abstract: A literature review compared the diagnostic effectiveness and accuracy of transvaginal sonography (TVS) hysterosonographic examination (HSE), hysteroscopy (HY), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in abnormalities of the uterine cavity and endometrium in premenopausal @entity0 referred to surgery and @entity0 with abnormal uterine @entity1 . The studies varied much in terms of @entity0 selection, number of observers, blinding and experience of observers, and @entity2 criteria. The diagnostic effectiveness of the techniques reviewed varied: TVS only reached intermediate quality levels as a diagnostic tool for exclusion of uterine cavity abnormalities and no data support that MRI, TVS, HY, or HSE may exclude @entity4 without concomitant endometrial sampling. HY and HSE were equally effective and apparently outperformed TVS, especially for identification of @entity3 . However, all techniques carried a significant number of false positive results. MRI does not satisfy current diagnostic demands for detection of endometrial abnormalities, but it is sufficiently accurate for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) evaluation. TVS, HSE, and HY carry much observer variation as opposed to MRI. In experienced hands TVS should be a first choice modality, but its precision and consistency fall short of current needs and it should therefore be supplemented by other techniques. HSE or HY performed by experienced clinicians should be used as supplements to TVS for exclusion of @entity3 . MRI can be recommended as the first choice modality for exact evaluation of @entity5 uterine in-growth before advanced minimal invasive treatment of @entity5 . Clinicians should be aware that modern imaging techniques may yield highly idiosyncratic results when used by inexperienced staff, and efforts should be made to reduce such observer variation. TARGET AUDIENCE: Obstetricians _ Gynecologists, Family Physicians. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After completion of this article, the reader will be able to describe the diagnostic strengths and weaknesses of the various diagnostic tests in the evaluation of abnormal uterine @entity1 and to compare the accuracy of each test to the others.

title: Imaging techniques for evaluation of the uterine cavity and endometrium in premenopausal XXXX before minimally invasive surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Actinic keratoses (AKs) are the most common @entity1 . Without treatment, a significant number of @entity0 with AK will experience @entity2 . Photodynamic therapy ( @entity4 ) using the new highly selective photosensitizer @entity5 is a promising new treatment modality for AK. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the complete response rates, cosmetic outcome, and @entity0 satisfaction after photodynamic therapy ( @entity4 ) using @entity5 (Metvix) versus cryotherapy in the treatment of AKs. METHODS: @entity0 were randomized to receive either cryotherapy with liquid @entity3 spray or @entity4 using @entity5 cream 160 mg/g, 3 hours application time, and red light (75 J/cm(2)). RESULTS: Efficacy results from 193 @entity0 with 699 lesions (92% face/scalp and 93% thin/moderately thick) were analyzed. Overall complete response rates after 3 months were 69% for @entity4 and 75% for cryotherapy. Both treatments gave higher response rates in thin lesions ( @entity4 75%, cryotherapy 80%). @entity4 gave better cosmetic results and higher @entity0 satisfaction than cryotherapy. CONCLUSION: @entity4 using @entity5 is an attractive treatment option for @entity0 with AK, with a response rate similar to that of cryotherapy, but with superior cosmetic results and high @entity0 satisfaction.

title: Photodynamic therapy using topical XXXX compared with cryotherapy for actinic keratosis: A prospective, randomized study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Although contrast-enhanced first pass magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has potential to quantify blood flow through extensive image post-processing, clinical utility is likely to depend on rapid qualitative analysis. AIMS: To investigate use of an on-line analytical approach for detection of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty subjects with @entity1 underwent contrast-enhanced rest/ @entity3 stress MRI with basal, mid-papillary and apical short-axis image acquisition. Each short axis was divided into eight @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Regional perfusion was visually classified as normal or impaired according to transmural distribution and defect reversibility. MRI and angiographic data were compared. Qualitative MRI reporting was possible for 98% @entity0 . Eighty-six coronary artery (CA) territories were assessed of which 71 (83%) had stenoses. Sensitivity and specificity for detection of stenoses were 93 and 60%, respectively. The proportion of hypoperfused @entity0 rose from 31% with < 50% stenosis to 65% with occlusion. More transmural defects were seen in @entity4 -related territories (75 vs. 54%, p < 0.05). More @entity0 demonstrated defect reversibility in occluded rather than in stenosed @entity4 -related vessels (89 vs. 58%, p < 0.05). Occluded vessels with grade 2-3 collaterals contained a higher proportion of normal @entity0 (44 vs. 25%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative MRI analysis had high sensitivity and moderate specificity for detecting CA stenoses. Additional information was obtained relating to lesion severity, previous @entity2 and impact of collateral circulation. The technique has potential for de novo diagnosis of @entity1 and as a complementary modality to angiography to assess the significance of given angiographic lesions.

title: Magnetic resonance perfusion imaging in patients with XXXX : a qualitative approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Localized and locally advanced @entity2 represents a heterogeneous spectrum of diseases with different biologic and clinical behavior. It varies with respect to invasive potential, propensity for @entity1 , and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Although several significant surgical advances have been made over the past 20 years in the treatment of muscle-invasive @entity2 , resulting in decreases in perioperative morbidity and mortality and improvement of quality of life in @entity0 with continent urinary diversions, the natural history of the disease has remained unaltered. Advances in chemotherapy for metastatic disease have prompted trials of systemic therapy in @entity0 with early stage, high-risk disease administered before or after local therapy consisting of cystectomy or radiotherapy. The data available from nonrandomized and randomized trials have not definitively established the exact role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and its impact on survival. Even if neoadjuvant chemotherapy does not improve survival, preliminary data suggest that bladder preservation may be possible in selected @entity0 and that such combined therapy will hopefully lead to better @entity0 management. The trials of postoperative chemotherapy provide insufficient evidence to support the routine use of adjuvant chemotherapy in clinical practice as a result of small sample size, confusing analyses, and the reporting of questionable conclusions. New large-scale, multicenter trials are imperative to provide convincing results. A better understanding of the microbiology of @entity2 will influence the search for new therapeutic modalities. Molecular-targeted small-molecule therapy and monoclonal antibodies have begun to dominate contemporary studies.

title: Localized and locally advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 is an inherited systemic connective tissue disease which may lead to aortic root disease causing dilatation, dissection and @entity1 of the aorta. The standard treatment is a major operation involving either an artificial valve and aorta or a complex valve repair. More recently, a personalised external aortic root support (PEARS) has been used to strengthen the aorta at an earlier stage of the disease avoiding risk of both @entity1 and major surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the stress and strain fields of the @entity2 aortic root and ascending aorta before and after insertion of PEARS in order to understand its biomechanical implications. Finite element (FE) models were developed using @entity0 -specific aortic geometries reconstructed from pre and post-PEARS magnetic resonance images in three @entity2 @entity0 . For the post-PEARS model, two scenarios were investigated-a bilayer model where PEARS and the aortic wall were treated as separate layers, and a single-layer model where PEARS was incorporated into the aortic wall. The wall and PEARS materials were assumed to be isotropic, incompressible and linearly elastic. A static load on the inner wall corresponding to the @entity0 ' pulse pressure was applied. Results from our FE models with @entity0 -specific geometries show that peak aortic stresses and displacements before PEARS were located at the sinuses of Valsalva but following PEARS surgery, these peak values were shifted to the aortic arch, particularly at the interface between the supported and unsupported aorta. Further studies are required to assess the statistical significance of these findings and how PEARS compares with the standard treatment.

title: Biomechanical properties of the XXXX 's aortic root and ascending aorta before and after personalised external aortic root support surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a neurological and @entity2 condition marked by preferential perivascular foci of neurofibrillary and glial tangles (composed of hyperphosphorylated-tau proteins) in the depths of the sulci. Recent retrospective case series published over the last decade on athletes and military personnel have added considerably to our clinical and histopathological knowledge of @entity4 . This has marked a vital turning point in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) field, raising public awareness of the potential long-term effects of mild and moderate @entity1 , which has been recognized as one of the major risk factors associated with @entity4 . Although these @entity0 studies have been informative, their retrospective design carries certain inherent limitations that should be cautiously interpreted. In particular, the current overriding issue in the @entity4 literature remains confusing in regard to appropriate definitions of terminology, variability in individual pathologies and the potential case selection bias in autopsy based studies. There are currently no epidemiological or prospective studies on @entity4 . Controlled preclinical studies in animals therefore provide an alternative means for specifically interrogating aspects of @entity4 pathogenesis. In this article, we review the current literature and discuss difficulties and challenges of developing in-vivo @entity1 experimental paradigms to explore the link between repetitive @entity3 and tau-dependent changes. We provide our current opinion list of recommended features to consider for successfully modeling @entity4 in animals to better understand the pathobiology and develop therapeutics and diagnostics, and critical factors, which might influence outcome. We finally discuss the possible directions of future experimental research in the @entity1 / @entity4 field.

title: Repetitive @entity3 , chronic XXXX and tau: Challenges in translating from mice to @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a neurological and @entity2 condition marked by preferential perivascular foci of neurofibrillary and glial tangles (composed of hyperphosphorylated-tau proteins) in the depths of the sulci. Recent retrospective case series published over the last decade on athletes and military personnel have added considerably to our clinical and histopathological knowledge of @entity4 . This has marked a vital turning point in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) field, raising public awareness of the potential long-term effects of mild and moderate @entity1 , which has been recognized as one of the major risk factors associated with @entity4 . Although these @entity0 studies have been informative, their retrospective design carries certain inherent limitations that should be cautiously interpreted. In particular, the current overriding issue in the @entity4 literature remains confusing in regard to appropriate definitions of terminology, variability in individual pathologies and the potential case selection bias in autopsy based studies. There are currently no epidemiological or prospective studies on @entity4 . Controlled preclinical studies in animals therefore provide an alternative means for specifically interrogating aspects of @entity4 pathogenesis. In this article, we review the current literature and discuss difficulties and challenges of developing in-vivo @entity1 experimental paradigms to explore the link between repetitive @entity3 and tau-dependent changes. We provide our current opinion list of recommended features to consider for successfully modeling @entity4 in animals to better understand the pathobiology and develop therapeutics and diagnostics, and critical factors, which might influence outcome. We finally discuss the possible directions of future experimental research in the @entity1 / @entity4 field.

title: Repetitive XXXX , chronic @entity1 and tau: Challenges in translating from mice to @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a neurological and @entity2 condition marked by preferential perivascular foci of neurofibrillary and glial tangles (composed of hyperphosphorylated-tau proteins) in the depths of the sulci. Recent retrospective case series published over the last decade on athletes and military personnel have added considerably to our clinical and histopathological knowledge of @entity4 . This has marked a vital turning point in the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) field, raising public awareness of the potential long-term effects of mild and moderate @entity1 , which has been recognized as one of the major risk factors associated with @entity4 . Although these @entity0 studies have been informative, their retrospective design carries certain inherent limitations that should be cautiously interpreted. In particular, the current overriding issue in the @entity4 literature remains confusing in regard to appropriate definitions of terminology, variability in individual pathologies and the potential case selection bias in autopsy based studies. There are currently no epidemiological or prospective studies on @entity4 . Controlled preclinical studies in animals therefore provide an alternative means for specifically interrogating aspects of @entity4 pathogenesis. In this article, we review the current literature and discuss difficulties and challenges of developing in-vivo @entity1 experimental paradigms to explore the link between repetitive @entity3 and tau-dependent changes. We provide our current opinion list of recommended features to consider for successfully modeling @entity4 in animals to better understand the pathobiology and develop therapeutics and diagnostics, and critical factors, which might influence outcome. We finally discuss the possible directions of future experimental research in the @entity1 / @entity4 field.

title: Repetitive @entity3 , chronic @entity1 and tau: Challenges in translating from mice to XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Immunosuppressants dampen the immune response or restore balance among immune system components. They are primarily used to prevent allograft rejection after organ transplantation and to prevent or treat disease flares in @entity8 . Immunosuppressants available at present include the calcineurin inhibitors ( @entity4 , @entity9 ), antimetabolites ( @entity6 , @entity13 , @entity10 , @entity7 ), antiproliferatives ( @entity12 ), monoclonal antibodies to T lymphocyte (basiliximab, daclizumab, muromonab-CD3) and anticytokines (anakinra, etanercept, infliximab). The immunosuppressive market grows at a rate of > 10% yearly, with total sales in 2001 of @entity14 2.7 billion. Immunotherapy in transplantation and @entity8 is tending towards the use of multi-drug regimens tailored for the individual @entity0 . At least 23 new immunosuppressants are currently in advanced clinical testing or preregistration, and can be divided into three groups. First, emerging drugs targeting intracellular ligands in immune cells are primarily analogues of currently-marketed agents, which attempt to provide improved pharmaceutical or safety profiles compared with the prototype compound. They are largely being developed in organ transplantation. Second, emerging drugs targeting cell surface ligands on immune cells attempt to antagonise novel molecular sites to interfere with immune cell activation via costimulatory signals, immune cell adhesion to tissues or the vasculature and immune cell trafficking. These agents are being primarily developed in @entity5 , @entity11 and/or @entity2 . Finally, emerging drugs acting as anticytokines, which largely follow on from the success of those on the market, by antagonising the function of @entity1 @entity3 factor or a narrow selection of interleukins. All are being assessed in @entity5 . Drug development of immunosuppressants is increasingly attempting to intervene in disease progression over the long term. These efforts bring with them trial design and regulatory issues, such as what markers can be used as trial outcome measures, over what duration do trials need to be conducted and what labelling claims are allowed. With the intensive activity in this field, it is likely that several new drugs will reach the market in the coming decade. One caveat, however, is that emerging immunosuppressants that are likely to capture a reasonable share of this increasingly-fragmented market must demonstrate the ability to achieve disease remission or long-term slowing of disease progression.

title: Immunosuppressants in advanced clinical development for organ transplantation and selected XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity1 in @entity2 has been traditionally considered as being mainly related to @entity3 secondary to frontostriatal affectation. However, this traditional consideration has recently been challenged. Forty-three nondemented @entity4 @entity0 (mean age = 59.19; SD = 9.64) and twenty control group subjects (mean age = 60.85; SD = 12.26) were studied. They were assessed on a wide range of cognitive functions. @entity0 showed motor slowing (p = .012), along with alterations in visuoperceptive (p = .001), visuospatial (p = .007) and visuoconstructive functions (p = .017), as well as in visual span (direct: p = .008; inverse: p = .037). Regarding executive functions, differences were not observed in classical measures for verbal fluency (phonetic: p = .28; semantic: p = .27) or in response inhibition (Stroop test: p = .30), while execution was altered in other prefrontal tasks (Wisconsin Test: p = .003; action fluency: p = .039). @entity0 showed altered performance in verbal learning processes (p = .005) and delayed memory (free: p = .032; cued: p = .006), visuospatial learning (p = .016) and linguistic functions (naming: p < .001; comprehension: p = .007). Poor performance in visuospatial memory is predicted by @entity5 . Taken together, the observed alterations not only suggest prefrontal affectation, but also temporal and parietal systems impairment. Thus, @entity1 in nondemented @entity4 @entity0 cannot be exclusively explained by frontostriatal circuit affectation and the resulting @entity3 .

title: @entity1 in XXXX : More than a Frontostriatal Dysfunction.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 in @entity2 has been traditionally considered as being mainly related to @entity3 secondary to frontostriatal affectation. However, this traditional consideration has recently been challenged. Forty-three nondemented @entity4 @entity0 (mean age = 59.19; SD = 9.64) and twenty control group subjects (mean age = 60.85; SD = 12.26) were studied. They were assessed on a wide range of cognitive functions. @entity0 showed motor slowing (p = .012), along with alterations in visuoperceptive (p = .001), visuospatial (p = .007) and visuoconstructive functions (p = .017), as well as in visual span (direct: p = .008; inverse: p = .037). Regarding executive functions, differences were not observed in classical measures for verbal fluency (phonetic: p = .28; semantic: p = .27) or in response inhibition (Stroop test: p = .30), while execution was altered in other prefrontal tasks (Wisconsin Test: p = .003; action fluency: p = .039). @entity0 showed altered performance in verbal learning processes (p = .005) and delayed memory (free: p = .032; cued: p = .006), visuospatial learning (p = .016) and linguistic functions (naming: p < .001; comprehension: p = .007). Poor performance in visuospatial memory is predicted by @entity5 . Taken together, the observed alterations not only suggest prefrontal affectation, but also temporal and parietal systems impairment. Thus, @entity1 in nondemented @entity4 @entity0 cannot be exclusively explained by frontostriatal circuit affectation and the resulting @entity3 .

title: XXXX in @entity2 : More than a Frontostriatal Dysfunction.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the serum levels of @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), seronegative @entity4 (SSd) and healthy donors. METHODS: The @entity5 serum levels were measured by ELISA in sera from 50 @entity1 @entity0 , 30 @entity0 with @entity3 , 30 @entity0 with SSd and 30 healthy donors. In @entity1 @entity0 , several clinical and demographic parameters were also obtained at the time of sample collection. @entity5 levels were compared in different @entity1 subpopulations (positive or negative rheumatoid factor [RF], long term or recent onset disease, high or low disease activity). In addition, the possible association with other demographic and clinical parameters (gender, age, disease duration, etc) was also analysed. RESULTS: @entity1 @entity0 had significantly higher serum levels of @entity5 (102.4 +/- 150 pg/ml; p = 0.0001) than @entity3 @entity0 (9.8 +/- 15.3 pg/ml), SSd @entity0 (7.9 +/- 14.6 pg/ml) and healthy donors' (5.2 +/- 11.6 pg/ml). @entity1 @entity0 with a disease evolution less than 2 years showed lower @entity5 levels (33.7 +/- 62.2 pg/ml) than those with long-term disease (152.4 +/- 64.6 pg/ml; p = 0.004). In addition, a significant correlation between @entity5 in serum and the number of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) prescribed was detected in @entity1 @entity0 (r = 0.42; p = 0.002). No association between @entity5 levels and age, gender, RF or disease activity was observed in this group. CONCLUSION: @entity5 is elevated in @entity1 @entity0 , specially in those with long term disease, compared to other @entity2 . This finding supports that @entity5 is involved in the perpetuation of @entity1 .

title: Increased serum levels of @entity5 in XXXX with long- term disease.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the serum levels of @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), seronegative @entity4 (SSd) and healthy donors. METHODS: The @entity5 serum levels were measured by ELISA in sera from 50 @entity1 @entity0 , 30 @entity0 with @entity3 , 30 @entity0 with SSd and 30 healthy donors. In @entity1 @entity0 , several clinical and demographic parameters were also obtained at the time of sample collection. @entity5 levels were compared in different @entity1 subpopulations (positive or negative rheumatoid factor [RF], long term or recent onset disease, high or low disease activity). In addition, the possible association with other demographic and clinical parameters (gender, age, disease duration, etc) was also analysed. RESULTS: @entity1 @entity0 had significantly higher serum levels of @entity5 (102.4 +/- 150 pg/ml; p = 0.0001) than @entity3 @entity0 (9.8 +/- 15.3 pg/ml), SSd @entity0 (7.9 +/- 14.6 pg/ml) and healthy donors' (5.2 +/- 11.6 pg/ml). @entity1 @entity0 with a disease evolution less than 2 years showed lower @entity5 levels (33.7 +/- 62.2 pg/ml) than those with long-term disease (152.4 +/- 64.6 pg/ml; p = 0.004). In addition, a significant correlation between @entity5 in serum and the number of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) prescribed was detected in @entity1 @entity0 (r = 0.42; p = 0.002). No association between @entity5 levels and age, gender, RF or disease activity was observed in this group. CONCLUSION: @entity5 is elevated in @entity1 @entity0 , specially in those with long term disease, compared to other @entity2 . This finding supports that @entity5 is involved in the perpetuation of @entity1 .

title: Increased serum levels of XXXX in @entity1 with long- term disease.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among the rarest types of @entity2 found are the small intestine @entity2 , representing only 2% of all @entity11 and 0.1-0.3% of all @entity2 . The most common subtype of this @entity2 is the @entity5 , which is located mainly in the duodenum, jejunum and, rarely, in ileum. CLINICAL CASE: A 75 year-old male, with no any surgical history, who in the previous three months, referred to two clinical episodes of @entity10 and unquantified @entity4 . When admitted into the surgical service, the @entity0 referred to a @entity10 of more than one week onset. A laparotomy was performed, finding 3 stenosis rings at the ileum end portion, carrying out an intestinal resection and enteral-enteral @entity3 . On the seventh day there was dehiscence of the @entity3 and @entity9 . New surgery was performed with the resection of the intestinal @entity3 and an ileostomy. The pathologist report indicated a small bowel @entity5 moderately differentiated, ulcerated, and multifocal. It was classified as stage III or T3N1M0. The @entity0 progress was satisfactorily, managed as outpatient with postoperative chemotherapy with 5 @entity8 and @entity6 . The @entity0 died a year later due to liver @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Due to the extreme rarity of the case, is very likely that general surgeons may find one or two cases of @entity5 in their professional career. Thus, they must suspect this pathology when faced with an episode of @entity7 in the adult.

title: [Primary XXXX , synchronous].

answer: @entity5


abstract: Multiparameter immunophenotypic analysis of neoplastic cells has proven to be of great help for the investigation of minimal @entity2 in @entity13 ; however, its utility has not been systematically explored in B cell @entity4 . The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of phenotypic aberrations in a series of 467 consecutive @entity5 through the comparison of the phenotypic characteristics of @entity1 vs normal peripheral blood (n = 10) and bone marrow (n = 10) B cells, in order to explore the applicability of this strategy for minimal @entity2 monitoring. An additional goal of our study was to evaluate the sensitivity of multiparameter flow cytometry for the detection of minimal @entity2 in @entity5 through dilutional experiments (n = 19). From the @entity0 analyzed 382 corresponded to @entity5 /small @entity5 (353 typical and 29 atypical); five to @entity16 ; 13 to @entity14 ; 12 to @entity3 ; 14 to @entity7 ; 22 were @entity3 ; and 19 @entity6 . The following triple stainings were systematically applied to both normal and leukemic samples: FMC7/ @entity15 / @entity8 , @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 , @entity19 / @entity11 / @entity8 , @entity10 / @entity12 / @entity8 and sIg/sIg(lambda)/ @entity8 . Overall, 98% of the @entity5 cases displayed aberrant phenotypes at diagnosis with no significant differences being found between cases analyzed in peripheral blood vs bone marrow samples. The most common types of aberrant criteria detected included asynchronous antigen expression (92%) and antigen over-expression (54%); abnormally light scatter characteristics were found in 17% of the cases. Most of the cases studied (90%) displayed four or more phenotypic aberrations. Once @entity0 were divided according to the different diagnostic subgroups, the overall incidence of aberrant phenotypes ranged from 79 to 80% among atypical @entity5 /small @entity5 and @entity16 to 97% of @entity3 and 100% of typical @entity5 /small @entity5 , @entity14 , @entity3 , @entity7 and @entity6 . Based on the aberrant phenotypes detected unique four-color stainings could be built for the specific identification of aberrant phenotypes. These include @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 / @entity15 and sIg(kappa)/sIg(lambda)/ @entity8 / @entity15 for @entity9 /small @entity5 and @entity16 , @entity19 / @entity11 or @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity12 for @entity14 , FMC7/ @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity19 and sIg(kappa)/sIg(lambda)/ @entity18 / @entity8 for @entity7 , @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 / @entity10 for @entity3 and @entity10 / @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity15 for @entity6 . Serial dilutional experiments showed that the sensitivity level of immunophenotyping ranges between 10(-4) and 10(-5). In summary, the present study shows that immunophenotypic analysis allows the identification of aberrant phenotypes in 98% of @entity5 and these phenotypes can be used for minimal @entity2 monitoring with a sensitivity limit of 10(-4)-10(-5).

title: Incidence of phenotypic aberrations in a series of 467 @entity0 with B XXXX : basis for the design of specific four-color stainings to be used for minimal @entity2 investigation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Multiparameter immunophenotypic analysis of neoplastic cells has proven to be of great help for the investigation of minimal @entity2 in @entity13 ; however, its utility has not been systematically explored in B cell @entity4 . The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of phenotypic aberrations in a series of 467 consecutive @entity5 through the comparison of the phenotypic characteristics of @entity1 vs normal peripheral blood (n = 10) and bone marrow (n = 10) B cells, in order to explore the applicability of this strategy for minimal @entity2 monitoring. An additional goal of our study was to evaluate the sensitivity of multiparameter flow cytometry for the detection of minimal @entity2 in @entity5 through dilutional experiments (n = 19). From the @entity0 analyzed 382 corresponded to @entity5 /small @entity5 (353 typical and 29 atypical); five to @entity16 ; 13 to @entity14 ; 12 to @entity3 ; 14 to @entity7 ; 22 were @entity3 ; and 19 @entity6 . The following triple stainings were systematically applied to both normal and leukemic samples: FMC7/ @entity15 / @entity8 , @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 , @entity19 / @entity11 / @entity8 , @entity10 / @entity12 / @entity8 and sIg/sIg(lambda)/ @entity8 . Overall, 98% of the @entity5 cases displayed aberrant phenotypes at diagnosis with no significant differences being found between cases analyzed in peripheral blood vs bone marrow samples. The most common types of aberrant criteria detected included asynchronous antigen expression (92%) and antigen over-expression (54%); abnormally light scatter characteristics were found in 17% of the cases. Most of the cases studied (90%) displayed four or more phenotypic aberrations. Once @entity0 were divided according to the different diagnostic subgroups, the overall incidence of aberrant phenotypes ranged from 79 to 80% among atypical @entity5 /small @entity5 and @entity16 to 97% of @entity3 and 100% of typical @entity5 /small @entity5 , @entity14 , @entity3 , @entity7 and @entity6 . Based on the aberrant phenotypes detected unique four-color stainings could be built for the specific identification of aberrant phenotypes. These include @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 / @entity15 and sIg(kappa)/sIg(lambda)/ @entity8 / @entity15 for @entity9 /small @entity5 and @entity16 , @entity19 / @entity11 or @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity12 for @entity14 , FMC7/ @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity19 and sIg(kappa)/sIg(lambda)/ @entity18 / @entity8 for @entity7 , @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 / @entity10 for @entity3 and @entity10 / @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity15 for @entity6 . Serial dilutional experiments showed that the sensitivity level of immunophenotyping ranges between 10(-4) and 10(-5). In summary, the present study shows that immunophenotypic analysis allows the identification of aberrant phenotypes in 98% of @entity5 and these phenotypes can be used for minimal @entity2 monitoring with a sensitivity limit of 10(-4)-10(-5).

title: Incidence of phenotypic aberrations in a series of 467 @entity0 with B @entity4 : basis for the design of specific four-color stainings to be used for minimal XXXX investigation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Multiparameter immunophenotypic analysis of neoplastic cells has proven to be of great help for the investigation of minimal @entity2 in @entity13 ; however, its utility has not been systematically explored in B cell @entity4 . The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of phenotypic aberrations in a series of 467 consecutive @entity5 through the comparison of the phenotypic characteristics of @entity1 vs normal peripheral blood (n = 10) and bone marrow (n = 10) B cells, in order to explore the applicability of this strategy for minimal @entity2 monitoring. An additional goal of our study was to evaluate the sensitivity of multiparameter flow cytometry for the detection of minimal @entity2 in @entity5 through dilutional experiments (n = 19). From the @entity0 analyzed 382 corresponded to @entity5 /small @entity5 (353 typical and 29 atypical); five to @entity16 ; 13 to @entity14 ; 12 to @entity3 ; 14 to @entity7 ; 22 were @entity3 ; and 19 @entity6 . The following triple stainings were systematically applied to both normal and leukemic samples: FMC7/ @entity15 / @entity8 , @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 , @entity19 / @entity11 / @entity8 , @entity10 / @entity12 / @entity8 and sIg/sIg(lambda)/ @entity8 . Overall, 98% of the @entity5 cases displayed aberrant phenotypes at diagnosis with no significant differences being found between cases analyzed in peripheral blood vs bone marrow samples. The most common types of aberrant criteria detected included asynchronous antigen expression (92%) and antigen over-expression (54%); abnormally light scatter characteristics were found in 17% of the cases. Most of the cases studied (90%) displayed four or more phenotypic aberrations. Once @entity0 were divided according to the different diagnostic subgroups, the overall incidence of aberrant phenotypes ranged from 79 to 80% among atypical @entity5 /small @entity5 and @entity16 to 97% of @entity3 and 100% of typical @entity5 /small @entity5 , @entity14 , @entity3 , @entity7 and @entity6 . Based on the aberrant phenotypes detected unique four-color stainings could be built for the specific identification of aberrant phenotypes. These include @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 / @entity15 and sIg(kappa)/sIg(lambda)/ @entity8 / @entity15 for @entity9 /small @entity5 and @entity16 , @entity19 / @entity11 or @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity12 for @entity14 , FMC7/ @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity19 and sIg(kappa)/sIg(lambda)/ @entity18 / @entity8 for @entity7 , @entity18 / @entity17 / @entity8 / @entity10 for @entity3 and @entity10 / @entity18 / @entity8 / @entity15 for @entity6 . Serial dilutional experiments showed that the sensitivity level of immunophenotyping ranges between 10(-4) and 10(-5). In summary, the present study shows that immunophenotypic analysis allows the identification of aberrant phenotypes in 98% of @entity5 and these phenotypes can be used for minimal @entity2 monitoring with a sensitivity limit of 10(-4)-10(-5).

title: Incidence of phenotypic aberrations in a series of 467 XXXX with B @entity4 : basis for the design of specific four-color stainings to be used for minimal @entity2 investigation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To compare postoperative plain radiographs with computed tomography (CT) post-processing images in evaluating the quality of anatomical reduction and internal fixation of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 168 @entity0 who sustained closed @entity3 and were treated with open reduction and internal fixation in East Hospital were reviewed. Postoperative plain radiographs and CT post-processing images were evaluated. The observation was performed under volume-rendering mode and multiplanar reconstruction mode. The assessment was performed by two independent orthopaedic surgeons. The inter- and intra-observer variations were analysed by kappa statistics. The differences between plain radiographs and CT post-processing images were compared using   (2) test (McNemar's test). RESULTS: Inter- and intra-observer agreement was almost perfect (0.813-1.000) using CT post-processing images, which was higher than that using plain radiographs (0.323-0.848). More non-anatomical reduction could be recognised in the supination-external rotation (SER), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), pronation-external rotation (PER), and overall groups (p<0.05) and more poor internal fixation could be recognised in the SER, @entity2 , and overall groups (p<0.05) using CT post-processing images than using radiographs. CONCLUSION: More residual articular step, @entity1 fragment displacement, and poor internal fixation could be detected by CT post-processing images than plain radiographs.

title: Comparison of plain radiography and CT in postoperative evaluation of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Blueberry consumption has been shown to have various health benefits in @entity0 . However, little is known about the effect of blueberry consumption on blood pressure, endothelial function and insulin sensitivity in @entity0 . The present study investigated the role of blueberry consumption on modifying blood pressure in subjects with @entity1 . In addition, endothelial function and insulin sensitivity (secondary measurements) were also assessed. A double-blind and placebo-controlled study was conducted in 44 adults (blueberry, n = 23; and placebo, n = 21). They were randomized to receive a blueberry or placebo smoothie twice daily for six weeks. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure, endothelial function and insulin sensitivity were assessed pre- and post-intervention. The blood pressure and insulin sensitivity did not differ between the blueberry and placebo groups. However, the mean change in resting endothelial function, expressed as reactive @entity2 index (RHI), was improved significantly more in the group consuming the blueberries versus the placebo group (p = 0.024). Even after adjusting for confounding factors, i.e., the percent body fat and gender, the blueberry group still had a greater improvement in endothelial function when compared to their counterpart (RHI; 0.32    0.13 versus -0.33    0.14; p = 0.0023). In conclusion, daily dietary consumption of blueberries did not improve blood pressure, but improved (i.e., increased) endothelial function over six weeks in subjects with @entity1 .

title: Blueberries improve endothelial function, but not blood pressure, in adults with XXXX : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Hybrid palliation for @entity1 has been developed as an alternative to neonatal Norwood surgery. At the second stage, a source of pulmonary blood flow has to be established. Options include an arterial modified Blalock-Taussig or a venous superior cavopulmonary shunt. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed @entity0 who received second-stage palliation after the initial hybrid. @entity0 were stratified according to the source of pulmonary blood supply into the arterial shunt (n  =  17 @entity0 ) or venous shunt (n  =  26 @entity0 ). RESULTS: Age and weight at second stage were lower in the arterial group (85 [45-268] days vs 152.5 [61-496] days, P  =  .001 and 3.6 [2.7-9.4] kg vs 5.1 [2.97-9.4] kg, P  =  .001, respectively). All recorded surgical times were shorter in the arterial group. Mechanical ventilation and intensive care stay were shorter in the venous group (5.82 [2.01-14.9] days vs 2.42 [0.56-13.67] days, P  =  .005 and 8.5 [3.6-23.7] vs 5.75 [0.8-17.6] days, P  =  .036, respectively) There was no difference in mortality (2/17 vs 5/26; P  =  .685) or incidence of complications between the 2 groups. There was a tendency toward a higher need for intervention in the immediate postoperative period in the venous group, but this did not reach significance (6/17 vs 13/26, P  =  .342). The arterial group has shown better development of the branch pulmonary arteries with a higher lower lobe index (158.38    39.43 mm(2)/m(2) vs 113.33    43.96 mm(2)/m(2), respectively, P  =  .037). CONCLUSIONS: Both arterial and venous shunts are viable options with mortality and morbidity results comparable to those in the literature. The arterial shunt pathway (2-stage Norwood I) may offer better pulmonary arterial growth than  the venous shunt (comprehensive/combined Norwood I and II).

title: Second stage after initial hybrid palliation for XXXX : Arterial or venous shunt?

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy has been used in @entity0 with chronic @entity2 to enhance the antiviral effect and reduce the risk of development of resistance. Interferon-alpha ( @entity3 ) can theoretically be added to the regimen to further improve the antiviral effect. Twenty @entity0 with @entity4 were given @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy for 24 weeks. After 12 weeks of treatment, @entity0 were randomized on a 1:1 basis to either the addition of @entity3 b or no addition for the last 3 months of therapy. The decline in @entity1 DNA levels, the loss of HBeAg and the HBeAg seroconversion rate were assessed. @entity0 with loss of HBeAg and/or development of anti-HBe were followed up for at least 1 y after stopping treatment. Four of 19 @entity0 (21%) had lost HBeAg and/or developed anti-HBe 24 weeks after stopping treatment, 1 of whom had received additional @entity3 . During long-term follow-up post-treatment, 2/19 @entity0 (10.5%) had a durable HBeAg seroconversion. The mean @entity1 DNA level declined by 5 logs during the first 12 weeks of treatment. Addition of @entity3 during the last 3 months of treatment did not result in any further decline in @entity1 DNA levels compared with the non- @entity3 -treated group, nor in any increase in the @entity5 seroconversion rate. In conclusion, @entity6 and @entity7 combination treatment induced seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe in 4/19 @entity0 , 2 of whom became long-term responders. Addition of @entity3 did not improve the seroconversion rate.

title: @entity6 and XXXX combination therapy with or without addition of @entity3 for @entity4 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy has been used in @entity0 with chronic @entity2 to enhance the antiviral effect and reduce the risk of development of resistance. Interferon-alpha ( @entity3 ) can theoretically be added to the regimen to further improve the antiviral effect. Twenty @entity0 with @entity4 were given @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy for 24 weeks. After 12 weeks of treatment, @entity0 were randomized on a 1:1 basis to either the addition of @entity3 b or no addition for the last 3 months of therapy. The decline in @entity1 DNA levels, the loss of HBeAg and the HBeAg seroconversion rate were assessed. @entity0 with loss of HBeAg and/or development of anti-HBe were followed up for at least 1 y after stopping treatment. Four of 19 @entity0 (21%) had lost HBeAg and/or developed anti-HBe 24 weeks after stopping treatment, 1 of whom had received additional @entity3 . During long-term follow-up post-treatment, 2/19 @entity0 (10.5%) had a durable HBeAg seroconversion. The mean @entity1 DNA level declined by 5 logs during the first 12 weeks of treatment. Addition of @entity3 during the last 3 months of treatment did not result in any further decline in @entity1 DNA levels compared with the non- @entity3 -treated group, nor in any increase in the @entity5 seroconversion rate. In conclusion, @entity6 and @entity7 combination treatment induced seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe in 4/19 @entity0 , 2 of whom became long-term responders. Addition of @entity3 did not improve the seroconversion rate.

title: @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy with or without addition of XXXX for @entity4 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy has been used in @entity0 with chronic @entity2 to enhance the antiviral effect and reduce the risk of development of resistance. Interferon-alpha ( @entity3 ) can theoretically be added to the regimen to further improve the antiviral effect. Twenty @entity0 with @entity4 were given @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy for 24 weeks. After 12 weeks of treatment, @entity0 were randomized on a 1:1 basis to either the addition of @entity3 b or no addition for the last 3 months of therapy. The decline in @entity1 DNA levels, the loss of HBeAg and the HBeAg seroconversion rate were assessed. @entity0 with loss of HBeAg and/or development of anti-HBe were followed up for at least 1 y after stopping treatment. Four of 19 @entity0 (21%) had lost HBeAg and/or developed anti-HBe 24 weeks after stopping treatment, 1 of whom had received additional @entity3 . During long-term follow-up post-treatment, 2/19 @entity0 (10.5%) had a durable HBeAg seroconversion. The mean @entity1 DNA level declined by 5 logs during the first 12 weeks of treatment. Addition of @entity3 during the last 3 months of treatment did not result in any further decline in @entity1 DNA levels compared with the non- @entity3 -treated group, nor in any increase in the @entity5 seroconversion rate. In conclusion, @entity6 and @entity7 combination treatment induced seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe in 4/19 @entity0 , 2 of whom became long-term responders. Addition of @entity3 did not improve the seroconversion rate.

title: @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy with or without addition of @entity3 for XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy has been used in @entity0 with chronic @entity2 to enhance the antiviral effect and reduce the risk of development of resistance. Interferon-alpha ( @entity3 ) can theoretically be added to the regimen to further improve the antiviral effect. Twenty @entity0 with @entity4 were given @entity6 and @entity7 combination therapy for 24 weeks. After 12 weeks of treatment, @entity0 were randomized on a 1:1 basis to either the addition of @entity3 b or no addition for the last 3 months of therapy. The decline in @entity1 DNA levels, the loss of HBeAg and the HBeAg seroconversion rate were assessed. @entity0 with loss of HBeAg and/or development of anti-HBe were followed up for at least 1 y after stopping treatment. Four of 19 @entity0 (21%) had lost HBeAg and/or developed anti-HBe 24 weeks after stopping treatment, 1 of whom had received additional @entity3 . During long-term follow-up post-treatment, 2/19 @entity0 (10.5%) had a durable HBeAg seroconversion. The mean @entity1 DNA level declined by 5 logs during the first 12 weeks of treatment. Addition of @entity3 during the last 3 months of treatment did not result in any further decline in @entity1 DNA levels compared with the non- @entity3 -treated group, nor in any increase in the @entity5 seroconversion rate. In conclusion, @entity6 and @entity7 combination treatment induced seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe in 4/19 @entity0 , 2 of whom became long-term responders. Addition of @entity3 did not improve the seroconversion rate.

title: XXXX and @entity7 combination therapy with or without addition of @entity3 for @entity4 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity3 persist, because millions of workers have had prior exposure and many industrializing countries continue to use @entity4 . Globally, an estimated 107,000 @entity0 die annually from @entity1 , @entity6 , and @entity4 due to occupational @entity4 exposure. @entity6 and @entity1 are caused by all major types of @entity4 . Asbestos causes more @entity1 deaths than @entity6 ; most cases of the latter are due to @entity4 exposure. The @entity2 risk increases with cumulative @entity4 exposure, with increased risk even at low levels of exposure to @entity4 . Based on empirical studies, an estimated cumulative occupational exposure to @entity4 of 1 fiber/mL-year substantially raises @entity6 risk. No safe threshold for @entity4 exposure has been established for @entity1 and @entity5 . The validity of fiber-type risk assessments depends critically on the quality of exposure assessments, which vary considerably, leading to a high degree of uncertainty. @entity4 without @entity4 and smoking increases the risk of @entity1 . The joint effect of @entity4 and smoking is supra-additive, which may depend in part on the presence of @entity4 . Asbestos workers who cease smoking experience a dramatic drop in @entity1 risk, which approaches that of nonsmokers after 30 years. Studies to date show that longer, thinner fibers have a stronger association with @entity1 than shorter, less thin fibers, but the latter nonetheless also show an association with @entity1 and @entity5 . Low-dose chest computed tomographic scanning offers an unprecedented opportunity to detect early-stage @entity1 in @entity4 -exposed workers.

title: XXXX and @entity6 : selected current issues.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 persist, because millions of workers have had prior exposure and many industrializing countries continue to use @entity4 . Globally, an estimated 107,000 @entity0 die annually from @entity1 , @entity6 , and @entity4 due to occupational @entity4 exposure. @entity6 and @entity1 are caused by all major types of @entity4 . Asbestos causes more @entity1 deaths than @entity6 ; most cases of the latter are due to @entity4 exposure. The @entity2 risk increases with cumulative @entity4 exposure, with increased risk even at low levels of exposure to @entity4 . Based on empirical studies, an estimated cumulative occupational exposure to @entity4 of 1 fiber/mL-year substantially raises @entity6 risk. No safe threshold for @entity4 exposure has been established for @entity1 and @entity5 . The validity of fiber-type risk assessments depends critically on the quality of exposure assessments, which vary considerably, leading to a high degree of uncertainty. @entity4 without @entity4 and smoking increases the risk of @entity1 . The joint effect of @entity4 and smoking is supra-additive, which may depend in part on the presence of @entity4 . Asbestos workers who cease smoking experience a dramatic drop in @entity1 risk, which approaches that of nonsmokers after 30 years. Studies to date show that longer, thinner fibers have a stronger association with @entity1 than shorter, less thin fibers, but the latter nonetheless also show an association with @entity1 and @entity5 . Low-dose chest computed tomographic scanning offers an unprecedented opportunity to detect early-stage @entity1 in @entity4 -exposed workers.

title: @entity1 and XXXX : selected current issues.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Regular consumption of a well balanced breakfast is a pre-requisite for normal growth and @entity0 development, along with the acquisition of proper eating habits. The family environment is crucial place where @entity0 learn such patterns of behaviour that form the basis for their development. OBJECTIVES: To determine how family factors affect the regular eating of breakfast and types of foodstuffs consumed in primary school @entity1 , including food purchases made from vending machines and school tuck shops. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects were 836 @entity1 (435 @entity0 and 401 @entity0 , aged 6 - 13) from Warsaw and the surrounding areas. Appropriate socio-demographic data and relevant eating habits were obtained from direct interviewing of the subjects by means of a custom designed questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed by the Kohonen type cluster analysis model and Chi-square test (Chi(2)); (p <=0.05). RESULTS: Three clusters of @entity1 were identified by their differing socio-demographics and eating habits (eg. rates of breakfast consumption, buying from vending machines or school tuck shops). The first and third clusters were mainly @entity1 from two-parent families with parents proportionally spending similar times at work, where respective breakfast (87% and 91%) and second breakfast (77% and 72%) consumption rates were also similar together with food shopping rates during school time (respectively 69% and 63%). Pupils with single-parents, multi-generation families or if both parents were profession- ally active, predominated in the second cluster. These ate breakfast (73%) and second breakfast (67%) more rarely, but more frequently shopped for food at school (84%). A small number of @entity1 had a packed second breakfast from home, rarely ate sandwiches, fruit and/or vegetables and dairy products but ate more sweets, sweet rolls and savoury snacks. However, a large number of subjects bought sandwiches, fresh fruit and/or vegetables and fast-food at school. CONCLUSIONS: Family factors were found to affect eating habits in @entity0 and adolescents regarding how often breakfast was eaten and the type of foodstuffs consumed. High consumptions of unhealthy food items for second breakfast were also observed. Single-parent @entity1 , those in multi-generation families or if both parents are employed rarely brought second breakfasts from home but frequently bought food from vending machines and school tuck shops. The results of the presented findings are significant towards planning an appropriate educational campaigns and health programmes targeted at @entity0 , adolescents and their families.

title: Family influences on breakfast frequency and quality among primary school XXXX in Warsaw and its surrounding areas.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of @entity6 plus @entity7 was administered to 23 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 (including 13 cases of stage IIb, 6 of stage IIIa, and 4 of stage IIIb). All @entity1 were female. They were treated with @entity6 60 mg/m2, on day 1, by i.v. followed @entity7 150 mg/m2 by 3 hours continuous infusion on day 2 and every 3 weeks repeatedly. Premedication with @entity4 , @entity11 , @entity10 and @entity12 were administered to prevent gastroenteric and allergic reactions before chemotherapy. Two to 4 cycles were used. Ten out of 23 @entity1 had a complete response, 10 had partial response, and 3 had no change. The response rate was 87% (20/23). Six out of 23 @entity1 underwent breast conserving surgery as @entity2 size had become smaller and downstaging was realized after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. The major @entity3 included @entity8 , @entity5 , @entity13 , nephrotoxicity, gastroenteric reactions, alopecia and @entity9 to the face. However, these were well tolerated in these @entity1 .

title: [Clinical evaluation of effects from neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with XXXX plus @entity7 in cases of locally advanced @entity0 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of @entity6 plus @entity7 was administered to 23 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 (including 13 cases of stage IIb, 6 of stage IIIa, and 4 of stage IIIb). All @entity1 were female. They were treated with @entity6 60 mg/m2, on day 1, by i.v. followed @entity7 150 mg/m2 by 3 hours continuous infusion on day 2 and every 3 weeks repeatedly. Premedication with @entity4 , @entity11 , @entity10 and @entity12 were administered to prevent gastroenteric and allergic reactions before chemotherapy. Two to 4 cycles were used. Ten out of 23 @entity1 had a complete response, 10 had partial response, and 3 had no change. The response rate was 87% (20/23). Six out of 23 @entity1 underwent breast conserving surgery as @entity2 size had become smaller and downstaging was realized after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. The major @entity3 included @entity8 , @entity5 , @entity13 , nephrotoxicity, gastroenteric reactions, alopecia and @entity9 to the face. However, these were well tolerated in these @entity1 .

title: [Clinical evaluation of effects from neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity6 plus @entity7 in cases of locally advanced XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy of @entity6 plus @entity7 was administered to 23 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 (including 13 cases of stage IIb, 6 of stage IIIa, and 4 of stage IIIb). All @entity1 were female. They were treated with @entity6 60 mg/m2, on day 1, by i.v. followed @entity7 150 mg/m2 by 3 hours continuous infusion on day 2 and every 3 weeks repeatedly. Premedication with @entity4 , @entity11 , @entity10 and @entity12 were administered to prevent gastroenteric and allergic reactions before chemotherapy. Two to 4 cycles were used. Ten out of 23 @entity1 had a complete response, 10 had partial response, and 3 had no change. The response rate was 87% (20/23). Six out of 23 @entity1 underwent breast conserving surgery as @entity2 size had become smaller and downstaging was realized after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. The major @entity3 included @entity8 , @entity5 , @entity13 , nephrotoxicity, gastroenteric reactions, alopecia and @entity9 to the face. However, these were well tolerated in these @entity1 .

title: [Clinical evaluation of effects from neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with @entity6 plus XXXX in cases of locally advanced @entity0 ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: A 79-year-old male was diagnosed as having a scirrhous @entity1 . @entity3 was suspected on abdominal CT examination and the CA19-9 showed a high level of 95 U/ml. The @entity0 was treated with combined chemotherapy of TS-1 and CDDP. TS-1 (100 mg/day) was administered for 14 days followed by 14 days rest as one course. CDDP was administered in 24-h continuous intravenous infusion on day 8. This treatment was done every 4 weeks regularly. After 5 courses, X-ray and endoscopy examinations revealed disappearance of @entity1 in the stomach with an improvement in the extensibility. No @entity1 cell were confirmed by endoscopic biopsy, nor did a CT-scan detect @entity3 . The CA19-9 decreased within the normal limit. Ten months after chemotherapy was started, the @entity0 was very healthy without a recurrence of @entity1 . This combined chemotherapy has administered in 8 courses, and during this period no high grade @entity2 (WHO grade 3 or 4) occurred. This TS-1/CDDP chemotherapy was effective for scirrhous @entity4 and might be administered safely even for aged @entity0 .

title: [Complete response in an elderly @entity0 with advanced XXXX treated with combined chemotherapy of TS-1 and CDDP].

answer: @entity4


abstract: A 79-year-old male was diagnosed as having a scirrhous @entity1 . @entity3 was suspected on abdominal CT examination and the CA19-9 showed a high level of 95 U/ml. The @entity0 was treated with combined chemotherapy of TS-1 and CDDP. TS-1 (100 mg/day) was administered for 14 days followed by 14 days rest as one course. CDDP was administered in 24-h continuous intravenous infusion on day 8. This treatment was done every 4 weeks regularly. After 5 courses, X-ray and endoscopy examinations revealed disappearance of @entity1 in the stomach with an improvement in the extensibility. No @entity1 cell were confirmed by endoscopic biopsy, nor did a CT-scan detect @entity3 . The CA19-9 decreased within the normal limit. Ten months after chemotherapy was started, the @entity0 was very healthy without a recurrence of @entity1 . This combined chemotherapy has administered in 8 courses, and during this period no high grade @entity2 (WHO grade 3 or 4) occurred. This TS-1/CDDP chemotherapy was effective for scirrhous @entity4 and might be administered safely even for aged @entity0 .

title: [Complete response in an elderly XXXX with advanced @entity4 treated with combined chemotherapy of TS-1 and CDDP].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Modern ceramic-on-ceramic bearings have become attractive alternatives to conventional @entity3 in total hip arthroplasty (THA) as a result of their low wear and minimal particle production. However, 28-mm heads in ceramic-on-ceramic bearing couples have been associated with ceramic @entity1 . To address these issues, 32-mm and larger ceramic heads with a @entity4 -alloy sleeve have been introduced, although limited data are available on their durability and clinical outcomes. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We determined (1) the survivorship of the primary ceramic-on-ceramic THA using a 32-mm ceramic head with a @entity4 -alloy sleeve at a minimum followup of 5 years; (2) Harris hip scores; (3) the incidence of ceramic @entity1 and noisy hip; and (4) the proportion of @entity2 showing radiographic evidence of @entity5 . METHODS: From November 2005 to August 2009, we performed 301 ceramic-on-ceramic THAs using a 32-mm ceramic head with a @entity4 -alloy sleeve in 270 @entity0 . Of these, 12 @entity0 (12 @entity2 [4%]) died from problems unrelated to surgery and 13 @entity0 (15 @entity2 [5%]) were lost during followup before a minimum of 5 years had been reached, leaving 245 @entity0 who had 274 THAs with a minimum followup of 5 years (mean, 6.5 years; range, 5-9 years) in this retrospective analysis. During the study period, 30% (301 of 997 @entity2 ) were performed with this articulation based on the operating surgeon's discretion. The mean @entity0 age at the time of surgery was 55 years (range, 16-82 years). All operations were performed at a single center. All of the ceramic implants were hot isostatic-pressed, laser-marked, proof-tested third-generation @entity6 . We determined the implant survival, Harris hip scores, incidence of ceramic @entity1 or noisy @entity2 (based on a questionnaire), and presence of @entity5 . RESULTS: The survival rate of ceramic-on-ceramic bearings in primary THA using a 32-mm ceramic head with a @entity4 -alloy sleeve was 98% (95% confidence interval, 96%-100%) at 9 years. The Harris hip score improved from a mean of 47 points preoperatively to 93 points at last followup. One ceramic head fractured at 6 years postoperatively. No ceramic liners fractured. Audible hip clicking and squeaking were identified in four @entity2 and one hip, respectively. @entity5 was detected in three @entity2 , but none had symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Primary ceramic-on-ceramic THA using a 32-mm ceramic head with a @entity4 -alloy sleeve has a survivorship of 98% at 9-year followup. Nevertheless, surgeons should be aware of the potential risks of ceramic @entity1 , noise, and @entity5 associated with the use of a ceramic head with a @entity4 -alloy sleeve. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic study.

title: Primary Ceramic-on-ceramic Total Hip Arthroplasty Using a 32-mm Ceramic Head With a XXXX -alloy Sleeve.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: To our knowledge, no single investigation concerning the long-term effects of overweight status on the risk for @entity5 , @entity10 , @entity1 , and @entity4 has been reported. METHODS: Relations between categories of body mass index (BMI), @entity4 risk factors, and @entity7 end points were examined prospectively in Framingham Heart Study @entity0 aged 35 to 75 years, who were followed up to 44 years. The primary outcome was new @entity4 , which included @entity9 , @entity8 , @entity6 , or @entity3 . Analyses compared overweight (BMI [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters], 25.0-29.9) and @entity2 @entity0 (BMI > or =30) to a referent group of normal-weight @entity0 (BMI, 18.5-24.9). RESULTS: The age-adjusted relative risk (RR) for new @entity5 was highly associated with overweight status ( @entity0 : RR, 1.46; @entity0 : RR, 1.75). New @entity10 and @entity1 were less highly associated with excess adiposity. The age-adjusted RR (confidence interval [CI]) for @entity4 was increased among those who were overweight ( @entity0 : 1.21 [1.05-1.40]; @entity0 : 1.20 [1.03-1.41]) and the @entity2 ( @entity0 : 1.46 [1.20-1.77]; @entity0 : 1.64 [1.37-1.98]). High population attributable risks were related to excess weight (BMI > or =25) for the outcomes @entity5 (26% @entity0 ; 28% @entity0 ), @entity9 (26% @entity0 ; 22% @entity0 ), and @entity6 (23% @entity0 ; 15% @entity0 ). CONCLUSIONS: The overweight category is associated with increased relative and population attributable risk for @entity5 and @entity4 . Interventions to reduce adiposity and avoid excess weight may have large effects on the development of risk factors and @entity4 at an individual and population level.

title: Overweight and XXXX as determinants of cardiovascular risk: the Framingham experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: There are few reports of non-union femur shaft @entity2 treated with plate fixation with the nail in situ. This study reports our results in 40 cases. METHODS: Retrospective series of non-union and delayed union of femoral shaft after intramedullary nailing treated with plate fixation. @entity0 were serially followed-up till 12  months. @entity2 union, time to union, knee range of motion, @entity1 were recorded. Descriptive statistics were performed as applicable. RESULTS: There were 40 @entity0 with mean age of 35  years (18-65). There were 14 cases of @entity5 non-union, 24 cases of @entity7 cases of delayed union. The average time of surgery was 1     h and average @entity3 was 300  ml. Exchange nailing was done in 9 cases. Union was achieved in 39 @entity0 . The mean time to @entity2 union was 4  months. Post-operative knee range of motion was >120   in 35 @entity0 . One @entity0 developed @entity4 which was treated with removal of implants and exchange nailing with a @entity6 coated nail and union was achieved. CONCLUSION: Plating is an effective treatment for non-union of @entity2 after intramedullary fixation with the nail in situ.

title: Is augmentation plating an effective treatment for non-union of femoral shaft XXXX with nail in situ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The optimal treatment for @entity0 with recurrent high grade @entity2 (HGG) remains controversial. Available therapies include surgery, re-irradiation, alternating electric fields or systemic therapy. Here we investigate whether re-resection will improve survival in @entity0 receiving repeat radiotherapy for @entity1 recurrence. 231 consecutive @entity0 with recurrent HGG treated with re-irradiation between 1994 and 2012 were analyzed. 105 @entity0 underwent re-resection. Re-irradiation was delivered using daily fractions of 3.5  Gy to a median total dose of 35  Gy. Survival was then analyzed comparing @entity0 with and without re-resection. Overall survival (OS) and survival from the first recurrence are reported. Univariate and cox-proportional hazard modeling was performed in a step-wise multivariate analysis using known prognostic factors. The median follow-up time from initial diagnosis was 25.7  months. The median OS from initial diagnosis of the entire group was 22.5  months. There was no significant difference in median overall survival between @entity0 who received re-resection versus no re-resection, 23 versus 21.9  months respectively (p  =  0.6). Additionally, there was no difference in median survival from the time of first recurrence 10.5  months without re-resection versus 11.1  months with re-resection (p  =  0.09). After adjusting for known prognostic variables, only age remained significant. Re-irradiation is an effective salvage therapy for @entity0 with localized, progressive high grade @entity2 , achieving a median survival of 10-11  months from re-irradiation. Our data reveals no significant improvement in survival with the addition of re-resection to re-irradiated @entity0 with HGG.

title: Re-resection for recurrent high-grade XXXX in the setting of re-irradiation: more is not always better.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The selective conservative management of small pneumothoraces (PTXs) following stab injuries is controversial. We reviewed a cohort of @entity0 managed conservatively in a high volume @entity1 service in South Africa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review over a 2-year period identified 125 asymptomatic @entity0 with small PTXs measuring <2  cm on chest radiograph who were managed conservatively. RESULTS: Of the 125 @entity0 included in the study, 92  % were male (115/125), and the median age for all @entity0 was 21  years (19-24). Ninety-seven  per cent (121/125) of the weapons involved were knives, and 3  % (4/125) were screwdrivers. Sixty-one  per cent of all injuries were on the left side. Eighty-two  per cent (102/125) sustained a single stab, and 18  % (23/125) had multiple stabs. Thirty-nine  per cent (49/125) had a PTX <0.5  cm (Group A), 26  % (32/125) were >= 0.5 to <1  cm (Group B), 19  % (24/125) were >= 1 to <1.5  cm (Group C) and 15  % (20/125) were >= 1.5 to <2  cm (Group D). Three  per cent of all @entity0 (4/125) eventually required ICDs (one in Group C, three in Group D). All four @entity0 had ICDs in situ for 24  h. The remaining 97  % (121/125) were all managed successfully by active clinical observation alone. There were no subsequent readmissions, morbidity or mortality as a direct result of our conservative approach. CONCLUSIONS: The selective conservative management of asymptomatic small PTXs from stab injuries is safe if undertaken in the appropriate setting.

title: The selective conservative management of small traumatic pneumothoraces following stab injuries is safe: experience from a high-volume XXXX service in South Africa.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a @entity2 of unknown etiology, characterized by features of low cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) pressure, postural @entity1 and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. METHODS: Four symptomatic cases of @entity4 presented to our institution over a six-month period. Magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed in all four cases. Diagnostic lumbar puncture was done in all except one case. RESULTS: All of the @entity0 on whom lumbar punctures were performed demonstrated low CSF pressure and CSF protein elevation with negative cultures and cytology. Three out of the four @entity0 exhibited MRI findings of diffuse spinal and intracranial pachymeningeal @entity3 enhancement and extradural or subdural fluid collections. One @entity0 had no MRI @entity1 and reduced CSF pressure at lumbar puncture. All @entity0 recovered with intravenous fluids and conservative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities are found in most, but not all @entity0 , with @entity4 . Cerebral spinal fluid abnormalities can be detected even in @entity0 with normal MRI studies. It is important to recognize the variability of imaging results in this usually benign disorder.

title: XXXX in the absence of magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Animal studies, genome-wide association and genomic structural variation studies have identified the @entity5 gene as a candidate gene for @entity1 . Therefore, we have designed an extensive mutation and copy number variation ( @entity4 ) analysis investigating the prevalence of genetic and structural variations in @entity5 in the Belgian population. DESIGN AND METHODS: In the first part of this study, we performed a mutation screen for variants in the @entity5 coding region in 581 @entity1 @entity0 and adolescents and 433 healthy, lean individuals with high-resolution melting curve analysis followed by direct sequencing. In the second part of this study, Multiplex Amplicon Quantification (MAQ) analysis was used to identify CNVs in the distal @entity5 -containing chr.16p11.2 region in 421 @entity1 @entity0 and adolescents with no @entity3 or behavioral phenotype. RESULTS: Mutation analysis resulted in the identification of fifteen rare non-synonymous heterozygous variants. Several of these were found both in lean and @entity1 subjects, suggesting that these are neutral polymorphisms. However, six private, heterozygous, non-synonymous variations were present in @entity1 @entity0 only. Furthermore, we also identified six missense variants solely in lean individuals. @entity4 analysis could not identify carriers of the distal 16p11.2 deletion in our population. CONCLUSION: Our mutation analysis has demonstrated that variation in the @entity5 gene is frequent in both lean and @entity1 groups, with distinctive variations being present on either side of the weight spectrum. Although the equal variation frequency does not immediately support disease causality, it cannot be excluded that some variations are weight-increasing or -decreasing. Further functional testing of the variants will be necessary to fully understand the impact of these variants on @entity5 . We were not able to detect carriers of the distal 16p11.2 deletion in our study population. As we excluded @entity0 with developmental or @entity2 , we suggest that in addition to @entity1 , the distal deletion might predispose for these traits. Further characterization of the phenotype is therefore necessary to clearly identify the phenotype of the distal 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome.

title: Genetic and structural variation in the XXXX gene in the Belgian population.

answer: @entity5


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of oral @entity3 (TA) with combined @entity4 (COC) in reducing @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and improving quality of life in adolescent @entity2 ( @entity2 ). DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : A prospective randomized crossover trial with 17 postmenarchal @entity0 aged 21  years and younger with @entity2 who were seen at our institution. INTERVENTIONS: @entity0 were randomized to group A (TA arm) or group B (COC arm), each for 3 cycles, with crossover to the second arm after 1-month washout. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary end points were difference in improvement in @entity1 and QOL, from baseline to end of each therapy. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity0 were enrolled (mean age 14.2  years, range 11.7 to 16.8  years). Nine @entity0 completed both arms; 8 @entity0 withdrew from the study due to adverse events or noncompliance. Compared with baseline, significant improvement (P  <  .05) was demonstrated by TA and COC in @entity1 (mean Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart score decrease: TA, 536.4; COC, 430.6) and quality of life (mean Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory(TM) version 4.0 Generic Scales score increase: TA, 15.6; COC, 16.75), but no significant difference was noted between TA and COC (P  >  .05). There was statistically significant reduction in the length of menstrual cycle for COC only (mean reduction 5.3  days; P  =  .04) and not for TA (P  =  .18). Ten @entity0 (58%) experienced adverse events that were possibly drug related (TA: n  =  3, 30%; COCP: n  =  7, 64%). CONCLUSION: In this pilot study, oral TA appeared as efficacious as COC in the management of adolescent @entity2 by reducing @entity1 and improving quality of life.

title: Oral XXXX versus Combined Oral Contraceptives for Adolescent Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: A Pilot Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The goal of this investigation was to histometrically evaluate the effect of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on bone healing after guided bone regeneration (GBR) in dehiscence-type osseous defects around dental implants; i.e., in the absence of periodontal ligament cells. METHODS: Six mongrel @entity0 were used. The second, third, and fourth mandibular premolars (p2, p3, and p4) and first molars (ml) were extracted. After 3 months, 2 implant osteotomies were prepared in each side of the mandible, dehiscence-type defects were created on the buccal aspect of each implant osteotomy (3.5 mm x 5.0 mm), and @entity1 implants were placed (3.75 mm x 8.5 mm). The surgically-created defects were randomly assigned to one of the treatments: @entity2 , GBR, @entity2 +GBR, or control. After 2 months, 4 additional defects were created and treated. The animals were sacrificed 3 months after the placement of the first implants, thus allowing the healing periods of 1 and 3 months. Undecalcified sections were obtained for the histometric evaluation including the percentage of bone-to-implant contact and new bone area on the implant threads related to the defect. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed among the groups in the evaluated parameters after 1 month of healing. After 3 months, no statistically significant differences were observed among the groups for the percentage of bone-to-implant contact. The values for the new bone area were: 55.5+/-11.8, 53.8+/-16.3, 62.1+/-18.4, and 36.9+/-25.1 for @entity2 , GBR, @entity2 +GBR, and control, respectively. The difference between @entity2 +GBR and control was statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that @entity2 may positively influence bone healing after GBR around titanium implants. @entity2 alone, however, had no statistically significant effect.

title: Enamel matrix derivative and bone healing after guided bone regeneration in dehiscence-type defects around implants. A histomorphometric study in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Anthracyclines and @entity8 are currently the most effective drugs in the treatment of metastatic @entity0 . The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and @entity2 of @entity6 and @entity5 combination in the first-line treatment of @entity0 . Forty-five @entity1 with @entity0 were recruited in the study. Median age was 49 years (range, 33-70). Treatment protocol: @entity5 (50 mg/m2/day, 30-min infusion) followed by @entity6 (200 mg/m2/day, 3-hr infusion) every 3 weeks. Response rates included complete response in 13 (28.9%) @entity1 and partial response in 19 (42.2%) @entity1 , with an overall response rate of 71%. Five (11%) @entity1 had stable disease and 8 (18%) @entity1 had progressive disease. At a median follow-up of 19.7 months, median time to progression for all @entity1 was 19.9 months (95% confidence interval, 12.8 to 27 months). Median overall survival time was 28.4 months. Grade 3-4 @entity3 / @entity4 and hematological @entity2 were observed in 12 (26%) and 6 (13.3%) @entity1 , respectively. @entity7 was observed in 2 (4.4%) @entity1 . In this trial, @entity6 and @entity5 combination was demonstrated to be a favorable and active regimen in the first-line treatment of @entity0 .

title: @entity6 and XXXX combination in the first-line treatment of @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Anthracyclines and @entity8 are currently the most effective drugs in the treatment of metastatic @entity0 . The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and @entity2 of @entity6 and @entity5 combination in the first-line treatment of @entity0 . Forty-five @entity1 with @entity0 were recruited in the study. Median age was 49 years (range, 33-70). Treatment protocol: @entity5 (50 mg/m2/day, 30-min infusion) followed by @entity6 (200 mg/m2/day, 3-hr infusion) every 3 weeks. Response rates included complete response in 13 (28.9%) @entity1 and partial response in 19 (42.2%) @entity1 , with an overall response rate of 71%. Five (11%) @entity1 had stable disease and 8 (18%) @entity1 had progressive disease. At a median follow-up of 19.7 months, median time to progression for all @entity1 was 19.9 months (95% confidence interval, 12.8 to 27 months). Median overall survival time was 28.4 months. Grade 3-4 @entity3 / @entity4 and hematological @entity2 were observed in 12 (26%) and 6 (13.3%) @entity1 , respectively. @entity7 was observed in 2 (4.4%) @entity1 . In this trial, @entity6 and @entity5 combination was demonstrated to be a favorable and active regimen in the first-line treatment of @entity0 .

title: @entity6 and @entity5 combination in the first-line treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Anthracyclines and @entity8 are currently the most effective drugs in the treatment of metastatic @entity0 . The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and @entity2 of @entity6 and @entity5 combination in the first-line treatment of @entity0 . Forty-five @entity1 with @entity0 were recruited in the study. Median age was 49 years (range, 33-70). Treatment protocol: @entity5 (50 mg/m2/day, 30-min infusion) followed by @entity6 (200 mg/m2/day, 3-hr infusion) every 3 weeks. Response rates included complete response in 13 (28.9%) @entity1 and partial response in 19 (42.2%) @entity1 , with an overall response rate of 71%. Five (11%) @entity1 had stable disease and 8 (18%) @entity1 had progressive disease. At a median follow-up of 19.7 months, median time to progression for all @entity1 was 19.9 months (95% confidence interval, 12.8 to 27 months). Median overall survival time was 28.4 months. Grade 3-4 @entity3 / @entity4 and hematological @entity2 were observed in 12 (26%) and 6 (13.3%) @entity1 , respectively. @entity7 was observed in 2 (4.4%) @entity1 . In this trial, @entity6 and @entity5 combination was demonstrated to be a favorable and active regimen in the first-line treatment of @entity0 .

title: XXXX and @entity5 combination in the first-line treatment of @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity1 is the most common @entity0 with a dismal prognosis. The radiosensitizing effect of @entity2 nanoparticles (AgNPs) on @entity1 both in vitro and in vivo had been demonstrated in the previous studies of our group. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Consistent with previous studies, a size and dose dependent antitumor effect and significant radiosensitivity enhancing effect of AgNPs were observed in our experiment system. We also found that cell protective autophagy could be induced by AgNPs and/or radiation, which was verified by the use of @entity7 . The mechanism through which had autophagy and the enhancement of radiosensitivity taken place was further investigated with inhibitors of @entity3 and @entity5 pathways. We demonstrated that @entity3 and @entity5 played pivotal roles in the radiosensitivity enhancement. Inhibiting @entity3 and @entity5 with @entity6 and @entity4 respectively, we found that the autophagy level of the cells treated with AgNPs and radiation were attenuated. Moreover, @entity4 down-regulated the apoptosis rate of the co-treated cells significantly. Taken together, the present study would have important impact on biomedical applications of AgNPs and clinical treatment for @entity1 .

title: Is the autophagy a friend or foe in the XXXX nanoparticles associated radiotherapy for @entity1 ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 is the most common @entity0 with a dismal prognosis. The radiosensitizing effect of @entity2 nanoparticles (AgNPs) on @entity1 both in vitro and in vivo had been demonstrated in the previous studies of our group. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Consistent with previous studies, a size and dose dependent antitumor effect and significant radiosensitivity enhancing effect of AgNPs were observed in our experiment system. We also found that cell protective autophagy could be induced by AgNPs and/or radiation, which was verified by the use of @entity7 . The mechanism through which had autophagy and the enhancement of radiosensitivity taken place was further investigated with inhibitors of @entity3 and @entity5 pathways. We demonstrated that @entity3 and @entity5 played pivotal roles in the radiosensitivity enhancement. Inhibiting @entity3 and @entity5 with @entity6 and @entity4 respectively, we found that the autophagy level of the cells treated with AgNPs and radiation were attenuated. Moreover, @entity4 down-regulated the apoptosis rate of the co-treated cells significantly. Taken together, the present study would have important impact on biomedical applications of AgNPs and clinical treatment for @entity1 .

title: Is the autophagy a friend or foe in the @entity2 nanoparticles associated radiotherapy for XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: Common genetic mutations encountered in @entity3 metabolism may result in increased @entity2 ( @entity7 ) levels. It has been reported that increased serum @entity7 levels may affect the intracellular fat metabolism and may cause enhanced @entity4 in the liver resulting in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). In total, 150 @entity0 diagnosed with FLD by ultrasound examination and 136 healthy control @entity0 that do not have any @entity4 in the liver were included in the study. @entity0 were grouped as mild (n = 88), moderate (n = 38) or severe (n = 24) according to the @entity1 in ultrasound. Serum liver function tests, @entity7 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels of the @entity0 were studied. The genetic @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 polymorphisms of the @entity0 were also evaluated. Although there was no significant difference in @entity6 and @entity3 levels, in the severe group, @entity7 levels were significantly higher than that of control and mild groups (p<0.001). By contrast, there was no significant difference in heterozygote @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 mutations, both @entity8 @entity9 and @entity8 @entity10 mutations were more common in @entity5 groups compared with the control @entity0 (p<0.001). We have determined increased @entity7 levels and increased prevalence of homozygote @entity8 @entity9 and @entity8 @entity10 mutations in @entity0 with @entity5 compared with healthy controls. Larger studies are warranted to clarify the etiological role of the @entity8 mutations and @entity7 levels in FLD.

title: @entity8 @entity9 and XXXX mutations and @entity5 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Common genetic mutations encountered in @entity3 metabolism may result in increased @entity2 ( @entity7 ) levels. It has been reported that increased serum @entity7 levels may affect the intracellular fat metabolism and may cause enhanced @entity4 in the liver resulting in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). In total, 150 @entity0 diagnosed with FLD by ultrasound examination and 136 healthy control @entity0 that do not have any @entity4 in the liver were included in the study. @entity0 were grouped as mild (n = 88), moderate (n = 38) or severe (n = 24) according to the @entity1 in ultrasound. Serum liver function tests, @entity7 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels of the @entity0 were studied. The genetic @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 polymorphisms of the @entity0 were also evaluated. Although there was no significant difference in @entity6 and @entity3 levels, in the severe group, @entity7 levels were significantly higher than that of control and mild groups (p<0.001). By contrast, there was no significant difference in heterozygote @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 mutations, both @entity8 @entity9 and @entity8 @entity10 mutations were more common in @entity5 groups compared with the control @entity0 (p<0.001). We have determined increased @entity7 levels and increased prevalence of homozygote @entity8 @entity9 and @entity8 @entity10 mutations in @entity0 with @entity5 compared with healthy controls. Larger studies are warranted to clarify the etiological role of the @entity8 mutations and @entity7 levels in FLD.

title: @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 mutations and XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Common genetic mutations encountered in @entity3 metabolism may result in increased @entity2 ( @entity7 ) levels. It has been reported that increased serum @entity7 levels may affect the intracellular fat metabolism and may cause enhanced @entity4 in the liver resulting in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). In total, 150 @entity0 diagnosed with FLD by ultrasound examination and 136 healthy control @entity0 that do not have any @entity4 in the liver were included in the study. @entity0 were grouped as mild (n = 88), moderate (n = 38) or severe (n = 24) according to the @entity1 in ultrasound. Serum liver function tests, @entity7 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels of the @entity0 were studied. The genetic @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 polymorphisms of the @entity0 were also evaluated. Although there was no significant difference in @entity6 and @entity3 levels, in the severe group, @entity7 levels were significantly higher than that of control and mild groups (p<0.001). By contrast, there was no significant difference in heterozygote @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 mutations, both @entity8 @entity9 and @entity8 @entity10 mutations were more common in @entity5 groups compared with the control @entity0 (p<0.001). We have determined increased @entity7 levels and increased prevalence of homozygote @entity8 @entity9 and @entity8 @entity10 mutations in @entity0 with @entity5 compared with healthy controls. Larger studies are warranted to clarify the etiological role of the @entity8 mutations and @entity7 levels in FLD.

title: XXXX @entity9 and @entity10 mutations and @entity5 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Common genetic mutations encountered in @entity3 metabolism may result in increased @entity2 ( @entity7 ) levels. It has been reported that increased serum @entity7 levels may affect the intracellular fat metabolism and may cause enhanced @entity4 in the liver resulting in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). In total, 150 @entity0 diagnosed with FLD by ultrasound examination and 136 healthy control @entity0 that do not have any @entity4 in the liver were included in the study. @entity0 were grouped as mild (n = 88), moderate (n = 38) or severe (n = 24) according to the @entity1 in ultrasound. Serum liver function tests, @entity7 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels of the @entity0 were studied. The genetic @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 polymorphisms of the @entity0 were also evaluated. Although there was no significant difference in @entity6 and @entity3 levels, in the severe group, @entity7 levels were significantly higher than that of control and mild groups (p<0.001). By contrast, there was no significant difference in heterozygote @entity8 @entity9 and @entity10 mutations, both @entity8 @entity9 and @entity8 @entity10 mutations were more common in @entity5 groups compared with the control @entity0 (p<0.001). We have determined increased @entity7 levels and increased prevalence of homozygote @entity8 @entity9 and @entity8 @entity10 mutations in @entity0 with @entity5 compared with healthy controls. Larger studies are warranted to clarify the etiological role of the @entity8 mutations and @entity7 levels in FLD.

title: @entity8 XXXX and @entity10 mutations and @entity5 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 (including facial erythema) has a negative impact on @entity1 . This survey aimed to assess the impact of facial erythema on subconscious perceptions and the initial reactions of others and how this affects attitudes in different settings. The survey also measured the impact of facial erythema on a @entity0 's emotional and psychological wellbeing. METHODS: A total of 6831 @entity0 from eight countries completed online computer-assisted web interviewing psychological assessments based on the implicit association test. Traditional questionnaires provided data on the impact of facial erythema and perceptions of @entity0 with @entity2 from other @entity0 . RESULTS: Facial erythema was strongly associated with poor health and negative personality traits with @entity0 reporting negative impacts of @entity2 emotionally, socially and in the workplace. Nearly 80% reported difficulty in controlling facial erythema but those with physician-diagnosed @entity2 had significantly improved control versus those with undiagnosed @entity2 (39% vs 20%, p  <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with facial erythema have to manage their own psychological barriers to cope with the disease and deal with the prejudice and negative first impressions of others. Formal diagnosis, advice and treatment from a healthcare professional improve @entity2 control. FUNDING: Galderma.

title: Perceptions on the Psychological Impact of Facial Erythema Associated with XXXX : Results of International Survey.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety and efficacy of "chimney graft" technique during @entity4 repair (TEVAR) in @entity6 . METHODS: Th e methods, results and the incidence of complications in 25 @entity0 , who received "chimney stent" therapy for aortic arch disease, were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: From August, 2010 to August, 2014, 25 @entity6 were treated by TEVAR with "chimney stent", 18 @entity0 were male and 7 were female. The average age was 38-78(65  5.8) years old. Five @entity0 received "chimney stents" for left common carotid artery, while 20 @entity0 received "chimney stent" for left subclavian artery. Three cases showed small amount of Type I leak under immediate postoperative angiography without treatment. The leak was disappeared 1month later. Two @entity0 appeared @entity3 and one of them showed dizzinesss simultaneously. Both of them recovered gradually in follow-up process. Th ere was no limb @entity2 or @entity1 . Th e locations of aortic and "chimney stent" were stable without any @entity5 . CONCLUSION: "Chimney graft" technique is a safe and effective treatment for @entity6 due to lack of proximal anchoring zone. The follow up results in a short-term is satisfied.

title: [Application of "chimney graft" technique for XXXX repair in @entity6 ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety and efficacy of "chimney graft" technique during @entity4 repair (TEVAR) in @entity6 . METHODS: Th e methods, results and the incidence of complications in 25 @entity0 , who received "chimney stent" therapy for aortic arch disease, were reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS: From August, 2010 to August, 2014, 25 @entity6 were treated by TEVAR with "chimney stent", 18 @entity0 were male and 7 were female. The average age was 38-78(65  5.8) years old. Five @entity0 received "chimney stents" for left common carotid artery, while 20 @entity0 received "chimney stent" for left subclavian artery. Three cases showed small amount of Type I leak under immediate postoperative angiography without treatment. The leak was disappeared 1month later. Two @entity0 appeared @entity3 and one of them showed dizzinesss simultaneously. Both of them recovered gradually in follow-up process. Th ere was no limb @entity2 or @entity1 . Th e locations of aortic and "chimney stent" were stable without any @entity5 . CONCLUSION: "Chimney graft" technique is a safe and effective treatment for @entity6 due to lack of proximal anchoring zone. The follow up results in a short-term is satisfied.

title: [Application of "chimney graft" technique for @entity4 repair in XXXX ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The monocyte receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide @entity6 is an important mediator of the inflammatory response. Recently, a polymorphism in the promotor of the @entity6 gene, C (-260) T, was detected as a risk factor for @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypotheses that this polymorphism is a risk factor 1. for @entity5 in general and 2. for @entity5 due to large artery @entity4 or @entity3 in particular. @entity0 AND METHODS: We performed a case control study including 151 consecutive @entity0 with @entity5 treated at our university hospital and 149 control subjects. All control subjects were randomly selected from the general population of the same region in South-West Germany. Genotype frequencies of the C(-260) T polymorphism in the promotor of the @entity6 gene were examined by restriction length analysis. RESULTS: The TT-genotype was not associated with @entity5 in general either in univariate or in multivariate analysis together with classical vascular risk factors (odds ratio in multivariate analysis: 1.11; 95 %CI, 0.63 to 1.95). In 70 @entity0 with @entity5 due to @entity4 of large arteries or @entity3 , there was a significantly higher prevalence of the TT-genotype than into control subjects (38.6 % vs. 23.5 %; odds ratio in multivariate analysis 2.26; 95 %CI, 1.13 to 4.54). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that the TT-genotype of the @entity6 C(-260) T polymorphism in a South-German population is not associated with an increased risk of @entity5 in general. However, we found that the TT-genotype is associated with a risk of @entity4 or microangiopathic @entity1 . This finding requires confirmation by future studies in larger populations.

title: Lipopolysaccharide receptor @entity6 polymorphism and risk of XXXX in a South-German population.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The monocyte receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide @entity6 is an important mediator of the inflammatory response. Recently, a polymorphism in the promotor of the @entity6 gene, C (-260) T, was detected as a risk factor for @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypotheses that this polymorphism is a risk factor 1. for @entity5 in general and 2. for @entity5 due to large artery @entity4 or @entity3 in particular. @entity0 AND METHODS: We performed a case control study including 151 consecutive @entity0 with @entity5 treated at our university hospital and 149 control subjects. All control subjects were randomly selected from the general population of the same region in South-West Germany. Genotype frequencies of the C(-260) T polymorphism in the promotor of the @entity6 gene were examined by restriction length analysis. RESULTS: The TT-genotype was not associated with @entity5 in general either in univariate or in multivariate analysis together with classical vascular risk factors (odds ratio in multivariate analysis: 1.11; 95 %CI, 0.63 to 1.95). In 70 @entity0 with @entity5 due to @entity4 of large arteries or @entity3 , there was a significantly higher prevalence of the TT-genotype than into control subjects (38.6 % vs. 23.5 %; odds ratio in multivariate analysis 2.26; 95 %CI, 1.13 to 4.54). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that the TT-genotype of the @entity6 C(-260) T polymorphism in a South-German population is not associated with an increased risk of @entity5 in general. However, we found that the TT-genotype is associated with a risk of @entity4 or microangiopathic @entity1 . This finding requires confirmation by future studies in larger populations.

title: Lipopolysaccharide receptor XXXX polymorphism and risk of @entity1 in a South-German population.

answer: @entity6