abstract: BACKGROUND: With regard to the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) procedure in @entity0 , the study analyzed the impact of discrepancies between the number of clinically and histologically identified @entity1 , the impact of removing additional non-hot/non-blue but clinically conspicuous @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and whether the application of blue dye for mapping is necessary. METHODS: We analyzed 391 @entity1 procedures in which 928 @entity1 were removed. In all cases, radiolabeled colloid and blue dye were used for @entity1 mapping. RESULTS: In 60 cases (15.3%), additional @entity1 that were not identified by the surgeon were found by histological examination. In 22 cases (5.3%), tissue which clinically resembled an @entity1 but was histologically connective tissue, was removed. In 76 cases (19.4%), 133 non-hot/non-blue but clinically conspicuous @entity1 were removed. These additionally removed @entity1 , however, did not alter the axillary staging. In 50.8% of the cases (n = 471), the @entity1 were marked only by radiolabeled colloid. In 27 cases (2.9%), the surgeon identified the @entity1 through blue coloration alone; however, in all of the latter cases, these @entity1 were not deciding for axillary staging. CONCLUSION: The mapping agents may accumulate in axillary tissue and mimic the existence of an @entity1 . The radiolabeled colloid method alone gives excellent mapping results. The additional application of blue dye is avoidable. Exact surgical preparation enables removal of the @entity1 only and avoids removal of @entity1 -containing adjacent tissue. The removal of further clinically identifiable enlarged non-hot @entity1 should only be done if there is strong suspicion of metastatic involvement.

title: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in primary XXXX : trust the radiolabeled colloid method and avoid unnecessary procedures.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation after an intrastromal femtosecond laser procedure to treat @entity2 using a theoretic approach. SETTING: International Vision Correction Research Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. DESIGN: Nonrandomized clinical trial. METHODS: Preoperatively and 12 months after intrastromal femtosecond laser treatment (IntraCor) of @entity2 , biometry was performed by partial coherence interferometry (PCI) (IOLMaster). The postoperative keratometry (K) values and IOL power calculation formulas (Holladay I, Haigis, @entity1 /T, Hoffer Q) were compared with results derived from the clinical history method, taking the manifest refraction change into account. RESULTS: The study enrolled 25 @entity0 (median age 54 years). Three eyes were excluded for age-related lens changes. The median spherical equivalent change in the other 22 eyes was -0.38 diopter (D). The median difference in K values between the clinical history method and PCI was -0.21 D, resulting in a median IOL power difference between -0.23 D ( @entity1 /T) and -0.29 D (Haigis) (range -1.58 to +1.00 D). The IOL power was underestimated in 59.1% of cases with the Hoffer Q and 63.6% of cases with the Holladay I, Haigis, and @entity1 /T. There was a difference of   0.75 D in 72.7% of eyes using the Holladay I, Haigis, and Hoffer Q and in 86.4% of eyes using the @entity1 /T. Neither K values nor IOL power differences were statistically significant (P > .17). CONCLUSION: Intraocular lens power calculation using modern standard formulas incorporated in a PCI biometry device after intrastromal femtosecond @entity2 treatment was reliable, with minimum underestimation on average.

title: Intraocular lens power calculation after intrastromal femtosecond laser treatment for XXXX : Theoretic approach.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is a disease that affects primarily @entity0 , but can also occur in @entity0 . It is characterized by a loss of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and often culminates in a @entity5 of the hip, wrist, and/or vertebrae. The diagnosis of @entity2 is often made by using bone density measurements. They are often expressed in relative terms (T-scores and Z-scores); the Z-score is the number of standard deviations from the age-matched average value of healthy @entity0 . A low Z-score indicates the bone density is lower than it should be for a @entity0 's age and sex. @entity2 is defined as a @entity7 .5 standard deviations or more below the established mean. @entity2 can be treated by a variety of methods, the most common being the use of @entity4 , with or without @entity9 or @entity8 . The use of @entity4 alone is referred to as @entity4 replacement therapy (ERT), and the combination hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Other drugs used in the treatment of @entity2 are the selective @entity4 receptor modulators (SERMs) and the @entity3 . The SERMs appear to offer many of the positive benefits of @entity4 with fewer adverse effects on the breast or uterus. Recently, a randomized, double blind study of nearly 3,000 @entity0 found no overall benefit in reducing @entity6 for those taking @entity4 . In fact, in the first year of @entity4 use, @entity6 was higher in this group than in those taking placebo. The relationship between systemic @entity1 and periodontal status has been investigated. In some @entity0 , there is a correlation between a decrease of mandibular bone mass and @entity12 . In others, there is no such correlation. Those postmenopausal @entity0 taking HRT had greater tooth retention and a reduced likelihood of edentulism. A recent study has found no correlation between clinical attachment levels and the @entity1 of the lumbar spine. Many possible factors contribute to the development of @entity2 and @entity10 . It is difficult to establish a direct correlation between @entity12 , @entity7 , and loss of attachment resulting from @entity11 and decreased @entity1 associated with @entity2 , but studies are ongoing.

title: XXXX : a review and its dental implications.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Previous studies have reported that @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) show, in the "off medication" state, a reduced activation of tibialis anterior (TA) in the late swing-early stance phase of the gait cycle. In @entity1 @entity0 the pathophysiological picture may cause differences among the stride cycles. Our aims were to evaluate how frequently TA activity is reduced in the late swing-early stance phase and if there is a relationship between the TA pattern and the clinical picture. Thirty @entity1 @entity0 were studied 2 h after Levodopa administration ("on-med") and 12 h after Levodopa wash-out ("off-med"). They were evaluated by the Unified @entity1 Rating Scale (UPDRS III) and surface electromyography of TA and gastrocnemius medialis (GM). The root mean square (RMS) of the TA activity in late swing-early stance phase (RMS-A) was normalized as a percent of the RMS of the TA activity in late stance-early swing (RMS-B). RMS-A was reduced in 30% of @entity0 in the "off-med" condition. Within these @entity0 , the percentage of stride cycles with reduced RMS-A, ranged between 28% and 83%. After Levodopa intake, no stride cycle showed reduced RMS-A. @entity0 with reduced RMS-A had a lower UPDRS III total score in the "on-med" rather than in the "off-med" condition (p=0.02). Our data confirm and extend previous observations indicating that, in "off-med" the function of TA is impaired in those @entity0 clinically more responsive to Levodopa. TA activation is reduced in a relatively high percent of gait cycles in the "off-med" state. Since the variability of TA activation disappears after Levodopa administration, this phenomenon could be the expression of an abnormal dopaminergic drive.

title: Levodopa effect on electromyographic activation patterns of tibialis anterior muscle during walking in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 is a @entity2 characterized by impaired @entity3 handling in the renal tubules. @entity0 are usually asymptomatic; however, some may experience @entity6 and/or @entity4 . Most of the described @entity0 (compound heterozygous and/or homozygous) are Japanese with mutations in the @entity9 gene (OMIM #220150). Four @entity0 with @entity1 caused by heterozygous defects and two families with homozygous mutations in the @entity10 gene have been recently described (OMIM #612076). We describe the clinical history, biochemical and molecular genetics findings of a Czech family with @entity1 . The concentration of serum @entity3 in the proband (16-year-old Czech @entity0 with unrelated parents) was 0.17    0.05 mg/dl and expressed as an increase in the fractional excretion of @entity3 (194    99%). The sequencing analysis of the coding region of @entity3 transporters @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity12 , @entity13 and @entity8 , was performed. Analysis of genomic DNA revealed novel one @entity7 homozygote insertion in exon 3 in the @entity10 gene in proband and her brother resulting in a truncated protein ( @entity14 ). No sequence variants in other candidate @entity3 transporter were found. Homozygous loss-of-function mutations cause massive @entity1 via total loss of @entity3 absorption; however, they do not necessarily lead to @entity5 and @entity4 . In contrast to previously reported heterozygous @entity0 with @entity1 , we did not find even slight @entity11 and found no decrease in the FE-UA of the heterozygous parents of the reported siblings.

title: Novel homozygous insertion in @entity10 gene caused XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 is a @entity2 characterized by impaired @entity3 handling in the renal tubules. @entity0 are usually asymptomatic; however, some may experience @entity6 and/or @entity4 . Most of the described @entity0 (compound heterozygous and/or homozygous) are Japanese with mutations in the @entity9 gene (OMIM #220150). Four @entity0 with @entity1 caused by heterozygous defects and two families with homozygous mutations in the @entity10 gene have been recently described (OMIM #612076). We describe the clinical history, biochemical and molecular genetics findings of a Czech family with @entity1 . The concentration of serum @entity3 in the proband (16-year-old Czech @entity0 with unrelated parents) was 0.17    0.05 mg/dl and expressed as an increase in the fractional excretion of @entity3 (194    99%). The sequencing analysis of the coding region of @entity3 transporters @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity12 , @entity13 and @entity8 , was performed. Analysis of genomic DNA revealed novel one @entity7 homozygote insertion in exon 3 in the @entity10 gene in proband and her brother resulting in a truncated protein ( @entity14 ). No sequence variants in other candidate @entity3 transporter were found. Homozygous loss-of-function mutations cause massive @entity1 via total loss of @entity3 absorption; however, they do not necessarily lead to @entity5 and @entity4 . In contrast to previously reported heterozygous @entity0 with @entity1 , we did not find even slight @entity11 and found no decrease in the FE-UA of the heterozygous parents of the reported siblings.

title: Novel homozygous insertion in XXXX gene caused @entity1 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess @entity0 -reported efficacy and safety of @entity3 in Japanese @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. After a placebo lead-in period, 987 adults with @entity1 received @entity3 8 mg or placebo once daily for 2 weeks, followed by a placebo run-out period to monitor rebound @entity1 . @entity0 -reported sleep data were collected using sleep diaries. RESULTS: @entity3 significantly reduced mean @entity0 -reported sleep latency (primary endpoint) compared with placebo during week 1 (-4.54 min; p=0.001). @entity3 maintained greater efficacy in sleep latency than placebo at week 2, but the difference did not achieve statistical significance. In a subset of @entity0 who adhered to treatment and completed their diaries as instructed, a statistically significant @entity2 was sustained through week 2. Compared with placebo, @entity3 also significantly improved mean total sleep time and mean sleep quality during week 1, the number of awakenings during week 2, and overall @entity0 global impression scores. There was no evidence of rebound @entity1 . Adverse events were generally mild and transient. CONCLUSIONS: In Japanese adults with @entity1 , @entity3 8 mg significantly reduced @entity0 -reported sleep latency, increased total sleep time and improved sleep quality after 1 week of treatment. @entity3 was generally well tolerated with no rebound @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of subjective efficacy and safety of XXXX in Japanese subjects with @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess @entity0 -reported efficacy and safety of @entity3 in Japanese @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. After a placebo lead-in period, 987 adults with @entity1 received @entity3 8 mg or placebo once daily for 2 weeks, followed by a placebo run-out period to monitor rebound @entity1 . @entity0 -reported sleep data were collected using sleep diaries. RESULTS: @entity3 significantly reduced mean @entity0 -reported sleep latency (primary endpoint) compared with placebo during week 1 (-4.54 min; p=0.001). @entity3 maintained greater efficacy in sleep latency than placebo at week 2, but the difference did not achieve statistical significance. In a subset of @entity0 who adhered to treatment and completed their diaries as instructed, a statistically significant @entity2 was sustained through week 2. Compared with placebo, @entity3 also significantly improved mean total sleep time and mean sleep quality during week 1, the number of awakenings during week 2, and overall @entity0 global impression scores. There was no evidence of rebound @entity1 . Adverse events were generally mild and transient. CONCLUSIONS: In Japanese adults with @entity1 , @entity3 8 mg significantly reduced @entity0 -reported sleep latency, increased total sleep time and improved sleep quality after 1 week of treatment. @entity3 was generally well tolerated with no rebound @entity1 .

title: Evaluation of subjective efficacy and safety of @entity3 in Japanese subjects with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The indications and outcomes associated with Temporary Intravascular Shunting (TIVS) for vascular @entity1 in the civilian sector are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to perform a contemporary multicenter review of TIVS usage and outcomes. METHODS: @entity0 sustaining vascular @entity1 , requiring TIVS insertion, (1/2005-12/2013) were retrospectively identified at seven Level I @entity1 centers. Clinical demographics, operative details and outcomes were abstracted. RESULTS: 213 (2.7%) injuries (94.8% arterial) requiring TIVS were identified in 7385 @entity0 with @entity3 . Median age 27.0 years (range 4-89). 91.0% male, GCS 15.0 (IQR 4.0), ISS 16.0 (IQR 15.0), 26.0% were ISS>= 25 and 71.1% penetrating. The most common mechanism was GSW (62.7%) followed by AvP (11.4%) and MVC (6.5%). Shunts were placed for Damage Control in 63.4%, staged repair for combined orthopedic and @entity3 in 36.1% and for insufficient surgeon skillset in 0.5%. The most common vessel shunted was the SFA (23.9%) followed by popliteal A (18.8%) and brachial A (13.2%). An argyle shunt (81.2%) was the most common conduit followed by Pruitt-Inahara (9.4%). Dwell time was <6h in 61.4%, 24h in 86.5%, 48h in 95.9% with only 4.1% remaining in place for >48h. 81.6% survived to definitive repair, 79.6% survived overall. Complications included shunt @entity2 (5.6%) and dislodgment (1.4%). There was no association between dwell time and shunt @entity2 . Use of a non-commercial shunt (chest tube/feeding tube) did not impact shunt @entity2 but was an independent risk factor for subsequent graft failure. The limb salvage rate was 96.3%. No deaths could be attributed to a shunt complication. CONCLUSIONS: In the largest civilian TIVS experience insertion to date, both damage control and staged orthopedic @entity3 were common indications for shunting. With an acceptable complication burden and no associated mortality attributed to this technique, shunting should be considered a viable treatment option. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, therapeutic.

title: Multicenter Evaluation of Temporary Intravascular Shunt Usage in Vascular XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Modular tissue engineering is a novel approach to assemble tissues with an inherent vascularization. In this article, we evaluated whether endothelialized module-driven vascularization enhances islet engraftment in @entity0 @entity1 . Two thousand islets were transplanted in the omental pouch of syngeneic and allogeneic immunosuppressed @entity0 recipients as free islets, islets in collagen modules, or islets in endothelialized modules. Transplantation of islets in endothelialized modules significantly increased the vessel density compared with controls. Donor green fluorescent protein-positive endothelial cells (ECs) formed vessels in proximity to transplanted islets; donor vessels connected to host vasculature as the vessels included erythrocytes in their lumens and were supported by host smooth muscle cells by 21 days. Transplantation of 2000 islets reversed @entity0 in two of five of syngeneic recipients until 60 days, although there was no apparent benefit to islet function of adding ECs relative to collagen modules without EC. However, there was a trend toward increased viability when islets were implanted in endothelialized modules compared with collagen modules at 21 days. Meanwhile, 2000 islets in allogeneic immunosuppressed recipients lowered blood @entity2 levels short term, but there was graft failure within 1 week. This study explored the simultaneous transplantation of primary ECs with islets in @entity0 recipients. The endothelialized modular approach increased vessel density around transplanted islets. Further modulation (i.e., acceleration) of vessel maturation, is presumed necessary to improve islet engraftment.

title: Application of an endothelialized modular construct for islet transplantation in syngeneic and allogeneic immunosuppressed XXXX models.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Gender differences in biological substrates of disease determine different clinical manifestations of @entity2 with important implications for prevention, diagnosis and therapy in the two sexes. In @entity0 , the activity of sex hormones reduces the influence of CV risk factors during the reproductive age, and delays the onset of CHD of 2 decades compared to @entity0 . However, @entity0 as @entity0 suffer from CV events, and in @entity0 mortality from all CV causes and have greater than the sum of the others 7 causes of @entity3 together. @entity0 are more likely than @entity0 to die of a first @entity4 a probability of developing @entity5 or a second @entity6 than their male counterparts. The levels of lipid components vary in different ages of life and in the two genders. TC and LDL increase in @entity0 between 35 and 50 years of age. On the contrary LDL levels do not change significantly in fertile @entity0 in which they have a lower predictive value for CHD than in @entity0 , HDL levels are higher in premenopausal @entity0 than in @entity0 of the same age and their role in predicting CHD is considerably higher in @entity0 . High @entity7 and @entity8 are more important as a risk factor in @entity0 than in @entity0 . Because of the greater incidence of @entity1 in @entity0 until the early 80s, the information about the importance of risk factors associated with an increased risk of @entity1 has been gathered mainly in @entity0 and transferred to @entity0 . Most studies on lipid-lowering therapy did not have the adequate statistical power to show significant reductions in CV events in @entity0 . Regarding the indications for use of statins in daily practice, current data suggest that in secondary prevention statins are equally effective in both genders while in primary prevention the CV benefits of lipid-lowering therapy in @entity0 are less clear than in @entity0 and therefore should be used according to the degree of risk calculated from the available score systems.

title: Gender-specific aspects in primary and secondary prevention of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: The fetal or post-natal diagnosis of major @entity2 has important medical and psychological consequences. METHODS: We reviewed @entity0 who underwent cardiac surgery in the first year of life at the Heart Centre for @entity0 , The @entity0 's Hospital at Westmead during 2009. The aims of this study were to: (i) examine the key features of cardiac diagnosis and clinical outcome, and (ii) consider how these data can inform priorities for the delivery of clinical services. RESULTS: Over the 12-month study period, a first cardiac surgical procedure was performed on 195 @entity0 , with 85 @entity0 (44%) diagnosed in the antenatal period. Of the total sample, a subset of 90 babies (46%) underwent their first procedure in the neonatal period, with 62% having had a fetal diagnosis. Major @entity1 including truncus arteriosus (100%), single ventricular lesions (83%), @entity3 with @entity4 (78%) and @entity5 (53%) were diagnosed prior to birth. Improved haemodynamic stability at initial presentation was found in those with a fetal diagnosis. The overall mortality rate for all @entity0 was 6.1% at 12 months, with a higher mortality in @entity0 with single ventricle. CONCLUSIONS: The contemporary paradigm of care for @entity0 with major @entity2 requires a multidisciplinary approach to care, with improvements in clinician-clinician and clinician-family communication, and psychological support and education for families. Changes in the allocation of resources are required to meet this model of best practice.

title: Fetal and post-natal diagnosis of major XXXX : implications for medical and psychological care in the current era.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The incidence of @entity2 continues to increase each year with poor prognosis for survival in many relapse cases. To reverse this trend, whole body response measures are needed to discover collaborative paths to primary and secondary malignancy. Several species of fish provide excellent @entity2 models because fish and @entity0 melanocytes both appear in the epidermis, and fish and @entity0 @entity1 share conserved gene expression signatures. For the first time, we have examined the whole body transcriptome response to invasive @entity2 as a prelude to using transcriptome profiling to screen for drugs in a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) model. We generated RNA-seq data from whole body RNA isolates for controls and @entity2 fish. After testing for differential expression, 396 genes had significantly different expression (adjusted p-value <0.02) in the whole body transcriptome between @entity2 and control fish; 379 of these genes were matched to @entity0 orthologs with 233 having annotated @entity0 gene symbols and 14 matched genes that contain putative deleterious variants in @entity0 @entity2 at varying levels of recurrence. A detailed canonical pathway evaluation for significant enrichment showed the top scoring pathway to be antigen presentation but also included the expected melanocyte development and pigmentation signaling pathway. Results revealed a profound down-regulation of genes involved in the immune response, especially the innate immune system. We hypothesize that the developing @entity2 actively suppresses the immune system responses of the body in reacting to the invasive malignancy, and that this mal-adaptive response contributes to disease progression, a result that suggests our whole-body transcriptomic approach merits further use. In these findings, we also observed novel genes not yet identified in @entity0 @entity2 expression studies and uncovered known and new candidate drug targets for further testing in this @entity2 @entity3 model.

title: Whole Body Melanoma Transcriptome Response in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Improved accuracy in predicting @entity3 ( @entity3 ) risk in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 is needed. The addition of @entity4 to established methods of @entity3 risk calculation was reported in the Strong Heart Study (SHS) cohort. In this study, the addition of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated using data from 4,549 American Indian SHS @entity0 aged 45 to 74 years. After adjustment for Framingham @entity3 risk factors, hazard ratios for eGFR as a predictor of @entity3 were 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.34 to 2.13) in @entity0 and 1.41 (95% confidence interval 0.94 to 2.13) in @entity0 . Models including @entity4 , eGFR, or both scored higher in discriminatory power than models using conventional risk factors alone in @entity0 ; in @entity0 , the improvement was seen only for @entity4 and the combination of @entity4 and eGFR. Hosmer-Lemeshow assessments showed good calibration for the models using eGFR alone in both genders, followed by models including @entity4 alone in both genders. Adding eGFR improved the net reclassification improvement (NRI) in @entity0 (0.085, p = 0.0004) but not in @entity0 (0.010, p = 0.1967). NRI and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were improved in both genders using @entity4 and eGFR (NRI 0.135, p <0.0001, and IDI 0.027, p <0.0001 in @entity0 ; NRI 0.035, p <0.0196, and IDI 0.008, p <0.0156 in @entity0 ). Therefore, a risk calculator including @entity4 enhances @entity3 prediction compared to a calculator using only standard risk factors in @entity0 and @entity0 . Including eGFR alone improves risk prediction in @entity0 , but for @entity0 , it is preferable to include eGFR and @entity4 . In conclusion, this enhanced calculator should be useful in estimating @entity3 risk in populations with high prevalence of @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Comparison of estimated glomerular filtration rates and @entity4 in predicting risk of @entity3 in a population with high prevalence of @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Improved accuracy in predicting @entity3 ( @entity3 ) risk in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 is needed. The addition of @entity4 to established methods of @entity3 risk calculation was reported in the Strong Heart Study (SHS) cohort. In this study, the addition of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated using data from 4,549 American Indian SHS @entity0 aged 45 to 74 years. After adjustment for Framingham @entity3 risk factors, hazard ratios for eGFR as a predictor of @entity3 were 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.34 to 2.13) in @entity0 and 1.41 (95% confidence interval 0.94 to 2.13) in @entity0 . Models including @entity4 , eGFR, or both scored higher in discriminatory power than models using conventional risk factors alone in @entity0 ; in @entity0 , the improvement was seen only for @entity4 and the combination of @entity4 and eGFR. Hosmer-Lemeshow assessments showed good calibration for the models using eGFR alone in both genders, followed by models including @entity4 alone in both genders. Adding eGFR improved the net reclassification improvement (NRI) in @entity0 (0.085, p = 0.0004) but not in @entity0 (0.010, p = 0.1967). NRI and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were improved in both genders using @entity4 and eGFR (NRI 0.135, p <0.0001, and IDI 0.027, p <0.0001 in @entity0 ; NRI 0.035, p <0.0196, and IDI 0.008, p <0.0156 in @entity0 ). Therefore, a risk calculator including @entity4 enhances @entity3 prediction compared to a calculator using only standard risk factors in @entity0 and @entity0 . Including eGFR alone improves risk prediction in @entity0 , but for @entity0 , it is preferable to include eGFR and @entity4 . In conclusion, this enhanced calculator should be useful in estimating @entity3 risk in populations with high prevalence of @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Comparison of estimated glomerular filtration rates and @entity4 in predicting risk of @entity3 in a population with high prevalence of XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Improved accuracy in predicting @entity3 ( @entity3 ) risk in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 is needed. The addition of @entity4 to established methods of @entity3 risk calculation was reported in the Strong Heart Study (SHS) cohort. In this study, the addition of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated using data from 4,549 American Indian SHS @entity0 aged 45 to 74 years. After adjustment for Framingham @entity3 risk factors, hazard ratios for eGFR as a predictor of @entity3 were 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.34 to 2.13) in @entity0 and 1.41 (95% confidence interval 0.94 to 2.13) in @entity0 . Models including @entity4 , eGFR, or both scored higher in discriminatory power than models using conventional risk factors alone in @entity0 ; in @entity0 , the improvement was seen only for @entity4 and the combination of @entity4 and eGFR. Hosmer-Lemeshow assessments showed good calibration for the models using eGFR alone in both genders, followed by models including @entity4 alone in both genders. Adding eGFR improved the net reclassification improvement (NRI) in @entity0 (0.085, p = 0.0004) but not in @entity0 (0.010, p = 0.1967). NRI and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were improved in both genders using @entity4 and eGFR (NRI 0.135, p <0.0001, and IDI 0.027, p <0.0001 in @entity0 ; NRI 0.035, p <0.0196, and IDI 0.008, p <0.0156 in @entity0 ). Therefore, a risk calculator including @entity4 enhances @entity3 prediction compared to a calculator using only standard risk factors in @entity0 and @entity0 . Including eGFR alone improves risk prediction in @entity0 , but for @entity0 , it is preferable to include eGFR and @entity4 . In conclusion, this enhanced calculator should be useful in estimating @entity3 risk in populations with high prevalence of @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Comparison of estimated glomerular filtration rates and @entity4 in predicting risk of XXXX in a population with high prevalence of @entity1 and @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Improved accuracy in predicting @entity3 ( @entity3 ) risk in @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 is needed. The addition of @entity4 to established methods of @entity3 risk calculation was reported in the Strong Heart Study (SHS) cohort. In this study, the addition of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was evaluated using data from 4,549 American Indian SHS @entity0 aged 45 to 74 years. After adjustment for Framingham @entity3 risk factors, hazard ratios for eGFR as a predictor of @entity3 were 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.34 to 2.13) in @entity0 and 1.41 (95% confidence interval 0.94 to 2.13) in @entity0 . Models including @entity4 , eGFR, or both scored higher in discriminatory power than models using conventional risk factors alone in @entity0 ; in @entity0 , the improvement was seen only for @entity4 and the combination of @entity4 and eGFR. Hosmer-Lemeshow assessments showed good calibration for the models using eGFR alone in both genders, followed by models including @entity4 alone in both genders. Adding eGFR improved the net reclassification improvement (NRI) in @entity0 (0.085, p = 0.0004) but not in @entity0 (0.010, p = 0.1967). NRI and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were improved in both genders using @entity4 and eGFR (NRI 0.135, p <0.0001, and IDI 0.027, p <0.0001 in @entity0 ; NRI 0.035, p <0.0196, and IDI 0.008, p <0.0156 in @entity0 ). Therefore, a risk calculator including @entity4 enhances @entity3 prediction compared to a calculator using only standard risk factors in @entity0 and @entity0 . Including eGFR alone improves risk prediction in @entity0 , but for @entity0 , it is preferable to include eGFR and @entity4 . In conclusion, this enhanced calculator should be useful in estimating @entity3 risk in populations with high prevalence of @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Comparison of estimated glomerular filtration rates and XXXX in predicting risk of @entity3 in a population with high prevalence of @entity1 and @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has become one of the often applied mechanical support for acute @entity2 . During venoarterial (VA) ECMO support, left heart decompression should be considered when left ventricular (LV) distension develops with @entity3 and @entity1 . The aim of this study is to report the results of transaortic catheter venting ( @entity4 ), as an alternative venting method, performed during VA ECMO in @entity0 with acute @entity2 . We retrospectively reviewed the records of seven @entity0 who underwent both ECMO and @entity4 between February 2013 and February 2014. ECMO was performed uneventfully, and @entity4 was introduced under transthoracic echocardiographic guidance in all cases. Hemodynamic parameters, LV ejection fraction and LV end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) were measured 24 hours after initiating @entity4 in survivors. There were no procedure-related complications. Four of seven @entity0 (58%) survived. @entity4 led to an increase in mean blood pressure in all @entity0 (P=0.050). There was a significant difference between pre- and post- @entity4 -LVEDD (59    14 vs. 50    12 (mm), P=0.044), with a 10% to 23% reduction in LVEDD in survivors. @entity4 might be an acceptable alternative to venting procedures and useful for LV recovery during VA ECMO in @entity0 with severe @entity1 .

title: Initial Experience of Transaortic Catheter Venting in XXXX with Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiogenic Shock.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The incidence of @entity2 is constantly increasing as a result of over-proportional ageing of the population in industrialized nations. Follow-up of non-muscle-invasive @entity3 (NMIBC) primarily relies on the detection of either relapse or progression and does not include screening for second @entity2 . This study investigated the incidence of independent non-urothelial second @entity2 and associated risk factors in @entity0 with NMIBC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The charts of 380 consecutive @entity0 (297 @entity0 and 83 @entity0 ) with newly diagnosed NMIBC over a 16-year period at a Swiss hospital were analysed retrospectively. Age, stage of @entity3 , smoking status, and occurrence of second and third @entity2 were registered. Observed incidences of independent non-urothelial @entity2 were compared with age- and gender-specific rates based on data from the National Institute for @entity2 Epidemiology and Registration by calculating standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). RESULTS: Mean age at first NMIBC diagnosis was 69.9 years. Histological stage of the NMIBC was pTa in 241 @entity0 (63.4%), @entity5 in 102 (26.8%)and pTis in 37 (9.7%). During follow-up, 62 independent non-urothelial second or third @entity2 were observed in 48 @entity0 (16.2%) and 10 @entity0 (12.0%). In male @entity0 , @entity4 (SIR 4.3 and 5.7, respectively) were more frequent than expected in the general population, as were lung and uterine @entity2 in @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Follow-up in @entity0 with NMIBC should pay special attention to independent non-urothelial @entity2 . Investigations for non-urological @entity2 , especially for @entity1 , should form part of the standard follow-up in NMIBC @entity0 .

title: High incidence of independent second @entity2 after non-muscle-invasive XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The incidence of @entity2 is constantly increasing as a result of over-proportional ageing of the population in industrialized nations. Follow-up of non-muscle-invasive @entity3 (NMIBC) primarily relies on the detection of either relapse or progression and does not include screening for second @entity2 . This study investigated the incidence of independent non-urothelial second @entity2 and associated risk factors in @entity0 with NMIBC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The charts of 380 consecutive @entity0 (297 @entity0 and 83 @entity0 ) with newly diagnosed NMIBC over a 16-year period at a Swiss hospital were analysed retrospectively. Age, stage of @entity3 , smoking status, and occurrence of second and third @entity2 were registered. Observed incidences of independent non-urothelial @entity2 were compared with age- and gender-specific rates based on data from the National Institute for @entity2 Epidemiology and Registration by calculating standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). RESULTS: Mean age at first NMIBC diagnosis was 69.9 years. Histological stage of the NMIBC was pTa in 241 @entity0 (63.4%), @entity5 in 102 (26.8%)and pTis in 37 (9.7%). During follow-up, 62 independent non-urothelial second or third @entity2 were observed in 48 @entity0 (16.2%) and 10 @entity0 (12.0%). In male @entity0 , @entity4 (SIR 4.3 and 5.7, respectively) were more frequent than expected in the general population, as were lung and uterine @entity2 in @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Follow-up in @entity0 with NMIBC should pay special attention to independent non-urothelial @entity2 . Investigations for non-urological @entity2 , especially for @entity1 , should form part of the standard follow-up in NMIBC @entity0 .

title: High incidence of independent second XXXX after non-muscle-invasive @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The hybrid sterility gene S5 comprises three types of alleles in cultivated rice @entity0 ch tri-allelic system provided a unique opportunity to study the molecular bases of evolutionary changes underlying reproductive isolation in plants.     We analysed the sequence diversity and evolutionary history of S5 in 138 Oryza accessions. We also examined the effect of the two functional variations (C819 @entity1 C141 @entity2 determining hybrid sterility by transformation.     Nineteen haplotypes were identified, which were classified into the indica-like, the japonica-like and the wide-compatibility gene (WCG)-like group, according to the sequence features of the tri-allelic system. The origin and evolutionary course of the three allelic groups were investigated, thus confirming the independent origins of indica and japonica subspecies. There were perfect associations between C819 @entity1 C141 @entity2 the rice @entity0 mplasm assayed, and the combination of C819 and C1412 was required for hybrid sterility. Evidence of positive selection in the WCG-like alleles suggested that they might have been favored by selection for higher compatibility in hybrids.     The complex evolution of S5 revealed the counteractive function of the three allelic groups at the species level. S5 might perform an important primary function in an evolutionary scale, and hybrid sterility acts as a 'byproduct' of this speciation gene.

title: Complex evolution of S5, a major reproductive barrier regulator, in the cultivated XXXX @entity0 and its wild relatives.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The hybrid sterility gene S5 comprises three types of alleles in cultivated rice @entity0 ch tri-allelic system provided a unique opportunity to study the molecular bases of evolutionary changes underlying reproductive isolation in plants.     We analysed the sequence diversity and evolutionary history of S5 in 138 Oryza accessions. We also examined the effect of the two functional variations (C819 @entity1 C141 @entity2 determining hybrid sterility by transformation.     Nineteen haplotypes were identified, which were classified into the indica-like, the japonica-like and the wide-compatibility gene (WCG)-like group, according to the sequence features of the tri-allelic system. The origin and evolutionary course of the three allelic groups were investigated, thus confirming the independent origins of indica and japonica subspecies. There were perfect associations between C819 @entity1 C141 @entity2 the rice @entity0 mplasm assayed, and the combination of C819 and C1412 was required for hybrid sterility. Evidence of positive selection in the WCG-like alleles suggested that they might have been favored by selection for higher compatibility in hybrids.     The complex evolution of S5 revealed the counteractive function of the three allelic groups at the species level. S5 might perform an important primary function in an evolutionary scale, and hybrid sterility acts as a 'byproduct' of this speciation gene.

title: Complex evolution of S5, a major reproductive barrier regulator, in the cultivated @entity0 XXXX and its wild relatives.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: A recent rise in the incidence of @entity3 and a more favorable outcome have increased the proportions of other causes of @entity2 in affected @entity0 . Extending the survival of @entity3 @entity0 thus requires knowledge of all causes of @entity2 . METHODS: Data on the population, @entity1 , and causes of @entity2 were gathered from the nationwide Swedish Family- @entity1 Database. A Cox regression model, @entity3 @entity0 with all other @entity0 , was applied. Hazard ratios ( @entity5 ) were calculated both for the underlying cause and for dying with a specific cause listed among multiple causes of @entity2 . FINDINGS: Among 686,500 observed deaths, 62,500 were @entity3 @entity0 . For underlying causes other than @entity3 , the highest cause-specific HRs were found for external causes ( @entity5 , 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-1.31), diseases of the pulmonary circulation ( @entity5 , 1.22; 95% CI, 1.09-1.37), and @entity5 ( @entity5 , 1.18; 95% CI, 1.11-1.24). For specific multiple causes, the highest HRs were found for @entity4 ( @entity5 , 2.28; 95% CI, 2.14-2.42), diseases of the pulmonary circulation ( @entity5 , 1.61; 95% CI, 1.55-1.68), and @entity6 ( @entity5 , 1.90; 95% CI, 1.84-1.96). INTERPRETATIONS: @entity3 @entity0 have a higher risk for dying from various causes other than @entity3 , including external causes and @entity5 . Mechanisms have been proposed linking these elevated risks to both @entity1 and treatment. More attention should be paid to comorbidities in @entity0 with @entity3 . The present study fulfills a gap in the knowledge of @entity2 causes in @entity3 @entity0 .

title: What do XXXX @entity0 die of?

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: A recent rise in the incidence of @entity3 and a more favorable outcome have increased the proportions of other causes of @entity2 in affected @entity0 . Extending the survival of @entity3 @entity0 thus requires knowledge of all causes of @entity2 . METHODS: Data on the population, @entity1 , and causes of @entity2 were gathered from the nationwide Swedish Family- @entity1 Database. A Cox regression model, @entity3 @entity0 with all other @entity0 , was applied. Hazard ratios ( @entity5 ) were calculated both for the underlying cause and for dying with a specific cause listed among multiple causes of @entity2 . FINDINGS: Among 686,500 observed deaths, 62,500 were @entity3 @entity0 . For underlying causes other than @entity3 , the highest cause-specific HRs were found for external causes ( @entity5 , 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-1.31), diseases of the pulmonary circulation ( @entity5 , 1.22; 95% CI, 1.09-1.37), and @entity5 ( @entity5 , 1.18; 95% CI, 1.11-1.24). For specific multiple causes, the highest HRs were found for @entity4 ( @entity5 , 2.28; 95% CI, 2.14-2.42), diseases of the pulmonary circulation ( @entity5 , 1.61; 95% CI, 1.55-1.68), and @entity6 ( @entity5 , 1.90; 95% CI, 1.84-1.96). INTERPRETATIONS: @entity3 @entity0 have a higher risk for dying from various causes other than @entity3 , including external causes and @entity5 . Mechanisms have been proposed linking these elevated risks to both @entity1 and treatment. More attention should be paid to comorbidities in @entity0 with @entity3 . The present study fulfills a gap in the knowledge of @entity2 causes in @entity3 @entity0 .

title: What do @entity3 XXXX die of?

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the management and outcome of pregnancy in @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study including all the pregnant @entity0 with @entity5 followed between January 2000 and January 2008 in a University Hospital (h  pital Jeanne-de-Flandre, Lille, France). We report our experience of 18 pregnancies in 13 @entity0 . The management and the complications of these pregnancies were reported. RESULTS: All the @entity0 were treated with low dose @entity1 during the pregnancy. We observed one intrauterine @entity2 , one premature delivery at 29  weeks of gestation and six maternal @entity3 at delivery (33%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It is essential to treat these @entity0 with low dose @entity1 as soon as the pregnancy begins. @entity1 will be continued in postpartum with anticoagulant treatment. This management appears to improve the obstetric outcome and decrease the @entity4 usually described. A national register seems to be necessary to evaluate the complications occurring during pregnancy and the optimum follow-up.

title: [Pregnancy and XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In spite of controversial issues, pancreatectomy following neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NeoCRT) has been applied in treating advanced @entity4 . Cases of pathological complete remission (pCR) following NeoCRT is rare, and its long-term follow-up data are still lacking.From January 2000 to December 2012, medical records of the @entity0 who underwent pancreatectomy for @entity5 were retrospectively reviewed. Characteristics of the @entity0 with pCR were summarized and their long-term follow-up data were analyzed.Among 86 @entity0 with @entity4 who underwent radical pancreatectomy following NeoCRT, 10 @entity0 (11.6%) were reported to pCR. Nine out of 10 @entity0 received @entity3 -based chemoradiation therapy. Median pre-NeoCRT serum CA 19-9 was 313.5U/ml, and post-NeoCRT serum CA 19-9 was 9.9U/ml, which was shown to be significant difference between 2 serum CA 19-9 level (P=0.005). Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was done in 8 @entity0 , and the others received distal pancreatosplenectomy. Postoperative chemotherapy was received in 6 @entity0 . Disease-free survival was statistically superior in @entity0 with pCR than @entity0 without pCR (P<0.05). However, 5 @entity0 experienced @entity2 recurrence and no clinicopathologic variables including preoperative resectability could not predict the potential recurrence of @entity2 in @entity0 with pCR (P>0.05).pCR is rarely reported following NeoCRT, but this condition is not telling the cure of the disease. Early recurrence in the pattern of liver @entity1 and peritoneal seeding can be expected. However, long-term survival could be maintained in @entity0 without recurrence. Further investigation is necessary for predicting failure of treatment.

title: Pathological Complete Remission of XXXX Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy; Not the End of Battles.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity5 @entity5 is the primary vector of the most prevalent vector-borne zoonosis in North America, @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Enzootic maintenance of the pathogen @entity3 by @entity5 and small mammals is well documented, whereas its "cryptic" maintenance by other specialist ticks and wildlife hosts remains largely unexplored because these ticks rarely bite @entity0 . We quantified @entity3 @entity2 in a cryptic bird- @entity1 -tick cycle. Furthermore, we explored the role of birds in maintaining and moving @entity3 strains by comparing their genetic diversity in this cryptic cycle to that found in cycles vectored by @entity5 . We examined birds, @entity1 , and small mammals for ticks and @entity2 over a 4-year period at a focal site in Michigan, 90 km east of a zone of @entity5 invasion. We mist netted 19,631 birds that yielded 12,301 ticks, of which 86% were I. dentatus, a bird- @entity1 specialist. No resident wildlife harbored @entity5 , and yet 3.5% of bird-derived ticks, 3.6% of @entity1 -derived ticks, and 20% of @entity1 ear biopsy specimens were infected with @entity3 . We identified 25 closely related @entity3 strains using an rRNA gene intergenic spacer marker, the majority (68%) of which had not been reported previously. The presence of strains common to both cryptic and endemic cycles strongly implies bird-mediated dispersal. Given continued large-scale expansion of @entity5 populations, we predict that its invasion into zones of cryptic transmission will allow for bridging of novel pathogen strains to @entity0 and animals.

title: Diverse XXXX strains in a bird-tick cryptic cycle.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is suggested as a novel factor associated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, few studies have comprehensively evaluated plasma @entity5 with cardiovascular risk till now. Hence, we aimed to prospectively investigate the association between baseline @entity5 and cardiovascular risk graded with number of risk factors (RFs), coronary severity, and outcomes in @entity0 with stable @entity3 .Baseline characteristics and biomarkers were measured in 616 consecutive, nontreated @entity0 with stable @entity3 . Coronary severity was measured using SYNTAX, Gensini, and Jeopardy scoring systems. @entity0 were then received treatment and followed for a median of 17 months. The primary endpoints were @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity4 ( @entity4 ), post-discharge revascularization, or @entity6 ( @entity6 ).Overall, follow-up data were obtained from 603 @entity0 . A total of 72 (11.9%) @entity0 presented with at least 1 major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) (4 @entity2 , 4 @entity1 , 6 MIs, 28 revascularizations, and 30 UAs). At baseline, @entity5 was increased with an increasing number of RFs and positively associated with coronary severity scores (P<0.05, all). After follow-up, those with MACE had a higher baseline @entity5 , hs-CRP, and coronary scores than those without (P<0.05, all). Multivariate analysis showed that @entity5 , hs-CRP, and coronary scores were independently predictive for MACEs (P<0.05, all). Interestingly, more significant predictive values of @entity5 in medical-alone-treated population but no such associations in revascularization-treated @entity0 were found.Together, plasma @entity5 , as well as hs-CRP and coronary scores, could independently predict MACEs in @entity0 with stable @entity3 .

title: Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9, C-Reactive Protein, Coronary Severity, and Outcomes in XXXX With Stable Coronary Artery Disease: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the imaging findings after radiofrequency ablation of @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the imaging findings of all @entity0 with @entity1 treated with radiofrequency ablation in our department from January 2001 through August 2009. The studies were reviewed in consensus by two attending abdominal imaging radiologists and an abdominal imaging fellow. Imaging findings before, immediately after, and at short- and long-term follow-up after ablation were recorded. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity0 (seven @entity0 , seven @entity0 ; mean age, 56    8.4 years) underwent radiofrequency ablation of @entity1 . One case of small pneumothorax and one case of small hemothorax were the only minor complications (complication rate, 14%). The expected side effects of radiofrequency ablation were found in 35% of @entity0 : in two @entity0 adjacent liver parenchyma was ablated, in two @entity0 the diaphragmatic crus was injured, and in two @entity0 local @entity2 occurred (in one @entity0 , both adjacent liver and diaphragmatic crus were ablated). Immediate soft-tissue findings after radiofrequency ablation included air bubbles in 12 @entity0 (86%) and fat stranding around the adrenal gland in 13 @entity0 (93%). A fat rim sign was found in 60% of @entity0 at long-term follow-up. The attenuation of the @entity1 immediately after the procedure increased an average of 7 HU (median, 5 HU; range, -2 to 18 HU) and tended to decrease in long-term follow-up. At long-term follow-up, most (75%) of the @entity1 had decreased in size and attenuation. CONCLUSION: Air bubbles and fat stranding are frequently seen immediately after radiofrequency ablation of @entity1 . A fat rim sign is a common finding at long-term follow-up. Attenuation of the ablated zone increases immediately after the procedure and decreases in long-term follow-up. The volume of the ablated zone has a variable size response, suggesting the need for baseline imaging.

title: Imaging findings after radiofrequency ablation of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of @entity2 PET/CT, MRI with and without diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and contrast-enhanced MDCT in the detection of peritoneal dissemination of @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the cases of 107 @entity0 who underwent PET/CT and 130 @entity0 who underwent MRI and contrast-enhanced MDCT. Twenty-six @entity0 who underwent PET/CT and 23 who underwent MRI and contrast-enhanced MDCT were found to have peritoneal dissemination. All images were independently evaluated by two radiologists using a 5-point grading system. The results of PET/CT, T1- and T2-weighted MRI without DWI, MRI with DWI (b = 1,000 s/mm(2)), and contrast-enhanced MDCT were compared @entity0 by @entity0 and lesion by lesion by use of receiver operating characteristics analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value were calculated and compared by use of the chi-square test. RESULTS: @entity0 by @entity0 , the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of MRI without DWI (0.88) was significantly less than that of the other modalities (contrast-enhanced MDCT, 0.91; MRI with DWI, 0.93; PET/CT, 0.97). The sensitivity of PET/CT (94%) was significantly higher than that of MRI without DWI (70%). The specificities of the modalities were not significantly different. In lesion-by-lesion analysis, MRI without DWI had significantly lower sensitivity (56%) than the other modalities (contrast-enhanced MDCT, 76%; MRI with DWI, 84%; PET/CT, 89%). The positive predictive value of PET/CT (93%) was significantly higher than that of the other three modalities (contrast-enhanced MDCT, 73%; MRI without DWI, 70%; MRI with DWI, 72%). CONCLUSION: PET/CT is the most useful technique for pathologic staging in the care of @entity0 with @entity1 . If PET/CT is not available, DWI can be used as a screening tool.

title: Diagnosis of peritoneal dissemination: comparison of XXXX PET/CT, diffusion-weighted MRI, and contrast-enhanced MDCT.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Three hundred-eighty-eight @entity0 were selected from a total community and biracial (black-white) population for a special in-depth study related to serum lipoproteins and @entity9 metabolism. Based on two previous serum lipoprotein determinations of high and/or low beta and pre-beta-lipoprotein @entity2 , they were stratified into four groups. A @entity3 tolerance test was performed for fasting, 30-minute, and one-hour @entity3 , insulin, free @entity8 , @entity5 , and @entity10 . Observations of height, weight, and triceps skinfold were also obtained on the @entity0 . @entity0 in the high beta-lipoprotein @entity2 groups tended to have higher @entity3 levels and were more @entity1 than the other groups, while @entity0 in the high pre-beta-lipoprotein @entity2 group tended to have high insulin levels following the @entity3 load. Fasting blood levels were not appreciably different in the various groups, but after the @entity3 load an unusually high insulin secretory response occurred in black @entity0 , especially black @entity0 . Black @entity0 also demonstrated somewhat lower blood @entity11 than the other race-sex groups. The insulin/ @entity3 ratios were dramatically different in the black @entity0 , especially black @entity0 . These differences were particularly noted in the groups with the high pre-beta-lipoprotein. Black @entity0 also tended to have higher insulin/free @entity7 ratios during the @entity3 tolerance test. These differences persisted even after adjusting for @entity1 . Although not significant, @entity5 levels consistently decreased in all groups following a @entity3 load. The observation of racial contrasts in @entity3 and insulin responses are interesting. While black @entity0 appear to show low @entity3 and high insulin responses to a @entity3 load, low and delayed insulin response along with high @entity3 response occur in whites, especially white @entity0 . Since white @entity0 have greater body fat content, these observations suggest more insulin resistance in white @entity0 . Even at low levels of @entity1 , subtle @entity9 lipid metabolic aberrations are found in @entity0 having high levels of serum lipoproteins. A persistence of these conditions could contribute to accelerated @entity6 and subsequent @entity4 .

title: Relationship of XXXX intolerance to serum lipoprotein profiles in childhood. The Bogalusa Heart Study.

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: To introduce a dual-contrast fast spin-echo (dcFSE) sequence for signal decay mapping of @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: After consultation with the Institutional Review Board, 22 acute @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 were examined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1.5T 2 days after revascularization. @entity1 was evaluated in 16 @entity2 with an exponential fit for signal decay time (SDT) in dcFSE mapping and T2 signal intensity ratio for single-contrast FSE. Myocardial viability was evaluated in late @entity4 enhancement (LGE). A control group of 10 volunteers was examined for @entity1 imaging. SDT was compared in segment groups: 1) with LGE in @entity3 , 2) penumbra, 3) remote from LGE, 4) controls. Groups 1/3 and 3/4 were tested on difference. Three phantoms providing similar T2 but different T1 relaxation times (low, intermediate, high) were examined with dcFSE and multicontrast spin echo sequence as a reference. RESULTS: The SDT/T2 ratio for segment groups was 1) 82msec/1.7 in segments with LGE; 2) 65msec/1.6 for penumbra, 3) 62msec/1.7 for remote segments, and 4) 50msec/1.6 in controls. In dcFSE group 1/3 (P < 0.0001) and in group 3/4 (P   =   0.0002) SDT was significantly different. In single-contrast FSE the T2 ratio was not significantly different for both tests: 1/3 P   =   0.1889; 3/4 P   =   0.8879. T2 -overestimation of dcFSE was 23% in low, 29% in intermediate, and 35% in highly T1 contaminated phantoms. CONCLUSION: dcFSE signal decay @entity1 mapping is feasible in volunteers and @entity0 . DcFSE SDT is superior to T2 ratio for detection of high-grade and diffuse @entity2 . J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2015.

title: Signal decay mapping of XXXX using dual-contrast fast spin-echo MRI.

answer: @entity2


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity5 and the associated @entity2 release-activated @entity2 (CRAC) channel were discovered in the immune system. Existence also in endothelial cells has been suggested, but the relevance to endothelial biology is mostly unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of @entity5 and CRAC channels to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and endothelial tube formation. METHODS AND RESULTS: In @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells, @entity5 disruption by short-interfering RNA or dominant-negative mutant @entity5 inhibited @entity2 release-activated (store-operated) @entity2 entry, @entity1 -evoked @entity2 entry, cell migration, and in vitro tube formation. Expression of exogenous wild-type @entity5 rescued the tube formation. @entity1 receptor-2 and @entity5 partially colocalized. @entity5 disruption also inhibited @entity2 entry and tube formation in endothelial progenitor cells from @entity0 blood. A known blocker of the immune cell CRAC channel ( @entity8 (2',5'-dimethoxybiphenyl-4-yl)amide) was a strong blocker of store-operated @entity2 entry in endothelial cells and inhibited @entity2 entry evoked by @entity1 in 3 types of @entity0 endothelial cell. The compound lacked effect on @entity1 -evoked @entity2 -release, @entity4 clustering, and 2 types of transient receptor potential channels, @entity6 and @entity7 . Without effect on cell viability, the compound inhibited @entity0 endothelial cell migration and tube formation in vitro and suppressed angiogenesis in vivo in the @entity3 chorioallantoic membrane. The compound showed 100-fold greater potency for endothelial compared with immune cell @entity2 entry. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest positive roles for @entity5 and CRAC channels in @entity1 -evoked @entity2 entry and new opportunity for chemical modulation of angiogenesis.

title: @entity5 and CRAC channel dependence of XXXX -activated Ca2+ entry and endothelial tube formation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity5 and the associated @entity2 release-activated @entity2 (CRAC) channel were discovered in the immune system. Existence also in endothelial cells has been suggested, but the relevance to endothelial biology is mostly unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of @entity5 and CRAC channels to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and endothelial tube formation. METHODS AND RESULTS: In @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells, @entity5 disruption by short-interfering RNA or dominant-negative mutant @entity5 inhibited @entity2 release-activated (store-operated) @entity2 entry, @entity1 -evoked @entity2 entry, cell migration, and in vitro tube formation. Expression of exogenous wild-type @entity5 rescued the tube formation. @entity1 receptor-2 and @entity5 partially colocalized. @entity5 disruption also inhibited @entity2 entry and tube formation in endothelial progenitor cells from @entity0 blood. A known blocker of the immune cell CRAC channel ( @entity8 (2',5'-dimethoxybiphenyl-4-yl)amide) was a strong blocker of store-operated @entity2 entry in endothelial cells and inhibited @entity2 entry evoked by @entity1 in 3 types of @entity0 endothelial cell. The compound lacked effect on @entity1 -evoked @entity2 -release, @entity4 clustering, and 2 types of transient receptor potential channels, @entity6 and @entity7 . Without effect on cell viability, the compound inhibited @entity0 endothelial cell migration and tube formation in vitro and suppressed angiogenesis in vivo in the @entity3 chorioallantoic membrane. The compound showed 100-fold greater potency for endothelial compared with immune cell @entity2 entry. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest positive roles for @entity5 and CRAC channels in @entity1 -evoked @entity2 entry and new opportunity for chemical modulation of angiogenesis.

title: XXXX and CRAC channel dependence of @entity1 -activated Ca2+ entry and endothelial tube formation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Controversy exists regarding the optimal strategy to minimize recurrent @entity2 after successful endoscopic hemostasis. Our objective was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of competing strategies for the posthemostasis management of @entity0 with high risk ulcer stigmata. METHODS: Through decision analysis, we calculated the cost-effectiveness of four strategies: 1) follow @entity0 clinically after hemostasis and repeat endoscopy only in @entity0 with evidence of rebleeding (usual care); 2) administer intravenous proton pump inhibitors (i.v. PPIs) after hemostasis and repeat endoscopy only in @entity0 with clinical signs of rebleeding; 3) perform second look endoscopy at 24 h in all @entity0 with successful endoscopic hemostasis; and 4) perform selective second look endoscopy at 24 h only in @entity0 at high risk for rebleeding as identified by the prospectively validated Baylor Bleeding Score. Probability estimates were derived from a systematic review of the medical literature. Cost estimates were based on Medicare reimbursement. Effectiveness was defined as the proportion of @entity0 with rebleeding, surgery, or @entity1 prevented. RESULTS: The selective second look endoscopy strategy was the most effective and least expensive of the four competing strategies, and therefore dominated the analysis. The i.v. PPI strategy required 50% fewer endoscopies than the competing strategies, and became the dominant strategy when the rebleed rate with i.v. PPIs fell below 9% and when the cost of i.v. PPIs fell below 10 dollars/day. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the usual practice of "watchful waiting," performing selective second look endoscopy in high risk @entity0 may prevent more cases of rebleeding, surgery, or @entity1 at a lower overall cost. However, i.v. PPIs are likely to reduce the need for second look endoscopy and may be preferred overall if the rebleed rate and cost of i.v. PPIs remains low.

title: Minimizing recurrent peptic XXXX after endoscopic hemostasis: the cost-effectiveness of competing strategies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To study the effect Achyrnnthes nspern, 0.2% aqueous @entity2 and Punicn grnnntum oral rinse on salivary @entity3 mutnns count in @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 @entity0 of 8 to 12 years of age were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group A was given 0.2% @entity1 mouthwash, group B was given 10% A. nspern mouthwash and group C was given 15% P. grnnntum mouthwash. The day 1 saliva samples were collected from the subjects and innoculated onto mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar. The colony counts were obtained by a clinical microbiologist who was blinded to the subject allocation. Plaque scores were then recorded by the investigator with the help of a volunteer. Following this, they received a thorough scaling and polishing. Subjects in each group were then provided with 140 ml of the respective mouthwash, as a daily supervised rinse after breakfast and before sleeping as per instructions. Following mouth rinsing, the @entity0 were instructed not to eat or drink for 15 minutes. At the 7th day, unstimulated saliva was again collected from the subjects of all 3 groups, inoculated onto MSB agar and colony count was obtained. Modified Quigley-Hein plaque index was also evaluated for the refreshed score at this stage. Colony counting was done using loop method and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 21. RESULTS: All the three mouthwashes showed statistically significant reduction of S. mutnns count and plaque index after 7 days, i.e. @entity1 (p < 0.001 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction), A. nspern (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction) and P. grnnntum (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction). @entity1 had marginally better results in reducing S. mutnns count. Conclusion     Efficacy of @entity1 , A. nspern and P. grnnntum was statistically significant with respect to reduction of S. mutnns count with @entity1 being marginally better than the other two,     All the three mouthwashes were found to be at par when plaque index values from baseline and after interception of 7 days was calculated,     Punicn grnnntum has better antimicrobial effect than A. nspern.

title: Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous XXXX and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary @entity3 in 8 to 12 Years Old @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To study the effect Achyrnnthes nspern, 0.2% aqueous @entity2 and Punicn grnnntum oral rinse on salivary @entity3 mutnns count in @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 @entity0 of 8 to 12 years of age were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group A was given 0.2% @entity1 mouthwash, group B was given 10% A. nspern mouthwash and group C was given 15% P. grnnntum mouthwash. The day 1 saliva samples were collected from the subjects and innoculated onto mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar. The colony counts were obtained by a clinical microbiologist who was blinded to the subject allocation. Plaque scores were then recorded by the investigator with the help of a volunteer. Following this, they received a thorough scaling and polishing. Subjects in each group were then provided with 140 ml of the respective mouthwash, as a daily supervised rinse after breakfast and before sleeping as per instructions. Following mouth rinsing, the @entity0 were instructed not to eat or drink for 15 minutes. At the 7th day, unstimulated saliva was again collected from the subjects of all 3 groups, inoculated onto MSB agar and colony count was obtained. Modified Quigley-Hein plaque index was also evaluated for the refreshed score at this stage. Colony counting was done using loop method and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 21. RESULTS: All the three mouthwashes showed statistically significant reduction of S. mutnns count and plaque index after 7 days, i.e. @entity1 (p < 0.001 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction), A. nspern (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction) and P. grnnntum (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction). @entity1 had marginally better results in reducing S. mutnns count. Conclusion     Efficacy of @entity1 , A. nspern and P. grnnntum was statistically significant with respect to reduction of S. mutnns count with @entity1 being marginally better than the other two,     All the three mouthwashes were found to be at par when plaque index values from baseline and after interception of 7 days was calculated,     Punicn grnnntum has better antimicrobial effect than A. nspern.

title: Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous @entity2 and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary XXXX in 8 to 12 Years Old @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To study the effect Achyrnnthes nspern, 0.2% aqueous @entity2 and Punicn grnnntum oral rinse on salivary @entity3 mutnns count in @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 @entity0 of 8 to 12 years of age were randomly allocated into 3 groups. Group A was given 0.2% @entity1 mouthwash, group B was given 10% A. nspern mouthwash and group C was given 15% P. grnnntum mouthwash. The day 1 saliva samples were collected from the subjects and innoculated onto mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar. The colony counts were obtained by a clinical microbiologist who was blinded to the subject allocation. Plaque scores were then recorded by the investigator with the help of a volunteer. Following this, they received a thorough scaling and polishing. Subjects in each group were then provided with 140 ml of the respective mouthwash, as a daily supervised rinse after breakfast and before sleeping as per instructions. Following mouth rinsing, the @entity0 were instructed not to eat or drink for 15 minutes. At the 7th day, unstimulated saliva was again collected from the subjects of all 3 groups, inoculated onto MSB agar and colony count was obtained. Modified Quigley-Hein plaque index was also evaluated for the refreshed score at this stage. Colony counting was done using loop method and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 21. RESULTS: All the three mouthwashes showed statistically significant reduction of S. mutnns count and plaque index after 7 days, i.e. @entity1 (p < 0.001 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction), A. nspern (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction) and P. grnnntum (p < 0.01 for reduction in S. mutnns count and p < 0.05 for plaque score reduction). @entity1 had marginally better results in reducing S. mutnns count. Conclusion     Efficacy of @entity1 , A. nspern and P. grnnntum was statistically significant with respect to reduction of S. mutnns count with @entity1 being marginally better than the other two,     All the three mouthwashes were found to be at par when plaque index values from baseline and after interception of 7 days was calculated,     Punicn grnnntum has better antimicrobial effect than A. nspern.

title: Effect of Achyranthes aspera, 0.2% Aqueous @entity2 and Punica granatum Oral Rinse on the Levels of Salivary @entity3 in 8 to 12 Years Old XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We studied @entity1 (Q), Q homologue ratio, and steady-state levels of mCOQ transcripts in tissues from @entity0 fed ad libitum or under calorie restriction. Maximum @entity1 levels on a protein basis were found in kidney and heart, followed by liver, brain, and skeletal muscle. Liver and skeletal muscle showed the highest Q(9)/Q(10) ratios with significant interindividual variability. Heart, kidney, and particularly brain exhibited lower Q(9)/Q(10) ratios and interindividual variability. In skeletal muscle and heart, the most abundant mCOQ transcript was @entity2 , followed by mCOQ8, @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity3 , and @entity6 . In nonmuscular tissues (liver, kidney, and brain) the most abundant mCOQ transcript was @entity4 , followed by @entity2 , mCOQ8, @entity3 , @entity5 , and @entity6 . Calorie restriction increased both @entity1 homologues and @entity5 mRNA in skeletal muscle, but @entity2 was decreased. In contrast, Q(9) and most mCOQ transcripts were decreased in heart. Calorie restriction also modified the Q(9)/Q(10) ratio, which was increased in kidney and decreased in heart without alterations in @entity3 or @entity5 transcripts. We demonstrate for the first time that unique patterns of mCOQ transcripts exist in muscular and nonmuscular tissues and that Q and COQ genes are targets of calorie restriction in a tissue-specific way.

title: Calorie restriction modifies XXXX and COQ transcript levels in @entity0 tissues.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We studied @entity1 (Q), Q homologue ratio, and steady-state levels of mCOQ transcripts in tissues from @entity0 fed ad libitum or under calorie restriction. Maximum @entity1 levels on a protein basis were found in kidney and heart, followed by liver, brain, and skeletal muscle. Liver and skeletal muscle showed the highest Q(9)/Q(10) ratios with significant interindividual variability. Heart, kidney, and particularly brain exhibited lower Q(9)/Q(10) ratios and interindividual variability. In skeletal muscle and heart, the most abundant mCOQ transcript was @entity2 , followed by mCOQ8, @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity3 , and @entity6 . In nonmuscular tissues (liver, kidney, and brain) the most abundant mCOQ transcript was @entity4 , followed by @entity2 , mCOQ8, @entity3 , @entity5 , and @entity6 . Calorie restriction increased both @entity1 homologues and @entity5 mRNA in skeletal muscle, but @entity2 was decreased. In contrast, Q(9) and most mCOQ transcripts were decreased in heart. Calorie restriction also modified the Q(9)/Q(10) ratio, which was increased in kidney and decreased in heart without alterations in @entity3 or @entity5 transcripts. We demonstrate for the first time that unique patterns of mCOQ transcripts exist in muscular and nonmuscular tissues and that Q and COQ genes are targets of calorie restriction in a tissue-specific way.

title: Calorie restriction modifies @entity1 and COQ transcript levels in XXXX tissues.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We combined anchor- and distribution-based methods to establish @entity5 ( @entity5 ) for six @entity0 -Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)- @entity1 scales in advanced-stage @entity1 @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: @entity0 completed 6 PROMIS- @entity1 scales and 23 anchor measures at an initial (n=101) assessment and a follow-up (n=88) assessment 6-12 weeks later. Three a priori criteria were used to identify usable cross-sectional and longitudinal anchor-based MID estimates. The mean standard error of measurement was also computed for each scale. The focus of the analysis was on item response theory-based @entity5 estimated on a T-score scale. Raw score @entity5 were estimated for comparison purposes. RESULTS: Many cross-sectional (64%) and longitudinal (73%) T-score anchor-based MID estimates were excluded because they did not  meet a priori criteria. The following are the recommended T-score MID ranges: 17-item Fatigue (2.5-4.5), 7-item Fatigue (3.0-5.0), 10-item @entity3 Interference (4.0-6.0), 10-item Physical Functioning (4.0-6.0), 9-item Emotional Distress- @entity2 (3.0-4.5), and 10-item Emotional Distress- @entity4 (3.0-4.5). Effect sizes corresponding to these @entity5 averaged between 0.40 and 0.63. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to address @entity5 for PROMIS measures. Studies are currently being conducted to confirm these @entity5 in other @entity0 populations and to determine whether these @entity5 vary by @entity0 ' level of functioning.

title: Minimally important differences were estimated for six @entity0 -Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System- XXXX scales in advanced-stage @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We combined anchor- and distribution-based methods to establish @entity5 ( @entity5 ) for six @entity0 -Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)- @entity1 scales in advanced-stage @entity1 @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: @entity0 completed 6 PROMIS- @entity1 scales and 23 anchor measures at an initial (n=101) assessment and a follow-up (n=88) assessment 6-12 weeks later. Three a priori criteria were used to identify usable cross-sectional and longitudinal anchor-based MID estimates. The mean standard error of measurement was also computed for each scale. The focus of the analysis was on item response theory-based @entity5 estimated on a T-score scale. Raw score @entity5 were estimated for comparison purposes. RESULTS: Many cross-sectional (64%) and longitudinal (73%) T-score anchor-based MID estimates were excluded because they did not  meet a priori criteria. The following are the recommended T-score MID ranges: 17-item Fatigue (2.5-4.5), 7-item Fatigue (3.0-5.0), 10-item @entity3 Interference (4.0-6.0), 10-item Physical Functioning (4.0-6.0), 9-item Emotional Distress- @entity2 (3.0-4.5), and 10-item Emotional Distress- @entity4 (3.0-4.5). Effect sizes corresponding to these @entity5 averaged between 0.40 and 0.63. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to address @entity5 for PROMIS measures. Studies are currently being conducted to confirm these @entity5 in other @entity0 populations and to determine whether these @entity5 vary by @entity0 ' level of functioning.

title: Minimally important differences were estimated for six @entity0 -Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System- @entity1 scales in advanced-stage XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We combined anchor- and distribution-based methods to establish @entity5 ( @entity5 ) for six @entity0 -Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)- @entity1 scales in advanced-stage @entity1 @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: @entity0 completed 6 PROMIS- @entity1 scales and 23 anchor measures at an initial (n=101) assessment and a follow-up (n=88) assessment 6-12 weeks later. Three a priori criteria were used to identify usable cross-sectional and longitudinal anchor-based MID estimates. The mean standard error of measurement was also computed for each scale. The focus of the analysis was on item response theory-based @entity5 estimated on a T-score scale. Raw score @entity5 were estimated for comparison purposes. RESULTS: Many cross-sectional (64%) and longitudinal (73%) T-score anchor-based MID estimates were excluded because they did not  meet a priori criteria. The following are the recommended T-score MID ranges: 17-item Fatigue (2.5-4.5), 7-item Fatigue (3.0-5.0), 10-item @entity3 Interference (4.0-6.0), 10-item Physical Functioning (4.0-6.0), 9-item Emotional Distress- @entity2 (3.0-4.5), and 10-item Emotional Distress- @entity4 (3.0-4.5). Effect sizes corresponding to these @entity5 averaged between 0.40 and 0.63. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to address @entity5 for PROMIS measures. Studies are currently being conducted to confirm these @entity5 in other @entity0 populations and to determine whether these @entity5 vary by @entity0 ' level of functioning.

title: Minimally important differences were estimated for six XXXX -Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System- @entity1 scales in advanced-stage @entity1 @entity0 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We combined anchor- and distribution-based methods to establish @entity5 ( @entity5 ) for six @entity0 -Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)- @entity1 scales in advanced-stage @entity1 @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: @entity0 completed 6 PROMIS- @entity1 scales and 23 anchor measures at an initial (n=101) assessment and a follow-up (n=88) assessment 6-12 weeks later. Three a priori criteria were used to identify usable cross-sectional and longitudinal anchor-based MID estimates. The mean standard error of measurement was also computed for each scale. The focus of the analysis was on item response theory-based @entity5 estimated on a T-score scale. Raw score @entity5 were estimated for comparison purposes. RESULTS: Many cross-sectional (64%) and longitudinal (73%) T-score anchor-based MID estimates were excluded because they did not  meet a priori criteria. The following are the recommended T-score MID ranges: 17-item Fatigue (2.5-4.5), 7-item Fatigue (3.0-5.0), 10-item @entity3 Interference (4.0-6.0), 10-item Physical Functioning (4.0-6.0), 9-item Emotional Distress- @entity2 (3.0-4.5), and 10-item Emotional Distress- @entity4 (3.0-4.5). Effect sizes corresponding to these @entity5 averaged between 0.40 and 0.63. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to address @entity5 for PROMIS measures. Studies are currently being conducted to confirm these @entity5 in other @entity0 populations and to determine whether these @entity5 vary by @entity0 ' level of functioning.

title: Minimally important differences were estimated for six @entity0 -Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System- @entity1 scales in advanced-stage @entity1 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recruitment of brown adipose tissue (BAT) has emerged as a potential tool to combat @entity2 and associated metabolic complications. Short-term cold acclimation has been shown to not only enhance BAT presence and activity in lean @entity0 , but also improve skeletal muscle metabolic profile to benefit @entity3 uptake in type 2 @entity1 @entity0 . Here, we examined whether short-term cold acclimation also induced such adaptations in ten metabolically healthy obese male subjects. A 10-day cold acclimation period resulted in increased cold-induced @entity3 uptake in BAT, as assessed by @entity4 -PET/CT scanning. BAT activity was negatively related to age, with a similar trend for body fat%. In addition, cold-induced @entity3 uptake in BAT was positively related to @entity3 uptake in visceral WAT, although @entity3 uptake in visceral and subcutaneous WAT depots was unchanged upon cold acclimation. Cold-induced skeletal muscle @entity3 uptake tended to increase upon cold acclimation, which was paralleled by increased basal @entity5 localization in the sarcolemma, as assessed in muscle biopsies. Proximal skin temperature was increased and subjective responses to cold were slightly improved at the end of the acclimation period. These metabolic adaptations to prolonged mild cold exposure may lead to improved @entity3 metabolism or prevent development of @entity2 -associated insulin resistance and @entity6 . TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NTR4319.

title: Short-term cold acclimation recruits brown adipose tissue in obese XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: @entity2 (NENs) are rare @entity1 , exhibiting several morphological, functional, and behavioral characteristics. However, only few reports have evaluated large case series of pancreatic NEN. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 100 consecutive @entity0 with pancreatic NEN diagnosed pathologically and treated at the National @entity1 Center Hospital between 1991 and 2010. RESULTS: The study included 48 males and 52 females (median age: 55 years). Fourteen @entity0 had clinical symptoms caused by excess hormone secretion at diagnosis. Twelve @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) G1, 54 with @entity1 G2, and 32 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) as per the 2010 World Health Organization classification. Distant metastases were observed in 25%, 43%, and 84% of the @entity0 with @entity1 G1, @entity1 G2, and @entity4 , respectively. Serum levels of @entity5 and @entity3 dehydrogenase significantly increased in @entity0 with @entity4 compared with those in @entity0 with @entity1 G1/G2. The 5-year survival rates of @entity0 with @entity1 G1, @entity1 G2, and @entity4 were 91%, 69%, and 10%, respectively. Good performance status (PS), lower stage, and histopathological grade were identified as independent favorable prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity1 G1/G2 treated with surgical resection had a good prognosis. Most @entity0 with @entity4 exhibited distant metastases and had a poor prognosis. Staging classification and the WHO 2010 grading are important factors for selecting the appropriate treatment strategy and predicting prognosis for @entity0 with pancreatic NEN.

title: XXXX : A single-center 20-year experience with 100 @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: @entity2 (NENs) are rare @entity1 , exhibiting several morphological, functional, and behavioral characteristics. However, only few reports have evaluated large case series of pancreatic NEN. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 100 consecutive @entity0 with pancreatic NEN diagnosed pathologically and treated at the National @entity1 Center Hospital between 1991 and 2010. RESULTS: The study included 48 males and 52 females (median age: 55 years). Fourteen @entity0 had clinical symptoms caused by excess hormone secretion at diagnosis. Twelve @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) G1, 54 with @entity1 G2, and 32 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) as per the 2010 World Health Organization classification. Distant metastases were observed in 25%, 43%, and 84% of the @entity0 with @entity1 G1, @entity1 G2, and @entity4 , respectively. Serum levels of @entity5 and @entity3 dehydrogenase significantly increased in @entity0 with @entity4 compared with those in @entity0 with @entity1 G1/G2. The 5-year survival rates of @entity0 with @entity1 G1, @entity1 G2, and @entity4 were 91%, 69%, and 10%, respectively. Good performance status (PS), lower stage, and histopathological grade were identified as independent favorable prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity1 G1/G2 treated with surgical resection had a good prognosis. Most @entity0 with @entity4 exhibited distant metastases and had a poor prognosis. Staging classification and the WHO 2010 grading are important factors for selecting the appropriate treatment strategy and predicting prognosis for @entity0 with pancreatic NEN.

title: @entity2 : A single-center 20-year experience with 100 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: : A major complication in continuous, ambulatory @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity5 who are undergoing long-term @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is peritoneal @entity3 , which can result in peritoneal structural changes and functional ultrafiltration failure. @entity0 umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) in Wharton's jelly possess stem cell properties and are easily obtained and processed. This study focuses on the effects of HUMSCs on peritoneal @entity3 in in vitro and in vivo experiments. After 24-hour treatment with mixture of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and @entity4 solution at a 1:3 ratio, primary @entity0 peritoneal mesothelial cells became susceptible to @entity4 -induced cell death. Such cytotoxic effects were prevented by coculturing with primary HUMSCs. In a @entity2 model, intraperitoneal injections of 20 mM @entity10 ( @entity9 ) in @entity4 solution for 3 weeks (the @entity4 / @entity9 3W group) markedly induced @entity8 formation, peritoneal thickening, and collagen accumulation. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated neoangiogenesis and significant increase in the numbers of ED-1- and a-smooth muscle actin ( @entity7 )-positive cells in the thickened peritoneum in the @entity4 / @entity9 3W group, suggesting that @entity4 / @entity9 induced an inflammatory response. Furthermore, @entity4 / @entity9 treatment for 3 weeks caused functional impairments in the peritoneal membrane. However, in comparison with the @entity4 / @entity9 group, intraperitoneal administration of HUMSCs into the @entity2 significantly ameliorated the @entity4 / @entity9 -induced @entity8 formation, peritoneal @entity3 , @entity1 , neoangiogenesis, and ultrafiltration failure. After 3 weeks of transplantation, surviving HUMSCs were found in the peritoneum in the HUMSC-grafted @entity2 . Thus, xenografts of HUMSCs might provide a potential therapeutic strategy in the prevention of peritoneal @entity3 . SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated that direct intraperitoneal transplantation of @entity0 umbilical mesenchymal stem cells into the @entity2 effectively prevented @entity4 / @entity10 -induced @entity8 formation, ultrafiltration failure, and peritoneal membrane alterations such as peritoneal thickening, @entity3 , and @entity1 . These findings provide a basis for a novel approach for therapeutic benefits in the treatment of encapsulating peritoneal @entity6 .

title: The Therapeutic Potential of XXXX Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Wharton's Jelly in the Treatment of @entity2 Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: : A major complication in continuous, ambulatory @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity5 who are undergoing long-term @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is peritoneal @entity3 , which can result in peritoneal structural changes and functional ultrafiltration failure. @entity0 umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) in Wharton's jelly possess stem cell properties and are easily obtained and processed. This study focuses on the effects of HUMSCs on peritoneal @entity3 in in vitro and in vivo experiments. After 24-hour treatment with mixture of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and @entity4 solution at a 1:3 ratio, primary @entity0 peritoneal mesothelial cells became susceptible to @entity4 -induced cell death. Such cytotoxic effects were prevented by coculturing with primary HUMSCs. In a @entity2 model, intraperitoneal injections of 20 mM @entity10 ( @entity9 ) in @entity4 solution for 3 weeks (the @entity4 / @entity9 3W group) markedly induced @entity8 formation, peritoneal thickening, and collagen accumulation. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated neoangiogenesis and significant increase in the numbers of ED-1- and a-smooth muscle actin ( @entity7 )-positive cells in the thickened peritoneum in the @entity4 / @entity9 3W group, suggesting that @entity4 / @entity9 induced an inflammatory response. Furthermore, @entity4 / @entity9 treatment for 3 weeks caused functional impairments in the peritoneal membrane. However, in comparison with the @entity4 / @entity9 group, intraperitoneal administration of HUMSCs into the @entity2 significantly ameliorated the @entity4 / @entity9 -induced @entity8 formation, peritoneal @entity3 , @entity1 , neoangiogenesis, and ultrafiltration failure. After 3 weeks of transplantation, surviving HUMSCs were found in the peritoneum in the HUMSC-grafted @entity2 . Thus, xenografts of HUMSCs might provide a potential therapeutic strategy in the prevention of peritoneal @entity3 . SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated that direct intraperitoneal transplantation of @entity0 umbilical mesenchymal stem cells into the @entity2 effectively prevented @entity4 / @entity10 -induced @entity8 formation, ultrafiltration failure, and peritoneal membrane alterations such as peritoneal thickening, @entity3 , and @entity1 . These findings provide a basis for a novel approach for therapeutic benefits in the treatment of encapsulating peritoneal @entity6 .

title: The Therapeutic Potential of @entity0 Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Wharton's Jelly in the Treatment of @entity2 Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: : A major complication in continuous, ambulatory @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity5 who are undergoing long-term @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is peritoneal @entity3 , which can result in peritoneal structural changes and functional ultrafiltration failure. @entity0 umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) in Wharton's jelly possess stem cell properties and are easily obtained and processed. This study focuses on the effects of HUMSCs on peritoneal @entity3 in in vitro and in vivo experiments. After 24-hour treatment with mixture of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and @entity4 solution at a 1:3 ratio, primary @entity0 peritoneal mesothelial cells became susceptible to @entity4 -induced cell death. Such cytotoxic effects were prevented by coculturing with primary HUMSCs. In a @entity2 model, intraperitoneal injections of 20 mM @entity10 ( @entity9 ) in @entity4 solution for 3 weeks (the @entity4 / @entity9 3W group) markedly induced @entity8 formation, peritoneal thickening, and collagen accumulation. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated neoangiogenesis and significant increase in the numbers of ED-1- and a-smooth muscle actin ( @entity7 )-positive cells in the thickened peritoneum in the @entity4 / @entity9 3W group, suggesting that @entity4 / @entity9 induced an inflammatory response. Furthermore, @entity4 / @entity9 treatment for 3 weeks caused functional impairments in the peritoneal membrane. However, in comparison with the @entity4 / @entity9 group, intraperitoneal administration of HUMSCs into the @entity2 significantly ameliorated the @entity4 / @entity9 -induced @entity8 formation, peritoneal @entity3 , @entity1 , neoangiogenesis, and ultrafiltration failure. After 3 weeks of transplantation, surviving HUMSCs were found in the peritoneum in the HUMSC-grafted @entity2 . Thus, xenografts of HUMSCs might provide a potential therapeutic strategy in the prevention of peritoneal @entity3 . SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated that direct intraperitoneal transplantation of @entity0 umbilical mesenchymal stem cells into the @entity2 effectively prevented @entity4 / @entity10 -induced @entity8 formation, ultrafiltration failure, and peritoneal membrane alterations such as peritoneal thickening, @entity3 , and @entity1 . These findings provide a basis for a novel approach for therapeutic benefits in the treatment of encapsulating peritoneal @entity6 .

title: The Therapeutic Potential of @entity0 Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Wharton's Jelly in the Treatment of XXXX Peritoneal Dialysis-Induced @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Using nationwide @entity2 incidence data, we examined whether the strength of the association of cigarette smoking with @entity1 risk differs according to major histological type and gender, taking account of other risk factors in the Korean population. METHODS: The study population derived from government employees and teachers aged 20  years and over who participated in a national health examination program in 1998 or 1999. Total study subjects were 1,357,447. After excluding 1556 subjects who were treated with @entity1 during 1998-2000, we restricted our analysis to 1,355,891 cases. We followed up those 1,355,891 subjects who were @entity2 -free at baseline until December 31, 2010. The incident @entity2 cases were identified from the Korea Central Cancer Registry, which is a nationwide hospital-based @entity2 registry system that includes 94  % of the university hospitals and 96  % of the resident training hospitals of the country. RESULTS: A higher risk for having ever smoked was observed for squamous-cell and small-cell @entity3 in both @entity0 and @entity0 . Heavy and long-term smokers were at higher risk for these @entity3 . Significant associations with quantity and duration-related factors were observed mainly among @entity0 . These findings indicate that smoking is closely related to the risk of squamous-cell and small-cell @entity3 among @entity0 as well as @entity0 . However, the magnitude of smoking-related @entity1 risk is likely to differ between @entity0 and @entity0 . CONCLUSION: The hazard ratios for all types of @entity1 were significantly higher in male current smokers than in male never smokers. In case of @entity0 , the hazard ratios for @entity4 were not different between current smokers and never smokers. The hazard ratios we found, however, were lower than those reported in Western countries and in Korea, but consistent with those reported in North-eastern Asian countries.

title: Hazard Ratio of Smoking on XXXX in Korea According to Histological Type and Gender.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sea level rise will change inundation regimes in salt marshes, altering redox dynamics that control nitrification-a potential source of the potent greenhouse gas, @entity5 ( @entity4 )-and denitrification, a major @entity3 (N) loss pathway in coastal ecosystems and both a source and sink of @entity4 . Measurements of net @entity4 fluxes alone yield little insight into the different effects of redox conditions on @entity4 production and consumption. We used in situ measurements of gross @entity4 fluxes across a salt marsh elevation gradient to determine how soil @entity4 emissions in coastal ecosystems may respond to future sea level rise. Soil redox declined as marsh elevation decreased, with lower soil @entity2 and higher ferrous @entity1 in the low marsh compared to the mid and high marshes (p < 0.001 for both). In addition, soil @entity0 concentrations were lower in the low and mid marshes relative to the high marsh (p < 0.001). Net @entity4 fluxes differed significantly among marsh zones (p = 0.009), averaging 9.8    5.4  g N m(-2) h(-1) , -2.2    0.9  g N m(-2) h(-1) , and 0.67    0.57  g N m(-2) h(-1) in the low, mid, and high marshes, respectively. Both net @entity4 release and uptake were observed in the low and high marshes, but the mid marsh was consistently a net @entity4 sink. Gross @entity4 production was highest in the low marsh and lowest in the mid marsh (p = 0.02), whereas gross @entity4 consumption did not differ among marsh zones. Thus, variability in gross @entity4 production rates drove the differences in net @entity4 flux among marsh zones. Our results suggest that future studies should focus on elucidating controls on the processes producing, rather than consuming, @entity4 in salt marshes to improve our predictions of changes in net @entity4 fluxes caused by future sea level rise. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Gross XXXX production drives net @entity5 fluxes across a salt marsh landscape.

answer: @entity5