dependent manner, establishing a @entity6 /145- @entity3 - @entity4 feedback loop. A polymorphism @entity9 @entity5 in the promoter of @entity6 /145 might influence the binding of @entity7 . We hypothesized that the @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 may be related to the occurrence of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). In this study, we genotyped the 2 polymorphisms in 415 @entity0 with @entity2 and 504 controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The promoter activities were measured by the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. We found that the @entity9 TC genotype was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.80). The significantly increased association was also observed in a dominant genetic model (adjusted OR=1.32; 95% CI, 1.01-1.72). Combined analysis showed that individuals carrying the genotypes of @entity9 TC/CC and rs712GT/TT had a 1.47-fold increased risk of @entity2 (adjusted OR=1.47; 95% CI, 1.01-2.15). By using multifactor dimensionality reduction software method, we identified a significant interaction between the @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 . Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay showed that the luciferase activity was significantly lower in cells transfected with the @entity9 C allele than that of the @entity9 T allele. These findings indicate that @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 may contribute to the etiology of @entity2 in Chinese @entity0 .

title: A Functional Polymorphism in the Promoter of XXXX /145 Is Associated With the Risk of @entity2 in Chinese @entity0 : A Case-Control Study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity8 is down-regulated in @entity1 , which may serve as a @entity1 suppressor by targeting @entity3 and Ras-responsive element-binding protein ( @entity4 ). Activated @entity3 leads to down-regulation of @entity8 transcription in a @entity4 -dependent manner, establishing a @entity6 /145- @entity3 - @entity4 feedback loop. A polymorphism @entity9 @entity5 in the promoter of @entity6 /145 might influence the binding of @entity7 . We hypothesized that the @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 may be related to the occurrence of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). In this study, we genotyped the 2 polymorphisms in 415 @entity0 with @entity2 and 504 controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The promoter activities were measured by the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. We found that the @entity9 TC genotype was associated with an increased risk of @entity2 (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.80). The significantly increased association was also observed in a dominant genetic model (adjusted OR=1.32; 95% CI, 1.01-1.72). Combined analysis showed that individuals carrying the genotypes of @entity9 TC/CC and rs712GT/TT had a 1.47-fold increased risk of @entity2 (adjusted OR=1.47; 95% CI, 1.01-2.15). By using multifactor dimensionality reduction software method, we identified a significant interaction between the @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 . Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay showed that the luciferase activity was significantly lower in cells transfected with the @entity9 C allele than that of the @entity9 T allele. These findings indicate that @entity6 /145 @entity9 and @entity3 @entity10 may contribute to the etiology of @entity2 in Chinese @entity0 .

title: A Functional Polymorphism in the Promoter of @entity6 /145 Is Associated With the Risk of @entity2 in Chinese XXXX : A Case-Control Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2 contributes to @entity3 and loss of cardiac function in @entity4 and @entity5 . This study used in vitro and in vivo models to examine the effects of @entity10 (UA) on @entity2 and to explore its potential mechanism. METHODS: Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was performed in @entity0 to induce @entity7 and @entity1 . UA was orally administered one week prior to TAC. Two weeks after TAC, myocardial pathology was detected using Masson's trichrome staining and transmission electron microscopy, and heart-to-body weight ratio was measured. For in vitro studies, cultured cardiac fibroblasts were treated with serum in the presence or absence of UA. The relative levels of @entity6 and @entity8 / @entity9 , collagen content and cell viability were measured. RESULTS: UA attenuated pathological @entity7 and @entity2 in vivo induced by TAC. Down-regulation of @entity6 and @entity8 / @entity9 were observed in myocardial  fibroblasts treated with UA in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control group both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that UA can inhibit @entity2 both in vitro and in vivo, and the effect of UA on @entity2 may be due to the inhibition of @entity6 / @entity9 signaling pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Downregulation of @entity6 is Involved in Direct Actions of @entity10 on the Heart: Implications for Cardiac XXXX and Hypertrophy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2 contributes to @entity3 and loss of cardiac function in @entity4 and @entity5 . This study used in vitro and in vivo models to examine the effects of @entity10 (UA) on @entity2 and to explore its potential mechanism. METHODS: Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was performed in @entity0 to induce @entity7 and @entity1 . UA was orally administered one week prior to TAC. Two weeks after TAC, myocardial pathology was detected using Masson's trichrome staining and transmission electron microscopy, and heart-to-body weight ratio was measured. For in vitro studies, cultured cardiac fibroblasts were treated with serum in the presence or absence of UA. The relative levels of @entity6 and @entity8 / @entity9 , collagen content and cell viability were measured. RESULTS: UA attenuated pathological @entity7 and @entity2 in vivo induced by TAC. Down-regulation of @entity6 and @entity8 / @entity9 were observed in myocardial  fibroblasts treated with UA in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control group both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that UA can inhibit @entity2 both in vitro and in vivo, and the effect of UA on @entity2 may be due to the inhibition of @entity6 / @entity9 signaling pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Downregulation of XXXX is Involved in Direct Actions of @entity10 on the Heart: Implications for Cardiac @entity1 and Hypertrophy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2 contributes to @entity3 and loss of cardiac function in @entity4 and @entity5 . This study used in vitro and in vivo models to examine the effects of @entity10 (UA) on @entity2 and to explore its potential mechanism. METHODS: Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was performed in @entity0 to induce @entity7 and @entity1 . UA was orally administered one week prior to TAC. Two weeks after TAC, myocardial pathology was detected using Masson's trichrome staining and transmission electron microscopy, and heart-to-body weight ratio was measured. For in vitro studies, cultured cardiac fibroblasts were treated with serum in the presence or absence of UA. The relative levels of @entity6 and @entity8 / @entity9 , collagen content and cell viability were measured. RESULTS: UA attenuated pathological @entity7 and @entity2 in vivo induced by TAC. Down-regulation of @entity6 and @entity8 / @entity9 were observed in myocardial  fibroblasts treated with UA in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control group both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that UA can inhibit @entity2 both in vitro and in vivo, and the effect of UA on @entity2 may be due to the inhibition of @entity6 / @entity9 signaling pathways. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Downregulation of @entity6 is Involved in Direct Actions of XXXX on the Heart: Implications for Cardiac @entity1 and Hypertrophy.

answer: @entity10


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this was to assess clinical features and outcome in pediatric-onset @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Retrospective data analysis of @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 over last 13  years with onset before 18  years of age was done. Their presenting features, activity (by NIH criteria, ITAS2010, ITAS-A), disease extent (by DEI.Tak) and angiographic findings were retrieved from clinic files. Treatment received and follow-up data on disease activity and damage by @entity4 damage score (TADS) were also analyzed. Wherever repeated angiography data were available, the same was analyzed. Values are expressed as median with interquartile range in brackets. There were 29 @entity0 (19 females) with median age at diagnosis of 14 (13-16) years and delay to diagnosis of 1 (0.4-2)  year. Common presenting symptoms were @entity2 (23/29) and @entity1 (22/29). @entity0 had extensive disease at presentation with median DEI.Tak of 12 (9.5-15); 23/29 had elevated acute-phase reactants, and 28/29 were active at presentation [median ITAS2010 13 (8-15.5), ITAS-A 14 (10-17)]. Numano's type V was the commonest angiographic type (22/29). At a median follow-up of 2.4 (1.5-5.1) years, 2/20 were active whereas all had sustained damage despite a majority (17/20) being on immunosuppression. The median TADS was 8 (6.3-9.8) with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity1 being the commonest damage item. Two needed renal artery stenting to control @entity1 . Angiographic assessment at least 2  years apart demonstrated disease progression in 5 of 6 @entity0 despite immunosuppression. Significant damage accrued on follow-up despite immunosuppression and control of disease activity. @entity1 remains the major long-term morbidity.

title: Pediatric-onset XXXX : clinical features and short-term outcome.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of @entity2 on the long-term outcomes of @entity0 undergoing surgery for @entity1 is unclear. The objective of the current study was to define the incidence of complications among @entity0 undergoing surgery for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and identify the association between morbidity and long-term outcomes. METHODS: A total of 583 @entity0 undergoing surgery with curative intent for @entity3 between 1990 and 2013 at 1 of 12 participating institutions were identified. The association between the occurrence and severity of @entity2 on long-term survival was analyzed. RESULTS: The median age of the @entity0 was 59.9 years and the majority of @entity0 were male (52.3%). A total of 91 @entity0 (15.6%) and 153 @entity0 (26.2%) developed a major and @entity2 , respectively; 18 @entity0 (3.5%) died within 90 days of surgery. Median, 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year recurrence-free survival were 10.0 months, 43.3%, 16.7%, and 11.1%, respectively. @entity2 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.37, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.08-1.73 [P   =   .01]) and severity of complications (major vs none: HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.14-2.11 [P   =   .01]; minor vs none: HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.99-1.70 [P   =   .06]) independently predicted shorter recurrence-free survival. Median, 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival was 27.8 months, 76.8%, 39.0%, and 23.4%, respectively. @entity2 (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.30-2.08 [P<.001]) and severity of complications (major vs none: HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.31-2.44 [P<.001]; minor vs none: HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.15-1.95 [P<.01]) independently predicted shorter overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 were found to be independent predictors of worse long-term outcomes. The prevention and management of @entity2 is crucial to increase both short-term and long-term survival. @entity1 2015.    2015 American @entity1 Society.

title: Impact of complications on long-term survival after resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document troublesome driving tasks and any changes in driving behavior reported by @entity0 with chronic @entity1 ( @entity1 ). DESIGN: Descriptive study; semistructured interview. SETTING: Tertiary institution. @entity0 : @entity0 (N=33) with chronic WAD. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity3 ( @entity3 ), visual analog scale for neck @entity2 at rest and while driving, exposure section of the Driving Habit Questionnaire, self-rating perceived current driving ability, semistructured interview about presenting symptoms, troublesome driving tasks, and perceived changes in driving behavior after a @entity5 . RESULTS: Subjects (24 of 33; 73%) reported a decrease in driving ability, rating an average of 6.7  2.2 on an 11-point scale (0, unable to drive; 10, driving at preinjury level). These subjects scored higher on the @entity3 (41.8%  18.4%), experienced @entity4 at rest (4.3  2.1/10) and while driving (5.7  2.1/10), and reported decreased concentration more frequently than those who rated their driving ability at a preinjury level (ie, 10). The most frequently nominated troublesome driving tasks were checking blind spots, prolonged driving, and reversing/reverse parking, and the most frequently cited changes in driving behavior included more use of trunk rotation (75%), altered steering wheel grip (63%), more anxious/nervous while driving (54%), and more cautious driving (50%). CONCLUSIONS: The chronic whiplash population appears to have unique troublesome driving tasks (eg, prolonged driving, checking blind spots) that are not readily detected in currently available driving ability/difficulty scales, suggesting that a new scale may be required for this population.

title: Driving with a chronic XXXX : a review of @entity0 ' perspectives.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document troublesome driving tasks and any changes in driving behavior reported by @entity0 with chronic @entity1 ( @entity1 ). DESIGN: Descriptive study; semistructured interview. SETTING: Tertiary institution. @entity0 : @entity0 (N=33) with chronic WAD. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity3 ( @entity3 ), visual analog scale for neck @entity2 at rest and while driving, exposure section of the Driving Habit Questionnaire, self-rating perceived current driving ability, semistructured interview about presenting symptoms, troublesome driving tasks, and perceived changes in driving behavior after a @entity5 . RESULTS: Subjects (24 of 33; 73%) reported a decrease in driving ability, rating an average of 6.7  2.2 on an 11-point scale (0, unable to drive; 10, driving at preinjury level). These subjects scored higher on the @entity3 (41.8%  18.4%), experienced @entity4 at rest (4.3  2.1/10) and while driving (5.7  2.1/10), and reported decreased concentration more frequently than those who rated their driving ability at a preinjury level (ie, 10). The most frequently nominated troublesome driving tasks were checking blind spots, prolonged driving, and reversing/reverse parking, and the most frequently cited changes in driving behavior included more use of trunk rotation (75%), altered steering wheel grip (63%), more anxious/nervous while driving (54%), and more cautious driving (50%). CONCLUSIONS: The chronic whiplash population appears to have unique troublesome driving tasks (eg, prolonged driving, checking blind spots) that are not readily detected in currently available driving ability/difficulty scales, suggesting that a new scale may be required for this population.

title: Driving with a chronic @entity1 : a review of XXXX ' perspectives.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of various morbidity clusters of @entity2 on health-related time use and to explore factors associated with heavy time burden (more than 30 hours/month) of health-related activities. METHODS: Using a national survey, data were collected from 2,540 senior Australians. Natural clusters were identified using cluster analysis and clinical clusters using clinical expert opinion. We undertook a set of linear regressions to model @entity0 's time use, and logistic regressions to model heavy time burden. RESULTS: Time use increases with the number of @entity2 . Six of the 12 diseases are significantly associated with higher time use, with the highest effect for @entity1 followed by @entity3 ; 18% reported a heavy time burden, with @entity1 again being the most significant disease. Clusters and dominant comorbid groupings do not contribute to predicting time use or time burden. CONCLUSIONS: Total number of diseases and specific diseases are useful determinants of time use and heavy time burden. Dominant groupings and disease clusters do not predict time use. IMPLICATIONS: In considering time demands on @entity0 and the need for care co-ordination, care providers need to be aware of how many and what specific diseases the @entity0 faces.

title: Time spent on health-related activities by senior Australians with XXXX : what is the role of multimorbidity and comorbidity?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) for @entity2 is a strategy that may be used to complement passive surveillance, as passive surveillance fails to identify @entity1 that are asymptomatic or do not seek care. The spatial and seasonal patterns of incident (index) cases reported at a single clinic in Chongwe District were explored. METHODS: A @entity3 strategy was implemented from June 2012 to June 2013 in a single catchment area in Chongwe District. Incident (index) cases recorded at the clinic were followed up at their household, and all household contacts were tested for @entity2 using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). GPS coordinates were taken at each index household. Spatial analyses were conducted to assess characteristics related to clustering, cluster detection and spatial variation in risk of index houses. Effects of season (rainy versus dry), distance to the clinic and distance to the main road were considered as modifying factors. Lastly, logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the proportion of household contacts testing @entity0 positive. RESULTS: A total of 426 index households were enrolled, with 1,621 household contacts (45% @entity0 positive). Two space-time clusters were identified in the rainy season, with ten times and six times higher risk than expected. Significantly increased spatial clustering of index households was found in the rainy season as compared to the dry season (based on K-function methodology). However, no seasonal difference in mapped spatial intensity of index households was identified. Logistic regression analysis identified two main factors associated with a higher proportion of @entity0 positive household contacts. There was a 41% increased odds of @entity0 positive household contacts in households where the index case was under 5 years of age [OR = 1.41, 95% confidence intervals (1.15, 1.73)]. For every 500-m increase in distance from the road, there was a 5% increased odds of @entity0 positive household contacts [OR = 1.05 (1.02, 1.07)], controlling for season. DISCUSSION: Areas of increased report of @entity2 persist after controlling for distance to the clinic and main road. Clinic-based interventions will miss asymptomatic, non-care seeking @entity1 located farther from the road. @entity3 may identify additional @entity1 missed at the clinic.

title: Spatial patterns of incident XXXX cases and their household contacts in a single clinic catchment area of Chongwe District, Zambia.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: @entity2 ion radiotherapy is expected to be suitable to treat @entity1 because it yields great biological and physical effects. The aim of this study was to examine long-term results and subsequent outcomes after biochemical failure. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 254 @entity0 were treated from the beginning of 2003 and followed through 2009. Long-term hormone therapy was also used for some intermediate-risk and high-risk @entity0 . RESULTS: Among the @entity0 examined, 54 @entity0 experienced biochemical failure. Failure-free survival was 76%, 91% and 76% at eight years in low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk @entity0 , respectively. Clinical progression occurred only in high-risk @entity0 , with 89% progression-free survival at eight years. After biochemical failure, diseases of most @entity0 were well controlled by salvage therapy but twelve high-risk @entity0 (5%) died of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 ion radiotherapy had an excellent effect on @entity1 . Factors influencing salvage therapy included PSA kinetics and duration between radiation and failure.

title: @entity2 ion radiotherapy for treatment of XXXX and subsequent outcomes after biochemical failure.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: @entity2 ion radiotherapy is expected to be suitable to treat @entity1 because it yields great biological and physical effects. The aim of this study was to examine long-term results and subsequent outcomes after biochemical failure. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 254 @entity0 were treated from the beginning of 2003 and followed through 2009. Long-term hormone therapy was also used for some intermediate-risk and high-risk @entity0 . RESULTS: Among the @entity0 examined, 54 @entity0 experienced biochemical failure. Failure-free survival was 76%, 91% and 76% at eight years in low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk @entity0 , respectively. Clinical progression occurred only in high-risk @entity0 , with 89% progression-free survival at eight years. After biochemical failure, diseases of most @entity0 were well controlled by salvage therapy but twelve high-risk @entity0 (5%) died of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 ion radiotherapy had an excellent effect on @entity1 . Factors influencing salvage therapy included PSA kinetics and duration between radiation and failure.

title: XXXX ion radiotherapy for treatment of @entity1 and subsequent outcomes after biochemical failure.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endoscopic surveillance for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is under discussion given the overall low incidence of @entity1 and lack of evidence that it prevents advanced @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of endoscopic @entity2 surveillance on @entity1 stage and survival of @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: 783 @entity0 with @entity2 of at least 2   cm were included in a multicentre prospective cohort and followed during surveillance according to the American College of Gastroenterology guidelines. Cases of high-grade @entity4 and @entity3 were identified during follow-up. @entity3 staging was performed according to the 7th UICC-AJCC classification. Survival data were collected and crosschecked using death and municipal registries. Data from @entity0 with @entity3 in the general population were obtained from the Dutch @entity1 registry. We compared survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity1 during surveillance with those of @entity0 without @entity1 and @entity0 with @entity3 in the general population. RESULTS: 53 @entity0 with @entity2 developed high-grade @entity4 or @entity3 during surveillance. Thirty-five (66%) were classified as stage 0, 14 (26%) as stage 1 and 4 (8%) as stage 2. @entity3 was diagnosed at an earlier stage during @entity2 surveillance than in the general population (p<0.001). Survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity1 was not significantly worse than those of @entity0 without @entity1 and similar to survival of @entity0 with stage 0 or stage 1 @entity3 in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is detected at an earlier stage during @entity2 surveillance than in the general population with good survival rates.

title: Impact of surveillance for XXXX on @entity1 stage and survival of @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endoscopic surveillance for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is under discussion given the overall low incidence of @entity1 and lack of evidence that it prevents advanced @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of endoscopic @entity2 surveillance on @entity1 stage and survival of @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: 783 @entity0 with @entity2 of at least 2   cm were included in a multicentre prospective cohort and followed during surveillance according to the American College of Gastroenterology guidelines. Cases of high-grade @entity4 and @entity3 were identified during follow-up. @entity3 staging was performed according to the 7th UICC-AJCC classification. Survival data were collected and crosschecked using death and municipal registries. Data from @entity0 with @entity3 in the general population were obtained from the Dutch @entity1 registry. We compared survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity1 during surveillance with those of @entity0 without @entity1 and @entity0 with @entity3 in the general population. RESULTS: 53 @entity0 with @entity2 developed high-grade @entity4 or @entity3 during surveillance. Thirty-five (66%) were classified as stage 0, 14 (26%) as stage 1 and 4 (8%) as stage 2. @entity3 was diagnosed at an earlier stage during @entity2 surveillance than in the general population (p<0.001). Survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity1 was not significantly worse than those of @entity0 without @entity1 and similar to survival of @entity0 with stage 0 or stage 1 @entity3 in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is detected at an earlier stage during @entity2 surveillance than in the general population with good survival rates.

title: Impact of surveillance for @entity2 on XXXX stage and survival of @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endoscopic surveillance for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is under discussion given the overall low incidence of @entity1 and lack of evidence that it prevents advanced @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of endoscopic @entity2 surveillance on @entity1 stage and survival of @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: 783 @entity0 with @entity2 of at least 2   cm were included in a multicentre prospective cohort and followed during surveillance according to the American College of Gastroenterology guidelines. Cases of high-grade @entity4 and @entity3 were identified during follow-up. @entity3 staging was performed according to the 7th UICC-AJCC classification. Survival data were collected and crosschecked using death and municipal registries. Data from @entity0 with @entity3 in the general population were obtained from the Dutch @entity1 registry. We compared survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity1 during surveillance with those of @entity0 without @entity1 and @entity0 with @entity3 in the general population. RESULTS: 53 @entity0 with @entity2 developed high-grade @entity4 or @entity3 during surveillance. Thirty-five (66%) were classified as stage 0, 14 (26%) as stage 1 and 4 (8%) as stage 2. @entity3 was diagnosed at an earlier stage during @entity2 surveillance than in the general population (p<0.001). Survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity1 was not significantly worse than those of @entity0 without @entity1 and similar to survival of @entity0 with stage 0 or stage 1 @entity3 in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is detected at an earlier stage during @entity2 surveillance than in the general population with good survival rates.

title: Impact of surveillance for @entity2 on @entity1 stage and survival of @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endoscopic surveillance for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is under discussion given the overall low incidence of @entity1 and lack of evidence that it prevents advanced @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of endoscopic @entity2 surveillance on @entity1 stage and survival of @entity0 with @entity1 . DESIGN: 783 @entity0 with @entity2 of at least 2   cm were included in a multicentre prospective cohort and followed during surveillance according to the American College of Gastroenterology guidelines. Cases of high-grade @entity4 and @entity3 were identified during follow-up. @entity3 staging was performed according to the 7th UICC-AJCC classification. Survival data were collected and crosschecked using death and municipal registries. Data from @entity0 with @entity3 in the general population were obtained from the Dutch @entity1 registry. We compared survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity1 during surveillance with those of @entity0 without @entity1 and @entity0 with @entity3 in the general population. RESULTS: 53 @entity0 with @entity2 developed high-grade @entity4 or @entity3 during surveillance. Thirty-five (66%) were classified as stage 0, 14 (26%) as stage 1 and 4 (8%) as stage 2. @entity3 was diagnosed at an earlier stage during @entity2 surveillance than in the general population (p<0.001). Survival of @entity0 with @entity2 with @entity1 was not significantly worse than those of @entity0 without @entity1 and similar to survival of @entity0 with stage 0 or stage 1 @entity3 in the general population. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is detected at an earlier stage during @entity2 surveillance than in the general population with good survival rates.

title: Impact of surveillance for @entity2 on @entity1 stage and survival of XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To review medium-term outcomes of 46 @entity0 who underwent total hip replacement (THR) for @entity3 secondary to @entity4 . METHODS: Records of 58 hips in 6 @entity0 and 40 @entity0 aged 32 to 76 (mean, 62) years who underwent THR for @entity3 secondary to @entity4 and had been followed up for a mean of 4 (range, 2-8) years were retrospectively reviewed. The hips were classified according to the Crowe's grading, Sharp's acetabular angle, and centre-edge angle. The radiological uncoverage of acetabular cup (RUAC) index was calculated. The outcomes of THR were evaluated in terms of cup inclination, RUAC index, cup migration, lysis or loosening (radiolucency), @entity6 , component incorporation and positioning, thigh @entity1 , and subsidence. RESULTS: 51 of the hips were Crowe's type I, 6 were type II, and one was type IV. The mean acetabular angle was 46.3 degrees and the mean centre-edge angle was 15.4 degrees. The mean cup, head, and stem sizes were 50.4 mm, 28.7 mm, and 10.9 mm, respectively. The mean RUAC index was 16.9% and the mean cup inclination was 40.7 degrees. Radiolucency of 1 mm in the acetabular zone I was observed in 16 cases, but only one failed. For cemented and uncemented stems, the most common positioning was neutral and valgus, respectively. Five @entity0 had complications of @entity2 , @entity5 , split calcar, stem loosening, and/or @entity6 . CONCLUSION: Conventional THR can achieve good medium-term results in low-grade @entity4 .

title: Medium-term outcome of total hip replacement for XXXX in Singapore.

answer: @entity4


abstract: University and museum collections are very important sources of biological samples that can be used to asses the past and present genetic diversity of many species. Modern genetic and immunohistochemical techniques can be used on long-term preserved fixed tissues from museum specimens to answer epidemiological questions. A proof of principle was established to apply modern molecular genetics and immunohistochemical methods to these old specimens and to verify the original diagnosis. We analysed 19 specimens from our university collection including @entity0 organs that had been in fixative for more than 80 years. The tissues originated from lung, colon, brain, heart, adrenal gland, uterus and skin. We isolated amplifiable DNA from these wet preparations and performed mutational analysis of @entity3 , @entity5 and @entity1 . The tissues were also embedded in @entity4 and used for modern histology and immunohistochemistry. Our data show that amplifiable DNA is extractable and ranged from 0.25 to 22.77  g of total DNA. In three specimens BRAFV600E or KRASG12D mutations were found. Additionally, expression of different proteins like @entity6 and @entity2 was detected immunohistochemical in six investigated specimens. On the basis of our results the original diagnosis was altered in three specimens. Our work showed that it is possible to extract amplifiable DNA suitable for sequence analysis from long-term fixed tissue. Furthermore, histology and immunohistochemistry is feasible in specimens fixed long time ago. We conclude that these old preparations are suitable for further epidemiological research and that our methods open up new opportunities for future studies.

title: Molecular and Immunohistochemical Characterization of Historical Long-Term Preserved Fixed Tissues from Different XXXX Organs.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The hyperintense acute reperfusion marker (HARM) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images is associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability changes. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of contrast agent dosage on HARM incidence in acute @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: We prospectively included 529 acute @entity1 @entity0 (204 females, median age 71  years). @entity0 underwent a first @entity1 -MRI within 24  hours from symptom onset and had a follow-up on day 2. The contrast agent @entity3 was administered to the @entity0 for perfusion imaging or MR angiography. The total dosage was calculated as ml/kg body weight and ranged between 0.04 and 0.31  mmol/kg on the first examination. The incidence of HARM was evaluated on day 2 FLAIR images. RESULTS: HARM was detected in 97 @entity0 (18.3  %). HARM incidence increased significantly with increasing dosages of @entity3 . Also, HARM positive @entity0 were significantly older. HARM was not an independent predictor of worse clinical outcome, and we did not find an association with increase risk of @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: A higher dosage of @entity3 in acute @entity1 @entity0 on initial MRI is associated with increased HARM incidence on follow-up. MRI studies on BBB should therefore standardize contrast agent dosages. KEY POINTS:     Hyperintense acute reperfusion marker on MRI indicates blood-brain barrier disruption.     This observational study on @entity1 @entity0 characterizes HARM.     Incidence depends on contrast agent dosage on the previous day.     HARM is also associated with older age and poor kidney function.     Interpretation of HARM must take dosage into consideration.

title: Hyperintense acute reperfusion marker is associated with higher contrast agent dosage in acute XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence, predisposing factors and management of postoperative @entity4 ( @entity4 ) after high-pressure @entity3 to treat @entity5 ( @entity5 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have reviewed @entity0 that underwent endoscopic treatment for @entity5 from May 2008 to November 2013. All @entity0 were evaluated with renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography and diuretic renogram. Endoscopic treatment was done with high-pressure @entity3 of the ureterovesical junction under general anesthesia; a double-J stenting was done in all @entity0 . Follow-up was performed with ultrasonography, voiding cystourethrography and a diuretic renogram in all @entity0 . RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 and five @entity0 with a mean age of 14.18  months (3-103) were reviewed. A total of 22 ureters underwent HPBD to treat @entity5 . Ureterohydronephrosis improves in 19 ureters. After endoscopic treatment, six ureters developed @entity4 . Four ureters were managed surgically, and in the other two, @entity4 disappeared in a second cystogram. The presence of parameatal diverticulum in the preoperative cystography and those @entity0 with bilateral @entity5 are factors related to @entity1 (p  <  0.05). @entity2 after HPBD was observed in four @entity0 , but only one of them was affected with @entity4 .

title: Postoperative @entity4 after high-pressure @entity3 of the ureterovesical junction in XXXX . Incidence, management and predisposing factors.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence, predisposing factors and management of postoperative @entity4 ( @entity4 ) after high-pressure @entity3 to treat @entity5 ( @entity5 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have reviewed @entity0 that underwent endoscopic treatment for @entity5 from May 2008 to November 2013. All @entity0 were evaluated with renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography and diuretic renogram. Endoscopic treatment was done with high-pressure @entity3 of the ureterovesical junction under general anesthesia; a double-J stenting was done in all @entity0 . Follow-up was performed with ultrasonography, voiding cystourethrography and a diuretic renogram in all @entity0 . RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 and five @entity0 with a mean age of 14.18  months (3-103) were reviewed. A total of 22 ureters underwent HPBD to treat @entity5 . Ureterohydronephrosis improves in 19 ureters. After endoscopic treatment, six ureters developed @entity4 . Four ureters were managed surgically, and in the other two, @entity4 disappeared in a second cystogram. The presence of parameatal diverticulum in the preoperative cystography and those @entity0 with bilateral @entity5 are factors related to @entity1 (p  <  0.05). @entity2 after HPBD was observed in four @entity0 , but only one of them was affected with @entity4 .

title: Postoperative XXXX after high-pressure @entity3 of the ureterovesical junction in @entity5 . Incidence, management and predisposing factors.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence, predisposing factors and management of postoperative @entity4 ( @entity4 ) after high-pressure @entity3 to treat @entity5 ( @entity5 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have reviewed @entity0 that underwent endoscopic treatment for @entity5 from May 2008 to November 2013. All @entity0 were evaluated with renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography and diuretic renogram. Endoscopic treatment was done with high-pressure @entity3 of the ureterovesical junction under general anesthesia; a double-J stenting was done in all @entity0 . Follow-up was performed with ultrasonography, voiding cystourethrography and a diuretic renogram in all @entity0 . RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 and five @entity0 with a mean age of 14.18  months (3-103) were reviewed. A total of 22 ureters underwent HPBD to treat @entity5 . Ureterohydronephrosis improves in 19 ureters. After endoscopic treatment, six ureters developed @entity4 . Four ureters were managed surgically, and in the other two, @entity4 disappeared in a second cystogram. The presence of parameatal diverticulum in the preoperative cystography and those @entity0 with bilateral @entity5 are factors related to @entity1 (p  <  0.05). @entity2 after HPBD was observed in four @entity0 , but only one of them was affected with @entity4 .

title: Postoperative @entity4 after high-pressure XXXX of the ureterovesical junction in @entity5 . Incidence, management and predisposing factors.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study's purpose was to analyze the effect of the SmartCare pilot project, which was conducted in 2011 in South Korea. Recent studies of telehealth mostly compare the intervention group and the control group. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the disease improvement effect depending on the self-measurement compliance (measurement frequency level) of @entity0 who are receiving the @entity1 management services. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the SmartCare center, health managers (nurses, nutritionists, and exercise prescribers) monitored the measurement data transmitted by @entity0 through the SmartCare system. The health managers provided the prevention, consultation, and education services remotely to @entity0 . Of the 231 @entity0 who were enrolled in the study, the final analysis involved 213 individuals who completed their blood pressure measurements and SmartCare services until the end of a 6-month service period. The evaluated measurement group was classified into three groups (Low, Middle, and High) by evenly dividing the monthly average frequency of measurement for 6 months. The evaluation indices were systolic blood pressure (SBP), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), weight, and body mass index (BMI); this information was transmitted through the SmartCare system. RESULTS: For changes in the evaluation indices after 6 months compared with the initial baseline, in the Low Group, SBP and @entity2 slightly decreased, and weight and BMI slightly increased (difference not statistically significant). In the Middle Group, SBP and @entity2 decreased slightly (difference not statistically significant); however, both weight and BMI decreased (difference statistically significant). In the High Group, SBP, @entity2 , weight, and BMI decreased (difference statistically significant). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 who received the SmartCare services with higher measurement frequency levels at home showed greater effectiveness regarding the provided services compared with those @entity0 with lower levels of BP, weight, and BMI control.

title: Effect of Disease Improvement with Self-Measurement Compliance (Measurement Frequency Level) in SmartCare XXXX Management Service.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Upon arrival at their synaptic targets, axons slow down their growth and extensively remodel before the assembly of presynaptic boutons. Wnt proteins are target-derived secreted factors that promote axonal remodelling and synaptic assembly. In the developing spinal cord, Wnts secreted by motor neurons promote axonal remodelling of @entity5 responsive dorsal root ganglia neurons. Axon remodelling induced by Wnts is characterised by growth cone pausing and enlargement, processes that depend on the re-organisation of microtubules. However, the contribution of the actin cytoskeleton has remained unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that @entity4 regulates the actin cytoskeleton by rapidly inducing F-actin accumulation in growth cones from rodent DRG neurons through the scaffold protein @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and the @entity0 - @entity1 kinase @entity2 . Importantly, these changes in actin cytoskeleton occurs before enlargement of the growth cones is evident. Time-lapse imaging shows that @entity4 @entity3 and filopodia velocity. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of actin assembly demonstrates that @entity4 increases actin dynamics. Through a yeast-two hybrid screen, we identified the actin-binding protein @entity7 as a direct interactor of @entity6 , a scaffold protein crucial for the Wnt signalling pathway. Gain of function of @entity7 mimics Wnt-mediated axon remodelling, whereas @entity7 silencing blocks the axon remodelling activity of @entity4 . Importantly, blockade of the @entity6 - @entity7 interaction completely abolishes @entity4 -mediated axonal remodelling. These findings demonstrate a novel role for Wnt- @entity6 signalling through @entity7 in the regulation of axonal remodeling.

title: Wnt Signalling Promotes Actin Dynamics during Axon Remodelling through the Actin-Binding Protein XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Usually an @entity4 is regarded as a mechanical problem with a local defect which has to be closed by technical means. Despite the introduction of several therapeutic improvements, recurrent @entity3 still appear in 10-15%. Therefore, reasons for a recurrence are discussed in a more fundamental way. It is assumed that a failure mainly depends on the quality of the repair. Correspondingly, in principle, the close causal relationship between the technical component and its failure during time is reflected by an s-shaped outcome curve. In contrast, the configuration of the outcome curve changes markedly if a breakdown is caused by numerous components. Then, the superposition of all incidence curves inevitably leads to a linear decline of the outcome curve without any s-shaped deformation. Regarding outcome curves after @entity3 repair, the cumulative incidences for recurrences of both incisional and @entity2 show a linear rise over years. Considering the configuration of outcome curves of @entity0 with @entity1 , it may therefore be insufficient to explain a recurrence just by a failing technical repair. Rather, biological reasons should be suspected, such as a defective wound healing with impaired scarring process. Recent molecular-biological findings provide increasing evidence of underlying biochemical alterations in @entity0 with recurrent @entity3 . Until predicting markers to identify @entity0 with an impaired wound healing are available and considering the formation of insufficient scar as the underlying disease, the consequences for every surgical repair should be a supplementary reinforcement with nonabsorbable alloplastic nets as flat meshes with an extensive overlap.

title: XXXX as a problem of biology and collagen.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of endodontic instrument systems in the removal of @entity2 [ @entity3 ] from simulated immature teeth. The root canals of 106 @entity0 single-rooted teeth were shaped with ProTaper rotary files up to an F5 file size. Simulation of roots with immature apices was carried out using size 4 green 1.5-mm diameter Unicore drills. A non-setting @entity3 was injected into each root canal and inserted into the working length using lentulo spiral, after which @entity1 pellets were placed over canal orifices. The apical and coronal side of the roots were then sealed with glass ionomer cement and light cured. Specimens were stored in distilled water for 3 months at 37     C. After 3 months, the temporary coronal seal was removed and the samples were randomly divided into five experimental groups according to the method used for @entity3 removal (ProTaper, Reciproc, OneShape, WaveOne, and Manual) (n   =   20), one positive control group (n   =   3) and one negative control group (n   =   3). The amount of remaining @entity3 in the canal walls was measured under a stereomicroscope at 30* magnification. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of 0.05. Positive and negative control groups were found to be statistically different from all other groups (p   <   0.05). There were no significant differences among the ProTaper, Reciproc, OneShape, WaveOne, and Manual groups (p   >   0.05). As a conclusion, none of the techniques completely removed @entity3 from simulated immature teeth.

title: Effects of different instrumentation techniques on XXXX removal from simulated immature teeth.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   The use of nerve conduits to facilitate nerve regrowth after @entity3 is limited to defects less than 3 cm. The purpose of this study is to determine the capability of novel single and multi-lumen @entity1 ( @entity2 ) conduits manufactured by stereolithography to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. Materials and Methods   Eight @entity0 with sharp transection injuries of the sciatic nerve were randomly assigned to receive single-lumen or multi-lumen @entity2 conduits to bridge a 10-mm gap. Sciatic nerve and conduit samples were harvested after 5 weeks, and axon number, myelin thickness, fiber diameter, and g-ratio were analyzed. The contralateral intact nerve was also harvested for comparison. Results   Partial nerve regeneration was observed in three out of four single-lumen conduits and one out of four multi-lumen conduits. Axon number in the single-lumen regenerated nerve approached that of the contralateral intact nerve at 4,492        2,810.0 and 6,080        627.9 fibers/mm(2), respectively. The percentage of small fibers was greater in the single-lumen conduit compared with the intact nerve, whereas myelin thickness and g-ratio were consistently greater in the autologous nerve. Axon regrowth through the multi-lumen conduits was severely limited. Conclusion   Single-lumen stereolithography-manufactured @entity2 nerve conduits promote nerve regeneration, with regenerating axon numbers approaching that of normal nerve. Multi-lumen conduits demonstrated significantly less nerve regeneration, possibly due to physical properties of the conduit inhibiting growth. Further studies are necessary to compare the efficacy of the two conduits for functional recovery and to elucidate the reasons underlying their differences in nerve regeneration potential.

title: Single-Lumen and Multi-Lumen XXXX Nerve Conduits Fabricated by Stereolithography for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration In Vivo.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In the past 6 years, 50 @entity0 with @entity3 in our newborn nursery were treated with open operative procedures to remove interstitial air. Thirty-one were critically ill newborns with severe progressive @entity5 treated with pleurotomies. Five underwent pleurotomies on both sides, for a total of 36 operations in the 31 @entity0 . All of the 31 @entity0 underwent aggressive medical management to reduce airway pressure before resorting to operation. Ventilator manipulations, selective bronchial intubation, Forgerty catheter occlusion of the bronchus, and percutaneous lung needling were among the methods used to reduce @entity4 in these @entity0 . The operation for all 31 @entity0 consisted of multiple linear @entity6 . The hilum was skeletonized to release perihilar blebs. A downhill course was reversed by the operation in over 50% of @entity0 . The operation almost always permanently cured the tension @entity4 on that side. Seventeen of the 31 @entity0 lived. Eight of ten @entity0 with unilateral disease lived. All of those @entity0 who died had either very low birth weight, severe preoperative @entity1 , @entity2 , or a combination of these problems.

title: Surgical management of neonatal XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a surface analytical technique with high sensitivity for elemental detection and microlocalization capabilities within the micrometre range. Quantitative analysis of @entity4 resins and gelatin have been reported (Burns-Bellhorn _ File, 1979). We report here the first application of this technique to quantitative microlocalization in the context of a physiological problem--analyses of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity2 in normal and @entity7 -induced @entity1 in @entity0 lens. It is known that during the development of @entity7 -induced @entity1 the whole lens content of @entity3 is decreased, @entity5 is increased and, in late stages, @entity2 concentration increases. Whether these alterations in diffusible ions occur homogeneously or heterogeneously is not known. Standard curves were generated from @entity4 resins containing known concentrations of @entity5 , @entity3 or @entity2 organometallic compounds using the Cameca IMS 300 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer. Normal and @entity1 lenses were prepared by freezing in @entity9 in a liquid @entity6 bath followed by freeze-drying at -30 degrees C. After dry embedding in @entity4 resin, 10 microns thick sections of lens were pressure mounted on @entity8 wafers, overcoated with gold, and ion emission measured under the same instrumental conditions used to obtain the standard curves. Quantitative analysis of an area 27 microns in diameter, or a total analysed volume of 1.1 microns3, was performed by using a mechanical aperture in the ion optical system. Ion images provided qualitative microanalysis with a lateral resolution of 1 micron. Control @entity0 lenses gave values for @entity5 and @entity3 content with a precision of +/- 17% or less. These values were compared to flame photometry and atomic absorption measurements of normal lenses and were accurate within 25%. Analysis of serum and blood also gave accurate and precise measurements of these elements. Normal @entity0 lenses had a gradient of @entity5 , and, to a lesser degree, of @entity3 from the cortex to the nucleus. Development of @entity7 -induced @entity1 was heterogeneous by morphological criteria, beginning at the lens equator and spreading from the cortex into the nucleus. However, the loss of @entity3 and increase in @entity5 concentration occurred at early stages in both the cortex and nucleus cells, possibly because these cells are interconnected by gap junctions. There is a local alteration in elemental content prior to morphologically demonstrable @entity1 formation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Quantitative microlocalization of diffusible ions in normal and XXXX @entity1 @entity0 lens by secondary ion mass spectrometry.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a surface analytical technique with high sensitivity for elemental detection and microlocalization capabilities within the micrometre range. Quantitative analysis of @entity4 resins and gelatin have been reported (Burns-Bellhorn _ File, 1979). We report here the first application of this technique to quantitative microlocalization in the context of a physiological problem--analyses of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity2 in normal and @entity7 -induced @entity1 in @entity0 lens. It is known that during the development of @entity7 -induced @entity1 the whole lens content of @entity3 is decreased, @entity5 is increased and, in late stages, @entity2 concentration increases. Whether these alterations in diffusible ions occur homogeneously or heterogeneously is not known. Standard curves were generated from @entity4 resins containing known concentrations of @entity5 , @entity3 or @entity2 organometallic compounds using the Cameca IMS 300 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer. Normal and @entity1 lenses were prepared by freezing in @entity9 in a liquid @entity6 bath followed by freeze-drying at -30 degrees C. After dry embedding in @entity4 resin, 10 microns thick sections of lens were pressure mounted on @entity8 wafers, overcoated with gold, and ion emission measured under the same instrumental conditions used to obtain the standard curves. Quantitative analysis of an area 27 microns in diameter, or a total analysed volume of 1.1 microns3, was performed by using a mechanical aperture in the ion optical system. Ion images provided qualitative microanalysis with a lateral resolution of 1 micron. Control @entity0 lenses gave values for @entity5 and @entity3 content with a precision of +/- 17% or less. These values were compared to flame photometry and atomic absorption measurements of normal lenses and were accurate within 25%. Analysis of serum and blood also gave accurate and precise measurements of these elements. Normal @entity0 lenses had a gradient of @entity5 , and, to a lesser degree, of @entity3 from the cortex to the nucleus. Development of @entity7 -induced @entity1 was heterogeneous by morphological criteria, beginning at the lens equator and spreading from the cortex into the nucleus. However, the loss of @entity3 and increase in @entity5 concentration occurred at early stages in both the cortex and nucleus cells, possibly because these cells are interconnected by gap junctions. There is a local alteration in elemental content prior to morphologically demonstrable @entity1 formation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Quantitative microlocalization of diffusible ions in normal and @entity7 XXXX @entity0 lens by secondary ion mass spectrometry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a surface analytical technique with high sensitivity for elemental detection and microlocalization capabilities within the micrometre range. Quantitative analysis of @entity4 resins and gelatin have been reported (Burns-Bellhorn _ File, 1979). We report here the first application of this technique to quantitative microlocalization in the context of a physiological problem--analyses of @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity2 in normal and @entity7 -induced @entity1 in @entity0 lens. It is known that during the development of @entity7 -induced @entity1 the whole lens content of @entity3 is decreased, @entity5 is increased and, in late stages, @entity2 concentration increases. Whether these alterations in diffusible ions occur homogeneously or heterogeneously is not known. Standard curves were generated from @entity4 resins containing known concentrations of @entity5 , @entity3 or @entity2 organometallic compounds using the Cameca IMS 300 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer. Normal and @entity1 lenses were prepared by freezing in @entity9 in a liquid @entity6 bath followed by freeze-drying at -30 degrees C. After dry embedding in @entity4 resin, 10 microns thick sections of lens were pressure mounted on @entity8 wafers, overcoated with gold, and ion emission measured under the same instrumental conditions used to obtain the standard curves. Quantitative analysis of an area 27 microns in diameter, or a total analysed volume of 1.1 microns3, was performed by using a mechanical aperture in the ion optical system. Ion images provided qualitative microanalysis with a lateral resolution of 1 micron. Control @entity0 lenses gave values for @entity5 and @entity3 content with a precision of +/- 17% or less. These values were compared to flame photometry and atomic absorption measurements of normal lenses and were accurate within 25%. Analysis of serum and blood also gave accurate and precise measurements of these elements. Normal @entity0 lenses had a gradient of @entity5 , and, to a lesser degree, of @entity3 from the cortex to the nucleus. Development of @entity7 -induced @entity1 was heterogeneous by morphological criteria, beginning at the lens equator and spreading from the cortex into the nucleus. However, the loss of @entity3 and increase in @entity5 concentration occurred at early stages in both the cortex and nucleus cells, possibly because these cells are interconnected by gap junctions. There is a local alteration in elemental content prior to morphologically demonstrable @entity1 formation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Quantitative microlocalization of diffusible ions in normal and @entity7 @entity1 XXXX lens by secondary ion mass spectrometry.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The high mortality and morbidity rates associated with @entity2 are still not well explained. A few psychosocial factors have been studied and explain some of this risk, but other factors, like stress, remain largely unexplored in @entity2 . This study aimed to (1) examine the association of stress with 6-month cardiac event-free survival, (2) examine the relationship of stress with salivary @entity1 , and (3) examine the association of salivary @entity1 level with 6-month cardiac event-free survival. METHOD: A total of 81 @entity2 @entity0 participated. Stress was measured using the brief Perceived Stress Scale. @entity1 was measured from unstimulated whole expectorated saliva. Cox regression analyses were used to determine whether stress predicted event-free survival, and if salivary @entity1 predicted event-free survival. Linear and multiple regressions were used to determine the association of stress with salivary @entity1 . RESULTS: Stress was not a significant predictor of event-free survival in @entity2 (heart rate = 1.06; 95% confidence interval = 0.95-1.81; p = 0.32). Salivary @entity1 was a significant predictor of event-free survival in the unadjusted model (heart rate = 2.30; 95% confidence interval = 0.99-5.927; p = 0.05), but not in the adjusted model. Stress (b 1.06; 95% confidence interval = 0.95-1.18; p = 0.32) was not a significant predictor of salivary @entity1 level. CONCLUSION: Stress is a complex phenomenon, and our measure of stress may not have captured it well. Alternatively, the physical stressors acting in @entity2 produce levels of neurohormonal activation that mask the effects of psychosocial stressors or an indirect association of stress with outcomes that is mediated through another construct. Future studies are needed to investigate stress in @entity0 with @entity2 to provide definitive answers.

title: Examination of the potential association of stress with morbidity and mortality outcomes in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The high mortality and morbidity rates associated with @entity2 are still not well explained. A few psychosocial factors have been studied and explain some of this risk, but other factors, like stress, remain largely unexplored in @entity2 . This study aimed to (1) examine the association of stress with 6-month cardiac event-free survival, (2) examine the relationship of stress with salivary @entity1 , and (3) examine the association of salivary @entity1 level with 6-month cardiac event-free survival. METHOD: A total of 81 @entity2 @entity0 participated. Stress was measured using the brief Perceived Stress Scale. @entity1 was measured from unstimulated whole expectorated saliva. Cox regression analyses were used to determine whether stress predicted event-free survival, and if salivary @entity1 predicted event-free survival. Linear and multiple regressions were used to determine the association of stress with salivary @entity1 . RESULTS: Stress was not a significant predictor of event-free survival in @entity2 (heart rate = 1.06; 95% confidence interval = 0.95-1.81; p = 0.32). Salivary @entity1 was a significant predictor of event-free survival in the unadjusted model (heart rate = 2.30; 95% confidence interval = 0.99-5.927; p = 0.05), but not in the adjusted model. Stress (b 1.06; 95% confidence interval = 0.95-1.18; p = 0.32) was not a significant predictor of salivary @entity1 level. CONCLUSION: Stress is a complex phenomenon, and our measure of stress may not have captured it well. Alternatively, the physical stressors acting in @entity2 produce levels of neurohormonal activation that mask the effects of psychosocial stressors or an indirect association of stress with outcomes that is mediated through another construct. Future studies are needed to investigate stress in @entity0 with @entity2 to provide definitive answers.

title: Examination of the potential association of stress with morbidity and mortality outcomes in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Objective. To describe urologists' practice patterns when managing @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in Spain. Methods. This was an observational study conducted by 120 urologists using retrospective data of advanced @entity2 @entity0 attending hospitals and outpatient centers. Results. Urologists evaluated a total of 375 @entity0 (mean age: 75 years; ECOG 0-1: 77%; mean serum PSA levels at study entry: 50.5   ng/Ml). Approximately 50% of @entity0 had bone metastases, and 60.6% experienced @entity1 as the main symptom of progressive disease. Primary @entity3 deprivation therapy (ADT) use was 99.7%, with continuous ADT as the dominant strategy (91.9%). After failure of initial ADT, antiandrogen withdrawal was the next method most commonly used in 57% of @entity0 . Choice of secondary hormonal treatment was made mostly by urologists (96%), who continued to monitor @entity0 . @entity0 follow-up after chemotherapy and supportive care were mainly done in urology units, although responsibility was shared with medical oncologists and radiologists. Conclusion. The urologists' attitudes towards management of @entity2 in the routine practice in Spain show the urologist as an integral component even when @entity0 progress to advanced stages of the disease.

title: Current Patterns of Management of Advanced XXXX in Routine Clinical Practice in Spain.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have suggested an effect of gender on outcome after @entity3 ( @entity3 ), but the results are conflicting. We aimed to investigate the association of gender to outcome, coronary angiography (CAG) and adverse events in @entity3 survivors treated with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the International Cardiac Arrest Registry. Adult @entity0 with a non-traumatic @entity3 and treated with @entity6 were included. Good neurological outcome was defined as a cerebral performance category (CPC) of 1 or 2. RESULTS: A total of 1667 @entity0 , 472 @entity0 (28%) and 1195 @entity0 (72%), met the inclusion criteria. @entity0 were more likely to receive bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, have an initial shockable rhythm and to have a presumed cardiac cause of arrest. At hospital discharge, @entity0 had a higher survival rate (52% vs. 38%, p   <   0.001) and more often a good neurological outcome (43% vs. 32%, p   <   0.001) in the univariate analysis. When adjusting for baseline characteristics, male gender was associated with improved survival (OR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.01-1.78) but no longer with neurological outcome (OR 1.24, 95% CI: 0.92-1.67). Adverse events were common; @entity0 more often had @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity2 requiring transfusion, while @entity0 had more @entity1 . In a subgroup analysis of @entity0 with a presumed cardiac cause of arrest (n   =   1361), @entity0 more often had CAG performed on admission (58% vs. 50%, p   =   0.02) but this discrepancy disappeared in an adjusted analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Gender differences exist regarding cause of arrest, adverse events and outcome. Male gender was independently associated with survival but not with neurological outcome.

title: Association of gender to outcome after XXXX - a report from the International Cardiac Arrest Registry.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A @entity7 extract of the roots of Olax gambecola induced a biphasic contractile response consisting of a transitory initial rapid contraction (Phase I), followed by a slowly developing sustained increase in basal tone (Phase II) on @entity0 fundus, antrum, @entity6 taenia coli, @entity1 jejunum and aorta. The Phase I contraction was abolished by @entity11 , attenuated significantly by @entity10 and potentiated by @entity9 while the Phase II response was unaffected. @entity12 , @entity8 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ) antagonists or desensitization of @entity5 receptors did not alter either the Phase I or the Phase II contractions. @entity3 channel blockers and procedures affecting @entity3 translocation abolished the Phase I contraction while only reducing the Phase II contractions. Transmural electrical stimulation produced contractions of the fundus which were attenuated by the extract. Single bolus injections of extract produced a rapid fall in blood pressure in both normotensive and spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 but intravenous infusion resulted in a sustained fall in blood pressure which was maintained throughout the infusion period. Chronic i.p. administration of extract to spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 reduced blood pressure markedly but did not alter the blood pressure of normotensive animals. The @entity4 response to single bolus injections was abolished by @entity11 and potentiated by @entity9 . The activity profile of the extract suggests the presence of at least two active principles in the crude extract of Olax gambecola used in this study.

title: Effects of Olax gambecola XXXX extract on smooth muscle and @entity0 blood pressure.

answer: @entity7


abstract: A @entity7 extract of the roots of Olax gambecola induced a biphasic contractile response consisting of a transitory initial rapid contraction (Phase I), followed by a slowly developing sustained increase in basal tone (Phase II) on @entity0 fundus, antrum, @entity6 taenia coli, @entity1 jejunum and aorta. The Phase I contraction was abolished by @entity11 , attenuated significantly by @entity10 and potentiated by @entity9 while the Phase II response was unaffected. @entity12 , @entity8 , @entity5 ( @entity5 ) antagonists or desensitization of @entity5 receptors did not alter either the Phase I or the Phase II contractions. @entity3 channel blockers and procedures affecting @entity3 translocation abolished the Phase I contraction while only reducing the Phase II contractions. Transmural electrical stimulation produced contractions of the fundus which were attenuated by the extract. Single bolus injections of extract produced a rapid fall in blood pressure in both normotensive and spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 but intravenous infusion resulted in a sustained fall in blood pressure which was maintained throughout the infusion period. Chronic i.p. administration of extract to spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 reduced blood pressure markedly but did not alter the blood pressure of normotensive animals. The @entity4 response to single bolus injections was abolished by @entity11 and potentiated by @entity9 . The activity profile of the extract suggests the presence of at least two active principles in the crude extract of Olax gambecola used in this study.

title: Effects of Olax gambecola @entity7 extract on smooth muscle and XXXX blood pressure.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Neural crest cells play an important role in craniofacial morphogenesis and many other developmental processes. The formation of neural crest cells (NCCs) in vivo is a highly dynamic process and remains to be fully understood. RESULTS: To investigate the spatiotemporal patterning of NCCs in vivo, we have generated Sox10ER(T2) CreER(T2) (SECE) @entity0 , a transgenic line driving inducible Cre expression in NCCs. Inducing Cre activity at different stages triggered reporter expression in distinct NCC populations in SECE; @entity3 @entity0 . By optimizing the timing and dosage of @entity1 administration, we controlled Cre expression specifically in cranial NCCs. Using this approach, we demonstrate an important role for @entity2 in cranial NCCs mitosis within the mandibular processes. Further reducing Cre activity within the cranial NCCs of SECE; @entity3 embryos revealed that SECE labels preferentially progenitors of medial nasal process (MNP) rather than the lateral nasal process (LNP), before their formation from the frontonasal prominence (FNP). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that NCCs are formed sequentially from rostral to caudal regions along the neural tube. These findings also suggest that NCCs within the FNP become specified regionally and genetically before they divide into MNP and LNP. Developmental Dynamics, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Sox10ER(T2) CreER(T2) XXXX enable tracing of distinct neural crest cell populations.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognostic value of the renal resistive index (Ri) after renal artery revascularization in the context of flash @entity6 . METHODS: Between 2000 and 2008, 43 @entity0 (mean age 72.1  10.9 years; 23 @entity0 ) underwent renal artery angioplasty/stenting in the context of flash @entity6 . Intrarenal Ri was assessed using duplex ultrasound. The majority (97.7%) of @entity0 had @entity3 , and nearly half (46.5%) had @entity1 . For this retrospective analysis, the @entity0 were divided into 2 groups according to the median Ri (<0.8 and >= 0.8) of the population. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify predictors of all-cause mortality (primary endpoint) and rehospitalization for @entity5 ; the results are presented as the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The mean follow-up was 49.8  30.6 months. RESULTS: There was no difference between the groups regarding clinical characteristics. A high Ri was associated with the risk of all-cause @entity4 (HR 2.54, 95% CI 1.15 to 5.60, p=0.021). This relationship was still statistically significant after adjustment for age, gender, @entity1 , glomerular filtration rate, and treatment with a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (HR 1.74, 95%CI 1.08 to 2.81, p=0.032). A high Ri was also associated with @entity2 in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. In contrast, a high Ri was not associated with the risk of rehospitalization for @entity5 . CONCLUSION: After renal artery revascularization for flash @entity6 , a high intrarenal Ri is independently associated with all-cause mortality. Determination of the intrarenal Ri after this procedure may be useful for identifying at-risk @entity0 .

title: Prognostic Significance of the Renal Resistive Index After Renal Artery Revascularization in the Context of Flash XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: It has been suggested that adaptation to starvation may be impaired in @entity0 with @entity1 and that this may contribute to the development of @entity1 . We have investigated this by comparing the body composition, as well as the tissue composition of @entity3 , of a group of 49 @entity0 with @entity7 and 91 @entity0 with @entity2 all of whom had sustained a @entity3 greater than 10% of their recalled pre-illness weight. Total body protein was calculated from total body @entity6 measured by in vivo neutron activation analysis which also provided absolute values of @entity5 , @entity9 , @entity8 , and @entity4 . The masses of muscle and nonmuscle protein were estimated using a validated compartmental analysis. Total body fat was derived using anthropometry. Total body water was estimated from the difference between body weight and the sum of body protein, fat, and minerals. The loss of body weight incurred by @entity0 with both benign and @entity1 was primarily muscle mass and body fat. Both groups of @entity0 retained nonmuscle protein. All @entity0 manifested, with increasing @entity3 , a progressive loss of muscle protein, fat, and water, which must represent the tissue composition of @entity3 . No significant differences between @entity0 with benign or @entity1 were demonstrated for any of the body composition parameters measured. The results of this study do not support the hypothesis that adaptation to starvation in @entity0 with @entity1 is in anyway different from that which occurs in @entity0 with benign disease.

title: Body composition in XXXX .

answer: @entity1