abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our goal is to investigate the distribution of @entity9 mutations in @entity0 with @entity8 who are in renal transplant waiting list which is prepared for transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity6 was diagnosed in 25 of the 297 @entity0 between the years 2004 and 2008, who were involved in the study (15 male, 10 female; age 34  7.8). 5 out of 25 @entity0 were transplanted, remaining were waiting for Tx. Biopsy results were @entity7 and taken from renal (n:16), rectal (n:8) and duodenal (1).All of them were carrier of mutations in both pyrin alleles.The primer cause of @entity3 in our group was @entity7 . DNA was isolated from 25 whole blood samples. The NanoChip Molecular Biology Workstation (Nanogen) uses electronic microarrays for mutation detection. Exon 2,3,5 and 10 of pyrin gene genotypes were identified in the NanoChip. RESULTS: Genetic analysis of the @entity0 demonstrated that each subject carries either homozygote or compound heterozygote mutations of the gene. The most common mutations were @entity11 , @entity12 , @entity10 and @entity13 . CONCLUSIONS: The clinic manifestation and complain of our @entity0 were febrile and @entity2 attacks such as in the abdomen, @entity5 due to @entity1 of the peritoneum, pleura and synovial membrane. The major problem in @entity6 is the occurrence of @entity7 that primarily affects the kidneys causing @entity4 and @entity3 . Dialysis and renal transplantation can be treatment, but it is important to diagnose @entity6 at earliest stages. The percentage of @entity6 @entity0 in our waiting list was 8.4%. Moreover, in our region @entity6 incidence is highly frequent, so @entity6 should be chased by genetically so as to prevent @entity3 due to @entity7 .

title: The frequency of XXXX related @entity7 in renal waiting list for transplantation.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our goal is to investigate the distribution of @entity9 mutations in @entity0 with @entity8 who are in renal transplant waiting list which is prepared for transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity6 was diagnosed in 25 of the 297 @entity0 between the years 2004 and 2008, who were involved in the study (15 male, 10 female; age 34  7.8). 5 out of 25 @entity0 were transplanted, remaining were waiting for Tx. Biopsy results were @entity7 and taken from renal (n:16), rectal (n:8) and duodenal (1).All of them were carrier of mutations in both pyrin alleles.The primer cause of @entity3 in our group was @entity7 . DNA was isolated from 25 whole blood samples. The NanoChip Molecular Biology Workstation (Nanogen) uses electronic microarrays for mutation detection. Exon 2,3,5 and 10 of pyrin gene genotypes were identified in the NanoChip. RESULTS: Genetic analysis of the @entity0 demonstrated that each subject carries either homozygote or compound heterozygote mutations of the gene. The most common mutations were @entity11 , @entity12 , @entity10 and @entity13 . CONCLUSIONS: The clinic manifestation and complain of our @entity0 were febrile and @entity2 attacks such as in the abdomen, @entity5 due to @entity1 of the peritoneum, pleura and synovial membrane. The major problem in @entity6 is the occurrence of @entity7 that primarily affects the kidneys causing @entity4 and @entity3 . Dialysis and renal transplantation can be treatment, but it is important to diagnose @entity6 at earliest stages. The percentage of @entity6 @entity0 in our waiting list was 8.4%. Moreover, in our region @entity6 incidence is highly frequent, so @entity6 should be chased by genetically so as to prevent @entity3 due to @entity7 .

title: The frequency of @entity6 related XXXX in renal waiting list for transplantation.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2 and @entity9 due to tourniquet application during arthroscopy is a well known problem. This study aimed to compare the effects of @entity10 and @entity8 on hemodynamic and respiratory variables and on @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity6 ) as markers of @entity2 - @entity9 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by a local ethics committee. The study was performed on @entity0 undergoing arthroscopic operation under spinal anesthesia. Thirty @entity0 were randomized into two groups: Group D ( @entity10 ; n=15) and Group K ( @entity8 ; n=15). Spinal anesthesia at the @entity7 level was achieved using a 25G spinal needle with hyperbaric @entity5 at a dose of 12-15 mg in all @entity0 . In Group D, @entity0 were sedated with @entity10 at a dose of 0.3-0.5  g/kg/h, while Group K received @entity8 at a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg/h. Hemodynamic parameters, @entity1 saturation, Ramsey sedation scale (RSS), and @entity3 , @entity3 , and @entity6 levels were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic parameters, @entity3 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels were similar between groups. In Group K, the @entity3 levels after tourniquet removal were significantly lower than at baseline and during the use of the tourniquet. Preoperative hemodynamic and respiratory variables were similar in both groups. Blood pressure values were decreased compared to baseline but these decreases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia, @entity10 had effects similar to @entity8 , led to insignificant alterations in hemodynamic and respiratory variables during surgery and had comparable effects on @entity2 - @entity9 . Thus, we think that @entity10 can be a safe alternative to @entity8 as an intraoperative sedative.

title: The effects of XXXX on @entity2 @entity9 in @entity0 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia.

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2 and @entity9 due to tourniquet application during arthroscopy is a well known problem. This study aimed to compare the effects of @entity10 and @entity8 on hemodynamic and respiratory variables and on @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity6 ) as markers of @entity2 - @entity9 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by a local ethics committee. The study was performed on @entity0 undergoing arthroscopic operation under spinal anesthesia. Thirty @entity0 were randomized into two groups: Group D ( @entity10 ; n=15) and Group K ( @entity8 ; n=15). Spinal anesthesia at the @entity7 level was achieved using a 25G spinal needle with hyperbaric @entity5 at a dose of 12-15 mg in all @entity0 . In Group D, @entity0 were sedated with @entity10 at a dose of 0.3-0.5  g/kg/h, while Group K received @entity8 at a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg/h. Hemodynamic parameters, @entity1 saturation, Ramsey sedation scale (RSS), and @entity3 , @entity3 , and @entity6 levels were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic parameters, @entity3 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels were similar between groups. In Group K, the @entity3 levels after tourniquet removal were significantly lower than at baseline and during the use of the tourniquet. Preoperative hemodynamic and respiratory variables were similar in both groups. Blood pressure values were decreased compared to baseline but these decreases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia, @entity10 had effects similar to @entity8 , led to insignificant alterations in hemodynamic and respiratory variables during surgery and had comparable effects on @entity2 - @entity9 . Thus, we think that @entity10 can be a safe alternative to @entity8 as an intraoperative sedative.

title: The effects of @entity10 on @entity2 XXXX in @entity0 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2 and @entity9 due to tourniquet application during arthroscopy is a well known problem. This study aimed to compare the effects of @entity10 and @entity8 on hemodynamic and respiratory variables and on @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity6 ) as markers of @entity2 - @entity9 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by a local ethics committee. The study was performed on @entity0 undergoing arthroscopic operation under spinal anesthesia. Thirty @entity0 were randomized into two groups: Group D ( @entity10 ; n=15) and Group K ( @entity8 ; n=15). Spinal anesthesia at the @entity7 level was achieved using a 25G spinal needle with hyperbaric @entity5 at a dose of 12-15 mg in all @entity0 . In Group D, @entity0 were sedated with @entity10 at a dose of 0.3-0.5  g/kg/h, while Group K received @entity8 at a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg/h. Hemodynamic parameters, @entity1 saturation, Ramsey sedation scale (RSS), and @entity3 , @entity3 , and @entity6 levels were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic parameters, @entity3 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels were similar between groups. In Group K, the @entity3 levels after tourniquet removal were significantly lower than at baseline and during the use of the tourniquet. Preoperative hemodynamic and respiratory variables were similar in both groups. Blood pressure values were decreased compared to baseline but these decreases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia, @entity10 had effects similar to @entity8 , led to insignificant alterations in hemodynamic and respiratory variables during surgery and had comparable effects on @entity2 - @entity9 . Thus, we think that @entity10 can be a safe alternative to @entity8 as an intraoperative sedative.

title: The effects of @entity10 on XXXX @entity9 in @entity0 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2 and @entity9 due to tourniquet application during arthroscopy is a well known problem. This study aimed to compare the effects of @entity10 and @entity8 on hemodynamic and respiratory variables and on @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity6 ) as markers of @entity2 - @entity9 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by a local ethics committee. The study was performed on @entity0 undergoing arthroscopic operation under spinal anesthesia. Thirty @entity0 were randomized into two groups: Group D ( @entity10 ; n=15) and Group K ( @entity8 ; n=15). Spinal anesthesia at the @entity7 level was achieved using a 25G spinal needle with hyperbaric @entity5 at a dose of 12-15 mg in all @entity0 . In Group D, @entity0 were sedated with @entity10 at a dose of 0.3-0.5  g/kg/h, while Group K received @entity8 at a dose of 1-1.5 mg/kg/h. Hemodynamic parameters, @entity1 saturation, Ramsey sedation scale (RSS), and @entity3 , @entity3 , and @entity6 levels were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic parameters, @entity3 , @entity3 and @entity6 levels were similar between groups. In Group K, the @entity3 levels after tourniquet removal were significantly lower than at baseline and during the use of the tourniquet. Preoperative hemodynamic and respiratory variables were similar in both groups. Blood pressure values were decreased compared to baseline but these decreases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia, @entity10 had effects similar to @entity8 , led to insignificant alterations in hemodynamic and respiratory variables during surgery and had comparable effects on @entity2 - @entity9 . Thus, we think that @entity10 can be a safe alternative to @entity8 as an intraoperative sedative.

title: The effects of @entity10 on @entity2 @entity9 in XXXX undergoing arthroscopy under spinal anesthesia.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity7 is a well established cause of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Multiple mechanism are proposed to explain this phenomenon, but the exact mechanism is unknown. Clinical manifestations are similar to other forms of @entity4 . Although amylase and lipase levels exclude the diagnosis of @entity4 in normolipidemic @entity0 , they may be normal in @entity7 -induced @entity4 . Further evaluation with imaging studies are needed for diagnosis. A less known entity " @entity5 " is a prior clinical state before development to @entity4 . We describe a young male @entity0 without any previously diagnosed @entity2 presenting to emergency department with @entity3 where normal amylase in lactescent serum was detected. His abdomen computed tomography (CT) was reported as normal. His symptoms were relieved with antiemetic and @entity1 -2 blocker and he was diagnosed with @entity7 and @entity6 . Readmission with recurrence of symptoms after 3 hours resulted in hospitalization where the second CT showed @entity4 .

title: Hypertrygliceridemia-induced Acute Pancreatitis Following XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Increased serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels ( @entity3 ) have been shown to directly promote oxidative stress. Previous studies have shown the relationship between the dilatation of the ascending aorta and oxidative stress. This study was designed to examine the relationship between serum @entity3 concentrations with dilatation of the ascending aorta. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety @entity0 with ascending @entity2 and 90 age-sex-matched @entity0 without @entity2 were included in the study. The @entity0 were evaluated by a complete transthoracic echocardiographic examination including measurement of the aortic dimensions, where a diameter of 3.7 cm and above was accepted as ascending @entity2 . Serum @entity3 concentration was measured in all @entity0 . RESULTS: In the group with @entity2 , @entity1 frequency, serum uric acid, hs-CRP and @entity3 levels, the LV mass index, and the left atrial volume index were found to be higher than the control group. The logistic regression analysis showed that only @entity1 frequency (OR:1.23, 95% CI 1.11-1.35, p value: 0.02), the LA volume index (OR: 1.34, 95% CI 1.21  1.4, p:0.005) and serum @entity3 levels (OR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.01  1.20, p:0.03) were found to be independent predictors. There was a significant correlation between serum @entity3 levels and ascending aortic diameter (r: 0.268, p<0.001). In the ROC curve analysis, AUC was 0.659 (0.580  0.738) for a 23.5 serum @entity3 cut-off value (64% sensitivity and 53% specificity). CONCLUSION: We found that serum @entity3 concentration was significantly associated with ascending @entity2 . Large epidemiological studies are required to correlate the findings from this study with clinical outcome.

title: Relationship between Serum Gamma-glutamyl Transferase Levels with Ascending XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a common @entity3 characterized by the selective and gradual loss of @entity9 cells (RGCs). Aging and @entity10 (IOP) are @entity6 risk factors; nevertheless @entity0 deteriorate at all levels of IOP, implying other causative factors. Recent evidence presents mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex-I impairments in @entity5 . @entity11 ( @entity11 ) @entity0 suffer specific and rapid loss of RGCs, predominantly in young adult males, due to complex-I mutations in the mitochondrial genome. This study directly compares the degree of @entity1 in @entity5 and @entity11 @entity0 , testing the hypothesis that the milder clinical disease in @entity5 is due to a milder @entity2 . To assess overall mitochondrial capacity, cells can be forced to produce @entity7 primarily from mitochondrial OXPHOS by switching the media @entity4 source to @entity12 . Under these conditions @entity5 lymphoblasts grew 1.47 times slower than controls, whilst @entity11 demonstrated a greater degree of growth impairment (2.35 times slower). Complex-I enzyme specific activity was reduced by 18% in @entity5 lymphoblasts and by 29% in @entity11 . We also assessed complex-I @entity7 synthesis, which was 19% decreased in @entity5 @entity0 and 17% decreased in @entity11 @entity0 . This study demonstrates both @entity5 and @entity11 have @entity2 , and in the majority of aspects the functional defects in @entity5 were milder than @entity11 , which could reflect the milder disease development of @entity5 . This new evidence places @entity5 in the spectrum of mitochondrial @entity8 and raises the possibility for new therapeutic targets aimed at improving mitochondrial function.

title: Measurement of Systemic Mitochondrial Function in Advanced Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and XXXX .

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Genetic testing, a gold standard for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) diagnosis, is time-consuming and costly when all the 15 candidate genes are screened. Since genotype-specific ECG patterns are present in most @entity3 -3 mutation carriers, we tested the utility of ECG-guided genotyping in a large cohort of Chinese @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We enrolled 230 @entity0 (26    17 years, 66% female) with a clinical diagnosis of @entity1 . Genotypes were predicted as @entity3 -3 based on the presence of ECG patterns typical for each genotype in 200 @entity0 (85 @entity3 , 110 @entity4 and 5 @entity2 ). Family-based genotype prediction was also conducted if gene-specific ECG patterns were found in other affected family members. Mutational screening identified 104 mutations (44% novel), i.e. 46 @entity3 , 54 @entity4 and 4 @entity2 mutations. The overall predictive accuracy of ECG-guided genotyping was 79% (157/200) and 79% (67/85), 78% (86/110) and 80% (4/5) for @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity2 , respectively. The predictive accuracy was 98% (42/43) when family-based ECG assessment was performed. CONCLUSIONS: From this large-scale genotyping study, we found that @entity4 is the most common genotype among the Chinese. Family-based ECG-guided genotyping is highly accurate. ECG-guided genotyping is time- and cost-effective. We therefore recommend it as an optimal approach for the genetic diagnosis of @entity1 .

title: Common Genotypes of XXXX in China and the Role of ECG Prediction.

answer: @entity1


abstract: beta-Lactoglobulins from pooled milk ( @entity10 ) are isolated and characterized. The complete primary structure of the major @entity7 is presented. The @entity1 sequence was elucidated by automated Edman degradation of tryptic peptides and @entity11 cleavage products in a liquid phase sequencer. The tryptic and cyanogen @entity8 peptides were separated by reverse-phase ( @entity12 ) or size exclusion (TSK 2000 SW) high performance liquid chromatography. @entity6 beta-lactoglobulin is composed of only 159 @entity4 in contrast to other beta-lactoglobulins which contain 162 or 166 @entity4 . Sequence alignment with previously sequenced beta-lactoglobulins was obtained by introducing two gaps at positions 115 and 151-152. Thus @entity0 beta-lactoglobulin A reveals 62 @entity1 substitutions. The phylogenetic distance from @entity5 @entity13 is indicated by 49.4% and 62% @entity1 exchanges, respectively. @entity6 beta-lactoglobulin is a mixture of two chains with @entity9 or Thr at position 119. The free @entity3 group is localized at position 59. The structural and functional aspects of beta-lactoglobulins and its role in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) transport are discussed.

title: @entity6 beta-lactoglobulin I ( XXXX , Artiodactyla). The primary structure of the major component.

answer: @entity10


abstract: beta-Lactoglobulins from pooled milk ( @entity10 ) are isolated and characterized. The complete primary structure of the major @entity7 is presented. The @entity1 sequence was elucidated by automated Edman degradation of tryptic peptides and @entity11 cleavage products in a liquid phase sequencer. The tryptic and cyanogen @entity8 peptides were separated by reverse-phase ( @entity12 ) or size exclusion (TSK 2000 SW) high performance liquid chromatography. @entity6 beta-lactoglobulin is composed of only 159 @entity4 in contrast to other beta-lactoglobulins which contain 162 or 166 @entity4 . Sequence alignment with previously sequenced beta-lactoglobulins was obtained by introducing two gaps at positions 115 and 151-152. Thus @entity0 beta-lactoglobulin A reveals 62 @entity1 substitutions. The phylogenetic distance from @entity5 @entity13 is indicated by 49.4% and 62% @entity1 exchanges, respectively. @entity6 beta-lactoglobulin is a mixture of two chains with @entity9 or Thr at position 119. The free @entity3 group is localized at position 59. The structural and functional aspects of beta-lactoglobulins and its role in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) transport are discussed.

title: XXXX beta-lactoglobulin I ( @entity10 , Artiodactyla). The primary structure of the major component.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is the most common cause of joint @entity7 and involves the entire joints. @entity9 present a mineralization defect and, to date, only a few molecules ( @entity10 and @entity8 ) could improve the mineralization potential of this cell type. In this context, we have tested for the first time the effect of nacre extract on the mineralization capacity of osteoblasts from @entity3 @entity0 . Nacre extract is known to contain osteogenic molecules which have demonstrated their activities notably on the MC3T3 pre-osteoblastic cell line. For this goal, molecules were extracted from nacre (ESM, @entity6 Soluble Matrix) and tested on osteoblasts of the subchondral bone from @entity3 @entity0 undergoing total knee replacement and on MC3T3 cells for comparison. We chose to investigate the mineralization with @entity4 staining and with the study of extracellular matrix (ECM) structure and composition. In a complementary way the structure of the ECM secreted during the mineralization phase was investigated using second harmonic generation (SHG). Nacre extract was able to induce the early presence (after 7 days) of precipitated @entity2 in cells. Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy showed the presence of nanograins of an early crystalline form of @entity1 in @entity3 osteoblasts ECM and @entity5 in MC3T3 ECM. SHG collagen fibers signal was present in both cell types but lower for @entity3 osteoblasts. In conclusion, nacre extract was able to rapidly restore the mineralization capacity of @entity3 osteoblasts, therefore confirming the potential of nacre as a source of osteogenic compounds.

title: Nacre extract restores the mineralization capacity of XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous epidemiological studies have compared outcomes between laparoscopic appendectomies (LA) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ); however, few studies have assessed the efficacy of LA specifically in a @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: We analyzed the trends in the utilization and outcomes of LA versus @entity3 in an @entity1 in Taiwan using data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database. RESULTS: Steady temporal growth trends were observed for the @entity0 who underwent LA in both the @entity1 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ); however, in each study year, the proportion of @entity1 @entity0 who underwent LA was lower than the proportion of @entity4 @entity0 who underwent the procedure. The @entity1 @entity0 were more susceptible to payment policies than the @entity4 @entity0 ; thus, more attention should be paid to vulnerable @entity0 populations when formulating and revising NHI payment policies. Compared with OAs, @entity5 were associated with a slightly higher rate of routine @entity0 discharges and a lower rate of in-hospital complications (1.48  % vs. 3.76  %, p   <   0.05). The rate of readmission for complications was lower in @entity0 after LA than in @entity0 after @entity3 (1.64  % vs. 3.89  %, p   <   0.05). The overall case-fatality rate of @entity1 @entity0 who underwent LA was lower than that of those who underwent @entity3 . LA was correlated with a significantly shorter length of hospital stay (LOS) compared with @entity3 (3.80        0.08 vs. 5.51        0.11, p   <   0.05). The average hospital cost for LA was slightly less than that for @entity3 (1178        13 vs. 1191        19 USD, p   <   0.05). A higher percentage of @entity0 who underwent @entity3 required an LOS longer than 14  days compared to @entity0 who underwent LA (7.73  % vs. 1.97  %, p   <   0.05). Regarding hospital costs and LOS, LA showed significant advantages over @entity3 in the subpopulations of male @entity0 , @entity0 45  years old and older, @entity0 with Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores of two or more, and @entity0 with complicated cases of @entity2 . CONCLUSION: The @entity1 @entity0 benefited more from the LA approach than the @entity3 approach in the treatment of @entity2 , especially regarding LOS, in-hospital complications, in-hospital mortality, and routine discharge rates.

title: Trends and outcomes in the utilization of laparoscopic appendectomies in a XXXX in Taiwan from 2003 to 2011.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: The study aimed to investigate the clinical utility of a prepackaged low-residue diet (PLD) compared with a restricted diet (RD) for colonoscopic bowel preparation. METHOD: A prospective randomized controlled trial was carried out of @entity0 undergoing colonoscopy. One hundred @entity0 were randomly assigned to PLD and RD groups. In the RD group, the @entity0 received an information sheet containing acceptable low-residue options and instructions from the medical staff. All @entity0 received 10 mL @entity5 picosulfate the day before colonoscopy and 1 L @entity3 with @entity1 ( @entity4 -A) on the day of the colonoscopy. If the bowel preparation was not adequate, an additional PEG-A solution was given. The primary outcome was the efficacy of colonic cleansing as rated by the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). The additional amount of PEG-A solution, @entity2 rate, and @entity0 tolerance were assessed as secondary outcomes. RESULTS: The BBPS score in the PLD group was 7.3    1.7 compared with 6.5    1.7 in the RD group. The quality of bowel preparation was significantly better in the PLD group (P < 0.05). The mean amount of additional PEG-A solution in the PLD group was smaller than in the RD group (293.8    474.8 vs. 444.1    625.0 mL), but there was no statistical difference between the two groups. @entity2 detection rates and @entity0 tolerance were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: PLD is superior to RD for bowel preparation for colonoscopy . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: A randomized controlled trial comparing a prepackaged low-residue diet with a restricted diet for colonoscopy preparation: the impact on the results of colonoscopy in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To associate regions of highest local @entity1 risk from finite element analysis (FEA) to subsequent @entity1 sites in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: This retrospective multicenter study analyzed computed tomography angiography (CTA) data from 13 asymptomatic @entity2 @entity0 (mean age 76 years; 8 @entity0 ) experiencing @entity1 at a later point in time between 2005 and 2011. All @entity0 had CTA scans before and during the @entity1 event. FEA was performed to calculate @entity4 ( @entity4 ), peak wall @entity1 risk (PWRR), @entity1 risk equivalent diameters (RRED), and the intraluminal thrombus volume ( @entity5 ). @entity4 and PWRR locations in the prerupture state were compared with subsequent CTA @entity1 findings. Visible contrast extravasation was considered a definite (n=5) @entity1 sign, while a periaortic @entity3 was an indefinite (n=8) sign. A statistical comparison was performed between the 13- @entity0 asymptomatic @entity2 group before and during @entity1 and a 23- @entity0 diameter-matched asymptomatic @entity2 control group that underwent elective surgery. RESULTS: The asymptomatic AAAs before @entity1 showed significantly higher PWRR and RRED values compared to the matched asymptomatic @entity2 control group (median values 0.74 vs 0.52 and 77 vs 59 mm, respectively; p<0.0001 for both). No statistical differences could be found for @entity4 and @entity5 . Ruptured AAAs showed the highest maximum diameters, PWRR, and RRED values. In 7 of the ruptured AAAs (2 definite and 5 indefinite @entity1 signs), CTA @entity1 sites correlated with prerupture PWRR locations. CONCLUSION: The location of the PWRR in unruptured AAAs predicted future @entity1 sites in several cases. Asymptomatic @entity2 @entity0 with high PWRR and RRED values have an increased @entity1 risk.

title: Prediction of Rupture Sites in XXXX After Finite Element Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Rapid growth in broilers is associated with susceptibility to @entity1 such as @entity0 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 . This study describes a genome search for QTL associated with relative weight of cardio respiratory and metabolically important organs (heart, lungs, liver and gizzard), and hematocrit value in a Brazilian @entity2 . QTL with similar or different effects across sexes were investigated. At 42  days of age after fasted for 6  h, the F2 @entity5 were weighed and slaughtered. Weights and percentages of the weight relative to BW42 of gizzard, heart, lungs, liver and hematocrit were used in the QTL search. Parental, F1 and F2 individuals were genotyped with 128 genetic markers (127 microsatellites and 1 SNP) covering 22 linkage groups. QTL mapping analyses were carried out using mixed models. A total of 11 genome-wide significant QTL and five suggestive linkages were mapped. Thus, genome-wide significant QTL with similar effects across sexes were mapped to @entity6 , 4 and 14 for heart weight, and to @entity6 , 8 and 12 for gizzard %. Additionally, five genome-wide significant QTL with different effects across sexes were mapped to GGA 8, 19 and 26 for heart weight; GGA26 for heart % and @entity7 for hematocrit value. Five QTL were detected in chromosomal regions where QTL for similar traits were previously mapped in other F2 @entity5 populations. Seven novel genome-wide significant QTL are reported here, and 21 positional candidate genes in QTL regions were identified.

title: Quantitative trait loci with sex-specific effects for internal organs weights and hematocrit value in a XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Recently, Sugihara proposed an innovative causality concept, which, in contrast to statistical predictability in Granger sense, characterizes underlying deterministic causation of the system. This work exploits Sugihara causality analysis to develop novel EEG biomarkers for discriminating normal aging from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and early @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The hypothesis of this work is that scalp EEG based causality measurements have different distributions for different cognitive groups and hence the causality measurements can be used to distinguish between NC, @entity1 , and @entity2 @entity0 . The current results are based on 30-channel resting EEG records from 48 age-matched @entity0 (mean age 75.7  years) - 15 normal controls (NCs), 16 @entity1 , and 17 early-stage @entity2 . First, a reconstruction model is developed for each EEG channel, which predicts the signal in the current channel using data of the other 29 channels. The reconstruction model of the target channel is trained using NC, @entity1 , or @entity2 records to generate an NC-, @entity1 -, or @entity2 -specific model, respectively. To avoid over fitting, the training is based on the leave-one-out principle. Sugihara causality between the channels is described by a quality score based on comparison between the reconstructed signal and the original signal. The quality scores are studied for their potential as biomarkers to distinguish between the different cognitive groups. First, the dimension of the quality scores is reduced to two principal components. Then, a three-way classification based on the principal components is conducted. Accuracies of 95.8%, 95.8%, and 97.9% are achieved for @entity3 open, counting eyes closed, and @entity3 closed protocols, respectively. This work presents a novel application of Sugihara causality analysis to capture characteristic changes in EEG activity due to @entity1 . The developed method has excellent potential as individualized biomarkers in the detection of pathophysiological changes in early-stage @entity2 .

title: Sugihara causality analysis of scalp EEG for detection of early XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: While WHO recommendations are to treat @entity0 earlier and earlier, it will considerably increase the number of @entity2 infected @entity0 eligible for antiretroviral therapy (ART). In South Africa, a country which carries one of the highest @entity2 burden worldwide, very few studies are available on the impact of the ART guidelines on time to ART initiation in both individuals with low @entity1 count and those newly eligible for ART. We thus aimed to describe ART initiation percentages in a large @entity2 programme in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, according to the temporal changes of national ART eligibility guidelines from 2007 to 2012. METHODS: Adults who accessed the decentralized Hlabisa @entity2 treatment programme in 2007-2012 were included. Three periods following the temporal change of ART eligibility guidelines were defined (Period 1: until April 2010; @entity3 : April 2010 - July 2011; @entity4 : from August 2011). Percentages of ART initiation within three months of programme entry were estimated in @entity0 , in @entity0 of childbearing age (<40  years old) and in older @entity0 , and stratifying by @entity1 count. Trend tests and logistic regression models were used to study the effects of change of guidelines on ART initiation percentages. RESULTS: In individuals with @entity1 count  <=200 cells/ L (N   =   5709 @entity0 , N   =   6743 @entity0 <40  years old and N   =   2017 older @entity0 ), percentages of ART initiation did not differ over time (p trend   =   0.25; 0.28; and 0.14, respectively). In individuals with @entity1 count   =   201-350 cells/ L (N   =   2680 @entity0 , N   =   6086 @entity0 <40  years old and N   =   1415 older @entity0 ), percentages of ART initiation significantly increased over time (p trend <0.01 for the three groups): from 6  % in Period 1 to 20  % in @entity3 to 40  % in @entity4 in @entity0 of childbearing age, and from 7  % to 8-10  % to 42  % in @entity0 and in older @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: As temporal changes of guidelines, percentages of ART initiation significantly increased in newly ART eligible @entity0 and did not decrease in individuals with very low @entity1 counts. It will be crucial to continue verifying the evolution of these percentages of ART initiation with future recommendations reaching near-to-universal access to ART, to ensure that individuals most in need of ART receive it.

title: Change of treatment guidelines and evolution of ART initiation in rural South Africa: data of a large XXXX care and treatment programme.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mycoviruses are viruses that infect fungi. Recently, mycovirus-like RNAs were sequenced from the fungus @entity4 , the causal agent of @entity2 rust. One of the RNAs appeared to represent a novel mycovirus and was designated @entity4 virus 2383 (PpV2383). The genome of PpV2383 resembles @entity5 , a double-stranded (ds) RNA mycovirus of @entity1 . PpV2383 encodes two major, overlapping open reading frames with similarity to gag (capsid protein) and pol (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase), and a -1 ribosomal frameshift is necessary for the translation of a gag-pol fusion protein. Phylogenetic analysis of pol relates PpV2383 to members of the family Totiviridae, including L-A. Because the obligate biotrophic nature of @entity4 makes it genetically intractable for in vivo analysis and because PpV2383 is similar to L-A, we synthesized a DNA clone of PpV2383 and tested its infectivity in @entity1 cells. PpV2383 RNA was successfully expressed in @entity1 , and mass spectrometry confirmed the translation of gag and gag-pol fusion proteins. There was, however, no production of PpV2383 dsRNA, the evidence of viral replication. Neither the presence of endogenous L-A nor the substitution of the 5' and 3' untranslated regions with those from @entity3 was sufficient to rescue replication of PpV2383. Nevertheless, the proof of transcription and translation from the clone in vivo are steps toward confirming that PpV2383 is a mycovirus. Further development of a surrogate biological system for the study of rust mycoviruses is necessary, and such research may facilitate biological control of @entity0 .

title: Expression of a synthetic rust fungal virus cDNA in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: @entity5 is common in @entity1 and usually (attributed to @entity4 ) . However, a proportion of @entity0 with @entity1 have symptoms of @entity5 without signs of @entity4 and these @entity0 were evaluated for chronic @entity6 . METHODS: Forty-two @entity0 with @entity1 (10 @entity0 , 32 @entity0 ), earlier investigated at @entity1 clinics because of @entity5 with no explanation for the symptoms, were examined. Their median age was 48 years (18-72 years) and the median duration of @entity1 was 29 years (1-45 years). Thirty-one @entity0 had @entity3 1 @entity1 , 11 had @entity3 2 @entity1 and 29 had @entity1 complications. All were investigated clinically, with radiography, bone scan and intramuscular pressure measurements. RESULTS: Thirty-eight of 42 @entity0 with @entity1 were diagnosed with chronic @entity6 of the lower leg and 32 were treated surgically. Thirty-one @entity0 were operated with fasciotomy of the anterior compartment and 18 also with fasciotomy of the posterior compartment. Additionally, one @entity0 had only fasciotomy of the posterior compartment. Fourteen of 32 surgically treated @entity0 (27 legs) were followed for more than 2 years and rated the post-operative outcome as excellent or good in 21 of the treated legs. The walking distance before lower @entity2 increased in all but one @entity0 and seven @entity0 reported unrestricted walking ability. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 should be considered as a differential diagnoses in @entity0 with @entity1 and exercise-related lower @entity2 . The results after surgery are encouraging and the increased walking ability is beneficial in the treatment of @entity1 .

title: XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIMS: @entity5 is common in @entity1 and usually (attributed to @entity4 ) . However, a proportion of @entity0 with @entity1 have symptoms of @entity5 without signs of @entity4 and these @entity0 were evaluated for chronic @entity6 . METHODS: Forty-two @entity0 with @entity1 (10 @entity0 , 32 @entity0 ), earlier investigated at @entity1 clinics because of @entity5 with no explanation for the symptoms, were examined. Their median age was 48 years (18-72 years) and the median duration of @entity1 was 29 years (1-45 years). Thirty-one @entity0 had @entity3 1 @entity1 , 11 had @entity3 2 @entity1 and 29 had @entity1 complications. All were investigated clinically, with radiography, bone scan and intramuscular pressure measurements. RESULTS: Thirty-eight of 42 @entity0 with @entity1 were diagnosed with chronic @entity6 of the lower leg and 32 were treated surgically. Thirty-one @entity0 were operated with fasciotomy of the anterior compartment and 18 also with fasciotomy of the posterior compartment. Additionally, one @entity0 had only fasciotomy of the posterior compartment. Fourteen of 32 surgically treated @entity0 (27 legs) were followed for more than 2 years and rated the post-operative outcome as excellent or good in 21 of the treated legs. The walking distance before lower @entity2 increased in all but one @entity0 and seven @entity0 reported unrestricted walking ability. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 should be considered as a differential diagnoses in @entity0 with @entity1 and exercise-related lower @entity2 . The results after surgery are encouraging and the increased walking ability is beneficial in the treatment of @entity1 .

title: @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 senses surfaces via impeded rotation of its polar flagellum. We have exploited this surface-sensing mechanism to trick the organism into thinking it is on a surface when it is growing in liquid. This facilitated studies of global gene expression in a way that avoided many of the complications of surface-to-liquid comparisons, and illuminated     70 genes that respond to surface sensing per se. Almost all are surface-induced (not repressed) and encode swarming motility proteins, virulence factors or sensory enzymes involved with chemoreception and @entity2 signalling. Follow-up studies were performed to place the surface-responsive genes in a regulatory hierarchy. Mapping the hierarchy revealed two surprises about LafK, a transcriptional activator that until now has been considered to be the master regulator for the lateral flagellar system. First, LafK controls a more diverse set of genes than previously appreciated. Second, some laf genes are not under LafK control, which means LafK is not the master regulator after all. Additional experiments motivated by the transcriptome analyses revealed that growth on a surface lowers @entity2 levels and enhances @entity0 . Thus, we demonstrate that @entity1 can invoke a programme of gene control upon encountering a surface and the specific identities of the surface-responsive genes are pertinent to colonization and pathogenesis.

title: Surface sensing in XXXX triggers a programme of gene expression that promotes colonization and virulence.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The applicability of ECG gated cardiac computed tomography (CT) in 12 @entity0 with @entity2 was examined. Six of the 12 @entity0 had @entity2 , including one @entity0 with mid-ventricular obstruction. Three of the 12 @entity0 had @entity2 , and three had apical @entity2 . The diagnosis of @entity2 was confirmed by the angiocardiogram in all @entity0 . Cardiac CT was performed after intravenous administration of contrast media usually given as a bolus injection. The gantry was set with positive 20 degree tilt angle. In all @entity0 with @entity2 except for mid-ventricular obstruction, the hypertrophied interventricular septum in the basal and mid portions was observed, and the left ventricular cavity was narrowed in systole. In a @entity0 with mid-ventricular obstruction, the marked hypertrophied interventricular septum and antero-lateral papillary muscle were observed. In diastole, the left ventricular cavity was narrow and divided into two parts. The apical cavity was completely disappeared in systole. In all @entity0 with @entity2 , the diffuse hypertrophied interventricular septum was observed in diastole. In systole, the apical portion of the left ventricular cavity was markedly narrow and anterio-lateral papillary muscle was @entity3 . In all @entity0 with apical @entity2 , the marked apical @entity3 of the left ventricular wall was observed in diastole. It is concluded that ECG gated cardiac CT could estimate @entity1 motion and thickness and differentiate the types of @entity2 each other.

title: [Assessment of XXXX by ECG gated cardiac computed tomography (author's transl)].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine: (1) changes in blood @entity5 , @entity8 (BA), @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity2 concentrations and liver enzyme activities in perioperative colic @entity0 and (2) the association between these laboratory findings and short-term survival. DESIGN: Prospective observational clinical study. ANIMALS: Thirty-two adult @entity4 undergoing exploratory celiotomy for colic. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Blood samples were collected preoperatively and at 24-36 and 72-84 hours postoperatively and analyzed for blood @entity5 , BA, @entity3 , @entity1 , and @entity2 concentrations and @entity6 dehydrogenase (SDH) and @entity7 transferase (GGT) activities. Short-term survival was defined as survival to hospital discharge. Data were analyzed using a Fisher's exact test and analysis of variance. Mildly increased blood @entity5 concentrations were present in 2 @entity4 at admission. Postoperative blood @entity5 concentrations were within reference intervals in all @entity4 . There were increases in liver enzyme activities as well as in BA, @entity1 , and total @entity3 concentrations. @entity4 with markedly increased admission BA concentrations and SDH activities did not survive. BA concentrations and SDH activities decreased postoperatively. There was no association between GGT activity and survival; GGT activity remained increased postoperatively. Blood @entity1 concentration was increased in almost all @entity4 postoperatively; @entity4 that did not survive had higher @entity1 concentrations at 24-36 hours postoperatively than @entity4 that survived. CONCLUSION: Alterations in metabolism and hepatobiliary function are common in colic @entity0 . The results of this study provide further prognostic indices for colic @entity0 and highlight areas for improvement in @entity0 management.

title: Hepatic and metabolic changes in surgical colic XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The series of events that occurs immediately after pathogen entrance into the body is largely speculative. Key aspects of these events are pathogen dissemination and pathogen interactions with the immune response as the invader moves into deeper tissues. We sought to define major events that occur early during @entity0 of a highly virulent pathogen. To this end, we tracked early dissemination of @entity3 , a highly pathogenic bacterium that causes @entity1 in mammals. Specifically, we addressed two fundamental questions: (1) do the bacteria encounter barriers in disseminating to draining @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and (2) what mechanism does this nonmotile bacterium use to reach the @entity2 compartment, as the prevailing model predicts trafficking in association with host cells. Infection was followed through microscopy imaging in addition to assessing bacterial population dynamics during dissemination from the skin. We found and characterized an unexpected bottleneck that severely restricts bacterial dissemination to LNs. The bacteria that do not pass through this bottleneck are confined to the skin, where large numbers of neutrophils arrive and efficiently control bacterial proliferation. Notably, bottleneck formation is route dependent, as it is abrogated after subcutaneous inoculation. Using a combination of approaches, including microscopy imaging, we tested the prevailing model of bacterial dissemination from the skin into LNs and found no evidence of involvement of migrating phagocytes in dissemination. Thus, early stages of @entity0 are defined by a bottleneck that restricts bacterial dissemination and by neutrophil-dependent control of bacterial proliferation in the skin. Furthermore, and as opposed to current models, our data indicate an intracellular stage is not required by @entity3 to disseminate from the skin to draining LNs. Because our findings address events that occur during early encounters of pathogen with the immune response, this work can inform efforts to prevent or control @entity0 .

title: Dissemination of a highly virulent pathogen: tracking the early events that define XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Little research has been done on the prevalence of @entity1 , and there is no consensus on the relationship between @entity1 and negative ulnar variance. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of @entity1 in middle-aged and elderly Japanese @entity0 and to clarify the relationship between @entity1 and negative ulnar variance. The authors analyzed plain radiographs of both hands in @entity0 40 years and older residing in the community to investigate the prevalence of @entity1 and the relationship between @entity1 and negative ulnar variance. @entity1 was seen in 7 of the 572 @entity0 . In the group with @entity1 , ulnar variance did not differ significantly between affected (0.3 mm; SD, 1.5) and unaffected (0.3 mm; SD, 1.0; P=.285) sides. No significant difference was seen in ulnar variance values between the affected side in the group with @entity1 and the normal group (P=.118). The number or proportion of @entity0 with negative ulnar variance did not differ significantly between the affected side in the group with @entity1 (3 of 7) and the unaffected side in the group with @entity1 (1 of 7; P=.237) and between the affected side in the group with @entity1 and the normal group (111 of 504; P=.189) by chi-square test. The prevalence of @entity1 was 1.2% in middle-aged and elderly Japanese @entity0 . Negative ulnar variance is not a contributing factor to @entity1 . [Orthopedics. 2015; 38(1):e14-e18.].

title: Epidemiology of Kienb  ck's Disease in Middle-aged and Elderly Japanese XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Scaling up @entity2 prevention programming among key populations (female sex workers and @entity0 who have sex with @entity0 ) has been a central strategy of the Government of India. However, state governments have lacked the technical and managerial capacity to oversee and scale up interventions or to absorb donor-funded programs. In response, the national government contracted Technical Support Units (TSUs), teams with expertise from the private and nongovernmental sectors, to collaborate with and assist state governments. In 2008, a TSU was established in Karnataka, one of 6 Indian states with the highest @entity2 prevalence in the country and where monitoring showed that its prevention programs were reaching only 5% of key populations. The TSU provided support to the state in 5 key areas: assisting in strategic planning, rolling out a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation system, providing supportive supervision to intervention units, facilitating training, and assisting with information, education, and communication activities. This collaborative management model helped to increase capacity of the state, enabling it to take over funding and oversight of @entity2 prevention programs previously funded through donors. With the combined efforts of the TSU and the state government, the number of intervention units statewide increased from 40 to 126 between 2009 and 2013. Monthly contacts with female sex workers increased from 5% in 2008 to 88% in 2012, and with @entity0 who have sex with @entity0 , from 36% in 2009 to 81% in 2012. There were also increases in the proportion of both populations who visited @entity2 testing and counseling centers (from 3% to 47% among female sex workers and from 6% to 33% among @entity0 who have sex with @entity0 ) and sexually transmitted infection clinics (from 4% to 75% among female sex workers and from 7% to 67% among @entity0 who have sex with @entity0 ). Changes in @entity1 among key populations were also documented. For example, between 2008 and 2010, the proportion of surveyed female sex workers in 9 districts reporting that they used a condom at last intercourse rose from 60% to 68%; in 6 districts, the proportion of surveyed @entity0 who have sex with @entity0 reporting that they used a condom at last anal sex increased from 89% to 97%. The Karnataka experience suggests that TSUs can help governments enhance managerial and technical resources and leverage funds more effectively. With careful management of the working and reporting relationships between the TSU and the state government, this additional capacity can pave the way for the government to improve and scale up programs and to absorb previously donor-funded programs.

title: Strengthening government management capacity to scale up XXXX prevention programs through the use of Technical Support Units: lessons from Karnataka state, India.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To validate a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) method for magnetic resonance imaging data that is designed to differentiate between pseudoprogression and early @entity1 progression (ETP) in @entity0 with @entity3 in an independent test set. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the local institutional review board, with waiver of the need to obtain informed consent. The study @entity0 were grouped chronologically into a training set (108 @entity0 ) and a test set (54 @entity0 ). The reference standard was pathologic findings or subsequent clinical-radiologic study results. By using the optimal cutoff determined in the training set, the diagnostic performance of @entity2 was subsequently tested in the test set and was compared with that of single-parameter measurements (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], normalized cerebral blood volume [nCBV], and initial area under the time-signal intensity curve). Results Interreader agreement was highest for @entity2 (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.87-0.89). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that @entity2 performed the best as a classifier, although statistical significance was not demonstrated with respect to the nCBV in the training set. In the test set, the diagnostic accuracy of @entity2 was higher than that of any single-parameter measurements, but this trend reached significance only for the ADC. When the entire population was considered, @entity2 had significantly better diagnostic accuracy than did any single parameter (P = .003-.046 for reader 1; P = .002-.016 for reader 2). Results of fivefold cross validation confirmed the trends in both the training set and the test set. Conclusion @entity2 is a superior and more reproducible imaging biomarker than single-parameter measurements for differentiating between pseudoprogression and ETP in @entity0 with @entity3 . (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Pseudoprogression in @entity0 with XXXX : Assessment by Using Volume-weighted Voxel-based Multiparametric Clustering of MR Imaging Data in an Independent Test Set.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To validate a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) method for magnetic resonance imaging data that is designed to differentiate between pseudoprogression and early @entity1 progression (ETP) in @entity0 with @entity3 in an independent test set. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by the local institutional review board, with waiver of the need to obtain informed consent. The study @entity0 were grouped chronologically into a training set (108 @entity0 ) and a test set (54 @entity0 ). The reference standard was pathologic findings or subsequent clinical-radiologic study results. By using the optimal cutoff determined in the training set, the diagnostic performance of @entity2 was subsequently tested in the test set and was compared with that of single-parameter measurements (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], normalized cerebral blood volume [nCBV], and initial area under the time-signal intensity curve). Results Interreader agreement was highest for @entity2 (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.87-0.89). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that @entity2 performed the best as a classifier, although statistical significance was not demonstrated with respect to the nCBV in the training set. In the test set, the diagnostic accuracy of @entity2 was higher than that of any single-parameter measurements, but this trend reached significance only for the ADC. When the entire population was considered, @entity2 had significantly better diagnostic accuracy than did any single parameter (P = .003-.046 for reader 1; P = .002-.016 for reader 2). Results of fivefold cross validation confirmed the trends in both the training set and the test set. Conclusion @entity2 is a superior and more reproducible imaging biomarker than single-parameter measurements for differentiating between pseudoprogression and ETP in @entity0 with @entity3 . (  ) RSNA, 2015 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Pseudoprogression in XXXX with @entity3 : Assessment by Using Volume-weighted Voxel-based Multiparametric Clustering of MR Imaging Data in an Independent Test Set.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Two single-subject experiments were conducted in public school classrooms for severely emotionally disturbed @entity0 . Both experiments investigated the effects of a treatment requiring a @entity0 to exhibit a simple exercise task after a verbal or @entity1 response, using reversal and multiple-baseline designs. The independent variable, contingent exercise, required standing up and sitting on the floor five to ten times contingent on an @entity1 . It was found that contingent exercise was easy to carry out, and following it, the @entity0 quickly returned to the learning task that had been interrupted by the @entity1 . The contingent exercise procedure required a minimum of prompting or manual guidance. Although contingent exercise was not topographically related to the inappropriate response, it decreased those responses dramatically. The results suggested that contingent exercise was not only more powerful than DRO but also could be administered independently. It was concluded that contingent exercise may constitute an alternative procedure that can be used by therapists confronted with severely abnormal behaviors. It would appear to be particularly relevant in settings where procedures such as timeout and @entity2 consequences find restricted use. Finally, a number of guidelines have been proposed as a safeguard against the misuse of this mild but powerful procedure.

title: Contingent exercise: a mild but powerful procedure for suppressing inappropriate verbal and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This experiment was conducted to investigate the seasonal pattern of hair follicle activity, wool growth and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in Sanjabi @entity0 in west Iran, Kermanshah (34   18' N and 47   3' E, elevation 1420  m). Ten male and 10 female Sanjabi @entity0 with an initial live weight of 32.1        1.3 and 32.7        1.5 (means        SD), respectively, were used in a 365-day study. A diet was offered with an estimated concentration of 2.18  Mcal metabolizable energy and 130.0  g/kg DM crude protein. Body weight, average daily gain ( @entity3 ) and dry matter intake (DMI) were recorded weekly. The percentages of active primary and secondary wool follicles (PAP and PAS), follicle density and the ratio of secondary to primary follicles (S/P) were determined from skin biopsies, taken from the right mid-side of the @entity0 at monthly intervals. Raw and clean fibre growth rates and @entity1 were measured from left mid-side patches (10   *   10  cm) harvested at the end of every month. There was a gradual increase in live weight throughout the experiment, while @entity3 and @entity2 changed in concert with day length. The greatest values for PAP and PAS were observed in summer, whereas lowest were obtained in winter (p   <   0.001). Clean wool growth rate and @entity1 were greatest (p   <   0.001) in summer and lowest (p   <   0.001) in winter. It is concluded that a seasonal cycle of feed intake, body growth, fibre follicle activity, wool growth and @entity1 occur in fat-tailed Sanjabi @entity0 .

title: Seasonal variation of fibre follicle activity and wool growth in fat-tailed Sanjabi XXXX in west Iran.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Nineteen cases of @entity5 of the thyroid treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital from 1962 to 1979 are reviewed. In all @entity0 the encapsulated nodules had histologic evidence of capsular or vascular invasion. There were 13 @entity0 and six @entity0 with ages ranging from 14 to 74 years. Eight of the 19 @entity0 underwent large-needle thyroid biopsies before surgery, and in each @entity0 a @entity3 was identified requiring surgery to exclude @entity2 . The operative approach was @entity6 with removal of sufficient thyroid tissue to assure that resection margins were free of disease. The size of the @entity2 ranged from 2 to 6.5 cm in greatest diameter. The mean follow-up was 112 months. Three @entity0 developed @entity4 . Four @entity0 developed @entity1 to the bone, brain, or lung. The time from initial operation to recurrence or @entity1 ranged from 0 to 241 months (mean, 69 months). There was a 5-year survival rate of 88% and a 10-year survival rate of 78%. Only two of the six @entity0 with complete follow-up died of @entity7 . Of the 16 @entity0 with recurrent or metastatic disease, two died of the disease. No @entity0 whose lesion was 3 cm or smaller developed @entity1 or recurrences, and of the 10 @entity0 with lesions 3.5 cm or larger, six developed metastatic or recurrent disease. Age was also a prognostic factor, since four of the six @entity0 over 60 years old developed recurrent or metastatic disease.

title: XXXX of the thyroid: diagnosis, treatment, and results.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluate effects of a @entity3 universal screening protocol in newly diagnosed @entity2 on subsequent genetic counseling (GC) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) referral and acceptance rates. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of @entity0 who underwent a hysterectomy for @entity2 at Barnes Jewish Hospital in St. Louis, MO between 1/1/2011 and 12/31/2013 (n=637). An immunohistochemistry-based (IHC) universal screening protocol for @entity3 was initiated on 12/17/2012. The cohorts consisted of @entity0 presenting prior to (Pre-Em-USP; n=395) and those presenting following (Em-USP; n=242) initiation of the universal screening protocol. GC and @entity1 referrals were based on risk factors and/or IHC results. Comparisons were made using the Fisher's exact test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: A greater proportion of individuals in the Em-USP cohort underwent @entity1 than in Pre-Em-USP (9.1% vs 4.8%, p<0.05). Of individuals with an IHC screening result suggestive of @entity4 , those within the Em-USP cohort were significantly more likely to accept GC compared to those in the Pre-Em-USP cohort (95% vs 64%, p=0.02). Specifically within the Em-USP cohort, @entity0 referred to GC due to a concerning IHC screening result, versus those who were referred based on other risk factors, had a higher counseling acceptance rate (95% vs 61%, p=0.03) and underwent genetic testing more readily (76% vs 30%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of an IHC-based universal screening protocol for @entity4 in @entity2 leads to higher acceptance of genetic counseling and higher rates of genetic testing compared to referral based on risk factors alone.

title: Impact of an immunohistochemistry-based universal screening protocol for XXXX in @entity2 on genetic counseling and testing.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Evaluate effects of a @entity3 universal screening protocol in newly diagnosed @entity2 on subsequent genetic counseling (GC) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) referral and acceptance rates. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of @entity0 who underwent a hysterectomy for @entity2 at Barnes Jewish Hospital in St. Louis, MO between 1/1/2011 and 12/31/2013 (n=637). An immunohistochemistry-based (IHC) universal screening protocol for @entity3 was initiated on 12/17/2012. The cohorts consisted of @entity0 presenting prior to (Pre-Em-USP; n=395) and those presenting following (Em-USP; n=242) initiation of the universal screening protocol. GC and @entity1 referrals were based on risk factors and/or IHC results. Comparisons were made using the Fisher's exact test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: A greater proportion of individuals in the Em-USP cohort underwent @entity1 than in Pre-Em-USP (9.1% vs 4.8%, p<0.05). Of individuals with an IHC screening result suggestive of @entity4 , those within the Em-USP cohort were significantly more likely to accept GC compared to those in the Pre-Em-USP cohort (95% vs 64%, p=0.02). Specifically within the Em-USP cohort, @entity0 referred to GC due to a concerning IHC screening result, versus those who were referred based on other risk factors, had a higher counseling acceptance rate (95% vs 61%, p=0.03) and underwent genetic testing more readily (76% vs 30%, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of an IHC-based universal screening protocol for @entity4 in @entity2 leads to higher acceptance of genetic counseling and higher rates of genetic testing compared to referral based on risk factors alone.

title: Impact of an immunohistochemistry-based universal screening protocol for @entity3 in XXXX on genetic counseling and testing.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A controlled trial of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and Male-Trauma Recovery Empowerment Model (M-TREM) examined implementation and effectiveness of integrated group therapy for comorbid @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on @entity3 and mental health symptoms plus self-esteem and efficacy for incarcerated @entity0 . The study sample (n=230) was male inmates 18 years or older who were primarily non-white, high school graduates or equivalents, had childhood @entity1 histories, committed violent crimes, had serious mental illnesses, and resided in a maximum security prison. Incarcerated @entity0 , who screened positive for @entity3 and @entity2 , were assigned randomly (n=142) or by preference (n=88) to receive @entity4 or M-TREM, with a waitlist group of (n=93). Manualized interventions were group-administered for 14 weeks. Primary outcomes were @entity3 and other mental health symptoms. Secondary outcomes were self-esteem, coping, and self-efficacy. @entity2 outcomes cannot be measured in a correctional setting. Implementation feasibility was exhibited by the ability to recruit, screen, assign, and retain @entity0 . Effectiveness findings depended on sample, design, and method for analysis. Using a waitlist control group and no follow-up period, we found no aggregate effect of treatment on @entity3 symptoms, although, when disaggregated, M-TREM was found to improve @entity3 severity and @entity4 improved general mental health symptoms and psychological functioning. Using intent-to-treat and completer analyses, no significant differences were found in the relative performance between @entity4 and M-TREM on primary or secondary outcomes. When longitudinal data were maximized and modeled in ways that reflect the hierarchical nature of the data, we found that @entity4 and M-TREM performed better than no treatment on @entity3 severity and secondary outcomes, and that treatment benefits endured. Findings cautiously support implementing either @entity4 or M-TREM to treat incarcerated @entity0 with co-morbid @entity3 and addiction problems.

title: Implementation and effectiveness of integrated XXXX and addiction treatment for incarcerated @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A controlled trial of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and Male-Trauma Recovery Empowerment Model (M-TREM) examined implementation and effectiveness of integrated group therapy for comorbid @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on @entity3 and mental health symptoms plus self-esteem and efficacy for incarcerated @entity0 . The study sample (n=230) was male inmates 18 years or older who were primarily non-white, high school graduates or equivalents, had childhood @entity1 histories, committed violent crimes, had serious mental illnesses, and resided in a maximum security prison. Incarcerated @entity0 , who screened positive for @entity3 and @entity2 , were assigned randomly (n=142) or by preference (n=88) to receive @entity4 or M-TREM, with a waitlist group of (n=93). Manualized interventions were group-administered for 14 weeks. Primary outcomes were @entity3 and other mental health symptoms. Secondary outcomes were self-esteem, coping, and self-efficacy. @entity2 outcomes cannot be measured in a correctional setting. Implementation feasibility was exhibited by the ability to recruit, screen, assign, and retain @entity0 . Effectiveness findings depended on sample, design, and method for analysis. Using a waitlist control group and no follow-up period, we found no aggregate effect of treatment on @entity3 symptoms, although, when disaggregated, M-TREM was found to improve @entity3 severity and @entity4 improved general mental health symptoms and psychological functioning. Using intent-to-treat and completer analyses, no significant differences were found in the relative performance between @entity4 and M-TREM on primary or secondary outcomes. When longitudinal data were maximized and modeled in ways that reflect the hierarchical nature of the data, we found that @entity4 and M-TREM performed better than no treatment on @entity3 severity and secondary outcomes, and that treatment benefits endured. Findings cautiously support implementing either @entity4 or M-TREM to treat incarcerated @entity0 with co-morbid @entity3 and addiction problems.

title: Implementation and effectiveness of integrated @entity1 and addiction treatment for incarcerated XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Normal pressure @entity9 (NPH) is a treatable @entity0 developing in the elderly. It is characterized by @entity2 , @entity6 and @entity4 development caused by disorders in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation. The diagnosis can be easily mistaken for other @entity3 , which are often accompanied by @entity1 and the production of cytokines. The aim of our study was to determine and compare selected CSF and plasma cytokines with respect to their informative value for laboratory diagnostics of NPH. METHODS: The levels of @entity10 , @entity11 , @entity7 , @entity8 , @entity12 , @entity14 , @entity18 , @entity16 , @entity13 , @entity17 , @entity19 , @entity15 , INF-y, sCD40L and @entity5 were measured in the CSF and plasma in age-matched subjects with NPH (n=20) and controls (n=20) by multiplex assay. RESULTS: CSF @entity10 , @entity7 and @entity8 were significantly increased on the 1st day of lumbar drainage in NPH (p<0.01). No significant changes were observed in the plasma. The CSF cytokines were one to three orders of magnitude higher compared to the plasma. CONCLUSION: CSF can better show the neurodegenerative changes in the brain. The cytokines @entity10 , @entity7 and @entity8 may be helpful in NPH diagnostics.

title: Selected pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid in normal pressure XXXX .

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity2 remains a common cause of @entity1 in surgical @entity0 . Progress in this area with improved survival rates is difficult to demonstrate despite the use of antibiotics, nutritional support, and aggressive maintenance of function of failed organs. This report documents our experience with planned reoperation to cleanse the abdominal cavity in 77 @entity0 with generalized @entity2 . In 34 of the @entity0 , reoperation to cleanse the abdominal cavity was performed every 24 to 48 hours after the first operation until the abdominal cavity was judged to be clean. Forty-three @entity0 underwent a single operation for intraabdominal contamination and were treated expectantly, only undergoing reoperation for signs of recurrent infection. In all @entity0 , the hole in the intestinal tract was controlled primarily by stoma formation at the initial operation to treat @entity2 . @entity0 with @entity3 were excluded. The severity of illness in the two @entity0 groups was compared by a modified acute physiologic score. Planned reoperation was not associated with improvement in survival when compared with @entity0 managed expectantly. @entity0 managed by planned reoperation had significantly more laparotomies than @entity0 managed expectantly without improving survival. The results of this study disclosed that empiric reoperation to clean the abdominal cavity in @entity0 with generalized @entity2 produced no improvement in survival when compared with observation and reoperation when indicated.

title: Planned reoperation for generalized XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) belonging to the @entity14 family have been identified from the salivary glands of different black @entity4 species, however, the immunological functions for these molecules were poorly understood. METHODS: A novel @entity14 -like antimicrobial peptide (SibaCec) was purified using reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) from the salivary glands of the black @entity4 Simulium bannaense. The @entity10 sequence of SibaCec was determined by a combination method of automated Edman degradation and cDNA sequencing. The morphologic changes of Gram-negative bacteria @entity6 treated with SibaCec were assessed by @entity11 ( @entity11 ). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to analyze the mRNA expression of the @entity15 ( @entity15 ) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. @entity7 (NO) generation was examined using a Griess assay and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activation of @entity12 ( @entity12 ), @entity13 , and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) were assessed by Western blotting analysis. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy was performed to evaluate the secondary structure of SibaCec in solvent environment. Interaction of SibaCec with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied using @entity8 ( @entity9 )- conjugated LPS aggregates. Neutralization of LPS by SibaCec was assayed with the chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test. qPCR was also used to analyze the expression of SibaCec mRNA in the salivary glands of insects after @entity5 with the bacteria @entity6 . RESULTS: SibaCec possessed potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, and showed low @entity3 toward @entity0 cells. @entity11 analysis indicated that SibaCec killed bacteria through the disruption of cell membrane integrity. Furthermore, SibaCec significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as @entity1 @entity2 factor-a (TNF-a), interferon-1b (IL-1b) and interferon-6 (IL-6) by blocking the activation of MAPKs and NF-kB signaling pathways. It mainly adopted an a-helix conformation in membrane-mimetic environments. SibaCec could interact and neutralize LPS. @entity5 with bacteria caused an upregulation of the expression of SibaCec. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that in addition to the bactericidal capacity, SibaCec can function as immune regulator, inhibiting host secretion of inflammatory factors.

title: A XXXX -like antimicrobial peptide with anti-inflammatory activity from the black @entity4 salivary glands.

answer: @entity14


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) belonging to the @entity14 family have been identified from the salivary glands of different black @entity4 species, however, the immunological functions for these molecules were poorly understood. METHODS: A novel @entity14 -like antimicrobial peptide (SibaCec) was purified using reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) from the salivary glands of the black @entity4 Simulium bannaense. The @entity10 sequence of SibaCec was determined by a combination method of automated Edman degradation and cDNA sequencing. The morphologic changes of Gram-negative bacteria @entity6 treated with SibaCec were assessed by @entity11 ( @entity11 ). Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to analyze the mRNA expression of the @entity15 ( @entity15 ) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. @entity7 (NO) generation was examined using a Griess assay and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activation of @entity12 ( @entity12 ), @entity13 , and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) were assessed by Western blotting analysis. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy was performed to evaluate the secondary structure of SibaCec in solvent environment. Interaction of SibaCec with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied using @entity8 ( @entity9 )- conjugated LPS aggregates. Neutralization of LPS by SibaCec was assayed with the chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test. qPCR was also used to analyze the expression of SibaCec mRNA in the salivary glands of insects after @entity5 with the bacteria @entity6 . RESULTS: SibaCec possessed potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, and showed low @entity3 toward @entity0 cells. @entity11 analysis indicated that SibaCec killed bacteria through the disruption of cell membrane integrity. Furthermore, SibaCec significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as @entity1 @entity2 factor-a (TNF-a), interferon-1b (IL-1b) and interferon-6 (IL-6) by blocking the activation of MAPKs and NF-kB signaling pathways. It mainly adopted an a-helix conformation in membrane-mimetic environments. SibaCec could interact and neutralize LPS. @entity5 with bacteria caused an upregulation of the expression of SibaCec. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that in addition to the bactericidal capacity, SibaCec can function as immune regulator, inhibiting host secretion of inflammatory factors.

title: A @entity14 -like antimicrobial peptide with anti-inflammatory activity from the black XXXX salivary glands.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 (BPH) is a common disease that affects @entity0 as they age. Historically the treatment has been primarily surgical in nature, but over the past 25 years significant advances in medical therapy have been made, sparing some @entity0 from interventional procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This article highlights the current state-of-the-art with respect to medical therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to BPH (BPH-LUTS) including a review of landmark studies and recent areas of research in the field. RESULTS: Alpha blockers are considered first line when treating BPH-LUTS in @entity0 with small prostates and @entity5 inhibitors (5-ARIs) are recommended in @entity0 with large symptomatic prostates. While, @entity4 ( @entity4 ) inhibitors are the mainstay of @entity1 therapy, they also play a role in treating BPH-LUTS. If @entity0 have persistent irritative storage symptoms after first line BPH therapy then @entity3 ( @entity3 ) medications can be added or substituted. Combination therapies can be used to provide short term symptom relief with long term disease management. CONCLUSIONS: Medical therapy remains the main treatment option for @entity0 suffering from BPH-LUTS. Numerous medical options are available that can be tailored to meet the individual's needs depending on their personal and prostate characteristics. An algorithmic approach, as we have defined within this article, can be a helpful guide to this decision-making process.

title: Medical therapy for XXXX : a review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy and local excision via transanal endoscopic surgery (TEM) in T2-3s,N0,M0 @entity1 achieve promising results in selected @entity0 . We describe our long-term follow-up experience with this combination, and evaluate complete clinical and pathological responses, local recurrence and overall survival. METHODS: The prospective observational follow-up study carried out since 2007. Out of 476 consecutive @entity0 treated with TEM, we selected those with @entity4 of low or moderate grade of differentiation, clinical stages T2-superficial T3,N0,M0, who refused radical surgery. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy comprised @entity5 or @entity3 combined with radiotherapy at a dose of 50.4  Gy. TEM was performed after 8 weeks. Complications were recorded and long-term follow-up was conducted. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy and TEM (median age 76  years, 95  % CI 70.3-80.4, and median follow-up 38  months, 95  % @entity6 -44) were studied. No local recurrence was observed, and only one @entity0 (6.7  %) presented systemic relapse. The overall survival was 76  %. Complete clinical response was achieved in seven @entity0 (46.7  %) and complete pathological response in four (26.7  %). With regard to @entity2 associated with neoadjuvant treatment, four @entity0 (26.7  %) developed grade 3 adverse effects; no grade 4 or 5 adverse effects were observed. There was no postoperative mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study, with a response rate of 26.7  % and without local relapse, support the treatment of T2-3s,N0,M0 of @entity1 with preoperative chemoradiotherapy and local excision (TEM).

title: Further evidence for preoperative chemoradiotherapy and transanal endoscopic surgery (TEM) in T2-3s,N0,M0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sleeping in prone position could be effective in the management of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) syndrome by reducing the gravity effect on the upper airway and hence collapsibility. Effect of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) treatment was investigated in mild to moderate @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Twenty-nine mild to moderate @entity1 @entity0 (17 males, 12 females) who gave informed consent were tested with polysomnography at diagnostic and @entity2 nights. @entity2 device consisted of a pillow mounted on a table with a hole in the middle keeping the neck 180   extended in prone position. Mean        SD of age and AHI were 48.4        10.6 and 15.5        6.2, respectively. @entity0 did not have abdominal and/or truncalobesity, or any condition that could interfere with prone sleeping. RESULTS: AHI (mean difference: @entity2 treatment   -   diagnostic night: -5.2/h, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.1/h to -10.3/h, p   =   0.04) and sleep oxygen saturation below 90% (mean difference: -1.80%, 95% CI: -0.22% to -3.37%, p   =   0.02) and sleep efficiency (81.0        21.2% and 88.1        7.1 %, respectively, p   =   0.02) were significantly lower in @entity2 than diagnostic night. Response to @entity2 treatment defined as AHI <5/h in the @entity2 night was observed in 15 (51.7%) @entity0 , with a better rate in female than male @entity0 (9/12 vs. 6/17, respectively, p   =   0.03). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of prone positioning in the treatment of mild to moderate @entity1 . Application of @entity2 with a more comfortable design in a randomized clinical trial is required to investigate its long term effect in the treatment of mild to moderate @entity1 .

title: Effect of prone positioning in mild to moderate XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mode of onset and the course of @entity1 @entity2 exhibit substantial individual variations. Previous studies have pointed out that the mode of onset affects the duration of untreated @entity3 (DUP) and clinical outcomes, such as cognitive and social functioning. This study attempted to clarify the association between the DUP and clinical features, taking the different modes of onset into consideration, in a prospective longitudinal study examining @entity0 with first-episode @entity1 . METHODS: This study was conducted in six areas of Japan. @entity0 with first-episode @entity1 were followed for over 18 months. Cognitive function, psychopathology, and social functioning were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18-month follow-up points. RESULTS: We identified 168 @entity0 and sufficient information was available to determine the DUP and the mode of onset for 156 @entity0 (92.9%): 79 had an acute onset, and 77 had an insidious onset. The DUP was significantly associated with quality of life (QOL), social functioning, and cognitive function at most of the follow-up points in the insidious-onset group. The DUP and negative symptoms at baseline were significant predictors of cognitive function at the 18-month follow-up in the insidious-onset group. CONCLUSIONS: The present results further support the hypothesis that the DUP affects QOL, social functioning, and cognitive function over the course of @entity2 , especially in @entity0 with an insidious onset. Effective strategies for detecting and caring for individuals with insidious onset early during the course of @entity1 will be essential for achieving a full @entity0 recovery.

title: Differential impacts of duration of untreated @entity3 (DUP) on cognitive function in first-episode XXXX according to mode of onset.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mode of onset and the course of @entity1 @entity2 exhibit substantial individual variations. Previous studies have pointed out that the mode of onset affects the duration of untreated @entity3 (DUP) and clinical outcomes, such as cognitive and social functioning. This study attempted to clarify the association between the DUP and clinical features, taking the different modes of onset into consideration, in a prospective longitudinal study examining @entity0 with first-episode @entity1 . METHODS: This study was conducted in six areas of Japan. @entity0 with first-episode @entity1 were followed for over 18 months. Cognitive function, psychopathology, and social functioning were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, and 18-month follow-up points. RESULTS: We identified 168 @entity0 and sufficient information was available to determine the DUP and the mode of onset for 156 @entity0 (92.9%): 79 had an acute onset, and 77 had an insidious onset. The DUP was significantly associated with quality of life (QOL), social functioning, and cognitive function at most of the follow-up points in the insidious-onset group. The DUP and negative symptoms at baseline were significant predictors of cognitive function at the 18-month follow-up in the insidious-onset group. CONCLUSIONS: The present results further support the hypothesis that the DUP affects QOL, social functioning, and cognitive function over the course of @entity2 , especially in @entity0 with an insidious onset. Effective strategies for detecting and caring for individuals with insidious onset early during the course of @entity1 will be essential for achieving a full @entity0 recovery.

title: Differential impacts of duration of untreated XXXX (DUP) on cognitive function in first-episode @entity1 according to mode of onset.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is one of the serious complications after extended thymectomy for @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study aims to clarify the risk factors of @entity1 occurrence. METHODS: The clinical data of 55 @entity2 @entity0 (25 male, 30 female; median age, 51 years) who underwent extended thymectomy at Kyoto University from 2000 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical outcomes and pre- and perioperative predictive factors of @entity1 were analysed. RESULTS: The preoperative @entity2 Foundation of America stage was I, II, III and IV in 24, 22, 8 and 1 @entity0 , respectively. Ten @entity0 (18.2%) developed @entity1 ; 6 required prolonged intubation over 24 h and 4 required reventilatory support. All @entity0 were weaned after 5.6 (2-26) days of ventilator support, and were discharged. Univariate analysis revealed a correlation with a high preoperative anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody titre (P = 0.009), history of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) (P = 0.0004) and unstable @entity2 after preoperative medical therapy (P = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed history of @entity3 (odds ratio, 11.84; 95% confidential interval, 1.05-372; P = 0.045) and unstable @entity2 (odds ratio, 29.45; 95% confidential interval, 2.00-1063; P = 0.013) independently predicted @entity1 . The surgical response rate was not significantly different between the two groups (66.7% with @entity1 , 85.4% without @entity1 ; P = 0.334). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 occurred more frequently in unstable @entity2 before surgery or in @entity0 with a history of @entity3 . Adequate preoperative medical therapy and perioperative care should be provided to these @entity0 .

title: Predictive factors of @entity3 after extended thymectomy for @entity0 with XXXX

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is one of the serious complications after extended thymectomy for @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study aims to clarify the risk factors of @entity1 occurrence. METHODS: The clinical data of 55 @entity2 @entity0 (25 male, 30 female; median age, 51 years) who underwent extended thymectomy at Kyoto University from 2000 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical outcomes and pre- and perioperative predictive factors of @entity1 were analysed. RESULTS: The preoperative @entity2 Foundation of America stage was I, II, III and IV in 24, 22, 8 and 1 @entity0 , respectively. Ten @entity0 (18.2%) developed @entity1 ; 6 required prolonged intubation over 24 h and 4 required reventilatory support. All @entity0 were weaned after 5.6 (2-26) days of ventilator support, and were discharged. Univariate analysis revealed a correlation with a high preoperative anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody titre (P = 0.009), history of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) (P = 0.0004) and unstable @entity2 after preoperative medical therapy (P = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed history of @entity3 (odds ratio, 11.84; 95% confidential interval, 1.05-372; P = 0.045) and unstable @entity2 (odds ratio, 29.45; 95% confidential interval, 2.00-1063; P = 0.013) independently predicted @entity1 . The surgical response rate was not significantly different between the two groups (66.7% with @entity1 , 85.4% without @entity1 ; P = 0.334). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 occurred more frequently in unstable @entity2 before surgery or in @entity0 with a history of @entity3 . Adequate preoperative medical therapy and perioperative care should be provided to these @entity0 .

title: Predictive factors of XXXX after extended thymectomy for @entity0 with @entity2

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is one of the serious complications after extended thymectomy for @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This study aims to clarify the risk factors of @entity1 occurrence. METHODS: The clinical data of 55 @entity2 @entity0 (25 male, 30 female; median age, 51 years) who underwent extended thymectomy at Kyoto University from 2000 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical outcomes and pre- and perioperative predictive factors of @entity1 were analysed. RESULTS: The preoperative @entity2 Foundation of America stage was I, II, III and IV in 24, 22, 8 and 1 @entity0 , respectively. Ten @entity0 (18.2%) developed @entity1 ; 6 required prolonged intubation over 24 h and 4 required reventilatory support. All @entity0 were weaned after 5.6 (2-26) days of ventilator support, and were discharged. Univariate analysis revealed a correlation with a high preoperative anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody titre (P = 0.009), history of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) (P = 0.0004) and unstable @entity2 after preoperative medical therapy (P = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed history of @entity3 (odds ratio, 11.84; 95% confidential interval, 1.05-372; P = 0.045) and unstable @entity2 (odds ratio, 29.45; 95% confidential interval, 2.00-1063; P = 0.013) independently predicted @entity1 . The surgical response rate was not significantly different between the two groups (66.7% with @entity1 , 85.4% without @entity1 ; P = 0.334). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 occurred more frequently in unstable @entity2 before surgery or in @entity0 with a history of @entity3 . Adequate preoperative medical therapy and perioperative care should be provided to these @entity0 .

title: Predictive factors of @entity3 after extended thymectomy for XXXX with @entity2

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The development of multidrug resistance greatly impedes effective @entity3 therapy. Recent advances in @entity3 research have demonstrated that acquisition of multidrug resistance by @entity3 cells is usually accompanied by enhanced cell invasiveness. Several lines of evidence indicated that cross activation of other signaling pathways during development of drug resistance may increase invasive potential of multidrug-resistant (MDR) @entity3 cells. However, the accurate mechanism of this process is largely undefined. In this study, to better understand the associated molecular pathways responsible for @entity3 progression induced by drug resistance, a MDR @entity1 @entity0 cell line SK-BR-3/EPR with P-glycoprotein overexpression was established using stepwise long-term exposure to increasing concentration of @entity4 . The SK-BR-3/EPR cell line exhibited decreased cell proliferative activity, but enhanced cell invasive capacity. We showed that the expression of metastasis-related @entity6 was elevated in SK-BR-3/EPR cells. Moreover, SK-BR-3/EPR cells showed elevated activation of @entity5 . Activation of @entity5 signaling is responsible for enhanced invasiveness of SK-BR-3/EPR cells through upregulation of @entity6 . @entity5 is a well-known oncogene and is frequently implicated in tumorigenesis and chemotherapeutic resistance. Our findings augment insight into the mechanism underlying the functional association between MDR and @entity2 .

title: Elevated XXXX Signaling-Mediated Upregulation of MMP-2/9 Confers Enhanced Invasion Ability in Multidrug-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Minimum rim width (MRW) and area (MRA) have been introduced as anatomically defensible measures of neuroretinal rim tissue observable using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). They have been reported to change earlier than retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) in @entity3 . This study sought to determine which is better to distinguish subsequent change from variability, using the previously described longitudinal signal-to-noise ratio (LSNR). METHODS: Data from 157 eyes of 157 @entity0 with high-risk ocular @entity2 or non-end-stage @entity3 (mean deviation [MD] from -22 to +3 dB) were used. @entity0 were tested approximately every 6 months for at least six visits. For each eye, MRW, MRA, and RNFLT were regressed linearly against time. Longitudinal signal-to-noise ratio for each eye was defined as the rate of change over time (signal) divided by the standard deviation of residuals from this trend (noise). These were compared between parameters using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS: The median LSNRs were -0.58y      for RNFLT (bootstrapped 95% confidence interval -0.69 to -0.48y     ); -0.44y      (-0.59 to -0.32y     ) for MRW; and -0.23y      (-0.32 to -0.08y     ) for MRA. Longitudinal signal-to-noise ratios were significantly more negative for RNFLT than for MRW (P = 0.025) or for MRA (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measured by SDOCT had a better LSNR than MRW or MRA. Although MRW and MRA may be more sensitive for early detection of @entity1 , these data suggest that RNFLT may be preferable for monitoring change.

title: Structural Measurements for Monitoring Change in XXXX : Comparing Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness With Minimum Rim Width and Area.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 is characterized by nonspecific signs and clinical symptoms arising at late stages. Early detection is therefore important and may significantly improve the survival rate. Cancer antigen 125 ( @entity5 ) has been the most extensively studied serum biomarker in @entity2 , but low specificity limits its usefulness. A relatively novel biomarker, @entity0 epididymis protein 4 ( @entity3 ), has shown promise in early detection of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate how early the @entity1 marker increases before diagnosis. METHODS/MATERIALS: A nested case-control design was used to evaluate the performance of @entity3 and @entity5 in prediagnostic serum samples from the Janus Serumbank. Serial specimens from 120 @entity0 with @entity2 were compared with healthy controls. Serum level of @entity5 , @entity3 , and @entity4 was measured. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate impact of smoking, age, storage time, and lag time (time from sampling until date of diagnosis). RESULTS: Spearman correlation showed a strong positive correlation between @entity3 and smoking in both cases and controls. Multiple linear regression analyses for pairwise differences between case and control showed that serum level of @entity3 and @entity5 was significantly increased (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively) 2 years before diagnosis and that @entity5 also was significantly increased up to 4 years before diagnosis (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that a difference between cases and controls in serum concentration of @entity3 seemed to be increased 2 years before diagnosis and that @entity5 was increased until 4 years before diagnosis.

title: XXXX as an Early Detection Biomarker of @entity2 : Investigations in Prediagnostic Specimens From the Janus Serumbank.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 is characterized by nonspecific signs and clinical symptoms arising at late stages. Early detection is therefore important and may significantly improve the survival rate. Cancer antigen 125 ( @entity5 ) has been the most extensively studied serum biomarker in @entity2 , but low specificity limits its usefulness. A relatively novel biomarker, @entity0 epididymis protein 4 ( @entity3 ), has shown promise in early detection of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate how early the @entity1 marker increases before diagnosis. METHODS/MATERIALS: A nested case-control design was used to evaluate the performance of @entity3 and @entity5 in prediagnostic serum samples from the Janus Serumbank. Serial specimens from 120 @entity0 with @entity2 were compared with healthy controls. Serum level of @entity5 , @entity3 , and @entity4 was measured. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate impact of smoking, age, storage time, and lag time (time from sampling until date of diagnosis). RESULTS: Spearman correlation showed a strong positive correlation between @entity3 and smoking in both cases and controls. Multiple linear regression analyses for pairwise differences between case and control showed that serum level of @entity3 and @entity5 was significantly increased (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively) 2 years before diagnosis and that @entity5 also was significantly increased up to 4 years before diagnosis (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that a difference between cases and controls in serum concentration of @entity3 seemed to be increased 2 years before diagnosis and that @entity5 was increased until 4 years before diagnosis.

title: @entity3 as an Early Detection Biomarker of XXXX : Investigations in Prediagnostic Specimens From the Janus Serumbank.

answer: @entity2