abstract: UNASSIGNED: EV-D68 is associated with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Since its first isolation, EV-D68 has been detected sporadically. However, the US and Canada have experienced outbreaks of EV-D68 infections between August and December 2014. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of EV-D68 in Chongqing, Southwestern China. From January 2012 to November 2014, 1876 nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens (NPAs) were collected from hospitalized @entity0 with @entity2 . Among the 1876 NPAs, EV-D68 was detected in 19 samples (1.0%, 19/1876). Of these, 13 samples were detected in September and October 2014 (9.8%, 13/132). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all 13 strains detected in the 2014 Chongqing had high homology with the main strains of the 2014 US outbreak. Among the @entity0 with EV-D68 infection, 13 (68%) had a history of recurrent wheezing. A total of 13 @entity0 had a discharge diagnosis of @entity1 . Of these, 11 @entity0 were diagnosed with acute @entity1 exacerbation. EV-D68 was the predominant pathogen that evoked @entity1 exacerbation in September and October 2014. In conclusion, our results found that a history of recurrent wheezing may be a risk factor for the detection of EV-D68 and viral-induced @entity1 exacerbation may be a clinical feature of EV-D68 infection.

title: Prevalence and molecular characterizations of enterovirus D68 among XXXX with acute @entity2 in China between 2012 and 2014.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Head-up tilt test is increasingly being used to evaluate @entity0 with @entity2 . This study was designed to evaluate the specificity of head-up tilt testing using different tilt angles and @entity3 infusion doses in normal volunteers with no prior history of @entity2 or @entity2 . METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fifty volunteers were randomized to two groups of 75 each. In group 1, subjects were further randomized to have head-up tilt testing at a 60, 70, or 80 degree angle at baseline followed by repeat tilt testing during a low-dose @entity3 infusion that increased the heart rate by an average of 20%. In group 2, after having a baseline head-up tilt test at a 70 degree angle for a maximum of 20 minutes, subjects were randomized to have a repeat tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle during a low-dose, 3 micrograms/min, or 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusion. In group 1, @entity2 or @entity2 along with @entity1 developed in 2 subjects during the baseline test at 60 and 70 degrees of tilt and in 5 subjects during tilting at 80 degrees. The addition of low-dose @entity3 reduced the specificity minimally from 92% to 88% at both 60 and 70 degrees of tilt but substantially to 60% at an 80 degrees angle. However, 6 of the 10 subjects with a positive test at an 80 degree angle had an abnormal response after 10 minutes of tilt testing. In group 2, using various @entity3 doses with tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle, low-dose (mean infusion dose, 1.5 +/- 0.45 microgram/min), 3 micrograms/min, and 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusions elicited an abnormal response in 1 (4%), 5 (20%), and 14 (56%) of the subjects, respectively. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, head-up tilt testing at an 80 degree angle (P = .01) or during 3 micrograms/min (P = .02) and 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusion rates (P < .001) was the most significant predictor of an abnormal response. CONCLUSIONS: Head-up tilt testing at a 60 or 70 degree angle with or without low-dose @entity3 infusion provides an adequate specificity. Caution is needed, however, in interpreting the results if the head-up tilt test at 80 degrees is extended beyond 10 minutes or if high doses of @entity3 are used.

title: Provocation of XXXX during head-up tilt testing in subjects with no history of @entity2 or @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Head-up tilt test is increasingly being used to evaluate @entity0 with @entity2 . This study was designed to evaluate the specificity of head-up tilt testing using different tilt angles and @entity3 infusion doses in normal volunteers with no prior history of @entity2 or @entity2 . METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fifty volunteers were randomized to two groups of 75 each. In group 1, subjects were further randomized to have head-up tilt testing at a 60, 70, or 80 degree angle at baseline followed by repeat tilt testing during a low-dose @entity3 infusion that increased the heart rate by an average of 20%. In group 2, after having a baseline head-up tilt test at a 70 degree angle for a maximum of 20 minutes, subjects were randomized to have a repeat tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle during a low-dose, 3 micrograms/min, or 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusion. In group 1, @entity2 or @entity2 along with @entity1 developed in 2 subjects during the baseline test at 60 and 70 degrees of tilt and in 5 subjects during tilting at 80 degrees. The addition of low-dose @entity3 reduced the specificity minimally from 92% to 88% at both 60 and 70 degrees of tilt but substantially to 60% at an 80 degrees angle. However, 6 of the 10 subjects with a positive test at an 80 degree angle had an abnormal response after 10 minutes of tilt testing. In group 2, using various @entity3 doses with tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle, low-dose (mean infusion dose, 1.5 +/- 0.45 microgram/min), 3 micrograms/min, and 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusions elicited an abnormal response in 1 (4%), 5 (20%), and 14 (56%) of the subjects, respectively. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, head-up tilt testing at an 80 degree angle (P = .01) or during 3 micrograms/min (P = .02) and 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusion rates (P < .001) was the most significant predictor of an abnormal response. CONCLUSIONS: Head-up tilt testing at a 60 or 70 degree angle with or without low-dose @entity3 infusion provides an adequate specificity. Caution is needed, however, in interpreting the results if the head-up tilt test at 80 degrees is extended beyond 10 minutes or if high doses of @entity3 are used.

title: Provocation of @entity1 during head-up tilt testing in subjects with no history of XXXX or @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Head-up tilt test is increasingly being used to evaluate @entity0 with @entity2 . This study was designed to evaluate the specificity of head-up tilt testing using different tilt angles and @entity3 infusion doses in normal volunteers with no prior history of @entity2 or @entity2 . METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred fifty volunteers were randomized to two groups of 75 each. In group 1, subjects were further randomized to have head-up tilt testing at a 60, 70, or 80 degree angle at baseline followed by repeat tilt testing during a low-dose @entity3 infusion that increased the heart rate by an average of 20%. In group 2, after having a baseline head-up tilt test at a 70 degree angle for a maximum of 20 minutes, subjects were randomized to have a repeat tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle during a low-dose, 3 micrograms/min, or 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusion. In group 1, @entity2 or @entity2 along with @entity1 developed in 2 subjects during the baseline test at 60 and 70 degrees of tilt and in 5 subjects during tilting at 80 degrees. The addition of low-dose @entity3 reduced the specificity minimally from 92% to 88% at both 60 and 70 degrees of tilt but substantially to 60% at an 80 degrees angle. However, 6 of the 10 subjects with a positive test at an 80 degree angle had an abnormal response after 10 minutes of tilt testing. In group 2, using various @entity3 doses with tilt table testing at a 70 degree angle, low-dose (mean infusion dose, 1.5 +/- 0.45 microgram/min), 3 micrograms/min, and 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusions elicited an abnormal response in 1 (4%), 5 (20%), and 14 (56%) of the subjects, respectively. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, head-up tilt testing at an 80 degree angle (P = .01) or during 3 micrograms/min (P = .02) and 5 micrograms/min @entity3 infusion rates (P < .001) was the most significant predictor of an abnormal response. CONCLUSIONS: Head-up tilt testing at a 60 or 70 degree angle with or without low-dose @entity3 infusion provides an adequate specificity. Caution is needed, however, in interpreting the results if the head-up tilt test at 80 degrees is extended beyond 10 minutes or if high doses of @entity3 are used.

title: Provocation of @entity1 during head-up tilt testing in subjects with no history of @entity2 or XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the understanding of @entity1 and its management by @entity0 and general practitioners (GP), and to identify barriers to optimal @entity1 care. METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 GP and 22 @entity0 in Sydney, Australia. Discussions were focused on medication adherence, experiences with @entity1 , and education and perceptions around interventions for @entity1 . Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed for themes using an analytical framework. RESULTS: Adherence to urate-lowering medications was identified as problematic by GP, but less so by @entity0 with @entity1 . However, @entity0 had little appreciation of the risk of acute attacks related to variable adherence. @entity0 felt stigmatized that their @entity1 diagnosis was predominantly related to perceptions that @entity2 and dietary excess were causal. @entity0 felt they did not have enough education about @entity1 and how to manage it. A manifestation of this was that @entity3 concentrations were infrequently measured. GP were concerned that they did not know enough about managing @entity1 and most were not familiar with current guidelines for management. For example and importantly, the strategies for reducing the risk of acute attacks when commencing urate-lowering therapy (ULT) were not well appreciated by GP or @entity0 . CONCLUSION: @entity0 and GP wished to know more about @entity1 and its management. Greater success in establishing and maintaining ULT will require further and better education to substantially benefit @entity0 . Also, given the prevalence, and personal and societal significance of @entity1 , innovative approaches to transforming the management of this eminently treatable disease are needed.

title: Barriers to Care in Gout: From Prescriber to XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: To estimate disease progression based on analysis of macular volume measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in @entity0 affected by @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and to evaluate the influence of software errors on these measurements. METHODS: 58 eyes of 29 @entity4 @entity0 were included. Numbers and types of algorithm errors were recorded and manually corrected. In a subgroup of 36 eyes of 18 @entity0 with at least two examinations over time, total macular volume ( @entity3 ) and volumes of all nine Early Treatment of @entity1 Study (ETDRS) subfields were obtained. Random effects models were used to estimate the rate of change per year for the population, and empirical Bayes slopes were used to estimate yearly decline in @entity3 for individual eyes. RESULTS: 6958 single B-scans from 190 macular cube scans were analysed. 2360 (33.9%) showed algorithm errors. Mean observation period for follow-up data was 15   months (range 3-40). The median (IQR) change in @entity3 using the empirical Bayes estimates for the individual eyes was -0.103 (-0.145, -0.059) mm(3) per year. The mean (  SD) @entity3 was 6.321  1.000   mm(3) at baseline, and rate of decline was -0.118   mm(3) per year (p=0.003). Yearly mean volume change was -0.004   mm(3) in the central subfield (mean baseline=0.128   mm(3)), -0.032   mm(3) in the inner (mean baseline=1.484   mm(3)) and -0.079   mm(3) in the outer ETDRS subfields (mean baseline=5.206   mm(3)). CONCLUSIONS: SD-OCT measurements allow monitoring the decline in retinal volume in @entity4 ; however, they require significant manual correction of software errors.

title: Assessment of estimated retinal atrophy progression in XXXX using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Thyroid ultrasound to assess for nodular growth is commonly performed during the follow-up of @entity0 with benign thyroid nodules, with the goal of identifying @entity0 with a missed diagnosis of @entity2 . The objective of this study was to summarise the evidence regarding the diagnostic accuracy of growth during follow-up of benign thyroid nodules for @entity2 . METHODS: We searched multiple electronic databases using a search strategy designed by an experienced medical librarian from inception to March 2015. Eligible studies included @entity0 with benign thyroid nodules assessed for growth during follow-up and evaluated for @entity2 either by surgical histology or a repeat fine needle aspiration biopsy. Reviewers working independently and in duplicate recorded data and assessed each study. RESULTS: The 7 eligible studies lacked safeguards against bias and generated results that were imprecise with wide confidence intervals and inconsistent across studies. This warrants very low confidence in these results. The odds of @entity2 on histopathology in @entity0 with nodule growth over the odds in @entity0 without nodule growth (diagnostic odds ratio) was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.26 to 1.3); the diagnostic odds ratio was 2.2 (95% CI: 0.26 to 18) when an abnormal repeat biopsy was the reference standard. CONCLUSION: The body of evidence linking nodule growth with @entity2 during the follow-up of benign nodules warrants very low confidence. In the era of high value healthcare, the commonplace practice of following benign thyroid nodules with serial ultrasound assessment of growth to diagnose @entity1 can be questioned, calling for imminent evaluation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Diagnostic accuracy of thyroid nodule growth to predict XXXX in thyroid nodules with benign cytology: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Targeted tumorigenesis, using the @entity8 gene promoter ligated to the @entity5 large T antigen, generated @entity1 with massive @entity0 of the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary. Inoculation of @entity1 with the IL @entity0 cells resulted in very large secondary @entity0 . As the IL from several species produces a potent @entity6 ( @entity6 ), it was of interest to determine whether @entity4 from these @entity1 also contain @entity6 . The objectives were to 1) measure serum PRL levels in @entity1 with @entity4 , 2) determine whether these @entity0 contain @entity6 and examine its chromatographic properties, and 3) analyze whether this @entity6 is related to @entity8 , its derivatives, or other PRL secretagogues. Serum PRL levels were 5- to 6-fold higher in transgenic than in control @entity1 . Primary and secondary @entity4 were acid extracted and successively fractionated using Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and reverse phase and gel permeation HPLC. @entity6 activity was determined using short term incubation of tissue extracts or column fractions with GH3 cells. Crude @entity0 extracts exhibited a strong and dose-dependent @entity6 activity. Upon chromatography, the @entity6 activity from either primary or secondary @entity0 resolved into two classes of compounds: a big @entity6 with an estimated mol wt of 70-80 kilodaltons and two small, very hydrophobic peptides. The elution profiles of the three PRFs differed from those of beta-endorphin, alpha MSH, @entity8 , ACTH, @entity3 , @entity2 , angiotensin II, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, or corticotropin-like intermediate peptide. In summary, we have identified an animal model with @entity4 that has @entity7 and overproduces @entity6 . Two classes of PRFs, big and small, were resolved which differ from @entity8 derivatives and known regulators of PRL release. These data suggest that @entity6 is produced by melanotrophs, but is not a product of the @entity8 gene. The @entity4 should provide an excellent source for the purification and structural elucidation of PRFs.

title: Identification of two classes of prolactin-releasing factors in XXXX from @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Targeted tumorigenesis, using the @entity8 gene promoter ligated to the @entity5 large T antigen, generated @entity1 with massive @entity0 of the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary. Inoculation of @entity1 with the IL @entity0 cells resulted in very large secondary @entity0 . As the IL from several species produces a potent @entity6 ( @entity6 ), it was of interest to determine whether @entity4 from these @entity1 also contain @entity6 . The objectives were to 1) measure serum PRL levels in @entity1 with @entity4 , 2) determine whether these @entity0 contain @entity6 and examine its chromatographic properties, and 3) analyze whether this @entity6 is related to @entity8 , its derivatives, or other PRL secretagogues. Serum PRL levels were 5- to 6-fold higher in transgenic than in control @entity1 . Primary and secondary @entity4 were acid extracted and successively fractionated using Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and reverse phase and gel permeation HPLC. @entity6 activity was determined using short term incubation of tissue extracts or column fractions with GH3 cells. Crude @entity0 extracts exhibited a strong and dose-dependent @entity6 activity. Upon chromatography, the @entity6 activity from either primary or secondary @entity0 resolved into two classes of compounds: a big @entity6 with an estimated mol wt of 70-80 kilodaltons and two small, very hydrophobic peptides. The elution profiles of the three PRFs differed from those of beta-endorphin, alpha MSH, @entity8 , ACTH, @entity3 , @entity2 , angiotensin II, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, or corticotropin-like intermediate peptide. In summary, we have identified an animal model with @entity4 that has @entity7 and overproduces @entity6 . Two classes of PRFs, big and small, were resolved which differ from @entity8 derivatives and known regulators of PRL release. These data suggest that @entity6 is produced by melanotrophs, but is not a product of the @entity8 gene. The @entity4 should provide an excellent source for the purification and structural elucidation of PRFs.

title: Identification of two classes of prolactin-releasing factors in @entity4 from XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Anecdotal reports have suggested that @entity1 may occur if thrombolytic therapy is performed in cases of @entity9 misdiagnosed as acute @entity3 . From 1980 to 1993, 47 cases of myopericarditis mimicking @entity3 have been admitted to our institution. The misdiagnosis was made because of clinical onset characterized by a typical @entity4 , and/or localized ST segment elevation. Since 1987, nine (9/9 males, age 40 +/- 14 years) out of the 47 @entity0 (19%) have been treated with a thrombolytic agent (streptokinase 4/9, rt-PA 5/9) followed by intravenous heparin. This treatment was started during the pre-hospital phase (2/9) and while in hospital (7/9). No pericardial rub was present; ST segment elevation was mainly localized in inferior and lateral leads; no Q wave developed; median @entity5 kinase rise was 268 units (range 38 to 1280), and only one @entity0 had a small pericardial effusion. The mean level of @entity7 after thrombolysis was 1.72 g.l-1 (range 0.10 to 4.50). In all cases, typical ECG changes were present suggesting @entity9 with a subsequent return to a normal ECG. No severe @entity2 or @entity6 occurred; only one @entity0 developed a @entity8 . Cardiac catheterizations (coronary and left ventricular angiographies) were normal when performed (5/9). Long-term follow-up (mean 46 +/- 29 months) was favourable without any coronary events. In conclusion, thrombolytic therapy was uncomplicated in our @entity0 with myopericarditis simulating evolving @entity3 .

title: Outcome after thrombolytic therapy of nine cases of myopericarditis misdiagnosed as XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: A caesarean section (CS) can cause a defect or disruption of the myometrium at the site of the uterine scar, called a niche. In recent years, an association between a niche and @entity3 after a CS has been demonstrated. Hysteroscopic resection of these niches is thought to reduce spotting and @entity2 . However, there are no randomised trials assessing the effectiveness of a hysteroscopic niche resection. METHODS/DESIGN: We planned a multicentre randomised trial comparing hysteroscopic niche resection to no intervention. We study @entity0 with @entity3 after a CS and a niche with a residual myometrium of at least 3  mm during sonohysterography. After informed consent is obtained, eligible @entity0 will be randomly allocated to hysteroscopic resection of the niche or expectant management for 6  months. The primary outcome is the number of days with @entity3 during one menstrual cycle 6  months after randomisation. Secondary outcomes are menstrual characteristics, menstruation related @entity1 and experienced discomfort due to spotting or @entity2 , quality of life, @entity0 satisfaction, sexual function, urological symptoms, medical consultations, medication use, complications, lost productivity and medical costs. Measurements will be performed at baseline and at 3 and 6  months after randomisation. A cost-effectiveness analysis will be performed from a societal perspective at 6  months after randomisation. DISCUSSION: This trial will provide insight in the (cost)effectiveness of hysteroscopic resection of a niche versus expectant management in @entity0 who have @entity3 and a niche with sufficient residual myometrium to perform a hysteroscopic niche resection. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Dutch Trial Register NTR3269 . Registered 1 February 2012. ZonMw Grant number 80-82305-97-12030.

title: The HysNiche trial: hysteroscopic resection of uterine caesarean scar defect (niche) in XXXX with abnormal bleeding, a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the long-term results of @entity2 replacement for @entity3 @entity0 with or without surgical treatment of the ascending aorta. METHODS: A total of 145 @entity3 @entity0 had undergone @entity2 replacement since 1974 at our institution. No surgical treatment (Group-N; n  =  115) was performed in the ascending aorta if the diameter was less than 40  mm. We wrapped an ascending aorta of 40-50  mm with an artificial graft (Group-W; n  =  19), and performed replacement (Group-R; n  =  11) if the ascending aorta measured more than 50  mm. Follow-up was completed for 144 @entity0 (99.3  % of the cases). RESULTS: The hospital mortality rate was 1.4  %. There were no significant differences among Groups N, W and R in the freedom from valve-related @entity1 and @entity1 at 10  years after surgery. The rates of freedom from aorta-related events in the three groups at 10  years after surgery were 98.3  % (Group-N), 100  % (Group-W) and 100  % (Group-R). CONCLUSIONS: The long-term survival was equivalent among the three groups, and the rates of freedom from aorta-related @entity1 or events were low. Our surgical protocol for the treatment of the enlarged ascending aorta associated with BAV is appropriate.

title: Long-term results after treatment of the ascending aorta for XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: We evaluated the long-term results of @entity2 replacement for @entity3 @entity0 with or without surgical treatment of the ascending aorta. METHODS: A total of 145 @entity3 @entity0 had undergone @entity2 replacement since 1974 at our institution. No surgical treatment (Group-N; n  =  115) was performed in the ascending aorta if the diameter was less than 40  mm. We wrapped an ascending aorta of 40-50  mm with an artificial graft (Group-W; n  =  19), and performed replacement (Group-R; n  =  11) if the ascending aorta measured more than 50  mm. Follow-up was completed for 144 @entity0 (99.3  % of the cases). RESULTS: The hospital mortality rate was 1.4  %. There were no significant differences among Groups N, W and R in the freedom from valve-related @entity1 and @entity1 at 10  years after surgery. The rates of freedom from aorta-related events in the three groups at 10  years after surgery were 98.3  % (Group-N), 100  % (Group-W) and 100  % (Group-R). CONCLUSIONS: The long-term survival was equivalent among the three groups, and the rates of freedom from aorta-related @entity1 or events were low. Our surgical protocol for the treatment of the enlarged ascending aorta associated with BAV is appropriate.

title: Long-term results after treatment of the ascending aorta for @entity3 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Accumulation of phosphorylated a-synuclein in neurons and glial cells is a histological hallmark of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Recently, filamentous aggregations of phosphorylated a-synuclein have been reported in the cytoplasm of Schwann cells, but not in axons, in the peripheral nervous system in @entity3 , mainly in the cranial and spinal nerve roots. Here we conducted an immunohistochemical investigation of the cranial and spinal nerves and dorsal root ganglia of @entity0 with @entity1 . Lewy axons were found in the oculomotor, trigeminal and @entity2 , but not in the hypoglossal nerve. The @entity2 were most frequently affected, with involvement in all of 20 subjects. In the spinal nerve roots, Lewy axons were found in all of the cases examined. Lewy axons in the anterior nerves were more frequent and numerous in the thoracic and sacral segments than in the cervical and lumbar segments. On the other hand, axonal lesions in the posterior spinal nerve roots appeared to increase along a cervical-to-sacral gradient. Although Schwann cell cytoplasmic inclusions were found in the spinal nerves, they were only minimal. In the dorsal root ganglia, axonal lesions were seldom evident. These findings indicate that a-synuclein pathology in the peripheral nerves is axonal-predominant in @entity1 , whereas it is restricted to glial cells in @entity3 .

title: a-Synuclein pathology in the cranial and spinal nerves in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Experimental data demonstrate that @entity1 to @entity4 . In the present study the incidence of and risk factors for @entity8 nephrotoxicity were prospectively studied in @entity0 with @entity7 . Two hundred and thirty-seven hospitalized adult @entity0 were classified into three groups. Group I consisted of 84 @entity0 with @entity7 , who received @entity8 ( @entity4 or @entity6 ). Group II consisted of 81 @entity0 with @entity7 , who received either antibiotics other than @entity8 or no antimicrobial therapy. Group III consisted of 72 noncholestatic @entity0 receiving @entity2 for different disorders. Nephrotoxicity developed in 27 @entity0 (32%) in group I vs 9 @entity0 (11%) in group II and 4 @entity0 (5.6%) in group III (p < 0.00001). In group I, a comparison of @entity0 with and without nephrotoxicity revealed significantly higher values in the former for mean serum @entity3 concentration, initial steady-state trough @entity8 concentration and estimated half-life. Stepwise multivariate analysis with nephrotoxicity status as the dependent variable determined that the most significant variable for predicting nephrotoxicity was serum total @entity3 level. In extrahepatic @entity5 a high serum @entity3 level is a distinct factor predisposing to @entity8 nephrotoxicity.

title: XXXX -associated nephrotoxicity in @entity7 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Experimental data demonstrate that @entity1 to @entity4 . In the present study the incidence of and risk factors for @entity8 nephrotoxicity were prospectively studied in @entity0 with @entity7 . Two hundred and thirty-seven hospitalized adult @entity0 were classified into three groups. Group I consisted of 84 @entity0 with @entity7 , who received @entity8 ( @entity4 or @entity6 ). Group II consisted of 81 @entity0 with @entity7 , who received either antibiotics other than @entity8 or no antimicrobial therapy. Group III consisted of 72 noncholestatic @entity0 receiving @entity2 for different disorders. Nephrotoxicity developed in 27 @entity0 (32%) in group I vs 9 @entity0 (11%) in group II and 4 @entity0 (5.6%) in group III (p < 0.00001). In group I, a comparison of @entity0 with and without nephrotoxicity revealed significantly higher values in the former for mean serum @entity3 concentration, initial steady-state trough @entity8 concentration and estimated half-life. Stepwise multivariate analysis with nephrotoxicity status as the dependent variable determined that the most significant variable for predicting nephrotoxicity was serum total @entity3 level. In extrahepatic @entity5 a high serum @entity3 level is a distinct factor predisposing to @entity8 nephrotoxicity.

title: @entity8 -associated nephrotoxicity in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: Temperature/time curves and corresponding CT scans of > 200 regional heat treatments with the @entity2 system BSD-2000 in 43 @entity0 have been analysed. In vivo variables and treatment parameters such as local specific absorption rate @entity3 , local relative @entity3 parallel @entity3 parallel, total power P, local cooling coefficients wb, and local steady-state temperature elevations delta Tss (above systemic temperature) have been determined. For determination of wb the well-known and accepted steady-state approach has been used, which was slightly modified for the purposes of this study. Specifically, comparison of cooling coefficients at the beginning and end of heat treatments were performed in @entity1 and normal tissues. Other variables are anatomical descriptors from CT scans, score of side effects plim, and various clinical factors. A variance analysis of the dependent variables, specifically delta Tss and parallel @entity3 parallel, is performed with respect to factors which were estimated as predictive. The intratumoral steady-state temperature elevations are determined by the perfusion-related cooling coefficients and local @entity3 to almost the same extent. Increase of cooling coefficients in @entity1 during the heat treatment characterizing the thermoregulatory potential have a slight but less important influence with respect to the achieved temperature elevations. @entity3 is influenced by several anatomical factors which determine the relative @entity3 distribution and clinical factors which limit the total power P. However, options for controlling present RHT systems in order to optimize the relative @entity3 distribution or to avoid hot spot phenomena appear limited. Three-dimensional modelling calculations show that the spatial arrangement of electrical interfaces emerging from bone and fat structures limits @entity3 control in available RHT technology and is mainly responsible for local power-dependent discomfort (Wust et al. 1994b). Some conclusions are drawn, about how technological development of @entity2 technology can contribute towards overcoming this problem.

title: Clinical, physiological and anatomical determinants for radiofrequency XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim was to analyse the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients with anti- @entity8 receptor (anti-NMDAR) @entity3 in China. METHODS: A retrospective study of anti-NMDAR @entity3 in China was performed between June 2011 and June 2014. The clinical characteristics and predictors of poor outcome were determined. RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity0 with a definitive diagnosis of anti-NMDAR @entity3 were included in this study. Four of them were surgically confirmed to have a @entity1 . Thirty-two @entity0 , amongst whom 24 were female, presented with @entity2 as the initial symptom, whereas 14 @entity0 , of whom nine were male, presented with @entity4 as the initial symptom (P = 0.011). Twenty-nine @entity0 (56.86%) were initially misdiagnosed with @entity5 , @entity9 or other diseases, and 58.8% of the @entity0 experienced at least one type of complication. It typically took 3 weeks before these @entity0 were admitted to our hospital and another 2 weeks before the correct diagnosis was made. Forty-one @entity0 (80%) reached a good outcome; 10 @entity0 (20%) had a poor outcome. Older age, extended hospital stay, @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity10 , complications and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid results were associated with poor outcome (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Female @entity0 more frequently initially present with @entity2 but male @entity0 more frequently initially present with @entity4 . Patients with anti-NMDAR @entity3 in China have a lower incidence of @entity1 . Nevertheless, this study reveals several challenges in treating anti-NMDAR @entity3 in China that may contribute to poor outcome.

title: Anti- XXXX @entity3 : clinical characteristics, predictors of outcome and the knowledge gap in southwest China.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim was to analyse the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients with anti- @entity8 receptor (anti-NMDAR) @entity3 in China. METHODS: A retrospective study of anti-NMDAR @entity3 in China was performed between June 2011 and June 2014. The clinical characteristics and predictors of poor outcome were determined. RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity0 with a definitive diagnosis of anti-NMDAR @entity3 were included in this study. Four of them were surgically confirmed to have a @entity1 . Thirty-two @entity0 , amongst whom 24 were female, presented with @entity2 as the initial symptom, whereas 14 @entity0 , of whom nine were male, presented with @entity4 as the initial symptom (P = 0.011). Twenty-nine @entity0 (56.86%) were initially misdiagnosed with @entity5 , @entity9 or other diseases, and 58.8% of the @entity0 experienced at least one type of complication. It typically took 3 weeks before these @entity0 were admitted to our hospital and another 2 weeks before the correct diagnosis was made. Forty-one @entity0 (80%) reached a good outcome; 10 @entity0 (20%) had a poor outcome. Older age, extended hospital stay, @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity10 , complications and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid results were associated with poor outcome (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Female @entity0 more frequently initially present with @entity2 but male @entity0 more frequently initially present with @entity4 . Patients with anti-NMDAR @entity3 in China have a lower incidence of @entity1 . Nevertheless, this study reveals several challenges in treating anti-NMDAR @entity3 in China that may contribute to poor outcome.

title: Anti- @entity8 XXXX : clinical characteristics, predictors of outcome and the knowledge gap in southwest China.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of spinal manipulation and pharmaceutical treatment ( @entity6 ) for chronic @entity5 . DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial using two parallel groups. The study consisted of a 2-wk baseline period, a 6-wk treatment period and a 4-wk posttreatment, follow-up period. SETTING: Chiropractic college outpatient clinic. @entity0 : One hundred and fifty @entity0 between the ages of 18 and 70 with a diagnosis of @entity5 of at least 3 months' duration at a frequency of at least once per wk. INTERVENTIONS: 6 wk of spinal manipulative therapy provided by chiropractors or 6 wk of @entity6 treatment managed by a medical physician. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change in @entity0 -reported daily @entity1 intensity, weekly @entity1 frequency, over-the-counter medication usage and functional health status (SF-36). RESULTS: A total of 448 @entity0 responded to the recruitment advertisements; 298 were excluded during the screening process. Of the 150 @entity0 who were enrolled in the study, 24 (16%) dropped out: 5 (6.6%) from the spinal manipulative therapy and 19 (27.1%) from the @entity6 therapy group. During the treatment period, both groups improved at very similar rates in all primary outcomes. In relation to baseline values at 4 wk after cessation of treatment, the spinal manipulation group showed a reduction of 32% in @entity1 intensity, 42% in @entity1 frequency, 30% in over-the-counter medication usage and an improvement of 16% in functional health status. By comparison, the @entity6 therapy group showed no improvement or a slight worsening from baseline values in the same four major outcome measures. Controlling for baseline differences, all group differences at 4 wk after cessation of therapy were considered to be clinically important and were statistically significant. Of the @entity0 who finished the study, 46 (82.1%) in the @entity6 therapy group reported side effects that included drowsiness, @entity4 and @entity3 . Three @entity0 (4.3%) in the spinal manipulation group reported neck soreness and stiffness. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that spinal manipulative therapy is an effective treatment for @entity5 headaches. @entity6 therapy was slightly more effective in reducing @entity2 at the end of the treatment period but was associated with more side effects. Four weeks after the cessation of treatment, however, the @entity0 who received spinal manipulative therapy experienced a sustained therapeutic benefit in all major outcomes in contrast to the @entity0 that received @entity6 therapy, who reverted to baseline values. The sustained therapeutic benefit associated with spinal manipulation seemed to result in a decreased need for over-the-counter medication. There is a need to assess the effectiveness of spinal manipulative therapy beyond four weeks and to compare spinal manipulative therapy to an appropriate placebo such as sham manipulation in future clinical trials.

title: Spinal manipulation vs. XXXX for the treatment of chronic @entity5 : a randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of spinal manipulation and pharmaceutical treatment ( @entity6 ) for chronic @entity5 . DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial using two parallel groups. The study consisted of a 2-wk baseline period, a 6-wk treatment period and a 4-wk posttreatment, follow-up period. SETTING: Chiropractic college outpatient clinic. @entity0 : One hundred and fifty @entity0 between the ages of 18 and 70 with a diagnosis of @entity5 of at least 3 months' duration at a frequency of at least once per wk. INTERVENTIONS: 6 wk of spinal manipulative therapy provided by chiropractors or 6 wk of @entity6 treatment managed by a medical physician. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change in @entity0 -reported daily @entity1 intensity, weekly @entity1 frequency, over-the-counter medication usage and functional health status (SF-36). RESULTS: A total of 448 @entity0 responded to the recruitment advertisements; 298 were excluded during the screening process. Of the 150 @entity0 who were enrolled in the study, 24 (16%) dropped out: 5 (6.6%) from the spinal manipulative therapy and 19 (27.1%) from the @entity6 therapy group. During the treatment period, both groups improved at very similar rates in all primary outcomes. In relation to baseline values at 4 wk after cessation of treatment, the spinal manipulation group showed a reduction of 32% in @entity1 intensity, 42% in @entity1 frequency, 30% in over-the-counter medication usage and an improvement of 16% in functional health status. By comparison, the @entity6 therapy group showed no improvement or a slight worsening from baseline values in the same four major outcome measures. Controlling for baseline differences, all group differences at 4 wk after cessation of therapy were considered to be clinically important and were statistically significant. Of the @entity0 who finished the study, 46 (82.1%) in the @entity6 therapy group reported side effects that included drowsiness, @entity4 and @entity3 . Three @entity0 (4.3%) in the spinal manipulation group reported neck soreness and stiffness. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that spinal manipulative therapy is an effective treatment for @entity5 headaches. @entity6 therapy was slightly more effective in reducing @entity2 at the end of the treatment period but was associated with more side effects. Four weeks after the cessation of treatment, however, the @entity0 who received spinal manipulative therapy experienced a sustained therapeutic benefit in all major outcomes in contrast to the @entity0 that received @entity6 therapy, who reverted to baseline values. The sustained therapeutic benefit associated with spinal manipulation seemed to result in a decreased need for over-the-counter medication. There is a need to assess the effectiveness of spinal manipulative therapy beyond four weeks and to compare spinal manipulative therapy to an appropriate placebo such as sham manipulation in future clinical trials.

title: Spinal manipulation vs. @entity6 for the treatment of chronic XXXX : a randomized clinical trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the various treatment options, including radiotherapy, surgery and chemotherapy, when all @entity0 with @entity2 were assessed and managed by the same team. From December 1, 1979 to December 31, 1985, 144 @entity0 with @entity2 were referred to Westmead Hospital. Eighty-five @entity0 were @entity0 , 59 @entity0 were @entity0 and the median age was 63 years. Twenty-five @entity0 were at stage I, 75 @entity0 were at stage II, 24 @entity0 were at stage III and 20 @entity0 were at stage IV of @entity1 . Forty-two @entity0 underwent surgical resection. Fifty @entity0 underwent radical radiotherapy, 30 @entity0 underwent palliative radiotherapy and 22 @entity0 underwent palliative intubation. The operative mortality of those @entity0 who underwent surgery was zero. The treatment mortality of those who underwent radical radiotherapy was 6%, and for those who underwent palliative radiotherapy, was 16.7%. The mortality after intubation was 12.5%. The prevalence of benign strictures was 7.5% after surgery, 33% after radical radiotherapy and 8% after palliative radiotherapy. The prevalence of @entity1 (recurrent disease) was 2.5% after surgery, 21% after radical radiotherapy and 20% after palliative radiotherapy. The median survival after surgery was 12 months; that after radical radiotherapy, 12 months; that after palliative radiotherapy, six months; and that after intubation, 3.5 months. Where all @entity0 with @entity2 were managed by a team approach the treatment mortality was low but the long-term survival remained poor.

title: XXXX at Westmead Hospital from 1979-1985.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial variables that, in addition to known medical factors, predict the long-term outcome after a first @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 222 @entity0 aged 30-60 years who entered an inpatient rehabilitation program a mean of 7 weeks after a first @entity2 . Medical data and completed questionnaires for psychosocial variables were obtained from the @entity0 and their family physicians at entry to the rehabilitation center and 1 year later. Further data, including answers to a detailed questionnaire, were collected at the beginning of rehabilitation and after one year; this follow-up was 99% complete. RESULTS: The 1-year mortality was 2.2%, the reinfarction rate 1.8%, hospital readmissions for cardiac reasons occurred in 25%, and 13% of the @entity0 underwent a subsequent revascularization procedure. At baseline and after 1 year, respectively, 84 and 83% of the @entity0 were asymptomatic. A poor medical outcome, defined as death, reinfarction, severe symptoms or poor exercise capacity, was seen in 9% of the @entity0 . The most important physiological predictors for an unfavourable medical outcome, found in bivariate and multivariate analyses, were age, severity of @entity3 , and major coronary risk factors. In addition, some of the psychosocial variables were significantly related to a poor medical outcome: lack of a stable partnership, high work load, poor general well-being with multiple chronic non-specific health complaints, and a low external locus of control (failure to identify disease-promoting factors within own surroundings or lifestyle). CONCLUSIONS: The medical course of @entity1 was predicted not only by medical variables but also by psychological and social variables. As well as being addressed directly, these factors may help to identify @entity0 who need to be followed more closely, so that medical complications can be reduced by treating early signs of disease progression more aggressively.

title: Psychosocial factors predict medical outcome following a first XXXX . Working Group on Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Swiss Society of Cardiology.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The functional effects of long-term activation of beta-adrenoceptors were investigated by measuring adenylyl cyclase activity, @entity2 accumulation and @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity in CHW and L cells expressing either @entity0 @entity4 - or @entity1 -adrenoceptors. Pre-incubation of CHW and L cells expressing @entity4 -adrenoceptors with 10 microM @entity5 for 24 h produced a marked reduction in the total receptor number and dramatically reduced the capacity of the receptor to stimulate adenylyl cyclase maximally. In contrast, the ability of @entity1 -adrenoceptors number was observed in L but not in CHW cells. Maximal levels of intracellular @entity2 concentrations were reached during the first hour of receptor activation with @entity5 in all four cell lines. In the absence of phosphodiesterase inhibitors, @entity2 decreased to basal levels within 24 h of continuous stimulation. This phenomenon occurred more rapidly in cells expressing the @entity4 - than the @entity1 -adrenoceptors. These results confirm that, at the level of adenylyl cyclase stimulation and @entity2 accumulation, the @entity6 is more resistant than the @entity3 to long-term desensitization. However, when @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity was considered, a 24 h stimulation of @entity4 - and when @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity was considered, a 24 h stimulation of @entity4 - and @entity1 -adrenoceptor expressing cells led to the desensitization of the kinase in L but not in CHW cells. In conclusion, long-term desensitization may have distinct functional effects on cell signalling depending on the receptor subtype and the cell type considered. These findings might have practical implications for future strategies involving long-term therapies with receptor agonists.

title: Functional effects of long-term activation on @entity0 XXXX - and @entity1 -adrenoceptor signalling.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The functional effects of long-term activation of beta-adrenoceptors were investigated by measuring adenylyl cyclase activity, @entity2 accumulation and @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity in CHW and L cells expressing either @entity0 @entity4 - or @entity1 -adrenoceptors. Pre-incubation of CHW and L cells expressing @entity4 -adrenoceptors with 10 microM @entity5 for 24 h produced a marked reduction in the total receptor number and dramatically reduced the capacity of the receptor to stimulate adenylyl cyclase maximally. In contrast, the ability of @entity1 -adrenoceptors number was observed in L but not in CHW cells. Maximal levels of intracellular @entity2 concentrations were reached during the first hour of receptor activation with @entity5 in all four cell lines. In the absence of phosphodiesterase inhibitors, @entity2 decreased to basal levels within 24 h of continuous stimulation. This phenomenon occurred more rapidly in cells expressing the @entity4 - than the @entity1 -adrenoceptors. These results confirm that, at the level of adenylyl cyclase stimulation and @entity2 accumulation, the @entity6 is more resistant than the @entity3 to long-term desensitization. However, when @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity was considered, a 24 h stimulation of @entity4 - and when @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity was considered, a 24 h stimulation of @entity4 - and @entity1 -adrenoceptor expressing cells led to the desensitization of the kinase in L but not in CHW cells. In conclusion, long-term desensitization may have distinct functional effects on cell signalling depending on the receptor subtype and the cell type considered. These findings might have practical implications for future strategies involving long-term therapies with receptor agonists.

title: Functional effects of long-term activation on @entity0 @entity4 - and XXXX -adrenoceptor signalling.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The functional effects of long-term activation of beta-adrenoceptors were investigated by measuring adenylyl cyclase activity, @entity2 accumulation and @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity in CHW and L cells expressing either @entity0 @entity4 - or @entity1 -adrenoceptors. Pre-incubation of CHW and L cells expressing @entity4 -adrenoceptors with 10 microM @entity5 for 24 h produced a marked reduction in the total receptor number and dramatically reduced the capacity of the receptor to stimulate adenylyl cyclase maximally. In contrast, the ability of @entity1 -adrenoceptors number was observed in L but not in CHW cells. Maximal levels of intracellular @entity2 concentrations were reached during the first hour of receptor activation with @entity5 in all four cell lines. In the absence of phosphodiesterase inhibitors, @entity2 decreased to basal levels within 24 h of continuous stimulation. This phenomenon occurred more rapidly in cells expressing the @entity4 - than the @entity1 -adrenoceptors. These results confirm that, at the level of adenylyl cyclase stimulation and @entity2 accumulation, the @entity6 is more resistant than the @entity3 to long-term desensitization. However, when @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity was considered, a 24 h stimulation of @entity4 - and when @entity2 -dependent protein kinase activity was considered, a 24 h stimulation of @entity4 - and @entity1 -adrenoceptor expressing cells led to the desensitization of the kinase in L but not in CHW cells. In conclusion, long-term desensitization may have distinct functional effects on cell signalling depending on the receptor subtype and the cell type considered. These findings might have practical implications for future strategies involving long-term therapies with receptor agonists.

title: Functional effects of long-term activation on XXXX @entity4 - and @entity1 -adrenoceptor signalling.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Sixty cases with @entity8 over 65 years of age were classified as aged group and were compared with 81 cases (control group) between 50 and 59 years of age. The results obtained are as followed: 1. @entity4 in aged group occur frequently in female (83%) and in internal carotid artery (42%). 2. Cases with "Excellent" operative result in aged group was found significantly lower in ratio (34%) than in control group (59%), which seems attributable to high incidence of their poor results in the cases with serious conditions (Hunt and Kosnik Grade III _ VI) and in those operated early after episode of @entity6 . 3. Symptomatic @entity9 and primary @entity2 due to @entity5 occurred frequently in aged group (22% and 8%, respectively), and are proved to be two major causes of their unfortunate outcome. 4. In aged group difficulty in full enforcement due to @entity1 was considered to make hypervolemia- @entity3 therapy less effective to prevent and improve @entity0 symptoms due to @entity9 . Accordingly, one has to choose such other means as meticulous and almost complete removal of subarachnoid @entity7 in early operation or by some drainage systems. 5. Although the primary @entity2 occurred in similar frequency in both aged and control groups, its recovery was significantly lower in aged group than in the control. Under the sustaining conditions of the primary @entity2 , one should take care of latently progressing intracranial pathology such as @entity9 .

title: [Clinical analysis of 60 aged patients with XXXX ].

answer: @entity8


abstract: Advances in microsurgical techniques combined with a widening interest in same-day surgery led us to investigate ambulatory lumbar discectomy. We could find no precedent in the literature. Ten @entity0 with classic @entity1 confirmed by computed tomography chose to participate. They were aged 31 to 51, seven @entity0 and three @entity0 , in excellent general health. A microsurgical approach through a 25-mm skin incision was performed. The technique emphasized removal of sufficient medial facet to allow excision of the disc with minimal or no root retraction. Once awake in the recovery room, @entity0 were transferred to a separate ambulatory step-down unit. They were discharged only after they had voided, ambulated, taken oral nourishment, and been examined by the surgeon. A visiting nurse checked the @entity0 at home the evening of operation and the next day. All returned to their usual occupation between 3 and 14 days postoperatively. All were satisfied and would choose the outpatient program again. Our experience indicates that ambulatory lumbar microdiscectomy can be a safe, effective option for selected @entity0 .

title: Ambulatory microsurgery for XXXX : report of ten cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed which was specific and sensitive in detecting antibodies to @entity3 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The ELISA antibody titers were correlated with the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) titers. @entity3 propagated in @entity0 histiocyte culture was purified on renografin gradient and the band of the organisms at a density of 1.182 g/ml was used as antigen. ELISA antibody titers were determined through computer assisted analysis, the observed antibody titers were derived by serial serum dilutions and using a resultant standard curve the predicted antibody titers were obtained from a single serum dilution. The standard curve had a correlation coefficient of 0.8975. The observed and predicted antibody titers were in good agreement, as the respective titers fell within a two-fold range. There was a good correlation between ELISA and IFA test results, but the ELISA titers were several times higher. In experimental infections of @entity2 produced with the infected @entity2 whole blood and the Ehrlichia infected macrophage culture, the antibodies were first detected in two weeks and one week postinoculation (PI), respectively. In both cases the titers reached a peak in about 4 weeks PI with a mean titer of 1:16558 and 1:4030, respectively. The antibody titers of the convalescent sera of field cases of @entity1 were comparatively lower than the experimentally infected @entity2 .

title: Detection of serum antibodies against @entity3 in XXXX by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

answer: @entity1


abstract: An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed which was specific and sensitive in detecting antibodies to @entity3 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The ELISA antibody titers were correlated with the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) titers. @entity3 propagated in @entity0 histiocyte culture was purified on renografin gradient and the band of the organisms at a density of 1.182 g/ml was used as antigen. ELISA antibody titers were determined through computer assisted analysis, the observed antibody titers were derived by serial serum dilutions and using a resultant standard curve the predicted antibody titers were obtained from a single serum dilution. The standard curve had a correlation coefficient of 0.8975. The observed and predicted antibody titers were in good agreement, as the respective titers fell within a two-fold range. There was a good correlation between ELISA and IFA test results, but the ELISA titers were several times higher. In experimental infections of @entity2 produced with the infected @entity2 whole blood and the Ehrlichia infected macrophage culture, the antibodies were first detected in two weeks and one week postinoculation (PI), respectively. In both cases the titers reached a peak in about 4 weeks PI with a mean titer of 1:16558 and 1:4030, respectively. The antibody titers of the convalescent sera of field cases of @entity1 were comparatively lower than the experimentally infected @entity2 .

title: Detection of serum antibodies against XXXX in @entity1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The association of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with normal coronary arteries was analyzed prospectively. A series of 128 consecutive @entity0 underwent coronary angiography within 1 week from @entity1 . Seven @entity0 , all females, had no coronary artery lesions and were considered eligible for the study. All 7 @entity0 underwent atrial pacing (10 g/min increments every 2 min), ergonovine testing (E; total dose 0.650 mg i.v.). Great cardiac vein flow (GCVF; thermodilution technique), mean aortic pressure (MAP), anterior coronary resistance (ACR) and myocardial @entity3 extraction [(Lac art-Lac gcv)/Lac art] were measured at baseline and during testing. Pacing-induced typical @entity2 occurred in 5 @entity0 : 4 of them showed concurrent significant (> or = 0.15 mV) ST downsloping. At peak pacing, GCVF increased only by < 50%, or even decreased, in all @entity0 . Baseline @entity3 extraction (0.13 +/- 0.11) changed to @entity3 production (-0.15 +/- 0.10) in 7/7 @entity0 . None of the @entity0 showed focal @entity4 following E. During testing, however, all 7 @entity0 showed decrease in GCVF (110 +/- 47 versus 74 +/- 21; p < 0.005), increase in ACR (0.92 +/- 0.29 versus 1.43 +/- 0.20; p < 0.001), and significant coronary @entity3 production (-0.18 +/- 0.12). Six @entity0 referred slight to moderate @entity2 , which was accompanied by ST downsloping in 4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX with normal coronary vessels: an association with dysfunction of the coronary microcirculation].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Several authors claim that analgesia by low-frequency peripheral nerve stimulation (transcutaneously or through inserted needles) depends on the activation of small-diameter A delta afferents. In the present study, a marked increase in @entity2 threshold assessed by the squeak threshold test (vocalization to electric shocks delivered to the tail) was obtained by 2 Hz sciatic or radial nerve low-intensity stimulation, using single pulses. Conduction velocities of the activated nerve fibers ranged between 33.6 and 46.4 m/sec, which is consistent with activation of large afferent A fibers. This analgesic effect was reversed by @entity4 (3 mg/kg i.v.). Thus, low-threshold afferents may contribute to the analgesic effect in addition to the previously reported high-threshold induced effect. High-intensity stimulation (5-6 times the threshold for visible @entity3 ), activating small-diameter afferents (A delta fibers) resulted in a decrease in @entity2 threshold. @entity5 also resulted from low-intensity stimulation using trains of pulses. The analgesic or @entity5 effects were correlated with the animal's behavior during stimulation. Analgesia was obtained in calm @entity1 , who went to sleep regularly. When the @entity1 showed signs of being distressed, @entity5 resulted. These findings may explain the occasional failure to obtain reduction in @entity2 in anxious @entity0 @entity0 by peripheral stimulation.

title: Analgesia by low-frequency nerve stimulation mediated by low-threshold afferents in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The data needed to develop analytical models of @entity4 transmission have become available only recently. By making some simplifying assumptions, models of the dynamics of the disease in vector, @entity2 and wild @entity0 populations can be constructed in order to determine criteria for successful disease control by mass and targetted chemotherapy, and by vector control. The heterogeneity in transmission due to tsetse @entity1 feeding preferences and the variability of immunological characteristics among the vertebrate hosts account for differences in prevalence of @entity3 . congolense, and also lead to an increase in the basic reproductive rates of the parasites and a corresponding decrease in the vector population density threshold for disease eradication or persistence. The long life-span of the vectors relative to the duration of the parasites' developmental period lead to high infection rates in the vector and high values of R0. The efficacy of chemotherapeutic regimes depends on the relationship between treatment rate and the duration of prophylaxis conferred by the drugs used. The model's predictions of the effects of vector control are shown to be in broad agreement with published field data for Mkwaja Ranch, Tanzania. Vector control programmes are frequently blighted by reinvasion, and the implications of this are discussed in terms of a model for @entity1 immigration. With immigration of vectors, the disease is always endemic, though the infection rate in the @entity1 population is modified by the effect of differential mortalities inside and outside the controlled area on cohorts of incubating flies. Sensitivity analysis of the model, using Monte-Carlo methods, enables an assessment of the relative importance of the parameters to be made. The results emphasize the need for studies of the wild animal reservoir to be carried out alongside entomological surveys. The relative accuracy with which field measurements need to be made in order to minimize the uncertainty in predictions of @entity4 prevalence is discussed.

title: A model of tsetse-transmitted animal XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: To evaluate the therapeutic role of @entity1 (CyA) for the treatment of Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity5 (HSN), 29 @entity0 (18 @entity0 , 11 @entity0 ) with @entity6 -range @entity4 were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age was 8.6  years (range 2.0-15.5  years) at diagnosis of Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura (HSP). All @entity0 had developed the @entity6 -range @entity4 at a mean interval of 4.4  months (range 0-50.7  months) after the diagnosis of HSP. Mean duration of CyA treatment was 12.3  months (range 2.6-55.0  months). Mean follow-up times were 3.7  years (range 1.2-12.9  years) from the beginning of the CyA treatment. @entity2 were tapered off and stopped gradually after initiation of CyA. All @entity0 responded to the CyA treatment within a mean of 1.8  months (range 1  week to 3.5  months). Twenty-three @entity0 achieved stable remission with mean follow-up duration of 3.2  years and 6 @entity0 seemed to become CyA-dependent, since they developed @entity4 when the treatment was stopped. Renal function was preserved in all @entity0 but one who developed @entity3 after poor compliance with CyA. We concluded that CyA treatment for HSN showing @entity6 -range @entity4 is very effective and a safe method, although some @entity0 become CyA-dependent.

title: @entity1 therapy for Henoch-Sch  nlein XXXX with @entity6 -range @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: To evaluate the therapeutic role of @entity1 (CyA) for the treatment of Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity5 (HSN), 29 @entity0 (18 @entity0 , 11 @entity0 ) with @entity6 -range @entity4 were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age was 8.6  years (range 2.0-15.5  years) at diagnosis of Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura (HSP). All @entity0 had developed the @entity6 -range @entity4 at a mean interval of 4.4  months (range 0-50.7  months) after the diagnosis of HSP. Mean duration of CyA treatment was 12.3  months (range 2.6-55.0  months). Mean follow-up times were 3.7  years (range 1.2-12.9  years) from the beginning of the CyA treatment. @entity2 were tapered off and stopped gradually after initiation of CyA. All @entity0 responded to the CyA treatment within a mean of 1.8  months (range 1  week to 3.5  months). Twenty-three @entity0 achieved stable remission with mean follow-up duration of 3.2  years and 6 @entity0 seemed to become CyA-dependent, since they developed @entity4 when the treatment was stopped. Renal function was preserved in all @entity0 but one who developed @entity3 after poor compliance with CyA. We concluded that CyA treatment for HSN showing @entity6 -range @entity4 is very effective and a safe method, although some @entity0 become CyA-dependent.

title: XXXX therapy for Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity5 with @entity6 -range @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: To evaluate the therapeutic role of @entity1 (CyA) for the treatment of Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity5 (HSN), 29 @entity0 (18 @entity0 , 11 @entity0 ) with @entity6 -range @entity4 were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age was 8.6  years (range 2.0-15.5  years) at diagnosis of Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura (HSP). All @entity0 had developed the @entity6 -range @entity4 at a mean interval of 4.4  months (range 0-50.7  months) after the diagnosis of HSP. Mean duration of CyA treatment was 12.3  months (range 2.6-55.0  months). Mean follow-up times were 3.7  years (range 1.2-12.9  years) from the beginning of the CyA treatment. @entity2 were tapered off and stopped gradually after initiation of CyA. All @entity0 responded to the CyA treatment within a mean of 1.8  months (range 1  week to 3.5  months). Twenty-three @entity0 achieved stable remission with mean follow-up duration of 3.2  years and 6 @entity0 seemed to become CyA-dependent, since they developed @entity4 when the treatment was stopped. Renal function was preserved in all @entity0 but one who developed @entity3 after poor compliance with CyA. We concluded that CyA treatment for HSN showing @entity6 -range @entity4 is very effective and a safe method, although some @entity0 become CyA-dependent.

title: @entity1 therapy for Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity5 with XXXX -range @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: To evaluate the therapeutic role of @entity1 (CyA) for the treatment of Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity5 (HSN), 29 @entity0 (18 @entity0 , 11 @entity0 ) with @entity6 -range @entity4 were analyzed retrospectively. Mean age was 8.6  years (range 2.0-15.5  years) at diagnosis of Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura (HSP). All @entity0 had developed the @entity6 -range @entity4 at a mean interval of 4.4  months (range 0-50.7  months) after the diagnosis of HSP. Mean duration of CyA treatment was 12.3  months (range 2.6-55.0  months). Mean follow-up times were 3.7  years (range 1.2-12.9  years) from the beginning of the CyA treatment. @entity2 were tapered off and stopped gradually after initiation of CyA. All @entity0 responded to the CyA treatment within a mean of 1.8  months (range 1  week to 3.5  months). Twenty-three @entity0 achieved stable remission with mean follow-up duration of 3.2  years and 6 @entity0 seemed to become CyA-dependent, since they developed @entity4 when the treatment was stopped. Renal function was preserved in all @entity0 but one who developed @entity3 after poor compliance with CyA. We concluded that CyA treatment for HSN showing @entity6 -range @entity4 is very effective and a safe method, although some @entity0 become CyA-dependent.

title: @entity1 therapy for Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity5 with @entity6 -range XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: We reported the @entity1 in cervical @entity3 . We defined this clinical type by objective superficial sensory deficits of all four distal limbs, and excluded the @entity0 having only subjective @entity1 . Ten out of 61 @entity0 with cervical @entity3 had @entity1 of this type. Two @entity0 noticed difference of the subjective sensations of the upper and lower limbs. Eight @entity0 developed sensory symptoms initially in the upper limbs. Pin-prick sensation was diminished in the upper limbs more predominantly than in the lower limbs. Vibration sense was affected in the lower limbs predominantly. Motor functions were mildly impaired, and muscle stretch reflex of triceps brachii was preserved in all ten @entity0 . Distribution of @entity1 of four @entity0 changed in their course. Nerve conduction studies and F-wave latencies were normal. Electromyography showed mild chronic denervation of the C5-C7 innervated muscles. Somatosensory evoked potentials after median or ulnar nerve stimulation showed delayed latencies or attenuated waveforms of N13 as well as P14 peaks. Spinal cord was compressed mainly at @entity5 intervertebral level, shown by myelography, CT-myelography or magnetic resonance imagings. We conclude that the pseudo- @entity2 type sensory disturbance of cervical @entity3 indicates the lesion at mid-to-low cervical vertebral level. The anatomical substrates for this @entity4 could be caused by combination of the dorsal horn/anterior comissure lesions for the upper limbs, and the anterolateral funiculi lesions for the lower limbs.

title: [The "pseudo- @entity2 " type @entity1 in cervical XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: We reported the @entity1 in cervical @entity3 . We defined this clinical type by objective superficial sensory deficits of all four distal limbs, and excluded the @entity0 having only subjective @entity1 . Ten out of 61 @entity0 with cervical @entity3 had @entity1 of this type. Two @entity0 noticed difference of the subjective sensations of the upper and lower limbs. Eight @entity0 developed sensory symptoms initially in the upper limbs. Pin-prick sensation was diminished in the upper limbs more predominantly than in the lower limbs. Vibration sense was affected in the lower limbs predominantly. Motor functions were mildly impaired, and muscle stretch reflex of triceps brachii was preserved in all ten @entity0 . Distribution of @entity1 of four @entity0 changed in their course. Nerve conduction studies and F-wave latencies were normal. Electromyography showed mild chronic denervation of the C5-C7 innervated muscles. Somatosensory evoked potentials after median or ulnar nerve stimulation showed delayed latencies or attenuated waveforms of N13 as well as P14 peaks. Spinal cord was compressed mainly at @entity5 intervertebral level, shown by myelography, CT-myelography or magnetic resonance imagings. We conclude that the pseudo- @entity2 type sensory disturbance of cervical @entity3 indicates the lesion at mid-to-low cervical vertebral level. The anatomical substrates for this @entity4 could be caused by combination of the dorsal horn/anterior comissure lesions for the upper limbs, and the anterolateral funiculi lesions for the lower limbs.

title: [The "pseudo- XXXX " type @entity1 in cervical @entity3 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: We reported the @entity1 in cervical @entity3 . We defined this clinical type by objective superficial sensory deficits of all four distal limbs, and excluded the @entity0 having only subjective @entity1 . Ten out of 61 @entity0 with cervical @entity3 had @entity1 of this type. Two @entity0 noticed difference of the subjective sensations of the upper and lower limbs. Eight @entity0 developed sensory symptoms initially in the upper limbs. Pin-prick sensation was diminished in the upper limbs more predominantly than in the lower limbs. Vibration sense was affected in the lower limbs predominantly. Motor functions were mildly impaired, and muscle stretch reflex of triceps brachii was preserved in all ten @entity0 . Distribution of @entity1 of four @entity0 changed in their course. Nerve conduction studies and F-wave latencies were normal. Electromyography showed mild chronic denervation of the C5-C7 innervated muscles. Somatosensory evoked potentials after median or ulnar nerve stimulation showed delayed latencies or attenuated waveforms of N13 as well as P14 peaks. Spinal cord was compressed mainly at @entity5 intervertebral level, shown by myelography, CT-myelography or magnetic resonance imagings. We conclude that the pseudo- @entity2 type sensory disturbance of cervical @entity3 indicates the lesion at mid-to-low cervical vertebral level. The anatomical substrates for this @entity4 could be caused by combination of the dorsal horn/anterior comissure lesions for the upper limbs, and the anterolateral funiculi lesions for the lower limbs.

title: [The "pseudo- @entity2 " type XXXX in cervical @entity3 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 64-year-old right-handed @entity0 was admitted because of increasing clumsiness of the right hand and difficulty in walking since 8 months earlier. The WAIS revealed verbal IQ 124, performance IQ 104 and full scale IQ 115. Neurological examination revealed slight @entity9 and @entity7 . The right upper extremity showed Gegenhalten, @entity4 , @entity8 , marked grasp reflex, grasping and groping behavior. @entity6 were slow and clumsy on the right side. However, neither ideational nor ideomotor apraxia was observed. Tendon reflexes were slightly exaggerated on the right side. Plantar responses were normal. The @entity0 had difficulty in initiating forward walking and turning movements. Once started, he walked dragging his right foot ahead of the left with short steps. A line on the floor was of no benefit. He could not stride across the line on the floor in front of him. Analysis of gait with floor reaction force revealed that the single step rhythm of his frozen gait was about 1.5 Hz, which contrasted with the high frequency seen in @entity2 . MRI demonstrated @entity3 of the frontal and parietal lobes on both sides. 123I-IMP single-photon emission CT demonstrated severe hypoperfusion of the left frontal and parietal lobes. Frozen or shuffling gait is a popular symptom as well as unsteady gait and tendency to fall in @entity5 . It may result from @entity1 . Lack of improvement in freezing by the visual input contrasts with @entity2 and may be related to dysfunction of the mesial part of the frontal lobe or the parietal lobe involved in @entity5 .

title: [Analysis of gait disturbance in a @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: A 64-year-old right-handed @entity0 was admitted because of increasing clumsiness of the right hand and difficulty in walking since 8 months earlier. The WAIS revealed verbal IQ 124, performance IQ 104 and full scale IQ 115. Neurological examination revealed slight @entity9 and @entity7 . The right upper extremity showed Gegenhalten, @entity4 , @entity8 , marked grasp reflex, grasping and groping behavior. @entity6 were slow and clumsy on the right side. However, neither ideational nor ideomotor apraxia was observed. Tendon reflexes were slightly exaggerated on the right side. Plantar responses were normal. The @entity0 had difficulty in initiating forward walking and turning movements. Once started, he walked dragging his right foot ahead of the left with short steps. A line on the floor was of no benefit. He could not stride across the line on the floor in front of him. Analysis of gait with floor reaction force revealed that the single step rhythm of his frozen gait was about 1.5 Hz, which contrasted with the high frequency seen in @entity2 . MRI demonstrated @entity3 of the frontal and parietal lobes on both sides. 123I-IMP single-photon emission CT demonstrated severe hypoperfusion of the left frontal and parietal lobes. Frozen or shuffling gait is a popular symptom as well as unsteady gait and tendency to fall in @entity5 . It may result from @entity1 . Lack of improvement in freezing by the visual input contrasts with @entity2 and may be related to dysfunction of the mesial part of the frontal lobe or the parietal lobe involved in @entity5 .

title: [Analysis of gait disturbance in a XXXX with @entity5 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 using a multibreath estimate of @entity1 (TI) was measured before and after @entity5 in twenty @entity0 with reversible airflow limitation. The effective breathholding time was calculated by four methods due respectively to Ogilvie and colleagues as modified by the American @entity4 Society (ATS), ATS Epidemiological Standardization Project (ESP), Jones and Meade in which allowance was made for the time of sample collection and a simplified method in which the allowance for sampling was in terms of volume, not time. Two @entity0 could perform the test procedure only after @entity5 . Amongst the remainder the transfer factor calculated using a single-breath estimate of @entity1 (TI') was on average 12% less than TI. @entity2 transfer coefficient (KCO), TI and TI' were highest by the ESP method and lowest by the Ogilvie method. Inhalation of @entity5 (200 gamma) did not affect TI' by any method or TI and KCO by the Jones and Meade method but results by the other methods were reduced; in the case of the modified Ogilvie method the reduction was 3.9%. This error was due to overestimation of effective breathholding time by neglecting the reduction of 39% which occurred in the time of sample collection. The time of inspiration was unchanged whilst the time of deadspace washout was reduced by 16%. After bronchodilatation the absence of a change in TI' was due to the overestimation of effective breathholding time being offset by an increase in the proportion of @entity1 measured by the single-breath procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Measurement technique influences the response of transfer factor (TICO) to XXXX in @entity0 with airflow limitation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity3 using a multibreath estimate of @entity1 (TI) was measured before and after @entity5 in twenty @entity0 with reversible airflow limitation. The effective breathholding time was calculated by four methods due respectively to Ogilvie and colleagues as modified by the American @entity4 Society (ATS), ATS Epidemiological Standardization Project (ESP), Jones and Meade in which allowance was made for the time of sample collection and a simplified method in which the allowance for sampling was in terms of volume, not time. Two @entity0 could perform the test procedure only after @entity5 . Amongst the remainder the transfer factor calculated using a single-breath estimate of @entity1 (TI') was on average 12% less than TI. @entity2 transfer coefficient (KCO), TI and TI' were highest by the ESP method and lowest by the Ogilvie method. Inhalation of @entity5 (200 gamma) did not affect TI' by any method or TI and KCO by the Jones and Meade method but results by the other methods were reduced; in the case of the modified Ogilvie method the reduction was 3.9%. This error was due to overestimation of effective breathholding time by neglecting the reduction of 39% which occurred in the time of sample collection. The time of inspiration was unchanged whilst the time of deadspace washout was reduced by 16%. After bronchodilatation the absence of a change in TI' was due to the overestimation of effective breathholding time being offset by an increase in the proportion of @entity1 measured by the single-breath procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Measurement technique influences the response of transfer factor (TICO) to @entity5 in XXXX with airflow limitation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has not significantly declined over the past 50 years, and overall survival rates are low at 5 years following diagnosis. Numerous studies have shown low serum @entity2 to be a poor prognostic indicator of all cause mortality in @entity1 @entity0 . HYPOTHESIS: The goal of this hypothesis was to validate if @entity3 is an important predictor of mortality in an outpatient population of @entity1 @entity0 on maximal combined angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and b-blocker therapy. METHODS: A total of 364 (13% with @entity3 ) @entity0 with @entity1 (ejection fraction [EF]  <= 40%) were enrolled in a @entity1 disease management program. The mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) class was II.XII. The average baseline serum @entity2 was 138.2 mEq/L. RESULTS: We evaluated the relationship between @entity3 (<135 mEq/L) and all-cause mortality at 40 months. During follow-up, 8 @entity0 in the @entity3 group compared to 31 in the normonatremic group died. Results of Kaplan-Meier analyses indicated there were no significant differences in mortality between the @entity3 and normonatremic groups (log-rank test = 0.39). Results for Cox proportional hazards models indicated low @entity2 was not a significant predictor of mortality (unadjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65, 3.07; adjusted OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.57, 4.53). CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between @entity3 and all-cause mortality did not reach significance. @entity3 did not significantly predict mortality in a @entity1 population on maximal medical therapy. Copyright    2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Low serum @entity2 as a poor prognostic indicator for mortality in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has not significantly declined over the past 50 years, and overall survival rates are low at 5 years following diagnosis. Numerous studies have shown low serum @entity2 to be a poor prognostic indicator of all cause mortality in @entity1 @entity0 . HYPOTHESIS: The goal of this hypothesis was to validate if @entity3 is an important predictor of mortality in an outpatient population of @entity1 @entity0 on maximal combined angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and b-blocker therapy. METHODS: A total of 364 (13% with @entity3 ) @entity0 with @entity1 (ejection fraction [EF]  <= 40%) were enrolled in a @entity1 disease management program. The mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) class was II.XII. The average baseline serum @entity2 was 138.2 mEq/L. RESULTS: We evaluated the relationship between @entity3 (<135 mEq/L) and all-cause mortality at 40 months. During follow-up, 8 @entity0 in the @entity3 group compared to 31 in the normonatremic group died. Results of Kaplan-Meier analyses indicated there were no significant differences in mortality between the @entity3 and normonatremic groups (log-rank test = 0.39). Results for Cox proportional hazards models indicated low @entity2 was not a significant predictor of mortality (unadjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65, 3.07; adjusted OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.57, 4.53). CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between @entity3 and all-cause mortality did not reach significance. @entity3 did not significantly predict mortality in a @entity1 population on maximal medical therapy. Copyright    2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Low serum XXXX as a poor prognostic indicator for mortality in @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has not significantly declined over the past 50 years, and overall survival rates are low at 5 years following diagnosis. Numerous studies have shown low serum @entity2 to be a poor prognostic indicator of all cause mortality in @entity1 @entity0 . HYPOTHESIS: The goal of this hypothesis was to validate if @entity3 is an important predictor of mortality in an outpatient population of @entity1 @entity0 on maximal combined angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and b-blocker therapy. METHODS: A total of 364 (13% with @entity3 ) @entity0 with @entity1 (ejection fraction [EF]  <= 40%) were enrolled in a @entity1 disease management program. The mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) class was II.XII. The average baseline serum @entity2 was 138.2 mEq/L. RESULTS: We evaluated the relationship between @entity3 (<135 mEq/L) and all-cause mortality at 40 months. During follow-up, 8 @entity0 in the @entity3 group compared to 31 in the normonatremic group died. Results of Kaplan-Meier analyses indicated there were no significant differences in mortality between the @entity3 and normonatremic groups (log-rank test = 0.39). Results for Cox proportional hazards models indicated low @entity2 was not a significant predictor of mortality (unadjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65, 3.07; adjusted OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 0.57, 4.53). CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between @entity3 and all-cause mortality did not reach significance. @entity3 did not significantly predict mortality in a @entity1 population on maximal medical therapy. Copyright    2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Low serum @entity2 as a poor prognostic indicator for mortality in @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluated treatment and outcome of @entity0 with @entity3 at a teaching institution. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective chart review over a 44-month period at a university hospital. @entity0 AND MEASUREMENTS: Charts of @entity0 with a hospital discharge diagnosis of @entity3 were reviewed. Age, symptoms, @entity1 use, @entity2 etiology, culture results, number of loculations, date and success of each procedure, length of hospital stay, and hospital discharge status were recorded for each @entity0 . Success of procedure, recovery time, time between procedures, and total hospitalization time were compared between procedures and between subgroups. RESULTS: Charts from 43 @entity0 were reviewed. Twenty-four of 43 (56%) cases were @entity2 . Forty of 43 (93%) @entity0 had symptoms attributable to their @entity2 , with fever being the most common (65%). Seventy-nine procedures were needed to treat the 43 @entity0 (1.84 procedures per @entity0 ). Success rates ranged from 11% (3/27) for tube thoracostomy to 95% (21/22) for decortication (p = 0.0001). Delay between procedures averaged 6.2 +/- 1.1 (mean +/- SEM) days between the first and second procedure (n = 27), and 10.4 +/- 5.1 days between the second and third procedure (n = 8). Mean recovery after successful intervention ranged from 9 to 19.3 days depending on the procedure (p = NS). Comparisons between multiloculated and uniloculated empyemas, @entity2 , and culture proven and biochemically proven empyemas showed no significant difference in procedure success rates or length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Multiple therapeutic options exist for the treatment of @entity3 . Optimal therapy requires selection of the most appropriate first procedure for each @entity0 with early postprocedure imaging to avoid inordinate delays between interventions.

title: XXXX thoracis. Therapeutic management and outcome.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The relation between the way of @entity2 detection and @entity2 stage was studied in 2511 cases of @entity0 @entity1 . 85.0% of those @entity1 discovered @entity2 by themselves. 12.7% of the @entity3 were detected through the screening program (used in FRG). It was found that there exists a clear dependence between the @entity2 stage and the kind of diagnosis finding. When the @entity0 was detected by the @entity1 herself--in spite of attending regularly the above mentioned screening program--it showed that 16.1% had a small, favourable @entity2 up to 1.0 cm, in 39.8% a rest- @entity2 and in 48.1% axillary metastases were found. In cases diagnosed through the screening program the number of small @entity3 amounted to 21.4%, a rest- @entity2 frequency was 30.5%, and the axilla was afflicted in 25.6%. When the @entity2 was detected only on account of mammography, 47.7% of the @entity1 had a small @entity2 up to a size of 1.0 cm and 89.7% of the @entity1 had no axillary metastases. The results of the study show that the sensitivity of palpation and inspection is insufficient in the search for @entity0 . By including the mammography the efficiency of the screening programs is significantly improved. A routine mammography as a part of the screening program on the one hand makes the diagnosis "no @entity2 " more reliable, and the earlier detection of @entity0 on the other hand statistically renders the chances of healing significantly more favourable.

title: [Significance of mammography study in the detection of 2,511 XXXX 1977 to 1987].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECT: The aim of this study was to describe the surgical technique used for @entity7 in the authors' practice and to review the operative outcome. METHODS: Review of the senior author's practice between 1994 and 2009 revealed 39 @entity0 (mean age 48 years) eligible for this study. Clinical presentation, surgical technique, postoperative outcome, and follow-up data are presented. Surgical technique is detailed, with an emphasis on aggressive removal consisting of drilling of the @entity6 sphenoid bone, orbital wall, and anterior clinoid process, followed by @entity1 removal and a wide resection of the involved dura. A simple dural closure without reconstruction of the orbital roof or the lateral wall of the orbit is also described. RESULTS: Gross-total resection was achieved in 15 cases (38.5%), near-total resection with small residual in the cavernous sinus or periorbita in 20 cases (51.3%), and subtotal resection in 4 cases (10.3%). @entity4 included trigeminal hypesthesia in 9 @entity0 [corrected], oculomotor palsy in 3 @entity0 [corrected], and @entity5 in 2 @entity0 . Seven @entity0 had recurrence within the mean follow-up period of 40.7 months [corrected]. Preoperative @entity3 were present in 21 @entity0 (53.8%). Of these, 14 (66.7%) experienced visual recovery to normal levels postoperatively.Statistical analyses revealed @entity3 and @entity8 as an independent risk factor and an independent favorable factor, respectively, for a favorable visual outcome. @entity9 was resolved ( <= 2 mm) in 73.5% of the authors' @entity0 . No @entity0 had @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: In the authors' practice, surgery for @entity7 consists of resection of the orbital/sphenoid intraosseous, intraorbital, and intradural @entity1 components. The authors believe that aggressive removal of the orbital/sphenoid @entity1 is critical for a favorable visual outcome and @entity1 control. Furthermore, satisfactory cosmetic results can be achieved with simple reconstruction techniques as described.

title: XXXX : surgical technique and outcome.

answer: @entity7


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: The bark of Alnus species has long been used in traditional oriental medicine in the treatment of many pathological conditions, including fever, @entity11 , @entity8 , @entity12 , various @entity7 (e.g. chronic herpes, @entity10 and @entity14 ), and @entity1 . In order to assess the immunomodulatory efficacy of a novel herbal medicine in treating @entity9 , we measured serum levels of several @entity2 and inflammatory biomarkers in NC/Nga @entity0 before and after treatment with this experimental agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gene and protein expression analyses of @entity16 and @entity15 were quantified by real time PCR and Western blot analysis and serum levels of @entity3 were also measured by ELISA, all of which were reduced after treatment with the experimental agent. Additionally, serum concentrations of IgE and blood eosinophil counts were reduced in treated @entity0 . RESULTS: The topical application of leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica suppressed the development of @entity6 -like @entity7 . The percent of blood eosinophils was decreased after treatment with leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica. The serum IgE and @entity5 -related cytokine levels were decreased after treatment with leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica compared with those treated with base cream (vehicle treated @entity6 group). The @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity13 were lower than those of vehicle treated @entity6 group. CONCLUSIONS: We contend that leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica may prove useful in the treatment of @entity9 and other @entity2 @entity7 , although more in-depth clinical studies are necessary before clinical implementation.

title: Effect of Alnus japonica extract on a model of XXXX in NC/Nga @entity0 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: The bark of Alnus species has long been used in traditional oriental medicine in the treatment of many pathological conditions, including fever, @entity11 , @entity8 , @entity12 , various @entity7 (e.g. chronic herpes, @entity10 and @entity14 ), and @entity1 . In order to assess the immunomodulatory efficacy of a novel herbal medicine in treating @entity9 , we measured serum levels of several @entity2 and inflammatory biomarkers in NC/Nga @entity0 before and after treatment with this experimental agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gene and protein expression analyses of @entity16 and @entity15 were quantified by real time PCR and Western blot analysis and serum levels of @entity3 were also measured by ELISA, all of which were reduced after treatment with the experimental agent. Additionally, serum concentrations of IgE and blood eosinophil counts were reduced in treated @entity0 . RESULTS: The topical application of leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica suppressed the development of @entity6 -like @entity7 . The percent of blood eosinophils was decreased after treatment with leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica. The serum IgE and @entity5 -related cytokine levels were decreased after treatment with leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica compared with those treated with base cream (vehicle treated @entity6 group). The @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity13 were lower than those of vehicle treated @entity6 group. CONCLUSIONS: We contend that leaf and bark extract from Alnus japonica may prove useful in the treatment of @entity9 and other @entity2 @entity7 , although more in-depth clinical studies are necessary before clinical implementation.

title: Effect of Alnus japonica extract on a model of @entity9 in NC/Nga XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: From December 1990 to December 1993, 130 @entity0 who had a lesion localized to the spinal cord were admitted to the Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa. These @entity0 accounted for 18.0% of all neurological admission to this department. The male/male female ratio was 1:8:1; the mean age was 40 years for these @entity0 ; 52% were from Addis Ababa City and 48% of them were coming from the rest of the country. Paraparesis or @entity4 (77%) and @entity7 or @entity7 (23%) were the commonest presenting complaints. Sensory level, @entity8 and bedsores were found in 70%, 54% and 14% of the cases respectively. @entity6 was found to be the leading cause accounting for 35 (26.9%), and @entity10 @entity5 was the second common type accounting for 22 (16.9%) of @entity5 . Metastatic @entity9 , tropical @entity11 , (progressive @entity9 ), @entity12 , primary @entity1 and @entity13 were also not uncommon. Death related to @entity3 or other causes were documented in 14 (10.8%). Follow-up was arranged on discharge, and only 45 (38.8%) @entity0 were able to attend at least once the neurology referral clinic. @entity5 is an important @entity2 and currently @entity10 associated @entity5 has become the second important presumed cause.

title: XXXX in Ethiopia.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Experimental wister @entity1 were fed on coix-mixed diet for 30 days in a view to study the effect of Coix feeding on the state of haemostatic mechanisms. Blood plasma which was obtained after cardiac puncture was analyzed for fibrinogen levels, euglobulin lysis time, fibrinolytic activity by protamin @entity2 degradation and inhibitors of plasmin. These experimental models were set with a view to analyze situations mimicking processes associated with haemostasis and interpolate such situations in changes associated with the development of @entity3 . To study the plasma fibrinogen levels in experimental and control animals, spectrophotometric method was applied. Feeding the animals with coix-pellets mixed diet caused a decrease in fibrinogen levels as compared with controls. An overall decrease of this plasma protein was observed in both sexes. It was shown that euglobulin lysis time (ELT) was insignificantly changed in the experimental animals. However, fibrinolytic activity by degradation of protamin @entity2 showed an increased fibrinolytic potential in experimental animals. In the same experimental models the analysis for the activity of inhibitors of plasmin showed no significant differences in mean values. It was found that coix has got vital nutritional value in lowering fibrinogen levels while at the same time creating a tendency of reducing fibrinolytic activity. More experiments should be conducted to show the possible mechanisms by which the observations can affect the development of @entity3 in @entity0 .

title: The effect on fibrinolytic system of blood plasma of Wister XXXX after feeding them with Coix mixed diet.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previously we demonstrated the safety and patency of a magnetic compression @entity2 (magnamosis). We present the further development of this technique, with specific focus on optimizing device design for minimally invasive magnamosis. STUDY DESIGN: The magnamosis device was designed to incorporate 3 features: 2 convex-concave radially symmetric halves that magnetically self-align, a central channel for immediate patency, and specially engineered radial topography of the mating surfaces to promote gradual remodeling. Each symmetrical half consists of a ring-shaped neodymium- @entity1 - @entity5 magnet encased in polycarbonate casing. Twenty-one young adult @entity4 underwent either magnetic gastrojejunostomy (n = 13) or jejunojejunostomy (n = 8). Animals were euthanized at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks after operation. Anastomoses were studied with contrast radiography, burst pressure, and histology. RESULTS: Gastrojejunostomy: In all animals with successful placement of magnets, anastomoses were patent by contrast fluoroscopy, well healed by histologic examination, and showed excellent burst strength. Jejunojejunostomy: All animals had uneventful clinical courses, indicating that the magnamosis with immediate patency functioned properly without @entity3 . At sacrifice, all magnamoses were patent, well healed by histology, and had burst strengths that equaled or exceeded that of traditional stapled anastomoses. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive placement of a custom magnetic device in the stomach and jejunum allows intraluminal self-alignment and subsequent compression @entity2 over 3 to 10 days. The magnamosis is immediately patent and develops strength equal to or greater than that of hand-sewn or stapled anastomoses. Magnamosis is effective in the @entity4 model, and may be a safe, effective, and minimally invasive alternative to current anastomotic strategies in @entity0 .

title: Magnamosis II: Magnetic compression XXXX for minimally invasive gastrojejunostomy and jejunojejunostomy.

answer: @entity2