abstract: @entity4 gene, a transcription factor that belongs to the family of basic helix-loop-helix proteins, has been related to @entity2 progression and @entity1 in different @entity2 . The aim of our study was to investigate @entity4 promoter methylation in @entity0 with primary @entity3 and determine its correlation with prognostic factors and disease outcome. Seventy-three @entity0 with primary @entity3 were studied. From each @entity0 two tissue samples were collected: one sample of the @entity2 and one sample of normal colorectal tissue from an area located 15  cm away from the @entity2 . Samples of colorectal mucosa obtained from 30 individuals without @entity2 were also studied as a control group. All tissues were analyzed through methylation-specific PCR. @entity4 hypermethylation was detected in colorectal specimens of 46 @entity0 with @entity2 , but in none of the tissues from the nonmalignant control group (p   <   0.001). In @entity2 @entity0 , @entity4 hypermethylation was found in 38 of 73 @entity2 samples as compared with 20 of 73 matched samples of non-cancerous colorectal tissue (P   =   0.001). @entity4 hypermethylation was not correlated with prognostic predictors for the disease outcome, @entity0 ' overall survival and disease-free survival rates. We concluded that @entity4 hypermethylation is present in the colon and rectum of most @entity0 with @entity3 , suggesting this molecular alteration may be involved in the process of @entity3 .

title: XXXX promoter methylation in primary @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 gene, a transcription factor that belongs to the family of basic helix-loop-helix proteins, has been related to @entity2 progression and @entity1 in different @entity2 . The aim of our study was to investigate @entity4 promoter methylation in @entity0 with primary @entity3 and determine its correlation with prognostic factors and disease outcome. Seventy-three @entity0 with primary @entity3 were studied. From each @entity0 two tissue samples were collected: one sample of the @entity2 and one sample of normal colorectal tissue from an area located 15  cm away from the @entity2 . Samples of colorectal mucosa obtained from 30 individuals without @entity2 were also studied as a control group. All tissues were analyzed through methylation-specific PCR. @entity4 hypermethylation was detected in colorectal specimens of 46 @entity0 with @entity2 , but in none of the tissues from the nonmalignant control group (p   <   0.001). In @entity2 @entity0 , @entity4 hypermethylation was found in 38 of 73 @entity2 samples as compared with 20 of 73 matched samples of non-cancerous colorectal tissue (P   =   0.001). @entity4 hypermethylation was not correlated with prognostic predictors for the disease outcome, @entity0 ' overall survival and disease-free survival rates. We concluded that @entity4 hypermethylation is present in the colon and rectum of most @entity0 with @entity3 , suggesting this molecular alteration may be involved in the process of @entity3 .

title: @entity4 promoter methylation in primary XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Although cases of upper G.E. tract diseases associated with simple @entity4 are described as specific syndromes in the literature (Saint's triad, @entity1 , etc.) they may be usefully evaluated with the aim of checking the following parameters: a) incidence and importance of associated pathologies; b) etio-pathogenetic correlation between age, sex and incidence; c) clinical extent of the disease and factors determining choice of medical or surgical treatment; d) more specific presurgical diagnostic investigation for certain cases; e) effect of combined surgery on recovery. Recent research carried out (Choctaw) in which the term associated pathology was defined is described. A sample of 358 @entity0 suffering from @entity4 was examined. Of these, 230 were suitable candidates for surgery and systemic presurgical examination by means of digestive tract X-ray investigation and fecal blood tests. 35% of cases were found to be associated pathologies including @entity3 , peptic @entity5 , @entity2 and various diseases of the large intestine. These data were found to be statistically different from data collected from a similar group of @entity0 complaining of abdominal colic who did not display symptoms of @entity4 although 17% had diseases of the upper G.E. tract. Combined surgery was carried out on 82% of @entity0 and the subsequent follow-up period lasted for 1 to 3 years. A presurgical study programme aimed particularly at female @entity0 over 50 was therefore designed. Post-surgical recovery was not affected by combined surgery.

title: [ XXXX associated with upper gastrointestinal pathology. Critical evaluation of the emerging incidence and diagnostic and therapeutic indications].

answer: @entity4


abstract: Since its introduction in 1981 uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) has become an alternative surgical approach to permanent tracheostomy in treating @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, the criteria for selecting candidates for this procedure are unclear and the prediction of a positive response remains an enigma. This article presents the experience with UPPPs performed on 35 @entity0 who had moderate to severe @entity3 . Criteria for @entity0 selection included @entity4 severity, @entity6 , and clinical symptomatology. All but two @entity0 demonstrated clinical improvement, although there was considerable variability in the degree of response. @entity0 were classified as good or poor responders on the basis of the severity index (SI), which represents the number of @entity4 and @entity5 per hour of sleep resulting in @entity2 saturation below 85%. A greater than 50% improvement in the SI was considered a good response. Twenty-three @entity0 (65.7%) were good responders and the remaining 12 (34.3%) were poor responders. The need for permanent tracheostomy was obviated in 16 of 32 @entity0 presenting with disabling @entity1 or severe @entity6 . Therefore it appears that UPPP is useful for treating most @entity3 @entity0 .

title: Further evaluation of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effects of osmolarity, @entity0 concentration and cell-size liposomes in the subphase on the surface tension of phospholipid monolayers were investigated. The monolayers were spread from @entity3 solutions of @entity4 at air/water solution interface. The liposomes (of average diameter 3 micron) were formed from @entity4 /egg lecithin (1:2) mixtures in water or 0.1 M water solutions of @entity1 . For this system there were critical concentrations of @entity0 ions to produce a large reduction of the monolayer surface tension. The threshold @entity0 concentrations depended upon the @entity1 concentration in the subphase. Without @entity1 the threshold @entity0 concentration was 8 mM, while for isoosmotic @entity1 solutions (0.1/0.1 M in/out of liposome) it was 14 mM. It sharply increased to 28 mM @entity2 at @entity1 concentration difference across the liposome membrane 0.02 M and decreased to 26 mM, 19 mM, and 18 mM with further increase of that difference to 0.04 M, 0.06 M, and 0.08 M, respectively. The rate of monolayer surface tension decrease was measured as a function of time at 30 mM @entity2 and different @entity1 concentrations in the subphase solution. The initial rates at first decreased with increasing the osmotic pressure and after that they increased. The minimum occurred at @entity1 concentration gradient across the liposome membrane 0.02 M, i.e., at the point of maximum threshold @entity0 concentration required for large decrease of the monolayer surface tension. These facts may be explained by recent theories of dynamics of adhesion, instability and fusion of membranes modeled as thin films.

title: Kinetics of XXXX -induced fusion of cell-size liposomes with monolayers in solutions of different osmolarity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity7 are @entity0 , leading to the loss of adipose tissue. This loss of adipose tissue can be generalized or partial, thus defining different phenotypes. These @entity6 have a major metabolic impact, secondary to lipotoxicity. This lipotoxicity is responsible for insulin resistance, @entity4 and @entity2 . The severity of the metabolic impact correlates with the severity of the loss of adipose tissue. Mutations in 15 predisposition genes are currently described; @entity9 and @entity1 genes are the major genes in the generalized forms. On the contrary, @entity5 and @entity8 gene mutations are recovered in partial @entity6 forms. These different genes encode for proteins involved in adipocyte physiology, altering adipocyte differentiation, @entity3 synthesis and lysis or playing a major role in the lipid droplet formation. @entity7 treatment is based on the management of metabolic comorbidities but recombinant leptin therapy appears to have promising results. These different points have been recently discussed during the 2015 Endocrine Society Congress, notably by S. O'Rahilly and are highlighted in this review.

title: [Genetics of XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: The triangle sail mussel, @entity2 , is the most important freshwater pearl mussel in China. However, the mechanisms underlying its chitin-mediated shell and nacre formation remain largely unknown. Here, we characterized a chitin synthase (CS) gene (HcCS1) in @entity2 , and analyzed its possible physiological function. The complete ORF sequence of HcCS1 contained 6903 bp, encoding a 2300- @entity1 protein (theoretical molecular mass = 264 kDa; isoelectric point = 6.22), and no putative signal peptide was predicted. A @entity3 motor head domain, a CS domain, and 12 transmembrane domains were found. The predicted spatial structures of the @entity3 head and CS domains were similar to the electron microscopic structure of the heavy meromyosin subfragment of @entity0 smooth muscle @entity3 and the crystal structure of bacterial cellulose synthase, respectively. This structural similarity indicates that the functions of these two domains might be conserved. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR results showed that HcCS1 was present in all detected tissues, with the highest expression levels detected in the mantle. The HcCS1 transcripts in the mantle were upregulated following shell damage from 12 to 24 h post-damage, and they peaked (approximately 1.5-fold increase) at 12 h after shell damage. These findings suggest that HcCS1 was involved in shell regeneration, and that it might participate in shell and nacre formation in this species via chitin synthesis. HcCS1 might also dynamically regulate chitin deposition during the process of shell and nacre formation with the help of its conserved @entity3 head domain.

title: Characterization and functional analysis of a chitin synthase gene (HcCS1) identified from the freshwater pearlmussel XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values to predict treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 (LABC). Thirty-two @entity1 with LABC underwent 2-4 cylces of NCT ( @entity5 and @entity6 ). The DW-MRI scans were performed within one week prior to chemotherapy and after the first course of treatment, respectively. Accordingly, @entity2 volumes, changes in @entity2 ADC values, and their degree of correlation were analyzed. The overall response (OR) was observed in 62.5% (95% CI, 45.7-79.3%) of @entity1 after 2 cycles of NCT. The clinical complete response (CR) rate and pathological CR (pCR) rate were 15.6 and 9.4%, respectively. The @entity3 ( @entity3 ) rate was 34.4% (11 @entity1 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was observed in only one @entity1 (3.1%). After the first cycle of NCT, the ADC values in the CR + PR group significantly increased (P < 0.001). The initial ADC values before chemotherapy in the OR group were significantly lower than those in the @entity3 + @entity4 group (P < 0.001). The initial ADC values and the changes in @entity2 volume after chemotherapy were negatively correlated (r = -0.58, P = 0.02). The lower the initial @entity2 ADC value was the more obvious the decrease in @entity2 volume after chemotherapy. The changes in ADC values of @entity2 after chemotherapy and the changes in @entity2 volume were positively correlated (r = 0.96, P < 0.001). After chemotherapy, the greater the change in ADC value, the more the @entity2 volume was reduced. Using the initial ADC values of @entity0 and the early changes in ADC values after NCT, we may be able to predict @entity2 response to chemotherapy. @entity2 with low initial ADC values may be sensitive to chemotherapy; @entity2 with significantly increasing ADC values early after chemotherapy may be sensitive to chemotherapy.

title: DW-MRI ADC values can predict treatment response in @entity1 with locally advanced XXXX undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values to predict treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity0 (LABC). Thirty-two @entity1 with LABC underwent 2-4 cylces of NCT ( @entity5 and @entity6 ). The DW-MRI scans were performed within one week prior to chemotherapy and after the first course of treatment, respectively. Accordingly, @entity2 volumes, changes in @entity2 ADC values, and their degree of correlation were analyzed. The overall response (OR) was observed in 62.5% (95% CI, 45.7-79.3%) of @entity1 after 2 cycles of NCT. The clinical complete response (CR) rate and pathological CR (pCR) rate were 15.6 and 9.4%, respectively. The @entity3 ( @entity3 ) rate was 34.4% (11 @entity1 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was observed in only one @entity1 (3.1%). After the first cycle of NCT, the ADC values in the CR + PR group significantly increased (P < 0.001). The initial ADC values before chemotherapy in the OR group were significantly lower than those in the @entity3 + @entity4 group (P < 0.001). The initial ADC values and the changes in @entity2 volume after chemotherapy were negatively correlated (r = -0.58, P = 0.02). The lower the initial @entity2 ADC value was the more obvious the decrease in @entity2 volume after chemotherapy. The changes in ADC values of @entity2 after chemotherapy and the changes in @entity2 volume were positively correlated (r = 0.96, P < 0.001). After chemotherapy, the greater the change in ADC value, the more the @entity2 volume was reduced. Using the initial ADC values of @entity0 and the early changes in ADC values after NCT, we may be able to predict @entity2 response to chemotherapy. @entity2 with low initial ADC values may be sensitive to chemotherapy; @entity2 with significantly increasing ADC values early after chemotherapy may be sensitive to chemotherapy.

title: DW-MRI ADC values can predict treatment response in XXXX with locally advanced @entity0 undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate functional, anatomical and clinical efficacy, and safety of the pattern scanning laser (PASCAL  ) photocoagulation in @entity0 with @entity3 and absence of proliferative @entity1 . METHODS: From 2008 to 2013 84 eyes of 58 @entity0 (30 @entity0 , 28 @entity0 ) were treated with pattern laser photocoagulation at the Ophthalmology Department at University Hospital Ostrava. Average age at the baseline visit was 65 years. The inclusion criteria included nonproliferative @entity1 (84 eyes), focal DME (14 eyes), diffuse exudative DME (70 eyes). All the eyes were "treatment naive". The average duration of @entity1 was 18 years, average baseline HbA1c value was 8,4%. Either focal laser photocoagulation or grid photocoagulation was performed with the PASCAL photocoagulator. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), fundus photography, biomicroscopy and complications were evaluated during the minimum 12months follow-up period. Statistical analysis using parametrical and nonparametrical tests with p less than 0,05 was done. RESULTS: Mean baseline BCVA was 0,43 logMAR. Values 0,38, 0,37, 0,38 a 0,38 logMAR were observed in the follow-up intervals in the 4th, 6th, 12th and 18th month. In 4 eyes (5%) improvement of more than 3 lines was observed, in 26 eyes (31%) improvement from 0 to 3 lines was observed, in 52 eyes (62%) decrease from 0 to 3 lines was observed and in 2 eyes (2%) decrease of more than 3 lines was observed. Mean baseline CRT was 398   m, values 370   m, 362   m, 349   m and 338   m were observed in the follow-up intervals in the 4th, 6th, 12th and 18th month. At the 12th month visit 76 eyes (90%) were stabilized, and in 8 eyes (10%) progression of the disease was observed. No complications were observed during the first 12 monhts follow up. CONCLUSION: Pattern scanning laser photocoagulation of DME lead to BCVA and clinical stabilization. In addition to this, it lead to decrease of the CRT. The efficacy was comparable to traditional laser systems with no apparent benefit to the traditional systems. The efficacy was inferior to modern intraocular anti- @entity2 ( @entity2 ) drugs. KEY WORDS: @entity3 , pattern scanning laser, short pulse duration.

title: [Treatment Results of the XXXX by Means of the PASCAL Laser System].

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 are a major cause of morbidity in military training. They are more common among overweight/ @entity1 individuals, and the prevalence of overweight/ @entity1 in the military has increased. During strong economic periods, the military can be challenged to recruit enough qualified personnel, and physical standards are sometimes relaxed. AIMS: This study was conducted to compare the incidence of and outpatient utilization for training-related @entity3 among @entity0 who were over body fat (OBF) standards compared with those who were weight qualified (WQ). METHODS: All study subjects were @entity0 >= 18 years old, who were classified as OBF or WQ and were followed for 90 days. During this period, everyone entering through the study sites was required to take a physical fitness test (5 min step test). Only individuals passing the fitness test were included in these analyses. RESULTS: There were 812 OBF and 6511 WQ study @entity0 . OBF were 47% more likely to experience a @entity2 and had 49% higher health care utilization. Other significant factors included age >19 and a history of smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Among this population who had passed a fitness test, those who were OBF had a substantially higher risk of injury and higher utilization for these injuries. Because the recruiting environment is much better, military entrance standards have been tightened, but should the economy improve substantially the military may again be challenged to recruit adequate numbers of personnel, and the lessons learned in this project may prove valuable.

title: XXXX among overweight army trainees: incidence and health care utilization.

answer: @entity2


abstract: To stimulate healing and prevent @entity2 through optimized physical exercise, it is important to elucidate the tendon response to repetitive mechanical loading. However, the study of this response is challenging due to complex cell-matrix interactions. In an initial approximation, the authors examined tendon mechanical response only, and did not consider cellular activity. The authors investigated the hypothesis that mechanical degradation occurs relatively rapidly (< 24 h) even at very low stress levels. The authors subjected @entity0 tail tendons to mechanical loadings oscillating between 0 and 1.5 MPa up to one of three @entity3 levels: 4% strain, 8% strain, or @entity1 . Using non-destructive mechanical tests, changes in tendon strain and compliance over the entire @entity3 testing period were evaluated. Using microscopy techniques, the structural evidence of mechanical degradation was examined. The changes in tendon strain and compliance progressed nonlinearly and accelerated before @entity1 which took place around the 15-h mark. Histological analyses revealed a higher degree of alteration in the collagen network at increased @entity3 levels. At @entity1 , local zones of damage with low fibril density were evident. These results imply that a repair process must act rapidly at critical sites; otherwise, enzymatic degradation could cause further damage in the manner of a vicious cycle.

title: Low stress tendon XXXX is a relatively rapid process in the context of overuse injuries.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficiency of computed tomographic perfusion (CTP), contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and @entity3 position emission tomography (PET/CT) in the diagnosis of @entity2 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This prospective study consisted of 33 @entity0 with pathologically confirmed @entity2 of which and 2 had esophageal abscess. All the @entity0 underwent CTP, CECT and PET/CT imaging and the imaging findings were evaluated. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values were calculated for each of the three imaging modalities relative to the histological diagnosis. RESULTS: Thirty three @entity1 were visualized on CTP; on CECT:29, on PET/CT:27. Six @entity1 were stage 1 and the two and four @entity1 missed by CECT and PET/CT, respectively. The significant differences were between the CTP and CECT (p:0.02), and CTP and PET/CT (p:0.04), for stage 1 @entity1 were found. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive. Corresponding values for and negative predictive value of CTP were 100%,100%,100% and 100% respectively. Corresponding values for CECT were 93.94%, 0%, 93.94% and 0% respectively, and those of PET/CT were 87.88%, 0%, 93.55% and 0% respectively. Hence the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values of CTP were better than those of CECT and PET/CT. CONCLUSION: The CTP had an advantage over CECT and PET/CT in the detecting small lesions. The CTP was valuable especially in stage 1 @entity1 .

title: The Comparison of Computed Tomography Perfusion, Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography and Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for detection of Primary XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine @entity2 @entity0 ' knowledge of their condition, including the central role of achieving and maintaining serum urate (SU) goal with the use of @entity3 lowering therapy (ULT). METHODS: This study of 612 @entity2 @entity0 was conducted at a Veterans Affairs medical center. Gout @entity0 were included based on administrative diagnostic codes and receipt of at least one @entity1 prescription over a one-year period. Questionnaires were mailed to @entity0 and linked to medical records data. The questionnaire included @entity2 -specific knowledge questions, the @entity0 Activation Measure and self-reported health outcomes. Knowledge was assessed descriptively. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine predictors of SU goal knowledge. Associations of knowledge with health outcomes were examined in exploratory analyses. RESULTS: The questionnaire had a 62% response rate. Only 14% of @entity0 knew their SU goal while the vast majority answered correctly for the other 5 @entity2 -specific knowledge questions. In adjusted analyses, having a rheumatologist as initial prescriber (OR 3.0; 95% CI 1.4 to 6.2) and knowing all of the other 5 @entity2 -specific knowledge questions (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.3 to 3.4) were associated with greater odds of knowing SU goal. SU goal knowledge was associated with self-reported global health status, but not with self-reported health-related quality of life or @entity2 -specific health status. CONCLUSION: There is a knowledge deficit regarding SU treatment goal among @entity2 @entity0 receiving ULT despite generally high levels of other @entity2 -specific knowledge. SU goal information may be an important and underutilized concept among providers treating @entity2 @entity0 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Target Serum Urate: Do Gout XXXX Know Their Goal?

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Despite the susceptibility to frequent intrinsic and extrinsic @entity3 , especially in the inner zone, the meniscus does not heal spontaneously owing to its poor vascularity. In this study, the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), containing various growth factors, on meniscal mechanisms was examined under normal and post-traumatic inflammatory conditions. Isolated primary meniscal cells of New Zealand white (NZW) @entity2 were incubated for 3, 10, 14 and 21 days with PRP(-), 10% PRP (PRP(+)), IL(+) or IL(+)PRP(+). The meniscal cells were collected and examined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Culture media were examined by immunoblot analyses for matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) catabolic molecules. PRP containing growth factors improved the cellular viability of meniscal cells in a concentration-dependent manner at Days 1, 4 and 7. However, based on RT-PCR, meniscal cells demonstrated dedifferentiation, along with an increase in type I collagen in the PRP(+) and in IL(+)PRP(+). In PRP(+), the aggrecan expression levels were lower than in the PRP(-) until Day 21. The protein levels of @entity5 and @entity6 were higher in each PRP group, i.e., PRP(+) and IL(+)PRP(+), at each culture time. A reproducible 2-mm circular defect on the meniscus of NZW @entity2 was used to implant fibrin glue (control) or PRP in vivo. After eight weeks, the lesions in the control and PRP groups were occupied with fibrous tissue, but not with meniscal cells. This study shows that PRP treatment of the meniscus results in an increase of catabolic molecules, especially those related to @entity4 -induced @entity0 , and that PRP treatment for an in vivo @entity3 accelerates @entity1 , instead of meniscal cartilage.

title: Platelet-Rich Plasma Increases the Levels of Catabolic Molecules and Cellular Dedifferentiation in the Meniscus of a XXXX Model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) who were treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy by either intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or conventional radiotherapy (CRT). METHODS: Forty-six @entity0 who received definitive chemoradiotherapy from January 1993 to August 2009 were included. Forty-five @entity0 received @entity6 with @entity4 (n = 39) or @entity2 (n = 6). Seventeen (37%) were treated with CRT and 29 (63%) with IMRT. The median dose was 54 Gy in both groups. Median follow-up was 26 months (CRT) and 32 months (IMRT). T3-T4 stage (P = .18) and lymph node-positive disease (P = .6) were similar between groups. RESULTS: The CRT group required longer treatment duration (57 days vs 40 days, P < .0001), more treatment breaks (88% vs 34.5%, P = .001), and longer breaks (12 days vs 1.5 days, P < .0001) than @entity0 treated with IMRT. Eleven (65%) @entity0 in the CRT group experienced grade >2 nonhematologic @entity1 compared with 6 (21%) @entity0 in the IMRT group (P = .003). The 3-year @entity5 ( @entity5 ), locoregional control (LRC), and progression-free survival were 87.8%, 91.9%, and 84.2%, respectively, for the IMRT groups and 51.8%, 56.7%, and 56.7%, respectively, for the CRT group (all P < .01). On multivariate analysis, T stage, use of IMRT, and treatment duration were associated with @entity5 , and T stage and use of IMRT were associated with LRC. CONCLUSIONS: The use of IMRT was associated with less @entity1 , reduced need for treatment breaks, and excellent LRC and @entity5 compared with CRT in @entity0 with @entity3 of the anal canal.

title: Intensity-modulated radiation therapy versus conventional radiation therapy for XXXX of the anal canal.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of burns and colds on @entity0 skin microcirculation and histomorphology has not been compared as yet. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) enables in vivo insight in @entity0 skin on cellular and subcellular levels. We evaluated analogies and differences of thermal injuries on microcirculation and histomorphology in vivo using RCM. METHODS: Local superficial burn (6 female, 4 male; aged 28.4    2.9 years, burn group) versus superficial cold (4 female, 6 male; aged 30.4    5.2 years, cold group) was induced on the dorsum of the hand in an experimental immersion hand model. In vivo RCM was performed prior (control), immediately (t1) and 15 minutes (t2) following thermal injury to evaluate: Individual blood cell flow (IBCF), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), epidermal thickness (ET), and granular cell size (GCS). RESULTS: In the burn group, IBCF was increased at t1 (78.02    2.60/min) and remained elevated at t2 (84.16    3.04/min). In the cold group, IBCF decreased at t1 (12.62    2.12 min) and increased at t2 (74.24    3.14/min, P < 0.05) compared to the controls (58.23    3.21/min). @entity1 was 6.74    0.52/mm(2) in controls and increased at both t1 (7.82    0.72/mm(2)) and t2 (8.02    0.81/mm(2)) in the burn group. In the cold group, @entity1 decreased at t1 (2.60    0.42/mm(2)) and increased at t2 (7.92    0.44/mm(2), P < 0.05). ET increased at both t1 (43.12    4.08  m, P > 0.05) and t2 (47.26    4.72  m, P < 0.05) in the burn group. In the cold group, ET decreased at t1 (39.92    3.14  m, P > 0.05) and increased at t2 (44.72    4.06  m, P < 0.05) compared to the controls (41.26    3.82  m). Control GCS was 726.9    59.4  m(2) and increased at both t1 (739.8    69.8  m(2), P > 0.05) and t2 (762.6    71.4  m(2), P < 0.05) in the burn group. In the cold group, GCS decreased at t1 (712.4    53.8  m(2), P > 0.05) and increased at t2 (742.6    64.8  m(2), P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Superficial burn induces more cellular destruction and cold leads to huge fluctuation in tissue perfusion, however, with moderate impact on histomorphology. The effect on dermal capillaries suggests a selective neural control and cold injuries might down-regulate this system, much more than burns can activate it.

title: Local burn versus local cold induced acute effects on in vivo microcirculation and histomorphology of the XXXX skin.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: No validated instruments have been developed to measure @entity3 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The aim of our study was to develop and validate a @entity1 perceived @entity3 questionnaire (CPWDQ). METHODS: Development phase: an initial questionnaire containing 52 items was obtained from @entity0 ' interviews plus additional sources; it was completed by 106 @entity0 and the 16 most significant items were selected using a psychometric method in order to create the CPWDQ. Validation phase: The validation assessed the questionnaire's convergent validity, discriminant validity, test-retest reproducibility, and internal consistency in 108 @entity0 . Spearman rank correlation, t-test, intraclass correlation, and Cronbach's alpha were used for the analysis. RESULTS: Convergent validity was confirmed by good correlations between the CPWDQ and: clinical activity (r = 0.59, P < 0.01), the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, IBDQ-9, (r = 0.76, P < 0.001), Euroqol-5D (r = 0.53, P < 0.01), and @entity2 (WPAI_CD) r = 0.66 (P < 0.01). Discriminant validity: CPWQ scores were higher in @entity0 expected to have more severe disability, that is, in @entity0 with active disease (n = 38) 32.3    7.3 versus inactive (n = 70) 22.6    5.9 (P < 0.001), in those requiring previous sick leave 30.7    7.5 (n = 45) versus no sick leave 22.6    6.6 (n = 63) (P < 0.01), and in those requiring hospitalization 32.2    8.6 (n = 18) versus no hospitalization 24.7    7.1 (n = 90) (P < 0.01). Internal consistency was also good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Reproducibility: CPWDQ measures obtained 2 weeks apart showed an excellent intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.93). CONCLUSIONS: The CPWDQ seems to be a valid, reliable tool for measuring subjective @entity3 in @entity1 .

title: Development and validation of the XXXX perceived @entity3 questionnaire.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: No validated instruments have been developed to measure @entity3 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The aim of our study was to develop and validate a @entity1 perceived @entity3 questionnaire (CPWDQ). METHODS: Development phase: an initial questionnaire containing 52 items was obtained from @entity0 ' interviews plus additional sources; it was completed by 106 @entity0 and the 16 most significant items were selected using a psychometric method in order to create the CPWDQ. Validation phase: The validation assessed the questionnaire's convergent validity, discriminant validity, test-retest reproducibility, and internal consistency in 108 @entity0 . Spearman rank correlation, t-test, intraclass correlation, and Cronbach's alpha were used for the analysis. RESULTS: Convergent validity was confirmed by good correlations between the CPWDQ and: clinical activity (r = 0.59, P < 0.01), the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, IBDQ-9, (r = 0.76, P < 0.001), Euroqol-5D (r = 0.53, P < 0.01), and @entity2 (WPAI_CD) r = 0.66 (P < 0.01). Discriminant validity: CPWQ scores were higher in @entity0 expected to have more severe disability, that is, in @entity0 with active disease (n = 38) 32.3    7.3 versus inactive (n = 70) 22.6    5.9 (P < 0.001), in those requiring previous sick leave 30.7    7.5 (n = 45) versus no sick leave 22.6    6.6 (n = 63) (P < 0.01), and in those requiring hospitalization 32.2    8.6 (n = 18) versus no hospitalization 24.7    7.1 (n = 90) (P < 0.01). Internal consistency was also good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Reproducibility: CPWDQ measures obtained 2 weeks apart showed an excellent intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.93). CONCLUSIONS: The CPWDQ seems to be a valid, reliable tool for measuring subjective @entity3 in @entity1 .

title: Development and validation of the @entity1 perceived XXXX questionnaire.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A wealth of studies has investigated how chemical sensitivity is affected by temperature, however, almost always under different constant rather than more realistic fluctuating regimes. Here we compared how the @entity1 @entity1 responds to @entity0 at constant temperatures (8-24  C) and under fluctuation conditions of low (  4  C) and high (  8  C) amplitude (averages of 12, 16, 20  C and 16  C respectively). The DEBkiss model was used to interpret effects on energy budgets. Increasing constant temperature from 12-24  C reduced time to first egg, life-span and population growth rates consistent with temperature driven metabolic rate change. Responses at 8  C did not, however, accord with this pattern (including a deviation from the Temperature Size Rule), identifying a cold stress effect. High amplitude variation and low amplitude variation around a mean temperature of 12  C impacted reproduction and body size compared to @entity1 kept at the matching average constant temperatures. @entity0 exposure affected reproduction, body size and life-span and consequently population growth. Sensitivity to @entity0 (EC50 values), was similar at intermediate temperatures (12, 16, 20  C) and higher at 24  C and especially the innately stressful 8  C condition. Temperature variation did not increase @entity0 sensitivity. Indeed under variable conditions including time at the stressful 8  C condition, sensitivity was reduced. DEBkiss identified increased maintenance costs and increased assimilation as possible mechanisms for cold and higher @entity0 concentration effects. Model analysis of combined variable temperature effects, however, demonstrated no additional joint stressor response. Hence, concerns that exposure to temperature fluctuations may sensitise species to co-stressor effects seem unfounded in this case.

title: Variable Temperature Stress in the XXXX @entity1 (Maupas) and Its Implications for Sensitivity to an Additional Chemical Stressor.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A wealth of studies has investigated how chemical sensitivity is affected by temperature, however, almost always under different constant rather than more realistic fluctuating regimes. Here we compared how the @entity1 @entity1 responds to @entity0 at constant temperatures (8-24  C) and under fluctuation conditions of low (  4  C) and high (  8  C) amplitude (averages of 12, 16, 20  C and 16  C respectively). The DEBkiss model was used to interpret effects on energy budgets. Increasing constant temperature from 12-24  C reduced time to first egg, life-span and population growth rates consistent with temperature driven metabolic rate change. Responses at 8  C did not, however, accord with this pattern (including a deviation from the Temperature Size Rule), identifying a cold stress effect. High amplitude variation and low amplitude variation around a mean temperature of 12  C impacted reproduction and body size compared to @entity1 kept at the matching average constant temperatures. @entity0 exposure affected reproduction, body size and life-span and consequently population growth. Sensitivity to @entity0 (EC50 values), was similar at intermediate temperatures (12, 16, 20  C) and higher at 24  C and especially the innately stressful 8  C condition. Temperature variation did not increase @entity0 sensitivity. Indeed under variable conditions including time at the stressful 8  C condition, sensitivity was reduced. DEBkiss identified increased maintenance costs and increased assimilation as possible mechanisms for cold and higher @entity0 concentration effects. Model analysis of combined variable temperature effects, however, demonstrated no additional joint stressor response. Hence, concerns that exposure to temperature fluctuations may sensitise species to co-stressor effects seem unfounded in this case.

title: Variable Temperature Stress in the @entity1 XXXX (Maupas) and Its Implications for Sensitivity to an Additional Chemical Stressor.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mammographic breast density is a strong risk factor for @entity0 . @entity2 , which reduces the risk of @entity0 in @entity1 at high risk, also reduces mammographic breast density. However, it is not known if @entity2 -induced reductions in breast density can be used to identify @entity1 who will benefit the most from prophylactic treatment with this drug. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study within the first International @entity0 Intervention Study, a randomized prevention trial of @entity2 vs placebo. Mammographic breast density was assessed visually and expressed as a percentage of the total breast area in 5% increments. Case subjects were 123 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 at or after their first follow-up mammogram, which took place 12-18 months after trial entry, and control subjects were 942 @entity1 without @entity0 . Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for other risk factors. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: In the @entity2 arm, 46% of @entity1 had a 10% or greater reduction in breast density at their 12- to 18-month mammogram. Compared with all @entity1 in the placebo group, @entity1 in the @entity2 group who experienced a 10% or greater reduction in breast density had 63% reduction in @entity0 risk (odds ratio = 0.37, 95% confidence interval = 0.20 to 0.69, P = .002), whereas those who took @entity2 but experienced less than a 10% reduction in breast density had no risk reduction (odds ratio = 1.13, 95% confidence interval = 0.72 to 1.77, P = .60). In the placebo arm, there was no statistically significant difference in @entity0 risk between subjects who experienced less than a 10% reduction in mammographic density and subjects who experienced a greater reduction. CONCLUSION: The 12- to 18-month change in mammographic breast density is an excellent predictor of response to @entity2 in the preventive setting.

title: @entity2 -induced reduction in mammographic density and XXXX risk reduction: a nested case-control study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mammographic breast density is a strong risk factor for @entity0 . @entity2 , which reduces the risk of @entity0 in @entity1 at high risk, also reduces mammographic breast density. However, it is not known if @entity2 -induced reductions in breast density can be used to identify @entity1 who will benefit the most from prophylactic treatment with this drug. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study within the first International @entity0 Intervention Study, a randomized prevention trial of @entity2 vs placebo. Mammographic breast density was assessed visually and expressed as a percentage of the total breast area in 5% increments. Case subjects were 123 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity0 at or after their first follow-up mammogram, which took place 12-18 months after trial entry, and control subjects were 942 @entity1 without @entity0 . Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for other risk factors. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: In the @entity2 arm, 46% of @entity1 had a 10% or greater reduction in breast density at their 12- to 18-month mammogram. Compared with all @entity1 in the placebo group, @entity1 in the @entity2 group who experienced a 10% or greater reduction in breast density had 63% reduction in @entity0 risk (odds ratio = 0.37, 95% confidence interval = 0.20 to 0.69, P = .002), whereas those who took @entity2 but experienced less than a 10% reduction in breast density had no risk reduction (odds ratio = 1.13, 95% confidence interval = 0.72 to 1.77, P = .60). In the placebo arm, there was no statistically significant difference in @entity0 risk between subjects who experienced less than a 10% reduction in mammographic density and subjects who experienced a greater reduction. CONCLUSION: The 12- to 18-month change in mammographic breast density is an excellent predictor of response to @entity2 in the preventive setting.

title: XXXX -induced reduction in mammographic density and @entity0 risk reduction: a nested case-control study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To present the importance of stress echocardiography in diagnosis of low flow-low gradient @entity2 ( @entity2 ). MATERIAL AND METHOD: Two @entity0 were tested, one male @entity0 , aged 62, weight 72 kg, height 172 cm, and BSA 1.86 cm2, and the other one was female, aged 59, weight 83 kg, height 168 cm and BSA, were found to have at least moderate ASs with low flow and low gradients at rest. @entity1 stress test was performed using standard protocol starting at 2.5 mcg/kg/min at rest as continuous infusion and increasing every five minutes intervals with stepwise increase up to 20 mcg/kg/min. Monitoring with 12-lead ECG and blood pressure measurements at each step was performed. After completing the test, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed in male @entity0 increasing in transvalvular flow and gradients across aortic valve and ejection fraction (EF) measured by Simpson method increased from 33% at rest up to 40% following @entity1 administration. EOA (effective aortic valve area) from 0.8 cm2 at rest increased insignificantly to 0.85 cm, (0.425 m2) afterwards. CONCLUSION: Final diagnosis therefore was severe @entity2 with preserved contractile reserve. The @entity0 was scheduled for surgical valve replacement. In female @entity0 after DST, the area of aortic valve increased significantly from 0.75 cm2 up to 1.05 cm2, while all transvalvular gradients remained almost unchanged. Pseudo-Aortic Stenosis and surgical valve replacement had not been indicated at this time.

title: Stress echocardiography in differentiation of fixed vs. low flow-low gradient and pseudo severe XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are exceedingly rare @entity7 which often present in the form of intractable @entity4 within younger @entity0 . The current study extensively reviews all reported cases which were pathologically verified as @entity2 in the literature to analyze clinical attributes and surgical outcomes of this @entity1 . There were 88 @entity0 with @entity2 reported in the literature consisting mostly of pediatric cases. The sex distribution consisted of 45 males and 36 females with the remaining seven cases not documenting sex. The average age of initial diagnosis was 16years with almost half of all diagnosed @entity0 being within the first decade of life. In cases where extent of resection was reported, gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 54 @entity0 , subtotal resection (STR) in 16, and biopsy only in three. @entity6 were transient and only occurred in three @entity0 with no reports of @entity3 following surgery. Only five cases reported @entity1 recurrence on follow-up. Eight @entity0 had @entity5 recurrence post-operatively and GTR offered improved rates of @entity5 control when compared to STR (p=0.0005). Nearly half of the cases of @entity2 are diagnosed within the first decade of life and they usually manifest with intractable @entity5 . GTR appears to offer better @entity5 control in the post-operative period. Surgical resection is the mainstay therapy for @entity2 as post-operative complications and @entity1 recurrence remain uncommon. Since the number of reported cases is limited, future studies with longer follow-up periods will help elaborate more long-term outcomes.

title: Clinical attributes and surgical outcomes of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: This study elucidates the charge transport processes of @entity1 ( @entity2 ) composite membranes and correlates them to the @entity2 deposition site and the extent of @entity2 surface layering on the base microporous membranes. @entity2 was deposited either as a surface layer or inside the pores of cellulose @entity0 microporous membranes using various in situ chemical polymerization techniques. The extent of @entity2 layering at the surface of the base membrane and its oxidation and doping states were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). @entity2 deposition on the membranes showed a strong dependence on the polymerization technique and polymerization time within a single technique. In XPS, the deconvolution of C 1s and N 1s core-level spectra of the composite membranes was used to quantify the extent of @entity2 layering at the surface along with its oxidation and doping states. @entity2 incompletely covered the surface of the base microporous membranes for all the employed techniques. However, the extent of the layering increased with the polymerization time in a particular technique. The charge transport through the bulk membrane and charge transfer at the membrane/electrode interface were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The data were analyzed using the equivalent circuit modeling technique. The modeling parameters revealed that @entity2 deposition at the surface enhanced the interfacial charge transfer but the process depended on the extent of the surface coverage of the membrane. In addition, the charge transport in the bulk membrane depended on the @entity2 intercalation level, which varied depending on the polymerization technique employed. In addition, the EIS of electrolyte-soaked membranes was also conducted to evaluate the effects of @entity2 deposition site on charge transport in the presence of an electrolyte. @entity2 layering at the pore walls of the base membrane from diaphragmatic polymerization in a two-compartment cell showed that charge transport processes were strongly affected by the interaction of the electrolyte with the @entity2 layer at the pore surface. This study successfully showed the dependence of charge transport mechanisms of @entity2 composite membranes on the @entity2 deposition site and extent of surface layering at the membrane surface.

title: Surface and charge transport characterization of XXXX -cellulose @entity0 composite membranes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study elucidates the charge transport processes of @entity1 ( @entity2 ) composite membranes and correlates them to the @entity2 deposition site and the extent of @entity2 surface layering on the base microporous membranes. @entity2 was deposited either as a surface layer or inside the pores of cellulose @entity0 microporous membranes using various in situ chemical polymerization techniques. The extent of @entity2 layering at the surface of the base membrane and its oxidation and doping states were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). @entity2 deposition on the membranes showed a strong dependence on the polymerization technique and polymerization time within a single technique. In XPS, the deconvolution of C 1s and N 1s core-level spectra of the composite membranes was used to quantify the extent of @entity2 layering at the surface along with its oxidation and doping states. @entity2 incompletely covered the surface of the base microporous membranes for all the employed techniques. However, the extent of the layering increased with the polymerization time in a particular technique. The charge transport through the bulk membrane and charge transfer at the membrane/electrode interface were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The data were analyzed using the equivalent circuit modeling technique. The modeling parameters revealed that @entity2 deposition at the surface enhanced the interfacial charge transfer but the process depended on the extent of the surface coverage of the membrane. In addition, the charge transport in the bulk membrane depended on the @entity2 intercalation level, which varied depending on the polymerization technique employed. In addition, the EIS of electrolyte-soaked membranes was also conducted to evaluate the effects of @entity2 deposition site on charge transport in the presence of an electrolyte. @entity2 layering at the pore walls of the base membrane from diaphragmatic polymerization in a two-compartment cell showed that charge transport processes were strongly affected by the interaction of the electrolyte with the @entity2 layer at the pore surface. This study successfully showed the dependence of charge transport mechanisms of @entity2 composite membranes on the @entity2 deposition site and extent of surface layering at the membrane surface.

title: Surface and charge transport characterization of @entity1 -cellulose XXXX composite membranes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this review I discuss how @entity1 is an effective model to dissect the mechanisms underlying orofacial defects. This species has been particularly useful in studying the understudied structures of the developing face including the @entity2 and primary palate. The @entity2 is the first opening between the foregut and the environment and is critical for @entity3 development. The final step in @entity2 formation is the perforation of a thin layer of tissue covering the digestive tube called the buccopharyngeal membrane. When this tissue does not perforate in @entity0 it can pose serious health risks for the fetus and @entity0 . The primary palate forms just dorsal to the @entity2 and in non-amniotes it functions as the roof of the @entity3 . Defects in the primary palate result in a median oral cleft that appears similar across the vertebrates. In @entity0 , these median clefts are often severe and surgically difficult to repair. @entity1 has several qualities that make it advantageous for craniofacial research. The free living embryo has an easily accessible face and we have also developed several new tools to analyze the development of the region. Further, @entity1 is readily amenable to chemical screens allowing us to uncover novel gene-environment interactions during orofacial development, as well as to define underlying mechanisms governing such interactions. In conclusion, we are utilizing @entity1 in new and innovative ways to contribute to craniofacial research.

title: Using frogs faces to dissect the mechanisms underlying XXXX orofacial defects.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To develop and implement a pilot program designed as a shared medical group visit targeting @entity1 prevention in two ethnically diverse @entity0 populations. DATA SOURCES: The Cooperative Health Care Clinics (CHCC) module was utilized for group sessions to focus on interactive discussions following the L.E.A.R.N. format in order to encourage healthy lifestyle changes. @entity0 completed a pre- and postknowledge base test that encompassed information on healthy lifestyle changes in addition to disease processes associated with @entity1 . Each didactic session was evaluated using mean    standard deviation for the knowledge tests. Analysis of variance was used in determining body mass index (BMI) and weight measured at weeks 1, 5, and 10. @entity0 completed a 5-point Likert scale satisfaction survey on week 10. Independent means t-test compared clinic results along with the Satterthwaite approximate t-test because of unequal sample sizes to evaluate differences in means. CONCLUSIONS: There were no significant statistical differences in mean weight or BMI on weeks 1 and 5. However, on week 10, there was a statistically significant difference for waist circumference in both clinics (p= .0466). Knowledge base improved in both clinics with a premean (0 score = 87    18) and postmean (0 score = 93    14). Both sites received high scores for @entity0 satisfaction. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The shared medical group visits program implemented in both clinic sites demonstrated that this is an effective model in which to provide intensive @entity0 education, foster peer support, and facilitate health-related behavioral changes. Peer support, self-management, and continuity appear to be important factors in behavior change and improved knowledge.

title: Implementing an evidence-based XXXX prevention and treatment program utilizing group visits.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To investigate the indication, feasibility, safety, and clinical utility of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in the management of various gastrointestinal pathologies. METHODS: The medical records of 60 consecutive @entity0 (34 female, 26 male) who underwent ESD at the gastroenterology department of Kocaeli University from 2006-2010 were examined. @entity0 selected for ESD had @entity3 or non-invasive @entity1 of the gastrointestinal tract and had endoscopic and histological diagnoses. Early @entity1 were considered to be confined to the submucosa, with no lymph node involvement by means of computed tomography and endosonography. RESULTS: Sixty ESD procedures were performed. The indications were epithelial lesions (n = 39) (33/39 @entity8 with high grade @entity11 , 6/39 @entity8 with @entity4 ), @entity1 (n = 7), @entity1 (n = 7) (5/7 early @entity2 , 2/7 early @entity6 ), granular cell @entity1 (n = 3), @entity9 (n = 2), and @entity12 (n = 2). En bloc and piecemeal resection rates were 91.6% (55/60) and 8.3% (5/60), respectively. Complete and incomplete resection rates were 96.6% (58/60) and 3.3% (2/60), respectively. Complications were @entity7 [n = 3 (5%)] and perforations [n = 5 (8.3%)] (4 colon, 1 stomach). Two @entity0 with @entity10 and two @entity0 with submucosal lymphatic and microvasculature invasion (1 gastric @entity1 , 1 @entity10 ) were referred to surgery. During a mean follow-up of 12 mo, 1 @entity0 with @entity8 with high grade @entity11 underwent a second ESD procedure to resect a local recurrence. CONCLUSION: ESD is a feasible and safe method for treatment of @entity3 and early malignant @entity5 . Successful en bloc and complete resection of lesions yield high cure rates with low recurrence.

title: Endoscopic submucosal dissection for XXXX and noninvasive early gastrointestinal cancers.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: In spatial navigation, landmark recognition is crucial. Specifically, memory for objects placed at decision points on a route is relevant. Previous fMRI research in healthy adults showed higher medial-temporal lobe (MTL) activation for objects placed at decision points compared to non-decision points, even at an implicit level. Since there is evidence that implicit learning is intact in @entity2 @entity0 , the current study examined memory for objects relevant for navigation in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: 21 @entity1 @entity0 participated with MTL atrophy assessed on MRI (mean MMSE=21.2, SD=4.0), as well as 20 age- and education-matched non-demented controls. All @entity0 watched a 5-min video showing a route through a virtual museum with 20 objects placed at intersections (decision points) and 20 at simple turns (non-decision points). The instruction was to pay attention to the toys (half of the objects) for which they were supposedly tested later. Subsequently, a recognition test followed with the 40 previously presented objects among 40 distracter items (both toys and non-toys). Results showed a better performance for the non-toy objects placed at decision points than non-decision points, both for @entity1 @entity0 and controls. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings indicate that @entity1 @entity0 with MTL damage have implicit memory for object information relevant for navigation. No decision point effect was found for the attended items. Possibly, focusing attention on the items occurred at the cost of the context information in @entity1 , whereas the controls performed at an optimal level due to intact memory function.

title: Landmark recognition in XXXX : spared implicit memory for objects relevant for navigation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background: Perforated @entity3 with @entity1 has traditionally been treated with open colon resection and stoma formation with risk for reoperations, morbidity, and mortality. Laparoscopic lavage alone has been suggested as definitive treatment. Objective: To compare laparoscopic lavage with open colon resection and colostomy (Hartmann procedure) for @entity3 with @entity1 . Design: Randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label trial. (ISRCTN registry number: ISRCTN82208287). Setting: 9 hospitals in Sweden and Denmark. @entity0 : @entity0 who have confirmed Hinchey grade III @entity3 with @entity1 at diagnostic laparoscopy. Intervention: Randomization between laparoscopic lavage and the Hartmann procedure. Measurements: Primary outcome was the percentage of @entity0 having 1 or more reoperations within 12 months. Key secondary outcomes were number of reoperations, hospital readmissions, total length of hospital stay during 12 months, and adverse events. Results: A total of 43 and 40 @entity0 were randomly assigned to laparoscopic lavage and the Hartmann procedure with a median (first, third quartiles) follow-up of 372 days (336, 394) and 378 days (226, 396), respectively. Fewer @entity0 in the laparoscopic group (12 of 43; 27.9%) than in the Hartmann group (25 of 40; 62.5%) had at least 1 reoperation within 12 months (relative risk reduction, 59%; relative risk, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.72]; P  = 0.004). Mortality and severe adverse events did not differ between groups. Total length of hospital stay (days) within 12 months was shorter for the laparoscopic group than the Hartmann group, with a reduction of 35% (relative risk, 0.65 [CI, 0.45 to 0.94]; P  = 0.047). After 12 months, 3 @entity0 in the laparoscopic group and 11 in the Hartmann group had a stoma. Limitation: Not all @entity0 presenting with suspected @entity3 were enrolled. Conclusion: Laparoscopic lavage reduced the need for reoperations, had a similar safety profile to the Hartmann procedure, and may be an appropriate treatment of choice for acute @entity3 with @entity1 . Primary Funding Source: @entity2 ; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg.

title: Laparoscopic Lavage for @entity3 With XXXX : A Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background: Perforated @entity3 with @entity1 has traditionally been treated with open colon resection and stoma formation with risk for reoperations, morbidity, and mortality. Laparoscopic lavage alone has been suggested as definitive treatment. Objective: To compare laparoscopic lavage with open colon resection and colostomy (Hartmann procedure) for @entity3 with @entity1 . Design: Randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label trial. (ISRCTN registry number: ISRCTN82208287). Setting: 9 hospitals in Sweden and Denmark. @entity0 : @entity0 who have confirmed Hinchey grade III @entity3 with @entity1 at diagnostic laparoscopy. Intervention: Randomization between laparoscopic lavage and the Hartmann procedure. Measurements: Primary outcome was the percentage of @entity0 having 1 or more reoperations within 12 months. Key secondary outcomes were number of reoperations, hospital readmissions, total length of hospital stay during 12 months, and adverse events. Results: A total of 43 and 40 @entity0 were randomly assigned to laparoscopic lavage and the Hartmann procedure with a median (first, third quartiles) follow-up of 372 days (336, 394) and 378 days (226, 396), respectively. Fewer @entity0 in the laparoscopic group (12 of 43; 27.9%) than in the Hartmann group (25 of 40; 62.5%) had at least 1 reoperation within 12 months (relative risk reduction, 59%; relative risk, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.72]; P  = 0.004). Mortality and severe adverse events did not differ between groups. Total length of hospital stay (days) within 12 months was shorter for the laparoscopic group than the Hartmann group, with a reduction of 35% (relative risk, 0.65 [CI, 0.45 to 0.94]; P  = 0.047). After 12 months, 3 @entity0 in the laparoscopic group and 11 in the Hartmann group had a stoma. Limitation: Not all @entity0 presenting with suspected @entity3 were enrolled. Conclusion: Laparoscopic lavage reduced the need for reoperations, had a similar safety profile to the Hartmann procedure, and may be an appropriate treatment of choice for acute @entity3 with @entity1 . Primary Funding Source: @entity2 ; Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg.

title: Laparoscopic Lavage for XXXX With @entity1 : A Randomized Trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Durability of bioprosthetic valves in the pulmonary position is not well defined. We examined the durability of bioprosthetic valves in the pulmonary position and risk factors associated with bioprosthetic @entity1 . METHODS: Between 1993 and 2004, 181 @entity0 underwent @entity1 using bioprostheses. @entity0 who underwent valved conduit or homograft implantation were excluded. Mean age was 14.2    9.8 years and median valve size was 23 mm (range, 19-27 mm). Types of bioprosthesis used were Hancock II (n  =  83), Perimount (n  =  53), Freestyle (n  =  23), Carpentier-Edwards porcine valve (n  =  18), and others (n  =  4). RESULTS: There were 3 early and 7 late deaths. Follow-up completeness was 88.6% and mean follow-up duration was 7.3    2.9 years. Forty-three @entity0 underwent redo @entity1 . Overall freedom from redo @entity1 at 5 and 10 years was 93.9%    1.9% and 51.7%    8.6%, respectively. Overall freedom from both @entity2 at 5 and 10 years was 92.2%    2.1% and 20.2%    6.7%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, younger age at operation, diagnosis of @entity3 with @entity4 , and use of stentless valve were identified as risk factors for redo @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Durability of bioprosthetic valves in the pulmonary position was suboptimal. Valve function was maintained stable until 5 years after operation. By 10 years, however, about 80% will require reoperation or manifest @entity2 . In our experience, the stentless valve was less durable than stented valves.

title: Durability of bioprosthetic valves in the pulmonary position: long-term follow-up of 181 implants in XXXX with congenital heart disease.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To clarify the features of @entity3 associated with 2009 pandemic flu. We identified 51 @entity0 with @entity3 with seasonal flu from the data base accumulated by Tokai Pediatric Neurology Society. We also collected 10 @entity0 with @entity3 with 2009 pandemic flu. The clinical course, laboratory data, neuroimaging findings, treatment, and the outcome of these @entity0 were recruited using a structured research form. These data were compared between the two groups. The age was larger in the 2009 pandemic flu group (median, 109.5months) than in the seasonal flu group (median, 44months). There was no significant difference in other demographic data, @entity1 , laboratory and neuroimaging findings, and treatment. Various degrees of @entity1 including death were observed in 32% of the @entity0 in the seasonal flu group, and in 50% in the 2009 pandemic flu groups. The analyses of @entity0 with ages of 6years or older revealed that moderate or more severe sequelae were more frequent in @entity0 with 2009 pandemic flu. Acute @entity2 with 2009 pandemic flu occurred mainly among @entity0 with 6years of age or older, and the outcome was worse in this age group compared with @entity3 with seasonal flu.

title: Acute XXXX with 2009 pandemic flu: comparison with seasonal flu.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of @entity4 and mortality in decompensated @entity3 . INTRODUCTION: Introduction: @entity0 with decompensated @entity3 have a high mortality rate, especially those @entity0 with @entity4 . However, this clinical presentation is uncommon, and its management is controversial. METHODS: We studied a cohort of 452 @entity0 hospitalized with decompensated @entity3 with an ejection fraction of <0.45. @entity0 underwent clinical-hemodynamic assessment and @entity5 immunoenzymatic assay. @entity4 was defined according to L and C clinical-hemodynamic profiles. Multivariate analyses assessed clinical outcomes. P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean age was 60.1 years; 245 (54.2%) @entity0 were >60 years, and 64.6% were @entity0 . @entity4 was present in 281 (63%) @entity0 on admission. @entity5 was the cause of @entity3 in 92 (20.4%) @entity0 who had higher B type natriuretic peptide levels (1,978.38 vs. 1,697.64 pg/mL; P = 0.015). Predictors of @entity4 were @entity5 (RR: 3.655, P<0.001), lower ejection fraction (RR: 2.414, P<0.001), @entity6 (RR: 1.618, P = 0.036), and @entity1 (RR: 1.916, P = 0.007). Elderly @entity0 were inversely associated with @entity4 (RR: 0.436, P = 0.001). Predictors of mortality were @entity5 (RR: 2.286, P<0.001), @entity2 etiology (RR: 1.449, P = 0.035), and @entity4 (RR: 1.419, P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS: In severe decompensated @entity3 , predictors of @entity4 are @entity5 , lower ejection fraction, @entity6 , and @entity1 . Additionally, @entity5 @entity0 have higher B type natriuretic peptide levels and a worse prognosis independent of lower ejection fraction.

title: Predictors of @entity4 in decompensated severe XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of @entity4 and mortality in decompensated @entity3 . INTRODUCTION: Introduction: @entity0 with decompensated @entity3 have a high mortality rate, especially those @entity0 with @entity4 . However, this clinical presentation is uncommon, and its management is controversial. METHODS: We studied a cohort of 452 @entity0 hospitalized with decompensated @entity3 with an ejection fraction of <0.45. @entity0 underwent clinical-hemodynamic assessment and @entity5 immunoenzymatic assay. @entity4 was defined according to L and C clinical-hemodynamic profiles. Multivariate analyses assessed clinical outcomes. P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean age was 60.1 years; 245 (54.2%) @entity0 were >60 years, and 64.6% were @entity0 . @entity4 was present in 281 (63%) @entity0 on admission. @entity5 was the cause of @entity3 in 92 (20.4%) @entity0 who had higher B type natriuretic peptide levels (1,978.38 vs. 1,697.64 pg/mL; P = 0.015). Predictors of @entity4 were @entity5 (RR: 3.655, P<0.001), lower ejection fraction (RR: 2.414, P<0.001), @entity6 (RR: 1.618, P = 0.036), and @entity1 (RR: 1.916, P = 0.007). Elderly @entity0 were inversely associated with @entity4 (RR: 0.436, P = 0.001). Predictors of mortality were @entity5 (RR: 2.286, P<0.001), @entity2 etiology (RR: 1.449, P = 0.035), and @entity4 (RR: 1.419, P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS: In severe decompensated @entity3 , predictors of @entity4 are @entity5 , lower ejection fraction, @entity6 , and @entity1 . Additionally, @entity5 @entity0 have higher B type natriuretic peptide levels and a worse prognosis independent of lower ejection fraction.

title: Predictors of XXXX in decompensated severe @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mRNA level of the endonuclease domain-containing 1 gene (Jf_ENDOD1) in @entity2 @entity2 kidney was significantly increased after injection of @entity0 -killed bacteria cells (FKC) in the previous microarray study. ENDOD1 is a member of the DNA/RNA non-specific nucleases family, and its role in fish immunity has not been reported. The open reading frame of Jf_ENDOD1 cDNA was 912  bp, encoding 303 @entity3 . The first 27 @entity3 were predicted to be a signal peptide and the mature Jf_ENDOD1 was calculated as 32  kDa. The @entity4 sequence of Jf_ENDOD1 showed 76% identity to that of @entity6 @entity6 . Transcripts of Jf_ENDOD1 were marginally detected in all sampled tissues from healthy fish, while they were significantly detected in brain, kidney, spleen and intestine at 6  h post FKC injection. Jf_ENDOD1 recombinant protein produced in @entity1 showed @entity5 activity. Furthermore, to evaluate the @entity5 activities in  vivo, total proteins from @entity2 kidney and spleen were extracted at 12, 24 and 72  h post Edwardsiellatarda FKC injection. The @entity5 activity of extracted protein was higher in treated fish than in untreated fish. Since the mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated after the FKC treatment, Jf_ENDOD1 might be responsible for the activities.

title: Identification of endonuclease domain-containing 1 gene in XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The mRNA level of the endonuclease domain-containing 1 gene (Jf_ENDOD1) in @entity2 @entity2 kidney was significantly increased after injection of @entity0 -killed bacteria cells (FKC) in the previous microarray study. ENDOD1 is a member of the DNA/RNA non-specific nucleases family, and its role in fish immunity has not been reported. The open reading frame of Jf_ENDOD1 cDNA was 912  bp, encoding 303 @entity3 . The first 27 @entity3 were predicted to be a signal peptide and the mature Jf_ENDOD1 was calculated as 32  kDa. The @entity4 sequence of Jf_ENDOD1 showed 76% identity to that of @entity6 @entity6 . Transcripts of Jf_ENDOD1 were marginally detected in all sampled tissues from healthy fish, while they were significantly detected in brain, kidney, spleen and intestine at 6  h post FKC injection. Jf_ENDOD1 recombinant protein produced in @entity1 showed @entity5 activity. Furthermore, to evaluate the @entity5 activities in  vivo, total proteins from @entity2 kidney and spleen were extracted at 12, 24 and 72  h post Edwardsiellatarda FKC injection. The @entity5 activity of extracted protein was higher in treated fish than in untreated fish. Since the mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated after the FKC treatment, Jf_ENDOD1 might be responsible for the activities.

title: Identification of endonuclease domain-containing 1 gene in @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated the relationship between @entity4 PET parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values obtained by diffusion weighted MRI (DWI) in @entity1 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). In addition, the prognostic utility of PET/MR mammography parameters was compared with that of known histologic prognostic factors. METHODS: Forty-six @entity1 aged 50.7    10.5 years underwent a preoperative PET/MR mammography assessment using an integrated PET/MR scanner. T1w, T2w, DWI [b value = 50, 400, and 800 s/mm2], dynamic contrast enhancement sequences, and @entity4 PET imaging were performed. IDCs were assessed using SUVmax values and intratumoral heterogeneities (IH) from the @entity4 PET images and mean (ADCmean) and minimum ADC (ADCmin) values were measured using the DWI images. Relationships between the PET parameters and ADC values were evaluated. Furthermore, SUVmax and ADC values were compared with histologic factors, @entity3 size, nodal status, @entity2 , Ki-67 expression and @entity0 ( @entity0 ). RESULTS: In total 46 IDCs (2.1-7.5 cm in size) were analyzed. SUVmax (p = 0.012) and elevated IH (p = 0.041) were negatively correlated with ADCmin, then @entity0 (p = 0.013) and high Ki-67 expression (p = 0.002) were associated with higher SUVmax. @entity5 with @entity2 had low ADCmin values (p = 0.045). CONCLUSION: @entity4 PET metabolic parameters and ADCmin were negatively correlated. PET parameters and ADC values might reflect the expression of biological features of @entity3 and @entity3 invasiveness, respectively. Integrated PET/MR mammography seemed like to have potential of a one-stop method for evaluating and predicting the prognosis of @entity5 .

title: Integrated PET/MR mammography for quantitative analysis and correlation to prognostic factors of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the role of thermosensitive liposome-encapsulated @entity5 (Thermo-Vin) in combined radiofrequency (RF) ablation of @entity3 . Materials and Methods Approval from the institutional animal care and use committee was obtained before this study. First, the anticancer efficacy of Thermo-Vin was assessed in vitro (H22 cells) for 72 hours at 37  C or 42  C. Next, 203 H22 liver @entity4 were implanted in 191 @entity1 for in vivo study. @entity0 were randomized into seven groups: (a) no treatment, (b) treatment with RF ablation alone, (c) treatment with RF ablation followed by free @entity5 (Free-Vin) at 30 minutes, (d) treatment with RF ablation followed by empty liposomes (Empty-Lip+RF), (e) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (5 mg/kg), (f) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (10 mg/kg), and (g) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (20 mg/kg). @entity0 destruction areas and pathologic changes were compared for different groups at 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare end-point survival ( @entity0 < 30 mm in diameter). Additionally, the effect of initial @entity0 size on long-term outcome was analyzed. Results In vitro, both Free-Vin and Thermo-Vin dramatically inhibited H22 cell viability at 24 hours. Likewise, in vivo, 10 mg/kg Thermo-Vin+RF ablation increased @entity0 destruction compared with RF ablation (P = .001). Intratumoral @entity5 accumulation with Thermo-Vin+RF increased 15-fold compared with Free-Vin alone. Thermo-Vin substantially increased apoptosis at the coagulation margin and suppressed cellular proliferation in the @entity2 (P < .001). The Thermo-Vin+RF study arm also had better survival than the arm treated with RF ablation alone (mean, 37.6 days    20.1 vs 23.4 days    5.0; P = .001), the arm treated with Free-Vin+RF (23.3 days    1.2, P = .002), or the arm treated with Empty-Lip+RF (20.8 days    0.4, P < .001) in animals with medium-sized (10-12-mm) @entity0 . No significant difference in end-point survival was noted in the treatment arms with large or small @entity0 . Conclusion Thermo-Vin can effectively increase @entity0 destruction and improve animal survival. End-point survival is most affected in animals with medium-sized @entity0 , suggesting that combination therapy should be tailored to @entity0 size and the expected volume of ablation of the device used. (  ) RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Does Thermosensitive Liposomal XXXX Improve End-Point Survival after Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of @entity3 in a @entity1 Model?

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the role of thermosensitive liposome-encapsulated @entity5 (Thermo-Vin) in combined radiofrequency (RF) ablation of @entity3 . Materials and Methods Approval from the institutional animal care and use committee was obtained before this study. First, the anticancer efficacy of Thermo-Vin was assessed in vitro (H22 cells) for 72 hours at 37  C or 42  C. Next, 203 H22 liver @entity4 were implanted in 191 @entity1 for in vivo study. @entity0 were randomized into seven groups: (a) no treatment, (b) treatment with RF ablation alone, (c) treatment with RF ablation followed by free @entity5 (Free-Vin) at 30 minutes, (d) treatment with RF ablation followed by empty liposomes (Empty-Lip+RF), (e) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (5 mg/kg), (f) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (10 mg/kg), and (g) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (20 mg/kg). @entity0 destruction areas and pathologic changes were compared for different groups at 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare end-point survival ( @entity0 < 30 mm in diameter). Additionally, the effect of initial @entity0 size on long-term outcome was analyzed. Results In vitro, both Free-Vin and Thermo-Vin dramatically inhibited H22 cell viability at 24 hours. Likewise, in vivo, 10 mg/kg Thermo-Vin+RF ablation increased @entity0 destruction compared with RF ablation (P = .001). Intratumoral @entity5 accumulation with Thermo-Vin+RF increased 15-fold compared with Free-Vin alone. Thermo-Vin substantially increased apoptosis at the coagulation margin and suppressed cellular proliferation in the @entity2 (P < .001). The Thermo-Vin+RF study arm also had better survival than the arm treated with RF ablation alone (mean, 37.6 days    20.1 vs 23.4 days    5.0; P = .001), the arm treated with Free-Vin+RF (23.3 days    1.2, P = .002), or the arm treated with Empty-Lip+RF (20.8 days    0.4, P < .001) in animals with medium-sized (10-12-mm) @entity0 . No significant difference in end-point survival was noted in the treatment arms with large or small @entity0 . Conclusion Thermo-Vin can effectively increase @entity0 destruction and improve animal survival. End-point survival is most affected in animals with medium-sized @entity0 , suggesting that combination therapy should be tailored to @entity0 size and the expected volume of ablation of the device used. (  ) RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Does Thermosensitive Liposomal @entity5 Improve End-Point Survival after Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of XXXX in a @entity1 Model?

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the role of thermosensitive liposome-encapsulated @entity5 (Thermo-Vin) in combined radiofrequency (RF) ablation of @entity3 . Materials and Methods Approval from the institutional animal care and use committee was obtained before this study. First, the anticancer efficacy of Thermo-Vin was assessed in vitro (H22 cells) for 72 hours at 37  C or 42  C. Next, 203 H22 liver @entity4 were implanted in 191 @entity1 for in vivo study. @entity0 were randomized into seven groups: (a) no treatment, (b) treatment with RF ablation alone, (c) treatment with RF ablation followed by free @entity5 (Free-Vin) at 30 minutes, (d) treatment with RF ablation followed by empty liposomes (Empty-Lip+RF), (e) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (5 mg/kg), (f) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (10 mg/kg), and (g) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (20 mg/kg). @entity0 destruction areas and pathologic changes were compared for different groups at 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare end-point survival ( @entity0 < 30 mm in diameter). Additionally, the effect of initial @entity0 size on long-term outcome was analyzed. Results In vitro, both Free-Vin and Thermo-Vin dramatically inhibited H22 cell viability at 24 hours. Likewise, in vivo, 10 mg/kg Thermo-Vin+RF ablation increased @entity0 destruction compared with RF ablation (P = .001). Intratumoral @entity5 accumulation with Thermo-Vin+RF increased 15-fold compared with Free-Vin alone. Thermo-Vin substantially increased apoptosis at the coagulation margin and suppressed cellular proliferation in the @entity2 (P < .001). The Thermo-Vin+RF study arm also had better survival than the arm treated with RF ablation alone (mean, 37.6 days    20.1 vs 23.4 days    5.0; P = .001), the arm treated with Free-Vin+RF (23.3 days    1.2, P = .002), or the arm treated with Empty-Lip+RF (20.8 days    0.4, P < .001) in animals with medium-sized (10-12-mm) @entity0 . No significant difference in end-point survival was noted in the treatment arms with large or small @entity0 . Conclusion Thermo-Vin can effectively increase @entity0 destruction and improve animal survival. End-point survival is most affected in animals with medium-sized @entity0 , suggesting that combination therapy should be tailored to @entity0 size and the expected volume of ablation of the device used. (  ) RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

title: Does Thermosensitive Liposomal @entity5 Improve End-Point Survival after Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of @entity3 in a XXXX Model?

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine changes over time in self and caregiver ratings of quality of life (QoL) in @entity0 with @entity4 (PwD) and to identify factors associated with changes in QoL ratings. METHODS: In this longitudinal study, 69 @entity0 with mild @entity3 and their caregivers were assessed at baseline and after 1 year. We examined the association of QoL ratings with the following variables at the two time points: awareness of disease, @entity1 , mood, functionality, @entity2 , and caregiver burden. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to examine the contribution of co-factors. RESULTS: At baseline, PwD self-ratings of QoL were associated with caregiver ratings of PwD QoL (p = 0.001). Caregiver ratings were associated with PwD mood (p = 0.001) and self-rated QoL (p = 0.001). After 1 year, caregiver ratings of PwD QoL changed significantly (p = 0.049, d = -0.27), whereas PwD self-ratings did not (p = 0.89, d = 0.09). PwD awareness of disease changed significantly (p = 0.001) at 1 year, having declined in 25.4% and improved in 12.3% of @entity0 . PwD QoL self-ratings were associated with caregiver ratings (p = 0.001). Caregiver ratings of PwD QoL after 1 year were associated with PwD mood (p = 0.029), self-reported QoL (p = 0.001), and awareness of disease (p = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS: The association between self and caregiver ratings of PwD QoL was maintained over 1 year. The primary factors accounting for the change in caregiver ratings were PwD mood and awareness of disease. QoL and @entity1 seem to be relatively independent in mild @entity4 .

title: Quality of life in mild XXXX : patterns of change in self and caregiver ratings over time.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute @entity3 (AVB) is a medical emergency and associated with a mortality of 20% at 6  weeks. Significant advances have occurred in the recent past and hence there is a need to update the existing consensus guidelines. There is also a need to include the literature from the Eastern and Asian countries where majority of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) live. METHODS: The expert working party, predominantly from the Asia-Pacific region, reviewed the existing literature and deliberated to develop consensus guidelines. The working party adopted the Oxford system for developing an evidence-based approach. Only those statements that were unanimously approved by the experts were accepted. RESULTS: AVB is defined as a bleed in a known or suspected case of @entity2 , with the presence of @entity5 within 24  h of presentation, and/or ongoing melena, with last melanic stool within last 24  h. The time frame for the AVB episode is 48  h. AVB is further classified as active or inactive at the time of endoscopy. Combination therapy with vasoactive drugs (<30  min of hospitalization) and endoscopic variceal ligation (door to scope time <6  h) is accepted as first-line therapy. Rebleeding (48  h of T (0)) is further sub-classified as very early rebleeding (48 to 120  h from T (0)), early rebleeding (6 to 42  days from T (0)) and late rebleeding (after 42  days from T (0)) to maintain uniformity in clinical trials. Emphasis should be to evaluate the role of adjusted blood requirement index (ABRI), assessment of associated comorbid conditions and poor predictors of non-response to combination therapy, and proposed APASL (Asian Pacific Association for Study of the Liver) Severity Score in assessing these @entity0 . Role of hepatic venous pressure gradient in AVB is considered useful. Antibiotic ( @entity4 ) prophylaxis is recommended and search for acute @entity1 should be done. New guidelines have been developed for management of variceal bleed in @entity0 with non-cirrhotic @entity2 in pediatric @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Management of acute @entity3 in Asia-Pacific region needs special attention for uniformity of treatment and future clinical trials.

title: Diagnosis and management of acute XXXX : Asian Pacific Association for Study of the Liver recommendations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 and @entity4 share similarity in histopathologic findings and clinically occur in association with each other occasionally. @entity5 should always be ruled out before the diagnosis of @entity4 . But, the diagnosis is often complicated, especially in extrapulmonary cases. Here we present a case of bilateral @entity6 with @entity8 . @entity10 was initially diagnosed based on the characteristic ocular findings, negative results on chest radiography, @entity5 culture, and polymerase chain reaction of aqueous, as well as simultaneous presence of panda and lambda sign on @entity11 -67 scans. The ocular condition improved after pars plana vitrectomy and systemic @entity2 therapy. However, @entity9 lymphadenopathy but no recurrent @entity1 was found 6  years later. The patient received anti- @entity9 treatment for 6  months thereafter. The eyes remained silent except @entity3 progression and @entity7 under two medications during this period. In conclusion, @entity9 could occur coincidently or in association with @entity4 , continued follow-up is important for @entity0 with @entity10 .

title: XXXX and @entity5 : coincidence or real association.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity5 and @entity4 share similarity in histopathologic findings and clinically occur in association with each other occasionally. @entity5 should always be ruled out before the diagnosis of @entity4 . But, the diagnosis is often complicated, especially in extrapulmonary cases. Here we present a case of bilateral @entity6 with @entity8 . @entity10 was initially diagnosed based on the characteristic ocular findings, negative results on chest radiography, @entity5 culture, and polymerase chain reaction of aqueous, as well as simultaneous presence of panda and lambda sign on @entity11 -67 scans. The ocular condition improved after pars plana vitrectomy and systemic @entity2 therapy. However, @entity9 lymphadenopathy but no recurrent @entity1 was found 6  years later. The patient received anti- @entity9 treatment for 6  months thereafter. The eyes remained silent except @entity3 progression and @entity7 under two medications during this period. In conclusion, @entity9 could occur coincidently or in association with @entity4 , continued follow-up is important for @entity0 with @entity10 .

title: @entity10 and XXXX : coincidence or real association.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the hypo- and @entity5 outcomes associated with implementing the @entity9 ( @entity9 ) guideline for a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of less than 8% in frail older adults with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). DESIGN: Guideline implementation. SETTING: Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly. @entity0 : All @entity0 in the before (October 2002-December 2004, n=338), early (January 2005-June 2006, n=289) and late (July 2006-December 2008, n=385) periods of guideline implementation with a diagnosis of @entity1 and at least one HbA1c measurement. INTERVENTION: Clinician education in 2005 with annual monitoring of the proportion of each clinician's @entity0 with @entity1 with HbA1c less than 8%. MEASUREMENTS: @entity7 (blood @entity3 <50 mg/dL), @entity8 (blood @entity3 >400 mg/dL), and severe @entity7 ( @entity2 ( @entity2 ) visit for @entity7 ). RESULTS: @entity0 in the before, early, and late periods were similar in age, race and ethnicity, comorbidities, and functional @entity4 . Antihyperglycemic medication use was greater in the late period, with more @entity0 using @entity6 (28% before, 42% late, P<.001) and insulin (23% before, 34% late, P<.001) and achieving the @entity9 glycemic target of HbA1c of less than 8% (74% before, 84% late, P<.001). Episodes of @entity8 (per 100 @entity0 -years) were dramatically lower in the late period (159 before, 46 late, P<.001), and episodes of @entity7 were similar (10.1 before, 9.3 late, P=.50). There were more episodes of severe @entity7 in the early period (1.1 before, 2.9 early, P=.03). CONCLUSION: Implementing the @entity9 glycemic control guideline for frail older adults led to fewer @entity5 episodes but more severe hypoglycemic episodes requiring @entity2 visits in the early implementation period. Future glycemic control guideline implementation efforts should be coupled with close monitoring for severe @entity7 in the early guideline implementation period.

title: The risks and benefits of implementing glycemic control guidelines in frail older adults with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We estimated the differences in intensity, cost, radiation exposure and @entity1 control of published surveillance guidelines screening for @entity2 in @entity0 treated with partial nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a Monte Carlo simulation model to contrast the existing guidelines in terms of cost, radiation exposure and @entity1 control. Model inputs were extrapolated from the existing literature. Surveillance guidelines were analyzed from the AUA, CUA, EAU and @entity4  . Risk stratification among @entity0 treated with partial nephrectomy was based on @entity1 characteristics. RESULTS: Expected costs during the 5 years after partial nephrectomy were  587 (CUA),  1,076 (AUA),  1,705 (EAU) and  1,768 (NCCN) for low risk @entity0 , and  903 (CUA),  2,525 (EAU) and  3,904 (AUA and NCCN) for high risk @entity0 . Radiation exposure ranged from 31.41 @entity3 (CUA) to 104.34 @entity3 (NCCN) for low risk @entity0 and 46.88 @entity3 (CUA) to 231.61 @entity3 (AUA and NCCN) for high risk @entity0 . The EAU and CUA guidelines led to the diagnosis of the highest percentage of low risk @entity0 (more than 95%) while all guidelines diagnosed more than 92% of high risk @entity0 with recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 surveillance guidelines differ greatly in terms of intensity, cost and radiation exposure. It is important for clinicians to adopt standardized surveillance strategies that limit unnecessary cost and radiation exposure without compromising @entity1 control.

title: XXXX Surveillance Guidelines: Competing Trade-Offs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inhibition of the @entity0 cardiac @entity2 channel ( @entity3 ) can prolong the QRS complex and has been associated with increased mortality in @entity0 with underlying @entity1 . The safety implications of blocking @entity3 channels suggest the need to test for this activity early in drug discovery in order to design out any potential liability. However, interpretation of @entity3 blocking potency requires knowledge of how @entity3 block translates into prolongation of the QRS complex. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: We tested Class I anti-arrhythmics, other known QRS prolonging drugs and drugs not reported to prolong the QRS complex. Their block of @entity3 channels (as IC(50) values) was measured in an automated electrophysiology-based assay. These IC(50) values were compared with published reports of the corresponding unbound (free) plasma concentrations attained during clinical use (fC(max)) to provide an IC(50) : fC(max) ratio. KEY RESULTS For 42 Class I anti-arrhythmics and other QRS prolonging drugs, 67% had IC(50) : fC(max) ratios <30. For 55 non-QRS prolonging drugs tested, 72% had ratios >100. Finally, we determined the relationship between the IC(50) value and the free drug concentration associated with prolongation of the QRS complex in @entity0 . For 37 drugs, QRS complex prolongation was observed at free plasma concentrations that were about 15-fold lower than the corresponding IC(50) at @entity3 channels. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: A margin of 30- to 100-fold between @entity3 IC(50) and fC(max) appears to confer an acceptable degree of safety from QRS prolongation. QRS prolongation occurs on average at free plasma levels 15-fold below the IC(50) at @entity3 channels. LINKED ARTICLE: This article is commented on by Gintant et al., pp. 254-259 of this issue. To view this commentary visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01433.x.

title: On the relationship between block of the cardiac XXXX    channel and drug-induced prolongation of the QRS complex.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: A questionnaire survey was conducted in Japan to investigate the causes and prevalence of death related to @entity7 . METHODS: A questionnaire was delivered to 246 hospitals at which physicians were treating childhood @entity4 to gain information about the total number of @entity0 with @entity7 and their prevalence of @entity3 . KEY FINDINGS: Responses to the survey were collected from 91 hospitals, and a total of 63 of 623 @entity0 with @entity7 died. Data from 59 of these @entity0 were analyzed. The @entity0 ' ages at death ranged from 13 months to 24 years and 11 months, with a median age of 6 years and 8 months. The analysis showed that the risk of mortality remained high up to approximately 12 years of age. The causes of mortality included @entity6 in 31 @entity0 (53%), @entity1 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in 21 @entity0 (36%), drowning in 6 @entity0 (10%), and acute hepatopathy in one @entity0 (1%). The incidence of @entity6 reached a first peak at 1-3 years of age and reached a second peak at 18 years and older. In contrast, the incidence of @entity1 with @entity2 reached a sharp peak at 6 years of age. Seven of 10 @entity0 who underwent an @entity8 mutation analysis exhibited positive mutations without a specific mutation site. SIGNIFICANCE: In the present study, the prevalence of @entity7 -related mortality was 10.1%. The incidence of @entity6 and @entity1 with @entity2 was the highest in infancy (1-3 years) and at early school ages (with a peak at 6 years), respectively. After approximately 12 years of age, the risk of mortality declined sharply. Neither the treatment nor the number of @entity5 was associated with any cause of mortality. In addition, it is difficult to predict which factors lead to a fatal outcome.

title: Retrospective multiinstitutional study of the prevalence of XXXX in @entity7 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: A questionnaire survey was conducted in Japan to investigate the causes and prevalence of death related to @entity7 . METHODS: A questionnaire was delivered to 246 hospitals at which physicians were treating childhood @entity4 to gain information about the total number of @entity0 with @entity7 and their prevalence of @entity3 . KEY FINDINGS: Responses to the survey were collected from 91 hospitals, and a total of 63 of 623 @entity0 with @entity7 died. Data from 59 of these @entity0 were analyzed. The @entity0 ' ages at death ranged from 13 months to 24 years and 11 months, with a median age of 6 years and 8 months. The analysis showed that the risk of mortality remained high up to approximately 12 years of age. The causes of mortality included @entity6 in 31 @entity0 (53%), @entity1 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in 21 @entity0 (36%), drowning in 6 @entity0 (10%), and acute hepatopathy in one @entity0 (1%). The incidence of @entity6 reached a first peak at 1-3 years of age and reached a second peak at 18 years and older. In contrast, the incidence of @entity1 with @entity2 reached a sharp peak at 6 years of age. Seven of 10 @entity0 who underwent an @entity8 mutation analysis exhibited positive mutations without a specific mutation site. SIGNIFICANCE: In the present study, the prevalence of @entity7 -related mortality was 10.1%. The incidence of @entity6 and @entity1 with @entity2 was the highest in infancy (1-3 years) and at early school ages (with a peak at 6 years), respectively. After approximately 12 years of age, the risk of mortality declined sharply. Neither the treatment nor the number of @entity5 was associated with any cause of mortality. In addition, it is difficult to predict which factors lead to a fatal outcome.

title: Retrospective multiinstitutional study of the prevalence of @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the different types and sequences of manoeuvres to overcome @entity1 and the rates of associated @entity2 . DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: A university hospital. POPULATION: Pregnancies complicated with @entity1 from 1995 to 2009. METHODS: Cases were identified from the hospital electronic delivery records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The success rate between McRoberts' manoeuvre, rotational methods and posterior arm delivery, and the incidences of @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity0 ( @entity0 ) and @entity0 ( @entity0 ) according to the types and sequences of manoeuvres applied to overcome @entity1 . RESULTS: Among 205 cases identified, McRoberts' manoeuvre was successful initially in 25% of cases, of which 7.8% suffered from @entity3 and 3.9% suffered from @entity0 , but none had @entity0 . In the failed cases, subsequent rotational methods and posterior arm delivery were similarly successful (72.0 versus 63.6%), whereas the former was associated with less @entity3 (4.4 versus 21.4%) and @entity0 (1.1 versus 7.1%) despite similar risk of @entity0 (5.6 versus 7.1%). The rotational methods were not associated with a higher @entity2 risk compared with McRoberts' manoeuvre. The remaining cases were managed by applying the third yet untried manoeuvre, and posterior arm delivery and rotational methods had similar success (77.1 versus 62.5%). The cumulative success rates after the second and the third manoeuvres were 79.0 and 94.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Following the failure of McRoberts' manoeuvre, subsequent application of rotational methods and posterior arm delivery have similarly high success rates but the former may be associated with @entity2 .

title: Comparison of perinatal outcomes of XXXX alleviated by different type and sequence of manoeuvres: a retrospective review.

answer: @entity1