abstract: We compare a "second-generation" immunoenzymometric assay (Tandem-E CKMB II) for @entity2 kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) MB with its electrophoretic (Beckman Paragon system) determination. In the former, two monoclonal antibodies are directed against the B and M subunits. We evaluated 502 samples from 253 @entity0 . Precision, linearity, and analytical recovery for both assays were excellent. The two methods correlated well (r = 0.936). The reference interval for individuals with no suspected @entity1 was 0-6.0 micrograms/L; that for non- @entity3 @entity0 was 0-18.0 micrograms/L. Peak CK-MB values determined by the two assays agreed for 95% of the @entity0 , in terms of exceeding the normal reference interval or not. @entity4 were 86% (Tandem) and 88% (electrophoresis). The immunoenzymometric assay showed no cross reaction with other CK isoenzymes. Both assay methods performed well in detecting CK-MB, although there were some false positives by both methods, as judged from electrocardiographic results. When total CK for the Tandem assay exceeds 2000 U/L, we recommend calculation of a ratio (CK-MB, micrograms/L:total CK, U/L).

title: Immunoenzymometric assay of XXXX kinase with monoclonal antibodies to the MB isoenzyme compared with electrophoresis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity9 is a well-recognized disorder in adults, but it is rarely diagnosed in the pediatric age group. This report summarizes our experience with this condition from 1975 to 1985. We diagnosed, treated, and followed up this condition in 18 @entity0 and adolescents. The condition usually followed @entity2 . The most prominent feature in all @entity0 was a constant @entity4 with episodes of paroxysmal exacerbation. The @entity4 was associated with two or more of the following: @entity1 , @entity6 or @entity8 , @entity5 or erythema, and, in severe cases, dystrophic skin changes and @entity7 . Roentgenograms were normal. Bone scans were helpful to exclude other possible causes of bone and joint @entity4 . @entity9 in @entity0 probably often goes unrecognized, sometimes being confused with @entity3 conditions such as conversion reaction and malingering. @entity9 should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained persistent @entity4 in @entity0 : early recognition and proper management may result in the prevention of potentially crippling sequelae.

title: XXXX in @entity0 and adolescents. Report of 18 cases and review of the literature.

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity9 is a well-recognized disorder in adults, but it is rarely diagnosed in the pediatric age group. This report summarizes our experience with this condition from 1975 to 1985. We diagnosed, treated, and followed up this condition in 18 @entity0 and adolescents. The condition usually followed @entity2 . The most prominent feature in all @entity0 was a constant @entity4 with episodes of paroxysmal exacerbation. The @entity4 was associated with two or more of the following: @entity1 , @entity6 or @entity8 , @entity5 or erythema, and, in severe cases, dystrophic skin changes and @entity7 . Roentgenograms were normal. Bone scans were helpful to exclude other possible causes of bone and joint @entity4 . @entity9 in @entity0 probably often goes unrecognized, sometimes being confused with @entity3 conditions such as conversion reaction and malingering. @entity9 should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained persistent @entity4 in @entity0 : early recognition and proper management may result in the prevention of potentially crippling sequelae.

title: @entity9 in XXXX and adolescents. Report of 18 cases and review of the literature.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A critical review of adjuvant therapies of @entity9 shows that this is a field of active clinical investigation. Unfortunately the results that have been achieved until now have not fulfilled the expectations. Neoadjuvant therapies of @entity7 of the esophagus and the anus in many cases lead to pathologically documented complete remissions. After a 10 years follow-up, it is evident that for @entity2 such pathological complete remissions translate into longterm remissions and eventually cures. The same conclusion, however, can not yet be drawn for @entity4 . The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity3 remains unclear. The results of the current FAM-studies are eagerly awaited. In @entity6 the combination of radiotherapy and @entity8 may probably prolong disease-free survival and survival for a limited time period. Many adjuvant studies have been done in @entity5 , without any conclusive data regarding the role of chemotherapy. Some indications point to biological response modifiers, immuno- and regional therapies to be effective in the adjuvant situation. The results of adjuvant chemotherapy in @entity1 after radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy are easier to judge. They show that some @entity0 profit from adjuvant therapy. But the most efficient combinations and the role of newer modalities remain to be elucidated (Fig. 8 a-8c).

title: [Adjuvant chemotherapy in XXXX of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT)].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present work was to study whether immunocytochemical parameters present in the normal ovary were altered after @entity0 development under high gonadotropin levels. METHODS: @entity2 ( @entity8 ): castrated female @entity1 had an ovary grafted into the spleen; @entity0 were left to develop for 1, 2, 3 or 7 months. The presence of apoptotic cells (TUNEL method) and the expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), gap junction protein ( @entity5 ), @entity7 ( @entity7 ), aromatase and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) were determined by immunocytochemistry. Some of these findings were confirmed by RT-PCR ( @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity6 ). Inhibin subunit mRNAs were investigated by Northern blot. RESULTS: @entity4 staining of @entity0 was mainly found in granulosa cells of transforming follicles and was absent from luteinized follicles. A nearly complete absence of apoptosis was observed. @entity5 was mainly found in follicles, while it was very weakly expressed or absent in luteinized follicles. @entity7 protein expression, indicating active steroidogenesis, was demonstrated only in luteinized follicles and in thecal cells, but was absent from granulosa cells. Aromatase immunoreactivity was very intense in granulosa and also present in luteal cells. Membrane-associated and cytoplasmic @entity6 immunostaining was determined in patches of endocrine cells in the follicles, as well as in the luteinized follicles. The expression of mRNAs for @entity5 , @entity7 and @entity6 (RT-PCR) and inhibin subunits (Northern blots) were confirmed in 1-, 3- and 7-month-old @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that @entity8 most likely develop from unruptured follicles by @entity3 and proliferation of follicular cells. Circulating gonadotropins seem to play a fundamental role in maintaining the expression of proteins typically expressed in normal ovary, while avoiding apoptosis in this tissue.

title: Development of an experimental XXXX : immunocytochemical analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Abnormal uterine @entity4 is the leading indication for discontinuation of long-term progestin-only contraceptives (LTPOCs). Histological sections of endometria from LTPOC-treated @entity0 display abnormally enlarged blood vessels at @entity4 sites. @entity8 , a trend toward reduced endometrial perfusion in LTPOC users has been reported in these @entity0 . We hypothesized that @entity3 /reperfusion-induced free radical production inhibits the expression of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), a vessel stabilizing factor, leaving unopposed the effects of endothelial @entity5 , a vessel-branching and permeability factor. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed selective decreases in stromal cell @entity9 in LTPOC-exposed endometrium. To indirectly assess whether LTPOC enhances endometrial free radical production, immunostaining was conducted for the phosphorylated form of the stress-activated kinases SAPK/JNK and @entity6 . These kinases were greatly increased in endometria from LTPOC-treated @entity0 . Interestingly, the endothelial cells but not the stromal cells displayed enhanced immunostaining for the phosphorylated mitogen-activated kinase (pMAPK) after LTPOC treatment. To further examine the effects of progestin, @entity3 , and reactive @entity1 species (ROS) on the regulation of @entity9 and @entity5 as well as the activation of MAPK, SAPK/JNK, and @entity6 by the relevant cell types, we conducted in vitro studies with cultured @entity0 endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) and @entity0 endometrial endothelial cells (HEECs). Cultures of HESCs were treated with vehicle control, @entity2 (E(2)), or with @entity10 +/- E(2) under @entity3 and normoxic conditions. Although @entity10 but not E(2) increased @entity9 expression, @entity3 greatly decreased @entity9 protein and mRNA expression. In contrast, HESCs did not appear to express @entity5 protein or mRNA. Conversely, cultured HEECs did not appear to express @entity9 , but expressed @entity5 , the levels of which were significantly increased by @entity3 . @entity3 also induced the phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK and @entity6 in both cultured HESCs and HEECs. Moreover, ROS such as that observed after @entity3 /reperfusion resulted in the activation of SAPK/JNK and @entity6 in HESCs and HEECs and inhibited @entity9 in cultured HESCs. These effects could be blocked by @entity1 radical scavengers. Consistent with the in vivo studies, MAPK was activated after ROS treatment in HEECs but not in HESCs. Our findings suggest that LTPOC-induced @entity7 as a result of @entity3 /reperfusion-induced free radicals that directly damage vessels and alter the balance of @entity9 and @entity5 to produce the characteristic enlarged and permeable vessels that are prone to @entity4 .

title: Abnormal uterine XXXX during progestin-only contraception may result from free radical-induced alterations in angiopoietin expression.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity7 is a new class Ic antiarrhythmic compound with a broad pharmacologic profile. In this study, its dose-response relationship was examined in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled five treatment parallel design protocol. @entity0 enrolled had @entity1 with Lown grade 2 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (greater than or equal to 30/hr) documented on 24-hour Holter recordings. @entity7 was compared in four doses (337.5, 450, 675, and 900 mg/day) to placebo. The double-blind phase lasted 2 weeks. Two hundred twenty-six @entity0 were enrolled, of whom 171 were @entity0 and 55 were @entity0 ; their mean age was 59.8 years and 85% were Caucasian and 4% were black. The @entity3 were symptomatic in 173. Twenty (8.8%) withdrew from the study before completion: 15 had adverse reactions, two had intercurrent illnesses, and three withdrew for administrative reasons. In one @entity0 , the density of @entity3 appeared to increase with @entity7 . Side effects were of central nervous system or gastrointestinal origin; less than 5% of @entity0 developed first-degree @entity2 or @entity6 . There were no deaths in the study. The occurrence of side effects was not related to dose. @entity7 had no effect on heart rate. It increased the PR interval at all doses (9% to 22% compared to placebo at baseline; p less than 0.01) at 450 to 900 mg/day after 2 weeks of therapy. The drug increased the QRS duration at all doses, highly significantly at 675 mg/day (8.5 msec; p less than 0.01) and at 900 mg/day (15.7 msec; p less than 0.01) after 2 weeks of therapy. Only at the highest dose was the QTc slightly but significantly (14.3 msec; p less than 0.01) increased. @entity7 exerted a dose-dependent effect on @entity5 recorded on serial 24-hour Holter recordings: compared to placebo, at 2 weeks 337.5 mg/day reduced @entity5 by 70.8% (p less than 0.05), 450 mg/day reduced @entity5 by 82.0% (p less than 0.01), 675 mg/day reduced @entity5 by 90.2% (p less than 0.01) and 900 mg/day reduced @entity5 by 95.3% (p less than 0.01). The effects of the two highest doses of @entity7 were significantly greater than those of 337.5 mg/day. In 68% of the @entity0 receiving 900 mg/day, 80% or greater reduction in total @entity5 was found. In addition, there was a greater than 90% decrease in ventricular couplets, and 96% decrease in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) beats. @entity7 eliminated @entity5 in 8% of all @entity0 , ventricular couplets in 58%, and @entity4 beats in 91%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Effects of @entity7 on XXXX : double-blind, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled dose-ranging study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 is a new class Ic antiarrhythmic compound with a broad pharmacologic profile. In this study, its dose-response relationship was examined in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled five treatment parallel design protocol. @entity0 enrolled had @entity1 with Lown grade 2 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (greater than or equal to 30/hr) documented on 24-hour Holter recordings. @entity7 was compared in four doses (337.5, 450, 675, and 900 mg/day) to placebo. The double-blind phase lasted 2 weeks. Two hundred twenty-six @entity0 were enrolled, of whom 171 were @entity0 and 55 were @entity0 ; their mean age was 59.8 years and 85% were Caucasian and 4% were black. The @entity3 were symptomatic in 173. Twenty (8.8%) withdrew from the study before completion: 15 had adverse reactions, two had intercurrent illnesses, and three withdrew for administrative reasons. In one @entity0 , the density of @entity3 appeared to increase with @entity7 . Side effects were of central nervous system or gastrointestinal origin; less than 5% of @entity0 developed first-degree @entity2 or @entity6 . There were no deaths in the study. The occurrence of side effects was not related to dose. @entity7 had no effect on heart rate. It increased the PR interval at all doses (9% to 22% compared to placebo at baseline; p less than 0.01) at 450 to 900 mg/day after 2 weeks of therapy. The drug increased the QRS duration at all doses, highly significantly at 675 mg/day (8.5 msec; p less than 0.01) and at 900 mg/day (15.7 msec; p less than 0.01) after 2 weeks of therapy. Only at the highest dose was the QTc slightly but significantly (14.3 msec; p less than 0.01) increased. @entity7 exerted a dose-dependent effect on @entity5 recorded on serial 24-hour Holter recordings: compared to placebo, at 2 weeks 337.5 mg/day reduced @entity5 by 70.8% (p less than 0.05), 450 mg/day reduced @entity5 by 82.0% (p less than 0.01), 675 mg/day reduced @entity5 by 90.2% (p less than 0.01) and 900 mg/day reduced @entity5 by 95.3% (p less than 0.01). The effects of the two highest doses of @entity7 were significantly greater than those of 337.5 mg/day. In 68% of the @entity0 receiving 900 mg/day, 80% or greater reduction in total @entity5 was found. In addition, there was a greater than 90% decrease in ventricular couplets, and 96% decrease in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) beats. @entity7 eliminated @entity5 in 8% of all @entity0 , ventricular couplets in 58%, and @entity4 beats in 91%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Effects of XXXX on @entity3 : double-blind, parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled dose-ranging study.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Both genetic and pharmacological studies raise the possibility that a primary increase in the amount or activity of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in adipocytes could play a role in common types of @entity0 @entity1 . Using real-time RT-PCR assays we examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and @entity3 isoform expression in freshly isolated @entity0 adipocytes. There were no consistent differences in the expression of either PPARgamma1 mRNA or PPARgamma2 mRNA between omental and sc adipocytes. In a group of 17 subjects (BMI range, 17-34 kg/m(2)) there was a strong and highly significant inverse correlation (r = -0.68; P < 0.005) between PPARgamma1 mRNA expression in adipocytes and BMI, whereas no significant relationship was apparent for PPARgamma2. In an independent study PPARgamma1 mRNA levels were decreased (1.1 +/- 0.1 vs. 3.7 +/- 0.8 arbitrary units; P < 0.01) in adipocytes from morbidly @entity1 (BMI, 50.6 +/- 14.1 kg/m(2)) vs. lean (BMI, 21.1 +/- 1.0 kg/m(2)) subjects. In contrast, there was a significant increase in the expression of PPARgamma2 mRNA levels between the morbidly @entity1 and lean groups (1.7 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.2 arbitrary units; P < 0.05). Treatment of isolated @entity0 adipocytes with @entity2 resulted in a significant decrease in both PPARgamma1 and PPARgamma2 mRNA levels [40.6 +/- 5.5% relative to control (P = 0.01) and 60.9 +/- 24.8% (P = 0.02) respectively]. The strong inverse relationship between BMI and PPARgamma1 expression in @entity0 adipocytes is striking and may represent part of an autoregulatory mechanism restraining the expansion of individual adipocytes in states of positive energy balance. On the other hand, the increase in PPARgamma2 observed in adipocytes of morbidly @entity1 individuals suggests a potential pathogenic effect of this isoform in promoting fat acquisition. Although an autocrine effect of the enhanced @entity2 secretion seen with increasing @entity1 might play a role in the changes in PPARgamma1, this would not provide an explanation for the different relationship of PPARgamma2 to adiposity. The significance of the divergent effect of @entity0 adiposity on the two isoforms will require a greater understanding of the differential properties of the two isoforms and of the differences in the functions of their respective regulatory elements.

title: Differential effects of adiposity on peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma1 and gamma2 messenger ribonucleic acid expression in XXXX adipocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The complete @entity0 sequence of the small, cryptic plasmid pWKS1 (2697 bp) of @entity5 DSM 11072 was determined. The G+C content of the sequence of this plasmid was 62 mol%. Analysis revealed that over 80% of the plasmid genome was covered by two ORFs, ORF1 and ORF2, which were capable of encoding putative peptides of 44.1 and 37.8 kDa, respectively. Mutational analysis showed that ORF2 was crucial for plasmid replication. The translational product of ORF2 shared local homologies with replication proteins of several theta-replicating lactococcal plasmids, as well as with the @entity6 proteins of plasmids residing in Gram-negative hosts. An A+T-rich region, located upstream of the @entity6 gene and containing three tandemly repeated 21 bp long iteron-like sequences, served as the origin of replication (oriV). ORF1 encoded a putative mobilization protein with similarities to mobilization proteins ( @entity7 ) from the broad-host-range plasmid pBBR1 and plasmids of Gram-positive bacteria. A plasmid bearing the @entity7 module of pWKS1 (the @entity7 gene and the oriT sequence) could be mobilized for transfer (by IncP RP4 transfer apparatus) at low frequency between different strains of @entity1 . @entity7 modules of pWKS1 and pBBR1 were functionally complementary to each other. Hybridization analysis revealed that only plasmid pSOV1 (6.5 kb), among all of the paracoccal plasmids identified so far, carries sequences related to pWKS1. Plasmid pWKS1 could replicate in 10 species of @entity5 and in @entity2 , @entity4 and @entity3 , but it could not replicate in @entity1 .

title: Molecular characterization of functional modules of plasmid pWKS1 of XXXX DSM 11072.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Biochemical and immunologic properties of the cytotoxin (leukotoxin) produced by @entity5 were examined. Crude, bacteria-free supernatants from logarithmic phase @entity5 were fractionated, using a series of column chromatographic techniques. Sequential anion exchange chromatography, gel-filtration chromatography, and chromatofocusing resulted in a cytotoxic substance (cytotoxin-C) of approximately 160 kilodaltons (kD), as determined by use of gel-filtration chromatography. @entity3 -gel electrophoresis of cytotoxin-C yielded 3 protein bands with relative mobilities of 0.37, 0.42, and 0.63. On the basis of immunoblotting with a cytotoxin-neutralizing @entity2 immunoglobulin for antigen detection, the 2 low-mobility bands shared a strong region of immunogenicity. Using @entity4 - @entity3 gel electrophoresis, principal protein constituents of cytotoxin-C were found at 160, 66, 57, and 23 kD. Using immunoblotting with cytotoxin-neutralizing immunoglobulin, strong, distinct reactions with the 66- and 57-kD bands were detected. Immunization of @entity1 and @entity0 with cytotoxin-C resulted in sera that reacted strongly with cytotoxin-C in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunodiffusion assays. The major immunogenic proteins also were detected by use of immunoblotting with anticytotoxin-C sera from @entity1 and @entity0 . Postinoculation @entity1 sera neutralized crude cytotoxin.

title: Chromatographic separation and characterization of XXXX cytotoxin.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Cultured primary @entity0 keratinocytes were screened for their expression of various members of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family. Keratinocytes were found to constitutively express @entity12 , @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity14 , and @entity9 but not @entity6 , @entity13 , @entity7 , @entity15 , or @entity16 as shown by polymerase chain reaction analysis. The expression of the crucial receptor for signaling of staphylococcal compounds @entity5 was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry, in contrast to @entity6 , which showed a negative staining pattern. Next, we analyzed the activation of the proinflammatory nuclear transcription factor kappaB by @entity2 8325-4. Using nuclear extract gel shifts, @entity11 staining, and luciferase reporter transfection plasmids we found a clear induction of nuclear factor kappaB translocation by the bacteria. This translocation induced the transcription of nuclear factor kappaB controlled genes such as inducible @entity3 synthetase, @entity4 , and @entity1 . Transcription of these genes was followed by production of increased amounts of @entity1 protein and NO. Inhibition experiments using monoclonal antibodies and the specific platelet activating factor receptor inhibitor @entity10 showed that nuclear factor kappaB activation by @entity2 was @entity5 but not @entity6 or platelet activating factor receptor dependent. In line, the purified staphylococcal cell wall components lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan, known to signal through @entity5 , also showed nuclear factor kappaB translocation in @entity0 keratinocytes, indicating a crucial role of the staphylococcal cell wall in the innate immune stimulation of @entity0 keratinocytes. These results help to explain the complex activation of @entity0 keratinocytes by @entity2 and its cell wall components in various inflammatory disorders of the skin.

title: Toll-like receptor expression in @entity0 keratinocytes: nuclear factor kappaB controlled gene activation by XXXX is toll-like receptor 2 but not toll-like receptor 4 or platelet activating factor receptor dependent.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Cultured primary @entity0 keratinocytes were screened for their expression of various members of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family. Keratinocytes were found to constitutively express @entity12 , @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity14 , and @entity9 but not @entity6 , @entity13 , @entity7 , @entity15 , or @entity16 as shown by polymerase chain reaction analysis. The expression of the crucial receptor for signaling of staphylococcal compounds @entity5 was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry, in contrast to @entity6 , which showed a negative staining pattern. Next, we analyzed the activation of the proinflammatory nuclear transcription factor kappaB by @entity2 8325-4. Using nuclear extract gel shifts, @entity11 staining, and luciferase reporter transfection plasmids we found a clear induction of nuclear factor kappaB translocation by the bacteria. This translocation induced the transcription of nuclear factor kappaB controlled genes such as inducible @entity3 synthetase, @entity4 , and @entity1 . Transcription of these genes was followed by production of increased amounts of @entity1 protein and NO. Inhibition experiments using monoclonal antibodies and the specific platelet activating factor receptor inhibitor @entity10 showed that nuclear factor kappaB activation by @entity2 was @entity5 but not @entity6 or platelet activating factor receptor dependent. In line, the purified staphylococcal cell wall components lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan, known to signal through @entity5 , also showed nuclear factor kappaB translocation in @entity0 keratinocytes, indicating a crucial role of the staphylococcal cell wall in the innate immune stimulation of @entity0 keratinocytes. These results help to explain the complex activation of @entity0 keratinocytes by @entity2 and its cell wall components in various inflammatory disorders of the skin.

title: Toll-like receptor expression in XXXX keratinocytes: nuclear factor kappaB controlled gene activation by @entity2 is toll-like receptor 2 but not toll-like receptor 4 or platelet activating factor receptor dependent.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 oncoprotein is a transcription factor known to regulate the expression of numerous genes important in extracellular matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Up-regulation of @entity9 has been shown to be important in a variety of @entity0 @entity1 and to correlate with prognosis. To our knowledge, this oncoprotein has not been examined in @entity4 . DESIGN: A series of 26 primary cutaneous @entity2 with @entity0 records were independently examined for diagnosis confirmation and immunohistochemical expression by two dermatopathologists. The immunohistochemical expression for @entity9 (Novocastra, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England, UK) was scored by an average of the mean labeling intensity (MLI), where no nuclear staining = 0, weak nuclear staining = 1, moderate nuclear staining = 2, and strong nuclear staining = 3. RESULTS: All @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) cases exhibited negative nuclear staining, for an average MLI of 0. @entity8 , @entity3 in situ (SIS), and well-differentiated @entity3 ( @entity3 ) exhibited negative to weak nuclear staining, for an average MLI of 0.4 +/- 0.3. Moderately differentiated @entity3 exhibited moderate nuclear staining, for an average MLI of 1.8 +/- 0.6. Poorly differentiated @entity3 and metastatic @entity3 exhibited very strong nuclear staining, with an average MLI of 2.8 +/- 0.2. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9 is not expressed in cutaneous @entity5 or @entity6 and is weakly expressed in SIS and forms of well-differentiated @entity7 . Although the intensity of @entity9 immunostaining distinguished between well-differentiated and poorly differentiated @entity7 (p < 0.0001), it failed to discriminate between in situ and well-differentiated @entity3 . The preliminary data suggests @entity9 may be important in the pathogenesis of invasive @entity7 .

title: @entity9 immunohistochemical expression in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 oncoprotein is a transcription factor known to regulate the expression of numerous genes important in extracellular matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Up-regulation of @entity9 has been shown to be important in a variety of @entity0 @entity1 and to correlate with prognosis. To our knowledge, this oncoprotein has not been examined in @entity4 . DESIGN: A series of 26 primary cutaneous @entity2 with @entity0 records were independently examined for diagnosis confirmation and immunohistochemical expression by two dermatopathologists. The immunohistochemical expression for @entity9 (Novocastra, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England, UK) was scored by an average of the mean labeling intensity (MLI), where no nuclear staining = 0, weak nuclear staining = 1, moderate nuclear staining = 2, and strong nuclear staining = 3. RESULTS: All @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) cases exhibited negative nuclear staining, for an average MLI of 0. @entity8 , @entity3 in situ (SIS), and well-differentiated @entity3 ( @entity3 ) exhibited negative to weak nuclear staining, for an average MLI of 0.4 +/- 0.3. Moderately differentiated @entity3 exhibited moderate nuclear staining, for an average MLI of 1.8 +/- 0.6. Poorly differentiated @entity3 and metastatic @entity3 exhibited very strong nuclear staining, with an average MLI of 2.8 +/- 0.2. CONCLUSIONS: @entity9 is not expressed in cutaneous @entity5 or @entity6 and is weakly expressed in SIS and forms of well-differentiated @entity7 . Although the intensity of @entity9 immunostaining distinguished between well-differentiated and poorly differentiated @entity7 (p < 0.0001), it failed to discriminate between in situ and well-differentiated @entity3 . The preliminary data suggests @entity9 may be important in the pathogenesis of invasive @entity7 .

title: XXXX immunohistochemical expression in @entity4 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Procollagen (PC) is secreted by fibroblasts into the extracellular matrix, where it is cleaved to form collagen. The rat anti-human @entity10 monoclonal antibody has been reported to react with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), a poorly differentiated but usually benign @entity3 common in elderly @entity0 . We have studied @entity10 staining in 50 @entity1 with @entity6 histological features (four of which were subsequently reclassified as non- @entity6 @entity1 ) to confirm this prior observation. In addition, we have investigated @entity10 in other @entity7 , particularly those with spindled cell or sclerosing/desmoplastic morphologies. METHOD: Archival material was retrieved and sections were prepared and immunostained with @entity10 as well as a panel of antibodies, including @entity9 and MNF-116 (cytokeratins 5, 6, 7, 8, 17, and 19). RESULTS: @entity10 staining was strongly positive in 40 of 46 (87%) AFXs. Three AFXs displayed weak staining with @entity10 even after repeat staining of 10 @entity1 that were initially weak. Three additional @entity1 stained with both @entity10 and were classified as @entity6 -like @entity5 ( @entity5 ). One @entity1 with @entity6 -like histology was @entity10 negative and @entity9 positive and was classified as an @entity6 -like @entity4 . Positive staining in @entity1 cells was observed in three of nine (33%) @entity4 , three of eight (38%) desmoplastic SCCs, zero of 10 (0%) @entity11 , zero of 10 (0%) morpheic @entity8 , and zero of 10 (0%) sclerosing sweat duct @entity2 . CONCLUSION: @entity10 is a useful antibody in a diagnostic immunohistochemical panel when investigating @entity6 and @entity6 -like @entity1 ; however, good technical quality and careful interpretation are necessary when using a panel of antibodies, particularly to keratin and @entity9 protein, for optimal accuracy.

title: Procollagen 1 expression in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of this study was to review the long-term results of cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of advanced primary and recurrent @entity1 and @entity2 of the peritoneum. Our goal was to identify clinical factors by which to select @entity0 likely to benefit from a comprehensive management plan. Clinical data of 28 females who underwent surgery were retrieved from a prospective database. Major cytoreductive procedures were possible in 25 @entity0 . Heated intraoperative or early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy was also used where appropriate. The median follow-up after cytoreduction was 26.9 months. The overall median survival after cytoreduction was 45.8 months. The prognostic indicators associated with a statistically significant impact on survival were the Prior Surgery Score (P < 0.001), the @entity3 Score (P = 0.037) and response to chemotherapy prior to surgery (P = 0.012). Our findings suggest that cytoreductive surgery can be effective when combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Results can be improved by excluding cases where completeness of cytoreduction seems unlikely. Extensive prior surgery without the protection of adjunctive intraperitoneal chemotherapy is associated with a poor prognosis. This may be due to disruption of anatomic planes leading to deep abdominal and pelvic dissemination intractable to further treatment.

title: Long-term results of cytoreductive surgery for advanced and recurrent XXXX and @entity2 of the peritoneum.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of this study was to review the long-term results of cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of advanced primary and recurrent @entity1 and @entity2 of the peritoneum. Our goal was to identify clinical factors by which to select @entity0 likely to benefit from a comprehensive management plan. Clinical data of 28 females who underwent surgery were retrieved from a prospective database. Major cytoreductive procedures were possible in 25 @entity0 . Heated intraoperative or early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy was also used where appropriate. The median follow-up after cytoreduction was 26.9 months. The overall median survival after cytoreduction was 45.8 months. The prognostic indicators associated with a statistically significant impact on survival were the Prior Surgery Score (P < 0.001), the @entity3 Score (P = 0.037) and response to chemotherapy prior to surgery (P = 0.012). Our findings suggest that cytoreductive surgery can be effective when combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Results can be improved by excluding cases where completeness of cytoreduction seems unlikely. Extensive prior surgery without the protection of adjunctive intraperitoneal chemotherapy is associated with a poor prognosis. This may be due to disruption of anatomic planes leading to deep abdominal and pelvic dissemination intractable to further treatment.

title: Long-term results of cytoreductive surgery for advanced and recurrent @entity1 and XXXX of the peritoneum.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Nineteen fractured vertebral bodies involving the spine from C1 to L2 in 14 @entity0 were imaged with a 0.6-T magnet using prototypical surface coils. Ten of these @entity0 were studied within the first week of @entity1 . CT and plain films are superior to MR in detecting @entity2 and identifying the origin of displaced fragments in cases of extensive comminution. However, all body @entity2 and most posterior element @entity2 in the thoracolumbar spine were visible on MR. @entity2 involving the cervical neural arch were difficult to detect on transverse section without CT correlation. Our results indicate that MR can probably replace CT in the thoracolumbar region. MR is superior to CT in demonstrating @entity1 and @entity1 to the disk. Unlike CT, MR shows the relation of the thecal sac and spinal cord to retropulsed fragments and @entity4 . MR also visualizes cord parenchyma; two cases of @entity3 were not seen on CT. Even at this early stage of development, surface coil MR promises to become important in the evaluation of spinal @entity1 , not only in assessing the integrity of the spinal canal and cord, but in separating stable from unstable @entity2 on the basis of disruption of the posterior ligaments and elements. Additionally, the demonstration of rupture of specific ligaments may have an impact on surgical management.

title: Surface coil MR of spinal XXXX : preliminary experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The kinetics of @entity2 , a new nonionic radiocontrast agent, were evaluated in 10 @entity0 undergoing lumbar myelography. The doses of @entity2 administered intrathecally were 11 and 15 ml of a 200-mg @entity1 per ml solution in one and nine @entity0 , respectively. Radiographs were made within 30 to 40 min and CTs were taken at about 1, 6, and 23 hr after @entity2 administration. The diagnostic quality and usefulness of the conventional and CT myelograms were considered excellent. In the lumbosacral subarachnoid space, the densitometry CT readings were maximal at 1 hr, whereas in the cervical subarachnoid space, peak CT values were reached at 6 hr. Plasma and urine samples were taken at frequent intervals up to 48 hr after the contrast agent was administered. Peak plasma levels of @entity2 were observed at 2.9 hr and were no longer detectable at 48 hr. The 48-hr urinary recovery for all @entity0 averaged 66 +/- 8% of the dose. In all but one @entity0 , @entity2 was cleared almost completely from the CSF within 24 hr. Side effects after @entity2 administration were transient and minor, and were not related to the CT readings or its systemic clearance.

title: Pharmacokinetics of lopamidol after intrathecal administration in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Clinical observations are presented on the sensory effects of lesions of different afferent pathways of the spinal cord, correlated whenever possible with histological evidence of the location and extent of the lesions. They are based on personal cases and on significant cases in the literature, including posterior column section, other causes of damage to the posterior columns, and cases of commissural myelotomy. It is concluded that the traditional view of the effects of lesions of the posterior columns is correct, but that evidence from cases proved by postmortem examination is still needed. When the information normally supplied by the posterior columns is cut off, primary sensibility for light touch and pressure is not lost, but any kind of discrimination is disturbed. There is also a disturbance in knowledge of movement and position, @entity4 , and clumsiness in the use of the hands. These defects greatly affect the palpatory examination of objects and, although they may appear slight on routine neurological examination, they can cause severe disturbances in the activities of daily living. For tactile modalities, a lesion of the spinothalamic complex causes minimal or no defects and a lesion of the posterior columns causes only slight defects, whereas a lesion of both pathways gives rise to total loss of tactile and pressure sensibility in the part of the body served by both pathways. This conclusion is based on 2 cases with combined commissural myelotomy and anterolateral cordotomy. The following disturbances of mechanoreception attributed to lesions of the posterior columns are discussed: lability of threshold, persistence of sensation, tactile and postural @entity3 and temporal and @entity1 . In @entity0 , lesions of the posterior columns cause an increase in @entity2 , tickle, warmth and cold. Cases are presented with and without lesions of the posterolateral columns in conjunction with lesions of one or both anterolateral columns. As these lesions did not affect sensation and as there was no difference in the sensory state following anterolateral cordotomies with or without involvement of the posterolateral column, it is concluded that lesions of this column have no effect on sensation. Cases with lesions of the anterior two-thirds of the cord are also presented to illustrate the sensory state with only the posterior third of the cord intact. In these cases, tactile and pressure sensibility and knowledge of movement and position are normal.

title: Sensory effects in XXXX of lesions of the posterior columns and of some other afferent pathways.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The indirect morbidity/disability costs of @entity0 may be rising as a consequence of the growth in the population of long-term survivors. This study was conducted to test whether @entity1 who have survived @entity0 for at least 5 years experience long-lasting or continuing economic consequences that are attributable to their disease. DESCRIPTION OF STUDY: A group of 105 @entity1 who initially had been treated for @entity0 approximately 5 years before were interviewed to obtain data on economic, demographic, and health changes in the period since diagnosis. An age-matched and work-matched group of 105 @entity1 without @entity2 also was interviewed to obtain the same data for the same time period. Key changes in the economic position of subjects and their families were measured, including changes in work effort, pay rates, and annual earnings of working @entity1 and changes in household earnings, income, and assets of all @entity1 . RESULTS: These preliminary empirical findings suggest that @entity0 exacts an economic toll from long-term survivors. In particular, survivors who were working at the time of their diagnosis experienced significantly larger reductions in annual market earnings over the 5-year study period than did working control subjects. These losses appear to arise mostly from reduced work effort, not changes in pay rates. Also, changes in total household earnings were lower for survivors, suggesting the presence of family adjustments to the disease. However, no significant differences were detected between the groups in changes in total income or assets over the study period. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Clinicians and policy makers must seek ways to minimize the indirect economic losses that are attributable to @entity0 .

title: Indirect economic effects of long-term XXXX survival.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a minimally invasive intervention for @entity1 . Complications, which are rare and usually presented as case reports, are diversified as the utilization of the procedure is expanded. The procedure causes less @entity3 and less morbidity when compared to open surgical procedures. Yet, there are some reports involving severe @entity5 and relevant morbidity during surgery. These are usually related with the surgical technique or experience of the surgeon. Renal sheaths are designed to cause minimal @entity2 inside the kidney and, to our knowledge, there are no reports presenting the @entity4 of a sheath causing severe @entity5 during the procedure. CASE REPORT: We present an adult @entity0 who had severe @entity5 during percutaneous nephrolithotomy due to @entity2 caused by a @entity1 . During retrieval, due probably to rough handling of the equipment, a piece of stone with serrated edges ruptured the tip of the sheath, and this tip caused damage inside the kidney. The operation was terminated and measures were taken to control @entity5 . The @entity0 was transfused with a total of 1600 ml of blood, and the stones were cleared in a second look operation. CONCLUSION: Although considered to be a minimally invasive procedure, some unexpected complications may arise during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. After being fragmanted, stone pieces may damage surgical equipment, causing acute and severe harm to the kidney. Surgeons must manipulate the equipment with fine and careful movements in order to prevent this situation.

title: Severe XXXX caused by a @entity1 : case report of a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a minimally invasive intervention for @entity1 . Complications, which are rare and usually presented as case reports, are diversified as the utilization of the procedure is expanded. The procedure causes less @entity3 and less morbidity when compared to open surgical procedures. Yet, there are some reports involving severe @entity5 and relevant morbidity during surgery. These are usually related with the surgical technique or experience of the surgeon. Renal sheaths are designed to cause minimal @entity2 inside the kidney and, to our knowledge, there are no reports presenting the @entity4 of a sheath causing severe @entity5 during the procedure. CASE REPORT: We present an adult @entity0 who had severe @entity5 during percutaneous nephrolithotomy due to @entity2 caused by a @entity1 . During retrieval, due probably to rough handling of the equipment, a piece of stone with serrated edges ruptured the tip of the sheath, and this tip caused damage inside the kidney. The operation was terminated and measures were taken to control @entity5 . The @entity0 was transfused with a total of 1600 ml of blood, and the stones were cleared in a second look operation. CONCLUSION: Although considered to be a minimally invasive procedure, some unexpected complications may arise during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. After being fragmanted, stone pieces may damage surgical equipment, causing acute and severe harm to the kidney. Surgeons must manipulate the equipment with fine and careful movements in order to prevent this situation.

title: Severe @entity1 caused by a XXXX : case report of a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: An increased heart rate is associated with an increased risk of @entity3 . However, the possible relationship between heart rate and the rate of progression of @entity2 has not been assessed so far. @entity0 AND METHOD: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate recordings at baseline conditions were obtained in 24 @entity0 with non- @entity1 @entity5 and @entity4 . The rate of progression of @entity2 was estimated on the basis of the slope of the reciprocal of serum @entity8 concentration against time. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 38 months, the rate of progression of @entity5 was 0.004 (0.039) dL/mg/month. Progression of @entity2 showed no correlation with baseline ambulatory @entity6 , and did not differ between dipper and non-dipper @entity0 . Twenty-four-hour (r = 0.40, p = 0.05) and day-time (r = 0.534, p = 0.007) heart rates showed a relationship with the progression of @entity5 . @entity7 displayed a correlation with night-time heart rate (r = 0.405, p = 0.05) but not with the progression of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Baseline ambulatory heart rate, especially day-time heart rate, is associated with the decline of renal function in non- @entity1 @entity0 with @entity5 , suggesting that heart rate is a risk factor (or marker) for @entity2 . Prospective controlled studies with a larger sample of @entity0 are needed to confirm these findings and to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in this association.

title: [Analysis of heart rate as a risk factor associated with the progression of XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: To evaluate immediate effects of two different modes of acupuncture on motion-related @entity1 and cervical spine mobility in @entity2 @entity0 compared to a sham procedure. Thirty-six @entity0 with @entity2 and limited cervical spine mobility participated in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled crossover trial. Every @entity0 was treated once with needle acupuncture at distant points, dry needling (DN) of local myofascial trigger points and sham laser acupuncture (Sham). Outcome measures were motion-related @entity1 intensity (visual analogue scale, 0-100 mm) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). In addition, @entity0 scored changes of general complaints using an 11-point verbal rating scale. @entity0 were assessed immediately before and after each treatment by an independent (blinded) investigator. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the effects of true acupuncture and needle site independently. For motion-related @entity1 , use of acupuncture at non-local points reduced @entity1 scores by about a third (11.2 mm; 95% CI 5.7, 16.7; P = 0.00006) compared to DN and sham. DN led to an estimated @entity1 .0 mm (95% CI -4.5, 6.5; P = 0.7). Use of DN slightly improved @entity3 by 1.7 degrees (95% CI 0.2, 3.2; P = 0.032) with use of non-local points improving @entity3 by an additional 1.9 degrees (95% CI 0.3, 3.4; P = 0.016). For @entity0 assessment of change, non-local acupuncture was significantly superior both to Sham (1.7 points; 95% CI 1.0, 2.5; P = 0.0001) and DN (1.5 points; 95% CI 0.4, 2.6; P = 0.008) but there was no difference between DN and Sham (0.1 point; 95% CI -1.0, 1.2; P = 0.8). Acupuncture is superior to Sham in improving motion-related @entity1 and @entity3 following a single session of treatment in @entity2 @entity0 . Acupuncture at distant points improves @entity3 more than DN; DN was ineffective for motion-related @entity1 .

title: Immediate effects of dry needling and acupuncture at distant points in XXXX : results of a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled crossover trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: When inserted in the correct orientation at the BamHI site of plasmid YRp7, an 8.6-kilobase BamHI fragment of Arthrobacter sp. strain YCWD3 DNA gave @entity1 HB101 cells harboring the recombinant plasmid pBX20 the ability to lyse @entity0 cell walls or @entity0 glucan in agar medium. An extract of the transformed @entity1 cells contained an endo-beta-(1----3)-glucanase with the same activity pattern as that of glucanase I produced by Arthrobacter sp. strain YCWD3. Although part of the glucanase activity was contributed by apparently defective molecules, two protein species were found which had high lytic activity on @entity0 cell walls and adsorbed to microcrystalline cellulose, and both had a single constituent polypeptide with a molecular weight of about 55,000, as determined by @entity3 - @entity2 gel electrophoresis. In these properties the protein species were indistinguishable from those glucanase I protein species of Arthrobacter sp. strain YCWD3 which we believe are nearly the intact molecule. We conclude that the cloned fragment of Arthrobacter sp. strain YCWD3 DNA contains the structural gene for glucanase I. A recombinant plasmid obtained by subcloning a PstI fragment of pBX20 into pBR322 caused the transformed @entity1 cells to produce apparently defective glucanase molecules only. This observation serves as additional supporting evidence for our conclusion.

title: Cloning and expression in XXXX of the gene for an Arthrobacter beta-(1----3)-glucanase.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 causes @entity3 and certain physical changes in the lens. The @entity1 lens is larger than the non- @entity1 and shows greater light scatter and fluorescence. Both hyperglycaemia and lowering of blood @entity4 case refractive changes and @entity11 is the most common. @entity7 ' juvenile @entity3 associated with hyperglycaemia is now rare. It has an osmotic mechanism. @entity1 is a risk factor for @entity3 in adults which is duration dependent, more frequent in @entity0 and leads to earlier surgery. It resembles @entity1 . Extracapsular @entity3 extraction is the method of choice for @entity1 with a better visual result and less risk of @entity9 . A posterior chamber implant may still permit @entity10 if necessary. @entity1 is still the leading cause of @entity8 in the working age group. The beneficial effect of photocoagulation has been shown by randomized controlled trials to be long-lasting for both @entity5 and @entity6 . Therefore there is a need for screening, especially for those with @entity2 which may be present without symptoms. A knowledge of risk factors will enhance detection rate with duration as the strongest determinant for @entity5 . Any screening modality should be highly sensitive as well as specific. The role of different professionals as potential screeners should be considered. Adequate provisions include facilities for checking vision and for dimming ambient lighting. @entity12 and a good ophthalmoscope light will increase detection rate. The use of a 45 degrees non-mydriatic camera is unlikely to supplant the use of an ophthalmoscope as a single field is likely to miss important lesions. A 60 degrees camera may confer a large enough field and the use of transparencies will provide magnification when films are projected but the camera is more difficult to use. A list of features chosen by a recent study to characterize sight-threatening @entity5 is included and their presence indicates the need for referral to an ophthalmic clinic for treatment or close observation.

title: XXXX and @entity5 : screening for treatable @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 causes @entity3 and certain physical changes in the lens. The @entity1 lens is larger than the non- @entity1 and shows greater light scatter and fluorescence. Both hyperglycaemia and lowering of blood @entity4 case refractive changes and @entity11 is the most common. @entity7 ' juvenile @entity3 associated with hyperglycaemia is now rare. It has an osmotic mechanism. @entity1 is a risk factor for @entity3 in adults which is duration dependent, more frequent in @entity0 and leads to earlier surgery. It resembles @entity1 . Extracapsular @entity3 extraction is the method of choice for @entity1 with a better visual result and less risk of @entity9 . A posterior chamber implant may still permit @entity10 if necessary. @entity1 is still the leading cause of @entity8 in the working age group. The beneficial effect of photocoagulation has been shown by randomized controlled trials to be long-lasting for both @entity5 and @entity6 . Therefore there is a need for screening, especially for those with @entity2 which may be present without symptoms. A knowledge of risk factors will enhance detection rate with duration as the strongest determinant for @entity5 . Any screening modality should be highly sensitive as well as specific. The role of different professionals as potential screeners should be considered. Adequate provisions include facilities for checking vision and for dimming ambient lighting. @entity12 and a good ophthalmoscope light will increase detection rate. The use of a 45 degrees non-mydriatic camera is unlikely to supplant the use of an ophthalmoscope as a single field is likely to miss important lesions. A 60 degrees camera may confer a large enough field and the use of transparencies will provide magnification when films are projected but the camera is more difficult to use. A list of features chosen by a recent study to characterize sight-threatening @entity5 is included and their presence indicates the need for referral to an ophthalmic clinic for treatment or close observation.

title: @entity3 and XXXX : screening for treatable @entity5 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity1 causes @entity3 and certain physical changes in the lens. The @entity1 lens is larger than the non- @entity1 and shows greater light scatter and fluorescence. Both hyperglycaemia and lowering of blood @entity4 case refractive changes and @entity11 is the most common. @entity7 ' juvenile @entity3 associated with hyperglycaemia is now rare. It has an osmotic mechanism. @entity1 is a risk factor for @entity3 in adults which is duration dependent, more frequent in @entity0 and leads to earlier surgery. It resembles @entity1 . Extracapsular @entity3 extraction is the method of choice for @entity1 with a better visual result and less risk of @entity9 . A posterior chamber implant may still permit @entity10 if necessary. @entity1 is still the leading cause of @entity8 in the working age group. The beneficial effect of photocoagulation has been shown by randomized controlled trials to be long-lasting for both @entity5 and @entity6 . Therefore there is a need for screening, especially for those with @entity2 which may be present without symptoms. A knowledge of risk factors will enhance detection rate with duration as the strongest determinant for @entity5 . Any screening modality should be highly sensitive as well as specific. The role of different professionals as potential screeners should be considered. Adequate provisions include facilities for checking vision and for dimming ambient lighting. @entity12 and a good ophthalmoscope light will increase detection rate. The use of a 45 degrees non-mydriatic camera is unlikely to supplant the use of an ophthalmoscope as a single field is likely to miss important lesions. A 60 degrees camera may confer a large enough field and the use of transparencies will provide magnification when films are projected but the camera is more difficult to use. A list of features chosen by a recent study to characterize sight-threatening @entity5 is included and their presence indicates the need for referral to an ophthalmic clinic for treatment or close observation.

title: @entity3 and @entity5 : screening for treatable XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: We completed a Phase I/II clinical trial (Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center 9603), in which we treated 62 Stage IIIA/IIIB inoperable @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 with two cycles of induction @entity7 / @entity5 chemotherapy, followed by concurrent weekly @entity7 / @entity5 with radiation doses escalated from 60 to 74 Gy. The median survival of 24 months, 3-year survival rate of 38%, and the high dose of radiation used justified a critical analysis of the technical and clinical components of this trial. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1996 and 1999, 62 sequential @entity0 with inoperable Stage IIIA/IIIB @entity4 were enrolled and treated with two cycles of induction @entity7 (area under the concentration curve = 6 using the Calvert equation) and @entity5 (225 mg/m(2)), followed by an escalating radiation dose of 60-74 Gy with concurrent @entity7 weekly (area under the concentration curve = 2) and @entity5 weekly (45 mg/m(2)). The goals of the trial were to determine whether 74 Gy of radiation could be safely delivered under these circumstances and whether @entity0 could potentially benefit in terms of survival. The radiation treatment plans for all 62 @entity0 were reviewed to determine the prechemotherapy and postchemotherapy @entity1 volume, as well as the dose-volume histograms of the normal lung and esophagus. RESULTS: Of the 62 @entity0 who entered the trial, 48 completed the entire course of treatment. At last follow-up, 20 @entity0 were alive (crude survival rate 32%). With a median follow-up of 43 months, the median survival was 24 months. The survival rate was 50% at 2 years and 38% at 3 years. Cox regression analysis showed that survival was best predicted by whether the @entity0 had received radiotherapy (finished the trial), performance status, disease stage, and log postchemotherapy @entity1 volume. The 3-year survival rate for the 48 @entity0 finishing the trial was 45%. Eight @entity0 (13%) suffered locoregional relapse as the only site of failure. Only 1 @entity0 had Grade 2 radiation @entity2 . Five @entity0 (8%) had Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Grade 3 or 4 @entity6 ; 40 (65%) had a Grade 1 or 2 @entity6 . @entity3 could be predicted by the length of esophagus receiving 40 or 60 Gy. CONCLUSION: Radiation doses of 74 Gy, when given under the guidelines of the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center 9603, appear to be safe and may possibly contribute to increased survival in @entity0 with inoperable Stage IIIA/IIIB @entity4 .

title: High-dose conformal radiotherapy for treatment of stage IIIA/IIIB XXXX : technical issues and results of a phase I/II trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: This Phase III study was performed to determine whether chemotherapy plus b.i.d. or q.d. radiotherapy (RT) resulted in superior survival for @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity5 ). METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity0 with @entity1 and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of <or=1 were randomized to receive either standard q.d. RT (60 Gy in 30 daily fractions) or split-course b.i.d. RT (30 Gy in 20 fractions b.i.d.) followed by a 2-week break and then 30 Gy in 20 fractions b.i.d. Both arms included @entity7 and @entity4 (EP) during RT. RESULTS: Between December 1994 and February 1999, 246 @entity0 were accrued and 234 were deemed eligible and included in the analyses. Of the 234 @entity0 , 123 had Stage IIIa disease and 111 had @entity1 . The incidence of severe (Grade 3 or greater) acute nonhematologic @entity2 (q.d. RT, 53% vs. b.i.d. RT, 65%) and severe (Grade 3 or greater) hematologic @entity2 ( @entity3 , 41% q.d. RT vs. 39% b.i.d. RT; @entity6 , 80% q.d. RT vs. 81% b.i.d. RT) was not significantly different between the treatment arms. Five @entity0 (3 in q.d. RT group and 2 in b.i.d. RT group) died as a result of acute @entity2 . The follow-up ranged from 2 to 73 months (median 43). No significant differences were found between the q.d. and b.i.d. RT arms in terms of time to progression (p = 0.9; median 9.4 and 9.6 months, respectively), overall survival (p = 0.4; median 14 and 15 months and 2-year survival rate 37% and 40%, respectively), and cumulative incidence of local failure (p = 0.6; 2-year rate 45% and 41%, respectively). CONCLUSION: This program of split-course b.i.d. RT plus EP was not superior to standard q.d. RT plus EP. The @entity2 , @entity1 control, and survival rates were similar with either b.i.d. or q.d. RT. Our future efforts will concentrate on new combinations of systemic therapy and innovative methods of administering increasing doses of RT.

title: Phase III trial comparing chemotherapy plus once-daily or twice-daily radiotherapy in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: During adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for @entity1 , @entity0 receiving @entity5 ( @entity5 ) by protracted venous infusion have a higher risk of @entity3 than have @entity0 receiving bolus @entity5 . @entity2 from a previously reported randomized clinical trial was analyzed to quantify the difference in this risk. Additionally, the persistence of @entity3 after RT was analyzed. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 656 @entity0 were eligible. @entity0 with T3-4 N0-2 M0 or T1-2 N1-2 M0 resected, high-risk @entity1 were randomly allocated to receive @entity5 by either protracted venous infusion or bolus during RT (50.4-54.0 Gy). Two cycles of bolus @entity5 were given before and after RT. One-half of the first 445 @entity0 were also randomly allocated to receive lomustine in conjunction with the bolus @entity5 . The incidence and severity of @entity3 in relation to @entity0 and treatment characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS: The rate of @entity3 was significantly greater in @entity0 receiving @entity5 by protracted venous infusion than in @entity0 receiving bolus @entity5 ; the difference was most pronounced for Grade 3 (severe) @entity3 (21% versus 13%, p = 0.007). The incidence and magnitude of @entity3 before and after RT were similar. @entity0 treated with an anterior resection had a higher rate of severe or life-threatening @entity3 than did @entity0 treated with an abdominoperineal resection (31% vs. 12%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: During @entity4 , @entity0 who receive @entity5 by protracted venous infusion rather than by bolus have a higher risk of severe or life-threatening @entity3 during RT. This risk does not appear to persist during chemotherapy after completion of @entity4 .

title: Acute XXXX during adjuvant therapy for @entity1 : a detailed analysis from a randomized intergroup trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: During adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for @entity1 , @entity0 receiving @entity5 ( @entity5 ) by protracted venous infusion have a higher risk of @entity3 than have @entity0 receiving bolus @entity5 . @entity2 from a previously reported randomized clinical trial was analyzed to quantify the difference in this risk. Additionally, the persistence of @entity3 after RT was analyzed. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 656 @entity0 were eligible. @entity0 with T3-4 N0-2 M0 or T1-2 N1-2 M0 resected, high-risk @entity1 were randomly allocated to receive @entity5 by either protracted venous infusion or bolus during RT (50.4-54.0 Gy). Two cycles of bolus @entity5 were given before and after RT. One-half of the first 445 @entity0 were also randomly allocated to receive lomustine in conjunction with the bolus @entity5 . The incidence and severity of @entity3 in relation to @entity0 and treatment characteristics were evaluated. RESULTS: The rate of @entity3 was significantly greater in @entity0 receiving @entity5 by protracted venous infusion than in @entity0 receiving bolus @entity5 ; the difference was most pronounced for Grade 3 (severe) @entity3 (21% versus 13%, p = 0.007). The incidence and magnitude of @entity3 before and after RT were similar. @entity0 treated with an anterior resection had a higher rate of severe or life-threatening @entity3 than did @entity0 treated with an abdominoperineal resection (31% vs. 12%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: During @entity4 , @entity0 who receive @entity5 by protracted venous infusion rather than by bolus have a higher risk of severe or life-threatening @entity3 during RT. This risk does not appear to persist during chemotherapy after completion of @entity4 .

title: Acute @entity3 during adjuvant therapy for XXXX : a detailed analysis from a randomized intergroup trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: This investigation examined the effect of 5 different cements on the retention strength of prefabricated endodontic dowels placed into root canals previously obturated with gutta percha and a @entity0 / @entity1 (ZOE) sealer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six single-rooted teeth were decoronated, filed, cleaned, sequentially shaped, and divided into 6 groups of 16 specimens each. Five of the groups were then obturated with gutta percha and a ZOE sealer. One group was not obturated and served as the control group. Dowel space preparation and dowel cementation for all groups were completed 1 week later. Ten-mm deep dowel spaces were prepared using size 6 Gates Glidden drills. Size 5 Paraposts were then cemented with 5 different cements: Panavia 21 for group 1 (unobturated controls) and group 2; Ketac-Cem glass ionomer for group 3; Fleck's @entity2 for group 4; Parapost (composite) Cement for group 5; and C_B Metabond @entity3 for group 6. After 48 hours, the dowels were removed using a universal testing machine in tensile mode at 1 mm min(-1). RESULTS: The following results were found (all values in kg): group 1 (controls; Panavia 21) mean = 61.81, 95% CI = +/-8.65; group 2 (Panavia 21), mean=43.15, 95% CI = +/-7.81; group 3 (Ketac-Cem), mean =34.45, 95% CI = +/-4.93; group 4 ( @entity2 ), mean = 25.07, 95% CI = +/-5.03; group 5 (Parapost Cement), mean = 24.99, 95% CI = +/-5.35. None of the group 6 (C_B Metabond) specimens developed measurable bond strengths, so this group was excluded from parametric statistical analyses. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant effect of group; pairwise multiple comparison procedures (Tukey test) showed that group 1 (controls) had significantly greater retention than all other groups (p <0.001); group 2 (Panavia 21) had significantly greater retention than groups 4 ( @entity2 ) and 5 (Parapost cement) (p <0.001). None of the other pairwise comparisons were statistically different. CONCLUSION: Paraposts cemented with Panavia 21 in unobturated root canals exhibited significantly higher retention than Paraposts luted with Panavia 21 and 4 different cements into dowel spaces prepared 1 week after obturation with gutta percha/ZOE sealer (p <0.001). Among the obturated groups, Panavia 21 cement (group 2) demonstrated significantly greater retention of Paraposts than @entity2 (group 4) and Parapost composite (group 5) cements (p <0.001). Ketac-Cem glass ionomer cement (group 3) had intermediate retention values that were not statistically different than those of groups 2, 4, and 5 (p >0.05). The 4-META cement, C_B Metabond, failed to polymerize.

title: Retention strengths of five luting cements on prefabricated dowels after root canal obturation with a XXXX / @entity1 sealer: 1. Dowel space preparation/cementation at one week after obturation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: This investigation examined the effect of 5 different cements on the retention strength of prefabricated endodontic dowels placed into root canals previously obturated with gutta percha and a @entity0 / @entity1 (ZOE) sealer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six single-rooted teeth were decoronated, filed, cleaned, sequentially shaped, and divided into 6 groups of 16 specimens each. Five of the groups were then obturated with gutta percha and a ZOE sealer. One group was not obturated and served as the control group. Dowel space preparation and dowel cementation for all groups were completed 1 week later. Ten-mm deep dowel spaces were prepared using size 6 Gates Glidden drills. Size 5 Paraposts were then cemented with 5 different cements: Panavia 21 for group 1 (unobturated controls) and group 2; Ketac-Cem glass ionomer for group 3; Fleck's @entity2 for group 4; Parapost (composite) Cement for group 5; and C_B Metabond @entity3 for group 6. After 48 hours, the dowels were removed using a universal testing machine in tensile mode at 1 mm min(-1). RESULTS: The following results were found (all values in kg): group 1 (controls; Panavia 21) mean = 61.81, 95% CI = +/-8.65; group 2 (Panavia 21), mean=43.15, 95% CI = +/-7.81; group 3 (Ketac-Cem), mean =34.45, 95% CI = +/-4.93; group 4 ( @entity2 ), mean = 25.07, 95% CI = +/-5.03; group 5 (Parapost Cement), mean = 24.99, 95% CI = +/-5.35. None of the group 6 (C_B Metabond) specimens developed measurable bond strengths, so this group was excluded from parametric statistical analyses. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant effect of group; pairwise multiple comparison procedures (Tukey test) showed that group 1 (controls) had significantly greater retention than all other groups (p <0.001); group 2 (Panavia 21) had significantly greater retention than groups 4 ( @entity2 ) and 5 (Parapost cement) (p <0.001). None of the other pairwise comparisons were statistically different. CONCLUSION: Paraposts cemented with Panavia 21 in unobturated root canals exhibited significantly higher retention than Paraposts luted with Panavia 21 and 4 different cements into dowel spaces prepared 1 week after obturation with gutta percha/ZOE sealer (p <0.001). Among the obturated groups, Panavia 21 cement (group 2) demonstrated significantly greater retention of Paraposts than @entity2 (group 4) and Parapost composite (group 5) cements (p <0.001). Ketac-Cem glass ionomer cement (group 3) had intermediate retention values that were not statistically different than those of groups 2, 4, and 5 (p >0.05). The 4-META cement, C_B Metabond, failed to polymerize.

title: Retention strengths of five luting cements on prefabricated dowels after root canal obturation with a @entity0 / XXXX sealer: 1. Dowel space preparation/cementation at one week after obturation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To assess MDIS usage in @entity0 discharged from a @entity0 's hospital emergency department following a mild to moderate @entity1 . METHODS: Prospective observational study of 73 consecutive @entity0 presenting to a @entity0 's hospital emergency department with a mild to moderate @entity1 . Demographic data, whether @entity1 literature/written MDIS instructions were provided, and who provided MDIS instructions (either a discharge coordinator or other emergency department staff) were noted. Parents of @entity0 were telephoned after the first week following discharge and questioned about @entity0 improvement, MDIS use/reasons for not using MDIS, and unscheduled presentations to their local doctor or hospital. RESULTS: Following discharge, 50/73 (68.5%) @entity0 used MDIS exclusively (compliers), while 23/73 used nebulisers some or all of the time (non-compliers). There was no difference in @entity0 improvement or unscheduled presentations between compliers and non-compliers. Most non-compliers 14/23 (60.9%) changed because of parental preference; ease of nocturnal nebuliser use was a possible factor. Compliance was associated with the age of the @entity0 , spacer usage at hospital, the size of device used at hospital, and whether an information fact sheet was given. CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity0 discharged from the emergency department following a mild to moderate @entity1 continue MDIS use exclusively in the first week. MDIS compliance may be associated with knowledge, experience, and ease of spacer usage. The study shows that education for parents is crucial for MDIS compliance.

title: Spacer compliance after discharge following a mild to moderate XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We examined the morphodifferentiation of subneural apparatuses at neuromuscular junctions with scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and @entity3 ) in the sternothyroid muscle of postnatal @entity0 . As evidenced with SEM, primitive synaptic troughs found at birth were smooth cup-like @entity1 5-6 micron in diameter. At the 5th postnatal day, low sarcoplasmic ridges appeared in the @entity1 which successively grew and upheaved to remodel the @entity1 into anastomosed gutters during the next 10 days. Subneural apparatuses attained almost the adult form by the 30th day, though synaptic troughs were smaller in size and exhibited a less complex pattern. At birth, the @entity1 contained a few @entity2 :incipient junctional folds. By the 15th day, junctional folds rapidly developed, resulting in about an 18-fold increase in number per endplate with the parallel differentiation of slit-like junctional folds of adult form. At the 30th day, junctional folds were mostly slit-like, though pits still coexisted in a small proportion. As a shape factor, we measured the ratio of the length of the folds to their maximum width (L/W); the folds with L/W less than 2 were defined as pits, those with 2 less than or equal to L/W less than 5 as short slits, and those with L/W greater than or equal to 5 as long slits. At birth, pits occupied about 67% of the total number of the folds per endplate, which decreased to about 14% at the 30th day. Concomitantly, long slits remarkably increased from about 3 to 38%. Short slits increased from about 30 to 50% during the first 10 days but remained almost unchanged thereafter. The maximum L/W ratio was 12 at the 15th day and exceeded 20 after the 30th day. These quantitative data and the finding that pits were often closely associated with each other and also with a slit in a serial fashion indicate that the adjacent pits may fuse to each other and to the preformed slits. With @entity3 , a few incipient junctional folds were found at the 5th day, which extended into the subneural sarcoplasm with a depth less than 0.4 micron. At the 15th day, junctional folds increased both in number and in the maximum depth of about 0.8 micron. There also occurred a number of basal lamina-containing vacuoles identical in many respects to the transversely sectioned profiles of incipient junctional folds.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Formation and maturation of subneural apparatuses at neuromuscular junctions in postnatal XXXX : a scanning and transmission electron microscopical study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Ovules are specialized reproductive organs that develop within the carpels of higher plants. In @entity0 , mutations in two genes, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ), disrupt ovule development. In @entity2 ovules, the inner integument fails to form, the outer integument develops abnormally, and the embryo sac arrests at a late stage of megagametogenesis. During later stages of ovule development, cells of the outer integument of a @entity2 ovule sometimes develop into a carpel-like structure with stigmatic papillae and second-order ovules. The frequency of carpel-like structures was highest when plants were grown under conditions that normally induced flowering and was correlated with ectopic expression in the ovule of AGAMOUS (AG), an organ-identity gene required for carpel formation. Together, these results suggested that @entity2 negatively regulates AG late in ovule development. Likewise, mutants homozygous for the strong @entity1 allele @entity1 -6 sometimes displayed structures with carpel-like features in place of ovules. However, such abnormal @entity1 ovules are much less ovulelike in morphology and form earlier than the @entity2 carpel-like structures. Because one role of the @entity1 gene is to negatively regulate AG expression early in flower development, it is possible that @entity1 works in a similar manner in the ovule. A novel ovule phenotype observed in @entity2 / @entity1 -6 double mutants suggested that @entity2 and @entity1 genes function independently during ovule development.

title: Homeotic Transformation of Ovules into Carpel-like Structures in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: 122 @entity0 with histologically confirmed @entity3 admitted to the gynecological wards of Charity Hospital in New Orleans from July 1, 1959, through March 31, 1960, were studied; suitable controls were selected from the same wards. All interviews were conducted by the same interviewer nurse who was unaware of the diagnoses. Hospital charts were later examined. Educational level of @entity0 , occupation of husband and father, residence, original diagnosis, and religion were similar to those of controls. Less than 1/3 had more than grammar school education. Most husbands and fathers were farmers of unskilled laborers. In only 1/5 of the @entity0 had the original @entity1 diagnosis been made by private physicians or at noncharity hospitals. About 45% were Catholics, 45% Baptists, and the remaining 10% other Protestant denominations. 49% of the @entity0 and 43% of the controls reported 6 or more pregnancies. Douching practices were similar to controls; few had ever used other contraceptive measures. 13 @entity0 and 6 controls had positive serological tests for syphilis. Only 6, 1 @entity0 and 5 controls, had never been married. Of @entity1 @entity0 , 47% had been married more than once vs. 16% of controls. 34% of the @entity0 with @entity1 were married before the age of 17 vs. 14% of controls. 54% of @entity0 with @entity1 and 26% of controls reported extramarital partners. 53% of @entity0 had 1st coitus before age 17 vs. 26% of the controls. There was a considerably higher frequency of coitus in @entity0 than in controls. It is concluded that no relation between number of pregnancies and @entity1 was shown. Douching with coal tar derivatives was not a factor. The association of @entity2 and syphilis was not certain as many had never had a serological test. The effect of circumcision of partners was not determined as it was often unknown. A significant association was shown with early marriage, extramarital relations, coitus at an early age, and frequent coitus at all ages.

title: XXXX : an epidemiologic study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In some parts of the world, peritoneal dialysis is widely used for renal replacement in @entity6 . In resource-rich countries, it has been supplanted in recent years by hemodialysis and, most recently, by hemofiltration and associated techniques. The relative efficacy of peritoneal dialysis and hemofiltration is not known. METHODS: We conducted an open, randomized comparison of pumped venovenous hemofiltration and peritoneal dialysis in @entity0 with @entity3 -associated @entity6 in an @entity1 referral hospital in Vietnam. RESULTS: Seventy adult @entity0 with severe @entity8 malaria (48 @entity0 ) or @entity4 (22 @entity0 ) were enrolled; 34 were assigned to hemofiltration and 36 to peritoneal dialysis. The mortality rate was 47 percent (17 @entity0 ) in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis, as compared with 15 percent (5 @entity0 ) in the group assigned to hemofiltration (P=0.005). The rates of resolution of @entity5 and of decline in the serum @entity7 concentration in the group assigned to hemofiltration were more than twice those in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis (P<0.005), and renal-replacement therapy was required for a significantly shorter period. In a multivariate analysis, the odds ratio for @entity2 was 5.1 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.6 to 16) and that for a need for future dialysis was 4.7 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 17) in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis. The cost of hemofiltration per survivor was less than half that of peritoneal dialysis, and the cost per life saved was less than one third. CONCLUSIONS: Hemofiltration is superior to peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of @entity3 -associated @entity6 .

title: Hemofiltration and peritoneal dialysis in @entity3 -associated XXXX in Vietnam.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: In some parts of the world, peritoneal dialysis is widely used for renal replacement in @entity6 . In resource-rich countries, it has been supplanted in recent years by hemodialysis and, most recently, by hemofiltration and associated techniques. The relative efficacy of peritoneal dialysis and hemofiltration is not known. METHODS: We conducted an open, randomized comparison of pumped venovenous hemofiltration and peritoneal dialysis in @entity0 with @entity3 -associated @entity6 in an @entity1 referral hospital in Vietnam. RESULTS: Seventy adult @entity0 with severe @entity8 malaria (48 @entity0 ) or @entity4 (22 @entity0 ) were enrolled; 34 were assigned to hemofiltration and 36 to peritoneal dialysis. The mortality rate was 47 percent (17 @entity0 ) in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis, as compared with 15 percent (5 @entity0 ) in the group assigned to hemofiltration (P=0.005). The rates of resolution of @entity5 and of decline in the serum @entity7 concentration in the group assigned to hemofiltration were more than twice those in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis (P<0.005), and renal-replacement therapy was required for a significantly shorter period. In a multivariate analysis, the odds ratio for @entity2 was 5.1 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.6 to 16) and that for a need for future dialysis was 4.7 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 17) in the group assigned to peritoneal dialysis. The cost of hemofiltration per survivor was less than half that of peritoneal dialysis, and the cost per life saved was less than one third. CONCLUSIONS: Hemofiltration is superior to peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of @entity3 -associated @entity6 .

title: Hemofiltration and peritoneal dialysis in XXXX -associated @entity6 in Vietnam.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The psychophysiological @entity2 response pattern associated with peritraumatic dissociation (DISS) was studied in 103 survivors of a life-threatening @entity1 (mean age 61.0 years, SD 13.95). Mean time period since the @entity1 was 37 (79 IQD) months. All @entity0 underwent a psychodiagnostic evaluation (including the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire) and a psychophysiological @entity2 experience which comprised the delivery of 15 acoustic @entity2 trials. Magnitude and habituation to trials were measured by means of electromyogram (EMG) and skin conductance responses (SCR). Thirty-two (31%) subjects were indexed as @entity0 with a clinically significant level of DISS symptoms. High-level DISS was associated with a higher magnitude of SCR (ANOVA for repeated measures p = 0.017) and EMG (p = 0.055) and an impaired habituation (SCR slope p = 0.064; EMG slope p = 0.005) in comparison to subjects with no or low DISS. In a subgroup analysis, high-level DISS @entity0 with severe @entity3 ( @entity3 ; n = 11) in comparison to high-level DISS @entity0 without subsequent @entity3 (n = 19) exhibited higher EMG amplitudes during all trials (repeated measures analysis of variance F = 5.511, p = 0.026). The results demonstrate exaggerated @entity2 responses in SCR and EMG measures - an abnormal defensive response to high-intensity stimuli which indicates a steady state of increased arousal. DISS @entity0 without @entity3 exhibited balanced autonomic responses to the @entity2 trials. DISS may, therefore, unfold malignant properties only in combination with persistent physiological hyperarousability.

title: Psychophysiological correlates of peritraumatic dissociative responses in survivors of life-threatening XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Analyses were made of the fibrinolytic, plasminogen-activating system in skeletal muscle to determine if a regulating influence of the nerve could be detected on these enzymes. Young male @entity2 underwent right sciatic neurectomy. Extracts were prepared from denervated muscle at 2-17 d after axotomy and compared with controls. Using a cascade-style biochemical assay (R  nby, M., B. Norrman, and P. Wall  n, 1982, Thromb. Res., 27:743-748) we found that low levels of plasminogen activator (PA) were present in adult, innervated @entity2 muscle, but that denervation resulted in a marked time-dependent increase in enzyme activity. Qualitative separation showed an eightfold increase in urokinase-like PA with moderate elevation of tissue PA activity after 10 d. Fibrin zymography (Granelli-Piperno, A., and E. Reich, 1978, J. Exp. Med., 148:223-234) revealed clear zones of lysis corresponding to molecular masses of 48 kD for urokinase-like PA and 75 kD for tissue PA, consistent with the molecular masses found for these enzymes in other tissues of the @entity2 (Dan  , K., P. A. Andreasen, J. Gr  ndahl-Hansen, P. Kristensen, L. S. Nielsen, and L. Skriver, 1985, Adv. @entity1 Res., 44:139-266). In other studies we have shown that PA-activated plasmin readily attacks critical adhesive basement membrane molecules. The present results indicate that enzymes involved in plasminogen activation, particularly urokinase-like PA, rapidly increase after axotomy, suggesting they may have a role early in muscle denervation. Similar alterations in PA activity might underlie the elimination of polyneuronal innervation during @entity0 muscle development. Certain @entity3 may also involve activation of these enzymes, resulting in degradation of basement membrane zone components and, therefore, warrant further study.

title: Plasminogen activator in XXXX skeletal muscle: characteristics of effect of denervation on urokinase-like and tissue activator.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a well-recognized clinical problem following renal transplantation. Long-term risks of @entity1 are similar to those of @entity1 in general population. The aim of our study was to identify de novo @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in our group of @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Thirty-four @entity0 with @entity1 were reviewed retrospectively. Light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy techniques were performed in 10 of 21 @entity0 with graft biopsy. RESULTS: Five @entity0 (four @entity0 , one @entity0 ), aged 47.4 years (range, 29 to 58), four of whom received cadaveric grafts, were found to have de novo @entity4 . Their serum @entity3 was 211.4 micromol/L (range, 140 to 294). Three @entity0 were slightly proteinuric (0.3 to 0.5 g/L). @entity1 was diagnosed 2.4 months after transplantation (range, 1 to 6). Histologic diagnosis of de novo @entity4 was made, on average, 52.6 months after transplantation (range, 8 to 115), and 50.2 months (range, 2 to 114) after @entity1 . De novo @entity4 presented as @entity1 in four @entity0 and nodular @entity1 in one @entity0 , and combined with @entity2 in all five @entity0 . The mean graft survival time for this group of @entity0 was equivalent with a control group. Although the difference in slopes of serum @entity3 between the studied groups was clinically relevant, it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In view of our findings, when histologic de novo @entity4 was found in 5 out of 10 @entity0 , one could conclude that de novo @entity4 could be a frequent complication of @entity1 .

title: De novo XXXX on renal allografts.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Long-term @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are life-saving therapies for @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). However, indications and timing of these therapies are controversial. In this study we aimed to evaluate the indications for @entity1 . Forty-two @entity0 , each with <100 cm of @entity2 , were divided into three groups according to the length of remnant: group I @entity0 (n = 18): colon plus 50 to 100 cm of @entity2 ( @entity2 ); group II @entity0 (n = 14): colon plus <50 cm of @entity2 ; and group III @entity0 (n = 10): <50 cm of @entity2 without colon. One-year mortality rates for groups I, II, and III were 50%, 72%, and 100%, respectively. All group I survivors developed intestinal adaptation, returning to regular oral feedings at 1 year. Interestingly, three of four surviving @entity0 in group II developed adaptation and were fed an oral short bowel diet (SBD) at 1 year. None of the group III @entity0 survived >1 year, dying due to @entity3 in the early postoperative period or from sepsis within 1 year. We conclude that @entity0 with a very short bowel are candidates for @entity1 when stable. If the colon is intact, however, regardless of @entity2 remnant length, the @entity0 should be given a chance to develop intestinal adaptation before making the decision for permanent @entity4 or @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of the outcomes of @entity5 and indications for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Long-term @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are life-saving therapies for @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). However, indications and timing of these therapies are controversial. In this study we aimed to evaluate the indications for @entity1 . Forty-two @entity0 , each with <100 cm of @entity2 , were divided into three groups according to the length of remnant: group I @entity0 (n = 18): colon plus 50 to 100 cm of @entity2 ( @entity2 ); group II @entity0 (n = 14): colon plus <50 cm of @entity2 ; and group III @entity0 (n = 10): <50 cm of @entity2 without colon. One-year mortality rates for groups I, II, and III were 50%, 72%, and 100%, respectively. All group I survivors developed intestinal adaptation, returning to regular oral feedings at 1 year. Interestingly, three of four surviving @entity0 in group II developed adaptation and were fed an oral short bowel diet (SBD) at 1 year. None of the group III @entity0 survived >1 year, dying due to @entity3 in the early postoperative period or from sepsis within 1 year. We conclude that @entity0 with a very short bowel are candidates for @entity1 when stable. If the colon is intact, however, regardless of @entity2 remnant length, the @entity0 should be given a chance to develop intestinal adaptation before making the decision for permanent @entity4 or @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of the outcomes of XXXX and indications for @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Menstrual induction refers to early uterine evacuation without laboratory confirmation of pregnancy in @entity0 with delayed menses. Mechanical aspiration is the method used in many countries but, as suggested by a pilot study, @entity3 followed by a @entity2 analogue could also be effective. We launched the present study to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of 150 mg of @entity3 , followed 2 days later by 0.4 mg @entity1 vaginally, for menstrual induction among @entity0 with a menstrual delay of up to 7 days. The outcome of treatment was uterine evacuation, which could mean menstruation or termination of early pregnancy. A total of 720 @entity0 were recruited. The mean delay of menstruation at recruitment was 4.9 (SD = 1.7) days. Retrospective analysis of @entity0 chorionic gonadotropin from serum samples taken at admission showed that 492 (68.3%) @entity0 were pregnant at admission, and 228 (31.7%) @entity0 had delayed menstruation without pregnancy. One nonpregnant @entity0 was lost to follow-up. Bleeding was induced in 479 (97.4%) pregnant @entity0 and in 222 (97.8%) nonpregnant @entity0 . Among the pregnant @entity0 , 455 (92.5%) had @entity4 , 12 (2.4%) had @entity5 and pregnancy continued in 25 (5.1%) @entity0 , including one ectopic pregnancy. Side effects were mild and uncommon. We conclude that 95.8% of the @entity0 treated had the expected outcome. Further research is needed to compare the efficacy, safety and acceptability of the medical regimen to vacuum aspiration. A rather high continuing pregnancy rate in this study is a concern.

title: Menstrual induction with XXXX and @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Menstrual induction refers to early uterine evacuation without laboratory confirmation of pregnancy in @entity0 with delayed menses. Mechanical aspiration is the method used in many countries but, as suggested by a pilot study, @entity3 followed by a @entity2 analogue could also be effective. We launched the present study to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of 150 mg of @entity3 , followed 2 days later by 0.4 mg @entity1 vaginally, for menstrual induction among @entity0 with a menstrual delay of up to 7 days. The outcome of treatment was uterine evacuation, which could mean menstruation or termination of early pregnancy. A total of 720 @entity0 were recruited. The mean delay of menstruation at recruitment was 4.9 (SD = 1.7) days. Retrospective analysis of @entity0 chorionic gonadotropin from serum samples taken at admission showed that 492 (68.3%) @entity0 were pregnant at admission, and 228 (31.7%) @entity0 had delayed menstruation without pregnancy. One nonpregnant @entity0 was lost to follow-up. Bleeding was induced in 479 (97.4%) pregnant @entity0 and in 222 (97.8%) nonpregnant @entity0 . Among the pregnant @entity0 , 455 (92.5%) had @entity4 , 12 (2.4%) had @entity5 and pregnancy continued in 25 (5.1%) @entity0 , including one ectopic pregnancy. Side effects were mild and uncommon. We conclude that 95.8% of the @entity0 treated had the expected outcome. Further research is needed to compare the efficacy, safety and acceptability of the medical regimen to vacuum aspiration. A rather high continuing pregnancy rate in this study is a concern.

title: Menstrual induction with @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the applicability and reliability of a screening questionnaire to detect @entity0 at high-risk of @entity3 ; to assess the importance of other @entity1 such as profilin @entity1 ( @entity2 ) for presence of latex sensitization; and to determine the clinical effectiveness of preemptive avoidance of latex exposure in high-risk @entity0 . DESIGN: Prospective, clinical trial. SETTING: Operative theater of a university hospital. @entity0 : 95 adult @entity0 . INTERVENTIONS: @entity0 were preoperatively screened and classified for present @entity3 (high-risk and low-risk group) according to a specially designed screening questionnaire. Anesthesia and surgery in the high-risk group were performed strictly avoiding latex-containing materials. The low-risk group (other @entity1 including @entity2 ) received routine treatment, without latex-avoidance. Effects of latex avoidance or exposure were evaluated by measuring specific IgE titers perioperatively. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: According to the questionnaire, 45 @entity0 at high risk were defined. Validity of classification of high-risk @entity0 is supported by significantly higher total IgE and latex and grass profilin specific IgE compared to the low-risk group. There were no significant differences in other profilin-specific IgEs. In one case of severe anaphylactic reaction a drop of latex-specific IgE during surgery could be observed. CONCLUSION: The questionnaire allowed the identification of most @entity0 at high risk for @entity3 . In @entity2 no changes in any specific IgE levels were detectable. Strict avoidance of perioperative latex exposure in high-risk @entity0 increases safety during anesthesia and surgery.

title: Role of cross- XXXX to latex in clinical routine of anesthesia.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We retrospectively studied the outcome of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) among a population of veterans and evaluated outcome related to comorbidities. Veterans who underwent ATL between 1990 and 2001 at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Madison, Wisconsin, were included. Data related to postoperative @entity3 outcome, quality of life outcome, and employment outcome were collected. Factors associated with favorable outcome and outcome related to comorbidities were evaluated. Twenty-seven @entity0 were entered into the study. The mean age at onset of @entity3 was 25 years (+/-10.2). History of a non- @entity4 @entity1 diagnosis, and @entity4 was present in 26% (7/27) and 30% (9/27), respectively, prior to surgery. While 66.6% (18/27) had a good outcome (Engel's Class I), no difference in the frequency of good outcome was seen among the @entity0 with a history of @entity4 , other @entity1 diagnosis (71%), or no @entity1 diagnosis (67%). There was a significant correlation between @entity3 outcome and quality of life score (r(s)=0.67, p<0.001) and postoperative employment gains (r(s)=0.48, p=0.01). Outcomes among veterans that underwent ATL can be satisfactory even in the context of the late mean age of @entity2 onset and the @entity1 diagnoses that were present in this sample.

title: XXXX surgery outcome among US veterans.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 or intolerance is not necessarily based on the Type @entity1 . Non-IgE antibody reactions, complement-dependent reactions, enzyme deficiencies such as @entity3 and non-immunologic @entity2 release (such as with some sea foods) have been described. Even the detection of specific antibodies on their own does not necessarily indicate that a given symptom is due to that antibody. @entity6 allergy nevertheless exists. It is important that those observers fortunate enough to see many cases document their observations carefully and eventually publish them for the education of their less fortunate colleagues. Is @entity5 more common in @entity0 and young @entity0 ? What happens as they grow older? How often is @entity4 due to @entity5 ? Why are some foods more likely to be implicated than others? Does a negative RAST result eliminate the diagnosis or a positive one confirm it? Until the answers to these and other questions are known, the mainstay of diagnosis will be the history, and that of treatment will be the elimination diet.

title: Non-IgE antibody mediated mechanisms in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The virulence of pathogenic bacteria is critically dependent on their ability to produce toxins that attack eukaryotic target cells. Microbial toxins are either structural components of the bacterial cell wall (endotoxins) or actively secreted proteins (exotoxins). @entity1 and @entity2 , which represent major causes of mortality in modern intensive care medicine, are caused by an inadequate inflammatory and immunological host response to @entity5 . Emerging evidence suggests that the systemic spread of microbial toxins, rather than @entity4 itself, is the crucial event in the pathogenesis of this @entity6 . The endothelium, with its diversity of physiological functions is a main target of bacterial toxins. The resulting @entity3 is believed to contribute to the underlying pathomechanisms and the collapse of homeostasis of organ function. In vitro, bacterial toxins induce subtle alterations of endothelial cell function rather than massive cell damage. Furthermore, bacterial toxins targeting endothelial cells severely alter the behavior of extravascular cells and circulating leukocytes via excessive formation of vasoactive mediators and overexpression of adhesion molecules. Research on the effects of microbial toxins on vascular endothelium has broadened our general understanding of microbial strategies to induce organ damage, even in the absence of viable bacteria. Combining antitoxin strategies with antibiotic therapy may prove to be of benefit to @entity0 suffering from @entity5 in the future.

title: Endothelial responses to bacterial toxins in XXXX .

answer: @entity1