abstract: Quantitative imaging methods using high-frequency ultrasound (HFU) offer a means of characterizing biological tissue at the microscopic level. Previously, high-frequency, 3-D quantitative ultrasound (QUS) methods were developed to characterize 46 freshly-dissected lymph nodes of @entity2 @entity0 . 3-D ultrasound radiofrequency data were acquired using a 25.6 MHz center-frequency transducer and each node was inked before tissue fixation to recover orientation after sectioning for 3-D histological evaluation. Backscattered echo signals were processed using 3-D cylindrical regions-of-interest (ROIs) to yield four QUS estimates associated with tissue microstructure (i.e., effective scatterer size, acoustic concentration, intercept and slope). These QUS estimates, obtained by parameterizing the backscatter spectrum, showed great potential for @entity1 detection. In the present study, these QUS methods were applied to 112 lymph nodes from 77 colorectal and @entity3 @entity0 . Novel QUS methods parameterizing the envelope statistics of the ROIs using Nakagami and homodyned-K distributions were also developed; they yielded four additional QUS estimates. The ability of these eight QUS estimates to classify lymph nodes and detect @entity1 was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. An area under the ROC curve of 0.996 with specificity and sensitivity of 95% were obtained by combining effective scatterer size and one envelope parameter based on the homodyned-K distribution. Therefore, these advanced 3-D QUS methods potentially can be valuable for detecting small metastatic foci in dissected lymph nodes.

title: Three-dimensional high-frequency backscatter and envelope quantification of cancerous XXXX lymph nodes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Promoter hypermethylation is an alternative mechanism of gene silencing in @entity1 including @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Its affects genes with crucial functions as @entity1 suppressor. METHODS: DNA methylation in the promoter of @entity3 , @entity6 , @entity4 receptor b (RARb2), @entity8 , and @entity7 genes was investigated in 79 Tunisian @entity0 with @entity2 using methylation-specific PCR. RESULTS: The methylation frequencies vary from 31.6% for @entity3 to 65.8% for RARb2. Hypermethylation of @entity6 and @entity7 was associated with @entity1 grade and age (P = 0.04 and 0.034) respectively, while hypermethylation of @entity8 correlated with TNM stage (P = 0.027). The distribution of the methylated DNA at @entity3 , @entity6 , and @entity7 promoters were different in the intestinal and diffuse histotypes of @entity2 according to TNM. Moreover, the survival rate of @entity0 with @entity3 methylated status was shorter than that of @entity0 with the unmethylated status (P log rank = 0.009). On the other hand, the hypermethylation of RARb2 correlated with @entity5 expression (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: We showed that methylation of @entity3 is predictive of poor prognosis and could be a useful marker. Moreover, the association between RARb2 methylation and @entity5 expression suggests a functional link between these two proteins in @entity2 .

title: Hypermethylation of @entity1 -related genes in Tunisian @entity0 with XXXX : clinical and biological significance.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Promoter hypermethylation is an alternative mechanism of gene silencing in @entity1 including @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Its affects genes with crucial functions as @entity1 suppressor. METHODS: DNA methylation in the promoter of @entity3 , @entity6 , @entity4 receptor b (RARb2), @entity8 , and @entity7 genes was investigated in 79 Tunisian @entity0 with @entity2 using methylation-specific PCR. RESULTS: The methylation frequencies vary from 31.6% for @entity3 to 65.8% for RARb2. Hypermethylation of @entity6 and @entity7 was associated with @entity1 grade and age (P = 0.04 and 0.034) respectively, while hypermethylation of @entity8 correlated with TNM stage (P = 0.027). The distribution of the methylated DNA at @entity3 , @entity6 , and @entity7 promoters were different in the intestinal and diffuse histotypes of @entity2 according to TNM. Moreover, the survival rate of @entity0 with @entity3 methylated status was shorter than that of @entity0 with the unmethylated status (P log rank = 0.009). On the other hand, the hypermethylation of RARb2 correlated with @entity5 expression (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: We showed that methylation of @entity3 is predictive of poor prognosis and could be a useful marker. Moreover, the association between RARb2 methylation and @entity5 expression suggests a functional link between these two proteins in @entity2 .

title: Hypermethylation of XXXX -related genes in Tunisian @entity0 with @entity2 : clinical and biological significance.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Promoter hypermethylation is an alternative mechanism of gene silencing in @entity1 including @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Its affects genes with crucial functions as @entity1 suppressor. METHODS: DNA methylation in the promoter of @entity3 , @entity6 , @entity4 receptor b (RARb2), @entity8 , and @entity7 genes was investigated in 79 Tunisian @entity0 with @entity2 using methylation-specific PCR. RESULTS: The methylation frequencies vary from 31.6% for @entity3 to 65.8% for RARb2. Hypermethylation of @entity6 and @entity7 was associated with @entity1 grade and age (P = 0.04 and 0.034) respectively, while hypermethylation of @entity8 correlated with TNM stage (P = 0.027). The distribution of the methylated DNA at @entity3 , @entity6 , and @entity7 promoters were different in the intestinal and diffuse histotypes of @entity2 according to TNM. Moreover, the survival rate of @entity0 with @entity3 methylated status was shorter than that of @entity0 with the unmethylated status (P log rank = 0.009). On the other hand, the hypermethylation of RARb2 correlated with @entity5 expression (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: We showed that methylation of @entity3 is predictive of poor prognosis and could be a useful marker. Moreover, the association between RARb2 methylation and @entity5 expression suggests a functional link between these two proteins in @entity2 .

title: Hypermethylation of @entity1 -related genes in Tunisian XXXX with @entity2 : clinical and biological significance.

answer: @entity0


abstract: At the Burdenko Institute for Neurosurgery in Moscow, the following methods are used for the demarkation of @entity2 : Beta-radiometry, rheometry = measurement of th electrical resistance of the cerebral tissue, staining of the @entity0 prior to the surgical intervention by means of a Serbinenko catheter, puncture biopsy as well as thermometry. The most frequently used techniques are beta-radiometry and rheometry. The methods are simple in application and the results are reliable. The accuracy of the localisation of a @entity2 by means of beta-radiometry is 98 per cent. For the impedance measurement a frequency of 1000 Hz is used. Liquids show the lowest and @entity3 the highest electrical resistance values. On an average the resistance of @entity0 is half as high as that of the average normal brain tissue. In almost all operations one tries to obtain an information about the extent and position of the @entity1 by means of brain puncture. A special needle probe has been designed to obtain tissue pieces for histological examinations. Experience has also been gained with ultrasonic probing and with temperature measurements of @entity0 and brain tissue. the interior of the @entity0 shows a 0.5 to 3 degrees C higher temperature.

title: [Intraoperative diagnosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intraneural @entity5 and @entity3 are rare, with approximately 50 cases reported in the literature. They present a therapeutic challenge; surgical resection can result in @entity1 and lesion recurrence is common. We introduce a new framework to classify @entity2 in relation to the anatomic compartments of the nerve and assess amenability to surgical resection. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed cases of intraneural @entity5 and @entity3 treated at our institution between 2003 and 2013 that had high-resolution 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A review of the literature was also performed. Our cases and reports in the literature with available MRI data were sub-categorized according to their relationship to the paraneurium and epineurium of the nerve. RESULTS: Nine @entity0 were identified with intraneural (subparaneurial or subepineurial) @entity2 . Two @entity0 had a predominantly subparaneurial involvement of the nerve, six @entity0 had predominantly @entity6 , and one @entity0 exhibited extensive involvement in both compartments. Four @entity0 were managed surgically and the rest conservatively. Targeted resection of two @entity5 provided complete relief of symptoms and freedom from recurrence at 18 month and 24 months respectively. One @entity0 with extensive @entity3 did not appear to benefit from sub-total resection with interfascicular dissection. No surgical morbidity was noted in any of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the subparaneurial compartment-a potential space between the epineurium and paraneurium-provides a tissue plane within which benign @entity2 can occur. @entity5 and @entity3 are complex and can occupy different @entity4 . The anatomic framework aids surgical decision-making and ensures that all components of the lesion are considered. We advocate a multimodal approach in the treatment of these rare lesions.

title: A radiological classification system for XXXX : assessment of potential for resection with high-resolution MRI.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Because two of five @entity0 with @entity6 in a Phase I study had partial response to recombinant alpha-2 interferon (IFN), we treated 26 @entity0 with @entity6 with a 3-month regimen of IFN. @entity0 were randomized to receive IFN either subcutaneously (2 X 10(6) IU/m2 3 times a week) or intravenously (3 X 10(7) IU/m2 for 5 consecutive days every 2-3 weeks). @entity0 whose disease was responding or stable were treated further, while those with @entity2 on subcutaneous treatment were offered intravenous therapy. Sites of @entity1 included lung (14 @entity0 ), bone (7 @entity0 ), soft tissue (7 @entity0 ) and liver (2 @entity0 ). Twenty @entity0 were evaluable for response. One @entity0 had a partial response at the end of the third course of intravenous IFN and subsequently had complete disappearance of a 12 X 7 cm subcutaneous mass after the seventh course of treatment. The disease was stable in 13 @entity0 including two minor responses, and six @entity0 had @entity2 (5 with subcutaneous treatment; 1 with intravenous treatment) including one mixed response. All @entity0 experienced early flu-like symptoms of @entity4 , chills, and rigors during the first few days of treatment and most had mild to moderate @entity5 . Three @entity0 left the study because of @entity5 , and one had an @entity7 . From these results and our previous experience, it appears that IFN has activity against @entity6 with acceptable @entity3 .

title: Recombinant interferon alpha-2 (INTRON A) in a phase II study of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Symptoms are known to predict survival among @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), but discrepancies exist between @entity0 ' and health providers' perceptions of @entity2 symptom burden. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to quantify the internal consistency, validity, and prognostic value of @entity0 perception of a broad range of @entity2 symptoms using an @entity2 -specific physical symptom measure, the 18-item @entity2 Somatic Perception Scale v. 3. METHODS: Factor analysis of the @entity2 Somatic Perception Scale was conducted in a convenience sample of 378 @entity0 with chronic @entity2 . Convergent validity was examined using the Physical Limitation subscale of the Kansas @entity1 Questionnaire. Divergent validity was examined using the Self-care of @entity2 Index self-care management score. One-year survival based on @entity2 Somatic Perception Scale scores was quantified using Cox regression controlling for Seattle @entity2 Model scores to account for clinical status, therapeutics, and lab values. RESULTS: The sample was 63% male, 85% white, 67% functionally compromised (New York Heart Association class III-IV) with a mean (SD) age of 63 (12.8) years. Internal consistency of the @entity2 Somatic Perception Scale was a = .90. Convergent (r = -0.54, P < .0001) and divergent (r = 0.18, P > .05) validities were supported. Controlling for Seattle @entity2 scores, @entity2 Somatic Perception Scale was a significant predictor of 1-year survival, with those most symptomatic having worse survival (hazard ratio, 1.012; 95% confidence interval, 1.001-1.024; P = .038). CONCLUSIONS: Perception of @entity2 symptom burden as measured by the @entity2 Somatic Perception Scale is a significant predictor of survival, contributing additional prognostic value over and above objective Seattle @entity2 Risk Model scores. This analysis suggests that assessment of a broad range of @entity2 symptoms, or those related to @entity3 or early and subtle symptoms, may be useful in evaluating therapeutic outcomes and predicting event-free survival.

title: Psychometric Analysis of the Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale as a Measure of XXXX Symptom Perception.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Transradial access (TRA) has shown lower morbidity and decreased @entity2 complications compared to transfemoral access. This study evaluates the safety and feasibility of TRA in @entity3 @entity0 undergoing visceral interventions. METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity0 who underwent visceral interventions via the radial artery with platelet count less than or equal to 50,000/  L were included in the study. Outcome variables included technical success, access site, @entity2 , transfusion, and @entity1 . RESULTS: From July 1, 2012, to May 31, 2015, a total of 1353 peripheral interventions via TRA were performed, of which 85 procedures were performed in 64 @entity0 (mean age 62.2  years) with a platelet count <50,000/  L (median 39,000/  L). Interventions included chemoembolization (n  =  46), selective internal radiation therapy (n  =  30), and visceral embolization (n  =  9). Technical success was 97.6  % with two cases of severe vessel @entity5 requiring ipsilateral femoral crossover. There was no major access site, @entity2 , or neurological adverse events at 30  days. Minor access site @entity4 occurred in five cases (5.9  %) and were treated conservatively in all cases. Pre-procedural platelet transfusions were administered in 23 (27.1  %) cases. There was no statistically significant difference in access site or @entity2 complications between the transfused and nontransfused groups. CONCLUSIONS: Transradial visceral interventions in @entity0 with @entity3 are both feasible and safe, possibly without the need for platelet transfusions.

title: Safety and Feasibility of Transradial Access for Visceral Interventions in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Transradial access (TRA) has shown lower morbidity and decreased @entity2 complications compared to transfemoral access. This study evaluates the safety and feasibility of TRA in @entity3 @entity0 undergoing visceral interventions. METHODS AND MATERIALS: @entity0 who underwent visceral interventions via the radial artery with platelet count less than or equal to 50,000/  L were included in the study. Outcome variables included technical success, access site, @entity2 , transfusion, and @entity1 . RESULTS: From July 1, 2012, to May 31, 2015, a total of 1353 peripheral interventions via TRA were performed, of which 85 procedures were performed in 64 @entity0 (mean age 62.2  years) with a platelet count <50,000/  L (median 39,000/  L). Interventions included chemoembolization (n  =  46), selective internal radiation therapy (n  =  30), and visceral embolization (n  =  9). Technical success was 97.6  % with two cases of severe vessel @entity5 requiring ipsilateral femoral crossover. There was no major access site, @entity2 , or neurological adverse events at 30  days. Minor access site @entity4 occurred in five cases (5.9  %) and were treated conservatively in all cases. Pre-procedural platelet transfusions were administered in 23 (27.1  %) cases. There was no statistically significant difference in access site or @entity2 complications between the transfused and nontransfused groups. CONCLUSIONS: Transradial visceral interventions in @entity0 with @entity3 are both feasible and safe, possibly without the need for platelet transfusions.

title: Safety and Feasibility of Transradial Access for Visceral Interventions in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We tested whether the necessity for high flow rates of saline to maintain an artificial erection actually corresponds to an organic abnormality able to induce @entity3 as claimed recently. A total of 56 @entity0 with presumed vascular @entity3 and 13 with typical @entity3 underwent dynamic cavernosography followed by the artificial erection test. The former 56 @entity0 also underwent bilateral selective internal iliac arteriography. A severely elevated maintenance flow rate (more than 120 ml. per minute) was found in 19 of the 56 @entity0 with vascular and none of the 13 with @entity3 , while a moderately elevated maintenance flow rate (80 to 120 ml. per minute) was found in 11 and 3, respectively. In most cases a severely elevated maintenance flow rate was associated with arterial (16 @entity0 ) or @entity1 able to disturb erection. However, a severely elevated maintenance flow rate seemed to correspond to an organic abnormality able to induce @entity3 or to worsen erectile failure induced by other organic factors. Indeed, we found no severely elevated maintenance flow rates among our 13 @entity0 with @entity3 and the nocturnal penile tumescence test was normal in only 1 of 12 tested @entity0 , although 7 had no other @entity2 sufficient to induce @entity3 (only moderate arterial stenoses in 4). In addition, sexual treatment succeeded in only 1 of the 13 @entity0 , while our success rate is 43 per cent among @entity0 with arterial @entity3 exclusively and this treatment succeeded in 6 of 10 @entity0 with a moderately elevated maintenance flow rate. On the contrary, a moderately elevated maintenance flow rate does not seem to correspond to a genuine organic abnormality able to induce @entity3 . Indeed, we found it in 3 of 13 @entity0 with @entity3 , and every @entity0 with a moderately elevated maintenance flow rate and normal arteries had a normal nocturnal penile tumescence test or was cured by sexual therapy. In conclusion, a maintenance flow rate exceeding 120 ml. per minute seems to reveal a genuine @entity5 but in most cases this abnormality is only the cofactor of an @entity4 .

title: XXXX : critical study of the organic basis of high maintenance flow rates during artificial erection test.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The study comprises a retrospective evaluation of case records of 220 @entity0 admitted for the first time with @entity3 with special reference to clinical course and prognosis within a period of 13--14 years. The reliability of the diagnosis at the time of the first admission is about 60% when the evaluation is based on positive criteria for @entity3 . If the psychogenic @entity4 are divided into subgroups, the reliability of the diagnosis of psychogenic affective @entity4 is about 30%, whereas it is over 90% for psychogenic confusional @entity4 and psychogenic @entity6 . If subsequent cases of other functional @entity4 ( @entity2 and @entity1 ) are subtracted, the diagnostic reliability is 50% (111 of 220 cases), which represents the number of retrospectively verified psychogenic @entity4 . The frequency of recurrence of @entity3 was 18% (40), corresponding to 36% of psychogenic @entity4 verified by retrospective evaluation (111 of 220 cases). The recurrences were mainly homologous, as heterologous recurrences developed only among the psychogenic affective @entity4 (slightly less than half of the recurrences in question). @entity1 developed in only 10% (23), and subsequent episodes of @entity2 occurred in 8% (18). The stability of @entity3 on recurrence of functional @entity3 was 49% expressed in relation to all subsequent cases of functional @entity3 . The over-all prognosis for the psychogenic/reactive @entity3 is thus good as regards subsequent @entity5 . Chronic functional @entity3 ( @entity1 ) developed in only 10% (and in less than 20% if the prognosis is assessed on the basis of the reliability of the diagnosis at the time of the first admission (about 60%)). However, in the group of psychogenic/reactive @entity4 as a whole an overmortality of 100% was observed in the course of the 14 years, highest in the younger age groups.

title: Psychogenic XXXX . A retrospective study with special reference to clinical course and prognosis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The efficacy of the @entity2 antagonists @entity4 and @entity7 was evaluated in a multiinjection @entity1 model of severe @entity6 . Each of 21 adult mongrel @entity1 (15 to 20 kg) was assigned to one of four experimental groups. All animals received a total of 15 ml of fresh, unheparinized arterial blood via three cisterna magna injections. Selective left vertebral arteriography was performed 1 week before and exactly 7 days after the simulated @entity3 . Treatment with @entity2 antagonists was initiated at 24 hours and continued for 7 consecutive days. Comparisons were based on the percentage of @entity8 diameter. On a milligram/kilogram basis, we used the manufacturer's maximal recommended daily dosages of @entity4 , whereas the dosages of @entity7 used were 3 to 7 times greater than that reported to be therapeutically effective in reducing the incidence of severe deficits from @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity3 . In this laboratory trial, systemic treatment with @entity2 antagonists did not prevent or significantly reduce chronic arterial narrowing. In the control group, @entity5 reduced basilar artery diameter an average of 71% +/- 11 (SD). In the group treated with @entity4 , 10 mg orally every 6 hours, vessel diameter was reduced an average of 58% +/- 13%. In those animals treated with @entity7 , 20 or 40 mg orally every 4 hours, the basilar artery diameter was decreased an average of 59% +/- 8 and 56% +/- 7, respectively. A preliminary trial using direct intracisternal administration of these agents demonstrated increased vessel diameter within 20 minutes in four of six animals, supporting other reports that this route of administration may prove more efficacious in the treatment of @entity6 .

title: @entity6 : effect of XXXX antagonists.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The efficacy of the @entity2 antagonists @entity4 and @entity7 was evaluated in a multiinjection @entity1 model of severe @entity6 . Each of 21 adult mongrel @entity1 (15 to 20 kg) was assigned to one of four experimental groups. All animals received a total of 15 ml of fresh, unheparinized arterial blood via three cisterna magna injections. Selective left vertebral arteriography was performed 1 week before and exactly 7 days after the simulated @entity3 . Treatment with @entity2 antagonists was initiated at 24 hours and continued for 7 consecutive days. Comparisons were based on the percentage of @entity8 diameter. On a milligram/kilogram basis, we used the manufacturer's maximal recommended daily dosages of @entity4 , whereas the dosages of @entity7 used were 3 to 7 times greater than that reported to be therapeutically effective in reducing the incidence of severe deficits from @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity3 . In this laboratory trial, systemic treatment with @entity2 antagonists did not prevent or significantly reduce chronic arterial narrowing. In the control group, @entity5 reduced basilar artery diameter an average of 71% +/- 11 (SD). In the group treated with @entity4 , 10 mg orally every 6 hours, vessel diameter was reduced an average of 58% +/- 13%. In those animals treated with @entity7 , 20 or 40 mg orally every 4 hours, the basilar artery diameter was decreased an average of 59% +/- 8 and 56% +/- 7, respectively. A preliminary trial using direct intracisternal administration of these agents demonstrated increased vessel diameter within 20 minutes in four of six animals, supporting other reports that this route of administration may prove more efficacious in the treatment of @entity6 .

title: XXXX : effect of @entity2 antagonists.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The purpose of the present clinical investigation was to determine the maternal and perinatal outcome associated with continuing pregnancy in 44 consecutive @entity0 with severe chronic @entity2 in the first trimester. Each @entity0 was observed closely throughout pregnancy with frequent prenatal visits and intensive monitoring of the clinical status of both mother and fetus. There were no maternal deaths, but morbidity was very significant. Most @entity0 required repeated hospitalizations and on many occasions parenteral medications were used to reduce blood pressure. Nineteen had transient and one permanent @entity3 . These results confirm that pregnancy in @entity0 with severe @entity2 is beset with considerable morbidity, but with expert intensive care, gestations can be concluded successfully in those @entity0 who refuse termination. Twenty-three @entity0 (52%) developed superimposed @entity6 , one @entity0 developed @entity5 , and one @entity0 had postpartum hypertensive @entity1 . In addition, there was no evidence of late puerperal maternal cardiovascular or renal damage on long-term follow-up. There were ten stillbirths and one @entity4 for an overall perinatal mortality of 25%. Seventy percent of the @entity0 were delivered before 37 weeks' gestation, and 19 @entity0 (43%) were small for gestational age. However, all the perinatal deaths and most of the neonatal morbidity occurred among the 23 @entity0 with superimposed @entity6 .

title: Pregnancy outcome of intensive therapy in severe XXXX in first trimester.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been considered to be a potentially suitable target for anticancer therapy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of @entity4 inhibitor @entity2 (ST) on the inhibition of proliferation, the induction of apoptosis, and the change of cell cycle in @entity0 @entity1 cell lines MGC-803 and SGC-7901. METHODS: The inhibition rates of cell proliferation were evaluated by @entity3 exclusion. The apoptotic bodies were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The apoptotic peaks of the cells and the changes of cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: ST inhibited cell growth of MGC-803, IC(50) of 24 hours was 54 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 23 ng/ml. ST inhibited cell growth of SGC-7901, IC(50) of 24 hours was 61 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 37 ng/ml. MGC-803 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 23.6+/-1.8%, 11.6+/-0.7%, and 3.3+/-0.2%, respectively (54.3+/-3.1% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M phage were 22.6+/-4.0%, 35.5+/-0.4%, and 36.8+/-5.5%, respectively (13.5+/-0.2 in control group). SGC-7901 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 27.1+/-1.4%, 17.0+/-3.4%, 13.7+/-0.7%, respectively (52.5+/-4.4% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M were 21.9+/-2.6%, 39.5+/-4.9%, and 38.4+/-3.1%, respectively (13.5+/-2.2% in control roup). Compared with the control group, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage of two cell lines decreased and that of G(2)/M cells increased significantly in the ST treated group(P< 0.01). Treated by ST at the concentration of 200 ng/ml, the apoptotic peaks and typical apoptotic bodies were observed. CONCLUSION: ST significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of MGC-803 cells and SGC-7901 cells; ST induces G(2)/M phase arrest.

title: [Effect of @entity2 on cell cycle of @entity0 XXXX cells].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been considered to be a potentially suitable target for anticancer therapy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of @entity4 inhibitor @entity2 (ST) on the inhibition of proliferation, the induction of apoptosis, and the change of cell cycle in @entity0 @entity1 cell lines MGC-803 and SGC-7901. METHODS: The inhibition rates of cell proliferation were evaluated by @entity3 exclusion. The apoptotic bodies were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The apoptotic peaks of the cells and the changes of cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: ST inhibited cell growth of MGC-803, IC(50) of 24 hours was 54 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 23 ng/ml. ST inhibited cell growth of SGC-7901, IC(50) of 24 hours was 61 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 37 ng/ml. MGC-803 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 23.6+/-1.8%, 11.6+/-0.7%, and 3.3+/-0.2%, respectively (54.3+/-3.1% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M phage were 22.6+/-4.0%, 35.5+/-0.4%, and 36.8+/-5.5%, respectively (13.5+/-0.2 in control group). SGC-7901 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 27.1+/-1.4%, 17.0+/-3.4%, 13.7+/-0.7%, respectively (52.5+/-4.4% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M were 21.9+/-2.6%, 39.5+/-4.9%, and 38.4+/-3.1%, respectively (13.5+/-2.2% in control roup). Compared with the control group, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage of two cell lines decreased and that of G(2)/M cells increased significantly in the ST treated group(P< 0.01). Treated by ST at the concentration of 200 ng/ml, the apoptotic peaks and typical apoptotic bodies were observed. CONCLUSION: ST significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of MGC-803 cells and SGC-7901 cells; ST induces G(2)/M phase arrest.

title: [Effect of XXXX on cell cycle of @entity0 @entity1 cells].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been considered to be a potentially suitable target for anticancer therapy. This study was designed to investigate the effect of @entity4 inhibitor @entity2 (ST) on the inhibition of proliferation, the induction of apoptosis, and the change of cell cycle in @entity0 @entity1 cell lines MGC-803 and SGC-7901. METHODS: The inhibition rates of cell proliferation were evaluated by @entity3 exclusion. The apoptotic bodies were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The apoptotic peaks of the cells and the changes of cell cycle were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: ST inhibited cell growth of MGC-803, IC(50) of 24 hours was 54 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 23 ng/ml. ST inhibited cell growth of SGC-7901, IC(50) of 24 hours was 61 ng/ml and IC(50) of 48 hours was 37 ng/ml. MGC-803 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 23.6+/-1.8%, 11.6+/-0.7%, and 3.3+/-0.2%, respectively (54.3+/-3.1% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M phage were 22.6+/-4.0%, 35.5+/-0.4%, and 36.8+/-5.5%, respectively (13.5+/-0.2 in control group). SGC-7901 cells were treated by ST at the concentrations of 40, 60, and 100 ng/ml for 24 hours, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage were 27.1+/-1.4%, 17.0+/-3.4%, 13.7+/-0.7%, respectively (52.5+/-4.4% in control group); the percentages of G(2)/M were 21.9+/-2.6%, 39.5+/-4.9%, and 38.4+/-3.1%, respectively (13.5+/-2.2% in control roup). Compared with the control group, the percentages of G(0)/G(1) phage of two cell lines decreased and that of G(2)/M cells increased significantly in the ST treated group(P< 0.01). Treated by ST at the concentration of 200 ng/ml, the apoptotic peaks and typical apoptotic bodies were observed. CONCLUSION: ST significantly inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of MGC-803 cells and SGC-7901 cells; ST induces G(2)/M phase arrest.

title: [Effect of @entity2 on cell cycle of XXXX @entity1 cells].

answer: @entity0


abstract: A retrospective analysis of 48 cases of histologically proven primary @entity2 was done. The analysis covered a 12-year period from January 1966 through December 1977. Four percent of all @entity1 of the gastrointestinal tract were of this type. Males outnumbered females by a ratio of 1.8:1. The mean age of the @entity0 was 21 years. The vagueness and variability of clinical features and nonspecific radiological findings were the main reasons for subjecting all the @entity0 in this series to laparotomy. The most common site of involvement was the ileocecal region, followed by the ileum, the jejunum, and the stomach. Most of the cases were in an advanced stage of the disease as was suggested by the finding of lump in 60% and @entity3 in 20% of the cases. Radical resection, possible in only six cases, appears to be the best treatment. The effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy were disappointing. Prognostically, cases of localized and polypoidal lesions of the small bowel and @entity4 showed better survival.

title: A clinicopathological study of primary XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Left ventricular (LV) mechanics and dynamic geometry were studied in eight @entity1 1 to 151 days after creation of a model of @entity2 and increased right ventricular (RV) pressure. In each @entity1 , an 8 mm conduit was interposed between the main pulmonary artery and left atrium; the pulmonary artery was then banded distal to this shunt. Ultrasonic dimension transducers were subsequently implanted for the measurement of LV equatorial minor axis and wall thickness. Catheter-tipped micromanometers were used to measure LV and pleural pressures; RV pressure was measured with a fluid-filled catheter and an external transducer. Eight control animals were similarly instrumented. At the time of study, the cyanotic @entity1 had significantly decreased arterial @entity0 saturations (66% +/- 7% versus controls: 96% +/- 5%), significantly elevated peak RV pressures, (55 +/- 7 mm Hg versus controls: 30 +/- 5 mm Hg) and significantly elevated ratios of RV to LV mass (0.52 +/- 0.05 versus controls: 0.36 +/- 0.05). Diastolic pressure-dimension curves were generated and time constant for LV relaxation were calculated for each animal. The diastolic curves obtained from the cyanotic @entity1 were not significantly different from those of the control animals, and LV relaxation was not prolonged in the cyanotic @entity1 . In the three @entity1 that were cyanotic for 4 months or longer, there was a profound abnormality in the geometric pattern of LV contraction, manifested by asynchronous shortening of the anteroposterior equatorial minor axis. In two of these three @entity1 , inotropic reserves were assessed by means of postextrasystolic potentiation and were found to be normal. The results of this study indicate that short-term mild @entity2 and RV pressure overload do not alter diastolic compliance nor prolong relaxation of the LV. LV dynamic geometry may become abnormal after 4 months, with preservation of global LV inotropic reserves.

title: Left ventricular dynamic geometry and diastolic mechanics in a model of chronic XXXX and right ventricular pressure overload.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of commercially available latanoprost 0.005% given every evening versus @entity5 0.5% and @entity6 2% fixed combination (TDFC) given twice daily to white Greeks with primary @entity3 and ocular @entity1 @entity0 . DESIGN: A single-masked, two-center, crossover comparison with two 6-week treatment periods occurring after at least a 3-week medicine-free period. Diurnal curve intraocular pressures were taken at 2:00 AM, 6:00 AM, 10:00 AM, 2:00 PM, 6:00 PM, and 10:00 PM. @entity0 : Thirty-four subjects with primary @entity3 or @entity4 were enrolled. INTERVENTIONS: Latanoprost 0.005% given every evening and TDFC twice daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary efficacy variable was diurnal intraocular pressure. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity0 completed the study. On the last day of treatment, the mean diurnal intraocular pressure for latanoprost was 15.9 +/- 2.3 mmHg and for TDFC was 15.3 +/- 2.0 mmHg (P = 0.05). Individual time points for intraocular pressure were not statistically different between groups except at the 10:00 PM time point, when the mean for TDFC was 14.6 +/- 2.7 mmHg and for latanoprost was 16.6 +/- 3.1 mmHg (P < 0.006). Eighteen @entity0 overall preferred latanoprost versus 2 @entity0 for the fixed combination, generally because of the greater convenience of once daily dosing. Adverse events were not significantly different between groups except that a bitter taste was found more frequently with TDFC (n = 9) than with latanoprost (n = 0; P = 0.009). Despite screening to exclude intolerance to beta-blockers, a single @entity0 had to discontinue the TDFC because of new-onset @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the 24-hour diurnal intraocular pressure is lowered more, by a small but statistically significant amount, with TDFC compared with latanoprost in primary @entity3 and ocular @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Twenty-four-hour diurnal curve comparison of commercially available latanoprost 0.005% versus the XXXX and @entity6 fixed combination.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of commercially available latanoprost 0.005% given every evening versus @entity5 0.5% and @entity6 2% fixed combination (TDFC) given twice daily to white Greeks with primary @entity3 and ocular @entity1 @entity0 . DESIGN: A single-masked, two-center, crossover comparison with two 6-week treatment periods occurring after at least a 3-week medicine-free period. Diurnal curve intraocular pressures were taken at 2:00 AM, 6:00 AM, 10:00 AM, 2:00 PM, 6:00 PM, and 10:00 PM. @entity0 : Thirty-four subjects with primary @entity3 or @entity4 were enrolled. INTERVENTIONS: Latanoprost 0.005% given every evening and TDFC twice daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary efficacy variable was diurnal intraocular pressure. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity0 completed the study. On the last day of treatment, the mean diurnal intraocular pressure for latanoprost was 15.9 +/- 2.3 mmHg and for TDFC was 15.3 +/- 2.0 mmHg (P = 0.05). Individual time points for intraocular pressure were not statistically different between groups except at the 10:00 PM time point, when the mean for TDFC was 14.6 +/- 2.7 mmHg and for latanoprost was 16.6 +/- 3.1 mmHg (P < 0.006). Eighteen @entity0 overall preferred latanoprost versus 2 @entity0 for the fixed combination, generally because of the greater convenience of once daily dosing. Adverse events were not significantly different between groups except that a bitter taste was found more frequently with TDFC (n = 9) than with latanoprost (n = 0; P = 0.009). Despite screening to exclude intolerance to beta-blockers, a single @entity0 had to discontinue the TDFC because of new-onset @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the 24-hour diurnal intraocular pressure is lowered more, by a small but statistically significant amount, with TDFC compared with latanoprost in primary @entity3 and ocular @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Twenty-four-hour diurnal curve comparison of commercially available latanoprost 0.005% versus the @entity5 and XXXX fixed combination.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Radiation therapy is sometimes prescribed as an alternative to partial or total laryngopharyngectomy in the initial management of @entity2 . Forty-two @entity0 were irradiated for cure and have a follow-up period of 2-14 years. Local control by irradiation alone was 11 of 14 for T1, 6 of 10 for T2, 3 of 6 for T3, and 1 of 7 T4. Three T2 failures were salvaged by laryngopharyngectomy for an ultimate control of 9 of 10 for T2. Management of the neck is critical since 79% of the @entity0 presented with clinically positive necks, and many had @entity1 . Complete or partial neck dissection was added after irradiation on an individualized basis. In spite of the extensive @entity1 , only three @entity0 died of uncontrolled @entity1 with the primary controlled. The two-year absolute survival for Stages I and II was 83%, Stage III 62% and Stage and Stage IV 52%. The five-year absolute survival for Stages I and II was 66%, Stage III 38%, and Stage IV 10%. Complications of irradiation, neck dissection, and surgical salvage procedures are reviewed.

title: Radical irradiation for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The large-scale transcriptional program of two @entity6 strains (SKO1 and M5) relative to that of the parent strain ( @entity0 [ @entity0 ]) was examined by using DNA microarrays. Glass DNA arrays containing a selected set of 1,019 genes (including all 178 pSOL1 genes) covering more than 25% of the whole genome were designed, constructed, and validated for data reliability. Strain SKO1, with an inactivated spo0A gene, displays an asporogenous, filamentous, and largely deficient solventogenic phenotype. SKO1 displays downregulation of all solvent formation genes, sigF, and @entity2 metabolism genes (similar to genes expressed as part of the stationary-phase response in @entity4 ) but also several electron transport genes. A major cluster of genes upregulated in SKO1 includes abrB, the genes from the major @entity5 and motility operons, and glycosylation genes. @entity7 displays an asporogenous and nonsolventogenic phenotype due to loss of the megaplasmid pSOL1, which contains all genes necessary for solvent formation. Therefore, M5 displays downregulation of all pSOL1 genes expressed in the @entity0 . Notable among other genes expressed more highly in @entity0 than in M5 were sigF, several two-component @entity3 kinases, spo0A, cheA, cheC, many stress response genes, fts family genes, DNA topoisomerase genes, and central- @entity1 metabolism genes. Genes expressed more highly in M5 include electron transport genes (but different from those downregulated in SKO1) and several motility and @entity5 genes. Most of these expression patterns were consistent with phenotypic characteristics. Several of these expression patterns are new or different from what is known in @entity4 and can be used to test a number of functional-genomic hypotheses.

title: DNA array-based transcriptional analysis of asporogenous, nonsolventogenic XXXX strains SKO1 and M5.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity0 umbilical cord vein segments have been used as vessel substitutes for damaged or occluded arteries, as aorto-coronary by-passes and as arterio-venous fistulae for dialysis. The Dardik-Biograft fixed with @entity5 and the Mindich-Bioflow, fixed with @entity4 and @entity6 starch, are commercially available. They were implanted in @entity1 as replacements for a segment of the abdominal aorta. Post-implantation status was followed by angiography. They were evaluated after removal from sacrificed animals with the aid of scanning electron microscopy and histological techniques. Attention was focused on vessel patency, dimensional stability, integrity of the @entity2 line, lumen wall microstructure, evidence of suture damage and @entity3 deposition pattern. Both types of grafts gave functional by-passes for at least until 6 months post-implantation. The Dardik-Biograft appeared more prone to @entity3 formation near the @entity2 . Sparse cellular development was also noted. The Mindich-Bioflow gave rise to a prosthesis of superior thromboresistance which was more subject to mechanical damage.

title: Processes XXXX umbilical veins as arterial substitutes--evaluation in @entity1 models.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 umbilical cord vein segments have been used as vessel substitutes for damaged or occluded arteries, as aorto-coronary by-passes and as arterio-venous fistulae for dialysis. The Dardik-Biograft fixed with @entity5 and the Mindich-Bioflow, fixed with @entity4 and @entity6 starch, are commercially available. They were implanted in @entity1 as replacements for a segment of the abdominal aorta. Post-implantation status was followed by angiography. They were evaluated after removal from sacrificed animals with the aid of scanning electron microscopy and histological techniques. Attention was focused on vessel patency, dimensional stability, integrity of the @entity2 line, lumen wall microstructure, evidence of suture damage and @entity3 deposition pattern. Both types of grafts gave functional by-passes for at least until 6 months post-implantation. The Dardik-Biograft appeared more prone to @entity3 formation near the @entity2 . Sparse cellular development was also noted. The Mindich-Bioflow gave rise to a prosthesis of superior thromboresistance which was more subject to mechanical damage.

title: Processes @entity0 umbilical veins as arterial substitutes--evaluation in XXXX models.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In gerbils the hemispheric blood flow was interrupted for 5 min by bilateral carotid artery occlusion to produce delayed selective destruction of the @entity1 sector of hippocampus. The influence of hemodynamic factors was studied by evaluating the microcirculation before and at two times after @entity0 (3 min and 7 days), using Evans blue as an intravital vascular tracer. The density of perfused capillaries and the fractional volume of circulating blood were determined by quantitative morphometry and the values for the vulnerable @entity1 sector compared with those for the resistant @entity2 sector and cerebral cortex. In control animals the number of perfused capillaries in the @entity1 sector was about 20% lower, and the volume of circulating blood about 30% lower, than in the @entity2 sector or cerebral cortex. This difference was markedly enhanced after 5-min @entity0 . During the early recirculation phase, capillary perfusion improved in the cortex, whereas in the @entity1 sector (and to a lesser degree also in the @entity2 sector) it declined. After 7 days, the density of perfused capillaries and the volume of circulating blood had returned to control levels in the cerebral cortex and @entity2 sector of hippocampus. In the @entity1 sector, in contrast, the microcirculation had further deteriorated. The density of perfused capillaries was less than 30%, and the circulating blood volume even less than 50%, of that in the cerebral cortex.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Morphometric evaluation of post- XXXX capillary perfusion in selectively vulnerable areas of gerbil brain.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The waiting times for elective surgery of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in adults are unacceptably long in some cases. During this period, irreducibility and strangulation are possible. We operate on adult @entity0 under local anaesthesia (LA) as day cases to avoid this delay and describe our experience in this paper. AIMS: The aims of our study were to look at the age and sex distribution, body weight, type and amount of local anaesthetic used, morbidity, admission and readmission rates, and waiting times of adult @entity0 operated on for @entity2 under LA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a retrospective study covering a 4 year period from July 1996 to June 2000 including all adult @entity0 undergoing the above procedure under the care of a single consultant general surgeon. A standard Mayo repair using non absorbable material was used without a mesh or a drain. RESULTS: 32 @entity0 with @entity2 were operated on under LA, 23 males and 9 females with a median age of 51 years (range 20 to 86 years). The body weight ranged from 63 to 120 (median 87) kg. The average duration of the procedure was 30 (range 22-40) minutes. Sedation was needed in 4 @entity0 . Two @entity0 developed @entity1 , one superficial and one deep. There was no mortality. The median period of follow-up was 24 (range 4-48) months and there was no recurrence. The median waiting time for the operation was 6 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Day case local anaesthetic repair of @entity2 in adults seems to be safe and feasible with an acceptable morbidity. Suture repair in the right @entity0 has excellent results and the waiting times are acceptable.

title: XXXX in adults: day case local anaesthetic repair.

answer: @entity2


abstract: American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN) experience high rates of @entity5 . Several studies have demonstrated increased rates of early @entity2 among AI/AN, both in @entity1 and non- @entity1 . Among some tribes of the American Southwest, high rates of mesangiopathic @entity4 have been documented. The epidemic of @entity1 among AI/AN, which began in the middle of the 20th century, appears to be driving the increase in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). At the end of 1999, AI/AN had a national prevalence rate of treated @entity3 that was 3.5 times greater than that of white Americans. There is significant regional variation as well as differences among the approximately 550 tribes that make up the American Indian community, with some tribes experiencing @entity3 rates over twenty times the rate of whites. Although graft survival is excellent, AI/AN @entity3 @entity0 are less likely than whites to be placed on the transplant waiting list, and those listed wait longer for a transplant. Despite socioeconomic barriers and high rates of co-morbid illness, survival among AI/AN @entity3 @entity0 is better than among whites. The @entity2 , particularly the multigenerational occurrence in some families, is perceived as a major threat to the well-being of native communities. There is a sense of urgency among tribal leaders to address this epidemic, and research that may decrease its burden is likely to be welcomed.

title: The spectrum of XXXX in American Indians.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Idiopathic @entity4 are rare lesions not associated with @entity3 or other inflammatory insults. To date, there have been few large series describing the presentation and management of these lesions. METHODS: Twenty-one cases of intradural spinal @entity4 were identified (1994-2001). Pediatric @entity0 and cases with antecedent @entity3 were excluded. There were eight @entity0 and 13 @entity0 with an average age of 52 years. Follow-up averaged 17 months. RESULTS: Cysts were most commonly found in the thoracic spine (81%). Fifteen cysts were dorsal to the spinal cord and six were ventral to the spinal cord. All @entity0 underwent laminectomy with cyst fenestration and radical cyst wall resection. Based upon intraoperative ultrasonography, four cysts were also shunted to the subarachnoid space, and seven @entity0 had an expansile duraplasty with freeze-dried dural allograft. Of the seven @entity0 with @entity10 , three resolved with extramedullary cyst resection alone. Four required syrinx to subarachnoid shunting. Follow-up MRI demonstrated cyst resolution in all cases. All seven intramedullary syrinxes were decreased in size and four resolved completely. @entity6 (100%), @entity7 (91%), and @entity5 (80%) were more likely to improve than @entity1 (44%) and @entity9 (33%). One @entity0 had increased @entity9 postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity11 are more likely to cause @entity6 and @entity12 signs. Preoperative symptoms of @entity1 and @entity9 are less likely to improve than @entity6 and @entity8 . Utilizing intraoperative ultrasound to guide aggressive surgical treatment with the adjuncts of shunting and duraplasty results in a high rate of @entity2 .

title: Intradural spinal XXXX in adults.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report post-brachytherapy results in high and intermediate risk @entity0 of @entity1 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: From June 1994 to June 2000, 356 consecutive high and intermediate risk @entity0 were treated with three-dimensional computed tomography-guided stereotactic pararectal brachytherapy. The age was 42-90 years (median, 68 years), the initial prostate volume was 14-180 cm3 (median, 59 cm3), and initial PSA was 1.7-143 ng/ml (median, 10.5 ng/ml). Three hundred forty-eight @entity0 were available for follow-up for 2-8 years (median, 4.5 years). Two hundred eighty @entity0 had one or more high risk factors (PSA >20 ng/ml, Gleason>7, Stage T2b, T3a, or T3b). Sixty-eight @entity0 had only one intermediate risk factor (PSA 10-20 ng/ml or Gleason=7). @entity0 with both intermediate risks were considered high risk. The high-risk group was further stratified into subgroups with similar risk profile. A dose of 144 Gy with 125I or 120 Gy with 103Pd was achieved in 90-100% of the target. Thirty (30) @entity0 (9%) had prior transurethral resection and 229 (64%) were treated with 3 months neoadjuvant @entity3 ablation. RESULTS: Biochemical disease-free survival was 92% of 280 high risk @entity0 and 96% of 68 intermediate risk @entity0 . Seven @entity0 (2%) required catheterization during the first year for urinary retention, nine @entity0 (3%) required TUR 1-3 years post-implant, three @entity0 (1%) developed grade 1 or 2 @entity2 after a second TUR, and four @entity0 (1%) developed grade 3 rectal complications. CONCLUSION: This method produces a high level of biochemical control 2-8 years (median 4.5 years). Morbidity is acceptable regardless of risk profile or initial prostate volume.

title: High and intermediate XXXX treated with three-dimensional computed tomography-guided brachytherapy: 2-8-year follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The rapid effects of @entity0 hormones on @entity1 signals have been examined in @entity3 adrenocortical cells. Among the @entity0 molecules tested, only @entity6 rapidly stimulated @entity1 signals upon addition of ACTH, although @entity6 alone did not induce @entity1 signals. @entity6 also enhanced steroidogenesis induced by ACTH. The enhancement of ACTH-induced @entity1 signals was also observed with membrane-impermeable @entity6 conjugated to BSA and was not inhibited by @entity5 . In addition, @entity6 did not enhance @entity1 signals induced by @entity4 or angiotensin II. These results suggest that @entity6 selectively stimulates ACTH-induced @entity1 signals in a nongenomic way by acting on a target in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the supernatants of cells incubated with ACTH or @entity4 enhanced @entity1 signals, suggesting that @entity2 produced by such treatment act in an autocrine fashion. Consistent with this idea, these effects were inhibited by inhibitors of steroidogenesis ( @entity8 or @entity7 ). These results show that @entity0 molecules synthesized in adrenocortical cells facilitate ACTH-induced @entity1 signals. Taken together, @entity6 secreted from adrenocortical cells activates ACTH-induced @entity1 signals and steroidogenesis by nongenomic means.

title: @entity6 enhances adrenocorticotropin-induced calcium signals in XXXX adrenocortical cells.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The rapid effects of @entity0 hormones on @entity1 signals have been examined in @entity3 adrenocortical cells. Among the @entity0 molecules tested, only @entity6 rapidly stimulated @entity1 signals upon addition of ACTH, although @entity6 alone did not induce @entity1 signals. @entity6 also enhanced steroidogenesis induced by ACTH. The enhancement of ACTH-induced @entity1 signals was also observed with membrane-impermeable @entity6 conjugated to BSA and was not inhibited by @entity5 . In addition, @entity6 did not enhance @entity1 signals induced by @entity4 or angiotensin II. These results suggest that @entity6 selectively stimulates ACTH-induced @entity1 signals in a nongenomic way by acting on a target in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, the supernatants of cells incubated with ACTH or @entity4 enhanced @entity1 signals, suggesting that @entity2 produced by such treatment act in an autocrine fashion. Consistent with this idea, these effects were inhibited by inhibitors of steroidogenesis ( @entity8 or @entity7 ). These results show that @entity0 molecules synthesized in adrenocortical cells facilitate ACTH-induced @entity1 signals. Taken together, @entity6 secreted from adrenocortical cells activates ACTH-induced @entity1 signals and steroidogenesis by nongenomic means.

title: XXXX enhances adrenocorticotropin-induced calcium signals in @entity3 adrenocortical cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Little is known about communication with @entity0 suffering from @entity1 , many of whom are seen by subspecialists in consultation at tertiary-care centers. These subspecialized consultations might provide the best examples of optimal physician- @entity0 communication behaviors, given that these consultations tend to be lengthy, to occur between individuals who have not met before and may have no intention of an ongoing relationship, and which have a goal of providing treatment recommendations. The aim of this paper is to describe and quantify the content of the subspecialty consultation in regards to exchanging information and identify @entity0 and provider characteristics associated with discussion elements. METHODS: Audio-recorded consultations between 236 @entity0 and 40 hematologists were coded for recommended communication practices. Multilevel models for dichotomous outcomes were created to test associations between @entity0 , physician and consultation characteristics and key discussion elements. RESULTS: Discussions about the purpose of the visit and @entity0 's knowledge about their disease were common. Other elements such as @entity0 's preference for his/her role in decision-making, preferences for information, or understanding of presented information were less common. Treatment recommendations were provided in 97% of the consultations and unambiguous presentations of prognosis occurred in 81% of the consultations. Unambiguous presentations of prognosis were associated with non-White @entity0 race, lower educational status, greater number of questions asked, and specific physician provider. CONCLUSION: Although some communication behaviors occur in most consultations, others are much less common and could help tailor the amount and type of information discussed. Approximately half of the @entity0 are told unambiguous prognostic estimates for mortality or cure.

title: Information giving and receiving in XXXX consultations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in predicting recovery after @entity1 still appears to be somehow equivocal. We assessed the prognostic value of MEPs with respect to arm and hand motor recovery in @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: This cohort study included 43 consecutive @entity1 @entity0 with complete @entity3 of the upper extremity. MEPs of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and the biceps brachii muscle (BB) were obtained within 10 days after @entity1 onset. The upper limb subset of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment was used to evaluate the motor performance at regular intervals until 6 months after @entity1 . RESULTS: The follow-up was complete in 40 @entity0 (2 @entity0 died and 1 @entity0 had a recurrent @entity1 ); 14 @entity0 showed motor recovery of the arm and their mean 26-week arm motor score was 17.93 (range 3-30, SD 11.68); hand motor recovery occurred in 11 @entity0 and their mean 26-week hand motor score was 11.09 (range 4-14, SD 4.10). Stepwise logistic regression revealed prognostic models for both arm and hand motor recovery based on BB MEPs (odds ratio 7.69, confidence interval, CI, 1.16-50.95) and @entity2 MEPs (odds ratio 16.20, CI 2.51-104.40), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The predictive significance of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity was obvious in our homogeneous sample of @entity0 . This agrees with the paradigm that motor recovery after infarction is strongly dependent on a critical residual sparing of the corticospinal function. In this context, the test properties of MEPs in predicting motor recovery are discussed. The added value of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity should be regarded as established for @entity0 with initial @entity3 , especially since clinical examination alone lacks the possibility to detect the potential for motor recovery in these cases.

title: Motor evoked potentials in predicting recovery from @entity3 after XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in predicting recovery after @entity1 still appears to be somehow equivocal. We assessed the prognostic value of MEPs with respect to arm and hand motor recovery in @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: This cohort study included 43 consecutive @entity1 @entity0 with complete @entity3 of the upper extremity. MEPs of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and the biceps brachii muscle (BB) were obtained within 10 days after @entity1 onset. The upper limb subset of the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment was used to evaluate the motor performance at regular intervals until 6 months after @entity1 . RESULTS: The follow-up was complete in 40 @entity0 (2 @entity0 died and 1 @entity0 had a recurrent @entity1 ); 14 @entity0 showed motor recovery of the arm and their mean 26-week arm motor score was 17.93 (range 3-30, SD 11.68); hand motor recovery occurred in 11 @entity0 and their mean 26-week hand motor score was 11.09 (range 4-14, SD 4.10). Stepwise logistic regression revealed prognostic models for both arm and hand motor recovery based on BB MEPs (odds ratio 7.69, confidence interval, CI, 1.16-50.95) and @entity2 MEPs (odds ratio 16.20, CI 2.51-104.40), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The predictive significance of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity was obvious in our homogeneous sample of @entity0 . This agrees with the paradigm that motor recovery after infarction is strongly dependent on a critical residual sparing of the corticospinal function. In this context, the test properties of MEPs in predicting motor recovery are discussed. The added value of MEPs with respect to motor recovery of the upper extremity should be regarded as established for @entity0 with initial @entity3 , especially since clinical examination alone lacks the possibility to detect the potential for motor recovery in these cases.

title: Motor evoked potentials in predicting recovery from XXXX after @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using @entity5 (tac) or @entity1 ( @entity4 ) with @entity3 ( @entity6 ) and @entity2 . METHODS: Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney @entity0 receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: @entity0 receiving CsA- @entity6 (n=4,686) and tac- @entity6 (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA- @entity6 than tac- @entity6 (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in @entity0 receiving tac- @entity6 versus CsA- @entity6 for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with @entity6 .

title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of @entity5 and XXXX microemulsion with @entity3 and @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using @entity5 (tac) or @entity1 ( @entity4 ) with @entity3 ( @entity6 ) and @entity2 . METHODS: Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney @entity0 receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: @entity0 receiving CsA- @entity6 (n=4,686) and tac- @entity6 (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA- @entity6 than tac- @entity6 (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in @entity0 receiving tac- @entity6 versus CsA- @entity6 for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with @entity6 .

title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of @entity5 and @entity1 microemulsion with @entity3 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using @entity5 (tac) or @entity1 ( @entity4 ) with @entity3 ( @entity6 ) and @entity2 . METHODS: Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney @entity0 receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: @entity0 receiving CsA- @entity6 (n=4,686) and tac- @entity6 (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA- @entity6 than tac- @entity6 (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in @entity0 receiving tac- @entity6 versus CsA- @entity6 for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with @entity6 .

title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of XXXX and @entity1 microemulsion with @entity3 and @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using @entity5 (tac) or @entity1 ( @entity4 ) with @entity3 ( @entity6 ) and @entity2 . METHODS: Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney @entity0 receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: @entity0 receiving CsA- @entity6 (n=4,686) and tac- @entity6 (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA- @entity6 than tac- @entity6 (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in @entity0 receiving tac- @entity6 versus CsA- @entity6 for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with @entity6 .

title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of @entity5 and @entity1 microemulsion with XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Ethanolic extracts containing soluble @entity6 were prepared from four foods : @entity7 , peanut, coconut and papaye. Six-month-old @entity0 were given by stomach tube 10 mM @entity5 solution (+ 45Ca) containing a @entity4 . Depending on the group, the @entity4 was @entity1 or @entity8 or @entity9 at 200 mM concentration, or one ethanolic extract. Blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. @entity0 were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radioactivity was used as a measure of @entity2 absorption. Extracts of @entity7 , peanut, and papaye were the more patent in promoting @entity2 absorption. Extracts of coconut were less effective. This physiological activity of the extracts was correlated with the nature of @entity6 , identified by paper chromatography. @entity7 contained @entity9 , peanut included @entity3 , @entity9 and @entity10 . @entity3 was abundant in papaye but in little quantity in coconut. The present experiments or earlier works had showed that these @entity6 enhanced @entity2 utilization.

title: [Effects of soluble @entity6 from several tropical foods ( XXXX , peanuts, coconut and papaya) on @entity2 utilization in the @entity0 ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: Ethanolic extracts containing soluble @entity6 were prepared from four foods : @entity7 , peanut, coconut and papaye. Six-month-old @entity0 were given by stomach tube 10 mM @entity5 solution (+ 45Ca) containing a @entity4 . Depending on the group, the @entity4 was @entity1 or @entity8 or @entity9 at 200 mM concentration, or one ethanolic extract. Blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. @entity0 were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radioactivity was used as a measure of @entity2 absorption. Extracts of @entity7 , peanut, and papaye were the more patent in promoting @entity2 absorption. Extracts of coconut were less effective. This physiological activity of the extracts was correlated with the nature of @entity6 , identified by paper chromatography. @entity7 contained @entity9 , peanut included @entity3 , @entity9 and @entity10 . @entity3 was abundant in papaye but in little quantity in coconut. The present experiments or earlier works had showed that these @entity6 enhanced @entity2 utilization.

title: [Effects of soluble @entity6 from several tropical foods ( @entity7 , peanuts, coconut and papaya) on XXXX utilization in the @entity0 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Ethanolic extracts containing soluble @entity6 were prepared from four foods : @entity7 , peanut, coconut and papaye. Six-month-old @entity0 were given by stomach tube 10 mM @entity5 solution (+ 45Ca) containing a @entity4 . Depending on the group, the @entity4 was @entity1 or @entity8 or @entity9 at 200 mM concentration, or one ethanolic extract. Blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. @entity0 were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radioactivity was used as a measure of @entity2 absorption. Extracts of @entity7 , peanut, and papaye were the more patent in promoting @entity2 absorption. Extracts of coconut were less effective. This physiological activity of the extracts was correlated with the nature of @entity6 , identified by paper chromatography. @entity7 contained @entity9 , peanut included @entity3 , @entity9 and @entity10 . @entity3 was abundant in papaye but in little quantity in coconut. The present experiments or earlier works had showed that these @entity6 enhanced @entity2 utilization.

title: [Effects of soluble XXXX from several tropical foods ( @entity7 , peanuts, coconut and papaya) on @entity2 utilization in the @entity0 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: Ethanolic extracts containing soluble @entity6 were prepared from four foods : @entity7 , peanut, coconut and papaye. Six-month-old @entity0 were given by stomach tube 10 mM @entity5 solution (+ 45Ca) containing a @entity4 . Depending on the group, the @entity4 was @entity1 or @entity8 or @entity9 at 200 mM concentration, or one ethanolic extract. Blood samples were taken at different times after the administration and plasma radioactivity was measured. @entity0 were sacrificed at 24 hours; femur radioactivity was used as a measure of @entity2 absorption. Extracts of @entity7 , peanut, and papaye were the more patent in promoting @entity2 absorption. Extracts of coconut were less effective. This physiological activity of the extracts was correlated with the nature of @entity6 , identified by paper chromatography. @entity7 contained @entity9 , peanut included @entity3 , @entity9 and @entity10 . @entity3 was abundant in papaye but in little quantity in coconut. The present experiments or earlier works had showed that these @entity6 enhanced @entity2 utilization.

title: [Effects of soluble @entity6 from several tropical foods ( @entity7 , peanuts, coconut and papaya) on @entity2 utilization in the XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior following chronic drug self-administration has been demonstrated in @entity0 in the presence of conditioned cues. This experimental model of cue-induced relapse can be used to assess the neural circuitry involved in relapse. We have previously shown that blockade of @entity1 D1 receptors in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) abolishes conditioned cue-induced reinstatement of @entity3 -seeking behavior. The present study tested the hypothesis that @entity4 -induced facilitation of @entity2 neurotransmission in the BLA would potentiate conditioned cue-induced reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior. During daily self-administration sessions over 10 consecutive days, @entity0 pressed a lever to receive @entity3 infusions (0.2 mg/0.05 ml) paired with a light+tone compound stimulus. Following self-administration, @entity0 underwent daily extinction sessions, during which no stimuli were presented. On the test days, @entity0 received intra-BLA @entity4 (10 or 30 micro g/side) or vehicle infusions followed by extinction or conditioned cue-induced reinstatement testing. @entity4 infusions did not alter extinction responding relative to vehicle infusions. During reinstatement testing, conditioned cue presentation significantly increased responding over extinction levels, and intra-BLA @entity4 produced a dose-dependent increase in lever responding relative to vehicle infusions. These findings suggest that enhanced @entity2 tone in the BLA potentiates the motivational effect and/or salience of @entity3 -paired cues during reinstatement.

title: Potentiated reinstatement of @entity3 -seeking behavior following XXXX infusion into the basolateral amygdala.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior following chronic drug self-administration has been demonstrated in @entity0 in the presence of conditioned cues. This experimental model of cue-induced relapse can be used to assess the neural circuitry involved in relapse. We have previously shown that blockade of @entity1 D1 receptors in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) abolishes conditioned cue-induced reinstatement of @entity3 -seeking behavior. The present study tested the hypothesis that @entity4 -induced facilitation of @entity2 neurotransmission in the BLA would potentiate conditioned cue-induced reinstatement of extinguished drug-seeking behavior. During daily self-administration sessions over 10 consecutive days, @entity0 pressed a lever to receive @entity3 infusions (0.2 mg/0.05 ml) paired with a light+tone compound stimulus. Following self-administration, @entity0 underwent daily extinction sessions, during which no stimuli were presented. On the test days, @entity0 received intra-BLA @entity4 (10 or 30 micro g/side) or vehicle infusions followed by extinction or conditioned cue-induced reinstatement testing. @entity4 infusions did not alter extinction responding relative to vehicle infusions. During reinstatement testing, conditioned cue presentation significantly increased responding over extinction levels, and intra-BLA @entity4 produced a dose-dependent increase in lever responding relative to vehicle infusions. These findings suggest that enhanced @entity2 tone in the BLA potentiates the motivational effect and/or salience of @entity3 -paired cues during reinstatement.

title: Potentiated reinstatement of XXXX -seeking behavior following @entity4 infusion into the basolateral amygdala.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 90 grafts were inserted as arterial and shunt conduits in 31 @entity1 . @entity0 saphenous veins and umbilical veins were either fresh or treated with 0.2% v/v @entity3 . 72 samples from these grafts were studied morphologically. Macroscopic inspection, and light, scanning and transmission microscopy was used. The insertion time of the grafts were kept in place for periods up to 6.0 months. The tanning procedure with @entity3 destroyed all normal endothelial structures. However, the new vascular interface appeared to be quite thrombo-resistant, because only slight changes were found on the flow surface following surgery. Multiple collagen fibres were seen with fibrin like deposits predominating. In those grafts which were thrombosed the @entity2 had its origin at the anastomotic site and the graft itself was free of @entity2 . No endothelium could be seen in any case studied. Fresh untreated saphenous vein grafts studied as controls showed clear degenerative changes and @entity2 accumulation on the inner surface. The same kind of changes were found also in the anastomosing artery.

title: Morphological study of flow surface of XXXX pre-treated vascular substitutes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Improved laser treatment of @entity1 is expected by utilizing higher incident dosages, longer pulse durations and longer wavelengths than those currently used in clinical settings. However, simply increasing the incident dosage will also increase the risk of nonspecific @entity2 to the epidermis due to light absorption by melanin. In this study, we investigated the thermal response of @entity0 skin epidermis to 595-nm wavelength laser irradiation at high incident dosages (up to 20 J/cm(2)) and long pulse durations (up to 40 milliseconds) in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling (CSC) using ex-vivo @entity0 skin samples. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Candela V-beam trade mark laser (595-nm wavelength) was used in the experiments. Ex-vivo @entity0 skin samples (Fitzpatrick types I-VI) were irradiated at the incident dosages D(0) = 4, 6, 10, 15, and 20 J/cm(2), laser pulse durations tau(laser) = 1.5, 10, and 40 milliseconds, without and with CSC (refrigerant-134A, spurt duration tau(CSC) = 100 milliseconds). @entity2 to the epidermis was evaluated by histological observations. RESULTS: Under the same incident dosage, longer pulse durations led to reduced @entity2 to the epidermis. Without CSC, no demonstrable @entity2 to the epidermis was observed in skin types I-II irradiated at the incident dosage as high as 15 J/cm(2), and in skin types III-IV at 10 J/cm(2). When CSC was applied, no evidence of @entity2 to the epidermis was present in skin types I-II even when irradiated at the maximum available incident dosage of the laser system (20 J/cm(2)). In skin types III-IV, no demonstrable @entity2 to the epidermis was observed when using incident dosage as high as 15 J/cm(2) in conjunction with CSC. In skin type VI, @entity2 to the epidermis could not be avoided even at the setting D(0) = 4 J/cm(2), tau(laser) = 40 milliseconds in conjunction with CSC. CONCLUSIONS: For a given incident dosage, longer pulse durations help reduce @entity2 to the epidermis. When a 100-millisecond cryogen spurt is applied, @entity2 to the epidermis can be prevented in ex-vivo skin types I-IV when irradiated at higher incident dosages (15-20 J/cm(2)) than those currently used in clinical settings. Further studies on optimizing the CSC parameters in conjunction with the laser irradiation parameters are needed to protect skin types V-VI from @entity2 to the epidermis.

title: Thermal response of XXXX skin epidermis to 595-nm laser irradiation at high incident dosages and long pulse durations in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling: an ex-vivo study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical course, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of invasive @entity2 (IPD) cases in a public hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective review of IPD cases occurring from January 2004 through December 2008 was performed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and serotyping were performed for available isolates. RESULTS: Fifty one IPD cases occurred during the study period, of which 47 had medical records available for review. The majority of cases occurred among @entity0 under 5 years of age (23.4%) and adults over 60 years of age (36.1%). Underlying diseases were identified in 72.3% of @entity0 . Fifty-three percent of cases were associated with @entity1 , while 17% had @entity4 , and 15% had @entity5 . Serotype could be determined for 15 (31.9%) isolates, and 6B was most common. Based on current antibiotic susceptibility breakpoints for @entity4 , 4 of the 7 available isolates from @entity4 cases were @entity3 resistant and one had reduced susceptibility to @entity6 . Among @entity4 isolates, 96.7% were @entity3 susceptible and 3.3% had intermediate susceptibility to @entity3 . Overall case fatality proportion was 19%. CONCLUSION: At this tertiary care hospital in Bangkok, IPD has disproportionately affected young @entity0 and the elderly. High rates of @entity3 resistance among @entity4 cases, the most severe form of IPD, underscore the need of appropriate treatment strategies and vaccine usage.

title: Invasive XXXX in Phramongkutklao Hospital 2004-2008: clinical data, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3 is a rapidly progressive soft tissue @entity6 . Clinicalfeatures and microbial knowledge will help reduce mortality and morbidity from delayed diagnosis and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From January 2004 to December 2009, records of 222 @entity3 @entity0 were reviewed for the study. The following data were collected and recorded: age, sex, location of lesion, inciting event, clinical manifestation, culture and sensitivity and procedures. RESULTS: The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1 with 56.3 years mean age. The most of the occupations were elderly who stay at home and laborers. The highest incidence rate was during the raining seasons. The most common @entity6 site was at the lower extremity with unknown inciting event. A common underlying disease was @entity2 . The major complains presented was @entity5 , fever with chill, conscious change, gastrointestinal symptom. Examination revealed @entity5 (100%), fever (50.9)%, @entity7 blood pressure (32.4%). Positive wound culture isolation was 55.9% and in blood culture was 48%. Dominant gram negative bacteria (71.98%) were in wound culture but gram positive bacteria (51.28%) were dominant in blood culture. Polymicrobial isolates in wound culture was 48% and in blood culture was 6%. The average 2.5 procedures were debridement (33.8%), skin graft coverage (59.9%), amputation (15.4%). Mortality rate was 5.9% that 46.2% were @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Gram negative organisms were predominant wound isolates whereas gram positive organisms were predominant blood isolates. With high polymicrobial isolation, clinical manifestation can be described as @entity3 . The elderly and @entity2 @entity0 were at risk. Early diagnosis is important in @entity0 with fever, @entity4 and @entity1 skin findings. The hallmarks of treatment are prompt surgical opening and debridement to get rid of the source of @entity6 and broad-spectrum antibiotics treatment administered.

title: A retrospective review of XXXX in Thammasat University Hospital.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a common @entity4 in @entity0 . Current standard therapies carry high adverse effects. Refractory @entity5 to conventional therapies is not uncommon. Rituximab, anti- @entity7 monoclonal antibody, has been used as an adjunctive therapy in @entity0 with refractory @entity5 with limited reports. This study described pediatric @entity5 @entity0 in a single center, Thailand. To determine the clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcome of @entity5 @entity0 , the authors retrospectively studied 19 @entity0 (age <15 years) diagnosed with @entity5 at Thammasat University hospital, from January 01, 2002 through March 31, 2010. The mean age was 12.9 +/- 1.6 years; mean follow-up 3.3 +/- 2.6 years. Seventeen (89.5%) @entity0 were female. Clinical manifestations were hematological (89.5%), dermatologic (73.7%), and renal involvement (68.4%). @entity5 was diagnosed 1 year after systemic onset @entity8 in one @entity0 . @entity6 ( @entity6 ) class II was observed in 30.8%, class III (15.4%), and class IV (53.8%) of @entity0 with @entity6 . Overall, mean SLEDAI score at presentation was 14.9 +/- 2.2 and significantly decreased to 6.8 +/- 1.6 (p < 0.0001) at 1 month after treatment. Complete remission at 1 year demonstrated in 11 (68.7%) @entity0 . Infection was the most common complication followed by @entity2 . All @entity0 survived during follow-up period. Rituximab induced remission of @entity5 after refractory diffuse @entity3 in one @entity0 , and rapidly progressive @entity9 to end @entity1 in one @entity0 . Clinical outcome of pediatric @entity5 was favorable in the present study. Complications from corticosteroid and anti-inflammatory therapy were high. Rituximab may be a good adjunctive therapy for refractory @entity5 in @entity0 . Large controlled trials to establish safety profile and optimal regimen of rituximab in childhood @entity5 are required.

title: XXXX in Thammasat University Hospital.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Nuclear pleomorphism is a fundamental feature in evaluating the @entity1 of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) of the breast. In this study, pure @entity4 and the in situ component (IS-comp) of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are compared in order to verify if these are two different entities or the same process observed at different times during its evolution. Five cases of pure @entity4 and nine of @entity2 with extensive in situ component were selected. They were moderately and poorly differentiated. 30 nuclei for each @entity4 , and 30 nuclei for both the in situ and invasive component of each @entity2 were studied; thus, a total of 720 nuclei were submitted to the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) analysis, which enables a numerical expression not only of dimensions (area, perimeter, diameter) but also of nuclear contour irregularities and nuclear shape distortions. Univariate statistical comparisons were carried out between the nuclei of: (1) @entity4 and in situ component of @entity2 , (2) @entity4 and the invasive component of infiltrating @entity2 and (3) between the in situ and invasive component of infiltrating @entity2 . Multivariate analysis was utilized to compare nuclei of @entity4 with the in situ component of @entity2 . The in situ features of each @entity0 were also evaluated with the @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Nuclei of pure @entity4 resulted significantly larger (p < 0.001) and with a more regular shape (p < 0.001) than those of the in situ component of @entity2 . No differences were observed between the nuclei of the in situ and the invasive component of infiltrating @entity2 . Multivariate statistical analysis discriminated 77% of nuclei of in situ proliferation when both G2 and G3 @entity0 were considered, and 80% when only G3 @entity0 were considered. In conclusions morphological differences exist between pure @entity4 and the in situ component of @entity2 , which may be an expression of their biological behavior; moreover, these morphological differences seem to have a better discriminating power within the same histological grade.

title: Pure XXXX and in situ component of ductal invasive carcinoma of the breast. A preliminary morphometric study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 and @entity0 are removed from cells of @entity3 by the CzcCBA efflux pump and by two soft-metal-transporting P-type ATPases, CadA and ZntA. The czcCBA genes are located on plasmid pMOL30, and the cadA and zntA genes are on the bacterial chromosome. Expression of zntA from @entity3 in @entity1 predominantly mediated resistance to @entity0 , and expression of cadA predominantly mediated resistance to @entity2 . Both transporters decreased the cellular content of @entity0 or @entity2 in this host. In the plasmid-free @entity3 AE104, single gene deletions of cadA or zntA had only a moderate effect on @entity2 and @entity0 resistance, but @entity0 resistance decreased 6-fold and @entity2 resistance decreased 350-fold in double deletion strains. Neither single nor double gene deletions affected @entity0 resistance in the presence of czcCBA. In contrast, @entity2 resistance of the cadA zntA double mutant could be elevated only partially by the presence of CzcCBA. lacZ reporter gene fusions indicated that expression of cadA was induced by @entity2 but not by @entity0 in @entity3 AE104. In the absence of the zntA gene, expression of cadA occurred at lower @entity2 concentrations and @entity0 now served as an inducer. In contrast, expression of zntA was induced by both @entity0 and @entity2 , and the induction pattern did not change in the presence or absence of CadA. However, expression of both genes, zntA and cadA, was diminished in the presence of CzcCBA. This indicated that CzcCBA efficiently decreased cytoplasmic @entity2 and @entity0 concentrations. It is discussed whether these data favor a model in which the cations are removed either from the cytoplasm or the periplasm by CzcCBA.

title: Interplay of the Czc system and two P-type ATPases in conferring metal resistance to XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is associated with adverse outcomes in primary @entity2 (PCM). Detection of LVI by @entity5 and @entity6 staining alone is 0%-6%, but targeting lymphovascular structures increases the detection rate. OBJECTIVE: To examine the prognostic significance of LVI detected by immunostaining for D2-40 and @entity7 -associated transcription factor 1 (MITF1) in PCM. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed 120 PCM samples. We compared the LVI detection rates of immunostaining for D2-40 only (22%), double staining for D2-40 and MITF1 (38%), and @entity5 and @entity6 , and examined the association of LVI with clinicopathologic variables and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Immunolabeling with both methods significantly increased the LVI detection rate. Double staining for D2-40 and MITF1 as well as D2-40-detected LVI was significantly associated with increased Breslow thickness, number of mitoses, and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity1 . D2-40-detected LVI was also associated with @entity3 . Although the difference was not significant, double staining for D2-40 and MITF1 allowed for easier detection of LVI than D2-40 alone. LIMITATIONS: This study was conducted in a tertiary referral institution; therefore, a referral bias cannot be excluded. CONCLUSIONS: Immunolabeling increased detection of LVI in PCM. Because LVI is a positive predictive marker for @entity4 @entity1 , the authors propose using anti-D2-40 and anti-MITF1 in the evaluation of LVI in @entity0 with PCM with a certain risk of @entity4 @entity1 .

title: Prognostic Implication of Lymphovascular Invasion Detected by Double Immunostaining for D2-40 and MITF1 in Primary XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The specific skin locations of @entity5 (M. M.) and @entity6 (M. W.) are rare. The authors report here 4 cases: 2 within M. M., the other 2 within @entity4 with @entity7 (M. W.) or in situ tumoral secretion of IgM. Observation no. 1. A 56-year-old @entity0 is admitted for investigations for spontaneous @entity1 of the ribs. The skin examination reveals about ten purple, nodular and sometimes ulcerated lesions of the back which appeared over more than one year. The histology of a cutaneous nodule shows a dense infiltrate of plasma cells with numerous atypical cells. The laboratory investigations reveal a IgG, kappa M. M. A polychemotherapy leads to a healing of the nodules in 3 months. Observation no. 2. A 58-year-old @entity0 is admitted for investigations of a @entity3 (6.80/24 h) which will be imputed to a lambda chains M. M. One year and a half later appear subcutaneous thoracic nodules. The histology of the skin confirms the diagnosis of metastatic @entity2 ; the @entity0 will die a few months later in spite of the chemotherapy. Observation no. 3. A 84-year-old @entity0 is admitted for investigations of a dysglobulinemia. On the cutaneous part there are tumoral purple plaques symmetrically disposed on the 2 cheeks and the nose. The histology of the skin shows a dermo-hypodermal tumoral infiltrate essentially made of lymphoplasmocytoid cells. In direct immunofluorescence study there is a kappa tumoral secretion of mu type.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Specific cutaneous localizations in XXXX and @entity6 . Apropos of 4 cases].

answer: @entity5


abstract: The specific skin locations of @entity5 (M. M.) and @entity6 (M. W.) are rare. The authors report here 4 cases: 2 within M. M., the other 2 within @entity4 with @entity7 (M. W.) or in situ tumoral secretion of IgM. Observation no. 1. A 56-year-old @entity0 is admitted for investigations for spontaneous @entity1 of the ribs. The skin examination reveals about ten purple, nodular and sometimes ulcerated lesions of the back which appeared over more than one year. The histology of a cutaneous nodule shows a dense infiltrate of plasma cells with numerous atypical cells. The laboratory investigations reveal a IgG, kappa M. M. A polychemotherapy leads to a healing of the nodules in 3 months. Observation no. 2. A 58-year-old @entity0 is admitted for investigations of a @entity3 (6.80/24 h) which will be imputed to a lambda chains M. M. One year and a half later appear subcutaneous thoracic nodules. The histology of the skin confirms the diagnosis of metastatic @entity2 ; the @entity0 will die a few months later in spite of the chemotherapy. Observation no. 3. A 84-year-old @entity0 is admitted for investigations of a dysglobulinemia. On the cutaneous part there are tumoral purple plaques symmetrically disposed on the 2 cheeks and the nose. The histology of the skin shows a dermo-hypodermal tumoral infiltrate essentially made of lymphoplasmocytoid cells. In direct immunofluorescence study there is a kappa tumoral secretion of mu type.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Specific cutaneous localizations in @entity5 and XXXX . Apropos of 4 cases].

answer: @entity6