abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Central nervous system and @entity6 following the administration of local anesthetics is a recognized complication of regional anesthesia. @entity5 , the pure S(-) enantiomer of @entity4 , was developed to improve the cardiac safety profile of @entity4 . We describe 2 cases of grand @entity3 following accidental intravascular injection of @entity5 . CASE REPORT: Two @entity0 presenting for elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb underwent blockade of the lumbar plexus via the posterior approach. Immediately after the administration of @entity5 0.5% with @entity8 2.5 microgram/mL, the @entity0 developed grand @entity3 , despite negative aspiration for blood and no clinical signs of intravenous @entity8 administration. The @entity3 were successfully treated with @entity7 thiopental in addition to @entity9 in 1 @entity0 . Neither @entity0 developed signs of @entity1 . Both @entity0 were treated preoperatively with beta-adrenergic antagonist medications, which may have masked the cardiovascular signs of the unintentional intravascular administration of @entity5 with @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity5 may have a safer @entity6 profile than racemic @entity4 , if adequate amounts of @entity5 reach the circulation, it will result in @entity3 . Plasma concentrations sufficient to result in @entity2 did not produce manifestations of @entity6 in these 2 @entity0 .

title: XXXX following the administration of @entity5 for lumbar plexus block: A report of two cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Central nervous system and @entity6 following the administration of local anesthetics is a recognized complication of regional anesthesia. @entity5 , the pure S(-) enantiomer of @entity4 , was developed to improve the cardiac safety profile of @entity4 . We describe 2 cases of grand @entity3 following accidental intravascular injection of @entity5 . CASE REPORT: Two @entity0 presenting for elective orthopedic surgery of the lower limb underwent blockade of the lumbar plexus via the posterior approach. Immediately after the administration of @entity5 0.5% with @entity8 2.5 microgram/mL, the @entity0 developed grand @entity3 , despite negative aspiration for blood and no clinical signs of intravenous @entity8 administration. The @entity3 were successfully treated with @entity7 thiopental in addition to @entity9 in 1 @entity0 . Neither @entity0 developed signs of @entity1 . Both @entity0 were treated preoperatively with beta-adrenergic antagonist medications, which may have masked the cardiovascular signs of the unintentional intravascular administration of @entity5 with @entity8 . CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity5 may have a safer @entity6 profile than racemic @entity4 , if adequate amounts of @entity5 reach the circulation, it will result in @entity3 . Plasma concentrations sufficient to result in @entity2 did not produce manifestations of @entity6 in these 2 @entity0 .

title: @entity2 following the administration of XXXX for lumbar plexus block: A report of two cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Although precordial murmurs occur frequently during pregnancy, their origin is rarely known. To investigate the nature of these murmurs, 2-dimensional (2-D) and pulsed Doppler echocardiography was performed in 81 asymptomatic pregnant @entity0 who had new systolic precordial murmurs. End-systolic right atrial dimensions, early diastolic tricuspid anular diameters, and end-diastolic right ventricular diameters were measured from the apical 4-chamber view and compared with measurements from 26 young nonpregnant @entity0 without known @entity1 . @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was detected by pulsed Doppler echocardiography in 35 of 81 pregnant @entity0 . Thirty-two pregnant @entity0 had normal 2-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic findings. Other @entity3 were detected in 14 pregnant @entity0 . The right-sided intracardiac diameters were larger in all groups of pregnant @entity0 than in non-pregnant control subjects (p less than 0.001). The tricuspid anular diameter was larger in the pregnant @entity0 with @entity2 than in pregnant @entity0 with normal pulsed Doppler echocardiographic findings (24 +/- 2 vs 22 +/- 3 mm, p less than 0.015). No @entity0 had clinical difficulty associated with a murmur. Functional @entity2 , therefore, often occurs in pregnancy and appears to be a result of dilation of the tricuspid anulus. @entity2 may contribute to the development of murmurs in pregnant @entity0 .

title: XXXX during pregnancy: two-dimensional and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic observations.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We conducted a telephone survey in Houston in March 1983 to assess the level of @entity1 use among @entity0 during the @entity2 season. We completed interviews of 200 households with 346 @entity0 aged 12 years or younger. Fifty-two percent of the 346 @entity0 experienced at least one acute illness in the preceding three months. Fever was measured with a thermometer in 114 ill @entity0 , 103 of whom had at least one measured temperature of 37.7 degrees C or greater. Fourteen percent of these 103 @entity0 received @entity1 only, 61% received @entity3 only, and 20% received both. Among a subgroup of 44 @entity0 with temperatures of at least 39.4 degrees C, 11% received @entity1 only, 59% received @entity3 only, and 27% received both. Only 60% of the 200 parents interviewed had heard of @entity4 . Forty-two percent knew of the association between @entity4 and @entity1 use. The survey suggests that @entity3 has replaced @entity1 as the major antipyretic used by @entity0 in Houston. If the decline in @entity1 use in Houston is representative of the population in the United States, and if @entity1 is causally related to @entity4 , the incidence of @entity4 may decline.

title: Antipyretic use among @entity0 during the 1983 XXXX season.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We conducted a telephone survey in Houston in March 1983 to assess the level of @entity1 use among @entity0 during the @entity2 season. We completed interviews of 200 households with 346 @entity0 aged 12 years or younger. Fifty-two percent of the 346 @entity0 experienced at least one acute illness in the preceding three months. Fever was measured with a thermometer in 114 ill @entity0 , 103 of whom had at least one measured temperature of 37.7 degrees C or greater. Fourteen percent of these 103 @entity0 received @entity1 only, 61% received @entity3 only, and 20% received both. Among a subgroup of 44 @entity0 with temperatures of at least 39.4 degrees C, 11% received @entity1 only, 59% received @entity3 only, and 27% received both. Only 60% of the 200 parents interviewed had heard of @entity4 . Forty-two percent knew of the association between @entity4 and @entity1 use. The survey suggests that @entity3 has replaced @entity1 as the major antipyretic used by @entity0 in Houston. If the decline in @entity1 use in Houston is representative of the population in the United States, and if @entity1 is causally related to @entity4 , the incidence of @entity4 may decline.

title: Antipyretic use among XXXX during the 1983 @entity2 season.

answer: @entity0


abstract: It is becoming increasingly evident that platelets play a significant role in the inflammatory process. Heterogeneity has been demonstrated among platelets, and evidence has been presented that the spleen retains the youngest and hemostatically most effective platelets. The present study was designed to determine what effect splenectomy, by removing a special population of platelets, would have on acute @entity2 as manifested by carrageenan-induced @entity1 foot pad @entity0 . Swiss white @entity1 (25 +/- 2 g) were anesthetized and subjected to splenectomy (Group A, n = 13) or to celiotomy only (Group B, n = 15). One week later, carrageenan (0.1 cc of 1% solution) was injected into the right hind foot pad of each animal. The @entity1 were killed 3.5 hr later, and both hind paws amputated at the tibio-tarsal joint and weighed individually. The change in weight of the experimental hind paw relative to control was expressed as @entity0 index for each animal. The inflammatory reaction, as manifested by carrageenan @entity0 , was significantly (P less than 0.001) decreased in those animals subjected to splenectomy. The mean @entity0 index in Group A was 62.8 per cent compared to 80.9 per cent in Group B. The results of this study indicate that @entity2 as manifested by carrageenan-induced @entity0 . Splenectomy eliminates a population of platelets having greater functional capabilities than those found in the peripheral circulation and impairs the organism's ability to respond to injury.

title: Effect of splenectomy on acute XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity10 are @entity4 -containing glycosides found in the Brassica vegetables. Their breakdown products include @entity7 , which are produced following exposure to the endogenous plant enzyme myrosinase. Isothiocyanates are pungent, biologically active compounds that suppress @entity2 in vivo, and induce apoptosis in vitro. We have shown previously that oral administration of the isolated glucosinolate @entity11 induces apoptosis, and suppresses aberrant crypt foci in the colonic mucosa of @entity1 treated previously with @entity6 ( @entity9 ). In this study we explored the effects of both raw and thermally processed Brussels sprout tissue on the modulation of crypt cell apoptosis and @entity5 , and the frequency of aberrant crypt foci in the colon. Freeze-dried raw and microwave-cooked Brussels sprouts contained high levels of intact glucosinolates, but they were absent from freshly prepared sprout juice. Oral administration of uncooked Brussels sprouts, whether as a juice, or as a freeze-dried powder, was associated with significantly enhanced levels of apoptosis and reduced @entity5 in the colonic crypts. However, this effect was confined to @entity1 previously injected (48 h) with @entity9 , in which levels of apoptosis and @entity5 following DNA damage were already high. There was no effect of treatment in control animals. There was also little evidence of these effects when intact glucosinolates were administered in blanched sprout tissue, which lacked active myrosinase. We conclude that @entity8 breakdown products derived from Brassica vegetables can exert a profound effect on the balance of colorectal cell proliferation and @entity3 in an animal model of @entity0 .

title: Effects of Brassica vegetable juice on the induction of apoptosis and aberrant crypt foci in XXXX colonic mucosal crypts in vivo.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Cigarette smoking has been inconsistently associated with @entity2 risk. To evaluate the hypothesis that smoking is primarily linked to a specific @entity2 subgroup(s), we assessed associations between smoking and the occurrence of mutations in the @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity3 genes, @entity3 overexpression, and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in a Dutch population-based case-control study on sporadic @entity2 . The study population consisted of 176 cases and 249 controls. Smoking status (never, ever), number of cigarettes smoked per day (never, <15, > or =15), total years of smoking (never, < or =30, >30), and years since first started smoking (never, < or =35, >35) were all evaluated. Cigarette smoking status was significantly differently related to @entity3 overexpression-positive ( @entity3 (pos)) @entity0 compared with @entity3 overexpression-negative ( @entity3 (neg)) @entity0 ( @entity3 (pos) versus @entity3 (neg), OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9), as well as to @entity0 with transversion mutations in @entity5 , @entity4 or @entity3 (transv(+)) compared with @entity0 without transversion mutations in one of these genes (transv(-)) (transv(+) versus transv(-), OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.0-5.9). Positive associations were observed with @entity3 (neg) @entity0 and transv(+) @entity0 when compared with the population-based controls (ever versus transv(-), OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.9-2.8 and OR 2.2, 95% CI 0.9-5.6, respectively), inverse associations with @entity3 (pos) @entity0 and transv(-) @entity0 (ever versus never, OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-1.0 and OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.5-1.3, respectively). Similar patterns of association were observed for the other smoking variables evaluated. In addition, although statistically non-significant, smoking was more notably positively associated with @entity0 that exhibit @entity4 mutations, especially @entity4 transversion mutations, than with @entity0 without @entity4 mutations. An inverse relationship between smoking and the occurrence of @entity5 mutations was suggested, whereas no clear associations were observed with @entity1 . Our data suggest that smoking-related @entity2 develop through a @entity3 (neg) pathway and that smoking particularly results in @entity2 with transversion mutations.

title: Cigarette smoking and genetic alterations in sporadic XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of early behavioral and psychological factors on later outcomes in young adults with childhood- or adolescent-onset type 1 @entity1 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of @entity0 recruited from the register of the young adult outpatient @entity1 clinic, Oxford, U.K. A total of 113 individuals (51 male subjects) aged 17-25 years completed assessments, and 87 (77%) were reinterviewed as older adults (aged 28-37 years). Longitudinal assessments were made of glycemic control (HbA(1c)) and complications. Psychological state at baseline was assessed using the Present State Examination and self-report Symptom Checklist, with corresponding interview schedules administered at follow-up. RESULTS: There was no significant improvement between baseline and follow-up in mean HbA(1c) levels (8.5 vs. 8.6% in @entity0 , 9.3 vs. 8.7% in @entity0 ). The proportion of individuals with serious complications (preproliferative or laser-treated @entity5 , @entity4 or more severe @entity2 , @entity6 , and @entity7 ) increased from 3-37% during the 11-year period. @entity0 were more likely than @entity0 to have multiple complications (23 vs. 6%, difference 17%, 95% CI 4-29%, P = 0.02). @entity3 increased from 16 to 28% (20% in @entity0 , 36% in @entity0 at follow-up, difference NS), and 8% had @entity3 at both assessments. Baseline @entity3 symptom scores predicted follow-up scores (beta = 0.32, SE [beta] 0.12, P = 0.008, 95% CI 0.09-0.56) and recurrent admissions with @entity1 (odds ratio 9.1, 95% CI 2.9-28.6, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical and @entity3 outcome in this cohort was poor. Psychiatric symptoms in later adolescence and young adulthood appeared to predict later @entity3 problems.

title: Poor prognosis of young adults with type 1 XXXX : a longitudinal study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of adjuvant interferon alfa after complete resection of locally extensive @entity6 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 283 eligible @entity0 with pT3-4a and/or node-positive disease were randomly assigned after radical nephrectomy and lymphadenectomy to observation or to interferon alfa-NL (Wellferon, Burroughs-Wellcome, Research Park, NC) given daily for 5 days every 3 weeks for up to 12 cycles. @entity0 were stratified on the basis of pathologic stage. @entity0 remained on treatment until documented recurrence, excessive @entity2 , or @entity0 /physician preference deemed removal appropriate. RESULTS: At median follow-up of 10.4 years, median survival was 7.4 years in the observation arm and 5.1 year in the treatment arm (log-rank P =.09). Median recurrence-free survival was 3.0 years in the observation arm and 2.2 years in the interferon arm (P =.33). Performance status (P =.003), nodal status (N2 v N0, P <.0001), and @entity1 stage (P =.0002) were significant prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. A proportional hazards model examining the effects of treatment arm and time to recurrence on survival after recurrence among @entity0 who recurred found that random assignment to interferon treatment (P =.009) and shorter time to recurrence (P <.0001) were independent predictors of shorter survival after recurrence. Although no lethal @entity2 were observed, severe (grade 4) @entity2 including @entity7 , @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity3 , and other @entity2 occurred in 11.4% of those randomly assigned to interferon treatment. CONCLUSION: Adjuvant treatment with interferon did not contribute to survival or relapse-free survival in this group of @entity0 .

title: Phase III study of interferon alfa-NL as adjuvant treatment for resectable XXXX : an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group/Intergroup trial.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Acute ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery in the @entity1 had little immediate effect on heat clearance but immediately lowered heat production, which fell to its minimum level in 1/2 hr, after which it began to recover; recovery was complete in 6 hr. After 1/2 hr heat clearance also began to fall and reached a minimum level in 1 1/2 hr. Ligation increased @entity0 extraction but reduced @entity0 consumption markedly though temporarily. Complete recovery followed. After 3 months, there was full recovery in flow, @entity0 extraction ratio, and @entity0 consumption mVO2. In morphological studies using Microfil injections soon after ligation, capillaries failed to fill retrogradely, though network vessels were perfused. After 1 hr of acute artery ligation, capillaries still did not perfuse but by 3 hr there was some reperfusion. After 6 hr there was marked capillary reperfusion. In @entity1 kept for 3 months after ligation the microcirculation was normal. These studies confirm that immediate @entity3 occurred in capillaries (probably critical closure) which accounts for the immediate fall in venous outflow, heat production, and mVO2. Flow continued in network vessels which traversed the ischemic zone without perfusing capillaries. These results are contrasted with the findings of some other workers who found a continued functional decline leading to @entity2 . The present results were accounted for by closure and reopening to capillaries.

title: Functional and morphological changes in the microcirculation of the XXXX following acute coronary artery ligation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We undertook this study to determine whether popliteal artery @entity5 diameter correlates with initial symptoms and presence of associated @entity3 . METHODS: Duplex arteriography before infrainguinal revascularization in 500 lower extremities enabled diagnosis of 34 popliteal @entity5 in 25 @entity0 (24 male, 1 female) over the last 4 years. Fourteen @entity0 (41%) had no symptoms (group 1) and 20 (59%) had symptoms (group 2) of severe @entity6 (n = 8), acute @entity1 (n = 6), @entity2 (n = 2), and tissue loss (n = 4). We compared clinical presentation with popliteal artery diameter, prevalence of @entity7 , and presence of associated @entity3 . RESULTS: @entity4 diameter averaged 2.8 +/- 0.7 cm (range, 1.8-4.5 cm) in group 1 and 2.2 +/- 0.8 cm (range, 1.3-4.0 cm) in group 2 (P <.03). @entity7 was present in 7 of 20 limbs in group 2. Four of these @entity0 also had @entity7 . Evaluation of the infrapopliteal arteries in group 1 showed three-vessel runoff in 7 limbs, two-vessel runoff in 3 limbs, one-vessel runoff in 2 limbs, and no vessel runoff in 2 limbs. However, all infrapopliteal arteries were either occluded or significantly stenotic in 14 limbs (70%). In group 2, one-vessel runoff was observed in 5 limbs, and two-vessel runoff in 1 limb. CONCLUSIONS: Smaller popliteal artery @entity5 was associated with higher incidence of @entity7 , clinical symptoms, and @entity3 . Liberal use of duplex scanning in this setting may have accounted for the increased awareness that small popliteal artery @entity5 can @entity7 and present with severe @entity1 .

title: Small popliteal artery XXXX : are they clinically significant?

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to define total long-term outcome achievable with invasive treatment, ie, endovascular or surgical, in @entity0 with @entity4 with @entity2 . Priority in primary treatment was given to percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. METHODS: Data were analyzed for 233 consecutive @entity0 with @entity4 in whom primary infrainguinal revascularization was performed in 304 limbs between 1989 and 1992. @entity0 were followed-up to May 2001 (mean, 81 months). Treatment included primary endovascular therapy when applicable (n = 272 limbs) or primary surgical treatment (n = 32; 10.5%). Type of further revascularization, if required, was selected on an individual basis for each @entity0 . All procedures performed because of limb @entity1 were recorded. Clinical outcome at the end of follow-up was compared with the preoperative condition. Cumulative primary, secondary, and total patency rates and development of chronic critical @entity1 (CCI) were defined. Total patency reflects the ultimate achievable benefit of invasive treatment and refers to patency maintained at the primarily treated segment by means of any invasive (endovascular or surgical) therapy, including potential crossover to another treatment group. RESULTS: A mean of 2 (median, 1) operations per limb were performed during follow-up. No additional operations were needed in 50.3% (n = 153) of limbs. Fontaine classification at the end of the study was better compared with the preoperative value (P <.0005). Crossover between endovascular and surgical treatment was recorded in 21.1% (n = 64) of limbs. At 5 years, primary, secondary, and total patency rates (plus or minus standard error of estimate [SEE]) were 27% +/- 3%, 45% +/- 3%, and 61% +/- 3%, respectively, and at 10 years these rates were 16% +/- 3%, 27% +/- 3%, and 41% +/- 3%. CCI developed in 37 limbs (12.2%), of which 15 (41%) had been treated with endovascular methods only. @entity5 and @entity3 were statistically significant predictors of increased risk for CCI. CONCLUSION: Combining endovascular and surgical methods when necessary improved total outcome of invasive @entity4 . Crossover between endovascular and surgical treatment was required in 21% of limbs over the long term.

title: Infrainguinal revascularization because of XXXX : total long-term outcome of endovascular and surgical treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab for the treatment of nonproliferative macular @entity4 (MacTel) type 2. DESIGN: Prospective, open-label, uncontrolled, nonrandomized interventional clinical trial. METHODS: One eye (disease stage 2 or 3) of each @entity0 (n = 10) with nonproliferative MacTel type 2 was injected with 0.5 mg ranibizumab at monthly intervals for one year. Visual acuity, angiographic findings, and retinal thickness were assessed at each visit. The primary endpoint was the change in best-corrected distance visual acuity after one year compared to baseline. RESULTS: Mean visual acuity showed a transient @entity3 . However, after 12 months of treatment there was no significant change of visual acuity compared to baseline or compared to the fellow eye. Fluorescein angiography revealed a decrease of telangiectatic-appearing capillaries and of late-phase leakage, which was accompanied by a topographically related significant reduction in macular thickness. Three to 5 months after the last treatment, angiographic appearance and retinal thickness were similar to baseline. In one @entity0 , the last intravitreal injection was not performed because of safety concerns after a transitory @entity2 attack. Otherwise, no serious adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The angiographic and tomographic effects after intravitreal inhibition of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) using ranibizumab implicate a pathophysiological role of the @entity1 pathway in nonproliferative MacTel type 2. As the morphologic response was not associated with a clear functional benefit, and because of the transient nature of the treatment effect, monthly intravitreal ranibizumab is not recommended for the nonproliferative disease stage of MacTel type 2.

title: Monthly ranibizumab for nonproliferative macular XXXX type 2: a 12-month prospective study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is a continuing need to examine the @entity1 impact of natural disasters for the development of an understanding of the determinants of morbid outcomes. The study of culturally distinct groups provides evidence as to the robustness of psychopathology emerging in the context of traumatic exposures. METHOD: In this study, 1294 @entity0 were examined at 5 months after the 1988 Yun Nan earthquake in order to explore the @entity1 impact of this disaster. They were assessed with a number of instruments, including the General Health Questionnaire (28-item version), the Life Event Inventory, and the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder section of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Three groups were examined according to their distance from the epicenter of the quake. Their responses were compared with an additional sample of 908 @entity0 from a general population living 520 kilometers away from the epicenter. RESULTS: GHQ 'caseness' in the three disaster groups, from those closest to those more distant from the epicenter, were 60.4, 48.2 and 44.0%. These rates were significantly higher than the non-exposed control group (36.2). Among the three disaster groups, taking those who achieved GHQ 'caseness' criteria, the @entity2 prevalence was 23, 13 and 16%, respectively. For the overall population experiencing the earthquake (the combined disaster group), a conservative estimate of disaster-related @entity2 prevalence was 8.9%. CONCLUSION: The varied rate of morbidity (both general and @entity2 -specific) could be attributed to the relative impact of the earthquake as represented by epicenter proximity and as measured by the rate of property damage and loss in the three earthquake-affected areas.

title: Prevalence of XXXX following the 1988 Yun Nan (China) earthquake--the first 5-month period.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Based on a large number of males with @entity3 , the usefulness of discriminant analysis for prediction of @entity2 has been investigated. Two groups were formed: 227 @entity0 with @entity2 ; 145 @entity0 without @entity2 Applying the discriminant analysis, 9 variables were selected step by step; 6 out of them were measurably contributing to the discrimination of both groups. As relevant turned out diameter of the right descending pulmonary artery, FVC% predicted, FEV1% FVC, pa2, systolic blood pressure, and RV% TLC. In a procedure of reclassification, based upon the calculated discriminant functions, 82,6% of the cases were correctly classified (sensitivity 80,6%, specificity 86,2%). A pocket calculator programme following the method by L  uter gave identical results. The application of the discriminant function to a new group of 147 unselected @entity0 with @entity3 corroborated the foregoing results. 79,1% of all @entity0 with overt or latent pulmonary hyper-tension were detected. For overt @entity1 the sensitivity was 88,4%, for latent @entity1 62,5%. Using this method, decision-making regarding heart catheterism can be improved. It must be stressed, however, that this discriminant function is not valid for @entity0 and for other diagnosis groups in males.

title: [Prediction of XXXX from simple, noninvasive parameters using discriminant analysis].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity3 is a widespread zoonosis, caused by @entity4 . The definitive hosts are carnivores and the intermediate hosts are grazing animals. Because @entity0 are often accidentally infected with the cystic stage of the parasite, a control program is being developed for Western China. Western Sichuan Province in China is a highly endemic area. In this study, we built an agent-based model (ABM) to simulate and assess possible control strategies. These included @entity1 dosing, control of livestock slaughter, health education, vaccination of intermediate hosts, vaccination of definitive hosts, slow-released @entity2 injections for @entity1 , removing unproductive old livestock, @entity1 population reduction. These strategies were examined singly and in various combinations. The results show that vaccination based control strategies and also combined control strategies ( @entity1 dosing, slaughter control, removing old livestock, @entity1 population reduction) can achieve a higher efficiency and be more feasible. Although monthly @entity1 dosing achieved the highest efficiency, it required a high frequency and reliability, which were not feasible or sustainable. The model also indicated that transmission would recover soon after the chosen control strategy was stopped, indicating the need to move from a successful attack phase to a sustainable consolidation phase.

title: An agent-based model for control strategies of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Currently, little is known about @entity3 in the period following on the first year after burn. We examined the prevalence of DSM-IV @entity1 in burn @entity0 1-4 years after burn, using a standardized structured clinical interview and comparing findings with a representative general population sample. METHODS: Ninety @entity0 admitted to five burn centres were assessed with the 12-month Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results were compared to an age and gender matched nation based norm group. RESULTS: Twelve-month prevalence for any @entity1 was 39%. Prevalence for any after @entity1 was 28%. Most prevailing were @entity5 (10%), @entity4 (10%), and @entity6 (7%). The comorbidity-proportions for @entity6 and @entity4 where the highest. Fifty-seven percent of all @entity1 started within 1 year after the @entity2 and 21% within the next year. Burn @entity0 had significantly higher prevalence rates for DSM-IV disorders than @entity0 from the general population sample. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric morbidity among burn @entity0 , 1-4 years after burn, is considerable and higher than what may be expected in the general population. A 2-year follow-up for @entity4 and @entity5 is warranted.

title: Prevalence and co-morbidity of XXXX 1-4 years after burn.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Using a radioenzymatic assay, placental @entity4 oxidase (MAO) activity was measured at term after delivery in normal and high-risk pregnancies where decreases in placental blood flow previously were shown. MAO activity in placentas of healthy controls after spontaneous labor was similar to that after elective cesarean section not in labor (mean +/- SE, 133 +/- 18 versus 100 +/- 15 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively). Compared to controls, there was a significant reduction in placental MAO activity in high-risk pregnancies (chronic @entity2 , @entity8 , and @entity1 ), 71 +/- 14, 69 +/- 22, and 69 +/- 7, respectively (P less than 0.05). These differences also were maintained when data were expressed per total placental weight. Effects of antihypertensive drugs on MAO activity in healthy placental tissue were assessed. In homogenates, both @entity6 and @entity5 reduced enzyme activity, while in explants this was not observed. The effects of certain metabolites (which are elevated in plasma of @entity1 @entity0 ) on healthy homogenates also were studied. Only butyrate reduced enzyme activity. In conclusion, placental MAO activity in vitro is low in term high-risk pregnancies. This may reduce local metabolic inactivation of @entity7 and @entity3 and consequently lead to a decrease in blood flow. Such a direct relationship must be confirmed in further studies.

title: XXXX oxidase activity in the term @entity0 placenta.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Using a radioenzymatic assay, placental @entity4 oxidase (MAO) activity was measured at term after delivery in normal and high-risk pregnancies where decreases in placental blood flow previously were shown. MAO activity in placentas of healthy controls after spontaneous labor was similar to that after elective cesarean section not in labor (mean +/- SE, 133 +/- 18 versus 100 +/- 15 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively). Compared to controls, there was a significant reduction in placental MAO activity in high-risk pregnancies (chronic @entity2 , @entity8 , and @entity1 ), 71 +/- 14, 69 +/- 22, and 69 +/- 7, respectively (P less than 0.05). These differences also were maintained when data were expressed per total placental weight. Effects of antihypertensive drugs on MAO activity in healthy placental tissue were assessed. In homogenates, both @entity6 and @entity5 reduced enzyme activity, while in explants this was not observed. The effects of certain metabolites (which are elevated in plasma of @entity1 @entity0 ) on healthy homogenates also were studied. Only butyrate reduced enzyme activity. In conclusion, placental MAO activity in vitro is low in term high-risk pregnancies. This may reduce local metabolic inactivation of @entity7 and @entity3 and consequently lead to a decrease in blood flow. Such a direct relationship must be confirmed in further studies.

title: @entity4 oxidase activity in the term XXXX placenta.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Many life history stages of animals that experience environmental insults enter developmental arrested states that are characterized by reduced cellular proliferation, with or without a concurrent reduction in overall metabolism. In the case of the most profound @entity5 reported in invertebrates, i.e., anaerobic quiescence in @entity9 embryos, acidification of the intracellular milieu is a major factor governing catabolic and anabolic downregulation. Release of ions from intracellular compartments is the source for approximately 50% of the proton equivalents needed for the 1.5 unit acidification that is observed. Recovery from the @entity5 requires re-sequestration of the protons with a vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase). The remarkable facet of this mechanism is the ability of embryonic cells to survive the dissipation of intracellular ion gradients. Across many diapause-like states, the metabolic reduction and subsequent matching of energy demand is accomplished by shifting energy metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. Molecular pathways that are activated to induce these resilient hypometabolic states include stimulation of the @entity4 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) and insulin signaling via suite of daf (dauer formation) genes for diapause-like states in @entity6 and insects. Contributing factors for other metabolically @entity2 states involve @entity3 -inducible factor-1 and downregulation of the @entity7 dehydrogenase complex. Metabolic similarities between natural states of @entity8 and some @entity1 phenotypes are noteworthy. Reduction of flux through oxidative phosphorylation helps prevent cell death in certain @entity1 types, similar to the way it increases viability of dauer stages in @entity6 . Mechanisms that underlie natural @entity8 are being used to pre-condition @entity0 cells prior to cell biostabilization and storage.

title: Metabolic restructuring during energy-limited states: insights from XXXX embryos and other animals.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Organogenesis throughout childhood affects almost every aspect of pediatric pharmacotherapy. The @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are particularly impacted since most elimination rates are diminished for the first 6 months of infancy, but quickly attain and supersede adult values. When @entity0 enter a @entity5 stage, large doses of @entity4 may be necessary to maintain effective serum concentrations. Medication noncompliance is frequently confused as @entity5 , since both present with low serum drug concentrations. Amazingly, noncompliance among @entity0 with @entity1 approaches a similar incidence to that reported in the adult population. It is obviously important to include this in the differential diagnosis of the etiology of subtherapeutic serum AED concentrations. Maturational differences also affect gastrointestinal drug absorption. Intestinal transit time and absorptive surface area are both diminished in young @entity0 . Drug delivery systems suitable in adults may not deliver the total dosage in @entity0 . Differences in the composition of body compartments and protein binding can alter the volume of drug distribution and, consequently, serum concentrations. In addition to pathophysiologic changes, there is evidence to suggest differences between a mature and immature brain. These differences include quantitative and qualitative responses to neurotransmitters. Hence, it is understandable why @entity3 semiology is different in @entity0 compared with adults. This constellation of factors contributes to the challenges of caring for @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Pharmacokinetic considerations in the treatment of childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Uremic toxin removal based on diffusion and/or convection allows eliminating solutes with negative metabolic impact. Uremic solutes can be classified as small and water-soluble compounds, larger "middle" molecules, or protein bound solutes. The question arises whether more removal of each of these solute classes affects @entity0 survival. Kt/V of @entity5 is currently used as a surrogate for small water-soluble solute removal. There is ample evidence that Kt/V and survival are correlated, but the threshold Kt/V remains a matter of debate. Probably, the actually proposed threshold of 1.2 is too low. This impact of Kt/V is in contradiction with the low @entity3 of @entity5 and points to a role for other water-soluble solutes, e.g., @entity4 . More removal of middle molecules results in a lower morbidity and also in a lower mortality. In addition, a relationship has been demonstrated between the use of membranes with large pore size and a decrease of inflammatory status, by itself an important factor related to mortality. One of the problems is that large pore membranes are at the same time more biocompatible and reflect more dialysate impurities, compared to many small pore membranes, whereas they also reflect more dialysate impurities. It remains uncertain which one of these factors, if any, has a predominant effect. Recent studies point to a separate effect of pore size but await confirmation. Protein bound toxins inhibit several biochemical functions. Their removal pattern is totally different from that of classical markers such as @entity5 . In analogy with drugs, it is essentially the free unbound fraction that exerts biological action; this free fraction is inversely related to serum albumin, another inflammatory marker related to survival. In a final section of this presentation, attention will be drawn to the relationship in @entity6 @entity0 between @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity2 , and mortality, and some of the potential culprits are discussed. Virtually all of these molecules have a high molecular weight or are protein bound. It is concluded that both small and middle molecule removal have an impact on survival, so that more than @entity5 removal alone should be pursued.

title: Survival of hemodialysis @entity0 and XXXX toxin removal.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Uremic toxin removal based on diffusion and/or convection allows eliminating solutes with negative metabolic impact. Uremic solutes can be classified as small and water-soluble compounds, larger "middle" molecules, or protein bound solutes. The question arises whether more removal of each of these solute classes affects @entity0 survival. Kt/V of @entity5 is currently used as a surrogate for small water-soluble solute removal. There is ample evidence that Kt/V and survival are correlated, but the threshold Kt/V remains a matter of debate. Probably, the actually proposed threshold of 1.2 is too low. This impact of Kt/V is in contradiction with the low @entity3 of @entity5 and points to a role for other water-soluble solutes, e.g., @entity4 . More removal of middle molecules results in a lower morbidity and also in a lower mortality. In addition, a relationship has been demonstrated between the use of membranes with large pore size and a decrease of inflammatory status, by itself an important factor related to mortality. One of the problems is that large pore membranes are at the same time more biocompatible and reflect more dialysate impurities, compared to many small pore membranes, whereas they also reflect more dialysate impurities. It remains uncertain which one of these factors, if any, has a predominant effect. Recent studies point to a separate effect of pore size but await confirmation. Protein bound toxins inhibit several biochemical functions. Their removal pattern is totally different from that of classical markers such as @entity5 . In analogy with drugs, it is essentially the free unbound fraction that exerts biological action; this free fraction is inversely related to serum albumin, another inflammatory marker related to survival. In a final section of this presentation, attention will be drawn to the relationship in @entity6 @entity0 between @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity2 , and mortality, and some of the potential culprits are discussed. Virtually all of these molecules have a high molecular weight or are protein bound. It is concluded that both small and middle molecule removal have an impact on survival, so that more than @entity5 removal alone should be pursued.

title: Survival of hemodialysis XXXX and @entity6 toxin removal.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Regarding the mechanisms of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, several hypotheses have been put forward, among which oxidative stress (including depletion of @entity8 ) is likely. This investigation elucidates the role of free radicals in @entity5 -induced @entity2 and the protection by @entity10 . @entity1 albino @entity1 were injected with @entity5 intraperitoneally. Following a single dose of @entity5 (20 mg/kg), either saline ( @entity5 group) or @entity10 (10 mg/kg, @entity5 + Mel group) was administered for 5 days. In other @entity1 , physiologic saline (control group) or @entity10 (10 mg/kg, Mel group) was injected for 5 days, following a single injection of saline. On the sixth day, @entity1 were killed to obtain blood, liver, and kidney tissue samples. @entity3 ( @entity7 ), an end product of lipid peroxidation, and @entity8 ( @entity9 ), a key antioxidant, levels were evaluated in blood and tissue homogenates. Reactive @entity0 metabolite-induced inflammatory changes in kidney and liver tissues were evaluated by measuring @entity6 ( @entity6 ) activity, an index of neutrophil infiltration. @entity5 administration resulted in increased @entity7 levels and @entity6 activity and decreased @entity9 levels in the blood, liver, and kidney whereas @entity10 reversed these effects. When @entity10 was administered alone, no significant changes in biochemical parameters were noted. In conclusion, the present study suggests that @entity10 may be of therapeutic benefit when used with @entity5 .

title: @entity10 prevents XXXX -induced hepatorenal oxidative injury in @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Regarding the mechanisms of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, several hypotheses have been put forward, among which oxidative stress (including depletion of @entity8 ) is likely. This investigation elucidates the role of free radicals in @entity5 -induced @entity2 and the protection by @entity10 . @entity1 albino @entity1 were injected with @entity5 intraperitoneally. Following a single dose of @entity5 (20 mg/kg), either saline ( @entity5 group) or @entity10 (10 mg/kg, @entity5 + Mel group) was administered for 5 days. In other @entity1 , physiologic saline (control group) or @entity10 (10 mg/kg, Mel group) was injected for 5 days, following a single injection of saline. On the sixth day, @entity1 were killed to obtain blood, liver, and kidney tissue samples. @entity3 ( @entity7 ), an end product of lipid peroxidation, and @entity8 ( @entity9 ), a key antioxidant, levels were evaluated in blood and tissue homogenates. Reactive @entity0 metabolite-induced inflammatory changes in kidney and liver tissues were evaluated by measuring @entity6 ( @entity6 ) activity, an index of neutrophil infiltration. @entity5 administration resulted in increased @entity7 levels and @entity6 activity and decreased @entity9 levels in the blood, liver, and kidney whereas @entity10 reversed these effects. When @entity10 was administered alone, no significant changes in biochemical parameters were noted. In conclusion, the present study suggests that @entity10 may be of therapeutic benefit when used with @entity5 .

title: XXXX prevents @entity4 -induced hepatorenal oxidative injury in @entity1 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Regarding the mechanisms of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, several hypotheses have been put forward, among which oxidative stress (including depletion of @entity8 ) is likely. This investigation elucidates the role of free radicals in @entity5 -induced @entity2 and the protection by @entity10 . @entity1 albino @entity1 were injected with @entity5 intraperitoneally. Following a single dose of @entity5 (20 mg/kg), either saline ( @entity5 group) or @entity10 (10 mg/kg, @entity5 + Mel group) was administered for 5 days. In other @entity1 , physiologic saline (control group) or @entity10 (10 mg/kg, Mel group) was injected for 5 days, following a single injection of saline. On the sixth day, @entity1 were killed to obtain blood, liver, and kidney tissue samples. @entity3 ( @entity7 ), an end product of lipid peroxidation, and @entity8 ( @entity9 ), a key antioxidant, levels were evaluated in blood and tissue homogenates. Reactive @entity0 metabolite-induced inflammatory changes in kidney and liver tissues were evaluated by measuring @entity6 ( @entity6 ) activity, an index of neutrophil infiltration. @entity5 administration resulted in increased @entity7 levels and @entity6 activity and decreased @entity9 levels in the blood, liver, and kidney whereas @entity10 reversed these effects. When @entity10 was administered alone, no significant changes in biochemical parameters were noted. In conclusion, the present study suggests that @entity10 may be of therapeutic benefit when used with @entity5 .

title: @entity10 prevents @entity4 -induced hepatorenal oxidative injury in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to identify the mechanisms of resistance to @entity1 and @entity2 in African trypanosomes. METHODS: Bloodstream-form @entity0 were selected for resistance to @entity1 and @entity2 by stepwise exposure to increasing drug concentrations. Clones were subjected to WGS to identify putative resistance genes. Transgenic parasites modulating expression of genes of interest were generated and drug susceptibility phenotypes determined. RESULTS: @entity1 -resistant (NfxR) and @entity2 -resistant (FxR) parasites shared reciprocal cross-resistance suggestive of a common mechanism of action. Previously, a type I nitroreductase (NTR) has been implicated in nitro drug activation. WGS of resistant clones revealed that NfxR parasites had lost >100 kb from one copy of chromosome 7, rendering them hemizygous for NTR as well as over 30 other genes. FxR parasites retained both copies of NTR, but lost >70 kb downstream of one NTR allele, decreasing NTR transcription by half. A single knockout line of NTR displayed 1.6- and 1.9-fold resistance to @entity1 and @entity2 , respectively. Since NfxR and FxR parasites are    6- and 20-fold resistant to @entity1 and @entity2 , respectively, additional factors must be involved. Overexpression and knockout studies ruled out a role for a putative oxidoreductase (Tb927.7.7410) and a hypothetical gene (Tb927.1.1050), previously identified in a genome-scale RNAi screen. CONCLUSIONS: NTR was confirmed as a key resistance determinant, either by loss of one gene copy or loss of gene expression. Further work is required to identify which of the many dozens of SNPs identified in the drug-resistant cell lines contribute to the overall resistance phenotype.

title: Nitroheterocyclic drug resistance mechanisms in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The prognosis of @entity4 -based chemotherapy-resistant metastatic @entity3 remains poor. Personalized selection of the right peptides for each @entity0 could be a novel approach for a @entity1 vaccine to boost anticancer immunity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this randomized, open-label, phase II study, @entity0 ages >= 18 years with progressive @entity3 after first-line @entity4 -based chemotherapy were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive personalized peptide vaccination ( @entity6 ) plus best supportive care (BSC) or BSC. @entity6 treatment used a maximum of four peptides chosen from 31 candidate peptides according to human leukocyte antigen types and peptide-reactive IgG titers, for 12 s.c. injections (8 injections, weekly; 4 injections, bi-weekly). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were @entity5 ( @entity5 ), immune response, and @entity2 . RESULTS: Eighty @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity6 plus BSC (n = 39) or BSC (n = 41). No significant improvement in PFS was noted [HR, 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.4-1.2, P = 0.17]. For the secondary endpoints, @entity6 plus BSC significantly prolonged @entity5 compared with BSC (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34-0.99, P = 0.049), with median @entity5 of 7.9 months (95% CI, 3.5-12.0) in the @entity6 plus BSC and 4.1 months (95% CI, 2.8-6.9) in the BSC. @entity6 treatment was well tolerated, without serious adverse drug reactions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 could not prolong PFS, but @entity5 appeared to be improved with @entity2 and immune responses. Further large-scale, randomized trials are needed to confirm these results. Clin Cancer Res; 1-7.   2015 AACR.

title: An Open-Label, Randomized Phase II Trial of Personalized Peptide Vaccination in @entity0 with XXXX that Progressed after @entity4 -Based Chemotherapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The prognosis of @entity4 -based chemotherapy-resistant metastatic @entity3 remains poor. Personalized selection of the right peptides for each @entity0 could be a novel approach for a @entity1 vaccine to boost anticancer immunity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this randomized, open-label, phase II study, @entity0 ages >= 18 years with progressive @entity3 after first-line @entity4 -based chemotherapy were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive personalized peptide vaccination ( @entity6 ) plus best supportive care (BSC) or BSC. @entity6 treatment used a maximum of four peptides chosen from 31 candidate peptides according to human leukocyte antigen types and peptide-reactive IgG titers, for 12 s.c. injections (8 injections, weekly; 4 injections, bi-weekly). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were @entity5 ( @entity5 ), immune response, and @entity2 . RESULTS: Eighty @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity6 plus BSC (n = 39) or BSC (n = 41). No significant improvement in PFS was noted [HR, 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.4-1.2, P = 0.17]. For the secondary endpoints, @entity6 plus BSC significantly prolonged @entity5 compared with BSC (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34-0.99, P = 0.049), with median @entity5 of 7.9 months (95% CI, 3.5-12.0) in the @entity6 plus BSC and 4.1 months (95% CI, 2.8-6.9) in the BSC. @entity6 treatment was well tolerated, without serious adverse drug reactions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 could not prolong PFS, but @entity5 appeared to be improved with @entity2 and immune responses. Further large-scale, randomized trials are needed to confirm these results. Clin Cancer Res; 1-7.   2015 AACR.

title: An Open-Label, Randomized Phase II Trial of Personalized Peptide Vaccination in @entity0 with @entity3 that Progressed after XXXX -Based Chemotherapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The prognosis of @entity4 -based chemotherapy-resistant metastatic @entity3 remains poor. Personalized selection of the right peptides for each @entity0 could be a novel approach for a @entity1 vaccine to boost anticancer immunity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this randomized, open-label, phase II study, @entity0 ages >= 18 years with progressive @entity3 after first-line @entity4 -based chemotherapy were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive personalized peptide vaccination ( @entity6 ) plus best supportive care (BSC) or BSC. @entity6 treatment used a maximum of four peptides chosen from 31 candidate peptides according to human leukocyte antigen types and peptide-reactive IgG titers, for 12 s.c. injections (8 injections, weekly; 4 injections, bi-weekly). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were @entity5 ( @entity5 ), immune response, and @entity2 . RESULTS: Eighty @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity6 plus BSC (n = 39) or BSC (n = 41). No significant improvement in PFS was noted [HR, 0.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.4-1.2, P = 0.17]. For the secondary endpoints, @entity6 plus BSC significantly prolonged @entity5 compared with BSC (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34-0.99, P = 0.049), with median @entity5 of 7.9 months (95% CI, 3.5-12.0) in the @entity6 plus BSC and 4.1 months (95% CI, 2.8-6.9) in the BSC. @entity6 treatment was well tolerated, without serious adverse drug reactions. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 could not prolong PFS, but @entity5 appeared to be improved with @entity2 and immune responses. Further large-scale, randomized trials are needed to confirm these results. Clin Cancer Res; 1-7.   2015 AACR.

title: An Open-Label, Randomized Phase II Trial of Personalized Peptide Vaccination in XXXX with @entity3 that Progressed after @entity4 -Based Chemotherapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tridax procumbens @entity12 (TPFs) are well known for their medicinal properties among local natives. Besides traditionally used for dropsy, @entity6 , @entity9 , @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity10 , piles, and urinary problems, it is also used in treating @entity5 , body @entity2 , and @entity2 . TPFs have been reported to increase osteogenic functioning in mesenchymal stem cells. Our previous study showed that TPFs were significantly suppressed the @entity13 -induced differentiation of osteoclasts and bone resorption. However, the effects of TPFs to promote osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation remain unclear. TPFs were isolated from Tridax procumbens and investigated for their effects on osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation by using primary @entity1 @entity16 . RESULTS: TPFs promoted osteoblast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner demonstrated by up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. TPFs also upregulated osteoblast differentiation related genes, including osteocalcin, osterix, and @entity15 in primary osteoblasts. TPFs treated primary osteoblast cells showed significant upregulation of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) including @entity11 , @entity18 , and @entity17 . Addition of @entity19 , a @entity14 specific-antagonist, inhibited TPFs induced upregulation of the osteocalcin, osterix, and @entity15 . CONCLUSION: Our findings point towards the induction of osteoblast differentiation by TPFs and suggested that TPFs could be a potential anabolic agent to treat @entity0 with @entity8 -associated diseases such as @entity3 .

title: Tridax procumbens XXXX promote osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.

answer: @entity12


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To identify independent predictors of progression and global survival in @entity0 affected by @entity3 @entity2 . To make risk groups by risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated 117 @entity0 with @entity3 @entity2 . 88 was M0 and 29 M1. Most frequent clinical feature: asintomatic @entity0 . 80 males (69%) and 37 females (31%). Mean age 59 (24-82). Median follow up 34 months (mean 44 +/- 39 months). RESULTS: Pathological stage (TNM 1997) was pT3a in 52 @entity0 (43.6%), pT3b 63 @entity0 (53.6%) and pT3c 2 @entity0 . HISTOLOGY: clear cell @entity1 106 @entity0 (90.6%), papillary 5 @entity0 (4.3%) an dchromophobe 4 @entity0 (3.4%). Nuclear grading according Fuhrman's classification: G1 13 @entity0 , G2 45 @entity0 , G3 32 and G4 12 @entity0 . Size > 4 cm (p = 0.005/p = 0.0019), grade 3-4 (p = 0.006/p = 0.0007), N+ (p = 0.034/p = 0.009) and M+ (p = 0.035/p = 0.042) were independent prognosis factors for progression and global survival of the @entity3 @entity2 . @entity0 M0 with 0 or 1 risk factor have better global survival tanh @entity0 M0 with 3 or 4 risk factors and @entity0 M1. CONCLUSIONS: Size, grade, N+ and M+ were independent prognosis factors for progression and global survival of the @entity3 @entity2 . Tera are no differencies in global survival between @entity0 M0 with 2 or 3 risk factors and @entity0 M1.

title: [Prognosis factors in XXXX renal carcinoma].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Of the 150 @entity0 admitted in 2001 to the @entity2 Center located at the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine,     d  , Poland, 80 were subjected to complex examinations consisted of standardized questionnaire on medical history, psychological tests and audiological assessment. The diagnostic procedure was completed for 52 @entity0 (23 females and 29 males; mean age: 53 years). In this group, five @entity0 were found to have conductive @entity3 due to chronic eustachtis or @entity7 . They were excluded from further studies. Among the other 47 @entity0 , 26 showed normal hearing threshold and 21 suffered from uni- or bilateral @entity5 . @entity6 was diagnosed in 16 cases. The measurements of brainstem evoked potentials revealed V wave latency asymmetry in 7 cases, which implied the necessity to perform CT or @entity8 . In neither of cases did this diagnosis confirm the suspected @entity1 development (n. @entity4 @entity1 . The preliminary assessment of treatment efficacy for subjective @entity2 with use of retraining therapy yielded the following conclusions: 1. The application of hearing aid brings about an immediate improvement in the @entity0 's self-assessment of hearing and a better tolerance towards @entity2 . 2. A systematic all-day wear of noise generators contributes to the @entity0 's increased tolerance towards @entity2 , improved mental condition and alleviated @entity6 . 3. The efficacy of the @entity2 retraining therapy, following Jastreboff, depends on providing the @entity0 with detailed information on the causes and mechanisms of @entity2 development. 4. The negative diagnostics for @entity1 within the cranial cavity has not only a soothing effect on the @entity0 as it relieves his/her stress, but it can also be a good starting point for the @entity2 retraining therapy.

title: [ XXXX Center at the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine--earliest experience].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity8 ) is a psychostimulant and drug of abuse, commonly used early in life, including in childhood and adolescence. Adverse effects include @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 , as well as increased risk of developing a @entity2 later in life. The current study investigated the long-term effects of chronic @entity8 exposure during pre-adolescence in stress-sensitive Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) @entity0 (genetic model of @entity4 ) and control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) @entity0 . @entity8 or vehicle control was administered twice daily from post-natal day 19 (PostND19) to PostND34, followed by behavioural testing at either PostND35 (early effects) or long-lasting after withdrawal at PostND60 (early adulthood). Animals were evaluated for @entity4 -like behaviour, locomotor activity, social interaction and object recognition memory. @entity8 reduced @entity4 -like behaviour in both FSL and FRL @entity0 at PostND35, but enhanced this behaviour at PostND60. @entity8 also reduced locomotor activity on PostND35 in both FSL and FRL @entity0 , but without effect at PostND60. Furthermore, @entity8 significantly lowered social interaction behaviour (staying together) in both FRL and FSL @entity0 at PostND35 and PostND60, whereas self-grooming time was significantly reduced only at PostND35. @entity8 treatment enhanced exploration of the familiar vs. novel object in the novel object recognition test (nORT) in FSL and FRL @entity0 on PostND35 and PostND60, indicative of reduced cognitive performance. Thus, early-life @entity8 exposure induce @entity1 . Lastly, early-life exposure to @entity8 may result in acute antidepressant-like effects immediately after chronic exposure, whereas long-term effects after withdrawal are depressogenic. Data also supports a role for genetic predisposition as with FSL @entity0 .

title: The long-term effects of @entity6 exposure during pre-adolescence on XXXX -like behaviour in a genetic animal model of @entity4 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity8 ) is a psychostimulant and drug of abuse, commonly used early in life, including in childhood and adolescence. Adverse effects include @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 , as well as increased risk of developing a @entity2 later in life. The current study investigated the long-term effects of chronic @entity8 exposure during pre-adolescence in stress-sensitive Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) @entity0 (genetic model of @entity4 ) and control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) @entity0 . @entity8 or vehicle control was administered twice daily from post-natal day 19 (PostND19) to PostND34, followed by behavioural testing at either PostND35 (early effects) or long-lasting after withdrawal at PostND60 (early adulthood). Animals were evaluated for @entity4 -like behaviour, locomotor activity, social interaction and object recognition memory. @entity8 reduced @entity4 -like behaviour in both FSL and FRL @entity0 at PostND35, but enhanced this behaviour at PostND60. @entity8 also reduced locomotor activity on PostND35 in both FSL and FRL @entity0 , but without effect at PostND60. Furthermore, @entity8 significantly lowered social interaction behaviour (staying together) in both FRL and FSL @entity0 at PostND35 and PostND60, whereas self-grooming time was significantly reduced only at PostND35. @entity8 treatment enhanced exploration of the familiar vs. novel object in the novel object recognition test (nORT) in FSL and FRL @entity0 on PostND35 and PostND60, indicative of reduced cognitive performance. Thus, early-life @entity8 exposure induce @entity1 . Lastly, early-life exposure to @entity8 may result in acute antidepressant-like effects immediately after chronic exposure, whereas long-term effects after withdrawal are depressogenic. Data also supports a role for genetic predisposition as with FSL @entity0 .

title: The long-term effects of @entity6 exposure during pre-adolescence on @entity4 -like behaviour in a genetic animal model of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity8 ) is a psychostimulant and drug of abuse, commonly used early in life, including in childhood and adolescence. Adverse effects include @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity7 , as well as increased risk of developing a @entity2 later in life. The current study investigated the long-term effects of chronic @entity8 exposure during pre-adolescence in stress-sensitive Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) @entity0 (genetic model of @entity4 ) and control Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) @entity0 . @entity8 or vehicle control was administered twice daily from post-natal day 19 (PostND19) to PostND34, followed by behavioural testing at either PostND35 (early effects) or long-lasting after withdrawal at PostND60 (early adulthood). Animals were evaluated for @entity4 -like behaviour, locomotor activity, social interaction and object recognition memory. @entity8 reduced @entity4 -like behaviour in both FSL and FRL @entity0 at PostND35, but enhanced this behaviour at PostND60. @entity8 also reduced locomotor activity on PostND35 in both FSL and FRL @entity0 , but without effect at PostND60. Furthermore, @entity8 significantly lowered social interaction behaviour (staying together) in both FRL and FSL @entity0 at PostND35 and PostND60, whereas self-grooming time was significantly reduced only at PostND35. @entity8 treatment enhanced exploration of the familiar vs. novel object in the novel object recognition test (nORT) in FSL and FRL @entity0 on PostND35 and PostND60, indicative of reduced cognitive performance. Thus, early-life @entity8 exposure induce @entity1 . Lastly, early-life exposure to @entity8 may result in acute antidepressant-like effects immediately after chronic exposure, whereas long-term effects after withdrawal are depressogenic. Data also supports a role for genetic predisposition as with FSL @entity0 .

title: The long-term effects of XXXX exposure during pre-adolescence on @entity4 -like behaviour in a genetic animal model of @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The effect of prior treatment with @entity5 was studied in 46 three-year-old mares. In the preceding year, these mares had been assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups and had received the manufacturer's recommended dosage of 1.1 mg of @entity6 (BU)/kg of body weight, 4.4 mg of @entity6 (4 BU)/kg, 1.1 mg of @entity4 (ND)/kg, or 0.04 ml of @entity3 oil/kg (control, C). Mares had received an injection every 3 weeks for 54 weeks for a total of 19 injections, with the final injection in December. In the following breeding season, fewer (P less than 0.05) mares in all groups previously administered @entity5 displayed @entity1 than did mares in the control group. Duration of estrus was shortened (P less than 0.05) in mares that had received @entity2 . Abnormal sexual behavior that was observed during @entity0 treatment continued (P less than 0.05) for up to 6 months after treatment ceased. However, observations of @entity1 declined with time (P less than 0.05). All mares in each treatment group ovulated by the end of the trial, and the interval to first ovulation was similar (P greater than 0.05). Ovarian size, follicular development, and conditions of the tubular genitalia was adversely (P less than 0.05) affected in mares in all @entity0 -treatment groups until approximately the middle of March. After that time, no difference was noted among groups. First-cycle pregnancy rates were 83%, 67%, 50%, and 42% for mares in the untreated, BU, 4 BU, and ND groups, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Fertility of young mares after long-term anabolic XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Does 2 mm of ST @entity1 induced by exercise have the same clinical significance in a @entity0 with a 30-mm R wave as a @entity0 with a 10-mm R wave in the same monitored lead? To answer this question the exercise responses of 85 @entity0 were compared by 2 quantitative methods of assessing @entity2 . A computer-derived treadmill exercise score, based largely on the characteristics of exercise-induced @entity1 , was compared with a thallium exercise score. Both scores correlated well over a wide range of values (r = 0.71, p less than 0.001). Then, the treadmill exercise score was corrected (by adjusting the magnitude of the ST @entity1 to a standardized R-wave amplitude of 12 mm in V5 and 8 mm in aVF) to determine if this would improve its correlation with the @entity3 exercise score. The @entity0 were separated into 2 groups by R-wave amplitude: 53 had an RV5 of 9 to 17 mm and 32 had an RV5 less than 9 or greater than 17 mm. Correction of the treadmill exercise score for R-wave amplitude did not change the slope and intercepts of the regression line for @entity0 with an RV5 amplitude of 9 to 17 mm, but did for those with an RV5 amplitude less than 9 or greater than 17 mm. In this latter group, R-wave correction changed the regression line from one that differed significantly from that of @entity0 with less extreme RV5 voltage to one that was indistinguishable from it. Correction of the treadmill exercise score also increased the correlation coefficient from 0.54 to 0.68 in this group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Influence of R-wave amplitude on exercise-induced ST XXXX : need for a "gain factor" correction when interpreting stress electrocardiograms.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed at rest and during rapid transesophageal atrial pacing in 85 @entity0 undergoing coronary arteriography for evaluation of @entity3 . Transesophageal atrial pacing was performed with 10 ms pulses of 6 to 27 mA intensity; the rate was progressively increased up to 150 beats/min. Four @entity0 were excluded: two because atrial capture was not achieved and two because of chest discomfort induced during transesophageal atrial pacing. Of the remaining 81 @entity0 , 56 had significant @entity2 (greater than or equal to 75% stenosis of at least one major coronary vessel) and 25 had no significant @entity2 ; 25 of the 56 @entity0 with @entity2 had no wall motion abnormalities at rest. The test was considered positive if wall motion abnormalities were detected during pacing. @entity4 occurred in 3 of 25 @entity0 without @entity2 (specificity 88%) and in 51 of 56 @entity0 with @entity2 (sensitivity 91%). @entity4 developed in 20 of the 25 @entity0 with @entity2 and normal regional wall motion at rest (sensitivity 80%); sensitivity for one, two and three @entity1 was 85% (17 of 20 @entity0 ), 94% (15 of 16 @entity0 ) and 95% (19 of 20 @entity0 ), respectively. In @entity0 without @entity2 , wall motion score was 18 at rest and 17.7 +/- 0.9 during pacing (p = NS). In @entity0 with @entity2 , wall motion score decreased from 15.2 +/- 3.6 at rest to 11.6 +/- 4.1 during pacing (p less than 0.001). In @entity0 with @entity2 and normal regional wall motion at rest, wall motion score decreased from 18 at rest to 14.4 +/- 3.1 during pacing (p less than 0.001). Thus, two-dimensional echocardiography during transesophageal atrial pacing appears both sensitive and specific in detecting @entity0 with @entity2 . This new procedure is a feasible and reliable alternative to exercise two-dimensional echocardiography.

title: Detection of XXXX by two-dimensional echocardiography and transesophageal atrial pacing.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The entity of @entity5 associated with the use of oral contraceptives is well known but quite rare in Japan in contrast to Western countries. We recently encountered a 38 years old female with @entity3 considered to be caused by oral contraception. This @entity0 took oral contraceptives for 17 days following therapeutic abortion, and was transferred to our hospital because of disturbed consciousness. CT scans disclosed a right temporo-occipital subcortical @entity8 and bilateral @entity9 . Cerebral angiograms showed non-filling of cortical veins in the same area. The internal cerebral vein, vein of Galen and right transverse sinus were not visualized either. The @entity10 and @entity2 tissue were removed to avoid farther @entity1 . The brain was swollen and hyperemic, and thrombosed cortical veins were clearly recognized at operation. Twelve cases, including ours, of @entity5 associated with oral contraception were reported up to now in Japan, and only 3 of them were diagnosed objectively as @entity4 . The average age of these 12 cases was 34 years old and many of them experienced abortion or therapeutic abortion. There was no relationship between the dose of @entity7 and the onset of @entity5 . We believe that the onset of this pathological state is based on @entity3 state, and the oral contraception may play a role of a trigger. Oral contraception should be contraindicated in @entity0 with @entity3 state, @entity6 and/or smoking habit.

title: [ XXXX associated with the use of oral contraceptives].

answer: @entity3


abstract: This report reveals a surprisingly high incidence of thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) autoantibodies ( @entity2 ) and thyroglobulin autoantibodies in a closed flock of untreated Cornell strain (CS) White Leghorn @entity0 . This flock is closely related to the Obese strain @entity0 , which develops a severe spontaneous @entity1 . A sensitive electrophoretic autoradiographic assay for @entity2 was developed. This assay was applied to the study of autoantibodies to T3 and T4 in the sera of adult female CS @entity0 . Of 109 females, 29.4% had antibodies to T3 and 18.4% had antibodies to T4. The incidence of thyroglobulin antibodies, determined by passive hemagglutination, was 15.6%. The presence of @entity2 affected RIA measurements because serum T3 and T4 hormone concentrations appeared elevated in those birds with moderate to high antibody levels. There was major variance in the electrophoretic heterogeneity of the @entity2 from individual @entity0 ; i.e., some of the sera contained antibodies to T3 or T4 that appeared to be monoclonal, whereas other sera exhibited polyclonal multi-banded patterns. To determine if antibodies reactive with T3 and T4 (which are haptens) were generated by antibody responses to the T3/T4 sites on the thyroglobulin molecule, competitive binding assays were performed to determine the relative binding affinities of the antibodies for the haptens (T3/T4) and the "hapten-conjugate" (thyroglobulin). In these assays, thyroglobulin competed with the haptens, thus supporting the above hypothesis.

title: Analysis of triiodothyronine and thyroxine-binding autoantibodies in @entity0 susceptible to XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This report reveals a surprisingly high incidence of thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) autoantibodies ( @entity2 ) and thyroglobulin autoantibodies in a closed flock of untreated Cornell strain (CS) White Leghorn @entity0 . This flock is closely related to the Obese strain @entity0 , which develops a severe spontaneous @entity1 . A sensitive electrophoretic autoradiographic assay for @entity2 was developed. This assay was applied to the study of autoantibodies to T3 and T4 in the sera of adult female CS @entity0 . Of 109 females, 29.4% had antibodies to T3 and 18.4% had antibodies to T4. The incidence of thyroglobulin antibodies, determined by passive hemagglutination, was 15.6%. The presence of @entity2 affected RIA measurements because serum T3 and T4 hormone concentrations appeared elevated in those birds with moderate to high antibody levels. There was major variance in the electrophoretic heterogeneity of the @entity2 from individual @entity0 ; i.e., some of the sera contained antibodies to T3 or T4 that appeared to be monoclonal, whereas other sera exhibited polyclonal multi-banded patterns. To determine if antibodies reactive with T3 and T4 (which are haptens) were generated by antibody responses to the T3/T4 sites on the thyroglobulin molecule, competitive binding assays were performed to determine the relative binding affinities of the antibodies for the haptens (T3/T4) and the "hapten-conjugate" (thyroglobulin). In these assays, thyroglobulin competed with the haptens, thus supporting the above hypothesis.

title: Analysis of triiodothyronine and thyroxine-binding autoantibodies in XXXX susceptible to @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: An intravenous administration set designed for delivery of drug doses to pediatric @entity0 was tested in vitro for the effect of fluid density and flow rate on drug delivery, and delivery of drug by this extension set was compared in vivo with delivery by other methods. @entity5 (as the @entity4 salt) and @entity1 G @entity6 were used to represent low-density and high-density drugs, respectively; a 1-mL solution of each drug, labeled with @entity3 14, was tested with each of two primary infusion solutions: 0.45% @entity7 injection and 10% @entity2 injection. The drug dose was injected via a port into a piston-containing chamber from which an equivalent amount of the primary fluid was displaced. Serial samples collected from the end of the filter-containing extension set were analyzed for drug concentration using a liquid scintillation technique. In 12 @entity0 receiving i.v. @entity5 , this delivery method was compared in a randomized crossover trial with delivery by a syringe pump and by i.v. push. Each delivery system was used on one of three consecutive days, and serum @entity5 concentrations were measured by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay. The time required for in vitro delivery of the dose was dependent on flow rate. Density of the drug solution or the primary i.v. fluid did not significantly affect drug delivery. Serum @entity5 concentrations were not significantly different for the three delivery methods, but variability of drug delivery was greatest with the pediatric extension set. This pediatric extension set provides accurate and reliable drug delivery at primary infusion flow rates slower than 10 mL/hr when the drug dosage volume is 2-3 mL or less.

title: Evaluation of an extension set for intermittent intravenous drug delivery to XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The increased incidence of @entity2 in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 is well recognised. These @entity2 display distinctive clinicopathological features and generally show good prognostic outcome. Recently, @entity1 that share the morphological features of @entity4 have also been described. In this report, we document a case of a @entity1 in a previously well, 46-year-old female. Histology revealed a circumscribed @entity1 composed of tubular, papillary, cribriform and solid areas. The @entity1 cells showed occasional nuclear grooves and rare nuclear inclusions. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining with antibodies to cytokeratin AE1/AE3, @entity6 and @entity5 receptor proteins. Focal immunoreactivity was also noted with antibodies to thyroglobulin, epithelial membrane antigen, 34betaE12 and cytokeratin @entity7 . The absence of @entity3 on colonoscopy and germline mutation in the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) gene provides evidence that this @entity1 represents the sporadic counterpart of @entity4 -associated @entity2 . The @entity0 is well with no evidence of disease 7 months following resection of the @entity1 . The differential diagnoses and molecular genetics of this @entity1 are discussed.

title: Cribriform-morular variant of papillary carcinoma: the sporadic counterpart of XXXX . A case report with clinical and molecular genetic correlation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report cases of acute bilateral catarrhal infiltrates in the early postoperative period after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: Retrospective review of both eyes of two @entity0 . RESULTS: Two @entity0 developed acute bilateral, marginal, catarrhal infiltrates in the early postoperative period after LASIK. Both @entity0 had moderate to severe chronic @entity1 preoperatively. One @entity0 (both eyes) developed grade 3 @entity2 ( @entity2 ) that required both flaps to be lifted for irrigation and cleaning on postoperative day 5. Fungal and bacterial cultures were negative in both eyes of both @entity0 . The condition resolved with intensive topical corticosteroids and fortified antibiotics. Regression of @entity3 and the need for enhancement was encountered in all eyes. There was mild recurrence in one eye of each @entity0 with pretreatment with topical corticosteroids prior to enhancement. CONCLUSIONS: Endogenous factors such as @entity4 and @entity1 may trigger inflammation resulting in sporadic cases of catarrhal infiltrates after LASIK. These @entity0 may have chronic inflammatory milieus that can trigger sporadic cases of catarrhal infiltrates after LASIK, with accompanying @entity2 .

title: Bilateral marginal sterile infiltrates and XXXX after laser in situ keratomileusis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The influence of external buffering on surface pH (pHs), intracellular pH (pHi) and developed twitch @entity3 was investigated in @entity0 and cat papillary muscle. pHs and pHi were measured using single and double-barreled microelectrodes respectively. In 20 mM @entity5 buffered solution, steady state pHi is close to that in control @entity1 /HCO-3 (25 mM @entity4 , 5% @entity1 ) solution. pHs and developed @entity3 also do not differ greatly from their control values. Decreasing the @entity5 concentration to 5 mM, at constant external pH, lowers pHs considerably. The surface @entity2 is associated with a small intracellular acidification; steady state pHi in 5 mM @entity5 is always more acid than that in control @entity1 /HCO-3. A significant decrease in developed @entity3 is also seen in 5 mM @entity5 . Alteration of the superfusion velocity influences pHs only slightly. Stimulation of the muscle at high frequency is shown to increase surface acidification, the extent of which is dependent on the buffer concentration. The conclusion from the present experiments is that in papillary muscle external buffering influences intracellular pH and contraction via its effect on pHs.

title: Intracellular pH and contraction of isolated XXXX and cat papillary muscle: effect of superfusate buffering.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Nonactivated (8.5S) @entity4 uterine @entity11 receptor was enriched 10- to 30-fold by chromatography on columns of spheroidal @entity6 and @entity13 -cellulose. A total of approximately 25 micrograms of receptor (purity approximately 1%) was injected at multiple sites into a BALB/c @entity2 . After several injections, splenic lymphocytes were fused with P3x63Ag8.653 @entity2 @entity10 cells. This fusion produced in excess of 240 hybridomas, which were screened by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), solid-phase radioimmunoassay, and @entity8 gradient centrifugation. One colony (KN 382/EC1) produced a @entity2 immunoglobulin G1 which bound @entity4 8.5S uterine @entity11 receptor. The cell line has been repeatedly cloned under conditions of limiting dilution and expanded in @entity2 as @entity1 . Antibody was purified by @entity12 precipitation, @entity13 -cellulose chromatography, and affinity chromatography with protein A - Sepharose CL-4B. Specificity of the antibody was determined by @entity8 gradient centrifugation and solid-phase radioimmunoassay. The antibody bound to @entity11 receptors from @entity4 uterus and MCF-7 @entity0 cells. It did not react with @entity11 receptors from @entity3 uterus, @entity7 uterus, or @entity9 oviduct, nor did it bind to @entity5 receptors from any of the tissues we tested.

title: Development of a monoclonal antibody to the @entity4 8.5S uterine XXXX receptor.

answer: @entity11


abstract: Nonactivated (8.5S) @entity4 uterine @entity11 receptor was enriched 10- to 30-fold by chromatography on columns of spheroidal @entity6 and @entity13 -cellulose. A total of approximately 25 micrograms of receptor (purity approximately 1%) was injected at multiple sites into a BALB/c @entity2 . After several injections, splenic lymphocytes were fused with P3x63Ag8.653 @entity2 @entity10 cells. This fusion produced in excess of 240 hybridomas, which were screened by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), solid-phase radioimmunoassay, and @entity8 gradient centrifugation. One colony (KN 382/EC1) produced a @entity2 immunoglobulin G1 which bound @entity4 8.5S uterine @entity11 receptor. The cell line has been repeatedly cloned under conditions of limiting dilution and expanded in @entity2 as @entity1 . Antibody was purified by @entity12 precipitation, @entity13 -cellulose chromatography, and affinity chromatography with protein A - Sepharose CL-4B. Specificity of the antibody was determined by @entity8 gradient centrifugation and solid-phase radioimmunoassay. The antibody bound to @entity11 receptors from @entity4 uterus and MCF-7 @entity0 cells. It did not react with @entity11 receptors from @entity3 uterus, @entity7 uterus, or @entity9 oviduct, nor did it bind to @entity5 receptors from any of the tissues we tested.

title: Development of a monoclonal antibody to the XXXX 8.5S uterine @entity11 receptor.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The pulmonary vascular responses to acute @entity3 and to infusions of @entity0 and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were recorded in unanesthetized standing bull @entity1 under neutral (16-18 degrees C) and cold (3-5 degrees C) temperature conditions. Cold exposure alone resulted in a significant increase in pulmonary arterial wedge pressure from 10.2 +/- 3.5 to 15.9 +/- 4.9 Torr (1 Torr = 133.322 Pa). Resistance to blood flow between the pulmonary wedge and the left atrium significantly increased from 0.50 +/- 0.51 to 1.21 +/- 0.78 mmHg . L-1 . min-1 (1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa) with cold exposure. This apparent pulmonary venoconstrictor response to cold exposure was further evaluated to determine if @entity3 , @entity0 , or @entity5 responsiveness was altered by cold exposure. Twelve minutes of @entity3 @entity4 , heart rate, and respiratory rate similarly in cold and neutral temperatures. Cold exposure did not alter the dose-related @entity4 in response to @entity0 . Similarly, the decreases in systemic arterial pressure and heart rate and @entity4 in response to @entity5 were not significantly different in cold and neutral conditions. It was concluded that acute, mild cold exposure results in an increase in resistance to blood flow in the @entity2 without a general increase in pulmonary vascular reactivity, as measured by responses to @entity3 , @entity0 , and @entity5 .

title: Pulmonary vascular responsiveness in cold-exposed XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In order to assess the relation between @entity7 and @entity1 (U.T.T.), a study of two villages in the surroundings of Niamey (Rep. of @entity5 ) was undertaken. In the first village located near a @entity2 plantation irrigation scheme, the global prevalence of @entity6 infection was 77%. @entity0 between 5 to 14 years of age were all infected and their mean egg output was 500 eggs/10 ml of urine. In the second village, where water is supplied from wells, @entity3 was almost absent. @entity1 were diagnosed upon the cytologic count of the urinary sediment and the urine culture. Comparison between @entity6 infected and non-infected villages showed that the prevalence of U.T.I. was 3.8 times higher among the females of the infected village. This was also noticed for old @entity0 and especially for @entity0 aged 5 to 14 (5.2% U.T.I.) for whom @entity1 is usually uncommon. However the mean blood pressure and the creatininemia showed no difference between the two populations. If @entity3 increases the risk of chronic @entity4 , that increase could not be accounted for with the measures of these two variables.

title: [ @entity6 bilharziosis and @entity1 . Study of their relationship in 2 villages of XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: In order to assess the relation between @entity7 and @entity1 (U.T.T.), a study of two villages in the surroundings of Niamey (Rep. of @entity5 ) was undertaken. In the first village located near a @entity2 plantation irrigation scheme, the global prevalence of @entity6 infection was 77%. @entity0 between 5 to 14 years of age were all infected and their mean egg output was 500 eggs/10 ml of urine. In the second village, where water is supplied from wells, @entity3 was almost absent. @entity1 were diagnosed upon the cytologic count of the urinary sediment and the urine culture. Comparison between @entity6 infected and non-infected villages showed that the prevalence of U.T.I. was 3.8 times higher among the females of the infected village. This was also noticed for old @entity0 and especially for @entity0 aged 5 to 14 (5.2% U.T.I.) for whom @entity1 is usually uncommon. However the mean blood pressure and the creatininemia showed no difference between the two populations. If @entity3 increases the risk of chronic @entity4 , that increase could not be accounted for with the measures of these two variables.

title: [ XXXX bilharziosis and @entity1 . Study of their relationship in 2 villages of @entity5 ].

answer: @entity6


abstract: In order to assess the relation between @entity7 and @entity1 (U.T.T.), a study of two villages in the surroundings of Niamey (Rep. of @entity5 ) was undertaken. In the first village located near a @entity2 plantation irrigation scheme, the global prevalence of @entity6 infection was 77%. @entity0 between 5 to 14 years of age were all infected and their mean egg output was 500 eggs/10 ml of urine. In the second village, where water is supplied from wells, @entity3 was almost absent. @entity1 were diagnosed upon the cytologic count of the urinary sediment and the urine culture. Comparison between @entity6 infected and non-infected villages showed that the prevalence of U.T.I. was 3.8 times higher among the females of the infected village. This was also noticed for old @entity0 and especially for @entity0 aged 5 to 14 (5.2% U.T.I.) for whom @entity1 is usually uncommon. However the mean blood pressure and the creatininemia showed no difference between the two populations. If @entity3 increases the risk of chronic @entity4 , that increase could not be accounted for with the measures of these two variables.

title: [ @entity6 bilharziosis and XXXX . Study of their relationship in 2 villages of @entity5 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: We made continuous electrocardiographic recordings on magnetic tape during 15 episodes of @entity1 in five @entity0 with @entity3 to determine the characteristics of the QRS changes. Orthogonal leads were used and the electrocardiograms were analyzed visually and by digital computer. Changes were quantified by subtracting baseline electrocardiograms from those obtained during @entity1 . Large changes in the QRS occurred during @entity1 but the waveform quickly returned to baseline when the episode subsided. In all @entity0 there was prolongation of the QRS duration and an increase in QRS voltage during the terminal 40 msec of the waveform in the lead(s) showing the most marked ST displacement. The increase in the terminal QRS could be represented by a vector directed toward the @entity1 zone. In a given @entity0 the amplitude of ST displacement varied between episodes, presumably because of variation in the intensity of @entity1 , but the QRS changes were directionally similar in each episode. In two @entity0 there was also a smaller change involving the initial 40 msec of the QRS that could be represented by a vector directed away from the @entity1 zone. To determine the possible mechanism for the electrocardiographic changes, @entity1 episodes of 120 to 150 sec were produced in seven @entity2 and electrocardiographic recording and analysis techniques similar to those used in @entity0 were employed. Myocardial conduction velocity was measured in three directions in the @entity1 zone and was correlated with simultaneous electrocardiographic recordings from the body surface. The electrocardiographic changes in the @entity2 preparation were virtually identical to those in the @entity0 and strongly correlated with a fall in myocardial conduction velocity. We conclude that the QRS changes during @entity3 result from the altered excitation pattern produced by conduction delay in the @entity1 zone. The probable cause for the increase in terminal QRS voltage is delayed (and uncancelled) activation of the @entity1 zone.

title: The QRS complex during transient myocardial ischemia: studies in @entity0 with XXXX and in a @entity2 preparation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We made continuous electrocardiographic recordings on magnetic tape during 15 episodes of @entity1 in five @entity0 with @entity3 to determine the characteristics of the QRS changes. Orthogonal leads were used and the electrocardiograms were analyzed visually and by digital computer. Changes were quantified by subtracting baseline electrocardiograms from those obtained during @entity1 . Large changes in the QRS occurred during @entity1 but the waveform quickly returned to baseline when the episode subsided. In all @entity0 there was prolongation of the QRS duration and an increase in QRS voltage during the terminal 40 msec of the waveform in the lead(s) showing the most marked ST displacement. The increase in the terminal QRS could be represented by a vector directed toward the @entity1 zone. In a given @entity0 the amplitude of ST displacement varied between episodes, presumably because of variation in the intensity of @entity1 , but the QRS changes were directionally similar in each episode. In two @entity0 there was also a smaller change involving the initial 40 msec of the QRS that could be represented by a vector directed away from the @entity1 zone. To determine the possible mechanism for the electrocardiographic changes, @entity1 episodes of 120 to 150 sec were produced in seven @entity2 and electrocardiographic recording and analysis techniques similar to those used in @entity0 were employed. Myocardial conduction velocity was measured in three directions in the @entity1 zone and was correlated with simultaneous electrocardiographic recordings from the body surface. The electrocardiographic changes in the @entity2 preparation were virtually identical to those in the @entity0 and strongly correlated with a fall in myocardial conduction velocity. We conclude that the QRS changes during @entity3 result from the altered excitation pattern produced by conduction delay in the @entity1 zone. The probable cause for the increase in terminal QRS voltage is delayed (and uncancelled) activation of the @entity1 zone.

title: The QRS complex during transient myocardial ischemia: studies in XXXX with @entity3 and in a @entity2 preparation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We made continuous electrocardiographic recordings on magnetic tape during 15 episodes of @entity1 in five @entity0 with @entity3 to determine the characteristics of the QRS changes. Orthogonal leads were used and the electrocardiograms were analyzed visually and by digital computer. Changes were quantified by subtracting baseline electrocardiograms from those obtained during @entity1 . Large changes in the QRS occurred during @entity1 but the waveform quickly returned to baseline when the episode subsided. In all @entity0 there was prolongation of the QRS duration and an increase in QRS voltage during the terminal 40 msec of the waveform in the lead(s) showing the most marked ST displacement. The increase in the terminal QRS could be represented by a vector directed toward the @entity1 zone. In a given @entity0 the amplitude of ST displacement varied between episodes, presumably because of variation in the intensity of @entity1 , but the QRS changes were directionally similar in each episode. In two @entity0 there was also a smaller change involving the initial 40 msec of the QRS that could be represented by a vector directed away from the @entity1 zone. To determine the possible mechanism for the electrocardiographic changes, @entity1 episodes of 120 to 150 sec were produced in seven @entity2 and electrocardiographic recording and analysis techniques similar to those used in @entity0 were employed. Myocardial conduction velocity was measured in three directions in the @entity1 zone and was correlated with simultaneous electrocardiographic recordings from the body surface. The electrocardiographic changes in the @entity2 preparation were virtually identical to those in the @entity0 and strongly correlated with a fall in myocardial conduction velocity. We conclude that the QRS changes during @entity3 result from the altered excitation pattern produced by conduction delay in the @entity1 zone. The probable cause for the increase in terminal QRS voltage is delayed (and uncancelled) activation of the @entity1 zone.

title: The QRS complex during transient myocardial ischemia: studies in @entity0 with @entity3 and in a XXXX preparation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Manometric and electromyographic recordings of stomach motility were made in five conscious @entity4 to investigate the influence of distension of the stomach compartments, of temporary cervical vagal blockade and the influence of @entity3 , @entity0 and @entity1 . The frequency of @entity2 was slowed by distension of the canal joining compartment 2 (C2) and compartment 3 (C3), or of the proximal region of C3, and either increased and/or reduced by distension of the distal region of C3 or the hind stomach. The number of B-contractions in a cycle was increased according to the degree of distension of the cranial sac of compartment 1 (C1). B-contractions were also induced by distension of the canal or proximal region of C3 and were inhibited by distension of the distal region of C3 or the hind stomach. Contractions of C3 were not influenced by distension of C1 or C2 but were inhibited by distension of the canal, while distension within C3 caused a local excitation and an inhibition both proximal and distal to the point of stimulation. The hind stomach was only affected by local stimuli. Temporary vagal blockade abolished all contractions of C1, C2, and the canal and C3, but had little effect on the motility of the hind stomach. Infusion of @entity3 (0.01 mg/kg), @entity0 (7-33 micrograms/kg . min) and @entity1 (0.3 micrograms/kg . min) inhibited motility in all stomach compartments except the hind stomach where @entity0 was stimulatory. It is concluded that while the hind stomach may have intrinsic motility, the contractions of C1, C2, the canal and C3 of the @entity4 stomach are dependent upon a vagal motor nerve supply and that the pattern of contractions observed is regulated at least partially according to the individual degree of distension of each of the stomach compartments.

title: Control of stomach motility in the XXXX (Lama guanacoe f. glama).

answer: @entity4